bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High incidence of MYC rearrangement in human immunodeficiency virus‐positive plasmablastic lymphoma
Authors: Miao Lanfang , Guo Na , Feng Yanfen , Rao Huilan , Wang Fang , Huang Qitao , Huang Yuhua 
Published: July 2019

AimsMYC rearrangements are the main cytogenetic alterations in plasmablastic lymphoma (PBL). We aimed to investigate the relationship between MYC rearrangement and the clinicopathological features of PBL.Methods and resultsMYC rearrangements assessed in 13 unpublished single‐centre PBL cases, and an additional 85 cases from the literature, with reported MYC rearrangement information individualised by patient, were reviewed. In Asia, PBL was much less commonly diagnosed in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)‐positive patients (27% versus 84%, P = 0.000), with older age (median age at diagnosis: 52 years versus 44 years, P = 0.046) and a lower EBV infection rate (56.8% versus 81.8%, P = 0.049), than in non‐Asian regions. Overall, MYC rearrangements were identified in 44 of 98 (44.9%) PBL cases, and IGH was the partner in almost all available cases (30/31, 96.8%), as confirmed with a MYC–IGH fusion probe. The MYC rearrangement rate in HIV‐positive cases (33/55, 60.0%) was significantly higher than that in HIV‐negative cases (11/38, 28.9%, P = 0.003). Patients with MYC rearrangement showed a trend towards an inferior median survival time (9.6 months versus 15.7 months, P = 0.122) and 2‐year overall survival (17% versus 32%, P = 0.238).ConclusionsMYC rearrangement was frequently identified in PBL patients, and IGH was the partner gene in an overwhelming majority of MYC rearrangements. In addition, the MYC rearrangement rate was significantly higher in HIV‐positive PBL patients than that in HIV‐negative patients. MYC rearrangement may play an important role in the pathogenesis of HIV‐positive PBL, but further studies are required to understand the underlying mechanisms.
Dermoscopy of primary cutaneous B‐ and T‐cell lymphomas and pseudolymphomas presenting as solitary nodules and tumors: a case‐control study with histopathologic correlation
Authors: Navarrete‐Dechent Cristián , del Puerto Constanza , Abarzúa‐Araya Álvaro , Molgó Montserrat , Geller Shamir , Andreani Sebastián , Cury‐Martins Jade , Sanches Jose A. , Montoya Javier , González Sergio , Uribe Pablo 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundPrimary cutaneous lymphomas (PCLs) and pseudolymphomas presenting as single pink‐red nodules/tumors are highly unspecific and include a wide differential diagnosis.ObjectiveTo describe the dermoscopic characteristics of PCL/pseudolymphoma.MethodsIn this retrospective, case‐control study, we evaluated the dermoscopic features of patients with solitary PCL/pseudolymphoma tumors and compared them to a control group of non‐lymphomatous, nonpigmented, solitary tumors (e.g., basal cell carcinoma, amelanotic melanoma, etc).ResultsWe included 14 patients with PCL/pseudolymphomas and 35 controls. T‐cell and B‐cell lymphoma proportions were 28.6% (n = 4) and 71.4% (n = 10), respectively. Compared to controls, most lymphomas presented dermoscopically with orange color (71.4% vs. 14.2%, P < 0.001), follicular plugs (85% vs. 2.8%, P < 0.001), and as organized lesions (85% vs. 31.4%, P = 0.001). Coexistence of orange color and follicular plugs had an odds ratio (OR) of 2.8 (P < 0.001), highly suggestive of PCL . The kappa index for independent observers was 0.66, 0.49, 0.43 for orange background, follicular plugs, and organized lesion, respectively. Histopathologic correlation was performed in six PCL cases and showed dense diffuse and perifollicular lymphocytic infiltrate in all cases and keratin plugs in five of six cases, possibly correlating with the orange color and the follicular plugs, respectively.ConclusionPrimary cutaneous lymphomas/pseudolymphomas present with characteristic dermoscopic findings irrespective of immunohistochemical subtype.
