bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neighbourhood Environmental Contribution and Health. A novel indicator integrating urban form and urban green
Authors: Zepp Harald , Inostroza Luis , Sutcliffe Robynne , Ahmed Salman , Moebus Susanne 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The relationship between urban green, urban form and health remains unclear. This research explores health and urban green as well as urban structure as constituents of urban form. The objective was to develop a novel indicator (Neighbourhood Environmental Contribution, NEC) to analyse the spatial relationship between urban green and health (diabetes, mental health and self-rated health) on the neighbourhood scale. NEC performs more stably when regression models are adjusted for confounders. This suggests that better representations of urban form including the built-up structure of urban areas are promising.
The deal.II library, Version 9.1
Authors: Arndt Daniel , Bangerth Wolfgang , Clevenger Thomas C. , Davydov Denis , Fehling Marc , Garcia-Sanchez Daniel , Harper Graham , Heister Timo , Heltai Luca , Kronbichler Martin , Kynch Ross Maguire , Maier Matthias , Pelteret Jean-Paul , Turcksin Bruno , Wells David 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
This paper provides an overview of the new features of the finite element library deal.II, version 9.1.
Digital Palimpsests: Mark in Trinity College Cambridge MS. O.9.27
Authors: Batovici Dan 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The O.9.27 manuscript of Trinity College Cambridge is a minuscule manuscript of Hesiod’s Opera et Dies. In a 2001 PhD thesis on Greek palimpsests in Cambridge by Natalie Tchernetska, this manuscript is described to contain two distinct lower scripts, one of which identified as a New Testament text. The author read four lines and a partial fifth of the one-leaf palimpsest that contain Mark 1:44, which is remarkable considering that the washing made the lower script virtually the same colour as the page. This note re-examines the Markan lower script in O.9.27 and offers an account of the use of image processing software for the purpose to uncover more text in a difficult palimpsest, a method useful when MSI is not available.
Sartre’s Godless Theology: Dualist Monism and Its Temporal Dimensions
Authors: Liu Renxiang 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
My task in this paper is to study Sartre’s ontology as a godless theology. The urgency of defending freedom and responsibility in the face of determinism called for an overarching first principle, a role that God used to play. I first show why such a principle is important and how Sartre filled the void that God had left with a solipsist consciousness. Then I characterize Sartre’s ontology of this consciousness as a “dualist monism”, explaining how it supports his radical conception of freedom. Then, by assessing Sartre’s dualist monism through a theological lens, I disclose an inconsistency in his thought concerning the idea that the in-itself is a deterministic plenitude, which presumes a theos different from consciousness and hence threatens monism. Finally I argue that his inconsistency originates from the finitude of Sartre’s first principle and analyze this finitude by examining the modes of temporality it implies. The entire trajectory problematizes the practice of theo-logy, the idea that a theos stands at the origin of the “logic” (organization or intelligibility) of everything such that all must be conceived under the logos of the theos. While Sartre forcefully criticized the theology of the infinite, his was nonetheless a theology of finitude.
There be- and have-sentences: Different semantics, different definiteness effects
Authors: Bassaganyas-Bars Toni , McNally Louise 
Published: July 2019

AbstractEdward Keenan coined the term “existential-have” for have-sentences containing a relational noun in object position that present a definiteness effect (DE) similar to the one in there be-sentences. We begin this paper by showing in detail that the DE in these sentences is in fact different from the one found with there be-sentences. We then explain how these contrasts reflect differences in the semantics of the two sorts of sentences that we have independently argued for in previous work. We will specifically challenge two assumptions that are frequently made about the definiteness effect in have-sentences: (1) that it is related to any version of the so-called “weak”/“strong” distinction that has been used to characterize the effect in there be-sentences; and (2) that it is limited to relational nouns like handle and follows from treating such nouns as two-place predicates. Finally, we show how our account is superior to other accounts that have been offered of the definiteness effect in have-sentences.
An unusual cause of gynaecomastia in a male
Authors: Rehman Tejhmal , Hameed Ali , Beharry Nigel , Parcq J Du , Bano Gul 
Published: July 2019

Summary
Beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (βhCG) is normally produced by syncytiotrophoblasts of the placenta during pregnancy and aids embryo implantation. However, it is also secreted in varying amounts in non-pregnant conditions commonly heralding a neoplastic process. We present a case of 50-year-old man, who presented with bilateral gynaecomastia with elevated testosterone, oestradiol, suppressed gonadotropins with progressively increasing levels of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). Biochemical and radiological investigations including ultrasonography of testes, breast tissue, MRI pituitary and CT scan full body did not identify the source of hCG. FDG PET scan revealed a large mediastinal mass with lung metastasis. Immunostaining and histological analysis confirmed the diagnosis of primary choriocarcinoma of the mediastinum. It is highly aggressive and malignant tumor with poor prognosis. Early diagnosis and management are essential for the best outcome.

