bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Protocol: Complementarity between informal care and formal care to adults: Knowledge mapping through a scoping review of the literature
Authors: de Matos Marta Osório , Bobrowicz‐Campos Elzbieta , Silva Rosa , Castanheira Francisca , Santos Diana 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis is the protocol for a Campbell systematic review. The aim of this scoping review is to map, describe and characterize the available evidence on the role that formal care might have in complementing informal caregivers role – romantic partners, parallel family members (e.g., [step]siblings, cousins or in‐laws) or descendants (e.g., the care‐receivers are [step]parents, [step]aunts/uncles, [step]grandparents or in‐laws) – when providing care to adults with acquired diseases (physical or neurologic) in domestic settings and will set the ground for future research on this topic. The scoping review questions are the following: (i) What is the existing literature on the complementarity between formal and informal care? (ii) Which are the types of formal cares' services/interventions that have been described in the literature as complementary to informal care, provided to the informal caregiver and/or to the adult being cared for? (iii) Which outcomes have been assessed in the caregiver's physical, psychological, and social health domains, and how have they been measured?
Patterns of Genomic Heterogeneity in a Classic Field Cricket Mosaic Hybrid Zone
Authors: Maroja Luana S. , Barradale Francesca , Espinoza‐Ulloa Sebastian A. , Bogdanowicz Steven , Andres Jose 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBarriers to gene exchange can be semi‐permeable; some genes are expected to freely flow across species boundaries whereas others, under divergent selection or responsible for reproductive isolation, might not. Genome scans in recently diverged species have identified divergent genomic regions, a pattern that has often been interpreted as islands of restricted introgression in a background of relatively free gene exchange (“genomic islands of speciation”). Areas of high differentiation, most located in the X chromosome (females XX, males X0), have been identified in the hybridizing field crickets Gryllus firmus and Gryllus pennsylvanicus. These species were assumed to follow an islands of speciation model, with highly differentiated areas interpreted as areas of reduced introgression. We sequenced the G. firmus genome to localize previously studied SNPs and sample a larger area around them in 8 allopatric populations (4 of each species). We use these data to test expectations for the islands model, in which non‐introgressing areas should have both high absolute and relative differentiation. We find that in the allopatric populations, the areas with high relative differentiation (mostly X‐linked), previously interpreted as non‐introgressing, do not have high absolute differentiation as would be expected under the “islands model.” We also show that the estimated divergence time based on nuclear DNA is about 4× older than that estimated based on mtDNA (800 K vs. 200 K years ago). We discuss the implications of our results for introgression into allopatric populations.
The Question of Thermoelectric Devices (TEDs) In/Efficiency—A Practical Investigation Considering Thermoelectric Heaters (TEHs)
Authors: Bayendang Nganyang Paul , Kahn Mohamed Tariq , Balyan Vipin 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThermoelectricity is a promising technology; however, though clean and versatile, its efficiency has been questionable and consequently limiting its extensive utilization. Many published research on thermoelectricity have been on power generation and cooling applications, with few publications on heating, especially practically. Thus, this article practically focuses on thermoelectric devices (TEDs) when used as thermoelectric heaters (TEHs). Sixteen identical TEDs (TEC‐12706) were operated as TEHs under similar test modalities and powered in succession with 12, 10, 8, 6, and 4 V, to practically examine TEHs energy dynamics and in/efficiency. It was found that all the TEHs used in the research performed relatively inconsistent with each other with the worst‐performed TEH (TEH0) having a mean hot‐side temperature of 30.276°C with a mean power consumption of 13.826 W; whereas the best‐performed TEH (TEH3) had a mean hot‐side temperature of 40.4°C with a mean power consumption of 20.822 W. Furthermore, all the TEHs hot‐side temperature increased proportionately with the input voltage; though at the specified voltages, the TEHs hot‐side temperature increased while its input power decreased over time. The concepts of TEH hot‐side mean temperature and TEH mean input power were also introduced.
