Qualidade Microbiológica do Leite in natura comercializado na cidade de Castro Alves-BA
Authors: Rogrigues Roque Jairo Oliveira , Sant'anna Marinalva Estacio de Barbosa , Cordeiro Soraia Machado , Pinheiro Darcy Pires de Matos , Tigre Dellane Martins 
Published: April 2018

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Calibri;">Introdução</span></strong><span style="font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri;">: O leite é um alimento com excepcional valor nutritivo, amplamente consumido pela população mundial, entretanto, é também um excelente meio de cultura para muitos micro-organismos. A existência de problemas relacionados às condições higiênicas deficientes durante os processos de obtenção, manipulação e conservação são as principais razões para a perda de qualidade do leite. <strong>Objetivo</strong>: Considerando a importância que o leite assume na alimentação humana, realizou-se o presente trabalho com o objetivo de avaliar a qualidade microbiológica do leite cru, obtido por ordenha manual, comercializado na cidade de Castro Alves, Bahia, e comparar os resultados com os valores estabelecidos pela RDC Nº 12 que regulamenta os padrões microbiológicos para alimentos. <strong>Metodologia</strong>: Foram analisadas 20 amostras de leite cru, de janeiro a maio de 2011. Após a recepção das amostras junto aos comerciantes da região, estas foram acondicionadas, sob-refrigeração, e encaminhadas ao Laboratório de Microbiologia de Alimentos para determinação dos coliformes totais e fecais, isolamento de <em>Escherichia coli</em>, contagem de <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> e detecção direta de <em>Salmonella.</em> <strong>Resultados</strong>: Todas as amostras analisadas (100%) apresentaram valores elevados de coliformes totais, e coliformes fecais acima dos preconizados pela legislação. Seis amostras (30%) confirmaram a presença de <em>E. coli</em>, um importante enteropatógeno de origem fecal. Também foi evidenciado que 6 amostras estavam contaminadas com <em>S.aureus</em>. <em>Salmonella </em>spp. foi encontrada em 5 amostras (25%), micro-organismo esse que deve estar ausente em qualquer alimento destinado ao consumo humano. <strong>Conclusão</strong>: Os resultados encontrados nesta pesquisa demonstraram que a qualidade microbiológica do leite analisado esta insatisfatória, uma vez que nenhuma amostra atendeu aos requisitos estabelecidos pela legislação, principalmente devido a elevada contagem de coliformes fecais e presença de <em>Salmonella</em> spp. Tais achados constituem-se um motivo de preocupação em saúde pública, sobretudo, em função do risco representado pelo consumo desse produto pela população.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;" lang="EN-US">Microbiological Quality of raw milk marketed in Castro Alves-BA</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;"><strong><span style="font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;" lang="EN-US">Background:</span></strong><span style="font-size: 8.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;" lang="EN-US"> Milk is a food of exceptional nutritional value, widely consumed by the population; however, is also an excellent culture medium for many microorganisms. The existence of problems related to poor hygienic conditions during the process of obtaining, handling and storage are the main reasons for the loss of milk quality. <strong>Objective</strong>: Considering the importance that milk takes in food, took place this work in order to assess the microbiological quality of raw milk obtained by milking, marketed in the city of Castro Alves, Bahia, and compare the results with the values<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>established by RDC No. 12, which regulates the microbiological standards for foods. <strong>Methodology</strong>: We analyzed 20 samples of raw milk, from January to May 2011. After acquiring the samples along with local businessmen, they were placed under-cooling, and sent to the Food Microbiology Laboratory to determination of total and fecal coliforms, <em>Escherichia coli</em> isolation, <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> on plates and direct detection of <em>Salmonella</em>. <strong>Results</strong>: All samples (100%) showed elevated levels of total coliforms and fecal coliforms above those recommended by the legislation. Six samples (30%) confirmed the presence of <em>E. coli</em>, an important enteropathogen of fecal origin. It was also shown that six samples were contaminated with <em>S. aureus</em>. <em>Salmonella </em>spp. was found in 5 samples (25%), the microorganism should be absent in other foods for human consumption. <strong>Conclusion</strong>: The findings of this study demonstrated that the microbiological quality of milk is considered unsatisfactory, since no sample meets the requirements established by legislation, mainly due to high fecal coliform counts and the presence of <em>Salmonella </em>spp.. These findings constitute a cause for concern in public health, mainly due to the risk posed by consumption of this product by the population.</span></p> <strong><span style="font-size: 8.0pt; font-family: ";Calibri";,";sans-serif";; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="EN-US">Keywords:</span></strong><span style="font-size: 8.0pt; font-family: ";Calibri";,";sans-serif";; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="EN-US"> Dairy Products. Quality Control.Coliforms. 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