bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Research on Force-Saving Mechanism of Cutting Tool with Variable Curvature Directrix Rake Face Configuration
Authors: Xie Feng , Wei Huawei , Chen Xiaofeng , Lei Chao 
Published: December 2024

AbstractOptimizing the geometric configuration of the tool cutting surface, reducing the resistance in the cutting process and energy consumption, are always a concern. Through the method of bionic design, the directrix function of the longitudinal section of the beaver tooth rake face is extracted, and its variable curvature characteristics are analyzed. Based on this, a turning tool with variable curvature directrix configuration rake face is designed. The cutting force experiment and machining surface quality analysis experiment were carried out with the designed tool and the linear directrix configuration rake face tool respectively. The measured data of the variable curvature directrix configuration rake face tool is better than the linear directrix configuration rake face tool and its drag reduction performance of the tool is verified by experiments. Through the analysis of the working rake angle and shear angle of the tool with variable curvature directrix configuration rake face, the relationship between the parameters of the variable curvature directrix function and the working rake angle, and shear angle has been obtained. By the method of finite element simulation analysis, the stress field in the cutting zone of two different configuration tools has been analyzed. It has been found that the tool with variable curvature directrix rake face has a ‘bending moment’ effect on the tool-chip interface due to its curved surface configuration, and a ‘prying’ effect at the tool tip. These two effects promote the separation of chips from the workpiece and make the cutting process more force-saving. The research of this paper will have reference significance for the design and application of the curved surface configuration rake face tool.
Is testicular microlithiasis associated with decreased semen parameters? a systematic review
Authors: Wilson Hannah G. , Birch Brian R. , Rees Rowland W. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
Testicular microlithiasis (TM) is characterised by microcalcifications in the testes and has been associated with infertility. This has led to studies of semen analysis in men with the condition. This systematic review aimed to compare semen parameters in men with TM and those without. Men with classic TM (≥ 5 microcalcifications per sonographic image) were also compared to those with limited TM (< 5 microcalcifications per sonographic image). Additionally, testicular volume and hormone levels were analysed as secondary outcomes. This review was carried out according to PRISMA guidelines and registered on PROSPERO. The quality of included studies was assessed using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale.

Results
Embase, MEDLINE, World of Science and Scopus were searched. Abstracts were screened against inclusion/exclusion criteria by two independent reviewers. Eligible studies included data on semen parameters in men with TM where semen analysis was done according to World Health Organisation recommendations. Studies with populations consisting of men with testicular cancer were excluded. After searching the databases, 137 papers were found and 10 studies involving 611 men with TM were included in the analysis. In the studies that compared sperm concentration in men with TM to controls, six (100%) found lower sperm concentration in the TM group. Six studies compared sperm motility, of which 4 (66.7%) showed lower motility in the TM group compared to controls. Five studies compared sperm morphology, with three (60%) finding a lower percentage of normal morphology in the TM group compared to controls. Six studies compared classic TM with limited TM. All six (100%) found a lower sperm concentration in the classic TM group compared to the limited TM group. Results also suggested that more extensive disease is associated with poorer sperm concentration.

Conclusions
This review suggests that TM is associated with decreased semen parameters, particularly sperm concentration. However, clinical outcomes should be investigated by studying pregnancy rates in males with TM. Future research that controls for confounding variables, involves larger sample sizes, and utilises advanced sperm function tests is also advised. Further research is important for establishing clinical guidance and suggestions for fertility follow-up in men with TM.
Retrograde aortic dissection encountered amidst nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma with IVC thrombus – a case report
Authors: Gali Kasi Viswanath , Rai Guruprasad D. , Choudhary Anupam , Surag K. R. , Kamath Ganesh S. , Chawla Arun , Gunashekar Vijay 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
Management of RCC with IVC thrombus can be surgically challenging, particularly when the tumour thrombus extends above the diaphragm. Cardiopulmonary bypass is often employed to aid surgical removal of the tumour in such cases.

Case presentation
We detail an instance of 67-year-old Male patient suffering from RCC with IVC thrombus, with the tumour thrombus extending into the right atrium, who developed on-table retrograde type A aortic dissection amidst the surgical procedure, thereby precluding cardiopulmonary bypass. Transfixation of the renal arterial stump resulted in disappearance of the dissection flap.

