bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Why women discontinue exclusive breastfeeding: a scoping review
Authors: Olalere Oladipupo , Harley Clare 
Published: December 2024

Background/Aims The World Health Organization recommends exclusive breastfeeding, but global rates remain low. The aim of this review was to provide insight into the reasons behind mothers’ decisions to cease exclusive breastfeeding in the first 6 months. Methods Studies published from 2013 on exclusive breastfeeding cessation were eligible for inclusion in the review. A total of 1910 studies were retrieved in the initial search, with 17 included in the final review. Results There were five main themes encompassing 19 factors that contributed to the decision to cease exclusive breastfeeding. These were challenges related to lactation, the infant, the mother's health, social issues and lifestyle. Lactation issues were the most common reason for stopping exclusive breastfeeding, while returning to work was the main lifestyle-related factor. Conclusions A clear understanding of why mothers stop exclusive breastfeeding should form the foundation of breastfeeding intervention strategies, as clinical support alone is insufficient for helping mothers achieve their breastfeeding goals. Implications for practice Healthcare providers should develop targeted interventions tailored to address reasons for early cessation of exclusive breastfeeding. There is a need for improved lactation support services, including education on proper latch techniques, management of nipple pain and injuries, and strategies to address perceived insufficient milk supply. There is also a need for improved education on breastfeeding techniques, expressing milk and storage options. Healthcare providers should involve family members in breastfeeding education to create a supportive environment for breastfeeding mothers.
Adjunctive hyperbaric oxygen therapy and negative pressure wound therapy for hard-to-heal wounds: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Yang Liehao , Kong Jiao , Xing Yunlong , Pan Lingfeng , Li Caihong , Wu Zhuoxia , Li Mingxi , Zhang Lianbo 
Published: December 2024

Objective: Negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) and hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) have been widely used in the treatment of hard-to-heal (chronic) wounds, but there is still a lack of sufficient evidence for their combined use for the treatment of hard-to-heal wounds. This systematic review aimed to identify the clinical efficacy and safety of adding adjunctive HBOT to NPWT for hard-to-heal wounds. Method: Embase, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure and Wanfang were searched from the establishment of the database to March 2022. The literature was screened according to the inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria. We assessed the quality of each included study with the Cochrane Collaboration Risk of Bias tool and Newcastle–Ottawa Scale. A meta-analysis was performed using R programming software version 4.1.0 (R Project for Statistical Computing, US). The PRISMA 2020 guidelines were used to report data from systematic reviews and meta-analysis. Results: A total of 15 studies were identified, including nine randomised clinical controlled trials and six retrospective studies. Meta-analysis results showed that NPWT combined with HBOT had better outcomes compared with the NPWT alone with regards to: wound healing rate (odds ratio (OR)=6.77; 95% confidence interval (Cl): 3.53–12.98; p<0.0001); bacterial positive rate of wound (OR=0.16; 95% CI: 0.05–0.55; p=0.0037); wound healing time (mean difference (MD)= –3.86; 95% Cl: –5.18 – –2.53; p<0.0001); wound area (standardised mean difference (SMD)=1.50; 95% Cl: 0.35–2.65; p=0.0104); hospitalisation time (MD= –3.14; 95% Cl: –4.93 – –1.36; p=0.005); and hospitalisation cost (OR= –202.64; 95% Cl: –404.53 – –0.75; p=0.0492). There was no significant difference in pain score (MD= –0.43; 95% Cl: –1.15–0.30; p=0.25). Conclusion: The findings of this study demonstrated that adjunctive HBOT with NPWT is safe and effective in the treatment of hard-to-heal wounds. However, these findings should be interpreted with great caution given the limitations of the studies included.
A regression based approach to phylogenetic reconstruction from multi-sample bulk DNA sequencing of tumors
Authors: Schmidt Henri , Raphael Benjamin J. 
Published: December 2024

Motivation
DNA sequencing of multiple bulk samples from a tumor provides the opportunity to investigate tumor heterogeneity and reconstruct a phylogeny of a patient’s cancer. However, since bulk DNA sequencing of tumor tissue measures thousands of cells from a heterogeneous mixture of distinct sub-populations, accurate reconstruction of the tumor phylogeny requires simultaneous deconvolution of cancer clones and inference of ancestral relationships, leading to a challenging computational problem. Many existing methods for phylogenetic reconstruction from bulk sequencing data do not scale to large datasets, such as recent datasets containing upwards of ninety samples with dozens of distinct sub-populations.

