bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Infliximab and Anti-infliximab LISA-TRACKER Immunoassays for the Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of SB2 Infliximab Biosimilar
Authors: Jentzer Alexandre , Berger Anne-Emmanuelle , Labetoulle Rémi , Haccourt Alice , Roblin Xavier , Paul Stephane 
Published: October 2018

Background:
SB2, an infliximab (IFX) biosimilar to the reference infliximab (R.I.) product (Remicade), received approval in the European Union for all IFX indications. Many decision algorithms based on the measurement of IFX trough levels and antibodies to infliximab are being increasingly used to optimize IFX treatment. The aim of our study was to evaluate whether the biosimilar SB2 could be efficiently monitored using the LISA-TRACKER IFX and anti-IFX assays developed by Theradiag (Croissy Beaubourg, France).

Methods:
Standard curves of R.I. and SB2 were compared, and then accuracy of the LISA-TRACKER IFX assay in detecting the spiked concentration of SB2 was measured. Levels of IFX from SB2 spiked samples and R.I. clinical samples were calculated. Intra-run and inter-run imprecision were also measured with SB2 spiked samples. The ability of polyclonal antibodies directed against R.I. to block the detection of SB2 using the LISA-TRACKER IFX assay and the capacity of SB2 to block the detection of anti-R.I. antibodies using the LISA-TRACKER anti-IFX assay were tested.

Results:
Twelve patients treated with SB2 including 2 patients with SB2-specific antibodies were measured with the LISA-TRACKER anti-IFX assay. We demonstrated that the LISA-TRACKER assay is suitable for the quantification of SB2 in human serum samples. The percentage of recovery was between 82% and 113%. High intra-run and inter-run imprecisions were obtained with the LISA-TRACKER infliximab assay for the quantification of SB2 (SD ranged from 3.3% to 17.9%). The SB2-blocking capacity of R.I. polyclonal antibodies in spiked samples was demonstrated with inhibition between 80% and 97%. SB2 trough levels and anti-SB2 antibodies have also been confirmed in SB2-treated patients.

Conclusions:
LISA-TRACKER IFX and anti-IFX assays are suitable for the monitoring of patients treated with SB2.
Home-Based, Moderate-Intensity Exercise Training Using a Metronome Improves the Breathing Pattern and Oxygen Saturation During Exercise in Patients With COPD
Authors: Bernardi Eva , Pomidori Luca , Cassutti Francesca , Cogo Annalisa 
Published: October 2018

Purpose:
One of the well-known but less-investigated effects of pulmonary rehabilitation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the change in breathing pattern toward a more efficient one (higher tidal volume [VT], lower breathing frequency). Evidence suggests this change can be obtained only with supervised, high-intensity exercise training (ExTr). However, some patients either do not have such programs available or are unable to exercise at higher intensity. We evaluated the effects of a 12-wk, moderate-intensity, home-monitored ExTr program using a metronome on the breathing pattern, oxygen saturation (Spo
2), and dyspnea during exercise in patients with COPD.

Methods:
Twenty-one patients with COPD (7 female, aged 64-85 yr) performed spirometry, incremental, and endurance walking tests (at 60% of maximal walking speed) on a treadmill before and after training. During the endurance test, patients were equipped with an instrument that continuously monitored ventilation (

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E), breathing pattern, and Spo
2. Patients trained at home for 12 wk, 30 min/d for at least 4 d/wk at moderate intensity. A metronome paced the walking speed.

Results:
Sixteen patients completed the program. After training, a significant change was observed in breathing pattern (lower

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E and

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E/VT ratio; P < .001), a higher Spo
2 (P < .001), and a lower dyspnea perception at the same work intensity (P < .01). The

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E/VT ratio and Spo
2 during exercise were significantly related (r = 0.56, P = .001).

Conclusion:
A change in breathing pattern towards more efficient ventilation can be obtained with a moderate, home-monitored ExTr program with a pace that is controlled by a metronome. Decreased

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E/VT was associated with an improved Spo
2 during exercise.
Age-Related Changes in the Clinical Phenotype of Compressive Optic Neuropathy in Thyroid Eye Disease
Authors: Campbell Ashley A. , Nanda Tavish , Oropesa Susel , Kazim Michael 
Published: October 2018

Purpose:
This study compares the age-related clinical features of thyroid eye disease-compressive optic neuropathy (TED-CON) to those with noncompressive disease (TED-NC).

