bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SOĞMATAR ÇEVRESİ KAYA MEZARLARI
Authors: ALBAYRAK Yusuf , ÇELİK Bahattin 
Published: September 2019

Şanlıurfa İli’nin 40 km. doğusunda ve güneydoğusunda yer
alan Tek Tek dağları, Harran Ovasının doğu bölümünü sınırlayan kuzey-güney
yönünde kalker platolardan oluşan bir tepeler silsilesidir. Tektek Dağları
üzerinde Paleolitik dönemden itibaren pek çok iskân söz konusu olmuştur. Bu
merkezlerden en önemlisi Soğmatar Antik şehri, Roma döneminde kutsal bir alan
olması yanında bir nekropol alanı olarak da dikkat çekmektedir. Soğmatar Antik
Şehri nekropolünde sayıları 72 olan kaya mezarları ilk olarak Erken Tunç
Çağı’nda kireçtaşından ana kaya oyularak yapılmış ve Roma döneminde tekrar
kullanım görmüştür.. Bu denli önemli bir merkezin çevresine etkisini ortaya
koyabilmek için Soğmatar’ın yakın çevresinde yer alan kırsal alanlarda yüzey
araştırmaları yapılmış ve köylerin çoğunda kaya mezarları tespit edilmiştir. Tespit
edilen bu kaya mezarları genellikle dromoslu ve tek odalıdır. Kimi mezarlarda dromoslar
merdivenli, kimi mezarlarda ise düz olarak yapılmıştır. Bu mezarların tümü
mimari özellik ve plan olarak Soğmatar’daki Roma dönemi kaya mezarları ile bire
bir benzerlik göstermektedir. Ayrıca, Soğmatar’da yer alan Silindir Planlı Anıt
mezarların benzerleri de tespit edilmiştir. Soğmatar’daki Silindir Planlı Anıt
mezarlar gibi kaya mezarının üstüne çapı 5-7 m arasında değişen yuvarlar planlı
yapılar yapılmıştır. Bazen bu yapıların içine de mezar yerleştirilmiş olmakla
birlikte çoğunlukla yuvarlak planlı yapıların altında bulunan kireçtaşı kayalar
oyularak kaya mezarları yapılmaktadır. Yerleşim amaçlı Soğmatar çevresine gelen
halkın, Soğmatar’ı kutsal bir alan ve nekropol alanı olarak kullanması yanında,
yerleştikleri köylere de Soğmatar’daki kaya mezarlarına benzer mezarlar yapmış
olduğunu görmekteyiz. Şanlıurfa kent merkezinde yer alan Kale Eteği Nekropolü
ve Kızılkoyun Nekropolü’nde yer alan kaya mezarları Soğmatar ve çevresindeki
kaya mezarları ile birebir benzerlik gösterirler.
Prototipe Pengukuran Kadar Gula dalam Tubuh Manusia Melalui Urin
Authors: Hersyah Mohammad Hafiz , Rahmadya Budi , Wijaya Gentha 
Published: September 2019

In this research, we propose a prototype to measure glucose index in human body after applying benedict reagen into urine samples. This system divides into two main components that are identification device and android smartphone. The identification device consists of TCS3200 colour sensor and a raspberry pi. The TCS3200 colour sensor's function is to predict the alteration of urine sample and determine the colour category according to the benedict rule and to measure the glucose in the sample. The Raspberry pi function is to process the data that acquired from the colour sensor. By optimizing with Tsukamoto Fuzzy Logic Control, the research successfully identifies the glucose by achieving 100% and the result of fuzzy logic control on Raspberry Pi as decision making by urine in 90% and by conflicting minimum error in 5.6%.
Road traffic accidents attending casualty in a tertiary care hospital : a 03 year study from South Western India
Authors: Chourasia Sachin , Radhakrishna K. V. , Rautji Ravi , K. Shivakumar D. 
Published: September 2019

