bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Automatic fault interpretation with optimal surface voting
Authors: Wu Xinming , Fomel Sergey 
Published: June 2018

Numerous types of fault attributes have been proposed to detect faults by measuring reflection continuities or discontinuities. However, these attributes can be sensitive to other seismic discontinuities, such as noise and stratigraphic features. In addition, fault features within a fault attribute image often cannot be continuously tracked. We have developed an optimal surface-voting method to enhance a fault attribute image so that the noisy features (unrelated to faults) are suppressed whereas the fault features become cleaner and more continuous. In this method, we first automatically pick seed points from the input attribute image and use these seeds as control points to compute optimal surface patches that pass through the control points and follow globally maximum fault attribute values. Then, we consider all the computed surfaces as voters and define voting scores for each voter by using fault attribute values that are smoothed along the surface voter. We further collect voting scores of all the voters to compute a voting score map as a new fault attribute image, in which fault features (with high scores) are much cleaner, sharper, and more continuous than those in the input attribute image. With the optimal surface voters, we can also accurately estimate fault orientations (strikes and dips) by computing weighted averages of the surface voter orientations. From a voting score map with clean and continuous fault features, fault surfaces can be extracted by tacking the fault features along the estimated fault orientations. The computational cost of the method depends on the number of seed points, not the size of the seismic volume, which makes the method highly efficient. With an four-core computer, our parallel implementation can process more than 1000 seeds in 1 s to compute the corresponding optimal voting surfaces and a final voting score map.
Fracture pattern of the Lower Paleozoic sedimentary cover in the Lublin Basin of southeastern Poland derived from seismic attribute analysis and structural restoration
Authors: Kufrasa Mateusz , Słonka Łukasz , Krzywiec Piotr , Dzwinel Krzysztof , Zacharski Jarosław 
Published: June 2018

We have characterized Late Devonian fracture systems in the northeastern part of the Lublin Basin in Poland using two independent approaches: (1) seismic data conditioning and volumetric attribute analysis and (2) structural restoration, geomechanical modeling, and fracture modeling. The study area was subjected to reverse faulting in the basement and fault-related folding at the end of Devonian. These late Devonian structures were not overprinted by later deformation events. We have applied a set of structurally oriented filters and seismic attributes aimed at highlighting discontinuities to reduce the seismic noise and improved the fracture visibility on structural steering volume. The main faults cutting intra-Neoproterozoic and intra-Ordovician horizons are principal east–west-striking reverse faults and minor northwest–southeast-oriented normal faults. Based on analysis of the seismic-scale faults, we have carried out fracture modeling for strike-slip and compressional stress fields, with a northwest–southeast-oriented axis of maximum compression. We have correlated tentative strikes for tensile, shear, and closing-mode fractures for both stress regimes, with fault-likelihood attribute maps. The observed fracture system can have developed in the strike-slip stress regime, although cracks generated due to gas overpressure, or of pre-Devonian age, are not excluded. The final fracture model may be extrapolated into Silurian strata, but the results should be perceived as a general approximation of structural trends due to significant differences in mechanical properties of Silurian shales and underlying Ordovician carbonates. Improved model calibration could be achieved after inspection of scanner image logs. We believe that understanding the fracture distribution within the gas-bearing Silurian strata may contribute to effective planning and performing of hydraulic fracturing because part of these fracture planes may be reopened and provide new conduits for fluid flow.
Are Global Breast Cancer Incidence and Mortality Patterns Related to Country-Specific Economic Development and Prevention Strategies?
Authors: Bellanger Martine , Zeinomar Nur , Tehranifar Parisa , Terry Mary Beth 
Published: June 2018

