bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Embedding Knowledge Management Theory in Learning and Teaching Approach
Authors: Ibrahim Fahmi , Salleh Noor Maya 
Published: January 2019

The article focuses on the role of management of knowledge can have on organisations and looks at practical knowledge management (KM) practices from industry that can be employed by educational institutions. There is a view that KM is primarily business concept that can provide competitive advantage for commercial organisations. However, the KM processes such as knowledge creation, capture, sharing and use are not exclusive to business; good KM practices can bring benefits to all organisations. While KM is a growing field in almost last 20 years, very little has been written about it in the educational context. This is surprising, considering that education is about the creation and application of knowledge. Given that higher education institution’s (HEI) priority of developing and creating knowledge, an integrated approach that prioritise KM can be used to underpin university’s organisational processes particularly its learning and teaching approach. This article illustrates how attention to two main perspectives exists in KM field; objectivist perspective and practice-based perspective, can inform the learning and teaching approach; surface and deep approach. The approach of this paper is basically conceptual and descriptive. Drawing from empirical research in UK car manufacturing industry, the article is to address the way in which KM practices are being implemented and elaborates on the need the KM in teaching-learning process. This suggests an integrated approach to provide for a balanced strategy in terms of KM implementation that can be applied in HEI. It is important for educators in HEI to understand how certain KM perspective and influence can lead to different to different learning and teaching strategy. Thus, HEI can realise the potential of KM in order to enhance the learning of students.
Predoperacijsko zdravljenje miomov z ulipristal acetatom
Authors: Vogler Andrej , Rajić Mišo 
Published: January 2019

Izhodišče: Miomi so najpogostejši benigni tumorji maternice. Približno petina do polovica žensk z miomi ima simptome oz. pri njih miomi hitro rastejo. Najpogosteje gre za podaljšane in/ali močne menstruacijske krvavitve, ki povzroče anemijo, dismenorejo, bolečine zaradi pritiska na sosednje organe, redkeje pa neplodnost in motnje pri odvajanju urina in blata. Zdravljenje miomov je potrebno pri bolnicah s simptomi in v primeru, ko gre za hitro rastoče miome. Selektivni modulatorji progesteronskih receptorjev (SMPR) so novejša zdravila za predoperacijsko zdravljenje miomov, ki le-te učinkovito zmanjšajo, povzročijo amenorejo ali zmanjšanje krvavitev, s tem pa izboljšajo krvno sliko. Namen raziskave je bil ugotoviti vpliv predoperacijskega zdravljenja s SMPR ulipristal acetatom (UPA) na velikost miomov in krvno sliko.
Metode: Petdesetim (50) bolnicam s simptomatskimi miomi smo pred načrtovanim kirurškim posegom predpisali SMPR UPA 5 mg za dvanajst tednov. Pred in po končanem zdravljenju smo izmerili velikost miomov, ocenili količino krvavitve iz maternice in preverili krvno sliko.
Rezultati: Po končanem zdravljenju z UPA se je povprečna prostornina največjega mioma zmanjšala za 33,3 %, skupna povprečna prostornina do 3 največjih miomov pa za 32,3 %. Zmanjšanje prostornine je bilo v obeh primerih statistično značilno. Amenoroičnih je bilo 41 (82,0 %) bolnic, pri 9 (18,0 %) pa so se menstruacijske krvavitve znatno zmanjšale. Pri vseh bolnicah smo opazili porast koncentracije hemoglobina.
Zaključek: 12-tedensko predoperacijsko zdravljenje z UPA učinkovito zmanjša velikost miomov in s tem olajša oziroma omogoči najsodobnejše laparoskopsko kirurško zdravljenje. Ker povzroči amenorejo oziroma zmanjša količino menstruacijske krvavitve, se izboljša tudi krvna slika, kar je pomembno za okrevanje po operaciji.
Kardionevroablacija pri zdravljenju refleksne nevrokardiogene sinkope - Prikaz primera
Authors: Novak Petra , Antolič Bor , Wichterle Dan , Šinkovec Matjaž 
Published: January 2019

