bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Problemfälle in der Behandlung mit Schilddrüsenhormonen aus endokrinologischer Sicht: Persistierende Beschwerden unter einer T4-Monotherapie der Hypothyreose
Authors: Derwahl Michael 
Published: September 2019

ZusammenfassungEtwas 5 – 15 % hypothyreoter Patienten sind unter einer L-Thyroxin-Therapie trotz eines TSH-Wertes im Referenzbereich nicht beschwerdefrei. Für diese Patienten wurde eine zusätzliche Behandlung mit einem T3-Präparat bzw. eine T3-/T4-Kombinationstherapie vorgeschlagen. Eine Metaanalyse von 11 randomizierten klinischen Studie, die eine Monotherapie mit T4 mit eine T3-/T4-Kombinationstherapie verglichen haben, konnte jedoch keine Besserung der Symptome unter einer T3-/T4-Kombinationstherapie nachweisen. Ein Problem bei der Definition der klinischen Euthyreose besteht jedoch darin, dass sie auf der Messung von TSH unter Berücksichtigung von FT3 und FT4 beruht, jedoch die zelluläre Euthyreose nicht berücksichtigt. Der überwiegende Anteil von T3 entsteht aber aus T4 durch periphere Konversion im Gewebe. Molekulargenetische Untersuchungen deuten daraufhin, dass die zelluläre Euthyreose durch Polymorphismen der Gene für Schilddrüsenhormontransporter, die T3 und T4 in die Zelle transportieren, oder in Genen für Deiodinasen, die T4 zu T3 umwandeln, beeinträchtigt sein kann. Die klinische Relevanz dieser molekularen Alterationen lässt sich aber direkt kaum nachweisen. Allerdings hat eine kürzlich publizierte Studie zeigen können, dass Patienten mit Polymorphismen im Deiodinase 2 und noch ausgeprägter bei zusätzlichem Polymorphismus im MTC10-Transportergen unter einer T3-/T4-Kombinationstherapie weniger Beschwerden aufweisen. Die Amerikanische Schilddrüsengesellschaft lehnt in ihren Leitlinien eine solche Therapie außerhalb von Studien ab, während die Europäische Schilddrüsengesellschaft eine T3-/T4-Kombinationstherapie als Therapieversuch bei persistierenden Beschwerden akzeptiert. In jedem Fall ist es wichtig bei einer solchen Therapie die Kontraindikationen (Alter, kardiovaskuläre Erkrankungen) zu berücksichtigen.
Perkutane Strahlentherapie der endokrinen Orbitopathie
Authors: Schultze Jürgen , Lützen Ulf , Dunst Jürgen 
Published: September 2019

ZusammenfassungDie externe Strahlenbehandlung der endokrinen Orbitopathie ist eine strahlentherapeutische Routinebehandlung. Gleichwohl sind die Zuweisungen zu dieser Therapie zurückgegangen.Wirkmechanismus der Strahlentherapie ist die Suppression der Lymphozyten und Fibroblasten, die durch eine Autoimmunreaktion aktiviert wurden und zu einer konsekutiven, raumfordernden Verdickung der Augenmuskeln führen.Für die Behandlung einer Entzündungsreaktion im Frühstadium reichen Einzeldosen von 0,3 Gy und Gesamtdosen von 2,4 Gy aus, chronischere Fälle benötigen Einzeldosen von 2 Gy bis zu einer Gesamtdosis von 18 Gy.Eine Befundbesserung wird in 80 % der Fälle erreicht. In bis zu 91 % der Fälle kann eine Kortikoidmedikation beendet oder reduziert werden.Deshalb sollte die externe Strahlentherapie der endokrinen Orbitopathie zukünftig leitliniengerecht wieder häufiger Anwendung finden.
Lhermitte-Duclos Disease and Cowden Syndrome: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Ideta Mylena Miki Lopes , Paschoalino Mylla Christie Oliveira , Oliveira Louise Makarem , Santos Nelson Brancaccio dos , Sanz Marco Rodrigo Valdivia , Amorim Robson Luis Oliveira de 
Published: September 2019

