bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development and validation of a dried blood spot test for thiamine deficiency among infants by HPLC–fluorimetry
Authors: Mathew Elizabeth Mary , Sakore Pradnya , Lewis Leslie , Manokaran Kalaivani , Rao Pragna , Moorkoth Sudheer 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThiamine deficiency, if detected early in infancy, can be treated with thiamine supplementation and can prevent seizures, other disabilities and death. The dried blood spot (DBS) sampling technique is an attractive sample collection technique for infants. The present study reports the development and validation of a highly sensitive and precise method for quantification of thiamine diphosphate from DBS. The method utilizes full‐spot analysis of a volumetrically deposited 40 μl DBS. The analyte was extracted from the DBS using 50% methanol and then derivatized using potassium ferricyanide to thiochrome. Separation was achieved with the help of an Inertsil ODS C18 column (5.0 μm, 250 × 4.6 mm) using 150 mm phosphate buffer pH 7–acetonitrile (90:10, % v/v) as the mobile phase. The use of a fluorimetric detector gave a good response to the thiochrome derivative offering good sensitivity for the method. The excitation and emission wavelengths were 367 and 435 nm, respectively. The limit of detection and lower limit of quantification were 5 and 10 ng/ml, respectively. Linearity was demonstrated from 10 to 1000 ng/ml, and precision (CV) was <12.08%, at all tested quality control levels. The method accuracy was 89.34–118.89% with recoveries >80%. Bland–Altman analysis of DBS sampling vs. whole blood demonstrated a mean bias of only 1.16 ng/ml, with a majority of the 60 investigated patient samples lying within 7.2% of the corresponding concentration measured in blood, thereby meeting the clinical desirable biological specification criterion and showing that the two methods are comparable.
Effect of IDH3a on glucose uptake in lung adenocarcinoma: A pilot study based on [18F]FDG
Authors: Du Bulin , Sun Tong , Li Xuena , Diao Yao , Li Yaming 
Published: July 2019

