bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Oral health care: The experience of Australian paediatricians
Authors: Koirala Archana , O'Connor Elodie , Widmer Richard , Kilpatrick Nicky , Goldfeld Sharon 
Published: March 2019

AimMany Australian children have dental decay in their deciduous teeth. Poor oral health can negatively impact a child's ability to eat, speak, sleep and socialise, with adverse impacts later in life. Paediatricians are well placed to examine children's teeth and to provide advice and education about oral health. Using a sample of Australian paediatricians, we aimed to determine: (i) self‐reported oral health knowledge and skills, (ii) frequency of office‐based oral health‐related discussions, (iii) perceived role of paediatricians and (iv) barriers to oral health‐related discussions.MethodsMembers of a national network of paediatricians – the Australian Paediatric Research Network – completed a multi‐topic survey, which included questions designed to assess oral health knowledge, current practice and barriers to oral health‐related discussions.ResultsOf 430 active members, 178 (41%) completed the survey. Few paediatricians reported very good/excellent ability to assess plaque build‐up (8%) and dental caries (17%). Only 10% reported broaching the issue of oral health with all patients. Significant barriers included lack of professional training (52%) and other more pressing issues needing to be addressed (67%).ConclusionsThe increasing (and inequitable) rates of dental decay in Australian children mean that paediatricians should play a key role in the management of children's oral health. Many paediatricians reported a lack of specific training in oral health and limited ability to assess children and educate families. Despite the traditional divide between medicine and oral health, this study highlights the opportunity for Australian paediatricians to improve oral health through early intervention in the consultation room and beyond.
Linear Narratives in Cyclical Form: the Hunt for Reason in the Cantigas de Santa Maria
Authors: DRUMMOND HENRY T. 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACTCentral to the world of thirteenth‐century Galician‐Portuguese song are the Cantigas de Santa Maria (CSM), on whose narrative cantigas de miragre this article focuses. These songs comprise alternations between a refrain and strophes that finish by reiterating the refrain's metre, rhymes and melody. Combining the strictly linear narrative of the miracle cantiga with this cyclical framework poses manifold complications. Self‐contained narrative logic is divided by interstrophic refrains, and chains of thought are divided by destabilising chains of interstrophic enjambment. This setup in the cantigas de miragre is rendered all the more curious given that few comparable instances of cyclical structure and linear narrative occur elsewhere in late‐medieval vernacular repertoire. In essence, concatenating the linear with the circular does not – and perhaps should not – work in narrative song. In this article, I examine how the cantigas de miragre navigate this dichotomy. Parsing the musical, poetic and narrative structures of CSM 232, I demonstrate how the sonically tenacious refrain, recapped within the latter part of each strophe as the strophe‐b, works to highlight the narrative thrust of a miracle story. The memorially marked recurrence of refrain metre, rhymes and melody in the strophe‐b functions as a device to separate the narratively central from the extraneous. It thereby exposes a miracle song's essential message to its audience. Through the analysis of CSM 232, this article highlights the fundamental role of sonic memory in late‐medieval vernacular song.
Implant placement in conjunction with ridge split and expansion technique
Authors: Kumar I. , Singh H. , Arora S.S. , Singh A. , Kumar N. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of ridge split technique and expansion technique to analyse peri‐implant hard tissue changes following implant placement.Materials and methodsA prospective study was conducted at Swami Devi Dyal Hospital &Dental College, Panchkula, India, from 2015‐2017 on 10 patients, having at least 1–3 teeth missing, with a crestal width of at least 3 mm and an 8 mm apico‐coronal height (3 × 8 mm) from major anatomical structures.ResultsOut of the 10 patients in whom the inclusion criteria met, six were male and four were female. Out of a total of 20 implants inserted, (13 implants in mandible and 7 in maxilla), healing was uneventful in all cases with no major complication. The mean bone width bucco‐lingually preoperatively was found to be 3.79 ± 0.36 mm and bucco‐lingual width recorded immediately after RST was found to be and 6.38 ± 0.51 mm. This difference in bone width was found to be significant (P = 0.000). Also, a significant correlation was seen (P = 0.003), further strengthening the results obtained.ConclusionsWithin the limits of our study, placing implants with simultaneous ridge splitting can reduce the period of edentulism and reduces the duration of treatment with excellent results. Though it is an operator‐dependant technique and it cannot increase the vertical height of the ridge, still ridge split and expansion technique is the best method for augmentation and simultaneous implant insertion in case of narrow ridges with minimum morbidity and less treatment duration.