Izvleček
Refleksna nevrokardiogena sinkopa je ena izmed najbolj pogostih oblik izgube zavesti, pri kateri prekomeren odziv parasimpatičnega živčnega sistema vodi do padca krvnega pritiska preko vazodilatacije in/ali znižanja srčnega utripa. Gre za sinkopo, ki praviloma ni povezana z organsko boleznijo, zato je njena prognoza dobra in umrljivost ni povečana, lahko pa vpliva na kvaliteto življenja. Z novo metodo zdravljenja - kardionevroablacijo - želimo doseči izboljšanje kvalitete življenja pri pacientih s pogostimi epizodami refleksne nevrokardiogene sinkope s prevladujočo kardioinhibitorno komponento, pri katerih nefarmakološki in farmakološki načini zdravljenja niso učinkoviti, vstavitev srčnega spodbujevalnika pa zaradi mladosti odsvetovana. Gre za perkutani elektrofiziološki poseg, kjer z radiofrekvenčno ablacijo z endokardialne strani uničimo specifične parasimpatične ganglije epikardialno na srcu. Na ta način dosežemo delno parasimpatično denervacijo srca in s tem zmanjšamo ali odpravimo prekomeren vpliv parasimpatičnega živčevja na srce in posledično tudi kardioinhibitorno komponentno refleksne nevrokardiogene sinkope.
The new treason of the intellectuals
Authors: Docherty Thomas 
Published: January 2019

This book addresses the condition of the university today. There has been a fundamental betrayal of the institution by the political class, perverting it from its proper social and cultural functions. The betrayal has narrowed the scope of the university, through the commercial financialisation of knowledge as such. In short, the sector has been politicized, and now works explicitly to advance and serve a market-fundamentalist ideology. When all human values are measured by money, then wealth is mistaken for ‘the good’. Social, cultural and political corruption follow.
The University’s leadership has become complicit in a yet more fundamental betrayal of society, as an ever-widening wedge is driven between the lives of ordinary citizens and the self-interest of the privileged and wealthy. It is no wonder that ‘experts’ are in the dock today.
In 1927, the philosopher Julien Benda accused intellectuals of treason. His argument was that their thinking had been politicized, polluted by a nationalism that could only culminate in war. In 1939, Nazism explicitly corrupted the University and the intellectuals, demanding ideological allegiance instead of thought. We continue to live through the aftermath of this, only worse: by endorsing an entire ideology of ‘competition’, intellectuals have established a neo-Hobbesian war of all against all as the new cornerstone of societies. This now threatens human ecological survival.
In light of this, the intellectual and the University have a duty to extend democracy and social justice. This book calls upon the intellectual to assist in the survival of the species.
Sleeping mattress determinants and evaluation: a biomechanical review and critique
Authors: Wong Duo Wai-Chi , Wang Yan , Lin Jin , Tan Qitao , Chen Tony Lin-Wei , Zhang Ming 
Published: January 2019

BackgroundSleeping mattress parameters significantly influence sleeping comfort and health, as reflected by the extensive investigations of sleeping support biomechanics to prevent sleep-related musculoskeletal problems.MethodologyHerein, we review the current trends, research methodologies, and determinants of mattress biomechanics research, summarizing evidence published since 2008. In particular, we scrutinize 18 articles dealing with the development of new designs, recommendation criteria, instruments/methods of spine alignment evaluation, and comparative evaluation of different designs.ResultsThe review demonstrated that mattress designs have strived for customization, regional features, and real-time active control to adapt to the biomechanical features of different body builds and postures. However, the suggested threshold or target values for desirable spine alignment and body pressure distribution during sleep cannot yet be justified in view of the lack of sufficient evidence.ConclusionsIt is necessary to formulate standard objectives and protocols for carrying out mattress evaluation.
Thin‐Film‐Based Integrated High‐Transition‐Temperature Superconductor Devices
Authors: Balasubramanian Krishna , Xing Xinxi , Strugo Nir , Hayat Alex 
Published: January 2019

AbstractSince the discovery of superconductivity at temperatures above the technologically promising liquid nitrogen temperatures, applications based on superconductors have expanded and are being put to commercial use. However, superconductivity at higher temperatures typically occurs in complex materials requiring stringent material and environmental constraints. Such restraints make the realization and integration of these materials with normal materials a nontrivial aspect. In this progress report, unique features of these superconductors in terms of their synthesis, physical properties determining interface electrical transport, and their applications are discussed. A detailed progress report on these applications with remarks on efforts taken to integrate these devices with traditional platforms and semiconducting materials is provided.
Highly Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells via Modification of Energy Levels at the Perovskite/Carbon Electrode Interface
Authors: Wu Zhifang , Liu Zonghao , Hu Zhanhao , Hawash Zafer , Qiu Longbin , Jiang Yan , Ono Luis K. , Qi Yabing 
Published: January 2019

