bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Correlation between PNPLA3 rs738409 polymorphism and hepatocellular carcinoma: a meta-analysis of 10,330 subjects
Authors: Huang Zongsheng , Guo Xianwen , Zhang Guo , Liang Liexin , Nong Bing 
Published: March 2019

Purpose: The correlation between patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 3 ( PNPLA3) rs738409 polymorphism and hepatocellular carcinoma was investigated by several pilot studies, but the results of these studies were controversial. Therefore, we performed this study to better assess the relationship between PNPLA3 rs738409 polymorphism and the likelihood of hepatocellular carcinoma. Methods: Eligible studies were searched in PubMed, Medline, EMBASE, and Web of Science. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to assess the relationship between PNPLA3 rs738409 polymorphism and hepatocellular carcinoma. Results: A total of 17 studies with 10,330 participants were analyzed. A significant association with the likelihood of hepatocellular carcinoma was detected for the PNPLA3 rs738409 polymorphism in dominant ( P = 0.0001; OR 0.66; 95% CI 0.53, 0.82), recessive ( P < 0.0001; OR 2.32; 95% CI 1.76, 3.06) and allele ( P < 0.0001; OR 0.64; 95% CI 0.53, 0.77) comparisons. Further subgroup analyses revealed that the PNPLA3 rs738409 polymorphism was significantly associated with the likelihood of hepatocellular carcinoma in Caucasians (dominant model: P < 0.0001, OR 0.57, 95% CI 0.45, 0.71; recessive model: P < 0.0001, OR 2.74, 95% CI 2.02, 3.71; allele model: P < 0.0001, OR 0.56, 95% CI 0.46, 0.67). However, no positive results were detected in Asians. Conclusions: Our findings indicated that the PNPLA3 rs738409 polymorphism may serve as a potential biological marker of hepatocellular carcinoma in Caucasians.
Associated measurement of fucosylated levels of AFP, DCP, and GPC3 for early diagnosis in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Wu Min , Liu Zhaobo , Zhang Aiying , Li Ning 
Published: March 2019

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma is a serious health problem worldwide, especially in Asian countries, such as China. However, there are difficulties in diagnosing and treating hepatocellular carcinoma. The alteration of fucosylated proteins was closely associated with carcinogenesis. This study is designed to evaluate the early diagnostic value of associated detection of fucosylated alpha-fetoprotein (fuc-AFP), fucosylated des-γ-carboxy prothrombin (fuc-DCP), and fucosylated glypican 3 (fuc-GPC3) in hepatocellular carcinoma. Methods: All serum specimens collected from patients were diagnosed by complete clinicopathological examination and then subjected to the associated detection of fuc-AFP, fuc-DCP, and fuc-GPC3 by protein microarray. Canonical discriminant analysis was adopted to discriminate between the hepatocellular carcinoma group and the benign liver disease group. Results: A total of 51 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and 47 patients in the benign liver disease group were included in this study. Fuc-AFP, fuc-DCP, and fuc-GPC3 were significantly higher in the hepatocellular carcinoma group than in the benign liver disease group. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of canonical discriminant analysis classification were 80.4%, 97.9%, and 88.8%, respectively. Conclusions: Fuc-AFP, fuc-DCP, and fuc-GPC3 are effective and useful tumor biomarkers. Associated measurement of these biomarkers with canonical discriminant analysis classification is a promising method for the early diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma.
β-Arrestin-1 expression and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in laryngeal carcinoma
Authors: Marioni Gino , Nicolè Lorenzo , Cappellesso Rocco , Marchese-Ragona Rosario , Fasanaro Elena , Di Carlo Roberto , La Torre Fabio Biagio , Nardello Ennio , Sanavia Tiziana , Ottaviano Giancarlo , Fassina Ambrogio 
Published: March 2019

