bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Determination of pesticides residues in quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd) using QuEChERS and LC-MS/MS
Authors: Vilca Franz Zirena , Moura Andrade Graziela Cristina Rossi , Zamalloa Cuba Walter Alejandro. , Tornisielo Valdemar Luiz. 
Published: June 2018

The QuEChERS method was optimized and validated for the determination of 40 pesticides in 37 samples of quinoa from the harvest 2010-2011 in Puno - Peru. The method involves extraction with 1% acetic acid acetonitrile with CH3COONa anhydrous and MgSO4 followed by dispersive solid-phase extraction with PSA and C18. Analyses were performed with LC-MS/MS using C18 column 150 mm x 2.1 x 3.5 µm, water and acetonitrile 0.1% formic acid used as mobile phase. Spiked quinoa blank at 0.01 and 0.1 mg kg-1 was employed to evaluate recovery ranging from the 31.6 and 125.1% with RSD ≤ 23. The method showed linearity r2 ≥ 0.99 and limits of quantification ranged from 0.001 and 0.01 mg kg-1, and was not observed a matrix effects. No pesticides residues were observed in the analyzed samples.
Prognostic, predictive, and pharmacogenomic assessments of CDX2 refine stratification of colorectal cancer
Authors: Bruun Jarle , Sveen Anita , Barros Rita , Eide Peter W. , Eilertsen Ina , Kolberg Matthias , Pellinen Teijo , David Leonor , Svindland Aud , Kallioniemi Olli , Guren Marianne G. , Nesbakken Arild , Almeida Raquel , Lothe Ragnhild A. 
Published: June 2018

We aimed to refine the value of CDX2 as an independent prognostic and predictive biomarker in colorectal cancer (CRC) according to disease stage and chemotherapy sensitivity in preclinical models. CDX2 expression was evaluated in 1045 stage I–IV primary CRCs by gene expression (n = 403) or immunohistochemistry (n = 642) and in relation to 5‐year relapse‐free survival (RFS), overall survival (OS), and chemotherapy. Pharmacogenomic associations between CDX2 expression and 69 chemotherapeutics were assessed by drug screening of 35 CRC cell lines. CDX2 expression was lost in 11.6% of cases and showed independent poor prognostic value in multivariable models. For individual stages, CDX2 was prognostic only in stage IV, independent of chemotherapy. Among stage I–III patients not treated in an adjuvant setting, CDX2 loss was associated with a particularly poor survival in the BRAF‐mutated subgroup, but prognostic value was independent of microsatellite instability status and the consensus molecular subtypes. In stage III, the 5‐year RFS rate was higher among patients with loss of CDX2 who received adjuvant chemotherapy than among patients who did not. The CDX2‐negative cell lines were significantly more sensitive to chemotherapeutics than CDX2‐positive cells, and the multidrug resistance genes MDR1 and CFTR were significantly downregulated both in CDX2‐negative cells and in patient tumors. Loss of CDX2 in CRC is an adverse prognostic biomarker only in stage IV disease and appears to be associated with benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy in stage III. Early‐stage patients not qualifying for chemotherapy might be reconsidered for such treatment if their tumor has loss of CDX2 and mutated BRAF.
Validation of MLC‐based linac radiosurgery for trigeminal neuralgia
Authors: Stevens M. Tynan R. , Lobb Eric C. , Yenice Kamil M. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThis study details a validation process for linear accelerator‐based treatment of trigeminal neuralgia using HD‐MLC field collimation. Nine trigeminal neuralgia treatment plans utilizing HD‐MLC were selected for absolute dose measurement at isocenter using a commercial scintillating detector in an anthropomorphic phantom. Four plans were chosen for film dosimetry measurements in each of the three principal planes to assess spatial dose distribution agreement with the treatment planning system. Additionally, trajectory log analysis for each treatment field in the nine cases was performed to assess mechanical positioning accuracy of the MLC system during delivery. Scintillator and film measurements both revealed mean dose agreement at isocenter of better than 3% while FWHM of the 2D dose distribution in each plane showed agreement between plan and measurement within 0.2 mm. Analysis of log files revealed a maximum MLC leaf positioning error of 0.04 mm across 178 treatment fields. In conjunction with a quality‐controlled treatment delivery methodology, an appropriately commissioned treatment planning system can be used for accurate and clinically appropriate design of trigeminal neuralgia treatment plans utilizing HD‐MLC.
Hydrogen Peroxide‐Treated Carbon Dot Phosphor with a Bathochromic‐Shifted, Aggregation‐Enhanced Emission for Light‐Emitting Devices and Visible Light Communication
Authors: Zhou Zhengjie , Tian Pengfei , Liu Xiaoyan , Mei Shiliang , Zhou Ding , Li Di , Jing Pengtao , Zhang Wanlu , Guo Ruiqian , Qu Songnan , Rogach Andrey L. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractIt is demonstrated that treatment of blue‐emissive carbon dots (CDs) with aqueous hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) results in the green emissive solid state CD phosphor with photoluminescence quantum yield of 25% and short luminescence lifetime of 6 ns. The bathochromic‐shifted, enhanced green emission of H2O2‐treated CDs in the powder is ascribed to surface state changes occurring in the aggregated material. Using the green emissive H2O2‐treated CD phosphor, down‐conversion white‐light‐emitting devices with cool, pure, and warm white light are fabricated. Moreover, using the green emissive CD phosphor as a color converter, a laser‐based white‐light source is realized, and visible light communication with a high modulation bandwidth of up to 285 MHz and data transmission rate of ≈435 Mbps is demonstrated.
Oxide Layer Enhances Photocurrent Gain of the Planar MAPbI3 Photodetector
Authors: Gegevičius Rokas , Treideris Marius , Pakštas Vidas , Franckevičius Marius , Gulbinas Vidmantas 
Published: June 2018

