bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Dynamics of Land Tenure in Multi-ethnic Society
Authors: Bumulo Sahrain , Adiwibowo Soeryo , Sjaf Sofyan 
Published: March 2018

<p>ABSTRACT<br />This study aims to analyze the dynamics of land tenure in the multi-ethnic society. This research was conducted in District of Randangan,Pohuwato Regency. With a qualitative approach, this research involved 27 informants from various ethnic backgrounds (Gorontalo, Java, Bali, and Bugis) and profession (bureaucracy, NGO, and academic actors). The results of this study indicate that land tenure in the study sites has ethnic dimensions. This is evidenced by the existence of land tenure segregation, in which Bugis ethnic control of land in the coastal areas used for fishpond activities. Furthermore, ethnic Javanese controlled land in the hilly areas used as agricultural and plantation activities, while the ethnic Gorontalo (local), more widely spread in the sub-district government structure, and private. The existence of segregation of land tenure, trigger the emergence of turmoil in society by using ethnic identity as its domain. Therefore, the issue of locals versus migrants colored the polemic at the study site.Furthermore, the granting of access is also based on several actors’ interests, including socio-economic, political, and demographic interests.<br />Keywords: Dynamics, land tenure, multiethnic society</p><p><br />ABSTRAK<br />Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dinamika penguasaan lahan dalam masyarakat multietnik. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Kecamatan Randangan Kabupaten Pohuwato. Dengan pendekatan kualitatif, penelitian ini melibatkan 27 informan dari berbagai latar belakang etnik (Gorontalo, Jawa, Bali. dan Bugis) dan profesi (birokrasi, LSM, dan akademisi). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penguasaan lahan di lokasi studi memiliki dimensi etnisitas. Hal ini dibuktikan oleh adanya segregasi penguasaan lahan, di mana etnik Bugis menguasai lahan di wilayah “pesisir” yang digunakan untuk aktivitas tambak ikan. Selanjutnya, etnis Jawa menguasai lahan di wilayah “perbukitan” yang digunakan sebagai aktivitas pertanian dan perkebunan, sedangkan etnis Gorontalo (lokal), lebih banyak tersebar di struktur pemerintahan kecamatan, dan swasta. Adanya segregasi penguasaan lahan, memicu timbulnya gejolak di masyarakat dengan menggunakan identitas etnis sebagai domainnya. Oleh karena itu, isyu penduduk lokal versus pendatang mewarnai polemik di lokasi studi. Di sisi lain, proses penguasaan lahan di lokasi studi dilatar-belakangi oleh adanya keterlibatan berbagai aktor (berbasis etnis) dalam pemberian akses kepada anggota etnisnya masing-masing. Selanjutnya, pemberian akses juga didasarkan pada beberapa kepentingan aktor, di antaranya adalah kepentingan sosial-ekonomi, politik, dan demografi.<br />Kata Kunci: dinamika, penguasaan, lahan, masyarakat multietnik</p>
Day-and-Night Closed-Loop Insulin Delivery in a Broad Population of Pregnant Women With Type 1 Diabetes: A Randomized Controlled Crossover Trial
Authors: Stewart Zoe A. , Wilinska Malgorzata E. , Hartnell Sara , O’Neil Leanne K. , Rayman Gerry , Scott Eleanor M. , Barnard Katharine , Farrington Conor , Hovorka Roman , Murphy Helen R. 
Published: March 2018

OBJECTIVE
Despite advances in technology, optimal glucose control remains elusive and neonatal complications remain ubiquitous in type 1 diabetes (T1D) pregnancy. Our aim was to examine the safety, efficacy, and longer-term feasibility of day-and-night closed-loop insulin delivery.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
We recruited 16 pregnant women (mean [SD]: age 32.8 [5.0] years, T1D duration 19.4 [10.2] years, HbA1c 8.0% [1.1], and BMI 26.6 [4.4] kg/m2) to an open-label, randomized, crossover trial. Participants completed 28 days of closed-loop and sensor-augmented pump (SAP) insulin delivery separated by a washout period. Afterward, participants could continue to use the closed-loop system up to 6 weeks postpartum. The primary end point was the proportion of time with glucose levels within the target range (63–140 mg/dL).

