bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dental pulp-derived stem cells can counterbalance peripheral nerve injury-induced oxidative stress and supraspinal neuro-inflammation in rat brain
Authors: Ullah Imran , Choe Yong-ho , Khan Mehtab , Bharti Dinesh , Shivakumar Sharath Belame , Lee Hyeon-Jeong , Son Young-Bum , Shin Yurianna , Lee Sung-Lim , Park Bong-Wook , Ock Sun-A , Rho Gyu-Jin 
Published: October 2018

AbstractPreviously, we reported the successful regeneration of injured peripheral nerves using human dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) or differentiated neuronal cells from DPSCs (DF-DPSCs) in a rat model. Here, we attempted to evaluate oxidative stress and supraspinal neuro-inflammation in rat brain after sciatic nerve injury (SNI). We divided our experimental animals into three SNI groups based on time. The expression of a microglial (Iba1) marker and reactive oxygen species (ROS) was lower in DPSCs and higher in DF-DPSCs. In contrast, the expression of an astroglial (GFAP) marker was higher in DPSCs and lower in DF-DPSCs at 2 weeks. However, the expression of ROS, Iba1 and GFAP gradually decreased at 8 and 12 weeks in the SNI DPSCs and DF-DPSCs groups compared to the SNI control. Furthermore, anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-4 and TGF-β) expression was lower at 2 weeks, while it gradually increased at 8 and 12 weeks after surgery in the SNI DPSCs and DF-DPSCs groups. Similarly, SNI DPSCs had a high expression of pAMPK, SIRT1 and NFkB at the onset of SNI. However, 12 weeks after surgery, pAMPK and SIRT1 expression levels were higher and NFkB was down-regulated in both DPSCs and DF-DPSCs compared to the control group. Finally, we concluded that DPSCs responded early and more efficiently than DF-DPSCs to counterbalance peripheral nerve injury (PNI)-induced oxidative stress and supraspinal neuro-inflammation in rat brain.
Prediction of potential disease-associated microRNAs by composite network based inference
Authors: He Bin-Sheng , Qu Jia , Chen Min 
Published: October 2018

AbstractMicroRNAs (miRNAs) act a significant role in multiple biological processes and their associations with the development of all kinds of complex diseases are much close. In the research area of biology, medicine, and bioinformatics, prediction of potential miRNA-disease associations (MDAs) on the base of a variety of heterogeneous biological datasets in a short time is an important subject. Therefore, we proposed the model of Composite Network based inference for MiRNA-Disease Association prediction (CNMDA) through applying random walk to a multi-level composite network constructed by heterogeneous dataset of disease, long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) and miRNA. The results showed that CNMDA achieved an AUC of 0.8547 in leave-one-out cross validation and an AUC of 0.8533+/−0.0009 in 5-fold cross validation. In addition, we employed CNMDA to infer novel miRNAs for kidney neoplasms, breast neoplasms and lung neoplasms on the base of HMDD v2.0. Also, we employed the approach for lung neoplasms on the base of HMDD v1.0 and for breast neoplasms that have no known related miRNAs. It was found that CNMDA could be seen as an applicable tool for potential MDAs prediction.
The 3D architecture of a bacterial swarm has implications for antibiotic tolerance
Authors: Partridge Jonathan D. , Ariel Gil , Schvartz Orly , Harshey Rasika M. , Be’er Avraham 
Published: October 2018

AbstractSwarming bacteria are an example of a complex, active biological system, where high cell density and super-diffusive cell mobility confer survival advantages to the group as a whole. Previous studies on the dynamics of the swarm have been limited to easily observable regions at the advancing edge of the swarm where cells are restricted to a plane. In this study, using defocused epifluorescence video imaging, we have tracked the motion of fluorescently labeled individuals within the interior of a densely packed three-dimensional (3D) region of a swarm. Our analysis reveals a novel 3D architecture, where bacteria are constrained by inter-particle interactions, sandwiched between two distinct boundary conditions. We find that secreted biosurfactants keep bacteria away from the swarm-air upper boundary, and added antibiotics at the lower swarm-surface boundary lead to their migration away from this boundary. Formation of the antibiotic-avoidance zone is dependent on a functional chemotaxis signaling system, in the absence of which the swarm loses its high tolerance to the antibiotics.
Clogging and jamming of colloidal monolayers driven across disordered landscapes
Authors: Stoop Ralph L. , Tierno Pietro 
Published: October 2018

