bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ultra‐High Secure Holographically Steganographic Array with Spatiotemporal Dual‐Encryption Keys
Authors: Zhu Zelin , Qi Xiuping , Zhang Zhihao , Dou Xuanyu , Jiang Xinxin , Liu Yutong , Fu Shencheng , Zhang Xintong , Liu Yichun 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIndependently‐manipulated optical encryption has attracted great attention due to its high security and multiple application scenarios. Although photochromic molecules have become preferred holographic display units, the integration of dynamic modulation both in hologram and fluorescence for orthogonal encryption is still challenged. Herein, a latticed holographically steganographic array is constructed by incorporating a plasticizer (tri‐o‐cresyl phosphate, TOCP) into spirooxazine (SO) based polymers, thereby modulating the isomerization rate and the UV‐fluorescence kinetics between SO and merocyanine (MC). The period to reach fluorescence saturated value for each information bit in the latticed device can be widely modulated between 60 and 1700 s. Based on the property, only through ultraviolet stimulation can array information gradually be converted from spatial lattice coordinates to holographic display time. Then, a hidden 3D image can be determined from rapidly updatable reconstructed hologram video with refresh rate 1.125 Hz by the above spatiotemporal dual‐encryption keys. This work provides a bright path for the ultra‐high safety steganography and adaptive stereoscopic imaging.
Selective Twin NIR‐IIb Ratiometric Luminescence Nanoprobes Enable the Accurate Visualization of MPO‐Mediated Oxidative Stress in Acute Liver Injury
Authors: Liu Xiao , Li Wei , Shen Yang , He Linhui , Lai Huanhua , Chen Yushi , Chen LanLan , Zhang Xiao‐Bing , Yuan Lin 
Published: October 2024

AbstractOxidative stress, orchestrated by myeloperoxidase (MPO), plays crucial roles in the progression of many diseases. Nonetheless, the role of MPO‐mediated oxidative stress in distinct factor‐induced acute liver injuries (ALI) is still up for dispute, mainly due to the lack of probes for in vivo monitoring of MPO releases. Here, a highly selective MPO probe (CSQ) based on the epoxidation biochemical reaction within the MPO‐H2O2‐Cl− system is screened to construct dual near infrared‐IIb (NIR‐IIb) ratiometric (F1550Em, 808Ex/F1550Em, 980Ex) luminescence nanoprobes by integrating CSQ onto down conversion nanoparticles (DCNPs) with and without liver‐targeting moiety (twin NIR‐IIb nanoprobes). Liver‐targeting probes are employed to monitor MPO release, whereas non‐liver‐targeting probes are utilized to assess MPO activity across all cell types. Using twin NIR‐IIb nanoprobes, the MPO‐mediated oxidative stress progressively increased are observed in carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)‐induced ALI over 12 h. In contrast, the MPO‐mediated oxidative stress in acetaminophen (APAP)‐induced ALI initially increased, peaked within 3 h, and then rapidly weakened to normal levels within 12 h. Importantly, the differential release of MPO from neutrophils/Kupfer cells to extracellular fluids in the two types of ALI is revealed. This work reveals significant differences in MPO distribution and the role of MPO‐mediated oxidative stress in CCl4 and APAP‐induced ALI.
Recent Advances in Enzyme‐based Biofuel Cells Using Glucose Fuel: Achieving High Power Output and Enhanced Operational Stability
Authors: Pak Junha , Chang Woojae , Kwon Cheong Hoon , Cho Jinhan 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAn enzyme‐based biofuel cell (EBFC) is widely regarded as one of the most efficient power sources for bio‐friendly and implantable medical devices, capable of converting electrochemical reactions into electrical currents under physiological conditions. However, despite its potential, the practical and commercial use of EBFCs is limited by their low power output and operational instability. Therefore, significant research efforts have focused on increasing power output and stability by improving electron transfer between enzymes and host electrodes and developing efficient enzyme immobilization techniques. However, most EBFCs produced by current methods still deliver unsatisfactory performance. A promising approach to address these challenges is the use of conductive linkers that promote favorable interfacial interactions between adjacent enzymes and between enzymes and host electrodes. These linkers can facilitate electron transfer and ensure robust enzyme immobilization. In addition, designing the host electrode with a 3D structure and a large surface area can further improve the areal energy performance. This perspective reviews the working principles, types, and electron transfer mechanisms of EBFC electrodes and explores how conductive linkers and 3D host electrodes can enhance the performance of EBFC electrodes. Finally, recent advances in integrating EBFCs into biomedical devices are described.
