bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study of Bio-ecological Indicators of Oak Species in Azerbaijan
Authors: Nazim Roza , Oqtay Afat 
Published: October 2024

For the first time in Azerbaijan, differences in the morphological parameters of oak trees growing in different regions have been determined, the agrochemical properties of soils under oak trees have been studied, and the influence of environmental pollution on tree leaves has been shown. In different regions of Azerbaijan, morphological polymorphism, caused by the influence of various environmental factors, is different in oak taxa. The level of intrapopulation polymorphism established by dispersion analysis is higher than that of traits with the greatest diversity of variability N (YU/YE) (CV=111.01%), F (CV=54.11%) and YS (CV=35.01%). The Jaccard similarity coefficient is 0.334 with a significant variation of genotypes from each other of 0.827, which indicates its difference in degree and adaptability in the studied taxa. The asymmetry index we calculated (coefficient of fluctuating asymmetry) for Q. petraea sp. and Q. robur sp. equal to 0.067 is considered a conditional norm. The highest indicators are typical for Q. petraea sp. both in areas with intense traffic flow and in the territory of the botanical garden. For Q. rubra, the highest coefficient of fluctuating asymmetry was noted in the botanical garden. The stomal fissure width and stomal fissure length of leaves Q. robur L. and Q. rubra L. are high in the area of Absheron Garadag highway. Intensity of damage to oak leaves spotting and rust high level are registered in Absheron Garadag highway region. Indicators obtained through scientific research are conveniently used in preliminary forecasting as a non-invasive test that protects the principles of "green technologies", without involving other more complex tests that require financial and labour resources, such as an indicative test that is sensitive to small changes within a plant organism.
3D Model Simulation in Preoperative Planning of Complex and Revision Hip Replacement
Authors: Simeonov Radoil , Tserovski Stefan , Tanchev Panayot , Bogdanov Todor , Kinov Plamen 
Published: October 2024

Complex and revision hip arthroplasty has remained one of the most discussed orthopedic topics in recent years. With the advancement of printing technologies 3D preoperative planning and live model simulation provides us with “hands on” procedures without any risk for the patient. Modern computer technologies present the possibility for preoperative planning of Total Hip Arthroplasty (THA) in digital environment. 3D printing of anatomical models in real size allows accurate assessment of the pathological deviations of the anatomy, precise preoperative planning of the reconstruction and simulation of the operative intervention ex-vivo. We present a series of 3D simulations for planning hip replacement, illustrating the technique, discussing its advantages and disadvantages, in complex primary and revision hip arthroplasty. In the complex and revision surgery of the hip joint, a correct assessment of bone defects is mandatory. Reconstructing the biomechanical parameters – centre of rotation, femoral offset and leg length discrepancy, is also of great significance. The 3D reconstruction with biomodel simulations offers exceptional accuracy in this respect. The method can be an excellent tool for education of surgeons in training and residents.
Design of a hazard prediction system with intelligent multimodal fusion based on artificial intelligence & internet of things technology: taking a crib as an example
Authors: Yin Jibin , Zhao Jia’nan , Zhang Xiangliang 
Published: October 2024

Problem
How to design an intelligent multimodal fusion hazard prediction system using AIoT (Artificial Intelligence & Internet of Things) technology to predict some potential dangers. This article will provide some ideas and methods.

Introduction
This article designs an intelligent multimodal fusion hazard prediction system based on AIoT technology. The system mainly consists of an IoT hardware device and an AI multimodal and multi-dimensional Hazard Prediction Algorithm.

Method
This article will take baby cribs as an example, using this system to empower traditional baby cribs and transform them into intelligent baby cribs.

Results
In this example, the system can detect the real-time status of the baby and predict upcoming dangers, including kicking the quilt, wetting the bed, fever, crying, climbing over the crib, and turning over.

Hypothesis
Assuming that intelligent systems can detect the status of infants in real-time and make predictions before potential dangers occur, to promptly alert parents. Perhaps it can prevent some irreversible dangers from occurring.

Background
This system solves the pain point problem of parents having to take care of their babies after working hard.