AbstractSubunit of isocitrate dehydrogenase 3 (IDH3a) as upstream of the hypoxia‐inducible factor was reported highly expressed in malignant tumors, playing an important role in glucose metabolism reprogramming. As one of rate‐limiting enzyme in the Krebs cycle, whether high expression of IDH3a affects glucose uptake in tumors has not been elucidated. This study was aimed to investigate the relationship between IDH3a expression and tumor glucose uptake. Sixty‐five patients who underwent 2‐[18F]‐2‐deoxy‐D‐glucose ([18F]‐FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) imaging before surgery and pathologically diagnosed as lung adenocarcinoma were included. All patients were divided into high (n = 31) and low (n = 34) groups according IDH3a expression by immunohistochemistry. Comparatively higher [18F]‐FDG uptake was found in high IDH3a expression group. Glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) level was demonstrated to correlate with IDH3a expression, but not for hexokinase 2 (HK2). Furthermore, A549 and H1299 cells experiment showed, the expression of p‐AKT and GLUT1 were significantly downregulated after IDH3a interference. The cellular uptake of [18F]‐FDG and lactate production were significantly reduced in treatment group. In summary, high expression of IDH3a in lung adenocarcinoma patients is associated with higher glucose uptake. IDH3a targets AKT‐GLUT1 pathway to affect glucose uptake and metabolites in lung adenocarcinoma.
What are the barriers to accessing psychological therapy in Qatar: A concept mapping study
Authors: Brown Ellie , Topping Annie , Cheston Richard 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIntroductionMental health problems are highly prevalent throughout the world; however, all too frequently individuals do not receive treatment. Psychological therapy is a potentially successful intervention, but barriers to access are likely to vary across countries and cultures and could be better understood. This paper aimed to identify perceived barriers to accessing psychological therapy for people living in Qatar in the Middle East.MethodsA mixed methodology known as concept mapping was used to investigate the views of mental health clinicians and policymakers. Participants were invited to brainstorm the issue (qualitative data), then sort these barriers into groups (clusters), and rate them in terms of perceived importance (quantitative data).ResultsFifteen clinicians and 11 policymakers took part in this study. A nine‐cluster concept map was produced with the following titles: Stigma, Impact of the family, Cultural implications, Stigma impacting on reality, Cross‐cultural Therapy, Workforce and training, Local (mis)understanding of therapy, Structural problems within the country and East meets West. There was substantial consensus between clinicians and policymakers.DiscussionWe concluded that there are numerous barriers to accessing psychological therapy in Qatar. All participants rated barriers relating to the individual as having a greater impact on individual’s access to therapy than organisation‐level barriers. Addressing these barriers is likely to require a multifaceted response involving health policy as well as political and sociological level changes. The views of service users and their families also need to be explored.
The role of identity in how whole‐blood donors reflect on and construct their future as a plasma donor
Authors: Thorpe Rachel , Masser Barbara M. , Jensen Kyle , Van Dyke Nina , Davison Tanya E. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIn the context of decreased demand for whole blood and increased demand for plasma‐derived products, donors in Australia are increasingly being asked to convert from whole‐blood to plasmapheresis donations. Plasmapheresis is a different type of donation to whole blood as the process takes longer and can be engaged in more frequently. What is unknown is whether whole‐blood donors view donating plasma as consistent with their donor identity and how they respond to the possibility of donating more frequently. To explore this, we undertook semistructured telephone interviews with 26 whole‐blood donors who had recently made their first plasma donation. Findings indicated that whereas donating plasma was viewed as a bigger ask than donating whole blood, the former was viewed as consistent with their identity as a donor because both behaviours were seen to benefit others and self and were located within the same institutional context. Donating plasma was an opportunity for donors to enhance their self‐concept as an altruistic giver. When contemplating their future donation behaviour, donors considered how their donor identity would fit alongside other salient roles. These findings have implications for how institutions can position their request of existing donors to give a different gift.
Impella support and acute kidney injury during high‐risk percutaneous coronary intervention: The Global cVAD Renal Protection Study
Authors: Flaherty Michael P. , Moses Jeffrey W. , Westenfeld Ralf , Palacios Igor , O'Neill William W. , Schreiber Theodore L. , Lim Michael J. , Kaki Amir , Ghiu Ioana , Mehran Roxanna 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundProtection against acute kidney injury (AKI) has been reported with the use of Impella during high‐risk percutaneous coronary intervention (HR‐PCI). We sought to evaluate this finding by determining the occurrence of AKI during Impella‐supported HR‐PCI in patients from the Global cVAD Study and compare this incidence with their calculated AKI risk at baseline.Methods and ResultsIn this prospective, multicenter study, we enrolled 314 consecutive patients. We included 223 patients that underwent nonemergent HR‐PCI supported with Impella 2.5 or Impella CP and excluded those requiring hemodialysis prior to HR‐PCI (19) and those with insufficient data (72). The primary outcome was AKI postprocedurally at 48 hr versus the predicted risk of AKI according to Mehran risk score. Logistic regression analysis determined predictors of AKI. Overall, 4.9% (11) of Impella‐supported patients developed AKI (exclusively stage 1) at 48 hr versus a predicted rate of 21.9%, representing a 77.6% lower AKI rate (p < .0001). In this study, no Impella‐supported patients required renal replacement therapy. Estimated glomerular filtration rate (ml/min/1.73 m2) alone predicted AKI (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 4.915; 95% confidence intervals [CI]: 1.02–23.53, p = .046), and increasing contrast had insignificant effects on AKI during high‐risk PCI (AOR: 1.15; 95% CI: 0.87–1.51, p = .332). In patients not protected from AKI, the postprocedure incidence of AKI was not significantly greater and did not correlate with chronic kidney disease severity.ConclusionThe incidence of AKI was lower during HR‐PCI than expected from current risk models. Although further exploration of this finding is warranted, these data support a new protective strategy against AKI during HR‐PCI.
Recurrent acute pancreatitis caused by duodenal duplication cyst in a young patient
Authors: Cicero Giuseppe , Catanzariti Francesca , Barbaro Ugo , Ascenti Velio , Mazziotti Silvio 
Published: July 2019

AbstractDuodenal duplication cyst is a rare congenital anomaly that develops during the embryonic stage and could remain unknown until the adult age. Although often asymptomatic, duodenal duplication cysts can lead to various clinical scenarios with different degree of severity, from nonspecific abdominal pain up to cholestasis, intussusception or pancreatitis.
A case of bony lytic lesions in a patient with Gaucher disease
Authors: McGinnis Eric , Moshref Razavi Habib 
Published: July 2019

