bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Melatonin Attenuates Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Acute Pancreatitis
Authors: Zhao Qian , Tang Xinyue , Huang Junhua , Li Jiajia , Chen Qinfen , Sun Yangjie , Wu Jiansheng 
Published: June 2018

Objectives
The objective of this study is to explore the effect of melatonin on endoplasmic reticulum stress in acute pancreatitis (AP) and the molecular mechanism.

Methods
Acute pancreatitis was induced in vivo in Sprague-Dawley rats by the retrograde injection of 5% taurocholate into the biliopancreatic duct and in vitro by treating AR42J cells with cerulein (10 nmol/L) plus lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (10 mg/L). The rats and cells were treated with melatonin (50 mg/kg in rats and 0.5, 1, and 2 mmol/L in AR42J cells) 30 minutes before AP was induced. After 9 hours, the cells and rat pancreas tissue were collected for Western blot, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, histological examination, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence analysis.

Results
Inositol-requiring 1α (IRE1α)–mediated Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)/nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) pathway were activated early in AR42J cells and rat AP models. Melatonin significantly inhibited the expression of proinflammatory cytokines. Western blot and immunohistochemical results all indicated that melatonin regulated apoptosis-related protein expression. In addition, melatonin treatment resulted in significantly reduced pancreatic tissue injury, as revealed by histological changes and pathological scores. Furthermore, melatonin treatment significantly reduced the activation of IRE1α-mediated JNK/NF-κB pathway-related proteins.

Conclusions
These findings suggest that melatonin protects AR42J cells and Sprague-Dawley rats against AP-associated injury, probably through downregulation of IRE1α-mediated JNK/NF-κB pathways.
Muscle pain syndromes and fibromyalgia: the role of muscle biopsy
Authors: Ruggiero Lucia , Manganelli Fiore , Santoro Lucio 
Published: June 2018

Purpose of review
Muscle pain syndromes are extremely frequent cause of chronic disability, and a muscle biopsy is often performed to achieve a diagnosis when myalgia has a myopatic origin. Instead, the role of muscle biopsy in fibromyalgia is controversial. This review examines the reported studies with the objective to evaluate if some changes exist in the muscle, if these changes produce pain and if muscle biopsy is helpful in diagnostic flowchart of fibromyalgia.

Recent findings
Recent studies focused on functional side (muscle metabolism and the altered expression of proteins) hypothesize the role of peripheral factors in the maintenance of chronic pain. The results of some studies show the increased concentration of the end products of anaerobic glycolysis and a damage in oxidative metabolism caused by localized hypoxia. In addition, it is present as an insufficient capacity of promoting muscle recovery with inflammation and in metabolic pathway alterations. Unfortunately, these changes are nonspecific and the importance of peripheral factors remains under debate.

Summary
Morphological and metabolic changes exist in muscle of patients with fibromyalgia but they are not specific and are not sufficient for a definite diagnosis. Nevertheless, the results obtained so far indicate a role of peripheral factors for maintaining the intensity of pain. Therefore, it is desirable to have a better understanding of peripheral muscle alteration that could open up for new therapeutic strategies.
GABARAP Like-1 enrichment on membranes: Direct observation of trans-homo-oligomerization between membranes and curvature-dependent partitioning into membrane tubules
Authors: Motta Isabelle , Nguyen Nathan , Gardavot Helene , Richerson Diana , Pincet Frederic , Melia Thomas J. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe Atg8/LC3/GABARAP protein family has been implicated in membrane remodeling events on the growing autophagosome. In particular, each of these proteins can form a protein-lipid conjugate that has been shown in vitro to drive liposome aggregation and in some cases membrane fusion. Furthermore, yeast Atg8 has been described as a curvature sensing protein, through its natural capacity to concentrate on highly curved membranes. A key advance with yeast Atg8, was the introduction of Giant Unilamellar Vesicles (GUVs) as an in vitro support that could allow membrane deformation and tethering to be observed by simple microscopy. Further, micromanipulation of an individual GUV could be used to create local areas of curvature to follow Atg8 partitioning. Here, we use a recently developed method to decorate GUVs with the mammalian Atg8 protein GABARAPL1 and establish the generality of the observations made on yeast Atg8. Then we apply double micromanipulation, the capture and positioning of two independently prepared GUVs, to test elements of the mechanism, speed and reversibility of mammalian Atg8 protein-mediated tethering. We find that the membranes adhere through GABARAPL1/GABARAPL1 homotypic trans-interactions. On a single membrane with two regions with significantly different curvatures we observed that the regions of higher curvature can be enriched up to 10 times in GABARAPL1 compared to the planar regions. This approach has the potential to allow the formation and study of specific topographically-controlled interfaces involving Atg8-proteins and their targets on apposing membranes.
Predicting perturbation patterns from the topology of biological networks
Authors: Santolini Marc , Barabási Albert-László 
Published: June 2018

