bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Aesthetic evolution drives birth of minimally invasive surgery subgroup
Authors: Dayan Steve 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackgroundFacial and neck skin tightening, and rejuvenation began decades ago with maximally invasive incisional face‐lift surgery. Aesthetic trends, patient demands, and innovative technology brought about minimally invasive and noninvasive interventions—such as radiofrequency, ultrasound, laser and intense pulsed light as well as dermal fillers and other injectables—to address facial and neck skin laxity. These procedures reduce facial and neck skin laxity with less risk and less downtime than maximally invasive face‐lift or face‐lift plus liposuction; however, these interventions are often deemed to offer reduced results.AimsTo evaluate the safety and efficacy—as well as patient satisfaction—of Rotational Fractional Resection (RFR) in subjects with mild‐to‐moderate submental fat and mild‐to‐moderate submental skin laxity.MaterialsRotational fractional resection with the Nuvellus (Recros, Inc) platform, which uses 1.5 mm in diameter rotating scalpels—termed scalpets—to resect lax skin followed by a rotating cannulas to perform focal lipectomy through resected access ports.MethodsThirtyone patients were evaluated 30 days after RFR, in an ongoing prospective, multi‐center, nonrandomized study.ResultsThe majority of subjects had a ≥1‐grade improvement in investigator‐evaluated skin laxity and lipodystrophy; 84% of subjects were satisfied with their neck and jawline appearance and 97% of subjects they would likely recommend the procedure. Minimal procedural and post‐procedural pain, minimal scarring in 94% of subjects, and no severe skin‐related adverse effects.DiscussionRotational fractional resection is essentially a new concept that has a risk and side effect profile that is comparable or better than‐surgical skin tightening, with measurable permanent results approaching that of surgical skin tightening. This investigational procedure advances the evolution of facial and neck aesthetic procedures with results approaching those of surgery in a single treatment.ConclusionEarly RFR results are promising but, yet to be conclusive. However current outcome reports identify a procedure that meet patient demands for a minimally invasive office‐ based procedure to look better with limited downtime.
Head Start Centers Can Influence Healthy Behaviors: Evaluation of a Nutrition and Physical Activity Educational Intervention
Authors: Fastring Danielle , Keel Kelsey , Colby Deborah , Conner John M. , Hilbert Avery 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDBecause healthy habits are established early in life, it is important to teach young children about foods that contribute to a healthy diet. One of the strategies recommended by the 2015‐2020 Dietary Guidelines is to implement educational programs in community settings such as child care and preschool settings. Head Start is one such educational child care setting that serves young children ages 3 to 5 years old.METHODSA community partnership was established between Jackson County Civic Action Agency and supported by the Mississippi Gulf Coast Youth Health Coalition's Childhood Obesity Initiative. A quasi‐experimental nonequivalent 2‐group pre/post‐test study design was utilized to determine the effectiveness of a 12‐week physical activity and nutrition education program delivered in a Head Start setting.RESULTSThere was a statistically significant improvement in fruit (F = 5.602, df = 1, p = .018) and vegetable (F = 16.061, df = 1, p < .001) recognition scores, and the number of “tried and liked” fruits (F = 5.579, df = 1, p = .019) and vegetables (F = 88.559, df = 1, p < .001) between children in the control group (n = 86) and intervention group (n = 303) when controlling for scores at baseline.CONCLUSIONUtilizing the Head Start program as a setting for health education program delivery is one available strategy to combat childhood obesity on a community level.
Lives Not Worth Living in Modern Euthanasia Regimes
Authors: Kim Scott Y. H. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe authors of “The Quiet Progress of the New Eugenics” (QPNE) assert that some current practices, such as euthanasia and/or assisted suicide (EAS) for disabled newborns, imply that some persons with disabilities have lives that are not worth living. I extend the QPNE's analysis in this commentary by exploring whether even in voluntary EAS for “unbearable suffering,” the question of how we value the lives of disabled persons arises in a way that deserves more public discussion. I argue that the old and modern EAS regimes both create a class of persons whose lives are deemed by society as not worth living. I explain how the modern EAS regime's public goal of relieving suffering and its requirement for autonomous choice obscure but do not erase this fact. Although modern EAS regimes are based on suffering (not eugenics) and voluntary (not state coerced), they have the effect of creating lives that are societally deemed to be not worth living.
