bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ultrassom terapêutico na regeneração nervosa – revisão sistemática e metanálise
Authors: Rossi Kaue Cesar 
Published: March 2019

Objetivou-se através deste estudo avaliar e comparar os efeitos do ultra-som terapêutico (UST) nas modalidades pulsada e contínua na regeneração nervosa e estabelecer um parâmetro de dosimetria do aparelho para sua utilização através de uma revisão sistemática e metanálise. Foram realizadas pesquisas nos bancos de dados BIREME, CAPES, PEDro e MEDLINE, além de buscas manuais nas referências de estudos publicados sobre o assunto, entre o período de julho de 2016 a fevereiro de 2017. Os estudos foram analisados e selecionados de acordo com critérios de elegibilidade, onde foram incluídos apenas aqueles que realizaram indução do dano em nervos periféricos, submetidos a tratamento com UST contínuo ou pulsado e que apresentaram grupo controle. Foi avaliado o índice funcional do nervo ciático (IFC) e análise morfométrica. Dos 1.877 estudos encontrados, nove foram incluídos na revisão sistemática e três na metanálise sobre o IFC. O UST, nas modalidades contínua e pulsada, comparado com o grupo controle não apresentou diferença (p≥0,05) significativa para os tempos 0, 7 e 14 dias, entretanto, apresentou diferença significativa (p≤0,05) aos 21 dias. Os demais desfechos foram descritos de maneira qualitativa por apresentarem metodologias e unidades de medida diferentes, não podendo ser compilados. Conclui-se que o UST possui efeitos positivos na regeneração nervosa quando comparados aos grupos controle principalmente quando aplicado na modalidade contínua, devido aos seus efeitos térmicos, porém, não sendo descartados seus efeitos na modalidade pulsada quando aplicado em baixas intensidades
Immunization-Expanded NKT Follicular Helper Cells Drive IgG1 Isotype Switch against an Exogenous T-Independent Polysaccharide but Do Not Promote Recall Responses
Authors: Lang Gillian A , Amadou Amani Souwelimatou , Quinn James L , Axtell Robert C , Lang Mark L 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
The CD1d-binding glycolipid α-galactosylceramide (α-GC) is a potent adjuvant that activates NKT cells and in turn enhances T-dependent humoral immunity. Very little is known about how NKT cells and the NKT follicular helper (NKTfh) subset influence the immune response to T-independent polysaccharides. In this study, we used a Cre-Lox approach to generate mice devoid of the Bcl6 master transcription factor in CD4 lineage cells and thus devoid of NKTfh cells but not total NKT cells. It was observed that α-GC–driven IgG1 class switch against a polysaccharide Ag was dependent on the NKTfh subset. However, α-GC was unable to stimulate a polysaccharide-specific Ab recall response. It was observed that NKT-derived IL-21 was able to exert limited influence on the IgG1 response and was therefore likely to work in concert with other factors. This work shows that α-GC–driven NKTfh cells can direct polysaccharide-specific B cell responses by promoting IgG1 class switch but do not provide signals needed for generation of polysaccharide-specific B cell memory.
A novel homozygous variation in the PANK2 gene in two Persian siblings with atypical pantothenate kinase associated neurodegeneration
Authors: Habibi Amir Hasan , Razmeh Saeed , Aryani Omid , Rohani Mohammad , Taghavian Laleh , Alizadeh Elham , Moradian Kokhedan Karim , Zaribafian Maryam 
Published: March 2019

Pantothenate Kinase-associated Neurodegeneration (PKAN) is an autosomal recessive disorder that is caused by variation in pantothenate kinase-2 gene (PANK2) gene on chromosome 20. The common presentation of this disease includes progressive dystonia, Parkinsonism, retinopathy, cognitive impairment, and spasticity. The typical magnetic resonance imaging finding is eye of the tiger sign in globus pallidus and not pathogenic and not found in all patients. In the present study, we describe two siblings who have a novel variation of the PANK2 gene. These patients with the same genotype, have different ages at the onset of disease and also the various severity of the disease. The description of these cases helps to understand this disease, its symptoms, pathogenesis, and its treatment.
Evaluation of the Reliability and Validity of the Brazilian Version of the Here’s How I Write:A Child’s Self-Assessment and Goal Setting Tool
Authors: Mendonça Alves Juliana Flores , Valladão Novais Van Petten Adriana M. , Cermak Sharon A. , de Castro Magalhães Lívia 
Published: March 2019

