bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Context-dependent information space for construction information processes
Authors: Hilbert F , Schülbe R , Fuchs S 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The planning and construction of buildings and structures is based on collaborative building information processes. The information supply of these processes is characterized by the exchange of heterogeneous domain-specific information. For the treatment of most problems in the construction industry, the information involved is rarely considered in isolation, but rather elements from different information models are linked with each other. The concept of the information space has established itself for the persistence of such linked information models. For sustainable building, the continuous use of existing information models or information spaces is indispensable. Various implementation approaches exist for information spaces in civil engineering. One approach that is currently in the initial phase of standardisation and will therefore spread further in the construction industry is the multimodel approach. For large construction projects or more complex buildings, multimodels become very large and often contain information that is unnecessary for the respective processing situation. This makes the handling of such multimodels cumbersome and slows down the acceptance. One approach to reducing multimodels is to adapt them to the information needs of the respective information process. Information processes are embedded in a task context that essentially determines the information requirements of the process. In order to anticipate such situational information needs, this paper presents a method to define context-adaptive multimodel templates based on a formalization of the context dependencies of the information requirements. These can be evaluated at the time of application towards situation-specific information requirements and form a basis for the creation of situational information spaces for the realization of a context-oriented information supply.
Sensitivity Analysis of Life Cycle Impacts Distribution Methods Choice Applied to Silica Fume Production
Authors: Timm J F G , Morales M F D , Passuello A 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The construction sector is known as an important consumer of natural resources. The use of by-products from different production chains in the sector is encouraged, promoting a reduction in the extraction of natural resources, reducing the need for residues disposal and enhancing circularity. Silica fume is a by-product from the smelting process in the silicon and ferrosilicon industry, commonly used as concrete supplementary cementitious material, which provides chemical and physical effects on concrete microstructure. When LCA evaluation is conducted, different impact distribution models may be applied to assess the potential impact of the by-productss. Although their benefits are recognized, some studies still report them as burden free, having no allocated impacts . Thereby, the aim of this paper is to evaluate the differences in silica fume life cycle impacts by analyzing three scenarios from cradle to gate, considering the modeling procedures described by ISO 14040, the Cut-off model from Ecoinvent version 3.3 and the impact assessment method CML v.4.4, according to the CEN EN 15804 recommended categories. Results enhance the understanding regarding model selection and demonstrate that the selection of the proper distribution model is key, considering that this may lead to important differences in the results.
Integrating Earthen Building Materials and Methods into Mainstream Construction Using Environmental Performance Assessment and Building Policy
Authors: Ben-Alon L , Loftness V , Harries K A , Cochran Hameen E 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Earthen building materials offer an environmentally sustainable alternative to conventional materials because they are locally available, minimally processed, and waste-free. However, they have not been comprehensively implemented because their technical data is highly variable, and they are not fully represented in building codes. To address these hurdles, this paper presents an environmental assessment and a policy repair review, including an environmental embodied impact analysis, and a discussion of the regulatory development required for earthen construction. The results of the environmental assessment show that earthen wall assemblies significantly reduce environmental impacts by 62-99% when compared with conventional assemblies such as timber frame and concrete blocks. Additionally, the policy discussion provides recommendations to overcoming materials variability and regulatory organizational collaboration. Overall, this paper highlights the importance of environmental and policy measures that could be used by policy makers and earthen building advocates in their endeavours to catalyse the representation of earthen building materials and methods in mainstream construction.
Whole-Life Costing of a French Single-Family House Refurbishment: the “Bat-Eco2” case study
Authors: Colli C , Bataille A , Antczak E 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Bat-Eco 2 is a research project on building refurbishment life cyle assessment (LCA) and whole-life costing (WLC). The project’s goal is to contribute to the development of a tool to help decision-making on refurbishment solutions, considering the environmental aspects along with the economic ones. This project has been split in four steps: (i) LCA of a standard single-family house refurbishment built in 1939 and located in Libercourt, Hauts-de-France; (ii) WLC of the same case study; (iii) crossing of LCA results with WLC ones; (iv) simplified tool specification in agreement with these results. This paper presents the WLC methodological choices and the corresponding WLC results. The WLC methodology complies with the ISO 15686-5. It details the refurbishment life cycle stages in compliance with the EN 15 978. The main choices are presented, i.e. system boundaries, economic rates, present costs for each life cycle stage, building residual value. Results enable to enumerate economic hotspots for the case study of this single-family house refurbishment. The whole-life costing is calculated using excel sheets, considering economic data from the social landlord Maison & Cités, house owner of the study case.
Implementing sustainable sourcing in construction: Results of a current analysis of the Austrian market
Authors: Wall J , Hofstadler C 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Achieving the UN sustainable development goals, construction industry shows a great potential. Since 50% of the total resource consumption and 40% of the entire energy demand in the European Union are caused by the construction sector, procurement processes indicate a crucial starting point improving sustainable construction. Currently, organizations struggle with implementing sustainable procurement processes. Missing information on sustainability issues can be stated as an important problem in the sourcing procedure. Consequently, interactions of planning processes and sustainable procurement represent a fundamental topic. To investigate the current situation on procurement especially in Austria, an expert survey has been carried out. Therefore, a set of three central research questions has been elaborated that could be evaluated by a detailed survey. Based on the detection of relevant stakeholders, by means of a standardized online-questionnaire the implementation of life cycle-oriented sustainability issues has been surveyed. The contribution is going to illustrate the current situation of lifecycle-oriented planning, awarding and tendering of construction works in Austria. Furthermore, deductions were made based on the results of the survey, indicating action areas and presenting future potential of the application of building information modelling.
Implementation of Sustainable Development Goals in construction industry - a systemic consideration of synergies and trade-offs
Authors: Wieser A A , Scherz M , Maier S , Passer A , Kreiner H 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
According to sustainability research the world has exceeded four out of seven planetary boundaries. The areas of climate change, biodiversity loss, nitrogen cycle and land use have left the so called safe operating space for humanity. The built environment is one of the major contributors to environmental impacts. Especially the embodied energy during the construction phase of the built environment and the energy demands during the use of buildings contribute to a high energy and resource consumption. In the year 2015 the United Nations adopted the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), a universal development agenda, which goals need to be fulfilled by the year 2030 and by all UN countries worldwide. Amongst other countries Austria has adopted the 2030 agenda and has committed itself to the SDGs. Research objective was to explore the application of systemic approaches in the field of SDGs. The work presents a systematic literature review (SLR) and discusses an application of a qualitative system analysis (carried out with the tool iMODELER) on the SDGs. Results show how interdependencies among SDGs and among chosen concrete actions, e.g. for the built environment, can be visualized for a better systemic understanding. By visualizing synergies and trade-offs, effects of decisions taken can be estimated from a holistic perspective.
Quantitative biogeography of Orthoptera does not support classical qualitative regionalization of the Carpathian Mountains
Authors: Jarčuška Benjamín , Kaňuch Peter , Naďo Ladislav , Krištín Anton 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The first biogeographical division of the Carpathians, the second largest mountain range in Europe, was based on qualitative observational floristic data &gt; 100 years ago and has also been applied for the regional zoogeography. In this study, the recent availability of detailed quantitative data allowed us to perform a more powerful evaluation of the classical biogeographical regions of the area. Thus, we analysed updated distribution patterns of 137 Orthoptera species native to the Carpathian Mountains and, by using published species range maps, we compiled data on species presence or absence within 2576 cells of a 10 km × 10 km universal transverse mercator grid in the area. Pattern analysis of the data was based on non-metric multidimensional scaling and clustering using six different algorithms applied to a β sim dissimilarity matrix. The unweighted pair-group method using arithmetic averages, which gave the best performance in the analysis of species turnover, delineated four regions. Environmental variables and species richness were used in logistic regression as predictors of delineated clusters, and indicator species were identified for each of the inferred regions. The pattern can be explained, in part, by environmental variables and species richness (34.2%) and was also influenced by connections with the orthopterofauna from adjacent areas. The observed discrepancy between regionalization based on expert knowledge and the pattern revealed using quantitative data provides a warning that the biogeography of the Carpathians might also have been revised in other taxa, where only classical qualitative regionalization exists.
Chronic subthreshold cortical stimulation and stimulation-related EEG biomarkers for focal epilepsy
Authors: Lundstrom Brian Nils , Gompel Jamie Van , Khadjevand Fatemeh , Worrell Greg , Stead Matt 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Brain stimulation offers an alternative to focal resection for the treatment of focal drug-resistant epilepsy. Chronic subthreshold cortical stimulation is an individualized biomarker-informed open-loop continuous electrical stimulation approach targeting the seizure onset zone and surrounding areas. Before permanent implantation, trial stimulation is performed during invasive monitoring to assess stimulation efficacy as well as to optimize stimulation location and parameters by modifying interictal EEG biomarkers. We present clinical and neurophysiological results from a retrospective analysis of 21 patients, showing a median percent reduction in seizure frequency of 100% and responder rate of 89% with a median follow-up of 27 months. About 40% of patients were free of disabling seizures for a 12-month period or longer. We find that stimulation-induced decreases in delta (1–4 Hz) power and increases in alpha and beta (8–20 Hz) power during trial stimulation correlate with improved long-term clinical outcomes. These results suggest chronic subthreshold cortical stimulation may be an effective alternative approach to treating focal drug-resistant epilepsy and that short-term stimulation-related changes in spectral power may be a useful interictal biomarker and relate to long-term clinical outcome.
Cardiac resynchronization therapy reduces expression of inflammation-promoting genes related to interleukin-1β in heart failure
Authors: Bilchick Kenneth , Kothari Hema , Narayan Aditya , Garmey James , Omar Abdullah , Capaldo Brian , McNamara Coleen 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Aims
In light of recent data regarding inflammatory signalling pathways in cardiovascular disease and the recently demonstrated impact of pharmacologic inhibition of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in heart failure, the primary aim was to assess the physiologic effects of cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) on the expression of systemic inflammatory, immune-modulatory, metabolic, and apoptotic genes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of patients with heart failure.

