bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Early Modern Multiloquent Authors (EMMA): Designing a large-scale corpus of individuals’ languages
Authors: Petré Peter , Anthonissen Lynn , Budts Sara , Manjavacas Enrique , Silva Emma-Louise , Standing William , Strik Odile A.O. 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
The present article provides a detailed description of the corpus of Early Modern Multiloquent Authors (EMMA), as well as two small case studies that illustrate its benefits. As a large-scale specialized corpus, EMMA tries to strike the right balance between big data and sociolinguistic coverage. It comprises the writings of 50 carefully selected authors across five generations, mostly taken from the 17th-century London society. EMMA enables the study of language as both a social and cognitive phenomenon and allows us to explore the interaction between the individual and aggregate levels.
The first part of the article is a detailed description of EMMA’s first release as well as the sociolinguistic and methodological principles that underlie its design and compilation. We cover the conceptual decisions and practical implementations at various stages of the compilation process: from text-markup, encoding and data preprocessing to metadata enrichment and verification.
In the second part, we present two small case studies to illustrate how rich contextualization can guide the interpretation of quantitative corpus-linguistic findings. The first case study compares the past tense formation of strong verbs in writers without access to higher education to that of writers with an extensive training in Latin. The second case study relates s/th-variation in the language of a single writer, Margaret Cavendish, to major shifts in her personal life.
The Dialectics of Industrial Design viz-a-viz The Meta – Design Phenomenon: The on-Going Narrative / Implications for New Design Paradigms and Design Education
Authors: Efe Obasuyi Osa-Francis 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
The paper examined the dialectics and the Philosophical Theorization of the Phenomenon of Industrial design viz-a-viz meta-design, both as new areas of the philosophical discourse and intellectualization of both fields. This is not only as new subject disciplines / profession but also as New/Novel, and “uncharted waters” in the study and philosophy of both. Which is aimed at their adoption as a veritable tool and vehicle, for achieving New and innovative franchises and enterprises that might thus help bring about creating potentially New Design paradigms. In the body of the text it was established that by employing interdisciplinarity and collaborative efforts / approaches, designers try to achieve these New design efforts which are inspired by the way living organisms, systems and mechanisms, function and work. This eventually will influence, change or completely overhaul the way we feed, cloth ourselves, shelter, communicate or even co-habit in the future. The paper also established that the implications of the above will help engender a new narrative in the discussions and reasoning (or the dialectics) of these two disciplines and also of how they will affect the subjects practice and the various attempts aimed at its Pedagogy /Education. It was also established that the nature of such an Education and the Impartation of the adequate Design skills to graduates must adopt New strategies and implementation of an Industrial/Technological-based subject-Bias that leans towards Design intuitiveness, ingenious Technical/Technologically result oriented reasoning and practices. Bearing in mind the infusion also of various multidisciphinary subject areas that will help broaden the learner’s horizon. The paper recommends that the issue of the Dialectics and phenomenology of Industrial Design/Meta design (which is the philosophical study of the structure and makeup (or consciousness) of the concepts, context and content of industrial design) must be embedded in the implementation of the three conceptual Approaches of Design which are:-Design Awareness, Design Activity and Design Manufacture/fabrication. This is the sum total of all Design and Creative endeavours.
Active Learning and Development of Design Thinking Ability at Students
Authors: Jitaru Oana 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
The paper analyzes paradigms that highlight the role of active teaching and active learning methods in developing the skills for the professional and social life of the students. The first chapter of the paper argues the need to develop social and creative abilities that lead students to competence in design thinking. Successful response of the student to the demands of professional and social life requires skills like empathy, assertiveness, cooperation, problem solving, implementation of innovative solutions. Ability of design thinking involves a divergent thinking, ability to autonomously design their own strategies in relation to personal development needs, self-assertion and prosocial project development. The training of these skills is possible if the educational environment is one that offers stimulating techniques, adequately prepared human resources, social training contexts. Interactive teaching enables the student to act independently, to be capable of self-management and personal development. The proactive creativity of teachers facilitates active learning methods which will lead to students developing empathy, assertiveness and competence in design thinking.
