bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tracking Activity In a Deformable Nervous System With Motion Correction and Point-Set Registration
Authors: Lagache Thibault , Lansdell Benjamin , Tang Jerry , Yuste Rafael , Fairhall Adrienne 
Published: July 2018

ABSTRACTThe combination of fluorescent probes with time-lapse microscopy allows for the visualization of the entire neuronal activity of small animals, such as worms or cnidarians, over a long period of time. However, large deformations of the animal combined with the natural intermittency of neuronal activity make robust automated tracking of firing fluorescent neurons challenging. Here we present an hybrid approach where (i) a subset of very bright neurons is used as moving reference points (fiducials) to estimate the elastic deformation of the animal; (ii) deformation is frame-by-frame corrected, and firing neurons are aligned at each time with the initial mask; and (iii) point-set registration is used to robustly track the intermittent activity of all the immobilized neurons. We compare different registration strategies with manual tracking performed over ≈620 neurons over 100 time frames in the cnidarianHydra vulgaris.Index TermsFluorescence imaging, wavelet detection, tracking, point-set registration, elastic deformation, Thin Plate Spline (TPS) transform, Coherent Point Drift (CPD), Hydra.
Automated 3-D mapping of single neurons in the standard brain atlas using single brain slices
Authors: Song Jun Ho , Song You-Hyang , Kim Jae-Hyun , Choi Woochul , Lee Seung-Hee , Paik Se-Bum 
Published: July 2018

AbstractRecent breakthroughs in neuroanatomical tracing methods have helped unravel complicated neural connectivity in whole brain tissue at a single cellular resolution. However, analysis of brain images remains dependent on highly subjective manual processing. In the present study, we introduce AMaSiNe, a novel software for automated mapping of single neurons in the standard mouse brain atlas. The AMaSiNe automatically calibrates alignment angles of each brain slice to match the Allen Reference Atlas (ARA), locates labeled neurons from multiple brain samples in a common brain space, and achieves a standardized 3D-rendered brain. Due to the high fidelity and reliability of AMaSiNe, the retinotopic structures of neural projections to the primary visual cortex (VISp) were determined from single and dual injections of the rabies virus onto different visual areas. Our results demonstrate that distinct retinotopic organization of bottom-up and top-down projections could be precisely mapped using AMaSiNe.
The IκB-Protein BCL-3 Controls MAPK Activity by Promoting TPL-2 Degradation in the Nucleus
Authors: Collins Patricia E. , Somma Domenico , Kerrigan David , Herrington Felicity , Keeshan Karen R. , Nibbs Robert J. , Carmody Ruaidhrí J. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe ability of the innate immune system to distinguish between low level microbial presence and invasive pathogens is fundamental for immune homeostasis and immunity. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying threat discrimination by innate immune cells are not clearly defined. Here we describe the integration of the NF-ĸB and MAPK pathways in the nucleus by the IĸB protein BCL-3 and the MAP3K TPL-2. Our data reveals that TPL-2 is a nucleocytoplasmic shuttling protein and demonstrates that the nucleus is the primary site for TPL-2 ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation. BCL-3 promotes TPL-2 degradation through interaction in the nucleus. As a consequence, Bcl3-/- macrophages have increased TPL-2 stability and MAPK activity following TLR stimulation. The enhanced stability of TPL-2 in Bcl3-/- macrophages lowers the MAPK activation threshold and the level of TLR ligand required to initiate an inflammatory response. This study establishes the nucleus as a key regulatory site for TLR-induced MAPK activity and identifies BCL-3 as a regulator of the cellular decision to initiate inflammation
Association between activities outside work and presenteeism among Korean wage workers: using nationwide survey
Authors: Jung SungWon , Lee June-Hee , Lee Kyung-Jae 
Published: July 2018

