bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Head Trauma Exposure in Mixed Martial Arts Varies According to Sex and Weight Class
Authors: Follmer Bruno , Dellagrana Rodolfo Andre , Zehr E. Paul 
Published: February 2019

Background: Brain injury arising from head trauma is a major concern in mixed martial arts (MMA) because knockout (KO) and technical knockout (TKO) are frequent fight outcomes. Previous studies have shown a high incidence of matches ending due to strikes to the head but did not consider weight categories and female fights. This study aimed at analyzing match stoppages in MMA and the exposure to head trauma distinguished by sex and weight categories. Hypothesis: The heavier the weight class, the greater the risk and incidence of head trauma will be, regardless of sex. Study Design: Descriptive epidemiology study. Level of Evidence: Level 3. Methods: Publicly available data of 167 MMA events from 1903 fights between 2014 and 2017 were assessed, comprising 8 male and 2 female weight categories. Results: The combined KO/TKO rates per 100 athlete-exposures in the middleweight (19.53), light heavyweight (20.8), and heavyweight (26.09) divisions were greater than previously reported for MMA. While stoppage via KO/TKO occurred in 7.9% of combats in the female strawweight division, it occurred in 52.1% of the male heavyweight fights. The male middleweight ( P = 0.001), light heavyweight ( P < 0.001), and heavyweight divisions ( P < 0.001) had an increased risk of KO/TKO due to strikes to the head by 80%, 100%, and 206%, respectively. The risk in the flyweight division decreased 62% ( P = 0.001). All categories were compared with the lightweight division. The female bantamweight category presented a 221% increased risk in matches ending due to KO/TKO compared with the strawweight division ( P = 0.012). Punches to the head were the major technique used to end a combat via KO/TKO, regardless of sex and weight class. Conclusion: Head injury risk and incidence varies considerably according to sex and weight category in MMA. Clinical Relevance: The analysis of head trauma exposure in MMA athletes should be distinguished according to sex and weight category.
The 1470 nm diode laser with an intralesional fiber device: a proposed solution for the treatment of inflamed and infected keloids
Authors: Li Ke , Nicoli Fabio , Xi Wen Jing , Zhang Zheng , Cui Chunxiao , Al-Mousawi Ahmed , Balzani Alberto , Tong Yun , Zhang Yixin 
Published: February 2019

Abstract

Background
Keloids are the result of abnormal wound healing and often are subject to infections and recurrent inflammation. We present a study conducted with a 1470 nm diode laser using an intralesional optical fiber device for the treatment of inflamed keloid scars. We evaluate its efficacy as a novel alternative method to decrease keloid infection and inflammation.

Methods
The patients who underwent 1470 nm laser treatment from February 2016 to February 2018 at the plastic and reconstructive surgery department of the Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University with keloid accompanying serious local infection and fester were included. Patients took curative effect evaluation before and 1 year after the treatment. The test items included infection frequency in each year; pain, by visual analogue scale (VAS); itch, using VAS; quality of life (QOL), using QOL scale; and blood supply, using PeriCam PSI.

Results
A total of 19 patients (mean age 35.21 years, range 11–66) with history of inflamed keloids with episodes of infection or abscess were enrolled. Patients underwent to a 1470 nm laser therapy for average of 1.16 times. After treatment, infection frequency and blood supply in keloids were reduced (p &lt; 0.001). Pain, itching, and QOL were improved (p &lt; 0.001).

