bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Oblique convergence and strain partitioning in the outer deformation front of NE Himalaya
Authors: Panda Dibyashakti , Kundu Bhaskar , Santosh M. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractHimalayan-Tibetan orogeny has considered as a natural black box in the context of geodynamic evolution and tectonic complexity. The eastward extrusion model of Tibetan crust contradicts with the oblique convergence model in the NE-Himalaya (Bhutan/Arunachal region), where the overall convergence rate accommodated in the Himalaya is about 20–25% less than that in the neighbouring central Himalaya and Eastern Himalayan syntaxis (EHS). We propose that instead of partitioning in the backarc, the NE-Himalaya has developed an active sliver along the Assam-Brahmaputra valley in the outer deformation front, in order to accommodate the deficiency in long-term plate convergence between Himalaya and southern Tibet. We argue that the strong eastward extrusion of Tibetan crust along NE-Himalaya is the main driving force for the unusual development of the Assam-Brahmaputra sliver. This new hypothesis can explain active convergence along EHS, low convergence and subdued topography in Bhutan and Arunachal Himalaya, kinematic and space-problem of Indo-Burmese wedge, and finally solves the contradiction between Tibetan extrusion and oblique convergence model of the HimalayanTibetan orogeny.
Effect of unloading brace treatment on pain and function in patients with symptomatic knee osteoarthritis: the ROTOR randomized clinical trial
Authors: Thoumie Philippe , Marty Marc , Avouac Bernard , Pallez Adeline , Vaumousse Arnaud , Pipet Linh Pham Thi , Monroche André , Graveleau Nicolas , Bonnin Armand , Amor Cyrine Ben , Coudeyre Emmanuel 
Published: July 2018

AbstractEvidence is still inconclusive for the benefits of bracing in patients with knee osteoarthritis. To assess the effect of REBEL RELIEVER unloading knee brace in conservative treatment of knee osteoarthritis, a randomized controlled trial was conducted in 67 patients with symptomatic medial knee osteoarthritis, who randomly received 6-week treatment with either REBEL RELIVER unloading knee brace + usual care (Brace group, N = 32) or usual care alone (Control group, N = 35). Primary outcome was the global last 24h-pain relief (100-mm visual analogic scale [VAS]) at 6 weeks. Secondary endpoints included pain on motion (100-mm VAS), function (Lequesne index), safety and observance. At 6 weeks, mean [SD] last 24h-pain decreased significantly more in Brace group versus Control group (−41.35 [3.37] vs −15.37 [3.23], difference −25.98, 95% CI −41.64 to −10.33, P < 0.0001). Higher mean [SD] pain on motion decrease (−51.91 [3.49] vs −19.91 [3.34], difference −32.01, 95% CI −48.21 to −15.80, P < 0.0001) and better improvement of Lequesne index score (−5.8 [0.5] vs −2.3 [0.5], difference −3.5, 95% CI −5.0 to −2.0, P < 0.0001) were observed in Brace group. Safety and observance to the brace were excellent. The additive clinical benefit of wearing REBEL RELIEVER unloading knee brace was demonstrated in knee osteoarthritis patients.
Investigating molecular interactions between oxidized neuroglobin and cytochrome c
Authors: Tiwari Purushottam B. , Chapagain Prem P. , Üren Aykut 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe formation of a complex between neuroglobin (Ngb) and cytochrome c (Cyt c) has an important biological role in preventing apoptosis. Binding of Ngb to Cyt c alone is sufficient to block the caspase 9 activation by ferric Cyt c that is released during ischemic insults. Therefore, a detailed information on the Ngb-Cyt c interactions is important for understanding apoptosis. However, the exact nature of the interactions between oxidized human neuroglobin (hNgb) and Cyt c is not well understood. In this work, we used a combination of computational modeling and surface plasmon resonance experiments to obtain and characterize the complex formation between oxidized hNgb and Cyt c. We identified important residues involved in the complex formation, including K72 in Cyt c, which is otherwise known to interact with the apoptotic protease-activation factor-1. Our computational results, together with an optimized structure of the hNgb-Cyt c complex, provide unique insights into how the hNgb-Cyt c complex can abate the apoptotic cascade without an hNgb-Cyt c redox reaction.
Myelin Measurement: Comparison Between Simultaneous Tissue Relaxometry, Magnetization Transfer Saturation Index, and T1w/T2w Ratio Methods
Authors: Hagiwara Akifumi , Hori Masaaki , Kamagata Koji , Warntjes Marcel , Matsuyoshi Daisuke , Nakazawa Misaki , Ueda Ryo , Andica Christina , Koshino Saori , Maekawa Tomoko , Irie Ryusuke , Takamura Tomohiro , Kumamaru Kanako Kunishima , Abe Osamu , Aoki Shigeki 
Published: July 2018

