bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of nationwide implementation of work-related medical rehabilitation in Germany: propensity score matched analysis
Authors: Bethge Matthias , Markus Miriam , Streibelt Marco , Gerlich Christian , Schuler Michael 
Published: October 2019

ObjectivesSince 2014, the Federal German Pension Insurance has approved several departments to implement work-related medical rehabilitation programmes across Germany. Our cohort study was launched to assess the effects of work-related medical rehabilitation under real-life conditions.MethodsParticipants received either a common or a work-related medical rehabilitation programme. Propensity score matching was used to identify controls that were comparable to work-related medical rehabilitation patients. The effects were assessed by patient-reported outcome measures 10 months after completing the rehabilitation programme.ResultsWe compared 641 patients who were treated in work-related medical rehabilitation with 641 matched controls. Only half of the treated patients had high initial work disability risk scores and were intended to be reached by the new programmes. The dose of work-related components was on average in accordance with the guideline; however, the heterogeneity was high. Work-related medical rehabilitation increased the proportion of patients returning to work by 5.8 percentage points (95% CI 0.005 to 0.110), decreased the median time to return to work by 9.46 days (95% CI -18.14 to -0.79), and improved self-rated work ability by 0.38 points (95% CI 0.05 to 0.72) compared with common medical rehabilitation. A per-protocol analysis revealed that work-related medical rehabilitation was more effective if patients were assigned according to the guideline and the minimal mandatory treatment dose was actually delivered.ConclusionsThe implementation of work-related medical rehabilitation in German rehabilitation centres affected work participation outcomes. Improving guideline fidelity (reach and dose delivered) will probably improve the outcomes in real-world care.Trial Registration NumberDRKS00009780
Morbidity and mortality of domestic rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) under primary veterinary care in England
Authors: O'Neill Dan G , Craven Hermien C , Brodbelt David C , Church David B , Hedley Joanna 
Published: October 2019

BackgroundThe domestic rabbit is a common pet species, but limited research exists on the health of pet rabbits. This study aimed to characterise common disorders of pet rabbits and reasons for mortality as recorded by veterinary practices in England.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study covered anonymised clinical records of 6349 rabbits attending 107 primary veterinary care clinics.ResultsThe median age was 3.2 years (interquartile range (IQR) 1.6–5.1), and the median adult bodyweight was 2.1 kg (IQR 1.7–2.6). The most common breed types were domestic (n=2022, 31.9 per cent), lop (1675, 26.4 per cent) and Netherland dwarf (672, 10.6 per cent). For those rabbits that died during the study period, the median age at death was 4.3 years (IQR 2.1–7.0). The most common causes of death were recorded as myiasis (prevalence 10.9 per cent, 95 per cent confidence interval (CI): 7.4 to 15.2), anorexia (4.9 per cent, 95 per cent CI: 4.0 to 10.4), recumbency/collapse (4.9 per cent, 95 per cent CI: 4.0 to 10.4) and ileus (4.3 per cent, 95 per cent CI: 3.5 to 9.5). The most prevalent specific disorders recorded were overgrown claw/nails (16.0 per cent, 95 per cent CI: 14.5 to 17.5), overgrown molar(s) (7.6 per cent, 95 per cent CI: 6.6 to 8.7), perineal soiling (4.5 per cent, 95 per cent CI: 3.7 to 5.4), overgrown incisor(s) (4.3 per cent, 95 per cent CI: 3.5 to 5.2) and ileus (4.2 per cent, 95 per cent CI: 3.4 to 5.0).ConclusionsThis study augments the limited evidence base on rabbit health and can assist veterinarians to better advise owners on optimal animal husbandry priorities.
A 3-3-1 model with low scale seesaw mechanisms
Authors: Cárcamo Hernández A. E. , Hidalgo Velásquez Yocelyne , Pérez-Julve Nicolás A. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
We construct a viable 3-3-1 model with two $$SU(3)_L$$SU(3)L scalar triplets, extended fermion and scalar spectrum, based on the $$T^{\prime }$$T′ family symmetry and other auxiliary cyclic symmetries, whose spontaneous breaking yields the observed pattern of SM fermion mass spectrum and fermionic mixing parameters. In our model the SM quarks lighter than the top quark, get their masses from a low scale Universal seesaw mechanism, the SM charged lepton masses are produced by a Froggatt-Nielsen mechanism and the small light active neutrino masses are generated from an inverse seesaw mechanism. The model is consistent with the low energy SM fermion flavor data and successfully accommodates the current Higgs diphoton decay rate and predicts charged lepton flavor violating decays within the reach of the forthcoming experiments.
Ring Finger Protein 213 Variant and Plaque Characteristics, Vascular Remodeling, and Hemodynamics in Patients With Intracranial Atherosclerotic Stroke: A High‐Resolution Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Hemodynamic Study
Authors: Choi Eun‐Hyeok , Lee Hanul , Chung Jong‐Won , Seo Woo‐Keun , Kim Gyeong‐Moon , Ki Chang‐Seok , Kim Yoon‐Chul , Bang Oh Young 
Published: October 2019

