bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bondi–Hoyle–Lyttleton Accretion onto Star Clusters
Authors: Kaaz Nicholas , Antoni Andrea , Ramirez-Ruiz Enrico 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
An isolated star moving supersonically through a uniform gas accretes material from its gravitationally induced wake. The rate of accretion is set by the accretion radius of the star and is well described by classical Bondi–Hoyle–Lyttleton theory. Stars, however, are not born in isolation. They form in clusters where they accrete material that is influenced by all the stars in the cluster. We perform three-dimensional hydrodynamic simulations of clusters of individual accretors embedded in a uniform-density wind in order to study how the accretion rates experienced by individual cluster members are altered by the properties of the ambient gas and the cluster itself. We study accretion as a function of number of cluster members, mean separation between them, and size of their individual accretion radii. We determine the effect of these key parameters on the aggregate and individual accretion rates, which we compare to analytic predictions. We show that when the accretion radii of the individual objects in the cluster substantially overlap, the surrounding gas is effectively accreted into the collective potential of the cluster prior to being accreted onto the individual stars. We find that individual cluster members can accrete drastically more than they would in isolation, in particular when the flow is able to cool efficiently. This effect could potentially modify the luminosity of accreting compact objects in star clusters and could lead to the rejuvenation of young star clusters as well as globular clusters with low inclination and low eccentricity.
ALMA Observations of Giant Molecular Clouds in the Starburst Dwarf Galaxy Henize 2-10
Authors: Imara Nia , Faesi Christopher M. 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
We present new 12CO (J = 1−0) observations of He 2-10, a blue compact dwarf galaxy about 8.7 Mpc away, taken with the Atacama Large Millimeter Array. These are the highest spatial and spectral resolution observations, to date, of the molecular gas in this starburst galaxy. We measure a molecular mass of (1.2 ± 0.4) × 108
M
⊙ in He 2-10, and 75% of the molecular gas mass is contained within the northern region of the galaxy near the previously identified young super star clusters, which has a projected size of about 300 pc. We use the CPROPS algorithm to identify 119 resolved giant molecular clouds distributed throughout the galaxy, and the molecular gas contained within these clouds makes up between 45% and 70% of the total molecular mass. The molecular clouds in He 2-10 have similar median sizes (∼26 pc), luminous masses (∼4 × 105
M
⊙), and surface densities (∼180 M
⊙ pc−2) to Milky Way clouds. However, He 2-10 clouds have velocity dispersions (∼3 km s−1) about 50% higher than those in the Milky Way. We provide evidence that He 2-10 clouds tend to be in virial equilibrium, with the virial and luminous masses scaling according to

∝

, similar to clouds in the Milky Way. However, we measure a scaling relationship between luminous mass and size,

∝ R
3.0±0.3, that is steeper than what is observed in Milky Way clouds. Assuming that He 2-10 molecular clouds are virialized, we infer values of the CO-to-

conversion factor ranging from 0.5 to 13 times the standard value in the solar neighborhood. Given star formation efficiencies as low as 5%, the most massive molecular clouds in He 2-10 currently have enough mass to form the next generation of super star clusters in the galaxy.
When Did the Remnant of GW170817 Collapse to a Black Hole?
Authors: Gill Ramandeep , Nathanail Antonios , Rezzolla Luciano 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
The main hard pulse of prompt gamma-ray emission in GRB 170817A had a duration of ∼0.5 s, and its onset was delayed with respect to the gravitational-wave chirp signal by

. Detailed follow-up of the subsequent broadband kilonova emission revealed a two-component ejecta—a lanthanide-poor ejecta with mass M
ej,blue ≈ 0.025 M
⊙ that powered the early but rapidly fading blue emission and a lanthanide-rich ejecta with mass

that powered the longer-lasting redder emission. Both the prompt gamma-ray onset delay and the existence of the blue ejecta with a modest electron fraction, 0.2 ≲ Y

e
≲ 0.3, can be explained if the collapse to a black hole (BH) was delayed by the formation of a hypermassive neutron star. Here we determine the survival time of the merger remnant by combining two different constraints, namely, the time needed to produce the requisite blue-ejecta mass and that necessary for the relativistic jet to bore its way out of the expanding ejecta. In this way, we determine that the remnant of GW170817 must have collapsed to a BH after

