bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mortality and Associated Risk Factors in Community-Dwelling Persons With Early Dementia
Authors: Barrett Blake , Schultz Susan K. , Luther Stephen L. , Friedman Yvonne , Cowan Linda , Bulat Tatjana 
Published: September 2019

Objective:Examine mortality and associations with baseline characteristics among Veterans with early dementia.Methods:Participants included dyads of community-based Veterans with early dementia and their caregivers (N=143) enrolled in a previous longitudinal study. Department of Veterans Health Affairs’ electronic records were used to retrospectively collect Veteran mortality outcomes, over a 6-year period. Measures included baseline: demographics, dementia-related factors, other comorbid conditions, functioning, and medication use. Associations with baseline characteristics and mortality were examined with bivariate analyses and a series of Cox proportional hazard models.Results:Over 6 years of study follow-up, 53.1% of participants died. The mean time to death was 3.09 years, with a range of 54 days to 5.91 years. Female sex, better cognition, and higher scores on the Tinetti Gait and Balance scale were protective factors in the final multivariable model, adjusting for other characteristics.Conclusions:While newly diagnosed with early dementia, over half of our sample died in the 6-year follow-up period, with the average death occurring only 3 years after initial diagnosis. The finding of lower mortality associated with better performance on gait/balance testing indicates an important opportunity for focused interventions and early detection of gait and balance changes early during cognitive decline.
From statics of composites to acoustic metamaterials
Authors: Willis J. R. 
Published: September 2019

The Hashin–Shtrikman formalism for the static response of a composite is first summarized, in a form applicable to anisotropic media and arbitrary two-point correlations. Its extension to dynamic response is then explained and in particular the extra coupling, for stress with velocity as well as strain, and momentum density with strain as well as velocity that inevitably follows, is highlighted. The more recent dynamical formulations which incorporate extra flexibility through the use of a weighted mean displacement also receive mention. The article is concluded with an explicit analysis of a simple model random composite and some lessons are drawn from the solution, which exposes at least one clear gap in existing knowledge and requires further research.
This article is part of the theme issue ‘Modelling of dynamic phenomena and localization in structured media (part 1)’.
Dynamic characterization of a periodic microstructured flexural system with rotational inertia
Authors: Nieves M. J. , Brun M. 
Published: September 2019

We consider the propagation of waves in a flexural medium composed of massless beams joining a periodic array of elements, elastically supported and possessing mass and rotational inertia. The dispersion properties of the system are determined and the influence and interplay between the dynamic parameters on the structure of the pass and stop bands are analysed in detail. We highlight the existence of three special dynamic regimes corresponding to a low stiffness in the supports and/or low rotational inertia of the masses; to a high stiffness and/or high rotational inertia regime; and to a transition one where dispersion degeneracies are encountered. In the low-frequency regime, a rigorous asymptotic analysis shows that the structure approximates a continuous Rayleigh beam on an elastic foundation.
This article is part of the theme issue ‘Modelling of dynamic phenomena and localization in structured media (part 1)’.
Glucocorticoids regulate cancer cell dormancy
Authors: Prekovic Stefan , Schuurman Karianne , Manjón Anna González , Buijs Mark , Peralta Isabel Mayayo , Wellenstein Max D. , Yavuz Selçuk , Barrera Alejandro , Monkhorst Kim , Huber Anne , Morris Ben , Lieftink Cor , Silva Joana , Győrffy Balázs , Hoekman Liesbeth , van den Broek Bram , Teunissen Hans , Reddy Timothy , Faller William , Beijersbergen Roderick , Jonkers Jos , Altelaar Maarten , de Visser Karin E. , de Wit Elzo , Medema Rene , Zwart Wilbert 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe glucocorticoid receptor directly regulates thousands of genes across the human genome in a cell-type specific manner, governing various aspects of homeostasis. The influence of the glucocorticoid receptor is also seen in various pathologies, including cancer, where it has been linked to tumorigenesis, metastasis, apoptosis resistance, and therapy bypass. Nonetheless, the direct genetic and molecular underpinnings of glucocorticoid action in cancer remain elusive. Here, we dissected the glucocorticoid receptor signalling axis and uncovered the mechanism of glucocorticoid-mediated cancer cell dormancy. Upon glucocorticoid receptor activation cancer cells undergo quiescence, subserved by cell cycle arrest through CDKN1C and reprogramming of signalling orchestrated via FOXO1/IRS2. Strikingly, co-expression of these three genes, directly regulated by glucocorticoid-induced chromatin looping, correlates with a benign molecular phenotype across human cancers, whereas triple loss is associated with increased expression of proliferation/aggressiveness markers. Finally, we show that the glucocorticoid receptor signalling axis is inactivated by alterations of either the chromatin remodelling complex or TP53 in vitro and in vivo. Our results indicate that the activation of the glucocorticoid receptor leads to cancer cell dormancy, which has several implications in terms of glucocorticoid use in cancer therapy.
Genetic signature of prostate cancer resistant to optimized hK2 targeted alpha-particle therapy
Authors: Bicak Mesude , Lückerath Katharina , Kalidindi Teja , Strand Sven-Erik , Morris Michael , Radu Caius , Damoiseaux Robert , Peekhaus Norbert , Ho Austin , Veach Darren , Hager Ann-Christin Malmborg , Larson Steven M , Lilja Hans , McDevitt Michael R , Klein Robert J. , Ulmert David 
Published: September 2019

