bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Incidence of opioid‐induced constipation in Japanese patients with cancer pain: A prospective observational cohort study
Authors: Tokoro Akihiro , Imai Hisao , Fumita Soichi , Harada Toshiyuki , Noriyuki Toshio , Gamoh Makio , Akashi Yusaku , Sato Hiroki , Kizawa Yoshiyuki 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThis multicenter, prospective, observational cohort study assessed opioid induced constipation (OIC) in Japanese patients with cancer. Eligible patients had stable cancer and an ECOG PS of 0‐2. OIC incidence based on the Rome IV diagnostic criteria was determined by patient diary entries during the first 14 days of opioid therapy. The proportion of patients with OIC was calculated for each 1‐week period and the overall 2‐week study period. Secondary measurements of OIC included the Bowel Function Index (BFI) score (patient assessment administered by physician), spontaneous bowel movements (SBMs) per week (patient assessment), and physician assessments. Medication for constipation was allowed. Two hundred and twenty patients were enrolled. The mean morphine‐equivalent dose was 22 mg/day. By Rome IV criteria, the cumulative incidence of OIC was 56% (95% CI: 49.2%‐62.9%); week 1, 48% (95% CI: 40.8%‐54.6%); week 2, 37% (95% CI: 30.1%‐43.9%). The cumulative incidence of OIC was lower in patients who received prophylactic agents for constipation (48% [95% CI: 38.1%‐57.5%]) than in patients who did not (65% [95% CI: 55.0%‐74.2%]). The cumulative incidences of OIC were 59% (95% CI: 51.9%‐66.0%), 61% (95% CI: 54.3%‐68.1%), and 45% (95% CI: 38.0%‐51.8%) based on BFI scores, physician assessments, and SBM frequency, respectively. Frequency of BMs/week before starting opioids was the most influential factor for the occurrence of OIC. Utilization of prophylactic agents for constipation was associated with a modest effect on reducing the incidence of OIC. The incidences of OIC reported were variable depending on the diagnostic tool involved.
A rare entity of reactive arthritis‐immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in an immunocompromised patient
Authors: Katusiime Christine 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThere is increasing association of reactive arthritis (ReA) with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). ReA‐immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) on the contrary is such a rare occurrence that it has only been documented twice. This is the index documented case of ReA‐IRIS in sub‐Saharan Africa.
Approximate calculation of voltammetric peak of diffusionless system
Authors: Ivanov Vladimir D. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractVoltammetric peak of the adsorbed electroactive system may be expressed by a parametric equation; no exact explicit relation is achievable. Present work describes an approximate algorithm (Lorentzian‐Gaussian algorithm [LGA]) for the computation of voltammetric peak of diffusionless system with high precision. This algorithm may be used for calculation of voltammetric peaks of adsorbed species; redox behavior of mixed ionic‐electronic conductors (Prussian blue, electroactive polymers, etc) can also be covered by LGA if diffusion and charge transfer does not impede the process. This algorithm can be useful in computer simulation of mass transfer in thin films of Prussian blue and other mixed ionic‐electronic conductors. Despite being an approximate algorithm, LGA has a remarkable accuracy. Unfortunately, this accuracy has been achieved at the expense of simplicity: LGA makes use of nine adjustable coefficients.
Murahashi Cross‐Coupling at −78 °C: A One‐Pot Procedure for Sequential C−C/C−C, C−C/C−N, and C−C/C−S Cross‐Coupling of Bromo‐Chloro‐Arenes
Authors: Sinha Narayan , Heijnen Dorus , Feringa Ben L. , Organ Michael G. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe coupling of organolithium reagents, including strongly hindered examples, at cryogenic temperatures (as low as −78 °C) has been achieved with high‐reactivity Pd‐NHC catalysts. A temperature‐dependent chemoselectivity trigger has been developed for the selective coupling of aryl bromides in the presence of chlorides. Building on this, a one‐pot, sequential coupling strategy is presented for the rapid construction of advanced building blocks. Importantly, one‐shot addition of alkyllithium compounds to Pd cross‐coupling reactions has been achieved, eliminating the need for slow addition by syringe pump.
Preparation of (Pentafluorosulfanyl)benzenes by Direct Fluorination of Diaryldisulfides: Synthetic Approach and Mechanistic Aspects
Authors: Ajenjo Javier , Klepetářová Blanka , Greenhall Martin , Bím Daniel , Culka Martin , Rulíšek Lubomír , Beier Petr 
Published: June 2019

