bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Whole-Body–Vibration Training and Balance in Recreational Athletes With Chronic Ankle Instability
Authors: Sierra-Guzmán Rafael , Jiménez-Diaz Fernando , Ramírez Carlos , Esteban Paula , Abián-Vicén Javier 
Published: March 2018

Context:
Deficits in the propioceptive system of the ankle contribute to chronic ankle instability (CAI). Recently, whole-body–vibration (WBV) training has been introduced as a preventive and rehabilitative tool.

Objective:
To evaluate how a 6-week WBV training program on an unstable surface affected balance and body composition in recreational athletes with CAI.

Design:
Randomized controlled clinical trial.

Setting:
Research laboratory.

Patients or Other Participants:
Fifty recreational athletes with self-reported CAI were randomly assigned to a vibration (VIB), nonvibration (NVIB), or control group.

Intervention(s):
The VIB and NVIB groups performed unilateral balance training on a BOSU 3 times weekly for 6 weeks. The VIB group trained on a vibration platform, and the NVIB group trained on the floor.

Main Outcome Measure(s):
We assessed balance using the Biodex Balance System and the Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT). Body composition was measured by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry.

Results:
After 6 weeks of training, improvements on the Biodex Balance System occurred only on the Overall Stability Index (P = .01) and Anterior-Posterior Stability Index (P = .03) in the VIB group. We observed better performance in the medial (P = .008) and posterolateral (P = .04) directions and composite score of the SEBT in the VIB group (P = .01) and in the medial (P &lt; .001), posteromedial (P = .002), and posterolateral (P = .03) directions and composite score of the SEBT in the NVIB group (P &lt; .001). No changes in body composition were found for any of the groups.

Conclusions:
Only the VIB group showed improvements on the Biodex Balance System, whereas the VIB and NVIB groups displayed better performance on the SEBT.
Centro Etnográfico Mandeo. Hormigón y memoria. *** Ethnographic Center Mandeo. Concrete and memory.
Authors: Bouza Cora María Belén , Barge Ferreiros Santiago 
Published: March 2018

En un entorno natural de gran valor paisajístico en la cuenca del río Mandeo, el centro, destinado a formación y divulgación, se concibe como una ‘cabaña’ que se integra en el bosque que lo rodea sin restarle protagonismo. El proyecto desarrolla el programa en una sucesión de volúmenes conectados entre sí, que pueden funcionar de forma autónoma o conjuntamente, lo que confiere al edificio una gran versatilidad de uso. La utilización del hormigón autocompactante (inyectado desde las partes inferiores de muros y cubiertas) en la configuración de los volúmenes, ha hecho posible la homogeneidad y compacidad y ha permitido asimismo resolver, con un único material, tanto la envolvente como la estructura del conjunto.***Located in the remarkable landscape of the Mandeo River basin, the Ethnographic Center is a space for education and information, and is conceived as a primitive ‘cabin’ that melds with the surrounding woods. The program is organized in a series of volumes that are interconnected, and that can function independently or jointly, a feature that gives the building a great versatility of use. The use of the self-compacting concrete (sprayed from the lower parts of the walls and roofs) to configure the walls has allowed to make them compact and homogeneous and has also allowed to resolve, with a single material, both the enclosure and the structure of the whole complex.
Primary and secondary organic aerosols in summer 2016 in Beijing
Authors: Tang Rongzhi , Wu Zepeng , Li Xiao , Wang Yujue , Shang Dongjie , Xiao Yao , Li Mengren , Zeng Limin , Wu Zhijun , Hallquist Mattias , Hu Min , Guo Song 
Published: March 2018

