bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
To Couple or not to Couple? For Acute:Chronic Workload Ratios and Injury Risk, Does it Really Matter?
Authors: Gabbett Tim J. , Hulin Billy , Blanch Peter , Chapman Paul , Bailey David 
Published: July 2019

AbstractWe examined the association between coupled and uncoupled acute:chronic workload ratios (ACWR) and injury risk in a cohort of 28 elite cricket fast bowlers (mean±SD age, 26±5 yr). Workloads were estimated using the session rating of perceived exertion (session-RPE). Coupled ACWRs were calculated using a 1-week acute workload and 4-week chronic workload (acute workload was included in the chronic workload calculation), whereas uncoupled ACWRs used the most recent 1-week acute workload and the prior 3-week chronic workload (acute workload was not included in the chronic workload calculation). A nearly perfect relationship (R2=0.99) was found between coupled and uncoupled ACWRs. Using a percentile rank method, no significant differences in injury risk were found between the coupled and uncoupled ACWR. Higher ACWRs were associated with increased injury likelihood for both coupled and uncoupled methods, however there were no significant differences in injury risk between coupled and uncoupled ACWRs. Our data demonstrates that both coupled and uncoupled ACWRs produce the same injury likelihoods. Furthermore, our results are consistent with previous studies: higher ACWRs are associated with greater risk, irrespective of whether acute and chronic workloads are coupled or uncoupled.
Perspectives of Facial Plastic Surgeons on Opioid Dependence in Rhinoplasty Patients
Authors: Levin Marc , Roskies Michael G. , Asaria Jamil 
Published: July 2019

AbstractUnderstanding the perspectives and opinions of facial plastic surgeons on opioid dependence is critical in a national epidemic of opioid overuse. Findings may encourage surgeon education so that facial plastic surgeons may be able to judiciously prescribe opioids, improving patient outcomes and reducing healthcare opioid-related spending. The objective of this study is to understand facial plastic surgeons' perspectives on opioid dependence in rhinoplasty patients. A key secondary objective was to quantify facial plastic surgeons' opioid prescribing patterns. This was a prospective survey study. A nine-question survey was sent to all members of the American Academy of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery in July of 2018, and analysis of the data was completed in August of 2018. The primary study outcome measurement was surgeon perspectives on opioid dependence. This was measured by an online survey. A total of 164 facial plastic surgeons responded to the survey (response rate: 6.6%). The majority were experienced surgeons in practice for more than 10 years (61.96%) who perform less than five rhinoplasties per week (84.15%). Of the facial plastic surgeons, 89.51% prescribe some variation of opioids following rhinoplasty. Most surgeons believe that opioid dependence is not a problem in rhinoplasty patients (86.96%), but that it is a problem among surgical patients in general (61.11%). The majority (52.45%) of surgeons prescribe between 11 and 25 tablets of opioids following rhinoplasty, with 25.17% of surgeons prescribing > 25 tablets of opioids. Facial plastic surgeons do not believe opioid dependence to be a problem among rhinoplasty patients. Resultantly, many facial plastic surgeons can prescribe more than 25 tables of opioids following rhinoplasty. The findings suggest that facial plastic surgeons may require further education and complete more research regarding opioid dependence among the rhinoplasty population. Additionally, the findings are important for health policy in that they encourage the creation of rhinoplasty specific opioid prescription guidelines.
Manifestation of room-temperature superconductivity in thin films fabricated of YBa2Cu3O7–δ
Authors: Kudriashov A V , Klyachkin L E , Malyarenko A M , Nashchekin A V , Romanov V V , Rykov S A , Bagraev N T 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
We present manifestations of room temperature superconductivity in thin films fabricated of YBa2Cu3O7–δ
(YBCO) on the substrate of NdGaO3
(110). We show that the static magnetic susceptibility measurements demonstrate the Meissner effect in weak magnetic fields at room temperature. In addition, the oscillations of the magnetic susceptibility are revealed in external magnetic field, which can be interpreted as the quantization of magnetic flux through inclusions, with superconducting domains around them and the observation of the field-dependent steps that seem to be of evidence the second-order phase transition of domains. The results obtained are in a good agreement with the data of tunneling I-V curves. Finally, we suggest few further experiments that could confirm our hypothesis.
