bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Contextual and historical factors for increased levels of anxiety and depression in patients with head and neck cancer: A prospective longitudinal study
Authors: Henry Melissa , Fuehrmann Fabienne , Hier Michael , Zeitouni Anthony , Kost Karen , Richardson Keith , Mlynarek Alex , Black Martin , MacDonald Christina , Chartier Gabrielle , Zhang Xun , Rosberger Zeev , Frenkiel Saul 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBackgroundThis study aimed at examining predictors of clinical anxiety and depressive symptoms in patients with head and neck cancer (HNC) at 3, 6, and 12 months post‐diagnosis, with a particular interest in contextual and historical factors.MethodsProspective longitudinal study of 219 consecutive patients newly diagnosed with a first occurrence of primary HNC, including psychometric measures, Structured Clinical Interview for DSM‐IV Diagnoses (SCID), and medical chart reviews.ResultsPoint prevalence of clinical anxiety symptoms (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale‐Anxiety subscale) was 32.0%, 21.9%, 12.1%, and 12.6% at baseline, 3, 6, and 12 months; and clinical depressive symptoms on the Depression Subscale was 19.4%, 21.9%, 13.5%, and 9.2%, respectively. Predictors of anxiety and depressive symptoms included upon diagnosis SCID major depressive or anxiety disorder, stressful life events in previous year, neuroticism, and levels of anxiety and depressive symptoms upon cancer diagnosis.ConclusionsThis study emphasizes the predictive contribution of broader personal contextual and historical factors that increase psychological vulnerability in HNC and merit consideration.
CA3 place cells that represent a novel waking experience are preferentially reactivated during sharp wave‐ripples in subsequent sleep
Authors: Hwaun Ernie , Colgin Laura Lee 
Published: March 2019

AbstractA popular model of memory consolidation posits that recent memories stored in the hippocampus are reactivated during sleep and thereby transferred to neocortex for long‐term storage. This process is thought to occur during sharp wave‐ripples (SWRs) in nonrapid eye movement sleep (NREM). However, whether the hippocampus consolidates all recent memories in the same manner remains unclear. An efficient memory system may extract novel information from recent experiences for preferential consolidation. In the hippocampus, memories are thought to be stored initially in CA3. Therefore, CA3 place cells that encode novel experiences may be preferentially reactivated during SWRs in subsequent sleep. To test this hypothesis, we recorded CA3 place cells in rats during exposure to a familiar and a novel environment and during subsequent overnight sleep. We found that CA3 place cells that preferentially coded a novel environment showed larger firing rate increases during SWRs in NREM than place cells that preferentially coded a familiar environment. Moreover, CA3 place cell ensembles replayed trajectories from a novel environment during NREM with higher fidelity than trajectories from a familiar environment. Together, these results suggest that CA3 representations of novel experiences are preferentially processed during subsequent sleep.
LeukocyteMask: An automated localization and segmentation method for leukocyte in blood smear images using deep neural networks
Authors: Fan Haoyi , Zhang Fengbin , Xi Liang , Li Zuoyong , Liu Guanghai , Xu Yong 
Published: March 2019

Digital pathology and microscope image analysis is widely used in comprehensive studies of cell morphology. Identification and analysis of leukocytes in blood smear images, acquired from bright field microscope, are vital for diagnosing many diseases such as hepatitis, leukaemia and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). The major challenge for robust and accurate identification and segmentation of leukocyte in blood smear images lays in the large variations of cell appearance such as size, colour and shape of cells, the adhesion between leukocytes (white blood cells, WBCs) and erythrocytes (red blood cells, RBCs), and the emergence of substantial dyeing impurities in blood smear images. In this paper, an end‐to‐end leukocyte localization and segmentation method is proposed, named LeukocyteMask, in which pixel‐level prior information is utilized for supervisor training of a deep convolutional neural network, which is then employed to locate the region of interests (ROI) of leukocyte, and finally segmentation mask of leukocyte is obtained based on the extracted ROI by forward propagation of the network. Experimental results validate the effectiveness of the propose method and both the quantitative and qualitative comparisons with existing methods indicate that LeukocyteMask achieves a state‐of‐the‐art performance for the segmentation of leukocyte in terms of robustness and accuracy.
