bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gaia Data Release 2
Authors: Molnár László , Plachy Emese , Juhász Áron L. , Rimoldini Lorenzo 
Published: November 2018

Context. The second data release of the Gaia mission (DR2) includes an advance catalogue of variable stars. The classifications of these stars are based on sparse photometry from the first 22 months of the mission.
Aims. We set out to investigate the purity and completeness of the all-sky Gaia classification results with the help of the continuous light curves of the observed targets from the Kepler and K2 missions, focusing specifically on RR Lyrae and Cepheid pulsators, outside the Galactic bulge region.
Methods. We cross-matched the Gaia identifications with the observations collected by the Kepler space telescope. We inspected the light curves visually, then calculated the relative Fourier coefficients and period ratios for the single- and double-mode K2 RR Lyrae stars to further classify them.
Results. We identified 1443 and 41 stars classified as RR Lyrae or Cepheid variables in Gaia DR2 in the targeted observations of the two missions and 263 more RR Lyre targets in the full-frame images (FFI) of the original mission. We provide the cross-match of these sources. We conclude that the RR Lyrae catalogue has a completeness between 70–78%, and provide a purity estimate of between 92 and 98% (targeted observations) with lower limits of 75% (FFI stars) and 51% (K2 worst-case scenario). The low number of Cepheids prevents us from drawing detailed conclusions, but the purity of the DR2 sample is estimated to be about 66%.
Role of host star variability in the detectability of planetary phase curves
Authors: Hidalgo D. , Alonso R. , Pallé E. 
Published: November 2018

Phase curves, or the change in observed illumination of the planet as it orbits around its host star, help us to characterize their atmospheres. However, the variability of the host star can make their detection challenging. The presence of starspots, faculae, flares, and rotational effects introduce brightness variations that can hide other flux variations related to the presence of an exoplanet: ellipsoidal variation, Doppler boosting, and a combination of reflected light and thermal emission from the planet. Here we present a study to quantify the effect of stellar variability on the detectability of phase curves in the optical. In the first stage we simulated ideal data, with different white noise levels, and with cadences and total duration matching a quarter of the Kepler mission. We performed injection and recovery tests to evaluate the minimum number of planetary orbits that need to be observed in order to determine the amplitude of the phase curve with an accuracy of 15%. We also evaluate the effect of a simplistic stellar variability signal with low amplitude in order to provide strong constraints on the minimum number of orbits needed under these ideal conditions. In the second stage we applied these methods to data from Q9 of the Kepler mission, known for its low instrumental noise. The injection and recovery tests are performed on a selected sample of the less noisy stars in different effective temperature ranges. Even for the shortest explored planet period of 1 day, we find that observing a single orbit of the planet fails to detect accurately more than 90% of the inserted amplitude. The best recovery rates, close to 48%, are obtained after 10 orbits of a 1 day period planet with the largest explored amplitude of 150 ppm. The temperature range of the host stars providing better recovery ratios is 5500 K < Teff < 6000 K. Our results provide guidelines to selecting the best targets in which phase curves can be measured to the greatest accuracy, given the variability and effective temperature of its host star, which is of interest for the upcoming TESS, CHEOPS, and PLATO space missions.
Spiral-shaped wavefronts in a sunspot umbra
Authors: Felipe T. , Kuckein C. , Khomenko E. , Thaler I. 
Published: November 2018

Context. Solar active regions show a wide variety of oscillatory phenomena. The presence of the magnetic field leads to the appearance of several wave modes whose behavior is determined by the sunspot thermal and magnetic structure.
Aims. We aim to study the relation between the umbral and penumbral waves observed at the high photosphere and the magnetic field topology of the sunspot.
Methods. Observations of the sunspot in active region NOAA 12662 obtained with the GREGOR telescope (Observatorio del Teide, Tenerife, Spain) were acquired on 2017 June 17. The data set includes a temporal series in the Fe I 5435 Å line obtained with the imaging spectrograph GREGOR Fabry-Pérot Interferometer (GFPI) and a spectropolarimetric raster map acquired with the GREGOR Infrared Spectrograph (GRIS) in the 10 830 Å spectral region. The Doppler velocity deduced from the restored Fe I 5435 Å line has been determined, and the magnetic field vector of the sunspot has been inferred from spectropolarimetric inversions of the Ca I 10 839 Å and the Si I 10 827 Å lines.
Results. A two-armed spiral wavefront has been identified in the evolution of the two-dimensional velocity maps from the Fe I 5435 Å line. The wavefronts initially move counterclockwise in the interior of the umbra, and develop into radially outward propagating running penumbral waves when they reach the umbra-penumbra boundary. The horizontal propagation of the wavefronts approximately follows the direction of the magnetic field, which shows changes in the magnetic twist with height and horizontal position.
Conclusions. The spiral wavefronts are interpreted as the visual pattern of slow magnetoacoustic waves which propagate upward along magnetic field lines. Their apparent horizontal propagation is due to their sequential arrival to different horizontal positions at the formation height of the Fe I 5435 Å line, as given by the inclination and orientation of the magnetic field.
Sichtung bei Massenanfall von Verletzten/Erkrankten – wie und wer?
Authors: Sefrin Peter 
Published: November 2018