Conclusion
The present study shows that 1470 nm fiber laser treatment could improve inflamed keloids fairly well by decreasing inflammation, and a relative stabilization of collagen composition. Therefore, it is an effective minimally invasive scar therapy, but further studies are essential to confirm the present results.
Optimizing the use of digital sensors (non-invasive) for early detection of risk factors for recurrent stroke to improve quality of care: A systematic review
Authors: Kariasa I Made , Nurachmah Elly , Setyowati Setyowati , Koestoer Raldi Artono 
Published: February 2019

Background: Improving awareness in patients with stroke to detect risk factors of recurrent stroke has recently become a major challenge for all health professionals in preventing recurrence among stroke survivors. Utilization of advanced technology, such as digital sensors, (a non-invasive device) is among the breakthroughs in detecting the risk of disease and promotes more effective prevention and improves quality of care. This study aims to conduct a systematic review on studies addressing early detection of the risk factors of recurrent stroke through the utilization of digital sensors. Methods: A literature search was carried out on articles published between 2011 - 2018 on EBSCO, Elsevier, Science Direct, ProQuest, Springer link, PubMed, MEDLINE, PLoS, and the Journal of Community Nursing. The search identified quantitative research studies on the utilization of digital sensors in cases of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterolemia, and cardiac disorders that contributed to stroke recurrence. Each study’s bias was assessed using Review Manager 5. Results: Ten articles were analyzed through data extraction. Robust assessment of independent risk factors which provoke recurrent stroke such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterolemia, and heart diseases could lead to conservation of health resources. It is very important to monitor these factors. With the development of technology, the potential use of non-invasive monitoring for hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterolemia, and heart diseases as risk factors for recurrent stroke events is considered effective because it is easy, simple, low cost, sensitive, and does not cause additional suffering for patients. Conclusion: A practical and non-invasive method for early detection and monitoring of risk factors may reduce the risk of stroke recurrence among stroke survivors.
A new set of Sheffer–Bell polynomials and logarithmic numbers
Authors: Bretti Gabriella , Natalini Pierpaolo , Ricci Paolo Emilio 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
In a recent paper, we have introduced new sets of Sheffer and Brenke polynomial sequences based on higher order Bell numbers. In this paper, by using a more compact notation, we show another family of exponential polynomials belonging to the Sheffer class, called, for shortness, Sheffer–Bell polynomials. Furthermore, we introduce a set of logarithmic numbers, which are the counterpart of Bell numbers and their extensions.
Effectiveness of BPSK Modulation With Peak Noise Avoidance Algorithm in Smart Street Lighting Communications Based on PLC
Authors: Kiedrowski Piotr , Marciniak Tomasz , Lutowski Zbigniew , Zabłudowski Łukasz 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
This work reports the measurement results of long-terms tests obtained in real smart street lighting LV networks and in lab test bed. The measurements results are presented in the form of PER vs. SNR characteristics for BPSK coded and BPSK coded with peak noise avoidance algorithm. The surprising results obtained from real LV networks prompted the Authors to carry out detailed lab tests. The setup for lab tests is also presented in this work. To carry out lab tests a suitable software was prepared, it allowed to obtain results in 72 times shorter time comparing to real conditions; it is why this work can present characteristics of PER vs. SNR even for the values of PER at the level of 10−9. The work concludes with disadvantages of using the peak noise avoidance algorithm in PLC communication for smart street lighting.
Railway Sign Power Line As Transmission Medium for Narrowband PLC
Authors: Kiedrowski Piotr , Saganowski Łukasz , Marchewka Adam 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
This work shows transmission parameters of specific power line, which is control cable used for supplying a railway sign. Two transmission parameters are considered, namely: attenuation and characteristic impedance, these two secondary parameters are calculated from primary parameters i.e. R, L and C. Primary parameters and their components were calculated if they depended on the frequency or were taken from producers notes. Analysis was done for the frequency in range from 50 kHz up to 100 kHz. Two types of cables were analysed, as extreme cases, first with the 1 mm2 solid conductors cable and second with the 1.5 mm2 19 strands conductors. Knowing the PLC modem transmission parameters together with the transmission parameters of the railway sign power line it is possible to calculate the capabilities of the communication system e. g. distance or maximum bit rate.
An inverse dipole source problem in inhomogeneous media: Application to the EEG source localization in neonates
Authors: Darbas Marion , Diallo Mohamadou Malal , El Badia Abdellatif , Lohrengel Stephanie 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
In this paper we present some aspects of an inverse source problem in an elliptic equation with varying coefficients, using partial Dirichlet boundary measurements.
A uniqueness result is established for dipolar sources including their number. Additionally, assuming the number of dipoles known, a stability result is obtained
and an efficient numerical identification method is developed. Finally, numerical experiments illustrate the effectiveness of the approach and a discussion is given on
electroencephalography (EEG) in neonates.
Neuroendocrine differentiation of prostatic adenocarcinoma – an important cause for castration-resistant disease recurrence
Authors: Morais Cátia Iracema , Lobo João , Barreto João P. , Lobo Cláudia , Gonçalves Nuno D. 
Published: February 2019

