bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Breast cancer treatment pathway improvement using time‐driven activity‐based costing
Authors: Nabelsi Véronique , Plouffe Véronique 
Published: August 2019

SummaryTime‐driven activity‐based costing (TDABC) is increasingly used to establish more accurate and time‐dependent costs for complex health care pathways. We propose to extend this approach to detect the specific improvements (eg, lean methods) that can be introduced into a care process. We analyzed a care trajectory in radiation oncology for breast cancer patients at major Canadian urban hospital.This approach allowed us to identify the activities and resource groups related to the execution of each activity, and to estimate the execution time for each. Based on the model, we were able to extract financial data with which we could evaluate process costs. The total cost of the care trajectory was $2383.82 for 2015 to 2016. Out of a total of 1389 trajectories, only 268 were completed.The implementation of TDABC gives users a clearer idea of costs and encourages managers to understand how they break down over the course of a care trajectory. Once these costs are understood, decisions can be made regarding resource allocation and waste elimination, enabling lean methods to be implemented. The result is better reorganization of work by allocating resources differently, optimizing the care trajectory, and thereby reducing its costs.
Silent invasion: Sinanodonta woodiana successfully reproduces and possibly endangers native mussels in the north of its invasive range in Europe
Authors: Urbańska Maria , Kirschenstein Małgorzata , Obolewski Krystian , Ożgo Małgorzata 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe explosive global spread of Sinadonta woodiana, a large‐bodied unionid mussel of East Asian origin, potentially affects the functioning of freshwater habitats and threatens native mussels. Molecular data indicate that its invasion in Europe started with a single colonization event, followed by in situ adaptation. This study traces one of the possible routes of such adaptation. It documents a population of S. woodiana with a known history of a two‐stage introduction: first, from a heated water source to a production fish pond in northern Poland, and subsequently from that pond to the study site. As the latest local transfer occurred more than 15 years before the study, the abundance of young S. woodiana in various age classes provides proof of ongoing in situ reproduction and resolves the question of the ability of S. woodiana to permanently colonize thermally unpolluted water bodies in areas with prolonged and cold winters. The study also shows that translocations of glochidia‐infested fish and/or adult mussels between water bodies in such areas result in the establishment of new self‐recruiting populations. Together, these findings show that further expansion of S. woodiana into colder regions and establishment of new populations in already invaded areas are to be expected. The relative abundance of S. woodiana and the native unionids: Anodonta anatina and A. cygnea was 40%, 18%, and 42%, respectively. S. woodiana contributed to 65% of the total mussel biomass. Individuals in the first three size classes, corresponding to the 2‐ to 4 year age classes, composed 50% of S. woodiana, 37% of A. anatina, and 26% of A. cygnea. The high proportion of young individuals in S. woodiana indicates population trajectories toward a gradually increasing dominance of this species and possibly reflects its negative impacts via interactions with host fish and competition for resources.
Reviewing recently developed technologies to direct cell activity through the control of pore size: From the macro‐ to the nanoscale
Authors: Sgarminato Viola , Tonda‐Turo Chiara , Ciardelli Gianluca 
Published: August 2019

AbstractScaffold pore size plays a fundamental role in the regeneration of new tissue since it has been shown to direct cell activity in situ. It is well known that cellular response changes in relation with pores diameter. Consequently, researchers developed efficient approaches to realize scaffolds with controllable macro‐, micro‐, and nanoporous architecture. In this context, new strategies aiming at the manufacturing of scaffolds with multiscale pore networks have emerged, in the attempt to mimic the complex hierarchical structures found in living systems. In this review, we aim at providing an overview of the fabrication methods currently adopted to realize scaffolds with controlled, multisized pores highlighting their specific influence on cellular activity.
Hydrangea‐like ZnO nanospheres on Al substrates via hydrothermal synthesis for photocatalytic activity
Authors: Zeng Zhi , Gao Shiyong , Wang Guangning , Ma Xinzhi , Sang Dandan , Jiao Shujie , Wang Dongbo , Jia Jie , Hu Gengxin , Wang Jinzhong 
Published: August 2019

