bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
β-decay Rates for Exotic Nuclei and r-process Nucleosynthesis up to Thorium and Uranium
Authors: Suzuki Toshio , Shibagaki Shota , Yoshida Takashi , Kajino Toshitaka , Otsuka Takaharu 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Beta-decay rates for exotic nuclei with neutron magic number of N = 126 relevant to r-process nucleosynthesis are studied up to Z = 78 by shell-model calculations. The half-lives for the waiting-point nuclei obtained, which are short compared to a standard finite-range-droplet model, are used to study r-process nucleosynthesis in core-collapse supernova (CCSN) explosions and binary neutron star mergers. The element abundances are obtained up to the third peak as well as beyond the peak region up to thorium and uranium. The position of the third peak is found to be shifted toward a higher mass region in both CCSN explosions and neutron star mergers. We find that thorium and uranium elements are produced more with the shorter shell-model half-lives and their abundances come close to the observed values in CCSN explosions. In the case of binary neutron star mergers, thorium and uranium are produced consistently with the observed values independent of the half-lives.
PoMiN: A Post-Minkowskian N-body Solver
Authors: Feng Justin , Baumann Mark , Hall Bryton , Doss Joel , Spencer Lucas , Matzner Richard 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
In this paper, we introduce

, a lightweight N-body code based on the post-Minkowskian N-body Hamiltonian of Ledvinka et al., which includes general relativistic effects up to first order in Newton’s constant G, and all orders in the speed of light c.

is written in

and uses a fourth-order Runge–Kutta integration scheme.

has also been written to handle an arbitrary number of particles (both massive and massless), with a computational complexity that scales as O(N
2). We describe the methods we used to simplify and organize the Hamiltonian, and the tests we performed (convergence, conservation, and analytical comparison tests) to validate the code.
Exploring the Variability of the Flat-spectrum Radio Source 1633+382. II. Physical Properties
Authors: Algaba Juan-Carlos , Lee Sang-Sung , Rani Bindu , Kim Dae-Won , Kino Motoki , Hodgson Jeffrey , Zhao Guang-Yao , Byun Do-Young , Gurwell Mark , Kang Sin-Cheol , Kim Jae-Young , Kim Jeong-Sook , Kim Soon-Wook , Park Jong-Ho , Trippe Sascha , Wajima Kiyoaki 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
The flat-spectrum radio quasar 1633+382 (4C 38.41) showed a significant increase of its radio flux density during the period 2012 March–2015 August, which correlates with γ-ray flaring activity. Multi-frequency simultaneous very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) observations were conducted as part of the interferometric monitoring of gamma-ray bright active galactic nuclei (iMOGABA) program and supplemented with additional radio monitoring observations with the OVRO 40 m telescope, the Boston University VLBI program, and the Submillimeter Array. The epochs of the maxima for the two largest γ-ray flares coincide with the ejection of two respective new VLBI components. Analysis of the spectral energy distribution indicates a higher turnover frequency after the flaring events. The evolution of the flare in the turnover frequency-turnover flux density plane probes the adiabatic losses in agreement with the shock-in-jet model. The derived synchrotron self-absorption magnetic fields, of the order of 0.1 mG, do not seem to change dramatically during the flares, and are much weaker, by a factor 104, than the estimated equipartition magnetic fields, indicating that the source of the flare may be associated with a particle-dominated emitting region.
The Correlated Variations of
Narrow Absorption Lines and Quasar Continuum
Authors: Chen Zhi-Fu , Pang Ting-Ting , He Bing , Huang Yong 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
We assemble 207 variable quasars from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, all with at least 3 observations, to analyze C iv narrow absorption doublets, and obtain 328 C iv narrow absorption line systems. We find that 19 out of 328 C iv narrow absorption line systems were changed by

on timescales from 15.9 to 1477 days at rest-frame. Among the 19 obviously variable C iv systems, we find that (1) 14 systems have relative velocities

and 4 systems have

, where c is the speed of light; (2) 13 systems are accompanied by other variable C iv systems; (3) 9 systems were changed continuously during multiple observations; and (4) 1 system with