Methods and results
We used RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) and reverse transcription quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) to identify gene expression changes in PBMCs in response to CRT. In total, 27 patients were analysed: 12 with heart failure undergoing CRT, 6 with heart failure undergoing standard implanted cardioverter defibrillators, and 9 with coronary artery disease but not heart failure. In CRT patients (median age 65.5 years, interquartile range 63.0–66.8 years, 33% female), RNA-Seq analysis identified 40 genes, including multiple genes associated with the IL-1β pathway, with significant correlations (false discovery rate &lt; 0.05) with four key CRT response measures. CRT was associated with suppression of PBMC expression of IL-1β (1.80-fold decrease, P = 0.047), FOS proto-oncogene (FOS) (3.25-fold decrease, P = 0.01), dual specificity phosphatase 1 (DUSP1) (2.05-fold decrease, P = 0.001), and early growth response 1 (EGR1) (7.38-fold decrease, P = 0.03), and suppression was greater in responders vs. non-responders (P = 0.03 for IL-1β, P = 0.02 for FOS, P = 0.02 for DUSP1, and P = 0.11 for EGR1). Baseline FOS and DUSP-1 levels were greater in responders vs. non-responders (6.15-fold higher, FOS, P = 0.002; 2.60-fold higher, DUSP1, P = 0.0001). CRT responders but not non-responders showed higher baseline gene expression of FOS (P = 0.04) and DUSP1 (P = 0.06) compared with control patients without heart failure. Baseline serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels were 3.47-fold higher in CRT responders vs. non-responders (P = 0.008).