Abstract

Background
Neuroendocrine differentiation of prostatic carcinoma is a rare entity associated with metastatic castration-resistant disease. Among useful biomarkers of neuroendocrine differentiation, chromogranin A, serotonin, synaptophysin and neuron-specific enolase stand out, while total prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels are often low or undetectable.

Case presentation
We report a case of prostatic adenocarcinoma recurrence after a 6-year disease-free follow-up, in which increased serum chromogranin A levels and undetectable total PSA provided a prompt indication of neuroendocrine transformation, confirmed through immunohistochemical evaluation.

Conclusions
Neuroendocrine differentiation is a relevant cause of prostatic adenocarcinoma recurrence, and awareness of this entity is crucial due to its underdiagnosis and adverse prognosis.
Population trends and diversification of breeding habitats of Peregrine Falcon (Falco peregrinus) in the Czech Republic since 1990
Authors: Beran Václav , Vrána Josef , Horal David 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
The population of the Peregrine Falcon (Falco peregrinus) in the Czech Republic recovered from a nearly total extinction during the 1960s and 1980s (0­3 breeding pairs) and the first successful breeding after this interval was confirmed in 1995. The increase of the population size accelerated after 2000 and it is still growing despite the limited amount of suitable natural breeding opportunities. There were 89 known pairs in 2016, 70 of them were proven to breed with altogether at least 121 reared young. Several breeding attempts on historical buildings in city­centres were recorded up to 2002 (in Prague and Pilsen), but this breeding habitat was abandoned later. More and more pairs are nowadays breeding on industrial buildings. The first breeding on a power plant chimney, 300m above the ground was discovered in 2010. Moreover, 16 breeding pairs were found on industrial buildings in 2016 (mainly tall chimneys or cooling towers and power­plant buildings), all of them breeding in nest boxes. The colonization of industrial buildings started in western part of the Czech Republic and continues eastwards every year. Currently, the easternmost colonized building is in Mladá Boleslav. We have no recent tree­breeding pairs and all eight published historical cases are at least doubtful. Most of the observed Peregrines ringed abroad came from Germany, indicating a strong influence of German population on restoration of the population in the Czech Republic. Within these recoveries, some of Peregrines were released in the tree­breeding population restoration project in Germany and Poland, but all these birds bred on rocks.
Migratory movements of Peregrine Falcons Falco peregrinus, breeding on the Yamal Peninsula, Russia
Authors: Sokolov Vasiliy , Sokolov Aleksandr , Dixon Andrew 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
We describe the migration pathways of 12 Peregrine Falcons Falco peregrinus calidus breeding on the Yamal Peninsula, Russia. Overall, we tracked 30 complete (17 autumn and 13 spring) and 5 incomplete seasonal migration routes. Winter ranges extended from the Atlantic coast of southern Portugal in the west to Kish Island in the Arabian Gulf in the east, and from Krasnodar in southern Russia in the north to South Sudan. Eight birds were tracked to their wintering sites, with migration pathways ranging from 3,557 km to 8,114 km, taking 14 to 61 days to complete. Birds spent an average of 190 days in their winter ranges (range 136 to 212 days, N = 14), and departure on spring migration took place in April. The home ranges used by wintering Peregrines were varied including coastal habitats, agricultural landscapes, savannah, desert and an urban city. Departure from breeding areas took place in September with birds returning in May. Peregrines exhibited a high degree of fidelity to their winter ranges, with four birds tracked over three successive migrations until the 2012 breeding season.
Foam rubber from centrifuged and creamed latex
Authors: Suksup Rungrassamee , Sun Yu , Sukatta Udomlak , Smitthipong Wirasak 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
