bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Crystalline Mesoionic Diazasilole Featuring Low‐Valent Silicon
Authors: Lan Xiaofang , Wang Hongyu , Liang Qiuming , Liu Liu Leo 
Published: October 2024

AbstractA 1,4,2‐diazasilole containing a low‐valent silicon atom has been synthesized employing a bulky imino N‐heterocyclic carbene ligand. This molecular structure is characterized by a mesoionic C2N2Si five‐membered ring, notable for its delocalized π electrons, intrinsic charge‐separated zwitterionic properties, and a distinctly nucleophilic silicon center, culminating in 6π aromaticity. This compound manifests either mesoionic silylene or silylone characteristics upon coordination with transition metals. Demonstrating extraordinary versatility, this compound engages in diverse reactions such as coordination with iron or iridium, oxidation by S8, intramolecular ring saturation under the coordination influence of iridium, silicon atom transfer facilitated by Ph2Se2, ring contraction induced by Ph2Te2, and skeletal rearrangement triggered by Et3N•HCl. These reactions culminate in the formation of a variety of unprecedented silicon‐based heterocycles, which are typically formidable to achieve using conventional methods. This study unveils previously unexplored facets of low‐valent 1,4,2‐diazasilole, positioning it as a promising foundational building block for future innovations in unique silicon compounds.
Cavity formation in silica‐filled rubber compounds observed during deformation by ultra small‐angle x‐ray scattering
Authors: Yakovlev Ilya , Sztucki Michael , Fleck Frank , Karimi‐Varzaneh Hossein Ali , Lacayo‐Pineda Jorge , Vatterott Christoph , Giese Ulrich 
Published: October 2024

AbstractWhen silica‐filled rubber compounds are deformed, structural modifications in the material's bulk lead to irreversible damage, the most significant of which is cavitation appearing within the interfaces of interconnected polymer and filler networks. This work introduces a new method to analyze cavitation in industrial‐grade rubbers based on ultra small‐angle x‐ray scattering. This method employs a specially designed multi‐sample stretching device for high‐throughput measurements with statistical relevance. The proposed data reduction approach allows for early detection and quantification of cavitation while providing at the same time information on the hierarchical filler structures at length scales ranging from the primary particle size to large silica agglomerates over four orders of magnitude. To validate the method, the scattering of SSBR rubber compounds filled with highly dispersible silica at different ratios was measured under quasi‐static strain. The strain was applied in incremental steps up to a maximum achievable elongation or breakage of the sample. From the measurements performed in multiple repetitions, it was found that the minimum strain necessary for cavity formation and the size evolution of the cavities with increasing strain are comparable between these samples. The sample with the highest polymer content showed the lowest rate of cavity formation and higher durability of silica structures. The structural stability of the compounds was determined by the evolution of the filler hierarchical structures, obtained by fitting data across the available strain range.
DNA Metabarcoding Reveals the Dietary Composition for Smooth‐Coated Otter (Lutrogale perspicillata) and Asian Small‐Clawed Otter (Aonyx cinereus) in Malaysia
Authors: Othman Nursyuhada , Munian Kaviarasu , Haris Hidayah , Sariyati Nur Hartini , Abdullah‐Fauzi Nurfatiha Akmal Fawwazah , Ilham‐Norhakim Mohd Lokman , Mohd‐Ridwan Abd Rahman , Aifat Nor Rahman , Abdul‐Patah Pazil , Sasaki Hiroshi , Waku Daisuke , Shukor Md Nor , Md‐Zain Badrul Munir , Abdul‐Latiff Muhammad Abu Bakar 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThe declining population of otter species in Malaysia, including the Asian small‐clawed otter (Aonyx cinereus), smooth‐coated otter (Lutrogale perspicillata) and hairy‐nosed otter (Lutra sumatrana), is primarily attributed to habitat changes. Understanding the ecological aspects of otters, including their diets, is crucial for formulating effective conservation management strategies. To address this knowledge gap, we employed Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) as an alternative approach to enhance our understanding of the species' food chain. Specifically, this study investigated the diets of Asian small‐clawed otters and smooth‐coated otters by analysing an ~130 bp segment of the Cytochrome b (Cytb) gene using Illumina Miniseq platform. The analysis successfully generated 572,311 reads, identifying four families, nine genera and 11 food species consumed by both otter species. Smooth‐coated otters primarily consumed fish (96%) and frogs (4%), whereas Asian small‐clawed otters exclusively fed on fish (100%), with the genus Esomus being the predominant fish genus found in the spraints. The diversity analysis of their diets revealed significant differences between two species (p < 0.05). As a result, DNA metabarcoding provides a reliable method for verifying otter dietary information and can serve as a valuable tool in assessing fish diversity, thus contributing significantly to the management and conservation of otter populations, particularly in Malaysia.
