bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Target controlled infusion pump occlusion alarm response times and their clinical implications: A bench-top and simulation study
Authors: Doyle Alexander , Kooij Viola , Stennings-Smith Philippa , Qureshi Syed , Tilakaratna Prasanna , Hassani Aimen 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Background: There is a time-delay between obstruction of the infusion apparatus and the onset of the occlusion alarm on both the Alaris PK and Braun Perfusor Space target controlled infusion (TCI) pumps. Depending on the extent of this time-delay, it is possible that drug effect-site concentrations could decrement below minimally effective levels during this period, potentially exposing patients to the risk of accidental awareness under general anaesthesia.
Methods: In a bench-top experiment, we recorded the alarm response time of both devices after intentional obstruction using a standardised protocol. We then computer-simulated a series of clinically relevant TCIs to determine if the effect-site concentration of propofol or remifentanil could decrement below 2 ug.mL-1 or 3 ng.mL-1 before the alarm was predicted to sound.
Results: The alarm response time of both devices was longer at higher alarm level settings and slower infusion rates, but different between brands at equivalent alarm level settings (p < 0.0001 for all comparisons). The simulations revealed that the drug effect-site concentrations of propofol and remifentanil could decrement below minimally effective levels within the alarm response time of either device, when Schnider or Minto effect kinetics utilising slow infusion rates were combined with high alarm level settings.
Conclusions: Our study suggests that, under certain conditions of use, the design and performance of the occlusion alarm on the Alaris PK and Braun Perfusor Space TCI pumps can potentially permit inadequate drug delivery during TCI anaesthesia. We believe our findings should serve as a warning to clinicians to be wary of utilising slow infusion rates in combination with high alarm level settings and propose that clinicians mitigate against this risk by choosing alarm level settings based upon the baseline alarm performance in order to minimise any redundancy in the alarm response time.
Keywords: Infusion Pumps, Patient Safety, Anaesthetics i.v., Propofol
Maxillary Metastasis of Esophageal Cancer: Report of the First Case and Literature Review
Authors: Hu Hong , Wang Jing , Zhou Xiao-Yun , Tong Meng-Ting , Zhai Chong-Ya , Sui Xin-Bing , Zhang Yan-Hua , Xie Xiao-Xi , Liu Hao , Xie Jian-Sheng , Pan Hong-Ming , Li Da 
Published: January 2019

Background:
Esophageal cancer (EC) is a common digestive system tumor, characterized
by high invasion, apparent lethality, and poor prognosis. Direct diffusion is the major metastatic
mechanism of early EC, whereas advanced EC is spread mainly by lymphatic metastasis, but also can
be transferred to the liver, lungs, bones, and so on, by hematogenous metastasis. The incidence of bone
metastasis in esophageal cancer is low, and maxillary metastasis of EC is more rare.

Objective:
To explore the differential diagnosis in ECMM, the rare metastasis of EC, and the possible
mechanisms and predictors of bone metastasis.

Methods:
The clinical materials of a male patient with maxillary metastasis of esophageal cancer
(ECMM) were analyzed. Then, the possible mechanism of the ECMM was discussed.

Conclusion:
ECMM may belong to the hematogenous metastasis. The early detection of rare sites of
metastasis of EC should be prioritized in tumor marker detection, imaging, pathology, and other
diagnostic techniques.
Impact of a Clinical Decision Support Tool on Dementia Diagnostics in Memory Clinics: The PredictND Validation Study
Authors: Bruun Marie , Frederiksen Kristian S. , Rhodius-Meester Hanneke F.M. , Baroni Marta , Gjerum Le , Koikkalainen Juha , Urhemaa Timo , Tolonen Antti , van Gils Mark , Tong Tong , Guerrero Ricardo , Rueckert Daniel , Dyremose Nadia , Andersen Birgitte Bo , Simonsen Anja H. , Lemstra Afina , Hallikainen Merja , Kurl Sudhir , Herukka Sanna-Kaisa , Remes Anne M. , Waldemar Gunhild , Soininen Hilkka , Mecocci Patrizia , van der Flier Wiesje M. , Lötjönen Jyrki , Hasselbalch Steen G. 
Published: January 2019

Background:
Determining the underlying etiology of dementia can be challenging. Computer-
based Clinical Decision Support Systems (CDSS) have the potential to provide an objective comparison
of data and assist clinicians.

Objectives:
To assess the diagnostic impact of a CDSS, the PredictND tool, for differential diagnosis of
dementia in memory clinics.

