bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical and Epidemiologic Profile of Chronic Pancreatitis, A Retrospective Study in Eastern Nepal
Authors: Sharma Rabin , Pradhan Bikram , Karki Prahlad , Subedi Manish 
Published: April 2019

Background and Aims: Chronic pancreatitis is a condition characterized by chronic inflammatory and fibrotic changes in the pancreas leading to irreversible parenchymal damage and loss of glandular function. This retrospective study was conducted to study the clinic-epidemiologic profile of chronic pancreatitis in eastern Nepal.
Methods: All adult patients admitted with chronic pancreatitis from June 2014 to June 2016 were included in this study. Data pertaining to demographics and clinical profile was obtained by retrospective chart review.
Results: A total of (n=55) patients were enrolled in the study with a median age of 28 years. Idiopathic pancreatitis was the most common form of chronic pancreatitis (n= 37, 67.3%) and alcoholic chronic pancreatitis accounted for about a third of cases (n=18, 32.7%). Abdominal pain was a presenting symptom in all the cases (n=55,100%). Thirty-seven patients (67.3%) had diabetes mellitus. Ductal dilatation (n=55,100%) and calculi (n=43, 83.6%) were the most common findings on imaging using ultrasonography and Computed tomographic scan of abdomen). All the patients were receiving medical therapy. Most patients receiving medical therapy were on opioids (n=37, 67.3%) or pancreatic supplements (n=18, 32.7%). Complications were seen in only nine patients (16.4%). All of them had pseudocyst.
Conclusions: In this study, idiopathic chronic pancreatitis (CP) was observed as the most common etiologic form of CP unlike CP related to alcohol use in other similar studies. CP related to alcohol use was seen as the second most common etiologic form. Diabetes was the most commonly associated comorbidity in our CP cohort. This study was performed in a small study population and is limited by several factors including statistical power. Larger studies are warranted to study the etiologic forms and outcomes of CP in Nepalese population.
Post exposure prophylaxis for occupational and non occupational exposure to HIV in a tertiary care hospital in central Nepal
Authors: Shrestha Rakshya , Sharma Sashi , Khadga Prem , Sayami Matina , Chitrakar Uma , Dhungana Govinda Prasad 
Published: April 2019

Introduction: Post exposure prophylaxis (PEP) to HIV is the short term use of prescribed dose of antiretroviral therapy among persons exposed to high risk behaviors in order to prevent them from HIV infection. While occupationally exposed cases among health care workers are the major target of PEP, it is equally applicable to non occupational exposure to HIV including sexually exposed cases. This study was carried out to know the current scenario of PEP for HIV in terms of various determinants/ risk factors and outcomes of HIV positivity after prophylaxis.
Methods: A prospective study was carried out by Antiretroviral therapy center of Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital. The study period was between August 2006 and September 2016. Altogether 50 cases exposed to known HIV seropositive persons were included in this study.
Results: The majority of the occupationally exposures were interns (48.6%), followed by staff nurse (18.9%), CMLT student (13.5%), hospital staff (10.8%) and resident doctor (8.1%). Majority (70.3%) were exposed to needle prick injury. Six-month follow-up showed zero seroconversion for HIV ELISA among the exposed cases.
Conclusion: Intern constituted the greater proportion of health care workers exposed to accidental needle stick injury. Timely administration of prophylaxis might have resulted zero seroconversion for HIV ELISA among the exposed cases.
सेनकालीन पाल्पाको संस्कृति : एक ऐतिहासिक विवेचना Sekalin Palpako Sanskriti: Ek Aaitihasik Vivechana
Authors: बानियाँ Baniya कर्णबहादुर Karnabahadur 
Published: April 2019

Not available.
उपलब्ध छैन ।
A Study of Reservoir Volume and Its Inundated RMs of Budhi Gandaki Hydropower Project with Respect to Dam Height Variation
Authors: Prajapati Raghu Nath , Miya Abdul Hai , Raut Bhagwati , Aryal Aayukta Raman , Shrestha Beebas 
Published: April 2019

