bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anammox and partial nitritation in the mainstream of a wastewater treatment plant in a temperate region (Denmark)
Authors: Kamp Anja , Ottosen Lars Ditlev Mørck , Thøgersen Nikolaj Bang , Revsbech Niels Peter , Thamdrup Bo , Andersen Mikkel Holmen 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
The Marselisborg WWTP (Aarhus, Denmark) fed the mainstream nitrification/denitrification tanks with excess sludge from a sidestream DEMON tank for more than three years to investigate if anammox can supplement conventional nitrification/denitrification in a mainstream of a temperate region. To evaluate this long-term attempt, anammox and also denitrification rates were measured in activated sludge from the main- and sidestream at 10, 20 and 30 °C using 15N-labelling (stable isotope) experiments. The results show that anammox contributes by approximately 1% of the total nitrogen removal in the mainstream tanks and that anammox conversion rates there are approximately 800–900 times lower than in the DEMON. A distinct temperature dependence of both anammox and denitrification rates was also confirmed, however, results from different temperatures did not significantly alter relative shares, e.g. anammox rates in activated sludge from the nitrification/denitrification tanks are also negligible at 30 °C. This indicates that the anammox bacteria abundance in the nitrification/denitrification tanks is too low to play an important role and that an adaptation to lower temperatures had not occurred. Additional in situ measurements in the nitrification/denitrification tanks further revealed that full nitrification dominates over partial nitritation. Dominant nitritation-anammox is therefore excluded per se and also nitrite shunt activities are not particularly supported.
Fenoldopam Mesylate: A Narrative Review of Its Use in Acute Kidney Injury
Authors: Noce Annalisa , Marrone Giulia , Rovella Valentina , Busca Andrea , Gola Caterina , Ferrannini Michele , Di Daniele Nicola 
Published: April 2019

Background:
Fenoldopam mesylate is a selective agonist of DA-1 receptors. It is currently
used for the in-hospital treatment of severe hypertension. DA-1 receptors have high density in renal parenchyma
and for this reason, a possible reno-protective role of Fenoldopam mesylate was investigated.

Method:
We examined all studies regarding the role of Fenoldopam mesylate in Acute Kidney Injury
(AKI); particularly, those involving post-surgical patients, intensive care unit patients and contrastinduced
nephropathy.

Results:
Fenoldopam mesylate was found to be effective in reducing the onset of postoperative AKI,
when used before the development of the kidney damage. Positive results were also obtained in the
management of intensive care unit patients with AKI, although the clinical studies investigated were
few and conducted on small samples.

Conclusion:
Conflicting results were achieved in contrast-induced nephropathy.
Relationship Between Hormonal Mechanisms of Diabetes Mellitus and Hypothyroidism Post-Bariatric Surgery
Authors: Goes Lucas G. , da Luz Eltchechem Camila , Wouk Jessica , Malfatti Carlos R.M. , da Silva Luiz A. 
Published: April 2019

Background:
Obesity, diabetes mellitus may be related to the health, the relationship and
the physiological capacity of the production of thyroid hormones (TH), triiodothyronine (T3) and
thyroxine (T4).

Objectives:
The main aims of this review are to describe the relationship between obesity, appetite, weight
management, hormonal mechanisms of diabetes mellitus and hypothyroidism post-bariatric surgery.

Methodology:
An in-depth literature search was conducted to identify scientific studies, which analyzed
the correlation between diabetes mellitus and hypothyroidism post-bariatric surgery.

Results:
Bariatric surgery decreases hypothyroidism, reduces the need for pharmacological action (such
as levothyroxine), controls the weight and body fat and increases the sensitivity to leptin and insulin.

Conclusion:
The reduction of the stomach and intestine by bariatric surgery is an evolutionary and
beneficial action, because it may lead to a drastic decrease on numbers of conditions such as diabetes,
obesity, hypothyroidism, and others. Thus, new studies should also focus on patients’ post-operatory
conditions, such as lifetime, regulation and functioning of organs after reduced nutrition, and consumption
and delivery of nutrients to health maintenance.
Prognosis, Significance and Positive Correlation of Rab1A and p-S6K/Gli1 Expression in Gastric Cancer
Authors: Shao Xinyu , Cheng Zhengwu , Xu Menglin , Mao Jiading , Wang Junfeng , Zhou Chunli 
Published: April 2019