Methods:
A retrospective case series review of 165 orbits from 121 patients with TED-CON were compared with an age- and gender-matched cohort of 88 orbits from 44 patients with TED-NC with institutional review board approval. Clinical features including exophthalmos, dyschromatopsia, restricted ocular motility, visual acuity, and mean deviation on 24-2 Humphrey Visual Field were compared in 5 age groups. A previously validated formula, the Columbia TED-CON Diagnostic formula, used to mathematically predict the presence or absence of compressive optic neuropathy was applied, and the sensitivity and specificity of the formula was measured in each age group.

Results:
Exophthalmos, dyschromatopsia, restricted ocular motility, and mean deviation on 24-2 Humphrey Visual Field vary significantly across age groups in patients with TED-CON. Conversely, only visual acuity and dyschromatopsia vary significantly across age groups in patients with TED-NC. There was a significant difference between the TED-CON and the TED-NC groups when comparing the 2 groups by decade. The Columbia TED-CON Diagnostic formula had high sensitivity and specificity (74–90%) in all age groups.

Conclusions:
This is the first study to date demonstrating the age-related variability of clinical characteristics in a large series of patients with either TED-CON or TED-NC. The clinical phenotype of TED-CON varies significantly by decade when examining exophthalmos, dyschromatopsia, ocular motility restriction, and mean deviation on 24-2 Humphrey Visual Field. These clinical characteristics are also significantly different when compared with a population of patients with TED-NC.
Cholera Outbreak in Haiti
Authors: Lucien Mentor Ali Ber , Adrien Paul , Hadid Hind , Hsia Tammy , Canarie Michael F. , Kaljee Linda M. , Kilgore Paul E. , Parke Dana M. , Joseph Gerard A. , Lafosse Elsie , Zervos Marcus J. , Boncy Jacques 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
In October 2010, a massive cholera outbreak struck Haiti, and subsequently, thousands of cholera cases have been documented throughout Haiti. After much controversy about its origin, scientific evidence demonstrated its importation from Nepalese United Nations Peacekeepers. Despite national and international efforts to combat this outbreak (such as oral cholera vaccine campaigns), challenges related to funding, water and sanitation infrastructure, and poverty make it difficult to eliminate cholera from Haiti. This article discusses the recent cholera epidemic in Haiti, its origin and spread throughout Haiti, the specific nature and microbiologic characteristics of the pathogen, and ongoing disease management and control efforts. Importantly, this article suggests a future research agenda identifying best strategies for eliminating cholera in Haiti.
Supporting lower-income working women to initiate breastfeeding: Learning who is breastfeeding and what helps
Authors: Middlemiss Wendy , Glaman Ryan , Seddio Kaylee , Suerken Cynthia K. , Reboussin Beth A. , Daniel Stephanie S. , Payne Chris C. , Leerkes Esther , Grzywacz Joseph G. 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACT

Background and purpose:
Based on the Women, Work, and Wee Ones longitudinal study, mothers' likelihood of breastfeeding is examined across demographic and health variables.

Methods:
Frequencies of breastfeeding and cosleeping by 285 mothers from the Women, Work, and Wee Ones cohort are reported as related to mothers' work schedule, marital status, or mother or infant health.

Conclusions:
Breastfeeding rates were about 30% across most maternal characteristics. The frequency of mothers’ breastfeeding was higher when mothers were both breastfeeding and cosleeping (breastfeeding-cosleeping), in comparison with breastfeeding only, as evident for mothers with nonstandard work schedules. Cosleeping was common across all mothers. Breastfeeding rates were low, perhaps reflecting challenges of early care. Premature infants were more likely to be cosleeping than breastfeeding. Approximately 30% of mothers breastfed across the different factors examined.

Implications for practice:
The information may help nurse practitioners in addressing early care needs and supporting breastfeeding across groups. Younger mothers were least likely to breastfeed and reported higher frequency of cosleeping. Overall breastfeeding frequency was higher when mothers were cosleeping. Nurse practitioners may find it important to provide clear information about safe infant sleep and safe approaches to protecting infants.
Multifocal Inflammatory Pseudotumor of the Temporal Bone, Maxillary Sinus, and Orbit
Authors: Sakano Hitomi , Shih Cheng-Ping , Jafari Aria , DeConde Adam , Harris Jeffrey P. 
Published: October 2018

Objective:
This is the first report of multifocal inflammatory pseudotumor (IPT) involving the temporal bone, orbit and paranasal sinus, and the use of rituximab as adjunctive therapy in multifocal temporal bone IPT.

