bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pyruvate Dehydrogenase PDH-E1β Controls Tumor Progression by Altering the Metabolic Status of Cancer Cells
Authors: Yonashiro Ryo , Eguchi Kayoko , Wake Masaki , Takeda Norihiko , Nakayama Koh 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Downregulation of pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) is critical for the aberrant preferential activation of glycolysis in cancer cells under normoxic conditions. Phosphorylation-dependent inhibition of PDH is a relevant event in this process, but it is not durable as it relies on PDH kinases that are activated ordinarily under hypoxic conditions. Thus, it remains unclear how PDH is durably downregulated in cancer cells that are not hypoxic. Building on evidence that PDH activity depends on the stability of a multi-protein PDH complex, we found that the PDH-E1β subunit of the PDH complex is downregulated to inhibit PDH activity under conditions of prolonged hypoxia. After restoration of normoxic conditions, reduced expression of PDH-E1β was sustained such that glycolysis remained highly activated. Notably, PDH-E1β silencing in cancer cells produced a metabolic state strongly resembling the Warburg effect, but inhibited tumor growth. Conversely, enforced exogenous expression of PDH-E1β durably increased PDH activity and promoted the malignant growth of breast cancer cells in vivo. Taken together, our results establish the specific mechanism through which PDH acts as an oncogenic factor by tuning glycolytic metabolism in cancer cells.
Significance: This seminal study offers a mechanistic explanation for why glycolysis is aberrantly activated in normoxic cancer cells, offering insights into this long-standing hallmark of cancer termed the Warburg effect. Cancer Res; 78(7); 1592–603. ©2018 AACR.
ІННОВАЦІЙНИЙ МЕНЕДЖМЕНТ В ОСВІТНІХ ЗАКЛАДАХ З ІНКЛЮЗИВНОЮ СКЛАДОВОЮ У ВНЗ І–ІІ РІВНІВ АКРЕДИТАЦІЇ
Authors: Lytvynova O. N. , Stadnitskaya I. R. 
Published: February 2018

У статті показано інноваційні форми управління у ВНЗ І–ІІ рівнів акредитації із певною інклюзивною часткою.
The evaluation of the in vitro antimicrobial properties of fibers functionalized by chitosan nanoparticles
Authors: Ristić Tijana , Persin Zdenka , Kralj Kuncic Marjetka , Kosalec Ivan , Zemljic Lidija Fras 
Published: February 2018

In this work, chitosan (CS) and its water-soluble derivatives, N,N,N-trimethyl chitosans (TMC), were used in the form of solution and nanoparticles dispersions (CSNP) as an adsorbate for cellulose fibers in order to obtain bioactive functionality of fibers aimed toward use in tampons. To examine the usability of bioactive tampons it is extremely important to provide detailed information about tampons’ antimicrobial capacity regarding pathogen microorganisms (MOs), as well as for those responsible for healthy flora such as Lactobacillus sp. Thus, evaluation of the in vitro antimicrobial properties of functionalized fibers was performed in detail using the standard shake-flask test method (ASTM E2149) and “time-kill” method (non-standard method) against S. aureus, E. coli, and C. albicans. Both methods were compared. Susceptibility of Lactobacillus sp. to coated fibers was tested as well. Additionally, cytotoxic properties of fibers were evaluated as a further indicator of safety aspect of tampons functionalized by CS and TMC. The results show that specific functionalization of tampons using CS nanoparticles could improve tampon antimicrobial activity and offer a safety upgrade for the regular feminine cotton tampon, providing an attractive feature.
Five-year outcome after pelvic floor reconstructive surgery: evaluation using dynamic magnetic resonance imaging compared to clinical examination and quality-of-life questionnaire
Authors: Alt Céline D , Benner Laura , Mokry Theresa , Lenz Florian , Hallscheidt Peter , Sohn Christof , Kauczor Hans-Ulrich , Brocker Kerstin A 
Published: February 2018

