bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Behaviour change techniques associated with adherence to prescribed exercise in patients with persistent musculoskeletal pain: Systematic review
Authors: Meade Laura B. , Bearne Lindsay M. , Sweeney Louise H. , Alageel Samah H. , Godfrey Emma L. 
Published: June 2018

PurposeExercise (planned, structured, repetitive movement) improves pain and function in people with persistent musculoskeletal pain (PMSK), but adherence is often poor. This systematic review evaluates the evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the effectiveness of interventions to improve exercise adherence in people with PMSK and describes the content, context, and theoretical underpinning of behaviour change interventions designed to increase adherence.MethodsNine electronic databases were searched from inception dates to August 2017. Studies were included if they were RCTs that included adults with PMSK ≥3 months; ≥one measure of exercise adherence, exercise prescribed to both groups, and employed ≥one behaviour change technique (BCT) in the treatment group. Independent data extraction, theory coding, BCT taxonomy coding, and quality assessment using Cochrane Risk of Bias (RoB) tool was conducted by two reviewers.ResultsEight RCTs (five low, three high RoB) met inclusion criteria. Five trials reported between‐group differences in exercise adherence, favouring the treatment group. Three trials reported theoretical underpinning. There was moderate evidence that five BCTs, social support, goal setting, instruction of behaviour, demonstration of behaviour, and practice/rehearsal, improved exercise adherence. Interventions employing ≤seven BCTs, unique to those included in the control group, were most effective at enhancing exercise adherence.ConclusionsLimited moderate‐quality evidence supports using a small number of BCTs to enhance exercise adherence in people with PMSK. Further research should explore the associations and synergies between BCTs and explicitly report how theory was utilized. This may inform recommendations for health care professionals working with this population.
Statement of contribution

What is already known on this subject?

Exercise (i.e., planned, structured, repetitive movements) improves pain and function in people with persistent musculoskeletal pain (PMSK).

Many people with PMSK do not adhere to exercises prescribed by a health care professional.

Little research has explored how to enhance adherence to prescribed exercise in people with PMSK.

What does this study add?

Moderate‐quality evidence from eight trials suggests behaviour change interventions enhance exercise adherence.

Social support, goal setting, demonstration, instruction, and rehearsal were employed in effective interventions.

Interventions with ≤7 behaviour change techniques were more effective at improving adherence than those employing >7.
Texturisation behaviour of peanut–soy bean/wheat protein mixtures during high moisture extrusion cooking
Authors: Zhang Jinchuang , Liu Li , Zhu Song , Wang Qiang 
Published: June 2018

SummaryTen groups of peanut protein powder (PPP)–soy protein isolate (SPI)/wheat gluten (WG) mixtures were prepared and extruded under the moisture content of 55%. Extrusion response parameters (specific mechanical energy (SME) and die temperature) during the extrusion were determined. Microstructure and textural properties of the extrudates were analysed. Results suggested that blending the PPP with SPI led to a lower SME and a higher die temperature during the extrusion, which led to a smoother and denser structure in the extrudates. While blending the PPP with WG resulted in a higher SME and a constant high die temperature during the extrusion, showing a rougher and looser structure in the extrudates. Compared with WG, SPI played a major role for the texturisation behaviour of PPP‐SPI‐WG mixtures during high moisture extrusion and for the extrudates. Both SPI and WG are required to improve the textural quality of texturised peanut protein.
Acoustics velocity of liquid argon at high pressure: A classical molecular dynamics study
Authors: Wang Liancheng , Zhou Aiping 
Published: June 2018

The adiabatic sound velocity of liquid argon is calculated by means of classical molecular dynamics simulations via the COMPASS force field, at the temperature of 388 K and the pressure range of 0.5–2.0 GPa. The isothermal sound velocity of liquid argon is obtained from the fluctuations of the supercell volume via Fluctuation Formula. Then, the adiabatic sound velocity is calculated from isothermal sound velocity by the Landau–Placzek ratio derived from the dynamic structure factor of the system. The calculated adiabatic sound velocities of liquid argon are in good agreement with the former Brillouin scattering measurements.
Faster Algorithms for Computing Plurality Points
Authors: Berg Mark De , Gudmundsson Joachim , Mehr Mehran 
Published: June 2018

