bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trace Analysis by TXRF
Authors: Hockett R. S. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Total reflection X-Ray FKiorescence (TXRF) originally was developed for trace analysis of small residues but has become a widespread method for measuring trace surface metal contamination on semiconductor substrates. It is estimated that approximately 100 TXRF instruments are in use in the semiconductor industry worldwide, and approximately half that for residue analysis in analytical laboratories. TXRF instrumentation is available today for reaching detection limits of the order of 109 atoms/cm2. This review emphasizes some of the more recent developments in TXRF for trace analysis, in particular with the use of synchrotron x-ray sources (SR-TXRF). There is some promise of reaching 107 atoms/cm2 detection limits for surface analysis of semiconductor substrates.
Design of an X-Ray Fluorescence Sensor for the Cone Penetrometer
Authors: Elam W.T. , Gilfrich J. Y. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The cone penetrometer is a well-established method for exploring soil types whereby a smalldiameter pipe with a hardened cone tip is pushed hydraulically into the ground. The system can be equipped with sensors to detect soil contamination. We have investigated the development of an x-ray fluorescence (XRF) sensor to be deployed via this system.
The principal uncertainties in the application of XRF to metals detection in the cone penetrometer are the detection limits and the accuracy of a sensor built in such a confined geometry. A laboratory mock-up was constructed to investigate the performance of such a sensor. An x-ray tube operated at very low power was coupled to an electrically cooled Si(Li) detector. The x-ray path lengths were kept short and an aperture and incident x-ray filter similar to those appropriate for a penetrometer sensor were used.
Spectra were collected on a series of Standard Reference Material soils from the National Institute of Standards and Technology consisting of soils with various levels of metal contamination. The detection limits were determined for the metals present in the soils and were comparable to the solid waste regulatory limits. Quantitative measurements were compared to the NIST certified values both without matrix correction and using the fundamental parameters correction method. Results were generally within 10% of the certified values.
Specimen Preparation for X-Ray Fluorescence Analysis of Solutions
Authors: Eksperiandova L.E. , Spolnik Z.M. , Blank A.B. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Specimens for x-ray fluorescence analysis (XRFA) were prepared by adding dry gelatine (10%) to the analysis solution, homogenizing the mixture and cooling for 20 minutes. Thus, a compact resilient mass could be formed with the required shape and size; the roughness of the surface was determined by the roughness of the surface on which the specimen was formed, much the same as highly polished. Various calibration methods can be applied in the XRFA of a variety of materials if such specimens are used.
Patients with pulse-synchronous tinnitus should be suspected to have elevated cerebrospinal fluid pressure
Authors: Guo Ping , Sun Wenfang , Shi Suming , Wang Wuqing 
Published: July 2019

Objective This study was performed to evaluate the prevalence and clinical importance of elevated cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pressure among patients with pulse-synchronous tinnitus. Methods Nineteen patients underwent height and weight measurements, routine otologic examinations, ear computed tomography, brain magnetic resonance imaging, fundus examination, and tinnitus score assessment. We analyzed the data with Fisher’s exact test, the t-test, and Pearson’s correlation. Results The mean age of the 19 patients was 39.2 ± 8.1 years (range, 27–54 years), and the mean body mass index was 22.2 ± 1.6 kg/m2 (range, 19.9–24.6 kg/m2). The proportion of patients with elevated CSF pressure was 68%. No significant correlation between the severity of tinnitus and CSF pressure was found. Lumbar puncture and oral administration of diuretics resulted in significant improvement in tinnitus. Conclusions If detailed physical and imaging examinations fail to detect the definite cause of pulse-synchronous tinnitus, a routine lumbar puncture should be performed to measure the CSF pressure. Elevated CSF pressure should be suspected in patients with pulse-synchronous tinnitus.
Hubert Ingham Clements: A Pioneer of Australian Anaesthesia
Authors: Holland R. 
Published: July 2019

