bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Does Media Coverage Drive Public Support for UKIP or Does Public Support for UKIP Drive Media Coverage?
Authors: Murphy Justin , Devine Daniel 
Published: July 2018

AbstractPrevious research suggests media attention may increase support for populist right-wing parties, but extant evidence is mostly limited to proportional representation systems in which such an effect would be most likely. At the same time, in the United Kingdom’s first-past-the-post system, an ongoing political and regulatory debate revolves around whether the media give disproportionate coverage to the populist right-wing UK Independence Party (UKIP). This study uses a mixed-methods research design to investigate the causal dynamics of UKIP support and media coverage as an especially valuable case. Vector autoregression, using monthly, aggregate time-series data from January 2004 to April 2017, provides new evidence consistent with a model in which media coverage drives party support, but not vice versa. The article identifies key periods in which stagnating or declining support for UKIP is followed by increases in media coverage and subsequent increases in public support. The findings show that media coverage may drive public support for right-wing populist parties in a substantively non-trivial fashion that is irreducible to previous levels of public support, even in a national institutional environment least supportive of such an effect. The findings have implications for political debates in the UK and potentially other liberal democracies.
Application of dynamic modelling techniques to the problem of antibacterial use and resistance: a scoping review
Authors: Ramsay D. E. , Invik J. , Checkley S. L. , Gow S. P. , Osgood N. D. , Waldner C. L. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractSelective pressure exerted by the widespread use of antibacterial drugs is accelerating the development of resistant bacterial populations. The purpose of this scoping review was to summarise the range of studies that use dynamic models to analyse the problem of bacterial resistance in relation to antibacterial use in human and animal populations. A comprehensive search of the peer-reviewed literature was performed and non-duplicate articles (n = 1486) were screened in several stages. Charting questions were used to extract information from the articles included in the final subset (n = 81). Most studies (86%) represent the system of interest with an aggregate model; individual-based models are constructed in only seven articles. There are few examples of inter-host models outside of human healthcare (41%) and community settings (38%). Resistance is modelled for a non-specific bacterial organism and/or antibiotic in 40% and 74% of the included articles, respectively. Interventions with implications for antibacterial use were investigated in 67 articles and included changes to total antibiotic consumption, strategies for drug management and shifts in category/class use. The quality of documentation related to model assumptions and uncertainty varies considerably across this subset of articles. There is substantial room to improve the transparency of reporting in the antibacterial resistance modelling literature as is recommended by best practice guidelines.
Intra-population variability of the non-breeding distribution of southern giant petrelsMacronectes giganteusis mediated by individual body size
Authors: Krüger Lucas , Paiva Vitor H. , Finger Julia V.G. , Petersen Elisa , Xavier José C. , Petry Maria V. , Ramos Jaime A. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractLiterature reports that body size can be associated with latitudinal distribution, for instance larger animals inhabit higher latitudes and colder habitats. This rule can be applied for species and populations within a species. The potential influence of body size on non-breeding distribution and habitat use at the intra-population level was investigated for southern giant petrelsMacronectes giganteus(Gmelin) from Elephant Island, South Shetland Islands. The non-breeding distribution of 23 individuals was tracked, and total body length, culmen length, wing length, wing load and body mass were measured. Positions of core areas were used to estimate the latitudinal distribution of each individual. Smaller individuals were found to be associated more with lower latitudes, where warmer conditions and more coastal and productive waters prevail, whereas large males were associated more with higher latitudes, with colder conditions near sea ice caps, presumably feeding on carrion or preying on penguins. This association reflects a latitudinal gradient, with smaller individuals positioning themselves towards the north, and larger individuals towards the south. In this case, body size, individual distribution and habitat use were found to be associated, highlighting the importance of studying potential effects of individual body size on the ecology of seabirds.
Grammatical change in Paris French:in situquestion words in embedded contexts
Authors: GARDNER-CHLOROS PENELOPE , SECOVA MARIA 
Published: July 2018

