bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Social empathy for society beyond the social work profession: A contextual understanding of poverty and attitudes towards government interventions
Authors: Yoo Chanki , Jang Wonho 
Published: September 2019

Empathie sociale. Au-delà de la profession de travailler social : compréhension contextuelle de la pauvreté and les attitudes envers l’intervention étatique. Sur la base des études sur l’empathie sociale, nous examinons la relation entre la compréhension contextuelle de la pauvreté et son attitude vis-à-vis de l’intervention gouvernementale visant à accroître le bien-être social. En utilisant les données de l’Enquête sociale générale coréenne, cette étude fournit des preuves d’une relation entre la compréhension contextuelle et l’attitude vis-à-vis du bien-être. Ceux qui sont conscients que les gens souffrent de pauvreté en raison d’un oppressif structurel ont tendance à avoir une attitude positive et proactive à l’égard de l’intervention du gouvernement pour le bien-être des pauvres. Sur la base de ces résultats, nous suggérons également des points de départ pour de futures discussions sur le sujet.
Probability Model of the Inaccuracy of Residual Stromal Thickness Prediction to Reduce the Risk of Ectasia After LASIK Part II: Quantifying Population Risk
Authors: Reinstein Dan Z , Srivannaboon Sabong , Archer Timothy J , Silverman Ronald H , Sutton Hugo , Coleman D Jackson 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To derive a statistical model to estimate the rate of excessive keratectomy depth below a selected cut-off residual stromal thickness (RST) given a minimum target RST and specific Clinical Protocol; apply the model to estimate the RST below which ectasia appears likely to occur and back-calculate the safe minimum target RST that should be used given a specific Clinical Protocol.
METHODS: Myopia and corneal thickness distribution were modeled for a population of 5212 eyes that underwent LASIK. The probability distribution of predicted target RST error (Part I) was used to calculate the rate of excessive keratectomy depth for this series. All treatments were performed using the same Clinical Protocol; one surgeon, Moria LSK-One microkeratome, NIDEK EC-5000 excimer laser, Orbscan pachymetry, and a minimum target RST of 250 µm-the Vancouver Clinical Protocol. The model estimated the RST below which ectasia appears likely to occur and back-calculated the safe minimum target RST. These values were recalculated for a series of microkeratomes using published flap thickness statistics as well as for the Clinical Protocol of one of the authors-the London Clinical Protocol.
RESULTS: In the series of 5212 eyes, 6 (0.12%) cases of ectasia occurred. The model predicted an RST of 191 µm for ectasia to occur and that a minimum target RST of 329 µm would have reduced the rate of ectasia to 1:1,000,000 for the Vancouver Clinical Protocol. The model predicted that the choice of microkeratome varied the rate of ectasia between 0.01 and 11,623 eyes per million and the safe minimum target RST between 220 and 361 µm. The model predicted the rate of ectasia would have been 0.000003:1,000,000 had the London Clinical Protocol been used for the Vancouver case series.
CONCLUSIONS: There appears to be no universally safe minimum target RST to assess suitability for LASIK largely due to the disparity in accuracy and reproducibility of microkeratome flap thickness. This model may be used as a tool to evaluate the risk of ectasia due to excessive keratectomy depth and help determine the minimum target RST given a particular Clinical Protocol. [J Refract Surg. 2006;22:861-870.]
Higher Order Aberrations in Normal Eyes Measured With Three Different Aberrometers
Authors: Burakgazi Ahmet Z , Tinio Bernard , Bababyan Alejandro , Niksarli Kevin Kevork , Asbell Penny 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To assess the repeatability of measurements of higher order aberrations using three different aberrometers and to compare higher order aberration measurements between optical path difference (OPD) scanning and the Hartmann-Shack method.
METHODS: Wavefront aberration data obtained using the NIDEK OPD-Scan, Bausch & Lomb Zywave wavefront aberrometer, and VISX CustomVue wavefront analyzer were compared. A total of 19 subjects were included in the study. The repeatability in each machine was assessed by calculating the difference between measurements and the mean of three consecutive measurements in the same eye. Subsequent analysis of the distribution of these differences yields the mean difference, the standard deviation of the differences, and the 95% confidence interval for repeated measurements, also termed the "repeatability coefficient."
