bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genesis of the Xiaotongjiapuzi gold deposit of the Liaodong gold province, Northeast China: Fluid inclusion thermometry and S–Pb–H–O–He isotope constraints
Authors: Liu Jun , Liu Fu‐Xing , Li Sheng‐Hui , Lai Chun‐Kit 
Published: February 2019

The Xiaotongjiapuzi gold deposit is located in the Liaodong gold province, NE China. The deposit is hosted in the metamorphic rocks of the Proterozoic Liaohe Group, consisting of marble, schist, and granulite. Three alteration/mineralisation stages were identified, namely (a) quartz–pyrite, (b) quartz–polymetallic sulfides, and (c) quartz–carbonate. Four fluid inclusion types were distinguished: liquid‐rich two‐phase, gas‐rich two‐phase, CO2‐bearing, and pure CO2. Stage 1 quartz contains liquid‐rich two‐phase inclusions with salinity of 5.9–14.3 wt.% NaCl equiv. and homogenisation temperatures of 311°C–408°C. Stage 2 quartz contains all four inclusion types, of which the liquid‐rich two‐phase, gas‐rich two‐phase, and CO2‐bearing inclusions yielded homogenisation temperatures of 268°C–376°C and salinity of 4.1–13 wt.% NaCl equiv. In stage 3 quartz, only liquid‐rich two‐phase inclusions were found, which contain relatively low salinity (1.6–7.6 wt.% NaCl equiv.) and homogenisation temperatures (201°C–254°C), indicating an H2O–NaCl–CO2 system for ore precipitation. Stage 2 δ18Ow and δD values of quartz minerals are of 0.3‰ to 2.3‰ and −100‰ to −96‰, respectively. Hydrogen and oxygen isotopic compositions indicate that the ore fluids were a mix of magmatic fluid and meteoric water. δ34S values of the metallic sulfides from the Xiaotongjiapuzi deposit range from +4.6‰ to +12.9‰, whilst Pb isotopes show small variations: 206Pb/204Pb = 17.671 to 18.361, 207Pb/204Pb = 15.569 to 15.659, and 208Pb/204Pb = 37.695 to 37.937. Sulfur and lead isotopes suggest that the ore‐forming materials were derived from the Liaohe Group metamorphic rocks and the Triassic granitoids. 3He/4He and 40Ar/36Ar ratios of the fluid inclusions derived of ore‐bearing pyrite ranges from 0.27 to 0.53 Ra and 362.2 to 1113.1, respectively, implying that both mantle‐ and crust‐derived fluids were involved in the gold mineralisation. The Xiaotongjiapuzi deposit could be a mesothermal gold deposit, and the fluid phase separation or immiscibility is the dominant mechanism for the deposition of ore‐forming materials.
Using a digital divide index among enterprises in the context of public policies in Brazil
Authors: Siqueira Erica S. , de Souza Cesar Alexandre , Barbosa Alexandre F. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe aim of the present paper is to discuss the relevance of an index that is capable of measuring the digital divide among small and medium enterprises (SMEs) and to discuss its importance in the context of public policy design. It is contended that the digital divide mainly affects microenterprises and SMEs, and that this phenomenon is related to the low productivity and high mortality rates of these organisations. The methodology for creating the index is replicated here in order to discuss the quality criteria necessary for this index within the scope of its utility for public managers.
Regulation of articular chondrocyte catabolic genes by growth factor interaction
Authors: Shi Shuiliang , Mercer Scott , Eckert George J. , Trippel Stephen B. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractOsteoarthritis is characterized by a loss of articular cartilage homeostasis in which degradation exceeds formation. Several growth factors have been shown to promote cartilage formation by augmenting articular chondrocyte anabolic activity. This study tests the hypothesis that such growth factors also play an anticatabolic role. We transferred individual or combinations of the genes encoding insulin‐like growth factor‐I, bone morphogenetic protein‐2, bone morphogenetic protein‐7, transforming growth factor‐β1, and fibroblast growth factor‐2, into adult bovine articular chondrocytes and measured the expression of catabolic marker genes encoding A disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs‐4 and ‐5, matrix metalloproteinases‐3 and ‐13, and interleukin‐6. When delivered individually, or in combination, these growth factor transgenes differentially regulated the direction, magnitude, and time course of expression of the catabolic marker genes. In concert, the growth factor transgenes regulated the marker genes in an interactive fashion that ranged from synergistic inhibition to synergistic stimulation. Synergistic stimulation prevailed over synergistic inhibition, reaching maxima of 15.2‐ and 2.7‐fold, respectively. Neither the magnitude nor the time course of the effect of the transgene combinations could be predicted on the basis of the individual transgene effects. With few exceptions, the data contradict our hypothesis. The results demonstrate that growth factors that are traditionally viewed as chondrogenic tend also to promote catabolic gene expression. The competing actions of these potential therapeutic agents add an additional level of complexity to the selection of regulatory factors for restoring articular cartilage homeostasis or promoting repair.
Animal‐ and human‐based evidence for the protective effects of stem cell therapy against cardiovascular disorders
Authors: Pooria Ali , Pourya Afsoun , Gheini Alireza 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe increasing rate of mortality and morbidity because of cardiac diseases has called for efficient therapeutic needs. With the advancement in cell‐based therapies, stem cells are abundantly studied in this area. Nearly, all sources of stem cells are experimented to treat cardiac injuries. Tissue engineering has also backed this technique by providing an advantageous platform to improve stem cell therapy. After in vitro studies, primary treatment‐based research studies comprise small and large animal studies. Furthermore, these studies are implemented in human models in the form of clinical trials. Purpose of this review is to highlight the animal‐ and human‐based studies, exploiting various stem cell sources, to treat cardiovascular disorders.
Elderly patients with lower‐jaw mobility require careful food texture modification: A cohort study
Authors: Wada Mikio , Hanamoto Akiko , Kawashima Atsushi 
Published: February 2019