ABSTRACTThis article will review the parameters of a grammatical variable within the putative variety ‘Multicultural Paris French’, i.e. its distribution and use within a group of youngbanlieuespeakers. The structure in question stands out as it has rarely been found in previous corpora in France: indirect questions following verbs likesavoir, where the question word is post-verb (je sais pas il a dit quoi). We discuss which groups use the new forms in Paris, referring briefly to some comparable changes in London. This structure appears to be an instance of ‘change from below’ (Labov, 2007), which seems to have emerged in the speech of young people of immigrant background. It might also, on the other hand, be a long-standing vernacular variant, which has re-emerged, with specific identity-related significance, in this particular group of speakers. Its exceptional character in the Paris context highlights a lack of evidence for the emergence of a more wide-ranging, distinct multiethnolect, as found in London and other European capitals.
Acquired right ventricular outflow tract aneurysm in pulmonary atresia and intact ventricular septum: a nidus for thromboembolism
Authors: Boutsikou Maria , Fraisse Alain , Shore Darryl , Voges Inga 
Published: July 2018

AbstractPulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum may be complicated by coronary aneurysms and myocardial ischaemia. We report a case of an acquired postoperative right ventricular outflow tract aneurysm with communication to the left ventricular outflow tract. Multimodality imaging helped in the characterisation of this structural abnormality, which led to treatment modification of the patient.
Powerful Pharma and Its Marginalized Alternatives?
Authors: Lamberty Pia , Imhoff Roland 
Published: July 2018

Abstract. Only little is known about the underpinning psychological processes that determine medical choices. Across four studies, we establish that conspiracy mentality predicts a preference for alternative over biomedical therapies. Study 1a (N = 392) and 1b (N = 204) provide correlational support, Study 2 (N = 185) experimentally tested the role of power: People who endorsed a conspiracy mentality perceived a drug more positively if its approval was supported by a powerless (vs. powerful) agent. Study 3 (N = 239) again showed a moderating effect of power and conspiracy mentality on drug evaluation by comparing analytic versus holistic approaches. These findings point to the consequences of conspiracy mentality for health behavior and prevention programs.
A Parameterization of Turbulent‐Scale and Mesoscale Orographic Drag in a Global Atmospheric Model
Authors: Koo Myung‐Seo , Choi Hyun‐Joo , Han Ji‐Young 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe effect of drag due to subgrid orography with turbulent scales, the so‐called turbulent orographic form drag, is introduced by revising the surface exchange coefficient for momentum, to alleviate the overall positive bias in wind speed in the near‐surface and low‐level troposphere over land. Also, the excessive flow‐blocking drag, responsible for negative biases in low‐level wind speed over highly complex terrains, is abated by modifying the height of the blocked layer, which is achieved without a significant deficiency of total surface drag because of additional turbulent orographic form drag. The impact of the revised subgrid‐scale orography parameterization is investigated on the medium‐range forecast (January and July 2016) and seasonal ensemble prediction (June–August 2013 and December 2013 to February 2014) regarding stress partitioning and skill scores. With the revised subgrid‐scale orography schemes, total surface stress and its partitioning resemble those of the ERA‐Interim. Meanwhile, the turbulent (mesoscale orographic) stress is enhanced (reduced) due to the additional turbulent orographic form drag (weakened flow‐blocking drag). For the medium‐range forecast, systematic biases in near‐surface and low‐level wind speed are satisfactorily rectified by adding turbulent orographic form drag (reducing flow‐blocking drag) in the regions with positive biases across the land (negative biases over highly complex terrains) against reanalysis, as well as observation data. Seasonal simulation is also improved because the weak polar night jet and the corresponding warm pole biases are alleviated by the reductions of the orographic gravity wave and resolved wave drag, which are driven by the revised low‐level drag.
On the Magnetism Behind the Besnus Transition in Monoclinic Pyrrhotite
Authors: Koulialias Dimitrios , Schäublin Robin , Kurtuldu Güven , Weidler Peter G. , Löffler Jörg F. , Gehring Andreas U. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractIn monoclinic 4C pyrrhotite (ideal formula Fe7S8), ordered vacancy distribution forms a superstructure with strong ferrimagnetism that makes this mineral a major remanent magnetization carrier in the Earth's crust. The pronounced decrease in isothermal remanence magnetization at about 32 K, known as Besnus transition, is a characteristic trait that marks the low‐temperature transition in 4C pyrrhotite, and it is used as a key to identify this mineral phase in rock samples. Here we take a nearly pure single pyrrhotite crystal (Fe6.97S8) from the Swiss Alps to study its Besnus transition in a broad mineral‐magnetic approach that combines detailed structural analysis with static and dynamic magnetization experiments. All the magnetic properties inferred from the experimental data are discussed in the context of a recent model that explains interacting anisotropy fields in the 4C pyrrhotite caused by the vacancy arrangement as the origin of the Besnus transition.
Spatiotemporal Evolution of Recurrent Slow Slip Events Along the Southern Ryukyu Subduction Zone, Japan, From 2010 to 2013
Authors: Kano Masayuki , Fukuda Jun'ichi , Miyazaki Shin'ichi , Nakamura Mamoru 
Published: July 2018

