bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Rhinoplasty Outcomes with FACE-Q Rhinoplasty Module: Norwegian Linguistic Validation and Clinical Application in 243 Patients
Authors: Kalaaji Amin , Dreyer Stine , Schnegg Jakob , Sanosyan Lena , Radovic Tatjana , Maric Ivana 
Published: October 2019

Background:
Patient satisfaction after rhinoplasty is a growing area of research. The FACE-Q Rhinoplasty Module, used to assess these values, requires translation to national languages.

Methods:
Fourteen questions assessing the Satisfaction with Nose Scale and Adverse Effects Checklist of FACE-Q Rhinoplasty Module were translated to Norwegian with adherence to the Mapi Research Trust guidelines. Answers were processed by QuestBack anonymously. Of the 243 patients undergoing rhinoplasty at Oslo Plastic Surgery Clinic, 214 patients were reachable by e-mail.

Results:
Response rates to the pre- and postoperative questionnaire were 23% and 32%, respectively. Responses for somewhat or very satisfied with the nose (pre- versus postoperative) were: overall size of the nose (16.3% versus 61.7%); how straight the nose looks (22.4% versus. 58.3%); how well the nose suits the face (12.2% versus 60%); length of the nose (20.4% versus 68.4%); width of the nose at the bottom (26.6% versus 55%); bridge of the nose (14.3% versus 55%); how the nose looks in photographs (10.2% versus 50%), and tip of the nose (16.3% versus 48.3%). Adverse effects (pre- versus postoperative) were moderate or extreme difficulty breathing through the nose (28.6% versus 35%); tenderness (6.1% versus 23.7%); skin of the nose looking thick or swollen (14.6% versus 30.5%); and unnatural bumps or hollows on the nose (55.1% versus 53.3%).

Conclusions:
Satisfaction levels in rhinoplasty patients are not as high as in other cosmetic surgery procedures, such as breast augmentation. However, compared with baseline, satisfaction levels showed great improvement postoperatively. The Rhinoplasty Module seems useful in evaluating outcome of rhinoplasty. We encourage application of this clinical outcome of rhinoplasty in and among centers.
Scanning Electron Microscopic Features of the Canalicular Entrance Into the Lacrimal Sac
Authors: Ali Mohammad Javed 
Published: October 2019

Detailed anatomical features of the common canalicular opening into the lacrimal sac can help our understanding of the focal anatomy and tear rheology.

Purpose:
The aim of this study was to examine the ultrastructural features of the canalicular entrance into the lacrimal sac.

Methods:
Ten openings of the common canaliculus into the lacrimal sac from 10 lacrimal sacs obtained during a dacryocystectomy were studied. Each of the openings were completely excised with 3–4 mm margins on all sides and transported to the laboratory in 2.5% glutaraldehyde. The analysis was performed using the standard protocols of scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The openings, their edges, canalicular lacrimal sac-mucosal folds, and internal surfaces were studied.

Results:
Of the 10 common canalicular openings studied, the upper and lower canaliculi opened into a common canaliculus in all the cases. The terminal portion of the 2 canaliculi had a common wall, which appeared like a septum, just proximal to the beginning of the dilated common canalicular portion. In 60% (6/10) of the cases, a diverticular or a type III sinus of Maier (SOM) was noted. The surface of this diverticulum was smooth and lined by stratified columnar epithelium, reflecting its lacrimal sac origins. Interestingly, the junction of the epithelial change from stratified squamous to columnar could be appreciated clearly in 80% (8/10) of the cases and was mostly located just within from the edge of the internal common opening (ICO). The canalicular lacrimal sac-mucosal folds could be appreciated in 70% (7/10) samples, being very defined and prominent in 30% (3/10).

Conclusions:
The common merged wall of the 2 canaliculus is the most proximal and prominent structure noted on an end-on view of the ICO. Diverticular variant of the sinus of Maier is common. The junction of the epithelial change from stratified squamous to columnar is appreciated just within the edge of the ICO.
Blepharoptosis and Cholesterol-Lowering Medications: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Lam Aimee N. , Thayer Jessica N. , Rahman Effie Z. , Martinez Andre N. , Fry Constance L. 
Published: October 2019

Anticholesterol medication may induce or exacerbate myogenic ptosis in some individuals

Purpose:
To investigate the prevalence and frequency of patients with blepharoptosis who take anticholesterol therapies. To our knowledge, this is the first large single-center series to evaluate this association.

