bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ethics in Conflict: Diverging Views on Unethical Behavior Among Students and Faculty in Albanian Higher Education
Authors: Bodinaku Blerta , Sula Gerda , Zahaj Skerdi 
Published: November 2024

This study investigates unethical behaviors among students and faculty within higher education institutions in Albania. It seeks to identify the most prevalent unethical actions and analyze the differing perceptions between students and faculty. A quantitative explanatory research design was utilized, with a stratified sample comprising 736 participants from public universities in Albania. Separate questionnaires were designed and administered to capture the perceptions of students and faculty, respectively. Findings reveal that while both groups perceive unethical behaviors as serious, they do not consider them frequent. Plagiarism, grade manipulation, student exploitation, unequal treatment, and classroom disruptions were identified as the most common unethical behaviors reported by both students and faculty. Across all cases, students reported a higher frequency and perceived severity of unethical behaviors, whether enacted by students or faculty, whereas faculty members demonstrated a greater sensitivity to the severity of these behaviors. The study concludes with key recommendations, including strengthening the legislative framework and mechanisms for preventing and addressing ethical violations, as well as enhancing ethical education and professional development opportunities for faculty.

Received: 7 August 2024 / Accepted: 29 October 2024 / Published: 05 November 2024
Analisis Penerapan Supply Chain Management terhadap Efektivitas Kinerja Supply Chain melalui Total Quality Management sebagai Mediasi
Authors: Nur Hidayati  , Mardiyana  , Mardiputra Ilham Muhammad , Rismawati  
Published: November 2024

Hubungan antara rantai pasokan dan kualitas produk saling terkait, karena diperlukan pengendalian internal dan eksternal untuk meningkatkan kinerja rantai pasokan dalam suatu perusahaan. Hubungan dengan pemasok, pelanggan dan perusahaan itu sendiri harus dikelola dengan baik. Bagaimana pemasok dapat bertanggung jawab atas kualitas produknya, hubungan jangka panjang yang baik dengan pemasok dan pelanggan, serta distribusi produk yang tepat waktu dari hulu hingga hilir hingga mencapai konsumen akhir. Sebagai bagian dari penelitian ini, dilakukan studi tentang penerapan manajemen rantai pasokan (SCM) untuk meningkatkan efektivitas kinerja rantai pasokan melalui media manajemen kualitas total.
Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji dan menganalisis dampak SCM terhadap kinerja rantai pasokan melalui mediasi TQM. Teknik analisis data menggunakan Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), Partial Minimum Squared (PLS). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan manajemen rantai pasok terhadap efektivitas kinerja rantai pasok melalui TQM sebagai mediator lebih efektif dibandingkan tanpa TQM sebagai mediator. Artinya TQM dapat mengkomunikasikan variabel SCM dan kinerja rantai pasok.
Bidirectional associations among gallstone disease, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, kidney stone disease
Authors: Jiang Guo-Heng , Li Sheng , Li Hong-Yu , Xie Lin-Jun , Li Shi-Yi , Yan Zi-Tong , Yu Wen-Qian , Luo Jing , Bai Xuan , Kong Ling-Xi , Lou Yan-Mei , Zhang Chi , Li Guang-Can , Shan Xue-Feng , Mao Min , Wang Xin 
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND
A body of evidence has suggested bidirectional relationships among gallstone disease (GSD), non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and kidney stone disease (KSD). However, the results are inconsistent, and studies on this topic in China are relatively few. Our goal is to explore the bidirectional associations among these three diseases through a multicenter study, systematic review, and meta-analysis.
AIM
To explore the bidirectional associations among these three diseases through a multicenter study, systematic review, and meta-analysis. The results may help to investigate the etiology of these diseases and shed light on the individualized prevention of these three diseases.
METHODS
Subjects who participated in physical examinations in Beijing, Tianjin, Chongqing in China were recruited. Multivariable logistic regression was employed to explore the bidirectional relationships among GSD, KSD, and NAFLD. Systematic review and meta-analysis were initiated to confirm the epidemiologic evidence from previous observational studies. Furthermore, trial sequential analysis (TSA) was conducted to evaluate whether the evidence was sufficient and conclusive.
RESULTS
Significant bidirectional associations were detected among the three diseases, independent of potential confounding factors. The pooled results of the systematic review and meta-analysis also corroborated the aforementioned results. The combined evidence from the multicenter study and meta-analysis was significant [pooled odds ratio (OR) = 1.42, 95%CI: 1.16-1.75, KSD → GSD; pooled OR = 1.48, 95%CI: 1.31-1.67, GSD → KSD; pooled OR = 1.31, 95%CI: 1.17-1.47, GSD → NAFLD; pooled OR = 1.37, 95%CI: 1.26-1.50, NAFLD → GSD; pooled OR = 1.28, 95%CI: 1.08-1.51, NAFLD → KSD; pooled OR = 1.21, 95%CI: 1.16-1.25, KSD → NAFLD]. TSA indicated that the evidence was sufficient and conclusive.
CONCLUSION
The present study presents relatively sufficient evidence for the positive bidirectional associations among GSD, KSD, and NAFLD. The results may provide clues for investigating the etiology of these three diseases and offer a guideline for identifying high-risk patients.
Методическое сопровождение школьных учителей как условие их профессионально-личностного развития и повышения качества образовательного процесса в первой половине 1950-х годов (на примере городских школ г. Рязани)
Authors: Н.П. Щетинина 
Published: November 2024

