bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Regional Scale‐Invariant Extreme Value Model of Rainfall Intensity‐Duration‐Area‐Frequency Relationships
Authors: Mélèse Victor , Blanchet Juliette , Creutin Jean‐Dominique 
Published: June 2019

AbstractWe propose in this article a regional study of intensity‐duration‐area‐frequency (IDAF) relationships of annual rainfall maxima in southern France. For this we develop a regional extreme value IDAF model based on space‐time scale invariance hypotheses. The model allows us to link the statistical distributions of rainfall maxima over any duration and area. It provides in particular an analytical expression of the areal reduction factor, which expresses how the statistical distribution of rainfall maxima changes as the area increases, for any fixed duration. It also provides an analytical expression of areal return level for the continuum of area and duration. The model is applied to radar reanalysis data covering a 13,000‐km2 region of southern France featuring contrasted rainfall regimes (2008–2015). We estimate the IDAF relationships centered on any radar pixel of the region in the range 3–48 hr and 1–2,025 km2. We obtain in particular a spatial distribution of the areal reduction factor, which allows us to distinguish different rainfall regimes in the region. The overall IDAF model provides also a regional quantification of areal rainfall risk by allowing the computation of rainfall return level maps for any area and duration in the applicable range. Despite inevitable sampling issues due to the shortness of the data sample, we highlight important differences in the spatial distribution of areal rainfall risk depending on the area and duration, illustrating that a comprehensive storm risk evaluation should consider the continuum of area and duration rather than arbitrarily predefined ones.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Caveolin-1 promotes invasion and metastasis by upregulating Pofut1 expression in mouse hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Zhang Cheng , Huang Huang , Zhang Junshi , Wu Qiong , Chen Xixi , Huang Tianmiao , Li Wenli , Liu Yubo , Zhang Jianing 
Published: June 2019

AbstractCaveolin-1 (Cav-1) is an important structural protein of caveolae and plays an oncogene-like role by influencing protein glycosylation in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells. However, the mechanism by which Cav-1 promotes invasion and metastasis capacity has not been completely clarified. In this study, we demonstrate that Pofut1 is a fucosyltransferase induced by Cav-1. Mouse Hepa1-6 HCC cells lacking Cav-1 expression exhibited low transcription levels of Pofut1, whereas strong Pofut1 expression was found in high-metastasis-potential Hca-F cells with high levels of Cav-1. Cav-1 activated MAPK signaling and promoted phosphorylation of the transcription factors CREB, Sp1, HNF4A and c-Myc, which bound to the Pofut1 promoter region to induce its transcription. As Notch signaling receptors can be modified with O-fucose by Pofut1, we further showed that Cav-1-induced upregulation of Pofut1 expression activated the Notch pathway and thus enhanced invasion and metastasis by mouse HCC cells in vitro and in vivo. Collectively, our findings reveal a novel mechanism by which Cav-1 promotes tumor metastasis by upregulating expression of Pofut1, suggesting that Cav-1 may function as a new biomarker for HCC.
miR-665 expression predicts poor survival and promotes tumor metastasis by targeting NR4A3 in breast cancer
Authors: Zhao Xin-Ge , Hu Jing-Ye , Tang Jun , Yi Wei , Zhang Mei-Yin , Deng Rong , Mai Shi-Juan , Weng Nuo-Qing , Wang Rui-Qi , Liu Ji , Zhang Hui-Zhong , He Jie-Hua , Wang Hui-Yun 
Published: June 2019

