bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High‐proline proteins in experimental hazy white wine produced from partially botrytized grapes
Authors: Perutka Zdeněk , Šufeisl Miloslav , Strnad Miroslav , Šebela Marek 
Published: February 2019

AbstractUndesirable effects of the pathogen Botrytis cinerea include reduced quality and quantity of wine grapes. Winemaking is also complicated by the formation of a protein haze in white wines and oxidative browning of red wines. We analyzed proteins in experimental Moravian white wines characterized by their instability and haze formation in bottles during storage despite prior bentonite treatment. To study the relationship of wine proteins and haze, we carried out proteomics on hazy and clear white wines produced with partly or largely botrytized grapes and standard reference wines. Wine proteins were identified after their extraction, electrophoresis, and tryptic digestion by reversed‐phase liquid chromatography of peptides, coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. Plant defense proteins, yeast glycoproteins, and various enzymes from Botrytis, particularly hydrolases, were found. As the content of the known haze‐active thaumatin‐like proteins and chitinases was visually low on stained gels (missing bands) compared to previous studies with unfined wines, other proteins are discussed in terms of the haze formation. As the main novelty, this work reveals the role of high proline‐containing proteins in the propensity of white wines to turbidity following prior Botrytis damage of grapes.
Field‐compatible protocol for detecting tetracyclines with bioluminescent bioreporters without pipetting steps
Authors: Muurinen Johanna , Pasupulate Avinash , Lappalainen Juha , Virta Marko 
Published: February 2019

AbstractWhole‐cell bioreporters are living organisms and thus using them for detecting environmental contaminants would reflect biological effects of these pollutants. However, bioreporters are not widely used in field studies. Many of the bioreporter field protocols are suitable for liquid samples or include pipetting steps, which is a demanding task outside the laboratory. We present a bioreporter protocol without pipetting or sample type requirements. The protocol utilizes polyester swabs, commonly used in cleanroom technology. As an example contaminant, we used tetracycline and generated test samples with known concentrations up to the maximum tetracycline residue limit of milk set by the European Union (EU) regulation. The matrices of the test samples were Milli‐Q water, milk and soil. The swabs were first dipped in the bioreporter cell cultures and then to test samples and luminescence was measured after incubation. The standard deviation of measurements from ten replicate swabs was in the same range as commonly in pipetting protocols (4–19%). The test samples with lowest tetracycline concentration (5 ng mL−1) were distinguished from the control samples (0 ng mL−1 tetracycline). Our results show that swabs can be used together with luminescent whole cell bioreporters, making it possible to conduct the measurements in field conditions.
A novel splice site mutation in AP1S2 gene for X‐linked mental retardation in a Chinese pedigree and literature review
Authors: Huo Liang , Teng Ziteng , Wang Hua , Liu Xueyan 
Published: February 2019

AbstractBackgroundPettigrew syndrome (PGS) is a rare X‐linked mental retardation that caused by AP1S2 mutation. The pathogenesis of AP1S2 deficiency has remained elusive. The purpose of this study is to give a comprehensive overview of the phenotypic and genetic spectrum of AP1S2 mutations.MethodsThis study systematically analyzed clinical features and genetic information of a Chinese family with AP1S2 variation, and reviewed previously reported literatures with the same gene variation.ResultsWe identified a new c.1‐1 G>C mutation in AP1S2 gene from a four generation family with seven affected individuals and found the elevated neuron‐specific enolase (NSE) in a patient. We summarized the clinical manifestation of 59 patients with AP1S2 mutation. We found that pathogenic point mutations affecting AP1S2 are associated with dysmorphic features and neurodevelopmental problems, which included highly variable mental retardation (MR), delayed in walking, abnormal speech, hypotonia, abnormal brain, abnormal behavior including aggressive behavior, ASD, self‐abusive, and abnormal gait. Patients with splice site mutation were more likely to lead to seizures. By contrast, patients with nonsense mutations are more susceptible to microcephaly.ConclusionOur findings suggest AP1S2 mutations contribute to a broad spectrum of neurodevelopmental disorders and are important in the etiological spectrum of PGS.
Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic Activities of Lepidium latifolium L. Hydrodistillate, Extract and Its Major Sulfur Volatile Allyl Isothiocyanate
Authors: Blažević Ivica , Đulović Azra , Maravić Ana , Čikeš Čulić Vedrana , Montaut Sabine , Rollin Patrick 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe cultivated Lepidium latifolium L. was investigated to decipher its glucosinolate profile, antimicrobial, and cytotoxic activities. HPLC/ESI‐MS analyses of the intact glucosinolates and GC/MS analysis of their hydrolysis products showed the presence of sinigrin (1), glucocochlearin (2), glucotropaeolin (3), and 4‐methoxyglucobrassicin (4). Hydrodistillate, extract, and allyl isothiocyanate, the main volatile resulting from sinigrin degradation, showed antimicrobial activity against all eleven tested pathogenic and food spoilage bacteria and fungi, with highest effect observed against Candida albicans with MIC50 8 and 16 μg/mL. Hydrodistillate and extract showed the best cytotoxic activity on bladder cancer UM‐UC‐3 cell line during an incubation time of 24 h (IC50 192.9 and 133.8 μg/mL, respectively), while the best effect on glioblastoma LN229 cell line was observed after 48 h (IC50 110.8 and 30.9 μg/mL, respectively). Pure allyl isothiocyanate displayed a similar trend in cytotoxic effect on both cell lines (IC50 23.3 and 36.5 μg/mL after 24 h and 48 h, respectively).
Pentafluorophenyl Substitution of Natural Di(indol‐3‐yl)methane Strongly Enhances Growth Inhibition and Apoptosis Induction in Various Cancer Cell Lines
Authors: Ahmad Aamir , Dandawate Prasad , Schruefer Sebastian , Padhye Subhash , Sarkar Fazlul H. , Schobert Rainer , Biersack Bernhard 
Published: February 2019

