bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring student awareness on critical factors which shape community engagement in the health science disciplines at a South African higher education institution
Authors: Bheekie Angeni , Huyssteen Mea van , Julie Hester 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background Community Engagement (CE) is cornerstone to South Africa’s higher education transformative agenda. Teaching disciplines across faculties have adopted varied CE implementation strategies, due to different theoretical interpretations. Undergraduate health science students are traditionally exposed to CE experiential learning programs, preparing them for professional practice. This study investigated final year students’ awareness of the critical factors which shape CE in the health science disciplines at a South African university.Method An exploratory descriptive qualitative study was conducted at an engaged university located in the Western Cape. Five discipline- specific focus group discussions were conducted with twenty seven final year students, purposively selected from five health sciences faculties, using an adaption of Furco’s self-assessment rubric. Thematic analysis was conducted on the transcribed data to identify the factors deemed critical for CE using Furco’s self-assessment tool as the coding framework. Trustworthiness of the data and findings were ensured. Ethics approval was obtained indicating that the research satisfied the ethics principles related to informed consent, respect for the participants ‘rights in terms of privacy, autonomy, beneficence and confidentiality.Results The a priori t hemes identified were the university’s philosophy and mission related to CE, student involvement, faculty involvement, community participation and partnerships and institutional support for CE. The cross-cutting themes that emerged across these critical factors of Furco’ included: siloism in the university, interprofessional education and monitoring and evaluation for impact. These health science students indicated that CE awareness was limited to discipline-based programs, indicative of a siloed approach. In addition, varied theoretical interpretations of CE emerged. Interprofessional education was lacking across the disciplines, even though it underpins professional practice. Participants reiterated that a central CE unit is required to co-ordinate and evaluate CE programs. Occupational therapy participants, however, reflected a critical consciousness that is congruent with an assets-based approach to CE.Conclusion The University of the Western Cape should facilitate stewardship in implementing Boyer’s 'scholarship of engagement' to ensure consistency in CE approach in the health science curriculum. Such an approach would deepen students understanding and application of CE.
Validation of the French translation of the Dutch Residency Educational Climate Test
Authors: Majbar Anass Mohammed , Majbar Yassin , Benkabbou Amine , Amrani Laila , Bougtab Abdeslam , Mohsine Raouf , Souadka Amine 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
BackgroundThe learning environment is one of the most influential factors in training of medical residents. The Dutch Residency Educational Climate Test (DRECT) is one of the strongest instruments for measuring the learning environment. However, it has not been translated in French. The objective of this study is the psychometric validation of the DRECT French version. MethodsAfter translation of the DRECT questionnaire into French, residents of five Moroccan hospitals were invited to complete the questionnaire between July and September 2018. Internal consistency, temporal stability and confirmatory factor analysis were used to analyze psychometric properties of the translated version. ResultsDuring the study period, 211 residents completed the questionnaire. The French version had a good internal consistency (Cronbach alpha score = 0.95) and a good temporal stability (correlation score between two measurements = 0.89). Confirmatory factor analysis showed an adequate model fit with the following indicators: SRMR = 0.058 / RMSEA = 0.07 / CFI = 0.88 / TLI = 0.87. ConclusionThis study enabled the psychometric validation of DRECT French translation. It could be used to evaluate the residency learning environment in francophone countries.
General practitioners’ views on use of patient reported outcome measures in primary care: a cross-sectional survey and qualitative study
Authors: Turner Grace M , Litchfield Ian , Finnikin Sam , Aiyegbusi Olalekan Lee , Calvert Melanie 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background

Patient reported outcome measures (PROMs) are increasingly used to assess impact of disease and treatment on quality of life and symptoms; however, their use in primary care is fragmented.

We aimed to understand the current use of PROMs in primary care, barriers and facilitators, and how their use might be optimised.

