bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Recent developments in DNA adduct analysis using liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry
Authors: Tang Yu , Zhang Jin‐Lan 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe formation of DNA adducts by genotoxic agents is an early event in cancer development, and it may lead to gene mutations, thereby initiating tumor development. The measurement of DNA adducts can provide critical information about the genotoxic potential of a chemical and its mechanism of carcinogenesis. In recent decades, liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry has become the most important technique for analyzing DNA adducts. The improvements in resolution achievable with new chromatographic separation techniques coupled with the high specificity and sensitivity and wide dynamic range of new mass spectrometry systems have been used for both qualitative and quantitative analyses of DNA adducts. This review discusses the challenges in qualitative and quantitative analyses of DNA adducts by liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry and highlights recent developments towards overcoming the limitations of liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry methods. The key steps and new solutions, such as sample preparation, mass spectrometry fragmentation, and method validation, are summarized. In addition, the fundamental principles and latest advances in DNA adductomic approaches are reviewed.
Resveratrol Inhibits Human Visceral Preadipocyte Proliferation and Differentiation in vitro
Authors: Sun Wenxing , Yu Shali , Han Haiyin , Yuan Qianting , Chen Jie , Xu Guangfei 
Published: October 2019

AbstractVisceral obesity is a high‐risk factor for diabetes and metabolic syndrome. Resveratrol, a natural polyphenolic compound, has been reported to inhibit preadipocyte differentiation. However, the effect of resveratrol on human visceral preadipocyte (HPA‐v) differentiation remains largely unknown. LIM domain only 3 (LMO3) promotes human preadipocyte differentiation by enhancing peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor γ (PPARγ) transcriptional activity, which is the master regulator of adipogenesis. The purpose of our study was to determine the effect of resveratrol (0–50 μM) on HPA‐v proliferation and differentiation, and the role of LMO3 in resveratrol‐mediated regulation of HPA‐v differentiation. Resveratrol inhibited HPA‐v proliferation and differentiation in a dose‐dependent manner, and significantly decreased the mRNA expression levels of PPARG, CCAAT/enhancer‐binding protein α (CEBPA), fatty acid‐binding protein 4 (FABP4), acetyl‐CoA carboxylase (ACC), and fatty acid synthase (FAS) (p < 0.05) at 10, 20, and 50 μM. The mRNA and protein levels of LMO3 were significantly reduced by ≥20 μM resveratrol (p < 0.05), and overexpression of LMO3 partially attenuated resveratrol‐induced reduction of HPA‐v differentiation by enhancing the PPARG transcriptional activity. Together, our study suggested that resveratrol reduced HPA‐v proliferation and differentiation, as well as LMO3, which was partially responsible for the reduction of resveratrol‐mediated adipocyte differentiation.
Gut Vibes in Parkinson's Disease: The Microbiota‐Gut‐Brain Axis
Authors: Bullich Clara , Keshavarzian Ali , Garssen Johan , Kraneveld Aletta , Perez‐Pardo Paula 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe complexity of the pathogenic mechanisms underlying neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson's disease (PD) is attributable to multifactorial changes occurring at a molecular level, influenced by genetics and environmental interactions. However, what causes the main hallmarks of PD is not well understood. Recent data increasingly suggest that imbalances in the gut microbiome composition might trigger and/or exacerbate the progression of PD.ObjectiveThe present review aims to (1) report emerging literature showing changes in microbiota composition of PD patients compared to healthy individuals and (2) discuss how these changes may initiate and/or perpetuate PD pathology.MethodsWe analyzed 13 studies published from 2015 and included in this review. Altered microbial taxa were compiled in a detailed table summarizing bacterial changes in fecal/mucosal samples. The methodology was systematically reviewed across the articles and was also included in a table to facilitate comparisons between studies.ResultsMultiple studies found a reduction in short‐chain fatty‐acid–producing bacteria that can rescue neuronal damage through epigenetic mechanisms. Overall, the studies showed that changes in the gut microbiota composition might influence colonic inflammation, gut permeability, and α‐synuclein aggregation, contributing to the neurogenerative process.ConclusionFurther studies with larger cohorts and high‐resolution sequencing methods are required to better define gut microbiota changes in PD. Furthermore, additional longitudinal studies are required to determine the causal link between these changes and PD pathogenesis as well as to study the potential of the intestinal microbiota as a biomarker.
