bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Direkte Kosten sozialer Angststörung bei Jugendlichen und Kosteneffektivität der Psychotherapie
Authors: Dams Judith , Kronmüller Klaus-Thomas , Leibing Eric , Steil Regina , Henningsen Peter , Leichsenring Falk , Peseschkian Hamid , Rosner Rita , Salzer Simone , Stefini Annette , Vonderlin Eva , König Hans-Helmut 
Published: October 2018

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Ziel war die Analyse direkter Kosten sozialer Angststörung (SAD) bei Jugendlichen und der Kosteneffektivität von CBT bzw. PDT.
Methoden Multizentrische randomisierte Studie mit N = 103 Patienten. Krankheitskosten wurden zur Baseline und Kosteneffektivität nach der Behandlung analysiert.
Ergebnisse Direkte 6-Monats-Kosten zu Baseline lagen bei 809 €. Während die inkrementelle Kosten-Effektivitäts-Relation von CBT im Vergleich zur Warteliste bei 18 824 €/QALY lag, war PDT nicht kosteneffektiv.
Zusammenfassung SAD verursacht hohe direkte Kosten. CBT ist wahrscheinlich kosteneffektiv.
Idiopathisches Parkinson-Syndrom
Authors: Kassubek Jan 
Published: October 2018

ZusammenfassungDas idiopathische Parkinsonsyndrom (IPS) ist klinisch definiert durch ein zentrales Motorsyndrom mit Leitsymptom Hypokinese sowie ein breites Spektrum von
nicht-motorischen Symptomen. Neuropathologisch liegt der Erkrankung eine Propagation des Proteins α-Synuklein im zentralen, peripheren und enterischen
Nervensystem zugrunde, welche im Gehirn in 6 Stadien nach Braak definiert ist. In der Therapie des IPS existieren profunde symptomorientierte Konzepte für die
motorischen Symptome mit Fokus einer dopaminergen Pharmakotherapie. In fortgeschrittenen Erkrankungsphasen mit Auftreten von motorischen Fluktuationen kommen
invasive Therapieverfahren, wie die Tiefe Hirnstimulation, zum Einsatz. Nicht-motorische Symptome sind für den behandelnden Arzt wesentlich innerhalb des
Gesamt-Therapiekonzeptes. Aufbauend auf dem wachsenden Verständnis für diese neurodegenerative Erkrankung sind im Sinne einer kausal orientierten Intervention
zudem innovative Therapien mit Target α-Synuklein auf dem Weg.
Morbus Alzheimer
Authors: Leinert Christoph , Neugebaue Hermann 
Published: October 2018

ZusammenfassungDie Alzheimererkrankung stellt nach wie vor die häufigste neurodegenerative Erkrankung dar. Sie ist gekennzeichnet durch ein langes aysymptomatisches
Prodromalstadium, in dem es nach der bisher gängigen Amyloidhypothese zur Ablagerung fehlgefalteter Proteinaggregate kommt. Die Diagnose erfolgt in erster Linie
klinisch-neuropsychologisch. Zielgerichtete verlaufsmodifizierende Therapieverfahren konnten bisher nicht über eine Phase-III-Studie hinaus ihre Wirksamkeit
belegen, weswegen zuletzt die Amyloidhypothese als Grundlage der Pathophysiologie erneut hinterfragt wird. Darüber hinaus stehen symptomatische medikamentöse
Behandlungen in Form von Acetylcholinesteraseinhibitoren und eines NMDA-Rezeptor-Antagonisten sowie verschiedene nicht-medikamentöse Behandlungsstrategien zur
Verfügung.
Frontotemporale Demenz
Authors: Otto Markus , Feneberg Emily , Anderl-Straub Sarah 
Published: October 2018

ZusammenfassungDie behaviorale frontotemporale Demenz (bvFTD) ist bei Patienten vor dem 65. Lebensjahr die zweithäufigste Demenzerkrankung nach der Alzheimer-Erkrankung. Die
frontotemporalen Atrophien können sich in Form zweier klinischer Subtypen manifestieren. Entweder stehen bei der behavioralen FTD klinisch Verhaltens-, und
Persönlichkeitsveränderungen im Vordergrund oder bei der primär progredienten Aphasie eine Störung von Sprachverständnis und -produktion. Eine sichere Diagnose
kann bisher nur post mortem mit Hilfe der Neuropathologie oder durch den Nachweis einer genetischen Mutation erfolgen. Zur Diagnosestellung werden neben der
klinischen Einteilung derzeit Bildgebungsverfahren (MRT und FDG-PET) zur Beurteilung des Frontal-, und Temporallappens ergänzt. Die Untersuchung von Tau,
Amyloid-ß und der Neurofilamente kann zur Abgrenzung einer Alzheimer-Erkrankung erfolgen.
„Standard Changing News Onkologie“ in der Tumorchirurgie
Authors: Königsrainer Alfred 
Published: October 2018

