bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Co-crystallization of 3,5-dinitrobenzoic acid with two antipsychotic agents: a simple 1:1 salt with trihexyphenidyl and a 1:2 acid salt containing a very short O—H...O hydrogen bond with chlorprothixene
Authors: Shaibah Mohammed A. E. , Yathirajan Hemmige S. , Rathore Ravindranath S. , Furuya Tetsundo , Haraguchi Tomoyuki , Akitsu Takashiro , Glidewell Christopher 
Published: January 2019

Co-crystallization of racemic 1-cyclohexyl-1-phenyl-3-(piperidin-1-yl)propan-1-ol (trihexyphenidyl) with 3,5-dinitrobenzoic acid gives a simple 1:1 salt, namely 1-(3-cyclohexyl-3-hydroxy-3-phenylpropyl)piperidin-1-ium 3,5-dinitrobenzoate, C20H32NO+·C7H3N2O6
−, (I), whereas a similar co-crystallization using (Z)-3-(2-chloro-9H-thioxanthen-9-yl)-N,N-dimethylpropan-1-amine (chlorprothixene) gives a 1:2 acid salt, namely (Z)-3-(2-chloro-9H-thioxanthen-9-yl)-N,N-dimethylpropan-1-aminium hydrogen bis(3,5-dinitrobenzoate), C18H19ClNS+·[H(C7H3N2O6)2]−, (II), the anion of which contains a very short O—H...O hydrogen bond, with dimensions O—H = 1.04 (3) Å, H...O = 1.41 (3) Å, O...O = 2.4197 (15) Å and O—H...O = 161 (3)°. In the cation of (I), the cyclohexyl and piperidyl rings both adopt chair conformations, whereas in the cation of (II), the central heterocyclic ring adopts a boat conformation, so that the dihedral angle between the two aryl rings is 41.56 (4)°. A combination of O—H...O, N—H...O and C—H...O hydrogen bonds links the ions of (I) into a complex chain of rings, and these chains are linked into sheets by π–π stacking interactions between inversion-related pairs of anions. In compound (II), a different combination of O—H...O, N—H...O and C—H...O hydrogen bonds links the ions into sheets. Comparisons are made with some related structures.
Communication, coordination, decision-making and knowledge-sharing: a case study in construction management
Authors: Al Nahyan Moza Tahnoon , Sohal Amrik , Hawas Yaser , Fildes Brian 
Published: January 2019

Purpose
This paper aims to examine four key management processes, namely, communication, coordination, decision-making and knowledge-sharing, to determine how these impact on transportation infrastructure project success. The context for this study is the construction of a major highway in the United Arab Emirates.

Design/methodology/approach
Multiple sources of data are used in this case study that include the following: examination of various documents relating to the project in question; interviews with ten key stakeholders involved with the construction of the project; observations made during the site visit and interviews conducted with four site engineers; a focus group conducted with six key stakeholders involved in the project; and finally interviews conducted with the Minister of Public Works and the Director-General of the Ministry of Public Works. Analysis was conducted using NVivo.

Findings
Identification and involvement of key stakeholders, particularly in the early phases of a construction project, is found to be highly critical. Managers must develop detailed understanding of stakeholders’ influence in terms of their legitimacy, power and urgency in achieving effectiveness of the management processes.

Originality/value
The study highlights how different stakeholders influence communication, coordination, decision-making and knowledge-sharing at different stages of the construction project. Hence, understanding stakeholder’s level of legitimacy, power and urgency across the different stages of a project is highly critical.
Determinants of innovation capability: the roles of transformational leadership, knowledge sharing and perceived organizational support
Authors: Le Phong Ba , Lei Hui 
Published: January 2019

