bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sleep‐Disordered Breathing and Dimensions of The Maxillary Dental Arch and Hard Palate in Children With Class II and Large Overjet—A Case‐Control Study
Authors: Hansen Camilla , Markström Agneta , Bakke Merete , Sonnesen Liselotte 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundClass II occlusion is associated with narrow dimensions of the maxillary dental arch and hard palate (maxillary dimensions), which may increase the risk of narrow upper airways and sleep‐disordered breathing (SDB).ObjectivesThe aim was to compare maxillary dental arch and hard palate dimensions in children with Class II and large overjet ≥ 6 mm (study group) to a control group with neutral occlusion and to examine the relation between SDB and maxillary dimensions.MethodsThe study group included 37 children (19 boys; 18 girls; median age 12.3 years) and the control group included 32 children (16 boys; 16 girls; median age 12.2 years). SDB was assessed by respiratory polygraphy, the distances between maxillary canines and first permanent molars were measured by intraoral scans and the general relation between SDB and maxillary dimensions was analysed.ResultsSignificantly smaller distances between both canines and first molars (p ≤ 0.001) were found in the study group. No significant differences in dimensions of the hard palate or SDB were found between the groups but the snore index tended to be higher in the study group (p = 0.051). No general significant associations between SDB measurements and maxillary dimensions were found in the total group of participants.ConclusionsSignificantly reduced transversal dimensions of the maxillary dental arch were found in the study group with Class II occlusion compared to controls. No significant difference regarding dimensions of the hard palate or SDB between the groups was found nor between SDB and maxillary dimensions. However, intraoral scans may be useful in risk assessment of early signs of paediatric SDB in orthodontic patients.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT04964830
Predictive analysis of lung function in school‐age children born with very low birthweight, according to the definition used of bronchopulmonary dysplasia. A retrospective observational analysis
Authors: Uberos Jose , Ruiz‐López Aida , Fernández‐Romero Carlos , Fernández‐Marin Elizabeth , Cubero‐Millan Isabel , Contreras‐Chova Francisco , Campos‐Martínez Ana 
Published: December 2024

AimTo determine the predictive value of the definition of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) on spirometric parameters of very low birthweight (VLBW) children of school age between 1 January 2008 and 31 December 2016.MethodsIn this longitudinal retrospective observational study, we analyse a cohort of children admitted to a neonatal intensive care unit between 1 January 2008 and 31 December 2016. All newborns weighing <1500 g and born before 32 weeks of gestational age were included in the study (VLBW newborns). The existence of BPD was established retrospectively according to the definitions proposed by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) in 2001 and the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) in 2018. Lung function of the school‐age cohort was evaluated prospectively as FEV1, FVC, FEF25–75% and FEV1/FVC by spirometry. The predictive analysis was performed by multivariate linear regression.ResultsOf the 145 children included in the study cohort, 60 were diagnosed with BPD according to the NIH definition and 36 according to that of the NICHD. Lung function was reduced by about 20% in patients with BPD, irrespective of the definition applied. However, the predictive regression model only produced a statistically significant fit with the spirometric variables when the NIH definition was adopted.ConclusionsOur findings highlight the value of continuing to consider oxygen requirements at 28 days of chronological age in the definition of BPD, in order to obtain higher quality predictions of lung function parameters assessed later, during school age.
Does sleep help children to generalise features like adults?
Authors: Kurz Eva‐Maria , Schreiber Clara Marie , Kölle Konstantin , Tunçel Zeynep , Meyer Paula Theresa , Ngo‐Dehning Hong‐Viet V. , Conzelmann Annette , Prehn‐Kristensen Alexander 
Published: December 2024

SummaryChildren and adults have been shown to benefit from sleep with regard to the consolidation of declarative memories. Especially during childhood, the generalisation of information from social and non‐social contexts is important for adaptable behaviour in new situations and might show specific features in children. Here, we investigated whether adults (n = 18) and children (n = 19) differ in their generalisation of features assessed in wake and sleep conditions. In a social paradigm, certain face features were associated with different types of offers (fair, unfair, friendly). While children tended to better recognise these faces, adults were better than children at associating the type of offer to unknown faces sharing these features with the previously encoded faces in the sleep condition. To assess generalisation of features in a non‐social context, a probabilistic evaluative conditioning paradigm was used, where stimuli were associated with positive or negative values. We found no difference between children and adults or between the sleep and wake condition in the change in evaluation of the conditioned stimuli when paired congruently with a predefined value (positive/negative). Together, our results suggest a differential feature generalisation from mainly social contexts in children compared with adults.
