bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Increased mitochondrial fission of glomerular podocytes in diabetic nephropathy
Authors: Ma Yiqiong , Chen Zhaowei , Tao Yu , Zhu Jili , Yang Hongxia , Liang Wei , Ding Guohua 
Published: July 2019

Aims
Previous studies showed that abnormal mitochondrial structure and function were involved in the pathological process of diabetic nephropathy (DN). The dynamic mitochondrial processes, including fusion and fission, maintain the mass and quantity of mitochondria. Podocyte injury is a critical factor in the development and progression of DN. The present study evaluated the mitochondrial fission of podocytes in patients with DN.

Methods
We recruited 31 patients with biopsy-confirmed DN. A quantitative analysis of the mitochondrial morphology was conducted with electron microscopy using a computer-assisted morphometric analysis application to calculate the aspect ratio values. Immunofluorescence assays were used to evaluate protein colocalization in the glomeruli of patients.

Results
The urine protein level was significantly increased in DN patients compared to non-DN patients (P < 0.001), and the mitochondria in the podocytes from DN patients were more fragmentated than those from patients without DN. The mitochondrial aspect ratio values were negatively correlated with the proteinuria levels (r = −0.574, P = 0.01), and multiple regression analysis verified that the mitochondrial aspect ratio was significantly and independently associated with the urine protein level (β = −0.519, P = 0.007). In addition, Drp1, a mitochondrial fission factor, preferentially combines with AKAP1, which is located in the mitochondrial membrane.

Conclusions
In the podocytes of DN patients, mitochondrial fragmentation was increased, and mitochondrial aspect ratio values were correlated with the proteinuria levels. The AKAP1-Drp1 pathway may contribute to mitochondrial fission in the pathogenesis of DN.
Management of severe hypertriglyceridemia due to lipoprotein lipase deficiency in children
Authors: Poon Sarah W Y , Leung Karen K Y , Tung Joanna Y L 
Published: July 2019

Summary
Severe hypertriglyceridemia is an endocrine emergency and is associated with acute pancreatitis and hyperviscosity syndrome. We describe an infant with lipoprotein lipase deficiency with severe hypertriglyceridemia who presented with acute pancreatitis. She was managed acutely with fasting and intravenous insulin infusion, followed by low-fat diet with no pharmacological agent. Subsequent follow-up until the age of 5 years showed satisfactory lipid profile and she has normal growth and development.

Learning points:

Hypertriglyceridemia-induced acute pancreatitis has significant morbidity and mortality, and prompt treatment is imperative.

When no secondary causes are readily identified, genetic evaluation should be pursued in hypertriglyceridemia in children.

Intravenous insulin is a safe and effective acute treatment for hypertriglyceridemia in children, even in infants.

Long-term management with dietary modifications alone could be effective for primary hypertriglyceridemia due to lipoprotein lipase deficiency, at least in early childhood phase.
Book reviews by Rhys Stevens, Martin Chandler and Andrew Nicholson
Authors: Simpkin Sarah 
Published: July 2019

Carter, J. Chris. Introduction to Human Geography Using ArcGIS Online. Redlands, CA: Esri Press, 2019. 440p. $74.99 US. ISBN 9781589485181 (Print); 9781589485198 (E-book).
Maher, Margaret M. Lining Up Data in ArcGIS: A Guide to Map Projections, Third Edition. Redlands, CA: Esri Press, 2018. 272p. $39.99 US. ISBN 978-1-58948-520-4.
Price, Maribeth H. Switching to ArcGIS Pro from ArcMap. Redlands, CA: Esri Press, 2019. 172p. $49.99 US. ISBN: 9781589485440.
Crisis en la educación secundaria: ¿reproducir o transformar?
Authors: D’Antoni Maurizia , Induni Gina , Pacheco Xenia 
Published: July 2019

Resumen. A partir de la interrogante acerca de la existencia de una crisis en la educación secundaria costarricense, las autoras plantean en este artículo la necesidad de vincular el análisis de esta situación con el contexto social en el que se produce. Concluyen que sí hay crisis en la educación secundaria y que entre otras formas, se expresa en la exclusión, la violencia social y su reproducción en las aulas, el malestar de los educadores, la naturaleza tecnocrática y fragmentaria del currículo, todo lo cual provoca la ausencia de sentido de la educación, tanto para jóvenes como para educadores.
Se identifican algunas lecturas que sobre dicha crisis hacen diversas agencias sociales, por ejemplo, los medios de comunicación, el Ministerio de Educación Pública y las instituciones educativas. Se propone la construcción de un marco teórico desde el cual generar una lectura política y pedagógica acerca de la situación de la educación secundaria en Costa Rica, que propicie la reflexión y la toma de conciencia activa de quienes participamos, cotidianamente, en el trabajo educativo con los jóvenes.
Sentir y tener sentido
Authors: Malavassi Calvo Humberto 
Published: July 2019

