bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Calagem e adubação na cultura do meloeiro
Authors: Zebalos Carlos Henrique Dos Santos , Soares Edimar Rodrigues , Barbosa Camila De Lira , Nogueira Adriana Ema , Queiroz Samira Furtado 
Published: April 2018

Nas últimas décadas, o Brasil tem ganhado destaque na produção e comercialização de melão. A produção brasileira é concentrada na Região Nordeste, sendo a fruta exportada para diversos países. O meloeiro é uma cultura típica de clima quente, podendo também ser cultivado na Região Norte, em especial no estado de Rondônia. A implantação da cultura no estado pode representar uma nova fonte de renda para pequenos e médios produtores, contribuindo para a sustentabilidade das propriedades agrícolas. A literatura carece de informações sobre as necessidades químicas do meloeiro, deixando lacunas sobre adubação e calagem, que afetam diretamente a produtividade e qualidade da planta e seus frutos. O objetivo desse trabalho é apresentar dados que sirvam como norteadores para o entendimento sobre a demanda nutricional exigida pelo meloeiro, bem como os aspectos químicos do solo que favoreçam seu desenvolvimento. Quanto a calagem, a recomendação é elevar a saturação por bases para 80%. Entretanto, há extrema carência de trabalhos na literatura que evidenciem os efeitos da aplicação de calcário para a cultura. Verificou-se que, em geral, o potássio é o nutriente mais extraído pela cultura. Em relação ao nitrogênio, doses em torno de 80 kg ha-1 parecem ser suficientes para obtenção de boas produtividades. Para o fósforo e potássio são poucos as pesquisas feitas com esses nutrientes. No caso do fósforo, as pesquisas indicam que 275 kg ha-1 de P2O5 são suficientes para proporcionar a máxima produtividade da cultura. Todavia, ressalta-se que no caso destes dois nutrientes são necessários mais estudos para maiores conclusões.
Guerrilha do Araguaia: Arqueologia, História e Direitos Humanos
Authors: Justamand Michel , Mechi Patricia Sposito 
Published: April 2018

O artigo apresenta algumas considerações sobre as contribuições que a arqueologia pode oferecer ao conhecimento de um dos episódios mais sombrios da ditadura civil-militar brasileira (1964 a 1985): a guerrilha do Araguaia. Ocorrida na região norte do país na tríplice fronteira entre os estados do Pará, Maranhão e Tocantins (à época, norte de Goiás) e organizada pelo Partido Comunista do Brasil (PCdoB) a guerrilha foi a principal forma de luta contra a ditadura vislumbrada por essa agremiação política, no contexto repressivo estabelecido a partir do golpe de estado que deu início ao último período ditatorial brasileiro. Busca-se evidenciar o papel dos relatos dos camponeses na reconstituição da história de violência, nas quais estes aparecem como vítimas das arbitrariedades da violência institucional do período da ditadura militar, demonstrando que a partir desses depoimentos é possível preencher lacunas deixadas pela ausência do registro escrito e investigar, nos vestígios materiais, a repressão ao movimento guerrilheiro ocorrido no Araguaia e aos camponeses moradores da região.
Evidence for a Sub-Chandrasekhar-mass Type Ia Supernova in the Ursa Minor Dwarf Galaxy
Authors: McWilliam Andrew , Piro Anthony L. , Badenes Carles , Bravo Eduardo 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
A long-standing problem is identifying the elusive progenitors of Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia), which can roughly be split into Chandraksekhar and sub-Chandrasekhar-mass events. An important difference between these two cases is the nucleosynthetic yield, which is altered by the increased neutron excess in Chandrasekhar progenitors due to their pre-explosion simmering and high central density. Based on these arguments, we show that the chemical composition of the most metal-rich star in the Ursa Minor dwarf galaxy, COS 171, is dominated by nucleosynthesis from a low-metallicity, low-mass, sub-Chandrasekhar-mass SN Ia. Key diagnostic abundance ratios include Mn/Fe and Ni/Fe, which could not have been produced by a Chandrasekhar-mass SN Ia. Large deficiencies of Ni/Fe, Cu/Fe and Zn/Fe also suggest the absence of alpha-rich freeze-out nucleosynthesis, favoring low-mass white dwarf progenitors of SNe Ia, near 0.95 M
⊙, from comparisons to numerical detonation models. We also compare Mn/Fe and Ni/Fe ratios to the recent yields predicted by Shen et al., finding consistent results. To explain the [Fe/H] at −1.35 dex for COS 171 would require dilution of the SN Ia ejecta with ∼104
M
⊙ of material, which is expected for an SN remnant expanding into a warm interstellar medium with n ∼ 1 cm−3. In the future, finding more stars with the unique chemical signatures we highlight here will be important for constraining the rate and environments of sub-Chandrasekhar SNe Ia.
Two new species of Oobius (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) and their phylogenetic relationship with other congeners from northeastern Asia
Authors: Yao Yan-Xia , Duan Jian J. , Mottern Jason L. , Wang Xiao-Yi , Yang Zhong-Qi , Bauer Leah S. , Gates Michael W. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractTwo new species of egg parasitoids, Oobius saimaensis Yao and Mottern new species and Oobius fleischeri Yao and Duan new species (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae), are described from eggs of Agrilus fleischeri Obenberger, 1925 (Coleoptera: Buprestidae). Agrilus fleischeri is a phloem-feeding woodborer of poplar (Populus Linnaeus; Salicaceae) in northeastern China. These two species can be distinguished morphologically as O. fleischeri has five tarsomeres and O. saimaensis has four tarsomeres. Although O. saimaensis is morphologically similar to its sympatric congener O. agrili Zhang and Hang, 2005, an important natural enemy of the invasive emerald ash borer, Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire, 1888, molecular phylogenetics and morphological data indicate that they are distinct species. Phylogenetic relationships among the new species and other closely related species are also inferred by using DNA sequence data from several ribosomal and mitochondrial genes. In addition, we expand the known distribution of Oobius primorskyensis Yao and Duan, 2016 to include South Korea.
The impact of family physician supply on district health system performance, clinical processes and clinical outcomes in the Western Cape Province, South Africa (2011–2014)
Authors: Chinhoyi Rekai L. , Zunza Moleen , Von Pressentin Klaus B. 
Published: April 2018