Abstract. To improve air quality, the Beijing government has employed several air
pollution control measures since the 2008 Olympics. In order to investigate
organic aerosol sources after the implementation of these measures, ambient
fine particulate matter was collected at a regional site in Changping (CP) and
an urban site at the Peking University Atmosphere Environment Monitoring Station (PKUERS)
during the “Photochemical Smog in China” field campaign in summer
2016. Chemical mass balance (CMB) modeling and the tracer yield method
were used to apportion primary and secondary organic sources. Our results
showed that the particle concentration decreased significantly during the
last few years. The apportioned primary and secondary sources explained
62.8 ± 18.3 and 80.9 ± 27.2 % of the measured OC at CP and
PKUERS, respectively. Vehicular emissions served as the dominant source.
Except for gasoline engine emissions, the contributions of all the other primary
sources decreased. In addition, the anthropogenic SOC, i.e., toluene SOC, also
decreased, implying that deducting primary emissions can reduce anthropogenic
SOA. In contrast to the SOA from other regions in the world where biogenic
SOA was dominant, anthropogenic SOA was the major contributor to SOA,
implying that deducting anthropogenic VOC emissions is an efficient way to
reduce SOA in Beijing. Back-trajectory cluster analysis results showed that
high mass concentrations of OC were observed when the air mass was from
the south. However, the contributions of different primary organic sources were
similar, suggesting regional particle pollution. The ozone concentration
and temperature correlated well with the SOA concentration. Different
correlations between day and night samples suggested different SOA
formation pathways. Significant enhancement of SOA with increasing particle
water content and acidity was observed in our study, suggesting that aqueous-phase acid-catalyzed reactions may be the important SOA formation mechanism
in summer in Beijing.
A network model for characterizing brine channels in sea ice
Authors: Lieblappen Ross M. , Kumar Deip D. , Pauls Scott D. , Obbard Rachel W. 
Published: March 2018

Abstract. The brine pore space in sea ice can form complex connected
structures whose geometry is critical in the governance of important physical
transport processes between the ocean, sea ice, and surface. Recent advances
in three-dimensional imaging using X-ray micro-computed tomography have enabled the
visualization and quantification of the brine network morphology and
variability. Using imaging of first-year sea ice samples at in situ
temperatures, we create a new mathematical network model to characterize the
topology and connectivity of the brine channels. This model provides a
statistical framework where we can characterize the pore networks via two
parameters, depth and temperature, for use in dynamical sea ice models. Our
approach advances the quantification of brine connectivity in sea ice, which
can help investigations of bulk physical properties, such as fluid
permeability, that are key in both global and regional sea ice models.
Prospects for the Study of Cormac McCarthy
Authors: Frye Steven 
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACT
Cormac McCarthy studies is currently a vibrant and active field of inquiry that came along late in his career. A small group of scholars associated with the Cormac McCarthy Society and The Cormac McCarthy Journal initiated study of his novels in the late 1980s and early 1990s. Presently, particularly after the publication of the National Book Award–winning All the Pretty Horses in 1992, a new critical tradition has expanded, producing a number of essay collections and single-author books. These studies have dealt with a range of topics, from religious and philosophical inquiries to narratological analyses, and few of these topics have been exhausted. Much remains to be done. The topic of McCarthy's religio-philosophical concerns is broad and deep and invites further inquiry. In addition, influence and innovation, sociopolitical concerns, transnational and transcultural study, and ecocritical issues invite attention. These and other critical areas will advance in valuable ways our understanding of this important contemporary author.
Are LOD and LOQ Reliable Parameters for Sensitivity Evaluation of Spectroscopic Methods?
Authors: Ershadi Saba , Shayanfar Ali 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
The limit of detection (LOD) and the limit of quantification (LOQ) are common parameters to assess the sensitivity of analytical methods. In this study, the LOD and LOQ of previously reported terbium sensitized analysis methods were calculated by different methods, and the results were compared with sensitivity parameters [lower limit of quantification (LLOQ)] of U.S. Food and Drug Administration guidelines. The details of the calibration curve and standard deviation of blank samples of three different terbium-sensitized luminescence methods for the quantification of mycophenolic acid, enrofloxacin, and silibinin were used for the calculation of LOD and LOQ. A comparison of LOD and LOQ values calculated by various methods and LLOQ shows a considerable difference. The significant difference of the calculated LOD and LOQ with various methods and LLOQ should be considered in the sensitivity evaluation of spectroscopic methods.
Vitamin D Dietary Supplementation: Relationship with Chronic Heart Failure
Authors: Dattilo Giuseppe , Casale Matteo , Avventuroso Emanuela , Laganà Pasqualina 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
It is estimated that over 1 billion people worldwide have a deficiency of vitamin D, also known as hypovitaminosis D, which the World Health Organization has defined as a public health problem. Beyond its historical homeostasis regulatory function of calcium and phosphorus, in relation to the preservation of the skeletal system, several studies show today a close connection between hypovitaminosis D and the genesis of rheumatic, autoimmune, neoplastic, and cardiovascular diseases. With exclusive reference to cardiovascular aspects, multiple heart diseases such as hypertension, myocardial ischemia, and heart failures might have deficiency in vitamin D as an important causative factor. Because of the influence of concomitant pathologies caused by antibiotic-resistant agents, the function of this vitamin should be critically evaluated. However, the role of vitamin D remains to be established; only a few studies have tested the effects of its supplementation in patients with chronic heart failure diseases, and reported results are unclear. It is important to implement studies in this field in order to assess the real benefits induced by vitamin D supplementation in cardiovascular patients and, in particular, in patients with heart failure. Should the research confirm actual clinical improvement after treatment with vitamin D, such a supplementation might represent a new low-cost therapeutic approach to improving quality of life.
Retour réflexif sur un cheminement
Authors: Loiseau Dominique 
Published: March 2018

