bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PROBLEMATIKA PENALARAN CHATGPT DALAM MENYELESAIKAN SOAL KOMBINATORIKA [THE PROBLEMATIC REASONING OF CHATGPT IN SOLVING COMBINATORICS PROBLEMS]
Authors: Rofiki Imam , Dewi Aulia Rahma 
Published: December 2024

The development of the digital era in the 21st century has brought significant changes in various aspects of human life, especially education. Technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI) have been applied in various fields, including education, to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of learning. ChatGPT, one of the text-based AI models, is used to answer various user questions. This study aims to analyze ChatGPT's problematic reasoning in solving combinatorics problems. The research method used is qualitative with a case study design. Data were collected through a test and interview (questions and answers) to ChatGPT version 3.5. The results showed that ChatGPT's problems were errors in calculating the number and position of letters, as well as inconsistency in the answers given. Although ChatGPT can provide explanations of basic concepts in combinatorics, ChatGPT has limitations in in-depth reasoning and lacks precise calculation accuracy. In fact, ChatGPT was unable to answer the questions clearly. This shows that ChatGPT lacks reasoning towards solving combinatorics problems. Users need to evaluate and verify the responses/answers given by ChatGPT.BAHASA INDONESIA ABSTRACT: Perkembangan era digital pada abad ke-21 telah membawa perubahan signifikan dalam berbagai aspek kehidupan manusia, khususnya bidang pendidikan. Teknologi seperti kecerdasan buatan/artificial intelligence (AI) telah diterapkan dalam berbagai bidang, termasuk pendidikan, untuk meningkatkan efisiensi dan efektivitas pembelajaran. ChatGPT, sebagai salah satu model AI berbasis teks, digunakan untuk menjawab berbagai pertanyaan pengguna. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis problematika penalaran ChatGPT dalam menyelesaikan soal-soal kombinatorika. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan desain studi kasus. Data dikumpulkan melalui tes dan wawancara (tanya jawab) terhadap ChatGPT versi 3.5. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa problematika ChatGPT adalah kesalahan dalam perhitungan jumlah dan posisi huruf, serta ketidakonsistenan dalam jawaban yang diberikan. Meskipun, ChatGPT mampu memberikan penjelasan konsep dasar dalam kombinatorika, tetapi ChatGPT memiliki keterbatasan dalam penalaran mendalam dan tidak memiliki akurasi perhitungan yang tepat. Bahkan ChatGPT tidak dapat menjawab soal yang diberikan secara jelas. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa ChatGPT memiliki penalaran yang kurang terhadap penyelesaian soal kombinatorika. Pengguna perlu untuk melakukan evaluasi dan verifikasi respons/jawaban yang diberikan oleh ChatGPT.
Regeneration of in vitro plants through direct and indirect organogenesis from Dracocephalum rupestre leaf explants
Authors: Wang Jia li , Yue Kang jie , Liu Hui xin , Tian Xuping 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Leaf explants of Dracocephalum rupestre were utilized for regeneration employing direct and indirect differentiation pathways. Results revealed that the direct regeneration medium for leaf explants consisted of MS + 2 mg/l 6-BA + 0.1 mg/l KT + 0.05 mg/l NAA, yielding a differentiation rate of 63.46%. The induction medium for callus was composed of MS + 2 mg/l 6-BA + 0.1 mg/l 2,4-D + 0.5 mg/l IAA, resulting in an induction rate of 86.73%. For the differentiation of adventitious buds, the medium included MS + 2 mg/l 6-BA + 2 mg/l TDZ + 0.05 mg/l IAA, with a differentiation rate of 53.48%. The proliferation medium for adventitious buds generated through both pathways, comprised MS + 2 mg/l 6-BA + 0.05 mg/l NAA, with proliferation rates of 83.57% and 87.41%, respectively. The rooting medium suitable for both methods was 1/2MS + 0.1 mg/l NAA + 0.1 mg/l IBA, resulting in rooting rates of 83.69% and 79.15%, respectively. Comparatively, the direct differentiation pathway proved to be more efficient and time-saving, with leaf explants requiring 30 days less for regeneration compared with the indirect pathway. This study provides theoretical and technical support for subsequent genetic transformation research of Dracocephalum rupestre.
