6.M. Scientific session: Risk And Resilience Factors Of Mental Health During COVID: European Multi-country Data Findings
Authors:   Organised by: Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam (Netherlands),   Chair persons: Anke B Witteveen (Netherlands)
Published: October 2024

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic significantly affected mental health. It worsened the mental health and well-being of those already vulnerable or exposed to excess pandemic-related stress. In addition, lockdowns and other measures created additional obstacles to mental health support access. In response, the European Commission funded the RESPOND project in 2020, aimed at enhancing the preparedness of mental health systems for pandemics and global crises. As part of the RESPOND project, (meta-)analyses were conducted on prospective cohort datasets, national health register data, and multi-country individual participant data (IPD). The aim was to examine whether there was a change in prevalence rates of mental health conditions (e.g., anxiety and depression) in the general adult population of the EU during, compared to before and in between, the COVID-19 pandemic waves. Analyses on risk factors (e.g. sociodemographic- and economic factors, severity of COVID-19 infection, (lack of) social activity and support, and loneliness) associated with psychological distress and mental disorders as well as resilience and well-being (coping strategies and core value orientations) in the general population or specific vulnerable groups were conducted as well. This workshop will feature five talks covering various aspects of the RESPOND epidemiological analyses. First, an introduction and rationale of the RESPOND study on short- and long-term impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic and outbreak response, will be provided. Subsequently, findings from the multi-country longitudinal COvid MEntal healTh Survey (COMET) on forecasting psychological distress throughout the pandemic will be presented. Second, findings from the French TEMPO (Trajectoires EpideMiologiques en POpulation) cohort and merged datasets will be presented indicating associations and interactions between socioeconomic factors, mental health, and public health behaviours during the pandemic. Third, using data of a large Belgian prospective cohort, fluctuations in risk of psychological distress across study waves and the factors associated with individual trajectories of psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic will be presented. Fourth, the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection, severe COVID-19 outcomes, and death among individuals with various mental disorders, based on Spanish health records, will be presented with specific attention to sex differences. Finally, based on the IPD meta-analyses of 9 European cohorts, findings on stressor reactivity, resilience trajectories, and factors associated with resilient outcomes and vulnerability are presented. By presenting a selection of findings from large datasets together, we aim to facilitate discussions on critical topics such as vulnerability and resilience to mitigate mental health impacts in future public health crises.

Key messages
• Targeting specific individual vulnerabilities appears to be more effective in reducing the pandemics’ mental health impact than solely responding to pandemic-related fluctuations.
• Research and harmonised data on vulnerability and resilience factors are essential for guiding the development of targeted interventions and support systems for vulnerable populations during crises.