bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spontaneous Consumption Coagulopathy in a Dog with Thyroid Cancer
Authors: Slappendel R. J , de Maat C.E.M , Rijnberk A , van Arkel Miss C 
Published: July 2018

SummaryA case of metastasized anaplastic thyroid carcinoma associated with severe hemorrhagic diathesis in a boxer dog is described. The bleeding tendency was apparently due to consumption coagulopathy, since there was simultaneous occurrence of thrombocytopenia, hypofibrinogenemia and depletion of clotting factors II, V, VIII and X. Fibrinogen breakdown products were demonstrated by three different immunochemical techniques.
Blood Coagulation, in Normal and Hypercholesterolemic Dogs, Unmodified by Chylomicrons*
Authors: Kelly L. A , Newman H. A. I 
Published: July 2018

SummaryInvestigations were performed on the effects of chylomicrons on blood coagulation. No clotting occurred when dog thoracic duct chylomicrons were substituted for the platelets used in the measurement of thromboplastin generation time.Hypercholesterolemic or normal dog serum was incubated for 3 hours with chylomicrons to transfer 40% of the chylomicron phospholipids to serum lipoproteins. These sera also did not decrease thromboplastin generation time.Thromboplastin generation of plasma and whole blood clotting times of dogs on high fat diets were not different than normal controls.
Effects of Thorium Dioxide upon Blood Clotting and Platelets. I. In Vitro Studies
Authors: Hjort P. F , McGehee W. G , Rapaport S. I 
Published: July 2018

SummaryThorium dioxide was found to damage clotting factors and to interfere with platelet functions in vitro:
1. Fibrinogen and factor V were progressively inactivated. Citrate did not prevent damage to these factors. Thorium dioxide was concentrated in the clot, which suggests that it binds to fibrinogen.2. Factors II, VII, IX, and X were also inactivated. Inactivation of these factors could be prevented or reversed by citrate.3. Factors VIII, XI, and XII were not altered.4. Platelets became less adhesive and less subject to aggregation.These effects were more marked with unfiltered suspensions of thorium dioxide (TDS) than with filtered suspensions (Thorotrast). They were also increased by increasing the concentration of thorium dioxide, and the time and temperature of incubation. Thorium dioxide probably forms complexes with the clotting proteins, thereby making them less reactive.
The Plasmin Inhibitors of Plasma
Authors: Shamash Y , Rimon A 
Published: July 2018

SummaryA new method for the assay of plasmin inhibitors in human plasma is described. The method consists of determination of the caseinolytic activity of a standard plasmin solution before and after incubation with the inhibitor, with lysine added to the mixture as a stabilizer of plasmin. Using this method, it was found that plasma contains enough inhibitors to inactivate 30 caseinolytic units of plasmin, or 10 times the normal amount of plasminogen in human plasma.
Hemifacial Trigeminal Pain Referred from Occipital Neuralgia Due to Compression of the Greater Occipital Nerve by the Occipital Artery
Authors: Ko Hak-cheol , Choi Jin-gyu , Son Byung-chul 
Published: July 2018

Although pathologic vascular contact between the occipital artery and the greater occipital nerve (GON) at the crossing point in the nuchal subcutaneous layer can cause occipital neuralgia, referred hemifacial trigeminal pain from chronic occipital neuralgia owing to this cause is extremely rare.A 61-year-old female patient with left-sided occipital neuralgia for 4 years presented with a new onset of left-sided hemifacial pain. Decompression of the left GON from pathologic contacts with the occipital artery resulted in immediate relief for hemifacial pain and chronic occipital neuralgia. The present case implies that sensitization and hyperactivity of the trigeminocervical complex that receives the convergent input from trigeminal and high cervical occipital nociceptive pathways can be a pathogenic mechanism in referred hemifacial pain from occipital neuralgia. In the present case, a branching tributary of the occipital artery at the crossing point forming a constricting loop above the course of the GON was found to be the cause of entrapment. Because the occipital artery is reported to be consistently located superficial to the GON at the crossing point, a spatial relationship between the occipital artery and the GON rather than a mere adhesion or contact might have pathologic significance in the development of occipital neuralgia.
Faktor XIII, Thrombin und Fibronectin als Regulatoren der Fibroblastenproliferation bei der Wundheilung Untersuchungen an Fibroblastenkulturen. Vergleichende Analysen an Gefäßwand- und Malignomzellen
Authors: Bruhn H. D. 
Published: July 2018

