bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of liposomal dosage forms and hyperosmolar salines in experimental pharmacotherapy of acute lung injury
Authors: Kulikov Oleg A. , Ageev Valentin P. , Marochkina Elena E. , Dolgacheva Irina S. , Minayeva Olga V. , Inchina Vera I. 
Published: June 2019

Introduction: Hypertonic sodium chloride solutions and liposomal drugs with pulmotropic effect are of great interest for the treatment of acute lung injury (ALI). The results of the studies on the efficacy of hypertonic solutions and lipo[1]somes in ALI treatment are currently controversial.
Materials and methods: For the experiment, liposomes with dexamethasone, N-acetylcysteine (NAC), aprotinin and dye Cyanine-7 (Cy-7) were obtained. A liposome analysis was performed by means of spectrophotometry. ALI was modeled in rats by the administration of the damaging agents into the trachea. The experimental agents were injected once intravenously after the modeling of ALI. For experimental therapy used liposomal agents, 7.5% hypertonic saline (HS) and HyperHAES solutions in the respective groups. The efficacy of the therapy was assessed by the survival of animals, functional indicators of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems, and by the lung-body ratio. The biodistri[1]bution of liposomes after intravenous administration was investigated in mice through using a fluorescent dye Cy-7. The biodistribution of liposomes with Cy-7 was assessed using bioimaging according to the fluorescence intensity of internal organs (lungs, liver, and kidneys) and blood, expressed as dye concentration according to the calibration de[1]pendence of dye concentrarion on fluorescence intensity.
Results and discussion: All the studied liposomal drugs were effective for the pharmacological correction of ALI. Hypertonic solutions, unlike liposomal drugs, were less likely to prevent the development of pulmonary edema. All the studied therapeutic agents increased the survival rate of the laboratory animals with ALI. The most effective experimen[1]tal agent was liposomal dexamethasone. The use of drugs in form of simple liposomes with average diameter of 350 nm provided for a higher concentration of the drug in the lungs within the first 40 minutes after intravenous administration.
Conclusion: Intravenous administration of liposomal forms is promising for the pharmacotherapy of acute lung injury.
Les deux âges de la seigneurie banale
Authors: Barthélemy Dominique 
Published: June 2019

Se détachant des nombreuses monographies consacrées à la France capétienne, l'ouvrage de Dominique Barthélémy nous propose une étude approfondie de la fameuse seigneurie de Coucy, qui avait suscité, jusqu'ici, plus de rêves que de véritable analyse scientifique : il lui redonne une histoire.

Remettant en question la chronologie classique des deux âges féodaux, bien ancrée depuis Marc Bloch, il apporte une contribution de premier ordre à notre connaissance des mutations subies au xiiie siècle par le système des relations sociales, des institutions et des formes d'expression juridiques ou culturelles. La seigneurie de Coucy, à ce moment, ne présente pas le type idéal correspondant à un apogée de la « féodalité » : affrontée aux contradictions d'une société locale et aux pressions extérieures des principes et du roi, elle est en perpétuelle élaboration.

Dominique Barthélémy porte son attention, aussi bien sur la noblesse et la chevalerie que sur les serfs et les bourgeois, dont l'affranchissement apparent lui paraît incomplet et ambigu.
Délibération et pouvoir dans la cité grecque
Authors: Ruzé Françoise 
Published: June 2019

Passer de l'acclamation unanime et pourtant non contraignante, à la souveraineté reconnue d'une décision seulement majoritaire ; apprendre à délibérer, non plus entre notables mais entre citoyens, les plus nombreux possible, donnant ainsi à la citoyenneté un contenu politique nouveau ; accepter que le « premier venu » ne se contente pas de la sanction divine de l'échec, mais contrôle un chef et lui demande des comptes ; élargir le champ d'intervention du débat collectif jusqu'à la quasi-totalité des affaires civiques : tels sont les temps de l'histoire que ce travail cherche à restituer, d'abord grâce aux indications fournies par les poèmes homériques, puis en posant les jalons des divers rythmes d'évolution dans les quelques cités de la péninsule grecque qui nous offrent un minimum de documents ou de représentations.

