bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Surface roughness effects on point contact elastohydrodynamic lubrication in linear rolling guide with fractal surface topographies
Authors: Li Linlin , Yang Jiajun 
Published: March 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to study the effects of surface roughness on the lubrication performances of the linear rolling guide, which provides theoretical guidance for its lubrication design.

Design/methodology/approach
The two-variable Weierstrass–Mandelbrot function is used to represent the random and multi-scale characteristics of the rough surface topography. The elastohydrodynamic lubrication (EHL) model of contact between the steel ball and raceway is built. The full numerical solutions of the pressure and film thickness are obtained by using the multi-grid technique.

Findings
The presence of surface roughness can cause the random fluctuations of the pressure and film thickness, and the fluctuations can become more dramatic for the rougher surfaces. It is also found that the film characteristics can be influenced significantly by the working conditions, such as the load, velocity and ambient viscosity of lubricants.

Originality/value
Characterization of surface topographies regarding EHL problems in the past studies cannot reflect random and multi-scale characteristics. In this paper, the fractal-based method is introduced to analysis of the point-contact micro-EHL. It reveals the mechanism and law of contact lubrication influenced by the fractal surface roughness and enriches the lubrication principle and method of the linear rolling guide.
Effect of laser surface texturing on tribological properties of polyimide composites in the application of traveling wave rotary ultrasonic motor
Authors: Liu Xiaoliang , Zhao Gai , Qiu Jinhao 
Published: March 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of laser surface texturing on the tribological properties of polyimide composites and the output performance of traveling wave rotary ultrasonic motor.

Design/methodology/approach
The surface texturing on polyimide composites specimens were fabricated by laser ablation process of different dimple densities, and then the tribological properties were tested by a flat-on-flat tribometer under dry conditions. Finally, the output performance of the traveling wave rotary ultrasonic motor was tested to verify the effectiveness of dimples surface texturing.

Findings
The results show that surface texturing can greatly enhance the friction coefficient of contact interface, especially the specimen with a dimple density of 7.06 per cent exhibited the highest friction coefficient among the specimens. When the input voltage is 500 V, the output power, locked-rotor torque and output torque of ultrasonic motor with textured PI of 7.06 per cent dimple density as friction material at the speed of 100 r/min increased by 13.8, 19 and 12.8 per cent compared to that of the untextured PTFE, respectively. When the ultrasonic motor reverses, the output performance is increased by 20.9, 40.3 and 17.7 per cent, respectively.

Originality/value
Surface texturing is an effective way to improve the friction behavior of polyimide composites and then correspondingly enhance the energy conversion efficiency and output performance of the traveling wave rotary ultrasonic motor.
Evaluation of parameters for application of Laser Surface Texturing (LST) in tooling for the sheet-metal forming process
Authors: Taha-Tijerina José Jaime , Garza GerardoTadeo , Maldonado-Cortés Demófilo 
Published: March 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the effects of microcavities, diameter and depth, in tribological performance, of the application of laser surface texturing (LST) and LST gradient (LSTG) techniques, to understand and define the critical parameters of these techniques in sheet-metal forming tools.

Design/methodology/approach
The paper studies the effect of studied critical parameters of LST and LSTG techniques, on block-on-ring configuration for tribology evaluation. Experimental design parameters for LST and LSTG are proposed and evaluated for the best tribology performance (COF and wear).

Findings
The results show that the application of optimized LST process could represent a 42 per cent improvement on the COF and up to 86 per cent enhancement in the COF results for the LSTG application.

Practical implications
The results show that LST and LSTG techniques present significant positive effects on the tribological properties of sheet-metal forming materials.