Determination of automatic weather station self‐heating originating from accompanying electronics
Authors: Pavlasek P. , Merlone A. , Sanna F. , Coppa G. , Izquierdo C. G. , Palencar J. , Duris S. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAtmospheric air temperature values are fundamental in meteorology and climate studies. To achieve high accuracy in the measurements, the features, characteristics and performances of instruments are of high importance. This study focuses on the most commonly used temperature sensors within automatic weather stations, with a specific focus on evaluating the self‐heating effect. Self‐heating in automatic weather stations originates not only from the temperature sensor itself but also from the electrical components housed together within. This effect introduces extra heating in the system, causing biases and errors in temperature records. The conducted measurements show the temperature change in the close vicinity of the thermometers over a time period of more than 66 hr with electric current and voltage supply values recommended by the respective sensor manufacturers. Furthermore, the temperature changes after increasing the voltage supply levels up to 80% of the maximum voltage recommended by the manufacturer are presented as well. The results of overall self‐heating indicated a +0.07°C increase in temperature for the tested sensors when using the manufacturers’ recommended electric current and voltage supply. However, the use of elevated voltage levels shows a considerably higher temperature increase in the vicinity of the temperature sensors. In the present study, the measured difference from the initial measured temperature can be as high as +0.32°C.
Retracted: Circular RNA circ‐TSPAN4 promotes lung adenocarcinoma metastasis by upregulating ZEB1 via sponging miR‐665
Authors: Ying Xiwang , Zhu Jianwei , Zhang Yuanhui 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundCancer metastasis is responsible for 90% of cancer‐related deaths. Recently, circular RNA (circRNA) is deemed to be an important regulator of cancer progression. However, little is known about the role of circRNA in the metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Herein, we investigated the clinical implication and regulatory effect of circ‐TSPAN4 (hsa_circ_0020732) in LUAD.MethodsGene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database (GSE104854) was used to identify the aberrantly expressed circRNAs in LUAD. The expression levels of circ‐TSPAN4, miR‐4731‐5p, miR‐665, and ZEB1 were determined by quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT‐PCR). The functional experiments were carried out with wound healing and transwell assays. And, the luciferase reporter and RNA pull‐down assays were employed to examine the crosstalk between circ‐TSPAN4, miR‐665, and ZEB1. In vivo metastasis experiment was tested by the lung metastasis model.ResultsCirc‐TSPAN4 was significantly upregulated in LUAD tissues and cell lines. The increased circ‐TSPAN4 was linked to advanced tumor‐node‐metastasis stage, lymph node and distant metastasis, and poor outcome. Lentivirus‐mediated stably circ‐TSPAN4 knockdown dramatically attenuated the metastatic ability of LUAD cells both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, circ‐TSPAN4 directly interacted with miR‐665, but not miR‐4731‐5p, to increase the expression of ZEB1, which is a well‐known metastasis trigger. Importantly, the reduced metastatic capacity caused by circ‐TSPAN4 depletion was partially rescued by miR‐665 silencing or ZEB1 overexpression.ConclusionsCirc‐TSPAN4 plays a pivotal metastasis‐promoting role in LUAD through acting as a sponge for miR‐665 and upregulating ZEB1.
Efficacy and safety assessment of lymphovenous anastomosis in patients with primary and secondary lymphoedema: A systematic review of prospective evidence
Authors: Rosian Katharina , Stanak Michal 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIntroductionLymphoedema is a chronic, debilitating condition caused by an affected lymphatic system. Supermicrosurgical techniques like lymphovenous anastomosis (LVA) have gained popularity because of its minimal invasiveness, better aesthetic outcome, and lower costs in comparison to physical medicine. This systematic review aims to evaluate the clinical effectiveness and safety of LVA in comparison to conservative or other surgical treatments for primary or secondary lymphoedema patients.Materials and MethodsA systematic literature search was performed in four databases in December 2017. We applied a methodological framework based on the HTA Core Model®. According to the grading of recommendations, assessment, development, and evaluation (GRADE) scheme, we synthesized the data on each selected outcome category. The studies were systematically assessed for risk of bias (RoB) using the Risk of Bias Assessment tool for Non‐randomized controlled studies (RoBANS) and the Institute of Health Economics (IHE) Risk of Bias checklist for case series.ResultsA total of 629 citations were identified and five studies were assessed eligible for final inclusion (one non‐randomized controlled trial and four prospective single‐arm studies). Across the studies, 217 patients were enrolled. All studies showed a moderate to high RoB. The strength of evidence for the effectiveness and safety of LVA is “very low.” Due to the methodological shortcomings of the available evidence, no conclusions can be made about the effectiveness of the procedure.ConclusionLVA might be a safe technique for patients with primary and secondary lymphoedema—particularly because no serious complications were reported. Furthermore, LVA may have a role in the prevention of lymphoedema.