Chemin faisant, nous nous interrogeons sur la définition progressive des critères de citoyenneté, sur la formation politique du citoyen, sa disponibilité et la réalité de sa participation, sur l'importance du rôle des Conseils, sur la pertinence, enfin, de l'opposition réductrice Sparte/Athènes, oligarchie/démocratie, bref sur les réalités du pouvoir vues à travers le prisme du processus délibératif. Du bavard impénitent et quelque peu pontifiant que représente le Nestor de l'Illiade, au Socrate citoyen et régulateur d'un débat qu'il n'arrive pas à maîtriser, les rapports entre la délibération et le pouvoir dans la cité sont complexes, variables et riches d'enseignements.
NK Cells Are Critical for Optimal Immunity to ExperimentalTrypanosoma congolenseInfection
Authors: Onyilagha Chukwunonso , Kuriakose Shiby , Ikeogu Nnamdi , Kung Sam K. P. , Uzonna Jude E. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractNK cells are key innate immune cells that play critical roles in host defense. Although NK cells have been shown to regulate immunity to some infectious diseases, their role in immunity to Trypanosoma congolense has not been investigated. NK cells are vital sources of IFN-γ and TNF-α; two key cytokines that are known to play important roles in resistance to African trypanosomes. In this article, we show that infection with T. congolense leads to increased levels of activated and functional NK cells in multiple tissue compartments. Systemic depletion of NK cells with anti-NK1.1 mAb led to increased parasitemia, which was accompanied by significant reduction in IFN-γ production by immune cells in the spleens and liver of infected mice. Strikingly, infected NFIL3−/− mice (which genetically lack NK cell development and function) on the normally resistant background were highly susceptible to T. congolense infection. These mice developed fulminating and uncontrolled parasitemia and died significantly earlier (13 ± 1 d) than their wild-type control mice (106 ± 26 d). The enhanced susceptibility of NFIL3−/− mice to infection was accompanied by significantly impaired cytokine (IFN-γ and TNF-α) response by CD3+ T cells in the spleens and liver. Adoptive transfer of NK cells into NFIL3−/− mice before infection rescued them from acute death in a perforin-dependent manner. Collectively, these studies show that NK cells are critical for optimal resistance to T. congolense, and its deficiency leads to enhanced susceptibility in infected mice.
Non-cocompact Group Actions and -Semistability at Infinity
Authors: Geoghegan Ross , Guilbault Craig , Mihalik Michael 
Published: June 2019

AbstractA finitely presented 1-ended group $G$ has semistable fundamental group at infinity if $G$ acts geometrically on a simply connected and locally compact ANR $Y$ having the property that any two proper rays in $Y$ are properly homotopic. This property of $Y$ captures a notion of connectivity at infinity stronger than “1-ended”, and is in fact a feature of $G$, being independent of choices. It is a fundamental property in the homotopical study of finitely presented groups. While many important classes of groups have been shown to have semistable fundamental group at infinity, the question of whether every $G$ has this property has been a recognized open question for nearly forty years. In this paper we attack the problem by considering a proper but non-cocompact action of a group $J$ on such an $Y$. This $J$ would typically be a subgroup of infinite index in the geometrically acting over-group $G$; for example $J$ might be infinite cyclic or some other subgroup whose semistability properties are known. We divide the semistability property of $G$ into a $J$-part and a “perpendicular to $J$” part, and we analyze how these two parts fit together. Among other things, this analysis leads to a proof (in a companion paper) that a class of groups previously considered to be likely counter examples do in fact have the semistability property.
Study of Factors Affecting Students’ Performance in three Science Classes: General Biology, Botany, and Microbiology at Fayetteville State University
Authors: K. Kantartzi Stella , Allen Sherrice , Lodhi Khalid , L. Grier IV Robert , Kassem My Abdelmajid 
Published: June 2019