AbstractDirect fluorination of ortho‐, meta‐ and para‐substituted aromatic thiols and disulfides using elemental fluorine afforded substituted (pentafluorosulfanyl)benzenes. This work thus represents the first study of the scope and limitation of direct fluorination for the synthesis of new SF5‐containing building blocks. Fluorinations in batch and flow modes were compared. A comprehensive computational study was carried out employing density functional and wave function methods to elucidate the reaction mechanism of the transformation of ArSF3 into ArSF5. Eliminating various nonradical pathways, it has been shown that the reaction proceeds by a radical mechanism, initiated by the attack of the F. on the ArSF3 moiety, propagated via an almost barrierless F2+ArSF4.→ArSF5+F. step and terminated by the ArSF4.+F.→ArSF5. Most of the calculated data are in very good agreement with experimental observations concerning the ortho‐substituent effect on the reaction rates and yields.
Die Brauchwasserversorgung aus den westdeutschen Schifffahrtskanälen
Authors: Wette Michael , Teichgräber Burkhard 
Published: June 2019

AbstractDurch das Abkommen von 1968 zwischen dem Bund und dem Land NRW entwickelten sich die westdeutschen Kanäle zu einer Multifunktionsanlage, die zum einen die Schifffahrt auf den Wasserstraßen und zum anderen den Verbund von Lippe, Ruhr und Rhein ermöglichte mit dem Ziel, kostengünstiges Brauchwasser für Kraftwerke, Industrie‐, Gewerbe‐ und Wasserversorgungsunternehmen aus den Kanälen bereitzustellen und die Niedrigwasserführung der Lippe in Trockenzeiten anzuheben. Zur Erfüllung seiner Aufgaben aus dem Abkommen gründete das Land den Wasserverband Westdeutsche Kanäle als Träger der Wasserversorgung.
A Computational Study on Iridium‐Catalyzed Production of Acetic Acid from Ethanol and Water Solution
Authors: Yue Xin , Li Longfei , Li Pengjie , Luo Chenguang , Pu Min , Yang Zuoyin , Lei Ming 
Published: June 2019

Summary of main observation and conclusionThe mechanism for the production of acetic acid from ethanol and water mixture catalyzed by iridium catalyst has been theoretically investigated. The cooperation of the iridium center and bpyO ligand is highlighted, which plays an important role in the catalytic activity. The hydrogen release from the iridium center is the rate‐determining step, with an energy barrier of 22.5 kcal/mol. The electronic structure analysis suggests electron‐donating substituents could decrease the energy barrier.
Excited State Dynamics of Isocyano Rhenium(I) Phenanthroline Complexes from Time‐Resolved Spectroscopy
Authors: Cheng Shun‐Cheung , Chu Wing‐Kin , Ko Chi‐Chiu , Phillips David Lee 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe photophysical processes in a series of isocyano Re(I) phenanthroline complexes {[Re(CNR)n(CO)4‐n(phen)](PF6); n=2, 3, 4, R=2,6‐(iPr)2C6H3‐ or tBu‐ (n=2)} in acetonitrile have been studied by resonance Raman spectroscopy, transient resonance Raman spectroscopy, and femtosecond / nanosecond transient spectroscopy to elucidate the nature of their electronic transitions and emissive excited state(s). The kinetics of the intersystem crossing, vibrational relaxation and radiative decay of the metal‐to‐ligand charge transfer {MLCT [dπ(Re)→π*(phen)]} excited state have also been determined.
Molecularly Imprinted Polyresorcinol Based Capacitive Sensor for Sulphanilamide Detection
Authors: Kumar Prusty Arun , Bhand Sunil 
Published: June 2019

AbstractA molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) based capacitive sensor for antibiotic detection in drinking water and milk has been developed on a gold coated silicon electrode (Au Electrode). The electrode was fabricated by electropolymerizing monomer resorcinol (RN) on Au surface in presence of sulphanilamide (SN) as a template molecule, to get insulated RN polymer antibiotic composite. The insulation of the polymer film was improved by incubation of electrode in 1‐Dodecanethiol solution. Subsequently MIP sensor was obtained by extraction of SN in ethanol and acetic acid solution. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and cyclic voltammetry (CV) measurements were performed for characterization of the developed MIP electrode at different steps of fabrication. The surface morphology of MIP electrode was characterized using atomic force microscopy (AFM), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive x‐ray spectroscopy (EDS). Performance of MIP sensor was evaluated by measuring change in capacitance against varying concentration of SN using EIS. A linear response in the range 1 to 200 μg L−1 SN was recorded for MIP sensor with a detection limit of 0.1 μg L−1. The developed MIP sensor exhibited good selectivity towards SN in water and milk with recoveries in the range 92 % to 105 %. The obtained results suggest the usability of MIP based sensor for SN estimation in water and milk samples.
Neural sphingosine 1‐phosphate accumulation activates microglia and links impaired autophagy and inflammation
Authors: Karunakaran Indulekha , Alam Shah , Jayagopi Surendar , Frohberger Stefan J. , Hansen Jan N. , Kuehlwein Janina , Hölbling Benedikt V. , Schumak Beatrix , Hübner Marc P. , Gräler Markus H. , Halle Annett , van Echten‐Deckert Gerhild 
Published: June 2019

