bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mechanical Vibration Influences the Perception of Electrovibration
Authors: Ryu Semin , Pyo Dongbum , Lim Soo-Chul , Kwon Dong-Soo 
Published: March 2018

AbstractRecently, various methods using, simultaneously, two types of tactile feedback have been proposed to emulate a real object. However, the possible masking effect when providing two types of tactile feedback has been scarcely reported. In this study, we investigated the masking effect caused by mechanical vibration on the perception of electrovibration. The absolute and difference thresholds of the electrovibration were measured according to the presence/absence, frequency, and intensity of the mechanical vibration. The absolute threshold of electrovibration tended to increase in the form of a ramp function, as the intensity of the masking stimulus (mechanical vibration) increased. Particularly, the masking effect was more remarkable when the frequency of both the target and the masking stimulus was the same (up to 13 dB increase with 25 dB SL masker). Furthermore, the difference in the threshold (average of 1.21 dB) did not significantly change due to the masking stimulus, when the sensation level intensity of the target stimulus was within the section following the Weber’s law. The results further indicated that electrovibration contributes to the activation of slowly adapting afferents as well. This investigation will provide important guidelines for the design of haptic interface that employs multiple types of tactile feedback.
Strain sensing characteristics of 3D‐printed conductive plastics
Authors: McGhee J.R. , Sinclair M. , Southee D.J. , Wijayantha K.G.U. 
Published: March 2018

Three types of commercially available conductive three‐dimensional (3D) printing filament are electrically characterised for use in 3D‐printed functional devices. The three plastics were carbon dispersed acrylonitrile butadiene styrene, carbon dispersed polylactic acid (PLA) and graphene dispersed PLA. The method of 3D printing used was material extrusion and prints were made in both single and dual extrusion modes. The plastics were found to be piezoresistive, enabling them to be characterised as strain sensors. The electrical characteristics of these materials enabled the measurement of strain using low cost, readily available prototyping equipment and minimising the requirement for dedicated instrumentation components (e.g. Wheatstone bridges). Increasing the thickness of the plastics improved conductivity. However, this also decreased the reliability and reproducibility of strain sensor data due to a complex internal 3D structure. The recommendation for reliable use in prototyping and manufacturing is to print tracking under 0.8 mm thickness, thus producing resistance measurements that are predictable and follow a linear regression up to R2 = 0.9991. A dual extruded 3D print was fabricated as a final demonstration. A force sensing resistor interface was created. The final demonstration uses a PIC18F45K20 microcontroller to process sensor inputs, outputting to an alphanumeric LCD.
Near-infrared scattering as a dust diagnostic
Authors: Saajasto Mika , Juvela Mika , Malinen Johanna 
Published: March 2018

Context. Regarding the evolution of dust grains from diffuse regions of space to dense molecular cloud cores, many questions remain open. Scattering at near-infrared wavelengths, or “cloudshine”, can provide information on cloud structure, dust properties, and the radiation field that is complementary to mid-infrared “coreshine” and observations of dust emission at longer wavelengths.
Aims. We examine the possibility of using near-infrared scattering to constrain the local radiation field and the dust properties, the scattering and absorption efficiency, the size distribution of the grains, and the maximum grain size.
Methods. We use radiative transfer modelling to examine the constraints provided by the J, H, and K bands in combination with mid-infrared surface brightness at 3.6 μm. We use spherical one-dimensional and elliptical three-dimensional cloud models to study the observable effects of different grain size distributions with varying absorption and scattering properties. As an example, we analyse observations of a molecular cloud in Taurus, TMC-1N.
Results. The observed surface brightness ratios of the bands change when the dust properties are changed. However, even a change of ±10% in the surface brightness of one band changes the estimated power-law exponent of the size distribution γ by up to ~30% and the estimated strength of the radiation field KISRF by up to ~60%. The maximum grain size Amax and γ are always strongly anti-correlated. For example, overestimating the surface brightness by 10% changes the estimated radiation field strength by ~20% and the exponent of the size distribution by ~15%. The analysis of our synthetic observations indicates that the relative uncertainty of the parameter distributions are on average Amax, γ ~ 25%, and the deviation between the estimated and correct values ΔQ < 15%. For the TMC-1N observations, a maximum grain size Amax > 1.5μm and a size distribution with γ > 4.0 have high probability. The mass weighted average grain size is ⟨am⟩ = 0.113μm.
Conclusions. We show that scattered infrared light can be used to derive meaningful limits for the dust parameters. However, errors in the surface brightness data can result in considerable uncertainties on the derived parameters.
Intra- und postoperative Komplikationen klassifiziert nach Clavien Dindo bei Patienten > 80 J. nach transurethraler Resektion der Harnblase
Authors: Barakat Bara , Dawood Yousif , Horstmann Marcus 
Published: March 2018

