bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Estratégias de ensino ético-moral na formação de estudantes de Enfermagem: revisão integrativa
Authors: Barrientos Mireya Inés Triviños , Schneider Dulcinéia Ghizoni , Mazera Maiara Suelen , Sandoval Sylvia Jacqueline Álvarez , Bustos Elide Mariela Alarcón 
Published: November 2024

Objetivo: sintetizar evidências científicas sobre estratégias de ensino ético-moral na formação de estudantes de enfermagem. Métodos: revisão integrativa com investigação e seleção de estudos primários, em seis bases de dados de destaque na área da saúde: Web of Science, MEDLINE/PubMed, CINAHL/EBSCO, LILACS, BDENF, SciELO, de 2018 a 2023. Resultados: a amostra foi composta por 18 estudos selecionados de um universo de 784 artigos. A integração dos estudos de formação ética em estudantes de enfermagem gerou duas categorias, associando o fortalecimento de conhecimentos, habilidades e atitudes dos estudantes em formação e estratégias educacionais ético-morais. Conclusão: na formação em enfermagem é necessário incentivar o desenvolvimento de habilidades e atitudes morais, como sensibilidade moral, empatia, resiliência moral, raciocínio moral, tomada de decisões éticas e agregação de valores profissionais. Contribuições para a prática: este estudo contribui com estratégias de ensino ético-morais para o desenvolvimento de competências ético-morais na enfermagem e para a consolidação de conhecimentos e competências para uma atuação ética, humanística, socialmente comprometida, envolvida com a justiça social e a defesa da vida.
Postoperative Pneumonia Risk in Children With Neurologic and Neuromuscular Disorders
Authors: Strzalkowski Alexander J. , Melvin Patrice , Mauskar Sangeeta , Stringfellow Isabel , Berry Jay G. 
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
Children with neurologic and neuromuscular complex chronic conditions (NNCCCs) undergo various procedures to optimize their health. We assessed the prevalence, characteristics, and risk of postoperative pneumonia (PoP) across surgery types, hospitals, and comorbidities in children with NNCCC.

METHODS
This study is a retrospective analysis of 63 732 inpatient surgical encounters (2016–2020) in 45 freestanding children’s hospitals for patients of any age with NNCCCs in the Pediatric Health Information System database. NNCCCs were distinguished with International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision, Clinical Modification diagnosis codes using Feudtner’s system. PoP within 7 days of surgery was identified with International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision, Clinical Modification codes with antibiotic exposure (coded documentation of antibiotics being given). PoP likelihood was assessed by type of procedure across hospitals and by clinical characteristics using Rao–Scott χ2 tests and estimating equations.

RESULTS
The prevalence of 7-day PoP was 1.1% (n = 688), with significant variation (P &lt; .001) across hospitals (range: 0.4% to 3.0%). The highest PoP rates were found for bone marrow transplant (12.5%), solid organ transplantation (8.1%), and cardiothoracic surgery (4.5%); the lowest PoP rates included craniofacial/plastic (0.8%) and neurology (0.3%). Patients with ≥4 coexisting chronic conditions had the highest likelihood of acquiring PoP (odds ratio 10.69 [95% confidence interval 6.62–17.25]).

