bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The type of corporate announcements and its implication on trading behaviour
Authors: Zheng Liyi 
Published: March 2018

AbstractI report the empirical evidence to show how firms’ expected and unexpected announcements affect investors’ trading behaviour. I find that trading volume decreases before expected announcements, either scheduled or unscheduled, consistent with models that predict that discretionary liquidity traders may postpone their trading until after an anticipated news release. I also find that the magnitude of pre‐announcement trading reactions is negatively associated with the level of pre‐disclosure information asymmetry. I further find that trading volume is boosted before unexpected announcements, and the relation between the magnitude of pre‐announcement trading reactions and the pre‐disclosure information asymmetry is weakly significant or insignificant.
Declining populations in one of the last refuges for threatened mammal species in northern Australia
Authors: Davies Hugh F. , McCarthy Michael A. , Firth Ronald S. C. , Woinarski John C. Z. , Gillespie Graeme R. , Andersen Alan N. , Rioli Willie , Puruntatameri José , Roberts Willie , Kerinaiua Colin , Kerinauia Vivian , Womatakimi Kim Brooks , Murphy Brett P. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractAustralia has contributed a disproportionate number of the world's mammal extinctions over the past 200 years, with the greatest loss of species occurring through the continent's southern and central arid regions. Many taxonomically and ecologically similar species are now undergoing widespread decline across the northern Australian mainland, possibly driven by predation by feral cats and changed fire regimes. Here, we report marked recent declines of native mammal species in one of Australia's few remaining areas that support an intact mammal assemblage, Melville Island, the largest island off the northern Australian coast. We have previously reported a marked decline on Melville Island of the threatened brush‐tailed rabbit‐rat (Conilurus penicillatus) over the period 2000–2015, linked to predation by feral cats. We now report a 62% reduction in small mammal trap‐success and a 36% reduction in site‐level species richness over this period. There was a decrease in trap‐success of 90% for the northern brown bandicoot (Isoodon macrourus), 64% for the brush‐tailed rabbit‐rat and 63% for the black‐footed tree‐rat (Mesembriomys gouldii), but no decline for the common brushtail possum (Trichosurus vulpecula). These results suggest that populations of native mammals on Melville Island are exhibiting similar patterns of decline to those recorded in Kakadu National Park two decades earlier, and across the northern Australian mainland more generally. Without the implementation of effective management actions, these species are likely to be lost from one of their last remaining strongholds, threatening to increase Australia's already disproportionate contribution to global mammal extinctions.
Early development and diets of non‐native juvenile Chinook Salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) in an invaded river of Patagonia, southern South America
Authors: Di Prinzio Cecilia Yanina , Arismendi Iván 
Published: March 2018

AbstractChinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) have established populations in both the Atlantic and Pacific basins of southern South America. Yet, basic biological information about these salmon population is absent. Here, we documented relative densities, body size, condition and diet composition of juvenile Chinook Salmon from the Futaleufú River, Argentina. We sampled Chinook Salmon juvenile and environmental variables including daily river discharge, water temperature, electrical conductance, dissolved oxygen and total dissolved solids. We assessed individual variation in the diet of juvenile salmon over time. We estimated the incubation time before fry emergence to be around 101 days under a mean water temperature of 7.5°C. Salmon fry emerged during the Austral Winter (July‐August) in off‐channel habitats near the redds. Juvenile salmon were between 3.8 and 12.1 cm in length (TL) and their highest body condition occurred early during the Austral summer (December). Juvenile salmon abundances were positively associated with water temperature, but not flow. Diet analyses revealed a specialist feeding behaviour based on food pulses that included both aquatic and terrestrial insects; piscivory was not detected. Juvenile salmon co‐occurred with native fishes suggesting a potential for interspecific interference. Our findings provide baseline information for the future management of non‐native Chinook Salmon populations in the Southern Hemisphere and elsewhere.
Endodontic decision making for asymptomatic root‐filled teeth with apical periodontitis – A radiographic survey
Authors: Taha Nessrin A. , Albashaireh Zakereyya S. , Alfied Rmdan G. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe aim of the study was to compare decision making for asymptomatic root‐filled teeth among dentists with differing educational backgrounds. Case scenarios based on 14 radiographs were created and 150 participants were asked to choose from five alternative treatment decisions and to state the rationale. Demographic data of the participants were recorded. Frequency distribution and cross‐tabulation were performed; chi square testing was used for comparisons and logistic regression was performed to detect significant differences. The overall response rate was 87.3%. The practitioners chose intervention predominantly with non‐surgical retreatment a common choice. Poor technical quality was a driving factor, while the existing poor coronal restoration and the need for a crown were generally not taken into account by general dentists. Speciality and experience were significant factors. Practitioners were more inclined to retain rather than extract teeth. It is concluded that clear guidelines listing factors to consider for intervention are required.
Accuracy and consistency of electronic root canal length determination with electrically isolating rubber stoppers
Authors: Kowollik Susanne , Sonntag David 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate the influence of an isolating silicone stopper on the measuring accuracy and display consistency of three electrometric apex locators. The length of the canal to the major foramen was determined electrometrically using an ISO size 10 file in 20 extracted teeth each with natural crowns (Group I), amalgam fillings (Group II) or base‐metal crowns (Group III), The measurements were performed with isolating or conventional silicone stoppers using three different apex locators with a four‐level scale consistency rating. The use of isolating stoppers resulted in a more consistent display than with conventional stoppers, independent of the presence or type of coronal restoration (P = 0.017). Across all coronal restorations, the position of the major foramen could be determined to within ± 0.5 mm without significant differences (P = 0.79) using conventional and isolating stoppers. The use of modified isolating stoppers provides a significant increase in display consistency.
Reduction in leafroller (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) abundance in orchards and vineyards 1976–2016, in Hawke's Bay, New Zealand
Authors: Lo Peter L. , Walker James T.S. , Hedderley Duncan I. , Cole Lyn M. 
Published: March 2018

