bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Epidemiological Patterns of Patellofemoral Injuries in Collegiate Athletes in the United States From 2009 to 2014
Authors: Trojan Jeffrey D. , Treloar Joshua A. , Smith Christopher M. , Kraeutler Matthew J. , Mulcahey Mary K. 
Published: April 2019

Background: As many as 30% of patients with knee pain seen in sports medicine clinics have complaints related to the patellofemoral joint. There is a paucity of research available regarding patellofemoral injuries, mechanism of injury, and playing time lost in collegiate athletes. Purpose: To describe the rates, mechanisms, severity, and potential sex-based differences of patellofemoral injuries in collegiate athletes across 25 National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) sports. Study Design: Descriptive epidemiology study. Methods: Data from the 2009-2010 through the 2013-2014 academic years were obtained from the NCAA Injury Surveillance Program and were analyzed to calculate patellofemoral injury rates, mechanisms of injury, time lost, and need for surgery. Rate ratios and injury proportion ratios were used to quantify discernible differences between sex-comparable sports and timing of injury (ie, practice vs competition), respectively. Results: The overall patellofemoral injury incidence rate was 16.10 per 100,000 athlete-exposures (AEs). Women’s volleyball had the highest incidence of all sports (39.57 per 100,000 AEs). Injuries were 66% more likely to occur in competition than during practice. Female athletes experienced significantly more patellofemoral injuries than males in similar sports. Patellar tendinitis accounted for 49.2% of all patellofemoral injuries and was the most common injury in 20 of 25 studied sports. Patellar subluxation accounted for the most total days missed, and patellar dislocation had the highest mean days missed per injury (11.42 days). Patella fracture was the most likely injury to require surgery (80%). Conclusion: Patellofemoral injuries were most common in sports that require jumping and quick changes of direction, specifically women’s volleyball, men’s and women’s basketball, and women’s soccer. The majority of patellofemoral injuries in this cohort were classified as patellar tendinitis caused by overuse. Most injuries resulted in no competition or practice time lost. This information may contribute to the development of prevention programs aimed at addressing the most prevalent types and mechanisms of injury in each sport to reduce the incidence of patellofemoral injury in these athletes.
Anticholinergic Burden and Dry Mouth in Middle-Aged People
Authors: Tiisanoja A. , Syrjälä A.-M.H. , Kullaa A. , Ylöstalo P. 
Published: April 2019

Introduction: Anticholinergic burden refers to the cumulative effect of taking 1 or more drugs with anticholinergic properties. At the moment, little is known about the association between the anticholinergic burden and dry mouth. Objectives: The objective of this article was to study, whether an anticholinergic burden is associated with dry mouth among middle-aged people. Methods: The study population included 1,345 people aged 46 y from the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966 (NFBC1966) study, who took part in a clinical medical and dental examination during 2012–2013. Medication data comprised both self-reported drug use and information obtained from the national register. Anticholinergic burden was measured using 10 different anticholinergic scales. Dry mouth was defined on the basis of having either a subjective feeling of dry mouth (xerostomia) or objectively measured low unstimulated or stimulated whole salivary flow rates (hyposalivation). Poisson regression models with robust error variance were used to estimate relative risk (RR). Regression models were adjusted for sex, smoking, diabetes, rheumatoid diseases, depressive symptoms, anxiety, total number of drugs, and antihypertensive drugs. Results: Approximately 14% of the participants reported having xerostomia and about 2% had hyposalivation. The RRs of different anticholinergic scales for xerostomia varied from 1.05 to 1.68. The scales’ RRs were between 0.89 and 2.03 for low unstimulated whole salivary flow (<0.1 mL/min) and between 0.59 and 1.80 for low stimulated whole salivary flow (<0.7 mL/min). Seven of 10 studied anticholinergic scales associated statistically significantly with dry mouth, either with xerostomia or hyposalivation. Conclusion: Most of the anticholinergic scales were associated with dry mouth, either with xerostomia or hyposalivation. There was considerable variation in the strength of the associations between anticholinergic scales and dry mouth. Knowledge Transfer Statement: The findings of this study suggest that dentists should take notice of the use of drugs with anticholinergic properties and their harmful effects among middle-aged people. Dentists should provide these patients with necessary guidance on how to cope with dry mouth and give them prophylactic measures against oral diseases associated with dry mouth.
