bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Supporting Young Artists in Making Connections: Moving from Mere Recognition to Perceptive Art Experiences
Authors: Richards Rosemary Doris 
Published: February 2018

AbstractFour young Australian children participated in research in which they shared their photographs and narratives of art experiences in their homes, early childhood centre and school. Drawing on Dewey's theories on art as experience, this article analyses some of the ways these 4‐ and 5‐year‐old children enjoyed satisfying art experiences, primarily in their homes, that moved them beyond mere recognition of their physical and graphic worlds to deeper perceptions that connected ideas, emotions, art media and people. Acknowledging and responding to children's perspectives on art experiences prompts pedagogical recommendations including provision of art experiences around children's personally relevant inquiries; introducing new stimuli that build rather than disrupt their explorations; providing children with a sense of purpose and audience for their art and supporting children's agency with regards to accessing art materials and ongoing projects. How structured time promotes or constrains perceptive and satisfying art experiences warrants consideration, as does the promotion of supportive and responsive interpersonal relationships between children and adults.
Irish persons with intellectual disability moving from family care to residential accommodation in a period of austerity
Authors: McConkey Roy , Kelly Fionnola , Craig Sarah , Keogh Fiona 
Published: February 2018

BackgroundIreland has a growing population of adult persons living with family carers, thereby increasing the demand for residential places. Simultaneously, government policy aimed to reprovision residents living in congregated settings but at a time when funding was curtailed due to the economic crisis. This study examines the movements of people into and among three types of residential options between 2009 and 2014.MethodA cohort of 20,163 persons recorded on the National Intellectual Disability Database in 2009 was identified and tracked to the 2014 database.ResultsAn estimated 200 persons per annum (@1.6% of those living with families) moved from family care although the number of places available nationally fell by 9%. Moreover, transfers of existing residents into vacated places tended to exceed those from families.ConclusionsMore people will have to continue living with their families and for longer if funding for new places remains curtailed.
A review of measures used in the screening, assessment and diagnosis of dementia in people with an intellectual disability
Authors: McKenzie Karen , Metcalfe Dale , Murray George 
Published: February 2018

BackgroundThe increasing number of individuals with an intellectual disability who are at risk of developing dementia highlights the need to use measures with strong psychometric properties as part of the screening, assessment and diagnostic process.MethodSearches were made of clinical and good practice guidelines and English language journal articles sourced from Proquest, Web of Science and Scopus databases (up to July 2017) for tools which were designed or adapted for the purpose of helping to diagnose dementia in people with intellectual disability.ResultsBased on a detailed review of 81 articles and guidelines, the present authors identified 22 relevant tools (12 cognitive, 10 behaviour). These were reviewed in terms of their psychometric properties.ConclusionsA number of tools were found to be available for use with people with intellectual disability; however, few were specifically standardized for this purpose which also had comprehensive information about reliability and validity.
Do people turn to visible reminders of group identity under stress?
Authors: Greenaway Katharine H. , Aknin Lara B. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractHow do people cope with stress? Research suggests that people have a number of strategies, including turning to the groups to which they belong, increasing feelings of identification and affiliation. We examine a novel extension of this strategy: adopting visible reminders of one's group identity. In two experiments (Ns = 103 and 194), we explore whether students are more likely to use an artifact that displays their university identity in situations of high, compared to low, evaluative stress. In Experiment 1, students were more likely to choose a university‐branded pen (vs. an identical unbranded pen) to complete exam questions when their performance would be evaluated versus not. In Experiment 2, we found the tendency to use a university‐branded pen in the face of evaluative stress emerged only among people who found the evaluation personally relevant. In addition, we present converging results from two observational studies suggesting that students are more likely to wear clothing that signals their university identity on exam days compared to control days. These findings suggest that people may turn to visible reminders of group membership when facing evaluative stress. Although we found no consistent evidence for a psychological mechanism underlying this effect, we speculate about theoretically relevant possibilities.
Lipopolysaccharide enhances TGF‐β1 signalling pathway and rat pancreatic fibrosis
Authors: Sun Li , Xiu Ming , Wang Shuhua , Brigstock David R. , Li Hongyan , Qu Limei , Gao Runping 
Published: February 2018

AbstractPancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) play a critical role in fibrogenesis during alcoholic chronic pancreatitis (ACP). Transforming growth factor‐beta1 (TGF‐β1) is a key regulator of extracellular matrix production and PSC activation. Endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS) has been recognized as a trigger factor in the pathogenesis of ACP. This study aimed to investigate the mechanisms by which LPS modulates TGF‐β1 signalling and pancreatic fibrosis. Sprague‐Dawley rats fed with a Lieber‐DeCarli alcohol (ALC) liquid diet for 10 weeks with or without LPS challenge during the last 3 weeks. In vitro studies were performed using rat macrophages (Mφs) and PSCs (RP‐2 cell line). The results showed that repeated LPS challenge resulted in significantly more collagen production and PSC activation compared to rats fed with ALC alone. LPS administration caused overexpression of pancreatic TLR4 or TGF‐β1 which was paralleled by an increased number of TLR4‐positive or TGF‐β1‐positive Mφs or PSCs in ALC‐fed rats. In vitro, TLR4 or TGF‐β1 production in Mφs or RP‐2 cells was up‐regulated by LPS. LPS alone or in combination with TGF‐β1 significantly increased type I collagen and α‐SMA production and Smad2 and 3 phosphorylation in serum‐starved RP‐2 cells. TGF‐β pseudoreceptor BAMBI production was repressed by LPS, which was antagonized by Si‐TLR4 RNA or by inhibitors of MyD88/NF‐kB. Additionally, knockdown of Bambi with Si‐Bambi RNA significantly increased TGF‐β1 signalling in RP‐2 cells. These findings indicate that LPS increases TGF‐β1 production through paracrine and autocrine mechanisms and that LPS enhances TGF‐β1 signalling in PSCs by repressing BAMBI via TLR4/MyD88/NF‐kB activation.
Efficacy of the 6‐mm fully covered self‐expandable metal stent during endoscopic ultrasound‐guided hepaticogastrostomy as a primary biliary drainage for the cases estimated difficult endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography: A prospective clinical study
Authors: Okuno Nozomi , Hara Kazuo , Mizuno Nobumasa , Kuwahara Takamichi , Iwaya Hiromichi , Ito Ayako , Kuraoka Naosuke , Matsumoto Shimpei , Polmanee Petcharee , Niwa Yasumasa 
Published: February 2018

AbstractBackground and AimEndoscopic ultrasound‐guided hepaticogastrostomy (EUS‐HGS) is performed as an alternative to the percutaneous or surgical approach. Despite high success rates, the adverse events rate is high. Recently, we used 6‐mm fully covered self‐expandable metal stents to prevent adverse events and allow easy re‐intervention. The purposes were to evaluate the safety, feasibility, and clinical efficacy.MethodsA prospective study to confirm the safety of EUS‐HGS was carried out in six patients, followed by a trial to evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of EUS‐HGS in approximately 12 additional patients. We permitted a total of 18 to 20 patients in consideration of possibility such as the deviation after providing informed consent.ResultsTwenty patients underwent EUS‐HGS. No treatment‐related adverse events described in the safety assessment criteria were seen. The technical and clinical success rates were 100% and 95%. The adverse event rate was 15%. Focal cholangitis was seen in two patients and fever in one patient. All cases were treated conservatively. Stent dysfunction was seen in 10 patients. The causes of stent dysfunction were biliary sludge (n = 6) and stent dislocation (n = 4). In nine cases, a new stent was easily inserted. Percutaneous drainage was selected in only one patient because of worsening general condition.ConclusionsThe 6‐mm fully covered self‐expandable metal stent is safe and effective, especially for avoiding serious adverse events and allowing easy re‐intervention. (UMIN000006785)
Development of a fibrosis index including hepatitis B virus basal core promoter A1762T mutation for pretherapeutic evaluation
Authors: Yeh Christopher Sung‐Huan , Hsu Chao‐Wei , Liang Kung‐Hao , Chen Yi‐Cheng , Lin Chih‐Lang , Chien Rong‐Nan , Hu Tsung‐Hui , Lin Wey‐Ran , Lai Ming‐Wei , Chu Yu‐De , Yeh Chau‐Ting 
Published: February 2018