16,862 km s−1 was enhanced by

in 0.67 day at rest-frame. The variations of absorption lines are inversely correlated with the changes in the ionizing continuum. We also find that large variations of C iv narrow absorption lines are form differently over a short timescale.
FITspec: A New Algorithm for the Automated Fit of Synthetic Stellar Spectra for OB Stars
Authors: Fierro-Santillán Celia R. , Zsargó Janos , Klapp Jaime , Díaz-Azuara Santiago A. , Arrieta Anabel , Arias Lorena , Sigalotti Leonardo Di G. 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
In this paper we describe the FITspec code, a data mining tool for the automatic fitting of synthetic stellar spectra. The program uses a database of 27,000 cmfgen models of stellar atmospheres arranged in a six-dimensional (6D) space, where each dimension corresponds to one model parameter. From these models a library of 2,835,000 synthetic spectra were generated covering the ultraviolet, optical, and infrared regions of the electromagnetic spectrum. Using FITspec we adjust the effective temperature and the surface gravity. From the 6D array we also get the luminosity, the metallicity, and three parameters for the stellar wind: the terminal velocity (

), the β exponent of the velocity law, and the clumping filling factor (F
cl). Finally, the projected rotational velocity (

) can be obtained from the library of stellar spectra. Validation of the algorithm was performed by analyzing the spectra of a sample of eight O-type stars taken from the iacob spectroscopic survey of Northern Galactic OB stars. The spectral lines used for the adjustment of the analyzed stars are reproduced with good accuracy. In particular, the effective temperatures calculated with the FITspec are in good agreement with those derived from spectral type and other calibrations for the same stars. The stellar luminosities and projected rotational velocities are also in good agreement with previous quantitative spectroscopic analyses in the literature. An important advantage of FITspec over traditional codes is that the time required for spectral analyses is reduced from months to a few hours.
The Gaia–WISE Extragalactic Astrometric Catalog
Authors: Paine Jennie , Darling Jeremy , Truebenbach Alexandra 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
The Gaia mission has detected a large number of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) and galaxies, but these objects must be identified among the thousandfold more numerous stars. Extant astrometric AGN catalogs do not have the uniform sky coverage required to detect and characterize the all-sky, low-multipole proper motion signals produced by the barycenter motion, gravitational waves, and cosmological effects. To remedy this, we present an all-sky sample of 567,721 AGNs in Gaia Data Release 1, selected using WISE two-color criteria. The catalog has fairly uniform sky coverage beyond the Galactic plane, with a mean density of 12.8 AGNs per square degree. The objects have magnitudes ranging from G = 8.8 down to Gaia’s magnitude limit, G = 20.7. The catalog is approximately 50% complete but suffers from low stellar contamination, roughly 0.2%. We predict that the end-of-mission Gaia proper motions for this catalog will enable detection of the secular aberration drift to high significance (23σ) and will place an upper limit on the anisotropy of the Hubble expansion of about 2%.
Small-scale Magnetic Flux Emergence in the Quiet Sun
Authors: Moreno-Insertis F. , Martinez-Sykora J. , Hansteen V. H. , Muñoz D. 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Small bipolar magnetic features are observed to appear in the interior of individual granules in the quiet Sun, signaling the emergence of tiny magnetic loops from the solar interior. We study the origin of those features as part of the magnetoconvection process in the top layers of the convection zone. Two quiet-Sun magnetoconvection models, calculated with the radiation-magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) Bifrost code and with domain stretching from the top layers of the convection zone to the corona, are analyzed. Using 3D visualization as well as a posteriori spectral synthesis of Stokes parameters, we detect the repeated emergence of small magnetic elements in the interior of granules, as in the observations. Additionally, we identify the formation of organized horizontal magnetic sheets covering whole granules. Our approach is twofold, calculating statistical properties of the system, like joint probability density functions (JPDFs), and pursuing individual events via visualization tools. We conclude that the small magnetic loops surfacing within individual granules in the observations may originate from sites at or near the downflows in the granular and mesogranular levels, probably in the first 1 or 1.5 Mm below the surface. We also document the creation of granule-covering magnetic sheet-like structures through the sideways expansion of a small subphotospheric magnetic concentration picked up and pulled out of the interior by a nascent granule. The sheet-like structures that we found in the models may match the recent observations of Centeno et al.
Reduction of hepatitis B surface antigen in sequential versus add-on pegylated interferon to nucleoside/nucleotide analogue therapy in HBe-antigen-negative chronic hepatitis B patients: A pilot study
Authors: Tatsukawa Yumiko , Tsuge Masataka , Kawakami Yoshiiku , Hiyama Yuichi , Murakami Eisuke , Kurihara Mio , Nomura Motonobu , Tsushima Ken , Uchida Takuro , Nakahara Takashi , Miki Daiki , Kawaoka Tomokazu , Abe-Chayama Hiromi , Imamura Michio , Aikata Hiroshi , Ochi Hidenori , Hayes C Nelson , Kawakami Hiroiku , Chayama Kazuaki 
Published: June 2018