Expanding Teacher's technological, pedagogical, and content knowledge with funds of knowledge: An exploratory STEM professional development model using video creation workshops
Authors: Tembrevilla Gerald , Milner‐Bolotin Marina 
Published: December 2024

AbstractRecent initiatives in the Philippines have underscored the significance of 21st‐century approaches to preparing K‐12 STEM public teachers to embrace technology‐enhanced pedagogies. This case study, part of a larger investigation, employed portraiture methodology to examine one science teacher's growth in technological, pedagogical, and content knowledge (TPACK) while integrating students' funds of knowledge (FoK) in a 4‐week science video creation workshop. The workshop trained the teacher as a learning doctor to diagnose teaching and learning impediments during pre‐ to post‐video production. Data included the teacher's pre‐ to post‐production video creation experience, reflections, and individual interviews. Findings indicated: (a) a gradual growth from a self‐assessed detached TPACK to an expanded TPACK, (b) concrete FoK integration, which served as a bridge to widen the teacher's TPACK, and (c) effective science video creation workshop, viewed through the lens of a science teacher as a learning doctor, offered explicit scaffolding to address teaching and learning impediments during video creation. The findings suggest that science video creation workshops represent an exploratory and innovative model for deliberate professional development (PD) in STEM education, particularly for teachers in rural areas. This model highlights the relevance of research integrating FoK and TPACK and offers a new approach to enhancing teachers' TPACK. The findings have potential implications for advancing PD for rural science teachers in the Philippines and STEM educators in rural areas globally, emphasizing the value of rural schools as centers for relevant pedagogical innovation in STEM education.
Therapeutic effects of curcumin supplementation on liver enzymes of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease patients: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized clinical trials
Authors: Ebrahimzadeh Armin , Ebrahimzadeh Anahita , Fooladshekan Sara , Mohseni Shokouh , Mohtashamian Abbas , Babajafari Siavash , Sohrabi Zahra 
Published: December 2024

AbstractCurcumin, as an antioxidant agent, has been proposed as a potential treatment for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The aim of the current systematic review and meta‐analysis was to summarize earlier findings regarding the effect of curcumin supplementation on liver enzymes and ALP in NAFLD patients. All studies published up to November 18, 2022, were searched through the PubMed, SCOPUS, and Web of Science databases to collect all randomized clinical trials (RCTs) on NAFLD patients in which curcumin was used as a treatment. A random‐effects model was used to measure pooled effect sizes. Weighted mean differences (WMDs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to report pooled effect sizes. Subgroup analysis was utilized to investigate heterogeneity. A total of 14 studies were included in this systematic review and meta‐analysis. Our pooled meta‐analysis indicated a significant decrease in alanine aminotransferase (ALT) following curcumin therapy by pooling 12 effect sizes (WMD: –8.72; 95% CI: –15.16, –2.27, I2 = 94.1%) and in aspartate aminotransferase (AST) based on 13 effect sizes (WMD: –6.35; 95% CI: –9.81, –2.88, I2 = 94.4%). However, the pooled analysis of five trials indicated that there was no significant association between curcumin therapy and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in NAFLD patients (WMD: −4.71; 95% CI: −13.01, 3.58, I2 = 64.2%). Nevertheless, subgroup analyses showed significant effects of curcumin on ALP with a longer duration of supplementation. The findings of this systematic review and meta‐analysis support the potential effect of curcumin on the management of NAFLD. Further randomized controlled trials should be conducted in light of our findings.
Sea Hare Hydrolysate Reduces PD‐L1 Levels in Cancer Cells and Mitigates Rheumatoid Arthritis Ina Collagen‐Induced Arthritis Mouse Model
Authors: Ryu Ji Hyeon , Song Min Seok , Nyiramana Marie Merci , Prayoga Anjas Happy , Cao Dang Long , Lee Gyeong‐Won , Kwon Hyuk‐Kwon , Kang Dawon 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTOur previous study highlighted the anticancer potential of sea hare hydrolysate (SHH), particularly its role in regulating macrophage polarization and inducing pyroptotic death in lung cancer cells through the inhibition of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3). These findings prompted us to investigate additional features of immune‐oncology (I‐O) agents or adjuvants, such as programmed cell death protein 1 (PD‐1)/programmed death ligand 1 (PD‐L1) inhibition and their association with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) risk, to explore the potential of SHH as an I‐O agent or adjuvant. In this study, we investigated the effects of SHH on PD‐L1 levels in various cancer cell types and assessed its effectiveness in treating RA, a common side effect of I‐O agents. Our results showed a marked reduction in PD‐L1 levels in multiple cancer cell lines and decreased PD‐1 and PD‐L1 levels in tumor‐associated macrophages. In a mouse model with collagen‐induced arthritis (CIA), SHH exhibited anti‐inflammatory effects comparable to methotrexate (MTX), a first‐line treatment for RA. Both the SHH and MTX groups had significantly lower arthritis scores and paw thickness compared to the CIA group. Additionally, SHH or MTX treatment effectively reduced elevated levels of anticollagen type II (CII) antibodies and proinflammatory cytokines (IL‐1β, IL‐6, and TNF‐α). Histopathological analysis revealed that SHH and MTX treatments notably mitigated arthritic inflammation, synovial hyperplasia, and loss of articular cartilage and bone. Micro‐CT scans showed reduced articular destruction in the SHH and MTX groups. These findings indicate that SHH treatment decreases PD‐L1 levels in cancer cells and reduces the severity of CIA by exerting anti‐inflammatory effects. Therefore, SHH holds promise as an I‐O agent without side effects such as exacerbation of RA.