Results
We develop an approach to reconstruct phylogenetic trees from multi-sample bulk DNA sequencing data by separating the reconstruction problem into two parts: a structured regression problem for a fixed tree T, and an optimization over tree space. We derive an algorithm for the regression sub-problem by exploiting the unique, combinatorial structure of the matrices appearing within the problem. This algorithm has both asymptotic and empirical improvements over linear programming (LP) approaches to the problem. Using our algorithm for this regression sub-problem, we develop fastBE, a simple method for phylogenetic inference from multi-sample bulk DNA sequencing data. We demonstrate on simulated data with hundreds of samples and upwards of a thousand distinct sub-populations that fastBE outperforms existing approaches in terms of reconstruction accuracy, sample efficiency, and runtime. Owing to its scalability, fastBE enables both phylogenetic reconstruction directly from indvidual mutations without requiring the clustering of mutations into clones, as well as a new phylogeny constrained mutation clustering algorithm. On real data from fourteen B-progenitor acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients, fastBE infers mutation phylogenies with fewer violations of a widely used evolutionary constraint and better agreement to the observed mutational frequencies. Using our phylogeny constrained mutation clustering algorithm, we also find mutation clusters with lower distortion compared to state-of-the-art approaches. Finally, we show that on two patient-derived colorectal cancer models, fastBE infers mutation phylogenies with less violation of a widely used evolutionary constraint compared to existing methods.
Cost-effectiveness of vector control for supplementing mass drug administration for eliminating lymphatic filariasis in India
Authors: Shepard Donald S. , Lwin Aung K. , Pulikkottil Sunish I. , Kalimuthu Mariapillai , Arunachalam Natarajan , Tyagi Brij K. , White Graham B. 
Published: December 2024

Background/Methodology
Despite progress using mass drug administration (MDA), lymphatic filariasis (LF) remains a major public health issue in India. Vector control could potentially augment MDA towards LF elimination. We conducted a cost-effectiveness analysis of MDA alone and MDA together with vector control single (VCS) modality or vector control integrated (VCI) modalities. Data came from historical controls and a three-arm cluster randomized trial of 36 villages at risk of LF transmission in Tamil Nadu, India. The arms were: MDA alone (the standard of care); MDA plus VCS (expanded polystyrene beads covering the water surface in wells and cesspits to suppress the filariasis vector mosquito Culex quinquefasciatus); and MDA plus VCI (VCS plus insecticidal pyrethroid-impregnated curtains [over windows, doors, and eaves). Economic costs in 2010 US$ combined government and community inputs from household to state levels. Outcomes were controlled microfilaria prevalence (MfP) and antigen prevalence (AgP) to conventional elimination targets (MfP<1% or AgP<2%) from 2010 to 2013, and modeled disability adjusted life years (DALYs) averted.

Principal findings
The estimated annual economic cost per resident was US$0.53 for MDA alone, US$1.02 for VCS, and US$1.83 for VCI. With MDA offered in all arms, all arms reduced LF prevalence substantially from 2010 to 2013. MDA proved highly cost effective at $112 per DALY averted, a very small (8%) share of India’s then per capita Gross Domestic Product. Progress towards elimination was comparable across all three study arms.