Patient:
We describe a 46-year-old man with orbital and maxillary sinus IPT, whose disease progressed despite radiation and steroid burst. He then developed contralateral mastoid disease, otalgia, aural fullness, and hearing loss.

Intervention:
He was initiated on rituximab and prednisone therapy. Mastoidectomy with near-total tumor removal was accomplished and histopathology confirmed IPT. A literature review was also performed.

Main Outcome Measure:
Tumor regression or recurrence.

Result:
Despite disease progression after radiation and steroids, his orbital, sinus, and mastoid disease improved after surgery, steroids, and rituximab. A review of four other previously reported cases of multifocal disease involving the temporal bone suggest that multifocal disease may be a more aggressive entity with higher recurrence rate compared with solitary disease. Although surgery and steroids are typically recommended, there is currently no consensus treatment recommendation.

Conclusions:
Multifocal IPT of the temporal bone is a rare but aggressive entity for which surgery and steroid combination therapy should be first line treatment. We suggest rituximab may be an effective adjunctive treatment particularly for recurrent disease or where systemic therapy may be favored.
Systematic Review of Facial Nerve Outcomes After Middle Fossa Decompression and Transmastoid Decompression for Bell's Palsy With Complete Facial Paralysis
Authors: Casazza Geoffrey C. , Schwartz Seth R. , Gurgel Richard K. 
Published: October 2018

Objectives:
The surgical timing and approach for patients with Bell's palsy and complete facial paralysis is controversial. A previous meta-analysis demonstrated no benefit from surgical decompression, however, only transmastoid decompression (TMD) was investigated. No study has evaluated both the outcomes of TMD and middle fossa decompression (MFD).

Study Design:
Systematic review with meta-analysis.

Methods:
A systematic literature search identifying all studies meeting inclusion criteria and published between 1985 and 2015 was performed. Final House–Brackmann (HB) scores were calculated and compared for TMD, MFD, and medical controls. A meta-analysis was performed to compare MFD less than or equal to 14 days versus MFD more than 14 days, TMD versus medical controls, and surgical therapy (combined MFD and TMD) versus medical controls. Observational studies without a control arm were excluded from the meta-analysis.

Results:
Average HB scores for MFD less than or equal to 14 days was 1.8, MFD more than 14 days was 2.75, and MFD medical controls was 2.4. For TMD average HB was 2.3 and for TMD medical controls average HB was 2.4. 75% MFD were performed within 14 days of onset while TMD was performed between 15 and 120 days. Meta-analysis demonstrated significantly better facial nerve outcomes for MFD performed less than or equal to 14 days versus more than 14 days (p < 0.001), but no difference between TMD versus medical controls (p = 0.78) or surgical therapy versus medical controls (p = 0.58).

Conclusion:
MFD performed within 14 days of symptom onset results in better facial nerve outcomes than MFD performed after 14 days. TMD does not offer improved outcomes over medical management however decompression was only offered after 15 days of symptom onset.
Necrotizing Otitis Externa—Analysis of 83 Cases: Clinical Findings and Course of Disease
Authors: Peled Chilaf , El-Seid Sabri , Bahat-Dinur Anat , Tzvi-Ran Lital Rahmani , Kraus Mordechai , Kaplan Daniel 
Published: October 2018

Objectives:
Evaluate the relationship between clinical findings and course of disease among patients with necrotizing otitis externa (NOE).

Study Design:
Retrospective case series review.

Setting:
Tertiary referral center.

Patients:
Adult patients with no previous history of chronic ear disease, hospitalized due to NOE between the years 1990 to 2015.

Main Outcome Measures:
1) Duration of hospitalization and 2) necessity for surgery.

Results:
Eighty-one patients were included in the study, corresponding to 83 effected ears. Thirty-two patients (38.5%) were hospitalized longer than 20 days and 20 patients (24.0%) underwent surgery. Otalgia was the most common complaint (n = 71, 85.5%). Pseudomonas Aeruginosa (PA) was the most common isolated bacteria (n = 40, 48.1%). Shifting incidence of culture results was noted, as rates of PA NOE decreased and rates of sterile culture and fungal NOE increased. Duration of complaints and presence of aural discharge at admission were associated with prolonged hospitalization (p = 0.010, p = 0.011, respectively). Advanced age, duration of hospitalization, and rates of readmission were associated with surgery (p = 0.037, p < 0.001, p < 0.001 respectively).