Automatic lung segmentation method in computed tomography scans
Authors: Shariaty F , Hosseinlou S , Rud’ V Yu 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Lung segmentation in Computed Tomography (CT) images is one of the important steps in Computer Aided Diagnosis (CADx) systems. This paper has proposed a completely automatic algorithm for recognition and segmentation of lungs in 3D pulmonary X-ray CT images. The advantage of this method is separation of attached nodules to the lung wall which are removed in ordinary lung segmentation methods. This method is based on thresholding algorithm that identifies attached nodules with some morphological operations. This method applied to 20 lung CT images has shown that eventually the lungs were correctly segmented. The advantage of using a simple thresholding algorithm is high speed, e.g. the time of the lung segmentation for 300 images is less than 10 seconds.
Plasmonic polarization-sensitive detector of terahertz radiation
Authors: Gorbenko I V , Kachorovsky V Yu , Shur M S 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
We develop a theory of the helicity driven nonlinear DC response of gated two-dimensional electron gas to the terahertz radiation. We demonstrate that the helicity-sensitive part of the response dramatically increases in the vicinity of the plasmonic resonances and oscillates with the phase shift between excitation signals on the source and drain. The resonance line shape is an asymmetric function of the frequency deviation from the resonance. In contrast, the helicity-insensitive part of the response is symmetrical. These properties yield significant advantage for using plasmonic detectors as helicity-sensitive terahertz and far infrared spectrometers and interferometers.
Phase control of the fractional conductance of silicon nanosandwich-structures
Authors: Rul’ N I , Bagraev N T , Klyachkin L E , Malyarenko A M 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
We present the experimental data of the electric features of the silicon nanosandwichstructures obtained by silicon planar technology in the frameworks of the Hall geometry that represent the ultra-shallow silicon quantum well of 2 nm wide that are confined by delta-barrier heavily doped with boron, which create the edge channels used as the phase controllers of electric signals. The formation of the negative-U dipole boron centers, which appear to confine the edge channels, results in the effective mass dropping and corresponding reduction of the electron-electron interaction thereby giving rise to the macroscopic quantum phenomena at high temperatures up to room temperature. The phase control of the longitudinal conductance is observed by changing either the magnitude of the source-drain current or the voltage applied to the external gate of the silicon nanosandwiches within the quantum Faraday effect.
On specific features of the endoscopic image processing
Authors: Galeeva M A , Baranov M A , Pavlov V A , Velichko E N , Zavjalov S V , Govorov I E , Pervunina T M , Komlichenko E V 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Main principles of endoscopic image processing are considered. Specific characteristics of such images and complexities in their classification are discussed. We suggest that several features may be regarded as specific signs that can be used to discriminate between benign and malignant loci. The methods of colour histograms, gradients and texture analysis are considered and discussed.
Simulation of the effect of peculiarities of the energy spectrum structure on the Hall coefficient behaviour in high- temperature superconductors
Authors: Amelina A A , Martynova O A , Gasumyants V E 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
In this paper, we have investigated the influence of peculiarities of the normal-state energy spectrum structure in high-temperature superconductors on the temperature dependences of the Hall coefficient, RH
. Methods for accounting different specific features of the charge-carrier system when approximating the differential Hall conductivity function were proposed and used for simulating the RH
(T) dependences in the framework of a narrow-band model. Simulation results show the Hall coefficient to be most sensitive to the existence of an asymmetry of the dispersion law. Taking this property into account one can obtain the calculated RH
(T) curves corresponding well to the experimental ones observed for samples of the Y-based system with different deviations from the stoichiometric composition. This finding corresponds well to results obtained previously when analyzing the Nernst coefficient behavior in the same system and should be used for a further development of the approach to the joint quantitative analysis of the normal-state electron transport in high-temperature superconductors.