AbstractPerovskite solar cells (PSCs) have attracted great attention in the past few years due to their rapid increase in efficiency and low‐cost fabrication. However, instability against thermal stress and humidity is a big issue hindering their commercialization and practical applications. Here, by combining thermally stable formamidinium–cesium‐based perovskite and a moisture‐resistant carbon electrode, successful fabrication of stable PSCs is reported, which maintain on average 77% of the initial value after being aged for 192 h under conditions of 85 °C and 85% relative humidity (the “double 85” aging condition) without encapsulation. However, the mismatch of energy levels at the interface between the perovskite and the carbon electrode limits charge collection and leads to poor device performance. To address this issue, a thin‐layer of poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) is introduced to achieve improved interfacial energy level alignment, which is verified by ultraviolet photoemission spectroscopy measurements. Indeed as a result, power conversion efficiency increases from 12.2% to 14.9% after suitable energy level modification by intentionally introducing a thin layer of PEO at the perovskite/carbon interface.
Engineering NiO/NiFe LDH Intersection to Bypass Scaling Relationship for Oxygen Evolution Reaction via Dynamic Tridimensional Adsorption of Intermediates
Authors: Gao Zhi‐Wen , Liu Jie‐Yu , Chen Xue‐Min , Zheng Xue‐Li , Mao Jing , Liu Hui , Ma Tian , Li Lan , Wang Wei‐Chao , Du Xi‐Wen 
Published: January 2019

AbstractOxygen evolution reaction (OER) is a pivotal reaction in many technologies for renewable energy, such as water splitting, metal–air batteries, and regenerative fuel cells. However, this reaction is known to be kinetically sluggish and proceeds at rather high overpotential due to the universal scaling relationship, namely, the adsorption energies of intermediates are linearly correlated and cannot be optimized simultaneously. Several approaches have been proposed to break the scaling relationship by introducing additional active sites; however, positive experimental results are still absent. Herein, a different solution is suggested on the basis of dynamic tridimensional adsorption of the OER intermediates at NiO/NiFe layered double hydroxide intersection, by which the adsorption energy of each intermediate can be adjusted independently, so as to bypass the scaling relationship and achieve high catalytic performance. Experimentally, the OER overpotential is reduced to ≈205 mV at current density of 30 mA cm−2, which represents the best performance achieved by state‐of‐the‐art OER catalysts.
Recent Advances in Molecular Spintronics: Multifunctional Spintronic Devices
Authors: Guo Lidan , Gu Xianrong , Zhu Xiangwei , Sun Xiangnan 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe field of spintronics has triggered an enormous revolution in information storage since the first observation of giant magnetoresistance (GMR). Molecular semiconductors are characterized by having very long spin relaxation times up to milliseconds, and are thus widely considered to hold immense potential for spintronic applications. Along with the development of molecular spintronics, it is clear that the study of multipurpose spintronic devices has gradually grown into a new research and development direction. The abundant photoelectric properties of molecular semiconductors and the intriguing functionality of the spinterface, together with novel designs of device structures, have promoted the integration of multiple functions and different mechanisms into discrete spintronic devices. Here, according to the different relationships between the integrated mechanisms, multifunctional molecular spintronic devices containing parallel and interactive types are highlighted. This is followed by the introduction of pure‐spin‐current‐type molecular spintronic devices that have already demonstrated great potential for multifunction exploration. Finally, the challenges and outlook that make this field young and energetic are outlined.
Bioinspired Superhydrophobic Ni–Ti Archwires with Resistance to Bacterial Adhesion and Nickel Ion Release
Authors: Liu Ruoxi , Liu Xi , Zhou Jie , Nie Qiong , Meng Jingxin , Lin Jiuxiang , Wang Shutao 
Published: January 2019

AbstractAlthough orthodontic archwires are made from biomedical materials with vast potential for applications worldwide, great challenges, including the adhesion of cariogenic bacteria, the release of nickel ions, and the weakness of mechanical strength, remain and affect their biocompatibility and service life. Herein, a bioinspired superhydrophobic nickel–titanium alloy archwire is reported that displays multifunctional properties of antibacteria adhesion, antinickel release, and corrosion resistance. Compared with commercially purchased archwires, these performances on superhydrophobic archwires can be significantly elevated by varying the contact mode between archwires and the bacterial suspension from surface contact to point contact. Thus, this bioinspired superhydrophobic design has the potential to be applied in other dental devices and provides new ideas for developing novel multifunctional biomaterials.
Printing Conductive Nanomaterials for Flexible and Stretchable Electronics: A Review of Materials, Processes, and Applications
Authors: Huang Qijin , Zhu Yong 
Published: January 2019

