bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pregnancy outcome of Japanese patients with glucokinase–maturity‐onset diabetes of the young
Authors: Hosokawa Yuki , Higuchi Shinji , Kawakita Rie , Hata Ikue , Urakami Tatsuhiko , Isojima Tsuyoshi , Takasawa Kei , Matsubara Yohei , Mizuno Haruo , Maruo Yoshihiro , Matsui Katsuyuki , Aizu Katsuya , Jinno Kazuhiko , Araki Shunsuke , Fujisawa Yasuko , Osugi Koji , Tono Chikako , Takeshima Yasuhiro , Yorifuji Tohru 
Published: March 2019

AbstractAims/IntroductionGlucokinase–maturity‐onset diabetes of the young (GCK‐MODY; also known as MODY2) is a benign hyperglycemic condition, which generally does not require medical interventions. The only known exception is increased birthweight and related perinatal complications in unaffected offspring of affected women. As previous data were obtained mostly from white Europeans, the present study analyzed the pregnancy outcomes of Japanese women with GCK‐MODY to better formulate the management plan for this population.Materials and MethodsThe study participants were 34 GCK‐MODY families whose members were diagnosed at Osaka City General Hospital during 2010–2017. A total of 53 pregnancies (40 from 23 affected women, 13 from 11 unaffected women) were retrospectively analyzed by chart review.ResultsBirthweights of unaffected offspring born to affected women were significantly greater as compared with those of affected offspring (P = 0.003). The risk of >4,000 g birthweight (16%), however, was lower as compared with that previously reported for white Europeans, and none of the offspring had complications related to large birthweight. Insulin treatment of the affected women resulted in a significant reduction in the birthweights of unaffected offspring. Perinatal complications including small‐for‐gestational age birthweight were found only in affected offspring born to insulin‐treated women.ConclusionsIn Japanese GCK‐MODY families, unaffected offspring born to affected women were heavier than affected offspring. However, insulin treatment of affected women might not be advisable because of the lower risk of macrosomic birth injury, and an increased risk of perinatal complications in affected offspring.
Molecular suitability of the chacma baboon in human‐targeted Von Willebrand factor directed studies
Authors: Janse van Rensburg Walter J. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBackgroundVon Willebrand factor (VWF) has a central role in primary haemostasis and is a popular pharmaceutical target in the prevention and treatment of disorders such as acute coronary syndrome and thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura. We have evaluated numerous possible treatments targeting VWF in the chacma baboon. Unfortunately, no data exist regarding the molecular similarity of the chacma baboon and human VWF protein, resulting in limited translatability of results.MethodsSanger sequencing was performed of the functionally vital VWF exon 28. The sequences were then compared to the human reference sequence.ResultsThe baboon and human VWF amino acid sequences were 99.1% similar, with only 4 radical amino acid changes found. No radical amino acid changes were found within the functionally vital areas of the amino acid sequence.ConclusionThe chacma baboon VWF is similar enough to the human to produce reliable and translatable pre‐clinical results with human‐targeted anti‐VWF agents.
The effect of platelet‐rich plasma injection in the treatment of androgenetic alopecia
Authors: Bayat Mousa , Yazdanpanah Mohammad Javad , Hamidi Alamdari Daryoush , Banihashemi Mahnaz , Salehi Maryam 
Published: March 2019

SummaryBackgroundAndrogenetic alopecia is the most common type of hair loss in men, which is manifested by a progressive terminal hair loss in specific areas of scalp. Platelet‐rich plasma (PRP) is among treatment options for androgenetic alopecia. PRP is a human platelet concentrate in a small volume of plasma containing certain cytokines.AimThe aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of autologous PRP in treatment of male androgenetic alopecia.MethodsThis was a clinical trial in 19 patients with grade III vertex to grade V androgenetic alopecia referring to the Clinic of Ghaem Hospital between March 2015 and March 2016. All obtained liquid PRP (5 cc) was injected at around 125 points (equals to 125 cm2) into the scalp, and operation was repeated in three sessions at 0, 4, and 8 weeks. We took macroscopic and dermoscopic pictures of each patient in 0, 4, and 8 weeks and 3 months after the last injection session. A dermatologist evaluated the treatment response using dermoscopy photos.ResultOur results showed that the trend of hair thickness and number variations during study period was significant (P < 0.001). However, there was no significant change in the hair thickness from the second injection forward. Our findings indicate the number of hair follicles during follow‐up in pairwise comparison was significantly more than baseline.ConclusionFindings of our study were in line with other studies in this field and showed that the use of PRP as a new and safe treatment can be effective in androgenetic alopecia.
