bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Melanin‐concentrating hormone peptidergic system: Comparative morphology between muroid species
Authors: Diniz Giovanne B. , Battagello Daniella S. , Cherubini Pedro M. , Reyes‐Mendoza Julio D. , Luna‐Illades Cesar , Klein Marianne O. , Motta‐Teixeira Lívia C. , Sita Luciane V. , Miranda‐Anaya Manuel , Morales Teresa , Bittencourt Jackson C. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractMelanin‐concentrating hormone (MCH) is a conserved neuropeptide, predominantly located in the diencephalon of vertebrates, and associated with a wide range of functions. While functional studies have focused on the use of the traditional mouse laboratory model, critical gaps exist in our understanding of the morphology of the MCH system in this species. Even less is known about the nontraditional animal model Neotomodon alstoni (Mexican volcano mouse). A comparative morphological study among these rodents may, therefore, contribute to a better understanding of the evolution of the MCH peptidergic system. To this end, we employed diverse immunohistochemical protocols to identify key aspects of the MCH system, including its spatial relationship to another neurochemical population of the tuberal hypothalamus, the orexins. Three‐dimensional (3D) reconstructions were also employed to convey a better sense of spatial distribution to these neurons. Our results show that the distribution of MCH neurons in all rodents studied follows a basic plan, but individual characteristics are found for each species, such as the preeminence of a periventricular group only in the rat, the lack of posterior groups in the mouse, and the extensive presence of MCH neurons in the anterior hypothalamic area of Neotomodon. Taken together, these data suggest a strong anatomical substrate for previously described functions of the MCH system, and that particular neurochemical and morphological features may have been determinant to species‐specific phenotypes in rodent evolution.
Phthalimide‐Based Transparent Electron‐Transport Materials with Oriented‐Amorphous Structures: Preparation from Solution‐Processed Precursor Films
Authors: Nakamura Tomoya , Shioya Nobutaka , Hasegawa Takeshi , Murata Yasujiro , Murdey Richard , Wakamiya Atsushi 
Published: June 2019

AbstractA star‐shaped molecule featuring three phthalimide units attached to a triazine core was designed as an electron‐transport material. Solution processing was achieved by preparing a precursor molecule bearing tert‐butoxycarbonyl (Boc) substituents, which are afterwards removed by annealing. The annealed film is transparent to visible light, with an absorption edge of 339 nm. Two‐dimensional grazing incidence X‐ray diffraction (2D‐GIXD) and p‐polarized multiple‐angle incidence resolution spectrometry (pMAIRS) measurements showed that the molecular orientation changed from random to face‐on during the cleaving of Boc groups while keeping the overall crystallinity low. This “oriented‐amorphous” structure is desirable for transport layers in devices such as organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) and solar cells.
Multicountry analysis of pregnancy termination and intimate partner violence in Latin America using Demographic and Health Survey data
Authors: Khan Sara F. , Dongarwar Deepa , Aliyu Muktar H. , Salihu Hamisu M. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the association between intimate partner violence (IPV) and pregnancy termination in Latin America.MethodsDemographic and Health Survey (DHS) data were analyzed for Honduras, the Dominican Republic, Colombia, Peru, and Guatemala. Women were asked about their experiences with violence by partners and pregnancy termination. The association between IPV and risk for termination was assessed using adjusted odds ratios (OR) with correction for intracluster correlations.ResultsThe average prevalence of IPV across the five countries was 31.8%. Women who reported IPV had 1.4 times the odds of experiencing pregnancy termination OR 1.41 (95% CI, 1.32–1.50). A positive dose–response relationship was observed between IPV and termination; a woman who reported three types of IPV showed three times the odds of experiencing pregnancy termination compared with a woman who did not report IPV. Elimination of exposure to IPV in all five countries was associated with 167 743 fewer pregnancy terminations.ConclusionIPV is a risk factor for pregnancy termination. Reduction or elimination of IPV is associated with substantial decline in pregnancy terminations in Latin America. Routine prenatal screening for IPV and counseling could potentially avert a substantial number of pregnancy terminations in these settings.
