bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluación cognitiva de niños: un estudio comparativo en San Luis, Argentina/Cognitive Evaluation of Children: a Comparative Study in San Luis, Argentina
Authors: Hauser María Paulina , Labin Agustina 
Published: June 2018

EspañolEn la provincia de San Luis (Argentina), se desarrollaron dos estudios con el propósito de conocer la incidencia de factores socioambientales en el desarrollo cognitivo de los niños. En la primera investigación se trabajó con una muestra de niños de alto riesgo entre 6 y 12 meses y, en la segunda, con una muestra de niños sanos de 6 a 9 años. Las evaluaciones cognitivas se llevaron a cabo mediante la aplicación de la Escala Argentina de Inteligencia Sensorio Motriz (EAIS) en la primera investigación y la versión argentina de la Escala de Inteligencia de Wechsler (WISC-IV) en la segunda. Los resultados reflejan que la variable ambiental nivel educativo materno incide en el rendimiento cognitivo alcanzado por los niños de 6 a 9 años, porque a medida en que aumenta la escolaridad materna mejoran los percentiles obtenidos por sus hijos. Sin embargo, no ocurre lo mismo en los bebés evaluados entre los 6 y los 12 meses de vida. Como conclusión, se remarca la importancia de los primeros años de vida en el crecimiento, la maduración y el desarrollo posterior del niño, así como el impacto que el medio familiar, cultural y social puede tener sobre los mismos. Además, se entiende al desarrollo cognitivo como un proceso multideterminado por aspectos subjetivos, ambientales, históricos-sociales y genéticos, entre otros.EnglishPreliminary results are presented from two studies carried out in the province of San Luis, Argentina in which cognitive development in children was evaluated. A sample of high-risk children between 6 and 12 months of age was used in the first study, and in the second a sample of healthy children aged 6-9 years was used. Cognitive assessments were carried out by applying the Argentine Sensory-Motor Intelligence Scale (EAIS) in the first study and the Argentine version of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale (WISC-IV) in the second study. The aim of this work is to discern what factors can affect cognitive development in children. The results reflect that the environmental variable, maternal educational level, affects the cognitive performance achieved by children from 6 to 9 years of age, since as maternal schooling increases the percentiles obtained by their children also rise. However, this was not the case in those infants evaluated between 6 and 12 months of age. We conclude about the importance of early life in growth, maturation and subsequent child development and the impact that family, cultural and social environments may have on them. Cognitive development is understood as a multi-determined process with subjective, environmental, historical and social and genetic aspects, among others.
The State of the Literature on Audit Committee Compensation and Its Implications for Practice and Research
Authors: Hayek Caroline Claro 
Published: June 2018

SUMMARY
The compensation structure of audit committee members has shifted over time to comprise greater proportions of equity and less cash. Practitioners and researchers debate what mixture of cash and equity compensation promotes audit committee objectivity and financial reporting quality. This article summarizes the current state of the audit committee compensation literature and discusses the implications of these findings for future researchers, practitioners, and regulators.
Color Repair of a Composite Resin Restoration
Authors: Rauber GB , Taguchi CMC , Padilha ACL , de Re Silveira RC , Bernardon JK , Baratieri LN 
Published: June 2018

SUMMARY
Fractured teeth with both enamel and dentin involvement might be treated with adhesive composite resin restorations. In cases where a perfect color match between the composite restoration and the remaining tooth structure is not achieved, a repair might be carried out to correct the color of restoration. This procedure avoids the restoration replacement, preserving tooth structure without compromising the esthetic outcome.
Effect of Remineralizing Gels on Microhardness, Color and Wear Susceptibility of Bleached Enamel
Authors: Crastechini E , Borges AB , Torres CRG 
Published: June 2018

SUMMARY

Objectives:
To evaluate the effect of a remineralizing gel combining fluoride and calcium silicate/phosphate or a sodium fluoride gel on bleached enamel microhardness, color, and wear susceptibility.