Risk of hypotensive reactions is increased when using partial saline replacement for therapeutic plasma exchange
Authors: Irani Mehraboon S. , Toushan Mazen , Zhang Liyun , Simpson Pippa M. , Karafin Matthew S. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBackgroundPartial normal saline replacement during plasma exchange procedures is a common practice to reduce procedure costs but may increase the risk of adverse events, such as hypotension and citrate reactions. The goal of this study was to compare adverse event rates for the patients that used albumin or albumin/saline as replacement.Study Design and MethodsA retrospective chart review was done of plasma exchange procedures that used all albumin or 80% albumin to 20% normal saline (80/20) as replacement. The procedure type (all albumin vs 80/20), the percent of normal saline used, age, gender, and adverse events during the procedure were recorded.ResultsDuring the study period, 3624 procedures were documented for 401 patients (46% female), age range 0 to 93 years, of which 2453 (67.7%) used 80/20. Overall 91 procedures (2.5%) resulted in a hypotensive event, 26 (0.7%) of which were classified as moderate to severe hypotension, and 40 (1.1%) had reported citrate toxicity. After adjusting for age, gender, and diagnosis using a generalized linear mixed model and backward model selection, results showed that 100% albumin had a significantly lower risk of having hypotension than 80/20 (odds ratio (OR): 0.531 [0.298, 0.946], P = 0.032) and moderate to severe hypotension (odds ratio: 0.140 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.031, 0.628], P = 0.010). Older age was also predictive of having hypotensive reactions (OR[95%CI] = 1.017,[1.0, 1.034], P = 0.047).ConclusionPartial saline use as a replacement fluid with albumin during plasma exchange is associated with an increased risk of hypotension. Use of saline as replacement fluid during plasma exchange should be minimized especially in older patients.
Ultrasound‐guided percutaneous treatment of volar radiocarpal ganglion cysts: Safety and efficacy
Authors: Gitto Salvatore , Lee Susan C. , Miller Theodore T. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractPurposeTo determine the safety and efficacy of ultrasound (US)‐guided percutaneous treatment of volar radiocarpal ganglion cysts.MethodsThe institutional review board approved the retrospective study of patients referred for US‐guided percutaneous treatment of a volar radiocarpal ganglion cyst over a 5‐year period. Treatment consisted of a combination of aspiration, lavage using anesthetic, wall fenestration, and steroid injection. Intraprocedural imaging and procedure notes were reviewed. Followup information was retrieved from postprocedure electronic medical records.ResultsEighty‐eight patients comprised our study group. Complete decompression of the ganglion cyst was achieved in 92% of cases immediately after treatment. There were no instances of hematoma or infection. Of 38 patients with available followup information, 66% had a ganglion cyst recurrence at a median time of 9 months, regardless of their initial size or the injection of steroids. Cysts with internal septa had a statistically significantly higher rate of recurrence (P = 0.033).ConclusionsUS‐guided percutaneous treatment of volar radiocarpal ganglion cysts is safe and ensures immediate decompression in most cases. However, cysts may recur, even after steroid injection or lavage.
Esophageal manometry, esophagogastroduodenoscopy, and duodenal mucosal histopathology in systemic sclerosis
Authors: Adarsh MB , Sharma Shefali K , Prasad Kaushal K , Dhir Varun , Singh Surjit , Sinha Saroj K 
Published: March 2019

Background and AimSystemic sclerosis (SSc) is known to involve the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, resulting in dysmotility, gastroesophageal reflux disease, and mucosal changes causing significant morbidity. The study aimed to assess esophageal motility and duodenal mucosal changes in SSc.MethodsThis is a prospective, cross‐sectional, single‐center study of 23 patients with SSc diagnosed on the basis of standard criteria. Clinical details including the GI symptoms were recorded. All of them underwent esophagogastroduodenoscopy with duodenal biopsy, and 21 underwent esophageal manometry.ResultsRegurgitation, heartburn, and dysphagia were seen in 19 (82%), 16 (69%), and 10 (43%) patients, respectively. On endoscopy, 19 patients (83%) showed changes of reflux esophagitis (4 had grade C esophagitis), and 3 had esophageal candidiasis. Of the 21 patients who underwent esophageal manometry, 13 (62%) had absent peristalsis, 6 (28%) had ineffective peristalsis, and 10 (48%) had hypotensive lower esophageal sphincter (LES). Duodenal biopsy showed partial villous atrophy in 9 (39%) patients, increased intraepithelial lymphocytes in 18 (78%), and excess of mononuclear inflammatory cells in lamina propria in 21 (91%). Partial villous atrophy was seen more commonly in those with abnormal esophageal peristalsis and a hypotensive LES.ConclusionMost of the patients with SSc had esophageal dysmotility in the form of absent peristalsis, ineffective esophageal peristalsis, and hypotensive LES. Histology of descending duodenum demonstrated partial villous atrophy and chronic inflammatory infiltrates in most of the patients with SSc.
