bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
‘I love my class family’: Writing Realities and Relational Pedagogies
Authors: Laman Tasha Tropp , Flint Amy Seely , Rossi Reanne , Jaggers Wanda 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAsset‐based and relational pedagogies highlight the centrality of meaningful relationships and authenticity in teaching and learning. Foregrounding children's lived experiences, interests, and ways of knowing provides a focus for teachers to be responsive, both relationally and pedagogically. Writing workshop, as conceived in the 1980's by Donald Graves and Lucy Calkins, is a longstanding curricular structure that encourages young writers to engage with multiple tools and resources, including peers, as they compose. Through writing conferences and authors’ chairs, young writers attend to the practice of composing on paper/screen as well as how their message may be received. This study analyzes children's writing samples to underscore the presence of (a) writing identity, (b) critical literacy, (c) culturally sustaining pedagogy, (d) translanguaging, and (e) intertextuality. Chilldren's interactions with tools, peers, and others provide fertile ground for understanding the critical role of a humanizing and relational approach to teaching and learning. The following questions guide this study: (1) How is a writing realities framework reflected in young children's compositions? (2) What do children's writing artifacts reveal about relationality?
Stable isotope ratios indicate trophic niche overlap in three sympatric delphinid species in the Eastern Ionian Sea
Authors: Borrell Asunción , Tort Beatriu , Garcia‐Garin Odei , Genov Tilen , Gonzalvo Joan 
Published: October 2024

AbstractStudying the sympatric ecology of closely related marine top predator species is of interest both from an ecological and conservation standpoint, because it provides insights into ecosystem functioning, how such species avoid competitive exclusion, and how human stressors may impact these patterns. In this study, we examine the isotopic niche of three sympatric dolphin species that inhabit the eastern Ionian Sea: the common dolphin (Delphinus delphis), the striped dolphin (Stenella coeruleoalba), and the common bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus). We used carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur isotope ratios to construct three‐dimensional isotope niches and calculate niche sizes and their overlaps among the three species to study interspecific competition for resources. Common dolphin niche overlapped with that of the striped dolphin by 77%, suggesting potential resource competition between these two species. The niche overlap between striped/common dolphins and bottlenose dolphins was much lower (47%). Large differences in isotopic ratios were found between the bottlenose dolphins of the Ionian Sea and those of a largely isolated population in the adjacent semienclosed Gulf of Ambracia, further corroborating the previously documented isolation between the two populations.
The perception and evolution of flagellin, cold shock protein and elongation factor Tu from vector‐borne bacterial plant pathogens
Authors: Trinh Jessica , Tran Megann , Coaker Gitta 
Published: October 2024

AbstractVector‐borne bacterial pathogens cause devastating plant diseases that cost billions of dollars in crop losses worldwide. These pathogens have evolved to be host‐ and vector‐dependent, resulting in a reduced genome size compared to their free‐living relatives. All known vector‐borne bacterial plant pathogens belong to four different genera: ‘Candidatus Liberibacter’, ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma’, Spiroplasma and Xylella. To protect themselves against pathogens, plants have evolved pattern recognition receptors that can detect conserved pathogen features as non‐self and mount an immune response. To gain an understanding of how vector‐borne pathogen features are perceived in plants, we investigated three proteinaceous features derived from cold shock protein (csp22), flagellin (flg22) and elongation factor Tu (elf18) from vector‐borne bacterial pathogens as well as their closest free‐living relatives. In general, vector‐borne pathogens have fewer copies of genes encoding flagellin and cold shock protein compared to their closest free‐living relatives. Furthermore, epitopes from vector‐borne pathogens were less likely to be immunogenic compared to their free‐living counterparts. Most Liberibacter csp22 and elf18 epitopes do not trigger plant immune responses in tomato or Arabidopsis. Interestingly, csp22 from the citrus pathogen ‘Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus’ triggers immune responses in solanaceous plants, while csp22 from the solanaceous pathogen ‘Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum’ does not. Our findings suggest that vector‐borne plant pathogenic bacteria evolved to evade host recognition.
