bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The testicular soma of Tsc22d3 knockout mice supports spermatogenesis and germline transmission from spermatogonial stem cell lines upon transplantation
Authors: Zhou Hai , Zeng Zhen , Koentgen Frank , Khan Mona , Mombaerts Peter 
Published: April 2019

AbstractSpermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) are adult stem cells that are slowly cycling and self‐renewing. The pool of SSCs generates very large numbers of male gametes throughout the life of the individual. SSCs can be cultured in vitro for long periods of time, and established SSC lines can be manipulated genetically. Upon transplantation into the testes of infertile mice, long‐term cultured mouse SSCs can differentiate into fertile spermatozoa, which can give rise to live offspring. Here, we show that the testicular soma of mice with a conditional knockout (conKO) in the X‐linked gene Tsc22d3 supports spermatogenesis and germline transmission from cultured mouse SSCs upon transplantation. Infertile males were produced by crossing homozygous Tsc22d3 floxed females with homozygous ROSA26‐Cre males. We obtained 96 live offspring from six long‐term cultured SSC lines with the aid of intracytoplasmic sperm injection. We advocate the further optimization of Tsc22d3‐conKO males as recipients for testis transplantation of SSC lines.
Long‐term outcome of inpatients with bulimia nervosa—Results from the Christina Barz Study
Authors: Quadflieg Norbert , Fichter Manfred M. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the long‐term outcome and identify outcome predictors in a very large sample of inpatients treated for bulimia nervosa (BN).MethodOut of a total of 2,033 patients admitted consecutively to specialized treatment, 1,351 patients (mean age at treatment 25.94) were assessed for follow‐up on average 11 (SD 6) years after admission. Also a very long‐term (21 years) subsample (N = 147; mean age 25.92) was defined. Bivariate and logistic regression analyses identified predictors of poor outcome.ResultsFor more than 70% of the patients follow‐up information could be gathered. Severity of eating disorder (ED) and other symptoms decreased over time but remained higher than in healthy controls, using published normative data. Remission rate was 38% after 11 years and 42% in the subsample after 21 years. Out of the total sample of N = 2,033 patients, 49 had died (2.4%). Persistent BN was found in 14.2% and the most frequent crossover was to ED not otherwise specified. Predictors of poor outcome were fewer follow‐up years, higher drive for thinness, higher age at treatment, and less global functioning.DiscussionBased on clinical indicators, patients presented with a high level of ED and psychiatric symptomatology. With less than half of the patients remitted after 22 years, efforts are needed to improve treatment outcome.
Habitat use of the ocelot (Leopardus pardalis) in Brazilian Amazon
Authors: Wang Bingxin , Rocha Daniel G. , Abrahams Mark I. , Antunes André P. , Costa Hugo C. M. , Gonçalves André Luis Sousa , Spironello Wilson Roberto , de Paula Milton José , Peres Carlos A. , Pezzuti Juarez , Ramalho Emiliano , Reis Marcelo Lima , Carvalho Jr Elildo , Rohe Fabio , Macdonald David W. , Tan Cedric Kai Wei 
Published: April 2019

AbstractAmazonia forest plays a major role in providing ecosystem services for human and sanctuaries for wildlife. However, ongoing deforestation and habitat fragmentation in the Brazilian Amazon has threatened both. The ocelot is an ecologically important mesopredator and a potential conservation ambassador species, yet there are no previous studies on its habitat preference and spatial patterns in this biome. From 2010 to 2017, twelve sites were surveyed, totaling 899 camera trap stations, the largest known dataset for this species. Using occupancy modeling incorporating spatial autocorrelation, we assessed habitat use for ocelot populations across the Brazilian Amazon. Our results revealed a positive sigmoidal correlation between remote‐sensing derived metrics of forest cover, disjunct core area density, elevation, distance to roads, distance to settlements and habitat use, and that habitat use by ocelots was negatively associated with slope and distance to river/lake. These findings shed light on the regional scale habitat use of ocelots and indicate important species–habitat relationships, thus providing valuable information for conservation management and land‐use planning.
Life‐history differences across latitude in common side‐blotched lizards (Uta stansburiana)
Authors: Smith Geoffrey D. , Zani Peter A. , French Susannah S. 
Published: April 2019

Abstract

Life‐history strategies are known to shift with latitude in many species. While life‐history variation related to body size, reproductive investment, and behavior has been studied for years, another crucial life‐history component is the immune system, which can influence an animal's survival.

