bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Developing a water quality index in a tropical reservoir using a measure of multiparameters
Authors: Quevedo-Castro Alberto , Rangel-Peraza Jesús G. , Bandala Erick , Amabilis-Sosa Leonel , Rodríguez-Mata Abraham , Bustos-Terrones Yaneth 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
A water quality index (WQI) for the Adolfo López Mateos Dam (ALMD) was developed based on statistical multiparameter tools assisted with linear programming. ALMD was selected due to its social and economic significance in Sinaloa, the state with the highest agricultural production in Mexico. Twenty-six water-quality parameters were analyzed for four sampling points distributed along the dam during 2012–2017. The data were analyzed using Pearson's correlation matrix, principal components analysis (PCA) and sensitivity analysis (SA). Results indicated that variables explaining spatial and temporal water quality distribution at ALMD were total suspended solids, fecal coliforms, pH, dissolved oxygen, chemical oxygen demand, nitrate nitrogen, organic nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen, total phosphorus, orthophosphates and chlorophyll a. A series of pondering weights (Wi) were obtained from the PCA analysis. Every Wi was multiplied by the probability function of the specific parameter (SIi) to generate the WQIALMD model. The model was applied to address water quality at ALMD which describes the general overall water quality in the dam as ‘good’. Finally, a sensitivity analysis for the model showed that the most sensitive WQI variables were: fecal coliforms, total phosphorus, organic nitrogen, and chlorophyll a.
Effects of river sinuosity on the self-purification capacity of the Shiwuli River, China
Authors: Xiao Chenguang , Chen Jing , Chen Dan , Chen Ruidong 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
This study focused on the correlation between river sinuosity and self-purification capacity, using the Shiwuli River in Hefei, China, as a case. Through field monitoring, the reduction rate of each pollutant per unit length of river reach and its correlation with the corresponding sinuosity were analysed. The results show that river sinuosity has different degrees of positive correlation with the growth rate of dissolved oxygen (DO) and the reduction rates of total nitrogen (TN), ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) and total phosphorus (TP). River sinuosity needs to be above 1.42 to ensure the river's basic self-purification capability. We also discuss the mechanism of river sinuosity on water body self-purification and propose the increase in river sinuosity to improve the river's capacity to purify water from pollutants. This measure could enhance the growth rate of DO, the longitudinal hyporheic exchange flow, and the action time of other basic self-purification factors of the river. This study could help scientific decision-making in river reconstruction planning in the process of urbanization in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River in China.
The IG- file use to Gauge the Apical Diameter in Endodontics: An In Vitro Study
Authors: Amato Massimo , Iandolo Alfredo , Pantaleo Giuseppe , Abtellatif Dina , Simeone Michele , Lizio Angelo , Lo Giudice Roberto , Lo Giudice Giuseppe 
Published: October 2018

Aim:The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of the IG-file, a new instrument designed for apical diameter gauging.Materials and Methods:After shaping with F1 Universal Protaper, 60 roots were randomly divided into two groups and assigned to two operators, One Expert in Endodontics (EO) and One Unexpert (UO).In each sample, after canal curvatures have been detected, the apical diameters were measured with the IG-file and the K-NiTi. The results were compared with the reference value obtained by retrograde apical gauging. The data were statistically analyzed.Results:Among 60 samples, 10% of errors were recorded when the IG-files were used; in the K-NiTi group the incorrect measurements were 70%.In both groups (expert and unexpert) the IG-file measurements were more accurate than the K-NiTi (90vs33 and 90vs26,7). The differences were statistically significant.In curved canals, the difference between measurement rates performed with both instruments was statistically significant (85,7% IG-filevs28,6% K-NiTi) as well as for the samples without curvatures (92,3% IG filevs30,8% NiTi file).In root canals without curvatures overestimation errors in K-NiTi file group are more frequent than underestimation errors. This difference was statistically significant.Conclusion:A proper gauging of the apical diameter has a key role in endodontic therapy; an incorrect measurement can lead to clinical failures. This “in vitro” study highlights that IG-file improves measurement accuracy independently from clinician experience. Furthermore, in curved canals, the IG-file is more accurate than K-NiTi.
Pathogenesis, Clinical Features, Diagnosis, and Management of Radiation Hazards in Dentistry
Authors: Singh Gundeep , Sood Amit , Kaur Ambreen , Gupta Deepak 
Published: October 2018

