bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Choisir avec soin : une réalité?
Authors: Levine Mitch 
Published: July 2018

Le programme Choisir avec soin vise à favoriser une utilisation plus efficace des ressources en soins de santé. D’une part, le programme invite les patients à aligner leurs attentes sur des données probantes en ce qui a trait aux prestations de soins de santé; d’autre part, il vise à accroître les connaissances des médecins quant aux directives fondées sur des données probantes en ce qui a trait au recours à des examens et traitements. Dans le présent numéro de la RCMIG, une étude nous rapporte que la connaissance que les médecins ont de Choisir avec soin ne s’avère pas très encourageante. En effet, beaucoup de médecins déclarent connaître le programme Choisir avec soin, mais nombre d’entre eux n’auraient qu’une connaissance limitée des messages spécifiques visant à guider leur pratique selon des données probantes. Puisque les résultats de cette étude reposent sur les 33 % de médecins qui ont accepté de répondre, on est en droit de se demander s’il n’y aurait pas une méconnaissance encore plus grande du programme chez les autres (67 %) qui ont décliné de répondre. Malgré cette information pessimiste, je persiste à croire que les médecins ont une pratique fondée sur des données probantes, même s’ils ne connaissent pas en détail les recommandations du programme Choisir avec soin. En effet, l’ensemble de ces recommandations a été élaboré par des sociétés de professionnels représentant différentes spécialités cliniques au Canada. La Société canadienne de médecine interne (SCMI) a formulé cinq principales recommandations à l’organisation Choisir avec soin par l’entremise d’un comité de vingt membres représentant un groupe diversifié d’internistes généraux venant de partout au Canada et reflétant un large éventail de régions géographiques, de milieux de pratique, d’institutions et d’experience1. Vous trouverez ci-dessous la liste des cinq recommandations visant les médecins exerçant dans le domaine de la médecine interne. Ne recourez pas systématiquement aux études de neuro-imagerie (tomodensitométrie, imagerie par résonance magnétique ou Doppler carotidien) pour l’évaluation d’une simple syncope chez les patients dont l’examen neurologique est normal. N’installez pas ou ne laissez pas en place des sondes urinaires sans avoir une indication acceptable (comme une maladie grave, une obstruction ou des soins palliatifs). Ne transfusez pas de globules rouges selon des seuils d’hémoglobine ou d’hématocrite arbitraires en l’absence de symptômes d’une maladie coronarienne active, d’insuffisance cardiaque ou d’un AVC. En milieu hospitalier, ne commandez pas d’analyses sanguines ou chimiques de façon répétitive lorsque la condition clinique et les tests de laboratoire sont stables. N’effectuez pas systématiquement d’examens préopératoires (comme une radiographie des poumons, une échocardiographie ou un test cardiaque à l’effort) pour des chirurgies à faible risque.Ceci étant dit, comment se porte votre pratique? Mitchell LevineRédacteur en chef, RCMIG
The Pathognomonicity of Gottron’s Sign
Authors: Babcock BSc Heather M. , Osman MD PhD Mohammed S. , Kwok MD Tiffany , Chihrin MD Stephen , Keeling MD MSc Stephanie O. , Majumdar MD MPH Sumit R. 
Published: July 2018

