bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CEST MR‐Fingerprinting: Practical considerations and insights for acquisition schedule design and improved reconstruction
Authors: Perlman Or , Herz Kai , Zaiss Moritz , Cohen Ouri , Rosen Matthew S. , Farrar Christian T. 
Published: August 2019

PurposeTo understand the influence of various acquisition parameters on the ability of CEST MR‐Fingerprinting (MRF) to discriminate different chemical exchange parameters and to provide tools for optimal acquisition schedule design and parameter map reconstruction.MethodsNumerical simulations were conducted using a parallel computing implementation of the Bloch‐McConnell equations, examining the effect of TR, TE, flip‐angle, water and , saturation‐pulse duration, power, and frequency on the discrimination ability of CEST‐MRF. A modified Euclidean distance matching metric was evaluated and compared to traditional dot product matching. L‐Arginine phantoms of various concentrations and pH were scanned at 4.7T and the results compared to numerical findings.ResultsSimulations for dot product matching demonstrated that the optimal flip‐angle and saturation times are and 1100 ms, respectively. The optimal maximal saturation power was 3.4 μT for concentrated solutes with a slow exchange rate, and 5.2 μT for dilute solutes with medium‐to‐fast exchange rates. Using the Euclidean distance matching metric, much lower maximum saturation powers were required (1.6 and 2.4 μT, respectively), with a slightly longer saturation time (1500 ms) and flip‐angle. For both matching metrics, the discrimination ability increased with the repetition time. The experimental results were in agreement with simulations, demonstrating that more than a 50% reduction in scan‐time can be achieved by Euclidean distance‐based matching.ConclusionsOptimization of the CEST‐MRF acquisition schedule is critical for obtaining the best exchange parameter accuracy. The use of Euclidean distance‐based matching of signal trajectories simultaneously improved the discrimination ability and reduced the scan time and maximal saturation power required.
Hospital food: When nurses' and ethnic minority patients' understanding of Islamic dietary needs differ
Authors: Alpers Lise‐Merete 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to investigate how medical unit nurses assess their knowledge about Muslim patients' dietary preferences and needs and Muslim patients' needs regarding food.DesignMixed‐method design.MethodsTwo‐part study. Part 1: Two focus group interviews and a survey answered by medical unit nurses. Part 2: In‐depth interviews with ten immigrant patients (eight Asians and two Africans). Hermeneutic analysis of qualitative data and SPSS were used for descriptive analysis of the quantitative data.ResultsThe nurses' knowledge about acceptable and prohibited food within Islam appears to be simplistic and Muslim patients tended to be perceived as a homogenous group. Patients' distrust about the preparation and content of the food served may result in insufficient nutritional intake. Serving food that is acceptable to individual patients requires insight and is an essential part of culturally sensitive nursing care.
‘The hospital and everyday life are two worlds’: Patients’ and healthcare professionals’ experiences and perspectives on collaboration in the kidney transplantation process
Authors: Nielsen Charlotte , Agerskov Hanne , Bistrup Claus , Clemensen Jane 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAimTo explore patients’ and healthcare professionals’ experiences and perspectives on collaboration in the kidney transplantation process.DesignA qualitative study with a phenomenological‐hermeneutic approach.MethodParticipant observation and interviews were conducted with 18 patients, together with a focus group with eight healthcare professionals from April 2016–January 2017. The data analysis was inspired by Ricoeur's theory.ResultsWhile patients acknowledged that the healthcare professionals were experts, they also requested an everyday life approach to treatment and care, because both professional knowledge and everyday life experiences were needed to manage everyday life. A contrast between patients’ experiences and healthcare professionals’ knowledge was identified, and the empowerment approach could be a way to combine the different perspectives.
