bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investment and dividend dynamics within business groups: evidence from Iran
Authors: Aliabadi Esmaeil , Ebrahim Nejad Ali , Heidari Mahdi 
Published: November 2024

PurposeThe purpose of our study is to examine the functioning of internal capital markets (ICMs) within business groups in Iran. We document how the ultimate owner's economic interests in affiliated firms influence their investment and dividend policies.Design/methodology/approachUsing hand-collected data on the ownership structures of Iranian firms, we first identify group-affiliated firms using Almeida et al.’s (2011) method. Having identified business groups, we test a number of hypotheses concerning the dynamics of the ICMs and the implications of the ultimate owner’s incentives for affiliated firms’ behavior.FindingsWe first demonstrate that investments of group-affiliated firms are less sensitive to their own cash flow (as compared to stand-alone firms) but are sensitive to the cash flows of other firms affiliated with the same group near or at the bottom of the ownership structure. We next find significant variation in dividend policy within groups, with notably higher dividends for firms close to the ultimate owner. Furthermore, we find that higher investments by firms close to the owner lead to lower dividends by firms positioned far from the owner, but the reverse does not hold.Originality/valueWe are the first to examine the effect of group-affiliated firms’ investments on the dividend policies of other firms based on their position within the group. Our findings illuminate how business groups prioritize funding investments in their closely held firms over paying dividends to outside investors in firms positioned farther from the group owner.
Intention to adopt blockchain technology for zakat management in Indonesia
Authors: Juniati Wike , Widiastuti Tika 
Published: November 2024

Purpose
This paper aims to analyze intention for applying blockchain-based technology in zakat management regarding the readiness of zakat institutions and muzakki in Indonesia.

Design/methodology/approach
This research is a mixed method, namely, using qualitative research to examine the readiness of practitioner and academics in welcoming blockchain-based financial technology and using quantitative research to measure people’s knowledge and intentions to adopt zakat using blockchain technology based on UTAUT theory (Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology).

Findings
The findings indicate that performance expectancy, social influence, facilitating conditions and sentiment positively affect the intention to adopt blockchain technology in zakat payments, while effort expectancy do not. Additionally, interviews reveal that practitioners and academics support blockchain technology but are unprepared for its implementation.

Practical implications
The implications of this study suggest important directions for policy makers, notably zakat institutions, supporting the application of blockchain technology and the adaptation of user-friendly information system services to meet the requirements of zakat service users.

Originality/value
This study fills the gap in previous research by offering a more comprehensive analysis of the collaboration between zakat and blockchain technology through three different perspectives, namely, practitioners (BAZNAS), academics and users of zakat services (muzakki).
Hierarchical explicit–implicit combined sensing-based real-time monitoring method for the service performance of complex equipment
Authors: Sa Guodong , Jiang Zhengyang , Sun Jiacheng , Qiu Chan , Liu Zhenyu , Tan Jianrong 
Published: November 2024

PurposeReal-time monitoring of the critical physical fields of core components in complex equipment is of great significance as it can predict potential failures, provide reasonable preventive maintenance strategies and thereby ensure the service performance of the equipment. This research aims to propose a hierarchical explicit–implicit combined sensing-based real-time monitoring method to achieve the sensing of critical physical field information of core components in complex equipment.Design/methodology/approachSensor deployable and non-deployable areas are divided based on the dynamic and static constraints in actual service. An integrated method of measurement point layout and performance evaluation is used to optimize sensor placement, and an association mapping between information in non-deployable and deployable areas is established, achieving hierarchical explicit–implicit combined sensing of key sensor information for core components. Finally, the critical physical fields of core components are reconstructed and visualized.FindingsThe proposed method is applied to the spindle system of CNC machine tools, and the result shows that this method can effectively monitor the spindle system temperature field.Originality/valueThis research provides an effective method for monitoring the service performance of complex equipment, especially considering the dynamic and static constraints during the service process and detecting critical information in non-deployable areas.
Navigating values: leadership behaviors for enhancing police organizational identity
Authors: Schneider Jannick , Striebing Clemens , Uhler Lydia , Wührl Johanna Marie , Schmaus Simon , Weber Mathias 
Published: November 2024

