bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The allocation of resource control within the corporate structure: Evidence from post‐acquisition patent reassignments
Authors: Devarakonda Shivaram V. , Goossen Martin C. , Mulotte Louis 
Published: November 2024

AbstractResearch SummaryThis study explores the decision to centralize control over technological resources. We posit that opportunity costs arising from the firm's administrative structure impact this choice. These opportunity costs stem from differences in identifying and evaluating opportunity sets between the unit level (decentralized) and headquarters level (centralized). We propose that a resource's versatility increases the opportunity costs associated with decentralized control, thereby raising the likelihood of its control being centralized. Using a sample of patents acquired through corporate acquisitions in the medical device industry, we find that patents with greater technological and product‐market versatility are more likely to be reassigned to the central level. These findings contribute to elucidating the interplay between resources, strategy, and structure.Managerial SummaryIn the process of integrating a newly acquired firm, acquirers must decide whether to retain the resources within the acquired subsidiary or reallocate them to the headquarters. Decentralizing resources enables managers at the divisional level to spot, sort, select, and seize opportunities in their specific product‐market domains. However, centralizing resources can help exploit opportunities with a broad scope, spanning across divisions. The key consideration is determining which resources should be centralized after an acquisition? Analysis of data on 507 US acquisitions in the medical device industry undertaken between 1996 and 2015 reveals that acquirers tend to centralize versatile technological resources, especially when the acquirers themselves have a diverse technological base.
Interwoven Porous Pristine Cobalt‐Based Metal‐Organic Framework as an Efficient Photocatalyst for CO2 Reduction
Authors: Ren Zhujuan , Wang Shuaishuai , Zhu Mengyu , Wang Kuaibing , Wu Hua , Mao Feifei 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAs a desired utilization of the conversion of CO2 into valuable carbon fuel production under solar energy, it remains challenging due to the lack of efficient catalysts. Herein, a 3D interpenetrating metal‐organic framework of [Co(Tipa)(HCOO)2(H2O)]·H2O (Co‐Tipa) with 1D open channel is solvothermally synthesized using a semi‐flexible ligand (Tipa = tri‐(4‐(1H‐imidazol‐1‐yl)‐phenyl)amine). The tridentate bridge ligand‐oriented periodicity Co‐Tipa MOF is combined with ruthenium‐based photosensitizers under mild reaction conditions to form an efficient nonhomogeneous co‐catalyst for photocatalytic CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR). As a crystalline MOFs catalyst, the CO production rate, selectivity, and the quantum yield under visible light irradiation offer outstanding performance for the synergistic advantages of structural feature, metal center, and organic ligand. The stability and reusability of the Co‐Tipa co‐catalyst in the reaction system are profited from the robust 3D entangled framework. The mechanism of how to enhance CO2RR performance for the Co‐Tipa is assisted in illustration through density functional theory (DFT) calculations. By leveraging the unique structural properties of entangled MOFs, this study offers innovative approaches for the development of more effective and s Co‐Tipa catalysts that can selectively CO2 into valuable chemicals and fuels.
Esculin, a Coumarin Glucoside Prevents Fluoride‐Induced Oxidative Stress and Cardiotoxicity in Zebrafish Larvae
Authors: Babu Srija , Velmani Naveen Surya , Manoharan Suryaa , Perumal Ekambaram 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTFluoride (F−) is a major groundwater contaminant spread across the world. In excess concentrations, F− can be detrimental to living beings. F− exposure is linked to cellular redox dyshomeostasis, leading to oxidative stress‐mediated pathologies including heart dysfunction. Due to its potent antioxidant properties, various phytochemicals are found to alleviate the symptoms of F− toxicity. Hence, we explore the protective effect of esculin (Esc), a coumarin glucoside on F−‐induced oxidative stress and cardiotoxicity in zebrafish larvae. The