Abstract

Three leafroller species were monitored between 1976 and 2016 by bait and pheromone trapping for adults, larval damage to apples and timed searches on various hosts.
Populations of all three species decreased substantially; however, the endemic Planotortrix octo and Ctenopseustis obliquana declined to a much greater extent than did the introduced Epiphyas postvittana.
The two endemic species dominated in the 1970s, whereas they are now rarely found on fruit crops. Epiphyas postvittana has now become the principal leafroller species.
Leafrollers damaged over 20% of apples receiving no insecticides during the 1980s but, subsequent to 2000, damage has been below 2%. Between 1994–1999 and 2008–2011, the numbers of immature leafrollers in searches on fruit crop and noncrop hosts decreased by 55%.
We attribute reduced leafroller populations to increased biological control and changes to insecticide programmes. Several parasitoids were introduced around 1980 and parasitism increased by 19% between 1994–1999 and 2008–2011. Replacing broad‐spectrum insecticides with selective insecticides in the mid‐1990s likely enhanced this trend.
Leafrollers were formerly major pests, whereas their status has now changed to being minor pests. Today, they are uncommon on managed and unmanaged fruit crops and noncrop host plants on orchards and vineyards in Hawke's Bay.
Regulatory gene network from a genome‐wide association study for sow lifetime productivity traits
Authors: Kang J.‐H. , Lee E.‐A. , Hong K.‐C. , Kim J.‐M. 
Published: March 2018

SummaryAmong swine reproductive traits, sow lifetime productivity (SLP) is considered a profitable trait in commercial pig farming. Notably, longevity and efficiency in SLP can be adopted as the key phenotype representing SLP. In this study, we conducted a co‐association network analysis using results from a genome‐wide association study for SLP‐related traits. A total of 656 purebred Landrace female pigs were genotyped using a 60K SNP array. Significantly associated SNPs identified from the GWAS were annotated for the specific genes. Then, we constructed an association weight matrix to build a network based on the co‐associations between the genes and 10 SLP traits. The entire network consisted of 495 nodes and 37 755 significant edges. We identified three key regulatory transcription factors: STAT2 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 2), MYF6 (myogenic factor 6) and TFCP2L1 (transcription factor CP2 like 1). The network revealed that the STAT2 and MYF6 regulatory modules cooperate with each other and specifically influence the longevity and efficiency of sows, whereas the TFCP2L1 family specifically affects the improvement of litter size.
Improving the quality of life of aged care residents through the joy of food: The Lantern Project
Authors: Hugo Cherie , Dwonczyk Marcia , Skinner Jan , Isenring Liz 
Published: March 2018

