bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of maternal periodontitis on GLUT4 and inflammatory pathway in adult offspring
Authors: Mattera Maria Sara de Lima Coutinho , Chiba Fernando Yamamoto , Lopes Flávia Lombardi , Tsosura Thaís Verônica Saori , Peres Maria Angelica , Brito Victor Gustavo Balera , de Oliveira Sandra Helena Penha , Pereira Renato Felipe , Marani Fernando , dos Santos Rodrigo Martins , Belardi Bianca Elvira , Tessarin Gestter Willian Lattari , Benites Mariana Lopes , Ervolino Edilson , Heimann Joel Claudio , Sumida Doris Hissako 
Published: February 2019

AbstractBackgroundMaternal periodontal disease leads to low birth weight (LBW), insulin resistance (IR), increased TNF‐α levels, and alterations in insulin signaling in adult offspring. TNF‐α has been associated with the stimulation of IKKβ/NF‐κB, resulting in the decreased expression of GLUT4. Another mechanism that may be involved in decreasing GLUT4 expression is DNA methylation. This study aimed to evaluate in the adult offspring of rats with periodontal disease: IR, inflammatory pathways, DNA methylation, and expression of GLUT4.MethodsFemale Wistar rats were distributed into control and experimental periodontal disease groups. Seven days after induction of periodontal disease, both groups were mated with healthy male rats. After weaning, male offspring were distributed into control offspring (CN‐o) and periodontal disease offspring (PED‐o) groups. Body weights were measured from 0–75 days of age. At day 75, the following were measured in the offspring: IR (HOMA‐IR index); TNF‐α and NF‐κBp65 content in the gastrocnemius muscle (GM) by western blotting; IKKα/β, JNK, ERK 1/2, NF‐κBp65, and NF‐κBp50 phosphorylation status in the GM by western blotting; DNA methylation by restriction digest and real‐time PCR(qAMP); and expression of GLUT4 mRNA in the GM by real‐time PCR.ResultsLBW, IR, increases in TNF‐α, IKKα/β, ERK 1/2, NF‐κBp65, and NF‐κBp50 decreased expression of GLUT4 mRNA were observed in the PED‐o rats. No differences were identified in JNK phosphorylation status and DNA methylation in the evaluated regions of the GLUT4‐encoding gene Slc2a4.ConclusionMaternal periodontal disease causes LBW, IR, activation of inflammatory pathways, and decreased GLUT4 expression in the GM of adult offspring.
Amyloid formation kinetics of hen egg white lysozyme under heat and acidic conditions revealed by Raman spectroscopy
Authors: Xing Lei , Fan Wei , Chen Ning , Li Mengna , Zhou Xiaoguo , Liu Shilin 
Published: February 2019

AbstractAmyloid fibrillation of proteins is a hallmark of neurodegenerative disease, accompanied by the formation of the organized cross‐β cores. This conformational transformation is considered to be related to the toxicity underlying the pathogenic mechanism. However, the exact conformational transformation kinetics of amyloid fibrillation are not fully understood. Herein, Raman spectroscopy was used to detect the transformation in the molecular structure of hen egg white lysozyme during amyloid formation under heat and acidic conditions (pH 2.0 and 65°C). The overall kinetics of the hen egg white lysozyme conformational change were investigated by analyzing five characteristic spectral fingerprints. The two N–Cα–C stretching bands at 899 and 935 cm−1 and the amide I band (at 1,640–1,680 cm−1) correlated to the lysozyme skeleton structure, whereas the band of the Phe amino acid group in side chains at 1,003 cm−1 and the two Trp residue bands at 760 and 1,340–1,360 cm−1 were associated with the tertiary structure. Based on these results, a four‐stage step‐by‐step transformation mechanism is first proposed to describe the exact kinetics of lysozyme amyloid fibrillation under heat and acidic conditions. This provides necessary information for physiologists to artificially control the amyloid formation of neurodegenerative disease patients.
Perioperative and oncological outcomes of abdominoperineal resection in the prone position vs the classic lithotomy position: A systematic review with meta‐analysis
Authors: Mesquita‐Neto Jose Wilson B. , Mouzaihem Hassan , Macedo Francisco Igor B. , Heilbrun Lance K. , Weaver Donald W. , Kim Steve 
Published: February 2019

