bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Research and Organization of Priority Modes in a Network Distributed Computing System with Cloud Service Architecture
Authors: Sadeq Jaafar M. 
Published: July 2019

Purpose of research.The object of the study is a network cloud service built on the basis of a replicated database. Data in distributed computing systems are replicated in order to ensure the reliability of their storage, facilitate access to data as well as to improve the storage system performance. In this regard, the problem of analyzing the effectiveness of processing the queries to replicated databases in a network-based cloud environment, and, in particular, the problem of organizing priority query queues for updating databae copies (update requests) and for searching and reading information in databases (query-requests). The purpose of this work is to study and organize priority modes in a network distributed computing system with cloud service architecture.Methods.The study was conducted on the basis of two types of behavioural patterns: models based on Petri nets to describe and verify the functioning of a distributed computing system with replicated databases represented as a pool of resource units with several units, and models based on the GPSS simulation language for possible evaluation of passage of query time of each type in queues depending on the priority of queries.Results.Based on two simulation methods, the operation of a cloud system with database replicas was analyzed. In this system two distributed cloud computing systems interact: MANET Cloud based on a wireless network and Internet Cloud based on the Internet. These databases together are the basis of the DBaaSoD (Data Bases as a Service on Demand) cloud service (databases as a service organized at user’s query). To study this system the models of two classes were developed. The model based on Petri nets is designed to test the simulated distributed application for proper functioning. The decisions on the mapping of Petri nets on the architecture of computer networks are discussed. The simulation statistical model is used to compare the priority and non-priority maintenance modes of query- and update-requests by the criterion of average passage of time of queries in queues.Conclusion.System models based on Petri nets were tested, which showed their liveness and security, which makes it possible to move from models to building formalized specifications for network applications for network cloud services in distributed computing systems with replicated databases. The study of GPSS-model showed that in the case of priority service of update-requests, the time of passage for them is reduced by about 2 to 4 times compared with query-requests, depending on the intensity of the query-requests. In the non-priority mode, the serving conditions for update-queries deteriorate and the time of passage in the queue for them increases by about 2 to 6 times as compared with query-requests depending on the intensity of the query-requests.
The Study of Buildings' Thermal Mode with the Development of Actions for Power Efficiency Increase (on the Example of "Southwest State University")
Authors: Umerenkov E. V. , Umerenkova E. V. , Semicheva N. E. , Nasonova A. A. , Sazonova A. A. 
Published: July 2019

Purpose of research. The purpose of the study is to carry out an applied research of buildings' thermal mode of Southwest state university on the basis of energy audit results and development of scientific and technical actions of thermal sanitation including search of expedient options of enclosing structures' warming and increase of heat supply system by thermal energy accumulation.Methods. Heat power indicators of research objects and their comparison with standards were defined on the basis of energy audit results. It was done for the research objective achievement. Possible options of bringing thermal resistance of enclosing structures to required values were analysed taking into account minimization of capital expenditure. Inclusion of warmth accumulators on transition phase in the system of heat consumption is offered. It is used for removal of heat superfluous at night from heating system and its rational use for economy consumption of thermal energy. Saved thermal energy is supposed to be used for hot water supply (HWS) in the afternoon. Integration of thermal accumulators allows to smooth unevenness of HWS loadings for decentralized heat supply system. Shutdown of the main source (heat generator) on usage time of accumulated warmth gives positive ecological effect, i.e. provides reduction of greenhouse gases emissions. Ways in efficiency increase of warmth faze changing accumulator of housing type is offered to use.Results. Development of technical actions for ensuring power efficiency and increase in consumer's quality of research objects is a result of the carried-out research.Conclusion. Implementation of developed actions for thermal protection and the use of energy efficient engineering actions allows to achieve the following results: to increase consumer quality of buildings, to bring parameters of an internal microclimate to standards; to prolong service life of enclosing structures considerably, to provide consumption economy of energy resources on heat supply due to decrease in transmission and filtration heat losses and rational heat expenses with the use of thermal storage devices; to reduce the volume of harmful emissions of combustion products due to shutdown of heat source by usage time of accumulated warmth.
Identification of Anchor Inertia Motor Moment of Direct Current and Loading in Experimental Vibration Installation for Chaotic Dynamics Study
Authors: Rubanov V. G. , Bushuev D. A. , Parashchuk E. M. , Trikula A. K. 
Published: July 2019