ObjectiveMealtimes directly impact the quality of life of residents in aged care. The objective of The Lantern Project is to improve the dining experience of aged care residents to reduce malnutrition risk through improving dietary intake, meal.MethodsA transdisciplinary team of aged care professionals and resident advocates was formed as a collaboration collectively known as The Lantern Project.ResultsThis paper outlines the journey and timeline of The Lantern Project collaboration since its inception and the interplay between the monthly stakeholder meetings and inter‐related research projects demonstrating improved outcomes.ConclusionTransdisciplinary collaboration offers well‐grounded benefits and realistic strategies sensitive to the complexity of the aged care setting.
Chemotherapy in patients with unresected pancreatic cancer in Australia: A population‐based study of uptake and survival
Authors: Dumbrava Monica I. , Burmeister Elizabeth A. , Wyld David , Goldstein David , O'Connell Dianne L. , Beesley Vanessa L. , Gooden Helen M. , Janda Monika , Jordan Susan J. , Merrett Neil D. , Payne Madeleine E. , Waterhouse Mary A. , Neale Rachel E. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractAimPalliative chemotherapy improves symptom control and prolongs survival in patients with unresectable pancreatic cancer, but there is a paucity of data describing its use and effectiveness in everyday practice. We explored patterns of chemotherapy use in patients with unresected pancreatic cancer in Australia and the impact of use on survival.MethodsWe reviewed the medical records of residents of New South Wales or Queensland, Australia, diagnosed with unresectable pancreatic adenocarcinoma between July 2009 and June 2011. Associations between receipt of chemotherapy and sociodemographic, clinical and health service factors were evaluated using logistic regression. We used Cox proportional hazards models to analyze associations between chemotherapy use and survival.ResultsData were collected for 1173 eligible patients. Chemotherapy was received by 44% (n = 184/414) of patients with localized pancreatic cancer and 53% (n = 406/759) of patients with metastases. Chemotherapy receipt depended on clinical factors, such as performance status and comorbidity burden, and nonclinical factors, such as age, place of residence, multidisciplinary team review and the type of specialist first encountered. Consultation with an oncologist mitigated most of the sociodemographic and service‐related disparities in chemotherapy use. The receipt of chemotherapy was associated with prolonged survival in patients with inoperable pancreatic cancer, including after adjusting for common prognostic factors.ConclusionsThese findings highlight the need to establish referral pathways to ensure that all patients have the opportunity to discuss treatment options with a medical oncologist. This is particularly relevant for health care systems covering areas with a geographically dispersed population.
Teledermatologist expert skin advice: A unique model of care for managing skin disorders and adverse drug reactions in hepatitis C patients
Authors: Charlston Samuel , Siller Gregory 
Published: March 2018

AbstractObjectivesTo conduct an audit of teledermatologist expert skin advice, a store and forward tele‐dermatological service, to determine its effectiveness and user satisfaction in managing cutaneous adverse drug reactions in patients with hepatitis C, and to demonstrate a unique collaborative model of care for patients receiving specialised drug therapy.MethodsA retrospective analysis of data on teledermatologist expert skin advice referrals from January 2014 to December 2015 was performed. The primary outcomes assessed included number of referrals, referral locations, diagnoses, response times, quality of clinical information provided and user satisfaction ratings.ResultsAltogether 43 consultations from 29 referring sites were received from Australian metropolitan and rural settings. Of the patients, 43 were diagnosed with an adverse drug reaction related to the use of either telaprevir or simeprevir. The average time taken for the dermatologist to reply electronically with a final diagnosis and management plan was 1 h 57 min. As many as 26% of referrals required additional photos to establish a diagnosis due to poor‐quality images or insufficient detail. Altogether 18 clinicians completed the customer satisfaction survey, all of whom rated teledermatologist expert skin advice nine or above on a scale of one to 10.ConclusionsTeledermatologist expert skin advice was regarded by clinicians as a valuable patient care service. The platform is a novel modality that supports patients undergoing specialised treatments at risk of cutaneous adverse drug reaction.
Improved laparoscopic skills in gynaecology trainees following a simulation‐training program using take‐home box trainers
Authors: Wilson Erin , Janssens Sarah , McLindon Lucas A. , Hewett David G. , Jolly Brian , Beckmann Michael 
Published: March 2018

BackgroundLack of time and access to equipment are recognised barriers to simulation training.AimTo investigate the effect of a take‐home laparoscopic simulator training program on the laparoscopic skills of gynaecology trainees.MethodParticipants (n = 17 in 2015, n = 16 in 2016) were supplied with a box trainer, associated equipment and instructions on self‐directed training. A program was designed and implemented in 2015 comprising of ten weekly laparoscopic skills tasks and modified in 2016 to eight monthly tasks. Half of the participants were randomly allocated a supervisor. Participants performed baseline and post‐training assessments of laparoscopic skills in a box trainer task (thread transfer) and virtual reality simulator tasks (laparoscopic tubal ligation and bilateral oophorectomy).ResultsTrainees in 2015 demonstrated an improvement in the median time to complete the laparoscopic tubal ligation task (baseline 124 s vs post‐training 91 s, P = 0.041). There was no difference in the number of tubal ligation bleeding incidents, or in the time taken to complete the box trainer thread transfer task. In 2016 trainees demonstrated improvement in tubal ligation time (baseline 251 vs 71 post‐training, P = 0.021) and bilateral oophorectomy time (baseline 891 s vs 504 post‐training, P = 0.025). There was no significant difference in other outcome measures. There was no difference found in performance when groups were compared by supervisor allocation.ConclusionA take‐home box trainer simulation‐training program was associated with improvement in laparoscopic skills. This type of program may improve trainee access to simulation training.
Telehealth‐based model of care redesign to facilitate local fitting and management of patients with a spinal fracture requiring a thoracic lumbar sacral orthosis in rural hospitals in New South Wales
Authors: Gallagher Ryan , Giles Michelle , Morison Jane , Henderson Judith 
Published: March 2018