AbstractOBJECTIVE. Our objective was to translate the Here’s How I Write: A Child’s Self-Assessment and Goal Setting Tool (HHIW) to Portuguese; adapt it to the Brazilian culture; and analyze its reliability, validity, and clinical feasibility.METHOD. The study was developed in two steps: adaptation of the HHIW to Brazilian Portuguese, followed by experimental application to examine its validity and reliability. The participants were 60 children and their teachers, divided into two groups: Group 1, whose members had handwriting difficulties, and Group 2, whose members did not.RESULTS. Children with poor handwriting scored lower on the HHIW for both self- and teacher report. Test–retest reliability of the children’s (.96) and teachers’ (.93) questionnaires as well as internal consistency (.91 and .95, respectively) were excellent. There was good agreement (.74) between the children’s and teachers’ total scores.CONCLUSIONS. This study adds further evidence of validity and reliability and supports the international use of the HHIW. The HHIW is a useful resource to engage children and teachers in a collaborative relationship to improve handwriting.
Organosulfates in Atlanta, Georgia: anthropogenic influences on biogenic secondary organic aerosol formation
Authors: Hettiyadura Anusha Priyadarshani Silva , Al-Naiema Ibrahim M. , Hughes Dagen D. , Fang Ting , Stone Elizabeth A. 
Published: March 2019

Abstract. Organosulfates are secondary organic aerosol (SOA) products that form from
reactions of volatile organic compounds (VOC), such as isoprene, in the
presence of sulfate that is primarily emitted by fossil fuel combustion. This
study examines the anthropogenic influence on biogenic organosulfate
formation at an urban site in Atlanta, Georgia (GA) in the southeastern
United States (US). Organosulfates were analyzed in fine particulate matter
(PM2.5) collected during August 2015 in Atlanta using hydrophilic
interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC), tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS),
and high-resolution time-of-flight (ToF) mass spectrometry. By their MS/MS
response, 32 major organosulfate species were identified, selected species
were quantified, and other species were semi-quantified using surrogate
standards. Organosulfates accounted for 16.5 % of PM2.5 organic carbon
(OC). Isoprene-derived organosulfates were the most abundant, dominated by
methyltetrol sulfate which accounted for 12.6 % of PM2.5 OC.
Together, the isoprene-derived organosulfates accounted for the majority of
the isoprene-derived SOA that had been previously observed in Atlanta, but
had not been identified at the molecular level. Other major species included
seven monoterpene-derived organosulfates, five diesel and/or
biodiesel-derived organosulfates, and three new organosulfates that are also
expected to derive from isoprene. Organosulfate species and concentrations in
Atlanta were compared to those in a rural forested site in Centreville,
Alabama (AL) during summer 2013, which were also dominated by
isoprene-derived organosulfates. In Atlanta, isoprene-derived organosulfate
concentrations were 2–6 times higher and accounted for twice as much
OC. The greatest enhancement in concentration was observed for
2-methylglyceric acid sulfate whose formation is enhanced in the presence of
nitrogen oxides (NO and NO2; NOx) and is a tracer for isoprene
high-NOx SOA. The isoprene-derived organosulfates indicated a stronger
influence of NOx in Atlanta compared to Centreville. Overall, these
results suggest that SOA in the southeastern US can be reduced by controlling
NOx and SO2 emissions from fossil fuel combustion. This study gives
insights into the major organosulfate species that should be targets for
future measurements in urban environments and standard development.
Long-term lidar observations of the gravity wave activity near the mesopause at Arecibo
Authors: Yue Xianchang , Friedman Jonathan S. , Zhou Qihou , Wu Xiongbin , Lautenbach Jens 
Published: March 2019

