bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An inconsequential overdose
Authors: Woodward Robert 
Published: October 2018

THIS series gives readers the opportunity to consider and contribute to discussion of some of the ethical dilemmas that can arise in veterinary practice. Each month, a case scenario is presented, followed by discussion of some of the issues involved.In addition, a possible way forward is suggested; however, there is rarely a cut‐and‐dried answer in such cases, and readers may wish to suggest an alternative approach. This month's dilemma, ‘An inconsequential overdose’, was submitted and is discussed by Robert Woodward. Readers with comments to contribute are invited to send them as soon as possible, so that they can be considered for publication in the next issue.The series is being coordinated by Dr Steven McCulloch, acting director of the Centre for Animal Welfare, University of Winchester. It aims to provide a framework that will help practising veterinarians find solutions when facing similar dilemmas.
Estudo da vulnerabilidade à contaminação na porção norte da Bacia Hidrográfica do Ribeirão Claro, SP
Authors: Sisto Felipe Pereira de , Reis Fábio Augusto Gomes Vieira , Giordano Lucilia Do Carmo , Oliveira Alan De 
Published: October 2018

Pelo fato de o Aquífero Rio Claro ser um aquífero livre e de estar relativamente próximo da superfície, acaba se tornando susceptível à infiltração de contaminantes das mais variadas fontes. O presente artigo apresenta um estudo sobre a vulnerabilidade das camadas superficiais dos perfis de alteração da Formação Rio Claro na porção norte da Bacia Hidrográfica do Ribeirão Claro. Como produto principal, foi gerado um mapa de vulnerabilidade à contaminação, na escala 1:50.000, que correlaciona a geologia e o uso e ocupação do solo na área. Além disso, foram realizados ensaios geotécnicos in situ com o permeâmetro de Guelph e a coleta de amostras deformadas e indeformadas de solos pertencentes à Formação Rio Claro para a realização de ensaios geotécnicos para obtenção dos índices físicos e de granulometria e sedimentação. Com os resultados obtidos foi possível observar uma heterogeneidade nos valores de condutividade hidráulica nos solos da Formação Rio Claro, reflexo de sua composição também variada. A vulnerabilidade à contaminação observada neste estudo foi, em geral, alta para toda a área do aquífero.
GENDER GAP IN SMOKING: A NONLINEAR DECOMPOSITION ANALYSIS FOR TURKEY
Authors: PEKKURNAZ Didem , ELİTAŞ Zeynep 
Published: October 2018

This paper aims to analyze the determinants of gender gap in smoking and compare the results between 2008 and 2012, the period of National Tobacco Control Action Plan. We apply the extended Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition using the Global Adult Tobacco Survey. We find that the percentage of the smoking differential explained is sensitive to the choice of the reference coefficients. Moreover, an inclusion of attitude toward tobacco law and tax variables increases the percentage of the explained differential when females and males differ only with respect to the differences in the observed characteristics. Results show that females and males respond differently to the changes in the factors of smoking. In addition, decomposition analysis reveals that contributions of the significant factors associated with gender gap in smoking differ between 2008 and 2012.
Automated Glider Tracking of a California Undercurrent Eddy Using the Extended Kalman Filter
Authors: Pelland Noel A. , Bennett James S. , Steinberg Jacob M. , Eriksen Charles C. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractAutomated feature tracking and vehicle navigation have the potential to facilitate autonomous surveys of ocean eddies by increasing sampling quality and/or decreasing operator workload. During an observational campaign in late 2013 and early 2014, methods for automated tracking were used to direct multiple ocean gliders during persistent surveys of a California Undercurrent eddy in Washington and British Columbia, Canada, coastal waters over a 3-month period. Glider observations of depth-averaged currents in the ocean’s upper kilometer and vertical separation of selected isopycnals were assimilated into a simple model describing eddy position, size, strength, and background flows using an extended Kalman filter. Though differing in detail from observations, results show the assumed eddy structure was sufficient to describe its essential characteristics and stably estimate eddy position through time. Forecast eddy positions and currents were used to select targets automatically to guide multiple gliders along transects through the eddy center as it translated. Transects performed under automated navigation had comparable or better straightness and distance from the eddy center when compared to navigation based on manual interpretation of the eddy scale and position. The tracking results were relatively insensitive to model choices at times when the eddy was well sampled, but they were more sensitive during sampling gaps and redundancies or rapid eddy translation. Overall, the results provide evidence that automated tracking and navigation are feasible with potential for widespread application in autonomous eddy surveys.
Increased use of illicit drugs in a Dutch cluster headache population
Authors: de Coo Ilse F , Naber Willemijn C , Wilbrink Leopoldine A , Haan Joost , Ferrari Michel D , Fronczek Rolf 
Published: October 2018