AbstractHu11B6 is a monoclonal antibody that internalizes in cells expressing androgen receptor (AR)-regulated prostate specific enzyme human kallikrein 2 (hK2;KLK2). In multiple rodent models, Actinium-225 labeled hu11B6-IgG1([225Ac]hu11B6-IgG1) has shown promising treatment efficacy. In the current study we investigated options to enhance and optimize [225Ac]hu11B6 treatment. Firstly, we evaluated the possibility of exploiting IgG3, the immunoglobulin G (IgG) subclass with superior activation of complement and ability to mediate FC-gamma-receptor binding, for immunotherapeutically enhanced hK2 targeted alpha-radioimmunotherapy. Secondly, we compared the therapeutic efficacy of a single high activity vs. fractionated activity. Finally, we used RNA sequencing to analyze the genomic signatures of prostate cancer that progressed after targeted alpha therapy. [225Ac]hu11B6-IgG3was a functionally enhanced alternative to [225Ac]hu11B6-IgG1but offered no improvement of therapeutic efficacy. Progression free survival was slightly increased with a single high activity compared to fractionated activity. Tumor free animals succumbing after treatment revealed no evidence of treatment associated toxicity. In addition to upregulation of canonical aggressive prostate cancer genes, such asMMP7,ETV1,NTSandSCHLAP1, we also noted a significant decrease in bothKLK3(PSA) andFOLH1(PSMA) but not inARandKLK2, demonstrating efficacy of sequential [225Ac]hu11B6 in a mouse model.
Extreme intratumour heterogeneity and driver evolution in mismatch repair deficient gastro-oesophageal cancer
Authors: von Loga Katharina , Woolston Andrew , Punta Marco , Barber Louise , Griffiths Beatrice , Semiannikova Maria , Spain Georgia , Challoner Benjamin , Fenwick Kerry , Simon Ronald , Marx Andreas , Sauter Guido , Lise Stefano , Matthews Nik , Gerlinger Marco 
Published: September 2019

AbstractMismatch repair deficient (dMMR) gastro-oesophageal adenocarcinomas (GOAs) show better outcomes than their MMR-proficient counterparts and high immunotherapy sensitivity. The hypermutator-phenotype of dMMR tumours theoretically enables high evolvability but how these cancers evolve has not been investigated in detail. We applied multi-region exome sequencing (MSeq) to four treatment-naïve dMMR GOAs. This revealed extreme intratumour heterogeneity (ITH), exceeding ITH in other cancer types >20-fold, but also long phylogenetic trunks which may explain the exquisite immunotherapy sensitivity of dMMR tumours. Subclonal driver mutations were common and parallel evolution occurred in RAS, PIK3CA, SWI/SNF-complex genes and in immune evasion regulators. MSeq data and evolution analysis of single region-data from 64 MSI GOAs showed that chromosome 8 gains were among the earliest genetic events and that the hypermutator-phenotype remained active during progression. MSeq may be necessary for biomarker development in these heterogeneous cancers. Comparison with other MSeq-analysed tumour types revealed mutation rates and their timing as major determinants of phylogenetic tree morphologies.
DLC1 is a direct target of activated YAP/TAZ that drives collective migration and sprouting angiogenesis
Authors: van der Stoel Miesje , Schimmel Lilian , Nawaz Kalim , van Stalborch Anne-Marieke , de Haan Annett , Klaus-Bergmann Alexandra , Valent Erik T. , Koenis Duco S. , van Nieuw Amerongen Geerten P. , de Vries Carlie J. , de Waard Vivian , Gloerich Martijn , van Buul Jaap D. , Huveneers Stephan 
Published: September 2019