. We also discuss how future detections and the delays between the gravitational and electromagnetic emissions can be used to constrain the properties of the merged object.
Approximate number system training with vision or touch in children
Authors: Gimbert Fanny , Gentaz Édouard , Mazens Karine 
Published: May 2019

Le système approximatif du nombre (SAN) représente et traite les quantités à partir de différentes modalités sensorielles. Deux questions sur le SAN ont été abordées dans cette étude : sa malléabilité et sa relation causale avec les performances numériques symboliques. Une procédure trans-modale (vision et toucher) a été utilisée pour s’assurer que la malléabilité concernait l’acuité du SAN et non d’autres facteurs. En pré et posttest, 54 enfants de 5 ans ont été évalués avec différentes tâches: SAN visuel, SAN haptique et nombres symboliques. Ils ont été répartis dans une des trois conditions d’entrainement: SAN visuel, SAN haptique, ou contrôle. Les résultats ont montré que les seuls progrès observés concernaient les performances dans la tâche d’entraînement SAN haptique, suggérant plus vraisemblablement une amélioration des processus d’exploration haptique qu’une amélioration de l’acuité du SAN. De plus, les résultats sont plutôt en faveur d’une absence de relation causale entre le SAN et les mathématiques symboliques.
Identification of Authors’ Profiles in Wiki Using Quiz Game Based on Clusters Analysis Techniques
Authors: Boulaajoul Mouna , Aknin Noura 
Published: May 2019

The risk of inaccurate information found in a wiki-based site such as Wikipedia is high. In fact, it is a public site, so it is editable by anyone who can enter inaccurate information through malice or ignorance without any kind of control.
When entering or editing an article, it is recommended to have a clear style without mistakes. So, it is essential to get rid of the mediocre style and respect the rules of writing.
Even so, it is very remarkable that there are abuses at the style due to the malformed language coming even from people belonging to a more cultured so-cial rank. Therefore, the need to identify the wiki authors’ profiles has become paramount.
The idea of this article is to offer a quiz game in the intention to classify the language level of wiki authors by using data mining techniques to make groups where each group gets a significant result that we should analyze.
Evaluating Performance of National Hockey League Players After a Concussion Versus Lower Body Injury
Authors: Van Pelt Kathryn L. , Lapointe Andrew P. , Galdys Michelle C. , Dougherty Lauren A. , Buckley Thomas A. , Broglio Steven P. 
Published: May 2019

Context
Concussions elicit changes in brain function that may extend well beyond clinical symptom recovery. Whether these changes produce meaningful deficits outside the laboratory environment is unclear. The results of player performance postconcussion within professional sports have been mixed.

Objective
To determine whether National Hockey League (NHL) players with concussions performed worse after returning to sport than players with lower body injuries or uninjured players.

Design
Cohort study.

Setting
Publicly available Web sites that compiled injury and player statistics of NHL players.

Patients or Other Participants
Male NHL players who missed games due to a concussion (n = 22), lower body injury (n = 21), or noninjury (ie, personal reason or season break; n = 13) during the 2013–2014 and 2014–2015 regular seasons. Data on concussed athletes were used to identify similar players with lower body injury and noninjury based on (1) position, (2) time loss, (3) time on the ice, and (4) team.

Main Outcome Measure(s)
The primary performance metric was a modified plus-minus statistic calculated by weighting the players' plus-minus metric by their team's simple rating system to account for varying team performances. Linear mixed models assessed the relationship between injury type (concussion, lower body, or noninjury) and performance (plus-minus score).

Results
We observed a quadratic effect for a time2 × group interaction (\upchi _2^2 = 8.85, P = .01). This interaction revealed that the concussion and lower body injury groups had similar patterns of an initial decrease (ie, 2 weeks after return to play), followed by an increase in performance compared with the uninjured group in weeks 5 and 6. Meanwhile, the uninjured group had an initial increase in performance. We observed no group × linear time interaction (P = .47) or overall group effect (P = .57).