AbstractLhermitte-Duclos disease (LDD), also known as dysplastic gangliocytoma of the cerebellum, is a rare, usually benign, slow-growing tumor, that commonly affects patients aged 30 to 50 years-old. The manifestations of dysplastic cerebellar gangliocytoma are nonspecific and are related both to the mass effect produced by its growth and to the location of the lesion. Cerebellar symptoms such as ataxia are often present. In 40% of cases, the tumor is associated with Cowden syndrome, which is part of a group of genetic disorders called polypoid hamartoma complex. In this case report, the patient presented expansive lesion in the posterior fossa, compatible with LDD, associated with macrocephaly. These findings are considered major criteria for Cowden syndrome. When together, they confirm the diagnoses. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the association of LDD and Cowden syndrome in Brazil.
The Natural History of the Anteriorly Dislocated Total Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: Leung Nicky L. , Talmo Carl T. , Bono Olivia J. , Craven Charles E. , Bakhos Nader A. , Bono James V. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractDislocation with instability is one of the most frequent causes of early failure and subsequent revision following primary total hip arthroplasty. However, anterior hip dislocation has been shown to be a relatively infrequent event and there are little data on outcomes of patients with these types of dislocation. The purpose of the current study was to assess the functional outcomes and survival of the prosthetic hip in patients who have sustained an anterior dislocation and to compare these results with a similar cohort of patients who have sustained a posterior dislocation. The charts and radiographs of patients sustaining an anterior dislocation following primary total hip arthroplasty were reviewed at an average of 7 years after the index procedure. Redislocation rate, revision status, and function as assessed by the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Index of Osteoarthritis (WOMAC) were examined. These were compared with an age- and gender-matched cohort of patients who had sustained a posterior dislocation. Patients sustaining an anterior dislocation were found to have a mean acetabular anteversion of 36 degrees, compared with 25.6 degrees in patients who had sustained a posterior dislocation. However, this did not result in any difference in revision rate or WOMAC score at the time of follow-up. The current evidence shows us that a single-posterior dislocation does not preclude a satisfactory long-term outcome. Based on their data, the authors feel it would be appropriate to counsel patients that a single-anterior dislocation also does not preclude a satisfactory outcome.
The direction of the d-vector in a nematic triplet superconductor
Authors: Yang Lin , Wang Qiang-Hua 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
We investigate the states of triplet pairing in a candidate nematic superconductor versus typical material parameters, using the mean field theory for two- and three-dimensional tight-binding models with local triplet pairing in the E

u
representation of the D
3d, the point group of the system. In the two-dimensional model, the system favors the fully gapped chiral state for weaker warping or lower filling level, while a nodal and nematic

Δ

4
x

state is favorable for stronger warping or higher filling, with the d-vector aligned along the principle axis. In the presence of lattice distortion, relative elongation along one of the principle axes,

