bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Flexible Nafion Coated Enzyme‐free Glucose Sensor Based on Au‐dimpled Ti Structures
Authors: Olejnik Adrian , Siuzdak Katarzyna , Karczewski Jakub , Grochowska Katarzyna 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe detection of glucose at low concentrations using electrochemical sensors is of great importance due to the possibility of using different human body fluids than blood, such as e. g. urine, saliva, sweat or tears. The interest behind those biofluids is related to their utility in non‐invasive sugar determination. In this work, we present flexible, fully biocompatible electrode material based on Au nanoparticles immobilized onto titanium dimples. Au−Ti heterostructures were obtained via electrochemical anodization of titanium foil in presence of fluoride anions followed by chemical etching, magnetron sputtering of gold and subsequent thermal dewetting in continuous regime. In the last step of fabrication, electrodes were modified by permselective Nafion membrane. The selection of the best electrode material among different configurations was carried out basing on the electrochemical activity in the contact with 5 mM glucose dissolved in neutral air‐saturated 0.1 M PBS. For the 10 nm Au dewetted gold film, limit of detection of 30 μM and high sensitivity of 93 mA cm−2 mM−1 were achieved. Application of Nafion membrane caused complete inhibition of the impact of various interference species onto the glucose detection. Good selectivity and repeatability combined with the resistance to prolonged mechanical stress suggest that prepared material can be used in non‐invasive glucose sensing.
Theoretical Aspects of a Surface Electrode Reaction Coupled with Preceding and Regenerative Chemical Steps: Square‐wave Voltammetry of a Surface CEC’ Mechanism
Authors: Kokoskarova Pavlinka , Gulaboski Rubin 
Published: October 2019

AbstractLarge number of lipophilic substances, whose electrochemical transformation takes place from adsorbed state, belong to the class of so‐called “surface‐redox reactions”. Of these, especially important are the enzymatic redox reactions. With the technique named “protein‐film voltammetry” we can get insight into the chemical features of many lipophilic redox enzymes. Electrochemical processes of many redox adsorbates, occurring at a surface of working electrode, are very often coupled with chemical reactions. In this work, we focus on the application of square‐wave voltammetry (SWV) to study the theoretical features of a surface electrode reaction coupled with two chemical steps. The starting electroactive form Ox(ads) in this mechanism gets initially generated via preceding chemical reaction. After undergoing redox transformation at the working electrode, Ox(ads) species got additionally regenerated via chemical reaction of electrochemically generated product Red(ads) with a given substrate Y. The theory of this so‐called surface CEC’ mechanism is presented for the first time under conditions of square‐wave voltammetry. While we present plenty of calculated voltammograms of this complex electrode mechanism, we focus on the effect of rate of regenerative (catalytic) step to simulated voltammograms. We consider both, electrochemical reactions featuring moderate and fast electron transfer. The obtained voltammetric patterns are very specific, having sometime hybrid‐like features of voltammograms as typical for CE, EC and EC’ mechanisms. We give diagnostic criteria to recognize this complex mechanism in SWV, but we also present hints to access the kinetic and thermodynamic parameters relevant to both chemical steps, and the electrochemical reaction, too. Indeed, the results presented in this work can help experimentalists to design proper experiments to study chemical features of important lipophilic systems.
Cross‐Linked Double Network Graphene Oxide/Polymer Composites for Efficient Coagulation‐Flocculation
Authors: Lin Shuyuan , Li Qilong , Zhong Yujia , Li Jing , Zhao Xuanliang , Wang Min , Zhao Guoke , Pan Jialiang , Zhu Hongwei 
Published: October 2019

AbstractHybrid coagulant/flocculant consisting of nanomaterials have tremendous potential in solid‐liquid separation and can be applied to the coagulation‐flocculation‐sedimentation process of water treatment. In this work, inspired by the mineralization in nature, a graphene oxide/polymer‐based hybrid coagulant/flocculant that precipitates large‐scale, multicomponent (e.g., dyes, heavy metal ions, and nanoparticles) and complex pollutants simultaneously at room temperature by forming double‐network hydrogel through bioinspired Ca2+ crosslinking, is developed for the purification of wastewater. The coagulation‐flocculation‐sedimentation method developed here also provides a novel strategy for the preparation of macroscopic assemblies of multicomponents that can be applied to various application fields.
