bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Progressivity and habituality in Shumcho
Authors: Huber Christian 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThis article is concerned with some features of the tempo-aspectual system of Shumcho, a small West Himalayish (Tibeto-Burman) language spoken in a few villages in the district Kinnaur (State of Himachal Pradesh) in the Indian Himalayas, and provides a descriptive account of the language’s strategies to express progressive or habitual action and the effects of the respective markers with various types of predicates. I also consider the semantic (evidential) properties of the copulas and their interaction with the aspect/tense system, and offer some thoughts on the historical development of imperfective and perfective constructions as met in the present-day language.
Holographic lensless fiber endoscope with needle size using self-calibration
Authors: Scharf Elias , Kuschmierz Robert , Czarske Jürgen 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Endoscopes enable optical keyhole access in many applications for instance in biomedicine. In general, coherent fiber bundles (CFB) are used in conjunction with rigid lens systems which determine a fixed image plane. However, the lens system limits the minimum diameter of the endoscope typically to several millimeters. Additionally, only pixelated two-dimensional amplitude patterns can be transferred due to phase scrambling between adjacent cores. These limitations can be overcome by digital optical elements. Thus, in principle thinner, lensless, holographic endoscopes with a three-dimensional adjustable focus for imaging and illumination can be realized. So far, several techniques based on single mode CFB and multi mode fibers (MMF) have been presented. However, these techniques require access to both sides of the fiber, in order to calibrate the bending and temperature sensitive phase distortion, which is not possible in a real application. We present the feasibility of an in-situ calibration and compensation of a CFB with single sided access. A lensless endoscope with a diameter of only 500 µm, a spatial resolution around 1 µm and video rate capability is realized.
Adjective complementation patterns and judgement: Aligning lexical-grammatical and discourse-semantic approaches in appraisal research
Authors: Su Hang , Hunston Susan 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThis study takes a lexical-grammatical approach to exploring the evaluation of human behaviour and/or character. It uses adjective complementation patterns as the starting point to examine the lexical-grammatical resources at risk in the appraisal system ofjudgement, aiming to explore the extent to which we can arrive at the same categorization of the resources realizingjudgementif a formal or lexical-grammatical approach, rather than a discourse-semantic one, is taken. Using a corpus compiled of texts categorized as ‘Biography’ in the British National Corpus, the study, on the one hand, shows that most of the items identified can be very satisfactorily classified in terms posited in thejudgementsystem, suggesting that the nomenclature from that model is useful. On the other hand, a considerable number of items have also been identified which construe attitudes towards emotional types of personality traits, leading to the proposal of a potentially useful new judgement category and further an adjusted system ofjudgement. The heuristic potential of aligning the lexical-grammatical and discourse-semantic approaches to appraisal is further discussed.
Effects of a Soccer Tournament on the Psychohormonal States of Collegiate Female Players
Authors: Broodryk Adele , Pienaar Cindy , Edwards David , Sparks Martinique 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Broodryk, A, Pienaar, C, Edwards, D, and Sparks, M. Effects of a soccer tournament on the psychohormonal states of collegiate female players. J Strength Cond Res 35(7): 1873–1884, 2021—A gap exists in the literature concerning the connection between soccer players' hormonal and psychological responses when playing a tournament, or even a match, and its outcome (victory or defeat). This study evaluates the effects of a week-long tournament on the psychohormonal states of collegiate female soccer players. Eight players' cortisol (saliva sample), mood states (Incredibly Short Profile of Mood States [ISP]), and state-anxiety (state subscale of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory) were assessed 1 hour before and 15 minutes after every game. Cortisol increased significantly after most matches, with intramatch differences observed (p < 0.05, d > 1.2). Match intensity influenced cortisol secretion, with greater secretion as intensity increased. The ISP demonstrated intramatch differences for the subscales' fatigue, depression, tension, and vigor (p < 0.05). Matches lost produced a higher total mood disturbance (TMD) index compared with matches won (p = 0.001, d = 1.4). Cortisol correlated with the TMD and various mood subscales before a winning outcome, with the ISP correlating at all times with the anxiety scores (p < 0.05). In conclusion, these results indicate that physiological and psychological variables combine to contribute to the stress response during a tournament. Focusing on high-intensity activities and minimizing fatigue are important, as both are associated with raised cortisol and negative mood states. Finally, implementing a mood questionnaire over a tournament can be beneficial, as sensitive information on players' hormonal and perceived anxiety states, which subsequently affect physical performance, can be obtained.
