bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prenatal Care and Hypertensive Gestational Syndromes: A Systematic Review
Authors: Dutra Gláucya Raquel Souza da Fonsêca , Dutra Laio da Costa , Fonsêca Gabriela Karine Souza da , Nascimento Júnior Mauro Bezerra do , Lucena Eudes Euler de Souza 
Published: June 2018

Objective Evaluate the influence of prenatal care on the occurrence of gestational hypertension.
Methods The Web of Science, Scopus, Pubmed, Cochrane and ClinicalTrials electronic databases were searched for articles published between January 1st, 2012 and December 31st, 2016. No language restrictions were imposed. The following keywords were used: prenatal care, medical assistance, prenatal education, pregnancy-induced hypertension. The preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) checklist was employed. Two hundred and forty articles were identified during the initial search, but only seven met the inclusion criteria. This systematic review is registered with the international prospective register of systematic reviews (PROSPERO; #CRD42017064103).
Results The seven studies had a low risk of bias, with methodological quality scores ranging from six to eight points. Five studies found a positive relationship between prenatal care and pregnancy-induced hypertension, whereas two studies found no significant association between the two variables. The divergence among the studies may have been due to the type of healthcare service at which the study was conducted and the sample size.
Conclusion Although the studies analyzed differed with regard to methodological aspects, the findings demonstrate the importance of prenatal care during the gestational period as a prevention and health promotion measure.
Surgical Implications of Innervation Pattern of the Triceps Muscle: A Cadaveric Study
Authors: Chaware Prashant , Santoshi John , Patel Manmohan , Ahmad Mohtashim , Rathinam Bertha 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe innervation pattern of triceps is complex and not fully comprehended. Anomalous innervations of triceps have been described by various authors. We have attempted to delineate the nerve supply of the triceps and documented the anomalous innervations of its different heads. The brachial plexus and its major branches (in the region of the axilla and arm) and triceps were dissected in 36 embalmed cadaver upper limbs. Long head received one branch from radial nerve in 31 (86%) specimens. Four (11%) specimens received two branches including one that had dual innervation from the radial and axillary nerves, and one (3%) specimen had exclusive innervation from a branch of the axillary nerve. Medial head received two branches arising from the radial nerve in 34 (94%) specimens. One (3%) specimen received three branches from the radial nerve whereas one (3%) had dual supply from the radial and ulnar nerves. Lateral head received multiple branches exclusively from the radial nerve, ranging from 2 to 5, in all (100%) specimens. Knowledge of the variations in innervation of the triceps would not only help the surgeon to avoid inadvertent injury to any of the nerve branches but also offers new options for nerve and free functional muscle transfers.
Management of Infants with Congenital Muscular Torticollis
Authors: Durguti Zheralldin , Murtezani Ardiana , Spahiu Lidvana , Durguti Teuta , Gara Eqrem 
Published: June 2018

AbstractCongenital muscular torticollis (CMT) is a deformation characterized by unilateral shortening of the sternocleidomastoid muscle resulting in lateral inclination of the neck associated with contralateral torsion. The purpose of this study was to assess the role of physical therapy in infants with CMT according to the age when treatment was started. The study was conducted in the Physical Therapy Clinic “Therapy” in Pristina for a period of 1 year from June 2016 to June 2017. The number of infants diagnosed with a CMT was 130 (71 girls and 59 boys). The infants were examined two times during the study period. The first visit was at the baseline and the second after the intervention. Three comparative groups are created based on time to start treatment. The infants were treated for 3 consecutive weeks with five sessions per week with the same therapeutic procedure. In the first examination of infants, there was no significant difference between the groups (chi-square test = 0.78, p = 0.08), whereas in the second examination after the 15 therapeutic sessions there was significant difference in the improvement of all the groups treated with physical therapy. Significant result was achieved in mean range of motion in infants of the group aged 3.1 to 6 months (mean = –35.9 ± 12.3, 95% confidence interval [CI], –39.3 to –32.4, p < 0.001) and in the mean side flexion of group aged 3.1 to 6 months (mean difference = –24.5 ± 7.9, 95% CI, –16.9 to –9.7, p < 0.001). While exercises in the 6- to 9-month age group have shown less success, because the time of appearance for physical therapy has been delayed (mean difference = –23.5 ± 10.7, 95% CI, –15.6 to –8.4, p < 0.001). From the results obtained from this study, we can conclude that the early start of the physical therapy gives much better results.
Language and Politics in Ramón Joaquín Domínguez (1846–1847)
Authors: Villa Laura 
Published: June 2018

