bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interaction of apelin, elabela and nitric oxide in schizophrenia patients
Authors: Catak Zekiye , Kaya Hilal , Kocdemir Esra , Ugur Kader , Guzel Saadet Pilten , Yardim Meltem , Sahin Ibrahim , Agirbas Esra Piril , Aydin Suleyman 
Published: July 2019

SummaryBackgroundApelin (APLN), elabela (ELA), and nitric oxide (NO) have effects on physiological and behavioural properties in biological systems. This study was designed to determine APLN, ELA and NO levels in schizophrenia patients and assess whether these molecules are of diagnostic value.MethodsA total of 33 schizophrenic patients and 32 age- and sex-adjusted healthy participants were included in the study. ELA, APLN and NO levels were measured using ELISA methods.ResultsAlthough the ELA and NO levels of the patients were lower than the control group, APLN levels were higher (p = 0.039, p = 0.019, p = 0.048, respectively). There was a significant negative correlation between APLN levels and triglyceride (TG) and body mass index (BMI) levels (r = -0.426, p = < 0.001 and r = -0.330, p = 0.007, respectively). Respectively, the areas under the receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curves of the ELA/APLN, ELA/NO and APLN/NO ratios were 0.628, 0.590 and 0.709, 95% confident intervals (CI): 0.491–0.764, 0.450–0.730 and 0.579–0.840.ConclusionsDecreased levels of ELA and NO and increased APLN levels in schizophrenia suggest that these molecules may be involved in its etiopathology. The APLN/NO ratio also seems to show promise in the diagnosis of the disease and may be used in future.
Newborns bilirubin concentration determined by different methods in relation to hematocrit and albumin level
Authors: Berska Joanna , Bugajska Jolanta , Sztefko Krystyna 
Published: July 2019

Summary

Background
Monitoring of bilirubin is essential during early neonatal life. Bilirubin in high concentration is toxic to the brain and might cause irreversible neurological damage. Several different methods for bilirubin determination are available nowadays, but inconsistent results may be obtained. The study aimed to compare dry chemistry methods with vanadate oxidation method for bilirubin determination in relation to hematocrit and albumin level in neonates and infants.

Methods
The study included 98 consecutive serum samples from newborns and infants (47 boys and 51 girls, mean age 19 ± 15 days) treated in the University Children’s Hospital in Krakow. Total bilirubin (TBil) and neonatal bilirubin (NBil) concentration were measured by dry chemistry analyser (Vitros 4600, Ortho Clinical Diagnostics Inc.). Total bilirubin (TBilV) was also measured using vanadate oxidation method (Cormay, Poland). Albumin concentration and blood morphology have been routinely determined in all children.

Results
No significant differences between the mean value of NBil (69.00 ± 67.76 μmol/L), TBil (81.26 ± 70.13 μmol/L) and TBilV (75.90 ± 60.62 μmol/L) were noticed. High coefficient correlation between NBil and TBil as well as between NBil and TBilV were noticed (Pearson’s analysis, r = 0.99, r = 0.97, respectively; p < 0.0001 in both cases). There was a positive correlation between the difference (TBilV – NBil) and hematocrit (p < 0.009, r = 0.2664).

Conclusions
In newborns and infants the same method for bilirubin determination should be used when the concentration of bilirubin is monitored. When using vanadate oxidation method for bilirubin determination, hematocrit value should be taken into account when results are interpreted.
Nitric oxide, lipid peroxidation products, and antioxidants in primary fibromyalgia and correlation with disease severity
Authors: Shukla Varsha , Das Siddharth Kumar , Mahdi Abbas Ali , Agarwal Shweta , Khandpur Sukhanshi 
Published: July 2019

Summary

Background
Fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) is characterized by altered pain perception with chronic, widespread musculoskeletal pain. The relationship between nitric oxide, oxidative stress and the severity of FMS has not been studied. This study evaluated NO levels in plasma, LPO products and antioxidants in Red Cell lysate in patients of FMS and correlated it with disease severity.