Methods:
In this prospective multicenter study, we recruited 779 patients with either subjective cognitive
decline (n=252), mild cognitive impairment (n=219) or any type of dementia (n=274) and followed
them for minimum 12 months. Based on all available patient baseline data (demographics, neuropsychological
tests, cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers, and MRI visual and computed ratings), the PredictND
tool provides a comprehensive overview and analysis of the data with a likelihood index for five diagnostic
groups; Alzheimer´s disease, vascular dementia, dementia with Lewy bodies, frontotemporal
dementia and subjective cognitive decline. At baseline, a clinician defined an etiological diagnosis and
confidence in the diagnosis, first without and subsequently with the PredictND tool. The follow-up
diagnosis was used as the reference diagnosis.

Results:
In total, 747 patients completed the follow-up visits (53% female, 69±10 years). The etiological
diagnosis changed in 13% of all cases when using the PredictND tool, but the diagnostic accuracy
did not change significantly. Confidence in the diagnosis, measured by a visual analogue scale (VAS,
0-100%) increased (ΔVAS=3.0%, p<0.0001), especially in correctly changed diagnoses (ΔVAS=7.2%,
p=0.0011).

Conclusion:
Adding the PredictND tool to the diagnostic evaluation affected the diagnosis and increased
clinicians’ confidence in the diagnosis indicating that CDSSs could aid clinicians in the differential
diagnosis of dementia.
Identify Compounds' Target Against Alzheimer's Disease Based on In-Silico Approach
Authors: Hu Yan , Zhou Guangya , Zhang Chi , Zhang Mengying , Chen Qin , Zheng Linfeng , Niu Bing 
Published: January 2019

Background:Alzheimer's disease swept every corner of the globe and the number of patients worldwide has been rising. At present, there are as many as 30 million people with Alzheimer's disease in the world, and it is expected to exceed 80 million people by 2050. Consequently, the study of Alzheimer’s drugs has become one of the most popular medical topics.Methods:In this study, in order to build a predicting model for Alzheimer’s drugs and targets, the attribute discriminators CfsSubsetEval, ConsistencySubsetEval and FilteredSubsetEval are combined with search methods such as BestFirst, GeneticSearch and Greedystepwise to filter the molecular descriptors. Then the machine learning algorithms such as BayesNet, SVM, KNN and C4.5 are used to construct the 2D-Structure Activity Relationship(2D-SAR) model. Its modeling results are utilized for Receiver Operating Characteristic curve(ROC) analysis.Results:The prediction rates of correctness using Randomforest for AChE, BChE, MAO-B, BACE1, Tau protein and Non-inhibitor are 77.0%, 79.1%, 100.0%, 94.2%, 93.2% and 94.9%, respectively, which are overwhelming as compared to those of BayesNet, BP, SVM, KNN, AdaBoost and C4.5.Conclusion:In this paper, we conclude that Random Forest is the best learner model for the prediction of Alzheimer’s drugs and targets. Besides, we set up an online server to predict whether a small molecule is the inhibitor of Alzheimer's target at http://47.106.158.30:8080/AD/. Furthermore, it can distinguish the target protein of a small molecule.
Local Drug Delivery Based Treatment Approaches for Effective Management of Periodontitis
Authors: Aggarwal Geeta , Verma Sonia , Gupta Madhu , Nagpal Manju 
Published: January 2019

Background:
Periodontal disease is an immuno-inflammatory condition of
tissues that surround and hold the teeth. It is the disease which succeeds in all races,
groups and both genders. Almost 10 to15% of the global population gets suffered from
severe periodontitis as per WHO reports. Periodontal disease may likely cause other systemic
diseases such as cardiovascular disease and pre-term low birth weight infants. Mechanical
removal of plaques and calculus deposits from supra and subgingival environment
is the backbone of periodontal treatment till date whereas complete elimination of
these deleterious agents is quite unrealistic as the pocket depth increases.

