bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transnational queer sociological analysis of sexual identity and civic‐political activism in Hong Kong, Taiwan and mainland China
Authors: Kong Travis S.K. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe sociology of homosexuality lacks engagement with queer theory and postcolonialism and focuses primarily on the global metropoles, thus failing to provide a plausible account of non‐Western non‐normative sexual identities. This research adopts the author’s newly proposed transnational queer sociology to address these deficiencies. First, it critiques the Western model of sexual identity predominantly employed to elucidate non‐Western, non‐normative sexualities. It does so by examining not only the queer flows between West and non‐West but also those among and within non‐Western contexts to produce translocally shared and mutually referenced experiences. Second, the proposed approach combines sociology with queer theory by emphasizing the significant role of material, as well as discursive, analyses in shaping queer identities, desires and practices. This article employs the approach to examine young gay male identities, as revealed in 90 in‐depth interviews conducted in Hong Kong (n = 30), Taiwan (Taipei, n = 30) and mainland China (Shanghai, n = 30) between 2017 and 2019. More specifically, it highlights the interplay between the state and identity by investigating the intersection and intertwining effects of these young men’s sexual and cultural/national identities, revealing three different forms of civic‐political activism. The article both demonstrates the way in which sexuality and the state are mutually constituted and provides nuanced analysis of the heterogeneity of contemporary homosexualities in Hong Kong, Taiwan and mainland China. In applying a new sociological approach to understanding sexuality, this research joins the growing body of scholarship within sociology that is decentring the Western formation of universal knowledge.
Transition from mesenchymal to bleb‐based motility is predominantly exhibited by CD133‐positive subpopulation of fibrosarcoma cells
Authors: Chikina Aleksandra S. , Rubtsova Svetlana N. , Lomakina Maria E. , Potashnikova Daria M. , Vorobjev Ivan A. , Alexandrova Antonina Y. 
Published: August 2019

Background InformationMetastatic disease is caused by the ability of cancer cells to reach distant organs and form secondary lesions at new locations. Dissemination of cancer cells depends on their migration plasticity – an ability to switch between motility modes driven by distinct molecular machineries. One of such switches is mesenchymal‐to‐amoeboid transition. Although mesenchymal migration of individual cells requires Arp2/3‐dependent actin polymerisation, amoeboid migration is characterised by a high level of actomyosin contractility and often involves the formation of membrane blebs. The acquisition of amoeboid motility by mesenchymal cells is often associated with enhanced metastasis.ResultsWe studied the ability of mesenchymal HT1080 fibrosarcoma cells to switch to amoeboid motility. We induced the transition from lamellipodium‐rich to blebbing phenotype either by down‐regulating the Arp2/3 complex, pharmacologically or by RNAi, or by decreasing substrate adhesiveness. Each of these treatments induced blebbing in a subset of fibrosarcoma cells, but not in normal subcutaneous fibroblasts. A significant fraction of HT1080 cells that switched to blebbing behaviour exhibited stem cell‐like features, such as expression of the stem cell marker CD133, an increased efflux of Hoechst‐33342 and positive staining for Oct4, Sox2 and Nanog. Furthermore, the isolated CD133+ cells demonstrated an increased ability to switch to bleb‐rich amoeboid phenotype both under inhibitor's treatment and in 3D collagen gels.ConclusionsTogether, our data show a significant correlation between the increased ability of cells to switch between migration modes and their stem‐like features, suggesting that migration plasticity is an additional property of stem‐like population of fibrosarcoma cells. This combination of features could facilitate both dissemination of these cells to distant locations, and their establishment self‐renewal in a new microenvironment, as required for metastasis formation.SignificanceThese data suggest that migration plasticity is a new feature of cancer stem‐like cells that can significantly facilitate their dissemination to a secondary location by allowing them to adapt quickly to challenging microenvironments. Moreover, it complements their resistance to apoptosis and self‐renewal potential, thus enabling them not only to disseminate efficiently, but also to survive and colonise new niches.
Sex‐limited penetrance of lymphedema to females with CELSR1 haploinsufficiency: A second family
Authors: Erickson Robert P. , Lai Li‐Wen , Mustacich Debbie J. , Bernas Michael J. , Kuo Phillip H. , Witte Marlys H. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractA second multigeneration family with hereditary lymphedema (LE) secondary to a variant in the planar polarity gene, CELSR1, is described. Dominant inheritance of the variant was discovered using whole‐exome sequencing and confirmed by Sanger sequencing. In contrast to heterozygous males, all heterozygous females showed LE during physical examination albeit variable in severity and age of onset. Lymphscintigraphy in affected females showed previously undescribed lymphatic abnormalities consistent with lymphangiectasia, valve dysfunction, and thoracic duct reflux.
Disaggregated determinants of aid: Development aid projects in the Philippines
Authors: Lio Rosvold Elisabeth 
Published: August 2019