AbstractSlow slip events (SSEs) with a moment magnitude of 6.6–6.7 occur at intervals of 5–9 months along the southern Ryukyu subduction zone in southwestern Japan. To obtain detailed image of these SSEs, this study applies a modified Network Inversion Filter to the Global Navigation Satellite System time series from March 2010 to February 2013 and estimates the spatiotemporal evolution of slow slip on the plate interface. Five SSEs are detected during this period. These events have similar cumulative slip distributions and are located near the northwestern coast of Iriomote Island at depths of 30–60 km, indicating that the SSEs recur in the same fault area. The analysis reveals that the spatiotemporal evolution of slip during the five SSEs varies from event to event. The notable feature is that three of the five SSEs nucleate rapidly and reach the maximum slip rate within several days, while the other two SSEs show much slower nucleation, lasting for 25–45 days prior to rapid acceleration of slip. Such variations in spatiotemporal evolution suggest temporal changes of fault properties such as fluid distribution and fault friction. Very low frequency earthquakes and low‐frequency earthquakes are activated during one of the five SSEs. The source area of the SSEs is complimentarily located in a deeper part of the very low frequency earthquakes and low‐frequency earthquake source areas, and a possible tsunami source region is located near the trench, indicating the depth dependence of the physical properties along the plate interface.
Correction: Locality and diel cycling of viral production revealed by a 24 h time course cross-omics analysis in a coastal region of Japan
Authors: Yoshida Takashi , Nishimura Yosuke , Watai Hiroyasu , Haruki Nana , Morimoto Daichi , Kaneko Hiroto , Honda Takashi , Yamamoto Keigo , Hingamp Pascal , Sako Yoshihiko , Goto Susumu , Ogata Hiroyuki 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
The original version of this Article contained an error in the main text citations and reference list. These errors have now been corrected in both the PDF and HTML versions of the Article.
A metabolic interplay coordinated by HLX regulates myeloid differentiation and AML through partly overlapping pathways
Authors: Piragyte Indre , Clapes Thomas , Polyzou Aikaterini , Klein Geltink Ramon I. , Lefkopoulos Stylianos , Yin Na , Cauchy Pierre , Curtis Jonathan D. , Klaeylé Lhéanna , Langa Xavier , Beckmann Cora C. A. , Wlodarski Marcin W. , Müller Patrick , Van Essen Dominic , Rambold Angelika , Kapp Friedrich G. , Mione Marina , Buescher Joerg M. , Pearce Erika L. , Polyzos Alexander , Trompouki Eirini 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe H2.0-like homeobox transcription factor (HLX) regulates hematopoietic differentiation and is overexpressed in Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML), but the mechanisms underlying these functions remain unclear. We demonstrate here that HLX overexpression leads to a myeloid differentiation block both in zebrafish and human hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs). We show that HLX overexpression leads to downregulation of genes encoding electron transport chain (ETC) components and upregulation of PPARδ gene expression in zebrafish and human HSPCs. HLX overexpression also results in AMPK activation. Pharmacological modulation of PPARδ signaling relieves the HLX-induced myeloid differentiation block and rescues HSPC loss uponHLXknockdown but it has no effect on AML cell lines. In contrast, AMPK inhibition results in reduced viability of AML cell lines, but minimally affects myeloid progenitors. This newly described role of HLX in regulating the metabolic state of hematopoietic cells may have important therapeutic implications.
Myeloid apolipoprotein E controls dendritic cell antigen presentation and T cell activation
Authors: Bonacina Fabrizia , Coe David , Wang Guosu , Longhi Maria P. , Baragetti Andrea , Moregola Annalisa , Garlaschelli Katia , Uboldi Patrizia , Pellegatta Fabio , Grigore Liliana , Da Dalt Lorenzo , Annoni Andrea , Gregori Silvia , Xiao Qingzhong , Caruso Donatella , Mitro Nico , Catapano Alberico L. , Marelli-Berg Federica M. , Norata Giuseppe D. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractCholesterol homeostasis has a pivotal function in regulating immune cells. Here we show that apolipoprotein E (apoE) deficiency leads to the accumulation of cholesterol in the cell membrane of dendritic cells (DC), resulting in enhanced MHC-II-dependent antigen presentation and CD4+ T-cell activation. Results from WT and apoE KO bone marrow chimera suggest that apoE from cells of hematopoietic origin has immunomodulatory functions, regardless of the onset of hypercholesterolemia. Humans expressing apoE4 isoform (ε4/3–ε4/4) have increased circulating levels of activated T cells compared to those expressing WT apoE3 (ε3/3) or apoE2 isoform (ε2/3–ε2/2). This increase is caused by enhanced antigen-presentation by apoE4-expressing DCs, and is reversed when these DCs are incubated with serum containing WT apoE3. In summary, our study identifies myeloid-produced apoE as a key physiological modulator of DC antigen presentation function, paving the way for further explorations of apoE as a tool to improve the management of immune diseases.
Crystalline functionalized endohedral C60 metallofullerides
Authors: Nakagawa Ayano , Nishino Makiko , Niwa Hiroyuki , Ishino Katsuma , Wang Zhiyong , Omachi Haruka , Furukawa Ko , Yamaguchi Takahisa , Kato Tatsuhisa , Bandow Shunji , Rio Jeremy , Ewels Chris , Aoyagi Shinobu , Shinohara Hisanori 
Published: July 2018

