bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Performance of Air- Vs. CO2 - Water Injection in a Tight, Light Oil Reservoir: A Laboratory Study
Authors: O'Brien W. J. , Moore R. G. , Mehta S. A. , Ursenbach M. G. , Kuhlman M. I. 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
This paper outlines the results of a comparative study of air- and immiscible CO2 - Water injection based Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) processes for a 30+ °API tight, light oil reservoir. This was accomplished by embedding multiple low- permeability core plugs in crushed reservoir core material to create a composite core that was contained in a 1.84 m long core holder. The objectives of this unscaled experimental work were: 1) to understand the suitability of each EOR process for a low permeability reservoir, 2) to define process parameters prior to a potential field pilot, and 3) to understand the relative merits of each EOR process to mobilize light oil from a tight matrix to a fracture network.
A detailed experimental investigation was conducted at realistic reservoir conditions to evaluate the feasibility of an air injection-based EOR process. The air injection results were compared with those from an immiscible CO2-Water injection EOR experiment using the same experimental setup and reservoir conditions. Both the air- and CO2 - Water coreflood tests were performed at 10.3 MPa (1500 psig) and 99 °C in a 100 mm diameter, 1.84 m long composite core-holder using 38 mm diameter reservoir core plugs (that represented the matrix) and mounted within the crushed reservoir core material (that represented the fracture); inert helium gas was used to pressure up the core-holder to reservoir pressure. Permeability of the core plugs was from 0.3 to 3 millidarcies, while the permeability of the crushed core material was 1 to 3 Darcies.
Air injection was performed as a standard combustion tube test with injection of 2.3 pore volumes (PV) of air to burn 71% of the packed core length (including helium, a total of 4.3 PV of gas injected). The CO2-Water coreflood was performed with the injection of 2.86 PV of CO2 followed by an extended soak period, then a second injection of an additional 2.86 PV of CO2, followed by the injection of 2.6 PV of water.
The pre- and post-test core plug measurements of oil saturation show that the air injection process removed significantly larger quantities of hydrocarbons than the immiscible CO2-Water injection process. Relative to the initial conditions of the core plugs for the Air-Injection experiment, 95+ percent of the hydrocarbons were removed; noting that some fraction of original oil was consumed as fuel. In the post-test CO2-Water injection core plugs, oil recovery was in the range of 30 to 55 percent of OOIP. These findings suggest, under an appropriate field design, that both processes have the potential to recover incremental oil from tight reservoirs. However, the air-injection may be better suited to mobilize oil, due to thermal expansion, rather than the CO2 - Waterflood process.
Isotopic (δ18O and δ2H) Integrity of Water Samples Collected and Stored by Automatic Samplers
Authors: Williams Mark R. , Lartey Jessica L. , Sanders Laura L. 
Published: March 2018

Core Ideas
Isotopic integrity (δ18O/δ2H) of water samples stored in autosamplers was assessed.
Uncertainty in isotope values increased with increasing storage time and temperature.
Addition of mineral oil to samples decreased evaporation and isotope fractionation.
Stable water isotopes are increasingly becoming part of routine monitoring programs that use automatic samplers. The objectives of this study were to quantify the uncertainty in isotope signatures due to the length of sample storage (1–24 d) inside autosamplers over a range of air temperatures (5–35°C) and to evaluate the effectiveness of two evaporation reduction measures (mineral oil and high density polyethylene balls). Results of the laboratory study showed that up to 11.8% of the sample volume evaporated when samples were stored in an autosampler at 35°C for 24 d. To prevent significant water isotope fractionation, samples should be retrieved from autosamplers <7 d following sample collection when air temperatures are <22°C and <3 d following sample collection when the air temperature is 35°C. If samples need to be stored in an autosampler for longer periods of time, we found that mineral oil added to sample bottles effectively decreases evaporation and the potential for isotope fractionation.
Successful use of transnasal humidified rapid‐insufflation ventilatory exchange during rigid bronchoscopy in a nonagenarian
Authors: Muldoon Sarah , Onwochei Desire , Bille Andrea , Ahmad Imran 
Published: March 2018

