bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Estimating age‐dependent survival from age‐aggregated ringing data—extending the use of historical records
Authors: Jiménez‐Muñoz Marina , Cole Diana J. , Freeman Stephen N. , Robinson Robert A. , Baillie Stephen R. , Matechou Eleni 
Published: February 2019

AbstractBird ring‐recovery data have been widely used to estimate demographic parameters such as survival probabilities since the mid‐20th century. However, while the total number of birds ringed each year is usually known, historical information on age at ringing is often not available. A standard ring‐recovery model, for which information on age at ringing is required, cannot be used when historical data are incomplete. We develop a new model to estimate age‐dependent survival probabilities from such historical data when age at ringing is not recorded; we call this the historical data model. This new model provides an extension to the model of Robinson, 2010, Ibis, 152, 651–795 by estimating the proportion of the ringed birds marked as juveniles as an additional parameter. We conduct a simulation study to examine the performance of the historical data model and compare it with other models including the standard and conditional ring‐recovery models. Simulation studies show that the approach of Robinson, 2010, Ibis, 152, 651–795 can cause bias in parameter estimates. In contrast, the historical data model yields similar parameter estimates to the standard model. Parameter redundancy results show that the newly developed historical data model is comparable to the standard ring‐recovery model, in terms of which parameters can be estimated, and has fewer identifiability issues than the conditional model. We illustrate the new proposed model using Blackbird and Sandwich Tern data. The new historical data model allows us to make full use of historical data and estimate the same parameters as the standard model with incomplete data, and in doing so, detect potential changes in demographic parameters further back in time.
Glial TLR2‐driven innate immune responses and CD8+ T cell activation against brain tumor
Authors: Chang Chi Young , Jeon Sae‐Bom , Yoon Hee Jung , Choi Bum‐Kyu , Kim Sang Soo , Oshima Masanobu , Park Eun Jung 
Published: February 2019

AbstractGrowing interest has been focused on the roles of microglia as sentinels and effector cells that guard diverse pathological milieu in the brain. Here, it has been reported that microglial TLR2 is a crucial molecule that confers innate and adaptive immunity against brain tumor. TLR2 is preferentially expressed on microglia, brain‐resident immune cells, in the tumor‐bearing cerebral hemisphere of mouse and rat intracranial tumor models. Microglial TLR2 rapidly responds to brain tumor and modulates the inflammation‐associated immune responses including phagocytosis, which are markedly decreased in TLR2‐deficient mice. We further reveal that TLR2, but not TLR4, is essential for the tumor‐triggered increase of MHC I in microglia. in vitro co‐culture and in vivo experiments show that the glial TLR2‐MHC I axis contributes to the proliferation and activation of CD8+ T cells by brain tumor. In addition, brain tumor‐bearing β2m−/−, Tlr2−/−, or Rag2
−/−γc
−/− mice exhibit higher tumor volumes compared with WT mice with tumor. Survival analysis of GL26‐bearing MHC I‐defective mice also support the contribution of glial TLR2‐MHC I axis to brain tumor immunity. Moreover, using publicly available data sets of human brain tumor patients, we find that glioblastoma (GBM) tissues with high TLR2 level have similar co‐occurrence patterns with MHC I molecules, and the amounts and activity of infiltrating CD8+ T cells are correlated with TLR2 level in tissues from GBM patients. Collectively, our findings provide the importance of glial TLR2‐driven innate and adaptive immune responses in the brain tumor microenvironment.
Recreational use of GHB is associated with alterations of resting state functional connectivity of the central executive and default mode networks
Authors: Raposo Pereira Filipa , Zhutovsky Paul , Mcmaster Minni T.B. , Polderman Nikki , de Vries Yvon D.A.T. , van den Brink Wim , van Wingen Guido A. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractGamma‐hydroxybutyrate acid (GHB) is a recreational drug with a high addictive potential. Severe side effects such as GHB‐induced coma are common and linked to increased emergency room attendances. Task‐based functional‐imaging studies have revealed an association between the regular use of GHB and multiple GHB‐induced comas, and altered neurocognitive function. However the effects of multiple GHB‐induced comas and regular GHB‐use on intrinsic brain connectivity during rest remain unknown. The study population consisted of 23 GHB‐users with ≥4 GHB‐induced comas (GHB‐Coma), 22 GHB‐users who never experienced a GHB‐induced coma (GHB‐NoComa) and 24 polydrug users who never used GHB (No‐GHB). Resting‐state scans were collected to assess resting‐state functional‐connectivity within and between the default mode network (DMN), the bilateral central executive network (CEN) and the salience network (SN). The GHB‐NoComa group showed decreased rsFC of the right CEN with a region in the anterior cingulate cortex (pFWE = 0.048) and decreased rsFC between the right CEN and the DMN (pFWE = 0.048) when compared with the No‐GHB group. These results suggest that regular GHB‐use is associated with decreased rsFC within the right CEN and between the right CEN and the DMN. The presence of multiple GHB‐induced comas is not associated with (additional) alterations in rsFC.
The addition of chemotherapy to radiotherapy did not reduce the rate of distant metastases in low‐risk HPV‐related oropharyngeal cancer in a real‐world setting
Authors: Hall Stephen F. , Griffiths Rebecca J. , O'Sullivan Brian , Liu Fei‐Fei 
Published: February 2019

