bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Autologous chondrocyte implantation, matrix‐induced autologous chondrocyte implantation, osteochondral autograft transplantation and osteochondral allograft improve knee function and pain with considerations for patient and cartilage defects characteristics: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Nassar Joseph E. , Guerin Grace , Keel Taidhgin , Russo Raffaella , Familiari Filippo , Tollefson Luke V. , LaPrade Robert F. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPurposePrevious studies have reported on the outcomes of autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI) versus matrix‐induced ACI (MACI) and microfracture. Specific clinical outcomes of ACI, MACI, osteochondral autograft transplantation (OAT) and osteochondral allograft (OCA) have not been well studied. The purpose of this systematic review and meta‐analysis was to analyze the outcomes of these regenerative surgical techniques with an emphasis on comparing their effectiveness using the International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) subjective score, the Lysholm Knee Scoring Scale, the Tegner Activity Scale and the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) score for the surgical treatment of tibiofemoral joint cartilage defects.MethodsAn electronic search of MEDLINE, Embase and Cochrane Library was performed to identify studies that reported clinical outcomes for ACI, MACI, OAT and OCA procedures. The literature review was conducted following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses guidelines and only studies involving cartilage defects in the tibiofemoral joint were included. Outcomes were measured with the IKDC evaluation, Lysholm Knee Scoring Scale, Tegner Activity Scale and the VAS. Outcomes were compared to the minimal clinically important difference (MCID) and patient acceptable symptom state (PASS). The methodological quality of the included studies was analyzed by the Methodological Index for Nonrandomized Studies and the Jadad scale.ResultsForty‐seven studies were included representing a total of 1993 patients with a mean follow‐up time of 57.2 ± 40.3 months (range: 4.0–160.0 months). The location of cartilage defects was reported in 46 studies, with a total of 1922 cartilage defects. There were 1277 medial femoral condyle cartilage defects, 488 lateral femoral condyle cartilage defects, 139 unspecified femoral condyle cartilage defects and 18 tibial plateau cartilage defects. All four procedures reported significant improvements in the Lysholm, IKDC, Tegner and VAS scores with no significant differences between them. The OAT technique surpassed the PASS threshold for the IKDC score while all four techniques surpassed the PASS threshold for Tegner and Lysholm scores. Additionally, all procedures met the MCID for each clinical outcome.ConclusionThis systematic review and meta‐analysis indicate that ACI, MACI, OAT and OCA all result in significant improvements in knee function and pain for cartilage defects of the tibiofemoral joint. When selecting a procedure, patient and cartilage defect characteristics should be assessed to determine the best technique for each individual patient.Study DesignSystematic review and meta‐analysis.Level of EvidenceLevel III.
Photoactivated Multicolor Organic Phosphorescence in Intrinsically Stretchable, Self‐Healable and Recyclable Polymers
Authors: Wei Juan , Hu Jingxue , Zhu Mingye , Wu Jilong , Xiao Min , Wang Yulong , Zhou Yuxiang , Liu Shujuan , Ma Yun , Zhao Qiang 
Published: November 2024

AbstractSmart persistent organic room‐temperature phosphorescence (RTP) materials, capable of responding to microenvironmental changes, are critically important in various optoelectronic applications. However, conventional persistent RTP materials usually have not stretchability and flexibility, limiting some practical applications. This study reports a facile and one‐pot photo‐initiated copolymerization method to prepare photoactivated persistent RTP polymers with multicolored afterglow, excellent stretchability, self‐healable and recyclable properties. Impressively, the polymers can be stretched up to 500% without significant loss in RTP intensity and lifetime, and they possess a self‐healing ability with a healing efficiency of 69.6%. Utilizing these photoactivated and stretchable persistent RTP polymers, dual encryption can be achieved under UV irradiation and stretching conditions, thereby enhancing the security levels of the stored confidential information. Overall, this study represents the first example of self‐healable and recyclable stimuli‐responsive RTP materials, demonstrating their bright future for the flexible and wearable optoelectronics.
