bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors associated with influenza vaccination among healthcare workers in acute care hospitals in Canada
Authors: Hussain Hadia , McGeer Allison , McNeil Shelly , Katz Kevin , Loeb Mark , Simor Andrew , Powis Jeff , Langley Joanne , Muller Matthew ,   The Canadian Health Care Worker Study Group, Coleman Brenda L. 
Published: February 2018

BackgroundInfluenza vaccine coverage rates among healthcare workers (HCWs) in acute care facilities in Canada remain below national targets.ObjectiveTo determine factors associated with influenza vaccine uptake among HCWs.MethodsThis secondary analysis of a prospective cohort study included HCWs aged 18‐69 years, working ≥20 h/wk in a Canadian acute care hospital. Questionnaires were administered to participants in the fall of the season of participation (2011/12‐2013/14) which captured demographic/household characteristics, medical histories, occupational, behavioural and risk factors for influenza. Generalized estimating equation logistic regression was used to determine factors associated with vaccine uptake in the season of participation.ResultsThe adjusted odds ratio for influenza vaccination in the current season was highest for those vaccinated in 3 of 3 previous seasons (OR 156; 95% CI 98, 248) followed by those vaccinated in 2 of 3 and 1 of 3 previous seasons when compared with those not vaccinated. Compared with nurses, physicians (OR 4.2; 95% CI 1.4, 13.2) and support services staff (OR 1.8; 95% CI 1.3, 2.4) had higher odds ratios for vaccine uptake. Conversely, HCWs identifying as Black had lower odds of uptake compared with those with European ancestry (OR 0.44, 95% CI 0.26‐0.75) when adjusted for other factors in the model.ConclusionHealthcare workers differ in their annual uptake of influenza vaccine based on their past vaccination history, occupation and ethnicity. These findings indicate a need to determine whether there are other vaccine‐hesitant groups within healthcare settings and learn which approaches are successful in increasing their uptake of influenza vaccines.
Human infection with avian influenza A(H7N2) virus—Virginia, 2002
Authors: Terebuh Pauline , Adija Akini , Edwards Lindsay , Rowe Thomas , Jenkins Suzanne , Kleene Jennifer , Fukuda Keiji , Katz Jacqueline M. , Bridges Carolyn B. 
Published: February 2018

BackgroundIn March 2002, an outbreak of low‐pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) A(H7N2) was detected among commercial poultry operations in Virginia.MethodsWe performed a serosurvey of 80 government workers involved in efforts to control the outbreak.ResultsOne study participant who assisted with disposal of infected birds tested positive for neutralizing antibodies to influenza A(H7N2) by microneutralization assay and H7‐specific IgM antibodies by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The acute infection was temporally associated with an influenza‐like illness that resolved without hospitalization.ConclusionThis study documents the earliest evidence of human infection with an H7 influenza virus of the North American lineage.
Historical divergences associated with intermittent land bridges overshadow isolation by larval dispersal in co‐distributed species of Tridacna giant clams
Authors: Keyse Jude , Treml Eric A. , Huelsken Thomas , Barber Paul H. , DeBoer Timery , Kochzius Marc , Nuryanto Agus , Gardner Jonathan P. A. , Liu Li‐Lian , Penny Shane , Riginos Cynthia 
Published: February 2018

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to test historical and contemporary influences on population structure in the giant clams, Tridacna maxima (Röding, 1798) and T. crocea (Lamarck, 1819). To refine the location of clade boundaries within a newly resurrected species, Tridacna noae (Röding, 1798).LocationIndo‐Australian archipelago, including Indonesia, the Philippines, Australia, Papua New Guinea, the Solomon Islands, Republic of Kiribati, the Line Islands and Taiwan.MethodsWe used isolation‐migration (IMa) coalescent models and distance‐based redundancy analyses (dbRDA) to test the relative influence of barriers and continuous distances on historical divergence, gene flow and population structure of T. maxima and T. crocea. Continuous metrics of distance included present‐day and Last Glacial Maximum overwater distances along with probability of larval dispersal (LD) among sampling sites. We combined new mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I (mtDNA COI) sequences with existing data to compile the largest data set of these species yet analysed.ResultsThe Pleistocene land barriers of the Sunda Shelf and Torres Strait were associated with old (>0.5 Myr) divergence times. The western and eastern boundaries of the Halmahera Eddy were also locations of significant, but more recent, divergence. No gene flow was detected across any of the four barriers tested. Larval dispersal distances between sampling sites were significant predictors of T. crocea population structure, accounting for differentiation above and beyond the contribution of barriers. We further delineated the species range of T. noae and showed that its two known clades are sympatric in central Indonesia.Main conclusionsThe strong signature of historical barriers on genetic differentiation argues against the assumption that Indo‐Pacific Tridacna are open meta‐populations. Despite similar life histories, T. maxima and T. crocea differ in their mtDNA population structure. The widespread species (T. maxima) exhibits population structure linked solely with historical factors, whereas T. crocea's population structure reflects both historical factors and LD distances.
