bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nutritional applications and beneficial health applications of green tea and l‐theanine in some animal species: A review
Authors: Alagawany Mahmoud , Abd El‐Hack Mohamed E. , Saeed Muhammad , Naveed Muhammad , Arain Muhammad A. , Arif Muhammad , Tiwari Ruchi , Khandia Rekha , Khurana Sandip K. , Karthik Kumaragurubaran , Yatoo Mohd. I. , Munjal Ashok , Bhatt Prakash , Sharun Khan , Iqbal Hafiz M. N. , Sun Chao , Dhama Kuldeep 
Published: October 2019

AbstractGreen tea (Camellia sinensis) is a popular herbal plant with abundant health benefits, and thus, it has been used as a potent antioxidant for a long time. Based on the available literature, the diversity and the availability of multifunctional compounds in green tea offer its noteworthy potential against many diseases such as liver and heart diseases, inflammatory conditions and different metabolic syndromes. Owing to its bioactive constituents including caffeine, amino acids, l‐theanine, polyphenols/flavonoids and carbohydrates among other potent molecules, green tea has many pharmacological and physiological effects. The effects of green tea include anti‐oxidative, anti‐inflammatory, anti‐arthritic, anti‐stress, hypolipidaemic, hypocholesterolaemic, skin/collagen protective, hepatoprotective, anti‐diabetic, anti‐microbial, anti‐infective, anti‐parasitic, anti‐cancerous, inhibition of tumorigenesis and angiogenesis, anti‐mutagenic, and memory and bone health‐improving activities. Apart from its utilization in humans, green tea has also played a significant role in livestock production such as in dairy, piggery, goatry and poultry industries. Supplementation of animal feeds with green tea and its products is in line with the modern concepts of organic livestock production. Hence, incorporating green tea or green tea by‐products into the diet of poultry and other livestock can enhance the value of the products obtained from these animals. Herein, an effort is made to extend the knowledge on the importance and useful applications of green tea and its important constituents in animal production including poultry. This review will be a guideline for researchers and entrepreneurs who want to explore the utilization of feeds supplemented with green tea and green tea by‐products for the enhancement of livestock production.
Effects of low‐frequency intravaginal electrical stimulation on female urinary incontinence, quality of life, and urinary symptoms: A pilot study
Authors: Bae Sangrak , Lee Kyu Won , Jeong Hyun Cheol , Park Bong Hee , Bae Woong Jin , Lee Yong Seok , Han Chang Hee , Kang Sung Hak , Kim Sae Woong 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThis study investigated the effects of a low‐frequency home‐based incontinence therapy device on quality of life (QoL) and urinary symptoms in women with urinary incontinence. From May 2017 to February 2018, 34 patients, aged ≥ 20 years, with involuntary urine leakage >2 times/week, were recruited to this study. Patients with severe pelvic organ prolapse, pregnancy, virgin status, and psychological problems were excluded. The incontinence home‐care device treatments were administered in 12‐minute sessions, twice daily for 8 weeks. Simultaneously, hyperthermic conditions of 35°C to 40°C and microvibrations were administered. All patients completed urinary incontinence questionnaires (King's Health Questionnaire [KHQ], Bristol Female Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms [BFLUTS] questionnaire, and the Overactive Bladder Symptom Score [OABSS]) before treatment, as well as 4 and 8 weeks into treatment. Changes in the questionnaire responses over time were compared. Two participants dropped out of the study and there was one screening failure, leaving 31 patients for analysis. After 4 weeks treatment, there were significant improvements in symptoms, such as role limitation, physical limitation, social limitation, personal relationship, emotion, sleep/energy, and severity measures. After 8 weeks treatment, almost all parameters on the KHQ revealed symptomatic improvement. On the BFLUTS, voiding times during activity, nocturia, urgency, urge incontinence, incontinence frequency, stress incontinence, volume leakage, strain to start, intermittency, reduced stream, acute retention, incomplete emptying, and stopping flow showed significant improvements. On the OABSS, almost all storage symptoms improved. Low‐frequency electrical stimulation devices were effective at improving urinary incontinence, which became evident as the duration of treatment increased. Improvement of urgency and frequency was more evident after treatment.
