bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Use of Mobile Pipeline with Self-regulated Water Outlets for Furrow Irrigation
Authors: Vysochkina L.I. , Danilov M.V. , Grudiyev G.V. 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Surface irrigation is one of the most common irrigation methods, but it has its own significant drawbacks. A mobile pipeline for furrow irrigation from closed irrigation network was designed and its parameters were proved in order to improve furrow irrigation. The mobile pipeline consists of plastic pipes based on 10 pairs of spring skis connected in the middle by a flexible connection. It is known that water flow into the furrow decreases along the pipeline due to pressure losses along the length of the pipeline. It was proposed to use water outlets ensuring uniform supply of water to each furrow by the presence of the butterfly valve in housing of the water outlet in the mobile pipeline. In order to ensure sustainable valve position, an equation was derived and values of the area of the upper and bottom parts of the valve were obtained. According to the pipeline field test results, water distribution uniformity coefficient through the outlets was 0.98, at a flow rate of 1.0-3.0 l∙s-1 and hydraulic slopes along the pipeline of 0.001−0.005.
Inconvenient and Unnecessary? Regulations in the U.S. Taxi Industry
Authors: Johnson Colton , Snyder Thomas 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
A Certificate of Public Convenience and Necessity (CPCN) is a common requirement for a new business owner in services such as utilities, communications, healthcare, and transportation. However, studies have called into question the effectiveness and purpose of these laws when applied in certain industries. This study chronicles the development of and justifications provided for the enactment of CPCN laws. It then empirically tests the effectiveness of these laws in the taxi industry. This paper finds no evidence that the CPCN laws in the taxi industry are meeting their objectives. Some evidence suggests that CPCN laws achieve the opposite of their intention.
Providing high-quality measurement data in analytical system of air pollution monitoring and their key importance for smart cities residents
Authors: Czechowski Piotr O. , Badyda Artur J. , Majewski Grzegorz , Oniszczuk-Jastrząbek Aneta , Kraszewski Andrzej K. , Rogula-Kozłowska Wioletta , Owczarek Tomasz 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe article presents selected, main elements of an air pollution automatic monitoring system with analytical subsystems concept in smart cities based on examples from Poland, implemented system in Pomerania, the concept of new system in Warsaw city and pilot research in Nowy Sącz city. All systems are the result of teamwork, ranging from design, development of new methodology and software to implementation in real-time air pollutants smart cities monitoring systems. Focused on the most neuralgic elements: data quality subsystems, new ideas of smart mobility measurement stations and their ability to use in future research and models. Special attention was paid to stochastic models and statistic methodology proposed and used in data diagnostics as analytical system engineering.
Identification of vegetation parameters for compound channel discharge as inverse problem
Authors: Kiczko Adam , Kozioł Adam , Kubrak Janusz , Krukowski Marcin , Kubrak Elżbieta , Brandyk Andrzej 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
In recent years many sophisticated models for discharge capacity of compound channels with vegetation have been developed. Despite the mature state of knowledge in this field, in a practice the simplest methods prevail and most of hydraulic models are based on the Manning formula. One of the reasons is that more complex methods require detailed characteristics on vegetation. The present study demonstrates that this issue can be solved by treating all such necessary variables as parameters to be identified in a sense of an inverse problem, using techniques of optimization. With a flume experiment as a case study, four models of a uniform flow were identified: Pasche, Mertens as complex methods, divided channel method (DCM) with Manning and Darcy–Weisbach equations as techniques used in a practice. Results showed that parameters for all methods can be found on the basis of minimization of model residuals, with the restriction that because of the larger number of parameters in complex methods, more observations are required. Methods of Pasche and Mertens with identified parameters provided a much better explanation of water depths than the Manning or Darcy–Weisbach based on the DCM. It is surprising that significant discrepancies between identified parameters and their real measured values were recorded. Even more, an almost perfect fit was obtained for different parameter sets.
Restoration of Cnidion dubii meadows on Warsaw cross-section of the Middle Vistula Valley
Authors: Pawluśkiewicz Bogumiła , Janicka Maria , Piekut Kazimierz 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
The studies were carried out as the part of flooded meadows’ restoration on the Warsaw cross-section of Natura 2000 site Middle Vistula Valley. They concerned determination the possibility of restoration and improvement of species composition plant communities of meadows in river valleys by limitation growth of the invasive alien species and introducing diasporas of plant species from natural meadows. Seeding material for restoration was taken from well preserved natural Cnidion dubii meadows lying in Lower Pilica Valley in the neighborhood of Warsaw. Seeding material contained 26 native species including representative species for Cnidion dubii meadows: Cnidium dubium, Allium angulosum, Sanguisorba officinalis and Galium boreale. Three levels of seedbed preparation intensity were checked: low cutting of old vegetation; ploughing on depth about 20 cm and rototilling, removing of sward and upper soil layer thick 30 cm. Two ways of seeding material placement were also tested: sowing + rolling + mulching (covering with straw); sowing + rolling (without mulching). The applied methods of seedbed preparation and used seeding material allowed introducing of 17 plant species. Removing of topsoil was the most effective in limitation of invasive alien species occurrence and favored emergence and initial growth of Sanguisorba officinalis, Allium angulosum and Galium boreale. Ploughing and rototilling of topsoil layer effectively limited of Acer negundo occurrence and favored the growth of Cnidium dubium.
