bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Kepler-1656b: A Dense Sub-Saturn with an Extreme Eccentricity
Authors: Brady Madison T. , Petigura Erik A. , Knutson Heather A. , Sinukoff Evan , Isaacson Howard , Hirsch Lea A. , Fulton Benjamin J. , Kosiarek Molly R. , Howard Andrew W. 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Kepler-1656b is a 5

planet with an orbital period of 32 days initially detected by the prime Kepler mission. We obtained precision radial velocities of Kepler-1656 with Keck/HIRES in order to confirm the planet and to characterize its mass and orbital eccentricity. With a mass of 48 ± 4

, Kepler-1656b is more massive than most planets of comparable size. Its high mass implies that a significant fraction, roughly 80%, of the planet’s total mass is in high-density material such as rock/iron, with the remaining mass in a low-density H/He envelope. The planet also has a high eccentricity of 0.84 ± 0.01, the largest measured eccentricity for any planet less than 100

. The planet’s high density and high eccentricity may be the result of one or more scattering and merger events during or after the dispersal of the protoplanetary disk.
The Polarization Behavior of Relativistic Synchrotron Jets
Authors: Peirson A. L. , Romani Roger W. 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
We describe a geometric model for synchrotron radiation from blazar jets, involving multiple emission zones with turbulent magnetic fields and a transient core with a helical B-field. Including the effects of jet divergence, particle cooling, and the relativistic position angle rotation (RPAR) to the observer frame, we find polarization behavior consistent with recent data from monitoring campaigns. We predict that under some circumstances multi-π rotation phases should exhibit relativistically induced steps in rate dPA/dt and modulation in polarization Π that can be helpful in pinning down the jet Γ and θ
obs. Also, RPAR enhances waveband differences that will be particularly interesting for comparing radio, optical, and, soon, X-ray position angle and Π variations.
A Multiwavelength Look at Galactic Massive Star-forming Regions
Authors: Binder Breanna A. , Povich Matthew S. 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
We present a multiwavelength study of 28 Galactic massive star-forming H ii regions. For 17 of these regions, we present new distance measurements based on Gaia DR2 parallaxes. By fitting a multicomponent dust, blackbody, and power-law continuum model to the 3.6 μm through 10 mm spectral energy distributions, we find that ∼34% of Lyman continuum photons emitted by massive stars are absorbed by dust before contributing to the ionization of H ii regions, while ∼68% of the stellar bolometric luminosity is absorbed and reprocessed by dust in the H ii regions and surrounding photodissociation regions. The most luminous, infrared-bright regions that fully sample the upper stellar initial mass function (ionizing photon rates N

C
≥ 1050 s−1 and dust-processed L
TIR ≥ 106.8
L
⊙) have on average higher percentages of absorbed Lyman continuum photons (∼51%) and reprocessed starlight (∼82%) compared to less luminous regions. Luminous H ii regions show lower average polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) fractions than less luminous regions, implying that the strong radiation fields from early-type massive stars are efficient at destroying PAH molecules. On average, the monochromatic luminosities at 8, 24, and 70 μm combined carry 94% of the dust-reprocessed L
TIR. L
70 captures ∼52% of L
TIR, and is therefore the preferred choice to infer the bolometric luminosity of dusty star-forming regions. We calibrate star formation rates (SFRs) based on L
24 and L
70 against the Lyman continuum photon rates of the massive stars in each region. Standard extragalactic calibrations of monochromatic SFRs based on population synthesis models are generally consistent with our values.
Temperature, Mass, and Turbulence: A Spatially Resolved Multiband Non-LTE Analysis of CS in TW Hya
Authors: Teague Richard , Henning Thomas , Guilloteau Stéphane , Bergin Edwin A. , Semenov Dmitry , Dutrey Anne , Flock Mario , Gorti Uma , Birnstiel Tilman 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Observations of multiple rotational transitions from a single molecule allow for unparalleled constraints on the physical conditions of the emitting region. We present an analysis of CS in TW Hya using the J = 7–6, 5–4 and 3–2 transitions imaged at ∼0.″5 spatial resolution, resulting in a temperature and column density profile of the CS emission region extending out to 230 au, far beyond previous measurements. In addition, the 15 kHz resolution of the observations and the ability to directly estimate the temperature of the CS emitting gas, allow for one of the most sensitive searches for turbulent broadening in a disk to date. Limits of v
turb ≲ 0.1c

