bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A pragmatic effectiveness randomized controlled trial of duration of psychiatric hospitalization in a trans-diagnostic sample of patients with acute mental illness admitted to a ward with either blue depleted evening lighting or normal lighting conditions
Authors: Scott Jan , Langsrud Knut , Vethe Daniel , Kjørstad Kaia , Vestergaard Cecilie Lund , Faaland Patrick , Lydersen Stian , Vaaler Arne , Morken Gunnar , Torgersen Terje , Kallestad Håvard 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Introduction

There is increasing recognition of the need to stabilize sleep-wake cycles in individuals with major mental disorders. As such, clinicians and researchers advocate for the use of interventions targeted at sleep and circadian dysrhythmias as an adjunct to the standard treatments offered for acute illness episodes of a broad range of diagnoses. To determine the trans-diagnostic generalizability of chronotherapy, we explore the benefits of admitting individuals with an acute illness episode to a psychiatric inpatient unit where changes in light exposure are integrated into the therapeutic environment.

Methods

A two-arm pragmatic effectiveness randomized controlled treatment trial, where individuals admitted for acute inpatient psychiatric care will be allocated to a ward with blue depleted evening light or to a ward with the same layout and facilities but lacking the new lighting technology. The trial will test whether the experimental lighting conditions offer any additional benefits beyond those associated with usual treatment in an acute psychiatric inpatient unit. The main objectives are to examine any differences between groups in the mean duration of hospitalization in days. Additional analyses will compare group differences in symptoms, functioning, medication usage, and side-effects and whether length of stay is associated with stability of sleep-wake cycles and circadian rhythms. Ancillary investigations will determine any benefits according to diagnostic subgroups and potential drawbacks such as any adverse effects on the well-being of professionals working across both wards.

Discussion

This unit offers a unique opportunity to explore how exposure to different lighting conditions may modify sleep-wake cycles and how any changes in sleep-wake cycle may impact on the clinical and functional outcomes of individuals experiencing an acute episode of a severe mental disorder that requires inpatient care. The findings could influence the future design of hospital units offering care to patients with mental or physical disorders.

Trial registration

Clinicaltrials.gov NCT03788993, retrospectively registered Dec 28th 2018. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03788993.
Choroidal Structural Changes Correlate with Severity of Diabetic Retinopathy in Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Wang Hui , Tao Yong 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background
This study aims to investigate the choroidal thickness and choroidal vascular density parameters and their correlation with severity of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in diabetes mellitus (DM) patients.
Methods
An observational cross-sectional study was conducted of 104 eyes, which were divided into 4 groups: Healthy controls (n = 38), DM with no DR eyes (n = 22), non-proliferative DR (NPDR) eyes (n = 24), proliferative DR (PDR) eyes (n = 20). Optical coherence tomography (OCT) was performed. The total choroidal area (TCA), stromal area (SA), the luminal areas (LA) and the ratio of the luminal to choroidal area(L/C ratio) were compared. The choroidal parameters were also compared between panretinal photocoagulation (PRP) untreated and PRP-treated DR eyes.
Results
The L/C ratio values was 0.68 ± 0.06 in controls and 0.63 ± 0.04 in DM eyes (P < 0.001). But there were no statistically significant differences in retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness, retinal thickness and subfoveal choroidal thickness (SCT) measurements between the two groups (P = 0.407, P = 0.654 and P = 0.849; respectively). The vessel density values were significantly different in DM with no DR eyes, PRP-untreated NPDR eyes and PRP-untreated PDR eyes (P < 0.001 for SCT, TCA and SA). The L/C ratio in the three groups were significant different (P = 0.019). There was no significant difference in SCT, TCA, LA, SA and the L/C ratio between PRP-untreated and PRP-treated DR eyes.
Conclusion
Eyes of patients with DM showed the L/C ratio decreased compared with normal controls. SCT increased, but the L/C ratio significantly decreased with severity of DR eyes compared with DM eyes and normal. Changes in the L/C ratio may predict DR development before they are otherwise evident clinically. Choroidal blood flow deficit can be an early pathologic change in DR.
Key Words
Diabetic retinopathy; choroidal vascular density parameter; choroid; macular
Efficacy of Heterorhabdits indica LPP35 against Aedes aegypti in domiciliary oviposition sites
Authors: Silva Bruna , Almeida Alexandre M. , Dolinski Claudia , Souza Ricardo M. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Entomopathogenic nematodes have been evaluated for control of mosquito species for decades. Depending on the nematode and mosquito involved, mortality rates of larvae (L) may reach 100% in vitro. Nonetheless, nematode efficacy at oviposition sites has rarely been assessed. Heterorhabditis indica LPP35 has been shown to kill over 75% of Aedes aegypti L3/L4 in cups and bottles outdoors. To assess its efficacy in indoor oviposition sites, different types/sizes of floor drains and pot saucers, and 65 liter water barrels, were infested with L3/L4 and treated with two doses of infective juveniles (IJs). In floor drains, mortality rates varied from 45 to 82%, with better results in the smallest drains. The adjustable dose of 25 IJs/cm2 of the drain’s bottom internal surface gave better results than the fixed dose of 100 IJs/larva. Mortality rates were only 28 to 53% and 0.1 to 1.7% in pot saucers and water barrels, respectively, probably because ridges and grooves that marked the bottom internal surface of these containers hindered the encounter of larvae and IJs.
CONVERGENCIAS Y DESENCUENTROS EN LAS IDEAS DE CULTURA Y VALORES EN DURKHEIM Y EN WEBER
Authors: Palau Valderrama Paloma 
Published: July 2019

