bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of Computer‐Based Telephone Counseling on Long‐Term Adherence to Strength Training in Elderly Patients With Knee Osteoarthritis: A Randomized Trial
Authors: Baker Kristin , LaValley Michael P. , Brown Carrie , Felson David T. , Ledingham Aileen , Keysor Julie J. 
Published: May 2019

ObjectiveTo determine whether the Boston Overcoming Osteoarthritis through Strength Training Telephone‐Linked Communication (BOOST‐TLC) program, a novel telephone‐based, motivational, strength‐training exercise‐adherence counseling intervention, improved adherence to a strength‐training exercise program over 2 years.MethodsParticipants were recruited for this 2‐year, single‐blind, parallel‐arm randomized controlled trial from knee osteoarthritis patient registries, community newspapers, and online websites in Massachusetts. Eligibility criteria included age 50 years or older, painful knee osteoarthritis, and ability to use a telephone. Exclusion criteria included medical conditions precluding exercise, inflammatory arthritis, current regular strength training, planned knee replacement surgery, dementia, inability to follow exercise instructions, and inability to use the TLC system. After participating in a group exercise class, participants were randomized to receiving motivational telephone calls through the BOOST‐TLC program for 24 months or the control. Both control and intervention participants received a monthly automated phone message reminder to continue the program. Exercise adherence was ascertained by a single self‐report item scored 0–10, where 10 represented complete adherence. Outcomes were evaluated at 6, 12, 18, and 24 months.ResultsA total of 104 subjects were randomized, and 89 subjects (44 control, 45 TLC) completed the 24‐month follow‐up. There was no significant difference in adherence at 24 months between groups (mean for control group 4.01 [95% confidence interval (95% CI) 3.03, 4.99], mean for TLC subjects 3.63 [95% CI 2.70, 4.56]; P = 0.57).ConclusionIn those with knee osteoarthritis who had participated in an exercise program, frequent motivational telephone reminders did not increase adherence to strength‐training exercise.
Arthritis, Sleep Health, and Systemic Inflammation in Older Men
Authors: Lee Soomi , Stone Katie L. , Engeland Christopher G. , Lane Nancy E. , Buxton Orfeu M. 
Published: May 2019

ObjectiveTo examine the associations of prevalent arthritis with systemic inflammation in older men and to test whether sleep health mediates the associations.MethodsCross‐sectional data came from 2,562 community‐dwelling older men (all were age 65 years or older; mean age 76 years) in the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men Study who participated in a sleep ancillary study in 2003–2005. Participants were classified as having osteoarthritis (OA) (24%) or rheumatoid arthritis (RA) (0.7%) based on self‐reported diagnoses and medication use. We constructed a composite score of multidimensional sleep health (i.e., perceived sleep quality, sleepiness, frequency of daytime napping, wake after sleep onset, and sleep duration) measured by both self‐report and actigraphy. We also created binary indicators of elevated inflammation using C‐reactive protein (CRP) (>3 mg/liter) and interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) (>1.08 pg/ml) levels. Analyses controlled for age, diagnosed sleep disorders, body mass index, smoking status, relevant medication use, and comorbidities.ResultsOlder men with OA did not have higher risk of elevated CRP or IL‐6 levels. However, indirect associations of OA through sleep health were found. OA was associated with poorer sleep health, which was further associated with 16% higher odds of elevated CRP (P < 0.001) and 12% higher odds of elevated IL‐6 (P < 0.01) levels after controlling for OA. Older men with RA had higher odds of elevated CRP and IL‐6 levels, but the associations were not mediated by sleep health.ConclusionFindings suggest that promoting sleep health may help reduce the risk of systemic inflammation in older men with OA.
Dietary Omega Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Intake and Patient‐Reported Outcomes in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: The Michigan Lupus Epidemiology and Surveillance Program
Authors: Charoenwoodhipong Prae , Harlow Sioban D. , Marder Wendy , Hassett Afton L. , McCune W. Joseph , Gordon Caroline , Helmick Charles G. , Barbour Kamil E. , Wang Lu , Mancuso Peter , Somers Emily C. , Zick Suzanna M. 
Published: May 2019

