bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Novel method to estimate Economic Replacing Time of Transformer Using Monte Carlo Algorithm and ANN
Authors: Zareian Jahromi Mehdi , Mehrabanjahromi M.Hossein , Tajdinian Mohsen , Allahbakhshi Mehdi 
Published: December 2018

A hybrid method for developing a more principled approach is presented to determine the life expectancy of transformers. The approach is constructed on an economic analysis of the transformers operational characteristics in combination Â with the technical issues incorporated in the decision process. In this method, firstly life time of transformer is estimated using a hybrid method based on Monte Carlo algorithm and artificial neural network. Also Pareto distribution function is applied to consider health history of transformer and uncertainty in DP behavior of transformer. In the next step, a method is proposed in order to estimate economic replacement time of transformer. This method is based on the well-known bathtub failure model, containing repairs and scheduled maintenance, in order to achieve at a more economically aim Â replacing decision. This aim is obtained in part by considering the uncertainty intrinsic in transformer failures and the corresponding discontinuations in power. In essence, this method organizes a decision support system for determination the life expectancy of a transformer. Simulation results show the high accuracy and functionality of the proposed approach in estimating economic replacing time of the Transformer.
ABOUT THE SILICON SENSITIVITY OF THE DEEP LEVEL WITH ALTERNATING PRESSURE
Authors: Tursunov Ikrom gulamjonovich , Okhunov Abdurahim Abduraxmonovich , Mamatkarimov Odiljon Oxundadaevich 
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACT: This paper discusses the strain sensitivity of silicon with deep levels under variable pressure. It is shown that in the pressure swing in silicon with deep levels, there is a redistribution of the primary spatial inhomogeneities in the distribution of impurities so that the electron-hole relaxation after stress relief will occur in the new potential relief.
ABSTRAK: Kajian ini membincangkan tentang sensitiviti kepekaan strain silikon pada pelbagai tahap dalam tekanan. Keputusan menunjukkan terdapat ketidakharmonian agihan pada spasial utama dalam agihan kotoran dengan ayunan tekanan dalam silikon pada tahap dalam, supaya relaksasi lubang-elektron setelah pelepasan tekanan akan berlaku dalam pelepasan potensi baru.
THE HYDRODYNAMIC COEFFICIENTS FOR OSCILLATING 2D RECTANGULAR BOX USING WEAKLY COMPRESSIBLE SMOOTHED PARTICLE HYDRODYNAMICS (WCSPH) METHOD
Authors: Ramli Muhammad Zahir 
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACT: An implementation of the weakly compressible smoothed particle hydrodynamics (WCSPH) method is demonstrated to determine the hydrodynamics coefficients through radiation problem of an oscillating 2D rectangular box. Three possible modes of motion namely swaying, heaving, and rolling are carried out to establish the influence of oscillating motions in predicting the added mass and damping. Both solid boundary and fluid flow are modelled by WCSPH and validated by the potential flow and experimental results. Discrepancies observed at lower frequencies are further investigated using different particle resolutions, different time steps, and extending the domain with longer runtime to demonstrate the performance of WCSPH. Finally, flow separation and vortices are discussed and compared with experimental results.
ABSTRAK: Bagi fenomena yang melibatkan radiasi dalam air, segiempat kotak 2D diosilasikan dengan menggunakan simulasi WCSPH untuk memperoleh pekali hidrodinamik. Mod osilasi terbahagi kepada 3 iaitu sway, heave dan roll. Osilasi dengan mengguna pakai kotak akan mempengaruhi pergerakan air dalam menentukan nilai penambahan jisim dan rendaman. Keseluruhan domain air dan sempadan telah dimodelkan dengan menggunakan WCSPH. Semua model tersebut kemudiannya akan dibandingkan melalui keputusan eksperimen dan teori. Jika keputusan melalui kaedah WCSPH ini berbeza, terutama pada frekuensi rendah, penyelidikan lanjut akan dilakukan dengan menggunakan zarah resolusi yang berbeza, langkah masa yang berbeza dan menambah masa domain ujikaji bagi menilai keputusan WCSPH. Akhirnya, kriteria aliran dan kadar pusaran yang terhasil di sekeliling kotak akan dibincang dan dibandingkan bersama keputusan eksperimen.
