bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A simplified deniable authentication scheme in cloud‐based pay‐TV system with privacy protection
Authors: Zhu Hongfeng 
Published: May 2019

SummaryCloud computing is a milestones for computing model, which enables on‐demand, flexible, and low‐cost usage of computing resources, especially for cloud storage. Nowadays, the services of cloud‐based pay‐TV systems are emerging endlessly. But these pay‐TV systems' privacy is not given enough attention. The users not only care about their information revealed during transmission processes but are also concerned about whether the video contents that they have seen were recorded by the pay‐TV systems or not. In this work, I propose a novel deniable authentication protocol in a cloud‐based pay‐TV system, named DAP‐TV, aiming to achieve mutual authentication, deniability, and privacy protection in cloud‐based pay‐TV systems. The unique feature of our scheme is deniability which means a pay‐TV system to identify a user is a legal user, but the pay‐TV system cannot prove video contents that the user has seen to any third party over an unsecured network. In additon, our scheme is based on chaotic maps, which is a highly efficient cryptosystem and is firstly used to construct a deniable authentication scheme in pay‐TV systems. Finally, we give the formal security proof and efficiency comparison with recently related works.
Landscape effects on the contemporary genetic structure of Ruffed Grouse (Bonasa umbellus) populations
Authors: Jensen Ashley M. , O'Neil Nicholas P. , Iwaniuk Andrew N. , Burg Theresa M. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe amount of dispersal that occurs among populations can be limited by landscape heterogeneity, which is often due to both natural processes and anthropogenic activity leading to habitat loss or fragmentation. Understanding how populations are structured and mapping existing dispersal corridors among populations is imperative to both determining contemporary forces mediating population connectivity, and informing proper management of species with fragmented populations. Furthermore, the contemporary processes mediating gene flow across heterogeneous landscapes on a large scale are understudied, particularly with respect to widespread species. This study focuses on a widespread game bird, the Ruffed Grouse (Bonasa umbellus), for which we analyzed samples from the western extent of the range. Using three types of genetic markers, we uncovered multiple factors acting in concert that are responsible for mediating contemporary population connectivity in this species. Multiple genetically distinct groups were detected; microsatellite markers revealed six groups, and a mitochondrial marker revealed four. Many populations of Ruffed Grouse are genetically isolated, likely by macrogeographic barriers. Furthermore, the addition of landscape genetic methods not only corroborated genetic structure results, but also uncovered compelling evidence that dispersal resistance created by areas of unsuitable habitat is the most important factor mediating population connectivity among the sampled populations. This research has important implications for both our study species and other inhabitants of the early successional forest habitat preferred by Ruffed Grouse. Moreover, it adds to a growing body of evidence that isolation by resistance is more prevalent in shaping population structure of widespread species than previously thought.
Surface melt‐driven seasonal behaviour (englacial and subglacial) from a soft‐bedded temperate glacier recorded by in situ wireless probes
Authors: Hart Jane K. , Martinez Kirk , Basford Philip J. , Clayton Alexander I. , Bragg Graeme M. , Ward Tyler , Young David S. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractWe investigate the spatial and temporal englacial and subglacial processes associated with a temperate glacier resting on a deformable bed using the unique Glacsweb wireless in situ probes (embedded in the ice and the till) combined with other techniques [including ground penetrating radar (GPR) and borehole analysis]. During the melt season (spring, summer and autumn), high surface melt leads to high water pressures in the englacial and subglacial environment. Winter is characterized by no surface melting on most days (‘base’) apart from a series of positive degree days. Once winter begins, a diurnal water pressure cycle is established in the ice and at the ice/sediment interface, with direct meltwater inputs from the positive degree days and a secondary slower englacial pathway with a five day lag. This direct surface melt also drives water pressure changes in the till. Till deformation occurred throughout the year, with the winter rate approximately 60% that of the melt season. We were able to show the bed comprised patches of till with different strengths, and were able to estimate their size, relative percentage and temporal stability. We show that the melt season is characterized by a high pressure distributed system, and winter by a low pressure channelized system. We contrast this with studies from Greenland (overlying rigid bedrock), where the opposite was found. We argue our results are typical of soft bedded glaciers with low englacial water content, and suggest this type of glacier can rapidly respond to surface‐driven melt. Based on theoretical and field results we suggest that the subglacial hydrology comprises a melt season distributed system dominated by wide anastomosing broad flat channels and thin water sheets, which may become more channelized in winter, and more responsive to changes in meltwater inputs. © 2019 The Authors. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
How Important is Bioturbation for Sediment-to-Water Flux of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in the Baltic Sea?
