bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Socio-technical systems cybersecurity framework
Authors: Malatji Masike , Von Solms Sune , Marnewick Annlizé 
Published: February 2019

Purpose
This paper aims to identify and appropriately respond to any socio-technical gaps within organisational information and cybersecurity practices. This culminates in the equal emphasis of both the social, technical and environmental factors affecting security practices.

Design/methodology/approach
The socio-technical systems theory was used to develop a conceptual process model for analysing organisational practices in terms of their social, technical and environmental influence. The conceptual process model was then applied to specifically analyse some selected information and cybersecurity frameworks. The outcome of this exercise culminated in the design of a socio-technical systems cybersecurity framework that can be applied to any new or existing information and cybersecurity solutions in the organisation. A framework parameter to help continuously monitor the mutual alignment of the social, technical and environmental dimensions of the socio-technical systems cybersecurity framework was also introduced.

Findings
The results indicate a positive application of the socio-technical systems theory to the information and cybersecurity domain. In particular, the application of the conceptual process model is able to successfully categorise the selected information and cybersecurity practices into either social, technical or environmental practices. However, the validation of the socio-technical systems cybersecurity framework requires time and continuous monitoring in a real-life environment.

Practical implications
This research is beneficial to chief security officers, risk managers, information technology managers, security professionals and academics. They will gain more knowledge and understanding about the need to highlight the equal importance of both the social, technical and environmental dimensions of information and cybersecurity. Further, the less emphasised dimension is posited to open an equal but mutual security vulnerability gap as the more emphasised dimension. Both dimensions must, therefore, equally and jointly be emphasised for optimal security performance in the organisation.

Originality/value
The application of socio-technical systems theory to the information and cybersecurity domain has not received much attention. In this regard, the research adds value to the information and cybersecurity studies where too much emphasis is placed on security software and hardware capabilities.
Mitigating cyber attacks through the measurement of non-IT professionals’ cybersecurity skills
Authors: Carlton Melissa , Levy Yair , Ramim Michelle 
Published: February 2019

PurposeUsers’ mistakes due to poor cybersecurity skills result in up to 95 per cent of cyber threats to organizations. Threats to organizational information systems continue to result in substantial financial and intellectual property losses. This paper aims to design, develop and empirically test a set of scenarios-based hands-on tasks to measure the cybersecurity skills of non-information technology (IT) professionals.Design/methodology/approachThis study was classified as developmental in nature and used a sequential qualitative and quantitative method to validate the reliability of the Cybersecurity Skills Index (CSI) as a prototype-benchmarking tool. Next, the prototype was used to empirically test the demonstrated observable hands-on skills level of 173 non-IT professionals.FindingsThe importance of skills and hands-on assessment appears applicable to cybersecurity skills of non-IT professionals. Therefore, by using an expert-validated set of cybersecurity skills and scenario-driven tasks, this study established and validated a set of hands-on tasks that measure observable cybersecurity skills of non-IT professionals without bias or the high-stakes risk to IT.Research limitations/implicationsData collection was limited to the southeastern USA and while the sample size of 173 non-IT professionals is valid, further studies are required to increase validation of the results and generalizability.Originality/valueThe validated and reliable CSI operationalized as a tool that measures the cybersecurity skills of non-IT professionals. This benchmarking tool could assist organizations with mitigating threats due to vulnerabilities and breaches caused by employees due to poor cybersecurity skills.
Segregated and not equal? Occupation, earnings gap between urban residents and rural migrants in Vietnam
Authors: Liu Amy Y.C. 
Published: February 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the earnings differentials between the locals and the rural–urban migrants in urban labor market in Vietnam.Design/methodology/approachUsing the new Vietnam Rural-Urban Migration Survey 2013 (VRUMS2013) that is specifically designed for rural–urban migration, the author applies Appletonet al.’s (1999) procedure correcting for potential selectivity to decompose the offered earnings gap between the locals and the rural–urban migrants into within- and between-occupation pay differential. Bootstrapping is used to derive the standard errors for the decomposition results. The author further applies the propensity score matching (PSM) method to check whether the results are robust by restricting the sample to the “common support.”FindingsWithin-job difference, particularly, the favorable treatment toward urban workers contributes significantly to the overall and total unexplained earnings gap. Further, between-job pay differential attributed to the over-representation of urban workers in high-paying job also helps to widen the gap. These results are robust restricting to the “common support” sample using PSM.Research limitations/implicationsDue to the sample size, occupations are only classified into three broad categories. Finer classification will allow a better comparison between the contributions of between and within-occupation to earning inequality. The data are only limited to a few cities and do not include other urban centers that also receive rural–urban migrants.Practical implicationsPolicies to promote equal pay and alleviate within-job “discrimination,” especially the preferential treatment favoring the locals (rather than to provide equal access to different jobs) are crucial for migrants’ labor outcome. Moreover, this study can, to some extent, be seen as a timely contribution for the debate on household registration reform in general and in Vietnam specifically. Given China’s announcement to grant permanent household registration (hukou) to unregistrated migrants in late 2015, investigating whether there is a two-tier labor market in the cities in Vietnam is particularly important for the ongoing debate regarding future of household registration system (ho khau).Originality/valueThis is the first study in Vietnam on rural–urban migration and occupation segregation – an area that has been relatively less well studied in developing/transitional countries. Vietnam is also one of the few developing countries who have household registration system in place. This has made it an interesting case. The author uses a new survey data to apply the Appletonet al.(1999) decomposition on the offered wage gap rather than observed wage gap. Standard errors of the decomposition results are bootstrapped and a robust check using propensity score method is conducted.
Supply chain adaptations for the base-of-the-pyramid business: towards a theoretical model
Authors: Zomorrodi Maryam , Fayezi Sajad , Lau Kwok Hung , McMurray Adela 
Published: February 2019