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesThis study is a systematic review with meta‐analysis designed to compare the perioperative and oncological outcomes of the abdominoperineal resection (APR) carried out in the prone jack‐knife position (P‐APR) vs the classic lithotomy position (C‐APR).MethodsWe conducted an electronic search through PubMed utilizing the PRISMA guidelines. We included all randomized and nonrandomized studies which allowed for comparative analysis between the two groups. Research that focused on and analyzed the extralevator abdominal excision were excluded. Pooled variables and number of events were analyzed using the random‐effect model.ResultsThe final analysis included seven nonrandomized retrospective cohorts encompassing 1663 patients. P‐APR was associated with decreased operative time (OT) (DM, −43.8 minutes; P < 0.01) and estimated blood loss (EBL) (DM, 86.9 mL; P < 0.01). There were no observed differences regarding perineal wound infections (PWI) (odds ratio [OR], 0.36; P = 0.18), intraoperative perforation of rectum (IOP) (OR, 0.98; P = 0.97), circumferential resection margin (CRM) positivity (OR, 1.02; P = 0.98) or 5‐year LR (OR, 1.00; P = 0.99).ConclusionThe prone approach for APR is associated with decreased EBL and OT, although not with any change in the incidence of PWI or IOP. Moreover, surgical positioning per se does not appear to affect the CRM positivity rates or LR rate.
Emotional Reactivity, Emotion Regulation Capacity, and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Traumatized Refugees: An Experimental Investigation
Authors: Spiller Tobias R. , Liddell Belinda J. , Schick Matthis , Morina Naser , Schnyder Ulrich , Pfaltz Monique , Bryant Richard A. , Nickerson Angela 
Published: February 2019

AbstractRefugees who suffer from posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) often react with strong emotions when confronted with trauma reminders. In this study, we aimed to investigate the associations between low emotion regulation capacity (as indexed by low heart rate variability [HRV]), probable PTSD diagnosis, and fear and anger reaction and recovery to trauma‐related stimuli. Participants were 81 trauma‐exposed refugees (probable PTSD, n = 23; trauma‐exposed controls, n = 58). The experiment comprised three 5‐min phases: a resting phase (baseline); an exposition phase, during which participants were exposed to trauma‐related images (stimulus); and another resting phase (recovery). We assessed HRV at baseline, and fear and anger were rated at the end of each phase. Linear mixed model analyses were used to investigate the associations between baseline HRV and probable DSM‐5 PTSD diagnosis in influencing anger and fear responses both immediately after viewing trauma‐related stimuli and at the end of the recovery phase. Compared to controls, participants with probable PTSD showed a greater increase in fear from baseline to stimulus presentation, d = 0.606. Compared to participants with low emotion regulation capacity, participants with high emotion regulation capacity showed a smaller reduction in anger from stimulus presentation to recovery, d = 0.548. Our findings indicated that following exposure to trauma‐related stimuli, probable PTSD diagnosis predicted increased fear reactivity, and low emotion regulation capacity predicted decreased anger recovery. Impaired anger recovery following trauma reminders in the context of low emotion regulation capacity might contribute to the increased levels of anger found in postconflict samples.
Diagnostic Accuracy of Echo Envelope Statistical Modeling Compared to B‐Mode and Power Doppler Ultrasound Imaging in Patients With Clinically Diagnosed Lateral Epicondylosis of the Elbow
Authors: Bureau Nathalie J. , Destrempes François , Acid Souad , Lungu Eugen , Moser Thomas , Michaud Johan , Cloutier Guy 
Published: February 2019

