bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fast Outflow in the Host Galaxy of the Luminous z = 7.5 Quasar J1007+2115
Authors: Liu 刘 Weizhe 伟哲 , Fan Xiaohui , Yang Jinyi , Bañados Eduardo , Wang Feige , Wolf Julien , Barth Aaron J. , Costa Tiago , Decarli Roberto , Eilers Anna-Christina , Loiacono Federica , Shen Yue , Farina Emanuele Paolo , Jin Xiangyu , Jun Hyunsung D. , Li Mingyu , Lupi Alessandro , Marshall Madeline A. , Pan Zhiwei , Pudoka Maria , Zhuang 庄 Ming-Yang 明阳 , Champagne Jaclyn B. , Li Huan , Sun Fengwu , Tee Wei Leong , Vayner Andrey , Zhang Haowen 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The James Webb Space Telescope opens a new window to directly probe luminous quasars powered by billion solar mass black holes in the Epoch of Reionization and their coevolution with massive galaxies with unprecedented details. In this paper, we report the first results from a deep NIRSpec integral field unit spectroscopic study of a quasar at z = 7.5. We obtain a bolometric luminosity of ∼1.8 × 1047 erg s−1 and a black hole mass of ∼0.7–2.5 × 109
M
⊙ based on the Hβ emission line in the quasar spectrum. We discover ∼2 kpc scale, highly blueshifted (∼−870 km s−1) and broad (∼1400 km s−1) [O iii] line emission after the quasar point-spread function has been subtracted. Such line emission most likely originates from a fast, quasar-driven outflow, the earliest one at galactic scales known so far. The dynamical properties of this outflow fall within the typical ranges of quasar-driven outflows at lower redshift, and the outflow may be fast enough to reach the circumgalactic medium. Combining both the extended and nuclear outflow together, the mass outflow rate, ∼300 M
⊙ yr−1, is ∼60%–380% of the star formation rate of the quasar host galaxy, suggesting that the outflow may expel a significant amount of gas from the inner region of the galaxy. The kinetic energy outflow rate, ∼3.6 × 1044 erg s−1, is ∼0.2% of the quasar bolometric luminosity, which is comparable to the minimum value required for negative feedback based on simulation predictions. The dynamical timescale of the extended outflow is ∼1.7 Myr, consistent with the typical quasar lifetime in this era.
Comparative Planetology of Magnetic Effects in Ultrahot Jupiters: Trends in High-resolution Spectroscopy
Authors: Beltz Hayley , Rauscher Emily 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Ultrahot Jupiters (UHJs), being the hottest class of exoplanets known, provide a unique laboratory for testing atmospheric interactions with internal planetary magnetic fields at a large range of temperatures. Thermal ionization of atmospheric species on the dayside of these planets results in charged particles becoming embedded in the planet’s mostly neutral wind. The charges will resist flow across magnetic field lines as they are dragged around the planet and ultimately alter the circulation pattern of the atmosphere. We model this process to study this effect on high-resolution emission and transmission spectra in order to identify observational signatures of the magnetic circulation regime that exist across multiple UHJs. Using a state-of-the-art kinematic MHD/active drag approach in a 3D atmospheric model, we simulate three different UHJs with and without magnetic effects. We postprocess these models to generate high-resolution emission and transmission spectra and explore trends in the net Doppler shift as a function of phase. In emission spectra, we find that the net Doppler shift before and after secondary eclipse can be influenced by the presence of magnetic drag and the wavelength choice. Trends in transmission spectra show our active drag models consistently produce a unique shape in their Doppler shift trends that differs from the models without active drag. This work is a critical theoretical step to understanding how magnetic fields shape the atmospheres of UHJs and provides some of the first predictions in high-resolution spectroscopy for observing these effects.
