bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Brassica rapa hairy root based expression system leads to the production of highly homogenous and reproducible profiles of recombinant human alpha‐L‐iduronidase
Authors: Cardon Florian , Pallisse Roser , Bardor Muriel , Caron Aurore , Vanier Jessica , Ele Ekouna Jean Pierre , Lerouge Patrice , Boitel‐Conti Michèle , Guillet Marina 
Published: July 2018

SummaryThe Brassica rapa hairy root based expression platform, a turnip hairy root based expression system, is able to produce human complex glycoproteins such as the alpha—L—iduronidase (IDUA) with an activity similar to the one produced by Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cells. In this article, a particular attention has been paid to the N‐ and O‐glycosylation that characterize the alpha‐L‐iduronidase produced using this hairy root based system. This analysis showed that the recombinant protein is characterized by highly homogeneous post translational profiles enabling a strong batch to batch reproducibility. Indeed, on each of the 6 N‐glycosylation sites of the IDUA, a single N‐glycan composed of a core Man3GlcNAc2 carrying one beta(1,2)‐xylose and one alpha(1,3)‐fucose epitope (M3XFGN2) was identified, highlighting the high homogeneity of the production system. Hydroxylation of proline residues and arabinosylation were identified during O‐glycosylation analysis, still with a remarkable reproducibility. This platform is thus positioned as an effective and consistent expression system for the production of human complex therapeutic proteins.
Cytomegalovirus infection in pediatric patients with hepatoblastoma after liver transplantation
Authors: Nodomi Seishiro , Umeda Katsutsugu , Kato Itaru , Saida Satoshi , Hiramatsu Hidefumi , Ogawa Eri , Yoshizawa Atsushi , Okamoto Shinya , Okajima Hideaki , Uemoto Shinji , Adachi Souichi 
Published: July 2018

AbstractNo studies have examined CMV infection in pediatric patients with HB receiving LT. Here, we retrospectively analyzed the incidence of and risk factors for CMV infection in 24 pediatric patients with HB who underwent LT between 1997 and 2015. CMV infection was monitored by measuring expression of pp65 CMV antigen for up to 4 months post‐LT. CMV infection, defined as detection of at least one pp65‐positive leukocyte, was detected in nine (37.5%) patients who did not develop CMV disease. Nine (47.4%) of nineteen patients who received post‐LT chemotherapy experienced CMV infection; however, no CMV infection was observed in the five patients who did not receive post‐LT chemotherapy (P = 0.012). There were no significant differences in the incidence of CMV infection between patients with ACR (60.0%) and those without (21.4%, P = 0.092), or between CMV seropositive (55.6%) and seronegative patients (33.3%, P = 0.675). All nine patients with CMV infection did not experience CMV disease due to the use of preemptive antiviral therapy. Close monitoring of CMV infection is recommended for patients with HB, particularly those receiving post‐LT chemotherapy. Preemptive antiviral therapy is feasible for prophylaxis of CMV disease.
Late‐life suicide in Asian people living in New Zealand: a qualitative study of coronial records
Authors: Wang Joanna , Ho Elsie , Au Patrick , Cheung Gary 
Published: July 2018

BackgroundThere has been no previous study examining the phenomenon of suicide in older Asians in New Zealand. The aim of this study was to identify common factors and gain a better understanding of late‐life suicide in Asian people living in New Zealand.MethodsNew Zealand Coronial Services provided records of all closed cases of late‐life suicides (age ≥ 65 years) between July 2007 and December 2012. Out of the total of 225 cases, 15 were recorded as being of Asian ethnicity. These cases were reviewed in their entirety using a qualitative thematic analysis approach.ResultsEight Asian men and seven Asian women completed suicide during this period. The majority (93%) lived with their families, and 80% were found by family after having completed suicide at home. Three main themes emerged from the thematic analysis: (i) suicide occurring in the context of a family; (ii) declining physical health; and (iii) a violent method of suicide. The role of the family has not been previously identified in other studies of late‐life suicide in New Zealand.ConclusionsFurther research is needed to identify ways Asian families can access culturally appropriate and accessible support and mental health services for their older members at risk of suicide. There is also a need for developing post‐suicide interventions specifically for Asian families. The findings of this study have added to the growing evidence of declining physical health acting as a drive for late‐life suicide.
Effects of olfactory stimulation on reminiscence practice in community‐dwelling elderly individuals
Authors: Hanaoka Hideaki , Muraki Toshiaki , Ede Jacqueline , Yasuhara Koichiro , Okamura Hitoshi 
Published: July 2018