Purpose There remains considerable international variation in breast cancer incidence and mortality, but a comprehensive examination of rates by country level economic, development and cancer prevention policies is lacking. Materials and Methods We compared GLOBOCAN 2012 age-specific breast cancer incidence and mortality rates for 177 countries by using development and policy data available from the WHO Global Cancer Country Profiles data base. We classified each country on the basis of gross national income per capita from the World Development Indicators data base, as follows: low-income country (LIC), lower-middle–income country (LMIC), upper-middle–income country (UMIC), and high-income country (HIC). Results There were 1,651,326 breast cancer cases and 516,868 breast cancer deaths estimated in 2012. Approximately three quarters of all breast cancer cases and 60% of the breast cancer deaths were in women from HICs and UMICs. Age and country-level income explained approximately 60% of the international variation in breast cancer incidence and mortality in women of all ages (adjusted R2 = 58% and 60%, respectively). Economic development indicators additionally increased the overall variation in incidence and mortality by approximately 5%. In women younger than age 50 years, country-level income explained 68% of incidence and 59% of mortality; economic development indicators additionally increased this percentage by approximately 4%. Country-level cancer prevention policy indicators contributed little to explanation of the overall variation in incidence and mortality after analysis accounted for age and country-level income; however, an overall resource summary index of greater economic development and cancer prevention policies was related to lower mortality within each major income level. Conclusion Although breast cancer incidence increases with higher income levels in all ages, women in the poorest countries bear a relatively higher burden of breast cancer mortality, particularly women younger than age 50 years.
Phineas Finn, the Statistics of Character, and the Sensorium of Liberal Personhood
Authors: Womble David A. P. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThis essay argues that the Victorian novel recast the cognitive deficiencies associated with the mass as necessary traits for inhabiting a statistically rendered public sphere. In order to attribute personhood to an influx of potentially asocial bodies that fell short of the cognitive standards of liberal citizenship, statistical sciences around the time of the 1867 Reform Act reversed the usual priority given to the individual over the collective, redefining the self as a compilation of demographic and social information. When Anthony Trollope's 1867 Phineas Finn performs this constitution of character through collectivity, it disrupts both the interiorized mental procedures of Millian liberalism and our own critical practice of reading characters as metaphysically more than the cultural information of which they are composed. By unleashing statistical sciences into the dimension of character, Trollope supplants older models of social cohesion built around autonomous individuals who form collectives through sympathy and provides a matrix for transforming Enlightenment assumptions about what characters are and how to read them. The impulsivity and mental discontinuity associated with newly enfranchised Irish populations—the very modes of thought and feeling Enlightenment theories of sociality had classified as disruptive to sympathetic economy—prove key to internalizing and embodying statistical abstractions. The unruly affective signature of the masses long designated as liberalism's human surplus is thus rendered integral to the structure of opinion and decision.
Development of tri-component antibacterial hybrid fibres for potential use in wound care
Authors: Masood Rashid , Hussain Tanveer , Miraftab Mohsen , Ali Raza Zulfiqar , Ullah Azeem , Areeb Tanzeel , Umar Muhammad , Riaz Rabia 
Published: June 2018

Objective: Tri-component antibacterial psyllium-alginate-chitosan fibres were developed and their properties were studied with reference to their application in health-care. Method: Psyllium was co-extruded with sodium alginate as a carrier into a coagulation bath containing calcium chloride and hydrolysed chitosan. Different concentrations of the hydrolysed chitosan were used and an in vitro assessment of antibacterial activity of the produced fibres was carried out against the known pathogens of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The effect of hydrolysed chitosan bath composition on physical and mechanical properties of produced fibres was also examined. Results: Chitosan-containing fibres demonstrated a 70–130% thicker dry diameter than the control fibre (F1). The linear density of the fibre increased from 6.8 to 10 tex as the chitosan concentration increased from 10g/l to 30g/l (fibre type F1 to F4). With the addition of hydrolysed chitosan, distilled water absorption was increased while the saline and solution-A (0.83% w/v NaCl and 0.03% w/v CaCl2) absorption decreased. The percentage strain of hybrid fibres was lower than the control fibre due to the inclusion of hydrolysed chitosan. At lower viscosities of the hydrolysed chitosan bath, the fibres were much stiffer due to better penetration of the hydrolysed chitosan. Similarly, at lower viscosities, the tenacities of the hybrid fibres were higher than the control fibre. The hydrolysed chitosan-treated fibres were more effective against Staphylococcus aureus than the Escherichia coli, and the antibacterial activity increased with the decrease in viscosity of the hydrolysed chitosan bath. Conclusion: We developed novel PAC fibres. Antibacterial testing showed that hydrolysed chitosan was more effective against Gram-positive bacteria than Gram-negative bacteria.
STRATEGI PENYELESAIAN TINDAK KEKERASAN SEKSUAL TERHADAP PEREMPUAN DAN ANAK MELALUI RUU KEKERASAN SEKSUAL
Authors: Purwanti Ani , Zalianti Marzelina 
Published: June 2018