Conclusions
The well-functioning MDA program proved effective and very cost-effective for eliminating LF, leaving little scope for further improvement. Supplementary vector control demonstrated no statistically significant additional benefit on MfP or AgP in this trial.
Speech-in-noise, psychosocial, and heart rate variability outcomes of group singing or audiobook club interventions for older adults with unaddressed hearing loss: A SingWell Project multisite, randomized controlled trial, registered report protocol
Authors: Lo Chi Yhun , Zendel Benjamin Rich , Baskent Deniz , Boyle Christian , Coffey Emily , Gagne Nathan , Habibi Assal , Harding Ellie , Keijzer Merel , Kreutz Gunter , Maat Bert , Schurig Eva , Sharma Mridula , Dang Carmen , Gilmore Sean , Henshaw Helen , McKay Colette M. , Good Arla , Russo Frank A. 
Published: December 2024

Background
Unaddressed age-related hearing loss is highly prevalent among older adults, typified by negative consequences for speech-in-noise perception and psychosocial wellbeing. There is promising evidence that group singing may enhance speech-in-noise perception and psychosocial wellbeing. However, there is a lack of robust evidence, primarily due to the literature being based on small sample sizes, single site studies, and a lack of randomized controlled trials. Hence, to address these concerns, this SingWell Project study utilizes an appropriately powered sample size, multisite, randomized controlled trial approach, with a robust preplanned statistical analysis.

Objective
To explore if group singing may improve speech-in-noise perception and psychosocial wellbeing for older adults with unaddressed hearing loss.

Methods
We designed an international, multisite, randomized controlled trial to explore the benefits of group singing for adults aged 60 years and older with unaddressed hearing loss (registered at clinicaltrials.gov, ID: NCT06580847). After undergoing an eligibility screening process and completing an information and consent form, we intend to recruit 210 participants that will be randomly assigned to either group singing or an audiobook club (control group) intervention for a training period of 12-weeks. The study has multiple timepoints for testing, that are broadly categorized as macro (i.e., pre- and post-measures across the 12-weeks), or micro timepoints (i.e., pre- and post-measures across a weekly training session). Macro measures include behavioural measures of speech and music perception, and psychosocial questionnaires. Micro measures include psychosocial questionnaires and heart-rate variability.

Hypotheses
We hypothesize that group singing may be effective at improving speech perception and psychosocial outcomes for adults aged 60 years and older with unaddressed hearing loss—more so than participants in the control group.
The Role of Transnasal Endoscopy in Diet Management of Eosinophilic Esophagitis
Authors: Eid Sabine , Bauer Maureen , Nguyen Nathalie 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT
The diagnosis and monitoring of eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) relies on clinical symptoms and histological examination of the esophageal mucosa. Currently, esophagogastroduodenoscopy with biopsy is the standard of care in the diagnosis and monitoring of EoE. Unsedated transnasal endoscopy (TNE) is a less invasive and less costly procedure that can be performed without general anesthesia. Here, we describe the first case of a 15-year-old adolescent girl who underwent TNE exclusively to identify all food triggers for EoE. She underwent 12 TNEs over a period of 4 years to identify food triggers for EoE to ultimately achieve the remission of her disease.
Pertumbuhan Vegetatif Tanaman Sorgum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) var. Suri 4 Dengan Perlakuan Nanosilika
Authors: Adhi Jonathan Wishnu Suryo , Darmanti Sri , Saptiningsih Endang 
Published: December 2024

