bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pengembangan Perangkat Pembelajaran IPA Berbasis Keterampilan Proses untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis Siswa SD
Authors: Yusuf Mochamad 
Published: May 2019

The purpose of this research is to develop a learning package for Sciences Subject that can improve the critical thinking skill of the Elementary School Students. Therefore, in general, it can be categorized into a research and development. It can be done because of learning material with process skill to practice it not available. The learning package was developed by using 4-D model; defining, designing, developing, distributing. The subject in this study was learning material that will be tested in student of SD Raden Patah Surabaya. The result showed that learning material was valid, enforceability get good category with 100%. Student activites by using process get good too. The improvement of students’ critical thinking is consistent on 3 classes (IVA, IVB, and IVC), the significant and high improvement with the average of N-Gain of 0,75. The data of students’ responses showed that most of students (98,09%) are happy to the process skill based learning. Based on the results and findings of the research, it can be concluded that the developed learning package can be stated as a valid, practical, and effective learning package. The implication of the research is that the process skill based Sciences learning can improve students’ critical thinking skill.
Dukungan Penyuluhan dan Lingkungan Ekternal terhadap Adopsi Inovasi dan Keberlanjutan Usaha Pertanian Padi Organik
Authors: Gunawan Gunawan , Hubeis Aida Vitayala S , Fatchiya Anna , Susanto Djoko 
Published: May 2019

<em>The implementation of organic rice farming requires farmers who have different behaviors from the knowledge, attitudes and skills of farming that has been built up so far. The purpose of this research was to analyze the agriculture extension support, analyze the external support, and analyze the factors that influence adoption of innovation and the sustainability of organic rice farming. Research locations in Bondowoso District and Banyuwangi District, East Java Province. The sample of this study amounted to 224 respondents from 670 populations of organic rice farmers. The research method used surveys to get quantitative data and deepened with qualitative data. Analysis techniques with descriptive analysis and Structural Equition Model. The results showed that agricultural extension support in the low category. The indicators of extension subject, capability of extension advisor and intensity of agricultural extension in the high category. The indicator of variable external support such as policy support, farmers group support, and information access in th high category. The level of implementation organic rice farming in the indicators of economy, social, and environment aspect was in the high category. The factor that influence the adoption of innovation was agricultural extension support. The factors that influence the implementation of sustainability of organic rice farming systems were (1) innovation adoption, (2) agricultural extension support, and (3) external support.</em>
KONSEP FEE BASED SERVICES DALAM PERBANKAN SYARIAH
Authors: Cahyani Yutisa Tri 
Published: May 2019

Abstract:This article analyzes the concept of fee based services in Islamic banks. Islamic banks are financial institutions that provide various forms of transactions, one of which is to provide various types of transactions in the field of service or fee based service. This service service consists of various kinds of service products according to the type of contract. In terms of service, banks obtain revenue in the form of fee-based income service. Fee based income comes from costs intended to facilitate the implementation of transactions or financing. This service facility is provided to customers and non-bank customers. In this writing using a type of descriptive qualitative research. The limitations in this writing are focused on the concept of income of Islamic banks in the form of fee-based income service. Fee based income comes from administrative costs that come from transactions in transfer, collection, clearing, bank guarantees, letters of credit, and other payment services. These contracts in the concept of fee based income services include Al Wakalah, Al-Kafalah, Al-Hawalah, Ar-Rahn, and Qardh. الملخص: البنوك الإسلامية هي مؤسسات مالية تقدم أنواعًا مختلفة من المنتجات ، أحدها في قطاع الخدمات, تتكون الخدمات التي تقدمها البنوك الإسلامية من أنواع مختلفة من منتجات الخدمات التي تتوافق مع نوع العقدها من حيث هذه الخدمة يحصل البنك علىالدخل القائم على الرسوم. يأتي الدخل على أساس الرسوم من التكاليف التي تهدف إلى تسهيل تنفيذ المعاملات أو التمويل، تقدم المصارف الإسلامية تسهيلات الخدمات للعملاء أو غير العملاء. يشمل مفهوم الخدمات (الدخل المستند إلى الرسوم) في الخدمات المصرفية الإسلامية الوكلة، والكفلة، والحولة، والرهن، والقرض. Abstrak:Artikel ini menganalisis tentang konsep fee based services dalam bank syariah. Bank syariah merupakan lembaga keuangan yang menyediakan berbagai macam bentuk transaksi, salah satunya ialah menyediakan berbagai macam transaksi dibidang pelayanan jasa atau fee based service. Pelayanan jasa ini terdiri dari berbagai macam produk layanan sesuai dengan jenis akadnya. Dalam hal pelayanan jasa, bank memperoleh pendapatan yang berupa fee based income service. Fee based income berasal dari biaya-biaya yang ditujukan untuk mempermudah pelaksanaan transaksi ataupun pembiayaan. Fasilitas pelayanan jasa ini diberikan kepada nasabah maupun bukan nasabah bank tersebut. Dalam penulisan ini menggunakan jenis penelitian kualitatif deskriptif. Batasan dalam penulisan ini difokuskan pada konsep pendapatan bank syariah dalam bentuk fee based income service. Fee based income berasal dari biaya-biaya administrasi yang berasal dari transaksi jasa transfer, inkaso, kliring, bank garansi, letter of credit, dan jasa pembayaran lainnya.Akad dalam konsep fee based income services ini diantaranya adalah Al-Wakalah, Al-Kafalah, Al-Hawalah, Ar-Rahn, dan Qardh.
Demographic profile, clinical features, and outcome of peripapillary subretinal hemorrhage: an observational study
Authors: Zou Ming , Zhang Yi , Huang Xi , Gao Sheng , Zhang Junjun 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Background

