bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association Between Severity of Depression and Cardiac Risk Factors Among Women Referred to a Cardiac Rehabilitation and Prevention Clinic
Authors: Bhardwaj Meena , Price Jennifer , Landry Mireille , Harvey Paula , Hensel Jennifer M. 
Published: February 2018

Purpose:
Depression comorbid with cardiovascular disease is associated with higher rates of morbidity and mortality, with studies suggesting that this is especially true among women. This study examined depressive symptoms and their relationship to cardiac risk factors among women referred to a women's cardiac rehabilitation and primary prevention program.

Methods:
A secondary analysis of data collected between 2004 and 2014 for 1075 women who completed a baseline assessment at the Women's Cardiovascular Health Initiative, a women-only cardiac rehabilitation and prevention program in Toronto, Canada. Descriptive statistics for sociodemographic variables, quality of life (SF-36), and cardiac risk factors were stratified by depression symptom severity using cutoff scores from the Beck Depression Inventory—2nd version (BDI-II) and compared with analysis of variance and χ2 statistics. Prevalence of antidepressant use among those with moderate to high depressive symptoms was assessed as an indicator of under- or untreated depression.

Results:
Overall, 38.6% of women scored above the BDI-II cutoff for depression; 23.6% in the moderate or severe range. Socioeconomic status and quality of life decreased with increasing depression severity. Body mass index increased with depressive severity (P < .001), as did the percentage of individuals with below target age predicted fitness (P < .001). Only 39.0% of women in the moderate and severe BDI-II groups were taking antidepressants.

Conclusion:
In this sample, we found a significant prevalence of untreated and undertreated depressive symptoms among women with, or at high risk of developing, cardiovascular disease. Additional strategies are needed to identify these patients early and link them to appropriate treatment.
Nontraditional Surrogate Decision Makers for Hospitalized Older Adults
Authors: Comer Amber R. , Slaven James E. , Montz Annie , Burke Emily , Inger Lev , Torke Alexia 
Published: February 2018

Background:
Without advanced preparation of legal documents, state law determines who may serve as a surrogate decision maker for patients in hospitals.

Objectives:
To examine the relationship characteristics associated with traditional versus nontraditional health care surrogates who are making medical decisions for patients in hospitals.

Research Design:
Secondary analysis of a baseline cross-sectional survey of a larger prospective observational study.

Subjects:
In total, 364 patient/surrogate dyads consisting of patients aged 65 years and older admitted to the medical or medical intensive care unit services who lacked decision-making capacity based on a physician assessment and also had a surrogate available.

Results:
This study of surrogate decision makers for hospitalized older adults found that the relationships of nontraditional surrogates such as, nieces, nephews, and friends serving in the surrogate role is nearly identical to those of traditional, first degree relatives serving as a surrogate. Over two-thirds (71.2%) of nontraditional surrogates saw the patient in-person at least weekly compared with 80.8% of legal surrogates (P-value, 0.9023). Almost all traditional and nontraditional surrogates discussed the patient’s medical preferences with the patient (96.9% of legal surrogates and 89.2% of nontraditional surrogates; P=0.0510).

Conclusions:
This study shows that both traditional and nontraditional surrogates, who are a patient’s primary care giver have similar relationships with patients. The findings of this study suggest that requiring family members such as grandchildren to take the extra step of formal appointment through a legal channel may not be necessary to protect patients. Therefore, broader state laws expanding the list of surrogates authorized by state statute to include more nontraditional surrogates may be necessary.
A Pilot Test of Group Based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy to Augment Vocational Services for Persons With Serious Mental Illness
Authors: Kukla Marina , Strasburger Amy M. , Salyers Michelle P. , Rollins Angela L. , Lysaker Paul H. 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Persons with serious mental illness (SMI) struggle with work functioning even with the assistance of vocational services. The current study sought to address this problem by examining a cognitive-behavioral therapy to augment vocational services. Fifty-two adults with SMI receiving vocational services participated in a pre-post feasibility trial of the Cognitive Behavior Therapy for Work Success (CBTw) intervention. CBTw is a 12-week manualized intervention that addresses cognitive and behavioral factors that impact work functioning. Competitive work outcomes were assessed in the 12 weeks preceding baseline and after the intervention. The results demonstrate strong session attendance and a low attrition rate. There were also significant improvements in work outcomes. Specifically, among participants unemployed at baseline, 50.0% attained work during follow-up. These findings provide preliminary evidence that CBTw may be a feasible intervention to augment vocational services; further controlled research should examine its benefit to work outcomes in people with SMI.
The Role of Bipartition Distraction in the Treatment of Apert Syndrome
Authors: Glass Graeme E. , Ruff Clifford F. , Crombag Genevieve A. J. C. , Verdoorn Melanie H. A. S. , Koudstaal Martin , Anguilla Freida , Hayward Richard , Britto Jonathan A. , Jeelani Owase , Dunaway David J. 
Published: February 2018

