bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spatial Release From Masking Under Different Reverberant Conditions in Young and Elderly Subjects: Effect of Moving or Stationary Maskers at Circular and Radial Conditions
Authors: Viveros Muñoz Rhoddy , Aspöck Lukas , Fels Janina 
Published: September 2019

Purpose
Normal-hearing and hard-of-hearing listeners suffer from reduced speech intelligibility in noisy and reverberant environments. Although daily listening environments are in constant motion, most researchers have only studied speech-in-noise perception for stationary masker locations. The aim of this study was to investigate the spatial release from masking (SRM) of circularly and radially moving maskers under different room acoustic conditions for young and elderly subjects.

Method
Twelve young subjects with normal hearing and 12 elderly subjects with normal hearing or mild hearing loss were tested. Several different room acoustic conditions were simulated and reproduced via headphones using binaural synthesis. The target speech stream consisted of German digit triplets, and masker stream consisted of quasistationary noise with matched long-term averaged speech spectra. During the experiment, the position of the masker was changed to be in different stationary positions, or varied continuously. In the latter case, it was moved either on a circular trajectory spanning a 90° azimuth angle or on a radial trajectory linearly increasing the distance to the receiver from 0.5 m to 1.8 m. Absorption characteristics of the virtual room's surfaces were changed, recreating an anechoic room, a treated room with mean reverberation times (RT60) = 0.48 s, and an untreated room with mean RT60 = 1.26 s.

Results

For the circular condition, a significant difference was found between moving and stationary maskers,
F
(4, 44) = 20.91,
p
< .001, with a bigger SRM for stationary maskers than moving masker conditions. Also, both age groups displayed a significant decrease in SRM over the reverberation conditions:
F
(2, 22) = 12.24,
p
< .001.

For the radial condition, both age groups showed a significant decrease in SRM over the reverberation conditions,
F
(2, 22) = 13.62,
p
< .001, as well as the moving and stationary masker conditions,
F
(8, 88) = 29.23,
p
< .001. In general, the SRM of a moving masker decreased when the reverberation increased, especially for elderly subjects.

Conclusions
A radially moving masker led to improved SRM in an anechoic environment for both age groups, whereas a circularly moving masker caused degraded SRM, especially for elderly subjects in the highly reverberant environment.

Supplemental Material

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.9795371
Specific Language Impairment in African American English and Southern White English: Measures of Tense and Agreement With Dialect-Informed Probes and Strategic Scoring
Authors: Oetting Janna B. , Berry Jessica R. , Gregory Kyomi D. , Rivière Andrew M. , McDonald Janet 
Published: September 2019

Purpose
In African American English and Southern White English, we examined whether children with specific language impairment (SLI) overtly mark tense and agreement structures at lower percentages than typically developing (TD) controls, while also examining the effects of dialect, structure, and scoring approach.

Method
One hundred six kindergartners completed 4 dialect-informed probes targeting 8 tense and agreement structures. The 3 scoring approaches varied in the treatment of nonmainstream English forms and responses coded as Other (i.e., those not obligating the target structure). The unmodified approach counted as correct only mainstream overt forms out of all responses, the modified approach counted as correct all mainstream and nonmainstream overt forms and zero forms out of all responses, and the strategic approach counted as correct all mainstream and nonmainstream overt forms out of all responses except those coded as Other.

Results
With the probes combined and separated, the unmodified and strategic scoring approaches showed lower percentages of overt marking by the SLI groups than by the TD groups; this was not always the case for the modified scoring approach. With strategic scoring and dialect-specific cut scores, classification accuracy (SLI vs. TD) was highest for the 8 individual structures considered together, the past tense probe, and the past tense probe irregular items. Dialect and structure effects and dialect differences in classification accuracy also existed.

