bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The influence of the levonorgestrel‐releasing intrauterine system position on bleeding patterns in reproductive age women
Authors: Alves Renata D.M.S. , Rabelo Maiara M. , Andrade Venandra R. , Cabral Renata C.S. , Merriman Joely W. , Brito Milena B. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo determine whether users of the non‐fundal levonorgestrel‐releasing intrauterine system (LNG‐IUS) present with unfavorable bleeding patterns more frequently than fundal LNG‐IUS users.MethodsA prospective cohort was conducted from June, 2016 to January, 2018 involving women aged 18–45 years who wished to use the LNG‐IUS as contraception and had no contraindications, endometrial polyps, submucosal myomas, irregular menstrual cycle, or anticoagulant use. Two study groups comprised women using fundal insertion and non‐fundal insertion LNG‐IUS. Bleeding was evaluated using a diary and pictogram chart.ResultsOf the 92 women who participated in the study, those with non‐fundal LNG‐IUS insertion sustained bleeding at rates greater than 83% (31) in the first 3 months of use, and 58% (14) at 6 months, versus 51% (22) at 3 months and 33% (19) at 6 months in those with fundal insertion (P=0.002 at 3 months; P=0.037 at 6 months). Blood loss in the non‐fundal LNG‐IUS group was higher than in the fundal LNG‐IUS group according to pictograms drawn by participants.ConclusionWomen with non‐fundal LNG‐IUS placement had a higher frequency of sustained bleeding and blood loss volume according to self‐reported charts than those with fundal LNG‐IUS placement.
Guanylate‐binding protein‐2 inhibits colorectal cancer cell growth and increases the sensitivity to paclitaxel of paclitaxel‐resistant colorectal cancer cells by interfering Wnt signaling
Authors: Wang Jing , Min Hui , Hu Bin , Xue Xiaorong , Liu Yufan 
Published: September 2019

AbstractAmong the GTPase family members, guanylate‐binding protein‐1 (GBP‐1) is the most thoroughly studied member in a plethora of human cancers. GBP‐2, on the other hand, remains limitedly studied. We wonder how GBP‐2 participates in colorectal carcinoma (CRC) as well as the paclitaxel (PTX)‐resistance of CRC. In this study, the authors are determined to dig into the role that GBP‐2 plays in the sensitivity of CRC to PTX, therefore, possibly indicating a promising gene therapy target for CRC. Forced expression of GBP‐2 gene was done by plasmid transfection. Reverse transcriptase‐polymerase chain reaction and immunoblot were conducted to detect the expression of GBP‐2 messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein, respectively. Colony foci formation assay, transwell invasion assay, and flow cytofluorometry were done to determine the proliferation, invasion, and apoptosis of PTX‐resistant and PTX‐sensitive CRC cell lines, respectively. The level of GBP‐2 mRNA and protein in PTX‐resistant CRC cell lines was significantly lower than in nonresistant cell lines. Forced exogenous expression of GBP‐2 in PTX‐resistant CRC cell lines resulted in more sensitivity to PTX because of the demonstration of less cell proliferation, invasion, and more apoptosis. Wnt signaling was suppressed when GBP‐2 was upregulated by transfection of GBP‐2 overexpression plasmids, and Wnt signaling did not affect GBP‐2 expression. GBP‐2 upregulation could enhance the killing effect of PTX in both PTX‐sensitive CRC cells and PTX‐resistant CRC cells by suppressing Wnt signaling.
Decreasing New York esophageal squamous cell carcinoma 1 expression inhibits multiple myeloma growth and osteolytic lesions
Authors: Li Fei , Zhao Fengshu , Li Miao , Pan Meng , Shi Fangfang , Xu Hui , Zheng Danfeng , Wang Ling , Dou Jun 
Published: September 2019