AbstractBackgroundFew studies have investigated the relationship between lower‐jaw mobility and oral ingestible food texture choices in elderly patients. This study aimed to evaluate whether lower‐jaw mobility affects levels of food texture modification.MethodsThis prospective cohort study targeted inpatients aged ≥65 years with pneumonia or urinary tract infection from August 2014 through July 2015. We defined “lower‐jaw mobility” as movement of the lower jaw (more than about 1 cm) when gently supported from both sides of the mandibular angle with index fingers. The primary outcome was food texture at discharge, which was evaluated using “Japanese Dysphagia Diet 2013”: non per os, codes 0‐4 (in the order of increasing swallowing difficulty), and normal meal.ResultsWe evaluated 38 patients in the mobility group (mean age: 86.5 years) and 251 patients in the nonmobility group (mean age: 83.2 years). Percentages of patients capable of ingesting each food texture were as follows (mobility vs nonmobility): normal meal, 5.3% vs 50.1%; code 4, 39.5% vs 31.9%; code 3, 5.3% vs 8.8%; code 2, 10.5% vs 4.4%; code 1, 2.6% vs 0.8%; code 0, 0.0% vs 0.4%; and non per os, 36.8% vs 2.8%. Food texture codes were lower in the mobility group (P < 0.001). These relationships remained significant even after adjusting for potential confounding factors in multivariate analysis (P < 0.001).ConclusionElderly patients with lower‐jaw mobility were restricted to texture‐modified foods. Lower‐jaw mobility can be assessed easily even by nonmedical personnel, and regular assessment could help identify elderly patients requiring dietary adjustment.
Lactate secreted by cervical cancer cells modulates macrophage phenotype
Authors: Stone Simone Cardozo , Rossetti Renata Ariza Marques , Alvarez Karla Lucia Fernandez , Carvalho Jesus Paula , Margarido Paulo Francisco Ramos , Baracat Edmund Chada , Tacla Maricy , Boccardo Enrique , Yokochi Kaori , Lorenzi Noely Paula , Lepique Ana Paula 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Cervical cancer continues to be a public health problem in developing countries. Previous studies have shown that cervical cancer cells display markers of aerobic glycolysis, indicating that these tumors are likely to secrete lactate. Mostly, lactate is recognized as a molecule capable of suppressing immune responses, through inhibition of T cells, Mϕs, and dendritic cells. We and others have previously shown that Mϕs are frequent cells infiltrating cervical cancers with the ability to inhibit antitumor immune responses and promote tumor growth through angiogenesis. Here, we have tested the hypothesis that lactate, secreted by cervical cancer cells, can modulate Mϕ phenotype. First, we showed higher lactate plasma concentrations in patients with increasing cervical lesion grades, with maximum concentration in the plasma of cancer patients, which supported our hypothesis. We then inhibited lactate production in tumor cell spheroids established from cervical cancer derived cell lines, using the lactate dehydrogenase inhibitor, oxamate, prior to co-culture with monocytes. Lactate mediated part of the crosstalk between tumor cells and Mϕs, promoting secretion of IL-1β, IL-10, IL-6, and up-regulation of hypoxia induced factor-1α expression, and down-regulation of p65-NFκB phosphorylation in Mϕs. We also showed that Mϕs from co-cultures treated with oxamate were better inducers of T cell activation. Of note, experiments performed with inhibition of the monocarboxylate transporters rendered similar results. Our data confirms the hypothesis that lactate, secreted by cervical tumor cells, influences the phenotype of tumor Mϕs, promoting a suppressive phenotype.
Influence of the ambient illuminance on the subjective brightness measurements
Authors: Yang Lanlan , Li Shuai , Tu Yan , Zhang Yuning , Wang Lili , Li Xiaohua 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe subjective brightness is determined by not only the display screen luminance but also the light surrounding the display. A metric for space brightness named “Feu” is adopted to consider the effect of luminance distribution. The relation between the pupil diameter and the space brightness is applied to obtain the subjective brightness. The measured subjective brightness is obtained both for direct‐view display and augmented reality (AR) display. The results indicate that the measured subjective brightness is much closer to the perceived result. The subjective brightness increases along with the increase of the screen luminance under the same ambient illuminance. While under the same screen luminance, the subjective brightness decreases with the increase of the ambient illuminance in most cases.
Display meets biology: A vision for ubiquitous healthcare platforms
Authors: Kim Chang‐Hyun , Kymissis Ioannis , Bonnassieux Yvan 
Published: February 2019

