bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Orthodontic practice marketing: The orthodontist and laypeople’s perspective
Authors: Jasim Esraa S. , Alnuaimy Noor S. M. , Abid Mushriq , Dziedzic Arkadiusz 
Published: November 2024

OBJECTIVE:
This study aimed to comparatively evaluate the perceptions of laypeople and orthodontists regarding the usefulness of orthodontic practice websites (OPWs) and Internet-based social media (ISM) and to assess whether the content, features, and design of these online information sources meet the expectations of laypeople compared to orthodontists.

MATERIAL AND METHODS:
A cross-sectional, nationwide study was conducted using a pretested and validated electronic questionnaire administered separately to specialist orthodontists and laypeople. A total of 136 orthodontists and 1038 laypeople voluntarily participated. The willingness of specialists to adopt a modern approach to promoting OPWs is explored, and the essential information that should be included in ISM is identified.

RESULTS:
Most orthodontists (52.9%) and laypeople (88.2%) preferred face-to-face communication over online content searching. Both groups consistently identified “contact details” and “types of treatment” as crucial information to be presented on OPWs. Facebook and Instagram were the most popular platforms among both orthodontists and laypeople.

CONCLUSIONS:
Both specialist orthodontists and laypeople should increasingly utilize OPWs due to their comprehensive benefits.
The prevalence of dental anomalies among Saudi Population in Makkah, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Mahjoub Dalal T. , Jarwan Rahaf K. , Filimban Lana A.Z. , Bahatheq Jumanah K. , Alsharif Fayyad S. , Alsharif Omar Abdullah M. , Albalawi Salem H. , Rawas Ahmed E. , Najjar Rahaf S. 
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND:
Morphological and structural abnormalities are common dental anomalies. Identifying DA and determining their prevalence can play an important role in reducing the risk of surgical intervention and improving occlusion, leading to successful dental treatments. Thus, this study aimed to determine the prevalence of DA using panoramic radiographs (OPG) in Makkah, Saudi Arabia according to gender.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
A retrospective radiographic investigation was performed, and the digital OPG of 923 patients (age range, 8–27 years) were collected. Records were collected from patients admitted at a government hospital in Makkah between January 2020 and DA in terms of tooth shape (microdontia, macrodontia, gemination, and fusion), number (supernumerary and congenitally missing teeth), and position (impaction and ectopic eruption). Several other abnormalities, such as ankyloses, dens in dents, dilacerations, and taurodontism, have also been reported. Digital radiographs from patients were systematically evaluated to diagnose each radiograph with consistent screen brightness and resolution.

RESULTS:
The most prevalent DA were impaction (53.8%), hypodontia (13.6%), microdontia (8.2%), and ectopic eruption (6.7%). Taurodontism was observed more frequently in male compared to female (7.5% and 2.2%, respectively). However, there was no significant difference between gender in the distribution of other DA.

CONCLUSION:
This study found that 27.8% of the Saudi population of Makkah city have DA. Clinical examination and radiographic evaluation are crucial for providing the proper treatment for patients seeking dental treatment.
Assessment the thermoforming effect on the physical and mechanical properties of different thermoplastic orthodontic retainers: An in vitro study
Authors: Hamid Doaa N. , AL-Khatieeb Mustafa M. 
Published: November 2024

OBJECTIVES:
As patients are instructed to wear thermoplastic retainers for the rest of their lives, the durability of the materials is a critical factor in evaluating whether the expense is justified. This study examined the physical and mechanical properties of three different thermoplastic retainer materials before and after thermoforming (BT and AT).

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
Clear Advantage Series I, Clear Advantage Series II, and Leone types were used, with each material having a thickness of 1 mm. The materials’ tensile force, hardness, and water absorption tests have been measured for 90 thermoformed and 90 non-thermoformed specimens (30 specimens from each material).