RESULTS: Repeatability errors in all three machines were found to be low, suggesting that all three machines are reliable in their repeated measurements. Significant differences were demonstrated between OPD scanning and Hartmann-Shack aberrometers. All three machines showed statistically significant differences in several higher order aberration parameters when compared to each other.
CONCLUSIONS: The three different aberrometers provided repeata ble measurements but statistical differences were noted in the measurement of higher order aberrations when comparing the machines. No instrument was superior over the other and all three were reliable. [J Refract Surg. 2006;22:898-903.]
ZB5M Anterior Chamber and Fyodorov's Posterior Chamber Phakic Intraocular Lenses: Long-term Follow-up
Authors: Utine Canan A , Bayraktar Sukru , Kaya Vedat , Eren Hakan , Perente Irfan , Kucuksumer Yasar , Kevser Mehmet Ali , Yilmaz Ömer F 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To compare the long-term complications of two outdated phakic intraocular lenses (PIOL) implanted in eyes with high myopia to aid development of better PIOL designs.
METHODS: Sixty-two eyes of 37 patients implanted with the ZB5M anterior chamber PIOL (anterior chamber group) and 22 eyes of 14 patients implanted with Fyodorov's posterior chamber PIOL (posterior chamber group) were examined. Complications were compared after a mean follow-up of 71.15±32.17 months (range: 24 to 145 months) in the anterior chamber group and 84.14±26.43 months (range: 24 to 132 months) in the posterior chamber group (P=.07).
RESULTS: At last follow-up, pupil ovalization was present in 32 (51.6%) eyes in the anterior chamber group and 1 (4.5%) eye in the posterior chamber group (P<.001), and cataract in 5 (8.1%) eyes in the anterior chamber group and 7 (31.8%) eyes in the posterior chamber group (P=.007). Phakic intraocular lens decentration, glaucoma, retinal detachment, corneal decomposition, and monocular diplopia were additional complications encountered in both groups, with no statistically significant difference.
CONCLUSIONS: Proper understanding of these outdated PIOLs may be helpful in developing better PIOL designs. [J Refract Surg. 2006;22:906-910.]
Reliability of Corneal and Total Wavefront Aberration Measurements With the SCHWIND Corneal and Ocular Wavefront Analyzers
Authors: Holzer Mike P , Sassenroth Martin , Auffarth Gerd U 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To evaluate the reliability of the SCHWIND Corneal and Ocular Wavefront Analyzers.
METHODS: This study comprised 115 eyes of 58 healthy volunteers (26 [44.8%] women and 32 [55.2%] men) with no corneal or lenticular pathologies and normal visual acuity. All eyes underwent three consecutive measurements by one examiner with the Corneal Wavefront Analyzer and the Ocular Wavefront Analyzer (Hartmann-Shack principle). Corneal wavefront errors were calculated using the topography data, a standard eye model, and ray tracing. The reliability was tested for 2nd, 3rd, and 4th order aberrations as mean values of the standard deviations for all measurements.
RESULTS: Mean patient age was 23±2.1 years. The mean refraction was -0.77±1.56 diopters (D) (range: +3.33 to -5.28 D). The repeatability test revealed a good reliability for both machines with a slightly better value for the Ocular Wavefront Analyzer for 3rd and 4th order higher order aberrations (P<.05, Wilcoxon test).
CONCLUSIONS: Wavefront measurements of corneal and total optical aberrations performed with the Corneal Wavefront Analyzer and the Ocular Wavefront Analyzer have good reliability. Both measurements are recommended prior to any refractive surgery treatment. [J Refract Surg. 2006;22:917-920.]
Measurement of Combined Corneal, Internal, and Total Ocular Optical Quality Analysis in Anterior Segment Pathology With the OPD-Scan and OPD-Station
Authors: Gatinel Damien , Hoang-Xuan Thanh 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To show the clinical use of the NIDEK OPD-Scan wavefront aberrometer and OPD-Station software in anterior segment surgery and pathology.
METHODS: Case examples are presented along with discussion about the relevant clinical data obtained from the OPD-Scan and OPD-Station software.
RESULTS: Six case examples including cataract surgery, secondary IOL implantation, phakic intraocular lens surgery, pterygium surgery, contact lens fitting, and multifocal ablations are discussed.
CONCLUSIONS: A complete understanding of the optics of the eye facilitates a better clinical comprehension of a variety of conditions in anterior segment surgery and pathology. [J Refract Surg. 2006;22:S1014-S1020.]
