bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigating interactions between sugarcane straw and organic fertilizers recycled together in a soil using modelling of C and N mineralization
Authors: Kyulavski Vladislav , Recous Sylvie , Thuries Laurent , Paillat Jean‐Marie , Garnier Patricia 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe input of organic fertilizers into soils is an interesting option as a substitution for mineral fertilization, but how their interaction with crop residues affects the fate of added carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) in the soil is still poorly known. Therefore, we analysed the effect of adding together organic fertilizer and straw on subsequent C and N mineralization. We incubated sugarcane straw (S), pig slurry (PS) and solid sewage sludge (DS) separately and in mixtures (PS‐S and DS‐S) at 28°C during 182 days. To discuss interactions, we used a simple additivity model based on measurements and a mechanistic model for C and N transformations in soil (CANTIS). Both models overestimated the C mineralization and did not correctly predict N mineralization of the two mixtures. The differences between observed and expected values calculated with the models were negative for C mineralization, indicating an antagonistic interaction in mixtures. The limitations for C decomposition might be the result of many factors, such as negative priming effect or limitation in N accessibility, which are not considered by CANTIS. We assumed that the priming effect induced by the mineralization of a mixture was not significantly different from the priming effect induced by the mineralization of the organic matters incubated alone. The use of a contact factor in CANTIS allowed the predicted C and N kinetics for the mixtures to be correctly fitted to measured data. It reflects the effect of fine‐scale C and N distribution heterogeneities on the intensity of microbial decomposition. A better integration of the interactions between different N and C sources should be addressed to develop modelling as an accurate tool for agroecosystem management.Highlights

Experimental data and modelling allowed assessment of effects of mixtures on C and N mineralization.
Mineralization of the organic material mixture was not the sum of the mineralization of each material.
A contact factor reflecting the N‐rich substrate accessibility was needed to predict C and N data.
Pig slurry and sewage sludge mixed with straw showed antagonistic effects on mineralization.
A histological and ultrastructural study of equine peripheral caries
Authors: Borkent D. , Smith S. , Dixon P. M. 
Published: May 2019

SummaryBackgroundPeripheral caries (PC) has recently been shown to affect over half of UK and Australian horses.ObjectivesTo examine affected cheek teeth histologically and ultrastructurally, to assess the possible route(s) of carious infection into the dental tissues and to further describe the pathological changes in affected teeth.Study designDescriptive pathological study.MethodsFour control and 16 cheek teeth with different grades of PC were examined grossly, histologically and by electron microscopy.ResultsCariogenic bacteria from plaque entered peripheral cementum perpendicular to the sides of teeth alongside Sharpey's fibres or vascular channels or more horizontally alongside exposed intrinsic fibres and cemental growth lines. Subsequent intra‐cemental bacterial spread created different patterns of caries including vertical and horizontal flake‐like patterns; deep, large flask‐shaped or smaller superficial ellipsoid‐shaped lytic lesions. Cemental caries progressed to affect enamel, dentine and even pulp. Gross examination underestimated the degree of caries observed on histological evaluation.Main limitationsNo dental histories were available; all teeth were examined on a single occasion.ConclusionEquine PC causes different patterns of cemental lesions that appear dependent on the route of cariogenic bacterial invasion. Progression of caries can lead to pulpitis and tooth loss. Gross examination can underestimate the true extent of caries.
Lower Sexual Satisfaction and Function Mediate the Association of Assault Military Sexual Trauma and Relationship Satisfaction in Partnered Female Service Members/Veterans
Authors: Blais Rebecca K. 
Published: May 2019

