bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Detection of carcinoembryonic antigen in peritoneal fluid of patients undergoing laparoscopic distal gastrectomy with complete mesogastric excision
Authors: Xie D , Wang Y , Shen J , Hu J , Yin P , Gong J 
Published: July 2018

Abstract

Background
Surgery for gastric cancer may result in free intraperitoneal cancer cells. This study aimed to determine whether laparoscopic gastrectomy with complete mesogastric excision (D2 + CME) reduces the number of free intraperitoneal cancer cells.

Methods
Patients with gastric cancer who had a conventional D2 or D2 + CME laparoscopic distal gastrectomy between April 2015 and February 2017 were included in the study. Intraoperative peritoneal washings were collected before and after tumour resection. Reverse transcriptase–quantitative real-time PCR for carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) was used to assess the presence of gastric cancer cells.

Results
Eighty-five patients underwent conventional D2 lymphadenectomy and 76 had the D2 + CME procedure. Of 161 peritoneal fluid samples obtained before gastrectomy, 137 (D2, 72; D2 + CME, 65) had low CEA expression indicative of no cancer cells. After gastrectomy, high CEA expression was detected in 23 of the 72 samples (32 per cent) from patients in the D2 group, and in ten of the 65 samples (15 per cent) from the D2 + CME group. In the overall cohort, mean CEA expression level after gastrectomy was lower in the D2 + CME group than in the D2 group (P = 0·0038). In patients with low CEA expression before gastrectomy, disease-free survival in the D2 + CME group was better than that in the D2 group (P = 0·033).

Conclusion
Laparoscopic distal gastrectomy with complete mesogastric excision reduces the number of free intraperitoneal cancer cells and is associated with a better disease-free survival than conventional D2 gastrectomy.
Evaluation of CHK1 activation in vulvar squamous cell carcinoma and its potential as a therapeutic target in vitro
Authors: Wang Zhihui , Førsund Mette S. , Trope Claes G. , Nesland Jahn M. , Holm Ruth , Slipicevic Ana 
Published: July 2018

AbstractCHK1 is an important regulator of the cell cycle and DNA damage response, and its altered expression has been identified in various tumors. Chk1 inhibitors are currently being evaluated as monotherapy and as potentiators of chemotherapy in clinical settings. However, to our knowledge, no previous study has investigated either the activation status or the therapeutic potential of CHK1 targeting in vulvar cancer. Therefore, we examined the expression status of activated CHK1 forms pCHK1Ser345, pCHK1Ser317, pCHK1Ser296, and pCHK1Ser280 in 294 vulvar squamous cell carcinomas (VSCC) using immunohistochemistry and analyzed their relationships with various clinicopathological variables and clinical outcome. To aid translation of preclinical studies, we also assessed cell sensitivity to the Chk1 inhibition in two vulvar cancer cell lines. Compared to the levels of pCHK1Ser345, pCHK1Ser317, pCHK1Ser296, and pCHK1Ser280 in normal vulvar squamous epithelium, high nuclear pCHK1Ser345 expression was found in 57% of vulvar carcinomas, whereas low nuclear pCHK1Ser317, pCHK1Ser296, and pCHK1Ser280 expressions were observed in 58%, 64%, and 40% of the cases, respectively. Low levels of pCHK1Ser317 and pCHK1Ser280 in the nucleus correlated significantly with advanced tumor behaviors and aggressive features. None of pCHK1Ser345, pCHK1Ser317, pCHK1Ser296, and pCHK1Ser280 forms were identified as prognostic factors. In vitro inhibition of CHK1 by small molecular inhibitors or siRNA reduced viability by inducing DNA damage and apoptosis of vulvar cancer cell lines. In summary, we conclude that cellular functions regulated by CHK1 are phosphorylation/localization‐dependent and deregulation of CHK1 function occurs in VSCC and might contribute to tumorigenesis. Targeting CHK1 might represent as a useful antitumor strategy for the subgroup of VSCC harboring p53 mutations.
Virtual Collection of Portuguese Catalysis
Authors: Pombeiro Armando J. L. , Burke Anthony J. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThis Editorial presents a Virtual Collection of articles based on the International Symposium on Synthesis and Catalysis (ISySyCat) and presented here as the Portuguese Conference on Catalysis. For a frame of reference, a brief look at the history of catalysis in Portugal and the development of catalysis research is also described. Catalysis plays a pivotal role in contemporary organic and organometallic synthesis, which are of relevance to both academic and industrial chemists alike. To celebrate the scope and depth of Portuguese catalysis we, the Guest Editors, Armando Pombeiro and Anthony Burke, are publishing a Virtual Collection of articles in collaboration with ChemCatChem. In this issue we collect the first wave of contributions, which include homogeneous, heterogeneous catalysis, from upstream research on understanding catalyst mechanisms to catalytic process design.
Metal‐Free Halogen(I) Catalysts for the Oxidation of Aryl(heteroaryl)methanes to Ketones or Esters: Selectivity Control by Halogen Bonding
Authors: Guha Somraj , Sekar Govindasamy 
Published: July 2018