Uncertainty‐guided U‐Net for soil boundary segmentation using Monte Carlo dropout
Authors: Zhou X. , Sheil B. , Suryasentana S. , Shi P. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAccurate soil stratification is essential for geotechnical engineering design. Owing to its effectiveness and efficiency, the cone penetration test (CPT) has been widely applied for subsurface stratigraphy, which relies heavily on empiricism for correlations to soil type. Recently, deep learning techniques have shown great promise in learning the relationship between CPT data and soil boundaries automatically. However, the segmentation of soil boundaries is fraught with model and measurement uncertainty. This paper introduces an uncertainty‐guided U((‐Net (UGU‐Net) for improved soil boundary segmentation. The UGU‐Net consists of three parts: (a) a Bayesian U‐Net to predict a pixel‐level uncertainty map, (b) reinforcement of original labels on the basis of the predicted uncertainty map, and (c) a traditional deterministic U‐Net, which is applied to the reinforced labels for final soil boundary segmentation. The results show that the proposed UGU‐Net outperforms the existing methods in terms of both high accuracy and low uncertainty. A sensitivity study is also conducted to explore the influence of key model parameters on model performance. The proposed method is validated by comparing the predicted subsurface profile with benchmark profiles. The code for this project is available at github.com/Xiaoqi‐Zhou‐suda/UGU‐Net.
Long‐Term Effects of an Automated Personalized Self‐Care Program for Patients With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Lee Haejung , Park Gaeun , Lee DaeEun , Khang Ah Reum , Lee Min Jin 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTElevated glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels and longer disease duration increase the risk of complications in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), highlighting the need for continuous management. This study evaluated the 18‐month effects of the Automated Personalized Self‐Care (APSC) program on self‐care self‐efficacy, diabetes self‐care, and complication risk indices in T2DM patients through a randomized controlled trial. Participants aged 40–69 years were assigned to either an intervention group using the APSC mobile app, which provided personalized goals, automated feedback, and monthly support, or a comparison group. The final analysis included 43 engaged participants from the intervention group and 78 from the comparison group. Data were collected at baseline, 6, 12, and 18 months using structured questionnaires and medical record reviews and analyzed using generalized estimating equations. Significant effects were observed for self‐care self‐efficacy, diabetes self‐care activities, vegetable intake, HbA1c, and total cholesterol levels. The APSC program showed potential to improve long‐term self‐care and reduce complication risk in T2DM patients. Further research with a larger samples and strategies to promote long‐term engagement is needed for its integration into routine diabetes care.Trial Registration: Clinical Research Information Service: KCT0007672
New York State Climate Impacts Assessment Chapter 09: Transportation
Authors: Macdonald Amy , McDonald Joan , Schmitt Thomas , Cai Hua , Ceponis Jennifer , Cullen Cheila , Dutta Projjal , Ruiz Andrea Cristina , Stevens Amanda 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe transportation sector's functionality depends on climate conditions. Many New York State residents, communities, businesses, and institutions have already experienced transportation‐related climate change impacts, and many more will experience impacts in the future. This chapter examines climate change impacts on the various modes of transportation in New York State. It also highlights climate‐driven vulnerabilities among the state's communities, workers, regions, and businesses, with particular attention paid to issues of equity and environmental justice.