Little is known about the association of military sexual trauma (MST) and relationship satisfaction among partnered female service members/veterans (SM/Vs). Extant civilian literature shows a strong association between sexual trauma and poorer relationship outcomes, and theory suggests that sexual function and satisfaction may mediate this association. Given that as many as 40% of female SM/Vs report MST and roughly half of female veterans are partnered and in their peak sexual years, it is critical to understand the association of MST, relationship satisfaction, sexual function, and sexual satisfaction in this population. Female SM/Vs (N = 817) completed a demographic inventory, self‐report measures of MST, relationship satisfaction, sexual function, and sexual satisfaction. One hundred fifty‐one (18.48%) participants did not experience MST. Three hundred eighty‐eight (47.49%) reported that they experienced harassment‐only MST, and 278 (34.03%) reported assault MST. At the bivariate level, lower relationship satisfaction was associated with lower sexual function and satisfaction with large effect sizes. Assault MST was associated with lower relationship satisfaction and sexual function and satisfaction with small‐to‐medium effect sizes. No differences in relationship satisfaction, sexual satisfaction, and function between those with harassment‐only and no MST were observed. Mediation analyses demonstrated that lower sexual function and satisfaction mediated the association of assault MST and relationship satisfaction. Couples’ therapy offered to SM/Vs with MST should screen for type of MST, sexual function, and satisfaction. Addressing the sequelae of MST and increasing sexual function and satisfaction in these partnerships may be critical treatment targets.
A successful antibiotic treatment by a new administration route: a case report of a subcutaneous administration of ceftazidime and tobramycin
Authors: Duron Dorothée , Chanoine Sébastien , Peron Maud , Lepelley Marion , Allenet Benoît , Epaulard Olivier , Camara Boubou , Bedouch Pierrick 
Published: May 2019

AbstractWhen intramuscular or intravenous administrations of parenteral drugs are not possible, the use of other routes (e.g., subcutaneous route) should be considered. We report a patient with Duchenne muscular dystrophy, who was hospitalized for acute pneumonia due to antibiotic‐resistant strains of bacteria. Our patient was successfully recovered with antimicrobial therapy by subcutaneous administration of ceftazidime and tobramycin, for which no safety and efficacy data are available in humans. To the best of our knowledge, this case is the first supporting the subcutaneous administration safety and potential efficacy of both ceftazidime and tobramycin in humans.
A global risk assessment of primates under climate and land use/cover scenarios
Authors: Carvalho Joana S. , Graham Bruce , Rebelo Hugo , Bocksberger Gaëlle , Meyer Christoph F. J. , Wich Serge , Kühl Hjalmar S. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractPrimates are facing an impending extinction crisis, driven by extensive habitat loss, land use change and hunting. Climate change is an additional threat, which alone or in combination with other drivers, may severely impact those taxa unable to track suitable environmental conditions. Here, we investigate the extent of climate and land use/cover (LUC) change‐related risks for primates. We employed an analytical approach to objectively select a subset of climate scenarios, for which we then calculated changes in climatic and LUC conditions for 2050 across primate ranges (N = 426 species) under a best‐case scenario and a worst‐case scenario. Generalized linear models were used to examine whether these changes varied according to region, conservation status, range extent and dominant habitat. Finally, we reclassified primate ranges based on different magnitudes of maximum temperature change, and quantified the proportion of ranges overall and of primate hotspots in particular that are likely to be exposed to extreme temperature increases. We found that, under the worst‐case scenario, 74% of Neotropical forest‐dwelling primates are likely to be exposed to maximum temperature increases up to 7°C. In contrast, 38% of Malagasy savanna primates will experience less pronounced warming of up to 3.5°C. About one quarter of Asian and African primates will face up to 50% crop expansion within their range. Primary land (undisturbed habitat) is expected to disappear across species' ranges, whereas secondary land (disturbed habitat) will increase by up to 98%. With 86% of primate ranges likely to be exposed to maximum temperature increases >3°C, primate hotspots in the Neotropics are expected to be particularly vulnerable. Our study highlights the fundamental exposure risk of a large percentage of primate ranges to predicted climate and LUC changes. Importantly, our findings underscore the urgency with which climate change mitigation measures need to be implemented to avert primate extinctions on an unprecedented scale.
ENSO and NAO affect long‐term leaf litter dynamics and stoichiometry of Scots pine and European beech mixedwoods
Authors: González de Andrés Ester , Blanco Juan A. , Imbert J. Bosco , Guan Biing T. , Lo Yueh‐Hsin , Castillo Federico J. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractLitterfall dynamics (production, seasonality and nutrient composition) are key factors influencing nutrient cycling. Leaf litter characteristics are modified by species composition, site conditions and water availability. However, significant evidence on how large‐scale, global circulation patterns affect ecophysiological processes at tree and ecosystem level remains scarce due to the difficulty in separating the combined influence of different factors on local climate and tree phenology. To fill this gap, we studied links between leaf litter dynamics with climate and other forest processes, such as tree‐ring width (TRW) and intrinsic water‐use efficiency (iWUE) in two mixtures of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) in the south‐western Pyrenees. Temporal series (18 years) of litterfall production and elemental chemical composition were decomposed following the ensemble empirical mode decomposition method and relationships with local climate, large‐scale climatic indices, TRW and Scots pine's iWUE were assessed. Temporal trends in N:P ratios indicated increasing P limitation of soil microbes, thus affecting nutrient availability, as the ecological succession from a pine‐dominated to a beech‐dominated forest took place. A significant influence of large‐scale patterns on tree‐level ecophysiology was explained through the impact of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) on water availability. Positive NAO and negative ENSO were related to dry conditions and, consequently, to early needle shedding and increased N:P ratio of both species. Autumn storm activity appears to be related to premature leaf abscission of European beech. Significant cascading effects from large‐scale patterns on local weather influenced pine TRW and iWUE. These variables also responded to leaf stoichiometry fallen 3 years prior to tree‐ring formation. Our results provide evidence of the cascading effect that variability in global climate circulation patterns can have on ecophysiological processes and stand dynamics in mixed forests.
Assessing long‐term care risk in older individuals with possible cognitive decline: A large population‐based study using the Kihon Checklist
Authors: Kojima Shinsuke , Murotani Kenta , Zhou Bin , Kothari Kavita U , Fukushima Masanori , Nagai Yoji 
Published: May 2019

