bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perinatal mental ill health: the experiences of women from ethnic minority groups
Authors: Watson Helen , Soltani Hora 
Published: October 2019

Objectives This study aimed to investigate ethnic minority women's experiences and opinions of perinatal mental health problems and the provision support services. Methods An exploratory survey was undertaken using a questionnaire. Quantitative data were analysed using descriptive statistics and a simple thematic analysis was used for the qualitative data. A total of 51 responses from women of 14 different ethnic minority backgrounds were analysed. Findings Women from minority ethnic groups face barriers to seeking help for perinatal mental ill health as a result of ongoing stigma, the poor attitudes and behaviours of health professionals and inappropriately designed services. Conclusions Future interventions should focus on providing adequate cultural competency for health professionals and ensure that all women are able to access culturally appropriate spaces to talk and be listened to in community settings and wider services.
Discovering Cross-Reactivity in Urine Drug Screening Immunoassays through Large-Scale Analysis of Electronic Health Records
Authors: Hughey Jacob J , Colby Jennifer M 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Exposure to drugs of abuse is frequently assessed using urine drug screening (UDS) immunoassays. Although fast and relatively inexpensive, UDS assays often cross-react with unrelated compounds, which can lead to false-positive results and impair patient care. The current process of identifying cross-reactivity relies largely on case reports, making it sporadic and inefficient, and rendering knowledge of cross-reactivity incomplete. Here, we present a systematic approach to discover cross-reactive substances using data from electronic health records (EHRs).

METHODS
Using our institution's EHR data, we assembled a data set of 698651 UDS results across 10 assays and linked each UDS result to the corresponding individual's previous medication exposures. We hypothesized that exposure to a cross-reactive ingredient would increase the odds of a false-positive screen. For 2201 assay–ingredient pairs, we quantified potential cross-reactivity as an odds ratio from logistic regression. We then evaluated cross-reactivity experimentally by spiking the ingredient or its metabolite into drug-free urine and testing the spiked samples on each assay.

RESULTS
Our approach recovered multiple known cross-reactivities. After accounting for concurrent exposures to multiple ingredients, we selected 18 compounds (13 parent drugs and 5 metabolites) to evaluate experimentally. We validated 12 of 13 tested assay–ingredient pairs expected to show cross-reactivity by our analysis, discovering previously unknown cross-reactivities affecting assays for amphetamines, buprenorphine, cannabinoids, and methadone.

CONCLUSIONS
Our findings can help laboratorians and providers interpret presumptive positive UDS results. Our data-driven approach can serve as a model for high-throughput discovery of substances that interfere with laboratory tests.
Present-day methods of therapy of pituitary adenomas
Authors: Serpuhovitin S. Yu. , Kirpatovskaya L. Ye. , Komolov I. S. 
Published: October 2019

Pituitary tumors often called adenomas, mainly come from the anterior pituitary and in about 90% of cases secrete large quantities of one or more pituitary hormones, which leads to changes in homeostasis and the occurence of specific endocrine diseases such as acromegaly, a lactorrhea-amenorrhea syndrome, a Cushing's disease, etc. The clinical picture of both hormone-secreting and non-secreting pituitary tumors can also be caused by their germination of their interconnected structure of the pituitary gland, parasellar areas with impaired brain function.
The etiology of pituitary tumors is still unknown. This is largely due to the difficulties in choosing a method of treatment of a tumor. Although most pituitary adenomas are benign and relatively slow-growing formations, it should be remembered that about 50% of tumors can grow quite quickly, penetrating through the Dura mater into the parasellar region. Quite rarely, pituitary tumors are malignant. In this case, they metastasize to the subarachnoid space, brain and other organs.
The emergence of new methods of topical diagnosis and biochemical studies makes it possible to verify the presence of pituitary tumors at the stages of microadenoma.'This, in turn, allows for a more effective impact on them until the patient is completely cured, including the termination of hypersection, restoration of pituitary function and prevention of relapse of the disease. The main methods of treatment of pituitary adenomas are medication, radiation therapy, adenomectomy, as well as their combined use.
The internal picture of the disease in type 1 diabetes
Authors: Sidorov P. I. , Novikova I. A. , Solov'ev A. G. , Mul'kova N. N. 
Published: October 2019