Silent Information Regulator 1/Peroxisome Proliferator‐Activated Receptor‐γ Coactivator‐1α Axis: A Promising Target for Parkinson's and Alzheimer's Disease Therapies
Authors: Goyal Ahsas , Kumari Anshika , Verma Aanchal , Chaudhary Vandana , Agrawal Vaibhav , Yadav Harlokesh Narayan 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTOne of the key challenges in medical research is developing safe medications to treat neurodegenerative disorders. Increased oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and neuroinflammation are common features of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD). Silent information regulator 1 (SIRT‐1), part of the sirtuin family, plays a critical role in various physiological processes by binding to histones and nonhistone proteins. SIRT‐1 primarily mitigates oxidative stress and regulates mitochondrial activity by maintaining the deacetylated form of peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor‐γ coactivator‐1α (PGC‐1α), ensuring stable PGC‐1α levels. Research has shown reduced SIRT‐1/PGC‐1α expression in AD and PD models. Targeting this pathway presents a promising therapeutic approach for managing AD and PD, potentially leading to disease‐modifying treatments and improved outcomes. This review highlights the findings of various studies suggesting that the SIRT‐1/PGC‐1α pathway promotes mitochondrial biogenesis, synaptic plasticity, and cognitive function, as well as exerts antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory, and anti‐apoptotic effects, offering a potential method for AD and PD treatment.
Skeletal Muscle mRNA Splicing Variants Association With Four Different Fitness and Energetic Measures in the GESTALT Study
Authors: Donega Stefano , Banskota Nirad , Gupta Esha , Gonzalez‐Freire Marta , Moore Ann Zenobia , Ubaida‐Mohien Ceereena , Munk Rachel , Zukley Linda , Piao Yulan , Bergeron Chris , Bergeron Jan , Bektas Arsun , Zampino Marta , Stagg Carole , Indig Fred , Hartnell Lisa M. , Kaileh Mary , Fishbein Kenneth , Spencer Richard G. , Gorospe Myriam , De Supriyo , Egan Josephine M. , Sen Ranjan , Ferrucci Luigi 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundPhysical activity is essential for maintaining muscle mitochondrial function and aerobic capacity. The molecular mechanisms underlying such protective effects are incompletely understood, in part because it is difficult to separate the effects of disease status and physical activity. We explored the association of human skeletal muscle transcriptomic with four measures of energetics and mitochondria oxidative capacity in healthy individuals.MethodsUsing RNA sequencing of vastus lateralis muscle biopsies from 82 GESTALT participants (52 males, aged 22–89 years), we explored gene and splicing variant expression profiles associated with self‐reported physical activity, peak oxygen consumption (VO2 peak), muscle oxidative capacity (kPCr) and mitochondrial respiration (Mit‐O2 flux). The effect of aging on gene expression was examined in participants with low and high VO2 peak.ResultsThe four measures of energetics were negative correlated with age and generally intercorrelated. We identified protein‐coding genes associated with four energetic measures adjusting for age, muscle fiber‐ratio, sex and batch effect. Mitochondrial pathways were overrepresented across all energetic variables, albeit with little overlap at the gene level. Alternative spliced transcript isoforms associated with energetics were primarily enriched for cytoplasmic ribonucleoprotein granules. The splicing pathway was up‐regulated with aging in low but not in high fitness participants, and transcript isoforms detected in the low fitness group pertain to processes such as cell cycle regulation, RNA/protein localization, nuclear transport and catabolism.ConclusionsA consistent mitochondrial signature emerged across all energetic measures. Alternative splicing was enhanced in older, low fitness participants supporting the energy‐splicing axis hypothesis. The identified splicing variants were enriched in pathways involving the accumulation of ribonucleoproteins in cytoplasmic granules, whose function remains unclear. Further research is needed to understand the function of these proteoforms in promoting adaptation to low energy availability.