Methods and Materials:
Two hundred forty bovine enamel-dentin samples were prepared. Baseline analysis of Knoop microhardness, color coordinates (L*a*b*), and surface profile were performed. According to the baseline microhardness values, specimens were stratified into six groups (n=40): NC (negative control)—no treatment; BL (positive control)—bleaching with 40% hydrogen peroxide gel (Opalescence Boost, Ultradent); BL/Rs—bleaching + application of calcium silicate/phosphate gel (Regenerate Serum, Unilever - Rs); Rs/BL—Rs + bleaching; Rs/BL/Rs—Rs + bleaching + Rs; and BL/F—bleaching + 2% sodium fluoride gel. After the treatment described for each group, color change (ΔE) and microhardness were evaluated again. To evaluate abrasion susceptibility, samples were randomly divided into two subgroups, according to the toothpaste used (Cp—Close Up or Rt—Regenerate), and underwent 100,000 brushing strokes. The profile of each sample was evaluated and the mean wear calculated. The data were analyzed by ANOVA and Tukey tests.

Results:
All bleached groups showed a significant reduction of microhardness in relation to the negative control. The groups treated with remineralizing gels showed a significantly higher microhardness and less wear than the positive control, although nonsignificant differences were observed among them. Nonsignificant differences in ΔE were found among bleached groups. The groups brushed with Regenerate toothpaste showed significantly less wear than those brushed with Close Up toothpaste.

Conclusions:
The remineralizing gels did not interfere with bleaching efficacy. However, all the treatments minimized the surface hardness reduction caused by the bleaching procedure and enamel loss after abrasion. Regenerate toothpaste resulted in less enamel abrasion.
In Vitro Effect of Innovative Desensitizing Agents on Dentin Tubule Occlusion and Erosive Wear
Authors: Garofalo SA , Sakae LO , Machado AC , Cunha SR , Zezell DM , Scaramucci T , Aranha AC 
Published: June 2018

SUMMARY

Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of four in-office desensitizing products on dentin tubule occlusion and erosive wear.

Methods:
Dentin hypersensitivity was simulated by EDTA application for five minutes. The specimens were randomly allocated into five groups (n=11), according to treatment: No treatment - Control (C), Duraphat (DUR), Desensibilize Nano P (NP), ClinPro XT Varnish (XTV), and ClinPro White Varnish (CWV). They were then submitted to erosive/abrasive cycling for five days. After EDTA, treatment, and cycling, the specimens were analyzed with an environmental scanning electron microscope (ESEM) to verify the number of opened dentin tubules (ODT) which were counted by using ImageJ software, and with a profilometer to determine the surface curvature/loss. ESEM data were analyzed with two-way repeated measure analysis of variance and Tukey tests. For the profilometer, data were analyzed with Kruskal-Wallis, Tukey, and Mann-Whitney tests.

Results:
After treatment, all groups showed lower ODT than the control, without significant differences between them. After cycling, the only group that showed lower ODT than the control was group XTV; however, it did not significantly differ from the other groups. For the profilometric analysis, there were significant differences in SL between the experimental times after treatment and after cycling for all groups (p&lt;0.05). After cycling, no surface loss was detected in groups DUR and XTV, which presented a significantly different curvature than group NP and the control group, but not from group CWV. Surface loss was detected for the control and groups NP and CWV, without difference among them.

Conclusion:
All desensitizing agents tested presented promising results concerning the obliteration of dentin tubules immediately after treatment. XTV was the only desensitizer capable of preventing the reopening of the tubules after the erosive/abrasive challenges. XTV and DUR presented a protective effect against dentin erosive wear.
Application of Calcium Silicate Materials After Acid Etching May Preserve Resin-Dentin Bonds
Authors: Aggarwal V , Bhasin SS 
Published: June 2018

SUMMARY

Introduction:
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of the application of calcium silicate materials (CSMs), after acid etching, on the longevity of the hybrid layer and marginal adaptation of composite restorations.

