bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Registration bias in a clinical quality register
Authors: Hoff Geir , de Lange Thomas , Bretthauer Michael , Dahler Stein , Halvorsen Fred-Arne , Huppertz-Hauss Gert , Høie Ole , Kjellevold Øystein , Mortiz Volker , Sandvei Per , Seip Birgitte , Holme Øyvind 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Background and aims The quality of medical quality registers is poorly defined and lack of trust in data due to low completeness may be a major barrier against their use in quality improvement interventions. The aim of the current observational study was to explore how selective reporting may influence adverse events registered in the Norwegian quality register for colonoscopy (Gastronet).
Materials and methods Gastronet’s database includes data provided by endoscopists, nurses and patients. All outpatient colonoscopies reported to Gastronet in 2015 were included and compared to the total number of colonoscopies performed in Norway as retrieved from the National Patient Registry. Hospitals were categorized into four groups according to reporting completeness < 50 %, 50 % to 69 %, 70 % to 89 % and ≥ 90 %. The number of recorded adverse events (AEs) and procedure time were analyzed. Multivariate logistic regression models were fitted to explore independent factors for selection bias.
Results A total of 22,364 colonoscopies were reported to the National Patient Register of which 15,855 (71 %) were registered in Gastronet. Feedback was received from 11,079 patients (50 %). The frequency of AEs increased from 0.6 % in completeness group < 50 % to 1.6 % in completeness group ≥ 90 % (P < 0.001). Long colonoscopy procedure time was associated with low reporting completeness. Patient feedback was associated with older age, cecal intubation success and sedation-free colonoscopy.
Conclusion Incomplete registration in a colonoscopy quality register is associated with underreporting of AEs. Longer procedure time, a surrogate marker for time constraint, is associated with low completeness.
A rare non-oncological pancreatic mass: eosinophilic pancreatitis diagnosis through EUS-FNA
Authors: De Moura Diogo , Rocha Rodrigo , Jukemura José , Brunaldi Vitor , Guedes Hugo , Torrez Franz , Ribeiro Igor , Gelrud Andres , De Moura Eduardo 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Background and study aims Eosinophilic pancreatitis (EP) is a rare etiology of chronic pancreatitis, and few cases have been reported. It is characterized by eosinophilic infiltration of the pancreas and elevated IgE levels. EP is difficult to distinguish from pancreatic cancer based on clinical symptoms and auxiliary exams. We present a case of EP and debate the routine performance of endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) for resectable pancreatic mass.
Relationships Between Biochemical Markers of Hyperandrogenism and Metabolic Parameters in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Amiri Mina , Tehrani Fahimeh , Bidhendi-Yarandi Razieh , Behboudi-Gandevani Samira , Azizi Fereidoun , Carmina Enrico 
Published: January 2019

AbstractWhile several studies have documented an increased risk of metabolic disorders in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), associations between androgenic and metabolic parameters in these patients are unclear. We aimed to investigate the relationships between biochemical markers of hyperandrogenism (HA) and metabolic parameters in women with PCOS. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, a literature search was performed in the PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, and Web of Science from 2000 to 2018 for assessing androgenic and metabolic parameters in PCOS patients. To assess the relationships between androgenic and metabolic parameters, meta-regression analysis was used. A total number of 33 studies involving 9905 patients with PCOS were included in this analysis. The associations of total testosterone (tT) with metabolic parameters were not significant; after adjustment for age and BMI, we detected associations of this androgen with low-density lipoproteins cholesterol (LDL-C) (β=0.006; 95% CI: 0.002, 0.01), high-density lipoproteins cholesterol (HDL-C) (β=–0.009; 95% CI: –0.02, –0.001), and systolic blood pressure (SBP) (β=–0.01; 95% CI: –0.03, –0.00). We observed a positive significant association between free testosterone (fT) and fasting insulin (β=0.49; 95% CI: 0.05, 0.91); this association remained significant after adjustment for confounders. We also detected a reverse association between fT and HDL-C (β=–0.41; 95% CI: –0.70, –0.12). There was a positive significant association between A4 and TG (β=0.02; 95% CI: 0.00, 0.04) after adjustment for PCOS diagnosis criteria. We also found significant negative associations between A4, TC, and LDL-C. Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) had a positive association with LDL-C (β=0.02; 95% CI: 0.001, 0.03) and a reverse significant association with HDL-C (β=–0.03; 95% CI: –0.06, –0.001). This meta-analysis confirmed the associations of some androgenic and metabolic parameters, indicating that measurement of these parameters may be useful for predicting metabolic risk in PCOS patients.
