bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Highly Sensitive CO Sensor Based on Thickness‐Selective ZnO Thin Film: Device Fabrication and Packaging
Authors: Prajapati Chandra Shekhar , Bhat Navakanta 
Published: January 2019

AbstractIn this report, the thickness‐dependent carbon monooxide (CO)‐sensing characteristics of sputtered zinc oxide (ZnO) films are investigated, followed by their morphological and electrical characterizations. ZnO films, ≈21 nm, show repeatable and high change in their resistances on exposure to CO and the observed maximum response is ≈52.2%, whereas ≈219 nm films fail to show reproducibility in sensing performance. Response and recovery time of ≈21 nm films are ≈28 and 250 s, which are faster than the time observed in case of ≈219 nm films. An ≈21 nm film is able to resolve 100 parts‐per‐billions (ppb) CO concentration in air. Later, on‐chip integration of ≈21 nm film is successfully implemented on specifically designed Micro‐Electro‐Mechanical‐System (MEMS) platform, inbuilt with microheater and utilizes power of ≈23.7 Milliwatts (mW) (375 °C). The packaged sensor chip is further tested and qualified for indoor and outdoor detection of CO gas in the atmosphere.
Controls of depositional facies patterns on a modern carbonate platform: Insight from hydrodynamic modeling
Authors: Purkis Sam J. , Harris Paul (Mitch) , Cavalcante Georgenes 
Published: January 2019

AbstractRecent studies of Holocene deposits on Great Bahama Bank (GBB) have focused on mapping of sediment distribution, an analysis of the variable filling of accommodation space, a comparison between ooid sandbodies and an examination of whitings and mud production. Collectively, these studies provide insight into the variability in depositional facies that challenge outcrop and subsurface interpretations. Missing from these analyses, however, has been a scrutiny of the physical controls over deposition. To partially explore these controls, a hydrodynamic model forced by prevailing ocean hydrodynamics, tides, winds and atmospheric pressure was developed. Current intensity and direction can be examined at short time steps over 1 year, and GBB can be partitioned into zones of mean annual hydrodynamic energy. Areas of vigorous tidal exchange correspond to localities where platform margin ooid sand shoals have developed. There is a predictive relationship between increasing peak current velocity and increasing area of the sandbody for the Cat, Joulter and Schooners Cays and Tongue of the Ocean sites. A connection between platform‐top hydrodynamics and the formation/suppression of whitings is evidenced west of Andros, suggesting a relationship between the production/deposition of platform‐top muds and off‐platform circulation. Filling of accommodation space can be partially related to platform topography and hydrodynamic flow. For instance, accommodation filling occurs locally along the platform margin by grainstones in areas of high tidal exchange as well as by mud accumulation leeward of islands. Conversely, the development of hiatal surfaces (sites of non‐deposition) occurs in areas not sheltered by islands, such as the southern GBB, where platform‐top currents are persistently vigorous. A broader understanding of platform‐top currents and their diverse controls can aid interpretation of the rock record, including the type and distribution of platform‐top sediments, the distribution of hiatal surfaces and, therefore, identification of locations which have the potential to host more complete depositional cycles.
Is adolescence the missing developmental link in Microbiome–Gut–Brain axis communication?
Authors: Flannery Jessica , Callaghan Bridget , Sharpton Thomas , Fisher Philip , Pfeifer Jennifer 
Published: January 2019

