bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Geography Instruction in the Decisions of Tebliğler Journal Between the Years of 1939-1942 in Turkey
Authors: Şahin Vedat 
Published: December 2018

Tebliğler Journal has been published continuously since January 1939 and has worked as a media organ where all the regulations carried out by the Ministry of National Education are found. The topics relating to geography that are published here are significant in terms of understanding geography inclinations and instruction. This study reviewed all issues of Tebliğler Journal that were published between 1939 and 1942, examined the sections relating to geography found in these issues, and aimed, when necessary, to categorize and group the topics and thus make an understandable order. In this period, topics relating to especially textbooks and syllabi were found heavily in Tebliğler Journal. However, space was allocated to many matters such as inaccurate information found in geography textbooks and geography books and syllabi to be studied in the types of schools to be opened. In this framework, it is seen that geography classes in all types of schools generally took place in one hour, and in some cases two hours, each week. Medium atlases were used for middle schools and large atlases for high schools in addition to the geography courses at the schools.
Urotensin II in the development and progression of chronic kidney disease following ⅚ nephrectomy in the rat
Authors: Eyre Heather J. , Speight Thomas , Glazier Jocelyn D. , Smith David M. , Ashton Nick 
Published: December 2018

New Findings
What is the central question of this study?
Urotensin II is upregulated in patients in the later stages of chronic kidney disease (CKD), particularly in individuals requiring dialysis. Could treatment with a urotensin II receptor antagonist slow progression of renal disease?
What is the main finding and its importance?
In the rat, expression of urotensin II and its receptor increased, extending into cortical structures as CKD progressed towards end‐stage renal failure. Subchronic treatment with a urotensin receptor antagonist slowed but did not prevent progression of CKD. This suggests that urotensin II contributes to the decline in renal function in CKD.
AbstractElevated serum and urine urotensin II (UII) concentrations have been reported in patients with end‐stage chronic kidney disease (CKD). Similar increases in UII and its receptor, UT, have been reported in animal models of CKD, but only at much earlier stages of renal dysfunction. The aim of this study was to characterize urotensin system expression as renal disease progresses to end‐stage failure in a ⅚ subtotal nephrectomy (SNx) rat model. Male Sprague–Dawley rats underwent SNx or sham surgery and were killed at 8 weeks postsurgery [early (E)] or immediately before end‐stage renal failure [30 ± 3 weeks postsurgery; late (L)]. Systolic blood pressure, urinary albumin:creatinine ratio and glomerulosclerosis index were all increased in SNx‐E rats compared with sham‐E by 8 weeks postsurgery. These changes were associated with an increase in renal immunoreactive UII staining but little change in UT expression. As CKD progressed to end‐stage disease in the SNx‐L group, markers of renal function deteriorated further, in association with a marked increase in immunoreactive UII and UT staining. Subchronic administration of a UT antagonist, SB‐611812, at 30 mg kg−1 day−1 for 13 weeks, in a separate group of SNx rats resulted in a 2 week delay in the increase in both systolic blood pressure and urinary albumin:creatinine ratio observed in vehicle‐treated SNx but did not prevent the progression of renal dysfunction. The urotensin system is upregulated as renal function deteriorates in the rat; UT antagonism can slow but not prevent disease progression, suggesting that UII plays a role in CKD.
КОНЦЕПТУАЛЬНІ ПІДХОДИ ДО АЛГОРИТМІЗАЦІЇ ПРОЦЕСІВ МОНІТОРИНГУ ПОКАЗНИКІВ СТАНУ ОРГАНІЗМУ
Authors: Shevchenko Ya. O. 
Published: December 2018