Effect of dwell time on consensus in multiagent systems with time‐varying topologies
Authors: Chen Zhiyi , Yu Xinghuo , Liu Zhaohui , Jalili Mahdi 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis paper studies the effect of dwell time on consensus of high‐order multiagent systems with time‐varying topologies. In contrast to existing literature that only focuses on the convergence of consensus, the proposed work focuses on the sensitivity of consensus on the dwell time and studies its relationship with consensus behaviors. In particular, it is shown that dwell time determines the duration of agent interactions, resulting in different state dynamics, consensus values, and convergence speeds under different switching topologies. Such effects can impact the dynamical performance of the multiagent systems. To quantitatively analyze the effect, a procedure is proposed to estimate the consensus values with respect to the dwell time and switching topologies, and a condition is obtained to find the topologies that can speed up the convergence. The proposed study is applied to the regulation of microgrids, which proves to be effective in improving the performance and efficiency of controllers.
Robot‐assisted laparoscopic continent cutaneous urinary diversion in adults: A single‐centre study
Authors: Loubersac Thomas , Lavallée Etienne , Reiss Benédicte , Lefort Marc , Kieny Pierre , Leclair Marc‐David , Rigaud Jérome , Le Normand Loic , Perrouin‐Verbe Brigitte , Lefevre Chloé , Perrouin‐Verbe Marie‐Aimée 
Published: October 2024

AbstractObjectivesTo show that robot‐assisted laparoscopic cutaneous continent urinary diversion (RALCCUD) is feasible and safe; however, data on clinical outcomes in adults are lacking.Materials and methodsWe conducted a retrospective study of all adults who underwent RALCCUD between 2017 and 2022 at a single tertiary reference centre.Patient characteristics, clinical information and perioperative outcomes were recorded. All patients underwent pre‐ and postoperative urodynamic evaluations.Functional outcomes were evaluated at 3 months, then yearly. Continence was defined as no stomal or urethral leakage.ResultsTwelve patients, mostly women (n = 11), median (IQR) age 47.4 (19–57) years underwent RALCCUD (four Mitrofanoff, four Yang‐Monti and four Casale). The main indication for surgery was inability to perform intermittent self‐catheterization through the native urethra.Eleven patients (92%) had neurogenic lower urinary tract disease caused by spinal cord injury or spinal dysraphism.Median (IQR) operative time was 313 (285–367) min. Four patients (33%) underwent concomitant procedures: three supratrigonal cystectomy (SC) with augmentation cystoplasty (AC) and one artificial urinary sphincter (AUS). No conversions to an open approach were required. Median (IQR) follow‐up was 51 (40–61) months. One early postoperative complication occurred (Clavien grade III). The late postoperative complication rate was 17%, with three complications occurring in three patients.At the last follow‐up, all patients could self‐catheterize through the tube, and the stomal and urethral continence rate was 100%.ConclusionRALCCUD is feasible and safe in adults, with a high rate of stomal and urethral continence and a low complication rate.
