bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Early detection of esophageal second primary tumors using Lugol chromoendoscopy in patients with head and neck cancer: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Bugter Oisín , van de Ven Steffi E. M. , Hardillo Jose A. , Bruno Marco J. , Koch Arjun D. , Baatenburg de Jong Robert J. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBackgroundEarly detection of esophageal secondary primary tumors (SPTs) in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients could increase patient survival. The purpose of this study was to determine the diagnostic yield of esophageal SPTs using Lugol chromoendoscopy.MethodsA systematic review of all available databases was performed to find all Lugol chromoendoscopy screening studies.ResultsFifteen studies with a total of 3386 patients were included. The average yield of esophageal‐SPTs in patients with HNSCC was 15%. The prevalence was the highest for patients with an index hypopharyngeal (28%) or oropharyngeal (14%) tumor. The esophageal‐SPTs were classified as high‐grade dysplasia in 49% of the cases and as invasive carcinoma's in 51%.ConclusionOur results show that 15% of the patients with HNSCC that underwent Lugol chromoendoscopy were diagnosed with an esophageal‐SPT. Based on these results there is enough evidence to perform Lugol chromoendoscopy, especially in an Asian patient population.
LC‐DAD‐ESI‐MS/MS–based phenolic profiling and antioxidant activity in Turkish cv. Nizip Yaglik olive oils from different maturity olives
Authors: Amanpour Armin , Kelebek Hasim , Selli Serkan 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe current study was designed to find out how olive maturity indices (2.5, 3.5, and 4.5) affect the individual phenolic compounds and antioxidant potencies of olive oils produced from cv. Nizip Yaglik olives. Liquid chromatography coupled to diode array detection and electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry in multiple reaction monitoring mode was utilized for the determination of phenolic composition qualitatively and quantitatively. Findings asserted a quite similar phenolic profile (14 phenols) depending on the various phenolic groups in all oils, while the concentration of total and individual phenolic compounds revealed significant differences between the samples statistically (p < 0.05). Among the individual phenolic classes in all samples, secoiridoids were the most prevailing group and their total content showed a clear significant decline as the olive fruits get ripened. Antioxidant potency values showed a clear diminution attitude during the maturation of the olives. The principal component analysis revealed that oils were discriminated from each other according to phenolic compounds and antioxidant potencies. Moreover, oils obtained from the unripe and medium‐ripe fruits possessed a very good quality marked by their elevated phenolic levels.
First‐Trimester Abdominal Circumference (Versus Crown Rump Length) Improves Precision in Inter‐ and Intraobserver Variability
Authors: Afshar Yalda , Gutkin Rachel , Krakow Deborah , Cuckle Howard , Silverman Neil S. , Platt Lawrence D. 
Published: December 2018

ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to evaluate inter‐ and intraobserver variability of first‐trimester biometric measurements and crown‐rump length (CRL) and to compare the accuracy and precision of CRL with these biometric measurements used in the interpretation of first‐trimester nuchal translucency (NT).MethodsWomen presenting for a first trimester ultrasound were recruited. Both a sonographer, and a maternal fetal medicine specialist individually examined each participant. Each examiner obtained three independent measurements of CRL, a standardized set of biometric measurements (biparietal diameter, occipitofrontal diameter, head circumference, abdominal circumference, humerus length, and femur length), and an NT between 11 0/7 and 13 6/7 weeks of gestation. Biometry‐specific expected NT values were calculated using linear and quadratic regression models and were used to convert results into multiples of the median.ResultsFetal biometric measurements, CRL, and NT measurements were obtained in 356 consecutive pregnancies with singleton fetuses. CRL demonstrated the least intra‐ and interobserver variability as demonstrated by the smallest coefficient of variance. However, abdominal circumference and head circumference were not statistically different from CRL variance. CRL and abdominal circumference showed the smallest standard deviation when calculating multiples of the median for NT interpretation.ConclusionFirst‐trimester abdominal circumference demonstrates the most intra‐ and interobserver precision for dating and calculating NT multiples of the median, which could potentially be useful with obesity and in any setting with technical limitations of sonography.
Diagnostic Performance of Multimodal Sound Touch Elastography for Differentiating Benign and Malignant Breast Masses
Authors: Dong Fajin , Wu Huaiyu , Zhang Lei , Tian Hongtian , Liang Weiyu , Ye Xiuyin , Liu Yan , Xu Jinfeng 
Published: December 2018