Purpose
In this scenario, the system provides a design scheme for an intelligent multimodal fusion hazard prediction system with a temporary care function. The application of this system to baby cribs not only reduces the burden on parents but also ensures the safety and comfort of the baby.

Transferability
At the same time, the system has transferability, and its design concept can be transferred to other application scenarios, such as hospital care for infants, young children, or elderly patients, as well as childcare stations for abandoned children in society.

Significance
This innovative system design scheme has a positive significance for family harmony and social development.
In-depth study of pyroptosis-related genes and immune infiltration in colon cancer
Authors: Shang Bingbing , Qiao Haiyan , Wang Liang , Wang Jingyu 
Published: October 2024

Background
Pyroptosis is a form of regulated necrosis that occurs in many cell and tissue types and plays a critical role in tumor progression. The diagnostic value of pyroptosis-related genes (PRGs) in colon cancer has been widely investigated. In the present study, we explored the relationship between PRG expression and colon cancer.

Methods
We retrieved genomic and clinical data pertaining to The Cancer Genome Atlas-Colon Adenocarcinoma from the UCSC Xena database, along with the corresponding genome annotation information from the GENCODE data portal. Utilising these data and a list of 33 pyrogenic genes, we performed principal component analysis and unsupervised clustering analysis to assess the pyroptosis subtypes. We analysed the differential expression between these subtypes to obtain PRGs, ultimately selecting 10 PRGs. We conducted Gene Ontology, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes, gene set variation analysis, protein–protein interaction, and immune infiltration analyses of these PRGs. We validated the expression of TNNC1 via immunohistochemistry (IHC) and real-time quantitative PCR.

Results
After rigorous screening, excluding patients with incomplete survival data and unmatched transcriptomes, we refined our study cohort to 431 patients. We performed differential mRNA analysis and identified 445 PRGs, 10 of which were selected as hub genes. These genes were associated with various immune cell types. Specifically, TNNC1 expression was positively associated with immature dendritic cells and NK CD56+ cells. IHC staining indicated higher TNNC1 expression levels in tumor samples. Notably, TNNC1 expression levels were high in all the colon cancer cell lines, particularly in SW480 cells.

Conclusion
In this study, we explored the characteristics of PRGs in colon cancer and identified novel biological targets for early individualised treatment and accurate diagnosis of colon cancer, thus contributing to the advancement of clinical oncology.
Effects of Tin Mining on Water Sources in Mwerasandu Tin Mine, Ntungamo District, Uganda
Authors: Akampondi Pamela , Kalukusu Amos Ronald , Barakagira Alex 
Published: October 2024

