bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mitral Regurgitation and Prognosis After Non‐ST‐Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction in Very Old Patients
Authors: Díez‐Villanueva Pablo , Vera Alberto , Ariza‐Solé Albert , Alegre Oriol , Formiga Francesc , López‐Palop Ramon , Marín Francisco , Vidán María T. , Martínez‐Sellés Manuel , Salamanca Jorge , Sionis Alessandro , García‐Pardo Héctor , Bueno Héctor , Sanchís Juan , Abu‐Assi Emad , González‐Salvado Violeta , Llaó Isaac , Alfonso Fernando ,   On behalf of the LONGEVO‐SCA Registry Investigators
Published: May 2019

Background/ObjetctivesMitral regurgitation (MR)after an acute coronary syndrome is associated with a poor prognosis. However,the prognostic impact of MR in elderly patients with non‐ST‐segment elevation myocardialinfarction (NSTEMI) has not been well addressed.DesignProspective registry.Setting and participantsThe multicenter LONGEVO‐SCA prospective registry included 532 unselected NSTEMI patients aged ≥80 years.MeasurementsMR was quantified using echocardiography during admission in 497 patients. They were classified in two groups: significant (moderate or severe) or not significant MR (absent or mild). We evaluated the impact of MR status on mortality or readmission at 6 months.ResultsMean age was 84.3±4.1 years, and 308 (61.9%) were males. A total of 108 patients (21.7%) had significant MR. Compared with those without significant MR, they were older and showed worse baseline clinical status, with higher frailty, disability, and risk of malnutrition. They also had lower systolic blood pressure, higher heart rate, worse Killip class, lower left ventricular ejection fraction, and higher pulmonary pressure on admission, as well as more often new onset atrial fibrillation (all p values = 0.001). Patients with significant MR also had higher in‐hospital mortality (4.6% vs. 1.3%, p = 0.04), longer hospital stay (median 8 [5‐12] vs. 6 [4‐10] days, p = 0.002), and higher mortality/readmission at 6 months (hazard ratio 1.54, 95% confidence interval 1.09‐2.18, p = 0.015). However, after adjusting for potential confounders, this last association was not significant.ConclusionsSignificant MR is seen in one fifth of octogenarians with NSTEMI. Patients with significant MR have a poor prognosis, mainly determined by their baseline clinical characteristics. J Am Geriatr Soc 67:1641–1648, 2019
Molecular changes in peripheral blood involving osteoarthritic joint remodelling
Authors: Zhang Hong‐Yun , Liu Qian , Liu Jin‐Qiang , Wang Jing , Yang Hong‐Xu , Xu Xiao‐Jie , Xie Mian‐Jiao , Liu Xiao‐Dong , Yu Shi‐Bin , Zhang Mian , Lu Lei , Zhang Jing , Wang Mei‐Qing 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBiomarkers of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) osteoarthritis (OA) remain unknown. The objective was to detect whether molecular biomarkers from peripheral blood leucocytes (PBLs) engage in TMJ OA lesions. Thirty‐four six‐week‐old Sprague Dawley rats were used. The top upregulated gene ontology categories and gene‐fold changes in PBLs were detected by a microarray analysis comparing rats that received 20‐week unilateral anterior crossbite (UAC) treatment with age‐matched controls (n = 4). Twenty weeks of UAC treatment had been reported to induce TMJ OA‐like lesions. The other twenty‐four rats were randomly placed in the UAC and control groups at 12‐ and 20‐week time points (n = 6). The mRNA expression levels of the selected biomarkers derived from the microarray analysis and their protein expression in the alveolar bone and TMJ were detected. The microarray analysis indicated that the three most highly involved genes in PBLs were Egr1, Ephx1 and Il10, which were confirmed by real‐time PCR detection. The increased protein expression levels of the three detected molecules were demonstrated in cartilage and subchondral bone (P < 0.05), and increased levels of EPHX1 were reported in discs (P < 0.05); however, increased levels were not present in the alveolar bone. Immunohistochemistry revealed the increased distribution of EGR1‐positive, EXPH1‐positive and IL10‐positive cells predominantly in the osteochondral interface, with EXPH1 also present in TMJ discs. In conclusion, the increased mRNA expression of Egr1, Ephx1 and Il10 in PBLs may serve as potential biomarkers for developed osteoarthritic lesions relating to osteochondral interface hardness changes induced by dental biomechanical stimulation.
