bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Türkçenin Yabancı Dil Olarak Öğretiminde Kişi Ad ve Soyadlarının Sınıflandırılması ve Okuma Metinlerinde Kullanımı
Authors: TUM Gulden 
Published: November 2018

Yabancı dil olarak Türkçe (TYD) öğretiminde kelime öğreniminin zor olma
nedeni, farklı diller arasındaki sözcüklerin biçimsel özellikleri ile Türkçenin
sondan eklemeli bir dil olmasından kaynaklanan yapım ve çekim eklerinin farklı yapılandırılması
gösterilebilir. Her ikisi de anlamayı ve üretimi zorlaştıran unsurlardır. Söz varlığının kolay ve kalıcı
öğrenilebilmesi sözcüklerin bilişsel düzeye hitap etmesi kadar anlamsal
metinlerin oluşturulmasına da bağlıdır. Bunun için metin ve metni oluşturan
sözcüklerin arasındaki bağın güçlü olması beklenir. Türkçede kişi adları farklı
anlam taşıyan sözcük gruplarında hazırlanabilir ve bu özellik yabancı
öğrencilere sezdirilirse öğrenmeye katkıda bulunulabilir. Bu çalışma, kişi ad
ve soyadlarının sınıflandırılması, okuma metinlerinde kullanılması ve
örüntülenmesi durumunda kalıcı öğrenmeyi ne kadar sağlayabileceğini
sorgulamaktadır. Bu nedenle Türkçenin yabancı dil olarak öğretimi dersini alan
öğretmen adaylarına kişi ad ve soyadlarını sınıflandırmaları ve sınıflandırmaya
göre metin üretmeleri istenmiş, hangi adları ne tür metinlerde kullandıkları
belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Ayrıca, kişi ad ve soyadlarının TYD kitaplarındaki
durumu da gözden geçirilmiştir. Sonuçlar öğretmen adaylarının kişi adlarını
sınıflandırmada doğa, duygu, kahramanlık, mevsim, din, sayı, eylem, sıfat
unsurlarını kullandıklarını ancak metin üretmede kişi ad ve soyadlarından
yeteri kadar yararlanamadıklarını; TYD kitaplarındaki kişi ad ve soyadı
kullanımlarının sınıflandırma ve biçim açısından yeterli olmadığını
göstermiştir. Bu alanda çalışmaya rastlanmamış olmasının alana katkıda
bulunacağı varsayılmaktadır.
Efektivitas Blended Learning Berbasis LMS dengan Model Pembelajaran Inkuiri pada Materi Fluida Statis terhadap Penguasaan Konsep Siswa
Authors: Akhmalia Noor Laily , Suana Wayan , Maharta Nengah 
Published: November 2018

This research was aimed to find out the effectiveness of blended learning on LMS with inquiry learning mode to students concept mastery. The research sample used was 68 students of Senior High School in Bandarlampung. In experimental class, the researcher used blended learning based on LMS with inquiry learning mode, while in control class the researcher used conventional mode. The research design used was Pretest-Posttest Control Group Design. After all data were collected, the data were tested for normallity, homogeneity, and ancova. Based on the result of ANCOVA with Fcount > Ftable (15,45 > 3,98), it shows that there is the difference in the average of students concept mastery in experimental class and control class which means that blended learning based on LMS with inquiry learning mode gives a significant impact to the student concept mastery. In addition, it can effectively enhance the student concept mastery proven by the difference of N-Gain average in experimental class which is 0,84 with the high category and in control class 0,70 with the average category.
Half a century of IgA nephropathy: achievements, frustrations and challenges
Authors: Lapchynska I.I. 
Published: November 2018

