bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Contribution of videothoracoscopy in the management of thoracic wounds with diaphragmatic lesions: A single African center experience
Authors: Rabiou Sani , Harmouchi Hicham , Lakranbi Marouane , Rachid Sani , Ouadnouni Yassine , Smahi Mohamed 
Published: June 2019

Background and aims The management of thoracic wounds induced by sharp objects outside an extreme emergency remains controversial. The means vary from exploratory thoracotomy to simple monitoring. Between these two extremes, videothoracoscopy as a means of exploration plays an important role and helps to avoid unnecessary thoracotomies, thus making it possible to make early diagnosis of diaphragmatic lesions. The aim of this study was to report our experience in videothoracoscopic management of thoracic wounds by penetrating objects. Material and methods From January 2010 to December 2015, 58 patients with an average age 22.5 years with a thoracic stab wound with a stable hemodynamic condition underwent videothoracoscopy. Results Thoracoscopy revealed a diaphragmatic injury in 17 patients, cardiac or pericardial wounds in four and a haemorrhagic pulmonary injury in 1; all were treated at video-assisted mini-thoracotomy. In the other 36 patients, videothoracoscopic exploration did not demonstrate any intra-thoracic lesion and the procedure consisted of aspiration of a residual hemothorax with the installation of a good view-controlled thoracic drainage. Hospital stay was between 48 and 72 h. Conclusion Videothoracoscopy is a safe and effective way to explore the thoracic cavity in patients with chest wounds with suspected diaphragmatic lesions. It avoids thoracotomy especially in hemodynamically stable patients.
Investigation into attitudes towards older people with dementia in acute hospital using the Approaches to Dementia Questionnaire
Authors: de Vries Kay , Drury-Ruddlesden Jenny , McGill George 
Published: June 2019

Background Health care professionals have poor recognition of cognitive impairment among older patients and often have difficulties in providing care for people with dementia in acute hospitals. There are also reported high levels of stigma and negative staff attitudes towards people with dementia. Methodology A one-time survey of staff working on acute medical and orthopaedic wards of five District Health Boards in New Zealand using the ‘Approaches to Dementia Questionnaire’; a 19-item Questionnaire that aims to capture two attitudinal domains (Hope and Person-Centredness), towards people with dementia. A total of 563 questionnaires were distributed. Data were analysed using R. Results Three hundred and four (53.99%) respondents completed the survey. Ninety-four of the respondents (31.1%) were aged 51 years or older, and nearly all (88.4%) were women. One hundred and sixty-four of the respondents (53.9%) were registered nurses, 10 were student nurses (3.3%), 24 (7.9%) were healthcare assistants, 70 (23.0%) were allied health professionals, 27 (8.9%) were doctors and 9 (3%) were pharmacists. The mean total score of 72.7 reflected positive attitudes overall on the part of the respondents. Allied health professionals, student nurses and pharmacists had high scores on both scales whilst healthcare assistants scored lowest on both scales. Conclusion Overall, the Approaches to Dementia Questionnaire is a useful measure, but it can be difficult to differentiate between genuine attitudinal differences and confounding influences such as level of knowledge and education amongst such a diverse group of participants. Differences between staff may be considered as a reflection of the high level of direct care that is expected of some staff and not of others. Further, the Approaches to Dementia Questionnaire may not be the most appropriate measure to accurately understand attitudes to dementia care in acute environments; and that it more usefully reveals knowledge about dementia rather than attitudes related to real-time practice.
The role of spectrin in cell adhesion and cell–cell contact
Authors: Machnicka Beata , Grochowalska Renata , Bogusławska Dżamila M , Sikorski Aleksander F 
Published: June 2019