A Subpopulation of Amygdala Neurons Mediates the Affective Component of Itch
Authors: Sanders Kristen M. , Sakai Kent , Henry Tyler D. , Hashimoto Takashi , Akiyama Tasuku 
Published: February 2019

Itch consists of both sensory and affective components. For chronic itch patients, the affective component of itch affects both quality of life (leading to psychological comorbidities) and disease prognosis (by promoting scratching of itchy skin). We found that acute itch stimuli, such as histamine, induced anxiety-like behavior and increased activity (c-Fos expression) in the amygdala in adult male C57BL/6 mice. Itch stimuli also increased activity in projection areas to the amygdala, suggesting that these regions form a circuit for affective itch processing. Electrophysiological characterization of histamine-responsive amygdala neurons showed that this population was active on a behaviorally relevant timescale and partially overlapped with pain signaling. Selective optogenetic activation of histamine-responsive amygdala neurons in adult male and female Fos:CreERT2;R26Ai14mice using the Targeted Recombination in Active Populations system enhanced both scratching and anxiety-like behavior. These results highlight the importance of itch-responsive amygdala neurons in modulating itch-related affect and behavior.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe sensation of itch includes an affective component that leads to stress and anxiety in chronic itch patients. We investigated the neuronal basis of affective itch in mice, with a focus on the amygdala, the key brain region for the generation of anxiety. A subpopulation of amygdala neurons responded to itch stimuli such as histamine. Optogenetic activation of histamine-responsive amygdala neurons affected both scratching and anxiety-like behavior. Therefore, this population appears to be important for mediating the affective component of itch.
Addition of Vitamin B Complex to Prime Solution in Cobalamin-Deficient Patients to Prevent Postoperative Delirium
Authors: Demirdas Ertan , Atilgan Kivanc 
Published: February 2019

Objective: In this study, we investigated whether the addition of vitamin B complex to prime solution for cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) in cobalamin-deficient patients undergoing on-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) helps prevent the development of postoperative delirium (POD).
Materials and Methods: In the present study, 69 of 138 patients with serum vitamin B12 levels <200 pg/mL based on the blood sample taken within 1 week prior to on-pump CABG between January 2013 and December 2017 were enrolled. The control group included 69 patients. Vitamin B complex (25 mg vitamin B1, thiamine hydrochloride, 2.734 mg vitamin B2, riboflavin phosphate ester monosodium, 5 mg vitamin B6, pyridoxine hydrochloride, 15 mcg vitamin B12, 50 mg niacinamide, and 17.2 mg D-panthenol) was added to the prime solution for CPB in the study group. The Intensive Care Delirium Screening Checklist (ICDSC) was used for the diagnosis of POD, and the severity of delirium was assessed by using the Delirium Rating Scale-Revised-98 (DRS-R-98).
Results: Twenty-nine patients in the control group (42%) and 18 patients (26%) in the study group developed POD (P = .017), delirium severity scores were higher in the control group (16.5 ± 2.9 versus 15.03 ± 2.48, P = .034). Logistic regression analyses showed vitamin B complex was an independent protective factor for preventing the development of POD in patients undergoing on-pump CABG (odds ratio [OR]: 0.23, 95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 0.06-0.83, P = .025).
Conclusion: On the basis of the results of our study, the addition of vitamin B complex to the prime solution for CPB decreases the incidence of POD in cobalamin-deficient patients undergoing on-pump CABG.
Comparative Study Of The Effect Of Topical Corticosteroid With Non-Steroidal Anti Inflammatory Agents On Post-Operative Inflammation And Corneal Astigmatism After Cataract Surgery.
Authors: Pal Dr. Neeta , Subramanian Dr. Thanikachalam , John Bosco Dr. A. , Chawda Dr. Vijay 
Published: February 2019

Purpose:To compare the effects of topical corticosteroid with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents on postoperative control of inflammation, pain and corneal astigmatism.
Setting: Indira Gandhi Government General Hospital & Postgraduate Institute, Puducherry.
