bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Study on Dorsal Venous Arch of Upper Limb Among Nepalese Medical Students at Tertiary Level Teaching Institute
Authors: Tiwari Nripendra , Budhathoki Deepesh , Malla Krishna Banshi 
Published: July 2019

Introduction: Dorsal venous arch of upper limb is the beginning site for cephalic and basilic veins. The superficial veins are clinically important for venipuncture, blood collection and blood donation as well as for health screening and testing, intravenous transfusion for the emergency treatment of hypovolemic shock. Veins of the upper limb are also used for total parental nutrition, therapeutic invasive procedure and blood samples. The Dorsal Venous Arch is superficially placed and can be easily made prominent by putting a tourniquet at the wrist for any such surgical and therapeutic purposes.
Methods: It was a cross-sectional observational study conducted in 200 hands among 100 individuals from MBBS first and second year students studying at a Medical College. Body Mass Index (BMI) of individuals was calculated to observe the correlation between length of the dorsal venous arch and BMI.
Results: The mean±s.d. length of dorsal venous arch in male on right hand (20.7±2.4 cm) was significantly greater than in female on right hand (19.4±2.1 cm).There was no significant difference in length of dorsal venous arch on left side between male (20.1±2.2 cm.) and female (19.3±1.8 cm).
Conclusions: The length of the dorsal venous arch on right hand was found significantly greater in male than in female. Also the length of dorsal venous arch on right side was found to be more than on left side in both sexes. The male students are significantly older, heavier and taller than females.
The Safety and Efficacy of Mini Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy During Learning Curve
Authors: Thapa Bikash Bikram , Basnet Bina , Rayamajhi Bikash Bahadur , Thapa Narayan , Bhandari Bharat Bhadur 
Published: July 2019

Introduction: Since its introduction in 1976, percutaneous renal stone surgery has undergone several modifications. Reduction in size of access sheath was one of them which was first reported by Jackman in 1998. The miniaturisation of access sheath in Mini-Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy surgery has significantly reduced the intervention related morbidity with similar outcome as of standard Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy.
Methods: This is a prospective cohort study where a single surgeon without previous experience of independent PCNL surgery performed Mini PCNL under controlled condition for renal stone sized 10 to 30 mm. The outcome was measured in terms of stone free rate and postoperative complications. The association of stone free rate and drop in haemoglobin level with different preoperative and operative variables were calculated with Pearson’s correlation test and p value <0.05 was considered significant.
Results: Mini PCNL was performed in total of 63 renal units. The mean age was 37.8 ± 9.9 years with male: female ratio of 1.8:1. The average stone size was 16.8 ± 2.9 mm. The mean operative time was 55.2 ± 19.0 (30-110) minutes. The stone free rate was 98.2 ± 3.6 %. The mean drop in haemoglobin was 1.3 ± 0.8 and blood transfusion rate was 4.7%. The average hospital stay was 2.6 ± 1.3 days. The grade I complications was 15.8% and grade II and III was 7.9% each. Stone free rate was significantly associated with stone number (r = -0.47, p = 0.004). Similarly fall in haemoglobin was associated with total operative time (r = 0.49, p = 0.003). The stone size, hardness of stone (HU) and size of access sheath had no significant association with stone free rate and fall in haemoglobin.
Conclusions: Mini PCNL is as effective as standard PCNL with higher safety margin in small and medium size stone (10 to 30 mm) during learning curve of endo-urology procedure.
Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Shakya Dipesh , KC Vijay 
Published: July 2019