AbstractBackground and AimCommonly used non‐invasive fibrosis scores usually included serum transaminase levels in the equations, including Aspartate transaminase to Platelet Ratio Index (APRI) and fibrosis‐4 (FIB‐4). Transaminases fluctuated significantly in chronic hepatitis B patients with exacerbations, leading to unsteady score values. As such, here, we aim to develop a transaminase‐free score suitable for pretherapeutic evaluation of fibrosis stages.MethodsFirstly, 1082 treatment‐naïve chronic hepatitis B patients were enrolled and divided into modeling (n = 541) and verification (n = 541) cohorts. Secondly, 265 patients having received liver biopsy, with known Ishak fibrosis stages, were included for independent correlation.ResultsCross‐sectional analysis of 1082 patients revealed age‐dependent variation of association between virological factors and cirrhosis. A fibrosis score including Anti‐hepatitis B e antibody, Basal core promoter (BCP) A1762T mutation, and Platelet count Index (named ABPI) was derived from the modeling cohort. ABPI performed better than APRI and FIB‐4 in the verification cohort for identifying cirrhotic patients (comparison of area under the receiver operating characteristic curves: ABPI vs APRI and FIB‐4 = 0.785 vs 0.563 [P < 0.001] and 0.700 [P = 0.026], respectively). The performance of ABPI was even better in young (< 40 years old) hepatitis B patients (area under the receiver operating characteristic curves: 0.856 vs 0.402 [P < 0.001] and 0.599 [P = 0.009], respectively). Finally, in the independent cohort of 265 patients with known Ishak fibrosis stages, it was found that ABPI effectively distinguished between Ishak fibrosis stages 3 and > 3 and between 4 and > 4 (P < 0.001 for each).ConclusionsWe developed a transaminase‐free fibrosis score (ABPI) utilizing basal core promoter A1762T data, which outperformed APRI and FIB‐4.
Mitochondrial dysfunction in human skeletal muscle biopsies of lipid storage disorder
Authors: Debashree Bandopadhyay , Kumar Manish , Keshava Prasad Thottethodi Subrahmanya , Natarajan Archana , Christopher Rita , Nalini Atchayaram , Bindu Parayil Sankaran , Gayathri Narayanappa , Srinivas Bharath Muchukunte Mukunda 
Published: February 2018

AbstractMitochondria regulate the balance between lipid metabolism and storage in the skeletal muscle. Altered lipid transport, metabolism and storage influence the bioenergetics, redox status and insulin signalling, contributing to cardiac and neurological diseases. Lipid storage disorders (LSDs) are neurological disorders which entail intramuscular lipid accumulation and impaired mitochondrial bioenergetics in the skeletal muscle causing progressive myopathy with muscle weakness. However, the mitochondrial changes including molecular events associated with impaired lipid storage have not been completely understood in the human skeletal muscle. We carried out morphological and biochemical analysis of mitochondrial function in muscle biopsies of human subjects with LSDs (n = 7), compared to controls (n = 10). Routine histology, enzyme histochemistry and ultrastructural analysis indicated altered muscle cell morphology and mitochondrial structure. Protein profiling of the muscle mitochondria from LSD samples (n = 5) (vs. control, n = 5) by high‐throughput mass spectrometric analysis revealed that impaired metabolic processes could contribute to mitochondrial dysfunction and ensuing myopathy in LSDs. We propose that impaired fatty acid and respiratory metabolism along with increased membrane permeability, elevated lipolysis and altered cristae entail mitochondrial dysfunction in LSDs. Some of these mechanisms were unique to LSD apart from others that were common to dystrophic and inflammatory muscle pathologies. Many differentially regulated mitochondrial proteins in LSD are linked with other human diseases, indicating that mitochondrial protection via targeted drugs could be a treatment modality in LSD and related metabolic diseases.
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Cover Image for this Issue: doi: 10.1111/jnc.14177.
Activation patterns of vasopressinergic and oxytocinergic brain regions following social play exposure in juvenile male and female rats
Authors: Reppucci C. J. , Gergely C. K. , Veenema A. H. 
Published: February 2018