Multimodal fusion of structural and functional brain imaging in depression using linked independent component analysis
Authors: Maglanoc Luigi A. , Kaufmann Tobias , Jonassen Rune , Hilland Eva , Beck Dani , Landrø Nils Inge , Westlye Lars T. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractPrevious structural and functional neuroimaging studies have implicated distributed brain regions and networks in depression. However, there are no robust imaging biomarkers that are specific to depression, which may be due to clinical heterogeneity and neurobiological complexity. A dimensional approach and fusion of imaging modalities may yield a more coherent view of the neuronal correlates of depression. We used linked independent component analysis to fuse cortical macrostructure (thickness, area, gray matter density), white matter diffusion properties and resting‐state functional magnetic resonance imaging default mode network amplitude in patients with a history of depression (n = 170) and controls (n = 71). We used univariate and machine learning approaches to assess the relationship between age, sex, case–control status, and symptom loads for depression and anxiety with the resulting brain components. Univariate analyses revealed strong associations between age and sex with mainly global but also regional specific brain components, with varying degrees of multimodal involvement. In contrast, there were no significant associations with case–control status, nor symptom loads for depression and anxiety with the brain components, nor any interaction effects with age and sex. Machine learning revealed low model performance for classifying patients from controls and predicting symptom loads for depression and anxiety, but high age prediction accuracy. Multimodal fusion of brain imaging data alone may not be sufficient for dissecting the clinical and neurobiological heterogeneity of depression. Precise clinical stratification and methods for brain phenotyping at the individual level based on large training samples may be needed to parse the neuroanatomy of depression.
Disability and functioning of women with low‐risk pregnancy: Assessment using the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0 (WHODAS 2.0)
Authors: Dantas Thaissa H.M. , Dantas Diego S. , Correia Grasiéla N. , Viana Elizabel S.R. , Pereira Alianny R.R. , Magalhães Adriana G. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the disability and functioning of women with low‐risk pregnancy in the second and third gestational trimesters.MethodsA longitudinal observational study was conducted from June 5, 2015, to April 30, 2016, in Family Health Units in the city of Santa Cruz, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil, involving women who were in the second trimester of pregnancy where the pregnancy had been classified as low‐risk. A form was designed specifically for the study to collect sociodemographic, urogynecological, and obstetric data. Functioning and disability were assessed using WHODAS 2.0, and descriptive and inferential statistical analyses were performed.ResultsHigher levels of disability were observed in cognition in the second trimester (P=0.021), while mobility and life activities domains had higher scores (higher score meaning the woman was more adversely affected) in the third trimester (P=0.007 and P=0.029). Urinary incontinence in the second trimester affected functioning in participation (P=0.023). Pain affected life activities (P=0.023) in the second trimester and participation in the third trimester (P=0.044); and general functioning (P=0.050 and P=0.025), mobility (P=0.002 and P=0.001), and self‐care (P=0.0446 and P=0.023) in the second and third trimesters, respectively.ConclusionThe findings showed that, even in a low‐risk pregnancy, functioning can be affected in different domains. The identification of impairments to functioning could enable improvement in care. Longitudinal studies involving the first trimester and postpartum are necessary to gain insight into women's disability and functioning during the pregnancy–puerperal period.
