bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Meta-analysis of the reduction of antibiotic-sensitive and antibiotic-resistant Escherichia coli as a result of low- and medium-pressure UV lamps
Authors: O'Flaherty Eithne , Membré Jeanne-Marie , Cummins Enda 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
It is vital that harmful bacteria are removed from water and wastewater treatment plants to prevent human/environmental exposure. This paper examines the log reduction of antibiotic-sensitive (AS) and antibiotic-resistant (AR) Escherichia coli (E. coli) as a result of low-pressure (LP) and medium-pressure (MP) UV lamps. A meta-analysis was performed and a mixed-effect model was created in which 303 data points on the log reduction of E. coli from UV treatment were collected. The results show that in order to achieve a 6 log reduction using an MP lamp, on average a UV level of 7.3 mJ/cm2 for AS E. coli and 7.5 mJ/cm2 for AR E. coli were required. Using an LP lamp, a UV level of 8.1 mJ/cm2 for AS E. coli and 8.4 mJ/cm2 for AR E. coli were required. The results show there is no significant difference between the inactivation of AR and AS E. coli at different UV levels. The model predicts that AR or AS E. coli will be inactivated at UV levels lower than the recommended UV operation conditions (40 mJ/cm2), but it is important to use this UV level to inactivate other harmful microorganisms.
Class II Hydrophobin HFBII: A Potential Carrier for Antitumor Agents
Authors: Khalesi Mohammadreza , Mamashli Fatemeh , Goliaei Bahram , Moosavi-Movahedi Ali A. , Derdelinckx Guy 
Published: April 2018

Background:
Class II hydrophobin HFBII is a fungal protein with potential applications in
pharmaceutical industry. Nevertheless, the antitumor activity of this protein has not been reported.

Methods:
In this study, natural type of Trichoderma reesei was cultivated in a submerged bioreactor to
produce hydrophobin HFBII. The protein was purified using a reversed phase liquid chromatography, verified
by MALDI-TOF, and then examined for its anticancer activity against T47D breast tumor cell line.

Results:
Different concentrations of hydrophobin HFBII from 1 nM to 500 μM were examined for this
experiment. Hydrophobin HFBII with molecular weights of 7.0-7.2 kDa was achieved. The results of
MTT assay showed that from the concentration of 100 μM and upwards, hydrophobin HFBII adversely
affected the viability of the breast tumor cells. The IC50 value was reported to be 131 μM. Class II hydrophobin
seems to be a very effective carrier for antitumor agent.

Conclusion:
This is the first report of HFBII cytotoxicity. However, there is lack of information regarding
HFBII’s mechanism of action in cell death induction. Since, HFBII could play important roles in
biomedicine, whether as a drug or a carrier for various kinds of pharmaceuticals, it is strongly suggested
that its biological effects would be evaluated in detail.
Novel Findings of Anti-cancer Property of Propofol
Authors: Wang Jiaqiang , Cheng Chien-shan , Lu Yan , Ding Xiaowei , Zhu Minmin , Miao Changhong , Chen Jiawei 
Published: April 2018

Background:
Propofol, a widely used intravenous anesthetic agent, is traditionally applied for sedation
and general anesthesia.

Explanation:

Recent attention has been drawn to explore the effect and mechanisms of propofol against cancer
progression in vitro and in vivo. Specifically, the proliferation-inhibiting and apoptosis-inducing properties of
propofol in cancer have been studied. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear.

Conclusion:
This review focused on the findings within the past ten years and aimed to provide a general overview
of propofol's malignance-modulating properties and the potential molecular mechanisms.
Methemoglobinemia after local anesthetic (prilocaine) application: a case report
Authors: YALCİN Gulsen , KİLİCASLAN Onder , OZKAN Aybars , KOCABAY Kenan 
Published: April 2018

Introduction: Circumcision is a surgical procedure
performed by many societies for religious, medical and cultural purposes. One
of the agents used during this procedure is prilocaine, a commonly used local
anesthetic. In the literature, cases of methemoglobinemia which can be
developed with the application of prilocaine in normal dose have been reported.
Oxidation of hemoglobin with various oxidative stresses is called
methemoglobinemia when the divalent iron in its content is converted into its
trivalent form. This reaction leads to hypoxaemia in the tissue
and a clinical picture of cyanosis occurs at varying degrees.Case Report: Two-and-a-half-month-old patient was referred to my hospital by a
physician because of the complaint of bruising after local anesthesia with
prilocaine and the measured oxygen saturation was 79%. Physical examination
revealed cyanosis in the peroral region, hands and feet. It was decided that
methylene blue should be administered considering the fact that the patient was
given prilocaine as a local anesthetic, due to the inability to find an
underlying respiratory and cardiac cause, and because of the high value of methemoglobin
in blood gas. Methylene blue 2 mg/kg was given orally. About an hour later,
cyanosis disappeared. The control methhemoglobin level was found to be 2.7%.