Background

Intracranial atherosclerotic stroke is prevalent in Asians. We hypothesized that patients with the ring finger protein 213 (
RNF213
) variant, a susceptibility locus for moyamoya disease in Asians, have different neuroimaging characteristics in terms of the vessel wall and hemodynamics.

Methods and Results

We analyzed consecutive patients with ischemic events in middle cerebral artery distribution and relevant plaques of the distal internal carotid artery or proximal middle cerebral artery on high‐resolution magnetic resonance imaging. Patients with carotid/cardiac sources of embolism or moyamoya disease were excluded. High‐resolution magnetic resonance imaging features (eg, outer vessel diameters and plaque characteristics) and fractional flow (as measured by adjusted signal intensity ratio on time‐of‐flight magnetic resonance angiography) were compared between
RNF213
p.Arg4810Lys variant carriers and noncarriers. Among 144 patients included, 44 (29.9%) had the
RNF213
variant. Clinical characteristics, including age, sex, body mass index, and vascular risk factors, were not significantly different between
RNF213
variant carriers and noncarriers. However, the outer vessel diameter was smaller in
RNF213
variant carriers than in noncarriers (
P
<0.0001 for middle cerebral artery of relevant stenosis [2.05‐mm analysis of RNF213 gene for moyamoya disease in the Chinese HAN population 2.75 mm];
P
<0.0001 for contralateral side [2.42 versus 3.00 mm] and
P
<0.001 for basilar artery [3.19 versus 3.53 mm]). Other high‐resolution magnetic resonance imaging features, including plaque morphology and eccentricity, were not significantly different. Fractional flow was diminished in patients with smaller‐diameter intracranial arteries with a similar degree of stenosis.

Conclusions

The
RNF213
variant may be associated with vasculogenesis, but not with atherogenesis. Patients with this variant had small intracranial arteries predisposing hemodynamic compromise in the presence of intracranial atherosclerosis. In addition to antiatherosclerotic strategies, further studies are warranted to develop novel therapeutic strategies against
RNF213
vasculopathy in Asians.
From NEON Field Sites to Data Portal: A Community Resource for Surface–Atmosphere Research Comes Online
Authors: Metzger Stefan , Ayres Edward , Durden David , Florian Christopher , Lee Robert , Lunch Claire , Luo Hongyan , Pingintha-Durden Natchaya , Roberti Joshua A. , SanClements Michael , Sturtevant Cove , Xu Ke , Zulueta Rommel C. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe National Ecological Observatory Network (NEON) is a multidecadal and continental-scale observatory with sites across the United States. Having entered its operational phase in 2018, NEON data products, software, and services become available to facilitate research on the impacts of climate change, land-use change, and invasive species. An essential component of NEON are its 47 tower sites, where eddy-covariance (EC) sensors are operated to determine the surface–atmosphere exchange of momentum, heat, water, and CO2. EC tower networks such as AmeriFlux, the Integrated Carbon Observation System (ICOS), and NEON are vital for providing the distributed observations to address interactions at the soil–vegetation–atmosphere interface. NEON represents the largest single-provider EC network globally, with standardized observations and data processing explicitly designed for intersite comparability and analysis of feedbacks across multiple spatial and temporal scales. Furthermore, EC is tightly integrated with soil, meteorology, atmospheric chemistry, isotope, phenology, and rich contextual observations such as airborne remote sensing and in situ sampling bouts. Here, we present an overview of NEON’s observational design, field operation, and data processing that yield community resources for the study of surface–atmosphere interactions. Near-real-time data products become available from the NEON Data Portal, and EC and meteorological data are ingested into AmeriFlux and FLUXNET globally harmonized data releases. Open-source software for reproducible, extensible, and portable data analysis includes the eddy4R family of R packages underlying the EC data product generation. These resources strive to integrate with existing infrastructures and networks, to suggest novel systemic solutions, and to synergize ongoing research efforts across science communities.
Trust Mediating Reliability–Reliance Relationship in Supervisory Control of Human–Swarm Interactions
Authors: Hussein Aya , Elsawah Sondoss , Abbass Hussein A. 
Published: October 2019