Methods:
A retrospective chart review of adult patients presenting with ptosis on concomitant anticholesterol medications.

Results:
Two hundred ninety-three adult patients with ptosis taking anticholesterol therapy were identified from October 2011 to October 2016. Forty-seven patients (16.0%) reported muscle weakness. Laboratory markers including creatine kinase (CK) and myoglobin levels were obtained. Of the 47 patients, 13 patients (4.4%) were identified to have ptosis and laboratory confirmed anticholesterol therapy-induced myopathy. Two additional patients with statin-induced myositis and rhabdomyolysis were identified from the period 2008–2011. All patients had measurably elevated CK and/or myoglobin levels. All patients experienced improvement in ptosis or systemic symptoms after discontinuation or changing medications. Nine patients (60%) demonstrated statistically significant improvement in the ptosis.

Conclusions:
Many patients with involutional ptosis also have both cardiovascular disease and hyperlipidemia and thus take cholesterol-lowering medication. Our study demonstrates a World Health Organization-defined probable association between ptosis and anticholesterol-induced myopathy. The frequency of anticholesterol-induced myopathy in adult ptosis was 4.4%, which is substantially higher than previously predicted. Anticholesterol-induced myositis can cause a reversible ptosis, and thus, a thorough evaluation of adult patients presenting with involutional ptosis includes inquiry into the use of anticholesterol drugs and associated muscle weakness.
The Heart Failure Clinic: Improving 30-Day All-Cause Hospital Readmissions
Authors: Taklalsingh Nicholas , Wengrofsky Perry , Levitt Howard 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACT
Heart failure–related recurrent hospitalizations are widely recognized as a source of burden to both patients and the health system. Hospital discharges represent a transition of care and can often become a catalyst for readmission. One strategy in reducing this burden is the implementation of dedicated heart failure clinics. We conducted a retrospective review of all patients discharged from an inner city safety-net public hospital with a discharge diagnosis of heart failure. Patients followed in the Heart Clinic (HC) were compared to those with standard follow-up. All included cases were followed for 30 days after discharge to determine whether an all-cause readmission occurred. There were 258 patient discharges with an overall sicker population in the HC cohort. The HC group had a better event-free survival with a 67.1% reduction in readmission (log rank *p < .05). In concluding, a dedicated heart failure clinic reduced 30-day readmissions for patients who were discharged after having an acute exacerbation of heart failure.
An Algorithm to Calculate Socket Volume Changes of Adjustable Sockets for Transtibial Prosthesis Users
Authors: Vamos Andrew C. , Gurrey Clement J. , Cagle John C. , Brzostowski Jacob T. , McLean Jake B. , Sanders Joan E. 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACT

Introduction
The objective of this effort was to develop and evaluate an algorithm that used socket and panel dimensions and cable length measurements to quantify socket volume changes of cabled-panel, adjustable socket systems.

Methods
Adjustable sockets were fabricated for three participants with transtibial amputation. An apparatus was constructed to measure socket volume under controlled cable length changes using the water displacement method. Socket volume calculations from the algorithm were compared with results from water displacement testing.

Results
For the three sockets tested, the algorithm predicted minimum socket volumes that ranged from −7.1% to −6.1% less than the neutral volume (flush panels) and maximum volumes that ranged from +1.7% to +3.6% more than the neutral volume. Root mean square error between model and experimental results for socket volumes less than the neutral volume ranged from 0.3% to 0.5% socket volume.

Conclusions
If the algorithm was incorporated into adjustable socket mechanisms and measured users' socket size adjustments, the data may help practitioners identify relationships between patients' clinical status and their socket volume adjustments. Data may also be useful toward the design and operation of automatically adjusting cabled-panel sockets.
Hyponatremia is associated with poor prognosis among patients with chest pain discharged from internal medicine wards following acute coronary syndrome-rule-out
Authors: Topaz Guy , Pereg David , Gur Efrat , Kitay-Cohen Yona , Ben-Zvi Elad , Eitan Mayan , Benchetrit Sydney , Cohen-Hagai Keren 
Published: October 2019

Background
Hyponatremia is the most common electrolyte abnormality observed in clinical practice. Among patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS), serum sodium levels are inversely associated with mortality risk. We assessed associations of serum sodium level with ACS and mortality in patients with chest pain.