AbstractHigh-throughput technologies, offering unprecedented wealth of quantitative data underlying the makeup of living systems, are changing biology. Notably, the systematic mapping of the relationships between biochemical entities has fueled the rapid development of network biology, offering a suitable framework to describe disease phenotypes and predict potential drug targets. Yet, our ability to develop accurate dynamical models remains limited, due in part to the limited knowledge of the kinetic parameters underlying these interactions. Here, we explore the degree to which we can make reasonably accurate predictions in the absence of the kinetic parameters. We find that simple dynamically agnostic models are sufficient to recover the strength and sign of the biochemical perturbation patterns observed in 87 biological models for which the underlying kinetics is known. Surprisingly, a simple distance-based model achieves 65% accuracy. We show that this predictive power is robust to topological and kinetic parameters perturbations, and we identify key network properties that can increase up to 80% the recovery rate of the true perturbation patterns. We validate our approach using experimental data on the chemotactic pathway in bacteria, finding that a network model of perturbation spreading predicts with ~80% accuracy the directionality of gene expression and phenotype changes in knock-out and overproduction experiments. These findings show that the steady advances in mapping out the topology of biochemical interaction networks opens avenues for accurate perturbation spread modeling, with direct implications for medicine and drug development.Significance statementThe development of high-throughput technologies has allowed to map a significant proportion of interactions between biochemical entities in the cell. However, it is unclear how much information is lost given the lack of measurements on the kinetic parameters governing the dynamics of these interactions. Using biochemical networks with experimentally measured kinetic parameters, we show that a knowledge of the network topology offers 65% to 80% accuracy in predicting the impact of perturbation patterns. In other words, we can use the increasingly accurate topological models to approximate perturbation patterns, bypassing expensive kinetic constant measurement. These results could open new avenues in modeling drug action, and in identifying drug targets relying on the human interactome only.
Research on the Influence of Furnace Structure on Copper Cooling Stave Life
Authors: Li Feng-guang , Zhang Jian-liang 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
In this paper, a blast furnace gas flow distribution model with variable furnace structure was founded based on CFD (computational fluid dynamics) theory, and the gas velocity distribution near the surface of the copper staves in different areas of the BF is calculated under different conditions of variational structure parameters like Bosh angle, shaft angle, and the newly proposed “equivalent Bosh angle.” Based on the calculation, the influence rule of the BF structure on the service life of copper stave and the corresponding operation measures were obtained. The result shows that the increase of the Bosh angle and the decrease of the shaft angle will incur increasing of the gas flow velocity near the surface of the copper staves, which is harmful to the cooling stave life; the variation of the equivalent Bosh angle has a most significant influence on the cooling stave life, and the increase of the equivalent Bosh angle will cause a sharp increase of the gas flow velocity, which will damage the copper staves seriously; adopting long tuyeres and minishing the equivalent Bosh angle will reduce the washing action of the gas flow and ensure the stability of slag hanging to achieve a long service life of copper staves.
Effects of Inner Defects on Creep Damage and Crack Initiation for a Brazed Joint
Authors: Luo Yun , Wang Chuanlong , Jiang Wenchun , Wan Yu , Zhang Weiya , Wang Yu 
Published: June 2018