Wearable Multifunctional Hydrogel for Oral Microenvironment Visualized Sensing Coupled with Sonodynamic Bacterial Elimination and Tooth Whitening
Authors: Dai Chaobo , Shi Zhenghan , Xu Yi , Su Lingkai , Li Xin , Deng Peixue , Wen Hao , Wang Jiahao , Ye Qing , Han Ray P.S. , Liu Qingjun 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBacterial‐driven dental caries and tooth discoloration are growing concerns as the most common oral health problems. Current diagnostic methods and treatment strategies hardly allow simultaneous early detection and non‐invasive treatment of these oral diseases. Herein, a wearable multifunctional double network hydrogel combined with polyaniline and barium titanate (PANI@BTO) nanoparticles is developed for oral microenvironment visualized sensing and sonodynamic therapy. Due to the colorimetric properties of polyaniline, the hydrogel displays a highly sensitive and selective response for visualized sensing of oral acidic microenvironment. Meanwhile, the barium titanate in the hydrogel efficiently generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) under ultrasound irradiation, realizing non‐invasive treatment in the oral cavity. Through bacterial elimination experiments and tooth whitening studies, the hydrogel can achieve the dual effect of effectively inhibiting the growth of cariogenic bacteria and degrading tooth surface pigments. Owing to the visualized sensing of the oral acidic microenvironment and efficient sonodynamic therapy function, the proposed hydrogel system offers a solution for the prevention of caries and tooth whitening, which is promising in developing the biomedical system targeting the simultaneous sensing and therapy for oral diseases.
Multifunctional Analgesic Sutures from Microfluidic Spinning Technology
Authors: Peng Yunan , Shang Yixuan , Che Junyi , Yu Yunru , Zhao Yuanjin , Gu Xiaoping 
Published: October 2024

AbstractSutures are the most commonly used wound repair method after surgery. However, addressing delayed recovery and pain management remains a significant challenge. Here, microfibers are developed from microfluidic spinning with long‐lasting analgesia capabilities for sutures. By using a solvent extraction manner, the polycaprolactone (PCL) microfibers encapsulated with ropivacaine (ROP), a well‐known analgesic, can be continuously obtained from microfluidics. The intrinsic property of PCL and the advantage of microfluidic spinning technique impart the microfiber with highly controlled morphologies, mechanical strengths, as well as drug release. After exploring their biocompatibility both at in vitro and in vivo levels, the microfibers are directly applied to wound suture. The results demonstrate the lasting analgesic effect of the microfiber on mice with incision pain, highlighting its potential as promising suture for post‐surgery treatments. It is anticipated that the multifunctional analgesic sutures produced through microfluidic spinning will pave the way for utilizing fibers as effective sutures in clinical incision wound treatment.
Biocompatible Metal‐Organic Framework‐Based Fabric Composite as an Efficient Personal Protective Equipment for Particulate Matter‐Induced Pulmonary Injury
Authors: Ding Zhen , Bao Xingfu , Chen Tianyan , Zhang Jinming , Xu Chengjing , Tang Nan , Hu Min , Liu Zhen 
Published: October 2024

AbstractEfficient personal protection has emerged as a crucial approach for reducing pulmonary injury induced by particulate matter (PM). However, current personal protective equipments usually lack essential biosafety concerns and fail to own adsorbing/antioxidant/antibacterial function together, making it a challenge to develop an integrated platform with the above characteristics. Herein, a facile oxygen‐free hydrothermal strategy is proposed to synthesize new copper‐based metal‐organic frameworks, Cu‐HHTPs, (HHTP: 2,3,6,7,10,11‐hexahydroxytriphenylene), with great adsorbing/antioxidant/antibacterial activity and high biosafety. The Cu‐HHTPs can serve as an efficient additive incorporated with various fabrics including cellulose acetate (CA) membrane to achieve novel fabric composites, such as CA@Cu‐HHTPs, with ideal scavenging outcome for the main components of PM. Evidenced by the animal experiments, CA@Cu‐HHTPs can highly mitigate PM‐induced adverse effects via adsorbing PM, scavenging ROS, and killing bacteria, leading to a significant reduction in lung permeability, inflammation and oxidative stress, and pulmonary infection. Last but not least, a two‐week exposure of CA@Cu‐HHTPs exhibits no obvious damage toward the animals by examining their long‐term toxicity. Collectively, this study not only highlights the potential of Cu‐HHTPs as attractive additives for the preparation of fabric composites, but also lays out a new concept toward the development of new‐generation multifunctional personal protective equipment against PM.