An application of the spectral Radon–Nikodym approach to fluorescence dynamics study of cold atomic cloud ensemble
Authors: Bozhokin S V , Malyshkin V G 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
A fluorescence dynamics of a cold atomic cloud, laser–cooled to a very low temperature, optically excited by a short laser impulse is calculated by applying non–stationary Schrödinger equation to the system of atoms and electromagnetic field. The solution gives fluorescence time–relaxation dependence, with relaxation time distribution depending on the system itself and external electromagnetic field applied. The distribution of the relaxation rates changes, when an external electric field affecting the atomic ensemble is applied. To analyze the relaxation process a novel Radon–Nikodym approach is applied: the relaxation curve is not piece–wise interpolated, but instead is converted to a matrix, the eigenvalues of which provide relaxation rate distribution. In contrasts to the random matrix theory, where the weights, corresponding to an eigenvalue, are considered equal, in this work the weight, corresponding to an individual eigenvalue, is determined by the Lebesgue integral quadrature weights.
Radiomics as a basis for transformation of radiologists skills and partnership
Authors: Meldo A A , Utkin L V 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Artificial intelligence (AI) in the fourth industrial revolution is integrated into the life of modern society. Modern computer technology and software are opening the way for implementation of AI also in medicine. In fact, the position of AI in relation to medicine was unacceptable by the medical community a few years ago. Nevertheless, it is obvious today that the development of IT, including AI, has an impact on the quality of medical care, particularly of diagnosis. Integration of AI systems as an organisational innovation in the work of medical institutions is a significant challenge. It involves the revision of some aspects of the professional education and of issues of the interdisciplinary interaction. A scheme of effective cooperation of specialists of IT and radiologists is proposed in the paper. It aims at the permanent development of AI systems and their implementation in a daily medical practice and proposed by an example of the medical intellectual computer-aided diagnostic system Doctor AIzimov.
On features of implementation of SEFDM-transmitter with optimal shape of envelope
Authors: Smirnova E N , Ovsyannikova A S , Zavjalov S V , Dong G 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
This article describes joint use of two improving spectral efficiency algorithms for multi-frequency signals: SEFDM (Spectrally Efficient Frequency Division Multiplexing) technology and smoothed envelopes. SEFDM-signals are generated with IFFT algorithm. Transmitter with different envelope shapes is realized on SDR-platform HackRF One. Waveforms, spectra and PAPR (peak-to-average power ratio) of SEFDM-signals were obtained from simulation, vector signal generator and SDR-platform.
A study of temperature dependence of phase shift in optoelectronic path of direction finder channels
Authors: Sinicyna E A , Galichina A A , Lukiyanov A S , Shishkov A N , Podstrigaev A S , Davydov V V 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The need to study the temperature dependence of phase difference between optical signals in information transmission channels for direction finder stations is justified. The method is proposed how to determine the phase difference. The experimental results are presented for different cases of temperature change influence on optoelectronic path of direction finder.
A temperature effect study on the laser diode module spectral characteristics
Authors: Petrenko A A , Mikhailovskii G A , Kotova E I , Petrov A B , Bugrov V E 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The paper presents the study results of the semiconductor laser active medium temperature effect, that changes in time during its operation, on its output spectral characteristics. Experimental dependences of the diode laser emission spectra on the laser crystal temperature in the range from 296 to 320 K are investigated. Using a heat fluxes computer model the possible reasons were analyzed for the time variation of the laser diode module spectral characteristics with several single emitters that are fixed on the ladder platform. The obtained results can be used for the large-scale laser diode modules design, including a large number of emitters, with high requirements for the output characteristics stability. Thermal fields and isothermal surfaces for a laser diode module with total thermal loads exceeding 30 W are studied.