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung Das Urothelkarzinom der Harnblase ist ein Tumor des höheren Lebensalters. Mit dem demografischen Wandel nimmt die Zahl sehr alter Patienten (> 80 J), die sich einer TUR-B unterziehen müssen, zu.
Material und Methoden In einer retrospektiven Analyse wurden die perioperativen Komplikationen von 89 Patienten > 80 Jahren, bei denen zwischen 2013 und 2016 an unserer Klinik eine TUR-B durchgeführt worden war, nach der Clavien Dindo-Klassifikation evaluiert.
Ergebnisse Das mittlere Patientenalter lag bei 87 J (82 – 94). 81 (91 %) Patienten waren unter oraler Antikoagulation (32 × ASS, 24 × NOAK, 25 × Marcumar). Histologisch wurde bei 25/89 (28 %) Patienten kein Tumor detektiert, bei 28/89 (31 %) ein pTa, bei 22/89 (25 %) ein pT1 und bei 14/89 (16 %) ein T2-Tumor oder höher detektiert. Insgesamt traten nach der Clavien Dindo-Klassifikation bei 36/89 (40 %) Patienten Komplikationen auf. Bei 21/89 (23 %) Patienten kam es zur prolongierten spülpflichtigen Makrohämaturie mit einer erneuten TUR-B bei 5/89 Patienten (6 %). 14 Patienten wurden transfundiert, 6 davon präoperativ. Nach Clavien Dindo wurden die Komplikationen bei 4/89 (4 %) Patienten als max. I, bei 21/89 (24 %) als max. II, bei 5/89 (6 %) Pat. als max. IIIb und bei 3/89 (3 %) als max. IVa gewertet. Drei (3 %) Patienten verstarben postoperativ (Clavien V): Ein Patient infolge einer Aspirationspneumonie (86 J, ASA IV), einer infolge einer Lungenembolie (90 J, ASA IV) und einer infolge eines Multiorganversagens (84, ASA III). In multivariaten Analysen bestätigte sich ein Tumorstadium > T2 als signifikanter Prädikator für das Auftreten von postoperativen Komplikationen (Odds Ratio von 9,54 (95 %CI 1,14 – 84,67; p = 0,032). Für die oralen Antikoagulantien ergab sich eine Odds Ratio von 4,10 (95 %CI, 41,00 – 1,23; p = 0,050).
Schlussfolgerung Insgesamt zeigen die Daten, dass die TUR-B bei Patienten > 80 J abhängig von vorliegenden Risikofaktoren mit einer erhöhten Komplikationsrate behaftet durchführbar ist. Prolongierte Makrohämaturie und die hohe Transfusionsrate sind v. a. auf den hohen Anteil oral antikoagulierter Patienten zurückzuführen.
A near-infrared reflectance spectroscopic method for the direct analysis of several fodder-related chemical components in drumstick (Moringa oleifera Lam.) leaves
Authors: Zhang Junjie , Li Shuqi , Lin Mengfei , Yang Endian , Chen Xiaoyang 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
The drumstick tree has traditionally been used as foodstuff and fodder in several countries. Due to its high nutritional value and good biomass production, interest in this plant has increased in recent years. It has therefore become important to rapidly and accurately evaluate drumstick quality. In this study, we addressed the optimization of Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) to analyze crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber, iron (Fe), and potassium (K) in a variety of drumstick accessions (N = 111) representing different populations, cultivation programs, and climates. Partial least-squares regression with internal cross-validation was used to evaluate the models and identify possible spectral outliers. The calibration statistics for these fodder-related chemical components suggest that NIRS can predict these parameters in a wide range of drumstick types with high accuracy. The NIRS calibration models developed in this study will be useful in predicting drumstick forage quality for these five quality parameters.
Chaperone complex formation of the transcription factor MalR involved in maltose utilization and amylolytic enzyme production in Aspergillus oryzae
Authors: Konno Yui , Suzuki Kuta , Tanaka Mizuki , Shintani Takahiro , Gomi Katsuya 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