The Potential for Long-lived Intermediate-mass Black Hole Binaries in the Lowest Density Dwarf Galaxies
Authors: Khan Fazeel Mahmood , Javed Fiza , Holley-Bockelmann Kelly , Mayer Lucio , Berczik Peter , Macciò Andrea V. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Intermediate-mass black hole (IMBH) mergers with masses 104–106
M
⊙ are expected to produce gravitational waves detectable by the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) with high signal-to-noise ratios from the present day to cosmic dawn. IMBH mergers are expected to take place within dwarf galaxies; however, the dynamics, timescales, and effect on their hosts are largely unexplored. In a previous study, we examined how IMBHs would pair and merge within nucleated dwarf galaxies. IMBHs in nucleated hosts evolve very efficiently, forming a binary system and coalescing within a few hundred million years. Although the fraction of dwarf galaxies (107
M
⊙ ≤ M
⋆ ≤ 1010
M
⊙) hosting nuclear star clusters is between 60% and 100%, this fraction drops to 20%–70% for lower-mass dwarfs (M
⋆ ≈ 107
M
⊙), with the largest drop in low-density environments. Here, we extend our previous study by performing direct N-body simulations to explore the dynamics and evolution of IMBHs within nonnucleated dwarf galaxies, under the assumption that IMBHs exist within these dwarfs. To our surprise, none of the IMBHs in our simulation suite merge within a Hubble time, despite many attaining high eccentricities e ∼ 0.7–0.95. We conclude that extremely low stellar density environments in the centers of nonnucleated dwarfs do not provide an ample supply of stars to interact with an IMBH binary, resulting in its stalling, in spite of triaxiality and high eccentricity, common means to drive a binary to coalescence. Our findings underline the importance of considering all detailed host properties to predict IMBH merger rates for LISA.
Constraints on Acoustic Wave Energy Fluxes and Radiative Losses in the Solar Chromosphere from Non-LTE Inversions
Authors: da Silva Santos J. M. , Molnar M. , Milić I. , Rempel M. , Reardon K. , de la Cruz Rodríguez J. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Accurately assessing the balance between acoustic wave energy fluxes and radiative losses is critical for understanding how the solar chromosphere is thermally regulated. We investigate the energy balance in the chromosphere by comparing deposited acoustic flux and radiative losses under quiet and active solar conditions using non–local thermodynamic equilibrium inversions with the Stockholm Inversion Code. To achieve this, we utilize spectroscopic observations from the Interferometric BIdimensional Spectrometer in the Na i 5896 Å and Ca ii 8542 Å lines and from the Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph in the Mg ii h and k lines to self-consistently derive spatially resolved velocity power spectra and cooling rates across different heights in the atmosphere. Additionally, we use snapshots of a three-dimensional radiative magnetohydrodynamics simulation to investigate the systematic effects of the inversion approach, particularly the effect of attenuation on the velocity power spectra and the determination of the cooling rates. The results indicate that inversions potentially underestimate acoustic fluxes at all chromospheric heights while slightly overestimating the radiative losses when fitting these spectral lines. However, even after accounting for these biases, the ratio of acoustic flux to radiative losses remains below unity in most observed regions, particularly in the higher layers of the chromosphere. We also observe a correlation between the magnetic field inclination in the photosphere and radiative losses in the low chromosphere in plage, which is evidence that the field topology plays a role in the chromospheric losses.
Accelerated Structure Formation: The Early Emergence of Massive Galaxies and Clusters of Galaxies
Authors: McGaugh Stacy S. , Schombert James M. , Lelli Federico , Franck Jay 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Galaxies in the early Universe appear to have grown too big too fast, assembling into massive, monolithic objects more rapidly than anticipated in the hierarchical Lambda cold dark matter (ΛCDM) structure formation paradigm. The available photometric data are consistent with there being a population of massive galaxies that form early (z ≳ 10) and quench rapidly over a short (≲1 Gyr) timescale, consistent with the traditional picture for the evolution of giant elliptical galaxies. Similarly, kinematic observations as a function of redshift show that massive spirals and their scaling relations were in place at early times. Explaining the early emergence of massive galaxies requires either an extremely efficient conversion of baryons into stars at z > 10 or a more rapid assembly of baryons than anticipated in ΛCDM. The latter possibility was explicitly predicted in advance by modified Newtonian dynamics (MOND). We discuss some further predictions of MOND, such as the early emergence of clusters of galaxies and early reionization.
