bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Novel analytical perspectives on nonlinear instabilities of viscoelastic Bingham fluids in MHD flow fields
Authors: Moatimid Galal M. , Mohamed Yasmeen M. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe nonlinear stability of a plane interface separating two Bingham fluids and fully saturated in porous media is inspected in the existing work. The two fluids are compressed by a normal magnetic field. The two fluids have diverse viscoelasticity, densities, magnetic, and porosity medium, with the existence of surface tension at the interface. The motivation of applied physics and engineering relations has encouraged the discussion of the current paper. Because the mathematical behavior is rather complex, the viscoelasticity involvement is reproduced only at the surface of separation, which is well-known as the viscous potential theory. Thereby, the equations of movement are scrutinized in a linear form, whereas a set of nonlinear boundary conditions are supposed. This procedure produces a nonlinear expressive nonlinear partial differential equation of the interface displacement. The non-perturbative approach which is based on the He’s frequency formula is employed to transform the nonlinear distinguishing ordinary differential equation with complex coefficients into a linear one. A novel process relying on the non-perturbative approach is utilized to examine the nonlinear stability and scrutinize the interface presentation. A non-dimensional analysis produces several dimensionless physical numerals. To validate the new approach, a comparison between the non-perturbative approach and its corresponding linear ordinary differential equation via the Mathematica Software is described and interpreted through a set of diagrams. Additionally, the Polar graphs have been elucidated. It is found that the mechanism of the stability does not change in the cases of real and complex coefficients.
Evaluation of radiological hazards associated with some Egyptian marble and granite rocks
Authors: El-Nahal M. A , Alawy Mahmoud K. , Elsafi Mohamed 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe aim of the current study is to evaluate the radioactivity estimate the radiological risk of some granites and marbles rocks and explaining the cause of increased radioactivity in some types of rocks. The radioactivity of some granites and marbles produced in Egypt were determined by using a Germanium detector. Three types of marble (Breshia, Galala, and Trista) and three types of granite (Gandola, White Halayeb, and Red Aswani) were collected. All marble samples show low radioactivity with average activity concentrations of 20 ± 2, 4.50 ± 0.5, and 6.70 ± 1.2 Bqkg− 1 for 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K respectively. Granite samples have higher activity concentration with averages of 152 ± 7, 129 ± 8, and 1228 ± 15 Bqkg− 1 for 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K respectively which exceed the world average values of soil (32,45,412 Bqkg− 1 for 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K respectively) excluding Granite G.2 (white Halayeb) as it shows an insignificant level of radioactivity. The annual effective doses of marble samples Breshia, Galala, and Trista were measured to be 4.42 ± 0.4; 158 ± 14 and 153 ± 15 µSvy− 1, and 1008 ± 147, 80 ± 7 and 987 ± 45.0 µSvy− 1 for the granite samples Gandola, White Halayeb and Red Aswani respectively. The radiation hazard parameters show a higher value for granite samples than marble samples, primarily due to the presence of potassium feldspar minerals in these types of granites. marbles were observed to be radiologically safer than granite because they possess a neglected 40K content and a trace quantity of uranium and thorium. Moreover, the minimum potassium content is enough to make a rock radiological unsafe due to 40K only being determined to be about 13.2%.
The relationship between climate classes and particulate matters over Europe
Authors: Pražnikar Jure 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPresent and future Köppen-Geiger climate maps and time series of particulate matter (PM10) at continental scale were used to investigate the relationship between spatial patterns of PM10 and climate zones. Five main patterns (spatial clusters) of PM10 were found over the European continent, which show a good spatial overlap with the main Köppen-Geiger climate zones. The map of future climate, which shows a poleward movement of the warmer climate zones, an expansion of the (semi-)arid zones and a shrinking of the polar and tundra zones, indicates a higher PM10 concentration, especially in the northern part of Europe. The results also show that there is a temporal shift (later/earlier) of PM10 extremes in the period 2013–2022. This insight into the relationship between climate zones and clustered PM10 time series and the use of high-quality future climate maps based on different scenarios can be used to estimate possible changes, such as annual averages or seasonal cycles, in PM10 concentrations.