Effect and mechanism of citral against methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus in vivo
Authors: Long Nana , Tang Huaqiao , Sun Fenghui , Lin Lin , Dai Min 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDCitral is an active component of many plant extracts, and it is a safe additive used in food and cosmetics. A previous study showed that citral has a good antibacterial effect against methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in vitro, but its in vivo anti‐infective activity has not been studied. Anti‐MRSA activity and the preliminary mechanism of citral against MRSA were investigated in MRSA‐infected KM mice. The ED50 was calculated using Karber's method. Groups were selected for inflammatory and oxidative stress level tests, and lung and liver tissues were counterstained with HE for detection of pathological changes. Cytokines and oxidative factors were evaluated using the ELISA method (one‐way ANOVA computed using SPSS 19.0.).RESULTSWith the increase in the concentration of citral, the survival rate of MRSA‐infected mice increased accordingly. The ED50 values of citral for intramuscular injection and intragastric administration were 0.09 and 0.26 g kg−1 respectively. Citral significantly reduced cytokines (IL‐1β, IL‐6, TNF‐α) and oxidative factors (malondialdehyde and hydroxyl radicals) of MRSA‐infected mice, whereas it increased gluthtione and superoxide dismutase levels. Citral can reduce the lung inflammatory infiltrates infected by MRSA.CONCLUSIONSCitral exerted a dose‐dependent anti‐MRSA effect and ameliorated MRSA‐induced abnormal changes in inflammation and oxidative stress. This indicates that citral has the potential for development as a new anti‐MRSA drug. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Effects of different oenological techniques on the elaboration of adequate base wines for red sparkling wine production: phenolic composition, sensory properties and foam parameters
Authors: González‐Lázaro Miriam , Martínez‐Lapuente Leticia , Palacios Antonio , Guadalupe Zenaida , Ayestarán Belén , Bueno‐Herrera Marta , de la Cuesta Pedro López , Pérez‐Magariño Silvia 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDIn red sparkling winemaking it is essential to obtain base wines with moderate alcohol content, adequate mouthfeel and color intensity. The aim of this work was to study oenological techniques to obtain adequate base wines for production of red sparkling wine by traditional methods: pre‐fermentative cold maceration with dry ice and délestage with premature grapes; and sugar reduction in must and partial dealcoholisation of wine with mature grapes. The effect on oenological parameters, e.g. phenolic content, foam and sensory characteristics, was studied in sparkling wines aged on the lees in bottles for 9 months followed by aging for12 months in bottles after disgorging.RESULTSPre‐fermentative cold maceration was the only treatment that increased the content of anthocyanins in sparkling wines at both stages of aging. Sparkling wines elaborated using délestage showed the highest mean values of the degree of polymerization of proanthocyanidins. Sparkling wines from mature grapes were given higher valuation in the gustatory phase. Sparkling wines elaborated using pre‐fermentative cold maceration were given the highest valuation for foam quality.CONCLUSIONSPre‐fermentative cold maceration is a viable alternative to common techniques for increasing the anthocyanin content in wines from premature grapes. It would therefore be a good option to obtain adequate base wines. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Supporting a Spouse With Military Posttraumatic Stress: Daily Associations With Partners’ Affect
Authors: Carter Sarah P. , Giff Sarah T. , Campbell Sarah B. , Renshaw Keith D. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractService members and veterans (SM/Vs) with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) can receive significant benefits from social support by a spouse or romantic partner. However, little is known about how providing support impacts partners. This study sought to identify (a) how provision of support is associated with partners’ daily negative and positive affect and (b) how SM/Vs’ PTSD symptom severity might moderate such associations. In a 14‐day daily‐diary study that assessed 64 couples in which one member was an SM/V with PTSD symptoms, partners reported nightly on whether or not they provided instrumental support and/or emotional support that day as well as their current negative and positive affect. Multilevel modeling showed that the provision of emotional and instrumental support were both significantly related to partners’ lower levels of negative affect, f 2 = 0.09, and higher levels of positive affect, f 2 = 0.03, on that same day but not the next day. The positive same‐day effects were seen if any support was given, with no additive effects when both types of support were provided. Severity of SM/V PTSD moderated the association between provision of emotional support and lower same‐day negative affect such that the association was significant only when PTSD symptoms were more severe. Overall, these findings indicate that support provision to a partner with PTSD is associated with improved affect for the romantic partner providing support. However, given that only same‐day affect was associated with support, the findings may also suggest that positive affect increases the provision of support.
