bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multifunctional Bioinstructive 3D Architectures to Modulate Cellular Behavior
Authors: Vaithilingam Jayasheelan , Sanjuan‐Alberte Paola , Campora Simona , Rance Graham A. , Jiang Long , Thorpe Jordan , Burroughs Laurence , Tuck Christopher J. , Denning Chris , Wildman Ricky D. , Hague Richard J. M. , Alexander Morgan R. , Rawson Frankie J. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBiological structures control cell behavior via physical, chemical, electrical, and mechanical cues. Approaches that allow us to build devices that mimic these cues in a combinatorial way are lacking due to there being no suitable instructive materials and limited manufacturing procedures. This challenge is addressed by developing a new conductive composite material, allowing for the fabrication of 3D biomimetic structures in a single manufacturing method based on two‐photon polymerization. The approach induces a combinatorial biostimulative input that can be tailored to a specific application. Development of the 3D architecture is performed with a chemically actuating photocurable acrylate previously identified for cardiomyocyte attachment. The material is made conductive by impregnation with multiwalled carbon nanotubes. The bioinstructive effect of 3D nano‐ and microtopography is combined with electrical stimulation, incorporating biochemical, and electromechanical cues to stimulate cells in serum‐free media. The manufactured architecture is combined with cardiomyocytes derived from human pluripotent stem cells. It is demonstrated that by mimicking biological occurring cues, cardiomyocyte behavior can be modulated. This represents a step change in the ability to manufacture 3D multifunctional biomimetic modulatory architectures. This platform technology has implications in areas spanning regenerative medicine, tissue engineering to biosensing, and may lead to more accurate models for predicting toxicity.
Phonon Polaritons in Monolayers of Hexagonal Boron Nitride
Authors: Dai Siyuan , Fang Wenjing , Rivera Nicholas , Stehle Yijing , Jiang Bor‐Yuan , Shen Jialiang , Tay Roland Yingjie , Ciccarino Christopher J. , Ma Qiong , Rodan‐Legrain Daniel , Jarillo‐Herrero Pablo , Teo Edwin Hang Tong , Fogler Michael M. , Narang Prineha , Kong Jing , Basov Dimitri N. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractPhonon polaritons in van der Waals materials reveal significant confinement accompanied with long propagation length: important virtues for tasks pertaining to the control of light and energy flow at the nanoscale. While previous studies of phonon polaritons have relied on relatively thick samples, here reported is the first observation of surface phonon polaritons in single atomic layers and bilayers of hexagonal boron nitride (hBN). Using antenna‐based near‐field microscopy, propagating surface phonon polaritons in mono‐ and bilayer hBN microcrystals are imaged. Phonon polaritons in monolayer hBN are confined in a volume about one million times smaller than the free‐space photons. Both the polariton dispersion and their wavelength–thickness scaling law are altered compared to those of hBN bulk counterparts. These changes are attributed to phonon hardening in monolayer‐thick crystals. The data reported here have bearing on applications of polaritons in metasurfaces and ultrathin optical elements.
2D Nanomaterials for Cancer Theranostic Applications
Authors: Cheng Liang , Wang Xianwen , Gong Fei , Liu Teng , Liu Zhuang 
Published: July 2019

Abstract2D nanomaterials with unique nanosheet structures, large surface areas, and extraordinary physicochemical properties have attracted tremendous interest. In the area of nanomedicine, research on graphene and its derivatives for diverse biomedical applications began as early as 2008. Since then, many other types of 2D nanomaterials, including transition metal dichalcogenides, transition metal carbides, nitrides and carbonitrides, black phosphorus nanosheets, layered double hydroxides, and metal–organic framework nanosheets, have been explored in the area of nanomedicine over the past decade. In particular, a large surface area makes 2D nanomaterials highly efficient drug delivery nanoplatforms. The unique optical and/or X‐ray attenuation properties of 2D nanomaterials can be harnessed for phototherapy or radiotherapy of cancer. Furthermore, by integrating 2D nanomaterials with other functional nanoparticles or utilizing their inherent physical properties, 2D nanomaterials may also be engineered as nanoprobes for multimodal imaging of tumors. 2D nanomaterials have shown substantial potential for cancer theranostics. Herein, the latest progress in the development of 2D nanomaterials for cancer theranostic applications is summarized. Current challenges and future perspectives of 2D nanomaterials applied in nanomedicine are also discussed.
