bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A global growth‐form database for 143,616 vascular plant species
Authors: Taseski Guy M. , Beloe Charlotte J. , Gallagher Rachael V. , Chan Justin Y. , Dalrymple Rhiannon L. , Cornwell William K. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractFor the majority of plant species in the world, we know little about their functional ecology, and not even one of the most basic traits—the species’ growth habit. To fill the gap in availability of compiled plant growth‐form data, we have assembled what is, to our knowledge, the largest global database on growth‐form as a plant trait. We have, with extensive error checking and data synthesis, assembled a growth‐form database from 163 data sources for 143,616 vascular plant species from 445 different plant families. This is 38.6% of the currently accepted vascular plant diversity. For our database, we have chosen seven categories to cover the majority of the diversity in plant growth forms: aquatic plants, epiphytes, hemiepiphytes, climbing plants, parasitic plants, holo‐mycoheterotrophs, and freestanding plants. These categories were used because we were able to reconcile the wealth of existing definitions and types of growth‐form information available globally to them clearly and unequivocally, and because they are complementary with existing databases. Plants in the database were designated into a category if their adult growth form fit the criterion. We make available two databases: first, the complete data set, including species for which there is currently conflicting information, and second, a consensus data set, where all available information supports one categorization. Of the plant species for which we found information, 103,138 (72%) are freestanding, 21,110 (15%) are epiphytes, and 4,046 (3%) are parasites. Our growth‐form data can be used to produce useful summary statistics by clade. For example, current data suggests that half of pteridophytes are epiphytic, that all hemiepiphytes are eudicots, and that there are no parasitic monocots, gymnosperms, or pteridophytes. Growth form is a crucial piece of fundamental plant‐trait data with implications for each species’ ecology, evolution, and conservation, and thus this data set will be useful for a range of basic and applied questions across these areas of research. No copyright or proprietary restrictions are associated with the use of this data set, other than citation of the present Data Paper. A static version of this dataset is provided as Supporting Information, and a living and updating version of the dataset is available in a GitHub repository.
Plant interactions shape pollination networks via nonadditive effects
Authors: Losapio Gianalberto , Fortuna Miguel A. , Bascompte Jordi , Schmid Bernhard , Michalet Richard , Neumeyer Rainer , Castro Leopoldo , Cerretti Pierfilippo , Germann Christoph , Haenni Jean‐Paul , Klopfstein Seraina , Ortiz‐Sanchez Francisco Javier , Pont Adrian C. , Rousse Pascal , Schmid Jürg , Sommaggio Daniele , Schöb Christian 
Published: January 2019

AbstractPlants grow in communities where they interact with other plants and with other living organisms such as pollinators. On the one hand, studies of plant–plant interactions rarely consider how plants interact with other trophic levels such as pollinators. On the other, studies of plant–animal interactions rarely deal with interactions within trophic levels such as plant–plant competition and facilitation. Thus, to what degree plant interactions affect biodiversity and ecological networks across trophic levels is poorly understood. We manipulated plant communities driven by foundation species facilitation and sampled plant–pollinator networks at fine spatial scale in a field experiment in Sierra Nevada, Spain. We found that plant–plant facilitation shaped pollinator diversity and structured pollination networks. Nonadditive effects of plant interactions on pollinator diversity and interaction diversity were synergistic in one foundation species networks while they were additive in another foundation species. Nonadditive effects of plant interactions were due to rewiring of pollination interactions. In addition, plant facilitation had negative effects on the structure of pollination networks likely due to increase in plant competition for pollination. Our results empirically demonstrate how different network types are coupled, revealing pervasive consequences of interaction chains in diverse communities.
When insecurity dampens desire: Attachment anxiety in men amplifies the decline in sexual desire during the early years of romantic relationships
Authors: Mizrahi Moran , Reis Harry T. , Maniaci Michael R. , Birnbaum Gurit E. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractSexual desire is typically high during early relationship stages and decreases gradually over time. In the present research, we adopted an attachment‐theoretical perspective to investigate why sexual desire for romantic partners erodes more rapidly for some people than others. We employed two samples of developing relationships (dating couples, N = 62; and newlyweds, N = 175) and examined the effects of attachment insecurities on sexual desire in prospective longitudinal designs. Results showed that attachment anxiety moderated the trajectory of men's sexual desire, such that over time, highly anxious men declined in desiring their partner, whereas less anxious men's desire did not drop. Attachment avoidance also predicted lower levels of initial desire in both sexes. These findings suggest that avoidance generally interferes with relationship initiation for both sexes, whereas anxiety in men interferes with the maintenance of desire over time, possibly because of sensitivity to increasing interdependence.
Daily life physical activity in patients with chronic stage IV sarcoidosis: A multicenter cohort study
Authors: Froidure Sarah , Kyheng Maeva , Grosbois Jean Marie , Lhuissier Francois , Stelianides Sandrine , Wemeau Lidwine , Wallaert Benoit 
Published: January 2019

AbstractBackground and objectivesLittle is known about the consequences of chronic sarcoidosis on daily life physical activity (DLPA). The aim of this prospective study was to measure DLPA in patients with chronic sarcoidosis and to determine its relationship to clinical and functional parameters.MethodsFifty‐three patients with chronic sarcoidosis and 28 healthy control subjects were enrolled in this multicenter prospective study. Two markers of DLPA (number of steps walked per day [SPD]) and total daily energy expenditure (TEE) were assessed for five consecutive days with a physical activity monitor. Pulmonary function, aerobic capacity (maximal oxygen uptake [VO2max]), exercise capacity (6‐min walk test [6MWT]), and quality of life (self‐reported questionnaires) were also evaluated. Comparisons of DLPA parameters between the two groups were performed using an analysis of covariance adjusted for age, sex, and body mass index (BMI). Relationships between DLPA parameters and patient characteristics were assessed in multivariable linear regression models.ResultsPatients with sarcoidosis walked significantly fewer SPD than did the control subjects (6395 ± 4119 and 11 817 ± 3600, respectively; P < 0.001 after adjustment for age, BMI, and sex). TEE was not significantly different between patients with sarcoidosis and healthy controls (median [interquartile range]: 2369 [2004‐2827] and 2387 [2319‐2876] kcal/day, respectively, P = 0.054 adjusted for age, BMI, and sex). SPD showed significant positive correlations with 6MWT distance (Pearson's correlation, r = 0.32, 95% confidence intervals [95%CI] = 0.06, 0.55; P = 0.019), VO2max (r = 0.44, 95%CI = 0.17, 0.65; P = 0.002), and Visual Simplified Respiratory Questionnaire score (r = 0.44, 95%CI = 0.19, 0.64; P = 0.001), and a significant negative correlation with modified Medical Research Council questionnaire score (r = −0.38, 95%CI = −0.60, −0.10; P = 0.009). TEE was significantly correlated with BMI (r = 0.38, 95%CI = 0.13, 0.59; P = 0.004), forced expiratory volume in 1 second (r = 0.55, 95%CI = 0.33, 0.71; P < 0.001), total lung capacity (r = 0.44, 95%CI = 0.18, 0.64; P = 0.001), and forced vital capacity (r = 0.56, 95%CI = 0.34, 0.72; P < 0.001). In multivariable analysis, SPD remained associated only with VO2max.ConclusionPatients with chronic sarcoidosis appear to have reduced DLPA mainly because of compromised VO2max.
Evaluation of Irrigation Systems and some Pitch Properties of Selected Football Fields in Istanbul
Authors: Çelİk Hüsey E. , Şengönül Kamİl , İlker Esİn A. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractFootball fields composed of natural grass must maintain a playable state throughout the season. Substructure problems such as inadequacies in drainage and irrigation systems may adversely affect a player's health and game quality in rainy and/or dry seasons.The scope of the study encompasses eight football fields, which have natural turf combined with semi‐ or fully automatic sprinkler systems, with permission given for study in İstanbul. Irrigation systems, infiltration rate, surface hardness, turf coverage and root penetration parameters were investigated on these playing fields. The results were evaluated according to FIFA, UEFA, TFF and other national and international standards.Our findings showed that none of the sprinkler systems of these football fields could meet the minimum Christiansen's coefficient of uniformity ratio (84%). Only one of the sprinkler systems of the stadiums had a fair rating according to a distribution uniformity ratio. All fields, except for one, had low (<100 mm h−1) infiltration rates for first‐class grounds. Cover percentages of the lawns were at desirable levels except for one stadium, which had excessive weed problems. Generally, root depths (<15 cm) and plant densities (5–15) were poor in the fields. Surface hardness was high (107 G‐max) in one stadium, normal in another stadium (72 G‐max) and low (< 70 G‐max) in the rest. © 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
HEV ORF3 downregulatesCD14 and CD64 to impair macrophages phagocytosis through inhibiting JAK/STAT pathway
Authors: Lei Qingsong , Li Lin , Huang Wenxiang , Qin Bo , Zhang Shujun 
Published: January 2019

AbstractHepatitis E virus (HEV) could induce chronic hepatitis and liver failure with high mortality through unknown mechanisms. The previous study showed that the HEV open reading frames 3 (ORF3) could inhibit macrophages inflammatory response. Impaired macrophages phagocytosis was also found in patients infected with HEV and its nucleic acids could be detected in macrophages. To elucidate the role of HEV ORF3 on phagocytosis, the phagocytosis activation was measured by phagocytosis test, flow cytometry, and phalloidin staining. Meanwhile, the expression of key phagocytic receptors and the activation of transduction pathway were investigated by using reverse transcription real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‐qPCR) and Western blot analysis. Results of phagocytosis test showed that the HEV ORF3 could significantly impair the absorption capacity of latex beads. Furthermore, results of RT‐qPCR and Western blot analysis showed that the expression of CD14 and CD64 decreased. Afterward, the present study showed that the activation of Janus kinase‐signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT) signaling pathway was inhibited by HEV ORF3 and downregulation of CD14 and CD64 could be reversed by interferon γ, one activator of the JAK1/STAT1 signaling pathway. In conclusion, HEV ORF3 could significantly impair the phagocytosis of macrophage by downregulating expression of CD14 and CD64, which may function by inhibiting the activation of the JAK1/STAT1 signaling pathway.
Asymmetry in healthy adult knee kinematics revealed through biplane radiography of the full gait cycle
Authors: Gale Tom , Anderst William 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACTOne commonly used criterion in evaluating a patients’ response to knee surgery or rehabilitation is bilateral symmetry. However, the natural symmetry in uninjured healthy adult knee kinematics remains relatively unknown, making it challenging to determine if clinical treatment has adequately restored bilateral symmetry. The primary purpose of this study was to determine the typical side‐to‐side differences in 6 degree of freedom (DOF) knee kinematics over the entire gait cycle in healthy adults using biplane radiography. Six DOF tibiofemoral kinematics were measured during treadmill walking in 19 participants using a validated volumetric model‐based tracking process that matched subject‐specific bone models to biplane radiographs collected at 100 images/s. Average absolute side‐to‐side differences in knee kinematics at foot strike were 1.3 mm or less in translation and 3.8° or less in rotation. Peak side‐to‐side differences in knee kinematics occurred during the swing phase and were up to 2.2 mm in translation and 7.1° in rotation. Dominant versus non‐dominant leg differences were 0.8 mm and 2.8° or less at foot strike and reached maximum values of 0.8 mm and 7.2° over the full gait cycle. Statement of Clinical Significance: This study quantifies the inherent asymmetry of knee kinematics in healthy individuals over the entire gait cycle. The values of asymmetry presented here may serve as a guide for evaluating functional outcomes and restoration of so‐called “normal” kinematics after injury and clinical intervention. © 2019 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res
Clinical value of (dedicated) 3 Tesla and 7 Tesla MRI for cT1 glottic carcinoma: A feasibility study
Authors: van Egmond Sylvia L. , Vonck Bernard M.D. , Bluemink Johanna J. , Pameijer Frank A. , Dankbaar Jan Willem , Stegeman Inge , Philippens Marielle E.P. , van den Berg Cornelis A.T. , Janssen Luuk M. , Terhaard Chris H. 
