bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Surgical Management of a Cutaneous Sinus Tract: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Chkoura Ahmed , Elwady Wafaa , Taleb Bouchra 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Aim
The purpose of this paper is to present a case involving the surgical management of a cutaneous sinus tract and a literature review.

Background
A cutaneous sinus tract of dental origin may easily be misdiagnosed. Exact diagnosis is necessary in the management of this pathological situation.

Case Description
A healthy 40-year-old man presented with a dimple in the skin of his right cheek. Upon further examination, the clinical crown of the mandibular right first molar was missing, leaving only the roots visible. Palpation of the affected area revealed a cord-like tract that was surgically excised.

Summary
A cutaneous sinus tract of dental origin is a canal that drains the infection from a dental source to the face or neck. A misdiagnosis of these lesions could lead to an ineffective and inappropriate treatment. We report a case of a cutaneous sinus tract of dental origin that we removed from the periapical zone of the causal teeth. The aim of this paper is to present a dental and medical literature review of cutaneous sinus tract that has a dental origin and to report a case where the sinus tract was surgically eliminated. Patients with a cutaneous facial sinus tract of dental origin often do not have obvious dental symptoms that can lead to misdiagnosing this pathological situation.

Clinical Significance
Elimination of the source of infection by endodontic treatment or tooth removal generally results in resolution of the sinus tract. But in the case of an older sinus tract, wound contraction and scar tissue formation may require surgical management to excise the cordlike tract.

Citation
Chkoura A, Elwady W, Taleb B. Surgical Management of a Cutaneous Sinus Tract: A Case Report and Review of the Literature. J Contemp Dent Pract [Internet]. 2010 October; 11(5):049-055. Available from: http://www.thejcdp. com/journal/view/volume11-issue5-chkoura
Palato-Radicular Groove and Localized Periodontitis: A Series of Case Reports
Authors: Hungund Shital , Kumar Magesh 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Aim
The aim of this report is to present the management of three cases of different magnitude affecting the periodontal attachment apparatus due to the presence of a palato-radicular groove (PRG).

Background
The palato-radicular groove is a developmental anomaly often associated with localized periodontitis and pulpal necrosis.

Case description
The authors present three cases involving the management of teeth with a palato-radicular groove. In the first case, a 20-year-old woman presented with a 5 mm periodontal pocket associated with the maxillary right central incisor but no evidence of pulpal involvement. In the second case, there was extensive bone loss and pulpal necrosis of the maxillary right lateral incisor in a 35-year-old man. The third case involved severe localized periodontitis of the right and left maxillary lateral incisors of a 47-year-old man. This report describes the diagnosis and periodontal management of these three clinical situations.

Summary
Periodontal complications due to a palatal-radicular groove are relatively rare. However, when they do occur, the diagnosis of a pulpal or localized periodontal lesion can sometimes present a dilemma for the general dentist, particularly if a palato-radicular groove is the etiologic factor. This is because a radicular groove can act like a “funnel,” aiding microbial plaque accumulation, and lead to gingivitis, localized periodontitis, and even pulpal necrosis. But with a timely diagnosis and proper clinical management, the tooth or teeth involved can be treated and often retained.

Clinical Significance
Thorough examination of the morphological anomalies associated with the lateral and central incisors, in particular, aided by appropriate diagnostic aids, can lead to accurate diagnosis and management of a tooth or teeth with a palato-radicular groove.