Conclusions
The NHL players in the concussion and lower body injury groups displayed similar performance impairments. Both injured cohorts experienced an initial decrease in performance at weeks 1 to 2 after return to play, followed by improved performance at weeks 5 to 6 after return to play, suggesting that the performance implications of concussion may be short lived.
Undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma: Diagnosis of exclusion
Authors: Upasham Pragati S. , Dighavkar Sharayu P. , Roplekar Prakash M. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractMalignant soft-tissue tumors which were designated as malignant fibrous histiocytoma are regrouped by the WHO (in 2002) under the new entity termed as “undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma.”1 It accounts for less than 5% of all adult soft-tissue sarcomas. Here, we report the lesion in a 70-year-old man who presented with high-grade undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma in the lower extremity.
Tumor-associated macrophages: Oblivious confederates in invasive mammary carcinoma
Authors: Ahmed Imtiaz , Madakshira Manoj Gopal , Dudeja Puja , Bharadwaj Reena 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Background: The infiltrating margins of carcinomas are associated with presence of inflammatory cell infiltrate which are an integral part of the tumor microenvironment. Amongst the inflammatory cells, Tumor Associated Macrophages (TAMs) play a key role in the tumorigenesis. This study elucidates the density of TAMs in invasive mammary carcinomas and attempts to establish aa association with the following pathological variables: tumor size, histological grade, nodal status, hormonal expression status and Her2Neu overexpression.
Materials and Methods: 90 diagnosed archival cases of invasive mammary carcinomas at a tertiary care centre were included. Density of TAMs was assessed by using CD68 which is a pan-macrophage marker by immunohistochemistry on the archival tissue blocks. The density TAMs (CD68 positive cells) was dichotomised into high (>50 CD68 positive cells/HPF) and low (<5050 CD68 positive cells/HPF) and compared with the above mentioned pathological variables using appropriate statistical tests.
Results: The density of TAMs was significantly higher around the infiltrating edge of the carcinoma in comparison to the adjoining normal terminal duct lobular units. The density of TAMs was more in the infiltrating edge of the tumor than within the tumor nodule/nests. A higher TAM density showed a significant association in tumors having large tumor size, higher histological grade, nodal metastasis, absence of ER and PR expression and Her2Neu overexpression (p value <0.05).
Conclusion: TAMs play an important role in tumor progression in invasive mammary carcinomas. This is as a result of the multiple roles enacted by TAMs in the various stages of tumor development starting from tumor growth, invasion, angiogenesis and metastases. Targeted therapy against TAMs has great potential in the being important components of future treatment strategies against breast carcinomas.
Hypofractionation in postmastectomy breast irradiation. How safe are we in using standard tangentials?
Authors: Joseph Bindhu , Farooq Nisma , Shafeeque Muhammed N. , Sathiyan S. , Lokesh V. , Ramesh C. , Vijay C. R. 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Aim: Hypofractionation in breast radiotherapy is gaining increasing relevance in routine clinical practice; however, gray areas remain on its safety. Majority of data regarding the same pertains to the treatment of the conserved breast. This study aimed to compare the use of standard wedge-based tangentials (two-dimensional [2D] TW) versus 3D conformal radiotherapy field in the field (3DCRT FIF) with the intent of evaluating if the latter would provide a dosimetric advantage.
Materials and Methods: Twenty-six postmastectomy patients were enrolled in this study. Comparative plans using 2D TW and 3DCRT FIF were generated to deliver 50 Gy in 25 fractions. Dosimetric parameters pertaining target dose, Homogeneity Index (HI), Conformity Index, and dose to normal structures were compared and analyzed. The parameters that achieved significance were evaluated using the hypofractionated plan.
Results: The 3DCRT FIF plan showed better planning target volume coverage, V95% (P < 0.001) and less cardiac dose (V30 and MD) as well as lung V20, V30, MD, and V5 for both lungs (P < 0.001). The dose to the left descending coronary artery (LAD) was also less with a trend toward significance (P = 0.07). The 3DCRT FIF plan also improved HI (P = 0.02). However, the high-dose volume V107% and radiation exposure were not higher. The significant parameters were evaluated in the hypofractionated schedule of 40 Gy/15 Fr. The MD to the heart was 8.96 Gy in FIF plan versus 20.16 Gy in TW plan. The average V20 to the ipsilateral lung was 37.8% versus 65.2%. The average dose to the contralateral breast was 50% less, i.e., 3.92 Gy versus 8.96 Gy.
Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that there would be a significant benefit of using 3DCRT FIF plans for patients being considered for hypofractionated radiotherapy in the postmastectomy setup.
La institucionalización académica de la opinión pública. El caso de España
Authors: Vinuesa Tejero María Lourdes , Rospir Zavala Juan Ignacio 
Published: May 2019

