bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Maximality, Function, and the Many
Authors: Francescotti Robert 
Published: September 2019

AbstractIn the region where some cat sits, there are many very cat-like items that are proper parts of the cat (or otherwise mereologically overlap the cat), but which we are inclined to think are not themselves cats, e.g. all of Tibbles minus the tail. The question is, how can something be so cat-like without itself being a cat. Some have tried to answer this “Problem of the Many” (a problem that arises for many different kinds of things we regularly encounter, including desks, persons, rocks, and clouds) by relying on a mereological maximality principle, according to which, something cannot be a member of a kind K if it is a large proper part of, or otherwise greatly mereologically overlaps, a K. It has been shown, however, that a maximality constraint of this type, i.e. one that restricts mereological overlap, is open to strong objections. Inspired by the insights of, especially, Sutton and Madden, I develop a type offunctional-maximality principle that avoids these objections (and has other merits), and thereby provides a better answer to the Problem of the Many.
A local discursive dimension in a specific historical context: Students’ narratives of police experiences during South Africa’s #FeesMustFall protests
Authors: Mafofo Lynn , Makoni Sinfree 
Published: September 2019

AbstractMost studies on campus and private policing take on political, anthropological, sociological, and criminological perspectives. Although there were investigations on policing in South Africa during apartheid, scant research has focused on how students in South African higher education (SAHE) relate their experiences of campus policing. Due to recent unrest on SAHE campuses and radical changes that include the militarization of police forces, examining how students perceive the legitimacy and integrity of campus policing is vital. As such, this paper presents a discourse analysis focused on descriptions of students’ campus experiences in the aftermath of the #FeesMustFall (#FMF) protests. Combining critical discourse analysis (CDA) with systemic functional linguistics, through transitivity, it offers insight into the ideological power struggles between students and police. It shows the types of voices students reveal as an aggrieved group in the hope of identifying non-aggressive approaches to address emotionally charged events (such as protests). Adding transitivity analysis to CDA provides a solid framework for decoding radical meanings at the peak of chaotic situations in which social change in post-apartheid South Africa can be facilitated by understanding marginalized groups.
GeSe nanosheets modified surface plasmon resonance sensors for enhancing sensitivity
Authors: Zhao Yuting , Gan Shuaiwen , Wu Leiming , Zhu Jiaqi , Xiang Yuanjiang , Dai Xiaoyu 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Germanium selenide (GeSe) nanosheets are stable and inexpensive and considered to have a great potential for photovoltaic applications, however we have demonstrated that GeSe nanosheets are also promising for sensing technology, in this paper. By spin-coating the GeSe nanosheets on the surface of noble metal (Au), we have obtained a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor with significantly enhanced sensitivity, and the performance of the sensor is closely related to the thickness of the GeSe film. By detecting different refractive index solutions, we have obtained the optimized sensitivity with 3581.2 nm/RIU (which is nearly 80% improvement compared to traditional SPR sensors) and figure of merit with 14.37 RIU−1. Moreover, the proposed SPR sensor was vastly superior in sensing Pb2+ heavy metal ions after coating it with chitosan and GeSe composite. A maximum sensitivity of 30.38 nm/μg/l has been verified, which is nearly six times better than that of conventional SPR sensor. Our results demonstrated that GeSe nanosheets overlayer with modified SPR sensor has its great potential in heavy metal detection and chemical-specific molecular identification.
Chloroform desorption from poly(lactic acid) nanocomposites: a thermal desorption spectroscopy study
Authors: Checchetto Riccardo , Rigotti Daniele , Pegoretti Alessandro , Miotello Antonio 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Biopolymer nanocomposites were prepared by solvent casting dispersing lauryl-functionalized cellulose nano-fibrils (CNF) in a poly(lactic acid) matrix (PLA). The release of residual chloroform (CHCl3) solvent molecules was studied by Thermal Desorption Spectroscopy (TDS) analysis. TDS spectra of the PLA matrix show a single desorption peak at T
P