AbstractMetal‐free halogen(I) catalysts were used for the selective oxidation of aryl(heteroaryl)methanes [C(sp3)−H] to ketones [C(sp2)=O] or esters [C(sp3)−O]. The synthesis of ketones was performed with a catalytic amount of NBS in DMSO solvent. Experimental studies and density functional theory (DFT) calculations supported the formation of halogen bonding (XB) between the heteroarene and N‐bromosuccinimide, which enabled imine–enamine tautomerism of the substrates. No additional activator was required for this crucial step. Isotope‐labeling and other supporting experiments suggested that a Kornblum‐type oxidation with DMSO and aerobic oxygenation with molecular oxygen took place simultaneously. A background XB‐assisted electron transfer between the heteroarenes and halogen(I) catalysts was responsible for the formation of heterobenzylic radicals and, thus, the aerobic oxygenation. For selective acyloxylation (ester formation), a catalytic amount of iodine was employed with tert‐butyl hydroperoxide in aliphatic carboxylic acid solvent. Several control reactions, spectroscopic studies, and Time‐Dependent Density Functional Theory (TD–DFT) calculations established the presence of acetyl hypoiodite as an active halogen(I) species in the acetoxylation process. With the help of a selectivity study, for the first time we report that the strength of the XB interaction and the frontier orbital mixing between the substrates and acyl hypoiodites determined the extent of the background electron‐transfer process and, thus, the selectivity of the reaction.
Mesoscopic FRET Antenna Materials by Self‐Assembling Iridium(III) Complexes and BODIPY Dyes
Authors: Bagnall Andrew J. , Santana Vega Marina , Martinelli Jonathan , Djanashvili Kristina , Cucinotta Fabio 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThis study presents a new design of light‐harvesting antenna materials using two dyes organised into mesoporous silica: an iridium(III) complex and a BODIPY‐derived surfactant that undergo Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET), acting, respectively, as donor and acceptor. The chemical structure of each dye determines the position taken within the micellar templates used for the synthesis of the silica host, which maintains mesopore order as shown by TEM imaging. Steady‐state and time‐resolved UV‐visible spectroscopy revealed that incorporation of the iridium complex into the silica shields it from oxygen‐induced quenching and allows a degree of control over the donor–acceptor distance, yielding FRET efficiencies from 24 to 76 % and tuneable emission ranges. Such silica‐based antennae show promising properties for the realisation of polychromatic sensitisers for photovoltaics and photocatalysis.
Donor−Acceptor‐Functionalized Subphthalocyanines for Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells
Authors: Gotfredsen Henrik , Neumann Timo , Storm Freja Eilsø , Muñoz Alberto Viñas , Jevric Martyn , Hammerich Ole , Mikkelsen Kurt V. , Freitag Marina , Boschloo Gerrit , Nielsen Mogens Brøndsted 
Published: July 2018

AbstractBoron subphthalocyanines (SubPcs) are attractive as light harvesting materials in photovoltaic devices. Here we present the synthesis, optical and electrochemical properties, and device performances of a series of donor−acceptor‐functionalized SubPc derivatives incorporating a carboxylic acid for anchoring onto TiO2. Liquid‐ and solid‐state dye‐sensitized solar cells (DSCs) were prepared from three compounds, and a triad system consisting of two aniline donor moieties and a benzothiadiazole acceptor moiety was found to exhibit the highest power conversion efficiency (PCE) in the series (PCE=1.54 %; solid‐state device). The compounds were prepared by stepwise acetylenic coupling reactions. In addition, we present the synthesis and optical properties of a SubPc derivative incorporating three anilino‐substituted 1,1,4,4‐tetracyanobutadiene units, prepared by the [2+2] cycloaddition between three ethynyl units at the SubPc periphery and three tetracyanoethylene molecules followed by electrocyclic ring‐opening reactions.
Secrecy performance analysis of AF relaying with relay selection scheme over Nakagami‐m fading channels
Authors: Chu Shao‐I 
Published: July 2018