AbstractDi(indol‐3‐yl)methane (=3,3′‐methanediyldi(1H‐indole), DIM, 1) is a known weakly antitumoral compound formed by digestion of indole‐3‐carbinol (=1H‐indol‐3‐ylmethanol), an ingredient of various Brassica vegetables. Out of a series of nine fluoroaryl derivatives of 1, three pentafluorophenyl derivatives 2c, 2h, and 2i were identified that exhibited a two to five times greater anti‐proliferative effect and an increased apoptosis induction when compared with 1 in the following carcinoma cell lines: BxPC‐3 pancreas, LNCaP prostate, C4‐2B prostate, PC3 prostate and the triple‐negative MDA‐MB‐231 breast carcinoma. Compound 2h was particularly efficacious against androgen‐refractory C4‐2B prostate cancer cells (IC50=6.4 μm) and 2i against androgen‐responsive LNCaP cells (IC50=6.2 μm). In addition, 2c and 2h exhibited distinct activity in three cancer cell lines resistant to 1.
Supramolecular Crowding Can Avoid Oxygen Quenching of Photon Upconversion in Water
Authors: Kouno Hironori , Sasaki Yoichi , Yanai Nobuhiro , Kimizuka Nobuo 
Published: February 2019

AbstractA common challenge in chemistry that deals with photoexcited states is to avoid oxygen quenching. This is crucial for hot research fields such as photon upconversion (UC), in which oxygen‐sensitive triplet excited states play pivotal roles. However, methods to avoid oxygen quenching in aqueous media are far more limited despite eagerly anticipated catalytic and biological applications. This work introduces a simple strategy to achieve air‐stable triplet–triplet annihilation (TTA)‐based UC in water, namely, supramolecular crowding. Amphiphilic cationic acceptor molecules and anions with long alkyl chains co‐assemble in water in which hydrophobic donor molecules are molecularly dispersed. Despite the common notion that oxygen molecules diffuse readily across hydrophobic domains in water, more than 80 % of the TTA‐UC emission of the obtained hydrophobic co‐assemblies is maintained in air‐saturated water. This work demonstrates the new promising potential of supramolecular chemistry for photophysical and photochemical functions with oxygen‐sensitive species.
NiII‐ATCUN‐Catalyzed Tyrosine Nitration in the Presence of Nitrite and Sulfite
Authors: Maiti Biplab K. , Maia Luisa B. , Moura Isabel , Moura José J. G. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe nitration of tyrosine residues in proteins represents a specific footprint of the formation of reactive nitrogen species (RNS) in vivo. Here, the fusion product of orange protein (ATCUN‐ORP) was used as an in vitro model system containing an amino terminal Cu(II)‐ and Ni(II)‐binding motif (ATCUN) tag at the N‐terminus and a native tyrosine residue in the metal‐cofactor‐binding region for the formation of 3‐NO2‐Tyr (3‐NT). It is shown that NiII‐ATCUN unusually performs nitration of tyrosine at physiological pH in the presence of the NO2−/SO32−/O2 system, which is revealed by a characteristic absorbance band at 430 nm in basic medium and 350 nm in acidic medium (fingerprint of 3‐NT). Kinetics studies showed that the formation of 3‐NT depends on sulfite concentration over nitrite concentration suggesting key intermediate products, identified as oxysulfur radicals, which are detected by spin‐trap EPR study by using 5,5‐dimethyl‐1‐pyrroline‐N‐oxide (DMPO). This study describes a new route in the formation of 3‐NT, which is proposed to be linked with the sulfur metabolism pathway associated with the progression of disease occurrence in vivo.
Exploring the Role of Coinage Metalates in Trifluoromethylation: A Combined Experimental and Theoretical Study