New York State Climate Impacts Assessment Chapter 02: New York State's Changing Climate
Authors: Lamie Christopher , Bader Daniel , Graziano Kathryn , Horton Radley , John Kecil , O'Hern Natalie , Spungin Sophia , Stevens Amanda 
Published: December 2024

AbstractMany fundamental aspects of New York State's climate have already begun to change, and the changes are projected to continue—and in some cases, accelerate—throughout the 21st century. This chapter explores observed and projected changes in a variety of physical variables that relate directly to weather and climate, starting with average and extreme air temperature and proceeding to the associated effects on precipitation, extreme events, and core properties of New York's coastal and inland waters. These climate attributes and hazards lead to impacts throughout the eight sectors of this assessment.
Estimating global prevalence of mild cognitive impairment and dementia in elderly with overweight, obesity, and central obesity: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Wei Junlun , Zhu Xinyue , Liu Jiaye , Gao Yun , Liu Xinjun , Wang Ke , Zheng Xiaofeng 
Published: December 2024

SummaryBackground and AimPrevious studies have demonstrated that adiposity, particularly obesity during midlife, may have a detrimental effect on cognitive function. This study aims to estimate the global prevalence of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia in elderly aged 60 years or above with overweight, obesity, and central obesity.MethodsWe searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library from inception to November 2023. DerSimonian‐Laird random‐effects model with Logit transformation was used. Sensitivity analysis, meta‐regression, and subgroup analysis were employed to investigate determinants of the prevalence of MCI and dementia.ResultsA total of 72 studies involving 2,980,947 elderly with distinct adiposity status were included. Pooled prevalence of MCI and dementia in elderly with overweight and obesity was 32.54% and 9.47%, respectively. Univariate meta‐regression analysis indicated that the heterogeneity in dementia prevalence was attributable to variations in study size (R2 = 0.01, p < 0.05), while the multivariable analysis underscored that the income of country or area had the most significant predictive importance (60.3% and 90.3%) for both MCI and dementia prevalence. Subgroup analysis revealed regional disparities and diagnostic technique variations contributing to heterogeneity. Based on currently available but inadequate epidemiological data, the pooled prevalence of MCI and dementia in elderly with central obesity was calculated as 10.18% and 9.75%, respectively.ConclusionStrategies to address adiposity‐associated cognitive impairment should consider multifaceted interventions beyond simple weight reduction. Macro‐level initiatives such as improvement of income levels and micro‐level interventions including the adoption of accurate diagnostic techniques also represent equally pivotal components.
Detecting hybridization in Chilean species of the genus Baccharis L.
Authors: Schneider F. , Hellwig F. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

The genus Baccharis in Chile is an extraordinary example of admixture, previously described only morphologically and chemically. In Chile, the genus forms a homoploid complex with at least 16 species and 21 hybrids.

Genotyping‐by‐Sequencing (GBS) was used to clarify the hybrid character of Baccharis × intermedia, which originated from the species B. macraei and B. linearis. Additionally, B. vernalis, another species with a morphological resemblance to B. macraei, was subjected to analysis to ascertain its role in the hybridization process.

A total of 11,006 SNPs and 72 individuals were analysed using Treemix, D‐ and f‐statistics, which revealed genetic evidence of hybridization between B. macraei and B. linearis. Furthermore, other genetic indicators, such as a high level of heterozygosity, also provided evidence of the hybrid nature of Baccharis × intermedia. Additionally, one individual exhibited strong genetic proportions derived from B. vernalis, B. macraei, and B. linearis. Distinct individuals were clustered using sparse Non‐Negative Matrix Factorization (sNMF) into five distinct groups, representing the described species and the hybrid. B. macraei exhibited division into a northern and a southern subpopulation.

The morphological and chemical evidence of the hybrid character of Baccharis × intermedia is corroborated by genetic data. Further, the most likely evolutionary scenario is a hybrid swarm. Genetic differentiation between B. linearis and B. macraei indicates separation prior to secondary contact. The close relationship of B. macraei and B. vernalis was confirmed, suggesting that it may emerge as a vicariant species on different soil types.
