bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Search for companions in visual binary systems using precise radial-velocity measurements
Authors: Katoh Noriyuki , Itoh Yoichi , Sato Bun’ei 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
The frequency of triple and quadruple systems is considered to be high in the early phase of star formation. Some multiple systems decay in the pre-main-sequence phase. The multiplicity of main-sequence stars provides clues about the evolution of binary systems. This work searched for companions of five components of visual binary systems using precise radial-velocity measurements. Their radial velocities were monitored from 2007 to 2012 using the HIgh Dispersion Echelle Spectrograph (HIDES) installed on the Okayama Astrophysical Observatory (OAO) 1.88 m reflector. In combination with previous work, this work searched for companions with an orbital period of less than 9 yr for the five bodies. We found periodic variations in the radial velocities for ADS 6190 A and BDS 10966A. The radial velocities of ADS 7311 A, 31 Dra A, and 31 Dra B show significant trends. ADS 6190 A is an SB1 binary with an orbital period of 366.2 d. The minimum mass of the secondary star is 0.5$^{+0.7}_{-0.2}\,M_{\odot }$. The radial velocity of ADS 7311 A was monitored for an observational span of 3200 d. We rejected a planetary-mass companion as the cause of a decreasing trend in the radial velocity of ADS 7311 A. This work confirmed that the periodic variation in the radial velocity of BDS 10966 A is 771.1 d. Bisector analysis did not reveal a correlation between the asymmetry of a spectral line and the radial velocity of BDS 10966 A. We rejected nonradial oscillation of the photosphere as the source of the radial velocity variation. The variation may be caused by the rotational modulation owing to surface inhomogeneity. The orbital elements of 31 Dra A derived in this paper are consistent with those in a previous paper. 31 Dra A system is an SB1 binary with a minimum mass ratio of 0.30 ± 0.08. 31 Dra B exhibits a periodic variation in radial velocity. The orbital elements derived in this work are consistent with those reported previously by others. The variation is caused by a circumstellar planet.
History of the Development of Anesthesia for the Dolphin
Authors: McCormick James G. , Ridgway Sam H. 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
It is important for academic-minded human anesthesiologists to have an interdisciplinary perspective when engaging in cutting-edge research as well as the practice of human anesthesiology. This was a philosophy promoted by Dr. Robert Dripps, former pioneering Chairman of the Anesthesiology Department at the University of Pennsylvania (Philadelphia, Pennsylvania). Many human and veterinary anesthesiologists as well as biomedical engineers and neuroscientists benefited from Dr. Dripps’s constructive outlook personified in the quest to develop dolphin anesthesiology.
The motivation to anesthetize dolphins came from the fact that scientists and physicians wanted to study the brain of the dolphin, a brain as large as man’s. Also, investigators wanted to develop anesthesia for the dolphin in order to study the electrophysiology of the dolphin’s highly sophisticated auditory system, which facilitates the dolphin’s amazing echolocation capability.
Dolphin anesthesia involves a complex matter of unique neural control, airway anatomy, neuromuscular control of respiration, and sleep behavior.
Head Movements Allow Listeners Bilaterally Implanted With Cochlear Implants to Resolve Front-Back Confusions
Authors: Pastore M. Torben , Natale Sarah J. , Yost William A. , Dorman Michael F. 
Published: April 2018

Objectives:
We report on the ability of patients fit with bilateral cochlear implants (CIs) to distinguish the front-back location of sound sources both with and without head movements. At issue was (i) whether CI patients are more prone to front-back confusions than normal hearing listeners for wideband, high-frequency stimuli; and (ii) if CI patients can utilize dynamic binaural difference cues, in tandem with their own head rotation, to resolve these front-back confusions. Front-back confusions offer a binary metric to gain insight into CI patients’ ability to localize sound sources under dynamic conditions not generally measured in laboratory settings where both the sound source and patient are static.

Design:
Three-second duration Gaussian noise samples were bandpass filtered to 2 to 8 kHz and presented from one of six loudspeaker locations located 60° apart, surrounding the listener. Perceived sound source localization for seven listeners bilaterally implanted with CIs, was tested under conditions where the patient faced forward and did not move their head and under conditions where they were encouraged to moderately rotate their head. The same conditions were repeated for 5 of the patients with one implant turned off (the implant at the better ear remained on). A control group of normal hearing listeners was also tested for a baseline of comparison.