Spectrins are proteins that are responsible for many aspects of cell function and adaptation to changing environments. Primarily the spectrin-based membrane skeleton maintains cell membrane integrity and its mechanical properties, together with the cytoskeletal network a support cell shape. The occurrence of a variety of spectrin isoforms in diverse cellular environments indicates that it is a multifunctional protein involved in numerous physiological pathways. Participation of spectrin in cell–cell and cell–extracellular matrix adhesion and formation of dynamic plasma membrane protrusions and associated signaling events is a subject of interest for researchers in the fields of cell biology and molecular medicine. In this mini-review, we focus on data concerning the role of spectrins in cell surface activities such as adhesion, cell–cell contact, and invadosome formation. We discuss data on different adhesion proteins that directly or indirectly interact with spectrin repeats. New findings support the involvement of spectrin in cell adhesion and spreading, formation of lamellipodia, and also the participation in morphogenetic processes, such as eye development, oogenesis, and angiogenesis. Here, we review the role of spectrin in cell adhesion and cell–cell contact.Impact statementThis article reviews properties of spectrins as a group of proteins involved in cell surface activities such as, adhesion and cell–cell contact, and their contribution to morphogenesis. We show a new area of research and discuss the involvement of spectrin in regulation of cell–cell contact leading to immunological synapse formation and in shaping synapse architecture during myoblast fusion. Data indicate involvement of spectrins in adhesion and cell–cell or cell–extracellular matrix interactions and therefore in signaling pathways. There is evidence of spectrin’s contribution to the processes of morphogenesis which are connected to its interactions with adhesion molecules, membrane proteins (and perhaps lipids), and actin. Our aim was to highlight the essential role of spectrin in cell–cell contact and cell adhesion.
Low-dose versus standard-dose alteplase in acute ischemic stroke in Asian stroke registries: an individual patient data pooling study
Authors: Wang Xia , Li Jingwei , Moullaali Tom J , Lee Keon-Joo , Kim Beom Joon , Bae Hee-Joon , Wang Anxin , Wang Yilong , Wang David Z , Wang Yongjun , Kumamoto Masaya , Toyoda Kazunori , Koga Masatoshi , Sato Shoichiro , Yoshimura Sohei , Sui Yi , Xu Bing , Xiao Ying , Lee Tsong-Hai , Liou Chia-Wei , Lee Jiann-Der , Peng Tsung-I , Huang Yen-Chu , Paliwal Prakash R , Sharma Manasi , Escabillas Cyrus , Navarro Jose C , Sun Mu-Chien , Dong Yi , Dong Qiang , Anderson Craig S , Sharma Vijay K 
Published: June 2019

Objective To investigate the comparative efficacy and safety of the low-dose versus standard-dose alteplase using real-world acute stroke registry data from Asian countries. Methods Individual participant data were obtained from nine acute stroke registries from China, Japan, Philippines, Singapore, South Korea, and Taiwan between 2005 and 2018. Inverse probability of treatment weight was used to remove baseline imbalances between those receiving low-dose versus standard-dose alteplase. The primary outcome was death or disability defined by modified Rankin Scale scores of 2 to 6 at 90 days. Secondary outcomes were symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage and death. Generalized linear mixed models with the individual registry as a random intercept were performed to determine associations of treatment with low-dose alteplase and outcomes. Results Of the 6250 patients (mean age 66 years, 36% women) included in these analyses, 1610 (24%) were treated with low-dose intravenous alteplase. Clinical outcomes for low-dose alteplase were not significantly different to those for standard-dose alteplase, adjusted odds ratios for death or disability: 1.00 (0.85–1.19) and symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage 0.87 (0.63–1.19), except for lower death with borderline significance, 0.77 (0.59–1.01). Conclusions The present analyses of real-world Asian acute stroke registry data suggest that low-dose intravenous alteplase has overall comparable efficacy for functional recovery and greater potential safety in terms of reduced mortality, to standard-dose alteplase for the treatment of acute ischemic stroke.
Dysphagia screening and risks of pneumonia and adverse outcomes after acute stroke: An international multicenter study
Authors: Ouyang Menglu , Boaden Elizabeth , Arima Hisatomi , Lavados Pablo M , Billot Laurent , Hackett Maree L , Olavarría Verónica V , Muñoz-Venturelli Paula , Song Lili , Rogers Kris , Middleton Sandy , Pontes-Neto Octavio M , Lee Tsong-Hai , Watkins Caroline , Robinson Thompson , Anderson Craig S ,   for the HeadPoST Investigators
Published: June 2019