A wideband dual‐circularly polarized 2 × 1 array antenna using multi‐layer substrate for compact structure
Authors: Rahman Muhammad Asad , Nishiyama Eisuke , Toyoda Ichihiko 
Published: October 2019

AbstractA novel compact dual‐circularly polarized (CP) 2 × 1 microstrip array antenna with wideband characteristic is proposed. The antenna is realized using multi‐layer technique. The antenna consists of two orthogonally fed patch elements integrated with a 90° branch‐line coupler for achieving dual‐CP operation. The complete feed network, inspired by double‐sided MIC technology, is designed using microstrip lines and slot lines distributed in different three metal layers. ±90° out‐of‐phase signals caused by the branch‐line coupler are combined with two orthogonal feed lines of the patches to excite right‐hand circular polarization (RHCP) or left‐hand circular polarization (LHCP). More than 40% size reduction is achieved by employing multilayer structure instead of single‐layer structure. The measured 3‐dB axial ratio bandwidths of RHCP/LHCP are 8.31/10.19%. Peak gain is more than 9 dBic with good CP radiation performance. The antenna performance is validated by measured data.
Super compact ultrathin quad‐band with wide angle stability polarization independent metamaterial absorber
Authors: Singh Hari S. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIn this article, a compact ultrathin polarization‐insensitive wide‐angle metamaterial‐based microwave absorber with quad‐band characteristics is presented. The designed microwave absorber provides simulated peak absorption of 99.16%, 98.21%, 98.32%, and 99.76% at 3.7 GHz, 6.4 GHz, 10.7 GHz, and 14.3 GHz, respectively. The absorption frequency lies in microwave frequency bands of S, C, X, and Ku. The unit cell of the proposed microwave absorber consists of two diagonally connected closed ring resonator (CRR) along with one metallic patch enclosed by the inner CRR. Each side of the enclosed patch is connected with inner CRR at the center of length. The unit cell of the proposed 0.0197λlowest (wavelength at lowest frequency) thick multiband absorber fits in a volume of 8 × 8 × 1.6 mm3. The proposed metamaterial‐based microwave absorber exhibits identical absorption characteristics for both transverse‐electric and transverse‐magnetic polarized radiations and also provides well peak absorption for an oblique incidence up to 75°. Finally, the absorber is fabricated and experimental result validates simulated one.
A microwave interferometer for human breath monitoring in proton therapy applications
Authors: Donelli Massimo , Manekiya Mohammedhusen , Cunial Davide , Cristoforetti Luca , Fracchiolla Francesco 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIn this letter, a microwave continuous‐wave interferometer for monitoring the human breath activity in proton therapy is proposed. The microwave interferometer operates in the K band at 24 GHz, and it can correctly identify the chest movements due to the respiratory activity with the accuracy of a few millimeters. The obtained experimental results show that this system can effectively detect the chest movements with a high degree of accuracy, permitting better synchronization of the proton beam and maximization of the efficacy of the therapy.