Authors: Mustajärvi Lukas , Nybom Inna , Eriksson-Wiklund Ann-Kristin , Eek Espen , Cornelissen Gerard , Sobek Anna 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
In the present study a recently developed benthic flow-through chamber was used to assess the sediment-to-water flux of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) at 4 sites on the Swedish Baltic Sea coast. The flow-through chamber allows for assessment of the potential effect of bioturbation on the sediment-to-water flux of hydrophobic organic contaminants. The sediments at the 4 investigated sites have both varying contamination degree and densities of bioturbating organisms. The flux of individual PAHs measured with the flow-through chamber ranged between 21 and 510, 11 and 370, 3 and 9700, and 62 and 2300 ng m–2 d–1 for the 4 sites. To assess the potential effect of bioturbation on the sediment-to-water flux, 3 flow-through and closed chambers were deployed in parallel at each site. The activity of benthic organisms is attenuated or halted because of depletion of oxygen in closed benthic chambers. Therefore, the discrepancy in flux measured with the 2 different chamber designs was used as an indication of a possible effect of bioturbation. A potential effect of bioturbation on the sediment-to-water flux by a factor of 3 to 55 was observed at sites with a high density of bioturbating organisms (e.g., Marenzelleria spp., Monoporeia affinis, and Macoma balthica of approximately 860–1200 individuals m–2) but not at the site with much lower organism density (&lt;200 individuals m–2). One site had a high organism density and a low potential effect of bioturbation, which we hypothesize to be caused by the dominance of oligochaetes/polychaetes at this site because worms (Marenzelleria spp.) reach deeper into the sediment than native crustaceans and mollusks. Environ Toxicol Chem 2019;38:1803–1810. © 2019 SETAC
Abstract
Sediment-to-water flux of legacy persistent organic pollutants determined by 2 types of benthic chambers: one flow-through chamber allowing for bioturbation, and 1 closed chamber with no bioturbation. The photo to the right shows the chambers before they are placed on the sediment.
A Preliminary Validity Evaluation of a Learning Progression for the Concept of Function
Authors: Graf Edith Aurora , Peters Stephanie , Fife James H. , van Rijn Peter W. , Arieli‐Attali Meirav , Marquez Elizabeth 
Published: May 2019

AbstractLearning progressions (LPs) describe the development of domain‐specific knowledge, skills, and understanding. Each level of an LP characterizes a phase of student thinking en route to a target performance. The rationale behind LP development is to provide road maps that can be used to guide student thinking from one level to the next. The validity of an LP cannot be taken for granted, however. LPs evolve from a synthesis of multiple research studies, subject‐matter expertise, and standards documents. They are working models of student development that may require revision in light of critique and empirical evidence. The formulation of an LP is an iterative process in which expert feedback is elicited, data are collected, and the LP is revised accordingly. We developed an LP for the concept of function both because the concept of function is challenging to attain and because it is central to the study of algebra and higher mathematics. We report early findings with respect to the validity of the concept of function LP, based on small‐scale cognitive interviews and expert reviews.
