bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Water memory effects and their impacts on global vegetation productivity and resilience
Authors: Liu Laibao , Zhang Yatong , Wu Shuyao , Li Shuangcheng , Qin Dahe 
Published: February 2018

AbstractMemory effects refer to the impacts of antecedent climate conditions on current vegetation productivity. This temporal linkage has been found to be strong in arid and semi-arid regions. However, the dominant climatic factors that determine such patterns are still unclear. Here, we defined’water-memory effects’ as the persistent effects of antecedent precipitation on the vegetation productivity for a given memory length (from 1 to up to 12 months). Based on satellite observations and climate data, we quantified the length of water-memory effects and evaluated the contributions of antecedent precipitation on current vegetation. Our results showed that vegetation productivity was highly dependent on antecedent precipitation in arid and semi-arid regions. The average length of water memory was approximately 5.6 months. Globally, water-memory effects could explain the geographical pattern and strength of memory effects, indicating that precipitation might be the dominant climatic factor determining memory effects because of its impact on water availability. Moreover, our results showed vegetation in regions with low mean annual precipitation or a longer water memory has lower engineering resilience (i.e. slower recovery rate) to disturbances. These findings will enable better assessment of memory effects and improve our understanding of the vulnerability of vegetation to climate change.
Ectopic expression of S28A-mutated Histone H3 modulates longevity, stress resistance and cardiac function in Drosophila
Authors: Joos J. P. , Saadatmand A. R. , Schnabel C. , Viktorinová I. , Brand T. , Kramer M. , Nattel S. , Dobrev D. , Tomancak P. , Backs J. , Kleinbongard P. , Heusch G. , Lorenz K. , Koch E. , Weber S. , El-Armouche A. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractHistone H3 serine 28 (H3S28) phosphorylation and de-repression of polycomb repressive complex (PRC)-mediated gene regulation is linked to stress conditions in mitotic and post-mitotic cells. To better understand the role of H3S28 phosphorylation in vivo, we studied a Drosophila strain with ectopic expression of constitutively-activated H3S28A, which prevents PRC2 binding at H3S28, thus mimicking H3S28 phosphorylation. H3S28A mutants showed prolonged life span and improved resistance against starvation and paraquat-induced oxidative stress. Morphological and functional analysis of heart tubes revealed smaller luminal areas and thicker walls accompanied by moderately improved cardiac function after acute stress induction. Whole-exome deep gene-sequencing from isolated heart tubes revealed phenotype-corresponding changes in longevity-promoting and myotropic genes. We also found changes in genes controlling mitochondrial biogenesis and respiration. Analysis of mitochondrial respiration from whole flies revealed improved efficacy of ATP production with reduced electron transport-chain activity. Finally, we analyzed posttranslational modification of H3S28 in an experimental heart failure model and observed increased H3S28 phosphorylation levels in HF hearts. Our data establish a critical role of H3S28 phosphorylation in vivo for life span, stress resistance, cardiac and mitochondrial function in Drosophila. These findings may pave the way for H3S28 phosphorylation as a putative target to treat stress-related disorders such as heart failure.
The CARMENES search for exoplanets around M dwarfs
Authors: Passegger V. M. , Reiners A. , Jeffers S. V. , Wende-von Berg S. , Schöfer P. , Caballero J. A. , Schweitzer A. , Amado P. J. , Béjar V. J. S. , Cortés-Contreras M. , Hatzes A. P. , Kürster M. , Montes D. , Pedraz S. , Quirrenbach A. , Ribas I. , Seifert W. 
Published: February 2018

Context. The new CARMENES instrument comprises two high-resolution and high-stability spectrographs that are used to search for habitable planets around M dwarfs in the visible and near-infrared regime via the Doppler technique. Aims. Characterising our target sample is important for constraining the physical properties of any planetary systems that are detected. The aim of this paper is to determine the fundamental stellar parameters of the CARMENES M-dwarf target sample from high-resolution spectra observed with CARMENES. We also include several M-dwarf spectra observed with other high-resolution spectrographs, that is CAFE, FEROS, and HRS, for completeness.
Methods. We used a χ2 method to derive the stellar parameters effective temperature Teff, surface gravity logg, and metallicity [Fe/H] of the target stars by fitting the most recent version of the PHOENIX-ACES models to high-resolution spectroscopic data. These stellar atmosphere models incorporate a new equation of state to describe spectral features of low-temperature stellar atmospheres. Since Teff, logg, and [Fe/H] show degeneracies, the surface gravity is determined independently using stellar evolutionary models.
Results. We derive the stellar parameters for a total of 300 stars. The fits achieve very good agreement between the PHOENIX models and observed spectra. We estimate that our method provides parameters with uncertainties of σTeff = 51 K, σlog g = 0.07, and σ[Fe/H] = 0.16, and show that atmosphere models for low-mass stars have significantly improved in the last years. Our work also provides an independent test of the new PHOENIX-ACES models, and a comparison for other methods using low-resolution spectra. In particular, our effective temperatures agree well with literature values, while metallicities determined with our method exhibit a larger spread when compared to literature results.
Counseling Skill Development in Audiology: Clinical Instruction Considerations
Authors: Muñoz Karen 
Published: February 2018

