bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Role of Calibration Committees in Subjective Performance Evaluation Systems
Authors: Demeré B. William , Sedatole Karen L. , Woods Alexander 
Published: July 2018

We provide the first empirical evidence of the role that calibration committees play in subjective performance evaluation systems. Using proprietary data from a large multinational organization, we begin by showing that calibration committees adjust ratings sparingly (i.e., 25% adjustment rate), but when they do, downward adjustments are significantly more frequent and of greater magnitude than upward adjustments. Calibration committees tend to downward (upward) adjust ratings of supervisors who give higher (lower) than average initial ratings. Taken together, calibration committees improve the consistency of ratings across supervisors and mitigate leniency bias, but exacerbate centrality bias. We also show that calibration committees facilitate the appropriate allocation of decision rights by deferring rating decisions to supervisors who possess a relatively greater information advantage. That is, calibration committees are less likely to adjust the rating of a subordinate who is further removed from committee members in the organizational hierarchy. Finally, we show that calibration committees promote supervisor learning about organizational performance rating expectations through calibration adjustments. This study contributes to the literature on performance evaluation by providing new insights regarding the organizational dynamics of subjective performance evaluation systems when decision rights span hierarchical levels of the organization. This paper was accepted by Suraj Srinivasan, accounting.
Hypoglycaemic and hypolipidaemic activities of water extract of Lagerstroemia speciosa (L.) Pers. leaves in diabetic rat
Authors: HERNAWAN UDHI EKO , SUTARNO SUTARNO , SETYAWAN AHMAD DWI 
Published: July 2018

The aim of this study was to know the hypoglycaemic and hypolipidaemic activities of water extract of bungur (Lagerstroemia speciosa [L.] Pers.) leaves in alloxan-induced diabetic rat. Phytochemical studies was conducted to determinate the tannin-contents of the water extract (WE). Male Wistar rats (150- 180 9 BW) were used in this study. The rats were divided into six groups: nonnal control; diabetic control; glibenclamide; WE 0.1 g/200 9 BW; WE 0.2 g/200 9 BW; and WE 0.5 g/200 9 BW. Dried leaves of bungur extracted with boiling water (50 g/L) for 30 minutes. The extract administered orally. Fasting blood glucose, triglyceride, and total cholesterol were determined at 0, 2, 4, 6 hours after treatment. Total phenol, ellagitannin, gallotannin, and condensed-tannin were determined from the WE. The results showed that WE exhibited hypoglycaemic activity at doses 0.2 g/200 9 BW and 0.5 g/200 9 BW. The last dose showed similar hypoglycaemic activity compared with glibenclamide. All doses showed the hypolipidaemic activity higher than glibenclamide. Phytochemical studies showed that the WE containing total phenol 0.025%; ellagitannin 0.011%; gallotannin 0.0199%; and condensed-tannin 0.0167%.
Synthesis of chitosan from chitin of escargot (Achatina fulica)
Authors: KUSUMANINGSIH TRIANA , MASYKUR ABU , ARIEF USMAN 
Published: July 2018

Chitosan has been made from chitin that was deacetylated from escargot (Achatina fulica). The purification of chitin was done by deproteination, demineralization, and depigmentation. Identification of chitin and chitosan was done by FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared) and XRD (X-Ray Diffraction). Characterization of chitosan was determined by water and mineral content, molecular weight, polymerization degree and degree of deacetylation. The result of research was obtained chitosan 6,95%, crystal, white brownish color, odorless, 3,26Â±0,45% water content, 10,11Â±0,38% mineral content, 889,78 molecular weight average with degree of polymerization 5 and degree of deacetylation 74,78-77,99%.
REVIEW: The new paradigm of curcumin and its anticancer activity
Authors: NURROCHMAD ARIEF 
Published: July 2018

