bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Design of Reactor for The Production of Sodium Thiosulfate (Na2S2O3) Crystal
Authors: Chairul Islam Sultan Nazmi 
Published: December 2024

In this research, the design and analysis of a batch reactor for the production of Sodium Thiosulfate crystal was carried out. This research was carried out with computational analysis and calculations of the reactor, stirrer and mass balance using the Microsoft Excel application. It is hoped that the manufacture of Sodium Thiosulfate can be scaled up on a factory scale so that a place is needed to react the raw materials from which the Sodium Thiosulfate is made. The specifications for sodium thiosulfate production at an industrial scale (1000 times larger than the lab scale) require a volume of 186.1300 ft3, a height of 2.8147 ft, and one stirrer with a power of 1800 Hp, based on calculations from the batch reactor and stirrer. The calculations were performed using Microsoft Excel without considering effectiveness factors. The calculation results indicate that the reactor's design and performance analysis are applicable.
Pengaruh Konsentrasi Ca-Alginat dari Cangkang Kerang Darah (Anadara granosa) dalam Pengolahan Sampel Air Sungai Mahakam untuk Kebutuhan Air Minum
Authors: Halimah Sekar Afifah Nur 
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh konsentrasi Ca-Alginat dari cangkang kerang darah terhadap parameter kekeruhan, TSS, TDS, dan pH pada sampel air Sungai Mahakam untuk diolah menjadi air minum. Proses koagulasi dilakukan menggunakan metode jar test menggunakan sampel air Sungai Mahakam sebanyak 500 mL, dengan variasi konsentrasi Na-Alginat 6, 8, 10, 14, dan 16 mg/L pada konsentrasi CaCO3 konstan, yaitu 200 mg/L serta variasi konsentrasi CaCO3 cangkang kerang darah 100, 200, 300, 400, dan 500 mg/L pada konsentrasi Na-Alginat konstan, yaitu 8 mg/L. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diperoleh konsentrasi Ca-Alginat terbaik pada konsentrasi Ca2+ 100 mg/L dan konsentrasi Na-Alginat 8 mg/L dengan nilai akhir kekeruhan 18,67 NTU, TSS 19, 35 mg/L, TDS 244 mg/L, dan pH 7,14. Nilai TSS, TDS, dan pH setelah proses koagulasi memenuhi baku mutu air minum, sedangkan nilai kekeruhan belum memenuhi baku mutu air minum berdasarkan Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan Republik Indonesia Nomor 2 Tahun 2023 dan Peraturan Daerah Provinsi Kalimantan Timur Nomor 2 Tahun 2011.Kata kunci : ca-Alginat, cangkang kerang darah, kekeruhan, pH, TDS & TSS
Aplikasi Proses Desinfeksi Air Minum Menggunakan Cuka Kayu Berbasis Limbah Serbuk Gergaji Sebagai Altenatif Bahan Desinfeksi
Authors: Ramadani Tarikh Azis , Kahardhini Marina Maharani , Dewi Tanti Utami 
Published: December 2024

Pertumbuhan industri dan kebutuhan masyarakat akan memberikan dampak seperti munculnya patogen seperti bakteri Escherichia coli dalam air. Hal ini akan berkontribusi pada penurunan ketersediaan air bersih. Proses desinfeksi diterapkan untuk mengurangi dan membatasi jumlah bakteri Escherichia coli di dalam air. Cuka kayu yang mengandung fenol merupakan salah satu bahan alternatif yang dapat digunakan sebagai disinfektan. Penelitian ini mengkaji penggunaan cuka kayu dalam proses desinfeksi. Proses desinfeksi dievaluasi berdasarkan variasi konsentrasi cuka kayu dan waktu kontak selama proses desinfeksi terhadap analisis jumlah bakteri (MPN) dan analisis residu fenol. Cuka kayu dari limbah serbuk gergaji telah memenuhi kualitas dari segi parameter pH, warna dan transparansi yang mengacu pada The Japan Pyroligneous Liquor Association. Cuka kayu memiliki kandungan fenol sebesar 1.022,456 ppm. Peningkatan konsentrasi fenol dapat meningkatkan daya hambat pertumbuhan Escherichia coli hingga 99,816% sedangkan peningkatan waktu kontak memberikan hasil yang fluktuatif. Proses desinfeksi menggunakan cuka kayu menghasilkan konsentrasi Escherichia coli dan fenol yang berada di atas regulasi jika dibandingkan dengan gas klorin.
PEMBUATAN CAIRAN PEMBERSIH LANTAI DARI LIMBAH MINYAK JELANTAH
Authors: Siswadi Emailda Candra Dewi 
Published: December 2024