ObjectiveTo examine associations between dietary intake of omega‐3 (n‐3; generally antiinflammatory) and omega‐6 (n‐6; generally proinflammatory) fatty acids and patient‐reported outcomes in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).MethodsThis study was based on the population‐based Michigan Lupus Epidemiology and Surveillance cohort. Estimates of n‐3 and n‐6 intake were derived from Diet History Questionnaire II items (past year with portion size version). Patient‐reported outcomes included self‐reported lupus activity (Systemic Lupus Activity Questionnaire [SLAQ]). Multivariable regression, adjusted for age, sex, race, and body mass index, was used to assess associations between absolute intake of n‐3 and n‐6, as well as the n‐6:n‐3 ratio, and patient‐reported outcomes.ResultsAmong 456 SLE cases, 425 (93.2%) were female, 207 (45.4%) were African American, and the mean ± SD age was 52.9 ± 12.3 years. Controlling for potential confounders, the average SLAQ score was significantly higher by 0.3 points (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 0.1, 0.6; P = 0.013) with each unit increase of the n‐6:n‐3 ratio. Both lupus activity and Patient‐Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) sleep disturbance scores were lower with each 1‐gram/1,000 kcal increase of n‐3 fatty acids (SLAQ regression coefficient β = –0.8 [95% CI –1.6, 0.0]; P = 0.055; PROMIS sleep β = –1.1 [95% CI –2.0, –0.2]; P = 0.017). Higher n‐3 intakes were nonsignificantly associated with lower levels of depressive symptoms and comorbid fibromyalgia, and with higher quality of life, whereas results for the n6:n3 ratio trended in the opposite direction.ConclusionThis population‐based study suggests that higher dietary intake of n‐3 fatty acids and lower n‐6:n‐3 ratios are favorably associated with patient‐reported outcomes in SLE, particularly self‐reported lupus activity and sleep quality.
Coexistent Hyperuricemia and Gout in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Associations With Comorbidities, Disease Activity, and Mortality
Authors: Chiou Andrew , England Bryant R. , Sayles Harlan , Thiele Geoffrey M. , Duryee Michael J. , Baker Joshua F. , Singh Namrata , Cannon Grant W. , Kerr Gail S. , Reimold Andreas , Gaffo Angelo , Mikuls Ted R. 
Published: May 2019

ObjectiveAlthough hyperuricemia and gout can complicate the course of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), the impact of these factors on outcomes in RA is unclear. We undertook this study to examine associations of coexistent hyperuricemia and gout with RA disease measures, RA treatments, and survival.MethodsParticipants from a longitudinal RA study were categorized by the presence of gout and serum urate (UA) status. Groups were compared by baseline patient characteristics, RA disease activity, treatments, and comorbidities. Associations of baseline serum UA levels with all‐cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD)–related mortality were examined in multivariable survival analyses.ResultsOf 1,999 participants with RA, 341 (17%) had serum UA concentrations of >6.8 mg/dl, and 121 (6.1%) were diagnosed with gout. There were no significant associations of serum UA concentration or gout with RA disease activity or treatment at enrollment, with the exception that those with gout were more likely to be receiving sulfasalazine and less likely to be receiving nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs. After adjustments for age and sex, moderate hyperuricemia (serum UA >6.8 to ≤8 mg/dl) was associated with an increased risk of CVD‐related mortality (hazard ratio 1.56 [95% confidence interval 1.11–2.21]). This association was attenuated and not significant following additional adjustment for comorbidities that more commonly accompany hyperuricemia. Results corresponding with serum UA concentrations of >8.0 mg/dl were similar, although not reaching statistical significance in any model. There were no associations of baseline serum UA concentration with all‐cause mortality.ConclusionOur study reports the frequency of hyperuricemia and gout in patients with RA. These results demonstrate strong associations of hyperuricemia with CVD mortality in this population, a risk that appears to be driven by excess comorbidity.
Mimicking Neuroplasticity in a Hybrid Biopolymer Transistor by Dual Modes Modulation
Authors: Lv Ziyu , Chen Meng , Qian Fangsheng , Roy Vellaisamy A. L. , Ye Wenbin , She Donghong , Wang Yan , Xu Zong‐Xiang , Zhou Ye , Han Su‐Ting 
Published: May 2019

AbstractNeuromorphic computing systems that are capable of parallel information storage and processing with high area and energy efficiencies, offer important opportunities for future storage systems and in‐memory computing. Here, it is shown that a carbon dots/silk protein (CDs/silk) blend can be used as a light‐tunable charge trapping medium to fabricate an electro‐photoactive transistor synapse. The synaptic device can be optically operated in volatile or nonvolatile modes, ensuring concomitant short‐term and long‐term neuroplasticity. The synaptic‐like behaviors are attributed to the photogating effect induced by trapped photogenerated electrons in the hybrid CDs/silk film which is confirmed with atomic force microscopy based electrical techniques. In addition, system‐level pattern recognition capability of the synaptic device is evaluated by a single‐layer perceptron model. The remote optical operation of neuromorphic architecture provides promising building blocks to complete bioinspired photonic computing paradigms.
Manganese‐Based Na‐Rich Materials Boost Anionic Redox in High‐Performance Layered Cathodes for Sodium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Zhang Xiaoyu , Qiao Yu , Guo Shaohua , Jiang Kezhu , Xu Sheng , Xu Hang , Wang Peng , He Ping , Zhou Haoshen 
Published: May 2019