Curcumin, derived from the rhizome of Curcuma longa L. is used as a coloring and flavoring additive in many foods and has attracted interest because of its antioxidant activity, antiinflammatory and chemopreventive activities. Various curcumin-related phenols have also been found in edible or medicinal plants, especially in Zingiberaceae. Curcumin has a unique conjugated structure including two methoxylated phenols and an enol form of Î²-diketone, and the structure shows a typical radical trapping ability as a chain-breaking antioxidant. Curcumin has demonstrated anticarcinogenic effects in numerous animal models including skin and gastrointestinal carcinomas. Curcumin also inhibited benzo[a]pyren- or DMBA (7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene)-induced skin cancer in a mice carcinogenesis model. Curcumin inhibits chemically induced carcinogenesis in the skin, forestomach, and colon when it is administered during initiation and/or postinitiation stages. Curcumin directly inhibited the activity of COX-2. The anti-inflammatory properties of curcumin have been attributed, at least in part, to suppression of PG synthesis. Curcumin also inhibited COX-2 transcription in bile acid and phorbol ester-treated gastrointestinal cell lines. Additionally, administration of curcumin into the rats during the initiation and postinitiation stages and throughout the promotion/progression stage increased apoptosis in the colon tumors. This article provide a mechanistic basis for the antioxidant, chemopreventive and antiinflammatory related-anticancer properties of curcumin.
Growth, nitrogen, chlorophyll, and carotenoid content of Gynura procumbens (Lour) Merr. leaves at different shade
Authors: PRADNYAWAN SRI WAHYUDYANA HURIP , MUDYANTINI WIDYA , MARSUSI MARSUSI 
Published: July 2018

The objectives of this research were to find out the influence and optimal different shading on growth, nitrogen, carotenoid, and chlorophyll content of Gynura procumbens leaf. Research was carried out in the greenhouse of Faculty of Agriculture Sebelas Maret University and Central Laboratory Sebelas Maret University Surakarta, in June until October 2003. Completely randomized design with single factor was used as follow: 0%, 40%, and 70% shading with 10 replications each treatment. Observation including growth parameters (plant height, surface leafâ€™s area, dry weight) and the contents of nitrogen, chlorophyll, and carotenoid. Data collected were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by DMRT test at 5% confidence level and regression test. The result indicated that 40% shading had proven to increase growth parameters, 70% shading giving significant effect on nitrogen and chlorophyll content, while 0% shading showed to increase carotenoid content.
Reduction of exoprotease production in Aeromonas hydrophila by tomato fruits extract (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.)
Authors: AINI NUR , SUTARNO SUTARNO , SUSILOWATI ARI 
Published: July 2018

Aeromonas hydrophila is pathogenic bacteria in fish. One of its virulence factors is exoprotease. The production of exoprotease is controlled by a quorum sensing system. Quorum sensing is an intercellular communication of bacteria that using a signal molecule of C4-HSL. The exoprotease production of A. hydrophila can be blocked by using quorum sensing inhibitors. The inhibition of quorum sensing of A. hydrophila can be conducted by C4-HSL analogs molecules. In this research, the molecules that predicted as quorum sensing inhibitors and act as C4-HSL analog molecules were furanone from tomato fruits. The inhibition of quorum sensing of A. hydrophila could be shown by a reduction of exoprotease production. The aim of this research was to determine the reduction of exoprotease production of A. hydrophila by extracts of n-hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol of tomato fruits with the concentrations of 0%, 2%, 4%, 6% and 8%, respectively. The qualitative exoprotease assay result showed that n-hexane extract of tomato had no effect on growth and exoprotease production of A. hydrophila. As much as 4% of ethyl acetate extract of tomato fruits could inhibit exoprotease production, but affect A. hydrophilla growth. Meanwhile, 4% methanol extract of tomato fruits could inhibit exoprotease production, without affect A. hydrophilla growth. The quantitative exoprotease assay result showed that 4% of methanol extract could inhibit exoprotease production by 71.68% without affect the growth of A. hydrophila.
The influence of salam leaf (Eugenia polyantha) adding on the microbiological quality, organoleptic quality and salted duck egg shell-life during storage in room temperature
Authors: FITRI ANA , SETYANINGSIH RATNA , SUSILOWATI ARI 
Published: July 2018

Fitri A, Setyaningsih R, Susilowati A. 2007. The influence of salam leaf (Eugenia polyantha) adding on the microbiological quality, organoleptic quality and salted duck egg shell-life during storage in room temperature. Biofarmasi 5: 47-54. The aim of this research was to determine the influence of salam leaf (Eigenia polyantha Wight) concentration variation on the microbiological quality, organoleptic quality and the salted duck egg shell-life during storage in room temperature. In this research, the salam leaf concentration that added consisted of four levels. The ratio of salam leaf-water were 1:4, 2:4, 3:4, and control. The analysis of experimental parameters was carried out once in 2 weeks for 4 weeks. The experimental parameters were the presence of Salmonella sp., Staphylococcus aureus number, organoleptic value, and total volatile bases (TVB). The presence of Salmonella sp. and the number of Staphylococcus aureus data were analyzed descriptively, while the organoleptic data were analyzed by using nonparametric test and followed with correlation and regression analysis. Data were analyzed by using a General Linear Model on TVB and followed with Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) on the significance level of 5%, correlation and regression analysis. The result of this research showed that there was no Salmonella sp. contained in the salted egg for 4 weeks storage. The highest number of Staphylococcus aureus was found on the salted egg which stored for 4 weeks and ratio 1:4 of salam leaf-water. However, the result of organoleptic test showed that salam leaf addition did not influence on the accepting of salted duck egg significantly and had a negative correlation. Salam leaf concentration influenced on TVB of the salted duck egg in different storage duration at a room temperature and had a positive correlation.
Antioxidant activity, phenolic and flavonoid contents of snake gourd (Trichosanthes anguina) extract
Authors: MARSETYA YUANA RIKHA , MUDJIJONO MUDJIJONO , HASTUTI SRI 
Published: July 2018

