bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Increased osmolality enhances the tight junction‐mediated barrier function in a cultured renal epithelial cell line
Authors: Canuto Leandro P. , Collares‐Buzato Carla B. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractOsmotic alterations are associated with several human diseases, including diabetic nephropathy. We have previously shown that high glucose, which is a well‐known osmotic agent, induces significant disruption of the tight junction (TJ)‐mediated tubular barrier of the Madin–Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cell line. In this study, we investigated the effect of acute (24 h) and chronic (72 h) exposure to increased osmolality (with a 14.5 mM mannitol solution) on TJ‐mediated barrier function in MDCK cells. The treatment with mannitol significantly increased the transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) and accelerated the TEER recovery after Ca2+ switch assay in comparison with control monolayers. Immunofluorescence and Western blot analyses showed that mannitol treatment induced a significant increase in the tight junctional and cellular content of claudin‐1 (a barrier‐forming claudin) as well as a significant decrease in claudin‐2 (a pore‐forming claudin) junctional and cellular contents. These data suggest that an increased osmolality induces enhancement of the TJ‐mediated barrier of MDCK cells, and that, therefore, the negative effect of high glucose on the epithelial paracellular barrier cannot be attributed to its osmotic actions. In addition, a subtle increase in osmolality may have an impact on kidney function and renal‐related diseases.
Relationship of mildly increased albuminuria and coronary artery revascularization outcomes in patients with diabetes
Authors: Siddique Ayesha , Murphy Timothy P. , Naeem Syed S. , Siddiqui Efaza U. , Pencina Karol M. , McEnteggart Gregory E. , Sellke Frank W. , Dworkin Lance D. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this study was to examine the relationship of albuminuria to cardiovascular disease outcomes in diabetic patients undergoing treatment for stable coronary artery disease.Methods and resultsWe analyzed data from 2176 participants of the Bypass Angioplasty Revascularization Investigation in type‐2 diabetes (BARI‐2D) trial, a randomized clinical trial comparing Percutaneous coronary intervention/Coronary artery bypass grafting (PCI/CABG) to medical therapy for people with diabetes. The population was stratified by baseline spot urine albumin–creatinine ratio (uACR) into normal (uACR <10 mg/g), mildly (uACR ≥10 mg/g < 30 mg/g), moderately (uACR ≥30 mg/g < 300 mg/g) and severely increased (uACR ≥300 mg/g) groups, and outcomes compared between groups. Death, myocardial infarction (MI) and/or stroke were experienced by 489 patients at a mean follow‐up of 4.3 ± 1.5 years. Compared with normal uACR, mildly increased uACR was associated with a 1.4 times (P = 0.042) increase in all‐cause mortality. Additionally, nonwhites with type‐II diabetes and stable coronary artery disease who had mildly increased albuminuria had a Hazard ratio (HR) of 3.3 times (P = 0.028) for cardiovascular death, 3.1 times for (P = 0.002) all‐cause mortality, and two times for (P = 0.015) MI during follow‐up.ConclusionsMildly increased albuminuria is a significant predictor of all‐cause mortality in those with type‐II diabetes mellitus and stable coronary artery disease, as well as for cardiovascular events those who are nonwhites.
Delayed aortic dissection and valve thrombosis after transcatheter aortic valve implantation
Authors: Jacobzon Ehud , Wolak Arik , Fink Danny , Silberman Shuli 
Published: November 2018

AbstractWe report a case of a 78‐year‐old female who presented with type A aortic dissection 22 months following transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). In addition, preoperative echocardiogram showed high gradients across the aortic prosthesis which was found to be thrombosed. At surgery, the intimal tear appeared to be non‐acute and anatomically related to the rim of the valve cage. The thrombosed valve was not replaced and the patient received anticoagulation therapy following surgery with significant improvement in valve gradients.