Minyak jelantah merupakan minyak yang telah digunakan lebih dari dua atau tiga kali penggorengan. Minyak jelantah mengandung senyawa-senyawa yang bersifat karsinogenik, yang terbentuk selama proses penggorengan. Oleh karena itu, pemakaian minyak jelantah yang berkelanjutan dapat merusak kesehatan manusia. Untuk itu perlu penanganan yang tepat agar limbah minyak jelantah ini dapat bermanfaat dan tidak menimbulkan kerugian baik dari segi kesehatan manusia maupun lingkungan. Cairan pembersih lantai merupakan bahan yang dimanfaatkan dalam rumah tangga, sebagai cairan untuk membersihkan kotoran pada lantai. Pembersih lantai juga mengandung agen antimikroba yang dapat membunuh kuman. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah memanfaatkan limbah minyak jelantah untuk dijadikan cairan pembersih lantai sebagai bentuk penanggulangan dan penanganan yang tepat guna terhadap limbah minyak jelantah. Kata kunci: minyak jelantah, cairan pembersih lantai
Intestinal Dysbiosis and its Relationship with Autistic Spectrum Disorder in Kids
Authors: Bejarano Loor Laura , Castro Ampuero Rafaela , Pazos Altamirano Andres , Valdés Rodríguez Yolanda 
Published: December 2024

This systematic review analyses the possible association between the intestinal microbiota and Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). It delves into the involvement of the gut-brain-microbiota axis and other factors implicated in maintaining a healthy microbiota. The brain and the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) exchange information with a bidirectional pathway. Multiple neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's and Alzheimer's are linked to dysbiosis, an alteration in the gut microbiota. However, there is evidence supporting the association between dysbiosis and the neurodevelopment of ASD. Therefore, current treatment options focus on patient nutrition and diet. In this review, the best evidence regarding the effect of nutrition on children with ASD.
Examining the Impact of Merger and Acquisition Perception on Customer Loyalty in the Banking Sector: Evidence from Structural Equation Modeling
Authors: Tuladhar Anika , Devkota Niranjan , Danuwar Ranjana Kumari , Kayestha Mijala , Dangol Anuj Singh , Dhakal Ajaya , Tiwari Devi Raman , Timalsina Dhurba Prasad , Koirala Amita 
Published: December 2024