Ultra-weak photon emission from DNA
Authors: Pietruszka Mariusz , Marzec Marek 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIt is conventionally believed that macromolecules found in living cells, including DNA, RNA, and proteins, do not exhibit inherent light emission. However, recent studies have challenged this concept by demonstrating spontaneous light emission from nucleic acids under certain conditions and physiological temperatures. By noninvasive monitoring of barley genomic DNA and advanced statistical physics analyses, temperature-induced dynamic entropy fluctuations and fractal dimension oscillations were identified at a key organizational threshold. The study revealed evidence for non-equilibrium phase transitions, a noticeable photovoltaic current jump at zero bias voltage, and a proportional increase (scaling) of the photoinduced current corresponding to increasing amounts of DNA. In addition, we estimated DNA’s energy production rate at criticality and introduced an interferometer using coherent light emissions from the DNA-water interface. These findings suggest that DNA is a major source of ultraweak photon emission in biological systems.
Atrial cardiomyopathy in endurance athletes
Authors: Spencer L. W. , D’Ambrosio P. , Ohanian M. , Rowe S. J. , Janssens K. , Claessen G. , Fatkin D. , La Gerche A. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Atrial cardiomyopathy is characterized by electrical and structural remodeling of the atria, which can predispose to arrhythmias and thromboembolic stroke. Changes in atrial size and function are frequently observed in athletes engaged in endurance sports, a phenomenon known as “athlete’s heart.” Common left atrial observations in athletes may include larger left atrial volumes but lower left atrioventricular volume ratios, mildly reduced left atrial strain, possible mild left atrial fibrosis, longer P-wave duration, and greater atrial ectopic activity. However, it remains unclear whether these changes represent physiological adaptations to endurance exercise or disease-promoting pathology. While the athlete’s heart is considered a benign physiological phenomenon, endurance athletes have an established risk of atrial fibrillation. Therefore, atrial cardiomyopathy represents a significant consideration in disease prognostication and the development of management strategies for athletes. This review examines current literature with respect to the clinical features, causes, and consequences of atrial cardiomyopathy in athletes.
Photovoltaic bioelectronics merging biology with new generation semiconductors and light in biophotovoltaics photobiomodulation and biosensing
Authors: Joseph Ebin , Ciocca Manuela , Wu Haodong , Marcozzi Serena , Ucci Maria Assunta , Keremane Kavya , Zheng Luyao , Poudel Bed , Wu Congcong , Camaioni Antonella , Wang Kai , Priya Shashank , Brown Thomas M. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis review covers advancements in biosensing, biophotovoltaics, and photobiomodulation, focusing on the synergistic use of light, biomaterials, cells or tissues, interfaced with photosensitive dye-sensitized, perovskite, and conjugated polymer organic semiconductors or nanoparticles. Integration of semiconductor and biological systems, using non-invasive light-probes or -stimuli for both sensing and controlling biological behavior, has led to groundbreaking applications like artificial retinas. From fusion of photovoltaics and biology, a new research field emerges: photovoltaic bioelectronics.