Abstract. Using 11-year-long K Doppler lidar observations of temperature
profiles in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT) between 85 and
100 km, conducted at the Arecibo Observatory, Puerto Rico
(18.35∘ N, 66.75∘ W), seasonal
variations of mean temperature, the squared Brunt–Väisälä
frequency, N2, and the gravity wave potential energy (GWPE) are estimated in a composite
year. The following unique features are obtained. (1) The mean temperature
structure shows similar characteristics to an earlier report based on a smaller
dataset. (2) Temperature inversion layers (TILs) occur at 94–96 km in
spring, at ∼92 km in summer, and at ∼91 km in early autumn.
(3) The first complete range-resolved climatology of GWPE derived from temperature data in the tropical MLT exhibits an
altitude-dependent combination of annual oscillation (AO) and semiannual
oscillation (SAO). The maximum occurs in spring and the minimum in summer, and a
second maximum is in autumn and a second minimum in winter. (4) The GWPE per
unit volume reduces below ∼97 km altitude in all seasons. The
reduction of GWPE is significant at and below the TILs but becomes faint
above; this provides strong support for the mechanism that the formation of
upper mesospheric TILs is mainly due to the reduction of GWPE. The climatology
of GWPE shows an indeed pronounced altitudinal and temporal correlation with
the wind field in the tropical mesopause region published in the literature.
This suggests the GW activity in the tropical mesopause region should be
manifested mainly by the filtering effect of the critical level of the local
background wind and the energy conversion due to local dynamical instability.
Utility of Multistep Protocols in the Analysis of Sentinel Lymph Nodes in Cutaneous Melanoma: An Assessment of 194 Cases
Authors: Gill Pavandeep , Howell Jenika , Naugler Christopher , Daoud Marie S. Abi 
Published: March 2019

Context.—Currently, no universal protocol exists for the assessment of sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs) in cutaneous melanoma. Many institutions use a multistep approach with multiple hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) and immunohistochemical stains. However, this can be a costly and time- and resource-consuming task.Objective.—To assess the utility for multistep protocols in the analysis of melanoma SLNs by specifically evaluating the Calgary Laboratory Services (CLS) protocol (which consists of 3 H&E slides and 1 S100 protein, 1 HMB-45, and 1 Melan-A slide per melanoma SLN block) and to develop a more streamlined protocol.Design.—Histologic slides from SLN resections from 194 patients with diagnosed cutaneous melanoma were submitted to the CLS dermatopathology group. Tissue blocks were processed according to the CLS SLN protocol. The slides were re-reviewed to determine whether or not metastatic melanoma was identified microscopically at each step of the protocol. Using SPSS software, a decision tree was then created to determine which step most accurately reflected the true diagnosis.Results.—We found with Melan-A immunostain that 337 of 337 negative SLNs (100%) were correctly diagnosed as negative and 55 of 56 positive nodes (98.2%) were correctly diagnosed as positive. With the addition of an H&E level, 393 of 393 SLNs (100%) were accurately diagnosed.Conclusions.—We recommend routine melanoma SLN evaluation protocols be limited to 2 slides: 1 H&E stain and 1 Melan-A stain. This protocol is both time- and cost-efficient and yields high diagnostic accuracy.
The Impact of Dental Treatments on Blood Pressure Variations
Authors: OLMO GONZÁLEZ Belisa , GONZÁLEZ-MARTÍN Miguel ángel , OLMO-VİLLASECA José Manuel , MAÑES-MEDİNA Anna , RİBERA-URİBE Manuel 
Published: March 2019

Objectives: The aim was to determine whether there are alterations in the fluctuations of systolic and diastolic blood pressure or the heart rate of normotensive versus hypertensive participants undergoing antihypertensive treatment during surgical and non-surgical dental treatments, regarding whether or not anaesthetics were used with a vasoconstrictor.Materials and methods: A prospective, observational, epidemiological study was conducted in a sample of 200 participants older than 65 years (100 normotensive and 100 hypertensive participants on antihypertensive treatment). Five periods for evaluation were established. Demographic information was obtained regarding whether or not anaesthetics were used (with or without a vasoconstrictor) and whether or not the participants underwent surgical treatment. The statistical analysis consisted of a doubly multivariate analysis of repeated measures for multiple dependent variables.Results: Significant differences were observed in the evolution of systolic blood pressure, with an initial increase in participants undergoing surgical treatment and those without a vasoconstrictor. On the other hand, systolic blood pressure decreased with non-surgical treatments, but it remained stable with the use of a vasoconstrictor. Diastolic blood pressure showed no interaction effect in participants undergoing surgical or non-surgical treatments; with the use of a vasoconstrictor, it initially decreased, while in the absence of a vasoconstrictor, it increased. Heart rate initially decreased in participants undergoing surgical and non-surgical treatments and was analogous whether or not a vasoconstrictor was used.Conclusions: During blood pressure monitoring, blood pressure variations occur, but there is no clinical repercussion in participants because once the treatment is completed, the initial values are recovered. Arterial hypertension is a pathology of high prevalence that tends to increase with age. The blood pressure response to surgical and non-surgical dental treatments and the effect of local anaesthetics is important because follow-up and blood pressure control in older patient cohorts can improve dental and clinical management.
Analyse de la gouvernance systémique des universités au Québec et comparaisons avec quatre autres provinces canadiennes
Authors: Bégin-Caouette Olivier , Trottier Claude , Eastman Julia , Jones Glen A. , Noumi Christian , Li Sharon X 
Published: March 2019