AbstractHydrangea‐like ZnO nanospheres were fabricated on Al substrates via a facile hydrothermal method with only one step. Scanning electron microscopy, energy‐dispersive spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and photoluminescence were used to investigate their morphology, component, structure, and optical properties. The hierarchical nanospheres are fabricated by 2D nanosheets with the shape of 3D sphere. By adjusting the reaction time, the formation process was monitored. The photocatalytic activity of ZnO nanospheres was also investigated for their dye degradation, and they exhibit good photocatalytic ability to congo red, with the degradation rate of 98.4%. Besides, they have universal catalysis effect on methyl orange.
Characterization and linear‐time detection of minimal obstructions to concave‐round graphs and the circular‐ones property
Authors: Safe Martín D. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractA graph is concave‐round if its vertices can be circularly enumerated so that the closed neighborhood of each vertex is an interval in the enumeration. In this study, we give a minimal forbidden induced subgraph characterization for the class of concave‐round graphs, solving a problem posed by Bang‐Jensen, Huang, and Yeo [SIAM J. Discrete Math., 13 (2000), pp. 179–193]. In addition, we show that it is possible to find one such forbidden induced subgraph in linear time in any given graph that is not concave‐round. As part of the analysis, we obtain characterizations by minimal forbidden submatrices for the circular‐ones property for rows and for the circular‐ones property for rows and columns and show that, also for both variants of the property, one of the corresponding forbidden submatrices can be found (if present) in any given matrix in linear time. We make some final remarks regarding connections to some classes of circular‐arc graphs.
Even cycle creating paths
Authors: Soltész Daniel 
Published: August 2019

AbstractWe say that two graphs on the same vertex set are ‐creating if the union of the two graphs contains as a subgraph. Let be the maximum number of pairwise ‐creating Hamiltonian paths of the complete graph . The behavior of is much better understood than the behavior of , the former is an exponential function of whereas the latter is larger than exponential, for every fixed . We study for fixed and tending to infinity. The only nontrivial upper bound on was proved by Cohen, Fachini, and Körner in the case of : In this paper, we generalize their method to prove that for every , and a similar, slightly better upper bound holds when is odd. Our proof uses constructions of bipartite, regular, ‐free graphs with many edges given in papers by Reiman, Benson, Lazebnik, Ustimenko, and Woldar.
Investigating the effects of age and gender on cowitness suggestibility during blame attribution
Authors: Mojtahedi Dara , Ioannou Maria , Hammond Laura , Synnott John 
Published: August 2019

