bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Drip Irrigation System for Water Productivity and Yield of Rice
Authors: Parthasarathi Theivasigamani , Vanitha Koothan , Mohandass Sendass , Vered Eli 
Published: September 2018

Core Ideas
Drip irrigation improved the aerobic rice yield and water savings by 29 and 50%, respectively.
The subsurface drip laid out at 0.8 m lateral distance with 1.0 L per hour dripper discharge irrigation system performed better in rice growth, physiology, and yield.
Drip irrigation favored the root oxidizing power, canopy photosynthesis, and dry matter partitioning.
There is a twofold increase in water productivity of aerobic rice under drip irrigation system.
The use of drip irrigation in upland rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivation is a contemporary water‐saving strategy. However, inadequate evidence is available related to consequential changes in water productivity on rice yield. The effects of distinctive drip irrigation treatments, namely differences in lateral distances (0.6, 0.8, and 1.0 m), dripper discharge rates (0.6 and 1.0 L per hour, Lph), irrigation methods (surface and subsurface), and the conventional aerobic rice production system (control) on, physiology and water productivity of rice were studied during the summer of 2012 and 2013. Grain yield significantly increased in the subsurface drip irrigation method laid out at 0.8 m lateral distance and in 1.0 Lph discharge rate (5389 kg ha−1) compared with control irrigation method (4181 kg ha−1). This treatment mounts up dry matter partitioning, leaf photosynthesis as well as root oxidizing power. In addition, drip irrigation in aerobic rice production system had twice the water productivity and stimulates longer roots with higher density compared with control irrigation method. The subsurface drip irrigation system with drippers/laterals of 0.8‐m distance with flow rate 1.0 Lph, in aerobic rice production system is a cost‐effective method and had the potential to save water (27.0%) without compromising grain yield in comparison to control irrigation method. This could be the promising technology to be recommended for aerobic rice production system.
Nitrous Oxide Emissions from Annual and Perennial Biofuel Cropping Systems
Authors: McGowan Andrew R. , Roozeboom Kraig L. , Rice Charles W. 
Published: September 2018

Core Ideas
A majority (40–80%) of N2O was emitted in the first 10 wk of the growing season.
No consistent significant differences were found in N2O emissions among crops.
Most N2O was emitted during large events of short duration after substantial rainfall.
Burning of fossil fuels in the transportation sector accounts for 28% of US greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Substitution of cellulosic biofuel in place of conventional gasoline or diesel could reduce GHG emissions from transportation; however, the effectiveness of cellulosic biofuel in reducing emissions depends on emissions during the growth of biofuel crops. The objectives of this study were (i) to measure N2O emissions of potential cellulosic biofuel cropping systems, and (ii) to characterize the temporal variations in N2O emissions in these cropping systems. Annual N2O emissions were measured in corn (Zea mays L.)–soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] and photoperiod‐sensitive sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench]–soybean rotations as well as in switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) and miscanthus (Miscanthus sacchariflorus) from 2011–2013 in Manhattan, KS, using static chambers. No consistent significant differences were found in N2O emissions among crop species, though miscanthus tended to have the least emissions. Most N2O was emitted during large events of short duration (1–3 d) that occurred after substantial rainfall events with high soil NO3−. In 2011 and 2012, most N2O was emitted during the growing season. In 2013, 30–50% of the N2O emissions were emitted after September which was attributed to freeze–thaw cycles.
Dryland Corn Production and Water Use Affected by Tillage and Crop Management Intensity
Authors: Lenssen Andrew W. , Sainju Upendra. M. , Allen Brett L. , Jabro Jalal D. , Stevens William B. 
Published: September 2018

Management practices for dryland corn production and water use are lacking.
Tillage and weed management effect on corn yield and water use were conducted.
Seed number and grain yield were greater with no‐tillage than conventional tillage.
Grain yield was also greater with reduced seeding rate and stubble height.
No‐till with reduced seeding rate and stubble height can enhance dryland corn yield.