Background Dynamic magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) captures the entire pelvis during Valsalva maneuver and helps diagnosing pelvic floor changes after reconstructive surgery. Purpose To evaluate therapeutic outcome five years after reconstructive surgery using clinical examination, dMRI, and quality-of-life (QOL) questionnaire. Material and Methods Clinical examination, dMRI, and QOL questionnaire were conducted before surgery and in the follow-ups at 12 weeks, one year, and five years in women with pelvic organ prolapse (POP) stage ≥2. dMRI was performed at 1.5-T using a predefined protocol including sagittal T2-weighted (T2W) sequence at rest and sagittal T2W true-FISP sequence at maximum strain for metric POP measurements (reference points = bladder, cervix, pouch, rectum). Pelvic organ mobility (POM) was defined as the difference of the metric measurement at maximum strain and at rest. Results Twenty-six women with 104 MRI examinations were available for analysis. dMRI results mostly differ to clinical examination regarding the overall five-year outcome and the posterior compartment in particular. dMRI diagnosed substantially more patients with recurrent or de novo POP in the posterior compartment (n = 17) compared to clinical examination (n = 4). POM after five years aligns to preoperative status except for the bladder. POM reflects best the QOL results regarding defecation disorders. Conclusion A tendency for recurrent and de novo POP was seen in all diagnostic modalities applied. dMRI objectively visualizes the interaction of the pelvic organs and the pelvic floor after reconstructive surgery and POM correlated best with the women’s personal impression on pelvic floor complaints.
Pilot Randomized Phase II Trial of the Enhancing Quality of Life in Patients (EQUIP) Intervention for Patients With Advanced Lung Cancer
Authors: Yang Grace Meijuan , Teo Irene , Neo Shirlyn Hui-Shan , Tan Daniel , Cheung Yin Bun 
Published: February 2018

Context: New models of care that are effective and feasible for widespread implementation need to be developed for the delivery of early palliative care to patients with advanced cancer. Objectives: The objectives were to determine the feasibility and acceptability of the Enhancing Quality of Life in Patients (EQUIP) intervention, data completion rate of patient-reported outcome measures in the context of the EQUIP trial, and the estimated effect of the EQUIP intervention on quality of life and mood. Methods: In this pilot randomized phase II trial, eligible patients had newly diagnosed advanced lung cancer and an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 0, 1, or 2. Randomization was to the control group that received standard oncology care or to the intervention group where patients individually received the EQUIP intervention, comprising 4 face-to-face educational sessions with a nurse. Results: A total of 69 patients were recruited. In the intervention group, 30 (85.7%) of 35 patients completed all 4 EQUIP sessions. All patients were satisfied with the topics shared and felt they were useful. However, there was no significant difference between intervention and control groups in terms of quality of life and mood at 12 weeks after baseline. Conclusion: This pilot study showed that nurse-directed face-to-face educational sessions were feasible and acceptable to patients with advanced lung cancer. However, there was no indication of benefit of the EQUIP intervention on quality of life and mood. This could be due in part to a low prevalence of targeted symptoms.
A Homogeneous Time-Resolved Fluorescence Immunoassay Method for the Measurement of Compound W
Authors: Huang Biao , Yu Huixin , Bao Jiandong , Zhang Manda , Green William L , Wu Sing-Yung 
Published: February 2018

Objective: Using compound W (a 3,3′-diiodothyronine sulfate [T2S] immuno-crossreactive material)-specific polyclonal antibodies and homogeneous time-resolved fluorescence immunoassay assay techniques (AlphaLISA) to establish an indirect competitive compound W (ICW) quantitative detection method. Method: Photosensitive particles (donor beads) coated with compound W or T2S and rabbit anti-W antibody were incubated with biotinylated goat anti-rabbit antibody. This constitutes a detection system with streptavidin-coated acceptor particle. We have optimized the test conditions and evaluated the detection performance. Results: The sensitivity of the method was 5 pg/mL, and the detection range was 5 to 10 000 pg/mL. The intra-assay coefficient of variation averages <10% with stable reproducibility. Conclusions: The ICW-AlphaLISA shows good stability and high sensitivity and can measure a wide range of compound W levels in extracts of maternal serum samples. This may have clinical application to screen congenital hypothyroidism in utero.
Bilateral bronchial stent deployment for palliative treatment of a compressive intrathoracic mass in a cat
Authors: Borgeat Kieran , Simpson Kerry , Reese David , Wilson Helen , Potter Joanna , Ogden Daniel 
Published: February 2018