HARGA DIRI DAN KEMATANGAN KARIER PADA MAHASISWA TINGKAT AKHIR
Authors: Purnasari Kristiana Dwi , Abdullah Sri Muliati 
Published: April 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara harga diri dengan kematangan karier pada mahasiswa S1 tingkat akhir di Yogyakarta. Hipotesis yang diajukan dalam penelitian ini adalah terdapat hubungan positif antara harga diri dengan kematangan karier pada mahasiswa S1 tingkat akhir. Subyek penelitian ini yaitu mahasiswa S1 tingkat akhir di Yogyakarta, dengan usia 21-24 tahun dengan jumlah 101 orang. Metode pengumpulan data penelitian ini yaitu dengan menggunakan metode skala yakni skala Harga Diri dan skala Kematangan Karier. Analisis data menggunakan korelasi product moment. Hasil analisis data pada penelitian ini menunjukkan nilai r = 0,628 (p<0.05). Berdasarkan hasil korelasi tersebut, maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat hubungan positif antara harga diri dengan kematangan karier pada mahasiswa S1 tingkat akhir di Yogyakarta, sehingga hipotesis yang diajukan dapat diterima. Berdasarkan analisis data diketahui bahwa variabel harga diri memberikan sumbangan sebesar R2 = 0,394 atau 39,4% terhadap kematangan karier dan 60,6% dipengaruhi oleh faktor lain.
Association of the Arginase Ι with Bronchial Asthma
Authors: Amin Said Ashti Mohammad , Al-Naqshbandi Ahmed Abdulqader , Amin Yasin Kareem , Ali Rebwar Jalal 
Published: April 2019

Objective The aim of this study was to detect the arginase Ι (ARG I) enzyme in asthma patients, clarify its role, in addition to examining the relationship of this enzyme with bronchial asthma.
Methods:
Blood samples were collected from 100 patients from the Department of Medicine in Rizgary Hospital in Erbil City, in addition to intact 100 volunteers; the introduced questionnaire was filled out on the basis of type-induced asthma, duration of the disease, age of the patients, gender, family history, and allergy condition, Serum was separated to perform Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in Medical Research Center to examine the association of ARGΙ with bronchial asthma. By ARG activity we can measure the conversion of arginine to ornithine and urea. By using a quantitative colorimetric assay at 490 nm, employing a QuantiChrom arginase assay kit (Bioassay Systems).
Results: Our results depicted the association between ARGΙ and bronchial asthma: based on their age, significant elevation of serum arginase level was observed in the patients with ≥81 years old, which mean value (100.16±19.77c), p-value (0.000); also the duration of asthma ≥20 years (82.48±38.81c) , p-value (0.01) were remarkably affected; this sign was found in those with types of induced asthma and with allergy condition. But the non- significant difference in the frequency of abnormal serum arginase level was observed in those patients that have a family history of asthma disease and gender of the patients. This finding demonstrated a remarkable association of ARG Ι in the development of asthma at p ˂ 0.05.
Experiential value mediates relationship between Experiential Marketing and Customer Satisfaction
Authors: Shah Irfan Ali , Rajper Zulfiqar Ali , Ghumro Ikhtiar Ali , Mahar Saqib Wahab 
Published: April 2019

This empirical study explores mediating role of experiential value between experiential marketing and Customer satisfaction in the context of Pakistan. The Experiential marketing is used as independent variable consist of five dimensions (Sense Experience, Feel Experience, Think Experience, Act Experience and Relate Experience), Experiential value is used as mediator which is consist of four dimensions aesthetic, playfulness, service excellence, and consumer return on investment (CROI) Customer Satisfaction is used as dependent variable in this research. Fast food industry is selected for this study. Survey method is used to collect data, SPSS (18) and AMOS (18) versions are used for data analysis. Results are supporting the hypothesis that experiential value mediates relationship between experiential marketing and customer satisfaction. This particular study is among few studies which have explored the mediating role of experiential value between experiential marketing and customer satisfaction. The current study will benefit marketers in understanding the importance of customer’s experiences, experiential value that leads to Customer Satisfaction.
Un dispositif innovant en psycho-oncologie pour accompagner les jeunes enfants endeuillés :La Petite Fille aux allumettes
Authors: Ducos Suares M. , Duriez N. 