Обращение к опыту методического сопровождения учителей городских школ Рязани в исследуемый период является актуальным для современной теории и практики методической работы с учителями. В статье с помощью теоретических методов критического анализа педагогических источников, архивных материалов анализируется практический опыт методической работы с учителями городских школ. Доказано, что в методическом сопровождении школьных учителей использовались как традиционные, так и инновационные подходы, формы, методы, приемы, которые отвечали актуальным задачам школьного образования первой половины 1950-х годов; выделены достижения и проблемы в методической работе со школьными учителями города. Критическое осмысление накопленного опыта прошлого позволяет говорить о его значении для современной системы организации методической поддержки школьных учителей, что свидетельствует о теоретической значимости проведенного автором статьи исследования, а введение в научный оборот новых архивных материалов, попытка дать авторскую оценку прошлого опыта методической работы с позиции достижений и недостатков — о его научной новизне. Результаты исследования могут быть использованы научными работниками, преподавателями, студентами при изучении истории педагогики и образования.
Analyzing the experience of methodological support of teachers of city schools of Ryazan in the stated period is relevant for modern theory and practice of methodological work with teaching professionals. The article employs theoretical methods of critical analysis of pedagogical sources and archival materials and analyzes the practical experience of methodological work with teachers of schools in the city of Ryazan. The research proves that both traditional and innovative approaches, forms, methods, and techniques were used in the methodological support of school teachers, which met the current tasks of school education in the first half of the 1950s. It highlights the achievements and problems in methodological work with school teachers in the city. A critical consideration of the experience accumulated in the past allows us to state its significance for the modern system of methodological support for school teachers. This testifies to the theoretical importance of the research conducted, and the introduction of new archival materials into scientific discussion. The author evaluates the past experience of methodological work focusing on the achievements and shortcomings, which accounts for scientific novelty of the article. The conclusions of the research can be used by education scholars, teachers, and college students studying the history of pedagogy and education.
К вопросу о формировании интереса к иностранному языку у студентов неязыкового вуза (из опыта работы Удмуртского государственного аграрного университета)
Authors: Т.В. Сарафанова , В.М. Литвинова 
Published: November 2024

