bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Starting Right, an evidence-based assessment of children in municipalities healthcare centers
Authors: Haraldstad K , Mølland E , Abildsnes E , Westergren T 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
During the last century, children’s health has evolved significantly, with mental health issues becoming a prominent public health concern. Childhood health problems profoundly impact quality of life (QoL), development, school functioning, and social interactions, affecting society broadly. In Norway, child and school health services offer free comprehensive care within the municipal primary health care system, prioritizing health promotion and prevention to address social health inequalities. The Norwegian Starting RightTM project recruits’ children aged 6 months to16 years and their parents, emphasizing early intervention and support to reduce health inequalities and promote well-being. In the Starting RightTM project, online proxy- and child-reported questionnaires are used to support public health nurses (PHNs) in assessing children’s health and development in routine follow- up. Parents and children receive an SMS text message asking them to answer an online questionnaire before attending their regular appointments in child or school health services. Validated instruments measure the development (ASQ, ASQ-SE), mental health (SDQ) and health-related quality of life (HRQoL), (KIDSCREEN -27). By mapping children and adolescents’ health and through discussions with PHNs, parents and children may be more involved in children’s health and development and may increase their Health Literacy. The primary objective of the proposed project is to develop child and school health services and improve children’s health and HRQoL. The ongoing project is the first to systematically assess development, health and HRQoL in children and adolescents in Norway through ordinary services, and to do so longitudinally. At present, &gt;2000 children have been included. The large sample size combined with a broad multi- and interdisciplinary approach is unique from a national perspective. The upcoming workshop will showcase findings from this innovative study.
Latent tubercolosis infection in the migrant population: an Italian surveillance experience
Authors: Pagliantini G , Montomoli E , Frazzetta R , Fattorini M , Massini C , Rosadini D , Guerreschi E , De Luca A , Urso A D’ , Nante N 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
The Special Reception Center (“Centro Accoglienza Straordinario” or CAS in Italian) concept was born in Italy in 2014 to receive the large number of migrants arriving in Italy. There are around 3100 centres are in Italy, of which 200+ in Tuscany. Each Center’s objective is to support migrants’ social integration through Italian language and job orientation courses. On arrival at a facility, migrants undergo diagnostic and lab tests to highlight potentially infectious diseases; among these, tuberculosis is one of the most frequently encountered. Therefore, the objective of the study is to estimate the prevalence of Latent Tuberculosis Infections (LTBIs) among migrants hosted in CAS centers.

Methods
From May-December 2023, Amiata Senese, Val d’Orcia and Valdichiana Senese Public Health Unit staff, according to national and departmental guidelines, implemented a number of health surveillance protocols, with close attention to latent tuberculosis infection. This protocol includes the Mantoux TB skin test at the CAS: in case of positivity, subjects are directed to further exams (chest X-ray, TB-IGRA blood test, infectious disease specialist consultation) in order to implement a therapy.

Results
From May-December 2023, 259 migrants (241 males and 18 females) received the TB skin tests. Average subject age was 26. Pakistan was the most represented nation of origin with 130 migrants (50%), followed by Bangladesh (9.7%) and Ivory Coast (7.3%). 77 migrants showed a positive TB skin test result (29.7%): of these 56 (i.e. 21.6% of the migrants screened) were also positive to the TB-IGRA blood test and treated for LTBI.

Conclusions
The high prevalence of LTBIs found in the referenced CAS indicates the need to continue/extend these surveillance protocols. Implementing successfully this procedure requires the involvement of a range of professionals from the socio-health sector within a process necessarily coordinated by the Disease Prevention Department.

Key messages
• Screening and surveillance of infectious diseases among migrant population represent a major public health issue for European health systems.
• Detection and treatment of Latent Tubercolosis Infections require a multiprofessional and integrated approach, coordinated by the Disease Prevention Department.
Civic participation and self-reported health: An intersectional comparative study in Europe
Authors: Rossetti F , Charafeddine R 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Civic participation has been associated with better self-reported health (SRH). However, how does the association between civic participation and SRH vary by sex and migration status? This study aims to examine the association between social and political determinants of health and SRH in an intersectional perspective.

Methods
We use data from 26 countries in the 2022 EU Statistics on Income and Living Conditions (EU-SILC) (n = 425,178, 18-80 y.o.), following an intercategorical approach. Eight intersectional groups are created based on sex, migration status and being socially/politically active (participation in activities related to active citizenship or in formal/informal voluntary activities). Multilevel (ML) logistic regression models are employed to assess the association between these groups and SRH, controlling for age and educational level.