AbstractEver‐increasing demand for a healthy and sustainable life has been a traditional motivation behind state‐of‐the‐art medicines and precision diagnosis tools. Nowadays, the ultra‐connectivity and data‐centric initiatives that underpin the future Internet of Things is seen as another major driver of electronically enriched, highly customizable healthcare platforms. Especially, the information display technology, which already enjoys its position as an all‐round player in consumer electronics is poised to broaden its territory by envisioning a range of bio‐related features. In this review, the rising opportunities for next‐generation display‐based biotechnology and healthcare systems are critically assessed in light of recent literature. Clearly, smart combination of new materials, devices, and integration strategies has given rise to highly promising prototypes, and this article aims at highlighting some of these examples. Despite such progress, it is still unclear whether the resultant technologies will make a measurable impact in the near future, given both their own scientific limits and the lack of proper business model. In this regard, the final part of this contribution is dedicated to emergent challenges as well as development solutions that this potentially disruptive innovation may need to consider.
Systemic review and network meta‐analysis comparing minimal surgical techniques for rectal cancer: quality of total mesorectum excision, pathological, surgical, and oncological outcomes
Authors: Rausa Emanuele , Bianco Federica , Kelly Michael E. , Aiolfi Alberto , Petrelli Fausto , Bonitta Gianluca , Sgroi Giovanni 
Published: February 2019

AbstractBackgroundMinimal invasive surgery has revolutionized recovery in rectal cancer patients. However, there has been debate on its effect on quality of total mesorectal excision (TME) and oncological outcomes. This network meta‐analysis compares laparoscopic, robotic‐assisted, and transanal TMEs. This study shows that All three surgical techniques are comparable across TME quality and oncological outcomes. Ultimately, good outcomes are based on each individual surgeon choosing an approach based on their expertise.
Treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer: innovations in surgical techniques
Authors: De Andrade James P. , Warner Susanne G. , Fong Yuman 
Published: February 2019

AbstractLiver metastases and peritoneal carcinomatosis are a particular focus of surgeons in improving survival in stage IV colorectal cancer patients, with laparotomy long being the means to undertake these operations. The Louisville statement published in 2008 was the first international consensus on indications for minimally invasive liver resection. Herein we review the progress in innovative surgical techniques, including minimally invasive liver resection, robot‐assisted hepatectomy, and we also describe initial reports in pressurized intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy.
Deep eutectic solvent based homogeneous liquid–liquid extraction coupled with in‐syringe dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction performed in narrow tube; application in extraction and preconcentration of some herbicides from tea
Authors: Torbati Mohammadali , Farajzadeh Mir Ali , Mogaddam Mohammad Reza Afshar , Torbati Mostafa 
Published: February 2019

