bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sleeping beauties in the otolaryngology–head & neck surgery literature
Authors: Coelho Daniel H. , Kirk Andrew , Miller Derrick , Hasan Kaazim , Fenton John E. 
Published: May 2019

Introduction“Sleeping Beauties” (SBs) are articles that receive little attention in the literature for many years after publication but suddenly “awaken” at a later date to greatly increased relevance. This effort represents the first attempt at identifying SBs within the otolaryngology literature.MethodsThe Web of Science Database was queried for all papers under the section “Otolaryngology” between 1945 and 2007. All papers were assigned a “Beauty Coefficient” (B), based on an a priori formula. Three groups were analyzed: 1) highest overall SBs, 2) clinically significant SBs (papers with greater than 100 total citations), and 3) modern SBs (published 1988 and later).Results80,532 papers were identified, with SB able to be calculated in 79,523. Papers spanned a wide array of topics within the Otolaryngology literature. Unlike analysis of SBs in other disciplines, no obvious patterns or themes appeared consistently within or between any of the three groups.ConclusionsThis study represents the first known analysis of SBs in our field. While no obvious patterns or unifying themes were observed, this analysis highlights the clinical impact of SBs and underscores the idea that in this surgical field, important ideas may be proposed “ahead of their time.”Level of EvidenceNALaryngoscope, 130:609–614, 2020
Clinical scribes and their association with patient experience in the otolaryngology clinic
Authors: Rohlfing Matthew L. , Keefe Katherine R. , Komshian Sevan R. , Valentine Alex D. , Noordzij J. Pieter , Levi Jessica R. , Brook Christopher D. 
Published: May 2019

Objectives/HypothesisElectronic health records have brought many advantages but also placed a documentation burden on the provider during and after the clinic visit. Some otolaryngologists have countered this challenge by employing clinical scribes. This project aimed to better understand the influence of scribes on patient experience in the otolaryngology clinic.Study DesignRetrospective cohort survey study.MethodsPatients presenting to the otolaryngology clinic for new and follow‐up appointments were recruited to complete surveys about their experience.ResultsA total of 153 patients completed the survey, and 96 of those patients (62.7%) interacted with a scribe. Patient satisfaction was not significantly associated with participation of the scribe (P = .668). Similarly, patient rating of their physician on a scale of 1 to 10 was not associated with scribe involvement (P = .851). The patients who did interact with a scribe responded that the scribe positively impacted the visit 77.1% of the time. Participation of a resident, primary language other than English, and use of interpreter were associated with lower satisfaction (P = .004, P < .001, and P < .001, respectively).ConclusionsThere are no published data on the effect of scribes on patient experience in the otolaryngology clinic. In other specialties, scribes have been demonstrated as having a positive effect on provider satisfaction, clinical productivity, and patient perception. These data demonstrate that patient satisfaction was neither impaired nor improved by the presence of the scribe in this clinic. In light of benefits demonstrated by prior studies, these findings support the conclusion that scribes are a useful adjunct in providing high‐level otolaryngology care.Level of Evidence4Laryngoscope, 130:E134–E139, 2020
Does the accuracy of case history affect interpretation of videolaryngostroboscopic exams?
Authors: Sauder Cara , Nevdahl Martin , Kapsner‐Smith Mara , Merati Albert , Eadie Tanya 
Published: May 2019