Let
V
be a set of
n
points in R

d

, which we call voters. A point
p
∈ R

d

is preferred over another point
p
′ ∈ R

d

by a voter υ ∈
V
if dist(υ,
p
) < dist(υ,
p
′). A point
p
is called a plurality point if it is preferred by at least as many voters as any other point
p
′.

We present an algorithm that decides in
O
(
n
log
n
) time whether
V
admits a plurality point in the
L
2
norm and, if so, finds the (unique) plurality point. We also give efficient algorithms to compute a minimum-cost subset
W
⊂
V
such that
V
\
W
admits a plurality point, and to compute a so-called minimum-radius plurality ball.

Finally, we consider the problem in the personalized
L
1
norm, where each point υ ∈
V
has a preference vector 〈
w
1
(υ),…,
w

d

(υ)〉 and the distance from υ to any point
p
∈ R

d

is given by ∑

i
=1

d

w

i

(υ)· |
x

i

(υ)−
x

i

(
p
)|. For this case we can compute in
O
(
n

d
−1

) time the set of all plurality points of
V
. When all preference vectors are equal, the running time improves to
O
(
n
).
On the Effectiveness of Offset Projections for 360-Degree Video Streaming
Authors: Zhou Chao , Li Zhenhua , Osgood Joe , Liu Yao 
Published: June 2018

A new generation of video streaming technology, 360-degree video, promises greater immersiveness than standard video streams. This level of immersiveness is similar to that produced by virtual reality devices—users can control the field of view using head movements rather than needing to manipulate external devices. Although 360-degree video could revolutionize the streaming experience, its large-scale adoption is hindered by a number of factors: 360-degree video streams have larger bandwidth requirements and require faster responsiveness to user inputs, and users may be more sensitive to lower quality streams.
In this article, we review standard approaches toward 360-degree video encoding and compare these to families of approaches that distort the spherical surface to allow oriented concentrations of the 360-degree view. We refer to these distorted projections as offset projections. Our measurement studies show that most types of offset projections produce rendered views with better quality than their nonoffset equivalents when view orientations are within 40 or 50 degrees of the offset orientation. Offset projections complicate adaptive 360-degree video streaming because they require a combination of bitrate and view orientation adaptations. We estimate that this combination of streaming adaptation in two dimensions can cause over 57% extra segments to be downloaded compared to an ideal downloading strategy, wasting 20% of the total downloading bandwidth.
Better Muslim or Jew? The Controversy Around Conversion across Minorities in Fifteenth-Century Castile
Authors: Echevarría Ana 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
This article presents the Responsio in quaestione de muliere sarracena transeunte ad statum et ritum iudaicum (1451) by Alonso Fernández de Madrigal, “El Tostado” (1410–55), as a rich source for the study of conversion across minority groups. A trial conducted before the archbishop of Toledo concerning a Muslim woman turned Jew by her lover in Talavera de la Reina (Spain) caused a scandal in Christian society. As one of the most outstanding legal scholars at the University of Salamanca, Madrigal established the right of the archbishop of Toledo to judge an issue involving the two minorities and decided in favor of the woman returning to her faith of origin, instead of imposing the death penalty. While conversion superseded issues of illicit sexual relations, gender acted as a mitigating circumstance. This article will also consider how the three communities contributed to the survival of “cohabitation,” defined by Madrigal as social peace, and the preservation of the status of the different religions living together in Castile.
A (New) Old Iranian Etymology for Biblical Aramaic ‮אֲדַרְגָּזַר‬‎
Authors: Noonan Benjamin J. 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Despite the many advances that have taken place in our understanding of the Hebrew Bible’s Old Iranian terminology, the donor terms of several words have remained elusive. Among them is Biblical Aramaic ‮אֲדַרְגָּזַר‬‎ (Dan. 3:2–3). Proposed Old Iranian etymologies for this word suffer from various phonological and semantic difficulties, rendering them unlikely. This paper proposes that Biblical Aramaic ‮אֲדַרְגָּזַר‬‎ is best derived from *ādrangāžara- ‘announcer of financial obligation’, a compound of *ādranga- ‘financial obligation’ and *āžara- ‘announcer’. A derivation from Old Iranian *ādrangāžara- adequately explains the form of Biblical Aramaic ‮אֲדַרְגָּזַר‬‎. Furthermore, this etymology also suits the context well in that ‮אֲדַרְגָּזַר‬‎ occurs just prior to ‮גְּדָבַר‬‎ ‘treasurer’ and therefore falls logically within the progression from political administration to finances to law evident in the lists of Nebuchadnezzar’s officials (Dan. 3:2–3).
Application of Local Intrinsic Dimension for Acoustical Analysis of Voice Signal Components
Authors: Liu Boquan , Polce Evan , Jiang Jack 
Published: June 2018