Conclusions
African American English– and Southern White English–speaking kindergartners with SLI overtly mark tense and agreement at lower percentages than same dialect–speaking TD controls. Strategic scoring of dialect-informed probes targeting tense and agreement should be pursued in research and clinical practice.
Categorization in the Perception of Breathy Voice Quality and Its Relation to Voice Production in Healthy Speakers
Authors: Park Yeonggwang , Perkell Joseph S. , Matthies Melanie L. , Stepp Cara E. 
Published: September 2019

Purpose
Previous studies of speech articulation have shown that individuals who can perceive smaller differences between similar-sounding phonemes showed larger contrasts in their productions of those phonemes. Here, a similar relationship was examined between the perception and production of breathy voice quality.

Method
Twenty females with healthy voices were recruited to participate in both a voice production and a perception experiment. Each participant produced repetitions of a sustained vowel, and acoustic correlates of breathiness were calculated. Identification and discrimination tasks were performed with a series of synthetic stimuli along a breathiness continuum. Categorical boundary location and boundary width were obtained from the identification task as a measurement of perception of breathiness. Spearman's correlation analysis was performed to estimate associations between values of boundary location and width and the acoustic correlates of breathiness from the participants' voices.

Results

Significant correlations between boundary width (
r
= −.53 to −.6) and some acoustic correlates were found, but no significant relationships were observed between boundary location and the acoustic correlates.

Conclusions
Speakers with small boundary widths, which suggest higher perceptual precision in differentiating breathiness, had typical voices that were less breathy, as estimated with acoustic measures, compared to speakers with large boundary widths. Our findings may support a link between perception and production of breathy voice quality.

Supplemental Material

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.9808478
VEXAS: VISTA EXtension to Auxiliary Surveys
Authors: Spiniello C. , Agnello A. 
Published: September 2019