“Because of His Intellectual Disability, He Couldn't Cope.” Is Euthanasia the Answer?
Authors: Tuffrey‐Wijne Irene , Curfs Leopold , Finlay Ilora , Hollins Sheila 
Published: June 2019

AbstractIn 2018, the authors published their analysis of nine online case reports by the Euthanasia Review Committee in the Netherlands, involving people with intellectual disability and/or autism spectrum disorder who were given euthanasia. In this commentary, they reflect further on the challenges of assessing “unbearable suffering without prospect of improvement,” which is one of the Dutch legal due care criteria. Two more recent case reports are presented in detail, where doctors struggled to assess and sometimes came to divergent conclusions. In both cases, limitations resulting from the intellectual disability and autism spectrum disorder were seen by physicians as causes of unbearable suffering, leading them to agreeing to the patient's euthanasia request. The authors discuss their concern about the implications of accepting the effects of lifelong disability as reasons for euthanasia, not only for individuals but for society as a whole.
Genicular artery axial pattern flap for reconstruction of skin defects in 22 dogs
Authors: Emmerson T. , de la Puerta B. , Polton G. 
Published: June 2019

ObjectiveTo report the use of the genicular artery axial pattern flap and the frequency and severity of complications in a consecutive series of clinical cases.Materials and MethodsMedical records from one referral centre were retrospectively reviewed for cases requiring reconstruction using a genicular axial pattern flap between January 2012 and February 2018.ResultsTwenty‐two dogs were included. Skin defects ranging from 12.6 to 81 cm2(mean 32 cm2) on the lateral and cranial crus were successfully closed using the genicular artery axial pattern flap. Average flap survival was 99.1% with two dogs developing distal flap necrosis. Minor complications occurred in eight dogs (36%) including minor wound dehiscence, seroma formation and infection. Major complications requiring further surgery occurred in three dogs (13.6%).Clinical SignificanceThe genicular artery axial pattern flap is useful in the reconstruction of small‐ to medium‐sized skin defects of the lateral and cranial crus. The flap may be more robust and offer better viability than reported previously in experimental studies.
Revisiting the phylogeny of Dipsacales: New insights from phylogenomic analyses of complete plastomic sequences
Authors: Xiang Chun‐Lei , Dong Hong‐Jin , Landrein Sven , Zhao Fei , Yu Wen‐Bin , Soltis Douglas E. , Soltis Pamela S. , Backlund Anders , Wang Hua‐Feng , Li De‐Zhu , Peng Hua 
Published: June 2019

AbstractPhylogenetic relationships in Dipsacales have long been a major challenge. Although considerable progress has been made during the past two decades, questions remain; the uncertain systematic positions of Heptacodium, Triplostegia, and Zabelia, in particular, impede our understanding of Dipsacales evolution. Here we use 75 complete plastomic sequences to reconstruct the phylogeny of Dipsacales, of which 28 were newly generated. Two primary clades were recovered that form the phylogenetic backbone of Dipsacales. Seven of the primary clades correspond to the recognized families Adoxaceae, Caprifoliaceae s. str., Diervillaceae, Dipsacaceae, Linnaeaceae, Morinaceae, and Valerianaceae, and one corresponds to Zabelia, which was found to be the closest relative of Morinaceae in all analyses. Additionally, our results, with greatly increased confidence in most branches, show that Heptacodium and Triplostegia are members of Caprifoliaceae s. str. and Dipsacaceae, respectively. The results of our study indicate that the complete plastomic sequences provide a fully‐resolved and well‐supported representation of the phylogenetic relationships within Dipsacales.
Little Linguists: A model for engaging university students and elementary schoolers in a day camp setting
Authors: Farris‐Trimble Ashley , Reid Danica 
Published: June 2019

AbstractIn this paper, we detail a method of introducing linguistics to elementary school students through a day camp model. Our day camps, Little Linguists, teach children about language analysis and exploration through a variety of activities, games, and crafts. The goals of these camps include enriching children's experience with language science, increasing university students' opportunities to share their linguistic knowledge with the community, and improving recruitment efforts for research studies. We discuss three related benefits of our camps: exposing children to linguistics at an early age, allowing undergraduate linguists a chance to “learn by teaching,” and giving researchers the opportunity to engage with the broader community. Survey data from families and undergraduate students involved with the camps support our own impressions of camp outcomes and benefits.