3D printing for rapid prototyping of low‐Z/density ionization chamber arrays
Authors: Brivio Davide , Naumann Louise , Albert Steffen , Sajo Erno , Zygmanski Piotr 
Published: October 2019

PurposeTo explore 3D printing for rapid development of prototype thin slab low‐Z/density ionization chamber arrays viable for custom needs in radiotherapy dosimetry and quality assurance (QA).Materials and methodsWe designed and fabricated parallel plate ionization chambers and ionization chamber arrays using an off‐the‐shelf 3D printing equipment. Conductive components of the detectors were made of conductive polylactic acid (cPLA) and insulating components were made of acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS). We characterized the detector responses using a Varian TrueBeam linac at 95 cm SSD in slab solid water phantom at 5 cm depth. We measured the current‐voltage (IV) curves, the response to different energy beam lines (2.5 MV, 6 MV, 6 MV FFF) for various dose rates and compared them to responses of a commercial Exradin A12 ionization chamber. We measured off‐axis ratio (OAR) for several small field static multi‐leaf collimators field sizes (0.5–3 cm) and compared them to OAR data obtained for commissioning of stereotactic radiotherapy.ResultsWe identified the printing capability and the limitations of a low‐cost off‐the‐shelf 3D printer for rapid prototyping of detector arrays. The design of the array with sub‐millimeter size features conformed to the 3D printing capabilities. IV‐curve for the array showed a strong polarity effect (8%) due to the design. Results for the parallel plate and the array compared well with A12 chamber: monitor unit (MU) dependence for the array was within a few % and the response to different energy beam lines was within 1%. Off‐axis dose profiles measured with the array were comparable to dose profiles obtained in water tank and stereotactic diode after accounting for the size of the chambers. Dose error was within 2% at the center of the profile and slightly larger at the penumbra.ConclusionsRapid prototyping of ion chambers by means of low‐cost 3D printing is feasible with certain limitations in the design and spatial accuracy of the printed details.
Vitamin D3 treatment regulates apoptosis, antioxidant defense system, and DNA integrity in the epididymal sperm of an aged rat model
Authors: Jeremy Malsawmhriatzuala , Gurusubramanian Guruswami , Roy Vikas Kumar 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe present study aimed to investigate the effects of vitamin D3 in the epididymal sperm cells of D‐gal‐induced aged rats. It is well known that during aging sperm quality and quantity declines and leads to age‐related infertility problems in males. The results of the present study showed that there were elevated levels of oxidative stress and poor DNA integrity of sperm of aged rats. The expression of BCL2 also showed a significant decline in the sperm of aged rats, however, the expression of BAX and active caspase‐3 did not show significant change compared with the control group. The treatment of vitamin D3 at lower doses to aged rats showed increased expression of BAX and active caspase‐3 in the sperm, this finding suggests that increased apoptosis may be responsible for removal of poor quality sperm during aging. Vitamin D3 treatment at both doses showed improvement in the oxidative stress and DNA integrity in the sperm of aged rats. We also investigated the expression of AGER, visfatin, and HSPA1A in the epididymal sperm. It has been found that expression of AGER, visfatin, and HSPA1A increased in the sperm aged rats and vitamin D3 treatments at both doses decreased its expression. Thus, it might be suggested that during aging vitamin D3 treatment would be important for managing the sperm quality by regulating the apoptosis, antioxidant system and DNA integrity via modulation of visfatin and HSPA1A.
Accelerating implant RF safety assessment using a low‐rank inverse update method
Authors: Stijnman Peter R. S. , Tokaya Janot P. , van Gemert Jeroen , Luijten Peter R. , Pluim Josien P. W. , Brink Wyger M. , Remis Rob F. , van den Berg Cornelis A. T. , Raaijmakers Alexander J. E. 
Published: October 2019

PurposePatients who have medical metallic implants, e.g. orthopaedic implants and pacemakers, often cannot undergo an MRI exam. One of the largest risks is tissue heating due to the radio frequency (RF) fields. The RF safety assessment of implants is computationally demanding. This is due to the large dimensions of the transmit coil compared to the very detailed geometry of an implant.MethodsIn this work, we explore a faster computational method for the RF safety assessment of implants that exploits the small geometry. The method requires the RF field without an implant as a basis and calculates the perturbation that the implant induces. The inputs for this method are the incident fields and a library matrix that contains the RF field response of every edge an implant can occupy. Through a low‐rank inverse update, using the Sherman–Woodbury–Morrison matrix identity, the EM response of arbitrary implants can be computed within seconds. We compare the solution from full‐wave simulations with the results from the presented method, for two implant geometries.ResultsFrom the comparison, we found that the resulting electric and magnetic fields are numerically equivalent (maximum error of 1.35%). However, the computation was between 171 to 2478 times faster than the corresponding GPU accelerated full‐wave simulation.ConclusionsThe presented method enables for rapid and efficient evaluation of the RF fields near implants and might enable situation‐specific scanning conditions.