The impact of team‐based learning on students with different self‐regulated learning abilities
Authors: Lin Jian‐Wei 
Published: July 2019

AbstractTeam‐based learning (TBL) stresses applying knowledge rather than absorbing knowledge in class; studies have investigated the use of TBL and its merits in different teaching courses (e.g., medical science and business). TBL is most effective when students learn autonomously before class. However, the ability of autonomous learning is highly associated with the ability of self‐regulated learning (SRL); most importantly, not every student possesses good (or high) SRL ability. Nevertheless, few studies have compared the effectiveness of TBL in students with different SRL abilities. To address this issue, this study analyzed approximately 90 students, whose course teaching involves office application software (Microsoft Excel). This study also developed an online TBL system (called Online TBL) to facilitate performing TBL and to collect the learning behaviours of students with different (high or low) SRL abilities on each TBL stage. The analytical results show that compared with the low‐SRL students, the high‐SRL students were more prepared for class because they spent more reviewing material and had better scores on personal uploaded Excel and Individual Readiness Assurance Test. From the feedback of the peer evaluation, the results also show that the high‐SRL students received more credits than the low‐SRL students did. The questionnaire survey revealed that both low‐SRL and high‐SRL students had a favourable impression of TBL. Further discussion is given to explain the above results.
Enteromius thespesios (Teleostei: Cyprinidae): a new minnow species with a remarkable sexual dimorphism from the south‐eastern part of the Upper Congo River
Authors: Katemo Manda Bauchet , Snoeks Jos , Decru Eva , Bills Roger , Vreven Emmanuel 
Published: July 2019

AbstractA new minnow species, Enteromius thespesios, is described from the south‐eastern part of the upper Congo River; that is, the Kalule Nord, the Luvilombo and the Chambeshi Rivers. Enteromius thespesios belongs to the group of the soft‐rayed species of Enteromius from the Congo Basin; that is, those with a weakly ossified, flexible last unbranched dorsal‐fin ray that lacks serrations along its posterior edge. Within this group, E. thespesios is most similar to E. humeralis, from which it is distinguished by a higher number of circumpeduncular scales and shorter anterior and posterior barbels. Enteromius thespesios is a rheophilic and territorial species. It exhibits a marked sexual dimorphism, with males having: a red band towards the distal edge of dorsal, caudal and, to a lesser degree, anal fin; nuptial tubercles; a longer snout; longer pectoral fins; a shorter anal fin. This study gives extensive consideration to sexual shape differences for a species of Enteromius and also briefly reviews the current knowledge of sexual dimorphism in the species of Enteromius from the Congo Basin. Some conservation issues related to the new species are also highlighted.
Low temperature plasma pretreatment enhances hot‐air drying kinetics of corn kernels
Authors: Li Shuai , Chen Shanshan , Liang Qing , Ma Zhongsu , Han Feng , Xu Yan , Jin Yi , Wu Wenfu 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIn this study, an efficient method for hot‐air drying of corn kernels was developed through a pretreatment of low temperature plasma. Corn kernels after plasma pretreatment were dried at 37.5, 45, and 52.5°C. It was found that the dried samples with plasma pretreatment presented shorter drying time and higher drying rate. After pretreatment power of 500 W for 30 s at 37.5°C, drying time was shortened by a maximum of 21.52%, and the drying rate was increased by 8.15%. The effective moisture diffusivity is in the range of 1.6107 – 1.9962, 2.8454 – 3.3600, 4.3237 – 4.7171 × 10−11m2s−1at drying temperature of 37.5, 45, and 52.5°C. Plasma pretreatment enhances the drying kinetics more effectively with lower activation energy 47.79 kJ mol−1in comparison with 54.82 kJ mol−1for the control group. Atomic force microscopy showed the plasma pretreatment can change the surface topography with some microholes, which explain how the plasma pretreatment can improve the drying process.Practical ApplicationThe low temperature plasma pretreatment can improve the efficiency of corn kernels drying. Furthermore, it has potential application for reducing energy consumption in drying. The low temperature plasma pretreatment can be potentially applied in commercial drying.