Blumeria hordei affects volatile emission of susceptible and resistant barley plants and modifies the defense response of recipient plants
Authors: Laupheimer Silvana , Ghirardo Andrea , Kurzweil Lisa , Weber Baris , Stark Timo D. , Dawid Corinna , Schnitzler Jörg‐Peter , Hückelhoven Ralph 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe barley powdery mildew disease caused by the biotrophic fungus Blumeria hordei (Bh) poses enormous risks to crop production due to yield and quality losses. Plants and fungi can produce and release volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that serve as signals in plant communication and defense response to protect themselves. The present study aims to identify VOCs released by barley (Hordeum vulgare) during Bh‐infection and to decipher VOC‐induced disease resistance in receiver plants. VOC profiles of susceptible MLO wild type (MLO WT) and a resistant near‐isogenic backcross line (mlo5) were characterized over time (one day or three days after Bh inoculation) using TD‐GC/MS. Comparative analysis revealed genotype‐dependent VOC profiles and significant differences in emission rates for β‐caryophyllene, linalool, (Z)‐3‐hexenol, and methyl salicylate. Furthermore, susceptible barley plants were exposed to the complex VOC bouquet of MLO WT or mlo5 sender plants in plant‐to‐plant communication. We found that VOC‐induced resistance in receiver plants depended on the sender genotype in a Bh susceptibility assay. Additionally, untargeted metabolomics and gene expression studies provide evidence toward an SA‐dependent pathway mediating VOC‐induced resistance against powdery mildew. The exogenous application of methyl salicylate resulted in the enhanced expression of the BARLEY CHEMICALLY INDUCED‐4 marker gene and induced resistance in receiver plants. The findings suggest genotype‐dependent alterations in barley VOC profiles during biotrophic plant‐fungus interactions and show a VOC‐mediated resistance that shares components with salicylic acid‐related pathways. The VOC signals identified here could serve as non‐invasive markers for disease progression in barley‐powdery mildew interactions and as signals for resistance induction in recipient plants.
CRISPR/Cas Technology in Disease Prevention and Control of Aquatic Animals
Authors: Lin Nan , Zhang Jiexin , Wang Yilei , Zhang Ziping 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThe CRISPR/Cas genome editing technology, with its advantages of simplicity, high efficiency, and cost‐effectiveness, has become a key tool for dissecting gene function, knocking out harmful/undesirable genes, and repairing defective genes. It has also shown great potential in the genome editing of aquatic animals such as tilapia, carp, salmon, and sea urchins. Disease prevention and control are core areas of aquatic animal research and the aquaculture industry. Novel technologies based on CRISPR/Cas, such as rapid diagnostic kits for aquatic diseases and species‐specific drugs against parasites, have been developed in the disease diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of aquatic animals. Based on our work in these fields, this review summarizes the relevant new technologies and latest progress, aiming to provide readers with a quick and comprehensive understanding of the application status and future trends of CRISPR/Cas technology in the prevention and control of aquatic diseases and to provide a reference for related fields.
IgE sensitization profiles to food, inhalant and insect venom in Norwegian blood donors and their impact on blood transfusions
Authors: Mahmood Faiza , Hetland Geir , Mirlashari Mohammad Reza , Nissen‐Meyer Lise Sofie Haug 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAllergen‐specific immunoglobulin‐E (As‐IgE) in blood donors (BD) can be transferred to transfusion recipients via plasma‐containing blood components (PCBC) and sensitize recipient's mast cells. These cells can activate upon allergen exposure and cause allergy. This study aimed to assess sensitization profiles against an array of allergens in BD to identify donors with As‐IgE and explore if this IgE can lead to allergic symptoms in recipients. Furthermore IgE sensitization was characterized in donors of PCBC that were associated with allergic transfusion reactions (ATR) in recipients. Serum samples from 300 randomly selected BD (RSBD) and 40 BD selected following 26 ATRs in patients transfused with PCBC from these donors were collected. IgE sensitization was tested by a line‐blot enzyme‐immunoassay and an ELISA‐based IgE multiplex assay. Thirty‐eight per cent of the RSBD had IgE to one or several allergens. High IgE levels with a potential to transfer to recipients of PCBC were also detected in some BD. Investigation of 2/3 of the PCBC from sensitized RSBD revealed no reports of ATR in recipients. IgE testing of donors associated with an ATR showed sensitization in 65% of the cases. We conclude that IgE testing of BD can reveal sensitization to different allergens, even though persons with severe allergies are not accepted as BD. The sensitization frequency appears higher in BD of PCBC that led to an ATR compared to the RSBD. No reports on ATR were found for PCBC from sensitized RSBD. More studies are needed to address the role of IgE‐sensitization of BD in ATR.
