bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
microRNA‐193b protects against myocardial ischemia‐reperfusion injury in mouse by targeting mastermind‐like 1
Authors: Zhang Jinzhu , Niu Jingjing , Tian Baoqing , Zhao Meng 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe current study aimed to explore the functions and roles of microRNA‐193b (miR‐193b) in the myocardium with ischemia‐reperfusion (I/R) injury and a potential therapeutic method for myocardial I/R injury. The mice were subjected to myocardial I/R with or without miR‐193b pretreatment. The infarct size and myocardial enzymes were detected. The terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick‐end labeling assay was conducted to investigate the effect of miR‐193b on cardiomyocyte apoptosis. The expression levels of miR‐193b and mastermind‐like 1 (MAML1) were validated by quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analysis. The results suggested that the miR‐193b expression level was significantly downregulated in the myocardium with I/R injury compared with control group. miR‐193b overexpression is able to reduce infarct size and myocardial enzymes after myocardial I/R injury. Furthermore, overexpression of miR‐193b could alleviate the apoptosis level after myocardial I/R injury. Taken together, the present study demonstrated that upregulated miRNA‐193b alleviated myocardial I/R injury via targeting MAML1.
Identification of natural compound inhibitors against PfDXR: A hybrid structure‐based molecular modeling approach and molecular dynamics simulation studies
Authors: Manhas Anu , Patel Dhaval , Lone Mohsin Y. , Jha Prakash C. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractIn the present contribution, multicomplex‐based pharmacophore studies were carried out on the structural proteome of Plasmodium falciparum 1‐deoxy‐D‐xylulose‐5‐phosphate reductoisomerase. Among the constructed models, a representative model with complementary features, accountable for the inhibition was used as a primary filter for the screening of database molecules. Auxiliary evaluations of the screened molecules were performed via drug‐likeness and molecular docking studies. Subsequently, the stability of the docked inhibitors was envisioned by molecular dynamics simulations, principle component analysis, and molecular mechanics‐Poisson‐Boltzmann surface area‐based free binding energy calculations. The stability assessment of the hits was done by comparing with the reference (beta‐substituted fosmidomycin analog, LC5) to prioritize more potent candidates. All the complexes showed stable dynamic behavior while three of them displayed higher binding free energy compared with the reference. The work resulted in the identification of the compounds with diverse scaffolds, which could be used as initial leads for the design of novel PfDXR inhibitors.
Family‐based Association between Allele T of rs4646536 in CYP27B1 and vitamin D deficiency
Authors: Yu Songcheng , Li Xing , Wang Yan , Mao Zhenxing , Xie Yuanchen , Zhang Lin , Wang Chongjian , Li Wenjie 
Published: April 2019

BackgroundThe circulating concentration of 25(OH)D is widely applied to indicate the vitamin D status, as the directly metabolic genes of 25(OH)D, CYP2R1, and CYP27B1 are associated with the concentration of 25(OH)D. However, the contributions of allelic transmission disequilibrium of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in these genes to vitamin D deficiency remain unclear. We aimed at investigating the family‐based association between SNPs of CYP2R1 and CYP27B1 and vitamin D deficiency.MethodFirst, SNPs selected in family‐based study were screened by a pilot case‐control study. Second, allelic transmissions of the selected SNPs were investigated with family‐based study (n = 880). Finally, associations between selected SNPs and the concentration of 25(OH)D were verified in siblings (n = 120).ResultsThe results of the pilot case‐control study indicated that both CT and TT genotypes of rs4646536 in CYP27B1 could increase the susceptibility of vitamin D deficiency when compared with CC genotype. The adjusted ORs were 2.846 (95%CI 1.312‐6.174, P = 0.008) and 2.609 (95%CI 1.197‐5.687, P = 0.016), respectively. Furthermore, the results of family‐based association test suggested that there was transmission disequilibrium for allele T of rs4646536 in vitamin D deficiency families. In addition, the concentration of 25(OH)D3 for CC genotype was higher than CT genotype between siblings (P = 0.016).ConclusionsTransmission disequilibrium of allele T of rs4646536 is associated with vitamin D deficiency.
Well‐being in Patients with Affective Disorders Compared to Nonclinical Participants: A Multi‐Model Evaluation of the Mental Health Continuum‐Short Form
Authors: Ferentinos Panagiotis , Yotsidi Vasiliki , Porichi Evgenia , Douzenis Athanassios , Papageorgiou Charalambos , Stalikas Anastassios 
Published: April 2019