En el presente texto señalo algunas convergencias y diferencias fundamentales en las ideas de cultura y valores de los sociólogos clásicos Durkheim y Weber. En primer lugar, expongo las ideas de ambos autores a partir del análisis de su obra y en diálogo con relecturas contemporáneas de los dos clásicos, identificando sus sentidos. Subrayo la relación de las nociones de cultura y valores con otras relevantes en el pensamiento de cada uno, tales como moral, valores ideales y civilización en Durkheim; y significación cultural, ethos y racionalización en Weber. Después, apunto las convergencias y desencuentros en las nociones de cultura y valores. Finalmente, argumento que en las teorizaciones de ambos sociólogos clásicos existe la semilla de una perspectiva para comprender la pluralidad axiológica y las tensiones entre sujeto y sociedad en los contextos multiculturales y globalizados contemporáneos.
Palabras clave: sociología clásica. Durkheim. Weber. Cultura.
L'insécurité linguistique chez les locuteurs du kirundi
Authors: Ntiranyibagira Constantin , Rwamo Alice 
Published: July 2019

Dans cet article, nous analysons, à l’aide de la méthode qualitative et sur base des alternances intranominales et intraverbales, les effets linguistiques et sociolinguistiques de l’insécurité linguistique (en français, en kiswahili, et en anglais) chez les locuteurs du kirundi (langue Bantu synthétique à tons et à quantité vocalique appartenant au Groupe D. 62 de la Zone centrale). Les données ont été recueillies dans les trois communes que compte la ville de Bujumbura, capitale du Burundi (Ntahangwa, Mukaza, Muha). Il s’agit d’un corpus constitué de dix (10) sortes de conversations, enregistrées discrètement auprès des kirundiphones issus des milieux socioprofessionnels différents et variés. Il a été remarqué que la sauvegarde ou la modification partielle des éléments empruntés donnent lieu à une adaptation limitée, une hypoadaptation, et une hyperadaptation. En plus, l’usage des hybrides langagiers en question est forcé ou prestigieux, parfois abusif et/ou erroné.
ESCANEAMENTO DIGITAL E PROTOTIPAGEM 3D PARA CONFECÇÃO DE LAMINADOS CERÂMICOS: RELATO DE CASO CLÍNICO
Authors: Espíndola-Castro Luís Felipe , Ortigoza Leonardo Santiago , Monteiro Gabriela Queiroz de Melo 
Published: July 2019