Summary:
Apert syndrome is characterized by hypertelorism, a negative canthal axis, and central midfacial hypoplasia, resulting in a biconcave face. Bipartition distraction partially corrects these facial anomalies. This study investigates limitations of bipartition distraction using linear, angular, and geometric morphometric analysis. Preoperative and postoperative three-dimensional computed tomographic craniofacial constructs of 10 patients with Apert syndrome (aged 12 to 21 years) were annotated with 98 landmarks. Twelve age-, sex, and ethnicity-matched normal skulls provided control data. Principal component analysis was used to analyze shape characteristics within and between the groups and describe the changes occurring with surgery. Results were displayed graphically using difference color maps. Conventional point-based measurements documented midfacial width, height, and asymmetry. Apert three-dimensional constructs exhibited reduced upper midfacial height and greater extrinsic symmetric variation relative to controls. Facial bipartition partially corrected excessive midfacial width and interorbital distance but did not adequately correct deficient upper midfacial height. Excessive orbital diameter was unaltered by surgery. There was no demonstrable effect on intrinsic or extrinsic midfacial asymmetry. Principal component analysis demonstrated improved midfacial projection and correction of central biconcavity. Bipartition distraction corrects midfacial retrusion, exorbitism, and hypertelorism. It does not treat midfacial height disproportion or correct orbital shape. It leaves the face too wide at the zygomatic level and does not correct facial asymmetry. Although bipartition distraction is an improvement on the unmodified monobloc advancement, further refinements are needed to fully correct Apert dysmorphology.
Gender-Affirming Surgery in Persons with Gender Dysphoria
Authors: Weissler Jason M. , Chang Brian L. , Carney Martin J. , Rengifo David , Messa Charles A. , Sarwer David B. , Percec Ivona 
Published: February 2018

Summary:
The landscape of gender dysphoria has changed dramatically in recent years secondary to increased societal acceptance, legislative changes, and medical providers’ increased awareness of the associated psychosocial burden associated with the diagnosis. National and global advocacy efforts, in conjunction with expanded third-party insurance coverage, have resulted in new health care opportunities for patients suffering from gender dysphoria. Delivering quality, streamlined health care to these patients requires a complex multidisciplinary approach, involving multiple medical and mental health disciplines, including plastic surgeons. To accommodate the expanding demand for gender-affirmation surgery, academic medical centers specializing in these procedures are gradually emerging. Advancing surgical techniques in the setting of rising patient demand encourage plastic surgeons to increasingly provide high-quality health care to this diverse patient population in an effort to optimize psychosocial functioning and minimize the burden of gender dysphoria. Although the current literature is replete with the evolving surgical and technical approaches to gender-affirming surgery, there remain critical gaps in the plastic surgery literature describing the delivery of comprehensive care to these patients. To address these gaps, the authors establish a framework that plastic surgeons can use to guide their management of patients with gender dysphoria to optimize surgical and psychosocial outcomes. First, the authors describe a timeline of events that have shaped present-day transgender medicine and characterize the current role of the plastic surgeon in the management of gender dysphoria. Subsequently, the authors discuss psychosocial and ethical considerations surrounding gender dysphoria. Finally, the authors discuss the future scope of transgender medicine.
Alternative Metrics of Scholarly Output: The Relationship among Altmetric Score, Mendeley Reader Score, Citations, and Downloads in Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
Authors: Ruan Qing Zhao , Chen Austin D. , Cohen Justin B. , Singhal Dhruv , Lin Samuel J. , Lee Bernard T. 
Published: February 2018

Background:
The impact of scholarly output is typically measured by the number of citations and, more recently, downloads. Newer metrics have been developed to reflect digital dissemination of knowledge such as the Altmetric and Mendeley reader scores. This article examines the relationship among citations, download rates, Altmetric scores, and Mendeley reader scores in Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery.