Full van der Waals Ambipolar Ferroelectric Configurable Optical Hetero‐Synapses for In‐Sensor Computing
Authors: Bai Jinxuan , He Dawei , Dang Bingjie , Liu Keqin , Yang Zhen , Wang Jiarong , Zhang Xiaoxian , Wang Yongsheng , Tao Yaoyu , Yang Yuchao 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe rapid development of visual neuromorphic hardware can be attributed to their ability to capture, store and process optical signals from the environment. The main limitation of existing visual neuromorphic hardware is that the realization of complex functions is premised on the increase of manufacturing cost, hardware volume and energy consumption. In this study, we demonstrated an optical synaptic device based on a three‐terminal van der Waals (vdW) heterojunction that can realize the sensing functions of light wavelength and intensity as well as short‐term and long‐term synaptic plasticity. In the image recognition task, we constructed an optical reservoir neural network (ORNN) and a visible light communication system (VLC) composed of this optical synaptic device. The ORNN has a recognition rate of up to 84.9% for 50 000 color images in 10 categories in the CIFAR‐10 color image dataset, and the VLC system can achieve high‐speed transmission with an ultra‐low power consumption of only 0.4 nW. This work shows that through reasonable design, vdW heterojunction structures have great application potential in low‐power multifunctional fusion application tasks such as visual bionics.
A DNAzyme‐Based Nanohybrid for Ultrasound and Enzyme Dual‐Controlled mRNA Regulation and Combined Tumor Treatment
Authors: Huang Hanji , Chen Yaoxuan , Li Lele , Zheng Li 
Published: October 2024

AbstractDespite the significant potential of RNA‐cleaving DNAzymes for gene regulation, their application is limited by low therapeutic efficacy and lack of cell‐specific control. Here, a DNAzyme‐based nanohybrid designed for ultrasound (US)‐controlled, enzyme‐activatable mRNA regulation is presented, enabling tumor cell‐selective combination therapy. The nanohybrid is constructed by coordination‐directed self‐assembly of an enzymatically‐triggerable therapeutic DNAzyme (En‐Dz) and natural sonosensitizer hemoglobin (Hb). Controlled US exposure induces reactive oxygen species generation from Hb units, which not only facilitates efficient endosomal escape of En‐Dz, but also promotes the translocation of specific enzyme from the nucleus to the cytoplasm, thereby enhancing gene regulation efficacy. Notably, the enzyme‐triggered, spatiotemporally‐controlled activation of En‐Dz's catalytic activity results in enhanced cancer‐cell selectivity in the therapeutic treatment. Furthermore, the combination of enzyme‐activated mRNA regulation and sonodynamic therapy significantly enhances anti‐tumor efficacy both in vitro and in vivo. This work highlights the potential of integrating a sonodynamic strategy to overcome the current limitations of DNAzyme‐based gene regulators, providing a spatiotemporally‐controlled approach for precise tumor treatment.
Designing Impact Resistance and Robustness into Slippery Lubricant Infused Porous Surfaces
Authors: Singh Vikramjeet , Zhang Jianhui , Mandal Priya , Hou Dingyu , Papakonstantinou Ioannis , Tiwari Manish K. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractSlippery lubricant infused porous surfaces (SLIPS) have the potential to address daunting challenges such as undesirable surface fouling/biofouling, icing, etc. However, the depletion of lubricants hampers their practical utility. As a solution, here a rational strategy is introduced that operates synergistically in three parts. First, ultra‐high capillary pressure is exploited from the reticular structure of metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) with sub‐nanometer pores. Second, the need for geometric compatibility is demonstrated; the lubricant chain diameter must be smaller than the MOF pore to enable lubricant chain intercalation. Lastly, the MOF pore chemistry is tailored to achieve a strong intermolecular interaction for any given MOF/lubricant combination. The strategy is investigated through experiments and quantum/molecular simulations, which show that the approach helps lock the intercalated lubricant chains inside the MOF pores and forms a non‐conventional supramolecular structure. The resulting SLIPS (including those with fluorine‐free chemistry) not only show typical low wetting hysteresis, friction, and ice adhesion but are uniquely resistant to more stringent tests such as continuous dripping and sliding of water droplets (up to 50 hrs), repeated impacts of high‐speed water jets (liquid impact Weber number > 4 × 104) and prevent bacterial biofilm formation even in dynamic flow conditions. The findings may widen the practical applications of SLIPS.