AbstractDespite a large body of research investigating the effects of age and gender on eyewitness suggestibility, the majority of studies has focussed on the impressionability of participants when attempting to recall the presence of items from an event. Very little research has attempted to investigate the effects of age and gender on the suggestibility of eyewitnesses when attempting to attribute blame. Participants (N = 268) viewed and discussed a crime (video) with cowitnesses before giving individual statements. Confederates were used to expose the participants to misinformation during the discussion, suggesting that the wrong bystander was responsible for the offence. Findings indicated that participants who encountered the misinformation were more likely to make a false blame attribution and were more confident in their erroneous judgements. The results found no significant age‐ or gender‐related differences in blame conformity rates; however, male eyewitnesses showed greater levels of overconfidence in their false responses than female participants, after encountering cowitness misinformation.
The role of genotype and production environment in determining the cooking time of dry beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)
Authors: Cichy Karen A. , Wiesinger Jason A. , Berry Matthew , Nchimbi‐Msolla Susan , Fourie Deidre , Porch Timothy G. , Ambechew Daniel , Miklas Phillip N. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractDry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is a nutrient‐dense food rich in proteins and minerals. Although a dietary staple in numerous regions, including Eastern and Southern Africa, greater utilization is limited by its long cooking time as compared with other staple foods. A fivefold genetic variability for cooking time has been identified for P. vulgaris, and to effectively incorporate the cooking time trait into bean breeding programs, knowledge of how genotypes behave across diverse environments is essential. Fourteen bean genotypes selected from market classes important to global consumers (yellow, cranberry, light red kidney, red mottled, and brown) were grown in 10 to 15 environments (combinations of locations, years, and treatments), and their cooking times were measured when either presoaked or unsoaked prior to boiling. The 15 environments included locations in North America, the Caribbean, and Eastern and Southern Africa that are used extensively for dry bean breeding. The cooking times of the 14 presoaked dry bean genotypes ranged from 16 to 156 min, with a mean of 86 min across the 15 production environments. The cooking times of the 14 dry bean genotypes left unsoaked ranged from 77 to 381 min, with a mean cooking time of 113 min. The heritability of the presoaked cooking time was very high (98%) and moderately high for the unsoaked cooking time (~60%). The genotypic cooking time patterns were stable across environments. There was a positive correlation between the presoaked and unsoaked cooking times (r = .64, p < 0.0001), and two of the fastest cooking genotypes when presoaked were also the fastest cooking genotypes when unsoaked (G1, Cebo, yellow bean; and G4, G23086, cranberry bean). Given the sufficient genetic diversity found, limited crossover Genotype × Environment interactions, and high heritability for cooking time, it is feasible to develop fast cooking dry bean varieties without the need for extensive testing across environments.
The Distribution of Fatty Acid Biomarkers of Dairy Intake across Serum Lipid Fractions: The Prospective Metabolism and Islet Cell Evaluation (PROMISE) Cohort
Authors: Santaren Ingrid D. , Bazinet Richard P. , Liu Zhen , Johnston Luke W. , Sievenpiper John L. , Giacca Adria , Retnakaran Ravi , Harris Stewart B. , Zinman Bernard , Hanley Anthony J. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractCirculating fatty acids (FA) derived largely from dairy consumption have most commonly been measured in total human serum or phospholipid (PL) fractions, and have been used as validated biomarkers of dairy intake in a growing number of epidemiological studies. Nevertheless, measurement and characterization of a wider spectrum of FA biomarkers of dairy across the four major serum lipid fractions is lacking. This study aimed to (1) quantify FA biomarkers of dairy in PL, triacylglycerol (TAG), cholesteryl ester (CE), and unesterified fatty acid (FFA) serum lipid fractions; and (2) identify potential demographic and metabolic factors that may modify the proportions of these FA across serum fractions. Baseline data from 444 adults in the PROMISE cohort were analyzed. FA biomarkers, 15:0, t16:1n‐7, 18:2‐c9,t11, and t18:1n‐7 were quantified from serum. Dairy intake was estimated using the validated Canadian Diet History Questionnaire. Our results show that t18:1n‐7 was the most abundant FA biomarker in all fractions except CE, where 18:2‐c9,t11 was the most abundant. Positive correlations within fractions, and across FA in the PL, CE, and FFA fractions were found, however, TAG FA were negatively correlated with the other fractions. PL and CE FA were positively associated with dairy intake, and negatively associated with markers of dysmetabolism while, in contrast, these markers were predictors of higher TAG dairy FA. This study is the first to demonstrate distinct proportions of dairy FA in different serum lipid fractions. PL and CE FA marked dairy intake in this cohort, while TAG FA appeared to be markers of dysmetabolism.
Pioglitazone improves porcine oocyte maturation and subsequent parthenogenetic embryo development in vitro by increasing lipid metabolism
Authors: Jeong Sang‐Gi , Lee Seung‐Eun , Kim Won‐Jae , Park Yun‐Gwi , Yoon Jae‐Wook , Park Chan‐Oh , Park Hyo‐Jin , Kim Eun‐Young , Park Se‐Pill 
Published: August 2019

AbstractOptimization of culture conditions is important to improve oocyte maturation and subsequent embryo development. In particular, this study analyzed the effects of increasing concentrations of PIO in the maturation medium on spindle formation and chromosome alignment, glutathione, and intracellular ROS levels and expression of selected genes related to maternal markers, apoptosis, and lipid metabolism. The percentage of oocytes displaying normal spindle formation and chromosome alignment was higher in the 1 µM PIO (1 PIO)‐treated group than in the control group. The glutathione level was significantly higher in the 1 PIO‐treated group than in the control group, while the reactive oxygen species level did not differ. Expression of maternal marker (MOS and GDF9), antiapoptotic (BIRC5), and lipid metabolism‐related (ACADS, CPT2, SREBF1, and PPARG) genes was higher in the 1 PIO‐treated group than in the control group, while expression of a proapoptotic gene (CASP3) was lower. The blastocyst formation rate and the percentage of blastocysts that reached at least the hatching stage on Days 6 and 7, and the percentage of blastocysts containing more than 128 cells were significantly higher in the 1 PIO‐treated group than in the control group. These results indicate that PIO treatment during in vitro maturation improves porcine oocyte maturation and subsequent parthenogenetic embryo development mainly by enhancing lipid metabolism and antioxidant defense in oocytes.
Highly undersampled magnetic resonance imaging reconstruction using autoencoding priors
Authors: Liu Qiegen , Yang Qingxin , Cheng Huitao , Wang Shanshan , Zhang Minghui , Liang Dong 
Published: August 2019