Sorgum adalah tanaman famili gramineae yang pada umumnya memerlukan unsur hara Si sebagai unsur beneficial. Kandungan Si di tanah terus berkurang akibat tidak ditambahkan Si dari luar dan tidak ada pengembalian Si dari organ tanaman pada saat panen. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dampak nanosilika terhadap pertumbuhan vegetatif tanaman sorgum dengan perlakuan nanosilika pada dosis yang berbeda. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) satu faktor, yaitu konsentrasi pupuk nanosilika dengan dosis perlakuan : 0 ml/L; 2,5 ml/L; 5 ml/L; 7,5 ml/L; 10 ml/L masing-masing perlakuan dengan 5 ulangan. Data dianalisis menggunakan Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) dan dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) pada taraf kepercayaan 95%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian pupuk nanosilika dengan konsentrasi 2,5 ml/L dapat meningkatkan bobot segar tajuk, bobot kering tajuk, dan luas daun. Dosis 2,5 sampai 7,5 ml/L meningkatkan tinggi tanaman dan dosis 7,5 ml/L sampai 10 ml/L meningkatkan kandungan klorofil a dan klorofil total, namun pemberian pupuk nanosilika tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap kandungan klorofil b, jumlah daun, bobot basah dan kering akar, bobot malai, bobot segar dan kering biji, dan bobot kering 100 biji.Sorghum is a gramineae family plant which generally requires the nutrient Si as a beneficial element. The Si content in the soil continues to decrease due to no addition of Si from outside and no return of Si from plant organs at harvest. The aim of this research is to determine the impact of nanosilica on the vegetative growth of sorghum plants with nanosilica treatment at different doses. The research used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with one factor, namely the concentration of nanosilica fertilizer with a treatment dose of: 0 ml/L; 2.5 ml/L; 5ml/L; 7.5 ml/L; 10 ml/L for each treatment with 5 repetitions. Data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and continued with Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at a confidence level of 95%. The research results showed that applying nanosilica fertilizer with a concentration of 2.5 ml/L could increase fresh shoot weight, shoot dry weight and leaf area. A dose of 2.5 to 7.5 ml/L increases plant height and a dose of 7.5 ml/L to 10 ml/L increases chlorophyll a and total chlorophyll content, but the application of nanosilica fertilizer has no significant effect on chlorophyll b content, number of leaves, wet and dry weight of roots, panicle weight, fresh and dry weight of seeds, and dry weight of 100 seeds
Study on adsorption characteristics of biochars and their modified biochars for removal of organic dyes from aqueous solution
Authors: Zhang Xiaojuan , Cheng Wenwen , Wang Jialu , Lei Yanhui , Yang Xueqin , Duan Quan , Duan Wenfeng , Zhang Yutao 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
To address organic dye pollution and agricultural waste comprehensive utilization, the biochar (ZB) was prepared using Rosa roxburghii residue as the material for preparation. Three modified biochars (ZBO, ZBS, and ZBH) were created using NaOH, Na2S, and H3PO4 as modifying agents. The morphology, structure, pore size, and elemental composition of biochars were characterized and analyzed by a combination of FTIR, SEM-EDS, and N2 adsorption–desorption techniques. Furthermore, the adsorption performance of the as-prepared biochars was investigated in the adsorption of RhB and MB dye process. The experimental findings showed that adsorption equilibrium for these dyes was achieved in 180 min. Moreover, the dye adsorption on biochars followed a pseudo-second-order kinetic equation. For the biochar (ZB), the Langmuir equation proved to be more appropriate than the Freundlich equation. In contrast, the Freundlich equation was more apt for the modified biochars. More importantly, Pearson's correlation analysis revealed that the adsorption rate and capacity of RhB positively correlated with the specific pore volume, t-plot micropore area, and BET surface area, but a negative one with the pore size. The MB adsorption showed the opposite correlations. This study reveals a novel biochar for adsorbing organic dyes, which provides a strategy for the treatment of Rosa roxburghii residue.
Carnosic acid prevents heat stress-induced oxidative damage by regulating heat-shock proteins and apoptotic proteins in mouse testis
Authors: Liu Sirui , Jiaxin Wu  , Liang Wanqing , Liu Yinkun , Wan Shuangshuang , Tang Shu 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Heat stress impacts male reproduction in animal husbandry. Carnosic acid (CA), a potent antioxidant, mitigates oxidative stress and apoptosis. αB-crystallin, a small heat shock protein, regulates apoptosis and oxidative stress. This study examines the protective effects of CA on the testis in wild-type and αB-crystallin knockout mice under heat stress. CA pretreatment increased testosterone levels and preserved testicular structure in wild-type mice, but no changes in knockout mice. CA reduced Hsp27, Hsp70, and cleaved caspase-3 levels, while knockout mice showed increased cleaved caspase-3. These results suggest that CA protects the testis by modulating heat shock and apoptosis-related proteins.
