bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
3D scanner measuring preterm infants’ head circumference and cranial volume: validation in a simulated care setting
Authors: van Gils Ronald , Helder Onno , Kornelisse René , Reiss Irwin , Dankelman Jenny 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionWeekly head circumference (HC) measurements using a measuring tape is the current standard for longitudinal brain growth monitoring of preterm infants. The MONITOR3D (M3D) 3D scanner has been developed to measure both HC and cranial volume (CrV) of preterm infants within incubators. The M3D’s usability, accuracy and precision were validated in a simulated setting in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).Materials and methodsDuring a simulated routine care moment, NICU nurses conducted M3D scans of a preterm doll simulating an extreme low birthweight preterm (ELBW; BW &lt; 1,000 g) infant, followed by manual HC measurements using a measuring tape. Usability was quantified by percentage of successful HC and CrV measurements from scans. HC and CrV were calculated by marking anatomical landmarks on the 3D image. Measurements were compared to the real, ground truth (GT) values of the doll’s head, defined by an accurate medical scanner. Measurement accuracy was assessed using mean or median absolute measurement error (ME), and precision by the spread of ME, represented by the 95% interval of the ME range. ME intervals were compared with preterm weekly growth increases to assess clinical usability.ResultsRegarding usability, 56 M3D scan sessions resulted in 25 successful (44.6%) HC and CrV measurements, with incomplete 3D data being the primary cause of unsuccessful scans. Accuracy of the measuring tape for HC was 0.2 cm (proportional 0.9% of GT), and precision was 1.6 cm (6.3%). M3D’s accuracy of HC was 0.4 cm (1.5%), and precision was 0.7 cm (2.9%). For CrV, M3D’s accuracy was 8.0 mL (3.8%) and precision 22.6 mL (10.8%).ConclusionThe M3D scanner is suitable for measuring HC and CrV in ELBW infants. However, current scan success rate is too low for practical usability. The M3D’s accuracy and precision are clinically sufficient, while the precision of the current measuring tape method is inadequate for preterm infants. This makes the M3D a promising alternative for HC, offering less disturbance to the infant. In the future, the M3D technique could facilitate the creation of CrV growth reference charts for ELBW infants, enhancing the accuracy of clinical growth monitoring for preterm infants.
Detection and discovery of plant viruses in Disporopsis through high-throughput sequencing
Authors: Li Qiannan , Yang Lianfu , Zhu Ting , Yv Xiyv , Zhang Boxin , Li Hongzhe , Hao Junjie , Zhang Lei , Ji Pengzhang , Dong Jiahong 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundDisporopsis, a member of the Liliaceae family and a perennial herb, is predominantly cultivated in southwestern and southeastern China. Its rhizome, referred to as Zhugenqi, serves as a traditional Chinese medicinal herb for the treatment of bone injuries. However, viral diseases have emerged as a significant challenge in the cultivation of Disporopsis.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to identify and characterize viruses present in diseased samples of Disporopsis spp. using high-throughput sequencing (HTS) and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) to enhance the understanding of the virome associated with Disporopsis and to inform diagnostic and control strategies for viral diseases in this plant.MethodsDiseased samples of Disporopsis spp. were subjected to HTS and RT-PCR for virus identification. A total of five viruses were detected, including three novel viruses and two known viruses. The novel viruses were provisionally named Disporopsis chlorotic stripe virus (DCSV), Disporopsis pernyi-associated partitivirus (DaPTV), and Disporopsis pernyi-associated lispi-like virus (DaLV). Sequence identity and phylogenetic analyses were performed to confirm the novelty and taxonomic placement of these viruses.ResultsDCSV exhibited polyprotein sequence identities ranging from 47.6% to 83.6% with other potyviruses, with the highest identity (83.6%) shared with Polygonatum kingianum virus 5 (PKgV5). DaLV shared an amino acid sequence identity of 34.59% with maize suscal virus (MSV), and DaPTV shared an identity of 76.18–85.10% with Paris alphapartitivirus (ParAPV). Phylogenetic analyses supported the potential classification of the three novel viruses as new members of their respective genera. Two isolates of polygonatum mosaic-associated virus 1 (PMaV1) were identified in Disporopsis for the first time, showing divergences of 96.33% and 98.86% from existing isolates. RT-PCR analysis of 67 Disporopsis field samples collected from four cities in China revealed that more than half of the samples tested positive for at least one of the five viruses. PMaV1 and DaLV were the most prevalent, detected in 22 and 34 out of the 67 samples, respectively. Other viruses were detected at low rates and/or had limited distribution.ConclusionThis study provides insights into the virome infecting Disporopsis and offers valuable information for the diagnosis and control of viral diseases in this plant. The identification of five viruses, including three potential new members of their respective genera, contributes to the understanding of the viral threats to Disporopsis cultivation.