Objective This work aims to further test the theory that trust mediates the interdependency between automation reliability and the rate of human reliance on automation. Background Human trust in automation has been the focus of many research studies. Theoretically, trust has been proposed to impact human reliance on automation by mediating the relationship between automation reliability and the rate of human reliance. Experimentally, however, the results are contradicting as some confirm the mediating role of trust, whereas others deny it. Hence, it is important to experimentally reinvestigate this role of trust and understand how the results should be interpreted in the light of existing theory. Method Thirty-two subjects supervised a swarm of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in foraging missions in which the swarm provided recommendations on whether or not to collect potential targets, based on the information sensed by the UAVs. By manipulating the reliability of the recommendations, we observed changes in participants’ trust and their behavioral responses. Results A within-subject mediation analysis revealed a significant mediation role of trust in the relationship between swarm reliability and reliance rate. High swarm reliability increased the rate of correct acceptances, but decreased the rate of correct rejections. No significant effect of reliability was found on response time. Conclusion Trust is not a mere by-product of the interaction; it possesses a predictive power to estimate the level of reliance on automation. Application The mediation role of trust confirms the significance of trust calibration in determining the appropriate level of reliance on swarm automation.
In Vivo Anterior Cruciate Ligament Deformation During a Single-Legged Jump Measured by Magnetic Resonance Imaging and High-Speed Biplanar Radiography
Authors: Englander Zoë A. , Baldwin Edward L. , Smith Wyatt A.R. , Garrett William E. , Spritzer Charles E. , DeFrate Louis E. 
Published: October 2019

Background: The in vivo mechanics of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and its bundles during dynamic activities are not completely understood. An improved understanding of how the ACL stabilizes the knee is likely to aid in the identification and prevention of injurious maneuvers. Purpose/Hypothesis: The purpose was to measure in vivo ACL strain during a single-legged jump through use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and high-speed biplanar radiography. We hypothesized that ACL strain would increase with the knee near extension, and a peak in ACL strain would occur just before landing from the jump, potentially due to quadriceps contraction in anticipation of landing. Study Design: Descriptive laboratory study. Methods: Models of the femur, tibia, and ACL attachment sites of 8 male participants were generated from MRI scans through use of solid modeling. High-speed biplanar radiographs were obtained from these participants as they performed a single-legged jump. The bone models were registered to the biplanar radiographs, thereby reproducing the in vivo positions of the joint throughout the jump. ACL and bundle elongations were defined as the centroid to centroid distances between attachment sites for each knee position. ACL strain was defined as ACL length normalized to its length measured in the position of the knee at the time of MRI. Results: Peaks in ACL strain were observed before toe-off and 55 ± 35 milliseconds before initial ground contact. These peaks were associated with the knee positioned at low flexion angles. Mean ACL strain was inversely related to mean flexion angle (rho = −0.73, P < .001), such that ACL strain generally increased with knee extension throughout the jumping motion. ACL bundle lengths were significantly (rho > 0.85, P < .001) correlated with overall ACL length. Conclusion: These findings provide insight into how landing in extension can increase the risk of ACL injury. Specifically, this study shows that peak ACL strain can occur just before landing from a single-legged jump. Thus, when an individual lands on an extended knee, the ACL is relatively taut, which may make it particularly vulnerable to injury, especially in the presence of a movement perturbation or unanticipated change in landing strategy. Clinical Relevance: This study provides a novel measurement of dynamic ACL strain during an athletic maneuver and lends insight into how landing in extension can increase the likelihood of ACL failure.
Comparison of carpet and toothbrush techniques for the detection of Microsporum canis in cats
Authors: Santana Aline E , Taborda Carlos P , Filgueira Kilder D , Sellera Fábio P , Larsson Carlos E , Reche-Junior Archivaldo 
Published: October 2019