Conclusion: Methemoglobinemia should be considered in the
differential diagnosis of cyanosis after local anesthetic application and local
anesthetics with less side effects should be preferred in early infancy. In
this case report, it was aimed to discuss the differential diagnosis and
treatment methods of methemoglobinemia after local anesthesia with prilocaine.
Applying local vancomycin with vacuum-assisted closure on decubitus isolated Corynebacterium striatum: a case report
Authors: BENLİ Ali Ramazan , ADAHAN Didem 
Published: April 2018

Introduction: The infections of decubitus are generally polymicrobial. infection.
After debridement and control of
infection, decubitus treatment continues with regeneration of tissue loss.
Vacuum assisted closing (VAC) is a treatment option in these situations. We
aimed to reveal local antibiotic treatment of decubitus infection with C.
Striatum which was resistant to first generation antibiotics, with vancomycin
instillated in VAC device, in this case.Case Presentation: 77 years old patient with Alzheimer, Parkinson and diabetes mellitus
residented in was hospitalized in palliative care unit for decubitus and
nutrition disorder. Decubitus with necrosis was present in sacral region. The Ampirical antibiotherapy with
ciprofloxacin for decubitus infection was given to the patient whose
hematologic parameters detected during hospitalization were normal. VAC
application was performed after debridement of necrotic tissues. C. Striatum
resistant to first generation antibiotics was identified in wound culture.
Contamination was suspected cause the patient’s general status was good,
inflamation marker levels were moderate and C. Striatumun is existing in normal
skin flora. Ciprofloxacin was stopped as C. Striatum was isolated again in the
culture taken from the middle of wound and was determined sensitive to linezoid
and vancomycin and resistant to other antibiotics. Treatment was continued with vancomycin
added to VAC device. No bacteria was detected in control cultures.

Conclusion: Decubitus wound infections are generally polymicrobial and treated with
systemic or local treatments. Multi
resistant C. Striatum reproduction as in this case is usually isolated in
immunosupressive patients with long hospitalization period, patients using
prolonged large spectrum antibiotics and in intensive care units. It was
presented with this case that successfull resuIts could be achieved by local performing of advanced antibiotic
that the microorganism is sensitive in the treatment of seconder infection
developed in decubitus ulcer of the patient who had no sepsis signs.
Tax Aggressiveness and Corporate Transparency
Authors: Balakrishnan Karthik , Blouin Jennifer L. , Guay Wayne R. 
Published: April 2018

ABSTRACT
We investigate whether aggressive tax planning firms have a less transparent information environment. Although tax planning provides expected tax savings, it can simultaneously increase the financial complexity of the organization. And to the extent that this greater financial complexity cannot be adequately clarified through communications with outside parties, such as investors and analysts, transparency problems can arise. Our investigation of the association between tax aggressiveness and information asymmetry, analysts' forecast errors, and earnings quality suggests that aggressive tax planning is associated with lower corporate transparency. We also find evidence that managers at tax-aggressive firms attempt to mitigate these transparency problems by increasing various tax-related disclosures. Overall, our results suggest that firms face a trade-off between tax benefits and financial transparency when choosing the aggressiveness of their tax planning.
JEL Classifications: G30; H26; M41.
Effectiveness of and Dental Sensitivity to At-home Bleaching With 4% and 10% Hydrogen Peroxide: A Randomized, Triple-blind Clinical Trial
Authors: Chemin K , Rezende M , Loguercio AD , Reis A , Kossatz S 
Published: April 2018

SUMMARY

Objectives:
To evaluate the risk for and intensity of tooth sensitivity and color change of at-home dental bleaching with 4% and 10% hydrogen peroxide (HP).

Methods:
For this study, 78 patients were selected according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria and randomized into two groups: HP 4 (White Class 4%, FGM) and HP 10 (White Class 10%, FGM). In both groups, the at-home bleaching was performed for a period of 30 minutes twice a day for two weeks. The color was assessed by Vita Classical, Vita Bleachedguide 3D-MASTER and spectrophotometer Vita Easyshade (Vita Zahnfabrik) at baseline, during bleaching (first and second weeks) and after bleaching (one month). Patients recorded their tooth sensitivity using a numeric rating scale (0-4) and visual analog scale (0-10). Data from color change (DeltaE data) was submitted to two-way analysis of variance. The color change data in Delta SGU from the two shade guide units were compared with the Mann Whitney test. The risk of tooth sensitivity was evaluated by χ2 test and the intensity of tooth sensitivity from both scales was evaluated by a Mann-Whitney test (α=0.05).