SummaryA 98‐year‐old female was referred to our institution for thoracic intervention following the inadvertent aspiration of a button battery. She underwent rigid bronchoscopy using Transnasal Humidified Rapid‐Insufflation Ventilatory Exchange (THRIVE) for oxygenation, rather than traditional techniques, such as jet ventilation or oxygen insufflation via the bronchoscope. We believe this is one of the first published case reports of the use of THRIVE for rigid bronchoscopy in a nonagenerian and outline our experience using THRIVE and the evidence behind the technique.
Modelling the effects of meteorological parameters on water temperature using artificial neural networks
Authors: Temizyurek Merve , Dadaser-Celik Filiz 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
Water temperature affects all biological and chemical processes in water; therefore, it is an extremely important water quality parameter. Meteorological factors are among the most important factors that affect water temperatures. The aim of this study is to develop an artificial neural network (ANN) model to investigate the effects of meteorological parameters on water temperatures at Kızılırmak River in Turkey. Water temperature data were collected from gauging stations on Kızılırmak River, and meteorological data were acquired from the nearest meteorological stations. Air temperature, wind speed, relative humidity, and previous water temperatures were formed the input parameters. The model output included water temperatures. All data were available for the 1995–2007 period, with occasional missing records. The activation functions of the ANN model and the number of neurons in the hidden layer were selected by trial-and-error method to find the best results. The root mean square error and the correlation coefficient between observed and simulated water temperatures were used to assess the model success. The best results were obtained by using sigmoid activation function and scaled conjugate gradient algorithm. This study showed that meteorological data can be used to simulate water temperature with ANN model for Kızılırmak River.
Identification and Characterization of Positively Selected Mutations in Nef of Four HIV-1 Major Subtypes from Los Alamos National Laboratory
Authors: Shadabi Elnaz , Liang Binhua , Plummer Frank , Luo Ma 
Published: March 2018

Background:Human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) mutates rapidly to escape host immune pressure. This results in the generation of positively selected mutations (PSM) throughout the viral genome. Escape mutations in Nef, one of the accessory proteins of HIV-1, which plays an important role in viral pathogenicity have previously been identified in several large cohort studies, but the evolution of PSMs overtime in various HIV-1 subtypes remains unknown.Methods:161 clade A1, 3093 clade B, 647 clade C and 115 clade D HIV-1 nef sequences were obtained from the HIV Database of Los Alamos National Laboratory and aligned using MEGA 6.0. The sequences from each clade were grouped based on the year of collection. Quasi analysis was used to identify PSMs and the number and locations of PSMs were compared among different subtypes.Results:PSMs for all four subtypes were distributed across the sequence of Nef, and conserved residues F90, W113, PxxPxR (a.a 72-77) remain unaltered overtime. The frequency of PSMs was stable among subtype B sequences but increased overtime for other subtypes. Phylogenetic analysis shows that sequences containing PSMs tend to cluster together at both inter and intra- subtype levels.Conclusion:Identification of PSMs and their changes overtime within various subtypes of HIV-1 is important in defining global viral evolutionary patterns that can provide insights for designing therapeutic strategies.
Study of Optimized Window Aggregate Function for Big Data Analytics
Authors: Kumar Shailender , Kumar Preetam , Mittal Aman 
Published: March 2018

Background:
A Window Aggregate function belongs to a class of functions, which have
emerged as a very important tool for Big Data Analytics. They lend support in analysis and decisionmaking
applications. A window aggregate function aggregates and returns the result by applying the
function over a limited number of tuples corresponding to current tuple and hence lending support for
big data analytics. We have gone through different patents related to window aggregate functions and its
optimization. The cost associated with Big data analytics, especially the processing of window functions
is one of the major limiting factors. However, now a number of optimizing techniques have evolved for
both single as well as multiple window aggregate functions.

Methods:
In this paper, the authors have discussed various optimization techniques and summarized the
latest techniques that have been developed over a period through intensive research in this area. The paper
tried to compare various techniques based on certain parameters like the degree of parallelism, multiple
window function support, execution time etc.

Results:
After analyzing all these techniques, segment tree data structure seems better technique as it
outperforms other techniques on different grounds like efficiency, memory overhead, execution speed
and degree of parallelism.

