bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Measuring precise radial velocities on individual spectral lines
Authors: Dumusque X. 
Published: September 2018

Context. Stellar activity is the main limitation to the detection of an Earth-twin using the radial-velocity (RV) technique. Despite many efforts in trying to mitigate the effect of stellar activity using empirical and statistical techniques, it seems that we are facing an obstacle that will be extremely difficult to overcome using current techniques.
Aims. In this paper, we investigate a novel approach to derive precise RVs considering the wealth of information present in high-resolution spectra.
Methods. This new method consists of building a master spectrum from all available observations and measure the RVs of each individual spectral line in a spectrum relative to this master. When analysing several spectra, the final product of this approach is the RVs of each individual line as a function of time.
Results. We demonstrate on three stars intensively observed with HARPS that our new method gives RVs that are extremely similar to the one derived from the HARPS data reduction software. Our new approach to derive RVs demonstrates that the non-stability of daily HARPS wavelength solution induces night-to-night RV offsets with an standard deviation of 0.4 m s−1, and we propose a solution to correct for this systematic. Finally, and this is probably the most astrophysically relevant result of this paper, we demonstrate that some spectral lines are strongly affected by stellar activity while others are not. By measuring the RVs on two carefully selected subsample of spectral lines, we demonstrate that we can boost by a factor of two or mitigate by a factor of 1.6 the red noise induced by stellar activity in the 2010 RV measurements of α Cen B.
Conclusions. By measuring the RVs of each spectral line, we are able to reach the same RV precision as other approved techniques. In addition, this new approach allows us to demonstrate that each spectral line is differently affected by stellar activity. Preliminary results show that studying in details the behaviour of each spectral line is probably the key to overcome the obstacle of stellar activity.
Les multiples rôles de la protéine Core du virus de l’hépatite B
Authors: Chabrolles Hélène , Lahlali Thomas , Auclair Héloïse , Salvetti Anna 
Published: September 2018

L’infection par le virus de l’hépatite B (HBV) constitue un problème majeur de santé publique avec plus de 250 millions de personnes chroniquement infectées au niveau mondial, qui présentent un risque important d’évolution vers la cirrhose et le cancer du foie. Les traitements disponibles permettent de réduire la réplication virale mais pas d’éliminer le virus. Il est donc primordial de développer de nouvelles thérapies antivirales. Des modulateurs allostériques (ou CAM), qui interfèrent avec les fonctions structurales de Core, la protéine de capside du virus, sont actuellement en évaluation clinique. L’étude des fonctions régulatrices de la protéine Core pourrait également permettre d’identifier des agents ciblant l’hôte et de développer des thérapies combinées pour un meilleur contrôle de la réplication virale.
Myelodysplastische Syndrome
Authors: Strupp Corinna , Schuck Anna , Haas Rainer 
Published: September 2018

ZusammenfassungMyelodysplastische Syndrome (MDS) sind Knochenmarkerkrankungen einer klonal entarteten hämatopoietischen Stamm- oder Progenitorzelle, die zu einer ineffektiven
Hämatopoiese führen und mit einem erhöhten Risiko für einen Übergang in eine akute myeloische Leukämie einhergehen. MDS treten meist im höheren Lebensalter auf
und haben einen individuell sehr unterschiedlichen Krankheitsverlauf. Mittels einer zytologischen, zytogenetischen und histologischen Untersuchung des
Knochenmarks wird die Diagnose gestellt. Patienten mit Niedrigrisiko erhalten in palliativer Intention unter anderem Transfusionen mit Blutprodukten, ggf. eine
Eisenchelation, Erythropoetin bei niedrigem endogenen Erythropoetin-Spiegel und Lenalidomid beim Vorliegen einer 5q- Deletion. Demgegenüber kommt für Patienten
mit Hochrisiko-Konstellation in einem Alter von 65–70 Jahren ohne relevante Komorbidität eine allogene Blutstammzelltransplantation in kurativer Intention in
Frage. Patienten die nicht für eine Transplantation in Frage kommen, können in palliativer Intention mit der hypomethylierenden Substanz 5-Azacitidine behandelt
werden.
Rhodium-Catalyzed Cascade Annulative Coupling of 3,5-Diarylisoxazoles with Alkynes
Authors: Noguchi Teppei , Nishii Yuji , Miura Masahiro 
Published: September 2018