Several studies have reported the effects of class time on overall students’ performances, but there are just few on the influence of factors as absences, gender, class section, class difficulty or semester. The objectives of this study were to an- alyze the effects of the above mentioned factors (absences, class time, gender, class difficulty and semester) on college students’ performance in three science classes: Principles of Biology (BIOL 150), General Botany (BOTN 210), and Micro- biology & Immunology (BIOL 330) over a period of 3 years. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) for absences showed signifi- cant differences for the number of those between the differ- ent semesters (fall, spring, and summer) and that students tend to miss more classes (P>0.05) during fall and spring than summer semesters. Gender (P>0.3515) and class sec- tion (P>0.0608) do not seem to significantly affect the aver- age grades in general biology and microbiology. Regarding gender, significant differences were observed in BOTN 210 between females and males average grades. Females tend to do better than males at least in this class. There was a moderate but strongly significant negative correlation (-0.59, P>0.0001***) between the average grades and the number of absences in almost all classes. ANOVA also showed sig- nificant differences for the average grades between the differ- ent class times at P>0.0020*. The Tukey-Kramer test revealed that students perform better in morning classes compared to afternoon classes. The class time plays a significant role in the number of absences as well. Analysis showed that the most “convenient” time for students is late morning or after noon given that they tend to result in fewer absences. In ad- dition, students tend to receive better grades in BOTN 210 that they do in BIOL 330 and BIOL 150 (Means 77.33, 69.42, and 67.82, respectively) which can be justified by the fact that the latter two are more intense than the first. Overall, absences are the only factor among those studied (absences, gender, class section, class difficulty and semester) that seem to affect student’s grades negatively in all three classes (BIOL 150, BOTN 210 and BIOL 330). Typically, factors such as gen- der, and class section do not have any effect on students’ performance. Results for class time show that students may perform better in morning or evening classes. In other cases time does not play any significant role to efficiency.
Topology Between Two Sets
Authors: Jothi S. Nithyanantha , Thangavelu P. 
Published: June 2019

The aim of this paper is to introduce a single structure which carries the subsets of X as well as the subsets of Y for studying the information about the ordered pair (A, B) of subsets of X and Y. Such a structure is called a binary structure from X to Y. Mathematically a binary structure from X to Y is defined as a set of ordered pairs (A, B) where AX and BY. The purpose of this paper is to introduce a new topology between two sets called a binary topology and investigate its basic properties where a binary topology from X to Y is a binary structure satisfying certain axioms that are analogous to the axioms of topology.
MSC 2010: 54A05, 54A99.
La representación de la mujer en los manuales escolares de la Segunda República y del primer Franquismo (1931-1945)
Authors: Martínez Pose Beatriz 
Published: June 2019

En el presente artículo se expone un estudio sobre la educación de la mujer en dos etapas de la Historia de España: la Segunda República y los primeros años de la Dictadura Franquista. Con esta investigación se pretende analizar los modelos educativos que existían en estos dos momentos históricos y confrontarlos, para dilucidar si hubo diferencias relativas a la imagen de la mujer frente a la del hombre y sus respectivos roles en la sociedad. Este estudio se lleva a cabo a través de la metodología histórico-educativa con perspectiva de género. Las fuentes primarias consultadas son manuales escolares editados entre 1931 y 1945 que permiten el análisis de los diferentes discursos en la educación y representación de la mujer, a través de las siguientes categorías: ámbito doméstico, social, profesional y político. Además, se realiza una aproximación al estudio de los adjetivos que, con más frecuencia, aparecen atribuidos a cada sexo en los textos escolares. Pese a los avances que trajo consigo la República con respecto a los derechos y libertades de las mujeres, los manuales escolares no muestran, en algunos ámbitos, diferencias significativas entre ambos periodos. El entorno doméstico es presentado como el lugar al que estaba destinada la mujer y las tareas domésticas como una obligación exclusivamente femenina.
Dance of the “Polluted”: Performance, Religion, and Culture in Thullal
Authors: .B Arundhathi 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
This essay attempts to study one important moment of transformation in the performance tradition of premodern Kerala, the southernmost state of India. It analyzes Thullal, a performance form invented by the eighteenth-century poet-performer Kunchan Nambiar, who created a rupture in the Sanskrit literary and performance culture of Kerala. Nambiar, belonging to a temple-serving upper caste, brought together performance meters and modes of lower caste artforms and the content of the Sanskrit Puranas. Nambiar produced three types of Thullal: Ottan, Parayan, and Sheethankan, named after three “polluting” castes that were not allowed in the proximity of temples. This work argues that Thullal performance deliberately challenged existing cultural hierarchies. It attempts to study how power and performance did or did not condition each other.
Globalisering, consensusbestuur en de regio: naar een nieuwe maatschappelijke en bestuurlijke ordening?
Authors: van den Berg Caspar 
Published: June 2019