Background: Road Traffic Accident (RTA) is any vehicular accident occurring on the roadway i.e. originating on, terminating on, or involving a vehicle partially on the roadway. Road traffic accidents are a human tragedy which has an immeasurable impact on the families affected. The WHO estimates that over 1.2 million people pass away every year on the world’s roads, and between 20 and 50 million fall victims to non-fatal injuries. The incidence of RTA remains poorly measured in India.Methods: The present study is conducted at casualty department of a tertiary care hospital in South Western India among victims of road traffic accident. This cross sectional study was conducted to elucidate the role of various factors involved in road traffic accidents and to study demographic profile and injury pattern among RTA victims. All the reported RTA cases from 1st January 2016 to 31st December 2018 were included in the study.Results: A total of 875 cases of RTA were studied. There were 83.77%(n=733) male and 16.23%(n=142) female accident victims. Most of the patients were aged between 21 and 30 years. Monsoons witnessed 46.63%(n=408) cases. Most cases occurred between 6 and 12pm (54.4%, n=476). Commonest injury was a simple injury (72.91%, n=638), dangerous injuries (27.09% percent, n=237) and dead was (7.43%, n=65). The highest number of accidents took place in the month of June (19.09%, n=167) and on Sundays (22.17%). Among the motorized vehicles, two-wheeler drivers were more (76.91%, n=673) involved in accidents. In this study 17.60% (n=154) were under influence of alcohol while driving.Conclusions: This study shows there are multiple factors associated with road traffic accidents. Most of the factors responsible for RTA and its fatal consequences are preventable. India, as a signatory to the Brasilia declaration, intends to reduce road accidents and traffic fatalities by 50% by 2022. A comprehensive multipronged approach can mitigate most of them.
Randomized comparison of vaginal and sublingual misoprostol with mifepristone priming in termination of second trimester pregnancy
Authors: Chavan Shrikrushna Vasant , Mahajan Niraj Nilkanth , Tilve Arundhati Gundu 
Published: September 2019

Background: Sublingual Misoprostol 200 ug 4 hrly is as effective or less effective than vaginal Misoprostol 200ug 4hrly with 200mg oral Mifepristone in termination of second trimester pregnancy.To compare effectiveness, side-effects, and patient satisfaction of sublingual vs vaginal misoprostol administration.Methods: It was prospective randomized open label study. 60 women 13-20 weeks of gestation with a valid legal indication for termination of pregnancy as per MTP act in INDIA were enrolled for study, randomly divided into Group A- Sublingual (n=30) group B-Vaginal (n=30). For group A, 200 mg of Mifepristone was given, 48h later Misoprostol 200 µg was given sublingually 4hrly up to a maximum of 5 doses. If abortion does not occur, the pregnancy was terminated with vaginal misoprostol, in group A. Same procedure repeated in group B. If abortion fails to occur after 5 doses, then second course of vaginal misoprostol was given in group B. Failure of procedure was defined as failed expulsion of foetus at 48 hrs. Results: Mean induction-abortion interval in vaginal group was 12.8±4.38h and 11.47±4.42h in sublingual group was comparable with insignificant p value (p=0.136). All the side effects were comparable in both groups. The overall success rate was 93.3% in the sublingual group while it was 100% in the vaginal group.Conclusion: Vaginal misoprostol with oral mifepristone priming in second -trimester medical abortion has a shorter time to pregnancy termination compared with a sublingual regimen. However, both the routes are equally effective for induction of abortion.
AN EVALUATION OF THE EARLIEST THOUGHT AND PHILOSOPHY ON MOSQUES IN MALACCA
Authors: Ahmad Anisah Bahyah Hj. , Mujani Wan Kamal 
Published: September 2019