Marsetya YR, Mudjijono, Hastuti S. 2009. Antioxidant activity, phenolic and flavonoid contents of snake gourd (Trichosanthes anguina) extract. Biofarmasi 7: 77-86. This research was carried out to evaluate the antioxidant activity and the relationship between antioxidant activity with phenolic and flavonoid contents in snake gourd extract. The extract was prepared by a maceration using methanol, and then continued by an extraction using solvent with increasing polarity. Extract obtained was analyzed to determine the antioxidant activity, and they were compared to the synthetic antioxidant, BHT (Butylated Hidroxytoluene) and PG (Propyl Gallate). The antioxidant activity was determined using the modification of Î²-carotene-linoleic acid emulsion system. Phenolic content was measured by Folin-Ciocalteu method and the flavonoid content was determined using AlCl3 reagent. The result of this research showed that the antioxidant activity of methanol extract (29.566%) was higher than BHT (16.268%), and it was not significantly different from PG (29.452%). Chloroform extract had the highest antioxidant activity (36.384%), followed by water, hexane, butanol, and ethyl acetate extract, respectively. Phenolic contents of each extract (methanol, chloroform, ethyl acetate, butanol, and water) were 1.904, 3.547, 2.553, 3.114, and 1.776 g GAE (Gallic Acid Equivalent)/100 g extract, and the flavonoid contents were 4.072, 4.162, 1.751, 2.944, and 1.392 g QE (Quercetin Equivalent)/100 g extract, respectively. A positive relationship was found in this research, the chloroform extract that had the highest antioxidant activity contained the highest amount of phenolic and flavonoid. This study showed that snake gourd could be used as a source of natural antioxidant.
Effect of herbal extract of anting-anting (Acalypha australis) on blood glucose level of Balb/C mice with induction of Streptozotocin
Authors: OCKTARINI RIZKY , PRASETYO DIDING HERI , SJARIFAH IPOP 
Published: July 2018

Ocktarini R, Prasetyo DH, Sjarifah I. 2011. Effect of herbal extract of anting-anting (Acalypha australis) on blood glucose level of Balb/C mice with induction of Streptozotocin. Biofarmasi 9: 12-16. This study was conducted to determine the effect of herbal extract of anting-anting (Acalypha australis L.) on the decrease of blood glucose level of Balb/C mice induced with Streptozotocin. This research was an experimental laboratory with pre and post-test control group design, conducted in Laboratory of Biochemistry and Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta. The test animals used were 16 male mice, about 4-6 weeks of age with approximately 20-30 grams induced with Streptozotocin in 0.02 M citric buffer solution, and a dose of 65 mg/kg body weight. Furthermore, the mice were divided into two groups (Metformin in a dose of 1.3 mg/mice/day and herbal extract of anting-anting 1000 mg/kg BB/day) randomly, each group consisted of 8 mice. All mice were observed for GDS level after 14 days treatment period. The data obtained was processed by using the Independent-Samples T-test statistical test (unpaired t-test) with SPSS for Microsoft Windows Release 18.0. Mean of decreased GDS levels on Metformin group vs herbal extract of anting-anting (145.87 mg/dl vs 144.62 mg/dl, p=0.965). The treatment of herbal extract of anting-anting in a dose of 1000 mg/kg body weight/day could decrease blood glucose level of Balb/C mice induced with Streptozotocin that equal with Metformin.
The addition of ginger extract in making soymilk powder by spray drying method: Chemical constituents, sensory characteristic and antioxidant activity
Authors: PRAMITASARI DIKA , ANANDHITO R. BASKORO KATRI , FAUZA GUSTI 
Published: July 2018