AbstractUnderstanding microscale transport across heterogeneous landscapes is relevant for many phenomena in condensed matter physics, from pinning of vortices in dirty superconductors, to electrons on liquid helium, skyrmions, and active matter. Here, we experimentally investigate the clogging and jamming of field tunable interacting colloids driven through a quenched disordered landscape of fixed obstacles. We focus on the emergent phenomenon of clogging, that has been the matter of much investigation at the level of a single aperture in macroscopic and granular systems. With our colloidal system, we find that quenched disorder significantly alters the particle flow, and we provide the experimental observation of the “Faster is Slower” effect with quenched disorder, that occurs when increasing the particle speed. Further, we show that clogging events may be controlled by tuning the pair interactions during transport, such that the colloidal flow decreases for repulsive interactions, but it increases for anisotropic attraction.
FEM-BEM Coupling for Electromagnetism with the Sparse Cardinal Sine Decomposition,
Authors: Alouges Francois , Aussal Matthieu , Parolin Emile 
Published: October 2018

This paper presents a FEM-BEM coupling method suitable for the numerical simulation of the electromagnetic scattering of objects composed of dielectric materials and perfect electric conduc- tors. The originality of the approach lies in part in the use of the newly proposed Sparse Cardinal Sine Decomposition SCSD) method for the BEM part of the computation and the fact that the simulation software is almost entirely written in MATLAB.
The performance of the method is illustrated by the computation of the electromagnetic scattering by an UAV-like object with two RAM regions proposed in the workshop ISAE EM 2016.
Ambulante Cochlea-Implantation: was führt zur stationären Aufnahme?
Authors: Issing Peter R. 
Published: October 2018

Patel TA et al. Clinical Indicators of Admission for Pediatric Cochlear Implant Procedures. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 2018; 127: 470–474
Eine ambulante Cochlea-Implantation bei Kindern gilt als sicher. Allerdings wird eine Minderheit über Nacht stationär aufgenommen. In Studien wird nahezu
ausschließlich über postoperative Komplikationen und Behandlungsergebnisse und kaum über prognostische Indikatoren des Outcomes berichtet. Daher suchten
amerikanische HNO-Ärzte nach Parametern, die mit der stationären Aufnahme korrelieren und prüften die Auswirkungen auf das klinische Ergebnis.
Diagnostik und operative Therapie der Otosklerose
Authors: Plontke Stefan K. , Metasch Marie-Luise , Zirkler Jonas , Zahnert Thomas 
Published: October 2018

ZusammenfassungFür die – oft in Diagnostik und Therapie anspruchsvolle – Otosklerose kann bei richtiger Diagnosestellung eine operative oder apparative Hörrehabilitation mit
sehr hohen Erfolgschancen in Aussicht gestellt werden. Der erste Teil des Fortbildungsbeitrags umfasste Grundlagen, Diagnostik und Differenzialdiagnostik, im
zweiten Teil soll auf therapeutische Aspekte und Nachsorge eingegangen werden.
Bessere Lifebalance durch Bildung
Authors: Hasebrook Joachim , Hingst Peter , Hoffmann Wolfgang , Hahnenkamp Klaus 
Published: October 2018

ZusammenfassungSeit Jahren gibt es eine deutliche Tendenz im OP: mehr Fälle, mehr Arbeit, weniger Personal, schlechte Bezahlung, kaum Aufstiegschancen. Haben Sie sich deshalb
auch schon mal gefragt, warum Sie eigentlich tagtäglich am OP-Tisch stehen? Unsere Autoren zeigen auf, welche neuen Modelle in der Pflegebildung erforderlich
sind, um für zukünftige Anforderungen gerüstet zu sein, die Arbeitsbedingungen zu verbessern und so die Lifebalance zu steigern.
Anmerkungen zur Minimal-invasiven Otoplastik (MIO)
Authors: Benedict Martin 
Published: October 2018

