bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sericin‐coated polymeric microfiltration membrane for removal of drug‐based micropollutants
Authors: Verma Vishal Kumar , Subbiah Senthilmurugan 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDDrug‐based micropollutants present in water sources are proven to be persistent, bioactive and toxic even at low concentration for human consumption. Therefore, the complete removal of the drugs from water is crucial to avoid long‐term medical complications. In the present study, a novel sericin‐coated adsorptive microfiltration (MF) membrane is used for the removal of drug‐based micropollutants.RESULTSThe sericin‐coated membrane was tested for removal of different classes of drugs from water. The membrane completely removed NSAIDs and antibiotics from water at 20 μg L−1 concentration. The adsorption mechanism was profoundly influenced by charge‐based interaction and hydrogen bonding, hence charged anionic drugs were more effectively removed than uncharged drugs. In multidrug mixtures, the removal efficiency was observed in the following sequence; ibuprofen > diclofenac > amoxicillin > ciprofloxacin > estrone > β‐estradiol. Desorption of the drugs from the membrane surface can be effectively controlled by altering the pH of the membrane‐cleaning solution. Presence of other inorganic salts in the aqueous drug solution did not interfere with the removal efficiency of the sericin‐coated membrane. The performance of sericin‐coated membrane was studied using continuous adsorptive membrane filtration approach. The dynamic adsorption behavior of a fixed‐bed membrane column was predicted using Bohart–Adams model. The model can predict the adsorption breakthrough curve with minimum experimental error.CONCLUSIONSThis study reveals the unique application of sericin‐coated MF membrane for effective removal of drug‐based micropollutants from water, and demonstrates its easy regeneration and effectiveness for multiple cycles of filtration. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
On the imaginary parts of chromatic roots
Authors: Brown Jason I. , Wagner David G. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractWhile much attention has been directed to the maximum modulus and maximum real part of chromatic roots of graphs of order (ie, with vertices), relatively little is known about the maximum imaginary part of such graphs. We prove that the maximum imaginary part can grow linearly in the order of the graph. We also show that for any fixed , almost every random graph in the Erdös‐Rényi model has a nonreal root.
A Ramsey property of random regular and k‐out graphs
Authors: Anastos Michael , Bal Deepak 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIn this study we consider a Ramsey property of random ‐regular graphs, . Let be fixed. Then w.h.p. the edges of can be colored such that every monochromatic component has order . On the other hand, there exists a constant such that w.h.p., every ‐coloring of the edges of must contain a monochromatic cycle of length at least . We prove an analogous result for random ‐out graphs.
Predicting Carpal Bone Kinematics Using an Expanded Digital Database of Wrist Carpal Bone Anatomy and Kinematics
Authors: Akhbari Bardiya , Moore Douglas C. , Laidlaw David H. , Weiss Arnold‐Peter C. , Akelman Edward , Wolfe Scott W. , Crisco Joseph J. 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACTThe wrist can be considered a 2 degrees‐of‐freedom joint with all movements reflecting the combination of flexion–extension and radial–ulnar deviation. Wrist motions are accomplished by the kinematic reduction of the 42 degrees‐of‐freedom of the individual carpal bones. While previous studies have demonstrated the minimal motion of the scaphoid and lunate as the wrist moves along the dart‐thrower's path or small relative motion between hamate‐capitate‐trapezoid, an understanding of the kinematics of the complete carpus across all wrist motions remains lacking. To address this, we assembled an open‐source database of in vivo carpal motions and developed mathematical models of the carpal kinematics as a function of wrist motion. Quadratic surfaces were trained for each of the 42‐carpal bone degrees‐of‐freedom and the goodness of fits were evaluated. Using the models, paths of wrist motion that generated minimal carpal rotations or translations were determined. Model predictions were best for flexion–extension, radial–ulnar deviation, and volar–dorsal translations for all carpal bones with R
2 > 0.8, while the estimates were least effective for supination‐pronation with R
