bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MEK‐ERK signaling diametrically controls the stimulation of IL‐23p19 and EBI3 expression in epithelial cells by IL‐36γ
Authors: Scholz Glen M , Heath Jacqueline E , Walsh Katrina A , Reynolds Eric C 
Published: February 2018

AbstractInterleukin (IL)‐36 cytokines are important regulators of mucosal homeostasis and inflammation. We previously established that oral epithelial cells strongly upregulate IL‐36γ expression in response to the bacterial pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis. Here, we have established that IL‐36γ stimulates the expression of the IL‐12 cytokine family members, IL‐23p19 and Epstein‐Barr Virus‐Induced Gene 3 (EBI3), by oral epithelial cells; their expression was also selectively stimulated by IL‐36α. Notably, IL‐23p19 and EBI3 expression was not stimulated by P. gingivalis, thus suggesting that their expression by the oral epithelium in response to P. gingivalis is likely to be mediated in an autocrine manner by IL‐36γ. The IL‐36γ‐inducible expression of IL‐23p19 and EBI3 was found to be diametrically regulated by the mitogen‐activated protein kinase/extracellular signal regulated kinase (MEK)‐extracellular signal‐regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) pathway, whereby the activation of MEK‐ERK signaling likely functions as a negative feedback mechanism to limit EBI3 expression. Furthermore, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling, which is important for mucosal homeostasis, was demonstrated to modulate, in a MEK‐ERK‐dependent manner, the stimulation of IL‐23p19 and EBI3 expression by IL‐36γ. IL‐23p19 and EBI3 have recently been shown to heterodimerize to form the novel cytokine IL‐39 and promote neutrophil expansion. EBI3 has been shown to also have IL‐12 cytokine family independent functions (e.g. mediating IL‐6 trans‐signaling). Thus, this study not only advances our understanding of how IL‐36 cytokines may control mucosal inflammation, but also establishes EGFR signaling as a potentially important modulator of IL‐36 cytokine function.
Relationship between nurse psychological empowerment and job satisfaction: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Li Huanhuan , Shi Ying , Li Yuan , Xing Zhuangjie , Wang Shouqi , Ying Jie , Zhang Meiling , Sun Jiao 
Published: February 2018

AbstractAimsThis systematic review and meta‐analysis aimed to synthesize and analyse studies that explored the relationship between the psychological empowerment and job satisfaction of nurses.BackgroundNurse turnover is an important cause of staff shortage. Job satisfaction is a major predictor of nurse turnover and is connected to the psychological empowerment of nurses.DesignThis systematic review and meta‐analysis is based on the Joanna Briggs Institute guidelines.Data SourcesA total of 1,572 articles on psychological empowerment and job satisfaction were retrieved from PubMed, PsycINFO, EMBASE and Web of Science. The articles were written in English and published before or by April 2017.MethodsStudies on the relationship between psychological empowerment and job satisfaction were summarized.ResultsThe majority of the included studies revealed that psychological empowerment and job satisfaction are significantly correlated. Only two studies showed that the two factors are not significantly correlated. The result of this meta‐analysis is consistent with the results of most studies. One study reported that psychological empowerment partially mediates the structural empowerment and job satisfaction of school health nurses. Two studies, however, did not find that the mediating role of psychological empowerment between structural empowerment and job satisfaction.ConclusionThe results of this review provided evidence for the importance of psychological empowerment for the job satisfaction of among nurses. Exploring the correlation between psychological empowerment and job satisfaction can provide guidelines and recommendation for the development of strategies to promote nurse retention and alleviate nursing shortage.
An umbrella review of clinical practice guidelines for the management of patients with hip fractures and a synthesis of recommendations for the pre‐operative period
Authors: Filiatreault Sarah , Hodgins Marilyn , Witherspoon Richelle 
Published: February 2018