Breastfeeding progression in late preterm infants from birth to one month
Authors: Jónsdóttir Rakel B. , Jónsdóttir Helga , Skúladóttir Arna , Thorkelsson Thordur , Flacking Renée 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThis study aimed to describe and compare breastfeeding progression, infants' feeding behaviours, maternal feeding difficulties, and mothers' usage of breastfeeding interventions for singleton late preterm (LPT) and term infants. A further aim was to identify associated factors for exclusive breastfeeding at breast at 1 month in LPT infants. This was a cohort study where mothers of LPT infants from a neonatal unit (n= 60), LPT infants from a maternity unit (n= 62), and term infants from a maternity unit (n= 269) answered a questionnaire approximately 1 month after delivery. Findings showed no significant differences in exclusive breastfeeding at breasts between LPT infants admitted to the neonatal unit compared with the maternity unit, during the first week at home (38% vs. 48%), or at 1 month of age (52% vs. 50%). Term infants were more likely to be exclusively breastfed at the breast (86% and 74%,p< 0.05) compared with LPT infants. Multiple regression analysis showed that usage of a nipple shield, not feeding breast milk exclusively during the first week at home, or feeding less than 10 times per day at 1 month were statistically significant for not exclusively breastfeed at the breast. A protective factor was the mothers' experience of having an abundance of milk during the first week at home. In conclusion, LPT infants are less likely to be exclusively breastfed at the breast than term infants, highlighting the need for further research to guide interventions aimed at optimising exclusive breastfeeding rates.
Interactions between immune response to fungal infection and microRNAs: The pioneer tuners
Authors: Pakshir Keyvan , Badali Hamid , Nami Sanam , Mirzaei Hamed , Ebrahimzadeh Veghar , Morovati Hamid 
Published: October 2019

SummaryDue to their physiological and biological characteristics, numerous fungi are potentially emerging pathogens. Active dynamicity of fungal pathogens causes life‐threatening infections annually impose high costs to the health systems. Although immune responses play crucial roles in controlling the fate of fungal infections, immunocompromised patients are at high risk with high mortality. Tuning the immune response against fungal infections might be an effective strategy for controlling and reducing the pathological damages. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are known as the master regulators of immune response. These single‐stranded tuners (18‐23 bp non‐coding RNAs) are endogenously expressed by all metazoan eukaryotes and have emerged as the master gene expression controllers of at least 30% human genes. In this review article, following the review of biology and physiology (biogenesis and mechanism of actions) of miRNAs and immune response against fungal infections, the interactions between them were scrutinised. In conclusion, miRNAs might be considered as one of the potential goals in immunotherapy for fungal infections. Undoubtedly, advanced studies in this field, further identifying of miRNA roles in governing the immune response, pave the way for inclusion of miRNA‐related immunotherapeutic in the treatment of life‐threatening fungal infections.
A spatial landscape scale approach for estimating erosion, water quantity, and quality in response to South Dakota grassland conversion
Authors: Menendez Hector M. , Wuellner Melissa R. , Turner Benjamin L. , Gates Roger N. , Dunn Barry H. , Tedeschi Luis O. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractConversion of grassland to cropland has been linked to many complex environmental challenges in natural resource systems. South Dakota is a mosaic of grasslands, wetlands, and cropland that has experienced tremendous land use change over the past 10 years and is expected to continue for the next 50 years. The rate of future conversion may vary greatly depending on economic, policy, and social factors. Land conversion influences cumulative erosion from arable soils which could impact hydrologic flow and water quality. Quantifying future changes for these three externalities is important to understand the possible long‐term consequences of grassland conversion. A system dynamics model was developed to address the dynamic complexity of these natural resource systems by capturing its structure and behavior and was able to adequately replicate historical changes in erosion, discharge, and total suspended solids from 1947 to 2012.Recommendations for resource managersResource managers should apply this tool for problems that require quantitative assessment of environmental consequences to be coupled with economic, policy, and social factors that influence long‐term land‐use change decisions.The model can be used to evaluate alternative policies and indicate the magnitude of change for three critical environmental factors using different long‐term grassland conversion, climate, and tillage (conservation and conventional) patterns.Model output of four spatially explicit water‐catchments that span South Dakota from east to west: Big Sioux, James, Bad, and Belle Fourche rivers can be used to quantify differences between unique natural resource systems.The model is adequate for the purpose of generating forecast for future annual erosion (t·ha−1·year−1), discharge (million cubic meters), and total suspended solids (mg/L) under different potential future grassland conversion rates and should be leveraged by managers to gain insight into future landscape scale consequences of grassland conversion in South Dakota.Potential for additional natural resource applications.
