bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SMA observations of polarized dust emission in solar-type Class 0 protostars: Magnetic field properties at envelope scales
Authors: Galametz Maud , Maury Anaëlle , Girart Josep M. , Rao Ramprasad , Zhang Qizhou , Gaudel Mathilde , Valdivia Valeska , Keto Eric , Lai Shih-Ping 
Published: April 2018

Aims. Although from a theoretical point of view magnetic fields are believed to play a significant role during the early stages of star formation, especially during the main accretion phase, the magnetic field strength and topology is poorly constrained in the youngest accreting Class 0 protostars that lead to the formation of solar-type stars.Methods. We carried out observations of the polarized dust continuum emission with the SMA interferometer at 0.87 mm to probe the structure of the magnetic field in a sample of 12 low-mass Class 0 envelopes in nearby clouds, including both single protostars and multiple systems. Our SMA observations probed the envelope emission at scales ~600 − 5000 au with a spatial resolution ranging from 600 to 1500 au depending on the source distance.Results. We report the detection of linearly polarized dust continuum emission in all of our targets with average polarization fractions ranging from 2% to 10% in these protostellar envelopes. The polarization fraction decreases with the continuum flux density, which translates into a decrease with the H2column density within an individual envelope. Our analysis show that the envelope-scale magnetic field is preferentially observed either aligned or perpendicular to the outflow direction. Interestingly, our results suggest for the first time a relation between the orientation of the magnetic field and the rotational energy of envelopes, with a larger occurrence of misalignment in sources in which strong rotational motions are detected at hundreds to thousands of au scales. We also show that the best agreement between the magnetic field and outflow orientation is found in sources showing no small-scale multiplicity and no large disks at ~100 au scales.
Combined dynamical effects of the bar and spiral arms in a Galaxy model. Application to the solar neighbourhood
Authors: Michtchenko T. A. , Lépine J. R. D. , Barros D. A. , Vieira R. S. S. 
Published: April 2018

Context. Observational data indicate that the Milky Way is a barred spiral galaxy. Computation facilities and availability of data from Galactic surveys stimulate the appearance of models of the Galactic structure, however further efforts are needed to build dynamical models containing both spiral arms and the central bar/bulge.
Aims. We expand the study of the stellar dynamics in the Galaxy by adding the bar/bulge component to a model with spiral arms introduced in one of our previous publications. The model is tested by applying it to the solar neighbourhood, where observational data are more precise.
Methods. We model analytically the potential of the Galaxy to derive the force field in its equatorial plane. The model comprises an axisymmetric disc derived from the observed rotation curve, four spiral arms with Gaussian-shaped groove profiles, and a classical elongated/oblate ellipsoidal bar/bulge structure. The parameters describing the bar/bulge are constrained by observations and the stellar dynamics, and their possible limits are determined.
Results. A basic model results in a bar of 2.9 kpc in length, with a mass of the order of a few 109M⊙ (which does not include the axisymmetric part of the bulge, which has a mass of about 1010M⊙). The size and orientation of the bar are also restricted by the position of masers with Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI). The bar’s rotation speed is constrained to Ωbar < 50 km s−1 kpc−1 taking into account the allowed mass range.
Conclusions. We conclude that our basic model is compatible with observations and with the dynamical constraints. The model explains simultaneously the bulk of the main moving groups, associated here with the spiral corotation resonance, and the Hercules stream, associated with several inner high-order spiral resonances; in particular, with the 8/1 resonance. From the dynamical constraints on the bar’s angular speed, it is unlikely that the bar’s outer Lindblad resonance (OLR) lies near the solar circle; moreover, its proximity would compromise the stability of the local arm structure.