Energy‐efficient operation of a network of OpenFlow switches featuring hardware acceleration and frequency scaling
Authors: Ghiasian Ali , Liu Pengcheng , Wang Xiaojun , Collier Martin 
Published: May 2019

AbstractRecent trends in networking include the move to software‐defined networking, wherein “white‐box” OpenFlow switches unburden control plane functions to a server or the cloud, and network function virtualization (NFV), where network functions traditionally implemented by custom hardware are implemented in generic servers. The use of generic x86 servers reduces costs but limits opportunities to enhance performance and minimise energy consumption. Hardware acceleration techniques used in conjunction with NFV retain the latter's advantages of flexibility and scalability, whilst potentially minimising the energy costs associated with achieving performance targets. In this paper, we utilize field‐programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) for hardware acceleration to perform the switching function of OpenFlow switches. We develop a model of power consumption in a network of FPGA‐based OpenFlow switches. The parameters of the model have been determined empirically using live data from measurements. It has been used in formulating a networkwide optimisation problem wherein frequency scaling is used to minimise power consumption in the network. An online packet routing algorithm is proposed to complete the offline optimisation solution. Our results show that energy efficiency is better achieved when each device operates at an intermediate frequency rather than when the optimisation target is to maximise the number of switches or number of links in sleep state. The improvement is 24% and 40%, respectively. These results suggest a new energy‐efficient flow routing strategy whereby hardware acceleration resources will be utilised to improve energy efficiency.
Curdlan enhances the structure of myosin gel model
Authors: Li Qianru , Wang Peisen , Miao Song , Zhang Longtao , Zheng Baodong 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe aim of this work was to investigate the gelation mechanism of curdlan on surimi using a myosin gel model. Experimental results showed that with increased levels of curdlan, the water‐holding capacity, gel strength, and storage modulus of a myosin gel first increased and then decreased. The optimum level of curdlan was found to be 1%. Moreover, myosin–curdlan mixed gel showed decreased water liquidity based on the results of low‐field nuclear magnetic resonance. The enhanced physicochemical properties of myosin–curdlan mixed gel were attributed to the strengthened hydrogen bonding and to the uniform and compact network structure shown by Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The results of this study suggest that curdlan has the potential to be used in surimi‐based seafood products to enhance the gel structure.
Low‐ and high‐dose aripiprazole augmentation and plasma levels of homovanillic acid in major depressive disorder: A randomized, open‐label study
Authors: Horikoshi Sho , Miura Itaru , Ichinose Mizue , Yamamoto Shinnosuke , Ito Masashi , Watanabe Kenya , Kanno‐Nozaki Keiko , Kaneko Haruka , Yabe Hirooki 
Published: May 2019

AbstractObjectiveThis randomized controlled study evaluated the efficacy of low‐dose (LD) and high‐dose (HD) aripiprazole augmentation in major depressive disorder. Additionally, we examined the relationship between clinical response and changes in plasma homovanillic acid (pHVA) levels during aripiprazole augmentation.MethodsThirty‐one patients with inadequate response to antidepressants were randomized to receive adjunctive treatment with LD (3 mg/day, n = 17) or HD (up to 12 mg/day, n = 14) aripiprazole for 6 weeks. We evaluated the Montgomery–Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) and measured pHVA at baseline, Week 2, and end point.ResultsBoth LD and HD aripiprazole significantly decreased MADRS score after 6 weeks, and the response rate was higher in HD aripiprazole group at end point. HD aripiprazole significantly decreased MADRS score at Week 2 compared with LD aripiprazole (p = .015). There was a significant difference in changes in pHVA between responders and nonresponders, showing pHVA decreased significantly in responders at Week 2 (p = .044).ConclusionsIncreasing aripiprazole from the early period appeared useful for immediate response, although caution is needed when increasing the dose >6 mg/day. pHVA may be a possible indicator of the response to aripiprazole augmentation. Caution is needed in interpreting these findings because of the small sample size.
Advances on three‐dimensional electrodes for micro‐supercapacitors: A mini‐review
Authors: Liu Long , Zhao Huaping , Lei Yong 
Published: May 2019

AbstractOwing to the high power density, long cycle life and maintain‐free, micro‐supercapacitors (MSCs) stand out as preferred miniaturized energy source for the miscellaneous autonomous electronic components. However, the shortage of energy density is the main stumbling block for their practical applications. To solve this energy issue, constructing a three‐dimensional (3D) electrode within the limited footprint area is proposed as a new solution for improving the energy storage capacity of MSCs. In the last few years, extensive efforts have been devoted to developing 3D electrodes for MSCs, and significant progress and breakthrough have been achieved. While, there is still lack of systematic summary on the 3D electrode design strategies. To this end, it is imperative to outline the basic design conception, summarize the current states, and discuss the future research about 3D electrodes in MSCs based on the latest development.