L’article est un retour réflexif sur le cheminement d’une chercheuse travaillant sur les rapports sociaux de sexe et le mouvement ouvrier, en histoire et en sociologie : réflexion sur l’évolution de ses supports de recherche (rapport aux sources orales, à l’image), sur les outils facilitant une transmission, sur la confrontation à de nouveaux langages pour rendre compte de la recherche, sur de nouvelles pratiques pour sortir de l’entre-soi universitaire, s’enrichir des réactions d’un public qui a été – ou pas – partie prenante de l’étude.
Et, en amont, faciliter la production d’une réflexion par les personnes enquêtées, pour qu’elles deviennent, dans une certaine mesure, sujets et pas seulement objets, s’approprient la démarche et participent, par exemple, à l’élaboration du contenu d’un texte théâtral sur la thématique des stéréotypes sexués.
En transversal, la question de la posture de la chercheuse, du rapport entre connivence, empathie et altérité.
Quelle sociologie relationnelle? Une perspective non relationniste
Authors: Donati Pierpaolo 
Published: March 2018

Dans cet article, l’auteur présente sa version originale d’une sociologie relationnelle, laquelle repose sur un réalisme critique, qu’on appelle aussi « théorie relationnelle de la société ». Elle partage avec d’autres versions de la sociologie relationnelle l’objectif de comprendre les faits sociaux en tant qu’entités constituées relationnellement. Mais elle diffère des versions constructivistes radicales (ici nommées sociologies relationnistes) par la façon dont les relations sociales sont définies, les voies par lesquelles elles sont générées et elles changent (morphogénèse sociale), et la manière dont elles configurent les formations sociales. L’article met au clair les avantages qu’offre cette perspective originale pour l’explication des phénomènes sociaux émergents. En particulier, montre-t-il, cette perspective peut orienter la recherche sociale vers des réalités invisibles ou immatérielles. Empiriquement, elle peut montrer comment des formes sociales nouvelles sont créées, comment elles changent ou comment elles se détruisent en fonction de divers processus de valorisation ou de dévalorisation des relations sociales. Ultimement, cette approche offre la possibilité de mettre en lumière des processus relationnels qui peuvent permettre aux agents sociaux humains de mieux se réaliser et leur donner, en tant que sujets relationnels, l’occasion d’accéder au bien-vivre.
Climatic niche contraction, habitat restoration opportunities, and conservation biogeography in California's San Joaquin Desert
Authors: Stewart Joseph AE , Butterfield H Scott , Richmond Jonathan Q , Germano David J , Westphal Michael F , Tennant Erin N , Sinervo Barry 
Published: March 2018