Methods:A prospective comparative study in two hundred patients with visually significant cataract, undergoing manual small incision cataract surgery with implantation of posterior chamber intraocular lens were randomly assigned into four groups with minimum 50 patients in each. All cases of uncomplicated cataract surgery were assigned to following groups to receive one of the following topical anti-inflammatory agents as postoperative medications: Group A- 1% predinsolone acetate, Group B -0.5% ketorolac tromethamine, Group C 0.09% Bromfenac eye drops, Group D 0.1% Nepafenac eye drops. All patients were examined on 1 day (baseline), 3th day, 5th day, 7th day, 14th day and 1month after surgery for assessment of ocular pain, anterior chamber cells and flare and corneal astigmatism.
Results:The cells and flare were least in bromfenac group on the 3rd postoperative day.Nepafenac is effective in inflammation control from 5th postoperative day. There was a significant association of use of drug and severity of ocular pain upto 1stpostoperative week. There was statistically significant difference between NSAIDs and steroid on postoperative astigmatism (P <0.001).
Conclusions:Bromfenac is effective as an anti-inflammatory agent in the immediate postoperative period. All the NSAIDs are found to be as effective as steroid after 1 week onwards. The NSAIDs showed reduced astigmatism changes and stabilizes astigmatism much quicker than steroids.
PD-1/PD-L1 Blockade Therapy in Advanced Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer: Current Status and Future Directions
Authors: Xia Liliang , Liu Yuanyong , Wang Ying 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has become one of the most promising approaches in the field of cancer therapy. Unlike the current therapies that target tumor cells, such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or targeted therapy, ICIs directly restore the exhausted host antitumor immune responses mediated by the tumors. Among multiple immune modulators identified, the programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1)/programmed cell death protein ligand 1 (PD-L1) axis leading to the exhaustion of T-cell immunity in chronic infections and tumors has been widely investigated. Therefore, blocking antibodies targeting PD-1 or PD-L1 have been developed and approved for the treatment of various advanced cancers, including non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), making them the most successful ICIs. Compared with chemotherapy or radiotherapy, PD-1/PD-L1 blockade therapy significantly improves the durable response rate and prolongs long-term survival with limited adverse effects in both monotherapy and combination therapy for advanced NSCLC. However, extensive challenges exist for further clinical applications, such as a small fraction of benefit population, primary and acquired resistance, the lack of predictive and prognostic biomarkers, and treatment-related adverse effects. In this article, we summarize the latest clinical applications of PD-1/PD-L1 blockade therapy in advanced NSCLC worldwide, as well as in China, and discuss the bottlenecks related to the use of this therapy in clinical practice. An exploration of the underlying mechanism of PD-1/PD-L1 blockade therapy and biomarker identification will maximize the application of ICIs in advanced NSCLC and facilitate bedside-to-bench studies in cancer immunotherapy as well.
Crecer entre dos mundos: el portugués como lengua de herencia en España
Authors: Azevedo-Gomes Juliana 
Published: February 2019

Language and culture are part of the identity construction of individuals. When a child grows in a different country of his parents, his identity will be more complex, since there’s an alive language and culture in his familiar environment, nevertheless, different from the majority language and culture of the country he lives. This minority language is defined as heritage language (He 2010, Kondo-Brown 2005, Van Deusen-Scholl 2003) or colonial language (Carreira 2004, Fishman & Peyton, 2001).
This paper addresses to recognize the strategies of Brazilian relatives immigrated to Spain to transmit the Portuguese as a heritage language (POLH/PLH) to their children who live in Catalonia, Spain. In this autonomous community there are no bilingual’s schools that teach Portuguese, so that the only resource that the relatives are able to count on is an Association that offers weekly classes and some events related on Brazilian calendar. The results point to a relative awareness about their primordial role in the heritage language transmition. Moreover, they recognize as a difficulty the communication restriction contexts and as a support an institution that promotes POLH/PLH and the necessity of maintaining the family ties in order to children value their family language and culture.
INFLUENCE OF A NEWS BACKGROUND ON COMPANY COST: REVIEW OF LITERATURE AND DIRECTION OF FUTURE RESEARCHES
Authors: Vladimirova O. A. 
