bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
rGO Functionalized with a Highly Electronegative Keplerate‐Type Polyoxometalate for High‐Energy‐Density Aqueous Asymmetric Supercapacitors
Authors: Dong Yina , Chen Li , Chen Weilin , Zheng Xiaotao , Wang Xinlong , Wang Enbo 
Published: August 2018

AbstractKeplerate‐type polyoxometalates represent a large series of high nuclear molecular clusters; for example, (NH4)42[MoVI72MoV60O372(CH3COO)30(H2O)72] ({Mo132}) is a kind of spherical heteropoly blue with a large overall negative charge and an electron density and topological structure similar to C60. {Mo132} is a good bifunctional material that can be used as an electron acceptor or donor, which is advantageous to accelerate electron transmission in supercapacitors. Herein, a nanocomposite of rGO functionalized with a Keplerate‐type polyoxometalate {Mo132} was prepared by a facile chemical reduction method and used to construct supercapacitors for the first time. The electrochemical performance of the supercapacitors can be significantly improved due to the excellent redox properties, high electronegativity, and hollow porous structures of {Mo132}, in addition to the outstanding conductivity of rGO. The {Mo132}‐rGO nanocomposite electrode exhibited an excellent gravimetric specific capacitance of 617.3 F g−1 at a current density of 5 A g−1 in 1 m Li2SO4 electrolyte. An aqueous asymmetric supercapacitor with a voltage range of 2.1 V, with the {Mo132}‐rGO nanocomposite as the negative electrode and modified activated carbon as the positive electrode, exhibited a high energy density of 31.6 Wh kg−1 with a power density of 207.7 W kg−1 and favorable cycling stability.
Composite Adaptive Control of Uncertain Euler‐Lagrange Systems with Parameter Convergence without PE Condition
Authors: Basu Roy Sayan , Bhasin Shubhendu , Kar Indra Narayan 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThis work proposes a novel composite adaptive controller for uncertain Euler‐Lagrange (EL) systems. The composite adaptive law is strategically designed to be proportional to the parameter estimation error in addition to the tracking error, leading to parameter convergence. Unlike conventional adaptive control laws which require the regressor function to be persistently exciting (PE) for parameter convergence, the proposed method guarantees parameter convergence from a milder initially exciting (IE) condition on the regressor. The IE condition is significantly less restrictive than PE, since it does not rely on the future values of the signal and that it can be verified online. The proposed adaptive controller ensures exponential convergence of the tracking and the parameter estimation errors to zero once the sufficient IE condition is met. Simulation results corroborate the efficacy of the proposed technique and also establishes it's robustness property in the presence of unmodeled bounded disturbance.
Sliding Mode Observer Controller Design for a Two Dimensional Aeroelastic System with Gust Load
Authors: Yuan Jiaxin , Qiu Zhan , Wang Fuxin 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe aim of this paper is to develop state estimation and sliding mode control schemes for the vibration suppression of an underactuated wing aeroelastic system in the presence of a gust load disturbance. Ignoring structural elastic deformation and using the concentrated elastic system (spring) to simulate the overall elastic deformation, this aeroelastic model consists of a straight wing and spring system, describing flap and pitch freedoms. The corresponding dynamic motion equation is established using the Lagrange method, and the gust is modeled as a typical “1‐cosine” gust. The aerodynamic lift and moment on the wing are computed by strip theory. The open loop system exhibits the limit cycle oscillations (LCOs) at a certain freestream velocity. The objective is to design a control system for suppressing the LCOs. For the purpose of control, a single trailing‐edge control surface is used. It is assumed that only the pitch angle is measured and the remaining state variables needed for full state feedback are estimated by the designed observer. Then an integral sliding surface is put forward on the estimation space; a new continuous reaching law is proposed to reduce the chattering phenomena. The finite‐time reachability of the predesigned sliding surface is proved and guaranteed by the designed sliding mode control law. The sufficient condition for the asymptotic stability of the closed‐loop system composed of the sliding mode dynamics and the error dynamical system is derived in terms of linear matrix inequality (LMI). The effectiveness of the proposed strategy is finally demonstrated by simulation results.
Iterative Learning Control for a Class of Fractional Order Distributed Parameter Systems
Authors: Lan Yong‐Hong , Liu Li , Luo Yi‐Ping 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThis paper concerns a second‐order P‐type iterative learning control (ILC) scheme for a class of fractional order linear distributed parameter systems. First, by analyzing of the control and learning processes, a discrete system for P‐type ILC is established and the ILC design problem is then converted to a stability problem for such a discrete system. Next, a sufficient condition for the convergence of the control input and the tracking errors is obtained by using generalized Gronwall inequality, which is less conservative than the existing one. By incorporating the convergent condition obtained into the original system, the ILC scheme is derived. Finally, the validity of the proposed method is verified by a numerical example.
Functional brain network centrality is related to APOE genotype in cognitively normal elderly
Authors: Wink Alle Meije , Tijms Betty M. , ten Kate Mara , Raspor Eva , de Munck Jan C. , Altena Ellemarije , Ecay‐Torres Mirian , Clerigue Montserrat , Estanga Ainara , Garcia‐Sebastian Maite , Izagirre Andrea , Martinez‐Lage Alvarez Pablo , Villanua Jorge , Barkhof Frederik , Sanz‐Arigita Ernesto 
Published: August 2018