AbstractIntroductionPresenteeism is a significant global health issue nowadays and can influence to producitivity loss. So, there were many studies to analyse relationship between workplace factor and presenteeism. But a few studies have considered non-occupational factor. The purpose of this study was to examine the association between presenteeism and activities outside work, such as, volunteering, self-development, leisure/sports, gardening & house repair activity, in Korean wage workers.MethodsThis study analysed the 4th Korean Working Condition Survey(KWCS) and overall 19,294 wage workers participated. To find the relationship between presenteeism and activities outside work, multivariate logistic regression analysis was used after adjusting for general and occupational characteristics.ResultsAmong self-development, leisure/sports and gardening & house repair activities significantly increased the odds ratio of presenteeism (Odds ratio[OR] =1.33, 95% confidence interval[CI]: 1.23-1.43, OR = 1.40, 95% CI: 1.29-1.51 and OR = 1.09, 95% CI: 1.01-1.18, respectively).ConclusionsSome of activities outside work were related to presenteeism in Korean wage workers. Although many of previous studies addressed positive effect of those activities for health, this study showed negative effect of activities oudside work for health. And we should consider Korean organizational culture for this reason and need more structural studies to find out specific factors.
A Chromosome-Scale Assembly of the En ormous (32 Gb) Axolotl Genome
Authors: Smith Jeramiah J. , Timoshevskaya Nataliya , Timoshevskiy Vladimir A. , Keinath Melissa C. , Hardy Drew , Voss S. Randal 
Published: July 2018

ABSTRACTThe axolotl (Ambystoma mexicanum) provides critical models for studying regeneration, evolution and development. However, its large genome (~32 gigabases) presents a formidable barrier to genetic analyses. Recent efforts have yielded genome assemblies consisting of thousands of unordered scaffolds that resolve gene structures, but do not yet permit large scale analyses of genome structure and function. We adapted an established mapping approach to leverage dense SNP typing information and for the first time assemble the axolotl genome into 14 chromosomes. Moreover, we used fluorescencein situhybridization to verify the structure of these 14 scaffolds and assign each to its corresponding physical chromosome. This new assembly covers 27.3 gigabases and encompasses 94% of annotated gene models on chromosomal scaffolds. We show the assembly’s utility by resolving genome-wide orthologies between the axolotl and other vertebrates, identifying the footprints of historical introgression events that occurred during the development of axolotl genetic stocks, and precisely mapping several phenotypes including a large deletion underlying thecardiacmutant. This chromosome-scale assembly will greatly facilitate studies of the axolotl in biological research.
Mother centrioles are dispensable for deuterosome formation and function during basal body amplification
Authors: Zhao Huijie , Chen Qingxia , Huang Qiongping , Yan Xiumin , Zhu Xueliang 
Published: July 2018

AbstractMammalian epithelial cells use a pair of mother centrioles (MCs) and numerous deuterosomes as platforms for efficient basal body assembly during multiciliogenesis. How deuterosomes form and function, however, remain controversial. They are proposed to either arise spontaneously followed by maturation into larger ones with increased procentriole-producing capacity or be assembled solely on the young MC, nucleate procentrioles under the MC’s guidance, and released as procentriole-occupied "halos". Here we show that both MCs are dispensable for deuterosome formation in multiciliate cells. In both mouse tracheal epithelial and ependymal cells (mTECs and mEPCs), discrete deuterosomes in the cytoplasm were initially procentriole-free and then grew into halos. More importantly, eliminating the young MC or both MCs in proliferating precursor cells through shRNA-mediated depletion of Plk4, a kinase essential to procentriole assembly, did not abolish deuterosome formation when these cells were induced to differentiate into mEPCs. The average deuterosome numbers per cell only reduced by 21% as compared to control mEPCs. Therefore, MC is not essential to the assembly of both deuterosomes and deuterosome-mediated procentrioles.
The RNA-binding proteins CELF1 and ELAVL1 cooperatively control RNA isoform production
Authors: David Géraldine , Reboutier David , Deschamps Stéphane , Méreau Agnès , Taylor William , Padilla-Parra Sergi , Tramier Marc , Audic Yann , Paillard Luc 
Published: July 2018

