bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Methodological foundations of a multidimensional approach to the understanding of law and its importance for legal practice
Authors: Popov V. I. 
Published: April 2019

The article is devoted to the methodological approaches underlying recognition of law as a multidimensional phenomenon rather than to the problems of legal understanding. Methodological grounds of the multidimensional nature of law include the nature of the concept itself that is inseparable from the theory of systems, the general theory of normativity, subjective, objective and intersubjective nature of law, the theory of indifferent methodological series, as well as the needs of legal practice. The list of grounds for recognition of superiority of the multidimensional approach to understanding of law is not limited to the above mentioned methodological approaches. The multidimensional approach to the understanding of law is takes the form of various legal concepts constituting an integral organic system interacting with legal practice, making a systemic impact on it with the purpose to transform it and to meet moral and material needs of the society, state and individual. The multidimensional approach to understanding law does not represent a fragmented legal concept. This approach appears as an integral organically interconnected system of concepts that are not in a state of confrontation with each other, but, on the contrary, use the entire accumulated arsenal of legal patterns to transform law-making and law-enforcement processes.The most generalized experience of conceptual expression of law can be represented as monistic, pluralistic and multiaspectual approaches to the understanding of law. An integral or integrative concept of legal understanding is derived from the multiaspectual approach, because, in order to carry out the integration operation, it is necessary to determine some elements of the multiplicity.
The right of a student and a teacher to an individual appearance
Authors: Maleina M. N. 
Published: April 2019

An individual appearance (image) in a broad sense includes appearance, figure, physical abilities, clothing, that is, the totality of such information about a person that can be obtained without resorting to specific examinations. The positive content of the subjective right to individual appearance consists of the authority to independently determine and use an individual appearance, to dispose an image. Legal statuses of the student and the teacher make authority and limits of implementation and ways to protect the right to an individual appearance more specific.Assessing the legitimacy of setting appearance requirements, the author draws attention to the requirements for clothing and other elements of appearance and the requirements applied to the procedure of decision-making. The Federal Law on Education does not provide for restricting such elements of students’ appearance as hair, makeup, tattoos, piercing, jewelry. Therefore, such restrictions concerning the right to individual appearance established by educational organizations are allowed only if they have been passed in compliance with the rules of adoption of local acts of educational organizations.The article provides a solution to the situation when the draft act of the educational organization concerning students’ appearance is not equally evaluated by the сouncil of students, сouncil of parents, a representative body of employees of this organization and (or) students.Under the Model Code of Professional Ethics of Teachers, general requirements for the appearance of the teacher are advisory in nature. Therefore, if the employee violates moral norms, then moral rather than legal sanctions should be applied. The question arises whether it is possible to evaluate certain appearance of the teacher as an immoral offense also when the teacher is out of work. The article substantiates that it is necessary to establish different legal consequences of immoral offenses committed by the teacher out of work taking into account the form of fault. If the teacher commits an immoral offense out of work and informs an indefinite number of people about it, then we deal with a conscious promotion of his or her conduct, his own assessment of his or her conduct as permissible, while the society (a part of the society) evaluates such behavior as immoral. In the above cases, it is justified to apply measures provided for under labor legislation. If the teacher commits an immoral act out of work and this becomes known accidentally while the teacher is unaware of the fact of disclosure and sometimes when the disclosure takes place against his will, the application of measures of labor legislation regulating dismissal is questionable. In this regard, it is proposed to amend the provisions of the Labor Code concerning consequences of immoral misconduct of the teacher.
History of law on traffic offences in the criminal code of Kazakhstan
Authors: Bakishev K. A. 
Published: April 2019

The author investigates the history of development of criminal legislation on liability for offenses related to violation of traffic safety rules or operation of transport, from 1917 to 2014. The paper analyzes the decrees and resolutions of the Soviet period in the field of traffic safety, articles of the Criminal code of the RSFSR as amended in 1922 and 1926, acting on the territory of modern Kazakhstan until January 1, 1960, the norms of the Criminal Code of the Kazakh SSR in 1959, the Criminal Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan as amended in 1997 and 2014 on transport crimes. The analyzed period is characterized by the appearance of a special Chapter of the special part of the Criminal Code, a steady increase in the number of articles on liability for transport offenses, the specification of articles of a general nature by the allocation of special rules, tougher responsibility for violations of safety rules, which caused serious consequences, the transfer of certain transport administrative offenses to the criminal law, etc. This trend is explained by the rapid growth of the country’s transport fleet, the increase in speed, intensity of traffic, the need to protect society from accidents and catastrophes and bringing the criminal law in line with the needs of practice.
Análise de uma inovação no processo de captação de recursos de uma instituição pública à luz da Criação do Conhecimento Organizacional e da Aprendizagem Multinível
Authors: Cavalcante Fernando Victor , Toda Favio Akiyoshi , Renault Thiago Borges 
Published: April 2019

Este estudo objetiva investigar os processos de aprendizagem e criação do conhecimento que subsidiaram o desenvolvimento de uma inovação no processo de captação de recursos de uma instituição pública tendo como base a teoria de Criação do Conhecimento Organizacional de Nonaka e Takeuchi (2008) e o frameworkde aprendizagem multinível proposto por Crossan, Lane e White (1999). Trata-se de um estudo sobre o Escritório de Captação de Recursos da Fiocruz, que passou a atuar de forma prospectiva mediante um plano de mobilização de recursos baseado no potencial de cada projeto em oferecer benefícios aos potenciais patrocinadores, subvertendo a lógica dominante de esperar por empresas para patrocinar projetos. Para o desenvolvimento da pesquisa adotou-se o estudo de caso, com uma abordagem qualitativa de caráter exploratório-descritivo e os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevistas, observação e pesquisa documental. A análise dos dados foi guiada por categorias estabelecidas a partir da integração das teorias mencionadas, por meio do qual foram identificados processos de criação de conhecimento e aprendizagem aderentes às teorias consideradas. Os resultados evidenciaram o perfil empreendedor, as trocas de experiências entre indivíduos, o contexto ambiental e o apoio de instâncias superiores como elementos cruciais para o desenvolvimento da inovação.
A influência da promoção de vendas na decisão de compra dos consumidores de uma empresa varejista gaúcha
Authors: Landskren Jordana , Santos Mirela Jeffman dos , Schneider Leonardo Gustavo 
Published: April 2019

A promoção de vendas é considerada um importante fator de influência de compra, especialmente no ponto de venda. Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar a influência da promoção de vendas na decisão de compras dos clientes do varejo. Por meio de um levantamento com 100 clientes de uma loja de bazar e da realização do teste t de student, observou-se diferença estatisticamente significativa entre as médias das respostas com e sem o estímulo da promoção, evidenciando a sua influência na intenção de compra dos clientes. Constatou-se também que as promoções consideradas mais interessantes pelos clientes são brindes e cupons de desconto. Neste sentido, contribuições gerenciais e acadêmicas foram discutidas na conclusão, ressaltando que os resultados são aplicáveis à realidade pesquisada, não podendo ser generalizados.
Mediação docente e o processo de objetivação filosófica dos estudantes no ensino médio
Authors: Vieira Wilson José , Horn Geraldo Balduino , Zanini Raquel Aline 
Published: April 2019

Pesquisa realizada a partir de observação sistemática do ambiente escolar e em especial das aulas de filosofia ministradas a estudantes de 3º ano do Ensino Médio de uma escola pública de Curitiba, no ano de 2015. Utiliza a metodologia de observação participante para analisar e compreender a objetivação filosófica dos estudantes a partir do uso do texto de filosofia. Analisa os dados empíricos produzidos pelos estudantes e os coletados durante aulas do professor-colaborador de Filosofia com o objetivo de compreender a aprendizagem filosófica a partir do texto clássico. Analisa como o conhecimento filosófico se realiza (objetivação) e se instala mediado praxiologicamente no cotidiano dos estudantes. Mostra que a mediação do professor é um dos elementos centrais para a aprendizagem filosófica a partir de textos: leitura, interpretação, sistematização e apropriação do conhecimento filosófico.
ANALYSIS OF MIGRATION OF AQUATIC AND SEMIAQUATIC BIRDS ON THE TERRITORY OF THE REPUBLIC OF DAGESTAN AND JUSTIFICATION OF THE CHOICE OF KEY POINTS OF MONITORING OF INFLUENZA A VIRUS
Authors: Alekseev A. Yu. , Murashkina T. A. , Jamalutdinov J. M. , Abdullaev S. S. , Akhmedrabadanov K. A. , Sharshov K. A. 
Published: April 2019

Aim. The aim of the work is to carry out an analysis of the wetlands of the Republic of Dagestan in order to justify the selection of the collecting sites for material from migratory aquatic and semi aquatic birds in order to monitor the influenza A virus.Material and methods. Studying scientific publications of different years and available information on the wetlands of the Caspian Dagestan allowed establishing the areas of concentration of aquatic and semiaquatic birds where effective sampling for avian influenza is possible.Results. The spread of avian influenza viruses in nature is inextricably linked with migration of birds. Due to the presence of a large number of reservoirs, the western part of the Caspian region brings together large populations of wild waterbirds from various places within their migration routes. Mass accumulation encourages the interaction of birds of different species and populations, which in turn creates favorable conditions for the spread of various viral diseases.Conclusion. For an integrated assessment of the state of aquatic and semiaquatic bird populations, as well as monitoring the avian influenza infection rates, it is proposed to consider as model areas the wetlands of the Lake Aji (Papas), Lake Yuzhny Agrakhan, Agrakhansky Gulf, the Terek River delta and the Achikolsky systems of lake.
FAUNA AND DISTRIBUTION OF GASTROPOD AND BIVALVE MOLLUSKS (MOLLUSCA: GASTROPODA, BIVALVIA) IN THE LITTORAL ZONE OF THE FAR EAST MARINE BIOSPHERE RESERVE (PETER THE GREAT BAY, SEA OF JAPAN)
Authors: Lebedev E. B. , Levenets I. R. 
Published: April 2019

Aim.The littoral fauna of the Far East Marine Reserve was studied at the end of the last century; however, the monitoring studies of the malacofauna are relevant because of the increased recreational load and the threat of new species introduction. The aim of the work is to update the data on species composition and distribution of gastropods and bivalves on the littoral zone of the reserve.Methods.The material was collected during the monitoring studies in 2012-2014. The compilation of the collections and identification of the species were carried out according to standard methods. For the definition, conventional determinants and atlases were used.Results.As a result of the research, 49 species and taxa of mollusks were found, including 33 gastropods and 15 species and 1 hybrid of bivalves. New for the littoral fauna of the reserve were 13 species of Gastropoda, 3 species and 1 hybrid Bivalvia. It was established that the introduction of Atlantic mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis into benthic communities occurs through its hybridization with native species.Conclusion.The data obtained allows us to present a more complete picture of the biodiversity and distribution of the littoral malacofauna of the reserve, an integral part of Peter the Great Bay.
MORPHOBIOCHEMICAL FUNCTIONS OF THE SHEEP ORGANISM AND THEIR ADJUSTMENT IN THE CONDITIONS OF IODINE DEFICIENCY
Authors: Selionova M. I. , Mikhailenko A. K. , Chizhova L. N. , Chotchaeva C. B. , Surzhikova E. S. 
Published: April 2019

Aim.Widespread iodine deficiency causing endemic diseases in the highlands of the North Caucasus relate to the iodine epidemic. This type of pathology causes economic damage to the livestock industry, including sheep. In this regard, the aim of this work was to study morphobiochemical changes, hormonal (thyroid) background, immune reactivity in Karachai sheep during ontogenesis in different ecological zones with different iodine availability levels as well as to consider the effect of exogenous hormone (thyroxine) on the immune status of young stock under conditions of iodine deficiency and determine promising ways of developing an effective method of prevention and treatment against the pathology.Methods.We conducted an analysis of the blood of lambs aged 1, 2, 3, 4 and 8 months kept in conditions of unequal iodine provision. The serum concentration of thyroid hormones (T3, T4) was evaluated by the results of an enzyme immunoassay, morphobiochemical status and immune reactivity by hematological, biochemical analysis, correction of iodine deficiency by intramuscular injections of thyroxine at a dose of 1 mg/kg with an interval of 2-3 months.Results.The ontogenetic features of the formation of morphobiochemical systems, hormonal background, immune status in sheep kept in different climatic zones with different iodine provision were established.Conclusion.Disorders of hematopoietic function, differences in hematological parameters, hypoproteinemia, changes in hormonal levels, low levels of immunocompetent T and B cells in the blood of sheep from different zones were detected. It was established that the metabolic response to exogenous thyroxine contributed to the normalization of metabolic processes and activation of cellular immunity.
Provision of Biological Safety in the Territory of the Republic of Tatarstan during Preparation and Holding of FIFA World Cup-2018 in Kazan
Authors: Patyashina M. A. , Trofimova M. V. , Avdonina L. G. , Garaeva L. T. , Mansurova G. R. 
Published: April 2019

Objective – assessment of effectiveness of the measures for biological safety provision at potentially hazardous facilities in the territory of the Republic of Tatarstan in the process of preparation and holding of FIFA World Cup-2018 in Kazan. Materials and methods. Regulatory-legal acts covering the requirements to the provision of biological safety during the work with pathogenic biological agents, international guidelines and documents determining inter-agency collaboration between the Rospotrebnadzor Administration in the Republic of Tatarstan and other departments and inter-agency task forces (Office of the Federal Security Bureau of Russia in the Republic of Tatarstan, Counter-Terrorism Commission in the Republic of Tatarstan, etc) were studied. Results and discussion. Considered were managerial-methodological approaches and matters of inter-agency cooperation on biological safety provision during preparation and holding of FIFA World Cup-2018 in Kazan. Biological safety was examined through the prism of its provision while working with pathogenic biological agents at potentially hazardous biological facilities and counterterrorism integrity of the objects. The guiding, directive document in the performance of the complex of measures on biological safety provision and inter-agency collaboration was the Order of the President of the Russian Federation dated May 09, 2017 No 202 “On peculiarities of application of reinforced security measures during holding of FIFA World Cup-2018 and FIFA Confederations Cup-2017 in Russia”. As the result of the measures conducted, biological safety, including counter-terrorism security of potentially hazardous biological objects and sanitary-epidemiological welfare, was fully provided.
Overview of the Epidemiological Situation on Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Virus in Russia in 2018
Authors: Marchenko V. Yu. , Goncharova N. I. , Evseenko V. A. , Susloparov I. M. , Gavrilova E. V. , Maksyutov R. A. , Ryzhikov A. B. 
Published: April 2019

Analyzed was modern epidemiological situation on highly pathogenic avian flu in 2018. Prognosis for possible further distribution of viruses in the territory of Russia was made. In 2018, the situation on highly pathogenic avian flu in Russia was challenging. This was due to the spread of the viruses clade 2.3.4.4, which caused multiple outbreaks among wild birds and poultry in European part of Russia. In addition, A/H5N6 avian influenza virus circulation was for the first time detected in the Saratov Region during routine avian influenza virus surveillance. In May, 2018 two different lineages of avian influenza A/H9N2 were isolated during the outbreaks that occurred at several poultry plants in Primorsk Territory and Amur Region of Russia. Subsequently, that virus subtype continued spreading in Russia, which was recorded by detection of the A/H9N2 influenza virus in wild birds in the Khabarovsk and Tomsk Regions of Russia. Thus, it is shown yet again that the territory of Russia plays an important geographical role in the spread of avian influenza viruses.
Cholera Forecast for the Year 2019 Based on Assessment of Epidemiological Situation Around the World, Across CIS and Russia in 2009–2018
Authors: Moskvitina E. A. , Yanovich E. G. , Kruglikov V. D. , Titova S. V. , Kurilenko M. L. , Pichurina N. L. , Vodop’yanov A. S. , Levchenko D. A. , Ivanova S. M. , Vodop’yanov S. O. , Oleynikov I. P. 
Published: April 2019

Analysis of cholera incidence for the period of 2009–2018 was performed. The upward tendency in the morbidity rate dynamics around the world (compared to 2009) with an average annual growth rate of 5,352 % was revealed. For the first time during the 7th pandemic caused by V. cholerae O1 El Tor, WHO reported 1227391 cases of cholera world-wide in 2017, out of which 1032481 (84.1%) were registered in Yemen, where the war continues and one of the largest epidemics in the world. There have been cross-border epidemiological complications in several African countries. Endemic foci continue to exist and spread in Asia, Africa and the Caribbean. Under the epidemiological surveillance in Russia, 744 strains of V. cholerae El Tor – ctxA– tcpA–, ctxA– tcpA+ and V. cholerae О139 ctxA– and tcpA– were isolated from the surface water bodies, as well as single strains of El Tor ctxA+ tcpA+. As a result of INDEL- and PCR-genotyping, the isolation of strains with identical genotypes and new ones was established. To make the prognosis for 2019, the risk of activation (continuation) of the cholera epidemic process in the world was assessed, taking into account emergencies of different origin and risk factors. The cholera forecast at the global level and in Russia for 2019 is unfavorable.
Tick-Borne Viral Encephalitis Morbidity Rates in the Constituent Entities of the Russian Federation. Communication 1: Epidemiological Situation on Tick-Borne Viral Encephalitis in 2018 and Forecast for 2019
Authors: Noskov A. K. , Andaev E. I. , Nikitin A. Ya. , Pakskina N. D. , Yatsmenko E. V. , Verigina E. V. , Tolmacheva M. I. , Balakhonov S. V. 
Published: April 2019

Epidemiological situation on tick-borne viral encephalitis in the Russian Federation in 2018 was analyzed. Dynamics of the incidence, medical aid appealability among persons who suffered from tick suction, virus carriage of the vector; vaccination volumes, seroprophylaxis; acaricide treatment are reported in the paper. Utilized were the data on operative monitoring performed by the Rospotrebnadzor Institutions in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation and form data from the Federal statistical survey «Data on Infectious and Parasitic Diseases» over the period of 2009–2017, and also information from the operative monitoring, 2018. The increase in medical aid appealability among the population due to tick suctions was observed in all endemic Federal Districts (FD) of the European part of the Russian Federation during the epidemic season, 2018. The total of 1508 cases in 46 constituent entities of the country was registered: Siberian FD – 44.3 % of the cases, Privolzhsky FD – 22 %, Ural FD – 14.7 %, Northwest FD – 12.6 %,Central FD – 3.7 % , and Far Eastern FD – 1.7 %. Twenty two cases had lethal outcomes. Nation average infection rate of ticks taken off from humans was 1.38 %, from environment objects – 0.61 %. General level of tick infectivity was 1.5 times lower in 2018 as compared to 2017. The forecast of the incidence for 2019, taking into account the presence or absence of the trend fluctuations in the constituent entities in 2009–2018 and the values of the 95 % confidential interval of the possible parameter variations, is presented. The further gradual improvement of the epidemiological conditions for tick-borne viral encephalitis is expected. According to estimates, in 2019, morbidity rates will be 0.19 0/0000 in CentralFD, with value fluctuations ranging between 0.128 to 0.247 cases, in Northwest FD – 1.12 0/0000 (0.112 to 2.122 0/0000), Privolzhsky FD – 0.67 0/0000 (0↔1.649), Ural FD – 1.2 0/0000 (0↔4.590), Siberian FD – 3.4 0/0000 (1.319↔5.471), and Far Eastern – 0.65 0/0000 (0.522↔0.770).