Effects of Fumanet exercise on Korean older adults with mild dementia
Authors: Lee Sun Mi , Joung Jaewon , Shin Sung Hee 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAimThis study aimed to examine the effects of Fumanet exercise on cognitive function, walking ability, and depression in older adults with mild dementia.MethodsA quasi‐experimental pre‐ and post‐test design with a non‐equivalent control group was used. Participants were 45 patients with mild dementia (experimental group = 22, control group = 23). In the experimental group, Fumanet exercise was performed 60 minutes per day, once per week for 8 weeks. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t test, Chi‐square, Fisher's exact test, and two‐way repeated measures analysis of variance.ResultsGait ability in the experimental group was significantly improved compared with the control group (F = 9.08, P = .004). There were no significant differences in cognitive function or depression between the experimental and control groups. Although the intervention did not show a reduction in depression, participants exhibited a high participation rate and brighter mood with increasing sessions.ConclusionsIt was confirmed that Fumanet exercise is an effective nursing intervention to improve gait ability among older adults with mild dementia.
The use of noncultured regenerative epithelial suspension for improving skin color and scars: A report of 8 cases and review of the literature
Authors: Ren Jie , Liu Jianlan , Yu Nanze , Zhang Wenchao , Qian Hui , Liu Zhifei , Zhu Ningwen 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundRegenerative Epithelial Suspension can lead to the restoration of wound and repigmentation, which can be gained by ReCell medical device to treat scar and depigmentation diseases.ObjectivesTo report the effectivity of ReCell combined with microdermabrasion in scar and depigmentation diseases and review the literature of this new technology.MethodsWe gave a differential donor⁄recipient ratio of about 1:20‐30 with vitiligo, 1:40 with postburn construction, 1:80 with acne scar, and 1:120 with adult congenital melanocytic nevus, 1:80 with pediatrics, respectively. Photographs of patients before treatment and 3 months following the last treatment session were used to evaluate the effectivity.ResultsA total of 8 patients including vitiligo vulgaris, postburn reconstruction, acne scars, and congenital melanocytic nevi treated by ReCell technology combined with microdermabrasion showed significant improvement in skin texture and color. And 17 studies of the research on ReCell technology were totally included in the systematic review.ConclusionOur investigation showed that Regenerative Epithelial Suspension gained by ReCell technology combined with microdermabrasion may improve scar and depigmentation diseases.
Comparative study of rheological properties and preclinical data of porous polycaprolactone microsphere dermal fillers
Authors: Kim Jin‐Su , In Chang‐Hoon , Park Na‐Jeong , Kim Beom Joon , Yoon Hye‐Sung 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundIn this study, a physical properties test and preclinical evaluation were performed on two polycaprolactone (PCL)‐based dermal filler formulas.ObjectiveThis study was performed to compare the rheological characteristics, preclinical efficacy, and safety of a new PCL filler, SF‐01, with a licensed PCL filler.MethodsFirst, the viscoelasticity of the PCL filler was evaluated. Next, hairless mice were injected with fillers and evaluated for efficacy with a folliscope and PRIMOSLITE. Histological evaluation was conducted for 6 months to evaluate safety.ResultsIn this evaluation, SF‐01 was superior to a licensed PCL filler in initial volume increase rate and in vivo durability, and the migration of the injected filler was not confirmed. The elasticity (G*, G′) and viscosity (G′′) are also expected to be lower than those of a licensed PCL filler, thereby resulting in less foreign body sensation in the living body.ConclusionSF‐01 (porous PCL microsphere–based dermal filler) has been confirmed to be superior in durability and shape retention compared to the licensed PCL filler (nonporous PCL microsphere–based dermal filler), and the in vivo safety is equivalent.
