bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Analytical Ability of PLS and SVM Algorithm in Estimation of Moisture Content, Higher Heating Value, and Lower Heating Value of Cassava Rhizome Ground using FT-NIR Spectroscopy
Authors: Nakawajana Natrapee , Posom Jetsada 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
FT-NIR spectroscopy coupled with chemometrics analysis was used for nondestructive estimation of moisture content (MC), higher heating value (HHV) and lower heating value (LHV) of cassava rhizome ground. The goal of this study was compared to the analytical ability of both algorithm between PLS and SVM. The purpose was to find the effective modelling technique. The outcome was found that PLS and SVM provided good accuracy in evaluation of energy properties, and could be utilized for quality assurance. PLS algorithm gave slightly higher accuracy than SVM algorithm for the prediction of MC, HHV, and LHV. PLS regression generated no difference between measured and predicted value. PLS and SVM regression showed R2 between 0.90-0.98 and 0.84-0.90 for all parameters, respectively. The pre-processing of 2nd derivative was suitable for the PLS and SVM regression to the modelling.
Alternative medium from agricultural by-products used for a starter of vinegar fermentation
Authors: Tanamool V , Soemphol W 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The objective of this research was to find a cheap agricultural waste media for the preparation of the effective starter culture of acetic acid bacteria (AAB). The alternative culture medium for AAB was compared to potato medium, preparing from pineapple peel extract (PPE) and banana juice. These media was adjusted the reducing sugar to 25 gL−1 and initial pH of 5.0 used for growing Acetobacter pasteurianus FPB2-3. The results found that this strain grew well in PPE medium comparable to potato medium and viable cells achieved the level of at least 9 log CFUmL−1 when cultured for 36 hr. While addition of banana juice, led cell growth decreased. The highest alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and acetaldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) activities in cell free extract were gained by using potato medium while the alternative media showed decrease of activity. However, these pre-culture gave acetic acid production same as the control medium, which cell completely oxidize ethanol to acetic acid. Consistently, analysis by FT-IR indicated insignificantly difference on cell components among these media. The result shows that constitutes of such agricultural by-product can be utilized as an alternative cheap inoculation media for AAB.
Isolation and characterization of chitosan from fish scale waste
Authors: Aichayawanich S , Saengprapaitip M 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
This research aims to study the isolated conditions that affect the characteristics of chitosan from fish scale waste which was received from fermented fish factory. The chitosan was isolated by three steps which are deproteinization, demineralization, and deacetylation. In deacetylation steps, the chitosan from fish scale was produced under conditions of 35, 45, and 55°C with 2 M NaOH for 5 hr and a ratio between chitin and NaOH equal to 1:4, 1:6, and 1:8 (w/v). The experimental results showed that the ratio between fish scale and NaOH and deacetylation temperature influenced on yield, L*, b*, and deacetylation degree of the chitosan. The yield values of the chitosan were in range of 24.94-49.84%. The chitosan had deacetylation degree was in the range of 19.17-21.64%. The viscosity of the chitosan solution was approximately 15.66 cP. The outer surface of the chitosan is rough. Moreover, the Staphylococcus aureus inhibit activity of the chitosan was not presented.
Effect of ohmic heating on colour and texture of chicken frankfurter
Authors: Lim-im J , Kulketwong C , Suwanpayak N , Thungsotanon D 
Published: September 2019

AbstractOhmic method is a heating technique using the electrical current directly through the food. In this study, the commercial chicken frankfurters were heated by an alternating current in a voltage range of 45-55 V and compared the qualities in term of colour, texture, moisture content and water activity with the non-heating. The voltage gradient was conversely correlated with the heating duration. The high voltage gradient could raise the target temperature in a short time but it provided the less shear force of specimen tenderness. On the other hand, every voltage insignificantly influenced the sausage moisture content. The large amount of the water activity was significant decreased at the voltage gradient of 50 V and the hardness and the shearing level of the sample of this intensity were similar to the non-heating sausage. The specimens with ohmic heating seemed homogeneous colour with naked eye whereas the measured values were slightly different.