Evidence of strong gene flow among French populations of the carrot cyst nematode Heterodera carotae
Authors: Esquibet M. , Gautier C. , Piriou C. , Grenier E. , Fournet S. , Montarry J. 
Published: October 2019

The recent ban of the most efficient chemical nematicides has left growers without methods for controlling the carrot cyst nematode Heterodera carotae. This phytoparasitic nematode species has a very narrow host range and causes severe crop losses in the main carrot‐growing regions worldwide. The development of alternative means of management of H. carotae is thus essential, and knowledge is required about the adaptive abilities of H. carotae, which mainly depend on gene flow among populations. The goal of this study was to describe the genetic structure of H. carotae populations at the spatial scale of the main infested French carrot‐producing region, i.e. Lower Normandy, and to disentangle the causes of the heterozygote deficit in this polyvoltine species. Microsatellite genotyping of populations collected at both the plant and field scales showed that: (i) the heterozygote deficit is mainly due to substructure; and (ii) there is strong gene flow among populations, leading to low FST and to no clear genetic structure at the spatial scale explored here. Soil transport through both agricultural machinery and the transport of leek seedlings is probably responsible for the very strong H. carotae migration among fields and production areas. Measures should be considered to limit the passive spread of H. carotae.
Is corruption a greater burden for registered MSEs? Evidence from Zambia
Authors: Clarke George R. G. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIf corrupt bureaucrats target registered firms, then corruption may discourage registration. Using data from a survey of 4,801 micro and small enterprises (MSEs) in Zambia, this paper looks at whether corruption is a more or less serious problem for registered MSEs. Consistent with earlier studies, the results suggest registered MSEs are more concerned about corruption than unregistered firms are. The paper also proposes two reasons why corruption might affect registered MSEs differently than it affects unregistered firms. We first suggest that registered firms might meet with government officials more often than unregistered firms, giving corrupt officials more opportunities to demand bribes from them, but we also suggest that registered firms might be less vulnerable when officials demand bribes because they are more able to complain about bribe demands. This could offset registered firms' disadvantage because of more frequent meetings. The evidence supports the first, but not the second, hypothesis. Registered firms were more likely to meet with government officials but were not consistently less likely to pay bribes when they did meet with them.
The response of potato crop to the spatiotemporal variability of soil compaction under centre pivot irrigation system
Authors: Edrris Mohamed K. , Al‐Gaadi Khalid A. , Hassaballa Abdalhaleem A. , Tola ElKamil 
Published: October 2019

AbstractPrecision agriculture techniques were employed to study the impact of the spatiotemporal variations of soil compaction on the performance of potato crop during its various growth stages. The study has been conducted on a 30 ha centre pivot irrigated potato field, located in Wadi Al‐Dawasir area in Saudi Arabia. In situ soil compaction measurements were collected, in conjunction with Sentinel‐2A satellite data, and correlated spatiotemporally against potato crop growth and yield parameters. The univariate and bivariate Moran's function (Moran's I), the linear regression and the analysis of variance (ANOVA) techniques were used to analyse the data and examine the interrelationships. The spatial correlations between the measured variables revealed high clustering, producing Moran's I of 0.87, 0.79 and 0.57 for soil compaction, yield and normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), respectively. Compaction‐yield relationship revealed a relatively high significant negative spatial correlation (Moran's I = 0.68). While, the spatial correlation between the average values of compaction and NDVI has negatively produced a Moran's I value of 0.45 (at 0.001 significance level), when 999 permutations were tested for all relationships. A significant positive correlation was observed between high compaction and high proportion of small size tubers, with R2 and P > F values of 0.65 and .0001, respectively. In contrast, a significant negative correlation has been obtained between high compaction and high proportion of large size tubers, with R2 and P > F values of 0.57 and .0001, respectively. Understanding the causes of disparity in the productivity of agricultural fields will help decision‐makers and farmers to take proactive actions towards better agricultural practices.