Background: A considerable number of studies in the Nepalese context have revealed that Nepal’s tourism sector has been adversely affected by the Covid-19 pandemic; however, none of these studies have quantified these consequences in monetary terms. This assessment is expected to offer valuable insight for enhancing the resilience of tourism sector to future global disruptions and developing tailored policies to bolster the Nepalese tourism sector against external shocks.
Objectives: This study addresses a critical gap in understanding the full economic ramifications of the Covid-19 pandemic in the Nepalese tourism sector by quantifying the primary, secondary and tertiary revenue losses. By providing a comprehensive assessment of the pandemic’s impact, this study aims to inform policymakers and industry stakeholders in developing tailored strategies for recovery and resilience.
Methods: Secondary data are used in this study. It employs Stynes et al.’s (2000) revised money generation framework and the Keynesian macroeconomic multiplier approach to assess the actual and expected economic impacts of tourism activities in Nepal during the pandemic periods of 2020 and 2021. The actual value is determined using the actual tourism statistics, while the expected value is based on the targeted tourism statistics reported by the Ministry of Culture, Tourism, and Civil Aviation, Nepal. The difference between the two estimates is attributed to the economic impact of the Covid-19 pandemic in those years.
Results: This study reveals an expected revenue decrease of 1.038 billion US dollars in 2020 and 1.309 billion US dollars in 2021. In addition, the tourism multiplier values are declining in Nepal over the observed years.
Conclusion: This study provides two key conclusions. First, the Nepalese tourism sector is susceptible to travel restrictions. Second, tourism revenue is being drained from the local economy due to the increasing importation of merchandise and services to satisfy the Nepalese tourism sector’s demand.
Hubungan Social Comparison Dengan Body Dissatisfaction Pada Dewasa Awal Pengguna Instagram
Authors: Meilany Putri Lestari  , Heru Astikasari Setya Murti  
Published: December 2024

Perkembangan media sosial terutama Instagram, mendorong individu untuk membandingkan diri serta memunculkan standar ideal yang sulit dicapai, sehingga perbandingan sosial menyebabkan ketidakpuasan terhadap bentuk tubuh. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji hubungan perbandingan sosial dan ketidakpuasan tubuh pada dewasa awal pengguna Instagram. Menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dan desain korelasional yang melibatkan 224 partisipan, dipilih melalui purposive sampling. Instrumen yang digunakan Iowa-Netherlands Comparison Orientation Measure (INCOM), reliabilitas 0,950 dan Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ-34), reliabilitas 0,871. Hasilnya, semakin tinggi tingkat perbandingan sosial yang dilakukan individu, semakin tinggi pula tingkat ketidakpuasan tubuh yang dirasakan. Sehingga uji hipotesis dalam penelitian ini diterima, diharapkan individu dapat lebih memahami dampak perbandingan sosial terhadap ketidakpuasan tubuh, yang dapat berpotensi dalam mempengaruhi cara pandang terhadap diri sendiri maupun orang lain.
Kata Kunci: perbandingan sosial, ketidakpuasan tubuh, dewasa awal, pengguna instagram
Local control and patient survival after stereotactic radiosurgery for esophageal cancer brain metastases: an international multicenter analysis
Authors: Bin-Alamer Othman , Abou-Al-Shaar Hussam , Singh Raj , Bowden Greg , Mathieu David , Perlow Haley K. , Palmer Joshua D. , Elhamdani Shahed , Shepard Matthew , Liang Yun , Nabeel Ahmed M. , Reda Wael A. , Tawadros Sameh R. , Abdel Karim Khaled , El-Shehaby Amr M. N. , Emad Eldin Reem , Elazzazi Ahmed Hesham , Warnick Ronald E. , Gozal Yair M. , Daly Megan , McShane Brendan , Addis-Jackson Marcel , Karthikeyan Gokul , Smith Sian , Picozzi Piero , Franzini Andrea , Kaisman-Elbaz Tehila , Yang Huai-che , Hess Judith , Templeton Kelsey , Wei Zhishuo , Pikis Stylianos , Mantziaris Georgios , Simonova Gabriela , Liscak Roman , Peker Selcuk , Samanci Yavuz , Chiang Veronica , Lee Cheng-Chia , Trifiletti Daniel M. , Niranjan Ajay , Lunsford L. Dade , Sheehan Jason P. 
Published: December 2024

OBJECTIVE
This study aimed to evaluate local control (LC) of tumors, patient overall survival (OS), and the safety of stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) for esophageal cancer brain metastases (EBMs).

METHODS
This retrospective cohort study used data from 15 International Radiosurgery Research Foundation facilities encompassing 67 patients with 185 EBMs managed using SRS between January 2000 and May 2022. The median patient age was 63 years, with a male predominance (92.5%). Most patients (64.2%) had a single brain metastasis, while 7.5% had more than 5 metastases. The median tumor volume was 0.9 cm3, and the median margin dose delivered to the tumor was 20 Gy.

