bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reflection of Mongolian musical culture in Liang Lei's String quartets
Authors: Wang Zhang 
Published: December 2024

The article is devoted to the identification of elements of the Mongolian musical tradition in the quartet work of the outstanding modern Chinese composer Liang Lei. The focus is on two quartets: "Serashi Fragments" (2005) and "Gobi Gloria" (2006), which found their artistic embodiment of the song folklore of the Mongols with its characteristic performance styles - urtyn-duu, bogino-duu, features of playing national instruments, primarily on the morin khura, a special the form of performance for two voices is chaoer. A special place in quartets is occupied by imitation of the sound of traditional instruments, which is manifested both at the level of sound acuity and in terms of the textured arrangement of voices. Two Mongolian songs are used as quotation material in the quartets - "One White Sheep" and "Night Sky", which are reinterpreted by the composer, acquiring an instrumental character. The indicated works are included in the range of works written based on Mongolian themes and folk traditions. It is indicated that the studied quartets of Liang Lei are a vivid example of modern compositional searches aimed at discovering ways to harmoniously combine traditional models and modern techniques. This work combines a large volume of literature and musical scores, as well as relevant theories and existing results of Chinese and Russian scientists. Based on the analysis of musical scores, the string quartet in the Mongolian style by Chinese composer Liang Lei is analyzed from the point of view of its compositional basis, technique and cultural overtones. The conclusion of this work is that Liang Lei, as a composer who lived in both China and the United States, has a deep understanding of Eastern and Western cultures and philosophies and is able to skillfully use Western compositional techniques and instruments to creatively combine traditional Oriental music, embodying his own ideas and preserving traditions. The main contribution and innovation of this work is the acquaintance and analysis of the life, creativity and ideas of famous modern Chinese and Chinese-American composers, which demonstrates to the Russian reader the modern achievements of China in the field of musical innovation, as well as the multicultural subtext of a group of composers who received different education in China and in the West, which is represented by Liang Lei.
Dual modulation of neuron‐specific microRNAs and the REST complex promotes functional maturation of human adult induced neurons
Authors: Birtele Marcella , Sharma Yogita , Kidnapillai Srisaiyini , Lau Shong , Stoker Thomas B. , Barker Roger A. , Rylander Ottosson Daniella , Drouin‐Ouellet Janelle , Parmar Malin 
Published: September 2019

Direct neuronal reprogramming can be achieved using different approaches: by expressing neuronal transcription factors or microRNAs; and by knocking down neuronal repressive elements. However, there still exists a high variability in terms of the quality and maturity of the induced neurons obtained, depending on the reprogramming strategy employed. Here, we evaluate different long‐term culture conditions and study the effect of expressing the neuronal‐specific microRNAs, miR124 and miR9/9*, while reprogramming with forced expression of the transcription factors Ascl1, Brn2, and knockdown of the neuronal repressor REST. We show that the addition of microRNAs supports neuronal maturation in terms of gene and protein expression, as well as in terms of electrophysiological properties.
Soluble Klotho regulates bone differentiation by upregulating expression of the transcription factor EGR‐1
Authors: Toan Nguyen Khanh , Tai Nguyen Chi , Kim Soo‐A , Ahn Sang‐Gun 
Published: September 2019