Wavefront Analysis in Asian-Brazilians
Authors: Nakano Eliane Mayumi , Bains Harkaran , Nakano Kozo , Nakano Celso , Portellinha Waldir , Oliveira Marivaldo , Alvarenga Lenio 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To compare the distribution of ocular higher order wavefront aberrations (third to sixth order) in the Brazilian population of Asian and non-Asian refractive surgery patients.
METHODS: Preoperative refractive and wavefront data were reviewed for 648 eyes in 324 patients who underwent custom ablation at the Excimer Laser Santa Cruz refractive surgery center in São Paulo, Brazil, from March 2002 to July 2005. Patients were divided into two groups: Asian patients and non-Asian patients, based on family history. Statistical analysis was performed to assess the differences between the groups with respect to manifest refractive spherical equivalent, astigmatism, pachymetry, OPD-root-square-mean (RMS) for a 6.0-mm pupil, total wavefront aberrations, third- to sixth-order higher order aberrations, and individual aberrations.
RESULTS: The mean spherical equivalent refraction in the Asian group of -4.38 diopters (D) was significantly higher than the spherical equivalent refraction of -3.46 D in the non-Asian group (t=-4.32; P=.00001). Comparison of the differences between groups with respect to higher order aberrations, coma, trefoil, quadrafoil, spherical aberration, higher order astigmatism, and pachymetry was not statistically significant.
CONCLUSIONS: Asian patients have a higher prevalence of myopia than non-Asian patients. No differences were noted in higher order aberrations between Asian and non-Asian patients. [J Refract Surg. 2006;22:S1024-S1026.]
Precision of Higher Order Aberration Repeatability With NIDEK OPD-Scan Retinoscopic Aberrometry
Authors: Barreto Jackson , Netto Marcelo V , Cigna Alberto , Bechara Samir , Kara-José Newton 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To evaluate repeatability of the total high order aberrations with a retinoscopic wavefront sensor.
METHODS: This prospective case series analyzed 12 eyes from 6 patients who underwent wavefront measurement using retinoscopic aberrometry with the NIDEK Optical Path Difference Scan (OPD-Scan). Four consecutive wavefront measurements of each eye were taken by two trained examiners for 5.8±0.8-mm and 8.2±0.6-mm pupils (P=.002, Wilcoxon test). Total high order aberrations out to the eighth order were assessed including third order coma, third order trefoil, fourth order quadrafoil, fourth order secondary astigmatism, and fourth order spherical aberrations. Differences between measurements of all of the variables were analyzed. A P value <.05 was considered statistically significant.
RESULTS: Repeatability analysis of the root-mean-square of total higher order aberrations, coma, trefoil, quadrafoil, secondary astigmatism, and spherical aberrations for both dilated and nondilated pupils did not show a statistically significant difference among all repeated measurements, except for trefoil and secondary astigmatism (analysis of variance and the Friedman test). The repeatability of total higher order aberrations was 0.15 µm for nondilated pupils and 0.18 µm for dilated pupils. Except for trefoil measurements, all high order aberrations showed reproducibility >0.15 µm when Zernike coefficients were analyzed individually.
CONCLUSIONS: The NIDEK OPD-Scan aberrometer measures total higher order astigmatism and most individual aberrations with acceptable repeatability. However, measurement of trefoil with this instrument is less repeatable. [J Refract Surg. 2006;22:S1037-S1040.]
Improvement of Best Spectacle-corrected Visual Acuity After LASIK in Highly Myopic Eyes With Reduced Preoperative Best Spectacle-corrected Visual Acuity
Authors: He Rui , Qu Min , Fen Yi , Yu Shun 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To evaluate the visual acuity after LASIK in patients with high myopia and in patients with preoperative best spectacle-corrected visual acuity (BSCVA) <0.6.
METHODS: This retrospective study comprised 97 consecutive eyes in 57 patients who underwent LASIK. Preoperative spherical refractive error ranged from -1.75 to -22.00 diopters (D) (mean: -11.77±3.61 D) with mean astigmatism of -1.54 ±10.6 (range: 0 to -4.00 D). Pre- and postoperative BSCVA and uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) were measured and analyzed.