Pramitasari D, Anandhito RBK, Fauza G. 2011. The addition of ginger extract in making soymilk powder by spray drying method: Chemical constituents, sensory characteristic and antioxidant activity. Biofarmasi 9: 17-25. Soybean has better nutritional contents than other legumes. Soybean is appropriate to produce soymilk due to the protein contents which similar to cow milk. However, soymilk has an unpleasant beany flavor taste which less favored by consumers. This study aimed to determine the effect of ginger extract adding on soy milk powder which produced by a spray dryer method regarding to chemical characteristics, antioxidant activity, and the consumer acceptance of product. This research used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three different concentrations of ginger extract treatments. The treatments were consisted of the ginger extract concentration by 0% (P1 as control), 2% (P2) and 3% (P3). The chemical characteristics were proximate analysis (AOAC), antioxidant activity (DPPH) and sensory characteristic (hedonic quality test). The statistical analysis used was ANOVA method at Î±=5% and followed by Duncan's Multiple Range Test. The result showed that moisture, ash, and fat content of product were not significantly different from P1, but the protein content and the antioxidant activity were significantly increasing due to the addition of ginger extract. The lowest antioxidant activity was P1, while the highest was P3. The sensory test result showed that the product with the highest overall preferences was P3.
The analysis of nutrient and fiber content of banana (Musa paradisiaca) sold in Pontianak, Indonesia
Authors: HASANAH RIZKA , DANINGSIH ENTIN , TITIN TITIN 
Published: July 2018

Hasanah R, Daningsih E, Titin. 2017. The analysis of nutrient and fiber content of banana (Musa paradisiaca) sold in Pontianak, Indonesia. Biofarmasi (Rumphius J Nat Prod Biochem) 15: 21-25. This study aimed to find out the effect of varieties of banana and market places to nutrients and fiber of bananas which were sold in Pontianak. Completely Randomized Design (CRD) Factorial model with main factors of varieties of banana (barangan, masak hijau, singapura), market places namely traditional market, fruit stores, and side road kiosk, and the combination of varieties and market places of banana. The variable tests were carbohydrate, glucose, fructose, sucrose, protein, lipid, vitamin C, crude fiber, water and ash content test. The result was processed with SAS application 6.12 version using ANOVA CRD Factorial and significances followed by LSD Î±=0.05. Result found varieties of banana affected on significantly to total carbohydrate, glucose, fructose, sucrose, vitamin C, lipid, and water but did not significantly affect on crude fiber, and ash. The market places gave no significant effect on total carbohydrate, glucose, fructose, sucrose, protein, vitamin C, crude fiber, water but gave significant affect on ash content. The combination between varieties and market places affected significantly on specific nutrient content. Barangan was good on total carbohydrate, vitamin C, and ash whilst masak hijau was highest on glucose, fructose, sucrose, and crude fiber. In addition, singapura was highest on protein, lipid and water.
Detection and Quantification of Carbohydrate-Deficient Transferrin by MALDI-Compatible Protein Chips Prepared by Ambient Ion Soft Landing
Authors: Darebna Petra , Spicka Jan , Kucera Radek , Topolcan Ondrej , Navratilova Eva , Ruzicka Viktor , Volny Michael , Novak Petr , Pompach Petr 
Published: July 2018

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Transferrin is synthetized in the liver and is the most important iron-transport carrier in the human body. Severe alcohol consumption leads to alterations in glycosylation of transferrin. Mass spectrometry can provide fast detection and quantification of transferrin isoforms because they have different molecular masses. In this study, we used antibody chips in combination with MALDI-TOF MS for the detection and quantification of transferrin isoforms.

METHODS
Protein chips were prepared by functionalization of indium tin oxide glass using ambient ion soft landing of electrosprayed antitransferrin antibody. Two microliters of patient serum was applied on the antibody-modified spots, and after incubation, washing, and matrix deposition, transferrin isoforms were detected by MALDI-TOF MS. Peak intensities of each transferrin form were used to calculate total carbohydrate-deficient transferrin (CDT). The CDT values obtained by the MALDI chip method were compared with the results obtained by a standard capillary electrophoresis (CE).

RESULTS
The chip-based MALDI-TOF MS method was used for enrichment and detection of CDT from human serum. A sample cohort from 186 patients was analyzed. Of these samples, 44 were positively identified as belonging to alcoholic patients, whereas 142 were negative by the MALDI chip approach. The correlation of the data obtained by the CE and the chip-based MALDI was r = 0.986, 95% CI.

