bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inhibition of Mannose Receptor-mediated Clearance of Tissue-type Plasminogen Activator (t-PA) by Dextran: a New Explanation for Its Antithrombotic Effect
Authors: Noorman F , Barrett-Bergshoeff M M , Bekkers M , Emeis J J , Rijken D C 
Published: July 2018

SummaryDextran is used during surgery as a prophylactic agent to prevent deep venous thrombosis. Recently it has been shown that dextran increases t-PA plasma concentrations in patients. As dextran is a potential ligand for the mannose receptor, we studied whether this glucose-polymer would be able to inhibit mannose receptor-mediated clearance of t-PA.In this report we show that dextran 40 and dextran 70 were able to inhibit t-PA binding to the isolated human mannose receptor (IC5014 and 4 mg/ml, respectively). Both glucose-polymers inhibited mannose receptor-mediated t-PA degradation by human monocyte-derived macrophages in vitro (IC50 7 and 2 mg/ml, respectively). The α2-macroglobulin receptor/low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein (LRP)-mediated t-PA degradation by the macrophages was not affected by dextran. During and after a 45 min infusion of dextran 70 (Macrodex) in rats, in plasma endogenous t-PA concentrations increased to 162 ± 33% and 122 ± 35% respectively. The plasma clearance of a bolus injection of exogenous t-PA was decreased by 33 ± 9% in the same rats.We conclude that dextran inhibits mannose receptor-mediated t-PA clearance. The inhibition of t-PA clearance during dextran infusion results in increased endogenous t-PA plasma concentrations. Increased t-PA concentrations present during thrombus formation are known to increase thrombus lysability. Thus the inhibition of t-PA clearance can contribute to the antithrombotic effect of dextran.
Partial Blockade of Nitric Oxide Synthase Blunts the Exercise-induced Increase of von Willebrand Factor Antigen and of Factor VIII in Man
Authors: Jilma Bernd , Dirnberger Eva , Eichler Hans-Georg , Matulla Bettina , Schmetterer Leopold , Kapiotis Stylianos , Speiser Wolfgang , Wagner Oswald F 
Published: July 2018

SummaryBackground: Until now the effects of β-adrenergic agonists have largely been ascribed to their ability to induce intracellular formation of cyclic adenosine monophosphate. Recently evidence has been accumulating that at least some β1 and β2-adrenoceptor effects may be mediated by nitric oxide (NO). Based on these studies, we hypothesized that the β-adrenoceptor mediated increase of von Willebrand factor and factor VIII-activity (FVIII:C) in plasma during exercise, is caused by an NO-dependent mechanism. Methods: Thirteen young healthy subjects finished an exhaustive bicycle exercise protocol while they were infused placebo or the NO-synthase inhibitor N-monomethyl-L-arginine (L-NMMA) on two separate days in a randomized, double blind cross-over design. Findings: During exercise systemic haemo-dynamic changes were parallel in both treatment periods, but L-NMMA caused a partial inhibition of NO-synthase as evidenced by a 30% decrease in exhaled NO. The workload capacities were not different during L-NMMA or placebo infusion. However, under placebo treatment exercise increased vWF-Ag by a maximum of 61% (CI: 43-84; p = 0.002) and FVIII:C by 44% (CI: 31-59; p = 0.001), which was significantly attenuated when subjects were treated with L-NMMA (p <0.05): under L-NMMA treatment vWF-Ag increased by only 25% (CI: 5-51; p = 0.001) and FVIII:C by 12% (CI: 6-39; p = 0.001). Interpretation: Partial blockade of NO-synthase with L-NMMA blunts the exercise-induced increase in vWF-Ag and FVIII:C. Our trial points to a role of endogenous NO-generation in the β2-adrenergic increase in vWF/FVIII. Thus, we propose that physiologic processes which are induced by systemic β2-adrenoceptor stimulation may at least partly be mediated by NO.
Occult Cancer in Patients with Venous Thromboembolism: which Patients, which Cancers
Authors: Monreal Manuel , Fernandez-Llamazares Jaume , Perandreu Joan , Urrutia Agustin , Sahuquillo Joan Carles , Contel Elena 
Published: July 2018