Management of Anterior Chamber Dislocation of a Dexamethasone Implant
Authors: Nguyen Thi , Wolfensberger Thomas 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Purpose To characterise the surgical removal technique of a dislocated dexamethasone implant in the anterior chamber and to gauge its success by analysing corneal transparency and subsequent visual acuity recovery in the postoperative phase.
Methods Description of a patient who presented with an anterior chamber dexamethasone implant migration through an inferior iridotomy performed previously for a silicone oil fill in aphakia. Visual acuity had dropped to counting fingers due to marked corneal oedema.
Results The implant was removed using a 23-g needle aligned with the axis of the implant through a paracentesis. After the clinical follow-up at 2 months, best-corrected visual acuity had returned to 0.2, which remained stable at the last follow-up at 14 months with an intraocular pressure of 10 mmHg. The corneal oedema resolved completely.
Conclusion This novel surgical management of a dexamethasone implant dislocation into the anterior chamber was successful and resulted in no long-term corneal damage when the implant was removed without delay. A repeated Ozurdex injection in patients with previous inferior iridotomy may require prior suturing of the iridotomy.
Evaluation of Visual Comfort and Mental Effort Under Different Light Conditions for Ultraviolet-Absorbing and Additional Blue-Filtering Intraocular Lenses for Cataract Surgery
Authors: Steinemann Alexandra , Bromundt Vivien , Chellappa Sarah , Frey Sylvia , Schmidt Christina , Schlote Torsten , Goldblum David , Cajochen Christian 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Patients and Methods Patients with an ultraviolet blocking lens (UV) (n = 5) or blue filter lens (BB) (n = 8) after intraocular lens (IOL) replacement for cataract and age-adjusted controls (AACs) (n = 16) underwent a balanced crossover within-subject design. After 1.5 h of dark adaptation, they were exposed to polychromatic light at 6500 K (blue-enriched) and 2500 K and 3000 K (non-blue-enriched) for 2 hours in the evening. Visual comfort and mental effort were repeatedly assessed by the Visual Analogue Scale (0 – 100) and the Visual Comfort and Mental Effort Rating Scale (0 – 100) for each light condition. The results were compared using mixed model analysis.
Results The mean (± SD) age for AAC and patients with UV or BB was 69.8 ± 6.2 y, 70.8 ± 4 y, and 63.6 ± 5.6 y, respectively. Irrespective of the light condition, patients with UV and BB felt mentally more tired during the experiments compared to AACs (F = 6.15, p = 0.003). However, patients with BB were mentally more motivated to perform the exercises compared to patients with UV and AACs (F = 8.1, p < 0.001). Patients with BB perceived ambient light as less glary (F = 4.71, p = 0.01) than patients with UV. Blue ambient light was felt less intensely in patients with BB (F = 2.51, p = 0.042) compared to those with UV and the AACs.
Conclusion Lens replacement in older cataract patients may increase visual comfort and minimize mental effort. While subtle, the magnitude of these effects may depend on the type of intraocular lens. BB intraocular lenses may have potential benefits, as ambient light is perceived as having less glare and less visual tension.
Selenoprotein P in Patients with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Authors: Polyzos Stergios A. , Kountouras Jannis , Mavrouli Maria , Katsinelos Panagiotis , Doulberis Michael , Gavana Elpida , Duntas Leonidas 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Objective Main aim of this study was to evaluate circulating selenoprotein P (SEPP) levels in patients with simple steatosis (SS) and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) compared with healthy controls.
Methods Thirty-one patients with biopsy-proven NAFLD (15 with SS, 10 with borderline NASH, 6 with definite NASH) and 27 matched controls without NAFLD were enrolled. Serum SEPP levels and liver function tests plus biochemical parameters were measured with ELISA and standard methods, respectively. Homeostatic model of assessment - insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was calculated.