AbstractObjectiveTo develop and implement a telehealth‐based model of care for spinal fractures requiring management with thoracic lumbar sacral orthoses that eliminates the need for transfer to a metropolitan tertiary referral hospital.DesignPre–post design observational study evaluating model of care implementation.SettingRural referral hospitals in a large NSW region covering metropolitan, rural and remote hospitals.ParticipantsPatients presenting with a thoracic or lumbar spine fracture requiring thoracic lumbar sacral orthoses management and rural clinicians caring for them.Outcome measuresNumber of patients managed in rural hospitals without transfer to a metropolitan tertiary referral hospital; length of stay and related cost efficiencies; clinicians' perceived skills, knowledge and confidence levels.ResultsModel of care was implemented with clinical and system governance processes; and educational workshops across eight rural hospitals. A total of 81 patients managed in rural hospitals under this model between July 2013 and June 2016 without transfer were included in this study. Mean length of stay reduced from nine to four days. Hospital transfers were eliminated from the patient journey, totalling 24 324 km. Workshops were attended by 71 clinicians from nine rural hospitals and survey findings indicated a significant increase in staff knowledge, skill and confidence post education. Cost efficiencies were gained by eliminating 162 inter‐hospital transfers and 405 patient bed days.ConclusionThis model has streamlined patient journeys and reduced transfers and travel, enabling rural clinicians to provide specialised services in local communities and facilitating timely evidence‐based care in local communities without any adverse events.
Metronidazole following excisional haemorrhoidectomy: a systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Xia Weisi , Manning James P. R. , Barazanchi Ahmed W. H. , Su'a Bruce , Hill Andrew G. 
Published: March 2018

BackgroundPost‐operative pain is a major issue following excisional haemorrhoidectomy. Although metronidazole by both oral and topical administration routes has been shown to reduce pain after haemorrhoidectomy, its use remains a contentious issue. This systematic review and meta‐analysis aims to investigate the effect of metronidazole on post‐operative pain after excisional haemorrhoidectomy.MethodsA systematic review of the literature was conducted according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses guidelines. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published in PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL and CINAHL, from inception to December 2016 were retrieved. The primary outcome investigated was post‐operative pain reported as visual analogue score (VAS). Secondary outcomes were analgesia use, complications and time to return to normal activity. Meta‐analysis was performed using Review Manager version 5.3 software.ResultsNine randomized controlled trials including 523 patients were included in the final analysis. Five studies used oral administration and four used topical. Meta‐analysis showed that post‐operative VAS of patients receiving metronidazole by either route was significantly less than those in comparison groups. VAS means decreased at all the time points for both oral and topical metronidazole. Topical and oral routes of administration were not compared in any study. There was no increase in complication rates and return to normal activity was significantly earlier for patients receiving metronidazole (−4.49 days; 95% confidence interval [−7.70, −1.28]; P = 0.006).ConclusionsBoth topical and oral metronidazole reduce post‐operative pain without an increase in complication rates and result in an earlier return to normal activity. Further work is required to determine which the optimum route of administration is.
Day case hernia repair: weak evidence or practice gap?
Authors: Scarfe Anje , Duncan Joanna , Ma Ning , Cameron Alun , Rankin David , Karatassas Alex , Fletcher David , Watters David , Maddern Guy 
Published: March 2018

BackgroundAnalysis of a private insurer's administrative data set revealed significant variation in the length of hospital stay following hernia surgery.ObjectivesThis review examined factors influencing the performance of day surgery for inguinal, femoral and umbilical hernia repair in adults.Data sourcesA systematic literature search was conducted in the PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library databases to identify studies and clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) comparing same day hernia surgery to surgery followed by an overnight stay.Review methodsScreening of studies by abstract and full text was completed by a single researcher and checked by a second. Studies were selected for inclusion based on a step‐wise approach across three phases.ResultsLimited evidence from one systematic review, and three case series studies including 3213 patients found that same day hernia surgery was as safe and effective as an overnight stay. All identified CPGs recommended a same day procedure for most patients. Two case series studies reported that 3–8% of patients were ineligible for day procedures due to medical reasons; however, the characteristics of patients, in general, which are not suitable, have not been adequately investigated.ConclusionsDay surgery for groin hernia repair is safe and effective for most patients. However, evidence‐based support is only one of many factors that may contribute to the uptake of day surgery in Australia. There is an opportunity for key stakeholders across the private healthcare system to deliver an equally effective but more sustainable and affordable hernia care by increasing the day surgery rates.