Les sociétés du savoir ont de nombreuses exigences à l’égard des universités ; or il est suggéré que ces dernières répondraient plus adéquatement à ces exigences lorsqu’elles sont autonomes (Altbach et Balán, 2007). Cet article vise à mettre en lumière diverses dimensions de l’encadrement du système universitaire québécois par l’État relativement à l’autonomie des établissements et à comparer la situation québécoise avec celle ayant cours en Alberta, en Colombie-Britannique, en Ontario et en Nouvelle-Écosse. Une analyse thématique réalisée sur 77 documents officiels (dont 29 au Québec) et sur les transcriptions de 93 entrevues (dont 30 au Québec) a permis d’identifier trois grandes dimensions de la gouvernance systémique, soit le cadre législatif et réglementaire, le statut comptable et les règles budgétaires, ainsi que les interventions du gouvernement dans la gestion interne des universités. L’analyse révèle que l’autonomie dont jouissent les universités varie d’une province à l’autre : les universités néo-écossaises et ontariennes bénéficieraient de plus d’autonomie que leurs consœurs albertaines et britanno-colombiennes. Le Québec se situerait globalement au centre puisqu’il comprend deux secteurs universitaires dont les dimensions suggèrent des niveaux d’autonomie différents.
Effect of Seasons, Mulching Materials, and Fruit Quality on a Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) Variety
Authors: Ajibola Olufemi Victor , Amujoyegbe Bamidele Julius 
Published: March 2019

Aims: The experiment aimed to investigate the effect of seasons (early raining and late raining) and mulching materials (Black polyethylene, White polyethylene, Grass-mulch and control) on marketable fruit yield of cucumber.
Study Design: The experimental design was a 4 x 4 factorial laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Data were collected on plant morphology and fruit components; number of leave, vine length, branch number, tendril number, stem diameter; number of fruits per plant, fruit length, fruit circumference, fruit weight, number of marketable fruits per plot and number of non-marketable fruit per plot and fruit yield per plot (converted to per hectare).
Place and Duration of Study: The present study was carried out at Teaching and Research Farm of Obafemi Awolowo University (OAU), Ile-Ife, Nigeria (located on longitude 04º33lE and latitude 08º28lN at 244 m above sea level) during the growing seasons of 2017 and 2018.
Methodology: The data collected were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) using (SAS, 2003 version). Means of significant treatments were separated using Duncan`s Multiple Range Test (DMRT).
Results: The obtained results revealed that seasons and mulching materials had significant effect on some of the parameters investigated. Late season significantly enhanced the fruit length, fruit weight and total fruit yield when compared with the early seasons. The mulching materials, black polyethylene mulching materials significantly enhanced the morphology and some of fruit components; fruit length and fruit weight while white plastic mulch significantly improved the number of fruit per plant, fruit diameter and total yield of cucumber at both early and late seasons followed by grass-mulch. However, control consistently produced the highest number of non-marketable fruits when compared with other treatments investigated.
Conclusion: Therefore, planting of Poinsett76 variety towards the ending of raining seasons with the application of white plastic mulching is highly recommended for the small holder farmers.
Community Poultry Project for Conserving the Wildlife Species in Magombera Forest, Tanzania
Authors: Ngongolo Kelvin , Sigala Ezekiel , Mtoka Samuel 
Published: March 2019