PurposeThis study investigates the differential effectiveness of leadership styles within the German Federal Police Office, focusing on how these styles interact with employees' personal values to influence organizational identification (OI). Thus, we investigate the augmentation hypothesis and explore the moderating effects of personal values on leadership effectiveness regarding OI.Design/methodology/approachUtilizing a quantitative cross-sectional design, the study analyzes responses from 1,816 police employees via the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire and Portraits Value Questionnaire. Hierarchical regressions are used to analyze the hypothesized associations.FindingsThe results indicate that transformational leadership significantly enhances OI more than transactional or laissez-faire leadership. Moderating effects of personal values reveal complex interactions: while transformational leadership consistently predicts higher OI, transactional leadership’s effectiveness varies according to the employees' values such as Conformity and Tradition enhancing OI, Universalism and Benevolence diminishing it. These findings suggest that leadership effectiveness in policing is contingent on aligning leadership style with the personal values of the employees.Originality/valueThis research contributes to the understanding of how personal values modulate the impact of leadership styles on organizational outcomes within police organizations. It underscores the necessity for police leaders to consider the value profiles of their employees to optimize OI and effectiveness. The study is among the first to systematically explore these dynamics within a law enforcement context, providing empirical evidence to inform targeted leadership development and policy-making in policing.
Sustainable bonds as a sustainable financial instrument: thematic insights and future prospects
Authors: Negi Pushpa , Jaiswal Anand 
Published: November 2024

Purpose
This study aims to explore the development and significance of sustainable finance instruments, mainly sustainable bonds. The purpose is to provide policymakers, regulators and researchers with insights into the current state of sustainable finance research and also provide future research directions.

Design/methodology/approach
This study used Scientific Procedures and Rationales for Systematic Literature Reviews as a review protocol and addressed four research questions concerning publication and citation trends, major themes and future research directions in sustainable bonds.

Findings
This study indicated growing attention in sustainable bond research, with increasing publication and citation trends. Along with identifying research themes, the findings include future direction on pricing and risk assessment, market dynamics and growth potential, policy and regulatory environments and global perspectives with local context.

Research limitations/implications
Although this study provides a robust analysis of the current literature, it relies on existing publications and may not capture the latest developments in sustainable bond research. However, policymakers can benefit from insights into the growth and dynamics of sustainable bonds, enabling them to implement effective policies and regulations. Investors and businesses can use this research to inform their environmental, social and governance investment strategies and decision-making processes.