AbstractEndohedral metallofullerenes have been extensively studied since the first experimental observation of La@C60 in a laser-vaporized supersonic beam in 1985. However, most of these studies have focused on metallofullerenes larger than C60 such as (metal)@C82, and there are no reported purified C60-based monomeric metallofullerenes, except for [Li@C60]+(SbCl6)− salt. Pure (metal)@C60 compounds have not been obtained because of their extremely high chemical reactivity. One route to their stabilization is through chemical functionalization. Here we report the isolation, structural determination and electromagnetic properties of functionalized crystalline C60-based metallofullerenes Gd@C60(CF3)5 and La@C60(CF3)5. Synchrotron X-ray single-crystal diffraction reveals that La and Gd atoms are indeed encapsulated in the Ih-C60 fullerene. The HOMO-LUMO gaps of Gd@C60 and La@C60 are significantly widened by an order of magnitude with addition of CF3 groups. Magnetic measurements show the presence of a weak antiferromagnetic coupling in Gd@C60(CF3)3 crystals at low temperatures.
A dynamic and multi-responsive porous flexible metal–organic material
Authors: Shivanna Mohana , Yang Qing-Yuan , Bajpai Alankriti , Patyk-Kazmierczak Ewa , Zaworotko Michael J. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractStimuli responsive materials (SRMs) respond to environmental changes through chemical and/or structural transformations that can be triggered by interactions at solid-gas or solid-liquid interfaces, light, pressure or temperature. SRMs span compositions as diverse as organic polymers and porous inorganic solids such as zeolites. Metal–organic materials (MOMs), sustained by metal nodes and organic linker ligands are of special interest as SRMs. SR-MOMs have thus far tended to exhibit only one type of transformation, e.g. breathing, in response to one stimulus, e.g. pressure change. We report [Zn2(4,4′-biphenyldicarboxylate)2(4,4′-bis(4-pyridyl)biphenyl)]n, an SR-MOM, which exhibits six distinct phases and four types of structural transformation in response to various stimuli. The observed structural transformations, breathing, structural isomerism, shape memory effect, and change in the level of interpenetration, are previously known individually but have not yet been reported to exist collectively in the same compound. The multi-dynamic nature of this SR-MOM is mainly characterised by using in-situ techniques.
UV radiation limited the expansion of cyanobacteria in early marine photic environments
Authors: Mloszewska Aleksandra M. , Cole Devon B. , Planavsky Noah J. , Kappler Andreas , Whitford Denise S. , Owttrim George W. , Konhauser Kurt. O 
Published: July 2018