Purpose of research. The article is devoted to development and approbation of parameters' assessment technique of anchor inertia moments of direct current motor with an independent excitation (DCM IE) and its loadings used in laboratory vibration installation for chaotic dynamics research.Methods. The DCM IE mathematical model and technique description for assessment of anchor inertia moment with loading as a result of parametrical identification on the basis of approximation integrated curve of current runaway and implementation of spectral analysis is described in the article. Joint dynamics modeling of Maxon RE25 electric motor with electric and mechanical part was done in Matlab Simulink system. Mechanical part was constructed in MSC Adams. Technique operability of parametrical identification was checked on the basis of machine experiment results.Results. Structure and general view of information and measuring system of laboratory vibration installation for chaotic dynamics research on the basis of input-output NI USB-6009 module is presented. Dispersal curves and an amplitude range of current received during experiment for definition of anchor inertia moments of Maxon RE25 engine and debalances are analysed. Calculation of anchor inertia moments and debalances are made according to an offered technique. Calculation of relative errors in comparison with passport value is also made.Conclusion. According to the results of carried out parallel experiments it is found out that experiments can be made according to Kokhren's criterion. And the error of DCM anchor inertia moments definition is no larger than 5%. Therefore it can also be used for calculations with sufficient accuracy of debalances inertia moments.
POTENTIAL OF CELLULASE OF CHAETOMIUM GLOBOSUM FOR PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF MICROCRYSTALLINE CELLULOSE FROM WATER HYACINTH (EICHHORNIA CRASSIPES)
Authors: SURYADI HERMAN , INDAH LESTARI YULIANITA PRATIWI , MIRAJUNNISA  , YANUAR ARRY 
Published: July 2019

Objective: This study aimed to increase the yield of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) made from water hyacinth ɑ-cellulose by enzymatic hydrolysis by using purified enzyme and to find it’s characteristics compared to the reference.
Methods: In this research, MCC was prepared from water hyacinth powder through the chemical isolation process of ɑ-cellulose, followed by enzymatic hydrolysis with purified cellulase from Chaetomium globosum. The yield of MCC was improved by using purified enzyme and optimization of temperature, pH, and hydrolysis time. Identification was carried out by using ZnCl and infrared spectrophotometry, followed by characterization of MCC include particle size analysis (PSA) and diffracto­gram pattern (X-Ray Diffraction) compared to reference Avicel PH 101.
Results: Purified enzyme from Chaetomium globosum has high activity with a clear zone area of 45 mm with cellulolytic index 6.5 that almost same as Trichoderma reesei (50 mm), with the cellulase enzyme activity of 6.691 U/ml. The optimum condition was at a temperature of 50⁰C and pH 6.0 with the hydrolysis time of 2 h, which produced 95% yield of MCC. Identification with ZnCl and FTIR spectrum showed positive results, similar to the reference. The results of organoleptic test, particle size analysis, and diffracto­gram pattern (X-Ray Diffraction) showed crystalline characteristic similar to reference (Avicel PH 101).
Conclusion: Enzyme from Chaetomium globosum has a higher activity of cellulase than Trichoderma reesei with MCC obtained was 95%. Based on the comparison of the organoleptic test, particle size analysis, and diffracto­gram pattern, MCC from water hyacinth has a great potential which showed similar characteristic to reference (Avicel pH 101).
ENHANCED ORAL BIOAVAILABILITY OF TENOFOVIR FROM IONOTROPICALLY GELLED MICROBEADS
Authors: VENKATESH DHANDAPANI NAGASAMY , RAO PREETY , RAJESHKUMAR RAMAN 
Published: July 2019