Hubert Ingham Clements was an inventor, designer and engineer who manufactured many pieces of apparatus for use in the scientific and medical practice, particularly in the field of anaesthesia from 1917 when he designed and manufactured suction pumps and anaesthetic machines. His products were ingenious, light and portable where desirable, but sturdy, extraordinarily reliable, of low maintenance and high performance. His contribution to the specialty of anaesthesia is acknowledged.
Home Fortification of Rice With Lime: A Novel Potential Way to Reduce Calcium Deficiency in Bangladesh
Authors: Naila Nurun Nahar , Mondal Prasenjit , Bromage Sabri , Islam M. Munirul , Huda M. Mamun , Shomik Mohammad Sohel , Mondal Dinesh , Fawzi Wafaie , Ahmed Tahmeed 
Published: July 2019

Background: In order to improve calcium status, fortified rice should have acceptable organoleptic properties of that food. Objective: We aimed to assess whether home fortification of rice with slaked lime can increase calcium content of rice and whether this fortified rice is well tolerated in a nutritionally at-risk population. Methods: This experimental study measured the calcium content of rice cooked with different concentration of lime and assessed the acceptability of fortified rice among 400 women and children. Each participant received fortified rice with one of five concentrations of lime (0, 2.5, 5, 7.5 or 10 gm per 500 gm of rice), with or without additional foods (lentil soup or fried green papaya). All participants were asked to score the organoleptic qualities on a hedonic scale. Results: Analysis showed that rice calcium content increased in a dose- response manner with increased lime during cooking (76.03, 205.58, 427.55, 614.29 and 811.23 mg/kg for given lime concentrations). Acceptability of the meal was greater when additional foods were served with rice at all lime concentrations. In both groups, the 7.5M arm reported highest overall acceptability (children, 6.25; women 6.10). This study found significant association between overall acceptability (different concentrations of lime mixed rice; with/without additional foods) and between groups (women vs. children) ( p value = < 0.001) where-as no association was found within groups. Conclusions: Lime-fortified rice can be feasible considering the calcium uptake of rice and organoleptic character. Further research on bioavailability can establish a solid foundation that will support design of an effective intervention to reduce calcium deficiency in this population.
A prospective, randomized clinical trial of transverse versus longitudinal incisions for trigger finger release
Authors: Kazmers Nikolas H. , Holt David , Tyser Andrew R. , Wang Angela , Hutchinson Douglas T. 
Published: July 2019

We investigated whether incision type affects scar quality or outcome following trigger finger release. Our primary and secondary hypotheses were that transverse and longitudinal incision types yield similar scar quality and functional improvement. Digits undergoing trigger finger release at the participating hospitals were randomized to receive transverse or longitudinal incisions. The Patient Scar Assessment Scale, Observer Scar Assessment Scale, and the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand score were collected at 8 and 54 weeks postoperatively. Of 86 randomized patients, 67 patients (71%) had followed-up at 54 weeks postoperatively. We found no significant differences in above three assessments between the incisions at either time-point. Among patients receiving both incision types for multiple simultaneous trigger finger release, there were no significant differences in Patient Scar Assessment Scale or Observer Scar Assessment Scale scores. We found no significant difference in the scar quality and improvement in patient-reported disability with transverse or longitudinal incisions for trigger finger release. Level of evidence: II
Clinical Indications of Computed Tomography (CT) of the Head in Patients With Low-Energy Geriatric Hip Fractures: A Follow-Up Study at a Community Hospital
Authors: Danielson Kris , Hall Teresa , Endres Terrence , Jones Clifford , Sietsema Deb 
Published: July 2019

Introduction: A seemingly large percentage of geriatric patients with isolated low-energy femur fractures undergo a head computed tomography (CT) scans during initial work up in the emergency department. This study aimed to evaluate the pertinent clinical variables that are associated with positive CT findings with the objective to decrease the number of unnecessary CT scans performed. Methods: A retrospective review performed at a level II trauma center including 713 patients over the age of 65 sustaining a femur fracture following a low-energy fall. The main outcome measure was pertinent clinical variables that are associated with CT scans that yielded positive findings. Results: A total of 713 patients over the age of 65 were included, with a low-energy fall, of which 76.2% (543/713) underwent a head CT scan as part of their evaluation. The most common presenting symptom reported was the patient hitting their head, 13% (93/713), and 1.8% (13/713) were unsure if they had hit their head. Of those evaluated with a head CT scan, only 3 (0.4%) had acute findings and none required acute neurosurgical intervention. All three patients with acute changes on the head CT scan had an Injury Severity Score (ISS) greater than 9, Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) less than 15, and evidence of trauma above the clavicles. Discussion: None of the patients with a traumatic injury required a neurosurgical intervention after sustaining a low-energy fall (0/713). Conclusion: Head CT scans should have a limited role in the workup of this patient population and should be reserved for patients with a history and physical exam findings that support head trauma, an ISS > 9 and GCS < 15.
Pink Ribbon (Les Rubans Roses) in Neubourg
Authors: Ruel Juliette 
Published: July 2019