experimental groups consisted of NaF (50 ppm) and Esc (100 μM) groups treated alone and in combination with a control group for 6 h. The groups were maintained till 78 hpf after which the level of oxidants (ROS, LPO, and PCC) and antioxidants (GST, GSH, GPx, SOD, and CAT) were assessed. The results revealed that Esc pretreatment restored the depleted antioxidant markers and reduced the levels of oxidant in the Esc+NaF group, exhibiting its antioxidant potential. In addition, analyses of the heartbeat rate and hemoglobin integrity using o‐Dianisidine staining were conducted in the control and experimental groups. Esc treatment prevents F− induced cardiac changes including tachycardia and altered blood flow. Further, the mRNA expression level of antioxidant genes (nrf2, gstp1, hmox1a, prdx1, and nqo1) and cardiac developmental genes (bmp2b, nkx2.5, myh6, and myl7) confirmed that Esc acts as a potent free radical scavenger and antioxidant defense enhancer, protecting zebrafish larvae from NaF‐induced oxidative stress and heart dysfunction.
Dextromethorphan Inhibits Osteoblast Differentiation and Bone Regeneration of Rats With Subcritical‐Sized Calvarial Defects
Authors: Lai Yu‐Cheng , Yao Zhi‐Kang , Chang Tien‐Chieh , Feng Chien‐Wei , Kuo Tsu‐Jen , Luo Yi‐Wei , Jean Yen‐Hsuan , Lin Hugo Y.‐H. , Wen Zhi‐Hong 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThe glutamatergic signaling pathway, which is mediated by N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate (NMDA) receptors, is crucial for osteoblast differentiation and bone function. Dextromethorphan (DXM), a widely used antitussive, is a noncompetitive antagonist of the NMDA receptor. However, the effects of DXM on osteoblast and bone regeneration remain unclear. The present study investigated the effects of DXM on osteogenesis in vitro and in vivo. A MC3T3‐E1 preosteoblast cell line was treated with varying concentrations of DXM. Real‐time‐quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‐qPCR) and Western‐blot analysis were performed to evaluate the expression of osteogenesis‐related runt‐related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), osterix (OSX), osteocalcin (OCN), collagen type 1α (Col‐1α), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) after DXM treatment. Zebrafish embryos were incubated with DXM, which had potential to affect the ossification of the vertebrae and skull, and analyzed using calcein staining. Furthermore, we used a rat calvarial defect model to assess the effects of DXM on bone regeneration by using microcomputed tomography. The results indicate that DXM inhibited extracellular mineralization, ALP activity, and the expression of osteogenic markers, namely RUNX2, OSX, OCN, Col‐1α, and ALP, in MC3T3‐E1 cells. DXM suppressed skeleton ossification in zebrafish and affected bone regeneration in rats with calvarial defects. However, the mineral density of the regenerated bones did not differ significantly between the DXM and control groups. The present study demonstrated that DXM negatively affects the osteogenic function of osteoblasts, leading to impaired skeletal development and bone regeneration. Thus, clinicians should consider the negative effects of DXM on bone regeneration.
Creating welcoming and courageous spaces for student leadership training
Authors: Mayweather Darquillius J. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe evolving demographic landscape in the United States is a cause to shift leadership training approaches to better serve diverse populations. This article addresses the call for leadership educators to create inclusive, courageous training environments that reflect the increasing diversity in educational and professional settings. Traditionally, leadership education has centered on White and masculine paradigms, often neglecting the unique experiences of historically marginalized groups. This article emphasizes the importance of recognizing and incorporating social identities into leadership training by using these four key strategies: (1) building trust, (2) acknowledging social identity, (3) identity‐based storytelling, and (4) experiential learning activities. By integrating these strategies, leadership educators can foster environments that are conducive to deeper learning and engagement.
On the creativity of large language models
Authors: Franceschelli Giorgio , Musolesi Mirco 
Published: November 2024

