bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
aCCI‐HBV‐ACLF: A Novel Predictive Model for Hepatitis B Virus‐Related Acute‐On‐Chronic Liver Failure
Authors: Chen Xinyi , Gao Feiqiong , Pan Qiaoling , Huang Chenjie , Luo Rui , Lu Xiaoqing , Chen Xiaoxiao , Li Tan , Huang Haijun , Wu Jian , Yu Jiong , Li Lanjuan , Cao Hongcui 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundEarly identification of hepatitis B virus‐related acute‐on‐chronic liver failure (HBV‐ACLF) holds crucial importance in guiding clinical management and reducing mortality. However, existing scoring systems often overlook patient's underlying clinical condition, which significantly impacts prognosis.AimsUse the age‐adjusted Charlson comorbidity index (aCCI) to evaluate the patient's complications to develop a more precise model for predicting transplant‐free mortality in HBV‐ACLF patients.MethodsNine hundred and six patients were included for investigation and were segregated into a training cohort and a temporal validation cohort according to the chronological order of admission in a ratio of 7:3. In the training cohort, univariate analysis, logistic regression analysis and LASSO regression analysis were used to construct a prognostic model and it was subsequently validated in a temporal validation cohort and an external validation cohort.ResultsWe found total bilirubin, neutrophils, international normalised ratio and aCCI exhibited significant associations with 28‐day transplant‐free mortality and established a novel prognostic model, named aCCI‐HBV‐ACLF. The model demonstrated strong predictive performance, with area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) values of 0.859 for 28‐day mortality, 0.822 for 90‐day mortality. In the temporal validation cohort, aCCI‐HBV‐ACLF achieved area under the ROC values of 0.869 for 28‐day mortality and 0.850 for 90‐day mortality. In the external validation cohort, aCCI‐HBV‐ACLF had area under the ROC values of 0.868 for 28‐day mortality and 0.888 for 90‐day mortality.ConclusionsThis study proposes a new prognostic model, which achieved excellent predictive ability for 28−/90‐day transplant‐free mortality rates among patients with HBV‐ACLF.
Evidence of renal tubular injury in canine patients after elective desexing
Authors: Male Francesca G , Quinn Christopher T 
Published: October 2024

ObjectiveTo investigate the frequency of perioperative acute kidney injury (AKI) in American Society of Anesthesiologists (SA) Grade I canine patients undergoing elective desexing using urine microscopy techniques and assess if pre‐ and intraoperative factors affect risk of developing AKI.DesignProspective observational clinical study conducted between September 2020 and October 2020.SettingUniversity teaching hospital.AnimalsThirty‐two female and four male dogs between 5 months and 5 years of age classified as ASA I undergoing elective desexing surgery.MethodsUrinalysis was performed preoperatively and 20–24 h postoperatively to identify markers of renal tubular injury (RTI), particularly the presence of granular and renal tubular epithelial cell (RTEC) casts on sediment analysis. Dogs underwent a full physical examination and a preoperative assessment including measurement of urine specific gravity (USG), packed cell volume (PCV), total plasma protein and serum creatinine (sCr) was conducted as a part of the desexing programme. Anaesthetic records were examined for any evidence of intraoperative hypotension, defined as a mean arterial pressure (MAP) of <60 mmHg for any duration of time. MAP was measured using an indirect oscillometric technique. For analysis, animals were subdivided into affected and nonaffected groups, with affected animals those that had postoperative increases in granular and RTEC casts. Categorical and comparative analyses were then performed between groups to identify associations of increased casts with pre‐, intra‐ and postoperative variables.ResultsA frequency of RTI of 5.6% was identified. This was accompanied by a significant association between increases in casts with total duration (p = 0.027) and number (p = 0.016) of hypotensive episodes.ConclusionsRTI is an anaesthetic consideration in ASA I veterinary patients undergoing elective desexing surgery. The identification of an association between the total duration and number of hypotensive episodes and the frequency of RTI highlights the importance of early detection of hypotension along with prompt and effective intervention in veterinary patients.