Background Although pegylated interferon (PEG-IFN) and nucleotide/nucleoside analogue (NA) combination therapy is considered to be optimal for accelerating serum hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) reduction, the effect is limited, and the best approach to PEG-IFN treatment for chronic hepatitis B patients during long-term NA therapy has yet to be determined. Methods A total of 21 hepatitis B e antigen-negative chronic hepatitis B patients whose HBV DNA levels were suppressed to undetectable levels by NA therapy were administrated PEG-IFN-α2a for 48 weeks (sequential therapy: 10, add-on therapy: 11). Factors associated with HBsAg reduction by PEG-IFN therapy were analysed. Results During PEG-IFN treatment, HBsAg levels were reduced by 0.48 log IU/ml. More than 1 log IU/ml of HBsAg reduction was observed in eight patients (sequential therapy: six, add-on therapy: two), and one patient with sequential therapy achieved HBsAg loss. By univariate analysis, sequential therapy was marginally associated with more than 1 log IU/ml HBsAg reduction during PEG-IFN treatment ( P=0.060). After PEG-IFN treatment, only five patients, including the patient with HBsAg loss, achieved more than 0.5 log IU/ml of HBsAg reduction by 1 year after PEG-IFN treatment. By univariate analysis, sequential therapy was significantly associated with HBsAg reduction after PEG-IFN treatment ( P=0.012). In addition, alanine aminotransferase elevation during PEG-IFN therapy and lower serum interleukin-8 level at the end of PEG-IFN treatment were also significantly associated with HBsAg reduction by 1 year after PEG-IFN treatment ( P=0.038, P=0.044, respectively). Conclusions Sequential therapy may be superior to addon therapy in reducing HBsAg levels during long-term NA therapy in chronic hepatitis B patients.
Monophasic Disease Course in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Tselios Konstantinos , Gladman Dafna D. , Touma Zahi , Su Jiandong , Anderson Nicole , Urowitz Murray B. 
Published: June 2018

Objective.Disease course in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is primarily relapsing-remitting. Long quiescent and chronically active patterns are less frequent. We recently described an atypical “monophasic” course in a small number of patients. The aim of the present study was to assess the prevalence and characteristics of such patients in a defined SLE cohort.Methods.The inception patients of the University of Toronto Lupus Clinic (enrolled within 18 mos of diagnosis) were investigated. No time interval > 18 months was allowed between consecutive visits. A monophasic course was defined as Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index 2000 = 0 (serology excluded), achieved within 5 years since enrollment and maintained for ≥ 10 years. Descriptive statistics were used.Results.Of 267 inception patients, 27 (10.1%) achieved prolonged clinical remission (≥ 10 yrs) and 20 (7.5%) sustained remission for the entire followup (18 yrs on average). Twelve patients were receiving no maintenance treatment 10 years after achieving remission. Clinical manifestations at diagnosis (apart from skin and musculoskeletal involvement) included 25% in each of central nervous system involvement and lupus nephritis (LN). Half the patients were serologically active. Ten years after achieving remission, two-thirds of the patients had discontinued glucocorticosteroids; the remaining were treated with 5 mg/day on average. Seven patients relapsed after 10 years, 4 with arthritis, 2 LN, and 1 catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome.Conclusion.A monophasic disease course was observed in 7.5% in this inception cohort. Patients sustained remission for 18 years on average, eventually without medications. Further study of such patients may provide unique pathophysiologic insights for SLE.
Les juristes face à la globalisation
Authors: Alemany Macario 
Published: June 2018