Context.We present the first public data release of the VISTA EXtension to Auxiliary Surveys (VEXAS), comprising nine cross-matched multi-wavelength photometric catalogues where each object has a match in at least two surveys.Aims.Our aim is to provide spatial coverage that is as uniform as possible in the multi-wavelength sky and to provide the astronomical community with reference magnitudes and colours for various scientific uses: object classification (e.g. quasars, galaxies, and stars; high-zgalaxies, white dwarfs); photometric redshifts of large galaxy samples; searches of exotic objects (e.g. extremely red objects and lensed quasars).Methods.We cross-matched the wide-field VISTA catalogues (the VISTA Hemisphere Survey and the VISTA Kilo Degree Infrared Galaxy Survey) with the AllWISE mid-infrared Survey, requiring a match within 10″. We have further matched this table with X-ray and radio data (ROSAT, XMM, SUMSS). We also performed a second cross-match between VISTA and AllWISE, with a smaller matching radius (3″), including WISE magnitudes. We then cross-matched this resulting table (≈138 × 106objects) with three photometric wide-sky optical deep surveys (DES, SkyMapper, PanSTARRS). We finally included matches to objects with spectroscopic follow-up by the SDSS and 6dFGS.Results.To demonstrate the power of all-sky multi-wavelength cross-match tables, we show two examples of scientific applications of VEXAS, in particular using the publicly released tables to discover strong gravitational lenses (beyond the reach of previous searches) and to build a statistically large sample of extremely red objects.Conclusions.The VEXAS catalogue is currently the widest and deepest public optical-to-IR photometric and spectroscopic database in the southern hemisphere.
Study of the Acute Toxicity of a New Dosage Form of Naloxone Hydrochloride for Intranasal Administration
Authors: Bariev Eduard A. , Krasnyuk Ivan I. , Anurova Maria N. , Bakhrushina Elena O. , Smirnov Valery V. , Bardakov Alexander I. , Demina Natalya B. , Krasnyuk Ivan I. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe experiment was conducted on 10 Wistar rats, male and female, with initial body weight 270–280 g (males) and 250–260 g (females). The drug was administered using a spray cap in 10 doses of 0.1 mg at 45 min intervals. The average cumulative dose of the drug per naloxone hydrochloride was 36.6 mg/kg for males and 39.4 mg/kg for females. The animals were monitored for 2 weeks after the exposure and then euthanized by a gentle decapitation.We noticed that after each drug administration the animals showed a decrease in motor activity. During the observation period there were no animal deaths or signs of abnormalities in their general state or behavior. Beginning on day 7 a significant increase in body weight of the animals was noted in comparison with the initial data. The relative mass of the internal organs of the treated rats remained within the physiological norm.We conclude that naloxone hydrochloride after an intranasal administration at 36.6 mg/kg for males and 39.4 mg/kg for females does not cause death of animals and or have a toxic effect on their general state, does not change their protein metabolism characteristics or the appearance of the internal organs and their mass.
Axillary Artery Dissection and Thrombosis after Closed Proximal Humerus Fracture – a Rare Interdisciplinary Challenge
Authors: Razaeian Sam , Rustum Saad , Sonnow Lena , Meller Rupert , Krettek Christian , Hawi Nael 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackground Proximal humerus fractures account for 4 – 6% of all fractures and are a common result of low-energy trauma in the elderly. Concomitant neurovascular injury of the neighboring axillary artery and brachial plexus is a rarity, but has enormous impact on therapy, rehabilitation and prognosis. Diagnosis of axillary artery injury may be delayed due to its varied clinical presentation and lead to prolonged ischemia, distal necrosis and even loss of limb. Thorough clinical examination, high suspicion and identification of known predictors can be helpful in early diagnosis of this rare injury.Patients/Material and Methods We report a case of an intoxicated 76-year-old male who sustained a dislocated proximal humerus fracture, resulting in concomitant brachial plexopathy and axillary artery dissection with secondary thrombosis after a low-energy fall from standing height. Due to mistriage as a neurological emergency the somnolent patient presented under delayed circumstances at our traumatological emergency department, demonstrating pain, paleness, paralysis, paresthesia and non-palpable wrist pulses. Diagnosis was made through high suspicion after clinical examination with the aid of CT angiography. Emergent open reduction and anatomic shoulder hemiarthroplasty was performed followed by axillobrachial interposition grafting using a reversed saphenous vein graft and brachial plexus exploration.Results The surgical treatments were uncomplicated. The affected limb remains viable at 6-week follow-up; however, active shoulder function is limited due to residual brachial plexopathy.Conclusion Despite early diagnosis and management of this rare injury, the prognosis for functional recovery is guarded and largely dictated by the extent of neurological injury in the setting of concomitant brachial plexopathy. Brachial plexopathy is highly associated with axillary artery injury and its impact often underestimated in comparison due to its non-limb-threatening nature in the acute setting. Future studies should focus on the long-term prognosis for functional recovery in patients with this rare injury pattern.
Outcome of an “Enhanced Recovery” Program in Contemporary Total Hip Arthroplasty in Germany
Authors: Kutzner Karl Philipp , Meyer Alexander , Bausch Marie , Schneider Michael , Rehbein Philipp , Drees Philipp , Pfeil Joachim 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background An inpatient hospital stay of up to 10 days after total hip arthroplasty (THA) is still common in Germany, mostly followed by inpatient rehabilitation. Internationally already widespread concepts for enhanced recovery are increasingly gaining popularity in Germany.
Objectives The presentation of content and results of a newly implemented enhanced recovery concept in THA.
Materials and Methods In this single-center, prospective observational study of a consecutive patient collective of a single surgeon, between January 2016 and July 2016, 103 short-stem THA patients were enrolled and treated using a newly introduced enhanced recovery concept. After 6 weeks and 6 months clinical examination was performed regarding function, pain, satisfaction and possible complications.
Results The goal of discharge on day 4 after operation was reached in 61.2% of the patients with a mean postoperative inpatient stay of 4.9 days. After 6 weeks and 6 months respectively, excellent clinical results were achieved with high patient satisfaction. The complication rate was found to be low. Mean hemoglobin concentration decreased by 2.1 g/dl. A fissure of the femur below the implant healed conservatively applying no weight bearing for a total of 6 weeks. A pulmonary embolism that occurred during rehabilitation was also successfully treated. After 6 months one case showed a bursitis trochanterica.
Conclusions Inpatient length of stay can be reduced by enhanced recovery concepts without increasing the risks to patients. Thus, in Germany these concepts will be applied increasingly.
Advances and Controversies in Thoracentesis and Medical Thoracoscopy
Authors: Puchalski Jonathan 
Published: September 2019

