bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Strength matters: Resisting erosion across upland landscapes
Authors: Heimsath Arjun M. , Whipple Kelin X. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractSoil‐covered upland landscapes comprise a critical part of the habitable world and our understanding of their evolution as a function of different climatic, tectonic, and geologic regimes is important across a wide range of disciplines. Soil production and transport play essential roles in controlling the spatial variation of soil depth and therefore hillslope hydrological processes, distribution of vegetation, and soil biological activity. Field‐based confirmation of the hypothesized relationship between soil thickness and soil production is relatively recent, however, and here we quantify a direct, material strength‐based influence on variable soil production across landscapes. We report clear empirical linkages between the shear strength of the parent material (its erodibility) and the overlying soil thickness. Specifically, we use a cone penetrometer and a shear vane to determine saprolite resistance to shear. We find that saprolite shear strength increases systematically with overlying soil thickness across three very different field sites where we previously quantified soil production rates. At these sites, soil production rates, determined from in situ produced beryllium‐10 (10Be) and aluminum‐26 (26Al), decrease with overlying soil thickness and we therefore infer that the efficiency of soil production must decrease with increasing parent material shear strength. We use our field‐based data to help explain the linkages between biogenic processes, chemical weathering, hillslope hydrology, and the evolution of the Earth's surface. © 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Transannular Hydrogen Bonding in Planar‐Chiral [2.2]Paracyclophane‐Bisamides
Authors: Henderson Will R. , Fagnani Danielle E. , Grolms Jonathan , Abboud Khalil A. , Castellano Ronald K. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractA series of [2.2]paracyclophane‐bisamide regioisomers and alkylated comparators were designed, synthesized, and characterized in order to better understand the transannular hydrogen bonding of [2.2]paracyclophane‐based molecular recognition units. X‐Ray crystallography shows that transannular hydrogen bonding is maintained in the solid‐state, but no stereospecific self‐recognition is observed. The assignment of both transannularly and intermolecularly hydrogen bonded N−H stretches could be made by infrared spectroscopy, and the effect of transannular hydrogen bonding on amide bond rotation dynamics is observed by 1H‐NMR in nonpolar solvents. The consequences of transannular hydrogen bonding on the optical properties of [2.2]paracyclophane is observed by comparing alkylated and non‐alkylated pseudo‐ortho 4,12‐[2.2]paracyclophane‐bisamides. Finally, optical resolution of 4‐mono‐[2.2]paracyclophane and pseudo‐ortho 4,12‐[2.2]paracyclophane‐bisamides was achieved through the corresponding sulfinyl diastereoisomers for circular dichroism studies. Transannular hydrogen bonding in [2.2]paracyclophane‐amides allows preorganization for self‐complementary intermolecular assembly, but is weak enough to allow rapid rotation of the amides even in nonpolar solvents.
A case report of systemic mastocytosis associated with multiple hematologic non–mast cell lineage diseases
Authors: Grifoni Federica Irene , Sciumè Mariarita , Pravettoni Valerio , Ulivieri Fabio Massimo , Muratori Simona , Fracchiolla Nicola Stefano , Tagliaferri Elena , Gianelli Umberto , Migliorini Anna Chiara , Cro Lilla , Pacilli Annalisa , Mannelli Francesco , Baldini Luca 
Published: March 2019

AbstractSystemic mastocytosis (SM) is a hematological malignancy characterized by extracutaneous infiltration by atypical mast cells. Together with indolent SM, aggressive SM, and mast cell leukemia, the World Health Organization (WHO) recognizes another major disease subgroup: SM with an associated hematological neoplasm, which is characterized by the presence of a concurrent neoplasm, more commonly, a chronic myelomonocytic leukemia. While KIT D816V is commonly regarded as the driver mutation, the clinical presentation of SM is extremely varied. Treatment of SM might not be simple, but now more specific therapies tailored toward prognostic subgroups of patients have been developed. Here, we report a detailed description of clinical management and biological features of a systemic mastocytocis case associated with multiple hematologic non–mast cell lineage diseases.
Hydrological impact of a reservoir network in the upper Gan River Basin, China
Authors: Dong Ningpeng , Yu Zhongbo , Yang Chuanguo , Yang Mingxiang , Wang Wenzhuo 
Published: March 2019