= 393 K with FWHM ~10 K, compatible with a zero-order desorption kinetics. This narrow TDS peak was accurately reproduced assuming that: (i) the rate limiting step is given by the CHCl3 de-trapping from sites in the PLA matrix where residual solvent molecules form small aggregates and (ii) the activation energy for desorption linearly decreases from 1.19 eV for saturated traps to 1.11 eV when the traps occupancy by solvent molecules approaches zero. The balance energy term ϵ
D

= −0.08 eV is due to the attractive interactions between trapped CHCl3 molecules. Adding CNF particles to the PLA matrix the zero-order peak shifts to lower temperatures and a second peak with FWHM ~60 K appears at higher temperatures. This second peak is compatible with a first-order desorption kinetics and is attributed to the release of dispersed CHCl3 molecules from trapping sites in PLA-CNF interface region. The obtained information are of interest for applications in food and electronic packaging and for the development of medical materials.
The Touch and Taste of War in Latin Battle Narrative
Authors: Ambühl Annemarie 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Latin battle narratives exhibit visual, auditory, and even olfactory phenomena: swords glint, steel clangs, and the stench of blood permeates battlefields. These manifestations of multisensoriality are often implicit, as exemplified by the prominence of the ‘gaze’ in epic poetry. This article focuses on the two other senses, which have received less scholarly attention in discussions of battle narrative: touch and taste. In the former category are expressions such as ‘biting the dust’ (Hom. Il. 2.418) along with depictions of cannibalism in epic and historiographic texts. In the latter category are experiences such as Jocasta’s breast being scratched by Polynices’ armour (Stat. Theb. 7), along with a pervasive discourse on the ‘roughness’ of war and the ‘handling’ of casualties in aftermath episodes; these conceptual metaphors generate ‘partial altermedial illusions’ by enhancing, but not replacing, the primary medium of the literary text which they inhabit. As this chapter highlights, therefore, appeals to sensory perception are ambivalent in character: on the one hand, they facilitate audience engagement with the text via immersion, enactivism, and embodiment, but on the other hand they alienate readers by underscoring the fundamental ‘untellability’ of war.
Production of iron oxide and nickel oxide nanostructural particles, investigation of the supercapacitor and photocatalytic properties
Authors: Kerli Süleyman , Soğuksu Ali Kemal 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
In this study, iron oxide, nickel oxide, and nickel-iron oxide nanostructured particles were produced by the hydrothermal method. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and SEM measurements were performed to investigate the physical properties of these nanostructured particles. According to the XRD results, the crystal properties of these particles were determined. From the SEM images, these particles understood to be nano-structured. The electrodes were examined for electrochemical properties by using these nanostructured particles. Electrochemical measurements of the produced electrodes were performed, and capacitance values and impedance spectra of the electrodes were determined. The specific capacitance values of the iron oxide, nickel-iron oxide, and nickel oxide nanostructured particles, respectively are 30 F/g, 55 F/g, and 67 F/g. Also, the photocatalytic activities of nanostructured particles were investigated. This examination methylene blue (MB) was used and made under a xenon lamp. In light of our findings, it was observed that high photocatalytic degradation rate. Nickel-iron oxide nanostructured particles, the degradation of MB were found to be about 87%.
Water Adsorption on Ideal Anatase-TiO2(101) – An Embedded Cluster Model for Accurate Adsorption Energetics and Excited State Properties
Authors: Petersen Thorben , Klüner Thorsten 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
A combined theoretical approach towards the accurate description of water on anatase-TiO2(101) was pursued in this study. Firstly, periodic slab calculations on the basis of density hybrid functionals (PBE0, HSE06) were performed in order to gain insight into the adsorption sites and geometric structure of the surface. For submonolayer coverage of H2O, the molecular adsorption of water is found to be the most stable one with quite similar energetics in PBE0 and HSE06. Moreover, the transition states towards the less preferred dissociative adsorption forms are predicted to be greater than 0.7 eV. Thus, water will not spontaneously dissociate and based on the Computational Hydrogen Electrode model an overpotential of about 1.71 V is needed to drive the overall oxidation. In addition, to validate our results for molecular adsorption of H2O, an embedded cluster model is carefully evaluated for the a-TiO2(101) surface based on the periodic slab calculations. Subsequent high-level DLPNO-CCSD(T) results are in close agreement with our periodic slab calculations since the interaction is found to mainly consist of electrostatic contributions which are captured by hybrid functionals. Finally, first results on optimized geometries in the excited state based on the photogenerated charge-transfer state are presented.
Social Isolation in Adolescence Disrupts Cortical Development and Goal-Dependent Decision-Making in Adulthood, Despite Social Reintegration
Authors: Hinton Elizabeth A. , Li Dan C. , Allen Aylet G. , Gourley Shannon L. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe social environment influences neurodevelopment. Investigations using rodents to study this phenomenon commonly isolate subjects, then assess neurobehavioral consequences while animals are still isolated. This approach precludes one from dissociating the effects of on-going versus prior isolation, hindering our complete understanding of the consequences of social experience during particular developmental periods. Here, we socially isolated adolescent mice from postnatal day (P)31 to P60, then re-housed them into social groups. We tested their ability to select actions based on expected outcomes using multiple reinforcer devaluation and instrumental contingency degradation techniques. Social isolation in adolescence (but not adulthood) weakened instrumental response updating, causing mice to defer to habit-like behaviors. Habit biases were associated with glucocorticoid insufficiency in adolescence, oligodendrocyte marker loss throughout cortico-striatal regions, and dendritic spine and synaptic marker excess in the adult orbitofrontal cortex (OFC). Artificial, chemogenetic stimulation of the ventrolateral OFC in typical, healthy mice recapitulated response biases following isolation, causing habit-like behaviors. Meanwhile, correcting dendritic architecture by inhibiting the cytoskeletal regulatory protein ROCK remedied instrumental response updating defects in socially isolated mice. Our findings suggest that adolescence is a critical period during which social experience optimizes one’s ability to seek and attain goals later in life. Age-typical dendritic spine elimination appears to be an essential factor, and in its absence, organisms may defer to habit-based behaviors.
Identification of Quantitative Trait Loci for Component Traits of Flowering Capacity Across Temperature inPetunia
Authors: Chen QiuXia C , Guo Yufang , Warner Ryan M 
Published: September 2019

