bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multimeric Amphipathic α‐Helical Sequences for Rapid and Efficient Intracellular Protein Transport at Nanomolar Concentrations
Authors: Oh Jae Hoon , Chong Seung‐Eun , Nam Sohee , Hyun Soonsil , Choi Sejong , Gye Hyojun , Jang Sangmok , Jang Joomyung , Hwang Sung Won , Yu Jaehoon , Lee Yan 
Published: June 2018

AbstractAn amphipathic leucine (L) and lysine (K)‐rich α‐helical peptide is multimerized based on helix‐loop‐helix structures to maximize the penetrating activities. The multimeric LK‐based cell penetrating peptides (LK‐CPPs) can penetrate cells as protein‐fused forms at 100–1000‐fold lower concentrations than Tat peptide. The enhanced penetrating activity is increased through multimerization by degrees up to the tetramer level. The multimeric LK‐CPPs show rapid cell penetration through macropinocytosis at low nanomolar concentrations, unlike the monomeric LK, which have slower penetrating kinetics at much higher concentrations. The heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG) receptors are highly involved in the rapid internalization of multimeric LK‐CPPs. As a proof of concept of biomedical applications, an adipogenic transcription factor, peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor gamma 2 (PPAR‐γ 2), is delivered into preadipocytes, and highly enhanced expression of adipogenic genes at nanomolar concentrations is induced. The multimeric CPPs can be a useful platform for the intracellular delivery of bio‐macromolecular reagents that have difficulty with penetration in order to control biological reactions in cells at feasible concentrations for biomedical purposes.
Middle turbinate manipulation and postoperative sinus obstruction after endoscopic endonasal skull‐base surgery
Authors: Willson Thomas J. , Rowan Nicholas R. , Wang Eric W. 
Published: June 2018

BackgroundInadvertent lateralization of the middle turbinate (MT) after endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) is cited as a common complication that results in both outflow tract obstruction and recurrent symptoms. In endoscopic endonasal skull‐base surgery, the MT is frequently lateralized during the parasagittal approach. Little is known about whether this strategy has unintended consequences on the adjacent paranasal sinuses. Intentional lateralization vs surgical resection of the MT were compared for radiographic evidence of sinus obstruction in this patient population.MethodsA retrospective evaluation was conducted of pre‐ and postoperative Lund‐MacKay (LM) scores in patients who underwent an endoscopic endonasal approach (EEA) for resection of a pituitary tumor or craniopharyngioma (transsellar or suprasellar approach) between 2012 and 2014. Side‐specific LM scores were calculated at 0–3 months, 3–6 months, and >6 months. MT lateralization vs resection sides were compared.ResultsOf the cases reviewed, 122 met the inclusion criteria. There were no statistically significant differences in LM scores of the adjacent paranasal sinuses between resected MTs as compared with surgically lateralized MTs at 3–6 months or >6 months (p = 0.551) postoperatively. Time‐point of assessment was statistically significant with regard to the outcome of LM = 0 (p < 0.001), with earlier postoperative imaging correlating with higher LM scores.ConclusionUnlike after ESS, MT lateralization does not appear to be correlated with higher LM scores after EEA. Postoperative radiographic sinus outflow obstruction was similar in patients at all measured intervals despite differences in technical management of the MT.
Stability and Bioavailability of Curcumin in Mixed Sodium Caseinate and Pea Protein Isolate Nanoemulsions
Authors: Yerramilli Manispuritha , Longmore Natalie , Ghosh Supratim 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe goals of this research were to develop oil‐in‐water nanoemulsions (NE) encapsulating curcumin by partially replacing sodium caseinate (SC) with pea protein isolate (1:1) and to investigate the lipid digestibility and bioaccessibility of curcumin using in vitro digestion. Structural changes in oil droplets during digestion were also examined using particle‐size measurement and confocal laser‐scanning microscopy. Both SC and mixed protein (MP)‐stabilized NE were stable for the experimental time frame of eight weeks without significant changes in the droplet size. About 50% active curcumin encapsulated in the NE remained stable over eight weeks where the stability was higher for SC compared to the MP‐stabilized NE (MPE). An increase in the droplet sizes and changes in their distribution during in vitro digestion were found to be a combined effect of the presence of digestive enzymes and also the rapid changes in the ionic strength and pH of the system. The lipid digestibility of the MPE was significantly lower than the SC‐stabilized NE, which was attributed to a stronger viscoelastic oil‐droplet interface in the presence of pea proteins. However, the former was found to be as efficient as the latter in successfully releasing about 50% curcumin in the simulated intestine phase. Therefore, pea proteins can be used to partially replace SC as an emulsion stabilizer for the protection and delivery of oil‐soluble bioactive compounds.