AbstractIntroductionAmyloid plaque deposition in the brain is an early pathological change in Alzheimer's disease (AD), causing disrupted synaptic connections. Brain network disruptions in AD have been demonstrated with eigenvector centrality (EC), a measure that identifies central regions within networks. Carrying an apolipoprotein (APOE)‐ε4 allele is a genetic risk for AD, associated with increased amyloid deposition. We studied whether APOE‐ε4 carriership is associated with EC disruptions in cognitively normal individuals.MethodsA total of 261 healthy middle‐aged to older adults (mean age 56.6 years) were divided into high‐risk (APOE‐ε4 carriers) and low‐risk (noncarriers) groups. EC was computed from resting‐state functional MRI data. Clusters of between‐group differences were assessed with a permutation‐based method. Correlations between cluster mean EC with brain volume, CSF biomarkers, and psychological test scores were assessed.ResultsDecreased EC in the visual cortex was associated with APOE‐ε4 carriership, a genetic risk factor for AD. EC differences were correlated with age, CSF amyloid levels, and scores on the trail‐making and 15‐object recognition tests.ConclusionOur findings suggest that the APOE‐ε4 genotype affects brain connectivity in regions previously found to be abnormal in AD as a sign of very early disease‐related pathology. These differences were too subtle in healthy elderly to use EC for single‐subject prediction of APOE genotype.
Computed tomography provides enhanced techniques for longitudinal monitoring of progressive intracranial volume loss associated with regional neurodegeneration in ovine neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses
Authors: Russell Katharina N. , Mitchell Nadia L. , Anderson Nigel G. , Bunt Craig R. , Wellby Martin P. , Melzer Tracy R. , Barrell Graham K. , Palmer David N. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractIntroductionThe neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses (NCLs; Batten disease) are a group of fatal neurodegenerative lysosomal storage diseases of children caused by various mutations in a range of genes. Forms associated with mutations in two of these, CLN5 and CLN6, are being investigated in well‐established sheep models. Brain atrophy leading to psychomotor degeneration is among the defining features, as is regional progressive ossification of the inner cranium. Ongoing viral‐mediated gene therapy trials in these sheep are yielding encouraging results. In vivo assessment of brain atrophy is integral to the longitudinal monitoring of individual animals and provides robust data for translation to treatments for humans.MethodsComputed tomography (CT)‐based three‐dimensional reconstruction of the intracranial volume (ICV) over time reflects the progression of cortical brain atrophy, verifying the use of ICV measurements as a surrogate measure for brain size in ovine NCL.ResultsICVs of NCL‐affected sheep increase for the first few months, but then decline progressively between 5 and 13 months in CLN5−/− sheep and 11–15 months in CLN6−/− sheep. Cerebral ventricular volumes are also increased in affected animals. To facilitate ICV measures, the radiodensities of ovine brain tissue and cerebrospinal fluid were identified. Ovine brain tissue exhibited a Hounsfield unit (HU) range of (24; 56) and cerebrospinal fluid a HU range of (−12; 23).ConclusionsComputed tomography scanning and reconstruction verify that brain atrophy ovine CLN5 NCL originates in the occipital lobes with subsequent propagation throughout the whole cortex and these regional differences are reflected in the ICV loss.
Slit‐Window Technique: An Innovation That Simplifies Lateral Sinus Floor Elevation
Authors: Ranaan Justin , Bassir Seyed Hossein , Maksoud Mohamed , Guze Kevin 
Published: August 2018