Este artículo plantea, mediante una pequeña reflexión, que el desprestigio que tenemos los educadores y que nos hace aparecer como los únicos responsables del rendimiento académico y la formación humana, no es cierto; los actores del proceso educativo, no son sólo los educadores, sino los gremios, las instituciones superiores de educación, las instituciones gubernamentales y los hogares, principalmente.
Mediante una pequeña experiencia con 93 estudiantes de décimo del Conservatorio Castella que presentaban una conducta agresiva e irrespetuosa hacia la institución, se trabajaron cuatro sesiones, con la ayuda de una colega de la Universidad Nacional, para explorar, a manera de diagnóstico, cuál podría ser la causa de la resistencia hacia los profesores y la indisciplina que existía en esos grupos.
Se les pasó un cuestionario y se les realizó una actividad con un trabajo más personalizado, para que cada estudiante pudiera manifestar abiertamente cuáles eran sus inquietudes e incomodidades.
Al final de este diagnóstico, manifestaron, de una u otra manera, que la responsabilidad de la educación es de todos, y que si no le damos sentido, ni sentimiento a nuestros actos, estaríamos fomentando y promoviendo un clima cada vez más estéril y distante entre los diferentes actores del proceso educativo, pues se viviría en un mundo reservado a promedios, contenidos y memoria, en vez de desempeño y autorrealización.
Carta abierta a Hans Christian Andersen en el bicentenario de su nacimiento
Authors: Rubio Torres Carlos 
Published: July 2019

El 2 de abril del 2005 se realizó una doble celebración: el bicentenario del natalicio del escritor danés Hans Christian Andersen y el Día Internacional del Libro Infantil. Se considera a este autor como el creador de la literatura para niños contemporánea, por introducir discursos reservados, hasta aquel momento, exclusivamente para adultos.
La “Carta abierta” fue leída a estudiantes de la Universidad Centroamericana (UCA) en Managua, Nicaragua, en el marco del Festival dedicado a Andersen, organizado por la Fundación Libros para Niños con el apoyo de las embajadas de Noruega y Dinamarca. En ella, se trata de establecer un perfil biográfico de Andersen y se exploran posibles lecturas de sus cuentos, desde perspectivas educativas, psicológicas y psicoanalíticas. Concluye con una interpretación de Andersen como metáfora del entendimiento y el diálogo entre Costa Rica y Nicaragua.
Asimismo, este trabajo es la base para el suplemento Educare en el aula, el cual contiene ideas para la motivación a la lectura. Como complemento, se adiciona el cuento El porquerizo de Hans Christian Andersen.
Regional Dynamics of the Brazilian Amazon: between Modernization and Land Conflicts
Authors: Franco da Silva Carlos Alberto , Bampi Aumeri Carlos 
Published: July 2019

The Brazilian Amazon has undergone intense transformations resulting from geopolitical and ideological valuations in the service of productive-competitive integration of its territory in the national and international economy. State and capital affirm an appropriating rationality of nature projected in two vectors of occupation/modernization: techno-industrial and techno-ecological. The undergone problem is inscribed in spatial injustice as counterpart of capitalist expansion regarding land conflicts. The methodology is based on the theoreticalconceptual división of social injustices versus ideology of capitalist modernization of the Amazonian territory. The empirical treatment of the collected datasets unveils land conflicts through information obtained by the Comissão Pastoral da Terra (CPT), the DATALUTA Project, and the Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE). Thus, theory and empirical practices are unified in a regional dynamic analysis of the Brazilian Amazon in the last 20 years. The study emphasizes that the territorial policies of the State and capitalist forces (multinationals, agribusiness, mining, and logging) promote deforestation, violent conflicts over land and water, slave labor, rural redevelopment, demographic depletion of the affected rural areas, and accelerated precarious urbanization. The expansión of land conflicts and spatial injustices in the Brazilian Amazon results from the modernization of the territory.Highlights: Research article that seeks to unveil a scenario of intense modernization of the Amazon territory, in the last 20 years, which has caused the expansion of spatial injustices translated into land and wáter conflicts. The analysis considers recent information from the CPT, the DATALUTA project, and the IBGE.
EM DEFESA DE UM UNIVERSALISMO SÓBRIO
Authors: Kersting Wolfgang 
Published: July 2019