Results SEPP levels were statistically different between groups (p-value for trend=0.043). In pairwise comparisons, SEPP was lower in definite NASH compared with controls (p=0.029), but not SS (p=0.18) or borderline NASH (p=0.35). SEPP was not different between controls, SS and borderline NASH. The unadjusted trend between the controls, SS and NASH patients remained essentially unchanged after adjustment for age, sex, log(ALT) and waist circumference, but it marginally lost significance when log(HOMA-IR) entered into the model. SEPP levels were not different between groups of different severity of steatosis, fibrosis, hepatocellular ballooning, lobular and portal inflammation.
Conclusions Lower SEPP levels were observed in patients with definite NASH compared with controls, a finding warranting larger studies.
Ultrasonographic Evaluation of Glycemic Control Effect on Placental Vascularization in Pregnancy with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Kozinszky Zoltan , Altorjay AbelT. , Molnar Andras , Nyári Tibor , Vari Sandor G. , Nemeth Gabor , Suranyi Andrea 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Aims The aim of our study was to assess the effect of glycemic control on placental vascularization in pregnancies complicated by type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and to compare dataset of optimal/suboptimal glycemic control to normal placental 3-dimensional power Doppler (3-DPD) indices in 2nd and 3rd trimester.
Methods Placental vascularization of pregnant women was prospectively evaluated by 3-DPD ((vascularization-index (VI); flow-index (FI); vascularization-flow-index (VFI)) ultrasound technique. The normal pregnancies (n=214) were compared to those complicated by T1DM (n=53) with optimal (HbA1C≤6%;≤ 42 mmol/mol) and suboptimal (HbA1C>6%;>42 mmol/mol) glycemic control.
Results Pregnancies complicated by T1DM expressed lower placental vascularization indices as compared with normal pregnancies (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) for VI:0.86; FI:0.94; VFI:0.76). Placental 3-DPD indices have a significant correlation with HbA1C and optimal glycemic control is associated with lower placental perfusion (AOR for VI:1.64; FI:1.13; VFI:2.34). Short-term adverse neonatal outcome was predicted by lower 3-DPD indices (AORVI:0.83, AORFI:0.93, AORVFI:0.66, p<0.05 for each index). Besides the glycemic control, the pregestational body mass index (BMI), had significant influences on placental perfusion.
Conclusions VI displayed the best screening ability for suboptimal glycemic control with a sensitivity of 90.9%. The suboptimal glycemic control has a direct deteriorating effect on placental vasculature. Therefore the ultrasound examination could be an adjunct diagnostic modality for pregnant women with T1DM.
New Strategies for Activation of Phosphonates/Phosphates to Forge Functional Phosphorus Compounds
Authors: Kang Jun , Huang Hai 
Published: January 2019

Organophosphonate analogues are important structural motifs that are present in bioactive natural products, pharmaceuticals, and agrochemicals. Because they are useful in a broad range of applications, much effort has focused on developing efficient synthetic methods that enable access to organophosphonates and their derivatives. However, currently available synthetic procedures rely on harsh reaction conditions and are limited to a narrow substrate scope. Our lab has recently made important advances in leveraging inert phosphonates/phosphates into functional phosphorus compounds such as mixed phosphonates, phosphates, and mixed aryl phosphate derivatives. Presented herein is an overview of recent achievements in the synthesis of phosphonate/phosphate derivatives and a summary of our recent accomplishments in Tf2O-promoted activating strategy of phosphonate analogues.1	Introduction2	Direct Activating Strategy of Phosphonate Analogues3	Late-stage Phosphonylation of Natural Compounds4	Potential Applications5	Summary
Bilateral Tuberculous Otitis Media: A Rare Presentation
Authors: Vijayendra Honnurappa , Mahajan Nilesh , Vijayendra Vinay 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Introduction Tuberculosis is one of the most common infectious diseases in India. Tuberculosis of the middle ear is rare, usually seen in association with pulmonary tuberculosis or in patients with history of pulmonary tuberculosis. It is an uncommon and frequently misdiagnosed form of tuberculosis. In our experience, we have seen 50% of cases of tuberculous otitis media without pulmonary tuberculosis. These cases presented with rapid deterioration of hearing with more sensorineural component in hearing loss.