Water resources are the most important natural resources as they are renewable natural resources and also abundantly available in the context of our country. It has huge number of large rivers and streams which has got very high potential of generating hydroelectricity. Construction of any civil engineering structure is not only fully about the design on which it based on but also the impact it does to the surrounding of it. Huge civil engineering structure like Budhi Gandaki hydropower project is a proper demand for the country like ours. Budhi Gandaki Hydropower project site is west of Kathmandu having £576261 and N3079050. The project has the huge potential of generating about 1200 MW which is obtained by constructing a high rise dam height of 263m. In "A Study of Reservoir Volume and its Inundated RMs of Budhi Gandaki Hydropower Project with Respect to Dam Height Variation", the analysis was done with the help GIS to find out various inundation nature of the reservoir at dam height variation and even DEM of the Nepal was used to find the catchment area, inundation area, inundation volume and affected RMs of the project.
EVALUATION OF GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF RAT PUPS, PRENATALLY EXPOSED TO LAPROL-604
Authors: Popova T. M. 
Published: April 2019

The article introduces findings of the study on surfactant-induced effects on the growth and maturation of rat pups, prenatally exposed to Laprol-604. The adverse influence of Laprol-604 exposure on rat fetuses was identified in the immediate postnatal period (0-3 days) and later. Laprol-604 induced neonatal mortality within the period of three days, reduced litter size, resulted in low-birth-weight of progeny and a decrease in body weight gain in rat pups. Somatic growth retardation produced by Laprol-604 persisted during postnatal period and was accompanied by a delay in integumental morphogenesis of rat pups. Closer examination revealed an impact of Laprol-604 on delayed opening of the external auditory canal, resulting in an altered sequence of craniofacial development, such as the time of eyelid opening, incisor eruption. Maternal Laprol-604 exposure adversely affected the release and erection of the pinna. In summary, Laprol-604 had dosage-dependent developmental toxicity effect on progeny of female rats exposed to Laprol-604 during gestational period.
Millet, Wheat, and Society in North China over the Very Long Term
Authors: He Hongzhong , Lawson Joseph , Bell Martin , Hui Fuping 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
This paper outlines a very longue durée history of three of North China's most important cereal crops: broomcorn millet, foxtail millet, and wheat. It illustrates their place within broader social-environmental formations, highlighting the various biological and cultural factors that enabled the spread of these crops, as well as the ways in which these crops and the patterns in which they are grown influenced North China's economic and social history. We demonstrate that a very long-run approach raises new questions and clarifies the significance of particular transitions. The article charts the transition from broomcorn to foxtail millet cultivation in the late Neolithic, and then the rise of wheat in the first millennium ce. It shows that efforts to spread winter wheat met some resistance from farming communities, and presents the hypothesis that the different processing technologies for wheat and millet may have played a role in the divergence of different Eurasian societies. Finally the article considers the debate over the spread of multiple-cropping systems to North China.
A 2.5-Year Longitudinal Assessment of Naturalistic Driving in Preclinical Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Roe Catherine M. , Stout Sarah H. , Rajasekar Ganesh , Ances Beau M. , Jones Jessica M. , Head Denise , Benzinger Tammie L.S. , Williams Monique M. , Davis Jennifer Duncan , Ott Brian R. , Warren David K. , Babulal Ganesh M. 
Published: April 2019

Background: Emerging evidence shows that cognitively normal older adults with preclinical Alzheimer’s disease (AD) make more errors and are more likely to receive a marginal/fail rating on a standardized road test compared to older adults without preclinical AD, but the extent to which preclinical AD impacts everyday driving behavior is unknown. Objective: To examine self-reported and naturalistic longitudinal driving behavior among persons with and without preclinical AD. Method: We prospectively followed cognitively normal drivers (aged 65 + years) with ( n = 10) and without preclinical AD ( n = 10) for 2.5 years. Preclinical AD was assessed using amyloid positron emission tomography (PET) with Pittsburgh Compound B. The Driving Habits Questionnaire assessed self-reported driving outcomes. Naturalistic driving was captured using a commercial GPS data logger plugged into the on-board diagnostics II port of each participant’s vehicle. Data were sampled every 30 seconds and all instances of speeding, hard braking, and sudden acceleration were recorded. Results: Preclinical AD participants went to fewer places/unique destinations, traveled fewer days, and took fewer trips than participants without preclinical AD. The preclinical AD group reported a smaller driving space, greater dependence on other drivers, and more difficulty driving due to vision difficulties. Persons with preclinical AD had fewer trips with any aggression and showed a greater decline across the 2.5-year follow-up period in the number of days driving per month and the number of trips between 1–5 miles. Conclusion: Changes in driving occur even during the preclinical stage of AD.
Integral characteristic of the immune system state predicts breast cancer outcome
Authors: Stakheyeva M. , Eidenzon D. , Slonimskaya E. , Patysheva M. , Bogdashin I. , Kolegova E. , Grigoriev E. , Choinzonov E. , Cherdyntseva N. 
Published: April 2019

