bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Beyond the Decade: Unveiling Long-Term Weight and Co- Morbidity Outcomes up to 10 Years Post Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy
Authors: Sabah Salman Al , Haddad Eliana Al , Qadhi Iman , AlMuhaini Muneerah , AlAwtan Abrar , AlQabandi Omar A. , AlKhayat Ali , Saleem Ammar F. , Behbehani Mousa 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Despite its effectiveness, long-term data on the safety and efficacy of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) for morbid obesity are sparce.
Methods
We collected data through phone interviews and hospital records for patients who had LSG, assessing their weight outcomes, associated health conditions, and complications.
Results
2982 patients (72% female) were included in the study, with a maximum follow-up reached of 13 years. The mean pre-operative age and body mass index (BMI) were 34.7 ± 11.3 years and 45.5 ± 7.7 kg/m2, respectively. The prevalence of obesity classes were as follows: Class I, 3.1%; Class II, 19.2%; and Class III, 75.9%. BMI at nadir was 32.35 Kg/m2 equating to a mean nadir excess weight loss (EWL) of 67.03%. Weight outcomes at 13 years post-LSG showed a mean BMI of 31.83 kg/m2 and total weight loss (TWL) percentage of 31.43%. Weight loss outcomes varied according to pre-operative obesity class, with class I achieving the highest percentage EWL and class III observing the highest TWL at the end of one year. Weight regain occurred in 1.3% of the patient population, with class III experiencing the highest weight regain at 13 years. Significant reductions in comorbidities were observed, while complication rates were low, with 0.4% bleed, 0.5% leak, and 7.9% GERD.
Conclusion
LSG demonstrates sustained weight loss and resolution of comorbidities with low complication rates. The influence of initial obesity class on weight loss was significant only in the first 18 months post-LSG.
Is pre-hospital hemoglobin an efficient marker of the need for transfusion and hemorrhagic shock in severe trauma patients? A retrospective observational study
Authors: Mathais Quentin , Dufour Mael , de Malleray Hilaire , Bonnefoy Manon , Bruno Laura , Meaudres Eric , Bordes Julien , Cardinale Michaël 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background Hemorrhagic shock is the leading cause of preventable death among trauma patients. Early detection of severe hemorrhage is essential for initiating timely resuscitation and mobilizing resources for massive transfusion (MT) protocols and damage control procedures. This study aimed to assess the predictive value of prehospital hemoglobin (Hb) levels for the need for transfusion at admission, the presence of hemorrhagic shock (HS), and the necessity for MT or hemostatic surgery. Additionally, the study sought to compare the diagnostic accuracy of Hb with established multiparametric scores such as TASH, ABC, Red Flag, and Shock Index (SI).Methods This retrospective, single-center study was conducted at the Military Teaching Hospital (HIA) Sainte Anne, Toulon, France, a Level 1 trauma center, from January 1, 2015, to December 31, 2022. Trauma patients older than 16 years, with an Injury Severity Score (ISS) ≥ 15, and at least one prehospital Hb measurement were included. The primary outcome was the predictive ability of Hb for the need for transfusion at admission. Secondary outcomes included the prediction of HS, MT, and hemostatic surgery, compared to TASH, ABC, Red Flag, and SI scores.Results Among 2731 trauma patients, 1040 had an ISS ≥ 15 and at least one prehospital Hb measurement. Of these, 227 (21.8%) exhibited HS. Hb levels predicted the need for transfusion at admission with an AUC of 0.82. Hb, along with TASH, ABC, Red Flag, and SI, significantly predicted HS, MT, and hemostatic surgery. Using a cutoff value of 11.45 g/dL, Hb predicted the need for transfusion in 79% of cases.Conclusion Prehospital Hb levels are as effective as established multiparametric scores in predicting the need for transfusion, HS, MT, and hemostatic surgery. Due to its simplicity and practicality, Hb can serve as an alternative to complex scoring systems in prehospital settings, potentially improving triage and treatment outcomes in civilian and military trauma care.