ObjectivesEvaluating the value of screening breast masses by separate or combined use of multimodal Sound Touch Elastography.MethodsWomen with 159 masses (mean size, 14.86 ± 6.57 mm; range, 5.30–30.00 mm) were enrolled in the study. The pathology results were adopted as diagnostic standards. The abilities of Young's modulus (E), shear modulus (G), and shear wave (C) to differentiate malignant and benign breast masses based on receiver operating characteristic curves were evaluated, and the optimal cutoff values were obtained. Sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, and negative likelihood ratio were calculated. Then, the values were combined to perform an overall analysis of Sound Touch Elastography using evidence‐based medicine, construct forest plots, and calculate areas under the summary receiver operating characteristic curves, pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio, and diagnostic scores.ResultsA total of 159 masses with a mean size of 14.86 ± 6.57 mm (range, 5.30–30.00 mm) were included. For the various parameters, the diagnostic values were as follows: Gmax > Emax > Cmax > Csd > Esd > Gsd > Emean > Gmean > Cmean. There were no significant differences in Emin, Gmin, or Cmin. When the 9 parameters were combined, the pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio, diagnostic scores and areas under the summary receiver operating characteristic curves were 84% (95% confidence interval [CI], 79%–88%), 82% (95% CI, 80%–84%), 4.75 (95% CI, 4.15–5.43), 0.20 (95% CI, 0.15–0.25), 3.19 (95% CI, 2.84–3.54) and 90.2% (95% CI, 87%–92%), respectively.ConclusionsSound Touch Elastography can be recognized as a new ultrasound‐based diagnostic method for differentiation between benign and malignant breast masses.
Cervical slide tracheoplasty in adults with laryngotracheal stenosis
Authors: Redmann Andrew J. , Rutter Michael J. , de Alarcon Alessandro , Hart Catherine K. , Manning Amy , Smith Matthew , Khosla Sid M. 
Published: December 2018

Objectives1) Evaluate success rates for adults undergoing cervical slide tracheoplasty. 2) Examine complication rates of slide tracheoplasty in adults.MethodsA retrospective cohort of adults > 21 years of age undergoing cervical slide tracheoplasty for tracheal stenosis between October 2011 and August 2017 was reviewed. Comorbidities, stenosis grade, etiology of stenosis, primary versus revision surgery, complications, and number of adjunct endoscopic procedures required postoperatively were evaluated.ResultsNineteen patients (63% female) underwent cervical slide tracheoplasty during the study period (median age 30 years, range 21–70). The most common etiology of stenosis was iatrogenic (68%), followed by congenital etiologies (26%). Fifty‐eight percent of patients had undergone a previous open airway procedure. Thirty‐nine percent were tracheostomy‐dependent prior to surgery, and the remainder had severe exercise intolerance. Sixty‐three percent were successfully extubated on the operating room table at the end of the procedure. Six (32%) patients experienced surgical complications, including one anastomotic dehiscence, three neck abscesses requiring incision and drainage (I&D), and replacement of adjunctive airway device in two patients. Seventy percent of the patients required ≥ 1 endoscopic dilation in the first 12 months following surgery, with a median of one (range 1–8) procedure. At most recent follow‐up (median 8 months, range 4–64 months), 18 of 19 (95%) of patients had minimal airway symptoms without need for tracheostomy. The one patient who was not decannulated expired of a presumed cardiac event prior to decannulation.ConclusionCervical slide tracheoplasty is an excellent reconstructive option for adult patients with tracheal stenosis, including those with history of previous airway reconstruction.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 129:818–822, 2019
The presence of eosinophil aggregates correlates with increased postoperative prednisone requirement
Authors: Tajudeen Bobby A. , Ganti Ashwin , Kuhar Hannah N. , Mahdavinia Mahboobeh , Heilingoetter Ashley , Gattuso Paolo , Ghai Ritu , Batra Pete S. 
Published: December 2018