Tin mining is a widespread economic activity across various regions worldwide. Understanding the consequences of such operations is crucial for sustainable water management and environmental conservation. The current study aimed at determining the concentrations tin, lead and mercury in the water sources of Nyakahiimbura Stream in Mwerasandu, and assessed the physico-chemical properties including pH, turbidity, and chemical oxygen demand (COD) of the water from the Nyamuhimbura stream, Ntungamo district. Water samples from three locations, that is; the upstream, impact area and downstream of the Nyakahiimbura water stream were collected during the dry and wet seasons of the year 2024. The samples collected were analyzed for the physico-chemical properties in the laboratory while the Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP – OES) was used to determine the concentration of heavy metals in the water samples. The pH, COD values obtained were within the acceptable effluent standards while the turbidity values at the upstream and downstream of the dry season and downstream during the wet season were above the acceptable effluent Standards. The tin concentration was high in the dry season (0.09mg/L) as compared to concentration (0.118mg/L) in the wet season. Lead concentration was the same (0.015mg/L) in both seasons. The concentrations of the heavy metals showed some variations in both dry and wet seasons in the upstream, impacted area and the downstream of the study area as compared to the values of the effluent standards. The study recommends that alternative sources of water for domestic use should be sought of. Also, the government officials especially from the Ministry of Health should carry out awareness campaigns to members of the community about the health risks associated with the uptake of the contaminated waters for domestic purposes. Constructed wetlands should be in place around the mining sites to act as filters for the dangerous metals before the water enters the surrounding environment.
Multidecadal Changes and Interannual Variation in Springtime Phenology of North American Temperate and Boreal Deciduous Forests
Authors: Melaas Eli K. , Sulla‐Menashe Damien , Friedl Mark A. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe timing of leaf emergence is an important diagnostic of climate change impacts on ecosystems. Here we present the first continental‐scale analysis of multidecadal changes in the timing of spring onset across North American temperate and boreal forests based on Landsat imagery. Our results show that leaf emergence in Eastern Temperate Forests has consistently trended earlier, with a median change of about 1 week over the 30 year study period. Changes in leaf emergence dates in boreal forests were more heterogeneous, with some sites showing trends toward later dates. Interannual variability in leaf emergence dates was strongly sensitive to springtime accumulated growing degree days across all sites, and geographic patterns of changes in onset dates were highly correlated with changes in regional springtime temperatures. These results provide a refined characterization of recent changes in springtime forest phenology and improve understanding regarding the sensitivity of North American forests to climate change.
An evaluation of the stability of image quality parameters of Elekta X‐ray volume imager and iViewGT imaging systems
Authors: Stanley Dennis N. , Rasmussen Karl , Kirby Neil , Papanikolaou Nikos , Gutiérrez Alonso N. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractIntroductionA robust image quality assurance and analysis methodology for image‐guided localization systems is crucial to ensure the accurate localization and visualization of target tumors. In this study, the long‐term stability of selected image parameters was assessed and evaluated for the cone‐beam computed tomography (CBCT) mode, planar radiographic kV mode, and the radiographic MV mode of an Elekta VersaHD.Materials and MethodsThe CATPHAN, QckV‐1, and QC‐3 phantoms were used to evaluate the image quality parameters. The planar radiographic images were analyzed in PIPSpro™ with spatial resolution (f30, f40, f50), contrast to noise ratio (CNR) and noise being recorded. For XVI CBCT, Head and Neck Small20 (S20) and Pelvis Medium20 (M20) standard acquisition modes were evaluated for uniformity, noise, spatial resolution, and HU constancy. Dose and kVp for the XVI were recorded using the Unfors RaySafe Xi system with the R/F low detector for the kV planar radiographic mode. For each metric, values were normalized to the mean and the standard deviations were recorded.ResultsA total of 30 measurements were performed on a single Elekta VersaHD linear accelerator over an 18‐month period without significant adjustment or recalibration to the XVI or iViewGT systems during the evaluated time frame. For the planar radiographic spatial resolution, the normalized standard deviation values of the f30, f40, and f50 were 0.004, 0.003, and 0.003 and 0.015, 0.009, and 0.017 for kV and MV, respectively. The average recorded dose for kV was 67.96 μGy. The standard deviations of the evaluated metrics for the S20 acquisition were 0.083(f30), 0.058(f40), 0.056(f50), 0.021(Water/poly‐HU constancy), 0.029(uniformity) and 0.028(noise). The standard deviations for the M20 acquisition were 0.093(f30), 0.043(f40), 0.037(f50), 0.016(Water/poly‐HU constancy), 0.010(uniformity) and 0.011(Noise).ConclusionA study was performed to assess the stability of the basic image quality parameters recommended by TG‐142 for the Elekta XVI and iViewGT imaging systems. The two systems show consistent imaging and dosimetric properties over the evaluated time frame.
Is the centralization of potentially traumatic events always negative? An expansion of the Centrality of Events Scale
Authors: Broadbridge Carissa L. 
Published: March 2018

SummaryThe autobiographical memory model of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) argues that centralizing a traumatic event into one's life story is a maladaptive process associated with increased PTSD symptoms. Current measures of event centralization make no reference to whether individuals centralize the event in a positive or negative way. This study examined 400 undergraduate participants using a modified version of the Centrality of Events Scale composed of 2 factors measuring both positive and negative event centralization. Exploratory factor analysis confirmed the 2‐factor structure. Negative event centralization was associated with PTSD symptoms to a greater degree than was positive event centralization, and negative event centralization mediated the relationship between neuroticism and PTSD symptoms. Combined, these results suggest that the effect of event centralization is dependent on the valence with which the individual centralizes the event. The relationship shown between negative event centralization and PTSD symptoms supports the autobiographical memory model of PTSD.
Designing Multicolor Micropatterns of Inverse Opals with Photonic Bandgap and Surface Plasmon Resonance
Authors: Lee HanGyeol , Jeon Tae Yoon , Lee Su Yeon , Lee Seung Yeol , Kim Shin‐Hyun 
Published: March 2018