Lentes de contato dentais podem ser uma excelente opção para correção de cor, forma, tamanho e posicionamento dental. Entretanto é um tratamento que requer várias etapas laboratoriais com riscos de distorções nas etapas de moldagem e vazamento do modelo. Desta forma, desadaptações dos laminados em boca podem ser frequentes. Objetivo: relatar um caso clínico de nove laminados cerâmicos em que foi empregado o escaneamento digital, troquelização virtual e prototipagem do modelo em 3D. Método: paciente do gênero feminino, 59 anos, buscou atendimento odontológico queixando-se de desproporcionalidade dentária ao sorrir. Ao exame clínico foi observada uma inclinação maxilar que causava aquela desarmonia. Foi proposta a confecção de laminados cerâmicos para compensar a discrepância óssea bem como melhorar forma, contorno e cromia dentária. Após planejamento digital, confecção do enceramento diagnóstico, mock up, e aceita do planejamento por parte da paciente, iniciaram-se os preparos dentários. Finalizada esta etapa, os dentes foram escaneados (Trios 3Shape), troquelizados e prototipados em impressora 3D. O modelo foi encaminhado ao laboratório que confeccionou as peças protéticas em dissilicato de lítio de forma injetada e maquiada. Por fim, foram realizadas as provas secas, úmidas, ajustes necessários e cimentação dos laminados com cimento resinoso fotopolimerizável. Conclusão: a tecnologia empregada se mostrou eficiente na resolução do caso, sendo uma técnica rápida, que causou pouco desconforto à paciente e oportunizou uma boa adaptação dos laminados cerâmicos.
A Novel Amino Acid Properties Selection Method for Protein Fold Classification
Authors: Zhang Lichao , Kong Liang 
Published: July 2019

Background:Amino acid physicochemical properties encoded in protein primary structure play a crucial role in protein folding. However, it is not yet clear which of the properties are the most suitable for protein fold classification.Objective:To avoid exhaustively searching the total properties space, an amino acid properties selection method was proposed in this study to rapidly obtain a suitable properties combination for protein fold classification.Method:The proposed amino acid properties selection method was based on sequential floating forward selection strategy. Beginning with an empty set, variable number of features were added iteratively until achieving the iteration termination condition.Results:The experimental results indicate that the proposed method improved prediction accuracies by 0.26-5% on a widely used benchmark dataset with appropriately selected amino acid properties.Conclusion:The proposed properties selection method can be extended to other biomolecule property related classification problems in bioinformatics.
Systematic Investigation of Quercetin for Treating Cardiovascular Disease Based on Network Pharmacology
Authors: Wu Xian-Jun , Zhou Xin-Bin , Chen Chen , Mao Wei 
Published: July 2019

Aim and Objective:
Cardiovascular disease is a serious threat to human health because of its
high mortality and morbidity rates. At present, there is no effective treatment. In Southeast Asia, traditional
Chinese medicine is widely used in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Quercetin is a flavonoid
extract of Ginkgo biloba leaves. Basic experiments and clinical studies have shown that quercetin has a
significant effect on the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. However, its precise mechanism is still
unclear. Therefore, it is necessary to exploit the network pharmacological potential effects of quercetin on
cardiovascular disease.

Materials and Methods:
In the present study, a novel network pharmacology strategy based on
pharmacokinetic filtering, target fishing, Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and
Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis, compound-target-pathway network structured was
performed to explore the anti- cardiovascular disease mechanism of quercetin.

Results::
The outcomes showed that quercetin possesses favorable pharmacokinetic profiles, which have
interactions with 47 cardiovascular disease-related targets and 12 KEGG signaling pathways to provide
potential synergistic therapeutic effects. Following the construction of Compound-Target-Pathway (C-T-P)
network, and the network topological feature calculation, we obtained top 10 core genes in this network
which were AKT1, IL1B, TNF, IL6, JUN, CCL2, FOS, VEGFA, CXCL8, and ICAM1. KEGG pathway
enrichment analysis. These indicated that quercetin produced the therapeutic effects against cardiovascular
disease by systemically and holistically regulating many signaling pathways, including Fluid shear stress
and atherosclerosis, AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications, TNF signaling pathway,
MAPK signaling pathway, IL-17 signaling pathway and PI3K-Akt signaling pathway.
False Negative D Vitamin Measurement in LC-MS/MS Method Due to Hyperlipidemia: Case Report
Authors: Gonel Ataman , Yetisgin Alparslan 
Published: July 2019

Background:
Lipemia can influence laboratory test results by different mechanisms.
Although the liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) is considered the
reference method for 25(OH)D3, some compounds (carbohydrate, lipids, proteins, etc.) in the
blood may cause a false result indicating a negative or positive deviation rate from the correct
blood level of the test.

Case Report:
In this paper, we report a case of D vitamin intoxication due to a false negative result
caused by lipemia. A young woman with a complaint of pain in multiple joints applied to the
physical therapy clinic and was found to have some cystic bone lesions. She was eventually
diagnosed with DM tip 1, familial hyperlipidemia, and nephrolithiasis. Although she had D vitamin
replacement therapy, low levels of blood 25(OH)D3 concentration, measured by an LC-MS/MS
device, were detected. After blood dilution, a high level of 25(OH)D3 and blood intoxication due
to lipid interference were indicated.