Conducting surveys with multidisciplinary health care providers: Current challenges and creative approaches to sampling, recruitment, and data collection
Authors: Hutchinson Mary Katherine , Sutherland Melissa A. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractSurveys represent one of the most common and useful ways to collect self‐reported data on a wide variety of topics and from a diversity of respondents, including health care providers (HCPs). Unfortunately, survey response rates have been declining for decades; surveys with HCPs often yield response rates of 40% or less. Another major challenge in surveys with HCPs arises from difficulties in identifying appropriate sampling frames. The lack of appropriate sampling frames is particularly problematic when trying to survey multiple types of HCPs or those who work in unusual practice settings or specialties. The purpose of this paper is to describe the current challenges to survey research with college HCPs who are members of multidisciplinary care teams, and propose alternative approaches to sampling and data collection. An exemplar is provided in which three different approaches to sampling, recruitment and data collection were undertaken with a multidisciplinary sample of college HCPs. The three approaches are compared in terms of response rates, costs, and sample characteristics. Differences were noted in effort, response rates, and sample characteristics. Respondents recruited from professional organization mailing lists were disproportionately from smaller, private college/universities, as compared with those recruited from colleges/universities selected from a U.S. Department of Education list. However, no differences in variables of interest were found between the three samples, reducing concerns of potential bias. Developing best practices for surveying multiple types of HCPs will become increasingly important as we seek to better understand current care processes and plan implementation studies to promote the adoption of practice recommendations.
Investigating the mechanical, morphological, and thermal behavior of PA‐6/SAN/MWCNT blends: Application of Taguchi experimental design
Authors: Shabani Ali , Babaei Amir , Zanjanijam Ali Reza , Ramezani Maryam , Haji Abdolrasouli Mehdi 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThis work presents the study of morphology, melting and crystallization characteristics, and mechanical properties of the PA‐6/SAN blends reinforced with multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). The Taguchi method was employed to design the experiments based on the three varying parameters (ie, blend composition, nanofiller content, and sequence of blending) to obtain the optimized mechanical properties of the nanocomposites. In addition, localization of nanotubes was studied in terms of thermodynamic and kinetic prospects. It was observed that, due to the preferential tendency for localization of the carbon nanotubes toward the PA‐6 matrix, mixing protocol had an important role in determining the performance of the nanocomposites. Incorporation of an optimum weight percent of the MWCNT provided a good dispersion of the nanotubes and also an appropriate morphology for the blend. According to the analysis based on the Taguchi method, the optimum mixing protocol, blend composition, and MWCNT loading were M2, 80/20, and 0.5 wt%, respectively.
Computation and modeling of microwave absorbing CuO/graphene nanocomposites
Authors: Akinay Yuksel , Kizilcay Abdullah O. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIn this study, the microwave absorption properties of single‐ and double‐layer composites were investigated for experimental and numerical solution in the 8.2 to 12.4 GHz for different thickness (t
m) of composites. Herein, the single‐layer composites (R1: CuO and R2: CuO‐containing graphene nanoparticle [GNP]) and double‐layer composites that composed of R1 and R2 layers were fabricated. The first double‐layer composite labeled as D1 contains R1 as a matching layer and R2 as an absorbing layer and the second double‐layer composite labeled as D2 contains R2 as a matching layer and R1 as an absorbing layer. D1 and D2 produced composites were also designed numerically and denoted as M1 and M2, respectively. The measured and simulated reflection loss (R
L) of double‐layer composites shows similar performance, and it was observed that the microwave absorbers obtained with experimental studies can be modeled using computer design. The M2 double‐layer design based on 5 mm of the matching layer and 2 mm of the absorbing layer shows a minimum R
L value of −33.7 dB at 10.06 GHz and an absorption bandwidth of about 1.13 GHz below −10 dB compared to single‐layer composites.
The validity of the viscero‐abdominal disproportion ratio for type of surgical closure in all fetuses with an omphalocele
Authors: Peters Nina C.J. , Hijkoop Annelieke , Lechner Rosan L. , Eggink Alex J. , van Rosmalen Joost , Tibboel Dick , Wijnen René M.H. , IJsselstijn Hanneke , Cohen‐Overbeek Titia E. 
Published: August 2019

What's already known about this topic?

In fetuses with an isolated omphalocele, the OC/AC ratio is less than 24 weeks; gestation is of predictive value for postnatal type of closure.