a

, tends to rotate the nematic d-vector orthogonal to

a

, resulting in the nematic

Δ

4
y

state at sufficient elongation. Three-dimensionality is seen to suppress the chiral state in favor of the nematic ones. Our results may explain the variety in the probed direction of the d-vector in existing experiments.
Amplitude-phase method for solving Floquet-type problems
Authors: Thylwe Karl-Erik 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The understanding of one-dimensional quantal and dynamical problems is fundamental to problems involving stability of material constructions, quantum tunneling in solids, chemical selection of gas components, electronic properties of material nanostructures. An amplitude-phase method for one-dimensional Schrödinger/Hill-type equations with periodic potentials/coefficients is shown to provide detailed insights into Floquet-type quantal and dynamical problems. Method-independent real and periodic local amplitude and wave-number (or angular frequency) functions are found for bounded Floquet solutions. Regular and weakly singular periodic potentials/coefficients of analytic forms apply.
A Case Study: Water Quality Content between Water Supply and Water Vending Machine at Parit Raja, Johor
Authors: Sahat Suhaila , Kariya Nadia , Kaamin Masiri , Hamid Norbaizura , Farah Atiqah Ahmad Nor 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Water quality study was conducted on water vendor machines with different types of systems that are available around Parit Raja, Batu Pahat such as reverse osmosis systems, systems nanotechnology nano-silver system and water supply pipes. The aim of this study is to distinguish the water quality from the vending machine that follow the standard quality whether authorized or not. Standard water quality parameters such pH, iron concentration experiments, experimental manganese, aluminum and experimental testing ammoniacal nitrogen were computed as comparison. Nanotechnology system water produces better quality when comparing to the pipe water as its pH value shows 6.62. From the experiments the concentration of iron, manganese, aluminium and ammoniacal nitrogen shows 0.08-, 0.07-, 0.05-, and 0.01 mg/L respectively which all the values are in compliance with the National Drinking Water Quality Standards (NDWQS). As for water from reverse osmosis system and pipe water supply both its pH is 6.2 and 6.4 correspondingly which both are not concurrence with National Drinking Water Quality Standards. However, iron content for water from reverse osmosis (0.30 mg/L) is higher than water supply pipe (0.12 mg/L) and both are in the standard range. Iron content of the water supply pipe which is not allowed by 0.14 mg/L. Compared with water from a reverse osmosis system in which the iron content is at a maximum of 0.10mg / L. The parameters of aluminium and ammoniacal nitrogen, the two systems are at acceptable levels. For water from nano-silver system, all parameters are in compliance with the National Drinking Water Quality Standards.
High Strength Concrete Incorporating Oil-Palm-Boiler Clinker as Coarse Lightweight Aggregate
Authors: Chai Lee Jin , Shafigh Payam , Kim Lee See 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Construction industry demands for high amount of raw material to produce concrete. The constant reduction of natural resources results in negative impact to the environment and lack of raw material. Promotion of utilization of agricultural wastes in production of concrete can minimize the environmental impact towards the sustainable development. In this study, the oil-palm-boiler clinker (OPBC) which is an agricultural waste from palm oil industry was used to substitute the crush granite in conventional concrete from 0 to 50% by volume in increments of 12.5%. Tests conducted in this study were compressive strength in different curing regimes, flexural strength and water absorption. The test results showed that concretes containing 37.5 to 50% OPBC can be categorized as semi-lightweight aggregate concrete with high strength. This aggregate has considerable potential for performing internal curing in concrete. Using OPBC in concrete reduced the flexural strength; however, the reduction was not significant. Although water absorption showed that concretes containing OPBC have slightly higher water absorption, however, all these concrete could be considered as good quality concrete.
Post-disaster permanent housing: user participation and long-term satisfaction
Authors: Lan Oo Bee 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
There is empirical evidence on varying levels of user satisfaction with the provided post-disaster permanent housing based on their levels of participation. This study compares non-participating and participating users’ long-term satisfaction with permanent housing constructed under the REKOMPAK (a community-based reconstruction program) after the 2010 Merapi volcano eruption. The results show that both groups have recorded highly similar levels of satisfaction with their permanent housing attributes with only four (out of 38) attributes that are statistically significantly different between the groups. These findings provide suggestive evidence on the maturity of the REKOMPAK program since it was created in 2005. This has implications for local authorities, humanitarian and other agencies in their decisions to adapt the REKOMPAK or other similar community-based programs for post-disaster reconstruction.
Early career women in construction: career choice and barriers