The main aim of this work is to produce foam rubber using the Dunlop process from in-house creamed latex and compare it with commercial centrifuged latex. The dry rubber content of creamed latex is higher than that of fresh natural latex and traditional centrifuged latex. The creaming agent plays a major role during the preparation of foam rubber and therefore defines the density as well as the elastic and mechanical properties of the final product. Scanning electron microscopy images show lower porosity in rubber foam made from creamed latex compared to that from centrifuged latex. This methodology should have a highly positive impact on the rubber community in both upstream and downstream rubber industries.
Hyperpolarization-activated and cyclic nucleotide-gated channel proteins as emerging new targets in neuropathic pain
Authors: He Jin-Ting , Li Xiao-Yan , Zhao Xin , Liu Xiaoliang 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Hyperpolarization-activated and cyclic nucleotide-gated (HCN) channels are activated during hyperpolarization, and there is an inward flow of current, which is termed as hyperpolarization-activated current, Ih. Initially, these channels were identified on the pacemaker cells of the heart. Nowadays, these are identified on different regions of the nervous system, including peripheral nerves, dorsal root ganglia, dorsal horns, and different parts of the brain. There are four different types of HCN channels (HCN1–HCN4); however, HCN1 and HCN2 are more prominent. A large number of studies have shown that peripheral nerve injury increases the amplitude of Ih current in the neurons of the spinal cord and the brain. Moreover, there is an increase in the expression of HCN1 and HCN2 protein channels in peripheral axons and the spinal cord and brain regions in experimental models of nerve injury. Studies have also documented the pain-attenuating actions of selective HCN inhibitors, such as ivabradine and ZD7288. Moreover, certain drugs with additional HCN-blocking activities have also shown pain-attenuating actions in different pain models. There have been few studies documenting the relationship of HCN channels with other mediators of pain. Nevertheless, it may be proposed that the HCN channel activity is modulated by endogenous opioids and cyclo-oxygenase-2, whereas the activation of these channels may modulate the actions of substance P and the expression of spinal N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subunit 2B to modulate pain. The present review describes the role and mechanisms of HCN ion channels in the development of neuropathic pain.
Location and Length Measurement of Invisible Fatigue Crack in Metal Components Using Wave Mixing Methods
Authors: Mao Hanling , Zhang Yuhua , Li Xinxin , Huang Zhenfeng , Mao Hanying , Qin Xiaoqian , Huang Yingxiang , Zhu Wanying , Wang Bang 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
For the invisible fatigue crack embedded in metal components, wave mixing methods are applied for the fatigue crack location and length measurement. When two incident waves meet within a component, a nonlinear interaction occurs and a third wave is generated, which is related to the damage degree of the meeting position of the two incident waves. When the delay time of incident waves changed in collinear wave mixing experiments, different meeting positions along the length direction of components were detected. The relationship between the sideband amplitude at difference or sum frequencies and delay time is obtained, and the delay time corresponding to the maximum amplitude is applied to locate the fatigue crack along the length direction. Then, adjusting the placing locations of transducers in the noncollinear wave mixing experiment, the meeting position of incident waves is controlled at the fatigue crack decided by the collinear wave mixing experiment. Next, changing the separation distance of two transmitters, the detection positions would be along the vertical direction of the components. The mixing nonlinear parameters of different detection positions are calculated, and the length of the fatigue crack can be measured in a vertical direction based on the distribution of the mixing nonlinear parameter.
Acoustic Absorption Analysis and Modeling of Asphalt Mixtures
