bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In vitro synergistic potentials of novel antibacterial combination therapies against Salmonella Typhimurium and Escherichia coli
Authors: Author) Md. Akil Hossain(Former Corresponding , Park Hae-Chul , Lee Kwang-jick , Park Sung-Won , Park Seung-Chun , Author) JeongWoo Kang(New Corresponding 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background: Bacteria have remarkable abilities to acquire resistance against antibiotics by several mechanisms. New strategies are needed to block the development of resistance and to prolong the life of traditional antibiotics. This study aimed to increase the efficacy of existing antibiotics by combining them with the opportunistic phenolic compound gallic acid (GA) and its derivatives. Fractional inhibitory concentration (FIC) indexes of phenolic compound-antibiotic combinations against Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium ( S. Typhimurium) and Escherichia coli ( E. coli ) were determined. Based on the FIC index values and clinical importance, 3 combinations were selected to evaluate their effects on the virulence factors of these bacteria. The in vitro cytotoxicity of GA and hamamelitannin in human (Hep G2) and Rattus norvegicus (IEC-6) cell lines were evaluated.
Results: Phenolic compounds demonstrated considerable antibacterial effects as the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of epigallocatechin, GA and hamamelitannin found against different strains were (512–1024), (256–1024) and (512–2048) μg/mL, respectively. The FIC indexes of the combined antibacterials against these strains were 0.281–1.016. The time-kill assays and ultrastructural morphology showed that the GA-ceftiofur combination, and hamamelitannin-erythromycin and GA-ampicillin combinations more efficiently inhibited the growth of S. Typhimurium and E. coli , respectively, compared to the individual antibiotics. Biofilm viability and the swimming and swarming motilities of S. Typhimurium in the presence of GA-ceftiofur and E. coli in the presence of the hamamelitannin-erythromycin and GA-ampicillin combinations were more competently inhibited than individual antimicrobials. The inhibitory concentrations 50% (IC 50 ) of GA and hamamelitannin in Hep G2 cells were 1427.34 μM and 2024.97 μM, and in IEC-6 cells were 564.55 μM and 988.54 μM, respectively.
Conclusions: We can conclude that these antibacterial combinations can be potential medications to treat S. Typhimurium and E. coli infections. Further study to confirm this effect in in vivo system and to determine the precise mechanism of action should be undertaken to establish these combinations as medications.
Comparative transcriptomics reveals PrrAB-mediated control of metabolic, respiration, energy-generating, and dormancy pathways in Mycobacterium smegmatis
Authors: MAARSINGH JASON D. , YANG SHANSHAN , PARK JIN G. , HAYDEL SHELLEY E 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background Mycobacterium smegmatis is a saprophytic bacterium frequently used as a genetic surrogate to study pathogenic Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The PrrAB two-component genetic regulatory system is essential in M. tuberculosis and represents an attractive therapeutic target. In this study, transcriptomic analysis (RNA-seq) of an M. smegmatis ΔprrAB mutant was used to define the PrrAB regulon and provide insights into the essential nature of PrrAB in M. tuberculosis.
Results RNA-seq differential expression analysis of M. smegmatis wild-type (WT), ΔprrAB mutant, and complementation strains revealed that during in vitro exponential growth, PrrAB regulates 167 genes (q < 0.05), 57% of which are induced in the WT background. Gene ontology and cluster of orthologous groups analyses showed that PrrAB regulates genes participating in ion homeostasis, redox balance, metabolism, and energy production. PrrAB induced transcription of dosR (devR), a response regulator gene that promotes latent infection in M. tuberculosis and 21 of the 25 M. smegmatis DosRS regulon homologues. Compared to the WT and complementation strains, the ΔprrAB mutant exhibited an exaggerated delayed growth phenotype upon exposure to potassium cyanide and respiratory inhibition. Gene expression profiling correlated with these growth deficiency results, revealing that PrrAB induces transcription of the high-affinity cytochrome bd oxidase genes under both aerobic and hypoxic conditions. ATP synthesis was ~64% lower in the ΔprrAB mutant relative to WT strain, further demonstrating that PrrAB regulates energy production.
Conclusions The M. smegmatis PrrAB two-component system regulates respiratory and oxidative phosphorylation pathways, potentially to provide tolerance against the dynamic environmental conditions experienced in its natural ecological niche. PrrAB positively regulates ATP levels during exponential growth, presumably through transcriptional activation of both terminal respiratory branches (cytochrome c bc1 - aa3 and cytochrome bd oxidases), despite transcriptional repression of ATP synthase genes. Additionally, PrrAB positively regulates expression of the dormancy-associated dosR response regulator genes in an oxygen-independent manner, which may serve to fine-tune sensory perception of environmental stimuli associated with metabolic repression.