Breakthrough Curves Analysis and Statistical Design of Phenol Adsorption on Activated Carbon
Authors: Benmahdi Fatiha , Semra Safia , Haddad Djemal , Mandin Philippe , Kolli Mounira , Bouhelassa Mohammed 
Published: November 2018

AbstractActivated carbon was used as an adsorbent for the removal of phenol from aqueous solution under various operating conditions. Statistical design using MATLAB® tools was employed to study the effects of three variables on six different response factors. MATLAB® software was employed to solve proposed quadratic model equations and for fitting a quadratic response surface. All the models with a very high adjusted R‐square predicted the experimental data well. The Thomas, the Yoon‐Nelson, the Wolborska, the bed depth service time, and the linear driving force models were used to predict breakthrough curves for experimental data. The results showed that the linear driving force model was suitable for the prediction of the breakthrough curve data.
Graphene Oxide Induced Growth of Nitrogen‐Doped Carbon Nanotubes as a 1D/2D Composite for High‐Performance Lithium‐Sulfur Batteries
Authors: Yang He , Zhang Xu , Zhu Weili , Wang Fang , Li Yongpeng , Fan Qiuyu , Xiao Hongyan , Zhang Fengxiang 
Published: November 2018

AbstractA nitrogen‐doped carbon nanotubes/graphene (NCNTs‐G) composite as the sulfur host for a lithium‐sulfur battery has been fabricated by in situ growth of NCNTs on graphene in a one‐step nickel‐catalyzed thermolysis. The graphene sheet can function as a robust support to anchor NCNTs so that the specific surface area of the composite can be increased and the charge‐transfer resistance is reduced. These features, together with the high N‐doping level, impart the NCNTs‐G/S cathode a high utilization of sulfur, and the polysulfide shuttle effect can be effectively inhibited by both physical confinement and chemical adsorption. Therefore, the NCNTs‐G/S cathode shows high reversible capacities of 1484 mA h g−1 and 985 mA h g−1 at the current rate of 0.1 C and 0.5 C, respectively. It also exhibits a good cycling stability; 82 % of its initial capacity is retained after 150 cycles at 0.5 C, and a very small capacity decay rate of 0.06 % per cycle resulted in 400 cycles at 1 C. Based on the above structural characteristics and battery performance results, the NCNTs‐G/S is a promising cathode for a high‐performance Li−S battery.
Synthesis of Pure Silica MWW Zeolite in Fluoride Medium by Using an Imidazolium‐Based Long Dication
Authors: Lu Peng , Gómez‐Hortigüela Luis , Camblor Miguel A. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractAs the spacer length in 1,2‐dimethylimidazolium‐based dications increases beyond a specific point (six methylene units), they fail in structure‐directing towards STW zeolites in any synthetic conditions. These dications can instead produce, under fluoride concentrated conditions, either *BEA [in the case of the eight‐methylene‐unit structure‐directing agent (SDA)] or MWW (ten methylene units) zeolites. For any length of the dication, the default zeolite (MTW) is a relatively dense zeolite containing a unidimensional channel, whereas the zeolite demanding most specificity (STW, *BEA or MWW) is more porous, affording a larger concentration of the dication to be occluded. This work provides the first reported fluoride synthesis of pure silica MWW zeolites. Charge balance of the organic dications in this zeolite was achieved by combining “structural” silanolates, regular “connectivity defects” and occluded fluoride. Molecular mechanics calculations showed a perfect fit of the decamethylenebis(dimethylimidazolium) dication in the sinusoidal intralayer pore system of MWW. The calculations showed also that the dication is able to stabilize the interlayer space without disturbing the hydrogen‐bonding system that holds the layers together in the as‐made material. The 19F magic‐angle spinning (MAS) NMR presented two distinct resonances at −71 and −83 ppm, which, on the basis of DFT calculations, we tentatively assigned to fluoride occluded in [4662] and [415262] cages of the MWW structure, respectively. The same DFT study determines a different chemical shift of one methyl 13C nuclear magnetic resonance according to the imidazolium ring residing in the sinusoidal channels or in the large cup cavities, thus explaining an experimentally observed splitting of that resonance.