Methods:
The authors accessed the 55 most-cited articles published in Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery from 2014 to 2015. Altmetric scores, download rates, field-weighted citations, and Mendeley reader number were extracted. Correlation matrices were used to identify methodologies positively correlating between scores. The top-ranked articles were then collectively evaluated for central subject themes and unifying scoring methodologies.

Results:
The highest Altmetric score obtained was 159, the greatest number of citations was 52, and the greatest number of downloads was 41. There was no apparent correlation between Altmetric scores and Scopus citations (p = 0.58) or article subject themes (p = 0.63). Citation was positively associated with download rates (r = 0.31, p = 0.021) and Mendeley reader number (r = 0.46, p = 0.001). Mendeley reader number demonstrated high precision in identifying top-ranked citation articles (p = 0.044) despite its lack of direct association with Altmetric score (p = 0.83).

Conclusions:
With the growing public desire for evidence-based publications, our study quantifies the unique nature of Altmetric score while discouraging its use in isolation. Download rates are a more rapid measure of publication impact compared with citation number. Mendeley readership is also promising as an alternative index.
18F-FDG PET/CT Equivalent of the Hepatic Hot Spot Sign With CT Correlation
Authors: Jundt Michael C. , Broski Stephen M. , Binkovitz Larry A. 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
A 43-year-old woman presented with an FDG-avid mediastinal Ewing sarcoma invading and nearly occluding the superior vena cava. Geographic increased FDG uptake in hepatic segment IVA was the only other site of nonphysiologic FDG activity. This focal activity was without an underlying mass, had atypical morphology for a hepatic metastasis, and correlated well with prior CT findings of abnormal segment IVA enhancement resulting from the recruitment of portocaval collaterals. In the correct setting, the 18F-FDG hepatic hot spot should be considered in the differential of a focal FDG-avid hepatic lesion in segment IVA.
18F-Fluoroestradiol PET/CT Correctly Diagnosed 18F-FDG–Avid Inflammatory Lymph Nodes in a Patient With Estrogen Receptor–Positive Breast Cancer
Authors: Yamane Tomohiko , Ueda Shigeto , Seto Akira , Kuji Ichiei 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
A 77-year-old woman with left breast cancer received 18F-FDG PET/CT for initial staging, and 18F-FDG–avid lymph nodes were observed in the bilateral axillae. As estrogen receptor (ER) status of primary lesion was positive, the patient also received 18F-fluoroestradiol (18F-FES) PET/CT. Unlike primary lesion, no remarkable 18F-FES uptakes in the lymph nodes were observed. 18F-FDG uptakes in the nodes were finally interpreted as inflammation. 18F-FES PET that can noninvasively evaluate the ER status may have a potential to reveal the pathology of the false-positive lesion observed in 18F-FDG PET for patients with ER-positive breast cancer.
FDG Accumulation in the Lumen of the Gallbladder Without Related Pathology
Authors: Bai Xia , Wang Xuemei , Zhuang Hongming 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
FDG accumulation in the gallbladder has been reported as an indication of either malignancy or inflammation. We here report a case of FDG accumulation in the gallbladder without pathology in the gallbladder. A 15-year-old girl with Hodgkin disease underwent staging FDG PET/CT, which revealed not only the abnormal activity in the lymph nodes and left ilium, which were consistent with the malignant involvement, but also increased activity in the gallbladder. The patient had no symptoms related to hepatobiliary system at the time of scan and did not suffer any problem related to hepatobiliary system during 14 months of follow-up.
Surgical Treatment for Extracapsular Condylar Fractures of the Mandible
Authors: Closs Ono Maria C. , de Morais André D. , Freitas Renato da S. , de Oliveira e Cruz Gilvani A. 
Published: February 2018

Background:
Condylar fractures are considered the most controversial mandibular fractures, regarding both the diagnosis and the treatment. With the increase in surgical indications for handling this type of fracture, it is important to discuss about the advantages and disadvantages of the several surgical approaches available. This article describes the surgical details and postoperative results of the mini-retromandibular transparotid approach for treating extracapsular condylar fractures of the mandible.