Outcomes after Total Hip Arthroplasty Using a Cementless S‐ROM Modular Stem for Patients with High Hip Dislocation Secondary to Hip Pyogenic Arthritis
Authors: Yang Yang , Yu Qiu‐Ping , Wang Shao‐Lin , Zhang Sheng‐Li , Li Juan , Zhou Yi , Fan Hua‐Quan , Zhang Xin , Zhou Yu , Zhou Min , Zhou Ming‐Quan , Li Ning , Liu Jun‐Li 
Published: June 2019

ObjectiveTo evaluate the midterm results of the cementless S‐ROM modular femoral stem used with subtrochanteric transverse shortening osteotomy for the treatment of high hip dislocation secondary to hip pyogenic arthritis.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed the data of 49 patients (49 hips) with an average infection quiescent period of 37.4 years who underwent cementless total hip arthroplasty (THA) with simultaneous subtrochanteric transverse shortening osteotomy from July 2008 to June 2012. There were 23 men and 26 women with a mean age of 44.3 years at the time of surgery. The following clinical outcomes were evaluated: the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC) score, Harris hip score (HSS), modified Merle d'Aubigne‐Postel hip (MAP) score, low back pain visual analog scale score, 12‐item short‐form health survey questionnaire score, limp, and Trendelenburg sign. Radiographic outcomes and complications were also evaluated.ResultsThe mean follow‐up period was 8.7 years (range, 5.5–10 years). No infection recurrence was observed after THA. The average HSS significantly improved from 45.0 to 84.8. The WOMAC score improved from 70.1 ± 3.5 (range, 65–76) to 43.1 ± 13.4 (range, 21–67). The modified MAP score improved from 5.9 ± 1.9 (range, 3–9) to 14.3 ± 2.4 (range, 11–18). The low back pain visual analog scale score, 12‐item short‐form health survey questionnaire score, limp, and Trendelenburg sign also improved significantly. The average limb length discrepancy decreased from 39.6 mm (range, 30–55 mm) to 7.2 mm (range, 0–22 mm). Two patients had temporary sciatic nerve paralysis but recovered within 6 months without any functional defects; one had an intraoperative fracture fixed by cerclage wires. One hip required revision surgery because of femoral stem aseptic loosening.ConclusionsThe cementless S‐ROM modular femoral stem used with subtrochanteric transverse shortening osteotomy is safe and effective for high hip dislocation secondary to pyogenic arthritis and provides satisfactory midterm results. Significant improvements in clinical function were observed, as were high rates of stable fixation of the cementless implant, restoration of more normal limb lengths, and a low incidence of complications.
Medial Metaphyseal Slope as a Predictor of Recurrence in Blount Disease
Authors: Laoharojanaphand Tinh , Ariyawatkul Thanase , Kaewpornsawan Kamolporn , Chotigavanichaya Chatupon , Wongcharoenwatana Jidapa , Eamsobhana Perajit 
Published: June 2019

ObjectiveThis study was aimed to find the radiographic parameter predicting recurrence of stage 2 Blount's disease.MethodWe retrospectively reviewed radiographs of 82 legs from 49 patients diagnosed with stage 2 Blount's disease by Langenskiöld classification who had failed brace treatment and underwent valgus osteotomy between 1998 to 2016. Age ranged from 26 to 47 months. The metaphyseal–diaphyseal angle was measured preoperatively. The medial metaphyseal slope of the proximal tibia and femorotibial angle were measured preoperatively and 3, 6, 12, and 24 months postoperatively in both non‐recurrence (group 1) and recurrence (group 2) group. The receiver operating characteristic curve calculated using MedCalc software was used to determine the medial metaphyseal slope predicting risk for recurrence. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software.ResultsThe mean follow‐up time was 4.83 ± 0.38 years. The mean age was 34.57 ± 5.76 in group 1 and 33.2 ± 1.48 in group 2 (P = 0.258). The mean preoperative metaphyseal slope was 62.39° ± 9.75° in group 1 and 73.22° ± 6.59° in group 2 (P = 0.02). The mean preoperative femorotibial angle (FTA) was −14.31° ± 8.25° in group 1 and −18.89° ± 7.74° in group 2 (P = 0.1). The mean preoperative metaphyseal diaphyseal angle (MDA) was 14.75° ± 4.21° in group 1 and 20.11° ±5.16° in group 2 (P = 0.001). Demographic data including age, gender, weight, height, and body mass index showed no statistically significant difference between both groups. Out of 82 legs, 9 (10.97%) had recurrence. Preoperatively, the metaphyseal–diaphyseal angle showed statistical significance between both groups. The medial metaphyseal slope showed statistically significant difference between group 1 and group 2 at 3, 6, 12, and 24 months postoperatively. The receiver operating characteristic curve showed that a medial metaphyseal slope more than 70° at 12 months (sensitivity 88.89% and specificity 69.86%) and more than 62° at 24 months postoperatively (sensitivity 100%, specificity 52.3%) was a predictor for recurrence of stage 2 Blount's disease.ConclusionMedial metaphyseal slope more than 62° over the 24‐month follow‐up was associated with recurrence of varus deformity.
