bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Globally Exponential Synchronization of Delayed Complex Dynamic Networks With Average Impulsive Delay‐Gain
Authors: Gao Kangping , Wang Yishu , Lu Jianquan , Kurths Jürgen 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTIn this article, we investigate globally exponential synchronization problems in delayed complex dynamic networks (DCDNs) characterized by both time‐varying impulsive delay and gain (TIDG). Our research is grounded on the Halanay inequality, which serves as the keystone of our analysis. Adopting the method of average impulsive delay‐gain (AIDG), we formulate criteria for globally exponential synchronization dependent on the overall impulsive disturbances. Our criteria reveal the negative effect of AIDG on synchronization, which hinders the synchronization process. Additionally, we refine the concept of average impulsive gain to enhance its applicability. Furthermore, our results demonstrate that even in the simultaneous presence of desynchronizing and synchronizing impulses, along with time‐varying impulsive delays, DCDNs are able to maintain the original synchronization under appropriate conditions, irrespective of whether the average impulsive interval is finite or not. Finally, we validate our theoretical findings by applying them to network examples.
Interface Engineering by Molecular Layer Deposition on Polymer Membrane for Selective Ion Transport
Authors: Mani Agnes Maria , Baghel Niranjan Singh , Mukherjee Saurabh , Samanta Soumen , Sarkar Shaibal K. , Chaudhury Sanhita 
Published: December 2024

AbstractMolecular layer deposition (MLD) of ethylene glycol‐alucone (EG‐alucone) on the Nafion cation exchange membrane is investigated to understand its impact on the morphology of the composite and consequent enhancement of ion transport selectivity. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, Density functional theory, and Doppler broadening positron annihilation spectroscopy are comprehensively employed to examine the morphology of the composite, particularly the engineered interface between EG‐alucone and Nafion. These studies reveal the diffusion and subsequent reaction of the Lewis‐acidic trimethyl aluminum precursor with the polymer substrate during MLD. The Al─F bond, thus formed, modifies the well‐defined microstructures of Nafion and creates a distinct hybrid region with size‐based exclusion properties. Post‐MLD hydration partially converts the deposited EG‐alucone to alumina, reshaping the surface morphology and potentially forming a conformal top layer. The positively charged nature of this top layer, along with the steric sieving effect at the EG‐alucone‐polymer interface, contribute to the observed improvement in monovalent ion selectivity (Cs+/Na+ = 1.99 ± 0.08 & Cs+/Ba2+ = 1.50 ± 0.05) without significantly compromising membrane conductivity. A three‐layer model of the composite membrane, supported by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and radiotracer‐based transport measurements, elucidates the structure‐property relationship responsible for the observed selective ion transport.
Interface Electron Transfer Direction‐Tuned Urea Electrooxidation Over Multi‐Interface Nickel Sulfide Heterojunctions
Authors: Guo Xingyu , Li Yu , Xu Zhengrong , Liu Deng , Kong Aiguo , Liu Rui 
Published: December 2024

AbstractHydrogen can be produced by electrolyzing urea aqueous solution under smaller overpotentials, owing to the lower thermodynamic potential of urea oxidation reaction (UOR) at anode than oxygen evolution reaction (OER). The efficient and selective electrocatalysts for UOR are crucial to achieve this. Herein, two NiS‐based NiS/Ni3S2 and NiS/NiS2 heterojunctions with Ni cores embedding in nitrogen‐doped carbon nanotubes (NiS/Ni3S2‐ and NiS/NiS2‐Ni@NCNT) are demonstrated as efficient UOR electrocatalysts. The electrocatalytic UOR performance over heterojunctions is efficiently tuned by altering the electron transfer direction on their interfaces. NiS/Ni3S2‐Ni@NCNT with interface electrons transferring from Ni3S2 to NiS, delivers a 10 mA cm−2 UOR current density in 1.0 m KOH with 0.5 m urea at 1.37 V, superior to NiS/NiS2‐Ni@NCNT with the electron transfer direction from NiS to NiS2. Experimental and theoretical calculation results reveal that NiS/Ni3S2 Mott–Schottky heterojunctions facilitate the rapid in situ formation of NiOOH active species by removing electrons of Ni3S2, and also accelerate the adsorption and conversion of urea molecules and key intermediates of *CON2 at its interfaces. This work demonstrates an interface electron transfer direction tuning strategy on heterojunctions for harvesting high‐performance UOR electrocatalysts.