CONCLUSIONS
PoP in children with NNCCCs varied significantly across hospitals and types of surgery. Further investigation is needed to assess how to ameliorate the risk of PoP in children with NNCCCs, especially those with multimorbidity.
Seismic Activity Reveals the Coexistence of Multiple Mechanisms of Fault Reactivation Induced by Hydraulic Fracturing in the Gonghe EGS Project in Qinghai, China
Authors: Yin Xinxin , Jiang Changsheng , Zhai Hongyu , Yin Fengling , Zheng Yu , Zhang Yan , Jiang Cong , Li Jingwei 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The application of hydraulic fracturing technology in deep geothermal development can activate pre-existing faults and induce significant earthquakes, impacting disaster management and project commercialization. The mechanisms of fault reactivation are complex and include pore pressure diffusion, poroelastic stress effects, aseismic slip, and shear stress transfer. Thorough theoretical research and case study accumulation are critical. This article investigates the fault reactivation mechanisms associated with fluid injection in the first enhanced geothermal system project in Gonghe, Qinghai, China. Using high-precision microseismic location data and hydraulic fracturing construction data, we successfully identified seven seismic clusters. These clusters exhibit typical characteristics of fault reactivation, such as spatial arrangement along specific structures, temporal clustering, occurrence of larger magnitude events, consistency between the earthquake rupture surface and the fitted fault plane, and a b-value less than 1.0 in the magnitude–frequency distribution. Further using repeated earthquake identification technology, we confirmed that these clusters correspond to five independent faults. The fault activation mechanism inferred through spatiotemporal seismic migration analysis indicates that in the early stage of hydraulic fracturing, two faults are activated, which may be related to the poroelastic stress effect. Such a phenomenon is rarely reported in previous cases. Another two faults showed typical hydraulic diffusion characteristics, indicating activation by pore pressure diffusion. One fault’s reactivation may result from the combined effects of pore pressure diffusion and aseismic slip. We hypothesize that the differing mechanisms and sequences of fault reactivation reflect significant variations in the critical stress states of faults at the same site. The study also revealed two faults undergoing repeated reactivation, emphasizing that fault properties mainly control reactivation modes and behaviors. Our findings provide a scientific basis for designing risk mitigation measures for induced seismicity.
Can the high-precision ultrasound—Sonographic system be a predictable diagnostic tool for diagnosing parkinson`s cross-sectional area (CSA) of vagal nerve
Authors: Raju V Rama , Devi G Naga Rama 
Published: November 2024

Gut-brain-axis(GBA) is critical in Parkinson disease(PD) progression for which cross-sectional area(CSA) of vagus-nerve/or vagal-nerve (VN, i.e., cranial-nerve X) can be used in the diagnosis of PD. GBA is a bidirectional interaction amid central plus enteric-nervous-system(ENS), connecting sensitive/emotional and cognitive centers of brain via peripheral intestinal functions. GBA interacts with enteric microbiota, central plus enteric nervous systems. We hypothesize that the CSA of VN is reduced in PD patients when linked to healthy population group (control participants). : The CSA of the VN is measured bidirectionally in &#62;30 Parkinson subjects,&#62;50 healthy controls at the level of common carotid-artery applying higher-dynamic-range ultrasound system (better pixel-resolutions) for high-precision ultrasonography (ultrasonography), confidence of real-time imaging also instant insights with ultrasound solutions.: Mean CSA of left VN in PD and control cohort was 2.10, 1.90, in right 2.54,2.24mm yet no variation within CSA of VN in Parkinson`s when compared to health-population(p≤0.079). The mean CSA of right VN was significantly &#62;left (p&#60; 0.001). Variables like age, sex and autonomic symptoms were no significant predictors of CSA of VN. : The CSA of VN with ultrasonograph system is inconsistent/ or unpredictable diagnostic tool in PD diagnosis.
Defining the Cost of Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair
Authors: Fedorka Catherine J. , Beck da Silva Etges Ana Paula , Best Matthew J. , Liu Harry H. , Zhang Xiaoran , Sanders Brett , Abboud Joseph A. , Fares Mohamad Y. , Kirsch Jacob M. , Simon Jason E. , Woodmass Jarret , Jones Porter , Haas Derek A. , Armstrong April D. , Srikumaran Uma , Wagner Eric R. , Gottschalk Michael B. , Khan Adam Z. , Costouros John G. , Warner Jon J.P. , O’Donnell Evan A. ,   the Avant-Garde Health and Codman Shoulder Society Value-Based Care Group
Published: November 2024

Background:
Rotator cuff repair (RCR) is a frequently performed outpatient orthopaedic surgery, with substantial financial implications for health-care systems. Time-driven activity-based costing (TDABC) is a method for nuanced cost analysis and is a valuable tool for strategic health-care decision-making. The aim of this study was to apply the TDABC methodology to RCR procedures to identify specific avenues to optimize cost-efficiency within the health-care system in 2 critical areas: (1) the reduction of variability in the episode duration, and (2) the standardization of suture anchor acquisition costs.