BackgroundThere has been little research on reminiscence cues and their effectiveness. The purpose of the present study was to measure the effects of reminiscence practice using olfactory stimuli on the mental health and cognitive functions of community‐dwelling elderly individuals.MethodsWritten consent was obtained from 72 eligible community‐dwelling elderly individuals. They were non‐randomly divided into an intervention group and a control group. In the intervention group (n = 35), reminiscence practice was carried out bi‐weekly using olfactory stimulation as the cue for eight sessions. In the control group (n = 37), reminiscence practice was carried out without olfactory stimulation. The Geriatric Depression Scale‐15 and the Five‐cog Test were used as the methods of assessment at baseline and again after completion of the intervention. Participants in the final analysis were 27 individuals in the intervention group and 33 individuals in the control group.ResultsAt baseline, a significant difference was seen between the groups depending on the existence of a spouse. Repeated measures analysis of covariance with the existence of a spouse as a covariate showed a significant difference between the two groups in changes in Geriatric Depression Scale‐15 scores (P = 0.038). Furthermore, analysis of the participants sorted into a depression symptoms group and a non‐depression symptoms group showed a significant group main effect (P = 0.033) and interaction (P = 0.049) in the depression symptoms group.ConclusionThe results suggest that reminiscence intervention using olfactory stimulation may maintain the mental health of community‐dwelling elderly individuals.
Underdiagnosis of delirium in the elderly in acute care hospital settings: lessons not learned
Authors: Ritter Simone R.F. , Cardoso Anne F. , Lins Marina M.P. , Zoccoli Thayana L.V. , Freitas Marco Polo D. , Camargos Einstein F. 
Published: July 2018

BackgroundDelirium is a common and poorly diagnosed cause of behavioral change in elderly. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence, diagnostic accuracy and factors associated with the onset of delirium in the elderly admitted to an urgency unit.MethodsCross‐sectional study including clinically stable subjects aged ≥60 years between April and June of 2014. Diagnosis of delirium based on the Confusion Assessment Method (CAM, gold standard) was compared to the subjective assessment made by physicians on duty as recorded in the medical chart. Association of sociodemographic, psychological/behavioural, and clinical variables with delirium was assessed using multivariate analysis.ResultsA sample of 110 participants with a mean age of 72.7 ± 8.3 years was studied. Of these, 56.4% were men and 28.2% had a diagnosis of delirium on CAM. Significant associations were observed between delirium and male gender (P‐value = 0.019), poor or very poor self‐perception of health (P‐value = 0.033), previous diagnosis of dementia (P‐value = 0.001), previous history of stroke (P‐value = 0.014), and acute bacterial infection (P‐value = 0.008). Physician diagnosis had a sensitivity of 35.5%, specificity of 100%, and accuracy of 81.8% to detect delirium. Rate of misdiagnosis was 64.5%.ConclusionDelirium was underdiagnosed in this urgent care hospital setting.
The role of psychological autonomy in the acceptance of ageing among community‐dwelling elderly
Authors: Fukase Yuko , Murayama Norio , Tagaya Hirokuni 
Published: July 2018

AimPrevious research on psychological autonomy has focused on self‐reliance. However, given that ageing is inevitable, acceptance of ageing might be a more stable factor that reflects quality of life (QOL) status. This study examined factors that affect the acceptance of ageing as a part of psychological autonomy.MethodsWe conducted questionnaire surveys among community‐dwelling elderly people. The questionnaires consisted of the psychological autonomy scale, the Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale, and the QOL scale.ResultsIn total, 572 elderly people completed the questionnaire, including 293 younger elderly and 279 older elderly. In both age groups, a ceiling effect was observed for the Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale. There was no positive relation between acceptance of ageing and QOL, and particularly in younger elderly people, acceptance of ageing was negatively related to QOL. However, the correlation between acceptance of ageing and self‐reliance was positive, and self‐reliance was positively related to QOL in younger elderly people.ConclusionsThe acceptance of ageing did not show a positive relation in our participants who had high activities of daily living. Acceptance of ageing might be important for elderly people who have a physical disability and several restrictions in their daily life. For younger elderly people, acceptance of ageing was correlated with getting depression, in which case it is useful to reject self‐ageing for QOL, and it was related to QOL through self‐reliance.
Detection of the time of foaling by accelerometer technique in horses (Equus caballus)—a pilot study
Authors: Hartmann Constanze , Lidauer Laura , Aurich Jörg , Aurich Christine , Nagel Christina 
Published: July 2018