AbstractYAP/TAZ signaling is crucial for sprouting angiogenesis and vascular homeostasis through the regulation of endothelial remodeling. Thus far the underlying molecular mechanisms that explain how YAP/TAZ control the vasculature remain unclear. We here identify Deleted-in-Liver-Cancer-1 (DLC1) as a direct transcriptional target of the activated YAP/TAZ-TEAD complex in the endothelium. Substrate stiffening and VEGF stimuli promote the endothelial expression of DLC1. DLC1 expression is dependent on the presence of YAP and TAZ, and constitutive activation of YAP efficiently promotes expression of DLC1. We show that DLC1 limits F-actin fiber formation, integrin-based focal adhesion lifetime and integrin-mediated traction forces. Depletion of endothelial DLC1 strongly perturbs cell polarization in directed collective migration and inhibits the formation of angiogenic sprouts. Importantly, the inability of YAP-depleted endothelial cells to collectively migrate and form angiogenic sprouts can be rescued by ectopic expression of DLC1. Together, these findings reveal that DLC1 fills a hitherto missing link between YAP/TAZ signaling and endothelial dynamics during angiogenesis.
Local-global method to predict distortion of aircraft panel caused in automated riveting process
Authors: Yang Di , Qu Weiwei , Ke Yinglin 
Published: September 2019

Purpose
The riveting process is a metal forming process involving complex elastic-plastic deformation, which will induce a compressive residual stress field and cause local distortions in the connecting areas. Regarding to the aircraft panel assemblies with plenty of rivets, the global deformation is inevitable and undesired, leading difficulties to downstream assembly processes. This paper aims to present a new method for the local distortion calculation and the global deformation prediction of sheet panel assemblies during the automated riveting process.

Design/methodology/approach
In this paper, a simplified algebraic study is presented to analyze the local distortion of single countersunk rivet joint with the consideration of the barrel-like shape of the driven head and the through-thickness variations along the rivet shank. Then, an equivalent rivet unit is proposed based on the result of the algebraic study and embedded into the global-level model for the prediction of the overall distortions of riveted panels.

Findings
The algebraic study is able to reach a more precise contour of the deformed rivet than the traditional assumption of cylindrical deformations and rapidly determine the equivalent coefficients of the riveting unit. The result also shows an industrial acceptable accuracy of the prediction for the global deformations of the double-layered panel assemblies widely used in the aircraft panel structures.

Originality/value
A new local-global method for predicting the deformations of the riveted panel assembly based on the algebraic study of the local distortions is proposed to help the engineers in the early design stages or in the assembly process planning stage.
Bridging the credit gap for sustainable medicinal plant value chain development in Northwestern Vietnam
Authors: Luan Do Xuan 
Published: September 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore the existence and determinants of the credit gap in the cinnamon value chain development in Northwestern Vietnam.Design/methodology/approachA multi-stage sampling of 548 cinnamon households and a Heckman Selection Model were applied to examine their credit access constraints. In-depth interviews with cooperatives, enterprises, banks and relevant government agencies were further conducted to explain the credit gap.FindingsIn the total 52.74 percent of households that received credit, 24.56 percent of them received an insufficient amount of credit as registered. In addition, 35.77 percent of total households are credit rationed. Although all enterprises and cooperatives had been successful in applying for credit as long as they have collateral, none of them received the full credit amount requested. The credit amount received satisfied 80.64, 43.03 and 44.28 percent of the demand by households, cooperatives and enterprises, respectively. The lack of valuable collateral assets is the most important factor explaining this credit gap. Moreover, membership in a farmer-based union or ownership of a bank account increases the probability of access to credit. Educated household heads with a larger farm size and the Kinh ethnic majority are positively associated with a larger amount of credit. Households with conventional cinnamon farming, more dependents and union non-membership are more likely to be credit rationed.Practical implicationsA reform on collateral management, facilitating access to bank accounts, capacity building for local farmer-based unions, organic certification, granting land use rights and facilitating a platform to share reliable information between relevant actors are needed to bridge the credit gap.Originality/valueThis paper analyses the determinants of credit access constraints by key actors in a medicinal plant value chain that was insufficiently discussed by previous studies in the field.
Non-employee individual taxpayer compliance
Authors: Paramaduhita Aqmarina Vaharani , Mustikasari Elia 
Published: September 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to determine what factors may affect taxpayer (TP) compliance.

Design/methodology/approach
This research uses five independent variables such as income, TP’s perception on tax penalties, law and enforcement, fair tax treatment and the use of tax money in a transparent and accountable way. The dependent variable is the compliance of individual TPs non-employees. The data used are primary data obtained from questionnaires on KPP Surabaya Rungkut and processed using a multiple linear regression method with SPSS 21.0 Software for Windows.

Findings
The results show that partially income does not affect the compliance of individual TP non-employees; however, four other independent variables on the TP’s perception of penalties, law enforcement, tax treatment and the use of tax money simultaneously had a positive effect.