IgA nephropathy is the most common glomerulonephritis worldwide. This disease has a tremendous economic impact because renal replacement therapy is expensive and hard-to-reach. It also represents a social problem because children and young adults in their second and third decades of life are affected by the IgA nephropathy, and it is the most active period of human life with highest work productivity. Many retrospective studies have shown that 40% of biopsy-proven IgA nephropathy patients develop end-stage kidney disease in 20 years after their biopsy disease.
The biomarker research in IgA nephropathy has experienced a major splash in recent years with great number of scientific reports. Individual biomarkers often lack sensitivity and specificity with impairment of disease specificity as a consequence. The review describes a novel approach based on a panel of biomarkers for pathogenic process of IgA nephropathy. Integration of genetic, clinical, and bioinformatics data sets could optimize the specific value of each biomarker in a multimarker panel. This is a inspirational and promising approach for precision medicine and personalized therapy in IgA nephropathy.
Half a century into the original description of IgA nephropathy, there is still no specific therapy for this condition Although the scarcity in treatment advances could be related to the disease’s complex pathogenesis. The evolution of different therapeutic approaches is reviewed over time and resulted in the 2012 Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes Clinical Practice Guideline for Glomerulonephritis that presently is being updated, and provide collation of recent data on various forms of immunosuppressive agents. Existing approaches to treatment of IgA nephropathy are described with focus primarily on innovative therapeutic strategies currently being evaluated in IgA nephropathy that were not discussed in the 2012 Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes Clinical Practice Guidelines.
A modern series of subdiaphragmatic craniopharyngiomas
Authors: Jamshidi Ali O. , Beer-Furlan André , Prevedello Daniel M. , Sahyouni Ronald , Elzoghby Mohamed A. , Safain Mina G. , Carrau Ricardo L. , Jane John A. , Laws Edward R. 
Published: November 2018

OBJECTIVEThe endoscopic endonasal approach has been proposed as a primary surgical strategy for select craniopharyngiomas. However, those tumors that arise from the sella have not been classified with the other craniopharyngioma subtypes in terms of surgical nuances, intraoperative findings, and postoperative outcomes. The authors describe their experience with a select subtype of craniopharyngioma arising within the sella subjacent to the diaphragma sellae and refer to these tumors as type 0.METHODSAfter obtaining IRB approval, three institutions retrospectively reviewed their data collected from 2005 to 2017. Patients eligible for inclusion in the study were those who had tumors that originated from the sella inferior to the diaphragma sellae. Demographic, clinical, radiological, surgical, and follow-up data were examined and analyzed.RESULTSTwenty-eight patients (average age 19.3 years, range 3–60 years) were included in this study. Sixteen patients (57%) were younger than 18 years of age. All patients had characteristic imaging features of an expanded sella. Seventy-five percent of the patients presented with some form of visual field deficit (89% had radiographic optic apparatus compression) and 39% with hypopituitarism. The average maximal tumor diameter in the axial, coronal, or sagittal plane was 3.1 cm. Gross-total resection was achieved in 82% of the patients. Twenty-one percent of patients experienced an iatrogenic complication, and there were only two cases (7%) of postoperative cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage. Only two patients (7%) required the use of a nasoseptal flap as part of their original reconstruction. Pathology was uniformly the adamantinomatous subtype. Postoperative objective visual outcomes were improved in 71% of the patients with visual symptoms or visual field deficits on presentation and stable in 24%. Mean follow-up was 45.1 months (range 3–120 months) with an 18% recurrence rate at a mean of 44.4 months (range 10–84 months). One patient was lost to follow-up. Thirty-six percent of patients received postoperative radiation to treat recurrence or residual tumor. Endocrine data are also presented.CONCLUSIONSCraniopharyngiomas that originate within the sella below the diaphragma sellae are a select subtype characterized by 1) an enlarged sella, 2) an intact diaphragma sellae at surgery, and 3) an adamantinomatous pathology. These tumors can be treated transnasally without the absolute need for neurovascular flap reconstruction, as there is a low risk of CSF leakage.
Endoscope- versus microscope-integrated near-infrared indocyanine green videoangiography in aneurysm surgery
Authors: Fischer Gerrit , Rediker Jana , Oertel Joachim 
Published: November 2018