AbstractNew York esophageal squamous cell carcinoma 1 (NY‐ESO‐1) is aberrantly expressed in multiple myeloma (MM) patients, however, its role remains largely unknown. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of NY‐ESO‐1 knockdown on MM impact and provide evidence for targeting treatment of MM. Human MM U266 cells were infected with lentivirus‐based small hairpin RNA‐targeting NY‐ESO‐1 (LV‐shNY‐ESO‐1). Cellular proliferation, colony‐forming, migration, and invasion assays were employed. The expressions of cell cycle and epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT)‐related molecules, MM growth, and mouse osteolytic lesions were evaluated. The results showed that the LV‐shNY‐ESO‐1‐U266 cells had a lower expression of NY‐ESO‐1 and a higher expressions of p21 and E‐cadherin, and a weaker abilities of colony formation, drug‐resistant to adriamycin, migration, and invasion than those of the control cells. Importantly, the knockdown of NY‐ESO‐1 inhibited significantly the U266 cell‐induced MM growth and osteolytic lesions along with increasing the expressions of E‐cadherin, p21, and p53 in mice challenged with LV‐shNY‐ESO‐1‐U266 cells. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that knockdown of NY‐ESO‐1 suppressed the U266 cell‐induced MM growth and osteolytic lesions by inhibition of the MMs cell cycle and EMT. The NY‐ESO‐1 knockdown may be considered for future clinical trials in MM.
Osteonectin regulates the extracellular matrix mineralization of osteoblasts through P38 signaling pathway
Authors: Zhu Yun‐Sen , Gu Yong , Jiang Chang , Chen Liang 
Published: September 2019

AbstractOsteonectin binds strongly to type I collagen and hydroxyapatite and plays a crucial role in extracellular matrix mineralization. Previous studies have also shown that p38 signaling pathway is an important regulator for osteoblast mineralization. This study focused on the role of osteonectin in regulating extracellular matrix mineralization via the p38 signaling pathway. Osteoblasts were isolated and cultured from parietal bones of neonatal Sprague‐Dawley rats. The gene and protein expressions of noncollagen proteins (BSP, bone sialoprotein; OCN, osteocalcin; OPN, osteopontin), p38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase, and SIBLINGs (Small Integrin‐Binding LIgand N‐linked Glycoproteins) members (DMP1, dentine matrix protein 1, DSPP, dentin sialophosphoprotein, and MEPE, matrix extracellular phosphoglycoprotein) were detected by reverse‐transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis. Alizarin red staining, intracellular calcium assay, and transmission electron microscopy were used to detect mineralization. Initially, by adding osteonectin at different concentrations in osteoblasts and detecting the above mineralization indexes, 1 µg/ml was determined to be the optima osteonectin concentration, which significantly increased gene expressions of BSP, OPN, OCN, DMP1, MEPE, DSPP, and p38 in osteoblasts, p38 and p‐p38 protein expressions were also significantly increased, mineralized nodules were significantly enhanced; when added with SB203580 (a specific inhibitor for p38) these effects were inhibited. Furthermore, osteoblasts transfected with Ad‐p38 also significantly upregulated the protein and gene expressions of noncollagens and SIBLINGs members, whereas transfection of p38‐rhRNA showed the opposite effect. Our data suggest that osteonectin regulates the extracellular matrix mineralization of osteoblasts through the P38 signaling pathway.
S1PR3 deficiency alleviates radiation‐induced pulmonary fibrosis through the regulation of epithelial–mesenchymal transition by targeting miR‐495‐3p
Authors: Gong Linjing , Wu Xu , Li Xinyi , Ni Xiaoying , Gu Wenyu , Wang Xinyuan , Ji Haiying , Hu Lijuan , Zhu Lei 
Published: September 2019

AbstractRadiation‐induced pulmonary fibrosis (RIPF) is a life‐threatening complication of thoracic radiotherapy, which contributes to continued deterioration in pulmonary function. Sphingosine‐1 phosphate receptor 3 (S1PR3) has been identified as a crucial molecule in fibrosis. Accumulating evidence indicated that the inhibition of the S1PRs ameliorates fibrogenesis. Thus, this study aims to explore whether S1PR3 participates in RIPF and elucidates the molecular mechanisms underlying S1PR3‐modulated epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) in transforming growth factor‐β1‐induced pulmonary epithelia. A recombinant adeno‐associated viral‐mediated S1PR3 (AAV‐S1PR3) gene therapy analyzed the effect of S1PR3 gene deficiency on the altered histology structure and molecular mechanisms in the lung of mice with whole‐lung irradiation. Compared with the AAV‐negative control mice, AAV‐mediated S1PR3 knockdown in the lung of mice attenuated pulmonary fibrosis induced by the radiation, as indicated by the alleviation of collagen accumulation, lessened histopathological alterations, and the suppression of inflammatory cells infiltration. S1PR3 deficiency reversed the RIPF concomitantly with abrogated EMT‐related protein (α‐smooth muscle actin). Consistently, S1PR3‐deficient pulmonary epithelia inhibited the EMT process changes and fibrosis formation. Furthermore, S1PR3 was designated as one of the target genes for microRNA‐495‐3p (miR‐495‐3p). The inhibition of miR‐495‐3p promoted the expression of S1PR3 in pulmonary epithelia, whereas the overexpression of miR‐495‐3p inhibited the S1PR3/SMAD2/3 pathway and suppressed the EMT process. Collectively, miR‐495‐3p might be a negative regulator of the EMT process in fibrosis formation by inhibiting the targeted S1PR3 gene. These results established a link between the S1PR3 gene, the EMT process, and the fibrosis, suggesting the pharmacological blockage of S1PR3 as a potential therapeutic strategy for RIPF.
Malate–aspartate shuttle promotes l‐lactate oxidation in mitochondria
Authors: Altinok Oya , Poggio Juan L. , Stein David E. , Bowne Wilbur B. , Shieh Adrian C. , Snyder Nathaniel W. , Orynbayeva Zulfiya 
Published: September 2019

