bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterization of the volatile profile of Chinese rice wine by comprehensive two‐dimensional gas chromatography coupled to quadrupole mass spectrometry
Authors: Yu Haiyan , Xie Tong , Qian Xinhua , Ai Lianzhong , Chen Chen , Tian Huaixiang 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDChinese rice wine (CRW) is a kind of traditional fermentation wine in China. Aged CRW is more popular among consumers owing to its harmonious and pleasant flavor. The volatile profile of CRW has been extensively studied using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). However, flavor components in CRW are far richer than those detected by GC/MS. To obtain more information about the volatile profile of fresh (5‐year) and aged (10‐year) CRW, a method based on comprehensive two‐dimensional gas chromatography coupled to quadrupole mass spectrometry (GC×GC/qMS) was developed. The major volatile compounds contributing to the characteristic aroma of fresh and aged CRW were identified by surrogate odor activity value (OAV).RESULTSNinety‐eight volatile compounds were detected in the 5‐year CRW samples and 107 in the 10‐year samples by GC×GC/qMS. The numbers of compounds detected by GC×GC/qMS for the 5‐year and 10‐year samples were 71.4 and 65.4% higher than those detected by GC/MS. The aged wine had a more complex volatile profile than the fresh wine, with an increase in esters and aldehydes and a decrease in alcohols and organic acids. There were 22 volatile compounds with surrogate OAV > 1. Nine were the potent key aroma compounds in CRW: ethyl isovalerate (OAV 500–33 500), ethyl butyrate (OAV 84–334), ethyl isobutyrate (OAV 49–170), 2‐nonenal (OAV 20–100), ethyl heptanoate (OAV 1–74), ethyl hexanoate (OAV 60–77), phenylethyl alcohol (OAV 2–18), benzaldehyde (OAV 28–30) and hexanal (OAV 4–11).CONCLUSIONGC×GC/qMS showed better separation than GC/MS. The presented GC×GC/qMS method was suitable for characterization of the volatile profile of CRW. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Managing for multiple species: greater sage‐grouse and sagebrush songbirds
Authors: Timmer Jennifer M. , Aldridge Cameron L. , Fernández‐Giménez María E. 
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACTHuman activity has altered 33–50% of Earth's surface, including temperate grasslands and sagebrush rangelands, resulting in a loss of biodiversity. By promoting habitat for sensitive or wide‐ranging species, less exigent species may be protected in an umbrella effect. The greater sage‐grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus; sage‐grouse) has been proposed as an umbrella for other sagebrush‐obligate species because it has an extensive range that overlaps with many other species, it is sensitive to anthropogenic activity, it requires resources over large landscapes, and its habitat needs are known. The efficacy of the umbrella concept, however, is often assumed and rarely tested. Therefore, we surveyed sage‐grouse pellet occurrence and sagebrush‐associated songbird abundance in northwest Colorado, USA, to determine the amount of habitat overlap between sage‐grouse and 4 songbirds (Brewer's sparrow [Spizella breweri], sage thrasher [Oreoscoptes montanus], sagebrush sparrow [Artemisiospiza nevadensis]), and green‐tailed towhee [Pipilo chlorurus]). During May and June 2013–2015, we conducted standard point count breeding surveys for songbirds and counted sage‐grouse pellets within 300 10‐m radius plots. We modeled songbird abundance and sage‐grouse pellet occurrence with multi‐scaled environmental features, such as sagebrush cover and bare ground. To evaluate sage‐grouse as an umbrella for sagebrush‐associated passerines, we determined the correlation between probability of sage‐grouse pellet occurrence and model‐predicted songbird densities per sampling plot. We then classified the sage‐grouse probability of occurrence as high (probability >0.5) and low (probability ≤0.5) and mapped model‐predicted surfaces for each species in our study area. We determined average songbird density in areas of high and low probability of sage‐grouse occurrence. Sagebrush cover at intermediate scales was an important predictor for all species, and ground cover was important for all species except sage thrashers. Areas with a higher probability of sage‐grouse occurrence also contained higher densities of Brewer's sparrows, green‐tailed towhees, and sage thrashers, but predicted sagebrush sparrow densities were lower in these areas. In northwest Colorado, sage‐grouse may be an effective umbrella for Brewer's sparrows, green‐tailed towhees, and sage thrashers, but sage‐grouse habitat does not appear to capture areas that support high sagebrush sparrow densities. A multi‐species focus may be the best management and conservation strategy for several species of concern, especially those with conflicting habitat requirements. © The Wildlife Society, 2019
Breeding site fidelity of blue‐winged teal in South Dakota
Authors: Toay Bruce W. , Meidinger Randell R. , Kemink Kaylan M. 