ZusammenfassungDie minimal-invasive Otoplastik (MIO) ist nach unseren inzwischen sehr umfangreichen Erfahrungen eine zuverlässige Technik zur Korrektur abstehender Ohren. Sie
bringt bei richtiger Indikation ästhetisch ansprechende natürliche und dauerhafte Ergebnisse. Die Grenzen der minimalinvasiven Technik müssen allerdings erkannt
und berücksichtigt werden. Neue Instrumente erleichtern den Eingriff und verringern Komplikationsraten. V. a. Keloide und große hypertrophe Narben infolge
ausgedehnter Hautinzisionen und -resektionen auf der Ohrmuschelrückseite sind mit der MIO fast ausgeschlossen.Wir stellen unser über zwei Jahrzehnte gewachsenes operatives Konzept vor.
Gestational Diabetes – Major New Clinically Relevant Aspects
Authors: Schäfer-Graf Ute 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe implementation of screening for gestational diabetes (GDM) in the German Prenatal Care guidelines of 2012 and the publication of numerous new studies have led to clinically relevant changes in the care of pregnant women with GDM to whom consideration was given in the new S3 Guideline on the Diagnosis, Management and Follow-up of Gestational Diabetes (AWMF 057/008) published in March this year. Certain aspects are addressed and discussed on the basis of additional background information.
Phantom Nodules Detected by Ultrasound Examination of the Neck: The Possibility of Ectopic Cervical Thymic Tissue in Adults
Authors: Ota Hisashi , Hirokawa Mitsuyoshi , Suzuki Ayana , Oshita Maki , Ito Aki , Fukushima Mitsuhiro , Kobayashi Kaoru , Miyauchi Akira 
Published: October 2018

Abstract The aim of this study was to investigate the ultrasound characteristics and clinical significance of slightly hyperechoic lesions, referred to as phantom nodules, in the perithyroidal area in patients. A total of 128 patients who underwent thyroidectomy with central neck lymph node dissection at Kuma Hospital in Hyogo, Japan were included in the study. We detected 16 phantom nodules during preoperative ultrasound examinations, defined as slightly hyperechoic masses located in the perithyroidal areas, in 13 of these 128 patients (10.2%; mean age: 55.6 years, range: 36–75 years).All phantom nodules were located in the caudal region of the thyroid gland, and the mean maximum dimension was 7.2 mm. 12 of the 16 nodules were round or oval, while the remaining 4 were fusiform and molded by the surrounding tissue. All nodules were well-defined, solid, homogeneous, hyperechoic masses. No speckled echo pattern, internal linear echo, or vascular flow signal was observed. All 4 nodules subjected to histological examination were composed of ectopic thymic tissue. In 2 of these 4, the parenchyma was severely involuted and almost entirely replaced by adipose tissue.
To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report wherein some of the detected hyperechoic perithyroidal masses were composed of ectopic thymic tissue, and some were primarily composed of adipose tissue that completely replaced involuted ectopic thymic tissue. The results of the study suggest that these so-called phantom nodules are clinically insignificant and do not require fine needle aspiration cytology or further investigation.
Performance measures for ERCP and endoscopic ultrasound: a European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) Quality Improvement Initiative
Authors: Domagk Dirk , Oppong Kofi W. , Aabakken Lars , Czakó Laszlo , Gyökeres Tibor , Manes Gianpiero , Meier Peter , Poley Jan-Werner , Ponchon Thierry , Tringali Andrea , Bellisario Cristina , Minozzi Silvia , Senore Carlo , Bennett Cathy , Bretthauer Michael , Hassan Cesare , Kaminski Michal F. , Dinis-Ribeiro Mario , Rees Colin J. , Spada Cristiano , Valori Roland , Bisschops Raf , Rutter Matthew D. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy and United European Gastroenterology present a short list of key performance measures for endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). We recommend that endoscopy services across Europe adopt the following seven key and one minor performance measures for EUS and ERCP, for measurement and evaluation in daily practice at center and endoscopist level:
1 Adequate antibiotic prophylaxis before ERCP (key performance measure, at least 90 %); 2 Antibiotic prophylaxis before EUS-guided puncture of cystic lesions (key performance measure, at least 95 %); 3 Bile duct cannulation rate (key performance measure, at least 90 %); 4 Tissue sampling during EUS (key performance measure, at least 85 %); 5 Appropriate stent placement in patients with biliary obstruction below the hilum (key performance measure, at least 95 %); 6 Bile duct stone extraction (key performance measure, at least 90 %); 7 Post-ERCP pancreatitis (key performance measure, less than 10 %). 8 Adequate documentation of EUS landmarks (minor performance measure, at least 90 %).This present list of quality performance measures for ERCP and EUS recommended by ESGE should not be considered to be exhaustive: it might be extended in future to address further clinical and scientific issues.
Postmortem Analysis of Vitreous Humor For Detection of Antemortem Disorders in Glucose Metabolism. An Old Method Revisited
Authors: Holstein Andreas , Titze Ulf , Hess Cornelius 
Published: October 2018