Purpose: The overall aim of this study was to apply local intrinsic dimension ( Di) estimation to quantify high-dimensional, disordered voice and discriminate between the 4 types of voice signals. It was predicted that continuous Di analysis throughout the entire time-series would generate comprehensive descriptions of voice signal components, called voice type component profiles (VTCP), that effectively distinguish between the 4 voice types. Method: One hundred thirty-five voice recording samples of the sustained vowel /a/ were obtained from the Disordered Voice Database Model 4337 and spectrographically classified into the voice type paradigm. The Di and correlation dimension ( D2) were then used to objectively analyze the voice samples and compared based on voice type differentiation efficacy. Results: The D2 exhibited limited effectiveness in distinguishing between the 4 voice type signals. For Di analysis, significant differences were primarily observed when comparing voice type component 1 (VTC1) and 4 (VTC4) across the 4 voice type signals ( P < .001). The 4 voice type components (VTCs) significantly differentiated between low-dimensional, type 3 and high-dimensional, type 4 signals ( P < .001). Conclusions: The Di demonstrated improvements over D2 in 2 distinct manners: enhanced resolution at high data dimensions and comprehensive description of voice signal elements.
Psychometric Testing of the Resilience at Work Scale Using Indian Sample
Authors: Malik Parul , Garg Pooja 
Published: June 2018

Executive Summary With incessant global competition, technological innovations, organizational restructuring, and turbulent business environment, contemporary organizations need resilient employees, who in turn are capable to face unprecedented changes and adapt successfully to challenging roles, tasks, and situations ( Shin, Taylor, & Seo, 2012 ). Consequently, this necessitates a validated employee-centric measure of resilience for assisting the organizations in fostering and measuring employee resilience development, which would enable employees to meet the challenges and growing work demands ( Hodliffe, 2014 , The development and validation of the employee resilience scale (EmpRes): The conceptualisation of a new model (Doctoral dissertation), New Zealand: University of Canterbury; Masten, 2001 , American Psychologist, 56(3), 227; Winwood, Colon, & McEwen, 2013 , Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 55(10), 1205–1212). To address this gap, the study assessed the psychometric properties of the ‘resilience at work’ (RAW) scale. The study sample comprised employees working in IT organizations operating in the Indian National Capital Region (NCR). The study is based on cross-sectional questionnaire responses from 546 Indian employees working in the IT industry. A confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was conducted to test the factorial validity followed by an analysis of convergent and discriminant validity of the scale items. To evaluate the convergent validity, this study utilized three standard criteria which are standard factor loadings, composite reliability, and average variance extracted (AVE) ( Anderson & Gerbing, 1988 , Psychological Bulletin, 103(3), 411–423). In addition, the study tested the nomological validity of the RAW scale. The study results reveal that the RAW scale exhibits high reliability and the results of CFA validated the seven-factor model of the RAW scale. The results of CFA and reliability of the scale demonstrate that the scale can be utilized to develop and measure resilience among Indian employees. Furthermore, the results of the nomological validity exhibit a significant relationship between resilience and work engagement. This study offers significant implications for both researchers and HRD practitioners. The study provides preliminary evidence for the psychometric properties of the scale in t he Indian organizational context and signifies its potential for the cross-cultural implementations. The RAW scale, thence, can be utilized by organizations as a validated tool for measuring and developing resilience among employees.
Do low-dose corticosteroids improve survival or shock reversal from septic shock in adults? Meta-analysis with trial sequential analysis
Authors: Xu Rui , Wang Qian , Huang Yan , Wu Ling , Liu Qi , Hu Wei , Zhou Chengfu , Du Quan 
Published: June 2018