Case summary Bronchial stents may be useful to relieve clinical signs of extraluminal compression. Herein we describe a case which, to our knowledge, is the first cat where bilateral bronchial stents have been used clinically. Respiratory signs of principal bronchial compression were alleviated after the stent procedure. Minor complications occurred, specifically: severe hypoxia during stent deployment; a transient, self-limiting postoperative pneumothorax possibly associated with ventilation-induced lung injury; bronchopneumonia (possibly pre-existing); and transient worsening of cough postoperatively. Stents were well- tolerated long- term. The cat was euthanased at 44 weeks post-stent procedure, owing to clinical signs of regurgitation, seemingly related to oesophageal dysfunction associated with tumour invasion. Relevance and novel information In this case, it appeared that bronchial stents were feasible and the procedure was associated with long-term improvement in respiratory signs related to extraluminal bronchial compression.
Prognostic Model for Stratification of Radioresistant Nasopharynx Carcinoma to Curative Salvage Radiotherapy
Authors: Li You Quan , Tian Yun Ming , Tan Sze Huey , Liu Ming Zhu , Kusumawidjaja Grace , Ong Enya H.W. , Zhao Chong , Tan Terence W.K. , Fong Kam Weng , Sommat Kiattisa , Soong Yoke Lim , Wee Joseph T.S. , Han Fei , Chua Melvin L.K. 
Published: February 2018

Purpose To investigate for a prognostic index (PI) to personalize recommendations for salvage intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) in patients with locally recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma (lrNPC). Methods Patients with lrNPC from two academic institutions (Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center [SYSUCC-A; n = 251 (training cohort)] and National Cancer Centre Singapore [NCCS; n = 114] and SYSUCC-B [n = 193 (validation cohorts)]) underwent salvage treatment with IMRT from 2001 to 2015. Primary and secondary clinical end points were overall survival (OS) and grade 5 toxicity-free rate (G5-TFR), respectively. Covariate inclusion to the PIs was qualified by a multivariable two-sided P < .05. Discrimination and calibration of the PIs were assessed. Results The primary PI comprised covariates that were adversely associated with OS in the training cohort (gross tumor volumerecurrence hazard ratio [HR], 1.01/mL increase [ P < .001], agerecurrence HR, 1.02/year increase [ P = .008]; repeat IMRT equivalent dose in 2-Gy fractions [EQD2] ≥ 68 Gy HR, 1.42 [ P = .03]; prior radiotherapy-induced grade ≥ 3 toxicities HR, 1.90 [ P = .001]; recurrent tumor [rT]-category 3 to 4 HR, 1.96 [ P = .005]), in ascending order of weight. Discrimination of the PI for OS was comparable between training and both validation cohorts (Harrell’s C = 0.71 [SYSUCC-A], 0.72 [NCCS], and 0.69 [SYSUCC-B]); discretization by using a fixed PI score cutoff of 252 determined from the training data set yielded low- and high-risk subgroups with disparate OS in the validation cohorts (NCCS HR, 3.09 [95% CI, 1.95 to 4.89]; SYSUCC-B HR, 3.80 [95% CI, 2.55 to 5.66]). Our five-factor PI predicted OS and G5-TFR (predicted v observed 36-month OS and G5-TFR, 22% v 15% and 38% v 44% for high-risk NCCS and 26% v 31% and 45% v 46% for high-risk SYSUCC-B). Conclusion We present a validated PI for robust clinical stratification of radioresistant NPC. Low-risk patients represent ideal candidates for curative repeat IMRT, whereas novel clinical trials are needed in the unfavorable high-risk subgroup.
Measurement of the perfusion fraction in brain tumors with intravoxel incoherent motion MR imaging: validation with histopathological vascular density in meningiomas
Authors: Togao Osamu , Hiwatashi Akio , Yamashita Koji , Kikuchi Kazufumi , Momosaka Daichi , Yoshimoto Koji , Kuga Daisuke , Mizoguchi Masahiro , Suzuki Satoshi O , Iwaki Toru , Van Cauteren Marc , Iihara Koji , Honda Hiroshi 
Published: February 2018

Objective:
To evaluate the quantification performance of the perfusion fraction (f) measured with intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) MR imaging in a comparison with the histological vascular density in meningiomas.