Introduction:
With the advent of newer radiographic diagnostic procedures of the maxillofacial region, there is a drastic increase in the use of Ionizing radiation which further leads to increased chance of radiation hazards among the patients and the health care workers. In addition to the diagnostic information extracted, the radiation exposure carries the potential to induce carcinogenesis in the exposed individual. However, the amount of Radiation exposure in dentistry is significantly low but it is still harmful owing to the requirement of repeated radiographic examination during the dental treatment. Therefore, to ensure minimum and inevitable exposure during dental treatment, it is necessary to follow principles of radiation protection and safety.

Recommendations:
Several studies in the literature have revealed that the attitude and knowledge of the dental professionals regarding radiation safety is not up to the mark. Henceforth, there is a necessity of implementing certain basic guidelines regarding radiation safety and protection. Further state dental councils must advocate new and interesting methods of education regarding the same and should introduce strict rules and penalties for this spectrum of field.

Conclusion:
This present short commentary is to familiarize the dental practitioner regarding the methods to minimize the risk of the radiation hazards. Further this article will also educate the dental practitioners regarding the pathogenesis of Radiation effects during Radiation therapy of head and neck region along with pertinent management protocols.
Editorial
Authors: D'Olimpio Laura , Peterson Andrew 
Published: October 2018

This year the Journal of Philosophy in Schools kicked off with a special issue, volume 5 number 1, comprising seven invited articles that addressed the foundational question of why philosophy should be taught in schools. Deftly guest edited by Michael Hand from the University of Birmingham, the papers make a cumulative and convincing argument for why philosophy should be taught across the pre-tertiary educational curriculum. The issue makes a strong argument that may be used to defend and propagate the philosophy in schools movement. We hope it will be used pragmatically, politically, and persuasively by our readers to raise awareness and further the cause of teaching philosophy to young people and extending philosophy beyond the Academy.This issue honours one person who has dedicated his career to furthering this cause. Philip Cam is an international authority on philosophy in schools who has been a pioneer in introducing philosophy and ethics into schools in Australia. Phil completed his MA in Philosophy at the University of Adelaide and his DPhil at the University of Oxford. He is Adjunct Associate Professor in the School of Humanities and Languages at the University of New South Wales in Sydney, Australia, where he has been for over 30 years. In the various positions Phil has held at UNSW, in the Philosophy in Schools Association for NSW, and for the Federation of Australasian Philosophy in Schools Associations (FAPSA), he has worked hard, inspired and taught many, and contributed much to the shape of philosophy in schools across Australasia. This year, a little bird informed the JPS that Phil was retiring and turning 70, even while he continues to be productive, publishing, presenting and assisting with philosophy in schools projects and events. The opportunity thus presented itself to publish a collection of papers critically engaged with Cam’s work. Two further articles are included in this issue.
IMPACT OF GLAUCOMA IN COGNITIVE DECLINE
Authors: Banerjee Arijita , Khurana Indu 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACTPurpose:To assess cognitive performance differences , if any,among primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) patients, normal-tension glaucoma (NTG) patients, and healthy control (C) subjects.Methods:60 age and sex matched subjects (20 POAG, 20 NTG, and 20 C subjects) were included in this study. Following routine ophthalmological examination the cognitive performance of all participants, detailed neurological examinations, including the mini-mental state examination (MMSE), were done.Results:The mean RNFL thicknesses were significantly different among the groups in the POAG, NTG, and C subjects, respectively; p <0.001). MMSE scores were 24.1 ± 2.4, 25.2 ± 3.8 and 28.9 ± 0.9 in the POAG, NTG, and Controls groups, respectively. There were significant differences among the three groups (p <0.001). Moreover, there were significant differences between the NTG and Controls groups (p <0.001), and between the POAG and Controls groups (p<0.001).Conclusions:The overlapping pathogenesis in glaucoma and neurodegenerative disorders cause deterioration in cognitive performance. Decreased values of MMSE scores in POAG and NTG patients compared to the scores of healthy controls suggest a detailed neurological examination of glaucoma patients. Keywords: neurodegenerative disease, cognition, dementia, open angle glaucoma
Effectiveness of Dental Bleaching With 37.5% and 6% Hydrogen Peroxide and Its Effect on Quality of Life
Authors: Bersezio C , Estay J , Jorquera G , Peña M , Araya C , Angel P , Fernández E 
Published: October 2018