Background:Gastric Cancer (GC) is a frequently common malignancy. Recent studies have reported Rab1A as an activator of mTORC1, and the mTOR1 pathway is involved in regulating Gli1 expression in several cancers. Only a few studies have been performed to explore the relationship between Rab1A and p-S6K/Gli1in GC.Methods:Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed to explore the association of Rab1A/p-S6K/Gli1 expression and prognosis in 117 GC tissue samples and adjacent normal tissues.Results:Our results indicated that Rab1A/p-S6K/Gli1 was significantly overexpressed in GC tissues. High expression of Rab1A was closely related to the tumor size and the depth of tumor invasion. In addition, Rab1A expression was closely related with p-S6K/Gli1 expression in GC, and high level of Rab1A/p-S6K/Gli1 caused worse prognosis of GC patients. The univariate and multivariate analysis indicated that the expression of Rab1A was an independent prognostic factor. Moreover, both high Rab1A and p-S6K expression led to a worse prognosis when compared to a single positive expression as well as both high Rab1A/Gli1 expression also led to a worse prognosis than the single positive expression of Rab1A/Gli1. Strikingly, the overexpression of p-S6K also led to a worse prognosis in Rab1A positive patients, as did Gli1.Conclusion:Our results indicate that Rab1A/mTOR/S6K/Gli1 axis played a crucial role in GC, which may provide a novel field on targeted therapy of GC, especially for mTORC1-targeted therapy-resistant cancers.
An Inventive Report of Inducing Apoptosis in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) Cell Lines by Transfection of MiR-4301
Authors: Avval Abbas J. , Majd Ahmad , Gholipour Naghmeh , Noghabi Kambiz A. , Ohradanova-Repic Anna , Ahangari Ghasem 
Published: April 2019

Background:Based on recent studies, new therapeutic strategies have been developed for cancer treatment using microRNAs (miRNAs). With this view, miRNAs manipulating techniques can be considered as novel therapeutic prospects for cancer treatment. In this study, we evaluated the expression of miR-4301 in human lung cancer cell lines and investigated its potential role in cell proliferation and tumor suppression on Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) cells.Methods:We used quantitative Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR) to examine the level of miR- 4301 expression in human lung cancer cell lines (A549, QU-DB) and non-malignant lung epithelial cells (HFLF-PI5). Then, we investigated the effect of miR-4301 by transfecting it into these cell lines and probing for cancer cell viability and apoptosis using the MTT assay, flow cytometry and immunofluorescence staining.Results:Our results showed that the expression level of miR-4301 was significantly reduced in human lung cancer cell lines (P<0.001). When miR-4301 was transfected in lung cancer cells, their cell proliferation was suppressed and apoptosis induced. This decline in cell survival was confirmed by the MTT assay. Transfection of miR-4301 caused an increase in early and late apoptotic cells in all lung cancer cell lines tested.Conclusion:Our findings show that miR-4301 may act as a lung cancer suppressor through targeting of proteins involved in cell proliferation and survival. For this reason, targeting miR-4301 may provide a new strategy for the diagnosis and treatment of patients with this deadly disease. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Incidence of MicroR-4513C/T Gene Variability in Coronary Artery Disease - A case-Control Study
Authors: Mir Rashid , Jha Chandan k , Elfaki Imadeldin , Javid Jamsheed , Rehman Suriya , Khullar Naina , Banu Shaheena , Chahal S. M. S. 
Published: April 2019

Background:
Genetic variants in pre-microRNA genes or the 3'UTR of miRNA target
genes could influence miRNA-mediated regulation of gene expression and thus contribute to the susceptibility
and prognosis of human diseases. Several studies have investigated the association of genetic
variants in the seed region of miRNAs with cardiometabolic phenotypes .Therefore the aim of
study was to investigate the potential association of miR-4513 rs2168518 C>T gene variability with
the risk of developing CAD and its association with different cardiometabolic phenotypes in an Indian
cohort to stratify CAD burden in the general population.

Methods:
The study was conducted on 100 clinically confirmed CAD patients and 100 healthy individuals.
Genotyping of MicroR-4513 rs2168518C>T gene variability was performed using Amplification
refractory mutation system PCR method.