AbstractGut microbial research has recently opened new frontiers in neuroscience and potentiated novel therapies for mental health problems (Mayer, et al., 2014). Much of our understanding of the gut microbiome's role in brain function and behavior, however, has been largely derived from research on nonhuman animals. Even less is known about how the development of the gut microbiome influences critical periods of neural and behavioral development, particularly adolescence. In this review, we first discuss why the gut microbiome has become increasingly relevant to developmental cognitive neuroscience and provide a synopsis of the known connections of the gut microbiome with social–affective brain function and behavior, specifically highlighting human developmental work when possible. We then focus on adolescence, a key period of neurobiological and social–affective development. Specifically, we review the links between the gut microbiome and six overarching domains of change during adolescence: (a) social processes, (b) motivation and behavior, (c) neural development, (d) cognition, (e) neuroendocrine function, and (f) physical health and wellness. Using a developmental science perspective, we summarize key changes across these six domains to underscore the promise for the gut microbiome to bidirectionally influence and transform adolescent development.
Extensive secondary contact among three glacial lineages of Arctic Char (Salvelinus alpinus) in Labrador and Newfoundland
Authors: Salisbury Sarah J. , McCracken Gregory R. , Keefe Donald , Perry Robert , Ruzzante Daniel E. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractAimThe Pleistocene glaciation event prompted the allopatric divergence of multiple glacial lineages of Arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus), some of which have come into secondary contact upon their recolonization of the Holarctic. While three glacial lineages (Arctic, Atlantic, and Acadian) are known to have recolonized the western Atlantic, the degree of overlap of these three lineages is largely unknown. We sought to determine the distribution of these three glacial lineages in Labrador and Newfoundland at a fine spatial scale to assess their potential for introgression and their relative contribution to local fisheries.LocationLabrador and Newfoundland, Canada.MethodsWe sequenced a portion of the D‐loop region in over 1,000 Arctic char (S. alpinus) samples from 67 locations across Labrador and Newfoundland.ResultsWithin Labrador, the Arctic and Atlantic lineages were widespread. Two locations (one landlocked and one with access to the sea) also contained individuals of the Acadian lineage, constituting the first record of this lineage in Labrador. Atlantic and Acadian lineage individuals were found in both eastern and western Newfoundland. Multiple sampling locations in Labrador and Newfoundland contained fish of two or more different glacial lineages, implying their introgression. Glacial lineage did not appear to dictate contemporary genetic divergence between the pale and dark morph of char present in Gander Lake, Newfoundland. Both were predominately of the Atlantic lineage, suggesting the potential for their divergence in sympatry.Main conclusionsOur study reveals Labrador and Newfoundland to be a unique junction of three glacial lineages which have likely hybridized extensively in this region.
IL‐10 promotes malignant pleural effusion in mice by regulating TH1‐ and TH17‐cell differentiation and migration
Authors: Wu Xiu‐Zhi , Zhai Kan , Yi Feng‐Shuang , Wang Zhen , Wang Wen , Wang Yao , Pei Xue‐Bin , Shi Xin‐Yu , Xu Li‐Li , Shi Huan‐Zhong 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe role of IL‐10 in malignant pleural effusion (MPE) remains unknown. By using murine MPE models, we observed that an increase in pleural IL‐10 was a significant predictor of increased risk of death. We noted that TH1‐ and TH17‐cell content in MPE was higher in IL‐10–/– mice than in WT mice, and IL‐10 deficiency promoted differentiation into TH1 but not into TH17 cells. A higher fraction of TH1 and TH17 cells in the MPE of IL‐10–/– mice expressed CXCR3 compared with WT mice. We also demonstrated that Lewis lung cancer and colon adenocarcinoma cells secreted large amounts of CXCL10, a ligand of CXCR3, which induced the migration of TH1 and TH17 cells into the MPE, and IFN‐γ could promote this signaling cascade. Furthermore, intrapleural injection of mice with CXCL10‐deficient tumor cells led to decreased TH1‐ and TH17‐cell content in MPE, increased MPE volume, and reduced survival of MPE‐bearing mice. Taken together, we demonstrated that IL‐10 deficiency promoted T‐cell differentiation into TH1 cells and upregulated the CXCR3‐CXCL10 signaling pathway that recruits TH1 and TH17 cells into MPE, ultimately resulting in decreased MPE formation and longer survival time of mice‐bearing MPE.
Carbon‐based Nanosensors for Salicylate Determination in Pharmaceutical Preparations
Authors: Abdel‐Haleem Fatehy M. , Salah Azza , Rizk Mahmoud S. , Moustafa Hussein , Bechelany Mikhael , Barhoum Ahmed 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThiourea derivative‐based carbon paste electrode (TUD1‐CPE) was constructed as a potentiometric sensor for the determination of salicylate anion in pharmaceutical formulations, Aspocid® and Aspirin®. The optimized CPE contained 45.5 % graphite, 0.5 % reduced graphene oxide (rGO), 46.0 % nitrophenyl octyl ether (NPOE) plasticizer, 5.0 % TUD1 ionophore, and 3.0 % tridodecylmethyl ammonium chloride as additive. The incorporation of NPOE of high dielectric constant, and rGO in electrode caused better performance of the sensor; Nernstian response of 59.0 mV decade−1in the concentration range of 10−1–10−5 mole L−1, a detection limit of 1×10−5 mole L−1in a very short response time of 6 seconds. The prepared sensor showed high selectivity against similar anions (i. e., benzoate, I−, SCN−). Selectivity was confirmed by calculating the formation constant (Kβ) using sandwich membrane method, where Kβfor TUD1‐salicylate is 100.43. Theoretical calculations at DFT‐B3LY/6‐31G** level of theory were performed to find interaction mechanism, Energies of HOMO and LUMO orbitals, non‐linear optical (NLO) properties (the electronic dipole moment (μ), first‐order hyperpolarizability (β), the hyper‐Rayleigh scattering (βHRS) and the depolarization ratio (DR)), and other global properties; these calculations showed lower values of β and DR, higher value of βHRS, and the shortest lengths of the four N−H bonds between TUD1 and salicylate which confirm their strong complexation and salicylate‐selectivity. Also, all the studied anion‐TUD1 exhibited relatively high NLO properties, and these results were considered as a preliminary study for investigating new types of NLO bearing materials. The sensors were applied successfully for the determination of salicylate anion in Aspocid® and Aspirin®.
Dietary intervention for canine epilepsy: Two case reports
Authors: Masino Susan A. , Freedgood Natalie R. , Reichert Hannah R. , Director Chris J. , Whittemore Vicky H. , Zupec‐Kania Beth 
Published: January 2019