A prospective study of severity of complications associated with use of misoprostol and other abortion methods in South West Nigeria
Authors: Irinyenikan Theresa A. , Loto Olabisi M. , Oluborode Babawale , Awowole Ibraheem , Bello Folasade A. , Fabamwo Adetokunbo O. , Guest Philip , Ganatra Bela , Fawole Bukola 
Published: June 2019

AbstractObjectivesTo assess the severity of complications following misoprostol used to induce abortion compared with other methods among women admitted for postabortion complications.MethodsA cross‐sectional study of women who presented with complications of induced abortion at nine secondary and tertiary hospitals in South West Nigeria between April 1, 2013 and May 31, 2014. Face‐to‐face interviews were conducted and information on the current admission was extracted from patient records. Associations between abortion method used and severity of abortion complications were evaluated using χ2 and Fisher exact tests.ResultsOf 522 women included in the study, 177 reported an induced abortion: 41 women (23.2%) had used misoprostol at the first attempt to induce abortion, whereas 79 (44.6%) women had undergone surgical abortion. Occurrence of fever (P=0.06), bleeding (P=0.3), and lower abdominal pain (P=0.32) was not significantly different between the misoprostol and surgical abortion/other methods groups. Severe complications were rare with misoprostol, but more common among women in the surgical abortion/other methods group. Maternal mortality occurred only among women in the surgical abortion/other methods group.ConclusionUse of misoprostol for induced abortion was associated with fewer complications and no maternal mortality compared with surgical abortion/other methods.
Short‐term impact of Altmetric Attention Scores on citation counts in selected major pharmacy journals
Authors: Dixon Dave L. , Baker William L. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractIntroductionThe impact and quality of a faculty member's publications is a key factor in promotion and tenure decisions. The Altmetric Attention Score (AAS) is an objective score frequently used to determine the reach of a published work across the World Wide Web and social media. The utility of the AAS in pharmacy practice journals is not well understood.ObjectiveTo determine the short‐term impact of a higher AAS on citation count for articles published in major pharmacy journals.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study evaluated articles from pharmacy journals ranked in the top 10% according to the AAS in the year 2017. Individual sources of attention that determined the AAS were also evaluated. Correlation between the AAS and the number of citations (through November 2018) was assessed using the Spearman's correlation (rs) test. A Kruskal‐Wallis one‐way analysis of variance was used to compare the AAS between journals.ResultsSix major pharmacy journals were identified. A total of 1376 articles were published in 2017, and 137 of these represented the top 10% with the highest AAS. The median AAS was 19 (interquartile range 15‐28). Twitter.com and Mendeley.com were the most common sources of attention. Over half (56.2%) of the articles were original investigations and 49.8% were either cross‐sectional, qualitative, or cohort studies. No significant correlation was found between the AAS and citation count (rs = 0.07, P = .485). Mendeley was the only attention source that correlated with the number of citations (rs = 0.486, P < .001). The median AAS varied widely between each journal (P < .001).ConclusionsThe median AAS of 19 suggests articles published in selected major pharmacy journals are near the top 5% of all scientific output. However, we found no short‐term correlation between the AAS and the number of citations for articles published in major pharmacy journals in the year 2017.