Dual Multi Scale Attention Network Optimized With Archerfish Hunting Optimization Algorithm for Diabetics Prediction
Authors: Suresh Helina Rajini , Anita Davamani K. , Chandrasekaran Hemalatha , Prabu Sankar N. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTDiabetes is a chronic disease that occurs when the body cannot regulate blood sugar levels. Nowadays, the screening tests for diabetes are developed using multivariate regression methods. An increasing amount of data is automatically collected to provide an opportunity for creating challenging and accurate prediction modes that are updated constantly with the help of machine learning techniques. In this manuscript, a Dual Multi Scale Attention Network optimized with Archerfish Hunting Optimization Algorithm is proposed for Diabetes Prediction (DMSAN‐AHO‐DP). Here, the data is gathered through PIMA Indian Diabetes Dataset (PIDD). The collected data is fed towards the preprocessing to remove the noise of input data and improves the data quality by using Contrast Limited Adaptive Histogram Equalization Filtering (CLAHEF) method. Then the preprocessed data are fed to Multi‐Level Haar Wavelet Features Fusion Network (MHWFFN) based feature extraction. Then the extracted data is supplied to the Dual Multi Scale Attention Network (DMSAN) for diabetic or non‐diabetic classification. The hyper parameter of Dual Multi Scale Attention Network is tuned with Archerfish Hunting Optimization (AHO) algorithm, which classifies diabetic or non‐diabetic accurately. The proposed DMSAN‐AHO‐DP technique is implemented in Python. The efficacy of the DMSAN‐AHO‐DP approach is examined with some metrics, like Accuracy, F‐scores, Sensitivity, Specificity, Precision, Recall, Computational time. The DMSAN‐AHO‐DP technique achieves 23.52%, 36.12%, 31.12% higher accuracy and 16.05%, 21.14%, 31.02% lesser error rate compared with existing models: Enhanced Deep Neural Network based Model for Diabetes Prediction (EDNN‐DP), Indian PIMA Dataset using Deep Learning for Diabetes Prediction (ANN‐DP), and Enhanced Support Vector Machine with Deep Neural Network Learning strategies for Diabetes Prediction (SVM‐DNN‐DP).
Danish cohort study of tympanic membrane retractions and manifestations of Eustachian tube dysfunction
Authors: Jensen Dennis Friis , Hill‐Madsen Louise , Holm Niels H. , Ovesen Therese 
Published: December 2024

AbstractObjectivesOur objective is to evaluate the prevalence of tympanic membrane (TM) retractions and management of signs of Eustachian tube dysfunction (ETD) in both children and adults following type 1 tympanoplasty or myringoplasty. Furthermore, to identify potential risk factors for developing ETD and TM retractions.MethodsRetrospective cohort study of 423 patients (5–86 years of age) undergoing 452 procedures. We extracted data from electronic patient journals during scheduled consultations to calculate prevalences and relative risks. The project was reported to the Danish Data Protection Authority, and access to electronic patient journals was approved by the Institutional Board of Gødstrup Hospital.ResultsAt 1 year postoperative follow‐up, the prevalence of TM retractions was 12.7% and ETD manifestations without a concurrent TM retraction was 4.2%. The graft failure rate was 11.0%. Risk factors for developing TM retractions included preoperative myringosclerosis, history of ipsilateral ear surgery, posterior perforations, and use of perichondrium graft. Conversely, previous contralateral ear surgery and temporal fascia graft use were associated with decreased risk. ETD manifestations were significantly increased in cases of preoperative bilateral perforation, history of ipsilateral ventilation tube, and traumatic TM perforation.ConclusionsTM retractions accounted for 12.7%, ETD manifestations without a concurrent TM retraction 4.2%, and graft failure 11.0%. The dynamic nature of these complications necessitates diligent follow‐up strategies.Level of evidenceLevel 4.