Ligand‐Dependent Intracluster Interactions in Electrochemical CO2 Reduction Using Cu14 Nanoclusters
Authors: Shingyouchi Yamato , Ogami Masaki , Biswas Sourav , Tanaka Tomoya , Kamiyama Maho , Ikeda Kaoru , Hossain Sakiat , Yoshigoe Yusuke , Osborn D. J. , Metha Gregory F. , Kawawaki Tokuhisa , Negishi Yuichi 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) has been extensively studied because it can be leveraged to directly convert CO2 into valuable hydrocarbons. Among the various catalysts, copper nanoclusters (Cu NCs) exhibit high selectivity and efficiency for producing CO2RR products owing to their unique geometric/electronic structures. However, the influence of protective ligands on the CO2RR performance of Cu NCs remains unclear. In this study, it is shown that different thiolate ligands, despite having nearly identical geometries, can substantially affect the electrochemical stability of Cu14 NCs in the CO2RR. Notably, Cu14 NCs protected by 2‐phenylethanethiolate exhibit greater stability and achieve a relatively higher selectivity (≈40%) for formic acid production compared with the cyclohexanethiolate‐protected counterpart. These insights are crucial for designing Cu NCs that are both stable and highly selective, enhancing their efficacy for electrochemical CO2 reduction.
Nitrogen Blowing–Assisted Microsolid‐Phase Extraction for the Determination of BTEX in Environmental Water Samples
Authors: Wang Zichen , Wang Haoxin , Zhao Xuan , Peng Sirui , Liu Chunxiao , Zhao Wenting 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTIn this study, a nitrogen blowing–assisted microsolid‐phase extraction procedure coupled with gas chromatography‐tandem triple quadrupole mass spectrometry was developed for the determination of BTEX from different environmental water samples. This extraction equipment was composed of two filters connected, the connection can be loaded with different adsorption materials, at the same time. Combined with the characteristics of the filter, this equipment could achieve extraction and purification in one step. Factors affecting extraction efficiency were optimized individually, including adsorbent type, nitrogen flow rate, extraction temperature, extraction time, etc. Under the optimized conditions, the calibration curves were found to be linear in the range of 0.01–100 µg/L with correlation coefficients > 0.9958, respectively. The limits of detection (S/N = 3) were in the range of 0.008–0.023 µg/L. The recoveries are between 77.90% and 91.40%, with RSD% lower than 10.4%. The proposed method was simple and fast, integrated extraction and purification, and was suitable for trace analysis of volatile organic compounds.
Die Verteilerstege in Stuttgarts neuem Hauptbahnhof
Authors: Nimführ Dominik , Gepperth Sonja , Schmid Angelika 
Published: December 2024

AbstractDas Bahnprojekt Stuttgart–Ulm (S21) ist das größte Ausbauvorhaben für den öffentlichen Schienenverkehr in Baden‐Württemberg seit dem 19. Jahrhundert. Es umfasst neben dem Neubau von zahlreichen Tunneln und Trassen auch eine komplette Umgestaltung des Eisenbahnknotens Stuttgart: Die Gleise des alten Kopfbahnhofs werden durch einen um 90° gedrehten, unterirdischen Durchgangsbahnhof ersetzt. Dieser wird in großen Teilen durch natürliches Tageslicht beleuchtet, das durch insgesamt 28 Glasaugen in die Bahnsteighalle fällt. Die Glasaugen bilden den oberen Abschluss der sog. Kelchstützen, die ein zentrales Gestaltungselement des neuen Bahnhofs sind. Drei Verteilerstege dienen als Zugangsebene vom historischen Bonatzbau in die neue Bahnsteighalle. Diese Stege sind brückenartige Stahlbetonverbundkonstruktionen, von denen Reisende über Treppen auf die Bahnsteige gelangen. Eine Besonderheit ist, dass die Stege teilweise auf der Trogkonstruktion lagern und teilweise am Schalendach hängen. Aufgrund von Verformungen aus Kriechen und Rissbildung im Beton des Schalendachs muss die Position der Stege mehrfach, planmäßig auch nach Inbetriebnahme des Bahnhofs, nachgestellt werden. Die Verbindungsstege sollen große Verkehrsströme von Reisenden aufnehmen können, gleichzeitig aber auch möglichst filigran sein und den Blick in und durch die neue Bahnsteighalle so wenig wie möglich einschränken. Der vorliegende Beitrag beschreibt die Besonderheiten dieses anspruchsvollen Tragwerks aus Sicht der beteiligten Tragwerksplaner.