Klotho is a transmembrane protein known to regulate aging and lifespan. Soluble Klotho (sKL), a truncated form of Klotho, regulates various cell signaling pathways, including bone development. Here, we investigated the relationship between sKL and the zinc finger transcription factor early growth response protein 1 (EGR‐1) on bone formation. We find that sKL induces the expression of EGR‐1 mRNA and protein. Through mutational analysis, we identify the 130 bp region on the EGR‐1 promoter that is responsive to sKL overexpression. Additionally, sKL induces the expression of markers of bone differentiation (BMP2, RUNX2, ALP, COL1A, and osteocalcin) in osteoblast MC3T3 cells. EGR‐1 siRNA decreases the bone mineralization induced by sKL or ascorbic acid/glycerol 2‐phosphate in MC3T3 cells. Our results suggest that sKL may regulate bone development through EGR‐1 expression.
Contact Resistance in Organic Field‐Effect Transistors: Conquering the Barrier
Authors: Waldrip Matthew , Jurchescu Oana D. , Gundlach David J. , Bittle Emily G. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractOrganic semiconductors have sparked interest as flexible, solution processable, and chemically tunable electronic materials. Improvements in charge carrier mobility put organic semiconductors in a competitive position for incorporation in a variety of (opto‐)electronic applications. One example is the organic field‐effect transistor (OFET), which is the fundamental building block of many applications based on organic semiconductors. While the semiconductor performance improvements opened up the possibilities for applying organic materials as active components in fast switching electrical devices, the ability to make good electrical contact hinders further development of deployable electronics. Additionally, inefficient contacts represent serious bottlenecks in identifying new electronic materials by inhibiting access to their intrinsic properties or providing misleading information. Recent work focused on the relationships of contact resistance with device architecture, applied voltage, metal and dielectric interfaces, has led to a steady reduction in contact resistance in OFETs. While impressive progress was made, contact resistance is still above the limits necessary to drive devices at the speed required for many active electronic components. Here, the origins of contact resistance and recent improvement in organic transistors are presented, with emphasis on the electric field and geometric considerations of charge injection in OFETs.
Negative Thermal Expansion Design Strategies in a Diverse Series of Metal–Organic Frameworks
Authors: Burtch Nicholas C. , Baxter Samuel J. , Heinen Jurn , Bird Ashley , Schneemann Andreas , Dubbeldam David , Wilkinson Angus P. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractNegative thermal expansion materials are of interest for an array of composite material applications whereby they can compensate for the behavior of a positive thermal expansion matrix. In this work, various design strategies for systematically tuning the coefficient of thermal expansion in a diverse series of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are demonstrated. By independently varying the metal, ligand, topology, and guest environment of representative MOFs, a range of negative and positive thermal expansion behaviors are experimentally achieved. Insights into the origin of these behaviors are obtained through an analysis of synchrotron‐radiation total scattering and diffraction experiments, as well as complementary molecular simulations. The implications of these findings on the prospects for MOFs as an emergent negative thermal expansion material class are also discussed.
Characterization of Dynamic and Nanoscale Materials and Metamaterials with Continuously Referenced Interferometry
Authors: Ollanik Adam J. , Hartfield George Z. , Ji Yaping , Robertson John T. , Islam Kazi , Escarra Matthew D. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe development of new optical materials and metamaterials has seen a natural progression toward both nanoscale geometries and dynamic performance. The development of these materials, such as optical metasurfaces which impart discrete, spatially dependent phase shifts on incident light, often benefits from the measurement of transmitted or reflected phase. Careful measurement of phase typically proves difficult to implement, due to high measurement sensitivity to practically unavoidable environmental sources of noise and drift. To date, no characterization technique has yet emerged as a frontrunner for these applications. This challenge is addressed using a custom‐designed three‐beam Mach–Zehnder interferometer capable of continuously referenced measurement of both phase and transmittance, resulting in a 10× reduction of noise and drift and phase measurement standard deviation over 10 min of 0.56° and over 16 h of 2.8°. High measurement stability provided by this method enables samples to be easily characterized under dynamic conditions. Temperature‐dependent measurements are demonstrated with phase‐change material vanadium dioxide (VO2), and with wavelength‐dependent measurements of a dielectric Huygens metasurface supporting a characteristic resonant reflection peak. A Fourier‐based signal filtering technique is applied, reducing measurement uncertainty to 0.13° and enabling discernment of monolayer thickness variations in 2D material MoS2.
Trap‐Related Nonvolatile Negative Photoconductivity in a Single Ag@Al2O3 Hybrid Nanorod for a Photomemory with Light‐Writing and Bias‐Erasing
Authors: Ji Wenwen , Zhou Huiying , Ye Yalong , Zhao Jie , Xiao Yanhe , Lei Shuijin , Cheng Baochang 
Published: September 2019

