bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Proteome of Enchytraeus crypticus—Exposure to CuO Nanomaterial and CuCl2—in Pursue of a Mechanistic Interpretation
Authors: Maria Vera L. , Licha David , Scott‐Fordsmand Janeck J. , Huber Christian G. , Amorim Mónica J.B. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe transcriptome of the ecotoxicological model Enchytraeus crypticus (known as potworm) is well studied, but the downstream changes at the protein level remained a gap. Changes in the protein regulation following exposure to CuO nanomaterial (NM) and Cu salt (CuCl2) are investigated. HPLC‐MS/MS using tandem mass tags is used. CuO NM elicits higher number of differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) compared to CuCl2 with little to no overlap of proteins. CuO NM causes more stress response mechanisms, with good agreement between DEPs, genes, and metabolites. CuCl2 causes higher impact in shorter time periods, but organisms have conserved mechanisms (constitutive genes) that allow Cu handling and detoxification. CuO NM causes higher impact after a longer exposure period, inducing regulation of facultative genes with a whole differentiated paradigm and cascade. This could be due to different issues: 1) the cell uptake route is different for Cu NM and Cu ions, 2) internalized Cu NM can result in a “Trojan‐horse” effect, 3) the cascade of events occurs in a different time order, and 4) the organism uptake is different between life stages, i.e., cocoons thickened surface protects the entry of NM and juveniles have facilitated entry via tegument. The data have been deposited to the ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD010647.
Decision‐making about cervical screening in a heterogeneous sample of nonparticipants: A qualitative interview study
Authors: Marlow Laura A.V. , Chorley Amanda J. , Rockliffe Lauren , Waller Jo 
Published: August 2018

AbstractObjectiveAccording to the precaution adoption process model, cervical screening nonparticipants represent a heterogeneous group including those who are unaware of, unengaged with, or undecided about screening, as well as intenders and decliners. We aimed to explore beliefs about cervical screening among these different types of nonparticipant.MethodsSemistructured interviews were carried out with women aged 26 to 65 years living in Britain (n = 29). Women were purposively sampled to represent different nonparticipant types. Interviews were transcribed verbatim, and data were analysed thematically using framework analysis.ResultsThe salience of some barriers to screening varied between different types of nonparticipant. Bad experiences were prominent in the discussions of women who had decided not to attend, while practical barriers were more prominent among intenders. There was also some overlap between nonparticipant types. For example, many of the undecided women described not wanting to go for screening, but with less certainty than decliners. Some intenders (particularly those who had not been screened before) described not really wanting to attend but feeling they ought to. Women's views on the invitation/reminder process also varied; intenders and maintainers appreciated written reminders and general practitioner (GP) prompts but decliners sometimes perceived these as “badgering.” Throughout the interviews, women described changing views on screening in the wider context of ageing and motherhood.ConclusionsThe salience of screening barriers varies by nonparticipant type, offering possibilities for tailored interventions. However, the fluidity of women's stage of screening adoption might have implications for this approach to intervention design.
N‐ and P‐co‐doped Graphite Felt Electrode for Improving Positive Electrode Chemistry of the Vanadium Redox Flow Battery
Authors: Pasala Vasudevarao , Ramavath Janraj N. , He Cheng , Ramani Vijay K. , Ramanujam Kothandaraman 
Published: August 2018

AbstractIn this study, N‐ and P‐co‐doped carbon derived from microcrystalline cellulose, and diammonium hydrogen phosphate ((NH4)2HPO4) were employed as the catalyst for
/
redox reaction. Doping with P enhanced the onset potential and the presence of N (in the form of pyridinic‐ and pyrrolic‐N) and P together enhanced the peak current for the
/
redox reaction. Further, the doping improved the wettability of the catalyst, thereby increasing the interfacial area available for the reaction. The use of N‐ and P‐co‐doped catalyst coated graphite felts in the vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB) yielded higher energy efficiency and discharge capacity, especially at higher current densities in contrast to un‐doped graphite felt (GF). 100 cycles of charge‐discharge with minimal capacity fade were demonstrated while using N‐ and P‐co‐doped catalyst at the positive electrode of the VRFB.
Carbon‐Quantum‐Dot‐Derived Nanostructured MnO2 and Its Symmetrical Supercapacitor Performances
Authors: Prasath Arul , Athika Mattath , Duraisamy Ezhumalai , Sharma Arumugam Selva , Elumalai Perumal 
Published: August 2018