Em 1989, a era do realismo político chegou ao fim. &s condições foram modificadas de forma a substituir O modelo hobbesiano de paz pela intimidação que prevalecia até então, por um modelo consideravelmente mais desafiador, o modelo kantiano da paz pelo direito. Se, todavia, o paradigma de Huntington dadas civilizações em conflito estivesse correto, teríamos de esquecer Kant e lembrarmo-nos de Hobbes. A racionalidade pé-no-chão, a desconfiança sadia, a luta pela acumulação do poder e todos os demais instrumentos da caixa realista de ferramentas da prudência política são muito adequados para facilitar a autoafirmação política numa época de culturas violentamente conflitantes. No entanto, um tal desamparo não é bem fundamentado. Considerando-se que, desde seu início, o liberalismo é uma teoria do pluralismo religioso e ético, e que é bem -testada no trato de problemas do multiculturalismo, é ao menos possível argumentar-se em favor de um universalismo liberal fraco que forneça fundamentos normativos para uma ordem global baseada na convivência pacífica. Naturalmente, modéstia conceitual e moral é crucial. Se a doutrina dos direitos humanos deseja defender sua alegação universal em face da diversidade cultural (que se define como sendo interpretações diferentes do que seja uma vida humana boa, verdadeira e perfeita). ela terá de se restringir às condições pré-culturais e meramente naturais do ser humano e da coexistência humana. Essas limitações dão fundamento a sua força normativa. Nem políticas nacionais, nem concepções culturais do que seja a vida próspera e a importância existencial podem ser aceitas se contradizem os imperativos e as condições fundamentais do funcionamento puramente biológico do ser humano.
Venous thrombosis in children, adolescents and young adults with acute lymphoblastic leukemia receiving chemotherapy in the Republic of Belarus
Authors: Dmitriev V. V. , Migal N. V. , Bydanov O. I. , Lipay N. V. , Dmitriev E. V. 
Published: July 2019

Objective: to clarify the conditions for the occurrence of thrombosis and assess the effect of anticoagulant therapy on the survival and outcome of thrombosis in children, adolescents and young adults with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) receiving program chemotherapy.Materials and methods. The study included 592 patients with ALL received program chemotherapy from 2008 to 2017 in the Belarusian Research Center for Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Immunology (Minsk, Belarus). Of them, in 42 patients various localization venous thrombosis was detected at different therapy phase.Results.The cumulative detection rate of thrombosis was 7.5 ± 1.1 %. The use of pegelated asparaginase (PEG-asp) at a dose of 1000 IU/m2 in induction therapy increased the relative risk of thrombosis in the first 5 weeks of treatment by 3 times (relative risk 3.4; 95 % confidence interval 0.98–11.9), compared to patients not receiving PEG-asp. The cumulative detection rate of thrombosis in patients with the post-induction L-asparaginase (L-asp) 25,000 IU/m2 regimen was 14.7 ± 2.6 %, which was higher (p = 0.0536) than when using L-asp in other dosing regimens. In addition to ALL as the main disease, taking chemotherapy drugs, other risk factors for thrombosis (thrombophilia, the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies, a decrease of natural anticoagulants activity) in various combinations were in half (23 of 42) patients with venous thrombosis. Therapeutic dose of low molecular weight heparins (LMWH) 150–200 IU/kg received 30 patients. Reduced for the period of thrombocytopenia from 100 to 35 × 109/L for up to 4 weeks, a daily dose of LMWH was received by 12 patients. The dose of LMWH was reduced in proportion to the blood platelets count. After the recovery of the platelet count of more than 100 × 109/L, patients continued treatment of LMWH in a daily dose of 150–200 anti-Xa IU/kg. Reducing of LMWH dose during thrombocytopenia period did not affect the outcome of thrombosis (χ2 = 0.494; p = 0.78). Among 42 patients with thrombosis, 38 completed maintenance therapy, eventfree survival was 83.0 ± 8.0%, which did not differ (p = 0.654) from that (81.0 ± 2.0 %) in patients without thrombosis. Conclusion. The presence of venous thrombosis with the use of LMWH as antithrombotic therapy did not lead to a decrease in the event-free survival of ALL patients, compared with those without thrombosis. Reducing the therapeutic dose of LMWH did not affect the outcome of thrombosis in the analyzed groups.
EPISTEMOLOGÍA E IDENTIDAD CIENTIFÍCA
Authors: Choque Álvarez Rosa Teresa 
Published: July 2019