Objective: The main objective of the present investigation was to develop microbeads of tenofovir. Tenofovir, a BCS class III drug has a poor bioavailability of 25%, and it is administered 300 mg once a day. By incorporating the drug into a microparticulate carrier, it is expected that the dissolution profile and the oral bioavailability may be increased.
Methods: Reinforced gellan-chitosan and calcium chloride beads of tenofovir were prepared by ionotropic gelation method employing various different concentrations of gellan, chitosan, calcium chloride and tenofovir. The beads were evaluated for various physico-chemical parameters such as particle size determination, drug entrapment efficiency, swelling studies, infra red spectroscopy study, differential scanning calorimetry, x-ray diffraction analysis, scanning electron microscopy, in vitro drug release study, cytotoxicity study and in vivo oral bioavailability studies.
Results: From the results, it can be concluded that the formulation TB-III exhibited higher drug entrapment efficiency (46.09±0.21), a higher swelling index, sustained drug release for a period of 24 h. The pharmacokinetic profile of the drug from microbeads exhibited an increased oral bioavailability (1.25 times higher than that of pure drug), decreased elimination rate (1.32 times lesser for drug in microbeads) with prolonged elimination half-life (1.32 times higher than pure tenofovir).
Conclusion: Tenofovir loaded microbeads demonstrated as a better delivery system for the modified release of drug and also to navigate the drawbacks associated with the conventional therapy.
A FORMULATION OF ORALLY DISINTEGRATING SECANG (CAESALPINIA SAPPAN L.) TABLETS AS AN ANTIOXIDANT WITH HYDROXYPROPYL CELLULOSE AS A MASKING AGENT
Authors: Mustarichie Resmi , PRIAMBODO DRADJAD 
Published: July 2019

Objective: The objective of this research was to formulate Orally Disintegrating Tablets (ODT) preparations for secang (Caesalpinia sappan L.) wood extract as antioxidants that met the requirements as a pharmaceutical preparation.
Methods: Three ODT formulas were made using the composition of the extract of secang wood, HPC-H, kollidon® CL, Avicel® PH 101, mannitol, acesulfame, magnesium stearate, citric acid, and menthol. The bitter taste of the extract of wood secang was covered with the Hydroxy Propyl Cellulose High Substitution (HPC-H) masking agent. Variations in HPC-H concentration were 4%, 4.5%, and 5%. The evaluation of tablet print mass tested included water content, flow velocity, and resting angle, real density, incompressible density, and compressibility. Evaluation of tablets tested included weight uniformity, uniformity of size, hardness, friability, and disintegration time. The tablet antioxidant activity testing was carried out by the Diphenylpicylhydrazyl (DPPH) method.
Results: The results showed that all ODT formulas of secang wood extract were fulfilling the requirements as a tablet preparation according to Indonesian Pharmacopoeia IV. IC50 values ​​obtained from antioxidant testing on the three ODT formulas for a secang wood extract for formula I was 3.614 ppm, formula II was 3.464 ppm, formula III was 3.173 ppm, and the wood extract was 3.757 ppm.
Conclusion: The results obtained in this research work clearly indicated ODT formulas of secang wood extract fulfilled Indonesian Pharmacopea IV requirement and belong to the category of very strong antioxidants because they have an IC50 value of less than 50 ppm.
THE EFFECT OF DIFFERENT STORAGE TEMPERATURES ON ANTISEPTIC GEL STABILITY CONTAINING GREEN TEA EXTRACT FORMULATED WITH ALOE VERA GEL
Authors: KUSUMA SRI AGUNG FITRI , YUSUF DEFU 
Published: July 2019

Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the stability of antiseptic gel products containing green tea extract combined with aloe vera gel by observing the physical properties and the antibacterial effectivity during storage time with different temperature.
Methods: The gel of Aloe vera were separated from the leaves using a sterile knife. While the dried green tea leaves were extracted using a maceration method. Both of active agents were combined with different concentration and formulated into an antiseptic gel product. The carbopol in a fixed concentration was used as a gelling agent. The antiseptic gel in different formulas (F1-F9) were evaluated for 56 d in different temperature storage of 18 and 25 °C. The physical properties (color, pH and viscosity) were observed and the antibacterial effectivity of each formula was analyzed using the agar diffusion method against Staphylococcus aureus.
Results: As a result, the green tea extract and aloe vera gel were successfully incorporated into the carbopol formulation. Each formula represented a slight difference in the pH and viscosity value of each temperature during the storage time. But statistically, both temperatures did not give a significant difference to the pH and viscosity of each gel product. Therefore, the different effect given by the storage temperature was determined by analyzing the antibacterial effectivity results. The storage temperature of 18 °C gave a significant difference in the diameter of inhibition zones against S. aureus, compared to that of 25 °C. Formula number 9 containing the combination of 5% green tea extract and 6.24% aloe vera gel performed the highest antibacterial effectivity with the optimum storage temperature at 18 °C.
Conclusion: The storage temperatures used in this study gave significant effect to physical properties stability and its antibacterial effectivity.
EXPLORING THE POTENTIAL OF EUDRAGIT FOR DEVELOPMENT OF MICROPARTICLES OF WATER SOLUBLE DRUG USING QUALITY BY DESIGN APPROACH
Authors: SHARMA SHAILESH , SETH NIMRATA 
Published: July 2019

