bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
THE MAZE: Gamifying the concept of identity
Authors: Hurtado Torres Daniel , Gil Duran Núria , Aguilar Paredes Carlos 
Published: July 2019

El presente trabajo expone el proceso de diseño, implementación y evaluación de la unidad didáctica «The Maze: Nosotros y ellos», elaborada por miembros del grupo de investigación DHiGeCs de la Universidad de Barcelona. Se trata de una aplicación basada en la Gamificación como estrategia didáctica y cuyos núcleos temáticos son la identidad y la diferencia, orientada a la asignatura de Ciencias Sociales y al trabajo de la competencia social y ciudadana. Su desarrollo ha requerido la reinterpretación de materiales históricos desde la óptica del juego, invitando a la reflexión y al debate sobre el «Nosotros y ellos», desde un punto de vista cohesionador, cívico y tolerante con la diversidad. Con el Learning Management System llamado Classcraft como recurso adicional, se han incorporado elementos de juego a las actividades propias de la práctica educativa, con los que el alumnado interactúa a través de avatares personalizados. El aprendizaje significativo que se consigue “dentro del laberinto” es destacable por la emoción y el entusiasmo de seguir las normas del juego. La investigación evaluativa realizada en diferentes centros de educación secundaria ha ofrecido unos resultados satisfactorios, destacando un incremento en la motivación y el compromiso, tanto por parte del alumnado como del profesorado implicado.
The current work shows the design process, implementation and evaluation of the didactic unit "The Maze: Us and them", developed by members of the research group DHiGeCs of the Universidad de Barcelona. This is an implementation based on Gamification as a didactic strategy, whose thematic core are identity and difference, oriented to the Social Sciences subject and the work of social and civil competency. Its development has required to reinterpret historical materials from the point of view of the game, leading to think and debate about "Us and them", from a cohesive, tolerant with diversity and civic approach. With the Learning Management System called Classcraft as additional resource, game elements have complemented the educational practice activities, with which the students interact through personalized avatars.The significant learning acquired "inside the labyrinth" is remarkable by the excitement and enthusiasm to follow the rules of the game. The evaluation research carried out in different secondary schools has offered satisfactory results, highlighting an increase in motivation and commitment both by the students and the teachers involved.
Studies of the Nutritional, Environmental Effects and Repressive Nature of Simple Sugars on the Production of endo-β-mannanase by Aspergillus flavus PT7 on Solid State Fermentation
Authors: Anita Ukponobong E. , Stephen Nsikak U. , Onilude Abiodun A. , Ibanga Inimfon A. 
Published: July 2019

Aims: The importance of nutritional and environmental factors in the production of microbial enzymes cannot be overemphasized. Hence, endo-β-mannanase production was systematically studied in a step-wise approach of building up on the experimentally observed conditions favouring the production of this enzyme in Aspergillus flavus PT7.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Microbiology, University of Ibadan, Nigeria, between January 2018 and December 2018.
Methodology: Thirty-eight (38) fungal isolates obtained were screened for mannolytic ability using standard method. The highest producer of endo-β-mannasase was subjected to various production conditions by adjusting the nutritional and environmental factors in view of optimizing the production of this enzyme in the isolate Aspergillus flavus PT7.
Results: Copra meal was the highest inducer of mannanase production in the isolate at enzyme activity of 85.86±3.93 U/gds. Production increased to 94.54±0.42 when all forms of extraneous nitrogen sources were excluded from the production medium. pH 5.0, temperature 30°C, moisture content at 100% v/w and inoculum size of 8.0% v/w led to the increase in production by 44% (enzyme activity of 153.24±5.69 U/gds) in 5 days of incubation. Allowing the production set up additional two (2) days led to production increase with a recorded enzyme activity of 170.34±4.35 U/gds. Production of endo-β-mannanase in A. flavus PT7 was observed to be inductive as the presence of simple sugars like glucose, galactose, arabinose and xylose led to extended lag period in the production of the enzymes by the isolate.
Conclusion: Production of endo-β-mannanase by Aspergillus flavus PT7 was successfully optimized in a step-wise and systematic experimental study of the nutritional and environmental growth conditions of the isolate.
Presenteeism as a predictor of disability pension: A prospective study among nursing professionals and care assistants in Sweden
Authors: Gustafsson Klas , Bergström Gunnar , Marklund Staffan , Aboagye Emmanuel , Leineweber Constanze 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Objectives
The aim of the present study was to examine how presenteeism affects the risk of future disability pension among nursing professionals and care assistants (assistant nurses, hospital ward assistants, home-based personal care workers, and child care assistants). A specific objective was to compare health and social care employees with all other occupations.