Can ESG ratings drive digital innovation in enterprises? Exploring Porter's hypothesis in the digital era
Authors: Wang Zhen 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe holistic reshaping and advancement of the global economy inherently demand the creation of synergies between digitization and environmentally sustainable development practices. This study pioneers an evaluation of the impact of environmental, social, and governance (ESG) ratings on corporate digital technology innovation, contrasting with existing literature. Using data from A‐share listed firms for 2011–2020, our research reveals that implementing ESG ratings stimulates corporate digital technology innovation across various dimensions, thereby confirming the presence of the Porter hypothesis in the digital era. Furthermore, these findings are substantiated through the utilization of various methodologies, such as synthetic difference‐in‐differences (SDID), multi‐period DID, event studies, and staggered DID. In addition, mechanism tests delve into the underlying channels through which ESG ratings stimulate corporate digital technology innovation, elucidating their ability to promote innovation through motivation stimulus and resource supply effects. Moreover, the heterogeneity analysis carried out in this study uncovers diverse effects on digital technology innovation stemming from factors such as firm characteristics, industry competitiveness, industry nature, regional intellectual property protection (IPP), and factor market development. Nevertheless, companies should refrain from blindly pursuing high ESG ratings to avoid overcorrecting because there is an inverse U‐shape relationship between ESG ratings and corporate digital technology innovation. These findings provide the theoretical basis and empirical evidence for the widescale utilization of ESG ratings. Thus, they offer useful guidance for executives and other policymakers aiming to foster a win–win scenario of digitization and green development.
Beyond Conventional Drug Design: Exploring the Broad‐Spectrum Efficacy of Antimicrobial Peptides
Authors: Odunitan Tope T. , Apanisile Boluwatife T. , Afolabi Justinah A. , Adeniwura Praise O. , Akinboade Modinat W. , Ibrahim Najahtulahi O. , Alare Kehinde P. , Saibu Oluwatosin A. , Adeosun Oyindamola A. , Opeyemi Hammed S. , Ayiti Kolawole S. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn the fight against pathogenic infections, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) constitute a novel and promising class of compounds that defies accepted drug development conventions like Lipinski's rule. AMPs are remarkably effective against a variety of pathogens, including viruses, bacteria, parasites, and fungi. Their effectiveness, despite differing from traditional drug‐like properties defies accepted standards. This review investigates the complex world of AMPs with an emphasis on their structural and physicochemical properties, which include size, sequence, structure, charge, and half‐life. These distinguishing characteristics set AMPs apart from conventional therapeutics that adhere to Lipinski's rules and greatly contribute to their selective targeting, reduction of resistance, multifunctionality, and broad‐spectrum efficacy. In contrast to traditional drugs that follow Lipinski's guidelines, AMPs have special qualities that play a big role in their ability to target specific targets, lower resistance, and work across a wide range of conditions. Our work is unique because of this nuanced investigation, which offers a new viewpoint on the potential of AMPs in tackling the worldwide problem of antibiotic resistance.In the face of the escalating global challenge of antibiotic resistance, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are innovative antimicrobial agents with unique mechanisms of action that challenge traditional Lipinski's Rule. They can withstand various microbial threats through membrane disruption, intracellular targeting, and immunomodulation. AMP versatility sets them apart from other antibiotics and their potential to address microbial infections and antibiotic resistance is growing. To fully unlock their potential, traditional drug development approaches need to be reconsidered. AMPs have revolutionary potential, paving the way for innovative solutions to health issues and transforming the antimicrobial therapy landscape.
Contrasting the role of historic factors in phylogeograpic patterns in the native Johnny darter (Etheostoma nigrum) and invasive round goby (Neogobius melanostomus) in lower michigan
Authors: Wicks A. J. , Bowman M. , Dowling T. E. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractRound goby (Neogobius melanostomus) is an invasive fish present in all five Great Lakes and is becoming increasingly common in their tributaries. Johnny darter (Etheostoma nigrum) is a native species that often coexists with N. melanostomus. In this work, historic factors are addressed as a source of genomic variation in study populations of these species. To do this, patterns of variation in the mitochondrial gene NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2 (ND2) were characterized for both species throughout Lower Michigan. Populations of N. melanostomus and E. nigrum were sampled from 17 localities representing both eastern and western basins of Lower Michigan to test the hypothesis that populations differ between the eastern and western basins of the Great Lakes. Neogobius melanostomus populations were largely homogenous with no significant differences detected among populations or between the eastern and western basins. Additionally, N. melanostomus exhibited no evidence of overarching historical genetic structure, consistent with the recent invasion and rapid expansion of this species. Etheostoma nigrum exhibited significant differentiation among local populations; however, similarity among mtDNA haplotypes indicated that differences among populations are recent, suggesting that local forces are a more important factor in shaping patterns of variation than historical factors. Contrary to predictions, there were no significant differences detected between the eastern and western basins of the Great Lakes; however, construction of a neighbor‐joining tree with FST estimates revealed clustering of populations by basin with some anomalies. These anomalies may be the result of recent stream capture events facilitating gene flow between the two basins.
