bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Regular follow-up after curative resection of nonsmall cell lung cancer: a real benefit for patients?
Authors: Egermann U. , Jaeggi K. , Habicht J.M. , Perruchoud A.P. , Dalquen P. , Solèr M. 
Published: July 2002

Even though complete resection is regarded as the only curative treatment for nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC), >50% of resected patients die from a recurrence or a second primary tumour of the lung within 5 yrs. It remains unclear, whether follow-up in these patients is cost-effective and whether it can improve the outcome due to early detection of recurrent tumour.The benefit of regular follow-up in a consecutive series of 563 patients, who had undergone potentially curative resection for NSCLC at the University Hospital, was analysed. The follow-up consisted of clinical visits and chest radiography according to a standard protocol for up to 10 yrs. Survival rates were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier analysis method and the cost-effectiveness of the follow-up programme was assessed.A total of 23 patients (6.4% of the group with lobectomy) underwent further operation with curative intent for a second pulmonary malignancy. The regular follow-up over a 10-yr period provided the chance for a second curative treatment to 3.8% of all patients.The calculated costs per life-yr gained were 90,000 Swiss Francs. The cost-effectiveness of the follow-up protocol was far above those of comparable large-scale surveillance programmes. Based on these data, the intensity and duration of the follow-up was reduced.
A novel clinical test of respiratory muscle endurance
Authors: Hart N. , Hawkins P. , Hamnegård C-H. , Green M. , Moxham J. , Polkey M.I. 
Published: July 2002

Impaired respiratory muscle endurance (RME) could reduce exercise tolerance and contribute to ventilatory failure. The aim of the present study was to develop a clinically-feasible method to measure RME using negative-pressure inspiratory-threshold loading. It was hypothesized that endurance time (tlim) could be predicted by normalizing oesophageal pressure-time product (PTP) per total breath cycle (PTPoes) for maximum oesophageal pressure (Poes,max); the load/capacity ratio. The corresponding mouth pressures, PTPmouthandPmouth,maxwere also measured.The RME test was performed on 30 healthy subjects exposed to the same target pressure (70% ofPoes,max). Eight patients with systemic sclerosis/interstitial lung disease were studied to assess the validity and acceptability of the technique.Normal subjects showed a wide intersubject variation intlim(coefficient of variation, 69%), with a linear relationship demonstrated between logtlimand PTPoes/Poes,max(r=0.88). All patients with systemic sclerosis/interstitial lung disease had normal respiratory muscle strength, but six out of eight had a reduction in RME.In conclusion, endurance time can be predicted from the load/capacity ratio, over a range of breathing strategies; this relationship allows abnormal respiratory muscle endurance to be detected in patients. Oesophageal and mouth pressure showed a close correlation, thus suggesting that the test could be applied noninvasively.
Effects of inducible nitric oxide synthase and xanthine oxidase inhibitors on SEB-induced interstitial pneumonia in mice
Authors: Miyakawa H. , Sato K. , Shinbori T. , Okamoto T. , Gushima Y. , Fujiki M. , Suga M. 
Published: July 2002

The authors have previously reported that intratracheal instillation of staphylococcal enterotoxin‐B (SEB) induced interstitial pneumonia (IP) in autoimmune-prone mice. SEB-reactive T‐cells were critically involved in the development of IP in this model. Concern has arisen about the hazards of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) in the process of lung injury and fibrosis.Therefore, the involvement of nitric oxide (NO) and superoxide anion (O2−) in the pathogenesis of IP in this autoimmune-prone model has been investigated.Nitrite/nitrate levels were increased in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid and serum from SEB-injected mice. The signal of the NO-(N‐(dithiocarboxy) sarcosine)2-Fe2+complex was detected in the SEB-injected lung and whole blood by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. NO production was significantly decreased by aminoguanidine (AG) treatment. Xanthine oxidase (XO) activity in the lung, BAL fluid, and plasma was increased with instillation of SEB, and 4‐amino‐6‐hydroxypyrazolo(3,4‐d)‐pyrimidine (AHPP) significantly inhibited XO activity. Moreover, both AG and AHPP significantly decreased production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, numbers of infiltrated cells in BAL fluid, and the area of thickened alveolar septa in the SEB-injected lung.In conclusion, the overproduction of nitric oxide and super oxide anion were implicated in the pathogenesis of interstitial pneumonia, and inducible nitric oxide synthase and xanthine oxidase inhibitors had protective effects against interstitial pneumonia in this model.
Is waking electroencephalographic activity a predictor of daytime sleepiness in sleep-related breathing disorders?
Authors: Sforza E. , Grandin S. , Jouny C. , Rochat T. , Ibanez V. 
Published: July 2002