AbstractA homogeneous liquid‐liquid extraction performed in narrow tube coupled to in–syringe‐dispersive liquid‐liquid microextraction based on deep eutectic solvent has been developed for the extraction of six herbicides from tea samples. In this method, sodium chloride as a separation agent is filled into the narrow tube and the tea sample is placed on top of the salt. Then a mixture of deionized water and deep eutectic solvent (water miscible) is passed through the tube. In this procedure, the deep eutectic solvent is realized as tiny droplets in contact with salt. By passing the droplets from the tea layer placed on the salt layer, the analytes are extracted into them. After collecting the solvent as separated layer, it is mixed with another deep eutectic solvent (choline chloride/butyric acid) and the mixture is dispersed into deionized water placed in a syringe. After adding acetonitrile to break up the cloudy state, the collected organic phase is injected into gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry. Under optimal conditions, limits of detection and quantification in the ranges of 2.6–8.4 and 9.7–29 ng/kg, respectively, were obtained. The extraction recoveries and enrichment factors in the ranges of 70–89% and 350–445 were obtained, respectively.
A systematic review on correlation between biochemical and mechanical processes of lubricant film formation in joint replacement of the last 10 years
Authors: Rufaqua Risha , Vrbka Martin , Choudhury Dipankar , Hemzal Dušan , Křupka Ivan , Hartl Martin 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThis study provides a systematic review of the synovial and simulated body fluid research for the last 10 years (2006 to 2016). In particular, biochemical and mechanical properties of synovial fluid after joint replacement are focused, namely, the chemical composition of the formed lubricating film and structural changes of the associated proteins under mechanical loading. In summary, the formation of the film depends on pH, viscosity, and concentration of the solution, static, sliding, and rolling conditions and other factors related to the joint replacement. However, chemical changes of the synovial fluid proteins after the joint replacement are rarely addressed and require further attention. To this end, we provide a preliminary study of selected proteins within the synovial fluid using Raman spectroscopy. We conclude that chemical analysis together with the analysis of mechanical and biological properties of the synovial fluid after total joint replacement will help in comprehension of the process.
Thermal‐Insulation, Electrical, and Mechanical Properties of Highly‐Expanded PMMA/MWCNT Nanocomposite Foams Fabricated by Supercritical CO2 Foaming
Authors: Li Tingting , Zhao Guoqun , Wang Guilong , Zhang Lei , Hou Junji 
Published: February 2019

AbstractFoaming behavior of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA)/multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) nanocomposites and thermally‐insulating, electrical, and mechanical properties of the nanocomposite foams are investigated. PMMA/MWCNT nanocomposites containing various amounts of MWCNTs are first prepared by combining solution and melt blending methods, and then foamed using CO2. The foaming temperature and MWCNT content are varied for regulating the structure of PMMA/MWCNT nanocomposite foams. The electrical conductivity measurement results show that MWCNTs have little effect on the electrical conductivity of foams with large expansion ratio. Thermal conductivities of both solid and foamed PMMA/MWCNT nanocomposites are measured to evaluate their thermally insulating properties. The gas conduction, solid conduction, and thermal radiation of the foams are calculated for clarifying the effects of cellular structure and MWCNT content on thermal insulation properties. The result demonstrates that MWCNTs endowed foams with enhanced thermal insulation performance by blocking thermal radiation. Moreover, the compressive testing shows that MWCNTs improve the compressive strength and rigidity of foams. This research is essential for optimizing environmentally friendly thermal insulation nanocomposite foams with enhanced thermal‐insulation and compressive mechanical properties.
Enhanced Solid Particle Erosion Properties of Thermoplastic Polyurethane‐Carbon Nanotube Nanocomposites
Authors: Dong Mengyao , Wang Chuan , Liu Hu , Liu Chuntai , Shen Changyu , Zhang Jiaoxia , Jia Chengxinzhuo , Ding Tao , Guo Zhanhu 
Published: February 2019

