bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Preliminary, Open-Label Study of Naltrexone and Bupropion Combination Therapy for Treating Binge Drinking in Human Subjects
Authors: Walter T Jordan , Navarro Montserrat , Thiele Todd E , Pedersen Cort , Kampov-Polevoy Alexey , Garbutt J C 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAimsThe combination of bupropion and naltrexone has shown efficacy in reducing binge drinking in animal models. This study assessed the tolerability and potential utility of combined naltrexone and bupropion in reducing binge drinking in human subjects.MethodsThis preliminary study employed an open-label, single-arm, 12-week, prospective design. Twelve men and women who exhibited a minimum of five (men) or three (women) binge drinking episodes per month over the past 3 months were recruited. All subjects received both bupropion-extended release 300 mg/day and naltrexone 50 mg/day and were monitored throughout the 3-month treatment period. Binge drinking was assessed using the timeline follow-back method.ResultsTreatment with combined naltrexone and bupropion reduced the average number of drinks per binge drinking day from 7.8 drinks to 6.4 drinks and reduced the average percentage of binge drinking days per month from 19% (5.7 days/month) to 5% (1.5 days/month). Naltrexone and bupropion were generally well tolerated, with insomnia, headache and nausea/diarrhea being the most common side effects. Six subjects elected to stay on medication after the trial.ConclusionsThis study suggests that combined naltrexone and bupropion therapy should be further investigated for tolerability and efficacy in reducing binge drinking in humans.
Romanticism of Numbers: Hamilton, Jefferson, and the Sublime
Authors: Hewitt Elizabeth 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThis essay analyzes the narrative elements of the partisan dispute concerning Hamilton’s fiscal proposals in the first years of the 1790s. Focusing especially on a sequence of letters from the summer of 1792 between Alexander Hamilton, George Washington, and Thomas Jefferson, it proposes that we should study Hamilton’s response to his opponents as an aesthetic argument. More specifically, Hamilton crafts the nation’s economic policy by conceiving of the sublimity of capital and finance, and I propose we should read Hamilton’s writing with an eye toward Immanuel Kant’s theory of the sublime. The essay also situates Hamilton in relation to other theorists of the economic sublime, including Fredric Jameson, François Lyotard, and Max Weber.
Adaptive penalization in high-dimensional regression and classification with external covariates using variational Bayes
Authors: Velten Britta , Huber Wolfgang 
Published: August 2019

Summary
Penalization schemes like Lasso or ridge regression are routinely used to regress a response of interest on a high-dimensional set of potential predictors. Despite being decisive, the question of the relative strength of penalization is often glossed over and only implicitly determined by the scale of individual predictors. At the same time, additional information on the predictors is available in many applications but left unused. Here, we propose to make use of such external covariates to adapt the penalization in a data-driven manner. We present a method that differentially penalizes feature groups defined by the covariates and adapts the relative strength of penalization to the information content of each group. Using techniques from the Bayesian tool-set our procedure combines shrinkage with feature selection and provides a scalable optimization scheme. We demonstrate in simulations that the method accurately recovers the true effect sizes and sparsity patterns per feature group. Furthermore, it leads to an improved prediction performance in situations where the groups have strong differences in dynamic range. In applications to data from high-throughput biology, the method enables re-weighting the importance of feature groups from different assays. Overall, using available covariates extends the range of applications of penalized regression, improves model interpretability and can improve prediction performance.
Phenology of the genetic model Setaria viridis (Poaceae) according to the BBCH-scale of development
Authors: Junqueira Nicia E G , Bezerra Ana C M , Cattem Marcus V O , Medici Leonardo O , Alves-Ferreira Márcio , Macrae Andrew , Ortiz-Silva Bianca , Reinert Fernanda 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Setaria viridis, a genetic model for C4 monocots, has potential to provide information of relevance for plant biotechnology, contributing to an understanding of how genetic engineering can affect phenotype and agricultural production. The BBCH growth scale for the A10.1 accession of S. viridis consists of a detailed phenotypic analysis process, based on defined growth stages. Measurements of morphological attributes complementing the scale were also made, supporting the identification of growth and development stages. Phenotypic stages were grouped into three major stages of development: vegetative (BBCH 0 to 4), reproductive (BBCH 5 to 8) and senescence (BBCH 9). Observation and interpretation of the growth and development data of accessions A10.1 and Ast-1 showed that the former presents phenotypic homogeneity, which makes it suitable for the construction of the BBCH-scale and improves our understanding of the phenology of this model plant. This methodological framework facilitates the comparison of genotypes and phenotypes among natural accessions and future mutants and the study of the evolution of tolerance to abiotic stress.
Leaf micromorphology in Poaceae subtribe Olyrinae (Bambusoideae) and its systematic implications
Authors: Lima Jamile Fernandes , Leite Kelly Regina Batista , Clark Lynn G , de Oliveira R Patricia 
Published: August 2019