Attrition in a large‐scale habituation task administered at home
Authors: Seitz Maximilian , Möwisch Dave , Attig Manja 
Published: October 2024

AbstractInfant research often struggles with selective samples, especially when focusing on behavioural measures, such as those drawn from habituation tasks. However, selectivity may threaten the generalizability and interpretation of results, which is why the current study investigates attrition in a habituation task administered in a household setting in 7‐month‐old infants. We used a large‐scale German dataset, focusing on the children's socioeconomic background, and investigated two aspects of attrition, namely, participation and task completion. The findings suggest significant effects of the children's socioeconomic background on attrition: Maternal education, parental occupation, household income and household language (German vs. other) were positively related to participation and task completion. The analyses indicate that multiple barriers may prevent parents from lower socioeconomic backgrounds from letting their children participate. The study concludes with a critical discussion of possible mechanisms of selectivity in behavioural measures as well as the household setting, in which the data were collected.
Do help options facilitate computer‐based L2 listening comprehension? Evidence from an activity theory perspective
Authors: Li Rui 
Published: October 2024

AbstractDespite the proliferation of help options for computer‐based second language (L2) listening comprehension, little attention has been given to a comprehensive understanding of the pedagogical effects. To gain a thorough understanding of the overall and moderator effects, drawing on the activity theory (AT), this study conducted a meta‐analysis of 33 valid independent studies on help options for computer‐based L2 listening comprehension with 3697 participants involved. Results demonstrated that (a) compared with those traditional methods, help options are found to be more facilitative for L2 listening comprehension with a small‐to‐moderate effect of g = 0.449, 95% CI [0.303, 0.596]; and (b) the effects of help options for computer‐based L2 listening comprehension are moderated by option types, feedback types, language distance types, intervention durations and learning activity types. Motivated by the results obtained, this study also discussed pedagogical implications for future studies.
Practitioner notesWhat is already known about this topic

The improved pedagogical effects of help options for computer‐based second language (L2) listening comprehension have been well‐documented.
A large number of studies on the use of help options for computer‐based L2 listening comprehension have been published.
There has been no research aggregating the overall effects of help options for computer‐based L2 listening comprehension.
Some potential factors that may moderate the effects of help options for computer‐based L2 listening comprehension remain underexplored.
What this paper adds

This paper aims to aggregate the overall and moderator effects from the existing publications of help options for computer‐based L2 listening comprehension.
Compared with those traditional methods, help options are found to be more facilitative for L2 listening comprehension with a small‐to‐moderate effect of g = 0.449.
The effects of help options for computer‐based L2 listening are moderated by option types, feedback types, language distance types, intervention durations and learning activity types.
Implications for practice and/or policy

Help options have been confirmed to facilitate computer‐based L2 listening comprehension, especially among learners of primary and secondary levels.
Call for more empirical studies investigating how different types of options, feedback, language distance and intervention durations along with learning activity moderate the effectiveness.
Further attempts should investigate help options for computer‐based L2 listening comprehension with the integration of generative AI, large language model (LLM) and natural language processing (NLP) techniques.
Inter‐brain synchrony is associated with greater shared identity within naturalistic conversational pairs
Authors: Hinvest Neal S. , Ashwin Chris , Hijazy Muhammad , Carter Felix , Scarampi Chiara , Stothart George , Smith Laura G. E. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractInter‐brain synchrony occurs between individuals who feel connected socially, but how synchrony relates to felt connectedness under naturalistic social interaction has remained enigmatic. We hypothesized that inter‐brain synchrony between naturally interacting individuals might be associated with the internalization of a social identity, a link between an individual's personal identity and the social group to which the individual belongs. A convenience sample of sixty participants were split into dyads and interacted naturalistically on a social task. Through mapping EEG oscillatory waveforms onto a conceptual model categorizing the formation of a social identity within a naturalistic conversation, greater inter‐brain synchrony was observed in the emergent stage within the formation of a social identity compared to earlier stages, where a social identity was not present. We provide evidence for greater neural synchrony related to higher socio‐psychological connectedness during the development of social identity under naturalistic social interaction.