AbstractMotivationAcross the world, rapid‐onset disasters caused by natural hazards such as storms and floods return with seemingly greater force every year. Many disaster hot spots are particularly vulnerable because of already fragile humanitarian and political situations, some having been affected by armed conflict for decades. These phenomena augment the need for long‐term aid, but do they influence the distribution of aid projects?PurposeThis article revisits the long‐standing debate over whether donor interests or recipient needs best predict the distribution of development aid. It disaggregates the analysis down to province level in the Philippines, and includes local hazards when assessing an area’s need for aid.Approach and methodsMaking use of geocoded data on aid projects, rapid‐onset disasters caused by natural hazards and armed conflict in Philippine provinces between 1996 and 2012, this article provides an exhaustive assessment of the within‐country determinants of World Bank development aid projects.FindingsThe article finds that need to some extent influences the distribution of aid projects across Philippine provinces but that, in general, domestic political alliances bias projects in favour of the politically dominant group. Previous exposure to conflict is associated with increased likelihood of new projects, but only in dominant group‐majority provinces. While previous disaster exposure is a weak predictor of aid in all provinces, low Human Development Index (HDI) levels significantly predict aid inflow in excluded group‐majority provinces.Policy implicationsIn sum, the article challenges the idea that (international) donors’ priorities override the interests of the recipient/local governmesnt in the distribution of aid projects. It also shows that even if the donor’s explicit policy is disaster mitigation and relief, there is still some way to go before these considerations are effectively incorporated into development aid efforts.
Pathogenic B‐cell receptor signaling in lymphoid malignancies: New insights to improve treatment
Authors: Young Ryan M. , Phelan James D. , Wilson Wyndham H. , Staudt Louis M. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractSignals emanating from the B‐cell receptor (BCR) promote proliferation and survival in diverse forms of B‐cell lymphoma. Precision medicine strategies targeting the BCR pathway have been generally effective in treating lymphoma, but often fail to produce durable responses in diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL), a common and aggressive cancer. New insights into DLBCL biology garnered from genomic analyses and functional proteogenomic studies have identified novel modes of BCR signaling in this disease. Herein, we describe the distinct roles of antigen‐dependent and antigen‐independent BCR signaling in different subtypes of DLBCL. We highlight mechanisms by which the BCR cooperates with TLR9 and mutant isoforms of MYD88 to drive sustained NF‐κB activity in the activated B‐cell‐like (ABC) subtype of DLBCL. Finally, we discuss progress in detecting and targeting oncogenic BCR signaling to improve the survival of patients with lymphoma.
Heuristics for the connected assignment problem in arrays
Authors: Campêlo Manoel , Soares Joel C. , Maciel Tarcisio F. , Lima F. Rafael M. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractGiven a set I of symbols, a set J of positions of an array, a gain value for allocating to , the connected assignment problem in arrays (CAPA) is the problem consisting in finding an assignment of one symbol i to each position j so as to maximize the sum of the gains under the constraint such that repeated symbols are adjacent in the array. CAPA has a direct application in radio resource allocation (RRA) in the uplink of the modern fourth‐generation (4G) wireless communication networks. We show that CAPA is NP‐hard. We present two integer linear programming formulations for CAPA and propose four heuristic solutions. They are compared using Monte Carlo simulations to generate instances compatible with a 4G system scenario as well as random instances based on a uniform distribution of the gains.
Environmental Factors Associated with Chinese Older Immigrants' Social Engagement
Authors: Lai Daniel W.L. , Li Jia , Lee Vincent W.P. , Dong XinQi 
Published: August 2019