No data are available in the literature assessing the potential use of waking electroencephalographic (EEG) activity in the detection of excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) in patients with sleep-related breathing disorders (SRBD). The aim of this study was to evaluate whether waking EEG spectral power reflects the level of EDS in SRBD patients.The study was performed in 48 patients in whom quantitative EEG analysis, including the alpha attenuation coefficient (AAC), was performed. Sleepiness was assessed by the Epworth Sleepiness Scale, the Stanford Sleepiness Scale, the Visual Analogue Scale and the maintenance of wakefulness test.Although AAC and EEG spectral power tended to vary throughout the day, none of these variations correlated with EDS measures. Waking EEG measures were not different between snorers and apnoeic patients. Compared to nonsleepy patients, sleepy patients had greater theta and slow alpha powers, but the differences did not reach statistical significance. The EEG slowing was independent of hypoxaemia, severity of SRBD, or degree of sleep disruption.The authors conclude that waking electroencephalographic measures are not sensitive enough to predict variation in alertness or to differentiate sleepy from nonsleepy sleep-related breathing disorders patients. The degree of electrocephalographic slowing was related neither to sleep disruption nor to severity of sleep-related breathing disorders.
Prostaglandin D2inhibits fibroblast migration
Authors: Kohyama T. , Liu X.D. , Wen F.Q. , Kim H.J. , Takizawa H. , Rennard S.I. 
Published: July 2002

Fibroblasts play an important role in the repair and remodelling processes following injury. Prostaglandin D2(PGD2) is a potent mediator in inflammatory processes.In this study, the effect of the PGD2on human foetal lung fibroblasts (HFL‐1) chemotaxis induced by human plasma fibronectin (HFn) was investigated using the blindwell chamber technique.PGD2inhibited HFL‐1 chemotaxis to HFn (20 µg·mL−1) by 20.8±3.8% (p<0.05). Checkerboard analysis of HFn-directed migration confirmed that PGD2inhibited both chemotaxis and chemokinesis. The effect of PGD2was concentration-dependent and the inhibitory effect diminished with time. The PGD2receptor (DP) agonist BW245C (500 nM) had a similar effect, inhibiting chemotaxis to 39.4±6.3%. The inhibitory effects of both PGD2and BW245C on HFL‐1 chemotaxis were blocked by the DP receptor antagonist AH6809 (2 µM). The inhibitory effect of PGD2on fibroblast chemotaxis was also blocked by the cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)‐dependent protein kinase (PKA) inhibitor, KT5720, suggesting a DP receptor-initiated, cAMP‐dependent effect mediated by PKA.Prostaglandin D2appears to inhibit fibroblast chemotaxis, perhaps by modulating the rate of fibroblast migration. Such an effect may contribute to regulation of the wound healing response following injury in asthma patients.
The role of thrombophilic risk factors in the severity of pulmonary thromboembolism
Authors: Oguzulgen I.K. , Ekim N.N. , Akar N. , Demirel K. , Kitapci M. 
Published: July 2002