PurposeResearch has not yet captured nor synthesized the supply chain (SC) adaptations exercised by various base of the pyramid (BoP) initiators for successful BoP business. This is a crucial shortcoming that the study has taken a step to address, with the aim of advancing theory in BoP supply chain management (SCM). The paper aims to discuss this issue.Design/methodology/approachThe authors draw on Carteret al.’s (2015) theory of the SC and use a multi-method approach combining systematic literature review and embedded case studies based on the secondary data.FindingsThe authors compare BoP SC adaptations of MNCs, local companies, NGOs, social enterprises and governments and develop propositions. The authors find that SC adaptations exercised by BoP initiators are influenced by their sense making of institutional and agency drivers at the BoP, and contingent on whether the poor are engaged as recipients or value co-creators.Practical implicationsThe authors develop a multi-initiator understanding of SC adaptations for BoP business. This is useful for BoP initiators who struggle to leverage their BoP business as well as for those who are considering entering the BoP. The authors offer these entities insights for aligning strategy and developing capabilities for BoP markets.Originality/valueThe authors develop an original model of BoP initiator-based configurations of SC adaptations for BoP business. As such, the authors contribute toward advancing BoP SCM theory and practice by mapping substantive concepts and their relationships associated with BoP SC adaptations.
An exploratory study of the results of the implementation of EFQM in private Spanish firms
Authors: Gómez-López Raquel , Serrano-Bedia Ana Maria , López-Fernández María Concepción 
Published: February 2019

PurposeThe implementation of business excellence models is becoming a key competitive priority for companies, but the type of results they obtain by implementing such models and the importance of such results remain open issues. The purpose of this paper is to clarify the results obtained by companies that implement the European Foundation for Quality Management (EFQM) excellence model, with a focus on their importance and nature.Design/methodology/approachAn empirical study was conducted in 68 Spanish firms that were immersed in the process of implementing EFQM. The methodology consists of a descriptive analysis and factor analysis in order to determine which groups of results are the most important. Finally, clusters of firms are analyzed to establish their profile in relation to these groups, using cluster analysis.FindingsThis study shows that the main results of the implementation of EFQM are an improvement in the external image of the company and an increased efficiency of internal processes. In addition, the results can be grouped into internal results, human resources results and economic results, with the first group being the most important. Finally, the results show that there are three groups of firms, categorized according to their results orientation: highly results-oriented, moderately results-oriented and minimally results-oriented.Practical implicationsCompanies are in a better position to anticipate and solve the problems that may arise during the implementation process if they understand the results of the implementation of EFQM, along with the motivations for and barriers to the implementation. Also, this research shows that the bodies promoting and motivating quality should make a special effort to emphasize the importance of non-financial results in companies that implement EFQM.Originality/valueThis paper extends the knowledge in the field of business excellence models by developing an instrument to measure implementation results from the perspective of quality managers who were specifically appointed to lead the implementation of the EFQM excellence model in companies.
The effect of selfie promotion and celebrity endorsed advertisement on decision-making processes
Authors: Cheah Jun-Hwa , Ting Hiram , Cham Tat Huei , Memon Mumtaz Ali 
Published: February 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to assess the effect of two promotional methods, namely, celebrity endorsed advertisement and selfie promotion, on customers’ decision-making processes using the AISAS model.Design/methodology/approachA within-subject experimental design was used to observe how young adults in Malaysia would respond to two promotional methods about a new seafood restaurant. A total of 180 responses were collected using a structured questionnaire. Data were assessed and analysed using partial least squares structural equation modelling.FindingsThe results show that while celebrity endorsed advertisement remains relevant to customer’s decision-making processes, the effect of selfie promotion is comparable to celebrity endorsement. The sequential mediation for both models is found to be significant, but the AISAS model with selfie promotion produces better in-sample prediction (model selection criteria) and out-of-sample prediction (PLSpredict) compared to celebrity endorsed advertisement, thus suggesting its better representation to reality.Research limitations/implicationsDespite being limited to young adults in Malaysia and a particular product, the study is essential to understanding the effect of celebrity endorsed advertisement and selfie promotion on decision-making processes.Practical implicationsThe study provides insights into how business organisations could exploit the advancement of communication technology to encourage selfie behaviour to promote their products in an innovative and competitive manner.Originality/valueThe assessment of the effect of celebrity endorsed advertisement and selfie promotion on decision-making processes using PLSpredict and model selection criteria articulates the relevance of selfie as a promotional tool. It also provides an alternative technique for conducting model comparison research.
Estimating price gradient in Bratislava with different distance measurements
Authors: Rehák Štefan , Káčer Marek 
Published: February 2019

