bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pentafluor(aryl)‐λ6‐tellane und Tetrafluor(aryl)(trifluormethyl)‐λ6‐tellane: von SF5‐ zu den TeF5‐ und TeF4CF3‐Gruppen
Authors: Bornemann Dustin , Pitts Cody Ross , Ziegler Carmen J. , Pietrasiak Ewa , Trapp Nils , Küng Sebastian , Santschi Nico , Togni Antonio 
Published: June 2019

AbstractDie TeF5‐Gruppe ist, trotz ihrer Eigenschaft als leichteres Analogon zur SF5‐Gruppe, als hochfluorierter Substituent an aromatischen Systemen kaum erforscht. Bislang kennt man nur eine Aryl‐TeF5‐Verbindung, die mithilfe von XeF2 synthetisiert wurde. Hier widmen wir uns diesem Problem unter Einsatz unseres kürzlich entwickelten TCICA/KF‐Systems für oxidative Polyfluorierungen, bieten damit eine Alternative zu XeF2 und beschreiben erstmals eine Reihe ausgiebig untersuchter Aryl‐TeF5‐Verbindungen inklusive kristallographischer Daten. Das System konnte um die Synthese und strukturelle Untersuchung bisher unbekannter Aryl‐TeF4CF3‐Verbindungen erweitert werden. Ebenfalls haben erste Reaktivitätsstudien einige Widersprüche zu früheren Berichten über Phenyl‐TeF5 aufgedeckt. Auch wenn unsere Untersuchungen bestätigen, dass Aren‐basiertes TeF5 nicht so stabil wie die SF5‐Gruppe ist, zeigen sie dennoch eine deutlich höhere Stabilität der TeF5‐Gruppe, als bisherige Berichte vermuten ließen, was die Erforschung neuer Anwendungen dieses Fragments ermöglicht.
Trauma, fragmentation and narrative: Sandor Ferenczi's relevance for psychoanalytical perspectives on our response to climate change and environmental destruction
Authors: Bellamy Alan 
Published: June 2019

AbstractPsychoanalytical perspectives on our responses to climate change and environmental destruction may be said to have begun with Harold Searles in 1972 and have gathered pace in recent years. All these explorations have in common a reliance on a set of conceptual ideas that were initially developed by Sandor Ferenczi, although he is rarely credited. Fully acknowledging of the extent of environmental destruction and climate change is seen as traumatic in these writings, and therefore, concepts that have been developed in working with patients traumatized by abuse have been found essential in trying to understand and describe our responses. This paper will show how Ferenczi's thinking about trauma and about the therapeutic relationship has influenced recent suggestions as to how a psychoanalytical perspective may help us to explore attitudes and beliefs and help others to fully acknowledge the seriousness of climate change and so change damaging behaviors.
Deletion of Mucosa‐Associated Lymphoid Tissue Lymphoma Translocation Protein 1 in Mouse T Cells Protects Against Development of Autoimmune Arthritis but Leads to Spontaneous Osteoporosis
Authors: Gilis Elisabeth , Gaublomme Djoere , Staal Jens , Venken Koen , Dhaenens Maarten , Lambrecht Stijn , Coudenys Julie , Decruy Tine , Schryvers Nadia , Driege Yasmine , Dumas Emilie , Demeyer Annelies , De Muynck Amélie , van Hengel Jolanda , Van Hoorebeke Luc , Deforce Dieter , Beyaert Rudi , Elewaut Dirk 
Published: July 2019