Imbalance Mechanism of Capacitor Voltage and Control Strategy for Hybrid Modular Multilevel Converter with Negative Output
Authors: Gao L , Ning L H , Yin Y J , Wu D , Liu N M , Teng H D 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
In a flexible DC transmission system with a large-capacity overhead line, a hybrid modular multilevel converter (MMC) consisting of the half bridge submodule (HBSM) and the full bridge submodule(FBSM) has become a research hotspot due to its self-cleaning capability of DC short-circuit fault. Under the operating conditions of reducing the DC voltage, due to the different charging and discharging characteristics of the half bridge submodule and the full bridge submodule, a capacitor voltage imbalance may occur between the two submodules. This paper first studies the number configuration of half-bridge submodules and full-bridge sub-modules in modular multilevel converters. Then, the capacitor voltage imbalance mechanism of the hybrid MMC sub-module is analyzed in detail, and the optimal control strategy of the capacitor voltage balance is derived according to the configuration requirements of the two sub-modules. Finally, a hybrid MMC-based flexible DC transmission system is established in the PSCAD/EMTDC simulation environment, low DC voltage operation of the system are simulated to verify the correctness and effectiveness of the control strategy.
Construction Method of Backbone Grid Based on Survivability in Power Grid
Authors: Li Feng , Peng Hui-min , Li Wei , Yuan Hu-lin 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Identifying backbone grid has great significance to the differential planning of power grid, which can improve the ability to withstand natural disasters effectively. In this paper, the problem of exploring backbone grid is formulated as a mixed integer nonlinear programming problem and the optimization target should balance the survivability and cost. Then, the problem of searching for backbone grid is solved with improved biogeography-based optimization algorithm, and several improvement strategies are employed to enhance the convergence rate and precision of the proposed method. The simulation verifies that the mathematical model can identify backbone grid appropriately and the improved algorithm can figure out backbone grid more effectively.
Analysis on Short Circuit Current Limiting Effect of Installing Small Reactance in 500kV Autotransformer’s Neutral-point
Authors: Fangfang Shi , Zeqing Zhao , Chao Yang , Zehui Zhang , Zhaohui Zhang , Mengmeng Sun , Meng Liu 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
For the condition that single-phase short circuit current exceeds three-phase short circuit current occurs on some of Shandong 500kV substations’ 220kV bus, this paper studies the principle of limiting 500kV autotransformer’s short circuit current by installing small reactance. Considering that installing small reactance at 500kV autotransformer’s neutral point influences the zero sequence circuit, this paper suggests to configure independent relay protection on small reactance which aims at supervision the short circuit current and improving reliability. Protection setting for neutral-grounding small reactance is proposed. Simulation results and protection setting software show the effect of limiting short circuit current by installing small neutral-point reactance.
Improved Control Strategy for Doubly-fed wind Turbines in Weak Synchronous Support Systems
Authors: Wang Weiyuan , Dou Fei , Yang Mengmeng , Huang Qinxin , Gao Yifan 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
When the wind power is sent as the interface by the line commutated converter, the vector-controlled doubly-fed wind turbine will be difficult to operate without power supply support, and it is impossible to send the wind power through the HVDC transmission system on a large scale. Future planned land-based wind power bases are becoming more remote and may not contain synchronous units. Therefore, it is extremely urgent to design a dual-feeder control strategy that can operate independently. In this paper, the control target of the doubly-fed turbine is changed to control the stator voltage and frequency. An improved control strategy of the doubly-fed turbine in the weak synchronous support system is proposed. The doubly-fed turbine will have the ability to send out through the line commutated converter. The simulation analysis of the wind power access weak synchronous support system sent by the HVDC transmission system is carried out. Under the natural wind disturbance, the sending end and the receiving end communication system disturbance, the doubly-fed turbine can quickly resume normal operation. With the effectiveness of this control strategy, the doubly-fed turbine can operate independently even if it loses its synchronous power supply.
