bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The role ofatoh1genes in the development of the lower rhombic lip during zebrafish hindbrain morphogenesis
Authors: Belzunce Ivan , Pujades Cristina 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDThe Lower Rhombic Lip (LRL) is a transient neuroepithelial structure of the dorsal hindbrain, which expands from r2 to r7, and gives rise to deep nuclei of the brainstem, such as the vestibular and auditory nuclei and most posteriorly the precerebellar nuclei. Although there is information about the contribution of specific proneural-progenitor populations to specific deep nuclei, and the distinct rhombomeric contribution, little is known about how progenitor cells from the LRL behave during neurogenesis and how their transition into differentiation is regulated.RESULTSIn this work, we investigated theatoh1gene regulatory network operating in the specification of LRL cells, and the kinetics of cell proliferation and behavior ofatoh1a-derivatives by using complementary strategies in the zebrafish embryo. We unveiled thatatoh1ais necessary and sufficient for specification of LRL cells by activatingatoh1b, which worked as a differentiation gene to transition progenitor cells towards neuron differentiation in a Notch-dependent manner. This cell state transition involved the release ofatoh1a-derivatives from the LRL:atoh1aprogenitors contributed first toatoh1bcells, which are committed non-proliferative precursors, and to thelhx2b-neuronal lineage as demonstrated by cell fate studies and functional analyses. Usingin vivocell lineage approaches we showed that the proliferative cell capacity, as well as their mode of division, relied on the position of theatoh1aprogenitors within the dorsoventral axis.CONCLUSIONSOur data demonstrates that the zebrafish provides an excellent model to study thein vivobehavior of distinct progenitor populations to the final neuronal differentiated pools, and to reveal the subfunctionalization of ortholog genes. Here, we unveil thatatoh1abehaves as the cell fate selector gene, whereasatoh1bfunctions as a neuronal differentiation gene, contributing to thelhx2bneuronal population.atoh1a-progenitor cell dynamics (cell proliferation, cell differentiation, and neuronal migration) relies on their position, demonstrating the challenges that progenitor cells face in computing positional information from a dynamic two-dimensional grid in order to generate the stereotyped neuronal structures in the embryonic hindbrain.
The Arabidopsis leucine-rich repeat receptor kinase MIK2 is a crucial component of pattern-triggered immunity responses to Fusarium fungi
Authors: Coleman A.D. , Raasch L. , Maroschek J. , Ranf S. , Hückelhoven R. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractFusarium is a genus of fungi causing severe economic damage in many crop species exemplified by Fusarium Head Blight of wheat or Panama Disease of banana. Plants sense immunogenic patterns (termed elicitors) at the cell surface contributing to disease resistance via the activation of pattern-triggered immunity (PTI). Knowledge of such elicitors or corresponding plant immunity components is largely lacking for Fusarium species. We describe a new peptide elicitor fraction present in several Fusarium spp. which elicits canonical PTI responses in Arabidopsis thaliana but depends on a currently unknown perception mechanism. We therefore employed a forward-genetics screen using Arabidopsis plants containing a cytosolic calcium reporter (apoaequorin) to isolate fere (Fusarium Elicitor Reduced Elicitation) mutants. The fere1 mutant showed impaired PTI marker responses to an enriched elicitor fraction derived from Fusarium oxysporum but normal responses to other fungal elicitors. We mapped the causal mutation to the receptor-like kinase MIK2 (MALE DISCOVERER1-INTERACTING RECEPTOR LIKE KINASE 2) with a hitherto undescribed role in PTI pathways but documented functions in other cell surface signalling pathways. The strength of the phenotype in fere1 and independent mik2 mutants supports that MIK2 is a new key component in sensing Fusarium. Fusarium elicitor responses also partially depend on PTI signalling components known for other cell surface elicitor responses such as BAK1, BIK1, PBL1, FERONIA, LLG1 and RBOHD. This shows that Arabidopsis senses Fusarium by a novel receptor complex at the cell surface that feeds into common PTI pathways and positions MIK2 as a central player that potentially integrates plant endogenous signals with biotic and abiotic stress responses.
Sterol flow between the plasma membrane and the endosome is regulated by the LAM family protein Ltc1
Authors: Marek Magdalena , Vincenzetti Vincent , Martin Sophie G. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractSterols are crucial components of biological membranes that help maintain membrane integrity and regulate various processes such as endocytosis, protein oligomerization and signaling. Although synthetized in the ER, sterols are at highest concentrations at the plasma membrane (PM) in all eukaryotic organisms. Here, by applying a genetically encoded sterol biosensor (D4H), we visualize a sterol flow between PM and endosomes in the fission yeastSchizosaccharomyces pombe. While D4H is detected at the PM during steady-state growth, inhibition of Arp2/3-dependent F-actin assembly unexpectedly promotes the reversible re-localization of the probe to internal sterol rich compartments (STRIC), as shown by correlative light-electron microscopy. Time-lapse imaging identifies STRIC as a late secretory, endosomal compartment labelled by the synaptobrevin Syb1. Retrograde sterol internalization to STRIC is independent of endocytosis or an intact Golgi. Instead, it depends on Ltc1, a LAM/StARkin-family protein that localizes to ER-PM contact sites. Inltc1Δ, sterols over-accumulate at the PM, which forms extended ER-interacting invaginations, indicating that sterol transfer by Ltc1 contributes to PM size homeostasis. Anterograde sterol movement from STRIC is independent of canonical vesicular trafficking components but requires Arp2/3 activity, suggesting a novel physiological role for this complex. Thus, transfer routes orthogonal to vesicular trafficking govern the retrograde and anterograde flow of sterols in the cell.
Skeletal Muscle mTORC1 Activation Increases Energy Expenditure and Reduces Longevity in Mice
Authors: Stephenson Erin J. , Redd JeAnna R. , Snyder Detrick , Tran Quynh T. , Lu Binbin , Peloquin Matthew J. , Mulcahy Molly C. , Harvey Innocence , Fisher Kaleigh , Han Joan C. , Qi Nathan , Saltiel Alan R. , Bridges Dave 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTORC1) is a nutrient responsive protein kinase complex that helps co-ordinate anabolic processes across all tissues. There is evidence that signaling through mTORC1 in skeletal muscle may be a determinant of energy expenditure and aging and therefore components downstream of mTORC1 signaling may be potential targets for treating obesity and age-associated metabolic disease. Here, we generated mice with Ckmm-Cre driven ablation of Tsc1, which confers constitutive activation of mTORC1 in skeletal muscle and performed unbiased transcriptional analyses to identify pathways and candidate genes that may explain how skeletal muscle mTORC1 activity regulates energy balance and aging. Activation of skeletal muscle mTORC1 produced a striking resistance to diet-and age-induced obesity without inducing systemic insulin resistance. We found that increases in energy expenditure following a high fat diet were mTORC1-dependent and that elevated energy expenditure caused by ablation of Tsc1 coincided with the upregulation of skeletal muscle-specific thermogenic mechanisms that involve sarcolipin-driven futile cycling of Ca2+ through SERCA2. Additionally, we report that constitutive activation of mTORC1 in skeletal muscle reduces lifespan. These findings support the hypothesis that activation of mTORC1 and its downstream targets, specifically in skeletal muscle, may play a role in nutrient-dependent thermogenesis and aging.
Potential Neurocognitive Biomarkers for Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) Severity in Recent Trauma Survivors
Authors: Ben-Zion Ziv , Zeevi Yoav , Keynan Nimrod Jackob , Admon Roee , Kozlovski Tal , Sharon Haggai , Halpern Pinchas , Liberzon Israel , Shalev Arieh Y. , Benjamini Yoav , Hendler Talma 
Published: July 2019