AbstractFor ornamental annual bedding plants, flowering performance is critical. Flowering performance includes the length of the flowering period, the longevity of individual flowers, and the number of flowers produced during the flowering period, or flowering capacity. Flowering capacity is a function of several component traits, including the number of branches producing flowers, the number of inflorescences per flowering branch, and the number of flower buds per inflorescence. We employed an F7Petunia axillaris × P. exserta recombinant inbred line population to identify QTL for flowering capacity component traits. The population was phenotyped at 14, 17, and 20° over two years. Fifteen robust QTL (rQTL; QTL detected in two or more temperatures/years) were identified across six of the seven Petunia chromosomes (Chr) for total flower bud number (FlBud), branch number (Branch), flowering branch number (FlBranch), and primary shoot flower bud number (FlBudPS). The largest effect QTL explained up to 28.8, 34.9, 36, and 23.1% of the phenotypic variation for FlBub, FlBudPS, Branch, and FlBranch, respectively. rQTL for FlBud and FlBranch co-localized on Chr 1, and rQTL for FlBud, FlBudPS, and FlBranch co-localized on Chr 4. These regions in particular should be useful for identifying genes controlling flowering capacity of this important ornamental plant.
Molecular Profiling of theDrosophilaAntenna Reveals Conserved Genes Underlying Olfaction in Insects
Authors: Mohapatra Pratyajit , Menuz Karen 
Published: September 2019