SummaryThis paper investigates the secrecy outage probability (SOP) and intercept behavior for the amplify‐and‐forward network over Nakagami‐m fading channels. Relay selection schemes are evaluated. The optimal and suboptimal criterions require the instantaneous and statistical channel state information of the eavesdroppers' channels, respectively. The enhanced 2‐hop criterion needs the additional information of the target secrecy rate for relay selection. Theoretical analysis reveals that the diversity order of the SOP is dominated by the minimum fading figures of the source‐relay and relay‐destination channels, while that of the intercept probability depends on the fading figure of the relay‐destination channel. In the multirelay scenario, the optimal, suboptimal, and enhanced 2‐hop scheme achieve the same diversity orders of the SOP. For the intercept probability, the optimal and second‐hop relay selection schemes provide the same diversity order, while the diversity orders of the suboptimal and enhanced 2‐hop schemes are the same. Simulation results finally substantiate the accuracy of the theoretical analysis.
The last 50 years of climate‐induced melting of the Maliy Aktru glacier (Altai Mountains, Russia) revealed in a primary ecological succession
Authors: Cazzolla Gatti Roberto , Dudko Anastasia , Lim Artem , Velichevskaya Alena I. , Lushchaeva Inna V. , Pivovarova Alice V. , Ventura Stefano , Lumini Erica , Berruti Andrea , Volkov Igor V. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractIn this article, we report and discuss the results obtained from a survey of plants, microorganisms (bacteria and fungi), and soil elements along a chronosequence in the first 600 m of the Maliy Aktru glacier's forefront (Altai Mountains, Russia). Many glaciers of the world show effects of climate change. Nonetheless, except for some local reports, the ecological effects of deglaciation have been poorly studied and have not been quantitatively assessed in the Altai Mountains. Here, we studied the ecological changes of plants, fungi, bacteria, and soil elements that take the form of a primary ecological succession and that took place over the deglaciated soil of the Maliy Aktru glacier during the last 50 year. According to our measurements, the glacier lost about 12 m per year during the last 50 years. Plant succession shows clear signs of changes along the incremental distance from the glacier forefront. The analysis of the plant α‐ and β‐diversity confirmed an expected increase of them with increasing distance from the glacier forefront. Moreover, the analysis of β‐diversity confirmed the hypothesis of the presence of three main stages of the plant succession: (a) initial (pioneer species) from 30 to 100 m; (b) intermediate (r‐selected species) from 110 to 120–150 m; and (c) final (K‐selected species) from 150 to 550. Our study also shows that saprotrophic communities of fungi are widely distributed in the glacier retreating area with higher relative abundances of saprotroph ascomycetes at early successional stages. The evolution of a primary succession is also evident for bacteria, soil elements, and CO2 emission and respiration. The development of biological communities and the variation in geochemical parameters represent an irrefutable proof that climate change is altering soils that have been long covered by ice.
Detection of fog and smoke particles with discrete near infrared light
Authors: Momma Eiichiro , Nakano Shoichiro , Ono Takashi , Okayasu Katsuya , Nemoto Masahiko , Ebata Hiromichi , Mammoto Atsushi 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThis research aims at active detection of fog and smoke composed of micrometer/submicrometer order particles. Fog scatters light and causes poor visibility of the driver. Since poor visibility can cause serious traffic accidents, detection, and measurement of fog is an important technique in road traffic. Detection of smoke constituted by particles as well as mist is also an important technique for rapid extinguishing of fire. In this paper, we focused attention on the phenomenon that particles composing fog and smoke scatter and attenuate near infrared light. And we examined active detection combining discrete near infrared light and a near infrared camera. As a result, it was shown that detection is possible in both fog and smoke.
Adsorptive Voltammetry for the Determination of Ochratoxin A Using Enrichment Effect by Cationic Surfactants
Authors: Sultana Ayesha , Sazawa Kazuto , Okazaki Takuya , Islam Md. Saiful , Hata Noriko , Sugawara Kazuharu , Kuramitz Hideki 
Published: July 2018

