bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
REVIEW OF EXISTING SOCIO-ECONOMIC MODELS OF HOUSING CONSTRUCTION IN RUSSIA AND ABROAD AND THEIR INFLUENCE ON ARCHITECTURAL AND PLANNING SOLUTIONS OF A HOUSE
Authors: Пичугина Алена , Pichugina Alena 
Published: August 2019

Introduction: nowadays, many developed countries are faced with the inevitable housing crisis due to ultrahigh prices for housing. In Russia this problem is no less relevant: the citizens have much less opportunity to buy even economy class apartments, not to mention truly comfortable housing that meets all the requirements of a particular family. To solve the problems of the accessibility and customization of apartments at the residential real estate market, the review of the world and local housebuilding models from the economic, social and architectural points of view was presented.
Materials and methods: housing affordability criteria for end-user were defined; the economic principles of the formation of the market value of housing in the primary market were described for further analysis of the basic fundamental models of construction depending on the degree of end-user involvement at different stages of construction.
Results: the average cost of acquiring housing based on different models was calculated; architectural, planning and legal features of each model were found. Definitions and basic principles of speculative housebuilding, customization, self-build (in various options), community land trusts and cooperative housing were given and considered. The main trends in the construction of residential buildings were identified and the comparative analysis of possible financial models of housebuilding was carried out to create the new socio-economic housing construction model.
Conclusions: by reducing the “user - house” chain we are reducing the cost of a square meter of housing for the user. The most expensive model of construction is the speculative housebuilding model, and the most expedient is the self-build model, which is applicable only for low-rise individual housebuilding. At the same time, housing cooperatives make it possible to build dwelling houses at almost the same cost as self-build housing thanks to a convenient financial work scheme. Nevertheless, the creation of housing cooperative today is associated with a lot of risks and difficulties which impedes the spread of this model in Russia.
PENINGKATAN KUALITAS BIJI KAKAO (<em>Theobroma cacao </em> L) MELALUI FERMENTASI MENGGUNAKAN <em>Lactobacillus</em> sp. dan <em>Pichia kudriavzevii</em>
Authors: Meryandini Anja , Basri Asrianti , Sunarti Titi Candra 
Published: August 2019

The Improvement of Cacao Beans Quality through Fermentation by Using Lactobacillus sp. and Pichia kudriavzeviiABSTRACTIndonesia is one of the main cacao producers in the world. Indonesian cacao product is, however, relatively of low quality. Quality improvement of cacao beans is thus needed to increase added value of the product through such method as fermentation using bacteria and yeast. This study was conducted using four fermentation treatments, namely F1 (spontaneous fermentation without the addition of inoculum), F2 (addition of lactic acid bacteria inoculum), F3 (addition of yeast inoculum), F4 (addition of mixed lactic acid bacteria and yeast inoculum). The fermentation was carried out for 5 days. The parameters measured were the microbial cell number, pH, ethanol, total reducing sugar, and total acid concentration, as well as cacao seed quality. Results showed that, compared to the other treatments, the F4 treatment gave the best result, namely 83% of the cacao seeds being fermented, 2% non-fermented, 14% unfermented, 1% moldy, and 2% germinated. The liquid produced during the fermentation contained the highest reducing sugar of 123.38 mg·mL-1, the highest total acid of 24.42 mg·mL-1, and 3.57% ethanol.Keywords: cacao beans, fermentation, lactic acid bacteria, starter, yeast ABSTRAKIndonesia adalah salah satu penghasil kakao utama di dunia. Namun berdasarkan mutu, produk kakao Indonesia masih relatif tergolong rendah. Peningkatan kualitas biji kakao diperlukan untuk memberikan nilai tambah pada produk melalui metode seperti fermentasi menggunakan bakteri dan khamir. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan empat perlakuan fermentasi yaitu F1 (fermentasi secara spontan tanpa penambahan inokulum), F2 (dengan penambahan inokulum bakteri asam laktat (BAL)), F3 (dengan penambahan inokulum khamir), F4 (dengan penambahan inokulum campuran bakteri asam laktat dan khamir). Fermentasi dilakukan selama 5 hari, dan parameter yang diukur selama fermentasi adalah jumlah mikroba, pH, kadar etanol, gula pereduksi, total asam serta kualitas biji. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa, dibandingkan perlakuan lainnya, perlakuan F4 memberikan hasil terbaik yaitu 83% biji terfermentasi, 2% tidak terfermentasi, 14% terfermentasi sebagian, 1% berjamur, dan 2% berkecambah. Cairan fermentasi tersebut mengandung gula reduksi yang paling tinggi 123,38 mg·mL-1, total asam tertinggi 24,42 mg·mL-1, dan kadar etanol mencapai 3,57%.Kata Kunci: bakteri asam laktat (BAL), biji kakao, fermentasi, khamir, starter
Assessing the Preparedness of Information Institutions For the Knowledge-Based Economy
Authors: Chaudhry Abdus Sattar , Meng Chew Lay 
Published: August 2019