ContentsObservation of preparturient mares is labour‐intensive and time requirements would be reduced with automated monitoring systems. Recently, small‐size accelerometers have become available. We followed the hypothesis that increased restlessness in mares shortly before the expulsive stage of labour can be detected with such accelerometers. Accelerometers were attached medioventrally to the halter of eight late pregnant mares. To evaluate an influence of accelerometer position, in one mare two additional accelerometers were attached close to the mandibular and atlanto‐occipital joints. Accelerometers were programmed to send 600 signals/min (10 Hz). Signals were recorded continuously and, for evaluation, four intervals of 30‐min duration on day 4 before foaling and the last 2 hr before rupture of the allantochorion at foaling were selected. Signal detection was influenced by position of the accelerometer on the mares’ halter. The highest signal detection rate was reached with the accelerometer in the lateral and dorsal position but differences of accelerations measured by the system differed neither between sensor positions nor between time intervals 4 days before foaling. Differences of accelerations increased from 120 min before foaling until birth of the foal (p < 0.001) and this increase was most pronounced during the last 30–20 min before birth of the foal (p < 0.001). Technical improvements and a foaling specific algorithm are required to improve the accuracy to predict foaling. Even if this preliminary study included only a small number of mares, results demonstrate that accelerometers could be an important component of birth alert systems in horses in the future.
Relationship of vaginal discharge characteristics evaluated by Metricheck device to metabolic status in postpartum dairy cows
Authors: Kawashima Chiho , Suwanai Masashi , Honda Toshihiko , Teramura Makoto , Kida Katsuya , Hanada Masaaki , Miyamoto Akio , Matsui Motozumi 
Published: July 2018

ContentsThe relationship between vaginal discharge characteristics and metabolic status has been studied in postpartum dairy cows. Vaginal discharges at 2–6 weeks postpartum were scored weekly on a 1 (clear) to 5 (purulent material with stench) scale using the Metricheck device and classified into three groups as follows: Endometritis group (n = 19), greater than or equal to score 4 until 3 weeks postpartum; Delayed involution group (n = 9), score 2 or 3 after having score 1; Healthy group (n = 23), cows except those belonging to the Delayed involution and Endometritis groups. The uterus and cervix were assessed using ultrasonography. Blood samples were collected twice weekly from 1 to 6 weeks postpartum from all cows and were additionally obtained for 13,14‐dihydro‐15‐keto‐prostaglandin F2α (PGFM) measurements from multiparous cows. Cows with delayed involution had delayed onset of luteal activity (p < 0.05) and higher serum urea nitrogen (BUN) concentrations (p < 0.01) than healthy animals. Cows with endometritis had more peripartum diseases (p < 0.05), lower milk yield (p < 0.05), longer cervix diameter (p < 0.05), and lower serum albumin (p < 0.01), total cholesterol (p < 0.01), and magnesium (p < 0.01) concentrations, and higher aspartate aminotransferase levels (p < 0.05) than healthy cows. Plasma PGFM concentrations tended to be higher in the Delayed involution group (p = 0.083) and lower in the Endometritis group (p = 0.085) than in the Healthy group. In summary, delayed involution was shown to be associated with higher BUN concentration, and endometritis may have been caused by peripartum diseases and hepatic dysfunction.
Rams prefer tailed than docked ewes as sexual partners
Authors: Orihuela Agustin , Ungerfeld Rodolfo , Fierros‐García Angel , Pedernera Mariana , Aguirre Virginio 
Published: July 2018