Methods
The study was based on a representative sample of working women and men (n = 43 682) aged 16-64 years, who had been interviewed between 2001 and 2013 for the Swedish Work Environment Survey conducted every second year since 1989. Information on disability pension was obtained from the Social Insurance Agency’s database (2002-2014). The studied predictors were related to disability pension using Cox’s proportional hazard regression with hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) and selected confounders were controlled for. The follow-up period was 6.7 years (SD 4.2).

Results
Health and social care employees with frequent presenteeism showed a particularly elevated risk of future disability pension after adjusting for sex, sociodemographic variables, physical and psychosocial working conditions, and self-rated health symptoms. In the amalgamated occupational group of nursing professionals and care assistants, the impact on disability pension of having engaged in presenteeism four times or more during the prior year remained significant (HR = 3.72, 95% CI = 2.43-5.68).

Conclusions
The study suggests that frequent presenteeism contributes to an increased risk of disability pension among nursing professionals and care assistants as well as among all other occupations.
Parathyroid hormone‐like hormone plays a dual role in neuroblastoma depending on PTH1R expression
Authors: García Marta , Rodríguez‐Hernández Carlos Javier , Mateo‐Lozano Silvia , Pérez‐Jaume Sara , Gonçalves‐Alves Eliana , Lavarino Cinzia , Mora Jaume , de Torres Carmen 
Published: July 2019

We have previously reported the expression of parathyroid hormone‐like hormone (PTHLH) in well‐differentiated, Schwannian stroma‐rich neuroblastic tumors. The aim of this study was to functionally assess the role of PTHLH and its receptor, PTH1R, in neuroblastoma. Stable knockdown of PTHLH and PTH1R was conducted in neuroblastoma cell lines to investigate the succeeding phenotype induced both in vitro and in vivo. Downregulation of PTHLH reduced MYCN expression and subsequently induced cell cycle arrest, senescence, and migration and invasion impairment in a MYCN‐amplified, TP53‐mutated neuroblastoma cell line. These phenotypes were associated with reduced tumorigenicity in a murine model. We also show that PTHLH expression is not under the control of the calcium‐sensing receptor in neuroblastoma. Conversely, its production is stimulated by epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). Accordingly, irreversible EGFR inhibition with canertinib abolished PTHLH expression. The oncogenic role of PTHLH appeared to be a consequence of its intracrine function, as downregulation of its receptor, PTH1R, increased anchorage‐independent growth and induced a more undifferentiated, invasive phenotype. Respectively, high PTH1R mRNA expression was found in MYCN nonamplified primary tumors and also significantly associated with other prognostic factors of good outcome. This study provides the first evidence of the dual role of PTHLH in the behavior of neuroblastomas. Moreover, the identification of EGFR as a transcriptional regulator of PTHLH in neuroblastoma provides a novel therapeutic opportunity to promote a less aggressive tumor phenotype through irreversible inhibition of EGFR tyrosine kinase activity.
Self‐Templated Conversion of Metallogel into Heterostructured TMP@Carbon Quasiaerogels Boosting Bifunctional Electrocatalysis
Authors: Guo Hele , Feng Qichun , Xu Kaiwen , Xu Jingsan , Zhu Jixin , Zhang Chao , Liu Tianxi 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIntegration of nanostructured electrocatalysts into a 3D ordered assembly is beneficial for boosting their catalytic performance across various energy conversion applications. In this work, a self‐templated carbonization strategy for synthesizing heterostructures of transition metal phosphide@nitrogen/phosphorus dual‐doped carbon quasiaerogels (TMP@NPCA) is presented using a rationally designed precursor of a metallogel with Zn/M (M = Co, Fe, and Ni) bimetallic clusters (BMOG) and nitrogen/phosphorus chelate ligands. During the self‐templated carbonization, the Zn ions among the BMOG boost a simultaneous catalytic carbonization and activation process of the resultant TMP@NPCA, whereas the M ions offer a versatile self‐phosphating preparation of TMP nanoparticles (e.g., CoP, FeP, and Ni2P) within the TMP@NPCA. As a proof of concept, the TMP@NPCA catalysts deliver an excellent bifunctional catalytic activity and outstanding stability toward the oxygen reduction reaction and hydrogen evolution reaction, offering competitive advantages to achieve supreme bifunctional catalysis performance over the state‐of‐the‐art TMP catalysts for renewable energy conversion systems.
A Wearable Paper‐Based Sweat Sensor for Human Perspiration Monitoring
Authors: Parrilla Marc , Guinovart Tomàs , Ferré Jordi , Blondeau Pascal , Andrade Francisco J. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe fabrication and performance of a wearable paper‐based chemiresistor for monitoring perspiration dynamics (sweat rate and sweat loss) are detailed. A novel approach is introduced to measure the amount of aqueous solution in the order of microliters delivered to the sensor by monitoring a linear change in resistance along a conducting paper. The wearable sensor is based on a single‐walled carbon nanotubes and surfactant (sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate) nanocomposite integrated within cellulose fibers of a conventional filter paper. The analytical performance and the sensing mechanism are presented. Monitoring sweat loss in the human body while exercising is demonstrated using the integration of a wireless reader and a user‐friendly interface. By addressing the barriers of cost, simplicity, and the truly in situ demanding measurements, this unique wearable sensor is expected to serve in the future in many different applications involving the on‐body detection of biofluids, such as a monitoring tool of dehydration levels for athletes as well as a tool for enhancing the sport performance by providing an accurate recovery of the hydration status in daily exercises.
Investigation of Electrode Electrochemical Reactions in CH3NH3PbBr3 Perovskite Single‐Crystal Field‐Effect Transistors
Authors: Wang Junzhan , Senanayak Satyaprasad P. , Liu Jie , Hu Yuanyuan , Shi Yanjun , Li Zelun , Zhang Caixin , Yang Bingyan , Jiang Longfeng , Di Dawei , Ievlev Anton V. , Ovchinnikova Olga S. , Ding Tao , Deng Huixiong , Tang Liming , Guo Yunlong , Wang Jianpu , Xiao Kai , Venkateshvaran Deepak , Jiang Lang , Zhu Daoben , Sirringhaus Henning 
Published: July 2019