Peripartum Haemorrhage, Diagnosis and Therapy. Guideline of the DGGG, OEGGG and SGGG (S2k Level, AWMF Registry No. 015/063, March 2016)
Authors: Schlembach Dietmar , Helmer Hanns , Henrich Wolfgang , von Heymann Christian , Kainer Franz , Korte Wolfgang , Kühnert Maritta , Lier Heiko , Maul Holger , Rath Werner , Steppat Susanne , Surbek Daniel , Wacker Jürgen 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Purpose This is an official interdisciplinary guideline, published and coordinated by the German Society of Gynaecology and Obstetrics (DGGG), the Austrian Society of Gynaecology and Obstetrics (OEGGG) and the Swiss Society of Gynaecology and Obstetrics (SGGG). The guideline was developed for use in German-speaking countries and is backed by the German Society of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Medicine (DGAI), the Society of Thrombosis and Haemostasis Research (GTH) and the German Association of Midwives. The aim is to provide a consensus-based overview of the diagnosis and management of peripartum bleeding obtained from an evaluation of the relevant literature.
Methods This S2k guideline was developed from the structured consensus of representative members of the various professional associations and professions commissioned by the Guideline Commission of the DGGG.
Recommendations The guideline encompasses recommendations on definitions, risk stratification, prevention and management.
The Influence of Maternal Obesity on Pregnancy Complications and Neonatal Outcomes in Diabetic and Nondiabetic Women
Authors: Timur Burcu , Timur Hakan , Tokmak Aytekin , Isik Hatice , Eyi Elif 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Introduction This study aimed to investigate the influence of obesity on pregnancy complications and neonatal outcomes in diabetic and nondiabetic women.
Materials and Methods This retrospective case control study was conducted on 1193 pregnant women and their neonates at a tertiary level maternity hospital between March 2007 and 2011. The pregnant women were classified into 2 groups according to the presence of diabetes mellitus. Six hundred and seven patients with gestational diabetes or pregestational diabetes formed the diabetic group (study group) and 586 patients were in the nondiabetic group (control group). Demographic characteristics, body mass index, gestational weight gain, obstetric history, smoking status, type of delivery, gestational ages, pregnancy complications, neonatal outcomes were recorded for each patient. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the effect of obesity and diabetes on the pregnancy complications and neonatal outcomes.
Results The mean age and pre-pregnancy body mass indices of women with diabetes mellitus were significantly higher than the control groupʼs (p < 0.001). Gestational weight gain and number of smokers were similar among the groups. Multiparity and obesity were more prevalent in the diabetic group compared to controls (both p < 0.001). Although gestational age at birth was earlier in the diabetic group, birth weights were higher in this group than in the control group (both p < 0.001). Cesarean delivery rates, the incidence of macrosomia, and neonatal intensive care unit admission rates were significantly higher in the diabetes group both with normal and increased body mass index (all p < 0.001). However, adverse pregnancy outcomes were comparable between the groups (p = 0.279). Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that obesity is a significant risk factor for pregnancy complications (OR = 1.772 [95% CI, 1.283 – 2.449], p = 0.001) but not for adverse neonatal outcomes (OR = 1.068 [95% CI, 0.683 – 1.669], p = 0.773).
Conclusion While obesity increases risk of developing a pregnancy complication, diabetes worsens neonatal outcomes.
Digital pancreatoscopy in the evaluation of main duct intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm: a multicenter study
Authors: Trindade Arvind J. , Benias Petros C. , Kurupathi Praneet , Tharian Benjamin , Inamdar Sumant , Sharma Neil , Sejpal Divyesh V. , Siddiqui Ali A. , Adler Douglas G. 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to investigate the outcomes of digital pancreatoscopy in main duct intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (MD-IPMN).
Methods This was a multicenter retrospective study. Outcomes analyzed were safety, incremental pathology yield compared with previous cross-sectional/endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) imaging, and whether the surgical procedure was dictated by the pancreatoscopy.
Results A total of 31 patients were enrolled from six tertiary care centers. Overall, 42 % of cases had findings on pancreatoscopy that were not seen on cross-sectional imaging or EUS. Digital pancreatoscopy dictated the type of surgery performed in 13 patients (42 %) who underwent surgery. However, in patients with a diffusely dilated pancreatic duct (> 10 mm), the pancreatoscopy dictated the type of surgery in 77 % of cases vs. 17 % of cases in the focally dilated pancreatic duct group (10/13 vs. 3/18; P = 0.001).