Methods:
Using a multicenter, retrospective design, this study incorporates data from all patients who underwent an RCR surgical procedure at 1 of 4 academic tertiary health systems across the United States. Data were extracted from Avant-Garde Health’s Care Measurement platform and were analyzed utilizing TDABC methodology. Cost analysis was performed using 2 primary metrics: the opportunity costs arising from a possible reduction in episode duration variability, and the potential monetary savings achievable through the standardization of suture anchor costs.

Results:
In this study, 921 RCR cases performed at 4 institutions had a mean episode duration cost of $4,094 ± $1,850. There was a significant threefold cost variability between the 10th percentile ($2,282) and the 90th percentile ($6,833) (p < 0.01). The mean episode duration was registered at 7.1 hours. The largest variability in the episode duration was time spent in the post-acute care unit and the ward after the surgical procedure. By reducing the episode duration variability, it was estimated that up to 640 care-hours could be saved annually at a single hospital. Likewise, standardizing suture anchor acquisition costs could generate direct savings totaling $217,440 across the hospitals.

Conclusions:
This multicenter study offers valuable insights into RCR cost as a function of care pathways and suture anchor cost. It outlines avenues for achieving cost-savings and operational efficiency. These findings can serve as a foundational basis for developing health-economics models.

Level of Evidence:
Economic and Decision Analysis Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Collagenase Clostridium histolyticum Versus Needle Fasciotomy for Primary Metacarpophalangeal Dupuytren Contracture
Authors: Hauksson Ingi Thor , Havdal Morten Beier , Benth Jūratė Šaltytė , Hoelsbrekken Sigurd E. , Randsborg Per-Henrik 
Published: November 2024

Background:
Collagenase Clostridium histolyticum (CCH) and percutaneous needle fasciotomy (PNF) are 2 treatment options for Dupuytren disease. The purpose of this study was to compare these 2 methods in terms of clinical and patient-reported outcomes.

Methods:
Eighty patients (median age, 72 years; 83% male) with a single-digit primary metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joint contracture of ≥30° were randomized to either CCH or PNF and followed for 5 years. The primary outcome was the difference in flexion-contracture reduction at the MCP joint from baseline to 2 years, with additional analysis examining the effect of the primary endpoint variable up to 5 years. Secondary outcomes included complications, grip strength, scores on the visual analogue scale (VAS) for pain, the shortened version of the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand, the brief Michigan Hand Questionnaire, Unité Rhumatologique des Affections de la Main, and a VAS for treatment satisfaction as well as recurrence and retreatments.

Results:
The mean MCP joint contracture was 48° at baseline and 2° at 5 years in the CCH group, and 50° at baseline and 7° at 5 years in the PNF group. The reduction in MCP contracture at 2 years was larger in the CCH group than in the PNF group, with a mean difference between the groups of 12° (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.5° to 22.3°; p = 0.026). At 5 years, this mean difference was reduced to 6° (−1.5° to 12.8°; p = 0.1). There was no difference between the groups in any patient-reported outcome scores or grip strength beyond 4 weeks, with the exception of the brief Michigan Hand Questionnaire at 5 years. Ten (25%) of the patients in the PNF group compared with no patient in the CCH group had recurrence (contracture of ≥30°) at the MCP joint at 2 years. At 5 years, 17 (42.5%) of 40 patients in the PNF group had been retreated compared with 4 (10%) of 40 in the CCH group (p < 0.001). The CCH group experienced more transient complications (stiffness and hematoma) during the first week and were more satisfied (VAS satisfaction) from 1 year to the 5-year follow-up.

Conclusions:
The main finding of this study is that CCH and PNF were equally effective in reducing MCP flexion contracture, but the correction of contracture lasted longer in the CCH group.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level I. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Designing of fruit waste-derived activated carbon through CO2-consuming and microwave- assisted preparation to enhance and understand its adsorption performance towards metal, metalloid and polymer species
Authors: Kukowska Sylwia , Nowicki Piotr , Szewczuk-Karpisz Katarzyna 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