Aim: The novel primary end-point of the present study was to ascertain β-arrestin-1 expression in a cohort of consecutive patients with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) with information available on their cigarette-smoking habits. A secondary end-point was to conduct a preliminary clinical and pathological investigation into the possible role of β-arrestin-1 in the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), identified by testing for E-cadherin, Zeb1, and Zeb2 expression, in the setting of LSCC. Methods: The expression of β-arrestin-1, E-cadherin, zeb1, and zeb2 was ascertained in 20 consecutive LSCCs. Results: Statistical analysis showed no significant associations between β-arrestin-1 and EMT (based on the expression of E-cadherin, Zeb1, and Zeb2). The combined effect of nicotine and β-arrestin-1 was significantly associated with a shorter disease-free survival ( P=0.01) in our series of LSCC. This latter result was also confirmed in an independent, publicly available LSCC cohort ( P=0.047). Conclusions: Further investigations on larger series (ideally in prospective settings) are needed before we can consider closer follow-up protocols and/or more aggressive treatments for patients with LSCC and a combination of nicotine exposure and β-arrestin-1 positivity in tumor cells at the time of their diagnosis. Further studies on how β-arrestin functions in cancer via different signaling pathways might reveal potential targets for the treatment of even advanced laryngeal malignancies.
Clinicopathological and prognostic significance of metastasis-associated in colon cancer-1 in gastric cancer: A meta-analysis
Authors: Jin Yan , Zhou Kun , Zhao Wenjing , Han Rongbo , Huo Xinying , Yang Fen , Chen Jinfei 
Published: March 2019

Background: The gene metastasis-associated in colon cancer-1 (MACC1) has been reported to be overexpressed in diverse human malignancies, and an increasing amount of evidence suggests that its overexpression is associated with the development and progression of many human tumors. However, the prognostic and clinicopathological value of MACC1 in gastric cancer remains inconclusive. Therefore, we conducted this meta-analysis to investigate the effect of positive MACC1 expression on clinicopathological features and survival outcomes in gastric cancer. Methods: Medline, Web of Science, and EMBASE databases were searched for relevant articles published up to 10 April 2018. The correlation of MACC1 expression levels with overall survival and clinicopathological features was analyzed. Results: In this meta-analysis, nine studies with a total of 2103 gastric cancer patients were included. Our results showed that high expression of MACC1 was significantly related to a poor overall survival. Moreover, our meta-analysis showed that MACC1 overexpression was significantly linked to distant metastasis and vascular invasion. There were no significant correlations between positive MACC1 expression and gender, localization, tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stage, tumor extent (T stage) and lymph node involvement (N stage) Conclusions: MACC1 expression levels can serve as a novel prognostic factor in gastric cancer patients.
Expression of long intergenic non-coding RNA, regulator of reprogramming, and its prognostic value in patients with glioblastoma
Authors: Toraih Eman A. , El-Wazir Aya , Hussein Mohammad H. , Khashana Moataz S. , Matter Amgad , Fawzy Manal S. , Hosny Somaya 
Published: March 2019

Background: Long intergenic non-coding RNA, regulator of reprogramming ( LINC-ROR) is a newly identified cytoplasmic long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), which has been found to be dysregulated in different cancers. The present work aimed to quantify LINC-ROR expression profile and assess the tumor proteins p53 and caspase 3 expressions in glioblastoma tissue specimens compared to non-cancer tissues, and to correlate these expression levels with the available clinicopathological and survival data. Methods: LINC-ROR relative expression in 57 glioblastoma cancer tissues and 10 non-cancer tissues was quantified by real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). In addition, methylation-specific PCR of O-6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase ( MGMT) promoter and immunohistochemical expression of apoptosis related proteins: p53 and caspase 3 were performed. Results: The up-regulation of LINC-ROR was encountered in 89.5% of patients. The higher expression of LINC-ROR was associated with poor disease progression-free and overall survival as well as a younger age of patients ( P=0.036). p53 protein was expressed only in glioblastoma but not in non-cancer tissues while caspase 3 was weakly expressed in most non-cancer tissues and in varying degrees in glioblastoma (24% weak, 30% moderate, and 16% strong expression). The Kaplan–Meier survival plot illustrated poor survival in glioblastoma patients with over-expressed LINC-ROR ( P=0.010) and down-regulated p53 ( P=0.002). Multivariate analysis showed that glioblastoma patients were clustered into two distinct groups based on LINC-ROR expression profile, p53 staining levels and patients’ overall survival. Conclusions: LINC-ROR up-regulation may have a role in glioblastoma tumorigenesis and could be a potential prognostic marker for this fatal disease.
Insulin-Based Infusion System: Advancing the Development
Authors: Hashemi Nasseh , Valk Tim , Houlind Kim , Ejskjaer Niels 
Published: March 2019