PurposeThe study aims to explore the differences in transformational leadership’s (TL’s) influences on each aspect of innovation capability, namely, product innovation and process innovation. It also deepens understanding of the pathways and conditions to improve specific aspects of innovation capability by assessing the mediating role of knowledge sharing (KS) and moderating mechanism of perceived organizational support (POS).Design/methodology/approachThe paper utilized structural equation modeling and cross-sectional design to test hypotheses in the proposed research model based on using data collected from 394 participants at 88 Chinese firms.FindingsThe findings indicate that KS mediates TL’s effects on innovation capabilities. In addition, the influences of TL and KS on specific aspects of innovation capability are different and depend on the extent of employees’ POS.Research limitations/implicationsFuture studies should test mediating roles of knowledge management’s constituents and/or investigate the moderating roles of firm ownership form to increase the understanding of potential factors or key conditions that may have significant influences on a firm’s innovation capability.Practical implicationsThe paper significantly contributes to increasing the understanding of the link between TL and specific aspects of innovation capability by highlighting the important role of stimulating KS and enhancing POS.Originality/valueThe paper provides useful information and valuable initiatives to increase leadership outcomes and firm’s capability for innovation.
Mobile games: players’ experiences with in-app purchases
Authors: Ravoniarison Aina , Benito Cédric 
Published: January 2019

PurposeThis paper aims to offer a comprehensive perspective into Free-to-Play gamers’ attitudes, feelings toward and perceived value of in-app purchases (IAPs).Design/methodology/approachThe study is based on a twofold qualitative methodology using an inductive approach: user-generated YouTube videos and gamers’ online reviews posted on Play stores.FindingsEight topics have emerged out from the qualitative data related to the characteristics of a good/bad IAP, the IAPs as downsides, the ambiguity with traditional Pay-to-Play games, the financial-risk issues, the resistance behaviors, the worries about over-spending and addiction and the frustration mechanism.Research limitations/implicationsBy focusing on IAPs, this research contributes to build an integrative overview to better understand how players deal with IAPs and how this interaction should be analyzed in the light of multiple frameworks. Emphasis is placed on a continuum of player responses from tolerant metacognition to high degree of subversion.Originality/valueA twofold netnographic approach offers a novel contribution to the field of mobile games by bringing together two materials increasingly connected to the video game universe. It also brought to the fore an experiential context by providing insight into the underlying dynamics of Player/IAP interactions.
Therpackage divDyn for quantifying diversity dynamics using fossil sampling data
Authors: Kocsis Ádám T. , Reddin Carl J. , Alroy John , Kiessling Wolfgang 
Published: January 2019