Results:
The absolute risk and intensity of tooth sensitivity was higher in the group that used HP 10 than the one that used HP 4. Data from change in the number of shade guide units and color variation after one month of bleaching for both groups showed significant whitening, with no difference between groups.

Conclusions:
At-home bleaching is effective with 4% and 10% HP concentrations, but 10% HP increased the absolute risk and intensity of tooth sensitivity during at-home bleaching.
Diagnosis of Pit-and-fissure Caries Using Three-dimensional Scanned Images
Authors: Mitchell JK , Furness AR , Sword RJ , Looney SW , Brackett WW , Brackett MG 
Published: April 2018

SUMMARYDiagnosis of the extent of pit-and-fissure caries has been subjective and thus difficult to teach and categorize for treatment planning. This in vitro study compares occlusal caries diagnosis of extracted posterior teeth (n=49) using three-dimensional (3D) scanned images vs visual examination, according to the International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS). The surfaces chosen for study represent all ICDAS classifications. Five experienced restorative faculty members examined scanned images for 60 seconds from a standardized series of views of each surface and scored them independently. One month later, the same teeth were examined visually by the same five raters with magnification and LED headlamps, with compressed air available. Intrarater and interrater agreement and validity were assessed using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs). The ICCs, ranging from 0.90 to 0.93, indicated excellent agreement between and within raters and between the raters and the gold standard ICDAS determination. This suggests that both photographs and 3D scans of pits and fissures are equally effective in diagnosing caries.
Tiedonkäytön ilmiöitä ammattikorkeakoulujen opinnäytetöissä. Aineistolähtöinen tarkastelu ja käsitteellinen mallinnus
Authors: Kämäräinen Juha 
Published: April 2018

FM Juha Kämäräisen informaatiotutkimuksen alaan kuuluva väitöskirja Tiedonkäytön ilmiöitä ammattikorkeakoulujen opinnäytetöissä. Aineistolähtöinen tarkastelu ja käsitteellinen mallinnus (Information use phenomena in bachelor theses at the Finnish universities of applied sciences. Qualitative data driven approach toward a conceptual model) tarkastettiin 13.1.2018 Oulun yliopiston humanistisessa tiedekunnassa. Vastaväittäjinä toimivat ylikirjastonhoitaja, dosentti Kimmo Tuominen (Helsingin yliopisto) ja dosentti Seppo Raiski (Tampereen yliopisto) ja kustoksena kirjastonjohtaja, dosentti Jarmo Saarti (Itä-Suomen yliopisto). Väitöskirja on julkaistu sarjassa Acta Universitatis Ouluensis. B, Humaniora ja se on luettavissa myös Oulun yliopiston Jultika-julkaisuarkistossa osoitteessa http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789526217536
Branding and the Risk Management Imperative
Authors: Fournier Susan , Srinivasan Shuba 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
In an increasingly risky socioeconomic environment, management needs to proactively consider brand-related risks. To understand brands as tools for risk management, they need to understand four types of brand risk: brand reputation risk, brand dilution risk, brand cannibalization risk and brand stretch risk.
Risk management is not a natural act for brand managers trained in astute execution of the 4 Ps, and contemporary market factors make this more challenging still. With an increasingly polarized society, it is almost impossible for brands to remain untouched by ideologies. In addition, the growth in digital advertising gives brand managers less control over advertising placement and context, and the mandate to keep growing adds executional risk.
The more exposed a brand is to brand risk, the more attention this topic will need in the boardroom. To shift a company’s marketing philosophy toward risk, it is important to define marketing competences in a broader way, to be self-critical and to be proactive.
Don’t Get Eaten! Understanding and Handling Cannibalization Risk
Authors: Mason Charlotte , Jayaram Kaushik 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
To minimize the potential loss of market share and profits, it is important to understand factors that drive cannibalization. Key brand variables for cannibalization risk concern how the new product compares in price and quality to existing products. Other relevant variables are the category, the type of product and a company’s distribution system. Also, whether a new product will coexist with or replace the existing product needs to be considered.
Estimating cannibalization risk should assess possible effects on company operations.
The positioning of new products needs to be planned and communicated carefully. Too many similar options may confuse the consumer. Brand and category factors as well as the consumption context can help managers mitigate the extent of cannibalization. Profit impact is more relevant than changes in sales figures. A lower-margin product cannibalizing a higher-margin product eats away at profits, but a higher-margin product cannibalizing a lower-margin one is potentially worth the cannibalization risk.
Marketing Spending and Brand Performance Volatility
Authors: Fischer Marc , Shin Hyun , Hanssens Dominique M. 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
If company revenues fluctuate, the resulting volatility makes it more difficult to project the company’s future revenues and earnings and ensure steady cash-flow. This lessens investor confidence and, as such, can harm the financial health of a brand. So, effective marketing can have undesired financial side effects.
The optimal marketing behaviors derived with and without volatility calculations will be quite different. Analytically savvy companies will be able to gain competitive advantage from this realization.
At-Risk Brand Relationships and Threats to the Bottom Line
Authors: Hupp Oliver , Robbins David , Fournier Susan 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Like a stock portfolio, each relationship type offers a brand higher or lower growth opportunities and risks. The type of relationship is particularly relevant in brand crisis events. When a brand is hit by a crisis, it is not necessarily the most successful strategy to focus exclusively on protecting positive emotional relationships. At-risk relationships are affected more than others and can lead to a significant decline of brand value.
Our cases highlight that at-risk relationships represent a critical, but often overlooked, aspect of a brand’s relationship portfolio. Risks range from negative word of mouth that might have a negative impact on potential new customers to clear retention risk. Marketers should manage these risks proactively by identifying and investigating the nature of their customer relationships and by responding frankly and credibly to crisis events.
LAVAGEM DE CAPITAIS: REFLEXÕES ACERCA DA CONSTITUCIONALIDADE DOS ARTIGOS 2º, §2º E 17-D DA LEI Nº 9.613/98
Authors: Lemos Jordan Tomazelli , Zaganelli Margareth Vetis 
Published: April 2018

