bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multipartite Quantum Coherence and Distribution under the Unruh Effect
Authors: He Juan , Ding Zhi‐Yong , Shi Jia‐Dong , Wu Tao 
Published: August 2018

AbstractQuantum coherence of the tripartite W state and Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger (GHZ) state under the Unruh effect are explored based on the model of a two‐level detector qubit coupled to a massless scalar field. The results reveal that Unruh thermal noise really destroys tripartite quantum resources. It is worth mentioning that the quantum coherence of the GHZ state reaches zero in the infinite acceleration limit, but that of the W‐state always remains nonzero. Coherence of the GHZ state displays a sudden death as the coupling parameter grows, while coherence freezing can be witnessed for the W state. It can be concluded that the W state is more robust than the GHZ state against Unruh radiation. Moreover, the related investigation can be expanded to N‐qubit quantum systems and the corresponding analytical solution is obtained. It indicates that the larger number W‐type entangled qubit can be as a better quantum resource for quantum information tasks under the Unruh effect.
H2 Oxidation Electrocatalysis Enabled by Metal‐to‐Metal Hydrogen Atom Transfer: A Homolytic Approach to a Heterolytic Reaction
Authors: Chambers Geoffrey M. , Wiedner Eric S. , Bullock R. Morris 
Published: August 2018

AbstractOxidation of H2 in a fuel cell converts the chemical energy of the H−H bond into electricity. Electrocatalytic oxidation of H2 by molecular catalysts typically requires one metal to perform multiple chemical steps: bind H2, heterolytically cleave H2, and then undergo two oxidation and two deprotonation steps. The electrocatalytic oxidation of H2 by a cooperative system using Cp*Cr(CO)3H and [Fe(diphosphine)(CO)3]+ has now been invetigated. A key step of the proposed mechanism is a rarely observed metal‐to‐metal hydrogen atom transfer from the Cr−H complex to the Fe, forming an Fe−H complex that is deprotonated and then oxidized electrochemically. This “division of chemical labor” features Cr interacting with H2 to cleave the H−H bond, while Fe interfaces with the electrode. Neither metal is required to heterolytically cleave H2, so this system provides a very unusual example of a homolytic reaction being a key step in a molecular electrocatalytic process.
Boosting Hydrogen Production by Anodic Oxidation of Primary Amines over a NiSe Nanorod Electrode
Authors: Huang Yi , Chong Xiaodan , Liu Cuibo , Liang Yu , Zhang Bin 
Published: August 2018

AbstractFor electrocatalytic water splitting, the sluggish anodic oxygen evolution reaction (OER) restricts the cathodic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Therefore, developing an alternative anodic reaction with accelerating kinetics to produce value‐added chemicals, especially coupled with HER, is of great importance. Now, a thermodynamically more favorable primary amine (−CH2−NH2) electrooxidation catalyzed by NiSe nanorod arrays in water is reported to replace OER for enhancing HER. The increased H2 production can be obtained at cathode; meanwhile, a variety of aromatic and aliphatic primary amines are selectively electrooxidized to nitriles with good yields at the anode. Mechanistic investigations suggest that NiII/NiIII may serve as the redox active species for the primary amines transformation. Hydrophobic nitrile products can readily escape from aqueous electrolyte/electrode interface, avoiding the deactivation of the catalyst and thus contributing to continuous gram‐scale synthesis.
Design of microfluidic bioreactors: Transport regimes
Authors: Piemonte Vincenzo , Cerbelli Stefano , Capocelli Mauro , Di Paola Luisa , Prisciandaro Marina , Basile Angelo 
Published: August 2018