SummaryThis article studies Ramón Joaquín Domínguez’s (1811–1848)Diccionario Nacional ó gran diccionario clásico de la lengua española(1846–1847), the first encyclopedic work written in Spain. Firstly, a historical account of the context in which this lexicographic work emerged is provided. Secondly, Domínguez’s life, work and political ideas are examined. Finally, the disapproval of the Royal Spanish Academy in theDiccionario Nacionalis analyzed. I argue that, in keeping with the French encyclopedic tradition, Domínguez displayed an openly political standpoint in his dictionary and criticized both political ideas and institutions of power that he considered a hindrance to progress and liberalism.
Cataloguing the First Histories of the English Language Written from the Late 16th to the End of the 18th Century
Authors: Rodríguez-Álvarez Alicia 
Published: June 2018

SummaryMost studies on the first histories of the English language go as far back as the 19th century, and dismiss earlier historical accounts of the language. However, 17th- and 18th-century short histories of the English language provide valuable insight into information layout, periodisation criteria, ideological tenets and other material which have left an imprint on the formation of the discipline called History of the English Language. This paper attempts to remedy this lack of attention by providing a catalogue of the first historical accounts of the English language (16th–18th century) with useful bibliographic details which will help future researchers of early accounts of the English language to locate them. The catalogue is accompanied by a description of these accounts which reveals a common pattern regarding contents and organisation.
Commercially available compression garments or electrical stimulation do not enhance recovery following a sprint competition in elite cross‐country skiers
Authors: Govus Andrew David , Andersson Erik Petrus , Shannon Oliver Michael , Provis Holly , Karlsson Mathilda , McGawley Kerry 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThis study investigated whether commercially available compression garments (COMP) exerting a moderate level of pressure and/or neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) accelerate recovery following a cross‐country sprint skiing competition compared with a control group (CON) consisting of active recovery only. Twenty‐one senior (12 males, 9 females) and 11 junior (6 males, 5 females) Swedish national team skiers performed an outdoor sprint skiing competition involving four sprints lasting ∼3–4 min. Before the competition, skiers were matched by sex and skiing level (senior versus junior) and randomly assigned to COMP (n = 11), NMES (n = 11) or CON (n = 10). Creatine kinase (CK), urea, countermovement jump (CMJ) height, and perceived muscle pain were measured before and 8, 20, 44 and 68 h after competition. Neither COMP nor NMES promoted the recovery of blood biomarkers, CMJ or perceived pain post‐competition compared with CON (all P > .05). When grouping all 32 participants, urea and perceived muscle pain increased from baseline, peaking at 8 h (standardised mean difference (SMD), [95% confidence intervals (CIs)]): 2.8 [2.3, 3.2]) and 44 h (odds ratio [95% CI]: 3.3 [2.1, 5.1]) post‐competition, respectively. Additionally, CMJ was lower than baseline 44 and 68 h post‐competition in both males and females (P < .05). CK increased from baseline in males, peaking at 44 h (SMD: 1.4 [−0.4, 0.9]), but was decreased in females at 20 h post‐competition (SMD: −0.8 [−1.4, −0.2]). In conclusion, cross‐country sprint skiing induced symptoms of exercise‐induced muscle damage peaking 8–44 h post‐competition. However, neither COMP nor NMES promoted physiological or perceptual recovery compared with CON.
A trait-based approach to ocean ecology
Authors: Kiørboe Thomas , Visser André , Andersen Ken H 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Trait-based ecology merges evolutionary with classical population and community ecology and is a rapidly developing branch of ecology. It describes ecosystems as consisting of individuals rather than species, and characterizes individuals by few key traits that are interrelated through trade-offs. The fundamental rationale is that the spatio-temporal distribution of organisms and their functional role in ecosystems depend on their traits rather than on their taxonomical affiliation. The approach respects that interactions are between individuals, not between species or populations, and in trait-based models ecosystem structure emerges as a result of interactions between individuals and with the environments, rather than being prescribed. It offers an alternative to classical species-centric approaches and has the potential to describe complex ecosystems in simple ways and to assess the effects of environmental change on ecosystem structure and function. Here, we describe the components of the trait-based approach and apply it to describe and model marine ecosystems. Our description is illustrated with multiple examples of life in the ocean from unicellular plankton to fish.
The Collaboration Riskscape: Fragmentation, Problem Types and Preference Divergence in Urban Sustainability
Authors: Deslatte Aaron , Feiock Richard C 
Published: June 2018

