bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A pilot study on in vitro solubility of phosphorus from mineral sources, feed ingredients and compound feed for pigs, poultry, dogs and cats
Authors: Lineva Anna , Kirchner Robert , Kienzle Ellen , Kamphues Josef , Dobenecker Britta 
Published: October 2018

AbstractExcess phosphorus (P) as seen in cat foods can have a negative effect on health (Dobenecker, Webel, Reese, & Kienzle, ; Pastoor, Klooster, Mathot, & Beynen, ). P surpluses may affect the environment, and economics in food producing animals, whereas marginal supply may impair performance and health. P can only be absorbed if it is soluble. Solubility of feed P in water and weak acid solution—as a precondition for absorption—was investigated in feed for dogs, cats, pigs and poultry. Different P containing mineral compounds (Ca(H2PO4)2, CaHPO4•2H2O, Ca4Na(PO4)3, KH2PO4, K4P2O7, NaH2PO4, Na5P3O10 (29 samples), as well as eight different ingredients such as wheat or meat, 64 compound feeds for pig and poultry, eight complete dry and 13 complete moist dog foods, 25 complete moist cat foods and 29 experimental diets were analysed for P solubility. Finely ground feeds were soaked in water or hydrochloric acid (0.4%) for 1 and 90 min. The samples were centrifuged and the supernatant was analysed for P (photometric vanadate molybdate method after wet ashing). The solubility of P from inorganic sources reflected the solubility of the main compound of the feed grade material. “organic” ingredients, such as fish meal or meat, showed a lower P solubility than inorganic sources. Most ingredients from animal origin (exception fish meal) had a higher P solubility than those from plant origin. When inorganic and “organic” P sources were mixed, the P solubility of the mixture reflected the P solubility and percentages of its compounds. In chicken, turkey and pig compound feed the percentage of acid soluble P increased with increasing P content. Pet moist food showed high percentages of water‐soluble P. The results show that the method is suitable to obtain data on water and acid solubility of P in feed and ingredients.
Influence of various concentrate‐to‐roughage ratios on dietary intake and nutrient digestibilities of weanling horses
Authors: Turcott‐White Susan K. , Nielsen Brian D. , Robison Cara I. , Skelly Christine D. , Rosenstein Diane S. , Pritchard Abby , Herdt Thomas 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe objective of this study was to compare the feed intake and the apparent digestibilities of three different diets varying in concentrate‐to‐roughage ratios in weanling horses (n = 24) at 5 and 8 months of age. Horses were stratified by breed, gender, birth date and body weight and assigned to one of three dietary treatments containing the following concentrate‐to‐roughage ratios on an as‐fed basis: 70:30 (High Con), 50:50 (Equal) and 30:70 (Low Con). All horses were fed their respective diets for a 10‐day adaptation period and a 4‐day collection period at 5 and 8 months. There were no differences in BW or daily feed intake among treatments during both trials. The horses consuming Low Con had a greater amount of faecal output than High Con at both 5 and 8 months (p < 0.01). At 5 months, High Con had the highest crude protein (CP) digestibility (p < 0.05). At 8 months, High Con had a higher CP digestibility than Low Con (p < 0.01) and tended to be higher than Equal (p = 0.07). Acid detergent fibre (ADF) digestibility did not differ among treatments; however, horses fed the Low Con tended to digest a higher percentage of neutral detergent fibre (NDF) than both the Equal and High Con treatments (p = 0.09). Horses in the High Con treatment tended to digest a higher percentage of energy than those in the Low Con treatment (p = 0.06). Weanlings seem to digest protein more thoroughly when fed high‐concentrate diets and may digest fibre more efficiently when fed diets higher in fibre.
Geographic Expansion of Federally Qualified Health Centers 2007–2014
Authors: Chang Chiang‐Hua , P.W. Bynum Julie , Lurie Jon D. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractPurposeFederally Qualified Health Centers (FQHCs), which were expanded under the Affordable Care Act, are federally funded health centers that aim to improve access to primary care in underserved areas. With continued federal support, the number of FQHCs in the United States has increased >80% within a decade. However, the expansion patterns and their impact on the population served are unknown.MethodsA pre (2007)‐post (2014) study of FQHC locations. FQHC locations were identified from the Provider of Services Files then linked to primary care service areas (PCSAs), which represent the service markets that FQHCs served. Road‐based travel time was estimated from each 2007 FQHC to the nearest new FQHC as an indicator of geographic expansion in access. PCSA‐level characteristics were used to compare 2007 and 2014 FQHC service markets.FindingsBetween 2007 and 2014, there was greater expansion in the number of FQHCs (3,489 vs 6,376; 82.7%) than in the number of service markets (1,835 vs 2,695; 46.9%). Nearly half of 2007 FQHCs (47%) had at least one new FQHC within 30 minutes travel time. Most newly certified FQHCs (81%) were located in urban areas. Compared to 2007 service markets, the new 2014 markets (N = 174) were much less likely to be in areas with >20% of the population below poverty (31.4% vs 14.9%, P < .001).ConclusionsThe latest expansion of FQHCs was less likely to be in rural or high poverty areas, suggesting the impact of expansion may have limitations in improving access to care among the most financially disadvantaged populations.
Virulence of Agrobacteriumtumefaciens requires lipid homeostasis mediated by the lysyl‐phosphatidylglycerol hydrolase AcvB
Authors: Groenewold Maike K. , Hebecker Stefanie , Fritz Christiane , Czolkoss Simon , Wiesselmann Milan , Heinz Dirk W. , Jahn Dieter , Narberhaus Franz , Aktas Meriyem , Moser Jürgen 
Published: October 2018