Development of molecular sterility assay for rapid quality release of cord blood erythrocytes units for transfusion
Authors: Closa Laia , Samarkanova Dinara , Lera Carina , Gonzalez Noemí , Lloret Mireia , Codinach Margarita , Aran Gemma , Fernandez‐Sojo Jesús , Vidal Francisco , Soria Maria Gloria , Querol Sergi 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBackgroundUmbilical cord blood (CB) units stored in banks are an important source of hematopoietic stem cells for transplantation and other cell therapies. New applications, such as their use in transfusions, require rapid quality release as cord blood red blood cells (CB‐RBC) have a shorter shelf life.Study Design and MethodsThis project aims to investigate the most prevalent microbial contaminants in CB preparations and validate a rapid sterility testing strategy for CB‐RBC based on an automated system (BACT/ALERT®) in tandem with a molecular assay (real‐time PCR) capable of detecting at least 100 CFU/mL of Cutibacterium acnes in CB‐RBC to accelerate the detection of the most common slow‐growing bacteria.ResultsMicrobial contamination incidence was assessed by reviewing 4696 CB sterility tests, revealing a positivity rate of 3.4%, with C. acnes being the most common slow‐growing pathogen. The BACT/ALERT® system, which was validated according to European Pharmacopeia guidelines, was an appropriate method for sterility testing of CB‐RBC, although it required up to 14 days of culture to detect C. acnes when iFAPlus and iFNPlus bottles were used to neutralize antimicrobials. Interestingly, the BACT/ALERT® method detected C. acnes at 30 CFU/mL within 14 days, while real‐time PCR identified concentrations ≥65 CFU/mL by Day 4.DiscussionIn conclusion, we developed a rapid sterility testing strategy that combines automated culture systems and real‐time PCR for early microbial contamination, enhancing CB‐RBC shelf life for transfusion and emphasizing the importance of combining detection methods.
Impact of input volume on red cell quality in deglycerolized RBCs using a modified ACP‐215 protocol
Authors: Howell Anita , Hill Angela , Lefresne Wanda , Dennis Brandie , Turner Tracey R. , Yi Qi‐Long , Olafson Carly , William Nishaka , Acker Jason P. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe ACP 215 automated cell processor is used to glycerolize and deglycerolize red cell concentrates (RCCs). Its primary advantage over the COBE 2991, previously used to cryopreserve RCCs, is that it maintains a closed system enabling extended post‐thaw expiry. However, it was observed that post‐deglycerolization hematocrits (Hct) of units processed with the LN236 kit are markedly lower than those processed using the COBE 2991. Therefore, we intended to determine whether a modified process using a smaller volume deglycerolization kit (LN235) could increase the final Hct with limited deleterious effects on product characteristics.Study Design and MethodsTwo proof‐of‐concept (POC) studies, conducted to determine the feasibility of using the LN235 processing kit for deglycerolization, identified the necessary modifications to the pre‐ and post‐deglycerolization process, after which a two‐part study characterized the modified protocol. The impact of pre‐cryopreservation storage duration (7–21 days), input red cell mass, and the type of CPD/SAGM RCC production method (red cell filtration and whole blood filtration) were investigated.ResultsUsing the LN235 kit in conjunction with a volume reduction step for RCCs with a red cell mass exceeding 180 mL allowed for an ~8% increase in Hct. As expected, slightly lower recoveries were seen for large RCCs due to volume reduction; however, there were no other detrimental outcomes on product quality.ConclusionsLeveraging the LN235 kit, recommended by Haemonetics for units with a red cell mass of ≤180 mL, can be used to increase the post‐deglycerolization Hct of RCCs that exceed this volume.