bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Revisiting the Plasmodium falciparum druggable genome using predicted structures and data mining
Authors: Godinez-Macias Karla P. , Chen Daisy , Wallis J. Lincoln , Siegel Miles G. , Adam Anna , Bopp Selina , Carolino Krypton , Coulson Lauren B. , Durst Greg , Thathy Vandana , Esherick Lisl , Farringer Madeline A. , Flannery Erika L. , Forte Barbara , Liu Tiqing , Magalhaes Luma Godoy , Gupta Anil K. , Istvan Eva S. , Jiang Tiantian , Kumpornsin Krittikorn , Lobb Karen , McLean Kyle , Moura Igor M. R. , Okombo John , Payne N. Connor , Plater Andrew , Rao Srinivasa P. S. , Siqueira-Neto Jair L. , Somsen Bente A. , Summers Robert L. , Zhang Rumin , Gilson Michael K. , Gamo Francisco-Javier , Campo Brice , Baragaña Beatriz , Duffy James , Gilbert Ian H. , Lukens Amanda K. , Dechering Koen J. , Niles Jacquin C. , McNamara Case W. , Cheng Xiu , Birkholtz Lyn-Marie , Bronkhorst Alfred W. , Fidock David A. , Wirth Dyann F. , Goldberg Daniel E. , Lee Marcus C.S. , Winzeler Elizabeth A. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

The identification of novel drug targets for the purpose of designing small molecule inhibitors is key component to modern drug discovery. In malaria parasites, discoveries of antimalarial targets have primarily occurred retroactively by investigating the mode of action of compounds found through phenotypic screens. Although this method has yielded many promising candidates, it is time- and resource-consuming and misses targets not captured by existing antimalarial compound libraries and phenotypic assay conditions. Leveraging recent advances in protein structure prediction and data mining, we systematically assessed the Plasmodium falciparum genome for proteins amenable to target-based drug discovery, identifying 867 candidate targets with evidence of small molecule binding and blood stage essentiality. Of these, 540 proteins showed strong essentiality evidence and lack inhibitors that have progressed to clinical trials. Expert review and rubric-based scoring of this subset based on additional criteria such as selectivity, structural information, and assay developability yielded 67 high priority candidates. This study also provides a genome-wide data resource and implements a generalizable framework for systematically evaluating and prioritizing novel pathogenic disease targets.
Synergistic Improvement of Stone Matrix Asphalt Mixtures Incorporating Reclaimed Asphalt Aggregates and Warm Mix Additives Using Multivariate Analysis
Authors: N Jivitha , A Ramesh , V Venkat Ramayya , M Kumar 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

The demand for sustainable, eco-friendly and economically viable road construction methods has spurred researchers to explore the integration of Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP)-derived aggregates and warm mix additives into Stone Matrix Asphalt (SMA) mixtures. In pursuit of this goal, this study seeks to pinpoint the optimal material composition for SMA by incorporating RAP and warm mix additives. Diverse SMA mixes were prepared as per MS-2 manual series with PMB 70, 13.2 mm Nominal Maximum Aggregate Size, varying proportions of RAP (20–40%), warm mix additives (2–5%) and waste cooking oil (WCO) as rejuvenating agent. Laboratory tests viz. Saturates-Aromatics-Resins-Asphaltenes (SARA) Analysis, Marshall parameters, Indirect Tensile Strength, Moisture Susceptibility, Resilient Modulus and Rutting Resistance were performed. Grey relational analysis was employed to establish correlations between performance parameters and prioritize them accordingly. Heat maps were generated using the Python Jupiter platform for better visualization of results. The laboratory evaluations revealed that SMA mixtures formulated with 3% Sasobit in Polymer-Modified Bitumen (PMB) and 30% RAP along with 6% WCO exhibited exceptional performance across all test parameters. Grey relational grades provided coefficients for the test parameters, facilitating the ranking of potential mixtures based on overall performance and aiding in the selection of the most suitable mix designs. The results underscored the effectiveness of warm mix additives and the synergistic benefits of RAP in enhancing the performance properties of SMA mixtures. The current study supports up the idea of using WMA technology in combination with 6%WCO and 30% RAP in SMA mixtures produced with PMB. These findings offer valuable insights for the development and selection of SMA mixtures that promote enhanced efficacy and sustainable road construction practices.
The Efficacy and Safety of Early Treatment with Rituximab in Children with steroid-sensitive Nephrotic Syndrome: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Zhang Xiaoyue , Deng fang 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of early Rituximab (RTX) treatment in reducing relapses within two years for newly diagnosed steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome (SSNS).
Methods: A randomized controlled trial was conducted in the Anhui Children's Hospital from June 2021 to February 2022. This prospective study included 30 children diagnosed with initial SSNS who were randomly divided into RTX and steroid control groups. The RTX group received 375 mg/m2 RTX within one week, while the control group underwent standard treatment according to current evidence-based guidelines. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to assess relapse-free survival rates and the incidence of frequent relapsing nephrotic syndrome/steroid-dependent nephrotic syndrome (FRNS/SDNS). Analysis of variance was employed to evaluate IL-8 levels before and after treatment.
Results: The two-year survival curves, with relapse as the endpoint event, showed significant differences between the RTX and steroid control groups (log-rank test c2=5.49, P<0.05). The two-year relapse-free survival rates were 57.14% and 21.42% for the RTX and control groups, respectively. In the RTX group, IL-18 decreased significantly from 55.90±12.36 pre-treatment to 24.98±1.96 one month post-treatment (P<0.05).
Conclusion: Early RTX treatment can improve relapse-free survival rates in pediatric SSNS patients. IL-18 levels decrease one month after RTX treatment. This therapy is relatively safe, and no severe adverse reactions were observed.
Development of Arduino-based Electronic Component Testing Device
Authors: Entienza Rexcel 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

