bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Opposing responses to drought shape spatial population dynamics of declining grassland birds
Authors: Wilson Scott , Smith Adam C. , Naujokaitis‐Lewis Ilona 
Published: July 2018

AbstractAimThe joint threats of climate and land‐use change require an understanding of how environmental variation influences species abundance and distribution. However, most species distribution models use static data and methods without considering how species respond over multiple temporal and spatial scales. Using a novel analytical approach, we show how multiscalar environmental variation drives spatial population dynamics of mobile species.LocationGreat Plains, North America.MethodsWe developed a spatial hierarchical model of abundance using long‐term citizen science data for two severely declining species (Lark Bunting, Calamospiza melanocorys, Chestnut‐collared Longspur, Calcarius ornatus). Specifically, we (a) compared regional variation in range‐wide abundance and population trends, (b) evaluated the influence of short‐term and long‐term drought on range dynamics and (c) tested whether regional population dynamics are spatially autocorrelated by environmental conditions occurring in geographically separated areas.ResultsBoth species exhibited long‐term range‐wide declines >70% with contraction towards the range core. Lark Buntings showed opposing responses to environmental variation; regional abundance increased with wetter conditions during arrival on the breeding grounds but also with longer‐term (4‐year) drought conditions. Chestnut‐collared Longspurs showed no response to drought at either temporal scale. We found strong evidence that Lark Bunting abundance in the southern portion of the range increases with favourable environmental conditions leading to subsequent declines in abundance in northern regions.Main conclusionsOur results highlight how (a) species can show opposing responses to the same environmental variable at different temporal and spatial scales, (b) sympatric species vary in their propensity to track environmental conditions and (c) for latitudinal migrants, environmental conditions along the migration pathway can influence settlement patterns with conditions in southern regions impacting abundance in the north. Our analysis indicates that an understanding of how global change impacts mobile species distributions will require range‐wide assessments incorporating response to environmental conditions across temporal and spatial scales.
Pathogens in space: Advancing understanding of pathogen dynamics and disease ecology through landscape genetics
Authors: Kozakiewicz Christopher P. , Burridge Christopher P. , Funk W. Chris , VandeWoude Sue , Craft Meggan E. , Crooks Kevin R. , Ernest Holly B. , Fountain‐Jones Nicholas M. , Carver Scott 
Published: July 2018

AbstractLandscape genetics has provided many insights into how heterogeneous landscape features drive processes influencing spatial genetic variation in free‐living organisms. This rapidly developing field has focused heavily on vertebrates, and expansion of this scope to the study of infectious diseases holds great potential for landscape geneticists and disease ecologists alike. The potential application of landscape genetics to infectious agents has garnered attention at formative stages in the development of landscape genetics, but systematic examination is lacking. We comprehensively review how landscape genetics is being used to better understand pathogen dynamics. We characterize the field and evaluate the types of questions addressed, approaches used and systems studied. We also review the now established landscape genetic methods and their realized and potential applications to disease ecology. Lastly, we identify emerging frontiers in the landscape genetic study of infectious agents, including recent phylogeographic approaches and frameworks for studying complex multihost and host‐vector systems. Our review emphasizes the expanding utility of landscape genetic methods available for elucidating key pathogen dynamics (particularly transmission and spread) and also how landscape genetic studies of pathogens can provide insight into host population dynamics. Through this review, we convey how increasing awareness of the complementarity of landscape genetics and disease ecology among practitioners of each field promises to drive important cross‐disciplinary advances.
