bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diagnostic Utility of Pathological Investigations in Late Gestation Stillbirth: A Cohort Study
Authors: Lou Si Kei , Keating Sarah , Kolomietz Elena , Shannon Patrick 
Published: July 2019

Objective Near term unexpected stillbirth is a common, complex diagnostic challenge. We review a large cohort of near term to term gestation unexpected fetal deaths to document the common patterns of pathology and evaluate the utility of various standard autopsy procedures. Methods A total of 123 perinatal autopsies consisting of 94 intrauterine fetal deaths (IUFDs) and 29 intrapartum deaths (IPDs) were reviewed. Deaths were classified according to the laboratory investigations establishing cause of death. Results Cause of death was attributable to placental pathology without autopsy in 55.3% of IUFD and 17% of IPD. Correlative findings at autopsy increased the ability to establish cause of death in 86.2% of IUFD and 62% of IPD. Histology was largely corroborative, with the brain, lungs, and heart demonstrating significant changes in 46%, 34.5%, and 13.8%, respectively. Microbiology was corroborative but demonstrated single organism growth in 6 of 29 cases of fatal acute chorioamnionitis. Newborn metabolic screening revealed only elevated thyroid-stimulating hormone levels in 3 cases, of questionable relevance. Aneuploidy was established by screening molecular studies in 5 IUFDs, all of which had external or visceral dysmorphism. Karyotype was established in 69 cases and was not contributory in any of the IPD: 3 IUFDs had changes of unknown significance. Cause of death was not established at autopsy in 9% of IUFD and 10% of IPD. Discussion This is the largest uniformly investigated cohort of late gestation unexpected fetal deaths studied. We confirm the importance of both placental and fetal autopsy in establishing cause of death. Autopsy histology, microbiology, and cytogenetics provide important but largely corroborative data.
A qualitative systematic review of experiences of persons with dementia regarding transition to long-term care
Authors: Young Jessica A , Lind Christopher , Orange JB 
Published: July 2019

Introduction The current qualitative systematic review identified and examined critically the literature on how persons with dementia experience transitions to long-term care. Results are intended to help develop guidelines for future care and research. Method A search was conducted of OvidSP, SCOPUS, Web of Science, ProQuest, PsycINFO, CINAHL, AgeLine and Informit databases. In total, 4705 articles were reviewed (published 1954–2018). A textual narrative approach was used to synthesise the findings of the included articles. Results Seven articles met inclusion criteria (five using data collected from interviews with persons with dementia and two using reports from a proxy). Overall, the findings showed that transition to long-term care possesses varied meanings for persons with dementia, is often not the decision of the persons with dementia, and is a process throughout which social connections remain important. Discussion Accounts of the experiences of persons with dementia regarding transitions from community to long-term care show that they and their families should be supported: with respect to their individual contexts, to share the positives and negatives of the transition experiences, to make decisions together, and to maintain old and establish new social connections.
Overexpression of FoxM1 in Sinonasal Inverted Papilloma and Associated Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Wang Huan , Li Han , Hu Li , Wang Jingjing , Liu Quan , Wang Dehui , Sun Xicai 
Published: July 2019

Background Sinonasal inverted papilloma (IP) is a rare tumor of nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. Its etiology and factors associated with tumor progression remains unclear. Forkhead Box M1 (FoxM1) has also been suggested to serve as an oncogene due to its pivotal roles in cell proliferation and cell cycle regulation. The aim of this study was to characterize the expression pattern of FoxM1 in IP and IP with associated squamous cell carcinoma (IPwSCC). Methods The study included 8 subjects with IPwSCC, 17 subjects with sinonasal IP, and 8 normal uncinate tissue (UT) mucosa. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and immunohistochemistry were used to assess the expression and distribution of FoxM1, polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1), cyclin B1, and cyclin D1 in IP tissues and normal control. The expression of FoxM1, PLK1, cyclin B1, and cyclin D1 in IPwSCC was evaluated using immunohistochemistry. Results The messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of FoxM1, PLK1, cyclin B1, and cyclin D1 was significantly upregulated in IP tissues versus normal UT by real-time PCR (all P values < .05). Using immunohistochemistry, the expression of FoxM1 was observed in the tumor cells of sinonasal IP and IPwSCC, but scarce positive cells in normal UT mucosa. The percentage of positive FoxM1-staining cells was statistically higher in IPwSCC than IP and normal UT mucosa (both P < .05). Both mRNA and protein expression of FoxM1 in IP with or without associated squamous cell carcinoma was correlated with tumor histological grades (both P < .05). Conclusion FoxM1, a proliferation specific transcription factor, was overexpressed in sinonasal IP and IPwSCC. FoxM1 might be a key molecule associated with growth of IP and malignant transformation of IP into IPwSCC.
Does Length Matter? A Comparison of Rapid Rhino™ Nasal Packings for the Treatment of Epistaxis
Authors: Kunz Seraina M. , Holzmann David , Waser Yves , Meerwein Christian , Deggeller Marcel , Soyka Michael B. 
Published: July 2019

