bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
El art. 155 de la Constitución española (el Acuerdo del Senado)
Authors: Lafuente Balle José María 
Published: December 2018

Resumen:El art. 155 de la Constitución regula la coerción federal (federal coercion) con un texto inspirado en el art. 37 de la Ley Fundamental de Bonn, si bien presenta alguna importante diferencia, particularmente por la distinta configuración electoral del Senado y el Bundesrat. Su redacción es un ejemplo característico de la ambigüedad propia de los preceptos constitucionales; y su interpretación padece de que carece de desarrollo legislativo y precedentes históricos. Con su Resolución de 27 de octubre de 2017, el Senado ha aplicado por vez primera el art. 155 por entender que la Generalitat había incurrido en desobediencia a la Constitución. La autorización al Gobierno central conllevó el cese del Gobierno de Cataluña y la posterior disolución del Parlamento autonómico. Dos han sido los recursos de inconstitucionalidad instados, respectivamente, por el grupo parlamentario de Unidos-Podemos y por la Diputación Permanente del Parlamento de Cataluña. En este trabajo se aborda su análisis jurídico y se arriesga el vaticinio de Sentencia que habrá de dictar el Tribunal Constitucional. Summary:1. The injuction of the Spanish Government and the Order of the Spanish Senate of 27th of October, 2017; 2. The application of the state coercion of section 155 in Catalonia; 3. The procedural question of the judicial review of the Order of the Senate; 4. The motion filed by the political party Unidos-Podemos claiming that the application of section 155 is against the Spanish Constitution; 5. The Opinion 14/2017 of the Catalan Consell de Garanties Estatutáries. The motion filed by the Catalan Parliament for judicial review against the Order of the Spanish Senate; 6. The material question: Does the bloque de constitucionalidad entails a limit beforesection 155?Abstract:Section 155 of the Spanish Constitution regulates federal coercion by means of a text inspired in section 37 of the Fundamental Law of Bonn, although the former presents some important differences, especially due to the different electoral configuration of the Spanish Senate and the Bundesrat. The wording of section 155 is a good example of the characteristic ambiguity of constitutional texts. Its interpretation suffers from a lack of legislative development and former precedents. By means of the Order of 27th of October, 2017, the Spanish Senate has applied for the first time section 155, understanding that the Catalan Generalitat had violated the Constitution. The authorization given to the Spanish Government entailed the dismissal of the Autonomous Government of Catalonia and the dissolution of the Autonomous Parliament. Two motions have been filed,one by the parliamentary group Unidos-Podemos, and another by the DiputaciónPermanenteof the Parliament of Catalonia. This paper tackles the legal analysis of section 155, and risks predicting the future ruling of the Spanish Constitutional Court.
Projection de la population canadienne vivant en institution de santé : le nombre de places pourra-t-il répondre aux besoins des baby-boomers ?1
Authors: Boissonneault Michaël , Décarie Yann , Légaré Jacques 
Published: December 2018

Au Canada, une part importante des soins de longue durée sont prodigués en institution de santé. Ces soins sont associés à des coûts importants, lesquels risquent d’augmenter encore plus rapidement avec l’avancée en âge des membres des cohortes nombreuses du baby-boom. Cependant, les gouvernements font de plus en plus d’efforts pour contenir ces coûts en favorisant le soutien à domicile. Cette situation rend le fait de projeter la population vivant en institution de santé très difficile. Nous présentons dans cet article la projection faite par le modèle de microsimulation LifePaths. Cette projection est faite en supposant le risque d’institutionnalisation constant dans le temps et prévoit un quadruplement des effectifs pendant la période 2011-2051. Étant donné le contexte politique, nous doutons qu’une telle augmentation se réalise. Nous proposons différents scénarios de réduction du nombre de personnes vivant en institution de santé. Les projections tiennent alors compte du transfert d’un certain nombre de personnes vivant en institution vers la population en ménage privé. Nous montrons comment ces personnes peuvent être choisies sur la base de certaines combinaisons de caractéristiques telles l’âge, le niveau de scolarité, le statut matrimonial et le nombre de proches survivants. Enfin, nous quantifions l’augmentation du nombre de personnes projetées comme vivant en ménage privé avec incapacité grave, qui pourrait être accrue de 67 pour cent pendant la période 2011-2051 si l’on suppose que le nombre de personnes vivant en institution de santé reste constant dans le temps.
L’individu hypermoderne face aux big data
Authors: Jauréguiberry Francis 
Published: December 2018