AbstractAudiologists play a critical role in supporting patients as they provide diagnostic information about their hearing and in the delivery of treatment services. Graduate training related to counseling, however, varies among programs in the extent students are prepared to engage effectively and intentionally with patients. Instruction is needed to provide students with a framework that supports their ability to learn and implement evidence-based counseling services. This article addresses the impact patients can experience when counseling gaps exist, shares clinical instruction strategies that can support students' acquisition of counseling skills, and discusses considerations for integration of counseling education into graduate training programs.
Study of Relationship between Central Venous Pressure and Peripheral Venous Pressure during Intraoperative Period in Neurosurgical Patients
Authors: Prakash Jay , Rao Natesh S. , Kumar Sanjeev , Raghwendra Kumar H. , Saran Khushboo , Reddy Sandeep D. 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Background and Objectives Central venous pressure (CVP) and peripheral venous pressure (PVP) are strongly correlated during various surgeries. This study was designed to examine the consistency of CVP–PVP relationships in circumstances of rapidly fluctuating hemodynamics in neurosurgical patients. Prime objective of this study was to determine if PVP can be an effective alternative to invasive CVP for assessing volume status during neurosurgical procedures when expertise, equipment, and patient’s condition contraindicate invasive monitoring.
Subjects and Methods After the approval by the Institutional Ethics Committee, CVP and PVP were measured in 50 neurosurgical patients of the American Society of Anesthesiologists grade I and II operated in supine position. Paired measurements of CVP and PVP were made every 20 minutes, from the starting of anesthesia until the end of surgery; however, in situations of hemodynamic instability, the readings were taken every 5 minutes of interval.
Results The study showed a strong correlation between CVP and PVP (Pearson’s correlation coefficient between CVP and PVP, r = 0.89; 95% CI: 0.81–0.93; p < 0.001). Mean CVP was 5.7 ± 0.8 mm of Hg, mean PVP was 10.4 ± 0.6 mm of Hg, and bias between CVP and PVP was 4.7 ± 0.4 (95% CI: − 4.61 to − 4.83). The Bland–Altman analysis showed that limit of agreement to be 4.0 to 5.5 mm of Hg.
Conclusion This study demonstrated a strong correlation between CVP and PVP. Therefore, PVP monitoring may be a reliable alternative to CVP monitoring during neurosurgery.
Kopfschmerz bei Liquorüberdruck
Authors: Hoffmann J. , Förderreuther S. 
Published: February 2018

ZusammenfassungDie idiopathische intrakranielle Hypertension beruht auf einer intrakraniellen Drucksteigerung unklarer Ätiologie. Das daraus resultierende klinische Bild ist in erster Linie durch einen weitgehend unspezifischen Kopfschmerz und progrediente, potenziell irreversible Sehstörungen charakterisiert wobei nicht selten auch Hirnnervenlähmungen, Riechstörungen und kognitive Defizite beobachtet werden. Die Ursache der intrakraniellen Drucksteigerung ist nicht eindeutig geklärt. Das Vorliegen einer venösen Abflussstörung, die aufgrund des häufig bestehenden Übergewichts oder auch aufgrund eines vaskulären Hindernisses in Form einer bilateralen Stenose des Sinus transversus auftreten kann, erscheint am nahe liegendsten. Auch hormonelle Faktoren könnten von wesentlicher Bedeutung sein und erklären warum überwiegend Frauen von der Erkrankung betroffen sind. Die Behandlung besteht in erster Linie aus einer Gewichtsreduktion und der oralen Gabe von Carboanhydrasehemmern, wobei lediglich für Acetazolamid Daten aus einer placebo-kontrollierten Studie vorliegen. Invasive Behandlungsverfahren sollten nur in therapierefraktären oder besonders fulminanten Fällen mit drohendem Verlust des Sehvermögens erwogen werden.
Update Chronische Obstipation im Kindes- und Jugendalter
Authors: Scholz D. , Gosemann J.-H. , Flemming G. 
Published: February 2018