Background Epistaxis is the most common otorhinolaryngologic emergency around the world. A broad variety of treatment options is available; ranging from conservative measures such as cauterization and nasal packings to surgery. For posterior epistaxis, nasal packings are usually the preferred initial treatment method. There are 2 different models of the widely used Rapid Rhino™ packing available at our department; the 7.5 cm, single-lumen, and the 9 cm, double-lumen variant with 2 separately inflatable balloons. Identifying whether one packing is superior to the other will help with the choice of the best possible treatment. Objective The goal of this study was to determine whether the new, double-lumen model had advantages compared to its shorter counterpart. Methods All patients treated with Rapid Rhino™ packings for spontaneous epistaxis between December 2005 and October 2017 were analyzed for various parameters such as recurrence rates, hospitalization rate, and duration of in-patient stay. The groups were divided by model and whether patients were treated before or after the introduction of the double-lumen version (December 2010). Results A total of 865 cases of patients treated with Rapid Rhino™ packs were analyzed. Before December 2010, 210 of 372 cases (56%) were hospitalized, whereas afterwards it was only 48% (235/493; P = .01). The duration of the in-patient stay decreased from 3.7 to 3.1 days ( P < .01). There was no difference in recurrence rates. Conclusion The introduction of the double-lumen, 9 cm Rapid Rhino™ packing has led to a decrease of in-patient time and to less hospitalizations. Therefore, it should be preferred to the shorter, single-lumen model in the treatment of posterior epistaxis.
The association between health literacy levels and patient-reported outcomes in Japanese type 2 diabetic patients
Authors: Ueno Haruka , Ishikawa Hirono , Suzuki Ryo , Izumida Yoshihiko , Ohashi Yumiko , Yamauchi Toshimasa , Kadowaki Takashi , Kiuchi Takahiro 
Published: July 2019

Objectives: The aim of this study is to empirically examine a full pathway model of health literacy, and health and well-being outcomes among patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods: A three-wave longitudinal survey was administered to 148 patients with diabetes. Covariance structure analysis was conducted to create a path diagram, with health literacy and burden of medical expenses included as independent variables and with psychosocial factors, behaviors, and health and well-being outcomes included as dependent variables. Results: The model fit indices showed a comparative fit index of 0.985 at baseline, 0.959 after 3 months, and 0.948 after 6 months, with a root mean square error of approximation of 0.040 at baseline, 0.079 after 3 months, and 0.085 after 6 months. There were 14 significant paths across the three time points between health literacy and understanding of diabetes care, self-efficacy, communication with doctors, and medication adherence. Conclusion: The model fitness index showed an adequate result. Health literacy was significantly positively associated with understanding of diabetes care, self-efficacy, communication with doctors, and medication adherence. Health literacy had a direct positive influence on medication adherence and possibly an indirect positive influence on exercise/diet via self-efficacy. The results were generally consistent across the three time points, suggesting good reliability of the models. Improving health literacy may lead to better self-management of diabetes and favorable health outcomes.
Does Combining a Suprascapular Nerve Block With an Intra-articular Corticosteroid Injection Have an Additive Effect in the Treatment of Adhesive Capsulitis? A Comparison of Functional Outcomes After Short-term and Minimum 1-Year Follow-up
Authors: Jung Tae Wan , Lee Seung Yeop , Min Seul Ki , Lee Sang Min , Yoo Jae Chul 
Published: July 2019