Introduction Many patients with cluster headache report use of illicit drugs. We systematically assessed the use of illicit drugs and their effects in a well-defined Dutch cluster headache population. Methods In this cross-sectional explorative study, 756 people with cluster headache received a questionnaire on lifetime use and perceived effects of illicit drugs. Results were compared with age and sex-matched official data from the Dutch general population. Results Compared to the data from the general population, there were more illicit drug users in the cluster headache group (31.7% vs. 23.8%; p < 0.01). Reduction in attack frequency was reported by 56% (n = 22) of psilocybin mushroom, 60% (n = 3) of lysergic acid diethylamide and 50% (n = 2) of heroin users, and a decreased attack duration was reported by 46% (n = 18) of PSI, 50% (n = 2) of heroin and 36% (n = 8) of amphetamine users. Conclusion In the Netherlands, people with cluster headache use illicit drugs more often than the general population. The question remains whether this is due to an actual alleviatory effect, placebo response, conviction, or common pathophysiological background between cluster headache and addictive behaviours such as drug use.
A direct aspiration first pass technique with the new ARC catheter for thrombectomy of large vessel occlusion strokes: A multicenter study
Authors: De Marini Pierre , Nayak Sanjeev , Zhu François , Bracard Serge , Anxionnat René , Tonnelet Romain , Liao Liang , Richard Sébastien , Humbertjean Lisa , Mione Gioia , Lacour Jean-Christophe , Derelle Anne-Laure , Gory Benjamin 
Published: October 2018

Background and purpose A direct aspiration first pass technique involves first-line aspiration to remove the thrombus through a large-bore aspiration catheter in large vessel strokes. The aim of this study was to assess safety and clinical outcomes with a direct aspiration first pass technique using the new ARC catheter. Methods A retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data from three university hospitals was performed between June 2016 and May 2018. The following parameters of all acute ischemic stroke interventions using the ARC catheter were analyzed: use of intravenous thrombolysis, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale scores at presentation and discharge, successful reperfusion (modified Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction 2b–3), procedure duration, procedure-related complications and 90-day clinical outcome (modified Rankin Scale score). Results In total, 41 patients were included in the study and anterior circulation occlusion was noted in 35 (85%). The median National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale at admission was 18 and prior intravenous thrombolysis was administered in 35 patients (85%). Only six (15%) patients required the use of a rescue stent retriever. Successful reperfusion was achieved in 40 patients (98%) with a median procedure time of 32 minutes. No catheter-related complications were observed. Symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage occurred in one patient (2%). Median National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale at discharge was 3; 49% were independent and 10% died at 90 days. Conclusions In the present study, the ARC catheter allowed a 98% successful reperfusion rate. The complication rate was in line with those of previous a direct aspiration first pass technique publications.
Severe Acute Kidney Injury and Multiple Organ Failure in a 17-Day-Old Newborn: When Pathology Makes the Difference
Authors: Gaudreault-Tremblay Marie-Michèle , Litalien Catherine , Patey Natalie , Merouani Aicha 
Published: October 2018

