bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pseudarthrosis of the Calcaneus: Advantages of Regenerative Medicine in the Management of a Rare Entity, A Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors: Wajdi Bouaziz , Rebai Mohamed Ali , Baya Walid , Krid Nabil , Zribi Wassim , Keskes Hassib 
Published: April 2018

Background:
The follow-up of calcaneal fractures has shown that they are difficult to manage and lead to multiple complications such as malunion and subtalar osteoarthritis. Pseudarthrosis of the calcaneus is an extremely rare complication, which was described in the literature through case reports.
In the existing literature, only seven studies, including thirteen patients have reported the nonunion. However, to the best of our knowledge, no study elucidates the role of new techniques of regenerative medicine such as Bone Marrow Concentrates (BMC) or Platelet Rich Plasma (PRP) in the management.

Methods:
We report a case of a patient with a pseudarthrosis after a calcaneal fracture treated with BMC injection in the non-union site, without the need for surgical approach.

Results:
Four months after treatment, the patient was ambulant without support and was completely pain-free. Moreover, after one year the radiological follow up by CT scan showed a satisfactory filling of the non union.

Conclusion:
In one case, we try to highlight the advantage of our therapeutic alternatives, which are having a good union while avoiding the complications of surgical approaches and without sacrificing the subtalar joint when it is possible.
Awareness of Health Care Practitioners About the National Health Insurance in Tshwane District, South Africa
Authors: Mabuza L.H. , Ogunbanjo G.A. , Hlabyago K.E. , Mogotsi M. 
Published: April 2018

Background:
In 2012, the National Department of Health of South Africa launched the National Health Insurance (NHI) pilot program in 11 districts, towards universal health coverage for all South Africans. Health Care Practitioners (HCPs) are important role-players in its implementation. We decided to evaluate to what extent the HCPs were aware of the NHI program after three years of the pilot phase.

Objective:
To evaluate the awareness of HCPs about the NHI in the pilot Tshwane district of South Africa.

Method:
A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 1753 HCPs in Tshwane district. At 95% confidence level and 5% error margin, the sample size was 315 HCPs, but we over-sampled to 480. The study was conducted in 25 health facilities within the district. A pre-tested self-administered questionnaire was used.

Results:
A high proportion of HCPs were unaware of the objectives of the NHI program (p < 0.001); number of NHI pilot sites [(281; 59.4%) versus (145; 30.7%), p < 0.001]; rationale used to select pilot sites [(223; 46.9%) versus (193; 40.5%), p = 0.047]; role of the Integrated School Health Services (ISHP) [(250; 52.7%) versus (70; 14.8%), p < 0.001]; and specialists constituting the District Clinical Specialist Team (DCST) (p < 0.001). However, awareness regarding the Ward-Based Outreach Team (WBOT) leader was high [(236; 49.9%) versus (135; 28.5%), p < 0.001].

Conclusion:
HCPs in Tshwane district demonstrated poor awareness of the NHI. This reveals that any awareness effort towards the NHI has not taken effect among the HCPs in this district.
Early Childhood Conditions and Old-Age Mortality
Authors: Bremberg Sven G. 
Published: April 2018

Background:Early life conditions might determine adult mortality. The literature, however, both support and contradict this proposition. In most studies, the outcome has been the mortality rates in a given period of time. These rates represent the combined result of both previous and current exposures. Therefore, it is more apt to study the rate of improvement as an outcome, rather than mortality rates in a given period of time.Objective:The effects of early-life conditions, assessed as mortality rates at ages 0 and 1-4, and the effects of indicators of available resources in adult life were analysed.Methods:The outcomes were the decrease in the national rates of mortality in three age groups, aged 24-34, 35-54 and 55-74, in 18 OECD countries over the years 1990-2010. The effects were analysed in linear multiple regression models using least squares, controlling for country-specific historical constants, which represent the mortality rates in 1990.Results:Among the 24-34 and 35-54 year-olds, neither early-life indicators nor resource indicators significantly affected the regression equations. Among the 55-74 year-olds, however, in the model including the mortality rate at age 0 in 1940-49, the explanatory value of the equation in question increased from 65 to 79%, and the effect of mortality rate at age 0 was statistically significant.Conclusion:Significant effects of early-life conditions on the rate of decrease in mortality were found, but only in the oldest age group. This finding is consistent with Gavrilov’s reliability theory of aging.Key Points• Mortality rates have decreased almost linearly in recent decades in OECD countries.• Most of the variation between countries seemed to be determined by past history and the catch-up of nations that have previously lagged behind.• A significant effect of early-life conditions on the rate of decrease in mortality was found, but only in the 55-74 year-olds, not in the 24-34 and 35-54 year-olds.
Renaturação ou corrupção: a encruzilhada da educação em Rousseau
Authors: Martins Adriano Eurípedes Medeiros 
Published: April 2018