Conclusions:
Duration of complaints and presence of aural discharge may indicate advanced NOE and require longer in-hospital treatment. Elderly patients are at increased risk for conservative treatment failure and are more likely to require surgery. With shifting incidence of pathogens, a wider empirical treatment covering nontraditional pathogens should be considered.
Outcomes of Stapedotomy With Heat-Crimped Prostheses
Authors: Murfee John , O’Connell Brendan , Haynes David , Rivas Alejandro , Dedmon Matthew , Bennett Marc 
Published: October 2018

Background:
Theoretical disadvantages are associated with the use of heat-crimped piston prostheses in stapedotomy. Loose crimping could result in prosthesis displacement or slippage. Alternatively, overly tight crimping may cause trauma to the incus with resultant necrosis.

Objectives:
1) Analyze outcomes of patients undergoing stapedotomy with heat-activated piston-style prostheses, and 2) compare outcomes between prostheses made by different manufacturers.

Study Design:
Retrospective.

Setting:
Vanderbilt Medical Center.

Patients and Methods:
Cases undergoing stapedotomy between 2005 and 2016 were reviewed. Audiometric assessments were recorded in accordance with American Academy of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery (AAO-HNS) guidelines. Patients who lacked audiometric follow-up before 6 months or after 1 year were excluded.

Intervention(s):
Diagnostic, therapeutic, and rehabilitative.

Main Outcome Measure(s):
Postoperative air-bone gap (ABG) and achievement of an ABG is less than or equal to 10 dB.

Results:
Three hundred fifty-eight patients met inclusion criteria. At short-term follow-up (<6 mo), the mean ABG was 11 ± 8 dB in the entire cohort; this did not differ based on manufacturer (p = 0.13). The majority of patients (63%) achieved an ABG less than or equal to 10 dB. At longer-term follow-up, the mean ABG was 9 ± 7 dB; again no differences were noted when comparing prosthesis manufacturer (p = 0.20). 70% of patients achieved an ABG less than or equal to 10 dB at longer-term follow-up. When comparing short- to long-term follow-up, ABG did not significantly change over time (p = 0.76). The overall revision rate was 1.9% (n = 7).

Conclusion:
Favorable hearing outcomes are obtained both short- and long-term following stapedotomy and placement of heat-crimped piston prostheses. Both prosthesis groups appear stable in the middle ear environment long-term, as evidenced by a 1.9% revision rate among them.
Variation in Tympanoplasty Cost in a Multihospital Network
Authors: Casazza Geoffrey C. , Thomas Andrew J. , Gurgel Richard K. , Shelton Clough , Meier Jeremy D. 
Published: October 2018

Objectives:
Identify costs and operative times for tympanoplasty, and evaluate factors influencing cost and time variation.

Study Design:
Retrospective cohort study.

Setting:
Multihospital network.

Patients:
Patients undergoing tympanoplasty from 2008 to 2016. Subjects with additional procedures were excluded.

Interventions:
A multihospital network's standardized activity-based accounting system was used to determine costs and operative times of tympanoplasty.

Main Outcome Measures:
Correlation between variable factors and cost was calculated by Spearman correlation coefficients. Statistical comparisons of cost and time were made between surgeons and hospitals using an ANOVA test (Kruskal–Wallis) followed by Dunn's test to correct for multiple comparisons. All providers or hospitals with single cases were excluded for statistical comparison.

Results:
The study cohort included 487 tympanoplasties performed by 44 surgeons at 13 hospitals. Mean patient age was 18.2 ± 17.4 years. Mean cut-to-close time was 85.8 ± 56.7 minutes. Mean total encounter cost was $3491 ± $1,627. Substantial factors associated with total encounter cost were anesthesia cost (r = 0.8782; 95% CI 0.852–0.900, p < 0.001) and cut-to-close time (r = 0.7543; 95% CI 0.707–0.7949, p < 0.001). The total itemized supply cost was less correlated with total encounter cost (r = 0.3176; 95% CI 0.2128–0.4151, p < 0.001). Laser utilization (mean cost $541 ± $343) and artificial graft material (mean cost $199 ± $94) were the major supply costs.

Conclusion:
Significant variation in tympanoplasty costs exists among different surgeons and hospitals within a multihospital network. Reducing variation in costs while maintaining outcomes may improve healthcare value and eliminate waste.
Fatal case of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis associated with group B streptococcus sepsis
Authors: Choi Young Bae , Yi Dae Yong 
Published: October 2018

Abstract

Rationale:
Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a life-threatening disease characterized by an excessive systemic inflammatory response. HLH is classified as primary or secondary, where the latter may occur in association with many infections. However, no case of HLH has been previously associated with group b streptococcus (GBS) sepsis.