Insurance remains a major source of disparity for patients with testicular cancer: call for advocacy
Authors: Starr Savannah , Zhang Jj , Lin Lin , Shen Jolie , Gamalong Giovanni , Litwin Mark S. , Drakaki Alexandra , Chamie Karim 
Published: October 2024

ObjectiveTo evaluate the effects of socioeconomic factors, including insurance status, on treatment and survival for patients with testicular cancer.Patients and MethodsWe extracted a retrospective cohort from the National Cancer Database that included patients diagnosed with testicular cancer 2004–2020. Competing‐risks and Cox regression multivariate models including demographic, pathological, and socioeconomic covariates were constructed to evaluate receipt of treatment and death, respectively.ResultsA total of 95 955 patients with testicular cancer were identified. Compared with private insurance, Medicaid (sub‐distribution hazard ratio [SHR] 0.70, P < 0.001), Medicare (SHR 0.73, P < 0.001), and uninsured (SHR 0.72, P < 0.001) patients were associated with decreased likelihood of receiving chemotherapy. Compared with private insurance, Medicaid (SHR 0.55, P < 0.001), Medicare (SHR 0.76, P‐value <0.001), uninsured (SHR 0.63, P‐value < 0.001), and other government insurance (SHR 0.71, P = 0.010) was associated with decreased likelihood of receiving radiation. Medicaid insurance status (reference private, HR 2.60, P < 0.001) conferred the second largest hazard of death, behind having Stage III disease (reference Stage 0). Compared with private insurance, Medicare (HR 2.20, P < 0.001), no insurance (HR 2.32, P < 0.001), and other government insurance (HR 1.53, P = 0.027) statuses had higher risk of death. Patients diagnosed in Medicaid‐expansion states had lower all‐cause mortality (11.4% vs 13.6%, P < 0.001).ConclusionsTesticular cancer care relies on early diagnosis and treatment. It is critically important to have a healthcare system where individuals have access to insurance and are served equitably.
The Dopamine Transporter Is a New Target for Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Cheng Yan‐Qiong , Zhang Ruo‐Xi , Li Xing‐Yuan , Zhou Xiao‐Ting , Chen Ming , Liu Ai‐Jun 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTAimsDopamine transporter (DAT) can regulate DA homeostasis and has been implicated in many nervous system diseases. Whether DAT is involved in the protection against ischemic stroke is unclear.MethodsIn vivo microdialysis measurements of DA were recorded in the ischemic penumbral area of mice with middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). DAT coding gene, Slc6a3 mutation, and DAT overexpression animals were performed MCAO. Madopar (compound formulation of levodopa) and nomifensine (DA reuptake inhibitor) were administered in MCAO animals. Brain slices were prepared in Slc6a3 mutation or wild‐type (WT) animals with MCAO to record miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents (mEPSCs) and miniature inhibitory postsynaptic currents (mIPSCs). The effects of DA and its dopamine‐1 receptor (D1R) antagonists (SCH‐23390) on mEPSCs, mIPSCs, and neurons protection were recorded.ResultsMCAO caused a prominent increase in DA. Slc6a3 mutation significantly attenuated the ischemic injury, whereas DAT overexpression aggravated this injury. Both nomifensine and madopar protected against brain injury. Slc6a3 mutation and DA restored the disturbance of mEPSCs and mIPSC, and protected against neuron death, which was abolished by SCH‐23390.ConclusionDAT inhibition might be explored as a strategy for ischemic stroke prevention. DA and D1R involve in the restoration of synaptic dysfunction and neuron protection.