Conclusion:
From this case, we can conclude that analytical errors caused by the ingredients of a
blood sample may lead to unnecessary treatment and intoxication. While evaluating the blood
25(OH)D3 levels, clinicians should guard against false-negative results due to interference in
patients with familial hyperlipidemia.
BRAF Status in Papillary Microcarcinomas of the Thyroid Gland: a Brief Review
Authors: Ieni Antonio , Vita Roberto , Cardia Roberta , Giuffré Giuseppe , Benvenga Salvatore , Tuccari Giovanni 
Published: July 2019

:
Papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) is defined by the World Health
Organization as papillary cancer measuring 10 mm or less in diameter. Generally,
PTMC shows an indolent clinical behavior with a good prognosis, although a minority of
PTMC is characterized by an aggressive course. However, efforts to identify this
aggressive subset of PTMC after surgery remain inconclusive.

:
Several oncogenic pathways have been identified in thyroid cancer and have been
applied translationally to improve prognosis and clinical management. In particular, the
BRAFV600E mutation was found more frequently in large, aggressive, recurrent and
advanced tumors.

:
We aimed at reviewing studies on BRAFV600E mutation as a prognostic factor in PTMC.
Synthetic Dihydropyridines as Novel Antiacanthamoebic Agents
Authors: Anwar Ayaz , Siddiqui Ruqaiyyah , Hameed Abdul , Shah Muhammad R. , Khan Naveed A. 
Published: July 2019

Background:
Acanthamoeba is an opportunistic pathogen widely spread in the environment.
Acanthamoeba causes excruciating keratitis which can lead to blindness. The lack of effective
drugs and its ability to form highly resistant cyst are one of the foremost limitations against
successful prognosis. Current treatment involves mixture of drugs at high doses but still recurrence
of infection can occur due to ineffectiveness of drugs against the cyst form. Pyridine and its natural
and synthetic derivatives are potential chemotherapeutic agents due to their diverse biological activities.

Objective:
To study the antiamoebic effects of four novel synthetic dihydropyridine (DHP) compounds
against Acanthamoeba castellanii belonging to the T4 genotype. Furthermore, to evaluate
their activity against amoeba-mediated host cells cytopathogenicity as well as their cytotoxicity
against human cells.

Methods:
Dihydropyridines were synthesized by cyclic dimerization of alkylidene malononitrile
derivatives. Four analogues of functionally diverse DHPs were tested against Acanthamoeba
castellanii by using amoebicidal, encystation and excystation assays. Moreover, Lactate dehydrogenase
assays were carried out to study cytopathogenicity and cytotoxicity against human cells.

Results:
These compounds showed significant amoebicidal and cysticidal effects at 50 μM concentration,
whereas, two of the DHP derivatives also significantly reduced Acanthamoebamediated
host cell cytotoxicity. Moreover, these DHPs were found to have low cytotoxicity
against human cells suggesting a good safety profile.

Conclusion:
The results suggest that DHPs have potential against Acanthamoeba especially
against the more resistant cyst stage and can be assessed further for drug development.
Structure-Based Design, Synthesis, Biological Evaluation and Molecular Docking Study of 4-Hydroxy-N'-methylenebenzohydrazide Derivatives Acting as Tyrosinase Inhibitors with Potentiate Anti-Melanogenesis Activities
Authors: Iraji Aida , Khoshneviszadeh Mahsima , Bakhshizadeh Pegah , Edraki Najmeh , Khoshneviszadeh Mehdi 
Published: July 2019

Background:
Melanogenesis is a process of melanin synthesis, which is a primary response
for the pigmentation of human skin. Tyrosinase is a key enzyme, which catalyzes a ratelimiting
step of the melanin formation. Natural products have shown potent inhibitors, but some of
these possess toxicity. Numerous synthetic inhibitors have been developed in recent years may
lead to the potent anti– tyrosinase agents.

Objective:
A number of 4-hydroxy-N'-methylenebenzohydrazide analogues with related structure
to chalcone and tyrosine were constructed with various substituents at the benzyl ring of the molecule
and evaluate as a tyrosinase inhibitor. In addition, computational analysis and metal chelating
potential have been evaluated.