AbstractLarge language models (LLMs) are revolutionizing several areas of Artificial Intelligence. One of the most remarkable applications is creative writing, e.g., poetry or storytelling: the generated outputs are often of astonishing quality. However, a natural question arises: can LLMs be really considered creative? In this article, we first analyze the development of LLMs under the lens of creativity theories, investigating the key open questions and challenges. In particular, we focus our discussion on the dimensions of value, novelty, and surprise as proposed by Margaret Boden in her work. Then, we consider different classic perspectives, namely product, process, press, and person. We discuss a set of “easy” and “hard” problems in machine creativity, presenting them in relation to LLMs. Finally, we examine the societal impact of these technologies with a particular focus on the creative industries, analyzing the opportunities offered, the challenges arising from them, and the potential associated risks, from both legal and ethical points of view.
Process chain of a twin-roll cast aluminium-copper-lithium alloy
Authors: Mallow Sina , Broer Jette , Milkereit Benjamin , Grydin Olexandr , Hoyer Kay-Peter , Garthe Kai-Uwe , Milaege Dennis , Boyko Viktoriya , Schaper Mirko , Kessler Olaf 
Published: November 2024

AbstractRolling processes of conventional cast Al-Li alloys quickly reach their limits due to relatively poor material formability. This can be overcome by using twin-roll casting to produce thin sheets. Further thermomechanical treatment, including hot or cold rolling, and heat treatment can adjust the mechanical properties of twin-roll cast Al-Li sheets. The whole manufacturing chain requires detailed knowledge of the precipitation and dissolution behavior during heating, soaking and cooling, to purposefully select any process parameters. This study shows the process chain of a twin-roll cast Al–Cu–Li alloy achieving a hardness of around 180 HV1 by adapting the heat treatment parameters for homogenisation, hot rolling and age hardening. Both hardness and microstructure evolution are visualised along the process chain.
Childhood maltreatment, mindfulness, and the mediating role of rumination in college students
Authors: Fox Stephen W. , Morgan Valerie R. , Strait Gerald G. , Strait Julia Englund , Ranton Katherine 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Childhood maltreatment has been associated with a myriad of challenges in later life, including difficulties related to cognitive processing, emotional regulation, social-behavioral functioning, and academic achievement. The current study investigated how childhood maltreatment may affect college students by examining the interrelationship of important variables known to be associated with maltreatment: trait mindfulness and rumination. Data was collected via convenience sampling. Self-report measures of childhood maltreatment, ruminative thoughts, and trait mindfulness were completed by college students attending a midsize, public, regional, four-year university in the southeastern United States. Data from a total of 374 participants were included in the analyses. Findings provide evidence that rumination may mediate the relationship between childhood maltreatment and trait mindfulness. In addition, results indicated that negative forms of ruminative thought, both depressive and maladaptive, partially accounted for the relationship between childhood maltreatment and trait mindfulness. Adaptive rumination was not found to be a significant mediator in the relationship between childhood maltreatment and trait mindfulness. These findings may be useful for colleges and universities in considerations for providing a tiered system of support for students with maltreatment histories who experience ruminative thoughts. Addressing ruminative thoughts may help improve important life functions of those students.
Knightian uncertainty in the regulatory context
Authors: Sunstein Cass R. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In 1921, John Maynard Keynes and Frank Knight independently insisted on the importance of making a distinction between uncertainty and risk. Keynes referred to matters about which ‘there is no scientific basis on which to form any calculable probability whatever’. Knight claimed that ‘Uncertainty must be taken in a sense radically distinct from the familiar notion of Risk, from which it has never been properly separated’. Knightian uncertainty exists when people cannot assign probabilities to imaginable outcomes. People might know that a course of action might produce bad outcomes A, B, C, D and E, without knowing much or anything about the probability of each. Contrary to a standard view in economics, Knightian uncertainty is real, and it poses challenging and unresolved issues for decision theory and regulatory practice. It bears on many problems, potentially including those raised by artificial intelligence. It is tempting to seek to eliminate the worst-case scenario, and thus to adopt the maximin rule, which might seem to be the appropriate approach under Knightian uncertainty. But serious problems arise if eliminating the worst-case scenario would (1) impose high risks and costs, (2) eliminate large benefits or potential ‘miracles’ or (3) create uncertain risks.
Strategies to Strengthen Hospital Response for Chemical, Biological, Radiological, and Nuclear Incident: A Multisite Study
Authors: Mackie Benjamin , Weber Sarah , Mitchell Marion , Hammad Karen , Wong Diana F , Crilly Julia , Boyd Matthew , Wullschleger Martin , Ranse Jamie 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Objectives
In responding to a Chemical, Biological, Radiological, and Nuclear explosive (CBRNe) disaster, clinical leaders have important decision-making responsibilities which include implementing hospital disaster protocols or incident command systems, managing staffing, and allocating resources. Despite emergency care clinical leaders’ integral role, there is minimal literature regarding the strategies they may use during CBRNe disasters. The aim of this study was to explore emergency care clinical leaders’ strategies related to managing patients following a CBRNe disaster.

Methods
Focus groups across 5 tertiary hospitals and 1 rural hospital in Queensland, Australia. Thirty-six hospital clinical leaders from the 6 study sites crucial to hospital disaster response participated in 6 focus groups undertaken between February and May 2021 that explored strategies and decision making to optimize patient care following a CBRNe disaster.

Results
Analysis revealed the use of rehearsals, adopting new models of care, enacting current surge management processes, and applying organization lessons were facilitating strategies. Barriers to management were identified, including resource constraints and sites operating over capacity.