ZusammenfassungSeit 2002 wird für das Verfahren der Sichtung bei einem Massenanfall von Verletzten und Erkrankten versucht, einen Konsens zu finden. Dabei haben zwischenzeitlich 7 Konferenzen und mehrere Workshops stattgefunden. Nachdem keiner der bis dato existierenden Algorithmen geeignet erschien, wurde der Versuch unternommen, einen neuen Algorithmus zu kreieren, wobei der Schwerpunkt auf die Eignung auch zur nichtärztlichen Vorsichtung gelegt wurde. Konsens konnte zwischenzeitlich neben der Definition der Sichtungskategorien bei der frühzeitigen Identifizierung der roten Patienten und deren umgehenden Abtransport zur klinischen Versorgung gefunden werden. In einer wissenschaftlichen Analyse wurden 7 Konzepte auf Praktikabilität geprüft, wobei keine allgemein gültige Empfehlung resultierte und weitere Untersuchungen notwendig erschienen.
Ultrasonic Adaptive Sound Speed Estimation for the Diagnosis and Quantification of Hepatic Steatosis: A Pilot Study
Authors: Dioguardi Burgio Marco , Imbault Marion , Ronot Maxime , Faccinetto Alex , Van Beers Bernard E. , Rautou Pierre-Emmanuel , Castera Laurent , Gennisson Jean-Luc , Tanter Mickael , Vilgrain Valérie 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Purpose To evaluate the ability of a new ultrasound (US) method based on sound speed estimation (SSE) with respect to the detection, quantification, and grading of hepatic steatosis using magnetic resonance (MR) proton density fat fraction (PDFF) as the reference standard and to calculate one US fat index based on the patient’s SSE.
Materials and Methods This study received local IRB approval. Written informed consent was obtained from patients. We consecutively included N = 50 patients as the training cohort and a further N = 50 as the validation cohort who underwent both SSE and abdominal MR. Hepatic steatosis was classified according to MR-PDFF cutoffs as: S0 ≤ 6.5 %, S1 6.5 to 16.5 %, S2 16.5 to 22 %, S3 ≥ 22 %. Receiver operating curve analysis was performed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of SSE in the diagnosis of steatosis (S1–S3). Based on the optimal data fit derived from our study, we proposed a correspondence between the MR-PDFF and a US fat index. Coefficient of determination R2 was used to evaluate fit quality and was considered robust when R2 > 0.6.
Results The training and validation cohorts presented mean SSE values of 1.570 ± 0.026 and 1.568 ± 0.023 mm/µs for S0 and 1.521 ± 0.031 and 1.514 ± 0.019 mm/µs for S1–S3 (p < 0.01) patients, respectively. An SSE threshold of ≤ 1.537 mm/µs had a sensitivity of 80 % and a specificity of 85.7 % in the diagnosis of steatosis (S1-S3) in the training cohort. Robust correspondence between MR-PDFF and the US fat index was found both for the training (R2 = 0.73) and the validation cohort (R2 = 0.76).
Conclusion SSE can be used to detect, quantify and grade liver steatosis and to calculate a US fat index.
Prähospitale Analgesie beim verletzten Kind
Authors: Jost Christian , Schwarz Julian , Helm Matthias , Schroth Michael , Hossfeld Björn 
Published: November 2018