One woman over eight contracts the breast cancer. The pink ribbon is an international symbol of breast cancer awareness. October is the international month of fight against the breast cancer. At this time, many associations organize almost every time different actions to raise awareness of the prevention and screening of breast cancer. This article is about one sport race in Le Neubourg, one town in Normandie (France) where the association lovingly supports this struggle and gathers people to fight this disease. This article focuses on the Marketing and organization point of view of this sportive event.
Triaje en Atención Primaria. ¿Mito o realidad?
Authors: Déniz Montesdeoca Omayra , Verona Suárez Leticia , Hernández Castellano Carmelo Javier 
Published: July 2019

Uno de los problemas actuales en los Servicios de Urgencias es la masificación y colapso debido al uso inadecuado de los mismos. En la isla de Gran Canaria, la valoración de la urgencia mediante triaje estructurado sólo se contempla en el ámbito hospitalario, siendo el criterio que establece los servicios de urgencias de Atención Primaria (SUAP) el “orden de llegada”.Objetivo general: Identificar la percepción por parte del personal sanitario sobre la utilidad y las barreras en la utilización de la herramienta actual de triaje por enfermería en los Servicios de Urgencias de los Centros de Salud de Atención Primaria de Gran Canaria.Diseño: Se realizó un estudio cualitativo participativo a través de grupos focales, formados por profesionales de medicina y enfermería de familia.Emplazamiento: Los grupos focales se constituyeron en marzo de 2018, en los CS Escaleritas y Cueva-torres.Participantes: Mediante captación oportunista, se realizaron con médicos y enfermeros con distinta experiencia en urgencias.Método: La técnica empleada fue la de grupo focal, realizando una grabación de lo comentado en los mismos.Resultados: Lo expresado por los profesionales se agrupó en cuatro apartados o temas, relacionados con el mal uso de los servicios de urgencias y de la instauración de un sistema de triaje en Atención Primaria, llevado a cabo por enfermería.Conclusiones: Los profesionales sanitarios consideran el triaje como una herramienta útil que mejoraría la calidad en la atención, destacando que las enfermeras están cualificadas para llevarlo a cabo.
The effect of firm size, financial ratios and cash flow on stock return
Authors: Yuliarti Atika , Diyani Lucia Ari 
Published: July 2019

Stocks are kinds of financial instruments with high returns that have high levels of uncertainty. Before decide to invest the investor needs to formulate the expected rate of return. Companies with good financial performance will increase the value of the company so that the company's stock price increases and stock return also increases. The purpose of this research was to determine the effect of Firm Size, Return On Equity, Market Book Ratio, Current Ratio, Cash Flow from Operating Activities, Cash Flow from Investing Activities and Cash Flow from Financing Activities to Stock Return. The object of research used were seven pharmaceutical industry companies listed in BEI period the 2011-2016 with multiple analysis methods. The results of this study indicate that partially Market Book Ratio has a significant positive effect on Stock Return and Cash Flow from Financing Activities has a significant negative effect on Stock Return while Firm Size, Return On Equity, Current Ratio Cash Flow from Operating and Â Investing Activities have no significant effect on Stock Return. All variables in this study simultaneously have a significant effect on Stock Return.
PENINGKATAN KINERJA SISTEM PROPULSI KAPAL PENANGKAP IKAN TRADISIONAL TYPE PURSEINE 30 SD 90 GT MENGGUNAKAN SISTIM PROPULSI HYBRID
Authors: Ridwan Mohd 
Published: July 2019