AbstractFor zero band‐gap metal Ag and ultrawide band‐gap Al2O3, it is difficult to produce impressive photoresponse to visible light due to the limitation of energy gaps. Herein, it is demonstrated that individual Ag@Al2O3 hybrid nanorods, synthesized by a two‐stage hydrothermal method and followed by thermal reduction annealing, can show excellent negative photoconduction of about 400 nm violet and 800 nm near‐infrared lights at room temperature. Moreover, the light‐induced high resistance state (HRS) is well maintained at relatively low operation bias after the removal of illumination, indicative of a nonvolatile memory effect. More importantly, the device is back to its initial low resistance state (LRS) after subsequently being applied a relatively large bias, suggestive of an erasable effect with large bias. In the hybrid nanorods, Ag nanoparticles serve as trap centers and can capture and store charges. Under the illumination of sub‐band‐gap light, trapped charges are excited, resulting in an HRS due to emptying the traps. On the contrary, a large external electric field triggers charges to be injected into traps in dark, resulting in an LRS. Regarding a superior negative photoswitching with light‐writing and bias‐erasing memory, Ag@Al2O3 nanohybrids have a tremendous potential in optical sensors and nonvolatile photomemory applications.
Visible Light‐Driven, Photocatalyst‐Free Arbuzov‐Like Reaction via Arylazo Sulfones
Authors: Qiu Di , Lian Chang , Mao Jinshan , Ding Yi , Liu Zerong , Wei Liyan , Fagnoni Maurizio , Protti Stefano 
Published: September 2019

AbstractA visible light‐induced formation of Aryl‐Phosphorous bonds starting from arylazo sulfones and triaryl (or trialkyl)phosphites in the absence of any photoredox catalyst and any additives was developed. This reaction showed a broad substrate scope and afforded (hetero)aryl phosphonates in good yields and in up to the gram scale.magnified image
Tissue‐Engineered Neural Network Graft Relays Excitatory Signal in the Completely Transected Canine Spinal Cord
Authors: Lai Bi‐Qin , Che Ming‐Tian , Feng Bo , Bai Yu‐Rong , Li Ge , Ma Yuan‐Huan , Wang Lai‐Jian , Huang Meng‐Yao , Wang Ya‐Qiong , Jiang Bin , Ding Ying , Zeng Xiang , Zeng Yuan‐Shan 
Published: September 2019

AbstractTissue engineering produces constructs with defined functions for the targeted treatment of damaged tissue. A complete spinal cord injury (SCI) model is generated in canines to test whether in vitro constructed neural network (NN) tissues can relay the excitatory signal across the lesion gap to the caudal spinal cord. Established protocols are used to construct neural stem cell (NSC)‐derived NN tissue characterized by a predominantly neuronal population with robust trans‐synaptic activities and myelination. The NN tissue is implanted into the gap immediately following complete transection SCI of canines at the T10 spinal cord segment. The data show significant motor recovery of paralyzed pelvic limbs, as evaluated by Olby scoring and cortical motor evoked potential (CMEP) detection. The NN tissue survives in the lesion area with neuronal phenotype maintenance, improves descending and ascending nerve fiber regeneration, and synaptic integration with host neural circuits that allow it to serve as a neuronal relay to transmit excitatory electrical signal across the injured area to the caudal spinal cord. These results suggest that tissue‐engineered NN grafts can relay the excitatory signal in the completely transected canine spinal cord, providing a promising strategy for SCI treatment in large animals, including humans.
Natural Microbial Communities Can Be Manipulated by Artificially Constructed Biofilms
Authors: Rijavec Tomaž , Zrimec Jan , van Spanning Rob , Lapanje Aleš 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBiofouling proceeds in successive steps where the primary colonizers affect the phylogenetic and functional structure of a future microbial consortium. Using microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC) as a study case, a novel approach for material surface protection is described, which does not prevent biofouling, but rather shapes the process of natural biofilm development to exclude MIC‐related microorganisms. This approach interferes with the early steps of natural biofilm formation affecting how the community is finally developed. It is based on a multilayer artificial biofilm, composed of electrostatically modified bacterial cells, producing antimicrobial compounds, extracellular antimicrobial polyelectrolyte matrix, and a water‐proof rubber elastomer barrier. The artificial biofilm is constructed layer‐by‐layer (LBL) by manipulating the electrostatic interactions between microbial cells and material surfaces. Field testing on standard steel coupons exposed in the sea for more than 30 days followed by laboratory analyses using molecular‐biology tools demonstrate that the preapplied artificial biofilm affects the phylogenetic structure of the developing natural biofilm, reducing phylogenetic diversity and excluding MIC‐related bacteria. This sustainable solution for material protection showcases the usefulness of artificially guiding microbial evolutionary processes via the electrostatic modification and controlled delivery of bacterial cells and extracellular matrix to the exposed material surfaces.
A Fully Printed Flexible MoS2 Memristive Artificial Synapse with Femtojoule Switching Energy
Authors: Feng Xuewei , Li Yida , Wang Lin , Chen Shuai , Yu Zhi Gen , Tan Wee Chong , Macadam Nasiruddin , Hu Guohua , Huang Li , Chen Li , Gong Xiao , Chi Dongzhi , Hasan Tawfique , Thean Aaron Voon‐Yew , Zhang Yong‐Wei , Ang Kah‐Wee 
Published: September 2019