Exploring physical activity in Transition Care Programs: Insights from service users and care providers- A mixed methods study
Authors: Gough Claire , Baker Nicky , Barr Christopher , Lewis Lucy K , Burdon Amanda , George Stacey 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Hospital admissions often lead to reduced activity levels in older individuals, making the transition home difficult. There is limited evidence on the activity levels of individuals receiving transition care and how physical activity is embedded into care. This study explores physical activity levels of service users during and following transition care and gathers perspectives from service users and care providers.
Methods
Accelerometry data were recorded at the start, end, and four weeks after transition care for eight service users, alongside measures of quality of life, loneliness, and mobility. Qualitative interviews captured service users’ experiences of returning home with transition care and their activity levels, while care providers discussed how physical activity is embedded into transition care and suggested improvements.
Results
Transition care services appear to increase activity levels, mobility, and quality of life of service users. However, users remained largely sedentary, spending 87% of each day inactive. Many felt overwhelmed and struggled to resume previous activities. Care providers emphasised the need for better education throughout the transition process.
Conclusions
While transition care services may increase physical activity levels, further interventions are needed to support older adults to increase and maintain physical activity levels after hospital discharge.
Trial registration
This research was retrospectively registered with The Open Science Framework (https://osf.io/fmv9p/)
Finite element modelling of cobalt base/molybdenum/chromium/silicon coating on pipeline steel substrates and a deepwater rigid jumper
Authors: Ruben Cuamatzi-Meléndez , Fernando Juárez-López , Apolinar Albiter-Hernández , Enrique Flores-Cuamatzi 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

This work presents the finite element modelling of a deepwater rigid jumper with cobalt-base/chromium/molybdenum/silicon, superalloys internal coating, and a coating-steel pipeline substrate. The objective of the coating is to protect a deepwater jumper steel against the corrosion caused by high content of H2S and CO2 in the oil and gas flow. Experimentally, cobalt-base/chromium/molybdenum/silicon coatings were developed, on substrates of pipeline steel, by a flame thermal spray process, and the properties of the coatings were analyzed. The mechanical properties of the coating were incorporated in the finite element models, and the elastic and plastic stress-strain material response of the jumper and cobalt-base/chromium/molybdenum/silicon coating were incorporated, with the aim to study the structural response of the coating under bending loads. Afterwards, the finite element model of the rigid jumper, with the internal coating, was subjected to hydrostatic and internal pressure representative of a deepwater oil and gas field. The obtained stresses in the coating were below the permissible stress limit, defined by international standards. At the coating-jumper interface, the stresses were also below the permissible stress limit, which means that the coating will remain attached to the jumper under the defined operational conditions. The results also showed that the developed finite element modelling strategy was able to reproduce the true stress-strain curves of the coating and jumper steel materials, which accurately reflected the results of the present finite element modelling.
Exploring the interactome of the Staphylococcus aureus sRNA Srn_9342 identified a complex formation with RNAIII leading to the modulation of δ-hemolysin expression
Authors: Bronsard Julie , Silard Chloé , Legros Julie , Hallier Marc , Augagneur Yoann 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Staphylococcus aureus is a major pathogen responsible for a variety of infections. It expresses a wide range of factors to precisely coordinate gene expression in response to the ever-changing conditions. Among them, regulatory RNAs appear as key players of post-transcriptional and translational regulations. Here, we investigated the role of Srn_9342, a sRNA candidate previously identified in a cluster of five srna genes in Newman strain.
Results
We showed that Srn_9342 is expressed under two isoforms of different lengths (Srn_9342S and Srn_9342L) whose transcript levels are divergent as a function of growth phase with Srn_9342S being expressed at low cell-density, then being substituted by Srn_9342L at high cell-density. Using MAPS, we search for RNA molecular partners of both Srn_9342S and Srn_9342L. Interestingly, we found that Srn_9342S was mainly bound to sRNAs whereas the expression of Srn_9342L led to the enrichment of mRNAs often linked with transport and metabolism. Among the sRNAs identified, the master regulator of virulence RNAIII appeared as an attractive partner. Using various constructs, we showed that the 5’ end Srn_9342 specifically binds the 3’ end RNAIII with high affinity in vitro. Finally, we report that the deletion of srn_9342 modulates the expression of the RNAIII encoded toxin δ-hemolysin, suggesting that the binding of Srn_9342 onto RNAIII may induce structural changes of RNAIII, and hence translation of the toxin.