Objective This meta-analysis with trial sequential analysis (TSA) was performed to determine whether low-dose corticosteroids (LDCs) can improve survival or shock reversal from septic shock in adults. Methods A literature search was performed using several databases (Medline, Cochrane Library, Embase, and Chinese Biological Medical Database) until 23 October 2017. The systematic review was registered in PROSPERO. Results Nine randomized controlled trials (RCTs) (n = 1182) were included. LDC intervention improved 7-day shock reversal compared with the control group (relative risk, 1.36; TSA-adjusted 95% confidence interval, 1.20–1.54). LDCs had no statistically significant effects on gastrointestinal bleeding or superinfection. LDCs did not reduce 28-day mortality from septic shock (relative risk, 0.96; TSA-adjusted 95% confidence interval, 0.74–1.24). The TSA indicated that RCTs of about 3000 patients would be needed to draw definitive conclusions; similar results were obtained in a subgroup analysis of nonresponders. Conclusions LDCs improve 7-day shock reversal. However, whether LDCs improve 28-day survival from septic shock in adults remains unclear. The results of well-designed larger RCTs are needed.
Prevalence of Cognitive Impairment Among Elderly Patients Upon Hospital Admission Using Mini-Cog™ Assessments Performed by Advanced Pharmacy Practice Experience Students
Authors: Bui Nghi (Andy) , Adeola Mobolaji , Azad Rejena , Swan Joshua T. , Agarwal Kathryn S. , Sharma Manvi , Liebl Michael G. , Taffet George E. 
Published: June 2018

Background: Older adults with cognitive impairment may have difficulty understanding and complying with medical or medication instructions provided during hospitalization which may adversely impact patient outcomes. Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of cognitive impairment among patients aged 65 years and older within 24 hours of hospital admission using Mini-Cog™ assessments performed by advanced pharmacy practice experience (APPE) students. Methods: Students on APPE rotations were trained to perform Mini-Cog™ assessments during routine medication education sessions from February 2017 to April 2017. The primary end point was the prevalence of cognitive impairment indicated by a Mini-Cog™ score of ≤3. Secondary end points were the average number of observed Mini-Cog™ practice assessments required for APPE students to meet competency requirements, caregiver identification, and 30-day hospital readmissions. Results: Twelve APPE students completed the training program after an average of 4.4 (standard deviation [SD] = 1.0) graded Mini-Cog™ assessments. Of the 1159 admissions screened, 273 were included in the analysis. The prevalence of cognitive impairment was 55% (n = 149, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 48%-61%). A caregiver was identified for 41% (n = 113, 95% CI: 35%-47%) of patients, and 79 patients had a caregiver present at bedside during the visit. Hospital readmission within 30 days of discharge was 15% (n = 41, 95% CI: 11%-20%). Conclusion: Cognitive impairment could substantially impair a patient’s ability to comprehend education provided during hospitalization. Pharmacy students can feasibly perform Mini-Cog™ assessments to evaluate cognitive function, thereby allowing them to tailor education content and involve caregivers when necessary.
Is There Evidence that the Percutaneous Compression Plate Method of Internal Fixation for Intertrochanteric Hip Fractures Leads to Better Intraoperative and Postoperative Outcomes than the Dynamic Hip Screw?
Authors: Halle-Smith James M , Carnegy Alasdair JA , Carr Richard , Ahmed Arhfat , Wooley Robert , Wall Peter 
Published: June 2018