Background Dysphagia is associated with aspiration pneumonia after stroke. Data are limited on the influences of dysphagia screen and assessment in clinical practice. Aims To determine associations between a “brief” screen and “detailed” assessment of dysphagia on clinical outcomes in acute stroke patients. Methods A prospective cohort study analyzed retrospectively using data from a multicenter, cluster cross-over, randomized controlled trial (Head Positioning in Acute Stroke Trial [HeadPoST]) from 114 hospitals in nine countries. HeadPoST included 11,093 acute stroke patients randomized to lying-flat or sitting-up head positioning. Herein, we report predefined secondary analyses of the association of dysphagia screening and assessment and clinical outcomes of pneumonia and death or disability (modified Rankin scale 3–6) at 90 days. Results Overall, 8784 (79.2%) and 3917 (35.3%) patients were screened and assessed for dysphagia, respectively, but the frequency and timing for each varied widely across regions. Neither use of a screen nor an assessment for dysphagia was associated with the outcomes, but their results were compared to “screen-pass” patients, those who failed had higher risks of pneumonia (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 3.00, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.18–4.10) and death or disability (aOR = 1.66, 95% CI = 1.41–1.95). Similar results were evidence for the results of an assessment for dysphagia. Subsequent feeding restrictions were related to higher risk of pneumonia in patients failed dysphagia screen or assessment (aOR = 4.06, 95% CI = 1.72–9.54). Conclusions Failing a dysphagia screen is associated with increased risks of pneumonia and poor clinical outcome after acute stroke. Further studies concentrate on determining the effective subsequent feeding actions are needed to improve patient outcomes.
Changes in Muscle Morphology Following Gastrocnemius Recession for Achilles Tendinopathy: A Prospective Cohort Imaging Study
Authors: DiLiberto Frank E. , Nawoczenski Deborah A. , Tome Josh , Tan Raymond K. , DiGiovanni Benedict F. 
Published: June 2019