AbstractWe report here synthesis of nanostructured MnO2 by using carbon‐quantum dot (CQD) as reducing agent which is obtained by environmentally benign approach from waste material. The obtained carbon quantum dot‐MnO2 nanohybrid is characterized by various analytical techniques. The spectral studies reveal the characteristic absorption/emission features of nanostructured CQD‐MnO2. The X‐ray‐diffraction and microscopic analysis indicate that the synthesized CQD‐MnO2 is crystalline in nature with the grain size in the range of 250 − 300 nm. Electrochemical studies reveals that the carbon quantum dot‐MnO2 nanohybrid electrode exhibits a high specific capacitance of 189 F g‐1 at 0.14 A g‐1 with an excellent stability over 1200 charge‐discharge cycles. The excellent electrochemical performance is attributed to the large surface area and high conductivity due to the presence of conductive nanonetwork of the CQD in the carbon quantum dot‐MnO2 matrix. The symmetric supercapacitor (CQD‐MnO2|Na2SO4|CQD‐MnO2) constructed using the carbon quantum dot‐MnO2 electrodes delivers high energy and power densities with a wide operating potential window of 0 ‐ 1.6 V.
Enzymatically Powered Surface‐Associated Self‐Motile Protocells
Authors: Jang Woo‐Sik , Kim Hyun Ji , Gao Chen , Lee Daeyeon , Hammer Daniel A. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractCell motility is central to processes such as wound healing, immune cell surveillance, and embryonic development. Motility requires the conversion of chemical to mechanical energy. An active area of research is to create motile particles, such as microswimmers, using catalytic and enzymatic reactions. Here, autonomous motion is demonstrated in adhesive polymer‐based protocells by incorporating and harnessing the energy production of an enzymatic reaction. Biotinylated polymer vesicles that encapsulate catalase, an enzyme which converts hydrogen peroxide to water and oxygen, are prepared and these vesicles are adhered weakly to avidin‐coated surfaces. Upon addition of hydrogen peroxide, which diffuses across the membrane, catalase activity generates a differential impulsive force that enables the breakage and reformation of biotin–avidin bonds, leading to diffusive vesicle motion resembling random motility. The random motility requires catalase, increases with the concentration of hydrogen peroxide, and needs biotin–avidin adhesion. Thus, a protocellular mimetic of a motile cell.
Insights about the Absence of Rb Cation from the 3D Perovskite Lattice: Effect on the Structural, Morphological, and Photophysical Properties and Photovoltaic Performance
Authors: Uchida Ryusuke , Binet Silvia , Arora Neha , Jacopin Gwenole , Alotaibi Mohammad Hayal , Taubert Andreas , Zakeeruddin Shaik M. , Dar M. Ibrahim , Graetzel Michael 
Published: August 2018