Recent Approaches:
Recently controlled local drug delivery application is more encouraging
in comparison to systemic approach as it mainly targets to enhance the therapeutic
efficacy by maintaining site-specificity, avoiding first pass metabolism, reduction in gastrointestinal
(GI) side effects and decreasing the dose. Several drugs such as antiseptics
and antibiotics alongwith various carriers are being formulated as local drug delivery systems
for effective management of the disease. Various local delivery systems reported are
fibers, films, strips, compacts, injectables, microparticles, vesicular carriers, gels and
nanoparticles. These local carriers provide effective prolonged treatment at the site of
infection at reduced doses. This review enlightens detailed pathophysiology and various
phases of periodontitis, challenges in treatment of disease and various antimicrobial
agents (along with their marketed formulations) used. The main emphasis of the review is
to cover all carrier systems developed so far for local delivery application in the effective
management of periodontitis, as a patient compliant drug therapy.
Effect of Capparis spinosa Extract on Metabolic Parameters in Patients with Type-2 Diabetes: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Vahid Hamideh , Bonakdaran Shokoufeh , Khorasani Zahra Mazloum , Jarahi Lida , Rakhshandeh Hassan , Ghorbani Ahmad , Zarghi Nazila , Yousefi Mahdi 
Published: January 2019

Background:
Experimental studies have reported beneficial effects of Capparis spinosa L.,
a perennial shrub from the Capparidaceae family, on the glycemic status and serum lipids in diabetic
animals.

Objective:
The aim of the present randomized triple-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial was to investigate
the safety and efficacy of C. spinosa oxymel on blood glucose, lipid profile, and other diagnostic
indexes of metabolic syndrome in patients with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes.

Method:
The C. spinosa oxymel was prepared by adding hydroalcoholic extract of C. spinosa fruit to
simple oxymel (a mixture of grape vinegar and lactulose). Thirty diabetic patients with metabolic syndrome
whose glycemic status was not controlled despite receiving full doses of oral hypoglycemic
agents did not want to start insulin therapy and were randomly allocated to three groups to receive
placebo, simple oxymel, or C. spinosa oxymel (10 mL/thrice daily for 3 months). All patients continued
conventional therapy with hypolipidemic, antihyperlipidemic, and antihypertensive drugs during
the study.

Results:
C. spinosa oxymel significantly decreased the body weight and body mass index at the end of
the study compared to the baseline. While the patients in the placebo and simple oxymel groups displayed
further increase in the level of FBG or PPBG, administration of C. spinosa oxymel inhibited the
progression of hyperglycemia. Nevertheless, there was not a significant difference between placebo
and intervention groups regarding HbA1c at the end of the study. C. spinosa oxymel had no significant
effect on the serum cholesterol but inhibited the progression of hypertriglyceridemia during the study.
There were no significant changes in creatinine, microalbuminuria, AST, ALT, and ALP values following
C. spinosa treatment, suggesting that it had no unwanted effects on kidney and liver function.

Conclusion:
The results suggest that although C. spinosa oxymel cannot enhance the effects of hypoglycemic
and hypolipidemic drugs, it can prevent further increase of blood glucose and triglycerides in
patients with poorly controlled diabetes.
Testicular Injury Attenuated by Rapamycin Through Induction of Autophagy and Inhibition of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Streptozotocin- Induced Diabetic Rats
Authors: Shi Wenjiao , Guo Zhixin , Yuan Ruixia 
Published: January 2019

Background and Objective:
This study investigated whether rapamycin has a protective
effect on the testis of diabetic rats by regulating autophagy, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and oxidative
stress.

Methods:
Thirty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups: control, diabetic,
and diabetic treated with rapamycin, which received gavage of rapamycin (2mg.kg-1.d-1) after induction
of diabetes. Diabetic rats were induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ,
65mg.Kg-1). All rats were sacrificed at the termination after 8 weeks of rapamycin treatment. The testicular
pathological changes were determined by hematoxylin and eosin staining. The protein or
mRNA expression of autophagy-related proteins (Beclin1, microtubule-associated protein light chain 3
(LC3), p62), ER stress marked proteins (CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein (C/EBP) homologous protein
(CHOP), caspase-12), oxidative stress-related proteins (p22phox, nuclear factor erythroid2-related
factor 2 (Nrf2)) and apoptosis-related proteins (Bax, B cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2)) were assayed by
western blot or real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR.

Results:
There were significant pathological changes in the testes of diabetic rats. The expression of
Beclin1, LC3, Nrf2, Bcl-2 were significantly decreased and p62, CHOP, caspase12, p22phox, and Bax
were notably increased in the testis of diabetic rats (P <0.05). However, rapamycin treatment for 8
weeks significantly reversed the above changes in the testis of diabetic rats (P <0.05).

