bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Coronial findings pertaining to non‐opioid and non‐benzodiazepine drug‐related deaths in Australia
Authors: Phillips Helen , Naunton Mark , Jackson Shane L. , Kosari Sam , Peterson Gregory M. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractUsing Australian coroners’ inquest findings, this study investigated characteristics of non‐opioid and non‐benzodiazepine accidental drug‐related deaths, and coroners’ recommendations applicable to pharmacists. A retrospective thematic analysis was conducted of narrative text from coronial findings of non‐opioid and non‐benzodiazepine drug‐related deaths (n = 33; 18 males, 15 females; mean (±SD) age 50.3 ± 19.3 and 57.7 ± 22.0 years, respectively) published on the Internet between January 2012 and October 2017. A wide range of drugs was implicated in drug‐related deaths, with drugs relating to mental health conditions (antidepressants, antipsychotics) found to be the most prevalent and increasing over the 5‐year period. A history of mental health illness was common. Coroners’ comments pertaining to pharmacists were limited to the requirement to maintain accurate records. A greater appreciation of the role of pharmacists is required by coroners, with many of the coroners’ recommendations directed to other health professionals relevant to the pharmacists’ role of promoting the safe use of medicines.
Simultaneous determination of 17 bisphenols in polycarbonate by ultra‐high performance supercritical fluid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Zhang Yujia , Ling Yun , Zhang Yuan , Yao Guihong , Yao Meiyi , Zhang Feng 
Published: May 2019

AbstractA novel method was developed for the first time for the determination of 17 bisphenols by ultra‐high performance supercritical fluid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry. Under the optimal conditions, 17 bisphenols were separated successfully on a high density diol column in 9 min using methanol and carbon dioxide as mobile phase. 0.02% ammonium hydroxide/methanol v/v was used as the post‐column compensation solvent to improve response of mass spectrometry. Linear relations of matrix‐matched calibration curve were favorable over the selected concentration range of 1–100 μg/kg with correlation coefficients greater than 0.9981. The method limit of detection and limit of quantitation were 0.1–0.5 μg/kg and 0.5–2.5 μg/kg, respectively. The average recoveries at three spiked levels in polycarbonate were in the range of 81.8–114.5%. Intra‐day and inter‐day precisions for six replicates were below 15.0%. This method was successfully applied to determine bisphenols in polycarbonate.
Postoperative uvular necrosis: A case series and literature review
Authors: Reid Jonathan W. , Samy Arjun , Jeremic Goran , Brookes Jonathan , Sowerby Leigh J. 
Published: May 2019

Objectives/HypothesisPostoperative uvular necrosis is rare, but can be distressing to the patient when it unexpectedly occurs. Little has been published regarding its predisposing factors and pathophysiology. The purpose of this comprehensive review was to compile cases of postoperative uvular necrosis and identify risk factors and potential causes for this complication.Study DesignRetrospective case series.MethodsThe study was performed at an academic tertiary care referral center. Clinical records from four patients treated for postoperative uvular necrosis from 2008 to 2018 were reviewed. A comprehensive literature review was also performed. The MEDLINE, Embase, and Scopus databases were searched, as well as the grey literature. All case reports and literature reviews in the English literature from 1978 to 2018 were systematically identified for review.ResultsFour cases of postoperative uvular necrosis diagnosed clinically at our institution were included. The comprehensive literature review identified 26 reports and seven case series, totaling 53 cases of this complication. Use of suction was reported in 19 cases, and six cases reported no use of suction. Ninety‐four percent of cases were treated conservatively, whereas 6% underwent excision. Ninety‐one percent resolved within 14 days.ConclusionsImpingement with various devices and vascular trauma from suction each likely play a role in postoperative uvular necrosis. Male oropharyngeal anatomy may be a risk factor, but neither the type of instrumentation nor the type of procedure seem to predict this complication. Proper positioning of the patient and instruments and minimizing suction force help prevent uvular injury.Level of EvidenceNALaryngoscope, 130:880–885, 2020
Optical characterization of marine phytoplankton assemblages within surface waters of the western Arctic Ocean
Authors: Reynolds Rick A. , Stramski Dariusz 
Published: May 2019