Objective: In the present protocol, employability of polymethacrylate polymer Eudragit RS100 for development of microparticles of water soluble drug with desired values of response variables was investigated by central composite optimization design through application of Design Expert® software (Series DX10).
Methods: The microparticles were developed by emulsion solvent evaporation process employing Eudragit RS100. Two effective independent variables drug: polymer ratio and stirring speed were selected to assess performance prospective of Eudragit on mean particle size, entrapment efficiency, percent yield and drug release in 12 h of microparticles. Thirteen batches generated by software were prepared and subjected to different characterization test parameters obligatory for the evaluation of formulation. Validation of optimization model and Statistical interpretation of results was done using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA)
Results: ANOVA indicated that the independent variables had significant effect on response variables. Optimized formulation demonstrated close agreement amongst experimental and predicted responses with high desirability factor. In vitro drug liberation study for optimized formulation proposed a sustained release of drug from microparticles.
Conclusion: In conclusion, optimization technique was imperative in indicating the efficient applicability of Eudragit RS100 polymer in controlling the drug release of hydrophilic drugs.
AN INNOVATIVE WAY FOR EXTRACTION OF ESSENTIAL OIL COMPONENTS FROM PIMPINELLA ANISUM L. FRUITS
Authors: Boyko Nikolay N. , Pisarev Dmitriy I. , Zhilyakova Elena T. , Malyutina Anastasiya Yu. , Novikov Oleg O. , Kuznietsova Victoria Yu. , Sahaidak-Nikitiuk Rita V. , Blazheyevskiy Mykola Ye. , Shpychak Oleg S. , Sushchuk Natalia A. 
Published: July 2019

Objective: The aim of this article was to test the hypothesis about the possibility for extraction of essential oil components from the plant raw material (PRM) by the example of Pimpinella anisum L. fruits with two different perfluoro organic solvents, Novec 1230 and Novec 7100.
Methods: For the studies, we used Pimpinella anisum L. fruits ground to obtain particle size between 0.1 and 0.5 mm. The study of qualitative and quantitative content of the extracts was carried out by the following method: simple maceration, PRM: extractant ratio 1:10 w/v; and circulation method for extraction using Soxhlet extractor, PRM: extractant ratio 1:5 w/v. Qualitative analysis of extracts was carried out by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) method. Quantitative analysis of trans-anethole in the extracts was carried out by reverse phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP HPLC) method.
Results: The largest yield of anethole was observed for n-hexane, 84±4 %, and for Novec 7100, 81±4 %. In case of Novec 1230 solvent, the yield of anethole was noted to be three times less, 32±2 %. The yield of anethole under the conditions of solvents (Novec 1230 and Novec 7100) circulation method was up to 94±5 % within two hours.
Conclusion: Adequacy of the working hypothesis about the possibility for extraction of essential oil components from Pimpinella anisum L. fruits by two different perfluoro organic solvents, Novec 1230 and Novec 7100, was verified experimentally. In the context of the solvents tested, it was found that the level of fluorination of the solvent’s molecule had a great influence on its extraction properties in regard to anethole and vegetable oil.
STUDIES ON REFINED LIQUISOLID SYSTEM FOR SIMULTANEOUS IMPROVEMENT OF CONTENT UNIFORMITY AND DISSOLUTION PROFILE OF GLIMEPIRIDE
Authors: Dhall Manish , Phaugat Parmita , Nishal Suchitra 
Published: July 2019