AbstractPrinted electronics is attracting a great deal of attention in both research and commercialization as it enables fabrication of large‐scale, low‐cost electronic devices on a variety of substrates. Printed electronics plays a critical role in facilitating widespread flexible electronics and more recently stretchable electronics. Conductive nanomaterials, such as metal nanoparticles and nanowires, carbon nanotubes, and graphene, are promising building blocks for printed electronics. Nanomaterial‐based printing technologies, formulation of printable inks, post‐printing treatment, and integration of functional devices have progressed substantially in the recent years. This review summarizes basic principles and recent development of common printing technologies, formulations of printable inks based on conductive nanomaterials, deposition of conductive inks via different printing techniques, and performance enhancement by using various sintering methods. While this review places emphasis on conductive nanomaterials, the printing techniques and ink formulations can be applied to other materials such as semiconducting and insulating nanomaterials. Moreover, some applications of printed flexible and stretchable electronic devices are reviewed to illustrate their potential. Finally, the future challenges and prospects for printing conductive nanomaterials are discussed.
Efficient Near Infrared Modulation with High Visible Transparency Using SnO2–WO3 Nanostructure for Advanced Smart Windows
Authors: Nguyen Tam Duy , Yeo Loo Pin , Kei Tan Chiew , Mandler Daniel , Magdassi Shlomo , Tok Alfred Iing Yoong 
Published: January 2019

AbstractRenewable energy technology and effective energy management are the most crucial factors to consider in the progress toward worldwide energy sustainability. Smart window technology has a huge potential in energy management as it assists in reducing energy consumption of indoor lighting and air‐conditioning in buildings. Electrochromic (EC) materials, which can electrically modulate the transmittance of solar radiation, are one of the most studied smart window materials. In this work, highly transparent SnO2 inverse opal (IO) is used as the framework to electrochemically deposit amorphous WO3 layer to fabricate hybrid SnO2–WO3 core–shell IO structure. The hybrid structure is capable of effective near infrared (NIR) modulation while maintaining high visible light transparency in the colored and bleached states. By varying the initial diameter of the polystyrene (PS) opal template and the WO3 electrodeposition time, optimal results can be obtained with the smallest PS diameter of 392 nm and 180 s WO3 electrodeposition. In its colored state, the 392‐SnO2–WO3‐180 core–shell IO structure shows ≈70% visible light transparency, 62% NIR blockage at 1200 nm, and ≈15% drop in NIR blocking stability after 300 cycles. The SnO2–WO3 core–shell IO structure in this study is a promising EC material for advanced smart window technology.
Iridium‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Hydroarylation of Chromene Derivatives with Aromatic Ketones: Enantioselective Synthesis of 2‐Arylchromanes
Authors: Sakamoto Kana , Nishimura Takahiro 
Published: January 2019

AbstractCatalytic asymmetric hydroarylation of 2H‐chromenes with aromatic ketones was realized by use of a cationic iridium/chiral phosphine complex. The reaction proceeded via olefin isomerization, followed by enantioselective hydroarylation, thus giving 2‐arylchromanes in high yields with high enantioselectivity.magnified image
Metallization of 3D Printed Polymers and Their Application as a Fully Functional Water‐Splitting System
Authors: Su Xinran , Li Xinwei , Ong Chun Yee Aaron , Herng Tun Seng , Wang Yanqing , Peng Erwin , Ding Jun 
Published: January 2019