Lesbig data, ledatamininget le profilage, avec l’ensemble des applications d’aide à l’action individuelle et collective qui en découle, suscitent à juste titre des inquiétudes en ce qui concerne, d’une part la protection de la vie privée dans un environnement capteur des faits et gestes de chacun, d’autre part les formes de gouvernance de plus en plus informées par des algorithmes prédictifs. Sans négliger ces dangers, une position presque inverse sera ici défendue sous forme d’hypothèse : loin d’entraîner le déclin de l’autonomie individuelle, de soi comme personne singulière capable de réflexivité et en position de faire des choix autonomes, la confrontation renouvelée à une image personnelle purement quantitative et utilitaire (profil) peut conduire à un ressaisissement de soi visant à ce que les choix soient non plus seulement guidés par une logique narcissique, utilitaire et quantitative, mais tout autant par des principes de cohérence individuelle, éthiques et moraux qui,in fine, donnent du sens à la vie.
Distribution du pouvoir d’agir des entités sociales dans les études informatiques sur Twitter
Authors: Boullier Dominique 
Published: December 2018

La recherche informatique traite souvent de problèmes qui relèvent des sciences sociales. Cet article propose d’examiner la façon dont ces travaux, souvent très formalisés sur le plan mathématique et algorithmique, reprennent de fait des points de vue standards sur le social. À cette occasion, il est en effet proposé de réduire les choix de points de vue effectués par les sciences sociales à trois distributions du pouvoir d’agir (agencyou agentivité) à des entités différentes : structure, préférences individuelles et réplications (sans ignorer leurs diverses combinaisons). Une discussion approfondie de ces approches dans la tradition sociologique permet de situer la pertinence d’une telle réduction à trois points de vue. Le terrain Twitter constitue un prototype très attractif pour les recherches en informatique qui veulent traiter de processus sociaux : malgré son caractère de haute fréquence qui favoriserait spontanément l’étude du pouvoir d’agir des conversations ou des messages, les trois points de vue (structure, préférences individuelles et réplications) se révèlent être utilisés dans cette littérature, ce qui montrea fortiorila puissance des points de vue que les sciences sociales ont réussi à diffuser chez tous les publics. La présentation d’articles remarquables pour chacune de ces distributions d’agentivité permet d’accéder à la fécondité de ces travaux, trop souvent ignorés des sciences sociales.
The potential roles of long non‐coding RNAs in lipopolysaccharide‐induced human peripheral blood mononuclear cells as determined by microarray analysis
Authors: Zhang Anqiang , Lu Hongxiang , Wen Dalin , Sun Jianhui , Du Juan , Wang Xu , Gu Wei , Jiang Jianxin 
Published: December 2018

Sepsis arises from an aberrant and excessive host response to infection. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in multiple cellular functions, including inflammation and immunity. However, to date there has been no systematic attempt to identify lncRNAs whose expression is changed after the induction of the innate immune response. In this study, we profiled global lncRNA and mRNA expression changes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) using a microarray platform. Of the 40 914 lncRNAs screened, 596 were significantly upregulated and 250 were significantly downregulated (corrected P < 0.05) in response to LPS. Of the 34 236 mRNAs screened, 802 were upregulated and 549 were downregulated. Functional annotation analysis indicated that lncRNA‐associated differentially expressed mRNAs were primarily enriched in host immune and inflammatory responses. This study provides the first lncRNA and mRNA transcriptomic landscape of LPS‐mediated changes in human PBMCs. These findings may provide potential insights into lncRNAs involved in the immunopathology of sepsis.
Optimised methods (SDS/PAGE and LC‐MS) reveal deamidation in all examined transglutaminase‐mediated reactions
Authors: Sivadó Éva , El Alaoui Meddy , Kiraly Robert , Fesüs László , Delolme Frédéric , Page Adeline , El Alaoui Saïd 
Published: December 2018