AbstractContemporary symptom-based diagnosis of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) largely overlooks related neurobehavioral findings and rely entirely on subjective interpersonal reporting. Previous studies associating objective biomarkers with PTSD have mostly used the disorder’s symptom-based diagnosis as main outcome measure, overlooking the actual clustering and richness of phenotypical features associated with PTSD. Here, we aimed to computationally derive potential neurocognitive biomarkers that could efficiently differentiate PTSD subtypes, based on an observational cohort study of recent trauma survivors. A three-staged semi-unsupervised method (“3C”) was used to categorize trauma survivors based on current PTSD diagnostics, derive clusters of PTSD based on features related to symptom load, and to classify participants’ cluster membership using objective features. A total of 256 features were extracted from psychometrics, cognitive, structural and functional neuroimaging data, obtained from 101 adult civilians (age=34.80±11.95, 51 females) evaluated within a month of trauma exposure. Multi-domain features that best differentiated cluster membership were indicated by using importance analysis, classification trees, and ANOVA. Results revealed that entorhinal and rostral anterior cingulate cortices volumes (structural domain), in-task amygdala’s functional connectivity with the insula and thalamus (functional domain), executive function and cognitive flexibility (cognitive domain) best differentiated between two clusters related to PTSD severity. Cross-validation established the results’ robustness and consistency within this sample. Multi-domain biomarkers revealed by the 3C analytics offer objective classifiers of post-traumatic morbidity shortly following trauma. They also map onto previously documented neurobehavioral PTSD features, supporting the future use of standardized and objective measurements to more precisely identify psychopathology subgroups shortly after trauma.
Field evaluation of a quantitative, and rapid malaria diagnostic system using a fluorescent Blue-ray optical device
Authors: Yamamoto Takeki , Hashimoto Muneaki , Nagatomi Kenji , Nogami Takahiro , Sofue Yasuyuki , Hayashi Takuya , Ido Yusuke , Yatsushiro Shouki , Abe Kaori , Kajimoto Kazuaki , Tamari Noriko , Awuor Beatrice , Sonye George , Kongere James , Munga Stephen , Ohashi Jun , Oka Hiroaki , Minakawa Noboru , Kataoka Masatoshi , Mita Toshihiro 
Published: July 2019