AbstractWe analysed the leaf epidermal surfaces of 52 species of herbaceous bamboos belonging to all 20 genera of subtribe Olyrinae (Olyreae). We used scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and light microscopy (LM) to describe their foliar microcharacters and test the taxonomic utility of these characters in the subtribe. Shape and distribution of silica bodies, presence, type and distribution of papillae on the long cells and subsidiary cells and the presence and distribution of prickles and macrohairs were found to be taxonomically informative, whereas microhairs were not useful in this group. The type of papillae on the abaxial surface had a robust taxonomic value mainly at the generic level, whereas the distribution of these microstructures helped to differentiate some species of Arberella, Cryptochloa, Diandrolyra, Olyra, Piresia and Sucrea. We also confirmed that in some species, papillae associated with the stomata are on the long cells and project over the stomatal complexes, whereas in other species they occur on the subsidiary cells.
Cripto-1 promotes tumor invasion and predicts poor outcomes in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Huang Tao , Guo Yi-Zhan , Yue Xiao , Zhang Guo-Pei , Zhang Yi , Kuang Ming , Peng Bao-Gang , Li Shao-Qiang 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Cripto-1 (CR1), an oncofetal protein, had been implied to reactivate in some cancers. However, the relationship between CR1 expression and patient outcomes and the tumor biological function of CR1 contributing to invasion and metastasis in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is poorly defined. In this study, we demonstrated that CR1 was expressed in over 80% of HCCs in a training cohort (n = 242) and a validation cohort (n = 159). High CR1 expression was significantly correlated with aggressive HCC phenotypes (i.e. portal vein tumor thrombus, microscopic vascular invasion, multiple tumors and poor tumor differentiation). In both the training and validation cohorts, patients with high CR1 expression had remarkably shorter disease-free survival and overall survival rates than those with low CR1 expression. A series in vitro and in vivo assays showed that CR1 substantially promoted HCC cell migration, invasion and metastasis. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that CR1 induced HCC cells to undergo epithelial–mesenchymal transition through activating the Akt/NFκB/p65 signaling. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assay showed that NFκB/p65 enhanced CR1 expression by binding its promoter. Thus, CR1 and NFκB/p65 form a positive feedback loop that sustained the process of migration and invasion of HCC. Therefore, CR1 plays an important role in HCC invasion and metastasis and may be an effective and reliable prognostic biomarker for HCC recurrence after resection. Targeting CR1 may be a promising treatment for HCC.
Routine Screening of Anal Cytology in Persons With Human Immunodeficiency Virus and the Impact on Invasive Anal Cancer: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Revollo Boris , Videla Sebastián , Llibre Josep M , Paredes Roger , Piñol Marta , García-Cuyàs Francesc , Ornelas Arelly , Puig Jordi , Parés David , Corral Javier , Clotet Bonaventura , Sirera Guillem 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Background
The efficacy of screening programs to prevent anal cancer in persons with human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) is unclear.

Methods
To examine the impact of a screening program to detect anal cancer precursors on the incidence of cases of invasive anal squamous-cell carcinoma (IASCC) in persons with HIV-1, we performed a single-center, retrospective analysis of a prospective cohort of outpatients with HIV-1 attending a reference HIV unit from January 2005 onward. All participants were invited to participate in a continued structured screening program for anal cancer prevention. We estimated the incidence of IASCC and performed a comparative analysis between subjects enrolled in the screening program (screening group) and those who declined to participate (nonscreening group). To reduce any selection bias, a propensity score analysis was applied.