AbstractBackgroundDistant metastases (DM) are a leading cause of death for patients with oropharyngeal cancer (OPSCC). The objective of this study was to compare the rates of DM after chemoradiotherapy (CRT) and radiotherapy alone (RT) in patients with human papillomavirus (HPV)‐positive and HPV‐negative OPSCC.MethodIn a retrospective population‐based study of 525 patients across Ontario, Canada, in 1998/99/03/04, we compared treatment effectiveness using cumulative incidence function curves and cause‐specific Cox regression models.ResultsSixty of 525 patients developed DM. There was no difference in rates (overall 10%‐15%) between HPV‐positive and HPV‐negative patients or between CRT‐ and RT‐treated patients. CRT reduced the risk of DM for the 15% of all HPV‐positive patients with higher risk (T4 and/or N3) and not for HPV‐negative patients (hazard ratio, 1.82 [0.65‐5.07]).ConclusionThe addition of platin‐based chemotherapy to conventional RT did not decrease the rates of DM in the majority of patients with HPV‐positive or in HPV‐negative OPSSC.
Quality of life after microvascular mandibular reconstruction for osteoradionecrosis—A prospective study
Authors: Danielsson Daniel , Munck‐Wikland Eva , Hagel Eva , Halle Martin 
Published: February 2019

AbstractBackgroundReconstructive surgery for mandibular osteoradionecrosis is increasing; however, evidence regarding the impact on health‐related quality of life is lacking. The current exploratory study prospectively investigates whether resection with reconstruction is associated with changes in HRQoL parameters for these patients.MethodsSeventeen patients underwent microvascular reconstruction for mandibular osteoradionecrosis between 2012 and 2015, and 16 completed the EORTC quality of life questionnaires QLQ‐C30 and QLQ‐H&N35 1 month before and 1 year after surgery.ResultsIncreases in emotional (P = 0.01) and social functioning (P = 0.004) were observed, together with improvements in the fatigue (P = 0.04), appetite loss (P = 0.02) and pain (P = 0.02) scores, as evaluated by the QLQ‐C30. Pain reduction was further confirmed by the QLQ‐H&N35 (P = 0.04), which also showed improved scores for feeling ill (P = 0.001) and sexual difficulties (P = 0.04).ConclusionThis exploratory study suggests that microvascular reconstruction after mandibular osteoradionecrosis may improve HRQoL, with an emphasis on pain reduction; however, further studies are needed.
Thioether‐Functionalized Quinone‐Based Resorcin[4]arene Cavitands: Electroswitchable Molecular Actuators
Authors: Milić Jovana V. , Schneeberger Thomas , Zalibera Michal , Milowska Karolina Z. , Ong Quy K. , Trapp Nils , Ruhlmann Laurent , Boudon Corinne , Thilgen Carlo , Diederich François 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe utility of molecular actuators in nanoelectronics requires activation of mechanical motion by electric charge at the interface with conductive surfaces. We functionalized redox‐active resorcin[4]arene‐quinone cavitands with thioethers as surface‐anchoring groups at the lower rim and investigated their propensity to act as electroswitchable actuators that can adopt two different conformations in response to changes in applied potential. Molecular design was assessed by DFT calculations and X‐ray analysis. Electronic properties were experimentally studied in solution and thin films electrochemically, as well as by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy on gold substrates. The redox interconversion between the oxidized (quinone, Q) and the reduced (semiquinone, SQ) state was monitored by UV‐Vis‐NIR spectroelectrochemistry and EPR spectroscopy. Reduction to the SQ state induces a conformational change, providing the basis for potential voltage‐controlled molecular actuating devices.
Autobiographical memory specificity across life periods in people with schizophrenia
Authors: Nieto Marta , Latorre José Miguel , García‐Rico María Arantzazu , Hernández‐Viadel José Vicente , Ros Laura , Ricarte Jorge Javier 
Published: February 2019

