bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prostate cancer‐specific anxiety and the resulting health‐related quality of life in couples
Authors: Chien Ching‐Hui , Chuang Cheng‐Keng , Liu Kuan‐Lin , Pang See‐Tong , Wu Chun‐Te , Chang Ying‐Hsu 
Published: August 2018

AbstractAimsTo explore health‐related quality of life (HRQOL) and its individual or mutual influences in people with prostate cancer and their spouses.BackgroundFew studies have explored the influence of prostate cancer‐specific anxiety of these people and their spouses on their individual or mutual HRQOL.DesignRepeated‐measures design.MethodsData on 48 dyadic of people and their spouses were collected from August 2015 ‐ December 2016. Before the people’ treatment for prostate cancer, the first data collection occurred for the people and their spouses. The second to fifth data collections were conducted 6, 10, 18, and 24 weeks after the initial measurement. The variables concerned health status, marital satisfaction, positive affect, negative affect, prostate cancer‐specific anxiety, and HRQOL. The Actor‐Partner‐Interdependence Model was adopted for data analysis.ResultsThe people who had better physical HRQOL were those with good self‐reported health status, higher positive affect and lower prostate cancer‐specific anxiety. Better physical HRQOL was observed in the spouses who had good self‐reported health status and had lower prostate cancer‐specific anxiety. The people with localized cancer stages and lower negative affect had a better mental HRQOL. Better mental HRQOL was detected in spouses who had higher marital satisfaction, higher positive affect and lower negative affect.ConclusionNurses can improve the HRQOL of people and their spouses by implementing activities that promote health and energy and reduce stress and by administering a mindfulness intervention.
The relationship among illness perception, coping and functional exercise adherence in Chinese breast cancer survivors
Authors: Lan Maolin , Zhang Lijuan , Zhang Yuening , Yan Jun 
Published: August 2018

AbstractAimsTo explore functional exercise adherence, coping styles, and illness perception and to examine the relationships between functional exercise adherence and coping styles with illness perception among Chinese breast cancer survivors.BackgroundAlthough the relationships between functional exercise adherence with coping styles and illness perception have been examined in people with various chronic illnesses, breast cancer has not yet been included.DesignA cross‐sectional descriptive correlational design was employed.MethodsFrom September 2016 ‐ January 2017, 124 breast cancer survivors completed a survey that assessed their illness perception, coping style, functional exercise adherence and, demographic and illness‐related characteristics. Multiple linear regression analyzes were employed to examine the relationship of demographic and illness‐related variables and illness perception to coping style and functional exercise adherence.ResultsOur respondents tended more to adopt avoidance and resignation coping styles, and showed better functional exercise adherence than respondents in a previous Chinese study. Multiple linear regression analyzes showed that confrontation was associated with treatment control and emotional representation and that avoidance was related to personal control and age at first labour, while resignation was related to timeline acute/chronic, timeline cyclical, and consequence. As for functional exercise adherence, adherence to functional exercise was related to personal control and marital status, while adherence to actively seeking advice was associated with marital status, treatment control, and employment.ConclusionsThese results imply that interventions that improve illness perceptions may lead to more positive coping styles and better functional exercise adherence and should thus be explored.
A weight‐related growth mindset increases negative attitudes toward obese people
Authors: Hooper Nic , Crumpton Alison , Robinson Michael D. , Meier Brian P. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractIn implicit personality theory, people with entity views or a fixed mindset perceive characteristics (e.g., intelligence) as uncontrollable, whereas people with incremental views or a growth mindset perceive characteristics as controllable. In addition to other benefits, the literature sometimes suggests that having a growth mindset will protect against prejudice, which the current two studies examine in terms of negative attitudes toward obese people. Participants (total N = 501) were randomly assigned to complete a questionnaire assessing attitudes toward an obese or nonobese person and a self‐theory questionnaire also assessed ideas about body weight. People with a growth mindset, and not fixed mindset, were more likely to have negative attitudes toward obese individuals, pointing to a potential downside of growth mindset in the obesity domain.