Розглянуто підходи до формування персоналізованих знань про стан і здоров'я людини в задачах мобільної медицини. Проаналізовано спектр концептуальних і методичних підходів для оцінки різних параметрів фізичного стану організму і фізичної підготовленості людини.
Запропоновано на підставі використання методів фазових просторів станів пацієнта застосовувати параметри атракторів показників серцево-судинної системи організму. Рекомендуються також нові підходи до ідентифікації параметрів вектора стану організму людини в багатовимірному фазовому просторі для оцінки та моделювання динаміки серцево-судинної системи людини. Підходи пов'язані не тільки з абсолютною величиною різних показників, а й зі швидкістю змін досліджуваних параметрів, їх прискоренням при навантаженні, а також з показниками синергізму.
Algumas notas sobre um trabalho de escuta e experiência em Rodas de Conversa com professores no contexto da inclusão: da "Rua de Mão Única" às "Passagens"
Authors: Fasolo Liege Bertolini , Gurski Roselene 
Published: December 2018

Este artigo apresenta um recorte de uma pesquisa de mestrado que teve como ponto de partida a experiência com docentes que recebem crianças consideradas da Educação Especial em duas escolas públicas estaduais de um município localizado no interior do Rio Grande do Sul. O estudo investigou o modo como as Rodas de Conversa podem contribuir para a formação continuada de educadores que recebem alunos ditos de inclusão. O objetivo principal foi interrogar se, ao sublinhar a experiência do sujeito-educador, o dispositivo de escuta/intervenção de docentes, no contexto da inclusão, seria capaz de produzir o deslocamento da queixa ao enigma. A metodologia utilizada para a condução e a análise do material foi inspirada na escuta psicanalítica conjugada aos efeitos ético-metodológicos advindos do tema da experiência em Walter Benjamin. O trabalho contribui especialmente para pensar os efeitos que a construção do saber da experiência pode produzir na construção de uma micropolítica de inclusão.
Estimating Auctions with Externalities: The Case of USFS Timber Auctions
Authors: Kuehn Joseph 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
I introduce an empirical auction model where in addition to the private value that each bidder receives upon winning the auction, losing bidders incur a negative externality that depends on the identity of the rival winner. I show how the externalities and private value distributions can be identified and estimated in such a model. I then apply the model to U.S. Forest Service timber auctions. I find that mill bidders impose significant externalities on one another of between 10% and 22% of the heterogeneous portion of their valuation. This leads the timber tracts to be misallocated in 5.2% of the auctions in my sample.
Aspects of gestural alignment in task-oriented dialogues
Authors: Karpiński Maciej , Czoska Agnieszka , Jarmołowicz-Nowikow Ewa , Juszczyk Konrad , Klessa Katarzyna 
Published: December 2018

Aspects of gestural alignment in task-oriented dialoguesInterlocutors in a conversation influence each other in a number of dimensions. This process may lead to observable changes in their communicative behaviour. The directions and profiles of these changes are often correlated with the quality of interaction and may predict its success. In the present study, the gestural component of communication is scrutinised for changes that may reflect the process of alignment. Two types of task-oriented dialogues between teenagers are recorded and annotated for gestures and their features. We hypothesize that the dialogue task type (collaborative vs. competitive), as well as certain culture-specific properties of alignment that differ between German and Polish pairs, may significantly influence the process of communication. In order to explore the data and detect tendencies in gestural behaviour, automatised annotation mining and statistical exploration have been used, including a moving frame approach aimed at the investigation of co-occurring strokes as well as re-occurring strokes and their features. Significant differences between German and Polish speakers, as well as between the two dialogue types, have been found in the number of gestures, stroke duration and amplitude. Aspekty wzajemnego dopasowania gestykulacji w dialogach zadaniowychUczestnicy konwersacji wpływają na siebie wzajemnie w wielu różnych wymiarach. Proces ten może prowadzić do obserwowalnych zmian w ich zachowaniach komunikacyjnych. Kierunek i charakter tych zmian często wiążą się z jakością interakcji i mogą pozwolić przewidzieć jej sukces. Celem niniejszego badania jest eksploracja gestowego składnika komunikacji pod kątem zjawisk, które mogą odzwierciedlać zjawisko wzajemnego dopasowania uczestników. Zarejestrowano dwa typy dialogów zadaniowych z udziałem nastolatków. Nagrania anotowano pod kątem gestów i ich cech. W badaniu postawiono hipotezę, iż typ zadania dialogowego (ukierunkowane na współpracę vs. na konkurencję), jak również pewne specyficzne cechy kulturowe dopasowania komunikacyjnego, które różnicują polskie i niemieckie pary rozmówców, mogą oddziaływać na proces komunikacji. W celu eksploracji danych oraz wykrycia tendencji cechujących zachowania gestowe, wykorzystano zautomatyzowane metody analizy anotacji oraz techniki statystyczne. Uwzględniono podejście oparte na ruchomych oknach czasowych, umożliwiające analizę współwystępowania jak i powtarzania gestów właściwych i ich właściwości. Wykazano istotne różnice między rozmówcami polskimi i niemieckimi oraz między typami zadań dialogowych w zakresie liczby gestów, czasu trwania oraz amplitudy gestu właściwego.
Persistent semantic identity in WordNet
Authors: Kafe Eric 
Published: December 2018