O presente artigo busca reflexões acerca da constitucionalidade de normas que integram a Lei de Lavagem de Capitais (Lei nº 9.613/98): art. 2º, §2º, que trata da impossibilidade de suspensão do processo em caso de ausência do réu nos termos do artigo 366 do CPP e; art. 17-D, que prescreve o imediato afastamento do servidor público indiciado por crime de lavagem de dinheiro. Por meio de metodologia qualitativa, utilizando pesquisa bibliográfica, aborda, inicialmente o tipo legal do crime de lavagem de capitais, bem como a finalidade e os bens jurídicos tutelados pela Lei nº 9.613/98. A seguir, descreve os aspectos processuais envolvendo o referido diploma legal. O trabalho busca ressaltar a opção do legislador em dar preferência a bens jurídicos coletivos em abstrato, mitigando certos direitos e garantias individuais do processo penal consagrados na Carta Magna.
Mostarlı Ziyâ’î’nin Şeyh-i San’ân Mesnevisi’nde Didaktik Unsurlar
Authors: YASAK PERAN Yeliz 
Published: April 2018

Klasik şairler tarafından kimi zaman eserlerinin
içinde yer alan bir hikâye şeklinde kimi zaman da şiirlerindeki bir mazmun ya
da kavram olarak kullanılan Şeyh-i San’ân hikâyesi, ilk olarak Feridü’d-din
Attâr’ın Mantıku’t-tayr’ında yer almış, hikâye Türk edebiyatında telif
özellikler taşıyan müstakil bir mesnevi olarak Mostarlı Hasan Ziyâ’î tarafından
yazılmıştır. Kaynaklarda hakkında pek az bilgi bulunan Ziyâ’î Mostar’da doğmuş
bir Rumeli şairidir ve şiirlerinde Rumeli şairlerinde görülen atasözü ve
deyimlere, Hristiyanlık ve Kalenderilik kültürüne ait unsurlara, yaşadığı
çevreyle ilgili gerçekçi tasvir ve anlatımlara yer vermiştir. Şeyh-i San’ân
Mesnevisi’nde şair, eseri boyunca öğretici nitelikler taşıyan nasihatlarını
hikâyenin arasına serpiştirmiş bazen doğrudan bazen de dolaylı olarak okuyucuya
bilgi vermeye çalışmıştır. Çalışmada eserde yer alan didaktik unsurlar “Dinî,
Tasavvufî, Ahlakî, Sosyal Unsurlar” olmak üzere dört ana başlıktan
oluşmaktadır. Bu dört ana başlığın “Dinî Unsurlar” bölümünde “Allah, Ahiret, Besmele, Din, Dua, Ecel, Hz.
Muhammed, İbadet, İçkinin Zararları, İman, Kazâ, Kâbe, Ömür, Rüya, Tövbe”; “Tasavvufî
Unsurlar” bölümünde “Aşk, Dünyanın Faniliği, Gönül Güzelliği, Nefsi
Öldürmek, Öğüt, Tevekkül, Vahdet, Zora Katlanma” ; “Ahlakî Unsurlar”
bölümünde “Ayıpları Görmemek, Fesatlık, İnat, Riya, Vefa”; “Sosyal Unsurlar” bölümünde “Atasözleri ve Özlü Sözler,
Cehalet, Doğruluk, Dostluk, Mehr, Meslek Sahibi Olmanın Önemi, Öğüt Tutma,
Şikâyet” alt başlıkları yer almaktadır.&nbsp;
Çalışma bu başlıklar
altında incelenerek eserin öğretici yönü ortaya çıkarılmaya çalışılmıştır.&nbsp;&nbsp;
L’Orientalisme d’Elif Shafak dans La Batarde d’Istanbul
Authors: HAUCHART Mélanie , PARLAK Emine , KARTAL Erdoğan 
Published: April 2018