El propósito de la presente investigación radica en la revisión documental respecto a la epistemología e identidad científica, a partir de cuyo proceso se generó una labor de razonamiento reflexivo, crítico, e interactivo; que llevo tomar posición en el marco del estudio de las diferentes teorías sobre epistemología de la investigación científica y su relación directa dentro de la experiencia disciplinaria y profesional de las ciencias sociales, de este modo se toma mayor ahínco en el paradigma socio crítico en relación del resto de paradigmas existentes, ello en razón de poder defender la labor investigativa en el campo de la educación superior. Llegando a la conclusión de que es fundamental que los aspectos subjetivos de la investigación social puedan tener un mayor grado de validez a partir de los sustentos cualicuantitativos, que permitan a su vez abarcar un proceso dialógico en razón de la dinamicidad de la conducta social cambiante.
Pattern and management of penetrating and nonpenetrating thoracic injuries
Authors: Pal Naresh , Mishra Vineet , Jain Udit , . Poonam 
Published: July 2019

Background: Chest trauma constitutes a major public health problem which includes the injuries to chest wall, pleura, tracheobronchial tree, lungs, diaphragm, oesophagus, heart and great vessels. It consist of more than ten percent of all traumas and twenty five percent of death due to trauma occurs because of chest injury. Chest trauma is increasing in frequency in urban hospitals. Penetrating and nonpenetrating thoracic injuries the most serious injuries leading to significant morbidity and mortality.Methods: This study was prospective observational study of 220 patients of thoracic trauma both penetrating and non-penetrating. These patients admitted in general surgical units from August 2017 to May 2018 of Pandit Bhagwat Dayal Sharma, PGIMS Rohtak Haryana India. The study was pertaining to both penetrating and non-penetrating chest trauma.Results: Out of 220 chest injury patients who were studied during the said period, Males were 203 and females 17 by a ratio of 12:1 and age ranged from lowest 18 years to 85 years of age. Majority of the patients (90.45%) sustained blunt injuries. RTA was the common mechanism of blunt injury affecting (50.45%) of patients. Multiple Rib fractures was the commonest type of chest injury (21.36%) followed by head injury (17.27%). Head injury was the commonest associated injury seen in our patients. Conclusions: Chest trauma resulting from road traffic accident remains a major mechanism of chest injury. The measures to decrease the trauma are, educating people about traffic rules and regulations and strictly implementing them is necessary to reduce incidence of chest injuries.
Correlation of clinical, cytological, sonological diagnosis with histopathological diagnosis in cases of clinically diagnosed solitary thyroid nodule
Authors: Sachin Idoor D. , Omprakash Muruganathan , Amarendra Pasham 
Published: July 2019

Background: Thyroid disorders are highly prevalent in India. Clinical examination although very accurate, is inadequate in some areas. Ultrasound is most sensitive method for detection, while FNAC is most accurate method for evaluation of thyroid nodules. Both are used along with clinical examination but have drawbacks and final answer to this problem is elusive. Hence this study was planned to evaluate the usefulness of clinical examination, FNAC and USG in managing thyroid nodule.Methods: Hundred patients with clinically solitary thyroid nodule were included. USG and FNAC of thyroid were conducted. They were operated and specimen was sent for histopathological examination (HPE). Histopathology reports were correlated with USG and FNAC.Results: The commonest age group with thyroid pathology was 31-40 years. Majority of patients were females. All patients presented with swelling in anterior neck. Majority of patients presented between 6 months to 3 years. Consistency of nodule was firm in 88 patients and hard in 12. On USG, 70 cases were benign, 25 malignant and 5 suspicious while, on FNAC, 61 had benign lesions, 29 suspicious and 10 malignant. Commonest surgery was hemithyroidectomy. Most common lesion was benign follicular adenoma by HPE.Conclusions: Majority of patients were females aged 31-40 years with swelling in anterior neck. Duration of swelling prior to presentation was 6 months to 3 years. Incidence of malignancy in solitary nodule of thyroid was 18%. On FNAC majority of the lesions were benign. The sensitivity and specificity of FNAC was 74.3% and 100% while for USG was 73% and 85.3% respectively.
Laparoscopic choledochal cyst excision and Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy in children: a single-institution prospective cohort study
Authors: Xuan Nguyen Thanh , Thien Ho Huu , Thanh Phan Hai , Vu Pham Anh , Son Nguyen Huu , Thanh Dang Nhu , Vinh Nguyen Du , Hiep Pham Nhu 
Published: July 2019