AbstractAimThe aim of this review was to locate, retrieve and critically appraise practice guidelines for the management of hip fractures. Given increasing evidence that the early recognition and management of these fractures is integral to achieving optimal outcomes, recommendations for the pre‐operative period were synthesized and compared.BackgroundHip fractures are associated with high rates of adverse outcomes and high healthcare costs which has resulted in the development of multiple practice guidelines to inform clinical decision‐making.DesignAn umbrella review of practice guidelines was conducted which included a critical appraisal using the Appraisal of Guidelines, Research and Evaluation‐II instrument and a synthesis of pre‐operative management recommendations.Data SourcesMulti‐phased search for practice guidelines published in English using three bibliographic databases; three guideline network websites and three healthcare safety and quality organization websites with no date limit applied. Search was supplemented by contacting front‐line knowledge users and content experts.Review MethodsSteps for evidence‐informed practice were followed: form question then search for, appraise and synthesize the evidence.ResultsFive practice guidelines were appraised revealing significant variability in quality. The largest variability was in “rigour of development”. Recommendations for pre‐operative management were grouped into six categories: timing of surgery, expedited patient management, identification and treatment of correctable co‐morbidities, pain management, preventative measures and multidisciplinary management.ConclusionResults of this review illustrate that not all practice guidelines are of equal quality. Given the costs associated with the development and maintenance of high‐quality practice guidelines, such work may be more efficiently completed through international collaborations and then adapted for national and regional healthcare contexts.
Being in safe hands: Patients’ perceptions of how cancer services may support psychological well‐being
Authors: Appleton Lynda , Poole Helen , Wall Christine 
Published: February 2018

AbstractAimsTo explore how cancer services may positively promote and support patients’ well‐being throughout treatment. Specifically to identify components of care that are important to patients and meet their needs.BackgroundPatients commonly experience stress and uncertainty during their cancer journey which can have a negative impact on their psychological health and quality of life. Comparatively, little is known about how patients may experience positive well‐being during their treatment experience.DesignQualitative study using semi‐structured interviews.MethodsInterviews were conducted between 2014 – 2015 with a purposive sample of 30 individuals who were at the beginning, middle or end of treatment for lung, colorectal and head and neck cancer. The majority were outpatients and receiving radiotherapy, chemotherapy or a combination of these. The recordings were analysed using thematic analysis.ResultsPatients may obtain a range of positive health benefits derived from contact with staff, patients and public. Positive emotional gains were based on “being in safe hands” and part of the collective effort to eradicate cancer. This appeared to assist patients achieve favourable treatment responses, however, a range of factors encouraged and hindered them to express concerns.ConclusionInteractions with staff, patients and the hospital environment supported well‐being in those receiving cancer treatment. Findings demonstrate additional areas for research including the development of interventions to facilitate peer support and the implementation of communication strategies that promote well‐being.
Taking the Love Pill: A Reply to Naar and Nyholm
Authors: Spreeuwenberg Lotte 
Published: February 2018

AbstractIn recent discussions about whether the use of a love pill to enhance love in our romantic relationships is desirable, one argument centres on the question whether this love pill would secure the final value we attribute to love. Sven Nyholm argues that it would not, because one thing we desire for its own sake is to be at the origin of the love others feel for us. In a reply, Hichem Naar argues against Nyholm that a love pill does not need to be incompatible with the final value we attribute to love and that a love pill can have a facilitating role in the creation and sustainment of loving attachment. I think Naar is right but does not address Nyholm's worry completely. I will argue that Naar and Nyholm are speaking of different ends for which the love pill is used as a means, and that whether the love pill would fail or not fail to secure the final value we attribute to love, depends on this particular end.
Deficient invariant natural killer T cells had impaired regulation on osteoclastogenesis in myeloma bone disease
Authors: Jiang Fengjuan , Liu Hui , Liu Zhaoyun , Yan Siyang , Chen Jin , Shao Qing , Li Lijuan , Song Jia , Wang Guojin , Shao Zonghong , Fu Rong 
Published: February 2018