AbstractObjectivesThe Mental Health Continuum‐Short Form (MHC‐SF), measuring emotional, social, and psychological well‐being, has scarcely been validated in clinical populations. We evaluated MHC‐SF in 203 patients with affective disorders and 163 nonclinical participants.MethodTraditional confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), bifactor CFA, three‐factor exploratory structural equation modeling (ESEM), and bifactor ESEM models were compared. Convergent/discriminant validity was tested against classic well‐being validators and current mood state.ResultsAll three subscales were significantly lower in patients. Test‐retest reliability in patients was moderate. Bifactor ESEM fitted data best and displayed full scalar gender and partial scalar invariance across groups. Factor strength indices suggested that MHC‐SF is primarily unidimensional, especially in patients. However, subscales differed considerably on size, internal consistency, distinctness, discriminant validity, and temporal stability.ConclusionsMHC‐SF was valid and reliable for monitoring well‐being in both clinical and nonclinical samples, but further research is needed before safely concluding on its dimensionality.
Longitudinal relations between trauma‐related psychological distress and physical aggression among urban early adolescents
Authors: Thompson Erin L. , Farrell Albert D. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThere is convincing evidence that trauma‐related psychological distress and aggressive behavior are highly related among adolescents. The evidence is less clear regarding the direction of this relation.Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine reciprocal longitudinal relations between trauma‐related distress and physical aggression.Method: A predominantly African American sample of early adolescents (N = 2,271; mean age = 12.9) living in an urban, under‐resourced community participated in this investigation. The current study used autoregressive cross‐lagged models to examine changes across four waves of data within each grade of middle school.Results: Support was found for trauma‐related distress uniquely predicting increased levels of physical aggression. This effect was consistent across gender and within and across middle school grades. Conversely, physical aggression did not predict changes in trauma‐related distress.Conclusions: Violence prevention efforts should routinely screen for trauma‐related distress.
Introduction: Novel perspectives on the psychology and psychotherapy of eating disorders
Authors: Latzer Yael , Stein Daniel 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe aim of this introduction to this issue is to review and summarize significant new psychological perspectives and psychotherapeutic interventions in the treatment of eating disorder (EDs). In this issue, five novel therapeutic strategies for the treatment of EDs are presented. These include a combination of psychodynamic psychotherapy and neuropsychology, two recent modifications of cognitive behavioral therapy (the MANTRA, and the conceptualization of change in patients with ED in terms of sense of agency), a specific group movement therapy, and an innovative rehabilitation treatment. In addition, one article offers an historic review of the development of psychotherapy of EDs, and two articles highlight specific considerations related to the treatment of EDs: compulsory treatment, and culturally sensitive treatment.
The link between sleep disturbances and suicidal thoughts and behaviors in remitted bipolar I patients
Authors: Fekih‐Romdhane Feten , Jendoubi Jihen , Saguem Bochra Nourhène , Ridha Rym , Cheour Majda 
Published: April 2019

Abstract:ObjectiveWe aimed to evaluate the links between different sleep parameters and suicidal ideation and behavior in remitted bipolar I patients.MethodsOne hundred eight remitted bipolar I patients were recruited from the psychiatry department of Razi Hospital. The third item of the “Hamilton Depression Rating Scale” was used to evaluate current suicidal behaviors. Circadian typology, daytime sleepiness and sleep quality were evaluated using the “Horne and Ostberg Morningness‐Eveningness Questionnaire,” the “Epworth Sleepiness Scale,” and the “Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index,” respectively.ResultsCurrent suicidal ideation and behavior were significantly associated with circadian typology, daytime sleepiness, and sleep quality. After controlling for demographic variables (age and gender) and psychosocial factors (depression and substance use), suicidal ideation significantly contributed to sleep quality. Depression was a significant predictor within the second step when entered with other psychosocial variables; however, once suicide variables were included, depression was no longer a significant predictor.ConclusionsAn evaluation of sleep's quality should be included in the suicide risk assessment of bipolar I patients.
Overexpression of microRNA‐186 inhibits angiogenesis in retinoblastoma via the Hedgehog signaling pathway by targeting ATAD2
Authors: Wu Shuai , Han Mei , Zhang Chao 
Published: April 2019

