bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preferences for Health Information and Decision-Making Autonomy among Chinese Patients with T2DM in the mHealth Era
Authors: NIE LISA , XIE BO , YANG YAN , BROWN SHARON A. 
Published: June 2018

This cross-sectional survey study explored (1) individual preferences for health information and decision-making autonomy among Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM); (2) their use of mHealth in diabetes self-management; and (3) the relationship between their mHealth use and preferences for health information and decision-making autonomy. Sample size: 200 Mandarin-speaking Chinese patients with T2DM; age range: 26-90 years (Mean: 59.91; SD: 12.17); Mean time since diabetes diagnosis: 7.4 years. Data were collected in February 2017 via a paper-and-pen questionnaire at a general hospital in China. The questionnaire was in Chinese, and measured preferences for health information and decision-making autonomy and mHealth use. Key findings: Participants wanted to have a wide range of health information and participation in decision-making. Gender, health status, and knowledge about diabetes were associated with differences in information wanted and participation in decision-making, but age was not. Half (50.5%) of the participants used smartphones to access the Internet and look for health information; 71% used smartphones to receive/read health-related posts; and 24% had at least one health-related application installed on their smartphones. Smartphone use frequency for health information and participation in decision-making had a significant interaction effect (p &lt; .01), the strength of which varied across seven subscales (specific health condition, treatment, laboratory tests, self-management, complementary/alternative medicine, psychosocial aspects, and healthcare providers). The overall health information wanted was positively related to use of smartphones to receive health-related posts (p &lt;.01). This study has implications for research and clinical practice, especially given the shift from disease-centered to patient-centered care and increasing use of mobile technology in health care.

Disclosure
L. Nie: None. B. Xie: None. Y. Yang: None. S.A. Brown: None.
Reasons for Insulin Omission—What Matters Most?
Authors: OSBORN CHANDRA Y. , SEARS LINDSAY E. , HIRSCH ASHLEY , RAYMOND JENNIFER , HEYMAN MARK , HEAD RACHEL , DACHIS JEFF 
Published: June 2018

Background: One in 3 people with diabetes (88% with type 2 diabetes [T2D]) do not take insulin as recommended an average ∼3.3 days per month. Insulin omission (IO) is associated with suboptimal A1c. Reasons for IO are multifactorial (e.g., cost, fear, stigma). Unclear are what matters most for reducing IO and improving A1c.
Objective: We assessed 10 reasons for IO among a national sample of people with T2D, and identified reasons that, if addressed, might improve A1c.
Methods: Adults (age 18-75 years) with T2D self-selected to be in a randomized control trial comparing inhalable, ultra-rapid-acting insulin (Afrezza) with One Drop’s digital therapeutics solution vs. injectable, rapid-acting insulin with One Drop. A HIPAA protected, online survey screened potential participants. Eligible persons completed a baseline survey and NGSP certified A1c test. Survey items collected demographics, reasons for IO, and responses to the ARMS-D and SDSCA-IS to assess IO. We used SPSS v25 for psychometric, descriptive, and multivariate statistics, and PROCESS v3 for unadjusted and adjusted mediation models with bootstrapped (10K) CIs.
Results: Participants (N=269) were 50±11 years old, 51% male, 30% non-white, 90% insured, with 13±8 years since a T2D diagnosis, and A1c 8.8%±1.8%. ARMS-D insulin had internal consistency reliability (α=.82), and convergent validity with SDSCA-IS (rho=.46, p&lt;.001). IO was associated with higher A1c (β=.39, p&lt;.001). Cost (coef.=.08; 95% CI:.02-.15), disruption (coef.=.07; 95% CI:.001-.15), fear of side effects (coef.=.15; 95% CI:.07-.26), and burnout (coef.=.11; 95% CI:.05-.19) had indirect effects on higher A1c through IO. Reasons were not directly related to A1c.
Discussion: Cost, disruption, fear, and burnout were associated with IO, and higher A1c through IO. Given time and resources constraints, clinic visits and self-care interventions must prioritize and address modifiable factors contributing to both non-adherence and higher A1c. Such efforts may be more effective than other approaches.