Objectives The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic concordance between the toothbrush and carpet techniques for the detection of Microsporum canis in cats in a field study. Methods Thirty-nine Persian cats from a cattery were used. Fungal culture samples from the haircoat of each cat were collected by stroking the coat with a sterile toothbrush and a 5 × 5 cm-sized sterile carpet square (n = 78 total samples). Specimens were inoculated onto Mycosel Agar and incubated at 25°C for 21 days. Both techniques were compared using the following parameters: number of plates without fungal growth, number of plates with contaminant growth and number of plates positive for dermatophytes. Results The feline population in the study cattery was 39. Thirty (77%) were symptomatic and nine (23%) asymptomatic. The diagnosis was made via carpet and toothbrush methods and 78 cultures were performed. On day 21, M canis was detected in all culture plates. No contaminant molds were observed. Conclusions and relevance The concordance rate between the carpet and toothbrush techniques among the 78 evaluable culture plates was 100%. Both methods are equally effective for collecting material for M canis culture. Additionally, both techniques are inexpensive and easy to perform in feline clinical practice.
Association of serum albumin level with incidence and mortality of overt hepatic encephalopathy in cirrhosis during hospitalization
Authors: Bai Zhaohui , Guo Xiaozhong , Tacke Frank , Li Yingying , Li Hongyu , Qi Xingshun 
Published: October 2019

Background: Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a serious complication of cirrhosis. Decreased serum albumin (ALB) level may facilitate the development of HE and accelerate the death of cirrhotic patients with HE. Recent evidence also suggests that human albumin infusion may reduce the incidence of HE and improve the outcomes of cirrhotic patients. This study aimed to explore the association of serum ALB level with the development of overt HE and HE-associated mortality during hospitalization. Methods: Cirrhotic patients admitted to our hospital between January 2010 and February 2019 were screened. Independent predictors for HE were identified by logistic regression analyses. Odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (95% CI) was calculated. Area under curve (AUC) was calculated by receiver operator characteristic curve analyses. Results: Of the 2376 included patients with cirrhosis but without HE at admission, 113 (4.8%) developed overt HE during hospitalizations. ALB level (OR = 0.878, 95% CI = 0.834–0.924) was an independent risk factor for development of overt HE. AUC of ALB level for predicting the development of overt HE was 0.770 (95% CI = 0.752–0.787, p < 0.0001), and the best cut-off value was ⩽31.6 g/l. Of the 183 included patients with cirrhosis and overt HE at admission, 20 (10.9%) died during hospitalizations. ALB level (OR = 0.864, 95% CI = 0.771–0.967) was an independent risk factor for death from overt HE. The AUC of ALB level for predicting death from overt HE was 0.737 (95% CI = 0.667–0.799, p = 0.0001), and the best cut-off value was ⩽22.8 g/l. Conclusions: Decreased serum ALB level may be associated with higher risk of overt HE and HE-associated mortality during hospitalizations in cirrhosis.
Indicator opportunistic infections after biological treatment in rheumatoid arthritis, 10 years follow-up in a real-world setting
Authors: Leon Leticia , Peñuelas Marina , Candel Francisco Javier , Freites Dalifer , Rodriguez-Rodriguez Luis , Fernandez-Gutierrez Benjamin , Jover Juan Angel , Abasolo Lydia 
Published: October 2019