Methods
105 FMS patients who fulfilled 1990 ACR Criteria and 105 age- and sex-matched healthy controls were recruited over two years from 2013 to 2015. Antioxidative enzyme activity was assessed by the estimation of catalase, glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione reductase (GR) and superoxide dismutase (SOD). Nitric oxide in plasma, MDA marker of lipid peroxidation (LPO) in the lysate was donen for estimating oxidative stress. FIQR was used to assess the severity of fibromyalgia.

Results
The catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione reductase and glutathione peroxidase levels were significantly low in patients than controls (p<0.001). Plasma NO levels and LPO were also significantly high (p<0.05). NO and LPO levels showed a significant positive correlation with FIQR (r: 0.57, 0.8 and p: <0.001) whereas a negative correlation was observed between antioxidants (Cat, GR and GPx, but not SOD) and FIQR.

Conclusions
Low antioxidants and raised LPO in RBC lysate in patients with FM together with high plasma NO correlated with the severity of FMS.
Carl F. H. Henry’s Regenerational Model of Evangelism and Social Concern and the Promise of an Evangelical Consensus
Authors: Ireland Jerry M. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Carl F. H. Henry has widely been acknowledged for his contributions to evangelical social concern. What has not been fully appreciated though is theological foundations that undergirded Henry’s priority model as it relates to the relationship between the church social and evangelistic mandates. For Henry, the key to both was the doctrine of revelation, and this foundation enabled Henry to uniquely argue for both integration and prioritization. As such, Henry presents a challenge to many contemporary models of evangelism and social concern that set the two on an even plane by locating them within a kingdom rubric. Despite accusations that his theological method fosters information over transformation, Henry hold forth a revelation centered approach with Augustinian roots capable of guiding the contemporary church on the elusive issue of finding a biblical approach to its mission.
Historical or Presuppositional Apologetics: A Henrecian Response to Michael Licona’s New Historiographical Approach
Authors: Roach William C. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Two cross-currents from the twentieth century have affected evangelical apologetics: apologetic methodology and Carl F. H. Henry. Henry was considered the dean of American evangelicalism, who shaped the movement by providing a rational and propositional apologetic. Henry also engaged the issues in the midst of a larger question of apologetic methodology, primarily, between presuppositionalists and evidentialists. This article continues to address the two cross-currents by offering a Henrecian evaluation of Michael Licona’s new historiographical approach to defending the resurrection. In particular, the article attempts to evaluate Licona’s evidentialist approach through the lens of Henry’s presuppositional approach.
Orbit and Axis: Carl F. H. Henry on Revelation and Education
Authors: Wood Jonathan 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Carl F. H. Henry serves as a fruitful resource for the integration of faith and learning. The central issue in Christian scholarship is to properly associate the revelation of God with the knowledge of God’s world across all academic disciplines. The particular effort of this article is to demonstrate the clarity Henry provides as it relates to general revelation, special revelation, and knowledge explored in a comprehensive university setting. Building on Henry’s clarity, an orientation of knowledge to Jesus Christ, a proposal for the resulting vision for Christian scholarship, and habits of Christian educational institutions follows.
Carl Henry Evaluates the Reformation
Authors: Talley Robert W. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
When Carl Henry presented an evaluation of the Reformation and its impact on the worldview of that period, he often put forth the Reformation as an example, which needed emulation by the modern evangelical church. His focus in his evaluation were on actions related to an orthodox view of God’s self-revelation in the areas of epistemology, authority, and life application. Henry’s conviction was that these actions, undertaken particularly by the Reformers Luther and Calvin, were necessary for a redemptive impact on the world through the modern evangelical church.
New thiopyridine complexes: design, electrochemical preparation and biological assessment