AbstractRecent research showed that invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells take part in the regulation of osteoclastogenesis. While the role of iNKT cells in myeloma bone disease (MBD) remains unclear. In our study, the quantity of iNKT cells and the levels of cytokines produced by them were measured by flow cytometry. iNKT cells and osteoclasts were induced from peripheral blood mononuclear cells after activation by α‐GalCer or RANKL in vitro. Then, gene expressions and the levels of cytokines were determined by RT‐PCR and ELISA, respectively. The results showed that the quantity of iNKT and production of IFN‐γ by iNKT cells were significantly decreased in newly diagnosed MM (NDMM), and both negatively related with severity of bone disease. Then, the osteoclasts from healthy controls were cultured in vitro and were found to be down‐regulated after α‐GalCer‐stimulated, while there was no significant change with or without α‐GalCer in NDMM patients, indicating that the regulation of osteoclastogenesis by iNKT cells was impaired. Furthermore, the inhibition of osteoclastogenesis by iNKT cells was regulated by IFN‐γ production, which down‐regulated osteoclast‐associated genes. In conclusion, the role of α‐GalCer‐stimulated iNKT cells in regulation of osteoclastogenesis was impaired in MBD, as a result of iNKT cell dysfunction.
Detection of tilapia lake virus (TiLV) infection by PCR in farmed and wild Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) from Lake Victoria
Authors: Mugimba K K , Chengula A A , Wamala S , Mwega E D , Kasanga C J , Byarugaba D K , Mdegela R H , Tal S , Bornstein B , Dishon A , Mutoloki S , David L , Evensen Ø , Munang'andu H M 
Published: February 2018

AbstractTilapia lake virus disease (TiLVD) has emerged to be an important viral disease of farmed Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) having the potential to impede expansion of aquaculture production. There is a need for rapid diagnostic tools to identify infected fish to limit the spread in individual farms. We report the first detection of TiLV infection by PCR in farmed and wild Nile tilapia from Lake Victoria. There was no difference in prevalence between farmed and wild fish samples (p = .65), and of the 442 samples examined from 191 fish, 28 were positive for TiLV by PCR. In terms of tissue distribution, the head kidney (7.69%, N = 65) and spleen (10.99%, N = 191), samples had the highest prevalence (p < .0028) followed by heart samples (3.45%, N = 29). Conversely, the prevalence was low in the liver (0.71%, N = 140) and absent in brain samples (0.0%, N = 17), which have previously been shown to be target organs during acute infections. Phylogenetic analysis showed homology between our sequences and those from recent outbreaks in Israel and Thailand. Given that these findings were based on nucleic acid detection by PCR, future studies should seek to isolate the virus from fish in Lake Victoria and show its ability to cause disease and virulence in susceptible fish.
Potential virulence factors of bacteria associated with tail fan necrosis in the spiny lobster, Jasus edwardsii
Authors: Zha H , Jeffs A , Dong Y , Lewis G 
Published: February 2018

AbstractTail fan necrosis (TFN) is a common condition found in commercially exploited spiny lobsters that greatly diminishes their commercial value. Bacteria possessing proteolytic, chitinolytic and lipolytic capabilities were associated with TFN in spiny lobsters, Jasus edwardsii. In this study, 69 bacterial isolates exhibiting all the three enzymatic capabilities from the haemolymph and tail fans of J. edwardsii with and without TFN were further characterized and compared, including morphology, biofilm formation, antimicrobial activity, antimicrobial resistance, and production of siderophores, melanin and ammonia. The genomic patterns of the most common Vibrio crassostreae isolates were also compared between TFN‐affected and unaffected lobsters. Biofilm formation was stronger in bacterial isolates from both haemolymph and tail fans of TFN‐affected lobsters compared to those from the unaffected lobsters, while melanin production and siderophore production were stronger in the isolates from tail fans of lobsters with TFN. By contrast, the other characteristics of isolates were similar in lobsters with and without TFN. The Vib. crassostreae isolates from the affected lobsters had similar genomic patterns. Overall, the results indicate that in addition to proteolytic, chitinolytic and lipolytic activities, the bacteria associated with TFN commonly have enhanced activity of important virulence factors, including biofilm formation, melanin production and siderophore production.
Association of Mac‐2‐binding protein glycosylation isomer level with nutritional status in chronic liver disease
Authors: Eso Yuji , Takai Atsushi , Taura Kojiro , Takahashi Ken , Ueda Yoshihide , Marusawa Hiroyuki , Seno Hiroshi 
Published: February 2018