Persistent semantic identity in WordNetAlthough rarely studied, the persistence of semantic identity in the WordNet lexical database is crucial for the interoperability of all the resources that use WordNet data. The present study investigates the stability of the two primary entities of the WordNet database (the word senses and the synonym sets), by following their respective identifiers (the sense keys and the synset offsets) across all the versions released between 1995 and 2012, while also considering "drifts" of identical definitions and semantic relations. Contrary to expectations, 94.4% of the WordNet 1.5 synsets still persisted in the latest 2012 version, compared to only 89.1% of the corresponding sense keys. Meanwhile, the splits and merges between synonym sets remained few and simple. These results are presented in tables that allow to estimate the lexicographic effort needed for updating WordNet-based resources to newer WordNet versions. We discuss the specific challenges faced by both the dominant synset-based mapping paradigm (a moderate amount of split synsets), and the recommended sense key-based approach (very few identity violations), and conclude that stable synset identifiers are viable, but need to be complemented by stable sense keys in order to adequately handle the split synonym sets. Trwała tożsamość semantyczna w WordNecieChociaż rzadko badana, trwałość tożsamości semantycznej w leksykalnej bazie danych WordNet ma kluczowe znaczenie dla interoperacyjności wszystkich zasobów korzystających z danych WordNetowych. W niniejszej pracy zbadano stabilność dwóch podstawowych elementów bazy danych WordNet (jednostek leksykalnych i synsetów – zbiorów synonimicznych jednostek leksykalnych), poprzez prześledzenie ich identyfikatorów (tj. identyfikatorów jednostek i identyfikatorów synsetów) we wszystkich wersjach wydanych w latach 1995-2012. Wzięto również pod uwagę przesunięcia identycznych definicji i relacji semantycznych. Wbrew oczekiwaniom, 94,4% synsetów WordNetu 1.5 zachowało się w najnowszej wersji z 2012 r., w porównaniu do 89,1% odpowiadających im identyfikatorów jednostek. Tymczasem podziały i połączenia pomiędzy synsetami pozostały proste i nieliczne. Wyniki te przedstawiono w tabelach, które pozwalają oszacować wysiłek leksykograficzny potrzebny do aktualizacji zasobów opartych o WordNet do nowszych wersji WordNetu. Omawiamy konkretne wyzwania, przed którymi stoi zarówno dominujący paradygmat rzutowania synsetów (umiarkowana liczba podzielonych synsetów), jak i zalecane podejście oparte na identyfikatorach jednostek (bardzo niewiele naruszeń tożsamości) i stwierdzamy, że można stworzyć stabilne identyfikatory synsetów, ale muszą one iść w parze ze stabilnymi identyfikatorami jednostek, aby odpowiednio zająć się podzielonymi synsetami.
Selfconscious or Unselfconscious Software Design?
Authors: Loomes Martin 
Published: December 2018