The influences of contextualized media on students' science attitudes, knowledge, and argumentation learning through online game‐based activities
Authors: Lin Yu‐Ren 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe present study defined three levels of contextualized media and investigated their influences on students' science attitudes, comprehension, and argumentation. To achieve the purpose, an online game‐based science argumentation (OGSA) program was developed for the experiments (N = 148). The OGSA included three versions for student argumentation regarding the use of contextualized medias: the mildly, moderately, and highly contextualized medias. For each version, the students had to play two types of games, find‐the‐fault and find‐the‐difference games, to complete one topic of argumentation learning. We found that the highly contextualized group students had the best performances of their science learning and argumentation. However, to produce highly contextualized media was a time‐consuming task although it provided the students with contextualization cues to connect the learning to their prior knowledge.
Secretion of heat shock ‐60, ‐70 kD protein, IL‐1β and TNFα levels in serum of a term normal pregnancy and patients with pre‐eclampsia development
Authors: Álvarez‐Cabrera María C. , Barrientos‐Galeana Edgar , Barrera‐García Asyadette , Osorio‐Caballero Mauricio , Acevedo Jesús F. , Flores‐Herrera Oscar , Díaz Néstor F. , Molina‐Hernández Anayansí , García‐López Guadalupe , Flores‐Herrera Héctor 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe extracellular heat shock proteins (eHsp) family act as molecular chaperones regulating folding, transporting protein and are associated with immune modulation in different physiological and pathological processes. They have been localized in different gestational tissues and their concentration in amniotic fluid and serum has been determined. In the present study, we proposed to determine the concentration of eHsp‐60, ‐70, IL‐1β and TNFα in the serum of pregnant patients with 34 weeks of gestation with and without clinical evidences of preeclampsia (PE). Our results indicate significant increase of these markers in patients with PE with respect to healthy pregnant patients without active labor. Finally, the concentration of eHsp‐60 and ‐70 correlated positively with the hepatic dysfunction markers uric acid, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT), and inflammatory IL‐1β and TNFα response. In conclusion, our results demonstrate a strong associated between Hsp and marker of hepatic dysfunction.
Association between periodontal condition and the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus—Results from a 15‐year follow‐up study
Authors: Myllymäki Ville , Saxlin Tuomas , Knuuttila Matti , Rajala Ulla , Keinänen‐Kiukaanniemi Sirkka , Anttila Sirpa , Ylöstalo Pekka 
Published: August 2018

AbstractAimTo study whether periodontal condition is associated with the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).Materials and MethodsA population‐based follow‐up study was conducted among persons born in 1935 and living in the city of Oulu, Finland (n = 395). The baseline examinations were done during 1990–1992, and the follow‐up examinations were done during 2007–2008. The data were gathered by questionnaires, laboratory tests and clinical measurements. Poisson regression models were used in the data analyses.ResultsThe adjusted rate ratios (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) for the incident T2DM among subjects with 4–5 mm deep periodontal pockets (n = 98), among subjects with 6 mm deep or deeper periodontal pockets (n = 91), and among edentulous subjects (n = 118) were 1.32 (95% CI: 0.69–2.53), 1.56 (95% CI: 0.84–2.92) and 1.00 (95% CI: 0.53–1.89), respectively, compared to dentate subjects without deepened (4 mm deep or deeper) periodontal pockets (n = 88). The adjusted RR per site (the number of sites with deepened periodontal pockets as a continuous variable) was 1.02 (95% CI: 1.00–1.04).ConclusionsPoor periodontal condition may be a predictor of the development of T2DM. However, the causality between periodontal condition and the development of T2DM remains uncertain.