L’article vise à promouvoir une réflexion sur les obligations morales des juristes, en tant que juristes, devant ce qu’on appelle les « méfaits de la mondialisation » et la profonde crise actuelle, qui est une parfaite illustration des causes et de l’étendue des dits méfaits. L’auteur prend pour point de départ les analyses, à la fois théoriques et pratiques, des essais sur la mondialisation et le droit présentés par Juan Ramon Capella, Luigi Ferrajoli et Francisco Laporta au congrès mondial de l’Association internationale de philosophie du droit et de philosophie sociale, qui s’est tenu en 2005, et qui avait pour thème : « le droit et la justice dans une société mondiale ». L’article se termine par une série d’idées et de propositions pour s’engager moralement.
Reproduits et réinventés : les dessins d’embryons de Haeckel
Authors: Hopwood Nick 
Published: June 2018

Les innovations visuelles du « Darwin allemand », Ernst Haeckel, mettent en évidence ce qu’il peut y avoir de créatif dans le réemploi des illustrations. En focalisant l’analyse sur les dessins célèbres et controversés des embryons de Haeckel, le présent article retrace leur circulation ainsi que les accusations de falsification dont ils ont fait l’objet, du xixe siècle à nos jours, d’Allemagne aux États-Unis. En explorant les mécanismes qui déterminent le succès ou l’échec d’images, qui les font accepter ou causent des controverses, cet article montre comment le fait de reproduire ou réemployer les images peut être créatif mais aussi contesté et lourd de conséquences.
Le sauvetage des juifs au Chambon-sur-Lignon à travers Les Cerfs-volants de Romain Gary
Authors: Letourneau Ingrid 
Published: June 2018

Dans Les Cerfs-volants (1980) Romain Gary relate la jeunesse résistante de Ludo à Cléry, un village normand inventé par l'auteur. Au sein de cette fiction, Gary, lui‑même ancien résistant aux racines juives, cite à plusieurs reprises le nom du Chambon‑sur‑Lignon, village connu pour avoir sauvé des réfugiés juifs durant la Seconde Guerre mondiale. L'hommage de Gary adopte ainsi le ton de la pudeur. Surtout, la mémoire du village se déploie à travers le personnage d'Ambroise Fleury, dont certains traits pourraient faire de lui une figure palimpseste des habitants du Chambon, une incarnation de la lutte des « armes de l'esprit » contre l'idéologie totalitaire.
L’écriture romanesque extraordinaire en hébreu de Sayed Kashua le Peptimiste
Authors: Agsous-Bienstein Sâadia 
Published: June 2018

Kashua appartient à la minorité palestinienne en Israël et publie des romans en hébreu. Cet article examine l’auteur, à partir de sa posture d’écrivain translingue, et propose une analyse de son unique nouvelle (Herzl disparaît à minuit) qui aborde la fragmentation des identités (palestinienne et juive) ancrées dans l’espace divisé de Jérusalem (Est-Ouest). Cet article est tiré de la thèse de doctorat « Langues et identités : l’écriture romanesque en hébreu des Palestiniens d’Israël (1966-2013) » soutenue en 2015 à l’Institut des langues et des civilisations orientales (INALCO).
Bible et nature dans le roman Les Innocents d'Assaf Gavron
Authors: Marti-Delescaut Françoise 
Published: June 2018

Les romans israéliens qui choisissent pour thème le très délicat sujet des implantations illégales (dites « colonies ») en Israël sont extrêmement rares, c'est cependant le défi qu'a relevé le jeune écrivain israélien, Assaf Gavron, dans Les Innocents (Hagiv'a – La Colline). Il y suit, pendant un an, la vie quotidienne de l'implantation Maaleh Hermesh 3 et ses démêlés incessants avec l'administration gouvernementale qui cherche en vain à les déloger. Le roman, écrit délibérément d'un point de vue interne, se caractérise surtout par ses abondantes et élogieuses descriptions du paysage et par ses non moins nombreuses références à la religion juive (Bible, Talmud, traditions), car ces implantés sont les fidèles du courant hassidique de Nahman de Bratslav. C'est ce lien que nous avons voulu explorer dans l'étude, en quoi il était caractéristique de ce type de piété et pouvait légitimer, aux yeux des personnages, l'occupation d'une terre.
Les cinq cents ans du Ghetto de Venise
Authors: Cazalé Bérard Claude 
Published: June 2018