Management strategies to enhance dryland corn (Zea mays L.) production and soil water use are lacking. We evaluated the effect of tillage and crop management intensity on the growth, yield, and water use of dryland corn from 2005 to 2010 in the northern Great Plains. Tillage systems (no‐tillage, NT, and conventional tillage, CT) as main‐plot and crop management to corn (traditional intensity: conventional seeding rates and reduced wheat, Triticum aestivum L., stubble height; and improved intensity: increased seeding rate for 3 out of 6 yr and wheat stubble height) as split‐plot treatments were arranged in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Corn plant stand was greater for CT than NT in 3 out of 6 yr and greater for the improved than the traditional intensity in 3 out of 3 yr. Seed number and grain yield were greater for NT than CT in 4 out of 6 yr. Biomass was greater for NT than CT in 1 out of 6 yr and greater for NT than CT in the traditional intensity. Corn plant height, seed weight, and harvest index as well as preplant and postharvest soil water, water use, and water‐use efficiency were not influenced by treatments, but varied with years. Corn yield increased for NT compared with CT during years with below‐average precipitation due to increased seed number and by reducing seeding rate and wheat stubble height. No‐tillage with reduced seeding rate and wheat stubble height can enhance dryland corn production without affecting soil water.
Ecohydrologic Changes Caused by Hydrologic Disconnection of Ephemeral Stream Channels in Mojave National Preserve, California
Authors: Perkins Kim S. , Miller David M. , Sandquist Darren R. , Macias Miguel , Roach Aimee 
Published: September 2018

Core Ideas
Emplacement of infrastructure has modified ecohydrology in the Mojave Desert.
Channels with no upslope water sources have altered infiltration properties.
Microbial and vegetation assemblages have evolved with hydrologic changes.
Deeper rooting plants are more abundant where streams can flow ephemerally.
Emplacement of highways and railroads has altered natural hydrologic systems by influencing surface‐water flow paths and biotic communities in Mojave National Preserve. Infiltration experiments were conducted along active and abandoned channels to evaluate changes in hydrology and related effects on plant water availability and use. Simulated rainfall infiltration experiments with vegetation monitoring were conducted along an active channel upslope and a comparable abandoned channel downslope of the transportation corridor. We also conducted 90 single‐ring, ponded infiltration experiments in adjacent channels to evaluate field‐saturated hydraulic conductivity and particle size distributions. The abandoned channels are still morphologically evident but are disconnected from runoff sources at higher elevations. Infiltration test results show that water infiltrates twice as fast in the active channels. Excavation showed weak soil development with fewer plant roots beneath the abandoned channel. Scanning electron microscopy of surface samples showed the presence of cyanobacteria only in abandoned channels. Plants up to 3 m away from both channels showed physiological responses to channel water applied in a simulated pulse of rain. The response was short lived and less pronounced for plants adjacent to the abandoned channel, whereas those adjacent to the active channel showed responses up to 2 mo after the pulse. These responses may explain observed lower plant densities and fewer deep‐rooted species along abandoned channels compared with active channels. We infer that the deeper rooting plants are more abundant where they are able to take advantage of the increased soil‐water storage resulting from greater infiltration and flow frequency in active stream channels.
Prevention of venous thromboembolic complications in obstetrics and gynecology
Authors: Shen N. P. 
Published: September 2018

Venous thromboembolic complications (VTEC) manifested as pulmonary embolism (PE) or deep vein thrombosis (DVT) are a serious and potentially fatal disease. Treatment and prevention of VTEO in obstetric practice is complicated by the need to take into account the condition of the fetus, as well as maternal risk factors in making tactical decisions. Despite the fact that the absolute VTEC indices in this population are small, obstetric-associated VTEC are an important cause of maternal morbidity and mortality. This problem is even more important in gynaecology. Based on the evidence-based medicine data and the author’s practical experience, the article presents clinical recommendations on the prevention and treatment of VTEC related to obstetric and gynaecological practices based on existing guidelines and expert opinions.
Spasmolytic therapy for primary dysmenorrhea
Authors: Kulagina N. V. 
Published: September 2018

Purpose of the study. Perform a brief review of the published works devoted to the evaluation of the effectiveness and safety of drotaverine hydrochloride in the treatment of abdominal cramping caused by primary dysmenorrhea, and an analysis of the use of obtained data in the clinical obstetrician-gynecologist practice.Materials and methods. The authors performed PubMed searches to find foreign and domestic articles using the keywords “dysmenorrhea”, “spasmolytic therapy”, “drotaverine”, “spasm”, “pain”. The analysis of the clinical studies showed the effectiveness of spasmolytic therapy of primary dysmenorrhea with drotaverin hydrochloride.Conclusion. Drotaverine hydrochloride can be recommended as an effective and safe first-choice drug to treat primary dysmenorrhea.
The use of folates for the prevention of fetal growth restriction during pregnancy
Authors: Kan N. E. , Khachatryan Z. V. , Tyutyunnik V. L. , Lomova N. A. , Donnikov A. E. 
Published: September 2018