AbstractGaucher disease is a clinically heterogeneous disorder of glucocerebroside metabolism and may present incidentally late in life with unexplained thrombocytopenia, splenomegaly, or bony lesions. Clinicians should be aware that patients with Gaucher disease appear to have an increased risk for developing hematolymphoid malignancies, particularly monoclonal gammopathies and plasma cell myeloma.
Sotalol‐induced generalized and ocular myasthenia gravis
Authors: Sharifkazemi Mohammadbagher , Ziya Farzad 
Published: July 2019

AbstractWe present a patient with end‐stage hypertrophic cardiomyopathy who was suffering from ocular and generalized forms of myasthenia gravis as an uncommon neurological complication of sotalol. This case report warns clinicians to maintain caution over rare side effects of medication, which could be confused with the clinical symptoms of the underlying disease.
Electrochemical Studies of New Donor‐Acceptor Oligothiophenes
Authors: Feroci Marta , Civitarese Tommaso , Pandolfi Fabiana , Petrucci Rita , Rocco Daniele , Zane Daniela , Zollo Giuseppe , Mattiello Leonardo 
Published: July 2019

AbstractElectrochemical studies on a series of new conjugated oligothiophene derivatives are reported. The molecular architectures (D−A and A−D−A) of these compounds present different donor cores (thiophene, bithiophene) with different numbers of 3‐octylthiophene units (that act as π‐bridge and solubilizing components). The acceptor end groups adopted were, in all the cases, ethyl cyanoacrylate units. The results from voltammetric experiments confirm the close relationship between the structure of these oligothiophenes and their electrochemical behavior. Furthermore, we carried out quantum mechanical calculations to be able to obtain the HOMO/LUMO characteristics of some of our compounds in order to confirm our hypotheses on their electrochemical behavior. Moreover, the roles of the oligothiophene backbone and the ethyl cyanoacrylate group in cyclic voltammetry were elucidated by carrying out two different electrolyses at anodic and cathodic peak potentials. In particular, we were successful in the anodic dimerization of a tetrathiophene (D−A) to an octithiophene (A−D−A) (in high yield) with a considerable shortening of the chemical synthesis.
VSN: Variable sorting for normalization
Authors: Rabatel Gilles , Marini Federico , Walczak Beata , Roger Jean‐Michel 
Published: July 2019

AbstractSpectrometric and analytical techniques in general collect multivariate signals from chemical or biological materials by means of a specific measurement instrumentation, usually in order to characterize or classify them through the estimation of one of several compounds of interest. However, measurement conditions might induce various additive (baseline) or multiplicative effects on the collected signals, which may jeopardize the accuracy and generalizability of estimation models. A common way of dealing with such issues is signal normalization and in particular, when the baseline is constant, the standard normal variate (SNV) transform. Despite its efficiency, SNV has important drawbacks, in terms of physical interpretation and robustness of estimation models, because all the variables are equally considered, independently on what their actual relationship with the response(s) of interest is. In the present study, a novel algorithm is proposed, named variable sorting for normalization (VSN). This algorithm automatically produces, for a given set of multivariate signals, a weighting function favoring signal variables that are only impacted by additive and multiplicative effects, and not by the response(s) of interest. When introduced in SNV preprocessing, this weighting function significantly improves signal shape and model interpretation. Moreover, VSN can be successfully used not only for constant but also with more complex baselines, such as polynomial ones. Together with the description of the theory behind VSN, its application on various synthetic multivariate data, as well as on real SWIR spectral data, is presented and discussed.
Quantum cascade laser back‐reflection spectroscopy at grazing‐angle incidence using the fast Fourier transform as a data preprocessing algorithm
Authors: Pacheco‐Londoño Leonardo C. , Galán‐Freyle Nataly J. , Figueroa‐Navedo Amanda M, , Infante‐Castillo Ricardo , Ruiz‐Caballero José L. , Hernández‐Rivera Samuel P. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractA simple optical layout for a grazing‐angle probe (GAP) mount for coupling to a midinfrared (MIR) quantum cascade laser (QCL) spectrometer is described. This assembly enables reflectance measurements at high incident angles. In the case of optically thin films and deposits on MIR reflective substrates, a double‐pass effect occurs, which is accompanied by the absorption of deposited samples in a reflection‐absorption infrared spectroscopy modality. The optical system allows MIR light to pass through the sample twice.Applications to cleaning validation and detection of traces of explosives using the QCL‐GAP is reported. Principal component analysis and partial least squares multivariate chemometrics methods were employed to analyze MIR spectra to evaluate an analytical methodology for confirming the presence of residues of pharmaceutically active ingredients (irbesartan) and of traces of explosives (cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine [RDX]) that have been deposited on metallic substrates. The performance of spectral preprocessing via fast Fourier transform (FFT) analysis was evaluated for the ability to extract more powerful and accurate information from the obtained reflectance spectra. According to the figures of merit of this new technique, FFT with chemometric routines can obtain sensitivity and specificity values of 1.000. The limits of detection that were obtained for irbesartan and RDX were 26 and 8 ng/cm2, respectively. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed system, when used together with proper chemometrics routines, constitutes a powerful tool for the development of methodologies that have lower detection limits for a range of applications that involve detecting traces of analytes that reside on substrates as contaminants.
Amplitude‐frequency images‐based ConvNet: Applications of fault detection and diagnosis in chemical processes
Authors: Zhang Haili , Wang Pu , Gao Xuejin , Qi Yongsheng , Gao Huihui 
Published: July 2019