Basaloid squamous cell carcinoma in the mandibular gingiva
Authors: Iyoda Manabu , Koike Kazuyuki , Saito Tomoaki , Nakashima Dai , Kasamatsu Atsushi , Endo‐Sakamoto Yosuke , Sunohara Masataka , Shiiba Masashi , Uzawa Katsuhiro , Tanzawa Hideki 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBasaloid squamous cell carcinoma (BSCC) is a histologically distinct variant of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). In this report, we present a case of a 67‐year‐old man diagnosed with BSCC in the mandibular gingiva. The patient underwent resection of the gingival tumor with a partial mandibulectomy and a functional neck dissection. The mandibular gingiva was reconstructed with forearm free flap. The patient remained in good general health and free of disease for 44 months.
Iodine‐transfer polymerization and CuAAC “click” chemistry: A versatile approach toward poly(vinylidene fluoride)‐based amphiphilic triblock terpolymers
Authors: Patil Yogesh , Zapsas George , Gnanou Yves , Hadjichristidis Nikos 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTThis study presents the synthesis and properties of linear PVDF‐based amphiphilic triblock terpolymers with PS and PEO, [PVDF‐b‐PS‐b‐PEO], by adopting a procedure that involves: (a) iodine‐transfer polymerization (ITP) of VDF with 1‐iodoperfluorohexane (C6F13I) serving as chain‐transfer agent (CTA) to afford C6F13‐PVDF‐I, (b) ITP of styrene with the C6F13‐PVDF‐I macromolecular‐CTA to obtain C6F13‐PVDF‐b‐PS‐I diblock copolymer, (c) end‐group exchange from iodo‐ to azido‐group by nucleophilic substitution reaction with NaN3, and (d) copper‐catalyzed azide‐alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) with alkyne‐terminated PEO to achieve C6F13‐PVDF‐b‐PS‐b‐PEO triblock terpolymers. The 1H and 19F NMR spectroscopy confirmed the presence of all blocks, while gel permeation chromatography traces showed the living nature of ITP technique. The self‐assembly of these terpolymers was investigated in films (atomic force microscopy and DSC), as well as in aqueous and organic solvents (DLS). The analysis of crystalline phases based on the FTIR spectroscopy indicated the conversion of PVDF α‐phase into α + β‐phases and β + γ‐phases upon the incorporation of PS and PEO blocks, respectively. The synthesized amphiphilic copolymers were evaluated (fluorescence spectroscopy) as carriers of small hydrophobic molecules in water. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci. 2020, 58, 163–171
A Study on the Catalytic Activity and Service Lifetime of RuO2‐TiO2 Composite Electrode with TNTs as Interlayer
Authors: Cao Huazhen , Zhao Guojun , Hou Guangya , Tang Yiping , Zhang Huibin , Zheng Guoqu 
Published: October 2019

AbstractHerein, we reported a novel RuO2‐TiO2 composite electrode prepared by thermal decomposition process using TiO2 nanotube arrays (TNTs) as an interlayer. Specifically, the TNTs interlayer was fabricated by anodic oxidation on pure Ti plate, followed by heat‐treatment (450 °C) to transform its amorphous structure to anatase structure. This TNTs interlayer not only has a good protection for Ti substrate, but also has a low resistance. The resultant RuO2‐TiO2 electrode presents superior performance toward chlorine evolution reaction (ClER) and longer service lifetime (132 h) than that without interlayer (59 h). Experimental results show that anodizing time determines the length of TiO2 nanotubes and brings about different catalytic activity and stability. The RuO2‐TiO2/TNTs/Ti electrode with an optimal RuO2‐TiO2 coating (4.5 g m−2) presents a better spatial structure, homogeneous crystal particles, uniformly distribution and more active sites. However, high calcination temperature (>600 °C) has a detrimental impact, i. e. the collapse of TNTs and a “cracked mud” structure, which provide a path for oxygen and electrolyte to penetrate into the substrate and cause the spalling of coating, eventually lead to a serious decline in electrocatalytic activity and stability.