Patient concerns:
We present a fatal case of HLH in a 5-year-old girl with GBS sepsis.

Diagnosis:
The present patient met 5 of the HLH criteria: fever, splenomegaly, bicytopenia, hypertriglyceridemia and/or hypofibrinogenemia, and hyperferritinemia. GBS was identified in 2 sets of peripheral blood bacterial cultures.

Interventions:
Empirical antibiotics, inotropes, and immunoglobulins were administered.

Outcomes:
The clinical course of the patient was fulminant and the patient died of septic shock 10 hours after admission to the hospital.

Lessons:
We suggest GBS infection can cause HLH and early awareness of HLH associated with GBS infection and proper effective treatment are necessary to reduce mortality.
Can radial bone mineral density predict spinal bone mineral density in patients with advanced Duchenne muscular dystrophy?
Authors: Kim Eunyoung , Cho Han Eol , Jung Ji Ho , Lee Jang Woo , Choi Won Ah , Kang Seong-Woong 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
In advanced Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), patients with high bone fracture risk due to osteoporosis, it is difficult to measure spinal bone mineral density (BMD) because of maintaining proper posture. This study began with the idea that if we diagnose and manage osteoporosis by predicting spinal BMD through easily testable radial BMD, we could prevent fracture and improve quality of life in DMD patients. In 61 DMD patients aged 20 years or older who were admitted to Gangnam Severance Hospital from April 2013 to May 2015, radial BMD and spinal BMD were measured to compare their Z-scores. In 45 patients, the z-score was less than −2.0 in spinal BMD defined as osteoporosis. And the optimal range of Z-score in the radius was −5.2 to −5.0 (sensitivity 78.9%, specificity 71.4%). Only through the radius BMD, spinal BMD can be predicted and we suggest appropriate times for treatments.
Prognostic role of platelet to lymphocyte ratio in prostate cancer
Authors: Wang Jiangfeng , Zhou Xiaofeng , He Yuhui , Chen Xing , Liu Naibo , Ding Zhenshan , Li Junjie 
Published: October 2018

Abstract

Background:
Recently, the prognostic value of the platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) has been identified in multiple cancers. However, the prognostic significance of the PLR in prostate cancer (PCa) remains conflicting. We therefore searched relevant studies and conducted a meta-analysis.

Methods:
Papers from the databases of PubMed, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library were retrieved. Six studies comprising 1324 patients were included.

Results:
The pooled analysis demonstrated that an elevated PLR predicted poor overall survival (OS; HR = 1.85, 95% CI = 1.51–2.25, P < .001) and disease-free survival (DFS; HR = 1.4, 95% CI = 1.1–1.79, P = .007). Subgroup analyses showed that the PLR remained a significant prognostic factor for OS irrespective of ethnicity, tumor stage, or cut-off value. The PLR was an indicator of poor DFS in Asian patients, but not in Caucasian patients. No significant publication bias was detected.

Conclusion:
This meta-analysis showed that a high PLR was correlated with poor DFS and OS in patients with prostate cancer. Due to this meta-analysis being derived from a few studies, the results should be validated in clinical practice.
Genetic polymorphisms of the drug-metabolizing enzyme CYP2J2 in a Tibetan population
Authors: Cao Peilong , Zhao Qian , Shao Yuan , Yang Hua , Jin Tianbo , Li Baiya , Li Honghui 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
As an important metabolic enzyme, it is necessary to investigate the genetic polymorphisms of CYP2J2 among healthy Tibetan individuals. Genetic polymorphisms of CYP2J2 could affect enzyme activity and lead to differences among individual responses to drugs.
We sequenced the whole gene of CYP2J2 in 100 unrelated, healthy Tibetan volunteers from the Tibet Autonomous Region and screened for genetic variants in the promoters, introns, exons, and the 3′-UTR regions.
We detected 4 novel genetic polymorphisms of the CYP2J2 gene. The allelic frequencies of CYP2D6∗1 and ∗7 were 0.955 and 0.045, respectively. CYP2D6∗1/∗7 decreased the activity of CYP2J2 and was expressed in 9% of the sample population.
Our results provided basic data about CYP2J2 polymorphisms in a Tibetan population, suggested that the enzymatic activities of CYP2J2 might be different within the ethnic group, and offered a theoretical basis for individualized medical treatment and drug genomics studies.