Neural Influences on Tumor Progression Within the Central Nervous System
Authors: Lv Wenhao , Wang Yongjie 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTFor decades, researchers have studied how brain tumors, the immune system, and drugs interact. With the advances in cancer neuroscience, which centers on defining and therapeutically targeting nervous system‐cancer interactions, both within the local tumor microenvironment (TME) and on a systemic level, the subtle relationship between neurons and tumors in the central nervous system (CNS) has been deeply studied. Neurons, as the executors of brain functional activities, have been shown to significantly influence the emergence and development of brain tumors, including both primary and metastatic tumors. They engage with tumor cells via chemical or electrical synapses, directly regulating tumors or via intricate coupling networks, and also contribute to the TME through paracrine signaling, secreting proteins that exert regulatory effects. For instance, in a study involving a mouse model of glioblastoma, the authors observed a 42% increase in tumor volume when neuronal activity was stimulated, compared to controls (p < 0.01), indicating a direct correlation between neural activity and tumor growth. These thought‐provoking results offer promising new strategies for brain tumor therapies, highlighting the potential of neuronal modulation to curb tumor progression. Future strategies may focus on developing drugs to inhibit or neutralize proteins and other bioactive substances secreted by neurons, break synaptic connections and interactions between infiltrating cells and tumor cells, as well as disrupt electrical coupling within glioma cell networks. By harnessing the insights gained from this research, we aspire to usher in a new era of brain tumor therapies that are both more potent and precise.
Association of Intraoperative Hypotension With Delayed Graft Function Following Kidney Transplant: A Single Centre Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Sicova Marc , McGinn Ryan , Emerson Sophia , Perez Paula , Gonzalez Roberto , Li Yanhong , Famure Olusegum , Randall Ian , Mina Daniel Santa , Santema Michael , Wijeysundera Duminda N. , Van Klei Wilton , Kim S. Joseph , McCluskey Stuart A. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundIntraoperative hypotension is associated with acute kidney injury after surgery. However, the definition (duration and magnitude) of hypotension during kidney transplantation (KT) surgery on early graft function remains unclear.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study of KT recipients from December 1, 2009, to December 31, 2019. Exposure to intraoperative hypotension was characterized as the duration (minutes) of mean arterial pressure (MAP) <55, <65, <75, and <85 mmHg. Our co‐primary outcomes were DGF‐creatinine reduction ratio (DGF‐CRR, <30% creatinine reduction, postoperative days 1 and 2), and DGF‐dialysis (DGF‐D, required dialysis within the week of KT for deceased donor recipients). Logistic regression models were fitted to assess this relationship between MAP and DGF.ResultsWe included 1602 KT (939 deceased donors, 663 living donors) and 23 were excluded. DGF‐CRR occurred in 33% of patients. DGF‐CRR was associated with MAP < 65 (>5 min: OR 1.77, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.39–2.30; 6–10 min: OR 1.67, 95% CI: 0.97–2.86; 11–20 min: OR 2.18, 95% CI: 1.31–3.63) in unadjusted and <55 mmHg (5 min: OR 1.85, 95% CI: 1.47–2.32; 5–10 min: OR 2.41, 95% CI: 1.65–3.53; 11–20 min: OR 2.36, 95% CI: 1.60, 3.48) in adjusted models. There was also a signal for increased risk of DGF‐CRR at MAP < 75 (>5 min: OR 1.69, 95% CI: 1.02–2.80). DGF‐D (incidence 35%) in deceased donor KT was not associated with hypotension.ConclusionsWe found an association between intraoperative hypotension and DGF‐CRR at a threshold MAP of 55 mmHg, with a consistent signal toward increased risk at both 65 and 75 mmHg, as indicated by unadjusted models.
Lack of oral involvement in a large cohort of women with vulvar lichen sclerosus – a multicenter prospective study
Authors: Corazza Monica , Salvini Camilla , Gaspari Valeria , Simonetti Oriana , Schettini Natale , de Magnis Angelina , Rapparini Luca , Rizzetto Giulio , Misciali Cosimo , Marzola Elisa , Borghi Alessandro 
Published: October 2024

SummaryBackground and Objectives: We assessed the prevalence of oral lichen sclerosus in a cohort of women affected with vulvar lichen sclerosus (VLS).Patients and Methods: This prospective, observational study included adult female patients with a histologically proven VLS who attended the Vulva Clinics of three Dermatology Units from January 2020 to July 2023. During this period, all VLS patients were asked to be examined in their oral cavities in order to detect any possible sign of oral diseases, which were then biopsied.Results: Three hundred women (mean age 64.5 ± 13.0 years) were included, of whom 21 (7%) had a concurrent extragenital LS. In six (2%) patients, white, non‐removable lesions were found at oral inspection and biopsied. All cases were histologically lichen planus. No other clinically relevant oral lesions were found. The six women with histologically proven oral lichen planus had more frequent periodontal and autoimmune diseases than the other included subjects.Conclusions: Our findings confirm the absolute rarity of oral involvement in patients with VLS. They suggest that the oral mucosa, unlike the genitals, is a setting which weakly leads to development of LS, also in predisposed subjects.