High plasma factor-VIIIc concentration, presence of factor‐V 1691 G‐A (FVL) and prothrombin20210A(PT20210A) mutations were shown to be significant risk factors for venous thromboembolism (VTE) and recurrent VTE. The objective of this study was to investigate the role of these thrombotic risk factors in the severity of pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE).The plasma concentrations of factor VIIIc, presence of FVL and PT20210Amutations were studied in 32 patients with PTE. Eleven of the patients had documented recurrent VTE. Lung perfusion scans were scored according to the percentage of vascular obstruction. Patients who had a pulmonary vascular obstruction score (PVOs) >50% were compared to those with PVOs<50%.There was no significant difference between the patients with PVOs >50% and those with PVOs <50%, with regard to the presence of FVL and PT20210Amutation. However, patients with PVOs >50% had a significantly higher factor-VIIIc concentration than those with PVOs <50% (factor-VIIIc levels were 253.3±29.1 International Units (IU)·dL−1and 138.5±16.2 IU·dL−1, respectively; p<0.005). Factor-VIIIc concentrations were significantly correlated with PVOs (r=0.52, p<0.005). Patients with recurrent VTE had significantly higher factor-VIIIc concentrations than those in which it occurred for the first time (factor-VIIIc concentrations were 232.6±30.9 IU·dL−1and 158.3±20.6 IU·dL−1, respectively; p<0.05).The authors conclude that in addition to being a risk factor for venous thromboembolism, high factor-VIIIc concentration is an important factor in the severity of pulmonary thromboembolism.
Isocyanates, Organic
Authors: Richter Frank , Karafilidis Christos , Darmandeh Heidar 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe article contains sections titled:1Introduction2Physical Properties3Chemical Properties3.1Reaction with Nucleophiles3.2Cycloaddition Reactions4Production4.1Phosgenation of Free Amines4.2Other Phosgenation Procedures4.2.1Phosgenation of Amine Hydrochlorides4.2.2Phosgenation of Carbamate Salts4.2.3Phosgenation in the Gas Phase4.2.4Phosgenation of Ureas4.3Non‐phosgene Processes5Environmental Protection6Quality Specifications and Analysis7Storage and Transportation8Uses9Economic Aspects10Toxicology and Occupational HealthReferences
Adaptive Bounded Bilinear Control of a Parallel‐Flow Heat Exchanger
Authors: Mechhoud Sarah , Belkhatir Zehor 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThis work investigates the adaptive constrained control design for a parallel‐flow heat exchanger represented by a system of two coupled linear first‐order hyperbolic partial differential equations (PDEs). This system incorporates structured uncertainty involving unknown in‐domain parameters that characterize neglected dynamics in the heat exchanger model. These parameters may encompass unmodeled heat transfer phenomena, variations in fluid properties, and modeling simplifications. The objective is to regulate the internal fluid outlet temperature to track a desired reference trajectory by adjusting the external fluid velocity. Due to inherent physical constraints, this manipulated variable is upper and lower‐bounded. Accordingly, the control problem is bounded and bilinear. Using the set‐invariance principle and an energy‐like framework, we first develop a bounded state‐feedback controller. Then, since the measurements are considered only at the boundaries, we propose an adaptive boundary observer using a swapping scheme and a recursive least squares identifier. The proposed adaptive observer provides online estimates of the distributed state and the unknown parameters. Next, the state‐feedback controller is associated with the boundary observer and parameter identifier, and the exponential stability of the closed‐loop system is guaranteed using Lyapunov's stability theory. Finally, we provide numerical simulations to demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed control scheme.
Command Filter‐Based Prescribed Performance Adaptive Control for Fractional Order Non‐Strict System With Unmodeled Dynamics and Input Delay
Authors: Zhu Xinfeng , Du Shaofeng , Song Jian 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThis article focuses on adaptive control of a class of non‐strict feedback nonlinear fractional order systems with input delay and unmodeled dynamics under prescribed performance constraints. Command filtering backstepping design method is employed to avoid explosion of computation. Additionally, an error compensation mechanism is established to mitigate any errors introduced by the command filter. Radial basis function neural network is utilized to approximate the nonlinear function. Auxiliary signal processing variables are introduced to handle unmodeled dynamics. To address the input delay problem, a Pade approximation technique is employed. The stability analysis of the controller is conducted using Lyapunov stability theory, ensuring that the tracking error converges within a narrow predefined performance range. Finally, simulation results are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed controller.
Inflammatory Microenvironment‐Responsive Nanomotors with NIR Photothermal Effect for Deep Inflammation Elimination and Infection Inhibition
Authors: Wang Wentao , Gao Yumeng , Lin Yan , Qian Yuxin , Shen Jian , Zhou Ninglin , Tang Ben Zhong , Zhang Ming 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe infected chronic wound area has a unique microenvironment featuring hypoxia, excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS), and inflammatory conditions. Bacteria‐formed biofilms limit the anti‐inflammation efficiency of most therapeutics by hindering their penetration into deep infected wound tissues and increasing drug resistance. The unitary modulation of pro‐inflammatory M1 macrophage polarization cannot relieve inflammation immediately. Here, the “all in one” folic acid‐modified small organic molecule‐based nanoparticles (2TT‐mC6B@CeO2@FA, PCFs) are developed, which possess dual‐targeting to bacteria and M1 macrophages, double modulation to M1 macrophages, photothermal therapy (PTT), and enzymatic‐like activities. Based on the considerable catalase‐ and superoxide dismutase‐like activities, PCFs can efficiently scavenge ROS and produce oxygen (O2). The generated O2 can automatically drive PCFs movement as nanomotors to further promote deep penetration and rescue hypoxia. The scavenging of ROS promotes M1 macrophages polarized into anti‐inflammatory M2 macrophages. The study also identifies that FA‐modified PCFs can target bacteria and M1 macrophages to selectively eliminate M1 macrophages and bacteria through PTT, which relieves inflammation and chronic wound healing. Transcriptome analysis confirms that PCFs inhibit the expression of inflammatory‐related genes while increasing the expression of anti‐inflammatory cytokines. In vivo experiments identify that PCFs benefit neovascularization in neonatal tissues and tissue generation at wound sites.
Zeolitic Imidazolate Frameworks Derived Magnetic Nanocage/MXene/Nanocellulose Bilayer Aerogels for Low Reflection Electromagnetic Interference Shielding and Light‐to‐Heat Conversion
Authors: Mai Tian , Chen Lei , Liu Qi , Guo Zhong‐Hui , Ma Ming‐Guo 
Published: November 2024