Transglutaminases (TGs) are a family of structurally and functionally related enzymes that catalyse calcium‐dependent post‐translational modifications of proteins through protein–protein crosslinking, amine incorporation, or deamidation. For many years deamidation mediated by TGs was considered to be a side reaction, but recently substrate‐specific deamidations have been reported. Here we describe an optimised SDS/PAGE assay for the easy and rapid monitoring of the TG reaction with small peptides. The relative proportion of deamidation to transamidation was evaluated by densitometric analysis and confirmed by nano‐liquid chromatography–nano‐electrospray ionisation MS. We further investigated the effect of reaction conditions on transamidation and deamidation of TG1, TG2 and blood coagulation factor XIII A‐subunit (FXIII‐A) enzymes using a panel of glutamine‐containing peptide substrates. The ratio of transamidation to deamidation was enhanced at high excess of the acyl‐acceptor substrate and increasing pH. In addition, it was influenced by peptide substrates as well. Whereas deamidation was favoured at low cadaverine concentrations and acidic pH, no significant effect of calcium was observed on the ratio of transamidation/deamidation. Under our experimental conditions, deamidation always occurred in vitro even at high excess of the acyl‐acceptor substrate, and the reaction outcome was shifted to deamidation at neutral pH. Our results provide clear evidence of the deamidation in the TG reaction, and may serve as an important approach for in vivo analysis of deamidation to better understand the role of TGs in biological events.
Genome‐wide profiling of mRNA and lncRNA expression in dengue fever and dengue hemorrhagic fever
Authors: Zhong Xiao‐Lan , Liao Xiao‐Ming , Shen Fei , Yu Hai‐Jian , Yan Wen‐Sheng , Zhang Yun‐Fang , Ye Jia‐Jun , Lv Zhi‐Ping 
Published: December 2018

Dengue fever (DF) and dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) are recurrent diseases that are widespread in the tropics. Here, we identified candidate genes associated with these diseases by performing integrated analyses of DF (GSE51808) and DHF (GSE18090) microarray datasets in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). In all, we identified 7635 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in DF and 8147 DEGs in DHF as compared to healthy controls (P < 0.05). In addition, we discovered 215 differentially expressed long non‐coding RNAs (DElncRNAs) in DF and 225 DElncRNAs in DHF. There were 1256 common DEGs and eight common DElncRNAs in DHF vs DF, DHF vs normal control, and DF vs normal control groups. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis revealed that signal transduction (false discovery rate = 8.33E‐10), ‘toxoplasmosis’, and ‘protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum’ were significantly enriched pathways for common DEGs. We conclude that the MAGED1,STAT1, and IL12A genes may play crucial roles in DF and DHF, and suggest that our findings may facilitate the identification of biomarkers and the development of new drug design strategies for DF and DHF treatment.
A set‐based model‐free reinforcement learning design technique for nonlinear systems
Authors: Guay Martin , Atta Khalid Tourkey 
Published: December 2018