2 < 0.6. The wrist path of motion's analysis indicated that the distal row of carpal bones moves rigidly together (<3° motion), along the anatomical axis of wrist motion, while the bones in the proximal row undergo minimal motion when the wrist moves in a path oblique to the main axes. The open‐source dataset along with its graphical user interface and mathematical models should facilitate clinical visualization and enable new studies of carpal kinematics and function. © 2019 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 37:2661–2670, 2019
Platelet‐rich fibrin suppresses in vitro osteoclastogenesis
Authors: Kargarpour Zahra , Nasirzade Jila , Strauss Franz Josef , Di Summa Francesca , Hasannia Sadegh , Müller Heinz‐Dieter , Gruber Reinhard 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackgroundPlatelet‐rich fibrin (PRF) membranes can preserve alveolar ridge dimension after tooth extraction. Thus, it can be presumed that PRF suppresses the catabolic events that are caused by osteoclastic bone resorption.MethodsTo address this possibility, we investigated the impact of soluble extracts of PRF membranes on in vitro osteoclastogenesis in murine bone marrow cultures. Osteoclastogenesis was induced by exposing murine bone marrow cultures to receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand (RANKL), macrophage colony‐stimulating factor (M‐CSF) and transforming growth factor‐beta 1 (TGF‐β1) in the presence or absence of PRF. Osteoclastogenesis was evaluated based on histochemical, gene expression, and resorption analysis. Viability was confirmed by formation of formazan crystals, live‐dead staining and caspase‐3 activity assay.ResultsWe report here that in vitro osteoclastogenesis is greatly suppressed by soluble extracts of PRF membranes as indicated by tartrate‐resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining and pit formation. In support of the histochemical observations, soluble extracts of PRF membranes decreased expression levels of the osteoclast marker genes TRAP, Cathepsin K, dendritic cell‐specific transmembrane protein (DCSTAMP), nuclear factor of activated T‐cells (NFATc1), and osteoclast‐associated receptor (OSCAR). PRF membranes, however, cannot reverse the process once osteoclastogenesis has evolved.ConclusionThese in vitro findings indicate that PRF membranes can inhibit the formation of osteoclasts from hematopoietic progenitors in bone marrow cultures. Overall, our results imply that the favorable effects of PRF membranes in alveolar ridge preservation may be attributed, at least in part, by the inhibition of osteoclastogenesis.
Ridge preservation following tooth extraction using bovine xenograft compared with porcine xenograft: A randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors: Lai Veronica J. , Michalek Joel E. , Liu Qianqian , Mealey Brian L. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe primary purpose of this study was to histologically determine if there is a significant difference in new bone formation, residual graft material, and connective tissue/other when ridge preservation is accomplished using a bovine versus a porcine xenograft.MethodsForty‐four patients needing a single rooted tooth extraction and ridge preservation in preparation for dental implant placement were recruited in the study. After minimally traumatic tooth extraction, alveolar ridge dimensions were measured using a custom‐fabricated acrylic stent. Patients were then randomized 1:1 to receive ridge preservation using either bovine or porcine xenograft material. A trimmed dense polytetrafluoroethylene (d‐PTFE) membrane was overlaid on the graft material, the mucoperiosteal flaps were replaced, and the surgical site was sutured. After 18 to 20 weeks of wound healing, sites were surgically re‐entered, ridge dimensions were again measured using the previously fabricated acrylic stents and a bone core sample of the grafted site was harvested for histomorphometric analysis.ResultsThirty eight of the 44 enrolled patients completed the study, 17 from the bovine group and 21 from the porcine group. Histologically, there were no statistically significant differences between the groups for mean percentage of vital bone formation (bovine = 36.21%, porcine = 31.27%, P = 0.49), residual graft material (bovine = 20.47%, porcine = 19.52%, P = 0.82) and connective tissue/other (bovine = 43.32%, porcine = 49.21%, P = 0.19). For secondary outcomes, there were no significant differences between the groups for mean change in buccal ridge height, lingual ridge height, and ridge width. However, a higher number of patients in the porcine group had additional grafting at the time of implant placement, either because of thin buccal plate or failure of implant stability.ConclusionThe findings suggest that ridge preservation with porcine xenograft results in comparable histomorphometric outcomes and dimensional stability with bovine xenograft.