We measured selected life‐history traits in side‐blotched lizards in southern Utah and Oregon in the field for two consecutive years and conducted a common‐garden experiment in the laboratory to determine how organisms from different latitudes optimize either immunity or reproduction. We observed lizards from southern populations, which are known to be shorter‐lived, had lower immune function during reproduction when compared to northern lizards in 2012, but the relationship reversed in the following year.

Our laboratory study revealed that southern lizards healed cutaneous wounds faster and had higher microbiocidal ability when compared to their northern counterparts, but lost mass doing so. The northern lizards ate more than the southern ones and maintained their body mass. It is possible that northern lizards are better adapted to taking advantage of available food resources. Alternatively, southern lizards may have exhibited sickness behavior in response to an immune challenge or reacted more strongly to the stress of captivity.

We found differences in life‐history strategies used by animals from different latitudes, and that these changes can shift within a population depending on the weather conditions of the year. Furthermore, when taken from the field and placed into a common‐garden environment, some of these differences in strategy appear to be intrinsic to the animals (i.e., whether they came from southern or northern populations).
Hypergammaglobulinemia sustains the development of regulatory responses during chronic Leishmania donovani infection in mice
Authors: Silva‐Barrios Sasha , Stäger Simona 
Published: April 2019

AbstractVisceral leishmaniasis, a chronic, potentially fatal disease, is characterized by high production of low‐affinity antibodies. In humans, hypergammaglobulinemia is prediction of disease progression. Nevertheless, the contribution of hypermutated and/or class‐switched immunoglobulins to disease pathogenesis has never been studied. Using Aicda−/− mice and the experimental model of Leishmania donovani infection, we demonstrate that the absence of hypermutated and/or class‐switched antibodies was associated with increased resistance to disease, stronger protective Th1 responses, and a lower frequency of regulatory IFNγ+IL‐10+ CD4 T cells. Interestingly, stronger Th1 responses and the absence of IFNγ+IL‐10+ CD4 T cells during chronic infection in infected Aicda−/− mice were not caused by a T‐cell intrinsic effect of AID, but by changes in the cytokine environment during chronic disease. Indeed TNF, IL‐10 and IFN‐ß expressions were only upregulated in the presence of hypermutated, class‐switched antibodies and hypergammaglobulinemia at later stages of infection. Taken together, our results suggest that hypergammaglobulinemia sustains inhibitory responses during chronic visceral leishmaniasis.
A possible link between recurrent upper respiratory tract infections and lower cytokine production in patients with Q fever fatigue syndrome
Authors: Raijmakers Ruud P.H. , Jansen Anne F.M. , Keijmel Stephan P. , van der Meer Jos W.M. , Joosten Leo A.B. , Netea Mihai G. , Bleeker‐Rovers Chantal P. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBesides fatigue, many Q fever fatigue syndrome (QFS) patients also complain of frequently recurring upper respiratory tract infections with severe symptoms. We investigated whether immunologic dysregulation contributes to these complaints. Cytokine and chemokine production was measured after stimulating monocytes of QFS patients and age‐ and sex‐matched healthy controls with LPS and several viral ligands. The H3K4me3 mark of open chromatin was measured at the promoter regions of cytokines and chemokines that differed significantly from healthy controls. Monocytes of QFS patients produced significantly less TNF‐α (p = 0.032), IL‐1β (0.004, 0.024, and 0.008), IL‐6 (0.043), RANTES (0.033), IP‐10 (0.049), MCP‐1 (0.022), IL‐ 13 (0.029), and IL‐10 (0.026) than healthy controls when stimulated with various ligands. H3K4me3 expression was significantly lower in QFS patients than in healthy controls on the promoter regions of IL‐1β (p = 0.004), MCP‐1 (<0.001 and <0.001), IP‐10 (<0.001), IL‐10 (0.041), and IL‐13 (<0.001, <0.001, and 0.001). QFS patients showed diminished cytokine responses to various stimuli compared to age‐ and sex‐matched healthy controls, likely due to epigenetic remodeling and long‐term memory as a result from the acute Q fever infection. This might explain the upper respiratory tract ailments in QFS.
An internet‐delivered cognitive behavioural therapy pain management programme for spinal cord injury pain: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Burke Dearbhla , Lennon Olive , Blake Catherine , Nolan Maeve , Barry Sorcha , Smith Eimear , Maye Fiona , Lynch John , O'Connor Lorna , Maume Liz , Cheyne Sheena , Ní Ghiollain Sadb , Fullen Brona M. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBackgroundChronic pain is common after spinal cord injury (SCI) and dedicated SCI cognitive behavioural therapy pain management programmes (CBT‐PMPs) have a growing evidence base to support their uptake clinically. The development of internet‐delivered treatment options may overcome barriers to the access and uptake of centre‐based programmes. This study examines such an approach on quality of lie (QoL), pain, mood and sleep.MethodsAdults with SCI pain (>3 months) were recruited and randomly assigned to the intervention or control group. The intervention comprised a six module CBT‐PMP delivered once weekly. A blinded assessor determined changes in self‐reported outcome measures post‐intervention and at 3 months. Linear mixed models and effect sizes based on changes between groups were reported. Significance was set p < 0.05.ResultsThe recruitment rate was 32% (intervention n = 35, control n = 34), and the drop‐out rate at 3 months was 26%. On average, participants accessed three (SD 2.1) of six modules. While no difference in QoL was reported, a significant group*time interaction was found for NRS of current pain (χ2 = 8.22, p = 0.016), worst pain (χ2 = 11.20, p = 0.004), and Brief Pain Inventory (interference) (χ2 = 6.924, p = 0.031). Moderate to large effect sizes favouring the intervention were demonstrated at each time point for the pain metrics (Cohen's d: 0.38–0.84). At 3‐month follow‐up, 48% of the intervention group rated themselves improved or very much improved (p < 0.05).ConclusionsThis study demonstrates the potential of an internet‐delivered SCI specific CBT‐PMP in reporting significant statistical and clinical benefit in pain intensity and interference. Strategies to improve engagement are needed.
