bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Shopping channel preference and usage motivations
Authors: Boardman Rosy , McCormick Helen 
Published: April 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to provide a greater understanding of why and how different ages use shopping channels, analysing preferences and motivations for use.

Design/methodology/approach
Qualitative in-depth interviews were conducted with a sample of 50 female participants, aged 20-70. All were customers of a fashion retailer that has ecommerce and mcommerce platforms, stores and catalogues, in order to gain a better understanding of loyal consumers’ multi-channel behaviour.

Findings
Multi-channel shopping behaviour increased with age; the 20s did not engage in multi-channel shopping behaviour but viewed each channel as a separate entity. Mcommerce is the preferred shopping channel for the 20s, but its popularity and motivations to use decreases with age. Ecommerce is the most popular shopping channel due to convenience, selection, adventure/exploration and idea shopping. The physical store was the preferred channel for the 60+, who shopped there for convenience and enjoyment. Catalogues were seen as out-dated and no longer considered a transactional channel.

Originality/value
There are no previous studies that have investigated channel preferences and motivations across a 50-year age span using loyal customers. The majority of previous studies looking at multi-channel shopping behaviour are quantitative and so this qualitative enquiry provides a richer insight into reasons for consumer preferences and motivations. The study contributes novel findings to the literature as it shows that multi-channel shopping behaviour increases with age, and younger consumers (20s) are not partaking in it at all.
Psychosocial approaches for individuals with schizophrenia in correctional and forensic psychiatric settings: a rapid review
Authors: Dumont Mathieu , Thériault Joanie , Briand Catherine , Dumais Alexandre , Potvin Stéphane 
Published: April 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to identify the psychosocial approaches that have been studied and for which positive outcomes have been reported for individuals with schizophrenia in correctional and forensic psychiatric settings.Design/methodology/approachA rapid review of the literature was undertaken. A search was conducted on MEDLINE and PsycNET electronic databases. Each identified approach was analyzed to define their types and components.FindingsIn total, 24 studies pertaining to 18 different psychosocial approaches were identified. Half of the studies used a quasi-experimental design with control group. Most frequent outcomes reported were improvements in knowledge about illness and problem solving. Seven studies reported positive outcomes related to issues more specific to this population (violence, aggression, and recidivism). Approaches associated with these studies used mainly traditional cognitive behavior therapy and cognitive remediation. The focus was on neurocognition, social cognition, social skills, emotion management and problem solving.Practical implicationsThis rapid review may enlighten clinical settings on psychosocial approaches for which positive outcomes have been reported with individuals with schizophrenia in correctional and forensic psychiatric settings. The picture obtained supports the idea of using integrated rehabilitation approaches that cover the aforementioned intervention focuses with this population.Originality/valueA significant contribution of the rapid review is based on the analysis of the psychosocial approaches identified. This process offers a closer look at the nature and content of the approaches used according to the outcomes reported.
Mentoring trainee psychologists: learning from lived experience
Authors: Prytherch Hannah , Lea Laura , Richardson Matthew 
Published: April 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine service-users’ experiences of mentoring trainee clinical psychologists as part of an involvement initiative on a doctoral training course.

Design/methodology/approach
Seven service-users were paired with trainee clinical psychologists. Pairs met for one hour monthly over six months. Meetings were unstructured, lacked a formal agenda and were not evaluated academically. All seven mentors were interviewed. They were asked about positive and negative experiences, as well as about the support provided. Transcripts were subject to thematic analysis and themes were reviewed by mentors in a follow-up meeting.

Findings
Overall, the results demonstrate that service-users can be involved in training in a way that they find meaningful and contribute to their recovery. Seven themes were identified: giving hope and optimism; making a difference; personal and professional development; the process; practicalities/logistics; support (positives); and support (areas for improvement).

Practical implications
The importance of designing involvement initiatives in a way which implicitly supports service-user values was highlighted. Recommendations for designing effective support structures are given. The authors were also involved in the scheme which could have introduced bias.