Conclusion
Treatment of heart failure with CRT resulted in decreased PBMC expression of genes linked to inflammation. Moreover, CRT responders had higher expression of these inflammatory genes prior to CRT and greater suppression of these genes after CRT compared with non-responders.
Relationships Among Deaf/Hard-of-Hearing Siblings: Developing a Sense of Self
Authors: Eichengreen Adva , Zaidman-Zait Anat 
Published: September 2019

AbstractWhile sibling relationships are known to be important for children’s social and emotional well-being, little is known about sibling relationships when both siblings are deaf or hard-of-hearing (DHH). In-depth interviews were conducted with 10 young DHH adults (20–30 years old) who had studied in mainstream schools to explore their retrospective experiences of growing up with a DHH sibling. Interviews were analyzed using interpretive phenomenological analysis. Findings revealed two superordinate themes: (1) sibling relationship and sense of self and (2) family coping and relationships, with each superordinate theme containing several subthemes. Findings highlighted the various ways sibling relationships contribute to siblings’ psychological development, identity formation, and coping with deafness. Potential challenges were identifed, as well as the role of parents’ attitudes and coping with hearing loss in promoting supportive sibling relationships. Parents and professionals should be aware of the valuable and unique aspects of DHH siblingship and attend to imporatnt relationship asepcts such as sibling communication, sibling comparisons, and parental differential treatment.
Regional myocardial work by cardiac magnetic resonance and non-invasive left ventricular pressure: a feasibility study in left bundle branch block
Authors: Larsen Camilla Kjellstad , Aalen John M , Stokke Caroline , Fjeld Jan Gunnar , Kongsgaard Erik , Duchenne Jürgen , Degtiarova Ganna , Gheysens Olivier , Voigt Jens-Uwe , Smiseth Otto A , Hopp Einar 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Aims
Regional myocardial work may be assessed by pressure–strain analysis using a non-invasive estimate of left ventricular pressure (LVP). Strain by speckle tracking echocardiography (STE) is not always accessible due to poor image quality. This study investigated the estimation of regional myocardial work from strain by feature tracking (FT) cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) and non-invasive LVP.