Background: Deviations in glucose control in critical care have been shown to increase mortality and morbidity. However, optimal glucose control through present technologies has shown to be a challenge. The insulin balanced infusion system (IBIS) is a new and emerging technology. Methods: The closed loop system was tested in a stress trial to evaluate glucose stability in response to various conditions in nonrandomized people with type 1 diabetes mellitus (n=12). The prototype used in this trial was based on intermittent capillary measurements. Results: Induced stresses in the study using unpredicted stimuli of intravenous or oral glucose and intravenous insulin boluses, was contained with glucose remaining in target 43.8% of the time. Mean increase in glucose concentration after glucose load was 17.4 mg/dl; after insulin bolus, no hypoglycemia (blood glucose less than 70 mg/dl) occurred. Conclusion: The use of IBIS proved safe and feasible under a wide range of conditions. The sensing and stress response of the IBIS demonstrated noticeable features.
CGM Benefits and Burdens: Two Brief Measures of Continuous Glucose Monitoring
Authors: Messer Laurel H. , Cook Paul F. , Tanenbaum Molly L. , Hanes Sarah , Driscoll Kimberly A. , Hood Korey K. 
Published: March 2019

Background: Continuous glucose monitors (CGM) are underutilized by individuals with type 1 diabetes (T1D), particularly during the adolescent years. Little is known about perceptions of CGM benefit and burdens, and few tools exist to quantify this information. Methods: Two questionnaires were developed and validated—Benefit of CGM (BenCGM) and Burdens of CGM (BurCGM)—in a sample of adolescents ages 12-19 years involved in the T1D Exchange Registry. We chose to start the validation process with adolescents given their low CGM uptake and high risk for suboptimal glycemic outcomes. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were conducted to confirm factor structure and select items. The resultant scales were tested for internal reliability and convergent/divergent validity with critical diabetes and quality of life outcomes: age, depression, diabetes distress, self-efficacy, technology attitudes, and diabetes technology attitudes. Results: A total of 431 adolescents with T1D completed the questionnaires (51% female, mean age 16.3 ± 2.26, 83% white non-Hispanic, 70% having used CGM). Two single factor scales emerged, and scales were reduced to 8 items each. Those who perceived higher benefit of CGM exhibited lower diabetes distress, higher self-efficacy, and more positive attitudes toward technology. Those who perceived higher burden of CGM exhibited higher diabetes distress, lower self-efficacy, and less positive technology attitudes. Conclusion: The BenCGM and BurCGM questionnaires each comprise 8-items that demonstrate robust psychometric properties for use in adolescents with T1D, and can be used to develop targeted interventions to increase CGM wear to improve diabetes management.
Mitochondrial dysfunction in adults after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest
Authors: Wiberg Sebastian , Stride Nis , Bro-Jeppesen John , Holmberg Mathias J , Kjærgaard Jesper , Larsen Steen , Donnino Michael W , Hassager Christian , Dela Flemming 
Published: March 2019

Background:
While preclinical studies suggest that mitochondria play a pivotal role in ischaemia–reperfusion injury, the knowledge of mitochondrial function in human out-of-hospital cardiac arrest remains scarce. The present study sought to compare oxidative phosphorylation capacity in skeletal muscle biopsies from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients to healthy controls.

Methods:
This was a substudy of a randomised trial comparing targeted temperature management at 33°C versus 36°C for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients. Skeletal muscle biopsies were obtained from adult resuscitated comatose out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients 28 hours after initiation of targeted temperature management, i.e. at target temperature prior to rewarming, and from age-matched healthy controls. Mitochondrial function was analysed by high-resolution respirometry. Maximal sustained respiration through complex I, maximal coupled respiration through complex I and complex II and maximal electron transport system capacity was compared.

Results:
A total of 20 out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients and 21 controls were included in the analysis. We found no difference in mitochondrial function between temperature allocations. We found no difference in complex I sustained respiration between out-of-hospital cardiac arrest and controls (23 (18–26) vs. 22 (19–26) pmol O2/mg/s, P=0.76), whereas coupled complex I and complex II respiration was significantly lower in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients versus controls (53 (42–59) vs. 64 (54–68) pmol O2/mg/s, P=0.01). Furthermore, electron transport system capacity was lower in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest versus controls (63 (51–69) vs. 73 (66–78) pmol O2/mg/s, P=0.005).