AbstractAn advection–diffusion–reaction transport model for a continuous reactor characterized by a simple geometry is simulated to provide a design guidance for the realization of an optimized experimental prototype consisting of a rectangular channel hosting a scaffold slab that provides an immobilizing support for the cells. A counter‐current carrier flow crossing the channel feeds the oxygen and growth factors and ensures the removal of metabolic products. A more complex sinusoidal configuration, which has been recently used as for hepatocyte culture, is proposed and evaluated. Silico tests shows how the designed device is able to replicate the endothelial–parenchymal interface of a liver sinusoid.
Adaptive Fault‐Tolerant Attitude Tracking Control of Rigid Spacecraft on Lie Group with Fixed‐Time Convergence
Authors: Shi Xiao‐Ning , Zhou Zhi‐Gang , Zhou Di 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThis paper investigates the fixed‐time attitude tracking problem for rigid spacecraft in the presence of inertial uncertainties, external disturbances, actuator faults, and input saturation constraints. The logarithm map is first utilized to transform the tracking problem on SO(3) into the stabilization one on its associated Lie algebra (
). A novel nonsingular fixed‐time‐based sliding mode is designed, which not only avoids the singularity but also guarantees that the convergence time of tracking errors along the sliding surface is independent of the state value. Then, an adaptive fault‐tolerant control law is constructed, in which an online adaptive law is incorporated to estimate the upper boundary of the lumped uncertainties. The combined control scheme enforces the system state to reach a neighborhood of the sliding surface in the sense of the fixed‐time concept. The key feature of the resulting control scheme is that it can accommodate actuator failures under limited control torque without the knowledge of fault information. Numerical simulations are finally performed to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed fixed‐time controllers.
Teleoperation Control of a Position‐Based Impedance Force Controlled Mobile Robot by Neural Network Learning: Experimental Studies
Authors: Choi Hojin , Jung Seul 
Published: August 2018

AbstractEffective haptic performance in teleoperation control systems can be achieved by solving two major problems: the time‐delay in communication channels and the transparency of force control. The time‐delay in communication channels causes poor performance and even instability in a system. The transparency of force feedback is important for an operator to improve the performance of a given task. This article suggests a possible solution for these two problems through the implementation of a teleoperation control system between the master haptic device and the slave mobile robot. Regulation of the contact force in the slave mobile robot is achieved by introducing a position‐based impedance force control scheme in the slave robot. The time‐delay problem is addressed by forming a Smith predictor configuration in the teleoperation control environment. The configuration of the Smith predictor structure takes the time‐delay term out of the characteristic equation in order to make the system stable when the system model is given a priori. Since the Smith predictor is formulated from exact linear modeling, a neural network is employed to identify and model the slave robot system as a nonlinear model estimator. Simulation studies of several control schemes are performed. Experimental studies are conducted to verify the performance of the proposed control scheme by regulating the contact force of a mobile robot through the master haptic device.
Change points in heavy‐tailed multivariate time series: Methods using precision matrices
Authors: Cribben Ivor 
Published: August 2018

AbstractWe propose two robust data‐driven techniques for detecting network structure change points between heavy‐tailed multivariate time series for situations where both the placement and number of change points are unknown. The first technique utilizes the graphical lasso method to estimate the change points, whereas the second technique utilizes the tlasso method. The techniques not only locate the change points but also estimate an undirected graph (or precision matrix) representing the relationship between the time series within each interval created by pairs of adjacent change points. An inference procedure on the edges is used in the graphs to effectively remove false‐positive edges, which are caused by the data deviating from normality. The techniques are compared using simulated multivariate t‐distributed (heavy‐tailed) time series data and the best method is applied to two financial returns data sets of stocks and indices. The results illustrate the method's ability to determine how the dependence structure of the returns changes over time. This information could potentially be used as a tool for portfolio optimization.
Statistische Energiekennzahlen für Deutschland: Heizenergie‐Verbrauchsentwicklung im Wohnungsbestand seit 2004
Authors: Schröder Franz , Seeberg Axel , Novotny Dieter , Johannsen Frank , Cerny Ralph 
Published: August 2018

