bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SeDAR: Reading Floorplans Like a Human—Using Deep Learning to Enable Human-Inspired Localisation
Authors: Mendez Oscar , Hadfield Simon , Pugeault Nicolas , Bowden Richard 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The use of human-level semantic information to aid robotic tasks has recently become an important area for both Computer Vision and Robotics. This has been enabled by advances in Deep Learning that allow consistent and robust semantic understanding. Leveraging this semantic vision of the world has allowed human-level understanding to naturally emerge from many different approaches. Particularly, the use of semantic information to aid in localisation and reconstruction has been at the forefront of both fields. Like robots, humans also require the ability to localise within a structure. To aid this, humans have designed high-level semantic maps of our structures called floorplans. We are extremely good at localising in them, even with limited access to the depth information used by robots. This is because we focus on the distribution of semantic elements, rather than geometric ones. Evidence of this is that humans are normally able to localise in a floorplan that has not been scaled properly. In order to grant this ability to robots, it is necessary to use localisation approaches that leverage the same semantic information humans use. In this paper, we present a novel method for semantically enabled global localisation. Our approach relies on the semantic labels present in the floorplan. Deep Learning is leveraged to extract semantic labels from RGB images, which are compared to the floorplan for localisation. While our approach is able to use range measurements if available, we demonstrate that they are unnecessary as we can achieve results comparable to state-of-the-art without them.
Leaf metabolic signatures induced by real and simulated herbivory in black mustard (Brassica nigra)
Authors: Papazian Stefano , Girdwood Tristan , Wessels Bernard A. , Poelman Erik H. , Dicke Marcel , Moritz Thomas , Albrectsen Benedicte R. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Introduction
The oxylipin methyl jasmonate (MeJA) is a plant hormone active in response signalling and defence against herbivores. Although MeJA is applied experimentally to mimic herbivory and induce plant defences, its downstream effects on the plant metabolome are largely uncharacterized, especially in the context of primary growth and tissue-specificity of the response.

Objectives
We investigated the effects of MeJA-simulated and real caterpillar herbivory on the foliar metabolome of the wild plant Brassica nigra and monitored the herbivore-induced responses in relation to leaf ontogeny.

Methods
As single or multiple herbivory treatments, MeJA- and mock-sprayed plants were consecutively exposed to caterpillars or left untreated. Gas chromatography (GC) and liquid chromatography (LC) time-of-flight mass-spectrometry (TOF-MS) were combined to analyse foliar compounds, including central primary and specialized defensive plant metabolites.

Results
Plant responses were stronger in young leaves, which simultaneously induced higher chlorophyll levels. Both MeJA and caterpillar herbivory induced similar, but not identical, accumulation of tricarboxylic acids (TCAs), glucosinolates (GSLs) and phenylpropanoids (PPs), but only caterpillar feeding led to depletion of amino acids. MeJA followed by caterpillars caused higher induction of defence compounds, including a three-fold increase in the major defence compound allyl-GSL (sinigrin). When feeding on MeJA-treated plants, caterpillars gained less weight indicative of the reduced host-plant quality and enhanced resistance.

Conclusions
The metabolomics approach showed that plant responses induced by herbivory extend beyond the regulation of defence metabolism and are tightly modulated throughout leaf development. This leads to a new understanding of the plant metabolic potential that can be exploited for future plant protection strategies.
Treating Depression Mindfully in a Day Hospital: a Randomised Controlled Pilot Study
Authors: Buxton Alice E. , Remmers Carina , Unger Hans-Peter , Plinz Nicole , Michalak Johannes 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Objectives
Recent preliminary evidence suggests that mindfulness-based programmes may be beneficial in the treatment of patients suffering from current depression. Due to the heterogeneity of patients with this diagnosis, a specialisation in treatment concepts for subgroups of patients may be beneficial.

Methods
This randomised controlled pilot study investigated the effectiveness of an eight-week mindfulness-based day hospital treatment for patients with current depression and work-related conflicts (MDT-DH) under naturalistic conditions. Eighty-one currently depressed patients with work-related conflicts were randomly assigned to either MDT-DH (including personalised psychopharmacological treatment if necessary) or a waitlist condition including a psychopharmacological consultation (PCC). Outcomes were assessed at post-treatment and at 8-month follow-up. The primary outcome was depression severity (Beck Depression Inventory) at post-treatment. Secondary outcomes were work ability (Work Ability Index) and mindfulness (Kentucky Inventory of Mindfulness Skills).