Summary. The immune system dramatically contributes to the pathogenesis of cancer. An integral estimation of immune system state is considered to be perspective as a prognostic criterion for cancer. We hypothesize that the integral characteristic, uniting numerous parameters of immune response to tumor and presenting the state of the immune system of a cancer patient, may be of prognostic significance. The aim of this work was to verify this hypothesis. Materials and Methods: We have evaluated 17 parameters cha­racterizing key innate and adaptive arms of immune system in 146 patients with primary diagnosed local breast cancer (BC) before cancer treatment. Using the original integrative approach of NovoSpark Corporation (Canada), we have presented the state of the immune system by a single visual image for each patient. Results: We classified all BC patients in two groups: with favorable and unfavorable immune system states according to our previous data demonstrating dramatic differences of the visual images of immune system states in patients with good or poor disease outcomes. Then, we have examined the relationship between integral characteristic of the immune system state and the clinical outcome. The 3-year disease-free survival (DFS) of BC patients with favorable immune system state was more than 96.0% vs 65.4% in patients with unfavorable status (p = 0.00006). Univariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis showed that the integral characteristic of immune system state assessed prior to cancer treatment as unfavorable, was predictive of the poorer DFS (HR = 15.70 [2.15–114.90], p = 0.0007). Conclusion: The integral characteristic of the immune system state is a significant prognostic factor in BC patients. The BC patients with favorable integral immune system state can be considered as a target group for immunotherapeutic approach.
Evaluasi Pengaruh Jumlah dan Posisi Stasiun Curah Hujan pada Simulasi Aliran Limpasan Di Sungai Ping, Thailand
Authors: Trinugroho Muchamad Wahyu 
Published: April 2019

Curah hujan merupakan salah satu faktor penting dalam aliran limpasan. Jumlah dan sebaran stasiun curah berperan dalam analisis transformasi aliran limpasan dalam suatu model hidrologi, maka analisis data hujan perlu dilakukan secara teliti. Namun, dalam suatu Daerah Aliran Sungai (DAS) memiliki jumlah dan sebaran stasiun yang bervariasi. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis seberapa besar pengaruh jumlah dan sebaran stasiun terhadap hujan transfromasi dalam bentuk aliran limpasan menggunakan model hidrologi, HEC-HMS. Lokasi kajian di DAS Mae Chaem Thailand Utara seluas 3.826 km2. Model HEC HMS digunakan untuk kalibrasi parameter model curah hujan limpasan dengan menggunakan keseluruhan stasiun hujan yang ada sejumlah 13 stasiun (kondisi 1), dengan menggunakan curah hujan wilayah metode polygon thiessen. Untuk penyederhanaan, parameter terkalibrasi sebagai input untuk simulasi 6 stasiun hujan dengan nomor stasiun 1, 2, 5, 8, 11, dan 13 (kondisi 2), dan 3 stasiun hujan dengan 3 posisi stasiun yang berbeda (kondisi 3, 4, dan 5). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kalibrasi dari 13 stasiun mempunyai kriteria sangat baik dengan nilai Nash koefisien 0,826. Setelah dilakukan simulasi, kondisi 2 memberikan hasil yang paling baik mendekati nilai pengamatan, dengan R2 = 0,927, sedang nilai korelasi paling rendah kondisi 5 (nomor stasiun 1, 6, dan 11), R2 = 0,795. Sedangkan dari hasil debit hidrograf, kondisi 1 lebih tinggi daripada kondisi 2, baik pola maupun debit puncaknya. Hasil lain menunjukkan simulasi debit puncak kondisi 3 ( nomor stasiun 2, 5, dan 13) memiliki overestimate terhadap debit observasi sedang kondisi 5 menunjukkan hasil underestimate terhadap debit observasi. Secara kesuluruhan hasil simulasi telah memenuhi persyaratan Nash, sedang hasil yang paling baik pada simulasi dengan 6 stasiun (kondisi 2). Dengan demikian jumlah dan posisi stasiun curah hujan memberikan pengaruh dalam pemodelan curah hujan limpasan di Sungai Ping, DAS Mae Caem.
Analisis Stabilitas Lereng pada Longsor Desa Caok, Purworejo, Jawa Tengah
Authors: Hidayat Rokhmat 
Published: April 2019