Patients' perceived treatment need owing to temporomandibular disorders and perceptions of related treatment in dentistry—A mixed‐method study
Authors: Fjellman‐Wiklund Anncristine , Näsström Anna , Wänman Anders , Lövgren Anna 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBackgroundTo easily identify patients who could benefit from a temporomandibular disorder (TMD) examination, three screening questions (3Q/TMD) have been introduced in large parts of Sweden. The questions are related to a TMD diagnosis. However, how the questions relate to a treatment need is unknown.ObjectivesThe first aim of the study was to identify predicting factors for perceived treatment need among adult individuals who screened positive to the 3Q/TMD. The second aim was to explore individuals' thoughts and experiences related to treatment of their TMD complaint.MethodsThis mixed‐method study with a case‐control design was conducted in Västerbotten, Sweden, during 2014. Individuals who screened positive to at least one of the 3Q/TMD questions were allocated 3Q‐positives, whereas those with negative answers to all questions were allocated 3Q‐negatives. In total, 300 individuals (140 randomly selected 3Q‐positives, and 160 age‐ and gender‐matched 3Q‐negatives) were included. All individuals answered questions related to treatment need. The answers were analysed in a qualitative approach with qualitative content analysis.ResultsIn total, 81% of 3Q‐positives expressed a treatment need related to their TMD symptoms. The perceived treatment need was predicted by frequent pain (Q1) and frequent functional disturbances (Q3). Among the 3Q‐positives, 54% reported mistrust in dentists' ability to treat TMD symptoms. The informants expressed a need for information about their symptoms and possible treatment options.ConclusionAffirmative answers to 3Q/TMD were associated with TMD treatment need. Dentists should give advice to patients with TMD symptoms and address their concerns.
The experiences and meanings of recovery for Swazi women living with “schizophrenia”
Authors: Nxumalo Ngubane Siphiwe , McAndrew Sue , Collier Elizabeth 
Published: May 2019

Accessible summaryWhat is known on the subject?While there is no single definition of the concept of recovery for people with mental illness, hope has been recognized as a guiding principle; the belief that it is possible for a person to regain a meaningful life, despite serious mental illness.Little is known about the recovery process of women diagnosed with schizophrenia per se, with only six studies offering the woman’s voice identified and these all having taken place in developed countries.No studies on this topic have been carried out in Sub‐Saharan Africa, including Swaziland.What this paper adds to existing knowledge?This study provides unique insight into what is important to Swazi women, diagnosed with schizophrenia, in their process of their recovery.Because of current trends in migration, the findings of this study may provide mental health professionals with a better understand of the needs of those from this particular Sub‐Saharan country.The study discusses a range of issues affecting women including being labelled as mentally ill, stigma and discrimination, the importance of the sociocultural context of illness and positive attributes which promote women’s recovery.What are the implications for practice?This study provides mental health practitioners with insights and understanding of the lives of women from a Sub‐Saharan developing country. This will be helpful for better understanding of the context of mental illness both for practitioners supporting the development of services in such countries and for those working in Western countries with migrant populations.AbstractIntroductionGlobally, twenty‐four million people live with schizophrenia, 90% living in developing countries. While most Western cultures recognize service user expertise within the recovery process, this is not evident in developing countries. In particular, Swazi women diagnosed with schizophrenia experience stigma from family, community and care providers, thus compromising their recovery process.AimThis study aimed to explore the experiences and meanings of recovery for Swazi women living with schizophrenia.MethodologyInterpretive phenomenological analysis was used. Fifteen women were recruited from Swaziland National Psychiatric Hospital out‐patients’ department, and face‐to‐face interviews were conducted.FindingsFour super‐ordinate themes were identified: (a) The emotionality of “illness of the brain”; (b) Pain! Living with the illness and with others; (c) She is mad just ignore her; and (d) Being better.DiscussionDiscussion focuses on the findings of this study and a number of positive and negative implications emanating from them: labelling, stigma and the roles of family, culture and religious beliefs on the process of recovery.Implications for practiceThis study provides practitioners with insight into the importance of the sociocultural context of the lives of women diagnosed with schizophrenia and how, in understanding this, mental health care could be improved.
The effect of atorvastatin on haemostatic parameters in apparently healthy dogs
Authors: Bonaparte A. , Tansey C. , Wiebe M. , Espinoza H. E. , Patlogar J. E. , Murphy L. A. , Nakamura R. K. 
