bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Delayed-Onset Interface Fluid Syndrome After LASIK Following Phacotrabeculectomy
Authors: Kim Chung Young , Jung Young Ho , Lee Eun Ji , Hyon Joon Young , Park Kyu Hyung , Kim Tae Woo 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Background: Interface fluid syndrome (IFS) is an unusual complication after laser-assisted in-situ keratomileusis (LASIK). We report the first case of IFS after uncomplicated phacotrabeculectomy in a patient who had undergone LASIK 10 years previously. This case emphasizes the importance of intraocular pressure (IOP) interpretation in eyes that have undergone LASIK.
Case presentation: A 30-year-old woman with a history of LASIK surgery presented to glaucoma clinic due to uncontrolled IOP despite of maximally tolerable medical treatment. After receiving phacotrabeculectomy, IOP decreased to 3mmHg on the first postoperative day, but again increased up to 21mmHg and a diffuse corneal edema with cloudy flap interface was demonstrated by slit-lamp microscopy. Corneal edema was sustained even after the IOP was lowered to 14 mmHg. Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography scanning of the cornea revealed a diffuse, thin fluid pocket in the corneal interface. After laser lysis of the scleral flap sutures, IOP was further decreased to 9mmHg and interface fluid was resolved.
Conclusion: IFS should be considered as a possible cause of postoperative corneal edema despite of low IOP in the eyes that underwent LASIK surgery. Additional IOP lowering may be helpful for resolving the corneal edema.
Key Words : Interface fluid syndrome, LASIK, Glaucoma, Phacotrabeculectomy.
Intra-operative red blood cell transfusion and mortality after cardiac surgery
Authors: Vlot Eline A , Verwijmeren Lisa , de Garde Ewoudt M.W. Van , Kloppenburg Geoffrey T.L. , Dongen Eric P.A. Van , Noordzij Peter G. 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Background
Anemia in cardiac surgery patients has been associated with poor outcomes. Transfusion of red blood cells during surgery is common practice for perioperative anemia, but may come with risks. Little is known about the association between intra-operative transfusion and mortality in patients undergoing cardiac surgery.
Methods
Single centre historical cohort study in 2933 adult patients undergoing coronary surgery with or without aortic valve replacement from June 2011 until September 2014. To estimate the odds ratio for mortality in patients receiving intra-operative transfusion, a propensity score based logistic regression analysis was performed.
Results
Intra-operative transfusion was associated with a more than three-fold increased risk of 30-day mortality. Patients in the highest quartile of probability of transfusion were older (age 75 vs 66; P<0.001), had a higher EuroSCORE (6 vs 3; P<0.001), had lower preoperative hemoglobin levels (7.6 vs 8.9 mmol/l; P<0.001), had combined surgery more often (CABG + AVR in 33.4 % of cases vs 6.6 % (P<0.001) and a longer duration of surgery (224 vs 188 minutes; P<0.001). The association between intra-operative transfusion and mortality persisted after adjustment for these risk factors (adjusted OR 2.6; P=0.007).
Conclusions
Intra-operative transfusion of red blood cells was found to be associated with increased mortality in adults undergoing coronary surgery. Preoperative patient optimization may improve perioperative outcomes by reducing the likelihood of requiring transfusion and thus its associated risk.
Educational Intervention for Effective Postoperative Pain Management in Low Resource Settings: Evidence from Ethiopia
Authors: Eshete Million Tesfaye , Baeumler Petra I. , Tesfaye Markos , Ayele Yemane , Haileamlak Abraham , Michael Girma G , Irnich Dominik , Siebeck Matthias 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Background
The annual number of surgical operations performed is increasing throughout the world. With this rise in the number of surgeries performed, so too, the challenge of effectively managing postoperative pain. Healthcare professionals and patients in education might help in controlling postoperative pain effectively. However, data from low-income countries investigating the impact of educational intervention on postoperative pain are very scanty, and reports from the developed settings are inconclusive. The study has investigated the impact of preoperative patient education and health care professionals education on improving the quality of postoperative pain management; in patients scheduled for major elective orthopedic, gynecologic and general surgery; as measured by patient-reported outcomes.
Methods
This was a quasi-experimental, non-equivalent control group design with before and after measures. We have recruited 700 consecutive patients; who are eighteen years or more, scheduled for general, orthopedic and gynecologic surgery. Outcome measures were patient-reported outcomes (postoperative pain intensity, pain interference, and perception of care) and adequacy of pain management used.
Results
Generally, no significant difference was observed in most outcome measures except for the worst level of pain, least level of pain, patient participation in decision making and feeling of drowsiness between the treatment and control group.
Conclusion
Results of this study contained very important information in understanding the effectiveness of educational interventions in the postoperative setting. The treatment was successful in increasing patients participation in decision making, as anticipated. However, its impact on decreasing pain intensity was only noted at the last measurement point after surgery.
The role of water distribution networks in water supply
Authors: Nyende-Byakika Stephen 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
In water supply management it is commonly thought that consumer satisfaction depends mostly on the amount of water discharged to a network. Because of this, complaints about inadequate supply are usually blamed on insufficient production. However, a recent study by the author indicated that the water distribution and supply network is equally important. A water network modelled in EPANET2 hydraulic solver was subjected to various conditions and constraints, and its responses analyzed. For water to be supplied efficiently, and in addition to augmenting production, greater emphasis must be put on the distribution system. This must be designed and optimized appropriately, to deliver water at the required pressure and discharge. In particular, higher pressures can be obtained when larger diameter pipes are used because friction losses are reduced, thereby reducing pumping costs. One way to improve pressure is by limiting demand.
Wavelet and statistical analyses of river water quality parameters: a case study in the Lower Minnesota River
Authors: Gao Ang , Wu Shiqiang , Zhu Senlin , Xu Zhun 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Statistical and wavelet analyses are useful tools for analyzing river water quality parameters. In this study, they were employed to study parameters including biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), dissolved oxygen (DO), nitrate (NO3), ammonium (NH4), phosphate (PO4), total phosphorus (TP), total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN), chlorophyll a (CHLA), total suspended solids (TSS) and water temperature (TEMP) monitored at five hydrologic stations on the Lower Minnesota River, USA. Strong positive correlations were observed between CHLA-BOD, TP-TKN, TP-TSS and TKN-TSS, with strong negative correlation between DO-TEMP. Daubechies wavelet at level 5 has been calculated for some key water quality parameters as it gives the finer scale approximation and decomposition of each water parameter. The results show that TEMP and DO have relative quasi-periodicity of about one year, while the quasi-periodicity of NH4 and PO4 are weaker than for TEMP and DO. Correlations between some parameters based on wavelet decomposition results are consistent. The fluctuation range characteristics of some parameters were also analyzed through wavelet decomposition.
Contamination of groundwater sources in emerging African towns: the case of Babati town, Tanzania
Authors: Pantaleo P. A. , Komakech H. C. , Mtei K. M. , Njau K. N. 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Assessment of groundwater contamination potential was carried out in Babati, Manyara, Tanzania. Diazotization, cadmium reduction, ascorbic acid, ion selective electrode and membrane filtration analytical methods were used, respectively, for nitrite, nitrate, phosphate, fluoride and microbial investigations. Fecal coliforms (FC) and high NO3 concentrations were present in wells less than 30 m deep. The maximum FC level was 280 CFU/100 ml, and the nitrate (NO3) ranged from 1.1 to 357.7 mg-NO3/l. In boreholes, nitrate concentrations ranged from 2.3 to 32.6 mg-NO3/l, below both national and WHO standards, and were all free of fecal coliform. Other parameters were all within recommended limits for all wells tested. Evaluation of the potential contamination pathways revealed that the shallow well depths ranged from 1.2 to 26.67 m – median 9 m (N = 366): 70% were unlined and 19% were uncovered. About 74% of the wells were within 30 m of sanitation facilities, of which 60% were traditional pit latrines. The findings revealed that most shallow wells (64%) are polluted and could cause health problems for users. Therefore, it is prudent that the community avoids relying on shallow wells. Boiling of domestic water before use is highly recommended.
The Impact of Pediatric Epilepsy on Children and Families: A Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Subki Ahmed Hussein , Mukhtar Abdel Moniem , Al-Harbi Rakan Salah , Alotaibi Abdulaziz Khaled , Mosaad Faisal Ghazi , Alsallum Mohammed Saad , Jan Mohammed M.S. 
Published: January 2019