A randomized controlled study comparing guided bone regeneration with connective tissue graft to re‐establish convexity at the buccal aspect of single implants: A one‐year CBCT analysis
Authors: De Bruyckere Thomas , Eeckhout Célien , Eghbali Aryan , Younes Faris , Vandekerckhove Paulien , Cleymaet Roberto , Cosyn Jan 
Published: August 2018

AbstractAimTo compare guided bone regeneration (GBR) with connective tissue graft (CTG) to re‐establish convexity at the buccal aspect of single implants.Materials and methodsPatients with a single tooth gap in the anterior maxilla and horizontal alveolar defect were enrolled in a single‐blind randomized controlled trial. Sites had to demonstrate buccopalatal bone dimension of at least 6 mm prior to surgery to ensure complete embedding of an implant without the need for bone augmentation. All received a single implant and were randomly allocated to the control group (GBR) or the test group (CTG). Cross‐sectional CBCT images at t0 (before surgery), t1 (2 weeks after surgery) and t2 (1 year after surgery) were used to evaluate the buccal soft tissue profile (BSP). Secondary outcome variables were buccal bone thickness (BB), buccal soft tissue thickness (BST), vertical bone loss (VBL) and clinical parameters.ResultsTwenty‐one patients were included per group (control: 11 females, mean age: 51; test: nine females, mean age: 48). At t2, a significant increase in BSP between 0.7 and 1.5 mm was observed in each group (p ≤ 0.010). There was no significant difference between the groups at 1 year (p ≥ 0.126). The increase in BSP in the control group was basically the result of BB gain ranging from 0.69 to 1.15 mm. BSP gain in the test group was the result of an increase in BST ranging from 0.67 to 1.38 mm. VBL did not differ significantly between the groups (p ≥ 0.644). Implants demonstrated healthy clinical conditions with no significant differences between the groups for any of the parameters (p ≥ 0.095).ConclusionWithin the limitations of superimposed CBCT images, GBR and CTG are effective to re‐establish convexity at the buccal aspect of single implants in the short term.
Sex differences in global and local connectivity of adolescent posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms
Authors: Cao Xing , Wang Li , Cao Chengqi , Fang Ruojiao , Chen Chen , Hall Brain J. , Elhai Jon D. 
Published: August 2018

BackgroundSex differences in youth's posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptomatology have not been well studied.MethodsBased on a recently burgeoning theory of psychopathology networks, this study conducted sex comparisons of global and local connectivity of PTSD symptoms in a sample of 868 disaster‐exposed adolescents (57.0% girls; a mean age of 13.4 ± 0.8 years) with significant PTSD symptomatology evaluated by the UCLA PTSD Reaction Index forDSM‐IV.ResultsThe results revealed that global connectivity was stronger in girls’ network than in boys’, and individual symptoms’ connectivity and its rankings differed by sex. Intrusive recollections, flashbacks, avoiding activities/people, and detachment were the most strongly connected symptoms in girls, whereas flashbacks, physiological cue reactivity, diminished interest, and foreshortened future were the most strongly connected symptoms in boys. Several symptoms were identified as featuring large connectivity differences across sex.ConclusionsThese findings provide novel insights into sex differential risk and features of youth's PTSD symptomatology. Sex differences reflected in the co‐occurrence of PTSD symptoms may merit more consideration in research and clinical practice.