Citation
Hungund S, Kumar M. Palato-Radicular Groove and Localized Periodontitis: A Series of Case Reports. J Contemp Dent Pract [Internet]. 2010 October; 11(5):056-062. Available from: http://www.thejcdp.com/journal/view/volume11- issue5-hungund
Privacy and Personal Health Data in Cyberspace: The Role and Responsibility of Healthcare Professionals
Authors: Day James 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
In this series of articles, the author discusses the potential risks, benefits, and liabilities associated with using electronic communications and computer-based records to manage a patient's medical information. This second article in the series considers the role and responsibility of the healthcare professional in collecting and sharing a patient's private personal and medical data in online environments. Current practices and the potential pitfalls of Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) are reviewed.
SEM Study on the Effect of Two Different Demineralization Methods with Saturated Tetracycline Hydrochloride on Diseased Root Surfaces
Authors: Babay Nadir 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The scanning electron microscope was used to evaluate the dentin surface of diseased teeth subjected to two methods of conditioning with tetracycline hydrochloride (TTC) for 1 and 4 minutes respectively. Five groups of twelve specimens each received root planing (control); were immersed in TTC for 1 and 4 minutes; and burnished in TTC for 1 and 4 minutes. Control specimens exhibited an amorphous irregular surface smear layer. TTC, irrespective of the method used, was effective in removing the smear layer. Immersion in TTC for 1 minute revealed obstructed dentinal tubules, while burnishing for 1 minute revealed the presence of collagen fibrils. The 4-minute application of TTC, irrespective of the conditioning method used, showed wide exposed dentinal tubules. No significant difference between Groups III, I V, and V was noted (p>0.05).
E-mail: A New Management Parameter
Authors: Day James 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
E-mail is an increasingly common way to share information within business communities and the general population. This technology can significantly affect the process of and expectations for communications between the clinician and the patient. The unique characteristics and attributes of computer-based communications can ultimately enhance outcomes for patient well-being if the clinician is informed, proactive, and avoids certain potential pitfalls related to the technology and its inclusion within the pattern of care.
In this article the author considers the impact of E-mail on personal and professional life and includes ideas the reader may find of value in managing and orchestrating this new dimension for communications.
The Quest for Information: A Guide to Searching the Internet
Authors: Day James 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Searching the Internet effectively necessitates the use of contemporary software programs commonly known as “search engines” to locate desired and meaningful information. Knowing how to effectively and efficiently utilize such search engines is critical for effective and efficient knowledge-seeking activities by the practitioner. Three categories of search engines are described in this article along with an explanation of strategies to maximize the efficiency of searching by appropriately using keywords and supplemental search operators. Examples of major search engines are included in the discussion.

Citation
Day J. The Quest for Information: A Guide to Searching the Internet. J Contemp Dent Pract 2001 Nov;(2)4: 033-043.
Fundamentals of Breath Malodour
Authors: Sanz Mariano , Roldán Silvia , Herrera David 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Breath malodour is a condition that has health and social implications. The origin of breath malodour problems are related to both systemic and oral conditions. The advice of dental professionals for treatment of this condition occurs with regularity since 90% of breath odor problems emanate from the oral cavity. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the etiology of breath odor, its prevalence, diagnosis, and treatment strategies for the condition.

Citation
Sanz M, Roldán S, Herrera D. Fundamentals of Breath Malodour. J Contemp Dent Pract 2001 Nov;(2)4: 001-017.
The Electronic Oral Health Record
Authors: Heid David W. , Chasteen Joseph , Forrey Arden W. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThis paper presents the history of the use of the computer for maintaining patient medical care information. An electronic record generated with a computer, which is non-specific for any healthcare specialty, is referred to as the electronic health record. The electronic health record was previously called the computer-based patient record. “Electronic” replaced the earlier term “computer-based” because “electronic” better describes the medium in which the patient record is managed. The electronic health record and its application to dentistry are discussed.The electronic health record is a “database” of patient information that has been entered by any healthcare provider; the electronic oral health record is an “electronic record” of oral health information that has been entered by an oral healthcare provider. The significant differences between the electronic health record and the electronic oral health record are outlined and highlighted. Included is a template describing a procedure to be used by dental personnel during the decision making process of purchasing an electronic oral health record. A brief description of a practice template is also provided. These completed templates can be shared with dental software vendors to clarify their understanding of and to clearly describe the needs of today's dental practice. The challenge of introducing information technology into educational institutions' curricula is identified. Finally, the potential benefit of using electronic technology for managing oral healthcare information is outlined.CitationHeid DW, Chasteen J, Forrey AW. The Electronic Oral Health Record. J Contemp Dent Pract 2002 Feb;(3)1: 043-054.
Microleakage of Packable Composites Used in Post Spaces Condensed Using Different Methods
Authors: Görgül Güliz , Tinaz A. Cemal , Alaçam Tayfun , Kivanç Bağdagül H. , Uzun Özgür 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the apical and coronal microleakage of a packable composite material compacted by either hand or ultrasonic condensers when placed in post spaces. Fortytwo extracted anterior teeth were used. After conventional obturation of the root canals, parallel post spaces 5 mm in depth and 2 mm in diameter were prepared using Gates Glidden and diamond burs. A primer and a dentin bonding agent (Prime & Bond NT) was applied to the etched surface for 30 seconds and light polymerized for 40 seconds. Surefil packable composite resin was inserted in four equal increments and each polymerized for 40 seconds. Half of the specimens were compacted with an ultrasonic tip and the other half with a mechanical hand compactor. After immersion in the dye, the teeth were sectioned longitudinally and dye penetration was evaluated using a stereomicroscope and microleakage recorded in mm. A One-Way Analysis of Variance indicated the two condensing methods were not statistically different (p>0.05). When microleakage was compared within groups, there was also no statistical difference between coronal or apical microleakage (p>0.05). In an in vitro environment, ultrasonic condensers do not offer any advantage over hand condensers. Both the coronal and apical portions of the root had microleakage indicating that regardless of the condensation method and the use of a packable composite, there is still microleakage that could potentially create further clinical problems.

