bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Students evaluating the trustworthiness of historical sources and internet sources: A comparison
Authors: van der Eem Maartje , van Drie Jannet , Brand‐Gruwel Saskia , van Boxtel Carla 
Published: November 2024

AbstractFake news and disinformation are easily spread in today's digital society. Therefore, it is important that students learn how to evaluate the trustworthiness of online information, but this skill is often confined to a limited number of subjects in secondary education. History classes can potentially contribute to developing this skill. Therefore, the first aim of this study was to investigate whether there is a relationship between how Grade 9 students (N = 112) perform while evaluating the trustworthiness of historical sources and internet sources. Average student performance on both kinds of sources was similar, but the distribution of the scores was significantly different. There was a moderate correlation between students’ total scores on the historical task and the internet task. Two of the three criteria of trustworthiness that could be used on both kinds of sources were used by a great majority in both tasks. The second aim was to gain more insight into students’ (N = 8) and teachers’ perspectives (N = 8) on the usefulness of the evaluation skill learned in history class for other contexts, especially when searching on the internet. While most of the teachers mentioned the importance of the skill when using the internet, none of the students did so spontaneously. We suggest that history classrooms are an appropriate place to teach students not only about historical sources but also about internet sources, provided that more explicit attention is given to the relationship between both types of sources.
“I Would Not Change [My] Sibling for the World, Maybe the World Can Change for My Sibling”: The Experiences of Adult Siblings of People With Developmental Disabilities
Authors: Moran‐Morbey Elizabeth , Blackwell Chloe , Ryan Tom , Hayden Nikita K. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThe sibling relationship is complex, unique and important. When one sibling has a developmental disability, siblings can be important sources of care, support, advocacy and friendship for one another. We drew on online survey data from 456 UK adult siblings of people with DD. Siblings provided written responses to a prompt about their sibling experiences (> 80,000 words). These data were analysed using qualitative content analysis and organised using the Siblings Embedded Systems Framework (SESF). The SESF helps us to consider how complex interacting mechanisms and factors surrounding siblings, families and wider systems at a local, national and international level, can influence siblings' outcomes, experiences and relationships. Overall, siblings shared a range of experiences related to their: mental health and wellbeing; personal characteristics; sibling relationships; intra‐familial experiences; caring experiences; experiences accessing support services; community experiences; and views on the discrimination and ableism that their disabled siblings experienced. Siblings reflected on the interconnected and dynamic nature of their experiences. We found the SESF to be a useful way of presenting an account of the data overall, as well as to explore the impact of societal factors on siblings' experiences. Siblings' structural, political and social contexts impacted their personal lives. Please refer to the Supporting Information section to find this article's Community and Social Impact Statement.
Chemical Constituents of the Deep‐sea Derived Fungus Purpureocillium lilacinum XIA‐9
Authors: Duan Jia‐Xin , Ma Yan‐Lin , Chen Zhe‐Wen , Zou Zheng‐Biao , Chao Rong , Li You , Li Bao‐Fu , Wang Yuan , Pan Ying‐Ni , Yang Xian‐Wen 
Published: November 2024

AbstractTwo new sphingosine derivatives (1 and 2), two new vicinal diol analogs (3 and 4), one new diol analog (5), one new fatty acid (9), together with 19 known compounds (6–8, 10–24), were isolated from Purpureocillium lilacinum XIA‐9. Their structures were determined by detailed analysis of the 1D and 2D NMR, HRESIMS, and optical rotatory data. Fusarubin 3‐methyl ether (17) exhibited potent inhibition on RSL3 induced ferroptosis with the EC50 value of 0.1 μM.
