bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chronic liver involvement in urea cycle disorders
Authors: Ranucci Giusy , Rigoldi Miriam , Cotugno Giovanna , Bernabei Silvia Maria , Liguori Alessandra , Gasperini Serena , Goffredo Bianca Maria , Martinelli Diego , Monti Lidia , Francalanci Paola , Candusso Manila , Parini Rossella , Dionisi‐Vici Carlo 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe increased survival of urea cycle disorders (UCDs) patients has led the attention to clinical manifestations that characterize the long‐term disease course. Acute and chronic liver disease have been anecdotally reported since the very first description of UCDs. However, a detailed analysis of long‐term liver involvement in large patient cohorts is still needed. Chronic liver damage in UCDs has probably a multifactorial origin, but the specific underlying mechanisms of liver disease have not yet been well elucidated. In this study, we report on chronic liver involvement and on associated metabolic abnormalities in a large cohort of 102 UCD patients, followed by two reference centers in Italy. Chronic liver involvement was observed in over 60% of UCDs patients, and comparison between individual diseases showed a significant higher frequency in argininosuccinate lyase deficiency (ASLD) and in hyperornithinemia‐hyperammonemia‐homocitrullinemia (HHH) syndrome with elevation of transaminases and of gamma‐GT in ASLD, and of alpha‐fetoprotein in HHH syndrome. Also, consistent with a chronic hepatic dysfunction, ultrasound examination revealed more pronounced abnormalities in ASLD and in HHH syndrome, when compared to other UCDs. Our study highlights in a large UCDs patients' cohort that chronic liver disease is a common finding in UCDs, often with a distinct phenotype between different diseases. Furthers studies are needed to elucidate the specific involvement of different metabolic pathways in the pathogenesis of liver dysfunction in UCDs.
MRI and PET/MRI in hematologic malignancies
Authors: Mayerhoefer Marius E. , Archibald Stephen J. , Messiou Christina , Staudenherz Anton , Berzaczy Dominik , Schöder Heiko 
Published: July 2019

The role of MRI differs considerably between the three main groups of hematological malignancies: lymphoma, leukemia, and myeloma. In myeloma, whole‐body MRI (WB‐MRI) is recognized as a highly sensitive test for the assessment of myeloma, and is also endorsed by clinical guidelines, especially for detection and staging. In lymphoma, WB‐MRI is presently not recommended, and merely serves as an alternative technique to the current standard imaging test, [18F]FDG‐PET/CT, especially in pediatric patients. Even for lymphomas with variable FDG avidity, such as extranodal mucosa‐associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma (MALT), contrast‐enhanced computed tomography (CT), but not WB‐MRI, is presently recommended, despite the high sensitivity of diffusion‐weighted MRI and its ability to capture treatment response that has been reported in the literature. In leukemia, neither MRI nor any other cross‐sectional imaging test (including positron emission tomography [PET]) is currently recommended outside of clinical trials. This review article discusses current clinical applications as well as the main research topics for MRI, as well as PET/MRI, in the field of hematological malignancies, with a focus on functional MRI techniques such as diffusion‐weighted imaging and dynamic contrast‐enhanced MRI, on the one hand, and novel, non‐FDG PET imaging probes such as the CXCR4 radiotracer [68Ga]Ga‐Pentixafor and the amino acid radiotracer [11C]methionine, on the other hand.Level of Evidence: 5Technical Efficacy Stage: 3J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2020;51:1325–1335.
An improved wideband equivalent circuit model for integrated spiral inductors in CMOS technology
Authors: Zhang Qingfeng , Wu Yunqiu , Zhao Chenxi , Liu Huihua , Yu Yiming , Kang Kai 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThis paper presents an improved wideband single‐π model for on‐chip spiral inductors based on the independent tested ground PADs (ITGPs). For the ITGP, the input and output ground PADs are not connected together that introduces potential difference between the input and output ground PADs. However, the conventional inductor models are suitable for the ground PADs being connected together; they usually ignore the input and output potential difference and failed to achieve high model accuracy for the ITGP structure. To develop an accurate model for ITGP, the potential difference between input and output ground PADs is analyzed in this paper, and then the lumped‐parameter resistor‐capacitor network is used to characterize it. To validate the proposed model, the test structures were fabricated by 0.18‐μm CMOS technology and measured up to 67 GHz. Compared with the conventional model, the calculation results of the proposed model agree the measurement results better. Furthermore, the root mean square errors (RMSEs) of proposed model are less than 0.025.