New Bio‐Polyamides from Terpenes: α‐Pinene and (+)‐3‐Carene as Valuable Resources for Lactam Production
Authors: Stockmann Paul N. , Pastoetter Dominik L. , Woelbing Marion , Falcke Claudia , Winnacker Malte , Strittmatter Harald , Sieber Volker 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe synthesis and polymerization of two β‐lactams and two ε‐lactams derived from the terpenes α‐pinene and (+)‐3‐carene are reported. The new biopolymers can be considered as polyamide 2 (PA2) and polyamide 6 (PA6)‐types with aliphatic stereoregular side chains, which lead to remarkable new properties. The macromolecules are investigated by gel permeation chromatography (GPC), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and infrared (IR). The (+)‐3‐carene‐derived PA6‐type is of particular interest, since it reaches a molecular weight of over 30 kDa, which is the highest value for lactam‐based polyamides derived from terpenes reported to date. Additionally, a glass transition temperature (Tg) of 120 °C is observed, surpassing the glass transition temperature of PA6 by 60 °C. The absence of a melting point (Tm) indicates high amorphicity, another novelty for terpene‐based polyamides, which might give transparent bio‐polyamides access to new fields of application.
The antibiotic resistance and pathogenicity of a multidrug‐resistant Elizabethkingia anophelis isolate
Authors: Wang Mingxi , Gao Hongzhi , Lin Nanfei , Zhang Yaping , Huang Nan , Walker Edward D. , Ming Desong , Chen Shicheng , Hu Shaohua 
Published: March 2019

AbstractElizabethkingia anophelis 12012‐2 PRCM was isolated from a patient with multiple organ dysfunction syndrome and lower respiratory tract infection in China. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) analysis demonstrated that it was resistant to 20 antibiotics including trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole and ciprofloxacin, which were effective for the elimination of other Elizabethkingia infections. To investigate multidrug resistance and pathogenicity mechanisms, we analyzed genome features of 12012‐2 PRCM and compared them to the other Elizabethkingia species. The draft genome size was 4.02 Mb with a GC content of 32%, comparable to that of other E. anophelis strains. Phylogenetic analysis showed that E. anophelis 12012‐2 PRCM formed a sister group with E. anophelis 502, distinct from clades formed by other clinical and environmental E. anophelis isolates. E. anophelis 12012‐2 PRCM contained multiple copies of β‐lactamase genes as well as genes predicted to function in antimicrobial efflux. It also contained 92 genes that were potentially involved in virulence, disease, and defense, and were associated with resistance and pathogenicity. Comparative genomic analysis showed high homology among three clinical and two environmental E. anophelis strains having a variety of similar antibiotic resistance and virulence factor genes, and similar genomic structure. Applications of this analysis will contribute to understanding the antibiotic resistance and pathogenic mechanisms of E. anophelis infections, which will assist in the management of infections as it increases in prevalence.
Sodium butyrate and panobinostat induce apoptosis of chronic myeloid leukemia cells via multiple pathways
Authors: Jia Xiaoyuan , Zheng Yinsuo , Guo Yanzi , Chen Kan 
Published: March 2019

AbstractPurposeHistone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACI) is a novel therapeutic option for cancer. However, the effects of HDACIs on chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and the underlying mechanisms are still unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect and the mechanism‐of‐action of two HDACI members, sodium butyrate (NaBu) and panobinostat (LBH589) in K562 and the adriamycin–resistant cell line K562/ADR.MethodsCell viability was assessed using MTT assay. Cell apoptosis was detected with flow cytometry. Cell cycle analysis and western blot were performed to explore the possible molecules related to HDACIs effects.ResultsThe effect of NaBu was more powerful on K562/ADR than on K562 cells. LBH589 triggered apoptosis and inhibited the growth of K562 cells. Both HDACIs inhibited K562 and K562/ADR cells via activation of intrinsic/extrinsic apoptotic pathways and inhibition of AKT‐mTOR pathway while NaBu also activated endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) mediated apoptotic pathway in K562/ADR cells. LBH589 reduced the expression of drug–resistant related proteins in K562 cells. However, neither NaBu nor LBH589 could significantly influence the expression of the drug–resistant related proteins in K562/ADR cells.ConclusionThe combination of HDACI and other therapeutic strategies are likely required to overcome drug resistance in CML therapy.