True 99th centile of high sensitivity cardiac troponin for hospital patients: prospective, observational cohort study
Authors: Mariathas Mark , Allan Rick , Ramamoorthy Sanjay , Olechowski Bartosz , Hinton Jonathan , Azor Martin , Nicholas Zoe , Calver Alison , Corbett Simon , Mahmoudi Michael , Rawlins John , Simpson Iain , Wilkinson James , Kwok Chun Shing , Cook Paul , Mamas Mamas A , Curzen Nick 
Published: March 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the distribution, and specifically the true 99th centile, of high sensitivity cardiac troponin I (hs-cTnI) for a whole hospital population by applying the hs-cTnI assay currently used routinely at a large teaching hospital.DesignProspective, observational cohort study.SettingUniversity Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, United Kingdom, between 29 June 2017 and 24 August 2017.Participants20 000 consecutive inpatients and outpatients undergoing blood tests for any clinical reason. Hs-cTnI concentrations were measured in all study participants and nested for analysis except when the supervising doctor had requested hs-cTnI for clinical reasons.Main outcome measuresDistribution of hs-cTnI concentrations of all study participants and specifically the 99th centile.ResultsThe 99th centile of hs-cTnI for the whole population was 296 ng/L compared with the manufacturer’s quoted level of 40 ng/L (currently used clinically as the upper limit of normal; ULN). Hs-cTnI concentrations were greater than 40 ng/L in one in 20 (5.4%, n=1080) of the total population. After excluding participants diagnosed as having acute myocardial infarction (n=122) and those in whom hs-cTnI was requested for clinical reasons (n=1707), the 99th centile was 189 ng/L for the remainder (n=18 171). The 99th centile was 563 ng/L for inpatients (n=4759) and 65 ng/L for outpatients (n=9280). Patients from the emergency department (n=3706) had a 99th centile of 215 ng/L, with 6.07% (n=225) greater than the recommended ULN. 39.02% (n=48) of all patients from the critical care units (n=123) and 14.16% (n=67) of all medical inpatients had an hs-cTnI concentration greater than the recommended ULN.ConclusionsOf 20 000 consecutive patients undergoing a blood test for any clinical reason at our hospital, one in 20 had an hs-cTnI greater than the recommended ULN. These data highlight the need for clinical staff to interpret hs-cTnI concentrations carefully, particularly when applying the recommended ULN to diagnose acute myocardial infarction, in order to avoid misdiagnosis in the absence of an appropriate clinical presentation.Trial registrationClinicaltrials.govNCT03047785.