AbstractRealization of memristors capable of storing and processing data on flexible substrates is a key enabling technology toward “system‐on‐plastics”. Recent advancements in printing techniques show enormous potential to overcome the major challenges of the current manufacturing processes that require high temperature and planar topography, which may radically change the system integration approach on flexible substrates. However, fully printed memristors are yet to be successfully demonstrated due to the lack of a robust printable switching medium and a reliable printing process. An aerosol‐jet‐printed Ag/MoS2/Ag memristor is realized in a cross‐bar structure by developing a scalable and low temperature printing technique utilizing a functional molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) ink platform. The fully printed devices exhibit an ultra‐low switching voltage (0.18 V), a high switching ratio (107), a wide range of tuneable resistance states (10–1010 Ω) for multi‐bit data storage, and a low standby power consumption of 1 fW and a switching energy of 4.5 fJ per transition set. Moreover, the MoS2 memristor exhibits both volatile and non‐volatile resistive switching behavior by controlling the current compliance levels, which efficiently mimic the short‐term and long‐term plasticity of biological synapses, demonstrating its potential to enable energy‐efficient artificial neuromorphic computing.
Oxygen Reduction Reactions on Single‐ or Few‐Atom Discrete Active Sites for Heterogeneous Catalysis
Authors: Sharifi Tiva , Gracia‐Espino Eduardo , Chen Anran , Hu Guangzhi , Wågberg Thomas 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is of great importance in energy‐converting processes such as fuel cells and in metal–air batteries and is vital to facilitate the transition toward a nonfossil dependent society. The ORR has been associated with expensive noble metal catalysts that facilitate the O2 adsorption, dissociation, and subsequent electron transfer. Single‐ or few‐atom motifs based on earth‐abundant transition metals, such as Fe, Co, and Mo, combined with nonmetallic elements, such as P, S, and N, embedded in a carbon‐based matrix represent one of the most promising alternatives. Often these are referred to as single atom catalysts; however, the coordination number of the metal atom as well as the type and nearest neighbor configuration has a strong influence on the function of the active sites, and a more adequate term to describe them is metal‐coordinated motifs. Despite intense research, their function and catalytic mechanism still puzzle researchers. They are not molecular systems with discrete energy states; neither can they fully be described by theories that are adapted for heterogeneous bulk catalysts. Here, recent results on single‐ and few‐atom electrocatalyst motifs are reviewed with an emphasis on reports discussing the function and the mechanism of the active sites.
Lung cancer screening in patients with Libby amphibole disease: High yield despite predominantly environmental and household exposure
Authors: Loewen Gregory , Black Brad , McNew Tracy , Miller Albert 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackgroundLung cancer screening with low‐dose computed tomography (CT) scanning (LDCT) is accepted as a screening tool, but its application to populations exposed to recognized occupational or environmental carcinogens is limited. We apply LDCT to a population with a predominantly nonoccupational exposure to a recognized human lung carcinogen, Libby amphibole asbestos (LA).MethodsPatients in an asbestos disease clinic in Libby, Montana who were aged 50 to 84 years, greater than or equal to 20 pack‐year history of tobacco use (irrespective of quit date), and asbestos‐related pleuropulmonary disease on high‐resolution CT scan were offered free annual lung cancer screening over a 39‐month period.ResultsOf 2897 clinic patients, 1149 (39.7%) met eligibility criteria, and 567 (49%) were screened with 1014 low‐dose CT scans. Most screened patients had principally environmental (333 or 59%) or household exposure (145 or 25%) to LA. Seventeen primary lung cancers were identified, mostly in early stages: 10 at stage 1, two at stage 2, three at stages 3 to 4, and two at limited small‐cell cancers. The screening yield was 1.9 at baseline scan and 1.5% on the first annual scan.ConclusionsConsistent with the guidelines of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network and American Association of Thoracic Surgery, LDCT for early lung cancer detection should be offered to people with significant exposure to occupational or environmental human lung carcinogens.
Synthesis of Dihydrobenzoxazine‐Fused Spirooxazoline‐4‐ones via [3+2] Cycloaddition of Azaoxyallyl Cations with Vinyl Benzoxazinanones
Authors: Kim Eunjin , Mun Dasom , Kim Sung‐Gon 
Published: September 2019