Parent psychological flexibility in the context of pediatric pain: Brief assessment and associations with parent behaviour and child functioning
Authors: Timmers Inge , Simons Laura E. , Hernandez Jessica M. , McCracken Lance M. , Wallace Dustin P. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe parent's role in the context of pediatric chronic pain is essential. There is growing evidence that parent psychological flexibility positively impacts child functioning. To assess parents’ abilities to respond with psychological flexibility to their child's pain, the Parent Psychological Flexibility Questionnaire (PPFQ) was developed. Here, we aim to validate the 10‐item version of the questionnaire in an English‐speaking population and to evaluate associations with parent behaviour, child pain acceptance and functioning.MethodsFive hundred and seventy‐eight parent‐child dyads presenting at a pediatric pain clinic were included (92% mothers, average child age 15.2 ± 1.6 years). The PPFQ was completed by the parent. Parent and child also completed other standardized questionnaires. In addition to confirmatory factor analysis and assessments of reliability and validity of the PPFQ‐10, a mediation analysis was performed to examine the direct and indirect effects of parent psychological flexibility on child functioning.ResultsConfirmatory factor analysis supported the three‐factor model with subscales for Values‐Based Action, Pain Willingness and Emotional Acceptance, and the PPFQ‐10 demonstrated strong psychometric properties. After controlling for child pain, parent psychological flexibility indirectly affected child functioning through its association with both parent behaviour (i.e., protectiveness) and child pain acceptance.ConclusionsOur findings provide further support for use of the PPFQ‐10 and the importance of assessing and addressing parent psychological flexibility in the context of child chronic pain. Our data show that parent psychological flexibility has an important adaptive role and can impact child functioning through two different routes, both of which can be actively targeted in treatment.SignificanceOur findings demonstrate that the PPFQ‐10 is an efficient measure of parent psychological flexibility, demonstrating strong psychometric properties. Furthermore, our analyses showed that parent psychological flexibility indirectly affects child functioning through associations with both adaptive parent behaviour and child functioning. Taken together, this study furthers the understanding of how parent psychological flexibility operates and affects children with chronic pain, and may inform and optimize treatments aimed at improving functioning by addressing child and parent coping.
The relationships between worry, happiness and pain catastrophizing in the experience of acute pain
Authors: Lefebvre John C. , Jensen Mark P. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe current study aimed to (a) evaluate the effects of an experimental manipulation of worry and happiness on pain perception and measures of worry about pain and pain catastrophizing and (b) determine if changes in situation‐specific worry about pain and pain catastrophizing would be related to changes in acute pain.MethodsThe study included 120 healthy, pain‐free volunteers. Participants were exposed to four levels of noxious stimulation and asked to report on the pain intensity, worry about pain and pain catastrophizing they experienced during the stimulation procedures. They were then randomly assigned to either a Happy or a Worry condition, where they were exposed to emotion induction procedures. The noxious exposure procedures and measures of pain, pain‐related worry and pain catastrophizing were then repeated.ResultsParticipants in the Worry condition reported significant increases in pain intensity, and those in the Happy condition reported significant decreases in pain intensity. Further, the Worry condition participants reported significant increases in both pain‐related worry and pain catastrophizing, while the Happy condition showed the opposite effects. Finally, changes in worry about pain and pain catastrophizing were found to mediate the impact of the affect induction procedure on pain intensity.ConclusionsThe findings demonstrate that pain intensity, worry about pain and pain catastrophizing are all sensitive to changes in mood. The results have potential clinical implications.SignificanceThe current study shows that manipulation‐induced changes in pain‐related worry, pain catastrophizing, and affect have direct effects on the experience of acute pain. More broadly, the overlap of these three variables provides with anxiety and mood disorders offers the promise of new vistas for research and treatment of pain conditions by assessing and targeting the cognitions and behaviors that are common to worry and catastrophizing.
Hanin: Nostalgia among Syrian refugees
Authors: Wildschut Tim , Sedikides Constantine , Alowidy Dalal 
Published: April 2019