To evaluate the etiology, demographic profile, clinical features, and outcomes in patients with peripapillary subretinal hemorrhage (PSH).

Methods

Thirty-eight eyes of 37 consecutive patients with PSH were enrolled in this prospective observational study over 4 years; all were followed for 2 years. The main outcome measures were demographic profile, possible etiology, clinical features, outcome, and prognosis.

Results

Sixty-eight percent (26/38) of eyes were in female patients; the mean patient age was 20 years. Only 1 patient (1/37) showed bilateral involvement. All patients experienced acute onset of PSH. All eyes were myopic and their best-corrected visual acuities ranged from 20/1000 to 20/12.5. The fundus features of affected eyes were classified into 3 groups: (1) PSH alone (4/38 eyes, 10.5%); (2) PSH with intrapapillary hemorrhage (17/38 eyes, 44.7%); (3) PSH with intrapapillary and vitreous hemorrhage (17/38 eyes, 44.7%). PSH occurred in nasal edges of optic discs with a crescent shape and dull-red color. All affected optic discs were small and crowded, exhibiting variable degrees of tilting. The cup of affected optic discs was narrower and deeper than that of normal control discs. Other ancillary tests provided no additional value. After a mean follow-up of 2.85 months, the hemorrhages resolved spontaneously without sequelae. Recurrence of disease was not observed in any patients.

Conclusions

PSH is common in myopic eyes with tilted optic discs. We suspect that these hemorrhages occurred as a result of abrupt movement acting on a morphologically vulnerable optic disc.
Retinal Function determined by Flicker ERGs before and soon after Intravitreal Injection of Anti-VEGF Agents
Authors: Terauchi Gaku , Shinoda Kei , Sakai Hiroyuki , Kawashima Makoto , Matsumoto Soichi , Mizota Atsushi , Miyake Yozo 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Background: To evaluate the retinal function before and soon after an intravitreal injection of an anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) agents.
Methods: Seventy-nine eyes of 79 patients that were treated by an intravitreal injection of an anti-VEGF agent for age-related macular degeneration (AMD), diabetic macular edema (DME), or retinal vein occlusion (RVO) with macular edema (ME) were studied. The RETeval® system was used to record 28 Hz flicker electroretinograms (ERGs) from the injected and non-injected eyes before (Phase 1, P1), within 2 hours after the injection (P2), and 2 to 24 hours after the injection (P3). Patients were grouped by disease or by the injected agent and compared. The significance of the changes in the implicit times and amplitudes was determined by t tests.
Results:
The amplitudes were not significantly different at the three phases. The implicit time of the injected eye was 31.2±3.2 msec at P1, and it was not significantly different at P2 (31.7±3.1 msec) but it was significantly longer at P3 (32.2±3.3 msec, P<0.01, ANOVA for both). The implicit time in the non-injected fellow eye was 30.5±3.3 msec at P1, and it was significantly longer at P2 (31.1±3.2 msec) and phase 3 (31.3±3.4 msec, P<0.01, ANOVA for both).
Conclusions: The results indicate that an intravitreal anti-VEGF injection will increase the implicit times not only in the injected eye but also in the non-injected eye soon after the intravitreal injection.
The Diagnostic Accuracy of an Intelligent and Automated Fundus Disease Image Assessment System with Lesion Quantitative Function (SmartEye) in Diabetic Patients
Authors: XU Yi , WANG Yongyi , LIU Bin , TANG Lin , LV Liangqing , KE Xin , LING Saiguang , LU Lina , ZOU Haidong 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Background