Organizations, companies, and workers are continuously urged to prepare for the new competitive era, called Knowledge-Based Economy. Effective exploitation of information in organizations appears to be a distinguishing characteristic of this new socioeconomic model. Case studies were carried out in two information institutions in Singapore to assess their preparedness for the Knowledge-Based Economy. Performance indicators were identified in six areas based on the innovative products and services designed and delivered by leading information institutions. The commonly identified new activities that appeared to have been initiated in response to the new economy were listed as parameters that can help assess the preparation of an information institution for its role in the KBE. The study found that the two information institutions used for case studies were quite conscious to play their role in the new economy. They introduced more flexible organizational structures and initiated new services and products to respond to the requirements of the new economy. They also took steps to expand the roles of their information workers and established strategic alliances to strengthen internal communication and external relations. They put in place mechanisms to seek user feedback and made a creative use of outsourcing to allow more time to information professionals to concentrate on value added services. Our experience suggests that once converted into a checklist, the proposed performance indicators can be successfully used to assess preparedness of other information institutions.
STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN KAWASAN PARIWISATA GUNUNG GALUNGGUNG
Authors: MUKHSIN DADAN 
Published: August 2019

Gunung Galunggung merupakan wisata di Kecamatan Sukaratu, yang memiliki pertumbuhan dan kegiatan pembangunan untuk rekreasi dan pembangunan untuk pelayanan. Gunung Galunggung memiliki dualisme fungsi yaitu (1) sebagai kawasan pariwisata, serta (2) sebagai kawasan lindung bagi wilaang yang berada dibawahnya.Berdasarkan hal tersebut, Gunung Galunggung sebagai bagian dari kawasan yang menawarkan objek wisata alami yang sekaligus memiliki fungsi lindung terhadap kawasan dibawahnya tentu membutuhkan penanganan khusus dalam pengembangannya. Salah satu alternatif untuk mengembangkan kegiatan wisata di Gunung Galunggung adalah dengan menerapkan konsep yang berbasiskan mitigasi bencana, mengingat kawasan wisata yang memiliki potensi bencana gunung api dan sangat menerapkan keseimbangan lingkungan kesejahteraan masyarakat lokal. Dengan demikian penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merusmuskan strategi pengembangan pariwisata Gunung Galunggung yang ada di Kecamatan Sukaratu.Untuk mencapai tujuan studi, maka dilakukanlah suatu analisis yang meliputi analisis SWOT yang mengeluarkan strategi dan analisis mitigasi bencana dengan menggunakan metode standar sehingga diketahui kabutuhan saran dan prasarana yang menunjang pariwisata. Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa pada dasarnya Gunung Galunggung cocok untuk dijadikan kawasan ekowisata, karena ekowisata salah satu kegiatan pariwisata yang berwawasan lingkungan dengan mengutamakan aspek konservasi alam dan mengingat karakteristik fisik dan fungsi kawasannya yang memerlukan proteksi dan berdampak luas terhadap wilayah sekitarnya.Studi ini menyarankan agar dilakukannya perencanaan terpadu antara-antara terhadap ODTW Gunung Galunggung agar pertumbuhan dan perkembangan kegiatan pariwisata disana berjalan dengan baik secara utuh di seluruh kawasan wisata Gunung Galunggung, pembuatan perencanaan kegiatan ekonomi, dan kegiatan sosial yang dapat memajukan masyarakat lokal, peningkatan kegiatan pendidikan sadar lingkungan dan simulasi kebencanaan, penambahan sarana dan jumlah tenaga kerja pengaman lingkungan maupun pos penjagaan di setiap ODTW, peningkatan berbagai kualitas pelayanan yang dinilai kurang baik oleh wisatawan.
STRATEGI PENGENDALIAN PEMANFAATAN LAHAN SEKITAR KAWASAN KALIMALANG KOTA BEKASI SECARA BERKELANJUTAN
Authors: ASYIAWATI YULIA , OKTAVYA NUR EVY 
Published: August 2019