Methods:
29 consecutive patients with meningioma (59.0 ± 16.8 years old, 8 males and 21 females) who underwent a subsequent surgical resection were examined with both IVIM imaging and a histopathological analysis. IVIM imaging was conducted using a single-shot SE-EPI sequence with 13 b-factors (0, 10, 20, 30, 50, 80, 100, 200, 300, 400, 600, 800, 1000 s mm− 2) at 3T. The perfusion fraction (f) was calculated by fitting the IVIM bi-exponential model. The 90-percentile f-value in the tumor region-of-interest (ROI) was defined as the maximum f-value (f-max). Histopathological vascular density (%Vessel) was measured on CD31-immunostainted histopathological specimens. The correlation and agreement between the f-values and %Vessel was assessed.

Results:
The f-max (15.5 ± 5.5%) showed excellent agreement [intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) = 0.754] and a significant correlation (r = 0.69, p &lt; 0.0001) with the %Vessel (12.9 ± 9.4%) of the tumors. The Bland-Altman plot analysis showed excellent agreement between the f-max and %Vessel (bias, −2.6%; 95% limits of agreement, from −16.0 to 10.8%). The f-max was not significantly different among the histological subtypes of meningioma.

Conclusion:
An excellent agreement and a significant correlation were observed between the f-values and %Vessel. The f-value can be used as a noninvasive quantitative imaging measure to directly assess the vascular volume fraction in brain tumors.

Advances in knowledge:
The f-value measured by IVIM imaging showed a significant correlation and an excellent agreement with the histological vascular density in the meningiomas. The f-value can be used as a noninvasive and quantitative imaging measure to directly assess the volume fraction of capillaries in brain tumors.
Reflections on the use of the World Health Organization’s (WHO) OneHealth Tool: Implications for health planning in low and middle income countries (LMICs)
Authors: Wong John Q. , Haw Nel Jason , Uy Jhanna , Bayani Diana Beatriz 
Published: February 2018