As advancements in electronics continued, the limitations of traditional component testers became increasingly evident. Most available testers were designed to evaluate a single component type, resulting in a circuit testing process that was often cumbersome and time-consuming. This inefficiency posed challenges to both learning and innovation in educational and professional environments. To address the growing demand for more efficient and versatile testing tools, the development of a multi-component tester became crucial. The proposed project aimed to create an integrated electronic components tester capable of evaluating a wide range of components, including integrated circuits (ICs), resistors, transistors, and capacitors. This all-in-one device was designed to streamline the testing process, improving the user experience in electronics laboratories and supporting professionals in the fields of electronics repair and development.
Hepatoprotective Potential of Methanolic Extracts from Jatropha integerrima Leaves Against Carbon Tetrachloride (CCl4) Induced Rat Model.
Authors: Yousaf Faha , Iqbal Zafar 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Introduction: Liver diseases are a significant public health issue globally, often caused by exposure to hepatotoxins like carbon tetrachloride (CCl4), which induces oxidative stress and liver injury. Natural compounds, particularly plant-based products, have gained attention for their hepatoprotective properties. Jatropha integerrima, a plant known for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, has not been extensively studied for its hepatoprotective effects against CCl4 induced liver damage.Methodology: Methanolic extracts of Jatropha integerrima leaves were prepared using a Soxhlet extraction method. Forty Sprague Dawley rats were divided into five groups: a control group, a CCl4-treated group, a silymarin-treated group (standard treatment), and two groups treated with low (200 mg/kg) and high (400 mg/kg) doses of the Jatropha extract. Liver function biomarkers, including bilirubin, alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP), were measured. Oxidative stress markers, total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and total oxidative stress (TOS), were also evaluated. Histopathological analysis of liver tissues was performed to assess structural damage.Results: CCl4-induced liver damage resulted in significant increases in serum liver enzymes and oxidative stress markers. Treatment with Jatropha integerrima extract significantly reduced ALT, AST, ALP, and bilirubin levels in a dose-dependent manner. The high-dose group showed reductions comparable to silymarin. TAC levels were significantly improved, while TOS levels were reduced. Histopathological analysis revealed that the high-dose Jatropha group showed near-complete restoration of liver architecture, with reduced necrosis and inflammation.Discussion: The hepatoprotective effects of Jatropha integerrima may be due to high concentrations of polyphenols and flavonoids available in this plant to counter act the free radicals and oxidative stress. These results confirm to other research on other species of Jatropha and increase the therapeutic value of Jatropha integerrima as a natural means to treating hepatotoxicity ailments.Conclusion: Methanolic extracts of Jatropha integerrima provide substantial hepatic protection against CCl4 induced liver injury in rats through marked improvement in liver function, reduction of oxidative stress and better maintenance of hepatic morphology. These findings indicated that Jatropha integerrima might provide a promising alternative for treating any kind of liver diseases and this study has to pave the way for further research in order to discover the full potential and efficacy of Jatropha integerrima in treating diseases of the liver.
Analysis of Gene Expression Linked to Efflux Pumps and Porins in Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolates
Authors: Rahi Alya Amer 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background:
Efflux pumps (EPs) are essential in bacterial resistance, actively expelling antibiotics to reduce susceptibility. In Pseudomonas aeruginosa, they show a role in multi-drug resistance. Porin modifications, are serious for carbapenem uptake, and enhance resistance by restricting antibiotic entry.
Objective:
This study investigates the roles of efflux pumps and porins in antibiotic resistance, aiming to guide more effective treatment strategies for Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections.
Materials and Methods:
A total of 300 clinical specimens were collected from Hilla Teaching Hospitals between January and June 2024, comprising wounds (40%), burns (40%), blood (12%), and urine (8%). Bacteria were cultured, identified through Gram staining and biochemical tests, and confirmed as Pseudomonas aeruginosa (8.33%) via the Vitek-2 system. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was conducted for 16 antibiotics. Efflux pump genes (adeB, adeJ) were detected using PCR, and their expression was quantified through RT-qPCR.
Results:
Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates showed high resistance to β-lactams, carbapenems, and aminoglycosides, with colistin remaining effective. The adeB gene was present in all isolates, while adeJ was absent. Overexpression of OperD (80%) and adeB (44%) was observed, alongside complete downregulation of the CarO gene (100%).
Conclusion:
This study identified Pseudomonas aeruginosa in 8.33% of clinical specimens, revealing key resistance mechanisms, including OperD and adeB overexpression and CarO downregulation.
Introducing Cryptographic Behavioral Signatures for Ransomware Detection: A Novel Approach Using Hybrid Computational Profiling
Authors: Algarica Naomi , Winterburn Imogen , Penrose James , Greythorne Katrina 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Emerging threats in cybersecurity necessitate innovative detection methodologies capable of addressing rapidly evolving attack mechanisms. Cryptographic Behavioral Signatures (CBS) were introduced as a dual-layered approach integrating cryptographic analysis with behavioral profiling to enhance the detection of malicious activities within digital systems. The framework achieved robust detection capabilities across diverse ransomware families through the systematic identification of cryptographic entropy anomalies and behavioral deviations from normal operational patterns. Experimental evaluations demonstrated high detection accuracy, with minimal false positive and false negative rates, even under conditions of significant noise and computational complexity. A modular architectural design enabled seamless integration into distributed environments, maintaining consistent performance while balancing computational efficiency and scalability. Unlike traditional signature-based or heuristic approaches, CBS achieved adaptability to previously unseen threats through intrinsic profiling mechanisms, reducing dependency on extensive labeled datasets. Quantitative analyses highlighted the framework’s resilience against adversarial evasion tactics, as well as its ability to detect zero-day attacks through entropy-based cryptographic markers. Comparative evaluations demonstrated its superiority over conventional methods, particularly in environments demanding precision and low latency. System resource utilization metrics further validated its feasibility for deployment in resource-constrained and large-scale infrastructures. Comprehensive testing across encryption depths and noise levels provided additional evidence of its operational reliability. The research demonstrated the potential for bridging theoretical advancements in profiling with practical applications in threat mitigation. By leveraging the unique behavioral and cryptographic markers of malware, the framework addressed critical gaps in the cybersecurity landscape while offering a scalable and adaptive solution to evolving challenges.
СОВРЕМЕННОЕ ЛАТЕНТНОЕ ВАРВАРСТВО: ПРОИСХОЖДЕНИЕ, СУЩНОСТЬ И НЕОПРЕДЕЛЕННОСТЬ
Authors: А.В. БУДАНОВ 
Published: November 2024

