bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Real-Time Completion Optimization of Fracture Treatment Using Commonly Available Surface Drilling and Fracing Data
Authors: Paryani Mohit , Sia Djamel , Mistry Bhavina , Fairchild Drew , Ouenes Ahmed 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
The objective of optimizing a fracture design is to spend the least amount of money and get the most productivity out of the reservoir by stimulating and contacting as much reservoir rock as possible. This paper presents a unique workflow that addresses in real-time the challenges of perforation and fracture treatment design while accounting for the lithologic and stress variability along the wellbore and its surroundings.
The workflow captures the variability of the stresses and elastic properties along the wellbore by leveraging commonly available surface drilling data and correcting for the frictional losses to estimate the energy spent at the bit in breaking the rock. Immediately after the drilling is completed, the estimated variability of the rock properties along the wellbore is used to design the cluster spacing in a way that ensures perforations are placed in rock with similar treating pressures, improving cluster efficiency. These variable geomechanical logs and minimum stresses derived from surface drilling data are used to model the optimal asymmetric frac design and its resulting geometry. Fracture pressure analysis is done where the modeled surface-treating pressures are calibrated with the observed surface-treating pressures to accurately model the fracture geometry and capture the proppant distribution.
Based on the results of the job pumped, the goal is to provide, in real time, actionable recommendations by performing sensitivity analysis of various fracing parameters that will affect the stimulated reservoir volume and the ultimate recoveries. An analytical tri-linear production forecasting model provides realistic EURs for different fracture design treatments while capturing the physics and honoring the field measured data. Lastly, a detailed economic analysis of the proposed solutions gives the final insight of the dollar value per barrel of equivalent oil produced. The workflow was successfully applied to many wells ultimately improving the IP while minimizing the costs associated with the overall job.
The workflow uses commonly available drilling data to characterize the rock properties which are then used to engineer a completion design on the fly without any increase in associated costs. It also utilizes the treatment pressure data to accurately model the fracture geometry along with providing the sensitive parameters that help overcome the fracing barriers. The implementation of this workflow in realtime serves as a reference tool and guides the field engineers to efficiently stimulate and develop an unconventional reservoir in the most economical way.
Case Study of Time-Based Stress Shadow Influences on New Well Fracture Propagation Patterns in the Montney
Authors: Peterson Neil , Ouenes Ahmed , Ng Matthew , Hughes Randy , Hlidek Barry , Aimene Yamina , Khodabakhshnejad Arman , Li Xiaopeng 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Research on stress shadows between stages and wells has provided new elements for understanding how the initial stress state in the subsurface is altered by the creation of hydraulic fractures. Furthermore, variations in pore pressure and the presence of faults and natural fractures are key factors contributing to heterogeneous initial stress conditions that ultimately influence fracture propagation patterns. In this case study, time-based poroelastic and viscoelastic approaches are used to quantify lateral stress gradients between wells and analyze stress shadow interactions at the stage-to-stage scale observed during completion of two Upper Montney siltstone wells.
Utilizing interpreted microseismic data and offset well pressure monitoring data recorded during continuous-pumping completions of the two wells, a fault and pore pressure constrained poroelastic stress and relaxation model is derived. This model is used to map local modification of the initial stress state along parallel Upper Montney laterals. Initial stress conditions and stress shadow influences on observed fracture propagation patterns in the second well at multiple points during the completion is then used to determine dynamic, reservoir specific stress state modification characteristics as a function of time.