AbstractAn extensive data set of measurements within the Chukchi and Beaufort Seas is used to characterize the optical properties of seawater associated with different phytoplankton communities. Hierarchical cluster analysis of diagnostic pigment concentrations partitioned stations into four distinct surface phytoplankton communities based on taxonomic composition and average cell size. Concurrent optical measurements of spectral absorption and backscattering coefficients and remote‐sensing reflectance were used to characterize the magnitudes and spectral shapes of seawater optical properties associated with each phytoplankton assemblage. The results demonstrate measurable differences among communities in the average spectral shapes of the phytoplankton absorption coefficient. Similar or smaller differences were also observed in the spectral shapes of nonphytoplankton absorption coefficients and the particulate backscattering coefficient. Phytoplankton on average, however, contributed only 25% or less to the total absorption coefficient of seawater. Our analyses indicate that the interplay between the magnitudes and relative contributions of all optically significant constituents generally dampens any influence of varying phytoplankton absorption spectral shapes on the total absorption coefficient, yet there is still a marked discrimination observed in the spectral shape of the ratio of the total backscattering to total absorption coefficient and remote‐sensing reflectance among the phytoplankton assemblages. These spectral variations arise mainly from differences in the bio‐optical environment in which specific communities were found, as opposed to differences in the spectral shapes of phytoplankton optical properties per se. These results suggest potential approaches for the development of algorithms to assess phytoplankton community composition from measurements of seawater optical properties in western Arctic waters.
Loss of FBXO7 results in a Parkinson's‐like dopaminergic degeneration via an RPL23–MDM2–TP53 pathway
Authors: Stott Simon RW , Randle Suzanne J , Al Rawi Sara , Rowicka Paulina A , Harris Rebecca , Mason Bethany , Xia Jing , Dalley Jeffrey W , Barker Roger A , Laman Heike 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe field of Parkinson's disease research has been impeded by the absence of animal models that clearly phenocopy the features of this neurodegenerative condition. Mutations in FBXO7/PARK15 are associated with both sporadic Parkinson's disease and a severe form of autosomal recessive early‐onset Parkinsonism. Here we report that conditional deletion of Fbxo7 in the midbrain dopamine neurons results in an early reduction in striatal dopamine levels, together with a slow, progressive loss of midbrain dopamine neurons and onset of locomotor defects. Unexpectedly, a later compensatory response led to a near‐full restoration of dopaminergic fibre innervation in the striatum, but nigral cell loss was irreversible. Mechanistically, there was increased expression in the dopamine neurons of FBXO7‐interacting protein, RPL23, which is a sensor of ribosomal stress that inhibits MDM2, the negative regulator of p53. A corresponding activated p53 transcriptional signature biased towards pro‐apoptotic genes was also observed. These data suggest that the neuroprotective role of FBXO7 involves its suppression of the RPL23–MDM2–p53 axis that promotes cell death in dopaminergic midbrain neurons. © 2019 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
Parenting in the face of serious illness: Childhood cancer survivors remember different rearing behavior than the general population
Authors: Ernst Mareike , Brähler Elmar , Klein Eva M. , Jünger Claus , Wild Philipp S. , Faber Jörg , Schneider Astrid , Beutel Manfred E. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractObjectiveA child's cancer diagnosis and treatment affect the whole family. While it has been recognized that parents are an important resource for their children, little is known about the specifics of parenting in the face of serious illness.MethodsWe used the Recalled Parental Rearing Behavior Questionnaire in a register‐based cohort of adult childhood cancer survivors (CCS) (N = 951) and a representative population sample of the same age range (N = 2042). The questionnaire assesses behavior of mothers and fathers with three scales (emotional warmth, rejection/punishment, and control/overprotection) by querying the (former) child. We compared the two groups using general linear models. With a hierarchical linear regression analysis, we tested associations of recalled rearing behavior with disease‐ and treatment‐related factors.ResultsCompared with the general population, CCS remembered both parents as emotionally warmer, more overprotective, and less punishing/rejecting and less ambitious. The regression analysis showed that having received radiotherapy (β = 0.092; P = .009) and chemotherapy (β = 0.077; P = .027) was positively related to memories of maternal emotional warmth.ConclusionsCCS remembered parenting styles which are generally deemed more positive. The extent of recalled control and overprotection deviated from the population in different directions, suggesting that parenting in childhood cancer entails more complex adaptations than being affectionate and giving comfort. The results suggest an adaptation of parental behavior to particularly challenging treatments. They highlight potential vulnerability and resilience factors, some of which were sex‐dependent.
Influence of Morphological Homogeneity of Superspherical Gold Nanoparticles on Plasmonic Photothermal Heat Generation
Authors: Bae Ji Yong , Jung Dae‐Woong , Jeong Chan Bae , Kim Hong‐Seung , Kim Jung Dae , Ro Hyun‐Joo , Jun Sangmi , Kim Dong Uk , Kim Jun Min , Yi Gi‐Ra , Lee Gaehang , Chang Ki Soo 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe plasmonic photothermal (PPT) characteristics of gold nanostructures have been extensively investigated theoretically and experimentally due to their potential for use materials science and industry. The management of the size and shape of gold nanoparticles has been a key issue in the development of better solutions for PPT heat generation because their size and shape determine their resultant photothermal properties. However, the light absorption of gold nanostructures is mainly dependent on the wavelength and orientation of the incident light; hence, maintaining uniform size and shape is critical for achieving maximum photothermal energy. Morphologically homogeneous spherical gold nanoparticles, or super gold nanospheres prepared by slowly etching uniform octahedral gold nanoparticles, demonstrate better PPT heat generation compared with commercially available nonsmooth gold nanoparticles (GNSs). The PPT heating experiments show a maximum temperature difference of 5.7 °C between the super and ordinary GNSs with the same average maximum Feret's diameters, which result from the more efficient PPT heat power generation (20.6%) of the super GNSs. In an electromagnetic‐wave simulation, the super GNSs show lower polarization dependence and a 24.6% higher absorption cross‐section than ordinary GNSs.
Similarity of Coomassie Dye Spectral Absorbance Dynamic of Sequentially Distant Polymeric N‐Terminal Segments of Glycine and GABA Transporters
Authors: Baliova Martina , Jursky Frantisek 
Published: May 2019