Endovascular treatment of debilitating tinnitus secondary to cerebral venous sinus abnormalities: a literature review and technical illustration
Authors: Yang I-Hsiao , Pereira Vitor M , Lenck Stephanie , Nicholson Patrick , Orru Emanuele , Klostranec Jesse M , Krings Timo , Tsang Anderson Chun On 
Published: March 2019

Background and objectivePulsatile tinnitus (PT) can be debilitating and lead to significant morbidity. Cerebral venous sinus lesions, such as venous sinus stenosis, diverticula, and high-riding jugular bulb, are uncommon causes of PT, for which there is no standard treatment. Endovascular interventions have shown promising results for PT secondary to idiopathic intracranial hypertension, and may be a valid therapeutic option for isolated venous PT.MethodsWe conducted a systematic literature review on the outcome and safety of endovascular treatment for patients with isolated, debilitating venous PT. The venous lesion characteristics, endovascular techniques, complications, and clinical outcomes were assessed. In addition, an illustrative case of endovascular stenting for PT caused by venous sinus stenosis was included.ResultsA total of 41 patients (90.2% female) from 26 papers were included. The median age was 46 years (IQR 23; range 25–72 years). Focal venous sinus stenosis (20 patients) and sinus diverticula (14 patients) were the most common culprit lesions. Endovascular treatment included venous sinus stenting in 35 patients, 11 of whom had adjuvant coil embolization, and coil embolization alone in six patients. Complete resolution of the tinnitus was achieved in 95.1% of patients. There was one complication of cerebellar infarct, and no procedure-related mortality.ConclusionsIn patients with debilitating PT secondary to venous sinus lesions, endovascular treatment by stenting and/or coil embolization appears to be safe and effective. Prospective randomized studies with objective outcome assessments are needed to confirm the treatment benefits.
A Transcriptionally Distinct CXCL13+CD103+CD8+ T-cell Population Is Associated with B-cell Recruitment and Neoantigen Load in Human Cancer
Authors: Workel Hagma H. , Lubbers Joyce M. , Arnold Roland , Prins Thalina M. , van der Vlies Pieter , de Lange Kim , Bosse Tjalling , van Gool Inge C. , Eggink Florine A. , Wouters Maartje C.A. , Komdeur Fenne L. , van der Slikke Elisabeth C. , Creutzberg Carien L. , Kol Arjan , Plat Annechien , Glaire Mark , Church David N. , Nijman Hans W. , de Bruyn Marco 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
The chemokine CXCL13 mediates recruitment of B cells to tumors and is essential for the formation of tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs). TLSs are thought to support antitumor immunity and are associated with improved prognosis. However, it remains unknown whether TLSs are formed in response to the general inflammatory character of the tumor microenvironment, or rather, are induced by (neo)antigen-specific adaptive immunity. We here report on the finding that the TGFβ-dependent CD103+CD8+ tumor-infiltrating T-cell (TIL) subpopulation expressed and produced CXCL13. Accordingly, CD8+ T cells from peripheral blood activated in the presence of TGFβ upregulated CD103 and secreted CXCL13. Conversely, inhibition of TGFβ receptor signaling abrogated CXCL13 production. CXCL13+CD103+CD8+ TILs correlated with B-cell recruitment, TLSs, and neoantigen burden in six cohorts of human tumors. Altogether, our findings indicated that TGFβ plays a noncanonical role in coordinating immune responses against human tumors and suggest a potential role for CXCL13+CD103+CD8+ TILs in mediating B-cell recruitment and TLS formation in human tumors.
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AND ITS APPLICABILITY THROUGH REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT AGENCIES
Authors: BAKIR Hasan , BAHTİYAR Görkem 
Published: March 2019

Increasing industrialization that came after the process of industrial revolution, has dried up and contaminated the limited natural sources in order to meet unlimited needs of the growing world population. Moreover, the globalizing world order has been causing a big gap between countries and between different regions of countries along with problems such as unemployment, poverty, pollution, social and environmental decay. Indeed, in the definition of sustainable development, environmental and social factors as well as economic factors are merged within an integrated approach. Enabling the use of regional resources in their respective regions while ensuring their control and including local actors in policy making processes are integral components of the sustainable development paradigm. Thus, the view that Regional Development Agencies would mitigate the adoption of sustainable development practices has emerged. In this study, practicability of the sustainable development policies with development agencies will be examined.