RESULTS
The proportion of time with glucose levels within target was comparable during closed-loop and SAP insulin delivery (62.3 vs. 60.1% [95% CI −4.1 to 8.3]; P = 0.47). Mean glucose and time spent hyperglycemic &gt;140 mg/dL also did not differ (131.4 vs. 131.4 mg/dL [P = 0.85] and 36.6 vs. 36.1% [P = 0.86], respectively). During closed-loop, fewer hypoglycemic episodes occurred (median 8 [range 1–17] vs. 12.5 [1–53] over 28 days; P = 0.04) and less time at &lt;63 mg/dL (1.6 vs. 2.7%; P = 0.02). Hypoglycemia &lt;50 mg/dL (0.24 vs. 0.47%; P = 0.03) and low blood glucose index (1.0 vs. 1.4; P = 0.01) were lower. Less nocturnal hypoglycemia (2300–0700 h) during closed-loop therapy (1.1 vs. 2.7%; P = 0.008) and a trend toward higher overnight time in target (67.7 vs. 60.6%; P = 0.06) were found.

CONCLUSIONS
Closed-loop insulin delivery was associated with comparable glucose control and significantly less hypoglycemia than SAP therapy. Larger, longer-duration multicenter trials are now indicated to determine clinical efficacy of closed-loop insulin delivery in T1D pregnancy and the impact on neonatal outcomes.
Diabetes, Prenatal Depression, and Self-Rated Health in Latina Mothers
Authors: Lara-Cinisomo Sandraluz , Swinford Claire , Massey Danielle , Hardt Heidi 
Published: March 2018

Background.
Latinas in the United States have elevated rates of diabetes and prenatal depression (PND). The presence of diabetes and PND can also have a negative effect on women’s self-rated health (SRH), a commonly used indicator of health that is consistent with objective health status and is a predictor of mortality. However, the associations between PND, diabetes, and SRH have not been tested, particularly among Latinas, who have elevated risk of both medical conditions. To address this gap, this pilot study tested the association between PND and diabetes using data from Latinas enrolled during their third trimester of pregnancy and explored whether these health conditions were associated with SRH in these women.

Methods.
For this study, the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale was used to determine PND status, self-reported medical history to determine diabetes status, and SRH before and during the current pregnancy in a sample of 34 prenatal Latinas. Participants were invited to take part in the study in their third trimester of pregnancy. Bivariate analyses and logistic regressions were used to test associations between demographic variables, PND, diabetes, and SRH.

Results.
There was no significant association between PND and diabetes status in this sample of Latinas. There was a significant difference in SRH from pre-pregnancy to pregnancy, with worse ratings reported during pregnancy. Furthermore, women with PND or diabetes reported worse SRH, even after controlling for pre-pregnancy SRH.

Conclusion.
SRH is an important and robust variable associated with PND and diabetes in prenatal Latinas, making it an important factor to assess when treating this high-risk group.
Peran Pembiayaan Mudharabah dalam Pengembangan Kinerja Usaha Mikro pada BMT (Baitul Maal Wat Tamwil)
Authors: Dewi Ernanda Kusuma , Astari Ayu 
Published: March 2018

Tulisan ini merupakan artikel konseptual untuk mengetahui peran pembiayaan mudharabah pada BMT (Baitul Maal wat Tamwil) dalam pengembangan kinerja usaha mikro. Pengembangan kinerja usaha mikro dapat berkembang dengan beberapa faktor seperti pembinaan dan pengawasan. Pembiayaan mudharabah merupakan pembiayaan yang sangat sesuai dengan usaha mikro. Sehingga diharapkan pembiayaan mudharabah mempunyai peran dalam pengembangan kinerja usaha mikro. Artikel ini dituliskan berdasarkan kajian pustaka dari literature dan penelitian sebelumnya dibidang pembiayaan syariah untuk membangun model. Terdapat beberapa faktor yang mendorong suksesnya pembiayaan mudharabah di BMT dalam pengembangan kinerja usaha mikro. Kata Kunci: Pembiayaan Mudharabah, Kinerja Usaha Mikro, BMT
TAFSIR QUR’AN INDONESIA TENTANG AGAMA-AGAMA: Telaah Kitab “Al-Quran dan Tafsirnya” dan Kitab “Tafsir al-Mishbah”
Authors: Hidayat Syamsul 
Published: March 2018