ObjectiveTo determine the effect of initial diagnostic hypotheses on clinicians’ 1) detection and perceived severity of abnormalities, and 2) clinical impressions and treatment recommendations for individuals with and without voice disorders following interpretation of videolaryngostroboscopy (VLS).MethodsThirty‐two experienced speech‐language pathologists and otolaryngologists specializing in voice disorders read case histories prior to interpreting exams. Case histories suggested specific accurate or inaccurate laryngeal diagnoses, or a control scenario that suggested a normal larynx. The effects of the accuracy of case histories on perceived severity of associated visual‐perceptual parameters, clinical impressions, and treatment recommendations were examined.ResultsSignificant increases in perceived severity of posterior laryngeal appearance (P < 0.05) and mucosal wave (P < 0.02) were observed when these abnormalities were suggested by case histories. Overall agreement with clinical impressions improved from 49% to 72% when the case history was consistent with the examination. Case histories (accurate and inaccurate) indicating voice symptoms predicted recommendations for treatment above and beyond that of VLS presentation alone, P < 0.001.ConclusionCase histories suggesting specific abnormalities significantly affected severity ratings for two of three associated visual‐perceptual parameters selected as primary outcome measures. Accurate case histories suggesting specific abnormalities increased the probability of detection and perceived severity. Inaccurate case histories led to false‐positive findings and failures to detect abnormalities or to interpret them as less severe. Case histories affected visual‐perceptual judgments and contributed to decisions about clinical impressions and treatment.Level of Evidence2bLaryngoscope, 130:718–725, 2020
An overview of endoscopic ear surgery in 2018
Authors: Kapadiya Mustafa , Tarabichi Muaaz 
Published: May 2019

ObjectiveTo provide an overview of Endoscopic Ear Surgery, its development, principles, and penetration in otology practice in 2018.Data SourcePubMed review of literature and cross‐sectional email survey of otologists.MethodsWe reviewed all PubMed published articles on use of endoscopy in practice of otology over the last 50 years. Articles were categorized based on date of publication and pattern of utilizing the endoscope. We also conducted two identical email surveys in 2010 and 2018 of otologists on the use of endoscope and tabulated and compared results.ResultsThe number of publications on use of endoscope has increased from 6 in 1990 to an accumulated total of 451 in 2018. There has been a clear shift in the area of interest away from diagnostic endoscopy, to endoscope‐assisted surgery, and lately, to transcanal endoscopic ear surgery (TEES). Survey results further documented the increased awareness of the value of the endoscope and its increased use in clinical practice.ConclusionTEES has gained traction as a subject of research interest and in clinical practice and has lately dominated the discussion on the use of endoscope in otology.Level of EvidenceNA
Molecularly Imprinted Materials for Selective Biological Recognition
Authors: Zhang Nan , Zhang Nan , Xu Yarong , Li Zhiling , Yan Chaoren , Mei Kun , Ding Minling , Ding Shichao , Guan Ping , Qian Liwei , Du Chunbao , Hu Xiaoling 
Published: May 2019

AbstractMolecular imprinting is an approach of generating imprinting cavities in polymer structures that are compatible with the target molecules. The cavities have memory for shape and chemical recognition, similar to the recognition mechanism of antigen–antibody in organisms. Their structures are also called biomimetic receptors or synthetic receptors. Owing to the excellent selectivity and unique structural predictability of molecularly imprinted materials (MIMs), practical MIMs have become a rapidly evolving research area providing key factors for understanding separation, recognition, and regenerative properties toward biological small molecules to biomacromolecules, even cell and microorganism. In this review, the characteristics, morphologies, and applicability of currently popular carrier materials for molecular imprinting, especially the fundamental role of hydrogels, porous materials, hierarchical nanoparticles, and 2D materials in the separation and recognition of biological templates are discussed. Moreover, through a series of case studies, emphasis is given on introducing imprinting strategies for biological templates with different molecular scales. In particular, the differences and connections between small molecular imprinting (bulk imprinting, “dummy” template imprinting, etc.), large molecular imprinting (surface imprinting, interfacial imprinting, etc.), and cell imprinting strategies are demonstrated in detail. Finally, future research directions are provided.
The influence of initial symptoms on phenotypes in spinocerebellar ataxia type 3
Authors: Xu Hao‐Ling , Su Qiu‐Ni , Shang Xian‐Jin , Sikandar Arif , Lin Min‐Ting , Wang Ning , Lin Hong , Gan Shi‐Rui 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBackgroundSpinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3) is a rare, inherited form of ataxia that leads to progressive neurodegeneration. The initial symptoms could affect clinical phenotypes in neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson's disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. However, the contribution of initial symptoms to the phenotypes of SCA3 has been scarcely investigated.MethodsIn the present study, 143 SCA3 patients from China were recruited and divided into two groups of gait‐onset and non‐gait‐onset. For determining the influences of initial symptoms on age at onset (AAO), the severity and progression of ataxia, and the possible factors affecting the initial symptoms, multivariable linear regression, and multivariate logistic regression were performed.ResultsWe found that the frequency of gait‐onset was 87.41%, and the frequency of non‐gait‐onset was 12.59% (diplopia: 7.69%, dysarthria: 4.20%, dystonia: 0.70%). Compared to the non‐gait‐onset group, the gait‐onset group had significantly more severe ataxia (p = 0.046), while the initial symptoms had no effect on AAO (p = 0.109) and progression of ataxia (p = 0.265). We failed to find the existence of any factors affecting initial symptoms.ConclusionThese findings collectively suggested that initial symptoms influenced phenotypes in SCA3 and that neurodegeneration in different parts of brain may induce different disease severity in SCA3.
Metabolic Fate and Distribution of 2´‐Fucosyllactose: Direct Influence on Gut Microbial Activity but not on Brain
Authors: Kuntz Sabine , Kunz Clemens , Borsch Christian , Vazquez Enrique , Buck Rachael , Reutzel Martina , Eckert Gunter Peter , Rudloff Silvia 
Published: May 2019