Social play is a highly rewarding and motivated behaviour predominately displayed by juveniles and expressed by nearly all mammalian species. Prior work suggested that the vasopressin (AVP) and oxytocin (OT) systems can regulate the expression of social play in sex‐specific ways. In the present study, we investigated whether there are sex differences in the recruitment of vasopressinergic and oxytocinergic brain regions following social play exposure in juvenile rats. Single‐housed rats were allowed to play, in their home cage, with an age‐ and sex‐matched unfamiliar conspecific for 10 minutes, or received similar handling but no partner. Double‐labelled fluorescence immunohistochemistry for Fos and either AVP or OT was completed in adjacent series of tissues to determine recruitment of AVP‐ and OT‐immunoreactive neurones in response to social play. Exposure to social play did not increase recruitment of AVP or OT neurones in the supraoptic (SO) or paraventricular hypothalamic nuclei of either sex compared to the no‐play control condition. Interestingly, there was a robust sex difference in SO recruitment, irrespective of social play condition, with males exhibiting twice the recruitment of SO‐AVP and SO‐OT neurones compared to females. Lastly, exposure to social play increased recruitment of the posterior bed nuclei of the stria terminalis (pBST) and the posterodorsal medial amygdalar nucleus (MEApd) compared to the no‐play control condition, and this effect was most pronounced in females. Our findings revealed sex differences in the recruitment of brain regions (i) independent of play condition (ie, SO) possibly representing a sex difference in the baseline levels of AVP and OT signalling required for typical functioning and (ii) specific to play condition (ie, pBST, MEApd). In sum, the present study provides further evidence that the neural substrates underlying social play behaviour are sex‐specific.
Virtue and the Good Life in the Early Confucian Tradition
Authors: Back Youngsun 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThis essay examines the role of virtue and the status of non‐moral goods in conceptions of the good human life through an exploration of the thought of Confucius and Mencius. Both Confucius and Mencius lived in quite similar worlds, but their conceptualizations of the world differed from each another. This difference led them to hold different views on the role of virtue and the status of non‐moral goods. On the one hand, Confucius highlighted the self‐sufficiency of virtue, but he acknowledged and appreciated the intrinsic and instrumental value of non‐moral goods. On the other hand, while Mencius underscored the role of virtue as the best means to the best ends, he tried to depreciate the value of non‐moral goods. As a consequence, even though their conceptions of the good life were essentially predicated on virtue, they parted company concerning the status of non‐moral goods in human life.
The Uncanny Self in Love: Divorced Catholic Women Remember Abortion in Romania
Authors: Loustau Marc Roscoe 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThis essay presents an ethnographic account of two divorced Catholic women's memories of praying to the Virgin Mary while seeking illegal abortions under the Romanian socialist regime. These women's stories focused on troubling memories of being in love, reflections that were retrospectively shaped by divorce. Drawing on Sigmund Freud's notion of the uncanny, I call these recollections uncanny memories of the self in love. Uncannily remembering one's self in love combines experiential self‐examination and ethical assessment of actions. The notion of the uncanny self in love thus helps bridge the divide between experience‐ and action‐oriented approaches to lived ethics. I argue that the ethical significance of the Virgin Mary's actions depended on my acquaintances’ approach to love. For one woman seeking to stay estranged from her ex‐husband, the Virgin Mary's actions accentuated his ethical immaturity. My other acquaintance harbored more ambivalent feelings toward her ex‐husband; for her, talking about the Virgin Mary helped her relativize feelings of ethical indignation. As a core implication of this argument, I urge greater awareness of the problematic tendency to include the need for greater awareness of tendencies in theories of lived ethics to reify socially situated perspectives on love.
Debate, Prophecy, and Revolution: Notes on Cathleen Kaveny's Prophecy Without Contempt
Authors: Hart William David 
Published: February 2018