ZusammenfassungTumorerkrankungen stellen nach wir vor die zweithäufigste krankheitsbedingte Todesursache in der westlichen Welt dar. Trotz aller Fortschritte in der Diagnostik,
der medikamentösen Tumortherapie aber auch in der chirurgischen Onkologie verlieren wir nach wie vor ca. 50 % der Patienten am Tumorleiden. Schonende Chirurgie
durch minimal invasives Operieren auf der einen Seite erlaubt vielfach eine raschere Rekonvaleszenz bei gleicher onkologischer Qualität, und maximale Chirurgie
bei metastasierten Erkrankungen auf der anderen Seite kann die Prognose auch im Stadium IV deutlich verbessern. Vermehrt kommen auch sogenannte „wait and
see“-Strategien zum Einsatz. In diesem Übersichtsbeitrag werden Konzepte beim Ösophaguskarzinom, beim Magenkarzinom, bei Neuroendokrinen Tumoren (NET) und beim
Pankreaskarzinom beschrieben. Zuletzt noch „Neues“ zur Peritonealkarzinose bei Darmtumoren vom ASCO 2018.
The Prevalence of Anti-Rubella Antibodies in Pregnant Women of Turkey, Results of 94508 Patients in a Tertiary Referral Center
Authors: Sert Umit Yasemin , Ozgu-Erdinc A. Seval , Saygan Sibel , Engin-Ustun Yaprak 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Aim To determine the seroprevalence of rubella in a tertiary referral center inAnkara,Turkey.
Materials and methods A retrospective, cross-sectional study was performed from 2008 to 2017 at the outpatient clinic of Zekai Tahir Burak Women Health Care, Training and Research Hospital in Ankara, Turkey. The study included 94508 pregnant women and the patients were evaluated in terms of IgG and IgM status, IgG avidity and amniotic fluid PCR testing if needed.
Results Seropositivity for anti-rubella IgG and IgM were 89% and 0.19% respectively. 175 patients with IgM positivity were tested by avidity test, 114 patients were found to have high avidity and 57 patients with low avidity. 4 patients have accepted PCR testing and no positive result was found.
Conclusion In our sample of Turkish population, the rate of rubella IgG seropositivity was high suggesting that routine national vaccination programme for rubella is successful. Screening and vaccination of childbearing aged women and updating the national vaccination policy would be effective for the periodic decreases in the immunity.
Temporal Bone and Cerebellopontine Angle Epidermoid Resulting in Facial Nerve Paralysis: Resection and Facial Nerve Coaptation
Authors: Bien Alexander G. , Kim Christine S. , Kenning Tyler J. 
Published: October 2018

Objectives Demonstrate the utilization of a transcochlear approach for resection of an epidermoid involving the temporal bone and cerebellopontine angle (CPA) with end-to-end facial nerve coaptation.
Designs Single case-based operative video.
Setting Tertiary center with dedicated skull base team.
Participants The patient is a 50-year-old left handed male with a history of a remote left Bell's palsy, left sudden sensorineural hearing loss, and a rapidly progressive facial nerve paralysis. His balance was impaired, and his videonystagmography showed a significant left sided peripheral vestibular weakness. Computed tomography (CT) scan showed an erosive lesion of his left temporal bone involving the cochlea and semicircular canals, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed a T2 hyperintense lesion with restricted diffusion and no enhancement on postcontrast T1 sequences.
Main Outcome Measures Gross total resection of the epidermoid, recovery of facial nerve function, balance improvement.
Results The patient underwent resection via a transcochlear approach. The tumor involved the epitympanum and eroded the semicircular canals, vestibule, and basal turn of the cochlea. Gross total tumor resection was attained. The facial nerve was isolated in the mastoid and tympanic segments, traced proximally to the geniculate ganglion, and then into the internal auditory canal (IAC). The nerve was discontinuous in the distal IAC and a reactive neuroma was resected. The facial nerve was mobilized and an end-to-end coaptation was performed in the CPA using a collagen tubule. The 3-month postoperative MRI showed no residual or recurrent disease. His postoperative balance was improved. Partial facial nerve recovery is not expected prior to 9 to 12 months.The link to the video can be found at: https://youtu.be/C6N8qPwBt2Y.
Surgical Management of Comminuted, Displaced Greater Tuberosity Fractures: A New Technique of Subacromial Spacer on Top of Double-Row Suture Anchor Fixation
Authors: Naggar Leslie 
Published: October 2018