Целью статьи является анализ происхождения и проявлений современного латентного варварства. Приведено общее определение этого типа варварства. Конкретизированы дефиниции варварство скрытое, варварство скрываемое. Рассмотрены современные предпосылки, причины и условия существования и развития латентного варварства. Специально проанализирована роль диалектики цивилизационных процессов и возможностей их реверсивной динамики в развитии современного латентного варварства. Противоречия между уровнем развития гуманистических начал современной цивилизации и нарастанием варварства как результата современного цивилизационного кризиса охарактеризованы в качестве базового условия существования и развития латентного варварства. Показана особая опасность этого типа варварства для современных цивилизационных процессов и его разрушительноe воздействиe на личность. Намечены некоторые пути дальнейшего исследования проблемы.
The aim of the article is the analysis of the origin and the manifestations of the modern latent barbarity. The common definition of that type of barbarity was given. The definitions as hidden barbarity, hides barbarity made more concrete. The modern prerequisites, reasons and conditions of appearance and development of the latent barbarity were analyzed. The role of the dialectics of the civilizational processes and the possibility of its reverse dynamics in the development of the modern latent barbarity were analyzed specially. The contradictions between the level of development of humanistic principles of the modern civilization and the increase of barbarity, which is the result of the modern civilizational crisis, were characterized as the basic condition of the appearance and the development of the latent barbarity. The particular danger of that type of barbarity for the modern civilizational processes and its destructive influence on the person are characterized. Some ways of the further investigation of the problem were outlined.
ЛАТЕНТНОЕ ВАРВАРСТВОУ ФУКИДИДА
Authors: И.Е. СУРИКОВ 
Published: November 2024