Case Report This is a case report of 34-year-old woman presented to us with worsening of hearing over short duration of 3 months. She developed right profound hearing loss and left moderately severe mixed hearing loss, which deteriorated within duration of 2 weeks. Very few cases have been reported in literature affecting both the ears. In our experience, we have seen seven such cases with bilateral ear involvement.
Conclusion Tuberculosis of the middle ear is a rare condition. For complete cure, medical therapy should be given at least for 9 months including 2 months 4 tablets (AKT4) and 7 months 3 tablets (AKT3) regimes, according to the INDEX-TB guidelines provided by government of India for extrapulmonary tuberculosis. Surgical treatment should be always added as emergency to prevent progression of sensorineural hearing loss and in cases of complications such as facial palsy.
Correlation between Carotid–Cochlear and Sensorineural Hearing Loss: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Sekar Raghul , Alexander Arun , Krishnan Nagarajan 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Background Sensorineural hearing loss is a condition with several etiologies and varies with the age of the individual. Carotid–cochlear interval is the minimum distance between basal turn of cochlea and the genu of petrous part of internal carotid artery. It is believed that constant pulsations from carotid can cause fluid pressure changes within the cochlea leading to damage to hair cells causing hearing loss.
Objective To study the correlation between carotid–cochlear interval and degree of hearing loss at different frequencies in patients with sensorineural deafness and compare this interval with normal subjects.
Methods Seventy cases with sensorineural hearing loss between 18 and 60 years undergoing HRCT temporal bone were grouped together and 70 cases with normal hearing undergoing CT nose and paranasal sinuses were grouped together. Carotid–cochlear interval measured in both the groups was correlated with the degree and frequency of hearing loss and compared with normal subjects.
Results The mean carotid–cochlear interval in sensorineural hearing loss and in normal subjects was found to be 1.30 + 0.68 (SD) mm and 1.83 + 0.74 (SD) mm, respectively with p < 0.001. The coefficient of correlation between carotid–cochlear interval and pure tone average in patients with sensorineural deafness was r = −0.740 with p-value < 0.001.
Conclusion Carotid–cochlear interval is significantly low in patients with sensorineural hearing loss and bears a strong negative correlation with the degree of hearing loss at mid- and high-frequency ranges. Thus we hypothesize that pulsations from carotid artery cause damage to hair cells in the organ of Corti producing audiological symptoms such as hearing loss.
Surgical Care and Outcomes Assessment Program (SCOAP): A Nuanced, Flexible Platform for Colorectal Surgical Research
Authors: Simianu Vlad , Kumar Anjali 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe Surgical Care and Outcomes Assessment Program (SCOAP) is a surgeon-led quality improvement (QI) initiative developed in Washington State to track and reduce variability in surgical care. It has developed into a collaboration of over two-thirds of the hospitals in the state, who share data and receive regular benchmarking reports. Data are abstracted at each site by trained abstractors. While there has some overlap with other national QI databases, the data captured by SCOAP has clinical nuances that make it pragmatic for studying surgical care. We review the unique properties of SCOAP and offer some examples of its novel applications.
Review of Colorectal Studies Using the National Cancer Database
Authors: Kelley Katherine , Tsikitis V. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe National Cancer Database (NCDB) is a large clinical oncology database developed with data collected from Commission on Cancer (CoC)-accredited facilities. The CoC is managed under the American College of Surgeons, and is a multidisciplinary team that maintains standards in cancer care delivery in health care settings. This database has been used in multiple cancer-focused studies and reports on cancer diagnosis, hospital-level, and patient-related demographics. The focus of this review is to explore and discuss the use of NCDB in colorectal surgery research. Furthermore, our aim for this review is to formulate a guide for researchers who are interested in using the NCDB to complete colorectal research.
“Locked” Scapholunate Instability Diagnosed with 4D Computed Tomography Scan
Authors: Bain Gregory I. , Krishna Sathya Vamsi , MacLean Simon , Carr Renee , Slavotinek John 
Published: January 2019

Background Scapholunate instability (SLI) has a wide range of clinical and radiological presentations. The management depends on the stage of the disorder. Subluxation of scaphoid is pathognomonic feature of the SLI. We describe a patient with SLI with a dislocated proximal pole of scaphoid, out of the distal radius scaphoid fossa. The 4D (three-dimensions + time) computed tomography (CT) scan demonstrated that the scaphoid did not reduce throughout wrist motion.