ContentsIn several ungulate species, the tail is used to communicate sexual states of the female. However, the role of the tail or its movements in the sexual attractiveness of the ewe and sexual activity of the ram is still unknown. Two experiments were performed to determine the influence of the tail of the ewe in these aspects. In Experiment 1, 25 rams were individually tested in random order on two experimental dates using two‐choice tests to determine whether intact or docked ewes differ in sexual attractiveness, while in Experiment 2, the sexual performance of the ram towards intact or docked ewes was compared. Both experiments were performed with restrained oestrous ewes during 5‐min tests. In Experiment 1, rams approach first to intact or docked ewes randomly, but thereafter mounted and courted more tailed than docked ewes (p < 0.05). In Experiment 2, 22 rams were individually tested with intact and with docked ewes. The first day, 10 rams were tested with an intact ewe and 12 with a docked ewe. The following day, the tests were crossover, so each ram was tested with the other types of ewe. Rams displayed similar courtship and mounting behaviours similarly towards tailed and docked ewes. It was concluded that rams prefer to court and mate with tailed ewes over docked ewes. However, they display similar behaviours when they cannot choose between ewes of both conditions.
Competitive selection, trade, and employment: The strategic use of subsidies
Authors: Molana Hassan , Montagna Catia 
Published: July 2018

AbstractWithin a heterogeneous‐firms model with endogenous labor supply, intra‐industry competitive selection is shown to affect the impact of wage (and entry) subsidies. Optimal uniform wage subsidies are always positive even though, by reducing industry selectivity, they lower average productivity. Because of international selection and fiscal externalities, noncooperative policies entail under‐subsidization of wages. Targeted (domestic‐only or export) wage subsidies are dominated from a welfare point of view by a uniform subsidy. While always having an opposite effect on average productivity, an optimal entry subsidy is shown to be less effective than an optimal uniform wage subsidy in raising employment and welfare.
Trade policy preference, childhood sporting experience, and informal school curriculum: An examination of views of the TPP from the viewpoint of behavioral economics
Authors: Yamamura Eiji , Tsutsui Yoshiro 
Published: July 2018

AbstractWe investigated how childhood education and experiences helped to form noncognitive skills and later, trade policy preferences. We used individual‐level data with approximately 10,000 observations collected in July 2016. Using the instrumental variables (IV) method, with sporting experience and informal education in the childhood as exogenous IV, we found that (1) sporting experiences and informal education lead people to have positive subjective views about the role of group work, competition, reciprocity, and generalized trust and (2) positive views about the role of group work, competition, reciprocity, and trust leads people to prefer the Trans‐Pacific Strategic Economic Partnership Agreement (TPP).
Analysis of lateral rock spreading process initiation with a numerical modelling approach
Authors: Bois Thomas , Zerathe Swann , Lebourg Thomas , Tric Emmanuel 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe first erosional front of the south‐eastern Alps has been affected by several deep‐seated landslides. The movements affected a Jurassic limestone sequence underlain by an upper Trias unit (Keuper) mainly composed of marl and clays. Horst‐ and graben‐like structures, newly formed gravitational faults, outflow and other field evidence suggest that such movements are consistent with lateral rock spreading processes. An example of such processes is the ‘La Marbrière’ slope, where field investigations have revealed that three distinct zones corresponding to three evolutionary stages of movement exist. The question is: What are the structural and mechanical modifications undergone by the slope between those evolution stages? To tackle this question, numerical models based on a 2D cross section of the ‘La Marbrière’ slope have been performed. Results show that, to fit the structural evidence of the precollapse situation, elasto‐plastic behaviour of the Trias Keuper unit is needed. The transition between the precollapse and fresh post‐collapse situations requires a modification of the mechanical behaviour of the Trias Keuper unit to Burger type, resulting in the formation of antithetic and synthetic gravitational faults (producing a graben‐like structure).
Quality assessment in point feature generalization with pattern preserved
Authors: Yu Wenhao 
Published: July 2018

AbstractGeographical features often show certain spatial patterns on a map in terms of the arrangement of point symbols. These patterns are essentially related to the underlying geographical processes and landscapes. Thus, when deriving small‐scale maps from a large‐scale map, one of the most important constraints that cartographers or systems should follow is to retain the basic patterns of point objects on the target map. However, no research in the literature currently evaluates the quality of point feature generalization in terms of spatial pattern. This study proposes an approach to quantitatively measure the pattern change after generalization. The basic idea of the approach is to extend advanced image analysis techniques (e.g., texture recognition) to measure the patterns of point objects in a map space. Specifically, there are two main steps: firstly, the original space is converted into the raster space by utilizing a regularly spaced grid (i.e., a grayscale image) with cell attributes representing the local intensity level of point features; secondly, the texture analysis operation is performed on the grid to obtain the feature descriptors of the point pattern. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed approach is effective in comparing the point patterns before and after generalization.
Roles of pepper bZIP protein CaDILZ1 and its interacting partner RING‐type E3 ligase CaDSR1 in modulation of drought tolerance
Authors: Lim Chae Woo , Baek Woonhee , Lee Sung Chul 
Published: July 2018