Originality/value
The research exploring service-users’ experiences of involvement in training health professionals is limited. This was the first study to explore in depth service-users’ perspectives of involvement in a scheme such as the mentoring scheme. If initiatives are to seriously embrace the values of the service-user movement then seeking service-users’ perspectives is vital.
The “left side” of authentic leadership: contributions of climate and psychological capital
Authors: Petersen Karl , Youssef-Morgan Carolyn M. 
Published: April 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine the individual and contextual antecedents of authentic leadership (AL) proposed in the authentic leadership development (ALD) theory.

Design/methodology/approach
Survey data were collected from 74 leaders from two Midwestern organizations. Surveys were used to collect AL, psychological capital (PsyCap), and psychological climate data. Hierarchical regression was used to analyze the data.

Findings
Results support PsyCap, and to a lesser extent psychological climate, as antecedents of AL. Organizations that desire to increase leader authenticity and realize its many favorable outcomes should emphasize the development of leaders’ PsyCap hope, efficacy, resilience, and optimism.

Originality/value
This was the first study to examine the antecedents of AL, which can be personal (PsyCap) or contextual (psychological climate).
Influence of processing on surface morphology and specific surface area for the nickel foam made by electrodeposition
Authors: Chen B. , Liu Peisheng , Chen J.H. 
Published: April 2018

Purpose
With the nickel foam made by the technique of electrodeposition on polymer foam, the purpose of this paper is to investigate the influence of several deferent processes on the surface morphology and the specific surface area of this porous product.

Design/methodology/approach
The surface morphologies of the nickel foam were examined by SEM. The specific surface area of the porous product was measured by gas (N2) permeability method and also calculated by the reported formula.

Findings
The nickel foam from sintering in NH3 decomposition atmosphere at 850°C will achieve the same specific surface area as that at 980°C, whether this porous structure after electrodeposition comes through direct sintering in NH3 decomposition atmosphere, or through burning in air at 600°C for 4 min beforehand then the same reductive sintering.

Originality/value
There have been some studies on the preparation and application of nickel foam, but few works focus on the processing influence on the specific surface of this porous product. The present work provides the investigations on the difference of the product made under different producing conditions, and the influence of several deferent processes on the specific surface area of the product.
Diagnostic criteria, severity classification and guidelines of systemic sclerosis
Authors: Asano Yoshihide , Jinnin Masatoshi , Kawaguchi Yasushi , Kuwana Masataka , Goto Daisuke , Sato Shinichi , Takehara Kazuhiko , Hatano Masaru , Fujimoto Manabu , Mugii Naoki , Ihn Hironobu 
Published: April 2018

AbstractSeveral effective drugs have been identified for the treatment of systemic sclerosis (SSc). However, in advanced cases, not only their effectiveness is reduced but they may be also harmful due to their side‐effects. Therefore, early diagnosis and early treatment is most important for the treatment of SSc. We established diagnostic criteria for SSc in 2003 and early diagnostic criteria for SSc in 2011, for the purpose of developing evaluation of each organ in SSc. Moreover, in November 2013, the American College of Rheumatology and the European Rheumatology Association jointly developed new diagnostic criteria for increasing their sensitivity and specificity, so we revised our diagnostic criteria and severity classification of SSc. Furthermore, we have revised the clinical guideline based on the newest evidence. In particular, the clinical guideline was established by clinical questions based on evidence‐based medicine according to the New Minds Clinical Practice Guideline Creation Manual (version 1.0). We aimed to make the guideline easy to use and reliable based on the newest evidence, and to present guidance as specific as possible for various clinical problems in treatment of SSc.
Case of probable spontaneous regression of Merkel cell carcinoma combined with squamous cell carcinoma without surgical intervention
Authors: Nagase Kotaro , Inoue Takuya , Koba Shinichi , Narisawa Yutaka 
Published: April 2018

AbstractMerkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare but more lethal cutaneous cancer than melanoma. However, spontaneous regression of a number of MCC has been reported, although the cause of this regression remains unclear. In most cases, MCC regresses after a surgical procedure, for example, biopsy. Herein, we report a case of Merkel cell polyomavirus‐negative MCC coincident with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) that underwent true spontaneous regression without biopsy. One month after the patient's first visit, clinical examination revealed that the tumor had not grown, but its surface showed changes in texture and color. Histopathologically, the excised specimen was indicative of MCC coincident with SCC and showed extensive necrosis in the upper portion of the tumor, numerous caspase‐3‐positive apoptotic cells, an accumulation of CD68‐positive foam cells and vascular invasion. These findings suggested that the tumor had regressed. We hypothesize that extensive coagulative necrosis resulting from an insufficient local blood supply triggered the shedding of some products or components of MCC and SCC, which in turn induced antitumor immunity against both lesions.
Tuberculosis: Smart manipulation of a lethal host
Authors: Chaurasiya Shivendra K. 
Published: April 2018

ABSTRACTTuberculosis (TB) caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis remains a global threat to human health. Development of drug resistance and co‐infection with HIV has increased the morbidity and mortality caused by TB. Macrophages serve as primary defense against microbial infections, including TB. Upon recognition and uptake of mycobacteria, macrophages initiate a series of events designed to lead to generation of effective immune responses and clearance of infection. However, pathogenic mycobacteria utilize multiple mechanisms for manipulating macrophage responses to protect itself from being killed and to survive within these cells that are designed to kill them. The outcomes of mycobacterial infection are determined by several host‐ and pathogen‐related factors. Significant advancements in understanding mycobacterial pathogenesis have been made in recent years. In this review, some of the important factors/mechanisms regulating mycobacterial survival inside macrophages are discussed.
Optimists or realists? How ants allocate resources in making reproductive investments
Authors: Enzmann Brittany L. , Nonacs Peter 
Published: April 2018

Abstract

Parents often face an investment trade‐off between either producing many small or fewer large offspring. When environments vary predictably, the fittest parental solution matches available resources by varying only number of offspring and never optimal individual size. However when mismatches occur often between parental expectations and true resource levels, dynamic models like multifaceted parental investment (MFPI) and parental optimism (PO) both predict offspring size can vary significantly. MFPI is a “realist” strategy: parents assume future environments of average richness. When resources exceed expectations and it is too late to add more offspring, the best‐case solution increases investment per individual. Brood size distributions therefore track the degree of mismatch from right‐skewed around an optimal size (slight underestimation of resources) to left‐skewed around a maximal size (gross underestimation). Conversely, PO is an “optimist” strategy: parents assume maximally good resource futures and match numbers to that situation. Normal or lean years do not affect “core” brood as costs primarily fall on excess “marginal” siblings who die or experience stunted growth (producing left‐skewed distributions).

Investment patterns supportive of both MFPI and PO models have been observed in nature, but studies that directly manipulate food resources to test predictions are lacking. Ant colonies produce many offspring per reproductive cycle and are amenable to experimental manipulation in ways that can differentiate between MFPI and PO investment strategies.

Colonies in a natural population of a harvester ant (Pogonomyrmex salinus) were protein‐supplemented over 2 years, and mature sexual offspring were collected annually prior to their nuptial flight.

Several results support either MFPI or PO in terms of patterns in offspring size distributions and how protein differentially affected male and female production. Unpredicted by either model, however, is that supplementation affected distributions more strongly across years than within (e.g., small females are significantly rarer in the year after colonies receive protein).