Background. The purpose of this study was to evaluate changes in posterior compartment muscle volume and intramuscular fat content following gastrocnemius recession in people with Achilles tendinopathy (AT). Methods. Eight patients diagnosed with unilateral recalcitrant AT and an isolated gastrocnemius contracture participated in this prospective cohort study. Magnetic resonance imaging was performed on both limbs of each participant before and 6 months following an isolated gastrocnemius recession. Involved limb muscle volumes and fat fractions (FFs) of the medial gastrocnemius, lateral gastrocnemius, and soleus muscle were normalized to the uninvolved limb. Preoperative to postoperative comparisons were made with Wilcoxon signed-rank tests. Results. Soleus or lateral gastrocnemius muscle volumes or FFs were not significantly different between study time points. A significant difference was found in medial gastrocnemius muscle volume (decrease; P = .012) and FF (increase; P = .017). Conclusion. A major goal of the Strayer gastrocnemius recession, selective lengthening of the posterior compartment while preserving soleus muscle morphology, was supported. The observed changes isolated to the medial gastrocnemius muscle may reduce ankle plantarflexion torque capacity. Study findings may help inform selection of surgical candidates, refine anticipated outcomes, and better direct postoperative rehabilitation following gastrocnemius recession for AT. Levels of Evidence: Level IV: Prospective cohort study
Canyons of Albania and geotourism development
Authors: Dollma Merita 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Canyons are among the most interesting geosites created by the erosive activity of the rivers, processes of weathering and erosion or tectonic activity and are distinguished for the aesthetic beauty of the shapes, the labyrinths of the valleys, the steepness of the slopes, the greatness of vertical walls, waterfalls, caves, etc., bearing high scientific, educational and touristic values. Albania has a considerable number of canyons due to the presence of a rich river network flowing through the variety of geological formations and tectonic faults. Outstanding are the wellformed canyons in limestone rocks with almost vertical walls such as Gradec canyon in Çorovoda, Lëngarica canyon in Përmet, Grunas canyon in Theth, etc. The only canyons which are formed on magmatic rocks are the canyons of Devoll. For their values, the most interesting canyons are included in the list of nature monuments as geomonuments. The most magnificent and frequented canyons for tourism in Albania are the Osum canyons, Gradec canyon, Lëngarica canyon and Nivica canyon. These distant impressing landforms, once forgotten and unexplored, are now attracting the attention of many tourists either for admiring their natural scenery, hiking and rafting or for curative tourism. However, despite their values the canyons are not enough known due to lack of information or poor promotion. Filling this gap has served this study where the geotouristic potential of the canyons is evaluated according to four criteria of Knapik.at.al such as accessibility, state of preservation, scientific value and education value (Solarska and Jary, 2010). The database of the canyons is organized in an inventory card which contains general and specific data of each geosite. The final product of this project will be a website that will inform the public and promote the values of the canyons of Albania.
Individual variation in the development of the Western Vowel System of Utah
Authors: Bowie David 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The BIT, BING, BET, BAT, BAN, BOOK, and BUT vowels of ten Utah English speakers (born 1883–1928) were analyzed over the course of several decades of their adult lives. Most speakers participated in the Western Vowel System by lowering BIT and BET, retracting BAT, and raising BAN, with some fronting BOOK and BUT. Speakers generally did not exhibit monotonic change across the years from expected positions for BET, BAT, and BAN, and for the most part for BOOK and BUT; however, most speakers showed change with regard to BIT, though speakers differed from each other on the direction of change. Even for those vowels with no consistent direction of intraindividual change, however, in many cases speakers were inconsistent in their production from year to year. Further, speakers’ envelopes of variation were different for various vowels, with the widest range of intraindividual variation in BET and BAT, less variation in BAN and BUT, and little in BIT and BOOK. It is suggested that the envelope of variation is at least as much as an important issue for studies of linguistic behavior across adulthood as any actual shift in linguistic behavior across real time.
Crystal structure of 1,4-bis(2-azidoethyl)piperazine-1,4-diium dichloride trihydrate, C8H18N8Cl2 ⋅ 3 H2O
Authors: Hao Zhi Jian 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
C8H24N8O3, monoclinic, C2/c (no. 15), a = 17.3812(11) Å, b = 7.3688(5) Å, c = 14.0744(9) Å, β = 107.915°, V = 1715.2(2) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0365, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1012, T = 296(2) K.
Experiment on pretreatment of waste water from bamboo heat treatment by combination of iron-carbon micro-electrolysis and Fenton method
Authors: Zhuang Xiaowei , Zhou Wei , Hong Youyou , Li Wenyi , Pan Xin , Chen Shunwei 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The chemical oxygen demand (COD) of waste water from bamboo heat treatment is mainly organic macromolecule compound which degraded from hemicellulos, lignin and extractives. COD is toxic to aquatic organism and human body and very difficult to degrade. The paper studied the possibility of pre-treating the bamboo heat treated waste water (BHTWW) by combination of iron-carbon micro electrolysis and Fenton method. Orthogonal experiment was designed with 3 factors: the initial pH value, retention time and H2O2 dosage, and carried out with a dynamic sampling device with 2:1 iron carbon ratio. Results showed that the iron-carbon micro electrolysis and Fenton were proved to be a potential method in pre-treating BHTWW, and the optimum parameter should be pH 3.0, 40 min residence time and 0.5 % H2O2. After pre-treating, the removal rate of COD was 60.29 %, and B/C (biochemical oxygen demand after 5 days (BOD5)/COD increased from 0.037 to 0.32, the biodegradability was significantly improved. During the pretreatment, the nutrients in BHTWW had been oxidized, the double bound, conjugated double bond in guaiac lignin were opened or broken and degraded into more small molecular, nutrients such as TOC (total organic carbon) content, total nitrogen and total sugar content all decreased which all contributed for the increase of B/C. The microstructure of activated carbon appeared broken and collapses after pretreatment which indicated that they were eroded or involved during the micro electrolysis reaction.
Investigation of the properties of polystyrene-based wood plastic composites: effects of the flame retardant loading and magnetic fields
Authors: Liang Chenwu , Yang Bin , Wang Dan , Chen Jin , Huang Yinhang , Chen Zhigang , Miao Jibin , Qian Jiasheng , Xia Ru , Tu Youlei , Shi You , Chen Peng 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Polystyrene-based wood plastic composites (WPCs) containing ammonium polyphosphate (APP) and iron (Fe) powder were prepared in this work by solution blending with the aid of an alternating magnetic field. The mechanical, electrical, thermal and fire performances of the WPCs were analyzed through mechanical testing, thermogravimetry and CONE calorimeter. The addition of Fe powder decreased the tensile strength and increased the impact strength. The APP promoted the formation of sufficient char on the material’s surface and enhanced the flame retardant properties. Furthermore, an alternating magnetic field was used to align the Fe powders. After the magnetic treatment, the electrical conductivity and thermal properties were found to increase considerably compared with those without treatment. The Agari model presented the most reasonable prediction of thermal conductivity as a function of Fe content among three classical thermal conduction models. According to the morphological observations, the iron particles in the composites tended to rearrange along the direction of the magnetic field after treatment, resulting in the enhancement of both thermal and electrical conductivities. The prepared WPCs in this study exhibited good flame retardant properties together with the acceptable mechanical properties of the composites.
Characterizations of PMMA-based polymer electrolyte membranes with Al2O3
Authors: Sun Cha Chee , You Ah Heng , Teo Lay Lian 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA)-based polymer electrolyte membranes are prepared through the solution cast method, with PMMA:ethylene carbonate (EC):LiCF3SO3:Al2O3 weight ratio of 55.13:18.34:24.5:2. The effect of Al2O3 filler grain sizes of 50 nm and 10 μm on the polymer electrolytes was studied in this work. From the Cole-Cole plot obtained through electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, the highest ionic conductivity for 50-nm Al2O3 in the PMMA-LiCF3SO3-EC-Al2O3 sample was measured as 1.52 × 10−4 S/cm at room temperature. The bonding formation among the host polymer and other additives in the polymer electrolytes has been studied using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. A strong occurrence of CH3 stretching mode has proven that nano size Al2O3 results in a much stronger bonding effect with the host polymer. The particle sizes were calculated by applying the Debye-Scherrer equation from the X-ray diffraction results. This work considers the effect of instrument broadening to further improve the accuracy of particle broadening for particle size calculation. The average particle size of nano size Al2O3 in the PMMA sample is calculated as 2.9693 nm. Moreover, a higher amorphousity level obtained from nano size filler polymer electrolyte of 98.5% computed from differential scanning calorimetry thermograms had also explained the achievement of high ionic conductivity in this work.
Bewegungsförderung bei Frauen in schwierigen Lebenslagen – das BIG-Projekt
Authors: Herbert Annika , Abu-Omar Karim , Streber Anna 
Published: June 2019