Magnesium-related gene ITGAL: a key immunotherapy predictor and prognostic biomarker in pan-cancer
Authors: Lin Fengjie , Yang Hanxuan , Huang Zongwei , Li Ying , Ding Qin , Ye Yunbin , Qiu Sufang 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundIntegrin subunit alpha L (ITGAL) is crucial for activating CD8+ T cells through magnesium-mediated immune synapse formation and specific cytotoxicity. ITGAL might exert an important function in the growth and transformation of cancer.MethodsOur study comprehensively analyzed ITGAL expression across various cancers, validated by Immunochemistry (IHC) in the laboratory. ITGAL showed prognostic significance in pan-cancer patients, correlated with clinical features, and associated with specific signaling pathways. We also observed a relationship between ITGAL and immune cell infiltration. In HNSCC, ITGAL demonstrated prognostic value and potential implications for immunotherapy response and novel drug targets.ResultsITGAL expression linked to tumor prognosis across 27 cancers. Elevated ITGAL correlated with good prognosis in CESC, LUAD, SARC, HNSCC, and SKCM. ITGAL involved in immune regulation pathways and showed positive correlation with immune cell infiltration. ITGAL associated with CD8+ T cell infiltration. And high ITGAL expression in CD8+ T cells and NK cells. In HNSCC, ITGAL linked to favorable prognosis and sensitivity to immunotherapy. Predicted potential drugs for HNSCC.ConclusionITGAL is remarkably associated with CD8+T cells and crucial in the tumor immune microenvironment of pan-cancer. Furthermore, our findings may provide a targeted anti-tumor strategy for ITGAL by influencing the tumor immune microenvironment.
Psychological assessment and the role of the psychologist in early palliative care
Authors: Iannizzi Pamela , Feltrin Alessandra , Martino Rosalba , De Toni Chiara , Galiano Antonella , Pambuku Ardi , Nardi Mariateresa , Meraviglia Nicla , Brunello Antonella , Zagonel Vittorina 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundEarly palliative care (EPC) is a recommended model for improving the quality of life for patients with advanced cancer and their caregivers. However, limited research has focused on the role of psychological evaluation within EPC. The Veneto Institute of Oncology (IOV), a Comprehensive Cancer Centre, employs an interdisciplinary team to assess patients with advanced-stage disease. This study aims to assess the psychological needs of these patients, investigate any correlations between psychological symptoms (PSs) and factors such as awareness of diagnosis and prognosis, symptoms detected using the Edmonton Symptom Assessment System (ESAS), as well as the patient’s gender, age, social issues, and survival and to clarify the psychologist’s role within the interdisciplinary team.MethodsData were retrieved from a prospectively maintained database. From 1st January 2018 to 31st December 2021, 819 consecutive patients were evaluated during EPC consultations, with 753 participants enrolled in the study. The ESAS was administered to each patient before the consultation.ResultsMore than half of the patients (385, 57.1%) reported at least one PS, with an ESAS score of ≥4. Specifically, 34.9% reported depression, 28.7% reported anxiety, and 43.2% indicated feeling “not well.” Referring oncologists tended to overestimate the presence of PSs compared to patient self-reports (51.8% versus 41.3%). According to the psychologists’ assessment, 29.2% of participants were found to have depression, and 10.8% of participants had anxiety. Additionally, 31 patients (10.8%) with psychological disorders were diagnosed with an adaptation disorder related to a physical condition. The psychology service engaged 47% of patients, while 18.5% declined psychological support. Patients exhibiting other ESAS symptoms with scores of ≥4 had an increased odds ratio for reporting PSs of ≥4. However, multivariable analysis revealed no significant relationship between PSs and awareness of diagnosis and prognosis.ConclusionThe systematic use of self-assessment in EPC is essential for understanding patient’s experience, determining whether PSs stem from physical disorders, and prioritizing interventions. Awareness of prognosis does not correlate with increased anxiety and depression in patients. Therefore, EPC is an ideal opportunity to discuss prognosis and facilitate patients’ end-of-life choices early in their care journey.