AbstractFault detection and diagnosis (FDD) have been major concerns in abnormal event management of chemical processes for decades. Frequency‐wise variations in chemical processes are not considered in most traditional methods, which affects the monitoring performance. An amplitude‐frequency images‐based convolutional neural network (ConvNet) is proposed for FDD in chemical processes. The fast Fourier transform (FFT) is first performed on data slice collected within a period to extract both amplitude‐wise dynamics and frequency‐wise variations, with the results in images. Then, the amplitude‐frequency images are fed into ConvNet for FDD. ConvNet is applied as a binary classifier, in which each classifier corresponds to only one fault. Thus, an expandable framework is provided to incorporate a new fault. The performance of the proposed amplitude‐frequency images‐based ConvNet in FDD is demonstrated in a numerical case and the Tennessee Eastman process.
Support vector machine regression on selected wavelength regions for quantitative analysis of caffeine in tea leaves by near infrared spectroscopy
Authors: Chanda Somdeb , Hazarika Ajanto Kumar , Choudhury Navnil , Islam Sk Anarul , Manna Rishabh , Sabhapondit Santanu , Tudu Bipan , Bandyopadhyay Rajib 
Published: July 2019

AbstractCaffeine is an important component that determines the quality of tea, and its rapid estimation is very much needed for the industry. In this pursuit, a near‐infrared (NIR) spectroscopy‐based technique for the estimation of caffeine is developed and presented in this paper. On the basis of responses of the different bonds present in caffeine, four specific wavelength windows—(a) 1075 to 1239.5 nm (C―H stretch second overtone); (b) 1339.25 to 1440.75 nm (C―H stretch and C―H deformation); (c) 1640.25 to 1700 nm (C―H stretch first overtone, ═CH & amp; ―CH3 asymmetric); and (d) 900 to 1700 nm (whole range of the spectrometer)—were analyzed in details for model development and to obtain the effective wavelength (EW). Five different preprocessing techniques followed by two regression techniques—(a) the partial least‐squares (PLS) and (b) the support vector regression (SVR) were implemented on raw data for analysis. Comparing all the models, the wavelength band of 1075 to 1239.5 nm and 1339.25 to 1440.75 nm were found to produce satisfactory results. The best discrimination result was obtained using the combination of standard normal variate (SNV) preprocessing with SVR at the 1075 to 1239.5 nm wavelength region. The SVR regression with 105 samples in the training set and 15 samples in the testing set resulted in the performance parameters as RMSECV = 0.134, RMSEP = 0.069, rcv2 = 0.869, rp2 = 0.65, and RPD = 5.626 at 1075 to 1239.5 nm, whereas the PLS model produced the best RMSECV = 0.287, RMSEP = 0.077, rcv2 = 0.637, rp2 = 0.675, and RPD = 5.218 at 1339.25 to 1440.75‐nm wavelength band.
Sensitivity analysis and uncertainty quantification of 1‐D models of pulmonary hemodynamics in mice under control and hypertensive conditions
Authors: Colebank Mitchel J. , Umar Qureshi M. , Olufsen Mette S. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractPulmonary hypertension (PH), defined as an elevated mean blood pressure in the main pulmonary artery (MPA) at rest, is associated with vascular remodeling of both large and small arteries. PH has several sub‐types that are all linked to high mortality rates. In this study, we use a one‐dimensional (1‐D) fluid dynamics model driven by in vivo measurements of MPA flow to understand how model parameters and network size influence MPA pressure predictions in the presence of PH. We compare model predictions with in vivo MPA pressure measurements from a control and a hypertensive mouse and analyze results in three networks of increasing complexity, extracted from micro‐computed tomography (micro‐CT) images. We introduce global scaling factors for boundary condition parameters and perform local and global sensitivity analysis to calculate parameter influence on model predictions of MPA pressure and correlation analysis to determine a subset of identifiable parameters. These are inferred using frequentist optimization and Bayesian inference via the Delayed Rejection Adaptive Metropolis (DRAM) algorithm. Frequentist and Bayesian uncertainty is computed for model parameters and MPA pressure predictions. Results show that MPA pressure predictions are most sensitive to distal vascular resistance and that parameter influence changes with increasing network complexity. Our outcomes suggest that PH leads to increased vascular stiffness and decreased peripheral compliance, congruent with clinical observations.
Internet of Things ‐ integrated IR‐UWB technology for healthcare applications
Authors: Chehri Abdellah , Mouftah Hussein T. 
Published: July 2019