Results
A multilevel analysis revealed that compared with patients in PCC, patients in the MDT-DH group showed a greater reduction in depression severity, higher work ability and heightened levels of mindfulness after 8 weeks than patients in the PCC group. These improvements were stable during the 8-month follow-up period.

Conclusions
Findings of the present pilot study suggest that a treatment concept involving intensive training in mindfulness can be successfully established in a day hospital and leads to clinically meaningful reductions in depression severity and increases in work ability in patients suffering from current depression. The generalisability of the findings may be limited due to small sample size, selective patient group and study design.
Glyphosate adsorption by Eucalyptus camaldulensis bark-mediated char and optimization through response surface modeling
Authors: Sen Kamalesh , Datta Jayanta Kumar , Mondal Naba Kumar 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
In this study, orthophosphoric acid-modified activated char was prepared from Eucalyptus camaldulensis bark (EBAC), and used for removing traces of [N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine] (glyphosate) herbicide from aqueous solution. The adsorption capacity was characterized by zero-point-charge pH, surface analysis, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Batch mode experiments were conducted to observe the effects of selected variables, namely dose, contact time, pH, temperature, and initial concentration, on adsorption capacity. Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, and Dubinin–Radushkevich isotherm models were generated to describe the mechanisms involved in the multilayer adsorption process. The results show that high temperature enhanced the adsorption capacity of EBAC, with a temperature of 373 K yielding adsorption capacity (qmax) and Freundlich parameter (KF) of 66.76 mg g−1 and 9.64 (mg g−1) (L mg−1)−n, respectively. The thermodynamics study revealed entropy and enthalpy of −5281.3 J mol−1 and −20.416 J mol−1, respectively. Finally, glyphosate adsorption was optimized by the Box–Behnken model, and optimal conditions were recorded as initial concentration of 20.28 mg L−1, pH 10.18, adsorbent dose of 199.92 mg/50 mL, temperature of 303.23 K, and contact time of 78.42 min, with removal efficiency of 98%. Therefore, it can be suggested that EBAC could be used as an efficient, low-cost adsorbent for removal of glyphosate from aqueous solutions.
Integration of mud logging and wire-line logging to detect overpressure zones: a case study of middle Miocene Kareem Formation in Ashrafi oil field, Gulf of Suez, Egypt
Authors: Abass Ali E. , Teama Mostafa A. , Kassab Mohamed A. , Elnaggar Ahmed A. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe aim of this study is the integration of mud logging and wire-line logging data to detect overpressure zones in Kareem Formation (Middle Miocene), Ashrafi Field, Gulf of Suez, Egypt. The study is performed for the three wells Ash_H_1X_ST2, Ash_I_1X_ST, and Ash_K_1X. The prediction of the abnormal pressure is a quite important factor in the design of the well, where it contributes to avoid many problems during the drilling process and maintain the formation fluids. The abnormal pressure zones occur due to major changes in lithology, petrophysical properties, and fluid type, where these factors lead to differences in pore pressure from hydrostatic pressure, and their prediction is achieved by utilizing rock cuttings, D-exponent, and methane gas; in addition, the porosity and water saturation are estimated from mud logging as real-time data and compared to wire-line logging (resistivity, porosity, and permeability) to determine these zones. The concept of detecting abnormal pressure zones in this study is based on defining the marked changes in the D-exponent trends that arise from the variations of the fluids and the lithology of the Kareem Formation. Therefore, these trends are integrated with the petrophysical parameters such as resistivity, porosity, and permeability from wire-line logging to detect the overpressure zones. So, the overpressure zones are detected in the intercalated sand and shale intervals of the studied wells within the Kareem Formation and are mostly marked by a decrease in the reservoir quality such as permeability, as well as an increase in the resistivity and D-exponent. The thickness of the overpressure zone in Ash_H_1X_ST2 well is influenced by the marl content that reaches up to 80%. The integration results are summarized to determine the average depths of the overpressure zones for the Kareem Formation in the three studied wells. The zone average depths in the Ash_H_1X_ST2 well range from 6022.50 to 6093.30 ft, whereas the zone top is detected in the Ash_I_1X_ST well at the top of the Kareem Formation (6580.00 ft), and the zone bottom at average depth of approximately 6704.20 ft, in addition, the zone average depths in the Ash_K_1X well range from 7718.33 (top) to 7833.33 ft (bottom).
Anti-leishmanial and Anti-inflammatory Agents from Endophytes: A Review
Authors: Toghueo Rufin Marie Kouipou 
Published: September 2019