BACKGROUND/ OBJECTIVESPrior research has shown that social engagement is beneficial to older adults' health and well‐being. This study examined the association between environmental factors and social engagement of older Chinese immigrants in the United States.SAMPLEA cross‐sectional data set of Chinese immigrants in the greater Chicago, IL, area (Population Study of Chinese Elderly; n = 3159), was used in this study.DESIGNMultiple regression models were used to test the associations between older adults' engagement in cognitive and social activities and environmental factors, including financial difficulties, social support, neighborhood cohesion, neighborhood disorder, and sense of community.MEASUREMENTEight questions measuring participants' engagement in cognitive and social activities, a single‐item question measuring financial difficulties, a 12‐item social support measurement, an eight‐item neighborhood cohesion measurement, and a six‐item neighborhood disorder and sense of community scale.RESULTSHaving fewer financial difficulties and a cohesive neighborhood is related to a higher level of engagement in both cognitive and social activities. More social support from family and friends and a sense of community are associated with higher levels of social activities engagement, but not cognitive activity engagement. Neighborhood cohesion has a stronger association with social engagement than other environmental factors and most individual‐level factors. Surprisingly, neighborhood disorder is positively related to social activity engagement, which needs further examination. The associations between environmental factors and social engagement showed no significant difference between healthy and unhealthy older adults.CONCLUSIONThis study highlights the need for policies and programs to promote an active lifestyle among older immigrants by creating facilitative social and physical environments. J Am Geriatr Soc 67:S571–S576, 2019.
Flooding regime drives tree community structure in Neotropical dry forests
Authors: Araújo Felipe De Carvalho , Tng David Yue Phin , Apgaua Deborah Mattos Guimaraes , Morel Jean Daniel , Pereira Diego Gualberto Sales , Santos Paola Ferreira , Santos Rubens Manoel dos 
Published: August 2019

AbstractQuestionsRiverine and associated vegetation communities are periodically affected by floods. However, there have been few quantitative studies on the structural responses of Neotropical tree communities in semi‐arid regions to this perturbance. Here, we ask whether flooding regimes and soil attributes affect tree species diversity, composition, community structure, and soil attributes in Neotropical dry forests.LocationsSoutheast Brazil.MethodsWe sampled 120 forest plots of 400 m² totaling 4.8 ha across four tributaries of the São Francisco River with plots situated in areas representing three flooding regimes: (a) annually flooded; (b) occasionally flooded; and (c) never subjected to flooding. Using linear mixed‐effects models, we modelled how flooding regime and soil properties (fertility and texture) affect vegetation diversity (species richness), species composition and structural attributes (abundance of individuals, above‐ground biomass [AGB], and a community‐weighted trait average of multistemness [CWMms]) of these forest plots.ResultsSpecies richness in the annually flooded forests was significantly lower than in occasionally flooded or never flooded forests, in agreement with our models, which showed that flooding regime was a significant predictor for this variable. Flooding regime was a significant predictor of CWMms, with plots in annually flooded forest sites having the highest CWMms values. Soil chemical attributes were a significant predictor of AGB across all plots but not between flooding regime categories.ConclusionsIn Neotropical dry forests, environmental filters established by flooding can lead to differences among distinct biomes in vegetation structure, diversity patterns as well as system productivity. Conservation strategies for dry forests should therefore take these factors into consideration. Our study also highlights annually flooded dry forest as a significant component of the regional diversity of dry forests deserving of management attention.
The metrics and poetics of historical drama
Authors: Pikkanen Ilona 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThis article analyses four history plays, published between 1837 and 1869 in Sweden and Finland, and asks how the playwrights of the early nineteenth century represented the same premodern episode: the unsuccessful peasant uprising called the Club War (1596–1597). The focus is on the plays’ dramatis personae, and the article will make comparable suggestions of the themes and topics each protagonist brings to the stage. The article studies literary factors that contributed to the persistent afterlife and continuous cultural resonance of these dramatic events, and addresses the dynamics between historical fiction and scholarly history in the production of collectively meaningful pasts. As one of the results the paper demonstrates that a somewhat surprising historical hero surfaced when the 1590s were adapted in the context of a new nationalism. Methodologically the article combines computational distant reading and more traditional close reading to disclose the core characters of each play individually, and, taken together, of the early fictional ‘story space’ of the event. The article argues that even such small‐scale investigations can benefit from the systematic analytical tools offered by digital humanities that can reveal wholly new facets of the texts that more traditional literary history may overlook.
Efficacy of a Modified Scoring System to Facilitate Surgical Decision‐making for Diaphyseal Malignancies: When is Devitalized Tumor‐bearing Autograft of Value?
Authors: Chen Yu , Yu Xiu‐chun 
Published: August 2019