AbstractEfficiencies >20% are obtained from the perovskite solar cells (PSCs) employing Cs+ and Rb+ based perovskite compositions; therefore, it is important to understand the effect of these inorganic cations specifically Rb+ on the properties of perovskite structures. Here the influence of Cs+ and Rb+ is elucidated on the structural, morphological, and photophysical properties of perovskite structures and the photovoltaic performances of resulting PSCs. Structural, photoluminescence (PL), and external quantum efficiency studies establish the incorporation of Cs+ (x < 10%) but amply rule out the possibility of Rb‐incorporation into the MAPbI3 (MA = CH3NH3
+) lattice. Moreover, morphological studies and time‐resolved PL show that both Cs+ and Rb+ detrimentally affect the surface coverage of MAPbI3 layers and charge‐carrier dynamics, respectively, by influencing nucleation density and by inducing nonradiative recombination. In addition, differential scanning calorimetry shows that the transition from orthorhombic to tetragonal phase occurring around 160 K requires more thermal energy for the Cs‐containing MAPbI3 systems compared to the pristine MAPbI3. Investigation including mixed halide (I/Br) and mixed cation A‐cation based compositions further confirms the absence of Rb+ from the 3D‐perovskite lattice. The fundamental insights gained through this work will be of great significance to further understand highly promising perovskite compositions.
Effect of Urmia Lake's drying on groundwater corrosion and scaling potential in the northwest of Iran (Case study: Spring and summer, 2015)
Authors: Zazouli Mohammad Ali , Kalankesh Laleh R. , Rodríguez‐Couto Susana , Keshavarz Ali 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe most common problems in water distribution systems are corrosion and scaling, which cause both economic and customer health problems. The aim of the present study is to report the relationship between Urmia Lake's drying and the corrosion and scaling potential of groundwater used as drinking water during the spring and summer of 2015. Groundwater samples were collected from all of the catchments of the Urmia Lake basin, and the characteristics of the water were used to determine the corrosive and scaling indices using the Langelier Saturation Index and the Ryznar Stability Index. The results showed that the total dissolved solids measurement of the samples collected from the islands of Urmia Lake was higher than the maximum value of the standard level. In addition, the hardness in 36% of the zones was higher than that of the maximum suggested level. The concentration of calcium was lower than that of the standard, but the rest of the parameters were in the standard level range. Also, the results showed that the water of the Urmia Lake basin tends to be very scaling and corrosive. In order to control the corrosion and scaling caused by groundwater drawn from the catchments around Urmia Lake, measures should be taken to prevent Urmia Lake's drying and to manage the groundwater around this area. It is also suggested that a laboratory study regarding the condition of the distribution system be carried out to adjust the effective parameters, such as the pH.
Enhanced Recovery in Liver Transplantation: A Feasibility Study
Authors: Brustia Raffaele , Monsel Antoine , Conti Filomena , Savier Eric , Rousseau Geraldine , Perdigao Fabiano , Bernard Denis , Eyraud Daniel , Loncar Yann , Langeron Olivier , Scatton Olivier 
Published: August 2018

AbstractBackgroundEnhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) programmes after surgery are effective in reducing length of stay, functional recovery and complication rates in liver surgery (LS) with the indirect advantage of reducing hospitalisation costs. Preoperative comorbidities, challenging surgical procedures and complex post‐operative management are the points that liver transplantation (LT) shares with LS. Nevertheless, there is little evidence regarding the feasibility and safety of ERAS programmes in LT.MethodsWe designed a pilot, small‐scale, feasibility study to assess the impact on hospital stay, protocol compliance and safety of an ERAS programme tailored for LT. The ERAS arm was compared with a 1:2 match paired control arm with similar characteristics. All patients with MELD <25 were included. A dedicated LT‐tailored protocol was derived from publications on ERAS liver surgery.ResultsTen patients were included in the Fast‐Trans arm. It was observed a 47% reduction of the total LOS, as compared to the control arm: 9.5 (9.0–10.5) days versus 18.0 (14.3–24.3) days, respectively, p <0.001. The protocol achieved 72.9% compliance. No differences were observed in terms of post‐operative complications or readmission rates after discharge between the two arms. Overall, it was observed a reduction of length of stay in ICU and surgical ward in the Fast‐Trans arm compared with the control arm.ConclusionConsidered the main points in common between LS and LT, this small‐scale study suggests that the application of an ERAS programme tailored to the LT setting is feasible. Further testing will be appropriate to generalise these findings.
Community pharmacists’ knowledge and perspectives of reporting adverse drug reactions in Australia: a cross-sectional survey
Authors: Li Raymond , Curtain Colin , Bereznicki Luke , Zaidi Syed Tabish Razi 
Published: August 2018