Aim: Habitat loss has been the greatest historical driver of species extinctions. A recent global trend toward retirement of marginally productive agricultural lands presents opportunities to reclaim critical habitat for endangered species. We examine habitat restoration opportunities in the context of historical sources of habitat loss, including agriculture, development, habitat fragmentation, and invasive-species-mediated climatic niche contraction.
Location: California’s San Joaquin Desert (SJD) is one of the world’s most agriculturally productive landscapes. Fragments of remnant habitat serve as habitat for 34 threatened and endangered species. Retirement of agricultural land in the SJD is being driven by climate change, groundwater salinization, and historical groundwater overdraft—even as unmitigated loss of virgin habitat continues.
Methods: To promote efficient habitat protection and restoration, we conducted a quantitative assessment of habitat suitability, habitat loss, climatic niche stability, projected effects of climate change, and reintroduction opportunities for an umbrella species, the endangered blunt-nosed leopard lizard (Gambelia sila).
Results: Analyses indicate that G. sila habitat overlaps with occurrence records for 128 vulnerable species and that its habitat is broadly representative of the habitat of other vulnerable species in the SJD. We document an apparent climatic niche contraction for G. sila and associated range contraction away from more mesic margins of the historical distribution, apparently driven by introduction of exotic grasses and forbs. We use habitat suitability models, in conjunction with modern and historical land use maps, to estimate historical and modern rate of habitat loss to development and fragmentation. We use NASA fallowed area maps to identify 610 km2 of fallowed or retired agricultural land with high potential to be restored as habitat. We discuss conservation strategies in light of anticipated climate change and potential for habitat restoration.
Main Conclusions: In the midst of multiple sources of historical and ongoing habitat loss, farmland retirement presents an opportunity to recover large amounts of endangered species habitat.
Estimating intraspecific genetic diversity from community DNA metabarcoding data
Authors: Elbrecht Vasco , Vamos Ecaterina Edith , Steinke Dirk , Leese Florian 
Published: March 2018

Background. DNA metabarcoding is used to generate species composition data for entire communities. However, sequencing errors in high throughput sequencing instruments are fairly common, usually requiring reads to be clustered into operational taxonomic units (OTU), losing information on intraspecific diversity in the process. While COI haplotype information is limited in resolution, it is nevertheless useful in a phylogeographic context, helping to formulate hypothesis on taxon dispersal.
Methods. This study combines sequence denoising strategies, normally applied in microbial research, with additional abundance-based filtering to extract haplotypes from freshwater macroinvertebrate metabarcoding data sets. This novel approach was added to the R package "JAMP" and can be applied to Cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) amplicon datasets. We tested our haplotyping method by sequencing i) a single-species mock community composed of 31 individuals with different haplotypes spanning three orders of magnitude in biomass and ii) 18 monitoring samples each amplified with four different primer sets and two PCR replicates.
Results. We detected all 15 haplotypes of the single specimens in the mock community with relaxed filtering and denoising settings. However, up to 480 additional unexpected haplotypes remained in both replicates. Rigorous filtering removes most unexpected haplotypes, but also can discard expected haplotypes mainly from the small specimens. In the monitoring samples, the different primer sets detected 177 - 200 OTUs, each containing an average of 2.40 to 3.30 haplotypes per OTU. Population structures were consistent between replicates, and similar between primer pairs, depending on the primer length. A closer look at abundant taxa in the data set revealed various population genetic patterns, e.g. Taeniopteryx nebulosa and Hydropsyche pellucidula with a difference in north-south haplotype distribution, while Oulimnius tuberculatus and Asellus aquaticus display no clear population pattern but differ in genetic diversity.
Discussion. We developed a strategy to infer intraspecific genetic diversity from bulk invertebrate monitoring samples using metabarcoding data. It needs to be stressed that at this point metabarcoding-informed haplotyping is not capable of capture the full diversity present in such samples, due to variation in specimen size, primer bias and loss of sequence variants with low abundance. Nevertheless, for a high number of species intraspecific diversity was recovered, identifying potentially isolated populations and potential taxa for further more detailed phylogeographic investigation. While we are currently lacking large-scale metabarcoding data sets to fully take advantage of our new approach, metabarcoding-informed haplotyping holds great promise for biomonitoring efforts that not only seek information about biological diversity but also underlying genetic diversity.
Nonvolatile Memory Device Based on Bipolar and Unipolar Resistive Switching in Bio‐Organic Aloe Polysaccharides Thin Film
Authors: Lim Zhe Xi , Cheong Kuan Yew 
Published: March 2018