AbstractEs werden repräsentative Trends der Energiekennzahlen für den Deutschen Wohngebäudebestand von 2004 bis 2016 präsentiert. Dabei basiert die statistische Gesamtheit auf 1,6 Mio. Gebäudeenergieabrechnungen und erfasst damit ca. 1,2 Mrd. m2 Wohnfläche, 180 TWh Energie, 200 Mio. m3 Trinkwasser und differenziert nach Heizanlagentyp und Gebäudegröße. Beobachtet wird im Mittel eine Reduktion des reinen Energieverbrauchs für Raumheizung von 11 bis12 %. Gegenläufig hingegen zeigt sich der Trend beim Energieeinsatz für Trinkwassererwärmung (TWE), nämlich ansteigend um 5 bis 6 % sowie eine effektive Steigerung des TWE‐Anteils am Energieeinsatz um 2 % von etwa 22 auf 24 %. Die effektive Heizenergiereduktion ist zudem im Abnehmen begriffen, denn zwei Drittel entfallen bereits auf den Zeitraum bis 2010 und nur ein Drittel auf die Periode danach. Der hochgerechnete relative Reduktionstrend für Einfamilienhäuser fällt insgesamt um knapp ein Drittel geringer aus, d. h. der reine Heizenergieverbrauch von 2013 bis 2016 liegt nur etwa 8 bis 8,5 % unter dem der Jahre 2004 bis 2008. Die beobachteten Reduktionen des Heizenergieverbrauchs durch energetische Sanierung oder Neubau fallen demnach deutlich geringer aus als gemäß EnEV veranschlagt. In Umfang und Kontext durchaus repräsentativ für den deutschen Wohnungsbestand belegt diese Statistik belastbar die bestehende Diskrepanz zu den EU Klimazielen 20 – 20 – 20. Im Hinblick auf klimawirksame CO2‐Minderung hat sich die Bedeutung der kostenintensiven, rein bauphysikalischen Maßnahmen im Wohngebäudebestand daher stark relativiert. Möglicherweise stößt eine isoliert via EnEV erreichbare Minderung des Endenergieverbrauchs an Grenzen, dergestalt, dass Investitionen entschlossener auf Verringerung des Primärenergiebedarfs, d. h. auf forcierten Austausch der Energieträger, effiziente Sektorenkopplung unter Verkehrsvermeidung sowie auf den Ausbau digitaler Assistenzsysteme zur Energieeffizienzsteigerung und Personenversorgung in den Wohnumgebungen zugeschnitten werden sollten.
Algorithm for adaptive learning process and improving learners’ skills in Java programming language
Authors: Gavrilović Nebojša , Arsić Aleksandra , Domazet Dragan , Mishra Alok 
Published: August 2018

AbstractAdaptive approaches within distance learning systems enable adapting teaching process to the needs of each learner during the learning process. This paper presents an algorithm for creating an adaptive learning process that provides knowledge and skills improvement for learners in the Java programming language. Also, it presents the application of the tool that checks the learner's knowledge through solving practical tasks from the Java programming language. The adaptive learning process in this work leads the learner through teaching materials and practical tasks where the acquired knowledge is required to be applied. Also, the algorithm, based on the measurement of knowledge and time spent on a particular part of the learning process with detailed feedback and the demonstration of observed deficiencies, directs the learner to teaching materials that allow improving the demonstrated knowledge. Teaching materials are conceived as learning objects and, as such, allow for the application of adaptive approach. An analysis of the effectiveness of the algorithm and tool for practical knowledge testing from the Java programming language was done with a test group of learners who gave their opinions and grades.
Molecular profiles of tumor contrast enhancement: A radiogenomic analysis in anaplastic gliomas
Authors: Liu Xing , Li Yiming , Sun Zhiyan , Li Shaowu , Wang Kai , Fan Xing , Liu Yuqing , Wang Lei , Wang Yinyan , Jiang Tao 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe presence of contrast enhancement (CE) on magnetic resonance (MR) imaging is conventionally regarded as an indicator for tumor malignancy. However, the biological behaviors and molecular mechanism of enhanced tumor are not well illustrated. The aim of this study was to investigate the molecular profiles associated with anaplastic gliomas (AGs) presenting CE on postcontrast T1‐weighted MR imaging. In this retrospective database study, RNA sequencing and MR imaging data of 91 AGs from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and 64 from the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA) were collected. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), significant analysis of microarray, generalized linear models, and Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator algorithm were used to explore radiogenomic and prognostic signatures of AG patients. GSEA indicated that angiogenesis and epithelial‐mesenchymal transition were significantly associated with post‐CE. Genes driving immune system response, cell proliferation, and focal adhesions were also significantly enriched. Gene ontology of 237 differential genes indicated consistent results. A 48‐gene signature for CE was identified in TCGA and validated in CGGA dataset (area under the curve = 0.9787). Furthermore, seven genes derived from the CE‐specific signature could stratify AG patients into two subgroups based on overall survival time according to corresponding risk score. Comprehensive analysis of post‐CE and genomic characteristics leads to a better understanding of radiology‐pathology correlations. Our gene signature helps interpret the occurrence of radiological traits and predict clinical outcomes. Additionally, we found nine prognostic quantitative radiomic features of CE and investigated the underlying biological processes of them.
Effect of mechanistic target of rapamycin inhibitors on postrenal transplantation malignancy: A nationwide cohort study
Authors: Hou Yi‐Chou , Chang Yen‐Chen , Luo Hao‐Lun , Lu Kuo‐Cheng , Chiang Po‐Huang 
Published: August 2018

