bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Recombinant thrombomodulin ameliorates experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by suppressing high mobility group box 1 and inflammatory cytokines
Authors: Uzawa A , Mori M , Masuda H , Ohtani R , Uchida T , Kuwabara S 
Published: March 2018

Summary
Recombinant thrombomodulin (rTM) has pleiotrophic properties, including anti-coagulation and anti-inflammation; however, its effectiveness as a treatment for multiple sclerosis (MS) has not been evaluated fully. High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) and proinflammatory cytokines, working as inflammatory mediators, are reportedly involved in the inflammatory pathogenesis of MS. The aim of this study was to determine whether rTM can be a potential therapeutic agent for experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). EAE mice received rTM treatment (1 mg or 0·1 mg/kg/day) from days 11 to 15 after immunization. The clinical variables, plasma levels of inflammatory cytokines and HMGB1 and pathological findings in EAE were evaluated. rTM administration ameliorated the clinical and pathological severity of EAE. An immunohistochemical study of the spinal cord showed weaker cytoplasmic HMGB1 staining in the rTM-treated EAE mice than in the untreated EAE mice. Plasma levels of inflammatory cytokines and HMGB1 were suppressed by rTM treatment. In conclusion, rTM down-regulated inflammatory mediators in the peripheral circulation and prevented HMGB1 release from nuclei in the central nervous system, suppressing EAE-related inflammation. rTM could have a novel therapeutic potential for patients with MS.
Good professional practices for promoting positive parenting and child participation in reunification processes
Authors: Mateos Inchaurrondo Ainoa , Fuentes‐Peláez Nuria , Pastor Vicente Crescencia , Mundet Bolós Anna 
Published: March 2018

AbstractProfessional support of families that are under temporary protection, with the goal of reunification, is necessary for helping families re‐establish their family dynamics. Without this support, the conditions that contributed to child abuse and neglect will likely persist. In this context, the attitude of professionals towards positive parenting and child participation is a decisive factor. The quantitative study presented here contributes knowledge regarding these 2 variables. The study was conducted with 106 professionals who work in the child protection system. The results show a high degree of consensus among professionals regarding the following practices: (a) incorporating positive parenting into family reunification processes; (b) training the biological parents in parenting skills; and (c) promoting the active participation of children in foster care and reunification. Regarding the latter point, the study found that older and more experienced professionals are more open and inclined to promote participation in family reunification processes. The practical implications of the results invite us to review attitudinal competencies training for professionals working in child protection services, focusing on encouraging a positive attitude towards the parental competencies of the biological family and the active participation of children in foster care and reunification. These professionals' attitudes are a key factor in mediating the process of family reunification.
Social media engagement amongst 2017 colorectal surgery Tripartite Meeting attendees: updates on contemporary social media use
Authors: Hong F. C. , Devine P. , McDonald J. J. , Cologne K. , Brady R. R. W. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractAimEngagement by medical professionals with social media (SM) is increasing. Variation is noted in engagement between SM platforms and between surgical specialities and geographical regions. We aimed to study SM engagement by colorectal surgeons attending an international conference.MethodSurgeons were identified from the delegate list of the 2017 Annual Meeting of the American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons (ASCRS) and Tripartite Meeting (Seattle, Washington, USA). Delegates were searched on Twitter and LinkedIn for the presence of a matching profile. SM presence, activity, gender and geographical region were analysed.ResultsTwo hundred and seventy (13.2%) surgeons had Twitter accounts and 994 (44.3%) had LinkedIn profiles. UK surgeons were more likely to be on Twitter than surgeons from elsewhere (23.4% vs 12.7%, P = 0.0072). Significant variation in SM membership between each geographical region was noted, with usage rates for Twitter of 18.1% in Europe, 14.4% in North America, 12.9% in South America, 4.3% in Oceania, 3.7% in Asia and 0% in Africa. A similar picture for LinkedIn is seen. The #ASCRS17 meeting saw the highest participation of users to date (979 participants, over 7000 individual tweets and nearly 14 million impressions).ConclusionSM engagement by colorectal surgeons continues to increase. Significant geographical variation is noted, suggesting that SM's unique potential for education and networking may not yet be widely appreciated globally. Future work should include further analysis into tweet contents to gain insights and optimize the use of SM as an educational adjunct.
Judgment and condemnation: How we love it!
Authors: Peters Ted 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe violence and death in Charlottesville on August 14, 2017 led to a national and even international barrage of condemnations of white supremacy along with condemnations of those who were slow to condemn. Why do we like to judge and condemn? And why do we do it with such passion and zeal? If the biblical gospel proclaims that we are justified before God by grace and not via self‐justification through condemnation, could we turn our attention more directly to those victimized by the conflict at hand? Specifically, could we listen to the voices of African Americans, Jews, America's Deep South, America's Southwest, and the disenfranchised white working class?
Fifty years of American polarization and the changing roles of faith communities
Authors: LaHurd Carol Schersten 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe 2016 election of Donald Trump as president and the first year of his administration have been accompanied by intensified social and political divides in the United States. A comparison of today's polarization with that during the Vietnam War and civil rights movement of the 1960s suggests strategies for bridging the divides—and in particular for an expanding role by faith communities.
A third way: Developing a planetary spirituality
Authors: Bauman Whitney A. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractGlobalization has brought the world closer together, but it has come with a cost. Over the past several decades, it seems our only two options for moving ahead are through continued globalization of a neoliberal model of economics as usual, or some sort of return to nationalism. Many countries are facing the challenges of globalization and opting for one or the other of these models to deal with a globalized world. Might there be a third way? Perhaps religious leaders can help bring about a third, planetary model that helps us to navigate between the ills of neoliberalism and nationalism, and toward an understanding of a planetary vision of spirituality, ethics, and citizenship.
Faith in Christ today: An engagement with Klaus Nürnberger
Authors: Peters Ted 
Published: March 2018