Results
We included 3111 persons with HIV-1 (1596 men-who-have-sex-with-men [MSM], 888 men-who-have-sex-with-women [MSW], 627 women; mean age, 41 years), with a median follow-up of 4.7 years (14 595 patient-years of follow-up); 1691 (54%) participated in the screening program. Ten patients were diagnosed with IASCC: 2 (MSM) in the screening group and 8 (4 MSM, 2 MSW, and 2 women) in the nonscreening group. The incidence rates of IASCC were 21.9 (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.7–70.3) and 107.0 (95% CI, 46.2–202.0) per 100 000 person-years, respectively. After a propensity score adjustment, the difference was significant in favor of the screening group (hazard ratio, 0.17; 95% CI, .03–.86).

Conclusions
The number of cases of IASCC was significantly lower in persons with HIV engaged in an anal cytology screening program. These results should be validated in a randomized clinical trial.
Interstitial fibroblasts in donor kidneys predict late posttransplant anemia
Authors: Mafune Hamada Aki , Yamamoto Izumi , Kawabe Mayuko , Katsumata Haruki , Yamakawa Takafumi , Katsuma Ai , Nakada Yasuyuki , Kobayashi Akimitsu , Koike Yusuke , Miki Jun , Yamada Hiroki , Kimura Takahiro , Tanno Yudo , Ohkido Ichiro , Tsuboi Nobuo , Yamamoto Hiroyasu , Urashima Mitsuyoshi , Yokoo Takashi 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackgroundPosttransplant anemia (PTA) is associated with the progression of kidney disease and mortality in kidney transplant recipients. Although the main causes of PTA are recipient factors, donor factors have not been fully investigated. In this study we investigated the association of donor pathological findings with the incidence of PTA in kidney transplant recipients after 3 years of transplantation.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study at a single university hospital. A total of 50 consecutive adult recipients and donors were enrolled. To assess the structure of interstitial lesions, immunohistochemical staining of interstitial fibrosis and fibroblasts were assessed in 0-h biopsies for quantitative analysis.ResultsThe incidence of PTA in this cohort was 30%. The mean hemoglobin (Hb) was 11.6 ± 0.8 g/dL in patients with PTA and 14.3 ± 1.5 g/dL in patients without PTA. An inverse association was observed in biopsies between interstitial fibrosis area and interstitial fibroblast area (P &lt; 0.01) and each pathological finding was examined for its association with PTA incidence after multivariate adjustment. For the interstitial fibrosis area, the odds ratio (OR) was 1.94 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.26–2.99; P &lt; 0.01]. For the interstitial fibroblast area, the OR was 0.01 (95% CI 0.00–0.16; P &lt; 0.01). Receiver operating characteristics curve analysis indicated that the interstitial fibroblast area had high predictive power for the incidence of PTA.ConclusionsThe presence of interstitial fibroblasts in donor kidneys may play an important role in predicting the incidence of PTA.
Early postnatal overnutrition accelerates aging-associated epigenetic drift in pancreatic islets
Authors: Li Ge , Petkova Tihomira D , Laritsky Eleonora , Kessler Noah , Baker Maria S , Zhu Shaoyu , Waterland Robert A 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Pancreatic islets of type 2 diabetes patients have altered DNA methylation, contributing to islet dysfunction and the onset of type 2 diabetes. The cause of these epigenetic alterations is largely unknown. We set out to test whether (i) islet DNA methylation would change with aging and (ii) early postnatal overnutrition would persistently alter DNA methylation. We performed genome-scale DNA methylation profiling in islets from postnatally over-nourished (suckled in a small litter) and control male mice at both postnatal day 21 and postnatal day 180. DNA methylation differences were validated using quantitative bisulfite pyrosequencing, and associations with expression were assessed by RT-PCR. We discovered that genomic regions that are hypermethylated in exocrine relative to endocrine pancreas tend to gain methylation in islets during aging (R2 = 0.33, P < 0.0001). These methylation differences were inversely correlated with mRNA expression of genes relevant to β cell function [including Rab3b (Ras-related protein Rab-3B), Cacnb3 (voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit 3), Atp2a3 (sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 3) and Ins2 (insulin 2)]. Relative to control, small litter islets showed DNA methylation differences directly after weaning and in adulthood, but few of these were present at both ages. Surprisingly, we found substantial overlap of methylated loci caused by aging and small litter feeding, suggesting that the age-associated gain of DNA methylation happened much earlier in small litter islets than control islets. Our results provide the novel insights that aging-associated DNA methylation increases reflect an epigenetic drift toward the exocrine pancreas epigenome, and that early postnatal overnutrition may accelerate this process.
Fungal plasma membrane domains
Authors: Athanasopoulos Alexandros , André Bruno , Sophianopoulou Vicky , Gournas Christos 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACTThe plasma membrane (PM) performs a plethora of physiological processes, the coordination of which requires spatial and temporal organization into specialized domains of different sizes, stability, protein/lipid composition and overall architecture. Compartmentalization of the PM has been particularly well studied in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, where five non-overlapping domains have been described: The Membrane Compartments containing the arginine permease Can1 (MCC), the H+-ATPase Pma1 (MCP), the TORC2 kinase (MCT), the sterol transporters Ltc3/4 (MCL), and the cell wall stress mechanosensor Wsc1 (MCW). Additional cortical foci at the fungal PM are the sites where clathrin-dependent endocytosis occurs, the sites where the external pH sensing complex PAL/Rim localizes, and sterol-rich domains found in apically grown regions of fungal membranes. In this review, we summarize knowledge from several fungal species regarding the organization of the lateral PM segregation. We discuss the mechanisms of formation of these domains, and the mechanisms of partitioning of proteins there. Finally, we discuss the physiological roles of the best-known membrane compartments, including the regulation of membrane and cell wall homeostasis, apical growth of fungal cells and the newly emerging role of MCCs as starvation-protective membrane domains.
Microbiological and chemical hazards of commercial attieke (a fermented cassava product) produced in the south of Côte d’Ivoire
Authors: Alfred Kouamé Kohi , Jean Paul Bouatenin Koffi Maizan , Théodore Djeni N’dede , Marcellin Dje Koffi 
Published: August 2019