Methods
This retrospective cohort study used clinical data from a large, academic hospital. All adults admitted with chest pain and without hypernatremia and discharged after ACS rule-out from January 2010 through June 2016 were included. The primary endpoint was the composite of 30-day ACS and mortality. Secondary endpoints were a hospital admission due to ACS and mortality in the first year following discharge.

Results
Included were 12 315 patients (mean age 58.2 ± 13 years, 60% male). Patients were classified according to the serum sodium (Na) level: hyponatremia, defined as less than 135 mEq/L (n = 289, 2.3%); 140 > Na ≥ 135 mEq/L (n = 8066, 65.5%), and 145 > Na ≥ 140 mEq/L (n = 3960, 32.2%). Patients with serum sodium more than 145 mEq/L were excluded. Among patients with hyponatremia, low-normal, and high-normal levels, rates of the composite outcome of unadjusted 30-day all-cause mortality and ACS admission were 4.5, 1.0, and 0.7%, respectively (P < 0.001). Unadjusted one-year ACS rates were 3.8, 1.5, and 1.4%, respectively (P < 0.01).

Conclusion
Hyponatremia is associated with higher mortality and ACS risk among patients with chest pain who were discharged from internal medicine wards following ACS-rule-out. Sodium level may be included in the risk stratification of patients with chest pain.
Review of massive transfusion protocols in the injured, bleeding patient
Authors: Abuzeid Adil M. , O’Keeffe Terence 
Published: October 2019

Purpose of reviewMassive haemorrhage is a significant cause of mortality and morbidity in a variety of clinical settings, although most research has been related to trauma patients. Military studies from recent conflicts found that higher ratios of plasma to red blood cells (RBCs) were associated with increased survival in injured soldiers, and subsequent trials in civilian populations showed similar decreased mortality. Over the last decade, massive transfusion protocols (MTPs) have become an important component in the treatment of the massively bleeding patient. This review is intended to summarize the more recent findings and trends in massive transfusion.Recent findingsThere have been several observational studies suggesting that higher ratios of plasma to RBC and platelets to RBC are associated with improved survival but there is a paucity of randomized studies relating to specific ratios, dosages, timing, and guidance. Other studies have developed and assessed scoring systems used to initiate MTPs and specific tests used to guide MTPs. Finally, the specific blood components and adjuncts that constitute a MTP are the subject of further ongoing research.SummaryThe absence of a universal definition of massive bleeding or massive transfusion, heterogeneity in patients suffering from massive bleeding, and the difficulty in predicting which patients will require a massive transfusion all contribute to the difficulty of studying massive transfusion. However, there is evidence that higher plasma : RBC ratios correlate with improved survival, and that adjuncts to transfusion play a key role. Furthermore, recent validations of massive haemorrhage scoring systems should allow more consistent and appropriate triggering of massive transfusions.
Shen fu injection for patients with septic shock
Authors: Wang Xiaojun , He Canfeng , Cai Yinhe , Sun Dazhong , Hu Guangyun , Zhou Jian 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Background:
Septic shock is a serious disease with high morbidity, which will lead to organ dysfunction. Shen fu injection (SFI) has been widely used for septic shock as a treatment in China. Many clinical trials have been reported that it could assess the efficacy and safety of SFI to cure septic shock and accelerate resuscitation. Reassessing the efficacy and safety of SFI as a treatment of patients with septic shock is the objective of this updated systematic review.

Methods:
The following electronic databases major in English and Chinese will be conducted a systematic search until September 2018: PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, Chinese Science and Technology Periodical Database, Chinese BioMedical Literature Database, and Wan-fang Database. Randomized controlled trials of SFI will be included. Review Manager 5.2 software will be used for assessment of risk of bias, data synthesis, and subgroup analysis. We will conduct the GRADE system to assess the quality of evidence, if possible.

Results:
This study will provide a rational synthesis of current evidences for SFI on septic shock.