Methods and results
Thirty-seven heart failure patients with reduced ejection fraction, left bundle branch block (LBBB), and no myocardial scar were compared to nine controls without LBBB. Circumferential strain was measured by FT-CMR in a mid-ventricular short-axis cine view, and longitudinal strain by STE. Segmental work was calculated by pressure–strain analysis. Twenty-five patients underwent 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography. Segmental values were reported as percentages of the segment with maximum myocardial FDG uptake. In LBBB patients, net CMR-derived work was 51 ± 537 (mean ± standard deviation) in septum vs. 1978 ± 1084 mmHg·% in the left ventricular (LV) lateral wall (P < 0.001). In controls, however, there was homogeneous work distribution with similar values in septum and the LV lateral wall (non-significant). Reproducibility was good. Segmental CMR-derived work correlated with segmental STE-derived work and with segmental FDG uptake (average r = 0.71 and 0.80, respectively).

Conclusion
FT-CMR in combination with non-invasive LVP demonstrated markedly reduced work in septum compared to the LV lateral wall in patients with LBBB. Work distribution correlated with STE-derived work and energy demand as reflected in FDG uptake. These results suggest that FT-CMR in combination with non-invasive LVP is a relevant clinical tool to measure regional myocardial work.
Low quality of some generic cardiovascular medicinal products represents a matter for growing concern
Authors: Tamargo Juan , Rosano Giuseppe 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Aims
Generic medicinal products (GMPs) are low-priced copies of off-patent medicines that reduce healthcare costs and broaden access to healthcare. Thus, healthcare authorities, professionals, and providers recommend their use. In recent years, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the European Medicines Agency (EMA) approved hundreds of GMPs based on specific bioequivalent trials. The question is whether the brand name drugs and GMPs or the different GMPs similar in purity, efficacy, and safety.

Methods and results
We have reviewed the progressive increasing recalls and warning letters of cardiovascular GMPs issued recently by the FDA/EMA. Both Agencies found numerous irregularities in the purity, safety, effectiveness, and current good manufacturing practices in some GMPs widely used in cardiovascular therapy. This evidence and the recent identification of nitrosamine impurities classified as probable human carcinogens in several angiotensin receptor blockers confirm that the presence of low-quality/substandard GMPs represents a serious public health problem with significant impact on national clinical and economic burden.

Conclusion
A global strategy that unifies the efforts of all the stakeholders, including drug manufacturers, healthcare providers, governments, health professionals, patients, and judicial systems are needed to protect the drug chain supply and ensure that only high-quality GMPs are available for use.
Description of Polaribacter aestuariivivens sp. nov., isolated from a tidal flat
Authors: Park Sooyeon , Park Ji-Min , Lee Jung-Sook , Yoon Jung-Hoon 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT
A bacterial strain, DBTF-3T, was isolated from a tidal flat of Republic of Korea. Phylogenetic trees of 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain DBTF-3T belonged to the genus Polaribacter. Strain DBTF-3T exhibited 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities of 97.1–98.1% to type strains of P. dokdonensis, P. haliotis, P. marinaquae, P. insulae, P. vadi, P. glomeratus, P. irgensii and P. reichenbachii, and 94.0–96.9% to those of the other Polaribacter species. DNA–DNA relatedness values of strain DBTF-3T with type strains of P. marinaquae and P. insulae were 14–19%. Average nucleotide identity and digital DNA–DNA hybridization values between strain DBTF-3T and type strains of six other Polaribacter species were 76.5–83.5% and 20.9–27.1%, respectively. Strain DBTF-3T contained MK-6 as the predominant menaquinone, and iso-C15:0, summed feature 3, iso-C15:1 G and iso-C15:0 3-OH as the major fatty acids. The major polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine and one unidentified lipid. Differential phenotypic properties, together with its phylogenetic and genetic distinctiveness, revealed that strain DBTF-3T is separated from Polaribacter species. On the basis of the data presented, strain DBTF-3T (= KACC 19612T = NBRC 113191T) represents a novel species of the genus Polaribacter, for which the name Polaribacter aestuariivivens sp. nov. is proposed.