ObjectiveMucosa‐associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma translocation protein 1 (MALT‐1) plays a crucial role in innate and adaptive immune signaling by modulating the threshold for activation of immune cells, including Treg cells. Therefore, MALT‐1 is regarded to be an interesting therapeutic target in several immune‐mediated diseases. The goal of this study was to examine the role of MALT‐1 in experimental animal models of rheumatoid arthritis (RA).MethodsMALT‐1 activation was assessed by measuring cleavage of the deubiquitinase CYLD in lymphocytes from mice with collagen‐induced arthritis (CIA). Furthermore, the impact of MALT‐1 deficiency on arthritis was evaluated in Malt1KO mice with CIA or with collagen antibody–induced arthritis (CAIA). T cell–specific MALT‐1 deficiency was measured in mice with deletion of T cell–specific MALT‐1 (Malt1TcellKO ), and the time‐dependent effects of MALT‐1 deficiency were assessed in mice with deletion of tamoxifen‐inducible T cell–specific MALT‐1 (Malt1iTcellKO). Bone density was determined in MALT‐1–deficient mice using micro–computed tomography and femur‐bending tests. Reconstitution of Treg cells was performed using adoptive transfer experiments.ResultsMALT‐1 activation was observed in the lymphocytes of mice with CIA. T cell–specific MALT‐1 deletion in the induction phase of arthritis (incidence of arthritis, 25% in control mice versus 0% in Malt1iTcellKO mice; P < 0.05), but not in the effector phase of arthritis, completely protected mice against the development of CIA. Consistent with this finding, MALT‐1 deficiency had no impact on CAIA, an effector phase model of RA. Finally, mice with MALT‐1 deficiency showed a spontaneous decrease in bone density (mean ± SEM trabecular thickness, 46.3 ± 0.7 μm in control mice versus 40 ± 1.1 μm in Malt1KO mice; P < 0.001), which was linked to the loss of Treg cells in these mice.ConclusionOverall, these data in murine models of RA highlight MALT‐1 as a master regulator of T cell activation, which is relevant to the pathogenesis of autoimmune arthritis. Furthermore, these findings show that MALT‐1 deficiency can lead to spontaneous osteoporosis, which is associated with impaired Treg cell numbers.
Meta-analysis of the role of colonoscopy after an episode of left-sided acute diverticulitis
Authors: Rottier S J , Dijk S T , Geloven A A W , Schreurs W H , Draaisma W A , Enst W A , Puylaert J B C M , Boer M G J , Klarenbeek B R , Otte J A , Felt R J F , Boermeester M A 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Background
Routine colonoscopy was traditionally recommended after acute diverticulitis to exclude coexistent malignancy. Improved CT imaging may make routine colonoscopy less required over time but most guidelines still recommend it. The aim of this review was to assess the role of colonoscopy in patients with CT-proven acute diverticulitis.

Methods
PubMed and Embase were searched for studies reporting the prevalence of advanced colorectal neoplasia (ACN) or colorectal carcinoma in patients who underwent colonoscopy within 1 year after CT-proven left-sided acute diverticulitis. The prevalence was pooled using a random-effects model and, if possible, compared with that among asymptomatic controls.

Results
Seventeen studies with 3296 patients were included. The pooled prevalence of ACN was 6·9 (95 per cent c.i. 5·0 to 9·4) per cent and that of colorectal carcinoma was 2·1 (1·5 to 3·1) per cent. Only two studies reported a comparison with asymptomatic controls, showing comparable risks (risk ratio 1·80, 95 per cent c.i. 0·66 to 4·96). In subgroup analysis of patients with uncomplicated acute diverticulitis, the prevalence of colorectal carcinoma was only 0·5 (0·2 to 1·2) per cent.

Conclusion
Routine colonoscopy may be omitted in patients with uncomplicated diverticulitis if CT imaging is otherwise clear. Patients with complicated disease or ongoing symptoms should undergo colonoscopy.
Hypercalcemia related to cholangiocellular carcinoma
Authors: Onalan Erhan 
Published: July 2019

AbstractPatients with malignancies may develop hypercalcemia due to bone metastases or paraneoplastic reasons. Hepatocellular cancer should be considered in liver masses detected in chronic viral hepatitis B patients with delta agents. However, in our case, we detected cholangiocellular carcinoma in the etiology of hypercalcemia.
Reflecting on survivorship outcomes to aid initial decision making in patients treated for IDH‐mutated anaplastic glioma
Authors: Back Michael F. , Jayamanne Dasantha , Back Elizabeth , Kastelan Marina , Khasraw Mustafa , Wong Matthew , Brown Christopher , Wheeler Helen 
Published: June 2019