Conclusion Digital pancreatoscopy should be considered in the diagnostic algorithm of MD-IPMN in patients with a diffusely dilated pancreatic duct and without any focal lesions seen on cross-sectional imaging or EUS.
Ernährung sichern senkt auch Gesundheitskosten
Authors: Klein Friederike 
Published: April 2018

Berkowitz SA. et al. Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) Participation and Health Care Expenditures Among Low-Income Adults. JAMA Intern Med 2017;
177: 1642–1649 doi: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2017.4841
Einer von sieben US-Amerikanern erhält zeitweise eine staatliche Unterstützung zur Ernährung. Es ist bekannt, dass Menschen mit nicht gesicherter Ernährung
einen schlechteren Gesundheitszustand haben als Menschen, die in gesicherten Verhältnissen leben. Ob die staatlichen Hilfen zur Ernährung in den USA auch
die Gesundheitskosten senken können, untersuchte eine retrospektive Kohortenstudie.
From Propargylic Fluorinations to [1,3]-Rearrangements: Anion and Ligand Effects in Cu-Acetylide Chemistry
Authors: Cordier Christopher , Cheng Li-Jie , Brown Alexander 
Published: April 2018

Metal-catalyzed reactions of propargylic substrates have been widely studied. Of this reaction class, Cu-catalyzed methods have received much attention within the past decade, with Cu-allenylidenes being proposed as key reactive intermediates. This Synpacts article will outline our development of a nucleophilic fluorination protocol of propargylic electrophiles using copper catalysis. Following an analysis of the importance of anion and ligand effects, this study led us to the unexpected discovery of a formal [1,3]-rearrangement of O-propargylic alkoxypyridine derivatives that was later rendered enantioselective. By contrast to Cu-allenylidene proposals, our mechanistic findings have identified alternatives involving bimetallic intermediates.1	Introduction2	Propargylic Fluorination3	Anion Effects4	Propargylic Rearrangements5	Mechanistic Studies6	Conclusions
Zugänge zum hinteren Beckenring
Authors: Lehmann Wolfgang 
Published: April 2018

ZusammenfassungDie Stabilität des Beckens wird durch den hinteren Beckenring bestimmt. Die Verletzungsformen sind vielfältig und können als rein ligamentäre, knöcherne oder kombinierte Verletzungen auftreten. Bei gleichzeitigen ventralen und dorsalen Verletzungen muss entschieden werden, welche Seite zuerst angegangen werden muss. Gerade bei horizontal und vertikal instabilen Verletzungen ist es häufig vorteilhaft, den hinteren Beckenring zuerst zu stabilisieren. Dabei kommen für den hinteren Beckenring ilioiliakale Plattenosteosynthesen, lokale Plattenosteosynthesen, iliosakrale Schraubenosteosynthesen und lumbopelvine Abstützungen zum Einsatz. Die Wahl des Zugangs ist abhängig von der Frakturform und den Weichteilverhältnissen.
Retrospektive monozentrische 8-Jahres-Analyse von Nagelbiopsien zur Korrelation klinischer und histologischer Daten
Authors: Schirra A. , Wagenpfeil S. , Vogt T. , Müller C. 
Published: April 2018

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Die Diagnostik von Nagelerkrankungen ist herausfordernd. Kenntnisse der Nagelanatomie sowie der operativen Techniken sind erforderlich. Es existieren kaum Daten zur klinisch-pathologischen Korrelation von Nagelerkrankungen.
Fragestellung Beschreibung der Patientenpopulation, welche sich über einen Zeitraum von Januar 2006 bis März 2014 aufgrund einer Nagelerkrankung einem diagnostischen operativen Nageleingriff unterziehen musste. Korrelation mit klinischen sowie epidemiologischen Daten und Vergleich der klinischen Verdachtsdiagnose mit der histologischen Diagnose.
Methode und Ergebnisse In dieser retrospektiven Untersuchung wurden 639 Fälle von Nagelproben analysiert. Unter den 639 ausgewerteten Fällen waren 299 Frauen (46,8 %) und 340 Männer (53,2 %). Die meisten Nagelerkrankungen traten in den Frühlings- und Sommermonaten auf. Klinisch wurden vor der Biopsie in der Mehrzahl Nagelinfektionen, maligne Tumore und entzündliche Dermatosen vermutet.