AbstractClassical interaction of Coomassie dye with proteins stabilizes its blue dye form, resulting in 595 nm absorbance peak used in protein quantitation. We previously showed that a dynamic Coomassie interaction mode might exist in certain disordered proteins, resulting in time dependent spectral absorbance shifts, blocked by the presence of protein secondary structure. To separate unstructured GlyT1a N‐terminal peptide from transporter ordered regions and regain its sufficient affinity to Coomassie dye, we previously prepared polymeric forms of GlyT1aN peptide using special stepwise cloning technique. In this work we applied identical technique to create polymeric regions derived from the N‐termini of neurotransmitter transporters rGlyT1b, rGAT3 and rGAT1. Polymeric proteins with low secondary structure content showed very similar dynamic spectral absorbance signatures, when complexed with Coomassie dye. Diversity of their primary amino acid sequences indicates that previously not recognized microstructural similarity between them might be potentially investigated by their interaction with Coomassie Brilliant Blue G‐250.
A Unified Approach to Access N‐Acyl Sulfonamide Tethered Peptide Conjugates
Authors: Sagar Nagamangala Ramachandra , Durgamma Suram , Srinivasulu Chinthaginjala , Basavaprabhu Hosamani , Sureshbabu Vommina Venkata 
Published: May 2019

AbstractHerein we demonstrate a chemoselective reaction of Nβ‐protected amino alkyl sulfonyl azides with in situ generated Nα‐protected amino acid selenocarboxylates via step wise intramolecular cyclization followed by decomposition to obtain N‐acyl sulfonamide tethered peptidyl conjugates. The protocol offers the synthesis of orthogonally protected N‐acyl sulfonamide tethered peptidomimetics under simple and mild reaction conditions employing commercially available amino acids in presence of NaBH2Se3 as a selenating agent. Also, the synthesis of N‐acyl sulfonamide tethered amino acid and aryl conjugates were accomplished as an extension of the above strategy.
Fused‐Ring Core Engineering for Small Molecule Acceptors Enable High‐Performance Nonfullerene Polymer Solar Cells
Authors: Ming Ruijie , Wang Jianxiao , Gao Wei , Zhang Miao , Gao Jinhua , Ning Weimin , Luo Zhenghui , Liu Xiaohui , Zhong Cheng , Zhang Fujun , Yang Chuluo 
Published: May 2019

AbstractSmall molecule acceptors (SMAs) for polymer solar cells (PSCs) have become a hot topic due to the resulting breakthrough of power conversion efficiency (PCE). To investigate the effect of extending central ladder‐type conjugated cores on the performance of PSCs, hexacyclic‐, heptacyclic‐, and octacyclic‐fused‐ring‐based SMAs (T6Me, T7Me, and T8Me) are designed and synthesized, structured with the same 2‐(1‐methyl‐6‐oxo‐5,6‐dihydro‐4H‐cyclopenta[c]thiophen‐4‐ylidene)malononitrile (CPTCN‐M) termini. The extension of backbone conjugation leads to the red shift of the absorption spectra, and elevates both the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) energy levels. Pairing with polymer donor PM6, T6Me‐based PSC displays a higher PCE of 12.09% than T7Me‐ (PCE of 8.96%) and T8Me‐based PSCs (PCE of 6.09%). This trend is ascribed to the lower bimolecular recombination, more favorable morphology features as well as more balanced hole and electron mobilities in the PM6:T6Me blend. Moreover, the low optical gap of T6Me and relatively high open‐circuit voltage (VOC) for the PM6:T6Me blend film results in low energy loss (Eloss) of 0.51 eV.
Charge state tailoring of relativistic heavy ion beams for the Gamma Factory project at CERN
Authors: Kröger F.M. , Weber G. , Shevelko V.P. , Hirlaender S. , Krasny M.W. , Stöhlker Th. 
Published: May 2019

We present charge‐state evolution studies for Pb54+ ion beams passing through stripper foils at relativistic energies of 5.9 GeV/u. The purpose of this investigation is to determine the optimum target material and non‐equilibrium thickness for the efficient production of few‐electron lead ions, that is, Pb80+ and Pb81+, at the present European Organization for Nuclear Research, CERN, accelerator facility at energies as high as 5.9 GeV/u. Based on these predictions, an Al stripper foil has been selected for a proof‐of‐principle measurement in the frame of the Gamma Factory study group. The experimental data confirms a substantial yield of non‐bare Pb ions. In addition, a charge‐state evolution study for the production of Li‐like lead ions Pb79+ is presented, which will be subject of a follow‐up experiment in the near future.