Background: No therapeutic intervention is universally accepted as the most effective treatment for adhesive capsulitis. An intra-articular corticosteroid injection (IAI) with a suprascapular nerve block (SSNB), a common treatment for this disease, is a safe and effective method for the resolution of pain and restoration of shoulder range of motion (ROM). Purpose: To compare the efficacy of combined SSNB and IAI with that of IAI alone in the treatment of adhesive capsulitis. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: We performed a retrospective review of 102 patients with adhesive capsulitis who were treated at an outpatient clinic from July 2016 to January 2017. A combined SSNB with IAI was performed in 48 patients (SSNB + IAI group), and an IAI alone was performed in 54 patients (IAI group). Patients were assessed before the intervention and at 2 weeks and 2 months after the intervention. ROM and pain and function visual analog scales (PVAS and FVAS, respectively), the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) score, the Korean Shoulder Scoring System (KSS), the Constant score, the Simple Shoulder Test (SST), and the Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI) were used for clinical assessments. PVAS, FVAS, and ASES scores at a minimum of 1 year after the intervention were assessed for 82 patients. Results: At the 2-month assessment, all parameters significantly improved in both the SSNB + IAI and IAI groups ( P < .05), however, improvements in forward flexion (FF) and abduction (ABD) between the 2-week and 2-month assessments were better in the SSNB + IAI group. At the 2-month assessment, improvements in the FVAS, ASES, SST, and SPADI scores and FF and ABD values were statistically significantly greater in the SSNB + IAI group compared with the IAI group. Improvements in FVAS and ASES scores were significantly greater in the SSNB + IAI group at a minimum of 1 year. Conclusion: Both a combined SSNB and IAI and an IAI alone significantly improved pain and functional outcomes in patients with adhesive capsulitis. The use of an SSNB with an IAI further increased treatment efficacy, as per the FVAS, ASES, SST, and SPADI scores and FF and ABD values. Patients who underwent SSNB combined with an IAI showed better improvements in the FVAS and ASES scores compared with IAI alone at a minimum of 1 year after the intervention. Therefore, an SSNB combined with an IAI may be a good treatment choice for adhesive capsulitis.
Extension for Community Healthcare Outcomes-Palliative Care in Africa Program: Improving Access to Quality Palliative Care
Authors: Yennurajalingam Sriram , Amos Charles E. , Weru John , Addo Opare-Lokko Edwina Beryl V.N.D. , Arthur Joseph Anthony , Nguyen Kristy , Soyannwo Olaitan , Chidebe Runcie C.W. , Williams Janet L. , Lu Zhanni , Baker Ellen , Arora Sanjeev , Bruera Eduardo , Reddy Suresh 
Published: July 2019

PURPOSE There is limited access to quality palliative care (PC) for patients with advanced cancer in sub-Saharan Africa. Our aim was to describe the development of the Project Extension for Community Healthcare Outcomes-Palliative Care in Africa (ECHO-PACA) program and describe a preliminary evaluation of attitudes and knowledge of participants regarding the ability of the program to deliver quality PC. METHODS An interdisciplinary team at the MD Anderson Cancer Center, guided by experts in PC in sub-Saharan Africa, adapted a standardized curriculum based on PC needs in the region. Participants were then recruited, and monthly telementoring sessions were held for 16 months. The monthly telementoring sessions consisted of case presentations, discussions, and didactic lectures. Program participants came from 14 clinics and teaching hospitals in Ghana, Kenya, Nigeria, South Africa, and Zambia. Participants were surveyed at the beginning, midpoint, and end of the 16-month program to evaluate changes in attitudes and knowledge of PC. RESULTS The median number of participants per session was 30. Thirty-three (83%) of 40 initial participants completed the feedback survey. Health care providers’ self-reported confidence in providing PC increased with participation in the Project ECHO-PACA clinic. There was significant improvement in the participants’ attitudes and knowledge, especially in titrating opioids for pain control ( P = .042), appropriate use of non-opioid analgesics ( P = .012), and identifying and addressing communication issues related to end-of-life care ( P = .014). CONCLUSION Project ECHO-PACA was a successful approach for disseminating knowledge about PC. The participants were adherent to ECHO PACA clinics and the completion of feedback surveys. Future studies should evaluate the impact of Project ECHO-PACA on changes in provider practice as well as patient outcomes.
Sex differences in gene expression patterns associated with the APOE4 allele
Authors: Hsu Michelle , Dedhia Mehek , Crusio Wim E , Delprato Anna 
Published: July 2019

Background:TheAPOEgene encodes apolipoprotein ε (ApoE), a protein that associates with lipids to form lipoproteins that package and traffic cholesterol and lipids through the bloodstream. There are at least three different alleles of theAPOEgene:APOE2,APOE3, andAPOE4. TheAPOE4allele increases an individual's risk for developing late-onset Alzheimer disease (AD) in a dose-dependent manner. Sex differences have been reported for AD susceptibility, age of onset, and symptom progression, with females being more affected than males.Methods:In this study, we use a systems biology approach to examine gene expression patterns in the brains of aged female and male individuals who are positive for theAPOE4allele in order to identify possible sex-related differences that may be relevant to AD.Results:Based on correlation analysis, we identified a large number of genes with an expression pattern similar to that ofAPOEinAPOE4-positive individuals. The number of these genes was much higher inAPOE4-positive females than inAPOE4-positive males, who in turn had more of such genes thanAPOE4-negative control groups. Our findings also indicate a significant sex* genotype interaction for the CNTNAP2 gene, a member of the neurexin family and a significant interaction for brain area*sex* genotype for PSEN2, a risk factor gene for AD. Conclusions:Profiling of these genes using Gene Ontology (GO) term classification, pathway enrichment, and differential expression analysis supports the idea of a transcriptional role ofAPOEwith respect to sex differences and AD.
Myopia Outcome Study of Atropine in Children (MOSAIC): an investigator-led, double-masked, placebo-controlled, randomised clinical trial protocol
Authors: McCrann Saoirse , Flitcroft Ian , Strang Niall C. , Saunders Kathryn J. , Logan Nicola S. , Lee Samantha Szeyee , Mackey David A. , Butler John S. , Loughman James 
Published: July 2019

Background: The Myopia Outcome Study of Atropine in Children (MOSAIC) aims to explore the efficacy, safety, acceptability and mechanisms of action of 0.01% unpreserved atropine for myopia control in a European population. Methods: MOSAIC is an investigator-led, double-masked, placebo-controlled, randomised clinical trial (RCT) investigating the efficacy, safety and mechanisms of action of 0.01% atropine for managing progression of myopia. During Phase 1 of the trial, 250 children aged 6-16 years with progressive myopia instil eye drops once nightly in both eyes from randomisation to month 24. No treatment is given during Phase 2 from month 24 to 36 (washout period) for those participants initially randomised to the intervention arm (n=167), during which any potential rebound effects on cessation of treatment will be monitored. All participants initially assigned to the placebo (n=83) crossover to the intervention arm of the study for Phase 2, and from month 24 to 36, instil 0.01% atropine eye drops in both eyes once nightly. Further treatment and monitoring beyond 36 months is planned (Phase 3) and will be designed dependent on the outcomes of Phase 1. Results: The primary outcome measure is cycloplegic spherical equivalent refractive error progression at 24 months. Secondary outcome measures include axial length change as well as the rebound, safety and acceptability profile of 0.01% atropine. Additional analyses will include the mechanisms of action of 0.01% atropine for myopia control. Conclusions: The generalisability of results from previous clinical trials investigating atropine for myopia control is limited by the predominantly Asian ethnicity of previous study populations. MOSAIC is the first RCT to explore the efficacy, safety and mechanisms of action of unpreserved 0.01% atropine in a predominantly White population. Trial registration: ISRCTN: ISRCTN36732601 (04/10/2017), EudraCTdatabase 2016-003340-37 (03/07/2018).
Lugares de interés geomorfológico de la Sierra del Aramo (Macizo Central Asturiano, NW España): propuesta y evaluación
Authors: Beato Bergua Salvador , Poblete Piedrabuena Miguel Ángel , Marino Alfonso José Luis 
Published: July 2019