Published: May 2019

ObjectiveTo determine the effect of atorvastatin on haemostatic parameters as measured by prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time and thromboelastography in apparently healthy dogs administered 2 mg/kg orally once daily for 1 week.Materials and MethodsProspective study of 20 apparently healthy client‐owned dogs at a small animal specialty hospital. Dogs had a baseline complete blood count, serum chemistry profile, fibrinogen, platelet count, prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time and thromboelastography performed. Each dog was then administered approximately 2 mg/kg of atorvastatin orally once daily for 1 week, and the laboratory tests were repeated. Adverse effects attributed to atorvastatin were recorded.ResultsAll 20 enrolled dogs completed the study. Dogs received a median dose of 2.06 mg/kg (range 1.94 to 2.44 mg/kg) atorvastatin once daily, which was associated with a significant increase in pulse rate, mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration, albumin and a significant decrease in mean corpuscular volume, cholesterol and lipase values compared with baseline. On thromboelastography, there was a significant increase in maximum amplitude, G, coagulation index, amplitude at 30 minutes, amplitude at 60 minutes and significant decrease in percentage of clot lysed at 30 minutes and percentage of clot lysed at 60 minutes values compared with baseline. Six dogs had a noticeable increase in appetite.Clinical SignificanceThe results of this study suggest that atorvastatin may produce a procoagulant effect in dogs, although the clinical significance is unclear. Polyphagia was the most commonly reported adverse effect.
The Study of Heritage Language Development From a Bilingualism and Social Justice Perspective
Authors: Ortega Lourdes 
Published: May 2019

AbstractUsing the lenses of bilingualism and social justice, I reflect on relevant conceptual and methodological issues encountered in the study of the linguistic development of heritage language speakers. Themes examined include the early but varying timing of heritage language learning; the surrounding linguistic environment, including the link between parental input and linguistic outcomes and heritage language speakers’ bilingualism, multilingualism, and multilectalism; the framing of literacy in the minority language; and the unique and language‐shaping experience of minoritization, often an outcome of immigration. I argue that bilingualism is gradient and that better measurement of relevant variables—particularly those related to timing, input/exposure, and literacy—can invigorate the study of heritage language development and make new and more robust insights possible. I propose that heritage speakers and their languages must be understood as connected to minoritized communities and to the experience of inequitable multilingualism.
Stem cells  from exfoliated  deciduous  teeth alleviate hyposalivation caused by Sjögren syndrome
Authors: Du Zhi‐Hao , Ding Chong , Zhang Qian , Zhang Yan , Ge Xi‐Yuan , Li Sheng‐Lin , Yu Guang‐Yan 
Published: May 2019

AbstractObjectivesTo evaluate the effect of stem cells  from  exfoliated  deciduous  teeth on the hyposalivation caused by Sjögren syndrome (SS) and investigate the mechanism.MethodsStem cells were injected into the tail veins of non‐obese diabetic mice, the animal model of SS. The saliva flow was measured after pilocarpine intraperitoneal injection. Apoptosis and autophagy were evaluated by TUNEL and Western blot. Lymphocyte proportions were detected by flow cytometer.ResultsFluid secretion was decreased in 21‐week‐old mice. Stem cell treatment increased fluid secretion, alleviated inflammation in the submandibular glands and reduced inflammatory cytokine levels in the serum, submandibular glands and saliva. Stem cells decreased the apoptotic cell number and the expressions of ATG5 and Beclin‐1 in the submandibular glands. Stem cells have no effect on other organs. Furthermore, the infused stem cells migrated to the spleen and liver, not the submandibular gland. Stem cells directed T cells towards Treg cells and suppressed Th1 and Tfh cells in spleen lymphocytes.ConclusionStem cells  from  exfoliated  deciduous  teeth alleviate the hyposalivation caused by SS via decreasing the inflammatory cytokines, regulating the inflammatory microenvironment and decreasing the apoptosis and autophagy. The stem cells regulated in T‐cell differentiation are involved in the immunomodulatory effects.