Efficacy of verum and sham acupoint catgut embedding for treatment of obesity: Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: zhou yumei , Yan Bing , Yuan Wei-Qu , Yu Hai-Bo , Yang Zhuo-Xin 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Abstract Background: Obesity has become a major public health hazard with epidemic proportions, influencing adults, adolescents and children of both genders. Previous studies suggested that acupoint catgut embedding (ACE) might be a potential therapeutic approach for obesity. The purpose of this study is to conduct a rigorous and normative trial to determine the efficacy of ACE for obesity. Methods：A total of 99 eligible patients who diagnosed with obesity will be recruited in this study. They will be randomly allocated to either the verum ACE group, sham ACE group, or waiting- list (WL) group with 33 patients for each group. Each patient in the two ACE-based groups will receive 8 sessions of treatment, lasting over 8 weeks. The primary outcomes will the reduction of body mass index (BMI) after treatment. Secondary outcomes will include waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC), waist-hip ratio, body fat percentage, blood lipid level, subcutaneous fat area, visceral fat area, and the World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL). All the outcomes will be evaluated at baseline, ended at 8 weeks of treatments, and 3 months of follow-up. The evaluators and data analyzers will be blinded to group allocation. Discussion: The findings of this randomized, sham- and waiting-list-controlled trial will help to investigate the influence of ACE on clinical variables as well as visceral fat area of obesity, which will provide high-quality evidence on the efficacy of ACE for obesity. Trial registration: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, ID: ChiCTR1800020248. Registered on November 21, 2018. Keywords: Acupoint catgut embedding, Obesity, Randomized controlled trial, Visceral fat area
Health systems readiness to provide geriatric friendly care services in Uganda: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Ssensamba Jude Thaddeus , Mukuru Moses , Nakafeero Mary , Ssenyonga Ronald , Kiwanuka Suzanne N 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background As ageing emerges as the next public health threat in Africa, there is a paucity of information on how prepared its health systems are to provide geriatric friendly care services. In this study, we explored the readiness of Uganda’s public health system to provide geriatric friendly care services in Southern Central Uganda. Methods Four districts with the highest proportion of old persons in Southern Central Uganda were purposively selected, and a cross section of 18 randomly selected health facilities (HFs) were visited and assessed for availability of key items deemed important for provision of geriatric friendly services; as derived from World Health Organization’s Age-friendly primary health care centres toolkit. Data was collected using an adapted health facility geriatric assessment tool, entered into Epi-data software and analysed using STATA version 14. Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn’s post hoc tests were conducted to determine any associations between readiness, health facility level and district. Results The overall readiness index was 16.92 (SD ±4.19) (range 10.8 - 26.6). This differed across districts; Lwengo 17.91 (SD ±3.15), Rakai 17.63 (SD ±4.55), Bukomansimbi 16.51 (SD ±7.18), Kalungu 13.74 (SD ±2.56) and facility levels; Hospitals 26.62, Health centers four (HCIV) 20.05 and Health centers three (HCIII) 14.80. Low readiness was due to poor scores with regard to; leadership (0%), financing (0%), human resources (1.7%) and health management information systems (HMIS) (11.8%) WHO building blocks. Higher level HFs were statistically significantly friendlier than lower level HFs (p= 0.015). The difference in readiness between HCIIIs and HCIVs was 2.39 (p=0.025). Conclusion There is low readiness of public health facilities to provide geriatric friendly care services in Uganda. This is due to gaps in all of the health system building blocks. There is a need for health system reforms in Uganda to adequately cater for service provision for old people if the 2020 global healthy ageing goal is to be met.
Evaluation of Antileishmanial Activity Employing Conventional and Solid Lipid Nanoparticles of Amphotericin B on Leishmania major In Vitro and In Vivo
Authors: Soltani Shahrzad , Mojiri-Forushani Hoda , Soltani Sheyda , Kahvaz Mehdi Sagha , Foroutan Masoud 
Published: October 2019