Scope2´‐Fucosyllactose (2´FL) is an abundant oligosaccharide in human milk. It is hypothesized that its brain enrichment is associated with improved learning. Accumulation of 2´FL in organs, biological fluids, and feces is assessed in wild‐type and germ‐free mice.Methods and results13C‐labelled 2´FL is applied to NMRI wild‐type mice intravenously (0.2 g kg−1) or orally (1 g kg−1), while controls receive saline. Biological samples are collected (0.5–15 h) and 13C‐enrichment is measured by elemental analysis isotope ratio mass spectrometry (EA‐IRMS). After oral application, 2´FL is primarily eliminated in the feces. 13C‐enrichment in organs including the brain follows the same pattern as in plasma with a maximum peak after 5 h. However, 13C‐enrichment is only detected when the 13C‐2´FL bolus reaches the colon. In contrast, in germ‐free mice, the 13C‐bolus remains in the intestinal content and is expelled via the feces. Furthermore, intravenously applied 13C‐2´FL is eliminated via urine; no 13C‐enrichment of organs is observed, suggesting that intact 2´FL is not retained.Conclusions13C‐enrichment in brain and other organs after oral application of 13C‐2´FL in wild‐type mice indicates cleaved fucose or other gut microbial 2´FL metabolites may be incorporated, as opposed to intact 2´FL.
A DGS monopole antenna loaded with U‐shape stub for UWB MIMO applications
Authors: Hasan Md Nazmul , Chu Son , Bashir Shahid 
Published: May 2019

AbstractA defected ground structure‐based rectangular monopole antenna along with 2 × 2 and 4 × 4 multiple‐input multiple‐output (MIMO) antennas are presented. The proposed monopole antenna consists of a defected ground structure with two slits and a notch placed at optimum positions to increase the impedance bandwidth. Besides, the radiator is loaded with a U‐shape stub to improve the impedance matching of the antenna. The measured impedance bandwidth of the proposed monopole antenna is from 3.18 to 11.5 GHz. Time domain experiment is carried on to investigate the dispersion characteristics of the proposed antenna. Measurement results reveal that the proposed antenna can retain the transmitted pulse shape, ensuring dispersion‐free communication. Far‐field measurements confirm omnidirectional radiation patterns over the operating bandwidth. Moreover, MIMO performance of the proposed 2 × 2 and 4 × 4 antenna arrays are evaluated based on isolation, envelop correlation coefficient, diversity gain, and channel capacity loss. The proposed single monopole and MIMO versions of this antenna can be used in portable UWB communication devices.
AAPM task group 224: Comprehensive proton therapy machine quality assurance
Authors: Arjomandy Bijan , Taylor Paige , Ainsley Christopher , Safai Sairos , Sahoo Narayan , Pankuch Mark , Farr Jonathan B. , Yong Park Sung , Klein Eric , Flanz Jacob , Yorke Ellen D. , Followill David , Kase Yuki 
Published: May 2019