Los elementos geomorfológicos constituyen un componente esencial del patrimonio natural y deben jugar un rol importante tanto en las políticas de conservación como de aprovechamiento sostenible de los recursos naturales. Por esto, es necesario aplicar métodos para el conocimiento, diagnóstico y divulgación de dicho patrimonio. En este sentido, se efectúa la valoración del patrimonio geomorfológico de la Sierra del Aramo y sus estribaciones, a partir de la delimitación y evaluación de Lugares de Interés Geomorfológico (LIGm). Como resultado se han identificado seis geomorfositios de los cuales dos, esto es, la Cuesta de Riosa y La Coruxeda-Las Xanas, alcanzan una valoración global sobresaliente. En función de los valores científicos, culturales y de uso y gestión de cada LIGm se establecen propuestas orientadas a su ordenación territorial. Están enfocadas mayoritariamente a la interpretación y conservación del patrimonio geomorfológico para el aprovechamiento geoturístico y educativo sostenible en el contexto de una futura zona protegida oficialmente.
A DUALIDADE NA RELAÇÃO SOCIEDADE-NATUREZA ENTRE OS INDÍGENAS PARESI E OS FAZENDEIROS DO ENTORNO SOBRE A PAISAGEM
Authors: Misquita de Oliveira Nicodemos , Junior José Carlos Ugeda 
Published: July 2019

O estudo apresenta uma análise da paisagem na bacia hidrográfica do Rio Verde, território indígena Paresi em Tangará da Serra - Mato Grosso. Pautada no método geossistêmico somado ao viés crítico da geografia. Envolveu estudos sobre concepções diferenciadas na relação sociedade-natureza entre os Paresi-Haliti e os fazendeiros do entorno. Assinalada pela resistência dos indígenas frente ao processo de homogeneização da paisagem. O resultado cartográfico do uso e ocupação do solo nos últimos trinta anos revelou uma paisagem muito alterada no entorno da terra indígena, marcada pelas geometrias das plantações de commodities de grãos. Já no território indígena a vegetação natural foi mantida praticamente conservada. Entrevistas com os fazendeiros e indígenas apontaram incompatibilidades nos usos múltiplos do rio. Rituais tradicionais foram comprometidos, pois muitos locais sagrados ficaram situados fora do território delimitado, em áreas particulares. Houve também uma diminuição dos animais de caça pela perda de habitat. O território indígena Paresi representa, juntamente com outros territórios indígenas, a riqueza da heterogeneidade cultural e também acabaram assumindo um importante papel na preservação dos biomas no estado.
Las variables del comportamiento organizacional que afectan a los cambios de procesos operativos. Caso Aguiar Resistencia SA
Authors: Galizzi Gastón 
Published: July 2019

La presente investigación tuvo como objeto de estudio a las variables del comportamiento organizacional que afectan los cambios de los procesos operativos.El objetivo general de la investigación fue jerarquizar las variables del comportamiento organizacional que afectan a los cambios de los procesos operativos en Aguiar Resistencia SA.El enfoque de la investigación fue cuantitativo. De acuerdo con su objeto, es descriptivo y puro (básico). A su vez, es un trabajo disciplinario, bibliográfico–de campo y transversal. Además, los datos fueron obtenidos de encuestas acompañadas de entrevistas semiestructuradas y observaciones.La principal conclusión a la que se pudo arribar fue que en Aguiar Resistencia SA, valiéndonos de la imagen de una pirámide conforme a las variables del comportamiento organizacional ante el cambio del proceso operativo en el departamento de logística, obtuvimos en la base a los Valores compartidos, subiendo al siguiente nivel las Habilidades, conocimientos y actitudes, seguido de la Motivación y en la cima la Confianza entre pares.
Musical Semiotics as a Tool for the Social Study of Music. By Óscar Hernández Salgar. Translated by Brenda M. Romero.
Authors: Hernández Salgar Óscar , Romero Brenda M. 
Published: July 2019

Recent studies on musical signification have been characterized by an apparently insurmountable gap between disciplines that focus on the musical text as sound (music theory, musicology), those that focus on the hearing subject (cognitive sciences, psychology of music), and those that focus on social discourses about music (ethnomusicology, anthropology, sociology). This article argues that the most recent theoretical advances in music semiotics provide means to overcome this gap. After a brief examination of some key concepts in music semiotics, the author identifies three approaches to this problem: the semiotic-hermeneutic approach, the cognitive-embodied approach, and the social-political approach. This classification allows him to introduce a brief methodological proposal for the study of musical signification from different academic perspectives.
Citation: Hernández Salgar, Óscar. Musical Semiotics as a Tool for theSocial Study of Music. Translated by Brenda M. Romero. Ethnomusicology Translations, no. 2. Bloomington, IN: Society for Ethnomusicology, 2016.
Originally published in Spanish in Cuadernos de Música, Artes Visuales, y Artes Escénicas 7, no. 1 (January 2011):39-77.