Published: January 2019

ObjectiveTo assess the feasibility of the clinical use of 3 Tesla and 7 Tesla Magnetic Resonance Imaging for early (cT1) glottic carcinoma, including structural assessment of technical image quality and visibility of the tumor; and if feasible, to correlate MRI findings to routine diagnostics.MethodsProspective feasibility study. Twenty patients with primary clinical T1 glottic carcinoma underwent both routine clinical staging and CT. In addition, a 3 T and 7 T MRI protocol, developed for small laryngeal lesions, was performed in a 4‐point immobilization mask, using dedicated surface coils. Afterwards, routine endoscopic direct suspension laryngoscopy under general anaesthesia was performed.ResultsOnly 2 of 7 (29%) of 7 T MRI scans were rated as moderate to good technical image quality. After exclusion of three patients with only mild to moderate dysplasia at the time of MRI, 13 of 17 (76%) of 3 T MRIs were of adequate technical image quality. Tumor visualization was adequate in 8 of 13 (62%) of patients with invasive squamous cell carcinomas. With exclusion of the four MRIs with motion artefacts, the tumor and its boundaries could be adequately seen in 8 of 9 (89%) patients with squamous cell carcinoma versus only one in four (25%) of patients with carcinoma in situ lesions.Conclusions7 Tesla MRI was considered not feasible. 3 Tesla MRI, with adequate patient selection, namely clinical exclusion of patients with a history of claustrophobia and inclusion of only histologically proven invasive squamous cell carcinoma, can be feasible. Especially with further improvement of MR image quality.Level of Evidence2B, prospective diagnostic study
How larval traits of six flatfish species impact connectivity
Authors: Barbut Léo , Groot Crego Clara , Delerue‐Ricard Sophie , Vandamme Sara , Volckaert Filip A. M. , Lacroix Geneviève 
Published: January 2019

AbstractConnectivity and dispersal are important factors for ecosystem dynamics, conservation, and resource management. Dispersal and recruitment success are determined in early life for many marine species. For those larvae that are pelagic, transport from spawning to nursery grounds is driven by hydrodynamic processes. Other environmental factors such as temperature and biological factors such as ecophysiology, behavior, and reproductive strategy (spawning period and spawning grounds) influence the final dispersal pattern and larval survival. We utilized a Lagrangian particle tracking model coupled with a three‐dimensional hydrodynamic model (Larvae&Co) to assess the connectivity patterns between spawning and nursery grounds of six commercially exploited flatfish species in the North Sea over a 10‐yr period (1997–2006). Standardized analyses have highlighted how spawning and nursery grounds are connected under the combined pressure of environment and life‐history traits. Results showed that the six flatfishes can be divided in two groups, each with their specific connectivity patterns. Turbot, common sole, and brill live in two subpopulations in the North Sea; common dab, European flounder, and European plaice represent a single mixed population. In general, the modeled and genetic patterns match, hence showing the strong impact of larval connectivity. The large overlap in connectivity for species that spawn during the same period and the seasonal change in hydrodynamics highlight the strong impact of a summer front in larval dispersal. Our results prove that individual‐based modeling is a powerful tool to guide resource management, even in cases of limited biological information.
Comparison of an Er: YAG laser osteotome versus a conventional drill for the use in osteo‐ odonto‐keratoprosthesis (OOKP)
Authors: Berg Britt‐Isabelle , Peyer Michael , Kuske Lorenz , Augello Marcello , Schötzau Andreas , Steineck Markus , Deibel Waldemar , Mathys Daniel , Jürgens Philipp , Kunz Christoph , Goldblum David 
Published: January 2019

ObjectivesThe osteo‐odonto‐kerato‐prosthesis (OOKP) procedure is a complex, multi‐stage, multidisciplinary surgical intervention for the treatment of severe corneal blindness. One step of the OOKP consists of creating a precise hole into a tooth in which an optic cylinder is subsequently inserted; its shape must ensure a perfect watertight fit. The Er: YAG laser (L) used in this study is part of CARLO®, the first laser osteotome that enables surgical planning based on computed tomography data, robot guidance, and a precise execution of laser cuts in teeth and bone tissue, using laser photoablation rather than conventional mechanical methods. The purpose of this study was to assess whether the Er: YAG laser is non‐inferior compared to a conventional drill.MethodsThirty‐two bovine incisors were grounded to a thickness of 1.5 mm. In 16 teeth, a 3.5 mm hole was drilled progressively into each tooth, using dental burs (B) of increasing diameter that were attached to a fixed drill machine. In the other 16 teeth, a hole was created using an Er: YAG laser at a wavelength of 2.94 µm (Part of CARLO®). In seven teeth of each group, the cylinder was inserted and fixated with polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) bone cement. In the remaining seven teeth of each group, the cylinder was inserted without fixation material (press‐fit). After bonding and drying, all specimens were stored in water until force measurements were recorded using a uniaxial traction machine. The force required to move the optical cylinder out of the hole in the tooth was measured using an Instron 3344 testing system. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and light microscope (LM) visualization of the holes created with the laser and the drill were performed in two teeth (SEM)/four teeth (LM) per method.ResultsSignificant differences (P < 0.001) were found for the following parameters: B PMMA versus B press‐fit; B PMMA versus L press‐fit; L PMMA versus B press‐fit; L PMMA–L press‐fit. This shows that PMMA bone cement fixation is superior to press‐fit. No significant differences were found between B PMMA–L PMMA (P = 0.93) and B press‐fit–L press‐fit (P = 0.83). The SEM pictures showed a smoother surface using L.ConclusionsThe laser cut holes were as strong as bur‐drilled holes, although SEM pictures showed a smoother surface of the laser cut holes. Hence, laser osteotomes open the possibility to custom fit the hole exactly to the width of the cylinder, which represents a potential advantage of the laser over the conventional bur. Lasers Surg. Med. 51:531–537, 2019. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
“Autonomous, yet Connected”: An esthetic principle explaining our appreciation of product designs
Authors: Blijlevens Janneke , Hekkert Paul 
Published: January 2019

AbstractEsthetic principles describe the levels or combination of design dimensions that are esthetically appreciated. Current principles focus on dimensions connected to product design itself (e.g., unity and variety) or dimensions that refer to a product design's relationship to other product designs (e.g., typicality and novelty). However, product design also has a social significance—they help consumers shape their identity—and this social dimension has hitherto been overlooked in research on esthetic appreciation. In this paper, we propose and investigate the social esthetic principle “Autonomous, yet Connected.” In four studies, we show that a product's design leads to the highest esthetic appreciation if it strikes an optimal balance between nurturing the two seemingly opposite needs for connectedness and autonomy. Further, we show how conditions of safety and risk moderate the effects of the principle, which suggests our principle may have evolutionary grounding.
Evaluation of acoustic and dynamic behaviour of ethylene vinyl acetate panels
Authors: Nadal A. , Segura J. , Juliá E. , Gadea J.M. , Montava I. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractEthylene vinyl acetate panels, with high vinyl acetate content and a closed‐cell structure, were studied through various experimental techniques as a first approach to evaluate the vibrational and acoustic behaviour of ethylene vinyl acetate panels for building applications. Test specimens, with a variety of densities and thicknesses were tested to evaluate the influence of these two parameters on acoustic impedance, sound transmission loss, dynamic stiffness and attenuation of vibrations. The results obtained shows sound transmission loss values for frequencies up to 2500 Hz with a maximum of about 63.7 dB, the dynamic stiffness results presented a wide range, with a maximum value of 350 MN/m3 and a minimum value of 23.3 MN/m3.On the other hand the lack of pore in the surface produce a high acoustic impedance. It can be concluded that ethylene vinyl acetate presents appropriate characteristics, mainly as an acoustic and vibration isolating material, for floorings and light partitions.
Shot peening using spherical micro specimens generated in high‐throughput processes
Authors: Kämmler J. , Wielki N. , Guba N. , Ellendt N. , Meyer D. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractMechanical surface treatment processes like shot peening induce plastic deformation in the near surface areas of the peened workpiece leading to changes in surface and subsurface properties, e. g. hardness alteration and generation of compressive residual stress. While changes of the processed part are desired because of the lifetime extending influence, changes of the shot material are normally neglected as it is chosen to be highly resistant. Within this work plastic deformation of the shot material X210Cr12 and AlSi12 is examined. By investigating the plastic deformation of the particles, an indirect analysis of material properties, e. g. the yield stress or the hardness, is possible. A consideration of the particle velocities also enables conclusions about the materials properties. Those properties are conventionally obtained in a material, time, and cost intensive way. Using the same jet pressure, the investigations show lower velocities and less pronounced plastic deformation for the X210Cr12 specimens. Due to their higher mass, the X210Cr12 particles of same diameter are accelerated slower and therefore reach a lower impact velocity compared to AlSi12 particles. Furthermore, the lower plastic deformation at identical velocities can be explained with the higher yield stress of the X210Cr12 particles.