IntroductionImplant placement in an atrophic posterior maxilla is challenging due to sinus pneumatization and presence of insufficient bone volume. Sinus floor elevation (SFE) is a feasible approach to increase the available alveolar bone dimensions. It is known that the maxillary sinus has a potential for healing and bone formation without the need of bone grafts or bone substitutes. However, current graft‐free sinus SFE approaches are technique sensitive and non‐reliable in consistent bone formation. This paper introduces the slit‐window technique as a novel and simple technique to perform graft‐free sinus floor elevation.Case PresentationA 66‐year‐old male presented with edentulous regions in the posterior maxilla and bilateral sinus pneumatization. The treatment included SFE using the graft‐free slit‐window technique on the right site and traditional lateral SFE with bone augmentation on the left site. Two implants were placed simultaneously during sinus lift procedures in each side. The slit‐window technique was performed using a rigid barrier membrane in conjunction with stabilizing bony slits to tent the Schneiderian membrane superiorly. Healing was uneventful for implants in both sides. Six months postoperatively, the amount of bone formation in the non‐grafted site was comparable to that of the grafted site.ConclusionSlit‐window sinus floor elevation procedure is a simple technique to elevate the floor of the sinus without the need for bone grafting.
Er,Cr:YSGG Laser Debridement of an Infected Socket for Immediate Implant Placement: A Case Report
Authors: Waasdorp Jonathan A. 
Published: August 2018

IntroductionImmediate implants offer several advantages for patients, and evidence suggests they can be performed in sites with apical infection following thorough debridement. This report demonstrates the successful use of a unique erbium chromium‐doped:yttrium scandium gallium, and garnet (Er,Cr:YSGG) laser tip to degranulate a deep apical infection otherwise inaccessible to traditional instruments prior to implant placement.Case PresentationOne case is presented where a failing mandibular left incisor with a deep peri‐apical infection was replaced with an immediate dental implant. Following removal of the tooth and debridement with conventional instruments, the socket was Er,Cr:YSGG laser‐ablated with a 26‐mm long radial firing tip. The granulation tissue was removed on the laser tip, and an immediate implant was placed which was successfully restored.ConclusionsThis report demonstrates a technique using an Er,Cr:YSGG laser with radial firing tip for debridement of extraction sites. It is a relevant, useful tool in the armamentarium as the laser energy is directed both apically and laterally. This provides a minimally invasive way to debride the site that does not entail osseous removal.
Minimally Invasive Pouch Roll Technique to Augment Peri‐Implant Soft Tissue With an 810‐nm Photoablative Diode Laser: Report of Three Cases
Authors: Giannelli Marco , Lorenzini Luca , Bani Daniele 
Published: August 2018

IntroductionSecond‐stage surgery for dental implant uncovering offers an opportunity to surgically correct ridge deficiencies in esthetic areas, or simply to enhance thickness of the marginal gingiva for a more stable interface with the implant. This case report illustrates an alternative laser‐aided approach to perform peri‐implant soft tissue augmentation by the pouch roll technique.Case PresentationFive implants in three patients with a mild horizontal ridge deficiency and minimal keratinized marginal gingiva were corrected at the time of implant uncovering using a λ 810‐nm photoablative diode laser for atraumatic selective de‐epithelialization and soft tissues incision, featuring minimal surgical trauma and patients’ discomfort.ConclusionWithin the limitation of the small number of patients, the described method for correction of mild buccal ridge deficiencies allowed fast healing, satisfactory clinical and esthetic results, rapid prosthetic restoration and no need for local or systemic analgesics, with obvious advantages for the patients.
Effects of Alternative Redox Partners and Oxidizing Agents on CYP154C8 Catalytic Activity and Product Distribution
Authors: Dangi Bikash , Park Hyun , Oh Tae‐Jin 
Published: August 2018