PurposeAlthough recent deep learning methodologies have shown promising results in fast MR imaging, how to explore it to learn an explicit prior and leverage it into the observation constraint is still desired.MethodsA denoising autoencoder (DAE) network is leveraged as an explicit prior to address the highly undersampling MR image reconstruction problem. First, inspired by the observation that the prior information learned from high‐dimension signals is more effective than that from the low‐dimension counterpart in image restoration tasks, we train the network in a multichannel scenario and apply the learned network to single‐channel image reconstruction by a variables augmentation technique. Second, because of the fact that multiple implementations of artificial noise generation in DAE favors a better underlying result, we introduce a 2‐sigma rule to complement each other for improving the final reconstruction. The whole algorithm is tackled by proximal gradient descent.ResultsExperimental results under varying sampling trajectories and acceleration factors consistently demonstrate the superiority of the enhanced autoencoding priors, in terms of peak signal‐to‐noise ratio, structural similarity, and high‐frequency error norm.ConclusionA simple and effective way to incorporate the DAE prior into highly undersampling MR reconstruction is proposed. Once the DAE prior is obtained, it can be applied to the reconstruction tasks with different sampling trajectories and acceleration factors, and achieves superior performance in comparison with state‐of‐the‐art methods.
The dimension splitting reproducing kernel particle method for three‐dimensional potential problems
Authors: Peng P.P. , Wu Q. , Cheng Y.M. 
Published: August 2019