Results
24.6% of the sample indicate to be socially or politically active, with significant differences between sexes and migration status. A higher proportion of non-migrant active men report good SRH compared to the other intersectional groups (95.2%). Preliminary results from the ML logistic models show that being active increases the likelihood of good SRH (OR = 1.77, 95% CI 1.72-1.83). Migrant active women report better SRH than their non-active counterparts (OR = 1.27, 95% CI 1.12-1.44).

Conclusions
Findings suggest that being socially/politically active has a positive impact on SRH, especially among foreign women living in European countries. The study highlights the importance of considering civic (both political and social) participation as health determinant and the need of investing in social capital as a way of health promotion, tackling health inequalities and the marginalisation of at-risk groups.

Key messages
• Civic participation might strengthen individuals’ health, including among migrant women.
• Public health policies should consider civic participation as significant determinant of individuals’ health, as well as a way of tackling health inequalities.
Chronic pain over time among Syrian refugees resettled in Norway
Authors: Sima Y , Strømme E M , Diaz E 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Chronic pain disproportionately impacts vulnerable groups such as migrants and refugees. This study investigates the long-term changes in chronic pain experienced by Syrian refugees in Norway and explores the factors influencing these changes.

Methods
This prospective cohort study used data from the CHART and Integration for Health studies, with data collection at three points: in Lebanon (Wave-1), one year (Wave-2), and four years post-arrival in Norway (Wave-3). All participants who completed surveys at these timepoints were included (n = 132). Chronic pain was measured by asking about pain lasting at least six months. Mixed-effects logistic regression was used to examine changes in prevalence and assess how age, gender, educational level (categorized as low, ≤9 years, and high, &gt;9 years), and mental health symptoms (anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic disorders) affect these changes.

Results
Between Wave-1 and Wave-3, the proportion of participants reporting chronic pain increased from 31% to 53%, with an odds ratio of 3.6 (95% CI 2.2 - 5.8). There was an interaction between changes in chronic pain over time and participants’ educational level, where the increase in pain prevalence over time was more pronounced among participants with lower educational levels than higher levels. No modification with the other factors were detected.

Conclusions
The study observed an increase in the number of participants reporting chronic pain over time. Low educational level at baseline emerged as a useful indicator for identifying those at higher risk of chronic pain. Understanding this correlation can be crucial for guiding preventive strategies and optimizing resource allocation to assist those most vulnerable.

Key messages
• Chronic pain disproportionately impacts vulnerable groups such as refugees.
• Refugees with lower education levels at baseline were more likely to experience chronic pain over time.
Community Health Worker Service: addressing the needs of Gypsy/Travellers in Scotland
Authors: Biazus Dalcin C , McFadden A , Vidal N 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Members of the Gypsy/Traveller community in the United Kingdom face significant health inequalities compared to the general population, including lower life expectancy, higher rates of morbidity and suicide and poorer infant and child outcomes. This study evaluated the implementation of community-based lay workers in Scotland - the Gypsy/Traveller Community Health Worker (CHW) service.

Methods
This multi-method qualitative study (December 2021 to August 2023) included 16 individual interviews, five focus groups, one workshop, two informal discussions, and one site visit. Participants were stakeholders, CHWs, and members of the Gypsy/Traveller community. Additionally, 116 documents were analysed. The framework method, Proctor’s implementation outcomes and thematic analysis were used for data analysis.

Results
CHWs reached approximately 1,000 individuals across six National Health Services (NHS) Boards. The implementation outcomes showed that the intervention was accepted and feasible. A third-sector organization (Black and Minority Ethnic Carers of People Project - MECOPP), played a crucial role in successfully delivering the CHW service. This innovative intervention employed members of the Gypsy/Traveller community as lay healthcare workers to break down barriers to accessing healthcare and other services (e.g., uptake of cervical screening, vaccination, housing, and sanitation). The CHWs were trusted, ensured healthcare information was culturally appropriate and successfully addressed discriminatory behaviours in health and social care. Limited resources pose challenges to the sustainability of the service.

Conclusions
The Gypsy/Traveller CHW service enhanced prevention, acted as a bridge between communities and health systems and addressed the wider determinants of health. The Gypsy/Traveller community still faces discriminatory, racist, and stigmatising behaviours, which further impede the quality, delivery, and accessibility of care.

Key messages
• The Community Health Worker service was acceptable and feasible in the Gypsy/Traveller community, acting as a bridge between community and health systems and increasing access to services.
• Community Health Worker Service is an important strategy for delivering healthcare support through their sector organizations to address historical discrimination against minority ethnic groups.
Serbia multidisciplinary approach for surveillance and risk identification – The “One Health” information for action
Authors: Djuric P , Jovanovic V , Drakulovic M , Despot M , Malinic J , Beljin A , Protic J , Divljakovic A , Milosavljevic S , Mebonia N 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Issue/problem
To date, Serbia has not detected locally acquired Dengue cases. Since a competent Dengue virus vector Aedes albopictus (Ae. albopictus) has been detected since 2017, imported cases have the potential to trigger local transmission.