SummaryAgrobacterium tumefaciens transfers oncogenic T‐DNA via the type IV secretion system (T4SS) into plants causing tumor formation. The acvB gene encodes a virulence factor of unknown function required for plant transformation. Here we specify AcvB as a periplasmic lysyl‐phosphatidylglycerol (L‐PG) hydrolase, which modulates L‐PG homeostasis. Through functional characterization of recombinant AcvB variants, we showed that the C‐terminal domain of AcvB (residues 232–456) is sufficient for full enzymatic activity and defined key residues for catalysis. Absence of the hydrolase resulted in ~10‐fold increase in L‐PG in Agrobacterium membranes and abolished T‐DNA transfer and tumor formation. Overproduction of the L‐PG synthase gene (lpiA) in wild‐type A. tumefaciens resulted in a similar increase in the L‐PG content (~7‐fold) and a virulence defect even in the presence of intact AcvB. These results suggest that elevated L‐PG amounts (either by overproduction of the synthase or absence of the hydrolase) are responsible for the virulence phenotype. Gradually increasing the L‐PG content by complementation with different acvB variants revealed that cellular L‐PG levels above 3% of total phospholipids interfere with T‐DNA transfer. Cumulatively, this study identified AcvB as a novel virulence factor required for membrane lipid homeostasis and T‐DNA transfer.
Efficacy of Additional Corticosteroid in a Multimodal Cocktail for Postoperative Analgesia Following Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Meta‐Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Chai Xiping , Liu Haiping , You Congxin , Wang Changde 
Published: October 2018