Tailoring CotA Laccase Substrate Specificity by Rationally Reshaping Pocket Edge
Authors: Xie Tian , Li Jiakun , Wang Ganggang 
Published: November 2024

AbstractCotA is a bacterial multicopper oxidase, capable of oxidizing lots of substrates. In previous work, small size lignin phenol derivates were found to lie only in the partially covered part of pocket. However, big size substate would occupy the whole pocket to react. In this work, five residues sitting at the edge of the pocket were selected to study their roles in regulating activities against different size substrates. All mutants showed impaired activities against small size sinapic acid, however, A227E, G321F and G321P showed around 25 % increase of activities against big size ditaurobilirubin compared to wild type (WT). T262F/G321F showed moderate increased activity to alazin red S. kcat/Kms against ditaurobilirubin of A227E, T262F and G321F are around 1.5, 3 and 1.5 folds of WT's. Unexpectedly, heterologous expression yields of T262F, T262F/G321F and T262F/G321P in Escherichia coli greatly increased by around 5, 7 and 21 folds compared to WT, respectively. It is speculated positive mutants would provide a beneficial orientation for big size substrates. Substituting semi‐buried residue T262 by a hydrophobic amino acid might enhance expression yields mainly by increasing van der waals and hydrophobic interaction. This work exemplified rationally regulating specific activities of laccase and is valuable for industrial application.
Economic Analysis of Catheter‐Directed Thrombolysis for Intermediate‐Risk Pulmonary Embolism
Authors: Pliakos Elina , Glassmoyer Lauren , Kobayashi Taisei , Pugliese Steven , Shankar Hari , Matthai William , Khandhar Sameer , Giri Jay , Nathan Ashwin 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundPulmonary embolism is associated with a significant burden of morbidity, mortality, and health care costs. Catheter‐directed thrombolysis has emerged as a promising option for patients with intermediate‐risk pulmonary embolism which aims to improve outcomes over standard anticoagulation.MethodsWe constructed a decision‐analytic model comparing the cost‐effectiveness of catheter‐directed thrombolysis to anticoagulation alone for the management of intermediate‐risk pulmonary embolism. Cost‐effectiveness was determined by calculating deaths averted and incremental cost‐effectiveness ratios (ICER). Uncertainty was addressed by plotting cost‐effectiveness planes and acceptability curves for various willingness‐to‐pay thresholds. The main outcome was ICER (US dollars/deaths averted).ResultsIn the base case analysis, derived using systemic lysis data, the cost associated with catheter‐directed thrombolysis was estimated at $22,353 with a probability of survival at 1 month of 0.984. For the anticoagulation alone strategy, the cost was $25,060, and the probability of survival at 1 month was 0.958. Overall, catheter‐directed thrombolysis resulted in savings of $104,089 per death averted (ICER,—$104,089 per death averted). Sensitivity analysis revealed that catheter‐directed thrombolysis would no longer be cost‐effective when its associated mortality is greater than 0.042. In the probabilistic analysis, at a willingness‐to‐pay of $100,000, catheter‐directed thrombolysis had a 63% chance of being cost‐effective, and in cost‐effectiveness acceptability curves, it was cost‐effective in 63%–78% of simulations for a willingness to pay ranging from $0 to $100,000.ConclusionsIf the assumptions made in our model are shown to be accurate then CDT would be cost‐effective and may lead to considerable cost savings if used where clinically appropriate.
Clinical Outcomes and Practicality of Transferring Patients Immediately to Originating Hospitals After Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention—A Retrospective Study
Authors: Kamaraj S. , Firdaus M. L. , Norfarahdina R. , Muizz A. M. Abdul , Ranga A. R. Asri , Henry Timothy D. , Wilson Hadley , Glendon L. S. K. , Raqib A. G. Abdul , Kahar A. G. Abd 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundPrimary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PPCI) is the preferred treatment for ST‐Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI) patients in both PCI centers and those transferred from non‐PCI centers, provided it can be performed in a timely manner. The challenges in transferring patients from non‐PCI centers include not only potential delays beyond 120 min but also the risk of overwhelming the resources at the PPCI hospital. We report a novel strategy implemented within the Serdang STEMI Network involving immediate transfer of patients back to the originating hospitals within 2 h post procedure.AimsThis study aims to evaluate the clinical outcomes and practicality of immediately transferring stable STEMI patients back to their originating hospitals within 2 h postprimary PCI, within the Serdang STEMI Network. Specifically, it seeks to assess the in‐hospital mortality rate and 30‐day major adverse cardiac events (MACE) among these patients to determine the safety and feasibility of this novel early transfer strategy.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study involved 1374 STEMI patients participating in the Serdang STEMI network from May 2015 to December 2022, including 570 patients admitted directly to Hospital Sultan Idris Shah, Serdang (HSIS) and 804 transferred from non‐PCI centers.ResultsOf the 804 transferred patients, 415 (52%) were transferred back to referring hospitals within 2 h of PPCI. These patients met specific criteria including hemodynamic stability, absence of procedural complications, and fit for transfer at the discretion of the attending cardiologist. The primary outcomes measured were in‐hospital and 30‐day mortality rates, as well as major adverse cardiac events (MACE). MACE was defined as a composite of death, myocardial infarction, stroke, or repeat revascularization. In the early return group, there was no in‐hospital or 30‐day mortality. No patient required repeat revascularization or readmission within 30 days.ConclusionsOur results indicate that carefully selected patients can be safely returned to their originating hospitals very early following successful PPCI. These findings have important implications for large regional STEMI networks worldwide, particularly in areas where PPCI centers may have limited resources to handle high STEMI volumes.