AbstractOptoelectronic devices based on metal halide perovskites, including solar cells and light‐emitting diodes, have attracted tremendous research attention globally in the last decade. Due to their potential to achieve high carrier mobilities, organic–inorganic hybrid perovskite materials can enable high‐performance, solution‐processed field‐effect transistors (FETs) for next‐generation, low‐cost, flexible electronic circuits and displays. However, the performance of perovskite FETs is hampered predominantly by device instabilities, whose origin remains poorly understood. Here, perovskite single‐crystal FETs based on methylammonium lead bromide are studied and device instabilities due to electrochemical reactions at the interface between the perovskite and gold source–drain top contacts are investigated. Despite forming the contacts by a gentle, soft lamination method, evidence is found that even at such “ideal” interfaces, a defective, intermixed layer is formed at the interface upon biasing of the device. Using a bottom‐contact, bottom‐gate architecture, it is shown that it is possible to minimize such a reaction through a chemical modification of the electrodes, and this enables fabrication of perovskite single‐crystal FETs with high mobility of up to ≈15 cm2 V−1 s−1 at 80 K. This work addresses one of the key challenges toward the realization of high‐performance solution‐processed perovskite FETs.
Rational Design of a Coupled Confronting Z‐Scheme System Toward Photocatalytic Refractory Pollutant Degradation and Water Splitting Reaction
Authors: Kandi Debasmita , Sahoo Dipti Prava , Martha Satyabadi , Parida Kulamani 
Published: July 2019