Tropicoporus tropicalis: A Newly Recognised Pathogen in Eumycetoma and Refractory Mycoses in Humans
Authors: Rattananukrom Teerapong , Arenas Roberto , Aquino Caren J. , Martínez‐Hernandez Fernando , Hernandez‐Castro Rigoberto 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTTropicoporus tropicalis (formerly Phellinus tropicalis) is a saprophytic basidiomycete that has been implicated in refractory mycoses in humans, particularly in patients with chronic granulomatous disease. Despite its clinical significance, T. tropicalis is an under‐recognised cause of eumycetoma, with no prior reports available. We present a case of white grain eumycetoma with associated osteomyelitis of the left foot, caused by T. tropicalis, confirmed through 18S‐ITS1‐5.8S‐ITS2‐28S rRNA gene amplification and sequencing. The patient was treated with itraconazole 200 mg daily, leading to gradual improvement. A review of the literature on T. tropicalis infections in humans reveals its characteristic manifestations, which include osteomyelitis, soft tissue abscesses, pulmonary nodules and keratitis. These infections are locally destructive but have the potential to disseminate. Diagnosis is often delayed and relies on molecular techniques. Amphotericin B combined with an azole appears to be the most effective treatment, often necessitating concurrent surgical drainage. In conclusion, T. tropicalis is a newly recognised pathogen associated with eumycetoma and poses an increased risk of osteomyelitis. Molecular identification, such as sequencing the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region from cultures or tissue specimens, is crucial for accurate identification of this pathogen.
Early prediction of sepsis in emergency department patients using various methods and scoring systems
Authors: Song Yun‐Feng , Huang Hao‐Neng , Ma Jia‐Jun , Xing Rui , Song Yu‐Qi , Li Li , Zhou Jin , Ou Chun‐Quan 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundEarly recognition of sepsis, a common life‐threatening condition in intensive care units (ICUs), is beneficial for improving patient outcomes. However, most sepsis prediction models were trained and assessed in the ICU, which might not apply to emergency department (ED) settings.AimsTo establish an early predictive model based on basic but essential information collected upon ED presentation for the follow‐up diagnosis of sepsis observed in the ICU.Study DesignThis study developed and validated a reliable model of sepsis prediction among ED patients by comparing 10 different methods based on retrospective electronic health record data from the MIMIC‐IV database. In‐ICU sepsis was identified as the primary outcome. The potential predictors encompassed baseline demographics, vital signs, pain scale, chief complaints and Emergency Severity Index (ESI). 80% and 20% of the total of 425 737 ED visit records were randomly selected for the train set and the test set for model development and validation, respectively.ResultsAmong the methods evaluated, XGBoost demonstrated an optimal predictive performance with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.90 (95% CI: 0.90–0.91). Logistic regression exhibited a comparable predictive ability to XGBoost, with an AUC of 0.89 (95% CI: 0.89–0.90), along with a sensitivity and specificity of 85% (95% CI: 0.83–0.86) and 78% (95% CI: 0.77–0.80), respectively. Neither of the five commonly used severity scoring systems demonstrated satisfactory performance for sepsis prediction. The predictive ability of using ESI as the sole predictor (AUC: 0.79, 95% CI: 0.78–0.80) was also inferior to the model integrating ESI and other basic information.ConclusionsThe use of ESI combined with basic clinical information upon ED presentation accurately predicted sepsis among ED patients, strengthening its application in ED.Relevance to Clinical PracticeThe proposed model may assist nurses in risk stratification management and prioritize interventions for potential sepsis patients, even in low‐resource settings.
Fast dehydration reduces bundle sheath conductance in C4 maize and sorghum
Authors: Bellasio Chandra , Stuart‐Williams Hilary , Farquhar Graham D. , Flexas Jaume 
Published: October 2024

Summary
In the face of anthropogenic warming, drought poses an escalating threat to food production. C4 plants offer promise in addressing this threat. C4 leaves operate a biochemical CO2 concentrating mechanism that exchanges metabolites between two partially isolated compartments (mesophyll and bundle sheath), which confers high‐productivity potential in hot climates boosting water use efficiency. However, when C4 leaves experience dehydration, photosynthesis plummets. This paper explores the physiological mechanisms behind this decline.
