bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
USING LEARNING JOURNAL TECHNIQUE TO IMPROVE THE RECOUNT TEXT WRITING SKILL OF THE TENTH GRADERS OF MAN 1 KOTA MAGELANG IN THE ACADEMIC YEAR 2017/2018
Authors: Nisa' Firda Khoirun 
Published: August 2019

Based on the syllabus of 2013 Curriculum, students of the tenth graders of senior high school should be able to produce some kinds of text. In relation to the recount text, students of the tenth graders (X Agama 2) of MAN 1 Kota Magelang still had difficulty in making good recount text. The average score of the students was 54. This score is less than the minimum standard of the score which is 70. The objectives of this research is to know whether the use of Learning Journal technique can improve the students’ motivation in learning the recount text writing skill of the tenth graders of MAN 1 Kota Magelang in the academic year 2017/2018. The writer conducted a classroom action research that was divided into Pre Cycle, Cycle I, and Cycle II. In collecting the data, the writer used non-test technique (observation and questionnaire) to know the improvement of the students’ motivation in learning writing of the recount text and test technique to know the improvement of the recount text writing skill of the students. There were 26 students of X Agama 2 of MAN 1 Kota Magelang as the subject of the research. As the result, there was an improvement of students’ motivation to learn English after the writer used Learning Journal technique. Furthermore, the students’ motivation in Pre-Cycle was 54.44. However the motivation improved to be 73.37 after they were taught by using Learning Journal technique in Cycle I. Then it continued to improve in Cycle II and the motivation improved to be 88.46. Keyword - Recount text, Learning Journal technique, Writing Skill.
USING GO FASTER TECHNIQUE TO IMPROVE THE HORTATORY EXPOSITION TEXT READING SKILL OF THE ELEVENTH GRADERS OF SMA NEGERI 3 MAGELANG IN SCHOOL YEAR 2017/2018
Authors: Yanti Pri - 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACTReading is one of the four language skills that should be mastered well be senior high school students in learning English, one of them is reading skill. This language skill, unfortunately, has not been well mastered by the eleventh graders of SMA N 3 Magelang. Mostly, the students find some difficulties in practising English reading activity. It becomes worse because of their low motivation in learning English. The fact shows that the students’ average score in reading skill is 68. It means that their average score was less than standard minimum score of passing grade which is 77. There are some factors that cause this condition. One of the factors is the monotonous way of teaching that makes the students have low motivation to study English reading. There are two objectives of this research. They are to know whether the use of Go Faster technique can increase the leraning motivation of the eleventh graders of SMA Negeri 3 Magelang in reading of hortatory exposition text and to know how great the improvement of the students reading skill on hortatory exposition text who are taught using Go Faster technique. The writer took the eleventh graders of SMA N 3 Magelang as the subject of the research. The writer conducted a Classroom Action Research (CAR). It was divided into three phases, Pre-Cycle, Cycle I, Cycle II. The techniques used to collect the data were test and non-test techniques. The writer used score percentage in each cycle to analyze the data.The result of the test shows that the percentage of the students who got the score of 77 or above increased 12,27 point after they were taught using Go Faster Technique. In the Pre-Cycle, the students’ average score was 71,56 and after they were taught using Go Faster Technique in Cycle I, the score was 76.30. The average score in Cycle II was 83.83 and it means there was improvement 7.53 point from Cycle I. Then, there was also a positive change of the students’ motivation to learn English. They were enthusiastic to improve their skill in reading a hortatory exposition text.Based on the result above, the writer concludes that Go Faster Technique is one of the good technique of teaching reading especially reading a hortatory exposition text which are applied in senior high schools. This technique can improve the students’ motivation and their hortatory exposition reading skill. The writer recommends English teachers to use Go Faster Technique as an alternative way of teaching reading to senior high school students.
An Analysis of Word Formation Process in Written Descriptive Text by the Eleventh Graders of SMA Negeri 1 Candimulyo in the School Year of 2017/2018
Authors: Purwaningrum Maya 
Published: August 2019