Predictors of Transmural Lesion in High Power Short Duration Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation Guided by Local Impedance
Authors: Siow Yoon Kee , Chang Shih-Lin , Chung Fa-Po , Lin Yenn-Jiang , Lo Li-Wei , Hu Yu-Feng , Tuan Ta-Chuan , Chao Tze-Fan , Liao Jo-Nan , Lin Chin-Yu , Chang Ting-Yung , Kuo Ling , Bautista Jose Antonio L. , Wu Cheng-I , Liu Chih-Min , Liu Shin-Huei , Li Guan-Yi , Wu Shang-Ju , Huang Yu-Shan , Nguyen Dinh Son Ngoc , Cao Dat Tran , Chen Shih-Ann 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background:
The impact of local impedance (LI) drop in high power short duration (HPSD) for atrial fibrillation (AF) remains unclear.
Objective:
This study aimed to assess the parameters predicting transmural lesions.
Method:
Thirty patients (76.7% male, mean 59.6±10.0 years old) with AF who underwent radiofrequency ablation were enrolled. Ablation lesions of pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) were created by HPSD (50W, ≤15s and LI drop ≤30%). Successful and non-successful lesions were defined by electrogram criteria. Absolute and percentage LI drop of ablation lesions were recorded.
Results:
Of 210 ablation lesions included, 67.6% (n=142) were successful lesions. The mean percentage and absolute LI drop were higher in successful than in non-successful lesions (19.7±4.6% vs. 15.1±3.1%, p<0.001; 33.8±9.8Ω vs. 24.0±5.7Ω, p<0.001). To create successful lesions, higher absolute LI drop was required in the right than in the left PV antrum (35.5±10.0Ω vs. 31.8±9.2Ω, p=0.032), while higher percentage and absolute LI drop were required in the anterior than in the posterior PV antrum (20.8±4.9% vs. 18.3±3.8%, p=0.002; 35.6±10.2Ω vs. 31.4±8.6Ω, p=0.008). Among 142 successful lesions, the higher initial LI group (>190 Ω) had a higher mean percentage and absolute LI drop, and shorter mean duration of ablation compared with lower initial LI groups (<150Ω, 150Ω-170Ω, 170Ω-190Ω). The cut-off values of percentage and absolute LI drop were 16.2% and 26.5Ω, respectively, to predict the successful lesions.
Conclusion:
In successful lesion of PVI, initial LI was associated with LI drop and duration of ablation. The LI could predict transmural lesions and guide HPSD ablation.
Application of Wall Functions for Investigating Surface Roughness Effects on Spreading of an Impacting Droplet
Authors: Cetiner Arda , Budakli Mete 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

The spreading dynamics of droplet impact on a solid surface is of great importance in applications such as printing, spray cooling, coating process and anti-icing. These phenomena have been studied in several investigations and aspects such as the effect of critical weber number on droplet break-up or the air bubble entrainment phenomenon as well as the influence of surface roughness. While experimental studies using surface roughness values ranging from $R_a = 0.003 \mu m$ to $25 \mu m$ were conducted, a few analytical approaches are available taking into account roughness effects in correlations. Contrary to this, considering roughness physically in simulations requires large calculation capability, time for geometry preparation as well as the reconstruction of varying topographical combinations is rather difficult and needs to be elaborated broadly. Therefore, the present study recommends a time-saving approach in OpenFOAM in which surface roughness is not represented physically in the domain, rather taken into account in a wall function term. The results of the study are in good agreement of $\pm10\%$ with the experimental data and mathematical models found in literature. Single drop impact simulations were carried out over a range of Weber number from 106 to 298 indicate that as \emph{We} number increases, the effect of the surface roughness on the spreading process diminishes.