AbstractLocal governmental efforts to achieve greater sustainability have come to play a prominent role within urbanized regions. Despite the prominence of collaboration and collective action in the inter-governmental literature, we know little about how the collaborative mechanisms used to address them are influenced by the configurations of horizontal, general-purpose governments and vertical, single-purpose governments. We combine national- and metropolitan-level analyses through a mixed-methods design to fill this lacuna. The first component examines how fragmentation influences choices of mechanisms for interlocal collaboration utilizing surveys of U.S. cities. The second component examines collaboration barriers between localities in a single metropolitan area through qualitative analysis of interviews conducted with twenty city managers in the Chicago metropolitan region, one of the most fragmented in the United States. These analyses offer evidence to support the conclusion that more fragmented regions may be better suited to overcome coordination risks and find more avenues for collaborative activities. However, preference heterogeneity within fragmented environments increases the risk of defection and thus offsets some advantages of polycentricity.
Scholarly Research Projects Benefit Medical Students’ Research Productivity and Residency Choice: Outcomes From the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine
Authors: Conroy Molly B. , Shaffiey Shahab , Jones Sarah , Hackam David J. , Sowa Gwendolyn , Winger Daniel G. , Wang Li , Boninger Michael L. , Wagner Amy K. , Levine Arthur S. 
Published: June 2018

Purpose
Many medical schools require scholarly research projects. However, outcomes data from these initiatives are scarce. The authors studied the impact of the Scholarly Research Project (SRP), a four-year longitudinal requirement for all students at the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine (UPSOM), on research productivity and residency match.

Method
The authors conducted a longitudinal study of non-dual-degree UPSOM graduates in 2006 (n = 121, non-SRP participants) versus 2008 (n = 118), 2010 (n = 106), and 2012 (n = 132), all SRP participants. The authors used PubMed for publication data, National Resident Matching Program for residency match results, and Blue Ridge Institute for Medical Research for National Institutes of Health funding rank for residency-affiliated academic institutions.

Results
Research productivity of students increased for those completing the SRP, measured as a greater proportion of students with publications (27.3% in 2006 vs. 45.8% in 2008, 55.7% in 2010, and 54.5% in 2012; P < .001) and first-authorship (9.9% in 2006 vs. 26.3% in 2008, 33.0% in 2010, and 35.6% in 2012; P < .001). Across years, there was a significantly greater proportion of students with peer-reviewed publications matched in higher-ranked residency programs (57.0% with publications in the top 10%, 52.7% in the top 10%–25%, 32.4% in the top 25%–50%, 41.2% in the bottom 50%, and 45.2% in unranked programs; P = .018).

Conclusions
Longitudinal research experiences for medical students may be one effective tool in fostering student publications and interest in extending training in a research-focused medical center.
Effect of Low-Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound (LIPUS) on Osteotomy
Authors: Tsuyoshi Ota 
Published: June 2018

Objective:
LIPUS following osteotomy has been covered by national health insurance since April 2015. We investigated the effect of LIPUS on the time period for callus formation and bone union after osteotomy of the antebrachial bone.