Purpose of the study: This study discusses architectural thought and philosophy that focus on traditional mosques in Melaka in the 18th century. Amongst the oldest and most famous mosques in Melaka are the Peringgit Mosque (1720 AD), Kampung Hulu Mosque (1728 AD), Tengkera Mosque (1728 AD) and Kampung Keling Mosque (1748 AD).
Methodology: In this study, the qualitative methodology focusing on research was used where the analysis of documents and observations were conducted.
Main Findings: The finding of this study revealed that the architectural philosophy shows human relationships with nature are based on the divine concept. The architectural features also illustrate the philosophy of human life and the beauty of the architecture illustrates the height or level of values in individuals. The beauty of the mosque is highlighted through the motifs in the mosque’s decorations which have no contradiction to Islamic values.
Applications of this study: This study involved two historical mosques in Melaka, which are the Tengkera Mosque (1728 AD) and Kampung Hulu Mosque (1728 AD).
Novelty/Originality of this study: These mosques have been directly influenced by the characteristics of Islamic, Chinese and Indian architecture; in the context of building structures, designs and decorations. This study showed that although the Islamic community was influenced by external elements, they were an open-minded community and willing to accept and adapt to such influence.
A PRELIMINARY STUDY ON PERCEPTION OF SCIENCE STUDENTS AT ISLAMIC SCIENCE UNIVERSITY OF MALAYSIA
Authors: Iksan Hasanah , Abu Bakar Sahlawati , Hasan Wan Ramizah , Rahman Lubna Abdul 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Purpose of the study: To analyse students’ perceptions of Arabic language learning for science purposes in USIM.
Problem of the study: The existing Arabic module in the Higher Education Institution in Malaysia did not discuss the topic related to Science in Arabic language learning for science students, except in USIM. Using the existing modules, researchers analysed respondents' perceptions of Arabic Language for Science Purpose.
Methodology: This study applies a quantitative approach which involves 169 science students at the Islamic Science University of Malaysia (USIM) as respondents and randomly selected. The data were analysed descriptively by looking at the percentage and mean score by using SPSS Statistics 25.
Main Findings: The descriptive analysis findings demonstrate that the overall mean of interest was 3.72, the mean of the module was 3.78, the mean of the use of scientific terms was 3.49 and the mean of the learning duration was 3.08. The findings showed that using the specific module of Arabic Language for Science had successfully nurtured students' interest in Arabic and able to introduce them to scientific terms in Arabic. This study could be a measurement of the use of Arabic language modules that contain specific content based on "Specific Purposes" for Institutions of Higher Learning in Malaysia.
Applications of this study: This study involves science students who have studied the subjects (اللغة العربية للعلوم) using the Arabic Language for Science Purpose module within a semester from Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Faculty of Science and Technology and Faculty of Engineering and Architecture at USIM
Novelty/Originality of this study: This study could be a measurement of the use of Arabic language modules that contain specific content based on the "Specific Purposes" for Institute of Higher Learning and the Private Higher Learning Institution (IPTS) in Malaysia.
Access to Orthopaedic Care for Spanish-Speaking Patients in California
Authors: Greene Nattaly E. , Fuentes-Juárez Berenice N. , Sabatini Coleen S. 
Published: September 2019

Background:
Communication is the foundation of any patient-doctor relationship. Patients who are unable to communicate effectively with physicians because of language barriers may face disparities in accessing orthopaedic care and in the evaluation and treatment of musculoskeletal symptoms. We evaluated whether Spanish-speaking patients face disparities scheduling appointments with orthopaedists via the telephone.

Methods:
From the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons (AAOS) web site, we randomly selected 50 orthopaedic surgeons’ offices in California specializing in knee surgery. The investigator called eligible offices using a script to request an appointment for a hypothetical Spanish-speaking or English-speaking 65-year-old man with knee pain. The caller randomly selected the patient’s primary language for this first call. A second call was placed a week later requesting an appointment for an identical patient who spoke the alternate language.

Results:
There was no significant difference between Spanish-speaking and English-speaking patients’ access to appointments with an orthopaedic surgeon (p = 0.8256). Thirty-six English-speaking patients and 35 Spanish-speaking patients were offered an appointment. Twenty-eight Spanish-speaking patients were instructed to bring a friend or family member who could translate for them, 3 were told that the provider spoke sufficient Spanish to communicate without the need for an interpreter, and 4 were told that an interpreter would be made available.

Conclusions:
We did not detect a disparity between Spanish-speaking and English-speaking patients’ access to appointments with an orthopaedic surgeon. However, 80% of Spanish-speaking patients were asked to rely on nonqualified interpreters for their orthopaedic appointment. This study suggests that orthopaedic offices in California depend heavily on ad hoc interpreters rather than professional interpretation services. It also highlights potential barriers to the provision of qualified interpreters. Additional study is warranted to assess how this lack of adequate utilization of medical interpreters affects the patient-doctor relationship, the quality of care received, and the financial burden on the health system.

