bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bilan et variabilité temporelle des matières en suspension dans le bassin de la Macta : cas du sous bassin versant de Bou-Hanifia (Algérie du nord)
Authors: Benstaali Imène , Benayada Lahouari 
Published: April 2018

L’intérêt principal des mesures de concentrations des matières en suspension (MES) sur un bassin versant est qu’elles permettent d’établir un bilan moyen des exportations de MES et de déduire un taux d'érosion mécanique à l’échelle du bassin. Cependant, la quantification des flux solides d’un cours d'eau est une tâche délicate, en particulier en zone semi-aride où les crues violentes et de courte durée rendent les prélèvements difficiles. Dans la présente étude, les mesures de débits et de concentrations ont été menées par l'Agence Nationale des Ressources Hydriques sur le bassin versant de Bou-Hanifia, un sous bassin important de la Macta caractérisé par un climat semi-aride et une forte érosion hydrique. Les résultats du bilan témoignent d’une très importante variabilité temporelle du transport solide, tant à l’échelle saisonnière qu’à l’échelle interannuelle. Ceci est lié en grande partie à l’agressivité des précipitations pouvant assurer une très forte et irrégulière mobilisation des MES. À l’échelle du bassin au cours de la période 1993-2006, le flux annuel moyen de MES est estimé à 1,8 x 106 tonnes (t) soit un débit solide spécifique moyen de 343 t∙a-1∙km-2. En effet, les années humides sont les plus exportatrices de sédiments en suspension. Ainsi, la saison d'automne, la plus érosive de l’année, représente 75 % du bilan annuel. L’essentiel des MES est exporté lors des crues de fin d’été - début d’automne, et sont à l’origine de 36 à 94 % des flux de MES transportés annuellement pendant 1 % du temps, soit trois jours par an.
Cobalt(III)‐Catalyzed Construction of Benzofurans, Benzofuranones and One‐Pot Orthogonal C−H Functionalizations to Access Polysubstituted Benzofurans
Authors: Bera Sourav Sekhar , Debbarma Suvankar , Jana Sripati , Maji Modhu Sudan 
Published: April 2018

AbstractBenzofuran and benzofuranone derivatives have been synthesized through exclusive 5‐exo‐dig intramolecular hydroarylation using the amide‐directed, cost‐effective, high‐valent Cp*CoIII‐catalytic system. Challenging one‐pot, orthogonal C−H functionalizations using two different electrophiles are also reported to afford polysubstituted benzofurans. Several valuable functional group interconversions along with removal of the amide directing group provide a route to access several diversely functionalized benzofurans. The mechanistic study suggests a reversible cobaltation step is operative here.magnified image
Association between hospital volume and quality of gastric cancer surgery in the CRITICS trial
Authors: Claassen Y H M , van Sandick J W , Hartgrink H H , Dikken J L , De Steur W O , van Grieken N C T , Boot H , Cats A , Trip A K , Jansen E P M , Meershoek-Klein Kranenbarg W M , Braak J P B M , Putter H , van Berge Henegouwen M I , Verheij M , van de Velde C J H 
Published: April 2018

Abstract

Background
Studies investigating the association between hospital volume and quality of gastric cancer surgery are lacking. In the present study, the effect of hospital volume on quality of gastric cancer surgery was evaluated by analysing data from the CRITICS (ChemoRadiotherapy after Induction chemotherapy In Cancer of the Stomach) trial.

Methods
Patients who underwent gastrectomy with curative intent in the Netherlands were selected from the CRITICS trial database. Annual hospital volume of participating centres was derived from the Netherlands Cancer Registry. Hospital volume was categorized into very low (1–10 gastrectomies per year per institution), low (11–20), medium (21–30) and high (31 or more), and linked to the CRITICS database. Quality of surgery was analysed by surgicopathological compliance (removal of at least 15 lymph nodes), surgical compliance (removal of indicated lymph node stations) and the Maruyama Index. Postoperative morbidity and mortality were also compared between hospital categories.

Results
Between 2007 and 2015, 788 patients were included in the CRITICS study, of whom 494 were analysed. Surgicopathological compliance was higher (86·7 versus 50·4 per cent; P &lt; 0·001), surgical compliance was greater (52·9 versus 19·8 per cent; P &lt; 0·001) and median Maruyama Index was lower (0 versus 6; P = 0·006) in high-volume hospitals compared with very low-volume hospitals. There was no statistically significant difference in postoperative complications or mortality between the hospital volume categories.