RESULTS
The median OS post-SRS was 15.2 months, with 1- and 2-year OS rates of 65.7% and 32.3%, respectively. A significant inverse correlation was found between the number of EBMs and OS in the univariable analysis. LC rates at 1 and 2 years were 89% and 76%, respectively. Adverse radiation effects (AREs) were observed in 17.9% of patients, with 13.4% being mild and transient and 4.5% severely symptomatic (Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events grade 3). New intracranial disease developed in 58.2% of patients, with 1- and 2-year rates of 58% and 73%, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS
SRS for EBMs demonstrated high survival rates and effective tumor control, with a low incidence of severe AREs. These findings highlight the potential role of SRS in the multidisciplinary multimodality management paradigm of EBM.
External validation of the Spinal Infection Treatment Evaluation score: a single-center 19-year review of de novo spinal infections
Authors: Quiceno Esteban , Soliman Mohamed A. R. , Khan Ali M. A. , Aguirre Alexander O. , Baig Rehman Ali , Masood Umar , Malueg Megan D. , Khan Asham , Pollina John , Mullin Jeffrey P. 
Published: December 2024

OBJECTIVE
The escalating incidence of de novo spinal infections poses a substantial neurological impact on patients. This has prompted a growing interest in discerning which patients would derive greater benefit from medical as opposed to surgical management of these occurrences. The authors assessed the predictive applicability of the Spinal Infection Treatment Evaluation (SITE) score in discerning between surgical intervention and medical management. This assessment represents the first external validation of the SITE score conducted in a cohort of patients with de novo spinal infections.

METHODS
A comprehensive retrospective chart review was conducted to identify patients diagnosed with de novo spinal infections (osteomyelitis, discitis, or epidural abscess) at a tertiary center between July 1, 2004, and March 31, 2023. All necessary data for calculating the SITE score were collected for each patient. Surgical intervention was advised for patients scoring 0–8 or exhibiting acute plegia or bladder or bowel dysfunction and optional for those scoring 9–12; medical treatment was recommended for patients scoring 13–15. Predictability of the score was scrutinized using the area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.

RESULTS
Among 194 identified patients, the mean ± SD age was 65.96 ± 13.66 years and 58% were men. Stratification of patients based on medical and surgical management revealed that 27% underwent medical treatment alone and 73% required surgical intervention. In the medical group, 72.2% of patients were neurologically intact compared to 50% in the surgical group (p = 0.006). Surgically managed patients exhibited a higher incidence of spinal stenosis with impingement of the spinal cord, with or without deformity, when compared to nonsurgical patients (38.6% vs 22.2%, p = 0.04). Additionally, surgically managed patients had a lower mean ± SD SITE score (7.16 ± 2.39 vs 8.2 ± 2.33, p < 0.005) and were more likely to have multilevel infection than patients who underwent medical management (59.3% vs 33.3%, p < 0.001). When patients were categorized on the basis of SITE score, the sensitivity of the score (using a threshold of 8) to predict surgical management was 68.6% and specificity was 59.3%. According to ROC curve, the SITE score exhibited an AUC of 0.66.

CONCLUSIONS
Validation of the SITE score could not accurately predict medical versus surgical management in a tertiary center cohort of patients with de novo spinal infections. Further multicenter studies incorporating additional variables and larger cohorts are imperative to develop an optimal predictive tool.
Identification of the optimal thresholds for the hypoperfusion intensity ratio in moyamoya disease
Authors: Wang Liuxian , Han Dongshan , Liao Ming , Zha Jing , Li Lei , Fan Huagang , Wei Wenfeng , Ji Xiaoqian , Xie Anming 
Published: December 2024

OBJECTIVE
The authors’ objective was to retrospectively compare two methods for defining the hypoperfusion intensity ratio (HIR) in moyamoya disease (MMD) by using hypoperfused volumes calculated from time to maximum of the residue function (Tmax) thresholds of 10 seconds/4 seconds and 10 seconds/6 seconds.