Objectives/HypothesisFailure after sinus surgery is multifactorial, but often due to recurrence of inflammatory mucosal disease. Postoperative steroid requirements for controlling mucosal inflammation may provide insight into predicting which patients require more aggressive medical therapy to prevent disease relapse.Study DesignRetrospective chart review.MethodsA review was performed of patients who underwent functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) for refractory chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). Sino‐Nasal Outcome Test‐22 scores and cumulative prednisone dose (milligrams) requirements at 1, 3, and 6 months postoperatively were reviewed. A structured histopathology report of 11 variables was accessed to correlate histopathology with postoperative steroid requirements.ResultsOne hundred one patients were reviewed including 42 CRS with nasal polyps and 59 CRS without nasal polyps patients. CRS patients with eosinophilia required greater cumulative steroids to control disease at 1‐, 3‐, and 6‐month postoperative intervals (P < .026, P < .007, P < .013, respectively) compared to patients without eosinophilia. Patients with tissue eosinophil aggregates required the highest cumulative steroids at 1‐, 3‐, and 6‐month postoperative intervals (P < .003, P < .001, P < .001, respectively). When removing patients with eosinophil aggregates from the eosinophilia group, no difference persisted between patients with eosinophilia and those without eosinophilia at all intervals (P = .664, P = .735, P = .800, respectively). No other histopathology variable correlated with postoperative steroid requirement.ConclusionsTissue eosinophil aggregates appear to be the largest driving factor for increased prednisone requirements after sinus surgery to control mucosal disease than mere presence of eosinophils. This key finding may identify patients at high risk for failure after sinus surgery and guide more proactive postoperative management.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 129:794–799, 2019
Carcinoma presenting as idiopathic anterior glottic webs: A case series
Authors: Ramaswamy Apoorva T. , Tian Lisa , Bock Jonathan M. , Klein Adam M. , Pitman Michael J. 
Published: December 2018

An anterior glottic web is an abnormal fusion of the anterior aspect of the membranous vocal folds. Noncongenital glottic webs are usually iatrogenic from intubation or laryngeal surgery. We present six adult patients whose initial in‐office diagnoses were consistent with “idiopathic” benign anterior glottic webs as determined by three laryngologists (a.m.k., j.m.b., m.j.p.). Further evaluation revealed the diagnoses of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma in all cases. The high risk of malignancy in cases of idiopathic anterior glottic web necessitates biopsy for tissue diagnosis of all such lesions.Laryngoscope, 129:2118–2120, 2019
Improved microwave attenuator topology minimizing the number of control voltages
Authors: Longhi Patrick E. , Colangeli Sergio , Ciccognani Walter , Limiti Ernesto 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThis letter presents an improved circuit topology to minimize the number of external control voltages that are required to set the state of an N‐bit microwave digital attenuator. An alternative method to connect the control signal is proposed. Typically, the control signal is connected to the gate terminal of the field effect transistor while the source terminal is DC grounded. Here, the control signal is applied to the source terminal of the field effect transistor while the gate is connected to a fixed reference voltage. In this way, only one control voltage is necessary to set the state of single attenuator cell vs two control voltages required in the typical case. The proposed method becomes particularly beneficial as the number of bits increases (ie, >4). The topology has been validated through design, realization, and testing of a 5‐bit Monolithic Microwave Integrated Circuit (MMIC) attenuator operating over the full C‐band (4‐8 GHz).
A new quantizing insulator soldering technology scheme for microwave module
Authors: Tian Fei‐Fei , Zhou Ming , Zhang Jun Zhi 
Published: December 2018