3D Printing of Salt as a Template for Magnesium with Structured Porosity
Authors: Kleger Nicole , Cihova Martina , Masania Kunal , Studart André R. , Löffler Jörg F. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractPorosity is an essential feature in a wide range of applications that combine light weight with high surface area and tunable density. Porous materials can be easily prepared with a vast variety of chemistries using the salt‐leaching technique. However, this templating approach has so far been limited to the fabrication of structures with random porosity and relatively simple macroscopic shapes. Here, a technique is reported that combines the ease of salt leaching with the complex shaping possibilities given by additive manufacturing (AM). By tuning the composition of surfactant and solvent, the salt‐based paste is rheologically engineered and printed via direct ink writing into grid‐like structures displaying structured pores that span from the sub‐millimeter to the macroscopic scale. As a proof of concept, dried and sintered NaCl templates are infiltrated with magnesium (Mg), which is typically highly challenging to process by conventional AM techniques due to its highly oxidative nature and high vapor pressure. Mg scaffolds with well‐controlled, ordered porosity are obtained after salt removal. The tunable mechanical properties and the potential to be predictably bioresorbed by the human body make these Mg scaffolds attractive for biomedical implants and demonstrate the great potential of this additive technique.
Tailored Nonlinear Anisotropy in Mie‐Resonant Dielectric Oligomers
Authors: Kroychuk Maria K. , Yagudin Damir F. , Shorokhov Alexander S. , Smirnova Daria A. , Volkovskaya Irina I. , Shcherbakov Maxim R. , Shvets Gennady , Kivshar Yuri S. , Fedyanin Andrey A. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe field of Mie‐resonant nanophotonics has attracted a lot of attention recently due to many promising applications in linear and nonlinear metaoptics. Optically induced magnetic resonances define novel characteristics of isolated high‐index dielectric nanoparticles and their oligomers. Here, the orientation‐dependent nonlinear frequency generation from dielectric oligomers with different symmetries, being all characterized by isotropic linear response, is demonstrated. The rotational dependence of the third‐harmonic signal emitted by the nanoparticle oligomers in accord with their point‐group symmetry (e.g., C3 or C4) is observed experimentally, while their linear scattering remains isotropic. The experimental data are in a good agreement with numerical simulations and the symmetry analysis of the nonlinear susceptibility tensor. The results open a new avenue for tailoring nonlinear properties of nanoscale structures.
High‐Efficiency Ultrathin Dual‐Wavelength Pancharatnam–Berry Metasurfaces with Complete Independent Phase Control
Authors: Xie Rensheng , Zhai Guohua , Wang Xiong , Zhang Dajun , Si Liming , Zhang Hualiang , Ding Jun 
Published: July 2019

AbstractMetasurfaces are planar structures that can offer unprecedented freedoms to manipulate electromagnetic wavefronts at deep‐subwavelength scale. The wavelength‐dependent behavior of the metasurface could severely reduce the design freedom. Besides, realizing high‐efficiency metasurfaces with a simple design procedure and easy fabrication is of great interest. Here, a novel approach to design highly efficient meta‐atoms that can achieve full 2π phase coverage at two wavelengths independently in the transmission mode is proposed. More specifically, a bilayer meta‐atom is designed to operate at two wavelengths, the cross‐polarized transmission efficiencies of which reach more than 70% at both wavelengths. The 2π phase modulations at two wavelengths under the circularly polarized incidence can be achieved independently by varying the orientations of the two resonators constructing the meta‐atom based on Pancharatnam–Berry phase principle. As proof‐of‐concept demonstrations, three dual‐wavelength meta‐devices employing the proposed meta‐atom are numerically investigated and experimentally verified, including two metalenses (1D and 2D) with the same focusing length and a vortex beam generator carrying different orbital angular momentum modes at two operation wavelengths. Both the simulation and experimental results satisfy the design goals, which validate the proposed approach.