Characterization of vacuum‐annealed TiNb2O7 as high potential anode material for lithium‐ion battery
Authors: Inada Ryoji , Mori Tomoya , Kumasaka Rei , Ito Ryuta , Tojo Tomohiro , Sakurai Yoji 
Published: July 2018

AbstractElectrochemical properties of mixed titanium‐niobium oxide TiNb2O7 (TNO) synthesized via vacuum annealing as high potential anode material for lithium‐ion batteries were investigated. Crystal structure, size, and morphology are nearly independent of the annealing atmosphere for starting materials but the color of vacuum‐annealed TNO (TNO‐V) is dark blue while white for the air‐annealed one (TNO‐A). X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis also indicated that Ti4+ and Nb5+ in TNO are partially reduced into Ti3+ and Nb4+ due to the introduction of oxygen vacancy. Electronic conductivity for TNO‐V was around 10−3 S cm−1 at room temperature and much higher than that for TNO‐A (=10−11 S cm−1). In electrochemical testing, both TNO‐A and TNO‐V electrodes showed reversible capacity of 260‐270 mAh g−1 at low current density of 0.5 mA cm−2, while at higher current density of 5.0 mA cm−2, TNO‐V electrode retained higher reversible capacity of 140 mAh g−1 than that for TNO‐A electrode (=80 mAh g−1). The enhancement of intrinsic electronic conductivity greatly contributes to improve the rate performance of TNO.
Mission in Pentecostal Theology
Authors: Kärkkäinen Veli‐Matti 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe purpose of this essay is to seek to discern as accurately as possible some key theological resources and impulses that stand behind global Pentecostal mission, whose tremendous growth has caught the attention of scholars and practitioners alike. After outlining a profile of key factors believed to be behind missionary enthusiasm and discerning the current state of the emerging Pentecostal missiological scholarship, the essay seeks to provide a fairly comprehensive theological analysis of leading motifs. The essay suggests that the following theological themes undergird Pentecostal missiology, namely a keen eschatological expectation, the pursuit of a distinctively Pentecostal “Full Gospel,” the vision of a holistic salvation, and the reliance on the power and energies of the Holy Spirit. Since Pentecostal theological analysis is still in the making, the current writing should be considered as an interim report.
Observations on Pentecostal Participation in Formal Ecumenical Dialogue
Authors: Stephenson Christopher A. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractAs analysis of the implications of global Pentecostalism for ecumenism continues, we can learn much by examining the formal ecumenical dialogues in which Pentecostals have participated. Among these dialogues, both between Pentecostals and other Christian traditions and between Oneness and trinitarian Pentecostals, the Catholic–Pentecostal dialogue is especially instructive. As Pentecostals continue to dialogue, they should employ the methodology of lex orandi, lex credendi, reflect on the requirements and responsibilities of their dialogue participation, and return to previous topics in their dialogues that may be ripe for reconsideration.
The Pentecostal Church in Slovakia and the Common Witness of Evangelical Churches in the Spirit of Partnership and Cooperation
Authors: Soltesova Viktoria 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThis study aims to describe the Pentecostal Church in Slovakia in the scope of current ecumenical cooperation and dialogue. The Apostolic Church is a member of the Union of Evangelical Churches in Slovakia, which established the Department of Theology and Christian Education (DETM) at the University of Matej Bel. Since 1994, individual churches have continued together in ecumenical cooperation in the education of their young spiritual workers. The curriculum includes academic interpretation and missiological reflection on selected parts of mission. It offers the practical efforts of the teachers and students, especially from the viewpoint of the churches' common witness in diversity. The curriculum of the study programme for theologians interprets the two mission documents Together towards Life (TTL) and The Cape Town Commitment (CTC) from a Slovakian evangelical theological view and applies it practically in context. This paper introduces DETM's educational programme in mission and ecumenism and examines how it embodies the values and concepts of those two mission documents through its activities. Special interest is focused on the topic of the practice of common witness in a spirit of partnership and cooperation.
Missio Dei Trinitatis and Missio Ecclesiae: A Public Theological Perspective
Authors: Youn Chul‐Ho 
Published: July 2018

AbstractIn this article I address the mission of the triune God (missio Dei trinitatis) and the mission of the church (missio ecclesiae) that participates in the mission of God the Trinity, particularly from the perspective of public theology. First, I investigate that the concept of the missio Dei trinitatis so expanded our understanding of mission that the church‐centred view of mission was replaced by the public mission taking place in the midst of the world. Second, from the public theological perspective I argue for the need of the diakonia mission in order to realize the reign of God in the world. Third, I insist that the mission of the church participating in the mission of the triune God ought to appropriate the post‐colonial hermeneutics of suspicion and develop a post‐post‐colonial public mission theology for the sake of a mature democratic civil society. Fourth, I suggest that the mission of the church participating in God's mission should develop a transcultural‐indigenous public hermeneutics of mission in such a way as to encourage different stories through transcultural‐indigenous interpretations of the biblical narrative.