Parental investment strategies in P. salinus vary dynamically across years and conditions. Finding that past conditions can more strongly affect reproductive decisions than current ones, however, is not addressed by models of parental investment.
Retrospective analysis of a classical biological control programme
Authors: Naranjo Steven E. 
Published: April 2018

Abstract

Classical biological control has been a key technology in the management of invasive arthropod pests globally for over 120 years, yet rigorous quantitative evaluations of programme success or failure are rare. Here, I used life table and matrix model analyses, and life table response experiments to quantitatively assess a classical biological control programme for an invasive insect pest in the western United States.

Life tables and matrix models were developed for populations of Bemisia tabaci (sweetpotato whitefly) on cotton in Arizona before (1997–1999) and after (2001–2010) the permanent establishment of two exotic aphelinid parasitoids. Analyses tested multiple hypotheses relative to the expected outcome of a successful programme.

Marginal rates of parasitism, rates of irreplaceable mortality from parasitism, total generational mortality and finite population growth (λ) were unchanged for B. tabaci populations before and after exotic parasitoid establishment. Prospective analyses showed that predation during the final nymphal stadium had the greatest influence on population growth rates regardless of parasitoid establishment. Retrospective LTREs showed that predation and unknown mortality contributed most to changes in λ after parasitoid establishment.

Marginal parasitism acted weakly in a direct density dependence fashion after parasitoid establishment, and for all 14 years combined. However, this did not translate into an association between pest population density and marginal rates of parasitism for the 10‐year period following establishment.

Synthesis and applications. Rarely are classical biological control programme outcomes assessed rigorously. Life tables, matrix models, and life table response experiments showed that the decline in the pest status of Bemisia tabaci (sweetpotato whitefly) was not associated with the establishment of two exotic parasitoid species in the cotton system. Instead, native arthropod predators play a major role in pest dynamics. Further efforts to enhance conservation of the extant natural enemy community, with focus on increasing mortality in final stage nymphs and adults, may be the most efficient means of increasing biological control services. Analyses deployed here should be more widely applied to assessing and improving biological control generally.
Gut microbial functional maturation and succession during human early life
Authors: Cerdó Tomás , Ruiz Alicia , Acuña Inmaculada , Jáuregui Ruy , Jehmlich Nico , Haange Sven‐Bastian , von Bergen Martin , Suárez Antonio , Campoy Cristina 
Published: April 2018

SummaryThe evolutional trajectory of gut microbial colonization from birth has been shown to prime for health later in life. Here, we combined cultivation‐independent 16S rRNA gene sequencing and metaproteomics to investigate the functional maturation of gut microbiota in faecal samples from full‐term healthy infants collected at 6 and 18 months of age. Phylogenetic analysis of the metaproteomes showed that Bifidobacterium provided the highest number of distinct protein groups. Considerable divergences between taxa abundance and protein phylogeny were observed at all taxonomic ranks. Age had a profound effect on early microbiota where compositional and functional diversity of less dissimilar communities increased with time. Comparisons of the relative abundances of proteins revealed the transition of taxon‐associated saccharolytic and fermentation strategies from milk and mucin‐derived monosaccharide catabolism feeding acetate/propanoate synthesis to complex food‐derived hexoses fuelling butanoate production. Furthermore, co‐occurrence network analysis uncovered two anti‐correlated modules of functional taxa. A low‐connected Bifidobacteriaceae‐centred guild of facultative anaerobes was succeeded by a rich club of obligate anaerobes densely interconnected around Lachnospiraceae, underpinning their pivotal roles in microbial ecosystem assemblies. Our findings establish a framework to visualize whole microbial community metabolism and ecosystem succession dynamics, proposing opportunities for microbiota‐targeted health‐promoting strategies early in life.
Competition and habitat filtering jointly explain phylogenetic structure of soil bacterial communities across elevational gradients
Authors: Zhang Qian , Goberna Marta , Liu Yuguo , Cui Ming , Yang Haishui , Sun Qixiang , Insam Heribert , Zhou Jinxing 
Published: April 2018