A secured MANET using position‐based opportunistic routing and SEMI MARKOV process
Authors: Maragatharajan M. , Balasubramanian C. , Balakannan S. P. 
Published: November 2018

SummaryInthe mobile ad hoc network (MANET), the nodes are moving very frequently and they do not have any fixed infrastructure. For reliable data delivery in MANET, we have analyzed the efficiency of data delivery using Position‐based Opportunistic routing method and greedy forwarding technique, which is based on geographic routing method. Initially, the MANET is divided into a number of provinces to identify the location of the receiver, and then Geographic routing is applied on the network for transmission of data. Based on the performance and throughput, the best forwarder node will be identified. Semi Markov process is used to develop the node behavior model for network survivability. In this work, reliable data delivery is obtained for the MANET by estimating the present performance of the network through isolating the forwarder node in Semi Markov process.
Immune Cell and Cell Cluster Phenotyping, Quantitation, and Visualization Using In Silico Multiplexed Images and Tissue Cytometry
Authors: Blenman Kim R.M. , Bosenberg Marcus W. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractPhenotyping immune cells and cell clusters in situ, including their activation state and function, can aid in interpretation of spatial relationships within the tissue microenvironment. Immune cell phenotypes require multiple biomarkers. However, conventional microscopy setups can only image up to four biomarkers at one time. In this report, we describe and give an example of a workflow to phenotype, quantitate, and visualize greater than four biomarkers in silico utilizing multiplexed fluorescence histology and the TissueFAXS quantitative imaging system with a conventional microscopy setup. Biomarkers were conjugated to Cy3 or Cy5. Multiplexed staining was performed on formalin‐fixed paraffin‐embedded tissue sections. We imaged the slides, inactivated the dyes, and repeated the process until all biomarkers were stained. Phenotype profiles were built based on in silico combinations of the biomarkers. We used algorithms that aligned all images to create a composite image, isolated each cell in the image, and identified biomarker positive cells in the image. The in silico phenotypes were quantitated and displayed through flow cytometry‐like histograms and dot scatterplots in addition to backgating into the tissue images. The advantage of our workflow is that it provides visual verification of cell isolation and identification as well as highlight characteristics of cells and cell clusters. © 2018 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry
Differences between national and international guidelines for the management of diabetic foot disease
Authors: Parker Christina N. , Van Netten Jaap J. , Parker Tony J. , Jia Limin , Corcoran Heidi , Garrett Michele , Kwok Ching F. , Nather Aziz , Que Ma. Teresa , Srisawasdi Gulapar , Wraight Paul , Lazzarini Peter A. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractAimNo studies have investigated if national guidelines to manage diabetic foot disease differ from international guidelines. This study aimed to compare guidelines of Western Pacific nations with the International Working Group on the Diabetic Foot (IWGDF) guidance documents.MethodsThe 77 recommendations in five chapters of the 2015 IWGDF guidance documents were used as the international gold standard reference. The IWGDF national representative(s) from 12 Western Pacific nations were invited to submit their nation's diabetic foot guideline(s). Four investigators rated information in the national guidelines as “similar,” “partially similar,” “not similar,” or “different” when compared with IWGDF recommendations. National representative(s) reviewed findings. Disagreements in ratings were discussed until consensus agreement achieved.ResultsEight of 12 nations (67%) responded: Australia, China, New Zealand, Taiwan, and Thailand provided national guidelines; Singapore provided the Association of Southeast Asian Nations guidelines; and Hong Kong and the Philippines advised no formal national diabetic foot guidelines existed. The six national guidelines included were 39% similar/partially similar, 58% not similar, and 2% different compared with the IWGDF recommendations. Within individual IWGDF chapters, the six national guidelines were similar/partially similar with 53% of recommendations for the IWGDF prevention chapter, 42% for wound healing, 40% for infection, 40% for peripheral artery disease, and 20% for offloading.ConclusionsNational diabetic foot disease guidelines from a large and diverse region of the world showed limited similarity to recommendations made by international guidelines. Differences between recommendations may contribute to differences in national diabetic foot disease outcomes and burdens.