Conclusion:
In order to optimize the window aggregate function, segment tree data structure technique
is a better technique, which can certainly improve the processing of window aggregate function specifically
in big data analytics.
High Secretion of Interleukin-6 and Increased MINCLE Receptor Expression Upon Exposure to Mycobacterial Cord Factor Analog Trehalose-6, 6-Dibehenate (TDB) in Patients with Takayasu Arteritis
Authors: Gupta Nikhil , Kabeerdoss Jayakanthan , Mohan Hindhumathi , Goel Ruchika , Danda Debashish 
Published: March 2018

Introduction:
Suspicion on the association between Takayasu Arteritis (TA) and Tubcerculosis (TB) has been in vogue for years. Prevalence of TB in TA is reported to be higher. We aimed to study innate immune responses in patients with TA on exposure to Trehalose-6,6-dibehenate (TDB), a synthetic analogue of Trehalose-6,6-Dimycolate (TDM, also known as mycobacterial cord factor) in comparison with healthy controls.

Materials and Methods:
Patients with type V TA, satisfying 1990 ACR criteria, and age and sex matched healthy controls were recruited. PBMCs were cultured with 5µg/ml, 50µg/ml or without any TDB for 48 hours in RPMI medium inside a 5% Co2 incubator. IL-6, TNF-α and IL-17 were measured in cell culture supernatant, which was separated from the cells at the end of the incubation period. Gene expressions of IL-6, IL-8, TNFα, IFN-γ, MINCLE and BCL-10 were quantified in real time PCR using specific primers and SYBR green chemistry.

Results:
Twenty two TA patients and 21 healthy controls were recruited. Both patients and controls showed response by secreting IL-6 and TNF-α upon stimulation by TDB. Relative induction (TDB stimulated TA sample / unstimulated control) of IL-6 was significantly higher in TA [31.88(0.74-168)] patients as compared to healthy controls [1.931(0.644-8.21); p<0.002], when co-cultured with 50µg/ml TDB. The expression of MINCLE, the TDB receptor was higher in TA samples than healthy controls upon TDB stimulation.

Conclusion:
Stimulation with mycobacterial synthetic analogue led to higher secretion of IL-6 and higher expression of MINCLE in PBMCs of patients with TA as compared to healthy controls.
Pola sebaran tingkat infeksi bersama serotipe virus dengue di wilayah kajian RT-PCR Balai Besar Teknik Kesehatan Lingkungan dan Pengendalian Penyakit Yogyakarta: analisis data 2013-2015
Authors: Wakano Fitria , Lazuardi Lutfan , Arguni Eggi , Kusnanto Hari 
Published: March 2018

Pattern of concurrent infection of dengue virus serotype in the regional study areas of Yogyakarta Center for Environmental Health and Diseases Control: an analysis of 2013-2015 dataPurposeThis study aimed to determine the pattern in the spread of infection rates with dengue viral serotypes.MethodsThe study was a descriptive research with spatial mapping methods. Data of 132 respondents were collected based on RT-PCR in 2013-2015. The complete address of the village-level patient from the dengue arbovirosis surveillance data of the Center for Environmental Health and Diseases Control Yogyakarta were used to determine the coordinate points with utilization of RBI and Google Earth maps in searching addresses for distribution of case coordinate points. ResultsThere were similarities with the most complex quadruple joint infection rates of DEN in Semarang and Yogjakarta, while Kebumen obtained double DEN level. Three patterns of infection with DEN-1 and DEN-3 have p-value < 0.05 in Semarang in 2014, Sragen in 2015 and Semarang 2013 and 2 patterns in Gunung Kidul 2014 and Kulon Progo 2015. The patterns of infection with DEN-1, DEN-2 and DEN-3 in 2015 were covering Sragen and Semarang in 2013.ConclusionThe most complex areas of infection were Semarang and Yogyakarta. The pattern of most likely cluster infection with DEN-1 and DEN-3 and DEN-1, DEN-2 and DEN-3 allegedly was a result of two infected patients, different serotypes of different mosquitoes or infection of more than one serotype of Ae. aegypti or Ae. albopictus as the main vector.
Prevalence of risk factors in adults who have subjective symptoms to coronary disease in Gunungkidul
Authors: Wakasala Musa , Indriani Citra , Prabandari Yayi Suryo 
Published: March 2018