AbstractMicroglia mediated responses to neuronal damage in the form of neuroinflammation is a common thread propagating neuropathology. In this study, we investigated the microglial alterations occurring as a result of sphingosine 1‐phosphate (S1P) accumulation in neural cells. We evidenced increased microglial activation in the brains of neural S1P‐lyase (SGPL1) ablated mice (SGPL1fl/fl/Nes) as shown by an activated and deramified morphology and increased activation markers on microglia. In addition, an increase of pro‐inflammatory cytokines in sorted and primary cultured microglia generated from SGPL1 deficient mice was noticed. Further, we assessed autophagy, one of the major mechanisms in the brain that keeps inflammation in check. Indeed, microglial inflammation was accompanied by defective microglial autophagy in SGPL1 ablated mice. Rescuing autophagy by treatment with rapamycin was sufficient to decrease interleukin 6 (IL‐6) but not tumor necrosis factor (TNF) secretion in cultured microglia. Rapamycin mediated decrease of IL‐6 secretion suggests a particular mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR)‐IL‐6 link and appeared to be microglia specific. Using pharmacological inhibitors of the major receptors of S1P expressed in the microglia, we identified S1P receptor 2 (S1PR2) as the mediator of both impaired autophagy and proinflammatory effects. In line with these results, the addition of exogenous S1P to BV2 microglial cells showed similar effects as those observed in the genetic knock out of SGPL1 in the neural cells. In summary, we show a novel role of the S1P‐S1PR2 axis in the microglia of mice with neural‐targeted SGPL1 ablation and in BV2 microglial cell line exogenously treated with S1P.
LC‐MS/MS‐based metabolic profiling of Escherichia coli under heterologous gene expression stress
Authors: Nadeem Muhammad S. , Razeeth Mohammed , Choudhry Hani M. Z. , Anwar Firoz , Zamzami Mazin A. , Murtaza Bibi N. , Al‐Abbasi Fahad A. M. , Khan Mohammad I. , Shakoori Abdul R. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractEscherichia coli is frequently exploited for genetic manipulations and heterologous gene expression studies. We have evaluated the metabolic profile of E. coli strain BL21 (DE3) RIL CodonPlus after genetic modifications and subjecting to the production of recombinant protein. Three genetically variable E. coli cell types were studied, normal cells (susceptible to antibiotics) cultured in simple LB medium, cells harboring ampicillin‐resistant plasmid pET21a (+), grown under antibiotic stress, and cells having recombinant plasmid pET21a (+) ligated with bacterial lactate dehydrogenase gene grown under ampicillin and standard isopropyl thiogalactoside (IPTG)‐induced gene expression conditions. A total of 592 metabolites were identified through liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry analysis, feature and peak detection using XCMS and CAMERA followed by precursor identification by METLIN‐based procedures. Overall, 107 metabolites were found differentially regulated among genetically modified cells. Quantitative analysis has shown a significant modulation in DHNA‐CoA, p‐aminobenzoic acid, and citrulline levels, indicating an alteration in vitamin K, folic acid biosynthesis, and urea cycle of E. coli cells during heterologous gene expression. Modulations in energy metabolites including NADH, AMP, ADP, ATP, carbohydrate, terpenoids, fatty acid metabolites, diadenosine tetraphosphate (Ap4A), and l‐carnitine advocate major metabolic rearrangements. Our study provides a broader insight into the metabolic adaptations of bacterial cells during gene manipulation experiments that can be prolonged to improve the yield of heterologous gene products and concomitant production of valuable biomolecules.
LncRNA TP73‐AS1 is a novel regulator in cervical cancer via miR‐329‐3p/ARF1 axis
Authors: Xu Jingning , Zhang Jinmei 
Published: June 2019