Chlorella vulgaris logistic growth kinetics model in high concentrations of aqueous ammonia
Authors: Azmi Azlin Suhaida , CHE AZIZ NURAIN ATIKAH , Mohamad Puad Noor Illi , Halim Amanatuzzakiah Abdul , Yusof Faridah , Yusup Suzana 
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACT: The ability of microalgae to utilize CO2 during photosynthesis and grow rapidly shows their potential in CO2 bio-fixation to capture and store the gas. However, CO2 capture by this biological approach is very slow compared to chemical reaction-based processes such as absorption using amine or aqueous ammonia. Integration between chemical (aqueous ammonia) and biological (microalgae) aspects might enhance the capturing process and at the same time the microalgae can assimilate CO2 for beneficial bioproduct formation. Thus, it is important to assess the growth of the microalgae in various concentrations of ammonia with CO2 supply. Hence, the main objective of this study is to investigate Chlorella vulgaris growth and its kinetics in aqueous ammonia. To achieve that, C. vulgaris was cultivated in various concentrations of aqueous ammonia between 0 to 1920 mg/L at room temperature (i.e. 27 Â°C) and supplied with 15% (v/v) of CO2 under illumination of 3500 lux of white fluorescent light. Result shows that the maximum growth capacity (Xmax) of C. vulgaris is deteriorating from 1.820 Au to 0.245 Au as the concentration of aqueous ammonia increased. However, no significant change in maximum specific growth rate (Âµmax) was observed. The growth data was then fitted into the logistic growth model. The model coefficient of determination (R2) is decreasing, which suggests modification of the model is required.
ABSTRAK: Keupayaan alga-mikro untuk menggunakan CO2 semasa proses fotosintesis dan pembiakannya yang pesat menunjukkan potensi dalam penggunaan dan penyimpanan gas ketetapan-biologi. Walau bagaimanapun, penggunaan CO2 melalui cara ini adalah sangat perlahan berbanding proses tindak balas kimia melalui penyerapan amina ataupun cecair ammonia. Percampuran antara tindak balas kimia (cecair ammonia) dan tindak balas biologi, memungkinkan penambahan proses percampuran dan pada masa sama alga-mikro akan menyerap CO2 bagi kepentingan pembentukan hasil biologi. Dengan itu, adalah sangat penting untuk mengawasi pertumbuhan alga-mikro dalam pelbagai ketumpatan ammonia bersama kandungan CO2. Oleh itu, objektif utama penyelidikan ini adalah untuk menyiasat pertumbuhan Chlorella vulgaris dan proses kinetik dalam cecair ammonia. Bagi memperoleh hasil tersebut, C. vulgaris telah dikulturkan pada ketumpatan cecair berbeza antara 0 ke 1920 mg/L pada suhu bilik (iaitu 27 Â°C) dan dibekalkan dengan 15% (v/v) CO2 di bawah cahaya putih flurosen 3500 lux. Keputusan menunjukkan kapasiti pertumbuhan terbanyak (Xmax) C. vulgaris telah berkurang daripada 1.820 Au kepada 0.245 Au apabila ketumpatan cecair ammonia dikurangkan. Walau bagaimanapun, tiada perubahan ketara pada kadar pertumbuhan (Âµmax) dapat dilihat. Data kadar pertumbuhan kemudiannya dikemas kini pada model pertumbuhan logistik. Model pekali penentu (R2) telah direndahkan di mana cadangan untuk mengubah model adalah diperlukan.