In a fast dehydration experiment, we measured the fluxes and isotopic composition of water and CO2 in the gas exchanged by leaves, and we interpreted results using a novel biochemical model and analysis of elasticity.
Our findings show that, while CO2 supply to the mesophyll and to the bundle sheath persisted during dehydration, there was a decrease in CO2 conductance at the bundle sheath‐mesophyll interface.
We interpret this as causing a slowdown of intercellular metabolite exchange – an essential feature of C4 photosynthesis. This would impede the supply of reducing power to the bundle sheath, leading to phosphoglycerate accumulation and feedback inhibition of Rubisco carboxylation. The interplay between this rapid sensitivity and the effectiveness of coping strategies that C4 plants deploy may be an overlooked driver of their competitive performance.
ZmKTF1 promotes salt tolerance by mediating RNA‐directed DNA methylation in maize
Authors: Wang Jinyu , Zheng Leiming , Peng Yexiang , Lu Zizheng , Zheng Minghui , Wang Zi , Liu Juan , He Yan , Luo Jinhong 
Published: October 2024

Summary
The epigenetic process of RNA‐directed DNA methylation (RdDM) regulates the expression of genes and transposons. However, little is known about the involvement of RdDM in the response of maize (Zea mays) to salt stress.
Here, we isolated a salt‐sensitive maize mutant and cloned the underlying gene, which encodes KOW DOMAIN‐CONTAINING TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR1 (KTF1), an essential component of the RdDM pathway. Evolutionary analysis identified two homologs of KTF1 (ZmKTF1A and ZmKTF1B) with highly similar expression patterns.
Whole‐genome bisulfite sequencing revealed that mutations in ZmKTF1 substantially decrease genome‐wide CHH (H = A, C, or T) methylation levels. Moreover, our findings suggest that ZmKTF1‐mediated DNA methylation regulates the expression of multiple key genes involved in oxidoreductase activity upon exposure to salt, concomitant with increased levels of reactive oxygen species. In addition, insertion–deletion mutations (InDels) in the promoter of ZmKTF1 affect its expression, thereby altering Na+ concentrations in seedlings in a natural maize population. Therefore, ZmKTF1 might represent an untapped epigenetic resource for improving salt tolerance in maize.
Overall, our work demonstrates the critical role of ZmKTF1 involved in the RdDM pathway in maize salt tolerance.
Development and Validation of Machine Learning Models for Predicting Tumor Progression in OSCC
Authors: Mei Xueying , Luo Wenhao , Duan Wan , Guo Zhuming , Lao Xiaomei , Zhang Sien , Yang Le , Zeng Bin , Gong Jianbin , Deng Wei , Liao Guiqing , Liang Yujie 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTObjectivesDevelopment of a prediction model using machine learning (ML) method for tumor progression in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) patients would provide risk estimation for individual patient outcomes.Patients and MethodsThis predictive modeling study was conducted of 1163 patients with OSCC from Hospital of Stomatology, SYSU and SYSU Cancer Center from March 2009 to October 2021. Clinical, pathological, and hematological features of the patients were collected. Six ML algorithms were explored, and model performance was assessed by accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, f1 score, and AUC. SHAP values were used to identify the variables with the greatest contribution to the model.ResultsAmong the 1163 patients (mean [SD] age, 55.36 [12.91] years), 563 are from development cohort and 600 are from validation cohort. The Logistic Regression algorithm outperformed all other models, with a sensitivity of 94.7% (68.2%), a specificity of 55.3% (63.7%), and the AUC of 0.76 ± 0.09 (0.723) in the development (validation) cohort. The most predictive feature was neutrophil count.ConclusionThis study demonstrated ML models can improve clinical prediction of oral squamous cell carcinoma progression through basic information of patients. These tools could be used to provide individual risk estimation and may help direct intervention.
Early visual modulation and selection predict saccadic timing during visual search: An ERP study
Authors: Ringer Ryan V. , Leonard Carly J. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractSaccadic eye movements, a critical aspect of real‐world visual behavior, are preceded by an initial accumulation of visual information followed by the selection of a single location to move one's eyes. However, it is currently unclear how each of these stages uniquely affects saccadic timing. In this study, participants searched for a contour integration target while EEG was used to measure posterior cortical activity between search display onset and first saccade initiation. The goal was to determine whether saccade timing could be attributed to differences in early ERP amplitudes, with the P1 reflecting the magnitude of early perceptual information accumulation and the N1 reflecting the strength of selection leading to the saccadic decision. EOG was used to measure saccade timing, and trials were divided into fast, middle, and slow bins. The N1 response was smallest in the slow saccade tertile, relative to both the fast and middle tertiles, suggesting weak selection. In contrast, the P1 response was largest for this same slow saccadic tertile relative to the middle saccadic tertile, suggesting vigorous information accumulation. Therefore, delays in saccadic behavior may occur when the visual system is overwhelmed with visual input, thus increasing the time to reach a saccadic decision. These findings reconcile models of eye movement behavior which often prioritize either the impact of information accrual or selection, rather than regarding both as an integrated whole.
Real Time, Simulated Time and Two Types of Time Travel
Authors: Arvan Marcus 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThis article argues that the possibility that we live in a computer simulation has important implications for the philosophy of time and time travel. Section 2 distinguishes real time from simulated time. Section 3 argues that whatever is true of real time, simulated time realises a functional analogue within real time to versions of presentism in which features of the present play the role of an uninstantiated past and future. Section 4 then argues that whereas real time travel paradoxes depend upon the ultimate nature of ‘base‐reality’ and consistency with observed physics, the possibility of simulated time travel depends instead on a simulation's code, which may allow seemingly ‘miraculous’ exceptions to ‘physical laws’. Finally, Section 5 concludes that if miraculous forms of time travel are discovered, this may provide evidence by inference to the best explanation that we live in a simulation.
How Does Tax Avoidance Affect a Firm's Investment Inefficiency in Taiwan's Semiconductor Industry?
Authors: Huang Jr‐Tsung , Kuo Po‐Sheng 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThis study examines an important issue regarding how tax avoidance affects a firm's investment inefficiency in Taiwan's semiconductor industry. In addition, the dynamic effect of a firm's investment inefficiency and spillover effect of investment inefficiency from competitors are also explored. This study adopts 44 listed firms from 2013 to 2021 and constructs the “competitor‐dependence matrix” to replace the “spatial‐dependence matrix” in the dynamic spatial autoregressive model. According to the difference generalized method of moments estimation, the primary finding of this study is that the tax avoidance has a statistically and significantly positive effect on a firm's investment inefficiency while it is overinvestment, but a negative effect while it is underinvestment. Moreover, the dynamic effect is statistically insignificant, but the spillover effect is statistically and significantly negative.
Periodontal treatment needs in children and adolescents with inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Zellos Aglaia , Koutsochristou Vassiliki , Dimakou Konstantina , Panayotou Ioanna , Siahanidou Sultana , Roma‐Giannikou Eleftheria , Tsami Alexandra 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundIncreased incidence of periodontal disease is described in adult patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), implicating similarities in gut immunopathogenesis and periodontitis.AimEvaluation of periodontal status and treatment needs of children with IBD in remission, according to disease phenotype, sex, age, and oral hygiene status, and compare them to age‐matched healthy population of a dental practice.MethodsFifty‐five children with IBD (mean age 12.27 ± 3.67 years) and 55 matched healthy controls of a dental practice (mean age 12.21 ± 3.96 years) were assessed with the simplified gingival index (GI‐S) and the plaque control record (PCR) index and the community periodontal index of treatment needs (CPITNs). A dental questionnaire on therapy, oral hygiene, gum bleeding, and dental attendance was completed by participants.ResultsChildren with IBD in remission had higher gingival inflammation and periodontal treatment needs compared to controls. In patients with IBD, the CPITN was higher in older compared to younger children (59.37% vs. 47.83%) and in boys compared to girls (65% vs. 46.67%). Among controls, CPITN was also higher in older children (21.88% vs. 4.34%) and in boys (16% vs. 13.33%).ConclusionOlder children and boys with IBD have more periodontal treatment needs, compared to controls, despite similar oral hygiene.
Delegitimizing protest: Psychology's omissions and commissions
Authors: Porter‐Cash Aiyana L. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractPsychological research has failed to take accountability for the ways it has aligned with State interests, at the expense of solidarity with Black people protesting the criminal legal system and pursuing liberation in the U.S. Through a case study analysis of six psychological research articles, ranging from 1968 to 2022, this paper tracks evidence of psychology's alignment with the State's interests. Evidence emerges in clinical disease(s) assigned to enslaved and incarcerated Black people (drapetomania, protest psychosis) and in empirical assumptions and (il)logics binding research methods and analyses. While theoretical and methodological frameworks, language (“patients,” “rioters,” “ghetto residents,” “minority group members”) and levels of analysis (psyche, personality, social, community, identity, movement) evolve over time and across subdisciplines, racialized carceral ideologies persist across psychological research approaches. By tracing carceral footprints across this vast psychological literature, this analysis reveals how traditional empirical research weaponized pathologizing and criminalizing accounts to delegitimize Black protests of State violence from the Civil Rights Movement to the Movement for Black Lives and beyond.
COVID‐19 Labor Market Protection and Support for the Welfare State: Job Retention Versus Job Loss in Four European Countries
Authors: Zola Andrew , Naumann Elias , Marzec Piotr 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThe COVID‐19 pandemic presents a natural setting to study how labor market protection policies may influence welfare attitudes because while lockdowns and economic recession threatened millions of jobs, job retention schemes shielded many workers from unemployment. We investigate support for unemployment protection and the unemployed among people active in the labor force and participating in the Mannheim Corona Study in Germany, Coping with COVID‐19 in France, ResPOnsE in Italy, and the British Social Attitudes survey in Great Britain. Two‐way fixed effects analyses on the German data show that there was a general increase in respondents' support over the onset of the pandemic and that while job loss significantly boosted support, there was little attitudinal difference between those who experienced job retention and those who continued working. We confirm these patterns with cross‐sectional analyses in all four countries, providing comparative insight into attitudes across the largest European economies. Unemployment is materially similar to job retention, but because it is associated with higher support, we contend that nonmaterial factors such as risk perceptions may be consequential in influencing preference changes when individuals lose their jobs.
Education researchers as negotiators: Leveraging expertise across teachers and scientists to implement authentic data investigations in grade 7–12 classrooms
Authors: Peterson Franziska , Siddons Christina , Toolin Regina , Van Der Eb Marina , Davis Kelsey E. , Lindsay Sara M. , McKay Susan R. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIncorporating authentic research skills and practices into K‐12 science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) instruction is a challenging yet crucial approach for introducing students to authentic science inquiry. While recommendations for emphasizing data literacy and quantitative reasoning in science classroom contexts are well‐established, implementation remains challenging. Over the span of 4 years (2019–2023), a multi‐institution team of teachers, education researchers, and forest scientists established a partnership with the overarching goal of integrating authentic forest research and data into middle and high school classrooms. The education researchers played a critical role in facilitating effective scientist and teacher interactions while addressing classroom implementation challenges. Importantly, the effectiveness and mutual benefits of the research partnership were greatly influenced by specific practices implemented by the education research team, and the assumption of different collaborative roles by all stakeholders involved. In this study, we examine these roles, relationships, and interactions of all stakeholders in the partnership, with “stakeholder” referring to participating teachers, education researchers, and collaborating forest scientists.