AimThe present population‐based study investigated the predictive ability of the Kihon Checklist (a self‐reported frailty questionnaire) and the cognitive domain therein for incident long‐term care need certification. This is the first large population‐based study to investigate an association between the Kihon Checklist and the outcome measure, long‐term care need certification.MethodsThe study population consisted of community‐dwelling citizens aged >65 years who responded to the Kihon Checklist in Kobe City. The Kihon Checklist is a simple 26‐item questionnaire to identify frail citizens, including three items (Q18‐20) on subjective cognitive function (the cognitive domain).ResultsA total of 182 099 citizens were included for statistical analysis. The overall incidence of long‐term care need certification was 1.6%, 3.5% and 5.4% at 1, 2 and 3 years. Associations were found between the Kihon Checklist questions and long‐term care need certification. Furthermore, each unfavorable answer on the cognitive domain was associated with the risk for long‐term care need (HR 1.493 for Q18, 1.285 for Q19, 1.321 for Q20, all P < 0.0001), independent of age, sex and other items on the Kihon Checklist. Also, after 3 years, as the number of unfavorable answers to the cognitive domain increased from 0 to 1, 2 and 3, the incidence of long‐term care need certification progressively increased from 3.5% to 6.4%, 12.6% and 29.6%.ConclusionsThe Kihon Checklist, especially the cognitive domain therein, appears to be predictive of long‐term care need in community‐dwelling citizens, suggesting the potential utility of the questionnaire for early detection of high‐risk individuals. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2019; 19: 598–603.
Low‐volume resistance training improves the functional capacity of older individuals with Parkinson's disease
Authors: Leal Leon CP , Abrahin Odilon , Rodrigues Rejane P , da Silva Maria CR , Araújo Ana PM , de Sousa Evitom C , Pimentel Clebson P , Cortinhas‐Alves Erik A 
Published: May 2019

