bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experimental ischaemic stroke induces transient cardiac atrophy and dysfunction
Authors: Veltkamp Roland , Uhlmann Stefan , Marinescu Marilena , Sticht Carsten , Finke Daniel , Gretz Norbert , Gröne Herrmann‐Josef , Katus Hugo A. , Backs Johannes , Lehmann Lorenz H. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractBackgroundStroke can lead to cardiac dysfunction in patients, but the mechanisms underlying the interaction between the injured brain and the heart are poorly understood. The objective of the study is to investigate the effects of experimental murine stroke on cardiac function and molecular signalling in the heart.Methods and resultsMice were subjected to filament‐induced left middle cerebral artery occlusion for 30 or 60 min or sham surgery and underwent repetitive micro‐echocardiography. Left ventricular contractility was reduced early (24–72 h) but not late (2 months) after brain ischaemia. Cardiac dysfunction was accompanied by a release of high‐sensitive cardiac troponin (hsTNT (ng/ml): d1: 7.0 ± 1.0 vs. 25.0 ± 3.2*; d3: 7.3 ± 1.1 vs. 52.2 ± 16.7*; d14: 5.7 ± 0.8 vs. 5.2 ± 0.3; sham vs. 60 min. MCAO; mean ± SEM; *p < 0.05); reduced heart weight (heart weight/tibia length ratio: d1: 6.9 ± 0.2 vs. 6.4 ± 0.1*; d3: 6.7 ± 0.2 vs. 5.8 ± 0.1*; d14: 6.7 ± 0.2 vs. 6.4 ± 03; sham vs. 60 min. MCAO; mean ± SEM; *p < 0.05); resulting from cardiomyocyte atrophy (cardiomyocyte size: d1: 12.8% ± 0.002**; d3: 13.5% ± 0.002**; 14d: 6.3% ± 0.003*; 60 min. MCAO vs. sham; mean ± SEM; **p < 0.01; *p < 0.05), accompanied by increased atrogin‐1 and the E3 ubiquitin ligase murf‐1. Net norepinephrine but not synthesis was increased, suggesting a reduced norepinephrine release or an increase of norepinephrine re‐uptake, resulting in a functional denervation. Transcriptome analysis in cardiac tissue identified the transcription factor peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor gamma as a potential mediator of stroke‐induced transcriptional dysregulation involved in cardiac atrophy.ConclusionsStroke induces a complex molecular response in the heart muscle with immediate but transient cardiac atrophy and dysfunction.
Left ventricular rotation and torsion in neonates and infants younger than three months with symptomatic ventricular septal defect: Acute effects from open heart surgery
Authors: Kwon Jung Eun , Kim Yeo Hyang 
Published: October 2018

AbstractPurposeWe evaluated ventricular rotation, torsion, and strain changes in infants using preoperative and postoperative M‐mode echocardiography after early surgery for symptomatic ventricular septal defects (VSD).MethodsThirty‐five patients with VSD underwent vector velocity imaging echocardiography before and after open heart surgery. Their rotational variables were compared with 18 controls.ResultsAll the patients (19 boys and 16 girls; median age: 44.4 days; range: 13‐84 days) showed normal septal motion preoperatively; however, septal motion changed into flat septum or paradoxical septal motion after surgery. Left ventricular end‐diastolic internal dimension and fractional shortening significantly decreased after surgery (P = .001 and P = .000). Patients showed significant postoperative reduction of peak systolic apical rotation and maximal torsion (P = .010 and P = .000). Peak systolic basal rotation decreased after surgery but it was not significantly (P = .106). No significant differences were found in longitudinal and circumferential systolic strains between patients and controls.ConclusionAbnormal motion of the ventricular septum was confirmed by postoperative M‐mode echocardiography. Decreased rotation/torsion variables may reflect postoperative changes of ventricular loading conditions. Because systolic strain was preserved, postoperative echocardiographic results should not be interpreted as abnormal or decreased ventricular function.
Hemochromatosis associated with cholelithiasis as a cause of hydrops fetalis and stillbirth: Prenatal diagnosis
Authors: Darouich Sihem , Boujelbène Nadia , Amraoui Jihen , Amraoui Naima , Masmoudi Aida 
Published: October 2018