Background: Hip fractures are common, expensive and lead to considerable morbidity and mortality. An ageing population in the United Kingdom means that rates of this injury are increasing, making them a pressing public health issue. The National Institute of Health and Care Excellence (NICE) recommends that extramedullary implants are used over intramedullary nails to fix intertrochanteric fractures, which make up half of all hip fractures. However, there is currently no guidance on the preferred type of extramedullary device whether this be the commonly used dynamic hip screw (DHS) or another newer device. It has been suggested that a percutaneous compression plate (PCCP) can reduce complications and improve functional outcome compared with the traditional DHS. Review Question: In patients with intertrochanteric hip fractures, is the PCCP more effective than the DHS in terms of relevant intraoperative and postoperative outcomes such as blood loss, implant failure, and mortality? Literature Search: We first searched for relevant information in the NICE Clinical Guideline on Hip Fracture Management (CG124), then National Health Service (NHS) evidence for Clinical Knowledge Summaries, then the Cochrane library for systematic reviews. Finally, we conducted an electronic search of the PubMed database. Review Findings: We selected five systematic reviews and eight primary studies for review. The main findings were that the PCCP was associated with significantly less blood loss, fewer blood transfusions, and shorter operating times compared with the DHS. However, no significant differences were found in postoperative pain, orthopaedic performance, and mortality rates between the two methods. There was no comparison of cost-effectiveness between the two methods. Conclusions: The PCCP is superior to the DHS in terms of intraoperative blood loss and, potentially, non-orthopaedic postoperative complications such as deep vein thrombosis and nosocomial infection. However, there was no significant difference in mortality rates between the two methods. Current studies on this topic have several methodological issues and some are of relatively poor quality. Further higher quality research and cost-effectiveness are necessary to further evaluate the efficacy of these methods.
Factors associated with non-participation in and dropout from cardiac rehabilitation programmes: a systematic review of prospective cohort studies
Authors: Resurrección Davinia Maria , Moreno-Peral Patricia , Gómez-Herranz Marta , Rubio-Valera Maria , Pastor Luis , Caldas de Almeida Jose Miguel , Motrico Emma 
Published: June 2018

Background: Although evidence exists for the efficacy of cardiac rehabilitation programmes to reduce morbidity and mortality among patients with cardiovascular disease, cardiac rehabilitation programmes are underused. We aimed systematically to review the evidence from prospective cohort studies on factors associated with non-participation in and/or dropping out from cardiac rehabilitation programmes. Methods: MedLine, Embase, Scopus, Open Grey and Cochrane Database were searched for relevant publications from inception to February 2018. Search terms included (a) coronary heart disease and other cardiac conditions; (b) cardiac rehabilitation and secondary prevention; and (c) non-participation in and/or dropout. Databases were searched following the PRISMA statement. Study selection, data extraction and the assessment of study quality were performed in duplicate. Results: We selected 43 studies with a total of 63,425 patients from 10 different countries that met the inclusion criteria. Factors associated with non-participation in and dropout from cardiac rehabilitation were grouped into six broad categories: intrapersonal factors, clinical factors, interpersonal factors, logistical factors, cardiac rehabilitation programme factors and health system factors. We found that clinical factors, logistical factors and health system factors were the main factors assessed for non-participation in cardiac rehabilitation. We also found differences between the factors associated with non-participation and dropout. Conclusions: Several factors were determinant for non-participation in and dropout from cardiac rehabilitation. These findings could be useful to clinicians and policymakers for developing interventions aimed at improving participation and completion of cardiac rehabilitation, such as E-health or home-based delivery programmes. Trial Registration: International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) identifier: CRD42016032973.