bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Aktivitas Sitotoksik Ekstrak Etanol, Fraksi Etil Asetat dan n-heksana Daun Kelor (Moringa oleifera) Terhadap Sel Kanker Payudara T47D
Authors: Gaffar Shabarni , Apriani Riza , Herlina Tati 
Published: September 2019

<p>Daun Kelor (<em>Moringa oleifera</em>) merupakan salah satu tanaman yang berpotensi memiliki aktivitas antikanker. Beberapa penelitian telah melaporkan bahwa daun <em>M. oleifera </em>mengandung sejumlah senyawa bioaktif yang memiliki potensi sebagai antikanker. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas sitotoksik esktrak etanol, fraksi etil asetat dan fraksi n-heksana daun <em>M. oleifera </em>terhadap sel kanker payudara T47D. Daun <em>M. oleifera </em>dimaserasi dengan pelarut etanol 90%. Ekstrak yang diperoleh dipartisi dengan menggunakan pelarut n-heksana dan etil asetat. Masing-masing ekstrak etanol, fraksi etil asetat dan fraksi n-heksana diuji aktivitas sitotoksiknya terhadap sel kanker payudara T47D menggunakan metode MTS (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium). Konsentrasi ekstrak dan fraksi yang digunakan adalah berturut-turut: 1500, 750, 375, 187, 93, 46, 50 dan 23 μg/mL dengan waktu inkubasi selama 48 jam. Nilai IC<sub>50 </sub>ekstrak etanol, fraksi etil asetat dan fraksi n-heksana daun <em>M. oleifera</em> berturut-turut yaitu sebesar 51,31; 20,17; 223,67 μg/mL. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, terlihat bahwa fraksi etil asetat daun <em>M. oleifera </em>memiliki aktivitas<em> </em>sitotoksik yang paling tinggi terhadap sel kanker payudara T47D.</p><p><strong>Cytotoxic Activity of the</strong> <strong>Ethanol Extract, Ethyl Acetate and n-hexane Fractions</strong><strong> of Kelor Leaves (<em>Moringa oleifera</em>) against Breast Cancer Cell T74D. </strong>Moringa oleifera is one plant that has the potential anticancer activity. Several studies have been reported that <em>M.</em><em> oleifera</em> leaves contain bioactives compounds that are potential as anticancer. This study was aimed to determine the cytotoxic activity of the ethanol extract, ethyl acetate and n-hexane fraction of <em>M. oleifera</em> leaf against breast cancer cell T47D. <em>M. oleifera</em> leaves were extracted by maceration with ethanol solvent. The extracts that have been obtained were partitioned by using n-hexane and ethyl acetate solvents. Each ethanol extract, ethyl acetate fraction and n-hexane fraction were tested for their cytotoxic activity against T47D breast cancer cells using MTS (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium) method. The applied concentration of extract and fraction were 1500, 750, 375, 187, 93, 46, 50 and 23 μg/mL with an incubation time of 48 hours. IC<sub>50</sub> value of ethanol extract, ethyl acetate and n-hexane fractions of <em>M. oleifera</em> leaves were 51.31; 20.17; 223.67 μg/mL. Based on these results, it shows that the ethyl acetate fractions of <em>M. oleifera</em>leaves are highly toxic against T47D breast cancer cells.</p><div><div><p> </p></div></div>
Establishing an Evaluation System and Limb-Salvage Protocol for Mangled Lower Extremities in China
Authors: Lu Shengdi , Han Pei , Wen Gen , Wang Chunyang , Wang Yanmao , Zhong Wanrun , Wang Hongshu , Chai Yimin 
Published: September 2019

Abstract:
Road traffic accident-related severely injured extremities account for the majority of disabilities in young people in China. Limb-salvage concepts and techniques vary greatly from physician to physician and from district to district in China. Current severity-scoring systems for lower-extremity injuries lack sensitivity and cannot be used as the sole criterion by which amputation decisions are made. China lacks a national database of mangled lower extremities, which is a priority for both limb-salvage protocols and scoring system development.
Quality Improvement of Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Musculoskeletal Infection in Children Results in Decreased Scan Duration and Decreased Contrast Use
Authors: Ojeaga Patrick O. , Hammer Matthew R. , Lindsay Eduardo A. , Tareen Naureen G. , Jo Chan Hee , Copley Lawson A. 
Published: September 2019

Background:
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a heavily utilized resource to evaluate children suspected to have a musculoskeletal infection. Complex interdisciplinary workflows are involved with decision-making with regard to indications, anesthesia, contrast use, and procedural timing relative to the scan. This study assesses the impact of a quality improvement endeavor on MRI workflows at a tertiary pediatric medical center.