ObjectivesTo evaluate the validity of a modified scoring system (MSS) for inferring the bony quality of tumor‐bearing diaphyses and predicting the risk of reconstructive failure after devitalized bone replantation (DBR).MethodsIn this retrospective cohort study, we reviewed the records of 30 patients surgically treated for diaphyseal malignancies between 1996 and 2015. There were 18 male and 12 female subjects; the average age was 34.0 ± 24.5 years (8–82 years). Tumor locations comprised the femur (21), the humerus (4), the tibia (3), the radius (1), and the fibula (1). Histological diagnoses included osteosarcoma (13), metastases (4), Ewing sarcoma (3), chondrosarcoma (3), malignant fibrohistiocytoma (2), periosteal osteosarcoma (1), Langerhans cell sarcoma (1), lymphoma (1), rhabdomyosarcoma (1), and malignant giant cell tumor (1). All primary tumors were rated as stage IIB. Twenty patients underwent DBR. Prosthetic procedures and segmental autografting/allografting were performed in 7 and 3 cases, respectively. MSS (comprising 5 elements: pain, tumor location, bone destruction, localized dimension, and longitudinal dimension) for each patient was calculated in accordance with their preoperative presentations. Outcome measurements included oncological results, outcomes of reconstructions, complications, and functional preservation, presented using the musculoskeletal tumor society (MSTS) scale.ResultsFollow up was available in 29 cases for an average duration of 61.0 ± 49.9 months (12–152 months). Infection occurred in 2 patients (6.9%), primary nonunion in 6 (27.3%), metastases in 9 (31.9%), recurrences in 4 (13.8%), and deaths in 7 (24.1%); 1 subject underwent amputation due to recurrence following endoprosthetic replacement (3.4%). In the DBR group, fractures occurred in 4 cases (21.1%) and nonunion in 5 (25%); internal fixation was related to nonunion (nails, 44.4% vs plates, 9.1%, P = 0.02). MSS was associated with fractures of devitalized autografts (11.0 ± 1.2 vs 8.3 ± 1.8, P = 0.01); the system was efficacious in predicting chances of fractures of these grafts (P = 0.02). MSS ≥ 10 (with false positive rate ≤ 6.7%) suggested increased fracture probability (≥22.7%) after DBR; therefore, 10 was considered a cutoff value.ConclusionsDiaphyseal malignancies with MSS ≥10 may contraindicate DBR for increased chances of reconstructive failure. In this situation, alternative procedures are advisable. Further investigations are warranted to assess the efficacy of MSS in implying the validity of DBR for diaphyseal malignancies.
Adam Smith's “tolerable administration of justice” and the Wealth of Nations
Authors: Irwin Douglas A. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAdam Smith argues that a country’s income depends on its labor productivity, which in turn hinges on the division of labor. But why are some countries able to take advantage of the division of labor and become rich, while others fail to do so and remain poor? Smith describes how the security of property rights, through a “tolerable administration of justice,” allows investment and exchange to take place, bringing about economic progress. Recent empirical work on economic development has supported Smith’s emphasis on a country’s political “institutions,” particularly the judiciary, in determining its national income.
Trends in return behavior after an adverse event in Australian whole blood and plasma donors
Authors: Thijsen Amanda , Masser Barbara , Gemelli Carley N. , Davison Tanya E. 
Published: August 2019

