bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lactancia materna: factores que propician su abandono
Authors: Campiño Valderrama Sandra Milena , Duque Paula Andrea 
Published: July 2019

Objetivo: describir la características de la lactancia materna y los factores que propician su abandono en madres de niños pertenecientes a un municipio del departamento de Caldas-Colombia. Materiales y métodos: estudio cuantitativo de tipo descriptivo y de corte transversal realizado con una muestra al azar de 100 madres que asistieron con sus hijos a control de crecimiento y desarrollo en el hospital del municipio. Resultados: la lactancia materna exclusiva en el mes sexto mes mostró un porcentaje de cumplimiento de 4,8%. En cuanto a la lactancia materna total el 8% lactó a su hijo durante 1 mes, el 12% lo hizo hasta los 3 meses, el 14% hasta los 6 meses y el 65% hasta los 11 meses. El análisis de correspondencias múltiples mostró que las madres que lograron un mayor periodo de lactancia fueron aquellas que se encontraban en el grupo de adultos jóvenes y que vivían en unión libre. Los factores que se asociaron estadísticamente al abandono de la lactancia materna se relacionan con la no salida de suficiente leche (p=0,000), el bebe rechazaba el seno (p=0,001), el uso de biberón (p=0,002) y el reingreso laboral de la madre (p=0,035). Conclusiónes: existe la necesidad de fortalecer las líneas de acción a nivel político y gubernamental para favorecer las metas de lactancia en la primera infancia; así mismo, es importante abordar la población desde sus conductas previas, condicionantes personales, familiares y socioculturales para reducir los factores de abandono.
Dukungan Sosial dengan Kecemasan Pasien Stroke di Rumah Sakit Stroke Nasional Bukittinggi
Authors: Sari Febria Syafyu 
Published: July 2019

Stroke can affect the whole body such as paralysis, cognitive deficits, speech difficulties, emotional difficulties, pain, and problems in daily life. The recovery process in post-stroke patients take a long time and also require social support because they are not able to solve their own problems. Data WHO (2012) show every years as many 17 million cause of death in the world because of stroke. Anxiety is a feeling of fear that is not clear and is not supported by the situation. When we feel anxious, the individual feels uncomfortable, afraid or may have a bad feeling. Social support for the sufferers urgently needed as long as the sufferers still able to understand the meaning of that support as an advocate for live.This study aimed to determine the social support relation with anxienty stroke patient. This research is a Cross-Sectional with Accidental Sampling method. This research do at National Stroke Hospital Bukittinggi with 160 respondens. The statistical test used is Chi-Square. The result of statistical test showed a significant between the social support relation with anxiety stroke patient with p-value = 0,000 (α ≤ 0,05).The hospital is expected to urge the family to more actively in volve in caring for stroke patients and provide counseling to them in order to better understand the importance of any rehabilitation program recommended.
Cancer de la prostate : souffrir de sa guérison
Authors: Basier S. , Pheulpin M.-C. , Guillonneau B. 
Published: July 2019

Le diagnostic précoce du cancer de la prostate permet à des patients de choisir de vivre avec un cancer peu menaçant, via une surveillance active (SA) qui mène souvent à une chirurgie, dont les effets secondaires s’inscrivent dans une forme de chronicité, impactant vie quotidienne, image de soi et sexualité. Qu’implique sur le plan psychique de vivre avec un cancer non traité, mais surveillé ? Comment vivre après une intervention chirurgicale aux conséquences mutilantes, handicapantes, portant atteinte au narcissisme ?Objectif: Interroger les remaniements psychiques à l’œuvre chez des patients diagnostiqués d’un cancer de la prostate, opérés soit après plus d’un an de SA, soit sans délai.Méthode: Dans le cadre d’une recherche doctorale en cours, des entretiens semi-directifs sont proposés en préopératoire, six semaines après, puis six mois. Ces entretiens sont appuyés par des autoquestionnaires ainsi que des tests projectifs : le Rorschach et le TAT (Thematic Apperception Test).Résultats: Les patients opérés après avoir vécu une SA ont bénéficié d’une temporalité particulière au cours de laquelle la plupart d’entre eux ont pu accepter l’inacceptable et tolérer l’idée d’avoir un cancer et vivre avec. Si cette période permet à certains de se préparer à l’évolution de leur cancer et à son traitement par ablation, souvent synonyme de guérison, les effets secondaires de la chirurgie restent parfois très difficiles à vivre, surtout lorsqu’ils s’installent dans la durée et impactent le quotidien, constituant alors une nouvelle forme de chronicité. Vivre avec un « corps cancéreux » en SA n’est pas ici une épreuve physique où le corps est le siège de douleurs physiques et de fatigue, mais essentiellement une épreuve psychique. De façon paradoxale, le « corps guéri » subit des transformations en période postopératoire, des bouleversements qui touchent et atteignent l’image que l’homme a de lui-même.Conclusion: Compte tenu des progrès de la médecine dans le dépistage et le traitement curatif du cancer de la prostate, quels sont les enjeux actuels du dépistage précoce ? Peut-on réellement parler de guérison lorsque le vécu subjectif des patients va à l’encontre de la définition habituelle de ce terme ? La « guérison chronique » succéderait-elle à la « maladie chronique » ?
A educação permanente e as práticas em saúde: concepções de uma equipe multiprofissional
Authors: Lamante Márcia Parente Silva , Chirelli Mara Quaglio , Pio Danielle Abdel Massih , Tonhom Silvia Franco da Rocha , Capel Maria Cristina Martinez , Corrêa Maria Elizabeth Da Silva Hernandes 
Published: July 2019