AbstractA few relatively large reservoirs, hundreds of small reservoirs, and numerous farm dams were built in the upper Gan River Basin, China. The operation of such a reservoir network can serve as a significant source of variability in the local hydrological regime and should be included in research to better understand the interaction between multiple hydrological processes and watershed management. In this study, a reservoir network module that included reservoirs of multiple sizes was developed and fully integrated into the coupled land surface and distributed hydrologic model system (CLHMS), for a detailed description of the hydrological impact of a reservoir network. A generalized release scheme was employed to determine the outflow of both large and small reservoirs. The integrated model was then evaluated against observations and reanalysis data, which indicate that the model can reasonably reconstruct the reservoir operation, streamflow, and other hydrological variables. Results quantitatively demonstrate that a reservoir network can result in an increased streamflow in dry seasons, a decreased streamflow in wet seasons, a generally larger groundwater discharge, higher groundwater level, a slightly damper soil condition, and a larger amount of evapotranspiration at the basin level. With the integrated model, it is feasible to achieve more sustainable watershed planning and management.
Does global inflation help forecast inflation in industrialized countries?
Authors: Gillitzer Christian , McCarthy Martin 
Published: March 2019

SummaryCiccarelli and Mojon (CM; Review of Economics and Statistics, 2010, 92(3), 524–535) propose an inflation forecasting model incorporating a global inflation factor and show that it consistently beats several standard forecasting benchmarks. We show that CM's global inflation model does not improve upon the Atkeson and Ohanian (AO; Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis Quarterly Review, 2001, 25(1), 2–11) naive benchmark. However, we find that augmenting the AO model with a global inflation factor improves forecast accuracy at longer horizons, supporting CM's claim about the usefulness of global inflation.
Herbal medicine as an auspicious therapeutic approach for the eradication ofHelicobacter pyloriinfection: A concise review
Authors: Ghasemian Abdolmajid , Fattahi Azam , Shokouhi Mostafavi Seyyed Khalil , Almarzoqi Ali Hussein , Memariani Mojtaba , Ben Braiek Olfa , Yassine Hadi M. , Mostafavi Neda Sadat Shokouhi , Ahmed Mohanad Mohsin , Mirforughi Seyede Amene 
Published: March 2019

AbstractHelicobacter pylori(H. pylori) causes gastric mucosa inflammation and gastric cancer mostly via several virulence factors. Induction of proinflammatory pathways plays a crucial role in chronic inflammation, gastric carcinoma, andH. pyloripathogenesis. Herbal medicines (HMs) are nontoxic, inexpensive, and mostly anti‐inflammatory reminding meticulous emphasis on the elimination ofH. pyloriand gastric cancer. Several HM has exerted paramount anti‐H. pyloritraits. In addition, they exert anti‐inflammatory effects through several cellular circuits such as inhibition of 5′‐adenosine monophosphate‐activated protein kinase, nuclear factor‐κB, and activator protein‐1 pathway activation leading to the inhibition of proinflammatory cytokines (interleukin 1α [IL‐1α], IL‐1β, IL‐6, IL‐8, IL‐12, interferon γ, and tumor necrosis factor‐α) expression. Furthermore, they inhibit nitrous oxide release and COX‐2 and iNOS activity. The apoptosis induction in Th1 and Th17‐polarized lymphocytes and M2‐macrophagic polarization and STAT6 activation has also been exhibited. Thus, their exact consumable amount has not been revealed, and clinical trials are needed to achieve optimal concentration and their pharmacokinetics. In the aspect of bioavailability, solubility, absorption, and metabolism of herbal compounds, nanocarriers such as poly lactideco‐glycolide‐based loading and related formulations are helpful. Noticeably, combined therapies accompanied by probiotics can also be examined for better clearance of gastric mucosa. In addition, downregulation of inflammatory microRNAs (miRNAs) by HMs and upregulation of those anti‐inflammatory miRNAs is proposed to protect the gastric mucosa. Thus there is anticipation that in near future HM‐based formulations and proper delivery systems are possibly applicable against gastric cancer or other ailments because ofH. pylori.
Ski‐related novel protein suppresses the development of diabetic nephropathy by modulating transforming growth factor‐β signaling and microRNA‐21 expression
Authors: Wang Yuanyuan , Liu Lingling , Peng Wei , Liu Huiming , Liang Luqun , Zhang Xiaohuan , Mao Yanwen , Zhou Xingcheng , Shi Mingjun , Xiao Ying , Zhang Fan , Zhang Yingying , Liu Lirong , Yan Rui , Guo Bing 
Published: March 2019