Longsor telah terjadi pada tanggal 19 Juni 2016 di dusun Caok, Kabupaten Purworejo, Jawa Tengah. Desa Caok masuk dalam wilayah pegunungan Menoreh. Lereng pada lokasi longsor tersebut mayoritas memiliki kemiringan lebih dari 200. Sebelum longsor, terjadi hujan dengan curah hujan mencapai 325 mm/hari. Hal tersebut mengindikasikan bahwa longsor terutama terjadi karena dipicu proses infiltrasi air tanah akibat intensitas hujan yang tinggi, serta lereng yang curam. Dalam penelitian ini dilakukan analisis stabilitas lereng dengan program Plaxis dan Geo-Slope berdasar muka air tanah kemiringan lereng, dan sifat parameter tanah. Data tersebut selanjutnya diolah dengan program Plaxis dan Geo-slope untuk mengetahui stabilitas lereng dan deformasi yang akan terjadi. Batas nilai aman suatu lereng adalah 1,25 (Bowless 1984), tanpa ada gempa. Dari hasil pemodelan Geo-Slope didapatkan angka keamanan 1,162. Pemodelan dengan program Plaxis 0,9522 dengan potensi perpindahan maksimal 205m. Kedua hasil angka keamanan mengindikasikan bahwa lokasi penelitian rawan terjadi longsoran.
Libraries in blogosphere: Modern trends
Authors: Svergunova N. M. 
Published: April 2019

The activities of libraries in blogosphere as a segment of their presence in the media space in respect of realizing a humanistic mission of a library is considered.The statistical data on the quantity of library blogs in 2010–2017 are presented. It is indicated that the total quantity of library blogs increases, but the quantity of those keeping updated at present reduces. The updated blogs (despite of relatively small amount of subscribers) operate actively enough which is proved by the year-to-year growing quantity of posts and users’ responses.The activities university libraries in blogosphere (2016–2018) in respect of contents of content and frequency of its updating, amount of user audience, level of interaction with users and their subject preferences are analyzed. The accent is made on the statement that contents of the majority of blogs is oriented towards education and cultural growth. The importance of interaction with user groups is highlighted. The conclusions are made on the necessity of activating libraries’ activities in blogosphere on the basis of searching the cross points of libraries’ and users’ interests, studying users’ requests and accenting the attention on humanistic principles of the society development.
Digital reading for teaching and learning
Authors: Melenteva Yu. P. 
Published: April 2019

The term “digital reading” is defined. The author proves that digital reading is a natural stage of reading evolution as a civilizing process. Being “the other side” of writing, reading has been reflecting the changes of 5 thousand years of its history. The reading practices have been changing with changing writing practices. Today, as soon as the writing systems has been increasingly digitized and obtained some media features, the reading has been modifying itself, too.Digital reading has become introduced into the sphere of learning and education. Firstly, it is due to the education sector being intensively digitized, and secondly, because the text (which means reading, too) forms the basis for education.The author examines both advantages and risks of digital reading, in particular that of the hypertexts. She argues that student’s mastering digital reading requires to be supported by “a competent adult”. That is why the role of the libraries, and in particular, children’s, school, or academic libraries working in the digital environment, has been significantly increasing.
La calidad del servicio en la mejora de la gestión en la atención al usuario de CNEL EP del cantón Milagro-Ecuador en el año 2018.
Authors: Campos Freire Luis Hernán , Lazo Vento Carlos María 
Published: April 2019