Anyone who is involved in computer science education will be used to engaging in passionate debates over questions such as ‘What programming language should we be teaching'? Moreover, if these debates take place in front of colleagues from other disciplines, for example when joint schemes are being developed, then concern is often expressed about the inability of computer scientists to come to any generally accepted conclusions. In this paper the view is proposed that the key questions of computer science education are really manifestations of a much deeper issue in computing which has been alluded to in various publications, but never discussed to a generally accepted conclusion by the computer science community at large.
Local Area Network Operations: A Security, Control and Audit Perspective
Authors: Jamieson Rodger , Low Graham 
Published: December 2018

This paper provides a framework for the review of security and control within a local area network environment. Network operations are subdivided into several functional areas or components for further review. Each component or area is briefly explained and the security risks, issues and concerns highlighted. Controls and security measures are proposed as guidelines to counter these threats. An approach to the audit of each major area of network operations is proposed. This suggested framework provides guidance to information system security officers, auditors, communications and network administrators, consultants and information systems management for the review of local area network security during network operations.
A Process Model for Software Maintenance
Authors: Moreton Robert 
Published: December 2018

This paper draws on work undertaken for the Butler Cox Productivity Enhancement Programme (PEP) to describe a process model which will provide a basis for overcoming the problems of cost and complexity associated with software maintenance. PEP is a continuous program that is open to organizations wishing to measure and improve systems development and productivity. The paper argues that for maintenance work to be effective, it is vital to control the input to the process — the procedure by which change requests are notified and managed in the first place. The procedure of change management is followed by impact analysis, system release planning, change design, implementation, testing and system release/integration. These steps, which occur sequentially, are supported by a further activity that continues concurrently - progress monitoring. The conclusion of the paper is that a coordinated program, effective across the whole maintenance process and designed to control changes to the system, will become more and more critical as the complexity of the system increases. Formal procedures are essential to ensure that software is not degraded and to provide an audit facility. At the same time there are several automated change and control packages now available that could help to reduce administrative overheads and increase control over system changes.
Computer Supported Collaborative Working: Lessons from Elsewhere
Authors: Clegg Chris , Waterson Patrick , Carey Neil 
Published: December 2018

In this paper we review two application areas in the field of IT concerning advanced manufacturing technology and office automation. We argue that new systems in both these areas have been predominantly technology-led in their development and implementation, excluding adequate attention to their human and organizational aspects. We describe two case studies as illustrations of these points and argue that the reasons for this technology-led approach lie in a complex interacting set of social systems that work effectively to marginalize the human and organizational aspects of the new technologies. The applicability of these findings to the domain of Computer Supported Collaborative Working (CSCW) is examined. There are two main sets of lessons that can be learned: those that apply generally to the field of IT, and thereby have relevance also to the special case of CSCW; and those that are particular to the conduct and content of research and development into CSCW. These lessons are outlined in the form of sets of suggestions.
Allogeneic adipose-derived stem cells suppress mTORC1 pathway in a murine model of systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Wei S , Xie S , Yang Z , Peng X , Gong L , Zhao K , Zeng K , Lai K 
Published: December 2018