circEIF3I Promotes Colorectal Cancer Metastasis by Regulating the miR‐328‐3p/NCAPH Axis
Authors: Zhao Yali , He Yan , Xiao Zhiyuan , Xin Le , Deng Mingjing , Yao Mingxia , Huang Guan 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTColorectal cancer (CRC) is the most common gastrointestinal malignancy, with its recurrence and metastasis significantly affecting patient survival. Circular RNAs (circRNAs), a novel class of noncoding RNAs, have emerged as crucial contributors to CRC pathogenesis. However, the role of circEIF3I in CRC metastasis remains unclear. Quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR) was applied to assess circEIF3I, microRNA (miR)‐328‐3p, and NCAPH expression. CRC cell migration and invasion were determined via Transwell assays. Western blot analysis was utilized to define the protein expression of epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers and NCAPH. Xenograft tumor was established for exploration into the function of circEIF3I in CRC metastasis to the liver and lung. The binding between miR‐328‐3p and circEIF3I or NCAPH was predicted through ENCORI or TargetScan platform and ascertained through dual‐luciferase reporter assays. circEIF3I and NCAPH expression were found to be elevated in CRC tissues and cells, while miR‐328‐3p was downregulated. Functionally, circEIF3I knockdown inhibited CRC cell migration, invasion, EMT, and tumor metastasis. Mechanistic analyses revealed that circEIF3I can target miR‐328‐3p, while NCAPH was targeted by miR‐328‐3p. Furthermore, circEIF3I facilitated NCAPH expression in CRC cells by sequestering miR‐328‐3p. Notably, miR‐328‐3p inhibitor or NCAPH overexpression negated the effects of circEIF3I knockdown on preventing CRC progression in vitro. Taken together, circEIF3I elevated NCAPH expression by sponging miR‐328‐3p, thereby promoting CRC metastasis. These findings suggest that the circEIF3I/miR‐328‐3p/NCAPH axis represents a novel therapeutic target for CRC.
Rotoren zu Aromaten
Authors: Rieger Tobias , Fehn Thomas , Hofmann Alexander 
Published: December 2024

AbstractChemische Recyclingverfahren wie die Pyrolyse mit anschließendem Aufbereiten der Pyrolyseöle zerlegen Kunststoffe in ihre chemischen Bestandteile. Sie lassen sich wieder in den Produktionskreislauf zurückführen. Das soll nun sogar bei Verbundwerkstoffen möglich werden.
Lehren und Lernen in der organischen Chemie
Authors: Rodemer Marc , Bernholt Sascha , Giese Michael , Göttlich Richard , Lützen Arne , Graulich Nicole 
Published: December 2024

AbstractEin Forschungsnetzwerk bringt Lehrende und Wissenschaftler:innen aus Organik und Fachdidaktik zusammen. Es konzentriert sich auf die Hochschullehre und will basierend auf Best‐PracticeErfahrungen und empirischen Erkenntnissen der Lehr‐Lernforschung Empfehlungen erarbeiten, wie Lehre gestaltet werden sollte.
Trendbericht Chemiedidaktik 2024
Authors: Pohle Henriette , Rautenstrauch Hanne , Rosenberg Dominique 
Published: December 2024

AbstractInhaltliche Schwerpunkte sind Messtechnik und Sensorik, Synthese und Nachhaltigkeit. Mehr als zuvor wurde zu Katalyse geforscht. Ein methodischer Schwerpunkt lag auf Unterrichtskonzeption. Digitale Medien bleiben Thema; mehr beforscht wurden Schülerlabore, Versuchsprotokolle, künstliche Intelligenz und maschinelles Lernen.
Constraint‐Oriented Obstacle Avoidance Control for Autonomous Vehicles Without Local Trajectory Replanning
Authors: Yang Zeyu , He Jinhong , Hu Manjiang , Cui Qingjia , Bian Yougang , Zhong Zhihua 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTObstacle avoidance, as an indispensable part of the autonomous driving process, plays an essential role in safeguarding vehicular safety. The intricacies of the driving environment coupled with the uncertainties in vehicle dynamics render the formulation of an obstacle avoidance strategy a formidable challenge. In this study, a novel obstacle avoidance control is proposed for autonomous vehicles that eschews local trajectory replanning based on the principle of constraint‐following. Initially, trajectory tracking is achieved by formulating equality constraints on the vehicle's states, which are based on kinematic relationships between the desired trajectory and the controlled vehicle. By analyzing the geometric relationships between obstacles and the vehicle, the obstacle avoidance inequality constraints of the vehicle position are established. Based on a potential function, we transform the inequality constraints into equality constraints, thereby recasting the obstacle avoidance as a constraint‐following control problem. Subsequently, a closed‐form constraint force based on the Udwadia‐Kalaba (U‐K) approach and an adaptive law are put forward. Through Lyapunov minimax analysis, it has been demonstrated that the derived control ensures the constraint‐following performance. Finally, the Simulink‐CarSim co‐simulations are implemented. The results indicate that the proposed control guarantees the vehicle trajectory tracking and collision‐free performance.