Results:
A significant difference was observed in the genotype distribution among CAD cases and
healthy controls. The frequencies of three genotypes CC, CT, TT in CAD patient and healthy controls
were 5%, 77%, 18%, and 28%, 45% and 27% respectively. A multivariate analysis showed that miR-
4513 rs2168518 polymorphism is associated with an increased susceptibility to CAD in codominant
inheritance model for variant CC vs. CT OR 9.58 CI (3.45-26.57), RR 2.3(1.75-3.02), P=0.001. Results
also indicate a potential dominant effect of miR-4513 rs2168518 C/T polymorphism on susceptibility
of CAD in dominant inheritance model for variant CC vs. (CT+TT) OR 7.38 (2.71-20.07), RR
1.96 (1.56-2.46), P=0.001. In allelic comparison, T allele weakly increased risk of CAD compared to C
allele (OR=1.50, 95% CI (1.09-2.26) RR 1.15 (0.94-1.39) P=0.044.

Conclusion:
It is concluded that CT genotype and T allele of microR-4513 rs2168518 is strongly associated
with increased susceptibility to CAD. Furthers studies with larger sample sizes are necessary to
confirm this result.
Adsorbent Performance of Solid Porous Carbon Derived from Waste Cigarette Filters
Authors: Zeng Bin , Zeng Wujun 
Published: April 2019

Introduction:
Solid porous carbon (SPC) with micro-mesopore structures was successfully
fabricated from used cigarette filters via carbonization.

Experimental:
The morphology and structure of the as-prepared porous carbon materials were
characterized using X-ray diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy,
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy.

Results:
This novel carbon material allows the removal of organic pollutants from water. The
maximum adsorbed capacity of methylene blue could reach ~185 mg.g-1, which was attributed to
the high specific surface area (567.7 m2.g-1) and the micro-mesoporous structure of the samples.

Conclusion:
Furthermore, when genomic stability was maintained in the solution, SPC was easily
extracted. The mechanism for the fabrication of the proposed used cigarette filter is elucidated in
this study.
Age Classification Using Motif and Statistical Features Derived On Gradient Facial Images
Authors: Reddy Ayaluri Mallikarjuna , Krishna Vakulabharanam Venkata , Sumalatha Lingamgunta , Obulesh Avuku 
Published: April 2019

Background:
Age estimation using face images has become increasingly significant in
the recent years, due to diversity of potentially useful applications. Age group feature extraction, the
local features, has received a great deal of attention.

Objective:
This paper derived a new age estimation operator called “Gradient Dual-Complete Motif
Matrix (GD-CMM)” on the 3 x 3 neighborhood of gradient image. The GD-CMM divides the 3 x 3
neighborhood in to dual grids of size 2 x 2 each and on each 2 x 2 grid complete motif matrices are
derived.

Methods:
The local features are extracted by using Motif Co-occurrence Matrix (MCM) and it is derived
on 2 x 2 grid and the main disadvantage of this Motifs or Peano Scan Motifs (PSM) is they are
static i.e. the initial position on a 2 x2 grid is fixed in deriving motifs, resulting with six different motifs.
The advantage 3 x 3 neighborhood approaches over 2x 2 grids is the 3x3 grid identify the spatial
relations among the pixels more precisely. The gradient images represent facial features more efficiently
and human beings are more sensitive to gradient changes than original grey level intensities.

Results:
The proposed method is compared with other existing methods on FGNET, Google and
scanned facial image databases. The experimental outcomes exhibited the superiority of proposed
method than existing methods.

Conclusion:
On the GD-CMM, this paper derived co-occurrence features and machine learning
classifiers are used for age group classification.
Performance Analysis of a Half Bridge Cell Based Asymmetrical Multilevel Inverter Topology with Minimum Components
Authors: Roy Abeera D. , Umayal Chandrahasan 
Published: April 2019

Background:
In Multilevel Inverters (MLI) as the number of level increases, there is a
proportionate increase in the count of the semiconductor devices that are employed.

Methods:
This paper deals with an asymmetrical cascaded H-bridge inverter topology with half
bridge cells to produce seven level output voltage waveform. Nearest Level Control (NLM) technique
is used to produce the switching pulses. The operating principle of the proposed MLI and its
performance abilities is verified through MATLAB/Simulink and a prototype is developed to provide
the experimental results.

Results:
Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) is computed for proposed MLI for different types of
loads in simulation environment as well as in the developed hardware prototype. Comparison between
the proposed MLI and recent topologies demonstrates the advantageous features.