ABSTRACTELAVL1 and CELF1 are RNA-binding proteins that are involved in alternative splicing control. To explore their functional relationship, we looked for mRNAs that are differentially spliced following the depletion of CELF1, ELAVL1, or both. We found that these proteins control the usage of their target exons in the same direction. Double depletion has a greater effect than individual depletions, showing that CELF1 and ELAVL1 exert additive control. To confirm these results, we carried out RT-PCR on the alternative cassette exons of several mRNAs, including CD44, WNK1, PHACTR2, MICAL3, SPTBN1, and PPP3CB. Using FRET, we found that CELF1 and ELAVL1 directly interact in cell nuclei. We demonstrated that the combined levels of CELF1 and ELAVL1 are a valuable biomarker in several cancers, even when their individual levels may yield very limited information. CD44 alternative splicing probably accounts in part for the effects of CELF1 and ELAVL1 levels on patient survival. These data point to strong functional interactions between CELF1 and ELAVL1 in the control of mRNA isoform production, resulting in significant impacts on human pathology.
Occurrence of chemical contaminants in animal products during 1999–2016 in the Czech Republic
Authors: Tunegová Martina , Samková Eva , Hasoňová Lucie , Klimešová Marcela , Marková Aneta , Kala Robert , Toman Róbert 
Published: July 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the results of inspections carried out by the State Veterinary Administration (SVA) of Czech Republic (CR) for the occurrence of chemical contaminants in animal products before and after CR entered the European Union (EU).

Design/methodology/approach
Data was collected from e-databases of the SVA from 1999–2016 and sorted into categories (game animals and fish; livestock; food and raw material of animal origin) and time periods (one before entry and two after entry of CR to the EU). Analyses of the samples were categorized as “positive samples” (any presence of contaminants) and “samples above the MRL” (presence of contaminants exceeding the maximum residue levels).

Findings
Results showed a significant decrease in the number of positive findings of contaminants during the monitored years 1999–2016, especially after CR entered the EU. Most encouragingly, the number of samples that exceeded the MRL was less than 1 percent from all the tested samples of animal origin and, after entry to the EU, in one category (food and raw materials of animal origin) it was even less than 0.1 percent. Findings of banned substances indicate continued environmental contamination in CR; however, this remains a problem in most of Europe due to their extensive use in the past and slow degradation.

Originality/value
This paper provides an overview of the occurrence of chemical contaminants and their levels in food of animal origin in view of the changing legislative requirements before and after CR entered the EU.
Igniting students’ inner determination: the role of a need-supportive climate
Authors: Adams Curt , Khojasteh Jam 
Published: July 2018

PurposeSelf-determination theory was used to conceptualize a type of school climate that has consequences for the social, emotional and cognitive well-being of students. The purpose of this paper is to argue that a need-supportive climate emerges through a general pattern of interactions that students experience as supporting their psychological needs.Design/methodology/approachA hypothesized model was tested whereby the latent need-supportive climate variable was predicted to work through identification with school to influence student grit.Ex postfacto data were collected during the 2015–2016 school year from a random sample of students in either the 5th, 8th, or 11th grades in 71 schools located in a southwestern city in the USA. A total of 3,233 students received surveys. Of these students, the authors received useable responses from 2,587 students for a response rate of 80 percent.FindingsFindings support the hypothesis that autonomy-support, competence-support and relational-support are integrated and combine to shape experiences that align with student psychological needs. Additionally, students who experienced a need-supportive climate were also more likely to identify with school and expressed higher grit toward academic pursuits.Originality/valueA need-supportive climate adds meaning to more general characterizations of school life (e.g. healthy, supportive, open, etc.) and it affords a theoretically derived explanation for how the social side of schools nurtures the inner determination of students to excel.
Commentary on “Developing a logic model to guide evaluation of impact for learning disability projects: the case of the Positive Behavioural Support (PBS) Academy”
Authors: MacDonald Anne 
Published: July 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to provide a commentary on some of the issues raised in the paper “Developing a logic model to guide evaluation of impact for learning disability projects: the case of the Positive Behavioural Support (PBS) Academy”.

Design/methodology/approach
Drawing on the PBS literature and with reference to the Scott et al. paper, the use of a logic model as a framework for implementing PBS within social care organisations is described.