RESULTS: The mean preoperative BSCVA was 0.54±0.07 (range: 0.3 to 0.6). The mean postoperative BSCVA was 0.75±0.16 (range: 0.5 to 1.2). The mean postoperative UCVA was 0.60±0.25 (range: 0.5 to 1.2). A statistically significant improvement was noted in the mean postoperative BSCVA compared with the mean preoperative BSCVA (t= 12.78; P<.001) and mean postoperative UCVA compared with preoperative mean BSCVA (t=2.866; P<.01). The safety index was 1.38, which was statistically significant (P<.001). The efficacy index was 1.11, which was statistically significant (P<.01).
CONCLUSIONS: LASIK improved the mean postoperative BSCVA and UCVA compared with preoperative BSCVA in highly myopic eyes with reduced BSCVA. [J Refract Surg. 2006;22:S1053-S1055.]
DEMETRIOU, Tania e Tomlinson, ROWAN. The Culture of Translation Early Modern England and France, 1500–1660. United Kingdom: Palgrave Macmillan, 2015, 244 p.
Authors: Da Silva Luciana Alves 
Published: September 2019

The Culture of Translation Early Modern England and France, 1500–1660, organizado por Tania Demetriou e Rowan Tomlinson, conta com uma introdução feita pelas autoras e dez capítulos, cada um composto por um artigo de um pesquisador. The Culture of Translation Early Modern England and France, 1500–1660 explora as variadas modalidades e intervenções relacionadas à tradução na Inglaterra e na França, importantes polos de produção literária e cultural no início da Idade Moderna. Embora marcados por tradições literárias e tradutológicas distintas, os dois países estiveram sempre vinculados por laços políticos, comerciais, intelectuais e religiosos.
Bolaño, Roberto. O espírito da ficção científica. Tradução de Eduardo Brandão – 1ª ed. – São Paulo: Companhia das Letras. 2017, 182 p.
Authors: Dos Santos Francisco Ewerton Almeida 
Published: September 2019

Trata-se de Resenha de tradução. A obra analisada é O espírito da ficção científica, tradução para o português brasileiro realizada por Eduardo Brandão para o romance El espiritu de la ciência-ficción, do escritor chileno Roberto Bolaño.
Significant multidecadal variability in German wind energy generation
Authors: Wohland Jan , Omrani Nour Eddine , Keenlyside Noel , Witthaut Dirk 
Published: September 2019

Abstract. Wind energy has seen large deployment and substantial cost reductions over the last decades. Further ambitious upscaling is urgently needed to keep the goals of the Paris Agreement within reach. While the variability in wind power generation poses a challenge to grid integration, much progress in quantifying, understanding and managing it has been made over the last years. Despite this progress, relevant modes of variability in energy generation have been overlooked. Based on long-term reanalyses of the 20th century, we demonstrate that multidecadal wind variability has significant impact on wind energy generation in Germany. These modes of variability can not be detected in modern reanalyses that are typically used for energy applications because modern reanalyses are too short (around 40 years of data). We show that energy generation over a 20-year wind park lifetime varies by around ±5 % and the summer-to-winter ratio varies by around ±15 %. Moreover, ERA-Interim-based annual and winter generations are biased high as the period 1979–2010 overlaps with a multidecadal maximum of wind energy generation. The induced variations in wind park lifetime revenues are on the order of 10 % with direct implications for profitability. Our results suggest rethinking energy system design as an ongoing and dynamic process. Revenues and seasonalities change on a multidecadal timescale, and so does the optimum energy system layout.
Understanding the Role of Summer Camps in the Learning Landscape: An Exploratory Sequential Study
Authors: Richmond Dan , Sibthorp Jim , Wilson Cait 
Published: September 2019

Summer camp is an important setting within the learning landscape of youth—a landscape that also includes school, sports, arts and music, religious settings, home, and eventually, work. While research on camp outcomes is abundant, practitioners and policymakers have little empirical evidence that summer camp participation offers long-term impact and value. The purpose of this study was to build on existing camp research to identify learning outcomes that are highly attributable to camp participation and to determine whether these outcomes are considered important in everyday life. A second purpose was to identify other settings that may contribute to learning outcomes often associated with camp participation. This study used mixed methods design and involved a national sample of 352 individuals (18-25 years old) who had attended camp for at least 3 weeks in their youth and had not worked at a camp. Alumni reported that the development of independence, perseverance, responsibility, appreciation for differences, and appreciation for being present were camp-related outcomes that were highly attributable to their camp experiences and that these outcomes were also of high importance in daily life. Among all outcomes that were highly attributable to camp, study participants noted that camp was a primary setting for developing affinity for nature, how to live with peers, leisure skills, a willingness to try new things, independence, being present, and empathy and compassion. School and home were primary learning settings for other outcomes. Findings from this study help identify where camp is particularly effective in promoting lasting outcomes and areas where camps may need more intentionality and resources.