s
can be placed across the entire radius of the disk. We are able to place strict limits of the local H2 density due to the collisional excitations of the observed transitions. From these we find that a minimum disk mass of 3 × 10−4
M
Sun is required to be consistent with the CS excitation conditions and can uniquely constrain the gas surface density profile in the outer disk.
Inversion Angle of Phase-polarization Curve of Near-Earth Asteroid (3200) Phaethon
Authors: Shinnaka Yoshiharu , Kasuga Toshihiro , Furusho Reiko , Boice Daniel C. , Terai Tsuyoshi , Noda Hirotomo , Namiki Noriyuki , Watanabe Jun-ichi 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
As a function of the solar phase angle, α, the linear polarization degree (referred to the scattering plane, P
r) of solar system objects is a good diagnostic for understanding the scattering properties of their surface materials. We report the P
r of Phaethon over a wide range of α from 19.°1 to 114.°3. The derived phase-polarization curve shows that the maximum of P
r, P
max, is >42.4% at α > 114.°3, a value significantly larger than those of the moderate albedo asteroids (P
max ∼ 9%). The phase-polarization curve classifies Phaethon as B-type as well as M- and K-type asteroids, in the polarimetric taxonomy, being compatible with the spectral property. We compute the geometric albedo, p
v, of 0.14 ± 0.04 independently by using an empirical slope-albedo relation, and the derived p
v is consistent with previous results determined from mid-infrared spectra and thermophysical modeling. We find no periodic variation of P
r in our polarimetric data in the range from 0 up to 7.208 hr (e.g., less than twice the rotational period). We also find significant differences between our P
r during the 2017 approach toward Earth and that in 2016, implying that Phaethon has a region with different properties for light scattering near its rotational pole.
Macrobenthic fauna from an upwelling coastal area of Peru (Warm Temperate South-eastern Pacific province -Humboldtian ecoregion)
Authors: Tasso Vicente , El Haddad Mustapha , Assadi Carolina , Canales Remy , Aguirre Luis , Vélez-Zuazo Ximena 
Published: September 2018

A total of 162 species and subspecies of marine macroinvertebrates were recorded in the submerged soft and hard substrates around the PERU LNG marine terminal and surrounding area, in the central coast of Peru, 167 km south of Lima, Peru. The collection of specimens was carried out from June 2011 to June 2015 as part of the research studies conducted by the Biodiversity Monitoring and Assessment Program (BMAP) around the marine terminal. The area is part of the Humboldt Current Large Marine Ecosystem, one of the most important upwelling systems in the world.
We identified specimens belonging to 83 families and seven phyla. The list was assembled from the taxonomic identifications made by the BMAP. We identified species and subspecies belonging to phyla Annelida, Arthropoda, Brachiopoda, Cnidaria, Echinodermata, Bryozoa and Mollusca. Phyla Annelida (60 spp.), Arthropoda (47 spp.)and Mollusca (45 spp.) exhibited the largest number of species.
Binocular and Monocular Implantation of Small-Aperture Intraocular Lenses in Cataract Surgery
Authors: Dick H. Burkhard , Elling Matthias , Schultz Tim 
Published: September 2018

PURPOSE:
To compare the clinical outcomes with the extended depth of focus small-aperture intraocular lens (IOL) (IC-8; AcuFocus, Irvine, CA) for presbyopia compensation when implanted monocularly or binocularly.

METHODS:
Visual outcomes, defocus curve, patient satisfaction, and visual symptoms during a 6-month follow-up were evaluated in 11 patients (contralateral group) implanted monocularly with this IOL and with an aspheric monofocal IOL in the fellow eye (myopic target) and 6 patients (bilateral group) implanted bilaterally with the IC-8 IOL (dominant eye with plano target, fellow eye with myopic target).

RESULTS:
Bilateral implantation of the IC-8 IOL resulted in an extended range of focus, with better intermediate and near vision. Monocular implantation of the IC-8 IOL resulted in a significantly higher overall satisfaction score and lower halo score.

CONCLUSIONS:
Bilateral implantation of the IC-8 IOL resulted in an extended range of focus, with better intermediate and near vision than monocular implantation of this IOL.

[
J Refract Surg.
2018;34(9):629–631.]
Influence of Microstructure on Stiffening Effects of Corneal Cross-linking Treatment
Authors: Hatami-Marbini Hamed 
Published: September 2018

PURPOSE:
To investigate the stiffening effects of corneal cross-linking (CXL) on tensile properties of anterior and posterior corneal flaps.