The Zn2Cys6-type transcription factor MalR controls the expression of maltose-utilizing (MAL) cluster genes and the production of amylolytic enzymes in Aspergillus oryzae. In the present study, we demonstrated that MalR formed a complex with Hsp70 and Hsp90 chaperones under non-inducing conditions similar to the yeast counterpart Mal63 and that the complex was released from the chaperone complex after the addition of the inducer maltose. The MalR protein was constitutively localized in the nucleus and mutation in both the putative nuclear localization signals (NLSs) located in the zinc finger motif and the C-terminal region resulted in the loss of nuclear localization. This result indicated the involvement of NSLs in the MalR nuclear localization. However, mutation in both NLSs did not affect the dissociation mode of the MalR-Hsp70/Hsp90 complex, suggesting that MalR activation induced by maltose can occur regardless of its intracellular localization.
Simulations of particle and heat fluxes in an ELMy H-mode discharge on EAST using BOUT++ code
Authors: Wu Y B , Xia T Y , Zhong F C , Zheng Z , Liu J B 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
In order to study the distribution and evolution of the transient particle and heat fluxes during edge-localized mode (ELM) bursts on the Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (EAST), the BOUT++ six-field two-fluid model is used to simulate the pedestal collapse. The profiles from the EAST H-mode discharge #56129 are used as the initial conditions. Linear analysis shows that the resistive ballooning mode and drift-Alfven wave are two dominant instabilities for the equilibrium, and play important roles in driving ELMs. The evolution of the density profile and the growing process of the heat flux at divertor targets during the burst of ELMs are reproduced. The time evolution of the poloidal structures of T
e is well simulated, and the dominant mode in each stage of the ELM crash process is found. The studies show that during the nonlinear phase, the dominant mode is 5, and it changes to 0 when the nonlinear phase goes to saturation after the ELM crash. The time evolution of the radial electron heat flux, ion heat flux, and particle density flux at the outer midplane (OMP) are obtained, and the corresponding transport coefficients D
r, χ
ir, and χ
er reach maximum around 0.3 ∼ 0.5 m2 s−1 at ΨN = 0.9. The heat fluxes at outer target plates are several times larger than that at inner target plates, which is consistent with the experimental observations. The simulated profiles of ion saturation current density (j
s) at the lower outboard (LO) divertor target are compared to those of experiments by Langmuir probes. The profiles near the strike point are similar, and the peak values of j
s from simulation are very close to the measurements.
The Effects of Corpus Use on Second Language Vocabulary Learning: A Multilevel Meta-analysis
Authors: Lee Hansol , Warschauer Mark , Lee Jang Ho 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
This study investigates the effects of corpus use on second language (L2) vocabulary learning as well as the influence of moderators on effectiveness. Based on 29 studies representing 38 unique samples, all of which met several criteria for inclusion (e.g. with control groups), we found an overall positive medium-sized effect of corpus use on L2 vocabulary learning for both short-term (77 posttest effect sizes; Hedges’ g = 0.74, SE = 0.09, p < .001) and long-term periods (34 follow-up effect sizes; Hedges’ g = 0.64, SE = 0.17, p < .001). Furthermore, large variation in adjusted mean effect sizes across moderators was revealed. Above all, for the different dimensions of L2 vocabulary knowledge, in-depth knowledge (i.e. referential meanings as well as syntactic features of vocabulary) was associated with a large effect size. Moreover, the results revealed that learners’ L2 proficiency and several features of corpus use (i.e. interaction types, corpus types, training, and duration) influence the magnitude of the effectiveness of corpus use in improving L2 vocabulary learning.
NGSphy: phylogenomic simulation of next-generation sequencing data
Authors: Escalona Merly , Rocha Sara , Posada David 
Published: March 2018