Digital Agriculture Innovations in Bangladesh: A Situational Analysis and Pathways for Future Development
Authors: Mohammad Ikhtiar , Dey Nepal C. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTExisting literature indicates the untapped potential of digital agriculture technologies and interventions to revolutionize agricultural development. However, there is a lack of a comprehensive review of the present digital agriculture ecosystem and, therefore, a limited understanding. This study seeks to address that evidence gap by reviewing what has been researched about the current digital agriculture solutions in Bangladesh. The research undertakes a systematic literature review of the use of digital agriculture applications by smallholder farmers and other actors across the agriculture value chain to explore the digitalization and smart farming applications. The manuscript sheds light on opportunities for fostering digital innovations by discussing the accomplished agri‐tech initiatives and challenges associated with those agriculture 4.0 technologies. The findings reveal considerable replications of digital agriculture services by various public, private, and technology companies, underscoring the necessity for more inclusive collaborations among the supply‐side actors for shaping the digital agriculture infrastructure. The article suggests future areas for research probing the impact of available digital agriculture practices and to what extent those are effective in facilitating the agri‐food systems stakeholders.
Optimization of high‐throughput marker systems for genomic prediction in alfalfa family bulks
Authors: Sipowicz Pablo , Murad Leite Andrade Mario Henrique , Fernandes Filho Claudio Carlos , Benevenuto Juliana , Muñoz Patricio , Ferrão L. Felipe V. , Resende Marcio F. R. , Messina C. , Rios Esteban F. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAlfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) is a perennial forage legume esteemed for its exceptional quality and dry matter yield (DMY); however, alfalfa has historically exhibited low genetic gain for DMY. Advances in genotyping platforms paved the way for a cost‐effective application of genomic prediction in alfalfa family bulks. In this context, the optimization of marker density holds potential to reallocate resources within genomic prediction pipelines. This study aimed to (i) test two genotyping platforms for population structure discrimination and predictive ability (PA) of genomic prediction models (G‐BLUP) for DMY, and (ii) explore optimal levels of marker density to predict DMY in family bulks. For this, 160 nondormant alfalfa families were phenotyped for DMY across 11 harvests and genotyped via targeted sequencing using Capture‐seq with 17K probes and the DArTag 3K panel. Both platforms discriminated similarly against the population structure and resulted in comparable PA for DMY. For genotyping optimization, different levels of marker density were randomly extracted from each platform. In both cases, a plateau was achieved around 500 markers, yielding similar PA as the full set of markers. For phenotyping optimization, models with 500 markers built with data from five harvests resulted in similar PA compared to the full set of 11 harvests and full set of markers. Altogether, genotyping and phenotyping efforts were optimized in terms of number of markers and harvests. Capture‐seq and DArTag yielded similar results and have the flexibility to adjust their panels to meet breeders’ needs in terms of marker density.
Is conservative treatment always safe in unifocal clinically T1a/node‐negative papillary thyroid carcinoma?
