bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Coping with discrimination: The insidious effects of gender minority stigma on depression and anxiety in transgender individuals
Authors: Puckett Jae A. , Maroney Meredith R. , Wadsworth Lauren P. , Mustanski Brian , Newcomb Michael E. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractObjectivesWe examined types of discrimination encountered by transgender and gender diverse (TGD) individuals and the associations with symptoms of depression and anxiety, as well as the mediating and moderating effects of coping responses.MethodThis online study included 695 TGD individuals ages 16 years and over (M = 25.52; standard deviation = 9.68).ResultsMost participants (76.1%) reported discrimination over the past year. Greater exposure to discrimination was associated with more symptoms of depression and anxiety. These associations were mediated by coping via detachment and via internalization, although a direct effect remained.ConclusionsMany TGD people will encounter discrimination and this is associated with greater psychological distress. Engagement in the internalization of blame or detachment partially explains the association between discrimination and mental health issues. These findings elucidate possible avenues for interventions to bolster adaptive coping responses for TGD people and highlight that actions to decrease discrimination are urgently needed.
Supraspinatus Muscle and Tendon Stiffness Changes After Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair: A Shear Wave Elastography Assessment
Authors: Itoigawa Yoshiaki , Wada Tomoki , Kawasaki Takayuki , Morikawa Daichi , Maruyama Yuichiro , Kaneko Kazuo 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACTRe‐tearing after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair (ARCR) frequently occurs, and high stiffness of the rotator cuff may be one of the factors. We investigated changes in stiffness of the supraspinatus muscle and tendon after ARCR as measured by shear wave elastography (SWE) with B‐mode ultrasound, and compared the supraspinatus muscle stiffness of patients with recurrent tears and patients with healed rotator cuffs. Sixty patients with supraspinatus tears requiring ARCR underwent serial SWE of their supraspinatus muscles and repaired tendons. SWE was performed before surgery (Pre‐Op) and at 1 week, 1 month, 2 months, 3 months, 4 months, 5 months, and 6 months after surgery. Additionally, the repaired rotator cuffs were evaluated using magnetic resonance imaging at 6 months after surgery to classify patients into a healed rotator cuff group and a recurrent tear group. Differences in SWE values between the groups were assessed at each time point. The SWE value of the repaired tendon at 1 week after ARCR was significantly greater than at 3 and 6 months. The SWE value for the supraspinatus muscle at 1 month after ARCR surgery in the healed group was lower than at Pre‐Op and 4, 5, and 6 months after surgery, and it was also lower than that at 1 month after surgery in the re‐tear group. There were no significant differences between time points in the SWE values of the supraspinatus muscle in the re‐tear group. The SWE value of the muscle in the re‐tear group was greater than in the healed group at 1 month after surgery (p < 0.05). Increased SWE values at 1 month after ARCR may predict recurrent rotator cuff tears after surgery rather than evaluating the tendon. © 2019 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 38:219–227, 2020
New advances and future directions in plant polyspermy
Authors: Tekleyohans Dawit G. , Groß‐Hardt Rita 
Published: September 2019

AbstractPlants have evolved a battery of mechanisms that potentially act as polyspermy barriers. Supernumerary sperm fusion to one egg cell has consequently long remained a hypothetical concept. The recent discovery that polyspermy in flowering plants is not lethal but generates viable triploid plants is a game changer affecting the field of developmental biology, evolution, and plant breeding. The establishment of protocols to artificially induce polyspermy together with the development of a high‐throughput assay to identify and trace polyspermic events in planta now provide powerful tools to unravel mechanisms of polyspermy regulation. These achievements are likely to open new avenues for animal polyspermy research as well, where forward genetic approaches are hampered by the fatal outcome of supernumerary sperm fusion.