AbstractArthroscopic treatment of greater tuberosity (GT) fractures has been previously described. Arthroscopy allows identifying and addressing coexisting injuries, such as rotator cuff tears, labrum, or superior labrum anterior and posterior lesions, which are often present. Fracture comminution precludes the use of rigid fracture fixation with screws and arthroscopic rotator cuff repair is performed instead. Recent articles have depicted the role of the balloon-shaped subacromial spacer in massive and irreparable rotator cuff tears. The purpose of this technical report is to outline another use of the spacer in patients with a GT fracture. The concept is to leverage the advantage of the compression effect of the subacromial spacer to prevent displacement of the GT fracture and allow early active shoulder rehabilitation, especially in comminuted or eggshell fractures when rigid fixation is not feasible.
Endovascular Management of Nonvariceal Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding
Authors: Vij Arjun , Kapoor Baljendra , McLennan Gordon , Partovi Sasan 
Published: October 2018

AbstractNonvariceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) is associated with significant morbidity and mortality among hospitalized patients and thus presents a treatment challenge for the interventional radiologist. Common causes of nonvariceal UGIB include peptic ulcer disease, Mallory–Weiss tear, erosive inflammatory changes, ulcer disease, malignancy, and vascular malformations. Noninvasive imaging workup for this condition may include computed tomography angiography and tagged red blood cell scan. Invasive angiography allows for both the diagnosis and endovascular treatment of nonvariceal UGIB. Transcatheter embolization can be performed using a variety of embolic agents, such as coils, vascular plugs, and Gelfoam. For patients with negative angiography results despite the presence of clinically and endoscopically significant UGIB from a known source such as gastric ulcer or duodenal ulcer, the left gastric or gastroduodenal artery can be empirically embolized. In high-risk patients with multiple comorbidities who have failed endoscopic therapy, endovascular embolization is associated with lower complication rates compared with open surgery. In this review, we discuss current management strategy and endovascular techniques for the management of the nonvariceal upper GI hemorrhage.
In-Hospital Falls at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology
Authors: Kimura Toshiya , Miura Makoto , Gyo Kumiko , Yamada Koichiro , Honda Keigo , Hayashi Yasuyuki , Tanigami Yuki , Nakahira Mai , Ikeda Hiroki 
Published: October 2018