ZusammenfassungThrombin und Faktor XIII stimulieren die Fibroblastenproliferation unter gleichzeitiger intrazellulärer Zunahme von cGMP. Fibronectin hemmt dagegen die relative 3H-Thymidin-Aufnahme von Fibroblasten, so daß Thrombin, Faktor XIII und Fibronectin bei der Wundheilung regulatorische Einflüsse ausüben. Vergleichende Untersuchungen an Gefäßwand-und Malignomzellen zeigen vergleichbare Wirkungen.
Gewebeversiegelung durch lokale Applikation von Gerinnungsfaktoren
Authors: Blümel G. , Stemberger A. 
Published: July 2018

ZusammenfassungDie Technik der lokalen Applikation von Gerinnungsfaktoren hat in den letzten Iahren zunehmend Eingang in die Medizin gefunden. Die sog. Fibrinklebung ist aufgrund der bisherigen Erfahrungen nur zur Fixierung gering belasteter Gewebestrukturen einsetzbar. Durch die lokale Anwendung von Gerinnungsfaktoren
in Kombination mit resorbierbaren Tragern auf der Basis von Kollagen wird die Blutgerinnung beschleunigt und bei Patienten mit hereditären wie iatrogenen Blutungskomplikationen die Hamostase erleichtert. Von Vorteil ist ferner der initiale gas- und fliissigkeitsdichte Wundverschluß.Im Gegensatz zu Cyanoacrylatklebstoff wird keine Fremdkörperreaktion ausgelöst. Vergleichbar einem intaktern Gerinnungsfaktor stimulieren die lokal applizierten Gerinnungsfaktoren Fibrinogen und Thrombin in Gegenwart eines polyvalenten Proteinaseninhibitors wie Aprotinin die Wundheilung.
Megakaryocytes and Platelets in Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Lampeter E. , Schwippert B. , Tschöpe D. 
Published: July 2018

SummaryIn patients with diabetes mellitus vascular diseases and related complications still represent the main cause of death. Neuropathy, nephropathy, retinopathy and disturbed nutritive tissue perfusion result from reduced capillary microcirculation. Macroangiopathic mechanisms lead to accelerated cerebral, coronary and peripheral artery disease precipitating life terminating thrombotic events superimposed to those vascular lesions. Thus morbidity and mortality depend mainly on vascular complications. The functional thromboresistance is reduced in the diabetic state with hyperactive platelets operating by three mechanisms: 1) microembol-isation of the capillaries; 2) local progression of preexisting vascular lesions by secretion of constrictive, mitogenic and oxidative substances; 3) trigger of the prognosis limiting arterial thrombotic event. The increased functional properties of di-abetic platelets result from the primary release of larger platelets with enhanced thromboxane formation capacity and increased numbers of functional glycoprotein receptors GPIb and GPIIb-llla which are synthesized in the megakaryocytes. It could be demonstrated with the Düsseldorf III method of flowcytometric activation marker testing (CD62, CD63, thrombospondin) that predominantly large platelets circulate in an activated state even in very early (pre)diabetic stages sug-gesting that the megakaryocyte-platelet system might be systemically affected. Based on these observation a "stem cell hypothesis" is developed which suggests that bone marrow derived platelets may be systemically involved in the pathogenesis of the vascular complications and eventually of type-l diabetes. The idea of antiplatelet agents as an useful early adjunct to metabolic therapy is promoted.
Therapie von Fibrinogenmangelzuständen
Authors: Rode M. D. , Broder M. , Bonik K. 
Published: July 2018