Published: April 2019

Objectif: Perdre un parent d’un cancer à un âge précoce est un facteur de risque pour le développement psychique de l’enfant. L’objectif de cette étude qualitative est d’évaluer l’efficacité d’un groupe thérapeutique pour les enfants endeuillés, La Petite Fille aux allumettes.Méthode: Les outils utilisés pour cette étude sont le Family Adaptation and Cohesion Scales IV pour estimer la cohésion et la flexibilité familiales, l’ERC-vf pour examiner la régulation émotionnelle des enfants avant et après la prise en charge et la théorisation ancrée pour analyser les comptes rendus des séances.Résultats: Le cas de Tom illustre le poids des caractéristiques familiales dans l’efficacité du dispositif. Le fonctionnement rigide de la famille, avec des règles strictes qui ne peuvent être remises en question, ne favorise pas la communication parent–enfant.Conclusion: Dans certains cas, une thérapie systémique est recommandée.
How definitive treatment affects the rupture rate of unruptured cerebral aneurysms: a competing risk survival analysis
Authors: Kimura Toshikazu , Ochiai Chikayuki , Kawai Kensuke , Morita Akio , Saito Nobuhito 
Published: April 2019

OBJECTIVETo investigate the risk of bleeding from unruptured cerebral aneurysms (UCAs), previous studies have used Kaplan-Meier analyses without treating the definitive treatment as a competing risk event, which may underestimate the rupture rate. The authors analyzed the survival of patients with UCAs alongside the occurrence of aneurysm bleeding and its competing risk events.METHODSA retrospective analysis was conducted on 722 patients diagnosed with UCAs in the period from 2000 to 2009 using an institution’s electronic medical records and telephone interviews. The cumulative incidence of aneurysm rupture was examined, and factors contributing to rupture were assessed using regression analyses.RESULTSBy 2014, 19 patients had experienced aneurysm rupture, with an overall rupture rate of 0.57% per year over 3320.8 person-years. However, cumulative incidence analysis indicated that 1.3% of all patients had a rupture within 2 years after aneurysm identification, and 38.4% of the patients underwent definitive treatment in the same period. Among the patients who experienced rupture, regression analysis revealed that an aneurysm size greater than 5 mm, a location in the anterior or posterior communicating arteries, and an irregular shape contributed to aneurysm rupture, with HRs of 4.4 (95% CI 1.2–15.7), 3.5 (95% CI 1.4–8.7), and 2.1 (95% CI 0.7–6.0), respectively.CONCLUSIONSRupture rate analyses using the person-year or standard Kaplan-Meier method are not as informative without consideration of the competing risks. The incidence of aneurysm rupture should be presented clearly with those of competing risks.
A novel proposed grading system for cerebellar arteriovenous malformations
Authors: Nisson Peyton L. , Fard Salman A. , Walter Christina M. , Johnstone Cameron M. , Mooney Michael A. , Tayebi Meybodi Ali , Lang Michael , Kim Helen , Jahnke Heidi , Roe Denise J. , Dumont Travis M. , Lemole G. Michael , Spetzler Robert F. , Lawton Michael T. 
Published: April 2019

OBJECTIVEThe objective of this study was to evaluate the existing Spetzler-Martin (SM), Spetzler-Ponce (SP), and Lawton-Young (LY) grading systems for cerebellar arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) and to propose a new grading system to estimate the risks associated with these lesions.METHODSData for patients with cerebellar AVMs treated microsurgically in two tertiary medical centers were retrospectively reviewed. Data from patients at institution 1 were collected from September 1999 to February 2013, and at institution 2 from October 2008 to October 2015. Patient outcomes were classified as favorable (modified Rankin Scale [mRS] score 0–2) or poor (mRS score 3–6) at the time of discharge. Using chi-square and logistic regression analysis, variables associated with poor outcomes were assigned risk points to design the proposed grading system. The proposed system included neurological status prior to treatment (poor, +2 points), emergency surgery (+1 point), age > 60 years (+1 point), and deep venous drainage (deep, +1 point). Risk point totals of 0–1 comprised grade 1, 2–3 grade 2, and 4–5 grade 3.RESULTSA total of 125 cerebellar AVMs of 1328 brain AVMs were reviewed in 125 patients, 120 of which were treated microsurgically and included in the study. With our proposed grading system, we found poor outcomes differed significantly between each grade (p < 0.001), while with the SM, SP, and LY grading systems they did not (p = 0.22, p = 0.25, and p = 1, respectively). Logistic regression revealed grade 2 had 3.3 times the risk of experiencing a poor outcome (p = 0.008), while grade 3 had 9.9 times the risk (p < 0.001). The proposed grading system demonstrated a superior level of predictive accuracy (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve [AUROC] of 0.72) compared with the SM, SP, and LY grading systems (AUROC of 0.61, 0.57, and 0.51, respectively).CONCLUSIONSThe authors propose a novel grading system for cerebellar AVMs based on emergency surgery, venous drainage, preoperative neurological status, and age that provides a superior prognostication power than the formerly proposed SM, SP, and LY grading systems. This grading system is clinically predictive of patient outcomes and can be used to better guide vascular neurosurgeons in clinical decision-making.