ObjectivesTo compare the accuracy of homodyned K quantitative ultrasound (QUS) with that of B‐mode and Doppler ultrasound imaging for discriminating between lateral epicondylosis (LE) and asymptomatic elbows.MethodsThis prospective study received Institutional Review Board approval, and participants provided written informed consent. Between February 2015 and March 2017, 30 LE elbows in 27 patients and 24 asymptomatic elbows in 13 volunteers underwent B‐mode, Doppler, and radiofrequency ultrasound imaging of the common extensor tendon (CET) and radial collateral ligament (RCL). Two readers classified the elbows independently on the basis of a review of B‐mode and Doppler images. The global and local estimates of QUS parameters (μn, 1/α, andk) were computed in the CET and CET‐RCL regions, respectively, and the area of each region was calculated. A random‐forest classifier identified the most discriminating 3‐parameter combination: CET global estimate of 1/α, CET‐RCL area, and local estimate ofk.ResultsThe patients with LE had a mean age of 50 years (range, 31–66 years), and the volunteers had a mean age of 50 years (range, 37–57 years). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, sensitivity, and specificity of reader 1, reader 2, and the QUS‐based model were 0.80 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.66–0.95), 0.72 (95% CI, 0.56–0.89), and 0.88 (95% CI, 0.72–1.04); 0.79 (95% CI, 0.66–0.93), 0.65 (95% CI, 0.47–0.82), and 0.84 (95% CI, 0.67–1.01); and 0.82 (95% CI, 0.80–0.85), 0.73, and 0.79, respectively.ConclusionsAn automated, computer‐based QUS technique diagnosed LE with accuracy of 0.82. This technique could provide quantitative biomarkers for the characterization of LE disease.
3D Printing of a Robust Polyamide‐12‐Carbon Black Composite via Selective Laser Sintering: Thermal and Electrical Conductivity
Authors: Espera Alejandro H. , Valino Arnaldo D. , Palaganas Jerome O. , Souza Lucio , Chen Qiyi , Advincula Rigoberto C. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe need for big volume powder materials in building mechanically robust sintered parts via selective laser sintering (SLS) has been observed considering the direction towards the future of mass fabrication. This work presents a facile approach of combining polyamide‐12 (PA12) and carbon black (CB) powders to be used in the SLS application. The study investigates the mixing consistency, mechanical property, and thermal stability changes of the resulting 3D printed material. Bulk resistivity is correlated with the amount of CB, showing consistency of carbon content in the sintered parts produced by the effective separate grains mixing method. 3D printed parts are built with 0, 1.5, 3, 5 and 10 wt% CB via SLS. Improvements are seen at 1.5 and 3 wt% CB with the blockage of crack growth by the CB particles on applied load. For concentrations greater than 3 wt%, mechanical properties degrade due to hindering of physical contact between PA12 particles caused by CB particles, thereby reducing the effectiveness of the sintering process. The CB/PA12 sintered parts exhibit enhanced thermal stability resulting in higher degradation temperatures than the neat PA12. Therefore, in this study, thermally and mechanically enhanced 3D printed CB/PA12 build parts via SLS are successfully demonstrated.
Efficient integration of scalable active‐phased array antenna based on modular approach for MM‐wave applications
Authors: Abdel‐Wahab Wael , Al‐Saedi Hussam , Ehsandar Ahmad , Palizban Ardeshir , Raeis‐Zadeh Mohsen , Safavi‐Naeini Safieddin 
Published: February 2019

AbstractIn this article, efficient integration approach of building large‐scale active‐phased array antenna (A‐PAA) for millimeter‐wave (mm‐wave) is presented. In this approach, large‐scale A‐PAA is constructed from smaller size A‐PAAs (modules) with inter‐element spacing of half‐wave length and assembled into efficient planar waveguide feeding platform based on substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) technology. Simple low profile vertical RF‐connection between the SIW splitter/combiner outputs and the modules using surface mount super‐mini board‐to‐board (SM‐SMC) is presented. Embedded metallic via‐pad transition integrated into the SIW board is employed to match the SM‐SMC to the SIW mode at Ka band. Sixteen‐way power splitter with transitions to SM‐SMCs is designed at 30 GHz. The measured results of S‐parameters show insertion loss of <0.70 dB over the operating frequencies 28.50‐30.50 GHz.
A preliminary study of the local biomechanical environment of liver tumors in vivo
Authors: Ma Shengyuan , Zhu Mo , Xia Xiaolong , Guo Liang , Genin Guy M. , Sacks Michael S. , Gao Mingyuan , Mutic Sasa , Hu Yanle , Hu Chun‐hong , Feng Yuan 
Published: February 2019