Originality/value
This demonstrates the potential of LST technique applied to industrial tooling, and the LSTG pattern which further increases the benefits obtained with the LST technique, particularly in which friction and wear areas are critical. A response surface map is developed to determine the control parameters which are useful for the tooling design. These techniques could be used for metal-forming applications like deep-drawing, achieving an increased tool life.
Cost-efficient long-term estimation of gear oil filterability considering stresses in service
Authors: Burghardt Gero , Flórez Andrew , Jacobs Georg 
Published: March 2018

Purpose
Wear particles and contaminants are known to reduce lifetime of machine elements such as roller bearings. This can be avoided through fine filtration. However, oil filterability can change in service, and in case of exceeding the maximum pressure at the filter, contaminated oil can flow through a bypass, threatening the function of the lubricated components. The purpose of this study is to provide a cost-efficient method to estimate the long-term oil fine filterability.

Design/methodology/approach
The estimation of long-term oil fine filterability takes place in two steps. In the first step, oil in its original condition is subjected to different stresses to reproduce changes experienced in service within a relatively short period of time. In the second step, the resulting oil is subjected to filterability tests. Existing test methods were adapted to produce realistic oil changes and deliver a realistic evaluation of filterability.

Findings
Oils produced using metal-catalyzed thermal-oxidative stresses and humid air are similar to real oil samples from the point of view of nuclear magnetic resonance oil analyses and filterability tests. Test conditions suitable for highly viscous gear oils were derived considering operation at low and high temperatures.

Originality/value
The test method provides an estimate of deterioration of oil filterability in service through a comparison between the filterability of oil in original condition and the filterability of an artificially produced oil.
Institutional framework in developing economies
Authors: Okello Candiya Bongomin George , Akol Malinga Charles , Munene John C. , Mpeera Ntayi Joseph 
Published: March 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to establish the relationship between institutional framework of regulative (formal rules), normative (informal norms) and cultural-cognitive (cognition), and their effects on financial intermediation by microfinance deposit taking institutions (MDIs) in developing economies like Uganda.Design/methodology/approachData collected from a total sample of 400 poor households and 40 relationship officers located in rural Uganda were processed using statistical package for social sciences and analysis of moment structures to establish the relationship between institutional framework of regulative, normative and cultural-cognitive, and their effects on financial intermediation by MDIs in developing economies.FindingsThe results showed that the three dimensions of regulative (formal rules), normative (informal norms) and cultural-cognitive (cognition) significantly affect financial intermediation by MDIs in developing economies like Uganda. In addition, as a unique finding, two new dimensions of procedural and declarative cognition emerged from cultural-cognitive framework to determine financial intermediation among MDIs in developing economies, specifically in Uganda.Research limitations/implicationsThe study collected data from only poor households and relationship officers located in rural Uganda. It ignored peri-urban and urban areas in Uganda. In addition, the study focused only on MDIs and ignored other financial institutions. Besides, the study was purely quantitative, therefore, further research through interviews may be useful in future. Furthermore, the study was carried out in rural Uganda as a developing economy. Thus, future research using the same variables in other developing economies may be useful.Practical implicationsManagers of financial institutions and policy makers should know that market functions of financial intermediaries in developing economies are promoted by institutional framework of regulative, normative and procedural and declarative cognition that lowers transaction cost and promotes information sharing. Therefore, more efforts should be directed towards strengthening the existing institutional framework of regulative, normative and cognition to promote financial intermediation by financial institutions such as MDIs.Originality/valueThis paper is the first to test the relationship between institutional framework and their effects on financial intermediation by MDIs in developing economies. The results revealed existence of two new factor structures of procedural and declarative cognition in explaining financial intermediation by MDIs in developing economies like Uganda. This is sparse in financial intermediation literature and theory.
Household leverage and consumption during the Great Depression
Authors: Abildgren Kim 
Published: March 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to explore the impact of household leverage on consumption in Denmark during the Great Depression in the 1930s.

Design/methodology/approach
A range of consumption functions are estimated on the basis of household-level data from the Expenditure and Saving Survey of 1931.