Organocatalytic Atroposelective C−H Amination of Arenes with Indolines
Authors: Wang Tiantian , An Shaoran , Sun Jiangtao 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAn atroposelective synthesis of axially chiral N‐arylindolines has been established by organocatalytic nucleophilic amination of arenes with 7‐substituted indolines, providing a straightforward way to achieve the expected C−N atropisomers in good yields (up to 95 %) with good to excellent enantioselectivities (up to 97 % ee) from readily available starting materials. Furthermore, axially chiral N‐arylindole derivatives could be prepared upon oxidative aromatization of the corresponding N‐arylindolines.
PTAA‐infiltrated thin‐walled carbon nanotube electrode with hidden encapsulation for perovskite solar cells
Authors: Chae Eun Chong , Seo You‐Hyun , Kang Bong Joo , Oh Jin Ho , Jung Yeonsu , Jang Jinho , Kim Taehoon , Jo Yong‐Ryun , Kim Dong Jun , Kim Taek‐Soo , Im Sang Hyuk , Sung Sae Jin , Shin Seong Sik , Hong Soonil , Jeon Nam Joong 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn perovskite solar cells (PSCs), expensive gold or silver metal has traditionally been utilized as the rear electrode for highly efficient performance. In this context, carbon nanotube (CNT) electrodes have been considered promising rear electrodes because of their excellent electrical conductivity, mechanical strength, and chemical stability in PSCs. Despite these favorable characteristics, concerns have been raised about the power conversion efficiency (PCE) and stability of PSCs based on CNTs due to the porosity of CNT electrodes. In this study, we employed both poly(triarylamine) (PTAA) infiltration and rear electrode hidden encapsulation approaches to address issues related to the porosity of thin‐walled carbon nanotube (TWCNT) electrodes to achieve high efficiency and stability. The infiltration of low‐molecular‐weight PTAA into the TWCNT electrode reduced electrode porosity while simultaneously improving the interfacial contact of the TWCNT layer with the perovskite layer. Furthermore, a novel encapsulation design was employed to prevent air and water exposure of the TWCNT electrode, which significantly enhanced device stability. PSCs with TWCNT rear electrodes developed on the basis of these strategies have the best PCE of 19.5% and show long‐term stability, retaining 96% and 74% of the initial PCE after 225 h at maximum power point tracking under AM 1.5G illumination and 916 h at 85°C/85% relative humidity, respectively.image
Design and performance analysis of portable solar powered cooler for vaccine storage
Authors: Marwa Vicent , Kivevele Thomas , Kichonge Baraka , Selemani Juma 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe efficacy of vaccine storage is significantly impacted by temperature fluctuations within the cooler, often exacerbated by using phase change materials in existing cooler designs for remote areas. These materials can undergo uneven melting and phase separation, leading to temperature instability and vaccine potency loss. In response to this challenge, the present study introduces a novel design of a portable, locally‐made solar‐powered cooler optimized for longer storage periods. The cooler's performance in terms of temperature distribution, airflow dynamics, and the coefficient of performance (COP) is meticulously examined through computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations. The simulated results were validated using experimental data from the open literature, ensuring accuracy and reliability. The findings indicate that the developed cooler achieves significant improvements over traditional models. For instance, the current model reaches a temperature of +12°C in just 84 min, compared to 208 min, as reported in the literature results. Moreover, the current model reaches a temperature of −12°C in 195 min and it has energy efficient with a COP of 4.5. Statistical analysis further confirms the reliability of the simulation results, with root mean square and mean absolute percentage errors of 6.587 and 24.2%, respectively. Additionally, a comparative study of five insulative materials highlights polyurethane (Po) as the top performer, with a heat transfer performance of 14.3%, followed by feather fiber (Fe) (18.7%), fly ash (Fl) (19.8%), fiberglass (Fi) (21.9%), and coconut fiber (Co) (25.9%). Notably, net present value (NPV) of $689.336 and $448.01 was obtained for economic analysis of the current model over the existing model, showing the feasibility of the study. Hence, the cooler's effectiveness in storing vaccines in isolated regions exceeds that of conventional models, providing a hopeful solution to tackle vital challenges in vaccine distribution and preservation.