Longitudinal study of individually adjusted fetal growth
Authors: Fujita Mariza Marie , Francisco Rossana Pulcineli Vieira , Rodrigues Agatha Sacramento , Zugaib Marcelo 
Published: October 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo construct individualized fetal growth curves estimated by ultrasound parameters adjusted for maternal and fetal characteristics.MethodsData were retrospectively assessed from serial ultrasonographic examinations of singleton pregnancies at 12–42 gestational weeks among women without maternal or fetal conditions and full‐term delivery at the University Hospital of University of São Paulo between July 1, 2014, and December 31, 2017. Measurements included biparietal diameter, head circumference, abdominal circumference, and femur length. Mixed linear regression was used to model the ultrasound biometric parameters as a function of gestational age, parity, maternal height, pre‐pregnancy weight, and fetal sex.ResultsIn total, data were assessed from 1445 examinations of 434 pregnancies meeting the inclusion criteria. The estimated fetal weight model included gestational age, fetal sex, maternal height, and pre‐pregnancy body mass index as covariates. The model enabled the construction of individual estimated fetal weight curves with respective percentiles covering 12–42 gestational weeks using maternal and fetal characteristics.ConclusionThe growth curves, which are based on a sample of the Brazilian population with low risk of maternal or fetal morbidity and mortality, will make it possible to determine whether a fetus is achieving ideal growth potential according to maternal and fetal characteristics.
Psychological maladjustment mediates the link between remembrances of parental rejection in childhood and loneliness in adulthood: A cross‐cultural comparative study
Authors: Rohner Ronald P. , Putnick Diane L. , Molaver Alex D. , Ali Sumbleen , Butt M. Mussaffa , Ibrahim Dara M. , Aurino Cecilia , Blom Marjolijn J. M. , Darwesh Fatima H. , Auricchio Stefania , Radha Araz H. , Miranda Maria C. , Adamsons Kari , Senese Vincenzo Paolo 
Published: October 2019

Drawing stimulus from interpersonal acceptance‐rejection theory, this multicultural study examined relations between men's versus women's remembrances of maternal and paternal acceptance‐rejection in childhood and their current level of loneliness, as mediated by adults' self‐reported psychological maladjustment. Adults (N = 899) from five nations (Iraq, Italy, the Netherlands, Pakistan, and the United States) responded to the Adult version of the Parental Acceptance‐Rejection Questionnaire‐short form for mothers and fathers, the Adult version of the Personality Assessment Questionnaire‐short form, and the Interpersonal Acceptance‐Rejection Loneliness Scale. Adults' remembrances of maternal and paternal rejection in childhood significantly and independently predicted feelings of loneliness but remembered paternal rejection was more strongly related to these feelings than were remembrances of maternal rejection. Psychological maladjustment fully mediated the effect of remembered maternal rejection but only partially mediated the effect of remembered paternal rejection on loneliness. There were no significant differences in these results across the five countries or genders. Overall, the results suggest that adults' remembrances of parental rejection in childhood—along with the theoretically expected development of psychological maladjustment—are likely to be associated panculturally with the experience of loneliness in adulthood.
GATA factor transcriptional activity: Insights from genome‐wide binding profiles
Authors: Romano Oriana , Miccio Annarita 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe members of the GATA family of transcription factors have homologous zinc fingers and bind to similar sequence motifs. Recent advances in genome‐wide technologies and the integration of bioinformatics data have led to a better understanding of how GATA factors regulate gene expression; GATA‐factor‐induced transcriptional and epigenetic changes have now been analyzed at unprecedented levels of detail. Here, we review the results of genome‐wide studies of GATA factor occupancy in human and murine cell lines and primary cells (as determined by chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing), and then discuss the molecular mechanisms underlying the mediation of transcriptional and epigenetic regulation by GATA factors.
Rapid diagnosis of infection etiology in febrile pediatric oncology patients using infrared spectroscopy of leukocytes
Authors: Agbaria Adam H. , Rosen Guy Beck , Lapidot Itshak , Rich Daniel H. , Mordechai Shaul , Kapelushnik Joseph , Huleihel Mahmoud , Salman Ahmad 
Published: October 2019

AbstractRapid diagnosis of the etiology of infection is highly important for an effective treatment of the infected patients. Bacterial and viral infections are serious diseases that can cause death in many cases. The human immune system deals with many viral and bacterial infections that cause no symptoms and pass quietly without treatment. However, oncology patients undergoing chemotherapy have a very weak immune system caused by leukopenia, and even minor pathogen infection threatens their lives. For this reason, physicians tend to prescribe immediately several types of antibiotics for febrile pediatric oncology patients (FPOPs). Uncontrolled use of antibiotics is one of the major contributors to the development of resistant bacteria. Therefore, for oncology patients, a rapid and objective diagnosis of the etiology of the infection is extremely critical. Current identification methods are time‐consuming (>24 h). In this study, the potential of midinfrared spectroscopy in tandem with machine learning algorithms is evaluated for rapid and objective diagnosis of the etiology of infections in FPOPs using simple peripheral blood samples. Our results show that infrared spectroscopy enables the diagnosis of the etiology of infection as bacterial or viral within 70 minutes after the collection of the blood sample with 93% sensitivity and 88% specificity.