Microseismic data from the two wells showed preferential fracture growth toward a fault identified in the seismic volume and an existing production Well 1. Well 2 situated closest to the fault and the existing producer Well 1, showed a modal fracture growth bias to the southwest, towards Well 1. Well 3, situated furthest from the fault and existing producer exhibited a bimodal fracture propagation direction. The initial southwesterly propagation bias repeatedly alternated to the northeast, away from the low stress envelope caused by the fault and existing producer. Based on the initial conditions and the unique fracture propagation patterns in the two wells, lateral stress variation is mapped and modeled using poroelasticity. To better understand the short-term stress relaxation effects on fracture propagation and the phenomenon of repeated asymmetric growth on either side of Well 3 (NE-SW-NE-SW…), a viscoelastic model is used to quantify the impact of stress shadowing and various relaxation times on fracture propagation.
These observations led to the conclusions that the initial stress state is locally modified during hydraulic fracturing operations and that the stress disturbance caused by the depletion in one compartment around the existing production well continues to affect the stress conditions over significant distances, even in hydraulically disconnected reservoir compartments. This in turn affects the stimulation patterns of recently completed wells.
Predicting Economic Value in Unexplored Regions of an Unconventional Liquids Rich Play
Authors: Yip J. , Miller P. , Branter T. 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
A requirement for appraisal of unconventional resource plays is the development of type wells: predictions of production results for future wells drilled within geologic subsets (areas with relatively homogeneous reservoir properties). Unfortunately, evaluators typically have a limited sample of wells available, so while the subset may be considered relatively homogeneous, the full range of reservoir properties may not have been sampled. Unconventional plays also have gradational changes in reservoir properties, so defining a "homogeneous" geologic subset implies an averaging of these gradients. This paper presents a workflow to deal with these issues. In this workflow, type wells are modified to account for the expected productivity difference between a sampled region and an unexplored region of a given area of interest. Since well productivity and key inputs (e.g. completion design, reservoir quality) are not perfectly correlated, statistical relationships are used to modify type wells while accounting for uncertainty. Combined with an economic model and mapped variability in geologic/reservoir properties, a regional map of break-even oil price is generated. This technique translates the gradational variation of multiple subsurface parameters into a continuous map of relative economic value, which can then be used to discuss a multitude of appraisal and development issues.
Huff-N-Puff Gas Injection Pilot Projects in the Eagle Ford
Authors: Hoffman B. Todd 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
The Eagle Ford formation has been an overwhelming success producing around 2 billion barrels of oil over the last seven years, yet its potential may be even greater. The projected recovery factor is only 5-10%, and using improved oil recovery (IOR) methods to increase recovery could result in billions of additional barrels of production. Significant research is required to access this oil, and while a number of companies have field tested an IOR method called huff-n-puff gas injection, most of the published results are from lab and modeling studies. This paper evaluates the results from these field tests and discusses the successes and opportunities.
The huff-n-puff process involves injecting a miscible gas into a well, and then after some amount of time, producing back from that same well. The first part of this paper evaluates the publically available data from the Texas Railroad Commission and other sources for these pilots. Analytical techniques are used to predict the amount of additional recovery and the pattern efficiency from this data. This is compared to pre-injection forecasts. All cases show increased production rates with injection, and in one pattern where the data was easiest to interpret, the incremental production has doubled since the huff-n-puff project started.
This paper also proposes methodologies for implementing second generation pilots for unconventional reservoirs. It is important to define clear objectives that characterize the value of the pilots. The significance of developing optimum drilling and completion strategies for primary and IOR success is also highlighted. Long term information collecting strategies are proposed along with methods to optimize the projects during the pilot, and contingency plans to deal with difficulties that may arise. Finally, we discuss how the location and infrastructure needs of a pilot are paramount to its success.