Issues on Series-Parallel Circuits and their Drives in the Linear Machine for Heavy Mass Energy Storage System
Authors: Zhang Daming 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
An energy storage system using a linear machine for lifting heavy mass to convert its potential energy to/from electricity has the following advantages 1) Environment friendliness; 2) Long life span; 3) Potential lower cost-to-life span ratio which tests human-beings patience to see. Such kind of system has rotor or mover and stator structure. For simplicity, the stator can take windings spreading from the bottom to top of interleaved stator structure with windings wound around it. The stator windings are formed by multiple strands of aluminium conductors in parallel to reduce ohmic losses, leading to higher efficiency. The rotor or mover is formed by multiple fundamental units which are reinforced by stainless steel or other reinforcement, each unit consisting of flat copper conductor sandwiched between magnetic materials through insulators. The copper conductor in each unit is joined at terminals either in series or in parallel. In this paper research is on the issues of having proper number of series and parallel circuits.
Electromagnetic Transient Analysis of 750kV Four-circuit Transmission Line on the Same Tower
Authors: Lou Ying , Zha Zhipeng , He Huiwen , Li Zhenqiang 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The ATP-EMTP program is used to calculate the power frequency overvoltage, open-phase power frequency resonant overvoltage, induced voltage and current, secondary arc current and recovery voltage, and switching overvoltage of 750kV four-circuit transmission line on the same tower. The study reveals that the configuration of four circuits on the same tower has little influence on the power frequency and switching overvoltage, but greatly influences the secondary arc current and recovery voltage, and induced voltage and current. Therefore, measures like installing high-voltage shunt reactor and neutral grounding reactor and line transposition are required. Also, the induced voltage and current ratings of earthing switch are proposed.
Fault Diagnosis Method of Circuit Breakers Based on Weighted Fuzzy Petri Nets
Authors: Zhang Xiaotong , Chen Qing , Sun Mengxuan , Huang Wudi , Gao Wangyuan 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The maintenance and self-healing of circuit breakers are very difficult when the fault diagnosis results of circuit breakers cannot cover all kinds of fault causes. This paper proposes a method for comprehensively diagnosing circuit breaker faults. The method simulates the action process of circuit breakers based on weighted fuzzy Petri nets and makes it feasible to infer circuit breaker fault causes from different aspects. The model shows the action sequence of the circuit breaker by associating the control mechanism, the operating mechanism, the transmission mechanism and the contact part of the circuit breaker, and each part of it is described with the corresponding abnormal signals of the circuit breaker stored in the substation end. Specific fault reasons of the circuit breaker can be inferred by considering the action sequence and the relationship between the abnormal information and fault causes. The results for some test cases show that this method can obtain the diagnosis results covering various possible fault causes.
Calculation of Power Frequency Electric Field Around Ultra-High Voltage AC Transmission Lines
Authors: Zhang Yanyan , Wang Aihua , Yang Weiwei , Gao Nannan , Niu Lin , Li Pei , Huang Jinxin 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Under the increasingly stringent situation of environmental protection management, it is necessary to research the distribution law of power frequency electric field around Ultra-High Voltage (UHV) AC transmission lines to provide technical basis for the design of transmission lines and the environmental impact assessment. Firstly the basic principle of equivalent charge method and its mathematical model are introduced in this paper. Then it is researched how to use equivalent charge method to analyze the electric field near the transmission lines. Based on the three-phase double-circuit overhead transmission line model, the influences of several factors on the power frequency electric field have been analyzed. These factors include the conductor-to-ground height, the phase sequence arrangement, the number of split conductors and the split spacing. Finally the frequency electric field of parallel UHV AC transmission lines is discussed. The results can provide reference for engineering design of UHV AC transmission lines.