AbstractRetinoblastoma (RB) represents an aggressive malignancy in the eye during the period of infancy and childhood. We delineated the ability of microRNA‐186 (miR‐186) to influence viability, invasion, migration, angiogenesis, and apoptosis of RB via the Hedgehog signaling pathway by targeting AAA domain‐containing protein 2 (ATAD2). The microarray‐based analysis was adopted to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to RB. Subsequently, RB cells were treated with miR‐186 mimic, miR‐186 inhibitor, or si‐ATAD2. The expression of miR‐186, ATAD2, Hedgehog signaling pathway‐related genes were evaluated, and the target relationship between miR‐186 and ATAD2 was verified. Finally, cell proliferation, invasion, migration, apoptosis, and angiogenesis were assessed. ATAD2 was identified as a DEG and modulated by miR‐186. Moreover, we revealed that ATAD2 was highly expressed, whereas miR‐186 was lowly expressed, and the Hedgehog signaling pathway was activated in RB. Then, ATAD2 as a putative target of miR‐186 was validated using a luciferase assay. miR‐186 mimic or siRNA‐ATAD2 in RB cells reduced cell viability, invasion, and migration coordinating with elevated apoptosis via impairing the Hedgehog signaling pathway, where repressed angiogenesis was observed. Overexpression of miR‐186 attenuates RB via the inactivation of the Hedgehog signaling pathway by downregulating ATAD2.
Aluminum chloride causes 5‐fluorouracil resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells
Authors: Li Mengling , Cui Zheng‐guo , Zakki Shahbaz Ahmad , Feng Qianwen , Sun Lu , Feril Loreto B. , Inadera Hidekuni 
Published: April 2019

AbstractChemoresistance is one of the major obstacles in chemotherapy‐based hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) intervention. Aluminum (Al) is an environmental pollutant that plays a vital role in carcinogenesis, tumorigenesis, and metastasis. However, the effect of Al on chemoresistance remains unknown. 5‐Fluorouracil (5‐FU) is a widely used antitumor drug. Therefore, we investigated the effects of aluminum chloride (AlCl3) on the chemoresistance of HepG2 cells to 5‐FU and explored the underlying mechanisms of these effects. The results demonstrated that AlCl3 pretreatment attenuated 5‐FU‐induced apoptosis through Erk activation and reversed 5‐FU‐induced cell cycle arrest by downregulating p‐Chk2Thr68 levels. In addition, AlCl3 markedly increased the levels of proteins associated with cell migration, such as MMP‐2 and MMP‐9. Further investigation demonstrated that an Erk inhibitor (U0126) reversed the AlCl3‐induced decrease in apoptosis, enhancement of cell cycle progression, promotion of cell migration, and attenuation of oxidative stress. In summary, AlCl3 induced chemoresistance to 5‐FU in HepG2 cells. The present study suggests a potential influence of AlCl3 on 5‐FU therapy. These findings may help others to understand and properly address the resistance of HCC to chemotherapeutic agents.
The effects of training on hormonal concentrations in young soccer players
Authors: Muscella Antonella , Vetrugno Carla , Spedicato Mirko , Stefàno Erika , Marsigliante Santo 
Published: April 2019