Successful Treatment of MDRAcinetobacter baumannii Meningitis in a Young Adult Patient With Intraventricular and Intravenous Polymyxin B‐Tigecycline Based Combinations: A Case Report
Authors: Rahim Md Abdur , Biswas Himel Kumar , Zilani Md Abdul Kader , Biswas Rama , Ershad Sirazul Haque 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTMultiple drug resistance to Acinetobacter baumannii infection treatment is a great challenge for neuro‐intensivists due to poor drug penetration through the blood–brain barrier (BBB). Fortunately, the intraventricular administration of polymyxin‐B and tigecycline seems to be effective; there are few case reports demonstrating the effectiveness of such treatments. Here, we report the case of a 24‐year‐old male who presented with fever and neck rigidity after intracranial drainage following lung infection caused by MDR Acinetobacter baumannii. Due to the presence of turbid CSF, the administration of the intrathecal (ITH) route polymyxin‐B and tigecycline is not possible. In this situation, the neuro‐intensivist decided to start intraventricular tigecycline and polymyxin‐B administration along with IV tigecycline and polymyxin‐B via the intraventricular route, which was feasible because the patient had an external ventricular drain (EVD) due to obstructive hydrocephalus caused by the neurosurgeon after excision of the tumor.
Understanding Climate Change by Modeling the Earth's Atmosphere as a Well‐Stirred Tank
Authors: Bolongaro Vittoria , Becattini Viola , Mazzotti Marco 
Published: November 2024

AbstractComing to terms with climate change by understanding climate processes and their policy implications is essential not only for climate scientists and policymakers, but also for the general public, for industrial practitioners, and for engineers, including process system engineers. We have developed a simplified linear climate model (SLCM) to enable non‐specialists to explore the essential physical and chemical processes caused by greenhouse gas emissions. Trading‐off simplicity and accuracy, achieved by calibrating model parameters using established simple climate models, the SLCM allows (i) determining the climate impact of given past and future emissions, (ii) determining the amounts of CO2 removal needed to compensate for any unavoidable emissions of CH4 and N2O from agriculture, and (iii) back‐calculating emission pathways to meet specified global warming targets.
Project management challenges in client‐consultant decision‐making: A case for the Ghanaian mining construction industry
Authors: Amegboleza A. Akofa , Acakpovi Amevi , Ülkü M. Ali 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis study explores the complex decision‐making (DM) dynamics between clients and consultants, a crucial area often neglected in existing research. Utilizing a Multi‐Perspective Approach combined with Multi‐Criteria Decision Analysis, we examine DM challenges such as cost overruns, project delays, and compromised work quality stemming from ineffective DM practices. Key findings highlight the pervasive fear of financial repercussions from poor decisions, which impedes decisive and transparent DM. We offer practical recommendations for managers, propose strategies to strengthen DM processes, enhance project execution frameworks and insights to improve operational efficiency and competitive advantages for Ghanaian mining construction sector stakeholders. This study significantly contributes to the literature on project management by offering targeted solutions and advancing knowledge on DM practices.