The Stickiness of Fresh Noodle after Steaming Process
Authors: Aichayawanich Sawanit , Wongsa Jittimon 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
This research aims to study stickiness of fresh noodles after steaming process. The experimental procedures started with studying gelatinization, glass transition and surface characteristics of the fresh noodles after steaming for 0, 3, 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 60 and 90 min. Then, temperatures of the fresh noodle were determined. Finally, force that was required to separate fresh noodles strips were investigated. Results showed that the fresh noodles were in rubbery state after steaming for less than 3 min. Moreover, after the steaming, gelatinization of the fresh noodle was not presented. Surfaces of the fresh noodles strips were not locked together after being placed in the overlap. The separation force of the fresh noodles strips was decreased with an increase of time after steaming. The separation force of the fresh noodles strips was the highest when the state of the fresh noodle was rubbery.
Effect of extrusion conditions on the physical properties of coconut rice-based extrudates
Authors: Dumchaiyapoom K , Hannanta-anan P , Phongpipatpong M 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Coconut meal is a by-product of coconut oil and coconut milk production. It is a rich source of dietary fiber which shows to have an important role in lowing the risk of various chronic diseases. Therefore, it is interesting to convert the coconut meal, previously recognized as a valueless by-product, into a nutritious food product. The aim of this work is to investigate the possibility of such conversion using a widely known extrusion method. The effect of extrusion variables, including the coconut meal content (0, 6, and 12 %), glutinous rice content (5, 10 and 15%) and screw speed of extruder (380, 400 and 420 rpm) were investigated on the properties of extruded products. Physical properties of the extrudates such as expansion ratio, density, water absorption index (WAI), water solubility index (WSI), crispness and moisture content were evaluated. Our study showed that the extrudates had expansion ratio of 2.30-2.78%, density of 0.55-0.76 g/cm3, WAI of 4.24-5.50 g/g, WSI of 21.51-33.37%, crispness of 16.87-27.73 kg.sec and moisture content of 6.76-8.27%. The regression models for true density, expansion ratio, crispness, WAI and WSI were derived and statistically significant (p<0.05).
Epitaxial growth and electronic properties of few-layer stanene on InSb (1 1 1)
Authors: Zheng Xiaohu , Zhang Jian-Feng , Tong Bingbing , Du Rui-Rui 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Stanene has been theoretically predicted to be a 2D topological insulator with a large band gap, potentially hosting quantum spin Hall effect at room temperature. Here, few-layer stanene films have been epitaxially grown on Sb-terminated InSb (1 1 1) surface and their structural and electrical properties are characterized. Scanning tunneling spectrum results reveal a large bulk bandgap in single-layer stanene (over 0.2 eV). Moreover, spectroscopy evidence for a filled edge state near the steps was observed. The gap decreases dramatically with increasing number of layers, and multilayer stanene should become a Dirac semimetal in the bulk limit. The changeover may involve nontrivial topological phase transitions. Clear and reproducible Shubnikov–de Haas oscillations were observed on the single-layer stanene films that were exposed to atmospheric conditions for an extended period of time, showing the possibility for device experiments using nanofabrication and magneto-transport. Our results demonstrate that the single-layer stanene is a promising topological material for exploring fundamental physics and quantum applications.
Towards photoferroic materials by design: recent progress and perspectives
Authors: Castelli Ivano E , Olsen Thomas , Chen Yunzhong 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The use of photoferroic materials that combine ferroelectric and light-harvesting properties in a photovoltaic device is a promising route to significantly improving the efficiency of solar cells. These materials do not require the formation of a p−n junction and can produce photovoltages well above the value of the band gap, because of spontaneous intrinsic polarization and the formation of domain walls. From this perspective, we discuss the recent experimental progress and challenges regarding the synthesis of these materials and the theoretical discovery of novel photoferroic materials using a high-throughput approach.