Did the “Autochthonous” European foreland of Corsica Island (France) experience Alpine subduction?
Authors: Di Rosa Maria , Frassi Chiara , Marroni Michele , Meneghini Francesca , Pandolfi Luca 
Published: October 2019

AbstractDespite the important role played by the Sardinia‐Corsica block in the reconstruction of the Western Mediterranean geodynamics, the extent of involvement of the “Autochthonous” European margin exposed in Corsica (France) (i.e., Hercynian Corsica) in the Alpine orogeny remains uncertain. Stratigraphic and sedimentological studies in the post‐Variscan deposits on the Hercynian Corsica are scarce and even scarcer are the structural and metamorphic constraints. To face these uncertainties, we present new stratigraphic, structural and metamorphic data from the area of Razzo Bianco, Central Corsica, where a complete sequence belonging to the European continental margin is exposed. Field and structural investigations demonstrate that the sequence represents the easternmost edge of the downgoing European plate. Metamorphic studies on the Eocene deposits indicate that the margin was buried at depth up to blueschist facies conditions and, subsequently, it was progressively exhumed mainly through the activation of oblique top‐to‐the NW shear zones.
Data mining for traffic information
Authors: Clague Michael J. , Urbé Sylvie 
Published: October 2019

AbstractModern cell biology is now rich with data acquired at the whole genome and proteome level. We can add value to this data through integration and application of specialist knowledge. To illustrate, we will focus on the SNARE and RAB proteins; key regulators of intracellular fusion specificity and organelle identity. We examine published mass spectrometry data to gain an estimate of protein copy number and organelle distribution in HeLa cells for each family member. We also survey recent global CRISPR/Cas9 screens for essential genes from these families. We highlight instances of co‐essentiality with other genes across a large panel of cell lines that allows for the identification of functionally coherent clusters. Examples of such correlations include RAB10 with the SNARE protein Syntaxin4 (STX4) and RAB7/RAB21 with the WASH and the CCC (COMMD/CCDC22/CCDC93) complexes, both of which are linked to endosomal recycling pathways.
The challenge of personalized cell biology: The example of microvillus inclusion disease
Authors: Goldenring James R. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractWhole exome sequencing now provides a tool for rapid analysis of patients manifesting congenital diseases. Congenital diarrheal diseases provide a critical example of the challenges of combining identification of genetic mutations responsible for disease with characterization of the cell biological and cell physiological deficits observed in patients. Recent studies exploring the cellular events associated with loss of functional Myosin 5B (MYO5B) have demonstrated the importance of cell biological and physiological analyses to provide a greater understanding of the implications of pathological mutations. Development of enteroids derived from biopsies of patients with complex congenital diarrheal diseases provides a critical resource for evaluation of the cell biological impact of specific monogenic mutations on enterocyte function. The ability to identify putative causative mutations for congenital disease now provides an opportunity to coordinate the efforts of physicians and cell biologists in an effort to provide patients with personalized cell biology analysis to improve patient diagnosis and treatment.