AbstractA fall accident is an event that is associated with many disadvantages. In our hospital, 5,259 fall cases have been reported over the past 7 years according to our incident reports, and account for 16.5% of all incident reports. We conducted a detailed examination of 120 of these fall cases at the Department of Otolaryngology. Most of all, “before and after excretion” is a common fall-outbreak-motive reason for falls in all departments. In the field of otolaryngology, “use of drugs” and “walking disorder” are frequently encountered reasons for a fall. Calculation of age-specific fall rates revealed two peaks: around 0 years old and after 80 years old. It is suggested that a fall is associated with a reduced ability for maintaining the standing position. A correlation has been reported between the fall rate and the average length of hospitalization. Both the length of hospitalization of 12.3 days and fall rate of 1.97 among the cases seen at the Department of Otolaryngology are lower than all courses that are in other fields, on average. In the patients seen at the Department of Otolaryngology, the fall rate rises significantly as the length of hospitalization increases. In the Department of Otolaryngology, the fall rate of the malignancy group is high (2.91), irrespective of the treatment regimens. Each of the three items—“14 hospitalization days or more,” “65 years old or older,” and “malignancy”—contributes to falls in patients seen at the Department of Otolaryngology, and multivariate analysis revealed a particularly strong contribution of the previous two items. In elderly patients with expected long-term hospitalization, it is necessary to proactively attempt risk reduction; we first make all patients aware of the risk of long-term hospitalization at the first examination, and divide length of stay into multiple times. We review the assessment score after reexamining the “disease severity” and “performance status” as risk factors for falls, and want to realize more efficient measures for preventing falls in the future.
Effects of different dosages of caffeine administration on wrestling performance during a simulated tournament
Authors: Negaresh Raoof , Del Coso Juan , Mokhtarzade Motahare , Lima‐Silva Adriano Eduardo , Baker Julien S. , Willems Mark E. T. , Talebvand Sina , Khodadoost Mostafa , Farhani Farid 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of different forms of caffeine administration on physical performance during a simulated wrestling tournament. In a double‐blind and randomized experiment, twelve male freestyle wrestlers competed in a simulated wrestling tournament (5 wrestling matches consisting of 2 × 3‐min wrestling rounds) following the ingestion of: a placebo, a high‐dose of caffeine (10 mg/kg), a moderate‐dose caffeine (4 mg/kg), a repeated‐dose caffeine (2 mg/kg before each match to a total of 10 mg/kg) or a selective caffeine administration based on performance decrement previously measured (6.16 ± 1.58 mg/kg). The Pittsburgh Wrestling Performance Test (PWPT) was measured before each match to assess physical performance. In comparison to the placebo, the high dose of caffeine only reduced PWPT time before the first match (56.8 ± 2.0 vs. 52.9 ± 1.8 s; p < .05). The moderate dose of caffeine did not affect PWPT performance during the tournament. Both, the repeated dose and the selective administration of caffeine reduced PWPT time with respect to the placebo in the third (66.7 ± 1.8 vs. 63.1 ± 1.4 s; p < .05) and fourth matches (72.3 ± 2.4 vs. 65.9 ± 1.3 s; p < .05). However, only the selective dose of caffeine reduced PWPT time before the fifth match (62.7 ± 3.0 vs. 56.3 ± 2.0; p < .05). The dosage and administration of caffeine affect the ergogenic effects obtained following the ingestion of this substance. An individualized protocol to provide caffeine when physical performance is expected to be reduced might improve wrestling performance during the latter stages of a tournament.
Iatrogenic Symmastia: Causes and Suggested Repair Technique
Authors: Kalaria Shana S , Henderson Joshua , Moliver Clayton L 
Published: October 2018

AbstractBackgroundVarious theories exist to explain the etiology of iatrogenic symmastia. Subglandular over-dissection of the medial breast pocket over the sternum, disruption of midline sternal fascia, oversized implant base diameter, and over-dissection of the medial pectoralis muscle attachments to the sternum are popular explanations.ObjectivesThe authors hypothesized that the most common risk factor for iatrogenic symmastia is subpectoral breast augmentation.MethodsA retrospective chart review was conducted including all symmastia patients who underwent surgery from January 2008 to April 2018 by a single surgeon (C.L.M.). ASAPS members were also surveyed regarding the etiology and incidence of symmastia in their practice.ResultsTwenty-three patients with symmastia were included in the retrospective chart review. All had previous subpectoral breast augmentation. In the ASAPS survey, 91 plastic surgeons reported seeing an average of 2.2 consults for acquired symmastia over the preceding year; 1.9 of the 2.2 (84.9%) acquired symmastia consults previously underwent subpectoral breast augmentation. Most surgeons attributed these patients’ symmastia to over-dissection of the medial pectoralis muscle attachments to the sternum.ConclusionsSymmastia is most often caused by pectoralis major sternal dehiscence during subpectoral breast augmentation. In the senior author’s experience, all patients with iatrogenic symmastia previously had a submuscular breast augmentation. The ASAPS survey supports multiple causes for symmastia with retromuscular breast augmentation occurring in the majority of patients. Repair of symmastia should include securing Scarpa’s fascia to the sternum, reattaching the pectoralis major to the sternum, avoiding another subpectoral implant, and using postoperative modalities to protect the repair.Level of Evidence: 4
Different Decision-Making Responses Occupy Different Brain Networks for Information Processing: A Study Based on EEG and TMS
Authors: Si Yajing , Wu Xi , Li Fali , Zhang Luyan , Duan Keyi , Li Peiyang , Song Limeng , Jiang Yuanling , Zhang Tao , Zhang Yangsong , Chen Jing , Gao Shan , Biswal Bharat , Yao Dezhong , Xu Peng 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
This study used large-scale time-varying network analysis to reveal the diverse network patterns during the different decision stages and found that the responses of rejection and acceptance involved different network structures. When participants accept unfair offers, the brain recruits a more bottom-up mechanism with a much stronger information flow from the visual cortex (O2) to the frontal area, but when they reject unfair offers, it displayed a more top-down flow derived from the frontal cortex (Fz) to the parietal and occipital cortices. Furthermore, we performed 2 additional studies to validate the above network models: one was to identify the 2 responses based on the out-degree information of network hub nodes, which results in 70% accuracy, and the other utilized theta burst stimulation (TBS) of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to modulate the frontal area before the decision-making tasks. We found that the intermittent TBS group demonstrated lower acceptance rates and that the continuous TBS group showed higher acceptance rates compared with the sham group. Similar effects were not observed after TBS of a control site. These results suggest that the revealed decision-making network model can serve as a potential intervention model to alter decision responses.
Sex, size, and prey caloric value affect diet specialization and consumption of an invasive prey by a native predator
Authors: Hostert Lauren E , Pintor Lauren M , Byers James E 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Escaping the control of natural enemies is thought to heavily influence the establishment success and impact of non-native species. Here, we examined how the profitability of alternative prey in combination with the presence of a competitor and predator aggressive behavior explain individual differences in diet specialization and the consumption of the invasive green porcelain crab Petrolisthes armatus by the native mud crab predator Panopeus herbstii. Results from bomb calorimetry estimates show that invasive P. armatus has high caloric value relative to alternative native prey. Laboratory assays indicated that specialization and consumption of invasive P. armatus was mostly exhibited by large, female P. herbstii, but the presence of a competitor and predator aggressiveness did not influence diet and the consumption of P. armatus. Thus, intrinsic factors (e.g., sex and body size) seem to explain consumption of P. armatus and dietary specialization in P. herbstii, more generally. Although there are still many predator individuals that do not consume P. armatus, the proportion of individuals that have begun to specialize on P. armatus suggests that for some, it has become more profitable relative to alternative native prey. Given the high caloric value of P. armatus, we suggest that it is likely that differences in the cost of its consumption, including attack, capture, and handling times relative to alternative prey, determine its net profitability to individual predators.
The unique mechanism of functional mitral regurgitation in acute myocardial infarction: a prospective dynamic 4D quantitative echocardiographic study
Authors: Kimura Toshiyuki , Roger Véronique L , Watanabe Nozomi , Barros-Gomes Sergio , Topilsky Yan , Nishino Shun , Shibata Yoshisato , Enriquez-Sarano Maurice 
Published: October 2018