Disclosure
C.Y. Osborn: Employee; Self; One Drop. Research Support; Self; MannKind Corporation. Stock/Shareholder; Self; One Drop. L.E. Sears: Employee; Self; Informed Data Systems Inc.. Research Support; Self; MannKind Corporation. A. Hirsch: Employee; Self; One Drop. Research Support; Self; MannKind Corporation. J. Raymond: None. M. Heyman: Employee; Self; One Drop. R. Head: None. J. Dachis: Stock/Shareholder; Self; One Drop. Board Member; Self; One Drop. Employee; Self; One Drop.
Assessment of Infusion Set Survival of the Newly Developed Lantern Catheter in Type 1 Diabetes by Glucose CLA Technique
Authors: AJSIC AMRA , KRASSER MICHAEL C. , JULIUSSEN RASMUS , SCHØNDORFF PERNELLE K. , HESCHEL MATTHIAS , PÖTTLER TINA , SCHWARZENBACHER DANIELA , AUGUSTIN THOMAS , PIEBER THOMAS R. , TREIBER GERLIES , MADER JULIA K. 
Published: June 2018

The catheter-tissue interface is the bottle neck of insulin pump therapy (CSII). Currently infusion sets shall be changed every 2-3 days to avoid lipohypertrophy, fluctuations in insulin absorption and occlusion. Patients would prefer an extended wear time if stable insulin absorption could be achieved. The novel catheter featuring Lantern Technology shall allow more stable insulin delivery via slots in the shaft of the soft cannula even if kinking or clotting occurs. The aim of the present study was to investigate clinical performance of the coated Lantern catheter in 16 patients with type 1 diabetes using CSII over a period of up to 7 days. A combined design comprising inpatient (euglycemic clamps on days 1, 4 and 7) and outpatient phases (insulin pump therapy over 7 days) is chosen to allow assessment of performance and survival time of the Lantern catheter. 16 c-peptide negative patients (age 44.2 ± 15.4 years, BMI 24.5 ± 2.3 kg/m2, HbA1c 55 ± 8 mmol/mol, diabetes duration 20 ± 9 years) completed the 7-day study period. Geometric means of maximum glucose infusion rates (GIR) were similar for days 1, 4 and 7 (6.1 ± 1.5, 7.2 ± 1.3, 5.8 ± 1.4; p=0.14). Time to reach 50% of the maximum GIR were similar over time (31.5 ± 1.6 minutes vs. 29.3 ± 1.3 minutes vs. 27.3 ± 1.3 minutes for days 1, 4 and 7 respectively; p=0.51). Area under the log-transformed GIR curve did not significantly differ for the first 2 hours between days (343.7 ± 1.5 vs. 421.3 ± 1.6 vs. 350.6 ± 1.8; p=0.14; days 1, 4 and 7, respectively); however, there was a trend towards reduced area under the GIR curve over 8 hours over time (874.2 ± 1.4 vs. 744.5 ± 1.7 vs. 509.2 ± 2.0; days 1, 4 and 7, respectively; p&lt;0.05). During outpatient care no severe hypoglycemic event or ketoacidosis occurred. The novel Lantern catheter could be safely used over an extended wear-time of 7 days. There was a trend towards reduced insulin action over time. The findings need to be confirmed in a larger scale trial under routine conditions.

Disclosure
A. Ajsic: None. M.C. Krasser: None. R. Juliussen: Employee; Self; ConvaTec Inc. P.K. Schøndorff: Employee; Spouse/Partner; ConvaTec Inc.. M. Heschel: None. T. Pöttler: None. D. Schwarzenbacher: None. T. Augustin: None. T.R. Pieber: Consultant; Self; Arecor, AstraZeneca, Eli Lilly and Company, Novo Nordisk A/S, Sanofi. Employee; Self; CBmed. Research Support; Self; Novo Nordisk A/S, AstraZeneca. G. Treiber: None. J.K. Mader: Speaker's Bureau; Self; Roche Diabetes Care Health and Digital Solutions, Novo Nordisk A/S. Advisory Panel; Self; Eli Lilly and Company. Consultant; Self; Becton, Dickinson and Company. Speaker's Bureau; Self; Sanofi. Research Support; Self; ConvaTec Inc., Menarini Group. Speaker's Bureau; Self; Medtronic. Research Support; Self; Novo Nordisk A/S, Sanofi.
Effect of Remote Glucose Monitoring Utilizing Computerized Insulin Dose Adjustment Algorithms on A1C Levels—A Preliminary Report
Authors: DAVIDSON MAYER B. , DAVIDSON JOSH 
Published: June 2018