Sejalan dengan perkembangan penduduk suatu kota, akan meningaktkan kebutuhan lahan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan masyarakat, diantaranya adalah untuk kebutuhan permukiman, pengembangan kegiatan sosial dan ekonomi masyarakat. Di sisi lain ketersediaan lahan yang ada tetap, sehingga hal ini mengakibatkan banyak terjadi ali fungsi peruntukan lahan. Demikian juga halnya yang terjadi di Kawasan Kalimalang Kota Bekasi.Kawasan Kalimalang Kota Bekasi yang terdapat di tengah-tengah Kota Bekasi memupunyai fungsi sebagai kawasan yang berfungsi lindung. Pada kenyataannya pada saat ini, kawasan Kalimalang secara sporadis dimanfaatkan oleh masyarakat untuk permukiman, perdagangan serta penggunaan jasa lainnya seerti seperti jasa bengkel. Semua kegiatan sosial ekonomi masyarakat yang terdapat di Kawasan kalimalang, membuang limbahnya ke Kalimalang. Hal ini mengakibatkan terjadinya penurunan kualitas air sungai Kalimalang yang merupakan salah satu sumber air baku untuk memenuhi kebutuhan air bersih di Kota Bekasi. Berdasarkan Kalimalang Bekasi dimanfaatkan sebagai sumber air baku di Kota Bekasi ialah Kalimalang. Oleh karena itu perlu dilakukan kajian untuk mengendalikan pemanfaatan lahan di sekitar Kawasan Kalimalang Kota Bekasi agar dapat mewujudkan kondisi lingkungan yang lestari sesuai rencana tata ruang. Tujuan yang diharapkan dari studi ini (1) identifikasi karakteristik masyarakat yang tinggal di kawasan studi; (2) identifikasi faktor yang mengalami penyimpangan penggunaan lahan; dan (3) identifikasi faktor yang mempengaruhi penggunaan lahan. Metode aanalisis yang dilakukan untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut adalah metode super impose antara pemanfaatan lahan eksisting dengan rencana tata ruang dana analisis kesesuaian peruntukan lahan; analisis korelasi kontingensi untuk melihat hubungan antara pemanfaatan lahan dengan kondisi masyarakat, serta analisis deskriptif untuk memberikan gambaran tentang kebijakan tata ruang Kota Bekasi. Dengan menggunakan analisis tersebut, diperoleh hasil bahwa pemanfaatan lahan di Kawasan Kalimalang mengalami pergeseran peruntukan sebesar 65,80 % dari luas lahan kawasan yaitu 123.938 ha. Hal ini disebabkan karena rendahnya tingkat pendapatan masyarakat dan tingginya aksesibiltas dari kawasan ini menuju ke tempat kerja masyarakat. Untuk mengatasi kondisi tersebut, kawasan kalimalang harus dikendalikan pemanfaatannya dengan mengembalikan fungsi kawasan sebagai kawasan yang berfungsi lindung. Oleh karena itu langkah yang dilakukan adalah dengan merelokasi masyarakat yang tinggal di kawasan studi dan menata ulang Kawasan kalimalang sesuai dengan daya dukung dan daya tampung kawasan. Hal ini dilakukan untuk dapat mewujudkan pemanfaatan lahan berkelanjutan di Kawasan Kalimalang.
Evaluation of lung toxicity in rats kept in coal mine ambience by in vivo respiration records: An Experimental Study
Authors: ÇAM Saliha Ayşenur , ARSLAN Seyfullah Oktay 
Published: August 2019

OBJECTIVE: Mine
workers exposed to dusts or toxic gasses in occupational atmospheric
conditions. Pneumoconiosis and other lung diseases are charecterized by the
pathogenesis of coal dust-caused pulmonary toxicity associated with reactive
oxygen species (ROS). MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This study was conducted to
investigate the respiration failures and fibrosis in rats after being exposed
to coal dust and gases in mine atmosphere. Another aim was to study the therapeutic
effect of erdosteine as antioxidant therapy. Rats were exposed to mine ambience
for four week, and then they were breathed in the clean air for four week. The
respiratory functions of rats were recorded once a week for eight week, as in
vivo. The fibrosis of lung tissue levels, the oxidant/antioxidant status, and
cytokines of inflammation in bronchoalveolar lavage fluids (BALFs) were
evaluated, at the end of the processes.RESULTS: We observed to be the beginning of respiratory
abnormalities in animals exposed to coal dust in second week. The end of fourth
week, there were the increase of respiratory frequency and along with the
decrease of respiratory depth. The respiratory failures were not improved in
clean ambience, moreover apnea were appearance in the end of six week (the
second week of clean air). Deaths were 28% in animals. Erdosteine administer to
rats could not fully abolished to the pulmonary toxicity, however could able to
hold to toxicity, and also there were not dies in rats administered to
erdosteine. Coal dust exposure was resulted in fibrosis with higher hydroxyproline
(HP) levels, cytokine inflammation with higher interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α)
levels, and lipid peroxidation with an increased malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, according
to the healthy. A dramatically run out of endogen antidote sulfide pools (GSH),
and an increased MPO activity were dedected in the mine dusts and gasses
exposure group, according to the healthy animals. High biochemical index of
toxicity were partly balanced by erdosteine.