Conclusion:
We hope our research results will provide an objective and reliable evidence to patients, clinicians and healthcare policymakers who are concerning the treatment options of SFI in septic shock.

Registration:
PROSPERO CRD42016049332.
A noninvasive and highly sensitive approach for the assessment of coronary collateral circulation by 192-slice third-generation dual-source computed tomography
Authors: Chen Kebin , Zhang Xiaoge , Li Daling , Chen Honglei , Zhang Zhixu , Chen Lei 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The coronary collateral circulation (CCC) is an alternative source of blood supply when the original vessels fail to provide sufficient blood. The accurate detection of CCC is critical for the treatment of ischemic heart disease, especially when the stent surgery is not an option. The assessment of minute vessels such as coronary collateral arteries is challenging. The objective of this study was to assess the feasibility of detection and classification of CCC using the192-slice third-generation dual-source computed tomography angiography (192-slice DSCT CTA).
Eight hundred patients (450 men and 350 women, mean age: 56 ± 11 years) with complete or subtotal occlusion of at least 1 major coronary artery were enrolled for our study. February 2016 and September 2018, the patient both 192-slice DSCT CTA and conventional coronary angiography (CAG) were performed in all enrolled patients. The interval between two approaches for a given patient was 6.1 ± 3.7 days (Range: 1–15). The diagnostic accuracy of 192-slice DSCT CTA was evaluated by comparing it with that of CAG. The identified CCC was graded according to the Rentrop classification.
The prevalence among patients of having at least 1 CCC was 43.8%. The sensitivity for detecting CCC by 192-slice DSCT was 91.7% (95% CI: 88.3% to 94.3%), specificity was 95.5% (95% CI: 93.1% to 97.2%), positive predictive value was 94.3% (95% CI: 91.5% to 96.2%), and negative predictive value was 93.3% (95% CI: 90.9% to 95.3%). Cohen-Kappa analysis showed that the consistency of the correct classification of CCC using CAG and 192-slice DSCT was very high with the kappa coefficient (κ) of 0.94 (95% CI: 0.91–0.96, P value = .01). Additionally, the radiation dose for 192-slice DSCT was as low as 0.42 ± 0.04 mSv (range, 0.35–0.43 mSv).
The 192-slice DSCT CTA is a reliable and sensitive non-invasive method for the evaluation of CCC with low radiation doses.
High-resolution computed tomography of the lung in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Salaffi Fausto , Carotti Marina , Di Carlo Marco , Tardella Marika , Giovagnoni Andrea 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
An international consensus for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients at risk of developing interstitial lung disease (ILD) is still lacking. The aims of study were to evaluate: the prevalence of ILD involvement in RA over high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT); the relationships between pulmonary function tests (PFTs), patient-centered measurements, and ILD; and the potential risk factors contributing to RA-ILD patients.
Data regarding the clinical characteristics (age, sex, age at onset of RA), laboratory findings (rheumatoid factor [RF] and anti-citrullinated protein antibodies [ACPA]), respiratory functional assessment (forced vital capacity [FVC] and carbon monoxide diffusion capacity [DLCO]), patient-centred measures of dyspnea (PCMD), Health Assessment Questionnaire—Disability Index (HAQ-DI), and HRCT have collected retrospectively. HRCT abnormalities were evaluated using a conventional visual reader-based score (CoVR) and a computer-aided method (CaM). The relationships between the 2 HRCT scores—PFTs and PCMD—were calculated using Pearson correlation. The area under the receiving-operating characteristic (AUC-ROC) curve was calculated to determine the discriminatory performance of measurements between patients with and without ILD. The multivariate regression model was used to evaluate the association force between ILD and RA characteristics.
In all, 151 patients (45 males and 106 females, mean age 53.4 ± 7.6 years) were included. ILD had been detected in 29 patients out of 151 (19.2%). Usual interstitial pneumonia was the most common HRCT. RA-ILD patients were older, and older at RA onset (both P < .01), with a higher HAQ-DI (P < .05) than patients without ILD. ACPA positivity and titer were higher in the RA-ILD group (P = .02). Extent and severity of ILD, and total CoVR and CaM score closely related to DLCO and PCMD (both P < .0001). A reduced DLCO was the most sensitive test for predicting the presence of ILD on HRCT (AUC-ROC 0.811 ± 0.037). Advanced age (P < .0001), age at RA onset (P = .025), ACPA titer (P = .004), and smoking (P = .008) were independent explanatory variables of HRCT damage in multivariate analysis.
The RA-ILD is associated with age and older age of RA onset, smoking, and ACPA titer. DLCO seems to be the most sensitive parameter to predict ILD on HRCT, followed by PCMD.
Immediate effects of the respiratory stimulation on ventilation parameters in ischemic stroke survivors
Authors: Ptaszkowska Lucyna , Ptaszkowski Kuba , Halski Tomasz , Taradaj Jakub , Dymarek Robert , Paprocka-Borowicz Malgorzata 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Background:
Post-stroke brain damage, which affects the central control of respiration, leads to various respiratory disorders. They can be caused by the weakening of the respiratory muscles and chest movements, which can indirectly contribute to an impairment of the ventilation function. The aim of the study is an objective assessment of the effect of a single-session intervention of respiratory stimulation through Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF) on chosen respiratory parameters and the following comparison of these changes with a group in which positioning was used (intra- and intergroup comparison).