Immune regulatory molecules as modifiers of semen and fertility: A review
Authors: Archana S. Siddalingappa , Selvaraju Sellappan , Binsila B. Krishnan , Arangasamy Arunachalam , Krawetz Stephen A. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractDeclining fertility rates in both human and animals is a cause for concern. While many of the infertility cases are due to known causes, idiopathic infertility is reported in 30% of the infertile couples. In such cases, 18% of the infertile males carry antisperm antibodies (ASAs). Such data are lacking in livestock, wherein 20–30% of the animals are being culled due to low fertility. In males, the blood–testis barrier (BTB) and biomolecules in the semen provide an immuno‐tolerant microenvironment for spermatozoa as they traverse the immunologic milieu of both the male and female reproductive tracts. For example, insults from environmental contaminants, infections and inflammatory conditions are likely to impact the immune privilege state of the testis and fertility. The female mucosal immune system can recognize allogenic spermatozoa‐specific proteins affecting sperm kinematics and sperm‐zona binding leading to immune infertility. Elucidating the functions and pathways of the immune regulatory molecules associated with fertilization are prerequisites for understanding their impact on fertility. An insight into biomolecules associated with spermatozoal immune tolerance may generate inputs to develop diagnostic tools and modulate fertility. High‐throughput sequencing technologies coupled with bioinformatics analyses provides a path forward to define the array of molecules influencing pregnancy outcome. This review discusses the seminal immune regulatory molecules from their origin in the testis until they traverse the uterine environment enabling fertilization and embryonic development. Well‐designed experiments and the identification of biomarkers may provide a pathway to understand the finer details of reproductive immunology that will afford personalized therapies.
Using a Mechanistic Model to Develop Management Strategies to Cool Apache Trout Streams under the Threat of Climate Change
Authors: Baker Joy Price , Bonar Scott A. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
User-friendly stream temperature models populated with on-site data may help in developing strategies to manage temperatures of individual stream reaches that are subject to climate change. We used the field-tested Stream Segment Temperature model (U.S. Geological Survey) to simulate how altering discharge, groundwater input, channel wetted width, and shade prevents the temperatures of White Mountain, Arizona, stream reaches from exceeding the thermal tolerance of Apache Trout Oncorhynchus apache, both under existing conditions and under a climate change scenario. Simulations suggested increasing shade, either through streamside planting of specific numbers and species of plants or by other means, would be most effective and feasible for cooling the stream reaches we studied. Ponderosa pine Pinus ponderosa and Douglas fir Pseudotsuga menziesii provided the most shade followed in order by Engelman spruce Picea engelmannii, Bebb's willow Salix bebbiana, Arizona alder Alnus oblongifolia, and finally coyote willow Salix exigua. Vegetation survival depends on the appropriateness of site conditions at present and under climate change, and planting in buffer strips minimizes additional water removal from the watershed through evapotranspiration. Alternative shading options, including thick sedge growth, shade cloth, or felled woody vegetation, may be considered when environmental conditions do not support plantings. Increasing groundwater input can cool streams, but additional sources are scarce in the region. Decreasing the width-to-depth ratio would succeed best on reaches with widths greater than 2.0 m. Increasing discharge from upstream may lower water temperature on reaches with an initial discharge greater than 0.5 m3/s. Existing models provide suggestions to cool stream reaches. Further development of accessible software packages that incorporate evaporation, fragmentation, and other projected climate change effects into their routines will provide additional tools to help manage climate change effects.