AbstractA rapid and simple electrochemical method was utilized for the determination of the presence of classic fungal metabolite ochratoxin A (OTA) based on differential pulse adsorptive voltammetry, using the carbon nanotube paste (CNTP) electrode. OTA showed a clear oxidation peak, and the CNTP electrode exhibited a more sensitive response to OTA oxidation than the glassy carbon, the plastic formed carbon, and the carbon paste electrodes. The addition of long‐chain cationic surfactants, such as benzethonium chloride, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, and benzyldimethyltetradecylammonium chloride (zephiramine), enhanced the electrochemical response of OTA. Under optimized experimental conditions, the calibration plots are linear in the 5×10−6−5×10−5 M OTA concentration range, and the limit of detection is 1.1×10−6 M. In order to improve the selectivity for OTA determination, we attempted to combine this adsorptive stripping voltammetric technique with “sequestration electrochemistry,” based on the specific interaction occurring between bovine serum albumin (BSA) and OTA. The peak current of OTA oxidation decreased substantially as a result of OTA‐BSA binding. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that the application of this proposed method of hydrodynamic adsorptive voltammetry, using a micro‐droplet and a rotating disk electrode, improves the approach's sensitivity and reduces the time and sample volume required for the analysis.
Statistical harmonization corrects site effects in functional connectivity measurements from multi‐site fMRI data
Authors: Yu Meichen , Linn Kristin A. , Cook Philip A. , Phillips Mary L. , McInnis Melvin , Fava Maurizio , Trivedi Madhukar H. , Weissman Myrna M. , Shinohara Russell T. , Sheline Yvette I. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractAcquiring resting‐state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) datasets at multiple MRI scanners and clinical sites can improve statistical power and generalizability of results. However, multi‐site neuroimaging studies have reported considerable nonbiological variability in fMRI measurements due to different scanner manufacturers and acquisition protocols. These undesirable sources of variability may limit power to detect effects of interest and may even result in erroneous findings. Until now, there has not been an approach that removes unwanted site effects. In this study, using a relatively large multi‐site (4 sites) fMRI dataset, we investigated the impact of site effects on functional connectivity and network measures estimated by widely used connectivity metrics and brain parcellations. The protocols and image acquisition of the dataset used in this study had been homogenized using identical MRI phantom acquisitions from each of the neuroimaging sites; however, intersite acquisition effects were not completely eliminated. Indeed, in this study, we found that the magnitude of site effects depended on the choice of connectivity metric and brain atlas. Therefore, to further remove site effects, we applied ComBat, a harmonization technique previously shown to eliminate site effects in multi‐site diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and cortical thickness studies. In the current work, ComBat successfully removed site effects identified in connectivity and network measures and increased the power to detect age associations when using optimal combinations of connectivity metrics and brain atlases. Our proposed ComBat harmonization approach for fMRI‐derived connectivity measures facilitates reliable and efficient analysis of retrospective and prospective multi‐site fMRI neuroimaging studies.
Chronic differences in white matter integrity following sport‐related concussion as measured by diffusion MRI: 6‐Month follow‐up
Authors: Lancaster Melissa A. , Meier Timothy B. , Olson Daniel V. , McCrea Michael A. , Nelson Lindsay D. , Muftuler L. Tugan 
Published: July 2018

