bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Recent Progress in Biomedical Scaffold Fabricated via Electrospinning: Design, Fabrication and Tissue Engineering Application
Authors: Cheng Feng , Song Danyang , Li Hongbin , Ravi Sai Kishore , Tan Swee Ching 
Published: November 2024

AbstractElectrospinning is a significant manufacturing strategy to create micro/nanofiber platforms that can be considered a biomedical scaffold for tissue engineering repair and regeneration. In recent years researchers have continuously broadened the equipment design and materials development of electrospinning nanofiber platforms (ENPs), which have evolved from single‐needle to multi‐needle for creating 3D ENPs, to diversify their application including the drugs/cell/growth factors release, anti‐bacterial and anti‐inflammatory, hemostasis, wound healing, and tissue repair and regeneration. Herein, multifunctional ENPs scaffold with bioactive polymer fabricated via electrospinning in terms of novel material design, construction of various structures, and various requirements in different tissue engineering regeneration are reviewed. Furthermore, this review delves into recent advancements in tissue repair facilitated by ENPs, highlighting their effectiveness and versatility across various tissue types such as bone, cartilage, tendons, cardiac tissue, and nerves. The discussion comprehensively addresses ongoing challenges in material selection, biodegradation mechanisms, bioactivation strategies, and manufacturing techniques specific to tissue repair applications. Moreover, the review outlines potential future research avenues aimed at enhancing ENPs‐based approaches in tissue engineering. This in‐depth analysis aims to provide nuanced insights and technical recommendations to propel the field of ENPs forward in tissue repair and regeneration.
Biomimetic Nanomotors for Deep Ischemia Penetration and Ferroptosis Inhibition in Neuroprotective Therapy of Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Wang Rui , Nie Weimin , Yan Xin , Luo Kuankuan , Zhang Qi , Wang Tao , Lu Enhao , Chen Yiting , Luo Yu , Zhang Zhiwen , Wang He , Zhao Jing , Sha Xianyi 
Published: November 2024

AbstractNerve injury represents the primary reason of mortality and disability in ischemic stroke, but effective drug delivery to the region of cerebral ischemia and hypoxia poses a significant challenge in neuroprotective treatment. To address these clinical challenges, a biomimetic nanomotor, Pt@LF is designed, to facilitate deep delivery of neuroprotective agents and inhibit ferroptosis in ischemic stroke. Pt@LF traverses the blood‐brain barrier (BBB) and penetrates into deep cerebral ischemic‐hypoxic areas due to the active targeting capacity of apo‐lactoferrin (Apo‐LF) and the self‐propelling motion properties of nanomotors. Subsequently, Pt@LF loosens thrombus and alleviates the “no reflow” phenomenon via mechanical thrombolysis. Thanks to the various enzyme‐like abilities and multi‐target ferroptosis inhibition capability, Pt@LF ameliorates the inflammatory microenvironment and rescues dying neurons. In conclusion, Pt@LF demonstrates efficiently deep penetration and neuroprotective effects in vitro and vivo. And this study provides a promising therapeutic platform for the treatment of ischemic stroke.
Polymer‐Formulated Nerve Growth Factor Shows Effective Therapeutic Efficacy for Cerebral Microinfarcts
Authors: Yan Lingli , Xu Kunyao , Liu Chaoyong , Yu Feng , Guo Jimin , Hou Lihua , Feng Yicheng , Yang Mo , Gong Qihai , Qin Dajiang , Qin Meng , Wang Yilong , Su Huanxing , Lu Yunfeng 
Published: November 2024

AbstractCerebral microinfarcts represent the most prevalent form of ischemic brain injury in the elderly, particularly among those suffering from dementia, Alzheimer's disease, and vascular risk factors. Despite their commonality, effective treatments have remained elusive. Herein, a novel treatment utilizing a polymer‐formulated nerve growth factor capable of crossing the blood‐brain barrier is reported, which effectively reduced oxidative stress and neuronal apoptosis, reshaped microglia polarization at infarct sites, and decreased the overall microinfarct burden, leading to notable improvements in behavioral and cognitive functions in a mouse model. This work provides a promising new avenue for the treatment of cerebral microinfarcts and other neurodegenerative diseases.
Enhanced Bulk Photovoltaic Effect of Single‐Domain Freestanding BiFeO3 Membranes
Authors: Lin Jianjun , Wang Hongru , Zheng Yufan , Kan Yucheng , Chen Rui , Long Mingyue , Chen Ye , Zhou Zhiyong , Qi Ruijuan , Yue Fangyu , Duan Chun‐Gang , Chu Junhao , Sun Lin 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe bulk photovoltaic effect (BPVE), which uniquely exists in non‐centrosymmetric materials, has been received extensive attention recently due to its potential to overcome the theoretical Shockley‐Queisser limit in traditional p–n junction solar cells. Here, freestanding single‐domain BiFeO3 membranes are exfoliated from miscut SrTiO3 substrates by dissolving Sr3Al2O6 sacrificial layers, and transferred on SiO2/Si substrates. This study finds that the freestanding BiFeO3 membranes maintain the single‐domain structure and exhibits the significantly enhanced bulk photovoltaic response (≈200% enhancement), compared to the strained BiFeO3 films. The comprehensive atomic imaging analyses manifest that the freestanding BiFeO3 membrane demonstrates the bigger noncentral ion (Fe) displacement, which results in the larger in‐plane ferroelectric polarization and substantial increase in the BPVE photocurrent. This work not only provides an effective approach to enhance the BPVE of ferroelectric oxide films, but also can potentially promote the exploration of BPVE of oxide membranes integrated with silicon‐based or 2D electronics.
Highly Mixed Index Facet Engineering Induces Defect Formation and Converts the Wave‐Transmissive Mott Insulator NiO into Electromagnetic Wave Absorbent
Authors: Hui Shengchong , Chen Qiang , Tao Kai , Zhang Limin , Fan Xiaomeng , Che Renchao , Wu Hongjing 
Published: November 2024

AbstractMott insulator possesses the property of converting into semiconductor under supernormal conditions and achieving the Mott insulator‐semiconductor transition (IST) holds great scientific value. Nevertheless, current IST methodologies possess certain limitations because they are not capable of being implemented under conventional conditions, thereby limiting their practical applications. Herein, a highly mixed index facets (HMIF) strategy is proposed to construct homogeneous interfaces with gradient work function (WF) in Mott insulator NiO, accompanied by numerous oxygen vacancies. These vacancies provide additional defect energy levels and inhomogeneous charge distributions, resulting in a 180 fold enhancement of conductivity, realizing the IST process, and inducing the defect polarization. In addition, HMIF configuration induces electron transport along the index facets with gradient WF, ultimately leading to accumulation on the specific facet. This accumulation allows this facet can be considered as a dipole with its adjacent facets and makes NiO to attenuate electromagnetic waves (EMW) through dipole polarization. Therefore, NiO with exposed HMIF possesses improved EMW absorption properties (80‐fold higher than that of commercial NiO), realizing the transition from EMW‐transmissive to EMW‐absorbing materials. This research presents an approach for the IST process, discovers the polarization behavior that occurred on specific index facet, and extends its potential application in EMW absorption.
Preparation of an Organosilicon‐Modified Micro‐Nano Symbiotic Superhydrophobic Surface by a One‐Step Spray Method
Authors: Wang Wei , Sun Caixia , Zhang Hongxia , Fang Ranran , Guo Lijuan , Wang Gang 
Published: November 2024

AbstractSuperhydrophobic surfaces' long‐term applications and environmentally friendly manufacturing processes are long popular but challenging research topics. In this work, three functionalized silane coupling agents (SCAs) are developed that possess both surface activity and coupling properties and are perfectly tailored to the manufacturing conditions of superhydrophobic surfaces. The SCAs containing polyether groups are produced on the basis of hydrosilylation without the use of fluorosilane. They are also employed for the in situ synthesis of low surface energy nano‐SiO2 solutions, which are then sprayed onto the surfaces of various substrates to create stable and wear‐resistant protective layers. This demonstrates the Cassie–Baxter wetting model. The polyether groups' chain length, morphology, and degree of polymerization allow for the free adjustment of the layers' superhydrophobicity. Methyl blue, ink, and glycerinum have contact angles (CAs) of 153.01°, 152.09°, and 150.02°, and the sliding angles (SAs) are 2°, 2°, and 4°, respectively. Furthermore, in tests of durability and corrosion resistance, the CAs typically stay above 150°, demonstrating superior superhydrophobicity capabilities. The large‐scale replication of the fluorine‐free production process of the superhydrophobic layers discussed in this work is crucial for the expansion of practical applications.
High‐Performance Flexible and Printed Graphene‐Field Effect Biosensor for Ferritin Detection
Authors: Tripathy Kamalesh , Bhattacharjee Mitradip 
Published: November 2024

AbstractA flexible and printed field‐effect biosensor with a graphene channel (Gr‐FET biosensor) is designed and characterized to detect ferritin. The biosensor offers an onboard Ag/AgCl gate to give stable transfer characteristics with a significantly low gate leakage current of 0.06% of the minimum drain current. Further, the proposed Gr‐FET shows 1.5–3 times higher transconductance (gm) with a value of gm,hole up to 400 µS and gm,electron up to 250 µS, compared to the reported printed electrolyte‐gated Gr‐FET on flexible substrates. The Gr‐FET operation is also optimized to have a minimal hysteresis effect for reliable sensing operation. The Gr‐FET shows fairly linear characteristics at a low ferritin concentration (0.05–0.5 µg L−1) with sensitivity as high as ≈230 mV/(µg L−1) and a very low limit of detection (LOD) ≈27 ng L−1. Given the cost‐effective fabrication process and scalability, the proposed printed Gr‐FET biosensor can be deployed on a large scale for early diagnosis of iron deficiency anemia.
Machine Learning Guided Discovery of Non‐Linear Optical Materials
Authors: Mondal Sownyak , Hammad Raheel 
Published: November 2024

AbstractNonlinear optical(NLO) materials are crucial in achieving desired frequencies in solid‐state lasers. So far, new NLO materials have been discovered using high‐throughput calculations or chemical intuition. This study demonstrates the effectiveness of utilizing a high refractive index as a proxy for a high second harmonic generation(SHG) coefficient. It also emphasizes the importance of hardness in screening balanced NLO materials. Two machine learning models are developed to predict refractive indices and Vickers hardness. By applying these models to the OQMD database, potential NLO candidates are identified based on non‐centrosymmetricity, refractive index, hardness value, and bandgap properties. These findings are validated using density functional theory(DFT) calculations. Notably, this approach successfully identifies several already established NLO materials, reinforcing the validity of the methodology.
Thermally Stable Ag2Se Nanowire Network as an Effective In‐Materio Physical Reservoir Computing Device
Authors: Kotooka Takumi , Lilak Sam , Stieg Adam Z. , Gimzewski James K. , Sugiyama Naoyuki , Tanaka Yuichiro , Kawabata Takuya , Karacali Ahmet , Tamukoh Hakaru , Usami Yuki , Tanaka Hirofumi 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe artificial intelligence (AI) paradigm shifts from software to implementing general‐purpose or application‐specific hardware systems with lower power requirements. This study explored a material physical reservoir consisting of a material random network, called in‐materio physical reservoir computing (RC) to achieve efficient hardware systems. The device, made up of a random, highly interconnected network of nonlinear Ag2Se nanojunctions as reservoir nodes, demonstrated the requisite characteristics of an in‐materio physical reservoir, including but not limited to nonlinear switching, memory, and higher harmonic generation. The power consumption of the in‐materio physical reservoir is 0.07 nW per nanojunctions, confirming its highly efficient information processing system. As a hardware reservoir, the devices successfully performed waveform generation tasks. Finally, a voice classification by an in‐materio physical reservoir is achieved over 80%, comparable to an RC software simulation. In‐materio physical RC with rich nonlinear dynamics has huge potential for next‐generation hardware‐based AI.
Optimizing MoS2 Electrolyte‐Gated Transistors: Stability, Performance, and Sensitivity Enhancements
Authors: Rühl Steffen , Ligorio Giovanni , Heyl Max , List‐Kratochvil Emil J. W. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractElectrolyte‐gated field‐effect transistors (EGFETs) based on transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) are promising for biosensing applications due to their high transconductance (1.98 mS) and surface sensitivity enabling the detection of minute interfacial changes. However, their stability in aqueous poses significant challenges for long‐term reliability. This work presents a study to anhance both the stability and performance of TMDC‐based EGFETs. Initial devices showed promising performance but suffered significant instability during prolonged aqueos operation, limiting their biosensing applications. Postmortem analysis identified key areas for improvement leadinf to three major modifications: 1) a double‐junction Ag/AgCl electrode to prevent ion leakage, 2) a protective resist layer to shields the monolayer, and 3) precise etching to confine the semiconductor material, reducing parasitic currents. These optimizations imroved the devices' transconductance and ensured stable operation over extended periods establishing TMDC‐based EGFETs as viable candidates for reliable biosensing in aqueous environments.
Advanced pH Indicators Consisting of BODIPY and Coumarin Fluorophores with a Guanidinyl Structure Capable of Methanol Recognition
Authors: Umeno Tomohiro , Tanaka Mio , Fujihara Moeka , Iizuka Naoko , Matsumoto Shota , Usui Kazuteru , Karasawa Satoru 
Published: November 2024

AbstractGuanidine is strongly basic and has a high molecular recognition ability. We previously developed a guanidine‐bearing benzoquinoline for the fluorescence detection of MeOH by exploiting the strong basicity of guanidine. The benzoquinoline fluorophore quantitatively detected MeOH in EtOH with moderate sensitivity and a limit of detection (LOD) of 16.5 %. In this study, we developed two guanidinyl boron dipyrromethene (BODIPY) and two guanidinyl coumarin fluorophores. These fluorophores have higher molar extinction coefficients (ϵ) than those of benzoquinolines, which suggests that they could have improved detection sensitivity. The BODIPY fluorophores exhibited acid‐responsive turn‐on fluorescence for MeOH, similar to the benzoquinoline fluorophore. Their high ϵ values led to an enhanced MeOH detection sensitivity of 1.3 % in EtOH. The coumarin derivatives exhibited acid‐responsive turn‐off fluorescence. In addition, the absorbance spectral shift of the protonated and neutral forms of coumarin enabled the ratiometric detection of MeOH (LOD=0.85 % and 0.57 %, respectively). This study demonstrates the utility of guanidine‐based fluorophores in molecular recognition and promotes the development of similar fluorophores in analytical chemistry.
Establishment of immortalized rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and a preliminary study of their osteogenic differentiation capability
Authors: Zhang Yao , Xu Chang , Huang Yun , Tan Dongmei , Luo Wenping , Zhang Yan , Tan Yi 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundA stable and standardized source of mesenchymal stem cells is a prerequisite for bone repair tissue engineering research and application. We aimed to establish a stable cell line of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells from New Zealand rabbits and explore their osteogenic differentiation capacity.MethodsPrimary rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (RBMSCs) were isolated and immortalized via retroviral expression of SV40 Large T antigen (LTA). To assess the osteogenic differentiation capacity of the cells in vitro, we studied the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) expression level and calcium deposition in bone morphogenetic protein 9 (BMP9)‐induced immortalized cells using ALP staining and quantification, as well as alizarin red staining. Ectopic bone formation by the cells was assessed using micro‐computed tomography (μCT) and histological examination.ResultsThe immortalized cell line we established using SV40 LTA, which we termed iRBMSCs, was non‐tumorigenic and maintained long‐term proliferative activity. We further discovered that BMP9 (MOI = 30) effectively induced the osteogenic differentiation capacity of iRBMSCs in vitro, and there was a synergy with GelMA hydrogel in inducing osteogenic differentiation of the iRBMSCs in vivo.ConclusionWe confirmed that iRBMSCs are promising as a stable cell line source for bone defect repair engineering.
Precision Activity‐Based α‐Amylase Probes for Dissection and Annotation of Linear and Branched‐Chain Starch‐Degrading Enzymes
Authors: Pickles Isabelle B. , Chen Yurong , Moroz Olga , Brown Haley A. , de Boer Casper , Armstrong Zachary , McGregor Nicholas G. S. , Artola Marta , Codée Jeroen D. C. , Koropatkin Nicole M. , Overkleeft Herman S. , Davies Gideon J. 
Published: November 2024

Abstractα‐Amylases are the workhorse enzymes of starch degradation. They are central to human health, including as targets for anti‐diabetic compounds, but are also the key enzymes in the industrial processing of starch for biofuels, corn syrups, brewing and detergents. Dissection of the activity, specificity and stability of α‐amylases is crucial to understanding their biology and allowing their exploitation. Yet, functional characterization lags behind DNA sequencing and genomics; and new tools are required for rapid analysis of α‐amylase function. Here, we design, synthesize and apply new branched α‐amylase activity‐based probes. Using both α‐1,6 branched and unbranched α‐1,4 maltobiose activity‐based probes we were able to explore the stability and substrate specificity of both a panel of human gut microbial α‐amylases and a panel of industrially relevant α‐amylases. We also demonstrate how we can detect and annotate the substrate specificity of α‐amylases in the complex cell lysate of both a prominent gut microbe and a diverse compost sample by in‐gel fluorescence and mass spectrometry. A toolbox of starch‐active activity‐based probes will enable rapid functional dissection of α‐amylases. We envisage activity‐based probes contributing to better selection and engineering of enzymes for industrial application as well as fundamental analysis of enzymes in human health.
A Kinetic Scout Approach Accelerates Targeted Protein Degrader Development
Authors: Fan Angela T. , Gadbois Gillian E. , Huang Hai‐Tsang , Chaudhry Charu , Jiang Jiewei , Sigua Logan H. , Smith Emily R. , Wu Sitong , Poirier Grace J. , Dunne‐Dombrink Kara , Goyal Pavitra , Tao Andrew J. , Sellers William R. , Fischer Eric S. , Donovan Katherine A. , Ferguson Fleur M. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBifunctional molecules such as targeted protein degraders induce proximity to promote gain‐of‐function pharmacology. These powerful approaches have gained broad traction across academia and the pharmaceutical industry, leading to an intensive focus on strategies that can accelerate their identification and optimization. We and others have previously used chemical proteomics to map degradable target space, and these datasets have been used to develop and train multiparameter models to extend degradability predictions across the proteome. In this study, we now turn our attention to develop generalizable chemistry strategies to accelerate the development of new bifunctional degraders. We implement lysine‐targeted reversible‐covalent chemistry to rationally tune the binding kinetics at the protein‐of‐interest across a set of 25 targets. We define an unbiased workflow consisting of global proteomics analysis, IP/MS of ternary complexes and the E‐STUB assay, to mechanistically characterize the effects of ligand residence time on targeted protein degradation and formulate hypotheses about the rate‐limiting step of degradation for each target. Our key finding is that target residence time is a major determinant of degrader activity, and this can be rapidly and rationally tuned through the synthesis of a minimal number of analogues to accelerate early degrader discovery and optimization.
Autocatalytic Reaction Networks: A Pathway to Spatial Temporal Mastery in Dynamic Materials
Authors: Zhao Yingshuai , Li Bohan , Fu Xiaoming , Zhao Peng , Zhao Yuanfeng , Zhou Wei , Lu Yan , Zheng Yijun 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAutocatalytic reaction present a significant opportunity for the precise spatial and temporal control of dynamic materials, mimicking the characteristics of living matter within autonomous chemical systems. Herein, we have crafted an autocatalytic chemical reaction network (CRN) designed to be incorporated into a dynamic system, allowing for efficient control of both sol(I)‐gel and gel‐sol(II) transitions through autocatalytic fronts. The CRN incorporates two autocatalytic reactions. The first reaction promotes the formation of disulfide crosslinks while increasing the local pH through base product generation, catalyzing further disulfide bond formation and initiating a polymerization front that transforms the liquid phase into a gel. A subsequent, slower reaction triggered at the gel/air interface, resulted in the breakage of disulfide crosslinks, transforming the gel back into a liquid state through accelerating fronts. The dynamics of these autocatalytic fronts are accurately predicted by a reaction‐diffusion model, providing a theoretical framework for system preprogramming. Moreover, our results show that the reversible sol‐gel transition can be reliably repeated multiple times. This approach not only enhances our understanding of autocatalytic CRNs but also pioneers a new approach for developing dynamic materials with life‐like properties, significantly impacting material science and bioengineering.
The Effect of Electric Fields on Oxidization Processes at the Air‐Water Interface
Authors: Martins‐Costa Marilia T. C. , Ruiz‐López Manuel F. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAt the air–water interface, many reactions are accelerated, sometimes by several orders of magnitude. This phenomenon has proved to be particularly important in water microdroplets, where the spontaneous oxidation of many species stable in bulk has been experimentally demonstrated. Different theories have been proposed to explain this finding, but it is currently believed that the role of interfacial electric fields is key. In this work, we have carried out a quantum chemistry study aimed at shedding some light on this question. We have studied two prototypical processes in which a hydroxide anion transfers its excess electron to either the water environment or a dioxygen molecule. To model the interface, we use a cluster of 21 water molecules immersed in an electric field, and we examine the energetics of the studied reactions as a function of field magnitude. Our results reveal that electric fields close to those estimated for the neat air–water interface (∼0.15 V ⋅ Å−1) have a moderate effect on the reaction energetics and that much stronger fields (>1 V ⋅ Å−1) are required to get spontaneous electron transfer. Therefore, the study suggests that additional factors such as an excess charge in microdroplets need to be considered for explaining the experimental observations.