Citation
Görgül G, Alaçam T, Kivanç BH, et. al. Microleakage of Packable Composites Used in Post Spaces Condensed Using Different Methods. J Contemp Dent Pract 2002 May;(3)2: 023-030.
Oral Home Care and the Reasons for Seeking Dental Care by Individuals on Renal Dialysis
Authors: Atassi Farhad 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
A cross-sectional study of 90 patients on renal dialysis was conducted to assess oral home care practices and the reasons for seeking dental care among these patients. Participants were divided into three groups based on the time they have been on renal dialysis. The groups were: (1) dialysis for less than one year, (2) dialysis for 1 to 3 years, and (3) dialysis for more than 3 years. Information regarding oral home care such as frequency of brushing, oral hygiene aids, and reasons for seeking dental care was obtained through a personal interview with the patients. Their oral health status was assessed using a plaque index and a gingival index. The means of plaque index were 1.716 (S.D 0.64), 2.161 (S.D 0.36), and 2.255 (S.D 0.42) respectively for the groups. The means of gingival index were 1.4278 (S.D 0.67), 1.9667 (S.D 0.38), and 2.0556 (S.D 0.35) for the three groups respectively. Tukey's post hoc test showed significant difference in both the indices between first and second groups and between the first and third groups, no significant difference was found between the second and third groups. The results indicate that oral home care practices were inadequate due to the presence of an unacceptable level of oral hygiene among the patients. Miswak (a wooden, Salvadora persica, chewing stick that is popular in the middle east to mechanically clean the teeth) has been found to be popular among the subjects. The primary purpose of dental clinic visits was for treatment of a dental problem rather than for the prevention of dental disease. There is a need for oral health promotion and especially prevention programs among the patients on renal dialysis.

Citation
Atassi F. Oral Home Care and the Reasons for Seeking Dental Care by Individuals on Renal Dialysis. J Contemp Dent Pract 2002 May;(3)2: 031-041.
Reducing Bacterial Counts in Dental Unit Waterlines: Tap Water vs. Distilled Water
Authors: Kettering James D. , Stephens Joni A. , Muñoz-Viveros Carlos A. , Naylor W. Patrick 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Background
The maximum recommended level of microbial contamination of water from dental unit waterlines (DUWL) is 200 colony-forming units per milliliter (CFU/mL). This article addresses the importance of water selection in achieving that standard.

Methods
Microbial contamination in water samples from 75 new dental units, with a closedcircuit water system, were compared using combinations of tap water and sterile distilled water with and without two chemical disinfectants (bleach and 0.12% chlorhexidine gluconate, Bio2000) over a six-week period. Baseline tap water samples were collected and tested initially.

