bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Do Women have Adequate Knowledge about Pelvic Floor Dysfunctions? A Systematic Review
Authors: Fante Júlia Ferreira , Silva Thais Daniel , Mateus-Vasconcelos Elaine Cristine Lemes , Ferreira Cristine Homsi Jorge , Brito Luiz Gustavo Oliveira 
Published: August 2019

Objective We sought to investigate whether women present adequate knowledge of the main pelvic floor disorders (PFDs) (urinary incontinence – UI, fecal incontinence – FI, and pelvic organ prolapse – POP).
Data sources A systematic review was performed in the MEDLINE, PEDro, CENTRAL, and Cochrane databases for publications from inception to April 2018.
Selection of studies A total of 3,125 studies were reviewed. Meta-analysis was not possible due to the heterogeneity of primary outcomes and the diversity of instruments for measuring knowledge. The quality of the articles included in the analysis was evaluated with the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) adapted for cross-sectional studies.
Data collection Two authors performed data extraction into a standardized spreadsheet.
Data synthesis Nineteen studies were included, comprising 11,512 women. About the methodological quality (NOS), most of the studies (n = 11) presented a total score of 6 out of 10. Validated questionnaires and designed pilot-tested forms were the most frequently used ways of assessing knowledge. Some studies were stratified by race, age, or group minorities. The most used questionnaire was the prolapse and incontinence knowledge questionnaire (PIKQ) (n = 5). Knowledge and/or awareness regarding PFD was low to moderate among the studies. Urinary incontinence was the most prevalent PFD investigated, and the most important risk factors associated with the lack of knowledge of the pelvic floor were: African-American ethnicity (n = 3), low educational level (n = 4), low access to information (n = 5) and socioeconomic status (n = 3).
Conclusion Most women have a gap in the knowledge of pelvic floor muscle dysfunctions, do not understand their treatment options, and are not able to identify risk factors for these disorders.
Spontaneous coronary artery dissection in a patient with cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leucoencephalopathy syndrome: a case report
Authors: Tsanaxidis Nikolaos , Elshafie Sally , Munir Shahzad 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Background
Cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leucoencephalopathy (CADASIL) syndrome is a genetically inherited condition most notably affecting the central nervous system in young adults. There is limited knowledge on its association with coronary arteries, and its association with spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) has not been previously reported.

Case summary
A 61-year-old woman who is known to have CADASIL syndrome presented with anterior ST-segment myocardial infarction and underwent emergency angiography. This showed appearance consistent with SCAD in the mid left anterior descending artery with tubular stenosis.

Discussion
The association between CADASIL syndrome and SCAD has not been previously reported. The similarity in the underlying pathophysiology of these two conditions makes this case intriguing.
Whose Game? FIFA, Corruption and the Challenge of Global Governance
Authors: Gill Sahiba , Adelus Edouard , de Abreu Duarte Francisco 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The present review essay provides an analysis of the Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA) from the point of view of global governance. Through a review of five books on corruption in FIFA, written for a general audience, the essay describes FIFA as an institution of global governance in which several forms of corruption are widespread among its member organizations and confederations and within the FIFA leadership. This review essay uses the accounts of corruption in FIFA that these books provide to argue that corruption helps solve coordination problems in FIFA by coordinating divergent interests, allocating or distributing funds and allowing for a network of diverse and diffuse actors to fundamentally shape global football. The systemic use of bribing and the exchange of political favours and other means of informal allocation of power are more than mere spontaneous illegalities; they represent an informal, but systematic, means of governance in FIFA. We argue that the February 2016 FIFA reforms fell short of addressing this activity. The reviewed books all call for governing FIFA in the public interest, and the essay presents some pathways to reform and potential replacements for the use of corruption with the aim of returning the game to the general public.
Abiotic and Biotic Factors Affecting Loblolly Pine Health in the Southeastern United States
Authors: Coyle David R , Barnes Brittany F , Klepzig Kier D , Koch Frank H , Morris Lawrence A , Nowak John T , Otrosina William J , Smith William D , Gandhi Kamal J K 
Published: August 2019