Swin‐YOLOX for autonomous and accurate drone visual landing
Authors: Chen Rongbin , Xu Ying , Sinal Mohamad Sabri bin , Zhong Dongsheng , Li Xinru , Li Bo , Guo Yadong , Luo Qingjia 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAs UAVs are more and more widely used in military and civilian fields, their intelligent applications have also been developed rapidly. However, high‐precision autonomous landing is still an industry challenge. GPS‐based methods will not work in places where GPS signals are not available; multi‐sensor combination navigation is difficult to be widely used because of the high equipment requirements; traditional vision‐based methods are sensitive to scale transformation, background complexity and occlusion, which affect the detection performance. In this paper, we address these problems and apply deep learning methods to target detection in the UAV landing phase. Firstly, we optimize the backbone network of YOLOX and propose the Swin Transformer based YOLOX (Swin‐YOLOX) UAV landing visual positioning algorithm. Secondly, based on the UAV‐VPD database, a batch of actual acquisition data is added to build the UAV‐VPDV2 database by AI annotation method. And finally, the RBN data batch normalization method is used to improve the performance of the model in extracting effective features from the data. Extensive experiments have shown that the AP50 of the proposed method can reach 98.7%, which is superior to other detection models, with a detection speed of 38.4 frames/second, and can meet the requirements of real‐time detection.
A complete Herbig disk mass survey in Orion
Authors: Stapper L. M. , Hogerheijde M. R. , van Dishoeck E. F. , Booth A. S. , Grant S. L. , van Terwisga S. E. 
Published: November 2024

Context. Disks around intermediate mass stars called Herbig disks are the formation sites of giant exoplanets. Obtaining a complete inventory of these disks will therefore give insights into giant planet formation. However, to date no complete disk survey has been done on Herbig disks in a single star-forming region.
Aims. Our aim is to obtain the first complete survey of Herbig disks. Orion is the only nearby region with a significant number of Herbig disks (N=35) where such a survey can be carried out. The resulting dust mass distribution is compared to other dust mass distributions of disks around proto- and pre-main sequence stars in Orion. In addition, we ascertain whether previous Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) observations have been biased toward the most massive and brightest Herbig disks.
Methods. Using new Northern Extended Millimeter Array (NOEMA) observations of 25 Herbig disks, in combination with ALMA archival data of 10 Herbig disks, resulted in a complete sample of all known Herbig disks in Orion. Using uv-plane analysis for the NOEMA observed disks, and literature values of the ALMA observed disks, we obtained the dust masses of all Herbig disks and obtained a cumulative dust mass distribution. Additionally, six disks with new CO isotopolog detections are presented, one of which is detected in C17O. We calculated the external ultraviolet (UV) irradiance on each disk and compared the dust mass to it.
Results. We find a median disk dust mass of 11.7 M⊕ for the Herbig disks. Comparing the Herbig disks in Orion to previous surveys for mainly T Tauri disks in Orion, we find that while ~50% of the Herbig disks have a mass higher than 10 M⊕, this is at most 25% for the T Tauri disks. This difference is especially striking when considering that the Herbig disks are around a factor of 2 older than the T Tauri disks. After a comparison to the Herbig disks observed with ALMA from a previous study, no significant difference is found between the distributions. We find a steeper relationship between the dust mass and external UV irradiation (slope of −7.6) compared to that of the T Tauri disks (slope of −1.3). Comparing our results to a recent SPHERE survey of disks in Orion, we see that the Herbig disks present the largest and brightest disks and have structures indicative of gas-giant formation.
Conclusions. Herbig disks are on average more massive compared to T Tauri disks. This work shows the importance of complete samples, giving rise to the need of a complete survey of the Herbig disk population.
A catalog of ringed galaxies in the TNG50 simulation: Analysis of their properties and structure
Authors: Fernandez Julia , Sillero Emanuel , Alonso Sol , Tissera Patricia 
Published: November 2024

Aims. We explore galaxies with ringed structures in the TNG50 simulation to study their frequency and the influence of physical processes on their properties and morphologies.