A parsimonious 3-gene signature predicts clinical outcomes in an acute myeloid leukemia multicohort study
Authors: Wagner Sarah , Vadakekolathu Jayakumar , Tasian Sarah K. , Altmann Heidi , Bornhäuser Martin , Pockley A. Graham , Ball Graham R. , Rutella Sergio 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a genetically heterogeneous hematological malignancy with variable responses to chemotherapy. Although recurring cytogenetic abnormalities and gene mutations are important predictors of outcome, 50% to 70% of AMLs harbor normal or risk-indeterminate karyotypes. Therefore, identifying more effective biomarkers predictive of treatment success and failure is essential for informing tailored therapeutic decisions. We applied an artificial neural network (ANN)–based machine learning approach to a publicly available data set for a discovery cohort of 593 adults with nonpromyelocytic AML. ANN analysis identified a parsimonious 3-gene expression signature comprising CALCRL, CD109, and LSP1, which was predictive of event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS). We computed a prognostic index (PI) using normalized gene-expression levels and β-values from subsequently created Cox proportional hazards models, coupled with clinically established prognosticators. Our 3-gene PI separated the adult patients in each European LeukemiaNet cytogenetic risk category into subgroups with different survival probabilities and identified patients with very high–risk features, such as those with a high PI and either FLT3 internal tandem duplication or nonmutated nucleophosmin 1. The PI remained significantly associated with poor EFS and OS after adjusting for established prognosticators, and its ability to stratify survival was validated in 3 independent adult cohorts (n = 905 subjects) and 1 cohort of childhood AML (n = 145 subjects). Further in silico analyses established that AML was the only tumor type among 39 distinct malignancies for which the concomitant upregulation of CALCRL, CD109, and LSP1 predicted survival. Therefore, our ANN-derived 3-gene signature refines the accuracy of patient stratification and the potential to significantly improve outcome prediction.
How corporate headquarters add value in the digital age
Authors: Schmitt Jan , Decreton Benoit , Nell Phillip C. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractHow will digitalization influence the role of corporate headquarters (CHQs) and their relationships with their operating units? We recently asked 67 senior CHQ managers this question. The results suggest that CHQs expect to become more powerful and more involved in their operating units. These conclusions seem to be driven by perceptions that the ongoing digitalization will provide CHQ managers with more timely and better information. In this “Point of View,” we discuss the potential pitfalls of such a narrative. We also offer ideas for how to avoid mistakes and ensure that CHQs increase their value-added in times of digitalization. In particular, we suggest that CHQs place emphasis on social interactions for data to be effectively collected and analyzed, for decision-making power to be adequately allocated, and for CHQ involvement to be informed and necessary.
Stage 1 Registered Report: A scoping review protocol to map the evidence on family carers who combine work with care
Authors: Lafferty Attracta , Phillips Dominique , Paul Gillian , Fealy Gerard , Fahy Majella , Dowling-Hetherington Linda , Duffy Clare , Moloney Breda , Kroll Thilo 
Published: April 2019

Background: Family carers are considered the backbone of care provision in the community for those who are dependent due to frailty, disability or chronic illness. As the proportion of older people increases worldwide, it is anticipated that there will be a corresponding increase in reliance on family carers. Furthermore, due to the increasing participation of women in the workforce and delayed retirement, the proportion of carers who combine paid employment with caregiving responsibilities is likely to increase. Consequently, support for family carers who balance work with care is becoming a growing health, business, economic and social issue. However, research in this field is somewhat fragmented. Aim: This paper presents a protocol for a scoping review which aims to systematically and comprehensively map out the available published and unpublished literature on family carers who combine work with caring responsibilities. Methods: The scoping review will be undertaken in six steps: (1) identify the research question; (2) identify relevant studies; (3) select studies; (4) chart the data; (5) collate, summarise and report the results and (6) consult with relevant stakeholders. The review will be guided by the PRISMA-ScR framework guidelines to ensure methodological and reporting quality. A minimum of two reviewers will independently review articles for inclusion within the review. The review process will be iterative and the research question(s) and search strategy will be refined as the review progresses. Conclusion: This review will provide a mapped synthesis of the extent and nature of the available published and unpublished literature on family carers who juggle the competing demands of caregiving and paid work. Findings will be used to determine whether there is merit in carrying out a full systematic literature review and will provide direction for the next steps of a larger research project, which aims to support family carers in the workplace.