PurposeThis paper aims to analyse the price gradient of apartments in the city of Bratislava with different measurements of travel time and distance to the city centre.Design/methodology/approachThe price gradient is analysed by means of a hedonic price model. To overcome the problem with spatial autocorrelation in the data, the authors apply a spatial error model.FindingsThe paper provides empirical insights into the size of the price gradient in the city of Bratislava. In addition, it suggests that even in the case of a city with complicated urban structure, Euclidean distance is the best proxy for distance to the city centre and it is not necessary to use a more demanding distance calculation in hedonic price models.Originality/valuePrice gradients are usually analysed in western European or American cities whose urban structure differ from the cities in central and eastern Europe. This paper is the first in which the price gradient is estimated with different measurements of time and distance to the city centre using a spatial econometric model.
The influence of pro-environmental managers’ personal values on environmental disclosure
Authors: Luque-Vílchez Mercedes , Mesa-Pérez Enrique , Husillos Javier , Larrinaga Carlos 
Published: February 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine in greater depth the influence of internal factors on the disclosure of environmental information by companies. The influence of pro-environmental managers´ personal values on environmental disclosure quality is analyzed and the extent to which the influence of those values is mediated by the practices associated with the environmental organizational structure of the company.Design/methodology/approachThe authors use a partial least squares structural equation model to analyze the relationship between the quality of the environmental information disclosed by 137 environmentally sensitive Spanish firms, their level of commitment towards the environment and the personal values of the directors in charge of those reports.FindingsA central finding of this work is that a positive relationship between the pro-environmental managers’ personal values and environmental disclosure quality is fully mediated by the environmental organizational structures of their companies.Practical implicationsA better understanding of the relationship between the personal values of managers and corporate environmental reporting quality will contribute to the design of policies that can enhance firm transparency and accountability, for example, by educating future managers in sustainability values.Social implicationsLight is cast on the mechanisms that can enhance corporate transparency and accountability in relation to environmental matters.Originality/valueIn this paper, a quantitative study of the internal driving forces of environmental disclosure is conducted, an aspect that has often been ignored in the literature on quantitative voluntary social reporting. The merit of this approach is its contribution to the literature through the analysis of the reasons why powerful actors within firms could (or could not) develop corporate social reporting practices.
Changing institutional logics and implications for supply chains: Ethiopian rural water supply
Authors: Annala Linda , Polsa Pia Eva , Kovács Gyöngyi 
Published: February 2019

Purpose
The institutional logic in developing countries is changing from aid toward trade, having implications for institutionally embedded supply chains (SCs) and their members. The purpose of this study is to investigate the transition from aid toward trade through a theoretical lens of institutional logics and the implications of changing logics for SC members and designs.

Design/methodology/approach
This is a large-scale qualitative study of the SCs of maintenance and repair operations (MRO) of water points. Empirical data were collected via 53 semi-structured interviews, observations, including photographs, and field notes from several echelons of MRO SCs in ten different Ethiopian districts.

Findings
In spite of the same underlying tenet of a unidirectional trajectory toward a business logic, the study shows that the co-existence or constellation of different institutional logics resulted in diverse practices that impacted SC design.

Research limitations/implications
The research was carried out in the MRO SC at a time of changing institutional logics, thereby being able to study their transition or constellation of logics.

