bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Application of probit method for the elastographic evaluation of venous obliterating material after sclerotherapy procedure
Authors: Paluch Łukasz , Nitek Żaneta , Sklinda Katarzyna , Noszczyk Bartłomiej , Walecki Jerzy 
Published: February 2019

PurposeStatus after sclerotherapy constitutes a good clinical model for venous thrombosis with known age. The aim of this study was to compare elastographic parameters of material obliterating the great saphenous vein at 7-21 days after polidocanol sclerotherapy.Material and methodsThe study included 60 patients subjected to sclerotherapy due to venous insufficiency (45 women and 15 men, mean age 51.2 ± 14.7 years, range 27-77 years). Elastographic parameters of obliterating material: total area of vessel cross-section (mm<sup>2</sup>), relative areas (%) covered by tissues with highest, intermediate, and lowest elasticity, were determined 7 ± 1, 14 ± 2, and 21 ± 2 days post-sclerotherapy, respectively. Mean time to partial and complete organisation of the obliterating material was estimated during probit regression analysis.ResultsThe relative area of vessel cross-section covered by tissues with the lowest elasticity underwent a statistically significant enlargement, either between the first and the second (Z = 6.725, p < 0.001) or between the second and the third control visit (Z = 6.717, p < 0.001). This corresponded to a change in the structure of the obliterating material from elastic during the first visit (in all patients) to mixed (fibro-elastic) or fibrous during the third visit (71.7% and 28.3% of patients, respectively). Mean time after which the obliterating material reached mixed and fibrous structure on elastographic images was estimated at 14.3 days and > 21 days, respectively.ConclusionsUltrasound elastography may accurately reflect the age of venous thrombosis in polidocanol sclerotherapy model. Mixed, fibro-elastic structure of a 14-day-old obliterating material visualised by elastography probably corresponds with chronic thrombus.
Radiological staging in neuroblastoma: computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging?
Authors: Sarioglu Fatma C. , Salman Muhammet , Guleryuz Handan , Ozer Erdener , Cecen Emre , Ince Dilek , Olgun Nur 
Published: February 2019

PurposeTo compare the effectiveness of computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the staging of neuroblastomas according to the International Neuroblastoma Risk Group Staging System (INRGSS).Material and methodsIn this single-centre retrospective study we identified a total of 20 patients under the age of
18 years, who were admitted to our hospital with neuroblastoma between January 2005 and May 2018, and who had both CT and MRI examination. The INRGSS stages of tumours were evaluated by CT scan and MRI. Then, stages of tumours were described according to the INRGSS for CT and MRI, separately. The Spearman rank correlation test was used for statistical analysis. The p-value < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant.ResultsThe median age was 11 months, and the age range was one month to nine years. In our results; both MRI and CT were significant in the determination of radiological staging of NBL, p < 0.001 and p = 0.002, respectively. MRI was superior to CT in radiological staging. MRI was also superior for the detection of intraspinal extension, involvement of multiple body compartments, metastatic disease, and bone marrow infiltration. CT was more useful to consider the relationship between tumours and vascular structures.ConclusionsMRI and CT have high diagnostic accuracy rates in the staging of pre-treatment neuroblastomas. MRI is important in pre-treatment evaluation of neuroblastomas because of the higher detection of metastases as well as the lack of ionising radiation.
A deceptive case of emphysematous cholecystitis complicated
with retroperitoneal gangrene and emphysematous pancreatitis: clinical and computed tomography features
Authors: Deręgowska-Cylke Małgorzata , Palczewski Piotr , Pacholczyk Marek , Jonas Maurycy , Cylke Radosław , Kosieradzki Maciej , Gołębiowski Marek 
Published: February 2019