RECONFIGURACION DEL CAPITAL EN LA ARGENTINA. EL DEBATE SOBRE LA FRACCION HEGEMONICA EN EL GOBIERNO DE MACRI
Authors: Cieza Daniel 
Published: September 2019

El surgimiento de gobiernos reaccionarios en América Latina durante los últimos años estaría indicando un nuevo ciclo conservador que tiene algunas similitudes con los años 90. Es por eso que algunos autores hablan de un neoliberalismo tardío, con referencia a las gestiones de Mauricio Macri, Michel Temer, Iván Duque o Enrique Peña Nieto. Consideramos que, en rigor, se trata de un fenómeno distinto al neoliberalismo de los 90, ya que en los últimos años se viene operando una reconfiguración del capital y por ende de las clases dominantes. No sólo se ha dado un proceso de financierización, sino que en los últimos años se observa un gran dinamismo de la economía ilícita en el ámbito internacional. En el caso argentino se ha configurado un régimen mafioso. A tres años y medio de Gobierno, se ha consumado una fuga hacia delante de saqueo y autoritarismo. Pero además cobra fuerza la hipótesis de que el “Macrismo” no es un hecho aislado sino expresión de un capitalismo trasnacional mafioso. En efecto, si hay que señalar un sector que se ha beneficiado con la gestión Macrista sería el de grandes corporaciones locales e internacionales que no se caracterizan precisamente por generar inversiones productivas y empleo de calidad, sino que se destacan por ser evasores sistemáticos del cumplimiento de la legislación fiscal y laboral.
Vietnam-China Trade Relations and the Effects of the US-China Trade War
Authors: Hiep Nguyen Quang 
Published: September 2019

By calculating the trade indexes (TII, RCA and IIT), mainly in the period 2001-2017, the article analyzes current situation of the dependent relationship and ability to complement each other on trade between Vietnam and China. The results show that Vietnam and China are increasingly becoming important trade partners of each other; Vietnam and China have a particular advantage in the export structure of its exports, showing the trade relations between the two countries are complementary to each other; and the level of intra-industry trade between Vietnam and China is quite high. The US - China trade war broke out will cause the reversal of the global trade environment. However, in short term, the trade context of the Vietnam - China less affected by this tension. But in the long term, the sanctions are expanded to different sectors will can have unpredictable effects.
Ce que le développement fait au traitement d’un passé violent. Élites et pratiques de la « réparation communautaire » au Maroc
Authors: Vairel Frédéric 
Published: September 2019

Cet article analyse le programme de réparation communautaire issu des recommandations formulées en 2005 par l’Instance Équité et Réconciliation, la Commission vérité marocaine. Il interroge la façon dont les prescriptions internationales en matière de gestion des passés violents, ladite « justice transitionnelle », influencent les dynamiques locales d’élaboration et de mise en oeuvre du programme et comment, dans le même temps, l’action publique s’inscrit dans des logiques qui la précèdent, à ses différentes échelles. Le texte souligne deux processus. D’une part, la réparation communautaire met en lien des acteurs aux ressources et aux positionnements divers : militants entrés en politiques publiques, administrations, collectivités locales, associations, bailleurs de fonds, agence de mise en oeuvre (Caisse des dépôts et de gestion). Les investissements multiples dont la réparation fait l’objet sont au principe de définitions hétérogènes du programme. De l’autre, la réparation communautaire est formulée en termes de gouvernance et mise en oeuvre de façon managériale : l’internationalisation et l’inscription dans un ensemble de réformes menées sans toucher aux équilibres du système politique vont de pair. L’enquête révèle cependant le déploiement de politisations inattendues. Ces dernières opèrent dans la captation des fonds du programme, qui permet à des leaderships locaux de consolider leur assise ou de se déployer, dans un contexte de stress sur les ressources.