SummaryWe have previously demonstrated that patients with idiopathic venous thromboembolism (VTE) have a higher frequency of underlying cancer. Now we present a retrospective analysis of our 5-year experience with a series of 674 consecutive otherwise healthy patients, and a more restricted battery of diagnostic tests. Occult cancer was found in 15 patients during admission. The diagnostic tools which led to suspect occult cancer were: abdominal CT-scan (4 patients); high carcinoembryonic levels (2 patients); and high prostate-specific antigen levels (9 patients). Eight further patients were diagnosed of cancer after discharge. Cancer was more commonly found in patients with idiopathic VTE: 13/105 patients (12%) versus 10/569 patients (2%); p <0.01; 0. R.: 7.9 (95% Cl: 3.14-20.09).During the same period of time we diagnosed VTE in 147 patients with previously known cancer. When overall considered, VTE was the first sign of malignancy in most patients with prostatic and pancreatic carcinoma. On the contrary, most patients with breast, lung, uterine and brain cancers developed VTE as a terminal event of the disease. At variance with VTE patients and previously known cancer, most patients with occult malignancy were at an early stage. Further studies are needed to confirm whether patients with idiopathic VTE could benefit from screening for occult cancer. Meanwhile, our findings may serve as guidelines for physicians in this field.
Levels of Prothrombin Fragment F1+2 in Patients with Hyperhomocysteinemia and a History of Venous Thromboembolism
Authors: Kyrle Paul A , Stümpflen Andreas , Hirschl Mirko , Bialonczyk Christine , Herkner Kurt , Speiser Wolfgang , Weltermann Ansgar , Kaider Alexandra , Pabinger Ingrid , Lechner Klaus , Eichinger Sabine 
Published: July 2018

SummaryIncreased thrombin generation occurs in many individuals with inherited defects in the antithrombin or protein C anticoagulant pathways and is also seen in patients with thrombosis without a defined clotting abnormality. Hyperhomocysteinemia (H-HC) is an important risk factor of venous thromboembolism (VTE). We prospectively followed 48 patients with H-HC (median age 62 years, range 26-83; 18 males) and 183 patients (median age 50 years, range 18-85; 83 males) without H-HC for a period of up to one year. Prothrombin fragment Fl+2 (Fl+2) was determined in the patient’s plasma as a measure of thrombin generation during and at several time points after discontinuation of secondary thromboprophylaxis with oral anticoagulants. While on anticoagulants, patients with H-HC had significantly higher Fl+2 levels than patients without H-HC (mean 0.52 ± 0.49 nmol/1, median 0.4, range 0.2-2.8, versus 0.36 ± 0.2 nmol/1, median 0.3, range 0.1-2.1; p = 0.02). Three weeks and 3,6,9 and 12 months after discontinuation of oral anticoagulants, up to 20% of the patients with H-HC and 5 to 6% without H-HC had higher Fl+2 levels than a corresponding age- and sex-matched control group. 16% of the patients with H-HC and 4% of the patients without H-HC had either Fl+2 levels above the upper limit of normal controls at least at 2 occasions or (an) elevated Fl+2 level(s) followed by recurrent VTE. No statistical significant difference in the Fl+2 levels was seen between patients with and without H-HC. We conclude that a permanent hemostatic system activation is detectable in a proportion of patients with H-HC after discontinuation of oral anticoagulant therapy following VTE. Furthermore, secondary thromboprophylaxis with conventional doses of oral anticoagulants may not be sufficient to suppress hemostatic system activation in patients with H-HC.
A New Model for Quantitative In Vivo Microscopic Analysis of Thrombus Formation and Vascular Recanalisation: The Ear of the Hairless (hr/hr) Mouse
Authors: Roesken Frank , Ruecker Martin , Vollmar Brigitte , Boeckel Nicole , Morgenstern Eberhard , Menger Michael D 
Published: July 2018