Background and Objectives:Epilepsy is considered one of the most prevalent causes of morbidity in children. The aim of this study is to determine how epilepsy impacts the lives of children with epilepsy and their families.Methods:A translated version of the “Impact of Pediatric Epilepsy Scale” (IPES) questionnaire was completed by the 80 mothers of children with epilepsy, recruited at three hospitals in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia This is a validated self-administered questionnaire used to assess the impact of epilepsy on the lives of the child and family, as well as the quality of life (QoL) of the child.Results:The mean age of children epilepsy was 6.32 years (SD = 3.22). The mean IPES score was 6.28 (SD = 8.42) and the mean child’s QoL was 2.85 (SD= 0.83). 87.5% of the mothers rated their child’s QoL as low. IPES score was significantly associated with cause of seizure (β=0.259; 95%-CI= 0.263 - 10.334; p = 0.039). Child’s QoL was significantly associated with frequency of seizure (β=0.251; 95%-CI= 0.016 - 0.568; p= 0.039) and child’s nationality (β=-0.270; 95%-CI -0.252, -0.013; p= 0.031).Conclusions:Pediatric epilepsy may have a greater impact on the lives of the child and the family when it is not comorbid with cerebral palsy. Quality of life tends to be lower for non-Saudi children, and children with more frequent seizures. Therefore, these groups may need more support in managing the impact that epilepsy has on their daily functioning and quality of life.
Biosimilars in Rheumatic Diseases: Regulatory Guidelines, Efficacy and Safety Implications in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Halabi Hussein , Al Zahrani Zeyad , Al Swailem Ramiz , Husain Waleed , Al Rayes Hanan , Al Osaimi Hanan , El Dershaby Yasser , Ahmed Haytham Mohamed , Mounir Mohamed , Omair Mohammed A. 
Published: January 2019