AbstractPrenatal diagnosis of neonatal hemochromatosis (NH) is usually raised in front of fetal hepatomegaly and heterogeneous liver architecture. We describe a novel sonographic feature that may be associated with NH. Ultrasound demonstrated reticulonodular liver and distended gallbladder with multiple gallstones in a hydropic fetus. These abnormalities were confirmed to be consistent with NH after correlation with autopsy findings. This case report highlights the value of cholelithiasis in clinical suspicion of NH and the importance to consider this sonographic feature when the liver has abnormal texture.
Design, Synthesis, and In Vitro Anti‐Mycobacterial Activities of Tetraethylene Glycol Tethered Isatin Dimers
Authors: Zhao Shi‐Jia , Lv Zao‐Sheng , Shi Lin , Zhao Shuang‐Qi , Xu Zhi 
Published: October 2018

A new class of istain dimers tethered by tetraethylene glycol was designed, synthesized, and evaluated for their in vitro anti‐mycobacterial activities against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv and multidrug‐resistant M. tuberculosis strains. Our results indicated that all the synthesized hybrids exhibited promising anti‐mycobacterial activities against the tested strains and the enriched structure–activity relationship may pave the way to further rational development of istain dimers with a unique mechanism of action different from that of the currently used drugs to overcome the resistance.
Synthesis and Evaluation of Some Phenyl Substituted Azetidine Containing 1, 2, 4‐triazole Derivatives as Antibacterial Agents
Authors: Dhall Esha , Jain Sonika , Mishra Achal , Dwivedi Jaya , Sharma Swapnil 
Published: October 2018

A novel series of phenyl substituted azetidine containing 1, 2, 4‐triazole derivatives 7(a–j) were synthesized and characterized by IR, 1HNMR, 13CNMR, and mass spectroscopy. Synthesized 1, 2, 4‐triazole derivatives were subsequently assayed in vitro to investigate their antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Escherichia coli using broth dilution method. Compounds 7c, 7d, and 7e exhibited potent inhibitory activities as compared to standard cefotaxime. Further, fluorescence spectral studies were also carried out to ascertain the antibacterial potential of compound 7c against two bacterial strains, that is, P. aeruginosa and S. aureus. In docking studies, all the compounds exhibited good docking scores between −12.04 and −11.36 kcal/mol and indicated that compounds could act through inhibition of bacterial DNA gyrase (PDB ID 3U2D). Among all, 7c has shown the maximum docking score and found in agreement to in vitro studies. In conclusion, synthesized 1, 2, 4‐triazole derivatives holds substantial caliber to be categorized as antibacterial agents.
Exploring the prevalence and experience of mask anxiety for the person with head and neck cancer undergoing radiotherapy
Authors: Nixon Jodie L. , Cartmill Bena , Turner Jane , Pigott Amanda E. , Brown Elizabeth , Wall Laurelie R. , Ward Elizabeth C. , Porceddu Sandro V. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractIntroductionWhile use of a thermoplastic mask during radiotherapy (RT) treatment for head and neck cancer (HNC) is an essential component of safe patient care, there is little understanding of the extent to which this evokes anxiety (i.e. “mask anxiety”) for the person undergoing treatment.MethodsA mixed method, convergent design was used to examine the prevalence and experience of mask anxiety using two clinical cohorts. In phase one, a cohort of 100 patients undergoing RT for HNC were assessed for self‐perceived mask anxiety using a modified distress thermometer screening tool. In phase two, a separate cohort of 20 patients who identified as having mask anxiety participated in individual interpretative descriptive interviews to explore the nature of their experience.ResultsIn phase one, 26% of participants self‐identified as being anxious about the use of a thermoplastic mask. In phase two thematic analysis of the interviews revealed two over‐arching themes relating to the person's experience of mask anxiety: contributors to the mask anxiety (vulnerability, response to experience and expectations); and how the person was going to manage the mask anxiety during treatment (strategies and mindset).ConclusionsMask anxiety impacted a quarter of participants undergoing radiotherapy for HNC. In line with the themes elicited from the participants, implementation of routine screening to ensure early identification, and patient education to assist preparation for wearing the mask during RT are strategies that could improve current management of mask anxiety.
“Embedded” at hire? Predicting the voluntary and involuntary turnover of new employees
Authors: Rubenstein Alex L. , Kammeyer‐Mueller John D. , Wang Mo , Thundiyil Tomas G. 
Published: October 2018