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACTAssumptions about breeding site fidelity (i.e., fidelity) in blue‐winged teal (Spatula discors) are based on limited recapture data and analytic techniques. We banded female blue‐winged teal (n = 12,543) from 2003 to 2014 in a 3,800‐ha sample area in north‐central South Dakota, USA, and used a Bayesian hierarchical modeling approach combining live recapture and dead recovery data to predict probabilities of fidelity, survival, recapture, and reporting. We explored sources of variation including time, annual wet area on the landscape, age, and nest survival, and compared our results to other dabbling ducks that nest in the Prairie Pothole Region, a critically important breeding area for waterfowl in central North America. We found annual estimates of fidelity ranging from 0.20 to 0.91, with mean values of 0.62 and 0.67 for hatch year birds and after hatch year birds, respectively. Our findings indicate that environmental factors may cause blue‐winged teal to return to breeding sites more frequently than previously assumed. © The Wildlife Society, 2019
Promotion of Cell Migration into a Hydrophobically modified Alaska Pollock Gelatin‐Based Hydrogel
Authors: Mizuno Yosuke , Taguchi Tetsushi 
Published: May 2019

AbstractIn situ chemically cross‐linkable hydrogels composed of hexyl group–modified Alaska pollock–derived gelatin (C6‐ApGltn) and poly(ethylene glycol)‐based four‐armed cross‐linker is developed. Water droplets are quickly absorbed into the C6‐ApGltn hydrogel in the first 10 s compared with original ApGltn (Org‐ApGltn), and the final contact angle on C6‐ApGltn is significantly lower than that on Org‐ApGltn. Using a fluorescent probe, an increase in fluorescence intensity on C6‐ApGltn compared to that on Org‐ApGltn is found, indicating the formation of a hydrophobic pocket. Moreover, the promotion of cell migration into the C6‐ApGltn hydrogel is observed in vitro and in vivo compared with Org‐ApGltn hydrogel, despite no significant difference in elastic modulus. Therefore, the C6‐ApGltn hydrogel could potentially be used as a supporting material for cell transplantation and tissue/organ engineering.
Retrospective correction of motion‐affected MR images using deep learning frameworks
Authors: Küstner Thomas , Armanious Karim , Yang Jiahuan , Yang Bin , Schick Fritz , Gatidis Sergios 
Published: May 2019

PurposeMotion is 1 extrinsic source for imaging artifacts in MRI that can strongly deteriorate image quality and, thus, impair diagnostic accuracy. In addition to involuntary physiological motion such as respiration and cardiac motion, intended and accidental patient movements can occur. Any impairment by motion artifacts can reduce the reliability and precision of the diagnosis and a motion‐free reacquisition can become time‐ and cost‐intensive. Numerous motion correction strategies have been proposed to reduce or prevent motion artifacts. These methods have in common that they need to be applied during the actual measurement procedure with a‐priori knowledge about the expected motion type and appearance. For retrospective motion correction and without the existence of any a‐priori knowledge, this problem is still challenging.MethodsWe propose the use of deep learning frameworks to perform retrospective motion correction in a reference‐free setting by learning from pairs of motion‐free and motion‐affected images. For this image‐to‐image translation problem, we propose and compare a variational auto encoder and generative adversarial network. Feasibility and influences of motion type and optimal architecture are investigated by blinded subjective image quality assessment and by quantitative image similarity metrics.ResultsWe observed that generative adversarial network‐based motion correction is feasible producing near‐realistic motion‐free images as confirmed by blinded subjective image quality assessment. Generative adversarial network‐based motion correction accordingly resulted in images with high evaluation metrics (normalized root mean squared error <0.08, structural similarity index >0.8, normalized mutual information >0.9).ConclusionDeep learning‐based retrospective restoration of motion artifacts is feasible resulting in near‐realistic motion‐free images. However, the image translation task can alter or hide anatomical features and, therefore, the clinical applicability of this technique has to be evaluated in future studies.