The effect of neuraminidase inhibitors on household transmission in Japanese patients with influenza A and B infection: A prospective, observational study
Authors: Hirotsu Nobuo , Saisho Yutaka , Hasegawa Takahiro 
Published: July 2018

BackgroundThe relative ability of neuraminidase inhibitors (NAIs) to reduce household influenza transmission when given to index patients is not established.ObjectivesTo compare daily secondary infection rates (SIR) of influenza A (A/H1pdm and A/H3) and B in households of index patients treated with oseltamivir, zanamivir, laninamivir, or peramivir.Patients/MethodsThis Japanese, single‐center, prospective, observational study (UMIN‐CTR: UMIN000024650) enrolled index patients with confirmed influenza who were treated with an NAI during 6 influenza seasons (2010‐2016). Secondary infection patients were household members diagnosed with the same influenza subtype 1‐7 days after onset in the index patient. Daily SIR was calculated using a modified Reed‐Frost model. The rate of household members with secondary infection and proportion of households with any secondary infection were also calculated.ResultsIndex patients with influenza A (n = 1146) or B (n = 661) were enrolled (~3400 total index and secondary patients). Daily SIR for all virus subtypes was highest when oseltamivir was used (eg, unadjusted estimate: type A, 1.47% vs 0.71%‐1.13%; type B, 1.30% vs 0.59%‐0.88%). Pairwise comparisons revealed significant differences in daily SIR between NAIs for influenza type A, type B, and subtype A/H3; for example, for type A, SIR was significantly higher with oseltamivir than with peramivir or zanamivir. The rate of household members with secondary infection and proportion of households with any secondary infection also varied between NAIs.ConclusionsNeuraminidase inhibitors differed in their ability to reduce household influenza transmission; transmission was highest with oseltamivir. Physicians may consider effects on household transmission when deciding which NAI to prescribe.
Thermodynamic properties of Si(OH)4(g) based on combined experimental and quantum chemistry data
Authors: Plyasunov Andrey V. , Zyubin Alexander S. , Zyubina Tatiana S. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe volatility of silicon‐based ceramics in combustion environments is primarily controlled by the formation of gaseous Si(OH)4. The heat capacities and entropies of this species at 298.15‐2100 K and P = 0.1 MPa have been studied with the B3LYP density functional theory for the 6‐311+G(d,p) basis set in different approximations: a harmonic oscillator, an anharmonic oscillator, and with corrections for hindered rotors. Experimentally based Gibbs energies of Si(OH)4(g) at 424‐1661 K have been employed to evaluate the Gibbs energy of formation, , and the entropy, , of Si(OH)4(g) at = 298.15 K and P = 0.1 MPa. We found that the QC and “experimental” values are very close for the harmonic and anharmonic oscillator approximations, but not for the “hindered rotor” approximation. This conclusion is also supported by calculations of the OH rotational energy for Si(OH)4 molecule, where the potential barrier was found to exceed 12 kJ/mol. Finally, we recommend the thermodynamic properties of Si(OH)4 in the ideal gas state at P = 0.1 MPa over the temperature range of 298‐2100 K.
Teacher practices during Year 4 of a one‐to‐one mobile learning initiative
Authors: Reichert Michael , Mouza Chrystalla 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThis study examines the ways in which all nine middle school teachers in a private school for boys in the United States integrated mobile devices with content and pedagogy 4 years into the implementation of a one‐to‐one initiative. It also examines teacher perceptions of the benefits and challenges related to the implementation of mobile devices in real classroom contexts. Data were collected from multiple sources including teacher lesson plans, classroom observations, and interviews. Data collection and analysis were situated in the framework of Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK), which is used to examine teacher knowledge and observed evidence of TPACK during classroom instruction. Results indicated that teachers were able to draw connections among mobile devices, content, and pedagogy to support student experiences. Results, however, indicated variability in teacher practice and pointed to the important role of continuous professional learning. Findings have implications for researchers and practitioners involved in the design and implementation of one‐to‐one initiatives.