A Comparison of Private Recreational Fishing Harvest and Effort for Gulf of Mexico Red Snapper during Derby and Extended Federal Seasons and Implications for Future Management
Authors: Topping Tara S. , Streich Matthew K. , Fisher Mark R. , Stunz Gregory W. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Fisheries managers often use regulations such as bag, size, and season limits to manage recreational anglers and prevent overharvest, and this has been the case for the Gulf of Mexico Red Snapper Lutjanus campechanus fishery, which has been highly regulated for over 20 years. During this period, the federal season for private recreational anglers has decreased from year-round in 1996 to only 3 d in 2017. However, in 2017 the private recreational season was reopened for an additional 39 d. This scenario allowed us to examine a very short, derby-style initial season with an unexpected extended season and make comparisons with longer-term data sets from the Texas Parks and Wildlife Department's angler-intercept program, where we hypothesized that harvest and effort may not be directly related to season length. Our data indicated that there were higher harvest and effort rates during the initial season than during the extended season, and these differences were a function of extended season length (i.e., future access) and weather. The harvest and effort rates of the extended season were not proportional to the initial season, suggesting that recreational anglers compensated for reductions in season length by compressing their effort into the shortened season. While our results suggest that an extended season results in a reduction of daily harvest and effort rates, it is important to have programs in place to closely monitor the total harvest in a timely manner to prevent overharvest.
A finite element reduced‐order model based on adaptive mesh refinement and artificial neural networks
Authors: Baiges Joan , Codina Ramon , Castañar Inocencio , Castillo Ernesto 
Published: September 2019

SummaryIn this work, a reduced‐order model based on adaptive finite element meshes and a correction term obtained by using an artificial neural network (FAN‐ROM) is presented. The idea is to run a high‐fidelity simulation by using an adaptively refined finite element mesh and compare the results obtained with those of a coarse mesh finite element model. From this comparison, a correction forcing term can be computed for each training configuration. A model for the correction term is built by using an artificial neural network, and the final reduced‐order model is obtained by putting together the coarse mesh finite element model, plus the artificial neural network model for the correction forcing term.The methodology is applied to nonlinear solid mechanics problems, transient quasi‐incompressible flows, and a fluid‐structure interaction problem. The results of the numerical examples show that the FAN‐ROM is capable of improving the simulation results obtained in coarse finite element meshes at a reduced computational cost.
Rhizobacterial treatment of bermudagrass increases tolerance to damage from tawny mole crickets (Neoscapteriscus vicinus Scudder)
Authors: Coy Richard Murphey , Held David W , Kloepper Joseph W 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDInoculation of bermudagrass with rhizobacterial biostimulants can increase plant growth and influence relationships with grass‐feeding herbivores. Tunneling and root‐feeding behaviors of tawny mole crickets cause severe damage to grass in pastures, golf courses, and lawns. The goal of this study was to determine if inoculation of bermudagrass by a rhizobacteria blend (plant growth‐promoting rhizobacteria, PGPR) increases the tolerance of hybrid bermudagrass to tawny mole crickets in captivity and under field conditions.RESULTSBermudagrass in arenas treated with a rhizobacteria blend then infested with tawny mole crickets produced significantly greater root lengths compared to bermudagrass that was either fertilized and infested with mole crickets, or bermudagrass without mole crickets. Bermudagrass treated with either the rhizobacteria blend or fertilizer produce similar top growth, and both treatments in the presence of mole crickets produced greater top growth than bermudagrass without mole crickets. Bermudagrass field plots infested naturally with mole crickets and treated twice with the rhizobacteria blend, or the rhizobacteria blend mixed with bifenthrin produced similar damage ratings as plots treated twice with bifenthrin. The rhizobacteria blend mixed with bifenthrin provided more consistent reductions in the surface activity of mole crickets relative to non‐treated plots.CONCLUSIONEnhanced growth of bermudagrass from fertilizer or rhizobacteria increased tolerance of bermudagrass to damage from tawny mole crickets. Application of PGPR or a PGPR‐bifenthrin mixture to turfgrass damaged by mole crickets provided comparable reductions to a short residual, synthetic pyrethroid insecticide. Rhizobacterial products have potential utility for IPM of root herbivores. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Development and validation of a liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry quantification method for 14 cytotoxic drugs in environmental samples
