bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bioinspired Unidirectional Silk Fibroin–Silver Compound Nanowire Composite Scaffold via Interface‐Mediated In Situ Synthesis
Authors: Xue Jingzhe , Gao Huai‐Ling , Wang Xiang‐Ying , Qian Kun‐Yu , Yang Yuan , He Tao , He Chuanxin , Lu Yang , Yu Shu‐Hong 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBioinspired unidirectional porous materials have emerged as a unique class of scaffolds for the fabrication of macroscopic nanomaterial assemblies. However, these scaffolds usually serve simply as mechanical carriers to support various building blocks. Here, we report that the unidirectional silk fibroin scaffold can not only act as a carrier, but also serve as a controllable multiscale reactor to achieve the in situ synthesis of a Ag3PO4 nanowire network anchored to ordered channels. Both the silk fibroin matrix and the interface play important roles in the nucleation and growth of the Ag3PO4 nanowires. This unidirectional composite scaffold can be used for efficient water disinfection. Furthermore, the facile chemical transformation of Ag3PO4 in the composite scaffold into Ag2S provided an analogous unidirectional composite silk scaffold that displays both efficient solar water evaporation effect and antibacterial activity. It is expected that this method can be extended to fabricate a series of silk‐based unidirectional composite scaffolds with varying functionalities.
Conversion to Chlorhexidine Gluconate for Perioperative Vaginal Preparation: An Evidence‐Based Process Improvement Project
Authors: Lee Amy S. D. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractSurgical site infections (SSIs) occur during the postoperative period and involve the operative site. To lower the occurrence of SSIs in their patient population, the gynecology SSI prevention committee at a large academic medical institution initiated a process improvement project examining vaginal antiseptic skin prep solutions. Some studies indicate that chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG) is superior to povidone‐iodine in the reduction of microbial skin counts and SSIs. After reviewing the available literature, the committee members determined there was an opportunity to make an evidence‐based practice change and realize significant cost savings by converting povidone‐iodine prepping kits to CHG prepping kits for vaginal procedures. The committee members worked with perioperative and facility leaders to revise the vaginal preparation policy, provide staff member education, and convert to CHG prepping kits. Facility leaders supported this cost‐saving conversion for all perioperative units, and the project led to a successful, large‐scale, evidence‐based process improvement.
Estimation of the solubility with cosolvent composition by combinated of the Williams–Amidon model with quasi virial coefficient
Authors: Wang Haiyang , Zhang Xinwei 
Published: July 2019