Purpose of the study: Rational for the use of folates for the prevention of fetal growth restriction on the basis of the identification of a MTHFR polymorphism.Material and methods: 200 patients (case-control) were enrolled in the study. The (main) group I included 100 patients with fetal growth restriction (FGR), the (control) group II included 100 conditionally healthy patients. The features of the anamnesis, the initial clinical characteristics, the course of pregnancy, childbirth and the postpartum period in patients with placental insufficiency were studied in detail, and the features of the early neonatal period were analysed comprehensively. At the second stage, the polymorphism of the MMP2, MMP3, MMP9, and MTHFR genes was studied and their dependence with the development of the FGR was established. Statistical processing of the results was carried out on a personal computer using the SPSS Statistics 17.0 for Windows software package.Results:The clinical risk factors for the development of FGR include: chronic pyelonephritis, medium degree myopia, varicose veins, threat of abortion, ultrasound-detected subchorionic hemorrhage in the I trimester of gestation, anemia. Along with clinical risk factors for ZRP, the carriage of MTGFR (677 C> T) polymorphism is also considered, which justifies its identification in patients at risk.Conclusion: The data obtained make it possible to use the identification of MTHFR polymorphism as a predictor of placental abnormalities during pregnancy and to start taking folic acid supplements at the preconception stage in good time. Femibion 1 vitaminmineral complex has proved to be an effective product that is suitable for women in the period of preparation for pregnancy and in the first trimester of gestation, reducing the risk of fetal malformations and endothelial dysfunction caused by a violation of folic acid metabolism.
Iron deficiency anaemia in pregnancy and its correction
Authors: Vavina O. V. , Puchko T. K. , Umralieva M. A. 
Published: September 2018

The frequency of anaemia in pregnant women varies from 15 to 30%, iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) is the most common disorder, it accounts for about 90% of all anaemia. Iron deficiency adversely affects the course of pregnancy, childbirth, the postpartum period, the condition of the fetus and the newborn. The main complications of pregnancy in IDA are threatened miscarriage (20–42%); preeclampsia (40%); premature separation of placenta (25–35%); intrauterine growth restriction (25%); premature birth (11–42%).Daily intake of iron-containing drugs is more effective in preventing anaemia in mothers, and in reducing the risk of giving birth to children with low body weight. Daily iron supplementation in preventive programs may reduce the risk of anaemia in the mother at the time of delivery by 70%. It is preferable to take supplements that contain bivalent iron and possess a high degree of absorption, good tolerance by patients and minimal risk of side effects. Complex supplements containing vitamins and microelements are recommended for the treatment and prevention of IDA in pregnant women. Sorbifer Durules is one of such supplements. The Sorbifer Durules therapy of IDA in pregnant is highly effective treatment of therapy, which leads to normalization of hemogram parameters, improvement of the general condition of patients, reduction of obstetric and neonatal complications.
Use of fluconazole in women of reproductive age with vulvovaginal candidiasis
Authors: Mezhevitinova E. A. , Abakarova P. R. , Pogosyan Sh. M. 
Published: September 2018

Topicality: vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is a common disease caused by the infectious damage of the vulva and vagina by yeast-like fungi from Candida genus. According to the literature, a VVC episode occurs in 75% of women, and 5-8% of them get a recurring course of the disease. Frequent recurrences of the disease may result in the psychosexual disorder and reduce the women’s quality of life and recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) therapy is still a very difficult task.Purpose of the study: evaluate the efficacy of fluconazole (150 mg) in acute and recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis.Materials and methods:A total of 89 women of reproductive age with acute and recurrent HCV were enrolled in the study, which were subdivided into 2 groups: the first group included women with acute vulvovaginal candidiasis (AVVC) (n = 51), and the second group - women with recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis (RVVC) (n = 38). The Group I (AVVC) received fluconazole 150 mg once. Depending on the prescribed therapy, the second group (RVVC) was subdivided into two subgroups: patients in the IIa subgroup received fluconazole 150 mg intravenously, three times, at intervals of 2 days, and women in the IIb subgroup received fluconazole 150 mg for a period of 6 months in addition to the three-fold intake of fluconazole weekly. The follow-up period was 6 months after the end of therapy, during which the frequency of VVC recurrence and the effectiveness of the therapy was evaluated.Results of the study: our data showed that all patients with acute VVC had a discontinuation of symptoms of the disease and a normalization of laboratory parameters after treatment with fluconazole, and after the anti-relapse therapy course the incidence of VVC recurrences was significantly lower compared to the period before anti-relapse therapy (p = 0.038). It was shown that all the investigated strains of C. albicans (100%) were sensitive to fluconazole, and resistance was detected only in 1 strain of C. glabrata and 1 strain of C. krusei.
AKSARAY KENTİNİN PM10 VE SO2 KONSANTRASYONLARININ ZAMANSAL DEĞİŞİMİ: KOŞULLU İKİ DEĞİŞKENLİ OLASILIK FONKSİYONU VE K-MEANS KÜMELEME
Authors: KOÇAK Ebru 
Published: September 2018