Zusammenfassung
Verschiedene Barrieren hindern Frauen in schwierigen Lebenslagen häufig daran, in ausreichendem Umfang körperlich-sportlich aktiv zu sein. Das BIG-Projekt wurde entwickelt, um durch bedarfsgerechte Bewegungsangebote den Zugang zu körperlicher Aktivität für benachteiligte Frauen zu erleichtern. Wesentlich für den Erfolg des Projekts ist die Niederschwelligkeit der Angebote, die starke Beteiligung der Zielgruppe, der Aufbau von gesundheitsförderlichen Strukturen und die kommunale Verankerung des Projekts.
Promises and challenges of gender-sensitive epidemiology
Authors: Miani Céline , Batram-Zantvoort Stephanie , Wandschneider Lisa , Razum Oliver 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Risk factor-oriented epidemiology was largely disconnected from sociological theory. Recently, efforts have been made to integrate more systematically gender as a social concept in epidemiology. An intersectional multi-level approach to gender-sensitive epidemiology could move beyond a male-female dichotomy, allowing to understand the interdependence between various sexual and social identities and mechanisms of discrimination, and explore the complexity of gender-related influences on health.
Geschlechtersensible Gesundheitskommunikation
Authors: Reifegerste Doreen 
Published: June 2019

Zusammenfassung
Für eine geschlechtersensible Gesundheitskommunikation gilt es sowohl biologische und sozio-kulturelle Geschlechterunterschiede in der medizinischen Diagnose und Behandlung als auch solche im Kommunikationsverhalten zu berücksichtigen. Es wird aufgezeigt, wie Geschlechtersensibilität in Medieninhalten, bei der Informationssuche, bei Kampagnen und in der interpersonaler Kommunikation erforscht und gestaltet wird und welche weiteren Merkmale eine Rolle für eine bedarfsorientierte Kommunikation spielen.
Lie Symmetries and Similarity Solutions for Rotating Shallow Water
Authors: Paliathanasis Andronikos 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
We study a nonlinear system of partial differential equations that describe rotating shallow water with an arbitrary constant polytropic index γ for the fluid. In our analysis, we apply the theory of symmetries for differential equations, and we determine that the system of our study is invariant under a five-dimensional Lie algebra. The admitted Lie symmetries form the

{

2

A
1

⊕
s

2

A
1

}

⊕
s

A
1

$\left\{{2{A_{1}}{\ \oplus_{s}}\ 2{A_{1}}}\right\}{\ \oplus_{s}}\ {A_{1}}$

Lie algebra for γ ≠ 1 and

2

A
1

⊕
s

3

A
1

$2{A_{1}}{\ \oplus_{s}}\ 3{A_{1}}$

for γ = 1. The application of the Lie symmetries is performed with the derivation of the corresponding zero-order Lie invariants, which applied to reduce the system of partial differential equations into integrable systems of ordinary differential equations. For all the possible reductions, the algebraic or closed-form solutions are presented. Travel-wave and scaling solutions are also determined.