Rationale: Acute tubulointerstitial nephritis (ATIN) in children is most commonly due to allergic drug reactions. In neonates, diagnosis of ATIN is clinically suspected and a kidney biopsy is not routinely performed. Presenting concern: A 17-day-old newborn presented with vomiting and dehydration, along with anuric acute kidney injury, severe electrolyte disturbances, hypocomplementemia, and thrombocytopenia. Abdominal ultrasound revealed bilateral nephromegaly and hepatosplenomegaly. The patient was promptly started on intravenous (IV) fluid and broad-spectrum antibiotics. His electrolyte disturbances were corrected as per standard guidelines. The rapid progressive clinical deterioration despite maximal treatment and the unclear etiology influenced the decision to proceed to a kidney biopsy. Histopathological findings revealed diffuse interstitial edema with a massive polymorphic cellular infiltrate and destruction of tubular structures, consistent with severe ATIN. Elements of thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) were observed. Diagnosis: The clinical presentation combined with imaging and histopathological findings was suggestive of ATIN caused by a severe acute bacterial pyelonephritis. Intervention: Methylprednisolone pulses followed by oral prednisolone were administered. Antibiotics were continued for 10 days. The patient was kept on invasive mechanical ventilation and on peritoneal dialysis for 12 days. Outcome: His condition stabilized following steroid pulses. His renal function progressively improved, and renal replacement therapy was weaned off. His renal ultrasound normalized. He has maintained a normal blood pressure, urinalysis, and renal function over the past 5 years. Novel finding: This case reports a severe presentation of acute bacterial pyelonephritis in a neonate. It highlighted the involvement of complement activation in severe infectious process. Histopathological findings of ATIN and TMA played a crucial role in understanding the physiopathology and severity of the disease.
Does Patient Experience Predict 30‐Day Readmission? A Patient‐Level Analysis of HCAHPS Data
Authors: Siddiqui Zishan , Berry Stephen , Bertram Amanda , Allen Lisa , Hoyer Erik , Durkin Nowella , Qayyum Rehan , Wick Elizabeth , Pronovost Peter , Brotman Daniel J. 
Published: October 2018

BACKGROUNDHospital‐level studies have found an inverse relationship between patient experience and readmissions. However, based on typical survey response time, it is unclear if patients are able to respond to surveys before they get readmitted and whether being readmitted might be a driver of poor experience scores (reverse causation).OBJECTIVEUsing patient‐level Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (HCHAPS) and Press Ganey data to examine the relationship between readmissions and experience scores and to distinguish between patients who responded before or after a subsequent readmission.DESIGNRetrospective analysis of 10‐year HCAHPS data.SETTINGSingle tertiary care academic hospital.PARTICIPANTSPatients readmitted within 30 days of an index hospitalization who received an HCAHPS survey linked to index admission comprised the exposure group. This group was divided into those who responded prior to readmission and those who responded after readmission. Nonreadmitted patients comprised the control group.ANALYSISMultivariable‐logistic regression to analyze the association between HCHAPS and Press Ganey scores and 30‐readmission status, adjusted for patient factors.RESULTSOnly 15.8% of the readmitted patients responded to the survey prior to readmission, and their scores were not significantly different from the nonreadmitted patients. The patients who responded after readmission were significantly more dissatisfied with physicians (doctors listened 73.0% versus 79.2%, adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 0.75, P < .0001), staff responsiveness, (call button 50.0% vs 59.1%, aOR 0.71, P < .0001) pain control, discharge plan, noise, and cleanliness of the hospital.CONCLUSIONOur findings suggest that poor patient experience may be due to being readmitted, rather than being predictive of readmission.
Trauma radiology in the UK: an overview
Authors: Chance Tom , Haines Isabel , Graham Richard 
Published: October 2018

NHS Choices defines ‘major trauma’ as multiple, serious injuries that could result in disability or death. Worldwide, trauma is the leading cause of death and disability in people under 40 years of age. The National Audit Office estimates that there are at least 20 000 major trauma cases in England every year, resulting in 5400 deaths and leaving many others with serious permanent disability. Because the incidence of trauma is particularly high in younger patients, an average of 36 life years is lost for every trauma death ( Chaira and Cimbanassi, 2003 ). The landscape in major trauma imaging has evolved over the last 30 years, and this review chronicles these changes and the reasons for them, and looks at how the current guidelines have been formulated.
The diagnostic yield of computed tomography in the management of acute flank pain and the emergency intervention rate for a proven acute ureteric stone
Authors: Keoghane S , Austin T , Coode-Bate J , Deverill S , Drake T , Sanpera-Iglesias J , Johnston T 
Published: October 2018

