bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nasal colonisation, antimicrobial susceptibility and genotypic pattern of Staphylococcus aureus among agricultural biotechnology students in Besut, Terengganu, east coast of Malaysia
Authors: Zarizal Suhaili , Yeo Chew Chieng , Faizal Ghazali Mohd , Chew Ching Hoong , Zakaria Zainul Amiruddin , Jamil Al‐Obaidi Mazen M. , Syafinaz Amin Nordin , Mohd Nasir Mohd Desa 
Published: June 2018

AbstractBackgroundThis study aimed to profile the antimicrobial susceptibility and presence of resistance and virulence genes of methicillin‐susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) and MRSA nasal carriage, by means of genotypic analyses, in students of a tertiary institution in the state of Terengganu, east coast of Malaysia.MethodsA total of 370 agricultural biotechnology students from Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin in Besut, Terengganu, were enrolled in this study. Antimicrobial susceptibility profiles were evaluated by standard methods. PCR detection of resistance and virulence genes was performed on S. aureus that were methicillin‐resistant, macrolide–lincosamide–streptogramin B (MLSB)‐positive phenotype and/or positive for the leukocidin (pvl) gene followed by staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec), staphylococcal protein A (spa) and accessory gene regulator (agr) typing.ResultsOne hundred and nineteen of 370 students carried S. aureus (32%); 18 of the isolates were MRSA (15%). Erythromycin resistance was detected in 20% (24/119) of which 15% (18/119) were MRSA and 5% (6/119) MSSA. Among the 24 erythromycin‐resistant isolates, D‐test was positive in 29% (7/24) displaying inducible MLSB, whereas the remaining 71% (17/24) showed constitutive MLSB phenotypes. Nine (7.6%) of 119 isolates were pvl positive: 44% MRSA (4/9) and 56% MSSA (5/9). Staphylococcal surface protein sasX gene was present in 92% of MRSA and 8% of MSSA isolates. The majority of MRSA isolates were agr type I (15/18; 83%). Five spa types identified with spa t037 were predominant, followed by spa types (t304 and t8696) as newly reported Malaysian MRSA in a community setting.ConclusionThe presence of MRSA with SCCmec of hospital‐associated features and globally recognised spa types in community setting is worrisome. Furthermore, the presence of MLSB strains among multidrug‐resistant (MDR) S. aureus with sasX as well as pvl‐positive isolates highlights the potential risk of a community setting in facilitating the dissemination of both virulence and resistance determinants.
The prevalence of medial coronoid process disease is high in lame large breed dogs and quantitative radiographic assessments contribute to the diagnosis
Authors: Mostafa Ayman , Nolte Ingo , Wefstaedt Patrick 
Published: June 2018

AbstractMedial coronoid process disease is a common leading cause of thoracic limb lameness in dogs. Computed tomography and arthroscopy are superior to radiography to diagnose medial coronoid process disease, however, radiography remains the most available diagnostic imaging modality in veterinary practice. Objectives of this retrospective observational study were to describe the prevalence of medial coronoid process disease in lame large breed dogs and apply a novel method for quantifying the radiographic changes associated with medial coronoid process and subtrochlear‐ulnar region in Labrador and Golden Retrievers with confirmed medial coronoid process disease. Purebred Labrador and Golden Retrievers (n = 143, 206 elbows) without and with confirmed medial coronoid process disease were included. The prevalence of medial coronoid process disease in lame large breed dogs was calculated. Mediolateral and craniocaudal radiographs of elbows were analyzed to assess the medial coronoid process length and morphology, and subtrochlear‐ulnar width. Mean grayscale value was calculated for radial and subtrochlear‐ulnar zones. The prevalence of medial coronoid process disease was 20.8%. Labrador and Golden Retrievers were the most affected purebred dogs (29.6%). Elbows with confirmed medial coronoid process disease had short (P < 0.0001) and deformed (∼95%) medial coronoid process, with associated medial coronoid process osteophytosis (7.5%). Subtrochlear‐ulnar sclerosis was evidenced in ∼96% of diseased elbows, with a significant increase (P < 0.0001) in subtrochlear‐ulnar width and standardized grayscale value. Radial grayscale value did not differ between groups. Periarticular osteophytosis was identified in 51.4% of elbows with medial coronoid process disease. Medial coronoid process length and morphology, and subtrochlear‐ulnar width and standardized grayscale value varied significantly in dogs with confirmed medial coronoid process disease compared to controls. Findings indicated that medial coronoid process disease has a high prevalence in lame large breed dogs and that quantitative radiographic assessments can contribute to the diagnosis.
Disseminated Rhodococcus equi in an Anglo‐Nubian goat
Authors: Haanen Gillian A. Y. , Lim Chee Kin , Baird Aubrey N. , Sola Mario F. , Lenz Stephen D. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractDisseminated Rhodococcus equi infection was diagnosed in an Anglo‐Nubian goat presenting for non‐weight bearing lameness of the right pelvic limb. Radiographs showed a moth‐eaten osteolytic lesion in the proximal tibia suggestive of an aggressive bone lesion. Two pulmonary nodules were also present on thoracic radiographs. Initial antemortem cytology of the tibial lesion was suggestive of Rhodococcosis and the goat was sent to necropsy. Necropsy and bacterial culture confirmed the diagnosis of disseminated R. equi infection in the right tibia, lungs, and liver.
Complete Mitochondrial Genome Sequence of Bighorn Sheep
Authors: Davenport Kimberly M. , Duan Mingrui , Hunter Samuel S. , New Daniel D. , Fagnan Matthew W. , Highland Margaret A. , Murdoch Brenda M. 
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACT

We report here the complete mitochondrial genome sequence of a Rocky Mountain bighorn sheep (
Ovis canadensis
) in the United States. The circular genome has a size of 16,466 bp and contains 13 protein-coding genes, 22 tRNA genes, and 2 rRNA genes.
Breakthrough cancer pain (BTcP) management: a review of international and national guidelines
Authors: Davies Andrew Neil , Elsner Frank , Filbet Marilène Jeanne , Porta-Sales Josep , Ripamonti Carla , Santini Daniele , Webber Kath 
Published: June 2018

ObjectiveBreakthrough cancer pain (BTcP) is common and has a significant impact on the quality of life of patients with cancer. This review compares current national/international BTcP guidelines in order to identify disparities and priorities for further research.MethodsRelevant guidelines were identified using searches of PubMed, the National Guideline Clearinghouse, the internet (commercial search engines), and correspondence with key opinion leaders and relevant pharmaceutical companies. Identified guidelines were compared, using the Association for Palliative Medicine of Great Britain and Ireland recommendations as the ‘reference’ guideline.ResultsTen specific BTcP guidelines were identified/reviewed, as well as major international generic cancer pain guidelines. In general, there was good agreement between the specific BTcP guidelines, although there remain some differences in terms of definition, diagnostic criteria and treatment of BTcP. Disparities between the different BTcP guidelines invariably reflect personal opinion rather than research evidence. Generic cancer pain guidelines continue to support the use of oral opioids as rescue medication, while specific BTcP guidelines invariably endorse the use of transmucosal opioids as rescue medication.ConclusionCurrent guidelines agree on many aspects of the management of BTcP. However, the evidence to support current guidelines remains low grade, and so more research is needed in this area of care. Moreover, there needs to be an international consensus on the definition and diagnosis criteria of BTcP.
Surveillance of premalignant gastric lesions: a multicentre prospective cohort study from low incidence regions
Authors: den Hollander Wouter J , Holster I Lisanne , den Hoed Caroline M , Capelle Lisette G , Tang Tjon J , Anten Marie-Paule , Prytz-Berset Ingrid , Witteman Ellen M , ter Borg Frank , Hartog Gijsbert den , Bruno Marco J , Peppelenbosch Maikel Petrus , Lesterhuis Wilco , Doukas Michael , Kuipers Ernst J , Spaander Manon C W 
Published: June 2018