Conclusions
Operating surgeons should be mindful of the potential for retrograde aortic dissection during Radical Nephrectomy and its implications intraoperatively.
Hospital administrators as forgotten partners in rare disease care: a call to action by the international hospital federation’s global rare pediatric disease network
Authors: Stoesz Andrea , Joers Barbara , Gaviglio Amy 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
The global public health burden of rare diseases has become an increasingly discussed topic, and its societal impact cannot be overstated. While it may seem counterintuitive to discuss broad healthcare and public health impact in the context of rarity, taken together, over 400 million people worldwide are estimated to live with a rare disease. Over half of people living with a rare disease are children.
Providing robust and comprehensive services to the rare disease community requires coordinated efforts of numerous experts and partners. Globally, there are many initiatives focused on improving the lives of people living with a rare disease. Most of these networks and organizations are region or country based and have historically centered on three focal areas: research; provision of education, support, and/or information; and direct clinical care.
While all these efforts recognize the importance of a coordinated system of partners across a spectrum of disciplines to improve care for the rare disease community, one group has been largely untapped: hospital administrators and leadership. To address this gap, the International Hospital Federation (IHF) convened the Global Rare Pediatric Disease Network (GRPDN), composed of hospital leaders from around the world. To assess how hospital leadership can assist in providing the infrastructure for improving care for patients and families living with a rare disease, the GRPDN created a survey to gather feedback on hospital administrators’ perspectives on needed efforts to improve global rare disease care.

Results
The survey identified five themes: increased public awareness of rare diseases and support for families, diagnostic management and treatment guidelines, lifelong, multidisciplinary care, data and research, and funding.

Conclusions
Until recently, hospital leadership has been an untapped partner in addressing challenges faced by rare disease patients, and they are uniquely positioned to bridge existing gaps. The GRPDN will continue to focus on identifying practical strategies that hospital leaders—regardless of resource level—can implement to improve care for children living with a rare disease.
Effects of deliberate practice and structured feedback in psychotherapy training (DeeP): a study protocol of a randomized-control-trial
Authors: Berning Anna , Sell Stefan , Andersen Wiebke , Strauß Bernhard , Taubner Svenja 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
Psychotherapeutic competencies encompass a variety of skills that influence the work and therapeutic success of psychotherapists. In particular, interpersonal skills and the associated ability to react appropriately in complex therapy situations have already shown significant correlations with later therapeutic success. Strengthening interpersonal skills should therefore be a central aim of psychotherapy training. However, previous studies have shown that not only content learning is decisive for later learning success and skill development, but also the didactic method has a significant effect. Deliberate Practice and Structured Feedback have shown to be promising didactic tools. The primary objective of this study is to investigate the efficacy of Deliberate Practice and Structured Feedback as well as their combination in the context of psychotherapy training in comparison to classic didactic training. The trainees’ learning progress of interpersonal skills and its influence on subsequent outpatient therapies will be examined. Secondary, the study aims to identify further determinants of trainees’ therapeutic skills and to investigate the effects of ruptures on the course of therapy.

Methods
The underlying study, a randomized-control-trial with three intervention groups (Deliberate Practice, Structured Feedback, combination of both) and an active control group, will be conducted on a sample of N = 240 trainees and their patients (N = 1000). All trainees will each attend three consecutive workshops on “Strengthening therapeutic skills in challenging therapy situations”, which will be carried out using the corresponding didactic tool. Scientific assessments will take place online for the trainees (pre, in-between, post, follow-up) and for the patients (after each therapy session for 24 weeks, follow-up). Primary outcomes will be constituted by the trainees’ Facilitative Interpersonal Skills and the patients’ symptoms. Multilevel as well as structural equation modelling will be used to analyze the data.

Discussion
The study investigates the efficacy of different didactic tools regarding the strengthening of trainee’s interpersonal competencies as well as their effects on subsequent therapies. Results of this study address a research gap concerning the improvement of psychotherapy training as well as the quality assurance of future therapies.

Trial registration
German Clinical Trial Register (DRKS) – DRKS00034279; retrospectively registered.
Exploring physical, subjective and psychological wellbeing profile membership in adolescents: a latent profile analysis
Authors: Hennessey Alexandra , MacQuarrie Sarah , Petersen Kimberly J. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
Understanding wellbeing in adolescents and within education settings is crucial to supporting young people. However, research defining and exploring wellbeing has typically taken a focus on subjective, psychological, social and emotional domains and has failed to incorporate aspects of physical health and wellbeing. This study aimed to explore how both physical and subjective and psychological wellbeing can be combined to generate different profiles of wellbeing in adolescents, and to understand the characteristics associated with this profile membership.

Methods
366 adolescents aged 11-16yrs (mean age 12.75) from three mainstream secondary schools across England completed an online survey capturing demographic characteristics, physical, subjective and psychological wellbeing, physical activity, emotional literacy, school belonging, and perceptions of learning ability. Latent profile analysis used a data driven approach to explore profiles of wellbeing using physical wellbeing and positive emotional state and positive outlook as predictors of profile membership. To understand profile characteristics demographics, physical activity and educational variables were added as co-variates.