The prevalence of risk factors in adults who have subjective coronary heart disease symptoms in Gunung KidulPurposeThis study aimed to identify the risk factors of smoking, passive smoking, physical activity, and consumption of fruits and vegetables in adults who have subjective coronary heart disease symptoms.MethodsThis study used secondary data involving 586 participants. Data were obtained from the survey of clean and healthy behaviors conducted by the provincial health office in 2015. Samples were adults aged 18-60 and aged < 18 who have been married and settled in Gunungkidul. Analysis of the relationship between variables used chi-square and Poisson regression tests.ResultsThe prevalence of smoking was lower in those who experience coronary heart disease subjective symptoms than those who do not have this symptom. Multivariate analysis showed a significant association between passive smoking, fruit and vegetable consumption, level of education and coronary heart disease subjective symptoms.ConclusionThis study recommends making a regulation of non-smoking areas and its application in the society. It is also necessary to do socialization and counseling about the dangers, symptoms, and prevention of coronary heart disease.
Determinan penggunaan kelambu berinsektisida di Bengkulu: analisis riskesdas
Authors: Apriana Lina , Ahmad Riris Andono , Mahendradhata Yodi 
Published: March 2018

Determinant factors affecting the use of insecticide-treated nets in Bengkulu: analysis from basic health survey 2013PurposeThis study aimed to identify determinant factors that influence the use of insecticide-treated nets and to evaluate the effectivity of the mosquito nets usage, in pregnant women and young children in Bengkulu, based on basic health survey 2013.MethodThis study used a cross-sectional design. Study population were all members of households in Bengkulu that used insecticide-treated nets, based on basic health survey 2013.ResultsThere were no significant correlations between employment status, education, vulnerable children, use of community health center, housing, and use of wire gauze with insecticide-treated nets. Multivariate logistic regression tests showed that there were some socio-demographic variables, behavior, and environment that affected mosquito net usage.ConclusionSocial determinants of demographic factors, behavioral determinant factors, environmental determinant factors, and presence of children affected the use of insecticide-treated nets, but the use of mosquito nets was not effective against vulnerable groups (pregnant women).
Concentrations of Trace Elements and Clinical Outcomes in Hemodialysis Patients
Authors: Tonelli Marcello , Wiebe Natasha , Bello Aminu , Field Catherine J. , Gill John S. , Hemmelgarn Brenda R. , Holmes Daniel T. , Jindal Kailash , Klarenbach Scott W. , Manns Braden J. , Thadhani Ravi , Kinniburgh David ,   on behalf of the Alberta Kidney Disease Network
Published: March 2018

Background and objectives
Deficiency of essential trace elements and excess of potentially toxic trace elements are common in patients on hemodialysis. Whether these abnormalities are associated with poor outcomes is unknown but worth investigating, because they are potentially treatable.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements
We did a prospective longitudinal study of 1278 patients on incident hemodialysis, assessing blood concentrations of 25 trace elements at baseline. We used adjusted logistic regression to evaluate the association between trace element status and four outcomes (death, cardiovascular events, systemic infection, and hospitalization). A priori hypotheses concerned (1) deficiency of zinc, selenium, and manganese and (2) excess of lead, arsenic, and mercury. Concentrations of the other 19 elements were tested in hypothesis-generating analyses.

Results
Over 2 years of follow-up, 260 (20%) patients died, 285 (24%) experienced a cardiovascular event, 117 (10%) were hospitalized for systemic infection, and 928 (77%) were hospitalized for any cause. Lower concentrations of zinc or manganese and higher concentrations of lead, arsenic, or mercury were not independently associated with higher risk of clinical outcomes. Lower concentrations of selenium were strongly and independently associated with death (odds ratio, 0.86 per decile; 99.2% confidence interval, 0.80 to 0.93) and all-cause hospitalization (odds ratio, 0.92 per decile; 99.2% confidence interval, 0.86 to 0.98). In exploratory analyses, higher copper concentrations were significantly associated with higher risk of death (odds ratio, 1.07 per decile; 99.2% confidence interval, 1.00 to 1.15), and cadmium levels in the highest decile were associated with higher risk of death (odds ratio, 1.89; 99.2% confidence interval, 1.06 to 3.38).