Biomaterial‐Based Metabolic Regulation in Regenerative Engineering
Authors: Ma Chuying , Kuzma Michelle L. , Bai Xiaochun , Yang Jian 
Published: July 2019

AbstractRecent advances in cell metabolism studies have deepened the appreciation of the role of metabolic regulation in influencing cell behavior during differentiation, angiogenesis, and immune response in the regenerative engineering scenarios. However, the understanding of whether the intracellular metabolic pathways could be influenced by material‐derived cues remains limited, although it is now well appreciated that material cues modulate cell functions. Here, an overview of how the regulation of different aspect of cell metabolism, including energy homeostasis, oxygen homeostasis, and redox homeostasis could contribute to modulation of cell function is provided. Furthermore, recent evidence demonstrating how material cues, including the release of inherent metabolic factors (e.g., ions, regulatory metabolites, and oxygen), tuning of the biochemical cues (e.g., inherent antioxidant properties, cell adhesivity, and chemical composition of nanomaterials), and changing in biophysical cues (topography and surface stiffness), may impact cell metabolism toward modulated cell behavior are discussed. Based on the resurgence of interest in cell metabolism and metabolic regulation, further development of biomaterials enabling metabolic regulation toward dictating cell function is poised to have substantial implications for regenerative engineering.
Indigenizing and Decolonizing the Teaching of Psychology: Reflections on the Role of the Non‐Indigenous Ally
Authors: Schmidt Heather 
Published: July 2019

AbstractCanada's 2015 Truth and Reconciliation Commission published 94 Calls to Action including direction to post‐secondary institutions “to integrate Indigenous knowledge and teaching methods into classrooms” as well as to “build student capacity for intercultural understanding, empathy, and mutual respect.” In response, Canadian universities have rushed to “Indigenize” and are now competing to hire Indigenous faculty, from a limited pool of applicants. However, it is missing the true spirit of reconciliation for non‐Indigenous faculty to continue with the status quo while assigning the sole responsibility of Indigenizing curriculum to these new hires. How can non‐Indigenous psychology professors change their teaching to ensure that all students acquire an appreciation of traditional Indigenous knowledge about holistic health and healing practices, as well as an understanding of Canada's history of racist colonization practices and its intergenerational effects? Community psychologists, particularly those who have established relationships with Indigenous communities, have an important role to play. In this article, I survey the existing literature on Indigenizing and decolonizing psychological curriculum and share ways in which I have integrated Indigenous content into my psychology courses. I also reflect upon the successes, questions, and ongoing challenges that have emerged as I worked in collaboration with first Anisinaabek First Nations and then Mi'kmaw/L'nu First Nations.
Fragile X syndrome in a male with methylated premutation alleles and no detectable methylated full mutation alleles
Authors: Hayward Bruce , Loutaev Inna , Ding Xiaohua , Nolin Sarah L. , Thurm Audrey , Usdin Karen , Smith Carolyn B. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractMost cases of fragile X syndrome (FXS) result from aberrant methylation of the FMR1 gene. Methylation occurs when the number of tandemly arranged cytosine guanine guanine (CGG)‐repeats in the 5′ end of the transcriptional unit of FMR1 exceeds a certain critical threshold, thought to be between 200 and 400 repeats. Such alleles are referred to as full mutation (FM) alleles. Premutation (PM) alleles, alleles with 55–200 repeats, are generally not aberrantly methylated and in fact may have hyperexpression of the FMR1 mRNA. We describe here a male who meets the diagnostic criteria for FXS, who is highly mosaic with a mixture of multiple PM and FM alleles and 50% methylation. However, the methylated alleles are limited to two alleles in the PM range, ~165 and ~175 repeats respectively, with the FM alleles being unmethylated. This finding has implications for FXS diagnosis as well as for efforts to delete the repeat in individuals with FXS using a CRISPR‐Cas9 approach.