Subjects and Methods:
The subjects were 13 patients who underwent antebrachial bone osteotomy between 2010 and January 2017. Nine patients were not treated with LIPUS (L–group) and 4 patients were treated with LIPUS (L+ group). There were 8 male and 5 female patients. The mean age was 40.2-year-old in the L– group and 38.1-year-old in the L+ group. The L– group included 8 patients who were treated with radial shortening for Kienbock's disease and one patient who was treated with deformity-corrective osteotomy for acute plastic bowing, and the L+ group included 3 and 1 patient treated with each of these approaches, respectively. In the L+ group, treatment with LIPUS was initiated on the day following surgery and continued until bone union was achieved.

Results:
In the L– group, bone union could not be achieved in the patient with acute plastic bowing, and bone union was achieved by surgery for a false joint. In the L+ group, bone union was achieved in all patients. No complications, due to infection, CRPS, or tendon or nerve injury, occurred. The callus formation period was 88–422 days (mean: 255 days) in the L– group and 15–36 days (mean: 24 days) in the L+ group. The bone union period was 123–546 days (mean: 284.4 days) in the L– group and 77–141 days (mean: 107.5 days) in the L+ group. Both callus formation and bone union periods were significantly shorter in the L+ group compared with the L– group.

Discussion:
The bone union-promoting effect of LIPUS after osteotomy was investigated since its coverage by the national health insurance in 2015. The callus formation and bone union periods were markedly shorter in the L+ group compared with those in the L– group. Since no false joint developed in the group treated with LIPUS, LIPUS should be applied after osteotomy.
The Safety, Cosmetic Outcome, and Patient Satisfaction after Inferior Pedicle Reduction Mammaplasty for Significant Macromastia
Authors: Baslaim Muna M. , Al-Amoudi Shefaa Ahmed , Hafiz Mohammed , Al-Hazmi Wedyan Mohammed , Salman Budoor Ahmed , Al-Amoudi Mohammed Khalid 
Published: June 2018

Background:
Significant macromastia is socially and physically debilitating. Reduction mammaplasty in these cases carries significant morbidity.

Methods:
Cases of inferior pedicle reduction mammaplasty performed at the breast unit, King Fahd Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, over the last 10 years were reviewed. Inclusion criteria were cases with significant macromastia in which the distance from the supra-sternal notch to the nipple was ≥ 40 cm.

Results:
There were 26 cases of inferior pedicle reduction mammaplasty done for significant macromastia. The average age was 34.56 years (range, 16–56 years). The average sternal notch to the nipple distance was 43.08 cm (range, 40–49 cm). The average amount of breast tissue removed from the right breast was 1,057.6 g (range, 495–2,450) and from the left breast was 959.4 g (range, 445–2,100). Postoperatively, 4/26 (15.4%) had ecchymosis, 9/26 (34.6%) developed T-junction sloughing, 2/26 (7.7%) had wound infection, and 1/26 (3.8%) had unilateral partial nipple-areola complex ischemia. In 7/26 (26.9%), scars were evident and revision was performed in 4/26 (15.4%) cases. Variable degrees of upper breast flattening and bottoming were seen in most cases; however, these variations were more profound in fatty breasts and longer pedicles. The average follow-up period was 26.04 months (range, 3–68 months). All patients were satisfied with the reduced breast heaviness, but only 19/26 (73.1%) were highly satisfied with the breast shape and scars.

Conclusions:
In cases of significant macromastia, inferior pedicle reduction mammaplasty is a safe procedure. Evident scars, upper breast flattening, and bottoming adversely affect the level of satisfaction.
Accuracy of Predicted Resection Weights in Breast Reduction Surgery
Authors: Kung Theodore A. , Ahmed Raouf , Kang Christine O. , Cederna Paul S. , Kozlow Jeffrey H. 
Published: June 2018

Background:
Many insurance carriers continue to deny coverage for reduction mammaplasty unless a minimum amount of resected breast tissue per breast is achieved during surgery. This study investigates the accuracy of preoperative prediction that a minimum weight of 500 g can be resected and evaluates potential risk factors for not meeting this insurance requirement.