AbstractIn the brazing process, some brazing defects like semicircular or straight type are generated due to incomplete filling. In this paper, the creep damage and creep crack initiation (CCI) time of Hastelloy C276-BNi2 brazed joint with defects are investigated by a ductility exhaustion damage model. The effects of defect dimension and filler metal thickness are also discussed. The results show that the different defects have different creep damage distributions and CCI times. The maximum creep damage is located at the defect frontier due to the larger stress concentration. With the increase of semicircular defect radius and straight defect length, the CCI time decreases. The creep fracture is inclined to generate in semicircular defect for the smaller defect area ratio, while it is easy to generate in straight defect for the bigger defect area ratio. As the filler metal thickness increases, the CCI time increases. For the thicker filler metal, the creep crack is easy to initiate in semicircular defect.
Neural Machine Translation for Indian Languages
Authors: Pathak Amarnath , Pakray Partha 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Machine Translation bridges communication barriers and eases interaction among people having different linguistic backgrounds. Machine Translation mechanisms exploit a range of techniques and linguistic resources for translation prediction. Neural machine translation (NMT), in particular, seeks optimality in translation through training of neural network, using a parallel corpus having a considerable number of instances in the form of a parallel running source and target sentences. Easy availability of parallel corpora for major Indian language forms and the ability of NMT systems to better analyze context and produce fluent translation make NMT a prominent choice for the translation of Indian languages. We have trained, tested, and analyzed NMT systems for English to Tamil, English to Hindi, and English to Punjabi translations. Predicted translations have been evaluated using Bilingual Evaluation Understudy and by human evaluators to assess the quality of translation in terms of its adequacy, fluency, and correspondence with human-predicted translation.
Stretch Could Reduce Hamstring Injury Risk During Sprinting by Right Shifting the Length-Torque Curve
Authors: Ruan Mianfang , Li Li , Chen Chen , Wu Xie 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Ruan, M, Li, L, Chen, C, and Wu, X. Stretch could reduce hamstring injury risk during sprinting by right shifting the length-torque curve. J Strength Cond Res 32(8): 2190–2198, 2018—It was hypothesized that static stretch would shift the length-torque curve to the right, which may reduce the risk of muscle strain injuries. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the acute effects of static stretching of hamstring (SSH) on the risk of hamstring injury during sprinting indicated by the shift of the length–torque relationship. Twelve female college athletes (age: 20.8 ± 0.7 years; height: 1.61 ± 0.05 m; body mass: 54.25 ± 4.22 kg) participated in this study. Subjects performed overground sprinting under 2 conditions: after warm-up with 4 × 30 seconds SSH or after warm-up without SSH. Three-dimensional kinematic and kinetic data and electromyography of biceps femoris long head (BFlh), rectus femoris, and vastus medialis were collected during testing. The maximum length of BFlh during late swing phase increased after SSH with large effect size and close to statistically significant (p = 0.05, d = 1.22), but the knee flexion torque at the peak length did not change significantly. Static stretching of hamstring significantly reduced peak values of both horizontal (d = 1.46) and vertical (d = 1.79) ground reaction forces, and BFlh's activation level during the preactivation (late swing) phase (p = 0.05, d = 2.16). The results indicated that the length of BFlh–knee torque relationship and the length of BFlh–hip torque relationships during the late swing phase and initial stance phase were shifted to the right after SSH, which may reduce risk of hamstring strain injuries. We suggest that preactivity static stretching should not be simply removed and participators should give priority to stretch muscles that are vulnerable to strain injuries.
The Role Of Urban Density And Morphology In The Air Pollution Of Tehran Metropolitan
Authors: OSHRIEH ROUHOLLAH , VALIPOUR EHSAN 
Published: June 2018