Methods:
A registry of consecutively enrolled children for a multidisciplinary musculoskeletal infection program identified those evaluated with MRI from 2012 to 2018. Annual MRI process improvement feedback was provided to the key stakeholders. Demographic characteristics, laboratory parameters, MRI indications, anesthesia use, MRI findings, final diagnoses, scan duration, imaging protocol, surgical intervention following MRI, and length of stay were retrospectively compared between the 3 cohorts (initial, middle, and final) representing 2-year increments to assess the impact of the initiative.

Results:
There were 526 original MRI scans performed to evaluate 1,845 children with suspected musculoskeletal infection. Anesthesia was used in 401 children (76.2%). When comparing the initial, middle, and final study period cohorts, significant improvement was demonstrated for the number of sequences per scan (7.5 sequences for the initial cohort, 5.8 sequences for the middle cohort, and 4.6 sequences for the final cohort; p < 0.00001), scan duration (73.6 minutes for the initial cohort, 52.1 minutes for the middle cohort, and 34.9 minutes for the final cohort; p < 0.00001), anesthesia duration (94.1 minutes for the initial cohort, 68.9 minutes for the middle cohort, and 53.2 minutes for the final cohort; p < 0.00001), and the rate of contrast use (87.6% for the initial cohort, 67.7% for the middle cohort, and 26.3% for the final cohort; p < 0.00001). There was also a trend toward a higher rate of procedures under continued anesthesia immediately following the MRI (70.2% in the initial cohort, 77.8% in the middle cohort, and 84.6% in the final cohort). During the final 6-month period, the mean scan duration was 24.4 minutes, anesthesia duration was 40.9 minutes, and the rate of contrast administration was 8.5%.

Conclusions:
Progressive quality improvement through collaborative interdisciplinary communication and workflow redesign led to improved utilization of MRI and minimized contrast use for suspected musculoskeletal infection. There was a high rate of procedural intervention under continued anesthesia for children with confirmed musculoskeletal infection.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Long-Term Results of Patellar Bone-Grafting for Severe Patellar Bone Loss During Revision Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Abdel Matthew P. , Petis Stephen M. , Taunton Michael J. , Perry Kevin I. , Lewallen David G. , Hanssen Arlen D. 
Published: September 2019

Background:
There is no consensus on managing severe patellar bone loss after total knee arthroplasty. We previously described an initial series involving a novel technique of patellar bone-grafting with a short follow-up. The purpose of this study was to determine long-term survivorship and the radiographic and clinical results of patellar bone-grafting during revision total knee arthroplasty in a larger series with an extended follow-up.

Methods:
We identified 90 patients from a single institution who underwent 93 patellar bone-grafting procedures for severe patellar bone loss from 1997 to 2014. The mean age of the patients was 70 years, and 46% of patients were female. Forty-five knees (48%) underwent first-time revisions, and 19 knees (20%) had undergone a failed attempt at patellar resurfacings. Intraoperative patellar caliper thickness increased from a mean of 7 to 25 mm after patellar bone-grafting (p < 0.01). Radiographic review determined changes in patellar height, tracking, and remodeling. Knee Society scores (KSSs) were calculated. The mean follow-up was 8 years (range, 2 to 18 years). Kaplan-Meier methods determined survivorship free of any revision and any reoperation. Cox proportional hazards analysis determined predictive factors for failure.