The main aim of the study was to develop fruit waste-derived activated carbon of high adsorption performance towards metals, metalloids, and polymers by the use of CO2-consuming, microwave-assisted method. The authors investigate textural, surface chemistry, and elemental parameters of precursors (chokeberry seeds, black currant seeds, orange peels), biochars (BCs) and activated carbons (ACs) obtained from them. Furthermore, the adsorption mechanisms of metalloids (arsenic, selenium), metals (copper, cadmium) and macromolecular compounds (bacterial exopolysaccharide, ionic polyacrylamides) were studied in one- and two-component systems. ACs prepared via direct and indirect activation as well as through conventional and microwave heating were compared. Microwave heating favoured surface development and, consequently, enhance ability to bind ions or macromolecules. Direct biomass activation led to higher microporosity compared to indirect, two-stage one, whilst CO2-consuming activation increased aromaticity and hydrophobicity of the solids. In the selected systems, polymers favoured metal/metalloid adsorption limiting their bioavailability.
Real-World Outcomes and Predictors of Failure of Gonioscopy- Assisted Transluminal Trabeculotomy in a Large Glaucoma Cohort: A Multicenter Study
Authors: I Eduardo Akio Pereira , Franco Claudia Gomide Vilela de Sousa , Pereira Ana Claudia Alves , Teno Bruno , Neto Francisco Lucena , de Faria Bruno Mendes , Vieira Julia Maggi , Vianello Marcos Pereira , Kanadani Fabio Nishimura , Magacho Leopoldo 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

This retrospective, comparative, multicenter study aimed to evaluate the real-world outcomes and predictors of failure of Gonioscopy-assisted transluminal trabeculotomy (GATT) at 12 months in glaucoma patients. Predictors of failure of absolute success in bilateral cases (422 eyes of 308 patients) included pre-operative intraocular pressure (IOP; IRR = 1.02; p = 0.01), and pre-operative mean deviation (MD; IRR = 0.98; p = 0.007). The significant predictors of failure of relative success included binocularity (IRR = 4.05; p = 0.001) and pre-operative IOP (IRR = 1.04; p = 0.022). Only one eye per patient (308 eyes) was included in the second analysis. IOP reduced from 21.84 ± 7.96 mmHg to 11.97 ± 2.89 mmHg at 12 months; the number of hypotensive eye drop medications decreased from 3.07 ± 1.04 to 1.06 ± 1.08 (p <0.001 for both). The pre-operative IOP was a predictive factor for failure of absolute (IRR = 1.02; p = 0.026) and relative successes (IRR = 1.05; p = 0.014). The number of hypotensive medications only affected absolute success (IRR = 1.25; p = 0.004). The Kaplan–Meier graph revealed relative and absolute success in 88.9% and 43.9% of cases, respectively. No serious complications were observed in the study.
Primary adenocarcinoma of the lesser omentum: A Case Report
Authors: Xu Xing , Zhang Xue , Zhang Xiaoyang , Tuo Hongfang 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background:
Adenocarcinoma of the lesser omentum is a rare malignant tumor that develops between the hilar region of the liver, the lesser curvature of the stomach, and the upper area of the duodenum. Because of its rarity, unusual origin, and possibly diverse symptoms, this malignancy presents substantial diagnostic and therapeutic problems. Because signs of lesser omentum adenocarcinoma are infrequent and sometimes identified late in the disease's course, early identification and treatment are crucial for improving patient outcomes.
Case Summary:
We describe a 64-year-old woman with a physical examination who discovered a lesser omentum tumor with no early clinical symptoms. We used three-dimensional reconstruction to understand the complex anatomical relationships and extent of this rare malignant tumor, allowing us to accurately observe its size, location, and relationship with surrounding structures and develop a detailed surgical plan for the patient, which was successfully performed. We have followed up for 1 year so far and revealed no evidence of recurrence.
Conclusion:
Adenocarcinoma of the lesser omentum is extremely rare in clinics, and preoperative 3D reconstruction can visualize the lesion's blood supply. This allows the operator to design a reasonable surgical method before surgery, reducing operation time and maximizing patient benefit.
Elucidating the role of gut microbiota metabolites in Diabetes by employing network pharmacology
Authors: Yao Weiguo , Huo Jinlin , Ji Jing , liu Kun , Tao Pengyu 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Extensive research has underscored the criticality of preserving diversity and equilibrium within the gut microbiota for optimal human health. However, the precise mechanisms by which the metabolites and targets of the gut microbiota exert their effects remain largely unexplored. This study utilizes a network pharmacology methodology to elucidate the intricate interplay between the microbiota, metabolites, and targets in the context of DM, thereby facilitating a more comprehensive comprehension of this multifaceted disease.
Methods
In this study, we initially extracted metabolite information of gut microbiota metabolites from the gutMGene database. Subsequently, we employed the SEA and STP database to discern targets that are intricately associated with these metabolites. Furthermore, we leveraged prominent databases such as Genecard, DisGeNET, and OMIM to identify targets related to diabetes. Protein-Protein interaction (PPI) network was established to screen core targets. Additionally, we conducted comprehensive GO and KEGG enrichment analyses utilizing the DAVID database. Moreover, a network illustrating the relationship among microbiota-substrate-metabolite-target was established.
Results
We identified a total of 48 overlapping targets between gut microbiota metabolites and diabetes. Subsequently, we selected IL6, AKT1, and PPARG as core targets for the treatment of diabetes. Through the construction of the MSMT comprehensive network, we discovered that these three core targets exert therapeutic effects on diabetes through interactions with 8 metabolites, 3 substrates, and 5 gut microbiota. Additionally, GO analysis revealed that gut microbiota metabolites primarily regulate oxidative stress, inflammation and cell proliferation. KEGG analysis results indicated that IL-17, PI3K/AKT, HIF-1, and VEGF are the main signaling pathways involved.
Conclusion
Gut microbiota metabolites primarily exert their therapeutic effects on diabetes through the IL6, AKT1, and PPARG targets. The mechanisms of gut microbiota metabolites regulating DM might involve signaling pathways such as IL-17 pathways, HIF-1 pathways and VEGF pathways.
Geotechnical Characteristics of Lime and Groundnut Shell Ash (GSA) Stabilised Soils for Road Building in Southwestern, Nigeria
Authors: Faluyi Sunday Olubunmi , Amu Olugbenga Oludolapo , Olofintuyi Ilesanmi Olanrewaju 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