METHODS
All hemispheres were categorized into normal, ischemic, and hemorrhagic groups. Hypoperfused volumes were calculated using Tmax thresholds of 10 seconds, 6 seconds, and 4 seconds. HIR was computed as Tmax > 10 seconds/Tmax > 4 seconds (HIR10/4) and Tmax > 10 seconds/Tmax > 6 seconds (HIR10/6). Angiographic collaterals were assessed using CT perfusion (CTP)–sourced images (CTP-sis). The 3-month clinical follow-up included primary outcomes (survival or death) and secondary outcomes (modified Rankin Scale [mRS] and Katz activities of daily living [ADL] scale scores). Multivariate logistic regression and correlation analyses were conducted.

RESULTS
Thirty patients (54 hemispheres) were included. Patients with poor primary outcomes exhibited higher rates of hypertension (p = 0.015), larger hypoperfused volumes, and elevated HIR10/4 and HIR10/6 (p < 0.001). The regression model with HIR10/4 outperformed that with HIR10/6 for predicting primary outcomes (Z = 2.02, p = 0.044). Both HIR10/4 and HIR10/6 correlated with mRS and ADL scores (p < 0.05). Although there was no correlation between HIR and CTP-sis when all hemispheres were included, a significant association was found between HIR10/4 and CTP-sis when hemispheres with hemorrhagic lesions were excluded (p = 0.013).

CONCLUSIONS
HIR10/4 exhibited a superior predictive value for primary outcomes in MMD compared to HIR10/6. Additionally, HIR10/4 showed a significant association with angiographic collaterals, particularly in ischemic MMD cases. This study suggested that HIR defined as Tmax > 10 seconds/Tmax > 4 seconds may be more suitable than Tmax > 10 seconds/Tmax > 6 seconds in MMD.
Sur les chemins des récits de vie en sciences de l’éducation : intégration interdisciplinaire et rapport aux savoirs
Authors: Bernard Marie-Claude 
Published: December 2024

Les approches biographiques en sciences de l’éducation sont largement déployées. Initialement employées en histoire, en anthropologie et en sociologie, les méthodes biographiques étaient valorisées notamment parce qu’elles permettent le recueil de « matériau » de choix ainsi que la réalisation d’études de terrains qui ne peuvent être explorés à fond par d’autres méthodes. En sciences de l’éducation, leurs contributions diversifiées s’étendent autant en recherche qu’en formation. Elles ont montré la complémentarité entre théorie et pratique et elles sont favorables à l’intégration interdisciplinaire. Dans cette contribution, je présenterai d’abord des voies empruntées en employant des récits de vie en sciences de l’éducation, autant en recherche qu’en formation. Je présenterai par la suite quelques exemples qui montrent leur intégration dans des approches interdisciplinaires. Si les approches biographiques mobilisées en histoire, en littérature et en sciences de l’éducation partagent les formes narratives et convoquent la mémoire, des distinctions sont à prendre en compte. Dans la dernière partie, je convoquerai le rapport aux savoirs sous les axes épistémologique, axiologique et praxéologique afin de réfléchir à ces distinctions. Cette réflexion aboutit au dégagement de trois considérations dans la mise en œuvre de précautions d’usage. En conclusion, j’exprimerai le point de vue qui explique que les approches biographiques en sciences de l’éducation manifestent une « insubordination » en recherche, une promotion de la démocratie, qui passe par la démocratisation des savoirs, ainsi qu’une valorisation de la diversité des modes de vie.
Enhancing Learners Autonomy: Effects of an English Camp Program
Authors: Adara Reza Anggriyashati , Victorynie Irnie , Hamer Welliam , Rohimajaya Nur Azmi 
Published: December 2024