Conclusions
Overall, we showed that Srn_9342 has an unusual pattern of expression and that uncovering its targetome suggests a potential role in S. aureus virulence.
Modified Algerian Montmorillonite Clay-Stabilized Pickering Miniemulsion for Hybrid Nanocomposite Elaboration
Authors: Khadidja KRADRA Brahma , SARDI Amina , BENNABI Souad , ROGALSKI Marek 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

The object of this research was to create hybrid nanoparticles from two monomers, butylacrylate (BA) and methyl methacrylate (MMA), using miniemulsion polymerization with Algerian montmorillonite (MMT-HTA+) and different surfactants, such as the mixed surfactant system (C5F11(EO)10/DDAB), undecafluoro (oxethylene) n-pentyldeca ether (C5F11(EO)10), and cationic didodecyldimethyldilammoniumbromide (DDAB). In addition, not much research has been done on Algerian montmorillonite, particularly with regard to its potential of creating exfoliated, hybrid nanoparticles. Several polymerization reaction parameters were optimized in this study, leading to the after results: a) an organophile MMT was successfully obtained by modifying the raw MMT through a two-stage reaction, and its structure was verified by X-Ray diffraction (XRD) analysis; b) the best cationic surfactant for stabilizing hybrid nanoparticles in MMA-co BA miniemulsion was DDAB. The most stable nanoparticles, which are typical of exfoliated nanocomposites, were formed with 0.5% of MMT-HTA+; the higher the percentage of clay, the less stable the miniemulsions and the higher their polydispersity. The effective use of n-hexadecane (HD) in stabilizing particles in miniemulsion is shown by the 50% size decrease observed with the addition of 2% of this molecule.
LMATDet:Lightweight Multi-scale Aerial TargetDetection with attention and efficient loss
Authors: Zhao Yuqing 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Aerial image-based target detection presents challenges such as low accuracy in multiscale target detection, slow detection speed, missed detections, and false positives. To address these issues, this paper proposes a novel aerial target detection algorithm, LMATDet (Lightweight Multi-scale Aerial Target Detection with attention and efficient loss), specifically designed for multiscale object detection in aerial images. First, the introduction of the Box-Attention mechanism enables the network to effectively focus on relevant target features while reducing interference from irrelevant information, thus improving detection accuracy in complex scenarios. Second, the proposed algorithm incorporates a lightweight network architecture, LMATNet, utilizing DO-Conv in place of conventional convolutional layers. This substitution accelerates convergence, reduces network complexity,and enhances detection speed, with the model size reduced to just 36.45 MB. Additionally, the Focal-EIOU loss function, tailored for multiscale object detection, is employed for boundary regression. This approach not only mitigates overfitting but also significantly reduces both false positives and missed detections.The proposed method is validated using three benchmark aerial datasets:RSOD, NWPU VHR-10, and VisDrone. The achieved mean average precision(mAP) values are 94.98%, 95.43%, and 42.71%, respectively. The results demonstrate that LMATDet not only offers robust performance for multiscale target detection but also reduces missed detections while improving both robustness and generalization capability. Compared to other state-of-the-art algorithms,LMATDet exhibits significantly enhanced detection accuracy, thereby proving its superiority and versatility in aerial target detection.
Advanced Electrochemical Fabrication of Bimetallic Alloy Anchored Flexible Catalysts for Efficient Hydrogen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Ersozoglu M. Giray , Gursu Hurmus , Sarac A. Sezai , Sahin Yucel 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Recently, nickel-cobalt/graphene-based hybrid electrocatalysts have gained significant attention for their use in hydrogen evolution reactions (HER). In this study, we report a facile electrochemical synthesis route for cobalt (Co) and nickel (Ni) doped/anchored graphene-like carbon fiber electrocatalysts, achieved in a single step using Yucel's method. The spectroscopic, morphological, and crystallographic structures of the Ni-Co alloys were analyzed in solutions containing various molar ratios of Ni:Co. The Ni-Co doped/anchored graphene-like carbon fiber electrocatalysts exhibited significantly enhanced electrocatalytic activity for HER compared to single metallic doped Ni and Co electrocatalysts. Notably, the Ni-Co@GrF2 electrocatalyst demonstrated the smallest Tafel slope 42 mV dec-1, which is comparable to the electrocatalytic activity of platinum..