The analysis of agritourism accommodation indicators for areas located in the vicinity of national parks
Authors: Podawca Konrad , Pawłat-Zawrzykraj Agata 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Increasing tourism development makes it an important factor in generating economic growth and employment in the European Union. Due to high environmental attractiveness of many regions, this sector of economy plays an important role in Poland as well. The essential principle of functioning of tourism is to provide adequate accommodation. It seems that less intensive and less aggressive accommodation, based on existing housing stock, would be most appropriate in areas with high natural values. The article presents research on agritourist accommodation in 23 areas located in the vicinity of national parks. Obtained results allowed to assess an extent to which agritourism is a popular form of additional activity for inhabitants of such areas, which is also a form of activation of local communities. The analysis was done using a multivariate method. Indicators of intensity of agritourist accommodation and agritourist accommodation places, as well as their surface density were calculated. Obtained results enabled the authors to divide the analysed areas into 4 types in terms of intensity of agritourist accommodation related to other sorts of accommodation and the density of agritourist accommodation. It is generally stated that the agritourist accommodation neither prevail nor develop on a level comparable to other forms of accommodation on the analyzed areas. In this respect, it can prove that location of the area in the vicinity of a national park is not a sufficient guarantee of intensive agritourism development.
The real and expected privileges of the Security Service collaborators recruited from academic milieu in the 1980s
Authors: Franaszek Piotr 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Despite the elaborated techniques of electronic surveillance, personal sources of information still remain the best possible method of infiltrating a criminal milieu. Such methods gain special importance in totalitarian states. Collaborating with the Security Service almost always had some notable benefits. For some of the TWs, collaborating was an additional, sometimes quite substantial, source of income. One of repeating motives for collaboration was a will to improve one’s professional position or to easily obtain a permission to go abroad. There were also persons, who were impressed with having contacts with the Security Service functionaries. Almost all collaborators were using different forms of help from the part of the Security Service. Most of them would obtain real financial and material profits. The spectrum of favours offered to those helping the repressive state apparatus was very extensive.
Benefits package agreement – a special privilege for employees
Authors: Kamosiński Sławomir 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
The article aims at analyzing a particular occupational privilege of employees, commonly referred to as a benefits package. This social privilege is considered a real social and legal phenomenon by a large number of academics. This is because no legal regulations on the privatization and commercialization of Polish companies actually imposed it. The origin of this specific privilege lies in the pragmatic attitude of employees to the process of privatization of companies and selling their stocks to strategic investors. This type of agreements was supposed to protect staff from radical restructuring which the investor could implement upon buying the company. Owing to this privilege, employees were able to establish their own space of social security in the factory. The article presents examples of such documents, discusses their content and possible sanctions for the new owner of the factory (the signatory of the document) if the provisions of the document are not complied with.
Diffuse Cutaneous Mastocytosis in a Child - a Case Report
Authors: Popadić Svetlana , Gajić-Veljić Mirjana , Marenović Biljana , Nikolić Miloš 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Mastocytosis refers to a group of diseases characterized by a clonal proliferation and accumulation of mast cells in one or more tissues/organs with different clinical presentations. In children, limited cutaneous forms of mastocytosis are rather frequent, while systemic mastocytosis is rare. The diagnosis of cutaneous mastocytosis is based on clinical findings and histopathology. We present a patient who developed skin lesions at the age of 18 months. Clinical findings, confirmed by histopathology, were consistent with diffuse cutaneous mastocytosis. The follow-up period was 7 years. The treatment included oral antihistamines in combination with mast cell stabilizers, mild topical steroids and avoidance of friction. During the follow-up period, there were no signs of systemic involvement, and the quality of life was preserved, despite the large surface of affected skin. This case report should increase the awareness and knowledge of clinicians about this rare form of cutaneous mastocytosis in the pediatric population.