Abstract

Motivation
Advances in sequencing technologies have made it feasible to obtain massive datasets for phylogenomic inference, often consisting of large numbers of loci from multiple species and individuals. The phylogenomic analysis of next-generation sequencing (NGS) data requires a complex computational pipeline where multiple technical and methodological decisions are necessary that can influence the final tree obtained, like those related to coverage, assembly, mapping, variant calling and/or phasing.

Results
To assess the influence of these variables we introduce NGSphy, an open-source tool for the simulation of Illumina reads/read counts obtained from haploid/diploid individual genomes with thousands of independent gene families evolving under a common species tree. In order to resemble real NGS experiments, NGSphy includes multiple options to model sequencing coverage (depth) heterogeneity across species, individuals and loci, including off-target or uncaptured loci. For comprehensive simulations covering multiple evolutionary scenarios, parameter values for the different replicates can be sampled from user-defined statistical distributions.

Availability and implementation
Source code, full documentation and tutorials including a ‘Getting started’ guide are available at http://github.com/merlyescalona/ngsphy

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
A Bayesian framework for multiple trait colocalization from summary association statistics
Authors: Giambartolomei Claudia , Zhenli Liu Jimmy , Zhang Wen , Hauberg Mads , Shi Huwenbo , Boocock James , Pickrell Joe , Jaffe Andrew E ,   The CommonMind Consortium, Pasaniuc Bogdan , Roussos Panos 
Published: March 2018

Abstract

Motivation
Most genetic variants implicated in complex diseases by genome-wide association studies (GWAS) are non-coding, making it challenging to understand the causative genes involved in disease. Integrating external information such as quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping of molecular traits (e.g. expression, methylation) is a powerful approach to identify the subset of GWAS signals explained by regulatory effects. In particular, expression QTLs (eQTLs) help pinpoint the responsible gene among the GWAS regions that harbor many genes, while methylation QTLs (mQTLs) help identify the epigenetic mechanisms that impact gene expression which in turn affect disease risk. In this work, we propose multiple-trait-coloc (moloc), a Bayesian statistical framework that integrates GWAS summary data with multiple molecular QTL data to identify regulatory effects at GWAS risk loci.

Results
We applied moloc to schizophrenia (SCZ) and eQTL/mQTL data derived from human brain tissue and identified 52 candidate genes that influence SCZ through methylation. Our method can be applied to any GWAS and relevant functional data to help prioritize disease associated genes.
Availability and implementation: moloc is available for download as an R package (https://github.com/clagiamba/moloc). We also developed a web site to visualize the biological findings (icahn.mssm.edu/moloc). The browser allows searches by gene, methylation probe and scenario of interest.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Prolonged Detection of Zika Virus Nucleic Acid Among Symptomatic Pregnant Women: A Cohort Study
Authors: Lozier Matthew J , Rosenberg Eli S , Doyle Kate , Adams Laura , Klein Liore , Muñoz-Jordan Jorge , Alvarado Luisa I , Sharp Tyler M , Paz-Bailey Gabriela 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
A prospective cohort of women with reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) confirmed Zika virus infection aged 18–39 years in Puerto Rico found that pregnant women have about a 3-fold longer estimated median detection of Zika virus RNA in serum, which can increase definitive diagnosis of infection and facilitate timely and appropriate clinical management.
The Use of Serum Methadone/Metabolite Ratios to Monitor Changing Perinatal Pharmacokinetics
Authors: McCarthy John J. , Vasti Ernest J. , Leamon Martin H. , Graas Joseph , Ward Coburn , Fassbender Catherine 
Published: March 2018

Objectives:
Pregnancy profoundly alters drug metabolism, accelerating clearance and confounding medication management, primarily through induction of CYP450 enzymes. Methadone is a CYP450 substrate with altered pharmacokinetics during pregnancy. We report on the use of serum methadone/metabolite ratios (MMRs) to monitor changes in methadone metabolism through the perinatal period and to objectively guide methadone dosing. Previous research found average MMRs in nonpregnant populations of between 11.3 and 12.7.

Methods:
Serum methadone and its major metabolite 2-ethylidene-1,5-dimethyl-3,3-diphenylpyrrolidine concentrations were analyzed in 67 samples from 23 pregnant patients treated for opioid use disorder, and their calculated ratio was used to document changes in methadone clearance across trimesters and postpartum. Lower ratios indicate increased clearance.