METHODS:
A Descemet stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty system was used to prepare anterior and posterior flaps from porcine corneas. The flaps were subjected to CXL and their mechanical behavior was assessed by conducting uniaxial tensile experiments. Full-thickness corneas were also cross-linked from the posterior and anterior side and their tensile behavior was measured.

RESULTS:

The CXL procedure significantly improved biomechanical properties of anterior flaps (
P
< .05). CXL did not have any significant effect on tensile properties of posterior flaps. Cross-linking full-thickness porcine corneal stroma from the posterior side had no significant stiffening effect.

CONCLUSIONS:
The stiffening effect of CXL therapy depends significantly on the composition and microstructure of corneal extracellular matrix.

[
J Refract Surg.
2018;34(9):622–627.]
Effect of Integrated Nutrient Management on Green Pod Yield of Chilli (Capsicum annuum L.) cv MIPC-01
Authors: Prradhiepan T. , Seran T. H. , Hariharan G. 
Published: September 2018

A field experiment was conducted to study the eect of combined application of organic manures with recommended inorganic fertilizers (RIF) and to nd out the best combination of applications on green pod yield of chilli cv. MIPC-01 (Mahailluppallama Kaludawali Selection). The following five treatment combinations viz. T1- No fertilizer (control plot), T2- 100% RIF, T3- 50% RIF + 15 t ha-1 cattle manure, T4- 50% RIF + 15 t ha-1 cattle manure + 250 kg ha-1 partially burnt paddy husk, T5- 50% RIF + 15 t ha-1 cattle manure + 500 kg ha-1 partially burnt paddy husk were laid out in a Randomised Completely Block Design and replicated four times. The measurements related to growth and yield parameters were taken using destructive random sampling method. The results revealed that among the tested fertilizer combinations, there were signicant dierences (p<0.05) in plant height, root length, number of owers, average numbers of pod per plant and pod length compared to the control treatment. The application of 50% RIF, 15 t ha-1 cattle manure along with 500 kg ha-1 partially burnt paddy husk produced higher number of pods per plant (10.50 and 24.50) and average pod weight per plant (40.42g cm and 90.16 g) over the control treatment at 120 and 150 DAT (days after transplanting) respectively. It is concluded that application of 50% RIF with 15 t ha-1 cattle manure and 500 kg ha-1 partially burnt paddy husk is the best combination to obtain higher green pod yield of chilli.
Presenilin 1 Regulates NF-κB Activation via Association with Breakpoint Cluster Region and Casein Kinase II
Authors: Tanaka Yuki , Sabharwal Lavannya , Ota Mitsutoshi , Nakagawa Ikuma , Jiang Jing-Jing , Arima Yasunobu , Ogura Hideki , Okochi Masayasu , Ishii Masaru , Kamimura Daisuke , Murakami Masaaki 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
We recently reported that NF-κB–mediated inflammation caused by breakpoint cluster region (BCR) is dependent on the α subunit of casein kinase II (CK2α) complex. In the current study, we demonstrate that presenilin 1 (Psen1), which is a catalytic component of the γ-secretase complex and the mutations of which are known to cause familial Alzheimer disease, acts as a scaffold of the BCR–CK2α–p65 complex to induce NF-κB activation. Indeed, Psen1 deficiency in mouse endothelial cells showed a significant reduction of NF-κB p65 recruitment to target gene promoters. Conversely, Psen1 overexpression enhanced reporter activation under NF-κB responsive elements and IL-6 promoter. Furthermore, the transcription of NF-κB target genes was not inhibited by a γ-secretase inhibitor, suggesting that Psen1 regulates NF-κB activation in a manner independent of γ-secretase activity. Mechanistically, Psen1 associated with the BCR–CK2α complex, which is required for phosphorylation of p65 at serine 529. Consistently, TNF-α–induced phosphorylation of p65 at serine 529 was significantly decreased in Psen1-deficient cells. The association of the BCR–CK2α–p65 complex was perturbed in the absence of Psen1. These results suggest that Psen1 functions as a scaffold of the BCR–CK2α–p65 complex and that this signaling cascade could be a novel therapeutic target for various chronic inflammation conditions, including those in Alzheimer disease.
β1 Integrins Are Required To Mediate NK Cell Killing of Cryptococcus neoformans