Comparison of sensory - motor and virtual reality interventions on indicators of gait, balance and quality of life of MS patients: a randomized trial
Authors: asghari seyed hadi , Ilbeigi saeed , Ahmadi Mohsen Mohammadnia , Yousefi Mohammad , Mirzaei Mohammad Mousavi 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Introduction Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neurological disorder that affects the central nervous system, causing inflammation and damage to the myelin sheath, leading to balance and gait impairments. Sensory-motor (SN) and virtual reality (VR) interventions have shown promise in addressing these balance issues by engaging all three components of the balance control systems. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of SN and VR training on the functional status and quality of life of MS patients. Methods In this study, 36 MS patients receiving Rituximab therapy with an EDSS of 2 to 6 were randomly assigned to three groups: SN (n = 10), VR (n = 8) and a control group (n = 10). The SN and VR groups underwent 8 weeks of intervention, with 3 sessions per week, while the control group continued routine care. Assessments using Timed Up and Go (TUG), Timed 25-Foot Walk (T25FW), Multiple Sclerosis Quality of Life 54 Instrument (MSQOL54), and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) were conducted at baseline and after eight weeks. Results Considerable progress was made in all major and secondary variables after SN and VR training in comparison to the baseline settings. Furthermore, compared to the control group, the experimental groups showed a statistically significant improvement in both the primary and secondary outcomes. There were no significant differences in other variables between the SN and VR groups in the comparison of the experimental groups, with the exception of the PSQI, which showed significant changes in favor of the SN group. Conclusions The VR with a head-mounted display (HMD) serves as a motivational training tool, while SN training is an affordable and accessible technique. Both interventions can positively impact the functional status of MS patients by improving balance and gait through their task-oriented, dual-task, and multisensory nature.
Quality of Life and Sleep Disturbances in Afghanistan: A Large Cross- Sectional Survey Study
Authors: Neyazi Ahmad , Rahimi Bilal Ahmad , Mohammadi Abdul Qadim , Arsin Parwin , Afzali Habibah , Neyazi Mehrab , Hosaini Sayed Farooq , Sifat Sifatullah , Daulati Mohammad Naeem , Qanawezi Laila , Sarem Shararah 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background Sleep and quality of life are closely related to one another in patients as well as in the general population of all age groups. Main objective of this study was to study the prevalence and relationship between sleep disturbance and quality of life among adults in different provinces of Afghanistan.Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted from September 5, 2023 to February 10, 2024 among 1380 adult participants (age range 18–80 years) of eight provinces in southern, western, and northern regions of Afghanistan. Quality of life was evaluated with 26-item Dari version of the World Health Organization's Quality of Life–Bref (WHOQOL-Bref 26) while quality of sleep was assessed with Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). For data analysis, descriptive statistics, chi-square test, and multiple regression analysis were used.Results Among the 1380 study participants, 68.9% were females, 62.1% were in age group 18–29 years, and 69.1% had experienced a bad event in the past month. Sleep disturbance was present in 50.7% (700/1380) people with mean PSQI global score of 6.13 which showed poor sleep quality among the study participants. In physical, psychological, social relationship, and environmental domains of quality of life, 19.1%, 27.6%, 22.6%, and 26.2% of the study participants had low quality of life. Based on participants’ quality of life, statistically significant sleep disturbance was observed among study participants who had poor quality of life, were very dissatisfied from their health, had high physical domain, high psychological domain, high social relationship domain, and high environment domain. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that main factors associated with increased sleep disturbance among the study participants were age group 30–80 years (p-value 0.001), widowed or divorced (p-value 0.003), people with low family income (p-value < 0.001), and those who had experienced a bad event in the past month (p-value 0.001).Conclusion The findings of this study indicate that poor sleep quality is highly prevalent among the general population in Afghanistan, adversely impacting their quality of life. Future research on quality of life should account for sleep quality as a contributing factor. Additionally, well-designed prospective studies examining the correlation between PSQI scores and quality of life could facilitate the development of effective interventions aimed at enhancing quality of life.