Test Anxiety in Pre-Exam Period and Success of Nursing Students
Authors: Stojanovic Goran , Vasiljevic-Blagojevic Milica , Stankovic Bratislav , Terzic Negra , Terzic-Markovic Dragana , Stojanovic Dusan 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine the presence of preexam anxiety in nursing students and establish relationship of pre-exam anxiety intensity in relation to the category variables (gender, age, place of birth, current place of residence, with whom they live, whether they are employed, the average family income, year of study), objective success (i.e., pass rate at exams, the average score at the end of year, possible renewal of the year of study) and the subjective perception of academic success (i.e., self-satisfaction as a student as well as the importance of ratings obtained at the exam). The sample was random and consisted of the students of High Medical College of Professional Studies in Belgrade at the Department of vocational nurse. 209 students were tested, evenly distributed on the second and third year of study. Pre-examination anxiety among students was examined using a questionnaire The Test Anxiety Inventory – TAI (Test Anxiety Inventory), which includes subscales: Test Anxiety Inventory-Total (TAI-T), Test Anxiety Inventory-Worry (TAI-W) and Test Anxiety Inventory-Emotionality (TAI-E). From the obtained results we can conclude that nursing students showed a statistically significant pre-exam anxiety on all subscales. Preexam anxiety symptoms compared to candidates’ sex showed statistically significant differences in all scores, and average values are always higher in female students compared to male. There is also a statistically significant difference between students of the second year in relation to the third year students. It can be concluded that there is a significant number of nursing students with the pre-exam anxiety problems that need professional help and support in the form of expanding and strengthening personal competencies.
The Europeanisation of Slovak Political Parties
Authors: Leška Dušan 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
The aim of the study is to analyse the Europeanisation of Slovak political parties in the various stages of the transition and transformation of the political system of Slovakia before and after the entry into the European Union. Methodologically, the paper is based on the concept of Ladrech, who divided five areas of research to suit the study of the impact of the Europeanisation on political parties and their politics. Visible can be changes in political programmes, organisational changes, a formula of party competition, relations between parties and government, relations beyond the national party system (a new look at transnational cooperation between political parties). Our research proved that the Europeanisation has been visible at all stages of development, with varying degrees of intensity and in various forms since the signing of the association agreement with the European Union. Its effect was important already in the stage of the society transition when it helped the return of Slovakia on the path of democratic development. In the two stages of development, Europeanisation created an individual line of cleavage of political parties, affected the rivalry of political parties, and thus a party system model. Unambiguously, it was reflected in political programmes of all parties, and an important role was played by the incorporation of political parties in the European political parties, by their cooperation and coordination of their policies. The election in the European Parliament was an important turning point in completion of programme orientations of political parties.
Voting behavior and municipal elections 2014 in Slovakia
Authors: Horváth Peter , Šebík Karol 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
This paper attempts to clarify the patterns of voting behavior among citizens and determinants that could explain voting behavior. In its theoretical part, it deals with the role of party affiliation across several theories of voting behavior - sociological, economic and social-psychological approaches. In section dedicated to interpretation of municipal elections 2014 in regional cities, we evaluate the party identification as the most important factor in voter decision process. We argue, that regional cities are affected by party politics more than smaller cities. Face-to-face contacts with candidates are less frequented and party support plays more and more significant role.
Slovenia from the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy until nowadays: A brief historical overview
Authors: Prijon Egon , Prijon Lea 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe paper analyses the current Slovenian political and economic situation through interpretations of old socialist regime’s modernisation. Right after the Yugoslavian disintegration, namely in the beginning of transition, the Slovenian starting position was the best, compared to other Yugoslavian countries and among other transitional countries. Between 1990/1991 and 2008 Slovenia seemed to be a politically more or less stable and economically well performing country. But after 2008 a negative trend hit the whole society, causing political instabilities and economic stagnation, reflected in negative macroeconomic indicators (i.e. GDP, GDP p.c. FDIs, unemployment, government debt, etc.). Could such a situation be explained on the basis of a long lasting socialist regime? If these suppositions are to be confirming, why do other transitional countries, which were subjected to a tougher communist regime, seem to be performing better nowadays?
Foreign Policy: Public Opinion and Political Legacy
Authors: Walter Aaron T. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractTo the degree that public opinion, as domestic variable, influences a leaders decision-making in the area of foreign affairs is significant. Political leaders use public opinion polling to support government position or in attempts to mold policy position(s) in the affirmative. The following article investigates how public opinion affects U.S. presidential foreign policy decisions and to the degree those decisions are the base for political legacy. The theoretical argument is that domestic variables and leaders decisions often act in mutual support of each others in complementary interests and when not the case, it is the leader whose agenda setting or creating a frame impacts public opinion.