AbstractUnveiling the mechanisms that drive the pathological phenotypes of diabetic nephropathy (DN) could help develop new effective therapeutics for this ailment. Transforming growth factor‐β1 (TGF‐β1)/Smad3 signaling is aberrantly induced in DN, leading to elevated microRNA‐21 (miR‐21) expression and tissue fibrosis. Ski‐related novel protein (SnoN) negatively regulates the TGF‐β pathway, but the relationship between SnoN and miR‐21 has not been described in the context of DN. In this study, this association was investigated in vivo (streptozotocin‐induced rat model of diabetes) and in vitro (NRK‐52E model system under high glucose conditions). In both model systems, we observed reduced amounts of the SnoN protein and elevated miR‐21 amounts, indicative of an inverse relationship. These changes in SnoN and miR‐21 amounts were accompanied by reduced E‐cadherin and elevated α‐smooth muscle actin and collagen III levels, consistent with epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT). In vitro overexpression of SnoN in NRK‐52E cells downregulated miR‐21 at the transcriptional and posttranscriptional levels and repressed EMT and extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition. In contrast, knockdown of SnoN resulted in miR‐21 upregulation, particularly at the transcriptional level. We further demonstrated that overexpression and inhibition of miR‐21 promoted and suppressed EMT and ECM deposition, respectively, without affecting SnoN levels. Our results indicated that SnoN suppresses the development of DN as well as renal fibrosis by downregulating miR‐21, and therefore represents a novel and promising therapeutic target for DN.
Functional disruption of pyrimidine nucleoside transporter CNT1 results in a novel inborn error of metabolism with high excretion of uridine and cytidine
Authors: Wevers R. A. , Christensen M. , Engelke U. F. H. , Geuer S. , Coene K. L. M. , Kwast J. T. , Lund A. M. , Vissers L. E. L. M. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractGenetic defects in the pyrimidine nucleoside transporters of the CNT transporter family have not yet been reported. Metabolic investigations in a patient with infantile afebrile tonic‐clonic seizures revealed increased urinary uridine and cytidine excretion. Segregation of this metabolic trait in the family showed the same biochemical phenotype in a healthy older brother of the index. Whole exome sequencing revealed biallelic mutations in SLC28A1 encoding the pyrimidine nucleoside transporter CNT1 in the index and his brother. Both parents and unaffected sibs showed the variant in heterozygous state. The transporter is expressed in the kidneys. Compelling evidence is available for the disrupting effect of the mutation on the transport function thus explaining the increased excretion of the pyrimidine nucleosides. The exome analysis also revealed a pathogenic mutation in PRRT2 in the index, explaining the epilepsy phenotype in infancy. At present, both the index (10 years) and his older brother are asymptomatic. Mutations in SLC28A1 cause a novel inborn error of metabolism that can be explained by the disrupted activity of the pyrimidine nucleoside transporter CNT1. This is the first report describing a defect in the family of CNT concentrative pyrimidine nucleoside transporter proteins encoded by the SLC28 gene family. In all likelihood, the epilepsy phenotype in the index is unrelated to the SLC28A1 defect, as this can be fully explained by the pathogenic PRRT2 variant. Clinical data on more patients are required to prove whether pathogenic mutations in SLC28A1 have any clinical consequences or are to be considered a benign metabolic phenotype.
Differentiating axillary lymph node metastasis in invasive breast cancer patients: A comparison of radiomic signatures from multiparametric breast MR sequences
Authors: Chai Ruimei , Ma He , Xu Mingjie , Arefan Dooman , Cui Xiaoyu , Liu Yi , Zhang Lina , Wu Shandong , Xu Ke 
Published: March 2019