PPARγ Promotes Urothelial Remodeling During Urinary Tract Obstruction
Authors: Jackson Ashley , El-Harakeh Mohammad , Rodriguez-Tirado Felipe , Miehls Alexa , Hardman Andrew , Camara Oumoulkhairy , Grounds Kelly , Tocaj Glenis , Kercsmar Macie , Li Birong , Wang Xin , Becknell Brian 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Urinary tract obstruction (UTO) is a common cause of kidney injury that can result in chronic kidney disease and end-stage renal disease. Heterogeneity in the extent of obstructive renal damage in humans with UTO implies the existence of unknown mechanisms that protect against or accelerate kidney injury. Prior studies show that congenital and acquired UTO initiate a conserved, protective program of renal urothelium remodeling that culminates in expansion of uroplakin (UPK)+ cells to promote renal structural integrity. However, the cellular and molecular mechanisms that regulate UPK expression in the renal urothelium are unknown. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) drives urothelial differentiation and UPK expression in other tissues but has not been investigated in the renal urothelium. Here, we demonstrate that activation of PPARγ in UPK+ cells is critical for UTO-induced renal urothelium remodeling. Conditional deletion of PPARγ perturbs UPK expression and accelerates parenchymal thinning during UTO, while conditional activation of PPARγ increases UPK expression and results in parenchymal preservation. This study underscores the significance of renal urothelium during UTO and shows that UTO-induced renal urothelial remodeling is achieved through activation of PPARγ. These findings form the foundation for future studies that will determine the therapeutic utility of PPARγ agonists during congenital and acquired UTO.
Transoral Endoscopic Thyroidectomy Vestibular Approach:Analysis of the Learning Curve and Clinical Outcomes Evaluation
Authors: Deng Yuhang , Zhao Jiaojiao , Tao Mei , Zhao Haixin , Fan Ruoxin , Wang Xiaoming , Lu Xiubo 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Transoral endoscopic thyroidectomy vestibular approach (TOETVA) has the advantage of completely scarless on the body surface. Currently, there is still a lack of single-center large sample size analysis on the learning curve of TOETVA, especially for the treatment of thyroid cancer. This study from Zhengzhou University's First Affiliated Hospital analyzed 195 cases of TOETVA from June 2020 to June 2023 to assess the learning curve for this scarless thyroid surgery technique, particularly in thyroid cancer treatment. Using the CUSUM method, two learning phases were identified: exploration (58 cases) and maturation (137 cases). Results showed that the maturation phase had significantly shorter operation times, less bleeding, and fewer complications compared to the exploration phase. The study concludes that TOETVA is safe and feasible, capable of successfully completing complex cases after mastering the learning curve.
Clinical feature and patient-report outcome of nipple-sparing mastectomy with immediate breast reconstruction: a eighteen-year cohort study
Authors: Ding Bowen , Wang Jie , He Shanshan , Huang Qingfeng , Yin Jian 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background
Nipple-sparing mastectomy (NSM) has become increasingly common for breast cancer patients in China. There are limited data on its long-term clinical oncology and patient satisfaction. The objective of this study was to confirm the safety of clinical oncology and evaluate patient satisfaction with nipple-sparing mastectomy (NSM) with immediate breast reconstruction (IBR).
Methods
We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of patients who underwent NSM followed by immediate breast reconstruction in our department. Clinicopathological data and follow-up information were collected and analyzed to evaluate the safety of NSM with immediate breast reconstruction. The BREAST-Q questionnaire was used to assess patient-reported outcomes.
Results
A total of 610 patients, including 624 with reconstructed breasts, were included in the study. Our results revealed that factors such as age > 42 years, BMI > 24 kg/m2, periareolar incisions, reconstruction with implants and acellular dermal matrix (ADM) with or without serratus anterior were independent risk factors for short-term complications after NSM with IBR. We utilized a column chart and calibration curve to illustrate the factors affecting the occurrence of short-term postoperative complications. The overall survival (OS) of all patients was 98.7%, and nipple‒areolar complex (NAC) recurrence did not impair patient survival. The 10-year survival rate and distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS) rate of the 4 patients who experienced NAC recurrence were 100%. The 10-year OS for patients without NAC recurrence was 96.0% (p > 0.05), and the DMFS rate was 89.4% (p > 0.05). Most patients were satisfied with the aesthetic outcome (> 90%), and nipple sensation was reported in 41.0% of patients, 8.3% of whom had normal sensation.
Conclusion
NSM with immediate breast reconstruction yields favorable aesthetic outcomes, high patient satisfaction, and reliable oncological safety.