SUMMARY

Objective:
This study investigated whether it is possible to achieve equally satisfactory results between 37.5% hydrogen peroxide (HP) gel and 6% HP gel. We also assessed the psychosocial impact and self-perception of esthetics generated by extracoronal tooth whitening.

Methods and Materials:
A prospective, double-blind, randomized clinical trial was carried out. A total of 33 patients were selected from the clinic of the Faculty of Dentistry at the University of Chile. The patients included men and women over 18 years old without prior tooth whitening treatments, tooth decay, or restorations of the maxillary anterior teeth. The patients had tooth colors of A3 or less according to the Vita Classical scale, which was determined with a Vita Easy Shade spectrophotometer. The study was carried out with a “split-mouth” design. One side of each mouth was randomly treated with 37.5% HP, and the other side was bleached with 6% HP. Each group received 3 to 12 minutes of treatment with the respective gel applications. Two sessions of bleaching were carried out each week. A spectrophotometer was used to measure the total variation of color (ΔE), and a subjective evaluation was made with Vita Classical scale (ΔSGU) between the baseline (session 1) and different measurement times. We compared ΔE and ΔSGU for both agents using the Mann-Whitney test (α=0.05).

Results:
In both groups, there was variation among the initial color and the color in the different measurement times. In the month after the treatment was completed, ΔE was 9.06 in the 37.5% HP group and 5.69 in the 6% HP group. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant starting in the second session (p=0.000).

Conclusion:
There was a significant difference between the effectiveness of the bleaching gel concentrations of 37.5% and 6% HP according to spectrophotometer measurements and subjective evaluations. There was also a positive effect on psychosocial impact and esthetic self-perception among patients.
Gut Liking for the Ordinary: How Product Design Features Help Predict Car Sales
Authors: Landwehr Jan R. , Labroo Aparna A. , Ellison Patricia C. , Herrmann Andreas 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
In many markets, design is one of the key factors in determining a product’s success. The present research offers insights into the role of design for the success of cars, and offers procedures to measure the quality of the designs objectively.
The authors show that visual design plays a major role in a product’s success in the automobile market. In the study, two visual design aspects were already sufficient to significantly improve traditional sales forecasting models for cars. Visual prototypicality and visual complexity both had a positive impact on sales, and designs that were perceived as both prototypical and complex were the ones that displayed the best results.
Most design evaluation used to be based on subjective measures, but the researcher applied a new, objective procedure to measure prototypicality and complexity. While the latter was detected by the disk space needed by the compressed image file, the new approach for measuring prototypicality was even more sophisticated. It relied on the technique of image morphing. Morphing is a technique that allows the construction of a visual synthesis – or average picture – from a number of individual pictures. Once a car morph is developed, one can determine the visual similarity of different car models to the morph in order to obtain its prototypicality.
In principle, this procedure can be automated completely, and including a large number of versions is possible. These measures therefore seem suitable for supporting design decision processes in practice.
Changes Of Symptoms And The Ability Of Anxiety Patients After Exercise Of Thought Stopping And Family Psychoeducation
Authors: Laela Sri , Mustikasari Mustikasari , Wardani Ice Yulia 
Published: October 2018

Patients with degenerative disease were hospitalized may experience an anxiety psychological problem affecting the condition of the illness. The handling of this case aims to determine the change of symptom signs and ability of anxiety patients after exercise thought stopping and family psychoeducation. The design was case study with 25 participants. The analysis was performed on symptoms and abilities of patients and families before and after nursing intervention, thought stopping and family psychoeducation. The case handling on the same topic has been done before, but that distinguishes the author using Peplau's interpersonal theory approach. This makes its different and important to do. The result of the case handling shows the age of 18-60 years, female 13 people, men 12 people, Sundanese and the decreased signs of anxiety symptoms, also the increased the ability of families in caring for family members who experienced anxiety. Nursing intervention, thought stopping and family psychoeducation are recommended as nursing therapy for patients anxiety with degenerative diseases.
Effect of water quality in hematological and biochemical parameters in blood of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) in two lakes of Kosovo
Authors: Sahiti Hazbije , Bislimi Kemajl , Dalo Enis , Murati Kemajl 
Published: October 2018