В статье рассматривается проблема формирования устойчивого интереса студентов неязыкового вуза к изучению иностранного языка. Отмечается значение иностранного языка в развитии профессиональной компетентности и конкурентоспособности будущих специалистов на рынке труда. Целью исследования является определение наиболее эффективных методов обучения студентов неязыкового вуза для повышения интереса к изучению иностранного языка. В качестве основополагающего принципа в обучении студентов авторами рассматривается деятельностный подход, в рамках которого предполагается совместная деятельность преподавателя и студента. В ходе эксперимента авторами были применены эффективные методики для формирования интереса к изучению иностранного языка у студентов, такие как диалоговые техники, составление ментальных карт. Применение ассоциативного метода при работе с профессионально ориентированной лексикой, а также выполнение проблемных творческих заданий в процессе обучения доказывает их эффективность в повышении интереса к изучению дисциплины. Практическая значимость использованных методов при преподавании иностранного языка у студентов неязыкового вуза подтверждается экспериментальной работой. Ключевые слова: изучение иностранного языка, устойчивый интерес, профессиональная компетентность, конкурентоспособность, деятельностный подход, эффективные методики, проблемные задания, профессионально ориентированная лексика, ассоциативный метод.
The article deals with the formation of sustainable interest of students of non-language university in learning a foreign language. The paper states the importance of foreign languages in the development of professional competence and competitiveness of future specialists in the labor market. The aim of the study is to determine the most effective methods of teaching non-language university students in order to increase their interest in learning a foreign language. The authors consider the activity approach as a fundamental principle in teaching students, which involves joint activities of teachers and students. In the course of the experiment the authors applied effective methods for the formation of interest in learning a foreign language among students, such as dialog techniques and mind mapping. Application of the associative method when working with professionally oriented vocabulary, as well as performance of problem creative tasks in the learning process proves their effectiveness in increasing interest in the study of the discipline. The practical significance of the methods used in teaching a foreign language to students of a non-language university is confirmed by experimental work.
Подготовка будущих педагогов к применению дистанционных образовательных технологий: результаты онлайн-опроса
Authors: В.А. Фулин 
Published: November 2024