SummaryEpilepsy is a common neurologic disorder in humans and domesticated canines. In both species the etiology is diverse and complex, and even with medication a significant portion of the population does not experience sufficient seizure control and/or has unacceptable side effects. Humans often try alternatives such as dietary therapy or brain surgery, but in dogs, brain surgery is rarely an option and, despite potential benefits, there are no standard recommendations for a dietary approach. Herein we describe 2 retrospective case studies detailing the effects of homemade diets prepared for dogs with uncontrolled epileptic seizures and/or toxic side effects of medication. Basic recipes are provided for each formula—a high‐fat “ketogenic” diet and a partial “whole food” diet. Carbohydrate content was reduced or controlled, and in one case this was proven to be essential for seizure control: ingesting carbohydrates would reverse the benefits of the diet and precipitate a seizure. Both dogs experienced fewer seizures and side effects when eating these modified diets compared to when they were administered antiepileptic drugs, including complete cessation of seizures for extended periods. Practical advantages and success of these homemade dietary interventions highlight the potential for diet‐based metabolic therapy as a treatment option for seizures not only in humans but also in dogs.
The efficacy of essential oil components loaded into montmorillonite against Aspergillus niger and Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Bernardos Andrea , Bozik Matej , Alvarez Silvia , Saskova Martina , Perez‐Esteve Edgar , Kloucek Pavel , Lhotka Miloslav , Frankova Adela , Martinez‐Manez Ramon 
Published: January 2019

AbstractEssential oil components (EOCs) are potent natural antimicrobial agents, but their high volatility and reactivity limit their potential applications. Here, we report the preparation of a series of nanomaterials containing EOCs (i.e., allyl isothiocyanate, carvacrol, cinnamaldehyde, diallyl disulphide, eugenol and thymol). The materials were prepared by simple adsorption of the EOCs onto a montmorillonite nanoclay. The antimicrobial activities of these materials were assessed against Aspergillus niger and Staphylococcus aureus as typical models of agricultural fungal pathogens and foodborne bacterial pathogens, respectively. In addition, the activities of the encapsulated EOCs were compared with those of the corresponding free forms with or without Tween‐80 in two types of assays: microdilution assays for determining the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and agar‐based assays mimicking surface treatment. Enhanced antifungal activity of the encapsulated form was observed for all EOCs. In addition, against S. aureus, the MICs of all EOCs were remarkably lower in encapsulated form than in free form. These results indicate that EOCs encapsulated in low‐cost nanoclays have favourable potential as antimicrobials compared with the pure compounds.
A parameter‐free ε‐adaptive algorithm for improving weighted compact nonlinear schemes
Authors: Zheng Shichao , Deng Xiaogang , Wang Dongfang , Xie Chunhui 
Published: January 2019