A STUDY ON LOW-COMPLEXITY TRANSMIT ANTENNA SELECTION FOR GENERALIZED SPATIAL MODULATION
Authors: Alafia Adewale , Ajose Simeon Olumide , Imoize Agbotiname Lucky 
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACT: Generalized spatial modulation (GSM) maps its information to the index of the transmit antenna combination, making simultaneous transmission of multiple symbol possible. However, SM outperform GSM scheme in terms of error performance of the same data rate, due to average power effect. Transmit and receive diversity or the combination of both allow huge improvement in mimo systems in terms of error performance. In this paper, we investigate a near optimal low-complexity Euclidean distance antenna selection (LC-EDAS) technique in GSM system, to further improve the performance of the conventional GSM system. The LC-EDAS technique independently search across signal and spatial dimension to eliminate the worse channel prior to transmission. Secondly, we investigate a sub-optimal low-complexity transmit antenna selection (LCTAS) in the GSM system to further reduce the computational complexity (CC) imposed by LC-EDAS. The Monte Carlo simulation results obtained reveals a trade-off between the GSM scheme with LC-EDAS and GSM scheme with sub-optimal transmit antenna selection in terms of error performance and CC.
ABSTRAK: Modulasi Spatial Keseluruhan (GSM) menghubung informasi kepada indeks kombinasi antena yang dipancarkan, membuatkan pemancaran keseluruhan simbol dapat dilakukan. Walau bagaimanapun, SM lebih bagus daripada skim GSM pada prestasi kesilapan pada kadar data yang sama, kerana kesan purata kuasa. Kepelbagaian penghantaran dan penerimaan ataupun kombinasi keduanya memberi pembaharuan yang lebih besar dalam sistem mimo pada prestasi kesalahan. Penyelidikan ini akan mengkaji optima terdekat Euclidean kurang rumit, melalui teknik (LC-EDAS) pilihan jarak antenna dalam sistem GSM, bagi menambah prestasi sistem GSM sedia ada. Teknik LC-EDAS secara sendiri mencari signal dan dimensi separa bagi mengurangkan saluran lebih teruk semasa penghantaran. Kedua, kami mengkaji sub-optima proses pemilihan kurang rumit penyebaran antena (LCTAS) dalam sistem GSM bagi mengurangkan kerumitan pengiraan (CC) yang dikenakan oleh LC-EDAS. Keputusan simulasi Monte Carlo yang diperoleh menunjukkan timbangan antara skim GSM dan LC-EDAS dan skim GSM bersama sub-optima proses pemilihan penyebaran antena berdasarkan kesilapan prestasi dan CC.
STUDY OF MESH QUALITY IMPROVEMENT FOR CFD ANALYSIS OF AN AIRFOIL
Authors: Aqilah Farah , Islam Mazharul , Juretic Franjo , Guerrero Joel , Wood David , Ani Farid Nasir 
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACT: Airfoils generate lift in engineering applications such as for airplanes, wind turbines, automotive spoilers, etc. For accurate CFD analysis of airfoils, the quality of the mesh is of paramount importance, especially when dealing with turbulent flows commonly encountered in real life applications. Currently there are different tools that are available to improve the quality of the mesh required for CFD studies. This paper describes a study to assess the significant of the quality of the mesh on CFD analyses of NACA 23012 airfoil by using selected open source tools. The turbulence is modeled using the well-known k-Ï‰ Shear Stress Transport model. For validation, results have been compared with experimental datasets which were obtained from â€œTAG Stuttgart #1â€ tunnel.
ABSTRAK: Sayap pesawat dapat menghasilkan daya angkat dalam aplikasi kejuruteraan seperti kapal terbang, turbin angin, spoiler automotif, dan sebagainya. Kualiti pada jaringan adalah amat penting bagi mendapatkan analisa CFD yang tepat pada sayap pesawat, terutamanya apabila berhadapan situasi aliran turbulen sebenar. Pada masa ini terdapat pelbagai perisian bagi meningkatkan mutu jaringan dalam kajian CFD. Kertas kerja ini membentangkan satu kajian bagi menilai kepentingan kualiti jaringan pada analisis CFD bagi sayap pesawat NACA 23012 dengan menggunakan sumber terpilih perisian terbuka. Model turbulen dibangunkan mengguna pakai model k-Ï‰ Shear Stress Transport (SST) yang terkenal. Bagi pengesahan, keputusan uji kaji telah dibandingkan dengan set data yang diperoleh dari terowong "TAG Stuttgart #1â€."
