bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Numerical investigation of sliding friction behaviour and mechanism of engineering surfaces
Authors: Zhang Xiaogang , Zhang Yali 
Published: November 2018

Purpose
This study aims to investigate the sliding friction behaviour and mechanism of engineering surfaces.

Design/methodology/approach
A new numerical approach is proposed. This approach derives the macroscale friction coefficient from microscale asperity interactions. By applying this approach, the sliding friction behaviour under different operating conditions were investigated in terms of molecular and mechanical components.

Findings
Numerical results demonstrate an independent relationship between normal load and friction coefficient, which is governed by the saturated plastic ratio. Numerical results also demonstrate that under very small load, an increase in load increases the friction coefficient. In addition, numerical results confirm the existence of optimal surface roughness where the friction coefficient is the lowest. For the surface profiles used in the current calculation, an optimal surface roughness value is obtained as Rq = 0.125 μm.

Originality/value
This new approach characterizes the deterministic relationship between macroscale friction coefficient and microscale asperity molecular/mechanical interactions. Numerical results facilitate the understanding of sliding friction mechanism.
The intellectual structure of coopetition: past, present and future
Authors: Köseoğlu Mehmet Ali , Yildiz Mehmet , Okumus Fevzi , Barca Mehmet 
Published: November 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the intellectual structure of coopetition through utilizing a citation and co-citation analysis of scholarly articles focusing on coopetition.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors conducted bibliometric analyses of citation and co-citation analysis. The units of analysis were original research articles and research notes retrieved from journals indexed by well-known databases. Keywords used in the search were “co-opet, co-opet, coopetition, coopetition, simultaneous cooperation and competition, simultaneously cooperate and compete, coexistence of cooperation and competition, coexistence of cooperation and competition, cooperate and compete simultaneously, coopetitive relationships, coopetitive relationships, coopetitive networks, horizontal alliances, cooperate with competitors, cooperation with competitors, cooperative relationships with competitors, cooperative competition and competitive cooperation.” Regarding the time period for publication of the sample articles, the authors did not place any restrictions.

Findings
The research findings provide evidence that coopetition demonstrates multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary characteristics. Subfields of the coopetition field were identified based on the components of coopetition, which are relation, process and strategy. The component dealing with relationship management and innovation as strategy become prominent. Although coopetition literature has emerged as a relation view of strategy, it is still fragmented and diverse. Additionally, the robust subfields generated from the analysis were super-positioned with low degrees.

Originality/value
This is one of the few studies offering a critical review of coopetition research via quantitative research approach.
Sustainability in organizational context
Authors: Munck Luciano , Tomiotto Maria Fernanda 
Published: November 2018

Purpose
Discussions about sustainability in the organizational context present a blind spot. It appears when we ask if a company recognized as sustainable, keep what it means compatible with corporate sustainability premises and its values on the strategic decision process. In this context, the purpose of this paper is, on the light of sensemaking and the decision-making theory, to reflect on possible divergences between meanings attributed to sustainability, available on official documents, and the meanings identified in current actions and narratives related to sustainability goals in the researched organization.

Design/methodology/approach
The research adopted a qualitative approach, characterized as descriptive, using as methods narrative analysis and documentary research, that were carried out from sensemaking theory.

Findings
It was identified coherence between strategic statements and present sustainable actions. However, in view of theoretical reference used, it was identified an imprecision in sustainability perspectives of decision making. Inconsistency tends to promote internal resistance, difficulty to commit to all areas and prejudice long-term results.

Research limitations/implications
Future studies should compare the decision-making meaning attributed to sustainability in companies of different market segments.

Practical implications
The studied case shed light on the importance of managers having at their disposal a map that relates strategic objectives and actions aimed at sustainability. The lack of this compromises the organizational results focused on corporate sustainability.

Originality/value
The understanding of the meanings attributed gives rise to perceptions of possible and relevant flaws in the alignment between the discourse and the practice of sustainability, supporting possibilities of the fine adjustments in strategic decision making.
Circular economy: analysis of the implementation of practices in the Brazilian network
Authors: Silva Flavia Cristina , Shibao Fabio Ytoshi , Kruglianskas Isak , Barbieri José Carlos , Sinisgalli Paulo Antonio Almeida 
Published: November 2018