Conclusions
Enhanced education and training of clinical leaders, flexible models of care, and existing established processes and tested frameworks could strengthen a hospital’s response when managing patients following a CBRNe disaster.
Managing the Dead with Dignity at Mass Fatality Incidents in Nepal and Globally
Authors: Atreya Alok , Menezes Ritesh G. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Disasters, armed conflicts, and disease outbreaks often overwhelm normal corpse-handling capacities, highlighting the importance of mass fatality management in emergency preparedness and response. This paper examines principles, practices, and challenges of ensuring dignified corpse management after catastrophic events leading to sudden mass fatalities. It draws insights from Nepal’s experience with the 2015 earthquakes, as well as other recent disasters worldwide. The discussion reveals planning and policy gaps that undermine the dignity of the deceased and prolong trauma for survivors. Recommendations are provided for improving global preparedness to accord proper respect to the dead amid immense tragedy. As climate change escalates disasters, all vulnerable nations must enhance their capacities for systematic and empathetic mass fatality management. Even when protocols exist, overwhelmed systems lead to a breakdown in practical implementations, violating cultural norms. By building robust preparedness through strategic plans, training, infrastructure, and international cooperation, we can preserve humanity even amidst utter inhumanity.
Promise and peril: Gender, technology, and the future of work in the legal profession
Authors: Lee Talara , Foley Meraiah , Tapsell Amy , Cooper Rae 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Much has been made about the impact of new technologies on the organisation of work in the professions. However, the gendered effect of technological change has rarely been a focus of investigation, even though these transformations are occurring in a context of persistent and pervasive gendered inequality. This paper aims to address this gap, using the case of the legal profession to understand the gendered impact of technological change. Drawing on insights developed through interviews with 33 senior legal stakeholders, the paper finds that technological change plays out in contradictory ways, offering both promise and peril for gender equality within the legal profession. We identify four key concepts – bifurcation, democratisation, humanisation, and flexibilisation – to elucidate the intricate interplay between technology and gendered legal careers, acknowledging the dual potential that technology holds for advancement and adversity. We argue for proactive measures and strategies to be adopted by legal institutions, professional associations, and employers, to harness the benefits of new technologies while mitigating the very real risks such technologies pose to a more gender-equitable future of work.
Shadowbanned on X: The DSA in Action
Authors: van de Kerkhof Jacob , Goanta Catalina 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Small claim. Regulation 861/2007 (European Small Claims Procedure Regulation). Unfair term in terms of service agreement. Breach of contract through shadowbanning. Infringement on Articles 12 and 17 of Regulation 2022/2065 (Digital Services Act).
Cultural adaptation of an evidence-based intervention to address mental health among youth affected by armed conflict in Colombia: An application of the ADAPT-ITT approach and FRAME-IS reporting protocols
Authors: Pineros-Leano María , Desrosiers Alethea , Piñeros-Leaño Natalia , Moya Andrés , Canizares-Escobar Catalina , Tam Lyann , Betancourt Theresa S. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
In Colombia, over 9 million people have been impacted by armed conflict, creating a significant need for mental health services. This study aimed to culturally adapt and pilot test the Youth Readiness Intervention (YRI), an evidence-based transdiagnostic mental health intervention, for conflict-affected Colombian youth aged 18-28 years.

Methods
The eight phases of the Assessment, Decision, Administration, Production, Topical Experts, Integration, Training, and Testing (ADAPT-ITT) framework were used to culturally adapt the YRI for conflict-affected Colombian youth. The Framework for Reporting Adaptations and Modifications to Evidence-based Implementation Strategies (FRAME-IS) was used to track the adaptations made. Qualitative and quantitative data were gathered and analyzed throughout the adaptation process.

Results
Data from the Assessment phase demonstrated a high need for mental health interventions among conflict-affected youth. The Testing phase revealed significant improvements in emotion regulation and functional impairment, suggesting the YRI is a promising intervention among conflict-affected Colombian youth. Qualitative data confirmed the intervention’s acceptability among youth and mental health providers.

Conclusions
The YRI was successfully adapted for conflict-affected Colombian youth. Future studies using randomized designs are needed to test the effectiveness of the YRI for improving mental health among larger samples of Colombian conflict-affected youth.
The vitamin D receptor TaqI TT genotype is associated with type 1 diabetes in the Black South African population
Authors: Bhola Sureka , Cave Eleanor M. , Prigge Katherine L. , Bhana Sindeep , Crowther Nigel J. , Padoa Carolyn J. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Polymorphisms in the vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene (BsmI (rs1544410), FokI (rs2228570), ApaI (rs7975232), TaqI (rs731236)) and low vitamin D concentrations have previously been associated with type 1 diabetes (T1D). Vitamin D is thought to mediate the switch from a pro-inflammatory Th1 response to an anti-inflammatory Th2 response which is protective against the development of T1D. These associations are inconsistent across studies and population groups. These associations have not been investigated in the South African black population. Thus, this observational, case-control study aims to address this knowledge gap. South African black participants with T1D (cases; n = 182) and healthy controls (n = 151) were genotyped for the four VDR polymorphisms using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Vitamin D levels were measured using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Vitamin D levels were not significantly different between cases and controls (62.8 ± 20.7 vs. 59.5 ± 17.0 nmol/l, respectively; P = 0.122). Higher vitamin D levels were associated with the TaqI TT (P = 0.045) and FokI TT/TC (P = 0.014) genotypes in multivariate analyses. Furthermore, the TaqI TT genotype was associated with T1D status in multivariate analysis (P = 0.040). The FokI CC genotype increases the transcription of CYP24A1, resulting in vitamin D catabolism and thus decreased vitamin D concentration through the action of 24-hydroxlase. The TaqI TT genotype results in increased vitamin D potentially through calcium metabolism feedback pathways. In addition, the TaqI TT genotype is associated with T1D through a vitamin D-independent mechanism and may be in linkage disequilibrium with a true causative variant.