Background:
Obligate intracellular parasites of Leishmania genus belong to the family
Trypanosomatidae and more than twenty species cause this neglected vector-borne infection
throughout the globe.

Objective:
The current study was aimed to assess the antileishmanial activity of Amphotericin B
(AmB) and AmB formulated into solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) in vitro and in vivo.

Materials and Methods:
In the present research, microemulsification and high shear homogenization
methods were used to prepare SLNs. Leishmania major (L. major) promastigotes were cultured
in RPMI 1640 and incubated for three time points of 24, 48 and 72 h at 25±1°C. Then, the
MTT colorimetric assay was employed for obtaining 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50). Finally,
the efficacy of AmB and AmB-SLN was evaluated for the treatment of experimental cutaneous
leishmaniasis (CL) in BALB/c mice.

Results:
The average diameter sizes of prepared AmB-SLN were <180 nm and monodisperse
preparations with polydispersity index 0.21±0.29. The antileishmanial activity of AmB and AmBSLN
revealed a dose and time-dependent manner in vitro. The IC50 values of AmB (38.18±1.33,
25.06±2.00, and 13.87±0.61 μg/ml) and AmB-SLN (0.40±0.02, 0.26±0.02, and 0.14±0.01 μg/ml)
were estimated after 24, 48 and 72 hours, respectively. In all BALB/c treatment groups, the diameter
of lesions was significantly smaller than the control group.

Conclusion:
AmB-SLN was significantly more potent than AmB in vitro and in vivo. The discovery
of new effective drugs based on nanocarriers, such as SLN, is practical and opens a new window
for the treatment of CL.
A Detailed Insight of the Anti-inflammatory Effects of Curcumin with the Assessment of Parameters, Sources of ROS and Associated Mechanisms
Authors: Wal Pranay , Saraswat Nikita , Pal Rashmi Saxena , Wal Ankita , Chaubey Madhvi 
Published: October 2019

Background:Curcumin is an active constituent ofCurcuma longa,which belongs to Zingiberaceae family. It is derived from the Rhizome of a perennial plant having molecular formula C21H20O6and chemically it is (1, 7- bis (4- hydroxy - 3 methoxyphenyl) -1, 6 - heptadine - 3, 5 - diene), also known as diferuloylmethane. Curcumin has been extensively used as a herbal constituent for curing several diseases and is scientifically proven to show major effects as an anti-inflammatory agent.Objective:Inflammation is an important factor for numerous diseases including diabetes neuropathy, cancer, asthma, arthritis, and other diseases. Prophylaxis of inflammatory diseases through synthetic medications tends to have major toxicity and side effects on a large number of population. The foremost aim of this review paper is to assess the natural anti-inflammatory effect of curcumin, source, and mechanism of action, potential therapeutic effect and models associated. Additionally, this paper aims to scrutinize inflammation, sources of reactive oxygen species, and pathways of reactive oxygen species generation and potential side effects of curcumin.Methods:Selection of data has been done by studying the combination of research and review papers from different databases like PubMed, Medline and Web of science from the year 1985- 2018 by using search keywords like “curcumin”, “anti-inflammatory”, “ROS”, “Curcuma longa”, “medicinal uses of curcumin”, “assessing parameters”, “inflammation”, “anti-oxidant”Results:On the basis of our interpretation, we have concluded that curcumin has potential therapeutic effects in different inflammatory diseases, it inhibits the inflammatory mediators, oxidation processes, and oxidative stress and has no severe toxicity on animals and humans.Conclusion:Oxidative stress is a major cause of inflammation and curcumin has a good potential for blocking it. Curcumin is also easily accessible herbal source and should be consumed in the form of food, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory agents and further observation should be done on its therapeutic parameters, risk factors, and toxicity studies and oral viability.
The Motivation of Russian and Kazakhstani Faculty Members in the Cross-Cultural Context
Authors: Turgumbayeva Aizhan , Aimaganbetova Olga , Kassymova Roza , Yeralina Elmira , Bakirova Zhanat 
Published: October 2019