AbstractBackgroundLocal injection of a multimodal cocktail including corticosteroid is commonly used for postoperative pain following total knee arthroplasty (TKA). However, it is inconclusive whether additional corticosteroid is beneficial. This meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) aimed to evaluate the efficacy of an additional, local injection of corticosteroid in terms of pain relief and knee function recovery after TKA.MethodsRCTs in electronic literature databases including PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane Library were systematically searched. Of 1,628 records identified, 9 RCTs involving 727 knees were eligible for data extraction and meta‐analysis.ResultsLocal injection of a multimodal cocktail including corticosteroid did not contribute to pain relief within 12 hours postoperatively (P > 0.05). However, from 24 hours to 72 hours, it significantly decreased pain scores (P < 0.05, all) at rest and reduced total rescue opioid consumption postoperatively (P < 0.05). Knee range of motion (ROM) was improved at postoperative day 1 (POD1) and POD2 (P < 0.05), and hospital stay (P < 0.05) was shortened after local injection of corticosteroid. However, the other outcomes, including knee ROM after POD2, C‐reactive protein level, Knee Society score, postoperative nausea and vomiting, and wound complication occurrences, were not significantly different (P > 0.05, all).ConclusionsAdditional corticosteroid added to a multimodal cocktail improved postoperative pain, enhanced knee functional recovery, and shortened hospital stays following TKA, but local injection of corticosteroids had no effect on reducing nausea and vomiting based on our outcomes.
A systematic review of nurse‐led interventions with populations experiencing homelessness
Authors: Weber Jillian J. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractHomelessness is associated with poorer health status, and affects men, women, children, and veterans alike across the United States. With over half a million‐people suffering from homelessness on any given night, it is imperative that the health care delivery system step in to help this vulnerable group. Registered nurses encounter people experiencing homelessness in hospitals, clinics, shelters, and across the public health sector. They have the necessary skills to help make positive health‐related changes for homeless populations and improve their overall quality of life. Therefore, the purpose of this systematic review was to (a) assess existing nurse‐led interventional studies with homeless populations, (b) highlight effective methods that nurses used to impact care, and (c) make recommendations about future research needed. PRISMA guidelines were used and multiple databases were searched for nurse‐led interventional research with those experiencing homelessness. Recommendations include using a holistic nursing approach when working to improve outcomes for homeless populations to ensure optimal treatment for their complex physical, mental, and social health problems.
Comparison of seed and seedling functional traits in native Helianthus species and the crop H. annuus (sunflower)
Authors: Castillo‐Lorenzo E. , Pritchard H. W. , Finch‐Savage W. E. , Seal C. E. 
Published: October 2018

Abstract

Seed functional traits of native Helianthus species contribute towards ecosystem services but limitations to their use in managed programmes exist. Many perennial Helianthus possess seed dormancy. The ability for germination to occur under different temperature and drought conditions, as well as the capacity of germinated seeds to convert into normal seedlings is rarely considered. Our aim was to identify and quantify these constraints through functional trait analyses.

In five seed lots of native Helianthus (four perennial and one annual) and five genotypes of sunflower (H. annuus) for comparison, dormancy, thermal and hydro thresholds and times, morphology, mass, oil content and conversion into normal seedlings were quantified. The influence of the seed collection site environment on these traits was also explored.

Seed dormancy of the perennial species was overcome by scarification followed by germination in 5 mm GA3. Thermal and hydro‐time analyses revealed slower germination for the native seed lots (>1350 °Ch) in comparison to the sunflower genotypes (<829.9 °Ch). However, native seed lots had a higher capacity to convert into normal seedlings at high temperatures and low water potentials than sunflower genotypes. For the native seed lots, the average monthly temperature of the collection site was negatively correlated with thermal time.

Variability in seed functional traits of native Helianthus and greater capacity for germinated seeds to convert into normal seedlings suggests they are better equipped to cope with high temperature and drought scenarios than sunflower. Effective dormancy alleviation is required to facilitate the use of native Helianthus species.
Gradualism in the GATT: Strategic tariff bargaining and forward manipulation
Authors: Chan Jackie M. L. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThis paper examines strategic bargaining in a non‐cooperative game of tariff negotiation in the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT). In the model, a country bargains sequentially and bilaterally with multiple trading partners under the MFN principle, making take‐it‐or‐leave‐it offers consisting of tariffs and transfers. A dynamic bargaining inefficiency arises in which the country strategically delays the reduction of its tariff until the final stage, and extensions to the model demonstrate gradual trade liberalization over multiple stages. Based on this idea of forward manipulation, the theory provides an explanation for gradualism in tariff reduction during the early GATT rounds.
Moment Conditions and Bayesian Non-Parametrics
Authors: Bornn Luke , Shephard Neil , Solgi Reza 
Published: October 2018