Authors: El-Sabbagh Osama I. , Yamany Yamany B. , Eldeab Hany A. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Novel complexes of Ru (III), Cu (II) and Au (III) (2–4) were prepared using 6-phenyl-2-thioxo-4-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2-dihydropyridine-3-carbonitrile (HL, 1) adopting either electrochemical or traditional chemical methods. The electrochemical method is preferred in the synthesis of the complexes than the chemical one because it affords pure products with higher yields in shorter reaction time. The novel thiopyridine complexes were characterized by elemental analyses, IR, 1H, 19F-NMR, TGA and DTA measurements. The antimicrobial activity evaluation revealed that the complex bearing copper metal 3 has nearly the same activity as the reference drug ciprofloxacin. Anti-inflammatory activity evaluation showed that complex 4 containing gold displayed anti-inflammatory activity higher than the reference drug celecoxib upon using carrageenan rat hind paw edema method.
Parents’ Impact Belief in Raising Bilingual and Biliterate Children in Japan
Authors: Nakamura Janice 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Impact belief is the conviction that parents have that they can affect their children’s language development (De Houwer, 1999). This paper investigates how parents’ impact belief is shaped and how it transpires into language management which supports the bilingual and biliterate development of children in exogamous families. Interviews with eight English-speaking parents raising English-Japanese bilingual children in Tokyo, Japan were analyzed using the constructive grounded approach (Charmaz, 2014). The results revealed that the parents’ impact belief was influenced by their individual experiences, the support of their Japanese spouses, and peer influence. Specifically, it was positively affected by other parents with older bilingual children. The parents’ impact belief was also strengthened by their involvement in ‘communities of practice,’ i.e., English playgroup and weekend school. Their strong impact belief led to language management efforts which included their insistence on their children speaking English and the regular practice of home literacy activities.
Cheaper Private Set Intersection via Differentially Private Leakage
Authors: Groce Adam , Rindal Peter , Rosulek Mike 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
In this work we demonstrate that allowing differentially private leakage can significantly improve the concrete performance of secure 2-party computation (2PC) protocols. Specifically, we focus on the private set intersection (PSI) protocol of Rindal and Rosulek (CCS 2017), which is the fastest PSI protocol with security against malicious participants. We show that if differentially private leakage is allowed, the cost of the protocol can be reduced by up to 63%, depending on the desired level of differential privacy. On the technical side, we introduce a security model for differentially-private leakage in malicious-secure 2PC. We also introduce two new and improved mechanisms for “differentially private histogram overestimates,” the main technical challenge for differentially-private PSI.
SecureNN: 3-Party Secure Computation for Neural Network Training
Authors: Wagh Sameer , Gupta Divya , Chandran Nishanth 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Neural Networks (NN) provide a powerful method for machine learning training and inference. To effectively train, it is desirable for multiple parties to combine their data – however, doing so conflicts with data privacy. In this work, we provide novel three-party secure computation protocols for various NN building blocks such as matrix multiplication, convolutions, Rectified Linear Units, Maxpool, normalization and so on. This enables us to construct three-party secure protocols for training and inference of several NN architectures such that no single party learns any information about the data. Experimentally, we implement our system over Amazon EC2 servers in different settings. Our work advances the state-of-the-art of secure computation for neural networks in three ways:
1. Scalability: We are the first work to provide neural network training on Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) that have an accuracy of > 99% on the MNIST dataset;
2. Performance: For secure inference, our system outperforms prior 2 and 3-server works (SecureML, MiniONN, Chameleon, Gazelle) by 6×-113× (with larger gains obtained in more complex networks). Our total execution times are 2 − 4× faster than even just the online times of these works. For secure training, compared to the only prior work (SecureML) that considered a much smaller fully connected network, our protocols are 79× and 7× faster than their 2 and 3-server protocols. In the WAN setting, these improvements are more dramatic and we obtain an improvement of 553×!
3. Security: Our protocols provide two kinds of security: full security (privacy and correctness) against one semi-honest corruption and the notion of privacy against one malicious corruption [Araki et al. CCS’16]. All prior works only provide semi-honest security and ours is the first system to provide any security against malicious adversaries for the secure computation of complex algorithms such as neural network inference and training.
Our gains come from a significant improvement in communication through the elimination of expensive garbled circuits and oblivious transfer protocols.