Hemorrhage risk of cerebral dural arteriovenous fistulas following Gamma Knife radiosurgery in a multicenter international consortium
Authors: Starke Robert M. , McCarthy David J. , Chen Ching-Jen , Kano Hideyuki , McShane Brendan J. , Lee John , Patibandla Mohana Rao , Mathieu David , Vasas Lucas T. , Kaufmann Anthony M. , Wang Wei Gang , Grills Inga S. , Cifarelli Christopher P. , Paisan Gabriella , Vargo John , Chytka Tomas , Janouskova Ladislava , Feliciano Caleb E. , Sujijantarat Nanthiya , Matouk Charles , Chiang Veronica , Hess Judith , Rodriguez-Mercado Rafael , Tonetti Daniel A. , Lunsford L. Dade , Sheehan Jason P. 
Published: April 2019

OBJECTIVEThe authors performed a study to evaluate the hemorrhagic rates of cerebral dural arteriovenous fistulas (dAVFs) and the risk factors of hemorrhage following Gamma Knife radiosurgery (GKRS).METHODSData from a cohort of patients undergoing GKRS for cerebral dAVFs were compiled from the International Radiosurgery Research Foundation. The annual posttreatment hemorrhage rate was calculated as the number of hemorrhages divided by the patient-years at risk. Risk factors for dAVF hemorrhage prior to GKRS and during the latency period after radiosurgery were evaluated in a multivariate analysis.RESULTSA total of 147 patients with dAVFs were treated with GKRS. Thirty-six patients (24.5%) presented with hemorrhage. dAVFs that had any cortical venous drainage (CVD) (OR = 3.8, p = 0.003) or convexity or torcula location (OR = 3.3, p = 0.017) were more likely to present with hemorrhage in multivariate analysis. Half of the patients had prior treatment (49.7%). Post-GRKS hemorrhage occurred in 4 patients, with an overall annual risk of 0.84% during the latency period. The annual risks of post-GKRS hemorrhage for Borden type 2–3 dAVFs and Borden type 2–3 hemorrhagic dAVFs were 1.45% and 0.93%, respectively. No hemorrhage occurred after radiological confirmation of obliteration. Independent predictors of hemorrhage following GKRS included nonhemorrhagic neural deficit presentation (HR = 21.6, p = 0.027) and increasing number of past endovascular treatments (HR = 1.81, p = 0.036).CONCLUSIONSPatients have similar rates of hemorrhage before and after radiosurgery until obliteration is achieved. dAVFs that have any CVD or are located in the convexity or torcula were more likely to present with hemorrhage. Patients presenting with nonhemorrhagic neural deficits and a history of endovascular treatments had higher risks of post-GKRS hemorrhage.
Receptor tyrosine kinase gene amplification is predictive of intraoperative seizures during glioma resection with functional mapping
Authors: Choi Bryan D. , Lee Daniel K. , Yang Jimmy C. , Ayinon Caroline M. , Lee Christine K. , Maus Douglas , Carter Bob S. , Barker Fred G. , Jones Pamela S. , Nahed Brian V. , Cahill Daniel P. , See Reiner B. , Simon Mirela V. , Curry William T. 