RESULTS:
The tensile force, hardness, and water absorption values of all the materials differed significantly (P ≤ 0.05) BT. Additionally, the majority of the materials showed significant differences in water absorption, hardness, and tensile force (P ≤ 0.05) AT, except the Leone materials, and Clear Advantage Series I did not significantly differ in the case of hardness value. All studied materials showed an increase in hardness and water absorption AT (P ≤ 0.05). At the same time, all of the studied materials showed a significant decrease in tensile force after thermoforming.

CONCLUSION:
Thermoforming increases the material’s water absorption while decreasing its stiffness, affecting its mechanical and physical properties. Clear Advantage Series II (PP) stood out with superior flexibility, wear resistance, and minimal water absorption compared to other materials, highlighting its durability and superiority.
Adult orthodontic consultations in private dental practice: How much information do patients remember when they leave the surgery?
Authors: Grybaite Ausra , Awawdeh Mohammed , Singh Parmjit 
Published: November 2024

OBJECTIVE:
With good communication and information retention being key aspects of valid consent, this study aimed to assess adult patient information recall immediately after an orthodontic consultation.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
Adults interested in bracket-based or clear aligners were invited to take part at a single private dental practice. A 45-minute consultation with one of three general dental practitioners (GDPs) primarily providing orthodontics took place. A participant self-completed questionnaire tested recall of 20 items from the consultation. Demographics such as gender, age, level of English, education level, previous orthodontic experience and having a close family member or friend who had orthodontic treatment were also recorded.

RESULTS:
Forty-two participants completed the questionnaire, and the information recall rate was 75% (mean score = 15). Three of the 42 participants recalled all 20 items. No statistically significant differences (P < 0.05) were found between information recall and any demographic variable, however, older participants (36 years and over) scored less (mean = 13.83) than participants 18-25 years (mean = 15.6).

CONCLUSIONS:
A quarter of information provided during an orthodontic consultation with a GDP in a private dental practice cannot be recalled immediately afterwards by patients and so it is recommended that any verbal or visual information is always supplemented with written information.
Evaluation of the Effect of Silver Diamine Fluoride on Discoloration of Teeth Filled with Composite Resin Restoration: In vitro Study
Authors: Sakr Ola M. , Alharbi Amirah M. , Alkhuwaiter Shahad S. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Discoloration of teeth is one of the undesirable consequences of silver diamine fluoride (SDF).

Aims and Objectives:
This study aimed to evaluate the scientific evidence regarding the effect of SDF on tooth discoloration filled with composite resin restoration in different periods.

Materials and Methods:
Forty-five extracted human premolar permanent teeth are obtained from periodontal therapy or orthodontic therapy. The teeth are divided into groups A, B, and C (n = 15) in which group A served as the control group and only received composite restoration. The other two groups received composite applications on one of two schedules (immediately after the SDF application vs. delayed by 4 weeks after the SDF application).

Results:
There was no statistical difference in color changes either with immediate or delayed composite application to treated teeth with SDF.

Conclusion:
Under laboratory conditions, delayed application of composite after SDF shows less discoloration than the immediate composite application.
Effects of Knowledge and Attitude, E-Health Literacy, and Health Self-Efficacy on COVID-19 Vaccine Intention in India
Authors: Chandra Anamika , Sharma Devina , Pandya Apurvakumar , Datey Arpit , Singh Ashu 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
A number of strategies were used to stop the COVID-19 worldwide pandemic. The most promising method for saving people against the pandemic proved to be vaccination.

Aims and Objectives:
The current study aims to determine and examine the factors influencing the intentions for COVID-19 vaccine uptake in the Indian population.

Materials and Methods:
Accordingly, a survey was performed to obtain information regarding attitude and intentions on vaccination against COVID-19, knowledge on vaccination against SARS-CoV-2, e-health literacy. Using Smart PLS version 4, structural equation modeling was used to analyze the data.