AbstractPleural effusions are common and associated with high morbidity and mortality. Whereas thoracentesis can assist in achieving a diagnosis or therapy, advances in education and in the technique may prevent morbidity associated with the procedure. Medical thoracoscopy is often useful for undiagnosed effusions, as well as for therapeutic purposes. There is much enthusiasm about techniques for biopsies that extend beyond forceps. These include biopsies using a diathermic knife as well as cryoprobes. Similarly, adhesiolysis or other techniques to improve therapy in multiloculated effusions using medical thoracoscopy are contested. This review attempts to synthesize recent advances and controversies in thoracentesis and medical thoracoscopy as clinicians head into the next decade of treatment.
Osteogenic Differentiation and Biocompatibility of Bovine Teeth Scaffold with Rat Adipose-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Authors: Sari Desi Sandra , Maduratna Ernie , Latief Fourier Dzar Eljabbar , Nugraha Alexander Patera , Sudiana Ketut , Rantam Fedik Abdul ,   Ferdiansyah,   Satuman
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Objective Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) have great potential for regenerative medicine. These have been combined with biomaterials such as Bovine teeth that are preferred as a periodontal regeneration material. The main purpose of this study is to evaluate and analyze a biocompatibility test and osteogenic differentiation of bovine teeth scaffold seeded with ADMSCs in vitro.
Materials and Methods A true experimental study with post-test only group design was conducted. Random sampling and Lameshow's formula were used to determine the sample. The scaffold, obtained from bovine teeth as the bone graft material, was analyzed using 3- (4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, and its attachment was evaluated by scanning electron microcopy (SEM) and micro-computed tomography with ADMSCs. ADMDSCs attachment present in the bovine teeth scaffold was assessed using SEM at 1-hour, 12-hour, and 24-hour intervals.
Statistical Analysis Analysis of variance was used to analyze the MTT assay results (p < 0.05) based on normality and homogeneity test (p > 0.05).
Results The highest viability of cells (97.08%) was found at a concentration of 10% by means of an MTT test (p < 0.05). The results of three-dimensional bovine teeth scaffold showed the average particle size to be 500 µm. ADMSCs cell attachment to the scaffold bovine teeth showed a significant increase in the number of cells attached after 24 hours compared with those at 1 and 12 hours. Alizarin red staining showed an increase in ADMSC osteogenic differentiation after it was combined with bovine teeth scaffold.
Conclusion The scaffold from bovine teeth is biocompatible and accelerates osteogenic differentiation of ADMSC.
Pleural Disease in Women
Authors: Argento Angela Christine , Gillespie Colin T. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThere are several pleural diseases that occur either predominantly or exclusively in females. Most of these entities are related to obstetric or gynecological conditions. In this article, we will provide an overview of Meigs' syndrome, ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome, endometriosis, catamenial pneumothorax, catamenial hemothorax, pleural effusions that occur in the peripartum period, lymphangioleiomyomatosis, and malignant pleural effusions related to breast cancer. As most of these diagnoses are rare, considerable expertise is required to identify, diagnose, and manage these patients. The aim of this article is to present an overview of the most common forms of pleural disease affecting women, and to provide an easy reference source on current best practice.
Factors Important in Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Fellowship Program Selection
Authors: Lozada Kirkland N. , Bloom Jason D. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractFacial plastic and reconstructive surgery (FPRS) training programs offer exceptional exposure to the most current techniques in the field. However, applicants have many factors to weigh when ranking programs. Therefore, it is important to examine the factors that applicants believe to be the most critical when choosing an FPRS fellowship. This is an anonymous online survey of FPRS fellows between the years 2018 and 2020 (total 147). Respondents were asked to rate importance of program factors on a Likert scale (1–5). Of 147 applicants, 63 (43%) responded. Applicants found the type of practice, academic or private, equally important, with score averages of 3.02 and 3.25, respectively. The two most important program factors to applicants were exposure to the business of medicine/practice management (3.94) and location (3.4). The two most important areas of surgical exposure include rhinoplasty (4.54) and aging face (4.44). Of 63 applicants, 41 (65%) were interested in private practice, with 51% seeking a facial plastics/plastic reconstructive surgery group setting versus solo practice, general otolaryngology group, or dermatology group practice. Of 61 applicants, 48 (76%) wanted a mix of cosmetic/reconstructive surgery in their first 5 years of practice. Finally, applicants were not interested (average: 1.94) in keeping general otolaryngology as part of their practice. Applicants want strong exposure to the business of medicine, rhinoplasty, aging face, all while in their preferred location. Additionally, the majority of applicants seek employment in a plastic surgery focused group practice, with the sole focus being the breadth of FPRS.
Case Report of Rare Case of Cardiac Variant of Fabry’s Disease in a 2-Year-Old Child
Authors: Akidi Goutham 
Published: September 2019