BackgroundPatients with anaplastic glioma (AG) harboring an isocitrate dehydrogenase mutation have potential durable survival after intensity‐modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) and chemotherapy. Understanding long‐term functioning, and the factors that have an impact on later effects, is important for decision making.MethodsConsecutive patients with AG who received IMRT were reviewed with regard to 6 survivorship domains, including Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status, Medical Research Council (MRC) neurological status, late toxicity, comorbidity, functional status (employment/driving), and psychosocial events. Assessments were performed at baseline before RT; at month +6; and at years +1, +3, and +5 after RT. The primary endpoints were ECOG at year +3 and employment at year +3.ResultsA total of 146 patients were included, with a median follow‐up of 5.1 years. The 6‐year overall survival rate was 78.7% (95% CI, 71.1%‐87.0%). Baseline ECOG performance status was 0 to 1 in 82.2% of patients but improved at year +1 (95.7%) and year +3 (97.2%). Employment rates at year +3 and year +5 were 70.1% and 76.5%, respectively, compared with 61.6% at baseline. Worse ECOG performance status at year +3 was related to the anaplastic astrocytoma subtype (P = .001), delayed RT (P = .081), multiple craniotomies performed before RT (P = .002), worse ECOG performance status before RT (P < .001), worse MRC neurological status before RT (P < .001), seizures (P = .038), neurocognitive disturbance (P < .001), and the presence of recurrent disease (P = .004). Absent or impaired employment at year +3 was found to be related to older age (P = .007), delayed timing of RT (P = .023), multiple craniotomies prior to RT (P = .005), worse ECOG performance status before RT (P < .001), worse MRC neurological status before RT (P < .001), and neurocognitive disturbance (P < .001).ConclusionsPatients with AG with an isocitrate dehydrogenase mutation have the potential for prolonged survival. Functional status appears to be good in patients who are free of disease progression at 3 to 5 years after IMRT, with >95% of patients having high ECOG performance status and >75% being employed.
Dechlorinated Ullmann Coupling Reaction of Aryl Chlorides on Ag(111): A Combined STM and XPS Study
Authors: Dai Jingxin , Zhao Wenhui , Xing Lingbo , Shang Jian , Ju Huanxin , Zhou Xiong , Liu Jing , Chen Qiwei , Wang Yongfeng , Zhu Junfa , Wu Kai 
Published: June 2019

AbstractSurface‐assisted Ullmann coupling was widely applied to construct various molecular nanostructures on surfaces due to its reliability and controllability. By using 4,4′′‐dichloro‐1,1′:3′,1′′‐terphenyl (DCTP) as the precursor, covalently bonded zig‐zag oligophenylene chains and hexagonal hyperbenzene rings, e. g., [18]‐honeycombenes, were successfully fabricated on Ag(111) via dechlorinated Ullmann coupling reaction. Stepwise annealing was applied to investigate the reaction process in detail. Scanning tunneling microscopy and synchrotron X‐ray photoemission spectroscopy were utilized to explore the thermal evolution of the DCTP molecules on Ag(111) under ultrahigh vacuum conditions, evidencing the existence of intact DCTP molecules, chemisorbed Cl atoms, covalently bonded DCTP dimers as well as organometallic C−Ag−C‐containing intermediates. These results may help understand dechlorinated Ullmann coupling reaction of aryl chlorides on metal surfaces.
Xenogeneic collagen matrix versus connective tissue graft for the treatment of multiple gingival recessions: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: AlSarhan Mohammed A. , Al Jasser Reham , Tarish Mohammad Abdullah , AlHuzaimi Anas I. , Alzoman Hamad 
Published: July 2019

AbstractA systematic review and meta‐analysis was performed to understand the efficacy of xenogeneic collagen matrix (CMX) compared with connective tissue graft (CTG) for the treatment of multiple adjacent gingival recessions (MAGRs). A literature search was performed for published randomized controlled trials in adult patients (≥18 years old) with Multiple Adjacent Miller class I and II gingival recessions (MAGRs). The assessments included recession depth, Recession width, complete root coverage, mean root coverage, probing depth, clinical attachment level, and keratinized tissue width. Pooled data were analyzed using fixed‐ and random‐effects models, and Forest plots were constructed. Heterogeneity within studies was calculated to assess publication bias. Four randomized controlled trials were included based on the eligibility criteria. Although the recession depth, complete root coverage, and mean root coverage were significantly lower with CMX (p = .017 and p = .001, p = .001, respectively), there was no statistically significant difference in the Recession width between CMX and CTG (p = .203). CMX showed significantly lower Probing Depth than CTG (p = .023); however, no significant difference in clinical attachment level (p = .060) and keratinized tissue width (p = .052) was observed between the groups. Owing to the heterogeneity in the included studies, firm conclusions cannot be drawn regarding the noninferiority of CMX compared with CTG. Long‐term studies are therefore needed to conclusively establish the relative efficacy of CMX in MAGR.
Metallic‐State SnS2 Nanosheets with Expanded Lattice Spacing for High‐Performance Sodium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Shi Xiao , Chen Shan‐Liang , Fan Hai‐Ning , Chen Xiao‐Hua , Yuan Dingwang , Tang Qunli , Hu Aiping , Luo Wen‐Bin , Liu Hua‐Kun 
Published: July 2019