A Computational Study on Effects of PID Temperature Target and RF Frequency for PID‐Controlled Nonablative RF Cosmetic Systems
Authors: Wang Lu‐Xiao , Kong Xiang‐Yong , Zhou Tong‐Juan 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackground and Objectives: Commonly adopted in cosmetic dermatology, nonablative radiofrequency (RF) devices convert high‐frequency electromagnetic energy into thermal energy to induce a wound‐healing response in skin tissue. However, differences in the electrical properties of different skin layers raise questions about the impact of different RF frequencies and target temperatures on treatment effectiveness. This paper presents a finite element analysis (FEA)‐based computational study aimed at simulating and optimizing the effects of a proportional integral derivative (PID)‐controlled RF cosmetic devices under different combinations of these two parameters during treatment.Study Design/Materials and Methods: A 3D physical model for the application of a nonablative RF device was constructed using COMSOL, which included the human tissue and RF electrodes, electromagnetic and thermal boundary conditions, as well as the PID controller. FEA was performed for each of the twelve models with parameter combinations of three RF frequencies (0.1, 0.5, and 1 MHz) and three PID‐controlled target temperatures (60°C, 65°C, and 70°C) plus one group without PID control. Treatment effectiveness was quantitatively assessed using the integration of tissue thermal damage fraction, i.e., thermal damage volume.Results: In the earlier stage of heating (0–10 s), higher RF frequency resulted in a larger thermal damage volume. At 10 s, among models with a temperature target of 70°C, there is a 6.04% difference between the thermal damage volume at RF frequencies of 1.0 and 0.1 MHz. In the later stage of heating(11–80 s), the impact of RF frequency decreases. The difference in thermal damage volume caused by higher temperature targets is more significant, at 80 s, among models with an RF frequency of 1.0 MHz, the 70°C model produces 1.15 and 1.36 times more tissue thermal damage than the 65°C and 60°C models.Conclusion: PID controller has ensured treatment safety and uniformity, in exchange for some efficiency. Among 12 parameter combinations, the one with a temperature of 70°C and RF frequency of 1.0 MHz achieved the highest thermal damage volume, which could potentially result in the best esthetic effect. Considering users' different susceptibility to heat, engineers or physicians can select better temperature targets and RF frequencies to bring the desired cosmetic results based on thermal damage volume curves from this study.
OVERCOMING LEADERSHIP CHALLENGES IN HIGHLY MATRIXED ORGANIZATIONS
Authors: Cooper Andrew C.M. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe author is a seasoned global executive who was the first Millennial and Black executive to serve as General Counsel of UPS Airlines. His perspective on matrixed organizations “is shaped by my experiences moving from a front‐line worker to specialized individual contributor to middle manager and eventually to a senior leader within the system.” Challenges to these types of organizations include, in his words, blind spots, unclear accountability, potential for conflict and political maneuvering, and inefficiencies due to role confusion. He notes that “blind spots can arise when stakeholders perceive corporate policies and strategies differently because of their organizational positions.” Unclear accountability “often leads to confusion about responsibilities and outcomes.” Within challenge three, “reporting to multiple managers often leads to confusion over priorities and power struggles, as leaders assert influence to secure resources or recognition.” And in challenge four, “Employees often receive contradictory instructions from different managers, causing confusion, frustration, and project delays.” Overcoming these challenges can lead to, in his words: Improved Collaboration and Communication; Flexibility and Adaptability; Efficient Resource Utilization; Enhanced Employee Skill Development; Clearer Project Objectives; Increased Innovation; Better Customer Focus, Cost Efficiency; More Employee Engagement; and Stronger Organizational Capability.
THE IMPORTANCE OF (RE)FRAMING CONVERSATIONS IN LEADERSHIP
Authors: Collis Steven T. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe author, a law professor at the University of Texas at Austin, adapted his article from his recent book Habits of a Peacemaker: 10 Habits to Change Our Potentially Toxic Conversations into Healthy Dialogues. He notes that one particular habit “can be especially helpful for organizational leaders seeking to solve any number of problems. It is useful when talking about divisive policy issues, but it is just as important when talking about any of the challenges organizations face on a daily basis. It is the habit of framing and reframing conversations.” He notes that “whenever two or more people are discussing a given issue, how the topic is framed is perhaps the most important step in the process.” He first uses the example of a legal dispute, but notes how in a court of law, “strict rules force a certain level of emotional control and civility in the courtroom.” Moving to a workplace setting, he contends that “as a leader, the next time you are beginning a conversation or leading a dialogue about any topic, think first about how you want to frame it. In large measure, that will determine where the conversation goes and how productive it will be.”