Methods

Cross-sectional survey and semi-structured interviews among general practitioners (GPs) in England. GPs’ opinions were explored using an electronic, self-completed questionnaire disseminated to 100 GPs via an online doctors’ community and semi-structured qualitative interviews with 25 GPs.

Results

Most GPs surveyed (77/100; 77%) reported using one or more PROM, primarily to aid clinical management (n=66) or as screening/diagnostic tools (n=62).

Qualitative interviews highlighted challenges in identifying and selecting PROMs; however, some GPs valued PROMs for shared decision making and to direct patient discussions. The interviews identified key barriers to PROM use including: time constraints; insufficient knowledge; lack of integration into clinical systems; and PROMs being mandated without consultation or explanation. Evidence of the benefit of PROMs is required to promote uptake and use of PROMs in primary care.

Conclusion

Implementation of PROMs in primary care requires integration with clinical systems, a bottom-up approach to PROM selection and system design involving meaningful consultation with patients and primary care clinicians and training/support for use.
A Pilot Evaluation of a Rapid Screening Test for Nosocomial Meningitis or Pneumonia at a Neurosurgical Intensive Care Unit in Sweden
Authors: Ramezani Amir , Darbani Roya , Eng Lars , Lönn Johanna , yin lan , Theodorsson Annette , Nayeri Fariba 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background

When post-neurosurgery patients develop fever, there are no convenient methods to immediately indicate the site of infection. The choice of empirical antibiotic therapy is evidently different in nosocomial meningitis compared to ventilator-associated pneumonia or urinary tract infection. Conventional bacterial cultures have a risk of being false negative due to antibiotic prophylaxis, and direct microscopic analysis of cerebrospinal fluid from such patients has limited diagnostic value. Due to the substantial mortality associated with nosocomial meningitis, broad spectrum antibiotics in high dosage are therefore commonly administered. Neutrophils as innate immunity system, trap and kill bacteria by neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). NETs is composed of extracellular DNA and is released in cerebrospinal fluid during bacterial meningitis. Using a combination of sulphated-glycosaminoglycan and aniline dyes a platform was developed that reacted to extracellular host DNA and changed color within one minute in proportion to the amount of NETs in body fluid. This present study aimed to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of the index strip test in identifying the site of infection.

Methods

Between November 2015 and November 2017, cerebrospinal fluid, bronchoalveolar fluid, and urine were collected on Mondays and Thursdays from the patients during the course of management (199 samples from 117 cases). The rapid strip test (1 minute) was used for simultaneous analysis of the fresh samples. The final diagnosis was settled at discharge.

Results

A total of 75 patients (64%) had received empirical antibiotic therapy against nosocomial meningitis, while only 19 patients (16%) had a verified diagnosis. The strip test could distinguish a verified meningitis (n=19) with 89.5% sensitivity and 92.5% specificity. The test also identified ventilator-associated pneumonia (n=32) with 93.8% sensitivity and 86.8% specificity.

Conclusions

The rapid strip test analyzed cerebrospinal and bronchoalveolar fluid from febrile patients post-neurosurgery and indicated the site of infection with clinically relevant sensitivity and specificity, indicating its potential to minimize the unnecessary use of antibiotics.
Preparation of novel Ti-based MnOx electrodes by spraying method for electrochemical oxidation of Acid Red B
Authors: Xu Xuelu , Zhao Jiao , Bai Subei , Mo Rongrong , Yang Yan , Liu Weifeng , Tang Xiaojia , Yu Hang , Zhu Yimin 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
At different calcination conditions, titanium-based manganese oxides (MnOx) electrodes were fabricated by spraying method without adhesive. The MnOx/Ti electrodes were applied in electrochemical oxidation of wastewater treatment for the first time. The surface morphologies of electrodes were tested by scanning electron microscopy. The formation of different manganese oxidation states on electrodes was confirmed by X-ray diffraction and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The electrochemical properties of the electrodes have been performed by means of cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The characterizations revealed that the MnOx/Ti-350(20) electrode, prepared at calcination temperature of 350 °C for 20 min, exhibited fewer cracks on the electrode surface, larger electrochemically effective surface area and lower charge transfer resistance than electrodes prepared at other calcination conditions. Moreover, Acid Red B was used as target pollutant to test the electrode activity via monitoring the concentration changes by UV spectrophotometer. The results showed that the MnOx/Ti-350(20) electrode presented the best performance on decolorization of Acid Red B with the lowest cell potential during the process of electrochemical oxidation, and the chemical oxygen demand (COD) conversion was 50.7%. Furthermore, the changes of Acid Red B during the electrochemical oxidation process were proposed by the UV–vis spectra.
EURODAC AS AN INSTRUMENT OF THE EU RETURN POLICY
Authors: Strąk Katarzyna 
Published: August 2019