Development of student competencies for palliative care
Authors: Carrillo Gloria Mabel , Gómez Olga Janeth , Díaz Lorena Chaparro , Carreño Sonia Patricia 
Published: April 2019

Aim: Identify the palliative care learning needs of healthcare students and determine the acceptability of an innovative learning strategy for palliative care named competencia para cuidar en el hogar-paliar (CUIDAR-PALIAR) aimed to increase students' competencies. Methods: A single-group mixed methods design was used. A questionnaire was designed and semi-structured interviews were used to determine the palliative care competencies of undergraduate students; 90 students participated in the strategy. Findings: The learning needs of students are: approaches to death and loss, how to intervene with the patient's family, understanding of the palliative care context, management of the patient's pain and symptoms and the development of therapeutic communication skills. Conclusion: The strategy is highly accepted by students, and statistically significant increases in palliative care were observed before and after the intervention. These preliminary results justify future interventions due to the potential effect of the strategy CUIDAR-PALIAR in the development of competencies for palliative care in undergraduate students.
Aspecto da sazonalidade nos parâmetros físico – químicos da água dos poços, Raposa - Maranhão, Brasil
Authors: Oliveira Thacylla Wanessa dos Santos de , Silva Sergio Henrique Pinto da , Silva Darlan Ferreira , Viana Juliane Flávia Cançado , Firmo Wellyson Da Cunha Araújo , Silva Maria Raimunda Chagas 
Published: April 2019

A água potável é um dos principais meios para preservação da saúde humana, entretanto, a água que não possui o tratamento adequado pode servir como um potencial veículo para transmissão de doenças, pois é capaz de veicular inúmeras enfermidades a partir de falhas no controle de qualidade dos mananciais e reservatórios que fornecem água para população, seja por ingestão ou por contato da pele e mucosas com a água contaminada. O aumento da demanda por água potável e os riscos de contaminação dos poços subterrâneos por se encontrarem próximos a fossas e depósitos inadequados de lixo são alguns dos problemas enfrentados pelo Serviço Autônomo de Água e Esgoto (SAAE) do município de Raposa. Com o auxílio de Análises das Componentes Principais, foram geradas três Componentes Principais (CP) explicando mais de 75% da variância total entre os períodos estudados. Nas CP1, CP2 e CP3 foram enquadradas as variáveis pH, turbidez, condutividade, sólidos totais dissolvidos, teor de nitrato e nitrito relacionadas a variação em períodos sazonais.
A Psychometric Investigation of the Personality Traits Underlying Individual Tax Morale
Authors: Jacquemet Nicolas , Luchini Stéphane , Malézieux Antoine , Shogren Jason F. 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Why do people pay taxes? Rational choice theory has fallen short in answering this question. Another explanation, called “tax morale”, has been promoted. Tax morale captures the behavioral idea that non-monetary preferences (like norm-submission, moral emotions and moral judgments) might be better determinants of tax compliance than monetary trade-offs. Herein we report on two lab experiments designed to assess whether norm-submission, moral emotions (e.g. affective empathy, cognitive empathy, propensity to feel guilt and shame) or moral judgments (e.g. ethics principles, integrity, and moralization of everyday life) can help explain compliance behavior. Although we find statistically significant correlations of tax compliance behavior with empathy and shame, the economic significance of these correlations are low–—more than 80% of the variability in compliance remains unexplained. These results suggest that tax authorities should focus on the institutional context, rather than individual preference characteristics, to handle tax evasion.