Quantitative tooth mobility evaluation based on intraoral scanner measurements
Authors: Meirelles Luiz , Siqueira Rafael , Garaicoa‐Pazmino Carlos , Yu Shan‐Huey , Chan Hsun‐Liang , Wang Hom‐Lay 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackgroundTooth mobility assessment is subjective and current techniques require the translation of a continuous variable to a categorical variable based on the perception of the examiner. The aim of this study was to evaluate the reliability of a novel technique to assess tooth mobility.MethodsThree experienced periodontists were asked to push tooth #16 into a buccal position to in a typodont model with different mobility (M1−M2). Tooth position was obtained using an intraoral scanner and files were compared in metrology software. Mobility was calculated at three reference points at the cervical (C), middle (M), and occlusal (O) regions of the buccal surface of the tooth to determine the linear deviation in the three axes (x, y, and z). Reliability was determined by intraclass‐correlation coefficient, differences between M1 and M2 determined by t test, and the analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to compare the data at the C‐M‐O regions.ResultsExcellent reliability was assessed by Cronbach alpha >0.9 on the x‐y‐z axes for both mobility tested, except for M1‐C X (0.85), M1‐M Y (0.89), and M2‐M Z (0.89). The correlation between the examiners demonstrated excellent (˃0.90) or good (0.75˃ x ˂0.90) consistency, except for M1‐C Y (0.73; examiner 1 to 2) and M1‐M X (0.69; examiners 1 to 3). Significant changes were detected in all axes at the three reference points comparing M1 and M2, and a similar proportional change was observed between O‐M‐C reference points for M1 and M2.ConclusionA novel technique to assess tooth mobility based on intraoral scanner measurements provided reliable data in an in vitro experiment.
Surgical treatment for pelvic Ewing sarcoma: What is a safe and functional acetabular reconstruction when combined with modern multidisciplinary treatments?
Authors: Fujiwara Tomohiro , Lex Johnathan R. , Stevenson Jonathan D. , Tsuda Yusuke , Clark Rhys , Parry Michael C. , Grimer Robert J. , Jeys Lee M. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractPurposeThe purpose of this study was to clarify which local treatment is oncologically and functionally effective in pelvic Ewing sarcoma (ES).MethodsA consecutive series of patients who underwent pelvic resections and acetabular reconstructions after chemotherapy between 1986 and 2016 at a supra‐regional center were evaluated.ResultsThe cohort consisted of 35 patients. The 5‐year overall survival (OS) and local recurrence‐free survival (LRFS) was 61% and 72%, respectively. Preoperative radiotherapy (RT) and surgery provided an excellent/good histological response in 92% and achieved significantly better OS (5 years, 64%) and LRFS (5 years, 100%) than surgery alone or surgery with postoperative RT. The Musculoskeletal Tumor Society functional scores were significantly better in patients with hip transposition than those with structural reconstructions (74% vs 57%; P = .031) using custom‐made prostheses, irradiated autografts, and ice‐cream cone prostheses. These scores were significantly lower if patients had deep infection (P = .035), which was the most common complication (28%) in structural reconstructions but did not occur in hip transposition even when performed after preoperative RT.ConclusionAcetabular reconstruction with hip transposition resulted in no deep infection and superior function in patients with pelvic ES even when combined with preoperative RT, which improved tumor necrosis and rate of local control and survival.