Pelanggaran hak asasi manusia terjadi pada semua subyek hukum termasuk perempuan dan anak dimana kelompaok ini merupakan subyek yang rentan khususnya kekerasan seksual, hal ini terlihat dari semakin meningkatnya kasus dan beragam jenis kekerasan yang terjadi. Penanganan terhadap masalah kekerasan terhadap perempuan dan anak selama ini menggunakan Undang-Undang yang ada yaitu Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana, UU No 23 Tahun 2004 tentang Pelananggulangan Kekerasan Dalam Rumah Tangga dan UU No 35 Tahun 2014 Tentang Perlindungan Anak, saat ini dianggap tidak cukup mampu mengatasi meningkatnya kasus yang terjadi, khususnya jenis kekerasan seksual yang semakin beragam. Jenis kekerasan yang tidak terakomodir dalam regulasi yang ada dan menjadi obyek dalam RUU Kekerasan Seksual adalah pelecehan seksual; eksploitasi seksual; pemaksaan kontrasepsi; pemaksaan aborsi; perkosaan; pemaksaan perkawinan; pemaksaan pelacuran; perbudakan seksual; dan penyiksaan seksual. Ruang lingkup pengaturan mengenai penghapusan kekerasan seksual meliputi pencegahan, penanganan, perlindungan dan pemulihan bagi korban, serta penindakan pelaku. Penghapusan kekerasan seksual yang diatur dalam RUU ini adalah elaborasi dari kewajiban negara dalam mengurangi dan mpenegakan hokum persoalan yang terkait dengan kekerasan seksual yang sering dialami oleh perempuan dan anak. Dalam implementasinya, selain dengan Aparat Penegak Hukum negara wajib melibatkan keluarga, komunitas, organisasi masyarakat,lembaga pers dan korporasi.
Building Prototypes Aggregating Musicological Datasets on the Semantic Web
Authors: Nurmikko-Fuller Terhi , Bangert Daniel , Dix Alan , Weigl David , Page Kevin 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Semantic Web technologies such as RDF, OWL, and SPARQL can be successfully used to bridge complementary musicological information. In this paper, we describe, compare, and evaluate the datasets and workflows used to create two such aggregator projects: In Collaboration with In Concert, and JazzCats, both of which bring together a cluster of smaller projects containing concert and performance metadata.
Die drei Dimensionen des Dokuments und ihre Auswirkungen auf die Bibliotheks- und Informationswissenschaft
Authors: Salaün Jean-Michel 
Published: June 2018

ZusammenfassungDas Dokument wird in seinen drei Dimensionen analysiert: die Form, der Inhalt und die Funktion der Vermittlung. Das Web wird als die Erscheinungsform einer neuen dokumentarischen Ordnung verstanden, die geeigneter ist, den Anforderungen einer tiefgreifend gewandelten Welt zu entsprechen. Apple, Google, Facebook, jede der drei Firmen setzen jeweils auf eine der drei Dokumentdimensionen. Die Informationsarchitektur lässt neue professionelle Kompetenzen entstehen, die zur unumgänglichen Erneuerung der Informationswissenschaften beitragen könnten.
Im Labyrinth
Authors: Wegmann Nikolaus 
Published: June 2018