A NEW SPECTRUM AND ENERGY AWARE ROUTING PROTOCOL IN COGNITIVE RADIO SENSOR NETWORK
Authors: Mazinani Sayyed Majid , Moshtaghi Sara 
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACT: Cognitive radio sensor network (CRSN) is a new generation of communication systems that wants to solve the overcrowded spectrum utilization of the unlicensed bands. It has combined sensor networks and cognitive radio technology, so it has the challenges of energy restriction of sensors and also dynamic spectrum access of the cognitive radio network. On the other hand, considering both of these challenges in the routing protocol plays a basic role in network performance and we canâ€™t apply the routing protocols that have been proposed for wireless sensor networks and cognitive radio networks, separately, in the CRSN. Therefore, this article has tried to provide a new spectrum and energy-aware routing protocol in which the source is able to choose the most stable route in the aspect of node residual energy or spectrum access probability. Not only can considering the nodal residual energy and spectrum access in the route discovery process avoid repetitive link failure, but it also can increase the network lifetime. This protocol has been compared with ESAC, SCR, ERP, and SER. The result of this comparison has shown that our protocol reduces end-to-end delay, control overhead, throughput, and lifetime in comparison to other protocols, especially in small-scale networks.
ABSTRAK: Rangkaian sensor radio kognitif (CRSN) adalah generasi baru sistem telekomunikasi bagi menyelesaikan masalah kesesakan pada pemakaian band spektrum tidak berlesen. Ianya adalah kombinasi rangkaian sensor dan teknologi radio kognitif. Oleh itu, ia mempunyai cabaran sekatan tenaga pada sensor dan kemasukan spektrum secara dinamik pada rangkaian radio kognitif. Pada masa sama, dengan mengambil kira kedua-dua cabaran pada protokol rangkaian ini telah memainkan peranan asas pada prestasi rangkaian dan kami tidak boleh mengguna pakai protokol rangkaian yang telah diguna pakai pada rangkaian sensor tanpa wayar dan rangkaian radio kognitif secara asing dalam CRSN. Oleh itu, artikel ini cuba menyediakan spektrum baru dan pengawasan tenaga pada protokol rangkaian, di mana sumber boleh memilih laluan rangkaian yang stabil dengan mengambil kira pada aspek baki tenaga nod atau kebarangkalian akses spektrum. Selain itu, ianya dapat mengelakkan kegagalan laluan berulang juga menambahkan jangka hayat rangkaian. Protokol ini telah dibandingkan dengan ESAC, SCR, ERP dan SER. Perbandingan keputusan menunjukkan protokol ini mengurangkan kelewatan hujung-ke-hujung, mengawal kesesakan, mambaiki jumlah penghantaran dan menambah tempoh hayat berbanding protokol lain, khususnya pada rangkaian skala kecil.
SYNTHETIC ANTIMICROBIAL AGENT AND ANTIMICROBIAL FABRICS: PROGRESS AND CHALLENGES
Authors: Zain Norashikin Binti Mat , Akindoyo John Olabode , Beg Mohammad Dalour Hossen 
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACT: Recently, there is a strengthening requirement for antimicrobial fabrics that are resistant to pathogens, offer greater hygiene, and are protective in an active lifestyle. Synthetic compounds have been applied to impart antimicrobial properties to the fabrics. In this paper, synthetic antimicrobial agents, namely quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs), polyhexamethylene biguanide (PHMB), triclosan, and N-halamine are discussed along with their mechanisms of action. Research has been done on synthetic antimicrobial treatment of fabrics; the tested microorganisms used to determine their efficiency and durability are summarized. It is also found that although synthetic antimicrobial agents have excellent strength to kill the microorganisms, some of these antimicrobial agents are harmful and have adverse effects on the environment, safety, and health. Identification of these problems will provide future challenges to overcome and improve the techniques used for antimicrobial treatment of the fabrics. Based on the infromation presented herein, it is recommended that subsequent studies should consider the use of antimicrobial agents that are either obtained from plant sources or from microorganisms. On the other hand, nanotechnlogy should be explored for production of antimicrobial agents in further studies based on its potential to facilitate the production of environmentally benign antimicrobial agents.