AbstractEven though the current development of hybrid perovskite photodetectors makes them competitive with their inorganic analogs, a detailed fundamental understanding of their operating principles is still lacking. Here, the performance of planar polycrystalline perovskite photodetectors fabricated on interdigitated comb electrodes made from various metals is studied. It is demonstrated that the oxide layer on Cr and Pt electrodes increases the photo current gain by an order of magnitude. It is suggested that the gain enhancement originates from the hindered extraction of photogenerated holes and the migration of ions, which creates additional hole‐traps at interfaces. These effects reduce the barrier for electron injection and enable the passage of a larger number of electrons during the prolonged lifetime of photogenerated holes.
The Symmetrical Foundation of Measure, Probability, and Quantum Theories
Authors: Skilling John , Knuth Kevin H. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractQuantification starts with sum and product rules that express combination and partition. These rules rest on elementary symmetries that have wide applicability, which explains why arithmetical adding up and splitting into proportions are ubiquitous. Specifically, measure theory formalizes addition, and probability theory formalizes inference in terms of proportions. Quantum theory rests on the same simple symmetries, but is formalized in two dimensions, not just one, in order to track an object through its binary interactions with other objects. The symmetries still require sum and product rules (here known as the Feynman rules), but they apply to complex numbers instead of real scalars, with observable probabilities being modulus squared (known as the Born rule). The standard quantum formalism follows. There is no mystery or weirdness, just ordinary probabilistic inference.
Nonlinear Airy Light Bullets in a 3D Self‐Defocusing Medium
Authors: Zhong Wei‐Ping , Belić Milivoj , Yang Zhengping 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe (3+1)‐dimensional [(3+1)D] nonlinear Schrödinger (NLS) equation is investigated, describing the propagation of nonlinear spatiotemporal wave packets in a self‐defocusing medium, and a new type of Airy spatiotemporal solutions is presented. By using the reductive perturbation method, the (3+1)D NLS equation is reduced to the spherical Kortewegde Vries (SKdV) equation. Based on the Hirota's bilinear method, the bilinear form of the SKdV equation is constructed and Airy light bullet (LB) solutions of different orders are obtained, which depend on the sets of two free constants associated with the amplitude and initial phase. The results show that these Airy LBs can exist in the self‐defocusing medium and their intensities can be controlled by selecting the suitable free parameters along the propagation distance. As examples, three types of low‐order approximate LB solutions are presented and their intensity profiles numerically discussed. The obtained results are helpful in exploring nonlinear phenomena in a self‐defocusing medium and providing a new approach for possible experimental verification of LBs.
Supramolekulare Pillar[n]aren‐Aggregate und ihre Anwendungen
Authors: Ogoshi Tomoki , Kakuta Takahiro , Yamagishi Tada‐aki 
Published: June 2018