Reconstructive Synthesis of Fluorinated Dihydropyrido[1,2‐a] indolones by a Cyclohexadione Cut‐to‐Fuse Strategy
Authors: China Hideyasu , Yoto Yusuke , Sasa Hirotaka , Kikushima Kotaro , Dohi Toshifumi 
Published: October 2024

AbstractWe describe a fluorinative ring‐cleavage reaction that breaks C−C bonds in cyclic β‐diketones bearing an aryl moiety by using N‐fluorobenzenesulfonimide (NFSI) in the presence of inorganic carbonates (Cs2CO3 or K2CO3) in methanol at room temperature within one hour. The generated fluorinated keto acid esters bearing ortho‐nitro aryl groups were transformed into fluorinated dihydropyrido[1,2‐a]indolones (DHPIs) via reductive cyclization using B2(OH)4 followed by amidation in the presence of K2CO3. This “cut‐to‐fuse” strategy enables the reconstructive synthesis of valuable fused heterocycles from relatively simple cyclohexadiones.
Calcium(II)‐Catalyzed Synthesis of Sulfoximinocyclopentenones
Authors: Chen Xiangmeng , Bour Christophe , Kolodziej Emilie , Guillot Régis , George Nicolas S. , Alix Aurélien , Gandon Vincent 
Published: October 2024

AbstractA series of 4‐sulfoximinocyclopent‐2‐en‐1‐ones was prepared in 35 to 99% yield through a calcium(II)‐catalyzed aza‐Piancatelli reaction, including in enantioenriched form. Depending on their substitution pattern, diverse diastereoselective chemical transformations can be applied to these scaffolds, allowing access to cyclopentane derivatives. This study opens synthetic routes to cyclopentane‐based scaffolds and also paves the way for the exploration of the associated chemical space in drug discovery.
Iodine‐Mediated Oxidative C=C Double‐Bond Formation toward Fused Quinolinones and Quinolinium Salts
Authors: Wang Manman , He Yanmin , Chang Junbiao , Yu Wenquan 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAn iodine‐mediated C=C double bond‐forming reaction has been established to access various fused quinolinone derivatives under transition metal‐free conditions. The present reaction is also applicable to the synthesis of fused quinolinium frameworks from the corresponding precursors and can be conducted on a gram scale.
Diastereoselective Intramolecular Spirocyclization via C(sp3)−H Bond Functionalization Towards the Synthesis of 2,7‐Diazaspiro[4.5]decane‐1,3‐diones
Authors: Bhowmik Arup , Naskar Koushik , Roy Shantonu , Sahoo Abhishek , Deb Indubhusan 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe C(sp3)−H functionalization via intramolecular hydride transfer initiated cascade annulation for the synthesis of spiro‐fused succinimide‐containing tetrahydroquinolines induced by iminium intermediates is described. A series of diastereoselective 2,7‐diazaspiro[4.5]decanes‐1,3‐diones were achieved using ortho‐amino‐benzylidene‐succinimide using Lewis acid catalysis. This scandium triflate Sc(OTf)3 catalysed, oxidant‐free protocol leads to the diastereoselective synthesis of a class of 2,7‐diazaspiro[4.5]decanes‐1,3‐diones derivatives with 48–98% yield in a single step.