То study the internal picture of the disease, 73 patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM) were examined. Among them, there were 43 females and 31 males whose age was 14 to 60 years and whose disease duration was 6 months to 39years. Psychological diagnostic tests evaluating their attitude to the disease revealed that in the patients, hypo- and hypernosognosias were prevalent in the pattern of nosognosias, hyponosognosias being observed somewhat more frequently, and adequate reactions to the disease were observed rel­atively rarely (15%). Among hyponosognosias, there was most commonly an ergopathic or anosognosic type of an attitude to the disease, which leads to the underestimation of their disease and to poor metabolic control. Hypemosognosia was more characteristic for females, which in the presence of severe complications and with a long-term history of the diseases is a consequence of DM complications and premorbid personality traits. A sensitive type as a result of social disadaptation and discrimination of society towards DM patients holds a central position in the pattern of hypernosognosias.
Obligatory psychological and psychotherapeutic correction of the internal picture of disease in DM is required to achieve good pa­rameters of metabolic control and qualitative management of DM, which will promote the patients’ better life quality.
On Nodal Solutions of the Nonlinear Choquard Equation
Authors: Gui Changfeng , Guo Hui 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
This paper deals with the general Choquard equation

-

Δ
⁢
u

+

V
⁢

(

|
x
|

)

⁢
u

=

(

I
α

*

|
u
|

p

)

⁢

|
u
|

p
-
2

⁢
u

in
⁢

ℝ
N

,

-\Delta u+V(|x|)u=(I_{\alpha}*|u|^{p})|u|^{p-2}u\quad\text{in }\mathbb{R}^{N},

where

V
∈

C
⁢

(

[
0
,
∞
)

,

ℝ
+

)

{V\in C([0,\infty),\mathbb{R}^{+})}

is bounded below by a positive constant, and

I
α

{I_{\alpha}}

denotes the Riesz potential of order

α
∈

(
0
,
N
)

{\alpha\in(0,N)}

. In view of the convolution term, the nonlocal property makes the variational functional completely different from the one for local pure power-type nonlinearity. By combining the Brouwer degree and developing some new techniques, a family of radial solutions with a prescribed number of zeros is constructed for

p
∈

[
2
,

N
+
α

N
-
2

)

{p\in[2,\frac{N+\alpha}{N-2})}

, while the degeneracy happens for

p
∈

(

N
+
α

N

,
2
)

{p\in(\frac{N+\alpha}{N},2)}

. This result complements and improves the ones in the literature in the aspect of the range of p.
Distributed trajectory planning for multi-agent discrete event systems
Authors: Appel Marcus , Walther Michael , Konigorski Ulrich 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Many systems like manufacturing systems, biological processes and even stock markets can be seen as networks of coupled decision makers and thus be described as networked discrete event systems (DES) or multi-agent discrete event systems (MADES). Information interchange between agents is usually performed indirectly via competition for shared resources. The problem of trajectory planning for MADES is about finding an optimal sequence of decisions for the particular agents. The planning process can be performed in a distributed manner. To encode the trajectory planning problem, we utilize Petri net models and present a formal way to derive integer linear programs (ILPs) that exhibit a bordered block-diagonal structure. We apply Dantzig’s decomposition method to decompose the LP-relaxed problem into multiple subproblems that can be solved locally by their corresponding agents. In general, the obtained LP solutions are non-integer. Therefore, we ensure feasibility to the original ILP using a superior Branch-and-Bound algorithm. Hence, we end up with a so called Branch-and-Price algorithm, tailored to solve trajectory planning problems for general MADES via distributed optimization.
System Co-Design (SCODE): Methodik zur Analyse hybrider Systeme
Authors: Bitzer Matthias , Herrmann Martin , Mayer-John Eckart 
Published: October 2019