Authors: Acramel Alexandre , Chouquet Thibaut , Plé Alain , Sauvageon Hélène , Mourah Samia , Jouenne Fanélie , Goldwirt Lauriane 
Published: September 2019

RationaleCytotoxic drug preparation in hospital pharmacies is associated with chronic occupational exposure leading to a risk of adverse effects. The objective was to develop and validate a quantification method for the following cytotoxic drugs in environmental wipe samples: cyclophosphamide, ifosfamide, cytarabine, dacarbazine, docetaxel, paclitaxel, doxorubicin, epirubicin, etoposide, 5‐fluorouracil, gemcitabine, irinotecan, methotrexate and pemetrexed.MethodsThe quantification method was developed using liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry and a wiping technique using viscose swabs. Linearity, accuracy, precision, limit of quantification, specificity and stability were assessed, from swab desorbed solution, to validate the analytical method, with respect to ICH guidelines. Environmental samples were collected by wiping five work surfaces of 225 cm2 with viscose swabs, during three days.ResultsThe quantification method was linear over the calibration range with a lower limit of quantification ranging from 0.5 to 5.0 ng mL−1 depending on the cytotoxic drug. The intra‐day and inter‐day relative biases were below 1.5% and 13.5%, respectively. This method was successfully applied to surface‐wipe sampling and environmental contaminations ranged from 0.7 to 1840.0 ng cm−2 for the most contaminated areas.ConclusionsThis quantification method for 14 cytotoxic drugs was successfully applied to environmental contamination monitoring and could therefore be a useful tool for monitoring and toxicological studies.
Orange‐Emissive Carbon Quantum Dots: Toward Application in Wound pH Monitoring Based on Colorimetric and Fluorescent Changing
Authors: Yang Pei , Zhu Ziqi , Zhang Tao , Zhang Wei , Chen Weimin , Cao Yizhong , Chen Minzhi , Zhou Xiaoyan 
Published: September 2019

AbstractMonitoring of wound pH is critical for interpreting wound status, because early identification of wound infection or nonhealing wounds is conducive to administion of therapies at the right time. Here, novel orange‐emissive carbon quantum dots (O‐CDs) are synthesized via microwave‐assisted heating of 1,2,4‐triaminobenzene and urea aqueous solution. The as‐prepared O‐CDs exhibit distinctive colorimetric response to pH changing, and also display pH‐sensitive fluorescence. Benefiting from the response of O‐CDs over a wound‐relevant pH range (5–9), medical cotton cloth is selected to immobilize O‐CDs through hydrogen bond interactions, the resultant O‐CDs‐coated cloth with emission at 560 nm shows a high response to pH variation in the range of 5–9 via both fluorescence and visible colorimetric changes. Moreover, the sensitivity of fluorescence to pH is capable of establishing an analytical mode for determining pH value. Further, the O‐CDs‐based pH indicator possesses not only superior biocompatibility and drug compatibility but also excellent resistance leachability and high reversibility. Importantly, the usage of O‐CDs‐coated cloth to detect pH is free from the interference of blood contamination and long‐term storage, thus providing a valuable strategy for wound pH monitoring through visual response and quantitative determination.
Raspberry‐Shaped Thermochromic Energy Storage Nanocapsule with Tunable Sunlight Absorption Based on Color Change for Temperature Regulation
Authors: Zhang Wan , Wang Chaoxia , Chen Kunlin , Yin Yunjie 
Published: September 2019

AbstractA novel raspberry‐shaped thermochromic energy storage nanocapsule (RTESN) is successfully designed and fabricated with switchable sunlight absorption capacity based on color change for temperature regulation. The RTESN is developed by grafting amino‐modified silica shell thermochromic nanoparticles (amino‐TLD@SiO2) on the surface of epoxy‐functionalized energy storage nanocapsules (paraffin@PSG), with a total particle size about 450 nm. RTESN exhibits a deep color under low temperatures, which can absorb sunlight for heating. During the continuous thermal energy supply, paraffin@PSG is capable of storing thermal energy owing to its large latent heat capacity of 118.7 J g–1, thereby maintaining the slow temperature increase. When the temperature is higher than the phase change temperature of paraffin@PSG, the color of amino‐TLD@SiO2 turns to white with more reflection of sunlight so that it reduces the absorption of thermal energy and prevents the further increase of temperature. The thermal regulation behavior is confirmed by setting up a wooden house with the surface covered with RTESN. Compared with the blank wooden house, the RTESN covered wooden house (RTESN‐H) displays thermal insulation performances during heating and cooling with a maximum temperature difference of 7 °C.