PurposeBiomechanical properties can be used as biomarkers to diagnose tumors, monitor tumor development, and evaluate treatment efficacy. The purpose of this preliminary study is to characterize the biomechanical environment of two typical liver tumors, hemangiomas (HEMs) and hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs), and to investigate the potential of using strain metrics as biomarkers for tumor diagnosis, based on a limited clinical dataset.MethodsMagnetic resonance (MR) tagging was used to quantify the motion and deformation of the two types of liver tumors. Displacements of the tumors arising from a heartbeat were measured over one cardiac cycle. Local biomechanical conditions of the tumors were characterized by estimating two principal strains (ε1 and ε2) and an octahedral shear strain (εsoct) of the tumor and its peripheral region. Biomechanical conditions of the tumors were compared with those of the arbitrarily selected regions from healthy volunteers.ResultsWe observed that the HCCs had significantly smaller strain values compared to their peripheral tissues. However, the HEMs did not have significantly different strains from those of the peripheral tissues, and were similar to healthy liver regions. The sensitivity of using ε1, ε2, and εsoct to diagnose HCC were all 1, while the sensitivity of using ε1, ε2, and εsoct to diagnose HEM were 0.67, 0.17, and 0.67, respectively.ConclusionsLagrangian strain metrics provide insight into the biomechanical conditions of certain liver tumors in the human body and may provide another perspective for tumor characterization and diagnosis.
Meet the Board of ChemistryOpen: Thomas Wirth
Authors: Wirth Thomas 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThomas Wirth
is Professor of organic chemistry at Cardiff University. He received the Werner Prize from the New Swiss Chemical Society in 2000, the Wolfson Research Merit Award from the Royal Society, and the Bader Award from the Royal Society of Chemistry in 2016. He is an elected fellow of The Learned Society of Wales and currently serves as Chair of the Editorial Board for ChemistryOpen.
Pregnancy Outcomes in Women with Spinal Cord Injuries: A Population‐Based Study
Authors: Crane Deborah A. , Doody David R. , Schiff Melissa A. , Mueller Beth A. 
Published: February 2019

BackgroundPregnant women with congenital or acquired spinal cord injury face challenges due to compromised neurologic function and mobility, factors that may also affect fetal/infant health. Few studies have examined pregnancy course and longer‐term outcomes in this population.ObjectiveTo assess pregnancy outcomes among women with spinal cord injury, paralysis, or spina bifida using population‐based data.DesignRetrospective cohort study.SettingWashington state linked birth‐hospital discharge records.ParticipantsAll women (N = 529) with spinal cord injury, paralysis, or spina bifida with singleton live birth deliveries 1987‐2012, and a comparison group of women without disabilities (N = 5282).MethodsDiagnosis codes were screened to identify cases and a 10:1 random sample of comparison women. Relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated overall and separately for each condition using multivariable regression. Subsequent hospitalizations or death were identified via linkage to hospital discharge/death records for 2 years after delivery.Main Outcome MeasurementsPregnancy course (weight gain, gestational diabetes, preeclampsia, infection, venous thromboembolism), delivery/labor characteristics, infant characteristics (birthweight/size, gestational age), and longer‐term outcomes (occurrence/reasons for maternal/infant rehospitalization, mortality).ResultsWomen with these spinal conditions had increased adjusted risks of prenatal urinary tract infection/pyelonephritis (RR 26.43, 95% CI 13.97‐49.99), venous thromboembolism (RR 9.16, 95% CI 2.17‐38.60), preterm rupture of membranes (RR 2.15, 95% CI 1.18‐3.90), and cesarean delivery (RR 1.88, 95% CI 1.70‐2.09). They had longer hospitalizations and increased rehospitalization (RR 1.54, 95% CI 1.28‐1.87), including for postpartum depression (RR 8.15, 4.29‐15.48) or injury (RR 13.05, 95% CI 6.60‐25.81). Their infants were more often small for gestational age (RR 1.65, 95% CI 1.33‐2.06), but had no increased risk of rehospitalization or death.ConclusionsWe observed no increased long‐term morbidity among infants of women with these conditions. Possible increased maternal morbidities during the first postpartum years indicate areas for intervention.Level of EvidenceIII.
Complementary and Alternative Medicine Use by U.S. Adults with Self‐Reported Doctor‐Diagnosed Arthritis: Results from the 2012 National Health Interview Survey
Authors: Zhang Yan , Dennis Jeff A. , Bishop Felicity L. , Cramer Holger , Leach Matthew , Lauche Romy , Sundberg Tobias , Leung Brenda , Zhang Anthony L. , Bacon Luke , Sibbritt David , Adams Jon 
Published: February 2019