With the diabetes mellitus (DM) prevalence increasing annually, the human grading of retinal images to evaluate DR has posed a substantial burden worldwide. SmartEye is a recently developed fundus image processing and analysis system with lesion quantification function for DR screening. It is sensitive to the lesion area and can automatically identify the lesion position and size. We reported the diabetic retinopathy (DR) grading results of SmartEye versus ophthalmologists in analyzing images captured with non-mydriatic fundus cameras in community healthcare centers, as well as DR lesion quantitative analysis results on different disease stages.

Methods

This is a cross-sectional study. All the fundus images were collected from the Shanghai Diabetic Eye Study in Diabetics (SDES) program from Apr 2016 to Aug 2017. 19904 fundus images were acquired from 6013 diabetic patients. The grading results of ophthalmologists and SmartEye are compared. Lesion quantification of several images at different DR stages is also presented.

Results

The sensitivity for diagnosing no DR, mild NPDR (non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy), moderate NPDR, severe NPDR, PDR (proliferative diabetic retinopathy) are 86.19%, 83.18%, 88.64%, 89.59%, and 85.02%. The specificity are 63.07%, 70.96%, 64.16%, 70.38%, and 74.79%, respectively. The AUC are PDR, 0.80 (0.79, 0.81); severe NPDR, 0.80 (0.79, 0.80); moderate NPDR, 0.77 (0.76, 0.77); and mild NPDR, 0.78 (0.77, 0.79). Lesion quantification results showed that the total hemorrhage area, maximum hemorrhage area, total exudation area, and maximum exudation area increase with DR severity.

Conclusions

SmartEye has a high diagnostic accuracy in DR screening program using non-mydriatic fundus cameras. SmartEye quantitative analysis may be an innovative and promising method of DR diagnosis and grading.
Effectiveness and implementation of evriMED with short messages service (SMS) reminders and tailored feedback compared to standard care on adherence to treatment among tuberculosis patients in Kilimanjaro, Tanzania: proposal for a cluster Randomized Controlled Trial SMS reminders and tailored feedback through evriMED and adherence to TB treatment
Authors: Boer I. Marion Sumari-de , Pima Francis M , Ngowi Kennedy M , Chelangwa Geoffrey M , Minja Linda , Mtesha Benson , Semvua Hadija H , Mpagama Stella , Mmbaga Blandina T , Nieuwkerk Pythia T , Aarnoutse Rob E 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Background:
Adherence to Tuberculosis (TB) treatment is challenging because of many factors. The World Health Organization (WHO) has recommended the use of digital adherence monitoring technologies in its End-TB-strategy. However, there is paucity on its evidence in improving adherence. EvriMED is a real time medication monitoring (RTMM) device which was found feasible and acceptable in few studies in Asia. However, in Tanzania, there may be challenges in implementing evriMED due to stigmatization, network and power access, accuracy and cost effectiveness which may have an implication for treatment outcomes. We propose a pragmatic cluster randomized trial, to investigate the effectiveness of evriMED with reminder cues and tailored feedback on adherence to TB treatment in Kilimanjaro, Tanzania.