Results:
All seven CI patients demonstrated a high rate of front-back confusions when their head was stationary (41.9%). The proportion of front-back confusions was reduced to 6.7% when these patients were allowed to rotate their head within a range of approximately ± 30°. When only one implant was turned on, listeners’ localization acuity suffered greatly. In these conditions, head movement or the lack thereof made little difference to listeners’ performance.

Conclusions:
Bilateral implantation can offer CI listeners the ability to track dynamic auditory spatial difference cues and compare these changes to changes in their own head position, resulting in a reduced rate of front-back confusions. This suggests that, for these patients, estimates of auditory acuity based solely on static laboratory settings may underestimate their real-world localization abilities.
Primary hyperparathyroidism: recent advances
Authors: Walker Marcella D. , Bilezikian John P. 
Published: April 2018

Purpose of review
The purpose of this review is to describe recent advances and changes in the evaluation and management of primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT).

Recent findings
Although it has long been recognized that asymptomatic PHPT is associated with bone loss, particularly at cortical skeletal sites when evaluated with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, new imaging techniques suggest that trabecular skeletal deterioration as well as clinically silent vertebral fractures and nephrolithiasis are common. Nonclassical targets of asymptomatic PHPT as well as the effect of vitamin D deficiency and treatment upon PHPT presentation have been the subject of recent intense investigation. Randomized clinical trials are now available regarding the effect of parathyroidectomy (PTX) upon both classical and nonclassical target organs. They have confirmed results from observational studies with regard to the skeletal benefits of PTX but have not consistently shown improvements in nonclassical symptoms.

Summary
These findings have led to recommendations for more extensive renal and skeletal evaluation and broader criteria for PTX in PHPT. In addition to dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, vertebral and renal imaging is recommended. When available, trabecular imaging techniques may be helpful. PTX criteria now include subclinical kidney stones, vertebral fractures and hypercalciuria, in addition to those based on age, serum calcium, bone densitometry and renal function.
Split-Depressed Lateral Tibial Plateau Fractures: A Comparison of Augmented Percutaneous Screws Versus Augmented Plate and Screw Construct in a Cadaveric Model
Authors: Bowles Richard J. , Chadayammuri Vivek , Baldini Todd , Brecevich Antonio , Mauffrey Cyril 
Published: April 2018

Objectives:
To compare the strength of fixation of percutaneous screw versus plate/screw fixation in a paired cadaver model of OTA 41-B3 (Schatzker type II) split-depression fractures of the lateral tibial plateau.

Methods:
Six matched pairs of cadaveric knees were acquired. An OTA 41-B3 (Schatzker type II) split-depression fracture was created in all specimens using a standardized method. One specimen from each matched pair of knees was fixed with percutaneous screws, and the other was fixed with a plate/screw construct. All specimens underwent augmentation of the central metaphyseal defect with calcium phosphate. Mean residual displacement (depression) was measured on thin-slice high-resolution computed tomography using a standardized methodology following 3 experimental conditions: (1) after they were fixed, before loading; (2) unloaded cycling (simulating postoperative range of motion exercises); and (3) loaded cycling (simulating postoperative weight-bearing). Load to failure was also compared.

Results:
After adjustment for baseline measurements, there was no significant difference in mean residual depression of the lateral tibial plateau between treatments groups after unloaded or loaded cyclic testing. Mean residual depression was less than 1 mm in both the treatment groups. Load to failure was statistically equivalent between treatment groups.