The clinical effect of glutathione on skin color and other related skin conditions: A systematic review
Authors: Dilokthornsakul Witoo , Dhippayom Teerapon , Dilokthornsakul Piyameth 
Published: March 2019

SummaryBackgroundGlutathione is one of agents which is commonly used to lighten skin color in Asia as a dietary supplement. Previous studies suggest its potential effect of glutathione on skin color. However, the clinical efficacy of glutathione in oral form is still questionable due to its limited absorption and bioavailability.AimTo determine the clinical effects of glutathione on skin color and related skin conditions.Patients/MethodsA systematic review was conducted using PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, EMBASE and Cochrane library were searched from inceptions to October 2017. All clinical studies evaluating the effect of glutathione on any skin effects in healthy volunteer were included.ResultsA total of four studies were included. Three studies were RCTs with placebo control, while one was a single‐arm trial. One study used topical form, while others used oral form of glutathione with 250 to 500 mg/day. We found that both oral glutathione with the dosage of 500 mg/day and topical 2.0% oxidized glutathione could brighten skin color in sun‐exposed area measured by skin melanin index. No significant differences in the reduction in skin melanin index were observed in sun‐protected area for any products. In addition, glutathione also has a trend to improve skin wrinkle, skin elasticity, and UV spots. Some adverse events but nonserious were reported.ConclusionsCurrent evidence of the skin whitening effect of glutathione is still inconclusive due to the quality of included studies and inconsistent findings. However, there is a trend that glutathione might brighten skin color at skin‐exposed area.
Determinants of infant nutrition status in rural farming households before and after harvest
Authors: Muhimbula Happiness , Kinabo Joyce , O'Sullivan Aifric 
Published: March 2019

AbstractInfant and young child feeding (IYCF) practices determine infant growth, development and health. Despite global recommendations for exclusive breastfeeding until 6 months, adherence rates are low worldwide for different reasons, largely dependent on environment. In low‐income countries, inappropriate IYCF leads to poor nutrition status. This study examined IYCF practices and nutrition outcomes in rural farming households in Tanzania before and after harvest. Mothers and their infants were recruited from two regions in Tanzania. Demographics, health status, IYCF practices, anthropometrics and haemoglobin were measured; preharvest and postharvest. Regression analysis modelled the relationship between IYCF and nutrition outcomes. Despite high rates of breastfeeding a large proportion did not meet early initiation of breastfeeding and minimum acceptable diet standards. Undernutrition was high with 30–40% of infants classified as stunted depending on season, and the majority (81%) were anaemic. Early initiation of breastfeeding was associated with higher Length‐for‐agez‐score and weight‐for‐agez‐score and lower risk of stunting and underweight (p < 0.05). The introduction of fluids other than breast milk in the first 3 days after birth was associated with lower weight‐for‐age z‐score and increased underweight (p < 0.05). Maternal age and height were strongly and positively associated with child anthropometrics. Findings confirm the importance of early infant feeding practices for growth and development and emphasize the significance of mother's nutrition status in relation to infant health. Future interventions should focus on improving maternal nutrition status before, during and after pregnancy as well as educating and supporting mothers to adopt appropriate infant feeding including breastfeeding practices for the prevention of undernutrition.