AbstractA new model that combined the Williams–Amidon model with quasi virial coefficient (WA‐QVC) was proposed. Compared with the log‐linear model, the modified Wilson model, and the Williams–Amidon model, the WA‐QVC model has the highest accuracy to correlate the solubility for cosolvent composition, R2>0.999. For lutelin, it can be seen that the order of R2 was WA‐QVC>WA>MW>L‐L, while the order of root‐mean‐square deviation was WA‐QVC<WA<MW<L‐L. Subsequently, the physical meaning of several model parameters of B1, X1, B2, B3, and α were discussed and described by the Apelblat model, the exponential model, and the quadratic equation. In addition, the WA‐QVC model was tested and verified by solubility data of different solutes in different mixture with higher accuracy, indicating that the WA‐QVC model has great application prospect.
Membrane functionalization using bisamide‐based organic frameworks for molecular weight cutoff reduction
Authors: Wagh Priyesh , Spencer John , Steele Brandon , Escobar Isabel C. 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTFunctional polymers or copolymers have been added to separations membranes by incorporating them in the membrane dope prior to casting, by in situ polymerization, and by postsynthesis surface modification of existing membranes. Here, a postsynthesis membrane functionalization that targeted decreasing the molecular weight cutoff (MWCO) and increasing the hydrophilicity without significantly decreasing the operating flux was studied. Hybrid bisamide molecules with added amine and carboxylic acid functionalities as end groups were synthesized to form a selective layer on membrane surface via covalent attachment to the membrane. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis showed the functional groups corresponding to bisamide molecules were present on modified membranes. Furthermore, modified membranes displayed MWCO of 400 Da as compared to 1000 Da MWCO of unmodified membranes, along with an increase in the hydrophilicity of modified membranes. Modified membranes showed an improvement in divalent salt rejection and percent flux recovered after reverse‐flow filtration as compared to unmodified membranes. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020, 137, 48327.
Multispectral remote sensing for post‐dictive analysis of archaeological remains. A case study from Bronte (Sicily)
Authors: Gennaro Andrea , Candiano Alessio , Fargione Gabriele , Mangiameli Michele , Mussumeci Giuseppe 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIn recent years, the use of remote sensing in archeology has rapidly grown, having being proven particularly useful for landscape archaeology investigations. The quality of results obtained through remote sensing mainly depends on the number of bands that can be exploited, the spatial and spectral resolution of imagery and the methodology used. In this work, adopting a post‐dictive approach, multispectral remote sensing data from World‐View 2 (WV‐2) were used in order to detect archaeological features in the volcanic area of Bronte (Sicily, Italy), a town 40 km from Catania. The selected area lies in the western slope of Etna, inside the boundary of Etna Park. Here, the archaeological research is affected by specific problems. The geology and the spontaneous vegetation of this fascinating environment represents one of the biggest issues. The entire research was conducted using free and open source software (FOSS) within a low‐cost logic that allows study of landscapes using limited budget. The strategy developed in our study is directed towards a post‐dictive approach to archeological data and remote sensing techniques. We analyzed an area where archeological buildings are now visible, but WV‐2 multispectral images have been deliberately selected prior to the archaeological excavations carried out in 2015. In this way, we can evaluate and test instruments and techniques at our disposal, emphasizing weaknesses and strengths. The final results illustrate the benefits and challenges of performing multispectral imagines for archaeological investigations. The use of some of the most promising vegetation indices, especially Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Simple Ratio Index (SRI), is analysed and discussed, while the post‐dictive approach suggests that the more useful bands are undoubtedly NIR_1 and RED_EDGE.
Stability analysis and a hybrid controller design of grid‐connected offshore wind farm through a VSC‐HVDC transmission link
Authors: Srikakulapu Ramu , U Vinatha 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThis paper proposes a hybrid controller which is a combination sliding mode control and PI control techniques for AC grid integrated offshore wind farm (OSWF) with voltage source converter ‐ high voltage direct current system. The controller must be capable of controlling AC voltage, DC‐link voltage, reactive power and effective power transfer. To examine the FRT capability, a symmetrical fault is applied at onshore AC grid side and compared the performances of the studied system based on the hybrid and PI controllers. The dynamic modelling and linearized system by state‐space modelling for the studied system are explained in detail. The small signal stability analysis and controller stability are observed with the help of the eigenvalue analysis. The analysis of the studied system with a hybrid and conventional controllers are conducted in the software environment of the MATLAB/SIMULINK. The effect of parameter uncertainty on total system stability is examined with the help of eigenmatrix of the studied system.
The reliability and validity of the social responsiveness scale to measure autism symptomology in Vietnamese children
Authors: Nguyen Phuong H. , Ocansey Maku E. , Miller Meghan , Le Dung T. K. , Schmidt Rebecca J. , Prado Elizabeth L. 
Published: July 2019

The Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS) has been validated in high‐income countries but not yet in low‐ and middle‐income countries. We aimed to assess the reliability of the SRS in a community sample and its validity to discriminate between children with and without autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in Vietnam. We used a three‐phase study: piloting the translated SRS, reliability testing, and validation of the SRS in 158 Vietnamese caretakers and their children (ages 4–9 years). We examined reliability, validity and sensitivity, and specificity to ASD diagnosis. We applied receiver operator characteristic (ROC) analysis to determine optimal cutoff scores discriminating the children with ASD from those without ASD. We also assessed the performance of the SRS short form. We found that reliability was good with high internal consistency (0.88–0.89), test–retest reliability (0.82–0.83), sensitivity (93%), and specificity (98%) for identification of children with ASD. The ROC curves were similar for total raw score and total T‐score, with the area under the curve (AUC) values reaching 0.98 and the optimal cutoff of 62 for raw scores and 60 for T‐scores. The SRS short form also performed well in distinguishing children with ASD from children without ASD, with high AUC (0.98), sensitivity (90%), and specificity (98%) when using a raw score of 15 as a cutoff. In conclusion, the translated and culturally adapted SRS shows good reliability, validity, and sensitivity for identification of children with ASD in Vietnam. Both SRS long and short forms performed adequately to discriminate between children with and without ASD. Autism Res 2019, 00: 1–13. © 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Lay SummaryMiddle‐income countries often lack validated tools to evaluate autism symptoms. The Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS) translated to Vietnamese was reliable and performed well to distinguish between children with and without autism spectrum disorder in Vietnam. The Vietnamese SRS, and translations of the tool to other languages with this methodology, may be useful in pediatric practice, potentially allowing providers to make more appropriate referrals for diagnostic evaluations and identify children for intervention to help them fulfill their developmental potential.
Determinants of the magnitude of response to vitamin D supplementation in adolescent girls identified using a decision tree algorithm
Authors: Gonoodi Kayhan , Tayefi Maryam , Bahrami Afsane , Amirabadi Zadeh Alireza , Ferns Gordon A. , Mohammadi Farzaneh , Eslami Saeid , Ghayour Mobarhan Majid 
Published: July 2019

