bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On the optimal dynamic design of laminated composite folded plates: a multi-criteria decision analysis
Authors: Varshney Ayush , Khan Arshad H. , Yasin M. Yaqoob , Khan Zahid A. , Asjad Mohammad 
Published: October 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to present the multi-objective optimization of the dynamic response of isotropic and laminated composite folded plates. The dynamic analysis has been carried out using the finite element method based on the first-order shear deformation theory.Design/methodology/approachHamilton’s principle has been employed for the derivation of the governing equations. Natural frequencies are obtained using the eigenvalue extraction method. The optimal combination of the crank angle, lamination scheme and boundary conditions on the natural frequencies of folded plates for their safe and optimal dynamic design has been obtained. The analysis has been carried out using finite element approach based on FSDT to obtain the dynamic equation of single- and double-fold laminated plates. In total, 15 experiments as per Taguchi’s standardL15orthogonal array have been performed. Further, standard deviation (SD) based TOPSIS method is used to perform multi-response optimization of folded plates in order to rank the combination of the input parameters.FindingsSD integrated with TOPSIS reveals that Experiment No. 8 (crank angle=90° and anti-symmetric lamination scheme=0°/90°/0°/90°), Experiment No. 14 (crank angle=150° and anti-symmetric lamination scheme=0o/90o/0o/90o), Experiment No. 2 (crank angle=30° and anti-symmetric lamination scheme=0°/90°/0°/90°) and Experiment No. 3 (crank angle=30° and symmetric lamination scheme=0°/90°/0°/90°) occupy rank 1 for one fold, one end clamped, one fold, two ends clamped, two folds, one end clamped and two folds, two ends clamped conditions, respectively, in order to maximize the modal response corresponding to the fundamental mode.Originality/valueSD-based technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) method is used to rank the process parameters. The optimum combination of the input parameters on the multi-response optimization of dynamics of the folded plates has also been evaluated using the analysis of mean (ANOM).
The link between nutrition and dental erosion: what do students know?
Authors: Ozsin Ozler Cansu , Inan-Eroglu Elif , Uzamis Tekcicek Meryem , Buyuktuncer Zehra 
Published: October 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to assess and compare awareness and knowledge of dental erosion among nutrition and dietetics (ND) and dental students.Design/methodology/approachThe study was designed as a cross-sectional study. It was set in a university campus in Ankara, Turkey. In all, 947 undergraduate students (534 dental and 413 ND) with a mean age of 20.9 ± 1.99 years were included. The variables measured in this study were level of awareness and knowledge of dental erosion of students and their practice on the topic. For statistical analysis descriptive statistics, Chi-square, Fisher’s Exact and Mann–Whitney U statistics were used.FindingsNot having heard about dental erosion was more frequently reported by ND students (33.9 per cent) (p < 0.001). Dental students had significantly higher scores in knowledge of dental erosion (11.19 ± 2.23) (p < 0.001). In both disciplines, total knowledge score was increased based on the students’ academic level (r = 0.522,p < 0.01 for dental students and r = 0.242,p < 0.01 for ND students). Their practice in terms of consumption of some acidic foods showed a difference (p < 0.001).Originality/valueThere is an inevitable need for oral health education for ND students and nutrition education for dental students to fill the knowledge gap for effective oral health. Nutrition dental education should be incorporated into undergraduate ND and dentistry curriculums and continuing education of these professionals. Furthermore, providing internships in dental facilities or clinics to undergraduate ND students that include oral health assessments, guidance on evidence-based prevention techniques, dietary counseling and referrals to dentists would provide an opportunity to gain more knowledge regarding dental-related nutrition subjects. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study to determine and compare dental erosion awareness, knowledge and practice among ND and dental students. Eliminating conflicts among dietetic and dental professionals is vital for improving patient health. This interdisciplinary inclination might be a shift toward a coordinated team approach for promoting oral health, prevention of dental diseases and intervention in dental diseases.
Traditional Greek vs conventional hotel breakfast: nutritional comparison
Authors: Giazitzi Katerina , Palisidis George , Boskou George , Costarelli Vassiliki 
Published: October 2019

Purpose
This study aims to assemble and nutritionally analyze three traditional Greek hotel breakfast meals (Chalkidiki, Cyclades and Crete) and compare them with the American, English and continental breakfast.