Adjusting insulin doses is very challenging for primary care physicians because of infrequent office visits and time constraints at the visit. For patients, frequent office visits are a barrier. We have used FDA-approved, computerized insulin dose adjustment algorithms and remote glucose monitoring to circumvent both of these issues. Diabetic patients in a safety net clinic who took insulin for at least 6 months with A1C levels ?8.0% were enrolled in a study in which an iHealth glucose meter was attached to a smartphone containing an app downloaded from the Web that transmitted the glucose values to a secure, HIPAA-approved server. There the values were analyzed by the algorithms and a report with recommendations for dose changes was generated and sent to a clinic nurse practitioner every 2-3 weeks who could accept or modify the recommendations. A clinic staff individual contacted the patient with the insulin dose changes. Twenty-eight diabetic patients (one type 1) have reached 3 months. Their mean age (± SD) was 55.9 ± 8.6 years, 15 were females and 13 were males. There were 20 Latinos, 4 African-Americans, 3 Caucasians, and 1 Asian. Their insulin regimens were: basal alone - 11, basal/bolus - 14 and self-mixed/split - 3. Non-insulin drugs were not changed. Their baseline A1C levels (± SD) of 10.0% ± 1.2 decreased by 1.9% ± 0.9 to 8.1% ± 1.1 after 3 months. Their total insulin dose increased by 24%. There were no episodes of severe hypoglycemia (requiring 2nd party assistance) nor emergency room visits for hypoglycemia.
Conclusion: Remote glucose monitoring utilizing computerized insulin dose adjustment algorithms to analyze glucose values and generating recommendations for dose changes at more frequent intervals markedly improved A1C levels in poorly controlled diabetic patients in the absence of office visits.

Disclosure
M.B. Davidson: Employee; Self; Insulin Algorithms, Inc. J. Davidson: Employee; Self; Insulin Algorithms.
A Feasibility Study to Detect Neonatal Hypoglycemia Using Real-Time Continuous Glucose Monitoring
Authors: NALLY LAURA M. , BONDY NICHOLAS W. , DOIEV JASMINE , BUCKINGHAM BRUCE , WILSON DARRELL 
Published: June 2018

Introduction: Infants of diabetic mothers are at high risk of hypoglycemia (&lt;47 mg/dl) after birth, with rates approaching 50% in the first 48 hours of life (HOL).
Methods: Infants born at ≥34 weeks gestation to mothers with diabetes had a CGM placed after birth and were remotely monitored by research staff during their hospitalization. Clinical staff and families were blinded to CGM data. For CGM readings &lt;45 mg/dl, research staff requested a heelstick blood glucose (BG) using the hospital glucometer.
Results: Eleven infants were studied. Mothers had an average A1c of 5.6% (range 4.7-6.8%) prior to delivery and 82% required insulin. Hypoglycemia (&lt;45 mg/dl) was confirmed in 7 of 11 infants with 14 events at less than 12 HOL, 2 events between 12-24 HOL, and 1 event at &gt;48 HOL. CGM detected hypoglycemia 4 times when the infant was not due for a BG check based on the standard of care. The true positive rate for sensor-detected hypoglycemia was 40% and the false positive rate was 60%. CGM detected 24% of the hypoglycemic events that the usual intermittent pre-prandial BG checks would have missed.
Conclusion: We conclude that CGM is safe and may provide added benefit for detecting hypoglycemia when used early after birth.Table. Neonatal characteristics and duration of hypoglycemia based on CGM readings. Reported as mean ± SD, (range).Neonatal CharacteristicsRemote Monitoring (n=11)Gestational Age (wk)38.4 ± 1.6 (34 - 39.4)Birth weight (kg)3.4 ± 0.6 (2.4 - 4.2)Mean CGM Glucose (mg/dl)64 ± 20 (50 - 114)CGM placed (HOL)2.9 ± 0.6 (1.5 - 3.7)CGM recording started (HOL)6.0 ± 0.7 (5.1 - 7.3)Duration of CGM records (hr) **Median (IQR)31.2 (13.2 - 41.5)Duration of Time BG &lt;45 mg/dl (hr) **Median (IQR)2.7 (0.1 - 5.0)