Efficacy of liposome‐encapsulated 4‐n‐butylresorcinol and resveratrol cream in the treatment of melasma
Authors: Kwon Soon‐Hyo , Yang Ji Hoon , Shin Jung‐Won , Park Kyoung‐Chan , Huh Chang‐Hun , Na Jung‐Im 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundsWe previously reported the efficacy of 0.1% 4‐n‐butylresorcinol (4nBR) cream in the treatment melasma and synergistic effect of 4nBR and resveratrol (RSV) to inhibit melanogenesis in vitro.AimsTo evaluate efficacy and safety of a cream which contains liposome‐encapsulated 4nBR and RSV in the treatment of melasma.Patients/MethodsA total of 21 female patients with melasma were treated with the cream for 4 weeks. At baseline, week 2, and week 4, melanin index (MI) of the lesional and preauricular nonlesional skin was measured and two blinded, independent dermatologists assessed the overall severity by 5‐point scale.ResultsThe lesional MI was significantly decreased at weeks 2 and 4 compared with the baseline while no significant change in the nonlesional MI was observed throughout the study. The mean investigator's global assessment score was also significantly improved at weeks 2 and 4. In patient's self‐assessment, 8 (38.1%) and 11 (52.3%) patients answered moderate to significant improvement in their melasma at weeks 2 and 4, respectively. No serious adverse events were reported.ConclusionThe cream containing liposome‐encapsulated 4nBR and RSV was shown to be effective and safe for the treatment of melasma with its effect appearing as early as 2 weeks.
Background selection and FST: Consequences for detecting local adaptation
Authors: Matthey‐Doret Remi , Whitlock Michael C. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackground selection is a process whereby recurrent deleterious mutations cause a decrease in the effective population size and genetic diversity at linked loci. Several authors have suggested that variation in the intensity of background selection could cause variation in FST across the genome, which could confound signals of local adaptation in genome scans. We performed realistic simulations of DNA sequences, using recombination maps from humans and sticklebacks, to investigate how variation in the intensity of background selection affects FST and other statistics of population differentiation in sexual, outcrossing species. We show that, in populations connected by gene flow, Weir and Cockerham's (1984; Evolution, 38, 1358) estimator of FST is largely insensitive to locus‐to‐locus variation in the intensity of background selection. Unlike FST, however, dXY is negatively correlated with background selection. Moreover, background selection does not greatly affect the false‐positive rate in FST outlier studies in populations connected by gene flow. Overall, our study indicates that background selection will not greatly interfere with finding the variants responsible for local adaptation.
Weighing Up Exercises on Phrasal Verbs: Retrieval Versus Trial‐and‐Error Practices
Authors: STRONG BRIAN , BOERS FRANK 
Published: July 2019

AbstractEnglish‐as‐a‐foreign‐language (EFL) textbooks and internet resources exhibit various formats and implementations of exercises on phrasal verbs. The experimental study reported here examines whether some of these might be more effective than others. EFL learners at a university in Japan were randomly assigned to 4 treatment groups. Two groups were presented first with phrasal verbs and their meaning before they were prompted to retrieve the particles from memory. The difference between these 2 retrieval groups was that 1 group studied and then retrieved items 1 at a time, while the other group studied and retrieved them in sets. The 2 other groups received the exercises as trial‐and‐error events, where participants were prompted to guess the particles and were subsequently provided with the correct response. One group was given immediate feedback on each item, while the other group tackled sets of 14 items before receiving feedback. The effectiveness of these exercise implementations was compared through an immediate and a 1‐week delayed posttest. The best test scores were obtained when the exercises had served the purpose of retrieval, although this advantage shrank in the delayed posttest (where scores were poor regardless of treatment condition). On average 70% of the posttest errors produced by the learners who had tackled the exercises by trial‐and‐error were duplicates of incorrect responses they had supplied at the exercise stage, which indicates that corrective feedback was often ineffective.