Authors: Lan Oo Bee , Feng Xiyu , Teck-Heng Lim Benson 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Retaining female students through graduation and sending them out into the construction industry remain as challenges for greater women participation in the industry. This study examines the factors affecting early career women’s career choice in construction and barriers faced by them at this career stage. Data was collected from female graduates of a construction management degree in an Australian university using an online questionnaire survey. The results show that significant factors affecting their career choice decisions are: (i) career opportunities; (ii) belief of getting better pay; and (iii) self-efficacy and high level of confidence of performing construction tasks. In terms of barriers, four statistically significant barriers are: (i) difficult to integrate into masculine culture in the industry; (ii) stressful and competitive working culture; (iii) long and inflexible working hours; and (iv) lack of informal networks for career opportunities. The results also show that most respondents were satisfied or very satisfied with their jobs. These findings have implications for the development of initiatives aimed at attracting and retaining female graduates in the construction industry.
Innovative and sustainable green concrete–A potential review on utilization of agricultural waste
Authors: Mohamad Noridah , Tahir Lakhiar Muhammad , Aziz Abdul Samad Abdul , Othuman Mydin Md Azree , Ahmed Jhatial Ashfaque , Anis Sofia S. , Inn Goh Wan , Ali Noorwirdawati 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Concrete is the most versatile product used as building material in world’s construction industry, and it generates carbon to the atmosphere. In manufacturing of cement, 8% to 10% of global carbon dioxide (CO2) gas is generated. The maximum utilization of cement contributes to global warming and climate change. Therefore, many scholars have conducted a research to develop green and sustainable concrete incorporating different waste materials. By utilizing waste materials as cement replacement, the CO2 gas emissions will decrease. This paper reviews the potential and innovative utilization of agricultural waste as partially cement replacing material to make green concrete. Agricultural waste possesses the pozzolanic materials, when finely grinded, generate pozzolanic reaction, in which silica responds with calcium oxide to create calcium silicates which is responsible for higher strength attained in the concrete. It is concluded from previous studies the agricultural waste which consist the high silica contain generated the pozzolanic reaction in concrete mix which contributes the enhancement in strength. The RHA, SCBA POFA are the pozzolanic material, 10%-20% utilization of these waste is optimum and enhance the 20%-30% strength of concrete. The Banana Skin Powder (BSP) also possesses the high silica contain which will generate the pozzolanic reaction in concrete mix and will improve the strength of concrete such as the other agricultural waste improves.
Characteristicsx and suppression of NVH in twin screw refrigeration compressors
Authors: Chen W , Zhang Z , He Z , Xing Z 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Characteristics of NVH (Noise, vibration and harshness) in twin screw refrigeration compressors, mainly caused by mechanical vibration and turbulent gas flow, are discussed in detail. According to the different generation mechanism, suppression methods of mechanical NVH and hydrodynamic NVH are proposed, respectively. Mechanical NVH is related to rotor profile, bearings, lubricating conditions and maching precision, while hydrodynamic NVH is inevitable and severe for all positive displacement compressors due to gas compression and turbulent flow. Concluded from three cases of NVH suppression for semi-hermetic twin screw refrigeration compressors, half-wave method based on acoustic interference theory, pulsation damper evolving from Helmholtz resonator and broadband perforated tube silencer are effective paths to alleviate hydrodynamic NVH in twin screw refrigeration compressors without bringing in extra energy losses.
Application of a generalized compressor modeling framework for simulating an oil-injected twin-screw compressor
Authors: Salts Nicholas , Ziviani Davide , Groll Eckhard A. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Oil-injected twin-screw compressors are widely employed in many commercial and industrial applications because of their high efficiency and reliability. Although extensive literature on modeling techniques applied to twin-screw machines exists, researchers are continuously developing models to capture advanced physical phenomena occurring during the compression process (e.g., mass and heat transfer mechanisms). In order to generalize the concept of mechanistic compressor modeling, a framework for the simulation of positive displacement compressors and expanders (PDSim) has been developed and validated by the authors. The platform has been utilized to model a number of compressor types including scroll, reciprocating, linear, single-screw, rolling-piston, Z, and spool. In this work, the simulation tool has been extended to include twin-screw machines. Beside the detailed geometry model needed to obtain volume curves of the working chambers, sealing lines, and rotor surface areas, three main aspects have been enhanced with respect to the existing literature: (i) a two-fluid (refrigerant and lubricant oil) chamber model with mass and heat transfer interactions; (ii) computation of gas forces, loads on the bearings, and hydrodynamic bearing sub-models; (iii) detailed overall energy balance with a multi-lumped temperature thermal network and a discharge gas pulsations post-processing model. A 4/6 oil-injected twin-screw compressor has been considered to conduct experimental analyses with internal pressure and force sensors, modeling and validation as well as sensitivity analyses.