AbstractWe improved a previously developed quantitative malaria diagnostic system based on fluorescent Blue-ray optical device. Here, we first improved the diagnostic system to enable fully automated operation and the field application was evaluated in Kenya. We detected Plasmodium falciparum in blood samples collected from 288 individuals aged 1-16 years using nested polymerase chain reaction (nPCR), rapid diagnostic test (RDT), and automated system. Compared to RDT, the automated system exhibited a higher sensitivity (100%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 93.3–100%) and specificity (92.8%; 95%CI, 88.5–95.8%). The limit of detection was 0.0061%. Linear regression analysis revealed a correlation between the automated system and microscopic examination for detecting parasitemia (adjusted R2 value=0.63, P=1.13×10−12). The automated system exhibited a stable quantification of parasitemia and a higher diagnostic accuracy for parasitemia than RDT. This indicates the potential of this system as a valid alternative to conventional methods used at local health facilities, which lack basic infrastructure.
Faster 3D saturation-recovery based myocardial T1 mapping using a reduced number of saturation points and denoising
Authors: Nordio Giovanna , Bustin Aurélien , Odille Freddy , Schneider Torben , Henningsson Markus , Prieto Claudia , Botnar René M. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractPurposeTo accelerate the acquisition of free-breathing 3D saturation-recovery-based (SASHA) myocardial T1 mapping by acquiring fewer saturation points in combination with a novel post-processing 3D denoising technique to maintain high accuracy and precision.Methods3D SASHA T1 mapping acquires nine T1-weighted images along the saturation recovery curve, resulting in long acquisition times. In this work, we propose to accelerate conventional cardiac T1 mapping by reducing the number of saturation points. High T1 accuracy and precision is maintained by applying a 3D denoising technique to the T1-weighted images prior to pixel-wise T1 fitting. The proposed approach was evaluated on a T1 phantom and 20 healthy subjects, by varying the number of T1-weighted images acquired between three and nine, both prospectively and retrospectively. Three patients with suspected cardiovascular disease were acquired using five T1-weighted images. T1 accuracy and precision was determined for all the acquisitions before and after denoising.ResultsIn the T1 phantom, no statistical difference was found in terms of accuracy and precision for the different number of T1-weighted images before or after denoising (P=0.99 and P=0.99 for accuracy, P=0.64 and P=0.42 for precision, respectively). In vivo, both prospectively and retrospectively, the precision improved considerably with the number of T1-weighted images employed before denoising (P<0.05) but was independent on the number of T1-weighted images after denoising.ConclusionWe demonstrate the feasibility of accelerating 3D SASHA T1 mapping by reducing the number of acquired T1-weighted images in combination with an efficient 3D denoising, without affecting accuracy and precision of T1 values.
Work as a recovery factor after earthquake: a mixed-method study on female workers
Authors: Galanti Teresa , Cortini Michela 
Published: July 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the reaction of female workers to the earthquake event that shocked the city of L’Aquila in April 2009, with a specific focus on work as a recovery factor.