Case Description A 20-year-old male presented with SLI following a fall skateboarding. The 4D CT scan revealed the dislocated scaphoid that did not reduce with wrist motion. He underwent open reduction of the proximal pole of scaphoid and SL reconstruction using flexor carpi radialis (FCR) tendon graft with the Quad tenodesis technique. At 1 year, he had improved pain, wrist functions, and maintained satisfactory radiological alignment.
Literature Review We are not aware of any previous description of the dorsal scaphoid dislocation in association with scapolunate instability.
Clinical Relevance We recommend that the SLI staging classification needs to be expanded to include dislocation (locked) stage. The 4D CT has a significant role in identifying the instability and its reducibility.
Level of Evidence This is a level V study.
Abdominal Manifestations of Neuroendocrine Tumors
Authors: Marcal Leonardo , Patnana Madhavi , Yedururi Sireesha , Chuang Hubert , Devine Catherine , Cox Veronica , Dasari Arvind , Loyer Evelyne 
Published: January 2019

AbstractDespite being rare, the incidence and prevalence of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) is rising. They are a heterogeneous group of tumors with differences in clinical presentations, genetics, and imaging features. Advances in pathological classification, imaging (including recent radiotracer approval for functional imaging in the Unites States), and therapy have impacted management of these tumors. It is important in the multidisciplinary approach to patient care to be familiar with the tumor biology, imaging techniques for diagnosis and staging, and therapeutic options. This article will discuss these new developments, particularly focusing on pancreatic and small bowel NETs.
Differential Presentation of Congenital Cholesteatoma in Twins with Atypical Location
Authors: HN Udayabhanu , Lauda Lorenzo , Caruso Antonio , Sanna Mario 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Objective We present an extremely rare report of congenital cholesteatoma (CC) in identical twins with atypical location.
Methods Two consecutive cases of CC in identical twins from diagnosis to treatment and a literature review are presented.
Results The twin children presented to our otology and lateral skull base clinic with different clinical picture. Both underwent thorough audiological workup and imaging and early surgical intervention. The 6-year follow-up of these two children has been uneventful with no recurrence of disease and hearing restoration.
Conclusion Multiple theories exist to explain this rare pathology. Modified Levenson’s criteria define it as white mass behind intact tympanic membrane. Atypical location of CC with recurrent otitis media is not uncommon; hence, further study is required. To our best knowledge, this is the second reported occurrence in identical twins but first report with differential presentation and atypical location in both cases.
Development of a Customized Interbody Fusion Device for Treatment of Canine Disc-Associated Cervical Spondylomyelopathy
Authors: Parr William , Tan Christopher , Walsh William , Brunel Laurencie , Joffe Michelle 
Published: January 2019

Objectives The main purpose of this study was to design, manufacture and implant a customized three-dimensional (3D) printed, intervertebral spacer to treat disc-associated cervical spondylomyelopathy (DACSM) in dogs. This study also used advanced imaging to assess implant movement, subsidence and interbody fusion.
Animals Two client-owned dogs with DACSM.
Method Customized interbody devices were designed and 3D printed in titanium alloy. The devices were implanted in dogs diagnosed with DACSM. The dogs were evaluated at time points 0, 2 and 6 months to determine clinical outcome, degree of interbody fusion, implant migration and subsidence.
Results Progressive fusion was noted across the affected intervertebral space by 6 months. Implants mildly shifted cranially in the 2-month interim. There was no subsidence of the intervertebral device through the vertebral end plates in dog 1 and minimal in dog 2 (∼0.5 mm). Clinically, the neurological status improved in both dogs.
Conclusions The customized interbody devices restored the intervertebral space and resulted in a degree of interbody fusion and resolution of clinical signs.
Clinical Significance This report illustrates preliminary outcomes of DACSM treated with a customized, end plate conforming, intervertebral device. Collaboration between clinicians and engineers with advanced manufacturing technologies can provide a cutting-edge standard of care for patients suffering from DACSM.