Authors: Hassan Wahid , Kassem Emad , Al-Assi Mohammad , Sirin Okan , Ohiduzzaman Md. 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Highway traffic noise is a major environmental issue all over the world. This is particularly annoying to residents who live nearby major transportation corridors. Noise pollution adversely affects the quality of their life. It also causes sleep disturbance and anxiety. The most commonly used noise abatement technique is the use of noise barrier walls, which is costly and not always effective. Reducing the tire–pavement noise at the source is a viable alternative to cut down the noise level. This study examined the use of an impedance tube to measure the acoustic absorption of asphalt mixtures in the laboratory. The effect of various parameters on the acoustic absorption was investigated including aggregate gradation, aggregate type, binder type, percent air voids, and specimen thickness. In addition, factors that could affect the acoustical performance of asphalt mixtures after pavement construction were also investigated including air void structure, surface texture, temperature, and surface conditions. Percent air voids and layer thickness were found to have a significant influence on the acoustic absorption of asphalt mixtures. An analytical model was proposed to estimate the acoustic absorption coefficient of asphalt mixtures during the design stage. A good correlation was found between predicted and measured absorption coefficients in the laboratory. In addition, a double-layer system of asphalt mixtures was found to be effective in providing improved acoustical performance that overcomes the issues associated with the use of open-graded friction course as a wearing surface.
A New Autonomous Program Customized for Computing Surface Cracks in an Unsaturated Soil in a 1-D Column
Authors: Anangsha A. , Gadi Vinay Kumar , Bordoloi Sanandam , Kothapalli Sai Krishna , Sreedeep S. , Guoxiong Mei , Garg Ankit 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
The quantification of soil surface cracks is important, as it is useful in analyzing water infiltration and overall water balance in any green infrastructure, such as slopes, agricultural fields, green roofs, etc. In previously reported studies, the approaches for quantifying cracks mainly used manual processing of images through the public domain image analysis tool ImageJ. Such software is not customized for quantifying cracks in an unsaturated soil surface, as this results in relatively higher noise (i.e., lower resolution) in the processed image. Furthermore, manual processing makes processing of images in large quantities (usually captured through unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) surveying) cumbersome. This technical note introduces an autonomous novel image analysis method for characterizing surface crack patterns that develop in unsaturated soils. A simple experimental setup was developed using a 1-D column containing red soil. The soil was compacted by hand to the desired state of compaction and placed in an environment-controlled chamber where it was allowed to dry. A series of images of the soil sample was captured using a commercially available camera model (Canon EOS 700D) to have photographic representation of the cracking process. A step-by-step strategy using a script coded in Python was developed to analyze the images captured during the laboratory tests. It outlines how image analysis can be automated to remove observer-dependent subjectivity (involved in manual processing of images) and introduces reproducibility of results. In addition, it effectively quantifies cracks in unsaturated soils with a much lower processing time and higher accuracy (less noise).
Lean manufacturing: 5 s y TPM, herramientas de mejora de la calidad. Caso empresa metalmecánica en Cartagena, Colombia
Authors: Carrillo Landazábal Martha Sofía , Alvis Ruiz Carmen Giarma , Mendoza Álvarez Yaniris Yaneth , Cohen Padilla Harold Enrique 
Published: February 2019

Todo proceso de mejora continua debe promover que las condiciones de trabajo se presenten de manera que los retrasos, las pérdidas de operatividad o cualquier fallo se reduzcan paulatinamente, de modo que el aprovechamiento de los recursos esté lo más cercano a lo óptimo posible. Es por ello que se ha trazado como objetivo primordial en este estudio establecer una propuesta de implementación de lean manufacturing por medio del uso de herramientas de producción esbelta y de confiabilidad de procesos, de modo que se promueva la búsqueda del beneficio mutuo en el aprovechamiento de oportunidades de mejora y optimización de recursos y procesos. Para tal hecho, se hicieron mediciones del sistema actual versus el propuesto o mejorado de manera que se facilitara la operación, el manejo de las rutinas de trabajo, el ambiente físico de las instalaciones y se elevara la motivación de todos en la empresa. Este tipo de investigación se presenta de manera descriptiva diseñado con base a las herramientas lean manufacturing como las cinco eses (5 s) y herramientas de mantenimiento en confiabilidad a través de sus conceptos y del uso del software Weibull ++6.