ABSTRAK: Kebelakangan ini, permintaan terhadap fabrik antimikrobial bagi mencegah jangkitan patogen, penjagaan kebersihan dan perlindungan bagi gaya hidup yang aktif semakin meningkat. Sebatian sintetik telah diguna pakai bagi menambah sifat antimikrobial pada fabrik. Di dalam artikel ini, agen antimikrob sintetik yang dinamakan sebagai sebatian ammonium kuater (QAC), polyhexamethylene biguanide (PHMB), triclosan dan N-halamine serta mekanisma tindak balasnya telah dibincangkan. Penyelidikan telah dijalankan terhadap fabrik yang dirawat menggunakan agen antimikrob sintetik. Mikroorganisma yang digunakan bagi menentukan kecekapan dan daya tahan turut diringkaskan. Keputusan menunjukkan agen antimikrobial sintetik mempunyai tindak balas yang sangat baik untuk membunuh mikroorganisma, namun sebahagian agen antimikrobial ini berbahaya dan mempunyai kesan buruk terhadap alam sekitar, keselamatan dan kesihatan. Melalui kaedah kenal pasti masalah, ia dapat memberi solusi dan membaiki teknik rawatan antimikrobial pada fabrik pada masa hadapan. Hasil keputusan dan perbincangan menunjukkan kajian seterusnya harus menimbang penggunaan agen antimikrobial yang diperoleh dari sumber tumbuhan. Selain itu, nanoteknologi harus diterokai bagi pengeluaran agen antimikrobial berdasarkan potensinya yang mesra alam.
An analytical technique to obtain higher-order approximate periods for nonlinear oscillator
Authors: Chowdhury Md Sazzad Hossien , Hosen Md. Alal , ALI MOHAMMAD YEAKUB , ISMAIL AHMAD FARIS 
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACT: This paper presents simulation results of the influence of wide range modulation index values ( ) in carrier-based PWM strategy for application in generating the stepped waveform. The waveform is tested for application in single-phase half-bridge modular multilevel converters (MMCs) topology. The results presented in this paper include a variation of the fundamental component (50 Hz) in the voltage output. It also studies total harmonic distortion of the output voltage (THDv) and the output current (THDi) when the modulation index is changed over the linear-modulation region, 0 < < 1. It also explores the effect of a modulation index greater than 1. Moreover, different output voltage shapes, as a consequence of varied on MMCs, are also illustrated for showing the effect of varying the value of on sub-module of MMCs.
ABSTRAK: Penulisan ini berkenan simulasi pengaruh pelbagai nilai indeks modulasi ( ) dalam strategi PWM berasaskan aplikasi dalam menghasilkan bentuk gelombang yang bertingkat. Bentuk gelombang ini diuji untuk aplikasi dalam topologi MMCs. Penilaian dan hasil dari artikle ini termasuk variasi komponen asas (50 Hz) dalam voltan keluar. Ia juga meneliti jumlah penyelarasan harmonik voltan keluar (THDv) dan arus keluaran (THDi) apabila indeks modulasi ditukar dalam rantau modulasi linear, 0 < <1. Ia juga meneroka kesan indeks modulasi lebih daripada 1. Selain itu, bentuk voltan keluar yang berbeza sebagai akibat dari pelbagai pada MMCs juga digambarkan untuk menunjukkan kesan berbeza-beza nilai pada sub-modul MMCs.