AbstractBackground and AimMac‐2‐binding protein glycosylation isomer (M2BPGi) was recently identified as a serum glycobiomarker for liver fibrosis. However, the relationship between M2BPGi and malnutrition in patients with chronic liver disease (CLD) is unknown. We aimed to evaluate whether M2BPGi could be a surrogate marker for malnutrition in patients with CLD.MethodsIn total, 338 outpatients with CLD were enrolled (median age: 67 years). We evaluated the associations among liver fibrosis markers (M2BPGi, fibrosis‐4 index, and aspartate aminotransferase‐to‐platelet count ratio index), Child–Pugh stages, and nutritional status markers.ResultsThe median value (range) of serum M2BPGi levels was 0.94 cut‐off index (COI) (0.22–11.57) in chronic hepatitis and Child–Pugh A (n = 274), 4.775 COI (1.32–16.68) in Child–Pugh B (n = 46), and 11.37 COI (6.03–18.33) in Child–Pugh C (n = 18) (overall significance, P < 0.001). Serum M2BPGi levels showed a strong correlation with serum albumin concentration and controlling nutritional status score (rs = −0.649, P < 0.001 and rs = 0.671, P < 0.001, respectively). The correlations between M2BPGi and nutritional status markers were especially high in patients with hepatitis C virus infection and non‐B non‐C hepatitis and patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Among the three fibrosis markers, M2BPGi yielded the highest area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (0.920) for predicting hypoalbuminemia at an optimal cut‐off value of 2.41 (sensitivity, 87.3%; specificity, 87.6%; P < 0.001).ConclusionsSerum M2BPGi levels are correlated with nutritional status markers in patients with CLD and could be a useful clinical marker of malnutrition.
Core Outcome Set for Trials Aimed at Improving the Appropriateness of Polypharmacy in Older People in Primary Care
Authors: Rankin Audrey , Cadogan Cathal A. , ın Ryan Crist_ , Clyne Barbara , Smith Susan M. , Hughes Carmel M. 
Published: February 2018

OBJECTIVESTo develop a core outcome set (COS) for use in effectiveness trials of interventions aiming to improve the appropriateness of polypharmacy in older people in primary care.DESIGNStandard COS development methodology was followed, comprising identification of outcomes of studies from an update of a Cochrane systematic review and previously collected qualitative data and an online Delphi consensus exercise involving three rounds.PARTICIPANTSAn international panel of 160 stakeholders comprising 120 healthcare experts and a public participant panel of 40 older people.MEASUREMENTS: Outcomes identified from studies included in the Cochrane review and secondary analysis of previously collected qualitative data were scored on a 9‐point Likert scale using the GRADE scoring system anchored at 1 (not important) and 9 (critical). Consensus criteria for the COS were defined as 70% or more of participants scoring the outcome as critical and 15% or fewer scoring the outcome as not important.RESULTSTwenty‐nine outcomes identified from the Cochrane review and existing qualitative data were included in the Delphi exercise. The final COS comprised 16 outcomes. The 7 highest‐ranked outcomes were serious adverse drug reactions, medication appropriateness, falls, medication regimen complexity, quality of life, mortality, and medication side effects.CONCLUSIONA COS for interventions aiming to improve the appropriateness of polypharmacy for older people in primary care has been developed. Future work will focus on identifying appropriate tools to measure
Design and Validation of a Radio‐Frequency Identification‐Based Device for Routinely Assessing Gait Speed in a Geriatrics Clinic
Authors: Barry Lisa C. , Hatchman Laura , Fan Zhaoyan , Guralnik Jack M. , Gao Robert X. , Kuchel George A. 
Published: February 2018