Results:
Survivorship free of patellar revision was 96% at 10 years. Survivorship free of any revision was 84% at 10 years. Survivorship free of any reoperation was 78% at 10 years. Increasing patient age was the only protective factor against further patellar revision (hazard ratio, 0.95; p < 0.01). When comparing initial radiographs with final radiographs, patellar height decreased from 22 to 19 mm (p < 0.01), 80% compared with 59% of patellae articulated centrally in the trochlea (p = 0.01), and 32% compared with 77% had remodeling over the lateral femoral condyle (p < 0.01). Anterior knee pain decreased from 51% to 27% postoperatively (p = 0.01). The mean knee flexion improved from 101° to 108° (p = 0.03). The mean KSS improved from 50 to 85 points (p < 0.01).

Conclusions:
Reliable long-term clinical results can be expected with patellar bone-grafting for severe patellar bone loss during revision total knee arthroplasty. Pain, range of motion, and other reported outcomes improve despite radiographic changes to patellar height, tracking, and remodeling. This technique is a durable and reliable option when standard patellar resurfacing is not possible.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Interventions to Improve Discharge from Acute Adult Mental Health Inpatient Care to the Community: Systematic Review and Narrative Synthesis
Authors: Tyler Natasha , Wright Nicola , Waring Justin 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background

The transition from acute mental health inpatient care to community care is often a vulnerable period in the pathway, where people can experience additional risks and anxiety. Researchers globally have developed and tested a number of interventions that aim to improve continuity of care and safety in the transitions. However, there has been little attempt to compare and contrast the interventions and specify the variety of safety threats they attempt to resolve.Methods

The study aimed to identify the evidence base for interventions to support continuity of care and safety in the transition from acute mental health inpatient service to community care services at the point of discharge. Electronic Databases including PsycINFO, MEDLINE, Embase, HMIC, CINAHL, IBSS, Cochrane Library Trials, ASSIA, Web of Science and Scopus, were searched between 2000 and May 2018. Peer reviewed papers were eligible for inclusion if they addressed adults admitted to an acute inpatient mental health ward and reported on health interventions surrounding discharge from the acute ward to the community. The results were analysed using a narrative synthesis technique.Results

The total number of papers from which data was extracted was 45. The review found various interventions implemented across continents, addressing problems related to different aspects of discharge. Some interventions followed a distinct named approach (i.e. Critical Time Intervention, Transitional Discharge Model) others were grouped based on key components (i.e. peer support, pharmacist involvement). The primary problems interventions looked to address were reducing readmission, improving wellbeing, reducing homelessness, improving treatment adherence, accelerating discharge, reducing suicide. The 69 outcomes reported across studies were heterogeneous, meaning it was difficult to conduct comparative quantitative meta-analysis or synthesis.Conclusions