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is associated with various metabolic disorders, which leads to the progression of the disease and its complications. The aim of the study is to find out prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its association with the components and demographic variables.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among diabetes mellitus patients at a Tertiary level teaching hospital over a period of one year (April 2015 to March 2016). The study involved the use of a questionnaire to obtain information on diabetes by performing anthropometric measurements and corroborating it with respective blood samples collected for the measurement of biochemical parameters, fasting blood glucose and lipid profile. Metabolic syndrome was defined according to the current guidelines, revised in 2005 by the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute and the American Heart Association. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences Version 20 was used as a tool for statistical analysis.
Results: This cross-sectional study involved 200 type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 71% in the studied Nepalese population. Central obesity (77.5%) and hypertension (76.8%) were the commonest risk factors. It was followed by dyslipidemia among which 65.5% had high triglyceride level and 50.7% had low level of high density lipoprotein cholesterol. Higher prevalence of metabolic syndrome was seen in male patients with type 2 diabetes which accounted for 84 (73.3%). Three components of metabolic syndrome were seen among 70 (35%) and five components among 29 (14.5%) patients. Among the patients who were studied, the age group 45 to 54, 55 to 64 and 65 to 74 years had 14 (20%), 20 (28.6%) and 19 (27.1%) of more than three components of metabolic syndrome respectively.
Conclusions: The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 71% among the patients with type 2 diabetes, where high prevalence was seen among males. In our study central obesity and hypertension along with increasing age were the most common component causing metabolic syndrome.
Clinico-pathological Profile of Late Onset Neonatal Sepsis in a Tertiary Centre of Nepal
Authors: Mishra Deepak , Chapagain Ram Hari , Bhattarai Susan , Jha Nitu Kumari , Mishra Rakesh 
Published: July 2019

Background: Neonatal sepsis is a major cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality. Late onset sepsis (LOS) is associated with community environment or postnatal exposure to hospital environment. Its incidence is rising due to greater survival of preterm neonates and very low birth weight babies. Because of difference in local epidemiology and possible variation with time, regular monitoring and updates on pathogen and their antimicrobial sensitivity pattern is important for prevention and treatment. The objective of this study was to identify the common symptoms and signs and determine the common bacterial isolates and antibiotic susceptibility pattern of late onset neonatal sepsis.
Methods: This was hospital based prospective observational study conducted among the neonates admitted with diagnosis of late onset neonatal sepsis in Kanti Children’s Hospital from July 2016 to June 2017.
Results: Poor feeding (89.6%), fever/hypothermia (47.2%), excessive/ poor cry (40.8%) and irritability/lethargy (33.6) were the common symptoms. Staphylococcus aureus and Coagulase negative staphylococcus (CONS), the most predominant organisms, were isolated in 66.7% and 18.5% of culture positive cases respectively. Most of the isolated organisms showed sensitivity to cloxacillin (16/27), amikacin (15/27), ciprofloxacin (14/27), cefotaxime (11/27), cotrimaxazole (6/27) and amoxyclox (6/27).
Conclusion: Poor feeding, fever/hypothermia, excessive/ poor cry and irritability/lethargy were the common symptoms. This study has indicated possible emergence of Staphylococcus aureus as the dominant cause of late onset neonatal sepsis. Cloxacillin, amikacin, ciprofloxacin and cefotaxime were more efficacious against the commonly isolated bacteria in late onset neonatal sepsis.
KEEFEKTIFAN METODE EKSPERIMEN BERBANTU MEDIA BENDA KONKRET TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR IPA SISWA KELAS V SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Hadiyati Nurrohmah , Wijayanti Arfilia 
Published: July 2019