Ezekiel’s Promised Spirit as adam’s Revelatory Spirit in the Hodayot
Authors: Kozman Rony 
Published: March 2019

Abstract“And I know by the spirit that you placed in me” is a recurring formula in 1QHodayota (5:35–36; 20:14–15; 21:34). This essay demonstrates this formula’s compositional genesis with respect to the union of its constituent parts: the epistemic formula (“I know that”); and the divine-inputting formula (“that you placed in me”). Ezekiel’s promised spirit (Ezek 36:16–37:14) motivated this union, and 1QHa reaccentuates Ezekiel’s spirit as a revelatory spirit. This essay also shows the significance of the formula’s distribution in psalms of the Maskil, and its placement in contexts that conjoin Ezekiel’s promised spirit (Ezek 36:16–37:14) with adam’s creation (Genesis 1–3). The Maskil is liturgically enacted as an ignorant adamic “I” (Gen 2:7a) who is now a divinely inspirited adam (Ezek 36:16–37:14; Gen 2:7b), possessing the revelatory spirit that gives him the esoteric knowledge of God’s universe-ordering wisdom. The Maskil mediates his knowledge of the mystery to his community.
Should the Diaoyu/Senkaku Islands Be Classified as Islands or Rocks? An Examination in Light of the South China Sea Arbitration Award
Authors: Olorundami Fayokemi Ayodeji 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
In July 2016, an Arbitral Tribunal handed down its award in the South China Sea dispute between the Philippines and China. In addition to considering the legal status of the controversial nine-dash line, the Tribunal also provided the first judicial interpretation of Article 121 of the LOSC, thereby shedding light on what maritime features may be regarded as islands and not rocks within the meaning of that article, and therefore entitled to an exclusive economic zone (EEZ) and continental shelf. This article considers the decision reached by the Tribunal, and the views expressed in the literature, applying them to an analysis that attempts to answer whether the Diaoyu/Senkaku Islands (sovereignty over which is disputed by China and Japan) in the East China Sea would qualify as islands, and thus entitled to an EEZ and as a continental shelf, or as rocks and therefore not so entitled.
Protected Area Law in Seychelles: Legal Complexity in a Micro-jurisdiction
Authors: Techera Erika J. 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Seychelles is a small island nation with large maritime areas. It has an enviable natural environment and significant endemic biodiversity, both of which are at risk due to environmental pressures. Seychelles has been an active participant at the global level, ratifying a number of environmental treaties and leading blue economy developments. Nevertheless, its size and developing country status calls into question Seychelles’ ability to meet its goals. This issue is particularly pressing given the recent debt swap arrangement and commitment to establish marine protected areas across thirty percent of its exclusive economic zone. Relatively little legal research has been published in relation to Seychelles’ environmental laws. This article contributes to the literature by examining Seychelles’ area-based protection laws focusing particularly on the marine environment. The article analyses the legal frameworks and explores the extent to which these will enable Seychelles to meet its blue economy and marine conservation goals.
Church Development from a Missional Perspective
Authors: Müller Sabrina 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
The following article suggests considering church development from a missional point of view. Accordingly, at first an overview is provided of some missional movements from around the world. Although the emerging missional movements in the world differ, they still have a number of similarities. The following article presents these similarities in the form of a debate. A learning field for church development emerges from this, which reveals the potential to foster religious literacy and religious transformation.
Vaccination with an inactivated canine influenza H3N2 virus vaccine is safe and elicits an immune response in cats
Authors: Velineni Sridhar , Hainer Nicole , Conlee Douglas , Hutchinson Kendra 
Published: March 2019

Objectives The aim of this study was to evaluate safety and seroconversion when an inactivated H3N2 canine influenza virus (CIV) vaccine was administered to cats. Methods Twenty 7–8-week-old seronegative cats were randomly assigned to two groups of 10 animals each. Cats in treatment group T01 were subcutaneously administered two doses of an adjuvanted placebo 3 weeks apart to serve as non-immunized controls. Cats in treatment group T02 were subcutaneously administered with two doses of H3N2 CIV vaccine at 3 weeks apart. All animals were actively monitored for 5 days after each injection for local and systemic reactions. Tympanic temperatures were recorded the day before and 5 days after each vaccination. Blood samples for serology were collected prior to each vaccination (days –1 and 20), and 7 and 14 days post-second vaccination. Results Minor vocalization was observed in both control and vaccinated animals after the first and second dose administration. The only injection site reaction observed was mild swelling in one control cat, which resolved within 24 h. Transient fevers (39.5–39.7°C) that resolved within 24 h post-injection were observed in both treatment groups (T01 = 3/10 and T02 = 5/10). All vaccinated, but no control, animals successfully seroconverted within 14 days of second vaccination, with H3N2 CIV-specific hemagglutination inhibition (HAI) titers ranging from 32 to 128. Conclusions and relevance Cats vaccinated subcutaneously with an inactivated H3N2 CIV vaccine had similar rates of adverse events post-vaccination as the control group. Increased HAI titers provided evidence of post-vaccination seroconversion with the H3N2 CIV-vaccinated group.