A rhodium-catalyzed cascade annulative coupling of 3,5-di­arylisoxazoles with three equivalents of an alkyne proceeds smoothly in the presence of a Cu(II) oxidant, where the sequential construction of isoquinoline and naphtho[1,8-bc]pyran frameworks connected by a biaryl linkage is achieved by a single operation. Most of the obtained polycyclic compounds exhibit visible fluorescence in both the solution and the solid state. The hexaphenylated isoquinoline-naphthopyran conjugate (R = Ph) as a representative product shows a green emission which can be turned off by making an isoquinolinium salt with an acid. The emission is also reversibly turned on by treatment with a base.
Integrated Electronic Discharge Summaries—Experience of a Tertiary Pediatric Institution
Authors: Katz Merav L. , South Mike , Cheng Daryl R. 
Published: September 2018

Objective Succinct and timely discharge summaries (DSs) facilitate ongoing care for patients discharged from acute care settings. Many institutions have introduced electronic DS (eDS) templates to improve quality and timeliness of clinical correspondence. However, significant intrahospital and intraunit variability and application exists. A review of the literature and guidelines revealed 13 key elements that should be included in a best practice DS. This was compared against our pediatric institution's eDS template—housed within an integrated electronic medical record (EMR) and used across most inpatient hospital units.
Methods Uptake and adherence to the suggested key elements was measured by comparing all DSs for long stay inpatients (> 21-day admission) during the first year of the EMR eDS template's usage (May 2016–April 2017).
Results A total of 472 DSs were evaluated. Six of 13 key elements were completed in > 98.0% of DSs. Conversely, only < 5.0% included allergies or adverse reaction data, and < 11.0% included ceased medications or pending laboratory results. Inclusion of procedure information and pending laboratory results significantly improved with time (p = 0.05 and p < 0.04, respectively), likely as doctors became more familiar with EMR and autopopulation functions. Inclusion of “discharge diagnosis” differed significantly between medical (n = 406/472; 99.0%) and surgical (n = 32/472; 51.6%) DSs.
Conclusion Uptake and adherence to an EMR eDS template designed to meet best practice guidelines in a pediatric institution was strong, although significant improvements in specific data elements are needed. Strategies can include a modification of existing eDS templates and junior medical staff education around best practice.
Philosophische Grundlagen der Psychiatrie und ihre Anwendung
Authors: Fuchs T. 
Published: September 2018

ZusammenfassungDie Philosophie lässt sich nicht nur als eine Nachbardisziplin, sondern auch als eine Grundlagenwissenschaft für die Psychiatrie auffassen, deren Bedeutung in den letzten Jahren national und international stark zugenommen hat. Der vorliegende Beitrag stellt drei grundlegende Aufgaben dar, die die Philosophie in der Psychiatrie erfüllen kann: 1. Klärung der psychiatrischen Grundbegriffe; 2. Methoden- und Paradigmenreflexion; 3. Grundlegung psychiatrischer Konzeptionen. Schließlich werden die speziellen Themen des 1. Leib-Seele-Problems, 2. des Ursachenbegriffs, 3. des Krankheitsbegriffs und 4. der Subjektivität erörtert.
Inanspruchnahme psychosozialer Hilfsangebote durch Frauen mit türkischem Migrationshintergrund in psychischen Krisen
Authors: Heredia Montesinos A. , Yesil R. , Bromand Z. , Temur-Erman S. , Heinz A. , Rapp M. A. , Schouler-Ocak M. , Aichberger M. C. 
Published: September 2018

ZusammenfassungHintergrund: Bisher ist wenig über den Einfluss der Migrationsgeneration auf die tatsächliche und potenzielle Inanspruchnahme in psychischen Krisen durch Migrantinnen mit türkischer Herkunft bekannt. Methode: Es wurden 101 Frauen mit türkischem Migrationshintergrund Interviewer gestützt und mit Hilfe verschiedener Fragebögen befragt. Ergebnisse: Frauen mit türkischem Migrationshintergrund der ersten und der zweiten Generation unterschieden sich nicht bezüglich der potenziellen Inanspruchnahme in psychischen Krisensituationen. Migrantinnen der ersten Generation und Migrantinnen mit einem segregierten Akkulturationsstil berichteten, sich weniger über bestehende psychologische Angebote informiert zu fühlen. Sie gaben an Informationen über psychosoziale Hilfsdienste in der Muttersprache hilfreich zu finden. Schlussfolgerungen: Für eine Verbesserung der Inanspruchnahme psychosozialer Versorgungseinrichtungen scheint es wesentlich, gezielte Subgruppen anzusprechen, um insbesondere Frauen mit geringen Deutschkenntnissen den Zugang zu erleichtern.
Opioid Detoxification in Pregnancy: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Perinatal Outcomes
Authors: Wang Michelle , Kuper Spencer , Sims Brian , Paddock Cayce , Dantzler John , Muir Suzanne , Harper Lorie 
Published: September 2018

Objective We sought to compare the efficacy and safety of detoxification from opioids compared with opioid replacement therapy (ORT) during pregnancy.
Study Design We searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and ClinicalTrials.gov from inception to June 2017 for English-language randomized-controlled trials or cohort studies that compared detoxification with ORT. We sought studies with outcomes data on maternal abstinence at the time of delivery, neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS), stillbirth, and preterm birth (PTB). We calculated pooled relative risks (RRs) with a random-effects model, assessed heterogeneity using the chi-square test for heterogeneity, and quantified heterogeneity using the I
2 test. We assessed publication bias using funnel plots and the Harbord test.
Results Three cohort studies met the inclusion criteria; eligible studies included 235 women with opioid use disorder in pregnancy. Maternal detoxification was associated with increased risk of relapse (RR = 1.91; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.14–3.21); however, no treatment differences were observed for the rates of NAS (RR = 0.99; 95% CI = 0.38–2.53) or PTB (RR = 0.39; 95% CI = 0.10–1.60).
Conclusion Our findings suggest an increased risk of relapse with detoxification treatment compared with ORT; however, detoxification does not alter the risk of PTB or NAS. Further studies should confirm our findings and explore mechanisms to fight the current opioid epidemic.
Diagnosis of Atelosteogenesis Type I suggested by Fetal Ultrasonography and Atypical Paternal Phenotype with Mosaicism
Authors: Meira Joanna Goes Castro , Sarno Manoel Alfredo Curvelo , Faria Ágatha Cristhina Oliveira , Yamamoto Guilherme Lopes , Bertola Débora Romeo , Scheibler Gabriela Gayer , Tavares Dione Fernandes , Acosta Angelina Xavier 
Published: September 2018

AbstractAtelosteogenesis type I (AOI) is an autosomal dominant skeletal dysplasia caused by mutations in the filamin B (FLNB) gene with classic and well-recognizable clinical findings. However, parents affected with a mild phenotype, probably with somatic mosaicism, can generate offspring with a much more severe phenotype of AOI. In the present report, we describe a female newborn with classic AOI leading to early neonatal death, whose diagnostic was based on prenatal radiological findings and on the physical examination of the father. Since her father had limb deformities and corporal asymmetry, suggesting somatic mosaicism, his biological samples were analyzed through a gene panel for skeletal dysplasias. A missense mutation not previously described in the literature was detected in the FLNB gene, affecting ∼ 20% of the evaluated cells and, therefore, confirming the diagnosis of mosaic AOI in the father. The molecular analysis of the father was crucial to suggest the diagnosis of AOI in the newborn, since she died early and there were no biological samples available.
Shared Oocyte Donation: Ideas and Expectations in a Bioethical Context Based on a Qualitative Survey of Brazilian Women
Authors: Oppenheimer Drauzio , Oppenheimer Agatha Ramos , Vilhena Sthefano Teixeira de , Von Atzingen Augusto Castelli 
Published: September 2018

Objective Assisted reproduction combines innovative technologies and new forms of procreation through gamete donation; however, it also leads to moral and ethical issues and to the wide application of referential bioethics. The objective of the present study was to understand the bioethical context of shared oocyte donation.
Methods The present qualitative study used the Collective Subject Discourse methodology to interview donors and recipients in Brazil.
Results Donors suffer from infertility, and in vitro fertilization opens the possibility of having a child; however, the cost is high, and helping the recipient is more important than the financial cost. The recipients regret delaying motherhood; adopting a child is their last option, and they desire to feel the physical stages of pregnancy. The recipients find the rules unfair regarding the lack of an oocyte bank and the fact that the treatment must be performed in shared cycles; however, oocyte donation makes it possible to realize the common dream of motherhood.
Conclusion The obtained data showed that the patients are suffering and frustrated due to infertility, and they realize that in vitro fertilization may be the treatment they need. These women believe that children are essential in the constitution of the family, and scientific advances bring about innovative technologies and new forms of family constitution, with repercussions in the social, economic, political, and family contexts that lead to bioethical questions in Postmodernity.
Risk Assessment and Treatment Guide for Obstetric Thromboprophylaxis: Comprehensive Review of Current Guidelines
Authors: Deering Shad , Thiel Lisa , Eubanks Allison 
Published: September 2018

Objective Currently, there are numerous recommendations and often conflicting guidance provided for venous thromboembolism (VTE) prophylaxis in pregnancy. Our objective was to create a one-page risk assessment and treatment guide based on a review of the most recent and evidence-based publications on this subject to simplify the approach and allow all obstetric patients to be properly assessed for risk of VTE and treated if indicated.
Study Design We identified studies by completing a PubMed and MEDLINE search from January of 1980 through March 2017 with articles utilizing a specific combination of the selected general keywords (thrombophilia, pregnancy, VTE, prophylaxis, hypercoagulability, antepartum, postpartum, risk, etc.). We completed the search at the saturation point, meaning that all combinations of the relevant words were directing us to the same articles. After collecting the relevant sources and reviewing them, a total of 10 articles/guidelines were selected for inclusion in the analysis.
Results We outlined every recommendation in the identified articles and guidelines and included any recommendation that was cited in at least three different sources in the final guide. We used American College of Obstetrics and Gynecology recommendations as the base for screening and dosing guidelines and utilized known and published absolute risk values and odds ratios to stratify risk factors. This stratification was used for both antepartum and postpartum recommendations and a single-page guideline was created.
Conclusion This compilation of guidelines integrates the complicated topic into a simple comprehensive guide where women can be identified early and accurately for appropriate VTE prophylaxis to protect them during and after pregnancy.
Sprache und ihre Störungen in der Psychiatrie
Authors: Heim S. 
Published: September 2018

ZusammenfassungSprache ist zentraler Bestandteil der therapeutischen Interaktion vom Erstkontakt über die Diagnostik bis hin zur Intervention. Trotz dieser Allgegenwart in Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie werden Sprache und Sprachstörungen häufig ausschließlich der Neurologie, Neuropsychologie und Logopädie zugeordnet. Der vorliegende Artikel widmet sich daher zunächst der Einordnung der Sprachfähigkeit in den therapeutischen Alltag. Der zweite Teil erläutert die neurobiologischen Grundlagen der Sprachverarbeitung, die auf der Basis funktioneller Magnetresonanztomografie und unter Verwendung des Jülich-Düsseldorfer zytoarchitektonischen Wahrscheinlichkeitsatlasses des Gehirns identifiziert wurden. Der Fokus liegt hier auf den Funktionen der Broca-Region im linken Frontalhirn und ihrer Einbindung in verteilte Netzwerke der Sprachverarbeitung.
Sport psychiatry – a new frontier in a challenging world
Authors: Morse E. , Reardon C. L. , Newmark T. , Glick I. D. 
Published: September 2018

SummaryThis paper provides an overview of the field of sport psychiatry, including what a psychiatrist does, data on psychiatric issues related to athletes, evolution of the field, how to break into the field, and needs and challenges. Further controlled research is greatly needed, but 2010 may be the moment in time that the field blossoms and grows into maturity.
Phasic locus coeruleus activity regulates cortical encoding of salience information
Authors: Vazey Elena M. , Moorman David E. , Aston-Jones Gary 
Published: September 2018

Significance
Locus coeruleus (LC) function has been associated with focused attention across species. LC neurons fire tonically or with short phasic bursts. We found that phasic, but not tonic, LC activity produced attentional signals across cortex, including the P300 event-related potential, and revealed distinct long-latency signals in sensory networks. These long-latency signals were seen in subpopulations normally activated by intense or salient stimuli, meaning that phasic LC activation produced salience in sensory neurons. Phasic LC-generated sensory salience signals were tightly temporally regulated, and precisely timed phasic LC activation was able to generate “false salience” in sensory processing networks, in the absence of intense stimuli. Importantly, LC-induced salience signals occurred without changes in arousal, demonstrating independent mechanisms of LC-mediated arousal and attention.
Substance P and IL-33 administered together stimulate a marked secretion of IL-1β from human mast cells, inhibited by methoxyluteolin
Authors: Taracanova Alexandra , Tsilioni Irene , Conti Pio , Norwitz Errol R. , Leeman Susan E. , Theoharides Theoharis C. 
Published: September 2018

Significance
Mast cells are mandatory for allergic reactions and participate in inflammatory responses in which the peptide substance P (SP) and the cytokine IL-33 are involved. This report shows that SP administered together with IL-33 to cultured human mast cells causes a marked increase in the secretion and gene expression of IL-1β. These responses are mediated via the activation of the SP receptor NK-1 and the IL-33 receptor ST2 and can be inhibited by the natural flavonoid methoxyluteolin. These findings highlight the important role of SP and IL-33 in mast cell secretion of IL-1β and point to targets for the development of therapies for inflammatory diseases.
Enhancement of tensile properties by room-temperature quenching and partitioning of 0.2C–10Mn–2Al steel
Authors: Kim Dong Hwi , Kang Jee-Hyun , Ryu Joo Hyun , Kim Sung-Joon 
Published: September 2018

Processing conditions better than those of conventional quenching and partitioning process are suggested for 0.2C–10Mn–2Al steel. The steel can retain 24% of austenite on quenching to room temperature and effectively partition carbon from martensite to austenite at 200°C. The resulting tensile properties were comparable to those produced by conventional quenching and partitioning. Moreover, the suggested processing condition resolves an issue of intercritically annealed medium Mn steels by improving the yield strength and eliminating yield point phenomenon as well as serrated flow. This paper is part of a Thematic Issue on Medium Manganese Steels.
Atrophy subtypes in prodromal Alzheimer’s disease are associated with cognitive decline
Authors: ten Kate Mara , Dicks Ellen , Visser Pieter Jelle , van der Flier Wiesje M , Teunissen Charlotte E , Barkhof Frederik , Scheltens Philip , Tijms Betty M ,   Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease is a heterogeneous disorder. Understanding the biological basis for this heterogeneity is key for developing personalized medicine. We identified atrophy subtypes in Alzheimer’s disease dementia and tested whether these subtypes are already present in prodromal Alzheimer’s disease and could explain interindividual differences in cognitive decline. First we retrospectively identified atrophy subtypes from structural MRI with a data-driven cluster analysis in three datasets of patients with Alzheimer’s disease dementia: discovery data (dataset 1: n = 299, age = 67 ± 8, 50% female), and two independent external validation datasets (dataset 2: n = 181, age = 66 ± 7, 52% female; dataset 3: n = 227, age = 74 ± 8, 44% female). Subtypes were compared on clinical, cognitive and biological characteristics. Next, we classified prodromal Alzheimer’s disease participants (n = 603, age = 72 ± 8, 43% female) according to the best matching subtype to their atrophy pattern, and we tested whether subtypes showed cognitive decline in specific domains. In all Alzheimer’s disease dementia datasets we consistently identified four atrophy subtypes: (i) medial-temporal predominant atrophy with worst memory and language function, older age, lowest CSF tau levels and highest amount of vascular lesions; (ii) parieto-occipital atrophy with poor executive/attention and visuospatial functioning and high CSF tau; (iii) mild atrophy with best cognitive performance, young age, but highest CSF tau levels; and (iv) diffuse cortical atrophy with intermediate clinical, cognitive and biological features. Prodromal Alzheimer’s disease participants classified into one of these subtypes showed similar subtype characteristics at baseline as Alzheimer’s disease dementia subtypes. Compared across subtypes in prodromal Alzheimer’s disease, the medial-temporal subtype showed fastest decline in memory and language over time; the parieto-occipital subtype declined fastest on executive/attention domain; the diffuse subtype in visuospatial functioning; and the mild subtype showed intermediate decline in all domains. Robust atrophy subtypes exist in Alzheimer’s disease with distinct clinical and biological disease expression. Here we observe that these subtypes can already be detected in prodromal Alzheimer’s disease, and that these may inform on expected trajectories of cognitive decline.