Zusammenfassung
Ausgehend von der Fallstudie der Bibliotheksbenutzung durch Johann Wolfgang von Goethe wird die Operation des Suchens und Findens speziell in der Bibliothek als risikoreiches Eintreten in ein Labyrinth beschrieben. Den aktuellen Versuchen gerade auch nutzerorientierter Formalisierung des Suchprozesses wird entgegen gehalten, dass diese nicht der eigentlichen „Qualität“ der Bibliothek entsprechen. Es wird eine Bibliothekskritik gefordert, die das Operative des Findens jenseits von Recommender-Systemen und einfacher Serendipity in den Blick nimmt.
Simultaneous Increase of H2 and Gasoline Production by Optimizing Thermally Coupled Methanol Steam Reforming with Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis
Authors: Karimipourfard Dornaz , Nemati Nasrin , Bahrani Samaneh , Rahimpour Mohammad Reza 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
The worldwide growing of gaseous pollutions amount has attracted a great deal of attention for development of clean energy resources like hydrogen. Recently, methanol steam reforming (MSR) has been considered as an effective method for hydrogen production compared to other fuels for reforming. Indeed, advantages of methanol such as its good accessibility and properties like its low boiling point and low probability of coke formation as well as high hydrogen to carbon ratio encourage utilizing this substance in reforming process. Therefore, in this work, MSR as an endothermic reaction has been innovatively coupled with Fischer-Tropsch (FT) exothermic synthesis in order to enhance the yield of hydrogen and gasoline production. Presence of membrane in the proposed thermally coupled membrane reactor (TCMR) promotes H2 separation as the desired product. A homogeneous one-dimensional steady- state model was considered in the present work. Differential evolution (DE) optimization technique was used to optimize feed molar flow rates and inlet temperatures in both endothermic and exothermic reaction sides with the aim of maximizing gasoline and H2 yields (in both sides). Results show 42.1 % increase in gasoline yield production and simultaneously high H2 production yield of 68.5 % in exothermic side compared with the industrial FT reactor that is considered as conventional reactor (CR). Moreover, the suggested configuration can be considered as an energy and cost effective strategy as a result of supplying required energy for endothermic section by generated heat in the exothermic side.
Seeing Red (or Blue): How Party Identity Colors Political Cognition
Authors: Goggin Stephen N. , Theodoridis Alexander G. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractMany Americans associate themselves with their political party in a deep, visceral way. Voter identification with a political party has powerful implications for not just how voters behave, but how there are exposed to and receive information about the world. We describe how this tying of one’s self-concept to a party, which can be analogous to die-hard sports fandom, plays a central role in political cognition. It leads voters identifying with the two parties to perceive the political (and even seemingly apolitical) world in dramatically different ways. We detail the psychological mechanisms by which this party identity produces these distortions and offer examples of the bias that emerges. We conclude by discussing the implications of these phenomena for perpetuating our current hyper-polarized political discourse.
The Dynamics of Voter Preferences in the 2016 Presidential Election
Authors: Weinschenk Aaron C. , Panagopoulos Costas 
Published: June 2018

AbstractUsing daily polling data collected during the 2016 election, we examine the impact of fundamental conditions, campaign events, media coverage, and other relevant events and announcement on preference dynamics. We observe shifts in voter preferences for president over the course of the campaign and find evidence that these dynamics can be explained by specific circumstances and conditions. Our findings reinforce the potency of fundamental conditions, like presidential approval, but they also demonstrate that political events like national nominating conventions and debates can affect preferences in meaningful and enduring ways. Importantly, our research also suggests that developments commonly perceived to have affected voter preferences in 2016, like FBI Director James Comey’s memo to Congress about Hillary Clinton’s e-mails in October, likely exerted a minimal impact on the election, at least once the impact of other factors are taken into account. In this respect, some of our findings conflict with conventional accounts of campaign dynamics in 2016.
Garavellite and associated sulphosalts from the Strieborná vein in the Rožňava ore field (Western Carpathians)
Authors: Mikuš Tomáš , Kondela Julian , Jacko Stanislav , Milovská Stanislava 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
The article presents the first description of a complete and continuous series from berthierite to garavellite sulphosalts in the Western Carpathians. Berthierite is a common main or accessory phase of Sb mineralizations in the Western Carpathians, and occurs at many localities and ore deposits as well. On the other side, garavellite or Bi-rich berthierite is a relatively rare accessory phase. The highest Bi content in garavellite reaches up to 38.04 wt. % which represents 0.90 apfu, and its crystallochemical formula can be written as Fe0.97Sb1.07Bi0.90S3.98. Raman band shifts were observed in the isomorphic berthierite–garavellite series. Garavellite occurs in the younger stages of sulphidic mineralization, and associates with tetrahedrite, berthierite, Bi-chalcostibite, Sb-bismuthinite, Bi-stibnite, ullmanite and cinnabarite. It creates irregular grains and veinlets in pre-existing tetrahedrite, or forms myrmekite intergrowths with chalcopyrite in tetrahedrite. Bi content in chalcostibite is up to 0.20 apfu. Besides the tetrahedrite, pre-existing sulphosalts are the members of the tintinaite–kobellite series, Bi-jamesonite and bournonite. The Sb/(Sb+Bi) ratio of minerals of the tintinaite–kobellite series varies from 0.37 to 0.80. The maximum content of Bi in jamesonite is up to 1.22 apfu. A vertical zonation at the ore vein body (mining levels 6 / 180 a.s.l., 8 / 80 a.s.l., 10 / 20 b.s.l.) is represented by the Sb decrease along with the Bi increase with increasing depth. Bi content continuously decreases during the older ore mineralization stage and Sb increases at the younger mineralization stage. Both of the stages have been enriched by Sb as well.
Profiling system for skin kallikrein proteolysis applied in gene-deficient mouse models
Authors: Horn Martin , Zbodakova Olga , Kasparek Petr , Srp Jaroslav , Haneckova Radka , Hradilek Martin , Mares Michael , Sedlacek Radislav 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Kallikrein-related proteases (KLKs) play a critical role in epidermis physiology and have been implicated in skin pathologies such as Netherton syndrome. The contribution of individual KLKs to skin proteolysis is poorly understood. Monitoring of their activities in skin proteome is hampered by overlapping substrate specificities, and there is a need for novel assays. Here, we present a platform of selective and sensitive fluorogenic substrates and inhibitors for profiling KLK5, KLK7 and KLK14. These chemical tools were evaluated using recombinant KLKs and tissue from a unique set of mice deficient in eight combinations of KLKs and their natural regulator LEKTI.
One-year changes in physical activity and sedentary behavior among adolescents: the Croatian Physical Activity in Adolescence Longitudinal Study (CRO-PALS)
Authors: Štefan Lovro , Sorić Maroje , Devrnja Antonela , Petrić Vilko , Mišigoj-Duraković Marjeta 
Published: June 2018