Introduction The diagnostic and management pathways for patients presenting with acute flank pain are complex. Although computed tomography (CT) of the kidneys, ureters and bladder (KUB) is the gold standard investigation for urolithiasis, the multitude of differential diagnoses must also be considered in the context of long-term risk from ionising radiation. This study investigated the integrated role and diagnostic yield of non-contrast CT in cases of acute flank pain. Methods A retrospective cohort study was undertaken of 1,442 consecutive patients investigated with CT KUB between March 2013 and February 2015. The primary outcome was diagnostic yield of CT with secondary outcomes being predictors of need for urological intervention. Results A cause for acute flank pain was identified in 717 patients (50%), there was an incidental finding in 389 patients (27%) and normal imaging was reported in 336 patients (23%). A diagnosis was more commonly made in male than in female patients (70% vs 40%) and with increasing age (46% in patients aged <30 years, 56% in those aged 30–49 years and 63% in those aged ≥50 years). The overall rate for an ipsilateral urinary tract stone was 41%. Factors strongly associated with emergency intervention included stone size >10mm (odds ratio [OR]: 11.7, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.3–42.7), stones located at the pelviureteric junction (OR: 7.8, 95% CI: 2.6–22.9), C-reactive protein >50mg/l and ≤100mg/l (OR: 15.2, 95% CI: 5.1–45.3), and estimated glomerular filtration rate ≤30ml/min (OR: 5.8, 95% CI: 1.5–21.8). Conclusions This contemporary study identifies age and sex as independent variables affecting the diagnostic yield of CT KUB in cases of acute flank pain, and highlights factors associated with a need for emergency intervention in proven ureteric stones.
Inter-Ethnic Friendship and Hostility between Roma and non-Roma Students in Hungary: The Role of Exposure and Academic Achievement
Authors: Hajdu Tamás , Kertesi Gábor , Kézdi Gábor 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
This study examines friendship and hostility relations between Roma students and the ethnically homogeneous non-Roma majority in Hungarian schools. Using data on friendship and hostility relations of 15-year-old students from 82 schools, the study focuses on the interaction between exposure to the other ethnic group and academic achievement of Roma students. High-achieving Roma students are shown to have significantly more friends and fewer adversaries than low-achieving ones, due to better inter-ethnic relations while having similar within-ethnic group relations. As a result, higher exposure to Roma students translates to more friendship and less hostility from non-Roma students in environments where more of the Roma students have higher achievement. Therefore, policies helping the achievement of Roma students can have immediate as well as long-term positive effects. Simulations suggest that a mixed policy of desegregation and closing the achievement gap may best foster positive inter-ethnic relations.
Non-invasive improved technique for lumbar discus hernia classification based on fuzzy logic
Authors: Peulić Aleksandar , Šušteršič Tijana , Peulić Miodrag 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThis paper presents the improved technique for classification of the type of lumbar discus hernia based on fuzzy logic. The reduced mobility of the foot is one of the symptoms of the disease that occurs because of the displaced discs in the space of two vertebrae. This fact was used for non-invasive discus hernia diagnosis by measuring force values from four sensors placed on both feet (first, second and fourth metatarsal head as well as the heel). Hardware and software systems were constructed for the doctor to perform the measurements and have a graphical representation during the measuring procedure. The procedure included measuring force values of 18 subjects during normal standing, standing on forefeet and heels. All subjects were diagnosed by a specialist with either L4/L5 or L5/S1 discus hernia. Filtering and further preprocessing of acquired values included separation of forefeet and heel segments that were used as inputs to fuzzy system. The results showed that the accuracy of such a fuzzy system was around 72%, and the proposed system correctly recognizes healthy individuals. Obtained information about forces on characteristic points on the foot represents useful data in diagnosis which further can be processed in order to be a supportive tool to doctors.