Findings
A logic model may be a useful framework for the implementation of PBS within social care organisations and could be used to help organisations develop a strategic approach to whole-system implementation of PBS.

Originality/value
This commentary adds to the discussion by considering the use of a logic model as a framework for implementing PBS within social care organisations.
Inhibition of the voltage‐dependent K+ current by the class Ic antiarrhythmic drug flecainide in rabbit coronary arterial smooth muscle cells
Authors: An Jin Ryeol , Kim Hye Won , Li Hongliang , Seo Mi Seon , Jung Won‐Kyo , Ha Kwon‐Soo , Han Eun‐Taek , Hong Seok‐Ho , Firth Amy L. , Choi Il‐Whan , Park Won Sun 
Published: July 2018

SummaryThis study examined the inhibitory effect of flecainide, a class 1c antiarrhythmic agent (Na+ channel blocker), on voltage‐dependent K+ (Kv) channels in smooth muscle cells isolated from coronary arteries. Flecainide decreased the vascular Kv channel current in a dose‐dependent manner with an IC50 value of 5.90 ± 0.87 μmol/L and a Hill coefficient of 0.77 ± 0.06. Although the steady‐state activation curve was not affected by flecainide, it shifted the steady‐state inactivation curves toward a more negative potential. Application of train pulses such as 1 or 2 Hz did not change the flecainide‐induced inhibition of Kv channels, indicating that the inhibitory effect of flecainide was not use‐dependent. Using perforated‐patch clamp experiments, we found that inhibition of Kv channels by flecainide caused membrane depolarization. Together, these results suggest that flecainide inhibits Kv channels in a concentration‐dependent, but not use‐dependent manner by changing the inactivation gating properties. Furthermore, Kv channel inhibition by flecainide occurs regardless of Na+ channel inhibition.
Low‐dose Magnesium Sulfate Versus High Dose in the Early Management of Rapid Atrial Fibrillation: Randomized Controlled Double‐blind Study (LOMAGHI Study)
Authors: Bouida Wahid , Beltaief Kaouthar , Msolli Mohamed Amine , Azaiez Noussaiba , Ben Soltane Houda , Sekma Adel , Trabelsi Imen , Boubaker Hamdi , Grissa Mohamed Habib , Methemem Mehdi , Boukef Riadh , Dridi Zohra , Belguith Asma , Nouira Semir 
Published: July 2018