ZusammenfassungIm Rahmen einer Anwendungbeobachtung an 96 Patienten wurden die Indikationen, Dosierung, Wirksamkeit und Verträglichkeit des Fibrinogenkonzentrats Haemocomplettan HS 1 g/2g dokumentiert, ausgewertet und mit den Daten einer Zwischenauswertung (51 Patienten) verglichen. Hauptindikationen waren Fibrinogenmangelzustände bei Blutungen, Leberschäden, DIC, Hyperfibrinolysen und Leukämien. Im Mittel wurden in 3 Dosen 5,6 g Fibrinogen verabreicht; bei Leberschäden war die Dosierung meist höher als bei anderen Erkrankungen. Durch die Substitution wurde ein Fibrinogenanstieg um etwa 1,1 g/l auf 1,9 g/l erreicht. Haemocomplettan HS wurde allein oder in Kombination mit anderen Gerinnungspräparaten (AT III, PPSB, FFP, Heparin) als sehr wirksames Medikament beurteilt: Bei fast allen Patienten (97,3%) gelang eine Anhebung bzw. Normalisierung des Fibrinogenspiegels. Bei 75% aller Patienten blieb der Fibrinogenspiegel dauerhaft im Normbereich. Blutungen konnten bei 89,1% und die Grundkrankheit bei 82,1% der Fälle erfolgreich behandelt werden. Die Er-gebnisse der Zwischenauswertung wurden damit voll bestätigt.
Simple Workflow Changes Enable Effective Patient Identity Matching in Poison Control
Authors: Cummins Mollie , Ranade-Kharkar Pallavi , Johansen Cody , Bennett Heather , Gabriel Shelley , Crouch Barbara , Del Fiol Guilherme , Hoffman Matt 
Published: July 2018

Background U.S. poison control centers pose a special case for patient identity matching because they collect only minimal patient identifying information.
Methods In early 2017, the Utah Poison Control Center (Utah PCC) initiated participation in regional health information exchange by sending Health Level Seven Consolidated Clinical Document Architecture (C-CDA) documents to the Utah Health Information Network and Intermountain Healthcare. To increase the documentation of patient identifiers by the Utah PCC, we (1) adapted documentation practices to enable more complete and consistent documentation, and (2) implemented staff training to improve collection of identifiers.
Results Compared with the same time period in 2016, the Utah PCC showed an increase of 27% (p < 0.001) in collection of birth date for cases referred to a health care facility, while improvements in the collection of other identifiers ranged from 0 to 8%. Automated patient identity matching was successful for 77% (100 of 130) of the C-CDAs.
Conclusion Historical processes and procedures for matching patient identities require adaptation or added functionality to adequately support the PCC use case.
Prevalence and Topography of the Peroneus tertius Muscle: a Study of Human Cadavers
Authors: Vieira A. , Monteiro A. , Nacur F. , Coutinho R. , Direito T. , Torres D. 
Published: July 2018

Introduction The peroneus tertius muscle, also known as fibularis tertius, is classified as an anatomic variation and has been described as inconstant in a wide variety of contemporaneous studies and in the classical medical literature. Its fibers are sometimes mistaken for those of the extensor digitorum longus muscle. In fact, peroneus tertius is detached from the extensor digitorum longus muscle through a tendon inserted into the base of the fifth metatarsal bone, after passing through the frondiform ligament of the extensor retinaculum.
Objectives The present study evaluated the prevalence, origin and insertion point of the peroneus tertius muscle in human cadavers.
Methods and Results Thirty-two lower limbs, 18.75% of which came from female cadavers, were obtained from two different anatomy laboratories at two separate institutes. The cadaver parts were dissected and photographed. Overall, the muscle was present in 93.75% of the samples and in 100% of the samples from female cadavers. The fibers of the muscle originated in the proximal third of the fibula in 6.68% of cases, in the middle third in 46.66% and in the distal third in 46.66% of cases. Insertion of the tendon was at the base of the fifth metatarsal in 70% of cases and in the space between the fourth and the fifth metatarsal in 30%.
Conclusion Therefore, the peroneus tertius muscle was present in the majority of the cadaver parts analyzed; however, the sites of origin and insertion varied. These results contradict data in the classical literature and in contemporaneous studies.
Versorgung von Traumapatienten mit dem „REBEL“-Set
Authors: Kippnich Maximilian , Jelting Yvonne , Kraus Martin , Artmann Thorsten , Wurmb Thomas , Kranke Peter 
Published: July 2018

