bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In vitro analysis of dental ceramics: evaluation of the radiopacity and chemical composition by raman spectroscopy
Authors: De Carvalho Rodrigo Furtado , Cruz Fernando Luiz Goulart , Antunes Debora Pinto , Toledo Júnior Evane Gonçalves , De Oliveira Luiz Fernando Cappa , De Paula Marcos Vinícius Queiroz , Devito Karina Lopes 
Published: June 2018

Objective: This study compared the radiopacity of different ceramic systems by means of digital radiographs and evaluate the chemical composition of the samples by Raman spectroscopy. Material and Methods: The hypothesis tested was that there was a difference in radiopacity among the tested materials. Specimens were prepared for each ceramic tested: FLD - VM7 (VITA Zahnfabrik), LD - IPS Empress e.max Press (IPS Empress), AL - In Ceram Alumina (VITA Zahnfabrik), ALYZ - In Ceram Zirconia (VITA Zahnfabrik), YZ - Lava All Ceram (3M/ESPE), and MYZ - Zirconzahn (Talladium Brazil). The specimens were radiographed and submitted to radiographic density readings using a histogram tool. The spectrometer coupled to a petrographic microscope was used for Raman spectroscopy measurements. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and a Tukey post-hoc test were used to compare radiopacity of the different materials. Results: For all tested materials, the radiopacity showed statistically significant differences, except YZ and MYZ. Lava All Ceram and ZirkonZahn had high radiopacity values and VM7 and IPS Empress e.max Press showed lower radiopacity than human dental structures. Conclusion: It was possible to conclude that radiopacity is closely linked to ceramic chemical composition.KeywordsDental ceramics; Radiopacity; Raman spectroscopy test; Restorative dentistry.
Impact of dental treatment on self-esteem and oral health selfperception of children and adolescents victims of sexual abuse
Authors: Mariz Ana Luísa de Ataíde , Araújo Symonne Leandro , Negrinho Luiz Antônio , Pedrosa Marlus da Silva , Pompeu José Guilherme Férrer , Da Silva Cláudio Heliomar Vicente 
Published: June 2018

Objective: To evaluate the oral health self-perception and the influence of dental treatment on the multidisciplinary approach of adolescent victims of sexual abuse. Material and Methods: It was adopted a qualitative methodology that emphasized the deepening and comprehension of the answers obtained. Six adolescents, from both genders, victims of sexual abuse in the last two years, aged between 10 and 15, took part of the study. A questionnaire was applied before and after the dental treatment in order to evaluate changes in the self-perception and self-esteem of the individuals. The answers were categorized into two thematic axes with the use of the qualitative content analysis: self-perception and self-esteem. Psychological attendance prior and after the dental interventions enabled to comprehend the changes observed. Results: The participants presented a coherent self-perception in relation to the present clinical situation and an increase of their self-esteem after the dental interventions. Conclusion: Dental treatment contributed to improvements regarding self-esteem and oral health self-perception in victims of sexual abuse. KeywordsSelf-reported oral health; Sexual abuse; Dental aesthetic; Adolescent; Child.
Influence of indirect reinforcements on the flexural strength of a thermally activated acrylic resin used for complete dentures
Authors: Miranda Jean Soares , Marinho Caroline Cotes , Macedo Vanessa Cruz , Barcellos Aline Serrado de Pinho , Paradella Thaís Cachuté , Paes Jr Tarcísio José Arruda , Kimpara Estevão Tomomitsu 
Published: June 2018

Objetive: This research aimed to verify the performance of thermally activated acrylic resin (TAAR) combined with a mix of glass and aramid fibers and/or composite resin of indirect use by a tree point bending test. Material and Methods: Ten samples, with 65 x 10 x 2.5 mm, were prepared for each group (n = 10): CO, control of only TAAR; CR, in which an 60 mm indirect composite resin was polymerized together with the acrylic resin during the thermo-polymerization cycle; SS, in which ceramic glass mixed with aramid fibers cut 60 mm in length were incorporated into the samples; and SC, in which the same fibers were incorporated with addiction of the indirect composite resin. A three-point flexural strength test was performed with a universal testing machine with a load of 50KgF at a speed of 5 mm/min in the center of the samples supported by a suitable device. The reinforced face was placed to the tensile side. The statistical one-way ANOVA and Tukey tests were made with a significance level of 95%. Results: The mean value for the CO was 60,27 ± 24,18 MPa, for CR it was 38,39±12,75 MPa, for SS it was 79,97±12,75 Mpa and for CS it was 32,40±9,05 MPa. Conclusion: The use of glass and aramid fibers at the base of a TAAR increased the three-point flexural strength, however when indirect composite resin was incorporated, a significant drop of this mechanical property was observed. KeywordsAcrylic resin; Complete denture; Composite resin.
Non-thermal plasma increase bond strength of zirconia to a resin cement
Authors: Da Silva Beatriz Togoro Ferreira , Trevelin Lívia Tosi , Teixeira Fernanda de Sá , Salvadori Maria Cecília , Cesar Paulo Francisco , Bona Matos Adriana 
Published: June 2018