AbstractFabricating competent nanoarchitecture photocatalytic systems with desired band edge potential is crucial for effective charge separation that manifolds photocatalytic action. Here, a prototype pristine rational design of all‐solid‐state coupled confronting Z‐scheme (CCZ) system is synthesized by coprecipitation and hydrothermal method. This proof of concept comprises BiVO4 (B) and MgAl layered double hydroxide (L) as photosystem II (PS‐II) whereas CdS quantum dots (QDs, C) as photosystem I (PS‐I). CdS QDs trigger H2 production that subsequently boosts O2 production at PS‐II. Furthermore, this rare CCZ system shows tremendous performance in methyl orange (MO) and tetracycline (TC) degradation. The prepared Z‐scheme photocatalysts are capable of generating 17 350 and 33 000 µmol h−1 g−1 of O2 and H2 under UV light irradiation, which correspond to apparent conversion efficiency of 7.22% and 13.73%, respectively. The catalyst is able to degrade, respectively, 92% and 51% of 20 mg L−1 TC and MO in 1 h. Maximum accessibility of charge carriers at final charge‐separated state appears to be the basic cause in driving the photocatalytic activity efficiently. In spite of their various morphologies, synergistic interaction among C, B, and L can be effectively utilized to trigger various photocatalytic reactions.
High‐Performance Reflective Electrochromic Device by Integrating White Reflector and High Optical Density Electrochromic System
Authors: Ko Ik Jang , Park Jin Hwan , Kim Gyeong Woo , Lampande Raju , Kwon Jang Hyuk 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThis paper reports an efficient reflective electrochromic device (ECD) by integrating a highly reflective micro‐porous titanium dioxide–based white reflector film and an optimized transparent to black convertible electrochromic (EC) system. This reflective ECD can reflect almost 58.5% of light in the white state and 4.7% in the dark black state at 550 nm. Similarly, it also exhibits a very high ambient contrast ratio of 38:1 under office ambient light condition and good driving stability of about 83% in the white state (0 V) and 98% in the black state (1.7 V) after 10 000 driving cycles. In addition, the EC system is optimized by selecting good proton generator and suitable solvent for better coloration property as well as a low driving voltage via lactone ring opening reaction of leuco dye and supporting polymer for high optical density through suppressing the movement of oxidized leuco dye to the electrode. An ECD with the optimized EC system shows significant improvement in average optical density from 0.62 to 1.9 (at 400 to 700 nm) and faster switching speeds of about 1.6 s.
Understanding Performance Degradation in Cation‐Disordered Rock‐Salt Oxide Cathodes
Authors: Chen Dongchang , Kan Wang Hay , Chen Guoying 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe collective redox activities of transition‐metal (TM) cations and oxygen anions have been shown to increase charge storage capacity in both Li‐rich layered and cation‐disordered rock‐salt cathodes. Repeated cycling involving anionic redox is known to trigger TM migration and phase transformation in layered Li‐ and Mn‐rich (LMR) oxides, however, detailed mechanistic understanding on the recently discovered Li‐rich rock‐salt cathodes is largely missing. The present study systematically investigates the effect of oxygen redox on a Li1.3Nb0.3Mn0.4O2 cathode and demonstrates that performance deterioration is directly correlated to the extent of oxygen redox. It is shown that voltage fade and hysteresis begin only after initiating anionic redox at high voltages, which grows progressively with either deeper oxidation of oxygen at higher potential or extended cycling. In contrast to what is reported on layered LMR oxides, extensive TM reduction is observed but phase transition is not detected in the cycled oxide. A densification/degradation mechanism is proposed accordingly which elucidates how a unique combination of extensive chemical reduction of TM and reduced quality of the Li percolation network in cation‐disordered rock‐salts can lead to performance degradation in these newer cathodes with 3D Li migration pathways. Design strategies to achieve balanced capacity and stability are also discussed.
Freezing resistance, safety margins, and survival vary among big sagebrush populations across the western United States
Authors: Lazarus Brynne E. , Germino Matthew J. , Richardson Bryce A. 
Published: July 2019