Nerve transfer from the median to musculocutaneous nerve to induce active elbow flexion in selected cases of arthrogryposis multiplex congenita
Authors: Hagemann Christian , Stücker Ralf , Breyer Sandra , Kunkel Philip O. S. 
Published: March 2019

BackgroundArthrogryposis multiplex congenita (AMC) is a rare disease which affects mainly upper and lower extremities. Affected patients are not able to eat unassisted due to elbow contracture and nonexistent active elbow flexion. In traumatic brachial plexus palsies, a nerve transfer from either median or ulnar nerve to the musculocutaneous nerve has proved to induce active elbow flexion, and we report our results of such a procedure in a nontraumatic condition, that is, arthrogryposis.MethodsWe selected four patients with AMC type 1 (6 extremities, 2 males, 2 females) diagnosed with AMC presenting to our institution shortly after birth from 2014 to 2016 to perform a nerve transfer from the median nerve to the musculocutaneous nerve in order to induce active elbow flexion. The indication of application of this surgical procedure was based on active finger and wrist flexion, limited contracture of elbow joints and evidence of flexing muscle fibers detected by sonography.ResultsFive nerve transfers were conducted with a follow up of 2–5 years. Two extremities reached active elbow flexion motorgrade M4, two M3, and one M1 at latest follow up. One patient developed a postoperative suture granuloma. One nerve transfer was abandoned due to neuroanatomic variation. One extremity was treated with botulinum toxin in triceps muscle in addition to the nerve transfer.ConclusionsIn this series of selected cases of AMC Type 1 we were able to induce active elbow flexion using a nerve transfer technique developed for traumatic and obstetric brachial plexus palsies. In four extremities the procedure achieved independent hand‐to‐mouth active elbow flexion. Level of evidence four.
GC‐(4→8)‐GCG, A Proanthocyanidin Dimer from Camellia ptilophylla, Modulates Obesity and Adipose Tissue Inflammation in High‐Fat Diet Induced Obese Mice
Authors: Peng Jinming , Jia Yan , Hu Tianyong , Du Jing , Wang Yue , Cheng Baohui , Li Kaikai 
Published: March 2019

ScopeExcessive fat accumulation in adipose tissue leads to obesity and related chronic inflammation. This study aims to examine the effects of gallocatechin ‐(4→8)‐gallocatechin‐3‐O‐gallate (GC‐(4→8)‐GCG), a main proanthocyanidin dimer from Camellia ptilophylla (Cocoa tea), on adipocyte‐ and adipose‐related inflammation in vivo and in vitro.Methods and resultsC57BL/6 mice are fed a high‐fat diet (HFD) and GC‐(4→8)‐GCG (40 or 80 mg kg−1 d−1) for 8 weeks. The metabolic profiles, adipose tissue hypertrophy, macrophage infiltration, and inflammatory cytokine production are investigated. Additionally, 3T3‐L1 preadipocytes are utilized to investigate the effect of GC‐(4→8)‐GCG on preadipocyte differentiation and the tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α‐stimulated inflammatory response in vitro. GC‐(4→8)‐GCG supplementation decreases HFD‐induced epididymal white adipose tissue (eWAT) hypertrophy, suppresses proinflammatory cytokine production and macrophage infiltration in eWAT, and improves insulin sensitivity in HFD‐induced obese mice. In vitro, GC‐(4→8)‐GCG shows a strong anti‐adipogenic potential in 3T3‐L1 preadipocyte by inhibiting the expression of key adipogenic transcription factors and decreasing the production of proinflammatory cytokines by inhibiting the activation of the nuclear factor (NF)‐κB, Janus tyrosine kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT3) and mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways.ConclusionGC‐(4→8)‐GCG can modulate obesity and improve obesity‐related insulin resistance by inhibiting preadipocyte differentiation and the related proinflammatory responses.