AbstractTo cope with the increasingly serious electromagnetic pollution, the demand for electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials with low electromagnetic wave reflection ability has become urgent. Controlling electrical components, magnetic components, and designing the EMI material structure can effectively improve electromagnetic shielding performance, but this remains a significant challenge. Besides, extreme cold weather conditions also do considerable potential damage to the normal work of outdoor electronic equipment. Integrated light‐to‐heat conversion capability on electromagnetic shielding materials can further improve the stability and reliability of the equipment. Herein, the novel bilayer aerogels composed of zeolitic imidazolate frameworks derived hollow CoNi carbon nanocage/MXene Ti3C2Tx/nanocellulose (BZMN) are prepared by a two‐step freezing method. BZMN aerogels exhibit good EMI shielding effectiveness (SE) with low reflection coefficient (R coefficients): 35.1 dB (R coefficient = 0.28) and 21.2 dB (R coefficient = 0.25). The unique structures of bilayer aerogels demonstrate the ability to absorb more electromagnetic waves through interfacial polarization and multiple scattering. The green shielding index (gs) of BZMN aerogels can reach 2.88. Moreover, BZMN aerogels show remarkable and unique light‐to‐heat conversion performance on different surfaces. Under 2.0 sun intensity, temperatures can reach 109.3 °C in the upper layer and 102.3 °C in the lower layer. Under 0.8 W cm−2 near‐infrared (NIR) laser intensity, the temperatures can rise to 234.1 °C in the upper layer and 167.4 °C in the lower layer. In addition, the size and shape of BZMN aerogels can be customized according to the mold. These features present BZMN aerogels as advanced potential low reflection EMI shielding device candidates, useful for future telecommunication and electronic equipment protection.
High‐Performance Solution Processable Single‐Emitting‐Layer White Circularly Polarized Electroluminescence
Authors: Fan Peng , Hua Lei , Lai Xiaoyi , Ni Hua‐Xiu , Zhu Weiguo , Zheng You‐Xuan , Wang Yafei 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAchieving efficient circularly polarized white organic light‐emitting diode (CP‐WOLED) remains a significant challenge. In this study, a proof‐of‐concept for realizing CP‐WOLED is proposed using an electroplex emission strategy between a chiral thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitter and hole‐transporting material. A series of chiral polymers (R/S)‐E‐x (x = 0.02, 0.05, and 0.1) are designed and prepared via random copolymerization of a chiral chromophore and styrene moiety, which shows typical TADF character. The neat film of (R/S)‐E‐0.1 presents distinct chiroptical properties with a dissymmetry factor (|glum|) of 2.8 × 10−3. Notably, solution‐processable, single‐emitting‐layer CP‐WOLEDs are fabricated using these chiral polymers in combination with 1,1‐bis[(di‐4‐tolylamino)phenyl]cyclohexane (TAPC) as the emitter, achieving a record maximum external quantum efficiency of 15.1% and Commission Internationale de lʹeclairage coordinate of (0.36, 0.40). Importantly, these CP‐WOLEDs exhibit an impressive |gEL| value of 2.4 × 10−3. This research provides a straightforward and effective strategy for the realization of high‐performance CP‐WOLED.
Atomic Scale Cooperativity of Alloy Nanostructures for Efficient Nitrate Electroreduction to Ammonia in Neutral Media
Authors: Xiong Yuecheng , Sun Mingzi , Wang Shiyu , Wang Yunhao , Zhou Jingwen , Hao Fengkun , Liu Fu , Yan Yan , Meng Xiang , Guo Liang , Liu Yuqian , Chu Shengqi , Zhang Qinghua , Huang Bolong , Fan Zhanxi 
Published: November 2024