SummaryIn this paper, we propose a parameter‐free algorithm to calculate ε, a parameter of small quantity initially introduced into the nonlinear weights of weighted essentially nonoscillatory (WENO) scheme to avoid denominator becoming zero. The new algorithm, based on local smoothness indicators of fifth‐order weighted compact nonlinear scheme (WCNS), is designed in a manner to adaptively increase ε in smooth areas to reduce numerical dissipation and obtain high‐order accuracy, and decrease ε in discontinuous areas to increase numerical dissipation and suppress spurious numerical oscillations. We discuss the relation between critical points and discontinuities and illustrate that, when large gradient areas caused by high‐order critical points are not well resolved with sufficiently small grid spacing, numerical oscillations arise. The new algorithm treats high‐order critical points as discontinuities to suppress numerical oscillations. Canonical numerical tests are carried out, and computational results indicate that the new adaptive algorithm can help improve resolution of small scale flow structures, suppress numerical oscillations near discontinuities, and lessen susceptibility to flux functions and interpolation variables for fifth‐order WCNS. The new adaptive algorithm can be conveniently generalized to WENO/WCNS with different orders.
Effects of putrescine on the postharvest physiology characteristics in cowpea
Authors: Wang Zhen , Wang Yunxiang , Shi Junyan , Zheng Qiuli , Gao Lipu , Wang Qing , Zuo Jinhua 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe effects of putrescine (Put) treatment on postharvest physiology characteristics in cowpea during cold storage have been investigated. The results indicated that Put with 8 mmol/L treatment greatly delayed aging of the cowpea; the sensory quality of cowpea was well maintained; the increase in weight loss was also inhibited, and the decrease in the content of ascorbic acid, chlorophyll, and total phenol was reduced efficiently. Antioxidant enzyme activities containing POD, CAT, and APX were preserved at higher levels in treated groups than the control during cold storage. In addition, the activity of PPO was restrained with Put. Overall, the quality of cowpea was maintained by 8 mmol/L Put treatment during cold storage.
Bioactive compounds, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of Arum maculatum leaves extracts as affected by various solvents and extraction methods
Authors: Farahmandfar Reza , Esmaeilzadeh Kenari Reza , Asnaashari Maryam , Shahrampour Dina , Bakhshandeh Tahmineh 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe different species of Arum maculatum plant can be found in all over the world, and a wide range of medicinal applications has been mentioned for them. Thus, it can also be valued as a source of natural compounds with antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. In this study, the effect of solvents (water, ethanol, ethanol:water (50:50)) and extraction methods (maceration and ultrasound) on the extraction yields and bioactive properties of extracts were analyzed. The antioxidant capacity of Arum maculatum leaves extracts was investigated, and the concentrations of total phenolics, tocopherols, tannins and flavonoids were determined. 1,1‐diphenyl 2‐picrylhydrazyl free radical (DPPH), β‐Carotene bleaching, and oxidative stability index (OSI) were used to determine antioxidant activity. The ability to scavenge radicals was measured in these experiments by the discoloration of the solution. Also, the antimicrobial activity of different extracts against Gram‐positive (Staphylococcus aureus and Listeria monocytogenes) and Gram‐negative bacteria (Escherichia coli, Salmonella enteritidis, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) was evaluated by using of microdilution and agar diffusion assays. The results demonstrated that ultrasonic extracts (especially ethanol:water (50:50) solvent) had the higher extraction yield and antioxidant potential than maceration extracts. All extracts were effective against all tested bacteria, and Listeria monocytogenes was the most sensitive bacterium with lowest MIC value (12.5 mg/ml) and biggest diameter of growth inhibition zone (13.77 mm). Generally, this Arum maculatum leaves extracts can be suggested as an economical source of antioxidant and antimicrobial agents and can be a suitable substitute for artificial and chemical food preservatives.
Chlorogenic acid alleviates obesity and modulates gut microbiota in high‐fat‐fed mice
Authors: Wang Zhengyu , Lam Ka‐Lung , Hu Jiamiao , Ge Shenghan , Zhou Arong , Zheng Baodong , Zeng Shaoxiao , Lin Shaoling 
Published: January 2019