Objective: To improve and compare dissolution contour of poorly soluble BCS Class II drug Glimepiride (GLD) by altering it to conventional solid dispersion (CSD), surface solid dispersion (SSD) and refined liquisolid system (RLS).
Methods: The three formulations of GLD namely CSD, SSD and RLS were fabricated using the conventional methods by employing the suitable polymer and solvent system. These formulations were optimized on the basis of powder flow properties, FTIR, DSC and XRD analysis. All the optimized formulations were compared to the marketed formulation for content uniformity and dissolution rate.
Results: The characteristic analysis of all the optimized formulations was obtained in the standard range. The average content uniformity (% age) of Marketed formulation, CSD, SSD and RLS found to be 88.28±0.721, 92.91±0.789, 95.98±0.478, 99.32±0.744 respectively. The in vitro dissolution rate (%age at 30 min time interval) fall in the range 59.78±0.036, 75.78±0.013, 93.11±0.019, 93.99±0.062 and 98.55±0.043 for pure drug, Marketed formulation, CSD, SSD and RLS respectively. All the analytical studies exhibited improved homogeneity/distribution of the drug in RLS.
Conclusion: The RLS formulation presented sheer expansion in the content uniformity and dissolution contour of GLD at a minimal cost.
SUSTAINED RELEASE MICROBEADS OF RITONAVIR: IN VITRO AND IN VIVO EVALUATION
Authors: VENKATESH D. NAGASAMY , KUMAR S. SHASHI , RAJESHKUMAR RAMAN 
Published: July 2019

Objective: The main aim of the present investigation was to develop sustained release microbeads of ritonavir that has a shorter half-life (3-5 h) and requires twice a day administration. These formulations exhibit a sustained release of ritonavir that would expect to improve the therapy, better drug utilization, and patient compliance.
Methods: Gellan-chitosan and calcium chloride reinforced beads of ritonavir were prepared by ionotropic gelation method employing different concentrations of gellan, chitosan, calcium chloride and drug. The prepared beads were evaluated for various physicochemical parameters such as particle size determination, drug entrapment efficiency, swelling studies, infrared spectroscopy study, differential scanning calorimetry, x-ray diffraction analysis, scanning electron microscopy, in vitro drug release study and in vivo bioavailability studies.
Results: From the results, formulation GC-II exhibited higher drug entrapment efficiency (79.65±0.012), higher swelling index, sustained drug release over a period of 24 h, increased oral bioavailability (2.07 times higher than that of pure drug) and decreased elimination rate (2.15 times lesser for ritonavir microbeads) with prolonged elimination half-life (2.15 times more than pure drug) as compared to pure drug.
Conclusion: Ritonavir microbeads have demonstrated as a better delivery system for the sustained release of the drug; which may in turn circumvent the drawbacks associated with the conventional therapy.
DISSOLUTION PERFORMANCE OF MELOXICAM FORMULATIONS UNDER HYDRODYNAMICS OF USP PADDLE APPARATUS AND FLOW-THROUGH CELL METHOD
Authors: MEDINA-LOPEZ OSE RAUL , OROZCO-JUAREZ JOSE ANGEL , HURTADO MARCELA 
Published: July 2019

Objective: To study the in vitro dissolution performance of four generic formulations of the poorly soluble drug meloxicam and the reference under hydrodynamic environments generated by flow-through cell method and USP paddle apparatus (pharmacopeial test).
Methods: Dissolution method was validated according to ICH guidelines. Dissolution profiles were carried out with an automated flow-through cell apparatus (laminar flow at 16 ml/min with 22.6 mm cells) and USP paddle apparatus at 75 rpm. Phosphate buffer pH 7.5 at 37.0±0.5 °C was used as dissolution medium. Spectrophotometric determination of drug at 362 nm was carried out during 30 min. Dissolution profiles were compared with model-dependent and-independent methods.
Results: Practically, all generic formulations showed significant differences with the percentage of drug dissolved at 30 min, mean dissolution time and dissolution efficiency, when USP paddle apparatus was used (*P<0.05), while only two generic formulations were different to reference using flow-through cell method. After adjustment to different mathematical equations, Weibull function was the best model to describe meloxicam dissolution performance and significant differences were found with all drug products when USP paddle apparatus was used, while only one formulation was different with flow-through cell method.
Conclusion: The study reveals the need to look for better dissolution schemes for meloxicam tablets since USP paddle apparatus may not reflect properly the in vitro dissolution performance of meloxicam generic formulations and reference.