Globalisation, consensus governance and the region: towards a new societal and administrative order?
In his inaugural lecture entitled ‘From Pillars to Bubbles: The future of consensus governance in a globalized society’, Caspar van den Berg examines the consequences of economic and cultural globalization for the model of consensus governance that defined Dutch public administration for most of the 20th century. In doing so he presents an expansion and refinement of the Lijphartian model of consociationalism, and indicates which four factors supported consensus governance in the pillarized period, and how each of them has suffered erosion as globalization proceeded. It has become increasingly visible that globalization has differentiated effects for different groups in society, but also for different types of regions: booming regions benefit greatly from globalization, shrinking regions face major challenges. By combining recent insights from public administration, sociology, political science, economics and social geography, a new social order emerges, consisting of bubbles that are distinguished along socio-economic and territorial lines. These developments cause friction with regard to representation and decision-making at national, regional and local level. These are the themes on which the research within the Chair of Global and Local Governance will focus in the coming years.
Balanceren en experimenteren
Authors: Groeneveld Sandra 
Published: June 2019

Balancing and Experimenting. Public Management between Science and Practice
Increasing demands and competing values force public organizations to introduce new organizational forms that veer away from rigid bureaucratic structures while remaining in control. How do public managers and their employees deal with the dilemmas that these decentralized and organic ways of organizing entail? On the one hand it must be prevented that public managers fall back too quickly on structures that rely on control and formalization, while, on the other hand, they themselves as managers are still primarily held accountable based on those bureaucratic principles. New organizational forms also assume that leadership is shared and distributed. This not only asks for a higher degree of self-management of employees, but also requires from formal leaders that such behavior is supported and encouraged. In our research and teaching on these changes in public organizations, we work closely with practice. That too is a matter of balancing, this time of public engagement with scientific independence.
Open normen zijn geen vrijbrief voor de rechter
Authors: Frielink K. 
Published: June 2019

Open normen zijn geen vrijbrief voor de rechter
De auteur doet in zijn artikel een appel op de Hoge Raad der Nederlanden om in zijn uitspraken aannemelijk te maken dat de regel van ongeschreven recht waarop een beroep wordt gedaan, deel uitmaakt van een meer algemene rechtsovertuiging.
Pregnant Women's Health Literacy Promotion Strategies: A Review
Authors: Karamolahi Parisa Farzi , Khalesi Zahra Bostani , Niknami Mryam 
Published: June 2019