Methods and Materials:
Eighty human permanent molars received an intrapulpal pressure of 15 cm H2O. Sixty teeth received a mesial proximal slot preparation with the gingival margin extending 1 mm below the cemento-enamel junction. The samples were divided into two groups. Group 1 received restorations using two types of etch-and-rinse adhesives: ethanol based (Single Bond, 3M ESPE, St Paul, MN, USA) and acetone based (Prime & Bond NT, Dentsply, DeTrey GmbH, Germany). In group 2 samples, a commercially available CSM (ProRoot MTA) was allowed to set before grinding and placing into a distilled water solution. This solution was applied on the cavity floor after acid etching. The surface was washed after 30 seconds followed by application of adhesives and restorations as in group 1. The samples were stored in phosphate-buffered saline for six months, maintaining the intrapulpal pressure. An epoxy replica was made, and the marginal adaptation was evaluated using scanning electron microscopy. The percentage of continuous margin (CM) was recorded for each group. Another 20 samples were used for hybrid layer evaluation. The crowns were ground to expose dentin. Intrapulpal pressure was applied. The samples were divided into two groups and restored similar to samples restored for marginal adaptation evaluation. The samples were longitudinally cut in 1-mm slices. The slices were stored under 15 cm of phosphate-buffered saline to simulate the pulpal pressure. After six months, the adhesive interface was evaluated using a scanning electron microscope. Statistical analysis was done with two-way analysis of variance with Holm-Sidak's correction for multiple comparisons.

Results:
Application of CSMs improved the marginal adaptation values in both adhesive groups. In group 1, there were areas of incomplete penetration of resins along with evidence of partial degradation of resin tags. Samples receiving CSM application after acid etching demonstrated long and regular resin tags with very few signs of degradation.

Conclusions:
Application of CSMs after acid etching can be a potential avenue in preserving the resin-dentin bonds.
Linear Coefficient of Thermal Expansion Evaluation of Glass Ionomer and Resin-Modified Glass Ionomer Restorative Materials
Authors: Pinto-Sinai G , Brewster J , Roberts H 
Published: June 2018

SUMMARY

Objective:
The purpose of this evaluation was to evaluate the linear coefficient of thermal expansion (LCTE) of 12 conventional glass ionomer (GIC) and four resin-modified glass ionomer (RMGI) restorative materials.

Methods:
GIC and RMGI specimens (2 mm × 5 mm × 5 mm) were fabricated (n=12) following manufacturer instructions and were placed in 0.2M phosphate-buffered saline and stored at 37°C and 98% humidity for one week. Specimens had LCTE determined with a thermomechanical analysis (TMA) unit using a 15°C-50°C heating cycle as well as a 50°C-15°C cooling cycle at a 5°C/min rate, using a 3-mm ball-point probe under 0.02 N probe pressure with all specimens kept saturated with PBS using a specially designed quartz container. Each specimen was tested three times, with the mean representing the specimen LCTE. Mean results between specimen heating and cooling were compared with paired Wilcoxon sign rank test, while results between materials were compared with Kruskal-Wallis/Dunn's (α=0.05).

Results:
GIC LCTE ranged from approximately 5°C to 20°C ppm °K−1, while the RMGI LCTE ranged from approximately 25°C to 47°C ppm °K−1. With some exception, the LCTE during cooling displayed a greater trend.

Significance:
Under moisture conditions similar to the oral cavity, GIC materials overall had LCTE values closer to that reported for tooth structure. RMGI materials displayed higher values, which was thought to be related to the amount of resin in the matrix. A generally greater LCTE trend with cooling for all materials was noted, but the small magnitude of the difference is presently thought to be of minor clinical significance.
Surface Roughness of Ceramic-Resin Composites After Femtosecond Laser Irradiation, Sandblasting or Acid Etching and Their Bond Strength With and Without Silanization to a Resin Cement
Authors: Demirtag Z , Culhaoglu AK 
Published: June 2018

SUMMARY

Objectives:
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of femtosecond laser irradiation, sandblasting, or acid etching treatments on the surface roughness of ceramic-resin composites and also shear bond strength (SBS) with and without silanization to a resin cement.