Transition‐Metal‐Free Multicomponent Approach to Stereoenriched Cyclopentyl‐isoxazoles through C−C Bond Cleavage
Authors: Subramanian Parthasarathi , Kaliappan Krishna P. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractAn efficient multicomponent reaction for the synthesis of stereoenriched cyclopentyl‐isoxazoles from camphor‐derived α‐oximes, alkynes, and MeOH is reported. Our method involved a series of cascade transformations, including the in situ generation of an IIII catalyst, which catalyzed the addition of MeOH to a sterically hindered ketone. Oxidation of the oxime, and rearrangement of the α‐hydroxyiminium ion generated a nitrile oxide in situ, which, upon [3+2] cycloaddition reaction with an alkyne, delivered the regioselective product. This reaction was very selective for the syn‐oxime. This multicomponent approach was also extended to the synthesis of a new glycoconjugate, camphoric ester‐isoxazole C‐galactoside.
Multiprotein Dynamic Combinatorial Chemistry: A Strategy for the Simultaneous Discovery of Subfamily‐Selective Inhibitors for Nucleic Acid Demethylases FTO and ALKBH3
Authors: Das Mohua , Yang Tianming , Dong Jinghua , Prasetya Fransisca , Xie Yiming , Wong Kendra H. Q. , Cheong Adeline , Woon Esther C. Y. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractDynamic combinatorial chemistry (DCC) is a powerful supramolecular approach for discovering ligands for biomolecules. To date, most, if not all, biologically templated DCC systems employ only a single biomolecule to direct the self‐assembly process. To expand the scope of DCC, herein, a novel multiprotein DCC strategy has been developed that combines the discriminatory power of a zwitterionic “thermal tag” with the sensitivity of differential scanning fluorimetry. This strategy is highly sensitive and could differentiate the binding of ligands to structurally similar subfamily members. Through this strategy, it was possible to simultaneously identify subfamily‐selective probes against two clinically important epigenetic enzymes: FTO (7; IC50=2.6 μm) and ALKBH3 (8; IC50=3.7 μm). To date, this is the first report of a subfamily‐selective ALKBH3 inhibitor. The developed strategy could, in principle, be adapted to a broad range of proteins; thus it is of broad scientific interest.
Cancer‐Cell Imaging Using Copper‐Doped Zeolite Imidazole Framework‐8 Nanocrystals Exhibiting Oxidative Catalytic Activity
Authors: Keum Changjoon , Park Sangwoo , Lee Sang‐Yup 
Published: June 2018

AbstractCopper‐doped zeolite imidazole framework‐8 (Cu/ZIF‐8) was prepared and its peroxidase‐like oxidative catalytic activity was examined with a demonstration of its applicability for cancer‐cell imaging. Through simple solution chemistry at room temperature, Cu/ZIF‐8 nanocrystals were produced that catalytically oxidized an organic substrate of o‐phenylenediamine in the presence of H2O2. In a similar manner to peroxidase, the Cu/ZIF‐8 nanocrystals oxidized the substrate through a ping‐pong mechanism with an activation energy of 59.2 kJ mol−1. The doped Cu atoms functioned as active sites in which the active Cu intermediates were expected to be generated during the catalysis, whereas the undoped ZIF‐8 did not show any oxidative activity. Cu/ZIF‐8 nanocrystals exhibited low cell toxicity and displayed catalytic activity through interaction with H2O2 among various reactive oxygen species in a cancer cell. This oxidative activity in vitro allowed cancer‐cell imaging by exploiting the photoluminescence emitted from the oxidized product of o‐phenylenediamine, which was insignificant in the absence of the Cu/ZIF‐8 nanocrystals. The results of this study suggest that the Cu/ZIF‐8 nanocrystal is a promising catalyst for the analysis of the microbiological systems.