Conclusions:
In our cadaveric study, in combination with calcium phosphate augmentation for both methods, percutaneous screw fixation conferred comparable strength of fixation compared with plate/screw constructs for treatment of OTA 41-B3 (Schatzker type II) tibial plateau fractures.
Operative Treatment of Talar Head Fractures: Surgical Technique
Authors: Anderson Michael R. , Ketz John P. , Flemister Adolph Sam 
Published: April 2018

Summary:
Talar head fractures represent a rare subtype of injury to the talus. Clinical series of talar head fractures are nonexistent in the current literature, and treatment of these injuries is based on expert opinion. Many authors recommend a single-incision approach to open reduction and internal fixation of talar head fractures; however, we have found that a 2-incision approach allows for optimal visualization while facilitating proper implant placement. We present a description of our technique and our clinical experience treating 8 of these rare injuries.
Surgical Treatment of Supracondylar Humeral Fractures in a Freestanding Ambulatory Surgery Center is as Safe as and Faster and More Cost-Effective Than in a Children's Hospital
Authors: Rider Carson M. , Hong Victor Y. , Westbrooks Timothy J. , Wang Jiajing , Sheffer Benjamin W. , Kelly Derek M. , Spence David D. , Flynn John M. , Sawyer Jeffrey R. 
Published: April 2018

Background:
Despite an 88% increase in the number of pediatric fractures treated in ambulatory surgery centers (ASCs) over a 10-year period, few studies have compared outcomes of fracture treatment performed in a freestanding ASC compared with those performed in the hospital (HOSP) or hospital outpatient department (HOPD). The purpose of this study was to compare clinical and radiographic outcomes, treatment times, and costs for treatment of Gartland type II supracondylar humeral (SCH) fracture in the ASC, HOSP, and HOPD.

Methods:
Retrospective review identified pediatric patients with isolated Gartland type II SCH fractures who had closed reduction and percutaneous pinning (CRPP) by board-certified orthopaedic surgeons from January 2012 to September 2016. On the basis of the location of their treatment, patients were divided into 3 groups: HOSP, HOPD, and ASC. All fractures were treated with CRPP under fluoroscopic guidance using 2 parallel or divergent smooth Kirschner wires. Radiographs obtained before and after CRPP and at final follow-up noted the anterior humeral line index (HLI) and Baumann angle. Statistical analysis compared all 3 groups for outcomes, complications, treatment time/efficiency, and charges.

Results:
Record review identified 231 treated in HOSP, 35 in HOPD, and 50 in ASC. Radiographic outcomes in terms of Baumann angle and HLI did not differ significantly between the groups at any time point except preoperatively when the HLI for the HOSP patients was lower (P=0.02), indicating slightly greater displacement than the other groups. Overall complication rates were not significantly different among the groups, nor were occurrences of individual complications. The mean surgical time was significantly shorter (P<0.0001) in ASC patients than in HOPD and HOSP patients, and total charges were significantly lower (P<0.001).

Conclusions:
Gartland type II SCH fractures can be safely treated in a freestanding ASC with excellent clinical and radiographic outcomes equal to those obtained in the HOSP and HOPD; treatment in the ASC also is more efficient and cost-effective.

Level of Evidence:
Level III—retrospective comparative study.
A Systematic Review of the Utility of the Hoffmann Sign for the Diagnosis of Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy
Authors: Fogarty Alexandra , Lenza Eric , Gupta Gaurav , Jarzem Peter , Dasgupta Kaberi , Radhakrishna Mohan 
Published: April 2018

Study Design.
Systematic review.

Objective.
To determine the validity of the Hoffmann sign for the detection of degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM) for patients presenting with cervical complaints.

Summary of Background Data.
While physical examination maneuvers are often used to diagnose DCM, no previous review has synthesized diagnostic accuracy data.

Methods.
Medline, Embase, and HealthStar were searched for articles from January 1, 1947 to March 1, 2017 using the following terms: Spinal Cord Diseases, Spinal Cord Compression, Cervical Vertebrae, Signs and Symptoms, Physical Examination, Epidemiologic studies, Epidemiologic Research Design, Predictive Value of Tests, and Myelopathy. The Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (QUADAS) checklist was applied to determine the level of evidence. Articles included were published in English or French language, rated as QUADAS level 3 or higher with a minimum 10 patients presenting with cervical complaints having undergone the Hoffman sign. Excluded studies recruited patients with a nondegenerative type of cervical myelopathy, and/or no evaluation with magnetic resonance imaging.