SummaryIn this study, we propose an extremum‐seeking approach for the approximation of optimal control problems for a class of unknown nonlinear dynamical systems. The technique combines a phasor extremum‐seeking controller with a reinforcement learning strategy. The learning approach is used to estimate the value function of an optimal control problem of interest. The phasor extremum‐seeking controller implements the approximate optimal controller. The approach is shown to provide reasonable approximations of optimal control problems without the need for a parameterization of the nonlinear system's dynamics. A simulation example is provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the technique.
Growth and Isolation of Large Area Boron‐Doped Nanocrystalline Diamond Sheets: A Route toward Diamond‐on‐Graphene Heterojunction
Authors: Bogdanowicz R. , Ficek M. , Sobaszek M. , Nosek A. , Gołuński Ł. , Karczewski J. , Jaramillo‐Botero A. , Goddard W. A. , Bockrath M. , Ossowski T. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractMany material device applications would benefit from thin diamond coatings, but current growth techniques, such as chemical vapor deposition (CVD) or atomic layer deposition require high substrate and gas‐phase temperatures that would destroy the device being coated. The development of freestanding, thin boron‐doped diamond nanosheets grown on tantalum foil substrates via microwave plasma‐assisted CVD is reported. These diamond sheets (measuring up to 4 × 5 mm in planar area, and 300–600 nm in thickness) are removed from the substrate using mechanical exfoliation and then transferred to other substrates, including Si/SiO2 and graphene. The electronic properties of the resulting diamond nanosheets and their dependence on the free‐standing growth, the mechanical exfoliation and transfer processes, and ultimately on their composition are characterized. To validate this, a prototypical diamond nanosheet–graphene field effect transistor‐like (DNGfet) device is developed and its electronic transport properties are studied as a function of temperature. The resulting DNGfet device exhibits thermally activated transport (thermionic conductance) above 50 K. Below 50 K a transition to variable range hopping is observed. These findings demonstrate the first step towards a low‐temperature diamond‐based transistor.
Biodegradable Gelatin Methacryloyl Microneedles for Transdermal Drug Delivery
Authors: Luo Zhimin , Sun Wujin , Fang Jun , Lee KangJu , Li Song , Gu Zhen , Dokmeci Mehmet R. , Khademhosseini Ali 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBiocompatible and bioresponsive microneedles (MNs) are emerging technology platforms for sustained drug release with a potential to be a key player in transdermal delivery of therapeutics. In this paper, an innovative biodegradable MNs patch for the sustained delivery of drugs using a polymer patch, which can adjust delivery rates based on its crosslinking degree, is reported. Gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) is used as the base for engineering biodegradable MNs. The anticancer drug doxorubicin (DOX) is loaded into GelMA MNs using the one molding step. The GelMA MNs can efficiently penetrate the stratum corneum layer of a mouse cadaver skin. Mechanical properties and drug release behavior of the GelMA MNs can be adjusted by tuning the degree of crosslinking. The efficacy of the DOX released from the GelMA MNs is tested and the anticancer efficacy of the released drugs against melanoma cell line A375 is demonstrated. Since GelMA is a versatile material in engineering tissue scaffolds, it is expected that the GelMA MNs can be used as a platform for the delivery of various therapeutics.
Noncontact Electrical Probe for Monitoring Cellular Processes in Primary Retinal Explants
Authors: Purohit Sumukh , Deepak Chakram Sundar , Rajendran Nisha , Narayan Kavassery Sureswaran 
Published: December 2018

AbstractQuantitative assessment involving noncontact electrical methods without the need for microscopy can enable a remote user to monitor the cell growth and development at different stages. In this line of pursuit, the utility of ultrahigh impedance, air‐suspended capacitively coupled electric potential sensors to monitor electrically active cells is examined. Standard cell lines and chick retinal explants on a variety of optoelectronically active polymer substrates are utilized to demonstrate the utility of this sensor placed in proximity without physical contact. Burst firing in developing chick retina in the early stage when photoreceptors are not developed can be observed via the photoexcitation of optoelectronic substrates using this noncontact sensing method.
Photocatalytic C(sp3)−H Activation towards α‐methylenation of Ketones using MeOH as 1 C Source Steering Reagent
Authors: Verma Fooleswar , Shukla Prashant , Bhardiya Smita R. , Singh Manorama , Rai Ankita , Rai Vijai K. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractUnprecedented direct access to terminal enones via α‐methylenation of aryl ketones to form C=C bond is achieved under visible‐light conditions using methanol as one carbon source substrate and solvent as well. The reaction involves Cu@g‐C3N4‐catalysed in situ oxidation of methanol into formaldehyde followed by dehydrative cross aldol type reaction. Various aryl ketones react efficiently with MeOH, producing α,β‐unsaturated carbonyl compounds only in 4–8 h at room temperature in excellent yield (84–97%). Operational simplicity, wide substrate scope, ambient reaction conditions, visible‐light photocatalysis and novel application of MeOH as methylene donor substrate are the salient features making the envisaged protocol mild, efficient and green alternative to the existing methods for synthesis of such fine chemicals.magnified image
B(C6F5)3‐Catalyzed Deoxygenative Reduction of Amides to Amines with Ammonia Borane
Authors: Pan Yixiao , Luo Zhenli , Han Jiahong , Xu Xin , Chen Changjun , Zhao Haoqiang , Xu Lijin , Fan Qinghua , Xiao Jianliang 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe first B(C6F5)3‐catalyzed deoxygenative reduction of amides into the corresponding amines with readily accessible and stable ammonia borane (AB) as a reducing agent under mild reaction conditions is reported. This metal‐free protocol provides facile access to a wide range of structurally diverse amine products in good to excellent yields, and various functional groups including those that are reduction‐sensitive were well tolerated. This new method is also applicable to chiral amide substrates without erosion of the enantiomeric purity. The role of BF3 ⋅ OEt2 co‐catalyst in this reaction is to activate the amide carbonyl group via the in situ formation of an amide‐boron adduct.magnified image
Confinement‐Induced Ordering and Self‐Folding of Cellulose Nanofibrils
Authors: Smith Kathleen Beth , Tisserant Jean‐Nicolas , Assenza Salvatore , Arcari Mario , Nyström Gustav , Mezzenga Raffaele 
Published: December 2018

AbstractCellulose is a pervasive polymer, displaying hierarchical lengthscales and exceptional strength and stiffness. Cellulose's complex organization, however, also hinders the detailed understanding of the assembly, mesoscopic properties, and structure of individual cellulose building blocks. This study combines nanolithography with atomic force microscopy to unveil the properties and structure of single cellulose nanofibrils under weak geometrical confinement. By statistical analysis of the fibril morphology, it emerges that confinement induces both orientational ordering and self‐folding of the fibrils. Excluded volume simulations reveal that this effect does not arise from a fibril population bias applied by the confining slit, but rather that the fibril conformation itself changes under confinement, with self‐folding favoring fibril's free volume entropy. Moreover, a nonstochastics angular bending probability of the fibril kinks is measured, ruling out alternating amorphous–crystalline regions. These findings push forward the understanding of cellulose nanofibrils and may inspire the design of functional materials based on fibrous templates.
Tailoring Highly Thermal Conductive Properties of Te/MoS2/Ag Heterostructure Nanocomposites Using a Bottom‐Up Approach
Authors: Yan Changzeng , Yu Tianhang , Ji Chao , Kang Dae Joon , Wang Ning , Sun Rong , Wong Ching‐Ping 
Published: December 2018

AbstractEver‐increasing packaging and power densities of modern electronic devices in the present “More‐than‐Moore” technology era demand higher performance thermal interface materials (TIMs). However, conventional composite TIMs require higher loading to achieve better thermal conductive property, resulting in a mechanical problem. The poor wetting property of matrix loading materials further increases the interfacial thermal resistance (ITR). In this work, a one‐step hydrothermal method is employed to grow 2D molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) nanosheets on a tellurium (Te) nanowire skeleton and silver (Ag) nanoparticles are further decorated on MoS2 nanosheets via the photoreduction method. The in‐plane thermal conductivity of the final nanocomposite reaches as high as 10.4 W m−1 K−1, which is 4,160% higher than that of a pure epoxy resin and one order of magnitude higher than that of conventional polymeric nanocomposites. The 3D interconnected heat transferring network of Te/MoS2/Ag greatly enhances the thermal stability of the composite in practical applications. The rational materials design concept may contribute to the development of new types of high‐performance thermal management materials.
Birth mode and infectious morbidity risks in Qom children of Argentina
Authors: Martin Melanie A. , Veile Amanda J. , Valeggia Claudia R. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractObjectivesCesarean delivery may increase childhood infectious morbidity risks via altered birth exposures and subsequent immune, microbial, and epigenetic development. Many Latin American indigenous populations experience dual burdens of infectious and chronic diseases, and are particularly vulnerable to rising rates of cesarean delivery and associated adverse outcomes. The Qom/Toba are an indigenous population in Argentina experiencing rapid lifestyle transitions. We hypothesized that cesarean delivery would be associated with increased risk of infectious symptoms in Qom children after adjusting for gestational and nutritional factors.MethodsWe conducted a secondary analysis of birth records and monthly anthropometric and illness data collected previously from 90 Qom children (aged 1‐55 months). We tested for additive effects of birth mode on risk of gastrointestinal (GI) and respiratory illness (RI) in mixed‐effects logistic regression models adjusting for child weight‐for‐age (WAZ), weaning, and gestational and maternal age.ResultsCesarean deliveries accounted for 46% of births and were associated with maternal age < 20 and ≥ 30 years, gestational age < 39 weeks, and prenatal complications. GI and RI risks were reduced in association with cesarean delivery, greater WAZ, weaning, maternal age ≥ 30 years, and gestational age < 39 weeks.ConclusionsThe relationship between cesarean delivery and reduced infectious risks may reflect statistical confounding with relatively rapid postnatal growth and greater adiposity. Postnatal growth trajectories may be important mediators of long‐term morbidity risks associated with cesarean delivery. The frequency of cesarean deliveries among the Qom remains concerning given traditionally high rates of fertility and adolescent pregnancy.