Writing is considered difficult skill to be learned. It needs the ability to express ideas that should be stated clearly, efficiently in a written form. In learning writing, the students will have a chance to do that through descriptive text. They have to give much attention on words choices to build the text. The students usually focus on the vocabulary because it will take time to analyze the process in the creation of words. Word formation process is important to gives knowledge about the rules on how to create a new word. The research’s aims are to describe the types of word formation process found in descriptive text written by the eleventh graders of SMAN 1 Candimulyo and to find the type of word formation process that are mostly used in descriptive text written by the eleventh graders of SMAN 1 Candimulyo. The subject is the eleventh graders’ descriptive text compositions of class XI MIPA 1 of SMAN 1 Candimulyo in the school year of 2017/2018. The results revealed, the total number of word formation process are 151 words, contributed in 8 types out of 11. Initialization, acronym are counted separately. They are 68 inflections or 45.03%, 46 derivations or 30.46%, 14 compoundings or 9.27%, 8 initializations or 5.30%, 6 coinages or 3.98%, 4 acronyms or 2.65%, 4 multiple processes or 2.65%, and 1 clipping or 0.66%. The most dominant type is inflections, 45.03%. The lowest is clipping in which there is 1 clipping out of 151 words or 0.66%.
A Comparative Study Of Surgical Outcome In Different Approaches For Hysterectomy
Authors: Tamrakar Suman Raj 
Published: August 2019

Introduction: Globally, hysterectomy has been the commonest gynecologic surgery since a long time. One of the most remarkable innovations in surgery has been the changeover from laparotomy to laparoscopy. The first reported laparoscopic hysterectomy was in 1989 by Harry Reich, for endometriosis. As laparoscopic procedure has various important advantages over laparotomy, it has become a preferred surgical method. But open hysterectomy or laparoscopic hysterectomy has been chosen based on various factors and the surgeon's experience and skill. Earlier hysterectomies were done in conventional way at Kathmandu University Hospital. But Laparoscopic assisted vaginal hysterectomy and total laparoscopic hysterectomy were started from 2011 and 2015 respectively.
Method: This retrospective study was undertaken to compare the demographic parameters, operative particulars, postoperative outcomes including complications of different hysterectomy approaches done from 2011 to 2018 at Kathmandu University Hospital.
Result: A total of 756 hysterectomy cases with 461 of open hysterectomy and 295 of laparoscopic hysterectomy were done in over 8 years. There was no significant difference in mean age of patients who underwent different types of hysterectomies (46.29±6.50 and 45.52±8.15 years, p=0.6829). There was significant increase in Brahmin/Chhetri caste seeking laparoscopic hysterectomy (p=0.0001) and significant decrease in other janajati caste undergoing laparoscopic hysterectomy (p=0.0004). The indications of different type of hysterectomy were almost comparable; with fibroids/adenomyosis (49.7%) followed by abnormal uterine bleeding (19.7%) were common indications. Laparoscopic hysterectomies have significantly increased since 2016. There were significant differences in operating time, blood loss and hospital stay between open and laparoscopic hysterectomy cases with 143.63±43.25 vs 67.56±25.75 minutes, 294.78±51.37 vs 470.24±102.99 ml and 2.61±0.66 vs 5.64±0.69 days respectively (all p<0.0001). There were 30 major complications in open and 10 in laparoscopic hysterectomy respectively with 9 minor complications in both. Eleven laparoscopy cases (3.7%) had to be converted to laparotomy.
Conclusions: Laparoscopic hysterectomies are possible with equivalent advantages. A good laparoscopic experiences for surgeons and a careful selection of the cases are the obligatory prerequisites.
Study Of Vaginal Microflora In Cases Of Preterm Prelabour Rupture (PPROM): A Case Control Study
Authors: Mahaseth Binod Kumar , B.C. Durga 
Published: August 2019

Background: Globally, Preterm delivery is a major contributory factor for early neonatal death. Till date definite causative factor for preterm labour has not been proven. However, the genital tract infection is considered to be the contributory factors for PPROM.
Method: This case control study was conducted at Nepalgunj Medical College Teaching Hospital, Kohalpur. 100 cases enrolled in the study were divided into two groups; group A consisted of 50 cases with PPROM; and in group B 50 cases were included cases without PPROM who came to routine antenatal check-up in ANC (antenatal care) clinic. The high vaginal swab was taken from the upper one-third of the posterior wall of the vagina and sent for culture and sensitivity in all cases.
Results: In group A (with PPROM)74% of cases were culture positive and the commonest organism was E. coli which was isolated in 40% (20/50). In group B (without PROM) 28% of cases had culture positive, and again the commonest organism was E. coli isolated in 14 % cases (7/50). This present study showed that E. coli was most sensitive to amoxyclav and staphylococcus epidermis was most sensitive to nitrofurantoin. Ceftriaxone was found to be most effective in mixed infections.
Conclusions: The genital tract infections in PPROM group was very high (+ve) culture in 74% in comparison to the non PPROM group where genital tract swab showed growth in only 28% (p-value 0.001). The lower genital tract infection has been considered as one of the potent cause of PPROM, so it is advised that a vaginal swab should be routinely obtained in the ANC clinic for culture and sensitivity. An appropriate antibiotic should be started in culture positive cases.
"The Master Plan is a Master Killer"
Authors: Wayessa Gutu Olana 
Published: August 2019