AbstractObjectiveBecause the well‐known relationship between autobiographical memory (AM) with social functioning and psychopathology can manifest itself in a different way for memories of different life periods, the current work assesses AM specificity deficits across different life stages in people with schizophrenia.MethodThis cross‐sectional study compares the performance of specific AM in people with a diagnosis of schizophrenia (n = 53, 78% male, 39.03 mean age) and controls (
n = 69, 88% male, 36.65 mean age) for four life periods (childhood, adolescence, early adulthood, and the year preceding the assessment) using the Autobiographical Memory Enquiry.ResultsThe results revealed worse AM performance in people with schizophrenia, especially for memory of events occurring over the preceding year, and the use of overgeneral memory style for life periods succeeding childhood.ConclusionThese results highlight the need for systematic assessment of difficulties in retrieving specific memories across life periods in people with schizophrenia.
Exosomes derived from SDF1‐overexpressing mesenchymal stem cells inhibit ischemic myocardial cell apoptosis and promote cardiac endothelial microvascular regeneration in mice with myocardial infarction
Authors: Gong Xu‐He , Liu Hui , Wang Si‐Jia , Liang Si‐Wen , Wang Guo‐Gan 
Published: February 2019

AbstractExosomes extracted from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) was reported to reduce myocardial ischemia/reperfusion damage. Besides, stromal‐derived factor 1 (SDF1a) functions as cardiac repair after myocardial infarction (MI). Therefore, the present study aims to identify whether exosomes (Exo) released from SDF1‐overexpressing MSCs display a beneficial effect on ischemic myocardial infarction. Initially, a gain‐of‐function study was performed to investigate the function of SDF1 in ischemic myocardial cells and cardiac endothelial cells. Coculture experiments were performed to measure potential exosomic transfer of SDF1 from MSCs to ischemic myocardial cells and cardiac endothelial cells. During the coculture experiments, exosome secretion was disrupted by neutral sphingomyelinase inhibitor GW4869 and upregulated exosomal SDF1 using SDF1 plasmid. Effects of Exo‐SDF1 on cardiac function in MI mice were investigated in vivo. MSCs suppressed myocardial cell apoptosis and promoted microvascular regeneration of endothelial cells through secretion of exosomes. The addition of GW4869 led to increased apoptotic capacity of myocardial cells, decreased microvascular formation ability of endothelial cells, enhanced autophagy ability, and elevated Beclin‐1 level as well as ratio of LC3II/LC3I. Overexpression of SDF1 and Exo‐SDF1 inhibited apoptosis and autophagy of myocardial cells, but promoted tube formation of endothelial cells. The interference of PI3K signaling pathway promoted apoptosis and autophagy of myocardial cells, but inhibited tube formation of endothelial cells. SDF1 activated the PI3K signaling pathway. Exo‐SDF1 protected cardiac function of MI mice and inhibited myocardial tissue damage. This study provided evidence that SDF1 overexpression in MSCs‐derived exosomes inhibited autophagy of ischemic myocardial cells and promoted microvascular production of endothelial cells.
Quality of written record following mock eyewitness testimony: Note taking should be a minimum standard!
Authors: Meise Jessica , Leue Anja 
Published: February 2019

AbstractBy using a video‐based narrative (unidirectional) eyewitness statement of an alleged victim, participants were asked to imagine they were police officers. We compared the quality of mock police officer written records in a between‐subjects design comprising three conditions: (a) a free recall (n = 27), (b) a free recall by using recall strategies of the cognitive interview (n = 27), or (c) note taking while watching the video (n = 26). The quality of the reports was determined by the amount of correctly recalled details, omitted details, added details (commission errors), and changed details (confabulations). As predicted, the number of correct details was higher in the “Note Taking” condition whereas performance in the “Free Recall” and in the “Cognitive Interview” conditions did not differ. Higher verbal memory ability resulted in a better quality of the written records. Our results suggest that note taking facilitates the quality of written records.
Th17 serum cytokines in relation to laboratory‐confirmed respiratory viral infection: A pilot study
Authors: Antalis Emmanouil , Spathis Aris , Kottaridi Christine , Kossyvakis Athanasios , Pastellas Kalliopi , Tsakalos Konstantinos , Mentis Andreas , Kroupis Christos , Tsiodras Sotirios 
Published: February 2019