Synthesis of isoamyl acetate by ultrasonic system using Candida antarctica lipase B immobilized in polyurethane
Authors: Nyari Nádia , Paulazzi Alessandro , Zamadei Raquel , Steffens Clarice , Zabot Giovani Leone , Tres Marcus Vinícius , Zeni Jamile , Venquiaruto Luciana , Dallago Rogério Marcos 
Published: August 2018

AbstractSynthesis of isoamyl acetate by mechanical and ultrasonic solvent‐free agitations using Candida antarctica lipase B (CALB) as biocatalyst immobilized in polyurethane was studied. Temperature (24.8–75.2 °C), ultrasonic power (35–123 W; only in ultrasonic system) and molar ratio of substrates (1:3.64–1:10.36) were the parameters evaluated. The responses taken into account were the acetic acid conversion in the esterification reaction (21–95%) and the residual conversion of substrates after successive reuse cycles of CALB. Ultrasonic system was advantageous because the substrate conversions into isoamyl acetate were reached six times earlier than in mechanical system. An increase in the temperature and ultrasonic power and a reduction in acetic acid : isoamyl alcohol ratio favored an increase in conversion yields. CALB used in ultrasonic reactions maintained more than 60% of its residual activity after 27 reuse cycles, which was more than thrice (eight reuse cycles) when using CALB in mechanical reactions.Practical applicationsThe practical uses of isoamyl acetate are mainly as a food additive and as a solvent in the aircraft industry. In food‐related areas, this ester is used to confer characteristics such as banana (or pear) smell and flavor in foods and beverages. It has a pleasant odor and low toxicity, which encourages its widespread use in different receipts, including in the formulation of beers.
The effect of nano‐SiO2 on the physicochemical and structural properties of gelatin‐polyvinyl alcohol composite films
Authors: Kariminejad Mohaddeseh , Sadeghi Ehsan , Rouhi Milad , Mohammadi Reza , Askari Fatemeh , Taghizadeh Masoumeh , Moradi Shirin 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThis study investigated the effects of nano‐silicon dioxide (nano‐SiO2) (0%, 0.5%, 1%, and 1.5%) and the ratio of PVA/gelatin (1:1 and 2:1) on the physicochemical and structural properties of gelatin/polyvinyl alcohol composite films. The results showed that the highest value of tensile strength (18.05 MPa) was found for a PVA/gelatin ratio of 2:1 and 1% nano‐SiO2 (P2:G1‐1%). The films’ elongation at break value increased with increases in the nano‐SiO2 and PVA content, while their water solubility decreased with the addition of nano‐SiO2. Their water vapor permeability decreased with 1% nano‐SiO2, and the lowest value for water vapor permeability was with P2:G1‐1%. Fourier transform infrared and differential scanning calorimetry results showed that appropriate interaction between both polymers and nano‐SiO2 was found with P2:G1‐1%. Scanning electron microscopy illustrated a compact structure and good compatibility of nano‐SiO2 with gelatin in P1:G1‐1% film. X‐ray diffraction results showed that the crystallization peak intensity of P2:G1‐1% was higher than that of P1:G1‐1% nanocomposite films. Overall, the results indicated that the concentration of 1% of nano‐SiO2 in P2:G1 films significantly improved the films’ physicochemical and structural properties. These results suggest that they could be useful as food‐packaging materials to maintain food quality.Practical applicationGelatin films possess properties that make them useful in packaging, such as water vapor resistance and low values for mechanical properties. PVA as a synthetic polymer, have good tensile strength asz and biodegradability along with high numbers of hydrophilic groups. PVA has also been used in many biomaterial applications. Some advantages of nanomaterials such as silica nanoparticle are high mechanical strength, biocompatibility, and biodegradability. In the present study, nano‐SiO2 was used in films blended from PVA and gelatin. The improved physicochemical and structural properties achieved through the use of nano‐SiO2 could make the films more effective as food packaging.