Results
Three profiles were identified, (1) low wellbeing (n = 68, 19%) displaying low scores across physical wellbeing, positive emotional state and positive outlook, (2) moderate wellbeing (n = 168, 46%) characterised by average levels across physical wellbeing, positive emotional state and positive outlook, and (3) high wellbeing (n = 128, 35%) showing high score across physical wellbeing, positive emotional state and positive outlook. Compared to the high wellbeing profile, the moderate and low profiles membership was characterised by being older, being a girl, lower perceived socio-economic status, fewer hours of physical activity a week, and lower emotional literacy, school belonging and perceptions of learning.

Conclusions
The results evidence that physical, subjective and psychological wellbeing are closely inter-related, this finding coupled with increased physical activity in the higher wellbeing group signify physical health and activity are important components of overall wellbeing and should form part of a holistic approach to school wellbeing curriculums.
TRPM channels in human cancers: regulatory mechanism and therapeutic prospects
Authors: Liu Qinfeng , Hu Mengyu , Li Shi , Zhang Xin , Zhang Rui , Lyu Hao , Xiao Shuai , Guo Dong , Chen Xing-Zhen , Tang Jingfeng , Zhou Cefan 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe transient receptor potential melastatin (TRPM) channel family has been previously implicated in various diseases, including those related to temperature sensing, cardiovascular health, and neurodegeneration. Nowadays, increasing evidence indicates that TRPM family members also play significant roles in various types of cancers, exhibiting both pro- and anti-tumorigenic functions. They are involved in tumor cell proliferation, survival, invasion, and metastasis, serving as potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for cancer. This paper begins by describing the structure and physiological functions of the TRPM family members. It then outlines their roles in several common malignancies, including pancreatic, prostate, colorectal, breast, brain cancer, and melanoma. Subsequently, we focused on investigating the specific mechanisms by which TRPM family members are involved in tumorigenesis and development from both the tumor microenvironment (TME) and intracellular signaling. TRPM channels not only transmit signals from the TME to regulate tumor cell functions, but also mediate extracellular matrix remodeling, which is conducive to the malignant transformation of tumor cells. Importantly, TRPM channels depend on the regulation of the inflow of various ions in cells, and participate in key signaling pathways involved in tumor progression, such as Wnt/β-catenin, MAPK, PI3K/AKT, p53, and autophagy. Finally, we summarize the current strategies and challenges of targeting TRPM channels in tumor treatment, and discuss the feasibility of combining targeted TRPM channel drugs with cancer immunotherapy.
GAN-based heterogeneous network for ancient mural restoration
Authors: Zhao Fanhua , Ren Hui , Sun Ke , Zhu Xian 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Ancient murals, invaluable cultural artifacts, frequently suffer damage from environmental and human factors, necessitating effective restoration techniques. Traditional methods, which rely on manual skills, are time-consuming and often inconsistent. This study introduces an innovative mural restoration approach using a generative adversarial network (GAN) within a UNet architecture. The generator integrates Transformer and convolutional neural network (CNN) components, effectively capturing and reconstructing complex mural features. This work's novelty lies in integrating the Group-wise Multi-scale Self-Attention (GMSA), an Encoder-Decoder Feature Interaction (EDFI) module, and a Local Feature Enhancement Block (LFEB). These components allow the model to better capture, reconstruct, and enhance mural features, leading to a significant improvement over traditional restoration methods. Tested on a dataset of Tang Dynasty murals, the method demonstrated superior performance in PSNR, SSIM, and LPIPS metrics compared to seven other techniques. Ablation studies confirmed the effectiveness of the heterogeneous network design and the critical contributions of the GMSA, EDFI, and LFEB modules. Practical restoration experiments showed the method's ability to handle various types of mural damage, providing seamless and visually authentic restorations. This novel approach offers a promising solution for the digital preservation and restoration of cultural heritage murals, with potential applications in practical restoration projects.
Adherence to diabetic retinopathy screening among children and young adults in Bangladesh
Authors: Curran Katie , Ahmed Munir , Sultana Mirza Manbira , Moutari Salissou , Hossain Mohammad Awlad , Cushley Laura , Peto Tunde , Husain Lutful , Zabeen Bedowra , Congdon Nathan 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
Effective diabetic retinopathy screening (DRS) programmes are important in preventing vision impairment and blindness caused by diabetes. This study focuses on identifying the factors affecting attendance or non-adherence to DRS among children and young adults with diabetes mellitus (DM) in Bangladesh.