AbstractA new quantizing technology scheme of insulator soldering was presented comparing with traditional soldering technology using solder paste, based on utilization of solid solder ring and the consideration of insulator mounting hole design on the microwave module shell. The X‐ray test on void ratio of insulator soldering shows that there exists no penetration void and the void ratio is below 5%. According to the leak standard A4 of GJB 548B‐1014.2, the standard leak rate of microwave module after the insulator soldering was below 5 × 10−9(Pa·m3)/s. After 10 cycles of temperature shock test ranging from −55°C to 125°C, the standard leak rate of microwave module was still below 5 × 10−9 (Pa·m3)/s. In comparison with traditional insulator soldering technology using solder paste, through utilization of solid solder ring and the design of insulator mounting hole, this new technology quantized the soldering of insulator so as to resolve the existing defects of traditional insulator soldering such as solder overflow, high void ratio, shortcut and channel blocking. The quantized insulator sealed soldering technology ensured the reliability, air impermeability, uniformity and beautifulness of soldering meanwhile improved operators' efficiency.
Mitigating the effects of time‐domain ringing in band‐notched UWB antennas
Authors: Hong Sun K. , Park Hong Soo 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThere is interest in designing UWB antennas with band‐notches to reject other narrowband communication frequencies to avoid interference. However, such band‐notched characteristics inherently cause ringing in the time‐domain, thereby distorting the transmitted (or received) UWB pulses. The level of distortion may depend on the bandwidth and strength of the band‐notch, and it may degrade the performance of a short‐pulse based UWB system. This letter examines the ringing effects of band‐notches in the time‐domain and proposes a method to mitigate the ringing effect in the received signal using the E‐pulse technique.
Design and manufacture of lowpass microstrip filter with high conductivity graphene films
Authors: Zhou Wenqing , Liu Chengguo , Huang Guan‐Long , Xia Wei , Zhang Jingwei , He Daping , Wu Zhi 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe design and manufacture of lowpass microstrip filter with high conductivity graphene films (HCGF) is reported, which is a proven work of the feasibility of HCGF used in microwave devices for wireless communications. The filter is designed as a fifth order Chebyshev step‐impedance lowpass microstrip filter operating at 2.5 GHz, its conduct strip is the novel HCGF. Based on the parametric study in the design, the optimum structure parameters of the filter are selected to fabricate the filters using HCGF with conductivity up to 1.1 × 106 S/m. It is fabricated with precise and efficient method of laser engraving technique. The test results show that in‐band microwave signals can transmit through the proposed HCGF filter effectively with insertion loss of 0.68 dB. The results in this paper show that HCGF filter has good performance comparable characteristics of the traditional copper filters.
Three‐dimensional holographic imaging using data collected over cylindrical apertures
Authors: Amineh Reza K. , Ravan Maryam , Wu Hailun , Kasturi Aakarsha 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe previously proposed near‐field holographic imaging algorithms are based on the data collected over rectangular apertures. In this letter, we propose an approach for three‐dimensional near‐field holographic imaging with data collected over cylindrical apertures. Circular deconvolution is employed to deal with the periodicity of the functions along the azimuthal direction.
A modified interdigital EBG reflector for wireless body area network applications
Authors: Rano Dinesh , Hashmi Mohammad 
Published: December 2018

AbstractA modified, compact, and via‐less interdigital electromagnetic band gap cell intended for wearable application at medical body area network (MBAN), and Wi‐Fi bands is reported in this article. The reflection phase of the proposed EBG unit cell is then investigated to design a reflector consisting of 3 × 2 array of EBG cells for an efficient radiation of a planar monopole antenna. The size and shape of the EBG unit cell has been designed in such a way that it achieves 0° reflection phase with minimum dimension of 14.3 and 15.34 mm along x‐axis and y‐axis, respectively. Subsequently, the surface wave rejection ability of the EBG incorporated ground plane is also studied and presented in this article. A planar monopole antenna incorporating the proposed EBG reflector at MBAN frequency exhibits gain, and efficiency of 6.4 dB, and 95%, respectively, and has net dimension of 34 mm × 55 mm × 4.67 mm along x‐axis, y‐axis, and z‐axis, respectively. Finally, specific absorption rate (SAR) analysis carried out for one layer, homogenous model, and three‐layer, heterogeneous model, shows a considerable reduction in SAR values for 0.5 W of power fed to the antenna. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is demonstrated through good agreement between the simulated and the experimental results.
Realization of modified Luneburg lens antenna using quasi‐conformal transformation optics and additive manufacturing
Authors: Biswas Soumitra , Lu Aric , Larimore Zachary , Parsons Paul , Good Austin , Hudak Nicholas , Garrett Benjamin , Suarez John , Mirotznik Mark S. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractWe demonstrate a new method for realizing modified Luneburg lens antennas with nearly continuously graded permittivity profiles in three‐dimensions. The method used a quasi‐conformal transformation optics (QCTO) approach to modify the geometry and permittivity of a spherical Luneburg lens to have a flat surface for convenient integration of antenna feeds. The modified lens was then fabricated using Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) printing with an effective media approach that employs space‐filling curves. The method was validated by designing and fabricating a modified Luneburg lens antenna designed to operate in the Ka‐band. The antenna performance of the sample was measured experimentally and shown to compare well to predicted results using full wave simulations. The device was able to achieve a reasonably high degree of beam steering (ie, −55° to +55°) over the entire Ka‐band. We believe this new approach provides a cost‐effective and scalable means of realizing practical passive beam steering lenses that operate over a broad range of frequencies.
Design of a high‐gain wideband antenna using double‐layer metasurface
Authors: Asadpor Loghman , Sharifi Ghader , Rezvani Mirhamed 
Published: December 2018

