bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the applicability of the aquatic ascomycete Phoma sp. UHH 5‐1‐03 for the removal of pharmaceutically active compounds from municipal wastewaters using membrane bioreactors
Authors: Hofmann Ulrike , Fenu Alessio , Beffa Trello , Beimfohr Claudia , Weemaes Marjoleine , Yu Liang , Schrader Steffi , Moeder Monika , Schlosser Dietmar 
Published: June 2018

AbstractMembrane bioreactors (MBRs) augmented with terrestrial white‐rot basidiomycetes have already been tested for the removal of pharmaceutically active compounds (PhACs) from wastewaters. Within the present study, an aquatic ascomycete (Phoma sp.) was initially demonstrated to efficiently remove several PhACs at their real environmental trace concentrations from nonsterile municipal wastewater on a laboratory scale. Then, a pilot MBR was bioaugmented with Phoma sp. and successively operated in two configurations (first treating full‐scale MBR effluent as a posttreatment, and then treating raw municipal wastewater). Treatment of influent wastewater by the Phoma‐bioaugmented pilot MBR was more efficient than influent treatment by a concomitantly operated full‐scale MBR lacking Phoma sp and posttreatment of full‐scale MBR permeate using the pilot MBR. A stable removal of the PhACs carbamazepine (CBZ) and diclofenac (DF) (39 and 34% on average, respectively) could be achieved throughout the pilot MBR influent treatment period of 51 days, without the need for additional nutrient supplementation (full‐scale MBR: on average, 15% DF but no CBZ removed during 108 days). The long‐term presence of Phoma sp. in the pilot MBR could be demonstrated using fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis, but still open questions regarding its long‐term activity maintenance remain to be answered.
Structure of a disturbed mangrove in the Rio Parnaíba delta, Piauí, northeast Brazil
Authors: Araújo Limaria , Silva Maria Francilene Souza , Gomes Deimes do Nascimento , Sousa Marcelo Batista , Mayo Simon Joseph , de Andrade Ivanilza Moreira 
Published: June 2018

Phytosociological analysis was used to quantify the structure of a disturbed mangrove next to a tidal creek of the Rio Igaraçu, Piauí, northeast Brazil, and comparison was made with a survey made fourteen years earlier. Thirty 10×10 m plots were demarcated in three areas of ten plots each. Height and circumference of trees of circumference at breast height ≥ 15 cm were measured in 285 individuals of Avicennia germinans (L.) L., Laguncularia racemosa (L.) C.F.Gaertn. and Rhizophora mangle L. Height ranged from 1.5−15 m (mean 4.4 m) and diameter from 4.8−28.7 cm (mean 7.2 cm). Avicennia and Laguncularia showed the highest parameter values (importance values 52% and 44%, respectively). Furthest from the creek and subject to less frequent tidal flooding, only Avicennia occurred, shorter (mean height 3.8 m) and fewer (density 130 ind ha−1) than elsewhere. In the central area (density 1240 ind ha−1) Avicennia dominated Laguncularia (importance values 53% vs. 47%). All species occurred nearest the creek (density 1480 ind ha−1, importance values Laguncularia 47%, Avicennia 46%, Rhizophora 7%), and heights and diameters were lower. Changes from a previous study suggest selective logging of larger individuals nearer the creek, especially Rhizophora, favouring regeneration of Laguncularia.
Socioeconomic Benefits of Recreational, Commercial, and Subsistence Fishing Associated with National Forests
Authors: Gillespie Nathaniel , Epstein Jonas , Alexander Susan , Bowker J.M. , Medel Ron , Leonard Mike , Thoms Andrew 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
The socioeconomic benefits of recreational, commercial, and subsistence fishing associated with lands managed by the U.S. Forest Service are substantial and are expected to increase over time. Recreational fishing on national forests and grasslands generate over US$2.2 billion annually through fishing equipment, boats, travel, outfitter and guiding services, fuel, and licenses, which in turn provide critical funding for fisheries habitat management and conservation by federal and state agencies. The sustainable nature of recreational fishing by the public complements the agency's multiple use mandate to conserve fish and aquatic resources, which include a high percentage of the nation's threatened, endangered, and sensitive fish and aquatic species. National forests in the Pacific Northwest and the western USA, particularly Alaska, support significant commercial and subsistence salmon fisheries. A growing restoration economy associated with fisheries habitat and watershed restoration contributes to local economies. Although more difficult to quantify, important social and cultural benefits of fishing are provided to the public nationwide, including connecting the public to the outdoors and to public lands. Managing fisheries habitat and watershed health amid competing demands for water, natural resources, and outdoor recreation will continue to challenge the U.S. Forest Service and its partners into the future.
The combined effects of lactoperoxidase system and whey protein coating on microbial, chemical, textural, and sensory quality of shrimp (Penaeus merguiensis) during cold storage (4 ± 1°C)
Authors: Farshidi Maryam , Yousefi Mohammad , Ehsani Ali 
Published: June 2018