Using IOR to increase recovery from unconventional oil fields is important for the continued success of plays like the Eagle Ford. Pilot tests are an integral part of developing the best IOR techniques, and this paper provides a thorough analysis of implementing IOR pilots in the Eagle Ford. It also shows how and where it has been applied successfully and discusses ideas to further improve the likelihood of success in the future.
Empirical and Numerical Investigation of the Effects of Hydraulic Fracturing Injection Rate on the Magnitude Distribution of Induced Seismicity Events
Authors: Amini Afshin , Eberhardt Erik 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Hydraulic fracturing operations to enable production from unconventional oil and gas reservoirs have been subject to public, industry, and regulator concerns regarding induced seismicity. The injection of fluids into deep formations to generate hydraulic fractures serves to create localized increases in pore pressures and reductions in the effective normal stresses acting on critically stressed faults, resulting in fault slip and induced seismicity. Amongst the different factors influencing induced seismicity, operational factors such as injection volume and rate are potentially important, and can be controlled (in contrast to geological factors, which cannot). In this paper, an empirical study is presented examining correlations between injection rate and volume and induced seismicity events and magnitudes for data compiled for the Montney play in northeastern British Columbia. The results of the empirical analysis show that injection rate has a slightly higher correlation to induced seismicity than injection volume, and that larger events (&gt;M3) correlate with higher injection rates (&gt;6-8 m3/min). Three-dimensional numerical modelling was also performed to further investigate the magnitude distribution of induced seismic events as a function of different injection rates. For the modelled geological scenario, the results indicate that lower injection rates resulted in a more distributed pore pressure perturbation interacting with an adjacent critically stressed fault, resulting in multiple slip areas producing several small magnitude events. In contrast, higher injection rates resulted in a more concentrated pore pressure perturbation interacting with the fault causing a larger area to slip, producing a singular large magnitude event.
DFIT Analysis in Low Leakoff Formations: A Duvernay Case Study
Authors: Zanganeh Behnam , MacKay Mason K. , Clarkson Christopher R. , Jones Jack R. 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Diagnostic Fracture Injection Test (DFIT) responses in some shale reservoirs, such as the Duvernay shale in western Canada, are not consistent with those interpreted through traditional analysis methods. Indeed, interpretation with traditional techniques may result in significantly incorrect estimates of closure pressure, pore pressure and formation permeability. The goal of this paper is to explain the observed DFIT behaviours for selected Duvernay shale wells in terms of low leakoff of fracturing fluid to the formation, activation of pre-existing fractures, and tip extension during the test.
DFIT data in the Duvernay shale are analyzed using pressure transient analysis methods. Two scenarios are presented to explain the overall falloff behavior; moving-hinge closure with tip extension, and activation of secondary natural fractures. The validity of each scenario is examined using rigorous coupled flow-geomechanical simulation, geological information and geomechanical settings in the Duvernay Formation.
Due to extremely low leakoff, the main mechanism affecting pressure falloff during the DFIT is pressure dissipation through the primary fracture created during injection. This results in significant tip extension or activation of secondary fractures. The fluctuations and spikes observed on G-function or pressure derivative plots are explained in the context of these scenarios. The leakoff rate varies with the pressure change, and the enhanced fracture surface area, during tip extension. Therefore, the assumption of Carter leakoff, and the traditional closure picks based on a straight-line tangent to the semi-log derivative on a G-function plot or 3/2 slope on Bourdet-derivative plot are not valid. Due to very low matrix permeability and the additional fracture length created through tip extension, it is unlikely that formation radial flow is established during the test, compromising the ability to obtain a valid pore pressure or formation permeability.
Synthesis of Novel 3(N,N-dialkylamino)alkyl/phenyl Substituted Thieno [2,3-d]pyrimidinones as H1-Anti-Histaminic and Antimicrobial Agents
Authors: Singh Shiv Dev , Kumar Arvind , Babar Firoz , Sachan Neetu , Sharma Arun Kumar 
Published: February 2018