Background: A revised family physician (FP) training programme was introduced in South Africa in 2007. A baseline assessment (2011) of the impact of FP supply on district health system performance was performed within the Western Cape Province, South Africa. The impact of an increased FP supply within this province required re-evaluation.Aim: To assess the impact of FP supply on indicators of district health system performance, clinical processes and clinical outcomes in the Western Cape Province. The objectives were to determine the impact of FPs, nurses, medical officers (MOs) and other specialists.Setting: The study sample included all five rural districts and eight urban subdistricts of the Western Cape Province.Methods: A secondary analysis was performed on routinely collected data from the Western Cape Department of Health from 01 March 2011 until 30 April 2014.Results: The FP supply did not significantly impact the indicators analysed. The supply of nurses and MOs had an impact on some of the indicators analysed.Conclusion: This study did not replicate the positive associations between an increase in FP supply and improved health indicators, as described previously for high-income country settings. The impact of FP supply on clinical processes, health system performance and outcome indicators in the Western Cape Province was not statistically significant. Future re-evaluation is recommended to allow for more time and an increase in FP supply.
Problèmes de traduction-d’individuation dans les Fous de Bassant
Authors: Woodward Servanne 
Published: April 2018

L’idée d’individuation, telle que définie par Pierre Bourdieu (Les règles de l'art 1992) et Gilbert Simondon (1989) dans les domaines littéraires et sociologiques, est utilisée ici pour définir le processus de traduction d’un passage des Fous de Bassant d’Anne Hébert, dont le drame d’une communauté anglophone s’exprime en français, et dont le « retour » sur l’expression anglaise par une traduction du français vers l’anglais pose problème. Le protagoniste principal (l’étranger que son frère jumeau ne reconnaît que lorsqu’il décline son nom) se complaît dans une position marginale ou aliénante pour la société avec laquelle il cultive une position antagoniste. L’aliénation calculée du protagoniste qui demeure dans le flou représentationnel donne un statut particulier au rapport « étranger » de l’individuation, tant au niveau du lexique textuel, qu’au niveau des caractéristiques composant le personnage. La position d’immigrant pris entre deux langues et entre terre et mer est ici celle du colon dans un milieu hostile qui ne peut trouver ses « racines » que par l’enterrement ou la noyade.
Análisis de las relaciones entre Estados Unidos y Haití (1915-2015): notas para pensar la dialéctica del imperialismo en el Caribe
Authors: Romero Wimer Fernando Gabriel , Fernández Hellmund Paula Daniela , Honório Karen Dos Santos 
Published: April 2018