SummaryEmbeddedness theory has been invoked to describe factors that constrain employee turnover, such as fit with the environment, interpersonal links, and potentially sacrificed benefits. In contrast with previous assumptions that embeddedness requires considerable time to develop on the job, we extend theory by demonstrating how biographical characteristics (i.e., biodata), assessed at or before the point of hire, are related to individual's propensity to be embedded, while also showing how such characteristics predict one's future turnover likelihood. Beyond voluntary turnover, we also build embeddedness‐based theoretical explanations for involuntary turnover (i.e., terminations). To test these ideas, we conducted two studies at and before employees' point of hire, respectively: Study 1 examined how assessed biodata items of new employees relate to established embeddedness measures, whereas Study 2 linked the same biodata items assessed during the application process to employees' future involuntary, avoidable voluntary, and unavoidable voluntary turnover. Study 1 results revealed various biodata items predicted embeddedness in two distinct samples. In Study 2, results showed that biodata predicted turnover forms in unique ways. Our study highlights the utility of point‐of‐hire embeddedness propensity as a means to explain organizational exit, thereby demonstrating how organizations can use embeddedness tenets for employee recruitment and selection purposes.
Good correlation between bone tracer uptake in SPECT/CT and intraoperative findings of chondral lesions graded with the ICRS scoring
Authors: Ammann Nora , Schiapparelli Filippo‐Franco , Moser Lukas B. , Rasch Helmut , Amsler Felix , Hirschmann Michael T. 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACTThe question if bone tracer uptake in SPECT/CT reflects the intraoperative cartilage status of the knee is still unanswered. In this study, thirty‐three consecutive patients (male:female = 11:22; mean age ± standard deviation 61 ± 15) with bi‐ or tri‐compartmental knee osteoarthritis who underwent SPECT/CT before total knee arthroplasty (TKA) were collected. The knee was graded in eleven different anatomical regions. In each region, the maximal relative bone tracer uptake (mrBTU) was measured twice by two observers with a six weeks interval. The intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) showed excellent correlations and mean values were used. Intraoperatively every region was assessed with the macroscopic International Cartilage Repair Society (ICRS) scoring. A factorial analysis and a non‐parametrical Spearman's correlation were calculated among the 11 knee regions on both mrBTU and ICRS scores and significant correlations were seen between regions belonging to the same knee compartment (p < 0.05). A non‐parametrical Spearman's correlation was also performed to investigate the correlation between rmBTU in SPECT/CT and intraoperative ICRS cartilage grading. Significant correlations were seen on the medial compartment, on the proximal femoral trochlea and on the medial patellar facet (p < 0.05). A significant correlation between SPECT/CT and intraoperative findings was so demonstrated in several regions. The low accuracy of the macroscopic ICRS scoring system on grade I–II lesions could have affected the missing correlations on the lateral compartment since the selected presented mainly a varus gonarthrosis. The use of an objective measure as the rmBTU could overcome the limit of the subjectivity of MRI findings in early osteoarthritis. © 2018 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 37:522–528, 2019.
Low frequency pulsed electromagnetic field promotes the recovery of neurological function after spinal cord injury in rats
Authors: Li Ziyu , Yao Fei , Cheng Li , Cheng Wendan , Qi Lei , Yu Shuisheng , Zhang Liqian , Zha Xiaowei , Jing Juehua 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACTLow frequency pulsed electromagnetic field (LFPEMF) has been shown to provide anti‐inflammatory and antioxidative effects. However, there are no reports on whether LFPEMF can treat spinal cord injury (SCI) and its therapeutic mechanism. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate whether LFPEMF can promote the recovery of neurological function after SCI in rats and its therapeutic mechanism. Basso‐Beattie‐Bresnahan (BBB) score and transcranial magnetic motor‐evoked potentials (tcMMEPs) were recorded to assess the recovery of neurological function. Hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining and luxol fast blue (LFB) staining were performed to assess the severity of SCI. Immunofluorescence (IF) staining and western blotting (WB) were performed to assess the differentiation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) into oligodendrocytes (OLs). Toluidine blue (TB) staining was performed to assess remyelination. WB and enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) were performed to assess the expression of neurotrophins and inflammatory factors. Our results showed that following stimulation by LFPEMF, there were significant improvements in BBB scores, tcMMEP amplitudes, the extent of the damage, and reduced demyelination in rats after SCI. The mature OLs, the number of well‐myelinated fibers, and the myelin sheath thickness significantly increased in rats stimulated by LFPEMF after SCI. The expression of neurotrophins significantly increased, and the expression of inflammatory factors significantly decreased in rats stimulated by LFPEMF after SCI. Therefore, we suggest that LFPEMF can promote the recovery of neurological function in rats after SCI by improving the differentiation of OPCs into OLs and promoting remyelination, as well as by inhibiting inflammation and promoting neurotrophic effects. © 2018 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 37:449–456, 2019.
The economic growth and development effects of China's One Belt, One Road Initiative
Authors: Enderwick Peter 
Published: October 2018