Methods:
Samples of Vita Enamic (VE; Vita Zahnfabrik, Bad Säckingen, Germany) and Lava Ultimate (LU; 3M ESPE, Seefeld, Germany) were classified into control (no treatment), sandblasting, hydrofluoric acid, and femtosecond laser groups (n=30). Surface roughness was determined using two-dimensional contact profilometry. Surface topography was evaluated using a three-dimensional contact profilometer and a scanning electron microscope. Then groups were divided into two subgroups with similar surface roughness values, including control (C), control + silane (C-S), sandblasting (SB), sandblasting + silane (SB-S), hydrofluoric acid (HF), hydrofluoric acid + silane (HF-S), femtosecond laser (FS), and femtosecond laser + silane (FS-S) groups (n=15). Panavia F 2.0 resin cement was applied to the sample surfaces using an SDI SBS rig (SDI Limited, Bayswater, Australia). The SBS test was performed after water storage (24 h, 37°C) and thermocycles (2000 cycles, 5°C to 55°C), and failure modes were evaluated.

Results:
The highest surface roughness was observed in the FS group, and the highest SBS was observed in the FS-S group for both VE and LU (p&lt;0.001). Silanization improved the SBS of VE significantly (p&lt;0.001) in all surface treatments but did not improve that of LU except in the FS group (p=0.004). There was a significantly moderate negative correlation in the VE/SB group (p=0.012) and a moderate positive correlation in the VE/HF group (p=0.049).

Conclusions:
Femtosecond laser irradiation was found to be more effective than sandblasting or acid etching in increasing the surface roughness, and it was also the most effective surface treatment with silanization on the SBS of a resin cement to the ceramic-resin composites.
Maharashtra State’s Electricity Supply - Demand Forecasting for 2030 and 2050 using LEAP
Authors: Lotia Namrata , Shrivastava R. L. , Bagde Sachin , Pandit Pushkar 
Published: June 2018

Electricity is one of the essential facilitator for achieving socio-economic development of the state and so the country. Amongst various modes adopted for meeting the ever increasing demand of electricity to achieve the targeted growth rate, Generation (supply) capacity enhancement is the most essential component. The economic growth leads to growth in demand of power. However, in view of the limited available fuel resources for generation, to meet this demand the capacity addition has to be planned very optimally Keeping in view the status of Maharashtra state as per as electricity consumption is concerned, it becomes essential to forecast the electricity requirement of the state and to meet that forecasted demand, what must be the installed capacity and the rate of electricity generation . In this paper LEAP software has been utilized for electricity requirement (Demand) and electricity generation(Supply) projections using various scenarios for Maharashtra state in 2030 and 2050 .
Combined Strategy for Cellular Traffic Congestion Management
Authors: Singh Avinash , Singh Surya Pratap , Maurya Arvind Kumar , Tripathi Upendra Nath 
Published: June 2018

In wireless media, congestion is usual phenomenon that arises due abruptly raised subscribers demand to establish connections congruently in particular cell at mean real time. Generally, the congestion problem occurs in cellular network traffic and almost persists in every generation. Every mobile network operators is facing this problem every day and struggling to resolve this issue but not being success yet. As more advance cellular devices are being in demand and its users are also being increasing which turns to demand larger bandwidth requirements from cellular subscriber. Presently for cellular network, both at infrastructures level and manual configuration, the network management strategy founds to be inefficient to resolve these issues effective way. While trying to resolve, at certain critical peak hours and occasions, situation gets worse. Since, every cellular operator are being facing strong criticism from both user and regulating authorities on this issue. An effort from subscriber’s end is to done only minor infrastructural changes to operate and maintain the network at low cost which found to ineffective and being failed to handle the communication demands of higher Quality of Service (QoS). One way of handling congestion would be through hardware amendment like sectorial design, cell partition, or some software enabled functions use to organize to automate the configuration, optimize and maintenance of cellular networks, But these changes involves heavy investment by subscriber which in turns to cost from user for its services. Concerning on this unresolved issue, our prime motive is to forward innovative effort work that could effectively and sustainable to manage the congestion for long duration. In this paper, we first review the various load sharing and balancing techniques those are used to resolve traffic congestion occurrences in mobile networks. And further presents an algorithm design that would helpful to develop a reliable, flexible, highly efficient load balancing and sharing system. The system based on proposed schema could manage the cell network resources with special emphasis techniques having suitable self optimization feature for future wireless cellular networks.
A Self-Repairing Digital System with High-Quality Scalability and Fault Coverage
Authors: Ravichand S. , Madhu T. , Sailaja M. 
Published: June 2018