Geopolitics of the High North and its consequences
Authors: Czarny Ryszard M. 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
The increased interest in the Arctic by global players is generated by new economic opportunities related to commercial maritime transport, development of oil and gas deposits, mining, fisheries, and tourism. The natural results are closer economic and geopolitical relations between the Arctic and the rest of the world. Many observers perceive this development as a source of growing conflict because of competition related to control over the natural resources of the region. It seems also quite clear that the Arctic cannot follow its own original way of development which would be independent from the global power system.
Political Representation of Ethnic Minorities at Local Level: Factors, Context and Empirical Examples
Authors: Vimmr Martin Kryšpín 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
This qualitative comparative study examines all sorts of the factors which have influence on the political representation of ethnic minorities at a local level. Two dependent variables are analyzed on the four empirical cases: the level of proportionality of political representation and nature of political representation of ethnic minorities. Influence of three different independent variables is discussed further on. These variables are an electoral system, special measures for minority representation and electoral rights as all these variables could possibly have an effect on the level of political representation of ethnic minorities. The selected cases are the cities of Leicester, United Kingdom, the Finnish city of Espoo, Cluj-Napoca in Romania and Frankfurt am Main in Germany. All these cases have a substantial amount of citizens of different ethnic groups.
Defining the Role of Women in the Future of Political Leadership in the Middle East
Authors: Basiri Nasim 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Throughout the years and more recently, dictatorial governments have often posed challenges to women in the Middle East, such as in Saudi Arabia, where woman are still not allowed to drive. Although governments have exercised their power to restrict women from doing certain activities and leadership. If we take a look back at the revolutionary Arab Spring, women were a driving force in expressing their voice through the protests and creating an unprecedented impact to shift the status quo in the Middle East. In the early phase of the Arab Spring, women played a pivotal role in supporting the protests against tyranny and ensuring they played an active part in the protests. Women in the Middle East have often been subject to discrimination regardless whether or not they are oppressed.
This paper evaluates the efforts of women and the current events that are developing a new face for Middle Eastern women and their role in the future of political leadership in the twenty-first century.
The paper also indicates that women within the Middle East have full potential to become a serious and powerful force within their society if they will fully attach on to the idea of becoming serious actors. More importantly, once they do this and they impact their role within the family, they will then gradually impact social change within their country. What is important within this process is the idea that they continue on the path of fighting for their liberation and change, because all of these spears are interconnected for women to become fully liberated within a society they have to be able to be fully liberated within all of these spears. Finally, this paper discusses obstacles to women in Middle East politics and possible recommendations that will improve the overall levels of women’s political leadership in the Middle East.
Theological Metaphors in Mathematics
Authors: Krajewski Stanisław 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Examples of possible theological influences upon the development of mathematics are indicated. The best known connection can be found in the realm of infinite sets treated by us as known or graspable, which constitutes a divine-like approach. Also the move to treat infinite processes as if they were one finished object that can be identified with its limits is routine in mathematicians, but refers to seemingly super-human power. For centuries this was seen as wrong and even today some philosophers, for example Brian Rotman, talk critically about “theological mathematics”. Theological metaphors, like “God’s view”, are used even by contemporary mathematicians. While rarely appearing in official texts they are rather easily invoked in “the kitchen of mathematics”. There exist theories developing without the assumption of actual infinity the tools of classical mathematics needed for applications (For instance, Mycielski’s approach). Conclusion: mathematics could have developed in another way. Finally, several specific examples of historical situations are mentioned where, according to some authors, direct theological input into mathematics appeared: the possibility of the ritual genesis of arithmetic and geometry, the importance of the Indian religious background for the emergence of zero, the genesis of the theories of Cantor and Brouwer, the role of Name-worshipping for the research of the Moscow school of topology. Neither these examples nor the previous illustrations of theological metaphors provide a certain proof that religion or theology was directly influencing the development of mathematical ideas. They do suggest, however, common points and connections that merit further exploration.
Physarum Polycephalum Syllogistic L-Systems and Judaic Roots of Unconventional Computing
Authors: Schumann Andrew 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
We show that in Kabbalah, the esoteric teaching of Judaism, there were developed ideas of unconventional automata in which operations over characters of the Hebrew alphabet can simulate all real processes producing appropriate strings in accordance with some algorithms. These ideas may be used now in a syllogistic extension of Lindenmayer systems (L-systems), where we deal also with strings in the Kabbalistic-Leibnizean meaning. This extension is illustrated by the behavior of Physarum polycephalum plasmodia which can implement, first, the Aristotelian syllogistic and, second, a Talmudic syllogistic by qal wa-homer.