The Relation of Revelation and Tradition in the Theology of John Henry Newman and Joseph Ratzinger
Authors: Bonagura David G. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractJoseph Ratzinger/Pope Benedict XVI called Blessed John Henry Newman “an important influence in my own life and thought.” In his memoirs, Ratzinger describes the energy with which Newman's work on conscience, history, and on the development of doctrine was read and discussed in his seminary days. Yet, in terms of Ratzinger's own work on history, tradition, and revelation, he makes almost no direct mention of Newman in his writings over his long theological career. This paper, by comparing the two theologians’ writings on the subject, seeks to ascertain whether and to what extent Newman's theology of tradition and revelation had an impact on Ratzinger's theology.
Parent and child perspectives on perceived barriers to child sun protection and their association with sun protection strategies among children of melanoma survivors
Authors: Wu Yelena P. , Parsons Bridget G. , Aspinwall Lisa G. , Hay Jennifer L. , Boucher Kenneth M. , Caputo Heloisa , Mooney Ryan , Grossman Douglas , Leachman Sancy A. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBackground/ObjectivesChildren with an elevated familial risk for melanoma inconsistently implement sun protection behaviors that could mitigate their melanoma risk. Little is known about perceived barriers to child sun protection among this at‐risk group and their parents, and the extent to which perceived barriers are associated with child sun protection. The goal of this study was to examine, among children with a family history of melanoma, the frequency with which children and their parents reported barriers to child sun protection and the extent to which barriers were associated with reported use of sun protection among children.MethodsChildren with a family history of melanoma and their parents completed questionnaires assessing perceived barriers and reported child use of sun protection.ResultsCommon barriers to child sun protection included being bothered by implementing the behavior or forgetting. A greater number of perceived barriers were associated with less frequent child use of sunscreen, long‐sleeved shirts, long pants, and shade.ConclusionsChildren at elevated risk for melanoma due to a family history of the disease and their parents perceive multiple barriers to sun protection that are associated with children's use of these melanoma preventive behaviors. Sun protection interventions for this at‐risk population could provide families with specific strategies to address common barriers to implementing child sun protection.
Care coordination to target patient complexity and reduce disparities in primary care
Authors: Miller Arlene M. , Swartwout Kathryn D. , Schoeny Michael E. , Vail Matthew , McClenton Regina 
Published: March 2019

AbstractObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to describe our Activation and Coordination Team (ACT) model for interprofessional care coordination in primary care and examine feasibility of using ACT medical and social complexity criteria to categorize patients into Quadrants that determine resource utilization. Research questions were: (a) Are there significant differences in demographic, medical, and social characteristics by Quadrant; (b) Do patients with combined high medical and social complexity differ from those with either high medical or social complexity; and (c) Is there an association between initial screening risk level and ACT Complexity Quadrant placement?DesignCross‐sectional, descriptive.SamplePatients (N = 167) aged 18–65 enrolled in an urban Medicaid managed care network.MeasurementsScreening and comprehensive health risk assessment questionnaires and clinical data collection from electronic health records.ResultsPatient characteristics differed significantly by Quadrant. Combined medical and social complexity produced greater impact than additive effects. Patients who initially screened low risk nevertheless met ACT criteria for medical and/or social complexity.ConclusionsGreater effects for individuals with medical and social issues are due to interactions among factors. Traditional screening may miss patients with complex needs who need care coordination. Care coordination skills should be incorporated into population health curricula.