Desde la invasión a Haití en 1915 por parte de los Estados Unidos, se puede observar una estrecha vinculación de las acciones políticas y militares de la potencia norteamericana en el país caribeño, en convergencia con sus intereses económicos y sus pretensiones imperialistas. Este artículo tiene por objetivo analizar dialécticamente esta relación a través de su historia considerando: las particularidades de las inversiones de capitales estadounidenses, la estructura de su comercio exterior, la política de intervención y asistencia militar norteamericana y el juego de intereses políticos en el ámbito doméstico de Haití en los últimos 100 años. Paralelamente, el texto parte de una exposición que establece un marco teórico marxista mediante el cual se interpreta el proceso histórico analizado a partir de una perspectiva que asume como vértice la dependencia haitiana y la dominación imperialista norteamericana, puntualizando la política de los Estados Unidos en Haití dentro del esquema estratégico de su política global y, sobre todo, de la región del Caribe en los últimos años.
STUDY OF SOME MINERAL WATER OF UVS NURSKOY AYMAK OF MONGOLIA
Authors: Ulziikhishig Ideree , Sukhbaatar Ivshinkhorloo , Battumur Tumursukh 
Published: April 2018

The article presents the results of studies on the current state, properties and chemical composition of some mineral waters of the Uvs Aimak, located in the west of Mongolia. The article presents the results of studying the mineral waters in different sums of Uvs aimak in Mongolia, such as Malchin Sagil, Tsagaanhayrhan, Umnugobi, Turgun, Tarialan, Zuungobi, Ulaangom and others. For each sample, 37 standard indicators were obtained using a conventional in hydro-chemical practice traditional chemical methods (weight and volume) and the highly sensitive method of spectrometric study of mineral waters. The results showed that the composition of 11 mineral sources referred to sodium and potassium groups of bicarbonate and the sulphate classes with weak alkaline conditions. According to research history of Uvs province, for the first time, in 1960, chemists O. Namnandorj, E.M Murzaev, and Sh. Tsegmed undertook research on Chandmani spring, Khar тermes spring and Givantin spring, respectively. But the chemists determined only contents of macro elements in their research. There are few research data of studying micro elements, dissolved gas and bioactive elements. The sources had a high content of sulphate ions. As compared with the results obtained in 1960, the mineralization of the most mineral sources tends to increase. The mineral waters studied differ insignificantly between each other in the relations of physical properties and chemical composition. We found that most of the studied waters belong to the first type of calcium group of the hydrocarbonate class, to waters with a weak alkaline medium (pH = 6.94-8.74), with a large mineralization (197.67-1577.25 mg/L) according to the mineral water classification system. The mineralization of these waters has a strong correlation depending on the content of cations Mg2+, Na+ + K+, etc., as well as anions SO42- and HCO3-.Forcitation:Ulziikhishig I., Sukhbaatar I., Battumur T. Study of some mineral water of Uvs nurskoy aymak of Mongolia. Izv. Vyssh. Uchebn. Zaved. Khim. Khim. Tekhnol. 2018. V. 61. N 4-5. P. 126-132
THEORETICAL SEARCH FOR OPTIMUM HOLD-UP IN A BATCH MIXER OF PARTICULATE SOLIDS
Authors: Mizonov Vadim E. , Balagurov Ivan A. , Berthiaux Henri , Gatumel Cendrine 
Published: April 2018

The objective of the study is to investigate how the hold-up of particulate solids to be mixed in a batch mixer influences the mixture quality and mixer capacity. It is known that a small amount of components (i.e., a small hold-up) allows reaching better quality of a mixer but leads to small capacity of a mixer. It is particularly appreciably when it is necessary to mix the components, which have a strong tendency to segregate into each other. In this case the perfect mixture cannot be reached, and there exists the optimum mixing time, at which the mixture homogeneity reaches maximum. This optimum time increases with the hold-up increase. Thus, from the mixing as such viewpoint, it is better to mix components not in big portions one time but in small portions several times. However, the total time of a mixing process consists of the loading time, mixing time and discharge time. The loading time depends on many factors such as a dosage device design, feeders design, and others, while the discharge time is usually much smaller. Thus, the mixer capacity is determined not only by the mixing time but also by the loading time at least. In order to estimate the mixer capacity at a required mixture quality, a cell model based on the theory of Markov chains is used. It is shown that the optimum hold-up exists that provides the maximum mixer capacity, and this optimum hold-up strongly depends on the loading time. Forcitation:Mizonov V.E., Balagurov I.A., Berthiaux H., Gatumel C. Theoretical search for optimum hold-up in a batch mixer of particulate solids. Izv. Vyssh. Uchebn. Zaved. Khim. Khim. Tekhnol. 2018. V. 61. N 4-5. P. 93-97
Target tracking with unknown noise statistics based on intelligent H∞ particle filter
Authors: Havangi R. 
Published: April 2018