AbstractCYP154C8 catalyzes the hydroxylation of diverse steroids, as has previously been demonstrated, by using an NADH‐dependent system including putidaredoxin and putidaredoxin reductase as redox partner proteins carrying electrons from NADH. In other reactions, CYP154C8 reconstituted with spinach ferredoxin and NADPH‐dependent ferredoxin reductase displayed catalytic activity different from that of the NADH‐dependent system. The NADPH‐dependent system showed multistep oxidation of progesterone and other substrates including androstenedione, testosterone, and nandrolone. (Diacetoxyiodo)benzene was employed to generate compound I (FeO3+), actively supporting the redox reactions catalyzed by CYP154C8. In addition to 16α‐hydroxylation, progesterone and 11‐oxoprogesterone also underwent hydroxylation at the 6β‐position in reactions supported by (diacetoxyiodo)benzene. CYP154C8 was active in the presence of high concentrations (>10 mm) of H2O2, with optimum conversion surprisingly being achieved at ≈75 mm H2O2. More importantly, H2O2 tolerance by CYP154C8 was evident in the very low heme oxidation rate constant (K) even at high concentrations of H2O2. Our results demonstrate that alternative redox partners and oxidizing agents influence the catalytic efficiency and product distribution of a cytochrome P450 enzyme. More importantly, these choices affected the type and selectivity of reaction catalyzed by the P450 enzyme.
A Conditionally Fluorescent Peptide Reporter of Secondary Structure Modulation
Authors: Johnson Oleta T. , Kaur Tanpreet , Garner Amanda L. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractProteins containing intrinsic disorder often form secondary structure upon interaction with a binding partner. Modulating such structures presents an approach for manipulating the resultant functional outcomes. Translational repressor protein 4E‐BP1 is an example of an intrinsically disordered protein that forms an α‐helix upon binding to its protein ligand, eIF4E. Current biophysical methods for analyzing binding‐induced structural changes are low‐throughput, require large amounts of sample, or are extremely sensitive to signal interference by the ligand itself. Herein, we describe the discovery and development of a conditionally fluorescent 4E‐BP1 peptide that reports structural changes of its helix in high‐throughput format. This reporter peptide is based on conditional quenching of fluorescein by thioamides. In this case, fluorescence signal increases as the peptide becomes more ordered. Conversely, destabilization of the α‐helix results in decreased fluorescence signal. The low concentration and low volume of peptide required make this approach amenable for high‐throughput screening to discover ligands that alter peptide secondary structure.
Ligand‐Driven Conformational Dynamics Influences Selectivity of UbiX
Authors: Żaczek Szymon , Kowalska Justyna , Dybala‐Defratyka Agnieszka 
Published: August 2018

AbstractUp until now, it has remained elusive as to why the flavin prenyltransferase UbiX requires dimethylallyl monophosphate (DMAP) as one of its cosubstrates instead of dimethylallyl pyrophosphate (DMAPP), even though the former is not used in metabolic pathways, while the latter is a common isoprenoid precursor. Herein, mainly on the basis of molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, we demonstrate that the selectivity of UbiX may be governed by its conformational dynamics. The hydrogen‐bonding network of UbiX does not facilitate a proper encompassing of DMAPP. This induces significant conformational changes of the enzyme that result mostly in unreactive trajectories, whereas DMAP remains at a catalytically competent position throughout the performed simulations. Within the presented study, we provide a justification for the atypical selectivity of UbiX.
Ter‐cell, A New Target for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Therapy
Authors: Cen Xiaohong , Cheng Kui 
Published: August 2018

AbstractHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), a malignancy of the liver, has become the second most lethal cause of cancer death globally. Recently, scientists discovered that a splenic erythroblast‐like cell induced by the primary tumor, termed Ter‐cell, promoted HCC progression and metastasis. These findings shed light on the inhibition of Ter‐cell or artemin that can serve as a new therapeutic target for HCC.
Postpartum eruption of enoxaparin‐induced erythema multiforme
Authors: Schadler Eric D. , Joyce Joel C. , Haugen Reshma N. 
Published: August 2018

Key Clinical MessageEnoxaparin is a commonly used hospital medication and in rare instances may result in development of erythema multiforme. Management of these patients can be challenging. Physicians must maintain a high index of suspicion and consider the indication for enoxaparin therapy prior to withdrawal of the medication.
Biocatalyzed C−C Bond Formation for the Production of Alkaloids
Authors: Patil Mahesh D. , Grogan Gideon , Yun Hyungdon 
Published: August 2018