Constructions of primitive formally dual pairs having subsets with unequal sizes
Authors: Li Shuxing , Pott Alexander 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe concept of formal duality was proposed by Cohn, Kumar and Schürmann, which reflects a remarkable symmetry among energy‐minimizing periodic configurations. This formal duality was later translated into a purely combinatorial property by Cohn, Kumar, Reiher and Schürmann, where the corresponding combinatorial objects were called formally dual pairs. Motivated by this surprising application on the energy minimization problem, we focus on the algebraic constructions of primitive formally dual pairs. It is worth noting that almost all known examples of primitive formally dual pairs satisfy that the two subsets have the same size. Indeed, prior to this work, there was only one known example derived from computer search, which had subsets with unequal sizes in . Inspired by this example, we propose a lifting construction framework and a recursive construction framework, which generate new primitive formally dual pairs from known ones. As an application, for , we obtain pairwise inequivalent primitive formally dual pairs in , which have subsets with unequal sizes.
Neighborhood cohesion and procedural justice in policing among Black adults: The moderating role of cultural race‐related stress
Authors: Quinn Camille R. , Hope Elan C. , Cryer‐Coupet Qiana R. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAimsThis study explored how neighborhood cohesion is related to perceptions of procedural justice in policing, and the moderating role of cultural race‐related stress among Black adults.MethodsWe conducted hierarchical regression analyses of a US sample of Black adults (N = 604) to examine if neighborhood cohesion and cultural race‐related stress relate to global procedural justice in policing and procedural justice during a critical police stop. Moderation analyses were conducted to determine if cultural race‐related stress strengthens or weakens the relationship between neighborhood cohesion and procedural justice in policing.ResultsNeighborhood cohesion was positively related to procedural justice at critical stops. For participants with above average stress from cultural racism, positive neighborhood cohesion was related to greater global perceptions of procedural justice in policing.ConclusionsAltogether, these findings highlight how structural and local environmental factors can influence perceptions of police among Black adults in the US.
Graphs with no K9= minor are 10‐colorable
Authors: Rolek Martin 
Published: October 2019

AbstractHadwiger's conjecture claims that any graph with no minor is ‐colorable. This has been proved for , but remains open for . As a variant of this conjecture, graphs with no minor have been considered, where denotes the complete graph with two edges removed. It has been shown that graphs with no minor are ‐colorable for . In this paper, we extend this result to the case and show that graphs with no minor are ‐colorable.
Diagnostic pitfalls in vitamin B6‐dependent epilepsy caused by mutations in the PLPBP gene
Authors: Jensen Kristian Vestergaard , Frid Maria , Stödberg Tommy , Barbaro Michela , Wedell Anna , Christensen Mette , Bak Mads , Ek Jakob , Madsen Camilla Gøbel , Darin Niklas , Grønborg Sabine 
Published: October 2019

AbstractVitamin B6‐responsive epilepsies are a group of genetic disorders including ALDH7A1 deficiency, PNPO deficiency, and others, usually causing neonatal onset seizures resistant to treatment with common antiepileptic drugs. Recently, biallelic mutations in PLPBP were shown to be a novel cause of vitamin B6‐dependent epilepsy with a variable phenotype. The different vitamin B6‐responsive epilepsies can be detected and distinguished by their respective biomarkers and genetic analysis. Unfortunately, metabolic biomarkers for early detection and prognosis of PLPBP deficiency are currently still lacking. Here, we present data from two further patients with vitamin B6‐dependent seizures caused by variants in PLPBP, including a novel missense variant, and compare their genotype and phenotypic presentation to previously described cases. Hyperglycinemia and hyperlactatemia are the most consistently observed biochemical abnormalities in pyridoxal phosphate homeostasis protein (PLPHP) deficient patients and were present in both patients in this report within the first days of life. Lactic acidemia, the neuroradiological, and clinical presentation led to misdiagnosis of a mitochondrial encephalopathy in two previously published cases with an early fatal course. Similarly, on the background of glycine elevation in plasma, glycine encephalopathy was wrongly adopted as diagnosis for a patient in our report. In this regard, lactic acidemia as well as hyperglycinemia appear to be diagnostic pitfalls in patients with vitamin B6‐responsive epilepsies, including PLPHP deficiency.SynopsisIn vitamin B6‐responsive epilepsies, including PLPHP deficiency, there are several diagnostic pitfalls, including lactic acidemia as well as hyperglycinemia, highlighting the importance of a pyridoxine trial, and genetic testing.