The interventions reviewed are spread across a spectrum ranging from addressing a single problem within a single agency with a single solution, to multiple solutions addressing multi-agency problems. We recommend that future research attempts to improve homogeneity in outcome reporting.
Efficacy of urination in alleviating man’s urethral pain associated with flexible cystoscopy : a single-center randomized trial
Authors: Xie Yingwei , Wang Wei , Yan Wei , Liu Dan , Liu Yuexin 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to assess whether urethral pain can be alleviated by urination in male patients undergoing flexible cystoscopy. Patient and Methods: Ninety-six male outpatients undergoing flexible cystoscopy were randomly divided into two groups. Patients in the test group urinated during flexible cystoscopy, whilst patients in the control group received no instructions to do so. All patients received 10mL of 2% lidocaine gel prior to assessment. Using 0 (no-pain) to 10 (unbearable severe pain) pain scores (VAS), we assessed patient discomfort prior to anesthesia gel perfusion (baseline), during gel perfusion, during cystoscope insertion through the urethra, and 15minutes post-examination analysis. The entire protocol was completed by a single doctor in our Department of Urology. Results: The groups showed no statistical differences regarding age or examination time. During cystoscope insertion, the test group recorded significantly lower pain scores 2 (IQR 1-3) - compared to the control group 3 (IQR 2-3) , (P = 0.001). No significant differences between other evaluation points were observed between groups. Conclusion: Urethral pain can be significantly alleviated by urination in male patients undergoing flexible cystoscopy through the urethra.
Influence of reduction quality on functional outcome and quality of life in treatment of tibial plafond fractures: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Privalov Maxim , Euler Finn , Keil Holger , Swartman Benedict , Beisemann Nils , Franke Jochen , Grützner Paul Alfred , Vetter Sven Yves 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background: The aim of the study was to evaluate the impact of reduction quality, using intraoperative 3D imaging, on quality of life and functional outcome in the operative treatment of tibial plafond fractures.
Methods: A group of patients with tibial plafond fractures was re-examined. The operative treatment was performed between September 2001 and October 2011. The follow-up examination was at least 2 years after the final surgical procedure. Final reduction result was assessed intraoperatively using a mobile 3D C-arm. A categorization with regard to descriptive parameters as well as type and size of joint surface irregularities was performed. Follow-up results were evaluated using: Olerud and Molander (O & M) score, Short-Form-36 (SF-36) score, movement deficit, Kellgren and Lawrence grade of osteoarthritis, and pain intensity.
Results: 34 patients with operatively treated tibial plafond fracture could be re-examined. Reduction quality had the greatest influence on functional result measured by the O & M score (p=0.001) and the PCS domain of the SF-36 score (p=0.018).
Significant differences with regard to O & M score (p=0.000), SF-36 score (p=0.001 to p=0.02; without MCS domain), movement deficit (p=0.001), grade of osteoarthritis (p=0.005) and pain (p=0.001) could be verified under consideration of the reduction quality. The group with the anatomically more accurate reduction also showed a better result for clinical follow-up and quality of life. Furthermore, it is not the type of joint surface irregularity that is always decisive, but rather the size.
Conclusions: Despite other relevant factors, it appears that reduction quality –which can be analyzed with intraoperative 3D imaging– plays the most important role in postoperative quality of life and functional outcome. Corrections should therefore be performed on joint surface irregularities with a size above 2 mm.
Mortality of site-specific cancer in patients with schizophrenia: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Ni Liwei , Wu Jian , Long Yuming , Yuan Xuya , Xu Jianhao , Tao Jialong , Wu Runhong , Yu Na , Zhang Yusong 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background: Numerous studies have reported contradicting results on the relationship between cancer mortality and schizophrenia. Our aim is to quantify the mortality rate of common site-specific cancers among patients with schizophrenia and to synthesize the available research evidence. Method: We performed a systemic search of the PubMed, EMBASE and Web of Science databases. Studies reporting the mortality rate of different cancer in patients with schizophrenia were included. A random-effects model was applied to calculate the pooled relative risks (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs). Results: Seven studies consisting of a total of 1,162,971 participants with schizophrenia were included in this meta-analysis. Data regarding mortality risk of breast, colon, lung and prostate cancer among schizophrenia patients were subjected to quantitative analysis. Pooled results showed significant increases in mortality risk of breast cancer (RR = 1.97, 95%CI 1.38–2.83), lung cancer (RR = 1.93, 95%CI 1.46–2.54) and colon cancer (RR = 1.69, 95%CI 1.60–1.80) in patients with schizophrenia compared with those in the general population or control group. The mortality risk of prostate cancer increased in male patients, although no significant difference was detected (RR = 1.58, 95% CI 0.79–3.15). Increased risks of mortality from lung and colon cancer were observed in female patients (RR = 2.49, 95%CI 2.40–2.59 and RR = 2.42, 95%CI 1.39–4.22, respectively) and elevated risks of mortality from lung and colon cancer in male patients (RR = 2.40, 95%CI 2.30–2.50 and RR = 1.90, 95%CI 1.71–2.11, respectively) were detected. Conclusions: Individuals with schizophrenia have a significantly high risk of mortality from breast, colon, and lung cancer.
Colchicine causes prenatal cell toxicity and increases tetraploid risk
Authors: Wang Ding , Xie Yingjun , Yan Minyi , Pan Panying , Liang Yi , sun xiaofang 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background Colchicine is a clinical medicine used for relief from gout and familial Mediterranean fever. Because of its toxic effects, intravenous injection of colchicine has been banned, but it is still widely administered orally. We assayed the toxic effects of colchicine in cultured primary chorionic villus cells and amniotic fluid cells to interpret its influence on the placenta and foetus. Methods Bright field record and cell count kit 8 were used to value cell viability. Flow cytometer was used to identify cells markers, cell cycle and cell apoptosis. G-banding was used for karyotype analysis for sample genetic and drug effect evaluation. Results Chorionic villus cells and amniotic fluid cells were characterized as mesenchymal cells that share most cell surface markers and have a similar response to colchicine. Colchicine did not induce a decline in cell viability at low concentrations but suppressed cell proliferation by arresting the cell cycle in the G2/M phase and increased the risk of tetraploid generation in a small subset of cases. Conclusions Our study revealed the results of a colchicine-induced toxicity test in prenatal cells and determined the anti-mitotic biologically functional dose and manner of administration that might reduce the risk of tetraploid generation.
Palliative care training addressed to hospital healthcare professionals by palliative care specialists: a mixed-method evaluation
Authors: Artioli Giovanna , Bedini Gabriele , Bertocchi Elisabetta , Ghirotto Luca , Cavuto Silvio , Costantini Massimo , Tanzi Silvia 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background: Despite the great advances in the concept of palliative care (PC) and its benefits, its application seems to be delayed, leaving unfulfilled the many needs of patients and family members. One way to overcome this difficulty could be to develop a new training programme by palliative care specialists to improve PC primary skills in healthcare professionals. The aim of this study was to evaluate the training's impact on trainees within a hospital setting using Kirkpatrick’s and Moore's models.
Methods: We adopted a mixed-method evaluation with concurrent triangulation. The evaluation followed the first three steps of Kirkpatrick’s and Moore’s models and included a pre- and post-training evaluation through self-administered questionnaires and focus groups. We used the McNemar statistical test.
Results: The results highlighted the significant amount of knowledge acquired by the hospital professionals after training, in terms of increasing their knowledge of palliative care and in terms of the change in meaning that they attributed to phenomena related to chronicity and incurability, which they encounter daily in their professional practice. In both quantitative and qualitative research, the results, in synthesis, highlight:the development of a new concept of palliative care, centred on the response to the holistic needs of people;
that palliative care can also be extended to non-oncological patients in advanced illness stages (our training was directed to Geriatrics and Nephrology/Dialysis professionals);
the empowerment and the increase in self-esteem that healthcare professionals gained, from learning about the logistical and structural organization of palliative care, to activate and implement PC;
the need to share personal aspects of their professional life (this result emerges only in qualitative research);
the appreciation of cooperation and the joining of multiple competences towards a synergistic approach and enhanced outcomes.