Resumo: A Educação Permanente em Saúde (EPS) reconhece que é possível por meio de um processo reflexivo, o cuidado integral e humanizado. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar como uma estratégia de EPS mobilizou a prática da equipe multiprofissional em uma unidade hospitalar. Estudo qualitativo, composto por três etapas: dois grupos focais, realizados de forma prévia e posterior à intervenção subsidiada pelo Planejamento Estratégico Situacional. Utilizou-se como referencial metodológico, o Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo. Nos resultados verificou-se ganho de conhecimentos, novas habilidades e atitudes exploradas a partir da subjetividade dos encontros. Mudanças aconteceram com relação à identificação da potencialidade da EPS, seus alcances e efetividade como ferramenta de gestão e de construção de uma práxis. A organização desta proposta pode ser motivadora para a realização de EPS em outros espaços, por permitir a grupalidade e a cogestão de processos de trabalho.Palavras-chave: Educação Permanente em Saúde; Integralidade em saúde; Capacitação em Serviço; Planejamento em Saúde. Permanent education and the health practices: perceptions of the multiprofessional-teamAbstract: The Permanent Education in Health (PEH) recognizes that it is possible through a reflexive process, the integral and humanized care. The objective of this study was to analyze how a strategy of PEH mobilized the practice of the multiprofessional team in a hospital unit. Qualitative study, composed of three stages: two focus groups, carried out before and after the intervention subsidized by the Strategic Situational Planning. The Collective Subject Discourse was used as methodological reference. In the results it was verified gain of knowledge, new abilities and attitudes explored from the subjectivity of the meetings. Changes occurred in relation to the identification of the potentiality of EPS, its scope and effectiveness as a tool for management and construction of a praxis. The organization of this proposal can be motivating for the execution of EPS in other spaces, because it allows grouping and co-management of work processes.Keywords: Permanent Education in Health; Integrality in health; Training in Service; Health Planning.
Influence des messages électroniques sur l’activité physique aérobie personnelle et les performances en éducation physique et sportive
Authors: Robin Nicolas , Laurent Joris , Ruart Shelly 
Published: July 2019

Le but de cette étude était d’une part de déterminer si le recours à une stratégie d’envoi de « Short Message System » (SMS) pouvait augmenter l’Activité Physique Aérobie (APA) chez vingt-deux élèves de seconde afin qu’ils atteignent les recommandations de l’Organisation Mondiale de la Santé qui est de 60 minutes par jour d’activité ; d’autre part si cette stratégie avait une influence positive sur les performances dans une activité de course de durée en Education Physique et Sportive (EPS). Les résultats de cette étude mettent en évidence que recevoir un SMS le matin (6 fois par semaine pendant 3 semaines), invitant à réaliser une APA, augmente de façon significative la durée moyenne hebdomadaire d’APA (de loisir). De plus, une amélioration des temps de réalisation des 3 x 400 mètres (réalisés en début, milieu et fin d’un cycle de course de durée en EPS) est observée tout en étant supérieure lorsque les élèves reçoivent le SMS du matin que quand ils n’en ont pas reçu. L’utilisation des SMS est donc une stratégie efficace permettant de rendre les élèves plus actifs. Cette technique pourrait pleinement trouver sa place au sein d’un lycée dans le cadre d’un projet faisant un lien entre l’EPS, l’éducation à la santé et les Techniques de l’Information et de la Communication pour l’Enseignement.
Les situations émotionnellement marquantes en EPS : traits typiques et rôles dans le développement professionnel des enseignants novices
Authors: Descoeudres Magali , Méard Jacques 
Published: July 2019