AbstractVitamin D (VitD) supplementation is an inexpensive and effective approach for improving VitD insufficiency/deficiency. However, the response to supplementation, with respect to the increase in serum 25(OH)D level varies between individuals. In this study, we have assessed the factors associated with the response to VitD supplementation using a decision‐tree algorithm. Serum VitD levels, pre‐ and post‐VitD supplementation was used as the determinant of responsiveness. The model was validated by constructing a receiver operating characteristic curve. Serum VitD at baseline levels was at the apex of the tree in our model, followed by serum low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglyceride, age, waist‐hip ratio, and high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol. Our model suggests that these determinants of responsiveness to VitD supplementation had sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy, 59.4, 75.8 and 69.3%, respectively. The decision tree model appears to be a relatively accurate, specific, and sensitive approach for identifying the factors associated with response to VitD supplementation.
The choice is yours: The effects of optional questions in engineering examinations
Authors: Aleem Abdul , Gore Manoj Madhava 
Published: July 2019

AbstractExaminers may provide optional questions in the question paper of any examination. It gives examinees the choice to select their options to complete the set of the required number of questions for answering. The examinees may choose to answer the questions from the well‐prepared portions of the subject. Some examinees misuse this facility by answering more than the required questions. Few examinees mess up the serial number of questions in the answer sheet. These acts of examinees sometimes create issues in marks awarding process, which raises doubt on the fairness of the evaluation process. This article reviews the contribution of optional questions in engineering semester examinations and analyzes the effects of improper behavior practiced by some of the examinees. Two surveys were conducted to gather perspectives on optional questions from examiners and examinees, respectively. The answering behavior of examinees vis‐á‐vis optional questions have been analyzed through the investigation of answer sheets, which were written for engineering semester examinations. Association rule mining methods have been applied on the gathered data to discover interesting hidden facts about tackling of optional questions. On the basis of findings, the article recommends further actions that need to be taken for effective utilization of optional question and question with optional subparts. The review of the effects of optional questions is a novel study and has not been dealt with in the literature for furthering the quality of engineering education.
The establishment of immune infiltration based novel recurrence predicting nomogram in prostate cancer
Authors: Meng Jialin , Liu Yi , Guan Shiyang , Fan Song , Zhou Jun , Zhang Meng , Liang Chaozhao 
Published: July 2019

AbstractProstate cancer (PCa), a severe health burden for males, accounts for the second frequent cancer and fifth tumor specific death cancer around the world. Several studies on tumor‐infiltrating immune cells (TIICs) have shown inconsistent and controversial results to PCa. We downloaded a gene expression matrix and clinical information from TCGA, and CIBERSORT was used to identify the proportion of TIICs. Wilcoxon's Sign Rank Test evaluated different gene expression levels in PCa and normal tissues. Kaplan‐Meier curves were used to evaluate the associations of TIICs and recurrence‐free survival (RFS). Finally, based on the preset P‐value of .05, the distribution of TIICs in 73 PCa tissues and 11 normal tissues was illustrated. Activated CD4+ T cells and M0 macrophages account for a high proportion in PCa tissues, while neutrophils and monocytes were found at a high density in normal tissues. Further results showed that the density of plasma cells, Treg cells and resting mast cells were associated with advanced PCa. Additionally, M2 macrophages affected the RFS of PCa patients, and AR was also involved. In the current study, we first evaluated the immune infiltration among PCa and revealed that M2 macrophages could predict the prognosis of PCa patients. Meanwhile, based on the LASSO regression analysis, we established a novel nomogram to assess the recurrence risk of PCa based on immune cell proportions and clinical features.
Group efficacy as a moderator on the associations between perceived discrimination, acculturation orientations, and psychological well‐being
Authors: Bagci Sabahat Cigdem , Canpolat Esra 
Published: July 2019