Disclosure
L.M. Nally: None. N.W. Bondy: None. J. Doiev: None. B. Buckingham: Advisory Panel; Self; Novo Nordisk Inc., ConvaTec Inc.. Research Support; Self; Medtronic, Insulet Corporation, Dexcom, Inc., Tandem Diabetes Care, Inc.. Consultant; Self; Tandem Diabetes Care, Inc., Becton, Dickinson and Company. D. Wilson: Research Support; Self; T1D Exchange, Medtronic MiniMed, Inc., Dexcom, Inc., National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Insulet Corporation. Advisory Panel; Self; Tolerion.
HbA1c Trends with Treatment Intensification following Inadequate Response to Two Oral Agents in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: KIM KIBUM , UNNI SUDHIR , BRIXNER DIANA , THOMAS SHEILA , OLSEN CODY J. , STERLING KIMBERLY L. , MITCHELL MATT , MCADAM-MARX CARRIE 
Published: June 2018

Objectives: To describe HbA1c trends 1-year post treatment intensification to insulin or non-insulin agents in patients with insufficient HbA1c control while on 2 oral antidiabetic agents (2 OADs).
Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted in a regional health plan claims database from 1/1/2010 to 3/31/2017. Included patients had type 2 diabetes (T2D) and their treatment was intensified with insulin, a GLP-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA) or a 3rd OAD within a year from an HbA1c ≥7.0% while on 2 OADs. HbA1c was estimated monthly by intensification with insulin or non-insulin (i.e., GLP-1RA and 3rd OAD) agents using a mixed-effect model.
Results: The study analyzed a total of 3,909 HbA1c measures from 1,226 patients. HbA1c reductions were significant, but most patients continued to have inadequate glycemic control (HbA1c ≥7.0%). Those receiving insulin had a higher baseline HbA1c (p&lt;0.01), but showed more substantial HbA1c decrease vs. those intensified with a non-insulin agent (p&lt;0.01), controlling for baseline HbA1c.
Conclusion: In patients with T2D, intensification following suboptimal glycemic control while on 2 OADs was associated with significant improvement in HbA1c control. Insulin intensification was associated with worse control at baseline, but greater HbA1c reduction than non-insulin intensification. Additional opportunity exists to improve glycemic control.

Disclosure
K. Kim: None. S. Unni: Research Support; Self; AstraZeneca, Sanofi-Aventis. D. Brixner: Research Support; Self; Sanofi. S. Thomas: Employee; Self; Sanofi. Stock/Shareholder; Self; Sanofi. C.J. Olsen: None. K.L. Sterling: Employee; Self; Sanofi. Stock/Shareholder; Self; Eli Lilly and Company. M. Mitchell: None. C. McAdam-Marx: Research Support; Self; AstraZeneca, Sanofi.
Factors Associated with High Glycemic Variability Defined by Coefficient of Variation in Hypo-Prone Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: GOMEZ ANA MARIA 
Published: June 2018

Objective: To determine clinical variables associated with high glucose variability (GV) evaluated by continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and high risk of hypoglycemia.
Methods: A observational study with retrospective cohort analysis of the data was done. We included patients with T2D and history of hypoglycemia as an indication of CGM. GV was calculated using different metrics. They were classified depending on the coefficient of variation (CV) in 2 groups (&lt;30% and ≥30%). Hypoglycemia was defined as interstitial glucose levels lower than 54 mg/dL for at least 20 minutes. For possible association between clinical variables and the CV, we did a bivariate dichotomous logistic regression model, then for the construction of the multivariate model, all the variables were included.
Results: 148 patients were included, 52 patients had hypoglycemia (35.1%). 52.0% were classified in the group with CV ≥ 30%. Three variables presented statistically significant differences: BMI comparing overweight vs. normal (OR 0.35; IC 95%, 0.16-0.78, p 0.010) and obesity vs. normal BMI (OR 0.34; IC 95%, 0.14-0.82, p 0.017), duration of diabetes (OR 1.03; IC 95%, 1.00-1.07, p 0.047) and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) between 30-45 ml/min (OR 2.93; IC 95%, 1.06-8.06, p 0.037), in the bivariate analysis. Female gender (OR 2.14; IC 95%, 1.03-4.46, p 0.041), BMI comparing overweight vs. normal (OR 0.31; IC 95%, 0.13-0.73, p 0.007) and obesity vs. normal BMI (OR 0.22; IC 95%, 0.06-0.61, p 0.003), GFR between 30-45 ml/min (OR 3.92; IC 95%, 1.29-11.93, p 0.016) and diabetic neuropathy (OR 2.39; IC 95%, 1.07-5.32, p 0.033) presented statistically significant differences in the multivariate model.
Conclusion: this study suggested association between clinical variables such as female gender, normal BMI, GFR between 30-45 and diabetic neuropathy with high CV in hypo-prone T2D patients. However, these results should be confirmed with randomized clinical trials.