Setup-Free Secure Search on Encrypted Data: Faster and Post-Processing Free
Authors: Akavia Adi , Gentry Craig , Halevi Shai , Leibovich Max 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
We present a novel secure search protocol on data and queries encrypted with Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE). Our protocol enables organizations (client) to (1) securely upload an unsorted data array x = (x[1], . . . , x[n]) to an untrusted honest-but-curious sever, where data may be uploaded over time and from multiple data-sources; and (2) securely issue repeated search queries q for retrieving the first element (i*, x[i*]) satisfying an agreed matching criterion i* = min { i ∈ [n] | IsMatch(x[i], q) = 1 }, as well as fetching the next matching elements with further interaction. For security, the client encrypts the data and queries with FHE prior to uploading, and the server processes the ciphertexts to produce the result ciphertext for the client to decrypt. Our secure search protocol improves over the prior state-of-the-art for secure search on FHE encrypted data (Akavia, Feldman, Shaul (AFS), CCS’2018) in achieving:
– Post-processing free protocol where the server produces a ciphertext for the correct search outcome with overwhelming success probability. This is in contrast to returning a list of candidates for the client to postprocess, or suffering from a noticeable error probability, in AFS. Our post-processing freeness enables the server to use secure search as a sub-component in a larger computation without interaction with the client.
– Faster protocol: (a) Client time and communication bandwidth are improved by a log2
n/ log log n factor. (b) Server evaluates a polynomial of degree linear in log n (compare to cubic in AFS), and overall number of multiplications improved by up to log n factor. (c) Employing only GF(2) computations (compare to GF(p) for p ≫ in AFS) to gain both further speedup and compatibility to all current FHE candidates.
– Order of magnitude speedup exhibited by extensive benchmarks we executed on identical hardware for implementations of ours versus AFS’s protocols. Additionally, like other FHE based solutions, our solution is setup-free: to outsource elements from the client to the server, no additional actions are performed on x except for encrypting it element by element (each element bit by bit) and uploading the resulted ciphertexts to the server.
New Privacy Threat on 3G, 4G, and Upcoming 5G AKA Protocols
Authors: Borgaonkar Ravishankar , Hirschi Lucca , Park Shinjo , Shaik Altaf 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Mobile communications are used by more than two-thirds of the world population who expect security and privacy guarantees. The 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) responsible for the worldwide standardization of mobile communication has designed and mandated the use of the AKA protocol to protect the subscribers’ mobile services. Even though privacy was a requirement, numerous subscriber location attacks have been demonstrated against AKA, some of which have been fixed or mitigated in the enhanced AKA protocol designed for 5G.
In this paper, we reveal a new privacy attack against all variants of the AKA protocol, including 5G AKA, that breaches subscriber privacy more severely than known location privacy attacks do. Our attack exploits a new logical vulnerability we uncovered that would require dedicated fixes. We demonstrate the practical feasibility of our attack using low cost and widely available setups. Finally we conduct a security analysis of the vulnerability and discuss countermeasures to remedy our attack.
ScrambleDB: Oblivious (Chameleon) Pseudonymization-as-a-Service
Authors: Lehmann Anja 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Pseudonymization is a widely deployed technique to de-sensitize data sets by consistently replacing identifying attributes with non-sensitive surrogates. However, all existing solutions are impractical to deploy in settings where data is accumulated from distributed sources: they either require sharing the same secret key with all sources, or rely on a fully trusted service to consistently compute these pseudonyms. Further, the consistency of pseudonyms, which is required to maintain the data’s utility, comes with inherent and severe privacy limitations. This paper solves the key management and privacy challenges by introducing oblivious pseudonymization-as-a-service. Therein, the pseudonymization is outsourced to a central, yet fully oblivious entity, i.e., the service neither learns the sensitive information nor the pseudonyms it produces. Further, to obtain better privacy we no longer require pseudonyms to be computed consistently and instead introduce a dedicated join procedure. When data is stored at rest, all data is pseudonymized in a fully unlinkable manner. Only when certain subsets of the data are needed, the linkage is established through a controlled and nontransitive join operation. We formally define the desired security properties in the UC framework and propose a generic protocol that provably satisfies them. The core of our scheme is a 3-party oblivious and convertible PRF, which we believe to be of independent interest.