BACKGROUNDThis study examined the impact of donor adverse events (DAEs) on plasma donor return and compared these against trends in whole blood (WB) donors.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODSUsing a retrospective cohort design, donors who attempted to give plasma or WB in 2014‐2015 were categorized by DAE and followed for 2 years. Analyses of return rate, time to return, subsequent donation frequency, and recurrent risk were performed. Donor characteristics associated with return were also assessed.RESULTSFor both plasma and WB donors, vasovagal reactions (VVRs) were the strongest deterrent to return, with a lower proportion returning, taking longer to return, and making fewer subsequent donations than those with uncomplicated donations. Despite a higher likelihood of a recurrent event among those who experienced a DAE, the majority had an uncomplicated subsequent donation. Donor characteristics associated with return varied by phlebotomy and DAE type. For donors experiencing a VVR, differences were observed by donor experience, age, sex, and site type between plasma and WB. For phlebotomy‐injured donors, differences were observed by sex, blood type, donor experience, and donation outcome between the two groups. No factors associated with return after a citrate reaction were found.CONCLUSIONThis study highlights the detrimental effects of DAEs on plasma return, in particular VVRs, and the differences in factors associated with return compared to WB donors. Further research is required to understand the mechanisms underlying the decision to return following a DAE.
Tranexamic acid as adjuvant treatment for postpartum hemorrhage: a systematic review protocol
Authors: Fahrenholtz Charles G. , Bonanno Laura S. , Martin Jennifer B. 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACT

Objective:
The objective of this review is to evaluate the effectiveness of intravenous administration of tranexamic acid (TXA) within three hours of birth in mothers with a diagnosis of postpartum hemorrhage (PPH).

Introduction:
Postpartum hemorrhage, that is, blood loss exceeding 500 mL for vaginal births or 1000 mL for cesarean sections within 24 hours of delivery, is the leading cause of maternal deaths worldwide. The World Health Organization recommends intravenous TXA as an adjuvant therapy for the treatment of PPH, in addition to standard recommended treatments, within three hours of birth. This review will determine whether TXA administration to patients experiencing PPH leads to a reduction in blood loss, the requirement for transfusion of packed red blood cells and the need for emergency hysterectomies, in both developed and developing nations.

Inclusion criteria:
This review will consider studies that include women under 40 with a diagnosis of postpartum hemorrhage. Studies that evaluate intravenous administration of TXA within three hours of birth as adjuvant treatment of postpartum hemorrhage will be considered. The comparator will be groups that have not received TXA as part of the treatment for postpartum hemorrhage, with or without placebo.

Methods:
MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, CENTRAL, Scopus, Web of Science and ProQuest Nursing and Allied Health will be searched for eligible studies. The search for unpublished studies will include: ProQuest Dissertations and Theses (PQDT), ClinicalTrials.gov and New York Academy of Medicine Grey Literature Report. Retrieval of full-text studies, assessment of methodological quality and data extraction will be performed independently by two reviewers. Meta-analysis will be performed, if possible.
Asociaciones y otras entidades de mujeres y música en España
Authors: Piñero Gil Carmen Cecilia 
Published: August 2019

Resumen: Cerca de la segunda década del siglo XXI, las mujeres españolas en la música recorremos senderos que, en su mayoría, fueron trazados por creadoras sonoras comprometidas con la igualdad y la conquista de espacios musicales profesionales. En este caminar, la labor de compositoras, intérpretes, investigadoras, docentes, gestoras y diversas entidades ha sido intensa e incesante. El visibilizar la labor realizada por todas ellas es un necesario ejercicio de conocimiento y reconocimiento que debe dar impulso a las nuevas generaciones involucradas en el mundo musical, conformando una memoria que permita reflexionar sobre su aportación y proyección en nuestro presente. El asociacionismo ha supuesto una de las fortalezas más relevantes del movimiento de mujeres a la hora de la vindicación y conquista de derechos, igualdad, visibilización y promoción de las compositoras. Desde la fundación en 1989 por la compositora María Luisa Ozaita (1939-2017) de la “Asociación Mujeres en la Música”, en España han surgido diversas asociaciones y otras entidades, como las fundaciones, que contribuyen a la consolidación de espacios y presencias de las mujeres sonoras.