The atlas–axis complex in Dibamidae (Reptilia: Squamata) and their potential relatives: The effect of a fossorial lifestyle on the morphology of this skeletal bridge
Authors: Čerňanský Andrej , Stanley Edward L. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractWe report on the first detailed study of the atlas–axis complex in the lizard clade Dibamidae, a family of poorly known fossorial squamates distributed in tropical or subtropical climates. This skeletal bridge is characterized by several features, such as the complete absence of the first intercentrum or the appearance of the first free cervical rib on the axis (usually less developed in Dibamus relative to that in Anelytropsis). Our study shows morphological differences of the atlas–axis complex in the Mexican blind lizard Anelytropsis relative to those of Asian Dibamus, the only two known extant genera of this clade. With regard to taxonomy and phylogenetic topology of the Dibamidae within Squamata, a huge conflict exists between morphology versus molecules. The morphology of the atlas–axis complex is therefore compared with several potential sister clades + Sphenodon. Dibamids share several features with limbless Gekkota, Scincoidea, and Amphisbaenia. The complete absence of the first intercentrum is observed in Rhineura floridana and in Ateuchosaurus chinensis as well, and the free rib associated with the synapophyses of the axis is also present in Acontias meleagris. However, some of these features may result from a limbless, burrowing ecology and thus could represent homoplastic characters. In any case, the morphology of the atlas–axis shows that dibamids share most character states with skinks. Although the atlas–axis complex forms only an additional source of information, this conclusion is consistent with most morphological rather than molecular tree topologies.
Weather regimes and analogues downscaling of seasonal precipitation for the 21st century: A case study over Israel
Authors: Hochman Assaf , Kunin Pavel , Alpert Pinhas , Harpaz Tzvi , Saaroni Hadas , Rostkier‐Edelstein Dorita 
Published: October 2019

AbstractGlobal climate models provide only partial information on local‐scale phenomenon, such as precipitation, primarily due to their coarse resolution. In this study, statistical downscaling algorithms, based on both weather regimes and past analogues, are operated for 18 Israeli rain gauges with an altitude ranging between −200 and ~1,000 m above sea level (ASL). To project seasonal precipitation over Israel and its hydrologic basins, the algorithms are applied to six Coupled Model Inter‐comparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) models for the end of the 21st century, according to the RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 scenarios. The downscaled models can capture quite well the seasonal precipitation distribution, though with underestimation in winter and overestimation in spring. All models display a significant reduction of seasonal precipitation for the 21st century according to both scenarios. The winter reductions for the end of the century and the RCP8.5 scenario are found to be ~22 and ~37% according to the weather regimes and the analogues downscaling methods, respectively. Spring reductions are found to be ~10–20% larger than winter reductions. It is shown that the projected reduction results from a decrease in the frequency of the rain‐bearing systems, as well as a decrease in the average daily precipitation intensity. The areas with the largest reductions in seasonal precipitation are found over the central mountains, the Mediterranean coastal area, and the Sea of Galilee hydrologic basins, which are the main fresh‐water aquifers and reservoirs of Israel. The statistical downscaling methods applied in this study can be easily transferred to other regions where long‐term data sets of observed precipitation are available. This study and others may serve as a basis for priority and policy setting toward better climate adaptation with associated uncertainties related to the methods used and nonstationary of the climate system.