AbstractMetabolism in cancer cells is rewired to generate sufficient energy equivalents and anabolic precursors to support high proliferative activity. Within the context of these competing drives aerobic glycolysis is inefficient for the cancer cellular energy economy. Therefore, many cancer types, including colon cancer, reprogram mitochondria‐dependent processes to fulfill their elevated energy demands. Elevated glycolysis underlying the Warburg effect is an established signature of cancer metabolism. However, there are a growing number of studies that show that mitochondria remain highly oxidative under glycolytic conditions. We hypothesized that activities of glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation are coordinated to maintain redox compartmentalization. We investigated the role of mitochondria‐associated malate–aspartate and lactate shuttles in colon cancer cells as potential regulators that couple aerobic glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation. We demonstrated that the malate–aspartate shuttle exerts control over NAD+/NADH homeostasis to maintain activity of mitochondrial lactate dehydrogenase and to enable aerobic oxidation of glycolytic l‐lactate in mitochondria. The elevated glycolysis in cancer cells is proposed to be one of the mechanisms acquired to accelerate oxidative phosphorylation.
Evaluation of oral anticoagulants in atrial fibrillation patients over 80 years of age with nonsevere frailty
Authors: Shinohara Masaya , Wada Ryou , Yao Shintaro , Yano Kensuke , Akitsu Katsuya , Koike Hideki , Kinoshita Toshio , Yuzawa Hitomi , Suzuki Takeya , Fujino Tadashi , Ikeda Takanori 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe safety and efficacy of an oral anticoagulant (OAC) treatment and the difference between direct OACs (DOACs) and warfarin in nonsevere frail elderly patients with AF are unclear.MethodsThis was a retrospective and observational study of 354 patients over 80 years of age with nonsevere frailty who were diagnosed with AF and treated with OACs. Nonsevere frailty was defined as a clinical frailty scale score of <7. Bleeding and thromboembolic events during the OAC treatment were followed up.ResultsOf 354 patients enrolled, 273 (77.1%) received DOACs and 81 (22.9%) received warfarin. Of 273 patients receiving DOACs, there were 210 (76.9%) prescribed with appropriate doses of DOACs. Of 81 warfarin‐treated patients, 53 (65.4%) were prescribed an appropriate dose of warfarin. During a follow‐up of 33.1 (14.0‐51.0) months, 15 patients (1.5/100 person‐years) had bleeding events and 10 (1.0/100 person‐years) had thromboembolic events while on an OAC treatment. The incidence ratio of bleeding events in patients receiving DOACs was lower than that in those receiving warfarin (1.0/100 person‐years vs 2.9/100 person‐years, hazard ratio [HR]: 0.26, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.07‐0.91, P = .036). There was no significant difference in the incidence of thromboembolic events between the DOAC and warfarin treatment groups (0.88/100 person‐years vs 1.4/100 person‐years, HR: 0.63, 95% CI: 0.16‐2.57, P = .52).ConclusionsOACs are substantially safe and effective for preventing thromboembolic events in nonsevere frail patients over 80 years of age. Particularly, DOACs can be used more safely than warfarin.
A case of accessory pathway between the coronary sinus musculature and the left ventricle
Authors: Takenaka Sou , Suzuki Jun , Ueno Akihiko , Uchiyama Takashi 
Published: September 2019