The α$\alpha$‐SQG patch problem is illposed in C2,β$C^{2,\beta }$ and W2,p$W^{2,p}$
Authors: Kiselev Alexander , Luo Xiaoyutao 
Published: November 2024

AbstractWe consider the patch problem for the ‐(surface quasi‐geostrophic) SQG system with the values and being the 2D Euler and the SQG equations respectively. It is well‐known that the Euler patches are globally wellposed in non‐endpoint Hölder spaces, as well as in , spaces. In stark contrast to the Euler case, we prove that for , the ‐SQG patch problem is strongly illposed in every Hölder space with . Moreover, in a suitable range of regularity, the same strong illposedness holds for every Sobolev space unless .
Crystallization of Cathode Active Material Precursors from Tartaric Acid Solution
Authors: Ma Chunyan , Mohamoud Mona , Punt Tiaan , Li Jinlong , Svärd Michael , Forsberg Kerstin 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn this study L‐(+)‐tartaric acid was used to extract metals from either pure cathode material (NMC111) or black mass from spent lithium‐ion batteries. The leaching efficiencies of Li, Co, Ni, and Mn from NMC111 are >87 % at 70 °C, with an initial solid to liquid ratio of 17, and >72.4±1.0 % from black mass under corresponding conditions. The metals tend to form mixed phases in antisolvent crystallization and seeding has a minimal effect on the final solid composition. Impurities influence both crystal nucleation and growth. By controlling the antisolvent addition rate crystal growth can be promoted. The theoretical dielectric constant of the solution is shown to correlate excellently to the recovery efficiency across different antisolvents, where a value <52 results in over 95 % total transition metal recovery efficiency. The correlation can be a powerful tool for quantitative prediction of optimal solvent composition for effective antisolvent crystallization.
Comprehensive mapping of somatotroph pituitary neuroendocrine tumour heterogeneity using spatial and single‐cell transcriptomics
Authors: Wang Jialin , Li Xuejing , Guo Jing , Yuan Zan , Tong Xinyu , Xiao Zehao , Liu Meng , Liu Changxiaofeng , Wang Hongyun , Gong Lei , Li Chuzhong , Zhang Yazhuo , Xie Weiyan , Liu Chunhui 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundPituitary neuroendocrine tumours (PitNETs) are common intracranial tumours that are highly heterogeneous with unpredictable growth patterns. The driver genes and mechanisms that are crucial for tumour progression in somatotroph PitNETs are poorly understood.MethodsIn this study, we performed integrative spatial transcriptomics (ST) and single‐cell RNA sequencing (scRNA‐seq) analysis on somatotroph tumours and normal pituitary samples to comprehensively characterize the differences in cellular characteristics.ResultsBy analyzing combined copy number variations (CNVs), tumour tissues were divided into two regions, which included the CNVhigh and CNVlow areas. The protumour genes DLK1 and RCN1 were highly expressed in the CNVhigh area, which might be related to tumour progression and could be targeted for precision therapy. We also found that the transforming growth factor beta signalling pathway participated in tumour progression and identified heterogeneity in the expression profiles of key genes. We assessed the intertumoral and intratumoral heterogeneity in somatotroph PitNETs and emphasized the importance of individualized treatment.ConclusionIn summary, we visualized the cellular distribution and transcriptional differences in normal pituitary and somatotroph PitNETs by ST and scRNA‐seq for the first time. This study provides a strong theoretical foundation to comprehensively understand the crucial mechanisms involved in tumour progression and develop new strategies to treat somatotroph PitNETs.Key points
The first‐ever visualization of cellular distributions in normal and tumor pituitary tissues.
The inter‐ and intra‐tumoral transcriptomic heterogeneity of somatotroph PitNETs was comprehensively revealed.
Identification of potential protumor factors and critical signaling pathways, opening new avenues for therapeutic intervention.