Description of the problem
To ensure preparedness and timely response in the event of an epidemic signal in Serbia, we described the imported Dengue cases and analysed the geographical distribution and density of the vector. Probable and confirmed imported cases meeting the 2018 EU case definition were reported via the National Notifiable System between January 2019 and December 2023. We monitored the density and geographical spread of mosquitos, including Ae. albopictus, which were collected during May-October 2022 and 2023. Mosquito genera were determined according to morphological criteria and DNA barcoding.

Results
During the investigation period, physicians reported three probable and four confirmed imported Dengue cases; the mean age was 28.4 (standard deviation (SD)=11.5) years and 57% were male. Cases had travelled in Southeast Asia (n = 6) and the Caribbean (n = 1). The mean time interval from symptom onset to seeking medical care was 3.6 (SD = 2.1) days and from symptom onset to laboratory confirmation 7.4 (SD = 6.3) days. We collected 1994 Ae. albopictus mosquitoes in 308 sampling sites across 12 Serbian regions. We observed the highest number of mosquitoes in September (38%, p &lt; 0.001) and in the Belgrade region (81%, p &lt; 0.001). In 2022, we detected Ae. albopictus mosquitos in seven regions and in 2023 in nine.

Lessons
Ae. albopictus mosquitoes were widely distributed in Serbia, with the highest presence during September and in the capital region. The importation of Dengue cases from affected countries underscores the need for enhanced integrated and “real-time” surveillance linked with vector control activities.
Climate Change Impacts on Respiratory Health: Bridging Inequalities in Children and Adults
Authors: Matkovic V 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Respiratory diseases rank as the third leading global cause of mortality, with climate change exacerbating their prevalence and severity. Wild fires, floods, extreme heat events, infectious diseases, urban air pollution and aeroallergen exposure contribute to respiratory health deterioration. Vulnerable populations, including individuals with pre-existing lung conditions and children, bear a disproportionate burden of these effects. We centrepiece the connection of climate change to respiratory health inequalities, while bridging the evidence gap regarding increasing extreme heat and cold events, ambient and indoor air pollution exposure with significant ramifications on respiratory health. Specifically, we will showcase research on the tailored, multidisciplinary NCD prevention package named FRESHAIR4Life, targeting air pollution exposure in mid- to late adolescents from disadvantaged populations. Given the high burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) and air pollution exposure as major contributors, urgent preventive interventions are required, particularly in disadvantaged populations. Initiating preventive interventions during adolescence is considered an optimal window of opportunity for long-term health benefits. Furthermore, we will present a robust evidence base delineating climate change’s impact on lung health among vulnerable European populations. We will discuss how narratives on climate-induced lung health issues are co-created with affected communities and stakeholders to facilitate policy translation. The aim of these presentations is to break silos among health professionals, fostering collaboration from the respiratory community to the public health community. Through lung health collaborations we seek to deepen understanding and catalyze action to address the intersection of climate change, respiratory health, and inequalities, ultimately working towards a healthier and more equitable health for all.
Diet quality trajectories from infancy to age 18 and their association with diet quality at age 26
Authors: Tarro S , Vahtera J , Pentti J , Pahkala K , Lagström H 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background and objectives
Dietary habits during childhood and adolescence show strong stability. However, no studies have investigated dietary trajectories from infancy to adulthood. We therefore aimed to 1) identify diet quality trajectories from age 1 to 18 years and 2) explore how trajectories are associated with diet quality at age 26 years.

Methods
The study included 620 individuals from the Special Turku Coronary Risk Factor Intervention Project (STRIP), started in infancy (n = 1062). Food and nutrient intake was assessed annually from age one to age 18, and again at age 26 using 4-day food records. A food-based diet score (range 0-33) was calculated to indicate diet quality. Group-based modelling was used to model trajectories of diet quality between the ages of 1 and 18 years. Linear regression analyses were used to investigate associations between the diet quality trajectory groups and diet quality at age 26 years.

Results
By the age of 18, we found five diet quality groups: 1) low (19% of participants) with a mean diet score of 12 points, 2) decreasing (25%) with a mean diet score of 15 points, 3) increasing (15%) with a mean diet score of 16 points, 4) intermediate (31%) with a mean diet score of 18 points, and 5) high (10%) with a mean diet score of 22 points. The diet quality trajectory groups were associated with 0.4 (decreasing), 2.5 (medium), 3.8 (increasing) and 4.1 (high) points higher diet scores at age 26 compared to the low diet quality trajectory group (p &lt; 0.001 for all).