AbstractTo test the hypothesis that football training would be accompanied by physiological adaptations and hormonal changes, we analyzed the effects of a whole football season on physical fitness and hormonal concentrations in youth football players. Male football players (n = 29, age 16.51 ± 0.7 years) in a regional professional league and male healthy control subjects (n = 30, age 17.1 ± 1 years) participated to the study. Blood cortisol, testosterone, and growth hormone (hGH) concentrations were assayed before the beginning of the training period (T0), just after the training period (T1), at the middle of the season (T2), and at the end of the season (T3). In each period physical tests and anthropometric measurements were also performed. Results showed significant differences in basal values of cortisol, testosterone, and growth hormone (hGH) in the four time points evaluated (P < 0.01). In addition, the concentrations of hGH were higher in the soccer players group than in control subjects (P < 0.001). Between the start of the training period and the end of the football season significant differences were observed in the anthropometric characteristics and in the physical form of the football players. Furthermore, the hormonal status was significantly correlated with the indicators of the lower limb power (squat‐jump [SqJ], and counter‐movement‐jump [CMJ]) and those of aerobic performance (Yo–Yo intermittent recovery test level 1 (YYIRT1) and maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max)).These data underscore the importance of establishing training protocols that present the potential to promote positive adaptations without, at the same time, provoking overtraining of young players.
A Convenient Synthesis of Pyrazole‐imidazoline Derivatives by Microwave Irradiation
Authors: de S. Rosa Getúlio , Souto Bernardo A. , Pereira Cynthia N. , Teixeira Bruna C. , dos Santos Maurício S. 
Published: April 2019

A series of 28 hybrids pyrazole‐imidazolines 1a–n and 2a–n were synthesized by a new methodology using microwave irradiation, in short time (20–30 min), in low power (50–70 W), and in 34–92% yield. Among all methodologies evaluated, no side products were obtained. All derivatives were completely characterized by FT–IR, 1H and 13C NMR, GC–MS, and HRMS.
Changes of volatile organic compounds and bioactivity of Alternaria brassicae GL07 in different ages
Authors: Pan Yun , Jin Hongjie , Yang Shengli , Liu Hong 
Published: April 2019