Conclusion:
The simulation and hardware results confirm the suitability of the proposed
seven level MLI as the total component count, and the requirement of DC sources reduces
considerably.
Evaluación de los factores de riesgo de embarazo en adolescentes en la comunidad de Las Tablas, Municipio Matanzas, Provincia Peravia, República Dominicana, durante el período noviembre 2017 - enero 2018
Authors: Navarro Ramírez Amelia , Domínguez Bellelyn , Rodríguez Charlotte Montes de Oca , Ramírez Díaz Ana , Barreto Rojas Nicole , López César , López Emilton 
Published: April 2019

Introducción: la adolescencia se define como el período de crecimiento y desarrollo humano entre los 10 y 19 años. El embarazo precoz es aquel que se produce en este grupo etario, sin importar la madurez o dependencia de su núcleo familiar de origen. En República Dominicana, el 22% de las adolescentes han estado embarazadas.
Objetivo: evaluar los factores de riesgo de embarazo en adolescentes en la comunidad de Las Tablas, municipio Matanzas, provincia Peravia, República Dominicana, durante el período noviembre 2017 – enero 2018.
Metodología: estudio prospectivo, descriptivo, de corte transversal en el que se entrevistaron 45 adolescentes fértiles de la comunidad de Las Tablas.
Resultados: se obtuvo que un 20% (29 casos) presentó disfunción familiar como riesgo para desencadenar un embarazo adolescente. De las jóvenes con vida sexual activa, un 100% (12 casos) indicaron haberla iniciado a los 14 años o más. Un 69% (31 casos) han recibido información sobre el uso de los métodos anticonceptivos. Cabe destacar que 15 adolescentes (33%) han sido víctima de violencia en la comunidad.
Conclusiones: el embarazo adolescente es una problemática multifactorial, donde predominan la disfunción familiar, ser hija de madre con historia de embarazo adolescente, uso de alcohol y otras sustancias, entre otras.
The EFFECT OF THE COMBINATION OF THE SESAME OIL AND VITAMIN E TO IMPROVE ERYTHROCYTE MEMBRANE ON HYPERCHOLESTEROL RATS
Authors: Jurnal Badan Penerbitan 
Published: April 2019

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the combination effect of sesame oil and vitamin E to the number of abnormal erythrocytes, and MDA levels by the amount of hemolysis. Hypercholesterolemia that is grown by erythrocyte membranes were decreased conditions that leads to atherosclerosis associated with oxidative stress which leads to lipid peroxidation. Sesame oil (SO) has special antioxidants that also contains 85% unsaturated fatty acid, where 40% consists of poly unsaturated fatty acid. Vitamin E is a chain breaker antioxidant that prevents the multiplication of free radical reactions in phospholipids.
Methods: This research using 6 treatment groups, 3 groups received an atherogenic diet, while the other 3 groups received an atherogenic diet and treated with a combination of sesame oil with the same dose, added with 0.02 ml of vitamin E.
Results: The results showed that the proportion of 1.2 ml SO and 0.02 ml of vitamin E, with the average amount (%) of hemolysis at 0.45% NaCl concentration was (5, 05 ±0.129), while in the control (33,87–1,919). The number (%) of erythrocytes is not normal (25,75± 2,473) while in the control (80,27± 4,631). Erythrocyte MDA level (0.229±0.039) µlmol / ml, while in the control (0.443 ± 0.013) µmol / ml.
Conclussion: This research shows that the combination of oil and vitamin E had a significant decrease in the number of abnormal erythrocytes, the amount of hemolysis and MDA levels. The MDA reduction is followed by a decrease in the number of abnormal erythrocytes and the amount of hemolysis.
A 10-17 DOF Sensory Gloves with Harvesting Capability for Smart Healthcare
Authors: Leoni Alfiero , Stornelli Vincenzo , Ferri Giuseppe , Orengo Giancarlo , Errico Vito , Pallotti Antonio , Saggio Giovanni 
Published: April 2019

