bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Testing animal feed for the presence of ruminant DNA using the official real-time PCR method
Authors: Nesic K , Pavlovic N , Pavlovic M , Tasic A , Kureljusic J , Rokvic N , Radosavljevic V 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Feed has become liable to testing for the presence of ruminant DNA as part of the eradication process of transmissible spongiform encephalopathies. For safety reasons, by the so-called total feed ban, meat and bone meal has been excluded from the diet of food chain animals for years. However, changes in EU regulations that led to relaxation of this ban began from mid-2013 with the introduction of animal proteins derived from poultry and pigs in feed for aquaculture. The EU published an approved PCR method for determining the species of animals from which the ingredients originate. The EU also validated a real-time PCR protocol for detection of prohibited ruminant DNA. As a result of harmonization with the EU legislation, in 2016, amendments to the Serbian TSE regulations were published and an identical method of feed control prescribed. In the same year, this procedure was implemented by the Institute of Veterinary Medicine of Serbia and accredited to the required standard, so adequate feed control started. The aim of this paper is to present the results of the first 50 animal feeds or feed materials tested for the presence of ruminant DNA using the official realtime PCR method. A high percentage (54 %) of the 50 feeds/feed materials studied contained ruminant DNA.
Cadmium level trend in liver and kidney of pigs from Serbia during 2014-2018
Authors: Nikolic D , Jankovic S , Djinovic-Stojanovic J , Radicevic T , Stefanovic S , Spiric D , Simunovic S 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Concentrations of cadmium (Cd) were measured in samples of liver (n=88) and kidney (n=226) of pigs within the Serbian National Residue Monitoring Program during 2014-2018. Levels of Cd were determined by inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry. All of the pigs had measurable amounts of Cd in liver and kidney, but none of the analyzed samples exceeded MRL for Cd – 0.5 and 1.0 mg/kg, respectively. The maximum Cd concentration in kidney amounting to 0.864 mg/kg was established in the first year of the residue monitoring program (2014). No statistically significant differences in Cd levels in liver samples during the examined period were observed, while statistical differences were established only between Cd levels in kidney collected in 2014 and 2015. On the basis of statistical analysis, it can be concluded that Cd levels have not increased in the analyzed organs during the investigated period.
The occurrence of ochratoxin A in kidneys of healthy pigs from Vojvodina province, Serbia
Authors: Polovinski Horvatovic M , Radovic I , Glamocic D , Jajic I , Krstovic S , Mirkov M , Vasiljevic V 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Ochratoxin A is a potential contaminant of feed and consequently meat and meat products. Residues of this mycotoxin in meat can pose a food safety issue. Swine production in Serbia and the northern province of Vojvodina is highly developed, since household consumers in Serbia frequently purchase pork. The occurrence of OTA in pig’s kidney taken from the slaughter line is a good indicator of the presence of this mycotoxin in meat and meat products. A total of 95 pig’s kidneys from Vojvodina, Serbia, were analyzed for ochratoxin A. The results from 19 farms (5 samples per farm from Bačka, Banat and Srem districts of Vojvodina) showed the presence of OTA in 14.74% (14/95 kidneys). The average OTA content was 1.36 μg/kg, median 0.99 μg/kg, and range from 0.10 to 3.97 μg/kg. Results from our research do not suggest any serious problems with OTA contamination in pig’s kidneys, but continuous monitoring is needed to avoid any possible future problems.
Determination of natamycin (food additive in cheese production) by liquid chromatography-electrospray tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Radicevic T , Jankovic S , Stefanovic S , Nikolic D , Djinovic-Stojanovic J , Spiric D , Tankovic S 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Natamycin is a polyene macrolide antifungal agent produced by aerobic fermentation of Streptomyces natalensis that prevents fungal growth on cheese surface. Commission Regulation EU 1129/2011 establishes a Union list of food additives and the use of natamycin (E235) in production of hard, semi-hard and semi-soft cheese, and lays down maximum residue limit (MRL) of 1mg/dm2 surface. It also stipulates that natamycin is not to be present at a depth of 5mm and deeper. The aim of this study was to present the analytical method for determination of natamycin in cheese by reverse phase liquid chromatography-electrospray tandem mass spectrometry. Method validation was performed according to Commission Decision 2002/657/EC. The method is linear in the concentration ranges of 0-5 mg/dm2, with the limit of detection (LoD) of 0.13 mg/dm2. The performance of the method was successfully verified by participating in a proficiency study.