AbstractAimsMechanisms of chronic ischaemic mitral regurgitation (IMR) are well-characterized by apically tethered leaflet caused by papillary muscles (PMs) displacement and adynamic mitral apparatus. We investigated the unique geometry and dynamics of the mitral apparatus in first acute myocardial infarction (MI) by using quantified 3D echocardiography.Methods and resultsWe prospectively performed 3D echocardiography 2.3 ± 1.8 days after first MI, in 174 matched patients with (n = 87) and without IMR (n = 87). 3D echocardiography of left ventricular (LV) volumes and of mitral apparatus dynamics throughout cardiac cycle was quantified. Similar mitral quantification was obtained at chronic post-MI stage (n = 44). Mechanistically, acute IMR was associated with larger and flatter annulus (area 9.29 ± 1.74 cm2 vs. 8.57 ± 1.94 cm2, P = 0.002, saddle shape 12.7 ± 4.5% vs. 15.0 ± 4.6%, P = 0.001), and larger tenting (length 6.36 ± 1.78 mm vs. 5.60 ± 1.55 mm, P = 0.003) but vs. chronic MI, mitral apparatus displayed smaller alterations (all P < 0.01) and annular size, PM movement remained dynamic (all P < 0.01). Specific to acute IMR, without PM apical displacement (P > 0.70), greater separation (21.7 ± 4.9 mm vs. 20.0 ± 3.4 mm, P = 0.01), and widest angulation of PM (38.4 ± 6.2° for moderate vs. 33.5 ± 7.3° for mild vs. 31.4 ± 6.3° for no-IMR, P = 0.0009) wider vs. chronic MI (P < 0.01).Conclusions3D echocardiography of patients with first MI provides insights into unique 4D dynamics of the mitral apparatus in acute IMR. Mitral apparatus remained dynamic in acute MI and distinct IMR mechanism in acute MI is not PM displacement seen in chronic IMR but separation and excess angulation of PM deforming the mitral valve, probably because of sudden-onset regional wall motion abnormality without apparent global LV remodelling. This specific mechanism should be considered in novel therapeutic strategies for IMR complicating acute MI.