Background:
Thienopyrimidines are the bioisoster of quinazoline and unlike quinazoline
exist in three isomeric forms corresponding to the three possible types annulation of thiophene to the
pyrimidine ring viz thieno[2,3-d] pyrimidine, thieno[3,2-d] pyrimidine and thieno[3,4-d]pyrimidine.
Heterocyclic containing the thienopyrimidinone moiety exhibits various pronounced activities such as
anti-hypertensive, analgesic and anti-inflammatory, antiviral, platelet aggregation inhibitory, antiprotozoal
bronchodilatory, phosphodiesterase inhibitory, antihistaminic, antipsychotic and antimicrobial activity.

Objective:
Synthesis of novel 3(N,N-dialkylamino)alkyl/phenyl substituted thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidinones
as H1-anti-histaminic and antimicrobial agents.

Methods:
A series of 3-[(N,N-dialkylamino)alkyl/phenyl]-2-(1H)thioxo-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobenzo(b)
thieno(2,3-d)pyrimidine-4(3H)-ones[4a-d], their oxo analogous [5a-d] and 3-[(N,N-dialkylamino)alkyl]-
2-chlorophenyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobenzo(b)thieno(2,3-d)pyrimidine- 4 (3H)-ones[6a-d]derivative were
synthesized from 2-amino-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrobenzo(b)thiophene-3-carboxylic acid by nucleophilic substitution
of different N,N-dialkyl alkylene/phenylene diamines on activated 3-acylchloride moiety followed
by cyclocondensation with carbon disulfide and ethanolic potassium hydroxide to get [4a-d] and
in second reaction by condensation with 4-chlorobenzoyl chloride to get [6a-d] by single pot novel innovative
route. The oxo analogous [5a-d] were prepared by treating derivatives [4a-d] with potassium
permagnate in ethanolic KOH. The synthesized compound were evaluated for H1-antihistaminic and
antimicrobial activities.

Results:
All synthesized compounds exhibited significant H1-antihistaminic activity by in vitro and in
vivo screening methods and data were verified analytically and statistically. The compound 4a, 4b, 5a
and 5b showed significant H1-antihistaminiic activity than the reference standard chlorpheniramine
maleate. The compound 6d, 6c, 5c and 4c exhibited significant antimicrobial activity.
La place des établissements scolaires en France sous la Ve République: une recomposition parallèle des formes de la justice et des formes de l’État (1959-2009)
Authors: Derouet Jean Louis 
Published: February 2018

L’article propose une étude du rôle et de la place des établissements scolaires dans les trois dernières Lois régissant le système éducatif français. Son but est de montrer que ceux-ci correspondent à une recomposition parallèle des formes de la justice et des formes de l’Etat. La Loi de modernisation du système éducatif de 1975 tentait de mettre en œuvre un objectif d’égalité des chances correspondant à l’Etat-providence dans une organisation centralisée et même autoritaire. La Loi d’orientation de l’éducation de 1989 a poursuivi le même objectif d’égalité mais l’a mis en œuvre dans un système déconcentré dont la régulation reposait sur un contrat entre le projet des familles et le projet des établissements. La Loi d’orientation et de programmation de 2005 reprend ce souci de respect des droits des usagers et introduit une obligation de résultats correspondant à une conception managériale de l’Etat. Mots-clé: Politiques d’éducation; Justice; Établissements scolaires; Sociologie de l’Etat
Educação, globalizações e cosmopolitismos: novos direitos, novas desigualdades
Authors: Estevão Carlos Vilar 
Published: February 2018

Tendo presente o contexto actual onde emergem novas desigualdades e novas injustiças pretende-se articular o processo de globalização com a construção do cosmopolitismo e da justiça social, distinguindo nesta discussão diversas modalidades de cosmopolitismo, nomeadamente a neoliberal e a democrática. Na linha desta última, o autor aprofunda a noção de cosmopoliticidade para vincar não apenas a ideia de universalidade mas também a de dialogicidade global e de politicidade. A partir deste enquadramento analítico, o autor desenvolve as implicações da cosmopoliticidade democrática na educação em geral e na gestão das organizações educativas em particular, no sentido de esta contribuir também para o reforço da justiça global e para o "cultivo da humanidade". Palavras-chave: Cosmopolitismo; Justiça; Educação; Desigualdades
A utilização dos materiais didáticos nas aulas de Matemática – Um estudo no 1º Ciclo
Authors: Botas Dilaila , Moreira Darlinda 
Published: February 2018