Originality/value
This paper suggests a comprehensive overview of the state of research in sustainable bonds, highlighting the emerging trends and research priorities. It also underlines the significance of sustainable finance in achieving sustainability goals and provides a roadmap for future research.
An insight into LGBTQ+ inclusion within a primary school setting
Authors: Whitley Daniel 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis article explores an insight into Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual Transgender, Queer+ (LGBTQ+) inclusion within two primary school Year 1 classrooms in England. It was a pilot that aimed to teach children about inclusion. It showed positive results that warrant further investigation. Individuals who identify as LGBTQ+ have a right to feel safe within their educational setting, including both staff and pupils. This article will discuss the use of inclusive literature to create reading corners with LGTBQ+ representation. Addressing Pride Month in the primary school curriculum is also given consideration. Additionally, the teacher's perspective is explored within this paper.
Becoming and unbecoming academics: Classed resources and strategies for navigating risky careers
Authors: Mangset Marte , Orupabo Julia 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAcademics influence not only knowledge production but also selection to the labour market and policy development. They have power. Despite the sociological attention paid to class in higher education, few studies have examined the way in which class interferes with the careers of those navigating from being students to becoming scholars. Building on Bourdieu's theory of social reproduction, this study examines how class influences different groups' experiences of becoming academics. Based on 60 interviews with Norwegian scholars in their early to mid‐careers, the analysis identifies the kind of classed resources that are in play in the unequal access to academic positions. Beyond more classical resources, such as financial, cultural, and psychological certainty, the interviewees point to the significance of an early familiarity with the rules of the game and strategic navigation of the academic system. We use these findings to discuss and nuance Pierre Bourdieu's perspectives on the role of incorporated, practical consciousness and disinterestedness in class reproduction in the academic world. This theoretical contribution facilitates the combined analysis of the implicit and the explicit ways that dominant classes preserve their position in the hierarchy, which the study demonstrates as key to social reproduction in academic careers.
Interactive effects of ARRB2 and CHRNA5 genetic polymorphisms on cognitive function in Chinese male methamphetamine use disorder patients
Authors: Jiang Linjun , Wang Dongmei , Tian Yang , Chen Jiajing , Qu Mengqian , Chen Han , Huang Ren , Jia Lianglun , Fu Fabing , Tang Shanshan , Wang Xiaotao , Zhang Xiang‐Yang 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesBoth β‐arrestin2 and nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) have been implicated in cognitive processes, particularly in relation to psychiatric disorders, including addiction. Previous studies have suggested that nAChR may be regulated by β‐arrestin2. However, no study has investigated the interaction of β‐arrestin2 and nAChR on cognition. We aimed to examine the main and interactive effects of their respective encoding genes, ARRB2 and CHRNA5, on cognitive function in MUD patients.MethodsWe recruited 559 patients with methamphetamine use disorder (MUD) and 459 healthy controls, assessed their cognitive functioning using the Chinese version of the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS), and genotyped ARRB2 rs1045280 and CHRNA5 rs3829787 polymorphisms in MUD patients.ResultsCompared to healthy controls, MUD patients scored significantly lower on all RBANS indexes. Neither ARRB2 rs1045280 nor CHRNA5 rs3829787 had main effects on cognitive function in MUD patients, but there were significant interactive effects between the two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on multiple RBANS indexes, including immediate memory, visuospatial/constructional, delayed memory, and total score. In detail, among carriers of CHRNA5 rs3829787 T allele, ARRB2 rs1045280 TT carriers had higher RBANS scores than the C allele carriers, whereas among carriers of CHRNA5 rs3829787 CC genotype, ARRB2 rs1045280 TT carriers performed worse in RBANS.Conclusions and Scientific SignificanceOur study identified for the first time an interactive effect between ARRB2 and CHRNA5 on cognitive function in MUD patients, which would enlarge our knowledge of genetic interaction on cognitive function.
Meta‐Analysis: Evaluating Placebo Rates Across Outcomes in Eosinophilic Oesophagitis Randomised Controlled Trials
Authors: Rivas Angelica , Ahmed Newaz Shubidito , Yuan Yuhong , Qasim Anila , O'Gorman David B. , Feagan Brian G. , Jairath Vipul , Bredenoord Albert J. , Dellon Evan S. , Ma Christopher 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundHigh placebo responses have limited drug development in eosinophilic oesophagitis. The optimal configuration of trial outcomes is uncertain.AimsTo inform more efficient future trial designs, to characterise clinical, endoscopic and histologic placebo responses in eosinophilic oesophagitis randomised controlled trials (RCTs).MethodsWe updated a Cochrane systematic review and meta‐analysis, searching multiple databases to January 1, 2024, to identify placebo‐controlled RCTs evaluating medical therapies for patients with eosinophilic oesophagitis. The primary outcome was the pooled proportion of study‐defined clinical, endoscopic and histologic responders and remitters randomised to placebo, using an intention‐to‐treat approach and random‐effects model. Sources of heterogeneity were explored using meta‐regression.ResultsWe included 25 RCTs. The pooled proportion of clinical response was 41.0% [95% CI: 29.7%–52.8%] with substantial heterogeneity (I2 = 74.9%). On meta‐regression, older age and a higher probability of being randomised to placebo reduced the likelihood of clinical response to placebo. The pooled proportion of histologic remission defined as a peak eosinophil count [PEC] ≤ 6 eosinophils per high power field [HPF] or ≤ 1 eosinophil/HPF was 4.3% [95% CI: 2.6%–6.2%] (I2 = 23.6%) and 1.3% [95% CI: 0.5%–2.5%] (I2 = 0%), respectively. The standardised mean difference in the Eosinophilic Oesophagitis Endoscopic Reference Score to placebo was −0.25 [95% CI: −0.41, −0.10].ConclusionsOver 40% of patients in eosinophilic oesophagitis trials respond clinically to placebo, and this is associated with trial design factors such as randomisation ratio and trial population. Objective endoscopic and histologic measures are associated with very low placebo responses.
Testosterone mediates life‐history trade‐offs in female mammals
Authors: Crespi Bernard J. , Bushell Aiden , Dinsdale Natalie 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTHormones mediate life‐history trade‐offs. In female mammals, such trade‐offs have been studied predominantly in the contexts of oestrogen, progesterone and prolactin. We evaluate the hypothesis that prenatal and postnatal testosterone levels structure and regulate trade‐offs in females involving components of reproduction and survival. This hypothesis is predicated on the observation that testosterone confers competition‐related and survival‐related benefits, but also reproduction‐related costs, to female mammals. The hypothesis is supported by field and laboratory data from diverse non‐human animals, and data from healthy women. Most broadly, relatively low testosterone level in females has been associated with earlier, faster and higher offspring production, greater attractiveness to males, and reduced dominance or competitiveness, whereas higher testosterone level is associated with delayed and reduced reproduction but increased dominance, status, aggression, and resource accrual. The magnitude of testosterone‐mediated trade‐offs is expected to depend upon the strength of female–female competition, which represents some function of species‐specific ecology, behaviour and mating system. Testosterone‐associated trade‐offs have, until now, been virtually ignored in studies of female life history, reproductive physiology, evolutionary endocrinology, and female‐limited disease, probably due to researcher biases towards conceptualizing androgens as hormones with effects mainly restricted to males.
Conditional Font Generation With Content Pre‐Train and Style Filter
Authors: Hong Yang , Li Yinfei , Qiao Xiaojun , Zhang Junsong 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAutomatic font generation aims to streamline the design process by creating new fonts with minimal style references. This technology significantly reduces the manual labour and costs associated with traditional font design. Image‐to‐image translation has been the dominant approach, transforming font images from a source style to a target style using a few reference images. However, this framework struggles to fully decouple content from style, particularly when dealing with significant style shifts. Despite these limitations, image‐to‐image translation remains prevalent due to two main challenges faced by conditional generative models: (1) inability to handle unseen characters and (2) difficulty in providing precise content representations equivalent to the source font. Our approach tackles these issues by leveraging recent advancements in Chinese character representation research to pre‐train a robust content representation model. This model not only handles unseen characters but also generalizes to non‐existent ones, a capability absent in traditional image‐to‐image translation. We further propose a Transformer‐based Style Filter that not only accurately captures stylistic features from reference images but also handles any combination of them, fostering greater convenience for practical automated font generation applications. Additionally, we incorporate content loss with commonly used pixel‐ and perceptual‐level losses to refine the generated results from a comprehensive perspective. Extensive experiments validate the effectiveness of our method, particularly its ability to handle unseen characters, demonstrating significant performance gains over existing state‐of‐the‐art methods.
Simplified and reproducible laparoscopic complete mesocolic excision with D3 right hemicolectomy
Authors: Shah Sumit 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAimLaparoscopic complete mesocolic excision (CME) with D3 lymphadenectomy for right colon cancer is gaining acceptance. However, this procedure has not yet been standardized like total mesorectal excision. Ergonomics is very important in this surgery (e.g. patient positioning, port placement) and identification of vascular anatomy is a critical step. The aim of this work is to present ten procedural steps that are simple and reproducible.MethodThe French position is adopted. The surgeon stands between the patient's legs. Four ports are placed: a camera port 2.5 cm to the left of the umbilicus; two working ports—a 12 mm right‐hand port 5–7 cm below the umbilicus in the midline and a 5 mm left‐hand port 2.5 cm medial and at the level of anterior superior iliac spine—and an assistant port at the level of the umbilicus at the pararectal line. This is most comfortable position in the ‘caudal to cranial approach’ for CME dissection. The right‐hand instrument always dissects parallel to the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) axis so there is less chance of injury to major vascular structures. When clipping the ileocolic, right colic and gastrocolic trunk (GCT) branches, the instrument is always perpendicular to these structures, giving ease of clipping and division. An intentional attempt is made to dissect all tributaries of the GCT. This avoids inadvertent injury and bleeding. Identifying the SMA/superior mesenteric vein (SMV) axis and ileocolic pedicle is the most crucial step. We use surface landmarks for this—the ligamentum teres and SMA/SMV are both midline structures. Giving traction on the transverse mesocolon just below the ligamentum makes the pulsatile SMA visible irrespective of the patient's body mass index. Giving traction at the ileocaecal junction mesentery makes the ileocolic pedicle prominent. These two landmarks for identification of the vascular anatomy make this technique unique and reproducible. CME dissection is done caudal to cranial and lateral to medial. Supracolic and lateral mobilization of the colon is simple. While starting dissection in the right paracolic gutter the already dissected CME plane make this step easier. Anastomosis can be made intracorporeal or extracorporeal.ConclusionErgonomics and landmarks for identification of the vascular anatomy make this technique simple and reproducible.
Utility of fat‐free adipose tissue correction formula for tracking body composition changes with dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry
Authors: Moore Sam R. , Baker Paul A. , Smith‐Ryan Abbie E. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIntroductionFat loss is often the target of weight loss interventions; however, preservation of lean soft tissue (LST) may be more important for health and weight maintenance. Though some LST loss may be inevitable when tracking body composition changes using dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry (DXA), correcting for the fat‐free component of adipose tissue (FFAT) in DXA‐derived LST (DXALST) has been proposed. This analysis sought to evaluate differences between DXALST and FFAT‐corrected LST (FFATLST) amongst varied populations and interventions to understand application of the correction formula on LST outcomes.Methods226 subjects were analyzed across five prior studies. Three studies evaluated combined nutrition and exercise (high‐intensity interval training [HIIT] or high‐intensity resistance training [HIRT]) interventions, including HIIT + HIRT with pre‐ and post‐nutrient timing (HIITRT), HIIT + essential amino acids (HIITAA), and HIRT + protein (HIRTPRO). Remaining studies evaluated HIIT (HIITOW) and protein following bariatric surgery (BARPRO). Pre and post total body DXA scans were used to measure DXALST, body mass, and fat mass (FM). The correction formula was applied to calculate FFATLST. Paired sample t‐tests were used to evaluate differences between DXALST and FFATLST change scores (Δ) across all subjects, within each study and intervention.ResultsSignificant differences between ΔDXALST and ΔFFATLST were observed for BARPRO (mean difference [MD; ΔDXALST–ΔFFATLST] ± standard error [SE]: −3.5 ± 1.2 kg, p < 0.001), as well as HIRTPRO (−0.1 ± 0.2 kg, p = 0.004).DiscussionWhen evaluating LST, the FFAT correction may be specifically applicable to cases of significant weight loss (>10% of original weight) or body recomposition (≥2% FM loss and ≥2% LST gain).