Zusammenfassung
Die zunehmende Komplexität von regelungstechnischer Funktionalität und deren Umsetzung in Software erfordert eine Systematik zur Integration von systemtheoretischen als auch softwaretechnischen Vorgehensweisen. Die vorgestellte SCODE-Methode zielt auf eine systematische Herleitung von Betriebsmodi und Verifikation aller für den Funktionsentwurf relevanten logischen Zusammenhänge im Sinne einer „Essentiellen Analyse“ für mechatronische Systeme. Der Nutzen einer systematischen modularen Strukturierung ist neben garantierter (logischer) Vollständigkeit und Konsistenz durch eine damit einhergehende Komplexitätsreduktion sowie bessere Wartbarkeit und Testbarkeit gegeben. Der Artikel beschreibt die Methode anhand eines mechatronischen Beispiels, zeigt ihren Nutzen auf und stellt die vorhandene Toolunterstützung vor.
PI-Zustandsregler - eine methodische Neubetrachtung
Authors: Grabmair Gernot , Gahleitner Reinhard 
Published: October 2019

Zusammenfassung
Dieser Beitrag diskutiert die Wahlmöglichkeiten hinsichtlich der konstanten Führungsgrößenaufschaltung, um einen bestehenden Zustandsregler für allgemeine d. h. auch sprungfähige sowohl zeitkontinuierliche als auch zeitdiskrete LTI-SISO-Systeme um einen Integralanteil auf einen sogenannten PI-Zustandsregler zu erweitern. Der Fokus dieser Arbeit liegt in einer systemanalytischen Interpretation der charakteristischen Fälle. Infolge des konstruktiven Zugangs können Methoden präsentiert werden, wie ein bestehender Zustandsregler ohne vollständigen Neuentwurf um einen Integralanteil erweitert werden kann. Dies ermöglicht prinzipiell eine ressourcenschonende online Umparametrierung bzw. Zu- und Abschaltung des I-Anteils. Von besonderem Interesse ist dabei die Möglichkeit, durch dezidierte Wahl der Vorfilterkonstante sogar die Invarianz des gesamten Führungsverhaltens des ursprünglichen Zustandsreglers zu erzielen. Dies wird durch systematische Abspaltung eines nicht erreichbaren Teilsystems erzwungen. Weiters wird hierfür die direkte Äquivalenz zu einem reduzierten Störgrößenbeobachter gezeigt. Eine andere Parametrierung erlaubt, rampenförmigen Führungssignalen asymptotisch exakt zu folgen bzw. derartige Ausgangsstörungen zu unterdrücken. Die Demonstration der wesentlichen präsentierten Methoden an einem Simulationsmodell mit integrierendem Verhalten schließt diesen Beitrag.
Ist die globalisierte Gesellschaft noch zu retten? ⇒ Systemdynamisch: „Pole in der rechten s-Halbebene“
Authors: Welfonder Ernst 
Published: October 2019

Zusammenfassung
Seit Beginn der Industrialisierung haben sich weltweit drei dominierende Eigendynamiken herausgebildet, nämlich die technisch-/wirtschaftliche, die ökologische und die demographische ED.
Der verbreitete Einsatz der Rechentechnik sowie das Aufkommen der Automatisierung treiben den Fortschritt immer schneller voran und führen dazu, dass die drei Eigendynamiken – wie quantitativ dargelegt wird – ab 1950 steil ansteigen, d. h. erst seit gut zwei Generationen.
Zum Wohle unserer Kinder und Kindeskinder ist ein weltweites Umdenken zwingend erforderlich. Hierzu bedarf es u. a. vielschichtiger staatlicher Maßnahmen zur Erzielung einer nachhaltigen Entwicklung sowie zur Anhebung des Lebensstandards in den Entwicklungsländern.
Influence of Human Serum Albumin Glycation on the Binding Affinities for Natural Flavonoids
Authors: Liu Liangliang , Liu Yi , Xiao Aiping , Mei Shiyong , Xie Yixi 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIncreasing the degree of glycation in diabetes could affect the ability of plasma proteins in binding to small molecules and active compounds. In this study, the influence of glycation of Human serum albumin (HSA) on the binding affinities for six dietary flavonoids was investigated by fluorescence spectra. Glycated HSA was prepared through incubation with glucose and characterized by several methods to confirm the glycation. It was found that the level of glycation increased with the increasing incubation time. The glycation of HSA increased the binding affinities for flavonoids by 1.40 to 48.42 times, which indicates that modifications caused by the glycation may have different influences on the interactions of flavonoids with HSA at separate binding sites on this protein. These results are valuable for understanding the influence of diabetes on the metabolism of flavonoids and other bioactive small molecules in human body.
Designing a university seminar to professionalize prospective teachers for digitization in chemistry education
Authors: Zimmermann Franziska , Melle Insa 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe legal obligation to implement digital tools in teaching and learning at all German schools poses a challenge to all teachers since the majority of teachers feel that they are not well enough prepared to meet the requirements. It is therefore of great importance to professionalize both teaching staff and prospective teachers for implementing digital tools effectively and appropriately. Therefore, within this project we develop and evaluate an innovative university seminar that aims at the professionalization of prospective teachers for digitization in chemistry education by providing the requisite skills. The study is an intervention study that tests the interventions’ effects by using repeated measures. In reference to the TPACK (technological pedagogical content knowledge) model, we explore the potential implications of the seminar to the future teachers’ teaching practices on the levels of self-efficacy, lesson planning and practical implementation. Consequently, this study does not only reflect one important area of teaching practice, but consists of a comprehensive analysis of TPACK knowledge. Additionally, the study also aims to determine potential implications for other teaching programs. The first results of the pilot study show that the seminar participants assess the seminar as very attractive. Moreover, the seminar participation led to a significant positive change regarding the prospective teachers’ attitudes towards the implementation of digital tools in chemistry lessons as well as their TPACK self-efficacy perceptions.
From Doing to Thinking: Developing the Entrepreneurial Mindset through Scaffold Assignments and Self-Regulated Learning Reflection
Authors: Bosman Lisa 
Published: October 2019