L'orientalisme est un courant de
pensée qui existe dans l’art et la littérature depuis le 14ème siècle. Les
écrivains occidentaux ont d'abord déclaré un Orient imaginaire et fantasmé,
puis un Est dans lequel ils ont réellement voyagé, tout en perdant
progressivement leur intérêt au fil des années. Les écrivains orientaux ont
alors repris et partagé leur vision de l'Est. Elif Shafak, romancier prospère,
a la particularité de partager les cultures occidentales et orientales, en
utilisant cette vision particulière pour diffuser un essai sur certains des problèmes
contemporains de la Turquie à travers son roman, Le Bâtard d'Istanbul (2006). Dans cet article, nous souhaitons
démontrer l'approche orientaliste de l'auteur à travers l'analyse des thèmes
abordés dans son roman.
Discourses of Orientalism and Counter - Orientalism in Post- September 11 Movies: United 93 and Rendition
Authors: GÜVEN Fikret 
Published: April 2018

The tragedy of September 11 was a world-changing
event, as it penetrated the inner crevices of human consciousness and
inaugurated a new World Order governed by a discourse of Orientalism and
counter-Orientalism. The symbolical value of attacks became a powerful tool to prove
historical conflicts between East and West conflicts, arouse psychological
fears and anxieties, and justify the use of force against an enemy who had
brought this unfortunate day on the United States.&nbsp; The artistic works produced in response to
the attacks became the topic of critical debate about how to portray the
attacks. The representation of the Muslim “Other” is one of the issues
addressed in this debate. In the wake of the terrorist attacks, post-September
11 movies responded to the Orientalist discourses and stereotyping that
dominated mainstream media. Some filmmakers reproduced the same stereotypical
image of the “Other” while others challenged these stereotypes and Orientalist
discourses. The present paper analyzes the representation of the Muslim “Other”
in two movies: Paul Greengrass’ United 93 (2006) and Gavin Hood’s Rendition
(2007). This juxtaposition is meant to present perspectives on the
September 11 attacks among movie directors. I
investigate continuities and transformations of Orientalism in both movies. My analysis indicates that United 93 reinforces and perpetuates
orientalist discourses while Rendition refutes the same discourse by
employing a more balanced approach.&nbsp;
THE LINK BETWEEN MANIPULATION WITH ACCOUNTING: LEARNING FROM THE ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY COUPLED WITH THE SETTING OF FINANCIAL LEGISLATION
Authors: Kaymaz Önder , Kaymaz Özgür 
Published: April 2018

It is well known that the commitment of manipulation act which is one of
the factors significantly worsening the impairment of the corporate financial
(mis)reporting process through the impairment of the market efficiency has
strong accounting, financial, legal and economic linkages altogether. However,
these linkages or ties have not yet attained the attention it deserves in the literature. This paper mainly
aims to theoretically investigate the interplay among the cited disciplines and
to lay it out on a more solid ground. In so doing, it strives to cover up this
directed loophole the extant literature features to a reasonably certain
degree, through crystallizing the significance and context of manipulation.
This paper clearly documents that there is a need to broaden the definition of
manipulation concept in a way to encompass financial statements for the bona fide investors or users of
corporate financial information may not be
harmed by the (public) companies to commit such offenses around. In other
words, this study shows that comprehensive financial regulations to better
address the current needs that will bring together much better accounting
practices as well as economic and financial system.