AbstractA 64‐year‐old female underwent catheter ablation of long R‐P' tachycardia. Ventricular pacing exhibited retrograde conduction with an identical atrial activation sequence as during tachycardia because of an accessory pathway (AP) with a long VA conduction. A radiofrequency application within the posterior coronary sinus (CS) could achieve a change of activation pattern from distal‐to‐proximal to proximal‐to‐distal within CS proximal to the ablation site, caused by conduction block of CS musculature (CSM) at the proximal site. This phenomenon could explain that this AP was connected between the CSM and the left ventricle, in site far away from the discrete connection between the left atrium and CSM.
Effects of different statistical distribution and threshold criteria in extreme precipitation modelling over global land areas
Authors: Wang Zhenni , Wen Xin , Lei Xiaohui , Tan Qiaofeng , Fang Guohua , Zhang Xinyi 
Published: September 2019

AbstractIn statistical modelling of extreme precipitation, most of previous studies were proposed for some certain regions, the effects of diverse extreme distribution and threshold remain unclear on a global scale. In this study, we evaluated the performance of different extreme distribution and threshold across the global land areas, and proposed the optimal criteria in distribution and threshold determination for monthly extreme precipitation modelling. The performance of the generalized extreme value (GEV) distribution and generalized Pareto distribution (GPD) models were compared and the applicability of GPD models with thresholds determined by different percentiles in each grid was analysed. The results show that the GPD model is more suitable than the GEV model for monthly extreme precipitation, and the threshold over global land areas is likely to be associated with the spatial distribution of annual precipitation magnitude. The 97–99th percentile is most applicable to arid regions (e.g., the northern edge of North America, central Asia, North Africa, southwest Asia, central South America). The 93–96th percentile is most applicable to semi‐arid and semi‐humid regions (e.g., eastern North America, a strip region in northern Eurasia, and inland semi‐arid areas in Asia). The 90–92 percentile is most applicable to humid regions (e.g., central and southern North America, most areas in South America, Eurasia [except central Eurasia], southern and central Africa).
How has the presence of an increasingly more global labor market softened the impact of the financial crisis 2008 for the U.K. economy?
Authors: Floyd David 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe changing labor market and a global labor force have helped keep costs down. This has helped reduce the impact of the recent financial crisis. Technological development has also contributed to this process. Policies have been adopted to open up global labor markets. Reforms have been made to make labor markets more flexible. This article considers the main factors that have motivated workers to go abroad. It also looks at the impact of a more diverse workforce on the economy since the financial crisis. The article draws on theories of mobility, employment, and global migration reports. Evidence would suggest that providing flexibility in the labor market is one of the keys to recovery from the financial crisis.
Exploring consumer mobile payment adoption in the bottom‐of‐the‐pyramid context: A qualitative study
Authors: Hasan Rajibul , Liu Yinggang , Kitchen Philip J. , Rahman Mizan 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThis article investigates the factors influencing mobile payment in China's bottom‐of‐the‐pyramid (BOP) market via in‐depth interviews with mobile payment users in several geographic regions in China. This article investigates factors influencing mobile payment adoption in the BOP context. The results show that product bundling, after‐sale services, interference from other institutions, perceived corporate integrity, and monopoly and information opaqueness can influence mobile payment adoption in the BOP context. The findings will help practitioners understand and improve mobile payment adoption in the BOP context.
The use of information by financial analysts during a financial crisis
Authors: Tan Kheng Lee , Imam Shahed , Babu Mujahid Mohiuddin 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThis study examines the relevance of information set in sell‐side analysts' publicly available reports during the recent financial crisis. Prior studies suggest that analysts use more nonfinancial than financial information to support stock recommendations but there is little academic research on what information is relevant to them during periods of serious economic stress. We analyzed 90 analysts' reports from three subperiods (a) precrisis (2006–2007), (b) crisis (2007–2009), and (c) postcrisis (2009–2010). Our findings suggest that during the crisis period, analysts focus more on specific sets of information such as cost control and strength of management whereas in the noncrisis period they focus more on information related to earnings and market outlook. The importance of the interdependency of financial and nonfinancial information is evident in their recommendation especially in crisis and postcrisis period as we find joint use of both set of information to support their recommendations. We conclude that although nonfinancial information may have been used more frequently and jointly to support recommendations, it is financial information which ultimately guides analysts' recommendations both in good times and in bad.
Simultaneous separation and determination of thallium in water samples by high‐performance liquid chromatography with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry
Authors: Zhao Yuexin , Cheng Fang , Men Bin , He Yi , Xu Hui , Yang Xiaofang , Wang Dongsheng 
Published: September 2019