CONCLUSIONS
Functionalized MALDI chips modified by antitransferrin antibody prepared by ambient ion soft landing were successfully used for detection and quantification of CDT from human sera.
Studio city
Authors: Štefančič Marcel , Janša Janez , Teršar Igor 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
V oddaji Studio city na RTV Slovenija so sodelovali: voditelj Marcel Štefančič, režiser in direktor zavoda Maska Janez Janša in generalni director Direktorata za ustvarjalnost na Ministrstvu za kulturo Republike Slovenije mag. Igor Teršar.
La villa pulcherrima di Traiano a Centumcellae. Una proposta
Authors: Reggiani Anna Maria 
Published: July 2018

Riassunto: La villa di Traiano a Centumcellae è un esempio di un lungo dibattito. Anche se la proposta non è nuova, ha un posto centrale nella storia di Civitavecchia sin dalla sua scoperta. Lo scopo di queste note è di fornire una sintesi sulla conoscenza del monumento, indipendentemente dal fatto che la villa di Civitavecchia, nota come Terme Taurine, sia da identificare con la «villa pulcherrima» di proprietà di Traiano e visitata da Plinio. La fase di Traiano è confermata da bolli in laterizio con il nome dell’imperatore (PORTUS TRAIANI), mentre quello di Adriano è rappresentato da un apparato decorativo di marmi pregiati e da latrine individuali come a Villa Adriana.Parole chiave: Traiano, Terme Taurine, Plinio, Centumcellae, Civitavecchia, StatiliusTaurus, Portus Traiani, Ficoncella.
Arap Dil İlimlerinin Sınıflandırılması
Authors: NALÇAKAN Zübeyt 
Published: July 2018

Dil ilimleri, İslam ilim ve düşünce geleneğinde önemli bir yere sahiptir. İslamʼın ortaya çıkmasını takip eden ilk asırlardan itibaren Müslümanlar, Arap dili ile ilgilenmeye başlayıp eserler ortaya koymuşlardır. Süreç içerisinde olgunlaşan dil ilimleri farklı alanlara ayrılmıştır. Bu makale, bu noktada, Arap dil ilimlerinin tasnifinde kullanılmış olan bazı terimlerin ortaya çıkışlarını ve anlam sahalarını ortaya koymaya çalışmaktadır.
Din Görevlilerinde Mesleki Memnuniyet Algısı: Sivas Örneği
Authors: ACAR ÇINAR Hatice 
Published: July 2018

Bu araştırmada
Sivas’ta görev yapan din görevlilerinin mesleklerine dair değerlendirmeleri,
varsa meslekleriyle ilgili çelişkileri diğer bir deyişle mesleki memnuniyetleri
incelenmiştir. Ayrıca mesleki memnuniyetle yaş, cinsiyet, eğitim ve dini inanç
düzeyi gibi değişkenler arasındaki ilişki de burada araştırılmıştır. Çalışmanın
örneklem grubunu, Sivas'ta görev
yapan ve tesadüfi yöntemle seçilen 267 din görevlisi oluşturmuştur. Ölçme aracı olarak Üzeyir Ok'un
“ilahiyatçı ölçeği” kullanılmıştır. Korelasyon analiz yönteminin kullanıldığı
mesleki memnuniyet algısının bazı boyutları ile gelir düzeyi arasında anlamlı bir ilişki bulunmuştur.
The discovery of Lepeophtheirus acutus Heegaard, 1943 (Copepoda: Caligidae) from two new elasmobranch hosts in the Mediterranean Sea, and a comparative redescription of Lepeophtheirus rhinobati Luque, Chaves et Cezar, 1998
Authors: Özak Argun Akif , Yanar Alper , Sakarya Yetkin , Boxshall Geoffrey Allan 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
In this study, supplementary information on the morphology of the siphonostomatoid copepod Lepeophtheirus acutus Heller, 1865 is given based on new material collected from the ventral body surface and mouth cavity of common guitarfish, Rhinobatos rhinobatos (Linnaeus) and from the branchial cavity of bull ray, Aetomylaeus bovinus (Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire) caught in Iskenderun Bay, Turkey. This is the first report of L. acutus from Mediterranean waters. Key diagnostic characters of both sexes are reported, supported by light and scanning electron microscopy observations. In addition, Lepeophtheirus rhinobati Luque, Chaves et Cezar, 1998, which is closely related to L. acutus and has been reported from the same host genus, Rhinobatos, is reexamined based on paratypes stored in the collections of the United States National Museum of Natural History. Some of the key diagnostic characters which were incompletely known or lacking in the original description of both sexes of L. rhinobati are redescribed and/or presented for the first time.