Today, regard for the wellbeing of the group and the earth is on the plan of most nations on the planet, and one of its imperative viewpoints is the contamination of the air and figuring out how to diminish it. Without a doubt, a standout amongst the most vital ranges that assume an unequivocal part in decreasing or expanding this parameter is the city and urban morphology. Tehran, which is viewed as the capital and vital city of Iran, has experienced this issue for a long time, and there are no legitimate arrangement found to decrease its air contamination. Then again, the city has movement from different parts of the nation consistently that makes this issue harsher. The most vital issue in such manner is the city's range, and in addition, the city's extension, which decides the thickness of the city. The failure of the vast majority to purchase houses inside the city has made satellite towns nearby Tehran. Then again, the presence of tremendous local locations around Tehran and the area of workplaces in the downtown area are among alternate issues tended to in this investigation. This examination endeavoured to utilize the explanatory expressive technique to think about the part of pressure and morphology of Tehran and its effect on the air contamination and give answers for diminishing air contamination and movement.
Analisis Kinerja Protokol Routing AOMDV pada VANET dengan Serangan Rushing
Authors: RATNASIH RATNASIH , AJINEGORO RISKI MUKTIARTO NUGROHO , PERDANA DOAN 
Published: June 2018

ABSTRAKVehicular Ad-hoc Network (VANET) adalah salah satu jaringan mobile Ad Hocyang memiliki mobilitas tinggi serta topologi yang berubah – ubah secara konstan dalam waktu yang singkat. Sistem broadcast yang diterapkan padaVANET ketika pembentukan arsitektur infrastruktur bisa dijadikan peluang bagi penyerang node untuk melakukan serangan terhadap routing protocol. Rushing Attack adalah sebuah serangan jaringan dimana serangan ini melakukan duplikasi secara cepat dengan transmisi yang lebih tinggi untuk mengacaukan jaringan dan mendapatkan forward akses yang lebih dibandingkan dengan node yang lain. Sasaran utama dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengukur dampak dari serangan Rushing pada protocol routing AOMDV (Adhoc on Demand Multipath Distance Vector) menggunakan software NS-2. Nilai QoS yang didapatkan pada hasil penelitian ini tidak maksimal, karena attacker mengirimkan rushed routing packets (RREQ or RREP) yang mempengaruhi routing tabel eksisting dan mengacaukan proses pengiriman paket.Kata kunci: VANET, Rushing Attack, AOMDV, NS-2 ABSTRACTVehicular Ad-hoc Network (VANET) is kind of an Ad-Hoc mobile network thathave high mobility and with changing topology constantly in a short time. The broadcast system that applied to the infrastructure architecture formation when VANET can be used as opportunities for penyerang nodes to perform attacks on the routing protocol. Rushing Attack is an attack on the network that the attacks quickly duplicating with higher transmission to disrupt the network and getting forward more access than the other node. The main target of this project is to measure how big the impact of the rushing attack on AOMDV(Adhoc on Demand Multipath Distance Vector) routing protocol using NS-2 software. On this project did not gets the maximum value for QoS because the attacker sent rushed routing packets (RREQ or RREP) that affect the routing table and disturb the delivery package.Keywords: VANET, Rushing Attack, AOMDV, NS-2
Memes:de criações anônimas a apropriações do mercado publicitário
Authors: Lopes Debora Correia , Mazzei Victor Reis 
Published: June 2018

Dentro do contexto da cibercultura, levando também em consideração mudanças culturais e sociais, temos novas formas de expressar a identidade. Este novo tempo tornou "visíveis" pessoas antes desconhecidas e empoderou consumidores antes tido como passivos. Os memes são parte desta nova cultura, estes irradiam a descentralização da nova produção de conteúdo e dos novos tempos. Desta forma, o presente artigo tem por principal objetivo investigar como a atividade publicitária utiliza os “memes”, tendo como ponto de partida das criações. Esse é o cerne do estudo, que analisa como a reportagem com o empresário Alexander Augusto de Almeida, popularmente conhecido nas redes sociais como o “Rei do Camarote”, foi amplamente explorada, servindo de base para postagens, de âmbito publicitário, para muitas marcas consolidadas que tentaram se aproveitar da repercussão. Neste trabalho, promovemos um diálogo entre pesquisa bibliográfica e de campo para buscar compreender as estratégias adotadas pelos anunciantes ao apropriarem-se dos conteúdos divulgados a partir de “memes” e, posteriormente, se lançarem também na rede a fim de persuadir o seu público de interesse. Within the context of cyberculture, taking also into account changing cultures and social, we have new ways of expressing the identity, which made "visible" people before unknown and empowered consumers before taken as liabilities. The memes are part of this new culture, they radiate the decentralization of new content production and of new times. Thus, the present article has as its principal objective to investigate how the advertising activity uses the "memes", taking as its starting point the creations. This is the crux of the study, which examines how the report with the businessman Alexander Augusto de Almeida, popularly known in social networks as the "Rei do Camarote", has been widely exploited, serving as a basis for posts, of course, for many brands statements who tried to take advantage of the impact. In this work, we promote a dialog between bibliographic research and field to understand the strategies adopted by advertisers to the taking of the content disseminated from "memes" and, later, if launch also in the network in order to convince your audience of interest.
Green Real Estate: Does It Create Value? Financial and Sustainability Analysis on European Green REITs
Authors: Mariani Massimo , Amoruso Paola , Caragnano Alessandra , Zito Marianna 
Published: June 2018

Sustainability represents an innovative component of profitability for real estate finance, and among other instruments, real estate funds include a “green” component represented by certified buildings.In particular, the adopted selection criteria refer to the two European most widespread certifications: LEED and BREEAM.The objective is to demonstrate the degree of correlation between the adoption of implemented sustainable policies and financial performance. For this purpose Fama-French Five Factor Model has been applied.This work is oriented in validating the hypothesis, which states that sustainable and environmentally friendly components positively affect the performances of investment portfolios, focusing on the European property management industry. Therefore, this paper has the ambitious aim of filling the gap in current literature on REITs mainly focused on the US market.
Genome sequencing uncovers phenocopies in primary progressive multiple sclerosis
Authors: Jia Xiaoming , Madireddy Lohith , Caillier Stacy , Santaniello Adam , Esposito Federica , Comi Giancarlo , Stuve Olaf , Zhou Yuan , Taylor Bruce , Kilpatrick Trevor , Martinelli‐Boneschi Filippo , Cree Bruce A.C. , Oksenberg Jorge R. , Hauser Stephen L. , Baranzini Sergio E 
Published: June 2018

ObjectivePrimary progressive multiple sclerosis (PPMS) causes accumulation of neurological disability from disease onset without clinical attacks typical of relapsing multiple sclerosis (RMS). However, whether genetic variation influences the disease course remains unclear. We aimed to determine whether mutations causative of neurological disorders that share features with multiple sclerosis (MS) contribute to risk for developing PPMS.MethodsWe examined whole‐genome sequencing (WGS) data from 38 PPMS and 81 healthy subjects of European ancestry. We selected pathogenic variants exclusively found in PPMS patients that cause monogenic neurological disorders and performed two rounds of replication genotyping in 746 PPMS, 3,049 RMS, and 1,000 healthy subjects. To refine our findings, we examined the burden of rare, potentially pathogenic mutations in 41 genes that cause hereditary spastic paraplegias (HSPs) in PPMS (n = 314), secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS; n = 587), RMS (n = 2,248), and healthy subjects (n = 987) genotyped using the MS replication chip.ResultsWGS and replication studies identified three pathogenic variants in PPMS patients that cause neurological disorders sharing features with MS: KIF5A p.Ala361Val in spastic paraplegia 10; MLC1 p.Pro92Ser in megalencephalic leukodystrophy with subcortical cysts, and REEP1 c.606 + 43G>T in Spastic Paraplegia 31. Moreover, we detected a significant enrichment of HSP‐related mutations in PPMS patients compared to controls (risk ratio [RR] = 1.95; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.27–2.98; p = 0.002), as well as in SPMS patients compared to controls (RR = 1.57; 95% CI, 1.18–2.10; p = 0.002). Importantly, this enrichment was not detected in RMS.InterpretationThis study provides evidence to support the hypothesis that rare Mendelian genetic variants contribute to the risk for developing progressive forms of MS. Ann Neurol 2018;83:51–63