Methods:
This was a randomized interventional study evaluating the respiratory parameters depending on the applied respiratory stimulation in patients after ischemic stroke. The patients qualified to participate in the study were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 groups: PNF-treated group – in which respiratory stimulation through PNF was used, PNF untreated group – in which positioning was used. The research procedure consisted of several stages. First, an interview was conducted with each participant and basic data was collected. Then, spirometry was conducted, after which each patient underwent a single-session intervention according to their assigned group. Finally, the patients were given another spirometry examination. The main outcomes will be to compare the results of a spirometry test (FVC, FEV1, FEV1/ FVC%, PEF) before and after single-session intervention and between groups.

Results:
Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria for the study, 60 patients took part in the measurement. The values of FEV1/FVC% were higher in PNF-treated group than in PNF-untreated group, if the post-intervention measures (P = .04) are considered. The difference between the pre- and post-intervention results of the FEV1/FVC% values in PNF-untreated group was substantially lower than in PNF-treated group (P = .001).

Conclusion:
A single application of respiratory stimulation through PNF positively affect air flow in the respiratory tract. Application of PNF stimulation contributed to an increase in the FEV1/FVC% parameter. However, no positive changes were noted in the other parameters, which would provide proof of the beneficial effect of facilitation on the respiratory system function.
Pulmonary rehabilitation for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Araujo Zênia T.S. , Mendonça Karla M.P.P. , Souza Bruma M.M. , Santos Tacito Z.M. , Chaves Gabriela S.S. , Andriolo Brenda N.G. , Nogueira Patricia A.M.S. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Background:
Pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) is an indispensable component in the nonpharmacological management of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) with significant improvements in quality of life and exercise capacity. It is strongly supported by systematic reviews (SR) as part of the treatment of these patients. However, it is not known which PR components are essential, such as duration, ideal locations, type and intensity of training, degree of supervision, adherence, cost-effectiveness challenge, and how long the program effects last. This overview aims to evaluate and describe different pulmonary rehabilitation interventions for individuals with COPD.

Methods:
Only systematic reviews of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published in the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews will be included. The following results were analyzed: health-related quality of life, functional capacity, mortality, dyspnea, cost-effectiveness, and adverse events. The risk of bias will be assessed by the Risk of Bias in Systematic Reviews (ROBIS). The methodological quality will be analyzed through the Assessment of Multiple Systematic Reviews (AMSTAR-2). We will use the evaluations of the Classification of Recommendations, Evaluation, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) of the authors of the included systematic reviews. The screening of systematic reviews, eligibility evaluation, data extraction, methodological quality, and quality of evidence will be performed in pairs by independent reviewers. The results that have been reported in the included reviews will be summarized in an “Overview of Reviews” table. The main conclusions about the effects of the interventions studied in the included reviews will be summarized and organized in clinically meaningful categories.

Results:
The article in this overview will be submitted for publication in a peer-reviewed journal. The results will also be included in a doctoral thesis and disclosed in medical conferences.

Conclusions:
We expect to compile evidence from multiple systematic reviews of pulmonary rehabilitation in people with COPD in an accessible and useful document.

Registration number PROSPERO:
CRD42019111564.