AbstractUnbiased time series of diversity dynamics are vital for quantifying the grand history of life. Applications include identifying ancient mass extinctions and inferring both biotic and abiotic controls on diversification rates.We introduce divDyn, a newrpackage that facilitates the calculation of taxonomic richness, extinction and origination rates from time‐binned fossil data. State‐of‐the‐art counting protocols, and sampling standardization functions permit the reconstruction of biologically meaningful time series. Additional functions permit the partitioning of turnover rates by environmental affinity.Using divDyn, we display Phanerozoic‐scale diversity dynamics of marine invertebrates. With the help of the core function and standard subsampling options, we revisit the hypothesis of declining taxonomic rates over time, mass extinctions and equilibrial diversity dynamics and assess their methodological dependency. Our results suggest that rates declined only over the early Phanerozoic, only three mass extinctions stand out clearly, and evidence of equilibrial dynamics is dependent on the used methods.The modular and fast implementation of published methods ensures traceability, reproducibility and comparability of future studies.
Protecting the protected: reducing wildlife roadkill in protected areas
Authors: Collinson W. J. , Marneweck C. , Davies‐Mostert H. T. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractSocial media discussions highlight public concern for wildlife‐vehicle collisions (WVCs) inside protected areas. Using a quasi‐experimental field trial, we investigated factors affecting the likelihood of WVCs within Pilanesberg National Park, South Africa, and assessed the comparative effectiveness of wildlife‐warning signage (WWS) for altering driver behaviour. We laid a dummy snake crosswise on roads across four combinations of habitat and road shape and recorded 10 driver‐related variables for 1454 vehicles that passed the dummy snake, including whether there was a collision. An interaction between speeding and driver occupation (staff/visitor) was the best indicator for WVC. When driving below the speed limit, visitors were almost three times more likely than staff to hit the dummy snake. Collision probabilities increased when speeding and became more similar between visitors and staff, although still significantly higher for visitors. We then investigated the effectiveness of roadside signage in modifying driver behaviour by erecting four variations of WWS, depicting a snake or a cheetah, and in photographic or silhouette form. We positioned the dummy snake 100 m or 1 km after the signage and recorded our 10 variables (n = 6400 vehicles). Sixty‐one per cent of drivers who passed a WWS changed their behaviour when they saw the dummy snake, compared to 37% with no sign present. Further, this behaviour change significantly reduced collisions, where 98% of drivers who changed their behaviour avoided a collision. Finally, an interaction between the animal depicted and distance before the dummy snake affected collisions. A WWS depicting a snake, and placed 100 m before the dummy snake, was most effective at reducing collisions. Our results suggest that drivers adapt their behaviour to signage that portrays smaller animals and awareness retention is low. Ultimately, to reduce WVCs within protected areas, we suggest steeper penalties for speeding and WWS placed in WVC hotpot areas.
Listening to Images, Participatory Pedagogy, and Anthropological (Re‐)Inventions
Authors: Shankar Arjun 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACTIn this article, I provide examples of how listening to images produced the possibility for anthropological reinvention. I base my analysis on fieldwork conducted in Karnataka, India, and the participatory photography project we initiated together. I focus my attention on the pedagogic basis of listening and build on the premise that a multimodal anthropology of invention can “facilitate a pedagogy of engagement and performativity” (Dattatreyan and Marrero‐Guillamon 2019). I argue that listening is made possible through pedagogical methods that foreground an experience of teaching and learning in the field that, in turn, produces the kind of embodied recognition that revealed my participants’ many “practices of refusal” regarding their ruralness and who rural people are and what they do (Campt 2017). In taking these refusals seriously, I was forced to see from a perspective not already overdetermined by narratives of powerlessness, dispossession, and lack of will. In other words, a pedagogy of listening actually led me towards radical anthropological reinventions. [participation, multimodal, pedagogy, youth, India]
Understanding adolescent and parent acceptability and feasibility experience in a large Type 1 diabetes mellitus behavioural trial
Authors: Grossoehme D. H. , Smith E. , Standiford D. , Morwessel N. , Kichler J. , Maahs D. M. , Driscoll K. , Seid M. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractAimsUsing an 18‐month, multisite randomized control trial as an exemplar, the aim of this study was to identify themes related to adolescent and parental feasibility and acceptability for participation in large behavioural trials designed to improve adolescents’ Type 1 diabetes self‐management.MethodsThematic analysis methodology was used to develop themes describing factors related to acceptability and feasibility.ResultsBased on a sample of interviews (N = 72), factors contributing to intervention acceptability and feasibility were identified. Aspects of acceptability included: a framework for goal‐setting, the coach as a non‐judgemental listener, perception of an ongoing benefit to participation and the delivery mode. Aspects of feasibility included: participants’ altruism to help adolescents with Type 1 diabetes; pre‐enrolment preparation for intervention content and duration; and the option of remote intervention delivery via telephone or video, which minimized travel time and costs. In addition, participants described positive outcomes including improvements in behaviour, Type 1 diabetes self‐management behaviours and parent–adolescent communication, and emotion–attitude changes. Participants also described potential revisions that may inform future trials.ConclusionsAcceptability and feasibility of behavioural interventions with adolescents with chronic illness have multifactorial dimensions. While empowering adolescent self‐management, parental support is also an under‐appreciated aspect to consider. Potential revisions were identified for subsequent behavioural trials.
Education, age and skills: An analysis using PIAAC data
Authors: Calero Jorge , Murillo Huertas Inés P. , Raymond Bara Josep Lluís 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe main aim of this article is to analyse the change of adult skills, as captured by cognitive skills assessed in PIAAC, across age cohorts, taking into account that the quality of schooling may change from one cohort to another. We estimate a model that relates numeracy and literacy skills to age, schooling, gender and variables related to both family background and labour market performance. The specification allows us to control for changes in the efficiency of the transformation of schooling into skills when drawing age‐skill profiles. Our results show that the effect of ageing on skills, once isolated from cohort effects related to schooling, decreases monotonically across consecutive cohorts. The change of the efficiency of the transformation of schooling into both numeracy and literacy skills shows a remarkably similar pattern. Nonetheless, this change differs substantially between education levels, with the efficiency of the transformation of schooling into skills showing a steadier profile for intermediate than for higher education. Finally, empirical evidence is provided for the decomposition of the differences in the skill levels of the older vs. the prime age generations. The results suggest that the progressive expansion of schooling across younger generations partially offsets the negative effect of the irrepressible ageing of society on skills.
Doctorate holders’ careers in Spain: Does international mobility matter?
Authors: Caparros‐Ruiz Antonio 
Published: January 2019