Results:
The average MMR during pregnancy was 6.1. Ratios declined significantly from trimester 1 to trimester 3 (P = 0.007), and then rose significantly from trimester 3 to postpartum (P = 0.001). The per cent of ratios that were 4 or less, indicating ultrarapid metabolism, increased from 8% to 30% to 38% across trimesters, and decreased to 5% postpartum. Forty-four per cent of individual patients had at least 1 prepartum ratio of 4 or less.

Conclusions:
This study documents significant metabolic changes occurring perinatally, which indicate the need for both changes in methadone dose and dose frequency to maintain maternal/fetal stability, and also dose reductions as hypermetabolism reverses postpartum. MMRs provide an objective tool to more efficiently improve the safety and efficacy of methadone dosing perinatally.
Interprofessional Care and Teamwork in the ICU
Authors: Donovan Anne L. , Aldrich J. Matthew , Gross A. Kendall , Barchas Denise M. , Thornton Kevin C. , Schell-Chaple Hildy M. , Gropper Michael A. , Lipshutz Angela K. M. 
Published: March 2018

Objectives:
We describe the importance of interprofessional care in modern critical care medicine. This review highlights the essential roles played by specific members of the interprofessional care team, including patients and family members, and discusses quality improvement initiatives that require interprofessional collaboration for success.

Data Sources:
Studies were identified through MEDLINE search using a variety of search phrases related to interprofessional care, critical care provider types, and quality improvement initiatives. Additional articles were identified through a review of the reference lists of identified articles.

Study Selection:
Original articles, review articles, and systematic reviews were considered.

Data Extraction:
Manuscripts were selected for inclusion based on expert opinion of well-designed or key studies and review articles.

Data Synthesis:
“Interprofessional care” refers to care provided by a team of healthcare professionals with overlapping expertise and an appreciation for the unique contribution of other team members as partners in achieving a common goal. A robust body of data supports improvement in patient-level outcomes when care is provided by an interprofessional team. Critical care nurses, advanced practice providers, pharmacists, respiratory care practitioners, rehabilitation specialists, dieticians, social workers, case managers, spiritual care providers, intensivists, and nonintensivist physicians each provide unique expertise and perspectives to patient care, and therefore play an important role in a team that must address the diverse needs of patients and families in the ICU. Engaging patients and families as partners in their healthcare is also critical. Many important ICU quality improvement initiatives require an interprofessional approach, including Awakening and Breathing Coordination, Delirium, Early Exercise/Mobility, and Family Empowerment bundle implementation, interprofessional rounding practices, unit-based quality improvement initiatives, Patient and Family Advisory Councils, end-of-life care, coordinated sedation awakening and spontaneous breathing trials, intrahospital transport, and transitions of care.

Conclusions:
A robust body of evidence supports an interprofessional approach as a key component in the provision of high-quality critical care to patients of increasing complexity and with increasingly diverse needs.
Obesity and the Risk of Colonic Diverticulosis: A Meta-analysis
Authors: Wijarnpreecha Karn , Ahuja Wasin , Chesdachai Supavit , Thongprayoon Charat , Jaruvongvanich Veeravich , Cheungpasitporn Wisit , Ungprasert Patompong 
Published: March 2018

BACKGROUND:
The possible relationship between obesity and the risk of colonic diverticulosis has been suggested by recent epidemiologic studies, although the results were inconsistent.

OBJECTIVE:
This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to summarize all of the available data.

DATA SOURCES:
A comprehensive literature review was conducted using the MEDLINE and EMBASE databases through January 2017.

STUDY SELECTION:
Studies that compared the risk of colonic diverticulosis among subjects with obesity versus those without obesity were included.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:
Effect estimates from each study were extracted and combined together using a random-effect, generic inverse variance method.

RESULTS:
Of 2989 potentially eligible articles, 10 studies (9 cross-sectional studies and 1 prospective cohort study) with 53,520 participants met the eligibility criteria and were included in the meta-analysis. The risk of colonic diverticulosis in obese subjects was significantly higher than in those without obesity, with a pooled OR of 1.41 (95% CI, 1.20–1.65). The statistical heterogeneity was high, with an I2 of 75%.

LIMITATIONS:
High statistical heterogeneity and publication bias in favor of positive studies may have been present in this meta-analysis.

CONCLUSIONS:
A significant association between colonic diverticulosis and obesity was shown in this study. However, additional studies are still required to determine the causality. See Video Abstract at http://links.lww.com/DCR/A500.