Transdisciplinary Development of a Life Cycle–Based Approach to Measure and Communicate Waste Prevention Effects in Local Authorities
Authors: Hutner Petra , Helbig Christoph , Stindt Dennis , Thorenz Andrea , Tuma Axel 
Published: August 2018

SummaryAlthough waste prevention was promoted as the first priority for all EU member states in 2008, the actual implementation of activities has thus far been hesitant. Empirical evidence indicates that the reasons for this neglect include the limited measurability of waste prevention effects and the consequential lack of awareness, motivation, and incentive systems. Our research aims to quantify waste prevention and its environmental impacts and, ultimately, to motivate the efficient implementation of waste prevention concepts by a target‐group‐specific communication of the results.Embedded in a transdisciplinary research setting in close cooperation with practitioners, we develop a life cycle–based approach to calculate the effects of waste prevention in local authorities. This approach features an activity‐based analysis that facilitates the assessment of both reduction of waste generated and the related environmental effects. The methodology of life cycle assessment, used to calculate environmental impacts, is adapted to the specific requirements and constitutes an essential step in our measurement approach.Finally, we demonstrate the application of this approach. Five activities deriving from real‐world case studies are assessed. These case studies simulate the implementation of waste prevention in a mid‐sized German city. We are able to reveal potential waste reduction of 74% and potential reduction of other environmental impacts ranging from 28% to 62% of the targeted material streams.
The importance of muscle architecture in biomechanical reconstructions of extinct animals: a case study using Tyrannosaurus rex
Authors: Bates Karl T. , Falkingham Peter L. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractFunctional reconstructions of extinct animals represent a crucial step towards understanding palaeocological interactions, selective pressures and macroevolutionary patterns in the fossil record. In recent years, computational approaches have revolutionised the field of ‘evolutionary biomechanics’ and have, in general, resulted in convergence of quantitative estimates of performance on increasingly narrow ranges for well studied taxa. Studies of body mass and locomotor performance of Tyrannosaurus rex – arguably the most intensively studied extinct animal – typify this pattern, with numerous independent studies predicting similar body masses and maximum locomotor speeds for this animal. In stark contrast to this trend, recent estimates of maximum bite force in T. rex vary considerably (> 50%) despite use of similar quantitative methodologies. Herein we demonstrate that the mechanistic causes of these disparate predictions are indicative of important and underappreciated limiting factors in biomechanical reconstructions of extinct organisms. Detailed comparison of previous models of T. rex bite force reveals that estimations of muscle fibre lengths and architecture are the principal source of disagreement between studies, and therefore that these parameters represents the greatest source of uncertainty in these reconstructions, and potentially therefore extinct animals generally. To address the issue of fibre length and architecture estimation in extinct animals we present data tabulated from the literature of muscle architecture from over 1100 muscles measured in extant terrestrial animals. Application of this dataset in a reanalysis of T. rex bite force emphasises the need for more data on jaw musculature from living carnivorous animals, alongside increased sophistication of modelling approaches. In the latter respect we predict that implementing limits on skeletal loading into musculoskeletal models will narrow predictions for T. rex bite force by excluding higher‐end estimates.
Factors associated with midwives’ job satisfaction and intention to stay in the profession: An integrative review
Authors: Bloxsome Dianne , Ireson Deborah , Doleman Gemma , Bayes Sara 
Published: August 2018

AbstractAims and objectivesTo conduct an integrative review of the factors associated with why midwives stay in midwifery.BackgroundMidwifery retention and attrition are globally acknowledged as an issue. However, little is known as to why midwives stay in midwifery as the focus has previously focussed on why they leave.DesignA structured six‐step integrative review approach was used, and this involved the development of a search strategy, study selection and critical appraisal, data abstraction and synthesis, interpretation of findings and recommendations for future practice.MethodsThe review was conducted using the databasesMEDLINE,CINAHLand PsychInfo. Included studies were in the English language with an unlimited publication date.ResultsSix studies were included in this review: one qualitative, two quantitative and three using mixed methods. Seven themes emerged from synthesisation of the data reported for the six included studies that together help answer the question of why midwives stay in midwifery.ConclusionThis integrative review has highlighted some important factors that assist in answering the question why midwives stay in midwifery. However, it has also highlighted the need for quality data that reflects the range of contexts in which midwifery is practised.Relevance to clinical practiceThere is an abundance of literature focussing on why midwives leave the profession; however, the gap exists in the reasons why midwives stay. If we can uncover this important detail, then changes within the profession can begin to be implemented, addressing the shortage of midwives issue that has been seen globally for a large number of years.