The proposed recast Eurodac Regulation of 2016 extends its previous scope so that both illegally residing third-country nationals and those who have entered the EU irregularly at its external borders could be identified and so that this information could be used by Member States to re-document them for return purposes. In this way Eurodac will, according to the European Commission, contribute to the fight against irregular migration. The proposal is meant to improve the effectiveness of the EU return policy by facilitating the identification of persons illegally on the territory of the EU. After it is adopted, the new Eurodac Regulation may be considered as an example of a flanking instrument of the EU return policy. It should be emphasised that on the one hand the provisions foreseen in the Regulation are highly valuable when it comes to ensuring the effectiveness of the EU return policy. On the other hand, however, it is still unknown what effects it will bring when adopted.
Le Fort II osteotomy for medium-face fracture sequel correction
Authors: Verbicaro Thalyta , Sebastiani Aline Monise , Gerber Jennifer Tsi , Fernandes Bruno Viezzer , Zielak João Cesar , Scariot Rafaela , Klüppel Leandro Eduardo 
Published: August 2019

Introduction: Fractures should be treated by a multi-professional team to minimize sequels. The surgery aims to establish a good maxillary, mandibular relationship to improve mastication and phonetics and may benefit esthetics. Objective: to report the surgical procedure with Le Fort II osteotomy for correction of class III dentofacial deformity and the nasomaxillary deficiency caused by trauma. Case report: Patient victim of aggression for 10 years suffered a Le Fort II fracture. The fracture was not treated and the patient developed a severe anteroposterior defect of the nasomaxillary complex andClass III occlusion. The surgery for correcting deformities was performed with the bicoronal, lower eyelid and intraoral accesses. Le Fort II pyramidal osteotomy was performed with a piezoelectric motor to advance 7 mm the nasomaxillary complex. Conclusion: Le Fort II osteotomy is considered satisfactory for advancing the nasomaxillary complex, improving the patient´s psychosocial function and development.
Reposicionamento horizontal mandibular com próteses provisórias removíveis tipo overlay – relato de caso Mandibular horizontal repositioning with removable temporary overlay prostheses – case report
Authors: Stroparo Jeferson Luis de Oliveira , Rodrigues Fabrício Guimarães , Leão Moira Pedroso , Dziedzic Dilcele Silva Moreira , Zielak João César 
Published: August 2019