Findings
The estimations show significant negative marginal effects of various measures of leverage on homeowners’ non-durable consumption. The magnitude of the estimated effects suggests that leverage contributed significantly to the economic downturn during the Great Depression by depressing consumer spending of homeowners.

Practical implications
Gross debt levels of homeowners are not only of direct importance for financial stability but also have implications for macroeconomic stability, which again might affect the stability of the financial system. These findings seem to be in line with the focus on household leverage in the macroprudential oversight performed by regulators and central banks in many countries.

Originality/value
This paper is the first study of the leverage channel in the private consumption function using household micro data from the Great Depression.
Impact of regulatory reforms on compliance with mandatory disclosures by savings and credit co-operatives in Kenya
Authors: Mathuva David Mutua , Chong H. Gin 
Published: March 2018

Purpose
This paper aims to utilize institutional theory to examine the impact of the 2008-2010 regulatory reforms on compliance with mandatory disclosures by savings and credit co-operatives (SACCOs) in Kenya.

Design/methodology/approach
Two-stage least squares panel regression approach is utilized to analyse data covering 1,272 firm-year observations for 212 SACCOs over a six-year period, 2008-2013. An analysis of the pre- and post-regulation impacts on compliance with mandatory disclosure requirements is also performed.

Findings
The results, which are in support of the institutional theory, reveal that licensed SACCOs engage in higher compliance with mandatory disclosures, and this improves from the pre- to the post-regulation period. The results show that SACCOs under inquiry engage in lower compliance with mandatory disclosure requirements, especially in the post-regulation period. The findings also reveal a significant and positive association between SACCO size, co-operative governance and compliance with mandatory disclosure requirements.

Research limitations/implications
The study focuses on transition-level SACCOs in a single country. An extension into other jurisdictions with nascent, transitional and mature SACCOs would provide greater insights into the impact of disclosure regulation. Further, the study uses a self-constructed disclosure checklist which is subject to coding errors and biases.

Practical implications
The findings highlight the need for SACCO regulators and accounting professional body to devise incentives to improve the level of compliance with required disclosures.

Originality/value
The study contributes to the dearth of evidence on the efficacy of the introduction of mandatory disclosure requirements in a developing country where compliance is problematic because of difficulties with enforcement.
A game theoretic approach to optimal pricing of flights and passengers at congested airports
Authors: Taleizadeh Ata Allah , Jalali Moeen Sammak , Sana Shib Sankar 
Published: March 2018

Purpose
This paper aims to embark a mathematical model based on investigation and comparison of airport pricing policies under various types of competition, considering both per-passenger and per-flight charges at congested airports.

Design/methodology/approach
In this model, four-game theoretic strategies are assessed and closed-form formulas have been proved for each of the mentioned strategies. Numerical examples and graphical representations of the optimal solutions are provided to illustrate the models.

Findings
The rectitude of the presented formulas is evaluated with sensitivity analysis and numerical examples have been put forward. Finally, managerial implications are suggested by means of the proposed analysis.

Research limitations/implications
The represented model is inherently limited to investigate all the available and influential factors in the field of congestion pricing. With this regard, several studies can be implemented as the future research of this study. The applications of other game theoretic approaches such as Cartel games and its combination with the four mentioned games seem to be worthwhile. Moreover, it is recommended to investigate the effectiveness of the proposed model and formulations with a large-scale database.