AbstractAn example of a [3+2] cycloaddition reaction between azaoxyallyl cations generated in situ and a variety of vinyl benzoxazinanones has been developed. This reaction provides an attractive method for the synthesis of spirooxazoline‐4‐ones based on dihydrobenzoxazines, which were obtained in good yield (up to 98% yield) with high diastereoselectivity (up to >20 : 1). The synthesized spiro‐bis‐N,O‐heterocycles can be used as building blocks toward the synthesis of other useful compounds.
Homochiral MOF–Polymer Mixed Matrix Membranes for Efficient Separation of Chiral Molecules
Authors: Lu Yizhihao , Zhang Huacheng , Chan Jun Yong , Ou Ranwen , Zhu Haijin , Forsyth Maria , Marijanovic Emilia M. , Doherty Cara M. , Marriott Philip J. , Holl Mark M. Banaszak , Wang Huanting 
Published: September 2019

AbstractHomochiral metal–organic framework (MOF) membranes have been recently reported for chiral separations. However, only a few high‐quality homochiral polycrystalline MOF membranes have been fabricated due to the difficulty in crystallization of a chiral MOF layer without defects on porous substrates. Alternatively, mixed matrix membranes (MMMs), which combine potential advantages of MOFs and polymers, have been widely demonstrated for gas separation and water purification. Here we report novel homochiral MOF–polymer MMMs for efficient chiral separation. Homochirality was successfully incorporated into achiral MIL‐53‐NH2 nanocrystals by post‐synthetic modification with amino acids, such as l‐histidine (l‐His) and l‐glutamic acid (l‐Glu). The MIL‐53‐NH‐l‐His and MIL‐53‐NH‐l‐Glu nanocrystals were then embedded into polyethersulfone (PES) matrix to form homochiral MMMs, which exhibited excellent enantioselectivity for racemic 1‐phenylethanol with the highest enantiomeric excess value up to 100 %. This work, as an example, demonstrates the feasibility of fabricating diverse large‐scale homochiral MOF‐based MMMs for chiral separation.
Functional Models of the Nickel Pincer Nucleotide Cofactor of Lactate Racemase
Authors: Shi Renyi , Wodrich Matthew D. , Pan Hui‐Jie , Tirani Farzaneh Fadaei , Hu Xile 
Published: September 2019

AbstractA novel nickel pincer cofactor was recently discovered in lactate racemase. Reported here are three synthetic nickel pincer complexes that are both structural and functional models of the pincer cofactor in lactate racemase. DFT computations suggest the ipso‐carbon atom of the pyridinium pincer ligands act as a hydride acceptor for lactate isomerization, whereas an organometallic pathway involving nickel‐mediated β‐hydride elimination is less favored.
An [FeIII34] Molecular Metal Oxide
Authors: Dearle Alice E. , Cutler Daniel J. , Fraser Hector W. L. , Sanz Sergio , Lee Edward , Dey Sourav , Diaz‐Ortega Ismael F. , Nichol Gary S. , Nojiri Hiroyuki , Evangelisti Marco , Rajaraman Gopalan , Schnack Jürgen , Cronin Leroy , Brechin Euan K. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe dissolution of anhydrous iron bromide in a mixture of pyridine and acetonitrile, in the presence of an organic amine, results in the formation of an [Fe34] metal oxide molecule, structurally characterised by alternate layers of tetrahedral and octahedral FeIII ions connected by oxide and hydroxide ions. The outer shell of the complex is capped by a combination of pyridine molecules and bromide ions. Magnetic data, measured at temperatures as low as 0.4 K and fields up to 35 T, reveal competing antiferromagnetic exchange interactions; DFT calculations showing that the magnitudes of the coupling constants are highly dependent on both the Fe‐O‐Fe angles and Fe−O distances. The simplicity of the synthetic methodology, and the structural similarity between [Fe34], bulk iron oxides, previous FeIII–oxo cages, and polyoxometalates (POMs), hints that much larger molecular FeIII oxides can be made.