SummaryThe alteration of rheological blood properties as well as deterioration of vascular perfusion conditions and cell-cell interactions are major determinants of thrombus formation. Herein, we present an experimental model which allows for quantitative in vivo microscopic analysis of these determinants during both thrombus formation and vascular recanalisation. The model does not require surgical preparation procedures, and enables for repeated analysis of identical microvessels over time periods of days or months, respectively. After i.v. administration of FITC-dextran thrombus formation was induced photochemically by light exposure to individual arterioles and venules of the ear of ten anaesthetised hairless mice. In venules, epiillumination induced rapid thrombus formation with first platelet deposition after 0.59 ± 0.04 min and complete vessel occlusion within 7.48 ±1.31 min. After a 24-h time period, 75% of the thrombosed venules were found recanalised. Marked leukocyte-endothelial cell interaction in those venules indicated persistent endothelial cell activation and/or injury, even after an observation period of 7 days. In arterioles, epi-illumination provoked vasomotion, while thrombus formation was significantly (p <0.05) delayed with first platelet deposition after 2.32 ± 0.22 min and complete vessel occlusion within 20.07 ±3.84 min. Strikingly, only one of the investigated arterioles was found recanalised after 24 h, which, however, did not show leukocyte-endothelial cell interaction. Heparin (300 U/kg, i.v.) effectively counteracted the process of thrombus formation in this model, including both first platelet deposition and vessel occlusion. We conclude that the model of the ear of the hairless mouse allows for distinct in vivo analysis of arteriolar and venular thrombus formation/ recanalisation, and, thus, represents an interesting tool for the study of novel antithrombotic and thrombolytic strategies, respectively.
Corpus analysis of croatian constructions with the verb doći ‘to come’
Authors: Blagus Bartolec Goranka , Matas Ivanković Ivana 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
This paper presents a corpus-based analysis of constructions consisting of the verb doći
‘to come’ followed by the prepositions do ‘to’ or na
‘onto’ and a noun. Croatian lexicography mainly describes the verb doći as an
intransitive verb of motion. Other uses of this verb are listed in the idioms section. This paper will address the
association between the verb-preposition constructions and nouns that follow them. The paper will take frequency data
into consideration and attempt to distinguish between primary and additional meanings of constructions doći do ‘to come to’ and doći na ‘to come onto’. The research
will be based on hrWaC 2.0 (Croatian Web Corpus, Version 2), the Croatian National Corpus and the Croatian Language Repository corpora.
Tennis serve performances at break points: Approaching practice patterns for coaching
Authors: Meffert Dominik , O'Shannessy Craig , Born Philipp , Grambow Ralph , Vogt Tobias 
Published: July 2018

AbstractTennis comprises specific match situations when winning the next point is crucial. These big points can decide about a win or loss and, thus, reasonably arouse mental stress. Break points (BPs) are considered as big points and the outcome is influenced by, among a variety of other factors, the serve, which is well accepted being one of the dominant strokes in Men's tennis. In this study, we examined the serve behaviour for male players in the Wimbledon tournament 2016 to investigate the possible impacts of presumed mental stress within the situation of BPs, and further, if winning players perform better than losing players. A total of 28.843 points were analysed and divided into BP (n = 2.035) and non‐break points – referred to as regular points (RP; n = 26.808).
Preliminary Study of Micro-hydro Power Plant (MHPP) in The Rural Area
Authors: Ratnata I W , Saputra W S , Somantri M , Mulyana E , Ardhika A 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Pakenjeng village is one of the villages in the subdistrict Pamulihan, Garut. Garut regency has the potential of natural resources is quite large and varied, namely water resources, energy, and mineral resources. Energy resources available in the form of the potential of renewable energy such as geothermal energy (geothermal), micro-hydro, solar, wave, and wind. Judging from potential micro hydro, Pakenjeng village crossed by two rivers with a flow of water large enough, the river Cikondang and Cibatarua. Currently, both the river Cikondang and river Cibatarua been used for hydroelectric power plant, with a capacity> 100 kW (scale mini-hydro), ie power plants Kombongan (river Cikondang) with a capacity of 165 kW and a power plant Panyairan (river Cibatarua) with capacity of 3 x 200 kW. The result of the potential study (pre-feasibility study) showed that Sungai Cibatarua have the quality and quantity of water that is eligible to be a source of hydroelectric energy for water discharge stable and constant reaches 5100 liters / sec. Cibatarua River has a waterfall that has a head that is high enough that Niagara Panyairan with head up to 63 meters. Hydraulic power that can be generated to reach 3248 kW and a power that can be awakened by the turbine reaches 2404 kW. Potential analysis (pre- feasibility study) of the mechanical and electrical indicates that the turbines are suitable for the MHP in the River Cibatarua namely Cross Flow Turbine Type TC 15 BO 650 with power up to 1 MW.
Brahma related gene 1 (Brg1) contributes to liver regeneration by epigenetically activating the Wnt/β‐catenin pathway in mice
Authors: Li Nan , Kong Ming , Zeng Sheng , Hao Chenzhi , Li Min , Li Luyang , Xu Zheng , Zhu Min , Xu Yong 
Published: July 2018