Introduction: Rehabilitation with the use of overlay-type removable prostheses is indicated in cases of more severe occlusal dysfunction. This type of treatment meets the need for more immediate results, providing aesthetic improvement while the rehabilitation work is being done, while promoting the gradual rehabilitation of occlusal function, re-adjusting the intermaxillary relationship. In addition, the patient can anticipate the final result of the treatment beforethe definitive prosthesis is made. Objective: To show a clinical case of planning and execution of removable overlays. Case report: JCF patient had occlusal dysfunction and presented as main complaint the aesthetic and functional deficiency. He used a removable partial denture (PPR) only on the upper arch. The existing prosthesis did not present stability due to the loss of some dental elements, pillars of the PPR. Two overlays (upper and lower) were indicated because the patient had good periodontal conditions in the remaining dentalelements that were in a favorable position. Necessary exodontia, adequacy of the buccal environment with sub and supragingival scaling and the fabrication of overlays were performed. Conclusion: The use of temporary overlays can provide the necessary time for the patient to adapt to the new occlusal conformation in the period in which the restorations and definitive prostheses are expected to be performed. The use of overlays presented a satisfactoryresult for the proposed treatment, since it promoted the functional rehabilitation, restored aesthetic, even temporarily, and motivated the patient to continue the treatment. According to the patient, there were significant improvements in chewing quality and self-esteem.
Identification of Novel Molecular Network Expression in Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Matboli Marwa , Shafei Ayman E. , Agwa Sara H.A. , Elzahy Sherif Sammir , Anwar Ahmed K. , Mansour Amr R. , Gaber Ahmed I. , Said Ali E.A. , Lwis Paula , Hamdy Marwa 
Published: August 2019

Background:In the current study, we aimed to analyze the hypothesis that human myocardial- specific extracellular RNAs expression could be used for acute myocardial injury(AMI) diagnosis.Methodology:We used bioinformatics’ analysis to identify RNAs linked to ubiquitin system and specific to AMI, named, (lncRNA-RP11-175K6.1), (LOC101927740), microRNA-106b-5p (miR-106b- 5p) and Anaphase, promoting complex 11 (ANapc11mRNA). We measured the serum expression of the chosen RNAs in 69 individuals with acute coronary syndromes, 31 individuals with angina pectoris without MI and non-cardiac chest pain and 31 healthy control individuals by real-time reversetranscription PCR.Results:Our study revealed a significant decrease in both lncRNA-RP11-175K6.1 and ANapc11mRNA expression of in the sera samples of AMI patients compared to that of the two control groups alongside with significant upregulation of miR-106b-5p.Conclusion:Of note, the investigated serum RNAs decrease the false discovery rate of AMI to 3.2%.
The Parsnip (Pastinaca sativa L), A Proposed Remedy as to a Fertile Agent in the Viewpoint of Iranian Traditional Medicine
Authors: Hakimi Fatemeh , Tansaz Mojgan , Mokaberinejad Roshanak 
Published: August 2019

Background and Objective:
Infertility is a major problem in medical sciences. Despite
recent advances in diagnosing and treatment of infertility, it is still one of the most important medical
problems. The aim of this study is to review the role of the parsnip (Pastinaca sativa L), a
proposed remedy as to a fertile agent in the viewpoint of Iranian traditional medicine (ITM) and
review the evidence in the conventional medicine.

Methods:
In this literature research, we investigated some important Persian medical and pharmaceutical
manuscripts in ITM. The search was conducted with the keyword of the fertile agent, and
the parsnip was one of the choices mentioned as a fertile agent which is also available. In order assess
the current findings, a search was done in the PubMed and Google Scholar databases.

Results:
In ITM, the parsnip is recognized as a stomach astringent, liver and uterine tonic and Stimulates
ovulation. It is named as semen or sexual desire increaser and fertile agent. In the viewpoint of
ITM, attention to the health of main or vital members of the body (including the heart, brain, and liver)
in addition to the health of the urogenital system, may have led to the treatment of infertility.

Conclusion:
In some studies, the effects of the parsnip on spermatogenesis, number, and sperm motility
are investigated but no studies have been done on women's infertility. This review shows that
the parsnip can be as a fertile agent in female infertility. So, further clinical research is recommended.
The Perception of Physical Health Status in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Pozza Andrea , Ferretti Fabio , Coluccia Anna 
Published: August 2019