AbstractSouthern pine forests are important fiber and wood sources, and critical to local, regional, and national economies in the United States. Recently, certain areas of southern pine forests, especially those dominated by loblolly pine (Pinus taeda), have been reported to exhibit abnormally high levels of tree dieback and mortality. However, causal agents either have not been well defined or are controversial in their impacts on tree health. We assessed various abiotic (e.g., slope, aspect, soil characteristics) and biotic (e.g., tree species, stand characteristics, presence of root fungi) factors in 37 healthy (asymptomatic) and unhealthy (symptomatic) sites to elucidate specific factors affecting loblolly pine health in Alabama and Georgia. Soil nutrient content did not differ statistically between healthy and unhealthy sites, but manganese contents were slightly greater, and nitrogen and carbon contents were slightly lower in healthy sites. Unhealthy sites did have a higher silt content than did healthy sites. Pine stems and basal area were greater on unhealthy than on healthy sites, whereas opposite trends were observed for the incidence of stem cankers and mechanical damage. An increased incidence of the root fungal pathogen Heterobasidion irregulare, the causal agent of Heterobasidion root disease, was found on unhealthy sites, but incidence of Leptographium spp. did not differ between the two site types. Thus, soil attributes, stand structure, and management history seem to be the most critical factors affecting loblolly pine health, at least at the local level. Further, some of these factors may be improved through appropriate silvicultural techniques, emphasizing the importance of silviculture in maintaining pine health throughout the southern region.
The Strength of Weak Review: National Courts, Interpretive Canons, and Human Rights Treaties
Authors: Lupu Yonatan , Verdier Pierre-Hugues , Versteeg Mila 
Published: August 2019

AbstractEnforcement of international law is often delegated to national courts, creating a space for them to play a part in international judicialization. Under what conditions can they do so? We argue that the answer depends on the relationship between the political and legal constraints national courts face. National courts must be careful to safeguard their independence in the face of potential backlash, but they face constraints in terms of the legal mechanisms available to them when enforcing international law. We focus on the availability of two legal mechanisms: direct effect, under which courts apply treaties directly, setting aside inconsistent domestic laws; and canons of interpretation, under which courts strive to interpret domestic laws in conformity with treaties. We find that the effects of human rights treaty ratification is greater when courts have the canon available to them than it is when courts have direct effect available to them.
A semi-automated pipeline for fulfillment of resource requests from a longitudinal Alzheimer's disease registry
Authors: McKenzie Katelyn A , Hunt Suzanne L , Hulshof Genevieve , Mudaranthakam Dinesh Pal , Meyer Kayla , Vidoni Eric D , Burns Jeffrey M , Mahnken Jonathan D 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Objective
Managing registries with continual data collection poses challenges, such as following reproducible research protocols and guaranteeing data accessibility. The University of Kansas (KU) Alzheimer’s Disease Center (ADC) maintains one such registry: Curated Clinical Cohort Phenotypes and Observations (C3PO). We created an automated and reproducible process by which investigators have access to C3PO data.

Materials and Methods
Data was input into Research Electronic Data Capture. Monthly, data part of the Uniform Data Set (UDS), that is data also collected at other ADCs, was uploaded to the National Alzheimer’s Coordinating Center (NACC). Quarterly, NACC cleaned, curated, and returned the UDS to the KU Data Management and Statistics (DMS) Core, where it was stored in C3PO with other quarterly curated site-specific data. Investigators seeking to utilize C3PO submitted a research proposal and requested variables via the publicly accessible and searchable data dictionary. The DMS Core used this variable list and an automated SAS program to create a subset of C3PO.

Results
C3PO contained 1913 variables stored in 15 datasets. From 2017 to 2018, 38 data requests were completed for several KU departments and other research institutions. Completing data requests became more efficient; C3PO subsets were produced in under 10 seconds.

Discussion
The data management strategy outlined above facilitated reproducible research practices, which is fundamental to the future of research as it allows replication and verification to occur.