AbstractCervical cancer holds one of the highest morbidity and mortality in various types of cancers. It even leads to the most number of cancer‐related deaths of women. A lot of research has indicated that the anomalous expression of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) would induce carcinogenesis and is associated with poor prognosis of patients with cancer. However, the function and mechanism of many lncRNAs still call for further research. Tumor Protein P73 Antisense RNA 1 (TP73‐AS1) is no exception. LncRNA TP73‐AS1 has been found to promote cancer progressions in various cancers. It is upregulated in cervical cancer cells. The proliferation and migration ability of cervical cancer cells can also be boosted by TP73‐AS1 in return. Meanwhile, miRNA‐329‐3p is downregulated in cervical cancer cells and could bind with both TP73‐AS1 and ADP Ribosylation Factor 1 (ARF1). TP73‐AS1 inhibited miR‐329‐3p expression while miR‐329‐3p inhibited ARF1 expression. More importantly, TP73‐AS1 can positively regulate ARF1 expression. Based on all these experiments, TP73‐AS1 regulates ARF1 expression by competitively binding with miR‐329‐3p, thus regulating cervical cancer progression. Further rescue assays confirmed TP73‐AS1 regulates cervical cell proliferation and migration via miR‐329‐3p/ARF1. TP73‐AS1 might serve as a novel regulator in cervical cancer.
Cerebrospinal fluid‐contacting neurons in the regenerating spinal cord of lizards and amphibians are likely mechanoreceptors
Authors: Alibardi Lorenzo 
Published: June 2019

AbstractDuring spinal cord (SC) regeneration in the tail of amphibians and lizards, small neurons in contact with the central canal and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) are formed. The present review summarizes previous and recent studies that have characterized most of these neurons as cerebrospinal fluid‐contacting neurons (CSFCNs), especially in the regenerating caudal SC of lizards. CSFCNs form tufts of stereocilia immersed in the CSF, secrete exosomes, and are often in contact with a secreted protein‐rod indicated as Reissner fiber. Ultrastructural, autoradiographic, immunohistochemical, and behavioral studies strongly indicate that most of these cells are mechanoreceptors that differentiate from ependymal cells within 20–30 days after SC amputation. Numerous CSFCNs are gamma amino‐butyric acid (GABA)‐ergic, uptake amino acids, receive few synaptic boutons, and contain neurofilaments, fibroblast growth factor (FGFs), and other signaling proteins, the latter likely secreted into the central canal. Similar neurons are formed in the SC of the tuatara (Sphenodon puctatus), anurans, and urodeles during tail regeneration. In lizard, most of their projection remains in the SC close to the regenerated tail, but they form synapses with neurons that receive descending nerves from the brainstem, including vestibular nuclei. CSFCNs, aside a possible neurosecretory activity, might sense liquor movements for maintenance of balance, a role that is supported from recent studies on other caudate vertebrates. The regeneration of these cells also in the nervous system of other vertebrates remains unknown.
Cooperative surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy enhancement in Au nanorod/SiO2 nanoparticle solutions
Authors: Nam Jihye , Duy Pham Khac , Seo Chunhee , Eom Sangwon , Minh Duong Nguyen , Lee Jisun , Sim Jae Hyun , Chung Hoeil , Kang Youngjong 
Published: June 2019

AbstractSurface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) signals in liquid state are significantly enhanced by utilizing cooperative interaction between metal surface plasmon and dielectric resonance. Raman signals from the diluted solutions are very weak even if they are amplified by SERS using Au nanorods. When SiO2 nanoparticles are added together with Au nanorods, however, Raman intensity increased by three order comparing with that of system containing only Au nanorods. Finite‐difference time‐domain simulations show that SiO2 nanoparticles exhibit dipolar electric resonance, which is strongly enhanced by interacting with the surface plasmon of Au nanorods. The size and concentration of SiO2 nanoparticles are optimized to 354 nm in diameter and 4.5 vol%. Under the optimized condition, SERS intensity decrease with concentration of analyte (rhodamine 6G or crystal violet) is much slower for the system containing both Au nanorods and SiO2 nanoparticles than that of the system containing only Au nanorods. The detection limit is 10−10 M for both aqueous rhodamine 6G and crystal violet solutions.
A novel smart hybrid‐Trefftz finite element for smart laminated composite plates
Authors: Ray Manas Chandra 
Published: June 2019

SummaryA novel smart hybrid‐Trefftz finite element (HTFE) has been developed for the analysis of smart laminated composite plates. The substrates of the smart plates are symmetric and antisymmetric cross‐ply plates. The derivation of this HTFE is devoid of the complicated task of finding the particular solutions of simultaneous governing partial differential equations. The Trefftz functions are constructed from the finite number of free‐field exact solutions of the homogeneous simultaneous governing partial differential equations of the element domain in a straightforward manner without transforming them into a single governing equation. The HTFE is validated with the exact solutions of the smart composite plates. It is observed that this HTFE is an efficient finite element and can be utilized for the analysis of active control of smart composite structures.
Multiscale proper generalized decomposition based on the partition of unity
Authors: Ibáñez Rubén , Ammar Amine , Cueto Elías , Huerta Antonio , Duval Jean‐Louis , Chinesta Francisco 
Published: June 2019