Influence of Local Political Institutions on Policy Punctuation in Three Policy Areas
Authors: Kwon Sung‐Wook , Gonzalez‐Gorman Sylvia 
Published: March 2019

Political institutions have been considered important factors that influence local policy processes. This study investigates if different county political institutions, including the form of government and home rule charter, influence the processes among three policy arenas: allocational, development, and redistributive. We analyze the annual expenditure change in Florida counties from 1995 to 2008. Results show that both modernized and nonmodernized counties show similar levels of policy changes in allocational, developmental as well as redistributive policy arenas, while counties with modernized political institutions tend to experience a slightly higher, although minimal, level of policy change in each of the three policy arenas.Related ArticlesAguado, Alexander. 2018. “Mayor‐Council Form of Government and Policy Responses in Times of Economic Travail.”Politics&Policy46 (5): 714‐730.https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12273French, P. Edward. 2008. “Municipal Government: Does Structure Make a Difference in Small Cities and Towns.”Politics & Policy31 (4): 694‐725.https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-1346.2003.tb00168.xModlin, Steve. 2008. “Defining Involvement of County Commissioners in the Budget Formulation Process.”Politics&Policy36 (6): 1044‐1065.https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-1346.2008.00149.xRelated MediaFlorida Association of Counties. n.d. “FAC All about Florida.”http://www.fl-counties.com/videos-psasNational Association of Counties. n.d. “National Association of Counties.”https://www.naco.org/
Risk stratification for short‐term mortality at hospital admission for acute exacerbations of COPD
Authors: Sprooten Roy T.M. , Rohde Gernot G.U. , Lawyer Glenn , Leijte Wouter T. , Wouters Emiel F.M. , Franssen Frits M.E. 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACTBackground and objectiveExacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (ECOPD) are associated with increased in‐hospital and short‐term mortality. Developing an easy‐to‐use model to predict adverse outcomes will be useful in daily clinical practice and will facilitate management decisions. We aimed to assess mortality rates and potential predictors for short‐term mortality after severe ECOPD. Classification and Regression Tree (CART) model was used to identify predictors of adverse outcome.MethodsA retrospective observational cohort study, including all patients admitted to Maastricht University Medical Center with ECOPD between June 2011 and December 2014 was performed. The last admission was taken into account, and its demographic, clinical and biochemical data were recorded.ResultsA total of 364 hospitalized patients were enrolled. Mean (SD) age was 70.5 (10.2) years, 54.4% were male and mean FEV1 45.2% (17.7) of predicted. The in‐hospital and 90‐day mortality were, respectively, 8.5 and 16.2%. Independent risk factors for 90‐day mortality were: PaC02 (odds ratio (OR): 1.31; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.00–0.35), age (OR: 1.09; CI: 0.06–0.11), body mass index (BMI) < 18.5 kg/m2 (OR: 2.72; 95% CI: 0.53–1.47) and previous admission for ECOPD in last 2 years (OR: 1.29; 95% CI: −0.14, −0.65). The CART model selected PaCO2 ≥ 9.1 kPa, age > 80 years, BMI < 18.5 kg/m2 and previous admission for ECOPD as the most discriminatory factors.ConclusionAccording CART analysis, high PaCO2 and age, low BMI and previous admission for ECOPD in last 2 years were the strongest predictors of 90‐day mortality in patients with severe ECOPD. In absence of any of these factors, no patients died, suggesting that this model indeed enables risk stratification.
Stratigraphic evolution of the nearshore to fluvial plain of the Upper Cuyo Group, Neuquén, Argentina
Authors: Kern Henrique P. , Lavina Ernesto L. C. , Paim Paulo S. G. , Leanza HÉctor A. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe upper portion of the Cuyo Group in the Zapala region, south‐eastern Neuquén Basin (Western Argentina), encompasses marine and transitional deposits (Lajas Formation) overlain by alluvial rocks (Challacó Formation). The Challacó Formation is covered by the Mendoza Group above a second‐order sequence boundary. The present study presents the stratigraphic framework and palaeophysiographic evolution of this Bajocian to Eo‐Calovian interval. The studied succession comprises the following genetic facies associations: (i) offshore and lower shoreface–offshore transition; (ii) lower shoreface; (iii) upper shoreface; iv) intertidal–subtidal; (v) supratidal–intertidal; (vi) braided fluvial to delta plain; (vii) meandering river; and (viii) braided river. The stratigraphic framework embraces four third‐order depositional sequences (C1 to C4) whose boundaries are characterized by the abrupt superposition of proximal over distal facies associations. Sequences C1 to C3 comprise mostly littoral deposits and display well‐defined, small‐scale transgressive–regressive cycles associated with fourth‐order depositional sequences. Such high‐frequency cycles are usually bounded by ravinement surfaces associated with transgressive lags. At last, the depositional sequence C4 delineates an important tectonic reorganization probably associated with an uplift of the Huincul Ridge. This is suggested by an inversion of the transport trend, north‐westward during the deposition of C1 to C3 depositional sequences (Lajas Formation) to a south‐west trend during the deposition of the braided fluvial strata related to the C4 depositional sequence (Challacó Formation).