PurposeIn total, 19 practices of circular economy divided into three groups, internal environmental management, ecological design and investment recovery were studied in a local network composed of small companies and individual entrepreneurs related to common product and by-product flows. The paper aims to discuss these issues.Design/methodology/approachThis research presents an applied nature, is characterized as exploratory and adopted the case study as a technical procedure using sources and methods of data collection. The primary data were collected through direct observation of the processes and semi-structured interviews with managers and owners.FindingsThe most widespread practices are related to product design. However, in most cases, the implementation was punctual and did not present continuous and corresponding actions, which highlights the embryonic contours of European Commission (EC) in the observed network. The practices from the management category were less observed, which revels the environmental variable is not included in the strategic business planning.Research limitations/implicationsThe research documents the application of CE practices in a local network and brings this current paradigm shift to the Brazilian context.Practical implicationsTo overcome barriers to the implementation of EC practices, it is suggested to restructure commercial relations, to formulate public policies and to develop infrastructures that facilitate the materiality of flows and the market.Social implicationsThe study highlights the need of public policies that promotes cross-sectoral cooperation in accordance with NSWP objectives.Originality/valueDespite the focus on EC implemented practices this study offers a framework of the research routes on the main barriers and suggests actions to overcome the challenges in the transition from the economy to the circular model.
Deciphering the mechanisms of phonological therapy in jargon aphasia
Authors: Bose Arpita , Höbler Fiona , Saddy Douglas 
Published: November 2018

AbstractBackgroundSevere word production difficulties remain one of the most challenging clinical symptoms to treat in individuals with jargon aphasia. Clinically, it is important to determine why some individuals with jargon aphasia improve following therapy when others do not. We report a therapy study with AM, an individual with severe neologistic jargon aphasia, and provide a subsequent comparison with previous cases, with the purpose of informing both our theoretical and clinical understanding of jargon aphasia.AimsTo investigate AM's locus of word production deficit and determine the effectiveness of phonological component analysis (PCA) therapy, a phonological cueing therapy, in the re‐learning and generalization of naming responses for words. In addition, AM's performance in therapy, linguistic profile and ability to engage with therapy/cues were compared in a retrospective analysis with the background linguistic and therapy data of two other individuals with jargon aphasia (P9 and FF), who responded differentially to PCA. This was undertake to explore possible prognostic indicators of phonological therapy for jargon aphasia.Methods & ProceduresA battery of linguistic and neuropsychological tests was used to identify AM's word production deficit. A single‐subject multiple probe design across behaviours was employed to evaluate the effects of PCA therapy on the re‐learning and generalization of naming responses. In the retrospective analysis of AM, P9 and FF, we compared differences and similarities in performance on various linguistic tasks, the ability to engage in therapy (i.e., ability to generate and use the cues), as well as to retain and maintain cues.Outcomes & ResultsAM's locus of deficit was identified in the mapping between semantics and phonology. PCA was found to be effective in improving naming in two of the three treated word lists during the treatment phase; however, these gains were not maintained. Generalization to untreated picture names was not observed. Findings from the retrospective analysis illustrated that oral reading skills, the ability to segment phonological information from words and active engagement with provided cues are likely prerequisites for obtaining robust and long‐term gains.Conclusions & ImplicationsWe demonstrated that phonological therapy could be beneficial for the remediation of naming abilities at least in the re‐learning phase; however, maintenance and generalization of these gains were limited. This research helps to elucidate the considerations and evaluations necessary for the appropriateness of phonological therapy and candidacy of individuals with jargon aphasia for this treatment approach.
‘No one is as invested in your continued good health as you should be:’ an exploration of the post‐surgical relationships between weight‐loss surgery patients and their home bariatric clinics
Authors: Meleo‐Erwin Zoë C. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThis article traces the post‐surgical relationship between weight‐loss surgery (WLS) patients and their home bariatric clinics. Following surgery, there is substantive drop off in patient attendance at both follow‐up appointments and support groups. While barriers to follow‐up are often discussed with the bariatric literature, patients themselves are typically defined as the problem. Based upon a thematic analysis of 217 blog posts and comments in two top patient‐led online forums, I demonstrate that bariatric patients tell a more complex story about their post‐surgical lives. I argue that WLS patients constitute a population with highly specialised medical needs that is caught between the requirements for living with surgically altered digestive systems and a lack of sufficient post‐operative follow‐up care from their home bariatric clinics. Although online forums provide spaces for patients to examine these post‐operative social and clinical experiences in critical terms, seek information and get support, ultimately the conversations serve to underline the value of personal responsibility for post‐operative outcomes–a framing that echoes that of the bariatric profession. This framing should be understood within a larger climate of weight‐based stigma and discrimination as well as neoliberal healthism.
Ethnic Disparities in Neighbourhood Selection: Understanding the Role of Income
Authors: Coulter Rory , Clark William A.V. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractResurgent fears that segregation could undermine the cohesion, prosperity and security of British society require re‐examining how ethnicity and economic resources interact to structure the types of neighbourhoods people relocate to when they move. This article uses the United Kingdom Household Longitudinal Study and 2011 census data to assess how ethnicity and income intersect to stratify the ethnic and socio‐economic composition of the neighbourhoods people move to in England and Wales. The results suggest that greater access to resources allows people from most ethnic groups to act on shared residential preferences by moving to more advantaged locales. Furthermore, higher incomes accelerate ethnic deconcentration by carrying Asians into neighbourhoods with a greater share of White Britons. However, there is also considerable inertia and ethnic inequality in neighbourhood destinations. The geography of local opportunity structures constrains the types of neighbourhood people relocate to and ethnic minorities tend to move to less advantaged neighbourhoods than their White British peers. Although Britain is not ‘sleepwalking to segregation’, there are persistent ethnic and socio‐economic disparities in neighbourhood outcomes.
Mapping discourse coalitions in the minimum unit pricing for alcohol debate: a discourse network analysis of UK newspaper coverage
Authors: Fergie Gillian , Leifeld Philip , Hawkins Ben , Hilton Shona 
Published: November 2018