ZusammenfassungDie chronische Obstipation gehört zu den häufigsten Vorstellungsgründen beim Kinder-arzt. In über 95 % der Fälle liegt eine funktionelle Obstipation (keine organische Erkrankung) vor, die Genese ist meist multikausal. Die Differenzialdiagnostik sollte sich nach den Befunden einer gezielten und strukturierten Anamnese und Untersuchung richten, um ressourcensparend strukturelle, endokrine und metabolische Ursachen auszuschließen. Der Ausschluss organischer Erkrankungen ist unerlässlich, um umgehend eine adäquate Therapie durch entsprechende Spezialisten zu initiieren. Alle Kinder und Jugendlichen mit einer (funktionellen) Obstipation profitieren von einer prompten und sorgfältigen therapeutischen Intervention. Eine verzögerte oder inadäquate Behandlung kann zu einem Stuhlvermeidungsverhalten mit konsekutiver Verschlechterung der Obstipation und ernst-haften psychosozialen Konsequenzen führen. Die besten Ergebnisse hinsichtlich des lang-fristigen Therapieerfolges werden durch eine multimodale Therapie erreicht.
Vertical Impulse as a Determinant of Combination of Step Length and Frequency During Sprinting
Authors: Nagahara Ryu , Takai Yohei , Kanehisa Hiroaki , Fukunaga Tetsuo 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThis study aimed to clarify the influence of vertical impulse on the magnitude of step length (SL) and frequency (SF) and their ratio during the entire acceleration phase of maximal sprinting. Thirty-nine male soccer players performed 60-m sprints, during which step-to-step ground reaction forces were recorded over a 50-m distance. The mean values of spatiotemporal variables and vertical and anteroposterior impulses for each set of four steps during the acceleration phase until the 28th step were computed to examine relationships among variables in seven sections. When controlling for the influence of running speed, stature and corresponding duration of braking or propulsion, vertical impulses during the propulsive phase at the 1st–4th step section and those during the braking phases in the sections from the 5th–8th to the 25th–28th step were positively correlated with SL and SL/SF ratio and negatively correlated with SF, whereas the anteroposterior impulses were not correlated with SL or SF. In conclusion, the current results demonstrate that vertical impulse during the propulsive phase in the initial acceleration stage and that during the braking phase in the middle and later acceleration stages are the most likely determinants of the combination of SL and SF during sprinting.
How to perform Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound (CEUS)
Authors: Dietrich Christoph , Averkiou Michalakis , Nielsen Michael , Barr Richard , Burns Peter , Calliada Fabrizio , Cantisani Vito , Choi Byung , Chammas Maria , Clevert Dirk-André , Claudon Michel , Correas Jean-Michel , Cui Xin-Wu , Cosgrove David , D'Onofrio Mirko , Dong Yi , Eisenbrey JohnR. , Fontanilla Teresa , Gilja Odd , Ignee Andre , Jenssen Christian , Kono Yuko , Kudo Masatoshi , Lassau Nathalie , Lyshchik Andrej , Franca Meloni Maria , Moriyasu Fuminori , Nolsøe Christian , Piscaglia Fabio , Radzina Maija , Saftoiu Adrian , Sidhu Paul , Sporea Ioan , Schreiber-Dietrich Dagmar , Sirlin Claude , Stanczak Maria , Weskott Hans-Peter , Wilson Stephanie , Willmann Juergen , Kim Tae , Jang Hyun-Jung , Vezeridis Alexandar , Westerway Sue 
Published: February 2018

Abstract“How to perform contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS)” provides general advice on the use of ultrasound contrast agents (UCAs) for clinical decision-making and reviews technical parameters for optimal CEUS performance. CEUS techniques vary between centers, therefore, experts from EFSUMB, WFUMB and from the CEUS LI-RADS working group created a discussion forum to standardize the CEUS examination technique according to published evidence and best personal experience. The goal is to standardise the use and administration of UCAs to facilitate correct diagnoses and ultimately to improve the management and outcomes of patients.
10-Jahres-Entwicklung operativer Eingriffe an der Wirbelsäule in Deutschland
Authors: Petzold Thomas , Tesch Falko , Adler Jürgen-Bernhard , Günster Christian , Niethard Fritz-Uwe , Schmitt Jochen 
Published: February 2018