English abstract: Land is a key resource and an epicenter of struggle in Ethiopia, as indicated by the incident that sparked a powerful protest in Oromia in 2015. The protest quickly galvanized against the Addis Ababa Master Plan, which government officials represented as a “development plan,” while the protesters counter-framed it as a “Master Killer,” highlighting the immanent risks of land dispossession and displacement of people. This article employs a political-ecological approach to examine environmental, socio-cultural, and political-economic implications of the Master Plan and the resistance against it as a signifier of wider issues of contestation connected to land and displacement. It highlights contemporary grievances of the Oromo people in relation to unresolved historical questions and outlines the responses of the government to the protest.Spanish abstract:La tierra es un recurso clave y un epicentro de lucha en Etiopía. En el 2015 surgió una poderosa protesta en Oromia contra el Plan Maestro de Addis Abeba, presentado por el gobierno como un “plan de desarrollo”, mientras que los manifestantes lo enmarcaron como un “Asesino Maestro”, destacando los inminentes riesgos de la desposesión de tierras y el desplazamiento de personas. Este artículo emplea un enfoque político-ecológico para examinar las implicaciones ambientales, socioculturales y político-económicas del Plan Maestro y la resistencia en su contra como resultado de temas más amplios de disputa relacionados con la tierra y el desplazamiento. Destaca las quejas contemporáneas de la gente de Oromo en relación con preguntas históricas no resueltas y describe las respuestas del gobierno a la protesta.French abstract: La terre est une ressource clef et un motif central de conflit en Éthiopie. Les circonstances actuelles du pays accentuent cette tendance historique. En témoigne la protestation des Oromos contre le Programme Directeur d’Addis-Abeba que les fonctionnaires présentent comme un programme de développement alors que les protestataires le désignent comme “un maître-tueur”, en pointant les risques de dépossession de la terre et de déplacement de populations qui lui sont inhérents. Cet article utilise une approche d’écologie politique pour examiner ses implications dans le sens d’une protestation autour de la terre et du déplacement. Il analyse le programme directeur et la protestation des Oromos dans le cadre des principes idéologiques et structurels du gouvernement, de ses politiques et de ses pratiques.
Is the apical vertebra the most rotated vertebra in the scoliotic curve?
Authors: Labaki Chris , Otayek Joeffroy , Massaad Abir , Bakouny Ziad , Karam Mohammad , Hanna Cyril , Kassab Anthony , Bizdikian Aren Joe , Mjaess Georges , Karam Aya , Skalli Wafa , Ghanem Ismat , Assi Ayman 
Published: August 2019

OBJECTIVEThe aim of this study was to determine if the apical vertebra (AV) in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is the most rotated vertebra in the scoliotic segment.METHODSA total of 158 patients with AIS (Cobb angle range 20°–101°) underwent biplanar radiography with 3D reconstructions of the spine and calculation of vertebral axial rotations. The type of major curvature was recorded (thoracic, thoracolumbar, or lumbar), and both major and minor curvatures were included. The difference of levels (DL) between the level of maximal vertebral rotation (LMVR) and the AV was calculated as follows: DL = 0 if LMVR and AV were the same, DL = 1 if LMVR was directly above or below the AV, and DL = 2 if LMVR was separated by 1 vertebra or more from the AV. To investigate which factors explained the divergence of the LMVR from the AV, multinomial models were computed.RESULTSThe distribution of the DL was as follows: for major curvatures, 143 were DL = 0, 11 were DL = 1, and 4 were DL = 2; and for minor curvatures, 53 were DL = 0, 9 were DL = 1, and 31 were DL = 2. The determinants of a DL = 2 (compared with DL = 0) were lumbar curvature (compared with thoracic; adjusted OR 0.094, p = 0.001), major curvature (compared with minor; adjusted OR 0.116, p = 0.001), and curvatures with increasing apical vertebral rotation (adjusted OR 0.788, p < 0.001).CONCLUSIONSThis study showed that the AV is the most rotated vertebra in the majority of major curvatures, while in minor curvatures, the most rotated vertebra appears to be the junctional vertebra between major and minor curvatures in a significant proportion of cases.
Lipopolysaccharide-Binding Protein, Soluble CD14, and the Long-Term Risk of Alzheimer’s Disease: A Nested Case-Control Pilot Study of Older Community Dwellers from the Three-City Cohort
Authors: André Perrine , Samieri Cécilia , Buisson Charline , Dartigues Jean-François , Helmer Catherine , Laugerette Fabienne , Féart Catherine 
Published: August 2019