BDNF‐overexpressing human mesenchymal stem cells mediate increased neuronal protection in vitro
Authors: Scheper Verena , Schwieger Jana , Hamm Anika , Lenarz Thomas , Hoffmann Andrea 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe use of neurotrophic factors as therapeutic agents for neurodegenerative diseases is considered as an approach aimed at restoring and maintaining neuronal function in the peripheral and central nervous system. Since the neuroprotective effect is depending on chronic delivery of the neurotrophic factors a sustained application, e.g., via cell‐based delivery is necessary. Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) were lentivirally modified to overexpress brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and to express fluorescent marker genes for easy visualization. Since genetically modified cells should be site‐specifically retained (e.g., by encapsulation) in the patients to avoid adverse effects the cells were additionally differentiated to chondrocytes to hypothetically improve their vitality and survival in a delivery matrix. Different polycations for lentiviral transduction were investigated for their efficiency. The success of differentiation was determined by analysis of chondrocyte marker genes and the neuroprotective effect of BDNF‐overexpressing cells was exemplarily investigated on neurons of the peripheral auditory system. The genetically modified hMSCs overexpressed BDNF from under 1 to 125 ng ml−1 day−1 depending on the donor and transfection method. Using protamine sulfate the transfection efficacy was superior compared to the use of polybrene. The BDNF secreted by the MSCs was significantly neuroprotective in comparison to the relevant controls even though the produced mean concentrations were lower than the effective concentrations for recombinant industrially produced proteins described in literature. The presented system of BDNF‐overexpressing hMSCs is neuroprotective and is therefore considered as a promising method for sustained delivery of proteins in therapeutically relevant amounts to degenerating neuronal structures.
Immediate hyperbaric oxygen after tooth extraction ameliorates bisphosphonate‐related osteonecrotic lesion in rats
Authors: Liu Sao‐Shen , Lin Tzu‐Yi , Fu Earl , Hsia Yi‐Jan , Chiu Hsien‐Chung , Tu Hsiao‐Pei , Chiang Cheng‐Yang 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundThis study aims to assess whether hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) applied immediately after tooth extraction could ameliorate medication‐related osteonecrosis of the jaw in rats.MethodsTo evaluate whether osteonecrosis could be successfully induced, healing of extraction maxillary molars was examined in 40 female Sprague Dawley rats received zoledronic acid (7.5 µg/kg) plus dexamethasone (1 mg/kg). Rats were divided into four groups, receiving zero, two, four, or seven injection(s) for 7 days, respectively. Effect of HBO, pressurized to 2.5 atmospheres absolute (ATA) at rate of 0.15 ATA/min with 100% oxygen for 90 minutes, applied immediately after tooth extraction, on the development of osteonecrosis was evaluated. Lesions among groups were compared by size of ulceration, exact area (mm2) or relative area (%), and by histology.ResultsUnhealed ridge was observed in all nine rats in four and seven injection groups, but none of 10 rats in the control (non‐injection) group. Immediate HBO significantly reduced the lesions in rats that received four injections, regardless of the distribution and the total/relative areas of lesions (P <0.01). Histological findings showed the lesions were uncovered epithelium and severe tissue inflammation.ConclusionThis is the first in vivo study demonstrating the HBO applied immediately after tooth extraction effectively decreases the development of medication‐related osteonecrosis.
Muskox myoglobin: purification, characterization and kinetics studies compared with cattle and water buffalo myoglobins
Authors: Ragucci Sara , Russo Rosita , Landi Nicola , Valletta Mariangela , Chambery Angela , Esposito Sabrina , Raundrup Katrine , Di Maro Antimo 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe Arctic muskox has economic potential as an alternative meat species and is becoming increasingly popular. The present study aimed to determine the primary structure and pseudoperoxidase activity of muskox myoglobin (Mb) compared to cattle and water buffalo myoglobins.RESULTSThe primary structure of muskox Mb was determined via a matrix‐assisted laser desorption ionization‐time of flight mass spectrometry‐based mapping approach using the sheep Mb as a reference sequence. The muskox Mb consists of 153 amino acid residues and shows 100% identity with sheep Mb, whereas 98.69% and 97.38% identity is found with cattle and water buffalo Mbs, respectively. Muskox Mb has an autoxidation rate (MetMb formation) higher than both cattle and water buffalo Mbs at pH 7.2 (37 °C). Moreover, its pseudoperoxidase activity is higher than both cattle and water buffalo Mbs at pH 7.4 (physiological pH), whereas it is slightly lower than cattle Mb and higher than water buffalo at a lower pH (5.8), corresponding to the conditions in meat.CONCLUSIONFor the first time, the present study reports the purification of myoglobin from muskoxen and, furthermore, a comparative study is conducted on autoxidation and pseudoperoxidase activity with respect to cattle and water buffalo Mbs at both physiological and acid pH. Overall, the results of the current research provide novel information for future studies useful to the meat industry when considering the importance of myoglobin as a principal pigment in meat colour stability. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Influence of fermentation by different microflora consortia on pulque and pulque bread properties
Authors: Kuligowski Maciej , López Otero Ricardo , Polanowska Katarzyna , Montet Didier , Jasińska‐Kuligowska Iwona , Nowak Jacek 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDPulque bread is a traditional Mexican product obtained by fermentation using microflora present only in pulque. In this study, the possibility of creating a pulque microbial consortium under laboratory conditions and its applications were evaluated. A laboratory‐made consortium was compared with a consortium originating in Mexico in bread and pulque production. They were tested in various growth medium systems: pulque made from agave sap and malt extract, Mexican wheat and rye pulque bread, and European wheat and rye bread.RESULTSDepending on the growth medium, consortiums showed differing influence on many factors, such as specific volume, weight loss after baking, soluble proteins, and crust and crumb color. Indigenous starters increased sensorial acceptance of pulque and Mexican rye bread, decreased pH, and increased titratable acidity of the breads at the highest level whereas laboratory consortia improved sensory acceptance of wheat breads. The laboratory‐prepared starter in some cases improved antiradical activity. All pulques received similar consumer evaluations. However, malt pulque was the least appreciated beverage.CONCLUSIONThe results show the possibility of creating a pulque microbial consortium under laboratory conditions. Depending on the flour type and the breadmaking technique, the use of a particular microbial consortium allowed modification of certain physicochemical parameters. In conclusion, it is feasible to modify bread parameters to obtain features corresponding to consumer demands by using an appropriate microflora, pulque, or flour type. Moreover, this research describes, for the first time, the use of rye malt for pulque and rye flour for pulque bread preparation as raw materials. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Influence of composition on the thermal behavior of oils extracted from the seeds of some Romanian grapes
Authors: Chambre Dorina R , Tociu Mihaela , Stanescu Michaela D , Popescu Crisan 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe oils obtained from grape seeds are becoming a valuable way of exploiting winery waste and their properties are scrutinized for evaluating the potential usages. We examined the oils extracted with petroleum ether from grape seeds of four varieties of grapes (Cabernet Sauvignon, Feteasca Neagra, Merlot and Pinot Noir) from Romania looking at the influence of the fatty acid profile and of the antioxidants on their thermal behavior.RESULTSThe fatty acid profiles of the oils were evaluated by 1H‐NMR spectroscopy, and the oil antioxidant capacity was determined by cupric ion reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC) method. The main fatty acid component in all the oils is linoleic acid (over 70%), which, due to its known health benefits, make the oils of commercial interest. The thermal stability of grape seed oils appears to be mainly influenced by the percentage of polyunsaturated fatty acids in their composition, less polyunsaturated fatty acids making the oils more stable. The antioxidant compounds affect only the initial stage of the decomposition by limiting the formation of hydroperoxides in the allylic positions of the fatty acid chain.CONCLUSIONCompared to pure samples of glyceryl‐unsaturated fatty acids (glyceryl‐trioleate, glyceryl‐trilinoleate), the grape seed oils exhibit higher thermal stability, due to the presence of antioxidant compounds and to a synergistic action of unsaturated and saturated fatty acids, smaller percentage of the polyunsaturated and higher percentage of the saturated fatty acids enhancing the stability. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry with triple stage fragmentation for highly selective analysis and pharmacokinetics of alarelin in rat plasma
Authors: Zhang Zhi , Li Runzhi , Liu Shihao , Yin Lei , Xu Tongtong , Fawcett John Paul , Gu Jingkai 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAlarelin, a gonadotropin‐releasing hormone analogue, is widely used in China for the treatment of endometriosis and uterine leiomyoma. In order to investigate its pharmacokinetic behavior and support the preclinical application of new formulations, we have developed a novel and highly selective bioanalytical method to determine alarelin in rat plasma based on liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry with triple stage fragmentation. After sample preparation by protein precipitation followed by reversed phase solid phase extraction, alarelin and triptorelin (internal standard) were chromatographed on an Ascentis® Express C18 column (50 mm × 4.6 mm, 2.7 µm) using gradient elution with 0.1% formic acid in water and acetonitrile at a flow rate of 1 mL/min. Detection was by positive mode electrospray ionization followed by triple stage fragmentation using the transitions at m/z 584.6→249.1→221.0 for alarelin and 656.5→249.1→176.0 for triptorelin, The assay was linear in the concentration range 0.3‐10 ng/mL with excellent precision and accuracy. It was successfully applied to a pharmacokinetic study in rats administered a dose of 13.5 µg/kg alarelin by intramuscular injection. The results show that the triple stage fragmentation strategy allows highly selective analysis of alarelin and has the potential to be widely applied to the bioassay of other peptidic drugs.
Volumetric changes in pharyngeal structures following head and neck cancer chemoradiation therapy
Authors: Hinther Ashley , Samson Nina , Lau Harold , Quon Harvey , Banerjee Robyn , Lysack John T. , Grendarova Petra , Matthews T. Wayne , Randall Derrick R. 
Published: July 2019

Objectives/HypothesisTo determine the volumetric changes in pharyngeal structures in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) treated with curative chemoradiation therapy (CRT). Patients treated with CRT for esophageal carcinoma (EC), where pharyngeal structures were not part of the radiation treatment fields, were controlled for dysphagia‐associated weight loss. We hypothesize that tissue volume alteration is a contributing factor of post‐CRT dysphagia.Study DesignCase series.MethodsThis study measured pre‐ and 1‐year posttreatment volumes of the base of tongue (BOT), parapharyngeal spaces, posterior pharyngeal constrictors (PCs), and retropharyngeal space (RPS) in patients undergoing CRT for HNSCC or EC treated January 1, 2012 to December 31, 2015. All HNSCC patients were treated to doses of 66 to 70 Gy in 30 to 33 fractions using intensity‐modulated radiotherapy techniques.ResultsOur cohort included 49 HNSCC and 11 EC patients. Within the HNSCC cohort, the PCs volume increased 1.55 cm3 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.77 to 2.34 cm3, P = .0002), RPS increased 1.22 cm3 (95% CI: 0.67 to 1.77 cm3, P < .0001), and BOT decreased 2.29 cm3 (95% CI: −0.20 to 4.79 cm3, P = .070). The EC cohort showed no significant volumetric changes for any anatomic space, with combined PCs and RPS volume changes statistically less than the HNSCC cohort (P = .031). There was no difference in mean body mass index reduction between groups (P = .10).ConclusionsVolumetric changes following CRT may play a role in posttreatment dysphagia. Our findings support loss of physiologic function from posterior pharynx tissue thickening combined with reduced pharyngeal constriction capacity, and BOT atrophy secondary to radiation effects contribute to dysphagia.Level of Evidence4Laryngoscope, 130:597–602, 2020
Fenton‐Chemistry‐Mediated Radical Polymerization
Authors: Reyhani Amin , McKenzie Thomas G. , Fu Qiang , Qiao Greg G. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIn this review, the power of a classical chemical reaction, the Fenton reaction for initiating radical polymerizations, is demonstrated. The reaction between the Fenton reagents (i.e., Fe2+ and H2O2) generates highly reactive hydroxyl radicals, which can act as radical initiators for the polymerization of vinyl monomers. Since the Fenton reaction is fast, easy to set up, cheap, and biocompatible, this unique chemistry is widely employed in various polymer synthesis studies via free radical polymerization or reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer polymerization, and is utilized in a wide range of applications, such as the fabrication of biomaterials, hydrogels, and core‐shell particles. Biologically activated Fenton‐mediated radical polymerization, which can be performed in aerobic environments, are particularly useful for applications in biomedical systems.
A variable flip angle golden‐angle‐ordered 3D stack‐of‐radial MRI technique for simultaneous proton resonant frequency shift and T1‐based thermometry
Authors: Zhang Le , Armstrong Tess , Li Xinzhou , Wu Holden H. 