Methods:
In a 1-year period, 16 patients affected by extracapsular condylar fractures with surgical indication were treated with the mini-retromandibular transparotid approach. All the surgeries were executed by the same surgeon. Preoperative and postoperative details of each patient were analyzed.

Results:
In the postoperatory, only 2 patients had purulent drainage in the associated fractures area and only 1 patient had paresis of the buccal branch of the facial nerve. No scar issues concerning the surgical wound were observed and reintervention was not necessary in any of the patients.

Conclusion:
The mini-retromandibular transparotid approach offers advantages and should be included as an option for the open treatment of extracapsular condylar fractures of the mandible.
Improvement of Color Vision Following Posterior Cranial Vault Distraction for Crouzon Syndrome
Authors: Asaad Malke , Goyal Samita , Klement Kristen A. , Denny Arlen D. 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Crouzon syndrome (CS) is one of the craniosynostosis syndromes that leads to early fusion of cranial sutures and increased intracranial pressure. Intracranial hypertension is a serious complication that may lead to vision loss and cognitive impairment. Early detection and management are necessary to prevent complications. The authors present a patient with CS who underwent posterior cranial vault reconstruction with internal distraction after multiple episodes of headache and papilledema. The patient was unaware of any loss of color vision before the surgery; however, he noted an improvement in his color vision after the surgery. Color vision deficits may be an early sign of intracranial hypertension and finding these deficits using noninvasive testing methods may be an indication for early intervention.
Cervical Spine Dysmorphism in Congenital Muscular Torticollis
Authors: Hussein Mohammed Ahmed , Yun In Sik , Lee Dong won , Park Hanna , Oock Kim Yong 
Published: February 2018

Background:
Congenital muscular torticollis is a common childhood musculoskeletal anomaly that might result in permanent craniofacial deformity, facial asymmetry, and changes in the cervical vertebrae, if not treated during early childhood. Although there have been many studies on cervical vertebral changes, their onset in children has not been previously studied.

Methods:
Fifteen patients (aged <8 years) with a confirmed diagnosed of torticollis were included. Three-dimensional computed tomography scans were obtained, and segmentation of the cervical vertebrae was done. Division of the atlas and axis across the midsagittal plane was done to compare the anatomical changes. The volumes of each halves of the atlas and axis were measured.

Results:
An apparent change was observed in the axis of the vertebral column when compared with that of the skull. There were progressive anatomical changes affecting the upper cervical vertebrae, which started to develop around the age of 8 months and became more evident in older children. The axis vertebra was the first to be affected. Rotational and bending deformities were the most likely changes to occur. Pearson correlation analysis showed a statistically significant trend in the volume and height changes for both halves of the atlas and axis (P < 0.001 and P < 0.001).

Conclusions:
Children with untreated congenital muscular torticollis show progressive anatomical changes of the cervical vertebrae which started at the age of 8 months. The severity of the deformity increased with the advance of age as well as with the severity of sternocleidomastoid tightness, which might result in permanent deformities.
Dental Anomalies in Different Types of Cleft Lip and Palate: Is There Any Relation?
Authors: Germec Cakan Derya , Nur Yilmaz Rahime Burcu , Bulut Feyza Nur , Aksoy Ayca 
Published: February 2018

Aim:
The aims of this study were to evaluate the prevalence of dental anomalies in Turkish patients with different types of cleft lip and palate (CLP) and investigate the relationship between the type of cleft and the dental anomaly.