Mastitis in dairy cow farms in canton Sarajevo and antimicrobial resistance of causative agents
Authors: Seric–Haracic S , Fejzic N , Clanjak-Kudra E , Velic S , Smajlovic M 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Mastitis is frequent and costly disease in dairy farming, while antimicrobial resistance is an important public health threat. Increasing resistance among zoonotic pathogens led to more investigation among animal pathogens. Study, conducted on dairy farms in Canton Sarajevo, aimed to establish mastitis prevalence in dairy cows, causative bacteria and investigate antimicrobial resistance. Lactating animals (n=1214) were tested using the California Mastitis Test during November 2017. Milk from positive animals was microbiologically cultivated. The overall prevalence of mastitis was 9.9 %, while 19 out of 180 dairy farms had at least one mastitis case. In 49.2% of samples, we identified S. aureus, 2.5% contained E. coli, 0.8% contained Enterobacteriaceae, 13.3 % had mixed infection and 34.2% samples had no growth. Using disk diffusion test highest resistances were observed to bacitracin (E. coli), trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (Enterobacteriaceae) and penicillin (S. aureus). Since oversight on antimicrobial use in farm animals is sporadic in the country, additional investigations of antimicrobial usage and trends in antimicrobial resistance causing agents are needed. Reducing mastitis rates on farms requires compliance with preventive measures alongside early detection, isolation of cases, culling of repeated cases, microbiological monitoring and testing for antimicrobial resistance before treatment.
Assessment of meat products and saturated fatty acid intake in human diets
Authors: Trbovic D , Lakicevic B , Petronijevic R , Lukic M , Jankovic V , Petrovic Z , Nastasijevic I 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The World Health Organization (WHO) has released a guide to proper diet in which the food pyramid is presented. The food pyramid indicates graphically which types of food should be eaten daily. Changes in the diet of any population are slow and difficult to achieve. The aim of this study was to investigate: a) the fatty acid composition of processed meat products, and; b) the daily saturated fatty acid (SFA) content, as calculated by estimated consumption of processed meat products (meat pieces preserved in plastic casing by heat treatment) present in the Serbian market. Consumption of 100 g of preserved pork meat pieces per day equated to 4.64 g saturated fat or 23.20% of daily fat intake being saturated, while consumption of preserved poultry meat pieces would result in 1.73 g of saturated fat, or 8.65% of daily fat intake being saturated which is closer to the recommended daily intake of 10% of fats being saturated. Further research is needed to understand better the optimal combination of unsaturated fatty acids in these processed meat products and recommended daily intakes that should maintain and enhance the health status of consumers.
The common foodborne viruses: A review
Authors: Velebit B , Djordjevic V , Milojevic L , Babic M , Grkovic N , Jankovic V , Yushina Y 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Transmission pathways of foodborne viruses include contamination of food by infected food handlers, by contamination of food during the production process and by consumption of products of animal origin harbouring a zoonotic virus. Viral foodborne illnesses, which have become a significant cause of all reported foodborne illnesses in recent years and considered as an emerging risk in veterinary public health. Microbiological genomics studies discovered that Noroviruses and hepatitis A viruses were primarily associated with food-handler transmission and sewage-contaminated foods. In contrast, hepatitis E was associated with consumption of raw or undercooked meat of pig or wild animals. In order to facilitate source attribution and identify risk prevention measures, Routine harmonized surveillance of viral outbreaks, and surveillance of virus occurrence in food commodities, in combination with systematic strain typing, and joint expertise from veterinary, food, and clinical microbiologists would be recommended.