Smokeless tobacco use and oral neoplasia among urban Indian women
Authors: Mishra Gauravi A. , Pimple Sharmila A. , Gupta Subhadra D. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractObjectivesOral cavity cancers are fourth most common cancers among Indian women. The objectives were to create cancer awareness (CA) and screen tobacco‐using women for oral cavity cancers.Materials and methodsA community‐based CA and screening programme was conducted among women in Mumbai, India. The tobacco‐using women participated in CA and oral cavity screening by oral visual inspection (OVI). All screen‐positive women were referred to nodal hospital and assisted for diagnostic confirmation and treatment completion.ResultsTwelve slum clusters comprising of 138,383 population and 13,492 tobacco‐using women have been covered. Among them, 11,895 (88.2%) participated in CA and 11,768 (87.2%) in OVI. A total of 377 (3.2%) women were screened positive, 275 (72.9%) complied with referral and 207 oral precancers [173 leukoplakia, 9 erythroplakia, 3 erythroleukoplakia and 41 sub‐mucus fibrosis (SMF) including 35 women with multiple precancers] and 7 oral cancers were diagnosed. The detection rate of oral precancerous lesions and oral cancers was 17.6 and 0.6 per 1,000 screened women. Thirty‐five women had multiple oral precancerous lesions. The results of multivariate analysis indicate dose–response relationship between tobacco use and risk of oral precancers.ConclusionGood participation rates (>85%) for cancer awareness and OVI were seen among urban slum women in India. Many oral precancer and cancer cases were detected and were managed at the nodal hospital.
Preparing for transition: The effects of a structured transition program on adolescent heart transplant patients’ adherence and transplant knowledge
Authors: Anton Corinne M. , Anton Kristin , Butts Ryan J. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractTransition to adult health care has become a mainstream focus in pediatric health care as a higher percentage of patients are surviving into adulthood. This study investigated the success of a structured educational transition program in improving pediatric heart transplant patients’ overall medical knowledge, medication adherence, readiness to transition, as well as parental perceptions of their child's readiness to transition to aid in the successful transition to an adult heart transplant program. Patients underwent a structured transition program over 2 years that included a total of seven 2‐hour educational sessions hosted quarterly. This study comprised of a retrospective review of 12 heart transplant patients between the ages of 16‐22 years. Test results indicated a statistically significant increase in overall medical knowledge scores from presession assessment compared to post‐session assessment. Participants remained confident in their ability to transition throughout the program. Further, a statistically significant decrease in participant non‐adherence was observed, as percentage of calcineurin inhibitor levels determined to be out of range decreased over the course of the program. Results suggest that a structured transition program is effective in improving overall patient medical knowledge in relation to their heart transplant and enhancing patient medication adherence. To effectively facilitate transition, pediatric providers, caregivers, and patients must communicate to provide a purposeful planned transition experience from pediatric to adult health care.
Misclassification in defining and diagnosing microcephaly
Authors: Kalmin Mariah M. , Gower Emily W. , Stringer Elizabeth M. , Bowman Natalie M. , Rogawski McQuade Elizabeth T. , Westreich Daniel 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundSeveral health agencies define microcephaly for surveillance purposes using a single criterion, a percentile or Z‐score cut‐off for newborn head circumference. This definition, however, conflicts with the reported prevalence of microcephaly even in populations with endemic Zika virus.ObjectiveWe explored possible reasons for this conflict, hypothesising that the definition of microcephaly used in some studies may be incompletely described, lacking the additional clinical criteria that clinicians use to make a formal diagnosis. We also explored the potential for misclassification that can result from differences in these definitions, especially when applying a percentile cut‐off definition in the presence of the much lower observed prevalence estimates that we believe to be valid.MethodsWe conducted simulations under a theoretical bimodal distribution of head circumference. For different definitions of microcephaly, we calculated the sensitivity and specificity using varying cut‐offs of head circumference. We then calculated and plotted the positive predictive value for each of these definitions by prevalence of microcephaly.ResultsSimple simulations suggest that if the true prevalence of microcephaly is approximately what is reported in peer‐reviewed literature, then relying on cut‐off‐based definitions may lead to very poor positive predictive value under realistic conditions.ConclusionsWhile a simple head circumference criterion may be used in practice as a screening or surveillance tool, the definition lacks clarification as to what constitutes true pathological microcephaly and may lead to confusion about the true prevalence of microcephaly in Zika‐endemic areas, as well as bias in aetiologic studies.