Cette recherche vise à identifier les types de situations émotionnellement marquantes vécues par les enseignants novices (EN) d’éducation physique et sportive (EPS) en classe. Un questionnaire qualitatif (demandant de rapporter deux situations émotionnellement marquantes) a été documenté par 139 EN (N =278) et traité de façon inductive. Les résultats montrent que ces situations sont regroupées en 12 types. Les EN en EPS rapportent des situations conduisant pour deux tiers à des émotions négatives, en lien notamment avec la transgression de règles par les élèves, la gestion de cas d’élèves particuliers et celles impliquant l’intégrité physique d’un élève. La plupart des EN déclarent que ces situations ont favorisé leur développement professionnel. De plus, ils ont partagé ces situations avec leur tuteur, leurs collègues, mais aussi leurs amis et conjoints dans des proportions importantes. Ces résultats sont discutés avec des éléments de la littérature et d’un point de vue développemental.
IRF7 Is Involved in Both STING and MAVS Mediating IFN-β Signaling in IRF3-Lacking Chickens
Authors: Cheng Yuqiang , Zhu Wenxian , Ding Chan , Niu Qiaona , Wang Hengan , Yan Yaxian , Sun Jianhe 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
IFN regulatory factor (IRF) 3 has been identified as the most critical regulator of both RNA and DNA virus–induced IFN production in mammals. However, ambiguity exists in research on chicken IRFs; in particular IRF3 seems to be missing in chickens, making IFN regulation in chickens unclear. In this study, we comprehensively investigated the potential IFN-related IRFs in chickens and showed that IRF7 is the most critical IFN-β regulator in chickens. With a chicken IRF7 (chIRF7) knockout DF-1 cell line, we conducted a series of experiments to demonstrate that chIRF7 is involved in both chicken STING (chSTING)- and chicken MAVS (chMAVS)-mediated IFN-β regulation in response to DNA and RNA viral infections, respectively. We further examined the mechanisms of chIRF7 activation by chSTING. We found that chicken TBK1 (chTBK1) is indispensable for chIRF7 activation by chSTING as well as that chSTING interacts with both chIRF7 and chTBK1 to function as a scaffold in chIRF7 activation by chTBK1. More interestingly, we discovered that chSTING mediates the activation of chIRF7 through a conserved SLQxSyS motif. In short, we confirmed that although IRF3 is missing in chickens, they employ IRF7 to reconstitute corresponding IFN signaling to respond to both DNA and RNA viral infections. Additionally, we uncovered a mechanism of chIRF7 activation by chSTING. The results will enrich and deepen our understanding of the regulatory mechanisms of the chicken IFN system.
Distribution, habitat profile and genetic variability of Namibian succulent Lithops ruschiorum
Authors: Loots Sonja , Ritz Christiane M. , Schwager Michaela , Sehic Jasna , Herklotz Veit , Garkava-Gustavsson Larisa , Nybom Hilde E. 
Published: July 2019

Background: The species-rich flora of southern Africa comprises a high number of endemics, including succulents such as the flowering stones in the genus Lithops, but conservation status for these species is not well underpinned because detailed field data and assessments of genetic diversity are lacking.Objectives: We wanted to assess plant abundance and identify factors that may affect survival in Lithops ruschiorum through carefully conducted field surveys, and to determine amount and partitioning of genetic variation by amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) analysis.Method: Field surveys were carried out in nine populations in Namibia. The most meticulously studied population was divided into 51 sites, while another 43 sites were recognised in the remaining eight populations. At each site, occupied area and number of plants were recorded as well as altitude, aspect, slope, soil texture and substrate. Amplified fragment length polymorphism markers were employed to study 52 individuals from seven populations.Results: In total, 8465 individuals were recorded. Plant density and/or plant number was associated with aspect, slope, soil texture, substrate and geographic distance from the coast. Analysis of molecular variation showed that 95% of the variability occurs within populations. Genetic and geographic distances among populations were correlated suggesting an isolation-by-distance pattern.Conclusion: Results are concordant with a strong impact of fog-based precipitation on plant density in the coastal populations, whereas rain probably is more important at one population which is situated further inland. Within-population genetic variation was medium high as usually reported for perennial, outcrossing species, but the low population differentiation implies considerable gene flow and/or population fragmentation.
Using a modified DNDC biogeochemical model to optimize field management of a multi-crop (cotton, wheat, and maize) system: a site-scale case study in northern China
Authors: Zhang Wei , Liu Chunyan , Zheng Xunhua , Wang Kai , Cui Feng , Wang Rui , Li Siqi , Yao Zhisheng , Zhu Jiang 
Published: July 2019