AbstractGrowth and reproduction of gram‐negative bacteria has a pivotal role in spoilage of seafood products. In order to identify the effect of lactoperoxidase system (LPOS), an antimicrobial activity was added to whey protein solution at the levels of 0 (control group), 1.25%, 2.5%, 5%, and 7.5%. Then, the shrimp samples were coated with immersion method and stored in the refrigerator for 16 days. In this period, the microbial tests of psychrotrophic bacteria, mesophilic bacteria, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Pseudomonas spp., and Shewanella putrefaciens, chemical tests of total volatile basic nitrogen, thiobarbituric acid, and pH, and sensory evaluation were carried out on the days of 0, 4, 8, 12, and 16. Adding LPOS in the coating resulted in a decrease in the total specific spoilage organisms and TVB‐N. There was no significant effect for the TBA test. The levels of LPOS showed a positive correlation with the acceptable measurement in the sensory evaluation.
Spectral, optical, and cytotoxicity studies on N‐(2‐isonicotinoylhydrazine‐carbonothioyl)benzamide and its metal complexes
Authors: Hosny Nasser Mohammed , Mahmoud Heba M. , Abdel‐Rhman Mohamed H. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe ligand N‐(2‐isonicotinoylhydrazine‐carbonothioyl)benzamide (H3L) and its metal complexes with Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), and Zn(II) acetates have been synthesized. The synthesized compounds have been characterized by elemental analyses, FT‐IR, UV‐Visible spectra, 1H‐NMR, 13C‐NMR, ESR, MS, effective magnetic moments, molar conductance, and thermal analyses. The free organic ligand exists in the keto form, but in the metal complexes, it forms chelates with the metal ions in the enol form. The measured optical band gap (Eg) values confirmed the presence of direct electronic transition and the semiconductivity of the current compounds. The ligand and its Zn(II) complex were examined as cytotoxic agents against HePG‐2 and HCT‐116 and showed. H3L exhibited strong cytotoxicity, while Zn complex showed moderate activity.
Modelling and experimental investigation of the adsorption breakthrough behaviors of Pd (II) and Cu (II) by ETA microspheres
Authors: Gao Xiangpeng , Zhang Yan , Zhao Yuming 
Published: June 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDEpichlorohydrin/thiourea modified alginate (ETA) microspheres prepared by an emulsion method were used as stationary phase in a fixed‐bed column to selectively adsorb Pd (II) from bi‐metallic solutions. The transport‐dispersive model with a linear driving force kinetics equation and a pH‐dependent competitive Langmuir isotherm was employed to predict the breakthrough curves of the metal ions from the fixed bed.RESULTSGood agreement between the model predictions and the experimental results under different operating conditions confirms the validity and accuracy of the mathematical model and the derived model parameters. Metal ions elute faster from the column with steeper breakthrough curves at higher flow rates and relatively higher feed concentrations. The pH value significantly affects the competitive adsorption isotherm as well as the breakthrough curves. The fully loaded packed bed can be regenerated completely by dilute thiourea solution.CONCLUSIONThe tailor‐made ETA microspheres can be successfully packed in a fixed‐bed column to selectively adsorb Pd (II) from bimetallic solutions. The transport‐dispersive model is capable of predicting the adsorption performances over a wide range of operating conditions. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Analysis of single, cisplatin‐induced DNA bends by atomic force microscopy and simulations
Authors: Dutta Samrat , Rivetti Claudio , Gassman Natalie R. , Young Carl G. , Jones Bradley T. , Scarpinato Karin , Guthold Martin 
Published: June 2018