Relationship of α2‐Macroglobulin with Steroid‐Induced Femoral Head Necrosis: A Chinese Population‐Based Association Study in Southeast China
Authors: Fang Shan‐hong , Li Yong‐feng , Jiang Jia‐run , Chen Peng 
Published: June 2019

ObjectiveThe present study aimed to identify the relationship of α‐2‐macroglobulin and microvascular vessel pathology with steroid‐induced femoral head necrosis in the Southeast Chinese population.MethodsThis study enrolled 40 patients diagnosed with steroid‐induced necrosis of the femoral head. Patients had various stages of femoral head necrosis. The differential expression of serum proteins and mRNA from patients with steroid‐induced necrosis of the femoral head (SINFH) and healthy volunteers was analyzed by western blot and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (QT‐PCR). The pathological change in osteocyte necrosis was indicated by hematoxylin and eosin stain and immunohistochemistry.ResultsHematoxylin and eosin stain showed histopathology changes in the necrotic area of patients with steroid‐induced INFH: bone trabeculae were fewer and thinner, became broken, fragmented and structurally disordered; intraosseous adipose cells became enlarged; the arrangement of the osteoblasts became irregular; and vacant bone lacunae increased. QT‐PCR showed significantly lower levels of α‐2‐macroglobulin in the serum of patients with SINFH than in controls (P < 0.05). Immunohistochemical staining and western blotting demonstrated that the expression of α‐2‐macroglobulin was significantly decreased in the necrotic area of SINFH patients (P < 0.05).ConclusionThe α‐2‐macroglobulin may be associated with the pathology of SINFH. The multiple pathological reactions occur in SINFH and α‐2‐macroglobulin may serve as a potential biomarker for the diagnosis of SINFH or a promising therapeutic target.
New directions for the philosophy of poetry
Authors: Simecek Karen 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThis article will introduce readers to current debates in the philosophy of poetry. This includes discussion of the need for a philosophy of poetry as distinct from a philosophy of literature, the (in)compatibility of poetry and philosophy, poetic meaning and interpretation, and poetry in relation to affect, emotion and expressiveness, which opens up discussion of wider forms of poetry from spoken word to sign‐language poetry. The article ends with suggestions for future directions of research in the philosophy of poetry. I argue that as the philosophy of poetry is gaining interest, the previous debates that presuppose an understanding of poetry as taking form on the page and as having fixed aboutness ought to be abandoned in favour of an understanding of a poem in the affective space, with issues of reception, interpretation, distribution, and performance in play.