Формирование готовности будущих педагогов к применению дистанционных образовательных технологий является необходимым условием для удовлетворения потребностей цифровой экономики в кадрах. Целью исследования является изучение и анализ взглядов студентов, обучающихся по педагогическим направлениям, на потенциал дистанционных образовательных технологий в учебном процессе. Исследование основано на теоретических (анализ, систематизация, обобщение положений научной литературы по теме исследования) и эмпирических методах (анализ результатов опроса студентов). Сделан вывод, что в условиях цифровой трансформации образования у будущего педагога необходимо сформировать ИКТ-компетенции, связанные с применением дистанционных образовательных технологий, созданием интерактивного контента, организацией и проведением вебинаров, размещением лекционного материала, осуществлением коммуникации между участниками учебного процесса в цифровой образовательной среде. Перспективы исследований могут быть связаны с анализом влияния некоторых групп сквозных технологий на учебный процесс с элементами дистанционных образовательных технологий и подготовкой студентов к их использованию в профессиональной деятельности.
The formation of future teachers’ readiness to use distance education technologies is a necessary condition for meeting the needs of the digital economy in professionals. The purpose of the research is to study and analyze the views of students trained for educational careers concerning the potential of distance learning technologies in the educational process. The study is based on theoretical (analysis, systematization, review of research literature on the topic) and empirical methods (analysis of student survey results). It is concluded that in the conditions of digital transformation of education in the future teacher it is necessary to form ICT competencies related to using distance learning technologies, creation of interactive content, organization and conduct of webinars, uploading of lecture materials, organizing communication between participants of the educational process in the digital environment. Further prospects for this research can be related to the analysis of the impact of some groups of end-to-end technologies on the educational process with elements of distance education technologies and training students to employ them in professional activities.
Modeling the Wavelength Dependence of Pixel Response Nonuniformity of a CCD Sensor
Authors: Luo Zun , Du Wei , Chen Baocun , Meng Xianmin , Zhan Hu 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Precision measurements in astronomy require stringent control of systematics such as those arising from imperfect correction of sensor effects. In this work, we develop a parametric method to model the wavelength dependence of pixel response nonuniformity (PRNU) for a laser-annealed backside-illuminated charge-coupled device. The model accurately reproduces the PRNU patterns of flat-field images taken at nine wavelengths from 290 to 950 nm, leaving the rms residuals no more than 0.2% in most cases. By removing the large-scale nonuniformity in the flat fields, the rms residuals are further reduced. This model fitting approach gives more accurate predictions of the PRNU than cubic-spline interpolation does with fewer free parameters. It can be applied to make PRNU corrections for individual objects according to their spectral energy distribution to reduce the photometry errors caused by the wavelength-dependent PRNU, if sub-percent level precision is required.
Particles in Relativistic Magnetohydrodynamic Jets. II. Bridging Jet Dynamics with Multi–wave band Nonthermal Emission Signatures
Authors: Dubey Ravi Pratap , Fendt Christian , Vaidya Bhargav 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Relativistic magnetized jets, originating near black holes, are observed to exhibit substructured flows. In this study, we present synthetic synchrotron-emission signatures for different lines of sight and frequencies, derived from three-dimensional relativistic magnetohydrodynamic simulations of pc-scale Active Galactic Nuclei jets. These simulations apply different injection nozzles, injecting steady, variable, and precessing jets. Extending our previous study, here, we have developed a bridge to connect jet dynamics and particle acceleration within relativistic shocks with nonthermal radiation dominant in jets. The emission is derived from Lagrangian particles—injected into the jet and following the fluid—accelerated through diffusive shock acceleration and subsequently cooled by emitting energy via synchrotron and inverse-Compton processes. Overall, the different shock structures lead to the formation of numerous localized emission patterns—interpreted as jet knots. These knot patterns can fade or flare, also as a consequence of merging or Doppler boosting, leading to jet variability. We find knots with high-enough pattern speed supposed to be visible as superluminal motion ≲5c. Synchrotron spectra of all jets reveal double-humped structures, reflecting multiple electron populations characterized by the nature of underlying shock and their age. The precessing jet is the most powerful emitter, featuring a spectrum flatter than the steady and the variable jet. The emission, although essentially governed by the acceleration through shocks, depends on the cooling history of the particle as well. Overall, the continuous reacceleration of electrons through shocks along the jet we found is an essential prerequisite for observing extended jet emission over large timescales and length scales.
New Measurements of the Lyα Forest Continuum and Effective Optical Depth with LyCAN and DESI Y1 Data
Authors: Turner Wynne , Martini Paul , Karaçaylı Naim Göksel , Aguilar J. , Ahlen S. , Brooks D. , Claybaugh T. , de la Macorra A. , Dey A. , Doel P. , Fanning K. , Forero-Romero J . E. , Gontcho A Gontcho S. , Gonzalez-Morales A. X. , Gutierrez G. , Guy J. , Herrera-Alcantar H. K. , Honscheid K. , Juneau S. , Kisner T. , Kremin A. , Lambert A. , Landriau M. , Le Guillou L. , Meisner A. , Miquel R. , Moustakas J. , Mueller E. , Muñoz-Gutiérrez A. , Myers A. D. , Nie J. , Niz G. , Poppett C. , Prada F. , Rezaie M. , Rossi G. , Sanchez E. , Schlafly E. F. , Schlegel D. , Schubnell Michael F. , Seo H. , Sprayberry D. , Tarlé G. , Weaver B. A. , Zou H. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
We present the Lyα Continuum Analysis Network (LyCAN), a convolutional neural network that predicts the unabsorbed quasar continuum within the rest-frame wavelength range of 1040–1600 Å based on the red side of the Lyα emission line (1216–1600 Å). We developed synthetic spectra based on a Gaussian mixture model representation of nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) coefficients. These coefficients were derived from high-resolution, low-redshift (z < 0.2) Hubble Space Telescope/Cosmic Origins Spectrograph (COS) quasar spectra. We supplemented this COS-based synthetic sample with an equal number of DESI Year 5 mock spectra. LyCAN performs extremely well on testing sets, achieving a median error in the forest region of 1.5% on the DESI mock sample, 2.0% on the COS-based synthetic sample, and 4.1% on the original COS spectra. LyCAN outperforms principal component analysis (PCA) and NMF-based prediction methods using the same training set by 40% or more. We predict the intrinsic continua of 83,635 DESI Year 1 spectra in the redshift range of 2.1 ≤ z ≤ 4.2 and perform an absolute measurement of the evolution of the effective optical depth. This is the largest sample employed to measure the optical depth evolution to date. We fit a power law of the form

τ

(
z
)
=

τ

0

(
1
+
z
)