El presente artículo es una descripción detallada del proceso de institucionalización académica de la opinión pública en el siglo XX español. El objetivo de estas páginas es afirmar la identidad de la opinión pública a través de su lenta pero progresiva institucionalización académica. Un objetivo distinto al de la autentificación de su tradición intelectual basado en autores y textos claves y ya realizado en múltiples ocasiones y variedad de países. La metodología ha sido la institucionalización histórica aplicada hoy en los estudios sobre comunicación de masas. La interrelación entre agentes (autores precursores y contemporáneos), ideas (reclamación y defensas de propuestas) e instituciones formales (escuelas de periodismo y facultades) junto con el marco temporal dan como resultado un marco de trabajo para investigaciones posteriores. La explicación comunicacional en la investigación (teórica y empírica) de la opinión pública está relacionada con las instituciones docentes que la acogen e impulsan.
Las elecciones de 1973 en Argentina: una mirada desde las prácticas sociales
Authors: Luciani Laura Luján 
Published: May 2019

El presente artículo analiza el periodo comprendido entre finales de la dictadura de Lanusse y las elecciones de 1973. La propuesta pretende abrir un camino de indagación que, recuperando las prácticas sociales, permita ponderar la compleja relación entre el proceso de radicalización política creciente y la apertura democrática como escenario para la ampliación de derechos y de participación política por medio de los canales formales. En esa línea se reflexiona sobre dos instancias diferentes. Por un lado, los modos en que fue pensada la democracia y los posicionamientos que ello exigió a las organizaciones de la nueva izquierda. Por otro, el ejercicio de prácticas políticas que potenciaron un proceso de democratización “desde abajo” en espacios sindicales y estudiantiles. En este trabajo se sostiene que diversas nociones de democracia circularon y fueron debatidas entre 1972 y 1973 dotando de matices y permeando el proceso de radicalización ascendente.
Comisiones investigadoras en las transiciones democráticas en Argentina. El caso de la provincia de Santa Fe
Authors: Scocco Marianela 
Published: May 2019

Los graves hechos represivos acaecidos en las dos últimas dictaduras militares en Argentina han comprometido la constitución de diferentes comisiones investigadoras a la salida de esas dictaduras. En 1973, la Cámara de Diputados de la provincia de Santa Fe creó la Comision Bicameral Investigadora de apremios Ilegales y Tortura de la Provincia de Santa Fe. Integrada por diputados y senadoras, tenía a su cargo investigar dichos delitos ocurridos en la provincia en el periodo anterior (1966-1973), pero finalmente centró su investigación en el caso Brandazza, estudiante desaparecido en noviembre de 1972 en Rosario. En 1984, por otra parte, se creó en Santa Fe una delegación de la Comisión Nacional sobre la Desaparición de Personas (Conadep) con el fin de investigar numerosos delitos ocurridos en la provincia en la última dictadura militar (1976-1983). Previamente, también existió -en consonancia con la nacional- la discusión sobre si esa comisión investigadora debía ser una delegación de la Conadep o una comisión bicameral legislativa. En este artículo analizamos las comisiones investigadoras como medidas características de las transiciones democráticas que tomaron los diferentes gobiernos.
"Cruzados de la civilización cristiana". Algunos apuntes en torno a la relación entre fascismo y religión
Authors: Alonso Ibarra Miguel 
Published: May 2019