AbstractMakrocyclen sind wichtige Komponenten der supramolekularen Chemie. 2008 wurde eine neue Klasse von Makrocyclen, die so genannten Pillar[n]arene, entdeckt. Die Forschungsaktivitäten im Bereich der Pillar[n]arene haben zur Aufklärung ihrer wichtigen Eigenschaften, wie ihrer Form, Reaktionsmechanismen, Wirt‐Gast‐Eigenschaften und vielseitigen Funktionalität, beigetragen, wodurch die Entwicklung der Pillar[n]aren‐Chemie und die Anwendung von Pillar[n]arenen in verschiedenen Gebieten vorangetrieben wurden. Dieser Kurzaufsatz beschreibt, wie supramolekulare Pillar[n]aren‐Aggregate für die supramolekulare Gelbildung, chemische Reaktionen, Lichtsammelsysteme, Wirkstofftransportsysteme, biochemische Anwendungen, Trenn‐ und Speichermaterialien sowie die Oberflächenchemie verwendet werden können.
Target‐Induced Catalytic Assembly of Y‐Shaped DNA and Its Application for In Situ Imaging of MicroRNAs
Authors: Xue Chang , Zhang Shu‐Xin , Ouyang Chang‐He , Chang Dingran , Salena Bruno J. , Li Yingfu , Wu Zai‐Sheng 
Published: June 2018

AbstractDNA is a highly programmable material that can be configured into unique high‐order structures, such as DNA branched junctions containing multiple helical arms converging at a center. Herein we show that DNA programmability can deliver in situ growth of a 3‐way junction‐based DNA structure (denoted Y‐shaped DNA) with the use of three hairpin‐shaped DNA molecules as precursors, a specific microRNA target as a recyclable trigger, and a DNA polymerase as a driver. We demonstrate that the Y‐shaped configuration comes with the benefit of restricted freedom of movement in confined cellular environment, which makes the approach ideally suited for in situ imaging of small RNA targets, such as microRNAs. Comparative analysis illustrates that the proposed imaging technique is superior to both the classic fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) method and an analogous amplified imaging method via programmed growth of a double‐stranded DNA (rather than Y‐shaped DNA) product.
Effects of Seed Coat on Oxidative Stability and Antioxidant Activity of Apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) Kernel Oil at Different Roasting Temperatures
Authors: Zhou Bo , Sun Yajuan , Li Jingbo , Long Qizhi , Zhong Haiyan 
Published: June 2018