Bu çalışmada Aksaray İli’nin PM10 ve SO2 verileri değerlendirilmiştir. Bu kirletici kaynaklarının etki çerçevelerini belirlemek için Çevre ve Şehircilik Bakanlığı tarafından izlemesi yapılan PM10 ve SO2 verileri kullanılmıştır. Aksaray iline ait verilerle birlikte sınır iller olan Konya, Ankara, Nevşehir ve Niğde illerine ait veriler ile de karşılaştırma çalışılması yapılmıştır. Sonuç olarak kıyaslama yapılan tüm iller için PM10 verilerinin yönetmeliklerde belirtilen 50 µgm-3’den yüksek kaydedildiği sonucuna varılmıştır. PM10 değerlerinin yaz aylarında daha yüksek kaydedildiği, kış aylarında ise ortalama değerlerde düşüş olduğu görülmüştür. SO2 değerlerinde de kış aylarında evsel ısınmadan dolayı artış kaydedilirken yaz aylarında konsantrasyonunda bir düşüş saptanmıştır.150 µgm-3 ve üstü PM10 emisyonlarının 6 ms-1’den yüksek rüzgâr hızı ile istasyonun doğusunda yer alan Ankara-Adana yolu ve şehir merkezinden geldiği sonucuna varılmıştır. SO2 emisyonları için de 2 ms-1 ve daha düşük rüzgâr hızı ile 9 µgm-3 ve üstü bir taşınımın sanayi bölgesinden kaynaklandığı belirlenmiştir. PM10 için 5 kümeli sonuç (1 ve 2 - şehrin arka plan emisyonu, 3-trafik emisyonu, 4- şehir merkezi emisyonu ve 5 - sanayi emisyonu) ve SO2 için de 4 küme sayısı (1 - şehrin arka plan emisyonu, 2 - sanayi bölgesi emisyonu, 3 - şehir merkezi emisyonu, 4 - şehir merkezi ve arka plan emisyonları) belirlenmiştir.
Modelos para programación y optimización de agua de riego en avena forrajera
Authors: Servin Palestina Miguel , Sánchez Gutierez Ricardo Alonso , Ramírez Valle Orlando , Galindo Reyes Manuel Antonio , Gutiérrez Bañuelos Héctor 
Published: September 2018

La avena como forraje es un cultivo de riego importante para la industria pecuaria en zonas áridas y semiáridas. Sin embargo, hay poca información sobre la relación del rendimiento de materia seca con la evapotranspiración real del cultivo o demanda hídrica, por lo que el objetivo del estudio fue generar modelos para describir el rendimiento de forraje y la productividad del agua al variar el aporte de agua de riego. Al aplicar 610.13 mm se logró el máximo (P<0.05) rendimiento (12.78 t ha-1) y la máxima (P<0.05) eficiencia del uso del agua (2.36 kg de forraje m-3) fue al aplicar 463.64 mm y con rendimiento de 11.22 t ha-1, cosechando a grano lechoso-masoso (155 días después de la siembra o 1,291.5 grados días de desarrollo). El modelo cúbico ajustó mejor las características del cultivo y los efectos promedios de la evaporación del suelo (Kc) en función de los grados días de desarrollo. Con dichos modelos y la evapotranspiración potencial, es posible representar la demanda hídrica diaria del cultivo con un modelo matemático y concluir, que la demanda máxima es de 7.15 mm dia-1 y la demanda óptima sin poner en riesgo el rendimiento es de 5.8 mm dia-1. Estos modelos constituyen una herramienta útil para optimizar la producción de forraje con avena de riego con base en la aplicación oportuna y cantidad adecuada de agua de riego.
Faktor Determinan Penyakit Jantung Koroner pada Kelompok Umur 25-65 tahun di Kota Bogor, Data Kohor 2011-2012
Authors: Pradono Julianty , Werdhasari Asri 
Published: September 2018