AbstractEngineer, innovators, and designers play a critical role in the economy by addressing pressing problems and creating solutions that are new and innovative. It is a role that involves technical skills but also requires curiosity, an ability to connect pieces of knowledge to discover solutions, and a focus on value creation – which are all characteristic of the entrepreneurial mindset. There are many different design-focused frameworks that can be used to enhance the entrepreneurial mindset; this study focuses on four of them: systems thinking, design thinking, the value proposition canvas, and the business model canvas. The purpose of this paper is to highlight a new approach to developing the entrepreneurial mindset that goes beyond the proverbial “checking boxes” to providing an approach for demonstrating the integration of doing (artifact development) and thinking (reflection). This innovative and experimental approach offers two unique attributes. First, it is a scaffold in that instruction of each of the four modules builds on the other, further enhancing and grounding the learning experience. Second, students are required to continuously reflect on the process. This encourages students to think about learning in a holistic manner, allowing the ability to connect classroom learning with specific current and future utility. The findings suggest that students were able to recognize why the design-focused frameworks and learning activities were important outside of the classroom, particularly in relation to workforce preparation and securing future employment.
D. H. Lawrence’s Etruscan Seduction
Authors: Michelucci Stefania 
Published: October 2019

AbstractSketches of Etruscan Placesis especially important among D. H. Lawrence’s later works not only because it is the work that completes the image of a restless, indefatigable traveler looking for a new gospel in old cultures and in faraway countries, but also because it offers stimulating and surprisingly modern reflections on the relationship between dominant and subordinate cultures.For centuries historians, archaeologists, linguists and scholars had tried to penetrate the mystery of the Etruscans in order to explain their origin, interpret their symbols and read their language. Lawrence attempted to give his own interpretation of that ancient mysterious world as he viewed the Etruscans as the symbol of a lost vitality. His interpretation of this lost civilization insists on the “manipulation of cultural heritage,” which anticipates ideas expressed by Ronald Barthes inMythologies(1957). As a result, Lawrence undermines traditional views of Etruscan civilization as vassal to Greek and Roman civilization and defends its individuality. Finally, Lawrence anticipates post-colonial ideas by deconstructing the centrality of the Western historical and cultural system of values and reconstructing, although partially, the non-canonical multiplicity of ethnic separateness.
Verortung in einer mobilen Welt. Zum Zusammenhang zwischen Kirchenzehnt und der Einhegung von Mobilität im Karolingerreich
Authors: Patzold Steffen 
Published: October 2019