AbstractBackground Under-reporting of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) by healthcare professionals is prevalent worldwide. Community pharmacists are the most frequently visited healthcare professional and are well placed to document ADRs as a part of their routine practice. Objective To measure community pharmacists’ knowledge and perspectives towards ADR reporting and their reporting practices. Setting Community pharmacists in the New South Wales, Queensland, Victoria and Tasmania, Australia. Method A survey tool consisting of 28 items was developed, piloted and validated by a panel of expert reviewers. The final anonymised survey was distributed online to community pharmacists. Exploratory factor analysis and Cronbach’s alpha were used to measure the validity and reliability of the tool, respectively. Non-parametric statistical tests were used to analyse knowledge, perspectives and ADR reporting practices. Main outcome measures: Knowledge, perceived importance, enablers and barriers to reporting ADRs. Results The survey tool showed acceptable validity and reliability. A total of 232 respondents completed the survey. The median knowledge score was 5 out of 10 (interquartile range, 2). Less than a third of respondents (31.0%) reported sufficient knowledge and training on ADR reporting. Only 35.3% of pharmacists reported at least one ADR in the previous 12 months. Non-reporting pharmacists were more likely to report lack of time as a barrier (P < 0.001), conversely they were more likely to report if the practice was remunerated (P = 0.007). Conclusion Under-reporting of ADRs by community pharmacists is highly prevalent. Initiatives to educate and train them on ADR reporting and simplifying the reporting process may improve reporting practices.
Kinds behaving badly: intentional action and interactive kinds
Authors: Allen Sophie R. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThis paper investigates interactive kinds, a class of kinds suggested by Ian Hacking for which classification generates a feedback loop between the classifiers and what is classified, and argues that human interactive kinds should be distinguished from non-human ones. First, I challenge the claim that there is nothing ontologically special about interactive kinds in virtue of their members beingclassifiedas such. To do so, I reject Cooper’s counterexample to Hacking’s thesis that kind descriptions are necessary for intentional action, arguing that classification (although not necessarily linguistic description) is required for intentional action. Having considered ways to characterise the metaphysics of interactive kinds and the semantics of kind terms, I argue that the fact that classification facilitates intentional action makes human interactive kinds ontologically distinctive because of the anomalous nature of the change which the kind-classification brings about. I then briefly examine further distinguishing features of human interactive kinds.
Evolution of dementia diagnosis over time (1988–2013): Evidence from French and English cohorts. Implication for secular trends analyses
Authors: Grasset Leslie , Matthews Fiona E. , Pérès Karine , Foubert‐Samier Alexandra , Helmer Catherine , Dartigues Jean‐François , Brayne Carol 
Published: August 2018

AbstractIntroductionThe aims of this study are to examine the evolution of clinical dementia diagnosis over 3 decades and to investigate secular trends of dementia.MethodsFour cohorts covering a period from 1988 to 2013 were used: the Personnes Agées Quid and Three‐City‐Bordeaux studies, and the Cognitive Function and Aging Study (CFAS) I and II. Mini–Mental State Examination scores at clinical diagnosis were evaluated over a 24‐year follow‐up period in French studies. An algorithmic approach was applied to CFAS I and II to provide dementia prevalence and incidence estimates.ResultsA significant increase of the Mini–Mental State Examination score at diagnosis was observed until 2000 and a significant decrease after. We reported a prevalence of 8.8% for CFAS I (1990–1993) compared with a prevalence of 6.5% in CFAS II (2008–2011). The 2‐year incidence rate was estimated at 31.2/1000 (95% confidence interval = 28.0–34.8) for CFAS I and 15.0/1000 (95% confidence interval = 13.5–16.7) for CFAS II.DiscussionApplying a stable algorithm to different cohorts across time can provide a robust method for time trends estimation.
Can endocan be a new biomarker in ventilator‐associated pneumonia?
Authors: Kupeli Ilke , Salcan Sara , Kuzucu Mehmet , Kuyrukluyıldız Ufuk 
Published: August 2018