AbstractLeishmaniases and chronic inflammatory diseases are the cause of millions of deaths in the world each year. The treatment of leishmaniasis is facing serious drawbacks particularly due to the limited number of effective medicines, the resistance, and the toxicity of available drugs. On the other hand, many drugs are used for the management of inflammatory disorders. However, the most commonly prescribed although efficient is highly toxic with multiples side effects. New leads compounds for the development of new anti-leishmanial and anti-inflammatory drugs are needed. Over the past decade, several studies on the potential of endophytes to produce bioactive metabolites have been reported. We are presenting in the present review the status of research from 2000 to 2019 on the anti-leishmanial and anti-inflammatory metabolites isolated from endophytes from diverse habitats. An emphasis was put on existing gaps in the literature to inspire and guide future investigations. We hope that this review will help accelerate the drug discovery against leishmaniases and inflammation-associated disorders.Graphic Abstract
On the Difference of Coefficients of Bazilevič Functions
Authors: Cho Nak Eun , Sim Young Jae , Thomas Derek K. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Let f be analytic in the unit disk $${\mathbb {D}}=\{z\in {\mathbb {C}}:|z|<1 \}$$D={z∈C:|z|<1}, and $${\mathcal {S}}$$S be the subclass of normalized univalent functions given by $$f(z)=z+\sum _{n=2}^{\infty }a_n z^n$$f(z)=z+∑n=2∞anzn for $$z\in {\mathbb {D}}$$z∈D. We give bounds for $$| |a_3|-|a_2| | $$||a3|-|a2|| for the subclass $${\mathcal B}(\alpha ,i \beta )$$B(α,iβ) of generalized Bazilevič functions when $$\alpha \ge 0$$α≥0, and $$\beta $$β is real.
On the potential harmful effects of E‐Cigarettes (EC) on the developing brain: The relationship between vaping‐induced oxidative stress and adolescent/young adults social maladjustment.
Authors: Tobore Tobore Onojighofia 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACTIntroductionEvidence suggests that in convenience stores across the United States (U.S), sales of e‐cigarettes (EC) continue to grow, indicating their rising popularity. ECs have been touted as a means for traditional cigarette (TC) smokers to quit smoking. However, the dramatic increase in the number of adolescents and young adults using e‐cigarettes (vaping) in America is a cause for concern as their long‐term effects remain unknown.MethodsSearch was done by accessing PubMed/Medline, EBSCO, and PsycINFO databases. The search string used was “(Cigarettes OR E‐Cigarettes* OR Vaping) AND (Oxidative Stress* OR Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)) AND (Adolescents OR Teens OR Young Adults)”. The electronic databases were searched for titles or abstracts containing these terms in all published articles between January 1, 1970, and June 30, 2019. Over 3000 articles were found in the first round of search which was filtered to 129 articles.ResultsOxidative Stress is a critical underlying molecular factor that drives the harmful effects of traditional cigarettes. The developing brain is particularly vulnerable to the harmful effects of oxidative stress and e‐cigarettes just like traditional cigarettes induces oxidative stress. Many e‐cigarette components including the flavoring, vapor, e‐liquids and metallic coil, trigger oxidative stress, indicating that both nicotine and non‐nicotine e‐cigarette use may be harmful.ConclusionsE‐cigarettes use could potentially play a role in adolescent/young adults social maladjustments including poor learning and academic performance, increased aggressive and impulsive behavior, poor sleep quality, attention deficits, impaired memory, and cognition, and increased depression and suicidal ideation. The government, parents, school authorities and clinicians should be advised on these potentially harmful effects.
Carbon-track localisation as an adjunct to wire-guided excision of impalpable breast lesions: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Tran Q. , Mizumoto R. , Tran M.C. , Reintals M. , Gounder V. 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT

Background:
Wire-guided localisation (WGL) is the most widely used approach to excise impalpable breast lesions in breast conserving surgery (BCS). There are several disadvantages to this technique. There are a variety of methods available, each with its own imperfections, therefore a superior approach is much desired. Here we report the efficacy of carbon-track localisation (CL) as an adjunct to hookwire in terms of margins, complications and operating time.