Practical implications
The research has implications for policymakers and development practitioners: when designing and implementing rural water supply programs, the presence of co-existing logics and the lack of uniform SC designs should not be viewed as a hindrance. In fact, the study showed how constellations of logics can provide ways through which water points continue functioning and providing clean drinking water to the communities.

Originality/value
Few studies so far have focused on institutional logics and their implications for SC design.
Analyzing industry changes and business evolution: the path forward for Midwest Equipment Company
Authors: Straub Larry Gene , Perry John 
Published: February 2019

Theoretical basis
The case illustrates how environmental forces affect an industry’s profitability. PESTEL and five forces analyses can be used to examine the retail agricultural equipment industry.

Research methodology
Single case study.

Case overview/synopsis
Jonathan Sullivan has a decision to make. His company is struggling due to difficult industry conditions. He is questioning if the company can continue to survive. MEC is an agricultural equipment dealer. The industry has experienced boom-and-bust periods since the company was founded. But the current downturn seems different. The past five years have been difficult as manufacturers have changed their dealership practices. Jonathan has struggled with some of the new practices the manufacturers have implemented. These new practices could negatively impact the company’s ability to survive. Jonathan wonders, “What is the best path forward for the business?”

Complexity academic level
The case is designed to be used in an undergraduate strategic management course.
Loss of biotic resistance and high propagule pressure promote invasive grass‐fire cycles
Authors: St. Clair Samuel B. , Bishop Tara B. B. 
Published: February 2019

Abstract

The spread of invasive grasses across Earth are modifying fire cycles resulting in state changes in arid ecosystems. Disturbance, biotic resistance of native biological communities and propagule pressure, are likely the important factors influencing the spread of invasive grasses and their influence on changing fire regimes.

Over a 5‐year period (2011–2016), we tested how the potential loss of biotic resistance of native plant and native rodent communities related to fire and rodent exclusion treatments, in concert with increased propagule pressure affected the establishment of Bromus tectorum L. (cheatgrass) and the spread of secondary fires.

Our study results suggest that native plant and native rodent communities contribute to biotic resistance against cheatgrass invasion and that fire and high propagule pressure act to diminish biotic resistance by native communities. Five years into the study, cheatgrass establishment was 11‐fold greater in burned plots than in unburned plots (with native plant communities still intact), 2.4‐fold greater in rodent exclusion plots than rodent access plots and 1.8‐fold greater with increased propagule pressure. At the start of the experiment in 2011 cheatgrass was present in the experimental blocks but at very low density (<1 plant/m2). However, by 2016, burned‐rodent excluded plots were fully invaded (1625 stems/m2). High propagule pressure released cheatgrass from biotic resistance of rodent communities in post‐fire conditions but had minimal effects on the biotic resistance of native plant communities in unburned plots. Fire in combination with either rodent exclusion or high cheatgrass propagule pressure produced higher density cheatgrass stands that were positively correlated with the spread of secondary fires that are characteristic of invasive grass‐fire cycles.

Synthesis. Loss of native plant cover or reduction in rodent populations due to fire, extreme climatic events or disease outbreaks, which are increasing with human activity, may provide windows of opportunity for invasive grasses to escape biotic resistance and reinforce invasive grass‐fire cycles.
Marine Synechococcus isolates representing globally abundant genomic lineages demonstrate a unique evolutionary path of genome reduction without a decrease in GC content
Authors: Lee Michael D. , Ahlgren Nathan A. , Kling Joshua D. , Walworth Nathan G. , Rocap Gabrielle , Saito Mak A. , Hutchins David A. , Webb Eric A. 
Published: February 2019

SummarySynechococcus, a genus of unicellular cyanobacteria found throughout the global surface ocean, is a large driver of Earth's carbon cycle. Developing a better understanding of its diversity and distributions is an ongoing effort in biological oceanography. Here, we introduce 12 new draft genomes of marine Synechococcus isolates spanning five clades and utilize ~100 environmental metagenomes largely sourced from the TARA Oceans project to assess the global distributions of the genomic lineages they and other reference genomes represent. We show that five newly provided clade‐II isolates are by far the most representative of the recovered in situ populations (most ‘abundant’) and have biogeographic distributions distinct from previously available clade‐II references. Additionally, these isolates form a subclade possessing the smallest genomes yet identified of the genus (2.14 ± 0.05Mbps; mean ± 1SD) while concurrently hosting some of the highest GC contents (60.67 ± 0.16%). This is in direct opposition to the pattern in Synechococcus’s nearest relative, Prochlorococcus – wherein decreasing genome size has coincided with a strong decrease in GC content – suggesting this new subclade of Synechococcus appears to have convergently undergone genomic reduction relative to the rest of the genus, but along a fundamentally different evolutionary trajectory.