Numerical and Experimental Investigation on Forced-Air Cooling of Commercial Packaged Strawberries
Authors: Wang Da , Lai Yanhua , Zhao Hongxia , Jia Binguang , Wang Qiang , Yang Xiangzheng 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
The numerical simulation model of forced-air cooling of strawberries in a clamshell and a box was established by using computational fluid dynamics method. The cooling process of the simulation and the experiment results agreed well in different conditions, indicating that the simulation model was validated. The results showed that the 7/8 cooling time was 180 min, 135 min, 108 min and 100 min and the cooling uniformity coefficients were 0.31, 0.22, 0.24, 0.26 when the diameters of B-vent(the vent on the box) were 30 mm, 40 mm, 50 mm, 60 mm, respectively. The 7/8 cooling time decreased and the cooling uniformity coefficient improved, when the shape of C-vent (the vent on the clamshell) changed from round to rectangular. The 7/8 cooling time also deceased and the cooling uniformity coefficient increased, when the area of C-vent with both round and rectangular shapes increased. These results indicate that both B-vent and C-vent had significant effect on reducing the cooling time and the improving cooling uniformity for strawberries, It is suggested that the optimized vent ratio of B-vent (the diameter is 40 mm) and C-vent (15 mm round or 20 mm × 15 mm rectangular) for the current commercial packaged strawberries were 9.4 % and 8.5 %, respectively.
Pedalling Technique and Postural Stability During Incremental Cycling Exercise – Relationship with Cyclist FMSTM Score
Authors: Rannama Indrek , Pedak Kirsti , Reinpõld Karmen , Port Kristjan 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Purpose of the present study was to examine the changes in the pedalling kinetics and in the ground reaction forces as a measure of the cycling stability during an incremental cycling exercise. Furthermore, we compared the effectiveness of the pedalling technique and postural stability between the high and low Functional Movement Screen score (FMSTM) cyclists and analysed the relationships between the cycling specific postural stability, pedalling kinetics and cyclists FMSTM test scores. 31 competitive cyclists (18.5±2.1y; 1.81±0.06m; 73.7±7.5kg) were categorized based on the (FMSTM) test results in a low (LS, n=19; FMS≤14) and a high (HS, n=12; FMS>14) score group. The pedalling effectiveness and absolute symmetry indexes, as well the ground reaction force (GRF) were measured during incremental cycling exercise. Cycling specific postural stability was expressed as the body mass corrected standard deviation of 3 linear and 3 angular GRF components during a 30sec cycling at four power levels. We found that during incremental cycling exercise the pedalling effectiveness, smoothness and cyclist’s swaying in all three planes increased according to the combined effect of the workload and fatigue. Cyclists with high FMSTM score showed a lower bilateral pedalling asymmetry and a greater cycling specific postural stability, but showed no differences in the pedalling effectiveness and smoothness compared with the LS cyclists. Cyclist’s FMSTM score were moderately related with the stability components acting along the horizontal plane. The pedalling effectiveness, smoothness and bilateral asymmetry were inversely related to the components acting perpendicularly to the horizontal plane.
Lipari (Aeolian Islands) Obsidian in the Late Neolithic. Artifacts, Supply and Function
Authors: Martinelli Maria Clara , Tykot Robert H. , Vianello Andrea 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThis study focuses on the Neolithic, particularly on the emergence and development of the Diana Culture in the Aeolian Islands. Since the 1950s, the archaeological excavations unearthed parts of a settlement in a plain near the sea, contrada Diana in Lipari. We discuss the technological and typometric study of obsidian from trenches XVII, XXI, and XXXVI. A series of pXRF analyses on obsidian were carried out to identify their sources. A selection of retouched and non-retouched artifacts was examined, showing the higher variability in forms than at importing sites. This significance of this workshop area on prehistoric trade is assessed.