AbstractApricot kernels were roasted at various temperatures (120–180 °C) for 10 min and changes in the fatty‐acid profiles, oxidative stability, and antioxidant activity, as well as the total phenolic contents (TPC) of the oils and skin (seed coat), were monitored. Roasting has no obvious influence on profiles and contents of fatty acid, induction period (IP), browning index, TPC, and antioxidant activity (2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2‐azinobis(3‐ethylbenzothiazoline‐6‐sulfonic acid), (ABTS) and Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity (ORAC) of oils obtained from apricot naked‐kernel, but increases IP, TPC, and oxidative stability in oils obtained from apricot kernel with skin. All results in the present work demonstrated that thermal treatment accelerated the production and transference of alcohol‐soluble phenolics into the oil, and improved the oil oxidative stability. It is not Maillard reaction products but alcohol‐soluble phenolic compounds in skins that play a role in improving the oxidative stability and antioxidant activity of oils, and inhibition for primary peroxide production was more effective than secondary peroxide production at a low roasting temperature and a short roasting time. The present findings can advance knowledge on the conditions used for utilization of coproducts (skin) of apricot kernel and facilitate large‐scale production of stable oil against oxidation.
Functional Chia Oil‐in‐Water Emulsions Stabilized with Chia Mucilage and Sodium Caseinate
Authors: Capitani Marianela I. , Sandoval‐Peraza Mukthar , Chel‐Guerrero Luis A. , Betancur‐Ancona David A. , Nolasco Susana M. , Tomás Mabel C. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe objective of this research was to study the effect of adding different concentrations of chia mucilage (0%, 0.30%, or 0.80%, wt/wt) and sodium caseinate (NaCas) as emulsifying agents (0.1%, 0.5%, 2.0%, or 5.0%, wt/wt) on the stability of oil‐in‐water (O/W) emulsions (10:90, wt/wt) as a function of storage time, at room temperature. The emulsions were characterized by determining the evolution of backscattering profiles, the particle‐size distribution, and microscopic observations. The most stable emulsions over the storage period were those with 0.80% of the chia mucilage concentration. These emulsions also presented a bimodal particle‐size distribution, while the emulsions without chia mucilage exhibited a monomodal distribution. The De Brouker mean diameter (D) [4,3] of all the emulsions decreased with increasing NaCas concentrations and they increased with storage time, mainly for the emulsions with the lowest chia mucilage and the emulsifying agent concentrations. The optical micrographs showed a high destabilization in the emulsions with low concentrations of chia mucilage and NaCas. The results suggest that the addition of chia mucilage to O/W emulsions confers more stability to the emulsions, as a function of increase in the mucilage concentration. The addition of NaCas also showed a greater stability with increasing concentration for both emulsions (with and without chia mucilage).
Stewardship of Integrity in Scientific Communication
Authors: Albertine Kurt H. 
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACTIntegrity in the pursuit of discovery through application of the scientific method and reporting the results is an obligation for each of us as scientists. We cannot let the value of science be diminished because discovering knowledge is vital to understand ourselves and our impacts on the earth. We support the value of science by our stewardship of integrity in the conduct, training, reporting, and proposing of scientific investigation. The players who have these responsibilities are authors, reviewers, editors, and readers. Each role has to be played with vigilance for ethical behavior, including compliance with regulations for protections of study subjects, use of select agents and biohazards, regulations of use of stem cells, resource sharing, posting datasets to public repositories, and so on. The positive take‐home message is that the scientific community is taking steps in behavior to protect the integrity of science. Anat Rec, 2018. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Anat Rec, 301:1481–1487, 2018. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Writing Scientific and Medical Papers Clearly
Authors: Wheatley Denys 
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACTMy concern in this presentation is with the falling standard of papers, particularly primary research articles, in the scientific and medical literature. Few of our younger generation of scientists (and many older ones) have never had specific training in how to write a good article, and yet this is the major product of all research effort that has been done, perhaps over a year or more. This is a situation that has to be corrected by all institutions, universities, and similar bodies, who need to introduce into the curriculum a course (not just a token lecture) that deals with the complexity of writing a lucid article that is succinct and written with style. To assist in this exercise, I have now produced a manual (1) that goes step‐by‐step through the process of writing and publishing scientific papers in such a way that they have much greater chance of being accepted by learned journals. Anat Rec, 301:1493–1496, 2018. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Reproducibility — A Journal Editor's Perspective
Authors: Drubin David 
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACTRecent articles published in the popular press have highlighted how science can go wrong; alarmingly, when some labs have attempted to reproduce results of already published data from preclinical studies, they have reported being successful only 12%–25% of the time. As there is a lack of consensus about this problem, this talk focuses on the magnitude and applicability of the problem of reproducibility and what journals can do to address it. Anat Rec, 301:1488–1490, 2018. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Organocatalytic Asymmetric Cascade Aerobic Oxidation and Semipinacol Rearrangement Reaction: A Visible Light‐Induced Approach to Access Chiral 2,2‐Disubstituted Indolin‐3‐ones
Authors: Bu Liwei , Li Jiangtao , Yin Yanli , Qiao Baokun , Chai Guobi , Zhao Xiaowei , Jiang Zhiyong 
Published: June 2018

AbstractAn enantioselective cascade aerobic oxidation and semipinacol rearrangement reaction of 2‐aryl‐3‐alkyl‐substituted indoles via visible‐light‐driven cooperative organophotoredox and H‐bonding catalysis is reported. The current method provides an expedient and sustainable approach to furnish a variety of valuable chiral 2‐aryl‐2‐alkyl‐substituted indolin‐3‐ones in 64–90 % yield with 58–94 % ee. Preliminary control experiments present important insights into the stereochemistry.
Design and Synthesis of Quenched Activity‐based Probes for Diacylglycerol Lipase and α,β‐Hydrolase Domain Containing Protein 6
Authors: van Rooden E. J. , Kohsiek M. , Kreekel R. , van Esbroeck A. C. M. , van den Nieuwendijk A. M. C. H. , Janssen A. P. A. , van den Berg R. J. B. H. N. , Overkleeft H. S. , van der Stelt M. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractDiacylglycerol lipases (DAGL) are responsible for the biosynthesis of the endocannabinoid 2‐arachidonoylglycerol. The fluorescent activity‐based probes DH379 and HT‐01 have been previously shown to label DAGLs and to cross‐react with the serine hydrolase ABHD6. Here, we report the synthesis and characterization of two new quenched activity‐based probes 1 and 2, the design of which was based on the structures of DH379 and HT‐01, respectively. Probe 1 contains a BODIPY‐FL and a 2,4‐dinitroaniline moiety as a fluorophore–quencher pair, whereas probe 2 employs a Cy5‐fluorophore and a cAB40‐quencher. The fluorescence of both probes was quenched with relative quantum yields of 0.34 and 0.0081, respectively. The probes showed target inhibition as characterized in activity‐based protein profiling assays using human cell‐ and mouse brain lysates, but were unfortunately not active in living cells, presumably due to limited cell permeability.
Atom‐Economical Applications of Diaryliodonium Salts
Authors: Wang Ming , Chen Shihao , Jiang Xuefeng 
Published: June 2018