Clinical Relevance:
Optimizing the care that we provide to our patients is a goal of every orthopaedic surgeon. We highlight the importance of utilizing professional interpreters as a means to reduce health-care disparities and overall health-care costs, as well as the importance of improving reimbursement and infrastructure for physicians to utilize qualified interpreters in caring for their limited-English-proficient patients.
The Influence of Preoperative Radiographic Patellofemoral Degenerative Changes and Malalignment on Patellofemoral-Specific Outcome Scores Following Fixed-Bearing Medial Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Burger Joost A. , Kleeblad Laura J. , Laas Niels , Pearle Andrew D. 
Published: September 2019

Background:
There is controversy as to whether the presence of degenerative changes and malalignment of the patellofemoral joint is a contraindication to medial unicompartmental knee arthroplasty. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to examine the influence of preoperative radiographic patellofemoral joint osteoarthritis and alignment on intermediate-term knee and patellofemoral joint-specific patient-reported outcomes following fixed-bearing medial unicompartmental knee arthroplasty.

Methods:
We performed a retrospective review of the records on a consecutive series of patients who had undergone robotic arm-assisted fixed-bearing onlay medial unicompartmental knee arthroplasty and had a minimum duration of follow-up of 2 years. All records were collected from a single surgeon’s arthroplasty registry. Patients with severe bone loss or grooving of the lateral patellar facet were excluded. Radiographic assessment was performed with use of the Kellgren-Lawrence and Altman classification systems as well as with patellofemoral joint alignment measurements. The latest follow-up consisted of a patient-reported questionnaire, including the Kujala (Anterior Knee Pain Scale) score, the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS), Junior (JR), and satisfaction levels.

Results:
A total of 536 patients (639 knees) were included. After a mean duration of follow-up (and standard deviation) of 4.3 ± 1.6 years (range, 2.0 to 9.2 years), good-to-excellent Kujala scores were reported independent of the presence of patellofemoral joint osteoarthritis preoperatively (Kellgren-Lawrence grade 0 compared with ≥1, p = 0.82; grade ≤1 compared with ≥2, p = 0.84). Similar findings were found when osteoarthritis was present in either the medial or lateral side of the patellofemoral joint as defined by an Altman score of ≥2 (medial, p = 0.81; lateral, p = 0.90). KOOS scores and satisfaction also were not affected by degenerative patellofemoral joint changes. Furthermore, neither the patellar tilt angle nor the congruence angle influenced patient-reported outcomes.

Conclusions:
Preoperative radiographic mild to moderate patellofemoral joint degeneration (Kellgren-Lawrence grades 1 through 3) and/or malalignment did not compromise intermediate-term knee and patellofemoral joint-specific patient-reported outcomes in patients managed with fixed-bearing medial unicompartmental knee arthroplasty. On the basis of the results of the present study, we believe that neither mild to moderate patellofemoral degeneration nor abnormal patellar tilt or congruence should be considered a contraindication to fixed-bearing medial unicompartmental knee arthroplasty.