Learning points:

High βhCG in a male patient or a non-pregnant female suggests a paraneoplastic syndrome.

In the case of persistently positive serum hCG, exclude immunoassay interference by doing the urine hCG as heterophilic antibodies are not present in the urine.

Non-gestational choriocarcinoma is an extremely rare trophoblastic tumor and should be considered in young men presenting with gynaecomastia and high concentration of hCG with normal gonads.

A high index of suspicion and extensive investigations are required to establish an early diagnosis of extra-gonadal choriocarcinoma.

Early diagnosis is crucial to formulate optimal management strategy and to minimize widespread metastasis for best clinical outcome.
New insights from unbiased panel and whole-exome sequencing in a large Chinese cohort with disorders of sex development
Authors: Xu Yufei , Wang Yirou , Li Niu , Yao Ruen , Li Guoqiang , Li Juan , Ding Yu , Chen Yao , Huang Xiaodong , Chen Yuling , Qing Yanrong , Yu Tingting , Shen Yongnian , Wang Xiumin , Shen Yiping , Wang Jian 
Published: July 2019

Context
Diagnosis of non-chromosomal type disorders of sex development (DSD) has long been challenging. There is still no research on overview of a large Chinese DSD cohort.

Objective
To determine the etiologic diagnosis through unbiased large-scale panel sequencing and whole-exome sequencing (WES) within a large Chinese DSD cohort.

Design
Patients were recruited according to the inclusion criteria of DSD. The applied panel contains 2742 known disease-causing genes, including all known diagnostic genes for DSD.

Methods
Targeted panel sequencing (TPS) was performed, and identified candidate variants were verified. Variant pathogenicities were evaluated according to established guidelines. WES was performed for randomly selected negative samples.

Results
This study included 125 patients. Seventy-five variants were identified by TPS and 31 variants were reported for the first time. Pathogenic and likely pathogenic variants accounted for 38.7 and 30.7%, respectively. On the basis of clinical certainty, etiologic diagnostic rates of 46.9 and 10.3% were obtained for 46,XY and 46,XX DSD patients, respectively. We reported novel candidate genes (BMPR1B, GNAS, GHR) and regions of copy number variants outside the expected DSD genotype–phenotype correlation and determined a founder mutation (SRD5A2 p.R227Q) in patients with 5α-reductase deficiency. Further WES in randomly selected negative samples identified only one among 14 negative samples as a variant of uncertain significance, indicating that WES did not improve the diagnostic rate.

Conclusions
This is the first report of the applying unbiased TPS in a large Chinese cohort of patients with 46,XY and 46,XX DSD. Our findings expand the gene, mutation and phenotype spectra of the rare types of DSD in the Chinese population and provide new insight into the current understanding of the etiologies of DSD.
Assessment competences professionals
Authors: Valkauskas Romualdas 
Published: July 2019

Corporate social – economic development based on existing knowledge of reality. Finally, in order to say what will happen tomorrow, need to know what available today that was yesterday is. This is not feasible without appropriate methods, it is impossible without knowledge to use quantitative methods for identification social and economical expressions, it is impossible without specific, professional and general competences.
This paper demonstrated that the development professional and general competences of accounting professionals, of chartered accountant is importantly under such situation the constantly changing reality. It demonstrates the need for the natural development of general and professional competences. The natural demand the development general and professional competences must be in character for the accounting professionals.
It is argued that the professional, business and social competences in the most practical and relevant experience of each accounting professional activities. Success in practical activities linked to cognition the existing competences. This cognition indicated the knowledge of the quantitative assessment the existing competences and development of general and professional competences. This paper proposes and discusses the methodology to give the quantitative indicators for measure the stature of competences.
Usage of methods, which develop skills of entrepreneurship, during financial field lectures at Siauliai State College
Authors: Kušleikienė Lina , Šivickienė Renata 
Published: July 2019