Background:
Treatment with biologic drugs has enabled many patients with inflammatory rheumatic disease to achieve disease control. In some areas of the world, limited access to biologic therapies has created a demand for lower cost options such as biosimilars, which are highly similar, but not identical to originator biologics. The safe use of biosimilars requires a scientifically rigorous review process for their approval, and guidelines that aid rheumatologists in their use.

Discussion:
In Saudi Arabia, there are no national or regional guidelines to assist rheumatologists in the proper use of biosimilars in clinical practice, and this may potentially affect the quality of patient care. In this review, we discuss the importance of developing a guidance and the need for healthcare professionals and patients to receive education about biosimilars. We discuss the unique requirements for biosimilar approval, and the differences between biosimilars, originator biologics, and generics. We review important considerations related to biosimilar use, such as switching from originator biologics to biosimilars, switching between different biosimilars, interchangeability, automatic substitution, naming, and pharmacovigilance. We also provide recommendations based on the authors’ expert opinions as rheumatologists to help ensure the appropriate use of biosimilars in Saudi Arabia.

Conclusion:
The approval and use of biosimilars must be supported by scientifically sound evidence. Guidelines for the use of biosimilars are needed in Saudi Arabia to aid rheumatologists in making clinical decisions. Additionally, educational resources should be provided to healthcare professionals and patients.
Polytechnic to Business Project (P2B) a Case of Innovation and Knowledge Transference
Authors: Paiva Teresa 
Published: January 2019

Background:
The theoretical background of this article is on the model
developed of knowledge transfer between universities and the industry in order to
access the best practices and adapt to the study case in question regarding the
model of promoting and manage innovation within the universities that best
contribute with solution and projects to the business field.

Objective:
The development of a knowledge transfer model is the main goal of this
article, supported in the best practices known and, also, to reflect in the main
measurement definitions to evaluate the High Education Institution performance in
this area.

Methods:
The method for this article development is the case study method because
it allows the fully understanding of the dynamics present within a single setting, and
the subject examined to comprehend what is being done and what the dynamics
mean. The case study does not have a data collection method, as it is a research that
may rely on multiple sources of evidence and data which should be converged.

Results:
Since it’s a case study this article present a fully description of the model
proposed and implemented for the knowledge transfer process of the institution.