ZusammenfassungMit einem kindlichen Trauma wird der Notarzt eher selten konfrontiert, und so fehlt häufig die Routine in diesen Notfallszenarien, verbunden mit Unsicherheit im Umgang mit Kindern. Nicht selten unterbleibt dann eine suffiziente Analgesie, Anxiolyse oder Sedierung. Dieser Beitrag stellt ein adäquates Konzept zur sicheren und suffizienten Analgesie und Sedierung von Kindern vor.
Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses
Authors: Scheidt Sebastian , Vavken Patrick , Jacobs Cornelius , Koob Sebastian , Cucchi Davide , Kaup Eva , Wirtz Dieter Christian , Wimmer Matthias D. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe rising number of medical publications makes it difficult to keep up-to-date on scientific knowledge. In recent years, reviews in the form of narrative or systematic publications and meta-analyses have increased. These can only be interpreted and evaluated if the reader understands the techniques used. This review article describes the differences between narrative and systematic reviews, together with the characteristics of meta-analysis, and discusses their interpretation. The concept of systematic reviews and meta-analysis includes a systematic literature search and summary, together with an appraisal of the quality of the publications. Systematic reviews are often considered to be original studies due to their structure and ability to reduce bias.
Role of Musculoskeletal Radiology in Modern Sports Medicine
Authors: Walsh John , Farrell T.P. , Murray Aoife , Eustace Stephen , Hynes John 
Published: November 2018

AbstractMusculoskeletal radiology's role in the recent and continued evolution of sports medicine is an exciting and expanding one. In this article we explore a variety of the ways that musculoskeletal radiology contributes to current practices in modern sports medicine, discussing advances across a variety of imaging modalities in the care of both elite athletes and so-called weekend warriors. We describe the technical and ethical factors pertaining to image-guided therapeutic intervention in athletes and speculate on the potential for future developments in the role of imaging in deciding when an athlete may return to participation. We also explore the recent shift to the delivery of imaging facilities at sporting events and in stadiums.
Providing Value-Based Service to a Sprawling Orthopaedics Practice
Authors: Rozenberg Aleksandr , Vaccaro Alexander , Tomlinson Christopher , Zoga Adam 
Published: November 2018

AbstractHealth care in the United States is changing, and diagnostic radiology is attempting to adapt to the new norm. A view of the landscape shows mergers, acquisitions, and radiology practices becoming larger. Musculoskeletal (MSK) radiology is trending toward subspecialization, and orthopaedic surgery practices are demanding quality, convenience, and efficiency in imaging services. In other industries, optimization of operations and strategic deployment of resources are standard, but radiology is not quite there yet. This article details our opportunities in MSK imaging to increase market share through service, added value, and improved operational efficiency.
Pregnancy Outcomes of Exacerbated Chronic Hypertension Compared with Superimposed Preeclampsia
Authors: Becker David A. , Machemehl Hannah C. , Biggio Joseph R. , Siegel Anne M. , Tita Alan T. , Harper Lorie M. 
Published: November 2018

Objective Compare outcomes in women with chronic hypertension who remain normotensive, experience exacerbation, or meet laboratory criteria for superimposed preeclampsia.
Study Design This is a retrospective cohort study of singleton pregnancies with chronic hypertension from 2000 to 2014. Delivery admission records were used to categorize women into three groups: stable chronic hypertension, exacerbated hypertension, and superimposed preeclampsia. The primary outcomes were a neonatal composite of death, respiratory support, umbilical arterial pH < 7, 5-minute Apgar ≤3, and seizures, in addition to maternal severe hypertension requiring intravenous (IV) antihypertensives.
Results In total, 270 women (31.3%) had stable hypertension, 429 (49.8%) had exacerbated hypertension, and 163 (18.9%) had superimposed preeclampsia. Neonatal composite (10.7 vs. 11.2 vs. 21.5%; p < 0.01) and preterm birth <35 weeks (8.8 vs. 18.3 vs. 35.7%; p < 0.01) were highest in the superimposed preeclampsia group. Severe hypertension requiring the use of IV antihypertensives increased across groups (0 vs. 15.6 vs. 23.3% p < 0.01). With the exception of severe hypertension requiring IV antihypertensive use, outcomes in women with exacerbations were unchanged compared with those with stable hypertension.
Conclusion Superimposed preeclampsia is associated with an increased risk of adverse neonatal outcomes compared with stable chronic hypertension, whereas exacerbation of chronic hypertension is not.
Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Maternal Outcomes and the Disadvantage of Peripartum Black Women: A Multistate Analysis, 2007–2014
Authors: Tangel Virginia , White Robert S. , Nachamie Anna S. , Pick Jeremy S. 
Published: November 2018