Conclusion: It is necessary to further develop rigorous research on training evaluation, at the most complex orders of the Kirkpatrick and Moore models, to measure primary PC skills in health care professionals. This will develop the effectiveness of the integration of I- and II-level palliative care competencies in hospitals and improve outcomes of patients’ and families’ quality of life.
Analysis of exosomal circRNAs upon irradiation in pancreatic cancer cell repopulation
Authors: Chen Yi-yun , Jiang Ming-jie , Chen Zhi-long , Tian Ling 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background : Pancreatic cancer is one of most malignant tumors. However, radiotherapy can lead to tumor recurrence, which is the cause of the residual surviving cells repopulation by some molecular released from dying cells. Exosomes may mediate cell-cell communication and transfer kinds of signals from the dying cells to the surviving cells for stimulating tumor repopulation. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) may be one vital kind of exosomal cargos involving in modulating cancer cell repopulation.
Methods: Next generation sequencing (NGS) and bioinformatics were performed to analysis and annotate the expressions and functions of exosome-derived circRNAs in pancreatic cells during radiation. 4 circRNAs were chosen for qRT-PCR analysis to validate the sequencing.
Results: In this study, 3580 circRNAs were annotated in literatures and circBase among 12572 identified circRNAs. And there were 196 filtered differentially expressed circRNAs (the up-regulation and down-regulation respectively is 182 and 14, fold change >2, p-value <0.05). Regulation of metabolic process and lysine degradation were the main biological processes and pathway enrichment according to Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG).
Conclusions: The hsa_circ_0002130-hsa_miR_4482-3p-NBN interaction network suggested potential miRNA sponge and target mRNA. Our results provided potential functions of circRNAs to explore molecular mechanisms and therapeutic targets in pancreatic cancer cell repopulation upon irradiation.