Abstrak
Latar belakang penelitian ini adalah ditemukan kondisi-kondisi sebagai berikut, dalam pembelajaran IPA proses pembelajarannya masih menekankan konsep-konsep yang ada di buku, belum digunakannya media benda konkret dalam pembelajaran IPA, penyampaian materi belum memanfaatkan lingkungan sekitar sebagai proses pembelajaran, hasil belajar siswa yang masih di bawah Kriteria Ketuntasan Minimal (KKM), belum menggunakan metode eksperimen dalam proses pembelajaran.Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui keefektifan metode eksperimen berbantu media benda konkret terhadap hasil belajar IPA siswa kelas V SD Negeri Sendangmulyo 01 Semarang tahun ajaran 2016/ 2017.Jenis penelitian ini adalah eksperimen dalam bentuk Quasi Experimental Design tipe Nonequivalent Control Group Design dengan menggunakan teknik nonprobability sampling yaitu sampling purposive. Berdasarkan perhitungan uji t satu pihak diperoleh thitung = 1,913 dan , karena maka H0 ditolak dan Ha diterima, dapat disimpulkan bahwa pembelajaran yang dilakukan dengan metode eksperimen berbantu media benda konkret efektif terhadap hasil belajar IPA. Saran yang dapat penulis sampaikan hendaknya guru dapat menerapkan pembelajaran dengan menggunakan metode eksperimen berbantu media benda konkret.
Abstract
The background of this study was found to conditions as follows, in science teaching learning process still emphasizes the concepts in the book only, not the use of the media of concrete objects in science learning, not yet use of learning resources that are around the students, student learning outcomes are still below the minimum completeness criteria (KKM), have not used experimental methods in the learning process. The purpose of this research was to determine the effectiveness of the experimental method to the concrete object of media-assisted learning outcomes fifth grade science students of SD Negeri 01 Semarang Sendangmulyo academic year 2016 / 2017. This research is an experiment in the form of Quasi-Experimental Design Control Group Design Nonequivalent type using techniques nonprobability sampling purposive sampling. Based on the calculation of the t test obtained t = 1.913 and T_ (1-?) = t _ ((0.95) (35)) = 1.67, because t_hitung = 1.913 ? t _ ((0.95) (35)) = 1.67 then H0 is rejected and Ha is received, it can be concluded that the study conducted by the experimental method of concrete objects effective media assisted on learning outcomes IPA. Suggestions to the authors convey the teacher should be able to apply the learning by using media-assisted experiments concrete objects.
OPTIMIZING THE ABILITY TO SOLVE MATHEMATICAL PROBLEMS THROUGH THE MEANS-ENDS ANALYSIS MODEL IN EIGHT GRADE
Authors: Wahyuni Reny , E. Efuansyah 
Published: July 2019

This research aims to determine the mathematical problem solving abilities of eight grade students of Junior High School Number 2 Lubuklinggau after attending learning using the Means-Ends Analysis learning model in the good category. The population in this research were all eighth grade students of Junior High School Number 2 Lubuklinggau in the 2017/2018 academic year with research samples VIII.5. The design used in this study was a pretest-posttest control group design. Data collection techniques use a test of 5 questions which refers to indicators of mathematical problem solving abilities. Based on data analysis using the normality test and hypothesis testing data, it was found that obtained = 7.91 at the level of confidence α = 0.05 and = 1.671. So the results show that the problem solving abilities of eight grade students Junior High School Number 2 Lubuklinggau are in the good category with an average score of 7.24.
P PELATIHAN PENULISAN AKSARA ULU SEBAGAI UPAYA PELESTARIAN BUDAYA DAERAH PADA KELOMPOK MUSYAWARAH GURU MATA PELAJARAN (MGMP) SEJARAH KOTA LUBUKLINGGAU
Authors: Asmara Yeni , Muslihah Nur Nisai , I. Isbandiyah 
Published: July 2019

Aksara Ulu belum banyak diketahui oleh masyarakat di kota Lubuklinggau sehingga kegiatan pelatihan ini perlu dilakukan sebagai upaya untuk memperkenalkan aksara tersebut pada masyarakat terutama generasi muda melalui jalur pendidikan seperti sekolah yang merupakan sarana efektif dalam melestarikan budaya dan nilai-nilai kearifan local suatu masyarakat dengan melibatkan para guru yang terlibat dalam kelompok Musyawarah Guru Mata Pelajaran (MGMP) Sejarah Lubuklinggau untuk tingkat Sekolah Menengah Atas (SMA) yang merupakan agen dalam menyebarluaskan warisan budaya termasuk Aksara Ulu. Hasil PkM ini diharapkan dapat menjadi bahan pertimbangan bagi sekolah-sekolah untuk mengintegrasikan Aksara Ulu ke dalam muatan lokal seperti yang telah dilaksanakan di beberapa dearah seperti Bengkulu dan Bandar Lampung. Metode dalam pelaksanaan kegiatan PKM ini agar dapat terlaksana sesuai dengan apa yang diharapkan maka untuk penyampaian materi dalam kegiatan pelatihan ini adalah dengan menggunakan metode ceramah yang dikombinasikan dengan metode demonstrasi dan latihan. Dari hasil evaluasi diketahui Dari jumlah peserta sebanyak 28 orang, diketahui peserta yang belum bisa membaca aksara ulu ada 11 orang atau 39,28% Peserta yang bisa menulis aksara ulu ada 22 orang atau 78,57% Peserta yang bisa membaca dan menulis ada 10 orang atau 35,71% .
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN TALKING STICK PADA MATA PELAJARAN FISIKA SISWA KELAS X SMA NEGERI SUKAKARYA
Authors: Gumay Ovilia Putri Utami , Framanta Andi 
Published: July 2019