Entrepreneurship – can be defined as a person's ability to implement their ideas, which manifests itself through this innovation, creativity, self-confidence, openness to innovation, the ability to plan, lead, take risks. Entrepreneurship education goal – to develop students' skills necessary for them as individuals and as members of society to live independently and positively affect their families and society, enabling them to take responsibility and the ability to live in a society based on a market economy. It is necessary to develop these entrepreneurial skills competencies: 1) the ability to solve problems; 2) the ability to build relationships; 3) self-confidence; 4) personal initiative showing.
Entrepreneurial skills are needed on a daily basis in all areas of life: seeking employment, working, building a business and making important decisions in everyday life. It is important that colleges have developed entrepreneurial environment, encouraging student initiative, implemented design training, strengthening the link between theory and practice, a more flexible organization of teaching and learning.
The aim – to reveal the importance of methods, used for developing entrepreneurship skills in financial field lectures. The study was conducted in Siauliai state college. In the study were prepared a questionnaire for students. The study were interviewed a total of 100 students.
Upon analysis of the data suggests that in order to develop entrepreneurial competence, students are motivated and willing to try out new techniques. All the students understand what they lack knowledge and skills as well as what problems they could encounter. Active methods cover preparations of business plans, visits at business company, projects, computer modelling, imitation of role.
The concept of controlling and its evolution
Authors: Tamulevičienė Daiva 
Published: July 2019

Due to an unstable financial-economic environment, a high level of competition and complex technological processes managers of enterprises are required to consider an opportunity of installing new innovative systems of enterprises activity organization and management. One of such systems is controlling, which is well known in foreign practice, but is seldom applied in Lithuania. The concept of controlling, its evolution, the structure of its elements, the problems of its installation in organizations have been widely reviewed in the works of German, Austrian, American, Russian authors. Despite the plenty of researches, there is no single opinion on economic conception, goals setting, tasks and functions of controlling. The polysemanticism, a variety of attitudes and conception's identification with other economic categories of the concept of controlling are a few many reasons that determined slow spread of this system in Lithuania. Attitudes of the authors who research the problems of controlling and their evolution are reviewed and summarized in the article, in order to give a clearer view of the contents of controlling conception.
After reviewing the works of these authors, it has been determined that most of them review controlling in a systematic way, although they present it as an instrument, philosophy, a way of management etc. So first of all, controlling has to be analysed as a system. It was also determined that there is a close connection between controlling, internal control and management accounting; however the equalization of these definitions is impossible. After researching the development of the concept of controlling trends and attitudes it has been determined that in the evolution of the concept of controlling three main steps may be distinguished: controlling as a system of accounting; as an information system; as an instrument of enterprise's management. In every of these steps, different attitudes, formed by various authors, show up. Based on them, three main trends of the development of the concept of controlling were distinguished. The analysis of their evolution revealed that the location of controlling has been changing significantly during the last few decades. Yet, the least researched trend of controlling which still has no established attitudes is the one which was formed in the 21st century, The analysis has also revealed that the evolution of the concept's trends had influenced the contents of the conception of controlling, because every new attitude has appended the previous conception with new aspects.
Public sector entities in the financial statements relative analysis: theoretical and practical aspects
Authors: Jusytė Jovita , Kamarauskienė Irma 
Published: July 2019

In the current stage of economic globalisation and development public sector finances is a factor that to a large extent influences the national economic development. There is an express need on the part of users of financial information not only to understand the accounting information pertaining to public sector entities (hereinafter – PSE), but also to be able to compare the data of the different entities within the sector, compare and evaluate reports on financial standing of PSEs of different countries. There emerged a tangible need to standardise the accounting information or the data on the used budget appropriations irrespective of the user's national language, or his education, or any other subjective factors – it became important to ensure that the principal information is understandable irrespective of the national language, financial literacy or other subjective factors of the user of the information.
The accounting reform than launched and still in progress is only part of the comprehensive reform of accounting in the public sector that is currently under implementation both in the European Union, Economic Community, as well as other economically developed States.
The article aims to explore the possibility of public-sector entities in the financial statements prepared on an accrual basis of data analysis for profit-making enterprises of the financial statements used in the analysis of relative performance. The presented theoretical and practical aspects and proposed new indicators, announced study carried out.
Kekerasan Dalam Perkawinan dan Nusyuz Dalam Hukum Keluarga di Turki, Malaysia, Sudan, Yordan dan Indonesia
Authors: Zein Fitriyani 
Published: July 2019