Conclusion
Surgery performed in high-volume hospitals was associated with better surgical quality than surgery carried out in lower-volume hospitals.
Organometallic Conjugates of the Drug Sulfadoxine for Combatting Antimicrobial Resistance
Authors: Chellan Prinessa , Avery Vicky M. , Duffy Sandra , Triccas James A. , Nagalingam Gayathri , Tam Christina , Cheng Luisa W. , Liu Jenny , Land Kirkwood M. , Clarkson Guy J. , Romero‐Canelón Isolda , Sadler Peter J. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractFourteen novel arene RuII, and cyclopentadienyl (Cpx) RhIII and IrIII complexes containing an N,N′‐chelated pyridylimino‐ or quinolylimino ligand functionalized with the antimalarial drug sulfadoxine have been synthesized and characterized, including three by X‐ray crystallography. The rhodium and iridium complexes exhibited potent antiplasmodial activity with IC50 values of 0.10–2.0 μm in either all, or one of the three Plasmodium falciparum assays (3D7 chloroquine sensitive, Dd2 chloroquine resistant and NF54 sexual late stage gametocytes) but were only moderately active towards Trichomonas vaginalis. They were active in both the asexual blood stage and the sexual late stage gametocyte assays, whereas the clinical parent drug, sulfadoxine, was inactive. Five complexes were moderately active against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (IC50<6.3 μm), while sulfadoxine showed no antitubercular activity. An increase in the size of both the Cpx ligand and the aromatic imino substituent increased hydrophobicity, which resulted in an increase in antiplasmodial activity.
Reaction Kinetics Direct a Rational Synthesis of an HIV‐1 Inactivator of Nucleocapsid Protein 7 and Provide Mechanistic Insight into Cellular Metabolism and Antiviral Activity
Authors: Nikolayevskiy Herman , Scerba Michael T. , Deschamps Jeffrey R. , Appella Daniel H. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractMercaptobenzamide thioester SAMT‐247 is a non‐toxic, mutation‐resistant HIV‐1 maturation inhibitor with a unique mechanism of antiviral activity. NMR spectroscopic analyses of model reactions that mimic the cellular environment answered fundamental questions about the antiviral mechanism and inspired a high‐yielding (64 % overall), scalable (75 mmol), and cost‐effective ($4 mmol−1) three‐step synthesis that will enable additional preclinical evaluation.
The influence of lead nanoparticles on the morpho‐functional changes of rat liver during the postexposure period
Authors: Aleksiichuk Vasyl , Omelchuk Sergiy , Sokurenko Liudmyla , Kaminsky Rostyslav , Kovalchuk Oleksandr , Chaikovsky Yuri 
Published: April 2018

AbstractLead as any heavy metals may be found in soil, water, air, and is used in everyday life. Once in the body, it causes toxic effect, making the liver, which is one of the main organs of detoxification, suffer. Recently, the study of the action of not only ionic forms of lead, but also its nanoparticles, has become topical. The study aims at determining changes in the liver of rats and biochemical changes in their blood both at late term of exposure to nanoparticles of lead compounds and in the post‐exposure period. The study was performed on 120 male rats of Wistar line, which were divided into two series, each series containing four groups. The first and the second groups of animals were intraperitoneally injected with colloidal solution of nanoparticles of lead sulfide of 10 and 30 nm in size, and the third group were intraperitoneally injected with a solution of lead nitrate. The fourth group of animals served as control. In the first series, the investigated substances were administered 60 times within 12 weeks. In the second series, after 60‐fold administration of the investigated substances, the exposure was discontibued and animals were observed for 6 weeks—overall duration of 18 weeks. Histological, morphometrical and biochemical methods were used. The body weight was reduced in the rats exposed to PbSnano1 at week 12 of experiment and in rats exposed to both PbSnano1 and Pb(NO3)2 in the second series. Absolute liver weight increased at week 12 of experiment in all experimental groups. In the second series this value almost reached that of the control level. Relative liver weight in the animals of all experimental groups was higher than that in the control at week 12 of experiment. In the second series this value remained higher in rats exposed to PbSnano1. After 12 weeks of exposure dystrophic changes in the liver were found in all experimental groups. At week 6 after the exposure (the second series) destructive changes in the liver decreased. Total protein, albumin, glucose, total lipids, cholesterol, triglycerides content in blood serum corresponded with morphological data. The experiment has demonstrated that the 12 weeks long exposure to lead nanoparticles had harmful effect on the liver. Within the postexposure 6‐weeks period structural changes in the liver and biochemical changes in blood serum decreased. Biochemical changes in blood serum corresponded to the morphological data. By many parameters PbSnano1 had more pronounced harmful effect. Toxicity of PbSnano2 and Pb(NO3)2 were comparable.
Monitoring progress towards the first UNAIDS target: understanding the impact of people living with HIV who re‐test during HIV‐testing campaigns in rural Mozambique
Authors: Fuente‐Soro Laura , Lopez‐Varela Elisa , Augusto Orvalho , Sacoor Charfudin , Nhacolo Ariel , Honwana Nely , Karajeanes Esmeralda , Vaz Paula , Naniche Denise 
Published: April 2018