Published: February 2019

Information factor of influence on company capitalization is considered. The researches revealing mutual influence between share prices and a news background of the organization (positive, negative or neutral) are analysed. Influence the fake of news on the market cost of the company and possibility of restoration of reputation after influence the fake news is analysed. The conclusion that a news background, first of all his quality, is a disputable factor of influence on company cost became result. He demands bigger attention and bigger number of researches, introduction of new models of his analysis and correlation with company capitalization. Further researches have to be devoted to the analysis of influence of pessimistic, optimistic and neutral news on dynamics of capitalization of the companies. Having studied a number of the companies, it will be possible to draw a conclusion on what group of branches is more subject to influence of information background. Further it will be possible to formulate behavior model which is preferable to the company, seeking to increase the capitalization and to reduce risks of volatility of the actions.
Islamic Economics as A New Current of Economic Development in Indonesia
Authors: Iskandar Iskandar 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThis study explores to provide an alternative solution to the problems of Indonesian economy through the empowerment and embodiment of Indonesia's Islamic economy, by looking at the problems of income distribution, economic inequality and the problem of industrialization. This issue provides a new point of view that Islamic economics is not merely a banking issue. The methodology used in this study is an explanation by describing the phenomena that exist through quantitative and qualitative data. The results of this discussion are expected to provide policy direction for policy makers in solving problems related to industrialization, income distribution and inequality. The main problem of Indonesia's economic development is the lack of wisdom-based development ethics. Lesson in this study is the new current of Islamic economics. Non-usury economic solutions based on wisdom in Islam. Islamic economics has experienced many developments and are increasingly embedded in the hearts of Indonesian muslims. Potency of zakat and waqf endowments, fair income distribution and the process of distribution through the mechanism of production and zakat may render solutions for income disparity and poverty alleviation. AbstrakStudi ini mengeksplorasi untuk memberikan solusi alternatif untuk masalah ekonomi Indonesia melalui pemberdayaan dan perwujudan ekonomi Islam Indonesia, dengan melihat masalah distribusi pendapatan, ketimpangan ekonomi dan masalah industrialisasi. Masalah ini memberikan sudut pandang baru bahwa ekonomi Islam bukan hanya masalah perbankan. Metodologi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penjelasan dengan menggambarkan fenomena yang ada melalui data kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Hasil diskusi ini diharapkan dapat memberikan arahan kebijakan bagi para pembuat kebijakan dalam menyelesaikan masalah yang terkait dengan industrialisasi, distribusi pendapatan dan ketidaksetaraan. Masalah utama pembangunan ekonomi Indonesia adalah kurangnya etika pembangunan berbasis kebijaksanaan. Pelajaran dalam penelitian ini adalah arus baru ekonomi Islam. Solusi ekonomi non-riba berdasarkan kebijaksanaan dalam Islam. Ekonomi Islam telah mengalami banyak perkembangan dan semakin tertanam dalam hati umat Islam Indonesia. Potensi zakat dan wakaf wakaf, distribusi pendapatan yang adil dan proses distribusi melalui mekanisme produksi dan zakat dapat memberikan solusi untuk disparitas pendapatan dan pengentasan kemiskinan.
The Effectiveness of Azolla pinnata in Inhibiting the Growth of Salmonella typhi
Authors: Ekawati Evy Ratnasari , Pradana M. Sungging 
Published: February 2019

Human digestive tract infections can be caused by viruses, bacteria, and protozoa. Bacterial resistance to antibiotics can frustrate therapy with antibiotics. Today many researchers develop herbal medicines from plants for microbial infections. The benefits of medicinal plants depend on several components of chemicals that can have an influence on the human body. One of the plants that can be used is Azolla. Azolla has many nutrients and phytochemical compounds such as flavonoid, tannin, and saponin which have antimicrobial activity. This study used dried Azolla extract which was divided into several doses, namely 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% and 100% b/v. Azolla extract activity test was carried out by observing the presence of inhibition zones formed after incubation. Azolla extract test results obtained all doses in the resistance category with a diameter of no more than 10 mm. One way Anova test obtained a significance value of 0.000<α = 0.05, which means that there is a difference between the administration of Azolla pinnata extract dose to its ability to inhibit the growth of Salmonella typhii. Duncan test showed that the treatment of Azolla pinnata 60%, 80% and 100% of Salmonella typhii showed results that were not significantly different. The results of the study concluded that Azolla extract can be used to inhibit the growth of Salmonella typhii bacteria so that it can be developed into traditional medicine.