PurposeEmphysematous cholecystitis (EC) is an uncommon, severe variant of acute cholecystitis caused by gas- forming bacteria – most often Clostridium perfringens and Escherichia coli. We present a deceptive case of EC associated with retroperitoneal gas gangrene and emphysematous pancreatitis.Case reportAn 86-year-old, overweight woman was admitted to the emergency department with non-specific abdominal symptoms. Admission laboratory tests showed elevated diastase levels indicating acute pancreatitis. Computed tomography (CT) demonstrated a substantial amount of gas in the retroperitoneum and peritoneal cavity, which raised a suspicion of duodenal perforation. Primary diagnosis was not confirmed during emergency laparotomy, which revealed a gangrenous gallbladder adjacent to the duodenum and surrounded by purulent fluid. The final diagnosis established after laparotomy and rereading of CT scans was that of emphysematous cholecystitis associated with gangrenous pancreatitis and retroperitoneal gangrene. After surgery, the patient was transferred to the intensive care unit in septic shock. Shortly after, the second laparotomy was undertaken on suspicion of internal bleeding. During surgery, the patient experienced cardiac arrest and died despite immediate resuscitation.ConclusionsEmphysematous cholecystitis may be associated with a spread of infection both to the peritoneal cavity and retroperitoneum and result in a substantial amount of gas in those anatomic compartments. The knowledge of this rare complication may be helpful in establishing a correct diagnosis.
A broadband cavity-enhanced spectrometer for atmospheric trace gas measurements and Rayleigh scattering cross sections in the cyan region (470–540 nm)
Authors: Jordan Nick , Ye Connie Z. , Ghosh Satyaki , Washenfelder Rebecca A. , Brown Steven S. , Osthoff Hans D. 
Published: February 2019

Abstract. An incoherent broadband cavity-enhanced absorption spectroscopy (IBBCEAS)
instrument for quantification of atmospheric trace gases that absorb in the
cyan region of the electromagnetic spectrum (470 to 540 nm), including
NO2 and I2, is described. The instrument uses a
light-emitting diode coupled to a 1 m optical cavity consisting of a pair of
mirrors in stable resonator configuration. Transmitted light is monitored
using a grating spectrometer and charge-coupled device array detector. The
average mirror reflectivity was determined from the N2∕He and
Ar∕He
ratios of scattering coefficients and was ∼99.98 % at its maximum,
yielding an effective optical path length of 6.3 km. Cross sections of
N2, O2, air, Ar, CO2, and CH4 scattering and
of O4 absorption were measured and agree with literature values within
the measurement uncertainty. Trace gas mixing ratios were retrieved using the
spectral fitting software DOASIS (DOAS intelligent system) from 480 to 535 nm. Under laboratory
conditions, the 60 s, 1σ measurement precisions were ±124 and
±44 pptv for NO2 and I2, respectively. The IBBCEAS
instrument sampled ambient air in Ucluelet, BC, Canada, in July 2015. IBBCEAS
retrievals agreed with independent measurements of NO2 by blue
diode laser cavity ring-down spectroscopy (r2=0.975), but ambient
I2 concentrations were below the detection limit.
Evaluating the simulated mean soil carbon transit times by Earth system models using observations
Authors: Wang Jing , Xia Jianyang , Zhou Xuhui , Huang Kun , Zhou Jian , Huang Yuanyuan , Jiang Lifen , Xu Xia , Liang Junyi , Wang Ying-Ping , Cheng Xiaoli , Luo Yiqi 
Published: February 2019

Abstract. One known bias in current Earth system models (ESMs) is the underestimation
of global mean soil carbon (C) transit time (τsoil), which quantifies
the age of the C atoms at the time they leave the soil. However, it remains
unclear where such underestimations are located globally. Here, we
constructed a global database of measured τsoil across 187 sites to
evaluate results from 12 ESMs. The observations showed that the
estimated τsoil was dramatically shorter from the soil incubation
studies in the laboratory environment (median = 4 years; interquartile
range = 1 to 25 years) than that derived from field in situ
measurements (31; 5 to 84 years) with shifts in stable isotopic C
(13C) or the stock-over-flux approach. In comparison with the
field observations, the multi-model ensemble simulated a shorter median (19 years) and
a smaller spatial variation (6 to 29 years) of τsoil
across the same site locations. We then found a significant and negative
linear correlation between the in situ measured τsoil and
mean annual air temperature. The underestimations of modeled τsoil
are mainly located in cold and dry biomes, especially tundra and desert.
Furthermore, we showed that one ESM (i.e., CESM) has improved its
τsoil estimate by incorporation of the soil vertical profile. These
findings indicate that the spatial variation of τsoil is a useful
benchmark for ESMs, and we recommend more observations and modeling efforts
on soil C dynamics in regions limited by temperature and moisture.
Molecular characterization and genetic diversity in some Egyptian wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) using microsatellite markers
Authors: El-Fiki Ayman , Adly Mohamed 
Published: February 2019

Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is the most important and strategic cereal crop in Egypt and has many bread wheat varieties. Seventeen Egyptian bread wheat varieties used in this study with a set of sixteen wheat microsatellite markers to examine their utility in detecting DNA polymorphism, estimating genetic diversity and identifying genotypes. A total of 190 alleles were detected at 16 loci using 16 microsatellite primer pairs. The number of allele per locus ranged from 8 to 20, with an average of 11.875. The polymorphic information content (PIC) and marker index (MI) average values were 0.8669, 0.8530 respectively. The (GA) n microsatellites were the highest polymorphic (20 alleles). The Jaccard's Coefficient for genetic similarity was ranged from 0.524 to 0.109 with average of 0.375. A dendrogram was prepared based on similarity matrix using UPGMA algorithm, divided the cultivars into two major clusters. The results proved the microsatellite markers utility in detecting polymorphism due to the discrimination of cultivars and estimating genetic diversity.
Bilingual Match to Biblical Flood
Authors: Du James Xianxing 
Published: February 2019

In this testimony, vowel next to two l letters is proposed as a novel affix that represents dissected offering at burnt altar. In turn, biblical etymology of flood is presented to be double hands in offering flock to worship, and the etymology of boat is both male and female in pair. All the words for ships are linguistically related to either Noah’s ark or worship. 牙 tooth is originated from two people in mating to match Noah’s covenant about food and multiplication after the flood. An affix for burning, c+vowel+n, is also verified. For the first time in human history, a large variety of words related to great flood, ark and Noah’s worship are presented to match bible in semantic origin, indicating divine creation of languages.
De invloed van ouders en vriendin op desistance from crime
Authors: Weijers Ido 
Published: February 2019

The influence of parents and girlfriend on desistance form crime
This article addresses the role of parents and girlfriends in the process of giving up crime. It presents findings from a longitudinal study of 81 young recidivists examined over 15 years. It concludes that parents played a pivotal role in this process, since the young men began to realize what misery they had caused them. However, these young men did not change their path in life because of their parents. We conclude even stronger than with the parents that it does not seem likely that a young recidivist would desist because of his girlfriend. Nevertheless, it would seem that both parents and a secure, lasting relationship could indeed have a positive influence in this process, particularly in the motivation to stick to a new path towards a more pro-social lifestyle once it has been set out on.
De bewijsregeling in het concept-Wetboek van Strafvordering
Authors: de Wilde B. 
Published: February 2019

De bewijsregeling in het concept-Wetboek van Strafvordering
In concept-Boek 4 van het nieuwe Wetboek van Strafvordering wordt een aangepaste bewijsregeling voorgesteld. Een aantal aspecten daarvan wordt in deze bijdrage besproken. Er wordt aandacht besteed aan de gebondenheid aan wettige bewijsmiddelen, het bewijscriterium, formele onmiddellijkheid, enkele specifieke bewijsmiddelen, bewijsminima, het recht getuigen te ondervragen, bewijsmotivering en het bewijs bij de schuldvaststelling in het kader van een strafbeschikking.
Berechting door de enkelvoudige kamer
Authors: Korthals Altes W.F. 
Published: February 2019

Berechting door de enkelvoudige kamer
De regeling van de berechting door de enkelvoudige kamer (politierechter en kantonrechter) wordt aanzienlijk vereenvoudigd door het opnemen van gemeenschappelijke regels, de verwijzing naar de algemene regels voor berechting en het schrappen van in onbruik geraakte procedures. Inhoudelijk en terminologisch blijft vrijwel alles bij het oude. De vraag is of deze aspecten niet ook moeten worden gemoderniseerd.
Culture, Actors, and Resources Surrounding Undergraduate Bioethics Education in Sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Bruce Elizabeth R. 
Published: February 2019

Scientisation is a growing trend as individuals worldwide harness scientific tools and knowledge to solve problems. This phenomenon is evident in biomedical research, which has increased across sub-Saharan Africa, and when encountering bioethical issues arising during the course of such research. This research synthesis considers how the constructs of culture, actors, and resources in the region shape undergraduate bioethics education. Using a lens of sociological neo-institutionalism, taken-for-granted bioethical scripts, like informed consent and medical confidentiality, are evident in this education; however, actual implementation demonstrates the way they are often adapted and contextualized with implications for students and instructors, and ultimately patients and research participants. The education considered is that for undergraduates in health sciences and medicine because they are prominent actors in research and clinical practice across the region. In considering insights from this literature, the aim is to positively impact health across sub-Saharan Africa. Le phénomène de scientifisation est de plus en plus répandu : partout dans le monde, les individus s’emparent des outils et connaissances scientifiques pour résoudre des problèmes. C’est particulièrement visible dans le domaine de la recherche biomédicale, qui se développe dans toute l’Afrique subsaharienne, et lorsqu’on considère les questions bioéthiques qui se posent au cours desdites recherches. La présente recherche explore la façon dont les concepts de culture, d’acteurs et de ressources dans la région influencent l’enseignement de la bioéthique durant le premier cycle universitaire. A travers le prisme d’un néo-institutionnalisme sociologique, on constate que les écrits fondateurs de la bioéthique, tels que le consentement éclairé et le secret médical, sont des composantes évidentes de cet enseignement. Cependant, leur mise en oeuvre sur le terrain révèle que ces principes sont souvent adaptés et contextualisés, ce qui a des conséquences pour les étudiants, les formateurs et à terme les patients et les personnes qui participent aux recherches. Cet article se concentre sur l’enseignement du premier cycle universitaire dans les domaines des sciences de la santé et de la médecine, qui sont des acteurs incontournables de la recherche et de la pratique clinique dans la région. En prenant en compte les apports de la littérature, l’objet de cette recherche est d’avoir un impact positif sur le secteur de la santé en Afrique subsaharienne.
Graduate Unemployment in Ethiopia: the ‘Red Flag’ and Its Implications
Authors: Reda Nigusse Weldemariam , Gebre-Eyesus Mulugeta Tsegai 
Published: February 2019

The Ethiopian higher education sector has experienced a remarkable expansion in the past two decades. However, the accompanying trend of growing graduate unemployment appears to have been overlooked. This article examines graduate unemployment in Ethiopia using secondary data extracted from surveys conducted by the country’s Central Statistics Agency. While these statistics indicate that overall unemployment has decreased in Ethiopia, the percentage of graduate unemployment relative to total unemployment has increased. Moreover, unemployment among female graduates as compared to unemployed females is rising. It is thus timely for Ethiopia to undertake higher education reform aimed at aligning the expansion of the sector with market demand. Le secteur de l’enseignement supérieur en Ethiopie connaît un développement remarquable depuis deux décennies. Cela va cependant de pair avec un phénomène croissant de chômage chez les étudiants diplômés qui semble avoir été largement négligé. Cet article étudie le chômage chez les étudiants diplômés en Ethiopie, à partir de données secondaires qui proviennent d’enquêtes réalisées par l’Agence Centrale de Statistique (Central Statistics Agency) d’Ethiopie. Ces statistiques indiquent que, bien que le taux de chômage en Ethiopie ait baissé de façon globale, le pourcentage d’étudiants diplômés au chômage par rapport au nombre total de chômeurs a augmenté. De plus, le chômage chez les femmes diplômées connaît une augmentation par rapport au chômage chez les femmes de façon générale.
Flowkulturs betydning for sygeplejerskers brug af evidensbaseret viden
Authors: Kirk Jeanette Wassar , Nilsen Per 
Published: February 2019