SummaryIn this paper, the target tracking based on the H∞ unscented particle filter and the particle swarm optimization is proposed. The proposed algorithm combines unscented particle filter and H∞ filter to estimate the target state. Furthermore, to prevent the particle degeneracy and impoverishment, particle swarm optimization is adapted to optimize particles. The proposed method has the common advantageous feature that it does not need to know the noise statistics. The performance of the proposed algorithm is shown through Monte Carlo runs and its performance is compared with that of other methods.
Gold Nanorods Electrostatically Binding Nucleic Acid Probe for In Vivo MicroRNA Amplified Detection and Photoacoustic Imaging‐Guided Photothermal Therapy
Authors: Yan Nan , Wang Xiaojing , Lin Lin , Song Tingjie , Sun Pingjie , Tian Huayu , Liang Haojun , Chen Xuesi 
Published: April 2018

AbstractDeveloping a comprehensive platform which has both diagnosis and therapeutic strategies is necessary for efficient tumor treatment. In this work, a Fuel Improved microRNA Explorer (FIRE) probe with signal amplification capability is designed for sensitive detection of microRNA‐21 (miR‐21), which is upregulated in most tumor cells. Besides, FIRE could be loaded by polyethylenimine (PEI)‐modified gold nanorods (AuNR‐PEI) via facile electrostatic interaction, which could avoid the complicated processes commonly used to covalently conjugate nucleic acid probes onto AuNRs. The as‐fabricated AuNR‐PEI/FIRE system could efficiently distinguish tumor cells from non‐tumor cells. The fluorescence signals in MCF‐7 breast carcinoma and HeLa cervical carcinoma cells treated with AuNR‐PEI/FIRE are enhanced 7‐ and 4.5‐fold, respectively, compared with non‐amplification system. AuNR‐PEI/FIRE improves tumor detection ability in vivo and exhibits excellent tumor inhibition efficacy under the fluorescence imaging and photoacoustic imaging guided photothermal therapy. This is the first time to utilize the combined application of amplified nucleic acid detection and photothermal effect derived from gold nanorods together with PA imaging in a facile manner to provide a promising theranostic strategy for accurate diagnosis and tumor therapy.
Synapse‐Like Organic Thin Film Memristors
Authors: Zhong Ya‐Nan , Wang Tian , Gao Xu , Xu Jian‐Long , Wang Sui‐Dong 
Published: April 2018

AbstractExploring new type of synapse–like electronic devices with fusion of computing and memory is a promising strategy to fundamentally approach to intelligent machines. Herein, organic thin film memristors (OTFMs) are achieved, functioning as electrically programmable and erasable analog memory with continuous and nonvolatile device states. The memristive characteristics of OTFMs stem from the asymmetric electrode configuration and the cumulative charge trapping/detrapping in a polymer electret layer, which enables the state–dependent current modulation analogous to the synaptic weight change in biological synapses. OTFMs are demonstrated to successfully emulate the essential synaptic functions, including the reversible potentiation and depression, and the short‐term plasticity such as the paired‐pulse facilitation and the long‐term plasticity such as the spike–timing dependent plasticity.
Planar Diffractive Lenses: Fundamentals, Functionalities, and Applications
Authors: Huang Kun , Qin Fei , Liu Hong , Ye Huapeng , Qiu Cheng‐Wei , Hong Minghui , Luk'yanchuk Boris , Teng Jinghua 
Published: April 2018