An iterative model predictive control algorithm for constrained nonlinear systems
Authors: Silva Nivaldo F. , Dórea Carlos Eduardo T. , Maitelli André L. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractAn iterative model predictive control (MPC) scheme for constrained nonlinear systems is presented. The idea of the method is to detour from the solution of a non‐convex optimization problem using a time‐variant linearization of the nonlinear system model that is adjusted iteratively by solving an iterative quadratic programming optimization problem at each sampling time. The main advantage is the faster resolution of the optimization problem by using quadratic programming instead of non‐convex programming and yet, properly describing the nonlinear dynamics of the process being controlled. In this article, a general framework of the method is presented together with a discussion on the conditions under which the iterations converge and on the uncertainty of its results due to the linearization used, as well as some practical considerations about its implementation. The performance of the proposed controller is illustrated via two examples.
Nachweise mit Methoden des Brandschutzingenieurwesens im Rahmen der MIndBauRL
Authors: Spennes Georg , Börger Kristian , Tillmann Frank 
Published: June 2018

AbstractDie Bewertung und Auslegung von Industriebauten hinsichtlich brandschutztechnischer Anforderungen erfolgt in Deutschland auf Grundlage der Muster‐Richtlinie über den baulichen Brandschutz im Industriebau (MIndBauRL). Durch die Einführung als technische Baubestimmung in den jeweiligen Bundesländern ist sie als anerkannte Regel der Technik für den Bauherrn verbindlich anzuwenden. Im Gegensatz zu den rein deskriptiven Vorgaben der Muster‐Bauordnung (MBO) erschließt sich aus der Anwendung leistungsorientierter Berechnungsverfahren das Potenzial einer risikogerechten Bewertung des Gebäudes. Da jedoch auch die Verfahren nach Abschnitt 4 MIndBauRL die Gesamtheit der in den Geltungsbereich der Richtlinie fallenden Bauten abdecken müssen, kann eine entsprechende Auslegung der Gebäudestruktur weiterhin äußerst konservativ ausfallen. Die alternative Nachweisführung mit Methoden des Brandschutzingenieurwesens zur Erfüllung der Mindestanforderungen an den Brandschutz in Industriebauten kann daher eine sinnvolle Ergänzung zu den bewährten Verfahren darstellen. Am Beispiel einer chemisch‐technischen Produktionsanlage werden die Grundzüge der Nachweisführung von der Definition eines geeigneten Brandszenarios über die Modellierung eines Bemessungsbrands bis hin zum Nachweis der Standsicherheit im Brandfall demonstriert.
Centella asiatica increases hippocampal synaptic density and improves memory and executive function in aged mice
Authors: Gray Nora E. , Zweig Jonathan A. , Caruso Maya , Martin Marjoen D. , Zhu Jennifer Y. , Quinn Joseph F. , Soumyanath Amala 
Published: June 2018

AbstractIntroductionCentella asiatica is a plant used for centuries to enhance memory. We have previously shown that a water extract of Centella asiatica (CAW) attenuates age‐related spatial memory deficits in mice and improves neuronal health. Yet the effect of CAW on other cognitive domains remains unexplored as does its mechanism of improving age‐related cognitive impairment. This study investigates the effects of CAW on a variety of cognitive tasks as well as on synaptic density and mitochondrial and antioxidant pathways.MethodsTwenty‐month‐old CB6F1 mice were treated with CAW (2 mg/ml) in their drinking water for 2 weeks prior to behavioral testing. Learning, memory, and executive function were assessed using the novel object recognition task (NORT), object location memory task (OLM), and odor discrimination reversal learning (ODRL) test. Tissue was collected for Golgi analysis of spine density as well as assessment of mitochondrial, antioxidant, and synaptic proteins.ResultsCAW improved performance in all behavioral tests suggesting effects on hippocampal and cortical dependent memory as well as on prefrontal cortex mediated executive function. There was also an increase in synaptic density in the treated animals, which was accompanied by increased expression of the antioxidant response gene NRF2 as well as the mitochondrial marker porin.ConclusionsThese data show that CAW can increase synaptic density as well as antioxidant and mitochondrial proteins and improve multiple facets of age‐related cognitive impairment. Because mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress also accompany cognitive impairment in many pathological conditions this suggests a broad therapeutic utility of CAW.