Lessons from long‐term research: Diptera species turnover and dominance shifts with respect to climate‐driven changes
Authors: Radošević Marta , Perović Marija , Dorić Valentina , Pozojević Ivana , Baranov Viktor , Kvifte Gunnar Mikalsen , Kolcsár Levente‐Péter , Rumišek Mario , Pont Adrian C. , Ivković Marija 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The diverse pressures of climate change have influenced many habitats, especially freshwater ones, due to their greater sensitivity to stressors. Aquatic Diptera make up more than 50% off all aquatic insect species described, which makes them an ideal group to monitor changing climate as their diverse assemblages can reflect functions within the entire community.
The aim of this research was to identify variations in the aquatic dipteran community during a 15‐year period at a tufa barrier in a karst barrage lake system and to determine the environmental factors that have the highest influence on this community. We analysed monthly data collected between 2007 and 2021, when we collected adult specimens using 6 pyramid‐type emergence traps.
In total, 167 taxa from 13 different families were gathered. NMDS based on Bray–Curtis similarity analysis amongst assemblages revealed the segregation of samples based on different current velocities and substrates, indicating the importance of microhabitats in dipteran community structuring.
Dipteran taxa indicative of specific 5‐year time periods within the research were identified and were associated with changes in environmental conditions especially discharge. The threshold indicator taxa analysis revealed specific species' responses to changing discharge rates.
The study shows that discharge rate, not water temperature, is the critical factor shaping dipteran composition, whether by removing or adding taxa to the community. Species turnover showed an overall decrease in species numbers, that is, species richness, throughout the research period.
We conclude that changes in the dipteran community, because of the vast functional traits, niches, adaptations and species diversity of the group, are not visible when analysing just the diversity indices. When determining environmental influence on the community in long‐term research, they should be combined with other data such as the overall abundance, the total number of species, as well as the species turnover.
Central nervous system crystal‐storing histiocytosis: A case report and literature review
Authors: Nathoo Nabeela , Larson Daniel P. , Guo Yong , Giannini Caterina , Lucchinetti Claudia F. , Micallef Ivana N. , Rech Karen L. , Jevremovic Dragan , Lachance Daniel H. , Abeykoon Jithma P. , Go Ronald S. , Tobin W. Oliver 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundCrystal‐storing histiocytosis (CSH) is a rare form of histiocytosis with intralysosomal accumulations of immunoglobulins or paraproteins that aggregate as crystals. Central nervous system (CNS) involvement of CSH is uncommon but should be considered in cases of persistent parenchymal enhancement on neuroimaging.MethodsWe describe one local case of CNS CSH and 10 additional cases identified by literature review.ResultsAmong 11 CSH patients, lesions involved either the dura (2/11) or brain parenchyma (9/11). Two cases had leptomeningeal enhancement. One case had spinal cord involvement. Two cases were associated with marginal zone lymphoma; one case was associated with an immunoglobulin A‐plasma cell dyscrasia. Eight of 11 cases had outcome data available: 7/8 cases had clinical and/or radiological improvement and 1/8 had radiological stability.ConclusionsCentral nervous system involvement of CSH is rare. Potential cases should be comprehensively evaluated for lymphoma or myeloma with positron emission tomography/computed tomography (CT) of the body or alternatively, CT of the chest, abdomen, pelvis and nuclear bone scan, bone marrow biopsy, serum protein electrophoresis, and cerebrospinal fluid protein electrophoresis. Treatment is targeted toward the underlying malignancy.