Early results of nerve transfers for restoring function in severe cases of acute flaccid myelitis
Authors: Pino Paula A. , Intravia Jessica , Kozin Scott H. , Zlotolow Dan A. 
Published: July 2019

ObjectiveTo describe early functional outcomes of nerve transfer surgery in a relatively large cohort of patients with acute flaccid myelitis (AFM).MethodsA retrospective case analysis was made of patients with AFM treated with nerve transfer surgery between 2007 and 2018. Surgical criteria were persistent motor deficits after 6 months from onset and available donor nerves. Thirty‐two patients with AFM were evaluated; 16 underwent nerve transfer surgeries. Motor function was evaluated by a licensed occupational therapist using the Active Movement Scale preoperatively and during follow‐up examinations. Patients with 6 or more months of follow‐up were included in the analysis. Patients with procedures other than nerve transfers were excluded.ResultsSixteen patients with AFM had nerve transfers, with a male predominance (75%) and median age of 2.5 years (range = 4 months–12 years). Eleven patients had a minimum 6 months of follow‐up. Nerve transfers to restore elbow function had 87% excellent recovery for elbow flexion and 67% for elbow extension. Finger and thumb extension were full against gravity in 1 patient (100%). Shoulder external rotation was excellent in 50% of patients and shoulder abduction in only 20%. Nine of 10 patients (90%) had resolution of shoulder pseudosubluxation following nerve transfer to the suprascapular nerve.InterpretationPatients with AFM with persistent motor deficits 6 to 9 months after onset benefit from nerve transfer surgery. Restoration of elbow function was more reliable than restoration of shoulder function. We recommend early referral of patients with incomplete recovery to a center experienced in nerve transfers for timely evaluation and treatment. ANN NEUROL 2019;86:607–615
Using Interventional Radiology to Treat Postpartum Hemorrhage
Authors: Liberth Maureen , Gordon Miriam 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTPostpartum hemorrhage (PPH) is a serious complication of giving birth that can result in death. Interventional radiology allows for the use of uterine artery embolization and transcatheter arterial embolization to prevent and treat PPH. These procedures are minimally invasive options that use the uterine or internal iliac arteries to place either a balloon or embolic material to stop the bleeding. These techniques also can be used as a preventive treatment for women with known placental abnormalities who are at an increased risk of hemorrhaging. This article discusses causes, early recognition, and treatment of PPH. It also discusses nursing care for patients with PPH and presents a case report describing the use of interventional radiology before cesarean delivery for a patient with placenta accreta.
Pervaporative separation of methyl acetate–methanol azeotropic mixture using high‐performance polydimethylsiloxane/ceramic composite membrane
Authors: Li Yuxue , Zong Chuanxin , Zhou Haoli , Jin Wanqin 
Published: July 2019

AbstractMethyl acetate is a very important green solvent, which is often produced by esterification using excess methanol as one of the reagents. Therefore, cost‐efficient separation of the methyl acetate/methanol mixture is important. However, the formation of a methanol/methyl acetate azeotrope at atmospheric pressure results in high energy consumption for their separation using distillation such as extractive distillation. In order to reduce the energy consumption, pervaporation (PV) was used to replace the distillation in this study. Two membranes, polydimethylsiloxane and polyoctylmethylsiloxane, were first compared in the PV separation of the methyl acetate/methanol mixture. Then the effects of different operating parameters such as temperature, feed flow rate, permeate pressure, and so on were investigated. Total flux was up to 100 kg/(m2·hr) at 50°C, whereas the separation factor ranges from 1.2 to 5.0. Results showed that the methyl acetate/methanol azeotrope could be broken in the studied concentration range and high flux could be obtained. Furthermore, the change of activation energy with feed methyl acetate concentration and membrane thickness with temperature was investigated. To demonstrate the potential of the industrial applications, the stability in separation of 32 wt.% methyl acetate–methanol mixtures for 15 days was investigated.