Results and Conclusion:
E-health literacy indirectly caused variance in COVID-19 vaccine intentions, whereas knowledge and attitude (β =0.685) and health self-efficacy (β =0.673) directly influenced COVID-19 vaccine intentions.
Unusual Presentation of Spontaneous Bilateral Nasal Septal Abscess: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Erwe Ibrahem Hamad , Alqarni Ahmed Yahya , Asiry Ali Jaber , Alqahtani Abdulrahman J. , Alzubaidi Atheer Abdulaziz 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Spontaneous nasal septal abscess (NSA) is a relatively uncommon medical condition associated with a heightened risk of severe complications and unfavorable outcomes. Despite only a limited number of the reported cases involving immunocompetent individuals, we present a unique instance involving a 34-year-old healthy male. Following diagnosis, the patient received prompt treatment resulting in excellent outcomes during subsequent follow-ups. Our case report includes a comprehensive analysis of published cases in the literature pertaining to spontaneous nasal septal hematoma and abscess. It is noteworthy that even individuals without preexisting risk factors or a history of trauma can develop a spontaneous NSA or hematoma. Recognizing the condition early and intervening promptly are crucial factors in mitigating potentially serious risks associated with this condition.
On Riemannian and Ricci curvatures of homogeneous Finsler manifolds
Authors: Tayebi A. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe famous Cheng-Shen’s conjecture in Riemann-Finsler geometry claims that every n-dimensional closed W-quadratic Randers manifold is a Berwald manifold. In this paper, first we study the Riemann and Ricci curvatures of homogeneous Finsler manifolds and obtain some rigidity theorems. Then, by using this investigation, we construct a family of W-quadratic Randers metrics which are not R-quadratic nor strongly Ricci-quadratic.
The Potency of Centella asiatica Leaf Extract on VEGF Expression and Angiogenesis in Second-Degree Burn Wound in Mice
Authors: Utoyo Frederick Surya , Widowati Wahyu , Ratnawati Hana 
Published: November 2024

Burn injuries present a significant global health challenge, with the highest incidence rates reported in Southeast Asia, including Indonesia. Healing burn wounds is a complex and dynamic process involving various cellular and molecular mechanisms, prominently featuring the role of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) in tissue regeneration and wound repair. VEGF is crucial for inducing and regulating angiogenesis and supplying oxygen and nutrients to the healing tissue. This study aims to evaluate the potential of pegagan (Centella asiatica) leaf extract cream 1%, 3%, and 5% daily for 14 days in enhancing VEGF expression and angiogenesis in second-degree burn wounds in mice (Mus musculus). This study investigates the application of C. asiatica extract cream on second-degree burn wounds in mice, comparing its effects on VEGF protein expression and angiogenesis to those of base cream and silver sulfadiazine cream, with outcomes evaluated using immunohistochemistry (IHC) and hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining methods. Our findings suggest that C. asiatica extract cream promotes reduced burn wound size, significant upregulated VEGF expression, and enhanced angiogenesis in treating burn wounds compared to positive control, with a 5% dose having the best result. The study concludes that C. asiatica extract cream may effectively treat burn wound healing through enhancing VEGF expression and angiogenesis.
Optimization of Genetic Material Extraction Techniques and Application of Isothermal Amplification Method for Field Authentication of Two Thresher Sharks (Alopias pelagicus and Alopias superciliosus)
Authors: Aldina Vatia Dwi Rizki Ramadhani , Abdullah Asadatun , Rianti Puji , Jacoeb Agoes Mardiono 
Published: November 2024