Conclusions:
Mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation capacity in skeletal muscle biopsies was reduced in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients undergoing targeted temperature management compared to age-matched, healthy controls. The role of mitochondria as risk markers and potential targets for post-resuscitation care remains unknown.
Healthcare providers’ knowledge, readiness, prescribing behaviors, and perceived barriers regarding routine HIV testing and pre-exposure prophylaxis in DeLand, Florida
Authors: Gunn Laura H , Janson Brittani , Lorjuste Ismode , Summers Lindsay , Burns Paula , Bryant Thomas 
Published: March 2019

Objectives: Florida ranks highest in the United States among newly diagnosed HIV infections. This ranking reflects the need for investigation of healthcare providers’ knowledge, readiness, prescribing behaviors, and perceived barriers to routine HIV testing and pre-exposure prophylaxis. Methods: We adapted national questionnaires with questions co-developed with Florida Department of Health to form a 25-item instrument. Questionnaires were distributed to the population of eligible healthcare providers in DeLand, Florida. Results: Results from an approximate 20% response rate that encompasses 12 providers demonstrate baseline findings to inform future studies. For example, 75% of respondents were aware of FL Administrative Code 64D-3.042 that pregnant women should receive HIV testing during first and third trimesters. However, 50% of respondents rarely or never offer tests to pregnant women according to practice guidelines. About 75% of respondents strongly agree or agree with willingness to prescribe pre-exposure prophylaxis to high-risk patients, yet 8.3% always or very often prescribe pre-exposure prophylaxis. Conclusions: Results convey the importance of and need for greater collaboration between providers and the Florida Department of Health to enhance providers’ knowledge, readiness, and, ultimately, behaviors regarding routine HIV testing and pre-exposure prophylaxis prescription.
Palliative Management of Nonoperative Femoral Neck Fractures With Continuous Peripheral Indwelling Catheters: Case–Control Series
Authors: Rashidifard Christopher H. , Romeo Nicholas , Richardson Mark , Muccino Paul , DiPasquale Thomas , Bush Chelsea M. 
Published: March 2019

Introduction: This case–control study evaluates the success of indwelling pain catheters in nonoperatively treated femoral neck fractures (FNFs) for end-of-life pain management. Methods: Patients older than 65 years with nonoperatively treated FNFs were retrospectively identified at a level 1 trauma center between March 2012 and September 2015. Twenty-three received indwelling continuous peripheral pain catheters (experimental) and 10 received traditional pain control modalities (control). Pain scores 24 hours before/after pain management interventions, ambulation status at admission and discharge, mortality at 30 days/1 year, and length of hospital stay (LOS) were compared between treatment groups. Results: The experimental and control groups were similar with respect to demographics, differing only in pre-fracture ambulatory status ( P = .03). The 30-day mortality was 52% versus 50% (odds ratio, OR: 1.1 [95% confidence interval, CI: 0.25-4.82], P = .99) and 1-year mortality was 87% versus 80% (OR: 1.67 [95% CI: 0.23-11.9], P = .63) for experimental and control groups, respectively. The LOS did not statistically significantly differ for experimental and control groups (5.3 ± 3.56 days vs 3.8 ± 1.81 days, P = .15), respectively. The experimental group experienced twice the improvement in ambulation status (1.0 ± 0.56 vs 0.5 ± 0.71, P = 0.03) and greater improvement in pain scores (4.5 ± 2.19 vs 1.2 ± 2.72, P = .002). Discussion: Operative management of FNFs may not be indicated in patients with advanced age and comorbidities. Regardless, these patients require pain palliation and early mobilization while minimizing hospital LOS and opiate consumption. Conclusion: This case–control study demonstrates significant improvement in both pain level and ambulatory status for patients treated with indwelling continuous peripheral catheters. Future studies should further evaluate with a larger sample size; however, this study provides an excellent launching point for palliative management of this complex population.
Does Previous Hip Arthroscopy Affect the Clinical Outcomes of Total Hip Arthroplasty?
Authors: Haynes Jacob A. , Xiong Ao , Nepple Jeffrey J. , An Tonya , Nunley Ryan M. , Clohisy John C. 
Published: March 2019