Level of Evidence:
Prognostic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Oculocardiac and Oculorespiratory Reflex during Strabismus Surgery under General Anesthesia with Laryngeal Mask Airway for Maintaining Spontaneous Respiration: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Shin Sun Young , Kim Min Ju , Joo Jin 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background: The oculocardiac reflex (OCR) is defined as a 10–20% reduction in heart rate (HR) from the baseline value or dysrhythmia, and the oculorespiratory reflex (ORR) manifests as shallow respiratory movement and bradypnea caused by manipulation of the eye. The aim of this study was to elucidate whether the specific muscle operated on has an effect on OCR and ORR, as well as whether the depth of anesthesia influences the OCR and ORR in patients undergoing strabismus surgery with laryngeal mask airway (LMA) to maintain spontaneous respiration. Methods: The medical records of patients who underwent strabismus surgery on lateral rectus (LR) and medial rectus (MR) muscles from January 2017 to December 2017 were reviewed. For anesthesia induction, propofol was administered and the LMA was inserted. Anesthesia was maintained with sevoflurane and spontaneous respiration. Results: The incidences of OCR during LR and MR operations were not significantly different between pediatric and adult patients (29% vs 27% and 15% vs 16%, respectively, p < 0.05). The incidence of ORR, as indexed by tidal volume (TV), was higher during MR surgery than during LR surgery in pediatric patients (29.3% vs 10.1%, p < 0.05). The change in HR during muscle traction and bispectral index (BIS) showed a negative correlation in pediatric patients, but this was not statistically significant. The change in TV during muscle traction and BIS was significantly correlated, in both pediatric and adult patients (r2 = 0.034 and 0.058, respectively, p < 0.05), while the change in respiratory rate (RR) during muscle traction and BIS did not show a significant correlation in either group. Conclusions: The incidence rate of OCR did not differ between LR and MR surgeries, and the depth of anesthesia did not correlate with HR changes during muscle traction. Young age and MR surgery may be risk factors for ORR. However, MV did not decrease because of the increased RR during muscle traction. Thus, maintenance of spontaneous respiration with an LMA is safe during strabismus surgery under general anesthesia for both pediatric and adult patients.
Correlates of improvement of care need level in disabled older adults: Two-year follow-up study in 11,585 older people
Authors: Hayashi Yuta , Hato Shinnosuke , Shimada Hiroyuki 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background The correlates to the improvements of care need level are not clear. In this study, we examined physical function, cognitive function, and ADL abilities that affect the improvement in the care need level for older adults who required low-level care at the baseline. Methods This retrospective cohort study included 11,585 individuals aged 65 years and older who had received personal care for two or more years starting from the baseline assessment that is motor function, cognitivefunction, and activity of daily living.Subjects who had an improvement in their care need level from baseline to two years later were put into the Improved Group, while subjects who maintained the baseline level or deteriorated were put into the Maintained/Deteriorated Group. We conducted a univariate analysis using the t-test and chi-square test to compare the differences for each variable between the two groups. Multiple logistic regression analysis was conducted with motor function, cognitive function, and FIM binary classification where significant correlation was found as independent variables, and with the Improved Group and the Maintained/Deteriorated Group as dependent variablesResults Motor function at baseline was not associated with improvement of the care need level in older adults who require low-level care, instead, MSQ (odds ratio (OR) 2.44，95% confidence interval (CI) 2.13-2.79，P<0.01) and sub-scores of FIM included self-care (OR 1.20, 95%CI 1.01-1.33, P<0.05), continence (OR 1.25，95%CI 1.01-1.58，P<0.05), and social cognition (OR 1.34，95%CI 1.14-1.58，P<0.01) were significantly correlated with the improvement of the care need level.Conclusions The improvements of care need level were associated with cognitive function, self-care ability, bladder/bowel control, and social cognition ability at baseline, although there were no correlations between the improvements of care need level and motor function in older adults.
Multi-drug resistant, extended spectrum beta-lactamase and carbapenemase-producing bacterial isolates among children under five years old suspected bloodstream infection in a specialized Hospital in Ethiopia: Cross-sectional study
Authors: Tadesse Mequanint Mitiku , Matebie Zeleke Ayenew , Tullu Kassu Desta 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background : Bloodstream infections due to bacterial pathogens are a major cause of morbidity and mortality among pediatric patients. Emergence of drug resistance in high classes of antibiotics among the bacterial pathogens is another issue of the public health concern. Therefore, this study aimed to determine Multi-drug resistant, extended spectrum β-lactamase and carbapenemase producing bacterial isolates among septicemia suspected under five Children in Tikur Anbesa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa Ethiopia.

Methods : Across-sectional study was conducted from September 2017 to June 2018 among pediatric patients with febrile illness aged under five in Tikur Anbesa Specialized Hospital. Three hundred forty blood samples were collected and processed following standard microbiological techniques and culture was performed using BacT/Alert machine in combination with conventional method. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of the isolates was performed by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method and MIC technique.

Result: A total of 137(40.2%) bacterial pathogens were isolated from 340 pediatric patients suspected of BSI with febrile illness. Of these isolates 54% were Gram negative bacteria. Among gram negative isolates 43 (31.4%) Klebsiella pneumonia e and Acinitiobacter species were the most frequently isolated pathogens. Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates were 95.6% MDR, 23.7% ESBL, and 27.1% CRE in children.

Conclusion : In this study, Klebsiella pneumoniae is a common pathogens associated with BSI in pediatrics with high antimicrobial resistance. Extended spectrum beta-lactamase producing organisms were common in Klebsiella species and Escherichia coli isolates. Since most of isolates exhibit multidrug resistant, invitro- susceptibility of antimicrobials is mandatory. Strengthen antimicrobial surveillance system and antimicrobial stewardship is necessary for better management of antibiotics in addition to infection prevention practice in Hospital settings.