Cardiac troponin and natriuretic peptide analytical interferences from hemolysis and biotin: educational aids from the IFCC Committee on Cardiac Biomarkers (IFCC C-CB)
Authors: Saenger Amy K. , Jaffe Allan S. , Body Richard , Collinson Paul O. , Kavsak Peter A. , Lam Carolyn S.P. , Lefèvre Guillaume , Omland Tobjørn , Ordóñez-Llanos Jordi , Pulkki Kari , Apple Fred S. 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Two interferences recently brought to the forefront as patient safety issues include hemolysis (hemoglobin) and biotin (vitamin B7). The International Federation for Clinical Chemistry Committee on Cardiac Biomarkers (IFCC-CB) obtained input from a majority of cTn and NP assay manufacturers to collate information related to high-sensitivity (hs)-cTnI, hs-cTnT, contemporary, and POC cTn assays, and NP assays interferences due to hemolysis and biotin. The information contained in these tables was designed as educational tools to aid laboratory professionals and clinicians in troubleshooting cardiac biomarker analytical results that are discordant with the clinical situation.
General properties and comparison of the corrosion inhibition efficiencies of the triazole derivatives for mild steel
Authors: Faisal Muhammad , Saeed Aamer , Shahzad Danish , Abbas Nadir , Ali Larik Fayaz , Ali Channar Pervaiz , Abdul Fattah Tanzeela , Muhammad Khan Dost , Aaliya Shehzadi Syeda 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Mild steel (MS) corrosion is a worldwide issue that greatly affects the industrial and natural environment. To extend the lifespan of appliances, the control of MS corrosion is necessary. To shield MS from corrosion, specifically from acidic conditions, one of the practical and finest approaches is the application of inhibitors. Triazole derivatives are eco-friendly corrosion inhibitors (CIs) having inconsequential toxicities, excellent inhibition efficiencies (IEs) against corrosion of MS, and extremely high cost-effectiveness. This critical review discusses the general effect of temperature, concentration, time after the application of CI, and type of acid on the IE of triazole derivatives. Further, the review provides an adequate amount of information about the features of excellent CIs; a summary of the reported properties of triazole-based inhibitors, CIs in industries, and current requirements of industries; and recommendations and implications for researchers to improve IE. Additionally, the review also illustrates the mechanisms of action and the IEs, which are evaluated from potentiodynamic polarization parameters, in various acidic media and concentrations of triazole inhibitors. By IE correlation with numerous concentrations and acidic conditions, this review is advantageous and helpful for synthetic chemists to expand the diversity and complexity of a class of triazole derivatives by synthesizing new triazole derivatives.
The formal Kuranishi parameterization via the universal homological perturbation theory solution of the deformation equation
Authors: Huebschmann Johannes 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Using homological perturbation theory, we develop a formal version of the miniversal deformation associated with a deformation problem controlled by a differential graded Lie algebra over a field of characteristic zero. Our approach includes a formal version of the Kuranishi method in the theory of deformations of complex manifolds.
Algorithms in A
∞-algebras
Authors: Vejdemo-Johansson Mikael 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Based on Kadeishvili’s original theorem inducing

A
∞

{A_{\infty}}

-algebra structures on the homology of dg-algebras, several directions of algorithmic research in

A
∞

{A_{\infty}}

-algebras have been pursued.
In this paper, we survey the work done on calculating explicit

A
∞

{A_{\infty}}

-algebra structures from homotopy retractions, in group cohomology and in persistent homology.
Synthesis, characterization and computational studies of 2-cyano-6-methoxybenzothiazole as a firefly-luciferin precursor
Authors: Shahmoradi Ghasem , Amani Saeid 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
A novel approach to the synthesis of 2-cyano-6-methoxybenzothiazole via the Cu-catalyzed cyanation of 2-iodo-6-methoxybenzothiazole was developed. K4[Fe(CN)6] was used as a source of cyanide, and a Cu/N,N,N′,N′-tetramethylethylenediamine (TMEDA) system was utilized as a catalyst. This approach is scalable and can be practiced with operational benign. The most stable conformation of 2-cyano-6-methoxybenzothiazole was delineated using the density functional theory (DFT)/B3LYP method with 6-311++G(d, p) basis set.