This study departs from the questions of how the paradigm of the study of religions according to the Koran, which include: the vision of the Quran about the meaning and concept of religion, the Koran's vision about the meaning and scope of the study of religions, Quran vision methods and approach, and purpose in religious studies. Methodologically, this study focuses its study on the book of Tafsir al-Misbah M. Quraish Shihab's work, and al-Karim wa Quranul Tafsiruhu Ministry of Religious Affairs team works primarily related verses above problems, by using mawdû'i approach. After going through the process of data collection and analysis, some conclusions can be drawn se¬bagai the following: (1) The concept of religion in the sight of the Koran there are two meanings, as the revelation of God's religion is absolute and sacred, and aga¬ma as the process and outcome of human understanding the revelation of God, which is profane and relative, (2) Al-Quran shows that the study of religion, both in the sense and meaning ke¬dua first, the principle of plurality. The existence of truth claims, is at the basic ideas and the religious substance of the cored al-Islam or al-istislam, and tawhid. The study of religions in view of the Quran in addition to nature of science, as well as socio-ethical and theological. Kajian ini berangkat dari pertanyaan bagaimanakah paradigma studi aga­ma-agama menurut Al-Quran, yang meliputi: visi Al-Quran tentang makna dan konsep agama, visi Al-Quran tentang pengertian dan ruang lingkup studi agama-agama, visi Al-Quran tentang metode dan pendekatan, serta tujuan dalam studi agama. Secara metodologis, kajian ini memfokuskan kajiannya ke­pa­da kitab Tafsir al-Misbah karya M. Quraish Shihab, dan Al-Quranul Karim wa Tafsiruhu karya Tim Kementerian Agama RI terutama ayat-ayat yang berkaitan permasalahan di atas, dengan menggunakan pendekatan mawdû'i. Setelah melalui proses pengumpulan data dan analisis, dapat diambil beberapa kesimpulan se­bagai berikut: (1) Konsep agama dalam pandangan Al-Quran ada dua makna, agama sebagai wahyu Allah yang mutlak dan sakral, dan aga­ma sebagai proses dan hasil pemahaman manusia terhadap wahyu Allah, yang bersifat profan dan relatif, (2) Al-Quran menunjukkan bahwa kajian ter­­­hadap agama, baik dalam arti yang pertama maupun makna yang ke­dua, dengan prinsip pluralitas. Adanya klaim ke­benar­an, berada pada wilayah ide-ide dasar dan substansi keberagamaan yang berintikan pada al-islâm atau al-istislâm, dan tawhid. Studi aga­ma-agama dalam pandangan Al-Quran di­sam­ping bersifat keilmuan, juga sosial etis dan teologis.
Studi Efektivitas Pembelajaran Terpadu Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial di Sekolah Menengah Pertama
Authors: Siswanto Heni Waluyo 
Published: March 2018