Results.
A total of 589 articles were selected for review. Following the application of inclusion and exclusion criteria, 45 articles were analyzed using the QUADAS checklist. Only of three articles were of QUADAS quality 3 or higher. Analysis of combined data from 2/3 studies indicated that the Hoffman sign has a positive likelihood ratio of 2.2 (95% CI 1.5–3.3) and a negative likelihood ratio of 0.63 (95% CI 0.5–0.8).

Conclusion.
A positive Hoffman alone is unlikely to lead to more than a small change in estimated probability of DCM as compared with the gold standard test (magnetic resonance imaging). Variability in results across individual studies may result from differences in study design. There are insufficient data to support use of the Hoffman sign alone to confirm or refute a diagnosis of DCM.

Level of Evidence: 1
Long-term Outcomes With Ifosfamide-based Hypofractionated Preoperative Chemoradiotherapy for Extremity Soft Tissue Sarcomas
Authors: Pennington Joseph Daniel , Eilber Fritz C. , Eilber Frederick R. , Singh Arun S. , Reed Jarred P. , Chmielowski Bartosz , Eckardt Jeffrey J. , Bukata Susan V. , Bernthal Nicholas M. , Federman Noah , Nelson Scott D. , Dry Sarah M. , Wang Pin-Chieh , Luu Michael , Selch Michael T. , Steinberg Michael L. , Kalbasi Anusha , Kamrava Mitchell 
Published: April 2018

Objectives:The objective of this study was to analyze outcomes for patients with soft tissue sarcoma of the extremities using neoadjuvant ifosfamide-based chemotherapy and hypofractionated reduced dose radiotherapy, followed by limb-sparing surgery.Materials and Methods:An Institutional Review Board (IRB)-approved retrospective review of patients treated at a single institution between 1990 and 2013 was performed. In total, 116 patients were identified who received neoadjuvant ifosfamide-based chemotherapy and 28 Gy in 8 fractions of preoperative radiation (equivalent dose in 2 Gray fractions, 31.5 Gy [α/β 10] 36.4 Gy [α/β 3]) followed by limb-sparing surgery. Local recurrence (LR), distant failure (DF), and overall survival (OS) were calculated. Univariate and multivariate analysis for LR, DF, and OS were performed using Cox analysis. Statistical significance was set at aP<0.05.Results:Median follow-up was 5.9 years (range, 0.3 to 24 y). Actuarial LR at 3/6 years was 11%/17%, DF at 3/6 years was 25%/35%, and OS at 3/6 years was 82%/67%. On multivariate analysis, only a positive surgical margin was significantly correlated with worse local control (P=0.005; hazard ratio [HR], 18.33; 95% confidence interval (CI), 2.41-139.34). Age over 60 years (P=0.03; HR, 2.34; 95% CI, 1.10-4.98) and tumor size over 10 cm compared with tumor size ≤5 cm (P=0.03; HR, 3.32; 95% CI, 1.15-9.61) were associated with worse OS.Conclusions:Soft tissue extremity sarcoma patients treated using reduced dose hypofractionated preoperative radiotherapy in combination with ifosfamide-based chemotherapy shows acceptable local control and warrants further investigation.
Clinical Significance of Lymph Node Metastasis in the Mesentery of the Terminal Ileum in Patients With Right-sided Colon Tumors at Different Locations
Authors: Kang Sung Il , Kim Duck-Woo , Shin Eun , Kim Myung Jo , Son Il Tae , Oh Heung-Kwon , Kang Sung-Bum 
Published: April 2018

BACKGROUND:
There are limited reports on peri-ileal lymph node metastasis in patients with right-sided colon cancer, and little is known about their clinical significance.

OBJECTIVE:
This study aimed to examine the role of tumor location in the prevalence and clinical significance of peri-ileal lymph node metastasis in patients with right-sided colon cancer.

DESIGN:
This is a retrospective study from a prospective cohort database.

SETTINGS:
The study was conducted at a tertiary referral hospital.

PATIENTS:
Patients with right-sided colon cancer treated with radical surgery in a hospital between May 2006 and September 2016 were included.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:
The frequency of peri-ileal lymph node metastasis in the study cohort and the role of tumor location and the clinical characteristics of patients with peri-ileal lymph node metastasis were determined.

