bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Downregulation of microRNA‐9 reduces inflammatory response and fibroblast proliferation in mice with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis through the ANO1‐mediated TGF‐β–Smad3 pathway
Authors: Dai Wen‐Jing , Qiu Jing , Sun Jian , Ma Chun‐Lan , Huang Na , Jiang Yi , Zeng Jun , Ren Bo‐Chen , Li Wan‐Cheng , Li Yun‐Hui 
Published: August 2018

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive interstitial lung disease with increasing occurrence, high death rates and unfavorable treatment regimens. In the current study, we identified the expression of microRNA‐9 (miR‐9) and anoctamin‐1 (ANO1) in IPF mouse models induced by bleomycin, and their effects on inflammation and fibroblast proliferation through the transforming growth factor‐β (TGF‐β)–Smad3 pathway. To verify the targeting relationship between miR‐9 and ANO1, we used bioinformatics prediction and conducted a dual‐luciferase reporter gene assay. The underlying regulatory mechanisms of miR‐9 and the target gene ANO1 were investigated mainly with the treatment of miR‐9 mimic, miR‐9 inhibitor, or siRNA against ANO1 in fibroblasts isolated from IPF mice. Enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay was performed to investigate the effect of miR‐9 or ANO1 on inflammatory factors. 3‐(4,5‐Dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay and flow cytometry were used to detect fibroblast proliferation and apoptosis. Reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis were applied to measure the expression of the TGF‐β–Smad3 pathway‐related genes. The determination of luciferase activity suggested that miR‐9 targets ANO1. Upregulation of miR‐9 or silencing of ANO1 intensified inflammation in IPF, promoted proliferation and inhibited apoptotic ability of lung fibroblasts. MiR‐9 negatively modulated ANO1, and thus activated the TGF‐β–Smad3 pathway. These findings suggest that miR‐9 can indirectly activate the TGF‐β–Smad3 pathway by inhibiting the expression of ANO1, thereby aggravating inflammation, promotes proliferation and suppressing apoptosis of lung fibroblasts in mice models of IPF.
FDA Public Meeting Report on “Drug Interactions With Hormonal Contraceptives: Public Health and Drug Development Implications”
Authors: Akbar Mohammad , Berry‐Bibee Erin , Blithe Diana L. , Day Ruth S. , Edelman Alison , Höchel Joachim , Jamshidi Roxanne , Kim Myong‐Jin , Li Li , Purohit Vivek S. , Turpin Jim A. , Scott Pamela E. , Strauss David G. , Sun Haiying , Tepper Naomi K. , Zhang Lei , Yu Chongwoo 
Published: August 2018

AbstractPotential drug interactions with hormonal contraceptives are an important public health concern. A public meeting on “Drug Interactions With Hormonal Contraceptives: Public Health and Drug Development Implication” was hosted by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The meeting endeavored to provide an opportunity for the FDA to seek input from experts on the public health concerns associated with the use of hormonal contraceptives and interacting drugs that might affect efficacy and safety, including pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic considerations, in the design of drug interaction studies of hormonal contraceptives for drug development and approaches to translating the results of drug interaction information into informative labeling and communication. The input received could be used to refine FDA's thinking on hormonal contraceptives drug interaction study design and interpretation and labeling communication of drug interaction risk. This meeting benefited from strong and diverse participation from the Center for Drug Evaluation and Research at the FDA, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institutes of Health, Swedish Medical Products Agency, pharmaceutical industry, and representatives of academia. This report provides a summary of the key discussion based on the presentations and panel discussion.