AbstractBackgroundTh17 cytokines are associated with modulation of inflammation and may be beneficial in clearing influenza infection in experimental models. The Th17 cytokine profile was evaluated in a pilot study of respiratory virus infections.MethodsConsecutive patients with symptoms of respiratory tract infection visiting the emergency department of a tertiary care hospital during the winter influenza season of 2014 to 2015 were evaluated. CLART PneumoVir kit, (GENOMICA, Madrid, Spain) was used for viral detection of all known respiratory viruses. Th17 cytokine profile was evaluated with the MILLIPLEX MAP Human TH17 Magnetic Bead Panel (Millipore Corp., Billerica, MA). Correlation of the TH17 profile with viral detection was performed with univariate and multivariate analysis.ResultsSeventy‐six patients were evaluated (median age 56 years, 51.3% female); a respiratory virus was identified in 60 (78.9%) patients; 45% had confirmed influenza. Influenza A (H3N2) correlated with higher levels of granulocyte‐macrophage colony‐stimulating factor (GM‐CSF), interleukin 1β (IL‐1β), IL‐17A, IL‐17E, IL‐17F, IL‐21, IL‐22, and IL‐23 (P < 0.05 by analysis of variance [ANOVA]) compared with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). Parainfluenza virus (PIV) similarly had higher levels of GM‐CSF, IL‐1b, IL‐17A, IL‐22 compared with those detected in RSV, influenza B and any other virus infection (
P < 0.05; ANOVA). Increasing age (β‐coefficient = 1.11, 95% CI, 1.04‐1.2,
P < 0.01) as well as IL‐17A levels (β‐coefficient = 1.03, 95% CI, 1.001‐1.05,
P = 0.04) predicted hospital admission.ConclusionMain Th17 cell effector cytokines were upregulated in laboratory‐confirmed A(H3N2) influenza and PIV. Excessive amounts of Th17 cytokines may be implicated in the pathogenesis and immune control of acute influenza and PIV infection in humans and may predict the severity of disease.
Cost burden and resource utilization in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis and nasal polyps
Authors: Bhattacharyya Neil , Villeneuve Sara , Joish Vijay N. , Amand Caroline , Mannent Leda , Amin Nikhil , Rowe Paul , Maroni Jaman , Eckert Laurent , Yang Tony , Khan Asif 
Published: February 2019

Objectives/HypothesisEstablish treatment patterns and economic burden in US patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis (CRSwNP) versus without chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). Determine comparative costs of subgroups with high clinical burden.Study DesignObservational, retrospective, case‐control study.MethodsThis study matched patients with CRSwNP to patients without CRS (1:1) using the Truven Health MarketScan US claims database. Categorical and continuous variables were compared using McNemar test and paired t test (normal distribution) or Wilcoxon signed rank tests (non‐normal distribution). Within subgroups, χ2 and Wilcoxon or t tests were used (normal distribution).ResultsThere were 10,841 patients with CRSwNP and 10,841 patients without CRS included. Mean age in the CRSwNP cohort was 45.8 years; 56.2% were male. During follow‐up, patients with CRSwNP had an increased diagnosis of asthma versus patients without CRS (20.8% vs. 8.1%, respectively; P < .001). Annual incremental costs were $11,507 higher for patients with CRSwNP versus those without CRS. Costs were higher in subgroups of patients with CRSwNP undergoing functional endoscopy sinus surgery (FESS), with a comorbid diagnosis of asthma, receiving oral corticosteroids, or macrolides versus the overall CRSwNP group. Patients with CRSwNP undergoing FESS had the highest costs of the four subgroups ($26,724, $22,456, $20,695, and $20,990, respectively).ConclusionsAnnual incremental costs were higher among patients with CRSwNP versus without CRS. Patients with CRSwNP with high clinical burden had higher overall costs than CRSwNP patients without.Level of EvidenceNALaryngoscope, 129:1969–1975, 2019
Multiple solutions for a class of quasilinear Schrödinger equations
Authors: Li Quanqing , Wang Wenbo , Teng Kaimin , Wu Xian 
Published: February 2019