Background:Physical Health Status is a neglected outcome in clinical practice with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) and a systematic review is lacking.Objective:The current study presents the first systematic review and meta-analysis summarizing the evidence on (a) perceived Physical Health Status, Bodily Pain and Role Limitations due to Physical Problems in patients with OCD compared with controls, (b) age, gender, severity of OCD symptoms, study publication date, study methodological quality as moderators of perceived Physical Health Status.Methods:Case-control studies were included if they (a) compared OCD patients with healthy/general population participants as controls, and (b) used validated self-report instruments. Two reviewers searched electronic databases, contacted corresponding authors, and examined reference lists/conference proceedings/theses.Results:Fourteen studies were included. A large significant negative effect size without publication bias showed that controls reported higher perceived Physical Health Status than patients with OCD. Medium and small effect sizes favouring controls emerged for Role Limitations due to Physical Problems and Bodily Pain, respectively. Higher age, females percentage, and publication date were associated with larger effect sizes; higher OCD severity and methodological quality were associated with smaller effect sizes.Conclusion:Perceived Physical Health should be evaluated and addressed by clinicians during treatment, particularly with older, female and less severe patients. Lifestyle interventions might be implemented.
Effects of Different Application Techniques on Nanohybrid Composite Restorations Clinical Success
Authors: Al-Sheikh Rasha 
Published: August 2019

Introduction:Dental composites have been used as a restorative material for a long time. However, they have their limitations.Aims:This study evaluated the effects of placement techniques on the clinical performance of class I composite resin restorations.Methods:A total of 40 patients with split-mouth design participated in this study. Each patient had two fillings according to the placement technique (either bulk or incremental packing) of the composite resin restorations. Group (A): was packed by Tetric EvoCeram bulk-fill composite resin and Group (B): was incrementally packed with Tetric EvoCeram composite resin. Restorations of the teeth were evaluated on the same day, at one week, 3 months and 6 months to determine any signs of failure according to the modified United States Public Health Service (USPHS) criteria.Results:At different follow-up periods, the results showed no significant differences for retention, marginal integrity, surface stain, gingival bleeding, and secondary caries; however, there were significant differences in color match, surface texture, and postoperative sensitivity.Conclusion:This study concluded that the nanohybrid resin composites demonstrated excellent clinical performance for 6 months follow up period.
Serum CYFRA 21-1 but not Vimentin is Associated with Poor Prognosis in Advanced Lung Cancer Patients
Authors: Kanaji Nobuhiro , Kadota Kyuichi , Tadokoro Akira , Inoue Takuya , Watanabe Naoki , Haba Reiji , Kadowaki Norimitsu , Ishii Tomoya 
Published: August 2019

Background:
Cytokeratins and Vimentin are intermediate filament proteins. Vimentin expression in tissue samples has been reported to be associated with a poor prognosis in non-small cell lung cancer patients who underwent surgery. CYFRA 21-1 (Cytokeratin 19 Fragment) is a well known tumor marker.

Objective:
This study aimed to investigate the usefulness of serum vimentin as a tumor marker and significance of CYFRA 21-1 and vimentin expression on prognosis of advanced lung cancer patients.

Methods:
One hundred and four advanced lung cancer patients and 19 non-lung cancer patients were included. A total of 157 clinical samples obtained from 113 patients was used for immunostaining of vimentin and measurements of CYFRA 21-1 and vimentin concentrations.

Results:
Compared to low concentration, high concentration of serum CYFRA 21-1 was associated with shorter overall survival in lung cancer patients. However, there was no difference in the serum vimentin concentration between the patients with lung cancer and those with non-lung cancer. No difference in vimentin concentration was observed between the malignant and non-malignant pleural effusions. Immunostaining revealed that of the 43 tumor samples, 21 were positive and 22 were negative for vimentin. No significant difference was found in overall survival between patients with positive and negative for vimentin.

Conclusion:
An elevated serum CYFRA 21-1 concentration was associated with shorter overall survival in advanced lung cancer patients. However, serum vimentin was not as useful as a tumor marker of lung cancer. The vimentin positivity in tumor samples might not predict patients’ prognosis in patients with advanced lung cancer.