ZusammenfassungDie zunehmende Terrorbedrohung und ein verändertes Einsatzspektrum für den Rettungsdienst erfordern eine Anpassung und Erweiterung von Notfallrettungsmitteln und Einsatztaktik. Ein Beispiel hierfür ist die bayerische „Handlungsempfehlung für Rettungsdienst bei besonderen Einsatzlagen (REBEL)“. Es werden 3 Fälle vorgestellt, bei denen „neue Hilfsmittel“ wie Hämostyptika, Thoraxverschlusspflaster und Tourniquet aus dem REBEL-Set bei Rettungsdiensteinsätzen angewandt wurden.
The influence of childhood intelligence, social class, education and social mobility on memory and memory decline in late life
Authors: Staff R T , Hogan M J , Whalley L J 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
In an observational longitudinal study of a sub-sample of the Aberdeen 1936 birth cohort, from age 62 to 77 years, we investigated childhood intelligence, social class, education, life-course social mobility, memory test performance and memory decline in late life. We examined 388 local residents who had attended school in Aberdeen in 1947 and measured Auditory-Verbal Learning Test (AVLT) at recruitment age about 64 years and up to five times until age about 77 years. Better performance at age about 64 on AVLT was predicted by early socioeconomic status (SES), social mobility and childhood intelligence. The trajectory of AVLT decline was steeper in those who had received less education. This relationship was independent of childhood ability, sex, SES in childhood and social mobility. The protection of memory by education suggests that education supports resilience to age-related cognitive impairment. Upward social mobility does not enhance this effect, suggesting that resilience to age-related decline may be established in early life.
An Endpoint Estimate for Rough Maximal Singular Integrals
Authors: Honzík Petr 
Published: July 2018

AbstractWe study the rough maximal singular integral $$T^{\#}_\Omega\big(\,f\big)\big(x\big)=\sup_{\varepsilon&gt;0} \left| \int_{\mathbb{R}^{n}\setminus B(0,\varepsilon)}|y|^{-n} \Omega(y/|y|)\,f(x-y) \mathrm{d}y\right|,$$where $\Omega$ is a function in $L^\infty (\mathbb{S}^{n-1})$ with vanishing integral. It is well known that the operator is bounded on $L^p$ for $1&lt;p&lt;\infty ,$ but it is an open question whether it is of the weak type 1-1. We show that $T^{\#}_\Omega$ is bounded from $L(\log \log L)^{2+\varepsilon }$ to $L^{1,\infty }$ locally.
“The Atmosphere is Permissive and Free”: The Gendering of Activism in the British Adventure Playgrounds Movement, ca. 1948–70
Authors: Cowman Krista 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
This article explores how gender shaped activities on British adventure playgrounds, designated abandoned spaces where children engaged in free play with urban materials under loose adult supervision. It argues that as these bold experiments emerged in postwar Britain in a period when women’s traditional roles were beginning to be scrutinized and questioned, they might have been expected to develop into spaces where traditional gendered norms were challenged, girls and boys were offered different forms of play, and mothers were drawn into wider community activism. This potential was limited through the emergence of the figure of the heroic playleader, a charismatic man capable of taming potentially delinquent urban youth through extreme displays of masculinity. Consequently, it was not until the late 1970s, a decade after the establishment of an autonomous Women’s Liberation Movement, that adventure playgrounds began to challenge gendered play behaviors.
Prevalence of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders in 4 US Communities
Authors: May Philip A. , Chambers Christina D. , Kalberg Wendy O. , Zellner Jennifer , Feldman Haruna , Buckley David , Kopald David , Hasken Julie M. , Xu Ronghui , Honerkamp-Smith Gordon , Taras Howard , Manning Melanie A. , Robinson Luther K. , Adam Margaret P. , Abdul-Rahman Omar , Vaux Keith , Jewett Tamison , Elliott Amy J. , Kable Julie A. , Akshoomoff Natacha , Falk Daniel , Arroyo Judith A. , Hereld Dale , Riley Edward P. , Charness Michael E. , Coles Claire D. , Warren Kenneth R. , Jones Kenneth Lyons , Hoyme H. Eugene 
Published: July 2018