AbstractObjectivesInformation on the distribution and presence of microbiology and chemical hazard of commercial attieke (a fermented cassava product) produced in the south of Côte d’Ivoire were evaluated.Materials and MethodsMicrobiological analyses and chemical were carried out, which included the total viable bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella and Bacillus spores, heavy metal (pb, Cd, Mn, Fe, Cu, and Cr).Results and ConclusionsThe results revealed that the viable bacteria counts ranged from in all of samples. Staphylococcus aureus counts in the samples were comprised between (1.8 ± 0.4)102 (Jacqueville localitie) and (4.3 ± 1.8)103 (Abidjan localitie). While that of Bacillus cereus was ranged from (1.1 ± 0.9)102 (Adzopé localitie) and (5.1 ± 3.2)102 (Abidjan localitie). Salmonella spp. was not found.The levels of Pb in all samples were between 2.2 ± 0.1 mg/kg (Grand-lahou localitie) and 4.5 mg/kg ± 0.15 (Abidjan localitie) while the Cd levels of the samples varied between 0.02 ± 0.1 mg/kg (Adzopé localitie) and 0.07± 0.1 mg/kg (Divo localitie). The levels of Cr in the samples were comprised between 0.1 ± 0.03 mg/kg (Adzopé localitie) and 0.95 ± 0.1 mg/kg (Abidjan localitie) while Fe (7.3 ± 1.5 mg/kg) and Cu (1.7 ± 0.2 mg/kg) levels were the highest, respectively in Sikensi and Grand-Lahou localities. Samples from Divo localitie contained high amounts of Mn (1.6 ± 0.1 mg/kg).The occurrence of some microbiological and chemical hazard that commercial attieke collected in Cote d’Ivoire may act as a reservoir of pathogenic micro-organisms and heavy metal for human.
The safety of esophagojejunostomy via a transorally inserted-anvil method vs extracorporeal anastomosis using a circular stapler during total gastrectomy for Siewert type 2 adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction
Authors: Chen Xin-Hua , Hu Yan-Feng , Luo Jun , Chen Yue-Hong , Liu Hao , Lin Tian , Chen Hao , Li Guo-Xin , Yu Jiang 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Background
Intracorporeal esophagojejunostomy via a transorally inserted-anvil method during laparoscopic total gastrectomy (LTG) for upper gastric cancer has been demonstrated to be feasible, but the use of this assessment exclusively for Siewert type 2 adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction (AEG) has not been reported.