The aim of this study is to collect information regarding to: 1) the description of teachers ability to implement the competency of Integrated Learning of Social Sciences (IPS); 2) the view that each teacher has a different background of science discipline of integrated learning; and 3) the ability of teachers in implementing effective integrated learning based on â€œteam teachingâ€. Research conducted in 3 provinces assigned by purposively random, namely: Semarang, Medan, and Makassar. The result of the study shows a clear and significant result, that is the integrated learning social science in junior high school, both good category or medium category does not take place effectively. Some of the obstacles that led to the ineffectiveness of these are as follows: 1) the discrepancy ability of social studies teacher in junior high school is high enough to describe the competence of social science subjects due to their educational background of science discipline; 2) there is no clear meaning of mission from point of view of social science integrated learning teachers of junior high school who have different disciplines of science background, so that the integrated learning carried out only based on each individual perspectives and capabilities; 3) the implementation of social science integrated learning in junior high school can not be done optimally, because the allocation is constrained by the limitations of time and lessons schedule that are not designed and/or arranged for the benefit of an integrated learning approach based on â€œteam teachingâ€.Â ABSTRAKÂ Studi ini bertujuan untuk menggali informasi mengenai:1) kemampuan guru menjabarkan kompetensi IPS untuk melaksanakan pembelajaran terpadu; 2) pandangan guru yang masing-masing memiliki perbedaan latar belakang cabang keilmuan mengenai pembelajaran terpadu; dan 3) kemampuan guru melaksanakan pembelajaran terpadu yang efektif berbasis pada â€œteam teachingâ€. Penelitian diselenggarakan di 3 provinsi yang ditetapkan secara random purposif, yaitu: Semarang, Medan, dan Makassar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pembelajaran terpadu IPS di SMP, baik kategori baik maupun kategori sedang, tidak berlangsung secara efektif. Beberapa kendala yang menyebabkan ketidakefektifan yaitu: 1) kompetensi mata pelajaran IPS yang disebabkan oleh latar belakang pendidikan mereka yang berbasis cabang keilmuan; 2) pemaknaan yang tidak jelas terhadap misi pembelajaran terpadu IPS tampak dari pandangan guru IPS di SMP yang masing-masing memiliki perbedaan latar belakang cabang keilmuan, sehingga pembelajaran terpadu dilaksanakan hanya berdasarkan pada perspektif dan kemampuan individual masing-masing; dan 3) pelaksanaan pembelajaran terpadu IPS di SMP tidak bisa dilakukan secara optimal, karena terkendala keterbatasan alokasi waktu dan jadwal pelajaran yang tidak dirancang dan/atau disusun untuk kepentingan pembelajaran terpadu yang berbasis pada pendekatan â€œteam teachingâ€.
Perspektif Sosiologi tentang Kurikulum
Authors: Hidayat Rakhmat 
Published: March 2018

This article aims to explain the thinking of four sociologist:Pierre Bourdieu, Michael W. Apple, Henry Giroux and Carlos Alberto Torres about the curriculum and explains the definition of curriculum in sociological perspective. The methodology used is by conducting literature review of books written by the four sociologists. There are two important conclusions in this paper (1) states practice a set of mechanisms of power through the use of discourse that is by forming educational texts to produce a variety of compliance in the form of values, worldview, and so forth. Curriculum as a form of state power is used in producing various world outlook which should be in line with the state perspective, (2) curriculum is a space where the agents with the interests and different capital fight each other to fight for position, influence, prestige and position. Need to do more in-depth discussion and review of curriculum in various aspects. The on putting pedagogical studies curriculum as a micro study. So far, the study of curriculum has been emphasizing more.Â ABSTRAKTujuan kajian ini dimaksudkan untuk menjelaskan pemikiran empat sosiolog yaitu Pierre Bourdieu, Michael W. Apple, Henry Giroux dan Carlos Alberto Torres tentang kurikulum dan menjelaskan definisi kurikulum dalam perspektif sosiologis. Metodologi yang digunakan adalah melakukan kajian pustaka dari buku-buku yang ditulis oleh empat sosiolog tersebut. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa: 1) negara menjalankan praktek kekuasaannya melalui penggunaan seperangkat mekanisme wacana yaitu dengan pembentukan teks-teks pendidikan untuk menghasilkan berbagai kepatuhan berupa nilai, cara pandang dunia, dan sebagainya. Kurikulum sebagai bentuk kekuasaan digunakan negara dalam memproduksi berbagai cara pandang dunia yang harus sejalan dengan cara pandang negara dan 2) kurikulum merupakan sebuah ruang dimana para agen dengan kepentingan dan modalnya yang berbedabeda saling bertarung untuk memperjuangkan posisi, pengaruh, prestis dan kedudukan. Perlu dilakukan diskusi dan kajian lebih mendalam tentang kurikulum dalam berbagai aspek. Selama ini kajian tentang kurikulum lebih banyak ditekankan pada kajian pedagogik yang lebih menempatkan kurikulum sebagai kajian mikro.
Pemberdayaan Tim Pengembang Kurikulum (TPK) Pendidikan Dasar dan Menengah
Authors: Sutardi Ambari 
Published: March 2018