Impact of different palliative systemic treatments on skeletal muscle mass in metastatic colorectal cancer patients
Authors: Kurk Sophie A. , Peeters Petra H.M. , Dorresteijn Bram , de Jong Pim A. , Jourdan Marion , Kuijf Hugo J. , Punt Cornelis J.A. , Koopman Miriam , May Anne M. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractBackgroundObservational studies suggest that loss of skeletal muscle mass (SMM) is associated with chemotherapy‐related toxicity, poor quality of life, and poor survival in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) patients. Little is known about the evolution of SMM during palliative systemic therapy. We investigated changes in SMM during various consecutive palliative systemic treatment regimens using repeated abdominal computed tomography scans of mCRC patients who participated in the randomized phase 3 CAIRO3 study.MethodsIn the CAIRO3 study, mCRC patients with stable disease or better after 6 cycles of first‐line treatment with capecitabine + oxaliplatin + bevacizumab (CAPOX‐B) were randomized between maintenance treatment with capecitabine + bevacizumab (CAP‐B) or observation. Upon first disease progression, in both groups, CAPOX‐B or other treatment was reintroduced until the second disease progression, which was the primary study endpoint. We analysed 1355 computed tomography scans of 450 (81%) CAIRO3 patients (64 ± 9.0 years, CAP‐B n = 223; observation n = 227) for SMM at four time points (i.e. prior to the start of pre‐randomization initial treatment, at randomization, and at first and at second disease progression) using the Slice‐o‐matic software and single slice evaluation at the lumbar 3 level. By using accepted and widely used formulas, whole body SMM was calculated. A linear mixed effects model, adjusted for relevant confounders, was used to assess SMM changes for the total group and within and between study arms.ResultsDuring 6 cycles of initial treatment with CAPOX‐B prior to randomization, SMM decreased significantly in all patients [CAP‐B arm: −0.53 kg (95% CI −1.12; −0.07) and observation arm: −0.85 kg (−1.45; −0.25)]. After randomization, SMM recovered during CAP‐B treatment by 1.32 kg (0.73; 1.90) and observation by 1.20 kg (0.63; 1.78) (median time from randomization to first disease progression 8.6 and 4.1 months for CAP‐B arm and observation arm, respectively). After first progression and during reintroduction treatment with CAPOX‐B or other treatment, SMM again decreased significantly and comparable in both arms, CAP‐B: −2.71 kg (−3.37; −2.03), and observation: −2.01 kg (−2.64; −1.41) (median time from first progression until second progression CAP‐B arm: 4.7 months and observation arm: 6.6 months).ConclusionsThis longitudinal study provides a unique insight in SMM changes in mCRC patients during palliative systemic treatment regimens, including observation. Our data show that muscle loss is reversible and may be influenced by the intensity of systemic regimens. Although studies have shown prognostic capacity for SMM, the effects of subsequent changes in SMM are unknown and may be clues for new future therapeutic interventions.
Sustaining and spreading quality improvement: Decreasing intrapartum malpractice risk
Authors: Santos Palmira , Joglekar Anju , Faughnan Kristen , Darden Jennifer , Masters Lisa , Hendrich Ann , McCoy Christine Kocot 
Published: August 2018

BackgroundMalpractice liability is an ongoing problem in obstetrics. However, developing, sustaining, and spreading effective interventions is challenging. The aim of this study is to examine the spread and sustainability of a multilevel integrated practice and coordinated communication model 66 months after its original implementation.MethodsData on labor and delivery patients from 37 hospitals (5 beta sites and 32 expansion sites) were analyzed for the 81‐month time period from January 2010 through September 2016.ResultsHigh‐risk occurrence rates per 1000 live births decreased by over 70% at both beta and expansion sites. The likelihood of a high‐risk occurrence was statistically significantly lower during the final study period than in the preintervention period at both beta sites (odds ratio [OR] = 0.218; p < .0001) and expansion sites (OR = 0.288; p < .001).ConclusionThe multilevel integrated practice and coordinated communication model was successfully spread and sustained. Key elements contributing to this success included developing and maintaining evidence‐based guidelines, ensuring leadership buy‐in and support, collecting and reporting performance measures, holding teams accountable, providing training, and ensuring transparent communication.
Role of Art Education in Peace Building Efforts among Out‐of‐School Youth affected by Armed Conflict in Zamboanga City, Philippines
Authors: Labor Jonalou S. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThis article looks into the value of art education in helping out‐of‐school adolescents to reintegrate to the local community due to armed conflicts in Zamboanga City, Southern Philippines. Using focus group discussion, which was carried out with adolescents living in transitory sites, permanent shelters and informal settlements in the city, findings have revealed that participants in the programme gained knowledge, developed positive attitude and communication skills and practiced peace building behaviours that benefited them, their families and the community at large because of their involvement in the programme. © 2018 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
3D mapping of the placenta during early gestation using free‐breathing multiecho stack‐of‐radial MRI at 3T
Authors: Armstrong Tess , Liu Dapeng , Martin Thomas , Masamed Rinat , Janzen Carla , Wong Cass , Chanlaw Teresa , Devaskar Sherin U. , Sung Kyunghyun , Wu Holden H. 