AbstractPrior to atmospheric oxygenation, ecosystems were exposed to higher UV radiation fluxes relative to modern surface environments. Iron–silica mineral coatings have been evoked as effective UV radiation shields in early terrestrial settings. Here we test whether similar protection applied to planktonic cyanobacteria within the Archean water column. Based on experiments done under Archean seawater conditions, we report that Fe(III)–Si-rich precipitates absorb up to 70% of incoming UV-C radiation, with a reduction of <20% in photosynthetically active radiation flux. However, we demonstrate that even short periods of UV-C irradiation in the presence of Fe(III)–Si precipitates resulted in high mortality rates, and suggest that these effects would have persisted throughout much of the photic zone. Our findings imply that despite the shielding properties of Fe(III)–Si-rich precipitates in the early water column, UV radiation would continue to limit cyanobacterial expansion and likely had a greater effect on Archean ecosystem structure before the formation of an ozone layer.
Bipolar dispersal of red-snow algae
Authors: Segawa Takahiro , Matsuzaki Ryo , Takeuchi Nozomu , Akiyoshi Ayumi , Navarro Francisco , Sugiyama Shin , Yonezawa Takahiro , Mori Hiroshi 
Published: July 2018

AbstractRed-snow algae are red-pigmented unicellular algae that appear seasonally on the surface of thawing snow worldwide. Here, we analyse the distribution patterns of snow algae sampled from glaciers and snow patches in the Arctic and Antarctica based on nuclear ITS2 sequences, which evolve rapidly. The number of phylotypes is limited in both polar regions, and most are specific to either the Arctic or Antarctica. However, the bipolar phylotypes account for the largest share (37.3%) of all sequences, suggesting that red-algal blooms in polar regions may comprise mainly cosmopolitan phylotypes but also include endemic organisms, which are distributed either in the Arctic or Antarctica.
Probe exciplex structure of highly efficient thermally activated delayed fluorescence organic light emitting diodes
Authors: Lin Tzu-Chieh , Sarma Monima , Chen Yi-Ting , Liu Shih-Hung , Lin Ke-Ting , Chiang Pin-Yi , Chuang Wei-Tsung , Liu Yi-Chen , Hsu Hsiu-Fu , Hung Wen-Yi , Tang Wei-Chieh , Wong Ken-Tsung , Chou Pi-Tai 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe lack of structural information impeded the access of efficient luminescence for the exciplex type thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF). We report here the pump-probe Step-Scan Fourier transform infrared spectra of exciplex composed of a carbazole-based electron donor (CN-Cz2) and 1,3,5-triazine-based electron acceptor (PO-T2T) codeposited as the solid film that gives intermolecular charge transfer (CT), TADF, and record-high exciplex type cyan organic light emitting diodes (external quantum efficiency: 16%). The transient infrared spectral assignment to the CT state is unambiguous due to its distinction from the local excited state of either the donor or the acceptor chromophore. Importantly, a broad absorption band centered at ~2060 cm−1 was observed and assigned to a polaron-pair absorption. Time-resolved kinetics lead us to conclude that CT excited states relax to a ground-state intermediate with a time constant of ~3 µs, followed by a structural relaxation to the original CN-Cz2:PO-T2T configuration within ~14 µs.
A novel probe to assess cytosolic entry of exogenous proteins
Authors: Lu Qiao , Grotzke Jeff E. , Cresswell Peter 
Published: July 2018

AbstractDendritic cells use a specialized pathway called cross-presentation to activate CD8+ T cells by presenting peptides from exogenous protein antigens on major histocompatibility complex class I molecules. Considerable evidence suggests that internalized antigens cross endocytic membranes to access cytosolic proteasomes for processing. The mechanism of protein dislocation represents a major unsolved problem. Here we describe the development of a sensitive reporter substrate, an N-glycosylated variant of Renilla luciferase fused to the Fc region of human IgG1. The luciferase variant is designed to be enzymatically inactive when glycosylated, but active after the asparagine to aspartic acid conversion that occurs upon deglycosylation by the cytosolic enzyme N-glycanase-1. The generation of cytosolic luminescence depends on internalization, deglycosylation, the cytosolic AAA-ATPase VCP/p97, and the cytosolic chaperone HSP90. By incorporating a T cell epitope into the fusion protein, we demonstrate that antigen dislocation into the cytosol is the rate limiting step in cross-presentation.