AbstractElectrochemical nitrate reduction reaction (NO3RR) offers a route to balanced nitrogen cycle and sustainable ammonia production. However, unsatisfied performance in neutral media arising from competitive hydrogen evolution reaction and inefficient hydrogenation impede the further applications of NO3RR. Herein, the rational design of RuNi alloy nanostructures is reported. Benefited from the synergism effect between Ru and Ni, Ru20Ni80 alloy exhibits a high NH3 Faradaic efficiency of 98.02% at −0.35 V (vs reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE)) and a large NH3 yield rate of 27.88 mg mgcat−1 h−1 at −0.65 V (vs RHE). Importantly, the atomic scale cooperation between Ru and Ni active sites endows RuNi alloy a close‐to‐unity NH3 selectivity via HNO* pathway. Theoretical calculations have revealed that the interactions between Ru and Ni optimize the electronic structures of Ru20Ni80 alloy, where Ru sites with enhanced electroactivity improve the generation of active hydrogens and more electron‐rich Ni sites facilitate the reduction of nitrate. Accordingly, the adsorption strengths of key intermediates become stronger and the energy barriers of NO3RR are reduced to guarantee efficient NO3RR. Furthermore, a flow‐type reactor coupled with coprecipitation is established to achieve continuous NH3 generation and recovery as struvite.
A Lightweight Ultra‐Wideband Metasurface Microwave Absorber
Authors: Dong Fu‐Yan , Niu Chuanning , Zhang Mengmeng , Wang An , Duan Kun , Zhao Junming , Zhu Weiren , Hou Zhongyu 
Published: November 2024

AbstractWideband microwave absorbers hold significant importance in both civilian and military fields. In this paper, a lightweight ultra‐wideband metasurface microwave absorber that covers a frequency range from the ultrahigh‐frequency band to Ku band is presented. The absorber consists of three layers of periodically arranged fourfold rotationally symmetric indium tin oxide (ITO) patterned structures and a reflective surface at the bottom layer separated by polymethacrylimide (PMI) spacers. Such a design enables the absorber to achieve a lightweight construction. The experimental results demonstrate that the absorber exhibits an absorptivity >90% in the 1.3–13.3 GHz band, with a corresponding fractional bandwidth of up to 164.4%. Additionally, the designed absorber features a remarkably lightweight performance with volume density relative to wavelength (VDRW) of just 6.71 mg cm−3. Furthermore, attributed to its fourfold rotationally symmetric design, the absorber also exhibits polarization insensitivity and excellent angular stability. These unique properties render the proposed wideband absorber highly suitable for a variety of practical applications after reasonable adjustment and optimization.
Surface Phonons and Possible Structural Phase Transition in a Topological Semimetal PbTaSe2
Authors: Kumar Vivek , Kumar Pradeep 
Published: November 2024

AbstractTopological insulators are characterized by protected gapless surface or edge states but insulating bulk states which is due to the presence of spin‐orbit interactions and time‐reversal symmetry. Here, an in‐depth investigation of a topological nodal line semimetal PbTaSe2 via temperature, polarization dependent Raman spectroscopy, and temperature dependent single crystal X‐ray diffraction (SC‐XRD) measurements is reported. The analysis shows signature of electron‐phonon coupling as reflected in the Fano asymmetry in line shape of M1‐M4 modes and anomalous temperature variation of line‐width of P3‐P4 modes. Further polarization dependent phonon symmetry changes at different temperature (6K and 300K), discontinuities in bulk phonon dynamics for P2‐P5 modes, and disappearance of phonon modes, i.e., M1‐M5, on decreasing temperature indicates toward a thermally induced structural phase transition which is also supported by the SC‐XRD results. Hence based on the findings, it is proposed that M1‐M4 modes are surface phonon modes, the material undergoes a thermally induced structural phase transition from α to β phase at Tα→β ≈ 150 K or is in close proximity to the β phase and another transition below TCDW+β ≈ 100K which is possibly due to the interplay of remanent completely commensurate charge density wave (CCDW) of 1H‐TaSe2 and β phase.
Reaction of a Nitrosyl Complex of Co(II)‐Porphyrin with Hydrogen Peroxide: Formation of a Porphyrin Radical Cation
Authors: Samanta Bapan , Saha Shankhadeep , Ghosh Riya , Maity Sayani , Mondal Biplab 
Published: November 2024

AbstractA nitrosyl complex of Co(II)‐porphyrinate, [CoII(TTMPP2−)(NO)], 1 [TTMPPH2=5,10,15,20‐tetrakis(3,4,5‐trimethoxyphenyl)porphyrin] having {Co(NO)}8 configuration has been synthesized and characterized spectroscopically as well as structurally. Complex 1 in dichloromethane:acetonitrile (1 : 4, v/v) solution at −40 °C reacts with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) to result in the corresponding nitrite (NO2−) complex, [CoIII(TTMPP2−)(NO2−)], 2. The formation of a Co(III)‐peroxynitrite intermediate is presumed in this reaction based on the characteristic phenol ring nitration test. From spectroscopic studies, formation of [CoIV=O] species followed by a Co(III)‐porphyrin radical complex was observed during the course of the reaction.