AbstractMetallic‐state 2D SnS2 nanosheets with expanded lattice spacing and a defect‐rich structure were synthesized by the intercalation of Ni into the van der Waals gap of SnS2. The expanded lattice spacing efficiently enhanced the electrochemical performance of the SnS2 for sodium‐ion batteries owing to the change electron state density and energy band structure. In operando synchrotron XRD and theoretical calculations were used to gain insight into the influence of foreign metal‐ion doping and its location. The optimized architecture obtained by in situ uniform growth of nanosheets on carbon fibers significantly enhanced the electrochemical performance. The inherent advantages of this architecture are shorter paths for ion insertion and extraction, larger contact area for more sodium diffusion pathways, and superior electrolyte penetration. Benefiting from the Ni intercalated SnS2 bilayer, the internal adjustment of the electronic state and the enlarged interlayer spacing significantly enhanced the electron transport kinetics, which can be explained by the metallic‐state properties. The integrated electrode exhibited an initial high reversible capacity of 795 mAh g−1 at 0.1 A g−1, with a stable capacity retention of 666 mAh g−1 after 100 cycles. Good rate capability was also exhibited with specific capacities of 691, 564, 437 mAh g−1 at current densities of 200, 500, and 1000 mA g−1, respectively.
Interest of adjusting urine cannabinoids to creatinine level to monitor cannabis cessation therapy in heavy smokers with psychiatric disorders
Authors: Duflot Thomas , Vasse Marianne , Guillerme Jennifer , Schrapp Aurélien , Mory Celine , Imbert Laurent , Djerada Zoubir , Protais Yves , Guillin Olivier , Goetz Hélène , Lamoureux Fabien 
Published: July 2019