AbstractChina's One Belt One Road (OBOR) initiative should increase the efficiency of resource movements and trade, integrate previously marginalized regions and economies, and strengthen China's economic and strategic position. The article evaluates the likely economic impact on trade and growth of China's OBOR initiative. It examines approaches based on historical experience, comparable program, and simulations. It finds that its benefits will not be shared equally, and unsurprisingly, China is the primary beneficiary. The complexity, embryonic stage, and significant challenges surrounding the initiative mean that any evaluation is highly tentative.
China's outward foreign direct investment to Bangladesh: Perspectives of the host country stakeholders
Authors: Wahed Mohammad Shakil , Rahman Mizan 
Published: October 2018

AbstractFor Chinese FDI enterprises in Bangladesh, the business community has emerged as a “dangerous stakeholder” group, while both the labor community and policymakers have emerged as “dominant stakeholder” groups under the broad class of expectant stakeholders. In many countries, there have been critical reactions to the emergence of Chinese multinationals as foreign investors.
What's good for business growth: Implications of innovativeness and price sensitivity for firms in developing countries
Authors: Hasan Rajibul , Jha Ashish Kumar 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThere are selective innovative features and reasons for innovation that drive firm growth. Various reasons are analyzed which are behind the innovation decisions undertaken by the firms and innovative features' effects on revenue growth in Bangladeshi firms to better understand the preferred determinants in certain geographic areas. This research investigates how the features of firm‐level innovation and the reasons to launch it can affect the revenue growth of firms in developing countries. The findings suggest innovative features that are less expensive to offer lead to higher revenue growth and offer strategic implications for firms implementing innovations in developing countries.
The Effects of Amide Bonds and Aromatic Rings on the Surface Properties and Antimicrobial Activity of Cationic Surfactants
Authors: He Xianyou , Wang Liyan , Wu Jianglei , Yang Jia , Ma Wenhui , Bai Liming , Zhao Bing , Song Bo 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe cationic surfactants containing aromatic rings and amide bonds, N,N‐dimethyl‐N‐dodecyl‐2‐pyrimidinylcarbamoylmethyl ammonium chloride (a), N,N‐dimethyl‐N‐dodecyl‐2‐thiazolylcarbamoylmethyl ammonium chloride (b), and N,N‐dimethyl‐N‐dodecyl‐phenylcarbamoylmethyl ammonium chloride (c), were synthesized and characterized. The surface tension and conductivity values were employed to investigate the absorption and micellization behavior of the three cationic surfactants. The results showed that the synthesized surfactants have shown a low critical micelle concentration (CMC) and a high adsorption efficiency (pC20) compared with the traditional cationic surfactant of N,N‐dimethyl‐N‐dodecyl‐N‐benzyl ammonium chloride (BAC‐12). The aromatic rings of the a, b, and c molecular structures were analyzed using the 1H NMR spectra for electrostatic repulsion effects between hydrophilic headgroups. The size distribution of the micelles was derived using dynamic light scattering (DLS) techniques. In addition, the foaming ability of a, b, c, and BAC‐12 was investigated and the antimicrobial activity of a, b, c, and BAC‐12 against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Bacillus subtilis was examined. The effects of amide bonds and aromatic rings on the surface properties and antimicrobial activity of a, b, and c were analyzed and compared with BAC‐12 of the same alkyl chain length. The synthesized surfactants exhibited a high surface ability and better antibacterial activity compared with BAC‐12.
Green extraction of mulberry anthocyanin with improved stability using β‐cyclodextrin
Authors: Xie Jiahong , Xu Yang , Shishir Mohammad RI , Zheng Xiaodong , Chen Wei 
Published: October 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDMulberry anthocyanin is reported to possess various biological activities and it is unstable during extraction or food production. The use of organic solvents for extraction of mulberry anthocyanins may cause environmental pollution and safety concerns. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of a green extraction solvent (cyclodextrin) on the recovery of anthocyanin from mulberry fruits, as well as the thermal stability of anthocyanin.RESULTSβ‐Cyclodextrin (β‐CD) or hydroxypropyl‐β‐cyclodextrin showed better anthocyanin extraction efficiency than water and ethanol aqueous solution for all tested mulberry cultivars. A molecular docking study indicated that anthocyanin (cyanidin‐3‐O‐glucoside) was encapsulated in the cavity of β‐CD, thus enhancing the solubility of anthocyanin. The extraction process was subsequently optimized using a Box–Behnken design. The optimal extraction conditions for anthocyanin and antioxidant activity were found at extraction temperature of 20 °C, extraction time of 44.95 min and β‐CD concentration of 45 g L−1. Furthermore, a degradation kinetic study demonstrated that addition of β‐CD could significantly improve the thermal stability of anthocyanin during extraction, with the activation energy of anthocyanin degradation increasing from 63.06 to 76.77 kJ mol−1.CONCLUSIONSOverall, our study suggests that β‐CD is an alternative green extraction solvent for the recovery of anthocyanins, and addition of β‐CD may potentially increase the thermal stability of anthocyanin during the extraction, which may give guidance for functional beverage production. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Evaluation of total phenolic content in virgin olive oil using fluorescence excitation–emission spectroscopy coupled with chemometrics
Authors: Squeo Giacomo , Caponio Francesco , Paradiso Vito M , Summo Carmine , Pasqualone Antonella , Khmelinskii Igor , Sikorska Ewa 
Published: October 2018