AbstractFabry’s disease is caused by progressive lysosomal accumulation of neutral glycosphingolipids, primarily globotriaosylceramide. It results from deficiency of the enzyme α-galactosidase A, which is encoded by GLA on the X chromosome. Usually it presents in children as the classic variant, and the cardiac variant is extremely rare. Before labeling as cardiac variant in infants and children we should rule out other causes of the cardiac hypertrophy with left ventricular outflow tract obstruction like metabolic causes, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in infants, Noonan’s syndrome, and nesidioblastosis.We report a case of cardiac variant of Fabry’s disease in a 2-year-old male child. On evaluation he is found to have cardiac hypertrophy with no other features of Fabry’s disease, with low α galactosidase levels with no other systemic and syndromic features, which is an extremely rare presentation.
Management of Malignant Pleural Effusions—What Is New
Authors: Thomas Rajesh , Roy Bapti , Maldonado Fabien , Lee Y.C. Gary 
Published: September 2019

AbstractMalignant pleural effusion (MPE) is a common and challenging problem. Patients affected by MPE have a poor prognosis and suffer from breathlessness and impaired quality of life. The management of MPE has barely changed for many decades; however, recent research has driven new paradigms in the diagnosis and treatment of MPE and stimulated novel concepts that are being evaluated in many ongoing studies. This review provides an overview of recent advances in the diagnosis of MPE, including new cytopathology and imaging techniques, and the landmark studies that provide a solid evidence base to support the use of indwelling pleural catheters as first-line treatment in MPE. Lingering management dilemmas, including optimal chest drainage tube and role of surgery in MPE, and key knowledge gaps that are the focus of ongoing research are also highlighted.
Advocacy group effects in global governance: populations, strategies, and political opportunity structures
Authors: Dellmuth Lisa M. , Bloodgood Elizabeth A. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Global governance is no longer a matter of state cooperation or bureaucratic politics. Since the end of the cold war, advocacy groups have proliferated and enjoyed increasing access to global governance institutions such as the European Union, World Trade Organization, and the United Nations climate conferences. This special issue seeks to push theories of interest groups and international non-governmental organizations forward. We argue that the advocacy group effects on global governance institutions are best understood by examining how groups use and shape domestic and global political opportunity structures. The individual articles examine how, when, and why domestic and global political opportunity structures shape advocacy group effects in global governance, across global institutions, levels of government, advocacy organizations, issue areas, and over time. As special interests are becoming increasingly involved in global governance, we need to better understand how advocacy organizations may impact global public goods provision.