Reproducibility of acute pulmonary vein isolation guided by the ablation index
Authors: Solimene Francesco , Lepillier Antoine , De Ruvo Ermenegildo , Scaglione Marco , Anselmino Matteo , Sebag Frederic A. , Pecora Domenico , Gallagher Mark M. , Rillo Mariano , Viola Graziana , Rossi Luca , De Santis Valerio , Landolina Maurizio , Castro Antonello , Grimaldi Massimo , Badenco Nicolas , Del Greco Maurizio , De Simone Antonio , Bertaglia Emanuele , Stabile Giuseppe 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBackgroundAtrial fibrillation (AF) ablation outcome is still operator dependent. Ablation Index (AI) is a new lesion quality marker that has been demonstrated to allow acute durable pulmonary vein (PV) isolation followed by a high single‐procedure arrhythmia‐free survival.This prospective, multicenter study was designed to evaluate the reproducibility of acute PV isolation guided by the AI.MethodsA total of 490 consecutive patients with paroxysmal (80.4%) and persistent AF underwent first time PV encircling and were divided in four study groups according to operator preference in choosing the ablation catheter (a contact force [ST] or contact force surround flow [STSF] catheter) and the AI setting (330 at posterior and 450 at anterior wall or 380 at posterior and 500 at anterior wall). Radiofrequency was delivered targeting interlesion distance ≤6 mm.ResultsThe rate of first‐pass PV isolation (ST330 90 ± 16%, ST380 87 ± 19%, STSF330 90 ± 17%, STSF380 91 ± 15%, P = .585) was similar among the four study groups, whereas procedure (ST330 129 ± 44 minutes, ST380 144 ± 44 minutes, STSF330 120 ± 72 minutes, STSF380 125 ± 73 minutes, P < .001) and fluoroscopy time (ST330 542 ± 285 seconds, ST380 540 ± 416 seconds, STSF330 257 ± 356 seconds, STSF380 379 ± 454 seconds, P < 0.001) significantly differed. The difference in the rate of first‐pass isolation was not statistical different (P = .06) among the 12 operators that performed at least 15 procedures.ConclusionsAn ablation protocol respecting strict criteria for contiguity and quality lesion results in high and comparable rate of acute PV isolation among operator performing ablation with different catheters, AI settings, procedure, and fluoroscopy times.
Acute outcome after a single cryoballoon ablation: Comparison between Arctic Front Advance and Arctic Front Advance PRO
Authors: Moltrasio Massimo , Sicuso Rita , Fassini Gaetano M. , Riva Stefania I. , Tundo Fabrizio , Dello Russo Antonio , Casella Michela , Majocchi Benedetta , Zucchetti Martina , Cellucci Selene , Tondo Claudio 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe novel fourth‐generation cryoballoon (CB4) potentially allows for enhanced catheter maneuverability and more frequent capture of pulmonary vein (PV) potentials which can be used to monitor real‐time PV isolation (PVI). The aim of our study is to compare the acute procedural endpoints between the CB4 and second‐generation cryoballoon (CB2).MethodsA single‐center retrospective chart review was used to examine 50 consecutive patients with drug‐refractory atrial fibrillation undergoing CB4‐based PVI. Procedural data and acute success of these patients were compared to 50 propensity‐matched controls who underwent cryoballoon ablation procedure using CB2.ResultsProcedures performed with the CB4 showed significant shorter fluoroscopy time (14.8 ± 5.5 vs 18.0 ± 6.5 minutes, P = .04), shorter procedure time (58.3 ± 15.7 vs 65.3 ± 21 minutes, P = .13), and shorter total ablation time (10.8 ± 1.5 vs 13.8 ± 1.9 minutes, P = .42). The real‐time PVI visualization rate was 33.3% in the CB2 group and 74.7% in the CB4 group (P < .001). CB4 was correlated to significant increase of acute real‐time recordings with regard to all the single PV (left superior PV: 58% vs 84%, P = .02; left inferior PV: 26% vs 71%, P = .001; right superior PV 29% vs 61%, P = .01; and right inferior PV 19% vs 58%, P = .002).ConclusionThe CB4 was more often able to capture real‐time recordings of PV potentials and the subsequent acute PV isolation.
Carbon assimilation in crops at high temperatures
Authors: Slattery Rebecca A. , Ort Donald R. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractGlobal temperatures are rising, and higher rates of temperature increase are projected over land areas that encompass the globe's major agricultural regions. In addition to increased growing season temperatures, heat waves are predicted to become more common and severe. High temperatures can inhibit photosynthetic carbon gain of crop plants and thus threaten productivity, the effects of which may interact with other aspects of climate change. Here, we review the current literature assessing temperature effects on photosynthesis in key crops with special attention to field studies using crop canopy heating technology and in combination with other climate variables. We also discuss the biochemical reactions related to carbon fixation that may limit crop photosynthesis under warming temperatures and the current strategies for adaptation. Important progress has been made on several adaptation strategies demonstrating proof‐of‐concept for translating improved photosynthesis into higher yields. These are now poised to test in important food crops.