Evaluation of Serbian black locust honey quality parameters as a contribution to confirmation of its botanical origin
Authors: Vranic D , Petronijevic R , Koricanac V , Djinovic Stojanovic J , Lilic S , Borovic B , Lukic M 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Acacia honey, like many other specialized kinds of honey, is derived purely from one plant species, in this case, the nectar of black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia) tree flowers. The present study investigated the quality of 270 acacia honeys from the Serbian market, collected during 2017 and 2018. Chemical and physical properties of honey were evaluated according to Serbian regulation. All applied methods were performed according to the Harmonized Methods of the International Honey Commission. Summarizing the results presented, none of the tested acacia honeys exceeded limits of national or EU regulations for moisture, free acid and insoluble matter contents as well as electrical conductivity. However, the most common parameters for non-compliant honeys were hydroxymethylfurfural and sugar contents and diastase activity. Among these parameters, this study shows the fructose to glucose ratio is also an important quality factor, significant for confirming the origin of acacia honey, while the correlation between glycemic index and the fructose to glucose ratio is especially important for individual honey consumers with impaired glucose tolerance or insulin resistance.
Effect of organic acid pretreatment of water hyacinth on enzymatic hydrolysis and biogas and bioethanol production
Authors: Tantayotai P , Mutrakulchareon P , Tawai A , Roddecha S , Sriariyanun M 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Due to rapid growth and uncontrolled spreading of water hyacinth in aquatic natural and urban niches, the conversion of this weed to value-added chemicals and biofuels leads to the reduction of pollution and greenhouse effect. The rate-limiting step of the conversion process is hydrolysis reaction of lignocellulosic biomass to sugars, which are subsequently converted to biochemicals and biofuels. To improve the enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency of water hyacinth, the organic acid pretreatments were conducted in this study by using two types of organic acids, including oxalic acid and citric acid. The pretreatment parameters, including pretreatment time, pretreatment temperature, and acid concentration were optimized by using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) based on Box-Behnken design. The highest reducing sugar concentration at 66.92 mg/100 mg-biomass was obtained when using oxalic acid pretreatment. The effects of organic acids on biogas and bioethanol production were observed compared to unpretreated water hyacinth. The biogas and bioethanol yields were increased for 75.61% and 23.26% when using citric acid and oxalic acid pretreatment, respectively. The improvement of biofuel production from water hyacinth by organic acid pretreatment suggested the possibility to applications and solutions in biorefinery industry and environmental situation.
Removal of malachite green toxicity using water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) biomass
Authors: Pinontoan R , Supandi M T , Andhika J , Sutanto M I , Victor H 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Malachite green (MG), a common synthetic dye that is used extensively in many industries including aquaculture, is highly toxic to cells. One of its metabolites, leucomalachite green, poses more toxic effects to cells compared to MG itself. Adsorption of this synthetic dye seems to be a promising method in removing dye without the formation of other harmful products. This study evaluated the potency of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) biomass of both root and leaf part of the plant in removing MG dye toxicity. Biomass from both root and leaf part of the plant showed high decolorization efficiency in less than 1 hour of incubation. Results from thin layer chromatography (TLC) analysis showed no formation of other degradation metabolites, implying the decolorization process that occurred was solely adsorption. Toxicity test towards Saccharomyces cerevisiae showed that water hyacinth biomass could reduce MG toxicity. Therefore, the root and leaf biomass collected from E. crassipes does have the potential to detoxify aqueous solution contaminated by MG.
Genome Sequencing of Pantoea agglomerans strain NC, isolated from peanut bacterial wilt nursery
Authors: Wang X Z , Tang Y Y , Wang Z W , Wu C Z , Chen J H , Wu Q , Wang C T 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Pantoea agglomerans was ubiquitous in nature and it has been identified as an effective microbial antagonist against fungal pathogens associated with several plants. Here, we report the draft genome sequence of P. agglomerans strain NC which was isolated from bacterial wilt infected peanut (Arachis hypogaea) in Nan Chang city of China.