AbstractA co‐coagulation method combined with hot pressing technique is successfully applied to fabricate thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) nanocomposites with different contents of carbon nanotubes (CNTs). Obviously, the mechanical and thermal properties of the nanocomposites are improved with increasing the CNT content. In addition, the existence of hydrogen bonding between CNTs and polymer matrix is demonstrated. Furthermore, the influences of impact parameters on solid particle erosion behavior are investigated systematically. The surface roughness and line roughness are also investigated to illustrate the mechanism of solid particle erosion. As elastic nanocomposites, the maximum and minimum erosion rate (ER) occur at 30° and 90°. The ER is relatively small when the impact velocity is at 10 m s−1, then is increased rapidly between 20 and 30 m s−1. As the size of impact particles increases to 300 µm, a rapid increase of ER occurs between 10 and 20 m s−1. All these results indicate CNTs improve the erosion resistance of TPU matrix.
On the investigation of cascode power amplifiers for 5G applications
Authors: Hsiao Meng‐Jie , Kim Kyoungwoon , Nguyen Cam 
Published: February 2019

AbstractBiCMOS processes provide not only standard NMOS devices, but also high‐performance SiGe HBTs, facilitating simultaneous use of both NMOS and HBT. This article adopts the advantages of both HBT and NMOS to achieve a high‐gain, high‐power, and efficient power amplifier (PA). Through an analysis of cascode amplifiers implementing different combinations of HBT and NMOS, a high‐performance 28‐GHz BiCMOS PA, which combines both HBT and body‐floating NMOS strengths to achieve 15.7‐dB gain, 19.6‐dBm saturated output power (Psat), 17.5‐dBm output 1‐dB compression (OP1dB), and 28.8% maximum PAE, is proposed for 5G applications.
A 5.8‐17.6 GHz cascaded bi‐directional distributed gain amplifier utilizing asymmetric stages in 65 nm CMOS
Authors: Nguyen Van‐Viet , Nam Hyohyun , Lee Bok‐Hyung , Park Jung‐Dong 
Published: February 2019

AbstractA cascaded bidirectional distributed gain amplifier (BDGA) with asymmetrical stages has been reported. By cascading two unit BDGAs using a common source (CS) stage in the middle, the BDGA benefits the multiplicative gain enhancement while it can still achieve a wide bandwidth owing to the distributed nature of the two BDGAs. Each gain stage of the BDGA is composed of the CS output stage to enhance the linearity in parallel with the cascode input stage to improve noise performance by providing higher gain. The proposed circuit architecture is fabricated in a 65 nm CMOS. The measurements exhibit a gain of 10.5 dB, and the 3‐dB bandwidth from 5.8 to 17.6 GHz. The measured output P1dB is 6.8 dBm along with 9.3 dBm of the saturated output power at 10 GHz. The circuit draws 75 mA from a 1.2 V supply and occupies 1.1 × 0.6 mm2 of the chip area.
A novel ultra‐miniature 90° metamaterial phase shifter for beamforming applications
Authors: Zouaoui Yassine , Talbi Larbi , Hettak Khelifa 
Published: February 2019

AbstractIn radiofrequency (RF) applications, reducing the structure size of the phase shifter (PS) other remains a key challenge. In this article, a new compact‐wilds‐phase shifter for reducing the size area of the conventional design has been introduced. Unlike, conventional shifter, the proposed one leverages metamaterial for size reduction by using complementary split ring resonator. It operates at central frequency 2.4 GHz. The experimental results showed that the proposed design can significantly reduce 66% from the size of conventional structure.
A compact four‐element multiple‐input‐multiple‐output antenna with enhanced gain and bandwidth
Authors: Nie Nian‐Sheng , Yang Xue‐Song , Wang Bing‐Zhong 
Published: February 2019

AbstractA compact four‐element wideband planar multiple‐input‐multiple‐output (MIMO) antenna is proposed. The radiating elements are half‐loop monopoles. In order to cover the 5.8 GHz WLAN band, an additional high‐frequency operation mode is excited by an inter‐connected coupling parasitic element, and the radiation gain attained is enhanced via the arrangement of elements. The proposed four‐element MIMO antenna operates in a wide frequency range of 4.58‐6.37 GHz (34.3%), which covers the 5.2/5.8 GHz WLAN band and 5.5 GHz WiMAX band. For each element, an average gain of greater than 3.18 dBi is achieved, and the envelope correlation coefficient (ECC) between elements is lower than 0.05. The overall size of the compact multiport antenna system is only 40 × 36 mm2 with minimum isolation of 19 dB between its elements and has no any complex decoupling structure. Since the antenna has a satisfactory MIMO performance and is easily integrated with a planar structure, it is an excellent candidate for the MIMO communications application.