Dual delivery of encapsulated BM‐MSCs and BMP‐2 improves osteogenic differentiation and new bone formation
Authors: Kong Ying , Zhao Yuan , Li Dong , Shen Hongwei , Yan Mingming 
Published: June 2019

AbstractStem cell‐based therapies provide a promising approach for bone repair. In the present work, we developed a novel 3D vehicle system for dual‐delivery of encapsulated bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM‐MSCs) and bone morphogenetic protein‐2 (BMP‐2) for treatment of large bone defects. The vehicle system consists of sodium alginate microcapsules and polylactic acid (PLLA) microspheres. BM‐MSCs are encapsulated in the microcapsules, and BMP‐2 proteins are encapsulated in the PLLA microspheres. This vehicle system acted as a multicore structure for sustained release of BMP‐2, which enabled pulsed dosing induction of osteogenic differentiation of the co‐embedded BM‐MSCs. in vitro experiments showed that the loaded BMP‐2 was constitutively released up to 30 days. Bioactivity of the incorporated BMP‐2 in the microspheres was preserved and osteogenic differentiation of the BM‐MSCs in the microcapsules was improved. In vivo, osteogenesis studies demonstrated that satisfactory degree of repair of a rat calvarial defect was achieved with the delivery of either encapsulated BM‐MSCs alone or encapsulated BMP‐2 alone. Transplantation of encapsulated both BM‐MSCs and BMP‐2 exhibited the greatest repair potential following 4‐ or 8‐weeks treatment. In conclusion, microencapsulation of BM‐MSCs and BMP‐2 promoted the maturity of newly generated bone and improved new bone formation. Transplantation of BM‐MSCs and BMP‐2 in our novel 3‐D vehicle system is a promising strategy for regenerative therapies of large bone defects.
HAp@GO drug delivery vehicle with dual‐stimuli‐triggered drug release property and efficient synergistic therapy function against cancer
Authors: Sang Rui , Chen Min , Yang Yuanyi , Li Yunfei , Shi Jiacheng , Deng Yi , Chen Xianchun , Yang Weizhong 
Published: June 2019

AbstractNanoscale hydroxyapatite (HAp) is an optimal candidate material in biomedical area for its good biocompatibility and bioactivity. In this study, HAp nanorods are prepared via hydrothermal method and combined with monolayered graphene oxide (GO). The obtained HAp@GO with excellent biocompatibility is revealed to have high drug loading capacity (698.7 μg/mg) for anticancer drug doxorubicin (DOX) and efficient photothermal conversion property. And the drug release property of DOX loaded HAp@GO (HAp@GO‐DOX) is demonstrated to be controlled by pH and near‐infrared light, which is favorable for cancer therapy. in vitro studies on cancer therapy demonstrate that the combined treatment, compared with either chemotherapy or photothermal therapy alone, has better synergistic therapeutic effect. These findings prove the great potential application of the nanocomposites for cancer therapy.
MicroRNA‐377 exerts a potent suppressive role in osteosarcoma through the involvement of the histone acetyltransferase 1‐mediated Wnt axis
Authors: Xia Peng , Gu Rui , Zhang Wei , Shao Liwei , Li Fang , Wu Changyan , Sun Yifu 
Published: June 2019

AbstractIt has been demonstrated that microRNAs (miRNAs) may contribute to tumorigenesis and tumor growth in osteosarcoma (OS), which is a primary malignant tumor of bone frequently diagnosed in adolescents and young people. The purpose of our investigation was to evaluate the functional relevance of miR‐377 in OS and to investigate whether the mechanism was related to the histone acetyltransferase 1 (HAT1)‐mediated Wnt signaling pathway. By screening differentially expressed genes in microarray GSE47572, HAT1 was found to be a candidate gene of interest. Besides, the regulatory miRNA (miR‐377) of HAT1 was also selected. The interaction among miR‐377, HAT1, and the Wnt signaling pathway was evaluated. In addition, the miR‐377 expression was altered in OS cells (U‐2OS and SOSP‐9607) to assess the in vitro cell apoptosis and the in vivo tumor growth. OS tissues presented elevated HAT1 expression and decreased miR‐377 expression. A putative miR‐377 binding site in HAT1 3′‐UTR HAT1 was verified. Cells with miR‐377 overexpression or HAT1 silencing were observed to exhibit reduced HAT1 expression and promoted apoptosis, accompanied by blockade of Wnt signaling. Moreover, the in vivo experiment revealed that miR‐377 overexpression or HAT1 silencing inhibited tumor growth and reduced tumor size in nude mice. Taken together, our results conclude that miR‐377 may promote OS cell apoptosis through inactivation of the HAT1‐mediated Wnt signaling pathway, highlighting the potential therapeutic effect of miR‐377 on OS treatment.