AbstractPhD programmes are considered as transmission channels to provide specialisation and skills to students who will be employed as highly‐qualified workers or researchers. Focusing on the Spanish case, they are exerting a positive influence on workers’ careers since doctorate holders have a privileged situation in the labour market. This article analyses international mobility's effects on some aspects associated with doctorate holders’ careers such as their wages and how their current employment is related to their doctoral studies. The methodology applied consists in developing, on the one hand, a wage econometric specification and, on the other, a probit model, taking into account the possible mismatch between the training acquired in the doctoral studies and the educational requirements of the current job. In both cases, the dependent variables are explained by a set of regressors and a dummy variable showing whether doctorate holders have spent time in another country once completed their doctoral studies.
Pedology and digital soil mapping (DSM)
Authors: Ma Yuxin , Minasny Budiman , Malone Brendan P. , Mcbratney Alex B. 
Published: January 2019

Pedology focuses on understanding soil genesis in the field and includes soil classification and mapping. Digital soil mapping (DSM) has evolved from traditional soil classification and mapping to the creation and population of spatial soil information systems by using field and laboratory observations coupled with environmental covariates. Pedological knowledge of soil distribution and processes can be useful for digital soil mapping. Conversely, digital soil mapping can bring new insights to pedogenesis, detailed information on vertical and lateral soil variation, and can generate research questions that were not considered in traditional pedology. This review highlights the relevance and synergy of pedology in soil spatial prediction through the expansion of pedological knowledge. We also discuss how DSM can support further advances in pedology through improved representation of spatial soil information. Some major findings of this review are as follows: (a) soil classes can be mapped accurately using DSM, (b) the occurrence and thickness of soil horizons, whole soil profiles and soil parent material can be predicted successfully with DSM techniques, (c) DSM can provide valuable information on pedogenic processes (e.g. addition, removal, transformation and translocation), (d) pedological knowledge can be incorporated into DSM, but DSM can also lead to the discovery of knowledge, and (e) there is the potential to use process‐based soil–landscape evolution modelling in DSM. Based on these findings, the combination of data‐driven and knowledge‐based methods promotes even greater interactions between pedology and DSM.Highlights
Demonstrates relevance and synergy of pedology in soil spatial prediction, and links pedology and DSM.
Indicates the successful application of DSM in mapping soil classes, profiles, pedological features and processes.
Shows how DSM can help in forming new hypotheses and gaining new insights about soil and soil processes.
Combination of data‐driven and knowledge‐based methods recommended to promote greater interactions between DSM and pedology.
Factors affecting dental cleaning behaviour among pregnant women with gingivitis
Authors: Rahmani Azam , Hamanajm Suren Akram , Allahqoli Leila , Fallahi Arezoo 
Published: January 2019