AbstractVentilator‐Associated Pneumonia (VAP) is a hospital‐acquired bacterial infection with high incidence and mortality rate. The aim of this study is to investigate the correlation between the Endocan level and development of VAP and whether or not this correlation was correlated with the clinical findings. Demographic data, white blood cell (WBC) count, procalcitonin (PCT), c‐reactive protein (CRP), and fever levels of 60 patients were recorded in serial measurements for 5 days. When there was the presence of fever or elevated Endocan, alveolar lavage culture was taken and chest radiographies were taken. Correlations of the Endocan levels with the culture results and laboratory values were examined. The rate of VAP was found as 10.4/1000 mechanical ventilator days. Endocan levels were significantly higher in patients with VAP (p < 0.05). However, there was no significant difference among PCT, WBC, CRP measurements (p > 0.05). No correlation was found between Endocan levels and PCT, WBC and CRP levels in those with VAP (p > 0.05). A significant correlation was found between the Endocan level and the elevated fever 24 h later (p:0.001). The serum Endocan level on the day 3 had a specificity of 73.3%, a sensitivity of 68.9%, positive predictive value of 44%, and negative predictive value of 88.5% at the cut off level of 9.17 ng/mL. In this study, it was determined that high Endocan levels were associated with the development of VAP. The present study suggested that Endocan can be used as a screening tool for the development of VAP.Clinical Trials.gov IDNCT02916277.
Affective Neuroscience Theory and Personality: An Update
Authors: Montag Christian , Davis Kenneth L. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe present work gives a short overview of central aspects of Jaak Panksepp’sAffective Neuroscience Theory(AN theory) and its relevance for modern personality neuroscience. In contrast to the widely used Big Five approach to studying and understanding human personality, AN theory provides researchers with a distinct roadmap to the biological basis of personality, including molecular and neuroanatomical candidates, to understand individual differences in human behavior. Such molecular and neuroanatomical brain candidates have been derived by means of electrical brain stimulation and pharmacological challenges, while investigating primary emotional systems anchored in the subcortical mammalian brain. Research results derived from the study of emotions in mammals are also of relevance for humans because ancient layers of our minds—those layers where primary emotions originate—have been homologously conserved across species. From an evolutionary perspective, this makes sense because primal emotions represent “built-in tools for survival” for all mammals. In this context, Montag and Panksepp recently illustrated a potential ancient neurobiological effect by carving out robust associations between individual differences in primary emotions (assessed via self-report) and the Big Five in a cross-cultural study with data from the United States, Germany, and China. These associations together with some ideas derived from MacLean’s Triune Brain concept highlighted (a) that primary emotions likely represent the phylogenetically oldest parts of human personality and (b) that primary emotions influence human personality in a bottom-up fashion given their localization in ancient subcortical brain regions. A comment on the work by Montag and Panksepp asked for insights on putative links between primary emotions and facets of the Big Five. Therefore, we provide some first insights into such associations from recent Germany data. In addition, the present work provides a new short version of the Affective Neuroscience Personality Scales to assess individual differences in primary emotions.
SOME RESULTS OF THE -APPROXIMATION PROPERTY FOR BANACH SPACES
Authors: KIM JU MYUNG 
Published: August 2018

AbstractGiven a Banach operator ideal $\mathcal A$, we investigate the approximation property related to the ideal of $\mathcal A$-compact operators, $\mathcal K_{\mathcal A}$-AP. We prove that a Banach space X has the $\mathcal K_{\mathcal A}$-AP if and only if there exists a λ ≥ 1 such that for every Banach space Y and every R ∈ $\mathcal K_{\mathcal A}$(Y, X),

$$
\begin{equation}
R \in \overline {\{SR : S \in \mathcal F(X, X), \|SR\|_{\mathcal K_{\mathcal A}} \leq \lambda \|R\|_{\mathcal K_{\mathcal A}}\}}^{\tau_{c}}.
\end{equation}
$$

For a surjective, maximal and right-accessible Banach operator ideal $\mathcal A$, we prove that a Banach space X has the $\mathcal K_{(\mathcal A^{{\rm adj}})^{{\rm dual}}}$-AP if the dual space of X has the $\mathcal K_{\mathcal A}$-AP.
THE SOUL OF, THE SOUL IN ITSELF, AND THE FLYING MAN EXPERIMENT
Authors: Alpina Tommaso 
Published: August 2018

AbstractIn Avicenna's Nafs there are two investigations that run in parallel from its very beginning: (a) the investigation of the soul as a relational entity, always considered in connection with the body, and (b) that of the human soul in itself. Both investigations aim at ascertaining the existence and the essence of the soul, in relation to the body, of which it is the soul, and in itself respectively. The aim of this contribution is to reconstruct the phases of these investigations, in order to single out the way in which they are mutually related to each other, and to detect what acts as an indicator of the transition from the first, more general investigation to the second, more specific one. In my reconstruction, this role is assigned to the Flying Man experiment. In order to corroborate this interpretation, passages from three other Avicennian works (Ḥikma mašriqiyya or al-Mašriqiyyūn, Kitāb al-Išārāt wa-l-Tanbīhāt, and Risāla Aḍḥawiyya fī l-ma‘ād) are taken into account, since they contain the three other attested formulations of the Flying Man experiment, and an argumentative move similar to the one detectable in the Nafs.