Objective The aim of our study was to investigate the efficacy of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSC) transplantation in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and to determine the mechanism of ADSC transplantation. Methods B6.MRL/lpr mice were administered ADSC intravenously every week from age 28 to 31 weeks, while the lupus control group and the normal control received phosphate buffered solution (PBS) on the same schedule. Results Compared with the lupus control group, the ADSC treatment group had a significant improvement of histologic abnormalities, serologic abnormalities, and immunologic function. Anti-double-stranded DNA antibodies, spleen/weight ratio, deposits of C3/IgG in the kidney, and serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen levels were significantly decreased with the transplantation of ADSC. A significant decrease of the Th17/CD4+ T cell ratio in the spleen, the serum IL-17 concentration, as well as renal IL-17 expression was observed in the ADSC treatment group. Western blot results also showed that ADSC treatment had a lower expression of protein kinase B (Akt), p-Akt, mTOR, p-mTOR, p70S6K, p-p70S6K, and HIF-1α. Conclusion ADSC treatment can prevent the development of lupus nephritis and significantly ameliorate already-established disease. ADSC treatment reduced Akt, mTOR, p70S6K, HIF-1α, and that this inhibition can avert IL-17-induced inflammation, suggesting that ADSC may be a promising treatment for SLE.
Feline abdominal ultrasonography: what’s normal? what’s abnormal? The liver
Authors: Griffin Sally 
Published: December 2018

Practical relevance: Abdominal ultrasound plays a vital role in the diagnostic work-up of many cats presenting to general and specialist practitioners. Ultrasound examination of the liver can be key in the diagnosis of diseases such as hepatic lipidosis and hepatic neoplasia. Clinical challenges: Despite ultrasonography being a commonly used modality, many practitioners are not comfortable performing an ultrasound examination or interpreting the resulting images. Even differentiating between normal variation and pathological changes can be challenging for all but the most experienced. When assessing the liver via ultrasound, a diffuse alteration in liver echogenicity may be difficult to detect unless the change is marked and, although comparisons can be made with the spleen and kidneys, this relies on these organs being normal. Equipment: Ultrasound facilities are readily available to most practitioners, although use of ultrasonography as a diagnostic tool is highly dependent on operator experience. Aim: This review, the first in an occasional series on feline abdominal ultrasonography, discusses ultrasonographic examination of the normal and diseased liver, with focus on the liver parenchyma. It is aimed at general practitioners who wish to improve their knowledge of and confidence in feline abdominal ultrasound and is accompanied by high-resolution images. Ultrasound-guided sampling of the liver is also covered. Future articles will discuss the biliary tree and hepatic vascular anomalies. Evidence base: Information provided in this article is drawn from the published literature and the author’s own clinical experience.
Riociguat improves health‐related quality of life for patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension: results from the phase 4 MOTION study
Authors: Sood Namita , Aranda Alvaro , Platt David , LaRose Anneliese , Kleinjung Frank , O’Brien Gerald 
Published: December 2018

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is characterized by progressive dyspnea and exercise limitation and is associated with reduced health‐related quality of life. Few clinical studies have evaluated the primary effects of treatment of PAH from the patient perspective. Here, we present the impact of riociguat on patient‐reported outcomes (PROs) in treatment‐naïve patients with PAH. MOTION (NCT02191137) was an open‐label, phase 4 trial of riociguat monotherapy in treatment‐naïve patients with PAH. The primary endpoint was the change in total score from baseline to Week 24 in the Living with Pulmonary Hypertension (LPH) questionnaire. The Short Form‐12 Health Survey and Work Limitations Questionnaire 8 were also utilized to assess PROs. Other secondary endpoints included change from baseline in World Health Organization functional class (WHO FC), 6‐min walk distance (6MWD), Modified Borg Dyspnea Scale, and safety. At week 24 (n = 66), the mean (standard deviation [SD]) total LPH score was 37.17 (24.61), for a mean (SD) change from baseline of −10.99 (22.51). At last visit, with week 24 imputed, the mean (SD) total score was 40.63 (28.38), for a mean (SD) change from baseline of −5.40 (27.8) (n = 75; P = 0.0484). Improvement in LPH questionnaire total score was observed by week 4 and was maintained through week 24. Improvements were observed in WHO FC, Modified Borg Dyspnea Scale, and accelerometer‐measured 6MWD at week 24. Treatment with riociguat had a positive impact on PROs in treatment‐naïve patients with PAH and was well tolerated, with a similar safety profile to that observed in placebo‐controlled phase 3 trials.