Delimitation of Funga as a valid term for the diversity of fungal communities: the Fauna, Flora & Funga proposal (FF&F)
Authors: Kuhar Francisco , Furci Giuliana , Drechsler-Santos Elisandro Ricardo , Pfister Donald H. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractAs public policies and conservation requirements for biodiversity evolve there is a need for a term for the kingdom Fungi equivalent to Fauna and Flora. This need is considered to be urgent in order to simplify projects oriented toward implemention of educational and conservation goals. In an informal meeting held during the IX Congreso Latinoamericano de Micología by the authors, the idea of clarifying this matter initiated an extensive search of pertinent terminologies. As a result of these discussions and reviews, we propose that the word Funga be employed as an accurate and encompassing term for these purposes. This supports the proposal of the three Fs, Fauna, Flora and Funga, to highlight parallel terminology referring to treatments of these macrorganism of particular geographical areas. Alternative terms and proposals are acknowledged and discussed.
A semi-selective medium to isolate and identify bacteria of the genus Pantoea
Authors: Kini Kossi , Dossa Rachelle , Dossou Bernadin , Mariko Mariame , Koebnik Ralf , Silué Drissa 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe isolation, purification and accurate diagnosis of Pantoea and many other bacterial species that infect rice are essential for upstream studies. However, some isolates of Pantoea and other bacteria such as Sphingomonas have similar biochemical and morphological features on common culture media and are thus difficult to isolate selectively and accurately diagnose. We thus developed a semi-selective medium containing 65 g/l (65%) NaCl that allows growth of all Pantoea strains, but inhibits other microorganisms. It can be used to isolate and purify Pantoea spp. for preliminary diagnosis.
Low income housing problems and low-income housing solutions: opportunities and challenges in Bulawayo
Authors: Average Chigwenya 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe provision of housing for the low-income has been a major problem in many countries and the developing world has been hard hit. This inability has been the chief cause of the burgeoning slum settlement in cities of the globe where one billion people live in slum areas. The solution to the housing problem lies in the opening up of stakeholders’ participation in the provision of housing, where government, non-governmental organisation, multilateral agencies and the community can play a critical role. Critical in the whole process is the participation of urban poor in the provision of housing for the poor, where they are critical actors in defining housing programmes that best suit the urban poor. This research seeks to analyse the initiatives that have been taken by the urban poor in the city of Bulawayo in providing housing for the poor. The research made use both qualitative and quantitative methodologies in investigating the matter. Questionnaire was the main instrument to collect quantitative data and interviews and field observations were used to collect qualitative data. The research showed that there are a lot positive initiatives by the urban poor in the city of Bulawayo to provide house for the urban poor and these initiatives appear appealing to the poor as they are giving them a roof over their heads, which was never a dream in their lives. Though they appear noble they however fall far too short to provide sustainable housing to the poor as they appear to be a potential health hazard for the city. There is need for city authorities or any interested stakeholder to provide more support to such initiatives so that they can provide more sustainable housing for the poor. This will produce a housing scheme that will contribute to reduction of slum dwellers as called by the Millennium Development Goals.
Masturbatory Behavior in a Population Sample of German Women
Authors: Burri Andrea , Carvalheira Ana 
Published: May 2019