AimTo evaluate the effects of low‐volume resistance training on the physical and functional capacity of older patients with Parkinson's disease.MethodsA total of 54 patients (aged ≥60 years) were randomly divided into two groups: (i) a control group comprising 13 men and 14 women; and (ii) a resistance training group with 14 men and 13 women. The resistance training group, in addition to maintaining their pharmacological treatments, carried out 6 months of resistance training twice a week, whereas the control group maintained their pharmacological treatments. Handgrip strength, flexibility, aerobic endurance, gait speed and balance were assessed in both groups.ResultsAfter 6 months, patient functionality in the control group was reduced, whereas patients who carried out low training volumes showed significantly improved flexibility (Pre × Post: P = 0.008), aerobic resistance (Pre × Post: P = 0.006), gait speed (Pre × Post: P = 0.006) and balance (Pre × Post: P = 0.043). Significant improvement (P = 0.042) was also observed in right handgrip strength in the resistance training group.ConclusionsThe results of the present study showed that low‐volume resistance training improves the physical capacity of older people with Parkinson's disease. Therefore, we suggest that resistance training be a central component in exercise programs for patients with Parkinson's disease. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2019; 19: 635–640.
Microstructure and mechanical properties of reaction‐hot‐pressed zirconium diboride based ceramics
Authors: Neuman Eric W. , Fahrenholtz William G. , Hilmas Gregory E. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractZrB2 ceramics were prepared by in‐situ reaction hot pressing of ZrH2 and B. Additions of carbon and excess boron were used to react with and remove the residual oxygen present in the starting powders. Additions of tungsten were utilized to make a ZrB2‐4 mol%W ceramic, while a change in the B/C ratio was used to produce a ZrB2‐10 vol% ZrC ceramic. All three compositions reached near full density. The baseline ZrB2 and ZrB2–ZrC composition contained a residual oxide phase and ZrC inclusions, while the W‐doped composition contained residual carbon and a phase that contained tungsten and boron. All three compositions exhibited similar values for flexure strength (~520 MPa), Vickers hardness (~15 GPa), and elastic modulus (~500 to 540 GPa). Fracture toughness was about 2.6 MPa m1/2 for the W‐doped ZrB2 compared to about 3.8 MPa m½ for the ZrB2 and ZrB2–ZrC ceramics. This decrease in fracture toughness was accompanied by an observed absence of crack deflection in the W‐doped ZrB2 compared with the other compositions. The study demonstrated that reaction‐hot‐pressing can be used to fabricate ZrB2 based ceramics containing solid solution additives or second phases with comparable mechanical properties.
Effect of TiO2addition on microstructure and mechanical properties of alumina‐based cores prepared by sol‐gel method
Authors: Shabani Shaghayegh , Naghizadeh Rahim , Golestanifard Farhad , Fallah Vostakola Mohsen , Ghasemi Ebrahim 
Published: May 2019

AbstractAlumina‐based ceramic cores have widespread applications especially in the investment casting of turbine blades due to chemical inertness with most of the superalloys, capability of machining in the green state, and their mechanical stability at high temperatures. The present work studied the effects of TiO2addition to the alumina‐based cores. These cores were prepared via the sol‐gel method process by mixing alumina powders with NH4Cl and silica sol. The effects of adding different amounts of titania from 5 to 30 wt% and different sintering procedures on mechanical, physical, thermal, chemical, and microstructural features of the bodies were investigated. According to the results of rheology measurements of the slurries and flexural strength of the green bodies, the suitable amount of solid loading was 45 vol. %. The results showed that there is an optimum content for TiO2addition. The specimen contained 15 wt. % titania and sintered at 1400°C for 2 hours had the thermal expansion coefficient as low as 4.8 × 10−6/°C (25‐900°C), suitable mechanical properties as a result of tialite formation, and apparent porosity of 28 vol. %, respectively. The result of creep deformation test showed that this specimen had near zero deformation at 1650°C.
Paradoxes and Dual Processes: A Review and Synthesis
Authors: Keller Josh , Sadler‐Smith Eugene 
Published: May 2019