Results
The microbial plate counts of seven tap water specimens (controls) ranged from 4 to 95 CFU/mL. These results were well below both the 500 CFU/mL standard for public drinking water and the 200 CFU/mL goal for dental treatment water. However, when passed through dental units, no significant bacterial reduction was achieved for samples of tap water (Group 1), tap water treated with bleach (Group 2), or tap water treated with Bio2000 (Group 4). Only water samples from dental units using Bio2000 alone (Group 3) or a combination of sterile, distilled water with Bio2000 (Group 5) met or exceeded the 200 CFU/mL standard.

Conclusions
Using tap water alone or tap water with bleach did not improve water quality. However, the American Dental Association (ADA) standard for reduced microbial contamination of dental unit waterlines was met using Bio2000 and distilled water treated with Bio2000.

Clinical Significance
The ADA standard of 200 CFU/mL was achieved using a closed water system and distilled water treated with Bio2000. Using 100% Bio2000 is also effective, but more costly.

Citation
Kettering JD, Stephens JD, Muñoz-Viveros CA, et. al. Reducing Bacterial Counts in Dental Unit Waterlines: Tap Water versus Distilled Water. J Contemp Dent Pract 2002 August;(3)3: 001-009.
A Review of the Clinical Management of Mobile Teeth
Authors: Bernal Guillermo , Carvajal Juan C. , Muñoz Carlos A. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe clinical management of mobile teeth can be a perplexing problem, especially if the underlying causes for that mobility have not been properly diagnosed. In some cases, mobile teeth are retained because patients decline multidisciplinary treatment that might otherwise include strategic extractions. This article discusses the relationship between occlusion and tooth mobility with an emphasis on identifying differences betweenincreasedmobility andincreasingmobility. The indications, contraindications, and basic principles of tooth splinting are also reviewed. Provisional and definitive splints are defined and described with their respective occlusal considerations. Some mobile teeth can be treated through occlusal equilibration alone (primary occlusal trauma). Whereas mobile teeth with a compromised periodontium can be stabilized with the aid of provisional and/or definitive splinting (secondary occlusal trauma). It is important to consider splint therapy, because it may not only improve the prognosis of teeth, but may actually enhance the stability of the final prosthodontic treatment. The ultimate goal of successful management of mobile teeth is to restore function and comfort by establishing a stable occlusion that promotes tooth retention and the maintenance of periodontal health.CitationBernal G, Carvajal JC, Muñoz-Viveros CA. Clinical management of mobile teeth. J Contemp Dent Pract 2002 November;(3)4:010-022.
Removable Partial Denture Design: A Study of a Selected Population in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Sadig Walid M. , Idowu Ayodeji T. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Determination of the incidence of various classes of removable partial dentures (RPDs) including their designs and their comparison with previous studies provide clinically useful information for dental training and continuing education. The purpose of this study is to determine the pattern of partial edentulism, the major connector, clasping, and design of 740 cobalt chromium RPD frameworks constructed for a selected population in Saudi Arabia. RPD framework design information and patient personal data were obtained from the work authorization form and the dental records respectively. The relationship among age, sex, nationality, and various Kennedy classes of the RPDs was determined by chi-square statistical analysis. Results indicate that Kennedy Class III removable partial dentures were the most frequently constructed. Although gender had no significant relationship, age and nationality had statistically significant relationship with the distribution of various Kennedy classes of removable partial dentures. Lingual bars and anterior posterior palatal straps were the most commonly used mandibular and maxillary major connectors. Lingual and palatal plates, however, were more frequently used than any major connectors for distal extension RPDs. Comparison with previous findings confirms the established variation in designing RPDs. The distribution of partially edentulousness revealed the influence of the general pattern of tooth loss, which could be modified by patient's demands and socio-economic status. Practitioners need to avail themselves fully of basic RPD design principles concerning the most commonly encountered classes of RPDs.