Immersing learners in English can be a strategy to improve their autonomy in in English as a foreign language (EFL) learning. The objective of the present study is to analyze the improvement in factors related to learners’ autonomy after the English camp, one of types of language immersion programs. This study used a convenience sampling method. The participants consisted of thirty high school students. Therefore, the present study employed a quantitative research design by distributing a set of questionnaires before and after an-eight-day English camp program. The results suggest that the most salient factor that improves after the treatment is ‘important strategies’ (m=3.6 to m=3.75) while factors related ‘the learners’ sense of self-efficacy’ (m=3.75 to m=3.91) and ‘the role of teacher’ (m=3.47 to m=3.5) do not suggest a drastic increase. In contrast, the items related to ‘the role of the feedback’ (m=3.77 to m=3.58) show a decline. In this sense, the participants seem able to employ various important strategies to advance their language learning progress and improve their confidence while finding the roles of feedback they obtained during the program lessened. The results of this study imply the needs to provide comprehensible inputs to the students so that they can enhance their autonomy. The next study should involve the investigation of the effects of comprehensible inputs in an English camp toward learners’ autonomy.
The Design of the Problem Analysis-Based E-Teaching Materials for the Tahsin Al-Quran Course
Authors: Masyhudi Fauza , Zukdi Ilpi , Frasandy Rendy Nugraha , Alfurqan Alfurqan , Khairat Annisaul 
Published: December 2024

This paper aims to produce a product designed based on problem analysis in learning The Tahsin Al-Quran course at the Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Teacher Education (PGMI) Study Program, Faculty of Tarbiyah and Teacher Training, UIN Imam Bonjol Padang. This research is development research using the ADDIE model at the analysis and design stage. Data on The Tahsin Al-Quran lecture problems have been obtained from questionnaires, interviews and observations carried out at the problem analysis stage. This research reveals the important steps taken in designing e-teaching material product. This research has found the ways to design the problem analysis based e-teaching materials to make it easier for the students to reach the goal of The Tahsin Al-Quran learning.
Penyuluhan Penerapan Lima Pilar STBM Terhadap Kejadian Stunting
Authors: B Muslimin , Ruqaiyah Ruqaiyah , Imran Ali 
Published: December 2024

Satu indikator faktor lingkungan yang dapat menyebabkan stunting masyarakat secara tidak langsung adalah sanitasi total berbasis masyarakat (STBM). Metode pembangunan kesehatan yang berkaitan dengan sanitasi ini memanfaatkan pemberdayaan masyarakat untuk mendorong perubahan perilaku, terutama perilaku yang berpotensi mengakibatkan peningkatan kasus stunting. Karena kekurangan sumber daya dan jangkauan area kegiatan yang begitu luas, kegiatan penyuluhan belum dilakukan sepenuhnya. Tujuan: Meningkatkan pengetahuan dan pemahaman tentang lima Pilar STBM dan stunting pada ibu balita di Desa Benteng Gajah. Metode: Penyuluhan memberikan pengabdian masyarakat, yang kemudian digunakan untuk mengukur indikator keberhasilan dengan menggunakan pre-test dan post-test. Hasil: Hasil dari kegiatan penyuluhan menunjukkan peningkatan pengetahuan peserta tentang 5 Pilar STBM dan Stunting. Ini ditunjukkan oleh nilai pre-test dan nilai post-test peserta baik sebelum maupun sesudah penyuluhan, dengan 61% peserta mengetahui tentang pilar STBM dan Stunting, dan 89% peserta mengetahui tentang pilar tersebut setelah penyuluhan. Keputusan: Kegiatan penyuluhan dapat membantu ibu balita lebih memahami penerapan 5 Pilar STBM dan Stunting. Untuk itu, kegiatan penyuluhan harus ditingkatkan agar petugas kesehatan dapat mengajarkan ibu balita hal-hal baru tentang kesehatan.
Kata Kunci: pengabdian masyarakat ,penyuluhan, pengetahuan,5 Pilar STBM, Stunting