Uno de los elementos que más debate ha suscitado en la historiografía contemporánea ha sido el por qué un número tan grande de personas fueron seducidas por el fascismo y se implicaron en procesos de violencia masiva a lo largo y ancho del continente europeo. Algo que, si bien ha generado un amplio número de monografías y artículos, apenas ha sido abordado desde una perspectiva centrada en esos mismos individuos. En este sentido, este artículo pretende aproximarse a una de esas motivaciones que se encuentran detrás del gran atractivo del fascismo, que no es otra que el papel que jugó la religión como mecanismo socializador de la ideología fascista, a través de un estudio centrado espacialmente en los soldados del bando sublevado durante la Guerra Civil española.
Fascistas “de izquierdas” en los años sesenta. La búsqueda de las bases populares para el proyecto de una izquierda nacional en la España de Franco
Authors: Ruiz Carnicer Miguel Ángel 
Published: May 2019

El régimen franquista en la segunda mitad de los años sesenta hace frente a la necesidad de su institucionalización y a la previsión de la futura sucesión de Franco. El artículo describe cómo un sector de falangistas van a propiciar una plataforma política que influya en el diseño del futuro del régimen a través de una serie de medios de prensa en los que se defiende un proyecto social y político que ellos mismos denominan izquierda nacional y que se inspira en el movimiento de los no alineados y de una escena internacional cambiante y crecientemente crítica con las dos grandes superpotencias. Se trata de hacer perdurar el franquismo, pero buscando unas bases populares, impulsando mecanismos limitados de participación y cerrando el camino a la efectiva implantación de una monarquía ligada a los sectores opusdeístas. El artículo describe el tipo de discurso y de temas usados intentando calibrar la influencia sobre los lectores de los mensajes utilizados.
Relação de dissertações sobre temática afro-brasileira
Authors: Brito Ênio José da Costa , Pimentel Claudio Santana 
Published: May 2019

O levantamento de dissertações de Mestrado apresentado neste texto foi realizado por membros do Grupo Veredas: O imaginário religioso Brasileiro. Certo de que atende o interesse comum a docentes e estudantes universitários, com interesses em temas relacionados com a Diáspora Africana. O levantamento foi dividido em duas partes. Este texto apresenta dados referentes a primeira (2000-2009). Temos presente, que um levantamento não quer ser um ponto de chegada, mas um ponto de partida não só por sua necessária complementação e ampliação, mas para que desperte o interesse de novas pesquisas
Evaluation of the Concentrations of Some Heavy Metals (Pb, Cd and Cr) and Long Term Exposure Due to Daily Consumption of Ready-to-Eat Foods Sold at Petrol Station’s Atmospheric Conditions (AF) in Calabar Metropolis
Authors: Udosen Grace E. , Uboh Friday E. , Amaechi Dennis , Odey Michael O. , Mgbang John E. 
Published: May 2019

Background: Heavy metals contamination has been reported at petrol station environments. There is a possibility of contamination foods around petrol stations.
Objectives: In this study, the concentrations of Pb, Cd and Cr, long term exposure and daily consumption of ready-to-eat food foods sold at Petrol station’s Atmospheric conditions (AF) in Calabar Metropolis was evaluated.
Methods: Foods samples, including such prepared ready-to-eat foods were collected at the point of sale at the fuel stations in Calabar Nigeria, about 7:00am in the morning before they were opened for sale (and exposed to the environment of the filling stations). These were labelled “Before”. At about 2:00pm to 3:00pm same day, the same ready-to-eat food samples were collected again at the same spots, for a duration of 3 months.
Results: In this study, the levels of Pb, Cd and Cr were determined in some ready-to-eat foods that are sold around the filling station environments in Calabar metropolis. The results obtained showed that the levels of Pb and Cd were significantly (p<0.05) increased in garri, afang soup, melon soup, white rice, beans, stew and meat pie, while the level of and Cr was significantly (p<0.05) increased in afang soup, melon soup, white rice, beans, stew and meat pie after 6 hours of exposure to petrol station’s atmospheric conditions.
Conclusion: From this study, it may be concluded that exposure of ready-to-eat foods at the filling station’s atmospheric conditions may cause heavy metal contamination to the foods, particularly Pb, Cd and Cr.