Originality/value
The authors formulate a novel strategy that put forwards a four-game theoretic strategy, which helps managers to select the best suitable ones for their specific airline and/or air traveling companies. The authors find that by means of the proposed model, the application of Stackelberg–Bertrand behavior in the field of airport congestion pricing will rebound to a more profitable strategy in contrast with the other three represented methods.
Toward a national participation index for developing countries in the global value chains
Authors: Ahmed Faisal , Kumar Pravin 
Published: March 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to identify factors which influence participation of developing countries in the global value chains (GVC) and to present a mathematical modeling technique to calculate a “National Participation Index of a developing country in the GVC” (hereinafter referred to as G-NPI).Design/methodology/approachThe paper identifies 17 factors, encompassing both country-specific and firm-specific considerations that influence a developing countries’ participation in the GVCs. These factors have been grouped into four sets of enablers, namely, macroeconomic, geo-economic, strategic and geopolitical. The national participation index (G-NPI) has been calculated using the graph theoretic modeling approach.FindingsBesides identifying the factors of a developing country’s participation in the GVC and grouping them as enablers, the paper considers the case of India as an example and assesses the level of interactions within (i.e. among various factors of a given enabler) and among these enablers (leading to a G-NPI value) using graph theory.Practical implicationsThe findings can be used to calculate G-NPI for different countries to ascertain their potential for participation and also to find the factors(s) which may be deterring their participation in the GVCs.Social implicationsThis paper can help in policy advocacy to enhance the competitiveness of developing countries and consequently to improve the life of their consumers.Originality/valueThis paper introduces the concept of G-NPI and presents a unique way of assessing a developing country’s participation in the GVCs through a mathematical modeling approach.
Procedural fairness concerns in supply chain with retailer promotional effort
Authors: Nie Tengfei , Liu Hualin , Dong Yilun , Du Shaofu 
Published: March 2018

PurposeThe existing literature has a lack of modeling of procedural fairness concerns in the supply chain level. This paper aims to investigate how procedural fairness concerns affect channel decisions, performance and coordination.Design/methodology/approachThis paper considers a supply chain consisting of one supplier and one retailer who have procedural fairness concerns in a classic Stackelberg game setting. The model is set in sales promotional environment. According to the existing literature, engagement is used to depict fair process. Some findings are made through analyzing respective decisions of the supplier and the retailer under the influence of procedural fairness concerns.FindingsThe results show that the channel efficiency can be improved when the retailer exhibits procedural fairness concerns, but if the aversion to unfair process exceeds a certain threshold, the retailer cannot benefit from it. Besides, the retailer profits more when he cares about distributional fairness, although the whole channel surplus can be improved by procedural fairness concerns.Originality/valueThis is the first paper to study the influences of procedural fairness concerns on supply chain decisions and channel performance. Finally, a mechanism combining a wholesale price contract with slotting allowances is proposed to coordinate the supply chain.
Knowledge strategy, sharing behavior and performance
Authors: Singh Pooja K. 
Published: March 2018

PurposeThe study aims to examine the effect of knowledge management strategy (KMS) on knowledge-sharing behavior (KSB) and its subsequent effect on knowledge performance (KP). It also throws light on the mediating role of KM enablers (KMEs) and KSB.Design/methodology/approachIn purview of previous literature, several hypotheses were framed. Structural equation modeling (SEM) using SPSS 20, PROCESS macro and AMOS 20 was used to examine the research hypotheses in a sample of empirical data collected from 350 employees of information technology (IT) service provider firms.FindingsThis paper empirically proves the existence of mediation effect of the proposed mediators (KME, KSB) between predictors (KMS, KSB) and outcomes (KSB, KP) in different hypothesized relationships. Result provides empirical evidence toward the positive influence of KMS dimensions (internal-oriented KMS, external-oriented KMS) on KSB and also confirms the influence of KSB on KP.Research limitations/implicationsThis study examines the effect of KMS and KSB on KP with reference to the IT sector, thereby limiting generalization to other sectors. Practical and managerial implications have been discussed in the later sections of the study.Originality/valueThis study adds value to the existing KM literature by adjoining the links among knowledge strategy, sharing behavior and performance.
The potential of plant microbiota in reducing postharvest food loss
Authors: Buchholz Franziska , Kostić Tanja , Sessitsch Angela , Mitter Birgit 
Published: March 2018