Comparison of Accuracy Between Two Novel Portable Navigation Systems with Distinct Registration Methods for Lateral Decubitus Total Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: Uchihara Yoshinobu , Saito Kenichiro , Okamoto Masakazu , Sugimoto Hironori , Ando Yushi , Yano Yudai , Miura Yusuke , Inagaki Yusuke , Tanaka Yasuhito 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Accurate cup placement is critical for ensuring satisfactory outcomes following total hip arthroplasty (THA). This study compared the accuracy of two new-generation computed tomography-free, imageless, and portable navigation systems, Navbit Sprint and Naviswiss, in the lateral decubitus position. A retrospective review of 145 patients who underwent primary THA between November 2020 and April 2024 was conducted, with 84 patients in the Navbit Sprint group and 61 patients in the Naviswiss group. The mean absolute navigation error for radiographic inclination (RI) was 3.5 ± 2.3° for Navbit Sprint and 2.5 ± 2.1° for Naviswiss, with a significant difference favouring Naviswiss (P = 0.0061). For radiographic anteversion (RA), the mean absolute navigation error was 4.3 ± 3.7° for Navbit Sprint and 3.2 ± 2.6° for Naviswiss, with no significant difference (P = 0.06). The percentage of RI outliers with an absolute navigation error > 5° was significantly higher in the Navbit Sprint group (20%) compared to the Naviswiss group (4.9%), while no significant differences were observed for RA outliers. Both systems demonstrated high accuracy; however, Naviswiss showed superior precision in RI, suggesting that the anatomical landmark registration method is more reliable than the table tilt method employed by Navbit Sprint.
Assessment the Knowledge of Thirdhand Smoke Awareness in Turkey: A Call to Action for Family Physicians
Authors: Aydemir Hacı Ahmet , Aydemir Seda 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Objective
Thirdhand smoke (THS) refers to contaminants in cigarette smoke that contaminate surfaces and continue to be released for a long time. This period may extend up to 6 months. THS adversely affects human health. In this study, we aimed to investigate the level of knowledge and awareness of THS among individuals who applied to a family medicine unit.
Method
The study, which was a cross-sectional study, included individuals over the age of 18 who registered with a family medicine unit between October and December 2023. The questionnaire form, which was created using Google Forms, asked individuals to provide demographic information and complete questions from the Beliefs About Third-Hand Smoking (BATHS-T) scale. The questionnaire form was read to the individuals face-to-face by the clinician. Some individuals were asked to complete the questionnaire themselves in the virtual environment by reading the generated QR code.
Results
A total of 998 participants were included in the study; the mean age was 34.3 ± 11.2 years, 75.3% (n = 751) were female, 80.2% (n = 800) were married, and 19.8% (n = 198) had chronic diseases. A total of 26.9% (n = 268) of the participants were smokers. Only 15.2% (n = 152) of the participants were aware of the harms of thirdhand smoke. The awareness of female participants, nonsmokers, those who had information about thirdhand smoke, and those who cared whether there was smoking when while buying a car or staying at a hotel was significantly greater (p < 0.05). On the other hand, no significant difference was found in the answers given by the participants according to the amount of daily cigarette use, duration of smoking, reason for starting smoking, or smoking status as soon as they woke up in the morning (p > 0.05).
Conclusion
In this study, THS awareness levels were found to be quite low. Family physicians who have a preventive medicine mission have a great duty to increase this awareness.
Gut microbiota composition is related to anxiety and aggression scores in companion dogs
Authors: Pellowe Sarita D. , Zhang Allan , Bignell Dawn R. D. , Peña-Castillo Lourdes , Walsh Carolyn J. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

There is mounting evidence for a link between behaviour and the gut microbiome in animal and human health. However, the role of the gut microbiome in the development and severity of behavioural issues in companion dogs is not yet fully understood. Here, we investigated the relationship between gut microbiota composition and aggression or anxiety in pet dogs. Dogs were assigned to higher or lower anxiety and aggression groups based on their owner’s responses to the Canine Behavioral Assessment & Research Questionnaire (C-BARQ). Then, the gut microbiota composition of each animal, sequenced from microbial DNA extracted from fecal samples, was assessed for association with the dog’s assigned behavioural group using multiple approaches. While minimal differences in relative abundance were seen between behavioural groups, machine-learning and compositional balance models could predict behavioural group based on gut microbiota composition. The genus Blautia was identified consistently across analyses, suggesting a link between this genus and anxiety in pet dogs. This study provides insight into specific bacteria that are linked to increased anxiety and aggression in pet dogs. Further research is required to identify bacteria to the species level, and to better understand the specific role of Blautia in the canine gut-brain axis.