AbstractIt has been estimated that 15% up to one third of cases of deaths due to diabetic ketoacidosis occur in individuals with so far unknown diabetes. Moreover, cardiac arrhythmias that occur during nocturnal hypoglycaemia include bradycardia and ectopics that may provoke lethal arrhythmias. As postmortem capillary glucose concentrations have no diagnostic value, the postmortem forensic proof of hyperglycaemia or hypoglycaemia remains a challenge. The established but rarely applied method of postmortem determination of glucose and lactate in vitreous humor with or without calculation of the sum formula of Traub could provide reliable exclusion or proof of severe antemortem disorders in glucose metabolism. To date, diagnostic puncture of vitreous humor is more established for the postmortem detection of diabetic ketoacidosis than for the exclusion or proof of lethal hypoglycaemia. Vitreous humor is protected from postmortem degradation and contamination due to its isolated localization. The autolytic process in vitreous humor is considerably delayed compared to blood or liquor. In vitreous humor also the triggering agent of hypoglycaemia (insulin, insulin analogues) is easier to be detected than in blood since insulins are very unstable in postmortem blood. Furthermore, parameters of long term glycaemic control such as 1,5-anhydroglucitol, HbA1c and fructosamine can be determined in vitreous humor. However, limitations and interference factors of this method should be carefully considered. So far, clinical diabetology has taken no broad notice of this useful forensic procedure.
The Relationship Between Bone Mineral Density and Type 2 Diabetes in Obese Children and Adolescents at the Time of Initial Diagnosis
Authors: Lee Hae , Yoon Jong , Park Kyu , Lim Jung , Hwang Jin 
Published: October 2018

AbstractLong-term effects of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) on bone health remain unclear. The objective of this study was to assess the possible association of bone mineral density (BMD) at multiple sites with T2D after correcting for several potential confounders such as age, sex, Tanner stage, and BMI known to affect BMD in adolescents with newly developed T2D. In this cross-sectional study, 17 children and adolescents with T2D and 59 age, sex, and BMI-matched controls were included. All subjects underwent dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry to measure regional and whole-body composition with Lunar Prodigy at the time of initial diagnosis. A BMD Z-score was calculated using data from healthy Korean children and adolescents after adjusting for height-for-age. The mean age of all subjects was 12.9±2.4 years (range, 8.3–18.3 years). BMDht Z-scores for lumbar spine and total body after adjusted for age, sex, BMI SDS, and Tanner stage were not significantly different between patients and controls. However, BMDht Z-scores for femur neck and bone mineral apparent density (BMAD) Z-scores of lumbar spine were significantly lower in T2D patients than those in healthy controls. HOMA-IR or HbA1c was not associated with BMDht Z-scores at multiple sites. BMDht Z-scores at multiple sites except femur neck in adolescents with newly developed T2D were similar to those in obese controls after adjustment for potential confounders.
Elastografía hepática y otras secuencias avanzadas de RM (RM multiparamétrica)
Authors: Domínguez Andrés , Noceti Maximiliano , Fino Daniel , Ariza Pablo 
Published: October 2018

ResumenLa fibrosis es un destino donde convergen variados trastornos hepáticos. Al tratarse de un proceso dinámico y reversible, su detección temprana y una intervención terapéutica oportuna, pueden frenar su progresión. La elastografía por resonancia magnética (ERM), es un método no invasivo con notable eficacia para la valoración del grado de fibrosis hepática. La tendencia actual es combinar esa técnica con secuencias de cuantificación de lípidos y hierro, lo cual permite un abordaje multiparamétrico de los trastornos difusos del hígado.
Existence of vortices in nonlinear optics
Authors: Chen Xiao , Chen Shouxin , Wang Shu 
Published: October 2018