Methods:
We will create clusters in Kilimanjaro based on level of health care facility. Clusters will be randomized in an intervention arm, where evriMED will be implemented or a control arm, where standard practice Directly Observed Treatment (DOT) will be followed. TB patients in intervention clusters will take their medication from the evriMED pillbox and receive tailored feedback. We will use the ‘Stages­of-change’­model, which assumes that a person has to go through the stages of pre-contemplation, contemplation, preparation, action and evaluation to change behaviour for tailored feedback on adherence reports from the device.

Discussion:
If the intervention shows a significant effect on adherence and the devices are accepted, accurate and sustainable, the intervention can be scaled up within the National Tuberculosis Programmes.

Trial registration: PACTR201811755733759 at 8 November 2018 at https://pactr.samrc.ac.za/
Covariation among Root Biomass, Shoot Biomass, and Tiller Number in Three Rice Populations
Authors: Barnaby Jinyoung Y. , Pinson Shannon R. M. , Chun Jaebuhm , Bui Liem T. 
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACTBreeding for improved rice (Oryza sativa L.) root systems could improve crop yield by increasing water and nutrient uptake while also protecting the environment by reducing excess nutrients in runoff and methane emissions. Collection and measurement of roots is laborious, preventing direct selection for root biomass (RB) in large breeding populations. Tiller and root development are physiologically connected in rice where the root system is composed predominantly of nodal roots. Each tiller and its associated roots emerge from the same node on an originating stem. Here, we hypothesized that genes affecting tiller number (TN) also have sufficiently large effect on shoot biomass (SB) and RB that selections made on TN can be used to impart improvements in RB and SB. Associations among TN, RB, and SB were evaluated in three recombinant inbred line (RIL) rice mapping populations by first selecting subsets that were divergent for TN to determine if those contrasting RILs exhibited corresponding shifts in SB, RB, SB/RB, RB/TN, or SB/TN. Traits were measured in 6‐wk‐old potted plants. Selection for high vs. low TN resulted in corresponding shifts in RB and SB in all three populations, suggesting that it might be common for TN genes to also affect RB and SB through pleiotropy or linkage. However, further quantitative trait locus (QTL) study using 62 RILs of one population found instead that just one of the six detected TN‐QTL was co‐located with a RB‐QTL. Gene × gene interactions were detected, with TN selections causing larger shifts in RB and SB among a sd1 (semidwarf) subgroup than among the Sd1 sibling RILs in one of the populations.
Biosynthesis and Characterization of Silver Nanoparticles Using Phoenix dactylifera Fruits Extract and their In Vitro Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic Effects
Authors: Zafar Sarvat , Zafar Aiman 
Published: May 2019

Background:
In this article, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized by the biological green technique, using the aqueous extracts obtained from fruits of Phoenix dactylifera (date palm). This method is simple, rapid, non-toxic, and sustainable, and substitutes for the conventional physical/chemical methods. The cytotoxic activities of AgNPs derived from date fruit extract have not been mentioned in the earlier studies.

Methods:
The biosynthesized AgNPs are analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), UV-visible spectroscopy (UV-vis), and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) methods. The assessment of antimicrobial effect towards human pathogenic microbial strains and their potential cytotoxicity against human breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7) were also evaluated.

Results:
FT-IR spectral studies showed that phytomolecules such as carbohydrates, phenolic acids and flavonoids present in date fruits extract are involved in the reduction and capping of the AgNPs. UV-vis spectrum revealed Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) at 425 nm which attributes the presence of AgNPs in aqueous extract. TEM micrographs showed that AgNPs particle diameter is ranged from 20 nm to 100 nm with spherical morphology. The biosynthesized AgNPs exhibited significant antimicrobial activity towards human microbial strains. Phytosynthesized NPs also induce cytotoxicity via necrosis, apoptosis and mitodepressive mechanisms that can disturb the cellular components at various stages of cell cycle.