Head‐to‐head trials of systemic psoriasis therapies: a systematic review of study design and maximum acceptable treatment differences
Authors: Wan M.T. , Alvarez J. , Shin D.B. , Dommasch E.D. , Wu J.J. , Gelfand J.M. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThere is increasing use of head‐to‐head clinical trials in dermatology when establishing the efficacy of a new treatment. Active comparator trials (ACTs) can be classified into three distinct study trial designs: non‐inferiority, equivalence and superiority. A better understanding of the statistical parameters, such as acceptable treatment differences (also known as the margin or delta), is necessary to properly design and interpret findings of active comparator trials (ACTs) in the field of dermatology. Therefore, the objective of this study was to summarize the maximum acceptable treatment differences in clinical trials that examine the efficacy of an oral or biologic psoriasis therapy with an active comparator. We conducted a systematic search using MEDLINE, Scopus, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, LILACS, Web of Science and ClinicalTrials.gov from inception to 31 August 2017. All ACTs with adult participants that had a primary outcome of the Psoriasis Area and Severity Index score were included. Bibliographies of articles were further reviewed. Two investigators independently assessed for article inclusion and separately completed data extraction of predefined data points. When there was a disagreement, a third investigator was consulted. Of the 49 ACTs included, there were 13 superiority, eight non‐inferiority and seven equivalence trials. Another 21 studies had inadequate information for classification. All of the non‐inferiority trials reported the margin, one of the superiority and six of the equivalence trials stated the treatment difference explicitly. For superiority trials, acceptable treatment differences ranged from 14% to 20%. The non‐inferiority studies reported lower bound margins ranging from −20% to −10%. The equivalence trials reported upper and lower bound margins ranging from ±12.5% to ±18%. The results demonstrate the need for harmonization in the conduct of dermatological clinical trials and in the approaches of reporting research parameters.
Enhance quality care performance: Determination of the variables for establishing a common database in French paediatric critical care units
Authors: Recher Morgan , Bertrac Caroline , Guillot Camille , Baudelet Jean Benoit , Karaca‐Altintas Yasemin , Hubert Hervé , Leclerc Francis , Leteurtre Stéphane ,   the French Group for Pediatric Intensive Care and Emergencies (GFRUP)
Published: July 2018

AbstractSelected variables for the French Paediatric Intensive Care registry.Rationale, aims, and objectivesProviding quality care requires follow‐up in regard to clinical and economic activities. Over the past decade, medical databases and patient registries have expanded considerably, particularly in paediatric critical care medicine (eg, the Paediatric Intensive Care Audit Network (PICANet) in the UK, the Australian and New Zealand Paediatric Intensive Care (ANZPIC) Registry in Australia and New Zealand, and the Virtual Paediatric Intensive Care Unit Performance System (VPS) in the USA). Such a registry is not yet available in France. The aim of this study was to determine variables that ought to be included in a French paediatric critical care registry.MethodsVariables, items, and subitems from 3 foreign registries and 2 French local databases were used. Items described each variable, and subitems described items. The Delphi method was used to evaluate and rate 65 variables, 90 items, and 17 subitems taking into account importance or relevance based on input from 28 French physicians affiliated with the French Paediatric Critical Care Group. Two ratings were used between January and May 2013.ResultsFifteen files from 10 paediatric intensive care units were included. Out of 65 potential variables, 48 (74%) were considered to be indispensable, 16 (25%) were considered to be optional, and 1 (2%) was considered to be irrelevant. Out of 90 potential items, 62 (69%) were considered to be relevant, 23 (26%) were considered to be of little relevance, and 5 (6%) were considered to be irrelevant. Out of 17 potential subitems, 9 (53%) were considered to be relevant, 6 (35%) were considered to be of little relevance, and 2 (12%) were considered to be irrelevant.ConclusionsThe necessary variables that ought to be included in a French paediatric critical care registry were identified. The challenge now is to develop the French registry for paediatric intensive care units.