Citation
Sadig WM, Idowu AT. Removable partial denture design: A study of a selected population in Saudi Arabia. J Contemp Dent Pract 2002 November;(3)4:040-053.
The Effect of a 10% Carbamide Peroxide Home Bleaching System on the Gingival Health
Authors: Almas Khalid , Al-Harbi Mawahib , Al-Gunaim Maryam 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Esthetics plays an important role in dentistry today. Because of an increased emphasis on beauty and health, cosmetic dentistry has been the thrust to the forefront of many practices. Many health products are used for bleaching teeth, but all side effects are not known. Tooth sensitivity and gingival irritation are the most common side effects, but they are typically mild and transient in nature. The aim of this investigation was to evaluate objectively the effect of 10% carbamide peroxide gel (OpalescenceTM Utradent Inc, USA) on gingival health by measuring changes in Bleeding Index, Plaque Index, and Gingival Index. Eighteen subjects, 11 female and 7 male, age range 15-30 years (mean 24 years), were selected for the study as a convenient sample. Their teeth had either fluorosis, dental stains, smoking, or tetracycline staining. The Opalescence system was used as office monitored, at-home bleaching for three weeks. There was a statistically significant reduction in bleeding on probing (1% - 37%, p < 0.003), Plaque Index (4% - 50%, p < 0.000), and Gingival Index (2.5% - 34%, p < 0.002). Only two subjects reported tooth hypersensitivity, and none of the subjects complained about gingival irritation. There was a positive change in tooth color as far as staining was concerned. Further research including randomized controlled, double blind clinical trials is needed to confirm these findings and to examine other factors related to bleaching of teeth.

Citation
Almas K, Al-Harbi M. The Effect of A 10% Carbamide Peroxide Home Bleaching System on the Gingival Health. J Contemp Dent Pract 2003 February;(4)1:032-041.
Evidence-Based Decision Making in Action: Part 2 – Evaluating and Applying the Clinical Evidence
Authors: Forrest Jane L. , Miller Syrene A. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
This is the second of a two-part series addressing the use of evidence-based decision making (EBDM) in the use of home bleaching. In Part 1, a case scenario demonstrated the skills involved in (1) structuring a clinical question and (2) conducting an online search using PubMed.1 Part 2 demonstrates the third and fourth steps in the EBDM process, i.e., (3) critical appraisal to assess the validity of a study and (4) applying that information to clinical decision making. This 4-step approach to EBDM recognizes that clinicians can never be completely current with all conditions, medications, materials, and products. Thus, EBDM provides a mechanism for addressing these gaps in knowledge in order to provide the best care possible.

Citation
Forrest JL, Miller SA. Evidence-Based Decision Making in Action: Part 2 – Evaluating and Applying the Clinical Evidence. J Contemp Dent Pract 2003 February;(4)1:042-052.
Cephalometric Soft Tissue Profile Analysis Between Two Different Ethnic Groups: A Comparative Study
Authors: Hashim Hayder Abdallah , Albarakati Sahar F. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The aim of this investigation was to study and compare the cephalometric soft tissue profile analysis between Saudis and Caucasian Americans. The study was carried out using standardized cephalometric radiographs of 56 Saudi subjects (30 males and 26 females) with pleasant and balanced facial profiles, competent lips, normal overjet and overbite, and showing no craniofacial deformities. Subject ages ranged from 22 to 23 years. One skeletal and thirteen soft tissue variables were investigated. F-test, two samples t-test, Mann-Whitney, and Wilcoxon tests were used for data analysis. The results showed no statistical significant differences between the Saudi males and females except for the angle of total facial convexity, soft tissue facial plane angle, lower lip length, sagittal nasal tip to the most protrusive lip distance, and also sagittal chin to the most protrusive lip distance. The Saudi females had a greater angle of total facial convexity and soft tissue facial plane angle than the males. In addition, the females had a shorter lower lip. They also had a short distance between the nasal tip and chin to the most protrusive lip. These results reveal significant differences in most of the soft tissue variables when comparing Saudis with Caucasian Americans as well as in other ethnic groups. Most of these variables are essential for the diagnosis and treatment planning of cases requiring orthodontics and orthognathic surgery.

Citation
Hashim HA, AlBarakati SF. Cephalometric Soft Tissue Profile Analysis Between Two Different Ethnic Groups: A Comparative Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2003 May;(4)2:060-073.