This article presents the case of a previously healthy 43-year-old female who presented with a 3-month history of progressive, symmetrical, bilateral, proximal muscle weakness accompanied by a violaceous-to-erythematous rash involving her hands, arms, thighs, chest, and face. She had conspicuous non-edematous periorbital violaceous patches with telangiectasia and prominent warm violaceous macules overlying the metacarpophalangeal (MCP) and proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joints. Muscle biopsy confirmed dermatomyositis. Gottron’s sign is the most specific cutaneous finding of dermatomyositis and is present in at least 70% of patients. The lesions begin as non-palpable flat macules or patches (Gottron’s “sign”) or are firm and raised (Gottron’s “papules”), but the lesions eventually coalesce into raised non-blanching plaques that occur over bony prominences – typically the MCP, PIP, and/or distal interphalangeal joints. Gottron’s sign (and papules) are pathognomonic for dermatomyositis, although some other conditions may have similar presentations. Gottron’s sign must always be explained, as dermatomyositis may be primary or secondary to malignancy or other connective tissue diseases, and none of the conditions that make up the differential diagnosis are benign.
Biochemical Markers of Bone Turnover and Risk of Incident Diabetes in Older Women: The Cardiovascular Health Study
Authors: Massera Daniele , Biggs Mary L. , Walker Marcella D. , Mukamal Kenneth J. , Ix Joachim H. , Djousse Luc , Valderrábano Rodrigo J. , Siscovick David S. , Tracy Russell P. , Xue Xiaonan , Kizer Jorge R. 
Published: July 2018

OBJECTIVETo investigate the relationship of osteocalcin (OC), a marker of bone formation, and C-terminal cross-linked telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX), a marker of bone resorption, with incident diabetes in older women.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODSThe analysis included 1,455 female participants from the population-based Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS) (mean [SD] age 74.6 [5.0] years). The cross-sectional association of serum total OC and CTX levels with insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was examined using multiple linear regression. The longitudinal association of both markers with incident diabetes, defined by follow-up glucose measurements, medications, and ICD-9 codes, was examined using multivariable Cox proportional hazards models.RESULTSOC and CTX were strongly correlated (r = 0.80). In cross-sectional analyses, significant or near-significant inverse associations with HOMA-IR were observed for continuous levels of OC (β = −0.12 per SD increment; P = 0.004) and CTX (β = −0.08 per SD; P = 0.051) after full adjustment for demographic, lifestyle, and clinical covariates. During a median follow-up of 11.5 years, 196 cases of incident diabetes occurred. After full adjustment, both biomarkers exhibited inverse associations with incident diabetes (OC: hazard ratio 0.85 per SD [95% CI 0.71–1.02; P = 0.075]; CTX: 0.82 per SD [0.69–0.98; P = 0.031]), associations that were comparable in magnitude and approached or achieved statistical significance.CONCLUSIONSIn late postmenopausal women, lower OC and CTX levels were associated with similarly increased risks of insulin resistance at baseline and incident diabetes over long-term follow-up. Further research to delineate the mechanisms linking abnormal bone homeostasis and energy metabolism could uncover new approaches for the prevention of these age-related disorders.
Temperature stress in arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi: a test for adaptation to soil temperature in three isolates of Funneliformis mosseae from different climates
Authors: Gavito Mayra E. , Azcón–Aguilar Concepción 
Published: July 2018

Climate change may impose stimulations or constraints on the mycorrhizal symbiosis by increasing and fluctuating temperatures. We conducted a study to compare the soil temperature response curves (6, 12, 18, and 24 oC) of three isolates of Funneliformis mosseae from different regions and climates (Finland, Denmark, Spain), to test if the isolates from cold environments were able to grow better at lower temperatures and the isolates from warmer environments grew better at higher temperatures. The results provided clear evidence suggesting no adaptation to soil temperature in these AMF isolates. All isolates showed reduced development and very little external mycelium growth at 6 and 12 oC, and similar increased development with increasing soil temperature. These results suggest that AMF have a narrow window to develop in cold regions where temperatures below 15 oC prevail.
The effect of rootstock on apple tree bearing stability in a cooler climate
Authors: Kviklys Darius , Čeidaitė Alina , Lanauskas Juozas , Uselis Nobertas , Samuolienė Giedrė 
Published: July 2018