Design/methodology/approach
The traditional local breakfast foods and beverages for the breakfast compositions were selectively chosen predominantly from the website of the “Greek breakfast” initiative by Greek Chamber of Hotels and from other sources, following a thorough review of the literature. The breakfast meals were designed to be consumed by two people. The nutritional analysis of the meals was performed with the use of specially designed spreadsheets, the US Department of Agriculture Research Service and Greek food composition database.

Findings
The nutritional analysis of the English (45.9 g), American (41.6 g) and Cretan (38.8 g) breakfast meals revealed that these breakfast meals had the highest amount of total fat (per estimated portion) with the Cretan breakfast containing the largest amount of monounsaturated fatty acids (2.9 g/100 kcal). Moreover, the Cretan breakfast had also the lowest levels of sugars (2 g/100 kcal). The highest quantity of simple sugars was contained in the continental breakfast (7.2 g/100 kcal). The English breakfast had the highest sodium content (186.3 mg/100 kcal). Finally, the Cyclades breakfast had very high levels of potassium (184.4 mg/100 kcal) and Chalkidiki’s breakfast had the highest amount of calcium (65.2 mg/100 kcal). The three traditional Greek breakfasts and the three conventional breakfasts were grouped in two categories and compared nutritionally. The results show that the content of monounsaturated fats is significantly higher in Greek breakfast meals (p-value < 0.05) compared to the conventional ones.

Originality/value
This nutritional comparison could facilitate the promotion of traditional Greek breakfast meals in tourist destinations.
In vitro anti-diabetic activity of Tribulus terrestrisL. fruits extracts
Authors: AlKhaldi Kholowd , Daghestani Manal , Al-Haddad Thanaa 
Published: October 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the inhibition activity of Tribulus terrestris L. (T. terrestris) fruits extracts with solvents of increasing polarity against α-glucosidase and α-amylase, and to determine the inhibition mode of the most effective extract against both enzymes.

Design/methodology/approach
Hexane, acetone, ethanol and aqueous extracts of T. terrestris fruits were prepared using ultrasonic sequential extraction and analyzed for their α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities by specific assay for each enzyme. The modes of inhibitions were detected using Lineweaver–Burk plots.

Findings
T. terrestris fruits extracts showed inhibition activity against α-glucosidase and α-amylase which was in the dose-dependent manner. Hexane extract had the highest α-glucosidase inhibition activity (IC50 = 27.28 μg/ml, p = 0.003), followed by acetone and ethanol extracts (IC50 = 60.58 μg/ml and IC50 = 84.21 μg/ml, respectively). The inhibition mode of hexane extract was noncompetitive. While acetone extract showed the highest inhibition activity against α-amylase (IC50 = 6.18 mg/ml, p = 0.002), hexane and ethanol extracts showed no significant difference (IC50 = 13.04 mg/ml and IC50 = 14.20 mg/ml, respectively, p = 0.09). The inhibition mode of acetone extract was competitive.

Originality/value
T. terrestris fruits extracts had strong inhibition activity against α-glucosidase and α-amylase, and they can be used as a promising anti-diabetic agent.
The impact of Arab Revolution on the security of the Arabian Gulf
Authors: Al-Otaibi Saleh Zaid 
Published: October 2019

Purpose
This study aims to analyze the impact of Arab Revolution on the Arabian Gulf security by applying on Yemeni Revolution. This can be achieved by analyzing the threat of Arab Spring Revolutions to the national security of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries after the breakout of demonstrations and protests in some of the member states. In addition to its analysis of threat of the Regional Security of the Gulf as a result of Yemeni Revolution and Civil War and Iranian intervention to support Houthis within light of regional anarchy and security competition according to the Neorealism and how the GCC Countries face such threats.