Design/methodology/approach
The selected sample consists of current or former resident women in the affected province of L’Aquila, who participated in a series of focus group discussions on the ability to reconstruct their own professional identity after the earthquake. The focus group seemed to be the perfect instrument for this research, because of its ability to generate a true discussion among a group of people on the research topic of this study. The collected data were analyzed both in terms of metaphors, as well as linguistic agentivity and by automatic content analysis.

Findings
From the analysis of the data, emerges the value that adds to the sense of identity continuity for the women in the sample, together with interesting differences between employed and self-employed workers that are characterized by distinct challenges and assurances. In regards to the effects of gender in response to disaster events, the results make a peculiar echo to the studies on public-private space dichotomy developed by Fordham, according to which, during a disaster, women are not allowed to develop work-related desires. For the group of women that the authors interviewed, the challenge to have family focused or work focused desires was clearly evident; they seem predetermined to the above-mentioned dichotomy, valid in both directions: the women who invested in work and have become entrepreneurs seem to have no chance of a private life and, on the contrary, the women who were focused on more traditional family roles seem to have no chance in terms of job opportunities.

Originality/value
Based on the authors’ knowledge this is the first time that focus groups are used to assess the value that work had in supporting individual recovery for women in the aftermath of the L’Aquila earthquake.
A study on performance of MHDA in training MLPs
Authors: K.S. Sree Ranjini 
Published: July 2019

Purpose
In recent years, the application of metaheuristics in training neural network models has gained significance due to the drawbacks of deterministic algorithms. This paper aims to propose the use of a recently developed “memory based hybrid dragonfly algorithm” (MHDA) for training multi-layer perceptron (MLP) model by finding the optimal set of weight and biases.

Design/methodology/approach
The efficiency of MHDA in training MLPs is evaluated by applying it to classification and approximation benchmark data sets. Performance comparison between MHDA and other training algorithms is carried out and the significance of results is proved by statistical methods. The computational complexity of MHDA trained MLP is estimated.

Findings
Simulation result shows that MHDA can effectively find the near optimum set of weight and biases at a higher convergence rate when compared to other training algorithms.

Originality/value
This paper presents MHDA as an alternative optimization algorithm for training MLP. MHDA can effectively optimize set of weight and biases and can be a potential trainer for MLPs.
Multi-objective optimization in face milling process with cryogenic cooling using grey fuzzy analysis and BPNN-GA methods
Authors: Soepangkat Bobby Oedy Pramoedyo , Norcahyo Rachmadi , Pramujati Bambang , Wahid M. Abdul 
Published: July 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to investigate the prediction and optimization of multiple performance characteristics in the face milling process of tool steel ASSAB XW-42.

Design/methodology/approach
The face milling parameters (cutting speed, feed rate and axial depth of cut) and flow rate (FR) of cryogenic cooling were optimized with consideration of multiple performance characteristics, i.e. surface roughness (SR), cutting force (Fc) and metal removal rate (MRR). FR of cryogenic cooling has two levels, whereas the three face milling parameters each have three levels. Using Taguchi method, an L18 mixed-orthogonal array was selected as the design of experiments. The rough estimation of the optimum face milling parameters was determined by using grey fuzzy analysis. The global optimum face milling parameters were searched by applying the backpropagation neural network-based genetic algorithm (BPNN-GA) method.

Findings
The optimum SR, cutting force (Fc) and MRR could be obtained by setting FR, cutting speed, feed rate and axial depth of cut at 0.5 l/min, 280 m/min, 90 mm/min and 0.2 mm, respectively. The experimental confirmation results showed that BPNN-based GA optimization method could accurately predict and significantly improve all of the multiple performance characteristics.

Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, there were no publications available regarding multi-response optimization using the combination of grey fuzzy analysis and BPNN-based GA methods during cryogenically face milling process.
A novel technique based on Bernoulli wavelets for numerical solutions of two-dimensional Fredholm integral equation of second kind
Authors: Saha Ray S. , Behera S. 
Published: July 2019

Purpose
A novel technique based on Bernoulli wavelets has been proposed to solve two-dimensional Fredholm integral equation of second kind. Bernoulli wavelets have been created by dilation and translation of Bernoulli polynomials. This paper aims to introduce properties of Bernoulli wavelets and Bernoulli polynomials.

Design/methodology/approach
To solve the two-dimensional Fredholm integral equation of second kind, the proposed method has been used to transform the integral equation into a system of algebraic equations.

Findings
Numerical experiments shows that the proposed two-dimensional wavelets technique can give high-accurate solutions and good convergence rate.

Originality/value
The efficiency of newly developed two-dimensional wavelets technique has been validated by different illustrative numerical examples to solve two-dimensional Fredholm integral equations.
Experimental and numerical investigations of choked air flow and heat transfer in a ball valve for optimization the cross-sectional area
Authors: Toghraie Davood , Khouzani Hojjatollah Heidari 
Published: July 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to understand the functional properties of ball valve in a compressible flow and simulation of experimental data collection of ball valve, was completely simulated.

Design/methodology/approach
Equations are solved according to finite volume and simplified algorithms. By measuring the flow parameters, including pressure and temperature at different points in the simulation circuit, flow coefficients and localized drop in the valve were determined in different openness cases of test valve and compared with experimental results. Determining a graph for flow coefficient variations in terms of the percentage of openness of the valve is very effective on the flow control as well as on optimizing its cross-section.

Findings
In the supersonic flow, flow coefficients and local drops of the valve are dependent on several parameters, including fluid flow rate. Flow coefficient graphs at different angles of the test valve show that by increasing the valve opening angle, the flow coefficient increases so that it reaches from 1.72 m3/h at a 30° angle to 46.29 m3/h at a 80° angle. It should be noted that these values in the experimental test were obtained 1.53 m3/h and 49.68 m3/h, respectively, and the percentage difference of these values by simulation was obtained for the angle of 30 degrees 11.7% and for the angle of 80°, about 7% per hour at an angle of 80°. Also, the coefficients of localized loss at different angles of test valve show that by increasing the angle of opening of the valve, the amount of localized loss decreases, so that the average value of 1515.2 in the angle of 30° reaches 1.9 at an angle of 80°. The percentage difference of these values by simulation, for the angle of 30° and 3.5% for the angle of 80°, was about 11.1%.

Originality/value
Determining a graph for flow coefficient variations versus the percentage of openness of the valve is very effective on the flow control as well as on optimizing its cross-section. In the supersonic flow, flow coefficients and local drop coefficients of the valve are dependent on several parameters, including fluid flow rate.
Strong fluid–solid interactions with segregated CFD solvers
Authors: Olivier Mathieu , Paré-Lambert Olivier 
Published: July 2019

Purpose
This paper aims to present a fluid-structure coupling partitioned scheme involving rigid bodies supported by spring-damper systems. This scheme can be used with already existing fluid flow solvers without the need to modify them.

Design/methodology/approach
The scheme is based on a modified Broyden method. It solves the equations of solid body motion in which the external forces coming from the flow are provided by a segregated flow solver used as a black box. The whole scheme is implicit.

Findings
The proposed partitioned method is stable even in the ultimate case of very strong fluid–solid interactions involving a massless cylinder oscillating with no structural damping. The overhead associated with the coupling scheme represents an execution time increase by a factor of about 2 to 5, depending on the context. The scheme also has the advantage of being able to incorporate turbulence modeling directly through the flow solver. It has been tested successfully with URANS simulations without wall law, thus involving thin high aspect-ratio cells near the wall.

Originality/value
Such problems are known to be very difficult to solve and previous studies usually rely on monolithic approaches. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first time a partitioned scheme is used to solve fluid–solid interactions involving massless components.