Methods:
A retrospective review was performed on 445 patients with bilateral symptomatic macromastia who sought consultation for breast reduction surgery from 2007 to 2012. Women were included for analysis if they had documented predicted resection weights and underwent small-to-moderate breast reduction (< 1,000 g per side; n = 323). Relevant demographic information, mean predicted resection weight, and the mean actual resection weight were collected for analysis.

Results:
Surgeon prediction of resection weight being over 500 g had a positive predictive value of 73%. In 61 patients (19%), the predicted weights were ≥ 500 g, but the actual weights were < 500 g. Thirty percentage of these 61 patients did not meet either Schnur or minimum weight requirements. Women with a body mass index < 30 were at significantly increased odds (odds ratio, 3.76; 95% confidence interval, 1.89–7.48; P = 0.002) of not meeting the minimum weight requirement at surgery compared with patients with a body mass index ≥ 30.

Conclusions:
The common insurance criterion of removing ≥ 500 g per breast during breast reduction surgery are not met in a distinct cohort of women who are clinically appropriate candidates. This risk is particularly increased in nonobese women possibly due to proportionately smaller breast mass compared with obese women.
Peroneal Nerve Repair of a 9 Year Old: Return of Motor Function after 2 Years
Authors: Tessler Oren , Bourn Lynn , Kudji Jasmine , Tender Gabriel C. 
Published: June 2018

Summary:
Major factors that influence functional nerve recovery, postrepair, are length of the nerve defect, type of injury, operative technique, time until treatment, and age of the patient. We present a severe motor nerve defect in a complicated peroneal nerve injury in a 9-year-old that showed functional return after a delayed period of 23 months with sural nerve cable grafting. This case revealed the increased resiliency and regenerative capacity of motor end plates in young patients. In conclusion, autograft for a deep peroneal nerve repair, by means of sural nerve graft, proved to be an acceptable option in children.
Efficacy and Safety of Intravenous Meloxicam in Subjects with Moderate-to-severe Pain Following Abdominoplasty
Authors: Singla Neil , Bindewald Matthew , Singla Sonia , Leiman David , Minkowitz Harold , McCallum Stewart W. , Mack Randall J. , Keller Rosemary , Freyer Alex , Du Wei 
Published: June 2018

Background:
A nanocrystal intravenous (IV) formulation of meloxicam is being studied with the aim of providing postoperative analgesia.

Methods:
This randomized, multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial evaluated meloxicam IV 30 mg or placebo (≤ 3 doses) in 219 subjects undergoing abdominoplasty. The primary endpoint was the summed pain intensity difference over 24 hours postdose (SPID24).

Results:
Meloxicam IV–treated subjects had a statistically significant reduction in the least squares mean of SPID24 compared with placebo-treated subjects (−4,262.1 versus −3,535.7; P = 0.0145). Meloxicam IV was associated with statistically significant differences over placebo on several other secondary endpoints, including other SPID intervals (ie, SPID12, SPID48, and SPID24–48), achievement of perceptible pain relief, the proportion of subjects with a ≥ 30% improvement in the first 24 hours, and Patient Global Assessment of pain at hour 48. Meloxicam IV was also associated with a reduction in the number of subjects receiving opioid rescue medication during hours 24–48 and the total number of doses of opioid rescue analgesia. Meloxicam IV was generally well tolerated, with the numbers and frequencies of adverse events similar to that of the placebo group. There was no evidence of an increased risk of adverse events commonly associated with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs including bleeding, thrombotic, cardiovascular, renal, hepatic, cardiovascular, injection site, and wound healing events.

Conclusion:
Meloxicam IV provided sustained pain relief and generally was well tolerated in subjects with moderate-to-severe pain following abdominoplasty.