AbstractToday's Lutheran theologian must retrieve his or her particular Christian tradition while articulating the faith for our globalized twenty‐first‐century context. South African Klaus Nürnberger's new two‐volume systematic theology, Faith in Christ Today, adds heat to the current creative flurry of red‐hot systematic theologies. Nürnberger, who is oriented both to God's future and the world's future, places the theological articulation of the faith within the context of the worldwide and multi‐cultural Christian church. We all can learn from Nürnberger.
Recovery from hypogonadism and male health in adult allogeneic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Schneidewind Laila , Neumann Thomas , Probst Kai A. , Schmidt Christian A. , Krüger William 
Published: March 2018

AbstractObjectiveThere is a substantial lack of data about men`s health in adult allogeneic stem cell transplantation.MethodsWe conducted prospective unicentric non‐interventional clinical study on men′s health with a follow‐up time of 1 year.ResultsBetween 11/2013 and 12/2015, we were able to include 27 patients. AML was the most frequent underlying disease (25.9%), and we mainly used intermediate intense conditioning protocols (77.8%). Erectile dysfunction, loss of libido, and loss of efficiency were the most frequent symptoms of hypogonadism. At inclusion of the study, hypogonadism was already frequent. Primary hypogonadism was found in eight cases (29.6%) and secondary hypogonadism in one case (3.7%). We did not observe hypogonadism 6 months after inpatient treatment anymore, but there might still be the impairment of fertility because of still rising FSH levels at the end of the observation period. There were no significant associations of hypogonadism with myeloablative conditioning or kind of donor. Interestingly, there is a significant association with nicotine abuse (P = .049).ConclusionsOn the whole, male hypogonadism was found in one‐third of the patients who underwent allogeneic stem cell transplantation.
Stress and Relationship Functioning in Same‐Sex Couples: The Vulnerabilities of Internalized Homophobia and Outness
Authors: Totenhagen Casey J. , Randall Ashley K. , Lloyd Kayla 
Published: March 2018