AbstractIn this paper, we study the following quasilinear Schrödinger equations of the form
urn:x-wiley:0025584X:media:mana201700160:mana201700160-math-0001where , , . Some existence results for positive solutions, negative solutions and sequence of high energy solutions are obtained via a perturbation method.
Glycerol Induced Catalyst‐Free Curing of Epoxy and Vitrimer Preparation
Authors: Liu Tuan , Zhang Shuai , Hao Cheng , Verdi Christina , Liu Wangcheng , Liu Hang , Zhang Jinwen 
Published: February 2019

AbstractEpoxy vitrimers prepared from anhydride‐cured epoxies exhibit, repairable and reprocessable properties; however, they generally rely on a large amount of catalyst for accelerating the dynamic transesterification (DTER). If the catalyst loading is not enough, the vitrimer properties will be limited. In this work, a preparation method of catalyst‐free epoxy vitrimer is demonstrated by adding glycerol to an epoxy–anhydride curing system. The hydroxyls of glycerol first react with the anhydride to induce the ring‐opening of anhydride and form a carboxylic acid, and the latter attacks the epoxy and form a β‐hydroxyester linkage, so the curing can be performed in the absence of catalyst. A significant amount of hydroxy groups are preserved in the crosslinked network, and they serve as both reacting moiety and catalyst for the DTER, which imparts fast relaxation and satisfactory repairability to the materials. By taking advantage of this mechanism, a catalyst‐free and self‐healing coating is demonstrated. These findings provide a solution to avoid using catalyst in vitrimer preparation and advance the application of vitrimer in coating. However, the addition of glycerol produces a decrease of the T
g of the final materials, which needs to be further addressed in the future study.
Technical Note: In silico and experimental evaluation of two leaf‐fitting algorithms for MLC tracking based on exposure error and plan complexity
Authors: Caillet Vincent , O'Brien Ricky , Moore Douglas , Poulsen Per , Pommer Tobias , Colvill Emma , Sawant Amit , Booth Jeremy , Keall Paul 
Published: February 2019

PurposeMultileaf collimator (MLC) tracking is being clinically pioneered to continuously compensate for thoracic and pelvic motion during radiotherapy. The purpose of this work was to characterize the performance of two MLC leaf‐fitting algorithms, direct optimization and piecewise optimization, for real‐time motion compensation with different plan complexity and tumor trajectories.MethodsTo test the algorithms, both in silico and phantom experiments were performed. The phantom experiments were performed on a Trilogy Varian linac and a HexaMotion programmable motion platform. High and low modulation VMAT plans for lung and prostate cancer cases were used along with eight patient‐measured organ‐specific trajectories. For both MLC leaf‐fitting algorithms, the plans were run with their corresponding patient trajectories. To compare algorithms, the average exposure errors, i.e., the difference in shape between ideal and fitted MLC leaves by the algorithm, plan complexity and system latency of each experiment were calculated.ResultsComparison of exposure errors for the in silico and phantom experiments showed minor differences between the two algorithms. The average exposure errors for in silico experiments with low/high plan complexity were 0.66/0.88 cm2 for direct optimization and 0.66/0.88 cm2 for piecewise optimization, respectively. The average exposure errors for the phantom experiments with low/high plan complexity were 0.73/1.02 cm2 for direct and 0.73/1.02 cm2 for piecewise optimization, respectively. The measured latency for the direct optimization was 226 ± 10 ms and for the piecewise algorithm was 228 ± 10 ms. In silico and phantom exposure errors quantified for each treatment plan demonstrated that the exposure errors from the high plan complexity (0.96 cm2 mean, 2.88 cm2 95% percentile) were all significantly different from the low plan complexity (0.70 cm2 mean, 2.18 cm2 95% percentile) (P < 0.001, two‐tailed, Mann–Whitney statistical test).ConclusionsThe comparison between the two leaf‐fitting algorithms demonstrated no significant differences in exposure errors, neither in silico nor with phantom experiments. This study revealed that plan complexity impacts the overall exposure errors significantly more than the difference between the algorithms.