AbstractCoronary Heart Disease (CHD) is a disease with the highest prevalence among Non Communicablediseases (NCD). The factors related to CHD can be controlled and therefore the occurrence of CHD canbe prevented. The aim of this study is to identify the determinants of CHD among selected residents inthe Central Bogor village, Indonesia. The data were from the baseline of 2011-2012 NCD cohort study,with a total sample of 4,786 respondents. Multivariate analysis was done to determine the risk factorsof CHD. The prevalence of CHD is 20.9 ± 0.41% . Risk factors that are related to CHD are: stroke 3.5times (95% CI: 2.0-5.9); hypertension 1.6 times (95% CI: 1.3¬1.9); followed by IFG 1.5 times (95% CI:1.1-1.9); emotional disorders 1.4 times (95% CI: 1.2-1.7); LDL 1.3 times (95% CI: 1.0-1.6); diabetesmellitus 1.2 times (95% CI: 0.8-1.6); obesity based on BMI 1.2 times (95% CI: 1.0-1.5. The proportion ofCHD in female 1.9 times more than males, stroke, hypertension and hyperglycemia are the determinantsof CHD. It is recommended to increase promotion in an effort to reduce consumption of sugar, salt, andother major risk factors to prevent NCDs, especially CHD.Key words: Coronary Heart Disease, risk factor, Bogor

AbstrakPenyakit Jantung Koroner (PJK) merupakan penyakit dengan prevalensi tertinggi di antara PenyakitTidak Menular (PTM) pada populasi. Faktor yang berhubungan dengan PJK seharusnya dapat dikontrolsehingga terjadinya PJK dapat dicegah. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengidentifikasi faktor penentu yangberhubungan dengan PJK pada penduduk di Kecamatan Bogor Tengah, Kota Bogor, padatahun 2011-2012. Metode: Data penelitian merupakan data dasar studi kohor PTM 2011-2012, dengan jumlahsampel 4786 responden. Analisis multivariat dilakukan untuk mendapatkan faktor yang berhubungandengan PJK. Hasil: Proporsi PJK adalah 20,9 ± 0,41% pada umur 25-65 tahun. Faktor risiko yangberhubungan dengan PJK adalah: stroke 3,5 kali (95% CI: 2,0-5,9); hipertensi 1,6 kali (95% CI: 1,3-1,9); diikuti kadar gula puasa >100 mg% 1,5 kali (95% CI: 1,1-1,9); gangguan mental emosional 1,4 kali(95% CI: 1,2¬1,7); LDL 1,3 kali (95% CI: 1,0-1,6); diabetes melitus 1,2 kali (95% CI: 0,8-1,6); obesitasberdasarkan IMT 1,2 kali (95% CI: 1,0-1,5). Proporsi PJK pada perempuan 1,9 kali lebih banyak darilaki-laki dan meningkat dengan bertambahnya umur, stroke, hipertensi, dan hiperglikemia merupakanfaktor determinan terjadinya PJK. Dilakukannya peningkatan promosi dalam upaya mengurangi asupangula, garam, kalori, dan faktor risiko utama untuk mencegah terjadinya penyakit tidak menular khususnyaPJK.Kata kunci: penyakit jantung koroner, faktor risiko, Kota Bogor
The Use of Personal Computers and Internet Networks by Professionally Active People with Disabilities Living in Rural Areas
Authors: Kuźmicki Marek , Żbikowski Jarosław , Siedlecka Agnieszka 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Subject and purpose of work: The aim of the article is to determine the level of accessibility of personal computers and the Internet and their use for distance work by professionally active persons with disabilities living in rural areas throughout Poland. Materials and methods: Surveys were carried out during the period from June 30, 2010, to May 31, 2011, on a sample of 5,000 persons with disabilities, 1359 of whom, during the last 30 days of the survey, were gainfully employed - they were professionally active. The area of research included randomly selected rural and urban rural communes in sixteen provinces. Results: Personal computers and the Internet are most often used by the group of young people with disabilities and those who conduct their business activities in communes. Personal computers and the Internet are most often used by disabled persons with physical, sensory and complex disorders. Conclusions: It is necessary to intensify organisational, technical and legal activities and efforts that will contribute to a fuller and wider use of computers, the Internet and other assistive technology by people with disabilities.