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hasil belajar fisika siswa kelas X SMA Negeri Sukakarya setelah penerapan model Pembelajaran Talking Stick. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuasi eksperimen yang dilakukan dengan tidak adanya kelas pembanding. Berdasarkan Hasil observasi awal yang dilakukan peneliti di SMA Sukakarya diperoleh nilai rata-rata ulangan harian siswa kelas X hanya mencapai 67,65. Sedangkan Kriteria Ketuntasan Minimal yang ditetapkan sekolah yaitu 72. Populasi adalah semua siswa kelas X SMA Negeri Sukakarya yang berjumlah 60 siswa dan sampel kelas X.2 diambil secara acak. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa rata-rata hasil belajar siswa sebesar 73,58 dan persentase jumlah siswa tuntas sebesar 61,54% dengan hasil uji-t dengan taraf kepercayaan 5% dan dk = n – 1 didapat thitung = 0,68 dan ttabel = 1,708. Karena thitung < ttabel maka hasil belajar fisika siswa kelas X SMA Negeri Sukakarya setelah diterapkan model Talking Stick tuntas namun tidak secara signifikan.
Unpaid Work as a Potential Support for Employment in the Labour Market
Authors: Martinkovicova Miriam , Povazanova Mariana , Kasca´kova Alena 
Published: July 2019

This paper considers the problem of unpaid work in households. It focuses on the different categories of unpaid work, particularly the implementation of housework, child care and adult care. Specifically, household services, and domestic care services with included health services are designated as "white jobs" which may have the potential to create new jobs. These "white jobs" represent an untapped source of employment in the labour market. The main objective of the paper is to explore the various social determinants influencing the decision of Slovak families to use or not use alternative market substitutes of selected categories of unpaid work with the aim of identifying the hidden potential for job opportunities in the labour market in Slovakia and the potential demand for those services. The results of the primary research suggests that Slovak households have a potentially greater interest in procuring household services from external sources, rather than procuring personal services for themselves. In terms of the perspective demand for the above mentioned services, the research found that in this case it should be necessary to take into consideration the strong influence of traditionalism and conservatism, which affects the scope and nature of market substitute usage.
Ranking of European Union Member States Based on the Level of Knowledge Created by the Research and Development Sector
Authors: Romaniuk Krystyna 
Published: July 2019

The contemporary era is characterized by revolutionary changes in the economy, technological progress, social and political life. Globalization exerts pressure on businesses and entire economies to increase their competitive strength which is defined as the ability to create knowledge. Knowledge creation and management became the new management paradigms. The responsibility for knowledge creation rests mainly upon the research and development sector. The aim of this study was to rank European Union Member States based on the level of knowledge created by their respective research and development sectors and to identify knowledge creation leaders. The analysis relied on EUROSTAT data for 2007-2011 and linear ranking methods with a reference standard. Our results indicate that Western European and Scandinavian countries are the leaders in the area of knowledge creation.
Factors Influencing the Improved Market Standing of Insurance Companies
Authors: Grzebieniak Andrzej 
Published: July 2019

The aim of this article is to identify factors influencing the improvement of the market standing of insurance companies. The following hypothesis was taken into consideration in this elaboration - the market standing of an insurance company is shaped not only by the quality and price of products, but also by the quality of consumer service as well as the company's good name. The identification of the factors was done on the basis of a self-based study in which survey research was used and the data collection instrument was a self-completed questionnaire. The survey was sent by post or via the Internet to all 63 insurance companies located and run in Poland between 2008-2010. 57 questionnaires were correctly completed and sent back.
Strategies of Investing in the Construction Sector Based on Market Anomalies Occurring at Warsaw Stock Exchange
Authors: Kutryb Tomasz 
Published: July 2019