Spatiotemporal distribution of neural crest cells in the common wall lizard Podarcis muralis
Authors: Pranter Robin , Feiner Nathalie 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundNeural crest cells (NCCs) are migratory embryonic stem cells that give rise to a diverse set of cell types. Here we describe the dynamic distribution of NCCs in developing embryos of the common wall lizard Podarcis muralis inferred from 10 markers. Our aim is to provide insights into the NCC development of lacertid lizards and to infer evolutionary modifications by comparisons to other tetrapods.ResultsNCC migration is ongoing at oviposition, following three streams in the head and multiple in the trunk. From 21ss, we observe expression patterns indicating the beginning of differentiation toward mesenchymal and neuronal fates. By 35ss, migration is restricted to caudal levels, and fully differentiated chromaffin cells are observed.ConclusionsWe find that some markers show patterns that differ from other tetrapods. For example, the antibody HNK‐1 labels three NCC streams from the hindbrain while some comparable reptile studies describe four. However, the information emerging from all markers combined shows that the overall spatiotemporal distribution of NCCs in the common wall lizard is largely conserved with that of other tetrapods. Our study highlights the dynamic nature of seemingly canonical marker genes and provides the first description of spatiotemporal NCC dynamics in a lacertid lizard.
Food Safety in Developing Countries: Common Foodborne and Waterborne Illnesses, Regulations, Organizational Structure, and Challenges of Food Safety in the Context of Nepal
Authors: Subedi Deepak , Paudel Madhav , Poudel Sandesh , Koirala Niranjan 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTFood safety presents a global challenge, contributing to 600 million cases of foodborne diseases and 420,000 fatalities annually worldwide. In developing countries, such as Nepal, addressing food safety is particularly intricate and arduous because of the prevalent issues of food insecurity, poverty, illiteracy, and regulatory hurdles. The objectives of this comprehensive review are to evaluate the prevalent foodborne and waterborne illnesses, examine the existing regulations and institutional frameworks, and identify the challenges associated with food safety in Nepal. Additionally, this review aims to propose strategies to enhance food safety measures in the country. An electronic search was conducted using relevant keywords to include articles and literature pertinent to the topic. Common foodborne illnesses in Nepal include cholera, typhoid fever, hepatitis, worm infections, and poisoning from mushrooms, heavy metals, and pesticides. While existing rules, regulations, and government infrastructure exist, they often face limitations in effectively addressing these multifaceted challenges. Food safety in developing countries, such as Nepal, faces several challenges, including inadequate regulatory frameworks, limited surveillance and monitoring, rural–urban disparities, and high incidences of foodborne illness. Additional issues stem from weak law enforcement, poor food safety practices, limited infrastructure, informal sector challenges, cross‐border trade, limited access to clean water, and the impacts of climate change. A multisectoral One Health approach involving collaboration among government agencies, food industry stakeholders, consumers, and civil society organizations is imperative to enhance food safety in developing countries such as Nepal.
Influence of milling processing on mineral and proximate composition of maize products
Authors: Asiedu Enoch Sam Sakyi , Kpodo Fidelis Mawunyo , Owusu Nana Kofi , Dzah Courage Sedem , Nyasordzi Juliana , Awude Emelia , Kortei Nii Korley 
Published: November 2024

AbstractMaize and maize products are major staples consumed worldwide and contain dietary nutrients essential for human nutrition. Processing methods influence the safety and nutritional quality of maize products. This study investigated the effect of different milling processing factors on the mineral and proximate composition of maize products. The study also estimated the contribution of maize products to daily mineral intake. An atomic absorption spectrophotometer was used to determine the mineral content of samples. Proximate composition was determined using methods of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists. A multiple 24‐h dietary recall was used to estimate daily mineral intake of respondents who consume maize products in a cross‐sectional study. The results obtained showed that milling methods influenced the mineral and proximate compositions of the maize products. Mineral content in the milled maize samples followed the order P > Mg > Zn > Fe. The wet milling method retained the highest Fe and P contents, whereas the dried milled sample showed an increased Mg content. The estimated daily mineral intakes of participants were below the World Health Organization recommended standard limits. The respondents were at risk of deficiency of the minerals Fe and Mg. Public health education on sufficient dietary intake of these essential minerals should be intensified.