Background: Laparoscopic cyst excision and Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy is gaining popularity as a treatment for choledochal cyst in children. The aim of this study is to determine the feasible and safe of the laparoscopic excision with Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy, and evaluate the short-term outcomes after treatment for children with choledochal cyst.Methods: A prospectively of 51 consecutive pediatric patients undergoing laparoscopic choledochal cyst excision and Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy performed by one surgeon cysts at Hue Central Hospital from June 2012 to December 2017 was studied.Results: The mean operative time was 214.7±67.95 minutes (range, 100~360 minutes), including the time for intraoperative cholangiography. There were two children requiring blood transfusion. Time to first flatus was 40.35±28.55 hours in average. The mean time to drain removal was 2.89±1.02 days. Mean postoperative hospital stay was 9.31±3.43 days. 6 out of 51 cases having early complications, including 2 cases of pancreatitis and 4 cases of bile leakage. Most of cases (90.5%) were classified as good after 10 days to 3 months of follow-up.Conclusions: Laparoscopic choledochal cyst excision and Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy was feasible and safe in children. The short-term outcomes were good in most cases.
Benign inflammatory myofibroblastic tumour of the nose: a rare case report
Authors: Mahipathy Surya Rao Rao Venkata , Durairaj Alagar Raja , Sundaramurthy Narayanamurthy , Ramachandran Manimaran , Natarajan Praveen Ganesh , Rajamanohar Vimal Chander 
Published: July 2019

Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) of the head and neck region are rare and benign and of unknown etiology. They mimic as malignant lesions both clinically and radiologically. It encompasses a spectrum of myofibroblastic proliferation along with varying amount of inflammatory infiltrate. Recently, the concept of this lesion being reactive has been challenged based on the clinical demonstration of recurrences and metastasis and cytogenetic evidence of acquired clonal chromosomal abnormalities. Here we report a case of a 16 year old male who presented with a swelling on the nasal dorsum for 6 months. MRI and FNAC revealed a spindle cell neoplasm. The swelling was resected completely under general anaesthesia. Histopathology with immunohistochemistry proved it to be a benign inflammatory myofibrobalstic tumour. Complete surgical resection is the best treatment modality for IMT.
Tatuaje: ficción interactiva de una pesquisa hipermedial
Authors: Medina Téllez Girón Andrea 
Published: July 2019

Las nuevas apuestas en la narrativa electrónica se estructuran bajo trayectos hipertextuales que vinculan una gran variedad de recursos, una imagen estática, un video, un audio, en los que se organiza la trama. Tal es el caso de la ficción electrónica Tatuaje (2015) de Rodolfo Jiménez Morales. La narración tiene una estructura policiaca, lo que permite el diseño hipertextual para que el lector-usuario siga desde la perspectiva del investigador, Rolo Martínez, su experiencia en la solución del suceso. Si bien el detective no está obligado a resolver ni a conocer el caso al modo de Holmes, sí debe comprender las pistas de las que éste se compone. Estas piezas son los diferentes recursos presentados en la narrativa a manera de indicios: audios, correos electrónicos, llamadas telefónicas y mensajes de texto. Este ensayo tiene el objetivo de mostrar desde el marco de interactividad el nivel de exposición e involucramiento del detective-lector con sus pistas en relación con su proceso de codificación-decodificación del caso-mundo. El propio usuario atestigua, a manera de reto, su habilidad en dar respuesta al caso, estructurar la secuencia de los eventos y poder explicarse a sí mismo su rol en un mundo hipertextual. Para ello es necesario revisar primero los conceptos de hipertexto, hipermedia e hipervínculo; segundo, los niveles de interactividad y tercero el análisis de la ficción electrónica.