OBJECTIVEThe quality of surgical treatment of intracranial aneurysms is determined by complete aneurysm occlusion while preserving blood flow in the parent, branching, and perforating arteries. For a few years, there has been a nearly noninvasive and cost-effective technique for intraoperative flow evaluation: microscope-integrated indocyanine green videoangiography (mICG-VA). This method allows for real-time information about blood flow in the aneurysm and the involved vessels, but its limitations are seen in the evaluation of structures located in the depth of the surgical field, especially through small craniotomies. To compensate for these drawbacks, an endoscope-integrated ICG-VA (eICG-VA) was developed. The objective of the present study was to assess the use of eICG-VA in comparison with mICG-VA for intraoperative blood flow evaluation.METHODSIn the period between January 2011 and January 2015, 216 patients with a total of 248 intracranial saccular aneurysms were surgically treated in the Department of Neurosurgery of Saarland University Medical Center in Homburg/Saar, Germany. During 95 surgeries in 88 patients with a total of 108 aneurysms, intraoperative evaluation was performed with both eICG-VA and mICG-VA. After clipping, evaluation of complete aneurysm occlusion and flow in the parent, branching, and perforating arteries was performed using both methods. Intraoperative applicability of each technique was compared with the other and with postoperative digital subtraction angiography as a standard evaluation technique.RESULTSEvaluation of completeness of aneurysm occlusion and of flow in the parent, branching, and perforating arteries was more successful with eICG-VA than with mICG-VA, especially for aneurysm neck assessment (88.9% vs 69.4%). For 63.9% of the aneurysms (n = 69), both methods were equivalent, but in 30.6% of the cases (n = 33), the eICG-VA provided better results for evaluating the post-clipping situation. In 4.6% of these aneurysms (n = 5), the information given by the additional endoscope considerably changed the surgical procedure. Thus, one residual aneurysm (0.9%), two neck remnants (1.9%), and two branch occlusions (1.9%) could be prevented. Nevertheless, two incomplete aneurysm occlusions (1.9%) and six neck remnants (5.6%) were revealed by postoperative digital subtraction angiography.CONCLUSIONSEndoscope-integrated ICG-VA seems to be an improvement that might increase the quality of aneurysm surgery by providing additional information. It offers higher illumination, magnification, and an extended viewing angle. Its main advantage is its ability to assess deep-seated aneurysms, especially through small craniotomies, but further studies are required.
Outcomes and prognostic stratification of patients with recurrent glioblastoma treated with salvage stereotactic radiosurgery
Authors: Sharma Mayur , Schroeder Jason L. , Elson Paul , Meola Antonio , Barnett Gene H. , Vogelbaum Michael A. , Suh John H. , Chao Samuel T. , Mohammadi Alireza M. , Stevens Glen H. J. , Murphy Erin S. , Angelov Lilyana 
Published: November 2018

OBJECTIVEGlioblastoma (GBM) is the most malignant form of astrocytoma. The average survival is 6–10 months in patients with recurrent GBM (rGBM). In this study, the authors evaluated the role of stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) in patients with rGBMs.METHODSThe authors performed a retrospective review of their brain tumor database (1997–2016). Overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) after salvage SRS were the primary endpoints evaluated. Response to SRS was assessed using volumetric MR images.RESULTSFifty-three patients with rGBM underwent salvage SRS targeting 75 lesions. The median tumor diameter and volume were 2.55 cm and 3.80 cm3, respectively. The median prescription dose was 18 Gy (range 12–24 Gy) and the homogeneity index was 1.90 (range 1.11–2.02). The median OS after salvage SRS was estimated to be 11.0 months (95% CI 7.1–12.2) and the median PFS after salvage SRS was 4.4 months (95% CI 3.7–5.0). A Karnofsky Performance Scale score ≥ 80 was independently associated with longer OS, while small tumor volume (< 15 cm3) and less homogeneous treatment plans (homogeneity index > 1.75) were both independently associated with longer OS (p = 0.007 and 0.03) and PFS (p = 0.01 and 0.002, respectively). Based on these factors, 2 prognostic groups were identified for PFS (5.4 vs 3.2 months), while 3 were identified for OS (median OS of 15.2 vs 10.5 vs 5.2 months).CONCLUSIONSSRS is associated with longer OS and/or PFS in patients with good performance status, small-volume tumor recurrences, and heterogeneous treatment plans. The authors propose a prognostic model to identify a cohort of rGBM patients who may benefit from SRS.
Postoperative cerebral venous sinus thrombosis in the setting of surgery adjacent to the major dural venous sinuses
Authors: Benjamin Carolina Gesteira , Sen Rajeev D. , Golfinos John G. , Sen Chandra , Roland J. Thomas , McMenomey Sean , Pacione Donato 
Published: November 2018

OBJECTIVECerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) is a known complication of surgeries near the major dural venous sinuses. While the majority of CVSTs are asymptomatic, severe sinus thromboses can have devastating consequences. The objective of this study was to prospectively evaluate the true incidence and risk factors associated with postoperative CVST and comment on management strategies.METHODSA prospective study of 74 patients who underwent a retrosigmoid, translabyrinthine, or suboccipital approach for posterior fossa tumors, or a supratentorial craniotomy for parasagittal/falcine tumors, was performed. All patients underwent pre- and postoperative imaging to evaluate sinus patency. Demographic, clinical, and operative data were collected. Statistical analysis was performed to identify incidence and risk factors.RESULTSTwenty-four (32.4%) of 74 patients had postoperative MR venograms confirming CVST, and all were asymptomatic. No risk factors, including age (p = 0.352), BMI (p = 0.454), sex (p = 0.955), surgical approach (p = 0.909), length of surgery (p = 0.785), fluid balance (p = 0.943), mannitol use (p = 0.136), tumor type (p = 0.46, p = 0.321), or extent of resection (p = 0.253), were statistically correlated with thrombosis. All patients were treated conservatively, with only 1 patient receiving intravenous fluids. There were no instances of venous infarctions, hemorrhages, or neurological deficits. The rate of CSF leakage was significantly higher in the thrombosis group than in the nonthrombosis group (p = 0.01).CONCLUSIONSThis prospective study shows that the radiographic incidence of postoperative CVST is higher than that previously reported in retrospective studies. In the absence of symptoms, these thromboses can be treated conservatively. While no risk factors were identified, there may be an association between postoperative CVST and CSF leak.
Does eloquence subtype influence outcome following arteriovenous malformation surgery?
Authors: Mascitelli Justin R. , Yoon Seungwon , Cole Tyler S. , Kim Helen , Lawton Michael T. 
Published: November 2018

OBJECTIVEAlthough numerous arteriovenous malformation (AVM) grading scales consider eloquence in risk assessment, none differentiate the types of eloquence. The purpose of this study was to determine if eloquence subtype affects clinical outcome.METHODSThis is a retrospective review of a prospectively collected clinical database of brain AVMs treated with microsurgery in the period from 1997 to 2017. The only inclusion criterion for this study was the presence of eloquence as defined by the Spetzler-Martin grading scale. Eloquence was preoperatively categorized by radiologists. Poor outcome was defined as a modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score 3–6, and worsening clinical status was defined as an increase in the mRS score at follow-up. Logistic regression analyses were performed.RESULTSTwo hundred forty-one patients (49.4% female; average age 33.9 years) with eloquent brain AVMs were included in this review. Of the AVMs (average size 2.7 cm), 54.4% presented with hemorrhage, 46.2% had deep venous drainage, and 17.0% were diffuse. The most common eloquence type was sensorimotor (46.1%), followed by visual (27.0%) and language (22.0%). Treatments included microsurgery alone (32.8%), microsurgery plus embolization (51.9%), microsurgery plus radiosurgery (7.9%), and all three modalities (7.5%). Motor mapping was used in 9% of sensorimotor AVM cases, and awake speech mapping was used in 13.2% of AVMs with language eloquence. Complications occurred in 24 patients (10%). At the last follow-up (average 24 months), 71.4% of the patients were unchanged or improved and 16.6% had a poor outcome. There was no statistically significant difference in the baseline patient and AVM characteristics among the different subtypes of eloquence. In a multivariate analysis, in comparison to visual eloquence, both sensorimotor (OR 7.4, p = 0.004) and language (OR 6.5, p = 0.015) eloquence were associated with poor outcomes. Additionally, older age (OR 1.31, p = 0.016) and larger AVM size (OR 1.37, p = 0.034) were associated with poor outcomes.CONCLUSIONSUnlike visual eloquence, sensorimotor and language eloquence were associated with worse clinical outcomes after the resection of eloquent AVMs. This nuance in AVM eloquence demands consideration before deciding on microsurgical intervention, especially when numerical grading systems produce a score near the borderline between operative and nonoperative management.
Harvey Cushing’s craniopharyngioma treatment: Part 1. Identification and clinicopathological characterization of this challenging pituitary tumor
Authors: Pascual José María , Prieto Ruth , Barrios Laura 
Published: November 2018