Background: This research describes the incidence and factors associated with opportunistic infections in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients treated with biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (bDMARDs). Methods: A retrospective longitudinal study was carried out from 2007 to 2018. We included RA patients treated with a tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-targeted bDMARD or non-TNF-targeted bDMARD from the start of bDMARDs. An independent variable was the development of an indicator of opportunistic infection after biological (IOIb) treatment. Secondary variables included sociodemographic, clinical, and treatments. We used survival techniques to estimate the incidence of IOIb, per 1000 patient-years (95% CI). We performed a Cox multivariate regression analysis model to compare the risk of IOIb. Results were expressed as a hazard ratio (HR). Results: A total of 441 RA patients were included, that started 761 different courses of bDMARDs. A total of 81% were women with a mean age at first bDMARD of 57.3 ± 14 years. A total of 71.3% of the courses were TNF-targeted bDMARDs and 28.7% were non-TNF-targeted bDMARDs. There were 37 IOIb (25 viral, 6 fungal, 5 bacterial, 1 parasitic). Nine of these required hospitalization and one died. The global incidence of IOIb was 23.2 (16.8–32). TNF-targeted bDMARDs had 25 IOIb, incidence 20.5 (13.9–30.4), and non-TNF-targeted bDMARDs had 12 IOIb, incidence 31.7 (18–55.9). In the multivariate analysis, glucocorticosteroids (HR 2.17, p = 0.004) and lower lymphocyte count increased the risk for IOIb (HR 0.99, p = 0.005). Conclusions: The incidence of IOIb due to bDMARDs was 23 cases per 1000 patient-years. Close monitoring should be taken in the RA patients treated with bDMARDs and glucocorticosteroids, mainly in elderly patients and those with a low total lymphocyte count at the beginning of bDMARD treatment.
The impact of response kinetics for multiple myeloma in the era of novel agents
Authors: Yan Yuting , Mao Xuehan , Liu Jiahui , Fan Huishou , Du Chenxing , Li Zengjun , Yi Shuhua , Xu Yan , Lv Rui , Liu Wei , Deng Shuhui , Sui Weiwei , Wang Qi , Zou Dehui , Wang Jianxiang , Cheng Tao , Zhan Fenghuang , Tai Yu-Tzu , Yuan Chenglu , Du Xin , Qiu Lugui , Anderson Kenneth C. , An Gang 
Published: October 2019

Key Points
Early responders with MM (TBR ≤3 months) are more likely to have higher lactate dehydrogenase levels and experience inferior outcomes. The kinetic pattern of response is a simple and powerful predictor for survival of patients with MM even in the era of novel agents.
Theory and Design of the Community for successful ageing (ComSA) program in Singapore: connecting BioPsychoSocial health and quality of life experiences of older adults
Authors: Aw Su , Koh Gerald C. H. , Tan Chuen Seng , Wong Mee Lian , Vrijhoef Hubertus J. M. , Harding Susana Concordo , Geronimo Mary Ann B. , Hildon Zoe J. L. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Background
Despite the emphasis on holistic health promotion in community programs for older people, few studies explicitly consider how BioPsychoSocial (BPS) health elements are interconnected and function to improve Quality of Life (QoL). The Community for Successful Ageing (ComSA) program in Singapore focuses on Community Development (CD) initiatives for older people, accounting for BPS theory in its design and content. Biological (B) health is conceived as physiological and cognitive functioning and related biological self-care; Psychological (P) health as feelings of life satisfaction, and Social health (S) as perceived social support and civic engagement.
Furthermore, three overlapping sub-constructs are theorized to connect these elements. Namely Bio-Psychological (BP) health in terms of self-perceptions of ageing; the Psycho-Social (PS) aspects of interpersonal communication; and the Socio-Communal (SC) health in terms of civic engagement. BPS health is conceived as distinct from QoL, defined as composed of control, autonomy, self-realisation and pleasure (measured by CASP-19) of the older person.
We examined 1) interconnections of BPS constructs and related sub-constructs and 2) their associations with QoL to inform a practical, applied program theory.

Methods
A baseline survey (n = 321) of program participants (Mean = 70 years, SD = 8.73). All continuous variables were binarized as ‘high’ if the scores were above the median. Multivariate logistic regression was used to assess 1) the adjusted effect of each BPS construct on CASP-19, and 2) the odds of scoring high on one BPS construct with the odds of scoring high on a related sub-construct (e.g. B and BP health).

Results
The strongest relationship with QoL was markedly with BP self-perceptions of ageing (OR = 4.07, 95%CI = 2.21–7.49), followed by P life satisfaction (OR = 3.66, 95%CI = 2.04–6.57), PS interpersonal communication (OR = 2.42, 95%CI = 1.23–4.77), SC civic engagement (OR = 1.94, 95%CI = 1.05–3.57), and S social support (OR = 1.89, 95%CI = 1.06–3.38). Core B, P and S health were closely associated with their sub-constructs.

Conclusion
ComSA CD is tightly coupled to its proposed program theory. It offers classes to improve B self-care and BP self-perceptions of ageing, group-based guided autobiography to improve P life-satisfaction and PS interpersonal communication, and community initiatives that encourage seniors to solve community issues. This holistic approach is likely to enhance ageing experiences and QoL.