AbstractBent DNA, or DNA that is locally more flexible, is a recognition motif for many DNA binding proteins. These DNA conformational properties can thus influence many cellular processes, such as replication, transcription, and DNA repair. The importance of these DNA conformational properties is juxtaposed to the experimental difficulty to accurately determine small bends, locally more flexible DNA, or a combination of both (bends with increased flexibility). In essence, many current bulk methods use average quantities, such as the average end‐to‐end distance, to extract DNA conformational properties; they cannot access the additional information that is contained in the end‐to‐end distance distributions. We developed a method that exploits this additional information to determine DNA conformational parameters. The method is based on matching end‐to‐end distance distributions obtained experimentally by atomic force microscopy imaging to distributions obtained from simulations. We applied this method to investigate cisplatin GG biadducts. We found that cisplatin induces a bend angle of 36° and softens the DNA locally around the bend.
The Clinical Specialist Radiation Therapist (CSRT): A case study exploring the effectiveness of a new advanced practice role in Canada
Authors: Harnett Nicole , Bak Kate , Lockhart Elizabeth , Ang Michelle , Zychla Laura , Gutierrez Eric , Warde Padraig 
Published: June 2018

AbstractIntroductionThe Clinical Specialist Radiation Therapist (CSRT), is a new advanced practice (AP) role for radiation therapists (RTTs). Following training, education and evaluation, the CSRT performs specific duties in autonomous ways, making advanced clinical decisions in their area of specialization. This case study examines the CSRT's impact on quantity (i.e., increasing capacity), improving quality and stimulating research and innovation.MethodsBetween 2007 and 2016, 23 CSRTs worked in 10 cancer centres in various AP position. A standardised metrics package, focusing on wait‐times, patient volumes, patient throughput, time‐savings, quality initiatives, satisfaction, research and innovation was developed and used to collect qualitative and quantitative data. Data were self‐reported by the CSRTs but electronic databases, pre/post‐studies, surveys and interviews were also used.ResultsQuantity projects (n = 76) related to patient volumes, wait‐times, patient throughput and time‐savings increased capacity and allowed more patients to enter the system. The presence of a CSRT allowed, on average, 13 additional patients (either new or re‐treated) to be seen, at their respective cancer centre, per month. An average of 1.4 yearly quality improvement initiatives were led by each CSRT, which contributed to improvements in quality of care and satisfaction. CSRTs demonstrated a high level of involvement in research, innovation and knowledge translation activities, either as leaders or part of interprofessional teams.ConclusionCSRTs positively impact quantity (capacity of the system), quality, research and innovation. Future efforts include permanent and sustainable team integration, practice standards, formal and comprehensive educational preparation, and approaches to consistent, valid assessment of AP in radiation therapy.
The deeper the pouch is, the longer the radiofrequency duration and higher the radiofrequency energy needed—Cavotricuspid isthmus ablation using intracardiac echocardiography
Authors: Shimizu Yukiko , Yoshitani Kazuyasu , Murotani Kenta , Kujira Kazuto , Kurozumi Yuma , Fukuhara Rei , Taniguchi Ryoji , Toma Masanao , Miyamoto Tadashi , Kita Yoshio , Takatsu Yoshiki , Sato Yukihito 
Published: June 2018