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Analyse der regionalen zeitlichen Entwicklung von Wirbelsäulenoperationen in Deutschland zwischen 2005 und 2014.
Material und Methoden Es erfolgte eine Sekundärdatenanalyse stationärer Daten des Wissenschaftlichen Instituts der AOK (WIdO) für den Zeitraum 2005 bis 2014. Für 14 definierte Eingriffsgruppen wurde die Zahl operierter Patienten (Eingriffsfälle) sowie der durchgeführten Wirbelsäulenoperationen (Prozeduren anhand OPS-Code) ermittelt. Die regionale Versorgungshäufigkeit in den 402 Kreisen in Deutschland sowie die alters- und geschlechtsstandardisierte Verteilung wird in Versorgungskarten dargestellt.
Ergebnisse Im Beobachtungszeitraum erfolgten 796 870 stationäre Behandlungsfälle mit Wirbelsäulenoperation bei AOK-Versicherten. Die relative Zunahme im 10-Jahres-Zeitraum betrug 82% von 51 053 Eingriffen 2005 auf 91 971 Eingriffe 2014. Die Fallzahlerhöhung fand insbesondere 2005 bis 2011 statt und betraf alle Eingriffsgruppen außer „Exzision von Bandscheiben und Knochen“. Sie war unterschiedlich stark ausgeprägt mit stärksten Zuwächsen bei der „Knöchernen Dekompression“ (280% Anstieg). Bei allen Eingriffsgruppen fanden sich regionale Unterschiede. 2014 betrug die Schwankung zwischen 109 und 729 Eingriffen je 100 000 AOK-Versicherte zwischen den Kreisen.
Schlussfolgerung Die deutlichen Anstiege um > 80% in 10 Jahren sind soziodemografisch nicht plausibel erklärbar. Die dargestellten, ausgeprägten regionalen Unterschiede allein erlauben keine abschließenden Rückschlüsse zum Vorliegen einer regionalen Unter-, Über- oder Fehlversorgung. Sie unterstreichen jedoch die Notwendigkeit weiterführender versorgungsepidemiologischer Studien zur Indikationsqualität und zu Determinanten der regionalen Variation von Eingriffszahlen.
Krankheitsspezifisches Wissen in der konservativen Therapie der idiopathischen Adoleszentenskoliose
Authors: Wagner Ferdinand , Brendel Julia , Dingeldey Esther , Winkler Sebastian , Grifka Joachim , Matussek Jan 
Published: February 2018

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Die idiopathische Adoleszentenskoliose (IAS) tritt üblicherweise in der Pubertät und damit in einem sensiblen Lebensabschnitt auf. Die konservative Korsetttherapie der IAS erfordert zudem eine hohe Mitarbeit der Patienten. Wie von anderen Erkrankungen bekannt, fördert ein hohes Maß an krankheitsspezifischem Wissen (KSW) den Behandlungserfolg und kann die Lebensqualität (LQ) erhöhen.
Fragestellung Das Ziel der Studie war, das KSW unserer Patienten mit IAS zu überprüfen und Rückschlüsse auf deren Lebensqualität zu ziehen.
Methoden 67 Patienten mit IAS unter konservativer Korsetttherapie wurden gebeten, einen anonymisierten Fragebogen bez. krankheitsspezifischer Fakten zu beantworten. Zusätzlich wurde der SRS-22r-Score der Scoliosis Research Society als Maß für die LQ erhoben.
Ergebnisse Die Hauptinformationsquelle der Patienten stellten das behandelnde Ärzteteam und das Internet dar. Die Mehrheit gab an, verstanden zu haben was Skoliose sei. Detailliertere Fragen ließen jedoch erhebliche Wissenslücken erkennen. Signifikante Unkenntnisse waren insbesondere in den Feldern Therapieregime und Therapieziele vorhanden. Insbesondere die voraussichtliche Dauer der Therapie erschien den meisten Patienten unklar. Eine höhere LQ korrelierte mit hoher Compliance. Patienten, die sich durch die Therapie eine Verbesserung ihres Rückenprofils erhofften, fielen mit einer niedrigeren LQ im Bereich Selbstwahrnehmung auf.
Diskussion Unsere Studie zeigte signifikante Wissenslücken im KSW der Patienten mit IAS auf. Eine optimierte Informationsweitergabe an die Patienten könnte die LQ und auch das Therapieergebnis beeinflussen. Da wir uns als behandelnde Ärzte in der Position der Hauptinformationsquelle befinden, liegt es an uns, diese Situation zu nutzen und zu verbessern.
Comparative transcriptome analysis reveals distinct genetic modules associated with Helios expression in intratumoral regulatory T cells
Authors: Yates Kathleen , Bi Kevin , Haining W. Nicholas , Cantor Harvey , Kim Hye-Jung 
Published: February 2018