Relationship between social engagement and diabetes incidence in a middle‐aged population: Results from a longitudinal nationwide survey in Japan
Authors: Shibayama Taiga , Noguchi Haruko , Takahashi Hideto , Tamiya Nanako 
Published: February 2018

AbstractAims/IntroductionSocial engagement can positively affect health status, but its effect on diabetes incidence remains unclear. The present study aimed to assess the relationship between social engagement and diabetes incidence in a middle‐aged Japanese population.Materials and MethodsWe analyzed data on 31,615 people aged 50–59 years from a prospective national survey carried out in Japan from 2005 to 2013. Diabetes incidence was measured by asking respondents annually whether they had been diagnosed with diabetes by a physician in the previous year. We used the complementary log–log model for interval‐censored survival time analysis. Social engagement was assessed at baseline as participation in social activities, having the companionship of friends, living with someone and employment status. Covariates including sex, age, health status and health behaviors were also measured at baseline.ResultsAfter adjusting for covariates measured at baseline, the effect size of social engagement on diabetes incidence was the same as or larger than that of the covariates. Respondents who participated in social activities (hazard ratio [HR] 0.89, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.87–0.92), had the companionship of friends (HR 0.97, 95% CI: 0.95–1.00), lived with someone (HR 0.85, 95% CI: 0.82–0.89) and were employed (HR 0.94, 95% CI: 0.92–0.96) were significantly less vulnerable to diabetes than were those who did not.ConclusionsThe present study found a prospective association between social engagement and diabetes incidence among a middle‐aged population. Future strategies to prevent diabetes in Japan should focus on both social and personal factors.
Psoriatic arthritis screening by the dermatologist: development and first validation of the ‘PURE‐4 scale’
Authors: Audureau E. , Roux F. , Lons Danic D. , Bagot M. , Cantagrel A. , Dernis E. , Gouyette N. , Hilliquin P. , Jullien D. , Lioté F. , Passeron T. , A Richard M. , Claudepierre P. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractBackgroundDermatologists are recommended to ask psoriasis patients about musculoskeletal complaints to allow early detection and treatment of psoriatic arthritis (PsA). Screening tools have been developed to help identify patients warranting further rheumatologic assessment, but evidence suggests room for improvement in their diagnostic value and ease of use for outpatient practice.ObjectiveTo develop and internally validate a brief tool for dermatologists to screen patients to refer to a rheumatologist for PsA diagnosis.MethodsAfter the literature review, 23 items were selected, covering pain at various locations and inflammatory signs of PsA. The validation study was conducted in medically diagnosed psoriasis patients consecutively recruited between 2012 and 2014 (Saint Joseph Hospital, Paris, France). Patients were enrolled by a dermatologist who helped to complete the questionnaire. Diagnosis of PsA was established by a rheumatologist based on CASPAR criteria. Multivariate logistic regression models were performed to build the scale, assessing discrimination through sensitivity, specificity and area under the ROC curve (AUC). Final model was internally validated using bootstrapping techniques.ResultsOne hundred and sixty‐eight patients were recruited, of whom nine were excluded for known PsA and 21 did not attend the rheumatologist consultation. Of 137 included patients (median age 43 years, 59.6% men), 21 (15.3%) had a PsA diagnosis. Final regression model retained four independent items, including evocative signs of dactylitis, inflammatory heel pain, bilateral buttock pain and peripheral joint pain with swelling in patients aged <50. A total score (the PURE‐4) was computed (0–4 points) that demonstrated excellent discriminative power (AUC = 87.6%; Sensitivity = 85.7% and Specificity = 83.6% at the threshold of ≥1/4 points), with no evidence for over‐optimism in bootstrapped internal validation.ConclusionThese findings demonstrate the good diagnostic properties of a new screening scale using only four easy‐to‐collect items. If confirmed in other populations, it may prove useful in outpatient dermatology clinics for triage of psoriasis patients requiring further assessment by the rheumatologist.