AbstractBackgroundPost‐transplantation malignancy influenced graft survival and overall survival in the patients receiving renal transplantation. Immunosuppressants influenced the immune surveillance, but whether immunosuppressive agents have impact for incidence of post‐transplantation malignancy is still elusive in Taiwan.MethodWe conducted a nationwide population‐based study. Patients who did not have malignancy history and received kidney transplantation between 2000 and 2010 were enrolled. Specific immunosuppressive users are defined as sustained use (more than 12 months) after renal transplantation. The primary outcome is the development of cancer after kidney transplantation. A Cox proportional hazards model was used to determine the risk of cancer development.ResultAmong 4438 recipients, 559 of them were diagnosed with malignancy after 1 year of transplantation. A total of 742 of recipients were as user of mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitors. The mTOR users had higher rate of receiving pulse therapy. The hazard ratios (HR) for mTOR inhibitor users with exposure more than 5 years for overall malignancy and urothelial malignancy were 0.68 (95% CI: 0.48‐0.95, P = 0.02) and 0.60 (95% CI: 0.36‐0.99, P = 0.02), respectively. For the overall mortality and reentry of dialysis, the probability of both groups was similar (overall mortality: P = 0.53; reentry of dialysis: P = 0.77).ConclusionAmong the recipients of renal transplantation in Taiwan, mTOR inhibitors with exposure more than 5 years provided a protective role in reducing the risk of overall neoplasm and urothelial malignancy. The probability of reentry of dialysis and overall mortality was similar between the mTORi users and nonusers.
Cancer patients as frequent attenders in emergency departments: A national cohort study
Authors: Wong Ting Hway , Lau Zheng Yi , Ong Whee Sze , Tan Kelvin Bryan , Wong Yu Jie , Farid Mohamad , Teo Melissa Ching Ching , Yee Alethea Chung Pheng , Nguyen Hai V. , Ong Marcus Eng Hock , Iyer N. Gopalakrishna 
Published: August 2018

AbstractBackgroundCancer patients contribute significantly to emergency department (ED) utilization. The objective of this study was to identify factors associated with patients becoming ED frequent attenders (FA) after a cancer‐related hospitalization.MethodsA retrospective cohort study was conducted using national administrative, billing, and death records of Singapore residents discharged alive from Singapore public hospitals from January 2012 to December 2015, with a primary discharge diagnosis of cancer. Patients with four or more ED visits within any 12‐month period after discharge from their index hospitalization were classified as FA. Time to FA distribution was estimated using the Kaplan‐Meier method, and factors associated with risk of FA were identified using multivariate Cox regression analyses.ResultsRecords for 47 235 patients were analyzed, of whom 2980 patients were FA within the study period. Age (<17 years, hazard ratio [HR] 2.92, 95% CI 2.28‐3.74; 75‐84 years, HR 1.29, 95% CI 1.16‐1.45; and ≥85 years, HR 1.71, 95% CI 1.45‐2.02, relative to age 55‐64), male gender (HR 1.26, 95% CI 1.16‐1.37), Charlson comorbidity index (HR 1.21, 95% CI 1.19‐1.23), and socioeconomic factors (Medifund use, HR 1.40, 95% CI 1.23‐1.59; housing subsidy type, HR 2.12, 95% CI 1.77‐2.54) were associated with increased risk of FA. Primary malignancies associated with FA included brain and spine (HR 2.51, 95% CI 1.67‐3.75), head and neck cancers (tongue, HR 2.05, 95% CI 1.27‐3.31; hypopharynx, HR 2.72, 95% CI 1.56‐4.74), lung (trachea and lung, HR 1.57, 95% CI 1.13‐2.18; pleural, HR 3.69, 95% CI 2.12‐6.34), upper gastrointestinal (stomach, HR 1.93, 95% CI 1.26‐2.74; esophagus, HR 4.13, 95% CI 2.78‐6.13), hepato‐pancreato‐biliary (liver, HR 1.42, 95% CI 1.01‐2.00, pancreas, HR 2.48, 95% CI 1.72‐3.59), and certain hematological malignancies (diffuse non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma, HR1.59, 95% CI 1.08‐2.33, lymphoid leukemia, HR 1.86, 95% CI 1.21‐2.86). Brain (HR 1.69, 95% CI 1.27‐2.26), lung (HR 1.31, 95% CI 1.01‐1.71), liver (HR 1.46, 95% CI 1.14‐1.89), and bone (HR 1.35, 95% CI 1.04‐1.76) metastases were also associated with FA.ConclusionThere are cancer‐specific factors contributing to ED frequent attendance. Additional resources should be allocated to support high‐risk groups and prevent unnecessary ED use.
Core‐binding factor acute myeloid leukemia with t(8;21): Risk factors and a novel scoring system (I‐CBFit)
Authors: Ustun Celalettin , Morgan Elizabeth , Moodie Erica E. M. , Pullarkat Sheeja , Yeung Cecilia , Broesby‐Olsen Sigurd , Ohgami Robert , Kim Young , Sperr Wolfgang , Vestergaard Hanne , Chen Dong , Kluin Philip M. , Dolan Michelle , Mrózek Krzysztof , Czuchlewski David , Horny Hans‐Peter , George Tracy I. , Kristensen Thomas Kielsgaard , Ku Nam K. , Yi Cecilia Arana , Møller Michael Boe , Marcucci Guido , Baughn Linda , Schiefer Ana‐Iris , Hilberink J. R. , Pullarkat Vinod , Shanley Ryan , Kohlschmidt Jessica , Coulombe Janie , Salhotra Amandeep , Soma Lori , Cho Christina , Linden Michael A. , Akin Cem , Gotlib Jason , Hoermann Gregor , Hornick Jason , Nakamura Ryo , Deeg Joachim , Bloomfield Clara D. , Weisdorf Daniel , Litzow Mark R. , Valent Peter , Huls Gerwin , Perales Miguel‐Angel , Borthakur Gautam 
Published: August 2018