Conclusion
We created a transparent, automated, and efficient process of extracting subsets of data from a registry where data was changing daily.
Longitudinal Evaluation of Pressure Applied by Custom Fabricated Garments Worn by Adult Burn Survivors
Authors: Nedelec Bernadette , De Oliveira Ana , Calva Valerie , Couture Marie-Andrée , Poulin Chantale , LaSalle Leo , Correa José A 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Custom fabricated pressure garments (PGs) are commonly used to prevent or treat hypertrophic scars (HSc) after burn injury. However, there is minimal scientific evidence quantifying pressure after standard measurement and fitting techniques. Adult burn survivors whose HSc was treated with PGs were recruited. Trained fitters, blinded to study locations and results, took the garment measures. Once the PGs arrived and were fitted, baseline pressure measures at HSc and normal skin (NS) sites were determined using the Pliance X® System. Pressure readings were repeated at 1, 2, and 3 months. The mean baseline pressure was 15.3 (SD 10.4) at HSc and 13.4 (SD 11.9) at NS sites. There was a significant reduction during the first month at both sites (P = .0002 HSc; P = .0002 NS). A multivariable linear regression mixed model, adjusting for garment type, baseline pressure, and repeated measures, revealed further reduction at HSc sites between 1 and 2 months (P = .03). By 3 months, the mean pressure reduced to 9.9 (SD 6.7) and 9.15 (SD 7.2) mm Hg at HSc and NS sites, respectively. At each time point, the pressure was higher at HSc compared with NS but was significantly different only at 1 month (P = .01). PGs were worn ≥12 hr/d 7 d/wk. PGs that apply 15 to 25 mm Hg pressure significantly improve HSc; however, immediately after fitting newly fabricated PGs, the average pressure was at the bottom of the recommended range and by 1 month was significantly below. Clinicians are likely underestimating the dosage required and the significant pressure loss within the first 2 months.
Autophagy Is a Common Degradation Pathway for Bunina Bodies and TDP-43 Inclusions in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
Authors: Mori Fumiaki , Miki Yasuo , Kon Tomoya , Tanji Kunikazu , Wakabayashi Koichi 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBunina bodies (BBs) coexisting with TDP-43-immunoreactive (TDP-43-IR) skein-like inclusions (SIs) and round inclusions (RIs) in lower motor neurons are a frequent feature of sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (sALS). Since previous studies have shown that BBs and TDP-43-IR inclusions are often detected in association with autophagy-related structures (autophagosomes and autolysosomes), we examined the anterior horn cells (AHCs) of the spinal cord from 15 patients with sALS and 6 control subjects, using antibodies against autophagy-related proteins (LC3, cathepsin B, and cathepsin D). Among AHCs with SIs, 43.9% contained BBs, whereas 51.7% of AHCs with RIs did so. The cytoplasm of AHCs showed diffuse immunoreactivity for LC3, cathepsin B and cathepsin D in both sALS and controls. Ultrastructurally, SIs and mature BBs contained autophagosomes and autolysosomes. Mature BBs were localized in the vicinity of SIs. RIs also contained autophagosomes, autolysosomes, and early-stage BBs. These findings suggest that autophagy is a common degradation pathway for BBs and TDP-43-IR inclusions, which may explain their frequent coexistence.
Duties and challenges of the regulation related to decommissioning and abandonment of oil wells in Colombia
Authors: Boza Marianna , Gutierrez Rico Ana Paola 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Under Colombian petroleum legislation, certain procedures must be applied when an oil well that has been drilled turns out to be dry or must be abandoned due to mechanical problems. In these cases the steps of physical abandonment, dismantling of facilities and restoration must be fulfilled, a situation that can occur in any of the phases of the contract, leading to a variation in the obligations by the concessionaire according to the activities that must be performed in each phase. The Agencia Nacional de Hidrocarburos (ANH by its acronym in Spanish) is the administrator of the hydrocarbon resource in Colombia and within its functions is the concession aire of the areas for the exploration and exploitation of hydrocarbons. This document highlights the role of the ANH as a contractual subject and responsible for compliance with the contractual obligations between the Agency and the concessionaires as well as the rules and regulations established by law. Liabilities may arise in relation to non-fulfilment of these obligations, which have led to a series of solution mechanisms being devised, according to the special nature of the concession.
Enhancing multi-center generalization of machine learning-based depression diagnosis from resting-state fMRI
Authors: Nakano Takashi , Takamura Masahiro , Ichikawa Naho , Okada Go , Okamoto Yasumasa , Yamada Makiko , Suhara Tetsuya , Yamawaki Shigeto , Yoshimoto Junichiro 
Published: August 2019