Validation of FlowVision CFD on ICCS2015 Test Case: Application of Gap ModelTM and SGGRTM for Leakage Flow Prediction in a Dry Screw Compressor
Authors: Ozturk U , Soganci S , Akimov V , Tutkun O , Aksenov A 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Clearances and leakages through them play a vital role in determining the efficiency of positive displacement machines, especially of screw compressors. It is of interest to accurately predict the overall machine behavior including the leakage flows, even during the early design phases.
CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) methodologies can potentially address this problem; however, the computational efficiency is limited by the well-known issue: dimensionality. This issue arises due to the fact that rotors are sized in tens of centimeters whereas the clearances are in the order of (sub) microns.
Here we present a reduced order model called the Gap Model, embedded in FlowVision CFD software package to overcome this problem. Our approach is based on Poiseuille flow assumption and intends to evaluate fluid flows within very thin channels without resolving these regions with traditional fine mesh discretization. In such cases when two wall boundary conditions, such as rotor-to-rotor or rotor-to-chamber in a screw compressor, are close to each other less than mesh resolved dimensions, only one row of computational cells are constructed between the walls and an extra source term is added to the momentum equation, describing the frictional force produced by clearance walls.
The presented model is applied to ICCS2015 Test Case Screw Compressor developed by Centre for Compressor Technology of City, University of London. CFD predictions using this leakage model is in agreement with experimental results within 6.3 percent maximum error. The calculation times are reduced down to less than a day for obtaining stable and converged results.
User defined nodal displacement of numerical mesh for analysis of screw machines in FLUENT
Authors: Basha N , Kovacevic A , Rane S 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Growing demands to reduce energy consumption are driving researchers towards in-depth analysis of positive displacement machines. Twin screw compressors are amongst the most common types of positive displacement machines. These machines have inherently complex geometry due to intricate rotor profiles used. As the details of the internal flows are difficult to obtain experimentally, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) offers a good alternative for evaluation of internal flow patterns. However, implementation of CFD is challenging due complex deforming geometries.
In this paper, a customised grid generator SCORGTM developed by authors is used to generate numerical meshes for commercially available solver ANSYS FLUENT. FLUENT is an unstructured solver which offers flexibility of using both segregated and coupled solution algorithms. Segregated algorithms are generally faster which results in shorter product development time. Interface with FLUENT is implemented by performing User Defined Nodal Displacements (UDND) of grids generated by SCORG in a parallel framework. For this purpose, SCORG and UDND are coupled and extended to work with FLUENT’s parallel architecture. The developed code is compiled within the solver. The oil free air screw compressor with ‘N’ profile rotors and 3/5 lobe combination is modelled for 8000 RPM and 6000 RPM. Finally, the predicted performance values with FLUENT are compared to previously calculated CFX predictions and experimental results. FLUENT requires shorter solution time to obtain same accuracy of CFX.
Operation and performance of screw machines with high built-in volume ratio
Authors: Stosic N 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
A performance calculation of a screw compressor with increased built-in volume ratio was performed in this paper to establish how increased built-in volume ratio influences its efficiency. It is known that screw compressors have limited built-in ratio which is determined by their standard discharge port size and position. However, if the discharge port is reduced beyond its cusp position, the screw machine built-in volume is increased. In such a case, influence of the oil volume in the air-oil mixture of oil-flooded compressors increases the machine built-in volume further. The performance improvement achieved if the built-in volume ratio is doubled in comparison with the standard port during the machine operation at high pressure ratio of more than 20, is up to 26% for the specific power and adiabatic efficiency. This confirms superiority of the reduced size high pressure port for compressors which operate at high pressure ratio.
Dynamic research of piston/piston assembly in labyrinth reciprocating compressor
Authors: Zhang Wenshan , Zhang Zhao , Qian Lv , Feng Quanke , Wu Weifeng 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The piston of labyrinth reciprocating compressor is often in the eccentric running state during operation, which leading to serious gas leakage and reduced compressor volume efficiency. To optimize the performance of labyrinth reciprocating compressor, the main reasons of piston eccentric operation are analyzed in detail in this paper. Based on the theory of multi-body dynamic and influence of piston bending and vibration, a rigid-flexible coupling multi-body virtual simulation model of piston/piston rod assembly is established by using numerical analysis software. The factors causing eccentric running of piston in cylinder are investigated and the eccentric running track of piston in cylinder and its dynamic characteristics are obtained.