Effects of AlOx Sub‐Oxide Layer on Conductance Training of Passive Memristor for Neuromorphic Computing
Authors: Xie Qin , Pan Xinqiang , Luo Wenbo , Shuai Yao , Wang Yi , Tong Junde , Zhao Zebin , Wu Chuangui , Zhang Wanli 
Published: October 2024

AbstractMemristors are recognized as crucial devices for the hardware implementation of neuromorphic computing. The conductance training process of memristors has a direct impact on the performance of neuromorphic computing. However, memristor breakdown and conductance decay still hinder the precise training process of neural networks based on passive memristor. Here, AlOx/LiNbO3 (LN) memristors are designed by inserting a AlOx sub‐oxide layer between the single‐crystalline LN thin film with oxygen vacancies (OVs) and Pt layer. Under the same training conditions, lower conductance and self‐compliance current effects are observed in AlOx/LN memristor. Slight spontaneous decay of conductance is achieved after the removal of the external stimulation. To explore the effects of AlOx sub‐oxide layer on the prevention of device breakdown and suppression of conductance decay, the memristive mechanism of devices with and without AlOx layer is revealed via time‐of‐flight secondary ion mass spectrometer (ToF‐SIMS). It is reasonable to believe that the AlOx inserting layer in memristors can serve as a self‐compliance current layer to inhibit device breakdown and provide the OVs reservoir to suppress conductance decay. These results offer new possibilities and theoretical grounds for achieving more reliable and precise conductance training of passive memristors.
Diachronic Height Changes in Europe From the Mesolithic to the Present: Exploring Possible Causes and Regional Specificities
Authors: Negasheva Marina A. , Fedorchuk Olga A. , Khafizova Ainur A. , Movsesian Alla A. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTObjectivesA meta‐analysis of diachronic changes in average height across Europe from the Mesolithic to the present, based on a broad range of literature sources.Materials and MethodsThe analysis of chronological height variability was based on skeletal remains (from the Mesolithic to the 19th century), from which height was reconstructed, and on data from living individuals measured from the late 19th to the early 21st century. In total, data from 73 skeletal series and 342 groups of modern populations, primarily from Eastern Europe, were analyzed. A regression analysis was performed using R to describe the patterns of variability.ResultsThe findings indicate that height decreases during the Neolithic and remains relatively stable until the Medieval period. A decline in average height is observed during the High Medieval period. The Early Modern period marks a transition to the 20th century, during which there is a consistent increase in average height, most pronounced until the 1980s, after which the rate of increase slows slightly into the early 21st century. Temporal height variability in the European part of Russia shows regional differences.ConclusionsThe results suggest a wave‐like pattern of trans‐epochal changes in the somatic status of populations over an extended period, likely driven by various socioeconomic factors that dominated in different historical periods: the transition to agriculture, urbanization, political systems, industrial revolutions, and significant improvements in quality of life. Diachronic changes in height exhibit regional specificities, reflected in the variability of rates and magnitudes of secular gains across different regions and time periods.
Impact of skilled nursing facility quality on Medicare beneficiaries with dementia: Evidence from vacancies
Authors: Kosar Cyrus M. , Mor Vincent , Trivedi Amal N. , Rahman Momotazur 
Published: October 2024

AbstractINTRODUCTIONPeople living with dementia are less likely to be admitted to high‐rated nursing homes than people without dementia, despite their increased care needs. We investigated the effect of admission to nursing homes with higher staffing ratings on adverse outcomes for individuals with and without dementia post‐hospitalization.METHODSAmong Traditional Medicare beneficiaries discharged to nursing homes between 2011 and 2017, we examined the relationship between facility staffing star‐ratings and short‐term readmission and mortality using an instrumental variables approach to account for selection bias. The instrumental variables were the number of nearby vacant beds in high‐rated facilities.RESULTSAdmission to a higher‐rated nursing home lowered post‐discharge mortality risk at 90 days and reduced 30‐ and 90‐day readmission. Point estimates were larger for people with dementia.DISCUSSIONFindings underscore the need for enhancing direct care staffing in nursing homes and addressing access disparities, particularly for individuals with dementia who benefit significantly from high‐quality care.Highlights
We assessed how admission to nursing homes with higher staffing ratings impacted outcomes for individuals with and without dementia by exploiting variation in local bed vacancies as a source of quasi‐random assignment.
For both persons with and without dementia, adjusted short‐term mortality and readmission rates were lower among those discharged to nursing homes with higher staffing ratings.
Effects were larger for persons with dementia, indicating welfare loss from inequitable access to higher‐rated nursing homes.
Increasing staffing in nursing homes and reducing disparities for persons with dementia is essential for enhancing both equity and value.