AbstractTo evaluate the anti‐obesity effects of chlorogenic acid (CGA), the mice were fed a high‐fat diet (HFD) upon chlorogenic acid treatment for 6 weeks. The results showed administration of chlorogenic acid (150 mg per kg per day) remarkably promoted body loss, reduced lipid levels in plasma and altered mRNA expression of lipogenesis and lipolysis related genes in adipose tissue. Moreover, chlorogenic acid also reversed the HFD‐induced gut microbiota dysbiosis, including significantly inhibiting the growth of Desulfovibrionaceae, Ruminococcaceae, Lachnospiraceae, Erysipelotrichaceae, and raising the growth of Bacteroidaceae, Lactobacillaceae. Overall, the amelioration of HFD‐induced gut microbiota dysbiosis by chlorogenic acid may contribute, at least partially, to its beneficial effects on ameliorating HFD‐induced obesity.
Effect of pasteurization on delayed kimchi ripening and regression analysis for shelf life estimation of kimchi
Authors: Lee Hyun‐Gyu , Jeong Suyeon , Park Ji Yeong , Yoo SeungRan 
Published: January 2019

AbstractPasteurization‐mediated delayed kimchi ripening and regression analysis for shelf life estimation were investigated. Various initial kimchi microbial communities were simplified to lactic acid bacteria Leuconostoc sp. and Lactobacillus sp. over time, with concomitant pH decrease from 6.39 to 4.34 and acidity increase from 0.06% to 0.35%. Other quality characteristics (organic acid, carbon dioxide, and microbial population) also changed, exhibiting high intercorrelation. Pasteurization decreased the initial bacterial counts from 5.20 to 1.92 log CFU/g, thereby delaying the change in quality characteristics (pH, acidity, organic acid, microbial population, carbon dioxide, and microbial community); however, the texture did not differ significantly (p < 0.05). In addition, the regression equation for the relationship between acidity and carbon dioxide levels suggested that shelf life could be estimated in conjunction with the ideal gas equation. In conclusion, pasteurization and regression analysis for kimchi shelf life estimation may enable the maintenance of quality and effective management during the distribution process.
Edible quality of soft‐boiled chicken processing with chilled carcass was better than that of hot‐fresh carcass
Authors: Wang Huhu , Qin Yue , Li Jihao , Xu Xinglian , Zhou Guanghong 
Published: January 2019

AbstractSoft‐boiled chicken is widely popular with its flavor and texture. In a traditional view, the edible quality of soft‐boiled chicken producing with hot‐fresh carcass (without any chilled procedure after evisceration) was better than that of chilled carcass. Hot‐fresh groups with 1, 2, or 4 hr and chilled groups with 24, 48, or 60 hr were used to clarify the view in this study. The results indicated that no significant difference in hardness, springiness, cohesiveness of texture profiles and b* value of skin color was observed between each group, although the highest L* value was obtained in hot‐fresh 4 hr group. Higher contents of succinic acid were found in chilled groups when compared to that of hot‐fresh groups, but there was no difference in lactic acid and pH values. Lower contents of adenosine 5′‐monophosphate (AMP), guanosine 5′‐monophosphate (GMP), inosine and hypoxanthine, and higher inosine‐5′‐monophosphate (IMP) (especially for hot‐fresh 1 hr) were observed in hot‐fresh groups. In addition, although no difference in umami amino acids and bitter amino acid was observed between each tested group, higher amounts of Asp, Met, Ile, Leu, Tyr, and Arg were observed in chilled groups, especially for chilled 60 hr. The finding indicated that the traditional view was lack of scientific evidence, and chilled carcass was suitable for soft‐boiled chicken, substituting for the hot‐fresh carcass.
Genomic analysis of Lactobacillus reuteri WHH1689 reveals its probiotic properties and stress resistance
Authors: Chen Lin , Gu Qing , Li Ping , Chen Su , Li Yanjun 
Published: January 2019

AbstractLactobacillus reuteri (L. reuteri) WHH1689, which was isolated from Chinese traditional highland barley wine, exhibited high survival period at room temperature in drinkable probiotic yogurt. This article aimed to indicate the genes involved in probiotic function of WHH1689 and reveal potential stress resistance based on genomic analysis. Analysis of comparative genome with closely related L. reuteri strains identified special stress adaptation. MUMmer and ACT softwares were applied for collinear analysis, and OrthoMCL program was used for sequence alignment involved in distribution of protein cluster. We identified genes coding for carbohydrate transport and enzymes, carbon metabolism pathway, gastrointestinal tract resistance, adhesive ability, and folic acid biosynthesis, etc. Genome sequence and comparative genome analysis of L. reuteri WHH1689 demonstrated specific genes for genetic adaptation and stress resistance. Tolerance, adhesion, and folate test indicated the strain had multiple probiotics. L. reuteri WHH1689 has the potential to be a probiotic candidate in dairy foods.