Background: Failure of hip arthroscopy procedures and the need for subsequent total hip arthroplasty (THA) have been estimated to be as high as 16%. Prior literature has shown that failed ipsilateral knee arthroscopy may have a negative impact on the functional outcome of subsequent total knee arthroplasty. To date, there is limited information regarding the impact of failed hip arthroscopy on the clinical outcomes of subsequent primary THA. Purpose: To compare clinical outcomes in primary THA between patients with and without prior arthroscopic hip surgery. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Patients undergoing primary THA with a history of ipsilateral hip arthroscopy were matched and compared in a 1:2 manner with patients undergoing primary THA without a history of hip arthroscopy. Patient-reported clinical outcomes were measured with the modified Harris Hip Score, the University of California–Los Angeles Activity Score, and 3 subscales from the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (Pain, Stiffness, and Physical Function). Results: At a mean follow-up of 42 months, there was no significant difference in any of the outcome measures between the 58 study hips and 116 matched controls. Additionally, both groups exhibited an absolute change in outcome scores that exceeded the minimum clinically important difference. Conclusion: Prior ipsilateral arthroscopic hip surgery does not adversely affect the clinical outcome of subsequent THA.
Patients’ Experiences of Nurse Case-Managed Osteoporosis Care: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Wozniak Lisa A , Rowe Brian H , Ingstrup Meghan , Johnson Jeffrey A , McAlister Finlay A , Bellerose Debbie , Beaupre Lauren A , Majumdar Sumit R 
Published: March 2019

Background: Osteoporosis is a chronic condition that is often left untreated. Nurse case-managers can double rates of appropriate treatment in those with new fractures. However, little is known about patients’ experiences of a nurse case-managed approach to osteoporosis care. Objective: Our aim was to describe patients’ experiences of nurse case-managed osteoporosis care. Methods: A qualitative, descriptive design was used. We recruited patients enrolled in a randomized controlled trial of a nurse case-management approach. Individual semi-structured interviews were conducted which were transcribed and analyzed using content analysis. Data were managed with ATLAS.ti version 7. Results: We interviewed 15 female case-managed patients. Most (60%) were 60-years or older, 27% had previous fracture, 80% had low bone mineral density tests, and 87% had good osteoporosis knowledge. Three major themes emerged from our analysis: acceptable information to inform decision-making; reasonable and accessible care provided; and appropriate information to meet patient needs. Conclusions: This study provides important insights about older female patients’ experiences with nurse case-managed care for osteoporosis. Our findings suggest that this model to osteoporosis clinical care should be sustained and expanded in this setting, if proven effective. In addition, our findings point to the importance of applying patient-centered care across all dimensions of quality to better enhance the patients’ experience of their health care.
A retrospective analysis of two tertiary care dizziness clinics: A multidisciplinary chronic dizziness clinic and an acute dizziness clinic
Authors: Staibano Phillip , Lelli Daniel , Tse Darren 
Published: March 2019

Background Vertigo remains a diagnostic challenge for primary care, emergency, and specialist physicians. Multidisciplinary clinics are increasingly being employed to diagnose and manage patients with dizziness. We describe, for the first time in Canada, the clinical characteristics of patients presenting with chronic and acute dizziness to both a multidisciplinary chronic dizziness clinic (MDC) and a rapid access dizziness (RAD) clinic at The Ottawa Hospital (TOH). Methods We performed a retrospective review of all patients presenting to the MDC and RAD clinics at TOH from July 2015 to August 2017. Results Overall, 211 patients (median age: 61 years old) presented to the RAD clinic and 292 patients (median age: 55 years old) presented to the MDC. In the RAD clinic, 63% of patients had peripheral dizziness, of which 55% had BPPV, and only one patient had functional dizziness. Interestingly, only 25% of RAD diagnoses were concordant with emergency department diagnoses; moreover, only 33% of RAD patients had HiNTS completed, while 44% had CT scans, of which only one scan had an abnormal finding. Prior to assessment, all patients in the MDC had an unclear cause of dizziness. 28% of patients had vestibular dizziness and 21% had functional dizziness, of which 43% had persistent postural perceptual dizziness. Moreover, 12% of patients with functional dizziness also suffered from comorbid severe anxiety and depression. Conclusions Dizziness is a heterogeneous disorder that necessitates multidisciplinary care, and clinics targeting both the acute and chronic setting can improve diagnostic accuracy, ensure appropriate diagnostic testing, and facilitate effective care plans for patients with dizziness.