The impact of digital communication and offline social interactions on depressive symptoms in Chinese older people
Authors: Chai Qi , Yang Zhengting , Luo Yiting , Deng Yin , Qin Lu , Yang Zhibo , Wang Ruizhi , Zhou Yongzhao 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundIn a special period of lack of offline social interaction (pandemic), the mentality of older people is changing quietly. This study aims to dissect the impact of these changes on their mental health.MethodUtilizing data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS 2020), this research included 7,784 participants aged over 60 years. It evaluated the prevalence of depressive symptoms, and assessed the relative effects of these interactions on depressive symptoms.Results(1) a depressive symptom prevalence of 40.65%; (2) a modest engagement in digital communication, with only 20.39% of the older participating; (3) varying prevalences of depressive symptoms across groups, with notable differences depending on the type and combination of social interactions. Specifically, the prevalence was 21.7% among those engaging only in digital communication, and varied from 21.7 to 32.0% among other groups, highlighting the significant impact of social interaction patterns on depressive symptoms. Statistical analysis confirmed the significance of these findings (χ2 = 42.415, p &lt; 0.001). (4) In the first model, digital communication was associated with a lower likelihood of depressive symptoms (OR = 0.820, 95%CI: 0.707–0.950, p &lt; 0.05). The second model showed no significant effect of offline social interactions on depressive symptoms (OR = 0.124, 95%CI: 0.917–1.143, p = 0.678). The third model demonstrated that the inclusion of offline social interaction variables did not significantly alter the beneficial effect of digital communication (OR = 0.820, 95%CI: 0.707–0.952, p &lt; 0.05). (5) The results of the 1:1 matching analysis indicated that digital communication significantly alleviated depressive symptoms in older people (ATT = −0.054, p &lt; 0.05). Conversely, offline social interactions did not significantly affect the depressive symptoms of this demographic (ATT = −0.028, p &gt; 0.05).ConclusionThe depressive symptoms among older people in China has greatly increased during 2020 which year the COVID-19 pandemic was in the early stage, accompanied by considerable changes in their modes of social interaction. Our findings suggest that the influences of digital communication and offline social interactions on depressive symptoms may have operated independently during the pandemic. The potential of digital communication engagements in enhancing mental health, particularly in exceptional circumstances such as during a pandemic, underscores the need for further exploration.
Increased active pulmonary tuberculosis risk from sharing bong of cannabis: a case–control study from Thailand
Authors: Chumchuen Kemmapon , Chongsuvivatwong Virasakdi 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionTuberculosis (TB) is a chronic lung disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Tobacco smoking and sharing of instruments have been reported to increase TB risk. In 2022, cannabis was legalized in Thailand. To address for the potential increase in cannabis use after legalization and the reported increased TB risk associated with cannabis usage, we aimed to estimate the odds ratio and population-attributable fraction (PAF) of different types of cannabis use.Materials and methodsA matched case–control study was conducted in the Songkhla Province of Southern Thailand in 2023. Face-to-face interviews were conducted to collect information on cannabis consumption. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to estimate the odds ratios representing TB risk from the independent variables. PAF was also calculated to compare the public health impacts of the variables.ResultsAmong the 148 TB cases and 117 healthy controls, we observed lower socioeconomic status and higher proportions of tobacco and alcohol use in these cases. Eleven percent of the controls were current cannabis users, while nearly 19% had ever experienced cannabis use. The proportions of ever-used, smoked, and shared cannabis use were significantly higher in these cases. After adjusting for covariates, the best-fit model showed an odds ratio of 4.22 (95% confidence interval: 1.47–12.07) for smoking and sharing a bong of cannabis. No statistical significance was found for the other types of consumption. PAF of smoked and shared bongs of cannabis was 12.16, which was slightly lower than that found in smoking tobacco (12.62).ConclusionIncreased numbers of cannabis users, especially shared smokers, may have an impact on TB risk in lower-middle-income countries, where TB is already highly prevalent.
Depletion by Hemodialysis of the Antioxidant Ergothioneine
Authors: Suba Josef K. , Keo Lindsey S. , Sirich Tammy L. 
Published: November 2024