BackgroundThe axillary lymph node status is critical for breast cancer staging and individualized treatment planning.PurposeTo assess the effect of determining axillary lymph node (ALN) metastasis by breast MRI‐derived radiomic signatures, and compare the discriminating abilities of different MR sequences.Study TypeRetrospective.PopulationIn all, 120 breast cancer patients, 59 with ALN metastasis and 61 without metastasis, all confirmed by pathology.Field Strength/Sequence3 .0T scanner with T1‐weighted imaging, T2‐weighted imaging, diffusion‐weighted imaging, and dynamic contrast‐enhanced (DCE) sequences.AssessmentTypical morphological and texture features of the segmented tumor were extracted from four sequences, ie, T1WI, T2WI, DWI, and the second postcontrast phase (CE2) of the dynamic contrast‐enhanced sequences. Additional contrast enhancement kinetic features were extracted from all DCE sequences (one pre‐ and seven postcontrast phases). Linear discriminant analysis classifiers were built and compared when using features from an individual sequence or the combination of the sequences in differentiating the ALN metastasis status.Statistical TestsMann–Whitney U‐test, Fisher's exact test, least absolute shrinkage selection operator (LASSO) regression, and receiver operating characteristic analysis were performed.ResultsThe accuracy/AUC of the four sequences was 79%/0.87, 77%/0.85, 74%/0.79, and 79%/0.85 for the T1WI, CE2, T2WI, and DWI, respectively. When CE2 was augmented by adding kinetic features, the model achieved the highest performance (accuracy = 0.86 and AUC = 0.91). When all features from the four sequences and the kinetics were combined, it did not lead to a further increase in the performance (P = 0.48).Data ConclusionBreast tumor's radiomic signatures from preoperative breast MRI sequences are associated with the ALN metastasis status, where CE2 phase and the contrast enhancement kinetic features lead to the highest classification effect.Level of Evidence 3Technical Efficacy Stage 2J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2019;50:1125–1132.
Bio‐inoculant improves nitrogen‐use efficiency and cotton yield in saline soils
Authors: Khaitov Botir , Allanov Kholik , Islam Khandakar Rafiq , Park Kee Woong 
Published: March 2019

AbstractImproved nutrient‐use efficiency is important to sustain agricultural production. The goal of our study was to investigate the effects of Azovit® (Azotobacter chroococcum) inoculation of seed with N fertilization on crop yield, nutrient uptake, and N‐use efficiency (NUE) of irrigated cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L. cv. C‐6524) in secondary saline soil under continental climatic conditions of Uzbekistan. A randomized complete block design in a 4 × 2 split‐plot experiment was established in the fall of 2013. The main plot was N fertilization (0, 140, 210, and 280 kg ha−1) and the subplot was Azovit inoculation. Azovit inoculation consistently increased the seed and lint yields of cotton by 25 and 27.9%, respectively, at 210 kg N ha−1 compared to the respective control. Azovit with 210 kg N ha−1 significantly increased the cotton harvest index by 21%, when compared to the control. Likewise, nutrient uptake and NUE of cotton were higher when N (210 kg ha−1) was applied with Azovit, as compared to other treatment combinations. An extrapolation of the relationship of relative yield vs. N fertilization showed that Azovit at 210 kg N ha−1 was sufficient to obtain near‐maximum cotton production (90%) with highest NUE, as compared to the respective control. The results suggest that Azovit with 210 kg N ha−1 produces cotton yield higher and/or comparable with the currently used rates of 280 kg N ha−1 or higher, suggesting savings of 70 kg N ha−1 for cotton production in saline soils under continental climatic conditions.
Effects of ZnSO4 and Zn‐EDTA applied by broadcasting or by banding on soil Zn fractions and Zn uptake by wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under greenhouse conditions
Authors: Zhao Aiqing , Yang Shu , Wang Bini , Tian Xiaohong 
Published: March 2019

AbstractZinc biofortification of staple food crops is essential for alleviating worldwide human malnutrition. Agronomic interventions to promote this should include fertilizer selection and management. A chelated Zn source, Zn‐EDTA, and an inorganic Zn source, ZnSO4 × 7 H2O, were applied either by banding or by broadcasting in soil, and Zn fractions in soil and Zn uptake by wheat were determined in a pot experiment. Compared to ZnSO4 × 7 H2O, Zn‐EDTA produced higher Zn concentration in grain regardless of application method and even at a lower application rate. Residual Zn fraction was the largest Zn fraction with both ZnSO4 and Zn‐EDTA amendment. ZnSO4 banded in soil caused Zn fractions to be restricted to the Zn‐amended soil band and resulted in lower grain Zn concentrations than did broadcast ZnSO4. Planting wheat slowed Zn fixation by promoting the maintenance of a high concentration of Zn fraction loosely bound to organic matter (LOM‐Zn) in soil. Zn‐EDTA was a better Zn source for Zn biofortification of wheat than was ZnSO4.
The internal link of serum steroid hormones levels in insomnia, depression, and Alzheimer's disease rats: Is there an effective way to distinguish among these three diseases based on potential biomarkers?
Authors: Yang Xiao , Wang Zhenru , Zhang Qian , Liu Ran , Xu Huarong , Bi Kaishun , Li Qing 
Published: March 2019