Methods:
Eighty-eight patients with cleft lip and/or palate (mean age: 14.1 ± 6.4 years) were enrolled in this retrospective study. Dental models, panoramic radiographs, and intraoral photographs of these patients were evaluated to detect any maxillary dental anomaly (number and size anomalies). Two hundred fifty unaffected subjects (mean age: 15.2 ± 7.2 years) composed the control group. Data were evaluated using the independent t test, χ
2, Fischer exact test, and the odds ratio.

Results:
Dental anomaly frequency was significantly higher in the cleft group compared with the control group. Tooth agenesis was the most common dental anomaly, followed by microdontia and supernumerary tooth. Lateral incisor agenesis was seen in 69% of the unilateral CLP, in 78% of the bilateral CLP, and in 18% of the cleft palate patients. A significant association was revealed between the right unilateral CLP and the right lateral incisor agenesis (P = 0.0001), the left unilateral CLP and the left lateral incisor agenesis (P = 0.002), and the bilateral CLP and the bilateral lateral incisor agenesis (P = 0.0001).

Conclusion:
Dental anomalies are more frequently seen in patients with CLP compared with the general population. There is a relationship between the cleft type and the ipsilateral lateral incisor agenesis.
Comparison of the Effects of Cigarette Smoking on Male and Female Vocal Folds
Authors: Inan Muzaffer , Salturk Ziya , Ayaz Gizem , Ozdemir Erdi , Kumral Tolgar Lutfi , Berkiten Guler , Tutar Belgin , Sari Hüseyin , Uyar Yavuz 
Published: February 2018

Objective:
To investigate effects of smoking cigarette on male and female larynges and compare them.

Method:
Eighteen adult Wistar Albino rats were included to study; 9 were male and 9 female. The exposure groups each contained 6 rats, and the control groups 3 rats. Six male constituted group 1 and 6 female constituted group 2. Group 1 and 3 were exposed to smoke. Group 2 and 4 were composed of 3 males and 3 females, respectively. Smoke from 10 cigarettes was delivered in each of the morning and afternoon daily for 1 month. At the end of 4 weeks, all rats were sacrificed and their larynges were evaluated histopathologically.

Results:
Microscobic evaluation of epithelium of vocal folds revealed no significant difference between study groups. There was also no difference between study and control groups. Subepitelial tissue showed no difference between study groups but angiogenesis and inflammation were higher in study groups. Epithelial analysis of false vocal folds showed significant difference between study groups. Female epithelium showed more hyperplastic and metaplastic changes.

Conclusion:
Cigarette smoke damaged both the vocal folds and false vocal folds. The female false vocal folds were more susceptible to damage than the males.
Pulling and Pushing Stem Cells to Control Their Differentiation
Authors: Ashammakhi Nureddin , Kaarela Outi , Ferretti Patrizia 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Much has already been done to achieve precisely controlled and customised regenerative therapies. Thanks to recent advances made in several areas relevant to regenerative medicine including the use of stimuli-responsive materials, 4-dimensional biofabrication, inducible pluripotent stem cells, control of stem cell fate using chemical and physical factors, minimal access delivery, and information-communication technology. In this short perspective, recent advances are discussed with a focus on a recent report on the use of mechanical stretching of nanoparticle-laden stem cells by using external magnetic field to induce defined cardiac line differentiation. Although more and more tools are becoming available for engineering tissue models tissues and the range of potential applications is expanding, there is still much work to be done before it is proved to work with human cells, form tissues and ultimately achieve application in the clinic.
Skull Base Metastasis From Occult Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Golinelli Gloria , Toso Andrea , Rosa Maria Silvia , Valletti Paolo Aluffi , Pia Francesco 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Skull base metastases are extremely rare. The authors report a case of a 65-year-old man who presented with a headache and diplopia secondary to a skull base metastasis from occult renal cell carcinoma. Since there were no other systemic metastases, radical nephrectomy and radiotherapy of the unresectable skull base location were performed. He subsequently received immunotherapy with sunitinib, everolimus, and sorafenib with local and systemic control of the disease after 53 months from surgery. When metastasis is unresectable radical nephrectomy and radiotherapy aimed at the metastasis may be of benefit improving quality of life. Immunotherapy may provide alternative treatment strategies improving the outcomes of patients affected by this rare pathology with historically poor prognosis.