Discussion
Five distinct dietary trajectories were found from infancy to late adolescence, with a clear difference between the groups with the lowest and highest diet quality. However, the differences in diet quality levelled out by the age of 26 years. Our results suggest that diet quality established already in childhood moderately predicts diet quality into adulthood.

Key messages
• Diet quality established in childhood moderately predicts diet quality in young adulthood.
• Five distinct dietary trajectories were found from infancy to late adolescence, with a clear difference between the groups with the lowest and highest diet quality.
Dietary Pattern Trajectories in French Adults Over Time (2014-2022): Role of Socioeconomic Factors
Authors: Toujgani H , Berlivet J , Berthy F , Allès B , Fouillet H , Touvier M , Lairon D , Mariotti F , Baudry J , Kesse-Guyot E 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

While dietary transitions towards more plant-based diets are urgently needed, few studies have investigated current diet trajectories, based on observed longitudinal data. This study investigated current dietary transitions of French adults over an 8 years period (2014-2022), while assessing the nutritional quality of the consumed foods and the role of diverse socio-economic factors. Consumption data from 17,187 NutriNet-Santé cohort participants weighted for the French Census were collected using a food frequency questionnaire in 2014, 2018, 2022. Adopting a gender-specific approach, consumption changes in 23 food groups were assessed over time. The nutritional quality was evaluated using the cDQI score, categorizing foods into ‘healthy’ and ‘unhealthy’. The socioeconomic analysis targeted four food groups (red meat, processed meat, legumes and wholegrain products), strongly linked to mortality risk and recognized as significant markers of the sustainable diet transition. All analyses were conducted using multi-adjusted mixed-effects models. Consumption of some healthy plant-based foods (nuts +59 %, legumes +22%, wholegrain products +7%) significantly increased over time; while consumption of some unhealthy foods (red meat -19%, refined cereals -18%, sweet drinks -15%) decreased. Conversely, consumption of prepared and mixed dishes (+16%), processed meat (+35%) and butter (+100%) increased. These changes differed in magnitude between sexes and translated into an improved food quality score (cDQI). Occupational status was linked to longitudinal changes in food consumption, showing increased intake of plant-based foods among students and higher socio-professional categories. Our findings provide accurate data on trends and factors for targeted initiatives, guiding strategic interventions for a sustainable dietary transition.

Key messages
• Plant-based food consumption increased while unhealthy food intake, both plant and animal-based, decreased; Gender differences were observed in baseline consumption and the extent of changes over time.
• Occupational status was linked to longitudinal changes in food consumption. Increased intake of plant-based foods was observed among students and higher socio-professional categories.
Development of rapid methods to monitor nutritional standards in sustainable healthy public catering
Authors: Barocco G , Croci E , Bucci F G , Forciniti G , Longo T , Steinbock D , Marsi A , Bogoni P , Calabretti A 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
The WHO and FAO in the Second International Conference on Nutrition stress the role of nutrition standards for public facilities catering services (CS) and in the Sustainable Healthy Diet guiding principles (SHD) underline synergies among foods, nutrients present in dietary patterns and their bioavailability, degree of food processing, and subsequent health impact. In Italy almost one in 10 people eat a meal in CS every day. In accordance with SHD, the Italian Ministry of Health (MH) in the national guidelines for CS indicate activating procedures for the conservation of nutritional qualities (NQ) of micronutrients and bioactive substances. The central purchasing body of the Region of Friuli Venezia Giulia have applied these criteria, introducing the process of critical control points of nutrient analysis (NACCP) in the Public Procurement for the school catering of 69 municipalities and for all 18 regional hospital with more than 3 million meals per year served. The aim of the project was to develop rapid and cheap methods for monitoring the NQ of meals by applying the NACCP process.

Methods
150 samples of pasta, milk and also vegetables, meat, fish with different degrees of processing, were taken from the CS and analysed both with chemical techniques and with optical rapid techniques (1300 analyses).

Results
The samples were subjected to conventional analyses to determine the oxidation state and the content of characterizing molecules such as polyphenols, histamine, and total compounds of Maillard. The same samples were then analyzed by color measurements. The results showed a good correlation between the two analytical systems, in particular the color measurements and the Maillard compounds and the color measurements and the oxidation state.

Conclusions
Project findings can be applied in the NACCP process to rapidly cost-effectively monitor the nutritional quality of CS meals, and adhere to WHO and FAO the SHD guiding principles and MH guidelines for CS.

Key messages
• The development of rapid methods of monitoring the nutritional standards of public catering can implement sustainable food systems thereby promoting the healthy diets recommended by the FAO and WHO.
• Rapid methods of monitoring nutritional standards represent an innovative component in improving the culture of food and nutritional security in public catering.