Modulation of K+translocation by AKT1 and AtHAK5 in Arabidopsis plants
Authors: Nieves‐Cordones Manuel , Lara Alberto , Ródenas Reyes , Amo Jesús , Rivero Rosa María , Martínez Vicente , Rubio Francisco 
Published: May 2019

AbstractRoot cells take up K+from the soil solution, and a fraction of the absorbed K+is translocated to the shoot after being loaded into xylem vessels. K+uptake and translocation are spatially separated processes. K+uptake occurs in the cortex and epidermis whereas K+translocation starts at the stele. Both uptake and translocation processes are expected to be linked, but the connection between them is not well characterized. Here, we studied K+uptake and translocation using Rb+as a tracer in wild‐typeArabidopsis thalianaand in T‐DNA insertion mutants in the K+uptake or translocation systems. The relative amount of translocated Rb+to the shoot was positively correlated with net Rb+uptake rates, and theakt1 athak5T‐DNA mutant plants were more efficient in their allocation of Rb+to shoots. Moreover, a mutation ofSKORand a reduced plant transpiration prevented the full upregulation ofAtHAK5gene expression and Rb+uptake in K+‐starved plants. Lastly, Rb+was found to be retrieved from root xylem vessels, with AKT1 playing a significant role in K+‐sufficient plants. Overall, our results suggest that K+uptake and translocation are tightly coordinated via signals that regulate the expression of K+transport systems.
The “one‐point method” for estimating maximum carboxylation capacity of photosynthesis: A cautionary tale
Authors: Burnett Angela C. , Davidson Kenneth J. , Serbin Shawn P. , Rogers Alistair 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe maximum carboxylation capacity of Rubisco, Vc,max, is an important photosynthetic parameter that is key to accurate estimation of carbon assimilation. The gold‐standard technique for determining Vc,max is to derive Vc,max from the initial slope of an A–Ci curve (the response of photosynthesis, A, to intercellular CO2 concentration, Ci). Accurate estimates of Vc,max derived from an alternative and rapid “one‐point” measurement of photosynthesis could greatly accelerate data collection and model parameterization. We evaluated the practical application of the one‐point method in six species measured under standard conditions (saturating irradiance and 400 μmol CO2 mol−1) and under conditions that would increase the likelihood for successful estimation of Vc,max: (a) ensuring Rubisco‐limited A by measuring at 300 μmol CO2 mol−1 and (b) allowing time for acclimation to saturating irradiance prior to measurement. The one‐point method significantly underestimated Vc,max in four of the six species, providing estimates 21%–32% below fitted values. We identified ribulose‐1,5‐bisphosphate‐limited A, light acclimation, and the use of an assumed respiration rate as factors that limited the effective use of the one‐point method to accurately estimate Vc,max. We conclude that the one‐point method requires a species‐specific understanding of its application, is often unsuccessful, and must be used with caution.
Relationship between parenting stress and children's behavioral characteristics in Japan
Authors: Tokunaga Akiko , Iwanaga Ryoichiro , Yamanishi Yoko , Higashionna Takuya , Tanaka Koji , Nakane Hideyuki , Tanaka Goro 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe evaluation of a child tends to differ between the mother and father regardless of whether the child has a disability or not, although parents have key information about the behavioral characteristics of the child. The number of reports in Japan, however, is limited. We, therefore, investigated the relationship between the parenting stress experienced by parents of non‐clinical preschool children and the children's behavioral characteristics.MethodThe subjects were 83 pairs of mothers and fathers with non‐clinical children in kindergarten and nursery school (average age, 59.1 ± 13.0 months; 36 boys, 47 girls). The study was conducted using the Parenting Stress Index–Short Form (PSI‐SF) and the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ).ResultsThere was no difference in the PSI‐SF scores between mothers and fathers, but hyperactivity/inattention, peer relationship problems, and the total score of the SDQ were significantly higher in fathers. On multiple regression analysis, parenting stress experienced by fathers was significantly related to hyperactivity/inattention, while parenting stress experienced by mothers was significantly related to peer relationship problems and emotional symptoms.ConclusionChildren's behavioral characteristics related to parenting stress differ between mothers and fathers.