AbstractBackground and AimsMinimum unit pricing (MUP) for alcohol was introduced in Scotland on 1 May 2018, and is now on the policy agenda in other devolved administrations and at Westminster. Previous research has explored the arguments deployed for and against MUP, but the congruence between actors in the MUP debate has not been sufficiently examined. This study identified and mapped the discourse coalitions that emerged in the UK MUP debate through an analysis of actors’ use of arguments in media coverage of the policy debates.DesignA sample of print media coverage of MUP was obtained from the LexisNexis newspaper database. The resulting sample was imported into discourse network analysis (DNA) software for coding and subsequent visualization of actor networks.SettingUnited Kingdom.ObservationsA total of 348 articles from eight UK‐wide and three Scottish newspapers from an 18‐month period, ending in November 2012, were analysed.MeasurementsActors’ arguments were coded to generate structured data for conversion into a weighted actor network where ties represent similarities among actors in terms of arguments in support of or opposition to MUP.FindingsTwo polarized discourse coalitions, Opponents and Proponents of MUP, emerged in media coverage. The Proponents coalition consisted mainly of health advocacy groups, charities, political parties and academic institutions. In the Opponents coalition, the networks were formed of key alcohol manufacturers and economic think‐tanks. While producer organizations were central to the Opponents coalition, some commercial actors were more favourable to MUP, highlighting divisions within the industry overall.ConclusionsMedia coverage of minimum unit pricing (MUP) in Scotland from June 2011 to November 2012 showed alignment between the policy positions of (1) alcohol producers and think‐tanks opposed to MUP; and (2) public health advocates and health charities in favour of the policy. Some alcohol industry actors were supportive of MUP indicating divisions among the industry. Discourse network analysis may be usefully applied to study other highly contested policy issues in health and beyond.
Patterns of domestic violence against women during pregnancy and the postpartum period in Kathmandu, Nepal
Authors: Bhatta Narayan , Assanangkornchai Sawitri 
Published: November 2018

AbstractIntroductionDomestic violence during pregnancy and the postpartum period is a public health problem, which affects not only the health of the mother but also the health of the fetus and child. This study aims to examine the prevalence and patterns of domestic violence during pregnancy and the postpartum period and to identify associated factors in a Nepalese society.MethodsA cross‐sectional study was conducted in a government hospital of Nepal. In each trimester of pregnancy and the postpartum period, 165 women aged 15 to 49 years were recruited. Domestic violence information was elicited using a questionnaire adapted from a World Health Organization (WHO) domestic violence against women instrument. Multiple logistic regression models were used to identify associated factors of domestic violence.ResultsThe overall prevalence of domestic violence against women during pregnancy and the postpartum period was 26.2% (17.6%, 34.6%, 32.7%, and 20.0% in the first, second, and third trimesters of pregnancy, and the postpartum period, respectively). Associated factors for domestic violence included Janjati ethnicity of the women, 2 to 5 years of married life compared with <2 years, the second and third trimesters of pregnancy compared with the first trimester, low education status of husbands, high controlling behavior of mothers‐in‐law, and previous history of domestic violence.DiscussionDomestic violence during pregnancy and the postpartum period is common in Nepalese women, especially in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy.
Refining the ethics of preimplantation genetic diagnosis: A plea for contextualized proportionality
Authors: Dondorp Wybo , de Wert Guido 
Published: November 2018