AbstractBackgroundLittle is known about the concurrent change in physical activity (PA), sedentary behavior (SB) and sport participation (SP) during adolescence. The main purpose of this prospective and partly objective study was to simultaneously investigate PA, SBs and SP changes between the 1st and 2nd grades of high school in urban adolescents.MethodsIn this 1-year follow-up study, the participants were 81 secondary-school students (28 boys and 53 girls) aged 15.5 years at the baseline. PA was assessed with the SenseWear Armband multi-sensor activity monitor, while SBs were assessed by using School Health Action, Planning and Evaluation System (SHAPES) PA questionnaire. The SHAPES questionnaire was supplemented with two questions inquiring about SP in organized sports in school and outside of school.ResultsPA decreased markedly in both genders between the 1st and 2nd grades of high school. Total energy expenditure (TEE) was reduced by 13 kcal/kg/day on average in boys and by 10 kcal/kg/day in girls (p for both <0.001), while mean daily active energy expenditure (AEE) decreased by 7 kcal/kg/day (p < 0.001) and 3 kcal/kg/day (p = 0.04) in boys and girls, respectively. Similarly, the amount of moderate PA declined by 49 min/day in boys and 21 min/day in girls (p for both <0.001). At the same time vigorous PA was cut by 14 min/day (p < 0.001) and 3 min/day (p = 0.003) in boys and girls, respectively. Conversely, time spent in SBs did not show any change.ConclusionIn conclusion, a decline in PA between the 1st and 2nd grades of high school was marked but was not accompanied with an increase in SBs. Policies aimed at increasing PA should be targeting the period of entering secondary school to offset the observed drop in PA.
Counting matters: quantifying the vitality and value of Basque
Authors: Urla Jacqueline , Burdick Christa 
Published: June 2018

AbstractScholars of language policy and politics have increasingly come to appreciate that there is much insight to be gained by scrutinizing data collection practices and the debates around them. What is (or is not) counted and how counting is done has consequence, but in ways that are not always self-evident. Taking the Basque Autonomous Community (BAC) in Spain as a case study, this article examines the historical context in which census and other statistical surveys of language emerged and what the changing forms of quantification can tell us about the evolution of language advocacy discourse and politics more generally. We will look at how concerns with tracking marginalization led minority language advocates to experiment with measures of oral use and linguistic landscapes in the public sphere. The final section examines how economistic and quality management techniques have gained traction in recent efforts to quantify Basque value and vitality today. We conclude with a consideration of the insights to be gained by looking at quantification efforts from the point of view of minority language advocacy.