AbstractAn analytical method for separation and determination of thallium species in water using high‐performance liquid chromatography with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry was developed. The composition and concentration of mobile phase, injection volume, and pH value were optimized respectively with an anion or cation exchange column. The results showed that Tl(I) and Tl(III) were effectively separated using anion exchange column Hamilton PRP‐X100, with the mobile phase consisting of 200 mmol/L ammonium acetate and 10 mmol/L diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (pH = 4.2). When using a Dionex cation exchange guard column, CS12A, 15 mmol/L HNO3, and 3 mmol/L diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid as the mobile phase, Tl(I) and Tl(III) could be effectively separated. The detection limits of the methods were 3–6 and 9–12 ng/L, respectively. In a solution containing Fe ions and oxalic acid, a significant quantity of Tl(I) was oxidized. Fe ions and oxalic acid in the water samples did not interfere with high‐performance liquid chromatography‐inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry measurement results.
Imaging characteristics and clinical outcomes of biphenotypic sinonasal sarcoma
Authors: Miglani Amar , Lal Devyani , Weindling Steven M. , Wood Christopher P. , Hoxworth Joseph M. 
Published: September 2019

ObjectivesBiphenotypic sinonasal sarcoma (BSS) is a new, rare tumor characterized by concomitant neural and myogenic differentiation. The aim of this study is to describe the imaging characteristics and clinical outcomes of this neoplasm.MethodsA retrospective review of BSS patients surgically treated within a tertiary academic health care system was performed. Imaging characteristics and clinical outcomes were reviewed.ResultsFive patients underwent surgical resection of BSS tumors. Negative surgical margins were achieved in four (80%) patients. There were no deaths but two (40%) patients developed local recurrences during the postoperative follow‐up period (median follow‐up 31.4 months). Review of imaging characteristics revealed a median tumor size of 3.8 cm in greatest dimension. All tumors were unilateral and centered within the nasoethmoidal region. In all cases, the tumors extended to the nasal septum, lamina papyracea, and anterior skull base with variable degrees of erosion through these structures. On CT, involved bony structures demonstrated mixed lytic and sclerotic pattern, with definitive hyperostotic bone identified in four (80%) cases. On MRI, tumors were isointense‐to‐mixed iso/hypointense on both T1‐ and T2‐weighted sequences with one tumor demonstrating mixed T2 hyperintensity. All cases demonstrated gadolinium contrast enhancement.ConclusionsBSS is a locally aggressive tumor with a low risk of regional or distant metastases but has a significant rate of recurrence even with adequate resection. Despite its rarity, BSS should be considered in the differential diagnosis when imaging demonstrates a unilateral nasoethmoidal mass that is predominantly isointense to cerebral gray matter on T2‐weighted MRI and is hyperostotic on CT.Level of Evidence4
Hierarchical Functionalized Polymeric‐Ceramic Coatings on Mg‐Ca Alloys for Biodegradable Implant Applications
Authors: Santos‐Coquillat Ana , Martínez‐Campos Enrique , Vargas‐Alfredo Nelson , Arrabal Raúl , Rodríguez‐Hernández Juan , Matykina Endzhe 
Published: September 2019

AbstractMagnesium‐based implants present several advantages for clinical applications, in particular due to their biocompatibility and degradability. However, degradation products can affect negatively the cell activity. In this work, a combined coating strategy to control the implant degradation and cell regulation processes is evaluated, including plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) that produces a 13 µm‐thick Ca, P, and Si containing ceramic coating with surface porosity, and breath figures (BF) approach that produces a porous polymeric poly(ε‐caprolactone) surface. The degradation of PCL‐PEO‐coated Mg hierarchical scaffold can be tailored to promote cell adhesion and proliferation into the porous structure. As a result, cell culture can colonize the inner PEO‐ceramic coating structure where higher amount of bioelements are present. The Mg/PEO/PCL/BF scaffolds exhibit equally good or better premyoblast cell adhesion and proliferation compared with Ti CP control. The biological behavior of this new hierarchical functionalized scaffold can improve the implantation success in bone and cardiovascular clinical applications.