ObjectivesTo evaluate the feasibility, acceptability, and validity of a radio‐frequency identification (RFID)‐based system to measure gait speed in a clinical setting as a first step to using unobtrusive gait speed assessment in routine clinical care.DesignFeasibility study comparing gait speed assessed using an RFID‐based system with gait speed assessed using handheld stopwatch, the criterion standard.SettingOutpatient geriatrics clinic at a Connecticut‐based academic medical center.ParticipantsClinic attendees who could walk independently with or without an assistive device (N=50) and healthcare providers (N=9).MeasurementsGait speed was measured in twice using 2 methods each time before participants entered an examination room. Participants walked at their usual pace while gait speed was recorded simultaneously using the RFID‐based system and a handheld stopwatch operated by a trained study investigator. After 2 trials, participants completed a brief survey regarding their experience. At the end of the study period, clinic healthcare providers completed a separate survey.ResultsTest‐retest reliability of the RFID‐based system was high (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.953). The mean difference ± standard deviation in gait speed between the RFID‐based system and the stopwatch was –0.003±0.035 m/s (p=.53) and did not differ significantly according to age, sex, or use of an assistive walking aid. Acceptability of the device was high, and 8 of 9 providers indicated that measuring gait speed using the RFID‐based system should be a part of routine clinical care.ConclusionRFID technology may offer a practical means of overcoming barriers to routine measurement of gait speed in real‐world outpatient clinical settings.
eHealth readiness of dietitians
Authors: Maunder K. , Walton K. , Williams P. , Ferguson M. , Beck E. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractBackgroundThe present study aimed to determine the eHealth readiness and changes over time of dietitians in Australia.MethodsTwo cross‐sectional analyses of Australian dietitians were conducted in 2013 and 2016, using a survey adapted from one conducted in 2011 by the US Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics. The survey encompassed 30 questions on eHealth readiness across five dimensions: access, standards, attitude, aptitude and advocacy. Descriptive statistics, independent t‐tests, chi‐squared tests and Z‐tests were computed to compare responses from the 2013 and 2016 surveys.ResultsThe survey completion rate represented 14.5% (747) of the Dietitians Association of Australia members in 2013 and 8% (417) in 2016. The survey responses in relation to access and standards suggest that dietitians are well positioned for eHealth. For attitude and aptitude, there is a moderate level of preparedness, with minor improvements over time. Although showing significant improvement (P < 0.05), advocacy highlights the area requiring the most development because the majority of dietitians (61%) reported ‘no role’ in eHealth solutions.ConclusionsDietitians are progressing in relation to access, attitudinal and aptitudinal readiness for eHealth, although they rate poorly with respect to advocacy readiness. It was concluded that dietitians are not yet ready, and also that valuable opportunities to achieve the benefits that eHealth can deliver will be missed, if dietitians do not take the lead in guiding the development, selection and implementation of nutrition‐related technologies. Strengthening the dimension of advocacy and ensuring collaboration across the profession, drawing on the varying expertise demonstrated across the practice areas and by the different generations, will be central to improving dietitian eHealth readiness.
Fermentable short chain carbohydrate (FODMAP) content of common plant‐based foods and processed foods suitable for vegetarian‐ and vegan‐based eating patterns
Authors: Tuck C. , Ly E. , Bogatyrev A. , Costetsou I. , Gibson P. , Barrett J. , Muir J. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractBackgroundThe low FODMAP (fermentable, oligo‐, di‐, mono‐saccharides and polyols) diet is an effective strategy to improve symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome. However, combining the low FODMAP diet with another dietary restriction such as vegetarianism/veganism is challenging. Greater knowledge about the FODMAP composition of plant‐based foods and food processing practices common to vegetarian/vegan eating patterns would assist in the implementation of the diet in this patient population. The present study aimed to quantify the FODMAP content of plant‐based foods common in vegetarian/vegan diets and to investigate whether food processing can impact FODMAP levels.MethodsTotal FODMAP content was quantified in 35 foods, including fructose‐in‐excess‐of‐glucose, lactose, sorbitol, mannitol, galacto‐oligosaccharide and total fructan, using high‐performance‐liquid‐chromatography and enzymatic assays. The effects of cooking, sprouting, pickling, fermentation, activation and canning on FODMAP content were assessed. The Monash University criteria to classify foods as low FODMAP was used.ResultsOf the 35 foods, 20 were classified as low FODMAP, including canned coconut milk (0.24 g serve–1), dulse (0.02 serve–1), nutritional yeast (0.01 serve–1), soy cheese (0.03 serve–1), tempeh (0.26 serve–1), wheat gluten (0.13 serve–1) and wheat grass (0.05 serve–1). No FODMAPs were detected in agar‐agar, egg replacer, vegan egg yolk, kelp noodles and spirulina. Food processing techniques that produced the greatest reduction in FODMAP content included pickling and canning.ConclusionsThe present study provides a greater FODMAP composition knowledge of plant‐based foods that can now be applied to the dietetic management of vegetarians/vegans requiring a low FODMAP diet. Food processing lowered the FODMAP content of foods, thereby increasing options for patients following a low FODMAP diet.