(Abstracted from JAMA 2018;319(5):474–482)
Several single-site, active-case ascertainment studies in the United States have shown widely varying prevalence estimates for fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, composed of fetal alcohol syndrome, partial fetal alcohol syndrome, and alcohol-related neurodevelopmental disorder. Prevalence of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders are challenging to estimate using routine surveillance methods, and cases are often misdiagnosed or undiagnosed.
Fibrous Papule: A Histopathologic Review
Authors: Damman Jeffrey , Biswas Asok 
Published: July 2018

Abstract:Fibrous papule (FP) is a common benign lesion located primarily in the nose. Although its histogenesis has been marred with controversies in the past, the dermal dendrocyte is now largely accepted to be the putative cell of origin. Histopathologic diagnosis of an FP is straightforward in most cases, which shows characteristics of an angiofibroma. Several histologic variants have been described, recognition of which is important to avoid a misdiagnosis and inappropriate treatment. This review presents a historical perspective into the histogenesis, discusses the histopathologic features and potential diagnostic pitfalls of classic FP, and lists the various histologic variants and their differential diagnoses.
A Comparison of the Histopathologic Growth Patterns Between Non–Merkel Cell Small Round Blue Cell Tumors and Merkel Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Bandino Justin P. , Purvis Caitlin G. , Shaffer Blake R. , Gad AbdAllah , Elston Dirk M. 
Published: July 2018

Background:
Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare neuroendocrine cutaneous malignancy that shares cytologic, histopathologic, and immunohistochemical features with other small round blue cell (SRBC) tumors. Although the trabecular pattern is anecdotally associated with MCC, objective data are lacking.

Methods:
This was a retrospective institutional review board–approved observational study conducted on microscopic images of 79 MCCs and 74 other SRBC tumors (desmoplastic small round cell tumor, primitive neuroectodermal tumor, neuroblastoma, embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma, alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma, synovial sarcoma, carcinoid, metastatic small cell lung cancer, non-Hodgkin small cell lymphoma, retinoblastoma, medulloblastoma, nephroblastoma, small cell osteosarcoma, and round cell liposarcoma). An expert dermatopathologist evaluated blinded and randomized microscopic specimens and recorded histologic patterns (diffuse, infiltrative, large anastomosing nests, small islands, any trabecular, focal trabecular, mixed trabecular, and predominately trabecular).

Results:
Trabecular features were identified in over 72% of MCCs but only rarely in non-MCC SRBC tumors. The presence of any amount of a trabecular pattern favored a diagnosis of MCC over SRBC tumors with a sensitivity of 72.2% and a specificity of 87.8%. If “any” and “focal” trabecular patterns were discounted, specificity rose to 93.2%.

Conclusion:
The presence of a trabecular pattern helps to differentiate MCC from other SRBC tumors, and specificity approaches that achieved with immunostaining.
Evaluation of Omeprazole Limited Sampling Strategies to Estimate Constitutive Cytochrome P450 2C19 Activity in Healthy Adults
Authors: Lin Swan , Nikanjam Mina , Capparelli Edmund V. , Allegrini Alessandro , Pavone Daniele , Yim Dong-Seok , Hammami Muhammad M. , Bertino Joseph S. , Nafziger Anne N. , Park Yoo-Sin , Yin Ophelia Q. , Ma Joseph D. 
Published: July 2018

Background:
Limited sampling strategy (LSS) is a validated method to estimate pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters from a reduced number of samples. Omeprazole is used to phenotype in vivo cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2C19 activity. This study examined an LSS using 2 estimation methods to determine apparent oral clearance (CL/F) and thus CYP2C19 activity.

Methods:
Data from 7 previously published studies included healthy subjects receiving a single, oral dose of omeprazole with intensive PK sampling. CL/F was estimated using noncompartmental analysis (NCA) and population PK modeling. LSS was simulated by selecting the 1, 2, 4, and/or 6-hour postdose time points. Linear regression was performed to assess whether CL/F estimated from limited sampling could accurately predict CL/F from the full PK profile.

Results:
Median CL/F was 23.7 L/h by NCA and 19.3 L/h by population PK modeling. In comparing the LSS NCA estimated versus observed CL/F, all evaluated linear regression models had unacceptable coefficients of determination (r
2, range: 0.14–0.81). With the population PK approach, 737 plasma concentrations (n = 71) and CYP2C19 genotype data were described with a 1-compartment structural model with mixed zero and first-order absorption and lag time. In comparing the population PK LSS estimated versus observed CL/F, all evaluated linear regression models had unacceptable r
2 (range: 0.02–0.74). Post hoc comparison of CYP2C19 poor metabolizers versus CYP2C19 extensive metabolizers resulted in significantly lower CL/F in poor metabolizers versus extensive metabolizers.

Conclusions:
Omeprazole LSS performed poorly in estimating CL/F using 2 separate estimation approaches and does not seem to be a suitable method for determining CYP2C19 activity.
Prevalence and characteristics of hepatopulmonary syndrome in children with cirrhosis in southern Brazil
Authors: Ceza Marília R. , Garcia Eduardo , Anselmi Carlos E. , Epifanio Matias , Melere Melina U. , Ferreira Cristina T. , Steinhaus Cintia , Coral Gabriela P. 
Published: July 2018

Background
Hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS) is defined as a triad characterized by arterial deoxygenation, intrapulmonary vascular dilatations (IPVDs), and liver disorder. The aims of this study were to assess the prevalence of HPS in children with cirrhosis, the clinical characteristics of patients with HPS, and the tests used for the diagnosis of IPVD.

Patients and methods
This was a prospective, cross-sectional study of 40 children with cirrhosis (median age: 44 months). Investigations of HPS included arterial blood gas analysis, contrast-enhanced transthoracic echocardiography (CE-TTE), and perfusion lung scanning using technetium-99m-labeled macroaggregated albumin (99mTc-MMA). Patients’ clinical characteristics (age, etiology of cirrhosis, and severity of hepatopathy) were assessed. HPS was defined as liver disease; alveolar–arterial oxygen gradient of at least 15 mmHg and/or partial pressure of arterial oxygen less than 80 mmHg; and detection of IPVD by CE-TTE or 99mTc-MMA scanning. Statistical significance was indicated by a P value less than 0.05.

Results
The prevalence of HPS was 42.5% (17/40). Eight patients had moderate HPS (47%) and two patients had severe HPS (12%). In bivariate analysis, biliary atresia (P=0.033) and median age (10 months; P=0.005) were associated with HPS. In multivariate analysis, only age remained statistically significant (prevalence ratio=0.99; 95% confidence interval=0.98–0.99; P=0.010). Sixteen patients with HPS had IPVD detected by CE-TTE (94.1%) and six patients had IPVD detected by 99mTc-MMA scanning (35.3%), with no significant agreement between these methods (κ=−0.12; P=0.163).

Conclusion
HPS is a common complication of cirrhosis in children. A combination of clinical and imaging criteria should be used to diagnose HPS.