Conclusion:
Rapamycin appears to produce a protective effect on the testes of diabetic rats by inducing
the expression of autophagy and inhibiting the expression of ER-stress, oxidative stress, and apoptosis.
A contratação em regime especial de direito administrativo (REDA) e seu impacto nas condições de trabalho docente: o caso dos professores do estado da Bahia
Authors: Silva Junior Jorge Adriano da , Oliveira Isabela Fadul de 
Published: January 2019

O presente estudo tem por objetivo analisar o fenômeno da contratação temporária em Regime Especial de Direito Administrativo – REDA de docentes na Rede Pública de Ensino do Estado da Bahia. Buscou-se compreender a criação da espécie de contratação temporária no âmbito das transformações ocorridas no mundo do trabalho a partir da década de 1970, com a crise do capitalismo global e a reforma neoliberal e gerencial do Estado brasileiro. Em seguida, procurou-se analisar a estrutura normativa que regulamenta o REDA, sendo um regime especial de contratação de servidores públicos pela Administração Pública direta e indireta, sem a realização de concurso público, com vínculo temporário e em hipótese excepcionais, para desempenho de função pública. Os resultados evidenciam que os professores contratados em Regime Especial de Direito Administrativo não possuem os mesmos direitos que os docentes em regime estatutários, não gozando de estabilidade profissional, nem tendo acesso ao plano de carreira e nem aos demais benefícios historicamente associados ao magistério público, além de vivenciarem constante incerteza profissional, sendo que essa espécie de contratação temporária tem se tornado prática constante na Administração Pública baiana, desvirtuando a natureza excepcional da medida e aprofundando a precarização das condições de trabalho dos professores submetidos a este regime de contratação.
POLYMORPHIC TRANSFORMATION OF TITANIUM DIOXIDE CAUSED BY HEAT TREATMENT OF PROTONIC LEPIDOCROCITE TITANATE
Authors: Sutrisno Hari , Sunarto Sunarto 
Published: January 2019

The polymorphic phases of titanium dioxide were successfully prepared by heat treatments of protonic lepidocrocite titanate, H0.54Ti1.8650.135O4·0.5H2O at various temperatures. The prepared powders were characterized with EDX (Energy Dispersive X-ray), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-rays Diffractometer (XRD), Raman Spectroscopy, and High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HRTEM). The effect of calcination temperature on the phase structure and morphology of the heated samples was investigated. The research indicated that the protonic titanate, H0.54Ti1.8650.135O4·0.5H2O ( = vacancy), lost the interlayer water by being heated up to 200 °C to produce a dehydrated phase, H0.54Ti1.8650.135O4. Above 300 °C, the dehydrated phase, H0.54Ti1.8650.135O4, completely transformed to TiO2(B) and anatase was obtained as pure phase at 600 °C. The phase transformed as the following process: H0.54Ti1.8650.135O4·0.5H2O ® H0.54Ti1.8650.135O4·0.25H2 ® H0.54Ti1.8650.135O4 ® TiO2(B) ® TiO2-anatase. Keywords: layered compound, titanium dioxide, lepidocrocite, phase transformation, heat treatment
DEVELOPMENT OF FLOW INJECTION METHOD FOR ONLINE DETERMINATION OF THIOCYANATE BASED ON OXIDATION BY PERMANGANATE
Authors: Sulistyarti Hermin , Kolev Spas D. , Lim Stephanie 
Published: January 2019

The importance of developing method for thiocyanate becomes obvious, because thiocyanate can inhibit iodine uptake of thyroid gland leading to mumps disease. In this work, thiocyanate is oxidized by permanganate in the acid donor stream to cyanide, which is directly converted to hydrogen cyanide. Then, hydrogen cyanide diffuses through a Teflon membrane into acceptor stream containing nickel(II) in ammoniacal buffer to form tetracyanonickelate(II) which is detected spectrophotometrically at 267 nm. Analytical figures of merit were linear up to 50 mg L-1 for thiocyanate, with RSD of 1.34%, and detection limit of 0.07 mg L-1, respectively. Interfering anions were eliminated under stoichiometric amount of permanganate and sample throughput was 20 h-1. The method was validated for determining thiocyanate samples from synthetic and gold process waters with satisfactory results. Keywords: Thiocyanate, flow injection, permanganate, spectrophotometry
UGONIN J FLAVONOID FROM TUNJUK LANGIT (<i>Helminthostachys zeylanica</i> Linn.) ROOT EXTRACT
Authors: Fitrya Fitrya , Anwar Lenny , Eliza Eliza , Muharni Muharni 
Published: January 2019