AbstractGrowing environmental awareness has prompted a paradigm shift toward using green materials for various electronic applications. Bio‐organic materials are promising candidates attributable to their inherent biocompatibility, biodegradability, and environmental friendliness. Here, a nonvolatile memory device based on resistive switching in a bio‐organic polysaccharides film is presented. The polysaccharides are extracted from natural Aloe vera gel using facile alcohol precipitation. Optimal film deposition is achieved through spin‐coating followed by drying at 120 °C, which is higher than the usual processing temperature of commercial Aloe vera gel. Both bipolar and unipolar resistive switching can be induced in the polysaccharides film depending on the top electrode of the device. A comprehensive elucidation of the switching mechanism reveals the existence of various conduction processes that are electronic, electrochemical, and thermochemical in nature resulting in the unique resistive switching behaviors. The device is capable of delivering competitive performances, featuring wide read memory windows and large ON/OFF ratios that render it with potential as a next‐generation nonvolatile memory. The demonstration represents an important milestone toward the realization of green electronics.
Integration of the nasal complex: Implications for developmental and evolutionary change in modern humans
Authors: Holton Nathan E. , Piche Amanda , Yokley Todd R. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractObjectivesAssessing the strength of integration among different regions of the modern human nasal complex is important for developing a more thorough understanding of the determinants of nasal morphology. Given the morphogenetic influence of cartilage on adjacent intramembranous growth sites, the interaction between chondrocranial‐ versus intramembranous‐derived nasal structures may have a significant influence on patterns of nasal variation. The purpose of this study is to examine integration between the chondrocranial‐ and intramembranous‐derived regions of the nasal complex.Materials and methodsUsing computed tomograph (CT) scans, we collected three‐dimensional coordinate landmark data from a static adult sample (n = 62). First, using centroid size, and the symmetric and asymmetric components of shape variation, we examined the strength of integration between landmarks representing chondrocranial‐derived structures (e.g., ethmoid, external nasal cartilages) and landmarks representing intramembranous‐derived structures (nasal floor, anterior nasal aperture, etc.). Second, given that the strength of integration is a relative measure, we compared integration between chondrocranial‐ and intramembranous‐derived structures to the more modularized external and internal regions of the nasal complex.ResultsThere was significant moderate morphological integration between chondrocranial‐ versus intramembranous‐derived regions of the nasal complex. Moreover, integration between chondrocranial‐ versus intramembranous‐derived structures was consistently stronger when compared to external versus internal regions for both the symmetric and asymmetric components of variation. Thus, more covariation within the nasal complex could be explained by the relationship between chondrocranial‐ and intramembranous‐derived structures.ConclusionsOur results suggest that the interaction between chondrocranial‐ and intramembranous‐derived structures may be an important determinant in the patterning of nasal complex variation.