Aims: Poaching of wildlife is a major challenge in their conservation, including endemic ones like Procolobus gordonorum Matschie. Local communities in Udzungwa and Magombera poach for subsistence and small scale commerce. The Community poultry project adjacent to Magombera forest contributed towards enhancing the conservation of wildlife species through providing community with poultry as an alternative livelihood where meat and income can be generated in legal and convenient methods.
Place and Duration of Study: This study took place in communities surrounding the Magombera Forest in the Morogoro region of Tanzania. The study was conducted from July 2018 to January 2019.
Methodology: Random semi-structured questionnaires with Likert scaling were administered to 119 local community members neighbouring the Magombera Forest. A training workshop in which the participants were trained on veterinary and improved rearing practices in order to address the challenges were administered to 52 participants, followed by pre- and post-training evaluation questions that assessed the challenges and opportunity for poultry keeping.
Results: Sixty one percent of respondents reported that they kept chickens before training, after training all showed an inclination to keep chickens for meat and income generation. The respondents reported that challenges for poultry keeping are diseases control, market for products, rearing system and predators and parasites.
Conclusion: Training on poultry production to enhance conservation of biodiversity in Magombera forest is essential. However from this study it is clear that crucial challenges (such as diseases) for successful poultry production, specified by local communities, need to be dealt with first.
FAM175B promotes apoptosis by inhibiting ATF4 ubiquitination in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Zhao Yu , Yu Yang , Li Hengcun , Zhang Zheng , Guo Shuilong , Zhu Shengtao , Guo Qingdong , Li Peng , Min Li , Zhang Shutian 
Published: March 2019

FAM175B is a reported regulator of p53 and suppresses tumorigenesis in numerous types of cancer, but very little is known about its function in esophageal squamous cell carcinomas (ESCCs), almost 70% of which exhibit mutations in p53. Here, we report that FAM175B expression is downregulated in high‐grade intraepithelial neoplasia (t = 2.44, P = 0.031) and ESCC (t = 5.664, P < 0.001) tissues relative to that in adjacent normal esophageal tissues. Exogenous expression of FAM175B in ESCC cells resulted in a decrease in proliferation rate, inhibition of colony formation, and an increase in apoptosis rate. Knockdown of FAM175B produced the opposite results. Furthermore, confocal microscopy and coimmunoprecipitation assay showed that Activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4) colocalized and interacted with FAM175B. Ubiquitination assays revealed that FAM175B inhibited ubiquitin‐dependent ATF4 degradation and elevated ATF4 protein level. Finally, luciferase reporter experiments further clarified that FAM175B promoted CHOP expression in an ATF4‐dependent manner. Accordingly, the proapoptotic activity of FAM175B was significantly rescued by treatment with si‐ATF4 and the CHOP inhibitor 4‐PBA. In summary, FAM175B inhibited ATF4 ubiquitination and promoted ESCC cell apoptosis in a p53‐independent manner. FAM175B expression loss may be an early diagnostic biomarker in ESCC patients.
Production and Patterning of Liquid Phase–Exfoliated 2D Sheets for Applications in Optoelectronics
Authors: Witomska Samanta , Leydecker Tim , Ciesielski Artur , Samorì Paolo 
Published: March 2019

Abstract2D materials (2DMs), which can be produced by exfoliating bulk crystals of layered materials, display unique optical and electrical properties, making them attractive components for a wide range of technological applications. This review describes the most recent developments in the production of high‐quality 2DMs based inks using liquid‐phase exfoliation (LPE), combined with the patterning approaches, highlighting convenient and effective methods for generating materials and films with controlled thicknesses down to the atomic scale. Different processing strategies that can be employed to deposit the produced inks as patterns and functional thin‐films are introduced, by focusing on those that can be easily translated to the industrial scale such as coating, spraying, and various printing technologies. By providing insight into the multiscale analyses of numerous physical and chemical properties of these functional films and patterns, with a specific focus on their extraordinary electronic characteristics, this review offers the readers crucial information for a profound understanding of the fundamental properties of these patterned surfaces as the millstone toward the generation of novel multifunctional devices. Finally, the challenges and opportunities associated to the 2DMs' integration into working opto‐electronic (nano)devices is discussed.