Effect of epidural blood injection on upright posture intolerance in patients with headaches due to intracranial hypotension: A prospective study
Authors: Qureshi Adnan I. , Kherani Danish , Waqas Muhammad A. , Qureshi Mushtaq H. , Raja Faisal M. , Wallery Shawn S. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractBackgroundWe performed a prospective study to quantify changes in various aspects of upright posture intolerance in patients with intracranial hypotension.MethodsSix patients were provided a standard questionnaire before, immediately after epidural blood patch injection and at follow‐up visit within 1 month after epidural blood injection inquiring: (a) How long can they stand straight without any support? (b) Do they feel any sense of sickness when they sit or lie down after standing? (c) How long do they have to wait before they are comfortable standing again after they have stood straight? (d) How effectively and fast can they get up from sitting or lying position to stand straight? and (e) Rate their activities in upright posture without support on a standard vertical visual analogue scale between 100 (can do everything) and 0 (cannot do anything).ResultsAll patients responded that they could not stand straight for ≥30 min (four responding <5 min) on pretreatment evaluation. All patients reported improvement in this measure immediately postprocedure with two reporting ≥30 min. At follow‐up, three patients reported further improvement and one patient reported worsening in this measure. The magnitude of improvement ranged from 10 to 80 points increase immediately postprocedure in their ability to perform activities, while they are standing without any support on visual analogue scale. At follow‐up, four patient reported additional improvement in their ability to perform activities, while they are standing without any support (ranged from 10 to 20 points increase compared with immediately postprocedure rating).ConclusionsWe present semiquantitative data on various aspects of upright posture intolerance in patients with intracranial hypotension before and after epidural blood injection.
Epineural adipose‐derived stem cell injection in a sciatic rodent model
Authors: Kappos Elisabeth A. , Baenziger‐Sieber Patricia , Tremp Mathias , Engels Patricia E. , Thommen Sarah , Sprenger Lima , Benz Robyn M. , Schaefer Dirk J. , Schaeren Stefan , Kalbermatten Daniel Felix 
Published: June 2018

AbstractBackgroundThe aim was to evaluate the regenerative effect of epineural injection of rat ASCs (rASCs) in three different settings of acute and chronic compression in a rat sciatic nerve model.MethodsAcute compression (60 s) with a vessel clamp over a distance of 1 mm (group 1) or 10 mm (group 2), as well as chronic compression with a permanent remaining, nonabsorbable polymeric clip over a distance of 1 mm (group 3) was performed. Depending on the group, either 5 × 106 rASCs or the same volume (25 μl) of culture medium (CM) was injected with a 30G needle in the epineurium at the time of compression. Outcome measures were functional gait evaluations, imaging analysis, histomorphometric analyses, and muscle weight.ResultsThe rats in group 2 had a better function than those with group 1 at one and especially at 2 weeks. After 4 weeks however, almost all rats were close to a normal function. There was a similar Muscle Weight Ratio (MWR) after 2 weeks in all groups, whereas after 4 weeks, the MWR in group 3 was lower compared with group 1 and 2. Histomorphometric analysis showed a better myelination in group 1 & 2 compared to group 3 after 4 weeks. ASCs have a beneficial effect on myelin thickness (G‐Ratio).ConclusionsWe successfully evaluated the regenerative effect of epineural injection of rASCs in three different settings of acute and chronic compression. However, there were no significant differences in outcomes between the ASC‐treated groups and control groups.