RnBeads 2.0: comprehensive analysis of DNA methylation data
Authors: Müller Fabian , Scherer Michael , Assenov Yassen , Lutsik Pavlo , Walter Jörn , Lengauer Thomas , Bock Christoph 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
DNA methylation is a widely investigated epigenetic mark with important roles in development and disease. High-throughput assays enable genome-scale DNA methylation analysis in large numbers of samples. Here, we describe a new version of our RnBeads software - an R/Bioconductor package that implements start-to-finish analysis workflows for Infinium microarrays and various types of bisulfite sequencing. RnBeads 2.0 (https://rnbeads.org/) provides additional data types and analysis methods, new functionality for interpreting DNA methylation differences, improved usability with a novel graphical user interface, and better use of computational resources. We demonstrate RnBeads 2.0 in four re-runnable use cases focusing on cell differentiation and cancer.
Case Report: Successful embolisation of a ruptured splenic artery aneurysm in pregnancy
Authors: Crawley-Smith Tom 
Published: March 2019

Background: A case study of a successfully treated rupture of a splenic artery aneurysm during pregnancy, an exceedingly rare condition. The natural history, typical presentation, epidemiology, investigations and available treatments are discussed. Case: A multigravid 37-year-old presented with acute left upper quadrant pain in her twentieth week of pregnancy. After resuscitation and emergency imaging the patient was diagnosed with a ruptured splenic artery aneurysm. Remaining stable after initial resuscitation allowed for endovascular coiling of her aneurysm. Discussion: The presentation of ruptured splenic artery aneurysm is rare. While pregnancy is a risk factor, it represents less than 0.1% of pregnancies. However, when it does present it is associated with a high maternal and foetal mortality rate. In this case the stability of the patient allowed for imaging to confirm the diagnosis and the provision of endovascular coiling of the aneurysm. On review of the literature the condition characteristically is diagnosed at laparotomy.
Improved control of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) requires an additional advanced concept for public health – a perspective from a middle-income country
Authors: Muktabhant Benja , Schelp Frank Peter , Kraiklang Ratthaphol , Chupanit Pornpimon , Sanchaisuriya Pattara 
Published: March 2019

A major consequence of all elements of the ‘epidemiological transition’ is the rapid emergence of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in low- and middle-income countries. In contrast to the outcomes of the ‘Alma Ata Conference for Primary Health Care’, it has not yet been possible to introduce an equally powerful health policy for the prevention and control of NCDs. Major strategies so far are to advise individuals not to smoke and drink alcohol in excess. Additionally, ‘healthy’ nutrition and increased physical activity are also advocated. Policy for preventing and working against NCDs is now part of the Sustainable Development Goals, specifically target 3.4. So far, attempts to soften the influence of NCDs on the health of the people in low- and middle-income countries have been unsuccessful. It is argued here that additional concepts on how public health could operate against NCDs are needed. Major risk factors for NCDs interfere with and alter complex steps within the human metabolism. This paper explores how human metabolism works by assessing advances in molecular biology and research in genetics, epigenetics and gerontology. Recent developments in these scientific disciplines shed light on the complexity of how human health is maintained and diseases are invoked. Public health bodies should be aware, interested and possibly contribute to the aforementioned areas of interest, as far as NCDs are concerned, and translate major developments in a way, that could be useful in improving population health.