The relationship between clinical characteristics including presence of exposed lesions and health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) in patients with psoriasis: analysis from the nationwide epidemiologic study for psoriasis in Korea (EPI‐PSODE study)
Authors: Youn S.W. , Lee J.‐H. , Yu D.Y. , Kim Y. , Kim B.S. , Seo S.J. , Choe Y.B. , Yun S.‐K. , Park J. , Kim N.I. , Choi C.W. , Youn J.I. , Lee S.‐J. , Lee M.‐G. , Kim K.J. , Park C.J. , Ro Y.S. , Song H.J. , Shin B.S. , Ahn S.K. , Lee J.Y. , Won Y.H. , Jang M.S. , Kim K.H. , Kim M.H. , Kim T.Y. , Choi J.‐H. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractBackgroundPsychological aspect and quality of life should be considered in treating patients with psoriasis.ObjectiveWe sought to ascertain which clinical characteristics including presence of exposed lesions are associated with impairment of health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) in patients with psoriasis.MethodsThe EPI‐PSODE study was a nationwide, multicenter, cross‐sectional study conducted in Korea that included 1260 adult patients with psoriasis. In addition to clinical characteristics including presence of exposed lesions, data were collected using the Psoriatic Arthritis (PsA) Screening and Evaluation (PASE), Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI), MOS 36‐Item Short‐Form Health Survey (SF‐36), Work Productivity and Activity Impairment Questionnaire Psoriasis (WPAI: PSO) and Medication Satisfaction Questionnaire (MSQ).ResultsPatients with a DLQI score > 5 (n = 990) were younger, had an earlier onset of psoriasis, scored higher on the Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI), had higher body surface area (BSA) and had higher PASE scores than patients with DLQI ≤ 5 (n = 266). The group of patients with exposed lesions (n = 871) were younger and male predominance, earlier onset of psoriasis, longer disease duration, higher PASI/BSA score and a higher proportion with drinking and smoking history each than the group of patients without exposed lesions (n = 389). Presence of exposed lesions negatively influenced DLQI, 36‐Item Short‐Form Health Survey (SF‐36) (mental component), presenteeism, total work productivity impairment and total activity impairment in the WPAI: PSO. In multiple regression model, PASI score was the only variable which was significantly associated with all HRQoL measures. Presence of exposed lesions was a significant factor affecting DLQI and SF‐36 (mental).ConclusionThe presence of exposed lesions has a negative impact on quality of life, mental health and work productivity. Therefore, effective treatments are particularly needed for psoriasis patients with exposed lesions.
Cutaneous infiltration of plasmacytoid dendritic cells and T regulatory cells in skin lesions of polymorphic light eruption
Authors: Rossi M.T. , Arisi M. , Lonardi S. , Lorenzi L. , Ungari M. , Serana F. , Fusano M. , Moggio E. , Calzavara‐Pinton P.G. , Venturini M. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractBackgroundPolymorphic light eruption (PLE) is the most common autoimmune photodermatosis. Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (PDCs) are important mediators of innate antimicrobial immunity involved in the pathogenesis of many inflammatory skin diseases. In addition to PDCs, regulatory T cells (Tregs) are involved in controlling inflammation and adaptive immunity in skin by their immunosuppressive capacity.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to investigate the presence of PDCs and Tregs in photoexposed skin from PLE compared to healthy skin.MethodsPatients with PLE diagnosis and healthy controls were recruited and underwent a photoprovocative test. A 4‐mm punch biopsy was taken from the site of positive photoprovocation test reaction, and immunohistochemistry for BDCA2 as marker for PDCs, CD4 and FOXP3 as markers for Tregs was performed. Double immunostain for FOXP3 and CD4 was performed as well. Absolute counts for CD4, BDCA2 and FOXP3 were performed in at least 5 High Power Fields (HPF). Percentage of CD4‐, BDCA2‐ and CD4FOXP3‐positive cells over the total inflammatory infiltrate was assessed for each case.ResultsWe enrolled 23 patients and controls. BDCA2+ cells were present in 91.3% of PLE skin samples and 100% of healthy volunteer. Both in PLE patients and healthy controls, PDCs distribution was mainly dermic (P < 0.05). Compared to healthy controls, both epidermic and dermic BDCA2+ cells count were significantly higher in PLE patients (P < 0.05). Both in PLE patients and healthy controls, Tregs distribution was mainly dermic (P < 0.05). The presence of both CD4+ cells and FOXP3+ cells was significantly higher in the dermis of PLE patients compared to controls (P < 0.05). Relative percentages of cellular infiltrations confirmed these results.ConclusionsD‐PDCS and Tregs may play a significant role in the development of PLE, and dermal distribution of PDCs in PLE skin biopsies seems to confirm a possible overlap with cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE).