Design/methodology/approach
The study depended on the historical methodology to track the developments of some events related to the Gulf Security and crisis in Yemen. Moreover, it used the analytical approach to analyze the impact of Arab Revolutions and Yemeni Civil War on the Arab Gulf Security. In addition, it depended on the realistic approach to explain the security state at the national and regional level of the Arab Gulf countries within light of regional anarchy, security competition and Iranian support to Houthis “Non-State Actors” (Kenneth Waltz), as well as the offensive realism (John Mearsheimer).

Findings
The Arab Revolutions had an effect on the national security of GCC countries according to the Neorealism due to the breakout of demonstrations and protests in Saudi Arabia, Kuwait and Sultanate of Oman which reached to the degree of threatening the existence of the state as in Bahrain. The Gulf Regional Security is influenced by Revolution and Civil War in Yemen as a result of that Iranian support to Houthis within light of security competition between Iran and Saudi Arabia, leading to the threat of the Arabian Gulf Security as Yemen is the southern gate to the GCC Countries and having joint borders with Saudi Arabia and Sultanate of Oman. Moreover, the GCC countries dealt with that threat individually, such as, performing internal reforms, or collectively through using military force, such as Bahrain and Yemen (Offensive Realism).

Originality/value
This study is an introduction to explain the Arab Spring Revolutions, conflict in Yemen and its threat to the Arab Gulf Security according to the Neorealism based on that the GCC countries sought to keep its existence and sovereignty in confrontation to the demonstrations and internal protests and to keep the regional security in confrontation to the threats of neighboring countries such as the Civil War in Yemen and the Iranian Support to Houthis in light of the regional anarchy.
How Amazon uses metrics to drive success
Authors: Denning Stephen 
Published: October 2019

Purpose
The author explains how an obsession with delivering customer value at Amazon is enabled and driven by customer-driven metrics.

Design/methodology/approach
The article describes how at Amazon, metrics are established in advance of every activity and specify what actions are expected to happen in ways that can be measured in real-time.

Findings
By virtue it’s action metrics, every activity at Amazon is in effect a genuine scientific experiment focused on whether it is delivering the value to customers.

Practical implications
Everyone is expected to be obsessed with knowing about and enhancing the impact of what they do for the customer.

Originality/value
The article offers a detailed view of the synergy between Amazon’s dedication to real-time measurement of its activities and its obsession with using those activities to deliver customer value.
Change in membrane potential induced by streptolysin O, a pore‐forming toxin: flow cytometric analysis using a voltage‐sensitive fluorescent probe and rat thymic lymphocytes
Authors: Kobayashi Miho , Nishimura Madoka , Kawamura Mina , Kamemura Norio , Nagamune Hideaki , Tabata Atsushi 
Published: October 2019