Evolution of Safety and Other Quality Parameters of the Greek PDO Table Olives “Prasines Elies Chalkidikis” During Industrial Scale Processing and Storage
Authors: Mastralexi Aspasia , Mantzouridou Fani Th. , Tsimidou Maria Z. 
Published: November 2018

The evolution of safety and other quality parameters of the Greek green table olives PDO “Prasines Elies Chalkidikis” that are prepared according to the Spanish style processing is examined systematically at the industrial scale and 12 month storage for two consecutive periods for the first time. Evolution of safety parameters (bacteria/yeasts, pH, acidity) during fermentation in brine and on olives upon storage, changes in olive color and texture during storage, and the fate of characteristic hydrophilic and hydrophobic antioxidants (oleuropein, ligstroside, and related compounds, α‐tocopherol, squalene), and sodium content are monitored using appropriate methods. Sensory scores are also provided in certain cases. Findings support that the final product is microbiologically safe and of acceptable characteristics. However, except for compliance with trade quality criteria, attention should be paid to the reduction in phenolic compounds (hydroxytyrosol, tyrosol) content and the important increase in sodium content due to fermentation and storage in brine. This prototype model study indicates loopholes in the efforts to establish table olives as a functional food.Practical Applications: Industry has to compromise legal safety and nutritional aspects with traditional processing and storage conditions that are applied in PDO table olive production, considering also intrinsic cultivar characteristics of the drupes. Policy makers, regulatory bodies, IOC, and the industry may profit from the substantiation provided by the results of this 2 years study.A systematic study of the industrial production line of the Greek green table olives PDO “Prasines Elies Chalkidikis” for two consecutive processing periods.
Outage and error analysis of three hop hybrid VLC/FSO/VLC–based relayed optical wireless communication system
Authors: Vats Anshul , Aggarwal Mona , Ahuja Swaran 
Published: November 2018

AbstractIn this paper, we consider a three hop hybrid visible light communication/free space optical/visible light communication (VLC/FSO/VLC) system in which the information is transmitted from a room inside the building on a VLC link toward the decode and forward (DF) relay attached to that building. The relay maps the incoming signal on the FSO link and forwards it to the other DF relay attached to the second building, which further passes it down to the user inside the room onto the VLC downlink. The VLC and FSO links follow the Lambertian emission model and Gamma‐Gamma fading statistics, respectively, under the impact of atmospheric turbulence, pointing errors, semiangle, and field of view of the detector. The performance of the three hop hybrid system is derived in terms of the closed‐form expression for the outage probability. The error performance is analyzed in terms of average symbol error probability of the considered hybrid system. Furthermore, an expression for asymptotic outage probability of the system is derived to investigate the behavior of the system at high signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) regimes. The impact of variation in the parameters on the hybrid VLC/FSO//VLC communication system performance is illustrated by the numerical plots.