RESUMO Para Rousseau os homens tendem à corrupção. A educação torna-se fundamental como contraponto, posto que ela possa propiciar a retirada dos indivíduos dessa situação e ajudá-los a restituir as luzes da época do estado de natureza. Eis a encruzilhada: uma via leva à corrupção; a outra à renaturação. Como escolher? As bases do processo educacional rousseauniano preconizam uma profunda reflexão destes caminhos, aos quais não se chegar pela mera escolha do ‘querer’, mas sim do ‘poder’. Palavras-chave: Jean-Jacques Rousseau; Educação; Corrupção; Renaturação. ABSTRACT For Rousseau men tend to corruption. Education becomes fundamental as a counterpoint, since it can facilitate the removal of individuals from such situation and help them restore the light of primeval times. This is the crossroads: one way leads to corruption and the other to the human fundamental values. How to choose? The basis of Rousseau's educational process demands a deep reflection of these paths, which is not reached by the mere choice of 'want', but the 'power'. Keywords: Jean -Jacques Rousseau; Education; Corruption; Human fundamental values. RESUMEN Para Rousseau hombres tienden a la corrupción. La educación se convierte fundamental como contrapunto, ya que puede facilitar la eliminación de las personas en esta situación y ayudarles a restaurar las luces del momento en que el estado de la naturaleza. Este es el cruce de caminos: un camino conduce a la corrupción; el otro para el replegamiento. ¿Cómo elegir? La base de la llamada proceso educativo de Rousseau para una reflexión profunda de estos caminos, que no se llega por la mera elección de 'querer', pero el 'poder'. Palabras clave: Jean-Jacques Rousseau; La educación; Corrupción DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.22169/revint.v11i23.898
Una respuesta a Labarca y Zambon sobre su pretendida reconceptualización del concepto de elemento y su base como una nueva representación del sistema periódico.
Authors: Scerri Eric 
Published: April 2018

In 2013 Labarca and Zambon published an article in which they reviewed the philosophical research on the dual concept of a chemical element. They also claimed that the notion of an element as a basic substance could be characterized by focusing upon the lightest and heaviest isotopes of each element. By further focusing on just the lightest isotopes they presented a new version of the periodic system which they proceeded to compare with the conventional format as well as a form that I have revived. On making these comparisons they claimed that of the 22 triads that they examined, 15 triads involving the lightest isotopes were more accurate than the equivalent triads using the average atomic weights of the elements in question. The present article consists of an examination of these various claims.
PERBEDAAN POLA ASUH ANAK ANTARA IBU YANG MENIKAH USIA DINI DENGAN IBU YANG MENIKAH USIA DEWASA DI WILAYAH KERJAPUSKESMAS TAPUNG HILIR 2 KABUPATEN KAMPAR
Authors: Novera Riski , Rahmi Rifa 
Published: April 2018

<p>pola asuh merupakan pola interaksi orang tua dengan anak dalam pendidikan karakter anak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan pola asuh anak yang menikah usia dini dengan ibu yang menikah usia dewasa diwilayah kerja puskesmas tapung hilir 2 kabupaten Kampar. Metode penelitian jenis penelitian <em>kuantitatif </em>dengan desain <em>analitik komparatif</em>. Pendekatan <em>cross sectional</em>. Sampel penelitian adalah ibu yang menikah usia dini 73 renponden dan ibu yang menikah usia dewasa 73 responden. Teknik pengambilan sampel <em>proportional stratifit random sampling</em>. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan keusioner. Analisa data yang digunakan dengan menggunakan <em>Paired Sampel T Test.</em> Hasil penelitian 73 responden ibu menikah usia dini 72,60 % menerapkan pola asuh anak permisif. 73 responden ibu menikah usia dewasa 54,8 % menerapkan pola asuh anak demokrasi. Uji statistik <em>Paired Sampel T Test </em> didapatkan <em>p value </em>0,001&lt; 0,05, maka ada perbedaan pola asuh anak antara ibu yang menikah usia dini dengan ibu yang menikah usia dewasa diwilayah kerja puskesmas tapung hilir 2 kabupaten Kampar. Diharapkan penelitian ini dapat memberi informasi kepada ibu dalam memberikan pola asuh anak sehingga kepribadian anak terbentuk.</p><p> </p>
Evaluation of the relationship between caregiver burden, coping styles and levels of anxiety and depression in caregivers of old age patients
Authors: AY Serdar , ÜNÜBOL Hüseyin , EZER Sevtap , OMAY Oguz , SAYAR Gökben Hızlı 
Published: April 2018