Disclosure
A. Gomez: Research Support; Self; Novo Nordisk A/S. Speaker's Bureau; Self; Eli Lilly and Company, Medtronic, Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation. Research Support; Self; Abbott.
Short-Chain Fatty Acids Prevent Diabetic Nephropathy In Vivo and In Vitro
Authors: HUANG WEI , XU YONG , XU YOUHUA , ZHOU LUPING , GAO CHENLIN 
Published: June 2018

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Over the past decade, the gut microbiota metabolites—short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), have emerged as new therapeutic targets of systemic inflammatory diseases and kidney injury such as acute kidney injury (AKI) via GPRs-β-arrestins signaling pathway and histone deacetylase-inhibiting (HDACi) properties. However, it is unclear whether SCFAs might prevent DN. Therefore, we evaluated the role and mechanism of the three main SCFAs (acetate, propionate, and butyrate) in streptozotocin (STZ) and high-fat diet (HFD)-induced type 2 diabetes (T2D) and DN mouse model in vivo and in high glucose-induced mouse glomerular mesangial cells (GMCs) and human proximal renal tubular epithelia cells in vitro. Our results found that exogenous SCFAs administration, especially butyrate, protected from experimental T2D, preventing the renal dysfunction and inhibiting oxidative stress and NF-κB inflammatory signaling in vivo. The GPR43 expression decreased, however, β-arrestin-2 expression increased in both high glucose-stimulated renal intrinsic cells and in DN kidney tissue. We hypothesized that SCFAs-mediated GPR43-β-arrestin-2 signaling might modulate kidney injury. GPR43 was over-expressed or suppressed by transfection with a GPR43 expressing vector or siRNA-GPR43 respectively. Exogenous SCFAs-mediated the anti-oxidative stress and anti-inflammatory effects were significantly facilitated or imitated by over-expression GPR43 or GPR43 agonist, but which were inhibited by siRNA-GPR43. Specifically, co-IP revealed that butyrate regulated the interaction between I-κBα and β-arrestin-2 via GPR43. Overall, this is the first observation of the potential therapeutic role of SCFAs in DN, we demonstrated that SCFAs improved STZ and HFD-induced renal dysfunction and inhibited NF-κB activation through GPR43-β-arrestin-2 signaling, suggesting a likely mechanism for SCFAs-mediated therapeutic effect in DN.

Disclosure
W. Huang: None. Y. Xu: None. Y. Xu: None. L. Zhou: None. C. Gao: None.
A1C vs. Glucose Downloads—Which Is the Better Gold Standard?
Authors: PERLMAN JORDAN E. , ROSENBAUM JENNIFER L. , MCNULTY BRIDGET K. , HIRSCH IRL B. 
Published: June 2018