AbstractMagnetization transfer (MT) imaging has been widely used for estimating myelin content in the brain. Recently, two other approaches, namely simultaneous tissue relaxometry of R1 and R2 relaxation rates and proton density (SyMRI) and the ratio of T1-weighted to T2-weighted images (T1w/T2w ratio), were also proposed as methods for measuring myelin. SyMRI and MT imaging have been reported to correlate well with actual myelin by histology. However, for T1w/T2w ratio, such evidence is limited. In 20 healthy adults, we examined the correlation between these three methods, using MT saturation index (MTsat) for MT imaging. After calibration, white matter (WM) to gray matter (GM) contrast was the highest for SyMRI among these three metrics. Even though SyMRI and MTsat showed strong correlation in the WM (r = 0.72), only weak correlation was found between T1w/T2w and SyMRI (r = 0.45) or MTsat (r = 0.38) (correlation coefficients significantly different from each other, with p values < 0.001). In subcortical and cortical GM, these measurements showed moderate to strong correlations to each other (r = 0.54 to 0.78). In conclusion, the high correlation between SyMRI and MTsat indicates that both methods are similarly suited to measure myelin in the WM, whereas T1w/T2w ratio may be less optimal.
Distinct Brain Areas involved in Anger versus Punishment during Social Interactions
Authors: Klimecki Olga M. , Sander David , Vuilleumier Patrik 
Published: July 2018

AbstractAlthough anger and aggression can have wide-ranging consequences for social interactions, there is sparse knowledge as to which brain activations underlie the feelings of anger and the regulation of related punishment behaviors. To address these issues, we studied brain activity while participants played an economic interaction paradigm called Inequality Game (IG). The current study confirms that the IG elicits anger through the competitive behavior of an unfair (versus fair) other and promotes punishment behavior. Critically, when participants see the face of the unfair other, self-reported anger is parametrically related to activations in temporal areas and amygdala – regions typically associated with mentalizing and emotion processing, respectively. During anger provocation, activations in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, an area important for regulating emotions, predicted the inhibition of later punishment behavior. When participants subsequently engaged in behavioral decisions for the unfair versus fair other, increased activations were observed in regions involved in behavioral adjustment and social cognition, comprising posterior cingulate cortex, temporal cortex, and precuneus. These data point to a distinction of brain activations related to angry feelings and the control of subsequent behavioral choices. Furthermore, they show a contribution of prefrontal control mechanisms during anger provocation to the inhibition of later punishment.
Calibrating the Extended Hückel Method to Quantitatively Screen the Electronic Properties of Materials
Authors: Grabill Linda P. , Berger Robert F. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe extended Hückel (eH) tight-binding method has historically been prized for its computational ease and intuitive chemical clarity. However, its lack of quantitative predictiveness has prevented the eH method from being used as a tool for rapidly screening materials for desired electronic properties. In this work, we demonstrate that when eH input parameters are calibrated using density functional theory (DFT) calculations of carefully chosen sets of simple crystals, the eH parameters retain most of their quantitative accuracy when transferred to more complex, structurally related phases. Using solar-energy-relevant semiconductors and insulators in the Sr–Ti–O family as a case study, we show that calibrated eH parameters can match the features of DFT band structures within about two tenths of an eV, at a tiny fraction of the computational cost of DFT.
Genetic variation of SORBS1 gene is associated with glucose homeostasis and age at onset of diabetes: A SAPPHIRe Cohort Study
Authors: Chang Tien-Jyun , Wang Wen-Chang , Hsiung Chao A. , He Chih-Tsueng , Lin Ming-Wei , Sheu Wayne Huey-Herng , Chang Yi-Cheng , Quertermous Tom , Chen Yii-Der Ida , Rotter Jerome I. , Chuang Lee-Ming ,   The SAPPHIRe Study Group, Hwu Chii-Min , Hung Yi-Jen , Lee Wen-Jane , Lee I-Te 
Published: July 2018