What does this study add?

The OC/AC ratio is predictive for type of surgical closure and survival in all fetuses with an omphalocele.
This report is the first concerning the trend of the OC/AC ratio throughout gestation.
The OC/AC ratio best predicts type of closure and survival in the third trimester of pregnancy.
Gender Differences in Outcomes after Traumatic Brain Injury among Service Members and Veterans
Authors: Cogan Alison M. , McCaughey Virginia K. , Scholten Joel 
Published: August 2019

This scoping study describes the range of outcomes in traumatic brain injury (TBI) studies of military service members and veterans addressing gender differences. A secondary purpose is to identify differences in outcomes between male and female participants in such studies. We searched PubMed, CiNAHL, and PsycInfo databases for relevant articles. Two reviewers independently screened results. Of 822 unique titles and abstracts screened for eligibility, 55 full articles were reviewed, with 29 studies meeting full inclusion criteria. Twenty of the 29 included studies used retrospective designs and all but two used data collected from Veterans Affairs or Department of Defense health care settings. TBI was diagnosed by self‐report, screening, and evaluation procedures, and medical record documentation. Ten different outcome categories were identified among the included studies. In general, female service members and veterans have not been well represented in TBI outcomes research. Evidence suggests that female veterans with mild TBI (mTBI) report more neurobehavioral symptoms and use more outpatient services than male veterans. Studies also indicate that female veterans with TBI are more frequently diagnosed with depression. Additional research is essential to support precision treatment recommendations for female veterans with TBI, as women represent a growing proportion of the patients served by the Veterans Health Administration.Level of EvidenceIV
Cobalt(II) phenoxy‐imine complexes in radical polymerization of vinyl acetate: The interplay of catalytic chain transfer and controlled/living radical polymerization
Authors: Chen Yi‐Hao , Chen Shih‐Ji , Li Jia‐Qi , Wu Zhenqiang , Lee Gene‐Hsiang , Liu Yi‐Hung , Cheng Wei‐Ting , Yeh Chen‐Yu , Peng Chi‐How 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACTA series of cobalt(II) phenoxy‐imine complexes (CoII(FI)2) have been synthesized to mediate the radical polymerization of vinyl acetate (VAc) and methyl acrylate (MA) to evaluate the influence of chelating atoms and configuration to the control of polymerization. The VAc polymerizations showed the properties of controlled/living radical polymerization (C/LRP) with complexes 1a and 3a, but the catalytic chain transfer (CCT) behaviors with complexes 2a, 1b, 2b, and 3b. The control of VAc polymerization mediated by complex 1a could be improved by decreasing the reaction temperature to approach the molecular weights that not only linearly increased with conversions but also matched the theoretical values and relatively narrow molecular weight distributions. The catalytic chain transfer polymerizations (CCTP) mediated by complexes 2a, 1b, 2b, and 3b were characterized by Mayo plots and the polymer chain end double bonds were observed by 1H NMR spectra. The tendency toward C/LRP or CCTP in VAc polymerization mediated by CoII(FI)2 could be determined by the ligand structure. Cobalt complex coordinated by the ligand with more steric hindered and less electron‐donating substituents favored the controlled/living radical polymerization. In contrast, the efficiency of CCT process could be enhanced by less steric hindered, more electron‐donating ligands. The controlled/living radical polymerization of MA, however, could not be achieved by the mediation of these cobalt(II) phenoxy‐imine complexes. Associated with the results of polymerization mediated by other cobalt complexes, this study implied that the configuration and spin state of cobalt complexes were more critical than the chelating atoms to the control behavior of radical polymerization. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci. 2020, 58, 101–113
Synthesis of oligo(spiroketal)s by polycondensation of silyl ethers derived from naturally occurring myo‐inositol with 1,4‐cyclohexanedione