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this study was to explore whether the pouch depth influenced the radiofrequency (RF) duration and total delivered RF energy for cavotricuspid isthmus (CTI) ablation and define the cutoff value for a deep pouch‐specified ablation strategy.MethodsThis study included 94 atrial fibrillation (AF) patients (56 males, age 68 ± 8.0 years). With intracardiac echocardiography, the isthmus length and pouch depth were precisely measured. After a standard AF ablation, all patients underwent the CTI ablation along the lateral isthmus. If bidirectional block could not be achieved, the ablation catheter was deflected more than 90 degrees to ablate inside the pouch (knuckle‐curve ablation).ResultsSeventy‐two patients (76.6%) had a sub‐Eustachian pouch. Bidirectional block could be achieved in all patients. By a univariate logistic regression analysis, only the pouch depth was significantly correlated with the RF duration (P = .005) and RF energy (P = .006). A multivariate logistic regression analysis also revealed the pouch depth was the sole factor that influenced the RF duration (P = .001) and RF energy (P = .001). Among the 72 patients, 21 patients needed a knuckle‐curve ablation. Using a receiver operating characteristic curve, the optimal cutoff value of the pouch depth for a knuckle‐curve ablation was 3.7 mm with a sensitivity of 90% and specificity of 69%.ConclusionsThe sub‐Eustachian pouch depth was the sole factor that influenced the RF duration and energy in the CTI ablation. If the pouch was deeper than 3.7 mm, a deep pouch‐specified ablation strategy would be needed.
Technical Note: Adapting a GE SIGNA PET/MR scanner for radiotherapy
Authors: Brynolfsson Patrik , Axelsson Jan , Holmberg August , Jonsson Joakim H. , Goldhaber David , Jian Yiqiang , Illerstam Fredrik , Engström Mathias , Zackrisson Björn , Nyholm Tufve 
Published: June 2018

PurposeSimultaneous collection of PET and MR data for radiotherapy purposes are useful for, for example, target definition and dose escalations. However, a prerequisite for using PET/MR in the radiotherapy workflow is the ability to image the patient in treatment position. The aim of this work was to adapt a GE SIGNA PET/MR scanner to image patients for radiotherapy treatment planning and evaluate the impact on signal‐to‐noise (SNR) of the MR images, and the accuracy of the PET attenuation correction.MethodA flat tabletop and a coil holder were developed to image patients in the treatment position, avoid patient contour deformation, and facilitate attenuation correction of flex coils. Attenuation corrections for the developed hardware and an anterior array flex coil were also measured and implemented to the PET/MR system to minimize PET quantitation errors. The reduction of SNR in the MR images due to the added distance between the coils and the patient was evaluated using a large homogenous saline‐doped water phantom, and the activity quantitation errors in PET imaging were evaluated with and without the developed attenuation corrections.ResultWe showed that the activity quantitation errors in PET imaging were within ±5% when correcting for attenuation of the flat tabletop, coil holder, and flex coil. The SNR of the MRI images were reduced to 74% using the tabletop, and 66% using the tabletop and coil holders.ConclusionWe present a tabletop and coil holder for an anterior array coil to be used with a GE SIGNA PET/MR scanner, for scanning patients in the radiotherapy work flow. Implementing attenuation correction of the added hardware from the radiotherapy setup leads to acceptable PET image quantitation. The drop in SNR in MR images may require adjustment of the imaging protocols.
The different roles of opioid receptors in the inhibitory effects induced by sacral dorsal root ganglion stimulation on nociceptive and nonnociceptive conditions in cats
Authors: Wang Zhaoxia , Liao Limin , Deng Han , li Xing , Chen Guoqing , Liao Xiwen 
Published: June 2018