Key Points

Hemodialysis may excessively remove valuable solutes.Ergothioneine, a potentially valuable antioxidant, is markedly depleted in the erythrocytes and plasma of people receiving hemodialysis.These findings motivate further investigation into the consequences of ergothioneine depletion in people with kidney disease.

Background
Hemodialysis may excessively remove valuable solutes. Untargeted metabolomics data from a prior study suggested that ergothioneine (Ergo) was depleted in the plasma of hemodialysis participants. Ergo is a dietary-derived solute with antioxidant properties. The presence of a highly specific Ergo uptake transporter suggests that it is valuable. Ergo levels are high in tissues susceptible to oxidative stress, particularly erythrocytes. We compared erythrocyte and plasma Ergo levels in participants receiving hemodialysis with those in participants with advanced CKD and participants without known kidney disease (controls). We further examined the extent to which indiscriminate removal by hemodialysis could contribute to Ergo depletion.

Methods
Liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry with stable isotope dilution was used to measure the erythrocyte and plasma levels of Ergo in 12 control, 12 CKD, and 11 hemodialysis participants. We also measured the urinary excretion of Ergo in control and participants with CKD and the dialytic removal of Ergo in hemodialysis participants.

Results
Erythrocyte Ergo levels were markedly reduced in CKD and hemodialysis participants. Erythrocyte levels in CKD participants were on average 24% of the levels in control participants and were even lower in hemodialysis participants, averaging 8% of control participants. Plasma Ergo levels were also reduced in CKD and hemodialysis participants, but to a lesser extent than the erythrocyte levels. Kidney tubular reabsorption of Ergo was avid. By contrast, hemodialysis cleared Ergo at a rate of 146±36 ml/min so that removal of Ergo by hemodialysis greatly exceeded the amount excreted in the urine in both CKD and control participants.

Conclusions
Ergo, a potentially valuable antioxidant, is severely depleted in people maintained on hemodialysis. Future studies are required to assess the consequences of Ergo depletion.
HISTORY OF DEVELOPMENT AND RELEVANT ISSUES OF COMPUTER TOMOGRAPHY
Authors: M.R. Madiyeva , D.T. Raissov , A.G. Kuanysheva , A.V. Rakhimbekov , M.N. Baizakova , A. Abylkassymov , A. Kazymbetova , A. Khassenova 
Published: November 2024

Computer tomography (CT) - one of the main methods of radiology, studying with X-ray, measurement and computer working differences in attenuation of X-ray radiation by tissues of different density. Computer tomography lets to to conduct research in transverse planes, taking into account the anatomical features of the patient’s body, and, if necessary, to obtain three-dimensional images to accurately assess the relative position of various organs and tissues. In this article shows main centuries and stages of CT development, formation of CT as diagnostic method which constantly uses in different medical institutes all over the world. CT constantly develops and improves. Authors of this article hope that information outlined in this work will be interesting for students and doctors.
Компьютерная томография - один из основных методов лучевой диагностики исследования с использованием рентгеновского излучения, с измерением и компьютерной обработке разности ослабления рентгеновского излучения различными по плотности тканями. Компьютерная томография позволяет проводить исследование в поперечных плоскостях с учетом анатомических особенностей тела пациента, а при необходимости – получать трехмерные изображения для точной оценки взаиморасположения различных органов и тканей. В данной статье показаны основные вехи и этапы развития компьютерной томографии, становления компьютерной томографии как диагностического метода, который используется постоянно в различных медицинских учреждениях по всему миру. Компьютерная томография постоянно развивается и совершенствуется. Авторы данной статьи надеются, что информация, изложенная в данной работе, будет интересна как студентам, так и практикующим врачам.
Компьтерлік томография – сәулелі диагностиканың рентген сәулелерін қолданып зерттеу әдістерінің ең негізгісі, ол жуандығы әр-түрлі тіндердегі рентген сәулесінің әлсіреуін зерттеу және өңдеуге қолданылады. Компьютерлік томография - пациент денесінің анатомиялық ерекшеліктерін ескере отырып көлденең жазықтықтарды зерттеуге және қажет болған жағдайда мүшелер мен тіндердің орналасуының үшөлшемді кескінің алуға көмектеседі. Берілген мақалада компьютерлік томографияның дамуының басты кезеңдері, компьютерлік томографияның бүкіләлемдік медицина орталықтарында диагностикалық әдіс ретінде қалыптасуы көрсетілген. Компьютерлік томография үздіксіз дамып, жетілуде. Берілген мақала авторлары келтірілген мәліметтер студенттермен қатар, тәжірибеден өтуші дәрігерлерді де қызықтыратындығына үміт артады.
ГИРШПРУНГ АУРУЫ АНЫҚТАЛҒАН БАЛАЛАРҒА СТОМА САЛУ ОТАСЫН ЖЕТІЛДІРУ ТӘЖІРИБЕСІ
Authors: Қ.С. Әшірбай , А.Т. Джумабеков , А.З. Кусаинов , Г.Б. Алтынбаева , К.К. Джаксалыкова , К.Э. Хаиров , Э.Б. Айтбаева , Н.Р. Шиланбаев , М. Жақсылық 
Published: November 2024