The current and future condition of each layer of road depends primarily on the soil beneath its foundation. The condition of the roads in south-west Nigeria is deplorable; Most of these are impassable owing to pavement failure, necessitating analysis of the fitness of the underlying soil layers when stabilized with a peanut shell ash (GSA) mixture. Eighteen selected drill pit soil samples (one from each Senatorial district in south-western Nigeria) were utilized in this investigation while strength tests(California Bearing Ratio CBR, Unconfined Compressive Strength (UCS), Compaction and Triaxial) were also done to 6% lime and attempts to 100% GSA mixed soil samples in the laboratory using standard procedures. Chemical analysis was also carriedout on the local additives. The results of the study revealed that the GSA additive possessed a high SiO2 content, in addition all strength related attributes such as (CBR, maximum dry density (MDD), UCS, shear strength (τ), cohesion (c) and angle of internal friction (𝜙) increased with increasing GSA levels increase except optimum moisture content (OMC) which decreases. Virtually all unuseful soil samples were found useful for as paving course materials after stabilization. The mix of 6% optimum lime and 6% GSA grade is highly suggested for soil amendment, peculiarly for road building in southwest Nigeria.
A Rare Case of Intrathoracic Gauzoma
Authors: Adachi Taishi , Kayawake Hidenao , Hamakawa Hiroshi , Takahashi Yutaka 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Gauzoma is a foreign body reactive granuloma which is an extremely rare complication of thoracic surgery. We describe a case of a Gauzoma in which the gauzes were removed by video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery as a less invasive procedure, discovered incidentally after 35 years of follow-up.
Case presentation:
A 51-year-old man was referred to our department for hyperhidrosis treatment, and imaging studies and biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of Gauzoma. As the Gauzoma gradually grew for a few years, surgical intervention was judged necessary, and the removal of the gauzes was performed in this case. A two-stage operation in two days was required to complete the surgery. The completion of gauze removal was confirmed in the second surgery using a postoperative computed tomography (CT) scan. The patient is currently doing well 17 months after surgery, and the size of granuloma unchanged.
Conclusion
We performed the removal of the gauzes as the treatment for Gauzoma. Although removing the gauze may have prevented its growth so far, careful follow-up is still needed.