The MOST Hosts Survey: Spectroscopic Observation of the Host Galaxies of ∼40,000 Transients Using DESI
Authors: Soumagnac Maayane T. , Nugent Peter , Knop Robert A. , Ho Anna Y. Q. , Hohensee William , Awbrey Autumn , Andersen Alexis , Aldering Greg , Ventura Matan , Aguilar Jessica N. , Ahlen Steven , Benzvi Segev Y. , Brooks David , Brout Dillon , Claybaugh Todd , Davis Tamara M. , Dawson Kyle , de la Macorra Axel , Dey Arjun , Dey Biprateep , Doel Peter , Douglass Kelly A. , Forero-Romero Jaime E. , Gaztañaga Enrique , Gontcho A Gontcho Satya , Graur Or , Guy Julien , Hahn ChangHoon , Honscheid Klaus , Howlett Cullan , Kim Alex G. , Kisner Theodore , Kremin Anthony , Lambert Andrew , Landriau Martin , Lang Dustin , Le Guillou Laurent , Manera Marc , Meisner Aaron , Miquel Ramon , Moustakas John , Myers Adam D. , Nie Jundan , Palmese Antonella , Parkinson David , Poppett Claire , Prada Francisco , Qin Fei , Rezaie Mehdi , Rossi Graziano , Sanchez Eusebio , Schlegel David J. , Schubnell Michael , Silber Joseph H. , Tarlé Gregory , Weaver Benjamin A. , Zhou Zhimin 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
We present the Multi-Object Spectroscopy of Transient (MOST) Hosts survey. The survey is planned to run throughout the 5 yr of operation of the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) and will generate a spectroscopic catalog of the hosts of most transients observed to date, in particular all the supernovae observed by most public, untargeted, wide-field, optical surveys (Palomar Transient Factory, PTF/intermediate PTF, Sloan Digital Sky Survey II, Zwicky Transient Facility, DECAT, DESIRT). Science cases for the MOST Hosts survey include Type Ia supernova cosmology, fundamental plane and peculiar velocity measurements, and the understanding of the correlations between transients and their host-galaxy properties. Here we present the first release of the MOST Hosts survey: 21,931 hosts of 20,235 transients. These numbers represent 36% of the final MOST Hosts sample, consisting of 60,212 potential host galaxies of 38,603 transients (a transient can be assigned multiple potential hosts). Of all the transients in the MOST Hosts list, only 26.7% have existing classifications, and so the survey will provide redshifts (and luminosities) for nearly 30,000 transients. A preliminary Hubble diagram and a transient luminosity–duration diagram are shown as examples of future potential uses of the MOST Hosts survey. The survey will also provide a training sample of spectroscopically observed transients for classifiers relying only on photometry, as we enter an era when most newly observed transients will lack spectroscopic classification. The MOST Hosts DESI survey data will be released on a rolling cadence and updated to match the DESI releases. Dates of future releases and updates are available through the https://mosthosts.desi.lbl.gov website.
Status of Redband Trout and nonnative trout in the Wood River Basin, Idaho
Authors: Vincent Jennifer L. , Meyer Kevin A. , Peterson Michael P. , Campbell Matthew R. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The Wood River Basin in central Idaho has been isolated from the surrounding Snake River Basin by Malad Gorge Falls for at least 50,000 years, and recent genetic analyses suggest that Redband Trout Oncorhynchus mykiss gairdneri in the basin represent a previously undescribed lineage. To assess their contemporary status, we electrofished 22 study reaches in 2021–2022 previously occupied by Redband Trout when originally surveyed in 2003. Our objective was to assess changes in the occurrence and density of Redband Trout, Brook Trout Salvelinus fontinalis, and Brown Trout Salmo trutta. In 2021–2022, Redband Trout were absent in five of the 22 originally occupied reaches with Brook Trout as the only salmonid species present at all extirpated reaches. Brook Trout have now been extirpated from two reaches previously occupied with Redband Trout as the only salmonid species present at both reaches. Brown Trout colonized one new reach since 2003 and are now present at all study reaches (n = 3) which exceed 10 m average stream wetted width. Average fish density increased from 2003 to 2021–2022 across all study reaches for total trout (all species combined) and at nearly all study reaches for each individual trout species. Changes in Redband Trout density were unrelated to changes in nonnative trout density. On average, Redband Trout composition (of all trout at each reach) across all study reaches decreased by 13% whereas Brook Trout and Brown Trout increased by 8% and 4%, respectively, from 2003 to 2021–2022. Nevertheless, Brook Trout are increasingly present in headwater streams, whereas Brown Trout occupy larger, lower elevation rivers, potentially threatening the long-term conservation of Redband Trout in the Wood River Basin. Although additional data is warranted to more thoroughly understand the distribution of trout, these preliminary results suggest that management activities may be necessary to control the further spread of nonnative salmonids in the basin.
Pour une géographie laitière de l’amont : une contribution par la traite robotisée
Authors: Martin Théo 
Published: November 2024

La traite robotisée des vaches laitières connaît un développement soutenu depuis le début des années 2000 et représente aujourd’hui 19 % des machines à traite au sein des exploitations françaises. Malgré cet essor, la dynamique spatiale du développement du marché de la traite robotisée n’a jusqu’à présent pas été étudiée. En s’appuyant sur des entretiens avec des distributeurs et des concessionnaires de robots de traite ainsi que des éleveurs, cet article analyse la contribution de la traite robotisée à la fabrique des espaces productifs laitiers. Entre géographie rurale et géographie de firmes, il révèle non seulement comment les concessionnaires s’adaptent à la diversité spatiale de la production laitière, mais aussi comment ils la façonnent à travers des stratégies de construction d’un réseau de distribution des robots de traite.