AbstractWe investigated whether associations between perceived discrimination (PD), acculturation orientations (desire for culture maintenance and desire for contact), and well‐being (psychological well‐being and life satisfaction) were moderated by group efficacy beliefs—the extent to which group members believe in their ability to achieve social change collectively. We recruited 163 Syrian refugees (Mage = 36.43, SD = 12.68; 88 females and 75 males) from a south‐eastern city in Turkey. PD was negatively associated with desire for culture maintenance and positively associated with desire for contact, indicating an assimilation trend as a response to PD. Both acculturation orientations in turn predicted well‐being positively. However, the ones with higher group efficacy did not experience the detrimental effects of PD on well‐being and indicated a stronger desire for contacting mainstream society. Further conditional indirect effects demonstrated that only among the ones with lower group efficacy, PD was related to lower psychological well‐being through reduced culture maintenance. Findings indicate the critical role of group efficacy beliefs in the understanding of disadvantaged group members' reactions to PD.
Catalytic Disproportionation of Formic Acid to Methanol by an Iridium Complex Immobilized on Bipyridine‐Periodic Mesoporous Organosilica
Authors: Yamaguchi Sho , Maegawa Yoshifumi , Onishi Naoya , Kanega Ryoichi , Waki Minoru , Himeda Yuichiro , Inagaki Shinji 
Published: July 2019

AbstractWe report the first example of using heterogeneous Iridium (Ir) catalysts under atmospheric pressure conditions to achieve the catalytic disproportionation of formic acid to methanol. IrCp* complex (Cp*=pentamethylcyclopentadienyl (ɳ5‐C5Me5)) was immobilized on the pore surface of the periodic mesoporous organosilica synthesized from a precursor mixture of ethane (Et) and 2,2′‐bipyridine (BPy)‐bridged organosilanes (Ir‐Et‐BPy‐PMO). Ir‐Et‐BPy‐PMO showed unique catalysis with higher selectivity of methanol compared to homogeneous Ir‐BPy complexes. Furthermore, Ir‐Et‐BPy‐PMO exhibited high reusability without any noticeable decrease in activity for at least five times with no leaching of Ir species during the reaction. The increase in methanol selectivity of Ir‐Et‐BPy‐PMO would be attributed to the unique confinement effect in the mesochannels with their high aspect ratio for the retention of generated H2/CO2, which suppresses the competing formic acid dehydrogenation and promotes the formic acid hydrogenation.
Insights on the One‐Pot Formation of 1,5‐Pentanediol from Furfural with Co−Al Spinel‐based Nanoparticles as an Alternative to Noble Metal Catalysts
Authors: Gavilà L. , Lähde A. , Jokiniemi J. , Constanti M. , Medina F. , del Río E. , Tichit D. , Álvarez M. G. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractCoAl‐spinel nanoparticles prepared by liquid‐feed flame spray pyrolysis (L−F FSP) and activated by reduction at different temperatures were used to investigate the hydrogenation process of furfural (FA) under mild conditions. Reduction of the spinel at 500 °C resulted in high FA conversion and selectivity to furfuryl alcohol (FFA, 81 % yield, in 1 hour). Reduction at higher temperatures (i. e., 700 and 850 °C) led to the direct formation of diols (i. e., 1,5‐PeD and 1,2‐PeD) from FA. The differences in activity are attributed to the formation of surface metallic cobalt nanoparticles upon reduction at high temperature. A maximum of 30 % 1,5‐PeD was yielded after 8 hours of reaction under the optimized conditions of150 °C, 30 bar of H2 and with 40 mg of catalyst reduced at 700 °C. This is the first report on the direct catalytic conversion of furfural to1,5‐pentanediol with a non‐noble metal solid catalyst.
Electrochemical Cycling‐Induced Amorphization of Cobalt(II,III) Oxide for Stable High Surface Area Oxygen Evolution Electrocatalysts
Authors: Gupta Prashant Kumar , Saha Sulay , Gyanprakash Maurya , Kishor Koshal , S. Pala Raj Ganesh 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe activity of electrocatalysts critically depends on the chemical coordination around the active sites. Amorphous materials have short‐range atomic ordering while their crystalline counterparts have both short and long‐range ordering. Traditional synthesis of amorphous materials, involving quenching from high temperatures is unsuitable as it results in less porosity and surface area. In this context, room‐temperature syntheses of high surface area amorphous materials with high activity are desirable. Here, we contrast two electrochemical synthesis procedures for generating high surface area amorphous Co3O4 at room temperature via electrochemical ion intercalation/deintercalation and surface oxidation/reduction cycles and evaluate their performance for electrocatalytic oxygen evolution reaction (OER). In the first approach, Li‐ion is used for the intercalation/deintercalation (Li/D−Li) cycles in Co3O4, which leads to expansion and contraction of structure, inducing amorphization of Co3O4 by the pulverization of crystal structure in non‐aqueous medium. In the second approach, rapid electrochemical surface oxidation/reduction (Ox/Red) of Co3O4 in the aqueous medium leads to the formation of a metastable amorphous structure. The OER specific activity (activity per unit electrochemical surface area) for Li/D−Li−Co3O4 is ∼3.5 times and Ox/Red‐ Co3O4 induced amorphization is ∼2.5 times higher than their crystalline Co3O4. The superior OER metrics of both the room‐temperature amorphization techniques are rationalized via the increase in the ratio of Co2+/Co3+ obtained from the Co‐2p XPS spectra. Further, the decrease in overall polarization resistance per site for the OER reaction for both amorphous samples were analyzed from the Tafel plot and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). In Li/D−Li−Co3O4, the Li‐ion intercalation in bulk Co3O4 structure generates higher bulk‐oxygen vacancies leading to higher conductivity and reduction in overall charge‐transport resistance for electrocatalyst. On the other hand, Ox/Red‐ induced amorphization is restricted to the surface or near‐surface only with the formation of a small amount of metallic Co which hampers the OER.
Learning From Vitamin B12‐Mediated Reactions: Cobalt(III)–Carbon‐Assisted Catalytic C−H Difluoroacylation of (Hetero)Arenes through Controlled‐Potential Electrolysis
Authors: Hossain Md. Jakir , Ono Toshikazu , Yano Yoshio , Hisaeda Yoshio 
Published: July 2019