ObjectiveInternational guidelines recommend endoscopic surveillance of premalignant gastric lesions. However, the diagnostic yield and preventive effect require further study. We therefore aimed to assess the incidence of neoplastic progression and to assess the ability of various tests to identify patients most at risk for progression.DesignPatients from the Netherlands and Norway with a previous diagnosis of atrophic gastritis (AG), intestinal metaplasia (IM) or dysplasia were offered endoscopic surveillance. All histological specimens were assessed according to the updated Sydney classification and the operative link on gastric intestinal metaplasia (OLGIM) system. In addition, we measured serum pepsinogens (PG) and gastrin-17.Results279 (mean age 57.9 years, SD 11.4, male/female 137/142) patients were included and underwent at least one surveillance endoscopy during follow-up. The mean follow-up time was 57 months (SD 36). Four subjects (1.4%) were diagnosed with high-grade adenoma/dysplasia or invasive neoplasia (ie, gastric cancer) during follow-up. Two of these patients were successfully treated with endoscopic submucosal dissection, while the other two underwent a total gastrectomy. Compared with patients with extended AG/IM (PGI/II≤3 and/or OGLIM stage III–IV), patients with limited AG/IM (PG I/II>3 and OLGIM stage 0–II) did not develop high-grade adenoma/dysplasia or invasive neoplasia during follow-up (p=0.02).ConclusionIn a low gastric cancer incidence area, a surveillance programme can detect gastric cancer at an early curable stage with an overall risk of neoplastic progression of 0.3% per year. Use of serological markers in endoscopic surveillance programmes may improve risk stratification.
CSF cytokine profile in MOG-IgG+ neurological disease is similar to AQP4-IgG+ NMOSD but distinct from MS: a cross-sectional study and potential therapeutic implications
Authors: Kaneko Kimihiko , Sato Douglas Kazutoshi , Nakashima Ichiro , Ogawa Ryo , Akaishi Tetsuya , Takai Yoshiki , Nishiyama Shuhei , Takahashi Toshiyuki , Misu Tatsuro , Kuroda Hiroshi , Tanaka Satoru , Nomura Kyoichi , Hashimoto Yuji , Callegaro Dagoberto , Steinman Lawrence , Fujihara Kazuo , Aoki Masashi 
Published: June 2018

ObjectiveTo evaluate cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cytokine profiles in myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein IgG-positive (MOG-IgG+) disease in adult and paediatric patients.MethodsIn this cross-sectional study, we measured 27 cytokines in the CSF of MOG-IgG+ disease in acute phase before treatment (n=29). The data were directly compared with those in aquaporin-4 antibody-positive (AQP4-IgG+) neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) (n=20), multiple sclerosis (MS) (n=20) and non-inflammatory controls (n=14).ResultsIn MOG-IgG+ disease, there was no female preponderance and the ages were younger (mean 18 years, range 3–68; 15 were below 18 years) relative to AQP4-IgG+ NMOSD (41, 15–77) and MS (34, 17–48). CSF cell counts were higher and oligoclonal IgG bands were mostly negative in MOG-IgG+ disease and AQP4-IgG+ NMOSD compared with MS. MOG-IgG+ disease had significantly elevated levels of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, granulocyte-colony stimulating factor and granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor, interferon-γ, IL-10, IL-1 receptor antagonist, monocyte chemotactic protein-1 and macrophage inflammatory protein-1α as compared with MS. No cytokine in MOG-IgG+ disease was significantly different from AQP4-IgG+ NMOSD. Moreover many elevated cytokines were correlated with each other in MOG-IgG+ disease and AQP4-IgG+ NMOSD but not in MS. No difference in the data was seen between adult and paediatric MOG-IgG+ cases.ConclusionsThe CSF cytokine profile in the acute phase of MOG-IgG+ disease is characterised by coordinated upregulation of T helper 17 (Th17) and other cytokines including some Th1-related and regulatory T cells-related ones in adults and children, which is similar to AQP4-IgG+ NMOSD but clearly different from MS. The results suggest that as with AQP4-IgG+ NMOSD, some disease-modifying drugs for MS may be ineffective in MOG-IgG+ disease while they may provide potential therapeutic targets.
Assessing the effect of ingredients variability on the composition of the final complete feed for swine
Authors: Fabà Lluís , Solà-Oriol David , Balfagon Aitor , Coma Jaume , Gasa Josep 
Published: June 2018