Conclusion:
The present study concludes that biologically synthesized AgNPs using Phoenix dactylifera is cost-effective, rapid, non-toxic, and sustainable and can be effectively used as an adjunct for the treatment of breast carcinoma.
Investigation of Blood and Urine Malondialdehyde Levels in Mice Exposed to Silica Dust
Authors: Gholami Abdollah , Golbabaei Farideh , Teimori Gholamheidar , Kianmehr Mojtaba , Yaseri Mehdi 
Published: May 2019

Background and Objectives:Occupational exposure to silica dust can lead to biochemical damage. Malondialdehyde (MDA) can be considered as a primary marker for measuring the level of oxidative stress in a living organism. This study was conducted in order to evaluate the level of MDA in blood and urine of mice exposed to silica dust.Material and Methods:In this experimental study, 72 mice (BALB/c) were randomly allocated to five exposed groups and 1 control group. Exposure of mice to pure 99% silica dust was done in closed containers. Blood sampling was performed from the heart of mice and urine sampling fulfilled by insertion into a metabolic cage. The RAOet al. method was used to measure MDA.Results:The highest level of plasma MDA in group 1 in the 4thmonth was 8.4±0.41 nmol/l and the lowest level of MDA was 1.3±0.2 nmol/l in the third sampling in the control group, also the highest amount of urine MDA in the first and second groups and 4 months after exposure was 1.16±0.51 nmol/l, and the lowest in the control group and in the third sampling was 0.48±0.06 nmol/l. A significant difference was found between the levels of MDA in all exposed groups at different times except for the 5thgroup with the lowest concentration (P< 0.05).Conclusion:MDA in blood and urine could be proposed as a good biomarker for the evaluation of biochemical damages caused by silica dust. Measuring MDA is also a simple and inexpensive method that does not require complex equipment and can be used as an early detection test for biochemical damages caused by silica.
The Effects of Investments in New Transport Technologies such as HSR on the Tourism Industry
Authors: Pagliara Francesca , Mauriello Filomena 
Published: May 2019

Background:The transportation industry and the tourism market are related to each other. Specifically a place with an efficient transportation system can be in general considered a good tourist destination.Objective:In this manuscript, the objective is to demonstrate whether the presence of High Speed Rail can affect tourists' choices of a given destination for their holidays. The case study of Italy has been taken into account.Methods and Results:An empirical analysis has been carried out with the help of a dataset containing information both on tourism and transport.The results, in the case of the number of overnights, spent both by Italians and foreigners, show that the main variables having an impact are the HSR and Attraction ones.Conclusion:This paper has found evidence of a relationship between High Speed Rail and tourism outcomes in terms of the choice of this transport mode by tourists as well as an effect is registered on the number of overnights spent by them.
Bisoprolol Versus Corticosteroid and Bisoprolol Combination for Prevention of Atrial Fibrillation After On-Pump Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery
Authors: Mahrose Ramy , Elsayed Ahmed M. , Elshorbagy Mohamed S. 
Published: May 2019

Background:The most common cardiac arrhythmia that happens after on-pump Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG) surgery is Atrial Fibrillation (AF). It is combined with several postoperative complications such as increased incidence of stroke, increased hospital stay and increased costs.Objectives:The aim of this study was to look for safe, effective, reliable and well tolerated tools for the prevention of atrial fibrillation after on pump coronary artery bypass surgery.Patients and Methods:The study enclosed 176 patients (the age ranges from 40 to 79 years) and scheduled for elective on-pump CABG operations without concomitant procedures. The patients were selected randomly into two equal groups. Group (A) in which bisoprolol was used to prevent atrial fibrillation after surgery. Group (B) in which bisoprolol and hydrocortisone were used for prevention of atrial fibrillation after surgery. For each patient, the following data were collected: gender, preoperative diseases, cardiopulmonary bypass time, intraoperative cross clamp time, Left internal mammary Artery usage, incidence of postoperative atrial fibrillation, death, myocardial infarction chest infection and C-reactive protein amount in plasma.Results:There was a statistically significant decrease in the occurrence of atrial fibrillation in group (B) when compared to corresponding values in group (A). Also, group (B) showed a statistically significant decrease in length of hospital stay in comparison to group (A). C-reactive protein concentrations on the 1stand 2ndpostoperative days were lower significantly in group (B) than in group (A). There were no statistically significant differences between both groups regarding gender, preoperative diseases, cardiorespiratory bypass time, intraoperative cross clamp time, Left internal mammary artery usage, death, myocardial infarction and chest infection.Conclusion:This study demonstrated that using bisoprolol and hydrocortisone combination showed greater benefit than the use of bisoprolol only for prevention of postoperative AF after on-pump coronary artery bypass graft surgery.