AbstractTheSORBS1gene plays an important role in insulin signaling. We aimed to examine whether common single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) ofSORBS1are associated with prevalence and incidence of diabetes, age at onset of diabetes, and the related traits of glucose homeostasis. A total of 1135 siblings from 492 ethnic Chinese families were recruited at baseline, and 630 were followed up for 5.19 ± 0.96 years. Nine SNPs including rs7081076, rs2281939, rs3818540, rs2274490, rs61739184, rs726176, rs2296966, rs17849148, and rs3193970 were genotyped and examined. To deal with correlated data of subjects within the same families, the generalized estimating equations approach was applied throughout all association analyses. TheGGgenotype of rs2281939 was associated with a higher risk of diabetes at baseline, an earlier onset of diabetes, and higher steady-state plasma glucose levels in the modified insulin suppression test. The minor alleleTof rs2296966 was associated with higher prevalence and incidence of diabetes, an earlier onset of diabetes, and higher 2-h glucose during oral glucose tolerance test. These two SNPs revealed independent associations with age of diabetes onset as well as risk of diabetes at baseline. These findings supported thatSORBS1gene participates in the pathogenesis of diabetes.
Whole genome sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of strains of the agent of Lyme disease Borrelia burgdorferi from Canadian emergence zones
Authors: Tyler Shaun , Tyson Shari , Dibernardo Antonia , Drebot Michael , Feil Edward J. , Graham Morag , Knox Natalie C. , Lindsay L. Robbin , Margos Gabriele , Mechai Samir , Van Domselaar Gary , Thorpe Harry A. , Ogden Nick H. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractLyme disease is emerging in southern Canada due to range expansion of the tick vector, followed by invasion of the agent of Lyme disease Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto. Strain diversity, as determined by Multi Locus Sequence Typing, occurs in this zone of emergence, and this may have its origins in adaptation to ecological niches, and have phenotypic consequences for pathogenicity and serological test performance. Sixty-four unique strains were cultured from ticks collected in southern Canada and the genomes sequenced using the Illumina MiSeq platform. A maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree of the chromosome revealed two large clades with multiple subclades. Consistent with previous studies on this species, the clades were not geographically defined, and some Canadian strains were highly divergent from previously sequenced US strains. There was evidence for recombination in the chromosome but this did not affect the phylogeny. Analysis of chromosomal genes indicated that these are under intense purifying selection. Phylogenies of the accessory genome and chromosome were congruent. Therefore strain differences identified in the phylogeny of chromosomal genes likely act as a proxy for genetic determinants of phenotypic differences amongst strains that are harboured in the accessory genome. Further studies on health implications of strain diversity are needed.
Exposure to Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Leads to Non-monotonic Modulation of DNA and RNA (hydroxy)methylation in a Rat Model
Authors: Duca Radu-Corneliu , Grova Nathalie , Ghosh Manosij , Do Jean-Mikael , Hoet Peter H. M. , Vanoirbeek Jeroen A. J. , Appenzeller Brice M. R. , Godderis Lode 
Published: July 2018

AbstractBesides genetic modifications, rapidly growing evidence has linked environmental pollutants with epigenetic variations. To date, only a few studies have been performed on DNA methylation changes of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), which showed contradictory results. These discrepancies might be partially explained by differences in used agents. Generally in in vitro studies, a single compound is used, while in humans environmental studies, multi-residue exposure is investigated. The present study aimed to study epigenetic alterations induced by multi-residue exposure to PAH. Female Long Evans rats were exposed to a mixture of 16 US-EPA priority PAH, 3 times per week over a 90-day period. The livers were used to assess the (hydroxy)methylation status of genomic DNA/RNA, together with reduced and oxidized forms of glutathione. The results of this study demonstrate that a multi-residue exposure to PAH affects glutathione status, DNA (hydroxy)methylation, and RNA (hydroxy)methylation, together with DNA PAH-adducts formation. In addition, a non-monotonic response relationship was demonstrated between PAH concentration, the levels of glutathione and DNA (hydroxy)methylation levels at environmental relevant doses. This hormetic response gives a novel insight concerning the toxicity of environmental pollutants such as PAH and the biological response that may be different depending on the level of exposure.
Risk factors for breakthrough vitreous hemorrhage after intravitreal anti-VEGF injection in age-related macular degeneration with submacular hemorrhage
Authors: Shin Yong-Il , Sung Jae-Yun , Sagong Min , Lee Young-Hoon , Jo Young-Joon , Kim Jung-Yeul 
Published: July 2018