Background & Objective:The motivation of university faculty members in a cross-cultural context is one of the main issues in the context of internationalization of higher education. This research aims to explore if there are significant differences in motivational drivers between Kazakhstani and Russian university faculty members based on their cultural background.Methods:The research involves 158 university faculty members from Kazakhstan and Russia. The research applies cross-survey methodology.Results:The findings on the main motivational themes show that Kazakhstani university faculty members have a higher orientation to security and stability and integration of lifestyle. Russian university faculty members have higher levels of autonomy, challenge and entrepreneurship.Conclusion:The conducted research presented the main motivational drivers of Kazakhstani and Russian faculty. It is evident that Kazakhstani and Russian university faculty members have significant differences in motivational profiles, despite the shared Soviet past. Research showed that Russian faculty is motivated by creativity and challenges, whereas their Kazakhstani counterparts seem to be more focused on the security and work-life balance. Nevertheless, the occupational peculiarities show similarities in the attitudes to money and power.
Development of a Core Set of Patient-Reported Outcomes for Population-Based Cancer Survivorship Research: Protocol for an Australian Consensus Study
Authors: Ramsey Imogen , Corsini Nadia , Hutchinson Amanda D , Marker Julie , Eckert Marion 
Published: October 2019

Background
Core outcome sets seek to improve the consistency and quality of research by providing agreed-upon recommendations regarding what outcomes should be measured as a minimum for a population and setting. The problems arising from a lack of outcome standardization in population-based cancer survivorship research indicate the need for agreement on a core set of patient-reported outcomes (PROs) to enhance data quality, consistency, and comparability.

Objective
This study aims to identify a core set of PROs, representing the most important issues impacting on cancer survivors' long-term health, functioning and quality of life, to inform population-based research on cancer survivorship.

Methods
In Phase I, a list of all potentially important outcomes will be generated through focus group discussions with cancer survivors and a review of measures for assessing quality of life in cancer survivorship. The consolidated list will be advanced to Phase II, where a stakeholder consensus process will be conducted with national experts in cancer survivorship to refine and prioritize the outcomes into a core outcome set. The process will consist of a two-round Delphi survey and a consensus meeting. Cancer survivors, oncology health care professionals, and potential end users of the core outcome set with expertise in cancer survivorship research or policy will be invited to participate. In Phase III, recommended measures for assessment of the core outcome set will be selected with advice from experts on the assessment, analysis, and interpretation of PROs.

Results
As of April 2019, data collection for Phase I is complete and data analysis is underway. These data will inform the list of outcomes to be advanced into Phase II. Recruitment for Phase II will commence in June 2019, and it is anticipated that it will take 6 months to complete the three-step consensus process and identify a provisional core outcome set. The study results are expected to be published in early 2020.

Conclusions
Expert consensus-driven recommendations on outcome measurement will facilitate the inclusion of survivorship outcomes considered important by cancer survivors and health professionals in future research. Adoption of the core outcome set will enable comparison and synthesis of evidence across studies and enhance the quality of PRO data collected in cancer survivorship research, particularly when applied to address macro-level questions.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
DERR1-10.2196/14544
PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN CONTEXTUAL TEACHING AND LEARNING TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR MATEMATIKA SISWA
Authors: Rahmawati Tanti Diyah , Wahyuningsih Wahyuningsih , Dua Getan Maria Amaranta 
Published: October 2019

Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Contextual Teaching And Learning Terhadap Hasil Belajar Matematika Siswa Di SMA Negeri 2 Maumere. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui ada tidaknya pengaruh model pembelajaran Contextual Teaching And Learning (CTL) terhadap hasil belajar matematika siswa. Penelitian ini dilakukan di SMA Negeri 2 Maumere pada semester genap tahun ajaran 2016/2017. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode experimen. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas X sedangkan sampelnya yaitu kelas XG sebagai kelas eksperimen yang berjumlah 33 siswa dan kelas XE sebagai kelas kontrol yang berjumlah 35 siswa. Teknik sampling menggunakan cluster random sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan tes dan dokumentasi. Setelah data berdistribusi normal dan homogen berdasarkan uji normalitas yakni uji Chi kuadrat dan uji homogenitas yakni uji fisher, maka dilanjutkan dengan pengujian hipotesis. Uji hipotesis menggunakan uji t. Hasil uji t pada taraf signifikansi 0.05, menunjukkan bahwa nilai thitung> ttabel (5,367 > 1,6697), ini berarti Ho ditolak dan Ha diterima sehingga disimpulkan bahwa ada pengaruh model pembelajaran CTL terhadap hasil belajar matematika siswa
Forest Management In Mongolia – A Review Of Challenges And Lessons Learned With Special Reference To Degradation And Deforestation
Authors: Gradel Alexander , Sukhbaatar Gerelbaatar , Karthe Daniel , Kang Hoduck 
Published: October 2019