Authors: Xiang Richard F. , Li ShuShun , Ogbomo Henry , Stack Danuta , Mody Christopher H. 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Cryptococcus neoformans is a fungal pathogen that causes fatal meningitis and pneumonia. During host defense to Cryptococcus, NK cells directly recognize and kill C. neoformans using cytolytic degranulation analogous to killing of tumor cells. This fungal killing requires independent activation of Src family kinase (SFK) and Rac1-mediated pathways. Recognition of C. neoformans requires the natural cytotoxicity receptor, NKp30; however, it is not known whether NKp30 activates both signal transduction pathways or whether a second receptor is involved in activation of one of the pathways. We used primary human NK cells and a human NK cell line and found that NKp30 activates SFK → PI3K but not Rac1 cytotoxic signaling, which led to a search for the receptor leading to Rac1 activation. We found that NK cells require integrin-linked kinase (ILK) to activate Rac1 for effective fungal killing. This observation led to our identification of β1 integrin as an essential anticryptococcal receptor. These findings demonstrate that multiple receptors, including β1 integrins and NKp30 and their proximal signaling pathways, are required for recognition of Cryptococcus, which activates a central cytolytic antimicrobial pathway leading to fungal killing.
Phenotypic and Functional Signatures of Herpes Simplex Virus–Specific Effector Memory CD73+CD45RAhighCCR7lowCD8+ TEMRA and CD73+CD45RAlowCCR7lowCD8+ TEM Cells Are Associated with Asymptomatic Ocular Herpes
Authors: Srivastava Ruchi , Coulon Pierre-Grégoire , Roy Soumyabrata , Chilukuri Sravya , Garg Sumit , BenMohamed Lbachir 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
HSV type 1 (HSV-1)–specific CD8+ T cells protect from herpes infection and disease. However, the nature of protective CD8+ T cells in HSV-1 seropositive healthy asymptomatic (ASYMP) individuals (with no history of clinical herpes disease) remains to be determined. In this study, we compared the phenotype and function of HSV-specific CD8+ T cells from HLA-A*02:01–positive ASYMP and symptomatic (SYMP) individuals (with a documented history of numerous episodes of recurrent ocular herpetic disease). We report that although SYMP and ASYMP individuals have similar frequencies of HSV-specific CD8+ T cells, the “naturally” protected ASYMP individuals have a significantly higher proportion of multifunctional HSV-specific effector memory CD8+ T cells (CD73+CD45RAhighCCR7lowCD8+ effector memory RA (TEMRA) and CD73+CD45RAlowCCR7lowCD8+ effector memory (TEM) as compared with SYMP individuals. Similar to humans, HSV-1–infected ASYMP B6 mice had frequent multifunctional HSV-specific CD73+CD8+ T cells in the cornea, as compared with SYMP mice. Moreover, in contrast to wild type B6, CD73−/− deficient mice infected ocularly with HSV-1 developed more recurrent corneal herpetic infection and disease. This was associated with less functional CD8+ T cells in the cornea and trigeminal ganglia, the sites of acute and latent infection. The phenotypic and functional characteristics of HSV-specific circulating and in situ CD73+CD8+ T cells, demonstrated in both ASYMP humans and mice, suggest a positive role for effector memory CD8+ T cells expressing the CD73 costimulatory molecule in the protection against ocular herpes infection and disease. These findings are important for the development of safe and effective T cell–based herpes immunotherapy.
Cutting Edge: Intracellular IFN-β and Distinct Type I IFN Expression Patterns in Circulating Systemic Lupus Erythematosus B Cells
Authors: Hamilton Jennie A. , Wu Qi , Yang PingAr , Luo Bao , Liu Shanrun , Li Jun , L. Mattheyses Alexa , Sanz Ignacio , Chatham W. Winn , Hsu Hui-Chen , Mountz John D. 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
In systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), type I IFNs promote induction of type I IFN–stimulated genes (ISG) and can drive B cells to produce autoantibodies. Little is known about the expression of distinct type I IFNs in lupus, particularly high-affinity IFN-β. Single-cell analyses of transitional B cells isolated from SLE patients revealed distinct B cell subpopulations, including type I IFN producers, IFN responders, and mixed IFN producer/responder clusters. Anti-Ig plus TLR3 stimulation of SLE B cells induced release of bioactive type I IFNs that could stimulate HEK-Blue cells. Increased levels of IFN-β were detected in circulating B cells from SLE patients compared with controls and were significantly higher in African American patients with renal disease and in patients with autoantibodies. Together, the results identify type I IFN–producing and –responding subpopulations within the SLE B cell compartment and suggest that some patients may benefit from specific targeting of IFN-β.
Arquitetura Nova
Authors: Grossman Vanessa 
Published: September 2018