Quality comparison of grass carp and salmon fillets packaged in modified atmosphere with different composite films
Authors: Zhu Zhiwei , Gao Hai , Gao Tingting , Sun Da‐Wen 
Published: July 2018

AbstractGrass carp fillets (without dark meat) and salmon fillets were stored in modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) with a gas mixture of 10% O2, 60% CO2, and 30% N2 for up to 12 days at 4 °C. Effects of three commercial MAP composite films, that is, F1 from Sealed Air, F2 from Amcor, and F3 from Bemis, on contents of CO2 and O2, and quality indicators including total viable count (TVC), total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB‐N), thiobarbituric acid (TBA), K value, pH, and color difference were investigated. It was observed that O2 content, pH, and TBA in grass carp fillets were higher than those of salmon fillets, while CO2 content and color difference were lower. F1 could maintain the quality of both fillets better than F2 and F3, with F3 being the worst. Principal component analysis showed the scores of F1, F2, and F3 for packaging grass carp and salmon fillets were 24.840, 26.570, and 25.162, and 24.863, 27.086, and 24.878, respectively, with F1 being the best for keeping the quality. The relationship between rate constant k and film oxygen permeability for describing kinetic change of TVC and TVB‐N during MAP storage for both fillets were also determined in the study.Practical applicationsGrass carp and salmon are very common species of fish with the largest reported production internationally. As highly perishable products, the extension of their shelf‐life is an important issue for in the industry. Modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) is an effective method for extending the shelf life of fresh foods. This study compared three commercial MAP composite films, that is, F1 from Sealed Air, F2 from Amcor, and F3 from Bemis, on contents of CO2 and O2, and quality indicators including total viable count (TVC), total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB‐N), thiobarbituric acid (TBA), K value, pH, and color difference for grass carp fillets (without dark meat) and salmon fillets stored in MAP, and indicated that F1 with composition of PP/Tie/Nylon6/EVOH/Nylon6/Tie/LLDPE was the best for keeping their quality. The current results should provide valuable information for the industry and retailers to supply high quality fresh aquatic products to the consumers.
Caregiving experiences, coping strategies and needs of foreign domestic workers caring for older people
Authors: Heng Juit Lin , Fan Emilia , Chan Ee‐Yuee 
Published: July 2018

AbstractBackgroundIn societies with ageing populations, foreign domestic workers are essential to provide care for older people in the community. Despite an increasing trend of employing foreign domestic workers as live‐in caregivers to older people, limited research has been done to understand their caregiving experiences and coping strategies.Aims and objectivesTo explore the caregiving experiences and coping strategies of foreign domestic workers caring for older people in Singapore.DesignDescriptive qualitative study.MethodsThis study was conducted in a large hospital in Singapore. Purposive sampling was used. Participants had to be able to converse in English and employed as foreign domestic workers to provide care to individuals aged 60 years and above, and needed assistance in at least one activity of daily living. Face‐to‐face in‐depth interviews were conducted until data saturation was achieved. Interviews were audio‐recorded and transcribed verbatim. Transcribed data were analysed using thematic analysis.ResultsWe interviewed 11 participants. Their mean age was 35 years, and they provided caregiving for about 20 hours daily. Eleven subthemes were identified and were organised into four main themes. These themes were “Juggling with Caregiving and Additional Responsibilities,” “Facing Challenges,” “Coping strategies” and “Seeking support.”ConclusionsFindings showed that many foreign domestic workers lacked the needed physical rest and support for them to recharge, and they were stressed caring for older people with behavioural issues. The findings highlighted the need for more physical rest, social support and caregiver training on behavioural management for foreign domestic workers.Relevance to clinical practiceThe findings could aid the understanding of the challenges and needs of foreign domestic workers and thereafter assist in development of relevant community nursing, social support and training on disruptive behavioural management for foreign domestic workers for them to effectively care for older people in the community.