CONCLUSIONS: Our experimental findings support the hypothesis
that ROS is induced coal workers' pneumoconiosis. Re-oxygenation cannot be getting
it together to reverse the pulmonary toxicity. On the top of it, it can make
its pathogenesis further exaggerating and even worse. On this account we heartily
speculate that re-oxygenation should be by steps in mine workers. In addition
the antioxidant therapy may be partly a choice be able to tolerate the coal dust-induced
lung toxicity of mine workers.
Rancang Bangun Tempat Tidur Pasien Otomatis Dengan Sensor Accelerometer Gyroscope Untuk Mengatur Keseimbangan Berbasis Mikrokontroler Arduino
Authors: Ockikiriyanto Ogis 
Published: August 2019

Abstrak— Tempat Tidur pasien Accelero Bed Control(ABC) adalah tempat tidur pasien yang memudahkan intansi rumah sakit agar menjaga kenyamanan pasien daan meningkatkan kualitas mutu rumah sakit. Tempat tidur ini bekerja pada jalur kemiringan rumah sakit. Tempat tidur pasien ini bekerja dengan menggunakan prinsip-prinsip motor DC untuk menaikan dan menurunkan tempat tidur,sensor accelerometer gyroscope untuk mendeteksi jalur kemiringan rumah sakit,relay,dan mikrokontroler arduino sebagai controler-nya. Metode yang digunakan untuk membuat alat ini adalah rancang bangun.Alat ini bekerja dengan pembacaan sensor accelerometer gyroscope untuk mendekteksi jalur kemiringan pada rumah sakit dan relay sebagai driver untuk menggerakaan motor DC naik dan turun tempat tidur. Semua hasil pembacaan dari sensor akan ditampilkan melalui LCD(Liquid Crystal Display). Pembacaan sensor pada alat ini mengacu pada titik acuan ±3º sebagai titik acuan 0º. Tempat tidur ini telah bekerja dengan baik sesuai dengan perancangan dengan bergerak naik turun berdasarkan nilai sudut untuk mencapai kondisi datar.Kata kunci: Motor DC, Relay, Sensor Accelerometer Gyroscope, LCDAbstract— The bed of Accelero Bed Control (ABC) patient is a patient bed that facilitates hospital to keep patient comfort and improve the quality of the hospital. This bed works on the slope of the hospital. This patient bed works by using the principles of a DC motor to raise and lower the bed, the gyroscope accelerometer sensor to detect the slope of the hospital, relay, and arduino microcontroller as its controller. The method used to make this tool was design. It works by reading accelerometer gyroscope sensors to detect slope lines at hospitals and relays as drivers to drive DC motor up and down the bed. All reading result from the sensor will be displayed via LCD (Liquid Crystal Display). The sensor reading in this tool refers to the reference point ± 3º as a reference point of 0º. This bed has worked well appropriate with the design by moving up and down based on the angle value to achieve flat conditions.Keywords: Motor DC, Relay, Sensor Accelerometer Gyroscope, LCD
Desain Power Sistem PV pada DC Microgrid berdasarkan Kombinasi Supercapacitor dan Battery
Authors: Effendy Machmud , Zulyazis Rizky Dwiki , Mardiyah Nuralif 
Published: August 2019