The effect of rootstock on apple yield, productivity and alternate bearing was investigated at the Institute of Horticulture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry during a six-year period in a full bearing orchard. Apple cultivars ‘Ligol’ and ‘Auksis’ grafted on M.26 semi-dwarf rootstock; M.9, B.396, P 66, P 67 and Pure 1 dwarf rootstocks; and P 59, P 22, P 61, P 62 and PB.4 super-dwarf rootstocks were tested. Rootstock had a significant effect on apple tree growth, average yield and cumulative yield efficiency. Alternate apple bearing did not depend on rootstock vigour. Constant correlations between bearing regularity, average yield and cumulative yield efficiency were not established and differed on a cultivar or rootstock level. On the average of both tested cultivars, a more regular apple yield was recorded on Pure 1, P 59 and B.396 rootstocks. A significantly higher alternate bearing index was established on P 67, P 62 and M.9 rootstocks.
Annual variation in sensory characteristics of seventeen apple cultivars
Authors: Seppä Laila , Tahvonen Risto , Tuorila Hely 
Published: July 2018

Sensory characteristics of 17 apple cultivars commonly grown in Finland were compared over three harvest years (2009–2011). Descriptive analysis with a trained panel (n = 11–14) comprised 17 attributes rated from 0 (‘not at all’) to 10 (‘very’): four appearance (green, red, area of red colour, skin waxiness), three odour (intense, grassy, fruity), five texture (hard, crispy, mealy, juicy, tough peel), and five flavour (intense, sour, sweet, astringent, diverse) attributes. Ratedintensities differed between the harvest years but their magnitude and direction of change varied according to the cultivar. Odour and flavour ratings tended to be higher in 2009 than in 2010 and 2011. The summer 2009 was fairly normal, while summer 2010 was hot and dry, and summer 2011 hot and humid. These climate may explain some of the differences between the first and the two subsequent years. Late season cultivars tended to be relatively stable against annual effects.
Influence of colonization by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on three strawberry cultivars under salty conditions
Authors: Sinclair Grant , Charest Christiane , Dalpé Yolande , Khanizadeh Shahrokh 
Published: July 2018

Plant adaptation to hyperosmotic environments is generally associated with reduced growth and ultimately yield loss, making farming difficult. The potential of mycorrhizal symbioses to alleviate salt stress has been documented and benefits to plant revealed to be specific and dependent to both plant cultivars and fungal strains. A factorial greenhouse experiment was performed to determine the effects of three arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) species (Funneliformis caledonius, F. mosseae and Rhizophagus irregularis) on three ‘day-neutral’ strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) cultivars (‘Albion’, ‘Charlotte’ and ‘Seascape’), and a mixture of R. irregularis and F. mosseae on ‘Seascape’, under four salt conditions (0–200 mM NaCl). The overall results showed that plant biomass decreased with increasing salinity. The cultivars responded differently to both AMF and salinity, and ‘Seascape’ was more tolerant to salinity than the other cultivars. AMF enhanced plant growth and improved salt tolerance by increasing the proportion of medium (0.5<ɸ≤1.5 mm) and coarse (ɸ>1.5 mm) diameter roots. The mixture of two AMF species increased root and shoot mass to a higher degree than each species alone at low salinity (0–50 mM) but reduced fruit quality. At higher levels (100–200 mM), R. irregularis alleviated salt stress and improved fruit quality to a higher degree than the other AMF species. Our results support the use of bio-inoculants in saline horticultural areas. Because cultivars respond differently to fungal inoculants, and inoculants prefer specific environmental conditions, fungal inoculants need to be screened on a cultivar- and condition-specific basis.
ANALISIS SOAL-SOAL UJIAN MATERI STOIKIOMETRI SMA NEGERI KOTA BANDA ACEH
Authors: Sri Wahyuni Eka , Khaldun Ibnu , Sulastri Sulastri 
Published: July 2018