A Snap-Stabilizing m-wave Algorithm for Tree Networks
Authors: Hakan Karaata Mehmet , Nais AlMutairi Anwar 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
In this paper, we propose the first efficient, reliable and safe snap-stabilizing $m$-$wave$ (multi-initiator wave) algorithm implementing concurrent waves started by multiple initiator processes in tree networks. Unlike its self-stabilizing counterpart and broadcast algorithms, the proposed algorithm is a reliable and safe $m$-wave algorithm, i.e. it implements an $m$-wave such that after it is started in an arbitrary initial configuration or after faults, the first $m$-wave started is guaranteed to reach all system processes as per its specification. In addition, the proposed $m$-wave algorithm increases the efficiency of the broadcast compared to a $1$-wave algorithm by allowing the broadcast to be initiated by multiple processes. Our proposed algorithm is safe in the sense that after initiating an $m$-wave, it completes as per the specifications. Additionally, it is reliable as the algorithm guarantees that each process receives at least one broadcast from an initiator process. Furthermore, the proposed algorithm significantly reduces the broadcast completion time compared to that of its single counterparts. Solutions to global-snapshots, distributed broadcast and various synchronization problems can be solved efficiently using waves with multiple concurrent initiators. In addition, the proposed algorithm has applications in mobile wireless sensor networks, VANETs and military communication networks.
The genome of Populus alba x Populus tremula var. glandulosa clone 84K
Authors: Qiu Deyou , Bai Shenglong , Ma Jianchao , Zhang Lisha , Shao Fenjuan , Zhang Kaikai , Yang Yanfang , Sun Ting , Huang Jinling , Zhou Yun , Galbraith David W , Wang Zhaoshan , Sun Guiling 
Published: September 2019

AbstractPoplar 84K (Populus alba x P. tremula var. glandulosa) is a fast-growing poplar hybrid. Originated in South Korea, this hybrid has been extensively cultivated in northern China. Due to the economic and ecological importance of this hybrid and high transformability, we now report the de novo sequencing and assembly of a male individual of poplar 84K using PacBio and Hi-C technologies. The final reference nuclear genome (747.5 Mb) has a contig N50 size of 1.99 Mb and a scaffold N50 size of 19.6 Mb. Complete chloroplast and mitochondrial genomes were also assembled from the sequencing data. Based on similarities to the genomes of P. alba var. pyramidalis and P. tremula, we were able to identify two subgenomes, representing 356 Mb from P. alba (subgenome A) and 354 Mb from P. tremula var. glandulosa (subgenome G). The phased assembly allowed us to detect the transcriptional bias between the two subgenomes, and we found that the subgenome from P. tremula displayed dominant expression in both 84K and another widely used hybrid, P. tremula x P. alba. This high-quality poplar 84K genome will be a valuable resource for poplar breeding and for molecular biology studies.
Rise and Fall of an Oak Gall Wasp (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) Outbreak in Massachusetts
Authors: Smith-Freedman Cameron J , Andersen Jeremy C , Griffin Brian P , Schick Katherine , Elkinton Joseph S 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe recently described oak gall wasp Zapatella davisae Buffington & Melika (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) has caused extensive damage and mortality to black oak trees, Quercus velutina L. (Fagales: Fagaceae), in coastal parts of New England, United States. Like many newly described and/or newly introduced species, it is unclear how long populations of Z. davisae have existed in this region. However, as this species forms galls on the woody-tissue of its host, it may be possible to obtain historical information about changes in its population size by examining the presence of galls in relation to annual growth nodes. Here, we explore the utility of this approach to determine population size changes in Z. davisae densities on Nantucket, Martha's Vineyard, and Cape Cod, Massachusetts, through dissection of black oak branches. In addition, we calculated parasitism rates during the years of study and obtained morphological and molecular identifications for the parasitoids associated with Z. davisae. Our results show significant changes in population sizes, with higher levels of parasitism at sites on Martha's Vineyard and Cape Cod compared to sites on Nantucket. In addition, morphological examinations, in combination with DNA sequencing, identified the associated parasitoids as five species in the genus Sycophila Walker (Hymenoptera: Eurytomidae). We comment that considerable morphological variation within several of these recovered species was observed, present the first record of males for a species from which only females have been described, and suggest that future work is required to clarify the species boundaries for this important parasitoid group.