AbstractTraditional methods of chemical synthesis of alkaloids exhibit various problems such as lack of enantioselectivity, the use of toxic chemical and intermediates, and multiple numbers of synthetic steps. Consequently, various enzymatic methods for the formation of C−C bonds in the alkaloid skeleton have been developed. Herein, we report advances achieved in the enzymatic or chemo‐enzymatic synthesis of pharmaceutically important alkaloids that employ three C−C bond forming enzymes: two Pictet‐Spenglerases and the oxidative C−C bond forming flavoenzyme Berberine Bridge Enzyme. Protein engineering studies, improving the substrate scope of these enzymes, and thereby leading to the synthesis of non‐natural alkaloids possessing higher or newer pharmacological activities, are also discussed. Furthermore, the integration of these biocatalysts with other enzymes, in multi‐enzymatic cascades for the enantioselective synthesis of alkaloids, is also reviewed. Current results suggest that these enzymes hold great promise for the generation of C−C bonds in the selective synthesis of alkaloid compounds possessing diverse pharmacological properties.
Synthesis of 2,5‐Disubstituted Pyrrolidine Alkaloids via A One‐Pot Cascade Using Transaminase and Reductive Aminase Biocatalysts
Authors: Costa Bruna Z. , Galman James L. , Slabu Iustina , France Scott P. , Marsaioli Anita J. , Turner Nicholas J. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractA multi‐enzymatic cascade process involving transaminases (TAs) and reductive aminases (RedAms) to produce enantiomerically pure 2,5‐disubstituted pyrrolidine alkaloids from their respective 1,4‐diketones is reported. Several TAs were screened and the best results for diketone monoamination were obtained with an R‐selective TA from Mycobacterium chlorophenicum and with an S‐selective TA from Bacillus megaterium. Pyrroline reduction was best performed by a reductive aminase from Ajellomyces dermatitidis (AdRedAm). Finally, a biocatalytic one‐pot cascade was implemented using the aforementioned enzymes and a variety of 2‐methyl‐5‐alkylpyrrolidines were produced with high (>99 %) conversion, diastereomeric and enantiomeric excess values.
Fluorescent Molecular Rotors for Viscosity Sensors
Authors: Lee Seung‐Chul , Heo Jeongyun , Woo Hee Chul , Lee Ji‐Ah , Seo Young Hun , Lee Chang‐Lyoul , Kim Sehoon , Kwon O‐Pil 
Published: August 2018

AbstractInvited for the cover of this issue is the collaborative work of the groups of O‐Pil Kwon (Ajou University), Chang‐Lyoul Lee (Advanced Photonics Research Institute, APRI/Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, GIST), and Sehoon Kim (Korea Institute of Science and Technology, KIST). The cover image illustrates the viscosity‐sensitive fluorescent behavior of fluorescent molecular rotors (FMRs) in various viscous media. The intensity of the FMRs increases with decreasing speed of the rotor; this is portrayed as the waterwheel in the cover image. When the waterwheel slowly rotates in winter (high viscosity media), FMR—portrayed as the house in the image—shows strong fluorescent‐light illumination (left‐hand side of the image). In contrast, the right‐hand side of image depicts decreasing fluorescence intensity with increasing rotation of the waterwheel (low viscosity media). Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/chem.201801389.
Neuroarchitecture of the dung beetle central complex
Authors: el Jundi Basil , Warrant Eric J. , Pfeiffer Keram , Dacke Marie 
Published: August 2018

AbstractDespite their tiny brains, insects show impressive abilities when navigating over short distances during path integration or during migration over thousands of kilometers across entire continents. Celestial compass cues often play an important role as references during navigation. In contrast to many other insects, South African dung beetles rely exclusively on celestial cues for visual reference during orientation. After finding a dung pile, these animals cut off a piece of dung from the pat, shape it into a ball and roll it away along a straight path until a suitable place for underground consumption is found. To maintain a constant bearing, a brain region in the beetle's brain, called the central complex, is crucially involved in the processing of skylight cues, similar to what has already been shown for path‐integrating and migrating insects. In this study, we characterized the neuroanatomy of the sky‐compass network and the central complex in the dung beetle brain in detail. Using tracer injections, combined with imaging and 3D modeling, we describe the anatomy of the possible sky‐compass network in the central brain. We used a quantitative approach to study the central‐complex network and found that several types of neuron exhibit a highly organized connectivity pattern. The architecture of the sky‐compass network and central complex is similar to that described in insects that perform path integration or are migratory. This suggests that, despite their different orientation behaviors, this neural circuitry for compass orientation is highly conserved among the insects.