To characterize the variability of 11 feed ingredients and their impact on the final feed, 728 ingredient samples were collected during 5 months in a feed-plant and were analyzed by near-infrared spectrophotometry (NIRS). Six diets for fattening pigs and gestating sows were formulated using regional information of ingredient chemical composition (reference): LIM, limited; EU, common European; and MULT, multi-ingredient; respectively, including 5, 7, and 10 ingredients. The formulas were replicated 15 times using actual chemical composition (NIRS) from three samples per ingredient and month. This theoretical procedure was validated through small-scale manufacturing 30 LIM-diets, which samples were proximal (PA) and NIRS analyzed for dry matter and crude protein (CP) contents. Those mixtures were also PA analyzed. The ingredients showed coefficient of variation (CV %) higher for crude fiber (CF) (2.6%–18.3%) than CP (2.0%–9.3%). Comparing all diets for all chemical components, variability was reduced when including more ingredients from 0.5%–5.5% to 0.3%–2.6% CV. In most cases, the actual chemical composition of the diets underestimated their reference formula (1.3%–10.8%, CP and CF). A deviation from the targeted diet occurs if variability is not regarded. Therefore, a proper method to predict ingredient composition and nutritional value before use may increase the accuracy of diet formulation between 2% and 10%.
A history of exploration offshore Norway: the Barents Sea
Authors: Jakobsson K. H. 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
The exploration activities in the Barents Sea started as far back as 1907 with the first geological expedition to the Spitsbergen archipelago. Exploration for oil and gas started with the Kvadhuken well in 1961, followed by several other wells. Fina Exploration drilled two wells on the Island of Hopen in 1973. The NPD acquired the first seismic data in 1969. The universities collected seismic profiles from 1969 as part of the Continental Shelf Project.
The first licences in the Barents Sea were awarded in the 5th concession round in Norway in 1980. The results so far (2016) are two fields in production, Snøhvit and Goliat, and several in the evaluation phase.
The main exploration challenges in the Barents Sea are the Tertiary uplift and erosion of Jurassic and Cretaceous rocks, and the maturation of the source rocks due to the uplift. The discoveries Gotha and Alta in 2013–15 proved the Permian carbonate play. The awards in the 23rd concession round opened the Barents SE area bordering Russia. One well was drilled in 2017 with encouraging results and two more will be drilled in 2018.
Palaeogeographical and palaeoclimatic evolution of the intracratonic Parnaíba Basin, NE Brazil using GPlates plate tectonic reconstructions and chemostratigraphic tools
Authors: Jaju Marwan M. , Mort Haydon P. , Nader Fadi H. , Filho Mário L. , Macdonald David I. M. 
Published: June 2018

Abstract

The intracratonic Paleozoic Parnaíba Basin, NE Brazil covers
c.
600 000 km
2
. Lithostratigraphic, mineralogical and geochemical approaches were used to deduce the changing environments of deposition of the Parnaíba Basin based on 150, mostly argillite, samples (Silurian–earliest Triassic). The results indicate that brackish conditions and mixed kerogen sources were important and that the palaeowater depth and sources of meteoric water varied from west to east. The chemical index of alteration results, together with other elemental and mineralogical data, indicate that the western margin was humid until the end of the Carboniferous and then became arid, whereas the eastern margin showed the reverse pattern. This supports observations of major stratigraphic differences between the two margins. There were also major variations in the palaeoredox and palaeosalinity conditions (oxic and fresh to brackish water systems in the east v. suboxic to dysoxic and saline water systems in the west). The clay mineral assemblages are characteristically dominated by kaolinite, which is considered to be inherited from weathering horizons developed in silicic granitic terranes. Regional palaeoclimate reconstructions were carried out in the Parnaíba Basin by linking GPlates software with the South America plate motion model (northwards drift during the Paleozoic coupled with a latest Paleozoic rotation phase) and with the regional database of information on the location, formation name and original references for each locality.
Alcohol, Diet and Drug Use Preceding Alcoholic Hepatitis
Authors: Parker Richard , Neuberger James M. 
Published: June 2018

<b><i>Background:</i></b> Alcoholic hepatitis (AH) is a severe manifestation of alcohol-related liver disease characterised by jaundice and liver failure. It is not known what might trigger an episode of AH. We interviewed patients to investigate changes in behaviour before the onset of AH. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Structured interviews were performed with patients with AH to examine their alcohol use, diet, drug use and smoking habit. Clinical and laboratory results were noted. Patients were followed up for 12 months after interview. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Data from 39 patients was analysed. No single behavioural change occurred before the onset of jaundice, although reductions in alcohol and/or dietary intake were common. Reduction in alcohol use was seen to occur approximately 14 days before the onset of jaundice. Increased alcohol intake was not common. Clinical and laboratory data varied between types of behaviour changes, although these were not statistically significant. No changes in drug use or tobacco were reported before AH. Those who had not reduced alcohol intake or had increased their drinking had better survival. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> No single type of behaviour change is associated with AH. Contrary to previous assertions, increased alcohol intake was not common; in fact, participants were much more likely to have reduced their alcohol intake.
Non-Puerperal Uterine Inversion: A Systematic Review
Authors: Rosa Silva Bruno , de Oliveira Meller Fernanda , Uggioni Maria Laura , Grande Antonio Jose , Chiaramonte Silva Napoleão , Colonetti Tamy , Rebello Jorge Roberto , da Rosa Maria Inês 
Published: June 2018