Soil phosphorus changes in a grey desert soil in Xinjiang, China, using 31P nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
Authors: Wang B , Zhang X , Fu H , Liu H , Wang X H , Ma Y B 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
This study investigated the effects of different long-term fertilization regimes on the total phosphorus (TP) content and the phosphorus (P) composition of grey desert soil in Xinjiang, China, and clarified the variation in P content under different long-term fertilization regimes. Solution 31P nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (31P NMR) was used to analyze the variation in TP and P composition under different long-term fertilization regimes. The results showed that phosphate monoester was the major form of P and that no other forms of soil organic P (OP) were detected in grey desert soil, Xinjiang, China.
Plant community structure and species diversity in Lingang wetland park in Tianjin China
Authors: Liu H Q , Kan Y , Liu Y , Zhang W M , Shan H Y , Wang Y H , Liang F H , Liu X L 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Lingang wetland park is a newly built wetland park in Lingang district, Tianjin, China. The community composition, community structure, frequency of occurrence of arbor and shrub layer and dominant species of plant community in lingang wetland park were investigated. The results showed that the community of Lingang wetland park was mainly characterized by the structure of trees-shrubs-lawns, and the ratio of species and number of evergreen trees to deciduous trees was 2:15 and 1:23. Wetland park is rich in plant diversity, the dominance index at park's east gate and “qushuihuajing” were 0.8183 and 0.8152, which were far higher than other quadrants and the dominant species is golden elm. Among the tall trees, Ulmus pumila, Salix babylonica, Aureus locustae with the highest application frequency accounted for 23.8%. For shrubs, lonicera japonica, Euonymus japonicus and Lonicera maackii had the highest frequency of application. Festuca elata and Hemerocallis fulva had highest application frequency in lawns. They accounted for only 13.2% in herbs. It indicated that only several plants in the park have high frequencies.
Spatiotemporal variation of vegetation dynamics and correlations with climatic factors in the Tibetan Plateau, China
Authors: Fang Q L , Zhou L X , Zhu L P , Zhang X J , Yang J , Zhou J , Song W W , Yu X J , Luo Z H 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The Tibetan Plateau has been recognized as one of the most sensitive areas responding to climate change, and has becomes a hotspot for coupled studies on terrestrial ecosystem variation and climate change. Leaf area index (LAI) is a key indicator that reflects vegetation dynamics and has been widely used to analyze the responses of vegetation to climate change. In this study, the spatiotemporal variation of LAI in the growing season and its correlations with climatic factors were analyzed. The results showed that the spatial pattern of LAI decreased from southeast to northwest. In terms of the temporal trend of LAI, 85% of the total study area experienced an increased trend. Additionally, 74% of the whole plateau will experience an improved vegetation growth in the future. Furthermore, temperature, precipitation and solar radiation all showed positive correlations with LAI for most of the study area. Our results effectively revealed the variation of LAI and its correlations with climatic factors. However, grassland in the plateau have been shown to have a greater and more rapid response to climatic fluctuations. Therefore, more managements should be made by local governments to improve the fragile environment, especially for areas with a decreasing LAI trend.
Improvement of potato cultivation technology
Authors: Kalimullin M , Abdrakhmanov R , Andreev R , Semenov A , Vasilyev O , Zaitsev P , Arkhipov S 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Existing methods for assessing the economic efficiency of the system of machines and technological methods contain numerous similar indicators. The multifaceted nature of the problem, its dynamism also cannot be covered by a single criterion – the value of the reduced costs. A method of systematic research and analysis of the technological efficiency of the production process has been developed to improve the technological processes and technical means for potato cultivation and to achieve higher economic indicators of agricultural production development. A generalized criterion characterizing the efficiency of the working process as a whole, which can be used to evaluate various technological operations in the production of potatoes, is obtained. Various technological processes performed by the working bodies of combined and serial machines were analyzed to verify and confirm the effectiveness of the developed provisions. At the same time, vector quantity was adopted as the main criterion for the comparative evaluation of machines and technologies. As a result of the implementation of this method, a scientifically based technological map for the cultivation of environmentally safe potatoes is proposed. The complex of agricultural practices for the implementation of the proposed technology is selected taking into account soil and climatic conditions and is designed for the cultivation of potatoes with minimal labor and money. The use of technological operations, such as the distribution of straw rolls on the field with its incorporation into the soil, germination of seed potatoes tubers in the peat-mineral shell, inter-row processing with sprinkling of plants with soil, simultaneous removal of the tops by crushing in the process of harvesting combines can significantly reduce costs in the production of potatoes.