Published: August 2018

BackgroundMultiecho gradient‐echo Cartesian MRI characterizes placental oxygenation by quantifying . Previous research was performed at 1.5T using breath‐held 2D imaging during later gestational age (GA).PurposeTo evaluate the accuracy and repeatability of a free‐breathing (FB) 3D multiecho gradient‐echo stack‐of‐radial technique (radial) for placental mapping at 3T and report placental during early GA.Study TypeProspective.PopulationThirty subjects with normal pregnancies and three subjects with ischemic placental disease (IPD) were scanned twice: between 14–18 and 19–23 weeks GA.Field Strength3T.SequenceFB radial.AssessmentLinear correlation (concordance coefficient, ρc) and Bland–Altman analyses (mean difference, MD) were performed to evaluate radial mapping accuracy compared to Cartesian in a phantom. Radial mapping repeatability was characterized using the coefficient of repeatability (CR) between back‐to‐back scans. The mean and spatial coefficient of variation (CV) of was determined for all subjects, and separately for anterior and posterior placentas, at each GA range.Statistical Testsρc was tested for significance. Differences in mean and CV were tested using Wilcoxon Signed‐Rank and Rank‐Sum tests. P < 0.05 was considered significant. Z‐scores for the IPD subjects were determined.ResultsFB radial demonstrated accurate (ρc≥0.996; P < 0.001; |MD|<0.2s−1) and repeatable (CR<4s−1) mapping in a phantom, and repeatable (CR≤4.6s−1) mapping in normal subjects. At 3T, placental mean ± standard deviation was 12.9s−1 ± 2.7s−1 for 14–18 and 13.2s−1 ± 1.9s−1 for 19–23 weeks GA. The CV was significantly greater (P = 0.043) at 14–18 (0.63 ± 0.12) than 19–23 (0.58 ± 0.13) weeks GA. At 19–23 weeks, the CV was significantly lower (P < 0.001) for anterior (0.49 ± 0.08) than posterior (0.67 ± 0.11) placentas. One IPD subject had a lower mean than normal subjects at both GA ranges (Z<–2).Data ConclusionFB radial provides accurate and repeatable 3D mapping for the entire placenta at 3T during early GA.Level of Evidence: 2Technical Efficacy: Stage 1J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2019;49:291–303.
Histogram Analysis of Native T1 Mapping and Its Relationship to Left Ventricular Late Gadolinium Enhancement, Hypertrophy, and Segmental Myocardial Mechanics in Patients With Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Wu Chong‐Wen , Wu Rui , Shi Ruo‐Yang , An Dong‐Aolei , Chen Bing‐Hua , Jiang Meng , Bacyinski Andrew , Rahim Ali , Deen James M. , Hu Jiani , Han Tong‐Tong , Xu Jian‐Rong , Wu Lian‐Ming 
Published: August 2018

BackgroundThe use of native T1 mapping for evaluation of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is being explored, and its combination with histogram analysis may benefit the accuracy of such assessments.PurposeTo investigate the relationship of segmental left ventricular wall thickness (LVWT), myocardial fibrosis, and strain parameters with segmental histogram parameters of native T1 mapping in HCM patients.Study TypeRetrospective.SubjectsNinety‐three HCM patients without previous cardiovascular diseases were included.Field Strength/Sequence3.0T cardiac MR. Steady‐state free precession cine imaging, modified Look–Locker inversion recovery, phase‐sensitive inversion recovery.AssessmentImages were assessed by three experienced radiologists.Statistical TestsMann–Whitney U‐tests, area under the curve (AUC), Spearman's rank correlation, intraclass correlation coefficient, and Bland–Altman test were used for statistical analysis.ResultsA higher LVWT value correlated with higher means, minimums, 10th/25th/50th/75th/90th percentiles, maximums, kurtosis, entropy, and lower SD and energy of T1 mapping (P < 0.05 for all), with the correlation being stronger for entropy and energy (Spearman's rho = 0.439 and –0.413, respectively) than other parameters. Late gadolinium enhancement positive (LGE+) segments exhibited higher mean, minimum, 10th/25th/50th/75th/90th percentiles, maximum, entropy, and lower energy of T1 times than late gadolinium enhancement negative (LGE–) segments (P < 0.001 for all). Impaired strain function parameters (peak thickening and thickening rate in radial, circumferential, and longitudinal directions) demonstrated a weak correlation with higher entropy (P < 0.001 for all) and lower energy (P < 0.001 for all).Data ConclusionHistogram parameters of native T1 mapping provide more information than mean T1 times alone. Among these parameters, entropy and energy may correlate better with LVWT, myocardial late gadolinium enhancement, and strain parameters than mean T1 times in HCM patients.Level of Evidence: 2Technical Efficacy Stage: 2J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2019;49:668–677.