Conclusion:
Still in a discussion phase, this article presents as conclusions some
questions and difficulties that could be pointed out, as well as some good
perspectives of performed activity developed.
EFFECT OF MALEIC ANHYDRIDE POLYPROPYLENE ON THE PROPERTIES OF COCONUT SHELL FILLED THERMOPLASTIC ELASTOMERIC OLEFIN COMPOSITES
Authors: Faisal Z.H. Tengku , Amri Faisal , Tahir Iqmal 
Published: January 2019

Coconut shell (CS) is one of agro-waste material which has high natural lignocellulosics content. This material provides a potential resource as a reinforcement agent in thermoplastic elastomeric olefin (TEO). In this study, CS was used as filler in TEO composites. The effect of CS loading and Maleic Anhydride Polypropylene (MAPP) as compatibilizer on mechanical properties, morphology and thermal properties were studied. Results show that the increasing of CS loading has increased the tensile strength, elongation at break and Young's modulus of TEO/CS composites. At similar content, the effect of PP-g-MA as compatibilizer has improved the tensile strength, elongation at break and Young's modulus of TEO/CS composites. The SEM study of the tensile fracture surface of compatibilized composites indicates that the presence of PP-g-MA increased the interfacial interaction. TGA results show that the composites with addition of MAPP as a compatibilizer has better the thermal stability compared to composites without addition of MAPP at 600 °C. DSC analysis showed that the addition of MAPP decreases the crystallinity of TEO/CS composites. It was found that the presence of MAPP will extended the molecular chain of the TEO/CS composites. Keywords: thermoplastic olefin, coconut shell, compatibilizer, composites
KINETIC INVESTIGATION OF PROPANE DISAPPEARANCE AND PROPENE FORMATION IN PROPANE OXIDATION ON DILUTED AND LEACHED MoVTeNb CATALYST
Authors: Widi Restu Kartiko 
Published: January 2019

Reaction kinetics for the oxidation of propane over diluted-leached MoVTeNb is described. This paper is focused on the study of products selectivity profile and determination of the orders of propane disappearance and propene formation. The result shows that selective oxidation of propane to propene over this catalyst follows the Langmuir-Hinshelwood mechanism. The disappearance of propane is first order with respect to hydrocarbon and partial order (0.21) with respect to oxygen. The propene formation is first order with respect to hydrocarbon and not depending on oxygen concentration. Keywords: propane oxidation, propane disappearance, propene formation, kinetic, reaction order
SYNTHESIS OF MESOPOROUS TITANIA BY POTATO STARCH TEMPLATED SOL-GEL REACTIONS AND ITS CHARACTERIZATION
Authors: Budi Canggih Setya , Kartini Indriana , Rusdiarso Bambang 
Published: January 2019

Mesoporous titania powders with high-order crystalline building blocks had been synthesized through the sol-gel process using potato starch gel template. Internal spongelike pore structure of starch gel template was generated by heating the starch granules at 95 °C in water solution and freezing the starch gel at -15 °C. The synthesis routes were performed by immersing the starch gel template for 4 days into the white colloidal solution of TiO2 nanoparticles, which were prepared by hydrolyzing titanium (IV) tetraisopropoxide (TTIP) in ethanol at pH 1. Mesoporous TiO2 powders were obtained by two different ways of template removal, performed by calcination of the TiO2-starch composites at 600 °C for 4 h or combination of extraction with ethanol-HCl (2:1) at 80 °C and calcination at 500 °C for 4 h. Fourier Transform Infra Red (FT-IR) spectra shows both of template removal methods result in decreasing of characteristic vibrational band of the starch hydrocarbon on the resulted TiO2 powders. The X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) pattern imply that the concentrations of starch gel template influence the anatase crystallite peaks intensity of the synthesized TiO2 powders. TiO2 templated by 20% of starch sponges gel has highest intensity of anatase crystallite. Scherrer calculation inidicated that anatase particle size has nanoscale dimmension up to 12.96 nm. The nano-architecture feature of mesoporous TiO2 scaffolds was also evaluated by the Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). It is shown that mesoporous TiO2 framework consist of nanocrystalline TiO2 particles as buiding blocks. The N2 adsorption-desorption isotherm curves assign that TiO2 powder resulted from extraction-calcination route has higher mesoporosity than that of only calcinated. The synthesized mesoporous TiO2 powder exhibits high Brunauer-Emmet-Teller (BET) specific surface area up to 65.65 m2/g. Keywords: mesoporous TiO2, potato starch, template
SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF MESOPOROUS ALUMINOSILICATES Al-MCM-41 AND INVESTIGATION OF ITS THERMAL, HYDROTHERMAL AND ACIDITY STABILITY
Authors: Suyanta Suyanta , Narsito Narsito , Wahyuni Endang Tri , Triyono Triyono 
Published: January 2019