OBJECTIVEHarvey Cushing (1869–1939) coined the term “craniopharyngioma” (CP) in 1929 to describe a kaleidoscopic group of epithelial tumors involving the hypothalamic-pituitary axis. Throughout his career, he endured a long struggle to accurately diagnose and safely remove these complex lesions, and his resulting surgical series has never before been analyzed in depth. The authors here conduct such an analysis.METHODSIn this study, the authors retrospectively examined the CP patient records available in the Cushing Brain Tumor Registry, as well as those CP cases reported by Cushing in medical monographs and scientific reports.RESULTSCushing’s CP series comprises a total of 124 tumors (CP124) compatible with a CP diagnosis. Among this series are 92 cases that could be pathologically verified (CP92). This subcohort showed a bimodal age distribution (41% aged ≤ 19 years old) and a balanced sex distribution. Clinical evolution up to diagnosis was longer than 3 years in half of the patients. Typical symptoms found at diagnosis were severe headache (94%), visual deficits (97%), panhypopituitarism (76%), psychiatric disturbances (47%), and abnormal somnolence (47%). The highest rate of endocrine deficits occurred in patients younger than 19 years of age (p < 0.001), whereas hypothalamic disturbances were observed mainly in adults between 30 and 49 years (p = 0.02). Hydrocephalus was present in 63% of the patients, predominantly involving the younger subgroup (p < 0.001). Preoperative diagnosis was based on clinical signs, funduscopic exams, and skull radiographs, the latter study showing suprasellar calcifications in 64% of cases. The majority of tumors (61%) had developed within the third ventricle (3V) or had invaded it. The adamantinomatous histological variant was the predominant one (73%). Squamous-papillary CPs occurred only in adults older than 40 years of age (p < 0.001). Strong CP adherences to the hypothalamus were demonstrated in 63% of cases. The infundibulo-tuberal and sellar/suprasellar–3V CP topographies were associated with the highest rates of hypothalamic dysfunction before surgery (p < 0.001), surgical hypothalamic injury (p < 0.001), and severe postoperative morbidity and/or mortality (p = 0.009). Both topographies showed the strongest adherences to the hypothalamus and 3V (p < 0.001).CONCLUSIONSCushing’s CP series comprises severely ill patients with tumors in the late stages of progression, with a high rate of tumors developing primarily within the hypothalamus (infundibulo-tuberal CPs) or invading this structure from the sellar/suprasellar regions. Craniopharyngioma topography was the fundamental variable influencing the clinical manifestations, tumor features, and patient outcomes in this series.
Circumferential wall enhancement in evolving intracranial aneurysms on magnetic resonance vessel wall imaging
Authors: Omodaka Shunsuke , Endo Hidenori , Niizuma Kuniyasu , Fujimura Miki , Inoue Takashi , Endo Toshiki , Sato Kenichi , Sugiyama Shin-ichiro , Tominaga Teiji 
Published: November 2018

OBJECTIVERecent MR vessel wall imaging studies have indicated intracranial aneurysms in the active state could show circumferential enhancement along the aneurysm wall (CEAW). While ruptured aneurysms frequently show CEAW, CEAW in unruptured aneurysms at the evolving state (i.e., growing or symptomatic) has not been studied in detail. The authors quantitatively assessed the degree of CEAW in evolving unruptured aneurysms by comparing it separately to that in stable unruptured and ruptured aneurysms.METHODSA quantitative analysis of CEAW was performed in 26 consecutive evolving aneurysms using MR vessel wall imaging. Three-dimensional T1-weighted fast spin echo sequences were obtained before and after contrast media injection, and the contrast ratio of the aneurysm wall against the pituitary stalk (CRstalk) was calculated as the indicator of CEAW. Aneurysm characteristics of evolving aneurysms were compared with those of 69 stable unruptured and 67 ruptured aneurysms.RESULTSThe CRstalk values in evolving aneurysms were significantly higher than those in stable aneurysms (0.54 vs 0.34, p < 0.0001), and lower than those in ruptured aneurysms (0.54 vs 0.83, p < 0.0002). In multivariable analysis, CRstalk remained significant when comparing evolving with stable aneurysms (odds ratio [OR] 12.23, 95% confidence interval [CI] 3.53–42.41), and with ruptured aneurysms (OR 0.083, 95% CI 0.022–0.310).CONCLUSIONSThe CEAW in evolving aneurysms was higher than those in stable aneurysms, and lower than those in ruptured aneurysms. The degree of CEAW may indicate the process leading to rupture of intracranial aneurysms, which can be useful additional information to determine an indication for surgical treatment of unruptured aneurysms.