Methods. The catalog of ringed galaxies was compiled through visual classification of synthetic images from the TNG50 simulation. Galaxies were selected based on specific criteria: a redshift range of 0.01 < z < 0.1, stellar mass M⋆ > 109 M⊙, stellar half-mass radius r50 > 1 kpc, and a specific star formation rate (sSFR), log(sSFR/yr−1) > −13. Our classification allowed for differentiation between inner rings, outer rings, combinations of rings – inner + outer (i+o) –, and partial rings (pseudo-rings), including barred and non-barred ringed galaxies. We constructed a suitable control sample of non-ringed galaxies with similar redshift, stellar mass, and environmental density distributions to those of the ringed ones. The comparison between the galaxies in both samples enabled the analysis of their properties and differences. Finally, we analyzed the surface density of stellar mass (Σ*(r)) to better understand the distribution and structure of the rings in relation to the properties of their host galaxies.
Results. We identified 807 ringed galaxies within the TNG50 simulation. Approximately 59% of these galaxies possess an inner ring, 22% a partial ring, 12% an outer ring, and 7% have i+o rings. Furthermore, our statistical analysis reveals that a notable 64% (507 galaxies) exhibit bars. In terms of physical properties, we find that ringed galaxies exhibit a lower efficiency for star formation activity, reduced gas fractions, redder colors, and higher metallicities with respect to non-ringed disk objects. Moreover, ringed galaxies display greater variability in metallicity for a given stellar mass compared to their non-ringed counterparts, indicating distinct evolutionary processes. From the analysis of radial profiles, we find that galaxies with outer rings exhibit a r50 similar to or slightly larger than their control group, while those with inner or partial rings tend to have smaller sizes. A deeper exploration of radial density profiles revealed a pronounced central mass deficit preceding the ring structures, with inner and outer rings located approximately at r50 and 1.5 r50, respectively. Galaxies with both i+o rings have inner rings that are more compact and massive. Additionally, galaxies with partial rings exhibit deeper mass profiles than their controls, particularly in central areas where pseudo-rings extend beyond r50. These findings not only improve our understanding of galactic evolution in ringed galaxies but also underline the complex interplay between mass distribution and galactic morphology.
Halo mergers enhance the growth of massive black hole seeds
Authors: Prole Lewis R. , Regan John A. , Whalen Daniel J. , Glover Simon C. O. , Klessen Ralf S. 
Published: November 2024

Context. High-redshift observations of 109 M⊙ supermassive black holes (SMBHs) at z ∼ 7 and ‘little red dots’ that may host over-massive black holes (BHs) at z > 4 suggests the existence of so-called heavy seeds (> 1000 M⊙) in the early Universe. Recent work has suggested that the rapid assembly of halos may be the key to forming heavy seeds early enough in the Universe to match such observations, as the high rate of accretion into the halo suppresses the cooling ability of H2, allowing it to quickly accrete up to the atomic cooling limit of 107 M⊙ prior to the run-away collapse of baryonic gas within its dark matter (DM) potential, without the need for extreme radiation fields or DM streaming velocities.
Aims. While the rapid assembly of halos can lead to increased halo masses upon the onset of collapse, it remains unclear if this leads to higher-mass BH seeds. As a common route for halos to grow rapidly is via halo-halo mergers, we aim to test what effects such a merger occurring during the initial gas collapse has on the formation of BH seeds.
Methods. We performed simulations of BH seed formation in four distinct idealised halo collapse scenarios: an isolated 106 M⊙ minihalo, an isolated 107 M⊙ atomic halo, the direct collision of two 107 M⊙ halos, and a fly-by collision of two 107 M⊙ halos. We simulated the collapse of the gas down to scales of ∼0.0075 pc before inserting sink particles as BH seeds and captured a further 10 Myr of accretion.
Results. We have shown that halo collisions create a central environment of increased density, inside which BH seeds can accrete at higher rates. For direct collisions, the gas density peaks are disrupted by the interaction, as the collisionless DM peaks pass through each other while the colliding gas is left in the centre, removing the BH from its accretion source. When the central density peaks instead experience a fly-by interaction, the BH remains embedded in the dense gas and maintains higher accretion rates throughout the simulated period compared to the isolated halo cases. The total simulated period was 70 Myr, and we followed the evolution of the BH for the final 10 Myr. The BH spends the final 6 Myr embedded in the dense, shocked region. The final mass of the BH is a factor of 2 greater than in the isolated atomic halo case, and a factor of 3 greater than the minihalo case, reaching 104 M⊙ via its 0.03 pc accretion radius. As the maximum halo mass before collapse is determined by the atomic cooling limit of a few times 107 M⊙, the ability of halo-halo mergers to further boost the rates of accretion onto the central object may play a crucial role in growing SMBH seeds, which is needed to explain recent observations of seemingly over-massive BHs at high redshifts.