SummaryThe importance of assembly processes in shaping biological communities is poorly understood, especially for microbes. Here, we report on the forces that structure soil bacterial communities along a 2000 m elevational gradient. We characterized the relative importance of habitat filtering and competition on phylogenetic structure and turnover in bacterial communities. Bacterial communities exhibited a phylogenetically clustered pattern and were more clustered with increasing elevation. Biotic factors (i.e., relative abundance of dominant bacterial lineages) appeared to be most important to the degree of clustering, evidencing the role of the competitive ability of entire clades in shaping the communities. Phylogenetic turnover showed the greatest correlation to elevation. After controlling the elevation, biotic factors showed greater correlation to phylogenetic turnover than all the habitat variables (i.e., climate, soil and vegetation). Structural equation modelling also identified that elevation and soil organic matter exerted indirect effects on phylogenetic diversity and turnover by determining the dominance of microbial competitors. Our results suggest that competition among bacterial taxa induced by soil carbon contributes to the phylogenetic pattern across elevational gradient in the Tibetan Plateau. This highlights the importance of considering not only abiotic filtering but also biotic interactions in soil bacterial communities across stressful elevational gradients.
Loose‐Lipped Mobile Device Intelligent Personal Assistants: A Discussion of Information Gleaned from Siri on Locked iOS Devices
Authors: Horsman Graeme 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe forensic analysis of mobile handsets is becoming a more prominent factor in many criminal investigations. Despite such devices frequently storing relevant evidential content to support an investigation, accessing this information is becoming an increasingly difficult task due to enhanced effective security features. Where access to a device's resident data is not possible via traditional mobile forensic methods, in some cases it may still be possible to extract user information via queries made to an installed intelligent personal assistant. This article presents an evaluation of the information which is retrievable from Apple's Siri when interacted with on a locked iOS device running iOS 11.2.5 (the latest at the time of testing). The testing of verbal commands designed to elicit a response from Siri demonstrate the ability to recover call log, SMS, Contacts, Apple Maps, Calendar, and device information which may support any further investigation.
Reanalysis of the Trotter Tibia Quandary and its Continued Effect on Stature Estimation of Past‐Conflict Service Members
Authors: Lynch Jeffrey James , Brown Carrie , Palmiotto Andrea , Maijanen Heli , Damann Franklin 
Published: April 2018

AbstractForensic casework from past‐conflicts relies on the corrected historical Trotter data for stature estimation in Fordisc. For roughly 10 years’, stature estimation using this data has produced point estimates for the tibia that are on average 1.25 inches less than the other long bones. This issue was identified after applying the equations derived from Fordisc to the USS Oklahoma commingled assemblage. Reevaluation of Fordisc revealed that a correction factor of 20 mm, instead of 10 mm, was mistakenly applied to the Trotter tibia data. Historical forensic anthropology reports written at the Defense POW/MIA Accounting Agency were utilized to identify that the overcorrection is isolated to Fordisc 3 with an error rate of 5% of known antemortem statures falling outside of the prediction intervals that relied on the tibia. Further evaluation of the Oklahoma sample indicates the 10 mm correction is still producing point estimates less than the other long bones.
Possible Solutions as a Concept in Behavior Change Interventions
Authors: Mahoney Diane E. 
Published: April 2018

PROBLEMNurses are uniquely positioned to implement behavior change interventions. Yet, nursing interventions have traditionally resulted from nurses problem‐solving rather than allowing the patient to self‐generate possible solutions for attaining specific health outcomes.PURPOSEThe purpose of this review is to clarify the meaning of possible solutions in behavior change interventions.METHODSWalker and Avant's method on concept analysis serves as the framework for examination of the possible solutions.CONCLUSIONPossible solutions can be defined as continuous strategies initiated by patients and families to overcome existing health problems.IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICEAs nurses engage in behavior change interventions, supporting patients and families in problem‐solving will optimize health outcomes and transform clinical practice.