PremisePhysiological responses to temperature extremes are considered strong drivers of species’ demographic responses to climate variability. Plants are typically classified as either avoiders or tolerators in their freezing‐resistance mechanism, but a gradient of physiological‐threshold freezing responses may exist among individuals of a species. Moreover, adaptive significance of physiological freezing responses is poorly characterized, particularly under warming conditions that relax selection on cold hardiness.MethodsFreezing responses were measured in winter and again for new foliage in spring for 14 populations of Artemisia tridentata collected throughout its range and planted in a warm common garden. The relationships of the freezing responses to survival were evaluated in the warm garden and in two colder gardens.ResultsWinter and spring freezing resistance were not correlated and appeared to be under differing selection regimes, as evident in correlations with different population climate of origin variables. All populations resisted considerably lower temperatures in winter than in spring, with populations from more continental climates showing narrower freezing safety margins (difference in temperatures at which ice‐nucleation occurs and 50% reduction in chlorophyll fluorescence occurs) in spring. Populations with greater winter freezing resistance had lower survivorship in the warmest garden, while populations with greater spring freezing resistance had lower survivorship in a colder garden.ConclusionsThese survivorship patterns relative to physiological thresholds suggest excess freezing resistance may incur a survival cost that likely relates to a trade‐off between carbon gain and freezing resistance during critical periods of moisture availability. This cost has implications for seed moved from cooler to warmer environments and for plants growing in warming environments.
Mutational landscape of patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia at diagnosis and relapse
Authors: Iaccarino Licia , Ottone Tiziana , Alfonso Valentina , Cicconi Laura , Divona Mariadomenica , Lavorgna Serena , Travaglini Serena , Ferrantini Aleandra , Falconi Giulia , Baer Constance , Usai Monica , Forghieri Fabio , Venditti Adriano , Del Principe Maria Ilaria , Arcese William , Voso Maria Teresa , Haferlach Torsten , Lo‐Coco Francesco 
Published: July 2019

AbstractDespite the high probability of cure of patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), mechanisms of relapse are still largely unclear. Mutational profiling at diagnosis and/or relapse may help to identify APL patients needing frequent molecular monitoring and early treatment intervention. Using an NGS approach including a 31 myeloid gene‐panel, we tested BM samples of 44 APLs at the time of diagnosis, and of 31 at relapse. Mutations in PML and RARA genes were studied using a customized‐NGS‐RNA panel. Patients relapsing after ATRA‐chemotherapy rarely had additional mutations (P = .009). In patients relapsing after ATRA/ATO, the PML gene was a preferential mutation target. We then evaluated the predictive value of mutations at APL diagnosis. A median of two mutations was detectable in 9/11 patients who later relapsed, vs one mutation in 21/33 patients who remained in CCR (P = .0032). This corresponded to a significantly lower risk of relapse in patients with one or less mutations (HR 0.046; 95% CI 0.011‐0.197; P < .0001). NGS‐analysis at the time of APL diagnosis may inform treatment decisions, including alternative treatments for cases with an unfavorable mutation profile.
Evans syndrome in adults ‐ incidence, prevalence, and survival in a nationwide cohort
Authors: Hansen Dennis Lund , Möller Sören , Andersen Kjeld , Gaist David , Frederiksen Henrik 
Published: July 2019

AbstractPatients with Evans syndrome have both immune thrombocytopenia and autoimmune hemolytic anemia, but little is known about the epidemiology of this rare syndrome. Evans syndrome can be primary or secondary. This nationwide retrospective study linked health registries to identify 242 patients with Evans syndrome in Denmark in 1977‐2017. For comparison, we identified three age‐matched and sex‐matched cohorts of patients with only immune thrombocytopenia or only autoimmune hemolytic anemia, and a general population cohort. The Evans syndrome cohort had a mean age of 58.5 years at diagnosis, 51.2% were women, and 27.3% were classified as secondary Evans syndrome. The annual Evans syndrome incidence and prevalence rose significantly during the study period, to 1.8 per million person‐years and 21.3 per million persons, respectively, in 2016. The median survival with Evans syndrome was 7.2 years (primary Evans syndrome: 10.9 years; secondary Evans syndrome: 1.7 years). Secondary Evans syndrome was associated with higher mortality rates than any of the other cohorts, with a 5‐year survival of 38%. Among patients with Evans syndrome, the prevailing causes of death were bleeding, infections, and hematological cancer. In conclusion, we found that both primary and secondary Evans syndrome conferred a poor prognosis. Lethal complications probably derive primarily from manifestations of underlying autoimmune hemolytic anemia and immune thrombocytopenia. Our findings suggested that suspicion of Evans syndrome should prompt vigilant clinical follow‐up. International collaborations are warranted to advance our knowledge of optimal management of this rare disease.