Enhanced flux in direct contact membrane distillation using superhydrophobic PVDF nanofibre membranes embedded with organically modified SiO2 nanoparticles
Authors: Nthunya Lebea N , Gutierrez Leonardo , Verliefde Arne R , Mhlanga Sabelo D 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBACKGOUNDMembrane distillation (MD) is a promising low‐cost and efficient desalination process, yet it has not been fully implemented at an industrial scale. Membrane wetting and low porosity are limiting factors leading to low water recovery rates. The current study involved the synthesis of membranes that combined high mechanical stability, porosity and superhydrophobicity, to prevent wetting, with high salt rejection and water flux.RESULTSSilica nanoparticles (SiO2NPs) were synthesized by a novel green chemistry procedure, modified with three different silane reagents [octadecyltrimethoxysilane, N‐octadecyltrichlorosilane (ODTS) and chlorodimethyl‐octadecyl silane] and finally embedded on polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) nanofibre membranes using an in‐situ electrospinning technique. These modified membranes displayed a Young's modulus of ∼43 MPa and showed highly porous properties (∼80% porosity, 1.24–1.41 μm pore sizes) and superhydrophobic surfaces (contact angle >150o); thus possessing parameters falling within the range of highly recommended values in MD. Remarkably, the concentration of modified SiO2NPs used to produce the superhydrophobic PVDF nanofibre membranes was significantly lower (1% w/w) than those reported in the literature (3–4% w/w), clearly indicating the efficiency of these silane reagents.CONCLUSIONMembranes embedded with ODTS‐modified SiO2NPs were the most efficient; rejecting salts at high efficiencies (>99.9%) with water fluxes of ≈34.2 LMH at 60 °C, thus indicating their capacity as an energy‐efficient process to produce high purity water. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Regional collaboration to improve atrial fibrillation care: Preliminary data from the Netherlands heart network
Authors: Cremers Henricus‐Paul , Hoorn Cassandra , Theunissen Luc , van der Voort Pepijn , Polak Peter , de Jong Sylvie , van Veghel Dennis , Dekker Lukas 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackgroundGuideline non‐adherence and variations in therapeutic and diagnostic trajectories result in suboptimal atrial fibrillation (AF) treatments. Large academic and referral hospitals demonstrated positive effects of dedicated outpatient AF clinics. Although similar results have not been indicated in (small) non‐academic hospitals yet, ample opportunities are present when collaboration is initiated on a regional level. Therefore, this study assesses the effectiveness of outpatient AF clinics in a collaborative region in the Netherlands.MethodsFor this study baseline and 6 months follow‐up data of a prospective cohort including newly or recently diagnosed AF‐patients of 4 hospitals involved in the Netherlands Heart Network are used. From January’15 to March’16 patient relevant outcome measures (ie EHRA score, stroke, major bleedings, hospitalizations, serious adverse effects of medication, and mortality) are gathered. Descriptive and regression analyses are performed to assess the effectiveness of outpatient AF clinics.ResultsIn the analyses 448 AF‐patients were included. After 6 months, significant improvements regarding EHRA score (P < 0.01), hypertension (P < 0.01), and type of AF (P < 0.01) were indicated. Results of the patient relevant outcomes showed that AF‐patients were hospitalized 23 times, no major bleedings and 2 strokes occurred. Furthermore, 0 AF‐patients reported serious adverse effects of medication and no AF‐patients deceased.ConclusionsCollaboration between cardiologists in a regional setting permits further improvement of AF care. Therefore, such quality targets are not exclusively reserved to large academic or referral hospitals. Although promising, future research should put effort in measuring the effectiveness of the outpatient AF clinics also on the long run.