SummaryModels phrased through moment conditions are central to much of modern inference. Here these moment conditions are embedded within a non-parametric Bayesian set-up. Handling such a model is not probabilistically straightforward as the posterior has support on a manifold. We solve the relevant issues, building new probability and computational tools by using Hausdorff measures to analyse them on real and simulated data. These new methods, which involve simulating on a manifold, can be applied widely, including providing Bayesian analysis of quasi-likelihoods, linear and non-linear regression, missing data and hierarchical models.
Gender, disaster, and women's access to contraception and reproductive health care
Authors: Berndt Virginia Kuulei 
Published: October 2018

AbstractDespite an increasing focus on health in disasters and the intersection of gender and disaster, there are few studies on women's health and access to essential reproductive health care during and after disasters. Even though contraceptives have an objective importance in maintaining reproductive health, there have been policy changes in the United States that run counter to this need, leading some to perceive women's health care as superfluous or morally wrong. With such a negative perception of women's reproductive health care, how are state‐level contraceptive policies and emergency refill laws constructed in a way that compromises women's ability to maintain an emergency supply of contraceptives and/or hinders their contraceptive access in disasters? In this review, I describe literature that answers this question while highlighting the lack of literature on this specific intersection. Additionally, I describe current policies that address this question. I then present a discussion and directions for future research to conclude this paper.
Creating a math‐talk learning community with preservice teachers
Authors: Saylor Laura Lackner , Walton Janet B. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractIn order to explore the potential for math‐talk learning communities (utilizing interactive discussions of mathematics principles) as a framework for preservice teacher learning, a math‐talk learning community framework was adopted in a methods of teaching mathematics course for preservice early elementary teachers. A case study of the co‐created math‐talk learning community revealed that the use of this framework enhanced individual learning about mathematical concepts and the use of math‐talk learning communities, resulted in a prioritization of sense making, engaged learners, and created a safe space for mathematical discourse. The study has implications for teacher educators and for future research.
Just a Little Respect: Differences in Job Satisfaction Among Individuals With and Without Disabilities*
Authors: Brooks Jennifer D. 
Published: October 2018

ObjectiveWhile scholars have documented high unemployment rates of individuals with disabilities, few studies address how workers with disabilities feel about their jobs. This study uses nationally representative data to explore the relationship between disability and job satisfaction; and examines how differences in job satisfaction between workers with and without disabilities may reflect educational attainment and perceived workplace respect.MethodsData come from the 2006 U.S. General Social Survey (N = 1,613). I estimated a series of ordinal logit regression models, controlling for gender, age, and race.ResultsControlling for demographic and workplace characteristics, workers with disabilities had 49 percent lower odds of reporting high job satisfaction than their nondisabled counterparts. Differences in workplace respect accounted for 38 percent of this difference.ConclusionGiven these results, one policy recommendation would be to implement disability awareness training for all employees, which may increase the amount of respect experienced by disabled workers.
Heterogeneity of blood processing and storage additives in different centers impacts stored red blood cell metabolism as much as storage time: lessons from REDS‐III—Omics
Authors: D'Alessandro Angelo , Culp‐Hill Rachel , Reisz Julie A. , Anderson Mikayla , Fu Xiaoyun , Nemkov Travis , Gehrke Sarah , Zheng Connie , Kanias Tamir , Guo Yuelong , Page Grier , Gladwin Mark T. , Kleinman Steve , Lanteri Marion , Stone Mars , Busch Michael , Zimring James C. ,   for the Recipient Epidemiology and Donor Evaluation Study‐III (REDS‐III)
Published: October 2018