Revisiting an arid LGM using fluvial archives: a luminescence chronology for palaeochannels of the Murrumbidgee River, south‐eastern Australia
Authors: Mueller Daniela , Jacobs Zenobia , Cohen Tim J. , Price David M. , Reinfelds Ivars V. , Shulmeister James 
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACTThe Riverine Plain in south‐eastern Australia contains numerous palaeochannels that are much larger than the present rivers and provide evidence about past hydrological conditions. Previous research suggested optima in fluvial activity both before and after the peak of the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM; 21 ± 3 ka), and, in some cases, throughout the LGM. In this study, we revisit palaeochannel remnants of the Gum Creek and Yanco palaeochannel systems along the Murrumbidgee River, which drains the high‐elevation catchments of the Australian Alps in south‐eastern Australia. We date fluvial and aeolian sediments using single‐grain optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) and apply thermoluminescence (TL) dating to a subset of samples. We compare the OSL ages to new and previously published TL ages and investigate reasons for age discrepancies between these methods, possible effects of partial bleaching and other factors that may affect luminescence ages. We propose a new OSL‐based chronology for the Gum Creek and Yanco palaeochannel systems and assign periods of enhanced fluvial activity for the Tombullen and Yanco phases to 41–29 and 29–18 ka, respectively. Importantly, we infer that conditions of increased sediment and water discharge persisted for the Murrumbidgee River at the time of the LGM.
Synergistic Interaction and Aggregation Behavior in a Mixture of a Tripolar Zwitterionic Surfactant and an Anionic Surfactant
Authors: Luo Siqi , Wang Yingxiong , Wang Meina , Wang Yilin 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe aggregation behavior of a tripolar zwitterionic surfactant (C14C6Tri) with sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) in aqueous solution at various molar fractions was investigated using surface tension, turbidity, dynamic light scattering, ζ potential, and cryogenic transmission electron microscopy. The C14C6Tri carries 2 cationic ammonium headgroups and 1 anionic sulfonate headgroup, and the 2 ammonium headgroups are linked by a 6‐methylene chain while the sulfonate group is connected with one of the ammonium headgroups by a 3‐methylene chain. The surface activity parameters, the composition of mixed micelles, and the interaction parameter (β) were evaluated using an ideal mixing model and the regular solution model. The strong synergistic effect between C14C6Tri and SDS leads to a striking reduction in the critical micellar concentration and surface tension values. Both the interaction parameters at the air–water interface (βσ) and in the mixed micelles (β
m) are large negative values. Moreover, the aggregate structures of the C14C6Tri/SDS mixture can be regulated by changing the molar fraction and the concentration. Upon increasing the molar fraction of SDS, the aggregate transitions take place from spherical micelles to vesicles, rod‐like micelles, and spherical micelles at a total surfactant concentration of 2.00 mM, while only small spherical micelles exist as the total surfactant concentration increases to 20.00 mM. The large headgroup, multi‐binding sites and variable conformation of C14C6Tri are responsible for the abundant aggregation behaviors.