Serum bilirubin level predicts postoperative overall survival in oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Zhang Hongchuang , Li Gang , Zhu Zaiou , Zheng Yang , Wu Yunong , Zhang Wei , Gu Ning , Wang Xiang , Song Xiaomeng 
Published: February 2018

BackgroundAberrant level of serum bilirubin, marker of hepatobiliary and hematological disorders, was associated with patient prognosis in several human malignancies. In this study, we aim to evaluate the predictive value of serum bilirubin for clinicopathologic characteristics and survival of patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).MethodsThis study retrospectively reviewed 129 patients with OSCC and 129 normal controls matched for age and sex. The association between levels of preoperative direct bilirubin (DBIL), indirect bilirubin (IBIL), total bilirubin (TBIL), and clinical variables was analyzed. A proportional hazards regression model was used to find out the independent predictors of survival.ResultsSignificantly lower TBIL (P = .009) and IBIL (P < .001) were found in OSCC patients compared with normal controls. DBIL (P = .011) and lymph‐node metastasis (P = .031) were found to be independent prognostic factors. Patients with higher DBIL (≥4.0 μmol/L) had longer overall survival than those with lower DBIL (P = .002). Patients with both lymph‐node metastasis and lower DBIL showed the shortest overall survival (P = .001).ConclusionsLower DBIL was associated with a poorer prognosis and may be regarded as an independent prognostic marker for patients with OSCC.
From an open‐access fishery to a regulated aquaculture business: the case of the most important Latin American bay scallop (Argopecten purpuratus)
Authors: Kluger Lotta C. , Taylor Marc H. , Wolff Matthias , Stotz Wolfgang , Mendo Jaime 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThe South Pacific bay scallop Argopecten purpuratus represents a high‐value species harvested along the Peruvian and Chilean coastline for more than 60 years. Following the strong El Niño event of 1983/84, both countries experienced a boom in scallop fisheries, but catches dropped as soon as environmental conditions normalized. Aquaculture production began in Chile, which dominated the Latin American scallop market in the 1990s. Peruvian production remained small until the early 2000s, but has increased dramatically ever since, with a single location in northern Peru, Sechura Bay, contributing most (50%) to the Latin American scallop production. We review the historical trends of this species’ production and analyse the ecological and socio‐economic factors that have favoured Sechura Bay's progress, and largely displaced Chilean production through dominance of the market. Advantageous environmental conditions in Sechura Bay (e.g. low water depths, higher temperatures, high natural seed supply) result in improved scallop growth and production, and the socio‐economic factors, causing lower operational costs than those of the Chilean production favoured this development. The bottom‐up initiation of aquaculture operations by small‐scale producers likely created a personal incentive for the long‐term sustainable use, which differs from the more industrialized aquaculture activities in Chile.
BLIMP‐1 is insufficient to induce antibody secretion in the absence of IRF4 in DT40 cells
Authors: Budzyńska P. M. , Kyläniemi M. K. , Lassila O. , Nera K.‐P. , Alinikula J. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractDifferentiation of B cells into antibody‐secreting cells (ASCs), plasmablasts and plasma cells is regulated by a network of transcription factors. Within this network, factors including PAX5 and BCL6 prevent ASC differentiation and maintain the B cell phenotype. In contrast, BLIMP‐1 and high IRF4 expression promote plasma cell differentiation. BLIMP‐1 is thought to induce immunoglobulin secretion, whereas IRF4 is needed for the survival of ASCs. The role of IRF4 in the regulation of antibody secretion has remained controversial. To study the role of IRF4 in the regulation of antibody secretion, we have created a double knockout (DKO) DT40 B cell line deficient in both IRF4 and BCL6. Although BCL6‐deficient DT40 B cell line had upregulated BLIMP‐1 expression and secreted antibodies, the DKO cell line did not. Even enforced BLIMP‐1 expression in DKO cells or IRF4‐deficient cells could not induce IgM secretion while in WT DT40 cells, it could. However, enforced IRF4 expression in DKO cells induced strong IgM secretion. Our findings support a model where IRF4 expression in addition to BLIMP‐1 expression is required to induce robust antibody secretion.