Authors: Sudo Atsushi , Yamasaki Tomoki , Yamashita Takuro , Ishida Dai 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACTOligo(spiroketal)s (OSKs) were synthesized from myo‐inositol, a naturally occurring cyclic compound bearing six hydroxyl groups. The successful synthesis of OSKs was achieved using silyl ethers 2 derived from 1,4‐di‐O‐alkylated myo‐inositol 1 as monomers, which underwent polycondensation with 1,4‐cyclohexanedione (CHD) at 0 °C in the presence of trimethylsilyl triflate as a catalyst. Because of the irreversible nature of the condensation reaction of silyl ethers with ketones, the resulting OSKs 7 had higher molecular weights than previously reported OSKs that were obtained by polycondensation of tetraols 1 with CHD, where backward hydrolysis of the ketal functions occurred. In addition, another series of OSKs, 8, were synthesized using silyl ethers 3 derived from 2,5‐di‐O‐alkylated myo‐inositol 6, which are more symmetric monomers than silyl ethers 2. Silyl ethers 3 underwent efficient polycondensation with CHD, whereas tetraol 6 did not, demonstrating that the derivation of such tetraols into the corresponding silyl ethers is a powerful strategy to access OSKs. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2019, 57, 2407–2414
Investigating Chain Dynamics in Highly Crosslinked Polymers using Solid‐State 1H NMR Spectroscopy
Authors: Alam Todd M. , Jones Brad H. 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACTSolid state 1H NMR line‐shape analysis and (double quantum) DQ 1H NMR experiments have been used to investigate the segmental and polymer chain dynamics as a function of temperature for a series of thermosetting epoxy resins produced using different diamine curing agents. In these thermosets, chemical crosslinks introduce topological constraints leading to residual stresses during curing. Materials containing a unique ferrocene‐based diamine (FcDA) curing agent were evaluated to address the role of the ferrocene fluxional process on the atomic‐level polymer dynamics. At temperatures above the glass transition temperature (Tg), the DQ 1H NMR experiments provided a measure of the relative effective crosslink and entanglement densities for these materials and revealed significant polymer chain dynamic heterogeneity in the FcDA‐cured thermosets. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2019, 57, 1143–1156
A derived Polymorphic Amplified Cleaved Sequence assay for detecting the Δ210 PPX2L codon deletion conferring target‐site resistance to protoporphyrinogen oxidase‐inhibiting herbicides
Authors: Kaundun Shiv S , Hutchings Sarah‐Jane , Marchegiani Elisabetta , Rauser Ruben , Jackson Lucy V 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDResistance to protoporphyrinogen oxidase (PPO)‐inhibiting herbicides in Amaranthus rudis from corn/soybean production systems in the USA appears to be mainly due to a codon deletion at position 210 of the target PPX2L gene. In this study, we have developed a simple and cost‐effective derived Polymorphic Amplified Cleaved Sequenced (dPACS) marker for detecting this resistance‐causing deletion in A. rudis and other relevant weed species.RESULTSNinety‐six plants from 16 diverse fomesafen‐sensitive and resistant A. rudis populations from Illinois and Iowa were used to establish the dPACS procedure. The assay requires forced mismatches in both the forward and reverse PCR primers and uses the restriction enzyme XcmI for the positive identification of wild type glycine residue at PPX2L codon position 210. The data from the dPACS method, using either leaf tissues or seeds as starting material, were completely correlated with direct Sanger sequencing results for samples that gave readable nucleotide peaks around codon 210 of PPX2L. Furthermore, the assay was directly transferable to all four other Amaranthus species tested, and to Ambrosia artemisiifolia using species‐specific primers.CONCLUSIONThe proposed assay will allow the rapid detection of the Δ210 codon deletion in the PPX2L gene and the timely development of management strategies for tackling growing resistance to PPO‐inhibiting herbicides in A. rudis and other broadleaf weed species. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Chemical and growth traits of the peach tree may induce higher infestation rates of the green peach aphid, Myzus persicae (Sulzer)