<b><i>Background:</i></b> Non-puerperal uterine inversions are rare. The objective of the study was to investigate the frequency, causes, clinical presentations, and management of published case reports of non-puerperal uterine inversion. <b><i>Material and Methods:</i></b> We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, LILACS, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, IBECS, BIOSIS, the Web of Science, SCOPUS, Conference Abstracts, and grey literature (Google scholar; the British Library) for papers published from January 1940 through March 2017. <b><i>Results:</i></b> We found a total of 170 case reports. The most common cause was leyomioma (57.2%) followed by sarcoma (13.5%). The definitive treatment of most cases was hysterectomy (86.8%). The median hemoglobin levels were seven, showing the severity of the condition by previous vaginal bleeding. All reported cases had a correct management demonstrated by the prognosis until hospital discharge. All patients were discharged, most of them without serious postoperative events. Cancer cases were referred for proper treatment. Only 2 cases of death were reported in 6 weeks and 3 months, respectively, both cases of cancer in advanced stages. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Non-puerperal uterine inversion is rare. There have been 170 cases reports in the literature since 1940.
Trends in the Management of Nonviable Pregnancies of Unknown Location in the United States
Authors: Parks Melissa A. , Barnhart Kurt T. , Howard David L. 
Published: June 2018

<b><i>Background:</i></b> When managing a nonviable pregnancy of unknown location (PUL), a debate has emerged in the literature whether to perform uterine curettage for definitive diagnosis of pregnancy location or administer methotrexate for a presumed ectopic pregnancy. The purpose of this study is to describe the treatment patterns when managing a PUL. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> A prospective, anonymous Internet based-electronic survey of PUL case scenarios was administered to a random sample of physicians across the United States. <b><i>Results:</i></b> A total of 214 physicians responded. When presented with a PUL by ultrasound and a βhCG measurement of 3,270 mIU/mL, which is above the discriminatory level, 88.3% (188) would choose an additional βhCG measurement before recommending any intervention. When presented with a PUL by ultrasound and serial βhCG measurements demonstrating an inappropriate trend for a viable gestation, 36.5% would offer uterine curettage and 31.3% would offer methotrexate. Resident and private clinicians had a fourfold lower adjusted odds of choosing uterine curettage compared to academic physicians. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Based on our findings, there does not appear to be a consensus regarding the management of a PUL.
Incorporation of Social Determinants of Health in the Peer-Reviewed Literature: A Systematic Review of Articles Authored by the National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention
Authors: Friedman Eleanor E. , Dean Hazel D. , Duffus Wayne A. 
Published: June 2018

Objectives: Social determinants of health (SDHs) are the complex, structural, and societal factors that are responsible for most health inequities. Since 2003, the National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention (NCHHSTP) has researched how SDHs place communities at risk for communicable diseases and poor adolescent health. We described the frequency and types of SDHs discussed in articles authored by NCHHSTP. Methods: We used the MEDLINE/PubMed search engine to systematically review the frequency and type of SDHs that appeared in peer-reviewed publications available in PubMed from January 1, 2009, through December 31, 2014, with a NCHHSTP affiliation. We chose search terms to identify articles with a focus on the following SDH categories: income and employment, housing and homelessness, education and schooling, stigma or discrimination, social or community context, health and health care, and neighborhood or built environment. We classified articles based on the depth of topic coverage as “substantial” (ie, one of ≤3 foci of the article) or “minimal” (ie, one of ≥4 foci of the article). Results: Of 862 articles authored by NCHHSTP, 366 (42%) addressed the SDH factors of interest. Some articles addressed >1 SDH factor (366 articles appeared 568 times across the 7 categories examined), and we examined them for each category that they addressed. Most articles that addressed SDHs (449/568 articles; 79%) had a minimal SDH focus. SDH categories that were most represented in the literature were health and health care (190/568 articles; 33%) and education and schooling (118/568 articles; 21%). Conclusions: This assessment serves as a baseline measurement of inclusion of SDH topics from NCHHSTP authors in the literature and creates a methodology that can be used in future assessments of this topic.