A DFT study of the hydrolysis of hydantoin
Authors: Yamabe Shinichi , Tsuchida Noriko , Yamazaki Shoko 
Published: August 2019

AbstractDensity functional theory (DFT) calculations were made on the hydrolysis of hydantoin (2,4‐imidazolidinedione). In the neutral hydrolysis, reacting systems composed of hydantoin and (H2O)n with n = 1+3, 2+3, 3+3, and 4+3 were adopted. Three water molecules (“+3”) participate in the in‐plane hydrogen‐bond circuit, and the n–3 = 1, 2, 3 or 4 water cluster works for the out‐of‐plane nucleophilic attack onto the carbonyl carbon of hydantoin. Transition states (TSs) involving bond interchanges prompted by proton transfers were determined. The reaction path with n = 3+3 containing N‐carbamoyl glycine, N‐carboxy glycine and three tetrahedral intermediates was found to be most likely.In the acid‐catalyzed hydrolysis, a reacting system composed of hydantoin and H3O+(H2O)7 was employed. Ten TSs and nine intermediates were obtained. N‐carbamoyl glycine and N‐carboxy glycine were confirmed to be detectable stable species. The product consists of glycine, carbonic acid (not CO2), NH4+, and (H2O)5. It has the exothermic energy, whereas the product in the neutral hydrolysis is of the endothermic one for all n values. For both neutral (n = 3+3) and acid‐catalyzed hydrolyses, the rate‐determining steps were calculated to be for formation of the tetrahedral intermediate, HOOC‐CH2‐NH‐C(OH)2NH2. The pattern of proton transfers along hydrogen bonds was carefully investigated.
The spatial distribution of Benggang and the factors that influence it
Authors: Liao Yishan , Yuan Zaijian , Zheng Mingguo , Li Dingqiang , Nie Xiaodong , Wu Xinliang , Huang Bin , Xie Zhenyue , Tang Changyuan 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBenggang, a fragmented landform induced by the overall collapse of soils on slopes, is one of the most serious land erosion problems in Southern China. The reasons for the concentrated development of Benggang and the major influencing factors are still unclear. The key driving factors for Benggang development in Fujian and Jiangxi Provinces were investigated by ArcGIS spatial analysis of the effects of rainfall, lithology, elevation, and geomorphology. It was found that Benggang density increases first and then decreases with annual average rainfall, elevation, and hypsometric integral value (HI) and that the regions with a density of greater than 0.2 Benggang km−2 are characterized with an average annual rainfall of 1,395–1,645 mm,an elevation of 200–400 m,and an HI of 0.14–0.30. Lithology and weathering crust exhibit an important influence on the development of Benggang, with the formation of 41.94% of Benggangs in 25.88% of the granite area. HI shows a significant positive correlation with elevation in the 1,680 watershed areas (r = .83, p < .01). In different HI value ranges, the annual average rainfall presents an opposite trend to the development density of Benggang. The HI values are consistent with the maximal number of Benggangs associated with granite, tuff, conglomerate, and sandstone, indicating a close relationship of the regional Benggang development with the stage of geomorphical development. The underlying surface conditions created by geomorphological development are the direct causes for Benggang, whereas human activities only accelerate or delay its occurrence.
Stoichiometry of nitrogen, phosphorus, and silica loads in the Mississippi‐Atchafalaya River basin reveals spatial and temporal patterns in risk for cyanobacterial blooms
Authors: Royer Todd V. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractRatios of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and dissolved silica (DSi) influence how algal communities respond to nutrient loading, and DSi limitation can facilitate cyanobacterial dominance. The indicator of coastal eutrophication potential (ICEP), described previously by other researchers, predicts production by diatoms vs. nonsiliceous taxa based on deviation of nutrient loads from the Redfield ratio of 106C:16 N:20Si (N‐ICEP) or 106C:1P:20Si (P‐ICEP). The ICEP was calculated for the Mississippi‐Atchafalaya River basin, and four subbasins: the Ohio‐Tennessee, Missouri, Upper Mississippi, and Arkansas‐Red basins from 1979 to 2015. The P‐ICEP indicated a stoichiometric imbalance that favored cyanobacteria for all but the Arkansas‐Red subbasin. The N‐ICEP indicated conditions favorable for cyanobacteria in the Upper Mississippi, Ohio‐Tennessee, and the northern Gulf of Mexico. Agriculture is the predominant land use in the Upper Mississippi and Ohio‐Tennessee subbasins and these subbasins controlled the stoichiometry of the nutrients delivered to the northern Gulf of Mexico. The imbalance in N, P, and DSi inputs to the Gulf was greatest during spring and early summer, and in most years transitioned to favoring diatoms by August or September. Comparing the 1980–1994 and 2001–2015 periods, there was a significant increase in the P‐ICEP for the Upper Mississippi, Ohio‐Tennessee, and Missouri subbasins that appeared to arise mainly from increased P loading to surface waters in the those basins. The ICEP revealed patterns in stoichiometry of N, P, and DSi loads among the major tributaries to the Mississippi River, and an increasing risk of cyanobacterial blooms for inland waters in much of the Mississippi‐Atchafalaya River basin.