SummaryAbscisic acid (ABA) is a plant hormone that plays a key role in the environmental stress response, especially the induction of ABA‐responsive and stress‐responsive genes and modulation of the stomatal aperture in response to drought stress. Here, we identified CaDILZ1 (Capsicum annuum Drought‐Induced Leucine Zipper 1) belonging to subgroup D of the bZIP protein family; gene functions of this family in response to ABA and drought signaling still remain unknown. CaDILZ1 expression was significantly induced in pepper leaves after exposure to ABA, drought, and NaCl. The CaDILZ1 protein localized in the nucleus of plant cells. In response to drought stress, CaDILZ1‐silenced pepper and CaDILZ1‐overexpressing Arabidopsis plants exhibited drought‐sensitive and drought‐tolerant phenotypes, respectively, via altered ABA content, stomatal closure, and expression of ABA‐responsive and drought‐responsive marker genes. We isolated the RING finger protein CaDSR1 (Capsicum annuum Drought Sensitive RING finger protein 1), which interacted with CaDILZ1 in the nucleus. The CaDSR1 protein exhibited E3 ligase activity and promoted CaDILZ1 degradation via the 26S proteasome pathway. Under drought stress conditions, CaDSR1‐silenced pepper and CaDSR1‐overexpressing Arabidopsis plants exhibited contrasting phenotypes to those of CaDILZ1‐silenced pepper and CaDILZ1‐overexpressing Arabidopsis plants. Taken together, our data suggest that CaDSR1 and CaDILZ1 function in ABA‐mediated drought stress signaling in pepper plants.
Mutation of key amino acids in the polygalacturonase‐inhibiting proteins CkPGIP1 and GhPGIP1 improves resistance to Verticillium wilt in cotton
Authors: Liu Nana , Sun Yun , Wang Ping , Duan Hongxia , Ge Xiaoyang , Li Xiancai , Pei Yakun , Li Fuguang , Hou Yuxia 
Published: July 2018

SummaryVerticillium wilt, one of the most devastating diseases of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum), causes severe yield and quality losses. Given the effectiveness of plant polygalacturonase‐inhibiting proteins (PGIPs) in reducing fungal polygalacturonase (PG) activity, it is necessary to uncover the key functional amino acids to enhance cotton resistance to Verticillium dahliae. To identify novel antifungal proteins, the selectivity of key amino acids was investigated by screening against a panel of relevant PG‐binding residues. Based on the obtained results, homologous models of the mutants were established. The docking models showed that hydrogen bonds and structural changes in the convex face in the conserved portion of leucine‐rich repeats (LRRs) may be essential for enhanced recognition of PG. Additionally, we successfully constructed Cynanchum komarovii PGIP1 (CkPGIP1) mutants Asp176Val, Pro249Gln, and Asp176Val/Pro249Gln and G. hirsutum PGIP1 (GhPGIP1) mutants Glu169Val, Phe242Gln, and Glu169Val/Phe242Gln with site‐directed mutagenesis. The proteins of interest can effectively inhibit VdPG1 activity and V. dahliae mycelial growth in a dose‐dependent manner. Importantly, mutants that overproduced PGIP in Arabidopsis and cotton showed enhanced resistance to V. dahliae, with reduced Verticillium‐associated chlorosis and wilting. Furthermore, the lignin content was measured in mutant‐overexpressing plants, and the results showed enhanced lignification of the xylem, which blocked the spread of V. dahliae. Thus, using site‐directed mutagenesis assays, we showed that mutations in CkPGIP1 and GhPGIP1 give rise to PGIP versatility, which allows evolving recognition specificities for PG and is required to promote Verticillium resistance in cotton by restricting the growth of invasive fungal pathogens.