AbstractStreptolysin O (SLO) is a bacterial pore‐forming toxin that is employed to permeabilize cell membranes in some biological experiments. SLO forms various types of pores with different shapes, increasing membrane ion permeability and subsequently inducing changes in membrane potential. To characterize the pores formed by SLO, the changes in membrane potential induced by SLO in rat lymphocytes were considered using flow cytometry with a voltage‐sensitive fluorescent probe, bis‐(1,3‐dibutylbarbituric acid)trimethine oxonol (Oxonol). SLO caused three types of membrane potential responses accessed with Oxonol. One type induces a great decrease in Oxonol fluorescence (large hyperpolarization) that may be elicited via the increase of Ca2+‐dependent K+ permeability by SLO‐induced influx of external Ca2+. A second type is an increase in Oxonol fluorescence (depolarization) that may be caused by a nonspecific increase in membrane cation permeability. The third type is a small decrease in Oxonol fluorescence (small hyperpolarization), probably via an increase in Cl– permeability. That SLO transitionally changes membrane ion permeability may have implications in the pathology of pyogenic group streptococci infections in which SLO is thought to be one of the key virulence factors.
Social media, body image and food choices in healthy young adults: A mixed methods systematic review
Authors: Rounsefell Kim , Gibson Simone , McLean Siân , Blair Merran , Molenaar Annika , Brennan Linda , Truby Helen , McCaffrey Tracy A. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAimNegative body image increases the risk of engaging in unhealthy dieting and disordered eating patterns. This review evaluated the impact of habitual social media engagement or exposure to image‐related content on body image and food choices in healthy young adults (18‐30 years).MethodsA systematic search of six databases of observational literature published 2005‐2019, was conducted (PROSPERO Registration No. CRD42016036588). Inclusion criteria were: studies reporting social media engagement (posting, liking, commenting) or exposure to image‐related content in healthy young adults. Outcomes were: body image (satisfaction or dissatisfaction) and food choices (healthy eating, dieting/restricting, overeating/binging). Two authors independently screened, coded and evaluated studies for methodological quality.ResultsThirty studies were identified (n = 11 125 participants). Quantitative analysis (n = 26) identified social media engagement or exposure to image‐related content was associated with higher body dissatisfaction, dieting/restricting food, overeating, and choosing healthy foods. Qualitative analysis (n = 4) identified five themes: (i) social media encourages comparison between users, (ii) comparisons heighten feelings about the body, (iii) young adults modify their appearance to portray a perceived ideal image, (iv) young adults are aware of social media's impact on body image and food choices, however, (v) external validation via social media is pursued. Most studies (n = 17) controlled for some confounding variables (age, gender, BMI, ethnicity).ConclusionsSocial media engagement or exposure to image‐related content may negatively impact body image and food choice in some healthy young adults. Health professionals designing social media campaigns for young adults should consider image‐related content, to not heighten body dissatisfaction.
Online information on Crohn's disease in Chinese: an evaluation of its quality and readability
Authors: Bai Xiao Yin , Zhang Yong Wei , Li Ji , Li Yue , Qian Jia Ming 
Published: October 2019

ObjectiveTo assess the quality and readability of patient‐education information on Crohn's disease on the internet in China.MethodsBaidu and Sogou were chosen as search engines, and the top 58 webpages on Crohn's disease meeting the inclusion criteria were evaluated. After the data were screened, the quality of information was assessed by two specialists using a simplified DISCERN system. Different levels of official Chinese‐teaching materials were used to build a readability model to predict the readability of these information.ResultsAltogether 13 pieces of information were included in this study, all of which were derived from commercial webpages. The simplified DISCERN system found an excellent consistency in the Chinese literature, and Spearman's coefficient was 0.685, 0.556 and 0.607, respectively (P < 0.001), for publication reliability, treatment options and the total score. Most of the information lacked clear sources and conflicts of interest statements. The corresponding DISCERN scores were all below 2. In terms of treatment options, many webpages did not provide adequate information about the prognosis, possible side effects of treatment and risks of developing cancer. The scores of treatment‐related DISCERN items were all below 2 as well. The webpages did not show enough readability. Altogether 84.6% of the information exceeded the middle‐school readability level, and 69.2% exceeded the high‐school level.ConclusionsThe quality of patient‐education information on Crohn's disease on the internet in China is worrisome, with poor readability, which should be addressed by the academic community.
Early Miocene Paleoaltitude of the Tuotuohe Basin, Central‐Northern Tibetan Plateau and its Tectonic Implications
Authors: LI Leyi , CHANG Hong , GUAN Chong , LIU Weiguo , CAO Yunning 
Published: October 2019

AbstractReconstruction of the paleoaltitude history of the Tibetan Plateau is critical for understanding the linkage between tectonics and its effect on regional and global climate change. Presently, most of the paleoaltitude studies are concentrated on the southern and southeastern part of the Tibetan Plateau, and few studies have been conducted in the central‐northern part. In this paper we focused on the Wudaoliang Formation in the Tuotuohe Basin, central to northern Tibetan Plateau, to reconstruct paleoaltitude based on carbonate oxygen isotopes. The carbonate samples are primary or have experienced an early stage of digenesis. Based on the thermodynamic and empirical model results, the paleoaltitude of the Wudaoliang Formation is found to be around 2700–3260 m (average of 2980 ± 280 m) in the early Miocene (∼24 Ma). Integrating paleoaltitude results from Wudaoliang Basin and our results, we conclude that crustal shortening and tectonic activity were strong during the late Eocene to late Oligocene‐early Miocene and relatively weak during the early Miocene in the central‐northern Tibetan Plateau.
Transpulmonary driving pressure during mechanical ventilation–validation of a non‐invasive measurement method
Authors: Gudmundsson Magni , Persson Per , Perchiazzi Gaetano , Lundin Stefan , Rylander Christian 
Published: October 2019