The World Health Organization (WHO) launched the OneHealth Tool (OHT) to help low and middle income countries to develop their capacities for sector-wide priority setting. In 2016, we sought to use the OHT to aid the Philippine Health Insurance Corporation (PHIC), the national health insurer of the Philippines, in decisions to expand benefit packages using cost-effectiveness analyses. With technical support from the WHO, we convened health planning officers from the Philippine Department of Health (DOH) and the Philippine Health Insurance Corporation (PHIC) conduct generalized cost-effective analyses (GCEA) of selected un-financed noncommunicable disease interventions using OHT. We collected epidemiological and cost data through health facility surveys, review of literature such as cost libraries and clinical practice guidelines, and expert consultations. Although we were unable to use GCEA results directly to set policy, we learnt important policy lessons which we outline here that might help inform other countries looking to inform service coverage decisions. Additionally, the entire process and GCEA visualizations helped high-level policymakers in the health sector, who have traditionally relied on ad hoc decision making, to realize the need for a systematic and transparent priority-setting process that can continuously provide the evidence needed to inform service coverage decisions.
Ancestral morbid fascinations: Reformulating local culture through metal music in Puerto Rico
Authors: Rivera-Segarra Eliut , Varas-Díaz Nelson , Mendoza Sigrid , Díaz Xaymara 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
There has been an increased interest in and attention to the integration of local culture into the metal music, including metal being produced in Puerto Rico. During the 1990s, the metal genre, a musical style still perceived as a foreign (read: US) entity, incorporated Puerto Rican culture to its musical output in a celebratory manner. This tendency has changed, however, and today the scene is experiencing a thematic consolidation through lyrics and imagery that moves away from the celebratory strategies, opting instead for a more critical perspective regarding local culture. This article documents how the metal community in Puerto Rico has brought together metal music and local culture in a critical manner by emphasizing the reformulation of local elements. We undertook a case study that includes tools such as interviews and the analysis of visual documents. While cultural productions have usually been received by local audiences in an irreflexive and celebratory manner, more recently, the genre has produced music and art that use cultural elements to question this traditional manner of reception, highlighting through a critical gaze the way in which cultural productions have also alluded to morbid and grim fascinations. This examination will focus on the vejigante, a figure greatly depicted throughout cultural celebrations and in the arts in Puerto Rico. We discuss the way in which metal music employs its cultural production as a reflection of the dark side of Puerto Rican society, a topic which the majority of the population would rather leave untouched.
‘If you got a tape on, you’re committed’: The revival of cassette tapes in Toronto’s New Wave of Traditional Heavy Metal scene
Authors: Udarchik Anastasia 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
At the height of music digitization and dematerialization, we still find collectivities of people who use obsolete forms of music media not out of necessity, but as a conscious and meaningful choice. This article focuses on a case study of a surprising revival of cassette tapes in the New Wave of Traditional Heavy Metal (NWOTHM) scene in Toronto, Canada. I consider two broad questions. First, if the music of the bands in the scene can be easily downloaded or ripped off of a CD, and conveniently stored on computers and other devices, what is the appeal of cassette tapes for their consumers? And second, what new meanings have been ascribed to cassette tapes in the Toronto NWOTHM scene – has the main function of cassettes as a music storage medium changed entirely? In this article, I (1) propose that Toronto NWOTHM scene members have rekindled an attraction to physical media formats to close the tangibility gap between music and listener; (2) suggest that subjective media associations between various time periods and/or music genres foster the historically informed consumption of cassettes; (3) demonstrate these two points in the traditional heavy metal subculture in Toronto and (4) outline new meanings that cassettes have undertaken in this context, such as souvenir, materialization of subcultural capital and symbol of commitment.
Throat singing as extreme Other: An exploration of Mongolian and Central Asian style in extreme metal
Authors: Spracklen Karl 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Throat singing is a form of singing practised in a number of cultures, but it is not part of the premodern folk cultures of Western Europe that shaped contemporary Western popular culture. In contemporary Western music, throat singing from Central Asia is used or sampled in global fusion and dance music as an example of the mystical, timeless orient. In world music, another Western form of music, artists from China, Mongolia and Tuva who incorporate throat singing and roots music forms have become popular acts at festivals and the touring circuit. Throat singing has also been used by extreme metal bands from Asia to signify their authenticity and their connection to this traditional culture. In this article, I explore how throat singing is used by performers and consumers to construct belonging, authenticity, identity and extremity. I focus in particular on how throat singing and traditional cultural tropes are used by the Chinese folk metal band Tengger Cavalry, and Darkestrah, a black metal band from Kyrgyzstan.
Decay as a black metal symbol
Authors: Hoffin Kevin 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
This article intends to dissect black metal’s interestingly twisted relationship with decay. A deep study encompassing symbols of atrophy, with the eventual intention of observing and analysing them through a kaleidoscope of philosophical thought, influenced by, amongst others, the musings of Bataille, Kant and Nietzsche. Issues appearing in both the real and the metaphorical will be placed under inspection, and a suitably blackened light will be shone towards the extent of how black metal exists and thrives in the organic collapse of matter and sound. There will be discussions on how black metal has itself become attuned to decay and how the two processes feed off each other, exist in harmonic conjunction and on rare occasions, oppose the other’s being. How black metal has metastasized with atrophy. Here we shall see two forces inexplicably intertwined, the numerous links given exposure and attempted understanding in the realm of black metal theory.
Identification of phenolic compounds, antioxidant activity and anti-cancer effects of the extract obtained from the shoots of Ornithogalum narbonense L.
Authors: Koyuncu ć°smail , Gönel Ataman , Akdağ Abdurrahman , Yilmaz Mustafa Abdullah 
Published: February 2018

This study aimed to examine the anti-cancer and antioxidant properties and identify the phenolic content of methanol extract obtained from the shoots of the Ornithogalum narbonense L. (OR) plant, which is used for folk-medicine and food in the Sanliurfa region of Turkey. The antioxidant activity of the extract was investigated using total phenolics, flavonoids, ABTS and CUPRAC methods. Phenolic component analysis of the plant extract was performed by LC-MS/MS. The anti-cancer property of OR extract was investigated on human colon (DLD-1), endometrium (ECC-1) cancer cells and embryonic kidney (HEK-293) cells. Cytotoxic effects were defined with MTT, apoptotic activity with DNA fragmentation ELISA and AO/EB fluorescent staining, the genotixic effect with the comet assay and the intracellular oxidative status with TAS and TOS methods. As a result of the study, it was determined that OR extract showed an antioxidant effect, and as a result of the content analysis made with LC/MS-MS, phenolic components were determined, the most abundant being cosmosiin, followed by cinnamic acid, p-coumaric acid and Quinic acid. OR extract showed cytotoxic activity on DLD-1 and ECC-1 cancer cells, while the cytotoxic effect on HEK-293 cells was determined to be low. It was determined that through OR extract, by increasing the intracellular amount of free radicals on cancer cells, led to DNA damage, which consequently led to apoptosis of the cancer cells.