We here present a 10-17 Degrees of Freedom (DoF) sensory gloves for Smart Healthcare implementing an energy harvesting architecture, aimed at enhancing the battery lasting when powering the electronics of the two different types of gloves, used to sense fingers movements. In particular, we realized a comparison in terms of measurement repeatability and reliability, as well as power consumption and battery lasting, between two sensory gloves implemented by means of different technologies. The first is a 3D printed glove with 10 DoF, featuring low-cost, low-effort fabrication and low-power consumption. The second is a classical Lycra® glove with 14 DoF suitable for a more detailed assessment of the hand postures, featuring a relatively higher cost and power consumption. An electronic circuitry was designed to gather and elaborate data from both types of sensory gloves, differing for number of inputs only. Both gloves are equipped with flex sensors and in addiction with the electronics (including a microcontroller and a transmitter) allow the control of hand virtual limbs or mechanical arts in surgical, military, space and civil applications.Six healthy subjects were involved in tests suitable to evaluate the performances of the proposed gloves in terms of repeatability, reproducibility and reliability. Particular effort was devoted to increase battery lasting for both glove-based systems, with the electronics relaying on Radio Frequency, Piezoelectric and Thermoelectric harvesters. The harvesting part was built and tested as a prototype discrete element board, that is interfaced with an external microcontroller and a radiofrequency transmitter board. Measurement results demonstrated a meaningful improvement in battery operation time up to 25%, considering different operating scenarios.
Bureaucracy and Emotions - Perspectives across Disciplines
Authors: Collin Peter , Garot Robert , Groot Timon De 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
In traditional administrative models the public servant is emotionally conceptualized in a specific way, namely as a rationally acting and emotionally abstinent person. However, these are also models of observation that are strongly guided on the one hand by normative ideas and on the other by historical master narratives that focus on the development of a specifically occidental rationality. In particular, the emotional turn in historical science inspires us to take a critical view of such assumptions. But other approaches developed in other scientific disciplines also stimulate us to sharpen our historical view of the emotional aspects of bureaucracy: in jurisprudence “Law and Emotions” and in sociology “Sociology of Emotions”. This article presents these scientific approaches and tries to sound out their usefulness for the history of administration. In this way, it also serves as an introduction to this volume of the journal Administory.
Gefühlskalte Bürokratie: Emotionen im Verwaltungshandeln des frühen 19. Jahrhunderts
Authors: Bernsee Robert 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
The article deals with the narrative of the ‘cold’ or ‘inhumane bureaucracy’. The author argues that one can already observe this narrative during the early bureaucratisation in Germany. He shows that the perception of a ‘cold bureaucracy’ resulted from conflicts about the legitimacy of administrative practices: The new bureaucratic system clashes with the traditional practices exercised by officials, among them certain gift-giving practices. Those actions were based on a concept of honour, they shaped the emotional practices of the officials. The bureaucratic system reduced the spaces for those emotional practices, because it interdicted traditional practices. Officials argued that this interdiction and the bureaucratic instruments of monitoring and controlling was mistrusting and defamatory to them. Public observers condemned the new administrative system to be ‘cold’ and ‘inhumane’. They demanded more spaces for emotional practices by reallowing traditional actions and re-introducing elements of the old administrative system.
Decency and Respect. New Perspectives on Emotional Bonds between State and Citizens
Authors: Becker Peter 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
The 1850s were witness to several forms of emotion management in the Habsburg monarchy, among them the prohibition of writing to the authorities in a defamatory manner. The so-called law against defamatory speech was one of many initiatives which contributed to the generation, exploitation, control and containment of emotions towards the state. As this law remains in force today, it provides an excellent starting point for an exploration into continuities and changes concerning ›feeling rules‹ for encounters between subjects and the state. My chapter explores these rules through the lens of the administrative court, where acceptable criticism had to be clearly demarcated from defamatory speech acts. Looking at these proceedings, it is evident that emotional work routines are missing in the public service. Therefore, citizens were and still are required to keep their emotions under control and react to provocative acts by public officials in strictly rational terms.
»Beamtengefühl«: Soziale Funktionen von Emotionen im österreichischen Staatsdienst der Zwischenkriegszeit
Authors: Garstenauer Therese 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Research on emotions in the 20th century has shown that in the period after WWI there has been a general tendency to control and suppress the display (if not the experience) of emotions. Based on various sources such as conduct books, autobiographical prose, and disciplinary files this article highlights the role emotions played in civil service in interwar Austria. Emotions could be a disturbance of administrative procedure and everyday office life, but they clearly served to regulate power and gender relations between colleagues, and to define personal boundaries. Specific focus is placed on the interrelation of emotions and political affiliations of government employees, on the particularities of greeting in the office, and on „Beamtengefühl“ – a special feature of this socio-professional group.