Originality/value
All independent variables had a positive effect on compliance by individual TP non-employees on KPP Surabaya Rungkut.
Transparency of local government in Indonesia
Authors: Adiputra I Made Pradana , Utama Sidharta , Rossieta Hilda 
Published: September 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to provide empirical evidence about the influence of the size of local government, the quality of local government financial statements, the level of local government response to the disclosure of financial information and the local political environment on the transparency of local government in Indonesia.

Design/methodology/approach
The study sample consisted of 34 regional governments (provinces) in Indonesia in 2016, using purposive sampling and multiple regression analysis.

Findings
The results showed that the quality of financial reporting through the audit opinion and political environment have a significant positive effect on the transparency of local government in Indonesia. On the other hand, the size of the local government and local government response rate on the regulation do not affect the transparency of local government in Indonesia.

Originality/value
The agency, legitimacy and institutional theory have an important role in the underlying local government transparency practices in Indonesia. The results of this study should be used as the basis of thought and study to determine the factors that affect the performance of local governments from the financial and non-financial aspects.
Malaysian evidence supporting theoretical integration of roles of non-executive directors
Authors: Annuar Hairul Azlan 
Published: September 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the role of independent non-executive directors (INEDs) in Malaysian public listed companies (PLCs), other than the control role prescribed by agency theory and reformatory documents such as the Malaysian Code of Corporate Governance.Design/methodology/approachA qualitative research design, consisting of face-to-face interviews with 27 company directors of Malaysian-owned PLCs, was instigated.FindingsThe interviews revealed that INEDs do more than just monitor their executive counterparts. Apart from the control role, INEDs of Malaysian companies provide a conduit for mitigating uncertainties in the environment and perform invaluable services to the host companies.Research limitations/implicationsThis research utilized interviews. Generalizations may be an issue when interviews are used as the method of inquiry. Also, the sample is not random as access to many of the interviewed directors depended on recommendations. In addition, respondents were consciously selected in order to obtain various board positions that include independent and non-independent directors.Originality/valueThere are limited studies using qualitative research design in investigating INEDs’ performing other roles apart from the control role of the board in developing countries. Many of previous studies and literature in this area of corporate governance were predominantly based upon experiences of western economies.
Board characteristic and corporate environmental reporting in Nigeria
Authors: Aliyu Usman Shehu 
Published: September 2019

PurposeThe issue that revolves around corporate governance and corporate environmental reporting (CER) has always been an essential element deliberated upon globally. A good corporate governance mechanism instills an investor’s confidence and ensures a transparent process that facilitates more disclosures and quality reporting. Precisely, the purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between corporate governance variables, namely, board size, board independence, board meeting (BM), risk management committee composition and CER in Nigeria. This study utilized the data obtained from the annual reports of 24 non-financial public listed companies in the Nigeria Stock Exchange comprising three sectors, namely, industrial goods, natural resources and oil & gas for the period of 2011–2015. The model of this study is theoretically based on agency theory. In analyzing data, this study utilized panel data analysis. Based on the Hausman test, the random effect model was used to examine the effect of predictors on CER. The result indicates a positive significant relationship between board independence and CER. Similarly, a positive significant relationship between BM and CER is revealed in the study. However, there is no significant relationship between other hypothesis variables and CER. Finally, the study provides suggestions for future research and several recommendations for regulators, government and accounting professional bodies.Design/methodology/approachThe data was analysed using statistics.FindingsThe result indicates a positive significant relationship between board independence and CER. Similarly, a positive significant relationship between BM and CER is revealed in the study. However, there is no significant relationship between other hypothesis variables and CER.Originality/valueThere are no prior studies linking risk management committee with CER.
The interaction effect of placement characteristics and emotional experiences on consumers’ brand recognition
Authors: Song Sigen , Chan Fanny Fong Yee , Wu Yanlin 
Published: September 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the interaction effect of placement characteristics and emotional experiences on consumers’ recognition of placed brands. Brand recognition is a fundamental step in the consumer’s decision-making journey.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors developed a research model based on emotional process theory and cognitive capacity theory incorporating placement characteristics, emotional experiences and brand recognition. An experimental study of 110 young Chinese consumers was conducted to test the research model.

Findings
The findings indicated that all three placement characteristics (prominence, serial positions and plot connection) had significant effects on brand recognition, as suggested in previous research. The effect of emotional experiences on brand recognition was comparatively less prominent. Placement characteristics and emotional experiences also interacted to influence the recognition of placed brands.

Originality/value
This study shows the role of emotional experiences and their interaction with placement characteristics on brand recognition, which has yet to be examined. The conceptual model contributes to the product placement literature by suggesting that both cognitive and emotional processing are important for brand recognition. The findings provide useful insights for marketers in designing effective product placement strategies.