Unveil the molecular recognition mechanisms of triazine haptens and monoclonal antibodies: Establishing ic‐ELISA methods for triazine herbicide analysis in tea
Authors: Xu Lingyuan , Abd El‐Aty A. M. , Li Peipei , Li Jia , Zhao Jing , Lei Xingmei , Gao Song , Zhao Yun , She Yongxin , Jin Fen , Wang Jing , Hammock Bruce D. , Jin Maojun 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis study introduced two triazine haptens (with 0 or 1 carbon connecting arms at nonisopropyl positions) and developed two heterologous indirect competitive enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ic‐ELISA) methods. The IC50 values for the 17 triazine pesticides ranged from 0.84 ng/mL to 225.63 ng/mL, and the established method was applied to determine their concentrations in tea samples. This study aimed to address the current debate on the recognition mechanism of triazine haptens with shorter connecting arms. This study produced two new findings by investigating the recognition mechanism of triazine haptens and antibodies. On the one hand, the specific amino acid isoleucine (ILE‐219) is crucial for isopropyl recognition. On the other hand, the selection of the connecting site of the triazine hapten has a significant effect on the specificity of the antibody, with the influence of the length of the carbon connecting arm being secondary. Our newly designed haptens show promise for diverse triazine pesticide immunoassay applications. This discovery established a foundational framework for constructing a tailored antibody library for pollutants.
Mushroom and Kefir Functional Characterizations: Hypolipidemia and Gut Microbiota Modulations in Rat Models
Authors: Aljumayi Huda , Alrasheedi Amani A. , Aljutaily Thamer , Mohamed Ahmed Isam A. , Khalil Nazeha A. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTHyperlipidemia is a malnutrition disease associated with different lifestyle factors mainly high fat/cholesterol foods consumption and less physical activity. Consumption of high fiber foods (prebiotic sources) additionally to gut microbiota (GM; probiotics species) could overcome hyperlipidemia and its associated risks. Prebiotics and probiotics are known by protective effects in different diseases like diabetes, inflammatory bowel diseases, and cardiovascular diseases. Mushroom and kefir milk (KM) are known for their high pre/probiotic nutritional values depending on many factors, for example, eating levels and/or conditions. Therefore, this study aimed to measure the potential health benefits of dried powdered mushrooms (DPM) supplemented with KM between hyperlipidemia rats in association with lipid profile, atherogenic index (AI), and GM profile. Rats were randomly divided into main negative control healthy group (G1; −ve), positive control hyperlipidemia (G2; +ve) and three hyperlipidemia groups (G3:G5) fed DPM at 2.5%, 5%, and 10% of rats' diet additionally to 5% KM (DPM + 5% KM) each, respectively. The collected blood samples used for glucose, lipid profile (cholesterol, triglycerides, high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, and low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol), and AI in addition to fecal sample for GM and short‐chain fatty acids (SCFAs). Collected data illustrated that body weight, blood glucose, lipid profile, GM (Bifidobacteria and Lactobacillus vs. Clostridium histolyticum), AI, and SCFAs were improved between hyperlipidemia fed 5% both PDM + KM (p ≤ 0.05) at the best levels. In conclusion, same DPM/KM levels have broad development as functional active foods that could lower hyperlipidemia incidence and promotes intestinal health; however, much more human studies are needed.