AbstractIntroductionAwareness of HIV‐infection goes beyond diagnosis, and encompasses understanding, acceptance, disclosure and initiation of the HIV‐care. We aimed to characterize the HIV‐positive population that underwent repeat HIV‐testing without disclosing their serostatus and the impact on estimates of the first UNAIDS 90 target.MethodsThis analysis was nested in a prospective cohort established in southern Mozambique which conducted three HIV‐testing modalities: voluntary counselling and testing (VCT), provider‐initiated counselling and testing (PICT) and home‐based testing (HBT). Participants were given the opportunity to self‐report their status to lay counsellors and HIV‐positive diagnoses were verified for previous enrolment in care. This study included 1955 individuals diagnosed with HIV through VCT/PICT and 11,746 participants of a HBT campaign. Those who did not report their serostatus prior to testing, and were found to have a previous HIV‐diagnosis, were defined as non‐disclosures. Venue‐stratified descriptive analyses were performed and factors associated with non‐disclosure were estimated through log‐binomial regression.ResultsIn the first round of 2500 adults randomized for HBT, 1725 were eligible for testing and 18.7% self‐reported their HIV‐positivity. Of those tested with a positive result, 38.9% were found to be non‐disclosures. Similar prevalence of non‐disclosures was found in clinical‐testing modalities, 29.4% (95% CI 26.7 to 32.3) for PICT strategy and 13.0% (95% CI 10.9 to 15.3) for VCT. Prior history of missed visits (adjusted prevalence ratio (APR) 4.2, 95% CI 2.6 to 6.8), younger age (APR 2.5, 95% CI 1.4 to 4.4) and no prior history of treatment ((APR) 1.4, 95% CI 1.0 to 2.1) were significantly associated with non‐disclosure as compared to patients who self‐reported. When considering non‐disclosures as people living with HIV (PLWHIV) aware of their HIV‐status, the proportion of PLWHIV aware increased from 78.3% (95% CI 74.2 to 81.6) to 86.8% (95% CI 83.4 to 89.6).ConclusionMore than one‐third of individuals testing HIV‐positive did not disclose their previous positive HIV‐diagnosis to counsellors. This proportion varied according to testing modality and age. In the absence of an efficient and non‐anonymous tracking system for HIV‐testers, repeat testing of non‐disclosures leads to wasted resources and may distort programmatic indicators. Developing interventions that ensure appropriate psychosocial support are needed to encourage this population to disclose their status and optimize scarce resources.
Antioxidant hydrolyzed peptides from Manchurian walnut (Juglans mandshurica Maxim.) attenuate scopolamine‐induced memory impairment in mice
Authors: Ren Dayong , Zhao Fanrui , Liu Chunlei , Wang Ji , Guo Yong , Liu Jingsheng , Min Weihong 
Published: April 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDWalnut protein, which is obtained as a by‐product of oil expression, has not been used efficiently. Although walnuts are beneficial for cognitive functioning, the potential of their protein composition in strengthening learning and memory functions remains unknown. In this study, the inhibition of memory impairment by the Manchurian walnut hydrolyzed peptide (MWHP) was evaluated.RESULTSSmall‐molecular‐weight MWHP (<3 kDa) achieved the optimal antioxidative activity. Therefore, MWHP (<3 kDa) was subjected to the following mice trials to evaluate its attenuation effect on memory impairment. In the Morris water maze test, MWHP shortened the total path for searching the platform, reduced the escape latency, and increased the dwelling distance and time in the coverage zone. MWHP also prolonged the latency and diminished errors in the passive avoidance response tests. These behavioral tests demonstrated that MWHP could inhibit scopolamine‐induced memory impairment. MWHP improved memory by reducing oxidative stress, inhibiting apoptosis, regulating neurotransmitter functions, maintaining hippocampal CA3 pyramidal neurons, and increasing calmodulin‐dependent protein kinase II levels in brain tissues.CONCLUSIONExperimental results proved that MWHP exhibits potential in improving memory and should be used to develop novel functional food. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Mediterranean agro‐industrial wastes as valuable substrates for lignocellulolytic enzymes and protein production by solid‐state fermentation
Authors: Sousa Daniel , Venâncio Armando , Belo Isabel , Salgado José M 
Published: April 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDMediterranean agro‐food industries (such as wineries, breweries and olive mills) dispose of great amounts of waste. This generates environmental problems, and the waste has a low nutritional value for use as animal feed. In this sense, solid‐state fermentation (SSF) can increase the nutritional value of these wastes and simultaneously produce lignocellulolytic enzymes.RESULTSAll fermented wastes were enriched in protein by the three fungi studied. Aspergillus ibericus was the fungus with the biggest increase of protein, which ranged from 1.4 times to 6.2 times with respect to unfermented wastes. Likewise, A. ibericus achieved the maximum cellulase and xylanase activities. The relationships among substrates composition, fungi used and SSF performance were evaluated by principal components analysis. The high content of cellulose and hemicellulose favoured lignocellulolytic enzymes production, and the phenolics content was negatively correlated with enzymes production and with the increase of protein by SSF. Furthermore, the scanning electron microscopy analysis showed the growth of fungi over solid wastes, the formation of conidiophores and the changes in their structures.CONCLUSIONThe nutritional value of Mediterranean wastes was improved and other value‐added products such as lignocellulolytic enzymes were produced in the same process, which could facilitate the efficient reuse of these wastes. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Accelerated solvent extraction coupled to high‐performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry for simultaneous determination of 11 organophosphorus flame retardants in aquatic products
Authors: Suo Lili , Huang Weihua , Zhu Qunying , Ma Lifang , Hu Meihua 
Published: April 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDA new method based on accelerated solvent extraction was developed for the extraction and determination of 11 organophosphorus flame retardants by using a high‐performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry technique.RESULTSAfter optimization of the extraction temperature (80 °C), the extraction solvent (n‐hexane), the flush volume (40%) and the static extraction time (4 min), all 11 organophosphorus flame retardants illustrated good linearities (R > 0.999). The limits of detection of the method ranged from 0.016 to 26.58 µg kg−1 in the different matrices. The recoveries were 90.4–111.2% with relative standard deviations 0.21–5.3% for the various aquatic products.CONCLUSIONThe proposed method was applied successfully to detect 11 organophosphorus flame retardants in aquatic products, including grass carp, ribbon fish, mud fish, common eel, shrimp and frog. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Clustering of major cardiovascular risk factors is associated with arterial stiffness in adults
Authors: Kong Xiang‐Lei , Ma Xiao‐Jing , Zhang Cheng‐Yin , Xu Dong‐Mei 
Published: April 2018

AbstractObjectiveCardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Previous studies have indicated that clustering of major CVD risk factors is common. We aimed to explore the association of clustering of CVD risk factors with arterial stiffness in adults.MethodsA total of 9984 adults were enrolled. We investigated clustering of four major CVD risk factors (defined as two or more of the following: hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and high body mass index) and their association with arterial stiffness. Arterial stiffness was evaluated using the carotid‐femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV).ResultsIn the study group (52.2% men, the mean age was 55.4 ± 10.5 years; only 11.9% of participants were free of any pre‐defined CVD risk factors and 61.8% of participants had clustering of CVD risk factors. The cfPWV was significantly higher in the clustered risk factors group than in the no risk factor or the single risk factor groups (16.1 ± 3.1, 13.4 ± 2.2, and 14.3 ± 2.6 m/s, respectively; P < 0.001). Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that age, gender, clustering of CVD risk factors, serum uric acid, and decreased renal function positively correlated with cfPWV. For a categorical outcome, the highest cfPWV quartile (cfPWV ≥ 16.9 m/s) was compared with the lower three quartiles. After adjusting for potential confounders, clustering of CVD risk factors significantly correlated with increased cfPWV compared with that in the no risk factor group, with an odds ratio of 5.76 (95% confidence interval: 4.46–7.44).ConclusionsClustering of CVD risk factors significantly correlated with arterial stiffness; this confirms the importance of lifestyle modification to reduce the burden of CVD.
An improved heat transfer search algorithm for unconstrained optimization problems
Authors: Tejani Ghanshyam G. , Savsani Vimal J. , Patel Vivek K. , Mirjalili Seyedali 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
In this work, an improved heat transfer search (IHTS) algorithm is proposed by incorporating the effect of the simultaneous heat transfer modes and population regeneration in the basic HTS algorithm. The basic HTS algorithm considers only one of the modes of heat transfer (conduction, convection, and radiation) for each generation. In the proposed algorithms, however, the system molecules are considered as the search agents that interact with each other as well as with the surrounding to a state of the thermal equilibrium. Another improvement is the integration of a population regenerator to reduce the probability of local optima stagnation. The population regenerator is applied to the solutions without improvements for a pre-defined number of iterations. The feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed algorithms are investigated by 23 classical benchmark functions and 30 functions extracted from the CEC2014 test suite. Also, two truss design problems are solved to demonstrate the applicability of the proposed algorithms. The results show that the IHTS algorithm is more effective as compared to the HTS algorithm. Moreover, the IHTS algorithm provides very competitive results compared to the existing meta-heuristics in the literature.
Highlights An improved Heat Transfer Search (HTS) algorithm is proposed. A novel population regenerator is integrated to the improved HTS. A set of 53 test functions is employed to test the performance of the proposed algorithm. The results are compared with several techniques in the literature.
Hemodiluição normovolêmica aguda em cirurgias de deformidade da coluna
Authors: Batista Marianna Fergutz Santos , Costa Caroline Oliveira , Vialle Emiliano Neves , Guasque Joana Bretas Rondon Cabral , Fiorentin Joana Zulian , Souza Camila de Santiago 
Published: April 2018