BackgroundTranspulmonary driving pressure plays an important role in today's understanding of ventilator induced lung injury. We have previously validated a novel non‐invasive method based on stepwise increments of PEEP to assess transpulmonary driving pressure in anaesthetised patients with healthy lungs. The aim of this study was to validate the method in patients who were mechanically ventilated for different diagnoses requiring intensive care.MethodsWe measured transpulmonary pressure (Ptp) and calculated transpulmonary driving pressure (ΔPtp) in 31 patients undergoing mechanical ventilation in an intensive care unit. Parallel triplicate measurements were performed with the PEEP step method (PtpPSM) and the conventional oesophageal balloon method (Ptpconv). Their agreement was compared using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and the Bland Altman plot.ResultThe coefficient of variation for the repeated measurements was 4,3 for ΔPtpPSM and 9,2 for ΔPtpconv. The ICC of 0,864 and the Bland Altman plot indicate good agreement between the two methods.ConclusionThe non‐invasive method can be applied in mechanically ventilated patients to measure transpulmonary driving pressure with good repeatability and accuracy comparable to the traditional oesophageal balloon method.
Social Interaction With an Alcohol‐Intoxicated or Cocaine‐Injected Peer Selectively Alters Social Behaviors and Drinking in Adolescent Male and Female Rats
Authors: Gamble Danielle N. , Josefson Chloe C. , Hennessey Mary K. , Davis Ashley M. , Waters Renee C. , Jones Brooke N. , Belton Destiny M. , Hall Nzia I. , Costen Taylor J. , Kirstein Cheryl L. , Maldonado‐Devincci Antoniette M. 
Published: October 2019

BackgroundDrinking alcohol is facilitated by social interactions with peers, especially during adolescence. The importance of peer social influences during adolescence on alcohol and substance use has recently received more attention. We have shown that social interaction with an alcohol‐intoxicated peer influences adolescent alcohol drinking differently in male and female rats using the demonstrator–observer paradigm. The present set of experiments analyzed the social interaction session to determine changes in social behaviors and subsequent alcohol drinking in adolescent male and female rats.MethodsSpecifically, in Experiment 1, we determined whether specific social behaviors were altered during interaction with an alcohol‐intoxicated demonstrator administered 1.5 g/kg ethanol (EtOH) and assessed changes in EtOH intake in adolescent observers. Experiment 2 examined changes in voluntary saccharin consumption to determine whether social interaction with an alcohol‐intoxicated demonstrator administered 1.5 g/kg EtOH altered consumption of a palatable solution. In Experiment 3, we administered saline, and a low (5 mg/kg) or high (20 mg/kg) dose of cocaine to the demonstrator and assessed changes in the adolescent observers to determine whether social interaction with a “drugged” peer altered social behaviors and voluntary EtOH intake.ResultsWe showed that social interaction with an alcohol‐intoxicated demonstrator administered 1.5 g/kg EtOH (i) decreased social play and increased social investigation and social contact in adolescent male and female observers, (ii) did not alter nonsocial behaviors, (iii) did not alter saccharin consumption, and (iv) increased voluntary EtOH intake in adolescent female but not male observers. When the peer was injected with cocaine, (i) social play was dose‐dependently decreased, (ii) there were no changes in other social or nonsocial behaviors, and (iii) voluntary EtOH intake in adolescent male and female observers was unaffected.ConclusionsThe present results are consistent and extend our previous work, showing that social interaction with an alcohol‐intoxicated peer selectively alters social behaviors and alcohol drinking in adolescent rats. Females appear to be more sensitive to the elevating effects of social interaction on voluntary EtOH consumption.