The pelagic thresher shark (Alopias pelagicus) and bigeye thresher shark (Alopias superciliosus) are important shark species for Indonesia's consumption and finning industry. Both Alopias species are included in the CITES appendix II, thus requiring certain documents for trading. Regarding species identification for on-site application, the DNA isolation method is a crucial step. In this study, we developed a DNA isolation method suitable for on-site application based on isothermal amplification (LAMP) and species-specific COI gene markers. Three different extraction methods were applied, namely modified spin column kits and dipsticks. The quality of DNA was evaluated and tested for isothermal amplification using a reference sample, fresh fillet, and ethanol-preserved sample. The extracted sample concentration was in the range of 135.35-0.65 ng/μL. The LAMP test showed that three different DNA extraction methods successfully amplified the DNA fragments through the color changes at the end point of the LAMP reaction. The LAMP test was also sufficient to detect less than 10 ng of DNA from A. pelagicus and A. superciliosus within 30-50 min. The DNA from the modified spin column and dipstick extraction method combined with LAMP can potentially be used to detect Alopias pelagicus and Alopias superciliosus species on-site.
Small But Healthy: An Adaptive Response in Baduy Children
Authors: Rohmatullayaly Eneng Nunuz , Shelvie Raffiza Nasihin  , Kharisma Nurinsani Maulidinda  , Sinta Septi Pangastuti  , Tetri Widiyani  
Published: November 2024

Life history explains natural selection, resulting in phenotypic plasticity that can be studied through the growth pattern (growth rate and body size). The Baduy People, one of the indigenous peoples in Indonesia, exhibit prolonged growth, a slow growth rate, a low peak growth spurt, and small adult size as an adaptation to challenging biocultural conditions. The life history trade-offs of the Baduy People are demonstrated by ontogenetic allometry, which synchronizes between skeletal growth and future reproduction. The study aims to characterize the growth of Baduy children aged 0-5 years with more precise ‘tracking’ of developmental plasticity. We collected anthropometric data (body height-BH, body weight-BW, head circumference-HC, body mass index-BMI) using a cross-sectional method from 118 girls and 97 boys aged 0-5 years across 24 Baduy Luar hamlets. Data were analyzed with Generalized Additive Models for Location, Scale, and Shape (GAMLSS) in R version 4.2.1. Nutritional statuses were categorized based on the BMI z-score. The growth pattern showed a decline in growth rate after birth until 2 or 3 years, but the body size increased yearly. The body size (BH and BW) of Baduy children is lower than the Indonesian National Synthetic Growth Charts (INSGC), but most of them have a good nutritional status (>80%). This finding is consistent with the "small but healthy" hypothesis: a small body is an advantageous evolutionary strategy for energy efficiency and maximizing growth potential in challenging biocultural conditions.
Dynamic Changes of Gut Microbiome in Borneo Earless Monitor Lizard Across Different Diets
Authors: Diana Milsa Solva , Fitri Ainissya , Anja Meryandini , Ridwan Roni 
Published: November 2024

The Borneo earless monitor lizard (Lanthanotus borneensis) is one of the endemic animals of Indonesia. In 2019, the IUCN listed L. borneensis as an ‘endangered’ species. The declining population of the L. borneensis is a major concern for conservation efforts. One of the efforts to conserve endangered wild animals is to know the gut microbiome profile and the relationship between the host and the bacterial community in the body, which is associated with an influence on health. This research aims to determine the gut microbiome profile of animals with metagenomic analysis using Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS). This research was carried out by providing three feed types: earthworms, shrimp, and fish. Sample feces was collected by cloacal swabs and the DNA was sequenced using the Illumina NGS technique in the V4 16S rRNA region to examine the gut microbiome. The results of the metagenomic analysis showed differences in bacterial abundance in each feed treatment. The L. borneensis treated with earthworms and fish were dominated at the phylum level by Proteobacteria and Bacteriodota, while in shrimp, the phyla were Proteobacteria and Firmicutes. Index Shanon, Simpson, and the rarefaction curve also showed the highest bacterial diversity found in the fish treatment. This study can be used as a reference in designing suitable feed formulations for effective captive breeding for the conservation of L. borneensis
Assessment and Computational Estimation of Omeprazole and Levosulpiride Impurities in Fixed Dose Combination by AQbD Approach
Authors: Gharge Vikram , Jadhao Satish , Jadhav Balasaheb , Bang Pranav , Hendge Gurudatt , Jadhav Nayan , Mulik Rutuja , Bhange Shubham , Ingole Laxman 
Published: November 2024