AbstractResting-state fMRI has the potential to find abnormal behavior in brain activity and to diagnose patients with depression. However, resting-state fMRI has a bias depending on the scanner site, which makes it difficult to diagnose depression at a new site. In this paper, we propose methods to improve the performance of the diagnosis of major depressive disorder (MDD) at an independent site by reducing the site bias effects using regression. For this, we used a subgroup of healthy subjects of the independent site to regress out site bias. We further improved the classification performance of patients with depression by focusing on melancholic depressive disorder. Our proposed methods would be useful to apply depression classifiers to subjects at completely new sites.
Systematic integration of GATA transcription factors and epigenomes via IDEAS paints the regulatory landscape of mouse hematopoietic cells
Authors: Hardison Ross C. , Zhang Yu , Keller Cheryl A. , Xiang Guanjue , Heuston Elisabeth , An Lin , Lichtenberg Jens , Giardine Belinda M. , Bodine David , Mahony Shaun , Li Qunhua , Yue Feng , Weiss Mitchell J. , Blobel Gerd , Taylor James , Hughes Jim , Higgs Doug , Gottgens Berthold 
Published: August 2019

SummaryMembers of the GATA family of transcription factors play key roles in the differentiation of specific cell lineages by regulating the expression of target genes. Three GATA factors play distinct roles in hematopoietic differentiation. In order to better understand how these GATA factors function to regulate genes throughout the genome, we are studying the epigenomic and transcriptional landscapes of hematopoietic cells in a model-driven, integrative fashion. We have formed the collaborative multi-lab VISION project to conduct ValIdated Systematic IntegratiON of epigenomic data in mouse and human hematopoiesis. The epigenomic data included nuclease accessibility in chromatin, CTCF occupancy, and histone H3 modifications for twenty cell types covering hematopoietic stem cells, multilineage progenitor cells, and mature cells across the blood cell lineages of mouse. The analysis used the Integrative and Discriminative Epigenome Annotation System (IDEAS), which learns all common combinations of features (epigenetic states) simultaneously in two dimensions - along chromosomes and across cell types. The result is a segmentation that effectively paints the regulatory landscape in readily interpretable views, revealing constitutively active or silent loci as well as the loci specifically induced or repressed in each stage and lineage. Nuclease accessible DNA segments in active chromatin states were designated candidate cis-regulatory elements in each cell type, providing one of the most comprehensive registries of candidate hematopoietic regulatory elements to date. Applications of VISION resources are illustrated for regulation of genes encoding GATA1, GATA2, GATA3, and Ikaros. VISION resources are freely available from our website http://usevision.org.
Hedgehog signaling regulates neurogenesis in the larval and adult zebrafish hypothalamus
Authors: Male Ira , Ozacar A. Tuba , Fagan Rita R. , Loring Matthew , Shen Meng-Chieh , Pace Veronica , Devine Chris , Lutservitz Alyssa , Karlstrom Rolf O. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractWhile neurogenesis in the adult hypothalamus is now known to be essential for proper function, the cell-cell signaling events that regulate neurogenesis in this evolutionarily conserved brain region remain poorly understood. Here we show that Hedgehog (Hh)/Gli signaling positively regulates hypothalamic neurogenesis in both larval and adult zebrafish and is necessary and sufficient for normal hypothalamic proliferation rates. Hedgehog-responsive cells are relatively rapidly proliferating pluripotent neural precursors that give rise to dopaminergic, serotonergic, and GABAergic neurons.in situand transgenic reporter analyses revealed substantial heterogeneity in cell-cell signaling within the hypothalamic niche, with slow cycling Nestin-expressing cells residing among distinct and overlapping populations of Sonic Hh (Shh)-expressing, Hh-responsive, Notch-responsive, and Wnt-responsive radial glia. This work shows for the first time that Hh/Gli-signaling is a key component of the complex cell-cell signaling environment that regulates hypothalamic neurogenesis throughout life.