O artigo apresenta uma investigação cujo principal objetivo foi conhecer quais os materiais didáticos usados mais frequentemente no ensino da Matemática num Agrupamento de Escolas do 1º Ciclo do Ensino Básico nos arredores deLisboa e qual a visão pedagógica subjacente à sua utilização.Metodologicamente, optou-se por um estudo de natureza quantitativa com características descritivas. A população envolvida no estudo é relativa a 53 professores do 1º Ciclo que exerciam a sua atividade letiva e não letiva no referido Agrupamento de Escolas. Conclui-se que os professores definem o material didáctico como sendo um objeto que visa a motivação do aluno, auxiliando-o na concretização e construção dos conceitos matemáticos. O manual escolar, o próprio corpo do aluno, as réguas e o ábaco são os materiais mais usados pelos professores. Os professores consideram o material didático importantíssimo e afirmam usá-lo "muitas vezes" naresolução de problemas e na prática compreensiva de procedimentos. Palavras-chaveMaterial didáctico; Educação matemática; 1º Ciclo do Ensino Básico
Pedagogia universitária – Valorizando o ensino e a docência na universidade
Authors: De Almeida Maria Isabel , Pimenta Selma Garrido 
Published: February 2018

Como e em que circunstâncias processos de formação relativos ao saber serprofessor podem ser desenvolvidos em uma universidade complexa? O textoaponta possíveis respostas a essa questão, a partir da análise da constituiçãode uma política de formação dos docentes em uma universidade pública –Universidade de São Paulo, Brasil –, cuja tradição das atividades de pesquisase sobrepõe às de ensino. Para ampliar a compreensão da experiênciaempreendida, discute o significado do ensino de graduação no contexto dacrise da universidade contemporânea e aponta a relevância dos docentes paraassegurar o significado social da universidade. Teve como instrumentos quesustentam a análise os registros escritos e as pesquisas produzidas pelosparticipantes do processo (docentes, gestores, doutorandos). Considerando omarco teórico-conceitual sobre docência universitária, os resultados da análiseapontam algumas contribuições para a área: a importância do enraizamentoinstitucional de políticas de formação pedagógica de docentes universitários; ainserção destas no orçamento institucional; a diversidade de ações formativas;e a valorização da produção científica dos docentes sobre ensino. Palavras-chaveDocência e pesquisa na graduação; Universidade; Política institucional
La nueva historia literaria de Colombia: Preocupaciones y proyecciones
Authors: Monroy Z. Leonardo Augusto 
Published: February 2018

In search of autonomy in the remaking of the literary field in Colombia, many Colombian scholars believe they can give another meaning to the literary history of the country. This can be made through a careful and right approach to the nation, canon, periodization and reception concepts of literature and literary institution. Doing this will redound to the benefit of both the configuration of a clearly-defined national literary identity and the teaching task using the literary productions.
Grupo de apoyo pedagógico y formación docente facultad medicina universidad nacional de colombia
Authors: Pinilla Roa Análida Elizabeth 
Published: February 2018

Dado que en el área de las ciencias de la salud, los docentes universitarios son profesionales con dominio disciplinar o profesional en su área, pero en general, sin formación formal como profesionales de la docencia. Como dice Madiedo (2003): "El maestro enseña una ciencia o un arte en lo que es idóneo, es necesario que el docente no solamente sea idóneo en el quehacer disciplinar, sino también en el saber pedagógico"82. Para el ejercicio profesional el docente debe ser reconocido por una comunidad académica. Por lo anterior, el "Grupo de Apoyo Pedagógico y Formación Docente" (GAPFD) nació por una afortunada iniciativa de un grupo de docentes de la Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad Nacional de Colombiaque deseaban ingresar al ámbito de la educación, la pedagogía y de la investigación, con el objeto de enriquecer, de esta manera, su función docente en el terreno de las Ciencias de la Salud.Luego de 10 años de labores con perseverancia y entusiasmo, en la actualidad el GAPFD es Grupo AdeCOLCIENCIAS: en Educación, locual posibilitará seguir desarrollando investigación en educación y pedagogía para continuar el trabajo intergeneracional inherente a la constitución del semillero de investigadores.