Significance
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) play a critical role in inflammatory, autoimmune, and antitumor immune responses. Increased expression of transcription factor Helios by tumor-infiltrating Tregs can enhance immune-suppressive activity, while deletion of Helios promotes an effector T helper (Th) cell phenotype that can contribute to the host antitumor immune response. We report that chronic inflammatory conditions of tumors induce Helios-deficient Tregs to express increased levels of genes associated with T cell activation and Th cell differentiation. Helios-dependent changes in gene expression are restricted to tumor sites and not observed in peripheral lymphoid tissues. We suggest that Helios-deficient Tregs that recognize tumor-associated self-antigens may become unstable in the tumor microenvironment and undergo reprogramming into effector T cells that can inhibit tumor growth.
Cancer-Specific Stress and Trajectories of Psychological and Physical Functioning in Patients With Relapsed/Refractory Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
Authors: Goyal Neha G , Maddocks Kami J , Johnson Amy J , Byrd John C , Westbrook Travis D , Andersen Barbara L 
Published: February 2018

Abstract

Background
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia is the most prevalent adult leukemia. The disease is incurable with a cycling of treatment and relapse common. Little is known about the psychological and physical functioning of patients with relapsed/refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Cancer-specific stress is an important individual difference variable that predicts psychological and physical outcomes.

Purpose
To examine cancer-specific stress at treatment initiation as a predictor of psychological and physical functioning trajectories in patients with relapsed/refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia during the first 5 months of treatment.

Methods
Patients with relapsed/refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia (N = 152) enrolled in a phase II clinical trial completed self-report measures at treatment initiation (baseline), 1, 2, and 5 months of treatment. Cancer-specific stress at baseline was examined as a predictor of psychological (cognitive-affective depressive symptoms, negative mood, mental health quality of life) and physical functioning (fatigue interference, sleep problems, physical health quality of life), controlling for demographic and treatment variables.

Results
Using multilevel modeling, higher baseline cancer-specific stress was related to worse psychological (cognitive-affective depressive symptoms, negative mood, mental health quality of life) and physical functioning (fatigue interference, sleep problems) at baseline and more rapid improvements during the next 5 months. Despite these improvements, higher baseline cancer-specific stress remained associated with poorer 5-month psychological, though not physical, functioning.

Conclusions
Findings suggest cancer-specific stress at treatment initiation may be a risk factor for poorer psychological functioning during treatment for patients with relapsed/refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia.
CrossPlan: systematic planning of genetic crosses to validate mathematical models
Authors: Pratapa Aditya , Adames Neil , Kraikivski Pavel , Franzese Nicholas , Tyson John J , Peccoud Jean , Murali T M 
Published: February 2018

Abstract

Motivation
Mathematical models of cellular processes can systematically predict the phenotypes of novel combinations of multi-gene mutations. Searching for informative predictions and prioritizing them for experimental validation is challenging since the number of possible combinations grows exponentially in the number of mutations. Moreover, keeping track of the crosses needed to make new mutants and planning sequences of experiments is unmanageable when the experimenter is deluged by hundreds of potentially informative predictions to test.

Results
We present CrossPlan, a novel methodology for systematically planning genetic crosses to make a set of target mutants from a set of source mutants. We base our approach on a generic experimental workflow used in performing genetic crosses in budding yeast. We prove that the CrossPlan problem is NP-complete. We develop an integer-linear-program (ILP) to maximize the number of target mutants that we can make under certain experimental constraints. We apply our method to a comprehensive mathematical model of the protein regulatory network controlling cell division in budding yeast. We also extend our solution to incorporate other experimental conditions such as a delay factor that decides the availability of a mutant and genetic markers to confirm gene deletions. The experimental flow that underlies our work is quite generic and our ILP-based algorithm is easy to modify. Hence, our framework should be relevant in plant and animal systems as well.

Availability and implementation
CrossPlan code is freely available under GNU General Public Licence v3.0 at https://github.com/Murali-group/crossplan

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.