The CHORD protein CHP-1 regulates EGF receptor trafficking and signaling inC. elegansand in human cells
Authors: Haag Andrea , Walser Michael , Henggeler Adrian , Hajnal Alex 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe intracellular trafficking of growth factor receptors determines the activity of their downstream signaling pathways. The putative co-chaperone CHP-1 acts as a regulator of EGFR trafficking duringC.elegansvulval development. Loss ofchp-1causes the retention of the EGFR in the ER and decreased MAPK signaling. CHP-1 functions specifically, as the localization of other receptors is unaltered inchp-1(lf)mutants, and inhibiting other co-chaperones does not affect EGFR localization. The role of CHP-1 during EGFR trafficking is conserved in humans. Analogous toC.elegans, the response of CHP-1-deficient human cells to EGF stimulation is attenuated, the EGFR accumulates in the ER and ERK2 activity is decreased. Although CHP-1 has been proposed to act as a co-chaperone for HSP90, our data indicate an HSP90-independent function of CHP-1. The identification of CHP-1 as a regulator of EGFR trafficking opens the possibility to identify small molecule chaperone inhibitors targeting the EGFR pathway with increased selectivity.
Developmental stage-specific distribution of macrophages in mouse mammary gland
Authors: Stewart Teneale A. , Hughes Katherine , Hume David A. , Davis Felicity M. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractMammary gland development begins in the embryo and continues throughout the reproductive life of female mammals. Tissue macrophages (Mϕs), dependent on signals from the Mϕ colony stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R), have been shown to regulate the generation, regression and regeneration of this organ, which is central for mammalian offspring survival. However, the distribution of Mϕs in the pre- and post-natal mammary gland, as it undergoes distinct phases of development and regression, is unknown or has been inferred from immunostaining of thin tissue sections. Here, we used optical tissue clearing and 3-dimensional imaging of mammary tissue obtained fromCsf1r-EGFPmice. Whilst tissue Mϕs were observed at all developmental phases, their abundance, morphology, localization and association with luminal and basal epithelial cells exhibited stage-specific differences. Furthermore, sexual dimorphism was observed at E14.5, when the male mammary bud is severed from the overlying epidermis. These findings provide new insights into the localization and possible functions of heterogeneous tissue Mϕ populations in mammogenesis.
Towards large‐scale stochastic refraction tomography: a comparison of three evolutionary algorithms
Authors: Luu Keurfon , Noble Mark , Gesret Alexandrine , Thierry Philippe 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACTThe main goal of this study is to assess the potential of evolutionary algorithms to solve highly non‐linear and multi‐modal tomography problems (such as first arrival traveltime tomography) and their abilities to estimate reliable uncertainties. Classical tomography methods apply derivative‐based optimization algorithms that require the user to determine the value of several parameters (such as regularization level and initial model) prior to the inversion as they strongly affect the final inverted model. In addition, derivative‐based methods only perform a local search dependent on the chosen starting model. Global optimization methods based on Markov chain Monte Carlo that thoroughly sample the model parameter space are theoretically insensitive to the initial model but turn out to be computationally expensive. Evolutionary algorithms are population‐based global optimization methods and are thus intrinsically parallel, allowing these algorithms to fully handle available computer resources. We apply three evolutionary algorithms to solve a refraction traveltime tomography problem, namely the differential evolution, the competitive particle swarm optimization and the covariance matrix adaptation–evolution strategy. We apply these methodologies on a smoothed version of the Marmousi velocity model and compare their performances in terms of optimization and estimates of uncertainty. By performing scalability and statistical analysis over the results obtained with several runs, we assess the benefits and shortcomings of each algorithm.