AbstractIn Prophecy without Contempt, Cathleen Kaveny argues that prevailing scholarly approaches to religious and public discourse misunderstand the actual complexity of moral rhetoric in America. She endeavors to provide a better account through study of the role the Puritan jeremiad has played. Kaveny then offers a normative case for deliberative public moral discourse and the limited exercise of prophetic denunciation. I argue that Kaveny's distinction between deliberation and prophetic denunciation is overdrawn. They are ideal types that elide other rhetorical forms. Moreover, both deliberative discourse and prophetic denunciation assume a social contract or shared tradition. Healthy moral discourse requires revolutionary rhetoric to interrogate and break traditions that are themselves morally compromised.
What Does a Prophet Know?
Authors: Kavka Martin 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThis essay on Cathleen Kaveny's Prophecy Without Contempt (2016) challenges her argument from two opposing sides. First, it critiques all jeremiads. It asks how a person uttering prophetic indictments, whether in the form of a classical jeremiad or the more moderate form that Kaveny argues for, can possibly know of what she speaks, given the otherness of God. Second, it calls for more jeremiads. It asks whether a person, whether religious or not, might indeed know enough to offer withering jeremiads, in those cases where she sees the target of her jeremiad making flagrantly incompatible commitments.
Perturbations have minor impacts on parasite dynamics and body condition of an endangered marsupial
Authors: Jones K. L. , Rafferty C. , Hing S. , Thompson R. C. A. , Godfrey S. S. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractWildlife populations are increasingly subjected to perturbations that can impact their health. Yet, research on the health of endangered species in the face of disturbance is rare. This study investigated the impact of reserve expansion and wildfire on parasitism and body condition in a critically endangered marsupial, the woylie (Bettongia penicillata). We expected parasite prevalence to change in response to perturbation‐induced changes in parasite abundance and host behaviour, depending on the transmission mode of the parasite. Similarly, we expected changes in resource availability associated with fire to impact body condition of hosts. Over 2 years, 999 captures were made of 136 woylies in Whiteman Park, a fenced reserve in Western Australia. Animals were assessed for body condition and the presence of ectoparasites, with blood and faeces collected for laboratory testing for haemo‐ and endoparasites. Generalized linear mixed models were used to determine what factors influenced parasitism and body condition. In the first 3 months post‐expansion, the percentage of woylies sheddingStrongyloides‐like nematode eggs increased, while strongyle‐like and oxyurid nematodes decreased, and ticks and trypanosomes were unaffected. Immediately after the fire, the proportion of woylies with ticks decreased and those with lice increased, though not significantly; low sample sizes limited our power. Body condition increased by 4 months post‐fire. We suggest the variable response of parasites to expansion is likely multi‐faceted and may relate to factors such as species‐specificity and environmental dispersal. Conversely, the response to fire was more consistent with our expectations. As both fire and reserve expansion are highly relevant perturbations for remaining woylie populations, it is encouraging that neither appeared to have significant negative impacts on woylie health. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study investigating changes in wildlife health parameters after reserve expansion.
Fostering Self‐Regulation of Students with Learning Disabilities: Insights from 30 Years of Reading Comprehension Intervention Research
Authors: Berkeley Sheri , Larsen Anna 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThirty years of intervention research on the effects of reading comprehension strategies for students with learning disabilities was reviewed in this quantitative synthesis. Specifically, researchers targeted studies that contained self‐regulated learning components. A systematic search yielded 18 studies from nine research journals that met specified inclusion criteria. Studies were evaluated for methodological quality and to identify types of instructional and self‐regulation components within interventions. Large effect sizes were found immediately after instruction and after a time delay, suggesting that instruction in reading comprehension strategies that contain self‐regulation components may have a long lasting impact on student performance. Implications for research and practice are discussed.