The objective of the study is to get information from some sample areas about: the establishment of curriculum developers team (CDT) for basic and secondary education; the structure of its caretaker, who and how many of its members; the availability of a budget needed; the membersâ€˜ understanding of the government policies related to curriculum; the empowerment of its members to do their main tasks among other things: socializing the policies and helping schools within basic and secondary educations writing up their respective curriculum; and school-based curriculum (S-BC) implementation. The data shows that all sample districts/municipalities have already established CDT; there is its caretaker structure with a various number of members; there is no sufficient budget in some districts/municipalities; there are some degrees of the membersâ€™understanding about the government policies related to curriculum; Districts/Municipalities Ministry of National Education empowered only some of the members socializing the government policies and helping schools writing up their curriculum as their main tasks; the implementation of S-BC was still uneven.Â ABSTRAKÂ Tujuan studi dimaksudkan untuk memperoleh informasi dari daerah sampel tentang: Pembentukan Tim Pengembang Kurikulum (TPK) pendidikan dasar dan menengah; struktur kepengurusan, siapa dan berapa jumlah anggotanya; keberadaan dana bagi TPK; pemahaman anggota terhadap kebijakan Pemerintah yang berkaitan dengan kurikulum; pemberdayaan mereka melaksanakan tugas pokok antara lain mensosialisasikan kebijakan dan mendampingi sekolah menyusun kurikulum; dan pelaksanaan kurikulum di sekolah. Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa semua daerah sampel telah membentuk TPK; ada struktur kepengurusannya dengan jumlah anggota bervariasi; dana belum tersedia secara memadai di beberapa daerah; tingkat pemahaman responden terhadap kebijakan bervariasi; hanya sebagian anggota TPK yang diberdayakan sesuai TUPOKSInya; pelaksanaan KTSP di sekolah belum merata.
Badan Hukum di Langit Pendidikan (Studi Evaluasi Kebutuhan Satuan Pendidikan)
Authors: Fathoni M. Kholid 
Published: March 2018

The obligation of legal body upon every educational institution or its founder is still an unfinished law agenda of this country. Act No 20/2003 on National Education stated that the specific law on education legal body must be enacted. The government has released the law No 9/2009 about Legal Body of School and University, but the Council of Constitution has canceled it in 2010. If a new regulation on legal body will be initiated as law, instead of the cancelled one, the Government should be in alert and in full contemplation among critics, last mistakes, and wider community sounds so that can avoid obstacles. This research is important in accordance with Governmental planning when the body of education institution will be constructed as a legal entity. The sounds and documents which are collected from various forums in discussion of the topic will be analyzed as a research conclusion.Â ABSTRAKKetentuan tentang keharusan penyelenggara dan/atau satuan pendidikan berbentuk badan hukum pendidikan masih merupakan agenda hukum negeri ini. Pasal 53 UU Sisdiknas No.20/2003 mengamanatkan disusunnya suatu undang-undang tentang badan hukum pendidikan. Sebelumnya, UU No 9/2003 Tentang Badan Hukum Pendidikan sudah diterbitkan, namun oleh Mahkamah Konstitusi dinyatakan â€œtidak mengikatâ€ pada tangal 31 Maret 2010. Apabila â€œundang-undang baruâ€ akan disusun menggantikan UU No 9, maka diperlukan upaya Pemerintah agar benar-benar memperhatikan poinpoin penting penyebab pembatalan UU No 9 serta suara masyarakat secara lebih luas agar kelak tidak mengalami nasib UU No 9. Dengan cara melakukan analisis terhadap dokumen di berbagai forum pembahasan seputar permasalahan, penelitian ini dimaksudkan memetakan permasalahan badan hukum di bidang pendidikan. Penelitian ini dapat dimanfaatkan untuk membantu para pengambil kebijakan pendidikan mengetahui kebutuhan nyata para penyelenggara pendidikan di lapangan.
Asfiktik Bebeklerde Antitrombin III Düzeyleri ve Dissemine İntravasküler Koagülasyon’la İlişkisi
Authors: ELMAS Bahri , ÇETİN Neşide 
Published: March 2018