AbstractStructural coloration provides unique features over chemical coloration, such as nonfading, color tunability, and high color brightness, rendering it useful in various optical applications. To develop the structural colors, two different mechanisms of coloration–photonic bandgap (PBG) and surface plasmon resonance (SPR)–have been separately utilized. In this work, a new method is suggested to create structurally colored micropatterns by regioselectively employing SPR in a single film of inverse opal with PBG. The inverse opals are prepared by thermal embedding of opal into a negative photoresist and its subsequent removal. The inverse opals have a hexagonal array of open pores on the surface which serves as a template to make SPR‐active nanostructures through a directional deposition of gold, a perforated gold film and an array of curved gold disks are formed. With a shadow mask lithographically prepared, the gold is regioselectively deposited on the surface of the inverse opal, which results in two distinct regions of gold‐free inverse opal with PBG and gold nanostructure with SPR. As PBG and SPR develop their own structural colors respectively, the resultant micropatterns exhibit pronounced dual colors. More importantly, the micropatterns show the distinguished optical response for evaporation of volatile liquids that occupy the pores.
Elucidating the Detectivity Limits in Shortwave Infrared Organic Photodiodes
Authors: Wu Zhenghui , Yao Weichuan , London Alexander E. , Azoulay Jason D. , Ng Tse Nga 
Published: March 2018

AbstractWhile only few organic photodiodes have photoresponse past 1 µm, novel shortwave infrared (SWIR) polymers are emerging, and a better understanding of the limiting factors in narrow bandgap devices is critically needed to predict and advance performance. Based on state‐of‐the‐art SWIR bulk heterojunction photodiodes, this work demonstrates a model that accounts for the increasing electric‐field dependence of photocurrent in narrow bandgap materials. This physical model offers an expedient method to pinpoint the origins of efficiency losses, by decoupling the exciton dissociation efficiency and charge collection efficiency in photocurrent–voltage measurements. These results from transient photoconductivity measurements indicate that the main loss is due to poor exciton dissociation, particularly significant in photodiodes with low‐energy charge‐transfer states. Direct measurements of the noise components are analyzed to caution against using assumptions that could lead to an overestimation of detectivity. The devices show a peak detectivity of 5 × 1010 Jones with a spectral range up to 1.55 µm. The photodiodes are demonstrated to quantify the ethanol–water content in a mixture within 1% accuracy, conveying the potential of organics to enable economical, scalable detectors for SWIR spectroscopy.
Photoinduced Self‐Assembled Nanostructures and Permanent Polaron Formation in Regioregular Poly(3‐hexylthiophene)
Authors: Neto Newton M. Barbosa , Silva Marcia D. R. , Araujo Paulo T. , Sampaio Renato N. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractSolution processing of conjugated polymers into ordered self‐assembled precursors has attracted great interest in the past years owing to the ability to manipulate their structural and physical properties. Regioregular poly(3‐hexylthiophene) (P3HT) has become the benchmark polymer in this scenario, where ordered lamellar structures significantly improve carrier mobility of the thin films due to increased crystallinity, extended intrachain conjugation, and ordered interchain π‐stacking. Here, a new photoinduced approach is presented for the generation of highly ordered P3HT aggregate structures that is amenable to the use of visible light to control the aggregate formation. Strong intra‐ and interchain interactions in the solution precursors allow for permanent formation of localized and delocalized polarons that are stable for months. Spin‐coated thin films are found to preserve, in part, the morphological and physical properties of the aggregated P3HT solution precursors with high degree of crystallinity and short π‐stack interchain distances.
Directed Assembly of Hybrid Nanomaterials and Nanocomposites
Authors: Zhang Shanju , Pelligra Candice I. , Feng Xunda , Osuji Chinedum O. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractHybrid nanomaterials are molecular or colloidal‐level combinations of organic and inorganic materials, or otherwise strongly dissimilar materials. They are often, though not exclusively, anisotropic in shape. A canonical example is an inorganic nanorod or nanosheet sheathed in, or decorated by, a polymeric or other organic material, where both the inorganic and organic components are important for the properties of the system. Hybrid nanomaterials and nanocomposites have generated strong interest for a broad range of applications due to their functional properties. Generating macroscopic assemblies of hybrid nanomaterials and nanomaterials in nanocomposites with controlled orientation and placement by directed assembly is important for realizing such applications. Here, a survey of critical issues and themes in directed assembly of hybrid nanomaterials and nanocomposites is provided, highlighting recent efforts in this field with particular emphasis on scalable methods.
Dissipative Self‐Assembly Driven by the Consumption of Chemical Fuels
Authors: De Soumen , Klajn Rafal 
Published: March 2018