Full utilization of conjugate symmetry: combining virtual conjugate coil reconstruction with partial Fourier imaging for g‐factor reduction in accelerated MRI
Authors: Kettinger Adam O. , Setsompop Kawin , Kannengiesser Stephan A. R. , Breuer Felix A. , Vidnyanszky Zoltan , Blaimer Martin 
Published: May 2019

PurposeIn this study we propose a method to combine the parallel virtual conjugate coil (VCC) reconstruction with partial Fourier (PF) acquisition to improve reconstruction conditioning and reduce noise amplification in accelerated MRI where PF is used.MethodsAccelerated measurements are reconstructed in k‐space by GRAPPA, with a VCC reconstruction kernel trained and applied in the central, symmetrically sampled part of k‐space, while standard reconstruction is performed on the asymmetrically sampled periphery. The two reconstructed regions are merged to form a full reconstructed dataset, followed by PF reconstruction. The method is tested in vivo using T1‐weighted spin‐echo and T2*‐weighted gradient‐echo echo planar imaging (EPI) sequences, using both in‐plane and simultaneous multislice (SMS) acceleration, at 1.5T and 3T field strengths. Noise amplification is estimated with theoretical calculations and pseudo‐multiple‐replica computations, for different PF factors, using zero‐filling, homodyne, and projection onto convex sets (POCS) PF reconstruction.ResultsDepending on the PF algorithm and the inherent benefit of VCC reconstruction without PF, approximately 35% to 80%, 15% to 60%, and 5% to 30% of that intrinsic SNR gain can be retained for PF factors 7/8, 6/8, and 5/8, respectively, by including the VCC signals in the reconstruction. Compared with VCC‐reconstructed acquisitions of higher acceleration, without PF, but having the same net acceleration, the combined method can provide a higher SNR if the inherent benefit of VCC is low or moderate.ConclusionThe proposed technique enables the partial application of VCC reconstruction to measurements with PF using either in‐plane or SMS acceleration, and therefore can reduce the noise amplification of such acquisitions.
An accurate two‐stage explicit time integration scheme for structural dynamics and various dynamic problems
Authors: Kim Wooram 
Published: May 2019

SummaryIn this article, a two‐stage explicit time integration method is presented for the numerical analysis of various dynamic problems described by second‐order ordinary differential equations in time. The newly proposed method have negligible damping and period errors in the important low‐frequency range and can introduce moderate numerical damping into the spurious high‐frequency range. The computational effort per step required in the new method is the same as the effort needed in the existing two‐stage explicit methods. The proposed method can provide fourth‐order accurate solutions for velocity independent problems and second‐order accurate solutions for velocity dependent problems, which is not possible in the existing methods. The proposed new method is expected to be an excellent tool for numerical analyses of various dynamic problems including structural dynamics.
Health‐related quality of life in adolescents and young adults with cancer – Including a focus on economic evaluation
Authors: Barr Ronald D. , Feeny David A. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractHealth‐related quality of life (HRQL) is an amalgam of three elements – the opportunities that a person's health status affords, the constraints that it places upon the person and the value that a person places on his/her health status. HRQL measures are specific, for example for a disease, or generic with broad applicability. The latter include preference‐based measures that can be used to generate quality‐adjusted life years and so contribute to economic evaluation. Measures of HRQL in adolescents and young adults (AYAs) with cancer may fail to capture some important dimensions, for example sexual health. However, the use of HRQL measures in this population has identified burdens of morbidity according to disease, treatment status and duration of follow‐up. There are few economic evaluations of the treatment of cancer in AYAs but preliminary evidence suggests that this is a cost‐effective undertaking. Opportunities abound to include measurement of HRQL in routine clinical care.