AbstractTo improve the energy and power density of Na‐ion batteries, an increasing number of researchers have focused their attention on activation of the anionic redox process. Although several materials have been proposed, few studies have focused on the Na‐rich materials compared with Li‐rich materials. A key aspect is sufficient utilization of anionic species. Herein, a comprehensive study of Mn‐based Na1.2Mn0.4Ir0.4O2 (NMI) O3‐type Na‐rich materials is presented, which involves both cationic and anionic contributions during the redox process. The single‐cation redox step relies on the Mn3+/Mn4+, whereas Ir atoms build a strong covalent bond with O and effectively suppress the O2 release. In situ Raman, ex situ X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and soft‐X‐ray absorption spectroscopy are employed to unequivocally confirm the reversibility of O22− species formation and suggest a high degree of anionic reaction in this NMI Na‐rich material. In operando X‐ray diffraction study discloses the asymmetric structure evolution between the initial and subsequent cycles, which also explains the effect of the charge compensation mechanism on the electrochemical performance. The research provides a novel insight on Na‐rich materials and a new perspective in materials design towards future applications.
Tunable Modal Birefringence in a Low‐Loss Van Der Waals Waveguide
Authors: Hu Debo , Chen Ke , Chen Xinzhong , Guo Xiangdong , Liu Mengkun , Dai Qing 
Published: May 2019

Abstractvan der Waals (vdW) crystals are promising candidates for integrated phase retardation applications due to their large optical birefringence. Among the two major types of vdW materials, the hyperbolic vdW crystals are inherently inadequate for optical retardation applications since the supported polaritonic modes are exclusively transverse‐magnetic (TM) polarized and relatively lossy. Elliptic vdW crystals, on the other hand, represent a superior choice. For example, molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) is a natural uniaxial vdW crystal with extreme elliptic anisotropy in the frequency range of optical communication. Both transverse‐electric (TE) polarized ordinary and TM polarized extraordinary waveguide modes can be supported in MoS2 microcrystals with suitable thicknesses. In this work, low‐loss transmission of these guided modes is demonstrated with nano‐optical imaging at the near‐infrared (NIR) wavelength (1530 nm). More importantly, by combining theoretical calculations and NIR nanoimaging, the modal birefringence between the orthogonally polarized TE and TM modes is shown to be tunable in both sign and magnitude via varying the thickness of the MoS2 microcrystal. This tunability represents a unique new opportunity to control the polarization behavior of photons with vdW materials.
Hydrophobic Hydrogels with Fruit‐Like Structure and Functions
Authors: Guo Hui , Nakajima Tasuku , Hourdet Dominique , Marcellan Alba , Creton Costantino , Hong Wei , Kurokawa Takayuki , Gong Jian Ping 
Published: May 2019