StealthDB: a Scalable Encrypted Database with Full SQL Query Support
Authors: Vinayagamurthy Dhinakaran , Gribov Alexey , Gorbunov Sergey 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Encrypted database systems provide a great method for protecting sensitive data in untrusted infrastructures. These systems are built using either special-purpose cryptographic algorithms that support operations over encrypted data, or by leveraging trusted computing co-processors. Strong cryptographic algorithms (e.g., public-key encryptions, garbled circuits) usually result in high performance overheads, while weaker algorithms (e.g., order-preserving encryption) result in large leakage profiles. On the other hand, some encrypted database systems (e.g., Cipherbase, TrustedDB) leverage non-standard trusted computing devices, and are designed to work around the architectural limitations of the specific devices used.
In this work we build StealthDB – an encrypted database system from Intel SGX. Our system can run on any newer generation Intel CPU. StealthDB has a very small trusted computing base, scales to large transactional workloads, requires minor DBMS changes, and provides a relatively strong security guarantees at steady state and during query execution. Our prototype on top of Postgres supports the full TPC-C benchmark with a 30% decrease in the average throughput over an unmodified version of Postgres operating on a 2GB unencrypted dataset.
Cryptography for #MeToo
Authors: Kuykendall Benjamin , Krawczyk Hugo , Rabin Tal 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Reporting sexual assault and harassment is an important and difficult problem. Since late 2017, it has received increased attention as the viral #MeToo movement has brought about accusations against high-profile individuals and a wider discussion around the prevalence of sexual violence. Addressing occurrences of sexual assault requires a system to record and process accusations. It is natural to ask what security guarantees are necessary and achievable in such a system. In particular, we focus on detecting repeat offenders: only when a set number of accusations are lodged against the same party will the accusations be revealed to a legal counselor. Previous solutions to this privacy-preserving reporting problem, such as the Callisto Protocol of Rajan et al., have focused on the confidentiality of accusers. This paper proposes a stronger security model that ensures the confidentiality of the accuser and the accused as well as the traceability of false accusations. We propose the WhoToo protocol to achieve this notion of security using suitable cryptographic techniques. The protocol design emphasizes practicality, preferring fast operations that are implemented in existing software libraries. We estimate that an implementation would be suitably performant for real-world deployment.
Cognitive entrainment to isochronous rhythms is independent of both sensory modality and top-down attention
Authors: Cutanda Diana , Sanabria Daniel , Correa Ángel 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The anisochrony of a stimulus sequence was manipulated parametrically to investigate whether rhythmic entrainment is stronger in the auditory modality than in the visual modality (Experiment 1), and whether it relies on top-down attention (Experiment 2). In Experiment 1, participants had to respond as quickly as possible to a target presented after a sequence of either visual or auditory stimuli. The anisochrony of this sequence was manipulated parametrically, rather than in an all or none fashion; that is, it could range from smaller to larger deviations of the isochrony (0, 10, 20, 50, 100, 150 and 200 ms). We compared rhythmic entrainment patterns for auditory and visual modalities. Results showed a peak of entrainment for both isochrony and deviations of isochrony up to 50 ms (i.e., participants were equally fast both after the isochronous sequences and after 10, 20 and 50 ms deviations), suggesting that anisochronous sequences can also produce entrainment. Beyond this entrainment window, the reaction times became progressively slower. Surprisingly, no differences were found between the entrainment patterns for auditory and visual rhythms. In Experiment 2, we used a dual-task methodology by adding a working memory n-back task to the procedure of Experiment 1. Results did not show interference of the secondary task in either auditory or visual modalities, with participants showing the same entrainment pattern as in Experiment 1. These results suggest that rhythmic entrainment constitutes a cognitive process that occurs by default (automatically), regardless of the modality in which the stimuli are presented, and independent of top-down attention, to generate behavioural benefits.