A system dynamic perspective of stop–start prevention interventions in Australia
Authors: Roussy Véronique , Riley Therese , Livingstone Charles , Russell Grant 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Time-limited prevention initiatives are frequently used to address complex and persisting public health issues, such as non-communicable diseases. This often creates issues in terms of achieving sustainable change. In this study, we use a system dynamic perspective to explore the effects of stop–start funding over system behaviour in two community-based initiatives designed to prevent chronic diseases and obesity. We conducted a qualitative exploratory study using complexity theory as an analytical lens of two Healthy Together Communities (HTCs) initiatives in Victoria, Australia. Data were generated from 20 semi-structured interviews with health promotion practitioners and managers, from community health and local government organizations. Template analysis based on properties of complex systems informed the inductive identification of system behaviour narratives across the stop–start life-course of HTCs. A central narrative of system behaviour emerged around relationships. Within it, we identified pre-existing contextual conditions and intervention design elements that influenced non-linearity of system self-organization and adaptation, and emergence of outcomes. Examples include cynicism, personal relationships and trust, and history of collaboration. Feedback loops operated between HTCs and these conditions, in a way that could influence long-term system behaviour. Taking a dynamic life-course view of system behaviour helps understand the pre-existing contextual factors, design and implementation influences, and feedback loops which shape the long-term legacy of short-lived interventions aimed at solving complex issues. In turn, greater awareness of such interactions can inform better design and implementation of community-based interventions.
Red Stars and Yellow Stars: The Soviet Investigation of Klooga Concentration Camp
Authors: Chan Paula 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
This study considers the extent to which Stalinist political goals influenced the Soviet Extraordinary State Commission’s information gathering about Nazi crimes on the local level. Examining the investigation of Klooga concentration camp in Estonia, the author compares the statements that Jewish survivors gave to commission investigators with these same survivors’ testimony preserved in other Soviet and non-Soviet sources. She argues that investigations took fundamentally different courses in different places due to local agendas and conditions. In cases such as Klooga, Jewish survivors and Soviet investigators worked together to document Nazi atrocities, creating the accurate record that Stalin’s government required to pursue its political objectives.
Systematic Review and Meta-analysis: Short-Chain Fatty Acid Characterization in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Zhuang Xiaojun , Li Tong , Li Manying , Huang Shanshan , Qiu Yun , Feng Rui , Zhang Shenghong , Chen Minhu , Xiong Lishou , Zeng Zhirong 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Background
Alterations in gut microbiota and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) have been reported in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), but the results are conflicting. The aim of this study was to perform a meta-analysis to explore the characterization of SCFAs in IBD patients and their potential role in the occurrence and development of IBD.

Methods
Case–control studies investigating SCFAs in IBD patients were identified from several English databases. The standardized mean difference (SMD) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated using the random-effects model.

Results
The SMDs of acetate, valerate, and total SCFAs in ulcerative colitis (UC) patients were –0.51 (95% CI, –0.90 to –0.13), –0.65 (95% CI, –1.02 to –0.28), and –0.51 (95% CI, –0.95 to –0.07), respectively. The SMDs of acetate, propionate, and butyrate in patients with active UC were –1.74 (95% CI, –3.15 to –0.33), –2.42 (95% CI, –4.24 to –0.60), and –1.99 (95% CI, –3.39 to –0.60), respectively. However, the SMD of butyrate in UC patients in remission was 0.72 (95% CI, 0.34 to 1.11). In addition, the SMDs of acetate, butyrate, and valerate in Crohn’s disease (CD) patients were –1.43 (95% CI, –2.81 to –0.04), –0.77 (95% CI, –1.39 to –0.14), and –0.75 (95% CI, –1.47 to –0.02), respectively. Finally, the SMDs of acetate, propionate, butyrate, valerate, and lactate in IBD patients were –2.19 (95% CI, –3.98 to –0.39), –1.64 (95% CI, –3.02 to –0.25), –1.98 (95% CI, –3.93 to –0.03), –0.55 (95% CI, –0.93 to –0.18), and 4.02 (95% CI, 1.44 to 6.61), respectively.

Conclusions
There were alterations of SCFAs in IBD patients, and inconsistent SCFA alterations were found in CD and UC. More importantly, inverse SCFA alterations existed in patients with active UC and those in remission.