AbstractNormally, a polymer network swells in a good solvent to form a gel but the gel shrinks in a poor solvent. Here, an abnormal phenomenon is reported: some hydrophobic gels significantly swell in water, reaching water content as high as 99.6 wt%. Such abnormal swelling behaviors in the nonsolvent water are observed universally for various hydrophobic organogels containing omniphilic organic solvents that have a higher affinity to water than to the hydrophobic polymers. The formation of a semipermeable skin layer due to rapid phase separation, and the asymmetric diffusion of water molecules into the gel driven by the high osmotic pressure of the organic solvent–water mixing, are found to be the reasons. As a result, the hydrophobic hydrogels have a fruit‐like structure, consisting of hydrophobic skin and water‐trapped micropores, to display various unique properties, such as significantly enhanced strength, surface hydrophobicity, and antidrying, despite their extremely high water content. Furthermore, the hydrophobic hydrogels exhibit selective water absorption from concentrated saline solutions and rapid water release at a small pressure like squeezing juices from fruits. These novel functions of hydrophobic hydrogels will find promising applications, e.g., as materials that can automatically take the fresh water from seawater.
Conductivity Tuning via Doping with Electron Donating and Withdrawing Molecules in Perovskite CsPbI3 Nanocrystal Films
Authors: Gaulding E. Ashley , Hao Ji , Kang Hyun Suk , Miller Elisa M. , Habisreutinger Severin N. , Zhao Qian , Hazarika Abhijit , Sercel Peter C. , Luther Joseph M. , Blackburn Jeffrey L. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractDoping of semiconductors enables fine control over the excess charge carriers, and thus the overall electronic properties, crucial to many technologies. Controlled doping in lead‐halide perovskite semiconductors has thus far proven to be difficult. However, lower dimensional perovskites such as nanocrystals, with their high surface‐area‐to‐volume ratio, are particularly well‐suited for doping via ground‐state molecular charge transfer. Here, the tunability of the electronic properties of perovskite nanocrystal arrays is detailed using physically adsorbed molecular dopants. Incorporation of the dopant molecules into electronically coupled CsPbI3 nanocrystal arrays is confirmed via infrared and photoelectron spectroscopies. Untreated CsPbI3 nanocrystal films are found to be slightly p‐type with increasing conductivity achieved by incorporating the electron‐accepting dopant 2,3,5,6‐tetrafluoro‐7,7,8,8‐tetracyanoquinodimethane (F4TCNQ) and decreasing conductivity for the electron‐donating dopant benzyl viologen. Time‐resolved spectroscopic measurements reveal the time scales of Auger‐mediated recombination in the presence of excess electrons or holes. Microwave conductance and field‐effect transistor measurements demonstrate that both the local and long‐range hole mobility are improved by F4TCNQ doping of the nanocrystal arrays. The improved hole mobility in photoexcited p‐type arrays leads to a pronounced enhancement in phototransistors.
Exploiting Two‐Step Processed Mixed 2D/3D Perovskites for Bright Green Light Emitting Diodes
Authors: Yan Jielin , Croes Guillaume , Fakharuddin Azhar , Song Wenya , Heremans Paul , Chen Hongzheng , Qiu Weiming 
Published: May 2019

AbstractMixed 2D/3D perovskite films with self‐assembled quantum wells have significantly improved the performance of perovskite light emitting diodes (PeLEDs). In this work, such films are fabricated through a two‐step interdiffusion method that is widely employed in processing of perovskite solar cells, however, remains rarely explored for PeLEDs. The effects of incorporating large‐cation ligand, i.e., butylammonium bromide (BABr) into formamidinium lead bromide (FAPbBr3) based perovskites, in terms of film composition, morphology, optoelectronic properties as well as device performance are thoroughly investigated in this method. By modulating BABr:PbBr2 ratio in the precursor solution, the optimal device shows a maximum external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 7.36% at 147.7 mA cm−2 and a brightness of 37 720 Cd m−2 at 5 V. The performance is remarkably higher than a reference device without BABr that shows a maximum EQE of 2.53% and a brightness of 6190 Cd m−2 at 5 V. The versatility of this method is further extended to another large‐cation ligand, 4‐fluoro‐benzylammonium bromide (F‐BZABr), which leads to maximum EQE of 8.55%. This work indicates two‐step processed mixed 2D/3D perovskites are promising for bright green PeLEDs.
High incidence of venous thromboembolism recurrence in patients with sickle cell disease
Authors: Brunson Ann , Keegan Theresa , Mahajan Anjlee , White Richard , Wun Ted 
Published: May 2019

AbstractPrevious reports show increased incidence of venous thromboembolism [VTE, deep‐vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolus (PE)] in sickle cell disease (SCD) patients. The incidence, time course, and risk factors for VTE recurrence have been less well described. We determined the cumulative incidence of first VTE recurrence and bleeding in a cohort of SCD patients with incident VTE. Risk factors for recurrence and bleeding were also determined using multivariable Cox regression models, adjusting for gender, race/ethnicity, era of incident VTE, location and hospitalization‐associated status of incident VTE, and SCD‐related complications. Results are presented as adjusted hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Among 877 SCD patients with an incident VTE, the 1‐year and 5‐year cumulative incidence of recurrence was 13.2% (95% CI 11.0%‐15.5%) and 24.1% (95% CI 21.2%‐27.1%). Risk factors for VTE recurrence included more severe SCD (HR = 2.41; CI: 1.67‐3.47), lower extremity DVT as the incident event (HR = 1.64; CI: 1.17‐2.30), and pneumonia/acute chest syndrome (HR = 1.68; CI: 1.15‐2.45). The cumulative incidence of bleeding was 4.9% (CI 3.5%‐6.4%) at 6 months and 7.9% (CI: 6.2%‐9.8%) at 1 year. More severe SCD (HR = 1.61; CI: 1.11‐2.35) was associated with bleeding. The high incidence of VTE recurrence in patients with SCD suggests that extended anticoagulation may be indicated; however, this must be weighed against a relatively high risk of bleeding. Prospective, randomized studies of anticoagulation in SCD patients with VTE are needed.
Alveolar capillary dysplasia with misalignment of the pulmonary veins and hypoplastic left heart sequence caused by an in frame deletion within FOXF1
Authors: Bourque Danielle K. , Fonseca Inara Chacon , Staines Andrea , Teitelbaum Ronni , Axford Michelle M. , Jobling Rebekah , Chiasson David , Chitayat David 
Published: May 2019