Authors: Martínez de Salinas Sara , Mudarra Ángel L. , Odena Carlota , Martínez Belmonte Marta , Benet‐Buchholz Jordi , Maseras Feliu , Pérez‐Temprano Mónica H. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractDespite the known nucleophilic nature of [M(CF3)2]− (M=Cu, Ag, Au) complexes, their participation in trifluoromethylation reactions of aryl halides remains unexplored. Here, for the first time, selective access to a [Cu(CF3)2]− species is reported, which is ubiquitous in Cu‐mediated trifluoromethylations, and we rationalize its complex mechanistic scenario as well as its behavior compared to its silver and gold congeners through a combination of experimental and computational approaches.
Review of fluid‐solid reaction analysis—Part 3: Complex fluid‐solid reactions
Authors: Sohn Hong Yong 
Published: February 2019

AbstractIn this Part 3 of the series, we discuss work done on the rates of complex fluid‐solid reactions. It is shown that many of the complex systems can be analyzed by recognizing the component single fluid‐solid reactions. The overall reaction system is then quantitatively described by combining the mathematical relationships for the component single reactions discussed in Parts 1 and 2.[1,2] In many cases, Sohn's law of additive reaction times discussed in Part 2 is shown to provide a useful means of simplifying the quantitative description of the complex fluid‐solid reactions.[2]
On Concavity of the Monopolist's Problem Facing Consumers with Nonlinear Price Preferences
Authors: McCann Robert J. , Zhang Kelvin Shuangjian 
Published: February 2019

AbstractA monopolist wishes to maximize her profits by finding an optimal price policy. After she announces a menu of products and prices, each agentxwill choose to buy that producty(x) which maximizes his own utility, if positive. The principal's profits are the sum of the net earnings produced by each product sold. These are determined by the costs of production and the distribution of products sold, which in turn are based on the distribution of anonymous agents and the choices they make in response to the principal's price menu. In this paper, we provide a necessary and sufficient condition for the convexity or concavity of the principal's (bilevel) optimization problem, assuming each agent's disutility is a strictly increasing but not necessarily affine (i.e., quasilinear) function of the price paid. Concavity, when present, makes the problem more amenable to computational and theoretical analysis; it is key to obtaining uniqueness and stability results for the principal's strategy in particular. Even in the quasilinear case, our analysis goes beyond previous work by addressing convexity as well as concavity, by establishing conditions which are not only sufficient but necessary, and by requiring fewer hypotheses on the agents' preferences. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A real‐time traffic index model for expressways
Authors: Xu Fusheng , Huang Zhongxiang , Dai Hao , Zhu Xueying , Wu Hongwei , Zhang Jun 
Published: February 2019

SummaryIn this paper, a real‐time traffic index model of expressways is proposed by using a traffic index to evaluate the actual conditions of expressways. The model considers the actual situation of floating and nonfloating vehicles on expressways, in the context of massive floating car data. Included is the realization of the complete calculation model of real‐time traffic index estimation, including highway section division, spatial topology map matching, driving route calculation, and road congestion status judgment. For roads without floating car coverage, the weighted‐moving‐average time‐series prediction method is used to predict the traffic index, so that the running condition of all roads in the network can be analyzed completely. The simulation results show that the proposed highway traffic index can reflect not only the overall high‐speed operation but also real‐time congestion at specific high‐speed or specific highway intervals, providing an effective reference for travel.
Interactions among morphotype, nutrition, and temperature impact fitness of an invasive fly
Authors: Rendon Dalila , Walton Vaughn , Tait Gabriella , Buser Jessica , Lemos Souza Ivana , Wallingford Anna , Loeb Greg , Lee Jana 
Published: February 2019