Aircraft Range Fuel Consumption Prediction Using CNN- LSTM Enhanced by CEEMDAN and Improved Arctic Puffin Optimization Algorithm
Authors: Tang Weizhen , Dai Jie , Liu Bo , Hu Wenhai , Gong Ke , Fan Yijie 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

To effectively predict the fuel consumption of civil aviation aircraft during their flight routes, enhance fuel economy, and promote energy conservation and emission reduction, we propose a hybrid model that combines adaptive noise complete empirical mode decomposition (CEEMDAN) with an improved arctic puffin optimization (IAPO) algorithm optimized convolutional long short-term memory neural network (CNN-LSTM). Initially, the Pearson coefficient is employed for correlation analysis to reduce the nine-dimensional factors influencing aircraft fuel consumption, transforming them into five principal components. Subsequently, CEEMDAN is utilized to decompose the original fuel consumption data, yielding more regular subsequences. Subsequently, the convolutional neural network (CNN) efficiently extracts data features, which are then input into the LSTM network. Furthermore, utilizing the SPM chaotic map strategy for population initialization. The introduction of the golden sine operator mutation strategy enhances the local search capability of the algorithm, while the adaptive dive switching strategy adjusts the search intensity, significantly improving the global search performance and convergence speed of the Arctic Puffin optimization algorithm. Ultimately, the multi-strategy improved Arctic Puffin Optimization algorithm is utilized to adaptively optimize the hyperparameters of the CNN-LSTM model, allowing for the superimposition of each subsequence to yield the final prediction result. Simulation results indicate that the CEEMDAN-IAPO-CNN-LSTM model outperforms other comparative models in terms of prediction accuracy and exhibits lower prediction error. This model presents a novel and efficient method for predicting fuel consumption in airlines, offering valuable insights for reducing aircraft fuel consumption.
Clinical outcomes of early neonatal sepsis and associated factors in Debre- Tabor comprehensive specialized hospital in Amhara region, Ethiopia
Authors: Azanaw Kefyalew Amogne , Getu Bisrat Dessie , Shiferaw Sahlu Mitku , Shiferaw Dessie Aleminew 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background: Globally, early neonatal sepsis is one of the foremost reasons for exaggerated death and illness of neonates. It is also one of the most common causes of neonatal death in Ethiopia. Despite few studies related to clinical outcomes of early neonatal sepsis, there are inconsistencies among findings. Identification of risk factors and early initiation of therapy can significantly reduce the burden of neonatal illness and death.
Objective:The objective of this study was to assess the clinical outcomes of early neonatal sepsis and associated risk factors among neonates visited Debre-Tabor comprehensive specialized hospital in Amhara region in Ethiopia, 2024.
Method:Retrospective-cross-sectional study was employed. The data was collected from the NICU department registration book of Debre-Tabor comprehensive specialized hospital. A systematic random sampling technique was employed among 396 study participants using a well-organized check list. The data entry and analysis were conducted by using SPSS version 21. Descriptive statistics was computed. A binary logistic regression model was used. Adjusted Odds ratio (AOR) with 95% CI was used to measure the strength of association between explanatory variables and the outcome variables. Finally, a p-value of < 0.05 was considered as a statistically significant risk factor for early neonatal sepsis at a 95% confidence interval.
Result: from 396 study participants 276(69.7% (95% CI=64.4%-74.2%) of neonate had good clinical outcome of early neonatal sepsis. In multivariable analysis absence of birth injury (AOR=2.00, 95%CI: 1.13, 3.54), gestational age greater than 42 weeks (AOR=3.27, 95%CI: 1.75, 6.09), absence of respiratory distress (AOR=5.56, 95%CI: 3.39, 9.19), and institutional delivery (AOR=3.16, 95%CI: 11.73, 5.79) were significantly associated with clinical outcomes of early neonatal sepsis.
Conclusion and recommendation: In this finding a good clinical outcome of early neonatal sepsis has been reported. Further research is needed to understand the complex interplay of these factors and their implications for neonatal care.