Abstrak— Baterai dan superkapasitor memiliki karakteristik yang berbeda sehingga sebuah sistem penyimpanan sangat sulit di injeksikan ke sebuah jaringan transmisi (grid) yang akan langsung dihubungkan dengan daya permintaan (Load Demand). Dc Microgrid adalah solusi utama yang mana sumber energi berasal dari Photovoltaic dan storage system berasal dari kombinasi Battery dan Supercapacitors. Penggunaan kombinasi Supercapacitors dan Battery berfungsi untuk mengurangi kinerja baterai yang berlebih. Power Management Strategy digunakan untuk menentukan seberapa besar daya yang dibutuhkan pada grafik daya permintaan, Kontrol Logika Fuzzy digunakan sebagai kontrol utama pada sistem ini untuk menentukan refrensi masukan pada Supercapacitors. Hasil simulasi menunjukan Supercapacitors mampu mensuplai kekurangan energi pada baterai dengan waktu lebih singkat.Kata kunci: Dc Microgrid, Photovoltaic, Power Management Strategy, Supercapacitors, Fuzzy Abstract— Batteries and super capacitors have different characteristics so that a storage system is very difficult to inject into a transmission network (grid) which will be directly connected to the demand power. Dc Micro grid is the main solution where energy sources from Photovoltaic and storage systems come from a combination of Battery and Super capacitors. The use of a combination of Super capacitors and Battery serves to reduce the performance of excessive batteries. Power Management Strategy is used to determine how much power is needed in the demand power graph, Fuzzy Logic Control is used as the main control in this system to determine the reference input to Supercapacitors. The simulation results show that super capacitors are able to supply a lack of energy in batteries with a shorter time.Keywords: Dc Microgrid, Photovoltaic, Power Management Strategy, Supercapacitors, Fuzzy
PEMBUATAN PEPTON DARI KHAMIR DENGAN ENZIM PAPAIN UNTUK MEDIA PERTUMBUHAN BAKTERI
Authors: Fachraniah Fachraniah , Fardiaz Dedi , Idiyanti Tami 
Published: August 2019

Peptone can be produced from yeast by enzymatic hydrolysis with papain. The activity of papain used in this experiment against casein is indicated by Vm (2000 unit) and Km (0.8%). The process condition for yeast was [S] = 4.76%, [E] =0.2%, 60 0C, pH 5.8-5.9, 5 hours. The yield of the hydrolysis process of yeast was 18.9%. The peptone obtained was brownish yellow in color with moisture contentof 5%, ash content 7 %, total protein 11%, solubility 98%, amino nitrogen 2.82, and AN/TN ratio = 27.62%. The chromatographic pattern of the peptone using gelfiltration column of Superdex-75 appeared to be the same as that of the commercial pepton. Growth test with E. coli, S. aureus, and B. subtilis showed that yeast peptone could be used as component in media for microbial growth.
PENGARUH PENDIDIKAN KESEHATAN TERHADAP PERAWATAN DIRI PENDERITA DIABETES MELLITUS TIPE 2
Authors: Ferianto Ferianto , Adi Mateus Sakundarno , Rachma Nurullya 
Published: August 2019

Background: Someone in middle adulthood has begun to experience changes leading to an aging process, so they are vulnerable to degenerative diseases. Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease which is still being a health problem in Indonesia. Problems and complications in people with DM can be minimized if the patient has sufficient knowledge and ability to carry out self-care. One effort that can be done is to provide health education about self-care to optimize metabolic control, prevent acute and chronic complications, optimize quality of life and able to carry out self-care behavior independently.
Objective: This study aimed to determine the effect of health education on self care activities in type 2 diabetes mellitus in Puskesmas Pandak I.
Method: This was a quasi-experimental study with a one group pretest-posttest study design. The samples used were 26 respondents. Data analysis technique used paired t-tes with a significance level of p < 0.05.
Result: There is a significant enhancement in self-care activities. Statistical analysis using paired t-test found there were significant differences in the value of self-care activities between pre and post-education among type 2 diabetes mellitus diabetes (p <0.005).
Conclusion: Health education can improve self care activities for people with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Puskesmas Pandak I.
Keyword : Health education, self-care
An Analysis of English Lexical Collocation Found in English Newspaper
Authors: Yulfi Yulfi , Seli Sastika , Ariska Reni 
Published: August 2019

This study was conducted to find out the answer of question about what the English lexical collocation found in English Newspaper, The Jakarta Post. This study was designed as a descriptive qualitative research and data of the study was described in form of qualitative description. The data was taken from the headlines of the Jakarta post newspaper which published on April 4th - 9th 2016. The sources of the data in this study were sentences and utterances that contain collocation. Human instrument was the only instrument used in collecting and analyzing the data gathered. The result of this study showed that (1) there were fourty four English lexical collocations found in the Jakarta post newspaper and (2) the meanings of English lexical collocation were fourty three had denotative meaning and one had connotative meaning.

Keywords: english lexical collocation, words meaning, the Jakarta post