Гирпшпрунг ауруы көбінесе тоқ ішектің нерв жүйесінің туа пайда болған ақауымен сипатталатын ауру, жаңа туған нәрестеде клиникасында жиі іштің кебуі, ауыр түрінде ішек өтімсіздігі белгілерімен көрінеді. Бұл патология кейінгі жылдары нейрокристопатия тобына жатқызылуда. Өлімнің негізгі себебі ауыр энтероколиттің дамуына байланысты. Айқын клиникалық көріністердің болмауына байланысты, бұл аурудың нәрестелік кезеңде анықталмай қалуы жиі байқалады. Қазіргі таңда жалғыз емі тек қана ота жасау болып табылады. Нақты диагноз гистопатологиялық препараттарды қараудан кейін қойылады, диагностикасы нәрестелік кезеңде шырышасты қабаттың, бұлшықетаралықтың толық сараланбағандығынан қиыншылық тудырады.
Hirpsprung's disease most often manifests as symptoms of intestinal obstruction, characterized by the colon nervous system congenital disability, frequent bloating, and impaired stool passage up to the clinic of intestinal obstruction. In recent years, this pathology has belonged to the group of neuro-crystopathy. The leading cause of death is the development of severe enterocolitis. Due to the lack of clear clinical manifestations, it is often observed that this disease goes undetected during the neonatal period. Currently, the only treatment is surgery. The final diagnosis is made after examining histopathological specimens, the diagnosis of which is difficult due to incomplete differentiation of the mucous and intermuscular layers in infancy.
Болезнь Гиршпрунга чаще всего проявляется симптомами кишечной непроходимости, характеризующейся врожденным пороком нервной системы толстой кишки, частым вздутием живота, с нарушением отхождения стула вплоть до клиники кишечной непроходимости. Данная патология в последние годы относится к группе нейрокристопатии. Основная причина смерти связана с развитием тяжелого энтероколита. Из-за отсутствия четких клинических проявлений часто наблюдается, что это заболевание остается незамеченным в периоде новорожденности. В настоящее время единственным лечением является операция. Окончательный диагноз ставится после осмотра гистопатологических препаратов, диагностика которых затруднена из-за неполной дифференциации слизистого и межмышечного слоя в младенческом периоде.
ГЕПАТО-РЕНАЛЬНЫЙ СИНДРОМ ПРИ ЦИРРОЗЕ ПЕЧЕНИ. КЛИНИЧЕСКИЙ СЛУЧАЙ.
Authors: А.Т. Шаханова , З.К. Жумадилова , А.Ш. Каскабаева , Т.Е. Шаханов , Г.К. Капанова , А.С. Ботабаева , Д.К. Кожахметова , К.Ш. Жылкыбаева , Д.К. Муздубаев 
Published: November 2024

Гепато-ренальный синдром является одним из грозных осложнений цирроза печени, который может привести к летальному исходу. Описанный клинический случай демонстрирует цирроз печени, который усугубился почечной недостаточностью и печеночной комой, вследствие развития гепато-ренального синдрома. В данной статье описывается течение и тяжесть заболевания, динамика нарастания симптомов. За последние годы распространённость цирроза печени разной этиологии растет. Данные, приведенные в статье будут полезны терапевтам, врачам общей практики, гастроэнтерологам и нефрологам.
Hepato-renal syndrome is one of the formidable complications of liver cirrhosis, which can be fatal. The described clinical case demonstrates a case of liver cirrhosis, which was aggravated by renal failure and hepatic coma due to the development of hepato-renal syndrome. This article shows the severity of the disease, the dynamics of increasing symptoms, and the course of the clinical picture. In recent years, the prevalence of liver cirrhosis of different etiologies is increasing. The data given in the article will be useful for general practitioners, gastroenterologists and nephrologists.