Evaluation of the effects of silver nanoparticles on Danio rerio cornea: Morphological and ultrastructural analysis
Authors: Pecoraro Roberta , Salvaggio Antonio , Scalisi Elena M. , Iaria Carmelo , Lanteri Giovanni , Copat Chiara , Ferrante Margherita , Fragalà Giuseppe , Zimbone Massimo , Impellizzeri Giuliana , Brundo Maria V. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractAlthough in recent years there has been intensification in the use of nanoparticles (NPs) for the production of many commercial products, few studies have been carried out to assess the risks associated with its use. Among the most used NPs, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have a preponderant position as they have various applications. In this study, 40 adult zebrafish were exposed to increasing concentrations of AgNPs (8, 45, and 70 μg/L) for 30 days to evaluate the effects on eyes after chronic exposure to AgNPs with an average diameter of 50 nm. From the morphological and ultrastructural analysis performed, no alteration or lesions of the corneal epithelium were detected.
Diffusion MR imaging acquisition and analytics for microstructural delineation in pre‐clinical models of TBI
Authors: Harris N. G. , Paydar A. , Smith G. S. , Lepore S. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractSignificant progress has been made toward improving both the acquisition of clinical diffusion‐weighted imaging (DWI) data and its analysis in the uninjured brain, through various techniques including a large number of model‐based solutions that have been proposed to fit for multiple tissue compartments, and multiple fibers per voxel. While some of these techniques have been applied to clinical traumatic brain injury (TBI) research, the majority of these technological enhancements have yet to be fully implemented in the preclinical arena of TBI animal model‐based research. In this review, we describe the requirement for preclinical, MRI‐based efforts to provide systematic confirmation of the applicability of some of these models as indicators of tissue pathology within the injured brain. We review how current DWI techniques are currently being used in animal TBI models, and describe how both acquisition and analytic techniques could be extended to leverage the progress made in clinical work. Finally, we highlight remaining gaps in the preclinical pipeline from data acquisition to final analysis that currently have no real, preclinical‐based correlate.
Effect of the post treatments for biowaste‐based digestates on water solubility of nutrients and iron‐cyanide (Fe‐CN) complex mobility
Authors: Sut‐Lohmann Magdalena , Knoop Christine , Raab Thomas 
Published: May 2019

AbstractWith recent policy developments, an increase in organic waste utilization is expected. However, the use of organic amendments to reduce the mobility of iron‐cyanide (Fe‐CN) complexes and simultaneously promote vegetation growth has not been studied before. Therefore, we evaluated the effect of (a) drying, (b) composting, and (c) pelletizing on the ability of digestates (biowastes from an anaerobic treatment of municipal organic waste) to provide easily available nutrients and stabilize Fe‐CN complexes.Extraction with deionized water resulted in a considerably higher nutrient and carbon elution from air‐dried and oven‐dried digestates (50% dry matter [DM] of total K, 11% DM Mg, 7% DM Ca, and 6% DM C). Mixer‐pelletized digestates stand out among the composted samples (42% of total K, 3% DM C, 5% DM P, 1.5% DM Mg, and 1% DM Ca). The adsorption experiment showed the highest significant tot. CN conc. reduction using noncomposted, air‐dried (100%), and oven‐dried (82%) digestates. Significant correlations have been found for Mg, Ca, and dissolved organic carbon elution and slightly acidic pH as well as CN adsorption. The Fourier transform infrared analysis revealed Fe‐CN complexation on inorganic (K2Mn[FeII (CN)6] and NH4Fe[FeII (CN)6]) and organic constituents indicating formation of nitriles. Air‐ and oven‐dried digestates showed the most promising results in terms of nutrients' availability and ability to decrease Fe‐CN complex mobility.