Purpose: Task Group (TG) 224 was established by the American Association of Physicists in Medicine's Science Council under the Radiation Therapy Committee and Work Group on Particle Beams. The group was charged with developing comprehensive quality assurance (QA) guidelines and recommendations for the three commonly employed proton therapy techniques for beam delivery: scattering, uniform scanning, and pencil beam scanning. This report supplements established QA guidelines for therapy machine performance for other widely used modalities, such as photons and electrons (TG 142, TG 40, TG 24, TG 22, TG 179, and Medical Physics Practice Guideline 2a) and shares their aims of ensuring the safe, accurate, and consistent delivery of radiation therapy dose distributions to patients. Methods: To provide a basis from which machine‐specific QA procedures can be developed, the report first describes the different delivery techniques and highlights the salient components of the related machine hardware. Depending on the particular machine hardware, certain procedures may be more or less important, and each institution should investigate its own situation. Results: In lieu of such investigations, this report identifies common beam parameters that are typically checked, along with the typical frequencies of those checks (daily, weekly, monthly, or annually). The rationale for choosing these checks and their frequencies is briefly described. Short descriptions of suggested tools and procedures for completing some of the periodic QA checks are also presented. Conclusion: Recommended tolerance limits for each of the recommended QA checks are tabulated, and are based on the literature and on consensus data from the clinical proton experience of the task group members. We hope that this and other reports will serve as a reference for clinical physicists wishing either to establish a proton therapy QA program or to evaluate an existing one.
Resetting the table for people and plants: Botanic gardens and research organizations collaborate to address food and agricultural plant blindness
Authors: Krishnan Sarada , Moreau Tara , Kuehny Jeff , Novy Ari , Greene Stephanie L. , Khoury Colin K. 
Published: May 2019