AbstractIn this work, the plating of high‐quality amorphous nickel–phosphorous coating with low resistivity of 0.45 µΩ m (298 K) on complex 3D printed polymeric structures with high uniformity is reported. Such a polymer metallization results in an effective conductivity of 4.7 × 104 S m−1. This process also allows flexible structures to maintain their flexibility along with the conductivity. Octet‐truss structures with nickel–iron‐(oxo) hydroxide nanosheets electrodeposited onto further displays excellent water‐splitting performance as catalytic electrodes, i.e., in KOH (1 m, aq), a low oxygen evolution reaction (OER) overpotential of 197 mV at 10 mA cm−2 and Tafel slope of 51 mV dec−1. Using this light‐weight electrode with high specific area, strength, and corrosion resistance properties, a fully functional water‐splitting system is designed and fabricated through the concentric integration of 3D printed components. A dense polymeric mesh implemented is also demonstrated as an effective separator of hydrogen and oxygen bubbles in this system.
Physical Dimensions/Units and Universal Constants: Their Invariance in Special and General Relativity
Authors: Hehl Friedrich W. , Lämmerzahl Claus 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe theory of physical dimensions and units in physics is outlined. This includes a discussion of the universal applicability and superiority of quantity equations. The International System of Units (SI) is one example thereof. By analyzing mechanics and electrodynamics, it naturally leads one, besides the dimensions of length and time, to the fundamental units of action , electric charge q, and magnetic flux ϕ. Also, and are known. These results of classical physics suggests to look into the corresponding quantum aspects of q and ϕ (and also of ): The electric charge occurs exclusively in elementary charges e, whereas the magnetic flux can have any value; in specific situations, however, in superconductors of type II at very low temperatures, ϕ appears quantized in the form of fluxons (Abrikosov vortices). And leads, of course, to the Planck quantum h. Thus, one is directed to superconductivity and, because of the resistance, to the quantum Hall effect. In this way, the Josephson and the quantum Hall effects come into focus quite naturally. One goal is to determine the behavior of the fundamental constants in special and in general relativity.
Duale Gold/Silber‐Katalyse über oxidative Addition zu Alkinylgold(III)‐Zwischenstufen und silberkatalysierte C‐H‐Aktivierung für die direkte Alkinylierung von Cyclopropenen
Authors: Yang Yangyang , Antoni Patrick , Zimmer Marc , Sekine Kohei , Mulks Florian F. , Hu Long , Zhang Lumin , Rudolph Matthias , Rominger Frank , Hashmi A. Stephen K. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractWährend goldkatalysierte synergistische katalytische Prozesse, die Transmetallierung mit anderen Metallen einbeziehen, gut verstanden sind, sind AuI/AuIII‐Zyklen in diesen Reaktionen sehr selten. Hier wird eine goldkatalysierte direkte Alkinylierung von Cyclopropenen über zwei aktive Katalysezyklen ermöglicht, ein oxidativer Katalysezyklus mit einem über oxidative Addition gebildeten Alkinyl‐AuIII‐Komplex, und eine silbervermittelte C‐H‐Aktivierung.
Stereospecific α‐Sialylation by Site‐Selective Fluorination
Authors: Hayashi Taiki , Kehr Gerald , Bergander Klaus , Gilmour Ryan 
Published: January 2019

AbstractSialic acids are ubiquitous components of mammalian cell membranes and key regulators of cellular recognition events. Located at the non‐reducing termini of bioactive gangliosides, these essential building blocks are fused to the polysaccharide core via a characteristic α‐linkage, and rarely occur in the monomeric form. Effective chemical strategies to enable α‐sialylation are urgently required to construct well‐defined tools for glycomics. To complement existing chemoenzymatic strategies, an α‐selective process has been devised based on the site‐selective introduction of fluorine at C3 (more than 20 examples, up to 90 % yield). Predicated on localized particle charge inversion (C−Hδ+→C−Fδ−), fluorine insertion simultaneously augments the anomeric effect, enhances electrophilicity at C2 and mitigates elimination. A stereochemical induction model is postulated that spans the SN continuum and validates the role of the C−F bond in orchestrating α‐selectivity.
Production of Terephthalic Acid from Corn Stover Lignin
Authors: Song Song , Zhang Jiaguang , Gözaydın Gökalp , Yan Ning 
Published: January 2019

AbstractFunneling and functionalization of a mixture of lignin‐derived monomers into a single high‐value chemical is fascinating. Reported herein is a three‐step strategy for the production of terephthalic acid (TPA) from lignin‐derived monomer mixtures, in which redundant, non‐uniform substitutes such as methoxy groups are removed and the desired carboxy groups are introduced. This strategy begins with the hydro‐treatment of corn‐stover‐derived lignin oil over a supported molybdenum catalyst to selectively remove methoxy groups. The generated 4‐alkylphenols are converted into 4‐alkylbenzoic acids by carbonylation with carbon monoxide. The Co‐Mn‐Br catalyst then oxidizes various alkyl chains into carboxy groups, transforming the 4‐alkylbenzoic acid mixture into a single product: TPA. For this route, the overall yields of TPA based on lignin content of corn stover could reach 15.5 wt %, and importantly, TPA with greater than 99 % purity was obtained simply by first decanting the reaction mixture and then washing the solid product with water.