First do no harm: iron loss in whole blood donors
Authors: Sweegers Maike G. , van Kraaij Marian G.J. , van den Hurk Katja 
Published: October 2019

AbstractFrequent whole blood donations are known to be related to iron deficiency, potentially leading to donor deferral and iron deficiency‐related symptoms. To ensure that blood donation causes no harm to the donor, it is of importance for blood collection centres to gain insight in whole blood donors’ iron status, how that affects donor health and by what means low iron stores in blood donors should be managed. Since haemoglobin levels do not reflect donors’ true iron status, measuring ferritin might be a better way to detect low iron stores. International consensus on an appropriate strategy for iron monitoring is currently lacking. Multiple strategies for iron monitoring of whole blood donors are available, including haemoglobin‐ or ferritin‐guided donation intervals and iron supplementation. Studies from the USA and Denmark showed that on the introduction of ferritin‐guided donation intervals or iron supplementation, deferral percentages for low haemoglobin declined in both male and female donors. However, implementing an iron monitoring strategy may introduce its own challenges in donor management and donor availability. Here, we present the prevalence and determinants of iron deficiency in blood donors and describe subgroups of donors who may be more prone to iron deficiency. Furthermore, we provide an overview of possible strategies for iron monitoring and describe challenges and implications. Possible adverse events associated with iron deficiency in whole blood donors should be further investigated to evaluate the potential harm to the donor. Evidence‐based insight in measures to prevent iron deficiency could help to develop an appropriate iron monitoring strategy.
CT angiographic changes in dogs with acute pancreatitis: A prospective longitudinal study
Authors: French John M. , Twedt David C. , Rao Sangeeta , Marolf Angela J. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractComputed tomographic angiography (CTA) has recently been shown to be a useful tool in the diagnosis of acute canine pancreatitis, the identification of pancreatic necrosis, and the detection of sequelae. Evidence of pancreatic necrosis on CTA has been shown to be correlated with a poorer outcome in both humans and dogs and early diagnosis and intervention may improve outcomes. In humans, pancreatic necrosis is typically evident on CTA within 48 h of clinical signs, thus, repeat CTA examinations are often performed to identify pancreatic necrosis that may not have been evident on CTA examinations performed early in the course of disease. Published information investigating the timing of CTA examinations and the use of serial CTA in dogs with acute pancreatitis is lacking. In this prospective, longitudinal study, CTA examinations were performed at the time of hospitalization and repeated 3‐5 days later in 11 dogs suffering from acute canine pancreatitis to determine if pancreatic necrosis or sequelae are under diagnosed on examinations performed at the time of hospitalization. Computed tomographic angiography studies were evaluated for changes in pancreatic size, pancreatic contrast enhancement, and peri‐pancreatic tissues and vessels. The only statistically significant difference between the initial and repeat CTA examinations was the improvement of fat stranding on the repeat CTA examinations (P < .045). Based on these results, CTA performed at the time of admission is likely adequate in the diagnosis and evaluation of dogs with acute pancreatitis. Repeat CTA examinations are unlikely to add additional information in the absence of worsening clinical signs.
A Femoral Clamp to Reduce Soft Tissue Artifact: Accuracy and Reliability in Measuring Three-Dimensional Knee Kinematics During Gait
Authors: Ding Ziyun , Güdel Manuela , Smith Samuel H. L. , Ademefun Richard A. , Bull Anthony M. J. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The accurate measurement of full six degrees-of-freedom (6DOFs) knee joint kinematics is prohibited by soft tissue artifact (STA), which remains the greatest source of error. The purpose of this study was to present and assess a new femoral clamp to reduce STA at the thigh. It was hypothesized that the device can preserve the natural knee joint kinematics pattern and outperform a conventional marker mounted rigid cluster during gait. Six healthy subjects were asked to walk barefoot on level ground with a cluster marker set (cluster gait) followed by a cluster-clamp-merged marker set (clamp gait) and their kinematics was measured using the cluster method in cluster gait and the cluster and clamp methods simultaneously in clamp gait. Two operators performed the gait measurement. A 6DOFs knee joint model was developed to enable comparison with the gold standard knee joint kinematics measured using a dual fluoroscopic imaging technique. One-dimensional (1D) paired t-tests were used to compare the knee joint kinematics waveforms between cluster gait and clamp gait. The accuracy was assessed in terms of the root-mean-square error (RMSE), coefficient of determination, and Bland–Altman plots. Interoperator reliability was assessed using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). The result showed that the femoral clamp did not change the walking speed and knee joint kinematics waveforms. Additionally, clamp gait reduced the rotation and translation errors in the transverse plane and improved the interoperator reliability when compared to the rigid cluster method, suggesting a more accurate and reliable measurement of knee joint kinematics.