Predicting Post‐Mortem α‐Synuclein Pathology by the Combined Presence of Probable REM sleep behavior disorder and Hyposmia
Authors: Tremblay Cécilia , Adler Charles H. , Shill Holly A. , Driver‐Dunckley Erika , Mehta Shyamal , Choudhury Parichita , Belden Christine , Shprecher David R. , Lee‐Iannotti Joyce K. , Atri Alireza , Serrano Geidy E. , Beach Thomas G. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundIdiopathic rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (RBD) is a strong known predictor of a final clinicopathological diagnosis of a Lewy type α‐synucleinopathy (LTS). Olfactory dysfunction is an early symptom of synucleinopathies and has been repeatedly associated with the presence of post‐mortem LTS.ObjectiveTo assess the combined value of a clinician diagnosis of probable RBD (PRBD) and hyposmia in predicting the post‐mortem presence of LTS in a broader, less‐selected, volunteer elderly population.MethodsWe studied 652 autopsied subjects from the Arizona Study of Aging and Neurodegenerative Disorders, which were evaluated for PRBD, had completed annual movement and cognitive assessments, and had at least one the University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test (UPSIT) olfactory test.ResultsHistological evidence of LTS was significantly more frequent in those who had PRBD (112/152: 73.7%) than those without (177/494: 35.8%) (P < 0.001). LTS was more frequent in cases with PRBD and a low UPSIT score (90.8%) compared to cases with PRBD only (73.7%) (P < 0.001) or cases with a low UPSIT score only (69.4%) (P < 0.001). Sensitivity of PRBD diagnosis for predicting LTS was 38.8% and specificity 88.8%, whereas sensitivity of a low UPSIT score was 74.4% and specificity 73.4% (Youden's index = 0.276 for PRBD, 0.478 for UPSIT). When combining both measures, sensitivity was 34.3% and specificity increased to 97.2%.ConclusionPRBD, diagnosed without sleep study confirmation, combined with a reduced olfactory performance is highly specific for predicting post‐mortem presence of LTS. The combination of both measures may provide a cost‐effective means of predicting LTS in a broader community.
Board Cultural Diversity and Nonperforming Loans: What Role Does Boardroom Gender Diversity Play?
Authors: Boussaada Rim , Hakimi Abdelaziz , Karmani Majdi 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTIn this paper, we examine the effect of board cultural diversity (BCD) on European banks nonperforming loans (NPLs) and whether boardroom gender diversity (BGD) moderates the BCD‐NPLs relationship. We used a sample of 75 banks in 20 European countries from 2011 to 2022. The System Generalized Method of Moment was performed as an econometric approach. We find that greater BCD increases NPLs and BGD moderates the BCD‐NPLs relationship. The sensitivity analysis results indicate that only large banks benefit from an interaction between BGD and BCD because it lowers the NPLs ratio. Our results are robust to alternative econometric methods.
Industrial Robots, Factor Market Distortion, and Productivity
Authors: Chen Shaojian , Duan Dingyun , Wang Hua 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTWe find that robot adoption significantly increases firm‐level TFP, but factor market distortion hinders the promotion effect of robot adoption on firm‐level TFP. Mechanism analysis reveals that the cost‐saving and labor productivity improvements brought about by industrial robot application stimulate market entry by new firms and elevate the exit risk for incumbent enterprises. This dynamic intensifies competition, resulting in an enhanced market environment that contributes to firm‐level TFP. However, factor market distortions impede the survival of the fittest among firms and stifle the competitive effects of market entry and exit. This ultimately leads to sluggish growth in firm‐level TFP.
Insulin Resistance Is a Modifying Factor for Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Zagare Alise , Hemedan Ahmed , Almeida Catarina , Frangenberg Daniela , Gomez‐Giro Gemma , Antony Paul , Halder Rashi , Krüger Rejko , Glaab Enrico , Ostaszewski Marek , Arena Giuseppe , Schwamborn Jens C. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundParkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common, and the fastest‐growing neurodegenerative disorder with unclear etiology in most cases. Therefore, the identification of non‐genetic risk factors for PD pathology is crucial to develop effective preventative or therapeutic strategies. An increasing number of evidence suggests that central insulin resistance might have an essential role in PD pathology. Nevertheless, it is not clear whether insulin resistance arises from external factors/lifestyle, comorbidities such as type 2 diabetes or it can occur in a PD patient's brain independently from peripheral insulin resistance.ObjectiveWe aimed to investigate insulin resistance and its role in GBA1 mutation‐associated PD pathogenesis and phenotype severity.MethodsMidbrain organoids, generated from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) of PD patients carrying the GBA1‐N370S heterozygous mutation (GBA‐PD) and healthy donors, were exposed to different insulin concentrations to modify insulin signaling function. Transcriptomics analysis was performed to explore insulin signaling gene expression patterns in GBA‐PD and to find a potential target for GBA‐PD‐associated phenotype rescue.ResultsThe insulin signaling pathway genes show dysregulation in GBA‐PD. Particularly, we highlight that a knockdown of FOXO1 mitigates the loss of dopaminergic neurons and cellular death in GBA‐PD. Additionally, our findings suggest a promising therapeutic potential of the anti‐diabetic drug Pioglitazone in decreasing dopaminergic neuron loss associated with GBA‐PD.ConclusionLocal insulin signaling dysfunction plays a substantial role in GBA‐PD pathogenesis, exacerbating dopaminergic neuron death. © 2024 The Author(s). Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Immunotherapy for gastric cancer: Advances and challenges
Authors: Zhang Pei , Zhang Chenyan , Li Xiaoying , Chang Chen , Gan Cailing , Ye Tinghong , Cao Dan 
Published: November 2024

AbstractGastric cancer (GC) ranks among the leading causes of cancer‐related mortality globally. Often, its initial stages manifest subtly, and the infrequency of routine screenings contributes to late diagnoses in many cases. Systemic treatments for GC include chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy, among which immunotherapy is the first‐line standard treatment for advanced GC. In recent years, immunotherapy has seen notable advancements, as evidenced by the Food and Drug Administration's approval of drugs such as nivolumab and pembrolizumab for GC treatment. Additionally, several other drugs are currently under rigorous preclinical and clinical investigation. This review aims to shed light on the recent advancements in immunotherapy for GC, particularly emphasizing the insights gained from phase 2/3 clinical trials that assess the efficacy, safety, and promise of various immunotherapeutic modalities, including immune checkpoint inhibitors, CAR‐T‐cell therapies, and cancer vaccines, in enhancing patient outcomes. Moreover, this review delves into the intricate immunological framework of GC, focusing on the tumor microenvironment, interactions among immune cells, and the roles of immune checkpoints such as PD‐L1. We also address the hurdles and prospective paths forward in the realm of immunotherapy for GC, offering fresh viewpoints on potential therapeutic approaches in this evolving domain.
Experimental and Numerical Indentation Tests to Study the Crack Growth Properties Caused by Various Indenters Under High Temperature
Authors: Sarfarazi Vahab , Haeri Hadi , Fu Jinwei , Namdarmanesh Amir , Saeedi Gholamreza , Golsanami Naser 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThis paper investigates the influence of indenter shape and rock texture on the crack growth properties and rock hardness. For this purpose, two different rock specimens such as basalt and marble with various textures were prepared and tested by Vickers indentation hardness device with rhombus indenter shape under two different temperatures of 35°C and 100°C. Concurrent with the experimental test, Vickers indentation simulations have been done on three calibrated rock models with nine different indenter shapes. The tensile strength of marble was 8 MPa, while basalt had a tensile strength of 10.8 MPa. Regarding compressive strength, marble exhibited 71 MPa, whereas basalt had a compressive strength of 153 MPa. Marble and basalt had elastic moduli of 45 and 95 GPa, respectively. The physical loading was applied vertically at a rate of 0.004 mm/min. The rock's texture and temperature significantly impact Vickers indentation hardness. Penetration by the Vickers indenter creates an elastic‐plastic stress field, leading to radial cracks due to exceeding the critical stress level. Ring cracks are caused by bulging of the test material and nested cracks directly under the indentation due to high shear and bending stresses in the region. The indentation shape affected the extent of the damage zone below it, leading to increased crack growth with smaller indentation diameters. The radial fracture number increased when the cross‐section changed from circular to quadrilateral shape. The crack growth and damage zone area increased with higher rock temperature due to increased rock brittleness.