Background: Identifying the mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) remains crucially important. Chronic age-related low-grade inflammation is considered to be one such mechanism, although its causes are unclear. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-type endotoxins, a major component of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria, are known as potent pro-inflammatory molecules. Therefore, we hypothesized that greater exposure to circulating LPS, potentially mediated by the inflammatory pathway, would be a key step of the onset of AD. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the link between plasma endotoxin-exposure, inflammation, and AD. Methods: Applying a nested case-control design, we evaluated the associations among baseline plasma endotoxin-exposure (assessed by measuring LPS-binding protein (LBP) and soluble cluster of differentiation-14 (sCD14) levels), inflammation (assessed by measuring interleukin-6 (IL6) levels), and the odds of developing AD over 12 years. Selected from a population-based cohort, 212 incident cases of AD were matched with 424 controls without dementia with regard to age, gender, and education level. Results: After adjusting for a large set of confounders, including the use of anti-inflammatory drugs, only higher LBP levels were significantly associated with a 30% higher odds of developing AD over 12 years (OR 1.30, 95% CIs [1.07–1.59]), regardless of IL6 levels. Conclusion: This large case-control study provides preliminary results concerning plasma endotoxin-exposure among the elderly and suggests that higher LBP levels, an acute-phase reactant involved in the pro-inflammatory response to LPS, are associated with higher odds of developing AD.
The influence of traditional Iranian and Chinese medicine on western and islamic countries
Authors: Shahrajabian Mohamad Hesam , Sun Wenli , Cheng Qi 
Published: August 2019

Traditional Chinese and Iranian medicine are ancient medical and health care systems that still forms an important part of diagnosis and treatment systems in Iran, China and other parts of the world. The integration of these two systems and modern biomedicine is also an important issue. Iranian and Chinese traditional medicines recommended for health promotion and well-being. Chinese herbal drugs have been described by medieval Muslim medical scholars such as Tabari, Rhazes, Haly Abbas, Avicenna and Jurjani (1137 CE). Traditional Chinese and Iranian medicine play an important role in sustainable agriculture and food systems, it also offers a holistic approach to prevent diseases while making appropriate use of organic and herbal products especially growth by small-scale family farmers. Both Iranian and Chinese traditional medicines may help to balance temperature, and both can be health prevention and preservation. Traditional healing practices consist of Islamic religious text based practices, Islamic worship practices and folk healing practices, Islamic religious text based practices are included spiritual healing, medicinal herbs, applied therapy and dietary prescriptions. At present, herbal medications or related products in the global market are derived from Chinese herbs, Indian herbs, Iranian herbs, Arabic herbs, and Western herbs. Herbal remedies may also be classified into three categories, namely, modern herbs, theoretical herbs, and empirical herbs, in accordance with their nature/characteristics and the nature of current usage. Traditional Chinese
Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. June 2019, 5(2): 94-99
Adolescent athlete’s knowledge, attitude and practices about menstrual hygiene management (MHM) in BKSP, Bangladesh
Authors: Asha Aklima Chowdhury , Karim Nayeema Binti , Bakhtiar Md , Rahaman Kh Shafiur 
Published: August 2019

Maintaining proper hygiene during menstruation prevents certain reproductive illnesses. For female athletes, they need to put an extra effort to keep themselves healthy at this time because of their daily strenuous activities. In this study, we assessed the level of knowledge, attitude and practices about menstrual hygiene management among adolescent trainee athletes. A cross-sectional study was carried out among adolescent trainee athletes from BKSP. Samples were chosen conveniently from different sports departments. In total, 143 Female athletes who regularly menstruate were included. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to determine the level of knowledge, attitude and practices and their associated factors. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to compare means of outcome variables. The mean ± SD age of our participant was 14.31 ± 1.48. Majority of the participants were scared during their first menstruation (39.9%). Mothers were the main source of information (84.6%). Majority of the participants had poor knowledge (56.6%) and practices (68.5%) while the level of attitude was good (67.1) regarding menstruation. Age-group was associated with knowledge score (p=0.034) regarding menstruation while family income was associated with attitude (p=0.014). Educational level of father was associated with both knowledge (p=0.049) and attitude (p=0.010). Poor level of knowledge and practices were observed among the survey respondents, though the level of attitude was satisfactory. Mothers were the primary source of information regarding menstrual hygiene. It is important to provide menstrual hygiene education to the young athletes from a reliable and formal source.
Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. June 2019, 5(2): 126-137
<i>Scythris saarelai</i> sp. n. from southern Spain and further records of <i>Scythris mariannae</i> Bengtsson, 1991 with a new synonym (Lepidoptera: Scythrididae)
Authors: Nupponen Kari , Nupponen Timo 
Published: August 2019