Identifying the target genes of SUPPRESSOR OF GAMMA RESPONSE 1, a master transcription factor controlling DNA damage response in Arabidopsis
Authors: Ogita Nobuo , Okushima Yoko , Tokizawa Mutsutomo , Yamamoto Yoshiharu Y. , Tanaka Maho , Seki Motoaki , Makita Yuko , Matsui Minami , Okamoto‐Yoshiyama Kaoru , Sakamoto Tomoaki , Kurata Tetsuya , Hiruma Kei , Saijo Yusuke , Takahashi Naoki , Umeda Masaaki 
Published: February 2018

SummaryIn mammalian cells, the transcription factor p53 plays a crucial role in transmitting DNA damage signals to maintain genome integrity. However, in plants, orthologous genes for p53 and checkpoint proteins are absent. Instead, the plant‐specific transcription factor SUPPRESSOR OF GAMMA RESPONSE 1 (SOG1) controls most of the genes induced by gamma irradiation and promotes DNA repair, cell cycle arrest, and stem cell death. To date, the genes directly controlled by SOG1 remain largely unknown, limiting the understanding of DNA damage signaling in plants. Here, we conducted a microarray analysis and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP)‐sequencing, and identified 146 Arabidopsis genes as direct targets of SOG1. By using ChIP‐sequencing data, we extracted the palindromic motif [CTT(N)7AAG] as a consensus SOG1‐binding sequence, which mediates target gene induction in response to DNA damage. Furthermore, DNA damage‐triggered phosphorylation of SOG1 is required for efficient binding to the SOG1‐binding sequence. Comparison between SOG1 and p53 target genes showed that both transcription factors control genes responsible for cell cycle regulation, such as CDK inhibitors, and DNA repair, whereas SOG1 preferentially targets genes involved in homologous recombination. We also found that defense‐related genes were enriched in the SOG1 target genes. Consistent with this finding, SOG1 is required for resistance against the hemi‐biotrophic fungus Colletotrichum higginsianum, suggesting that SOG1 has a unique function in controlling the immune response.
The effect of 3 resuscitative fluid therapies on hemostasis as measured by rotational thromboelastometry in dogs
Authors: Seshia Sunita , Casey Gaunt M. , Kidney Beverly A. , Jackson Marion L. 
Published: February 2018

BackgroundEvidence suggests that administration of intravenous fluids impairs hemostasis. Thromboelastometry (TEM) may provide a more sensitive measure of the fluid effects on hemostasis than traditional coagulation tests.ObjectiveThe study aim was to determine if resuscitative fluid therapy affects hemostasis, as measured by TEM.Materials and MethodsUsing a randomized crossover design, 6 healthy dogs were administered intravenous colloid, crystalloid, and hypertonic saline at therapeutic doses. Whole blood samples were taken at baseline, 1, 4, and 8 h posttreatment for TEM analysis and measurement of PT, APTT, and fibrinogen. Univariate ANOVA on transformed data evaluated differences between groups and within groups. When significant differences were noted (P = .003), a Tukey test was performed.ResultsA statistically significant interaction between individual dogs and treatment was noted for most TEM variables. There was a significant decrease in clot firmness from baseline in the TEM assessment of the intrinsic pathway. Colloid treatment correlated with significantly higher clot firmness in the TEM extrinsic pathway assessment, which decreased over time, and PT was significantly shorter in colloid‐treated dogs. Overall, PT was significantly prolonged at one hour; however, all PT values were within the RI. The fibrinogen concentration was significantly different between all treatments.ConclusionsClinically relevant doses of resuscitative fluids resulted in a decreased clot firmness in the intrinsic pathway, as measured by TEM, which affected hemostatic variables in healthy dogs. There was also a significant individual response to treatment. The changes noted in this study are not expected to result in clinically apparent bleeding.