Resumo
Objetivo Comparar de modo prospectivo os parâmetros clínicos e laboratoriais dos pacientes submetidos a hemodiluição normovolêmica aguda associada ao ácido tranexâmico com um grupo de controle que recebeu apenas ácido tranexâmico, durante cirurgia de correção de deformidades da coluna, e avaliar a influência da técnica de hemodiluição no sangramento perioperatório e a necessidade de transfusão de sangue homólogo.
Materiais e Métodos Estudo prospectivo comparativo, com pacientes entre 12 e 65 anos submetidos a cirurgia para correção de deformidades da coluna vertebral, com a técnica de hemodiluição normovolêmica aguda associada ao ácido tranexâmico, versus grupo de controle com ácido tranexâmico isolado na dose de 15 mg/kg. Exames laboratoriais foram feitos e analisados em três momentos de avaliação diferentes.
Resultados Participaram deste estudo 30 pacientes: 17 no grupo de hemodiluição e 13 no grupo de controle. O tempo médio de cirurgia foi maior para o grupo de hemodiluição. O número de níveis operados variou entre 7 e 16 no grupo de hemodiluição, e entre 4 e 13 no grupo de controle. Fez-se osteotomia, predominantemente posterior, em 20 pacientes. O valor médio de sangramento intraoperatório foi maior no grupo de controle. Os parâmetros clínicos se mantiveram estáveis durante todos os procedimentos. Apenas 6 pacientes necessitaram de transfusão sanguínea homóloga, a maioria dos quais pertencia ao grupo de controle (p > 0,05).
Conclusão Não houve diferença significativa entre os dois grupos quanto à necessidade de transfusão e sangramento intraoperatório. A gravidade da deformidade foi o principal fator determinante da transfusão.
Listening for the hiss: lo-fi liner notes as curatorial practices
Authors: Supper Alexandra 
Published: April 2018

AbstractLo-fi music is commonly associated with a recording aesthetic marked by an avoidance of state-of-the-art technologies and an inclusion of technical flaws, such as tape hiss and static. However, I argue that lo-fi music is not defined merely by the presence of such imperfections, but by a discourse which deliberately draws attention to them. Album liner notes play an important role in this discourse, as they can function as curatorial practices, through which lo-fi artists give an appropriate frame of reference to their recordings. By highlighting the ‘honest’ character of the recordings, the intimate recording spaces, the materiality of the equipment and its ambiguous character as machine/instrument/performer, they invite listeners to adopt a genre-adequate mode of listening. Rather than listeningpasthiss and other recording artefacts as undesirable qualities, listeners are asked to listenforthese qualities as an essential element of not just the recordings, but the music itself.