Changes in the sucrose metabolism in apple fruit following postharvest acibenzolar‐S‐methyl treatment
Authors: Ge Yonghong , Wei Meilin , Li Canying , Chen Yanru , Duan Bin , Li Xue , Tang Qi , Li Xihong 
Published: August 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDApple (cv. Ralls) fruit were treated with 0.1 g L−1 acibenzolar‐S‐methyl (ASM) for 10 min to evaluate the changes in enzyme activity and gene expression in the sucrose metabolism during storage at 20 °C with 30%–40% relative humidity.RESULTSThe results showed that sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) and sucrose synthase synthesis (SS‐s) activity was enhanced by ASM in apple fruit during the entire storage period. Sucrose synthase‐cleavage (SS‐c) and neutral invertase (NI) activity was suppressed by ASM treatment but acid invertase (AI) activity was increased in the middle period after ASM treatment. Acibenzolar‐S‐methyl treatment also significantly inhibited SPS and NI gene expression in apple fruit during storage. However, SS gene expression increased in the ASM‐treated apple fruit. High levels of expression of the fructokinase (FK) and hexokinase (HK) genes were observed during the middle storage period in the ASM‐treated fruit.CONCLUSIONTaken together, these results suggest that ASM delays the senescence of apple fruit by regulating the sugar metabolism. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Exploration of the effect of blue light on microRNAs involved in the accumulation of functional metabolites of longan embryonic calli through RNA‐sequencing
Authors: Li Hansheng , Chen Xiaohui , Wang Yun , Yao Deheng , Lin Yuling , Lai Zhongxiong 
Published: August 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe regulation of functional metabolites under light by structural genes and regulatory genes is understood but the roles of microRNAs in this pathway have rarely been reported and their regulation network is not yet clear.RESULTSBlue light was most conducive to promoting the synthesis of some functional metabolites in longan embryonic callus (ECs). In this study, we sequenced three small RNA libraries of constructed longan ECs under different light qualities (dark, blue, and white). A total of 29 and 22 miRNAs were differentially expressed in the dark versus blue (DB) and dark versus white (DW) combinations, respectively. According to Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis, most of the differentially expressed miRNA target genes were involved in plant hormone signal transduction, mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling, biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids, and so on. Cytoscape analysis of the target genes of miRNAs indicated that miR396b‐5p and miR5139 had the most target genes in DB. Moreover, this study also found that miR171f_3 targeted DELLA, miR390e targeted BRI1, miR396b‐5p targeted EBF1/2 and EIN3; these miRNAs participated in the blue light signaling network through their target genes and regulated the accumulation of longan functional metabolites.CONCLUSIONSThe results of the study revealed that the expressions of phase‐specific miRNAs vary with the change of functional metabolites in longan ECs.This study provides new insights into the molecular mechanisms that allow light to influence plant metabolism. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Low‐quality rice straw forage increases the permeability of mammary epithelial tight junctions in lactating dairy cows
Authors: Wang Diming , Cai Jie , Zhao Fengqi , Liu Jianxin 
Published: August 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDIt is known that milking frequency and plasma hormones play important roles in regulating mammary permeability. However, it is still not known whether nutritional factors can influence udder permeability.DESIGNThis study was conducted to investigate mammary epithelial tight‐junction permeability in lactating dairy cows fed different forage‐based diets. Twenty mid‐lactating dairy cows were allocated to ten blocks based on their parity and milk yield and then randomly assigned into rice straw‐based diet and alfalfa‐based diet groups. Both diets contained 15% corn silage and 55% concentrate (dry matter basis). In terms of forage sources, rice straw‐based diets (RS) contained 30% rice straw, whereas alfalfa‐based diets (AH) contained 23% alfalfa hay plus 7% Chinese wild rye hay.RESULTSThe concentrations of Na+, Na+/K+ ratio, bovine serum albumin, and plasmin in the milk, the plasma lactose concentration, and the mRNA abundance of BCL2 associated agonist of cell death, phosphatase and tensin homolog, and insulin like growth factor binding protein 5 in the mammary gland were greater in RS‐fed cows than in AH‐fed animals. Mammary expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen and occludin was lower in RS‐fed cows compared with the AH‐fed group. The expressions of growth hormone receptor, claudin‐1, ‐3, ‐4, and ZO‐1 were similar in the two diet groups.CONCLUSIONThe cows fed RS showed higher mammary alveolar permeability, likely due to its effect on proliferation/apoptosis rates of mammary epithelial cells. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Effects of Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus subtilis complex on growth performance and faecal noxious gas emissions in growing‐finishing pigs
Authors: Lan Ruixia , Kim In Ho 
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDProbiotics have been used to address antibiotic alternatives and environmental concerns. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus subtilis complex supplementation on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, faecal microflora and faecal noxious gas emissions in growing‐finishing pigs.RESULTSDietary B. licheniformis and B. subtilis complex (B. licheniformis and B. subtilis in a 1:1 ratio) supplementation showed a linear increase (P < 0.05) in digestibility of dry matter at weeks 6, 12 and 15, a linear increase (P < 0.05) in digestibility of nitrogen at week 12, a linear increase (P < 0.05) in faecal Lactobacillus counts at weeks 6 and 12, a linear decrease (P < 0.05) in ammonia (NH3) emission at weeks 6 and 12 and a linear decrease (P < 0.05) in total mercaptan emission at weeks 3, 9 and 15.CONCLUSIONDietary B. licheniformis and B. subtilis complex supplementation increased digestibility and faecal Lactobacillus counts and decreased faecal NH3 and total mercaptan emissions in growing‐finishing pigs. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry