bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Boosting the accuracy of property valuation with ensemble learning and explainable artificial intelligence: The case of Hong Kong
Authors: Deng Lin , Zhang Xueqing 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This paper proposes a novel three-level ensemble learning model to boost the accuracy of property valuation. Compared with current machine learning models, our ensemble learning strategies perform better. Explainable artificial intelligence methods are applied to identify significant housing price determinants. The results show that most features have nonlinear relationships with price. The property’s age and geographic coordinates are the most important features and the density and diversity of urban amenities positively relate to price. The number of building blocks or housing units shows a threshold effect on price, and a price premium of higher public transit accessibility is witnessed. Implications for future property development and urban planning are provided regarding building rehabilitation and renewal, property development preparation and urban center identification, land use planning and architectural design, integrated development of metropolitan amenities, and transit-oriented development.
Avoiding the formation of pores during laser welding of copper hairpins by dynamic beam shaping
Authors: Reinheimer Eveline Nicole , Haas Michael , Zaiß Felix , Omlor Markus , Spurk Christoph , Olowinsky Alexander , Beckmann Felix , Moosmann Julian , Hagenlocher Christian , Weber Rudolf , Graf Thomas 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Any pores formed during laser welding of copper hairpins affect the structural integrity and the mechanical/electrical functionality of the joint. We report on investigations using synchrotron X-ray imaging techniques to observe the formation of the pores in the processing zone while welding. It was found that all pores are formed at the joint gap and that the small pores are distributed throughout the complete joint volume as a result of the melt flow induced by the movement of the laser beam. This insight has led to the development of a welding strategy that minimizes pore formation by avoiding the movement of the laser beam across the joint gap. This was achieved by rapid beam shaping based on coherent beam combining (CBC) technology.
Ecological physiology of recovery from experimental phenology of algal food deprivation in larvae of a sea urchin (Lytechinus pictus)
Authors: Griffith Andrew W. , Li Ning , Manahan Donal T. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Studies of seasonal breeding of marine invertebrates led to many important and long-standing marine biological “Rules” (e.g., Orton; Crisp; Thorson: 1920–1950s). Currently, the world’s oceans are undergoing rapid rates of change. The extent to which these historically formative “Rules” still apply in the modern ocean is the focus of the current study. Anthropogenic-driven ocean change is altering the phenology of animal reproduction by impacting trophic mismatch of larval phases and food availability. The present study addresses these issues in larvae of the white sea urchin (Lytechinus pictus), an important species in marine ecology and developmental biology. Specifically, following experimentally-simulated phenological delays in the availability of phytoplankton, an integrated analysis of whole-organism, physiological, and biochemical responses revealed: (i) the limits of larval tolerance to algal food deprivation, (ii) mechanisms of nutritional stress resilience, and (iii) a higher energy cost of subsequent growth recovery once algal food became available. Contrary to expectations, unfed larvae did not deplete egg energy stores of lipid during extended periods of food deprivation. Instead, protein was the primary biochemical reserve used to fuel the metabolic cost of delayed feeding, reduced to over 80% protein depletion in unfed larvae. When algal food become available, an analysis of protein dynamics of synthesis, and turnover, and accretion showed that delayed-feeding larvae had a faster protein accretion rate. The energy cost of this compensatory catch-up strategy was, however, 2.4-fold higher. These findings highlight constraints to the classically-accepted “Rules” regarding life history strategies in a changing ocean.
Neoadjuvant therapy-induced remodeling of tumor immune microenvironment in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: a spatial and digital pathology analysis
Authors: Li Danting , Liu Yongjun , Lan Ruoxin , Pillarisetty Venu G. , Zhang Xiaofei , Liu Yao-Zhong 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Neoadjuvant therapy (NAT) is the standard of care for borderline-resectable and locally advanced pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). It can be used to treat resectable PDAC. This study aimed to investigate how NAT remodels the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) and whether this remodeling translates into survival benefits. We performed spatial and digital pathology analysis of 27 upfront resection patients (naïve group) and 39 age-, gender-, and stage-matched patients who had surgery after NAT (NAT group). AI-assisted digital pathology was used to annotate cancer cells and CD8 + T lymphocytes. Spatial correlation between CD8 + T lymphocytes and cancer cells for each case was assessed using spatial point pattern analysis, followed by generalized linear modeling (GLM) of quadrat counts of CD8 + T cells, with the quadrat counts of cancer cells as the independent variable. The regression coefficient was used to quantify the strength of their spatial correlation and then further assessed for association with patient survival. The analyses showed that the NAT group, compared with the naïve group, had increased spatial correlation of CD8 + T cells with cancer cells, suggesting enhanced effector T cell-cancer cell engagement in the NAT patients. Additionally, patients with a higher degree of spatial correlation between the two cells showed improved after-surgery survival. Through a new methodological framework that takes advantage of AI-assisted digital pathology and spatial point pattern analysis, our study has successfully captured the subtle effects of NAT-induced TIME remodeling and assessed its impact on prognosis of PDAC patients.
Large-scale pyrodiversity is not needed to beget ant diversity in an Australian tropical savanna
Authors: Brassard François , Murphy Brett P. , Ferrier Simon , Andersen Alan N. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The hypothesis that pyrodiversity begets biodiversity is foundational to conservation management in fire-prone ecosystems and has received extensive research attention. However, empirical evidence for the hypothesis remains ambivalent. Moreover, few studies directly assess the key question of how much pyrodiversity is needed to conserve all species within a community. A novel way of addressing this is to use the biodiversity–maximisation approach developed for reserve selection as part of strategic conservation planning. We apply this approach to an ant dataset from a long-term fire experiment in northern Australia to establish how many of the six experimental fire treatments are required to represent all local ant diversity. We identified the treatment combinations required to maximise species richness and geometric mean abundance. We repeated this for six fire-activity classes based on cumulative fire intensity experienced by plots over the course of the experiment. We found that a very limited number of fire treatments or fire activity classes were needed to represent all of the highly diverse ant species and to maximise the geometric mean abundance of ants. We attribute this to the substantial small-scale heterogeneity of fire behaviour and vegetation structure within individual fire treatments. We conclude that high pyrodiversity at larger spatial scales is not required for sustaining ant biodiversity in our study system. We believe that a reserve selection approach is a powerful method for assessing how much pyrodiversity is needed to conserve biodiversity and recommend that it be applied to other taxa and other ecosystems.
What is the evidence for dietary modification in the management and prevention of malignant bowel obstruction? A scoping review
Authors: Ware Ellie , Tookman Laura , Sullivan Erin Stella , Johansson Lina , McNeish Iain , Allan Lindsey 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Purpose
Dietary modification is one tool in the multidisciplinary and multi-faceted management of malignant bowel obstruction (MBO). However, the evidence for this has not been systematically explored and no guidelines currently exist. The purpose of this review was to identify the type and breadth of published evidence available to support the use of dietary modification in MBO, and to identify key characteristics of dietary interventions and outcome measures used in evaluating these interventions.

Methods
Systematic searches of three databases were conducted, last in September 2024. Title and abstract screening and full-text review were conducted before data were extracted using a data extraction tool.

Results
Only seven records met the criteria for inclusion. Quality of interventions was low, with four abstracts, one retrospective review and two feasibility studies identified. Most interventions focused on gynaecological cancers, where MBO is most prevalent. Key characteristics of dietary modification included a low-fibre diet and modification of the texture of the diet. These approaches were often used in conjunction and in a stepwise manner (progressing from liquid to soft to low-fibre diet). All records reported benefit of dietary modification, but with limited justification. The number, type and quality of records retrieved might reflect that this is a novel area of research, with local practice and clinical experience being published as abstracts. We found no methodologically robust, large-scale interventions.

Conclusion
This review demonstrates a lack of evidence to support the use of dietary modification in MBO. High-quality studies assessing the efficacy and impact of dietary modification are needed to support the advice commonly being provided in clinical settings. However, this research is ethically and logistically challenging to conduct. Nutritional management guidelines based on expert consensus might be a useful resource for clinicians managing MBO given the lack of research evidence currently available to inform practice.
Neural network-based surrogate model in postprocessing of topology optimized structures
Authors: Persia Jude Thaddeus , Sung Myung Kyun , Lee Soobum , Burns Devin E. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This paper proposes a general method of creating an accurate neural network-based surrogate model for postprocessing a topologically optimized structure. When topology optimization results are converted into computer-aided design (CAD) files with smooth boundaries for manufacturability, finite element method (FEM) based stresses often do not agree with the topology optimized results due to changes of surface and mesh density. The conversion between topology optimization derived results and CAD files often requires postprocessing, an additional fine tuning of the geometry parameters to reconcile the change of the stress values. In this work, a feedforward, deep artificial neural network (DANN) is presented with varying architecture parameters that are found for each stress output of interest. This network is trained with the data based on a combination of Design of Experiments (DoE) models that have the geometry dimensions as inputs and stress readings under various loads as the outputs. A DANN-based surrogate model is constructed to enable fine tuning of all relevant stress performance metrics. This method of constructing an artificial network-based surrogate model minimizes the number of FEM computations required to generate an optimized, post-processed design. We present a case study of postprocessing a wind tunnel balance, a measurement device that yields the six force and moment components of a test aircraft. It needs to be designed considering multiple stress measures under combinations of the six loading conditions. Excellent performance of a neural network is presented in this paper in terms of accurate prediction of the highly nonlinear stresses under combinations of the six loads. Von Mises stress predictions are within 10% and axial force sensor stress predictions are within 2% for the final post-processed topology. The results support its usefulness for postprocessing of topology optimized structures.
Confidence intervals for Newton–Cotes quadratures based on stationary point processes
Authors: Stehr Mads , Kiderlen Markus 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Motivated by the stereological application of volume estimation, this paper is concerned with numerical integration on the real line, employing function values at a finite set of randomly chosen points. The sampling points are modeled by a stationary point process, with the estimators being Newton–Cotes quadratures. Our comprehensive probabilistic analysis crucially extends existing results regarding the approximation error and variance, accommodating more general integrands and non-ergodic sampling processes. Notably, these findings are used to formulate novel asymptotic confidence intervals, a considerable challenge given the usual absence of limit distributions. To underscore the practicality of our approach, we apply it to a stereological simulation study. Specifically, we establish confidence intervals for the volume of a three-dimensional ellipsoid, based on section areas obtained from randomly positioned parallel planes.
The first detailed study and illustration of Ammon’s horn sclerosis in epilepsy and the men behind it: Emil Bratz (1868–1934) and Otto Hebold (1856–1945)
Authors: Kasper B. S. , Hebold M. , Stockmann J. P. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Ammon’s horn sclerosis (AHS) is a frequent, important, and intriguing central nervous lesion in human epilepsy. As early as 200 years ago in 1825, AHS was recognized and described macroscopically first, but its significance was debated. After an initial microscopic report from postmortem brain tissue in 1880 made by Wilhelm Sommer, it was Emil Bratz (1868–1934) who published the first systematic investigation of AHS in epilepsy in Europe, performed under the directorship of Otto Hebold (1856–1945) at Wuhlgarten, an early German institution built for the care of patients with epilepsy in Berlin. In 1899, a paper published by Bratz contained a precise illustration of AHS tissue characteristics: a beautiful woodcarving. The picture as well as Bratz’s writings encompasses all the hallmarks of AHS. Here, we revisit this milestone paper of epilepsy pathology in a historical context including several aspects so far unknown or not readily available. Bratz, supported by Hebold, recognized the pathognomonic histological pattern of AHS, as seen in certain cases of epilepsy, at a time when epilepsy and its anatomical correlates were still poorly understood. As shown here, this contribution was widely recognized at the time, represented a seed point for many researchers to come, remains cited to this day, and is worth being remembered along with the two men behind it.
Canonical extensions via fitted sublocales
Authors: Jakl Tomáš , Suarez Anna Laura 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We study restrictions of the correspondence between the lattice

$$\textsf{SE}(L)$$

SE
(
L
)

of strongly exact filters, of a frame L, and the coframe

$$\mathcal {S}_o(L)$$

S
o

(
L
)

of fitted sublocales. In particular, we consider the classes of exact filters

$$\textsf{E}(L)$$

E
(
L
)

, regular filters

$$\textsf{R}(L)$$

R
(
L
)

, and the intersections

$$\mathcal {J}(\textsf{CP}(L))$$

J
(
CP
(
L
)
)

and

$$\mathcal {J}(\textsf{SO}(L))$$

J
(
SO
(
L
)
)

of completely prime and Scott-open filters, respectively. We show that all these classes of filters are sublocales of

$$\textsf{SE}(L)$$

SE
(
L
)

and as such correspond to subcolocales of

$$\mathcal {S}_o(L)$$

S
o

(
L
)

with a concise description. The theory of polarities of Birkhoff is central to our investigations. We automatically derive universal properties for the said classes of filters by giving their descriptions in terms of polarities. The obtained universal properties strongly resemble that of the canonical extensions of lattices. We also give new equivalent definitions of subfitness in terms of the lattice of filters.
Does the Cortical-Depth Dependence of the Hemodynamic Response Function Differ Between Age Groups?
Authors: Raimondo Luisa , Heij Jurjen , Knapen Tomas , Siero Jeroen C. W. , van der Zwaag Wietske , Dumoulin Serge O. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is a widely used tool to investigate the functional brain responses in living humans. Valid comparisons of fMRI results depend on consistency of the blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) hemodynamic response function (HRF). Although common statistical approaches assume a single HRF across the entire brain, the HRF differs across individuals, regions of the brain, and cortical depth. Here, we measure HRF properties in primary visual cortex (V1) using 7 T fMRI with ultra-high spatiotemporal resolution line-scanning (250 μm in laminar direction, sampled every 105 ms). Line-scanning allowed us to investigate age-related HRF changes as a function of cortical depth. Eleven young and eleven middle-aged healthy participants participated in the experiments. We estimated the HRFs using a smooth basis function deconvolution approach. We also compared the results with conventional resolutions. From these HRFs, we extracted properties related to response magnitude and temporal dynamics. The cortical depth dependent HRFs were similar to the HRFs extracted using conventional resolutions validating the cortical depth dependent approach. We found that the properties of the HRF in the two age groups are similar across cortical depth. In other words, the variance between participants is larger than the variance between age groups. This suggests that middle-aged individuals can participate in cortical depth dependent studies free of bias in HRF properties.
Through the Lens of Psychiatrists: Understanding Smoking Cessation Behaviour Among People with Serious Mental Illness
Authors: Parul Parul , Joseph Bindu , Datta Sunil , Desousa Avinash , Rahman Muhammad Aziz 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Smoking among people with Serious Mental Illness (SMI) is a pleading public health concern as the rates are much higher compared to the general population. Although different interventions are available to provide cessation support, there is limited evidence of assessing psychiatrists’ perspectives on smoking cessation among people with SMI. The study aims to explore the perspectives of psychiatrists regarding smoking cessation among people with SMI. The study used a qualitative approach. In-depth interviews were conducted with ten psychiatrists, exploring their opinions about smoking and its cessation among people with SMI. Purposive sampling was employed. Data saturation was achieved when no new information was gathered. The verbatim transcripts were analysed using thematic analyses. A total of 14 subthemes emerged under seven themes, highlighting the perspective of psychiatrists in terms of the utilisation of smoking as a coping mechanism among people with SMI. Findings, such as priority of care, time constraints and patient initiative, emphasised the factors impacting cessation. Psychiatrists expressed that support from peers and family members significantly influences smoking cessation among people with SMI. Furthermore, merely engaging in asking, assessing and advicing components from the World Health Organisation 5As scale implied insufficient usage of the 5As tool while discussing cessation. Psychiatrists recognise the impact of cessation on mental health outcomes, like the utilisation of smoking as a coping mechanism. Their experiences and challenges with cessation highlighted time commitment and priority of care while contemplating cessation. The deepened insight provided by our study findings has been instrumental in shaping the content of tailored interventions related to smoking cessation among people with SMI.
The architecture for synchronous hybrid peer learning using pedagogy-space-technology (PST) framework
Authors: Kee Tris , Kuys Blair , Zhang Jing 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The paradigm shifts towards synchronous hybrid instruction in higher education, influenced in part by the impact of the post-COVID-19 pandemic and initiatives such as Collaborative Online International Learning (COIL), underscores the need for a comprehensive redesign of digital interactive learning environments. This transformation necessitates the integration of educational technologies and adaptable interior architecture to facilitate a wide range of instructional and learning pedagogies that foster peer learning. Through the utilization of the Pedagogy-Space-Technology (PST) Framework, this study aims to explore the challenges inherent in reconfiguring the “architecture” of synchronous hybrid learning (SHL) environments to promote technology-enhanced collaborative peer learning experiences. Data were gathered from academics at ten higher education institutions, collecting 134 survey responses and outcomes of utilizing a new patented technology of a SHL Console. By examining three key factors of pedagogy, space, and technology, this study investigates the challenges and opportunities associated with facilitating peer learning with new technology. The empirical findings underscore that the integration of interactive educational technology, innovation in pedagogical development, and institutional re-thinking of the architecture of the learning environment are pivotal to effectively promoting peer learning. By offering some recommendations on the re-design of the SHL environment, educators and higher education institutions can create a more engaging, inclusive, and collaborative peer learning experience for students, ultimately promoting academic success and personal growth.
Individualism and Collectivism as Moderators of Relations between Adverse Childhood Experiences and Adolescent Aggressive Behavior
Authors: Dang Hoang-Minh , Le Trang , Chau Cindy , Nguyen Phuc T. , Weiss Bahr 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) are generally associated with impaired life functioning, including mental health. Prevalent globally, ACEs’ effects vary across cultural settings and groups. The present study assessed horizontal and vertical individualism and collectivism – key cultural dimensions – as moderators of ACEs’ relations to adolescent aggressive behavior. The study was conducted in Vietnam, a Southeast Asian nation with high levels of collectivism but with levels of individualism increasing with globalization. The cross-sectional study included 644 high-school students (mean age = 16.6 years; 54% female). Self-report measures assessed ACEs, adolescent aggressive behavior, and individualism and collectivism. Given collectivism’s focus on supporting one’s social communities, it was hypothesized that collectivism would serve as a protective factor for statistical effects of ACEs on aggression. All four moderator analyses involving collectivism supported this hypothesis; i.e., at high levels of collectivism, relations between ACEs and aggression were significantly smaller than at low levels of collectivism. Statistical effects were largest for vertical (endorsing hierarchical power structures) collectivism. In the one significant individualism moderator analysis, individualism served as a risk factor for (i.e., increased) statistical effects of ACEs on proactive aggression. Results highlight the importance of the horizontal-vertical sub-dimensions, as they may provide for more precise theoretical explanatory and intervention models. For instance, concern for the power hierarchy’s reactions (vertical collectivism) to one’s aggression vs. concern for harm to one’s groups (horizontal collectivism) by one’s aggression have different implications for prevention and treatment that may be useful for maximizing interventions’ effectiveness.