Diskussion Bei jedem 2. Fall stimmt die klinische mit der histologischen Diagnose nicht überein. Hier spielen die große klinischen Variabilität an Diagnosen bei recht eingeschränktem Spektrum an Symptomen, Zurückhaltung bzw. fehlende Routine bei diagnostischen dermatochirurgischen Eingriffen am Nagelorgan mit eventueller Angst vor postoperativen Komplikationen sowie uneinheitlicher histologischer Prozessierung der Gewebe eine Rolle. Daher ist sowohl eine Standardisierung der histologischen Diagnostik notwendig als auch eine kontinuierliche Verbesserung der klinischen und dermatochirurgischen Ausbildung mit konsekutiver Verbesserung der Behandlungsqualität von Patienten mit Nagelerkrankungen.
Corpus-based terminological preparation for simultaneous interpreting
Authors: Xu Ran 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
This experimental study examines whether use of a corpus-based terminological preparation procedure, managed by a term extraction
tool (Syllabs Tools) and a concordance tool (on the Sketch Engine platform), enables trainee interpreters (Chinese A, English B)
to achieve greater accuracy in a simultaneous interpreting (SI) task on a specialised topic. Twenty-two interpreting students on a
one-year MA course in the UK were divided into a test group (10 students) and a control group (12 students). Nine days before the
experiment, which involved SI from the A into the B language as well as vice versa, both groups were given preparatory
documentation in both languages. In addition, the test group received term lists automatically generated by the extraction tool
and used the Sketch Engine concordance tool. The control group extracted terms manually and did not have the concordance tool.
Terminological accuracy in SI was found to be significantly higher, with fewer omissions, even when terms occurred in rapid
succession, in the test group. All students afterwards participated in focus group discussions, providing feedback on the
effectiveness of their preparation and an estimate of the time they had dedicated to it. In addition, their recall of terms was
tested two months later by completion of a 15-item quiz and was found to be significantly better in the test group.
Using rating scales to assess interpretation
Authors: Han Chao 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Over the past decade, interpretation assessment has played an increasingly important role in interpreter education, professional certification, and interpreting research. The time-honored assessment method is based on analysis of (para)linguistic features of interpretation (including such items as omissions, substitutions, un/filled pauses and self-corrections). Recently, use of descriptor-based rating scales to assess interpretation has emerged as a viable alternative (e.g., Angelelli 2009; Han 2015, 2016; J. Lee 2008; Tiselius 2009), arguably providing a basis for reliable, valid and practical assessments. However, little work has been done in interpreting studies to ascertain the assumed benefits of this emerging assessment practice. Based on 17 international peer-reviewed journals over the last twelve years (2004–2015), and other related publications (e.g., scholarly books, reports, documents), this article provides an overview of practices in scale-based interpretation assessment, focusing on four major aspects: (a) rating scales; (b) raters; (c) rating procedures; (d) reporting of assessment outcomes. Problem areas and possible emerging trends in interpretation assessment are examined, identifying a number of future research needs.
Training “doctor-minded” interpreters and “interpreter-minded” doctors
Authors: Krystallidou Demi , De Walle Céline Van , Deveugele Myriam , Dougali Evangelia , Mertens Fien , Truwant Amélie , Praet Ellen Van , Pype Peter 
Published: April 2018

AbstractIn response to calls in the literature for more collaborative practice in interpreter training, this paper describes the design, implementation and part of the evaluation of an innovative joint training intervention for interpreting students (Master’s level) and 3rd- and 4th-year medical students at Ghent University. In order to assess the development of the students’ knowledge and skills, we employed self-efficacy questionnaires; the training intervention was evaluated in a debriefing session with trainers from both fields. A development in skills that involve direct interaction with the primary participants and address specific communicative goals was noted. Our initial evaluation suggests that interprofessional education and collaborative practice in interpreter training can create the conditions for interpreting students to develop a more insightful and reflective approach to their interpreting practice.