A composite score to assess the burden of periodontal diseases and tooth loss
Authors: Lamster Ira B. , Cheng Bin , Liao Ziwei , Shearer Barbara 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackgroundPopulation studies of the prevalence of oral disease rely upon indices that summarize disease status. There is no universally accepted index that summarizes the burden of periodontal diseases, considering the number of teeth remaining in the mouth.MethodsA new conceptual index was developed that includes consideration of the extent and severity of the periodontal diseases, the distribution of affected teeth, and tooth loss as a function of age. The index is referred to as the burden of periodontal diseases and tooth loss (BPT).ResultsA cohort of 1,097 individuals originally seen as new patients in a dental school clinic, and evaluated for undiagnosed dysglycemia, were studied. The BPT index was applied to this data set. A modifying effect of considering the number of lost teeth was observed. The distribution of scores w skewed to the left, which gradually shifted to the right when the most involved teeth (periodontal pathology, tooth loss) were weighted more heavily. This shift was not observed when missing teeth were not considered.ConclusionsThis conceptual study illustrates that the extent and severity of periodontal pathology, and number and distribution of missing teeth, are important considerations when summarizing the condition of the mouth. The BPT provides a measure of the oral disease burden, as both periodontal pathology and tooth loss are associated with both functional impairment and reduced quality of life. The dental profession and dental research community must continually seek to develop new approaches to defining and summarizing the oral disease burden.
The use of of inulin, maltitol and lecithin as fat replacers and plasticizers in a model reduced‐fat mozzarella cheese‐like product
Authors: Li Hongjuan , Yu Hongmei , Liu Yan , Wang Yi , Li Hongbo , Yu Jinghua 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDMono‐, di‐ and oligosaccharides, polyhydric alcohols and lipids are three main types of plasticizers used to process food materials. In the present study, inulin, maltitol and lecithin were selected as representative oligosaccharide, polyhydric alcohol and lipid fat replacers, respectively. Their effects on the physicochemical properties of reduced‐fat mozzarella cheese were evaluated.RESULTSLecithin reduced the hardness and increased the degree of free oil released. Inulin and lecithin decreased the hydrophobic interaction of reduced‐fat cheese. Maltitol improved the elasticity of the reduced‐fat cheese and increased the hydrophobic interaction within the casein matrix. Maltitol‐added cheese had a lower glass transition temperature (Tg) than the other cheeses. Maltitol significantly improved the stretchability of the reduced‐fat cheese.CONCLUSIONThe results obtained in the present study suggest that maltitol is an effective fat replacer in reduced‐fat mozzarella cheese and might enhance the cheese's functional properties. The Tg of cheese was related to the water and fat content, fat replacer addition and cross‐linking degree of casein. The relationship between Tg and the physicochemical properties of cheese will be studied in further research. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Linking bacterial community to aggregate fractions with organic amendments in a sandy soil
Authors: Dai Hongcui , Zang Huadong , Zhao Yingxing , Qian Xin , Liu Kaichang , Wang Dong , Hao Jinyu , Chen Yuanquan , Sui Peng 
Published: June 2019

AbstractSoil aggregates provide microhabitats for microorganisms. However, the bacterial communities within various aggregate size fractions under organic amendments have rarely been evaluated especially in sandy soils. A field experiment involving addition of biogas residue (BR), pig manure (PM), biochar (BC), and straw (ST) of a sandy soil was performed to determine the structure of the bacterial community in aggregate size fractions by using high‐throughput sequencing. We found that organic amendments change soil aggregate fractions and nutrient content, alter bacterial diversity and composition, and contribute to the predicted bacterial functions. The BR increased bacterial α‐diversity in <0.25‐mm aggregates. The Nitrospirae was abundant in almost all aggregate sizes, whereas the abundance of Actinobacteria decreased in most of aggregates following BR addition. The PM amendment primarily facilitated the growth of Bacteroidetes and inhibited the growth of Acidobacteria and Chloroflexi in 0.25‐ to 2‐mm aggregates, whereas bacterial α‐diversity was decreased in the >0.25‐mm aggregates. The BC treatment decreased the bacterial α‐diversity in the <0.25‐mm aggregates and the Gemmatimonadetes abundance in all <2‐mm aggregates, but the Actinobacteria abundance was significantly increased in the >0.053‐mm aggregates. Collectively, the effects of organic amendments on the bacterial community varied greatly depending on type of amendments and aggregate size. The BR supported highly diverse bacterial taxa in the <0.25‐mm aggregates, whereas it proliferated N cycling‐related bacteria in all aggregates. Our results highlight the links between bacterial community and aggregate size fractions in sandy soils depending on organic amendments.