RESULTS:
We examined 752 cases with right-sided colon cancer including 82 cecal, 554 ascending colon, and 116 hepatic flexure cancer. Twenty patients (2.7%) had peri-ileal lymph node metastasis. The incidence of metastasis to peri-ileal lymph nodes was 7.3% (6/82) in patients with cecal cancer, 2.2% (12/554) in patients with ascending colon cancer, and 1.7% (2/116) in patients with hepatic flexure cancer. Three patients had stage III cancer and 17 had stage IV. All 3 patients with positive peri-ileal lymph nodes and stage III cancer had cecal tumors. In contrast, all patients with ascending colon or hepatic flexure cancer and positive peri-ileal lymph nodes had stage IV cancer.

LIMITATIONS:
The results were limited by the retrospective design of the study and the small number of patients with peri-ileal lymph node metastasis.

CONCLUSIONS:
Peri-ileal lymph node metastasis was rare even in right-sided colon cancer and occurred mainly in stage IV. However, it occurred in some patients with locally advanced cecal cancer. These results suggest that optimal resection of the mesentery of the terminal ileum might have clinical benefit, especially in curative surgery for cecal cancer. See Video Abstract at http://links.lww.com/DCR/A556.
What is new in the management of poor ovarian response in IVF?
Authors: Vaiarelli Alberto , Cimadomo Danilo , Ubaldi Nicolò , Rienzi Laura , Ubaldi Filippo Maria 
Published: April 2018

Purpose of review
The management and treatment of patients with poor ovarian response is still a controversial issue in IVF. Increasing evidences demonstrate that the number of oocytes retrieved after a controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) greatly influences the clinical outcome in terms of cumulative live birth per started cycle. For this reason, any COS should aim to optimize the number of oocytes according to the ovarian reserve of the patient. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of new strategies proposed to manage poor responders according to the novel POSEIDON classification.

Recent findings
Gonadotrophins cannot compensate for the absence of follicles in the ovary, therefore, COS in poor responders may benefit from the exploitation of multiple follicular waves within a single ovarian cycle, for instance, through luteal phase stimulation or double stimulation (follicular plus luteal) in the same ovarian cycle (DuoStim) protocols.

Summary
Many strategies have been proposed to manage poor responder patients, however, a consensus upon which is the most beneficial has not been yet reached. DuoStim is the most promising approach to increase the number of oocytes collected in a single ovarian cycle; however, more embryological and clinical data is required, as well as an analysis of its cost-effectiveness.
Trends in Gender-affirming Surgery in Insured Patients in the United States
Authors: Lane Megan , Ives Graham C. , Sluiter Emily C. , Waljee Jennifer F. , Yao Tsung-Hung , Hu Hsou Mei , Kuzon William M. 
Published: April 2018

Background:
An estimated 0.6% of the U.S. population identifies as transgender and an increasing number of patients are presenting for gender-related medical and surgical services. Utilization of health care services, especially surgical services, by transgender patients is poorly understood beyond survey-based studies. In this article, our aim is 2-fold; first, we intend to demonstrate the utilization of datasets generated by insurance claims data as a means of analyzing gender-related health services, and second, we use this modality to provide basic demographic, utilization, and outcomes data about the insured transgender population.

Methods:
The Truven MarketScan Database, containing data from 2009 to 2015, was utilized, and a sample set was created using the Gender Identity Disorder diagnosis code. Basic demographic information and utilization of gender-affirming procedures was tabulated.

Results:
We identified 7,905 transgender patients, 1,047 of which underwent surgical procedures from 2009 to 2015. Our demographic results were consistent with previous survey-based studies, suggesting transgender patients are on average young adults (average age = 29.8), and geographically diverse. The most common procedure from 2009 to 2015 was mastectomy. Complications of all gender-affirming procedures was 5.8%, with the highest rate of complications occurring with phalloplasty. There was a marked year-by-year increase in utilization of surgical services.

Conclusion:
Transgender care and gender confirming surgery are an increasing component of health care in the United States. The data contained in existing databases can provide demographic, utilization, and outcomes data relevant to providers caring for the transgender patient population.