A fully tunable two‐pole bandpass filter using the resonator with asymmetrical capacitances
Authors: Tian Dengyao , Feng Quanyuan , Xiang Qianyin 
Published: August 2019

AbstractA fully tunable second‐order bandpass filter based on novel resonator is proposed. The resonating frequency and the coupling coefficient between the resonators can be controlled by two varactor diodes. Theoretical expressions have been derived for the coupling coefficient. Four types of filter responses can be reconfigured by setting different bias voltage combinations, including tunable bandwidth filter, constant absolute bandwidth filter, constant fractional bandwidth filter, and decrease bandwidth filter. The simulation and measured results of the four responses are in good agreement with each other, and excellent tunable characteristics are achieved.
Circularly polarized patch antenna with two different C‐shaped ring structures
Authors: Sung Youngje 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIn this letter, we propose a novel design for circularly polarized (CP) antennas using two simple C‐shaped ring structures. The widths (WL and WR) of the two C‐shaped ring structures are different and these rings are also misaligned to achieve asymmetry. This asymmetry is different from conventional methods, such as perturbations on a diagonal line. It exists on the top layer of the substrate and acts as a radiating element. In order to implement the proposed structure as a single‐layer, a feed structure is implemented by a coplanar waveguide (CPW) method on the bottom layer of substrate. From measured results, the proposed antenna shows very good axial ratio (AR) of 0.8 dB and gain of 3.5 dBi at 2.289 GHz. From this analysis, it is demonstrated that some parameters independently change the frequency with the minimum value of AR and resonant frequency. This design is very useful for designing CP antennas.
Genome editing reveals reproductive and developmental dependencies on specific types of vitellogenin in zebrafish (Danio rerio)
Authors: Yilmaz Ozlem , Patinote Amélie , Nguyen Thaovi , Com Emmanuelle , Pineau Charles , Bobe Julien 
Published: August 2019

AbstractOviparous vertebrates produce multiple forms of vitellogenin (Vtg), the major source of yolk nutrients, but little is known about their individual contributions to reproduction and development. This study utilized clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR‐associated protein 9 (CRISPR/Cas9) genome editing to assess essentiality and functionality of zebrafish (Danio rerio) type‐I and type‐III Vtgs. A multiple CRISPR approach was employed to knockout (KO) all genes encoding type‐I vtgs (vtg1, 4, 5, 6, and 7) simultaneously (vtg1‐KO), and the type‐III vtg (vtg3) individually (vtg3‐KO). Results of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) genotyping and sequencing, quantitative PCR, liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry, and Western blot analysis showed that only vtg6 and vtg7 escaped Cas9 editing. In fish whose remaining type‐I vtgs were incapacitated (vtg1‐KO), and in vtg3‐KO fish, significant increases in Vtg7 transcript and protein levels occurred in liver and eggs, revealing a heretofore‐unknown mechanism of genetic compensation regulating Vtg homeostasis. Egg numbers per spawn were elevated more than 2‐fold in vtg1‐KO females, and egg fertility was approximately halved in vtg3‐KO females. Substantial mortality was evident in vtg3‐KO eggs/embryos after only 8 hr of incubation and in vtg1‐KO embryos after 5 days. Hatching rate and timing were markedly impaired in embryos from vtg mutant mothers and pericardial and yolk sac/abdominal edema and spinal lordosis were evident in the larvae, with feeding and motor activities also being absent in vtg1‐KO larvae. By late larval stages, vtg mutations were either completely lethal (vtg1‐KO) or nearly so (vtg3‐KO). These novel findings offer the first experimental evidence that different types of vertebrate Vtg are essential and have disparate requisite functions at different times during both reproduction and development.