Collecting and processing of barometric data from smartphones for potential use in numerical weather prediction data assimilation
Authors: Hintz Kasper S. , Vedel Henrik , Kaas Eigil 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe potential for use of crowd‐sourced data in the atmospheric sciences is vastly expanding, including observations from smartphones with barometric sensors. Smartphone pressure observations can potentially help improve numerical weather prediction and aid forecasters. In this contribution a method of collecting data from smartphones is presented, other methods are discussed and guidelines are derived from the experience. Quality control is vital when using crowd‐sourced data. Screening methods aimed at smartphone pressure observations are presented. Results from previous studies, showing a substantial but long‐term stable bias in combination with high relative accuracy, are confirmed. The collection of Danish smartphone pressure observations has been very successful, with over 6 million observations during a 7 week period. Case studies show that distinct weather patterns can be seen in unprocessed data. The screening method developed reduces the observational noise but filters out the majority of observations. Assimilating smartphone pressure observations in a single case study, using the 3D variational data assimilation system of the HARMONIE numerical weather prediction system, proved to decrease the bias of surface pressure in the model without increasing the root mean square error and the skill of accumulated precipitation increased. It is found that the altitude assignment of smartphones needs improvement.
miR‐584‐5p regulates hepatocellular carcinoma cell migration and invasion through targeting KCNE2
Authors: Wei Huamei , Wang Jianchu , Xu Zuoming , Lu Yuan , Wu Xianjian , Zhuo Chenyi , Tan Chuan , Tang Qianli , Pu Jian 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBackgroundHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancer type. This study was aimed to investigate the role of microRNA‐584‐5p (miR‐584‐5p) in regulating HCC progression.MethodsThe expression of miR‐584‐5p in HCC cell lines was analyzed by quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction. Effects of miR‐584‐5p depletion on HCC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro were analyzed by cell counting kit‐8 assay, wound‐healing assay, and transwell invasion assay. miR‐584‐5p targeting potassium voltage‐gated channel subfamily E regulatory subunit 2 (KCNE2) was identified using bioinformatics algorithm and dual‐luciferase activity reporter assay. Kaplan–Meier Plotter website was used to investigate the effect of miR‐584‐5p or KCNE2 expression on the overall survival of HCC patients.ResultsIn vitro functional assays showed miR‐584‐5p depletion decreased HCC cell proliferation, cell migration, and cell invasion. Moreover, miR‐584‐5p functions by directly targeting KCNE2, and it in turn, mediates the effects of miR‐584‐5p on HCC cell behaviors.ConclusionsThese results demonstrated that miR‐584‐5p functions as an oncogenic miRNA in HCC.
Analysis of deletional hereditary persistence of fetal hemoglobin/δβ‐thalassemia and δ‐globin gene mutations in Southerwestern China
Authors: Zhang Jie , Yang Yang , Li Peng , Yan Yuanlong , Lv Tao , Zhao Tingting , Zeng Xiaohong , Li Dongmei , Zhou Xiaoyan , Chen Hong , Su Jie , Yang Tonghua , He Jing , Zhu Baosheng 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBackgroundDeletional hereditary persistence of fetal hemoglobin (HPFH)/δβ‐thalassemia and δ‐thalassemia are rare inherited disorders which may complicate the diagnosis of β‐thalassemia. The aim of this study was to reveal the frequency of these two disorders in Southwestern China.MethodsA total of 33,596 subjects were enrolled for deletional HPFH/δβ‐thalassemia, and positive individuals with high fetal hemoglobin (Hb F) level were diagnosed by multiplex ligation‐dependent probe amplification (MLPA). A total of 17,834 subjects were analyzed for mutations in the δ‐globin gene. Positive samples with low Hb A2 levels were confirmed by δ‐globin gene sequencing. Furthermore, the pathogenicity and construction of a selected δ‐globin mutation were analyzed.ResultsA total of 92 suspected cases with Hb F ≥5.0% were further characterized by MLPA. Eight different deletional HPFH/δβ‐thalassemia were observed at a frequency of 0.024%. In addition, 195 cases suspected to have a δ‐globin gene mutation (Hb A2 ≤2.0%) were characterized by molecular analysis. δ‐Globin gene mutation was found at a frequency of 0.49% in Yunnan. The pathogenicity and construction for a selected δ‐globin mutation was predicted.ConclusionScreening of these two disorders was analyzed in Southwestern China, which could define the molecular basis of these conditions in this population.