AbstrakTelah dilakukan penelitian untuk mengkaji fenomena distribusi jenjang taksonomi Bloom dan menganalisis kualitas dari butir soal tes materi stoikiometri yang diaplikasikan pada ujian akhir semester genap tahun akademik 2015-2016 oleh guru kimia di kota Banda Aceh. Ada delapan sekolah yang dipilih melalui cluster sample, yaitu SMAN 3, SMAN 4, SMAN 5, SMAN 6, SMAN 10 Fajar Harapan, SMAN 11, SMAN 12, dan SMAN 13 Banda Aceh. Data yang digunakan adalah soal ujian semester genap materi stoikiometri yang dikumpulkan dari sekolah-sekolah tersebut. Data penelitian dikelompokkan berdasarkan jenjang taksonomi, dilanjutkan dengan analisis persentase untuk menentukan distribusi jenjang soal. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa 62,5% sekolah menggunakan tingkatan C2, C3, dan C4; 25% sekolah menggunakan tingkatan C2 dan C4 saja; dan 12,5% sekolah menggunakan tingkatan C2 dan C3. Hasil analisis kualitas butir soal tes secara kuantitatif diperoleh 20 soal (57,14%) layak untuk diaplikasikan, 4 soal (11,42%) harus diperbaiki dan 11 soal (31,4%) tidak layak diaplikasikan. Hasil uji reliabilitas diperoleh sebesar 0,689, ini berarti bahwa soal yang diaplikasikan tidak reliabel. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa distribusi jenjang soal ujian akhir semester untuk materi stoikiometri di Banda Aceh masih bervariasi dan kualitas soal secara kuantitatif masih ada yang belum layak pakai.Kata kunci:analisis soal, taksonomi Bloom, stoikiometri.
MEMPERSIAPKAN GENERASI PEDULI LINGKUNGAN MELALUI PEMBELAJARAN SENYAWA KARBON BERMUATAN NILAI KARAKTER
Authors: Maulia Putri Septina , Sulastri Sulastri , Saminan Saminan 
Published: July 2018

AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan karakter peduli lingkungan peserta didik dengan menggunakan modul bermuatan nilai karakter. Penelitian ini menggunakan modul bermuatan nilai karakter pada materi senyawa karbon yang telah dikembangkan dan telah layak digunakan dalam proses pembelajaran. Teknik analisis data pada penelitian ini menggunakan uji persepsi peserta didik setelah mempelajari modul bermuatan nilai karakter. Instrumen angket persepsi yang digunakan meliputi 10 aspek karakter menurut Lickona diantaranya bijaksana, adil, memiliki daya tahan, memiliki kontrol diri, mencintai, sikap positif, kerja keras, integritas, berterimakasih dan rendah hati. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan, disimpulkan bahwa hasil rata-rata persepsi peserta didik di SMAN 1, 5, 6 dan 10 Banda Aceh terhadap modul bermuatan nilai karakter yang dkembangkan adalah sangat baik dengan persentase 85.Kata kunci: Kesadaran Lingkungan, Modul, Karakter, Kimia Karbon, Persepsi.
O papel essencial e futurista da educação e dos investimentos em ciência e tecnologia no aprimoramento e catalisação do modelo chinês de desenvolvimento
Authors: Peixoto Maurício Muriack de Fernandes , Godoy Arnaldo Sampaio de Moraes 
Published: July 2018

O presente artigo tem por objetivo descrever e demonstrar de que forma a China há privilegiado o investimento em educação básica e avançada e em ciência e tecnologia como instrumentos estratégicos para alavancar a concreção do direito ao desenvolvimento. O problema que iremos pesquisar é o da imprescindibilidade da primazia aos investimentos educacionais básicos e avançados e em pesquisa tecnológica como elementos paulatinos de sustentabilidade da continuidade do progresso chinês. A metodologia que iremos adotar será a de pesquisa bibliográfica. O objeto é relevante cientificamente porque revela como a educação e a pesquisa em ciência e tecnologia se transformaram em sustentáculos insubstituíveis para o paradigmático progresso chinês e como a China conseguiu aprimorar suas políticas públicas na área educacional a partir de seus erros históricos, usando com sabedoria a combinação de programas gradualistas e focados na resolução dos problemas exsurgentes em cada etapa de seu processo de desenvolvimento. Após revolucionar a educação básica, universalizando o ensino e erradicando o analfabetismo, a China se concentra em melhorar a qualidade do ensino, dobrando o número de chineses com acesso à universidade e investindo fortemente em pesquisa, ciência e tecnologia. Desta forma, a educação e a pesquisa tecnológica são atualmente uma das principais peças de sustentação do modelo de desenvolvimento chinês no século XXI e um de seus principais “segredos de polichinelo” rumo ao progresso.
موقف المملكة العربية السعودية من قيام الثورة الإسلامية الإيرانية عام 1979
Authors: Othman Nazem Y. , Shafiq Nizar Z. 
Published: July 2018