During the last twenty years, the importance of construction sector in the economy of the country was subject to fluctuations a number of times. This is noticeable as the change in the dynamics of construction-assembly production against the background of the GDP. For this study, two objectives were assumed. The main goal was to determine the strategy of investing in the construction sector at the Warsaw Stock Exchange based on market anomalies Identification of those anomalies was the auxiliary objective of the paper. Determination of deviations from the market efficiency will give the average investor the possibility of generating abnormal rates of return atmosphere at the capital markets. In the paper, the method of literature studies, the method of comparisons and the method of studies on historical material were applied. Indicator analysis was necessary for evaluation of selected fundamental indicators. Profitability of investments was computed by applying the logarithmic rate of return. Based on the results of studies it can be concluded that higher than average rates of return may be obtained independent of the atmosphere at the capital markets and in the entire economy. Based on the analysed time anomalies, the shares of construction companies should be purchased on Wednesdays and sold on Fridays. Purchasing shares of construction companies at the beginning of the year one should sell them at the end of the first year quarter.
Some Issues Concerning the Formation of The Common Economic Space Of Kazakhstan, Russia and Belarus
Authors: Kozłowski Waldemar , Kerimova Ukilyay , Yessengaziyeva Saule , Rakhimzhanova Gaukhar 
Published: July 2019

The article discusses the issues of creating a common economic zone with the countries of the Common Economic Space by comparing this economic area to the area of the European Union. Analysis of contracts for its establishment is for consideration, as well as the pluses and minus of the implementation of the grant agreement on the CES industrial countries. A comparison of these two economic zones with similar economic problems will enable the future of their cooperation.
Behavior of Hospital Mid-Level Managers in Budgeting Implementation - an Empirical Study
Authors: Cygańska Małgorzata , Marcinkiewicz Zbigniew 
Published: July 2019

This study examines the introduction of management changes in a hospital based on the Lewin's model. It focuses on the attitudes of a hospital's mid-level managers to a new management-budgeting system. The conclusions are based on empirical research. The article analyzes the change implementation process related to the budgeting system in a hospital with particular consideration of the attitudes and the level of involvement of employees in the performance of new tasks. The analysis showed that the top management of hospitals and the mid-level management do not see the effects of changes related to budgeting in similar ways. This may cause significant hindrances to the process of employees adopting attitudes and behaviors required by the top management. The diversity of opinions in this area may result from: not specifying in detail the targets of budgeting by the top management or not informing the medium-level management of them, a lack of set measures for evaluation of the performance of budget tasks, aiming at achievement of the assumed targets by means of methods not accepted by the employees.
Spatial Development of Innovation Systems in Russia
Authors: Arkhipova Lidija Sergevna 
Published: July 2019

While the development of the country's national innovation system as a whole is very important and should be prioritized, its regional aspect is even more important. The specifics of the Russian Federation's transition to an innovation-based economy is in that that, at the present time, prioritized is the need to ensure the effective development of those economy sectors that underlie the country's specialization and may provide regional and national competitive advantages. To such sectors belong the chemical industry, machine-building and power energetics. We would like to note that initial innovation awareness indicators in the regions are comparable and do not differ greatly but the growth of activity can be observed only in some of the regions. The problem of large differentiation among the constituent entities of the Russian Federation by their level of economic development remains important and has to be dealt with.
The European Union Transport Policy and their Consequences for the Infrastructure Development in Poland in 2014-2020. Part 1
Authors: Szymanowski Wacław 
Published: July 2019

The paper discusses the origins and future determinants of regional development, as conditioned by the present state of transport infrastructure considered as a key endogenic factor of the development of economic regions. Increased Cohesion Policy spending, at the level of EUR 82.3 billion, in the newly opened EU multiannual financial framework for 2014-2020 aims at reducing development disparities between various EU regions and, thus, enhancing the cohesion of the EUROPEAN ECONOMIC AREA. The paper outlines the evolution of the objectives of the COMMON TRANSPORT POLICY over the last 20 years, which have a significant impact on the level of spatial cohesion and contribute to better competitiveness, reliability of transport services, their safety and environmental friendliness.