BackgroundThe use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) therapies have been reported for the management of arthritis. However, little is known about CAM use among adults with self‐reported doctor‐diagnosed arthritis.ObjectivesTo determine (1) the prevalence and type of CAM use, (2) the difference in characteristics between CAM users and non‐CAM users, and (3) the factors related to CAM use, among U.S. adults with self‐reported doctor‐diagnosed arthritis.DesignSecondary analysis of the 2012 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) data.SettingThe NHIS is a cross‐sectional survey that gathers health‐related data on the civilian, noninstitutionalized U.S. population.ParticipantsThe NHIS 2012 uses a complex, multistage sampling design and oversamples minorities to achieve population representation; it included 34 525 adults, with 7179 adults having arthritis.MethodsData were analyzed using Stata 15.1 survey syntax. The potential factors related to CAM use included sociodemographics and health‐related characteristics.Main Outcome MeasurementsCAM modalities were categorized into six groups: natural products, manipulative therapies, mind‐body therapies, special diets, movement therapies, and other practitioner‐based CAM modalities.ResultsOf the adults with arthritis, 2428 (weighted estimate of 36.2% of U.S. adult population) had used CAM within the last year. Adults with arthritis reported greater use of CAM than those without, particularly the use of natural products, manipulative therapies and other practitioner‐based CAM modalities. Factors associated with higher CAM use included being female, residing in regions other than the U.S. South, having a college degree or higher, reporting very good/excellent self‐rated health status, and having current symptoms of joint stiffness/pain.ConclusionAs more than one‐third of U.S. adults with arthritis seek CAM therapies, open and nonjudgmental conversations between conventional medicine providers, CAM providers, and patients should be encouraged to ensure patient health care needs are being met.Level of EvidenceIII
Phenotypic and genotypic pyrethroid resistance ofAedes albopictus, with focus on the 2017 chikungunya outbreak in Italy
Authors: Pichler Verena , Malandruccolo Chiara , Serini Paola , Bellini Romeo , Severini Francesco , Toma Luciano , Di Luca Marco , Montarsi Fabrizio , Ballardini Marco , Manica Mattia , Petrarca Vincenzo , Vontas John , Kasai Shinji , della Torre Alessandra , Caputo Beniamino 
Published: February 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe highly invasive mosquito speciesAedes albopictushas become a major health concern in temperate areas due to its role as vector of exotic arboviruses. Pyrethroid insecticides represent the main tools for limiting the circulation of such mosquito‐borne viruses. The present work aim to extend previous reports on phenotypic pyrethroid‐resistance in EuropeanAe. albopictus, to identify its genetic basis and to monitor the geographical distribution of resistant genotypes, with a particular focus on sites experiencing the 2017 chikungunya outbreak in Italy.RESULTSBioassays, performed according to World Health Organization protocols, showed full susceptibility to deltamethrin (concentration = 0.05%) and varying levels of resistance to permethrin (0.75%) and/or α‐cypermethrin (0.05%) across Italy, with highest levels in the core of the 2017 chikungunya outbreak. Partial genotyping of theVSSCgene revealed widespread distribution of V1016G mutation and confirmed its association with pyrethroid resistance.CONCLUSIONThe results obtained show that the condition for the spread of pyrethroid resistance inAe. albopictusin Europe exists under strong selective pressure due to intensive insecticide spraying to control exotic arbovirus outbreak or high levels of nuisance. The results draw attention to the need for an evidence‐based implementation of mosquito nuisance control, taking insecticide resistance management into consideration. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Responses of two ladybird beetle species (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) to dietary RNAi
Authors: Haller Simone , Widmer Franco , Siegfried Blair D , Zhuo Xuguo , Romeis Jörg 
Published: February 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDOne concern with the adoption of RNAi‐based genetically engineered (GE) crops is the potential harm to valued non‐target organisms. Species of Coccinellidae (Coleoptera) are important natural enemies and might be exposed to the insecticidal dsRNA produced by the plant. To assess their susceptibility to dietary RNAi, we fed Adalia bipunctata and Coccinella septempunctata with a dsRNA designed to target the vATPase A of the western corn rootworm, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera (Dvv dsRNA). Specific dsRNAs designed to target the vATPase A of the two ladybird beetle species served as positive controls.RESULTSOur results revealed that both species were sensitive to dietary RNAi when ingesting their own dsRNAs, with C. septempunctata being more sensitive than A. bipunctata. Dvv dsRNA also adversely affected the two ladybird beetles as indicated by a significantly (but marginally) prolonged developmental time for A. bipunctata and a significantly reduced survival rate for C. septempunctata. These results, however, were obtained at Dvv dsRNA concentrations that were orders of magnitude higher than expected to occur in the field. Gene expression analyses confirmed the bioactivity of the dsRNA treatments and the results from the feeding bioassays. These results are consistent with the bioinformatics analyses, which revealed a higher number of 21‐nucleotide‐long matches, a requirement for effective RNAi, of the Dvv dsRNA with the vATPase A of C. septempunctata (34 matches) than with that of A. bipunctata (six matches).CONCLUSIONFeeding bioassays revealed that two ladybird species are responsive to dietary RNAi. The two species, however, differed in their sensitivity. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry