bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The influence of different aspects of grouse moorland management on nontarget bird assemblages
Authors: Littlewood Nick A. , Mason Tom H. E. , Hughes Martin , Jaques Rob , Whittingham Mark J. , Willis Stephen G. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Conflict between stakeholders with opposing interests can hamper biodiversity conservation. When conflicts become entrenched, evidence from applied ecology can reveal new ways forward for their management. In particular, where disagreement exists over the efficacy or ethics of management actions, research clarifying the uncertain impacts of management on wildlife can move debates forwards to conciliation.

Here, we explore a case‐study of entrenched conflict where uncertainty exists over the impacts of multiple management actions: namely, moorlands managed for the shooting of red grouse (willow ptarmigan) Lagopus lagopus in the United Kingdom (UK). Debate over how UK moorlands should be managed is increasingly polarized. We evaluate, for the first time at a regional scale, the relative impacts of two major moorland management practices—predator control and heather burning—on nontarget bird species of conservation concern.

Birds were surveyed on 18 estates across Northern England and Southeast Scotland. Sites ranged from intensively managed grouse moors to moorland sites with no management for grouse shooting. We hypothesised that both targeted predator control and burning regimes would enhance ground‐nesting wader numbers and, as a consequence of this, and of increased grouse numbers, nontarget avian predators should also be more abundant on heavily managed sites.

There were positive associations between predator control and the abundance of the three most widespread species of ground‐nesting wader: strong effects for European golden plover Pluvialis apricaria and Eurasian curlew Numenius arquata and, less strongly, for common snipe Gallinago gallinago. These effects saturated at low levels of predator control. Evidence for effects of burning was much weaker. We found no evidence of enhanced numbers of nontarget predators on heavily managed sites.
Characteristics and health care utilization among patients with chronic heart failure: a longitudinal claim database analysis
Authors: Wammes Joost Johan Godert , Auener Stefan , van der Wees Philip J. , Tanke Marit A.C. , Bellersen Louise , Westert Gert P. , Atsma Femke , Jeurissen Patrick P.T. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractAimsThis study aimed to determine the characteristics of patients with heart failure and high costs (top 1% and top 2–5% highest costs in perspective of the general population) and to explore the longitudinal health care utilization and persistency of high costs.Methods and resultsLongitudinal observational study using claims data from 2006 to 2014 in the Netherlands. We identified all patients that received a hospital treatment for chronic heart failure between 1 January 2008 and 31 December 2010. Of each selected patient, all claims from the Dutch curative health system and with a starting date between 1 January 2006 and 31 December 2014 were extracted. Pharmaceutical and hospital claims were used to establish characteristics and indicators for health care utilization. Descriptive analyses and generalized estimating equation models were used to analyse characteristics, longitudinal health care utilization and to identify factors associated with high costs. Our findings revealed that the difference in costs between top 1%, top 2–5%, and bottom 95% patients with heart failure was mainly driven by hospital costs; and the top 1% group experienced a remarkable increase of mental health costs. Top 1% and top 2–5% patients with heart failure differed from lower cost patients in their higher rate of chronic conditions, excessive polypharmacy, hospital admissions, and heart‐related surgeries. Heart‐related surgeries contributed to the incidental high costs in 54% of top 1% patients, and the costs of the remaining top 1% patients were driven by mental health and pharmaceuticals use and rates of chronic conditions and multimorbidity. Top 1% patients were relatively young. Anaemia, dementia, diseases of arteries, veins and lymphatic vessels, influenza, and kidney failure were significantly associated with high costs. The end‐of‐life period was predictive of top 1% and top 5% costs. More than 90% of the population incurred at least one top 5% year during follow‐up, and 31.8% incurred at least one top 1% year. Fifty‐seven per cent incurred multiple top 5% years whereas only 8.6% incurred multiple top 1% years. Top 5% years were more frequently consecutive than top 1% years.ConclusionsTop 1% utilization occurs predominantly incidentally and among less than a third of patients with heart failure, whereas almost all patients with heart failure experience at least one top 5% year, and more than half experience two or more top 5% years. Both medical and psychiatric/psychosocial needs contribute to high costs in heart failure patients. Comprehensive and integrated efforts are needed to further improve quality of care and reduce unnecessary costs.
Improvement of Productivity for Aqueous Biphasic Hydroformylation of Methyl 10‐Undecenoate: A Detailed Phase Investigation
Authors: Bianga Jonas , Herrmann Norman , Schurm Lasse , Gaide Tom , Dreimann Jens M. , Vogt Dieter , Seidensticker Thomas 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe overall productivity of the aqueous biphasic hydroformylation of the castor oil‐derived methyl 10‐undecenoate is increased. To increase the reaction rate, the miscibility of water and the fatty compound is increased by addition of the green solvent 1‐butanol as co‐solvent. For the first time, the concentration of solvents, substrate, and product within the reaction process is experimentally examined in a biphasic system under 20 bar pressure of synthesis gas and 140 °C. A reactor to get samples of both phases is developed to determine the quarternary mixture of the reaction system presented in a four‐dimensional tetrahedron diagram. With the knowledge gained about the reaction and its drivers, it is possible to increase the efficiency of the reaction process reported so far. With simultaneously high reaction rates (turn over frequency = >5000 h−1), the space–time yield of the reaction reaches values of >120 g L−1h−1 and can be improved significantly without negatively affecting catalyst leaching.Practical Applications: Most polymers are made of petrochemicals. Here, the development of a highly efficient process for the formation of bifunctional molecules starting from technical grade methyl 10‐undecenoate made from castor oil in an aqueous biphasic reaction system is presented. By rhodium catalyzed hydroformylation, an aldehyde ester is formed which can be used to create alcohols, carboxylic acids, and amines. Subsequently, these molecules can be used as polymer precursors in polycondensation reactions.
Application of ICD‐11 among individuals with chronic pain: A post hoc analysis of the Stanford Self‐Management Program
Authors: Hornemann Christina , Schröder Andreas , Ørnbøl Eva , Christensen Nils Balle , Høeg Marian Dalgaard , Mehlsen Mimi , Frostholm Lisbeth 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackgroundChronic primary pain (CPP) is one of seven diagnostic groups within the proposed classification of chronic pain in ICD‐11. Our aims were to apply the proposed ICD‐11 criteria in a large cohort of chronic pain patients participating in the Chronic Pain Self‐Management Program (CPSMP) and further investigate whether participants with CPP differed from participants with chronic secondary pain (CSP) regarding health, health expenditure and the effect of participating in the CPSMP.MethodsA secondary analysis of a randomized, controlled trial on the effect of the CPSMP. Four examiners categorized participants’ pain according to ICD‐11 using register‐based medical diagnoses and patients’ self‐reported symptoms. Afterwards, differences between CPP and CSP were examined.ResultsOut of 394 participants, 312 were successfully classified into CPP (n = 164) or CSP (n = 148) whereas 76 had a mixed pain condition. Participants with CPP were younger, more likely to be women, and had longer pain duration compared to participants with CSP. Participants with CPP reported worse health‐related quality of life on the SF‐36 Mental Component Summary and subscales of vitality, social functioning and bodily pain. Participants with CSP had more physical comorbidities and higher total health expenditure. None of the groups benefitted from the CPSMP.ConclusionsWe successfully applied the new classification of chronic pain in ICD‐11 on the basis of ICD‐10 medical diagnoses and symptom self‐report. Participants with CPP differed significantly from participants with CSP on baseline characteristics, self‐reported health measures and total health expenditure. The CPSMP was not effective in any of the groups.SignificanceThe current study applies the proposed new classification of chronic pain in ICD‐11 and shares the experiences of the diagnostic rating procedure of individuals with chronic pain. Furthermore, it evaluates the effect of the Stanford Self‐Management Program.
Clinical Utility of an Increase in Magnetic Resonance Elastography in Predicting Fibrosis Progression in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Authors: Ajmera Veeral H. , Liu Amy , Singh Seema , Yachoa Georg , Ramey Matthew , Bhargava Meera , Zamani Ava , Lopez Scarlett , Mangla Neeraj , Bettencourt Ricki , Rizo Emily , Valasek Mark , Behling Cynthia , Richards Lisa , Sirlin Claude , Loomba Rohit 
Published: September 2019

Background and Aims
Cross‐sectional studies have shown that magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) is accurate in the noninvasive detection of advanced fibrosis in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, there are limited data on the longitudinal association between an increase in liver stiffness on MRE and fibrosis progression in NAFLD. Therefore, using a well‐characterized prospective cohort of patients with biopsy‐proven NAFLD, we aimed to examine the longitudinal association between a 15% increase in liver stiffness on MRE and fibrosis progression in NAFLD.

Approach and Results
This prospective cohort study included 102 patients (62.7% women) with biopsy‐proven NAFLD who underwent contemporaneous MRE and liver biopsy at baseline followed by a repeat paired liver biopsy and MRE assessment. The primary outcome was odds of fibrosis progression by one or more stage as assessed by the Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis Clinical Research Network histologic scoring system. The mean (±SD) of age and body mass index (BMI) were 52 (±14) years and 32.6 (±5.3) kg/m2, respectively. The median time interval between the two paired assessments was 1.4 years (interquartile range 2.15 years). The number of patients with fibrosis stages 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4 was 27, 36, 12, 17, and 10, respectively. In unadjusted analysis, a 15% increase in MRE was associated with increased odds of histologic fibrosis progression (odds ratio [OR], 3.56; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.17‐10.76; P = 0.0248). These findings remained clinically and statistically significant even after multivariable adjustment for age, sex, and BMI (adjusted OR, 3.36; 95% CI, 1.10‐10.31; P = 0.0339). A 15% increase in MRE was the strongest predictor of progression to advanced fibrosis (OR, 4.90; 95% CI, 1.35‐17.84; P = 0.0159).

Conclusions
A 15% increase in liver stiffness on MRE may be associated with histologic fibrosis progression and progression from early fibrosis to advanced fibrosis.
An Israeli Gynecologic Oncology Group study of statin use and endometrial cancer prognosis
Authors: Segev Yakir , Gemer Ofer , Helpman Limor , Hag‐Yahia Nasreen , Eitan Ram , Raban Oded , Vaknin Zvi , Ben‐Arie Alon , Amit Amnon , Levy Tally , Namazov Ahmed , Voldarsky Michael , Shachar Inbar Ben , Atlas Ilan , Bruchim Ilan , Lavie Ofer 
Published: September 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo assess whether statin use by endometrial cancer patients was associated with a survival advantage.MethodsA retrospective chart review study, by the Israeli Gynecologic Oncology Group, of consecutive endometrial cancer patients who underwent surgery in one of 11 medical centers between 2002 and 2014. Clinical and pathological reports, and measures of survival were compared between statin users and nonusers. Kaplan‐Meier and Cox proportional hazard models were used to assess the effect of using statins on survival measures.ResultsOver a mean follow‐up period of 6.2 years (range, 1–12 years) for 2017 endometrial cancer patients with complete data, 663 (32.8%) used statins prior to diagnosis and 1354 (67.1%) did not. No statistically significant differences between the groups were observed for most demographic and clinical characteristics. There was no difference between statin users and nonusers in 5‐year recurrence‐free survival (82% vs 83%; P=0.508), disease‐specific survival (86% vs 84%; P=0.549), or overall survival (77% vs 75%; P=0.901).ConclusionsIn this large cohort of patients with endometrial cancer, no significant associations were found between use of statins and endometrial cancer survival.
Decomposable super‐simple RBIBDs with block size 4 and index 6
Authors: Sun Xianwei , Abel R. Julian R. , Yu Huangshen , Wu Dianhua 
Published: September 2019

AbstractNecessary conditions for the existence of a decomposable super‐simple resolvable ‐BIBD whose two component subdesigns are both resolvable ‐BIBDs are (mod ) and . In this paper, it is proved that these necessary conditions are sufficient, except possibly for .
Association between serum ferritin and the severity of drug eruptions
Authors: Pan Yunlei , Tang Shunli , Zheng Siting , Li Sheng , Zhu Dingxian , Fang Hong , Qiao Jianjun 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackgroundEarly recognition and treatment for severe drug eruption are important in improving clinical outcomes. A few studies have reported laboratory parameters to evaluate the severity of drug eruptions. This study aimed to determine the association between serum ferritin and the severity of drug eruptions.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed patients diagnosed with drug eruptions in our hospital from 2013 to 2018.ResultsWe identified 85 patients (mean age 53.4 years), 20 in the severe cutaneous adverse drug reactions (SCADRs) group and 65 in the non‐SCADRs group. Serum ferritin level was higher in the SCADRs group compared with that in the CADRs group (P<.001). Serum ferritin was positively associated with peripheral white blood cell count, aspartate aminotransferase level, alanine aminotransferase level, blood glucose level, blood creatinine level, and body temperature. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis revealed a good diagnostic value of ferritin (area under the curve [AUC]:0.87, 95% confidence interval [CI]:0.78‐0.96) with a sensitivity of 80% and a specificity of 87.7% at a cutoff value of 416.15 ng/mL.ConclusionsSerum ferritin is significantly associated with the severity of CADRs and hence might be potentially used to evaluate the severity of CADRs.
The biogenesis and biological functions of circular RNAs and their molecular diagnostic values in cancers
Authors: Zhang Haiyan , Shen Yijing , Li Zhe , Ruan Yao , Li Tianwen , Xiao Bingxiu , Sun Weiliang 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackgroundIn addition to non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs), circular RNAs (circRNAs) are endogenous RNAs with various functions, which have recently become a research hotspot. CircRNAs are a kind of closed circular RNA molecule widely existing in transcriptomes. Due to lack of free ends, they are not easily cleaved by RNase R, thus avoiding degradation. They are more stable than linear RNAs.MethodsData were collected through PubMed. The following search terms were used: “circular RNA,” “circRNA,” “cancer,” “mechanism,” “biogenesis,” “biomarker,” “diagnosis.” Only articles published in English were included.ResultsMost circRNAs express tissue/developmental stage specificity. Moreover, circRNAs are involved in the regulation of a variety of biological activities. In this review, we discuss the formation, classification, and biological functions of circRNAs, especially their molecular diagnostic values in common cancers, including gastric cancer (hsa_circ_002059, circ_LARP4, hsa_circ_0000190, hsa_circ_0000096, circ‐SFMBT2, and circ_PVT1), hepatocellular carcinoma (circ_104075, circRNA_100338, circ_MTO1, and circZKSCAN1), colorectal cancer (hsa_circ_0136666 and hsa_circ_0000523), lung cancer (hsa_circ_0006427, circ_100876, and circ_ABCB10), breast cancer (hsa_circ_0089105, circAGFG1, and circEPSTI1), bladder cancer (circFNDC3B and circTFRC), and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (circ_100876 and circ‐DLG1).ConclusionCircRNAs not only play important roles in tumorigenesis, but also may become new diagnostic biomarkers.
Inhibition of tumor propellant glutathione peroxidase 4 induces ferroptosis in cancer cells and enhances anticancer effect of cisplatin
Authors: Zhang Xuefei , Sui Shiyao , Wang Lingling , Li Haixia , Zhang Lei , Xu Shouping , Zheng Xiulan 
Published: September 2019

AbstractGlutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) has been confirmed to inhibit ferroptosis in cancer cells, however, whether GPX4 serves as an oncogene is not clear. In this study, the expression of GPX4 and its influence to survival of patients with cancer were analyzed via public databases. Furthermore, the epigenetic regulation of GPX4 and the relation between GPX4 and chemoresistance of different anticancer drugs was also detected. Most importantly, cytological assays were performed to investigate the function of GPX4 in cancer cells. The results showed that GPX4 was higher expressed in cancer tissues than normal and was negatively associated with prognosis of patients. Furthermore, at upstream of GPX4 there was low DNA methylation sites and enhanced level of H3K4me3 and H3K27ac, indicating that high level of GPX4 in cancer may resulted from epigenetic regulation. Moreover, GPX4 was positively related to chemoresistance of anticancer drugs L‐685458, lapatinib, palbociclib, and topotecan. In addition, GPX4 may potentially be involved in translation of protein, mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I assembly, electron transport oxidative phosphorylation, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and metabolic pathways. Finally, we detected that GPX4 inhibited ferroptosis in cancer cells, the inhibition of GPX4 via RSL3 could enhance the anticancer effect of cisplatin in vitro and in vivo. In conclusion, GPX4 acts as an oncogene and inhibits ferroptosis in cancer cells, the anticancer effect of cisplatin can be enhanced by GPX4 inhibition.
A P53‐related microRNA model for predicting the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma patients
Authors: Fang Shuang‐Sang , Guo Jin‐Cheng , Zhang Jian‐Hua , Liu Jin‐Na , Hong Shuai , Yu Bo , Gao Yuhan , Hu Su‐Pei , Liu Hai‐Zhong , Sun Liang , Zhao Yi 
Published: September 2019

AbstractStudies have shown that microRNAs (miRNAs) play a vital role in tumor progression and patients’ prognosis. Therefore, we aimed to construct a miRNA model for forecasting the survival of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. The gene expression data of 433 patients with HCC from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus public databases were remined by survival analysis and receptor manipulation characteristic curve (ROC). A prognostic model including six miRNAs (hsa‐mir‐26a‐1‐3p, hsa‐mir‐188‐5p, hsa‐mir‐212‐5p, hsa‐mir‐149‐5p, hsa‐mir‐105‐5p, and hsa‐mir‐132‐5p) were constructed in the training dataset (TCGA, n = 333). HCC patients were stratified into a high‐risk group and a low‐risk group with significantly different survival (median: 2.75 vs. 8.93 years, log‐rank test p < .001). Then we proved its performance of stratification in another independent dataset (GSE116182, median: 2.55 vs 6.96 years, log‐rank test p = .008). Cox regression analysis showed that the prognostic model was an independent prognostic indicator for HCC patients. Then time‐dependent ROC analyses were performed to test the prognostic ability of the model with that of TNM staging, we found the model had a better performance, especially at 5 years (AUC = 0.76). Functional prediction showed that the genes targeted by the six prognostic miRNAs in the prognostic model were highly expressed in the P53‐related pathway. In conclusion, we constructed a prognostic miRNA model that could indicate the survival of HCC patients.
Age‐related neurodegenerative diseases
Authors: Duggan Michael , Torkzaban Bahareh , Ahooyi Taha Mohseni , Khalili Kamel , Gordon Jennifer 
Published: September 2019

AbstractConverging evidence indicates the dysregulation of unique cytosolic compartments called stress granules (SGs) might facilitate the accumulation of toxic protein aggregates that underlie many age‐related neurodegenerative pathologies (ANPs). SG dynamics are particularly susceptible to the cellular conditions that are commonly induced by aging, including the elevation in reactive oxygen species and increased concentration of aggregate‐prone proteins. In turn, the persistent formation of these compartments is hypothesized to serve as a seed for subsequent protein aggregation. Notably, the protein quality control (PQC) machinery responsible for inhibiting persistent SGs (e.g., Hsc70–BAG3) can become compromised with age, suggesting that the modulation of such PQC mechanisms could reliably inhibit pathological processes of ANPs. As exemplified in the context of accelerated aging syndromes (i.e., Hutchinson–Gilford progeria), PQC enhancement is emerging as a potential therapeutic strategy, indicating similar techniques might be applied to ANPs. Collectively, these recent findings advance our understanding of how the processes that might facilitate protein aggregation are particularly susceptible to aging conditions, and present investigators with an opportunity to develop novel targets for ANPs.
Culture‐dependent diversity of bacteria from Laohugou glacier, Qilian Mts., China and their resistance against metals
Authors: Ali Barkat , Sajjad Wasim , Ghimire Prakriti Sharma , Shengyun Chen , Minghui Wu , Kang Shichang 
Published: September 2019

AbstractIn the current study, psychrophilic, endolithic, and epilithic bacterial strains were isolated and characterized from the nonpolar Laohugou glacier (LHG) no. 12, the largest valley glacier in the western Qilian Mts. located on the northeastern edge of the Tibetan Plateau. Five different types of samples, rocks, soil, glacial water, ice/snow, and cryoconite, were collected. A total of 48 bacterial strains were isolated by using the R2A bacterial cultural medium. The findings revealed that the Gram‐positive bacteria 41 (85.4%) dominated the Gram‐negative bacteria 7 (14.6%) in this extremely harsh environment. Molecular characterization based on 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing exhibited that the obtained isolates belong to four phyla, among which the diversity of Firmicutes (58.33%) was higher followed by Actinobacteria (23.0%), Proteobacteria (14.6%), and least diversity was reported in Euryarchaeota (4.2%). The bacterial communities were most dominant in soil samples followed by cryoconite sample and least dominant in the ice and snow samples. Moreover, the obtained bacterial isolates were found resistant to high concentrations of heavy metals (Cr3+, Cd2+, Hg2+, and Ar3+) and sodium chloride, and, therefore, exhibited polyextremophilic characteristics. LHG no. 12 is rich in bacterial and archaeal diversities and provides a potentially curious site for further in‐depth exploration of microbial diversity and their biotechnological applications.