The aim of
the current investigation is to evaluate the impact of water quality in
hematological and biochemical blood profile in two habitats of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) captured in Batllava
and in Radoniqi Lake. It has been found that Radoniqi Lake is characterized
with increased levels of physicochemical parameters (T, DO, PO4-3,
NO3-N, NO2-N). In Radoniqi Lake were recorded also heavy
metal content such as Cd, Pb, Ni and Cu while in Batllava Lake only presence of
Cu was recorded. Given the developed agriculture in the region where Radoniqi
Lake is located, increased level of PO4-3, Cd and Cu can
be attributed to agricultural pollution. Blood is taken for hematological (RBC,
Hgb, MCV, MCH, MCHC, WBC), and biochemical (ALP, AST, ALT, Glucose, Cholesterol,
Triglyceride, Total lipid, Total protein) analysis from twenty fish of each
lake. The results of hematological parameters show that there is a difference
between investigated fishes of respective lakes. There are slight differences
in the values of Hgb, MCHC and WBC, while the changes are significant in RBC,
MCV and MCH. By contrast, the biochemical parameters have shown significant
differences, with the exception of the amount of cholesterol, where the
differences are insignificant. Given the water quality of the two lakes, the
results of this research show that water quality affects the health condition
of fish. The high values of hematological and biochemical parameters in the
fish of Radoniqi Lake are indicative that these fish suffer from stress caused
by water pollution with heavy metals.
The Effect of Suplementary Pelargonium sidoides Extract on Growth of the African Catfish (Clarias gariepınus (Burchell, 1822))
Authors: TURAN Funda 
Published: October 2018

A
preliminary study was conducted to evaluate the effect of dietary
supplementation of the Pelargonium
sidoides extract on African catfish, Clarias
gariepinus growth performance, feed efficiency and body composition. The catfish
(mean body weight 1.09±0.32 g) were fed with experimental diets prepared by
using supplementation of P. sidoides
extract (0, 5 and 10 ml 100 g-1)
for 90 days. Growth rate significantly increased in catfish fed with P. sidoides extract-supplemented diets
in comparison with the control groups (P&lt;0.05). Specific growth rate (SGR)
ranged from 2.29 ± 0.05 (control) to 2.54 ± 0.21 (5 ml P. sidoides extract 100 g-1 diet). Feed conversion ratio
(FCR) and protein efficiency ratio (PER) were also significantly improved in
group fed diet with 10 ml 100 g-1P. sidoides extract than that with control groups (P&lt;0.05). These
results demonstrate that P. sidoides
extract may be used as a potential growth promoter in catfish culture.
Evaluation of cost efficiency in tomato greenhouses: the case of seven agrobussines in México, 2016
Authors: Arvizu ARMENTA Marisol 
Published: October 2018

Aim: The main objective of this research was to evaluate the efficiency of economic costs in seven units of greenhouse tomato production, during the production cycles of 2016, through the application of the stochastic frontier, depending on the type of packaging they handle and the cost structure that governs them. Design / Research methods: The stochastic frontier model includes the analysis of the non-systematic random component, which assumes an extremely critical role in the analysis during the interpretations. With the calculation of the stochastic cost frontier we construct the cost inefficiency index represented by C_it, delimited below 0. The index shows the percentage in which the cost is exceeded and, therefore, the degree of inefficiency. Conclusions / findings: The elaboration of the stochastic frontier finds its justification in the argument that the less efficient competitor is the one that receives the greater effects of the competition. In this sense, the location of the companies analyzed with respect to their own line of efficiency is essential for the design of the strategies of each company. The production units analyzed showed that, on some occasions, externalities are the cause of inefficiency, but contrary to what is established in theory, there are some units that show that the inefficiency with which they count is diminished by The influence of uncontrolled variables. Originality / value of the article: The contribution of this research lies in the use of efficiency models in the primary sector, specifically in tomato´s greenhouses.
A PUBLIC RELATIONS SUPPORTED APPROACH TO EMOTION MANAGEMENT PROCESS IN HOSPITALS / Hastanelerde Duygu Yönetimi Sürecine Halkla İlişkiler Destekli Bir Yaklaşım
Authors: ÜNLÜ KURT Simge 
Published: October 2018