BACKGROUNDBiological and technical variability has been increasingly appreciated as a key factor impacting red blood cell (RBC) storability and, potentially, transfusion outcomes. Here, we performed metabolomics analyses to investigate the impact of factors other than storage duration on the metabolic phenotypes of stored RBC in a multicenter study.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODSWithin the framework of the REDS‐III (Recipient Epidemiology and Donor Evaluation Study‐III) RBC‐Omics study, 13,403 donors were enrolled from four blood centers across the United States and tested for the propensity of their RBCs to hemolyze after 42 days of storage. Extreme hemolyzers were recalled and donated a second unit of blood. Units were stored for 10, 23, and 42 days prior to sample acquisition for metabolomics analyses.RESULTSUnsupervised analyses of metabolomics data from 599 selected samples revealed a strong impact (14.2% of variance) of storage duration on metabolic phenotypes of RBCs. The blood center collecting and processing the units explained an additional 12.2% of the total variance, a difference primarily attributable to the storage additive (additive solution 1 vs. additive solution 3) used in the different hubs. Samples stored in mannitol‐free/citrate‐loaded AS‐3 were characterized by elevated levels of high‐energy compounds, improved glycolysis, and glutathione homeostasis. Increased methionine metabolism and activation of the transsulfuration pathway was noted in samples processed in the center using additive solution 1.CONCLUSIONBlood processing impacts the metabolic heterogeneity of stored RBCs from the largest multicenter metabolomics study in transfusion medicine to date. Studies are needed to understand if these metabolic differences influenced by processing/storage strategies impact the effectiveness of transfusions clinically.
Two-year follow-up of mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists for chronic central serous chorioretinopathy
Authors: Zola Marta , Daruich Alejandra , Matet Alexandre , Mantel Irmela , Behar-Cohen Francine 
Published: October 2018

AimsTo evaluate the long-term oral mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist (MRa) treatment in chronic central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC).MethodsPatients with chronic non-resolving CSC (defined as foveal subretinal fluid (SRF) lasting >4 months with retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) alterations) treated with MRa only (eplerenone or spironolactone) for at least 6 months were retrospectively included. Clinical and imaging characteristics were recorded during visits at baseline, 6, 12, 18 and 24 months.ResultsSixteen eyes of 16 patients were included (mean age 53±11 years; 14 men, 2 women). Mean duration of SRF before treatment initiation was 11.2±19.7 months. MRa treatment was administered during 21.0±5.1 months (range, 10–24 months). There was a progressive improvement of visual acuity (p=0.05), a decrease of foveal SRF height (p=0.011), central macular thickness (p=0.004) and subfoveal choroidal thickness (p=0.002) over 24 months. Changes in SRF were correlated with subfoveal choroidal thickness at 24 months (p=0.006, Spearman r=065). The mean time to complete foveal SRF resolution was 10.5±8.0 months after treatment initiation. At 24 months, foveal SRF resolution was achieved in 13 eyes (81%). Minor side effects occurred in five patients (31%) and resolved after switching between MRa.ConclusionThe visual and anatomical benefit of MRa treatment prolonged for 6 months or more in chronic, non-resolving CSC appeared to be maintained over a 24-month period. These results suggest that MRa can be proposed as an alternative therapy in severe CSC with advanced RPE alterations.
Risk selection in primary care: a cross-sectional fixed effect analysis of Swedish individual data
Authors: Isaksson David , Blomqvist Paula , Pingel Ronnie , Winblad Ulrika 
Published: October 2018

ObjectiveTo assess socioeconomic differences between patients registered with private and public primary healthcare centres.DesignPopulation-based cross-sectional study controlling for municipality and household.SettingSwedish population-based socioeconomic data collected from Statistics Sweden linked with individual registration data from all 21 Swedish regions.ParticipantsAll individuals residing in Sweden on 31 December 2015 (n=9 851 017) were included in the study.Primary outcome measuresRegistration with private versus public primary healthcare centres.ResultsAfter controlling for municipality and household, individuals with higher socioeconomic status were more likely to be registered with a private primary healthcare provider. Individuals in the highest income quantile were 4.9 percentage points (13.7%) more likely to be registered with a private primary healthcare provider compared with individuals in the lowest income quantile. Individuals with 1–3 years of higher education were 4.7 percentage points more likely to be registered with a private primary healthcare provider compared with those with an incomplete primary education.ConclusionsThe results show that there are notable differences in registration patterns, indicating a skewed distribution of patients and health risks between private and public primary healthcare providers. This suggests that risk selection behaviour occurs in the reformed Swedish primary healthcare system, foremost through location patterns.