Mohd Ridwan, in this paper explain that traditional fishing vessels built in the shipyard of the people is a cultural heritage which needs to be conserved, and empowered through the application of ship science and technology to build fishing boats for fishermen of all types, shapes and sizes of ships, equipped with fishing technology. Repairs to the feasibility of traditional fishing vessels to sail like stability, ship construction needs to be done. Similarly, his case should be applied to ship propulsion technology that remained operational needs based on size of vessel forms and types of fishing vessels. The design of an appropriate propulsion can provide benefits in the form of operational cost savings by more than 10% through the use of hybrid propulsion systems. Hybrid propulsion system is a mix of main engine (motor fuel or gas fuel MDO) with electric motor and propeller to suit the use of hull form and ship propulsion systems (matching the propeller and engine) is at the core of this concept in this article and next to be research. Besides these traditional ship the product to be supported primarily by imposing government standards for a fishing vessel, for fishermen as users can easily calculate the economic value of investment will they planted in fishing effort at sea. Keywords : Fishing Boat Traditional, Hybrid Propulsion, Main Engine, Propeller, Operatinal Cost.
DESAIN AIRFOIL MENGGUNAKAN SOFTWARE CAEDIUM
Authors: Mangestiyono Wiji 
Published: July 2019

Wiji Mangestiyono, in paper airfoil design use caedium software explain that caedium and its add-ons combine to form an easy-to-use Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) software system that can help to assess the performance of 3D model. Using Caedium add-ons can create any 2D or 3D geometry or import geometry from another CAD package. Then simulate how a gas (e.g. air) or liquid (e.g. water) will flow over and through geometry. Caedium is simple to learn and efficient to use. Every body can study how the physics of its model changes over time or as modify the model in real time. Caedium's unified simulation environment makes it easy to change the model on the fly and quickly see the results of the changes. Keywords : Caedium, Airfoil, Computation Fluid Dynamics
PENILAIAN BUDAYA KESELAMATAN DENGAN METODE SCART (SAFETY CULTURE ASSESSMENT REVIEW TEAM) PADA BADAN PENGELOLA INSTALASI NUKLIR
Authors: Purwaningsih Ratna , Handayani Naniek Utami , Miranda Nurul 
Published: July 2019

Safety Culture Assesment Review Team (SCART) adalah metode untuk memberikan penilaian mandiri yang valid pada budaya keselamatan dalam organisasi yang mengelola instalasi yang memiliki potensi bahaya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat budaya keselamatan pada organisasi yang mengelola instalasi nuklir di Indonesia dengan menggunakan SCART, dan mengidentifikasi atribut atribut budaya keselamatan yang memerlukan perbaikan. SCART terdiri atas lima karakteristik budaya keselamatan yang dibentuk dari 37 atribut. Tiap atribut memiliki bobot kepentingan yang ditentukan dengan teknik AHP perbandingan berpasangan. Penilaian kondisi atribut oleh responden yang dipilih dengan purposive sampling. Kuisioner disusun pada penilaian skala likert 1 sampai 5. Hasil dari penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa implementasi budaya keselamatan meraih skor 626.77 menduduki peringkat C yang berarti “kinerja keselamatan di bawah ketentuan yang disyaratkan dan akan menyebabkan risiko pelanggaran terhadap kepatuhan persyaratan keselamatan”. Atribut budaya keselamatan yang memiliki nilai rendah diantaranya kurangnya kepercayaan antar bagian dalam organisasi, kurangnya kompetensi individu dan kurangnya kepatuhan terhadap peraturan. Maka perlu dilakukan upaya upaya untuk meningkatkan kondisi dari ketiga atribut tersebut dalam organisasi. Abstract The Safety Culture Assessment Review Team (SCART) is a method to provide independent assessments that apply to safety culture within organizations that operate potentially hazardous installations. This study aims to determine the level of safety culture in organization that operate nuclear installation in Indonesia by using SCART method, and identification of safety culture attributes that require improvement. SCART consists of five safety culture characteristics that are formed from 37 attributes. Each attribute has a weight of importance determined by pairwise comparison using AHP techniques. Respondents selected by purposive sampling. Questionnaire prepared on the likert scale 1 to 5. The results research conclude that the implementation of safety culture reached a score of 626.77 was ranked C class which means “Safety performance under the conditions required and will cause the risk of violation of compliance with safety requirements”. Safety culture attribute that has low value are lack of trust between the parts of the organization, lack of individual competence and lack of regulatory compliance. Therefore, efforts should be made to improve the conditions of these three attributes within the organization.Keywords: Safety Culture Assessment; SCART; safety characteristics; attributes
Verba Kompon Hajimeru, Dasu, Dan Kakeru Sebagai Penanda Aspek Inkoatif Bahasa Jepang
Authors: Rini Elizabeth Ika Hesti Aprilia Nindia 
Published: July 2019