Abstract. It is still a severe challenge to optimize the field management
practices for a multi-crop system when simultaneously aiming at yield
sustainability and minimum negative impacts on climate as well as
atmosphere and water quality. This site-scale case study was devoted to developing a
biogeochemical process model-based approach as a solution to this challenge.
The best management practices (BMPs) of a three-crop system growing cotton
and winter wheat–summer maize (W–M) in rotation, which is widely adopted in
northern China, were identified. The BMPs referred to the management
alternatives with the lowest negative impact potentials (NIPs) among the
scenarios satisfying all given constraints. The independent variables used to
determine the NIPs and those utilized as constrained criteria were simulated by the
DeNitrification-DeComposition model, which was modified in this study. Due to the
unsatisfactory performance of the model in daily simulations of nitric oxide
(NO) emission and net ecosystem exchange of carbon dioxide (NEE), the model
was modified to (i) newly parameterize the soil moisture effects
on NO production during nitrification, and (ii) replace the original NEE
calculation approach with an algorithm based on gross primary production.
Validation of the modified model showed statistically meaningful agreements
between the simulations and observations in the cotton and W–M fields. Three
BMP alternatives with overlapping uncertainties of simulated NIPs were
screened from 6000 management scenarios randomly generated by Latin
hypercube sampling. All of these BMP alternatives adopted the baseline
(currently applied) practices of crop rotation (3 consecutive years of
cotton rotating with 3 years of W–M in each 6-year cycle), the fraction of crop
residue incorporation (100 %), and deep tillage (30 cm) for cotton. At the
same time, these BMP alternatives would use 18 % less fertilizer nitrogen
and sprinkle or flood-irrigate ∼23 % less water than the
baseline while adopting reduced tillage (5 cm) for W–M. Compared with the
baseline practices, these BMP alternatives could simultaneously sustain crop
yields, annually enlarge the soil organic carbon stock by 4 ‰
or more, mitigate the aggregate emission of greenhouse gases, NO release,
ammonia volatilization, and nitrate leaching by ∼7 %,
∼25 %, ∼2 %, and ∼43 %,
respectively, despite a ∼5 % increase in N2O emission.
However, further study is still necessary for field confirmation of these
BMP alternatives. Nevertheless, this case study proposed a practical
approach to optimize multi-crop system management to simultaneously
achieve multiple United Nations Sustainable Development Goals.
Investigation of calmodulin‐like and rod domain mutations suggests common molecular mechanism for α‐actinin‐1‐linked congenital macrothrombocytopenia
Authors: O'Sullivan Leanne Rose , Ajaykumar Amarendra Praburam , Dembicka Kornelia Maria , Murphy Aidan , Grennan Eamonn Paul , Young Paul William 
Published: July 2019