AbstractWe examined the psychological functions of nostalgia (hanin in Arabic) among Syrian refugees residing in Saudi Arabia, who were forcibly displaced during the Syrian civil war. Forced displacement entails disruption, loss, and mourning, creating a salient contrast between one's past and present circumstances, which could attenuate the benefits of nostalgia. Studying this population thus affords a strong test of the boundaries of nostalgia's functionality. We experimentally induced nostalgia via vivid autobiographical recall and then assessed various psychological functions, as well as current affect. A supplemental objective was to examine the role of dispositional resilience. Most established benefits of nostalgia also accrued to Syrian refugees. However, contrary to previous findings, nostalgia decreased optimism, highlighting the limits of its palliative capacity among displaced individuals. As hypothesized, the impact of nostalgia was moderated by dispositional resilience, which acted as a catalyst of the emotion's benefits and as an inhibitor of its costs.
Parentage-Based Tagging: Reviewing the Implementation of a New Tool for an Old Problem
Authors: Steele Craig A , Hess Maureen , Narum Shawn , Campbell Matthew 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Parentage-based tagging (PBT), an innovative and large-scale application of genetic parentage assignments, is transforming how fisheries managers determine the age and origin of sampled fish. PBT is an efficient alternative for mass tagging and has been widely implemented in the Pacific Northwest. While still an emerging technology, PBT is being used to provide information to managers in state, federal, and tribal agencies on the harvest, research, and conservation of Chinook Salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha and steelhead O. mykiss in this region. We review the development of PBT in the Pacific Northwest focusing on the technical and logistical challenges for implementing a regional PBT program. We also showcase recent results and review management efforts that made use of PBT-derived data.
Effect of yellowing time on bioactive compounds in yellow tea and their antiproliferative capacity in HepG2 cells
Authors: An Ran , Sun Lingli , Xiang Limin , Zhang Wenji , Li Qiuhua , Lai Xingfei , Wen Shuai , Huo Mengen , Li Dongli , Sun Shili 
Published: April 2019