Introduction:
At present, caregiver's health is a public health challenge in itself, as
important as the health of the elderly. This study aims to investigate the
relationship between caregiver burden and levels of anxiety and depression, the
factors influencing them, and also to evaluate the coping strategies of the
caregivers.Methods:
This study is a survey-based cross-sectional study, including a total of
70 caregivers. Sociodemographic characteristics of caregivers and care
receivers were collected by a survey. The functional status of the elderly was evaluated
by Katz’ Index of Independence in Activities of Daily Living (ADL). Burden
Interview Scale, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and The COPE Inventory
were used to examine the caregiver burden, anxiety and depression levels and
coping strategies of the caregivers.Results:
Anxiety and depression levels of the caregivers included in our study
were higher when compared with the other studies. The anxiety levels were
correlated with the non-functional coping strategies. The use of effective
social support decreased the anxiety levels.

Conclusion:
Country specific guidelines should be prepared for the primary
healthcare centers in order to evaluate and protect caregiver health. Long-term
multicenter clinical studies are needed to develop culture-specific programs
for the intervention of functional coping strategies and to help caregivers
cope more effectively with their daily life stressors.
Calidad educativa en las instituciones de educación superior: evaluación del síndrome de burnout en los profesores / Educational quality in higher education institutions: assessment of burnout syndrome in teachers
Authors: Brito Laredo Janette 
Published: April 2018

En la actualidad el rol del profesor universitario juega un papel muy importante en el proceso enseñanza-aprendizaje. Dentro de sus funciones principales se encuentra propiciar un aprendizaje permanente y significativo entre los estudiantes, con la finalidad de formar profesionistas altamente calificados, por lo que el profesorado desempeña una parte fundamental en el logro de la calidad educativa. En este sentido, el objetivo del presente trabajo consistió en realizar un estudio de la salud ocupacional en los docentes de una Institución de Educación Superior (IES) del Estado de Baja California, México. Se evaluó el estrés crónico en el trabajo relacionado con sus exigencias mediante el síndrome de burnout para identificar áreas de oportunidad y buscar el mejoramiento de sus prácticas educativas y formativas. Este síndrome es tridimensional y está caracterizado por el agotamiento, cinismo y eficiencia profesional. La metodología aplicada fue mediante un estudio de campo con la aplicación del instrumento de medición Maslach-Burnout Inventory General Survey (MBI-GS). Se realizó un estudio con 100 % de la planta de profesores de tiempo completo adscritos a una facultad de la universidad pública, a quienes se les aplicó la prueba para conocer la propensión a padecer el síndrome de burnout. Con base en la escala de evaluación, los resultados muestran niveles medios y altos en las dimensiones de agotamiento (=2.78) y cinismo (=1.46), y bajos en eficiencia profesional (=3.54), por lo que se comprueba la existencia del síndrome en los profesores sujetos de estudio. Se considera de suma importancia identificar el síndrome de burnout en los trabajadores dedicados a la docencia y se recomienda el desarrollo de una propuesta de mejoramiento de condiciones laborales.
PERBANDINGAN PERENCANAAN JEMBATAN STRUKTUR BETON DAN JEMBATAN STRUKTUR BAJA DITINJAU DARI SEGI BIAYA
Authors: Wulandari Diah Ayu Restuti , Fansuri Subaidillah 
Published: April 2018