‘Everyone should do it’: Client experience of a 12‐week dialectical behaviour therapy group programme – An interpretative phenomenological analysis
Authors: Childs‐Fegredo Jasmine , Fellin Lisa 
Published: June 2018

AbstractObjectiveThere is a dearth of practice‐based evidence of adapted or ‘DBT‐informed’ transdiagnostic models, which could provide services and clinicians with information of what works and for whom, in which settings. This paper aims to bridge this gap by exploring the client experience of a 12‐week transdiagnostic dialectical behaviour therapy (DBT) group programme in a private psychiatric hospital.MethodFive participants with varied clinical diagnoses and previous therapeutic experiences were interviewed following completion of one or more of the same adapted DBT programme, comprising of the standard four modules over 12 weeks, including a weekly skills group and 1:1 therapy. Interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) was applied to give voice to the clients’ lived experience of the group.ResultsThree master themes were identified: ‘Pre DBT: Crisis & Desperation’; ‘In‐session: Belonging’; and ‘The Real World: Living’, each characterised by four sub‐themes, highlighting helpful and hindering factors of clients’ current and previous therapeutic experiences.ConclusionOverall this version of DBT in a transdiagnostic setting was experienced as helpful and positive by participants; main outcomes included being able to build a life worth living, feel hope and joy, build DBT skills into a lifestyle, and develop reflective practice. Implications for clinical practice, service delivery and policy are also discussed. The article aims to provide clinicians with practice‐based evidence to inform the delivery of DBT as well as supporting the case for the use of DBT with various disorders, thus paving the way for future research in this area.
Iliac and mandible osteoblasts exhibit varied responses to LMHF vibration
Authors: Pravitharangul Anute , Suttapreyasri Srisurang , Leethanakul Chidchanok 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe facial and long bones have distinct developmental origins, structures, and cellular compositions. This study aimed to compare the in vitro responses of human mandible and long bone osteoblasts to low‐magnitude, high‐frequency (LMHF) mechanical vibration in terms of expression of mediators of bone remodeling. Osteoblast‐like cell cultures were prepared from iliac crest and mandibular bone specimens from three individuals and cultured in osteogenic induction media. Induction of mature osteoblastic phenotypes was confirmed by analysis of DNA content, alkaline phosphatase activity and gene expression every 3 days for 27 days. Based on gene expression, mature osteoblasts formed by day 15 of induction culture. After 15 days of culture in induction media, mature osteoblasts were subjected to vibration (0, 30, or 60 Hz) for 30 min every 24 h. After 48 h, RANKL, OPG, IL‐1β, IL‐6 and TGF‐β gene, and protein expression were determined by real‐time PCR analysis of total cellular mRNA and ELISAs of the cell supernatants. Both iliac and mandible osteoblasts responded to LMHF vibration: IL‐1β and RANKL mRNA were downregulated and IL‐6 mRNA was upregulated. However, TGF‐ β mRNA was unaltered and OPG mRNA was upregulated in iliac osteoblasts, whereas both TGF‐β and OPG mRNA were downregulated in mandible osteoblasts. As a result, LMHF reduced the RANKL/OPG mRNA ratio in iliac osteoblasts but did not alter the RANKL/OPG mRNA ratio in mandible osteoblasts. This study suggests mature iliac osteoblasts exhibit a more potent anti‐resorptive response to vibration, while this tendency was not obviously apparent in mature mandible osteoblasts.
What influences social outcomes among offenders with personality disorder: A systematic review
Authors: Connell Catriona , Furtado Vivek , McKay Elizabeth A. , Singh Swaran P. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractBackgroundPersonality disorder is highly prevalent in offender populations and is associated with poor health, criminal justice, and social outcomes. Research has been conducted into factors that influence offending and health, but, in order to improve (re)habilitation, service providers must also be able to identify the variables associated with social outcomes and the mechanisms by which they operate.AimTo establish what is known about what influences social outcomes among offenders with personality disorder.MethodA systematic review was completed using Cochrane methods, expanded to include nonrandomised trials. Anticipated high heterogeneity informed a narrative synthesis.ResultsThree studies met inclusion criteria. Two were qualitative studies including only 13 cases between them. All studies were low quality.ConclusionsThere is insufficient evidence to determine what influences good social outcomes among offenders with personality disorder. Research is required to identify associated variables, to inform the development of effective interventions.
Copper(II)‐Catalyzed Selective Para Amination of Arylamine with Pyrazole by C−H Functionalization
Authors: Xu Jun , Du Kui , Shen Jiabin , Shen Chao , Chai Kejie , Zhang Pengfei 
Published: June 2018

AbstractA coordinating activation strategy for selective para amination of arylamine with pyrazole is developed. Various substrates are compatible, giving the corresponding products in moderate to good yields. This strategy provides a practical solution for the efficient synthesis of arylamine‐containing pharmacophores from simple starting materials. A single electron transfer mechanism is suggested for this reaction.