Optical propagation in nonlinear media and the formation of optical vortices as dark holes have been intensively studied in modern optical physics. In this paper, we prove the existence of different types of stationary vortex wave solutions of a general class for nonlinear Schrödinger equations. First, we prove the existence of positive radially symmetric solutions by solving a constrained minimization problem and give some lower estimate of the wave propagation constant. We then use a min-max technique to prove the existence of additional non-trivial solutions which arise as saddle-points of a corresponding indefinite action functional.
At the request of the Editor-in-Chief and the authors this articles has been retracted. Due to an irreparable error in the arguments, the main results are not correct.
Pervasive tertiary structure in the dengue virus RNA genome
Authors: Dethoff Elizabeth A. , Boerneke Mark A. , Gokhale Nandan S. , Muhire Brejnev M. , Martin Darren P. , Sacco Matthew T. , McFadden Michael J. , Weinstein Jules B. , Messer William B. , Horner Stacy M. , Weeks Kevin M. 
Published: October 2018

Significance
RNA viruses usurp and reprogram host cells using short RNA genomes. RNA viruses encode the information required for their replication in both their primary sequences and higher-order structures formed when the RNA genome strand folds back on itself, but the extent of higher-order structure has remained unclear. We use a new high-throughput RNA structure probing technology to identify RNA regions with tertiary folds and discover that roughly one-third of the dengue virus RNA genome forms higher-order interactions, many in regions functionally important for replication. This work suggests that tertiary structure elements might be common in large RNAs, and that these regions might contain pockets targetable by small molecules in the design of antiviral therapeutics.
Specificity landscapes unmask submaximal binding site preferences of transcription factors
Authors: Bhimsaria Devesh , Rodríguez-Martínez José A. , Pan Junkun , Roston Daniel , Korkmaz Elif Nihal , Cui Qiang , Ramanathan Parameswaran , Ansari Aseem Z. 
Published: October 2018

Significance
Several experimental platforms and computational methods have been developed to identify DNA binding sites of over 1,000 transcription factors. Often, high-affinity (maximal) binding sites are reported as consensus motifs. Differences between experimental platforms contribute to uncertainty in ascribing binding to submaximal sites. However, biological studies emphasize the importance of submaximal binding sites in shaping regulatory functions of transcription factors. To bridge this gap, we developed Differential Specificity and Energy Landscapes to unmask differences between experimental and computational methods as well as capture distinct submaximal binding site preferences of transcription factors. Our results suggest that subtle variation in protein structure can allosterically confer homolog-specific differences in binding to submaximal affinity sites.
Contexts of use of a rotated palms gesture among Syuba (Kagate) speakers in Nepal
Authors: Gawne Lauren 
Published: October 2018

AbstractIn this paper I examine the use of the ‘rotated palms’ gesture family among speakers of Syuba (Tibeto-Burman, Nepal), as recorded in a video corpus documenting this language. In this family of gestures one or both forearms are rotated to a supine (‘palm up’) position, each hand with thumb and forefinger extended and the other fingers, in varying degrees, flexed toward the palm. When used independently from speech this gesture tends to be performed in a relatively consistent manner, and is recognised as an interrogative gesture throughout India and Nepal. In this use it can be considered an emblem. When used with speech it shows more variation, but can still be used to indicate the interrogative nature of what is said, even when the speech may not indicate interrogativity in its linguistic construction. I analyse the form and function of this gesture in Syuba and argue that there are a number distinct functions relating to interrogativity. These can therefore be considered as a family of gestures. This research lays the groundwork for a better understanding of this common family of gestures across the South Asian area, and beyond.
Malacca Creole Portuguese in the 19th century
Authors: Baxter Alan N. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractEarlier linguistic research suggested that Malacca Creole Portuguese (MCP) had existed without diglossia with Portuguese ever since the Dutch conquest of Portuguese Malacca in 1642, yet it had experienced some contact with Portuguese in the 19th and 20th centuries. The present study adds significantly to this discussion. It considers a range of information from sociohistorical studies and archival sources (including linguistic data) relating to the Dutch (1642–1795, 1818–1823) and early British (1795–1818, 1823–1884) colonial periods. For the Dutch period, it is seen that contact with other Creole Portuguese communities is likely to have persisted for some time. Most significant, however, is the finding that 19th century texts in Portuguese and creole Portuguese, recently identified in archival sources in London and Graz, show that Portuguese continued to be part of the Malacca sociolinguistic setting until the early British period, and that missionary Indo-Portuguese also had a presence at that time. It is concluded that, rather than presenting a narrow lectal range akin to that of the MCP community in the late 20th century, the creole lectal grid in the 19th century was more complex, and included dimensions of a continuum in a diglossic relationship with Portuguese.