Published: July 2019

PurposeTo develop and evaluate a variable‐flip‐angle golden‐angle‐ordered 3D stack‐of‐radial MRI technique for simultaneous proton resonance frequency shift (PRF) and T1‐based thermometry in aqueous and adipose tissues, respectively.MethodsThe proposed technique acquires multiecho radial k‐space data in segments with alternating flip angles to measure 3D temperature maps dynamically on the basis of PRF and T1. A sliding‐window k‐space weighted image contrast filter is used to increase temporal resolution. PRF is measured in aqueous tissues and T1 in adipose tissues using fat/water masks. The accuracy for T1 quantification was evaluated in a reference T1/T2 phantom. In vivo nonheating experiments were conducted in healthy subjects to evaluate the stability of PRF and T1 in the brain, prostate, and breast. The proposed technique was used to monitor high‐intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) ablation in ex vivo porcine fat/muscle tissues and compared to temperature probe readings.ResultsThe proposed technique achieved 3D coverage with 1.1‐mm to 1.3‐mm in‐plane resolution and 2‐s to 5‐s temporal resolution. During 20 to 30 min of nonheating in vivo scans, the temporal coefficient of variation for T1 was <5% in the brain, prostate, and breast fatty tissues, while the standard deviation of relative PRF temperature change was within 3°C in aqueous tissues. During ex vivo HIFU ablation, the temperatures measured by PRF and T1 were consistent with temperature probe readings, with an absolute mean difference within 2°C.ConclusionThe proposed technique achieves simultaneous PRF and T1‐based dynamic 3D MR temperature mapping in aqueous and adipose tissues. It may be used to improve MRI‐guided thermal procedures.
Development of a Growth Model for Lake Sturgeon
Authors: Aloisi Douglas B , Eckes Orey T , Von Eschen Aaron J 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
This study evaluated the relationship between temperature and growth rate of juvenile Lake Sturgeon Acipenser fulvescens and determined optimal temperature for growth based on weight gain and length increase. Four temperature regimes (12.0 ± 0.5, 17.0 ± 0.3, 21.6 ± 0.4, and 26.8 ± 0.6°C [mean ± SD]) were tested in triplicate to determine specific growth rates and daily length increases. In addition to growth rate, consumption rates were also assessed by recording the grams of feed offered to fish and the amount uneaten to ensure all fish were fed to satiation. Lake Sturgeon consumed 2.76, 9.63, 13.69, and 14.22% body weight/d, respectively, and grew at a specific growth rate of 0.50, 1.42, 2.01, and 1.75 mm/d, respectively. Fish consumed more food with increasing water temperature; however, daily length increase declined at 26.8°C. This study may be used to construct growth models for production programs, project size at stocking, and project feed rates based on water temperature.
Königliches im Labor
Authors: Herbig Marcus , Böhme Uwe 
Published: July 2019

AbstractMikrocontroller erfassen Messdaten und übermitteln sie an einen PC, auch im Labor. Dabei sind selbst gebaute Messgeräte mit Open‐Source‐Controllern preiswerter als kommerzielle Geräte, arbeiten aber ebenso präzise.
Stillstandsmanagement: planen, umbauen, dokumentieren
Authors: Landgraf Evelyn 
Published: July 2019

AbstractDie BASF in Schwarzheide nutzte den turnusgemäßen Stillstand der Toluylendiisocyanat‐Anlage im Jahr 2018 für Revisionen an mehreren Anlagenteilen. Das Unternehmen rüstete die Anlage um und ließ die Prozessleittechnik dem Stand der Technik anpassen.
Trendbericht Biochemie Teil 1: Peptidtherapeutika
Authors: Els‐Heindl Sylvia , Bellmann‐Sickert Kathrin 
Published: July 2019

AbstractPeptidtherapeutika und ihre Rolle in der Behandlung und Diagnostik von Tumorerkrankungen; G‐Protein‐gekoppelte Rezeptoren – ihre Struktur und Funktionsweise; Mini‐Organe aus Stammzellen; Kopplung elektrochemischer und biologischer Systeme für Synthesen und zur Stromerzeugung.
Trendbericht Biochemie Teil 4: Organoide
Authors: Mörl Karin 
Published: July 2019

AbstractPeptidtherapeutika und ihre Rolle in der Behandlung und Diagnostik von Tumorerkrankungen; G‐Protein‐gekoppelte Rezeptoren – ihre Struktur und Funktionsweise; Mini‐Organe aus Stammzellen; Kopplung elektrochemischer und biologischer Systeme für Synthesen und zur Stromerzeugung.