Jembatan merupakan suatu sarana transportasi yang menghubungkan dua sisi tempat yang terhalang keadaan alam atau keadaan transportasi dengan tujuan dan fungsi yang berbeda-beda. Perencanaan jembatan di Desa Babbalan Kecamatan Batuan merupakan salah satu contoh, dimana fungsi jembatan yang akan dibangun adalah sarana transportasi utama untuk menuju ke RS. Baghraf Medika yang akan dibangun di lokasi perencanan jembatan tersebut. Sesuai kebutuhan dari pemilik RS. Baghraf Medika, maka ditentukan lebar dan panjang jembatan yaitu dengan luas 144 meter2. Dengan terbatas waktu penyusunan penelitian ini, maka pada penelitian ini dikhususkan pada perencanaan struktur atas jembatan. Berdasarkan dari hasil penelitian dan hasil pembahasan tentang perbangdingan perencanaan struktur atas jembatan gelagar balok T dan jembatan baja komposit, menunjukkan bahwa pada struktur atas jembatan gelagar balok T mempunyai lendutan maksimal yang terjadi 0,0142 kNm dan dikatakan aman karena telah memenuhi syarat lendutan < 0,05 kNm. Sedangkan pada struktur atas jembatan baja komposit mempunyai lendutan maksimal 0,0440 kNm dan dikatakan aman karena telah memenuhi syarat lendutan < 0,05 kNm. Serta untuk anggaran biaya struktur atas jembatan gelagar balok T untuk bentang 12 m yaitu sebesar Rp. 657.238.300,00. Sedangkan untuk anggaran biaya struktur atas jembatan baja komposit untuk bentang 12 m yaitu sebesar Rp. 755.856.700,00. Sehinggan selisih perbedaan biaya antara perencanaan struktur atas jembatan gelagar balok T dan struktur atas jembatan baja komposit yaitu sebesar Rp. 98.618.400,00. Maka ditinjau dari segi biaya untuk struktur atas jembatan dengan bentang 12 m lebih efisien struktur atas jembatan gelagar balok T dari pada struktur atas jembatan baja komposit.
Housing projects in Trabzon: Marketting discourses and physical environmental features
Authors: AYDIN TÜRK Yelda , KARADENİZ Beyza 
Published: April 2018

The
housing projects, that have turned into concept projects promoted as a
commodity since last decade in Turkey. These projects, are marketed with
discourses such as “the long-awaited life”, “ideal home” and are constructed on
the urban fringes. In this study, the housing projects that developed in
Trabzon in recent years have been examined in this context. Marketing discourse
and physical environmental characteristics of the projects have been analyzed.
Thus, the study finds out to what extent the advertisement discourses are
actualized and reveals physical environmental features. Kaşüstü and Yalıncak
neighborhoods were chosen as the study areas. Firstly, discourse analysis
carried out as the method for analyzing marketing discourse of the housing
projects. Then, the applied projects were surveyed on site and observed, the
physical environmental relations were examined and pattern analyzes were made.
It is seen that, the meanings that ascribed to the house in the literature
doesn't correspond with the marketing discourses in terms of content. In
addition, the built environment that is promoted in the discourses is not realized.
Finally, it has been observed that the environments created by the proposed
housing projects cause destruction in the natural and physical structure of the
city.
Population fluctuations of gyrfalcon and rock ptarmigan: analysis of export figures from Iceland
Authors: Nielsen Ólafur K. , Pétursson Gunnlaugur 
Published: April 2018

We analysed harvest data for gyrfalcon Falco rusticolus and rock ptarmigan Lagopus mutus from Iceland with respect to regularity in fluctuations of numbers. The gyrfalcon data concerned live trapped birds exported to Denmark between 1731 and 1793, and totalled 4,848 falcons, including 4,318 grey, 156 half‐white and 374 white colour morphs. According to contemporary sources grey birds were part of the local breeding population (islandus‐type birds) but the other morphs represented mainly visitors from Greenland. This is also the current situation but some of the lightest Icelandic breeders could be classified as half‐white. The rock ptarmigan harvest data concerned birds exported to Europe in the period 1864–1919, in total ca 3.3 million birds. The data series for white and half‐white gyrfalcons were significantly correlated (r = 0.501, p < 0.001). The data series for grey and white morphs (r = ‐0.099, P = 0.445) and grey and the half‐white morphs (r = ‐0.1183, P = 0.360), showed no correlation. Time series analysis showed that the white (candicans‐type) morph fluctuated irregularly. The half‐white morph behaved similarly but also showed some affinity with the grey morph, and could have represented a mixture of local breeders and Greenlandic winter visitors. Grey morph gyrfalcons and rock ptarmigan showed regular fluctuations in numbers with a 10‐year periodicity. The reliance of Icelandic gyrfalcons on rock ptarmigan during the early part of the breeding season and in all phases of the ptarmigan cycle is well established and may offer a case for causal connections between the two cyclic populations.
Öğretmen Adaylarının Teknolojik Pedagojik Alan Bilgisi Öz Güvenlerinin Değişiminin İncelenmesi
Authors: İNCE AKA Elvan , DOĞAN Alev , SERT ÇIBIK Ayşe 
Published: April 2018