VR Environment of Digital Design Laboratory: A Usability Study
Authors: Alnuaimi Mariam Ali , Awad Mamoun 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Virtual Reality (VR) offers an immersive learning environment with the potential to revolutionize how students engage with complex topics and interact with their classes. This paper presents a usability study of our proposed educational VR application designed for the Digital Design & Computer Organization lab. We conducted a usability study with a wide range of students from different colleges, evaluating their performance on tasks within the VR environment and collecting their feedback on the application's design, functionality, and ease of usage. By analyzing quantitative data (task completion rates, time spent) and qualitative feedback (surveys, observations), this study identified potential usability issues and recommended improvements to enhance the learning experience within the VR application. The usability study showed that the majority of students found that the VR application immersive, engaging, and viewed their experience as helpful to better understand complex concepts.
Experimental Investigation on Surface Hardness of Shot Peened Laser Welded Super Austenite Stainless Steel/hastelloy C2000 Dissimilar Joints
Authors: A Thamarai Selvan , R Sarath Krishna , R Sathish , D Vijayakumar , P Veeramanikandan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

The surface hardness of shot peened processed dissimilar joints of Super austenite stainless steel (SASS) and Hastelloy C2000 was analyzed by the laser beam welding (LBW). The proposed materials have promising role in marine, aerospace, piping and chemical industries. In this research, dissimilar joints of above said two materials were made by LBW after low pressure shot peening (LPSP) performed at the fusion zone (FZ) and the heat affected zone (HAZ). The microstructures and surface morphology were analyzed using Optical Microscopy (OM), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX). Alpha and secondary phases generated at FZ and HAZ are identified in the X-ray diffraction (XRD) results. In FZ and HAZ, the high heat input damaged the α'- austenite phases, where the α phase and S phase were transformed into the α'-martensite phase and notable twin boundaries. Grain boundary growth was found on the outer and mid-surface layers of the weldments by compressive residual stress analysis. No cracks or flaws were found in the crystal structure. The hardness of the weldments was enhanced by the LPSP technique applied in both FZ and HAZ.
Activation of mGluR2/3 by LY379268 alleviates PTSD fear memories by down-regulating the CaMKII/CREB signaling pathway in the amygdala
Authors: Li Rui , Li Yu , Liu Lifen , Liu Shiqi , Sang Haohan , Lan Jiajun , Fang Xiangyu , Zhang Enqi , Fu Cong , Sun Hongwei , Sun Lin 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
People with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have recurrent memory flashbacks of traumatic events, leading to severe symptoms of anxiety and even phobias. Targeted drug staging interventions may eliminate or alleviate fear memory. The metabotropic glutamate receptor II (mGluR2/3) agonist LY379268 has been shown to reverse memory deficits; however, whether it can treat fear memory in PTSD during the consolidation period remains unclear.
Methods
Single prolonged stress and contextual fear conditioning (SPS&CFC) rat models were established. LY379268 was administered at varying concentrations (2, 6, and 12 µM) into the lateral ventricles during the consolidation period of fear memory. PTSD-like symptoms were assessed using the open-field, elevated plus-maze, and freezing behavior tests. Western blotting and immunofluorescence analyses were conducted to determine the phosphorylated levels of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (P-CaMKII), extracellular signal-regulated kinase (P-ERK), and cyclic-AMP responsive element binding (P-CREB) proteins in the amygdala (AMY) region. Transmission electron microscopy was used to observe the synaptic ultrastructure changes in the AMY.
Results
Rats in the SPS&CFC group had increased levels of P-CaMKII, P-ERK, and P-CREB and damaged synaptic morphology in the AMY. Following the injection of 6 µM LY379268, improved exploration and freeze behaviors, reduced levels of AMY, and remodeling of the synaptic ultrastructure were observed. Administration of 12 µM LY379268 improved the anxiety and freeze behaviors and increased autonomous exploration in PTSD rats.
Conclusion
LY379268 administration may reduce fear memory in PTSD rats by regulating the CaMKII/CREB signaling pathway via mGluR2/3 activation within the AMY. Our results provide a promising target for alleviating fear memory in PTSD during the consolidation phase.