Societal Impact StatementFood and agricultural plants are integral to human well‐being. Due to their universal importance, such plants would appear to represent an ideal entryway by which to address plant blindness. However, with limited opportunities for direct contact with agriculture, many people cannot appreciate the flora that feed us every day. We provide examples of informal education initiatives aimed at increasing public awareness and appreciation of food and agricultural plants, made possible through collaborations between botanic gardens, academic institutions, nonprofits, and agricultural research organizations. We hope these examples encourage and inspire organizations to further utilize food and agricultural plants to tackle plant blindness.SummaryOf the myriad gifts plants provide to humanity, food is among the most visible, as everyone needs to eat, every single day. Due to their universal importance, food and agricultural plants would appear to represent ideal entryways to address plant blindness. Yet increasing urbanization worldwide and decreasing proportions of the global workforce in agriculture are limiting opportunities for people to have direct, hands‐on experiences with food and agricultural plants outside of retail purchasing, meal preparation, and food consumption. This disconnect is troubling, especially as the challenges to the sustainability of our future food supply necessitate that society, and certainly elected decision‐makers, have the capacity to understand the potential benefits, risks, and tradeoffs inherent to agriculture and its advancing technologies. We outline opportunities to address agricultural plant blindness with emphasis on current complex issues within the food and agriculture sector. We provide examples of fruitful collaborations between botanic gardens, academic institutions, nonprofits, and agricultural research organizations that engage people around these issues.
Cystic fibrosis year in review 2018, part 2
Authors: Savant Adrienne P. , McColley Susanna A. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractCystic fibrosis (CF) research and case reports were robust in the year 2018. This report summarizes publications related the multisystem effects of CF, pulmonary exacerbations, new and expanded therapies other than cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator modulator studies, and patient‐reported priorities and outcomes.
Characterization of the novel cardiolipin binding regions identified on the protease and lipid activated PKC‐related kinase 1
Authors: Lin Jason L. J. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractProtein kinase C‐related kinase 1 (PRK1) or PKN is a protease and lipid activated protein kinase that acted downstream of the RhoA or Rac1 pathway. PRK1 comprises a unique regulatory domain and a PKC homologous kinase domain. The regulatory domain of PRK1 consists of homologous region −1 (HR1) and −2 (HR2). PRK1‐(HR1) features a pseudosubstrate motif that overlapped with the putative cardiolipin and known RhoA binding sites. In fact, cardiolipin is the most potent lipid activator for PRK1 in respect of its either auto‐ or substrate phosphorylation activity. This study was thus aimed to characterize the binding region(s) of cardiolipin that was previously suggested for the regulatory domain of PRK1. The principal findings of this work established (i) PRK1‐(HR1) folded into an active conformation where high affinity binding sites (mainly located in HR1a subdomain) were accessible for cardiolipin binding to protect against limited Lys‐C digestion, (ii) the binding nature between acidic phospholipids and PRK1 (HR1) involved both polar and nonpolar components consistent with the amphipathic nature of the known cardiolipin‐binding motifs, (iii) identification of the molecule masses of the Lys‐C fragments of PRK1‐(HR1) complexed with cardiolipin molecule, and (iv) appreciable reductions in the secondary structural contents at 222 nm measured by circular dichroism analyses demonstrated the binding of cardiolipin elicited the disruptive effect that was most evident among all phospholipids tested, suggestive of a functional correlation between the extents of helical disruption and PRK1 activation.
Modelling changes in trout habitat following stream restoration
Authors: Richer Eric E. , Gates Emily A. , Kondratieff Matt C. , Herdrich Adam T. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractStream restoration was implemented on the Upper Arkansas River near Leadville, Colorado, to improve brown trout (Salmo trutta) populations. Metals pollution and channel disturbance associated with historic mining, land use, and water development degraded aquatic and riparian habitat. Changes in instream habitat quality following restoration were investigated with a before–after–control–impact study design. Baseline, as‐built, and effectiveness surveys were conducted in 2013, 2014, and 2016, respectively. Two‐dimensional hydrodynamic modelling with River2D was used to estimate weighted usable area (WUA) for adult, juvenile, fry, and spawning brown trout across a range of flows. WUA was calculated from habitat suitability curves for velocity, depth, and channel substrate. Foraging positions (FP) and habitat heterogeneity were also evaluated as indices of habitat quality. All results were analysed with analysis of variance. At impact sites, WUA increased by 12.2% from 2013 to 2014 but decreased by 10.2% from 2014 to 2016, whereas FP increased by 24.8% from 2013 to 2014 but decreased by 26.1% from 2014 to 2016. Spawning habitat increased 53.3% from 2014 to 2016 at impact sites. The 15.4% increase in depth variability from 2013 to 2016 indicates that habitat heterogeneity was enhanced at impact sites. No changes in WUA, FP, or habitat heterogeneity were observed at control sites. Although changes in WUA and FP suggest that initial habitat improvements were not sustained, increased spawning habitat and depth heterogeneity suggest otherwise. Our results highlight the value of monitoring strategies that utilize multiple lines of evidence to evaluate restoration effectiveness, inform adaptive management, and improve restoration practices.
Nickel Promoted Palladium Nanoparticles for Electrocatalysis of Carbohydrazide Oxidation Reaction
Authors: Guo Min , Wang Haining , Cui Liting , Zhang Jin , Xiang Yan , Lu Shanfu 
Published: May 2019

AbstractCarbohydrazide is a potential alternative to toxic hydrazine for fuel cell applications to overcome the challenges of storage and transportation of hydrogen. In this work, Ni‐alloyed Pd nanoparticles (NPs) with varied Pd–Ni ratios supported on carbon black (PdNix/C) are prepared and their catalytic performance for the carbohydrazide electro‐oxidation reaction is investigated. The catalytic performance of PdNix/C NPs is significantly improved in comparison to Pd/C NPs. The current density of PdNix/C NPs with optimized Pd–Ni atom ratio can reach 3.26 A mg−1metal at a potential of 0.4 V (vs reversible hydrogen electrode), which is an increase of 2.4 times compared to that of Pd/C. The density functional theory calculation indicates the enhanced catalytic activity is caused by the change of adsorption energy of carbohydrazide molecules on the metal surface. It exhibits a volcano relationship between the adsorption energy and the catalytic current density of PdNix/C with varied Pd–Ni atom ratios.