Objective Racial and ethnic disparities in obstetric care and delivery outcomes have shown that black women experience high rates of pregnancy-related mortality and morbidity, along with high rates of cesarean delivery, compared with other racial and ethnic groups. We aimed to quantify these disparities and test the effects of race/ethnicity in stratified statistical models by insurance payer and socioeconomic status, adjusting for comorbidities specific to an obstetric population.
Study Design We analyzed maternal outcomes in a sample of 6,872,588 delivery records from California, Florida, Kentucky, Maryland, and New York from 2007 to 2014 from the State Inpatient Databases, Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project. We compared present-on-admission characteristics of parturients by race/ethnicity, and estimated logistic regression and generalized linear models to assess outcomes of in-hospital mortality, cesarean delivery, and length of stay.
Results Compared with white women, black women were more likely to die in-hospital (odds ratio [OR]: 1.90, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.47–2.45) and have a longer average length of stay (incidence rate ratio: 1.10, 95% CI: 1.09–1.10). Black women also were more likely to have a cesarean delivery (OR: 1.12, 95% CI 1.12–1.13) than white women. These results largely held in stratified analyses.
Conclusion In most insurance payers and socioeconomic strata, race/ethnicity alone is a factor that predicts parturient outcomes.
Cooled Radio Frequency Ablation for the Treatment of Osteoarthritis-Related Knee Pain: Evidence, Indications, and Outcomes
Authors: Oladeji Lasun , Cook James 
Published: November 2018

AbstractKnee osteoarthritis (OA) is a common condition associated with pain and physical impairment in a large segment of the population. The traditional treatment algorithm progresses from conservative modalities to nonsurgical options to surgical intervention. Surgical intervention often provides reliable pain relief but not all patients are surgical candidates and there are some patients who prefer not to have surgery. Cooled radio frequency ablation (C-RFA) is a treatment with the potential to provide pain relief for patients who no longer benefit from noninvasive modalities and who desire an alternative to surgery. The objective of this review article is to provide the rationale, available evidence, indications, and outcomes associated with C-RFA for the treatment of chronic knee OA. A total of eight reports that use C-RFA in the treatment of chronic knee pain were identified and analyzed. There were two prospective trials, one retrospective cohort study, and five case reports or case series. C-RFA is an emerging procedure with encouraging early results; however, additional long-term prospective clinical trials are necessary to further characterize how C-RFA can best be used to treat chronic knee pain.
The Treatment of Adult Osteochondritis Dissecans with Autologous Cartilage Implantation: A Systematic Review
Authors: Sacolick Davidson A. , Kirven James C. , Abouljoud Moneer M. , Everhart Joshua S. , Flanigan David C. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractWe sought to evaluate the effectiveness of autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI) for the treatment of adult osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) lesions according to patient-reported outcomes, complication rates, and failure rates. A search of MEDLINE, Scopus, and Cochrane Library was performed to identify clinical studies (levels I–IV) reporting outcomes after ACI treatment for OCD in adult knees. Our inclusion criteria included the following: (1) published between January 2000 and April 2017, (2) stable and unstable OCD lesions of the knee, (3) use of ACI in at least one group, (4) subjects ≥18 years old or skeletally mature, (5) inclusion of at least one patient-reported clinical outcome measure, and (6) written in English. A total of nine studies (179 patients), mean age of 27.6 years (range: 18–49 years), were included. There were 227 OCD lesions with an average size of 4.1 cm2 (range: 1.2–9.4 cm2). The average follow-up was 61.3 months (range: 6.5–120 months). In general, there was significant improvement in symptoms, but better results occurred among active male patients with smaller lesions as well as younger patients. Statistically significant improvement in patient-reported outcomes was reported in all studies. There were 23 complications reported (15.6%), including 12 failures (8.2%). Significant improvement in clinical outcome measures demonstrates clinical efficacy of autologous cartilage therapies for the treatment of OCD in adult patients. Better outcomes are often observed with males, active patients, smaller lesion sizes, and younger age at the time of surgery.
Acyl-CoA synthetase 6 enriches the neuroprotective omega-3 fatty acid DHA in the brain
Authors: Fernandez Regina F. , Kim Sora Q. , Zhao Yingwei , Foguth Rachel M. , Weera Marcus M. , Counihan Jessica L. , Nomura Daniel K. , Chester Julia A. , Cannon Jason R. , Ellis Jessica M. 
Published: November 2018