The healthcare sector includes a
working area where emotions are experienced at a high rate. The patient and his / her
relatives may not be familiar with the situation, and the risks associated with
it may be quite high. There may be a possibility that the patient may die or fall
into a situation that is too bad to be treated, other doctors and staff
consulted may raise suspicions about the current treatment and other patients’
current situation may influence mood in a positive or negative way. In this process, the emotion management process is of great
importance and public relations practices are considered to be a guiding
attribute in the healthcare sector. In this context, first of all,
information about the process of emotion management and its practice in the
healthcare sector will be conveyed, approaches to the subject in terms of
public relations and the finding from the semi-structured interviews will be
presented. These semi-structured interviews made with the patients and their
relatives in understanding emotional conditions in hospitals. The works of Lewis (2005) and
Smith and Kleinman (1989) were used in order to prepare the interview forms and
to the questions. Findings of interviews show that patients and their relatives mostly
affecting by approaches of the personal and the events which they witnessed and
also according to participants, in state hospitals there is a lack of concern
about giving good experiences to patients.
Retos y experiencias en la construcción de un peritaje antropológico con perspectiva de género: la lucha de Bertha por la tierra en Chiapas
Authors: Saavedra Hernández Laura Edith 
Published: October 2018

En este artículo se narra la experiencia de la construcción de un peritaje antropológico con perspectiva de género y los retos que implica trabajar con ésta en las costumbres de las comunidades indígenas en México. El Centro de Derechos de la Mujer de Chiapas, A. C., lleva la defensa del caso y aplica la metodología de defensa participativa, cuyo objetivo es empoderar a las mujeres indígenas en la defensa de sus derechos. El peritaje procura dar testimonio de las permanencias y continuidades en las costumbres indígenas y las desigualdades de poder y género cuando las mujeres indígenas buscan justicia.
Encarnac(c)iones del multiculturalismo en dos festivales afromusicales de Colombia y México
Authors: Pazos Cárdenas Mateo 
Published: October 2018

En este artículo se analizan las maneras en que el discurso multicultural contemporáneo de los Estados-nación latinoamericanos se imbrica en las prácticas y representaciones corporales de las personas asistentes a dos festivales, uno en Colombia y otro en México, que se articulan alrededor de tradiciones musicales afroamericanas. Se hace uso de una metodología cualitativa basada en etnografías de ambos eventos y en entrevistas con asistentes recurrentes a los festivales, para destacar sus experiencias corporales en estos escenarios, las cuales están mediadas por la categoría étnico-racial o de color de piel. El texto demuestra que estos espacios festivos reproducen los presupuestos racistas bajo los que se construye el proyecto multicultural en Latinoamérica.
¿Quiénes son las parteras munduruku? Pluralismo médico y autoatención en el parto domiciliario entre indígenas en Amazonas, Brasil
Authors: Dias-Scopel Raquel Paiva , Scopel Daniel 
Published: October 2018

A partir de la etnografía sobre embarazo y parto entre los indígenas munduruku, se verificó que los saberes considerados tradicionales no se restringen a los especialistas y se comparten entre varias personas de la familia, en especial, entre las mujeres mayores, quienes pueden ser reconocidas como parteras o no. La actuación de las mujeres mayores y parteras munduruku ocurre en el contexto de participación creciente de profesionales de la salud y no se presenta como un simple antagonismo entre las formas de atención tradicional y biomédica, lo cual implica la articulación entre actores sociales con potencial para promover intercambios de saberes. Al mismo tiempo, las prácticas indígenas difieren de manera radical del paradigma biomédico y se perciben como necesarias para la salud del bebé y de la familia.