AbstractPlant endophytes are rich in secondary metabolites and are widely used in medicine, chemical, food, agriculture, and other fields. Here, an endophytic fungus is isolated from Ginkgo biloba L. leaves and identified as Alternaria brassicae GL07 through genotypic characterizations. It can produce fruity scented volatiles. The analysis of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) was done by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. A total of 32 components were identified; and at different culture times, the composition of VOCs was different. It had more components in the first two weeks, but a fewer components on the 21st day. More olefins, ketone, aldehyde, and alcohol were found in the growth period and more amines and esters were found in the decline period. Also, 2,5‐dihydroxyacetophenone, β‐ionone, and nonanal were found. They were the same ingredients in Ginkgo essential oils and some of them were isolated for the first time in the volatile constituents of endophytes. The antioxidant activity and whitening activities of all extracts were also evaluated. When cultured for 10 days, it had the strongest 2,2‐diphenyl‐2‐picrylhydrazyl radical (IC50, 0.56 g/L), hydroxyl radical scavenging ability (IC50, 0.47 g/L), reducing ability, and tyrosinase inhibition ability (IC50, 5.18 g/L), which may be due to a large amount of ketones and alcohols produced during the log phase. This demonstrates the potential of A. brassicae GL07 to produce bioactive compounds and to be used for perfume and cosmetic industries.
Assessment of the appropriateness of meningitis management and drug utilisation: a prospective audit for implementing an antimicrobial stewardship program
Authors: Elba Ghada 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBackgroundBacterial and viral meningitis are two life‐threatening diseases that pose a socioeconomic burden on many developing countries such as Egypt. Inappropriate management is the main factor contributing to this burden.AimAssess the appropriateness of management of bacterial and viral meningitis in accordance with the Infectious Diseases Society of America guidelines and to evaluate the drugs used.MethodsA prospective observational audit study was conducted in a teaching hospital in Egypt to evaluate the appropriateness of meningitis management as part of implementing a proposed institutional antibiotic stewardship program. Fifty‐eight patients met the inclusion criteria. A threshold between 90 and 100% was considered to measure the appropriateness as according to the World Health Organization drug use evaluation guidelines.ResultsViral meningitis affected more than 60% of patients. The empirical regimen consisted primarily of penicillin, ceftriaxone and dexamethasone. The mean duration of the first antimicrobial and antiviral doses were 1.55h and 19–22h respectively. Non‐compliance with standard practice guidelines due to wrong regimen selection was detected in more than 60% of patients. Fewer than 10% of patients received the correct dexamethasone regimen and fewer than 20% of patients had a follow‐up lumbar puncture. The mean length of stay was 9–12 days. Non‐compliance with guidelines resulted in extra charges for more than 70% of patients.ConclusionsOverall compliance with standard practice guidelines was below the proposed thresholds and misuse of drugs, especially antibiotics, was obvious. Institutional antimicrobial stewardship programs are essential to improve the quality of care and to limit medication misuse.
Variability of compounded topical 0.2% nifedipine formulations
Authors: Barak Nir , Rice Howard , Kamsler Ariel 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBackgroundThis aim of the study was to conduct a quality analysis of compounded formulations of topical nifedipine 0.2% obtained from retail compounding pharmacies.MethodsNifedipine preparations were purchased in triplicate (refills two weeks apart) from nine commercial compounding pharmacies and assessed for: (1) label and information in compliance with regulations; (2) content homogeneity, determined by content assessment of samples from the top, middle and bottom of each preparation and microscopic assessment of crystals; (3) prescription uniformity (i.e. determining the content of each of the refills compared with the first prescription dispensed); and (4) microbiological contamination.ResultsOnly two providers labelled the product as a compounded product, and only one compounder included a lot or batch number and storage instructions. Of the 81 samples (from nine pharmacies) analysed, only 22 complied with the US Pharmacopoeia standard for potency being 90–115% of label claim; the lowest potency detected was 48.5% and the highest was 157.5%.ConclusionPatients prescribed topical 0.2% nifedipine received compounded formulations that were incorrectly or inappropriately labelled and with considerable variability in potency and content uniformity.
Sarcomas of the mandible
Authors: Petrovic Ivana , Ahmed Zain U. , Hay Ashley , Rosen Evan B. , Lu Chuanyong , Hameed Meera , Shah Jatin P. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractIntroductionSarcomas of the mandible are extremely rare tumors, with osteosarcoma being the most common, followed by Ewing's sarcomaMaterials and methodsA retrospective review of the clinical records, imaging studies, and pathology slides of patients with sarcoma of the mandible at a Tertiary Care Cancer Center from 1998 to 2014 was undertaken. The impact of neoadjuvant chemotherapy and postoperative radiotherapy with or without chemotherapy was studied, and factors impacting upon local control and disease‐specific survival were analyzed.ResultsTwenty‐two patients were treated over the study period, comprising of 15 males and seven females. External swelling, intraoral growth, or facial numbness were the presenting symptoms. Eighteen patients had osteosarcoma and four had the Ewing's sarcoma. Nine patients received neoadjuvant chemotherapy. All but one patient underwent surgery. Eleven had negative margins, with 90% recurrence‐free survival at 3 years, compared to 10 with positive or close margins, leading to 67% recurrence‐free survival. None of the patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy developed recurrence and all were alive at 3 years. The impact of postoperative radiotherapy or adjuvant chemotherapy was not statistically significant.ConclusionsWide surgical resection with negative margins remains the hallmark of surgical treatment.
Carbonized cotton fibers via a facile method for highly sensitive solid‐phase microextraction of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
Authors: Li Chunying , Sun Min , Ji Xiangping , Han Sen , Wang Xiuqin , Tian Yu , Feng Juanjuan 
Published: April 2019

AbstractCotton fiber is an environmentally friendly and natural material with a certain extraction capacity, while its enrichment ability is poor. In order to improve the extraction efficiency of cotton fibers, it was carbonized to form a layer of amorphous carbon as the sorbent by a simple carbonization method. Carbonized cotton fibers were filled into a polyetheretherketone tube for in‐tube solid‐phase microextraction. The carbonization time was investigated to obtain high extraction efficiency. Coupled to high‐performance liquid chromatography, the extraction tube was evaluated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, estrogens and phthalates, and it exhibited best extraction efficiency for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Under the optimum conditions, an online analysis method for several polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons was established with large linear ranges (0.016–0.20 μg/L), low limits of detection (0.005–0.020 μg/L), and high enrichment factors (948–2874). Analysis method was successfully applied to the detection of targets in the real samples and shown satisfactory durability and chemical stability. Moreover, the relative recoveries ranged from 82 to 119.2%, which demonstrated the applicability of carbonized cotton fibers in sample preparation. Compared with other reported methods, the proposed method provided shorter extraction time, higher enrichment factors, comparable limits of detection, and recoveries.