L’instauration du Ghetto de Venise remonte au 29 mars 1516 : il donna son nom et une forme d’institutionnalisation aux lieux de ségrégation et d’enfermement qui se développèrent en Europe et perdurèrent jusqu’à la Seconde Guerre mondiale. La particularité du Ghetto de Venise et de sa communauté ne tient pas seulement à son antériorité mais à son caractère à la fois d’insularité et d’ouverture sur le monde.
The Outcome of the Cryptococcus neoformans–Macrophage Interaction Depends on Phagolysosomal Membrane Integrity
Authors: De Leon-Rodriguez Carlos M. , Rossi Diego C. P. , Fu Man Shun , Dragotakes Quigly , Coelho Carolina , Guerrero Ros Ignacio , Caballero Benjamin , Nolan Sabrina J. , Casadevall Arturo 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Cryptococcus neoformans is a fungal pathogen with worldwide distribution. C. neoformans resides within mature phagolysosomes where it often evades killing and replicates. C. neoformans induces phagolysosomal membrane permeabilization (PMP), but the mechanism for this phenomenon and its consequences for macrophage viability are unknown. In this study, we used flow cytometry methodology in combination with cell viability markers and LysoTracker to measure PMP in J774.16 and murine bone marrow–derived macrophages infected with C. neoformans. Our results showed that cells manifesting PMP were positive for apoptotic markers, indicating an association between PMP and apoptosis. We investigated the role of phospholipase B1 in C. neoformans induction of PMP. Macrophages infected with a C. neoformans Δplb1 mutant had reduced PMP compared with those infected with wild-type and phospholipase B1–complemented strains, suggesting a mechanism of action for this virulence factor. Capsular enlargement inside macrophages was identified as an additional likely mechanism for phagolysosomal membrane damage. Macrophages undergoing apoptosis did not maintain an acidic phagolysosomal pH. Induction of PMP with ciprofloxacin enhanced macrophages to trigger lytic exocytosis whereas nonlytic exocytosis was common in those without PMP. Our results suggest that modulation of PMP is a critical event in determining the outcome of C. neoformans–macrophage interaction.
Porcine Circovirus Type 2 Suppresses IL-12p40 Induction via Capsid/gC1qR-Mediated MicroRNAs and Signalings
Authors: Du Qian , Wu Xingchen , Wang Tongtong , Yang Xuefeng , Wang Zhenyu , Niu Yingying , Zhao Xiaomin , Liu Shan-Lu , Tong Dewen , Huang Yong 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Porcine circovirus (PCV) type 2 (PCV2), an immunosuppression pathogen, is often found to increase the risk of other pathogenic infections. Yet the relative immune mechanisms determining the susceptibility of PCV2-infected animals remain unclear. In this study, we confirmed that PCV2 infection suppressed IL-12p40 expression and host Th1 immune response, leading to a weakened pathogenic clearance upon porcine reproductive respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) or Haemophilus parasuis infection. PCV2 infection suppressed pathogens, LPS/IFN-γ, or LPS/R848-induced IL-12p40 expression in porcine alveolar macrophages. PCV2 capsid (Cap) was the major component to suppress IL-12p40 induction by LPS/IFN-γ, LPS/R848, PRRSV, or H. parasuis. Either wild-type PCV2 or mutants PCV2–replicase 1 and PCV type 1–Cap2, which contained PCV2 Cap, significantly decreased IL-12p40 levels and increased the replication of PRRSV and H. parasuis in the lung tissues relative to mock or PCV type 1 infection. gC1qR, a Cap binding protein, was not involved in IL-12p40 induction but mediated the inhibitory effect of PCV2 Cap on IL-12p40 induction. PCV2 also activated PI3K/Akt1 and p38 MAPK signalings to inhibit IL-12p40 expression via inhibition of NF-κB p65 binding to il12B promoter and upregulation of miR-23a and miR-29b. Knockdown of Akt1 and p38 MAPK downregulated miR-23a and miR-29b and increased IL-12p40 expression. Inhibition of miR-23a and miR-29b attenuated the inhibitory effect of PCV2 on IL-12p40 induction, resulting in an increased IL-12p40 expression and Th1 cell population and reduced susceptibility to PRRSV or H. parasuis. Taken together, these results demonstrate that PCV2 infection suppresses IL-12p40 expression to lower host Th1 immunity to increase the risk of other pathogenic infection via gC1qR-mediated PI3K/Akt1 and p38 MAPK signaling activation.