Significance
Neurodegenerative diseases are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among older adults, the fastest-growing segment of the US population. Neurodegenerative disease risk is reduced by high dietary intake of the omega-3 fatty acid, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), a highly abundant lipid in the brain. Yet the fundamental mechanisms regulating brain DHA enrichment remain unknown. Here, we have made a key discovery that Acyl-CoA synthetase 6 (Acsl6) is required to specifically enrich DHA in the brain. Of importance, mice lacking Acsl6 have impaired motor function and increased astrogliosis, demonstrating the critical need for Acsl6-mediated lipid metabolism in neurological health. This work provides critical insight into longstanding mysteries surrounding brain DHA metabolism and has broad-reaching health implications.
Priority areas at the frontiers of ecology and energy
Authors: Chou S. K. , Costanza Robert , Earis Philip , Hubacek Klaus , Li B. Larry , Lu Yonglong , Span Roland , Wang Hao , Wu Jianping , Wu Yegang , Yan Jerry J. 
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACT
The complexity of economic development and humanitarian crises means that energy science and technology should be involved in actions that address almost every major challenges of ecosystem health and sustainability. Energy is the engine of the world economy and the key to ecosystems’ functioning, which also has a great impact on global warming. The energy crisis, environmental pollution, overuse of natural resources, water supply shortages, global climate disruption, and deteriorating ecosystems are major challenges to address in order to achieve the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). In light of the frontiers in energy sciences and disruptive innovation in eco-tech, we recognize the need to review and establish working mechanisms that identify and examine issues that are critical to future sustainable development, to offer advice to decision-makers in different social sectors (public and private), to secure a shared future for mankind, and to achieve shared prosperity and common interests through international communications and collaborations.
Bilateral comparison of 1 Ω and 10 kΩ standards (ongoing BIPM key comparisons BIPM.EM-K13.a and 13.b) between the NSAI-NML (Ireland) and the BIPM
Authors: Rolland B , Stock M , Power O , Walsh R 
Published: November 2018

This report gives the result of a bilateral comparison of resistance between the NSAI-NML (Ireland) and the BIPM carried out in 2018. Two 1 Ω and two 10 kΩ travelling standards belonging to the BIPM were used. The comparison was carried out with an 'A-B-A' pattern of measurements; the standards were measured first at the BIPM for a period of about one month, then also for a period of about one month at the NSAI-NML, and finally again at the BIPM. The measurand was the 4 terminal dc resistance at low power. The BIPM was the pilot laboratory, and the comparison forms part of the ongoing BIPM key comparisons BIPM.EM-K13.a (for 1 Ω) and BIPM.EM-K13.b (for 10 kΩ).
The results from the NSAI-NML and the BIPM were found to be in good agreement, with a difference smaller than the relative expanded uncertainty (95 % confidence, k = 2) of 0.17 × 10-6 for 1 Ω and 0.43 × 10-6 for 10 kΩ.
KEY WORDS FOR SEARCH
Resistance; ohm; NSAI-NML; Ireland; BIPM; CIPM MRA; comparison; K13; electricity

Main text

To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database kcdb.bipm.org/.
The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCEM, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
Developments of Thermochromic VO2–Based Thin Films For Architectural Glazing
Authors: Muslim Noormariah , Soon Ying Woan , Lim Chee Ming , Voo Nyuk Yoong 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Investigation on properties of vanadium dioxide (VO2) thin films has received significant attention as it is a thermochromic material potentially for applications on architectural glazing in order to reduce energy consumption from usage of air-conditioning system. Most studies have focused on the hysteresis behavior of thermochromic VO2 thin films that occurs at a certain phase transition temperature. Although large area coating techniques have recently been developed, there are still many obstacles in trying to deploy energy-efficient windows. Hence, this work concisely reviews on VO2 thin films as thermochromic materials, and developments on preparation methodologies in order to enhance the thermochromic characteristics of VO2 thin films.