AbstractCancer metastasis is the main cause of death in breast cancer (BC) patients. Therefore, prediction and treatment of metastasis is critical for enhancing the survival of BC patients. In this study, we aimed to identify biomarkers that can predict metastasis of BC and elucidate the underlying mechanism of the functional involvement of such markers in metastasis. miRNA expression profile was analyzed using a custom microarray system in 422 BC tissues. The relationship between the upregulated miR-665, metastasis and survival of BC was analyzed and verified in another set of 161 BC samples. The biological function of miR-665 in BC carcinogenesis was explored with in vitro and in vivo methods. The target gene of miR-665 and its signaling cascade were also analyzed. There are 399 differentially expressed miRNAs between BC and noncancerous tissues, of which miR-665 is the most upregulated miRNA in the BC tissues compared with non-tumor breast tissues (P < 0.001). The expression of miR-665 predicts metastasis and poor survival in 422 BC patients, which is verified in another 161 BC patients and 2323 BC cases from online databases. Ectopic miR-665 expression promotes epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), proliferation, migration and invasion of BC cells, and increases tumor growth and metastasis of BC in mice. Bioinformatics, luciferase assay and other methods showed that nuclear receptor subfamily 4 group A member 3 (NR4A3) is a target of miR-665 in BC. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that miR-665 promotes EMT, invasion and metastasis of BC via inhibiting NR4A3 to activate MAPK/ERK kinase (MEK) signaling pathway. Our study demonstrates that miR-665 upregulation is associated with metastasis and poor survival in BC patients, and mechanistically, miR-665 enhances progression of BC via NR4A3/MEK signaling pathway. This study provides a new potential prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for BC patients.
TLR9 is essential for HMGB1-mediated post-myocardial infarction tissue repair through affecting apoptosis, cardiac healing, and angiogenesis
Authors: Liu Fang-Yuan , Fan Di , Yang Zheng , Tang Nan , Guo Zhen , Ma Shu-Qing , Ma Zhen-Guo , Wu Hai-Ming , Deng Wei , Tang Qi-Zhu 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe poor prognosis of patients with acute myocardial infarction is partially attributed to a large number of cardiomyocyte apoptosis, necrosis, limited cardiac healing and angiogenesis, and cardiac dysfunction. Immune cells dysfunction leads to nonhealing or poor healing of wounds after acute myocardial infarction. Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) as an essential part of the innate immune system plays a vital role in regulating cardiomyocyte survival and wound healing. During hypoxia, High Mobility Group Box 1 (HMGB1), as the typical damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) or alarmin, is rapidly released extracellularly and translocates from the nucleus to bind with cytoplasmic TLR9. However, the mechanism by which TLR9 interacts with HMGB1 and regulates myocardial damage remains unclear. Our current study found that the survival rate of TLR9KO mice with a higher rate of cardiac rupture was significantly lower than that in WT mice after 28 days post-operation. The effect of TLR9 knockout on insufficient wound healing in experimental MI was caused by a diminished number of myofibroblast and defective matrix synthetic capability. Moreover, the increased myocardial apoptotic cells and decreased angiogenic capacity were found in TLR9 knockout mice after MI. The results showed contrary in Recombinant Human High Mobility Group Box 1 (rhHMGB1) treated WT mice and similarity after applying rhHMGB1 in TLR9KO mice. This study demonstrates that TLR9 is essential for the repair of infarcted myocardium and interaction of HMGB1 and TLR9 is involved in the survival of myocardial cells, wound healing, and angiogenesis after myocardial infarction.
BRCA2 deficiency is a potential driver for human primary ovarian insufficiency
Authors: Miao Yilong , Wang Pan , Xie Bingteng , Yang Mo , Li Sen , Cui Zhaokang , Fan Yong , Li Mo , Xiong Bo 
Published: June 2019

AbstractReproductive problem has been one of the top issues for women health worldwide in recent decades. As a typical female disease, primary ovarian insufficiency (POI) results in a loss of ovarian follicles and oocytes that thus destroys women fertility. However, due to the complex of POI etiology and rare resource of human POI oocytes, few biomarkers have been identified in clinics and no effective strategy could be applied to treat POI patients. In the search of possible association between DNA damage and POI by Smart-Seq2 and RT2profiler PCR array, we find thatBRCA2, a core DNA repair gene for homologous recombination shows significantly lower expression in two POI patient oocytes. In line with this, we generated oocyte-specific knockout mouse model driven byGdf9-Cre. TheBrca2-deficient mice are infertile because of the arrested follicle development and defective oocyte quality caused by the accumulation of DNA damage. Notably, ectopic expression of Brca2 inBrca2-deficient oocytes could partially restore the oocyte maturation and chromosome stability. Collectively, our data assign a definite deficiency toBRCA2as a POI driver during follicle development and oocyte maturation, and provide a potential fertility treatment strategy for POI patients induced byBRCA2deficiency.
Design and application of α-ketothioesters as 1,2-dicarbonyl-forming reagents
Authors: Wang Ming , Dai Zhihong , Jiang Xuefeng 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe 1,2-dicarbonyl motif is vital to biomolecules, especially natural products and pharmaceuticals. Conventionally, 1,2-dicarbonyl compounds are prepared via an α-keto acyl chloride. Based on the methods used in nature, a transition-metal-free approach for the synthesis of an α-ketothioester reagent via the combination of an α-hydroxyl ketone, elemental sulfur and a benzyl halide is reported. Mechanistic studies demonstrate that the trisulfur radical anion and the α-carbon radical of the α-hydroxy ketone are involved in this transformation. The dicarbonylation of a broad range of amines and amino acids, and importantly, cross couplings with aryl borates to construct dicarbonyl-carbon bonds are realized under mild conditions by employing this stable and convenient α-ketothioester as a 1,2-dicarbonyl reagent. The dicarbonyl-containing drug indibulin and the natural product polyandrocarpamide C, which possess multiple heteroatoms and active hydrogen functional groups, can be efficiently prepared using the designed 1,2-dicarbonyl reagent.
Single-defect spectroscopy in the shortwave infrared
Authors: Wu Xiaojian , Kim Mijin , Qu Haoran , Wang YuHuang 
Published: June 2019

AbstractChemical defects that fluoresce in the shortwave infrared open exciting opportunities in deep-penetration bioimaging, chemically specific sensing, and quantum technologies. However, the atomic size of defects and the high noise of infrared detectors have posed significant challenges to the studies of these unique emitters. Here we demonstrate high throughput single-defect spectroscopy in the shortwave infrared capable of quantitatively and spectrally resolving chemical defects at the single defect level. By cooling an InGaAs detector array down to −190 °C and implementing a nondestructive readout scheme, we are able to capture low light fluorescent events in the shortwave infrared with a signal-to-noise ratio improved by more than three orders-of-magnitude. As a demonstration, we show it is possible to resolve individual chemical defects in carbon nanotube semiconductors, simultaneously collecting a full spectrum for each defect within the entire field of view at the single defect limit.
Bilateral international migration flow estimates for 200 countries
Authors: Abel Guy J. , Cohen Joel E. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractData on stocks and flows of international migration are necessary to understand migrant patterns and trends and to monitor and evaluate migration-relevant international development agendas. Many countries do not publish data on bilateral migration flows. At least six methods have been proposed recently to estimate bilateral migration flows between all origin-destination country pairs based on migrant stock data published by the World Bank and United Nations. We apply each of these methods to the latest available stock data to provide six estimates of five-year bilateral migration flows between 1990 and 2015. To assess the resulting estimates, we correlate estimates of six migration measures from each method with equivalent reported data where possible. Such systematic efforts at validation have largely been neglected thus far. We show that the correlation between the reported data and the estimates varies widely among different migration measures, over space, and over time. We find that the two methods using a closed demographic accounting approach perform consistently better than the four other estimation approaches.
Multiplex RNA single molecule FISH of inducible mRNAs in single yeast cells
Authors: Li Guoliang , Neuert Gregor 
Published: June 2019

AbstractTranscript levels powerfully influence cell behavior and phenotype and are carefully regulated at several steps. Recently developed single cell approaches such as RNA single molecule fluorescence in-situ hybridization (smFISH) have produced advances in our understanding of how these steps work within the cell. In comparison to single-cell sequencing, smFISH provides more accurate quantification of RNA levels. Additionally, transcript subcellular localization is directly visualized, enabling the analysis of transcription (initiation and elongation), RNA export and degradation. As part of our efforts to investigate how this type of analysis can generate improved models of gene expression, we used smFISH to quantify the kinetic expression of STL1 and CTT1 mRNAs in single Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells upon 0.2 and 0.4 M NaCl osmotic stress. In this Data Descriptor, we outline our procedure along with our data in the form of raw images and processed mRNA counts. We discuss how these data can be used to develop single cell modelling approaches, to study fundamental processes in transcription regulation and develop single cell image processing approaches.
Early human settlement of Sahul was not an accident
Authors: Bird Michael I. , Condie Scott A. , O’Connor Sue , O’Grady Damien , Reepmeyer Christian , Ulm Sean , Zega Mojca , Saltré Frédérik , Bradshaw Corey J. A. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe first peopling of Sahul (Australia, New Guinea and the Aru Islands joined at lower sea levels) by anatomically modern humans required multiple maritime crossings through Wallacea, with at least one approaching 100 km. Whether these crossings were accidental or intentional is unknown. Using coastal-viewshed analysis and ocean drift modelling combined with population projections, we show that the probability of randomly reaching Sahul by any route is <5% until ≥40 adults are ‘washed off’ an island at least once every 20 years. We then demonstrate that choosing a time of departure and making minimal headway (0.5 knots) toward a destination greatly increases the likelihood of arrival. While drift modelling demonstrates the existence of ‘bottleneck’ crossings on all routes, arrival via New Guinea is more likely than via northwestern Australia. We conclude that anatomically modern humans had the capacity to plan and make open-sea voyages lasting several days by at least 50,000 years ago.
Oxylipins in triglyceride-rich lipoproteins of dyslipidemic subjects promote endothelial inflammation following a high fat meal
Authors: Rajamani Anita , Borkowski Kamil , Akre Samir , Fernandez Andrea , Newman John W. , Simon Scott I. , Passerini Anthony G. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractElevated triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TGRL) in circulation is a risk factor for atherosclerosis. TGRL from subjects consuming a high saturated fat test meal elicited a variable inflammatory response in TNFα-stimulated endothelial cells (EC) that correlated strongly with the polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) content. This study investigates how the relative abundance of oxygenated metabolites of PUFA, oxylipins, is altered in TGRL postprandially, and how these changes promote endothelial inflammation. Human aortic EC were stimulated with TNFα and treated with TGRL, isolated from subjects’ plasma at fasting and 3.5 hrs postprandial to a test meal high in saturated fat. Endothelial VCAM-1 surface expression stimulated by TNFα provided a readout for atherogenic inflammation. Concentrations of esterified and non-esterified fatty acids and oxylipins in TGRL were quantified by mass spectrometry. Dyslipidemic subjects produced TGRL that increased endothelial VCAM-1 expression by ≥35%, and exhibited impaired fasting lipogenesis activity and a shift in soluble epoxide hydrolase and lipoxygenase activity. Pro-atherogenic TGRL were enriched in eicosapentaenoic acid metabolites and depleted in esterified C18-PUFA-derived diols. Abundance of these metabolites was strongly predictive of VCAM-1 expression. We conclude the altered metabolism in dyslipidemic subjects produces TGRL with a unique oxylipin signature that promotes a pro-atherogenic endothelial phenotype.
Upconverting SrF2 nanoparticles doped with Yb3+/Ho3+, Yb3+/Er3+ and Yb3+/Tm3+ ions – optimisation of synthesis method, structural, spectroscopic and cytotoxicity studies
Authors: Przybylska Dominika , Ekner-Grzyb Anna , Grześkowiak Bartosz F. , Grzyb Tomasz 
Published: June 2019

AbstractFor a number of years nanomaterials have been continuously devised and comprehensively investigated because of the growing demand for them and their multifarious applications, especially in medicine. This paper reports on the properties of SrF2 nanoparticles (NPs) for applications in biomedicine, showing effective ways of their synthesis and luminescence under near infrared radiation - upconversion. NPs doped with lanthanide, Ln3+ ions (where Ln = Yb, Ho, Er, Tm) were prepared by the hydrothermal method and subjected to comprehensive studies, from determination of their structure and morphology, revealing small, 15 nm structures, through spectroscopic properties, to cytotoxicity in vitro. The effects of such factors as the reaction time, type and amount of precipitating compounds and complexing agents on the properties of products were characterized. The cytotoxicity of the synthesized and functionalized NPs was investigated, using human fibroblast cell line (MSU-1.1). The synthesized structures may decrease cells’ proliferation in a dose-dependent manner in the measured concentration range (up to 100 µg/mL). However, the cells remain alive according to the fluorescent assay. Moreover, the treated cells were imaged using confocal laser scanning microscopy. Cellular uptake was confirmed by the presence of upconversion luminescence in the cells.
Adipose Tissue Mast Cells Promote Human Adipose Beiging in Response to Cold
Authors: Finlin Brian S. , Confides Amy L. , Zhu Beibei , Boulanger Mary C. , Memetimin Hasiyet , Taylor Kyle W. , Johnson Zachary R. , Westgate Philip M. , Dupont-Versteegden Esther E. , Kern Philip A. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractIn a recent study, repeated cold application induced beiging in subcutaneous white adipose tissue (SC WAT) of humans independent of body mass index. To identify factors that promote or inhibit beiging, we performed multiplex analysis of gene expression with the Nanostring nCounter system (the probe set contained genes for specific immune cell markers, cytokines, and chemokines) on the SC WAT from lean subjects. Multiple correlations analysis identified mast cell tryptase and CCL26, a chemokine for mast cells, as genes whose change correlated positively with the change in UCP1 in SC WAT, leading to the hypothesis that mast cells promote SC WAT beiging in response to cold. We quantified mast cell recruitment into SC WAT and degranulation. Mast cells increased in number in SC WAT in lean subjects, and there was an increase in the number of degranulated mast cells in both lean subjects and subjects with obesity. We determined that norepinephrine stimulated mast cell degranulation and histamine release in vitro. In conclusion, cold stimulated adipose tissue mast cell recruitment in lean subjects and mast cell degranulation in SC WAT of all research participants independent of baseline body mass index, suggesting that mast cells promote adipose beiging through the release of histamine or other products.
Real-time magnetic resonance imaging – guided coronary intervention in a porcine model
Authors: Heidt Timo , Reiss Simon , Krafft Axel J. , Özen Ali Caglar , Lottner Thomas , Hehrlein Christoph , Galmbacher Roland , Kayser Gian , Hilgendorf Ingo , Stachon Peter , Wolf Dennis , Zirlik Andreas , Düring Klaus , Zehender Manfred , Meckel Stephan , von Elverfeldt Dominik , Bode Christoph , Bock Michael , von zur Mühlen Constantin 
Published: June 2019

AbstractX-ray fluoroscopy is the gold standard for coronary diagnostics and intervention. Magnetic resonance imaging is a radiation-free alternative to x-ray with excellent soft tissue contrast in arbitrary slice orientation. Here, we assessed real-time MRI-guided coronary interventions from femoral access using newly designed MRI technologies. Six Goettingen minipigs were used to investigate coronary intervention using real-time MRI. Catheters were custom-designed and equipped with an active receive tip-coil to improve visibility and navigation capabilities. Using modified standard clinical 5 F catheters, intubation of the left coronary ostium was successful in all animals. For the purpose of MR-guided coronary interventions, a custom-designed 8 F catheter was used. In spite of the large catheter size, and therefore limited steerability, intubation of the left coronary ostium was successful in 3 of 6 animals within seconds. Thereafter, real-time guided implantation of a non-metallic vascular scaffold into coronary arteries was possible. This study demonstrates that real-time MRI-guided coronary catheterization and intervention via femoral access is possible without the use of any contrast agents or radiation, including placement of non-metallic vascular scaffolds into coronary arteries. Further development, especially in catheter and guidewire technology, will be required to drive forward routine MR-guided coronary interventions as an alternative to x-ray fluoroscopy.
Short exposure to cold atmospheric plasma induces senescence in human skin fibroblasts and adipose mesenchymal stromal cells
Authors: Bourdens Marion , Jeanson Yannick , Taurand Marion , Juin Noémie , Carrière Audrey , Clément Franck , Casteilla Louis , Bulteau Anne-Laure , Planat-Bénard Valérie 
Published: June 2019

AbstractCold Atmospheric Plasma (CAP) is a novel promising tool developed in several biomedical applications such as cutaneous wound healing or skin cancer. Nevertheless, in vitro studies are lacking regarding to CAP effects on cellular actors involved in healthy skin healing and regarding to the mechanism of action. In this study, we investigated the effect of a 3 minutes exposure to CAP-Helium on human dermal fibroblasts and Adipose-derived Stromal Cells (ASC) obtained from the same tissue sample. We observed that CAP treatment did not induce cell death but lead to proliferation arrest with an increase in p53/p21 and DNA damages. Interestingly we showed that CAP treated dermal fibroblasts and ASC developed a senescence phenotype with p16 expression, characteristic morphological changes, Senescence-Associated β-galactosidase expression and the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines defined as the Senescence-Associated Secretory Phenotype (SASP). Moreover this senescence phenotype is associated with a glycolytic switch and an increase in mitochondria content. Despite this senescence phenotype, cells kept in vitro functional properties like differentiation potential and immunomodulatory effects. To conclude, we demonstrated that two main skin cellular actors are resistant to cell death but develop a senescence phenotype while maintaining some functional characteristics after 3 minutes of CAP-Helium treatment in vitro.