Birçok
asfiktik bebeğin hastaneye kabulünde kanama sorunu bulunurken bazılarında takip
sırasında dissemine intravasküler koagülasyon (DİK) gelişmektedir. DİK
tedavisinde temel prensibin altta yatan problemin düzeltilmesi olduğu
bilinmekle birlikte pre-DİK döneminde tanı konulması, tedavisinin başarısı
açısından en önemli faktördür. Çeşitli çalışmalar ve hayvan deneyleri DİK
tablosu gelişmeden önce koagulasyon faktörlerinde bazı değişimler olduğunu
göstermektedir. Bu değişikliklerden birisi de antitrombin III ( AT III)
düzeylerinin azalmasıdır. Bu çalışmada;
asfiktik bebeklerde AT III düzeyleri ve AT III’ün asfiktik bebeklerde gelişen DİK
ile ilişkisinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmaya doğumu izleyen ilk
saatlerde çeşitli derecelerden asfiksiye maruz kalmış 50 ve zamanında
komplikasyonsuz doğmuş sağlıklı 20 bebek alındı. Her iki grupta doğumu izleyen
ilk 12 saatte AT III, PT, PTT, D dimer düzeyi ve trombosit sayısı çalışıldı.
Takibinde DİK gelişen ve gelişmeyen bebeklerin başlangıç değerleri
karşılaştırılarak AT III’ün DİK’in erken tanısındaki değeri araştırıldı. Asfiktik
bebeklerin kontrol grubuna göre AT III düzeyleri ve trombosit sayıları düşük,
PT, PTT ve D dimer düzeyleri ise anlamlı şekilde yüksek idi. Takibi sırasında DİK
gelişen bebeklerin başlangıçta alınan AT III düzeyleri ( 14.01±5.11), DİK
gelişmeyenlere (19.03±2.74) göre anlamlı şekilde düşük idi ( P&lt;0.05). D
dimer yüksekliği gösteren bebeklerin oranı DİK gelişen grupta %100 iken DİK
gelişmeyen grupta %55 olarak bulundu ve fark anlamlı idi. İki grubun PT, PTT ve
trombosit sayıları arasında anlamlı bir fark bulunmadı. Sonuç olarak; asfiktik
bebeklerde AT III düzeyleri sağlıklı bebeklere göre düşüktür ve DİK şüphesi
bulunan asfiktik bebeklerde AT III düzeyi tayininin, D dimer düzeyleri ile
birlikte pre-DİK evresinin bir göstergesi olabileceğini düşündürmektedir.
Doğu Anadolu bölgesinde yayılış gösteren bazı yonca (Medicago sativa) ekotiplerinde populasyon yapısı değerlendirmesi
Authors: İLHAN Doğan 
Published: March 2018

Baklagil yembitkisi olan yonca (Medicago sativa L.), hayvancılık için paha biçilemez bir üründür ve
dünya çapında ve Türkiye genelinde yetiştirilmektedir. İlk çeşitlilik
bölgelerinin kökeninin Kafkasya, Kuzey İran ve Türkiye’nin Kuzeydoğusu olduğu
kabul edilmektedir. Yonca’nın değişik
ekotipleri çok sayıda yetiştirici tarafından kültüre alınarak yetiştirilmekte
ya da coğrafi ve iklim koşulları temelinde yabani olarak yetişmektedir. Yonca
ekotiplerinin populasyon yapısı ile ilgili olarak alttürler arasındaki genetik
yapı temelinde bazı ayrışmalar görülmektedir. Bu çalışmada, Doğu Anadolu Bölgesinde yayılış
gösteren 4 farklı yonca ekotip populasyonunun 31 SSR markörü kullanılarak
populasyon yapısı değerlendirilmiştir. Sonuçlar, toplam 16 farklı genotipten
oluşan populasyonların 3 alttür (sativa,
varia and falcata) şeklinde birbirinden açık bir şekilde ayrıldığını
göstermiştir. Gerçekleştirilen bu çalışmanın hem daha fazla yonca
populasyonunun değerlendirilmesinde hem de bilimsel açıdan kompleks üyelerinin
sınıflandırılmasında önemli bir referans olabileceği düşünülmektedir.
Perfil académico y motivacional del estudiante de medicina de la Universidad de Manizales.
Authors: Páez Cala Martha Luz , Castaño Castrillón José Jaime 
Published: March 2018

Se establece el perfil académico y motivacional del estudiante de la facultad de medicina de la Universidad de Manizales, para analizar cómo evoluciona a medida que transcurre el proceso educativo y hasta qué punto se está logrando el perfil del profesional médico planeado y visionado.