SummaryThe role of the plant microbiota in plant establishment, growth and health is well studied, but the dynamics of postharvest crop microbiota and its role in postharvest crop quality are largely unexplored, although food loss is an enormous issue worldwide. The microbiota might be especially important during crop storage by either preventing or favouring rots, or quality loss due to, for example, sprouting, saccharification, water loss or spoilage. We need more research on plant–microbe interactions in postharvest crops to be in future able to provide microbial solutions for plant production along the whole food chain from field to fork.
Prognostic role of circulating tumor cells in patients with EGFR‐mutated or ALK‐rearranged non‐small cell lung cancer
Authors: Tong Bing , Xu Yan , Zhao Jing , Chen Minjiang , Zhong Wei , Xing Jia , Wang Mengzhao 
Published: March 2018

BackgroundCirculating tumor cell (CTC) counts at baseline and follow‐up are an independent prognostic factor in patients receiving standard chemotherapy for non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This study further explored the role of CTCs in EGFR‐mutated and ALK‐rearranged NSCLC patients administered targeted therapies as first‐line treatment.MethodsCTCs were enumerated with a novel high‐efficiency detection method from the blood of 43 patients with EGFR‐mutated or ALK‐rearranged NSCLC at baseline and at disease‐progression. Patients were stratified into favorable and unfavorable groups with baseline CTC counts of < 8 or ≥ 8 CTCs/3.2 mL, respectively.ResultsA total of 76.7% of the patients were positive for ≥ 2 CTCs /3.2 ml blood at baseline. The median progression‐free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) rates of the favorable compared to the unfavorable group were longer (11.6 vs. 8.5 months, P = 0.004 for PFS; 21.00 vs. 17.7 months, P = 0.013 for OS). Multivariate analysis demonstrated that baseline CTC count was a strong predictor of PFS (hazard ratio 2.835; 95% confidence interval 1.240–6.483; P = 0.014) and OS (hazard ratio 3.317; 95% confidence interval 1.360–8.092; P = 0.008).ConclusionBaseline CTC count could be a predictive biomarker for EGFR‐mutated and ALK‐rearranged NSCLCs, which allows for better guidance and monitoring of patients over the course of molecular targeted therapies.
Body fat reduction without cardiovascular changes in mice after oral treatment with the MAO inhibitor phenelzine
Authors: Carpéné Christian , Mercader Josep , Le Gonidec Sophie , Schaak Stéphane , Mialet‐Perez Jeanne , Zakaroff‐Girard Alexia , Galitzky Jean 
Published: March 2018

Background and PurposePhenelzine is an antidepressant drug known to increase the risk of hypertensive crisis when dietary tyramine is not restricted. However, this MAO inhibitor inhibits other enzymes not limited to the nervous system. Here we investigated if its antiadipogenic and antilipogenic effects in cultured adipocytes could contribute to decreased body fat in vivo, without unwanted hypertensive or cardiovascular effects.Experimental ApproachMice were fed a standard chow and given 0.028% phenelzine in drinking water for 12 weeks. Body composition was determined by NMR. Cardiovascular dysfunction was assessed by heart rate variability analyses and by evaluation of cardiac oxidative stress markers. MAO activity, hydrogen peroxide release and triacylglycerol turnover were assayed in white adipose tissue (WAT), alongside determination of glucose and lipid circulating levels.Key ResultsPhenelzine‐treated mice exhibited lower body fat content, subcutaneous WAT mass and lipid content in skeletal muscles than control, without decreased body weight gain or food consumption. A modest alteration of cardiac sympathovagal balance occurred without depressed aconitase activity. In WAT, phenelzine impaired the lipogenic but not the antilipolytic actions of insulin, MAO activity and hydrogen peroxide release. Phenelzine treatment lowered non‐fasting blood glucose and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase expression. In vitro, high doses of phenelzine decreased both lipolytic and lipogenic responses in mouse adipocytes.Conclusion and ImplicationsAs phenelzine reduced body fat content without affecting cardiovascular function in mice, it may be of benefit in the treatment of obesity‐associated complications, with the precautions of use recommended for antidepressant therapy.