DANSK ABSTRAKTBaggrund: Inden for implementeringsforskningen ses en stigende anerkendelse af relevansen af den organisatoriske kontekst og kulturen, som faktorer der påvirker implementeringen af evidensbaseret viden og herunder en evidensbaseret sygepleje.Formål: Gennem et kulturhistorisk aktivitetsteoretisk perspektiv i (Cultural Historical Activity Theory), var formålet med studiet, at undersøge hvordan organisationskulturen i en akutmodtagelse i Danmark havde indflydelse på sygeplejerskernes prioriteringer med hensyn til brugen af evidensbaseret viden, herunder brugen af screeninger og retningslinjer.Metoder: Studiet blev udført som et etnografisk studie baseret på feltarbejde og semi-strukturerede interviews. Førsteforfatter fulgte de sundhedsprofessionelle igennem en periode på tre måneder i en akutmodtagelse på et af Region Hovedstadens hospitaler. Efterfølgende blev afholdt 14 semi-strukturerede interviews. Unde feltstudiet blev 34 forskellige sundhedsprofessionelle fulgt, repræsenteret ved læger, sygeplejersker og lægesekretærer. Resultater: På baggrund af en kulturanalyse blev begrebet flow kultur udviklet. En flow kultur forstås som et system af kollektive handlinger, som de sundhedsprofessionelle udfører i akutmodtagelsen. Disse handlinger er prioriterede i forhold til at indfri nogle samfundsmæssige og institutionelle krav og behov om at sikre ledige senge, så der kan opretholdes et konstant flow af patienter igennem afdelingen. De handlinger de sundhedsprofessionelle udfører, skaber et netværk af relationer og forbindelser, som bliver styrende for, hvordan de erfarne sundhedsprofessionelle handler, men også styrende for implementeringen af screeninger og retningslinjer. ENGELSK ABSTRACTBackground: Within the field of implementation science there is an increasing recognition of the relevance of organizational context and culture, i.e. influences beyond the individual level, for successful implementation of evidence-based nursing practices.Aim: Applying the Cultural Historical Activity Theory (CHAT), the aim of this study was to explore how the organizational culture in an emergency department in Denmark influenced the nurses’ priorities with regard to the use of research.Methods: The study was designed as an ethnographic inquiry based on fieldwork and semi-structured interviews. The first author followed nurses, medical secretaries and doctors over three months in the emergency department. Data were collected by means of semi-structured interviews. Results: Based on an activity system analysis, the concept of flow culture emerged. This culture is defined as a cultural–historical activity system, mediated by artefacts, in which the objective of the nursing staff is primarily to free up beds, thus ensuring a flow of patients.Conclusion: A flow culture leads to a strong focus on securing vacant beds which impeded the nurses’ use of research in the everyday clinical practice.
“The Pentateuch that the Samaritans Chose”
Authors: Hjelm Ingrid 
Published: February 2019

“The Pentateuch that the Samaritans Chose”, is the heading of Chapter Seven in Magnar Kartveit’s The Origin of the Samaritans (2009). The heading is highly problematic in regard to both the origin of the Samaritans and the production of biblical texts and books in ancient Palestine. Kartveit’s assumption that the Samaritans “chose one text-type in particular among the different texts available” rests on several old paradigms about Samaritan origins and religion, which badly fit recent evidence from archaeology and epigraphy. A continuous and independent Yahvistic cult in Israel, from at least the Iron Age, a temple on Mt Gerizim from early in the Persian period, and a highly developed temple city on Mt Gerizim in the Hellenistic period, do notsustain paradigms about Samaritans as an “aberrant” branch of Judaism or the Samaritan Pentateuch as an off-shoot of a Jewish pre-Samaritan or proto-Masoretic Pentateuch.
Kolofon
Authors: Kann-Rasmussen Nanna 
Published: February 2019

Kolofon4. årgang, nr. 3, udgivet december 2015 ISSN 2245-2931 ISSN (online) 2245-294X © Forfatterne og Det Informationsvidenskabelige Akademi. Det er tilladt at kopiere frit til privat brug med tydelig kildeangivelse. Kopiering i større omfang til undervisningsbrug o.l. kan kun ske efter indhentning af forfatternes og IVA’s tilladelse eller i henhold til kopieringsaftale med Copy-Dan.Redaktion: Nanna Kann-Rasmussen (ansvh.) Trine Schreiber Redaktører af dette nummer: Nanna Kann-Rasmussen Trine SchreiberLayout: Bruno Kjær Illustrationer til dette nummer: Jesper Olsen
Anmeldelse: De skjulte algoritmer: Teknoantropologiske perspektiver
Authors: Thellefsen Martin 
Published: February 2019

Anmeldelse: De skjulte algoritmer: Teknoantropologiske perspektiver, af Klavs Birkholm og Niels Frølich (red.), Djøf Forlag (2018), 272 sider.
POZOS Y MAFIOSOS. LA INACABADA TRANSICIÓN DEL MERCADO DEL AGUA A LA GESTIÓN COLECTIVA EN EL PALERMO DEL SIGLO XX
Authors: D'Amaro Francesco 
Published: February 2019

La creación de los consorcios de riego, en la primera posguerra, revolucionó los equilibrios sociales e hidráulicos de las regiones citrícolas de Palermo (Italia). En este artículo, a través de fuentes primarias, se analizan las relaciones conflictivas entre los agricultores usuarios, los nuevos y controvertidos organismos de gestión colectiva, los propietarios de pozos, acusados de dominar el mercado de las aguas, y los distribuidores, enjuiciados por pertenecer a la mafia en los años fascistas.