Scythris saarelai sp. n. is described from southern Spain. Three males and two females were collected by net in late March and early April 1998 on hot, dry slopes in two different localities. The small, dark moth is difficult to separate from many other scythridids without examining the genitalia.
Three further specimens (2 ♂♂, 1 ♀) of Scythris mariannae Bengtsson, 1991, a species previously known only by the male holotype, were found in Spain, prov. Malaga. The external appearance of these specimens differs from the habitus of the holotype. However, the male genitalia are identical. The examination of the female genitalia was showed that Scythris annae Bengtsson, 1997 syn. n. is a junior synonym of S. mariannae.
Reviews:
Authors: Meyer-Rochow V. Benno , Biström Olof 
Published: August 2019

Howard, F. W., Moore, D., Giblin-Davis, R. M., & Abad, R. G. 2001: Palm Trees and their Insects. — CABI Publishing, Oxford. 400 pp. Price £58.50.
Nilsson, A. N. 2001: Dytiscidae (Coleoptera). World Catalogue of Insects. 3. — Apollo Books, Stenstrup, Denmark. 395 pp. ISBN 87-88757-62- 5. Price 690 DKK.
Löbl, I. & Smetana, A. (eds.) 2003: Catalogue of Palaearctic Coleoptera. 1. Archostemata- Myxophaga-Adephaga. — Apollo Books, Stenstrup, Denmark. 818 pp. ISBN 87-88757-73- 0. Price 900 DKK.
HİTİT DÖNEMİ ANADOLU’SUNDA MEYVE AĞAÇLARI
Authors: ÜNAR Şükrü 
Published: August 2019

İnsanlık tarihindeki önemli aşamalar arasında
yer alan yerleşik hayata geçişin doğal bir sonucu olarak insanoğlu tarımsal
üretime başlamıştır. Tarım üretimi
doğada yabani şekilde yetişen bitki ve ağaçların kontrol altına alınması ile
olmuştur. Bu devrimin sonucunda binlerce yıl avcı ve toplayıcı olarak yaşayan
insan toprağa yerleşerek tarım ürünleri üretmeye başlamıştır. Üretim
faaliyetleri ile insanoğlu birinci dereceden ihtiyacı olan beslenme sorununa
çözüm bulmuştur. Avcı ve toplayıcı dönemden itibaren yaşadıkları coğrafyanın
bitki örtüsü ile içi içe olan insanoğlu, bu işbirliğini yerleşik yaşama
geçtikten sonrada sürdürmüştür. Avcı-toplayıcı dönemde doğanın kendilerine
sundukları bitkiler ile beslenen insanlar yerleşik hayata geçince doğanın
sunduğu bu bitkileri ekip-dikmek suretiyle kendi kontrollerine
almışlardır. İnsanoğlunun besin tüketimi
içerisinde önemli bir yere sahip olan meyve/meyve ağaçları Anadolu’nun çeşitli
bölgelerinde doğal, iklimsel ve topografik şartların uygunluğundan dolayı bolca
yetişmektedir. Anadolu’da yaşayan toplumlar için tarihin her döneminde meyve
ağaçları önemli bir besin kaynağı olmuştur. Orta Anadolu’da M.Ö. 1650-1250 yılları
arasında hüküm süren Hitit Devleti de Anadolu coğrafyasının sunmuş olduğu
zengin meyve ağacı çeşitliliğinden yararlanmıştır. Anadolu’nun değişik
bölgelerinde kurulan Hitit yerleşimlerinden ele geçirilen çivi yazılı
tabletlerde meyve/meyve ağaçları hakkında çeşitli bilgiler yer almaktadır. Bu
makalede Hitit Dönemi Anadolu’sunda yetişen/yetiştirilen bazı meyve/meyve
ağaçlarının tüketim ve kullanım hakkında bilgiler yer alacaktır.