В отличие от Геродота, у которого тема мир эллинства мир варварства проходит через весь труд, в сочинении Фукидида варвары появляются относительно редко. Конечно, нельзя сказать, что совсем не появляются: достаточно вспомнить душераздирающее описание резни наемникамифракийцами жителей беотийского Микалесса. Однако основной пафос Истории Фукидида в другом: показать, как многолетняя, кровопролитная, а главное междоусобная и братоубийственная война самих греков делает как бы варварами в худшем смысле слова, то есть манифестирует в них черты латентного варварства. Встатье указывается, что лексика, связанная с варварами и варварством, в труде Фукидида распределена неравномерно. Чаще всего она фиксируется в первой книге, которая наименее однородна по содержанию. В так называемой Археологии, в частности, имплицитно ставится вопрос о различиях между эллинами и варварами. Историк отмечает, что есть на окраинах Греции племена, которые хотя этнически и являются эллинами, но по реалиям жизни больше похожи на варваров (например, этолийцы). Но в дальнейшем по ходу повествования всё более нагромождается некая всеобщая варваризация в Элладе с соответствующей эскалацией жестокости. Данной тематике посвящены несколько эмоциональных, гневных пассажей Фукидида.
Unlike Herodotus, whose work is full with the world of Hellenism the world of Barbarism topic, in Thucydides treatise barbarians appear relatively seldom. Surely it is impossible to say that they never appear: it suffices to recollect the breathtaking description of the massacre made by Thracian soldiers in Mycalessus, Boeotia. However, the main pathetic of Thucydides Histories is another: to demonstrate how a long bloody war among Greeks makes them looking like barbarians in the worst meaning of the word, that is, manifests features of latent barbarity in them. The article points that vocabulary connected with barbarity and barbarians is distributed not in equal measure in different parts of Thucydides work. Most often it is used in Book One, which is the least homogeneous in its content. In socalled Archaeology, in particular, a question is implicitly posed on differences between Hellenes and barbarians. The historian notes that at the periphery of Greece there are tribes (for example, Aetolians), which, although Greek ethnically, are more similar to barbarians by features of their life. But further in the course of narration there appears the growth of a kind of general barbarization in Hellas, with corresponding escalation of cruelty. Several emotional, even angry passages are devoted by Thucydides to this theme.
ЛАТЕНТНОЕ ВАРВАРСТВО КАК МОТИВАНТИВАНДАЛЬСКОЙ РИТОРИКИВ СОЧИНЕНИЯХБЛОССИЯ ЭМИЛИЯ ДРАКОНЦИЯ
Authors: И.М. НИКОЛЬСКИЙ 
Published: November 2024

В статье на примере творчества карфагенского поэта V в. Драконция рассматривается феномен латентного варварства как инструмента политической пропаганды в Поздней Античности. Основная идея состоит в том, что значительная часть его произведений, независимо от жанра и времени создания (среди них Искупление, Контроверсия о статуе храброго мужа, Трагедия Ореста и другие) содержат скрытую антивандальскую инвектику. Расшифровать ее оказывается возможным, обратив внимание на систему сквозных образов и терминов, выставляющих варваров в неприглядном свете.
The article deals with the problem of the latent barbarity as an instrument of political propaganda in Late Antiquity, by the case of Dracontius, a 5th century Carthaginian poet. The main idea is that most of his works, whatever their genre and time of creation (there are Satisfactio, Controversia de statua viri fortis, Orestis Tragoedia among them and others), contain implicit antiVandal invectics. It can be deciphered when drawing the attention on the system of crosscutting images and terms, showing the barbarians in an unflattering light.
БЛЕСК И НИЩЕТА КИРЕНЕИ: ЛАТЕНТНОЕ ВАРВАРСТВОВ «ЦИВИЛИЗОВАННЫХ» ОДЕЖДАХ
Authors: Л.Л. СЕЛИВАНОВА 
Published: November 2024

В работе предпринята попытка взглянуть на события последнего десятилетия в одной из горячих точек планеты через прошлое в контексте проблематики цивилизация и варварство. Цель статьи выяснить, для чего использовалось, как проявлялось и к чему приводило латентное (скрываемое) варварство завоевателей в регионе Северной Африки в античную эпоху и в новейшее время. В связи с этим ставится задача: рассмотреть внутреннюю политику римлян в провинции Киренаика, колониальную компанию итальянских фашистов в Северной Африке и НАТОвскую интервенцию Ливии в 2011 г. Автор показывает, в какие разнообразные цивилизованные одеяния облачается латентное варварство ради достижения своих целей.
This article looks at recent developments in one of the most politically vulnerable regions of the world through its more distant past within the theoretical context of relationship between civilization and barbarism. The author demonstrates the similarity of purpose, attributes, and outcomes of the latent (crypto) barbarism of foreign invaders in northern Africa during the ancient and modern periods, by offering a diachronic comparison of Roman policy in the province of Cyrenaica, the colonial wars of Italian Fascism in northern Africa, and the military intervention of NATO in Libya in 2011. Putting such evidence together offers an ample illustration of how the latent barbarism has used the guise of promoting progress and civilization to pursue its own interests.