Bu
çalışmanın amacı fen bilgisi öğretmen adaylarının teknolojik pedagojik alan
bilgisi özgüvenlerinin değişimini incelemektir. Çalışma, 2015-2016 eğitim-öğretim yılında bir devlet
üniversitesinin Fen Bilgisi Eğitimi Anabilim Dalı son sınıfında okuyan 35
öğretmen adayı ile 8 haftalık (16 saat)
bir eğitim kapsamında gerçekleştirilmiştir. İlk aşamada adaylara çoklu
öğrenme unsurlarıyla ilgili uygulama örnekleri tanıtılmış ve adaylar gruplar
halinde çalıştırılmıştır. Daha sonra adaylardan fen bilimleri alanından
seçilmiş bazı konularla ilgili çoklu öğrenme unsurlarıyla desteklenmiş sunum
hazırlamaları ve sunmaları istenmiştir. Çalışma yarı deneme modellerinden tek
gruplu ön test-son test araştırma desenine uygun olarak tasarlanmıştır.
Çalışmada veri toplama aracı olarak Teknolojik Pedagojik Alan Bilgisi Öz Güven
Ölçeği (TPABÖGÖ) kullanılmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda, öğretmen adaylarının
hazırladıkları ve sundukları çoklu öğrenme unsurlarıyla desteklenmiş
sunumlarının, adayların teknolojik pedagojik alan bilgisi özgüvenlerinin
değişiminde ve özellikle teknolojik pedagojik alan bilgisi ile teknolojik
pedagojik bilgilerinde olumlu yönde etkiye sahip olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMENGARUHI PERMINTAAN DAN EFEKTIVITAS KEBIJAKAN IMPOR GARAM INDONESIA
Authors: Jamil Ahmad Syariful , Tinaprilla Netti , Suharno . 
Published: April 2018

Garam merupakan komoditas strategis Indonesia yang permintaannya akan terus meningkat seiring dengan peningkatan jumlah penduduk. Adanya ketidakseimbangan antara kebutuhan garam dalam negeri dengan produksi garam domestik mendorong pemerintah untuk melakukan impor garam. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi volume permintaan dan efektivitas kebijakan impor garam Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode regresi data panel dari tahun 2004-2013. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap volume permintaan impor garam Indonesia yaitu: produksi garam domestik, harga garam impor, Produk Domestik Bruto (PDB) riil Indonesia, PDB riil negara sumber impor dan nilai tukar riil. Produksi garam domestik dan harga garam impor memiliki hubungan yang negatif dengan volume impor, sedangkan variabel lainnya memiliki hubungan yang positif. Temuan lain adalah kebijakan impor yang telah dikeluarkan oleh pemerintah belum sepenuhnya efektif diterapkan pada saat studi ini dilakukan. Rekomendasi kebijakan yang seharusnya dapat diterapkan oleh pemerintah yaitu sinkronisasi data, penguatan pengawasan kebijakan impor, serta intensifikasi dan ekstensifikasi lahan untuk meningkatkan produksi garam domestik. Salt is a strategic commodity which its demand will continue to increase along with the increasing population. The imbalance between the demand and the supply of salt in Indonesia encourages the government to import salt. This study aimed to analyze: the factors that influence the demand of salt import, the effectiveness of salt import and alternative formulation of domestic salt policies. The panel regression model was conducted to address the problem. The study found that the variables that significantly influenced the import demand of salt in Indonesia were domestic salt production, imported salt price, real GDP of Indonesia, real GDP of importing source country and real exchange rate. Domestic salt production and imported salt price had a negative relationship towards import volume, while other variables had a positive relationship. Another finding is that the goverment policy of importing salt has not been fully implemented at the time of this study. The policies that should be further improved by the goverment can be done by synchronizing the data, strenghtening the monitoring import policy, land intensification and extension support in order to produce salt.