AbstractInvited for this month's cover picture is the group of Yoshio Hisaeda at Kyushu University (Japan). The cover picture shows the electrochemical activation of a vitamin B12 derivative and the obtained difluoroacylated products. Read the full text of the Article at 10.1002/celc.201900164.
Reversible Activation of Water by an Air‐ and Moisture‐Stable Frustrated Rhodium Nitrogen Lewis Pair
Authors: Carmona María , Ferrer Joaquina , Rodríguez Ricardo , Passarelli Vincenzo , Lahoz Fernando J. , García‐Orduña Pilar , Cañadillas‐Delgado Laura , Carmona Daniel 
Published: July 2019

Abstract[Cp*Rh(κ3N,N′,P‐L)][SbF6] (Cp*=C5Me5), bearing a guanidine‐derived phosphano ligand L, behaves as a “dormant” frustrated Lewis pair and activates H2 and H2O in a reversible manner. When D2O is employed, a facile H/D exchange at the Cp* ring takes place through sequential C(sp3)−H bond activation.
Copper‐Catalyzed Cope‐Type Hydroamination of Nonactivated Olefins toward Cyclic Nitrones: Scope, Mechanism, and Enantioselective Process Development
Authors: Zhang Mengru , Liu Shuang , Li Hexin , Guo Yajing , Li Na , Guan Meihui , Mehfooz Haroon , Zhao Jinbo , Zhang Qian 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe catalytic synthesis of cyclic nitrones, an important type of functional molecules for both synthetic chemistry and related fields, remains underdeveloped. Herein we report the copper‐catalyzed Cope‐type hydroamination of oximes with pendant nonactivated olefins, which enables facile access to a series of five‐ and six‐membered cyclic nitrones under mild conditions. In this study, heterocycle‐tethered oximes were employed in the Cope‐type hydroamination reaction for the first time. High enantioselectivity was achieved for carbon‐tethered γ,δ‐vinyl oximes to afford enantioenriched five‐membered cyclic nitrones. The results of preliminary mechanistic studies indicate a mononuclear catalytic species and a unified catalytic pathway over a large temperature range.