Zusammenfassung
Der Beitrag beleuchtet Formen von Mobilität und ihrer Einhegung im Reich der Karolinger. Er argumentiert, dass aus dem Streben nach gottgefälliger „Correctio“ möglichst aller Menschen heraus Karl der Große und seine Eliten des Frankenreichs um 800 das jahrhundertealte Zehntgebot neu regelten. Während es zuvor möglich gewesen war, den Zehnten an eine Kirche der eigenen Wahl abzuführen, band Karl bald nach seiner Kaiserkrönung den Zehnten systematisch an die zuständige Taufkirche, in der die Menschen zugleich auch die Predigt hören und die weiteren Sakramente empfangen sollten. Diese Reallokation des Zehnten – die zunächst wohl dazu diente, diese Taufkirchen materiell besser auszustatten – hatte bemerkenswerte Folgen für die Gesellschaft des Karolingerreiches, die essentiell auf Mobilität im Raum angewiesen war. Die Maßnahme definierte nämlich „Pole“ im Raum, an denen Menschen aus Sicht der Obrigkeit verortet waren und deshalb auch verlässlich zur Verantwortung gezogen werden konnten.
Student Nurses’ Perceptions About Older People
Authors: Dahlke Sherry , Davidson Sandra , Duarte Wisnesky Uira , Kalogirou Maya R. , Salyers Vince , Pollard Cheryl , Fox Mary T. , Hunter Kathleen F. , Baumbusch Jennifer 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Educating nursing students about the ageing population is situated within negative societal, heath care and nursing perceptions. A cross-sectional design using Burbank’s perceptions towards older people scale was used to survey students in a pre-licensure nursing program in western Canada. Findings revealed that students’ perceptions about older people were lower in the third year of the nursing program and after four clinical experiences. We suggest that students’ first experiences in long-term care settings, in which they learn to provide basic care to older people, be balanced with experiences of older people in a variety of settings. Such experiences would allow students to develop the knowledge and skill needed to work with an ageing population with complex healthcare needs. More research is needed to better understand students’ experiences and perceptions about where in the program more learning strategies about how to best work with older people would be helpful.
Student Perception of the Flipped Classroom in Nursing Education
Authors: Hessler Karen Lee 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
As nurse educators consider new pedagogy for teaching nursing, the students’ views and perceptions must be considered. Many studies and commentaries have been written to date on the flipped classroom in nursing education, but few have used research methods to tease out student views of this teaching approach. The purpose of this study was to investigate student perceptions of the flipped classroom using a phenomenological approach. Students who had experienced traditional lecture instruction and the flipped classroom in the same semester were asked about their perceptions and comparisons of the two instructional methods. Qualitative analysis of fifteen individual interviews and two focus groups revealed seven themes, each encompassing a rich data set to inform nurse educators about student perceptions of the flipped classroom. This research informs educators on the effects of launching innovative teaching and learning strategies while considering the audience within the classroom.
Making the most of MOGUL: Reflections on interlanguage in childhood language disorders
Authors: Foster-Cohen Susan H. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Interlanguage is a concept that is manifest in any trajectory of language change in a learner: typical first language, second language or language disorder. To understand those trajectories we need a rich psychological model of what creates them. This paper applies one such model–Sharwood Smith and Truscott’s Modular On-Line Growth and Use of Language model (MOGUL)–to childhood developmental language disorders, and suggests that the model’s components of language processing and their interaction shed significant light on why children with a wide range of different language disorders exhibit the language behaviours that are the characteristic of their diagnoses. Following a brief summary of the MOGUL model, the paper explores the impact on language development of differences in sensori-motor input, in the functioning of the various modules and the interfaces between them, and in the storage and activation of memory. Like Relevance Theory, with which the paper makes a direct connection, MOGUL encourages one to take a view of developmental language disorder as emerging from the same set of psychological resources as typical development (first or second) but as being the result of adjustments to, or compensations for, differences in how the various modules function and connect with each other.
Cross-linguistic influence in bilingual productions of the English past tense in Arabic heritage speakers of Australian English
Authors: Mailhammer Robert , Zeidan Ronia 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThis paper examines cross-linguistic influence in morphology among adult monolingual and heritage speakers (Arabic-English and Chinese-English). Participants performed a task requiring them to form past tenses for English nonce words. Arabic-English bilinguals produced significantly more vowel change past tenses than either English monolinguals or Chinese-English bilinguals. We attribute the preponderance of vowel change past tenses to cross-linguistic influence of Arabic, as vowel change is a dominant morphological property in Arabic but not in English or Chinese. These results support dynamic models of bilingualism with constantly active and interacting languages and contribute to the phenomenology of crosslinguistic interference.