Abstract:The problem of marital violence and nusyuz is a phenomenon that is always present in people's lives. In fact, this is a major problem that has been highlighted in the discourse of family law thinking in Islamic countries. In this study the authors conducted analyzes and studies in several countries including Turkey, Malaysia, Sudan, Jordan, and Indonesia. From several countries, it was found that the regulation of this problem was not fully able to provide solutions and resolve cases.Keywords: Violence, Nusyuz, Family Law Abstrak:Permasalahan tentang kekerasan dalam perkawinan dan nusyuz merupakan fenomena yang selalu ada dalam kehidupan masyarakat. Bahkan hal ini menjadi problem utama yang menjadi sorotan dalam diskursus pemikiran hukum keluarga di negara-negara Islam. Dalam penelitian ini penulis melakukan analisis dan kajian pada beberapa negara diantaranya Turki, Malaysia, Sudan, Yordan, dan Indonesia. Dari beberapa negara tersebut didapatkan bahwa pengaturan tentang permasalahan ini belum sepenuhnya mampu memberikan solusi dan penyelesaian kasus. Kata Kunci: Kekerasan, Nusyuz, Hukum Keluarga
Manusia Berbasis Al-Quran Dalam Dimensi Filsafat Ilmu
Authors: Tamrin Abu 
Published: July 2019

Abstract:The paper discusses the creation of humans which is preceded by human terms: bashar (بشر), ins (انس), nas (ناس). Humans are created by Allah in the best possible form from the soil, the essence of the soil, the weak nutmeg of water (semen). The word al-nafs in the Qur'an has a significant position as one of the key words for understanding humans. The substance in the expert view consists of physical substance and spiritual substance, the soul has to do with the heart and mind. The personality in contemporary literature is different from the Islamic Psychology which is sourced from the Koran. Verse of the Qur'an in detail explains mental health, among others: QS. Al-Qasas [28]: 77, QS. Al-Nahl [16]: 97, and QS. Ali Imran [3]: 104. The paper concludes with a conclusion that answers the formulation of the problem.Keywords: Human, Qur'an, Philosophy of Science Abstrak:Makalah membahas penciptaan manusia yang didahului istilah manusia: basyar (بشر), ins (انس), nas (ناس). Manusia diciptakan oleh Allah swt dalam bentuk sebaik-baiknya berasal dari tanah, sari tanah, nutfah air yang lemah (sari air mani). Kata al-nafs dalam Alqur’n memiliki posisi signifikan sebagai salah satu kata kunci untuk memahami manusia. Substansi dalam pandangan ahli terdiri substansi jasmani dan substansi ruhani, jiwa ada hubungannya dengan hati dan akal. Kepribadian dalam literatur kontemporer berbeda dengan Psikologi Islam yang bersumber Alquran. Ayat Alquran secara rinci menjelaskan kesehatan mental antara lain: QS. Al-Qasas [28]: 77, QS. Al-Nahl [16]: 97, dan QS. Ali Imran [3]: 104. Makalah diakhiri dengan kesimpulan yang menjawab perumusan masalah.Kata kunci: Manusia, Alquran, Filsafat Ilmu
Hakekat dan Batasan-Batasan Gharar Dalam Transaksi Maliyah
Authors: Rahman Muh Fudhail 
Published: July 2019

Abstract:Gharar is an important term in muamalat business practices. As Imam Nawawi stated when commenting on the hadith of Imam Muslim about the prohibition on gharar buying and selling, that the prohibition on gharar buying and selling is something very urgent in the discussion points about buying and selling. Generally, the problem of prohibited buying and selling is caused by containing gharar. The practice of business transactions that once existed in the early days of Islam returned again in the present. Basically, the forms and patterns in buying and selling practices that are oriented to profit both individually and collectively up to various fraudulent practices and detrimental to other parties is the repetition of the band of history. In this paper, try to describe the nature of the theory of buying and selling gharar.Keywords: Gharar, Buy and Sell, Muamalat Abstrak:Gharar menjadi satu term larangan penting dalam praktek bisnis muamalat. Sebagaimana yang diutarakan oleh Imam Nawawi ketika berkomentar atas hadis riwayat Imam Muslim tentang larangan jual beli gharar, bahwa larangan pada jual beli gharar adalah sesuatu yang sangat urgen dalam pokok-pokok pembahasan tentang jual beli. Umumnya problematika jual beli yang terlarang disebabkan karena mengandung gharar. Praktek transaksi bisnis yang pernah ada di masa awal-awal Islam kembali berulang pada masa sekarang. Secara mendasar bentuk dan pola dalam praktek jual beli yang berorientasi untuk mencari untung baik secara individu maupun kolektif hingga ke berbagai praktek culas dan merugikan pihak lain adalah pengulangan kembali pita sejarah. Pada tulisan ini, mencoba mendeskripsikan tentang teori hakekat jual beli gharar.Kata Kunci: Gharar, Jual Beli, Muamalat