AbstractRepellent odors are widely used to prevent insect-borne diseases, making it imperative to identify the conserved molecular underpinnings of their olfactory systems. Currently, little is known about the molecules supporting odor signaling beyond the odor receptors themselves. Most known molecules function in one of two classes of olfactory sensilla, single-walled or double-walled, which have differing morphology and odor response profiles. Here, we took two approaches to discover novel genes that contribute to insect olfaction in the periphery. We transcriptionally profiled Drosophila melanogasteramos mutants that lack trichoid and basiconic sensilla, the single-walled sensilla in this species. This revealed 187 genes whose expression is enriched in these sensilla, including pickpocket ion channels and neuromodulator GPCRs that could mediate signaling pathways unique to single-walled sensilla. For our second approach, we computationally identified 141 antennal-enriched (AE) genes that are more than ten times as abundant in D. melanogaster antennae as in other tissues or whole-body extracts, and are thus likely to play a role in olfaction. We identified unambiguous orthologs of AE genes in the genomes of four distantly related insect species, and most identified orthologs were expressed in the antenna of these species. Further analysis revealed that nearly half of the 141 AE genes are localized specifically to either single or double-walled sensilla. Functional annotation suggests the AE genes include signaling molecules and enzymes that could be involved in odorant degradation. Together, these two resources provide a foundation for future studies investigating conserved mechanisms of odor signaling.
MODEL OF CONTENT AND LANGUAGE INTEGRATED LEARNING (CLIL) STRATEGY IN ARABIC SPEAKING SUBJECT
Authors: Sarip Mohamad 
Published: September 2019

The aim of this study was to develop Arabic speaking skill by implementing Content Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) model at Jakarta State University. The CLIL used in the lesson emphasized the memorization of dialogues and sentence patterns as one of the main characteristics of the audiolingual method. The research employed the mixed approach using Research and Development (R & D). The procedure of research used Borg and Gall model which has the steps; preliminary step, adevelopment step, and evaluation step.The data ware taken by observation, questionnaire, interview, documentation, and test. The research finding shows that the development of CLIL learning strategy for Arabic speaking with the material using Qur’an, Hadits, Fiqih and Tsaqofah Islamiah was an effective model for improving learning to speak Arabic. CLIL have four components that are content, cognition, communication, and culture. These are integrated with the variation of learning media.
Recuperación del debate liberal-comunitario. Sus aspectos nucleares y la conformación teórica de un concepto de la “identidad política”
Authors: Medina Labayru Carlos 
Published: September 2019

La concepción de la persona se ha trasladado a una discusión sobre la teoría republicana de la autodeterminación política. Hito fundamental es lo “político”, introducido por J. Rawls para definir una región artificial, no metafísica, de la organización de la vida humana en sociedad. Es un concepto normativo para de- finir ciudadanía que incluye una concepción moral del hombre. Se sostiene que, en la articulación de este concepto y sus nociones asociadas de autonomía plena y razonabilidad de los agentes, el constructivismo político recoge la concepción del hombre como sujeto de sentidos, tema central del comunitarismo.
Mito y religión en la interpretación de la modernidad capitalista de Walter Benjamin
Authors: Vargas Mariela 
Published: September 2019

El artículo analiza la interpretación que Walter Benjamin ofrece de la modernidad capitalista en Capitalismo como religión. Se indaga el sentido del carácter religio- so del capitalismo y se muestra que la primera elaboración sobre el capitalismo en términos de religión dio paso a una aproximación complementaria en términos de fuerzas míticas. Si bien este desplazamiento es visible ya en Capitalismo como reli- gión, cobra nitidez en el Libro de los pasajes, con la introducción del concepto de lo “siempre igual” [immergleich] para describir la dinámica del modo de producción y la experiencia de la historia en el capitalismo.
Modelos microfinancieros latinoamericanos: una experiencia para la inclusión social y el desarrollo
Authors: Perossa Mario Luis , Gigler Santiago 
Published: September 2019