Blogs as interwoven polylogues
Authors: Bondi Marina 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThis paper looks at blogs as dialogic action games characterized by specific communicative purposes and corresponding language use, as described in the MGM. The assumption is that web-mediated communication is particularly apt to developing simultaneous conversations within and without the scientific community. Using a small-scale study of blog threads originated by well-known economists who write for the academia as well as for the media, I look at how they establish dialogicity and intertextuality in the post and at how they developinterwoven polyloguesin comments, thus engaging participants in parallel conversations, some of which are more clearly oriented to sharing views, while others aim at knowledge dissemination and others still at knowledge construction proper.
Dialogue and what it means for discourse
Authors: Teubert Wolfgang 
Published: April 2018

AbstractMy starting and concluding point is theZhuangzi, at least in parts attributed to the Chinese philosopher of the same name. His view, guided by the Daoist tradition, is that language users are free to reconstruct collectively their discursive realities (for instance the notion of happiness), as discourse does not refer to the unspoken reality. While both Edda Weigand and Roy Harris accept that meanings are not fixed, I disagree with Weigand as she wants to leave behind the language sign, and with Roy Harris, as for him it is each solitary person who is creating their signs, whether they take part in discourse or not. For me, but not for them, dialogue drives discourse in the sense of a contingent evolution of ideas, while for them dialogue is driven by solitary individuals. Perhaps we all agree that the meaning of a word likehappinessis arbitrary and we are free to construct its discursive reality, the only reality that counts.
Theorising the untheorisable
Authors: Orman Jon 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
In this article, I offer a critical discussion of the work of prominent dialogue theorist Edda Weigand from an integrational linguistic perspective. The discussion centres upon Weigand’s ‘Mixed Game Model’ (MGM), a model which is claimed to constitute a holistic theory of dialogue and to describe how language is integrated in a general theory of human action. I am particularly interested in determining how much (un)common ground exists between the two approaches especially since both style themselves as ‘non-orthodox’ and accord considerable theoretical importance to the notion of ‘integration’. In the end, I come to the conclusion that despite what turn to be some rather superficial areas of convergence, the gap between integrationist and Weigandian thought remains considerable and most likely unbridgeable. I suggest that this state of affairs can be explained by the highly divergent views concerning the nature of linguistic inquiry and the role of theory therein held by those in the respective camps.
Sign making in dialogue
Authors: Duncker Dorthe 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
This paper investigates how communicating participants dialogically make and remake signs, and how they rely on the reflexivity of language in order to talk about linguistic experience of relevance to the communication situation they are currently involved in. It addresses the metalinguistic strategies and techniques participants employ in order to deal with linguistic indeterminacy, given that, as presumed by integrational linguistics, contextualization is individual and unique. By way of illustration a transcript of a lively discussion is provided in which the participants demonstrate some of these techniques with the result that they end up effectively contextualizing ‘together apart’.
Reviving pedagogical translation
Authors: Barnes Katrina 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe aim of this study was to determine to what extent translation may be an effective pedagogical tool for use by UK GCSE language students. It is offered as a contribution to the ongoing debate regarding the use of pedagogical translation. In March 2015, 41 students preparing for their GCSE Spanish exams were presented with a variety of translation-based activities, including a discussion about professional translation, a mistranslations exercise and a group translation task. The research design combined both translation as a means (explicative and process-oriented) and translation as an end (communicative and product-oriented), and was based upon a realistic, student-centred, socio-constructivist pedagogical foundation. Qualitative data, and a small amount of quantitative data, were collected via a post-session questionnaire and semi-structured group interview, through which students were asked about their experience of the translation sessions in order to answer the following questions: (1) According to students, does translation have a place in UK secondary school foreign language education? (2) If it does, what do students feel are its main benefits? (3) What form should translation activities take, according to students?Students felt that translation could add to their language classes in a variety of ways, including building their confidence, making their language learning more engaging, giving their learning a more ‘real-world’, practical focus and increasing their general language competency. They also felt that it was best delivered in the form of task-based group work. Students’ responses to the translation sessions were overwhelmingly positive, providing compelling support for further use of both explicative and communicative translation tasks in UK secondary school language education.