AbstractInsomnia, depression, and Alzheimer's disease are all neurodegenerative diseases and are associated with the levels of steroid hormones. To investigate the internal connection and difference of steroid hormones among these three diseases and distinguish them from the perspective of biomarkers, an easy, quick, and efficient high‐performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry method was established and validated to determine six steroid hormones simultaneously in rat serum. The separation was accomplished on a SHIM‐PACK XR‐ODS chromatographic column with 0.1% v/v formic acid and methanol as the mobile phase and the detection was performed with electrospray ionization source in the positive ion mode. Based on the concentrations of steroid hormones, all the groups could be distinguished obviously from each other by using partial least square discriminant analysis. Meanwhile, 11‐deoxycortisol, corticosterone, and cortisol were identified as potential biomarkers and 100% of samples were classified correctly by Bayes’ discriminant function. These biomarkers were further screened by one‐way analysis of variance and cortisol was significantly different among all these groups. Bayes’ discriminant function was also built by cortisol and the classification accuracy was 87.2%. This workflow including determination of steroid hormones and discrimination among three neurological diseases would provide a basis for further clinical studies.
Market segmentation based on the environmentally responsible behaviors of community‐based tourists: Evidence from Taiwan's community‐based destinations
Authors: Lee Tsung Hung , Jan Fen‐Hauh 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThis study attempts to identify the profiles of community‐based tourists based on their environmentally responsible behaviors (ERBs) and discusses marketing and managerial strategies for sustainable community‐based tourism (CBT). The findings reveal that tourists can be categorized into four segments based on their ERBs: low‐ERB tourists, high‐ERB tourists, civil action and sustainable tourists, and multi‐ERB tourists. The implications of this paper can be helpful for elucidating tourists' implementation of ERBs and providing different managerial strategies for CBT. The study's findings contribute to the literature by shedding light on previously proposed but unexamined differences in tourists' ERBs in different stages of CBT.
Microbial community composition in alpine lake sediments from the Hengduan Mountains
Authors: Liao Binqiang , Yan Xiaoxin , Zhang Jiang , Chen Ming , Li Yanling , Huang Jiafeng , Lei Ming , He Hailun , Wang Jun 
Published: March 2019

AbstractMicrobial communities in sediments play an important role in alpine lake ecosystems. However, the microbial diversity and community composition of alpine lake sediments from the Hengduan Mountains remain largely unknown. Therefore, based on the Illumina MiSeq platform, high‐throughput sequencing analysis of the 16S rRNA gene was performed on 15 alpine lake sediments collected at different locations in the Hengduan Mountains. The abundance‐based coverage estimate (ACE), Chao1, and Shannon indices indicated that the microbial abundance and diversity of these sediments were high. There are some differences in the composition of microbial communities among sediments. However, in general, Proteobacteria accounted for the largest proportion of all sediments (22.3%–67.6%) and was the dominant phylum. Followed by Bacteroidetes, Acidobacteria, Chloroflexi, and Planctomycetes. In addition, the operational taxonomic unit (OTU) interactions network had modular structures and suggested more cooperation than competition in the microbial community. Besides, we also found that temperature has a significant contribution to the sample–environment relationship. This study revealed the diversity and composition of microbial communities in alpine lake sediments from the Hengduan Mountains, and describe the correlation between microbial community structure and different environmental variables.
Substrate‐integrated waveguide‐based slot antenna for 60 GHz wireless applications
Authors: Mungaru Nanda Kumar , Shanmuganantham Thangavelu 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe substrate‐integrated waveguide (SIW)‐based slot antenna is proposed for millimeter wave applications that is 60 GHz applications. The proposed design uses a microstrip feed for excitation, the crown‐shaped slot is used, and dimensions are 14 mm × 8.4 mm × 0.381 mm. The genaralized parameters of the antenna are reported, those are voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR), reflection coefficient, farfield patterns, efficiencies, and surface current. It has impedance bandwidth of 3.64 GHz by proper alignment of slot that is crown, and resonant frequency is 60 GHz and also included antenna prototype. The reflection coefficient, VSWR of measurement results are reported, and the percentage of impedance bandwidth of simulation and measurement results is 6.06% and 6.02%.