AbstractParadox and dual‐process theories are used by management and organization researchers in studying a variety of phenomena across a wide range of management sub‐fields. Cognition is a focal point of both of these theories. However, despite their growing importance and shared areas of inquiry, these two theories have developed largely in isolation from each other. To address this lack of integration, the authors conducted a review and synthesis of relevant aspects of the paradox and dual‐process literatures. Focusing bidirectionally on how paradox theory informs dual‐process theory and how dual‐process theory informs paradox theory, they highlight the ‘nestedness’ of intuition and analysis in paradox (a paradox within paradoxical thinking). On the basis of the review and synthesis, they identify four themes (epistemological and ontological assumptions in the relationship between intuition and analysis; psychological and psychometric issues in the relationships between intuition and analysis; managers’ experiences of tensions between intuition and analysis; managers’ approaches to tensions between intuition and analysis) and introduce an integrative framework that assimilates these two perspectives and sets out an agenda for future research and implications for management.
On the Use of Paradox for Generating Theoretical Contributions in Management and Organization Research
Authors: De Keyser Bart , Guiette Alain , Vandenbempt Koen 
Published: May 2019

AbstractAlthough research relating to paradox has burgeoned throughout the past decades, how paradox has been used in generating theoretical contributions remains largely tacit. Hinging on the systematic analysis of 476 publications, this literature review uncovers how scholars have leveraged paradox in demarcating theoretical contributions in the area of management and organization research. First, scholars can make use of paradox as a means to theorize, adding to the core conceptual conversation on paradox. Second, scholars can make use of paradox as a means to understand or advance insight on particular phenomena, drawing from paradox's conceptual knowledge to push forth discussions or debates in other strands of the management and organization field. Finally, scholars can make use of paradox as a way to verbalize something puzzling or surprising, supporting how readers are to appreciate or make sense of theoretical contributions advanced. Denoting approaches identified as highly complementary, this paper offers explicit handholds for academics to develop theoretical contributions through paradox, supporting the consolidation and further elevation of scholarly impact for the paradox community as such.
Discharge planning in mental healthcare settings: A review and concept analysis
Authors: Xiao Sarah , Tourangeau Ann , Widger Kimberley , Berta Whitney 
Published: May 2019

AbstractTo ensure a safe transition of mental health patients from hospital to community settings, greater attention is being given to discharge planning. However, assessing the quality of discharge planning has been challenging due to wide variations in its definition. To facilitate evaluation of discharge planning, its meaning in the mental health literature was systematically explored. This concept analysis is part of a larger study to develop an instrument to measure the quality of discharge planning processes in mental health care. Walker and Avant's (2011) concept analysis approach was adopted to provide a comprehensive definition of discharge planning. Electronic databases and grey literature were searched and analysed according to Grant and Booth's (2009) systematic search and review process. Literature published between 1900 and 2018 was reviewed. Forty‐nine articles meeting the inclusion criteria were included in the analysis. Discharge planning is a complex, multifaceted concept with six defining attributes: comprehensive needs assessment; collaborative, patient‐centered care; resource availability management; care and service coordination; discharge planner role; and a discharge plan. Discharge planning begins with the initial rapid assessment and symptom stabilization of a patient on admission, coincides with treatment planning, and is associated with hospital readmissions and continuity of care. The mental health literature was reviewed to analyse different interpretations of discharge planning. The conceptual definition provided can assist healthcare providers, organizational leaders, and policymakers to design and implement effective discharge planning policies and guidelines. Providing clarity regarding discharge planning also provides a critical foundation for developing an instrument.