Abstract

Background
Human masturbation is and has been a very heatedly and controversially discussed topic in human sexuality. Studies investigating aspects of human masturbatory behavior and female sexual pleasure remain scarce. This lack of knowledge opens the door to further controversies and misconceptions.

Aim
To conduct an explorative study on female masturbatory behavior to gain more insight into this nonreproductive sexual behavior and provide an empiric basis for future research.

Methods
A total of 425 German women (mean age 26.6 years), 61.4% of whom were in a committed relationship, completed a comprehensive 76-item online survey consisting of study-specific, self-constructed questions and validated and standardized questionnaires.

Main Outcome Measure
Correlation and comparative analyses were performed. Results are presented numerically as means and percentages.

Results
The majority (94.5%) of women indicated having masturbated at least once in their life, with a mean age at first masturbation of 14 years. 85.9% of women described masturbation as “genital self-stimulation until reaching orgasm.” The majority of women reported masturbating 2 or 3 times a week (26.8%) or once a week (26.3%). Factors independently associated with masturbation frequency were relationship status, orgasm frequency, openness to new experience, and body acceptance. Almost all women (91.5%) reported masturbating also when in a relationship. For the 5.5% of women who had never engaged in autoerotic stimulation, the 2 main reasons were “I hardly every feel sexual desire” and “sex is a partner-only thing.” 7.6% reported never experiencing an orgasm during masturbation, whereas 50.3% indicated that they always reached orgasm during autostimulation. The reasons cited for engaging in masturbation were manifold, ranging from sexual desire to relaxation and stress reduction. The most common fantasy included the partner; however, 20.7% fantasized about being “defenseless,” and 8.7% thought about a “disturbing” scenario that they chose not to elaborate further.

Clinical Implications
For many women, masturbation does not represent “a partner substitute” to seek sexual pleasure, but rather is a stress coping and relaxation strategy.

Strengths & Limitations
This is one of the very first studies to provide more in-depth insight into a variety of aspects related to female masturbation. The representativeness of the data is limited to this particular sample of German women.

Conclusion
Our findings highlight the huge diversity in terms of masturbation frequency, motivations, styles, and preferences that can be observed in this particular population sample of German women.