Utopian Impulse in Revolutionary Ireland: A Case Study of the 1918-1923 Irish Soviets
Authors: Coquelin Olivier 
Published: November 2024

Although the socioeconomic dimension of the Irish Revolution has received academic recognition for several decades, many historians have nonetheless tended to downplay its historical significance, despite the large scale of social unrest and the emergence of an alternative organisational method, dubbed “soviet” after the council movement that sprang up in the 1917 Russian Revolution. In order to somewhat qualify the relevance of such an approach, the present article seeks to determine the extent to which the resort to the self-managed soviets was the expression of what Ernst Bloch defined as a “utopian impulse”, how the latter impacted the Irish revolutionary movement, and why it eventually died out, thus contributing to the establishment of a conservative state in independent Ireland.
Radiation-induced Ovarian Ablation and Survival in Breast Cancer: A Single-Institutional Evaluation
Authors: Wani Shaqul Qamar , Khan Talib , Wani Saiful Yamin , Farhat Deeba , Rafiq Liza , Dar Nazir Ahmad , Nasreen Shahida , Sofi Mushtaq Ahmad , Fatima Kaneez , Andleeb Asifa 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Radiation-induced ovarian ablation (ROA) was one of the main modalities in the early years in inducing suppression of hormone levels of estradiol (E2) and follicle-stimulating hormones (FSHs) in estrogen receptor/progesterone receptor-positive breast cancer patients. However, as newer techniques such as medical ovarian suppression (MOS) and laparoscopic oophorectomies (LOs) emerged, ROA began to take a back seat. Nonetheless, ROA remains a valuable option for certain patients with specific indications. It is worth noting that ROA is still as effective as MOS and LO in achieving desired hormonal suppression levels.

Materials and Methods:
After receiving approval from the institutional ethics committee, we enrolled 41 female breast cancer patients who were scheduled for ROA at our institute between 2016 and 2018. Two patients declined to participate and were, therefore, excluded from the final analysis. Patients were evaluated for pre- and postradiation hormone levels, specifically E2 and FSH, cessation of menstrual periods, radiation-induced toxicity, disease-free survival (DFS), overall survival (OS), and the clinical profile as well.

Results:
Among 39 patients, 89.74% (n = 35) achieved postmenopausal hormone levels after ROA. Only 17.94% (n = 7) patients were menstruating before radiation exposure to the pelvis (postchemotherapy) and among these, 3 patients (42.85%) attained amenorrhea after ROA. The mean age of patients was 42 years, and the most common stage at presentation was Stage III (n = 15) 38.5%. Her2 positivity was seen in (n = 11) 28.2%. Breast conservation surgery was done in 64.1% (n = 25) and mastectomy was done in 23.1% (n = 9). About 71.7% (n = 28) have received tamoxifen, 43.5% (n = 17) were on letrozole, and 17.9% (n = 7) have received trastuzumab. None had shown any Grade 3 or 4 acute skin toxicity during treatment and late radiation-induced complications during their follow-up. The mean 5-year DFS was 62.2% and the mean 5-year OS was 59%.

Conclusion:
ROA is not widely used anymore due to its irreversible nature, and there are now reversible and noninvasive methods for ovarian suppression. Observing the effectiveness of ROA, it may still be an option for a selective group of breast cancer patients especially those who have contraindications for MOS or are willing for a short course of treatment.
A note on the space of all Toeplitz operators
Authors: Jasiczak Michał 
Published: November 2024

AbstractWe study Toeplitz operators on the space of all real analytic functions on the real line and the space of all holomorphic functions on finitely connected domains in the complex plane. In both cases, we show that the space of all Toeplitz operators is isomorphic, when equipped with the topology of uniform convergence on bounded sets, with the symbol algebra. This is surprising in view of our previous results, since we showed that the symbol map is not continuous in this topology on the algebra generated by all Toeplitz operators. We also show that in the case of the Fréchet space of all holomorphic functions on a finitely connected domain in the complex plane, the commutator ideal is dense in the algebra generated by all Toeplitz operators in the topology of uniform convergence on bounded sets.