AbstractTo investigate the risk factors for breakthrough vitreous hemorrhage (VH) after intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) injection in age-related macular degeneration (AMD) accompanied by submacular hemorrhage (SMH). We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients diagnosed with AMD combined with SMH, and enrolled 31 patients. We formed an age- and sex-matched control group of patients with submacular hemorrhage who did not develop breakthrough VH after intravitreal injection during 6 month follow-up. The mean patient age was 70.8 ± 10.3 years in the breakthrough VH group. Of the 31 patients, 8 were diagnosed with choroidal neovascularization (CNV), 22 with polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV), and 1 with retinal angiomatous proliferation (RAP). PCV was associated with a significantly higher incidence of VH (odds ratio, 35.01; p = 0.001). The size of the SMH was 22.7 ± 12.4 disc areas (DAs) in the breakthrough VH group and 5.4 ± 6.9 DAs in the control group, and was thus significantly related to the development of VH (p < 0.001). The risk of VH was significantly higher in those taking anticoagulants (p = 0.014). There was no significant difference between the types of anti-VEGF agents. When taking anticoagulant medications, a SMH of large diameter, and PCV subtype were risk factors for breakthrough VH after anti-VEGF injection.
Mechanisms and Signaling Associated with LPDBD Plasma Mediated Growth Improvement in Wheat
Authors: Rahman Md. Mosiur , Sajib Salek Ahmed , Rahi Md. Sifat , Tahura Sharaban , Roy Nepal Chandra , Parvez Sarwar , Reza Md. Abu , Talukder Mamunur Rashid , Kabir Ahmad Humayan 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThis study investigates the effect and mechanisms of low pressure dielectric barrier discharge (LPDBD) produced with Ar/O2 and Ar/Air technique causing biological stimulation leading to improved germination and growth in wheat. Both plasma treatments caused rougher and chapped seed surface along with noticeable improvement in seed germination in wheat. Beside this, seed H2O2 concentration significantly increased compared to controls subjected to Ar/O2 and Ar/Air while this phenomenon was more pronounced due to Ar/Air plasma. Analysis of plants grown from the plasma treated seeds showed significant improvement in shoot characteristics, iron concentration, total soluble protein and sugar concentration in comparison with the controls more efficiently due to Ar/O2 plasma than that of Ar/Air. Further, none of the plasma treatments caused membrane damage or cell death in root and shoot of wheat. Interestingly, Ar/O2 treated plants showed a significant increase (2-fold) of H2O2 compared to controls in both root and shoot, while Ar/Air plasma caused no changes in H2O2. This phenomenon was supported by the biochemical and molecular evidence of SOD, APX and CAT in wheat plants. Plants derived from Ar/O2 treated seeds demonstrated a significant increase in SOD activity and TaSOD expression in roots of wheat, while APX and CAT activities along with TaCAT and TaAPX expression showed no significant changes. In contrast, Ar/Air plasma caused a significant increase only in APX activity in the shoot. This suggests that Ar/O2 plasma caused a slight induction in H2O2 accumulation without triggering the H2O2 scavengers (APX and CAT) and thus, efficiency affect growth and development in wheat plants. Further, grafting of control and Ar/O2 treated plants showed a significant increase in shoot biomass and H2O2 concentration in grafts having Ar/O2 rootstock regardless of the type scion attached to it. It indicates that signal driving Ar/O2 plasma mediated growth improvement in wheat is possibly originated in roots. Taken together, this paper delivers new insight into the mechanistic basis for growth improvement by LPDBD technique.
Senescent tumor cells building three-dimensional tumor clusters
Authors: Lee Hyun-Gyu , Kim June Hoan , Sun Woong , Chi Sung-Gil , Choi Wonshik , Lee Kyoung J. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractCellular senescence, a permanent cell-cycle arrest, is a common yet intriguing phenomenon, in which its beneficial significance for biological organisms has only begun to be explored. Among others, senescent cells are able to transform tissue structures around them. Tumor cells, whose hallmark is their ability to proliferate indefinitely, are not free from the phenomenon. Here, we report a remarkable observation where senescent cells in a dense mono-layer of breast cancer colony act as aggregating centers for non-senescent cells in their vicinity. Consequently, the senescent cells actively form localized 3D cell-clusters in a confluent 2D tumor layer. The biophysical mechanism underpinning the surprising phenomenon primarily involves mitotic cell-rounding, dynamic and differential cell attachments, and cellular chemotaxis. By incorporating these few biophysical factors, we were able to recapitulate the experimental observation via a cellular Potts Model.
Effects of Second Language Proficiency and Linguistic Uncertainty on Recognition of Speech in Native and Nonnative Competing Speech
Authors: Francis Alexander L. , Tigchelaar Laura J. , Zhang Rongrong , Zekveld Adriana A. 
Published: July 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of 2nd language proficiency and linguistic uncertainty on performance and listening effort in mixed language contexts.