AbstractSeveral studies have shown potent antineoplastic effects of tea, which can induce apoptosis and inhibit proliferation of cancer cells. Yellow tea is one of the six major types of tea, and yellowing time, a key factor in its processing, is known to improve its quality and bioactivity. However, the effects of yellowing on the composition of the bioactive substances of tea are poorly understood. We analyzed the biochemical composition and the antioxidant and anticancer activities of the extracts of yellow tea (EYTs) subjected to different yellowing durations. Prolonged yellowing increased the content of water extracts, amino acids, soluble sugars, theaflavins, and nonesterified catechins (p < 0.05, p < 0.01) and decreased that of polyphenols, flavonols, thearubigins, caffeine, GA, and esterified catechins (p < 0.05, p < 0.01). In addition, yellowing also slightly increased the antioxidant capacity of the EYTs, but did not significantly affect their ability to inhibit the proliferation of the hepatocarcinoma HepG2 cells. Mechanistically, the EYTs significantly downregulated the phosphorylation of PI3K and AKT and upregulated the Bax/Bcl‐2 ratio in the HepG2 cells. Taken together, the yellowing time influences the bioactive components of yellow tea, and the resulting yellow tea may have more potent antioxidant and anticancer effects.
Impact of body mass index on post‐thyroidectomy morbidity
Authors: Blanchard Claire , Bannani Sahar , Pattou François , Brunaud Laurent , Hamy Antoine , Christou Niki , Mathonnet Muriel , Dahan Marcel , Prades Jean‐Michel , Landecy Gérard , Dernis Henri‐Pierre , Sebag Fréderic , Babin Emmanuel , Bizon Alain , Lifante Jean‐Christophe , Jegoux Frank , Volteau Christelle , Caillard Cécile , Riche Valery‐Pierre , Mirallié Éric 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe impact of obesity on total thyroidectomy (TT) morbidity (recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy and hypocalcaemia) remains largely unknown.MethodsIn a prospective study (NCT01551914), patients were divided into five groups according to their body mass index (BMI): underweight, normal weight, overweight, obese, and severely obese. Preoperative and postoperative serum calcium was measured. Recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) function was evaluated before discharge, and if abnormal, at 6 months.ResultsIn total 1310 patients were included. Baseline characteristics were similar across BMI groups except for age and sex. Postoperative hypocalcaemia was more frequent in underweight compared to obese patients but the difference was not statistically significant in multivariate analysis. There was no difference between groups in terms of definitive hypocalcaemia, transient and definitive RLN palsy, and postoperative pain.ConclusionObesity does not increase intraoperative and postoperative morbidity of TT, despite a longer duration of the procedure.
American Head and Neck Society Endocrine Surgery Section update on parathyroid imaging for surgical candidates with primary hyperparathyroidism
Authors: Zafereo Mark , Yu Justin , Angelos Peter , Brumund Kevin , Chuang Hubert H. , Goldenberg David , Lango Miriam , Perrier Nancy , Randolph Gregory , Shindo Maisie L. , Singer Michael , Smith Russell , Stack Brendan C. , Steward David , Terris David J. , Vu Thinh , Yao Mike , Tufano Ralph P. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractHealth care consumer organizations and insurance companies increasingly are scrutinizing value when considering reimbursement policies for medical interventions. Recently, members of several American Academy of Otolaryngology‐Head & Neck Surgery (AAO‐HNS) committees worked closely with one insurance company to refine reimbursement policies for preoperative localization imaging in patients undergoing surgery for primary hyperparathyroidism. This endeavor led to an AAO‐HNS parathyroid imaging consensus statement (https://www.entnet.org/content/parathyroid-imaging). The American Head and Neck Society Endocrine Surgery Section gathered an expert panel of authors to delineate imaging options for preoperative evaluation of surgical candidates with primary hyperparathyroidism. We review herein the current literature for preoperative parathyroid localization imaging, with discussion of efficacy, cost, and overall value. We recommend that planar sestamibi imaging, single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), SPECT/CT, CT neck/mediastinum with contrast, MRI, and four dimensional CT (4D‐CT) may be used in conjunction with high‐resolution neck ultrasound to preoperatively localize pathologic parathyroid glands. PubMed literature on parathyroid imaging was reviewed through February 1, 2019.