Conclusions
Lower levels of zinc or manganese and higher concentrations of lead, arsenic, or mercury were not associated with higher risk of clinical outcomes, but lower concentrations of selenium were strongly and independently associated with the risks of death and hospitalization.
Kluver-Bucy Syndrome in a Patient with Bipolar Affective Disorder
Authors: Basnet Madhur , Paudel Luna , Gajurel Bikram Prasad , Sapkota Nidesh , Rauniyar Raj Kumar 
Published: March 2018

Introduction: Kluver and Bucy described a behavioral syndrome in rhesus monkeys following bilateral temporal lobectomy which included psychic blindness, hyperorality, hypermetamorphosis, hypersexuality, and emotional unresponsiveness.
Case report: A 44 years old right handed male of Indo-aryan origin, blacksmith by profession, had presented in manic phase of bipolar illness. He had hypersexuality, hypermetamorphosis, hyperorality, and altered dietary habits along with amnesia and fleeting misrecognition of even his close relatives. MRI of the patient showed mild cerebral atrophy with right temporal lobe atrophy. The patient was treated with lithium and olanzapine along with benzodiazepines. The symptoms resolved gradually with resolution of the manic phase. Patient had similar features in the previous manic episode as well that resolved with resolution of mania.
Conclusion: The symptoms of Kluver-Bucy syndrome like increased libido, increased activity might be confused with that of mania. Other features of Kluver-Bucy syndrome and the overt hypersexuality could help identify it even during manic phase of bipolar illness.
ISOLASI DAN KEBERADAAN KHAMIR POTENSIAL PEMFERMENTASI NIRA AREN (Arenga pinnata Merr.) DARI DATARAN RENDAH DAN DATARAN TINGGI DI SUMATERA BARAT
Authors: Periadnadi Periadnadi , Sari Diah Kharisma , Nurmiati Nurmiati 
Published: March 2018

Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengisolasi dan mengkarakter khamir potensial pemfermentasi nira aren segar dari dataran rendah dan dataran tinggi di Sumatera Barat. Penelitian menggunakan metode eksperimen yang hasilnya disajikan secara deskriptif. Parameter yang diamati meliputi total mikroba, total khamir, uji potensi isolat khamir melalui uji fermentasi, karakter morfologi isolat khamir potensial pemfermentasi secara in vitro, serta analisis biokimiawi nira aren. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keberadaan mikroba alami nira aren tertinggi terdapat pada sampel PAM1 (168 x 104 cfu/ml), total khamir tertinggi terdapat pada sampel HLB (85 x 104 cfu/ml), sedangkan presentase khamir tertinggi terdapat pada sampel HLB (69,1%). Uji potensi isolat melalui uji fermentasi diperoleh 5 isolat yang positifmemfermentasi alkohol. Berdasarkan karakter morfologi isolat-isolat khamir dari beberapa lokasi sampel secara in vitro didapatkan 3 isolat genus Hanseniaspora, 1 isolat genus Schizosaccharomyces, dan 1 isolat genus Saccharomyces.
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN PUPUK ZA PADA TANAMAN MURBEI TERHADAP KOKON ULAT SUTERA ALAM
Authors: Fauziah Riski , Prihatin Jekti , Suratno Suratno 
Published: March 2018

Pupuk ZA merupakan pupuk anorganik yang mengandung nitrogen dan sulfur. Nitrogen merupakan unsur hara utama pada pertumbuhan tanaman yang merupakan penyusun protein, sedangkan sulfur merupakan penyusun 21 asamamino pembentuk protein. Protein dibutuhkan oleh Bombyx mori L. untuk metabolisme dalam tubuhnya serta untuk pembentukan kokon. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian pupuk ZA pada tanamanmurbei terhadap kokon ulat sutera alam (B. mori). Tanaman murbei yang diberi perlakuan pupuk ZA berumur 1 bulan dari penanaman, dan digunakan sebagai pakan setelah berumur 3 bulan dari penanaman. Jenis penelitian ini yaitu deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat pengaruh tanaman murbei yang diberi pupuk ZA terhadap berat kokon (F=8,767, p=0,000) dan diameter kokon (F=2,914, p=0,036). Rerata berat kokon tertinggi yaitu pada P3 (18,75 g/polybag) dengan rerata 1,91 g. Rerata diameter kokon tertinggi pada P3 (18,75 g/polybag) dengan rerata 2,08 cm.