Comparison of the intravenous and intravaginal route of oxytocin administration for cervical dilation protocol and non‐surgical embryo recovery in oestrous‐induced Santa Inês ewes
Authors: Prellwitz Lucia , Zambrini Fabiana Nunes , Guimarães José Domingos , de Sousa Marco Antonio Paula , Oliveira Maria Emília Franco , Garcia Alexandre Rosetto , Esteves Sérgio Novita , Bartlewski Pawel Mieczyslaw , Souza‐Fabjan Joanna Maria Gonçalves , Fonseca Jeferson Ferreira 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThis study compared the effects of intravaginal and intravenous routes of oxytocin (OT) administration in 46 oestrous‐induced Santa Inês ewes (6‐day treatment with progestin‐releasing intravaginal sponges and a single injection of 200 IU of eCG at the time of sponge removal) that underwent transcervical embryo recovery 6–7 days after oestrous onset and mating. All ewes received 37.5 μg of d‐cloprostenol via latero‐vulvar route, and 1 mg of oestradiol benzoate i.m. 16 hr before and 50 IU of OT 20 min before non‐surgical embryo recovery (NSER), with OT being administered intravenously (n = 21) or intravaginally (n = 21). An overall oestrous response was 95.6% (44/46), and adequate cervical retraction could be accomplished in 78.6% (33/42) of ewes. The percentage of successful NSER procedures was 57% (24/42) or 72.7% (24/33) of animals with sufficient cervical retraction. The duration of NSER procedure averaged 28 min (range: 17–40 min) and ~96% of flushing fluid could be recovered (range: 85%–100%). Out of 18 ewes that could not undergo NSER, 12 (66.6%) presented various anatomical barriers, whilst the other 33.4% did not present these barriers and still could not be traversed. Excluding the ewes with those anatomical features, the overall success rate of NSER was 80% (24/30). The route of OT administration had no effect on NSER efficiency or the ease with which transcervical embryo flushing was performed. Both routes of OT administration can be used for cervical dilation protocol. Discarding ewes with anatomical features precluding cervical penetration is highly recommended to increase the efficacy of NSER in sheep.
Determinants of Probability Neglect and Risk Attitudes for Disaster Risk: An Online Experimental Study of Flood Insurance Demand among Homeowners
Authors: Robinson Peter John , Botzen W. J. Wouter 
Published: June 2019

AbstractLittle is known about why individuals place either a high or a very low value on mitigating risks of disaster‐type events, like floods. This study uses panel data methods to explore the psychological factors affecting probability neglect of flood risk relevant to the zero end‐point of the probability weighting function in Prospect Theory, and willingness‐to‐pay for flood insurance. In particular, we focus on explanatory variables of anticipatory and anticipated emotions, as well as the threshold of concern. Moreover, results obtained under real and hypothetical incentives are compared in an experiment with high experimental outcomes. Based on our findings, we suggest several policy recommendations to overcome individual decision processes, which may hinder flood protection efforts.
Systematics of the dung beetle tribe Sisyphini Mulsant (Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) inferred from a molecular phylogeny and biogeography of southern African species
Authors: Daniel Gimo M. , Sole Catherine L. , Davis Adrian L.V. , Strümpher Werner P. , Scholtz Clarke H. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe tribe Sisyphini Mulsant was recently redefined following the transfer of the endemic southern African genus Epirinus Dejean from the polyphyletic tribe Deltochilini Lacordaire. A molecular phylogeny of the southern African members of Sisyphini supports Epirinus as sister to Sisyphus Latreille and recovered three major clades in Sisyphus classified here as subgenera Sisyphus (Neosisyphus Müller) stat. rev., Sisyphus (Parasisyphus Barbero, Palestrini & Zunino) stat.n. and Sisyphus (Sisyphus) stat.n. A molecular clock analysis suggests that Sisyphus and Epirinus diverged from their last common ancestor during the Lower to Middle Oligocene (c. 29.37 Ma). Biogeographical analysis indicated that southern African Sisyphus species are centred in the east and northeast in Highveld grassland and warmer savannah regions. By contrast, Epirinus species are largely restricted to the southwest and southeast in the cooler winter and bimodal rainfall regions plus arid highland Karoo and Highveld grasslands. Based on morphological and biogeographical differences between Epirinus and Sisyphus, we propose that the monogeneric Epirinus be placed in its own tribe, Epirinini van Lansberge stat. rev.
Diagnostic imaging for the assessment of acquired abdominal vascular diseases in small animals: A pictorial review
Authors: Specchi Swan , d'Anjou Marc‐André 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAdvances in interventional radiology and surgical techniques now allow complex abdominal diseases to be more successfully treated in small animals. Abdominal vascular alterations, acquired as individual process or as complication of other lesions such as neoplasia, can be life‐threatening or at least greatly limit curative interventions of underlying diseases. Computed tomography (CT) and high‐definition ultrasonography are now readily available in veterinary referral centers. Yet, there is little information currently available on the use of these modalities for the diagnosis and characterization of these vascular alterations. The purpose of this article is to review the CT and ultrasonographic findings of acquired vascular diseases in the abdomen of dogs and cats, using both the veterinary and human medicine literature as references, and highlighting essential concepts through figures.