Service Users' Perspectives on Communicating Compassion in Mental Health Practice
Authors: Wildbore Ellie , Bond Carmel , Timmons Stephen , Hui Ada , Sinclair Shane 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTWhen people talk about their healthcare experience, compassion is often a common ingredient in the stories they share. After a decade of healthcare reforms and research on compassion, the experience of receiving compassionate care has been shown to be important to patients and their families. Yet, there is little guidance to inform compassionate practice in the context of providing mental health care. In this article, the authors suggest three things that mental health nurses can use in their practice to demonstrate compassion.
Effects of frequently prescribed antiseizure medications on motor vehicle driving performance: Narrative review based on a tiered approach for the assessment of clinically meaningful driving impairment in the Ministry of Health, Labour, and Welfare guideline
Authors: Iwamoto Kunihiro , Nakabayashi Tetsuo , Yamaguchi Akiko , Konishi Yuki , Saji Momoe , Yoshimura Reiji , Kanemoto Kousuke , Aoki Hirofumi , Ando Masahiko , Ozaki Norio 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPatients with epilepsy often require long‐term treatment with antiseizure medications, and their impact on daily activities, particularly driving, is of significant concern. The recently published “Guideline for Evaluating Effects of Psychotropic Drugs on the Performance to Drive a Motor Vehicle” in Japan provides a framework that can be referred to for not only the evaluation of new drugs but also the reevaluation of approved drugs. This study conducted a literature review regarding the effects of carbamazepine, valproate, lamotrigine, lacosamide, and levetiracetam, which are frequently prescribed for epilepsy, on driving performance following the guideline's tiered evaluation approach. Analyses of pharmacological, pharmacodynamic, and adverse events suggested that these drugs primarily affect arousal function. Driving studies showed that acute administration of carbamazepine, but not chronic monotherapy with carbamazepine, valproate, lamotrigine, and levetiracetam, significantly impairs driving performance. Epidemiological studies have not identified a definitive association between these drugs and traffic accidents. Initial administration of these five antiseizure medications may affect driving performance, warranting special attention, but the influence appears to diminish with continued use. Nevertheless, while long‐term administration of these five drugs may not have a clinically meaningful effect on driving performance, safe driving is not guaranteed for each individual patient, and appropriate individualized guidance is important in clinical practice.
Temporal Trends in Knowledge of Human Papillomavirus and Associated Oropharyngeal Cancer Following Expanded Vaccination Eligibility
Authors: Ayo‐Ajibola Oluwatobiloba O. , Koh Michelle , Julien Catherine , Davis Ryan J. , Lin Matthew E. , Kim James , Mack Wendy J. , Kwon Daniel I. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractObjectiveHuman papillomavirus (HPV) is a significant driver of elevated risk for oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC). In 2018, HPV vaccination eligibility was expanded to men and women aged 27 to 45. We evaluated changes in awareness of HPV, its association with OPSCC, and HPV vaccination among all US adults between 2018 and 2020, focusing on those aged 27 to 45.Study DesignCross‐sectional survey cycles.SettingThe Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS).MethodsThe HINTS, a nationally representative survey of US adults, was queried. A total of 3504 adults in 2018 and 3865 adults in 2020 were assessed for knowledge of HPV, its vaccine, its association with OPSCC, and changes in awareness between 2018 and 2020. Statistical significance was set at P < .05.ResultsMost respondents were aware of HPV (2018: 60.8%; 2020: 64.8%) and its vaccine (2018: 60.8%; 2020: 61.6%). A significant decrease in awareness of the association between HPV and cervical cancer was seen between 2018 and 2020 (75.0% vs 70.2%, P = .028). Knowledge of HPV+ OPSCC was poor and did not change over time (2018: 27.0%, 2020: 29.5%). Statistically significant increases in HPV awareness between 2018 and 2020 were found for individuals who reported completing high school as their highest level of education (P = .009), Caucasians (P = .013), males (P = .024), and those making more than $200,000 annually (P = .022).ConclusionKnowledge of the association between HPV and OPSCC remained poor despite expanded vaccine eligibility. Public health education on the association may increase awareness for groups likely to benefit from vaccination.