SummaryIn this paper, the dimension splitting reproducing kernel particle method (DSRKPM) for three‐dimensional (3D) potential problems is presented. In the DSRKPM, a 3D potential problem can be transformed into a series of two‐dimensional (2D) ones in the dimension splitting direction. The reproducing kernel particle method (RKPM) is used to solve each 2D problem, the essential boundary conditions are imposed by penalty method, and the discretized equation is obtained from Galerkin weak form of potential problems. Finite difference method is used in the dimension splitting direction. Then, by combining a series of the equations of the RKPM for solving 2D problems, the final equation of the DSRKPM for 3D potential problems is obtained. Five example problems on regular or irregular domains are selected to show that the DSRKPM has higher computational efficiency than the RKPM and the improved element‐free Galerkin method for 3D potential problems.
National trends and variation in nurse staffing on inpatient psychiatric units
Authors: Staggs Vincent S. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to examine national trends and variation in nurse staffing on inpatient psychiatric units in US general hospitals from 2005–2017. The National Database of Nursing Quality Indicators® provided data on nurse staffing from 1,143 psychiatric units in 610 US hospitals. A weighted linear mixed model was fitted for each of two staffing measures: Registered nurse (RN) hours per patient day (HPPD) and non‐RN HPPD. Monthly staffing levels were modeled as a function of study year, unit type, and hospital bed size, teaching status, government ownership, for‐profit status, metropolitan location, and US census division. Very gradual upward trends in staffing were observed. Compared with adult units, child/adolescent units had lower RN staffing and higher non‐RN staffing. Levels of both types of staffing were lower in for‐profit facilities. The Pacific census division had higher RN staffing than every other census division by an estimated margin of 0.52–1.54 HPPD, and census divisions with the lowest levels of RN staffing had the highest levels of non‐RN staffing. Despite concerns expressed over the past 15 years about patient violence, staffing levels, and use of seclusion and restraint on psychiatric units, average staffing levels have apparently increased only modestly since 2005, and increases in RN staffing on psychiatric units have not kept pace with increases in general care units. Marked regional differences in staffing merit further investigation.
Clinical validation of a novel automated cell‐free DNA screening assay for trisomies 21, 13, and 18 in maternal plasma
Authors: Ericsson Olle , Ahola Tarja , Dahl Fredrik , Karlsson Filip , Persson Fredrik , Karlberg Olof , Roos Fredrik , Alftrén Ida , Andersson Björn , Barkenäs Emelie , Boghos Ani , Brandner Birgit , Dahlberg Jenny , Forsgren Per‐Ola , Francois Niels , Gousseva Anna , Hakamali Faizan , Janfalk‐Carlsson Åsa , Johansson Henrik , Lundgren Johanna , Mohsenchian Atefeh , Olausson Linus , Olofsson Simon , Qureshi Atif , Skarpås Björn , Svahn Peter , Sävneby Anna , Åström Eva , Sahlberg Anna , Fianu‐Jonasson Aino , Gautier Jérémie , Costa Jean‐Marc , Jacobsson Bo , Nicolaides Kypros 
Published: August 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate clinical performance of a new automated cell‐free (cf)DNA assay in maternal plasma screening for trisomies 21, 18, and 13, and to determine fetal sex.MethodMaternal plasma samples from 1200 singleton pregnancies were analyzed with a new non–sequencing cfDNA method, which is based on imaging and counting specific chromosome targets. Reference outcomes were determined by either cytogenetic testing, of amniotic fluid or chorionic villi, or clinical examination of neonates.ResultsThe samples examined included 158 fetal aneuploidies. Sensitivity was 100% (112/112) for trisomy 21, 89% (32/36) for trisomy 18, and 100% (10/10) for trisomy 13. The respective specificities were 100%, 99.5%, and 99.9%. There were five first pass failures (0.4%), all in unaffected pregnancies. Sex classification was performed on 979 of the samples and 99.6% (975/979) provided a concordant result.ConclusionThe new automated cfDNA assay has high sensitivity and specificity for trisomies 21, 18, and 13 and accurate classification of fetal sex, while maintaining a low failure rate. The study demonstrated that cfDNA testing can be simplified and automated to reduce cost and thereby enabling wider population‐based screening.
A Note on the dS Swampland Conjecture, Non‐BPS Branes and K‐Theory
Authors: Blumenhagen Ralph , Brinkmann Max , Makridou Andriana 
Published: August 2019

AbstractWe point out that the de Sitter swampland conjecture would be falsified if classical fluxed Type IIA orientifold vacua with a single non‐BPS D7‐brane were indeed part of the string theory landscape. In other words, the dS swampland conjecture implies the cancellation of K‐theory charges on a compact space.
Management pathways for the floodplain wetlands of the southern Murray–Darling Basin: Lessons from history
Authors: Gell Peter A. , Reid Michael A. , Wilby Robert L. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe condition of floodplain wetlands of the Murray–Darling Basin (MDB) reflects the combined effects of climate variability, river regulation, vegetation clearance, and the impacts of human settlement and industry. Today, these systems are degraded, in large part due to changes in the hydroecology of waterways arising from water diversion and abstraction to sustain irrigated agriculture. The MDB Plan directs substantial investment towards the restoration of ecosystems largely via the buy‐back of water allocations, under a cap‐and‐trade system, for use as environmental flows. This region is projected to receive less winter rainfall and run‐off, which could exacerbate the impact of water diversions. Long‐term climate records suggest a higher level of resilience to drying than may be inferred from modern studies. Further, palaeoecological records of change reveal that many wetlands that are perennial today were once naturally seasonal or intermittent, and that much wetland degradation predates regulation and can be attributed to declines in water quality, rather than quantity. A mix of approaches to rehabilitate this long‐degraded system, planned and implemented over an extended period, may meet the demands of the Water Act of 2007, but also support the regional economy. An adaptive management approach offers a framework within which to map system vulnerabilities, characterize climate pressures, identify adaptation options, and monitor outcomes along a pathway to a sustainable future. Early lessons show the extent to which such a deliberative framework can assist water reform under changing socio‐economic priorities and external hydroclimatic pressures.