Methods
A total of 428 consecutive gastric-cancer patients who underwent LTG in Nanfang Hospital from January 2008 to December 2016 were reviewed. Among these patients, 98 were classified as Siewert type 2 AEG. The patients underwent intracorporeal esophagojejunostomy through either a transorally inserted-anvil method (n = 27) or extracorporeal anastomosis usinga circular stapler (n = 71). After generating propensity scores with covariates that were associated with developing anastomotic leakage, 26 patients who underwent esophagojejunostomy via the transorally inserted-anvil method (transoral group) were 1:1 matched with 26 patients who underwent the procedure via extracorporeal anastomosis using a circular stapler (extracorporeal group). The safety after 30 days post-operatively was compared between the two groups.

Results
The transoral group and extracorporeal group were balanced regarding the baseline variables. The operative time, reconstruction duration, number of dissected lymph nodes, length of the proximal resection margins, estimated blood loss, intra-operative complication rate, and post-operative recovery course were not significantly different between the two groups. The mean anvil-insertion completion time (9.7 ± 3.0 vs 13.4 ± 2.0 minutes, P &lt; 0.001) and the median incision length (5.5 vs 7.0 cm, P &lt; 0.001) in the transoral group were shorter than those in the extracorporeal group. The incidence of post-operative complications (26.9% vs 23.1%, P = 0.749) and the classification of complication severity (P = 0.939) were similar between the two groups.

Conclusions
Intracorporeal esophagojejunostomy through a transorally inserted-anvil method may be a potentially safe approach to simplify and optimize the procedure during LTG for Siewert type 2 AEG.
Aging Well in the Digital Age: Technology in Processes of Selective Optimization with Compensation
Authors: Nimrod Galit 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Objectives
Studies show that using information and communication technology (ICT) contributes significantly to elders’ subjective well-being (SWB). Drawing on the Selective Optimization with Compensation (SOC) model, this study aims at exploring the mechanism by which ICT use helps older adults remain engaged in valued life activities and maintain their SWB.

Method
Involving teams from seven countries (Canada, Colombia, Israel, Italy, Peru, Romania, Spain), 27 focus groups were conducted with a total of 184 grandmothers aged 65 years and older who use ICT.

Results
Analysis led to identification of a series of strategies related to ICT use that may be described in SOC terms. “Intentional limited use” and “Selective timing,”, for example, are clearly associated with selection. In addition, numerous optimizing strategies were found to be applied in “Instrumental” and “Leisure” activities, whereas some ICT uses offered compensation for “Aging-related” and “General” challenging circumstances.

Discussion
The study suggests that ICT is used in all three SOC processes and that its effective application facilitates adjustment and enhances SWB. It should therefore be regarded as a resource that supports existing personal and social resources and life management strategies, and even as a Quality of Life Technology that maintains or enhances functioning in older adulthood.
Psychological Resilience in the Context of Disability: A Study With Turkish and Moroccan Young-Old Immigrants Living in the Netherlands
Authors: Szabó Ágnes , Klokgieters Silvia S , Kok Almar A L , van Tilburg Theo G , Huisman Martijn 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Background and Objectives
The disability paradox postulates that some individuals with severe functional limitations demonstrate psychological resilience, that is, good mental health and quality of life. Resilience to disabilities has been linked to psychological (e.g., mastery) and social factors (e.g., social provisions). It is, however, less clear whether cultural factors can provide additional resources for resilience building in older immigrants. We investigated the extent to which sociodemographic, psychosocial, and cultural factors contributed to psychological resilience to disabilities among immigrants of Turkish and Moroccan descent in the Netherlands.

Research Design and Method
The sample included 478 older immigrants aged 55–65 years. Data were analyzed using latent profile analysis and multinomial logistic regressions.

Results
Five categories were identified: (a) High physical and emotional functioning; (b) High physical but poor emotional functioning; (c) Low physical but high emotional functioning (resilient); (d) Low physical and emotional functioning; and (e) Low physical and very low emotional functioning. Resilient functioning (reference category) was associated with poorer Dutch language proficiency, lower levels of loneliness, greater mastery, and more religious coping.

Discussion and Implications
Findings provide support for the disability paradox and highlight social provisions, mastery, and religiosity/spirituality as important resources for psychological resilience in older labor migrants. Poor Dutch language proficiency is discussed as a potential factor contributing to severe functional limitations in the resilient category.