γ

to our measurements and find τ
0 = (2.46 ± 0.14) × 10−3 and γ = 3.62 ± 0.04. Our results show particular agreement with high-resolution, ground-based observations around z = 2, indicating that LyCAN is able to predict the quasar continuum in the forest region with only spectral information outside the forest.
Photospheric Hot Spots at Solar Coronal Loop Footpoints Revealed by Hyperspectral Imaging Observations
Authors: Chitta L. P. , van Noort M. , Smitha H. N. , Priest E. R. , Rouppe van der Voort L. H. M. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Poynting flux generated by random shuffling of photospheric magnetic footpoints is transferred through the upper atmosphere of the Sun where the plasma is heated to over 1 MK in the corona. High spatiotemporal resolution observations of the lower atmosphere at the base of coronal magnetic loops are crucial to better understand the nature of the footpoint dynamics and the details of magnetic processes that eventually channel energy into the corona. Here, we report high spatial resolution (∼0.″1) and cadence (1.33 s) hyperspectral imaging of the solar Hα line, acquired by the Microlensed Hyperspectral Imager prototype installed at the Swedish 1-m Solar Telescope, that reveal photospheric hot spots at the base of solar coronal loops. These hot spots manifest themselves as Hα wing enhancements, occurring on small spatial scales of ∼0.″2, and timescales of less than 100 s. By assuming that the Hα wings and the continuum form under the local thermodynamic equilibrium condition, we inverted the Hα line profiles and found that the hot spots are compatible with a temperature increase of about 1000 K above the ambient quiet-Sun temperature. The Hα wing integrated Stokes V/I maps indicate that hot spots are related to magnetic patches with field strengths comparable to or even stronger that the surrounding network elements. But they do not show the presence of parasitic polarity magnetic field that would support the interpretation that these hot spots are reconnection-driven Ellerman bombs. Therefore, we interpret these features as proxies of locations where convection-driven magnetic field intensification in the photosphere can lead to energy transfer into higher layers. We suggest that such hot spots at coronal loop footpoints may be indicative of the specific locations and onset of energy flux injection into the upper atmosphere.
Six Maxims of Statistical Acumen for Astronomical Data Analysis
Authors: Tak Hyungsuk , Chen Yang , Kashyap Vinay L. , Mandel Kaisey S. , Meng Xiao-Li , Siemiginowska Aneta , van Dyk David A. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The acquisition of complex astronomical data is accelerating, especially with newer telescopes producing ever more large-scale surveys. The increased quantity, complexity, and variety of astronomical data demand a parallel increase in skill and sophistication in developing, deciding, and deploying statistical methods. Understanding limitations and appreciating nuances in statistical and machine learning methods and the reasoning behind them is essential for improving data-analytic proficiency and acumen. Aiming to facilitate such improvement in astronomy, we delineate cautionary tales in statistics via six maxims, with examples drawn from the astronomical literature. Inspired by the significant quality improvement in business and manufacturing processes by the routine adoption of Six Sigma, we hope the routine reflection on these six maxims will improve the quality of both data analysis and scientific findings in astronomy.
An Upgraded Line List for Radiative Transitions between the B
2Σ+, A
2Π, and X
2Σ+ States of the CN Radical
Authors: Kozlov S. V. , Terashkevich V. A. , Pazyuk E. A. , Stolyarov A. V. , Yurchenko S. N. , Tennyson J. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The global mass-invariant coupled-channel deperturbation model of the B
2Σ+, A
2Π, and X
2Σ+ states of the CN radical, which reproduces the overall rovibronic term values of mutually perturbed levels with almost spectroscopic accuracy, has been utilized to produce complete line lists of radiative transitions between the X
2Σ+, B
2Σ+, and A
2Π1/2;3/2 states of CN isotopologues. The Einstein A emission coefficients generated for the A − X, B − X, and B − A transitions provide both lifetimes of the excited states as well as the B → A/X branching ratios. The ab initio permanent and transition dipole moments required are revisited within the framework of the multireference configuration interaction and of the averaged coupled-pair functional methods. An upgraded line list is provided in ExoMol format and employed to simulate intensity distribution into the high-temperature air plasma B → X and A → X spectra as well as in the rotational resolved B → X/A emission bands undergoing strong local B ∼ A ∼ X perturbations. A comparison with laboratory and astronomical spectra shows that the present line list significantly improves the treatment of both locally perturbed and highly excited rotational levels of the B ∼ A ∼ X complex.