ABSTRACTLiver regeneration is a complicated pathophysiologic process that is regulated by a myriad of signaling pathways and transcription factors. The interaction among these pathways and factors, either cooperatively or antagonistically, may ultimately lead to recovery and restoration of liver function or permanent loss of liver function and liver failure. In the present study, we investigated the mechanism whereby the chromatin remodeling protein brahma related gene 1 (Brg1) regulates liver regeneration in mice. The Smarca4‐Flox strain of mice was crossbred with the Alb‐Cre strain to generate hepatocyte‐specific Brg1 knockout mice. Liver injury was induced by partial hepatectomy (PHx). We report that Brg1 deletion in hepatocyte compromised liver regeneration and dampened survival after PHx in mice. Brg1 interacted with β‐catenin to potentiate Wnt signaling and promote hepatocyte proliferation. Mechanistically, Brg1 recruited lysine demethylase 4 (KDM4) to activate β‐catenin target genes. Our data suggest that Brg1 might play an essential role maintaining hepatic homeostasis and contributing to liver repair.—Li, N., Kong, M., Zeng, S., Hao, C., Li, M., Li, L., Xu, Z., Zhu, M., Xu, Y. Brahma related gene 1 (Brg1) contributes to liver regeneration by epigenetically activating the Wnt/β‐catenin pathway in mice. FASEB J. 33, 327–338 (2019). www.fasebj.org
Management of idiopathic Madelung deformity with the Sauve-Kapandji procedure
Authors: Eid Abdelsalam , Abdel Salam Mohamed A. , Elgawhary Shamel 
Published: July 2018

Background:
Madelung deformity is a growth disorder affecting the distal radial epiphysis presenting usually near skeletal maturity with wrist pain, deformity, and limitation of wrist motion.

Methods:
Ten patients (13 wrists) with idiopathic Madelung deformity were treated with the Sauve-Kapandji procedure. The mean age at the time of operation was 21.8 yr old. The mean follow-up was 16.2 mo.

Results:
The ulnar head united successfully to the distal radius in all patients. The mean time of union was 10.3 wk. At the final follow up, all wrists were painless. The mean VAS of pain during stressful conditions improved from 6.2 to 2.3. The grip strength improved from 6.7 to 13.2. The mean DASH score improved from 41.9 to 13.2.

Conclusions:
The Sauve-Kapandji procedure is relatively simple procedure compared to radial osteotomy. It decreases pain and improves strength of wrists with Madelung deformity.
Retrospective study assessing range of motion of two prosthetic models in the early postoperative period
Authors: Villalba J. , Balaguer-Castro M. , Marcano-Fernández F. A. , Torner P. 
Published: July 2018

Background:
The aim of this study was to investigate range of motion (ROM) gained by mobile-bearing (MB) and cruciate-retaining (CR) knee prostheses in the early postoperative period with a view to determining which of the two accomplishes its goal sooner, assuming no significant differences in long-term outcomes.

Methods:
A retrospective cohort study was performed comparing outcomes in the early postoperative period. Ninety-two CR designs were compared with 100 MB designs, over a follow-up period of 1 yr. Knees were evaluated at discharge and at 1, 3, and 6 mo, as well as at 1-year postoperatively using ROM and the Knee Society Score (KSS) as the main variables.

Results:
Both groups were equivalent in terms of gender, age, body mass index, ROM, and KSS at baseline. Results showed that ROM values improved significantly faster in the MB group at 1 and 3 mo after discharge as compared to the CR group, even though differences between both groups tended to even out with time. Both groups showed a significant improvement in KSS values 6 mo after discharge with significant differences in the final values, although the improvement was more substantial in the MB group.

Conclusions:
The MB group showed a faster recovery after total knee arthroplasty, as compared with the CR group, even though both groups tended to converge over time. The results obtained could allow a reduction in rehabilitation time and an early return to normal activities.
GROWTH OF PRESUMED CHOROIDAL NEVUS INTO MELANOMA OVER 4 YEARS IN BAP1 TUMOR PREDISPOSITION SYNDROME
Authors: Masoomian Babak , Shields Carol L. , Mashayekhi Arman , Ganguly Arupa , Shields Jerry A. 
Published: July 2018

Purpose:
To report a case of presumed choroidal nevus that eventually grew into melanoma in a patient with family history of choroidal melanoma and germline BAP1 mutation.

Methods:
Case report.

Results:
A 55-year-old healthy white woman with a family history of uveal melanoma in her father, paternal aunt, and paternal cousin was referred for evaluation of an asymptomatic small pigmented choroidal lesion in her right eye, measuring 2 mm × 2 mm in basal diameter and 1 mm in thickness. There were no clinical risk factors. The patient was advised routine monitoring but returned 4 years later with intermittent photopsia. The choroidal mass demonstrated growth and suggestive of transformation into melanoma, measuring 9 mm × 6 mm in basal diameter and 2.5 mm in thickness with overlying orange lipofuscin pigment and no associated subretinal fluid. Fine-needle aspiration biopsy disclosed Chromosome 3 mosaic monosomy and Chromosomes 6 and 8 disomy. Iodine 125 plaque radiotherapy was provided. Based on growth to melanoma and strong family history of uveal melanoma, BAP1 germline mutation testing was performed, and the results were positive.