AbstractDiaryliodonium salt, as a stable and easily prepared reagent, has become one of the most efficient arylation reagents in organic synthesis. In traditional methods, this reagent is generally applied as a single arylation source and the regenerated aryl iodide is a waste of resources. In the past five years, transition‐metal‐catalyzed utilization of both aryl groups in diaryliodonium salts has been well demonstrated. The purpose of the present review is to focus on various atom‐economical applications of diaryliodonium salt methodologies that have been reported recently for the synthesis of functionalized molecules. The presentation is organized according to the structures of the diaryliodonium salts and the reaction components.
Luminescence and structural characterization on praseodymium (Pr3+) doped potassium bromide (KBr) single crystals
Authors: Subban Bangaru , Dhanraj Roobanguru 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe luminescence properties of praseodymium (Pr3+) ion in potassium bromide (KBr) host have been investigated. The excitation bands observed in the region 220–300 nm are attributed to the transitions from 4f level to the 5d crystal field splitting levels of Pr3+ ion. Emission bands originated due to transition of 3P2 →3H6 (564 nm), 3P0 →3H6 (604 nm), 1D2 →3P4 (721 nm) and 3P0 →3F2 (659 nm) have been observed. Optical absorption, photoluminescence (PL) and thermoluminescence (TL) studies confirms the trivalent state of Pr3+ ion in KBr host. Trap parameters for the TL glow curve have been calculated and the values are tabulated by using Chen's peak shape method. The lattice cell parameters of Pr3+ doped KBr single crystals are a = b = c = 6.596 Å, α = β = γ = 90°. From the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) micrograph analysis, the particle size ranges from a few micrometres to 5 μm. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectrum exhibits two resonance signals at magnetic fields of 2895 and 3106 gauss with g‐values of 2.32 and 2.16, respectively, calculated using Lande's formula.
Meta-analysis of in-hospital delay before surgery as a risk factor for complications in patients with acute appendicitis
Authors: van Dijk S T , van Dijk A H , Dijkgraaf M G , Boermeester M A 
Published: June 2018

AbstractBackgroundThe traditional fear that every case of acute appendicitis will eventually perforate has led to the generally accepted emergency appendicectomy with minimized delay. However, emergency and thereby sometimes night-time surgery is associated with several drawbacks, whereas the consequences of surgery after limited delay are unclear. This systematic review aimed to assess in-hospital delay before surgery as risk factor for complicated appendicitis and postoperative morbidity in patients with acute appendicitis.MethodsPubMed and EMBASE were searched from 1990 to 2016 for studies including patients who underwent appendicectomy for acute appendicitis, reported in two or more predefined time intervals. The primary outcome measure was complicated appendicitis after surgery (perforated or gangrenous appendicitis); other outcomes were postoperative surgical-site infection and morbidity. Adjusted odds ratios (ORs) were pooled using forest plots if possible. Unadjusted data were pooled using generalized linear mixed models.ResultsForty-five studies with 152 314 patients were included. Pooled adjusted ORs revealed no significantly higher risk for complicated appendicitis when appendicectomy was delayed for 7–12 or 13–24 h (OR 1·07, 95 per cent c.i. 0·98 to 1·17, and OR 1·09, 0·95 to 1·24, respectively). Meta-analysis of unadjusted data supported these findings by yielding no increased risk for complicated appendicitis or postoperative complications with a delay of 24–48 h.ConclusionThis meta-analysis demonstrates that delaying appendicectomy for presumed uncomplicated appendicitis for up to 24 h after admission does not appear to be a risk factor for complicated appendicitis, postoperative surgical-site infection or morbidity. Delaying appendicectomy for up to 24 h may be an acceptable alternative for patients with no preoperative signs of complicated appendicitis.
A case of prenatal chronic intestinal pseudo‐obstruction associated with Leigh syndrome
Authors: Itai Toshiyuki , Ishikawa Hiroshi , Kurosawa Kenji , Tsuyusaki Yu 
Published: June 2018

Key Clinical MessageChronic intestinal pseudo‐obstruction (CIPO) is a major sign of mitochondrial disorders. We present the first reported case of fetal bowel dilation associated with Leigh syndrome. The possibility of CIPO should be taken into consideration even when mild fetal bowel dilation is detected.