La globalización, tecnología, capacidad y nuevos roles del talento humano en las empresas públicas amerita que se debe cumplir con servicios de calidad, para lo cual debe contar con herramientas necesarias que le permita alcanzar niveles óptimos de satisfacción de los usuarios. Una de estas herramientas es la gestión de calidad en sus procesos administrativos, en el que se enmarque en adiestrar al talento humano identificado con la filosofía de calidad.
Implementar un modelo para mejorar la calidad de servicio a los usuarios de CNEL EP es la clave para que la institución eleve y mantenga su prestigio ante la comunidad a la que se debe, la única forma de realizar es ofrecer compromiso de calidad, asegurando un futuro efectivo y de confianza mediante un modelo administrativo bien planeado y documentado.
La investigación centra su importancia en establecer el proceso por el cual la institución puede pasar a un estado de mejora no solo de calidad sino en mejora continua de atención y servicio al usuario. Es por ello que, cuando se pretende mejorar la calidad de los servicios que CNEL EP entrega a sus usuarios, fortalecer las capacidades de gestión de la institución, instalar una cultura de mejoramiento de los procesos, basada en la autoevaluación y la aplicación de planes o iniciativas de mejora como camino para llegar a la excelencia, este tipo de modelo aparece como herramienta válida para entregar una referencia de la gestión de los servicios.
SISTEM PENDUKIUNG KEPUTUSAN PADA SISTEM SELEKSI PENERIMAAN GURU MENGGUNAKAN METODE SIMPLE ADDITIVE WEIGHTING
Authors: Nurjaya Nurjaya , Ardhiansyah Maulana , Suryana Rezki 
Published: April 2019

Teacher is an important element in the support system, therefore function and position of teachers in improving the quality of learners need to be considered seriously. Basically, teachers are professionals in the field of education that has the task of teaching, educating, and guiding students to become a man is impersonal. Thus, teachers have an important position and responsibilities of a very great deal in the success or failure of educational programs.
In order to facilitate the selection process for the teachers, the school can use the Decision Support System Decision Support System that is used as a tool for decision makers to expand the capabilities of the decision makers, but not to replace the judgment of the decision makers. The method used is the Simple Additive weighting, Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) suitable for decision-making process because it can determine the weight values ​​for each attribute, followed by indexing process that will select the best alternative from a number of the best alternative. It can be concluded from this study that the SAW method is very relevant to solve the problem of decision makers.
Pengujian Alpha dan Beta pada Pengembangan Sistem Internet Banking (Ibank) PT Bank Mega, Tbk
Authors: Rosano Andi 
Published: April 2019

Sistem internet banking (Ibank) memiliki peranan sangat penting dalam mendukung dunia bisnis dan menjadi kebutuhan masyarakat saat ini. Banyak bank masih menggunakan cara konvensional dalam memberikan layanan transaksi dan informasi perbankan kepada nasabah, sehingga nasabah harus datang ke kantor cabang bank. Untuk itu perlu dibangun sistem internet banking (Ibank) yang dapat menunjang kelancaran transaksi perbankan tanpa kendala tempat dan waktu. Penelitian ini merupakan upaya untuk membuat sistem internet banking (Ibank) sebagai solusi mengatasi kendala tempat dan waktu bagi nasabah bank. Pada penelitian ini diharapkan pembuatan sistem internet banking (Ibank) yang dihasilkan nantinya akan mampu mengatasi masalah pelayanan bank kepada nasabah dari kendala tempat dan waktu. Untuk perancangan dan pengembangan aplikasi, peneliti menggunakan metode Waterfall sebagai landasan dalam penelitian ini.
Analisa Nilai Valuasi Startup Berdasarkan Faktor Keuangan Dan Faktor Non Keuangan Media Online PT. XYZ Bali
Authors: Putu Agustini Ni Luh , Swastika Putu Agus , Estiyanti Ni Made 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
The number of internet users in Indonesia has increased rapidly in the past two decades. Technological developments coincided with the growth of pioneering companies or startups, both failures or great successes. Fundraising is the lifeblood of startup, a steady stream of funds from various sources will greatly help the company.The success of startups, one of them can be seen from how much the value of the startup’s valuation, The greater the value then the opportunity to get investors' funds wide open. PT. XYZ is one of the startup of online media in Indonesia and the first in Bali, investment funds can certainly support and optimize the development of the company. Considering the importance of investment funds for the sustainability of the company, a valuation calculation is needed to gain an opportunity to receive funding. The important elements of the company, both in terms of financial and non-financial, will be the attraction of investors to invest.

Keywords : Valuation, Startup, Investment