Conclusion:
This case demonstrates growth of a presumed choroidal nevus into melanoma in the setting of underlying germline BAP1 mutation. We suggest that small pigmented choroidal lesions be monitored closely in patients with germline BAP1 mutation or with family history of uveal melanoma, even in the absence of known local risk factors predictive of tumor growth.
Central Nervous System Infections Caused by Mycobacterium abscessus: Ventricular Shunt Infection in Two Pediatric Patients and Literature Review
Authors: Lamb Gabriella S. , Del Valle Mojica Coralee , Srinivas Nivedita , Starke Jeffrey 
Published: July 2018

Abstract:
A 4-year-old former 24-week gestation male and an 18-month-old former 26-week gestation female, both with history of intraventricular hemorrhage resulting in hydrocephalus, presented with Mycobacterium abscessus ventricular shunt infections affecting both the shunt track and the ventricular fluid. Both children required prolonged combination antimycobacterial therapy; the 4 years old required more than 2 months of triple intravenous antibiotics and intraventricular amikacin to sterilize the cerebrospinal fluid. Each infection came under control only after removal of all foreign material and multiple and extensive adjunctive surgical procedures to excise infected shunt track tissue. Central nervous system infections caused by M. abscessus are rare, and their management is challenging: prolonged antimicrobial therapy is required, adverse effects from antibiotics are common and rates of mortality and morbidity are high.
Fibrinogen and factor XIII: newly recognized roles in venous thrombus formation and composition
Authors: Wolberg Alisa S. 
Published: July 2018

Purpose of review
In spite of significant morbidity and mortality associated with venous thromboembolism, the underlying pathogenesis remains poorly understood.

Recent findings
Clues to operant pathogenic mechanisms are found in the unique morphology and composition of these thrombi, which have substantial red blood cell and fibrin content. Recent studies have revealed biochemical and biophysical mechanisms that dictate fibrin structure in venous thrombi and promote retention of red blood cells within the contracted clots. These mechanisms include newly recognized contributions of fibrin network structure and factor XIII(a)-mediated fibrin crosslinking to venous thrombus composition, size, and stability.

Summary
Continued work to elucidate mechanisms by which fibrin(ogen), factor XIII, and red blood cells contribute to venous thrombus formation, structure, and stability may expose novel molecular targets and strategies for reducing thrombosis and thrombotic complications in certain at-risk patients.
Increasing Nerve Autograft Length Increases Senescence and Reduces Regeneration
Authors: Hoben Gwendolyn M. , Ee Xueping , Schellhardt Lauren , Yan Ying , Hunter Daniel A. , Moore Amy M. , Snyder-Warwick Alison K. , Stewart Sheila , Mackinnon Susan E. , Wood Matthew D. 
Published: July 2018

Background:
Nerve grafting with an autograft is considered the gold standard. However, the functional outcomes of long (>3 cm) nerve autografting are often poor. The authors hypothesized that a factor contributing to these outcomes is the graft microenvironment, where long compared to short autografts support axon regeneration to different extents.

Methods:
A rat sciatic nerve defect model was used to compare regeneration in short (2 cm) and long (6 cm) isografts. Axon regeneration and cell populations within grafts were assessed using histology, retrograde labeling of neurons regenerating axons, immunohistochemistry, quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, and electron microscopy at 4 and/or 8 weeks.

Results:
At 8 weeks, for distances of both 1 and 2 cm from the proximal coaptation (equivalent regenerative distance), long isografts had reduced numbers of regenerated fibers compared with short isografts. Similarly, the number of motoneurons regenerating axons was reduced in the presence of long isografts compared with short isografts. Considering the regenerative microenvironments between short and long isografts, cell densities and general populations within both short and long isografts were similar. However, long isografts had significantly greater expression of senescence markers, which included senescence-associated β-galactosidase, p21, and p16, and distinct chromatin changes within Schwann cells.

Conclusions:
This study shows that axon regeneration is reduced in long compared with short isografts, where long isografts contained an environment with an increased accumulation of senescent markers. Although autografts are considered the gold standard for grafting, these results demonstrate that we must continue to strive for improvements in the autograft regenerative environment.