AbstractMany European countries uphold a ‘high risk of a serious condition’ requirement for limiting the scope of preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD). This ‘front door’ rule should be loosened to account for forms of PGD with a divergent proportionality. This applies to both ‘added PGD’ (aPGD), as an add‐on to in vitro fertilization (IVF), and ‘combination PGD’ (cPGD), for a secondary disorder in addition to the one for which the applicants have an accepted PGD indication. Thus loosening up at the front has implications at the back of PGD treatment, where a further PGD rule says that ‘affected embryos’ (in the sense of embryos with the targeted mutation or abnormality) should not be transferred to the womb. This ‘back door’ rule should be loosened to allow for transferring ‘last chance’ affected embryos in aPGD and cPGD cases, provided this does not entail a high risk that the child will have a seriously diminished quality of life.
‘If someone donates $1000, they support you. If they donate $100 000, they have bought you’. Mixed methods study of tobacco, alcohol and gambling industry donations to Australian political parties
Authors: Kypri Kypros , McCambridge Jim , Robertson Narelle , Martino Florentine , Daube Mike , Adams Peter , Miller Peter 
Published: November 2018

AbstractBackground and AimsBusiness corporations’ use of political donations to garner political influence is especially troubling in relation to products that damage human health. We sought to investigate patterns of donations to Australian political parties from tobacco, alcohol and gambling industry actors and the experiences of key informants.Design and MethodsWe analysed public data on federal and state donations for 10 years to June 2015. We conducted 28 semi‐structured interviews with current and former politicians, ex‐political staffers and other key informants, concerning the role played by political donations of tobacco, alcohol and gambling companies in Australian politics. We examined temporal associations in donations data, and thematically analysed interviews.ResultsAustralian political parties declared donations of A$14 million (US$11 M) from tobacco ($1.9 M), alcohol ($7.7 M), gambling ($2.9 M) and supermarket ($1.7 M) entities, excluding donations below the $12 800 reporting threshold. Donations to the governing party increased substantially during debates about an alcohol tax and gambling law reform. Alcohol industry donations to major parties spiked ahead of elections. Interviewees identified the function of donations in terms of: (i) buying immediate influence; (ii) building long‐term relationships; (iii) exploiting a flawed political system; and (iv) the need to look beyond donations, for example, to favour exchange; and the public's right to know about corporate influence on policy‐makers.Discussion and ConclusionsThe alcohol and gambling industries make substantial donations to influence particular decisions in the short term and build relationships over the long term. Banning corporate donations and publicly funding political parties warrant consideration to safeguard the integrity of public policy‐making.
Assessing earth system model predictions of C4 grass cover in North America: From the glacial era to the end of this century
Authors: Still Christopher J. , Cotton Jennifer M. , Griffith Daniel M. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractAimC4 grasses are distinct from C3 grasses, because C4 grasses respond in a different manner to light, temperature, CO2 and nitrogen and often have higher resource‐use efficiencies. C3 and C4 grasses are typically represented in earth system models (ESMs) by different plant functional types (PFTs). The ability of ESMs to capture C4 grass biogeography and ecology across differing time periods is important to assess, given the crucial role they play in ecosystems and their divergent responses to global change.LocationNorth America.Time periodsLast Glacial Maximum (LGM), historical modern period (ca. 1850) and end of this century.Major taxa studiedC4 grasses.MethodsProxy data representing relative cover and productivity of C4 grasses were collated, including carbon isotope ratios of soil carbon and animal grazer tissue, and vegetation plot data in undisturbed grasslands. We selected available model predictions of C4 PFT percentage cover. Models were compared against one another and assessed against proxy data at key time points: the LGM, the historical modern period before widespread grassland conversion to agriculture, and the end of this century.ResultsWe highlight large differences among model predictions of percentage C4 grass cover across North America: all pairwise combinations have correlations < .5, and most are < .2. Models also do not capture spatial patterns of the percentage C4 grass cover from proxy data, during either the LGM or the historical modern period. Models generally under‐predict percentage C4 grass cover, particularly during the historical modern period.Main conclusionsEarth system models do not accurately represent the biogeography of C4 grasses across a range of time‐scales, and their outputs do not agree with one another. We suggest model improvements to represent this crucial functional type better, including more collection and greater integration of C3 and C4 grass trait data, explicit representations of tree–grass competition for water, and a greater focus on disturbance ecology.