AbstractTraditional objective lenses in modern microscopy, based on the refraction of light, are restricted by the Rayleigh diffraction limit. The existing methods to overcome this limit can be categorized into near‐field (e.g., scanning near‐field optical microscopy, superlens, microsphere lens) and far‐field (e.g., stimulated emission depletion microscopy, photoactivated localization microscopy, stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy) approaches. However, they either operate in the challenging near‐field mode or there is the need to label samples in biology. Recently, through manipulation of the diffraction of light with binary masks or gradient metasurfaces, some miniaturized and planar lenses have been reported with intriguing functionalities such as ultrahigh numerical aperture, large depth of focus, and subdiffraction‐limit focusing in far‐field, which provides a viable solution for the label‐free superresolution imaging. Here, the recent advances in planar diffractive lenses (PDLs) are reviewed from a united theoretical account on diffraction‐based focusing optics, and the underlying physics of nanofocusing via constructive or destructive interference is revealed. Various approaches of realizing PDLs are introduced in terms of their unique performances and interpreted by using optical aberration theory. Furthermore, a detailed tutorial about applying these planar lenses in nanoimaging is provided, followed by an outlook regarding future development toward practical applications.
Metasurface Enabled Wide‐Angle Fourier Lens
Authors: Liu Wenwei , Li Zhancheng , Cheng Hua , Tang Chengchun , Li Junjie , Zhang Shuang , Chen Shuqi , Tian Jianguo 
Published: April 2018

AbstractFourier optics, the principle of using Fourier transformation to understand the functionalities of optical elements, lies at the heart of modern optics, and it has been widely applied to optical information processing, imaging, holography, etc. While a simple thin lens is capable of resolving Fourier components of an arbitrary optical wavefront, its operation is limited to near normal light incidence, i.e., the paraxial approximation, which puts a severe constraint on the resolvable Fourier domain. As a result, high‐order Fourier components are lost, resulting in extinction of high‐resolution information of an image. Other high numerical aperture Fourier lenses usually suffer from the bulky size and costly designs. Here, a dielectric metasurface consisting of high‐aspect‐ratio silicon waveguide array is demonstrated experimentally, which is capable of performing 1D Fourier transform for a large incident angle range and a broad operating bandwidth. Thus, the device significantly expands the operational Fourier space, benefitting from the large numerical aperture and negligible angular dispersion at large incident angles. The Fourier metasurface will not only facilitate efficient manipulation of spatial spectrum of free‐space optical wavefront, but also be readily integrated into micro‐optical platforms due to its compact size.
Phase‐Field Model of Electrothermal Breakdown in Flexible High‐Temperature Nanocomposites under Extreme Conditions
Authors: Shen Zhong‐Hui , Wang Jian‐Jun , Jiang Jian‐Yong , Lin Yuan‐Hua , Nan Ce‐Wen , Chen Long‐Qing , Shen Yang 
Published: April 2018

AbstractPolymer‐based dielectrics are attracting increasing attention due to their high‐density energy storage. However, mitigating the heat generation in real capacitors has been a challenge. Here an electrothermal breakdown phase‐field model is developed to fundamentally understand the thermal effects on the dielectric breakdown of polymer‐based dielectrics in real capacitor configurations including the increase in the dielectric loss and the decrease in the breakdown strength. While both enhancing the thermal conductivity and reducing the electrical conductivity of the polymer nanocomposites can reduce the thermal effects, it is found that reducing the electrical conductivity is more effective. This work is expected to not only stimulate attention to the thermal effects in polymer‐based dielectrics but also provide a fundamental guidance to mitigate the heat‐induced deterioration of breakdown strength.
Tantalum Nitride Electron‐Selective Contact for Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells
Authors: Yang Xinbo , Aydin Erkan , Xu Hang , Kang Jingxuan , Hedhili Mohamed , Liu Wenzhu , Wan Yimao , Peng Jun , Samundsett Christian , Cuevas Andres , De Wolf Stefaan 
Published: April 2018

AbstractMinimizing carrier recombination at contact regions by using carrier‐selective contact materials, instead of heavily doping the silicon, has attracted considerable attention for high‐efficiency, low‐cost crystalline silicon (c‐Si) solar cells. A novel electron‐selective, passivating contact for c‐Si solar cells is presented. Tantalum nitride (TaN
x
) thin films deposited by atomic layer deposition are demonstrated to provide excellent electron‐transporting and hole‐blocking properties to the silicon surface, due to their small conduction band offset and large valence band offset. Thin TaNx interlayers provide moderate passivation of the silicon surfaces while simultaneously allowing a low contact resistivity to n‐type silicon. A power conversion efficiency (PCE) of over 20% is demonstrated with c‐Si solar cells featuring a simple full‐area electron‐selective TaNx contact, which significantly improves the fill factor and the open circuit voltage (Voc) and hence provides the higher PCE. The work opens up the possibility of using metal nitrides, instead of metal oxides, as carrier‐selective contacts or electron transport layers for photovoltaic devices.