AbstractA wideband antenna is studied in this paper using a multi‐layer metasurface structure and implementing a periodic array for enhancing the gain. The performance of the multilayer antenna is improved by using a sub‐wavelength Fabry‐Perot cavity (FPC). The feeding and main radiation patches of the microstrip antenna are placed separately on two substrates, which are stacked on top of each other without an air‐gap in between. Two other substrates are placed within an optimized distance on top of the microstrip antenna. This structure, which has a double‐sided periodic array configuration, includes a capacitive artificial impedance surface (AIS) on one side, and an inductive partially reflective surface (PRS) on the other side of the substrates. Making use of this configuration increases the gain up to 18 dBi and widens the frequency bandwidth. Moreover, measurement results indicate a frequency range from 10.8 GHz to 15 GHz with an S11 less than −10 dB.
Simultaneous estimation and segmentation from projection data in dynamic PET
Authors: Cui Jianan , Yu Haiqing , Chen Shuhang , Chen Yunmei , Liu Huafeng 
Published: December 2018

PurposeDynamic positron emission tomography (PET) is known for its ability to extract spatiotemporal information of a radio tracer in living tissue. Information of different functional regions based on an accurate reconstruction of the activity images and kinetic parametric images has been widely studied and can be useful in research and clinical setting for diagnosis and other quantitative tasks. In this paper, our purpose is to present a novel framework for estimating the kinetic parametric images directly from the raw measurement data together with a simultaneous segmentation accomplished through kinetic parameters clustering.MethodAn iterative framework is proposed to estimate the kinetic parameter image, activity map and do the segmentation simultaneously from the complete dynamic PET projection data. The clustering process is applied to the kinetic parameter variable rather than to the traditional activity distribution so as to achieve accurate discrimination between different functional areas. Prior information such as total variation regularization is incorporated to reduce the noise in the PET images and a sparseness constraint is integrated to guarantee the solution for kinetic parameters due to the over complete dictionary. Alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) method is used to solve the optimization problem. The proposed algorithm was validated with experiments on Monte Carlo‐simulated phantoms and real patient data. Symbol error rate (SER) was defined to evaluate the performance of clustering. Bias and variance of the reconstruction activity images were calculated based on ground truth. Relative mean square error (MSE) was used to evaluate parametric results quantitatively.ResultIn brain phantom experiment, when counting rate is 1 × 106, the bias (variance) of our method is 0.1270 (0.0281), which is lower than maximum likelihood expectation maximization (MLEM) 0.1637 (0.0410) and direct estimation without segmentation (DE) 0.1511 (0.0326). In the Zubal phantom experiment, our method has the lowest bias (variance) 0.1559 (0.0354) with 1 × 105 counting rate, compared with DE 0.1820 (0.0435) and MLEM 0.3043 (0.0644). As for classification, the SER of our method is 18.87% which is the lowest among MLEM + k‐means, DE + k‐means, and kinetic spectral clustering (KSC). Brain data with MR reference and real patient results also show that the proposed method can get images with clear structure by visual inspection.ConclusionIn this paper, we presented a joint reconstruction framework for simultaneously estimating the activity distribution, parametric images, and parameter‐based segmentation of the ROIs into different functional areas. Total variation regularization is performed on the activity distribution domain to suppress noise and preserve the edges between ROIs. An over complete dictionary for time activity curve basis is constructed. SER, bias, variance, and MSE were calculated to show the effectiveness of the proposed method.