AbstractAlveolar capillary dysplasia with misalignment of the pulmonary veins (ACDMPV) is a rare, autosomal dominant disorder of interstitial lung development, leading to pulmonary hypertension, and death in infancy. Associated features include malformations of the heart, gastrointestinal tract, and genitourinary system. ACDMPV is caused by heterozygous variants in the FOXF1 gene or microdeletions involving FOXF1. We present a male infant with ACDMPV, hypoplastic left heart sequence (HLHS), duodenal atresia, and imperforate anus due to a de novo, in frame deletion in FOXF1: c.209_214del (p.Thr70_Leu71del). Previous reports have suggested that microdeletions involving FOXF1 are associated with ACDMPV with congenital heart defects, including HLHS, gastrointestinal atresias, and other anomalies; whereas likely pathogenic variants within FOXF1 have not been reported with ACDMPV and HLHS. This is the first patient reported with ACDMPV, HLHS, imperforate anus, and duodenal atresia associated with a likely pathogenic variant in the FOXF1 gene.
A report on state‐wide implementation of newborn screening for X‐linked Adrenoleukodystrophy
Authors: Wiens Katie , Berry Susan A. , Choi Hyoung , Gaviglio Amy , Gupta Ashish , Hietala Amy , Kenney‐Jung Daniel , Lund Troy , Miller Weston , Pierpont Elizabeth I. , Raymond Gerald , Winslow Holly , Zierhut Heather A. , Orchard Paul J. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractMinnesota became the fourth state to begin newborn screening (NBS) for X‐linked adrenoleukodystrophy (X‐ALD) in 2017. As there is limited retrospective data available on NBS for X‐ALD, we analyzed Minnesota's NBS results from the first year of screening. C26:0 lysophosphatidylcholine (C26:0‐LPC) screening results of 67,836 infants and confirmatory testing (ABCD1 gene and serum VLCFA analysis) for screen positives were obtained. Fourteen infants (nine males, five females) screened positive for X‐ALD and all were subsequently confirmed to have X‐ALD, with zero false positives. The birth prevalence of X‐ALD in screened infants was 1 in 4,845 and 1 in 3,878 males, more than five times previous reported incidences. Pedigrees of affected infants were analyzed, and 17 male (mean age of 17) and 24 female relatives were subsequently diagnosed with X‐ALD. Phenotypes of these family members included self‐reported mild neuropathy symptoms in two males and seven females, and childhood cerebral disease (ccALD) and adrenal insufficiency in one male. We observed fewer cases of ccALD and adrenal insufficiency than expected in male family members (5.9% of males for both) compared to previous observations. Together, these findings suggest that the spectrum of X‐ALD may be broader than previously described and that milder cases may previously have been underrepresented. Other challenges included a high frequency of variants of uncertain significance in ABCD1 and an inability to predict phenotypic severity. We posit that thoughtful planning to address these novel challenges and coordination by dedicated specialists will be imperative for successful implementation of population‐based screening for X‐ALD.
Phenotypic spectrum of ALPK3‐related cardiomyopathy
Authors: Al Senaidi Khalfan , Joshi Niranjan , Al‐Nabhani Maryam , Al‐Kasbi Ghalia , Al Farqani Abdullah , Al‐Thihli Khalid , Al‐Maawali Almundher 
Published: May 2019

AbstractCardiomyopathies are clinically heterogeneous disorders and are the leading cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Different etiologies have a significant impact on prognosis. Recently, novel biallelic loss‐of‐function pathogenic variants in alpha‐kinase 3 (ALPK3) were implicated in causing early‐onset pediatric cardiomyopathy (cardiomyopathy, familial hypertrophic 27; OMIM 618052). To date, eight patients, all presented during early childhood, were reported with biallelic ALPK3 pathogenic variants. We describe the molecular and clinical phenotype characterization of familial cardiomyopathy on one family with six affected individuals. We identified homozygosity for an ALPK3 deleterious sequence variant (NM_020778.4:c.639G>A:p.Trp213*) in all the affected individuals. They presented with either dilated cardiomyopathy that progressed to hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) or HCM with left ventricular noncompaction. The age of presentation in our cohort extends between infancy to the fourth decade. The phenotypic severity decreases with the progression of age.