Background: Given the importance maternal health literacy (MHL) level in pregnancy outcome and maternal-child health, Investigating MHL promotion strategies is essential. To this end, the present study aimed to identify and report those interventions that conducted for improving MHL.
Methods: A scoping literature search using PubMed, Web of Science, Social Science Research Network, CINAHL, Psych INFO, Magiran, Iran Medex, Iran Doc, SID and Google Scholar. This review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) flow diagram. Eligible studies were identified from English and Persian databases, published between 1990 and 2018. Studies were screened independently by two researchers who performed the data extraction.
Results: On the basis of the studies’s intervention technique, 2 major health themes emerged:
Group-based interventions (Antenatal classes, Small group teaching, The centering pregnancy model, Web-based discussion forums) and individual -based interventions (Counseling intervention, Web-based educations, The workbook and booklet, Multimedia approaches, Graphics-based tool, A theory-based training program).
Conclusion: This review provides insights into existing strategies for MHL promotion. Health policy leaders and health system planners, should support the uptake of these approaches into usual prenatal care.
Highly Passivated n‐Type Colloidal Quantum Dots for Solution‐Processed Thermoelectric Generators with Large Output Voltage
Authors: Nugraha Mohamad I. , Kim Hyunho , Sun Bin , Desai Saheena , de Arquer F. Pelayo Garcia , Sargent Edward H. , Alshareef Husam N. , Baran Derya 
Published: June 2019

AbstractColloidal quantum dots (CQDs) are attractive materials for thermoelectric applications due to their simple and low‐cost processing; advantageously, they also offer low thermal conductivity and high Seebeck coefficient. To date, the majority of CQD thermoelectric films reported upon have been p‐type, while only a few reports are available on n‐type films. High‐performing n‐ and p‐type films are essential for thermoelectric generators (TEGs) with large output voltage and power. Here, high‐thermoelectric‐performance n‐type CQD films are reported and showcased in high‐performance all‐CQD TEGs. By engineering the electronic coupling in the films, a thorough removal of insulating ligands is achieved and this is combined with excellent surface trap passivation. This enables a high thermoelectric power factor of 24 µW m−1 K−2, superior to previously reported n‐type lead chalcogenide CQD films operating near room temperature (<1 µW m−1 K−2). As a result, an all‐CQD film TEG with a large output voltage of 0.25 V and a power density of 0.63 W m−2 at ∆T = 50 K is demonstrated, which represents an over fourfold enhancement to previously reported p‐type only CQD TEGs.
Hearing impairment as an early sign of alpha‐mannosidosis in children with a mild phenotype: Report of seven new cases
Authors: Lehalle Daphné , Colombo Roberto , O'Grady Michael , Héron Bénédicte , Houcinat Nada , Kuentz Paul , Moutton Sebastien , Sorlin Arthur , Thevenon Julien , Delanne Julian , Gay Sebastien , Racine Caroline , Garde Aurore , Tran Mau‐Them Frédéric , Philippe Christophe , Vitobello Antonio , Nambot Sophie , Huet Frédéric , Duffourd Yannis , Feillet François , Thauvin‐Robinet Christel , Marlin Sandrine , Faivre Laurence 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAlpha‐mannosidosis (AM) is a very rare (prevalence: 1/500000 births) autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disorder. It is characterized by multi‐systemic involvement associated with progressive intellectual disability, hearing loss, skeletal anomalies, and coarse facial features. The spectrum is wide, from very severe and lethal to a milder phenotype that usually progresses slowly. AM is caused by a deficiency of lysosomal alpha‐mannosidase. A diagnosis can be established by measuring the activity of lysosomal alpha‐mannosidase in leucocytes and screening for abnormal urinary excretion of mannose‐rich oligosaccharides. Genetic confirmation is obtained with the identification of MAN2B1 mutations. Enzyme replacement therapy (LAMZEDER) was approved for use in Europe in August 2018. Here, we describe seven individuals from four families, diagnosed at 3–23 years of age, and who were referred to a clinical geneticist for etiologic exploration of syndromic hearing loss, associated with moderate learning disabilities. Exome sequencing had been used to establish the molecular diagnosis in five cases, including a two‐sibling pair. In the remaining two patients, the diagnosis was obtained with screening of urinary oligosaccharides excretion and the association of deafness and hypotonia. These observations emphasize that the clinical diagnosis of AM can be challenging, and that it is likely an underdiagnosed rare cause of syndromic hearing loss. Exome sequencing can contribute significantly to the early diagnosis of these nonspecific mild phenotypes, with advantages for treatment and management.