(Title: Compound Verbs -Hajimeru, -Dasu, -Kakeru as An Inchoative Aspects Marker in Japanese Language) Compound verb -hajimeru, -dasu, and -kakeruare known as marker of inchoative aspects that express the beginning of a state. This study aims to describe the structure and meaning of the three compound verbs in order to be able to use the three markers of this aspect in the right situation. The method used in this research is descriptive method. As a result of the study it was found that the compound verb -hajimeru compound were used to express the beginning of an activity or event in general in Japanese; compound verb -dasu is used to express the beginning of an activity that occurs suddenly; while the compound verb -kakeru states that activity will begin in a moment, or states a moment after an activity begin .
“Tertawa” dalam Budaya Jawa: Sebuah Kajian Antropologi Bahasa
Authors: Supatra Hendarto 
Published: July 2019

Human being is the only God’s creation that can tertawa (laugh) and tersenyum (smile). People tertawa or tersenyum when they want to express their happiness, it is at least according to Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia (2011) or laugh according to The Macquarie Dictionary (1991). But sometime people also tertawa or tersenyum when they experience serious bad luck. Often people has no choise but tertawa or tersenyum as a way to show their feeling which they don’t think possible to express in verbal language. Tertawa and tersenyum phenomena are universal. But every language has their unique way to symbolize them. In Indonesian spoken by people with the Javanese culture as their background use severel words and phrases as the synonyms of tertawa to encode many difference experiences which are still with in the concept of tertawa. The goal of this research is to describe the form and behavior the word tertawa and all it’s synonyms and to find out the reasons behind the use of the words or people mean when they use the words. To get the goal fulfilled this research used linguistic anthropology, it’s theories and methods.
Kesantunan Pragmatik Buya Hamka dalam Refleksi Novel Ayah Karya Irfan Hamka
Authors: Tiani Riris 
Published: July 2019

Every one know Islamy person Buya Hamka. Buya said that politeness speech using not only to older people, but must begin from older people to younger’s one. Politeness speech also reflected leveling believed in God. The purpose of this study is to describe the form of courtesy speech Buya Hamka reflected in Irfan Hamka's novel AYAH. This research approach uses qualitative approach in Pragmatic study especially focuss on Politeness Pragmatics. Methods of data provision using the method refer to the technique of note, while the method of analysis using the contextual method with the theory Politeness Principle of Geoffrey Leech. The results of this study include a form of politeness consisting of two tact maxims, three generosity maxims, five sympathy maxims. Politeness principles has been formed on phares and sentences. Another result is nonlanguage factors which influence on Novel AYAH by Irfan Hamka using proverb in their speech.
Strategi Pragmatik dalam Penciptaan Humor di Televisi
Authors: Tiani Riris 
Published: July 2019

Humors function not only just entertain, but also has educated function viewer to think creative. This study aims to determine the pragmatic strategy in the creation of humor that aired on some Indonesian television. The research domain uses the assessment of the humorous theory of Asa Berger. The unit of analysis of this research are words, phrases, and sentences as verbal markers of speech humor. The results of research include misunderstanding techniques with idiom meaning of a word that raises a different meaning; The technique of deceiving by asking a question and a sentence indirectly outwits the other person, so the humorist looks smarter than his opponent; Mocking technique by directly criticizing the speaker because his speech sounds weird; And sound-playing techniques by replacing a phoneme in a word which then creates a different meaning.