When the architect Sérgio Ferro entitled his 1967 manifesto ‘New Architecture’, he proclaimed a new architecture in Brazil by means of alignment with the thesis-manifesto ‘An Aesthetic of Hunger’, written by the Brazilian filmmaker Glauber Rocha, and first published two years earlier. According to Ferro, Arquitetura Nova was a clear reference to Rocha’s ‘New Cinema’: films made from ‘simple means and ideas in mind’.
Together with architects Flávio Império and Rodrigo Lefèvre, Ferro took Cinema Novo’s ‘neo-realist’ approach as far as it could reasonably be applied to architecture. They designated it as a new ‘poetics of economy’ that should be defined from ‘the useful minimum’, the ‘constructive minimum’ and from the ‘didactic minimum’ for the formulation of a new language established ‘on the basis of Brazil’s historical reality’. In their texts and projects, developed throughout the 1960s, they advocated not only the use of popular materials and techniques in order to make architecture more accessible to the masses, but also the means by which the constructive process would be intelligible for all the protagonists involved. Despite the 1967 manifesto, written three years after Brazil’s coup d’état, Ferro only retrospectively referred to the group’s experience as Arquitetura Nova in 1988.
Czechoslovak New Wave Cinema
Authors: Leskosky Richard J. 
Published: September 2018

The Czechoslovak New Wave was a 1960s film movement which flourished in the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic during a period of general liberalisation in the country’s politics that inspired a general blossoming of the arts. It shared stylistic and thematic traits with the other European New Wave movements of the time, but it also specifically rejected Socialist Realism. Socialist Realism was the Soviet film policy that demanded optimistic depictions of anything Communist, and condemned formalist elements, such as montage, that called attention to the making of the film rather than its story. The Czech New Wave (also called at the time ‘the Czech Film Miracle’) began in 1963 with the feature debuts of Milos Forman’s Černý Petr [Black Peter], Vĕra Chytilová’s O néčem jiném [Something Different], and Jaromil Jireš’s Křik [The Cry].
Czechoslovak New Wave films typically contained wry satires of the Communist Party and Czech society, a willingness to deal with sexual themes, the casting of non-professional actors, and the use of documentary techniques to present fictional stories. In addition to refusing to capitulate to the demands of Socialist Realism, the Czech New Wave cinema was also distinctive for its filmmakers’ collaboration with the country’s foremost writers, such as Bohumil Hrabal, Milan Kundera, and Arnošt Lustig.
Kubrick, Stanley (1928–1999)
Authors: Oveisy Fouad 
Published: September 2018

Stanley Kubrick (b. 26 July 1928, Bronx, New York, US; d. 7 March 1999, St Albans, England) was a key late-modernist American director renowned for his creative use of cinematic elements, a bold approach to the human subject’s existential dilemmas, and a controversial tendency towards grotesque subject matter. Even though the themes and cinematic styles vary greatly throughout Kubrick’s oeuvre, the human relationship with technology and government, the individual’s traumatic response to sexual and societal norms, and the mass conditions in the wake of war and violence capture the gist of his philosophical focus on the limitations of modernity.
Kubrick’s films fall into the modernist tradition of aesthetic formalism. In the science fiction 2001: A Space Odyssey (1968), he effectively uses the Eisensteinian techniques of rhythmic, tonal and intellectual montage to comment on technological teleology, human enlightenment, and the origin of violence. Kubrick established his early reputation with the noir The Killing (1956), and the World War I drama Paths of Glory (1957). The adaptations Lolita (1962) and A Clockwork Orange (1971) brought him worldwide success and acclaim. Later in his career, the psychological thriller The Shining (1987) and the Vietnam film Full Metal Jacket (1987) cemented his status as a fierce yet highly controversial critic of modern society, human nature, and the capitalistic machines of war and patriarchy.
Qabbani, Nizar (‏نزار توفيق قباني‎‪) (1923-1998)
Authors: Luce Mark D. 
Published: September 2018

Nizar Qabbani (1923–98) was born in Damascus, Syria, into a merchant family. He studied law at Damascus University and then entered the Syrian diplomatic service, where he served in embassies in Cairo, Ankara, Beirut, London, Beijing, and Madrid.
He retired in 1966, moved to Beirut and opened a publishing company. Qabbani was one of the most famous and influential poets of his time. He is known for his sensual and romantic poetry. He used poetry as a form of resistance to advocate for social freedoms for women and fused romantic themes with themes of political despair. Not only were his poems published, but they were popularized by Lebanese and Syrian singers who set his lyrics to music.