SummaryRecent technology developments have produced small and smart biomedical sensors, which can be worn or implanted in the human body. These biosensors create closed wireless networks named Wireless Body Area Networks (WBAN). The WBAN will continuously observe the physiological state of patients for both diagnosis and prevention. Those include on‐body measurements such as the Electrocardiogram (ECG), Electroencephalogram (EEG), temperature, and blood pressure. Ultra‐Wide‐Band (UWB) is a technology that has received a lot of attention due to several unique features such as secure transmission, low noise, and low energy consumption. Given the fact that the patients' well‐being might be dependent on the accurate realization of such networks, a high level of design and implementation accuracy are maintained throughout the system. In this paper, we proposed an Impulse‐Radio Ultra‐Wideband system, which is composed of static biomedical nodes mounted on a patient's body to collect vital data and send it wirelessly to a central node or subsequent analysis by healthcare professionals. The performance of this network, such as the effect of node location, the number of transmitted symbols, multiuser interference, and intersymbol interference, is evaluated. We also study the physical layer and quality of service of this proposed architecture.
Solvent‐Enhanced Conformational Flexibility of Cyclic Tetrapeptides
Authors: Berger Nadja , Wollny Laura J. B. , Sokkar Pandian , Mittal Sumit , Mieres‐Perez Joel , Stoll Raphael , Sander Wolfram , Sanchez‐Garcia Elsa 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe front cover artwork is provided by the groups of Prof. Wolfram Sander (Ruhr‐Universität Bochum) and Prof. Elsa Sanchez‐Garcia (University of Duisburg‐Essen). The image shows the structure of a cyclic tetrapeptide in solution. The dynamics of the peptide in explicit solvent was investigated using several computational and experimental techniques at different temperatures. Read the full text of the Article at 10.1002/cphc.201900345.
Revisiting the Electrochemical Lithiation Mechanism of Aluminum and the Role of Li‐rich Phases (Li1+xAl) on Capacity Fading
Authors: Qin Bingsheng , Diemant Thomas , Zhang Huang , Hoefling Alexander , Behm R. Jürgen , Tübke Jens , Varzi Alberto , Passerini Stefano 
Published: July 2019

AbstractInvited for this month′s cover is the group of Stefano Passerini at Helmholtz Institute Ulm. Homepage: http://www.hiu‐batteries.de/battery‐research‐center‐in‐germany/research/electrochemistry/electrochemistry‐for‐batteries/. The image shows the puzzling electrochemical (de‐)lithiation process of aluminum anode and complex states of aluminum related phase in this course. The Full Paper itself is available at 10.1002/cssc.201900597.