AbstractObjectiveDespite the importance of oral health during pregnancy and its consequences for mother and child, dental cleaning behaviour is ineffective among pregnant women; therefore, the prevalence of gingivitis is high in this group. The aim of this study was to determine the factors affecting dental cleaning behaviour among pregnant women with gingivitis.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study was carried out in Sanandaj city, in the west of Iran in 2017. Using simple random sampling, 340 pregnant women from five health comprehensive service centres were recruited in the study. Data were gathered by a two‐section questionnaire. The first section included demographic information, and the second section involved variables of trans‐theoretical model, fear of dental care and social support. Analysis of data was done by SPSS software by frequency, descriptive, Student t‐test, ANOVA, chi‐square, correlation coefficient and regression.ResultsAbout 50% of the pregnant women were in the first stages of dental cleaning behaviour change. The mean score of gingival index (P = 0.01), perceived barriers (P < 0.001) and fear of dental care (P = 0.04) was higher in the initial stages of behaviour change (P < 0.001). Perceived self‐efficacy was directly correlated with social support and perceived benefits (P < 0.01). Dental cleaning behaviour increased 1.59 times and 1.42 times when perceived self‐efficacy and social support were increased one unit, respectively.ConclusionsThe results showed the majority of pregnant women had a low perception of the benefits of dental cleaning behaviour, did not have adequate incentive for doing the behaviour and did not receive the required social support.
Effects of triethylene glycol dimethacrylate and hydroxyethyl methacrylate on macrophage polarization
Authors: Kim I.‐S. , Park H. C. , Quan H. , Kim Y. , Wu L. , Yang H.‐C. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractAimTo evaluate the effects of hydrophilic dental resin monomers, triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA) and hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), on the polarization of a human monocyte cell line (THP‐1).MethodologyTHP‐1 cells were treated with resin monomers at noncytotoxic concentrations for 48 h and were analysed for CD86 and CD206 expressions using flow cytometry. The cells were stimulated for polarization in the presence of resin monomers (co‐treatment) or after treatment with monomers (pre‐treatment). CD86 and CD206 mRNA in co‐treated cells was evaluated using quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction. The release of TNF‐α and TGF‐β by pre‐treated and co‐treated cells was assessed using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. Morphological changes of macrophages during polarization were observed using bright‐field microscopy. One‐way analysis of variance was used for statistical analysis.ResultsTEGDMA (1 mmol L−1) and HEMA (2 mmol L−1) did not induce CD86 and CD206 expressions in THP‐1 cells but rather inhibited their expressions in the co‐treated cells. The inhibitory effects also appeared at the transcription level. However, the expression of surface markers was not affected by pre‐treatment with resin monomers. The release of TNF‐α and TGF‐β by M1‐ and M2‐stimulated cells, respectively, was suppressed by co‐treatment (P < 0.05). Microscopic studies revealed that co‐treatment with resin monomers suppressed polarization‐associated morphological changes such as cell volume increase.ConclusionsTEGDMA and HEMA inhibited macrophage polarization to both M1 and M2 at the transcription level, and the inhibitory effects disappeared upon the removal of resin monomers from the cell culture.
Effects of game‐based learning on students' mathematics achievement: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Tokac Umit , Novak Elena , Thompson Christopher G. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThis meta‐analysis investigated the effects of learning video games on mathematics achievement of PreK‐12th‐grade students compared with traditional classroom instructional methods. Results from the 24 collected studies showed heterogeneity among effect sizes, both in magnitude and direction. Using a random effects model, a small but marginally significant overall effect (
) suggested that mathematics video games contributed to higher learning gains as compared with traditional instructional methods. In addition, moderator analyses were mixed in terms of statistical significance and explored effect‐size heterogeneity across effects using grade level, instrument type, length of game‐based intervention, country, publication type, and study year characteristics. Overall findings indicate that video games are a slightly effective instructional strategy for teaching mathematics across PreK‐12th‐grade levels.