AimTo examine the roles of opioid receptors in the inhibition of nociceptive and nonnociceptive bladder reflexes by sacral dorsal root ganglion (DRG) stimulation in cats.MethodsHook electrodes were placed in the right S1 and S2 DRG of cats. The bladders were infused with physiologic saline or 0.25% acetic acid (AA). Naloxone (0.1, 0.3, and 1 mg/kg), an opioid receptor antagonist, was administered intravenously. S1 or S2 DRG stimulation was applied before and after administering the drug. Multiple cystometrograms were performed to determine the effects of DRG stimulation and opioid receptors on the micturition reflex under nociceptive and non‐nociceptive conditions.ResultsAA significantly (P < 0.01) reduced bladder capacity (BC). DRG stimulation at threshold (T) and 1.5 T significantly increased BC of the saline control under nociceptive and non‐nociceptive conditions. When saline was infused, naloxone (0.1‐1 mg/kg) significantly (P < 0.01) reduced BC; however, naloxone did not change BC during AA irritation. During saline infusion, naloxone (0.3 and 1 mg/kg) partly blocked S1 DRG stimulation‐induced inhibition but had only a slight effect on S2 DRG stimulation. During AA infusion, naloxone (0.3 and 1 mg/kg) only partially blocked S1 DRG stimulation at T intensity but not during 1.5 T stimulation. However, no doses of naloxone significantly affected S2 DRG stimulation.ConclusionOpioid receptors play a role in sacral DRG stimulation on non‐nociceptive condition but are not involved in the inhibitory effect of stimulation in nociceptive conditions.
Validation of a brief measure of HIV health‐related anxiety among women living with HIV
Authors: Schulte Marya T. , Marelich William D. , Payne Diana L. , Tarantino Nicholas , Armistead Lisa P. , Murphy Debra A. 
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACTAnxiety symptoms related to health are often present in populations coping with chronic illness, and among women living with HIV (WLWH), anxiety has been linked to a range of negative outcomes. This paper describes the validation of a four‐item instrument designed to measure health‐related anxiety (HRA) in WLWH by assessing the impact of thinking about HIV status and health on difficulty sleeping, lack of appetite, reduced desire to socialize, and difficulty concentrating at school or work. The scale was administered to 238 adult WLWH across three studies. Exploratory factor analysis revealed a one‐factor solution; multi‐group confirmatory factor invariance analyses supported the single factor model. For construct and criterion validity, correlations between the HRA scale and validated instruments measuring psychological, psychosocial, and physical distress were as predicted. Results support the validity of the HRA scale among WLWH as a brief measure of anxiety related to HIV status and health.
Risk factor analysis for mortality among infants requiring tracheostomy
Authors: Strang Abigail R. , Briddell Jenna W. , Barth Patrick C. , Shah Udayan K. , Chidekel Aaron 
Published: June 2018

AbstractIntroductionAn increasing number of tracheostomies are performed in infants with complex comorbidities including bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and congenital heart disease (CHD). With this shift in indications, there is an urgent need to characterize outcomes in this population.MethodsThis 5‐year retrospective chart review assessed rates of 12‐month mortality in infants who were ≤12 months of age at the time of tracheostomy at a tertiary care pediatric hospital and risk factors associated with death. Patient characteristics evaluated included chronologic age and post‐menstrual age at tracheostomy placement, gestational age and weight, sex, ethnicity, indication for tracheostomy, and comorbidities including BPD, CHD, subglottic stenosis (SGS), craniofacial syndromes, and chromosomal trisomy syndromes. Subgroup analysis was performed in infants with CHD.ResultsOne hundred thirty‐two tracheostomies were performed during the study period with an overall 12‐month mortality of 14.4% (19/132). Mortality was increased in patients with CHD (35%) and decreased in patients with SGS (3.7%). No other patient characteristics were associated with differences in mortality. There was a trend towards improved mortality outcomes among patients born at earlier gestational ages.ConclusionsAmong infants with tracheostomy in this cohort, overall mortality rates were relatively low but not insignificant. CHD was associated with increased mortality; however, children with SGS showed more favorable outcomes. Other patient characteristics were not associated with differences in mortality. These data clarify outcomes in a group of infants with tracheostomy.
In Situ Chelating Synthesis of Hierarchical LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 Polyhedron Assemblies with Ultralong Cycle Life for Li‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Zhang Yue , Jia Dianzeng , Tang Yakun , Huang Yudai , Pang Weikong , Guo Zaiping , Zhou Zhen 
Published: June 2018

AbstractLayered lithium transition‐metal oxides, with large capacity and high discharge platform, are promising cathode materials for Li‐ion batteries. However, their high‐rate cycling stability still remains a large challenge. Herein, hierarchical LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 polyhedron assemblies are obtained through in situ chelation of transition metal ions (Ni2+, Co2+, and Mn2+) with amide groups uniformly distributed along the backbone of modified polyacrylonitrile chains to achieve intimate mixing at the atomic level. The assemblies exhibit outstanding electrochemical performances: superior rate capability, high volumetric energy density, and especially ultralong high‐rate cyclability, due to the superiority of unique hierarchical structures. The polyhedrons with exposed active crystal facets provide more channels for Li+ diffusion, and meso/macropores serve as access shortcuts for fast migration of electrolytes, Li+ and electrons. The strategy proposed in this work can be extended to fabricate other mixed transition metal‐based materials for advanced batteries.