Published: April 2019

OBJECTIVEIntraoperative seizures during craniotomy with functional mapping is a common complication that impedes optimal tumor resection and results in significant morbidity. The relationship between genetic mutations in gliomas and the incidence of intraoperative seizures has not been well characterized. Here, the authors performed a retrospective study of patients treated at their institution over the last 12 years to determine whether molecular data can be used to predict the incidence of this complication.METHODSThe authors queried their institutional database for patients with brain tumors who underwent resection with intraoperative functional mapping between 2005 and 2017. Basic clinicopathological characteristics, including the status of the following genes, were recorded: IDH1/2, PIK3CA, BRAF, KRAS, AKT1, EGFR, PDGFRA, MET, MGMT, and 1p/19q. Relationships between gene alterations and intraoperative seizures were evaluated using chi-square and two-sample t-test univariate analysis. When considering multiple predictive factors, a logistic multivariate approach was taken.RESULTSOverall, 416 patients met criteria for inclusion; of these patients, 98 (24%) experienced an intraoperative seizure. Patients with a history of preoperative seizure and those treated with antiepileptic drugs prior to surgery were less likely to have intraoperative seizures (history: OR 0.61 [95% CI 0.38–0.96], chi-square = 4.65, p = 0.03; AED load: OR 0.46 [95% CI 0.26–0.80], chi-square = 7.64, p = 0.01). In a univariate analysis of genetic markers, amplification of genes encoding receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) was specifically identified as a positive predictor of seizures (OR 5.47 [95% CI 1.22–24.47], chi-square = 5.98, p = 0.01). In multivariate analyses considering RTK status, AED use, and either 2007 WHO tumor grade or modern 2016 WHO tumor groups, the authors found that amplification of the RTK proto-oncogene, MET, was most predictive of intraoperative seizure (p < 0.05).CONCLUSIONSThis study describes a previously unreported association between genetic alterations in RTKs and the occurrence of intraoperative seizures during glioma resection with functional mapping. Future models estimating intraoperative seizure risk may be enhanced by inclusion of genetic criteria.
Accuracy of frameless image-guided implantation of depth electrodes for intracranial epilepsy monitoring
Authors: Gross Robert E. , Sung Edward K. , Mulligan Patrick , Laxpati Nealen G. , Mayo Darlene A. , Rolston John D. 
Published: April 2019

OBJECTIVEVarious techniques are available for stereotactic implantation of depth electrodes for intracranial epilepsy monitoring. The goal of this study was to evaluate the accuracy and effectiveness of frameless MRI-guided depth electrode implantation.METHODSUsing a frameless MRI-guided stereotactic approach (Stealth), depth electrodes were implanted in patients via burr holes or craniotomy, mostly into the medial temporal lobe. In all cases in which it was possible, postoperative MR images were coregistered to planning MR images containing the marked targets for quantitative analysis of intended versus actual location of each electrode tip. In the subset of MR images done with sufficient resolution, qualitative assessment of anatomical accuracy was performed. Finally, the effectiveness of implanted electrodes for identifying seizure onset was retrospectively examined.RESULTSSixty-eight patients underwent frameless implantation of 413 depth electrodes (96% to mesial temporal structures) via burr holes by one surgeon at 2 institutions. In 36 patients (203 electrodes) planning and postoperative MR images were available for quantitative analysis; an additional 8 procedures with 19 electrodes implanted via craniotomy for grid were also available for quantitative analysis. The median distance between intended target and actual tip location was 5.19 mm (mean 6.19 ± 4.13 mm, range < 2 mm–29.4 mm). Inaccuracy for transtemporal depths was greater along the electrode (i.e., deep), and posterior, whereas electrodes inserted via an occipital entry deviated radially. Failure to localize seizure onset did not result from implantation inaccuracy, although 2 of 62 patients (3.2%)—both with electrodes inserted occipitally—required reoperation. Complications were mostly transient, but resulted in long-term deficit in 2 of 68 patients (3%).CONCLUSIONSDespite modest accuracy, frameless depth electrode implantation was sufficient for seizure localization in the medial temporal lobe when using the orthogonal approach, but may not be adequate for occipital trajectories.