In any fault tolerant or BIST system the primary goal is to covenant with faults that arise in the indented system. The proposed system using genetic algorithm to optimize the performance and area of given circuit. This approach is supple for combinational circuit design. The use of four spare cells simplifies the operation of the active block in the current system; it needs more space to establish itself so it is considered as overhead. The proposed method of fault detection and correction for logical errors using genetic algorithm decreases the area overhead. Detection of Fault in the memory unit through BIST implementation increases the speed but replacing the existing faulty block with fault free block degrades the fault analyzing capabilities. Utmost care has on all the works implemented for the process of minimizing the error in different digital process. Therefore, with the new scope of proposing the method of reducing the error flow for the application of medical field, aeronautical, satellite broadcasting is described very efficiently in this paper. The simulation results of the fault tolerant and self-repairing method using genetic algorithm is presented.
New Feature Vectors using GFCC for Speaker Identification
Authors: Nagesh A. 
Published: June 2018

The feature vectors of speaker identification system plays a crucial role in the overall performance of the system. There are many new feature vectors extraction methods based on MFCC, but ultimately we want to maximize the performance of SID system. The objective of this paper to derive Gammatone Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (GFCC) based a new set of feature vectors using Gaussian Mixer model (GMM) for speaker identification. The MFCC are the default feature vectors for speaker recognition, but they are not very robust at the presence of additive noise. The GFCC features in recent studies have shown very good robustness against noise and acoustic change. The main idea is GFCC features based on GMM feature extraction is to improve the overall speaker identification performance in low signal to noise ratio (SNR) conditions.
Women Empowerment in India: Rationale and Present State
Authors: Panda Dhyanadipta 
Published: June 2018

Women are considered as goddess in Indian culture. But till today in every sphere of life women have been humiliated like anything in the society. In India many rules and legislation has been made for women since independence but till today a woman is fighting for her fundamental right. Women empowerment is the only way by which it can be possible to give equal status to women in a male dominated society like India. To be empowered, women should come forward and realize that they are not second grade citizen of the society and at the same time also equally capable with men in all aspect of livelihood. In this context, the present study analyses different issues of women empowerment and reasons behind not successful implementation of women empowerment programs in the country. Education, financial independence, equal recognition in work place, change of mind set among men can help to accelerate the process of women empowerment in India.
Attribute based Encryption to Control Illegal Definitions in HMS
Authors: Mounika B. , Mamatha B. 
Published: June 2018

Vital details leak existing in wellness details of patients existing in SaaS Health Storage space Atmosphere leads to many harmful functions such as finding details for corporate espionage — like results in drug tests. Discovering figures that could be used to make scams. With wellness figures, it’s complex, but once an outsider haves them, the amounts of money they can scams out of companies like Medical health insurance, State health programs, Blue Cross,” are sub spatial. In that aspect prior system’s ability to use secure listing along with Feature Based Security delicate details helps in thwarting reasoning storage details leaking, it doesn’t address if risk occurs from within. A harmful inner scorned worker but neglect their rights and access then posts delicate wellness details all resulting in same problem again. So we recommend a powerful decrypting meta details embedding criteria that could somehow helpful in catching the harmful inner user although not immediately, but definitely some time in future when researchers get a hold of released delicate wellness details resulting in apprehending of the real criminal. Metadata may be located anywhere in the details file. Except in linearized files (those enhanced for “fast web view”), things in a PDF details file can appear in any order. Furthermore, meta-data sources can be connected at the details file level or to any self-contained subassembly item in the details file, such as a page.