The Monster in the Classroom: Assessing Language to Inform Instruction
Authors: Goodwin Amanda P. , Petscher Yaacov , Jones Sara , McFadden Sara , Reynolds Dan , Lantos Tess 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe authors describe Monster, P.I., which is an app‐based, gamified assessment that measures language skills (knowledge of morphology, vocabulary, and syntax) of students in grades 5–8 and provides teachers with interpretable score reports to drive instruction that improves vocabulary, reading, and writing ability. Specifically, the authors describe why an assessment of language is important to include, the components of language that are assessed by Monster, P.I., and how Monster, P.I., uses gamification to add enjoyment and motivation to the assessment experience. The authors then explain how to use Monster, P.I., to inform instructional decisions, specifically explaining the overall instructional framework, what each score means, and examples of instruction that link to each area assessed by the app. Links to Common Core State Standards are included. The authors conclude by sharing teachers’ feedback on the assessment and how they used it to support instruction in their classrooms.
Mass fluxes of nitrogen and phosphorus through water reclamation facilities: Case study of biological nutrient removal, aerobic sludge digestion, and sidestream recycle
Authors: Kassouf Hélène , García Parra Andrés , Mulford Luke , Iranipour Gita , Ergas Sarina J. , Cunningham Jeffrey A. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractAt water reclamation facilities, recycling of nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus) from solids‐handling processes to the mainstream treatment process can have detrimental effects on biological nutrient removal systems. In this study, mass fluxes of nitrogen and phosphorus were quantified through the treatment trains at the Northwest Regional Water Reclamation Facility (NWRWRF) and the adjoining Biosolids Management Facility (BMF), which receives sludge from several water reclamation facilities in Hillsborough County, Florida. The driving objectives were to determine (a) whether the return stream from BMF to NWRWRF (i.e., the “sidestream”) represents a significant source of nitrogen and phosphorus to NWRWRF, and (b) whether the sidestream return from BMF is interfering with biological nutrient removal processes at NWRWRF. We determined that nearly half of the overall phosphorus flux into NWRWRF is recycled from the BMF sidestream. This leads to an increased cost of treatment, for example, for alum used in phosphorus removal at NWRWRF. In contrast to phosphorus, the flux of nitrogen from BMF to NWRWRF is small (~3%) compared with the flux of nitrogen entering NWRWRF in raw wastewater. However, nitrogen in the sidestream is mostly in the form of nitrate, which prevents anaerobic conditions from developing in the fermentation basin at NWRWRF, and thereby interferes with the enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) process. Some measurements suggest that fermentation and release of phosphorus may occur in the return activated sludge line (despite the relatively short residence time in that line), which supports EBPR and may partially compensate for anoxic (denitrifying) conditions in the fermentation basin. Therefore, overall, NWRWRF is able to meet its permit limits for phosphorus through a combination of EBPR and alum addition. Although the fluxes measured here are particular to the treatment systems under consideration, the general trends observed are likely to apply to many similar facilities that employ biological nutrient removal, aerobic digestion, and sidestream recycle, particularly those with regional biosolids management facilities. We recommend that such facilities consider (a) removal or recovery of phosphorus from their sidestreams and (b) returning sidestreams downstream of fermentation basins to avoid inhibition of EBPR processes.Practitioner points

Sidestreams from aerobic digestion can represent significant sources of phosphorus to mainstream wastewater treatment.

Recycle of nitrate in aerobic digestion sidestreams can interfere with enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) during mainstream treatment.

Fermentation of return activated sludge (RAS) can support EBPR, even under short average hydraulic residence times (minutes).