AbstractRecent studies demonstrated evidence of physiological changes in the brain following sport‐related concussion (SRC) that persisted beyond the point at which athletes achieved full symptom recovery. Diffusion MRI techniques have been used to study brain white matter (WM) changes following SRC; however, longitudinal studies that follow injured athletes from the acute to chronic stages of injury are sparse. The current study explores potential persisting effects of the injury, which serves as a follow‐up to our previous work that reported WM changes in the acute and subacute phase of SRC recovery. Concussed high school and collegiate football players (n = 17) and well‐matched teammate controls (n = 20) were followed up at 6 months postinjury with diffusion tensor (DTI) and diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) as well as measures of self‐reported symptoms, cognitive functioning, and balance. Results of tract‐based spatial statistics (TBSS) analyses revealed continued widespread decreased mean and axial diffusivity compared to control subjects in 6‐month follow‐up scans. On the other hand, kurtosis metrics, which were significantly higher in concussed athletes in the acute phase, had normalized. WM tract regions‐of‐interest (ROIs) were created from significant clusters in the TBSS analysis, and linear mixed effects (LME) analyses were used to look at longitudinal changes in these ROIs over time. LME analyses revealed few time × group interactions indicating findings were relatively stable over time. In addition, acute concussion symptoms predicted diffusivity measures at 6 months postinjury. Findings indicate that DTI and DKI may be useful tools in assessing concussion severity, recovery, and possible long‐term effects of concussion.
M‐payment service: Interplay of perceived risk, benefit, and trust in service adoption
Authors: Park Jungkun , Amendah Eklou , Lee Younghee , Hyun Hyowon 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThis study aimed to examine the effects of perceived risk, perceived benefits, and trust on consumers’ intention to use mobile payment, or m‐payment. In addition, different effects of some demographic factors (e.g., income, age, education) on m‐payment usage were examined. The sample of 457 respondents was used to analyze the causal relationships between the variables and the mean differences of demographic factors in consumer intention to use m‐payment. The results supported the negative relationship between perceived risk, trust, and consumer intention to use m‐payment. A positive relationship between perceived benefits and trust was found. This study revealed that trust mediated consumer intention to use m‐payment. In individual differences of m‐payment adoption, education influenced the relationship between perceived risk and intention to use m‐payments as well as the relationship between trust and intention to use m‐payment. This study provided insights into consumer differences regarding m‐payment adoption and the mediating role of trust between perceived benefits, perceived risk, and intention to use m‐payment.
The dilemma of patient safety work: Perceptions of hospital middle managers
Authors: Sanner Margareta , Halford Christina , Vengberg Sofie , Röing Marta 
Published: July 2018

AbstractPatient safety continues to be a challenge for health care. Medical errors are not decreasing but continue to show roughly the same patterns in Sweden and other Western countries. This interview study aims to explore how 27 hospital middle managers responsible for patient safety work in a Swedish university hospital perceive this task. A qualitative analysis was performed. A code template was created, and each code was explored in depth and summarized into six categories. We conclude that patient safety work appears to have low priority; hospital top management does not seem to have any real interest in patient safety; incidents are underreported; and the organization of patient safety work seems to be insufficient and carried out insofar as resources are available. These parameters may explain why medical errors remain on a certain level and do not seem to decrease in spite of various support programs.
Quantum mechanical studies on dioxin‐imprinted polymer precursor composites: Fundamental insights to enhance the binding strength and selectivity of biomarkers
Authors: Khan Muntazir S. , Pal Sourav 
Published: July 2018

AbstractWe present a benchmark study of binding energies for dioxin‐imprinted polymer complexes. A density functional theory approach was used for screening the polymerization precursors in the rational design of molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs). Tetrachlorodibenzo‐p‐dioxin (TCDD) was taken as an imprinted molecule. The geometry optimization, natural bond orbital charge, and molecular electrostatic potential of TCDD and acrylamide (AM) were studied at the M062X level and 6‐31G(d,p) belonging to one of the hybrid density functional theories. The results of molecular electrostatic potential and natural bond orbital charge analysis were comparable. Among the studied functional monomers—AM, methacrylic acid (MAA), itaconic acid, and vinyl pyridine—AM was confirmed as the best functional monomer, because the strongest interaction (the maximum number of hydrogen bonds and the lowest binding energy) occurs between TCDD and AM. The stability property was excellent when the ratio of TCDD and AM was 1:4. The polarizable continuum model was used for solvent calculations. Computational results showed that acetonitrile plays an important role in the MIP formation, as it seems to control the size and the shape of the cavity. The atoms in molecule and Becke surface method have also been applied to understand the nature and strength of the hydrogen bonding interactions in complexes. TCDD‐AM complexes were found involving C–O···Cl and N–H···Cl hydrogen bonds. Good correlations have been established between hydrogen bond lengths versus atoms in molecule topological parameter like electron density ρ(r) and its Laplacian ▽2ρ(r) at the bond critical points. On ground of theoretical results, a series of MIPs were synthesized. The MIP prepared using TCDD as the template, the functional monomer (AM), and the cross‐linker (TRIM) in acetonitrile solvent exhibited the highest adsorption capacity for TCDD. The maximum binding capacity of TCDD on the MIP was 3.7 μg/mg. This research work can provide a theoretical reference for the fabrication and characterization of novel TCDD‐MIPs for environmental applications.