ANALISIS PENGARUH KONSUMSI KEDELAI, PRODUKSI KEDELAI DAN CADANGAN DEVISA TERHADAP IMPOR KEDELAI DI INDONESIA
Authors: Risyanto Havid , Mahdoh Mahdoh 
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACT
The agricultural sector is the primary sector and plays an important role for the national economy. One of the agricultural sectors is soybeans which is a staple food for the people of Indonesia. This study aims to determine the simultaneous and partial effects of consumption, production and foreign exchange reserves on soybean imports in Indonesia, as well as to analyze the variables that have the most dominant influence on soybean imports in Indonesia in the period 2000-2016. The method used in this study is a quantitative approach research and uses secondary data with time series and the analysis tool used is multiple linear regression analysis with the help of software Eviews 9. The results showed simultaneous consumption, production and reserve variables Foreign exchange has a significant impact on soybean imports in Indonesia for the period 2000-2016. Foreign exchange reserve variables have a positive and significant effect on soybean imports in Indonesia for the period 2000-2016.
Keywords : soybean consumption, soybean Production, foreign exchange reserves and soybean import
ABSTRAK
Sektor pertanian merupakan sektor primer dan memegang peranan penting bagi perekonomian nasional. Salah satu dari sektor pertanian adalah kedelai yang merupakan termasuk makanan pokok bagi masyarakat Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh secara simultan dan parsial konsumsi, produksi dan cadangan devisa terhadap impor kedelai di Indonesia, serta untuk menganalisis variabel yang berpengaruh paling dominan terhadap impor kedelai di Indonesia pada periode tahun 2000-2016. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian dengan pendekatan kuantitatif serta menggunakan data sekunder dengan runtun waktu (time series) dan alat analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis regresi linear berganda dengan bantuan perangkat lunak Eviews 9. Hasil penelitian menunjukan secara simultan variabel konsumsi, produksi dan cadangan devisa berpengaru signifikan terhadap impor kedelai di Indonesia periode tahun 2000-2016. Variabel cadangan devisa berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap impor kedelai di Indonesia periode tahun 2000-2016.
Kata Kunci : Konsumsi Kedelai, Produksi Kedelai, Cadangan Devisa dan Impor Kedelai
Caracterização e aceitação sensorial de doce em pasta com biomassa de banana e polpa de cajá
Authors: Jesus Iranilse Gomes , Souza Analyne Crispim , Ferreira Igor Macedo , Santos Lilian Vieira do Nascimento , Silva Ana Mara Oliveira , Carvalho Michelle Garcêz 
Published: February 2019

Objetivou-se elaborar e caracterizar três formulações de doce em pasta de biomassa de banana e cajá, adicionado de frutooligossacarídeo (FOS). A diferença entre as formulações é a substituição do açúcar mascavo por FOS nas formulações 2 e 3. Os doces foram caracterizados microbiológica (fungos, coliformes totais e termotolerantes, Salmonella sp), sensorial (preferência, aceitação e intenção de compra), físico-química (pH e acidez total titulável) e química (umidade, cinzas, lipídio, proteína, fenólicos totais e % de varredura do radical 1,1-difenil-2-picril-hidrazil). Calculou-se também os carboidratos totais e o valor energético. Os doces com adição de FOS apresentaram a mesma preferência e maior aceitabilidade para a doçura (6,84 a 6,86), sabor (6,48 a 6,6) e impressão global (6,67 a 6,82), já a intenção de compra foi a mesma entre as formulações 1 (2,58) e 3 (3,14), assim como, nas formulações 2 (3,42) e 3 (3,14). Os lipídios (1,65 a 2,71), a acidez total titulável (9,22 a 14,01) e o pH (3,56 a 4,14) variaram entre as formulações, além disso, apresentaram atividade antioxidante significativa. O doce em pasta proposto é uma boa alternativa para a indústria alimentícia como produto com propriedades funcionais e frutas regionais.