Methods
A mixed-methods approach was used, which included patients diagnosed with DM aged 12–26 years from Bangladesh who were registered at BIRDEM Women and Children hospital in Dhaka. Data collection occurred between July 2019 and July 2020, mainly through telephone and email due to restrictions imposed by the COVID-19 pandemic. Statistical analyses, including chi-squared tests, t-tests, and logistic regression, were used to assess the demographic and clinical factors influencing attendance at DRS.

Results
The study reported a high 88% attendance rate for DRS among children and young adults in Bangladesh. However, some barriers to attendance were identified. Children under 15 years of age showed a higher tendency to attend their last DRS appointment when compared to older age participants (16–26 years), P < 0.05. Male participants demonstrated a lower likelihood of attending their DRS appointments than females (OR 0.29, CI: 0.17 to 0.50), P < 0.001. Additionally, participants with higher HbA1c levels (mean 9.1%, IQR 2.5) attended their last DRS appointment compared to those with lower levels (mean 8.0%) (p < 0.05). The primary barriers leading to missed DRS appointments were distance to the hospital (15, 31.9%), financial limitations (19, 40.4%), and busy schedules (14, 29.8%).

Conclusions
Compliance with DRS was high in this setting especially among younger patients, females, and those with higher HbA1c levels, highlighting the effectiveness of current DRS initiatives in Bangladesh. Addressing barriers such as cost, service accessibility and transportation could improve attendance rates further, and strategies such as flexible scheduling, transport subsidies, telemedicine, and use of artificial intelligence may help overcome these challenges.
Renyi entropy-driven network traffic anomaly detection with dynamic threshold
Authors: Yu Haoran , Yang Wenchuan , Cui Baojiang , Sui Runqi , Wu Xuedong 
Published: December 2024

AbstractNetwork traffic anomaly detection is a critical issue in network security. Existing Abnormal traffic detection methods rely on statistical-based or anomaly-based approaches, and these detection methods all require a full understanding of traffic characteristics and attack patterns. Information entropy has been widely studied in abnormal traffic detection because it can describe the distribution characteristics of network traffic. However, this method makes it difficult to cope with the timing and variability of network traffic. To address these challenges, this paper proposes a network traffic anomaly detection method based on Renyi entropy. Simultaneously, we introduce a fixed time window and utilize an improved EWMA model within this window to dynamically set thresholds for anomaly detection. Experimental results show that the method proposed in this paper is superior to popular abnormal traffic detection methods in terms of effectiveness and efficiency, it is better adapted to the dynamic changes of network traffic and provides a more reliable solution for anomaly detection.
The distribution of Coronal Plane Alignment of the Knee (CPAK) phenotypes in the Malaysian population and their correlation with demographic variables
Authors: Wong Wai Kit , Abu Bakar Sajak Azliana , Chua Hwa Sen 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
Only 80% of patients are satisfied with their outcomes post-TKA. Mounting attention has been paid to constitutional limb alignment and individualized alignment strategies in recent years. MacDessi et al. proposed the CPAK classification, which takes into account the patients’ arithmetic hip-knee-ankle axis (aHKA) and joint line obliquity (JLO). In this study, we aimed to establish local demographic data, compare them with published data, and assess their correlations with modifiable variables.

Methods
A total of 500 end-stage osteoarthritic knees subjected to TKA were radiologically analyzed. The lateral distal femoral angle (LDFA) and medial proximal tibial angle (MPTA) were calculated from long limb radiographs before the aHKA and JLO were derived and a CPAK phenotype was assigned. Demographic data were harvested and analyzed for possible correlations.

Results
There were 160 males (32%) and 340 females (68%), with a mean age of 66.42 years (range, 47–88). The mean MPTA was 85.8° (± 3.0)°, and the mean LDFA was 87.6° (± 2.4)°. The average aHKA was a varus of 1.8° (± 4.2)°, and the average JLO was 173.4° (± 3.45)°. The most common CPAK phenotype was Type 1 (43.4%). The Intraclass Correlation Coefficient demonstrated excellent reliability (> 0.9). No correlation existed between CPAK phenotypes and age, height, weight, or body mass index (BMI), but CPAK phenotype was significantly correlated with gender.

Conclusion
An urban Malaysian population with osteoarthritic knees was found to be constitutionally varus, with the most common phenotype being varus aHKA with an apex-distal JLO. Constitutional alignment is not influenced by factors such as age, height, weight, or BMI.

Level of Evidence
Retrospective Observational Study-III.