AbstractDissipative self‐assembly leads to structures and materials that exist away from equilibrium by continuously exchanging energy and materials with the external environment. Although this mode of self‐assembly is ubiquitous in nature, where it gives rise to functions such as signal processing, motility, self‐healing, self‐replication, and ultimately life, examples of dissipative self‐assembly processes in man‐made systems are few and far between. Herein, recent progress in developing diverse synthetic dissipative self‐assembly systems is discussed. The systems reported thus far can be categorized into three classes, in which: i) the fuel chemically modifies the building blocks, thus triggering their self‐assembly, ii) the fuel acts as a template interacting with the building blocks noncovalently, and iii) transient states are induced by the addition of two mutually exclusive stimuli. These early studies give rise to materials that would be difficult to obtain otherwise, including hydrogels with programmable lifetimes, vesicular nanoreactors, and membranes exhibiting transient conductivity.
High‐throughput sequencing data clarify evolutionary relationships among North American Vitis species and improve identification in USDA Vitis germplasm collections
Authors: Klein Laura L. , Miller Allison J. , Ciotir Claudia , Hyma Katie , Uribe‐Convers Simon , Londo Jason 
Published: March 2018

Premise Of The StudyGrapes are one of the most economically important berry crops worldwide, with the vast majority of production derived from the domesticated Eurasian species Vitis vinifera. Expansion of production into new areas, development of new cultivars, and concerns about adapting grapevines for changing climates necessitate the use of wild grapevine species in breeding programs. Diversity within Vitis has long been a topic of study; however, questions remain regarding relationships between species. Furthermore, the identity of some living accessions is unclear.MethodsThis study generated 11,020 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers for more than 300 accessions in the USDA‐ARS grape germplasm repository using genotyping‐by‐sequencing. Resulting data sets were used to reconstruct evolutionary relationships among several North American and Eurasian Vitis species, and to suggest taxonomic labels for previously unidentified and misidentified germplasm accessions based on genetic distance.Key ResultsMaximum likelihood analyses of SNP data support the monophyly of Vitis, subg. Vitis, a Eurasian subg. Vitis clade, and a North American subg. Vitis clade. Data delineate species groups within North America. In addition, analysis of genetic distance suggested taxonomic identities for 20 previously unidentified Vitis accessions and for 28 putatively misidentified accessions.ConclusionsThis work advances understanding of Vitis evolutionary relationships and provides the foundation for ongoing germplasm enhancement. It supports conservation and breeding efforts by contributing to a growing genetic framework for identifying novel genetic variation and for incorporating new, unsampled populations into the germplasm repository system.
Platinum‐Catalysed Ring‐Opening Isomerisation of Piperidine Cyclopropanes
Authors: Barát Viktor , Kasinathan Sivarajan , Bates Roderick W. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractA range of cyclopropyl‐fused N‐tosyl piperidines have been synthesised and shown to undergo ring‐opening isomerisation on treatment with platinum(II) catalysts. The products can have either an endo‐cyclic or exo‐cyclic double bond. The selectivity is influenced by reaction temperature, solvent and, most significantly, the catalyst. A mechanism involving C−C bond activation and β‐hydride elimination is proposed. When β‐hydride elimination is blocked, a stereospecific platinum‐driven Wagner–Meerwein shift is observed.