ObjectiveWe examined whether high levels of internalized homophobia and low levels of openness about one's sexual identity (“outness”) were enduring vulnerabilities for same‐sex couples' relationship functioning.BackgroundThe vulnerability–stress–adaptation (VSA) model describes how stress can impact relationship functioning. This model has predominately been applied to the study of heterosexual couples, which leaves a dearth of literature on enduring vulnerabilities specific to same‐sex couples' relationship functioning.MethodDyadic longitudinal data from a convenience sample of 81 same‐sex couples were collected. Internalized homophobia and outness were assessed at baseline followed by 14‐day daily diaries assessing external stress and relationship functioning (i.e., severity of conflict, relationship quality, and commitment). Hypotheses were tested using longitudinal actor–partner interdependence models and multilevel modeling.ResultsOn days that individuals with high (but not low) levels of internalized homophobia reported greater daily stress, they also reported greater severity of conflict and poorer relationship quality. On days that individuals with low (but not high) outness had a partner report greater daily stress, the individual reported lower commitment.ConclusionHypotheses were partially supported; high levels of internalized homophobia and low outness were shown to be potential enduring vulnerabilities for individuals in a same‐sex relationship.ImplicationsHelping same‐sex couples cope with their own and their partner's daily stress, as well as working to decrease internalized homophobia while increasing openness about their sexuality, may help to promote relational functioning.
Movements and behaviors of swordfish Xiphias gladius in the United States Pacific Leatherback Conservation Area
Authors: Sepulveda Chugey A. , Aalbers Scott A. , Heberer Craig , Kohin Suzy , Dewar Heidi 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThis study reports on the movements of swordfish tagged within the Pacific Leatherback Conservation Area (PLCA), an expansive region (>500,000 km2) off the U.S. West Coast that has been seasonally restricted to drift‐gillnet fishing since 2001 to reduce leatherback sea turtle (Dermochelys coricea) interactions. Thirteen swordfish were outfitted with satellite‐linked archival tags scheduled for short (2–20 days, n = 11) and longer‐term (150 days, n = 2) data collection. All tags were deployed on basking swordfish using traditional harpoon‐based methods during the fall of 2012–2013, near offshore seamounts (35.6°N/122.9°W to 37.4°N/123.5°W). Depth and temperature data from 11 swordfish (~90 to 150 kg) resulted in <251 days of movement information from the PLCA region. All tagged individuals exhibited surface‐oriented nocturnal movements, spending >99% of the night above the average thermocline depth (37.5 m), with an average night depth of 8.3 ± 1.6 m. Daytime depth distribution was greater and more variable (mean 107.1 ± 21.2 m), with fish primarily displaying three behavioral patterns: (i) basking activity, 16.7% of the day, (ii) a mixed‐layer distribution between 3 m and the thermocline (26.8% of the day), and (iii) prolonged dives below the thermocline, 56.5% of the day. For seven of the tracks, daytime basking rates increased when thermocline depth was <37 m. As fish moved offshore, there was less variability in vertical movements with a reduction in both basking activity and mixed layer occupancy, as well as an increase in average daytime depth. These data are discussed with respect to the potential development of alternative fishery options for the PLCA.
Simultaneous In Situ Analysis of Carbon and Nitrogen Isotope Ratios in Organic Matter by Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Ishida Akizumi , Kitajima Kouki , Williford Kenneth H. , Tuite Michael L. , Kakegawa Takeshi , Valley John W. 
Published: March 2018

An in situ measurement method for simultaneous determination of carbon and nitrogen isotope ratios in organic matter was developed by secondary ion mass spectrometry with a spatial resolution of ~ 12 μm. Secondary ion intensities of 12C−2, 12C13C−, 12C14N− and 12C15N− were simultaneously measured by three Faraday cups and one electron multiplier. Ions of 12C2H− were measured to monitor hydride interferences and to correct for mass bias. The analytical precisions of δ13C and δ15N values of a reference material (UWLA‐1 anthracite) were 0.16‰ and 0.56‰, respectively (2s). A negative correlation was observed between the mass bias of carbon and 12C2H−/12C−2 ratios of examined reference materials. In contrast, there was no correlation between mass bias and hydrogen concentration for nitrogen. The δ13CVPDB and δ15NAir values of twenty‐two individual globules of organic matter, found in carbonate rock of the 1878 Ma Gunflint Formation, were determined by the new procedure, ranging from −33.8‰ to −33.3‰ and +4.2‰ to 5.8‰, respectively. Means of δ13CVPDB and δ15NAir values, −33.5 ± 0.25‰ and +5.2 ± 0.81‰, are consistent with reported values from bulk sample analysis within analytical precision.
MoisturEC: A New R Program for Moisture Content Estimation from Electrical Conductivity Data
Authors: Terry Neil , Day‐Lewis Frederick D. , Werkema Dale , Lane John W. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractNoninvasive geophysical estimation of soil moisture has potential to improve understanding of flow in the unsaturated zone for problems involving agricultural management, aquifer recharge, and optimization of landfill design and operations. In principle, several geophysical techniques (e.g., electrical resistivity, electromagnetic induction, and nuclear magnetic resonance) offer insight into soil moisture, but data‐analysis tools are needed to “translate” geophysical results into estimates of soil moisture, consistent with (1) the uncertainty of this translation and (2) direct measurements of moisture. Although geostatistical frameworks exist for this purpose, straightforward and user‐friendly tools are required to fully capitalize on the potential of geophysical information for soil‐moisture estimation. Here, we present MoisturEC, a simple R program with a graphical user interface to convert measurements or images of electrical conductivity (EC) to soil moisture. Input includes EC values, point moisture estimates, and definition of either Archie parameters (based on experimental or literature values) or empirical data of moisture vs. EC. The program produces two‐ and three‐dimensional images of moisture based on available EC and direct measurements of moisture, interpolating between measurement locations using a Tikhonov regularization approach.
Un compromis de classe positif au sein d'une chaîne de production mondialisée? Le cas du protocole sur la liberté syndicale signé dans le secteur du vêtement de sport en Indonésie
Authors: SIEGMANN Karin Astrid , MERK Jeroen , KNORRINGA Peter 
Published: March 2018

RésuméLes initiatives privées participent à la gouvernance du travail au sein des chaînes de valeur mondiales, mais les travailleurs n'y jouent souvent qu'un rôle accessoire. Face à ce constat, les auteurs reprennent les thèses de Wright (2000) sur les conditions d'un «compromis de classe positif» et les appliquent à l'analyse du protocole sur la liberté syndicale signé dans le secteur du vêtement de sport en Indonésie. Ils concluent que les initiatives privées ne contribueront au travail décent que si elles s'appuient sur des syndicats locaux suffisamment puissants et si producteurs et acheteurs se trouvent dans une situation de dépendance effective vis‐à‐vis des travailleurs.
Une jeunesse stigmatisée: l'influence du chômage précoce sur le chômage ultérieur
Authors: SCHMILLEN Achim , UMKEHRER Matthias 
Published: March 2018

RésuméLe chômage rencontré au début du parcours professionnel favorise‐t‐il le chômage ultérieur? Pour le savoir, les auteurs suivent la trajectoire de quelque 700 000 actifs allemands sur une période de vingt‐quatre ans en utilisant des données administratives appariées employeurs‐salariés. Grâce à la méthode des variables instrumentales (l'instrument étant ici la fermeture de l'entreprise), ils font apparaître des séquelles durables du chômage précoce, chaque nouvelle journée chômée pendant les huit premières années de vie active augmentant d'une demi‐journée en moyenne le chômage des seize années suivantes. Selon des régressions quantiles, le caractère prolongé et répété des épisodes de chômage initial renforce sensiblement cet «effet cicatrice».
Talking about Integration: The Voices of Syrian Refugees Taking Part in Introduction Programmes for Integration into Swedish Society
Authors: Bucken‐Knapp Gregg , Fakih Zainab , Spehar Andrea 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe significant increase in the number of refugees entering the European Union and the low employment rates among them remain pressing issues across Europe. While previous research has mainly focused on refugee integration prospects from the policymakers’ point of view, we shift the analytical focus to how refugees perceive the introduction programme experience, examining the case of Syrian refugees to Sweden. Drawing upon semi‐structured interviews with Syrian refugees, our results suggest that the quality of language training, the complexity of the validation process for educational qualifications and the lengthy administrative procedures are perceived as important barriers hindering the access of refugees to the Swedish labour market. These barriers are differently perceived, especially by those with differing levels of education. This highlights the utility of an intersectional approach, and the continued need to explore the diversity of migrant experiences when assessing integration policies and programmes.
Racism & Health: A public health perspective on racial discrimination
Authors: Cobbinah Stefania Sarsah , Lewis Jan 
Published: March 2018

AbstractRacial discrimination has been increasingly reported to have a causal link with morbidity and mortality of Black Americans, yet this issue is rarely addressed in a public health perspective. Racism affects health at different levels: institutional racism is a structural and legalized system that results in differential access to health services; cultural racism refers to the negative racial stereotypes, often reinforced by media, that results in poorer psychological and physiological wellbeing of the minorities. Lastly, interpersonal racism refers to the persistence of racial prejudice that seriously undermines the doctor‐patient relationship. After analysing these concepts with examples and relevant studies, this paper explores current literature. Racism as a Determinant of Health: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analyses (Paradies et al, 2015) is the most recent and comprehensive research on the issue, yet it cannot be used to base public health interventions as it contains several limitations. Forward Through Ferguson: A Path Toward Racial Equity (Ferguson Commission, 2015) is a report that identifies 4 priority areas for framing public health interventions: Racial Equity, Justice for All, Youth at the Centre and Opportunity to Thrive. This study represents an important milestone in the application of public health on racial injustices, yet racism must be tackled with a sustained, multilevel, and interdisciplinary approach. In conclusion, this paper addresses how public health interventions can empower Black minorities and bring forward long‐term policies. Racism is a structural and long‐standing system that can be eliminated only with the collective effort.
Linking Industrial Ecology and Ecological Economics: A Theoretical and Empirical Foundation for the Circular Economy
Authors: Bruel Aurélien , Kronenberg Jakub , Troussier Nadège , Guillaume Bertrand 
Published: March 2018

SummaryThe circular economy (CE) is a new model for the production and consumption of goods, which has attracted wide political attention as a strategy toward sustainability. However, the theoretical foundation of CE remains poorly structured and insufficiently explored. Recent studies have shown that the CE model draws on different schools of thought and that its origins are mainly rooted in fields such as industrial ecology (IE) and ecological economics (EE). In this article, we investigate the links between CE, IE, and EE and provide an overview of the similarities and differences between these fields. At the same time, we analyze to what extent the linkages between IE and EE can create a coherent body of knowledge for CE, and be used to identify further research opportunities. This paper shows that, until now, research on CE seems to be mainly rooted in the field of IE and based on concepts and tools that already exist in other fields, rather than inventing new ones. The reconciliation of IE and EE could provide a mechanism to extend beyond such a narrow focus, and increase knowledge of the theoretical and practical framework of CE to benefit sustainability.