AbstractObjectivesWe aim to determine the benefit of two different doses magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) compared to placebo in rate control of rapid atrial fibrillation (AF) managed in the emergency department (ED).MethodsWe undertook a randomized, controlled, double‐blind clinical trial in three university hospital EDs between August 2009 and December 2014. Patients > 18 years with rapid AF (>120 beats/min) were enrolled and randomized to 9 g of intravenous MgSO4 (high‐dose group, n = 153), 4.5 g of intravenous MgSO4 (low‐dose group, n = 148), or serum saline infusion (placebo group, n = 149), given in addition to atrioventricular (AV) nodal blocking agents. The primary outcome was the reduction of baseline ventricular rate (VR) to 90 beats/min or less or reduction of VR by 20% or greater from baseline (therapeutic response). Secondary outcome included resolution time (defined as the elapsed time from start of treatment to therapeutic response), sinus rhythm conversion rate, and adverse events within the first 24 hours.ResultsAt 4 hours, therapeutic response rate was higher in low‐ and high‐MgSO4 groups compared to placebo group; the absolute differences were, respectively, 20.5% (risk ratio [RR] = 2.31, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.45–3.69) and +15.8% (RR = 1.89, 95% CI = 1.20–2.99). At 24 hours, compared to placebo group, therapeutic response difference was +14.1% (RR = 9.74, 95% CI = 2.87–17.05) with low‐dose MgSO4 and +10.3% (RR = 3.22, 95% CI = 1.45–7.17) with high‐dose MgSO4. The lowest resolution time was observed in the low‐dose MgSO4 group (5.2 ± 2 hours) compared to 6.1 ± 1.9 hours in the high‐dose MgSO4 group and 8.4 ± 2.5 hours in the placebo group. Rhythm control rate at 24 hours was significantly higher in the low‐dose MgSO4 group (22.9%) compared to the high‐dose MgSO4 group (13.0%, p = 0.03) and the placebo group (10.7%). Adverse effects were minor and significantly more frequent with high‐dose MgSO4.ConclusionsIntravenous MgSO4 appears to have a synergistic effect when combined with other AV nodal blockers resulting in improved rate control. Similar efficacy was observed with 4.5 and 9 g of MgSO4 but a dose of 9 g was associated with more side effects.
Structure and robustness of an epiphyte–phorophyte commensalistic network in a neotropical inselberg
Authors: Francisco Talitha M. , Couto Dayvid R. , Evans Darren M. , Garbin Mário L. , Ruiz‐Miranda Carlos R. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractEcological networks describe the interactions between species, the underlying structure of communities, the function and stability of ecosystems. To date, network analyses have been extensively applied to understand mutualistic and antagonistic interactions, but few have examined commensal interactions, particularly in neotropical regions. The inselbergs of southeastern Brazil are considered one of the three most important regions in the world in terms of terrestrial species diversity and endemism but are poorly studied. In this study, we constructed the first epiphyte–phorophyte commensalistic network in a Brazilian inselberg and examined its structure and robustness to simulated species loss. A total of 138 phorophyte individuals belonging to eight species were observed in 20 2 m × 50 m transects, interacting with 5039 individuals of vascular epiphytes belonging to 85 species. The epiphyte–phorophyte network structure exhibited a low degree of specialization (), low connectance and robustness; when the most connected phorophyte species were sequentially removed the number of secondary extinctions was high, based on robustness metrics. One generalist phorophyte, Pseudobombax sp. nov., was particularly important, hosting a high number of epiphyte species. A single phorophyte individual of Pseudobombax supported 46% of the total richness of the epiphyte community studied. Our results demonstrate that the richness and abundance of epiphytes were correlated with phorophyte size (as measured by the diameter at breast height (DBH)), probably due to increased habitat area and the time available for colonization. We conclude that phorophyte size and species identity are important factors for predicting the structure of epiphyte–phorophyte interaction networks. We discuss the conservation implications of phorophyte loss and secondary extinctions of epiphytes in Atlantic Forest inselbergs.
Nonmedical benzodiazepine use in adults with alcohol use disorder: The role of anxiety sensitivity and polysubstance use
Authors: McHugh R. Kathryn , Geyer Rachel , Karakula Sterling , Griffin Margaret L. , Weiss Roger D. 
Published: July 2018

Background and ObjectivesThe nonmedical use of benzodiazepines—defined as use without a prescription or at a dose or frequency higher than prescribed—is increasing among adults in substance use disorder treatment and is associated with risk for overdose. The aim of the current study was to characterize the prevalence of nonmedical benzodiazepine use among adults seeking treatment for alcohol use disorder and to examine whether nonmedical benzodiazepine use was associated with: (1) polysubstance use and (2) greater anxiety sensitivity.MethodsA sample of 461 treatment‐seeking adults with alcohol use disorder who were recruited for a cross‐sectional study were included in this analysis.ResultsA total of 89 participants (19%) reported nonmedical benzodiazepine use in the previous 30 days. Results of a logistic regression indicated that polysubstance use (number of substances used in the past month) was associated with nonmedical benzodiazepine use. The association between anxiety sensitivity and nonmedical benzodiazepine misuse was moderated by gender; anxiety sensitivity was associated with benzodiazepine use among women, but not men.Discussion and ConclusionsThese results replicate findings from research on opioid use disorder suggesting that anxiety sensitivity is associated with nonmedical benzodiazepine use in women and not men.Scientific SignificanceTargeted intervention to those with polysubstance use—including education on overdose risk when benzodiazepines are combined with other substances—is indicated in men and women with alcohol use disorder. Anxiety sensitivity may be a potential therapeutic target to reduce nonmedical benzodiazepine use among women with alcohol use disorder. (Am J Addict 2018;27:485–490)