Introduction: The ADAG Study Group defined the relationship between average blood glucose (AG) and A1C. They derived a linear equation valid across diabetes types and the complete spectrum of glucose control. This study aims to determine appropriate clinical use of the ADAG equation to substitute home glucose monitoring for A1C.
Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed of downloaded glucose data from patients prescribed insulin at the UW Diabetes Center between 1/2011-10/2017. Eligible charts required: 1) 2 weeks of fingerstick glucose (SMBG) data with &gt;14 checks or 1 month of CGM with &gt;14 complete days and, 2) an A1C measured within 1 month of the encounter. The SMBG and CGM means were obtained from downloads. The associated A1C was used to extrapolate AG via the ADAG equation. The downloaded data and A1C-derived averages were compared. The analysis was repeated excluding comorbidities known to impact A1C.
Results: The downloaded AG was within 15% of that predicted by ADAG in 68% of patients (N=537). This criterion was met by 65% of patients using SMBG (N=401) and 67% of those checking &gt;1x/day (N=359). The percentage was not different in patients checking &gt;3x/day (71%; N=189). For CGM data, 79% of AGs were within 15% of A1C projection (N=136). CGM had superior ADAG agreement compared to SMBG (p&lt;0.01). After excluding comorbidities (N=209), 72% of AGs were within 15% of ADAG estimation. This was higher than when looking at comorbidities alone (57%, N=228, p&lt;0.001). In CGM users (no comorbidities, N=72), 82% of AGs were within 15% of expected. CGM again had better ADAG agreement than SMBG (p&lt;0.01). Diabetes type did not predict ADAG agreement in any population. Our data replicated the ADAG equation following exclusion of comorbidities.
Conclusion: For most patients, SMBG and CGM data provide an important confirmatory assessment of A1C. However, in over 40% with (and about 30% without) a comorbidity, home glucose data are discordant with A1C. For many, downloaded glucose data gives a better assessment of overall diabetes control.

Disclosure
J.E. Perlman: None. J.L. Rosenbaum: None. B.K. McNulty: None. I.B. Hirsch: Research Support; Self; Medtronic MiniMed, Inc.. Consultant; Self; Abbott, Bigfoot Biomedical, Roche Diabetes Care Health and Digital Solutions, ADOCIA.
Effectiveness and Tolerability of Vildagliptin plus Metformin Compared with Other Oral Dual Antidiabetes Agents in Different Baseline HbA1c Patients with Type 2 Diabetes—A Real-World Study (China PDS)
Authors: HU DAQING , HAN YING , CHEN LIXIAN , JIN HUI , YANG NAILONG , SHI XIAOYUN , LI QUANMIN , LIANG LINLANG , ZANG LI , LIU MINGMING , HE JAMES , MU YIMING 
Published: June 2018

Background and Aim: China PDS aimed to investigate the real-world effectiveness and tolerability of vildagliptin plus metformin (VM) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), compared with other oral dual agents (OD). Here, we present the results of prespecified baseline HbA1c subgroups.
Materials and Methods: In China PDS, T2DM patients with poor glycemic control by monotherapy were assigned to either VM dual therapy or OD therapy according to local physician’s decision. In this subgroup study, patients were divided into three groups according to their baseline HbA1c levels (≤8%, 8-9%, &gt;9%). The primary outcome was the proportion of patients with HbA1c&lt;7% and without tolerability events (hypoglycemia, weight gain, or discontinuation due to gastrointestinal event) at 12th month. Secondary outcomes included mean changes in HbA1c from baseline to study endpoint and tolerability.
Results: In total, 7(312 in VM vs. 394 in OD) patients in HbA1c≤8% group, 332 (151 in VM vs. 181 in OD) patients in HbA1c 8-9% group, and 236 (141 in VM vs. 95 in OD) patients in HbA1c&gt;9% group were enrolled. Compared with OD, significantly higher proportion of patients reached primary outcome with VM in HbA1c ≤8% group (57.4% vs. 38.3%, P&lt;0.001), in HbA1c 8-9% group (39.7% vs. 26.0%, P=0.008), and in HbA1c&gt;9% group (48.2% vs. 31.6%, P=0.011). The mean HbA1c changes from baseline to study endpoint in VM and OD were -0.61±0.932 and -0.32±0.874 (P&lt;0.001) in HbA1c≤8% group, -1.37±1.072 and -0.97±1.169 (P&lt;0.001) in HbA1c 8-9% group, and -2.71±1.392 and -2.39±1.4(P=0.305) in HbA1c&gt;9% group. Compared with OD, VM resulted in less tolerability findings (HbA1c≤8%: 7.7% vs. 16.8%; HbA1c 8-9%: 2.6% vs. 9.4%; HbA1c&gt;9%: 5.0% vs. 16.8%; P&lt;0.for all).
Conclusion: In different baseline HbA1c groups, vildagliptin plus metformin dual therapy was associated with better glycemic control and good tolerability.

Disclosure
D. Hu: None. Y. Han: None. L. Chen: None. H. Jin: None. N. Yang: None. X. Shi: None. Q. Li: None. L. Liang: None. L. Zang: None. M. Liu: None. J. He: None. Y. Mu: None.