AbstractBackgroundDetermination of the total phenolic content (TPC) in olive oils is of great interest, as phenolic compounds affect the health benefits, sensory attributes and oxidative stability of olive oils. The aim of this study was to explore the feasibility of direct front‐face fluorescence measurements coupled with chemometrics for developing multivatiate models for discrimination between virgin olive oils with low and high TPC and determination of TPC concentration.ResultsParallel factor analysis and principal component analysis of fluorescence excitation–emission matrices (EEMs) of virgin olive oils revealed different fluorescent properties for samples with low and high TPC. A perfect discrimination of oils with low and high TPC was achieved using partial least squares (PLS) discriminant analysis. The best regression model for the prediction of TPC was based on the PLS analysis of the unfolded entire EEMs (R2 = 0.951, RPD = 4.0).ConclusionsThe results show the potential of fluorescence spectroscopy for direct screening of virgin olive oils for TPC. This may contribute to the development of fast screening methods for TPC assessment, providing an alternative to conventional assays. The procedure is environmentally friendly and fulfils the requirements for green analytical chemistry. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
How Many Cores Does Systematic Prostate Biopsy Need?: A Large‐Sample Retrospective Analysis
Authors: Hu Zhengming , Wang Jinrui , Sun Desheng , Cui Ligang , Ran Weiqiang 
Published: October 2018

ObjectivesTo explore the best individualized systematic prostate biopsy method.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 1211 patients who underwent 12‐core systematic prostate biopsy guided by transrectal ultrasound from January 2011 to March 2018. Other biopsy core methods (6‐, 8‐, and 10‐core) were estimated from the 12‐core biopsy that was performed. Differences in the detection rates of prostate cancer (PCa) and clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa) were compared.ResultsA total of 498 cases of PCa (41.1%) were detected, and 423 cases (34.9%) were csPCa. There was no significant difference between the 12‐ and 10‐core prostate biopsy strategies in the total detection rates of PCa and csPCa (P > .05). In the subgroup of patients with a maximal prostate cross‐sectional area of less than 15 cm2, there was a significant difference between the 12‐core method and the standard 6‐core method (P = .03) but no significant differences between the other methods in the detection rate of PCa (P > .05), but in the detection rate of csPCa, the 12‐core method differed significantly from the other methods (P = .02–.04) except for the 10‐core method (P > .05). In patients with a prostate‐specific antigen concentration of 20 ng/mL or higher, there were no significant differences between the 12‐core method and all of the other methods (P > 0.05). In patients younger than 70 years and 70 years or older, the 12‐core method differed significantly from the other methods (P < .01–.03) except for the 10‐core method (P > .05).ConclusionsTen‐ or 12‐core biopsy showed a higher detection rate than the other schemes. However, for patients with a prostate‐specific antigen concentration of 20 ng/mL or higher, the 6‐core systematic biopsy is preferred.