This study focuses on novel high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method to simultaneously identify and quantify degradation products of esomeprazole and levosulpiride in capsule dosage form, enhancing analytical precision and reliability. The gradient was thoroughly optimized for proper separation of all the peaks in the chromatogram. Chromatographic separation was obtained on Octadecylsilane 250 x 4.6 mm, 5 µm column. Mobile phase A consisting of buffer (Ammonium acetate 50 mM) pH 5.0: Acetonitrile: Water, in ratio 10:10:80 (v/v), whereas mobile phase B consisting of Acetonitrile and Water in ratio 80:20 (v/v). Gradient programme was set as follow: time in min/% of mobile phase A 0/100, 10/80, 15/80, 30/20, 35/100, 45/100. The flow rate was 1.0 mL/min-1 with UV detection at 302 nm. The method development incorporated an analytical quality by design (AQbD) approach, offering a systematic optimization strategy employing Box-Behnken design. The developed method was aligned and validated according to the ICH guidelines.

Received: 23 July 2024 | Revised: 21 October 2024 | Accepted: 15 November 2024

Conflicts of Interest
The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest to this work.

Data Availability Statement
Data available on request from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

Author Contribution Statement
Vikram Gharge: Conceptualization, Supervision, Project administration; Satish Jadhao: Conceptualization, Methodology, Supervision, Project administration; Balasaheb Jadhav: Methodology; Pranav Bang: Software, Formal analysis, Investigation, Data curation, Writing - original draft, Writing - review & editing, Visualization; Gurudatt Hendge: Validation, Formal analysis, Data curation, Writing - original draft, Writing - review & editing, Visualization; Nayan Jadhav: Formal analysis, Investigation, Data curation, Writing - original draft, Writing - review & editing, Visualization; Rutuja Mulik: Formal analysis, Resources, Data curation, Writing - original draft, Writing - review & editing, Visualization; Shubham Bhange: Formal analysis, Investigation, Data curation, Writing - original draft, Writing - review & editing, Visualization; Laxman Ingole: Formal analysis, Resources, Data curation, Writing - original draft, Writing - review & editing, Visualization.
Exploring Mediation Competence and Awareness in Elementary Learners: A CEFR Basic User Level Analysis
Authors: Jeon Jihye 
Published: November 2024

This study examined elementary school learners' mediation competence and awareness based on the Basic user framework of the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR). A mixed-methods approach was employed to assess the learners' mediation competence and awareness during functional-integrated lessons incorporating both individual and group activities. English and Korean were strategically integrated using Google Translator as a mediation tool to help learners understand and express their thoughts in English. Classroom interactions were qualitatively analyzed, focusing on learners' speech and behaviors concerning the CEFR Basic user 'can-do' statements. Pre-surveys and post-surveys were conducted to measure changes in learners' mediation awareness using the same mediation scale. The results indicated an overall improvement in mediation awareness after 12 sessions, with significant improvements in Mediating a text but more moderate gains in Mediating concepts and Mediating communication. Interviews revealed that translation, summarization activities, and peer support helped learners build confidence in using English and enhanced their understanding of concepts. However, the impact of translation tools varied by proficiency level, with lower-proficiency learners benefiting more than higher-proficiency learners. The study also acknowledged the limitation of a small sample size, suggesting that future research with a larger and more diverse group of participants is necessary to explore the broader applicability of these findings. This research contributes to the understanding of mediation as an active component of language learning. It highlights the potential of CEFR mediation elements to enhance communicative competence in elementary EFL settings.

Received: 20 July 2024 | Revised: 8 October 2024 | Accepted: 18 November 2024

Conflicts of Interest
The author declares that she has no conflicts of interest to this work.

Data Availability Statement
Data sharing is not applicable to this article as the data analyzed involves sensitive information regarding learners' speech and behaviors. To protect the privacy and confidentiality of the participants, the data cannot be shared publicly.

Author Contribution Statement
Jihye Jeon: Conceptualization, Methodology, Validation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Resources, Data curation, Writing - original draft, Writing - review & editing, Visualization, Supervision, Project administration.