Obsidian Distribution of the Northern Patagonian Forest Area and Neighboring Sectors during the Late Holocene (Neuquén Province, Argentina)
Authors: Pérez Alberto E. , Giesso Martin , Glascock Michael D. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractAnalysis of 519 obsidian artifacts (pebbles, debitage, cores and small bifaces) by nondestructive X-ray fluorescence from forests and steppes of southern Lanín National Park in the northern Patagonian Andean region, from Lácar (chemical group QU/AP), Lolog (CP-LL 1), Filo Hua-Hum (FHH), Paillakura (Pk, former unknown 1 group), Meliquina (MQ, former unknown group 2) and Yuco (YC) sources. Neutron activation analysis was applied to 29 of the artifacts. We identified for the first time the presence of obsidian from distant Covunco (PC1) in the center of Neuquén. This paper is the first English language publication of our ongoing, ten-year-long research. In accordance with previous work, but using other analytical techniques, the most frequently used sources during the late Holocene remain CP/LL 1 and Pk, here we add YC, mainly by the incorporation of new sites recently surveyed in the islands and the coast of Lake Lácar, next to its source. Another result consistent with previous work is the absence of obsidian from Mendoza and Chilean sources; therefore, we suggest these obsidians circulate just to the east and northeast, allowing us to discuss issues of human territoriality during the Late Holocene.
Technological prospects of noncatalytic partial oxidation of light alkanes
Authors: Arutyunov Vladimir 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
This review analyzes alternative noncatalytic routes for the conversion of various natural hydrocarbon gases to syngas, oxygenates, olefins, and other chemicals. The possibility of producing a wide assortment of products directly from light gaseous hydrocarbons, including methane, was demonstrated. The advantages and practical implementations of such technologies are discussed.
Reflecting Team as an Evaluation/learning Instrument for Self-reflection of Teachers
Authors: Michling Malgorzata D. , Schmidt Joel 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
The Reflecting Team (RT) is a method derived from systemic therapy in the 1980s by the social psychiatrist Tom Andersen. It is increasingly being used in training and evaluation contexts. The aim of the method is to create a space for the development of diverse perspectives and appropriate ideas and solutions in which the integrity of the students/customers/clients is preserved and the acceptance of proposals is facilitated. To this end, the systems involved (advice seekers, consultants, and observers) enter a common process of alternately directed and non-directed communication. The RT is not only suitable to address communication problems in group work and other educational situations, but it can also help to consider the traditional teaching and learning processes in a reflective way. Reflecting teams can also significantly improve the feedback and quality of teaching and learning. The article deals with the use of RT in the context of the collective exchange of teaching staff with their students. It uses a problem as an evaluation form and learning instrument to reflect on their pedagogical approach and, at the same time, their relationship with students during the lessons. This is to present the RT method for collegial exchange (Process Flow: Advice-seeker, teacher, Interviewer, RT) and their need for teacher reflection as well as the experience of self-efficacy (empowerment and self-sufficiency).
Cognitive Analysis of 9 to 11-Year-Old Children With Intellectual Development Disorders
Authors: Kauliņa Anda 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Cognitive development significantly influences efficiency and results of child’s understanding and comprehension of the world. Attention and cognition play a significant role to ensure academic achievement and success. Attention is essential for purposeful planning of action and systematic work. Attention is necessary to follow the study material and for physical survival in everyday life. Cognition is significant in decision making and evaluating possible outcomes, being especially important in children with cognitive development disorders. The aim of the present study was to find out the peculiarities of the cognitive processes in 9 to 11-year-old children with cognitive development disorders. Previous literature suggests that children with intellectual development disorders are at increased risk of general cognitive disorders. To test this assumption and establish cognitive abilities in children with intellectual development disorders, the following subtests of the Vienna Test System (VTS) were used: CPM/S2 (Raven's Coloured Progressive Matrices), B19 (Double Labyrinth Test) and WAFF (Perception and Attention Functions: Focused Attention). VTS is one of the leading computer-based psychophysiological testing systems in Europe. In addition to testing, behavioural observations were also carried out. Study results reveal that children with a shared diagnosis are not as similar when it comes to cognition and attention. Not all children within the sample group exhibited reduced attention and concentration, although the whole participant sample was diagnosed with intellectual development disorder. Meanwhile, risk factors hindering normal cognitive development were identified.