Supervised machine learning quality control for magnetic resonance artifacts in neonatal data sets
Authors: Ding Yang , Suffren Sabrina , Bellec Pierre , Lodygensky Gregory A. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractQuality control (QC) of brain magnetic resonance images (MRI) is an important process requiring a significant amount of manual inspection. Major artifacts, such as severe subject motion, are easy to identify to naïve observers but lack automated identification tools. Clinical trials involving motion‐prone neonates typically pool data to obtain sufficient power, and automated quality control protocols are especially important to safeguard data quality. Current study tested an open source method to detect major artifacts among 2D neonatal MRI via supervised machine learning. A total of 1,020 two‐dimensional transverse T2‐weighted MRI images of preterm newborns were examined and classified as either QC Pass or QC Fail. Then 70 features across focus, texture, noise, and natural scene statistics categories were extracted from each image. Several different classifiers were trained and their performance was compared with subjective rating as the gold standard. We repeated the rating process again to examine the stability of the rating and classification. When tested via 10‐fold cross validation, the random undersampling and adaboost ensemble (RUSBoost) method achieved the best overall performance for QC Fail images with 85% positive predictive value along with 75% sensitivity. Similar classification performance was observed in the analyses of the repeated subjective rating. Current results served as a proof of concept for predicting images that fail quality control using no‐reference objective image features. We also highlighted the importance of evaluating results beyond mere accuracy as a performance measure for machine learning in imbalanced group settings due to larger proportion of QC Pass quality images.
Universal neural basis of structure building evidenced by network modulations emerging from Broca's area: The case of Chinese
Authors: Wu Chiao‐Yi , Zaccarella Emiliano , Friederici Angela D. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe basic steps in building up language involve binding words of different categories into a hierarchical structure. To what extent these steps are universal or differ across languages is an open issue. Here we examine the neural dynamics of phrase structure building in Chinese—a language that in contrast to other languages heavily depends on contextual semantic information. We used functional magnetic resonance imaging and dynamic causal modeling to identify the relevant brain regions and their dynamic relations. Language stimuli consisted of syntax‐driving determiners, semantics‐embedded classifiers, and nonverbal symbols making up for two‐component sequences manipulated by the factors structure (phrase/list) and number of words (2‐word/1‐word). Processing phrases compared with word lists elicited greater activation in the anterior part of Broca's area, Brodmann area (BA) 45, and the left posterior superior/middle temporal gyri (pSTG/pMTG), while processing two words against one word led to stronger involvement of the left BA 45, BA 44, and insula. Differential network modulations emerging from subparts of Broca's area revealed that phrasal construction in particular highly modulated the direct connection from BA 44 to left pMTG, suggesting BA 44’s primary role in phrase structure building. Conversely, the involvement of BA 45 rather appears sensitive to the reliance on lexico‐semantic information in Chinese. Against the background of previous findings from other languages, the present results indicate that phrase structure building has a universal neural basis within the left fronto‐temporal network. Most importantly, they provide the first evidence demonstrating that the structure‐building network may be modulated by language‐specific characteristics.
Hydroclimatic controls on runoff activation in an artificially drained, near‐level vertisolic clay landscape in a Prairie climate
Authors: Kokulan Vivekananthan , Macrae Merrin L. , Ali Genevieve A. , Lobb David A. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractWater quality problems are frequently influenced by hydrological processes, particularly in landscapes in which land drainage has been modified. The expansion of agricultural tile drainage in the Northern Great Plains of North America is occurring, yet is controversial due to persistent water quality problems such as eutrophication. Runoff‐generating mechanisms in North American tile‐drained landscapes in vertisolic soils have not been investigated but are important for understanding the impacts of tile drainage on water quantity and quality. This study evaluated the role of climate drivers on the activation of overland (OF) and tile (TF) flow and groundwater flow responses (GWT) on tile‐drained and nontile‐drained farm fields in Southern Manitoba, Canada. The response times of different flow paths (OF, TF, and GWT) were compared for 23 hydrological events (April–September 2015, 2016) to infer dominant runoff generation processes. Runoff responses (all pathways) were more rapid following higher intensity rainfall. Subsurface responses were hastened by wetter antecedent conditions in spring and delayed by the seasonal soil–ice layer. The activation of OF did not differ between the tiled and nontiled fields, suggesting that tile drains do little to reduce the occurrence of OF in this landscape. Rapid vertical preferential flow into tiles via preferential flow pathways was uncommon at our site, and the soil profile instead wet up from the top down. These conclusions have implications for the expansion of tile drainage and the impact of such an expansion on hydrological and biogeochemical processes in agricultural landscapes.