Evidence of SARS-CoV-2 Spread in Rural Tanzania During the First 6 Months of the Global COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Chhetri Srijana B. , Nance Daniel , Loya Mwajabu , Cornaby Caleb , Markmann Alena J. , Schmitz John L. , Lin Jessica T. , Ngasala Billy 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT.
In the first 6 months of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, limited testing clouded understanding of the extent of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) transmission in Africa. In particular, Tanzania halted all testing and reporting of SARS-CoV-2 cases after May 2020, not resuming until June 2021. In July–August 2020, we performed a seroprevalence survey in rural Bagamoyo district, 40 km outside Dar es Salaam. Among 347 asymptomatic children and adults, 64/347 (18.0%) demonstrated seroreactivity to SARS-CoV-2 spike receptor binding domain by ELISA. Given significant antibody cross-reactivity in malaria-endemic regions, seropositivity was additionally confirmed via a multitarget Luminex immunoassay. Thirty-seven, or 58% of initially seroreactive persons, were Luminex positive, leading to an estimated SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence of 10.7% (37/347, 95% CI 7.6–14.4%). Working in health care appeared to be associated with seropositivity. Reporting of viral symptoms or health care–seeking behavior in the previous 3 months was not more frequent in seropositive individuals.
Epstein-Barr Virus in the RIVERA Case-Control Study of Acute Febrile Illness: Acute Mononucleosis Nearly Absent as an Etiology in the Peruvian Amazon
Authors: Flynn Thomas G. , Paredes Olortegui Maribel , Garcia Bardales Paul F. , Schiaffino Francesca , Pinedo Vasquez Tackeshy N. , Shapiama López Wagner V. , Peñataro Yori Pablo , Ramal Asayag César J. , Meza Sánchez Graciela R. , Colston Josh M. , Kosek Margaret N. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT.
Large diagnostic panels allow for pathogens with high or low likelihood of causing attributable illness to be tested simultaneously. Infectious mononucleosis (IM) due to primary infection with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a common cause of acute febrile illness (AFI) in case series from high-income countries, though its contribution to AFI in tropical low-income settings is unclear. As part of a case-control study using multiplex quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) diagnostics, we set out to determine if primary EBV infection was an underrecognized cause of AFI in the Peruvian Amazon. Presence of EBV DNA in whole-blood samples was equally prevalent among febrile cases and afebrile controls (34.6% [247/714] versus 35.7% [248/695]) and was not correlated with classic IM symptoms. Given the clear lack of clinical significance of the whole-blood PCR results, additional testing was pursued to ascertain the true prevalence of IM among cases of AFI in this population. The presence of EBV DNA in plasma, a marker of active EBV-related processes, was detected in 7% (5/68). Anti–EBNA-1 IgG, a late marker of prior infection, was tested via ELISA and detected in 4/5 of the plasma-positive patients, thereby excluding an acute primary EBV infection in all but one patient. Infectious mononucleosis due to primary infection with EBV was not an important etiology of AFI in the Peruvian Amazon, despite high rates of initial test positivity.
Plasmodium cynomolgi Infections Not Found in Microscopy-Diagnosed Malaria Cases across Sabah, Malaysia
Authors: Murdiyarso Lydia S. , Rajahram Giri S. , Tan Angelica F. , Piera Kim A. , William Timothy , Oyong Damian A. , Sakam Sitti Saimah Binti , Jelip Jenarun , Dony Jiloris , Jantim Anisah , Teo Roddy , Manah Abdul Marsudi , Barber Bridget E. , Anstey Nicholas M. , Grigg Matthew J. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT.
Zoonotic malaria presents a major public health challenge in Southeast Asia. Plasmodium cynomolgi coinfects the same macaque hosts and mosquito vectors as the most common cause of zoonotic malaria, Plasmodium knowlesi. Plasmodium cynomolgi appears morphologically similar to Plasmodium vivax on microscopy and can amplify P. vivax polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays, confounding transmission estimates. We screened 2,103 samples for P. cynomolgi across all 26 districts in Sabah, Malaysia, from 2010 to 2021. Samples comprised 1,425 P. knowlesi, 256 P. vivax, 293 P. falciparum, and 31 Plasmodium malariae PCR-confirmed malaria cases and 100 malaria microscopy-positive and species-specific PCR-negative samples. A nested PCR assay targeting P. cynomolgi-specific 18S small subunit ribosomal ribonucleic acid with a detection limit of ∼2 parasites/µL was conducted on whole blood samples. No P. cynomolgi infections were detected. Symptomatic P. cynomolgi co-infections appear rare in Malaysia, although prevalence may be underestimated owing to the absence of routine molecular screening and the sensitivity of available assays.