Discursive news values analysis: the case of Liz Truss’ representation in the British press
Authors: Di Silvestro Ester , Venuti Marco 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This paper focuses on the news representation of Liz Truss by the British press, starting from the identification of news values. In addition, our analysis investigates the portrayal of Truss as a gendered social actor. The data were retrieved online through the resource LexisNexis – using the keyword “Truss” in headlines and lead paragraphs in both British broadsheets and tabloids – during three crucial days: 10 July 2022, the day Truss announced her candidacy for the leadership of the Conservative Party and as Prime Minister, 5 September 2022, when she became leader of the Conservative Party and consequently the new Prime Minister, and 20 October 2022, the day she announced her resignation as leader of the Conservative Party and Prime Minister. These data were analysed combining Bednarek’s and Caple’s Discursive News Values Analysis (DNVA) and Multimodal Critical Discourse Analysis (MCDA). Our findings identify the most frequent news values employed by British national newspapers in Truss’ portrayal during the selected timespans and highlight the connection between those values and her gendered representation.
Steering a Restrictive Course: Rebooting China’s Charity Law
Authors: Sidel Mark 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
When it comes to regulating nonprofits and civil society, China is steering a careful and conservative course in the Xi Jinping era, with a laser-like focus on control over civil society. This policy is illustrated clearly in the long-awaited 2023 amendments to the main law that governs the Chinese nonprofit sector, the Charity Law originally enacted in 2016. This article analyzes the key amendments to the Charity Law in 2023, with a focus on implications for charity regulation and management in China.
Photon balance in the fiber laser model
Authors: Barmenkov Yuri , Minguela-Gallardo Josué A. , Muniz-Cánovas Pablo , Aboites Vicente 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
In this article, we present the results of the numerical study related to the balance of photons in a fiber laser simulated by the traveling wave model (TWM). This study is essential since the balance of photons is closely related to the fundamental physical law of conservation of energy. For generality, we consider that active ions of the gain fiber present excited state absorption at both the laser and pump wavelengths and the fiber background loss. We compare the results of simulation based on the TWM, in which the radial distributions of the populations of the energy levels of the active ions are accounted for, with those obtained when these distributions are omitted. We show that, in the first case, the balance of photons is wholly preserved, while in the second case, the balance of photons is disturbed by tens of percent. The physics behind this result is discussed.
The effect of social exclusion on pain perception and heart rate variability in healthy controls and somatoform pain patients
Authors: Kleber Fabrice , Reif Andreas , de Greck Moritz 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Objectives
The overlapping neural networks of social and physical pain have been investigated intensively in recent years. It was postulated that triggering social pain might result in greater physical pain. Nonetheless, how this affects somatoform pain disorder has not yet been considered. Since an increased pain processing activity is reported in these patients, the investigation of social exclusion and its effect on this group seems interesting. Hence, the aim of this study was to compare the influence of social exclusion on healthy controls and patients with somatoform pain disorder.

Methods
Nineteen patients with somatoform pain disorder and 19 healthy controls were examined. Cyberball, a virtual ball-tossing paradigm, was used to experimentally induce social exclusion and inclusion. To measure effects on pain perception, pressure pain thresholds and heart rate variability (HRV) were recorded after each round of cyberball. Demographic data, pain medication, and potential psychosocial moderators were collected by questionnaires.

Results
After social exclusion, pressure pain thresholds were significantly reduced in healthy controls (p < 0.01) as well as somatoform pain patients (p < 0.05), while HRV increased only in patients with somatoform pain disorder (p < 0.05) indicating increased parasympathetic activity.

Conclusion
This study is the first to analyse the effects of social exclusion on pain perception in somatoform pain disorder. While the reduction in pressure pain thresholds is in line with the social pain literature, the effects on HRV could be interpreted as a form of pain regulation mechanism. However, further research is needed to investigate the role of parasympathetic activity in socially excluded somatoform pain patients.