Methods:
A consecutive series of patients with impalpable breast lesions undergoing either CL combined with WGL or just WGL alone from 2016 to 2017 were evaluated in this retrospective cohort study. Of 57 patients, 27 CLs with WGL and 30 WGLs alone were performed.

Results:
All breast lesions were successfully localised pre-operatively and excised in both groups. Involved margins for invasive or in-situ disease were found in 14% in the CL group and 24% in the WGL group (p = 0.70). Close margins of <1 mm were found in 29% of the CL group and 48% in the WGL group (p = 0.34). The median operating time were 26 min and 37 min for the CL and WGL groups respectively (p = 0.002). Complications were noted to be 7.4% with CL and 16.7% with WGL (p = 0.43).

Conclusion:
Carbon-track as an adjunct to hookwire localisation can be easily adopted and has a short learning curve with improved surgical outcomes. Although requiring further validation from larger studies to demonstrate statistical significance, the outcomes reported here are promising.

Highlights:
A Systematic Review on Mindfulness Meditation–Based Interventions for Sexual Dysfunctions
Authors: Jaderek Izabela , Lew-Starowicz Michal 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Introduction
Mindfulness-based therapies (MBT) are more and more frequently used in the treatment of sexual dysfunctions; therefore, it seems very important to assess evidence-based data on the clinical efficacy of these interventions.

Aim
To provide a systematic review of published studies into the efficacy of MBT in the treatment of sexual dysfunctions.

Methods
The material for the analysis was obtained by searching 3 internet databases: EBSCO, PubMed, and ResearchGate. Articles describing therapeutic interventions on the basis of mindfulness and their efficiency in reducing sexual dysfunction symptoms in men and women were sought.

Main Outcome Measures
15 original research articles were included to the review: 4 articles were devoted to the analysis of the efficiency of the mindfulness-based therapy in the reduction of sexual dysfunction related to pain in the genital-pelvic area, 10 to desire or sexual arousal disorders or both in women, and 1 to erectile dysfunction in men.

Results
Studies indicate that MBT led to improvement in subjectively evaluated arousal and desire, sexual satisfaction, and a reduction of fear linked with sexual activity, as well as improving the consistency between the subjectively perceived arousal and genital response in women. The research indicated that MBT did not make a significant change in a reduction of pain during sexual activities. Evidence-based data were found on the efficacy of MBT in the treatment of male erectile dysfunction in 1 study.

Clinical Implications
MBT could be effectively used in the treatment of female sexual dysfunction, specifically to improve sexual arousal/desire and satisfaction and to reduce sexual dysfunction associated with anxiety and negative cognitive schemas.

Strengths & Limitations
The few studies available are affected by several methodologic limitations, including small numbers of participants, patient selection, application of complex therapeutic interventions, and a lack of homework assessment, which makes definite conclusions difficult to draw.

Conclusion
The effects of MBT in female sexual dysfunctions are promising. In future studies, the mindfulness-based monotherapies should be implemented to verify their potential in reducing symptoms of sexual dysfunction. More research is needed to explore the potential of MBT in the treatment of male sexual dysfunction.
Psychosocial Resources and Quality of Life in Transgender Women following Gender-Affirming Surgery
Authors: Breidenstein Anja , Hess Jochen , Hadaschik Boris , Teufel Martin , Tagay Sefik 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Introduction
Psychosocial resources like social support or intrapersonal coping skills play an important role in resilience and quality of life (QOL), yet research systematically investigating the availability of different resources and QOL in transgender (trans) women is missing.

Aim
The present study aimed to systematically investigate the existence of different psychosocial resources and QOL in trans women following gender-affirming surgery (GAS).

Methods
Using a cross-sectional design, 557 trans women who had received GAS at the local urological department were invited to study participation. Criteria for study inclusion were 18 years and older, diagnosis of transsexualism according to the International Classification of Disease, completion of all sessions of GAS, and given written informed consent to study participation.