Methods:
Design and synthesized compounds were evaluated for activity against mushroom tyrosinase.
The metal chelating capacity of the potent compound was examined using the mole ratio
method. Molecular docking of the synthesized compounds was carried out into the tyrosine active
site.

Results:
Novel 4-hydroxy-N'-methylenebenzohydrazide derivatives were synthesized. The two
compounds 4c and 4g showed an IC50 near the positive control, led to a drastic inhibition of tyrosinase.
Confirming in vitro results were performed via the molecular docking analysis demonstrating
hydrogen bound interactions of potent compounds with histatidine-Cu+2 residues with in
the active site. Kinetic study of compound 4g showed competitive inhibition towards tyrosinase.
Metal chelating assay indicates the mole fraction of 1:2 stoichiometry of the 4g-Cu2+ complex.

Conclusion:
The findings in the present study demonstrate that 4-Hydroxy-N'-
methylenebenzohydrazide scaffold could be regarded as a bioactive core inhibitor of tyrosinase
and can be used as an inspiration for further studies in this area.
Quality by Design Approach for Development and Characterisation of Solid Lipid Nanoparticles of Quetiapine Fumarate
Authors: Agarwal Shweta , Murthy Rayasa S. Ramachandra , Harikumar Sasidharan Leelakumari , Garg Rajeev 
Published: July 2019

Background:Quetiapine fumarate, a 2nd generation anti-psychotic drug has oral bioavailability of 9% because of hepatic first pass metabolism. Reports suggest that co-administration of drugs with lipids affects their absorption pathways, enhances lymphatic transport thus bypassing hepatic first-pass metabolism resulting in enhanced bioavailability.Objective:The present work aimed at developing, and characterising potentially lymphatic absorbable Solid Lipid Nanoparticles (SLN) of quetiapine fumarate by Quality by Design approach.Method:Hot emulsification followed by ultrasonication was used as a method of preparation. Precirol ATO5, Phospholipon 90G and Poloxamer 188 were used as a lipid, stabilizer and surfactant respectively. A32 Central Composite design optimised the 2 independent variables, lipid concentration and stabilizer concentration and assessed their effect on percent Entrapment Efficiency (%EE: Y1). The lyophilized SLNs were studied for stability at 5 ±3οC and 25 ± 2οC/60 ± 5% RH for 3 months.Results:The optimised formula derived for SLN had 270mg Precirol ATO5 and 107mg of Phospholipon 90G giving %EE of 76.53%. Mean particle size was 159.8nm with polydispersity index 0.273 and zeta potential -6.6mV. In-vitro drug release followed Korsmeyer-Peppas kinetics (R2=0.917) with release exponent n=0.722 indicating non-Fickian diffusion. Transmission electron microscopy images exhibited particles to be spherical and smooth. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray diffraction studies ascertained drug-excipient compatibility. Stability studies suggested 5οC as appropriate temperature for storage and preserving important characteristics within acceptable limits.Conclusion:Development and optimisation by Quality by Design were justified as it yielded SLN having acceptable characteristics and potential application for intestinal lymphatic transport.
Identification of Lysine Carboxylation Sites in Proteins by Integrating Statistical Moments and Position Relative Features via General PseAAC
Authors: Amanat Saba , Ashraf Adeel , Hussain Waqar , Rasool Nouman , Khan Yaser D. 
Published: July 2019

Background:Carboxylation is one of the most biologically important post-translational modifications and occurs on lysine, arginine, and glutamine residues of a protein. Among all these three, the covalent attachment of the carboxyl group with the lysine side chain is the most frequent and biologically important type of carboxylation. For studying such biological functions, it is essential to correctly determine the lysine sites sensitive to carboxylation.Objective:Herein, we present a computational model for the prediction of the carboxylysine site which is based on machine learning.Methods:Various position and composition relative features have been incorporated into the Pse- AAC for construction of feature vectors and a neural network is employed as a classifier. The model is validated by jackknife, cross-validation, self-consistency, and independent testing.Results:The results of the self-consistency test elaborated that model has 99.76% Acc, 99.76% Sp, 99.76% Sp, and 0.99 MCC. Using the jackknife method, prediction model validation gave 97.07% Acc, while for 10-fold cross-validation, prediction model validation gave 95.16% Acc.Conclusion:The results of independent dataset testing were 94.3% which illustrated that the proposed model has better performance as compared to the existing model PreLysCar; however, the accuracy can be improved further, in the future, due to the increasing number of carboxylysine sites in proteins.