AbstractInvasive animals depend on finding a balanced nutritional intake to colonize, survive, and reproduce in new environments. This can be especially challenging during situations of fluctuating cold temperatures and food scarcity, but phenotypic plasticity may offer an adaptive advantage during these periods. We examined how lifespan, fecundity, pre‐oviposition periods, and body nutrient contents were affected by dietary protein and carbohydrate (P:C) ratios at variable low temperatures in two morphs (winter morphs WM and summer morphs SM) of an invasive fly, Drosophila suzukii. The experimental conditions simulated early spring after overwintering and autumn, crucial periods for survival. At lower temperatures, post‐overwintering WM lived longer on carbohydrate‐only diets and had higher fecundity on low‐protein diets, but there was no difference in lifespan or fecundity among diets for SM. As temperatures increased, low‐protein diets resulted in higher fecundity without compromising lifespan, while high‐protein diets reduced lifespan and fecundity for both WM and SM. Both SM and WM receiving high‐protein diets had lower sugar, lipid, and glycogen (but similar protein) body contents compared to flies receiving low‐protein and carbohydrate‐only diets. This suggests that flies spend energy excreting excess dietary protein, thereby affecting lifespan and fecundity. Despite having to recover from nutrient depletion after an overwintering period, WM exhibited longer lifespan and higher fecundity than SM in favorable diets and temperatures. WM exposed to favorable low‐protein diet had higher body sugar, lipid, and protein body contents than SM, which is possibly linked to better performance. Although protein is essential for oogenesis, WM and SM flies receiving low‐protein diets did not have shorter pre‐oviposition periods compared to flies on carbohydrate‐only diets. Finding adequate carbohydrate sources to compensate protein intake is essential for the successful persistence of D. suzukii WM and SM populations during suboptimal temperatures.
Behavior‐specific habitat selection by African lions may promote their persistence in a human‐dominated landscape
Authors: Suraci Justin P. , Frank Laurence G. , Oriol‐Cotterill Alayne , Ekwanga Steve , Williams Terrie M. , Wilmers Christopher C. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractCo‐occurrence with humans presents substantial risks for large carnivores, yet human‐dominated landscapes are increasingly crucial to carnivore conservation as human land use continues to encroach on wildlife habitat. Flexibility in large carnivore behavior may be a primary factor mediating coexistence with people, allowing carnivores to calibrate their activity and habitat use to the perceived level of human risk. However, our understanding of how large carnivores adjust the timing and location of behaviors in response to variations in human activity across the landscape remains limited, impacting our ability to identify important habitat for populations outside of protected areas. Here we examine whether African lions (Panthera leo) modify their behavior and habitat use in response to risk of a human encounter, and whether behavior‐specific habitat selection allows lions to access feeding opportunities in a human‐dominated landscape in Kenya. We determined fine‐scale behavioral states for lions using high‐resolution GPS and accelerometer data, and then investigated behavior‐specific habitat selection at multiple temporal and spatial scales (ranging from 15 minutes to 12 hours and from approximately 200 meters to several kilometers). We found that lions exhibit substantial differences in habitat selection with respect to humans based on behavioral state and time of day. During the day, when risk of human encounter is highest, lions avoided areas of high human use when resting, meandering, and feeding. However, lions specifically selected for habitat near people when feeding at night. Flexible habitat use by lions thus permits access to prey, which appear to concentrate in areas near humans. The importance of habitat near people for feeding was only apparent when analyses explicitly accounted for lion behavioral state and spatiotemporal scale, highlighting the necessity of incorporating such information when investigating human impacts on large carnivore habitat use. Our results support the contention that behavior‐specific habitat selection promotes carnivore persistence in human‐dominated landscapes, demonstrating the importance of considering not just whether but how large carnivores use habitat near humans when managing vulnerable populations.
Influences of phosphorus and foliar iron fertilization rate on the quality parameters of whole wheat grain
Authors: Shahbazi Feizollah , Nematollahi Ameneh 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe objective of this research was to study the effects of phosphorous and foliar iron fertilizations rates on the of protein, fiber, and water contents in wheat grains. Treatments of fertilizers included a combination of three foliar iron rates (0, 1.2, and 2 L/ha, Fusion) and four phosphorus rates (0, 75, 150, and 225 kg/ha, P2O5) at three replications. The quality parameters of harvested seeds were measured by the NIR technique. Protein content increased but and fiber and water contents decreased significantly with an increase in the iron and phosphorus fertility rates. As the rates of foliar iron increased from 0 to 2 L/ha the mean values of protein content increased significantly from 13.47% to 15.48%. With increasing the rates of phosphorus from 0 to150 kg/ha, the mean values of protein content increased significantly from 13.56% to 15.53%, however, further increase in phosphorus, causing a decreased trend in the amount of protein. Fiber and water contents of wheat decreased significantly from 13.76% to 11.86% and from 7.36% to 7.28%, respectively, as the phosphorous rate increased from 0 to 225 kg/ha. Those changes were from 13.40% to 12.03% and from 7.57% to 7.21%, respectively, for increasing foliar iron from 0, 1.2, and 2 L/ha. Mathematical relationships composed of phosphorus and iron fertilizers were developed for accurately describing the wheat protein, fiber, and water contents under different fertilization rates.
Imaging in prodromal dementia with Lewy bodies: Where do we stand?
Authors: Durcan Rory , Donaghy Paul , Osborne Curtis , Taylor John‐Paul , Thomas Alan J. 
Published: February 2019

ObjectivesThe aim of this review was to provide an overview of the literature on imaging in prodromal dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB).DesignSystematic PubMed search and literature review.ResultsDiagnostic classification of the prodromal DLB stage remains to be established but is likely to require imaging biomarkers to improve diagnostic accuracy. In subjects with mild cognitive impairment with Lewy body disease (MCI‐LB) (here synonymous with prodromal DLB) and REM sleep behaviour disorder, a high risk condition for future conversion to a synucleinopathy, imaging modalities have assessed early structural brain changes, striatal dopaminergic integrity, metabolic brain, and cerebral perfusion alterations. It remains uncertain whether structural brain imaging can differentiate MCI‐LB from mild cognitive impairment with Alzheimer disease (MCI‐AD), but early right anterior insula thinning has been reported to occur in MCI‐LB compared with MCI‐AD. Dopaminergic deficits have been observed in a substantial proportion of MCI‐LB subjects and have a high specificity for Lewy body disease at the pre‐dementia stage. Cardiac sympathetic denervation, occipital hypometabolism, or hypoperfusion is less studied as this pre‐dementia stage and it remains to be determined whether any imaging abnormalities antedate DLB.ConclusionImaging studies in prodromal DLB are still in their infancy but offer great potential to study early in vivo structural and functional biological alterations. Future work should focus on longitudinal multimodal imaging studies with postmortem validation of diagnosis in order to develop and then validate criteria for prodromal DLB.
Cognitive mapping style relates to posterior–anterior hippocampal volume ratio
Authors: Brunec Iva K. , Robin Jessica , Patai Eva Zita , Ozubko Jason D. , Javadi Amir‐Homayoun , Barense Morgan D. , Spiers Hugo J. , Moscovitch Morris 
Published: February 2019

AbstractAs London taxi drivers acquire “the knowledge” and develop a detailed cognitive map of London, their posterior hippocampi (pHPC) gradually increase in volume, reflecting an increasing pHPC/aHPC volume ratio. In the mnemonic domain, greater pHPC/aHPC volume ratios in young adults have been found to relate to better recollection ability, indicating that the balance between pHPC and aHPC volumes might be reflective of cross‐domain individual differences. Here, we examined participants' self‐reported use of cognitive map‐based navigational strategies in relation to their pHPC/aHPC hippocampal volume ratio. We find that greater reported cognitive map use was related to significantly greater posterior, relative to anterior, hippocampal volume in two separate samples of young adults. Further, greater reported cognitive map usage correlated with better performance on a self‐initiated navigation task. Together, these data help to advance our understanding of differences between aHPC and pHPC and the greater role of pHPC in spatial mapping.
The enumeration of cyclic mutually nearly orthogonal Latin squares
Authors: Demirkale Fatih , Donovan Diane M. , Kokkala Janne I. , Marbach Trent G. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractIn this paper, we study collections of mutually nearly orthogonal Latin squares (MNOLS), which come from a modification of the orthogonality condition for mutually orthogonal Latin squares. In particular, we find the maximum such that there exists a set of cyclic MNOLS of order for , as well as providing a full enumeration of sets and lists of cyclic MNOLS of order under a variety of equivalences with . This resolves in the negative a conjecture that proposed that the maximum for which a set of cyclic MNOLS of order exists is .