الملخص
إحتلت المملكة العربية السعودية مكانة بارزة على الصعيدين الأقليمي والدولي لما امتازت به من ثقل ديني وسياسي وإقتصادي، وقد أولت المملكة العربية السعودية إهتماماَ بالغاَ بالقضايا الأقليمية بشكل عام وإيران بشكل خاص، لا سيما خلال الأحداث الداخلية في إيران خلال عام 1978 وقيام الثورة الإيرانية في 1979. حيث إكتسبت العلاقات السعودية – الإيرانية أهمية خاصة في تشكيل منظومة العلاقات الإيرانية مع الدول الخليجية، وذلك بحكم الثقل السياسي والتاريخي والديني والإقتصادي الذي تمثله الدولتان.
تنطلق أهمية البحث في تسليط الضوء على الموقف السعودي من قيام الثورة الإسلامية الإيرانية عام 1979. حيث قسم البحث على أربعة محاور، وجاء في مقدمة البحث التمهيد لإلقاء نظرة في العلاقات السعودية – الإيرانية قبل عام 1979، وجاء المحور الأول ليسلط الضوء على موقف السعودية من الأحداث الداخلية في إيران قبيل سقوط الشاه، أما المحور الثاني فقد خصص لموقف السعودية من قيام الثورة الإيرانية، أما المحور الثالث فقد بحث عن موقف المملكة العربية السعودية من مبدأ تصدير الثورة إلى الخارج، وركز المحور الرابع لتطور العلاقات بين البلدين بعد إحتلال السفارة الأمريكية في طهران.
Does robotic-arm assisted total hip arthroplasty benefit short-term clinical outcomes? A pair match-controlled study
Authors: Perets Itay , Walsh John , Mu Brian , Mansor Yosif , Yuen Leslie , Domb Benjamin 
Published: July 2018

Recent advances have made robotic assistance a viable option in total hip arthroplasty (THA). However, the clinical outcomes of this procedure relative to THA without robotic assistance have yet to be reported. This study presents short-term outcomes of robotically assisted THA compared to a pair-matched control group of patients that underwent THA without robotic assistance.Data were prospectively collected on all THAs performed from July 2011 to January 2015. Patients were included if they underwent primary THA treating idiopathic osteoarthritis and were eligible for minimum two-year follow-up. Outcomes were measured using Harris Hip Score (HHS), the Forgotten Joint Score (FJS-12), pain on a visual analog scale (VAS), and satisfaction from 0-10. Patients that underwent THA with robotic assistance were matched 1:1 with THA patients without robotic assistance for age, sex, BMI, and approach.There were 85 patients in each study group. There were no significant differences in the demographic factors matched for. Both HHS and FJS-12 were significantly higher in the robotic assistance group at minimum two-year follow-up. VAS was lower in the robotic assistance group, but this was not statistically significant (p = 0.12). There was a not a significant difference in patient satisfaction. There was no significant difference in the rate of postoperative complications or subsequent revisions between groups.Robotically assisted THA is safe and may lead to superior short-term outcomes compared to THA without robotic assistance.
5-year gait analysis as a secondary outcome of a fixed bearing robotic assisted versus mobile bearing manual UKA RCT
Authors: Banger Matthew , Rowe Philip , Millar Lindsay , Blyth Mark , MacLean Angus , Jones Bryn , Donnelly Iona 
Published: July 2018

Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) procedures have recognised differences in knee kinematics and kinetics from healthy knees. This study reports on the less documented knee kinematics and kinetics of uni-compartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) patients during walking as a secondary outcome measure of a RCT between a fixed bearing UKA robotic procedure versus a mobile bearing UKA manual procedure.Three dimensional, instrumented, gait analysis was performed 5 years after 49 medial osteoarthritis UKA patients received surgery. 27 were randomised to receive a robotic assisted UKA and 22 to receive a manual implant surgery.The robotic assisted group showed a significant increased range of motion in stance during walking. 59% of the robotic assisted group achieved a bi-phasic sagittal knee moment, in comparison of 50% of the manual group. Significantly higher peak values of the varus knee and internal rotation moments were measured for the robotic assisted group during early and late section of the gait cycle, respectively. This indicates that larger normalised forces are applied through the knee during flat ground walking in the robotic assisted group.The robotic assisted group showed biomechanical benefits over the manual group for walking tasks. Poor fixation outcomes are avoided in patients with normal knee moments.
Accuracy of Bony Resection Under Computer Assisted Navigation Compared with Free-Hand Cutting for Bone Tumors Around the Knee
Authors: Deng Zhiping , Li Bin , Jin Tao , Zhang Qing , Hao Lin , Niu Xiaohui 
Published: July 2018

INTRODUCTIONBone tumor surgery can be more accurate under the computer assisted navigation. The researches have shown the benefit of margin control in pelvic, joint sparing surgery. The traditional method for bone cutting in limb salvage was by free hand. There was no literature focused on the comparison of cutting accuracy in bone tumors around the knee joint. The aim of this study was to compare the accuracy for bony resection under navigation and by free hand in limb salvage surgery around the knee.MATERIALS AND METHODSThirty-nine cases of bone tumors around the knee joint were resected under navigation (Stryker System) in our department from 2008 Sep to 2017 Nov. All the cases were performed intercalary resection in femur or tibia. The initial aim to use navigation was to make the resection more close to the pre-operative planning. The pre-operative planning was performed with the software OrthoMap at the working station (Stryker Company). The CT and MRI imaging were input to the system. We used intraoperative navigation (Iso-C based) to find the cutting plane and use the jig saw to cut the bone. The post-operative specimen was used for verification and compared with the pre-operative plan. The length difference was defined as specimen length minus planning resection length. The control group included 117 cases of tumors around the knee performed limb salvage surgery when bony cutting was achieved by free hand. This was a non-randomized control study. The method to find the cutting plane was by measuring the length from the joint line to the planned plane by ruler. The length of post-operative specimen by free hand was compared with the surgical plan. The length difference was detected in this control group. Then the differences in two groups were compared and analyzed.RESULTSThe resection lengths in navigation group ranged from 85-282mm and in the free hand group the length ranged from 90-330mm. The length difference between post-operative verification and pre-operative plan was detected. In the navigation group, the length difference was 0.5±2.5mm (range ,-5～5mm), while in the free hand group the length difference was 3.4±9.6mm (range ,-20～29mm), P&lt;0.01. For the absolute value differences analysis, the difference was 2.0±1.6mm and 8.3±6.0mm for navigation and free hand group respectively, P&lt;0.01.DISCUSSIONOur study shows that bone cutting with navigation can be more accurate than freehand cutting. The average length difference was 2.0mm (95% CI, 0.4 to 3.6mm) when compared to average 8.3mm (95% CI, 2.3 to 14.3mm). The accuracy with navigation is similar to the previous researches. Our comparison with free hand group gives the data how accurate the navigation can help surgeon to achieve. The result indicates that computer assisted navigation can make a role in limb salvage surgery if the precise resection is required.