Efficacy of herbal medicine TJ-14 for acute radiation-induced enteritis: a multi-institutional prospective Phase II trial
Authors: Murai Taro , Matsuo Masayuki , Tanaka Hidekazu , Manabe Yoshihiko , Takaoka Taiki , Hachiya Kae , Yamaguchi Takahiro , Otsuka Shinya , Shibamoto Yuta 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe purpose of this multi-institutional Phase II trial study was to prospectively investigate the efficacy of the herbal medicine TJ-14 for acute radiation-induced enteritis (ARE). TJ-14 was administered orally as a first-line treatment for ARE. The primary end point was efficacy at 1 week. The secondary end points were: (i) the efficacy of TJ-14 at 2 and 3 weeks after its administration, (ii) the quality of life score (FACT-G) at 1, 2 and 3 weeks after its administration, and (iii) adverse events. If the efficacy of TJ-14 was observed in eight patients or fewer, its efficacy was rejected. Results: Forty patients receiving pelvic radiotherapy were enrolled. Of these, 22 developed ARE and received TJ-14. Among these, 19 had cervical cancer and 9 received chemoradiotherapy. TJ-14 efficacy was shown in 19 out of the 22 patients (86%). Stool frequency per day at 1 week significantly decreased (mean ± SD: 4.9 ± 2.1 vs 3.7 ± 1.9, P = 0.02). This effect continued at 2 (2.2 ± 1.4, P = 0.004) and 3 weeks (2.1 ± 0.9, P = 0.05). Thirteen out of the 22 patients (59%) continued TJ-14 until the end of radiotherapy. FACT-G score deterioration was not observed after the administration of TJ-14. Grade 1 hypokalemia was observed in 4 patients, and Grade 1 constipation in 3. We concluded that TJ-14 is sufficiently promising to be examined in a Phase III trial. A randomized controlled trial is currently being planned.
Introduction: Trade Union Networks and the Politics of Expertise in an Age of Afro-Asian Solidarity
Authors: Stolte Carolien 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Across 1950s Afro-Asia, the ongoing process of political decolonization occurred in tandem with increased connection between the local, the regional, and the global. A variety of internationalist movements emerged, much more polyphonic than the voices of the political leaders who had gathered at the Bandung Conference. Trade union networks played a particularly important role not just in organizing labor but in connecting local unions to regional and global ones. These networks were held together by exchanges between local African and Asian trade unions and large international federations such as the World Federation of Trade Unions and the International Confederation of Free Trade Unions. But they were held together at least as much by more horizontal connections in pursuit of Afro-Asian solidarity. Many of the latter built on anti-imperialist alliances, revived or reconstituted, dating back to the interwar years. A focus on the trade-union internationalism of the period can recover a “chronology of possibility” in early Cold War Afro-Asia that has since become obscured by the internationalist failings of the 1960s. It also demonstrates the limited analytical value of the term “non-alignment” for the broader Afro-Asian moment during the early years of the Cold War. Instead, it recasts the 1950s as a global moment for Afro-Asia, in which internationalists built networks that were elastic enough to encompass a wide variety of actors and ideas and resistant enough to withstand the pressure of bodies larger and more powerful.
Leptospirosis Seroconversion Surveillance Among US Marines Assigned to Japan, 2011–2015
Authors: Chen Hua-Wei , Zhang Zhiwen , Belinskaya Tatyana , Williams Maya , Ching Wei-Mei 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Introduction: Leptospirosis is a global zoonotic disease spread through contact with contaminated water/soil. The US soldiers at the military bases in these countries are extremely vulnerable, as most of them are immunologically naïve to the responsible pathogen. No recent sero-epidemiological data of leptospirosis among US Marines stationed in Japan were available. Materials and Methods: In this study, we analyzed the presence of leptospirosis in US Marines stationed in Japan. One thousand posttour sera samples were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for Leptospira-specific Immunoglobulin G. Results: Among these 1,000 posttour samples, 85 of them were positive and corresponding pretour samples were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay also. Seroconversion occurred for 35 (3.5%) Marines during their assignment to Japan. These results also indicate that 50 Marine personnels were exposed to leptospires before their assignment to Japan, perhaps because of previous exposure to leptospires at home. Conclusion: The 5% rate of seroconversion in 2013 and 2014 suggests that leptospirosis is a potential threat for Marines in the endemic region in Japan.