Authors: Pennestrì Francesco , Procopio Priscilla Francesca , Laurino Antonio , Martullo Annamaria , Santoro Gloria , Gallucci Pierpaolo , Prioli Francesca , Sessa Luca , Rossi Esther Diana , Pontecorvi Alfredo , De Crea Carmela , Raffaelli Marco 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBackgroundManagement of clinically unifocal node‐negative papillary thyroid carcinoma ≤1 cm (PTMC) is controversial with nonsurgical treatment as a potential alternative to thyroid lobectomy (TL). However, conservative strategies, such as active surveillance or thermal ablation, do not allow the evaluation of biological aggressive features or occult lymph node metastases (LNMs), which play a primary role as prognostic factors.MethodsAmong 4216 thyroidectomies for malignancy (between September 2014 and September 2023), TL plus ipsilateral central neck dissection was performed in 203 (4.8%) unifocal N0 PTMCs. Completion thyroidectomy was accomplished in case of positive frozen section examination of removed nodes or within 6 months from index operation in presence of biological aggressive features.ResultsSeventy‐six out of 203 (37.4%) patients were staged pN1a and extranodal extension was detected in 5 (6.6%) patients. At final histology, biological aggressive features, including multifocality, lymphovascular invasion (LVI), extracapsular invasion, tumor aggressive subtypes, and BRAF‐V600E mutation, were detected in 69 (34%), 93 (45.8%), 3 (1.5%), 30 (14.8%), and 7 (3.5%) patients, respectively. A comparative analysis between pN0 and pN1a patients showed younger age (p < 0.001), LVI (p = 0.037), and multifocality (p < 0.001) as risk factors for occult central LNMs. After logistic regression analysis, age (p < 0.001) and multifocality (p < 0.001) were confirmed as independent risk factors for nodal involvement.ConclusionsAlthough most PTMC has been widely defined as indolent disease, a non‐negligible rate of patients may present one or more biologically aggressive features including nodal involvement. Nonsurgical management should be considered with caution to avoid undertreatment especially in the younger population.
A numerical approach to study the energy dissipation effects on Couette–Hartmann flow of a nanoliquid within an asymmetrical channel
Authors: Singh Jitendra Kumar , Mohiuddin Syed , Kolasani Suneetha , Hussain Syed Modassir 
Published: December 2024

Researchers have been conducting experiments to improve heat transfer rates and decrease fuel usage to improve heating system efficiency and reduce expenses. It has been demonstrated that incorporating solid nanoparticles into conventional liquids substantially increases thermal conductivity. This study emphasizes its potential usage in diverse heat exchange systems, including heat exchangers, radiators, and electronic cooling systems, highlighting its possible impact on enhancing thermal management in various engineering and industrial applications. This paper addresses the significance of Joule heating and viscous dissipation on the steady Couette–Hartmann flow of a nanoliquid between an asymmetrical channel having arbitrarily conductive walls and thickness. The generation of Hall current and induced magnetic fields (IMFs) is triggered by the existence of a robust magnetic field. The mathematical model is developed based on the underlying assumptions of energy conservation, momentum, and magnetic induction. The assumed models are represented by a set of interconnected ordinary differential equations that employ a suitable and comparable adjustment. The numerical solution to these equations is evaluated for approximate convergence using the Lobatto‐IIIa‐bvp4c‐solver integrated into the MATLAB software. This solver is constructed by means of a finite difference scheme.The implications of relevant evolving parameters on the velocity field (VF), IMF, nanoliquid temperature field (NTF), surface skin friction (SSF), and mass flow rate (MFR) are investigated. Graphical and tabular representations of the VF, IMF, NTF, SSF, and MFR of nanoliquid at the wall surface are shown for various relevant parameter values. It is quantified that rotation causes suppression in the main flow, which elevates the temperature of the nanoliquid. Heat diffusion causes the temperature to decrease, whereas viscous dissipation causes the nanoliquid temperature to increase. The numerical evaluation that captures the implications of Joule heating and viscous dissipation on the magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) steady Couette–Hartmann flow of a nanoliquid within an asymmetrical channel assuming arbitrarily conductive walls and thickness is the distinguishing feature of this research. In the majority of the research captured in this area, the channel wall is nonconducting or considered to be perfectly conducting for simplicity. However, the arbitrary wall conductance significantly alters the motion‐generated magnetic field, hence velocity and temperature. It is witnessed that the constant for wall conductivity brings growth in the motional IMF along the main flow. This research further investigates several unexplored variables, including wall conductance, energy dissipation, Hall effects, volumetric concentration, and rotation.