A flavonoid compound was isolated from dried rihzomes of tunjuk langit (Helminthostachis zaylanica Lin), a traditional medicine from South Sumatera, Indonesia. Extraction was done by maceration methode and separation of isolated compound was conducted by chromatographic technique. The structure of this compound was determined base on spectroscopic data such as including UV, IR, 1-D, 2-D NMR, and comparison with the reported data. Based on spectral data analysis, concluded that isolated compound was Ugonin J (5,7,3',4'-tetrahydroxy-6-(6,6-dimethyil-2-methylenecyclo-hexylmethyl)flavone). Keywords: Flavonoid, Ugonin J, Helmintohostacys zaylanica
ANTICANCER ACTIVITY OF CALANONE ON HeLa CELL LINE
Authors: Ekowati Heny , Astuti Indwiani , Mustofa Mustofa 
Published: January 2019

Calanone (coumarin derivate compound), isolated from Calophyllum sp. had been shown to have cytotoxic activity on leukemia L1210 cell line with IC50 = 59.40 mg/mL. Calanone presumed have anticancer activity on HeLa cervical carcinoma cell. This study was conducted to investigate the cytotoxic and apoptotic activity of calanone and its effect to p53 and p21 expression on HeLa cervical carcinoma cell. Cytotoxic assay of calanone was performed on HeLa cell line, using MTT assay. Apoptotic assay was performed on HeLa cell line incubated with calanone for 24 h, by immunofluororescence method, using fluorochromes ethidium bromide and acridine orange. Expression of p53 was examined on HeLa cell line, by PCR with p53 wild-type primer. Expression of p21 was examined on HeLa cell line, by immunohistochemistry method. 5-fluorourasil was used as positive control in cytotoxic, apoptotic assay, and p53 expression. The result showed that calanone has cytotoxic activity on HeLa cell line, with IC50 = 22.887 mg/mL, caused cytotoxicity through apoptotic mechanism, increase p53 tumor suppressor gene expression, while the p21 expression test showed a negative result. Keywords: Calanone, cytotoxic, HeLa cell line
MUTATION ON WD DIPEPTIDE MOTIFS OF THE p48 SUBUNIT OF CHROMATIN ASSEMBLY FACTOR-1 CAUSING VIABILITY AND GROWTH OF DT40 CHICKEN B CELL LINE
Authors: Ahmad Ahyar , Karim Harningsih 
Published: January 2019

Chromatin assembly factor-1 (CAF-1), a protein complex consisting of three subunits, p150, p60, and p48, is highly conserved from yeast to humans and facilitated nucleosome assembly of newly replicated DNA. The p48 subunit, CAF-1p48 (p48), with seven WD (Trp-Asp) repeat motifs, is a member of the WD protein family. The immunoprecipitation experiment revealed that ß-propeller structure of p48 was less stringent for it's binding to HDAC-1, but more stringent for its binding to both histones H4 and CAF-1p60 but not to ASF-1, indicating that the proper ß-propeller structure of p48 is essential for the binding to these two proteins histone H4 and CAF-1p60. Complementation experiments, involving missense and truncated mutants of FLAG-tagged p48, revealed that mutations of every of seven WD dipeptide motifs, like both the N-terminal and C-terminal truncated mutations, could not rescue for the tet-induced lethality. These results indicate not only that p48 is essential for the viability of vertebrate cells, although the yeast p48 homolog is nonessential, but also that all the seven WD dipeptide motifs are necessary for the maintenance of the proper structure of p48 that is fundamentally important for cell viability. Keywords: Chromatin assembly factor-1, complementation experiments, viability
INTEGRATED GAS-LIQUID SEPARATOR-REACTOR FOR DETERMINATION Sn(II) AT TRACE LEVELS IN SOLUTION
Authors: Panggabean A. Sentosa , Amran M. Bachri , Buchari Buchari , Pasaribu Subur P. 
Published: January 2019

The determination of Sn(II) ion at trace levels using integrated gas-liquid separator-reactor with hydride generation-quartz furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometer (HG-QFAAS) has been done. This modified gas-liquid separator at various sizes was able to increase sensitivity in the determination of Sn(II) in solution. The acid reagent mixing techniques, sample and reductant optimally occurs in a coil reaction before they are going to the gas-liquid separators. The optimum conditions of parameter measurement in the determination of Sn ion with HG method are influenced by type and concentration of acid, and the concentration of reductant has been evaluated. This optimum parameters can increase of analytical performance simultantly, which is shown by detection limit 3.74 mg L-1 for 100 mL injection volume (3.74 pg Sn). The accuracy of measurement shown by the % recovery of the Sn determination in natural water sample at > 95%, indicate this technique is good to be applied for tin analysis at picogram level. Keywords: Sn, hydride generation, gas-liquid reactor separator, QFAAS