Mechanical property improvement and fire hazard reduction of ammonium polyphosphate microencapsulated in rigid polyurethane foam
Authors: Li Shaoxiang , Zhou Yue , Cheng Jiaji , Ma Qianyu , Zhang Feng , Wang Yong , Liu Meng , Wang Dong , Qu Wenjuan 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTAmmonium polyphosphate (APP) is an effective phosphorus‐containing flame retardant. But APP also has excellent hygroscopic capacity and decreases the mechanical property of composite. The aim of the study was to microencapsulate APP with polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) to prepare microencapsulated ammonium polyphosphate (PMAPP) in order to eliminate the harmful effects caused by the mechanical property of composite. The microcapsules are characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TG), and hydroscopicity test and observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Fire hazard of rigid polyurethane foam (RPUF) is evaluated using a cone calorimeter and limited oxygen index test. The mechanical property of RPUF is studied by compressive strength test. The results show that APP has been microencapsulated by PMMA successfully and the shell does not decrease the beneficial effect of APP on fire hazard of RPUF. Furthermore, the shell also reduces the damage of APP on the mechanical property of composite. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 48307.
Hollow PtPd Nanorods with Mesoporous Shells as an Efficient Electrocatalyst for the Methanol‐Oxidation Reaction
Authors: Wang Hongjing , Qian Xiaoqian , Liu Songliang , Yin Shuli , Yu Hongjie , Xu You , Li Xiaonian , Wang Ziqiang , Wang Liang 
Published: July 2019

AbstractTailoring the morphology and composition of platinum‐based electrocatalysts is of significant importance for the development of highly efficient direct methanol fuel cells. Herein, we report a dual‐templating method for the design of hollow PtPd nanorods with mesoporous shells (mPtPd HNRs). We found that F127 micelles favored the formation of mesoporous structures and that SiO2 nanorods served as a hard template for the creation of cavities. The well‐developed mesopores, hollow structures, and bimetallic composition of the mPtPd HNRs afforded a sufficient number of active sites to facilitate the electrochemical oxidation of methanol, thereby leading to enhanced activity and stability. This strategy allowed for the reliable preparation of mesoporous hollow platinum‐based electrocatalysts with desired compositions and morphologies for catalytic applications.
Hg2+‐selective ratiometric and colorimetric probe based on dansyl–rhodamine and its staining function in cell imaging
Authors: Wang Yuesong , Ding Haichang , Wang Shuai , Fan Congbin , Tu Yayi , Liu Gang , Pu Shouzhi 
Published: July 2019

AbstractA new ratiometric probe composed of a dansyl–rhodamine dyad for the detection of Hg2+ via fluorescence resonance energy transfer was designed and synthesized. Rhodamine, dansyl chloride, and hydrazide were selected as the acceptor, donor, and reaction site, respectively. It displayed high selectivity and sensitivity to Hg2+ with obvious colour change and fluorescence change due to Hg2+‐assisted hydrolysis of rhodamine hydrazide. A good linear relationship ranging from 0 to 16 μM and 0–28 μM for the Hg2+ concentration was found based on absorbance and fluorescence assay, respectively. Detection limits of absorbance and fluorescence for Hg2+ were calculated to be 1.22 μM and 9.10 μM, respectively.
Validation and application of a novel LC/MS/MS method for the determination of isoginkgetin in rat plasma
Authors: Zhao Cuimei , Han Song , Yang Shengbao , Xin Weidong 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIsoginkgetin is a biflavonoid compound isolated from the leaf extracts of Ginkgo biloba. In this study, an liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) with liquid–liquid extraction was developed and validated for the analysis of isoginkgetin in rat plasma. In the process of chromatographic separation, selected reaction monitoring transitions for isoginkgetin and IS were m/z 566.8 → 134.7 and m/z 430.8 → 269.3, respectively. The validation parameters including selectivity, linearity, LLOQ, accuracy, precision, matrix effect, stability and recovery were satisfactory. The intra‐ and inter‐batch precision (RSD) were <12.1% in plasma, while the accuracy (RE) was within ±14.3%. This method was employed in a pharmacokinetic study on rats after the intravenous administration of isoginkgetin.