Mathematical molding and heat transfer in MHD blood base hybrid nanofluid on a moving extensible surface
Authors: Rehman Ali , Khun Ma Chau , Jan Rashid , Elmasry Yasser 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis work explores the heat transfer properties and mathematical modeling of blood‐based hybrid nanofluid flow on a moving extensible surface in magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) flow. For the first time, this model is treated semi numerical with the influence of viscous dissipation. Blood, a complex biological fluid, is added to the nanoparticles aluminum oxide and copper as a base fluid for the formation of hybrid nanofluid. We formulate the governing partial differential equations assuming laminar, incompressible, and steady‐state flow. Applying the appropriate similarity transformation, a nonlinear system of ODEs is obtained from the recommended system of PDEs. Semi numerical simulations are utilized to analyze the effects of the flow and heat transfer characteristics of the including Eckert number, thermal radiation, magnetic field, couple stress parameter, and volume fraction of nanoparticles. The findings show that the magnetic factor, thermal radiation, and Eckert number significantly increase the rates of heat transfer, furthermore, the velocity field of hybrid nanofluid is decreasing with the increasing of couple stress, magnetic field, and nanoparticles volume friction, while skin friction is increasing with the increasing of couple stress, magnetic field, and nanoparticles volume friction. This work opens up new possibilities for optimizing heat transfer processes in biomedical applications involving blood flow by shedding light on the intricate interactions between surface stretching, hybrid nanofluid properties, and magnetic field effects.
Digital Screen Media Use, Movement Behaviors, and Child Health
Authors: Tremblay Mark S. , Kuzik Nicholas , Biddle Stuart J. H. , Carson Valerie , Chinapaw Mai J. M. , Dumuid Dorothea , Huang Wendy Yajun , Saunders Travis J. , Staiano Amanda E. , Pate Russell R. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This chapter summarizes the associations between children’s digital screen media use (DSMU) and their health, within the 24-h movement behavior framework (physical activities, sedentary behaviors, sleep), provides recommendations for healthy DSMU, and highlights future research directions. Key concepts include behavior displacement, combined associations, and DSMU context and content. Displacement examples include more DSMU decreasing time for healthier behaviors (e.g., physical activity or sleep) or replacing reading books and magazines with DSMU alternatives (e.g., texting, social media). How DSMU affects the relationships between various combinations of movement behaviors and children’s health is largely unknown. Total DSMU is most frequently studied, but a deeper understanding of all movement behaviors requires examining the content and context of DSMUs. Insufficiently examining context and content inhibits a fulsome understanding of the health impact of child DSMU within a 24-h movement paradigm. Measurement limitations include overreliance on self- or proxy-report measures. Preliminary evidence may suggest that high DSMU contributes to an unhealthy movement behavior profile, but DSMU could also contribute to a healthy movement behavior profile (e.g., active video gaming, goal setting apps). Whether and how much DSMU can be part of a healthy combination of physical activities, sedentary behaviors, and sleep requires further study.
Digital Food Marketing and Children’s Health and Well-being
Authors: Harris Jennifer L. , Fleming-Milici Frances , Gearhardt Ashley N. , Grier Sonya , Montgomery Kathryn , Romo-Palafox Maria , Tatlow-Golden Mimi 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Unhealthy food and beverage marketing to children, including adolescents, leads to diet-related negative health outcomes. In recent years, food brands have pioneered highly engaging, rewarding, and targeted digital marketing techniques with enormous youth appeal to reach children online. As with traditional TV advertising, digital marketing primarily promotes unhealthy products and negatively affects children’s food preferences and diets. However, online marketing is often disguised within entertainment content, including games and endorsements by celebrities and popular influencers, spreads virally through peer networks, and takes advantage of adolescents’ unique developmental vulnerabilities, including importance of peers and social status, identity formation, and reward sensitivity and risk taking. Online food marketing also disproportionately targets “multicultural” youth, thus the negative effects may be greater for Black and Hispanic youths who face higher health risks and exposure. Moreover, children’s online behavior is tracked and used to target content and marketing messages, threatening their rights to privacy and freedom from exploitation. Yet, parents, educators, and child health providers have very few options to shield young people from digital marketing exposure and resulting harm, and most food marketing policies only address advertising to children younger than 13 years. Government-sponsored restrictions on digital food marketing and online privacy protections for youth are likely necessary.