Main Outcome Measures
Psychosocial resources were assessed using the Essen Resource Inventory (ERI), the Sense of Coherence Scale, and the Social Support Scale. QOL was assessed with the Short Form Health Survey. Data from trans women were compared to normative data of healthy non-trans women as reported in the respective test manuals.

Results
In total, 158 trans women responded and participated in this study. They had received GAS 4 months to 21 years ago. The total sample was divided into 3 subgroups depending on the time interval since the participants’ last GAS procedure (group 1: GAS 0.3−3 years ago (n = 48); group 2: GAS 3.1−10 years ago (n = 62); and group 3: GAS 10.1−21 years ago (n = 41)). Trans women retrospectively indicated their available resources 3 years ago (ERI 3-years) and in the last 4 weeks (ERI 4-weeks). Trans women who had received GAS within the last 3 years (group 1) showed an increase in resources when comparing ERI 3-year scores (presurgery) with ERI 4-week scores (postsurgery). No differences emerged for group 2 and group 3. Compared to normative data from non-trans women, trans women scored significantly lower on the ERI but not in measures of Social Support Scale or Sense of Coherence Scale. Compared to non-trans women, mental QOL was significantly impaired in trans women, whereas no differences in physical QOL emerged.

Clinical Implications
As this study hints towards reduced psychosocial resources in trans women, the offering of specialized counseling can have high beneficial potential to support the development of resources, thereby enhancing QOL.

Strength & Limitations
Data of a large sample of trans women is provided who were investigated up to 21 years after GAS. The study is limited by its cross-sectional design and the response rate of 42%.

Conclusion
This study indicates that psychosocial resources improve around the time of GAS and seem to be improved and sustained in later years following GAS. Still, compared to non-trans women, trans women have a lower availability of resources and a lower mental QOL.
Exploring effects of Souvenaid on cerebral glucose metabolism in Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Scheltens Nienke M.E. , Briels Casper T. , Yaqub Maqsood , Barkhof Frederik , Boellaard Ronald , van der Flier Wiesje M. , Schwarte Lothar A. , Teunissen Charlotte E. , Attali Amos , Broersen Laus M. , van Berckel Bart N.M. , Scheltens Philip 
Published: September 2019

AbstractIntroductionAlzheimer's disease (AD) is associated with synapse loss. Souvenaid, containing the specific nutrient combination Fortasyn Connect, was designed to improve synapse formation and function. The NL‐ENIGMA study explored the effect of Souvenaid on synapse function in early AD by assessing cerebral glucose metabolism (CMRglc) with 18F‐fluorodeoxyglucose ([18F]FDG) positron emission tomography (PET).MethodsWe conducted an exploratory double‐blind randomized controlled single‐center trial. Fifty patients with mild cognitive impairment or mild dementia with evidence of amyloid pathology (cerebrospinal fluid or PET) were stratified for MMSE (20–24 and 25–30) and randomly 1:1 allocated to 24‐week daily administration of 125 mL Souvenaid (n = 25) or placebo (n = 25). Dynamic 60‐minute [18F]FDG‐PET scans (21 frames) with arterial sampling were acquired at baseline and 24 weeks. CMRglc was estimated by quantitative (Ki) and semiquantitative (standardized uptake value ratio, reference cerebellar gray matter) measurements in five predefined regions of interest and a composite region of interest. Change from baseline in CMRglc was compared between treatment groups by analysis of variance, adjusted for baseline CMRglc and MMSE stratum. Additional exploratory outcome parameters included voxel‐based analyses by Statistical Parametric Mapping.ResultsNo baseline differences between treatment groups were found (placebo/intervention: n = 25/25; age 66 ± 8/65 ± 7 years; female 44%/48%; MMSE 25 ± 3/25 ± 3). [18F]FDG‐PET data were available for quantitative (placebo n = 19, intervention n = 18) and semiquantitative (placebo n = 20, intervention n = 22) analyses. At follow‐up, no change within treatment groups and no statistically significant difference in change between treatment groups in CMRglc in any regions of interest were found by both quantitative and semiquantitative analyses. No treatment effect was found in the cerebellar gray matter using quantitative measures. The additional Statistical Parametric Mapping analyses did not yield consistent differences between treatment groups.DiscussionIn this exploratory trial, we found no robust effect of 24‐week intervention with Souvenaid on synapse function measured by [18F]FDG‐PET. Possible explanations include short duration of treatment.