SummarySolutions of partial differential equations could exhibit a multiscale behavior. Standard discretization techniques are constraints to mesh up to the finest scale to predict accurately the response of the system. The proposed methodology is based on the standard proper generalized decomposition rationale; thus, the PDE is transformed into a nonlinear system that iterates between microscale and macroscale states, where the time coordinate could be viewed as a 2D time, representing the microtime and macrotime scales. The macroscale effects are taken into account because of an FEM‐based macrodiscretization, whereas the microscale effects are handled with unidimensional parent spaces that are replicated throughout the domain. The proposed methodology can be seen as an alternative route to circumvent prohibitive meshes arising from the necessity of capturing fine‐scale behaviors.
Weight Cycling as a Risk Factor for Low Muscle Mass and Strength in a Population of Males and Females with Obesity
Authors: Rossi Andrea P. , Rubele Sofia , Calugi Simona , Caliari Cesare , Pedelini Francesco , Soave Fabio , Chignola Elisa , Vittoria Bazzani Paola , Mazzali Gloria , Dalle Grave Riccardo , Zamboni Mauro 
Published: June 2019

ObjectiveThis study aimed to determine whether multiple weight cycles in adulthood are an independent predictor of lower muscle mass and reduced strength, with potential implication for sarcopenia in adults with obesity.MethodsA total of 60 males and 147 females with obesity were included, with a mean BMI of 37.9 ± 6.0 kg/m2 and a mean age of 52.6 ± 12.4 years. Muscle strength was evaluated with handgrip and appendicular skeletal muscle mass was measured with dual‐energy x‐ray absorptiometry.ResultsParticipants were categorized into the following three groups: non‐weight cyclers, mild weight cyclers, and severe weight cyclers. From a binary logistic regression that considered muscle mass categories as a dependent variable and weight cycling categories, age, and sex as independent variables, severe weight cyclers showed a 3.8‐times increased risk of low muscle mass (95% CI: 1.42‐10.01). Considering handgrip strength categories as a dependent variable and weight cycling categories, age, sex, and BMI as independent variables, severe weight cycling was associated with an increased risk of low muscle mass (about 6.3 times, 95% CI: 1.96‐20.59). Severe weight cyclers showed a 5.2‐times greater risk of developing sarcopenia.ConclusionsIn adults with obesity, weight cycling is associated with lower muscle mass and strength and a greater likelihood of developing sarcopenic obesity.
Photovoltaic materials: Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) nanocrystals synthesized via industrially scalable, green, one‐step mechanochemical process
Authors: Baláž Peter , Hegedus Michal , Baláž Matej , Daneu Nina , Siffalovic Peter , Bujňáková Zdenka , Tóthová Erika , Tešínsky Matej , Achimovičová Marcela , Briančin Jaroslav , Dutková Erika , Kaňuchová Mária , Fabián Martin , Kitazono Satoshi , Dobrozhan Oleksandr 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe present study demonstrates a scalable approach towards the pure Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) phase starting from microsized Cu, Zn, Sn, and S mixture or a combination of nanosized CuS, SnS plus microsized Zn and S. A set of mechanochemical reactions was carried out in an industrial vibratory mill. The pure CZTS phase was obtained after 360 minutes of milling with an average crystallite size of 15 nm for both mixtures. The kinetics of CZTS formation was investigated following the X‐ray diffractometry (XRD) patterns of the reaction mixtures milled for various times. The morphology of particles and their elemental composition was studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM)/transmission electron spectroscopy (TEM) and EDX analysis. Photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis showed the presence of Cu+, Zn2+, Sn4+, and S2− species on the surface of CZTS with only minor oxidation. Thermal stability of the synthesized materials was followed by thermogravimetric analysis. Based on UV‐VIS measurements, the calculated bandgap Eg = 1.44 to 1.50 eV of the synthesized CZTS samples is acceptable for photovoltaic application. Moreover, the applied mechanochemical approach can produce 100 to 500 g of CZTS in a batch mode experiment that is 10 to 50 times higher amount as the throughput of laboratory planetary mills. Hypothetically, in the applied industrial eccentric vibratory mill, the amount can be increased up to 50 kg per one batch.