AbstractBackgroundAlthough the prognosis of core‐binding factor (CBF) acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is better than other subtypes of AML, 30% of patients still relapse and may require allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (alloHCT). However, there is no validated widely accepted scoring system to predict patient subsets with higher risk of relapse.MethodsEleven centers in the US and Europe evaluated 247 patients with t(8;21)(q22;q22).ResultsComplete remission (CR) rate was high (92.7%), yet relapse occurred in 27.1% of patients. A total of 24.7% of patients received alloHCT. The median disease‐free (DFS) and overall (OS) survival were 20.8 and 31.2 months, respectively. Age, KIT D816V mutated (11.3%) or nontested (36.4%) compared with KIT D816V wild type (52.5%), high white blood cell counts (WBC), and pseudodiploidy compared with hyper‐ or hypodiploidy were included in a scoring system (named I‐CBFit). DFS rate at 2 years was 76% for patients with a low‐risk I‐CBFit score compared with 36% for those with a high‐risk I‐CBFit score (P < 0.0001). Low‐ vs high‐risk OS at 2 years was 89% vs 51% (P < 0.0001).ConclusionsI‐CBFit composed of readily available risk factors can be useful to tailor the therapy of patients, especially for whom alloHCT is not need in CR1 (ie, patients with a low‐risk I‐CBFit score).
The impact of liver resection on survival outcomes of hepatocellular carcinoma patients with extrahepatic metastases: A propensity score matching study
Authors: Mao Kai , Yan Yongcong , Zhang Jianlong , Wang Jie , Wang Ruomei , Ling Xiaojuan , Liu Yingyue , Lau Wan Yee , Jiang Shuai , Liu Jieqiong , Xiao Zhiyu 
Published: August 2018

AbstractBackgroundThe majority of hepatocellular carcinoma patients (HCCs) with extrahepatic metastases die of progressive intrahepatic tumor. There have been little data on the role of primary tumor resection (PTR) for HCCs with extrahepatic metastases but with resectable primary tumors.MethodsA retrospective study was conducted on HCCs with extrahepatic metastases with resectable primary tumors who either underwent or did not undergo PTR in the SEER registry between 2004 and 2013. The overall and cancer‐specific survivals (OS and CSS) were assessed by the log‐rank test and the Cox proportional hazard regression model. A propensity score matching was conducted to minimize biases. Validation was performed in another cohort from the Sun Yat‐sen Memorial Hospital (SYSMH).ResultsOf the 529 HCCs with extrahepatic metastases with resectable primary tumors included into this study, 230 patients underwent PTR and 299 did not. The percentages of patients who underwent PTR increased from 38.6% in 2004 to 70.3% in 2013. In the propensity score‐matched patients, PTR was associated with improved OS (HR 0.310, P < 0.001) and CSS (HR 0.326, P <0.001). These improvements in survivals remained significant after sensitivity analyses using multiple imputation. In the validation cohort from the SYSMH (n = 131), PTR was also correlated with improved OS (HR 0.508, P = 0.002) and CSS (HR 0.568, P = 0.017).ConclusionsThis study using propensity score matching and multiple imputation demonstrated that PTR had a favorable impact on the prognosis of HCCs with extrahepatic metastases with resectable primary tumors. Further prospective randomized trials are needed to confirm these findings.