The natural conditions, climate change and socio-economic challenges related to the transformation from a socialistic society towards a market-driven system make the implementation of sustainable land management practices in Mongolia especially complicated. Forests play an important role in land management. In addition to providing resources and ecosystem functions, Mongolian forests protect against land degradation.We conducted a literature review of the status of forest management in Mongolia and lessons learned, with special consideration to halting deforestation and degradation. We grouped our review into seven challenges relevant to developing regionally adapted forest management systems that both safeguard forest health and consider socio-economic needs. In our review, we found that current forest management in Mongolia is not always sustainable, and that some practices lack scientific grounding. An overwhelming number of sources noticed a decrease in forest area and quality during the last decades, although afforestation initiatives are reported to have increased. We found that they have had, with few exceptions, only limited success. During our review, however, we found a number of case studies that presented or proposed promising approaches to (re-)establishing and managing forests. These studies are further supported by a body of literature that examines how forest administration, and local participation can be modified to better support sustainable forestry. Based on our review, we conclude that it is necessary to integrate capacity development and forest research into holistic initiatives. A special focus should be given to the linkages between vegetation cover and the hydrological regime.
Studi Mengenai Karakteristik Pagar Berdasarkan Klasifikasi Tipe Rumah Tinggal
Authors: Saraswati Ratih Dian , Azhar Salma 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The fence of a dwelling house was originally as a barrier between the property area and the surrounding environment. In a residential house, the fence also acts as a boundary between one house and another. In development, the fence of a residential house becomes part of the design of a residential house. Fences become a very important element in a dwelling, so the fence design becomes an identity of the occupants of the dwelling. How the social strata of residents can affect the appearance and physical condition of a residential fence. The study was conducted in several residential houses with various types of residential classification in Pasadena Housing Semarang. The results showed that the material of a fence turned out to be influenced by the level of social strata of residential owners as seen from the classification of the type of residence.

Abstrak
Pagar sebuah rumah tinggal pada awalnya sebagai pembatas antara area properti dan lingkungan sekitar. Pada sebuah rumah tinggal, pagar juga berperan sebagai batas antara rumah tinggal satu dengan yang lain. Pada perkembangan, pagar sebuah rumah tinggal menjadi bagian dari desain sebuah rumah tinggal. Pagar menjadi elemen yang sangat penting pada sebuah rumah tinggal, sehingga desain pagar menjadi sebuah identitas dari penghuni rumah tinggal tersebut. Bagaimana strata sosial penghuni rumah tinggal dapat mempengaruhi tampilan dan kondisi fisik sebuah pagar rumah tinggal. Penelitian dilakukan pada beberapa rumah tinggal dengan berbagai klasifikasi tipe rumah tinggal di Perumahan Pasadena Semarang. Hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa material sebuah pagar ternyata mendapat pengaruh dari tingkat strata sosial pemilik rumah tinggal yang dilihat dari klasifikasi tipe rumah tinggal tersebut.
ANALISIS KESESUAIAN PENERAPAN PRODUK PEMBIAYAAN MUSYARAKAH BERDASARKAN PSAK 106 PADA PT. BPRS HIKMAH WAKILAH
Authors: Novisra Lisandi , Bustamam Bustamam 
Published: October 2019

This study aims to determine and analyze the application of musharakah financing products and the suitability of the accounting treatment of musharakah financing products applied in PT. BPRS Hikmah Wakilah according to PSAK 106. The research method used is descriptive qualitative. Sources of data in this study are primary data obtained directly from the results of interviews with respondents. The results of the study show that in terms of recognition and measurement of PT. BPRS Hikmah Wakilah is not fully comply in according to PSAK 106, and in terms of the presentation of PT. BPRS Hikmah Wakilah has fully complied with PSAK 106, while in terms of disclosure of PT. BPRS Hikmah Wakilah has not presented CALK and all terms relating to the musharakah transaction. Hence, its application does not comply with PSAK 106.