AbstractUp to 25% of hospitalized patients in a psychiatric department exhibit troubles linked to cannabis use. Weaning patients with psychiatric disorders off drugs of abuse requires specific care to improve their clinical outcome. The present study aims to develop a predictive model of urinary excretion of creatinine‐normalized cannabinoids (UCNC) and to determine UCNC thresholds corresponding to the widely used cut‐offs of 20 ng/mL and 50 ng/mL for cannabinoids. One hundred thirty‐two patients with 452 urine samples were included between 2013 and 2017. Urinary cannabinoids and UCNC elimination curves were computed for each patient. Using a mono‐exponential mixed effect model with 88 samples from 26 subjects exhibiting at least 3 decreasing UCNC in a row, the average calculated elimination rate constant was 0.0108 ± 0.0026 h−1, corresponding to a mean elimination half‐life of 64 ± 12 hours. The use of UCNC is of particular interest because of a high inter‐ and intra‐individual variability of urinary creatinine concentration (from 0.06 to 3.81 mg/mL). Moreover, UCNC allows for the detection of diluted or concentrated urine specimens that may lead to false positive (FP) or false negative (FN) results. Receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves were used to assess UCNC thresholds of 32.4 and 124.7 ng/mg that provide a strong discrimination between positive and negative samples for cannabinoids cut‐offs of 20 and 50 ng/mL respectively. The developed model and the defined UCNC thresholds allowed for the accurate prediction of the time needed to reach a negative UCNC result that could be used by clinicians to optimize clinical care.
Differential gene expression analysis of symbiotic and aposymbiotic Exaiptasia anemones under immune challenge with Vibrio coralliilyticus
Authors: Roesel Charles L. , Vollmer Steven V. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAnthozoans are a class of Cnidarians that includes scleractinian corals, anemones, and their relatives. Despite a global rise in disease epizootics impacting scleractinian corals, little is known about the immune response of this key group of invertebrates. To better characterize the anthozoan immune response, we used the model anemone Exaiptasia pallida to explore the genetic links between the anthozoan–algal symbioses and immunity in a two‐factor RNA‐Seq experiment using both symbiotic and aposymbiotic (menthol‐bleached) Exaiptasia pallida exposed to the bacterial pathogen Vibrio coralliilyticus. Multivariate and univariate analyses of Exaiptasia gene expression demonstrated that exposure to live Vibrio coralliilyticus had strong and significant impacts on transcriptome‐wide gene expression for both symbiotic and aposymbiotic anemones, but we did not observe strong interactions between symbiotic state and Vibrio exposure. There were 4,164 significantly differentially expressed (DE) genes for Vibrio exposure, 1,114 DE genes for aposymbiosis, and 472 DE genes for the additive combinations of Vibrio and aposymbiosis. KEGG enrichment analyses identified 11 pathways—involved in immunity (5), transport and catabolism (4), and cell growth and death (2)—that were enriched due to both Vibrio and/or aposymbiosis. Immune pathways showing strongest differential expression included complement, coagulation, nucleotide‐binding, and oligomerization domain (NOD), and Toll for Vibrio exposure and coagulation and apoptosis for aposymbiosis.
Quaternary climate change and habitat preference shaped the genetic differentiation and phylogeography of Rhodiola sect. Prainia in the southern Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Wang Zi‐Meng , Meng Shi‐Yong , Rao Guang‐Yuan 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThere are two long‐standing biogeographic hypotheses regarding the glacial survival of plant species in the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau (QTP): the in situ survival hypothesis and the tabula rasa hypothesis. We tested these two hypotheses in a phylogeographic study of Rhodiola sect. Prainia, a monophyletic section with ecologically divergent lineages. Molecular data from the nuclear internal transcribed spacer, six plastid markers and 13 nuclear microsatellite loci were analyzed for 240 individuals from 19 populations of this section. Environmental data were used to analyze the niches of major phylogenetic lineages within this section and to model changes in their distributions since the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). We found that Rhodiola sect. Prainia consists of three evolutionary lineages: all populations of R. stapfii, R. prainii populations at the southern edge of the QTP, and R. prainii populations in the interior part of the QTP. During the LGM, the survival of R. prainii in the interior part of the QTP corresponded with the in situ survival hypothesis, while R. stapfii most probably survived the LGM in a manner corresponding with the tabula rasa hypothesis. The evolutionary history of different lineages of this section was shaped by topography, climate change, and lineage‐specific habitat preferences.
Decoupled above‐ and belowground responses to multi‐decadal nitrogen and phosphorus amendments in two tundra ecosystems
Authors: McLaren Jennie R. , Buckeridge Kate M. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractGlobal change in the Arctic promotes deeper soil thaw and enhanced soil microbial activity, increasing nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) availability to plants and microbes in strongly nutrient‐limited ecosystems. This critical, positive climate feedback has been examined through fertilization experiments that describe short‐term (<10 yr) above‐ or belowground responses to combinedNPadditions, with evidence of enhanced shrub growth, nutrient availability, and soil organic matter decomposition. There has been less opportunity for long‐term comparisons of both above‐ and belowground responses with factorial N and P additions in different systems, despite broad awareness that ecosystem response can shift with time, and the potential for decoupled above‐ vs. belowground or N vs. P responses, currently and with further predicted global change. We examined the response of the plants, soil microbes, and soil nutrients, to factorial N and P additions in the moist acidic tundra (MAT; 26 yr of nutrient additions) and moist non‐acidic tundra (MNT; 16 yr). Aboveground, theMATplant community continues to change as predicted by earlier studies: Functional groups responded independently to N and P, butNDVI‐biomass, especially ofBetula nana,only increased with N addition. Unlike shorter‐termMNTstudies, theMNTvegetation, which does not includeB. nana, shows few new fertilization responses. Belowground responses were not predicted by aboveground responses in eitherMATorMNT. In contrast to the N response aboveground,MATmicrobial biomass responded positively and microbial phosphatase activity negatively to P additions, implying possible release from microbial P limitation. Critically, earlier published results of declines in soil total carbon (C) with combinedNPaddition in theMATare not present in the long term. We make two conclusions: (1) Arctic ecosystems are not universally N‐limited but also exhibit complex responses to P alone or in combination with N; and (2) the presence or absence of key vegetation species can cascade from aboveground to belowground and restrict the extrapolation of responses of nutrient addition in a single arctic ecosystem to other arctic ecosystems, the short‐term to the long term, or aboveground to belowground.
Pyrolysis and combustion characteristics and kinetics of wood sawdust and wood sawdust hydrochar
Authors: Kabakcı Sibel Başakçılardan 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThis study compares the pyrolysis and combustion characteristics with the kinetics of wood sawdust and its hydrochar. Wood sawdust hydrochar was obtained by the hydrothermal treatment of wood sawdust (biomass/water: 1 g/4 mL) at 220°C, where the residence time was set as 90 min. After hydrothermal carbonization, carbon content and heating value were both increased by 14%. Pyrolysis and combustion of wood sawdust and its hydrochar were performed by thermogravimetric analysis at 10, 20, 30, and 40°C/min. Kissinger–Akahira–Sunose (KAS) method, Friedman method, Flynn–Wall–Ozawa (FWO) method, and Kissinger method were used for analyzing the pyrolysis data. For combustion, only KAS and FWO methods were used to determine the kinetic parameters. As compared to wood sawdust pyrolysis, average activation energy of hydrochar pyrolysis was lower (150.36 kJ/mol by using KAS method, 153.05 kJ/mol by using FWO method). Based on mean activation energies, pyrolysis reaction of hydrochar was more favorable than its combustion. In combustion, average activation energy of hydrochar combustion reaction was higher; indicating that combustion of wood sawdust was more favorable.