A pilot randomized controlled trial to improve sleep and fatigue in children with central nervous system tumors hospitalized for high‐dose chemotherapy
Authors: Rogers Valerie E. , Zhu Shijun , Ancoli‐Israel Sonia , Liu Lianqi , Mandrell Belinda N. , Hinds Pamela S. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractObjectivesTo determine whether a sleep intervention compared with standard of care (SOC) was successful in preserving nighttime sleep in children with central nervous system cancers hospitalized for high‐dose chemotherapy (HDCT) and autologous stem cell rescue, and to explore associations between sleep and fatigue during treatment.MethodsAn unblinded, randomized, controlled, multicomponent intervention (NCT00666614) including evidence‐based cognitive and behavioral strategies to improve sleep was implemented in 33 children (age 4–12 years) and adolescents (age 13–19 years) during hospitalization. Children wore an actigraph to measure sleep and wake, and reported fatigue scores daily. Parents concurrently kept a sleep diary and reported fatigue scores for their children.ResultsThe mean age was 9.5 ± 3.9 years, 81.8% were white, and 60.6% were male. Sleep in all children was seriously disturbed throughout the study. Children in the intervention group maintained their longest nighttime sleep across the study, while it declined in children receiving SOC (P = 0.009 for interaction). There were few other differences in sleep between groups. Controlling for age and baseline fatigue, higher nighttime activity score, and lower percent sleep were significantly associated with higher next‐day adolescent‐reported fatigue (P < 0.05); longest sleep was significantly positively associated with next‐day child‐reported fatigue (P = 0.018).ConclusionIn this sample of children undergoing HDCT, a multicomponent sleep intervention modestly preserved nighttime sleep duration, although overall sleep was poor in both groups. Sleep is an integral component of health, and may influence outcomes of children receiving HDCT. Further investigation into methods of preserving sleep in children undergoing intensive cancer therapy is warranted.
Theranostic Iron@Gold Core–Shell Nanoparticles for Simultaneous Hyperthermia‐Chemotherapy upon Photo‐Stimulation
Authors: Li Yunqian , Dhawan Udesh , Wang Huey‐Yuan , Liu Xinrui , Ku Huan‐Hsuan , Tsai Meng‐Tsan , Yen Hung‐Wei , Chung Ren‐Jei 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe challenges of nanoparticles, such as size‐dependent toxicity, nonbiocompatibility, or inability to undergo functionalization for drug conjugation, limit their biomedical application in more than one domain. Oval‐shaped iron@gold core–shell (oFe@Au) magnetic nanoparticles are engineered and their applications in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), optical coherence tomography (OCT), and controlled drug release, are explored via photo stimulation‐generated hyperthermia. The oFe@Au nanoparticles have a size of 42.57 ± 5.99 nm and consist of 10.76 and 89.24 atomic % of Fe and Au, respectively. Upon photo‐stimulation for 10 and 15 minutes, the levels of cancer cell death induced by methotrexate‐conjugated oFe@Au nanoparticles are sixfold and fourfold higher, respectively, than oFe@Au nanoparticles alone. MRI and OCT confirm the application of these nanoparticles as a contrast agent. Finally, results of in vivo experiments reveal that the temperature is elevated by 13.2 °C, when oFe@Au nanoparticles are irradiated with a 167 mW cm−2 808 nm laser, which results in a significant reduction in tumor volume and scab formation after 7 days, followed by complete disappearance after 14 days. The ability of these nanoparticles to generate heat upon photo‐stimulation also opens new doors for studying hyperthermia‐mediated controlled drug release for cancer therapy. Applications include biomedical engineering, cancer therapy, and theranostics fields.
Functionalized Biomimetic Magnetic Nanoparticles as Effective Nanocarriers for Targeted Chemotherapy
Authors: Peigneux Ana , Oltolina Francesca , Colangelo Donato , Iglesias Guillermo R. , Delgado Angel V. , Prat Maria , Jimenez‐Lopez Concepcion 
Published: May 2019

AbstractNovel MamC‐mediated biomimetic magnetic nanoparticles (BMNPs) are proposed as valuable carriers for targeted chemotherapy because of the size (36 ± 12 nm) and of surface properties conferred by MamC coating. They are super‐paramagnetic at room and body temperatures, have a large magnetic moment per particle, mediate hyperthermia, are cytocompatible, and, having a negative surface charge at physiological pH, can be efficiently coupled with DOXOrubicin (DOXO) and a monoclonal antibody (mAb) directed against the human Met/hepatocyte growth factor receptor (overexpressed in many cancers) displaying coupling stability, while releasing DOXO at acidic pH. This release can be enhanced by hyperthermia. The DOXO‐mAb‐BMNPs selectively recognize Met, bind efficiently to Met+ tumor cells, and discharge DOXO within their nuclei more efficiently than DOXO‐BMNPs, exerting cytotoxicity. These data represent proof of concept for future in vivo experiments in which the controlled dual targeting (mAb‐mediated and magnetic) approach and combined (chemotherapy and hyperthermia) therapy will be studied.