Actinin‐1 mutations cause dominantly inherited congenital macrothrombocytopenia (CMTP), with mutations in the actin‐binding domain increasing actinin's affinity for F‐actin. In this study, we examined nine CMTP‐causing mutations in the calmodulin‐like and rod domains of actinin‐1. These mutations increase, to varying degrees, actinin's ability to bundle actin filaments in vitro. Mutations within the calmodulin‐like domain decrease its thermal stability slightly but do not dramatically affect calcium binding, with mutant proteins retaining calcium‐dependent regulation of filament bundling in vitro. The G764S and E769K mutations increase cytoskeletal association of actinin in cells, and all mutant proteins colocalize with F‐actin in cultured HeLa cells. Thus, CMTP‐causing actinin‐1 mutations outside the actin‐binding domain also increase actin association, suggesting a common molecular mechanism underlying actinin‐1 related CMTP.
Capturing the Onset of Bacterial Pulmonary Infection in Acini‐On‐Chips
Authors: Artzy‐Schnirman Arbel , Zidan Hikaia , Elias‐Kirma Shani , Ben‐Porat Lee , Tenenbaum‐Katan Janna , Carius Patrick , Fishler Ramy , Schneider‐Daum Nicole , Lehr Claus‐Michael , Sznitman Josué 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBacterial invasion of the respiratory system leads to complex immune responses. In the deep alveolar regions, the first line of defense includes foremost the alveolar epithelium, the surfactant‐rich liquid lining, and alveolar macrophages. Typical in vitro models come short of mimicking the complexity of the airway environment in the onset of airway infection; among others, they neither capture the relevant anatomical features nor the physiological flows innate of the acinar milieu. Here, novel microfluidic‐based acini‐on‐chips that mimic more closely the native acinar airways at a true scale with an anatomically inspired, multigeneration alveolated tree are presented and an inhalation‐like maneuver is delivered. Composed of human alveolar epithelial lentivirus immortalized cells and macrophages‐like human THP‐1 cells at an air–liquid interface, the models maintain critically an epithelial barrier with immune function. To demonstrate, the usability and versatility of the platforms, a realistic inhalation exposure assay mimicking bacterial infection is recapitulated, whereby the alveolar epithelium is exposed to lipopolysaccharides droplets directly aerosolized and the innate immune response is assessed by monitoring the secretion of IL8 cytokines. These efforts underscore the potential to deliver advanced in vitro biosystems that can provide new insights into drug screening as well as acute and subacute toxicity assays.
An Inverted Sandwich Electrochromic Device Architecture Does Not Require Optically Transparent Electrodes
Authors: Rozman Martin , Gaberšček Miran , Marolt Gregor , Bren Urban , Lukšič Miha 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAll currently known sandwich‐type electrochromic devices (ECDs) require at least one optically transparent electrode (OTE) for their operation. Here, it is demonstrated that this requirement is conceptually redundant. The so‐called inverted sandwich ECD architecture is introduced, with its principal components being: two solid optically nontransparent electrodes (high electrical conductivity material), an insulator that prevents a short‐circuit between the electrodes, and an electrochromic mixture applied on a solid carrier. The modus operandi of the present proof‐of‐concept solution‐phase double‐sided ECD is a reversible color change of the indicator dye caused by the variations in pH of the water‐based electrolyte solution due to electrolysis. Application of the inverted sandwich topology to make electrochromic tapes is given.
Regio‐ and Stereoselective Synthesis of Enynyl‐Aryl Ethers Enabled by Copper/Iodide Tandem Catalysis
Authors: Wu Yun‐Bin , Xiao Lin , Mao Chun‐Li , Zang Zhong‐Lin , Zhou Cheng‐He , Cai Gui‐Xin 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAn approach to preparing enynyl‐aryl ethers from phenols and phenylacetylenes is described. This method without extra ligands, overcoming the favored Glaser‐Hay dimerization of alkyne, features a wide substrate scope (38 examples including endofolliculina and indole) and the merits of high atom and step economy, good regio‐ and stereoselectivity (Z‐isomers major) in moderate to good isolated yields. Mechanistic studies show that the reaction is enabled by distinctive copper/iodide tandem catalysis.magnified image
Enantioselective Synthesis of Alkyl Azaarenes
Authors: Meazza Marta , Rios Ramon 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThis Minireview covers reports on the enantioselective synthesis of alkyl azaarenes since 2014. It deals with the latest achievements on the reactivity of alkyl azaarenes aiming at the preparation of more complex azaarenes containing chiral centers. They rely on the activating properties of the nitrogen atom when opportunely coordinated with a metal complex or Brønsted acid and possibly containing chiral ligands. In addition, conveniently located electron‐withdrawing activating functional groups help increase the reactivity of the azaarenes. The same concepts operate in the case of vinyl azaarenes.
Flexible Graphene‐, Graphene‐Oxide‐, and Carbon‐Nanotube‐Based Supercapacitors and Batteries
Authors: Zhang Runzhi , Palumbo Anthony , Kim Jae Chul , Ding Junjun , Yang Eui‐Hyeok 
Published: July 2019

AbstractFlexible energy‐storage devices increasingly attract attention owing to their advantages of providing lightweight, portable, wearable, or implantable capabilities. Many efforts are made to explore the structures and fabrication processes of flexible energy‐storage devices for commercialization. Here, the most recent advances in flexible energy‐storage devices based on graphene, graphene oxide (GO), and carbon nanotubes (CNTs), are described, including flexible supercapacitors and batteries. First, properties, synthesis methods, and possible applications of those carbon‐based materials are described. Then, the development of carbon‐nanotube‐based flexible supercapacitors, graphene/graphene‐oxide‐based flexible supercapacitors, and graphene‐ and carbon‐nanotube‐based flexible battery electrodes are discussed. Finally, the future trends and perspectives in the development of flexible energy‐storage devices are highlighted.