Method
Thirteen native speakers of Dutch with varying degrees of fluency in English listened to and repeated sentences produced in both Dutch and English and presented in the presence of single-talker competing speech in both Dutch and English. Target and masker language combinations were presented in both blocked and mixed (unpredictable) conditions. In the blocked condition, in each block of trials the target–masker language combination remained constant, and the listeners were informed of both prior to beginning the block. In the mixed condition, target and masker language varied randomly from trial to trial. All listeners participated in all conditions. Performance was assessed in terms of speech reception thresholds, whereas listening effort was quantified in terms of pupil dilation.

Results
Performance (speech reception thresholds) and listening effort (pupil dilation) were both affected by 2nd language proficiency (English test score) and target and masker language: Performance was better in blocked as compared to mixed conditions, with Dutch as compared to English targets, and with English as compared to Dutch maskers. English proficiency was correlated with listening performance. Listeners also exhibited greater peak pupil dilation in mixed as compared to blocked conditions for trials with Dutch maskers, whereas pupil dilation during preparation for speaking was higher for English targets as compared to Dutch ones in almost all conditions.

Conclusions
Both listener's proficiency in a 2nd language and uncertainty about the target language on a given trial play a significant role in how bilingual listeners attend to speech in the presence of competing speech in different languages, but precise effects also depend on which language is serving as target and which as masker.
Short-Term Memory, Inhibition, and Attention in Developmental Stuttering: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Ofoe Levi C. , Anderson Julie D. , Ntourou Katerina 
Published: July 2018

Purpose
This study presents a meta-analytic review of differences in verbal short-term memory, inhibition, and attention between children who stutter (CWS) and children who do not stutter (CWNS).

Method

Electronic databases and reference sections of articles were searched for candidate studies that examined verbal short-term memory, inhibition, and attention using behavioral and/or parent report measures. Twenty-nine studies met the eligibility criteria, which included, among other things, children between the ages of 3 and 18 years and the availability of quantitative data for effect size calculations. Data were extracted, coded, and analyzed, with the magnitude of the difference between the 2 groups of children being estimated using Hedge's
g
(Hedges & Olkin, 1985).

Results

Based on the random-effects model (Hunter & Schmidt, 2004), findings revealed that CWS scored lower than CWNS on measures of nonword repetition (Hedges'
g
= −0.62), particularly at lengths of 2 and 3 syllables (Hedges'
g
= −0.62 and − 0.50, respectively), and forward span (Hedges'
g
= −0.40). Analyses further revealed that the parents of CWS rated their children as having weaker inhibition (Hedges'
g
= −0.44) and attentional focus/persistence (Hedges'
g
= −0.36) skills than the parents of CWNS, but there were no significant differences between CWS and CWNS in behavioral measures of inhibition and attention.

Conclusion
The present findings were taken to suggest that cognitive processes are important variables associated with developmental stuttering.
Wait…What??? Guiding Intervention Principles for Students With Verbal Working Memory Limitations
Authors: Singer Bonnie D. , Bashir Anthony S. 
Published: July 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this clinical focus article is to present 5 guiding principles for the development of interventions for children with limited verbal working memory abilities.

Method
Summarizing and synthesizing previously reported theories and empirical data, we present a framework intended to guide working memory interventions.

Results
Existing research and theory support a comprehensive, multidimensional treatment model that considers the knowledge and abilities of the student and the language-learning demands they face in the various contexts of a school day.

Conclusion
The clinical framework for which we are advocating is one that embodies the characteristics of complex interventions—those made up of many individual components that work synchronously in conjunction with each other.