Biologically active additives, their effect on the egg production of geese, hatchability, and development of goslings
Authors: Alekseev I A , Semenov V G , Pastukhova T V , Obukhova A V , Kuznetsov A F , Sofronov V G , Volkov A Kh , Dimitrieva A I 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The prospects of goosewatch development are determined by several factors: goose meat contains 17.5-18.5% protein, 22-23% of fat, 0.9-1.0% of ash. Insufficient reflection of these issues in the husbandry industry, peasant farms determined the direction of our study – the study of the impact of "Pozitron-2 Air 1" artificial ozonizer on the microclimate of the plant growing geese and biologically active additives "Bacell", "Larikarvit" and "Sporobacterin" on the body of geese and gooslings. When performing research work, zoohygienic, hematological, biochemical, zootechnical, veterinary and sanitary, economic research methods using modern methods and instruments were used. The conducted studies had shown that 3-hour sessions of ozonation with the specified device at a dose of 0.02 m3 of ozonated air per 1 m3 of purified air of the room significantly changed the state of the microclimate in it for the better. Thus, the relative humidity in the room for growing gooslings after ozonation significantly decreased from 78.64±0.16 to 71.12±0.14%, that is, on average by 7.52% (P<0.05), ammonia concentration - by 22.73% (P<0.01), hydrogen sulfide – by 32.27% (P<0.01), carbon dioxide – by 18.18% (P<0.01), dust – by 60.56% (P<0.001), microorganisms – by 46.94% (P<0.01) (P < 0.001). These data indicated that the tested artificial ozonizer Pozitron-3 Air-1 improved and normalized the microclimate in the room for growing gooslings. When testing new dietary supplements, geese egg laying, hibernation hatching and hatchability were important indicators. The results of the study showed that egg production in geese of experimental groups, against the background of the use of dietary supplements "Larikarvit", "Bacell", "Sporobacterin", compared with analogues in the control of February – June was higher by an average of 6.44%, 7.49%, 6.64% (P<0.01). Among these experimental groups of birds, in comparison with intact birds, the highest egg production was in the second experimental group of gooslings, where the biologically active additive "Bacell" was used as part of the main diet, within 7.49% (P<0.01). As it is known, the output of young animals in goose breeding is determined by the number of viable, healthy gooslings, expressed as a percentage of the number of eggs laid in the incubator. The results showed that this important indicator in the application of dietary supplements in the diet of geese in experimental batches, compared with the control batch was significantly higher by 7.71, 10.31, 8.85 (P<0.05) percent.
Formation of yield and commodity qualities of potatoes, depending on the varietal characteristics
Authors: Voronov E V , Terekhova O B , Shashkarov L G , Mefodiev G A , Eliseeva L V , Filippova S V , Samarkin A A 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The article presents data on the study of the effect of varietal characteristics of potatoes on the formation of yield and quality of tubers. The aim of the work was to identify the best varieties of potatoes for cultivation in Nizhny Novgorod region. For conducting research, the following methods were used: experiments at cultivation, storage, use of potatoes, laboratory studies, tasting evaluation, and ranking. The effect of tuber damage by common scab and rhizoctoniosis on the safety of potato tubers was revealed. It had been established that all varieties of potatoes in conditions of highly cultivated sod-podzolic soils form a high yield of tubers. The maximum yield provides cultivation varieties Crystel and Sandrine. Crystel and Sandrine Varieties were characterized by a maximum yield of marketable tubers and weight per tuber. They also had the high starch content in tubers, the maximum tasting and overall assessment of tubers. It was noted that tubers of all varieties were slightly affected by common scab and rhizoctoniosis, which had a positive effect on their ability to work. To a lesser extent, these diseases affected the tubers of the varieties Crystel, Sandrine, and Serafina. The quality of these varieties was at the level of the standard.