Objective: This study investigated the influence of different surface treatments on zirconia surface energy, roughness and microshear bond strength. Material and Methods: Forty eight slices of Yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystal (Y-TZP- VITA In-Ceram® YZ for inLab®) (6.4 x 3.2 x 1.6 mm) were divided into 3 groups according to the surface treatment (n = 16): YTZP_control -untreated; YTZP_plasma -surface treatment with non-thermal oxygen plasma; YTZP_primer - coating with ceramic primer. Surface energy (n = 6) was measured with a goniometer; and surface roughness (n = 10) was analyzed with a 3D profilometer were performed over zirconia surface. On the same specimens of surface roughness, on the treated zirconia's surface, resin cement (PANAVIA V5 - Kuraray Noritake Dental) was built up by inserting the resin cement into Tygon tubes (1 mm of internal diameter X 1 mm length). After 24 h storage, microshear test was assessed. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and Tukey post-hoc test (p < 0.05). Results: Non-thermal oxygen plasma treated specimens exhibited higher statistically significant surface energy (p = 0.00) and bond strength (p = 0.00) when compared to control and primer groups. Roughness test (p = 0.897) could not detect statistical difference among the tested groups. Conclusion: Non-thermal oxygen plasma should be a suitable alternative for zirconia surface treatment prior to luting hence it improved microshear bond strength and provided higher surface energy without affecting surface roughness. Keywords Adhesion; Non-thermal plasma; Surface treatment.
Is genetic involve in the outcomes of contact reactions between parent and offspring and between siblings of the coral Pocillopora damicornis?
Authors: Wijayanti Diah Permata , Hidaka Michio 
Published: June 2018

Various allogeneic responses have been characterized in stony corals. The responses were thought to be genetically control. However, very little is known about the genetic mechanism of allorecognition in corals. Therefore, the contact reaction between parent-offspring and between siblings of the coral Pocillopora damicornis has been studied. Three types of contact reactions were observed: between young colonies, between adult and young colonies, and between adult colonies. Siblings, which were primary polyps or young colonies derived from the same broodparent, invariably fused. All but one pair of parent-offspring grafts exhibited fusion. However, some pairs of young colonies derived from the same two broodparents showed a different contact response than did the broodparents when their branch tips were paired. When the same pairs of the young colonies were repeated to contact at different age, most pairs yielded the same results. Together with the findings that young colonies were able to recognize their partner less than 1 month after the initial contact, we suggest that contact reaction in coral and time needed for the stable reaction are most probably under genetic control. Keywords: coral, young colonies, reproduction, parent-offspring relationship, histocompatibility
Characteristics of Sediments Deposition in Karimata Strait
Authors: Erawan Muhammad Trial Fiar , Prartono Tri , Arman Ali 
Published: June 2018

Karimata strait connects South China Sea and Indonesia territorial seas where the strait current pattern is affected by west and east monsoon. This condition influences particles depositing sedimentation process in the strait. Lack information about sediment depositing rate at the straits dozens years ago makes this research is important to be conducted. This research was to estimate sediment depositing rate in the strait in two areas, near shore and off shore of Borneo. The research was conducted on June to September 2015 used coring sediment samples. Those samples were derived from Baruna Jaya VIII Ship Cruise on June 2015 that was collaborative research between Ministry of Marine and Fisheries Affairs of Indonesia and National Nuclear Center of Indonesia (BATAN).Samples were analyzed in the laboratory of Chemical and Ocean, Department of Environmental and Natural Resources, Center of Radiation and Isotope, National Nuclear Center of Indonesia (BATAN). Estimation of sediment depositing rate used natural isotope 210Pb. The study shows that the depositing rate of the nearest to Borneo area is about 0.92 kg.m-2.y-1 (1965) and increases to be 3.31 kg.m-2.y-1 (2009). The other area is about 0.08 kg.m-2.y-1 (1840) and increases to be 1.78 kg.m-2.y-1 (2010). This result implies that the sediment depositing rate at the nearest area to Borneo is higher than the off shore. Keywords: Near shore, off shore, Natural Isotop 210Pb, CRS (Constant Rate of Supply) model
A holographic doctors’ assistant on the example of a wireless heart rate monitor
Authors: Proniewska Klaudia , Dołęga-Dołęgowski Damian , Dudek Dariusz 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Microsoft has created HoloLens glasses, a high-tech device used for holographic purposes, which is unique and superior to other available solutions. We present a new idea of a holographic assistant to doctors, using as an example a wireless patient data monitor. A dedicated application will be created to be used by doctors, allowing hands-free access to patient cards/data, reviewing of new/old examination results, and even the ability to work on real-time data. Doctors will be able to use this in the examination room, at a patient’s bedside, or in an entirely different location. Currently, analysis of patient data is done mostly by the doctor; however, huge progress in computer hardware performance and artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms has allowed the development of new methods used to analyze and classify patient examination results. In the same way that doctors learn and practice how to treat patients during their studies, algorithms can learn to spot abnormalities, allowing current technology and advanced AI algorithms to be joined in one high-tech solution that should provide initial assessment of patients’ health and give treatment guidance, if necessary.
Approximation of functions and their conjugates in Lp and uniform metric by Euler means
Authors: Volosivets Sergey S. , Tyuleneva Anna A. 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
For 2π-periodic functions from Lp (where 1 < p < ∞) we prove an estimate of approximation by Euler means in Lp metric generalizing a result of L. Rempuska and K. Tomczak. Furthermore, we show that this estimate is sharp in a certain sense. We study the uniform approximation of functions by Euler means in terms of their best approximations in p-variational metric and also prove the sharpness of this estimate under some conditions. Similar problems are treated for conjugate functions.
Determination of pinene content in black liquor by solvent-assisted/pyrogallol-protected headspace gas chromatography (HS-GC)
Authors: Hu Hui-Chao , Zeng Tong , Zhang Shaokai , Chen Lihui , Huang Liulian , Ni Yonghao 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
A solvent-assisted and pyrogallol (PG)-protected headspace gas chromatography (HS-GC) method was developed to determine the pinene (α- and β-pinene) content in the kraft pulping black liquor (BL). Ethanol (EtOH) addition eliminated pinene’s micelles in BL by complete dissolution in the EtOH/BL medium. PG was applied to protect pinene from oxidation during the sample storage and measurement. The results showed that, with a 25% (v/v) of EtOH content and a 0.1 g of PG in 5-ml of sample solution, a rapid and stable pinene HS extraction can be obtained in 20 min at 80°C. The method has high precision with relative standard deviations within 4.2%. The sensitivity [limits of quantification (LOQ) are ~140 μg l−1] was high, and a good accuracy (recovery=96.0–104%) was typical for the pinene detection. The presented method is simple, rapid, accurate and is suitable for pinene quantification in biorefinery related processes and it leads to the preparation of high-value chemicals.
Age and knowledge of morphosyntax in english as an additional language: grammatical judgment and error correction
Authors: Qureshi Muhammad Asif 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Research on age and second language acquisition (L2A) is vast, but inconclusive. Such research has mainly been motivated by the Critical Period Hypothesis (CPH), which postulates that language acquisition becomes extremely difficult after the onset of puberty. Also, there is a lack of research on age and third/additional language (L3/Ln) learning. To fill this gap, this article examines differences in morphosyntactic knowledge between early and late learners of English as a L3/Ln. In this study, ‘early’ and ‘late’ learners are those participants first exposed to English as a medium of instruction (MOI) in 1st and 11th grades, respectively. Participants’ morphosyntactic knowledge was assessed based on two tasks: (a) a Grammaticality Judgment Task (GJT) and (b) an editing task. Three hundred and thirty five undergraduate and graduate students from two universities in Pakistan voluntarily participated in the research. Results of the group comparisons showed no statistically significant differences between early and late learners on the GJT; however, on the editing task, a modest but significant difference was observed between the two groups, with late learners scoring higher. This finding contradicts the predictions of the CPH.
Beginning and intermediate L2 writer’s use of N-grams: an association measures study
Authors: Garner Jamie , Crossley Scott , Kyle Kristopher 
Published: June 2018

AbstractAcommon approach to analyzing phraseological knowledge in first language (L1) and second language (L2) learners is to employ raw frequency data. Several studies have also analyzed n-gram use on the basis of statistical association scores. Results from n-gram studies have found significant differences between L1 and L2 writers and between intermediate and advanced L2 writers in terms of their bigram use. The current study expands on this research by investigating the connection between bigram and trigram association measures and human judgments of L2 writing quality. Using multiple statistical association indices, it examines bigram and trigram use by beginner and intermediate L1 Korean learners of English in English placement test essays. Results of a logistic regression indicated that intermediate writers employed a greater number of strongly associated academic bigrams and spoken trigrams. These findings have important implications for understanding lexical development in L2 writers and notions of writing proficiency.
Antioxidant-mediated neuroprotection by Allium schoenoprasum L. leaf extract against ischemia reperfusion-induced cerebral injury in mice
Authors: Singh Varinder , Krishan Pawan , Shri Richa 
Published: June 2018

Abstract

Background
Oxidative stress is strongly implicated in ischemia reperfusion (IR)-mediated functional and neuronal impairment. Therefore, strategies employing antioxidants to reverse the damage due to IR are being investigated. Allium schoenoprasum L. is a culinary medicine whose antioxidant properties are well documented but whose neuroprotective potential has not been examined. Hence, the present study was designed to evaluate the effect of A. schoenoprasum leaf extract (ASLE) on functional deficit against IR-induced cerebral injury in mice.

Methods
Acute toxicity studies of ASLE were performed following the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development Guideline 423. IR injury was induced by bilateral common carotid artery occlusion (BCCAO) for 15 min followed by 24-h reperfusion. Animals were treated for 7 days with ASLE (200 and 400 mg/kg, p.o. once daily) after IR injury. Functional outcomes (memory and sensorimotor functions) were measured using Morris water maze and neurological severity score, respectively. Cerebral infarct size and oxidative stress (thiobarbituric acid reactive species (TBARS), reduced glutathione (GSH), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity) were measured in order to elucidate the neuroprotective mechanism of ASLE.

Results
No toxic effects of ASLE were observed in mice. Oral treatment with ASLE for 7 days significantly attenuated IR-mediated memory and sensorimotor function deficit in the animals. The extract also reduced the cerebral infarct size and rise in brain TBARS levels, and restored the GSH levels and SOD activity.

Conclusions
The results of the present study suggest that ASLE is safe and effective in improving functional outcomes. It demonstrates neuroprotective effect by enhancing the antioxidant defence against IR injury.
„One of the bright spots in German economics“
Authors: Take Gunnar 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
This paper analyses the relationship between the German Kiel Institute of World Economics and the Rockefeller Foundation in the years 1925-1950. It focuses on the role of politics in the promotion of science and shows the great difficulties the foundation had in developing a strategy to react to the Nazi’s seizure of power in 1933. The Kiel Institute disguised itself as an unpolitical and “objective” institute and managed to regain support after 1934. During the Second World War, the Rockefeller Foundation abandoned the idea of science as an area detached from politics by definition. In the late 1940s, it carefully reassessed the German academic landscape and, in the case of the Kiel Institute, came to the conclusion not to resume a significant amount of support.
Corporate Social Responsibility und globales Wirtschaftsrecht
Authors: Simons Cornelius 
Published: June 2018

ZusammenfassungDer vorliegende Beitrag umreißt Themen, die für die Unternehmenspraxis im Umgang mit CSR-Belangen von besonderer Bedeutung sind. Ausgangspunkt ist dabei die „Rechtsqualität“ von CSR. Werden klassische hard law-, Corporate Governance- und Vertragskonzepte beiseite gelassen, verbleibt ein weiter Kernbereich „klassischer“ CSR, deren einzelne Elemente zwar ein unterschiedliches Maß an Verbindlichkeit beanspruchen. Allen gemeinsam sind jedoch die Herausforderungen, die sie in puncto Rechtssicherheit, demokratischer Legitimation und unternehmerischer Freiheit an die ihnen Unterworfenen stellen. Diesen Herausforderungen wird anhand von Beispielsfällen nachgespürt.
Geschäftsleiterpflichten zwischen Legalität und Legitimität
Authors: Vetter Jochen 
Published: June 2018

ZusammenfassungDer Beitrag befasst sich mit der Frage, ob und in welchem Umfang der Vorstand einer Aktiengesellschaft berechtigt ist, CSR-Belange auch dann zu berücksichtigen, wenn sie sich ökonomisch nicht rechtfertigen.
Investigations of Structural, Elastic, Electronic and Thermodynamic Properties of X2TiAl Alloys: A Computational Study
Authors: Al Selgin , Arikan Nihat , Iyigör Ahmet 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
First-principle calculations have been adopted in order to reveal and deeply understand the structural, electronic, elastic, thermodynamic, and vibrational properties of full-Heusler X2TiAl (X = Au, Ru, and Zr) alloys in the L21 phase. The fundamental physical properties such as bulk modulus, its pressure derivative, anisotropy factor, shear modulus, Poisson’s ratio, Cauchy pressure, elastic constants, heat capacity, thermal expansion coefficient, and Young’s modulus are obtained and compared with the literature. Debye temperature and Grüneisen parameter are also evaluated over the temperature range of 0–1500 K. Electronic band structures and their partial density of states and phonon dispersion curves are presented for all alloys and used to interpret the electronic and mechanical properties and stabilities of alloys in the L21 phase.
Polyfonctionnalité adverbiale, grammaticalisation et subjectivation : le cas de sérieusement, seriamente et en serio
Authors: Álvarez-Prendes Emma 
Published: June 2018

AbstractIn this paper we analyze the contemporary uses of three equivalent adverbs in French and Spanish (sérieusement, seriamente and en serio) in order to characterize them by some salient linguistic properties. We will also establish the emergence of these uses in the history of the French and Spanish languages and try to determine the historical links between them. To achieve these goals we have created a personal corpus with more than 200 occurrences of each adverb from very diverse types of texts (novels, journals, Internet, oral, data bases such as Frantext, Corpus Le Monde Diplomatique, Corpus de Referencia del Español Actual and Corpus Diacrónico del Español, etc.). Our main hypothesis is that those three adverbs are the result of a similar complex process of grammaticalization.
Aspetti sintattici e semantici di «nome + da + infinito» in diacronia
Authors: Mastrantonio Davide 
Published: June 2018

AbstractIn Modern Italian the syntagm «noun + da + infinitive» displays different syntactic features compared to Old Italian. After the subject has been introduced (§1), we first take into account some grammatical issues related to «da + inf.», namely: i) syntactic category; ii) verbal aspect; iii) voice (§2). After that, we focus on the description and explanation of the diachronic development concerning phrases like acqua da innaffiare gli orti, macchina da scrivere and so forth (§3).
Spigolature di anglicismi: a proposito di leggings e altri (recenti) forestierismi
Authors: Variano Angelo 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe present article focuses on English-Italian language contact. In detail, we will show that supposedly recent borrowings such as leggings (GRADIT: 2004) or steward (1928) can already be observed in 19th-century Italian translations of English travel literature.
Is there a link between psychopathy and self-harm?
Authors: Campbell Lisa , Beech Anthony 
Published: June 2018

The aim of this review was to examine whether there is a link between psychopathy and self-harm. A systematic search identified 14 papers which examine this link. A quality appraisal checklist was used to evaluate the quality of each study. The application of the quality appraisal checklist showed that the majority of the studies had good internal validity; however, there were some biases that affected the external validity of some studies. The results indicated that there may be a positive association between total psychopathy score and self-harm; however some studies with smaller sample sizes and low rates of self-harm failed to show this association. The results of most of the studies showed a positive association between Factor 2 of the Psychopathy Checklist (PCL-R; Hare, 2003) and self-harm. No link was found between Factor 1 and self-harm. The results did not show consistent evidence for a link between any of the four facets and self-harm. Although this review indicates a link between Factor 2 and self-harm, and a possible link between total psychopathy score and self-harm, the small number of studies in this area means that the research is not robust enough to provide strong evidence for these associations.