Introducción: en Latinoamérica, las instituciones microfinancieras han sido las encargadas de apalancar mediante pequeños préstamos a millones de individuos para financiar el capital de trabajo y la inversión de pequeñas máquinas. El objetivo del trabajo es mostrar los resultados que las microfinanzas arrojan en la mejoría de los indicadores de pobreza y en el crecimiento de la economía. Metodología: para el análisis cuantitativo, se utilizaron los datos de pobreza, crecimiento de los países medidos según su pbi, la tasa de ahorro, el crecimiento de empresas, entre otros indicadores de países de América Latina, los cuales fueron correlacionados entre sí para buscar las variables que podrían ser motoras o explicativas de la disminución de los índices de pobreza. Resultados: luego del análisis de correlación entre las distintas variables, se halló una relación fuerte entre el aumento de los montos promedios otorgados y la disminución de las tasas de pobreza; pudo probarse la profundización del mercado microcrediticio y su relación con la pobreza en los países analizados. Conclusiones: las microfinanzas se convirtieron en una herramienta poderosa de lucha contra la pobreza en los países que las practicaron, respetando la dignidad humana de aquellas personas que sufren de exclusión económica y social.
The Impact of Experiential Learning Method and Vocabolary Mastery Toward Indonesiaon Students' Reading Comprehension Though Animation Video
Authors: SYAFRİZAL Syafrizal , MASRUPİ Masrupi , MAULUDAH İstiqomatul 
Published: September 2019

The
aim of the research is to know
the influenced of using experiential learning and animation video as a method
toward students’ reading comprehension and vocabulary mastery. The researcher used quantitative experiment used survey Technic. The instrument using test validity and realibility. The respondents of
the research is all of students grade 7th in Al Inayah Islamic
Junior High School at Cilegon city they are 86 students in Stratefied Random
Sampling. Reading comprehension is
an intentional, active, interactive process that occurs before, during and
after a person reads a particular piece of writing. Therefore vocabulary
mastery is not only knowing the words and its meanings, but also knowing about
how the words sound and how the words are used in the context. It is that
knowing a word by sight and sound and knowing its dictionary definition are not
the same as knowing how to use the word correctly and understanding it when it
is heard or seen in various contexts. This research combaining the method and
media toward reading comprehension and vocabulary mastery. There are
experiential learning method and animation video as media.Based
on the results of data processing using SPSS 17.0, obtained the value of t
count for experiential learning method (X1) of 1.416 and the value of sig.
0.001. And t table is T (α / 2; n-k-1) = T (0.05 / 2; 21-2-1) = T (0.025; 19) =
0.475. Because the value of t count (0.475) is larger t table (1.416), then H0
is rejected and H1 is accepted.
Therefore the value of t count
for animation video (X3) of 1.078 and the value of sig. 0.000. And t table is T
(α / 2; n-k-1) = T (0.05 / 2; 21-2-1) = T (0.025; 19) = 0.475. Because the
value of t count (0.475) is larger t table (1.078) Therefore the value of t count for vocabulary mastery
(X2) of 1.161 and the value of sig. 0.000. And t table is T (α / 2; n-k-1) = T
(0.05 / 2; 21-2-1) = T (0.025; 19) = 0.475. Because the value of t count
(0.475) is larger t table (1.161), so it can be conclude that there is significant influence of
experiential learning method and animation video toward students’
reading comprehension and students’ vocabulary mastery.
Developing of Experimental Competence of Laos pupils in Secondary School Science Classroom
Authors: Nguyen Van Bien , VYLAYCHİT Xayparseut , NGUYEN Anh Thuan 
Published: September 2019

How to help
teachers to design teaching plan for raising student’s competency at secondary
school in Laos is now of great concern. On the other hand, teachers teach
sciences almost by lecturing theory only. They rarely explain the problems based
on actual phenomena that occur in pupils’ daily life nor do experiment during
the class. Thus, one of the vital concerns for Lao’s science education is that
the summative and formative assessment for science learning are both only
focused on evaluating the pupils’ knowledge.
To improve the quality of learning and pave a new way
for teaching by doing physics experiment, we developed a practical
science course“Heat and temperature”
with hands on activities and realistic
application. For measuring experimental competence, the framework for practical
assessment from Etkina 2002and Metzger 2012 was adapted and used(E.
Etkina, Van Heuvelen, Brookes, &amp; Mills, 2002)(Metzger,
Gut, Hild, &amp; Tardent, 2014).
In this paper, we describe the process and experiences of how to develop the
course with comprehensive worksheets and hands on equipment. We also interpret
the way to gather evidence of experimental competence during the course. After
that, we present some initial results of the development of pupils’ competence
during the course.