Mental health and the media: From illness to wellbeing
Authors: Atanasova Dimitrinka , Koteyko Nelya , Brown Brian , Crawford Paul 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe media are a main source of information about mental health for many people, and an ever‐growing body of literature is evaluating their coverage of the topic. To help keep track of such research, several comprehensive but now dated literature reviews have been published. We assess more recent studies (2007–2017) and suggest future directions by integrating (a) the “circuit of mass communication” model from media and communication studies which posits that production, content, and reception need to be analysed for an in‐depth understanding of the media, (b) the holistic view of mental health as comprising both illness and wellbeing, and (3) the critical psychiatry literature questioning the assumptions underlying psychiatric knowledge and practice. We find that recent studies have focused on content and “the illness side” of mental health by examining the representation of particular mental disorders and events involving individuals with specific diagnoses. We identify as a promising development the growing interest in “the wellbeing side” of mental health whereby authors have started to analyse recovery messages. We invite more production and reception research and more critical content studies which use diagnostic labels cautiously and analyse the representation of people with mental health problems as the victims of violence.
An analysis of the amount and characteristics of writing prompts in Grade 3 mathematics student books
Authors: Casa Tutita M. , MacSwan Juliana R. , LaMonica Kara E. , Colonnese Madelyn W. , Firmender Janine M. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractCurriculum guidelines and professional organizations’ recommendations lack details about how often and how much students should write in mathematics and what characteristics should define their writing. This study presents an analytic framework that addresses how often students are prompted in student mathematics books to write, how much they may be encouraged to write, and the characteristics of the writing prompts. Consequently, 2,095 writing prompts in student books across 10 comprehensive Grade 3 resources were analyzed. Findings indicate a marked variation in how often and how much students are positioned to write. Most prompts have students explain what they did to solve a problem and why about number concepts, with most pressing for procedures. The greatest percentage of prompts had students write about their own solutions and do not urge them to include specific writing features.
Biofilm production of Pseudomonas spp. isolates from canine otitis in three different enrichment broths
Authors: Robinson Victoria H. , Paterson Sue , Bennett Cheryl , Steen Stephen I. 
Published: March 2019

BackgroundPseudomonas spp. are commonly isolated from dogs with clinical otitis and have been shown to produce biofilm. There is a paucity of studies demonstrating biofilm growth in veterinary medicine.Hypothesis/objectivesTo compare biofilm production of Pseudomonas spp. isolated from dogs with otitis using three different enrichment broths at two different time points. Speciation was performed.AnimalsOne hundred isolates from 98 dogs with clinical otitis were assessed for biofilm production.Methods and materialsOne hundred isolates were assessed for biofilm production using a microtitre plate assay. Biofilm production in Luria–Bertani Broth (LBB), Mueller–Hinton Broth (MHB) and Tryptic Soy Broth (TSB) were assessed after 18 and 24 h of incubation.ResultsAt 18 h, biofilm production was demonstrated in 87% of LBB, 91% of TSB and 93% of MHB grown isolates. By 24 h, this was 92% of LBB, 96% of TSB and 99% of MHB isolates. Biofilm production was significantly increased after 24 h incubation compared to 18 h. A significant difference was noted in biofilm production between LBB and MHB (P = 0.0349), but not between LBB and TSB (P = 0.3727) or MHB and TSB (P = 0.3687) at 24 h incubation. Two isolates were speciated as P. fluorescens and 98 as P. aeruginosa.Conclusion and clinical importanceNot all enrichment broths were equivalent to one another and 24 h incubation was superior to 18 h. Biofilm production was high in this population of Pseudomonas spp. isolates.