The synthesis and characterization of mesoporous aluminosilicates Al-MCM-41 and the investigation of its thermal, hydrothermal and acidity stability have been done. Al-MCM-41 were synthesized by hydrothermal method to the mixture of sodium silicate as Si source, aluminium hydroxide as Al source, sodium hydroxide as a solvent, and cethyltrimethylammoniumbromide (CTAB) as structure directing agent. The reaction were carried out in alkaline condition (pH = 10.2) at 383 K for about 24 h, followed by calcination at 723 K for about 10 h. The synthesized crystals were characterized using FTIR spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and N2 fisisorption methods. The result showed that Al-MCM-41 sample with hexagonal structure was formed, it has a good in thermal and acid stability, but the structure disintegrated in an alkaline solution (pH = 10) and in boiled water. Keywords: synthesis, characterization, Al-MCM-41, stability
ALKYLARYLKETONE HOMOLOGOUS SERIES FOR DETERMINATION OF KOVATS RETENTION INDICES WITH RP-HPLC USING ACETONITRILE/WATER SYSTEM
Authors: Idroes Rinaldi 
Published: January 2019

Some factors such as the changes of the stationary phase, temperature, pH-value, mobile-phase composition and flow rate play a crucial role in effecting the sensitivity of retention times in high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) system. Utilizing a retention index system is one of the methods to minimize those effects. Besides the mentioned factors, dead-time influences on determining the retention index as well. In comparison with Gas Chromatography (GC), the retention Index determination method in HPLC is still widely discussed, due to the difficulty of utilizing n-alkane as standard. In addition, the solutes in HPLC interact with the mobile-phase, thus the retention behavior also depend on the mobile-phase. Actually, It is difficult to use n-alkanes in HPLC as standards in case of some considerable problems, due to they are very non polar but also large retention times which lack of chromophores. Therefore, using n-alkane in routine analysis could be inconvenient. In comparison with n-alkanes, the alkylarylketones homologous series are stable compounds, commercially available and easily detected by a UV detector. This paper introduces Determination of Kovats Retention Index in the HPLC using Alkylarylketone homologous series and then is connected with n-alkane as a frame of reference. Steroids were used as test substance for calculating Kovats retention index values in acetonitrile/water system. Keywords: Kovats Retention Index, RP- HPLC, n-alkane, alkylarylketone
SEPARATION OF Fe (III), Cr(III), Cu(II), Ni(II), Co(II), AND Pb(II) METAL IONS USING POLY(EUGENYL OXYACETIC ACID) AS AN ION CARRIER BY A LIQUID MEMBRANE TRANSPORT METHOD
Authors: Harimu La , Matsjeh Sabirin , Siswanta Dwi , Santosa Sri Juari 
Published: January 2019

Fe (III), Cr(III), Cu(II), Ni(II), Co(II), and Pb(II) metal ions had been separated using poly(eugenyl oxyacetic acid) as an ion carrier by bulk liquid membrane transport method. The effect of pH, polyeugenyl oxyacetic acid ion carrier concentration, nitric acid concentration in the stripping solution, transport time, and metal concentration were optimized. The result showed that the optimum condition for transport of metal ions was at pH 4 for ion Fe(III) and at pH 5 for Cr(III), Cu(II), Ni(II), Co(II), and Pb(II) ions. The carrier volumes were optimum with concentration of 1 x 10-3 M at 7.5 mL for Cr(III), Cu (II), Ni(II), Co(II) ions and at 8.5 mL for Fe(III) and Pb(II) ions. The concentration of HNO3 in stripping phase was optimum at 2 M for Fe(III) and Cu(II) ions, 1 M for Cr(III), Ni(II) and Co(II) ions, and 0.5 M for Pb(II) ion. The optimum transport times were 36 h for Fe(III) and Co(II) ions, and 48 h for Cr(III), Cu (II), Ni(II), and Pb(II) ions. The concentration of metal ions accurately transported were 2.5 x 10-4 M for Fe(III) and Cr(III) ions, and 1 M for Cu (II), Ni(II), Co(II), and Pb(II) ions. Compared to other metal ions the transport of Fe(III) was the highest with selectivity order of Fe(III) > Cr(III) > Pb(II) > Cu(II) > Ni(II) > Co(II). At optimum condition, Fe(III) ion was transported through the membrane at 46.46%. Keywords: poly(eugenyl oxyacetic acid), transport, liquid membrane, Fe (III), Cr(III), Cu(II), Ni(II), Co(II), and Pb(II) ions