Authors: Jordan Marie‐Odile , Sauge Marie‐Hélène , Vercambre Gilles 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe green peach aphids, Myzus persicae, are a predominant pest in peach orchards as they can alter fruiting and shoot development for several years. This aphid developed resistance against pesticides. Among the alternative control strategies is the reduction of the trees' attractiveness to aphids. In order to identify the plant variables related to plant susceptibility, young peach trees were submitted to various supplies of water and nitrogen, and then artificially infested with aphids. Shoot development, plant water potential and aphid abundance were then monitored on a weekly basis. The apex concentrations in total N, amino acids, soluble sugars and polyphenols were determined at infestation start and infestation peak.RESULTSUntil infestation peak, the thermal time requests for aphid development were independent of infestation severity. The aphid populations then collapsed more rapidly on the low infested shoots than on the high infested ones. Aphid abundances appeared to be positively related to shoot development (leaf expansion and secondary ramification), to shoot growth (stem length and diameter) and to apex concentrations in amino acids and non‐structural carbohydrates (NSC). Polyphenols had the opposite effect.CONCLUSIONPeach susceptibility to aphids depends on shoot development and apex composition, and could be lowered by decreasing the water and nitrogen inputs. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Improved synthetic route of exo‐16,17‐dihydro‐gibberellin A5‐13‐acetate and the bioactivity of its derivatives towards Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Tian Hao , He Yan , Liu Shaojin , Yang Zhikun , Wang Jine , Li Jianmin , Zhang Jianjun , Duan Liusheng , Li Zhaohu , Tan Weiming 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe use of exo‐16,17‐dihydro‐gibberellin A5‐13‐acetate (DHGA5) in agriculture has been limited by its low synthetic yield. This study was aimed at optimizing the synthetic route of DHGA5, designing and synthesizing new derivatives with strong plant growth inhibitory activities.RESULTSPrevious synthetic methods were replaced with a shorter, milder and faster reaction route with higher yield (76.3%) of DHGA5. Based on this novel route, a series of new derivatives were designed and synthesized using DHGA5 as a lead compound and characterized and evaluated for biological activities in Arabidopsis thaliana. Among the 15 tested derivatives, compound 14j showed a lower medium inhibition concentration (IC50, 73 μm) in Arabidopsis than that of DHGA5 (91 μm). Gibberellin deficient mutant assay further revealed that 14j had very different activities compared to DHGA5 as it specifically inhibits gibberellin biosynthetic pathways. In addition, 14j does not influence the interaction between gibberellin receptors (GID1) and the master growth repressor (RGA) based on yeast two‐hybrid assay.CONCLUSIONThe optimized synthetic route provides a promising method for large‐scale preparation of DHGA5. Our biological assays indicate that 14j likely acts on gibberellin signaling elements other than GID1. These results indicate that novel plant growth regulators can be developed. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
The prospects for increasing the horizontal resolution of the Aeolus horizontal line‐of‐sight wind profiles
Authors: Šavli Matic , de Kloe Jos , Marseille Gert‐Jan , Rennie Michael , Žagar Nedjeljka , Wedi Nils 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThis article evaluates the prospects for increasing the horizontal resolution of the Aeolus horizontal line‐of‐sight (HLOS) wind profiles at the expense of their accuracy. The evaluation is performed by combining a 10‐day atmosphere simulation by the ECMWF model at T3999 horizontal resolution with the CALIPSO observations of atmospheric composition as inputs to the Aeolus simulator. The validation shows that the ECMWF model represents the location and the vertical structure of the observed cloud systems well. At the nominal accumulation length of L ≈ 90 km (from the Aeolus measurement scale of ∼3 km), the Mie‐cloudy retrieval provides 1–4 times fewer observations than Rayleigh‐clear but the Mie‐cloudy HLOS winds have the highest quality with estimated error standard deviation of about 1 m/s in the troposphere and no bias. The experiments with reduced L reveal that neither the observation error standard deviation nor bias of the Mie‐cloudy winds are significantly affected when the accumulation length L varies in the range between 100 and 10 km. At the same time, the number of observations significantly increases as L reduces. This suggests that mesoscale NWP may profit from the Aeolus Mie‐cloudy HLOS profiles with the accumulation lengths as small as 10 km.