PENGEMBANGAN BATAKO SISTEM INTERLOCKING UNTUK BANGUNAN TAHAN GEMPA
Authors: Trisnoyuwono Diarto , Simamora Marsinta , Nahak Priska Gardeni 
Published: December 2018

Earthquakes as a natural phenomenon have caused many casualties and property.for the examples human casualties from the Aceh earthquake on December 26th, 2006 more than 180 thousand people, the Nias earthquake on March 15th, 2005 have more than 3000 of victims andlast the Yogyakarta earthquake on 27th May 2006 over 5700 victims. Based on observations most of the human victims caused by falling by the collapsed building. One of the elements of the building that is easy to fail when an earthquake strike is part of the wall.The walls are composed of clay bricks or concrete bricks only able to withstand axial force but weak in resisting lateral force perpendicular to the plane. Innovation model of brick to overcome the problem is batako interlocking system. Batako hooks (Interlock block) is a wall building material that has a hook to lock movement due to lateral force. Interlock block is the development of the brick by adding lips on certain sides as a lock. The developed brick model with a dimensions length of 30 cm, height of 15 cm and thickness of 10 cm, which is equipped with bulge / lips on all four sides. The portion of the mixture used is 1 cement: 5 sand. The molded brick was applied to a wall-mounted pairs product with a length of 1.5 m and a height of 1 m. Based on the calculation of material requirement from brick wall, it is known that the specific material for inserting an interlocking brick is 25% less than conventional batako pairs, besides the time required to obtain a neat pair of interlocking bricks is 7.5 minutes faster when compared with Installation of conventional brick.
Hubungan Pola Menstruasi Dengan Kejadian Anemia Pada Remaja Putri Kelas VII SMPN 6 Kediri.
Authors: Yunarsih Yunarsih , Antono Sumy Dwi 
Published: December 2018

Puberty is hormonal adolesence process which is signed with menstruation to girls adolesence. In early menstruation allowed menstrual cycle has not been regular,either excessive or menstrual cycle with longer interval. Excessively menstrual cycle causes the increase of iron substance need. So if iron substance has not been fulfilled it will be susceptible to happen anemia deficiency iron. The purpose of this research was to know whether there was a correlation between the menstrual cycle and anemia in 7 students of SMPN 6 kediri. Method which was used in the researchwas Survey Cross Sectional. Population in the research were all girls 7 th grade th gradestudentsof SMPN 6 Kediri who were taken suitable with inclusion criteria those were 80 students. Samples which were needed, were taken with Simple Random Sampling technique with number 45 samples. Data collecting was done by distributing questionnaire and cheking Hb. After data collected then tabulated, it was entered in Fisher Exact formula. It was gotten value p = 0.4 th ;α = 0.1, it mean there wasno a correlation between the menstrual cycle and anemia in 7 grade students of SMPN 6 Kediri. Menstrual cycle is not the only reason for anemia. In this research 7 from 11 respondents who anemia, they have IMT belower. So, consume nutrition food can prevent anemia, although someone have excersive menstrual cycle.; Keyword : Anemia, Menstrual Cycle, Adolescence
Pengaruh Pijat Bayi Dengan Terapi Bunga Lavender Terhadap Pemenuhan Kebutuhan Tidur Neonatus Di Posyandu Melati Mojoroto Kediri
Authors: Kasmiatun Sri 
Published: December 2018

Sleeping are unconscious which still work order of succesion siclic and can be brain and body work difference. Sleeping disturb is happened young people but it child and baby disturb happenend. Neonatus until three month to need sleeping time more 20 hour. The purpose of this observation was to know whether there any effect of lavender aroma teraphy baby massage toward neonatus sleeping necesity at the work region of posyandu Melati Mojoroto Kediri. The observation was the pre experiment by using one group pre post test one disign approach. Independen variable is lavender aroma teraphy body massage observation. The population in the observation as many as 13 neonatus and the number of samples as many as 13 neonatus with the sample taking technique was using total sampling. The result was gotten the observation was almost a half 9 neonatus (69,23%) experienced can’t sleeping necesity before lavender aroma teraphy body massage and and most 12 neonatus (92%) can be sleeping necesity after lavender aroma teraphy baby massage. By using t-test was gotten the result, ρ value = 0,001 ; α = 0,05, so Ho was rejected. It meant that there was lavender aroma theraphy baby massage toward sleeping necesity at the work region of Posyandu melati Mojoroto Kediri in 2011. It was suggested to mothers to do baby massage at regular time with lavender aroma teraphy so can sleeping neonatus necesity so baby growt age harmony.