Thermal Cycling and Ratchet Growth of TATB and PBX 9502
Authors: Thompson Darla Graff , Woznick Caitlin , DeLuca Racci 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe irreversible volume expansion, or ratchet growth, of TATB and PBX 9502 (95 weight% TATB) compactions has been quantified over a wide range of thermal cycles. While the precise TATB texture distributions of these specimen sets are likely different from each other, we believe they are consistent within each set, as the expansion data show reproducibility and consistency. These data provide a baseline characterization of the ratchet growth phenomenon in these materials. The increased expansion that comes with changes in the temperature range of the cycles is quantified, repeated hot cycles growing far more than cold. For thermal cycles above ambient where the temperature range is increased in subsequent cycles, the growth of a given cycle is shown to be dictated by previously‐established growth trajectories, and the specimen will grow according to the growth potential associated with the temperature range of the present cycle. Alternating hot‐cold cycles greatly enhances the cold‐cycle contributions as compared to the growth of cold cycles alone. These “rules” of ratchet growth are first established, then observed to hold true for more complex sequences of hot and cold cycles. A simple equation is used to parameterize the response of individual data sets.
Neurotoxicity and mode of action of fluralaner on honeybee Apis mellifera L.
Authors: Sheng Cheng‐Wang , Huang Qiu‐Tang , Liu Gen‐Yan , Ren Xue‐Xiang , Jiang Jie , Jia Zhong‐Qiang , Han Zhao‐Jun , Zhao Chun‐Qing 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDFluralaner, a novel pesticide that targets the γ‐aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor (GABAR) subunit of resistant to dieldrin (RDL), exhibits strong potential to be an insecticide to control agricultural insect pests. However, the risk and action of fluralaner to economic insects, e.g., honeybee Apis mellifera Linnaeus, remains unclear.RESULTSIn this study, both oral and contact toxicity of fluralaner to honeybee were found to be 0.13 μg adult–1. Abamectin, dieldrin, ethiprole, α‐endosulfan, fipronil and fluralaner strongly inhibited the GABA‐induced current in A. mellifera RDL (AmRDL), expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes, with median inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of 7.99, 868.1, 27.10, 412.0, 11.21 and 13.59 nM, respectively. The binding free energy and electrophysiological response of AmRDL and insecticides were opposite. The correlation values between toxicity (to A. mellifera) and binding free energy/electrophysiological inhibition (to AmRDL) were at a moderate level.CONCLUSIONIn conclusion, we report for the first time the notable risk of fluralaner to honeybee in vivo and compared the actions of GABAR‐targeted insecticides on the AmRDL receptor. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Highly Selective Synthesis of Polyalkylated Naphthalenes Catalyzed by Ionic Liquids and Their Tribological Properties as Lubricant Base Oil
Authors: Li Lei , Zhao Xinrui , Chen Chen , Xu Hong , Liu Lei , Dong Jinxiang 
Published: May 2019

AbstractNaphthalene, one of the most important components in coal tar, is now in serious surplus. The Ionic Liquids (ILs) of Et3NHCl‐AlCl3 were used as Lewis acidic catalysts for an alkylation reaction of naphthalene with medium‐chain alfa‐olefin (n‐hexene/n‐octene) to produce a lubricating base oil. Polyalkylated naphthalenes consisting of tri‐ and tetra‐alkylnaphthalenes can be obtained with a selectivity as high as 98% under mild conditions. We propose a plausible mechanism for the alkylation process catalyzed by Lewis acidic AlCl3 derived from the dissociation of [Al2Cl7]− anion in ILs. The physicochemical properties and tribological performances of synthesized polyalkylated naphthalenes, and especially poly‐octylnaphthalenes, are found to exhibit the properties of lubricating base oils, and are comparable to those of the conventional cycloalkyl base oil.