Développement d’une Grille d’Observation des habiletés individuelles reliées au Travail d’équipe lors d’une RÉAnimation Traumatologique (GO-TREAT) en contexte de simulation clinique
Authors: Lapierre Alexandra , Arbour Caroline , Lavoie Patrick 
Published: November 2024

Contexte : Il n’existe aucune grille d’observation pour documenter les habiletés individuelles de travail d’équipe qui sont mobilisées lors d’une réanimation traumatologique. But : Présenter les premières étapes du développement de la Grille d’Observation des habiletés individuelles reliées au Travail d’équipe lors d’une RÉAnimation Traumatologique (GO-TREAT) en contexte de simulation clinique et proposer une version préliminaire. Méthode : Cette démarche s’est initialement appuyée sur des recommandations reconnues pour traduire, adapter et réaliser la validation transculturelle d’un outil d’évaluation, l’Observational Skill-based Clinical Assessment tool for Resuscitation (OSCAR). Une première phase de traduction et d’adaptation de l’OSCAR a été effectuée auprès de deux traducteurs. Neuf experts en traumatologie à la salle d’urgence ont validé le contenu des énoncés de la grille. À la suite de ces étapes, plusieurs modifications ont été apportées par l’équipe de recherche menant au développement d’une toute nouvelle grille intitulée : GO-TREAT. Une mise à l’essai préliminaire a été effectuée à l’aide de 16 enregistrements vidéo de simulations interprofessionnelles en traumatologie. Résultats : Une version préliminaire de la GO-TREAT est présentée et propose des énoncés reliés à cinq sous-domaines du travail d’équipe (communication, coopération, coordination, leadership, surveillance) chez six professionnels composant l’équipe en traumatologie : inhalothérapeute, infirmier-ère au patient et médicaments, infirmier-ère aux notes, infirmier-ère leader, médecin leader, second médecin. Lors de la mise à l’essai, un effet plafond a été observé pour la moitié des énoncés de la grille. Conclusion : Des recommandations ont été émises pour le raffinement et l’évaluation plus approfondie de la GO-TREAT.
Study on the correction of the influence of thin film in the calibration of high-frequency hydrophone by laser Doppler vibration measurement
Authors: Yi Chang , Zhang Hengda , Zheng Huifeng , Gao Chu , Gao Shenping , Wang Xiaobo , Wu Delin , Wang Hongyuan , Yao Lei 
Published: November 2024

In the process of using laser interference calibration method to calibrate high-frequency hydrophones, a transparent reflective film will be used. This article studies the influence of the film on the calibration results. The theoretical calculation formula for the sound pressure transmission coefficient of thin films was derived through the impedance transfer method of multi-layer media. It can be observed that the sound pressure transmission coefficient decreases with increasing frequency, which means that the higher the frequency, the greater the influence of the thin film. When the ultrasonic frequency reaches 10 MHz, the sound pressure transmission coefficient of the thin film with a thickness of 15 μm decreases to 0.9017. The sound pressure measured by the laser Doppler vibrometer method was corrected by the sound pressure transmission coefficient and compared with the results measured by a standard hydrophone. Experiments were conducted to measure the sound pressure at frequencies of 1, 2, 3, 5, and 10 MHz. The results showed that correcting the measurement results of the laser vibrometer method by the sound pressure transmission coefficient can effectively reduce measurement errors.