bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A spatiotemporal natural-human database to evaluate road development impacts in an Amazon trinational frontier
Authors: Klarenberg Geraldine , Muñoz-Carpena Rafael , Perz Stephen , Baraloto Christopher , Marsik Matthew , Southworth Jane , Zhu Likai 
Published: June 2019

AbstractRoad construction and paving bring socio-economic benefits to receiving regions but can also be drivers of deforestation and land cover change. Road infrastructure often increases migration and illegal economic activities, which in turn affect local hydrology, wildlife, vegetation structure and dynamics, and biodiversity. To evaluate the full breadth of impacts from a coupled natural-human systems perspective, information is needed over a sufficient timespan to include pre- and post-road paving conditions. In addition, the spatial scale should be appropriate to link local human activities and biophysical system components, while also allowing for upscaling to the regional scale. A database was developed for the tri-national frontier in the Southwestern Amazon, where the Inter-Oceanic Highway was constructed through an area of high biological value and cultural diversity. Extensive socio-economic surveys and botanical field work are combined with remote sensing and reanalysis data to provide a rich and unique database, suitable for coupled natural-human systems research.
Multitask learning and benchmarking with clinical time series data
Authors: Harutyunyan Hrayr , Khachatrian Hrant , Kale David C. , Ver Steeg Greg , Galstyan Aram 
Published: June 2019

AbstractHealth care is one of the most exciting frontiers in data mining and machine learning. Successful adoption of electronic health records (EHRs) created an explosion in digital clinical data available for analysis, but progress in machine learning for healthcare research has been difficult to measure because of the absence of publicly available benchmark data sets. To address this problem, we propose four clinical prediction benchmarks using data derived from the publicly available Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care (MIMIC-III) database. These tasks cover a range of clinical problems including modeling risk of mortality, forecasting length of stay, detecting physiologic decline, and phenotype classification. We propose strong linear and neural baselines for all four tasks and evaluate the effect of deep supervision, multitask training and data-specific architectural modifications on the performance of neural models.
Mechanistic study of PpIX accumulation using the JFCR39 cell panel revealed a role for dynamin 2-mediated exocytosis
Authors: Kitajima Yuya , Ishii Takuya , Kohda Takeo , Ishizuka Masahiro , Yamazaki Kanami , Nishimura Yumiko , Tanaka Tohru , Dan Shingo , Nakajima Motowo 
Published: June 2019

Abstract5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) has recently been employed for photodynamic diagnosis (ALA-PDD) and photodynamic therapy (ALA-PDT) of various types of cancer because hyperproliferating tumor cells do not utilize oxidative phosphorylation and do not efficiently produce heme; instead, they accumulate protoporphyrin IX (PpIX), which is a precursor of heme that is activated by violet light irradiation that results in the production of red fluorescence and singlet oxygen. The efficiencies of ALA-PDD and ALA-PDT depend on the efficient cellular uptake of 5-ALA and the inefficient excretion of PpIX. We employed the JFCR39 cell panel to determine whether tumor cells originating from different tissues can produce and accumulate PpIX. We also investigated cellular factors/molecules involved in PpIX excretion by tumor cells with the JFCR39 cell panel. Unexpectedly, the expression levels of ABCG2, which has been considered to play a major role in PpIX extracellular transport, did not show a strong correlation with PpIX excretion levels in the JFCR39 cell panel, although an ABCG2 inhibitor significantly increased intracellular PpIX accumulation in several tumor cell lines. In contrast, the expression levels of dynamin 2, which is a cell membrane-associated molecule involved in exocytosis, were correlated with the PpIX excretion levels. Moreover, inhibitors of dynamin significantly suppressed PpIX excretion and increased the intracellular levels of PpIX. This is the first report demonstrating the causal relationship between dynamin 2 expression and PpIX excretion in tumor cells.
Nicotine protects fetus against LPS-induced fetal growth restriction through ameliorating placental inflammation and vascular development in late pregnancy in rats*
Authors: Bao Junjie , Zou Yong , Liu Yuanyuan , Yuan Li , Garfield Robert E. , Liu Huishu 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Our previous work has shown that nicotine suppressed lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced placental inflammation by inhibiting cytokine release as well as infiltration of leukocytes into the placenta through the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway. Nicotine also increased fetal survival and restored pup weight. In the present study, we aim to further investigate if fetal growth restriction (FGR) occurs with LPS treatment, and evaluate the protective effects of nicotine on fetuses in late gestation of rats. Pregnant Sprague–Dawley rats were divided into control group, nicotine group, LPS group and LPS + nicotine group. Rats were first pretreated with nicotine or vehicle by subcutaneous injection on gestation day (GD)14 and GD15, followed by LPS or vehicle intraperitoneal injection on GD16, and were killed on GD18. Loss of fetuses, number and weights of live fetuses and weights of placentas were recorded. Placentas were collected to evaluate placental pathology and determine inflammatory cytokines and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels. We found that LPS treatment increased levels of placental inflammatory cytokines and placental pathological damage, decreased levels of VEGF, reduced number of live fetuses and induced FGR. Pretreatment with nicotine reversed LPS-induced high levels of placental inflammatory cytokines, low levels of placental VEGF and placental pathological damage, then rescued the number and weights of live fetuses. These data demonstrated that activation of the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway by nicotine protected fetus against LPS-induced FGR through ameliorating placental inflammation and vascular development in late pregnancy in rats. It may be an alternative therapeutic strategy for inflammation- induced FGR in late pregnancy.
Fasten bei chronisch entzündlichen
Darmerkrankungen
Authors: Ritzmann-Widderich Martha 
Published: June 2019

ZusammenfassungDie Diagnose einer chronisch entzündlichen Darmerkrankung (CED) bedeutet für die
Betroffenen meist einen Einschnitt in ihren Alltag, sowohl im Beruf als auch
privat. Die Krankheitslast beeinträchtigt auch die Lebensqualität. Zusätzlich
haben CED-Patienten ein 7,5-fach höheres Risiko für Begleiterkrankungen – wie
etwa Asthma, Psoriasis und rheumatoide Arthritis. Erfahrungsheilkundliche
Methoden inkl. Fasten können bei CED eine Remission erzielen.
Therapeutisches Potenzial der nicht kodierenden RNAs für die akute und chronische Myokardischämie
Authors: Rogg Eva-Maria , Dimmeler Stefanie 
Published: June 2019

ZusammenfassungEin Myokardinfarkt führt unter anderem zum Zelltod von Kardiomyozyten, dem eine mit Fibrose und Remodeling der Ventrikel verbundene Verletzungsreaktion des Herzens folgt. Nicht kodierende RNAs, insbesondere microRNAs, zeigen nach einem Infarkt bekanntlich verschiedene Aktivitäten im Herzen und steuern Verletzungsreaktionen und die Reparatur, indem sie den Tod der Kardiomyozyten, das Gefäßwachstum und die Herzfibrose beeinflussen. Zusätzlich können mehrere microRNAs moduliert werden, um die Herzregeneration zu beeinflussen. Derzeit werden in ersten Phase-I-Studien spezifische microRNA-Inhibitoren für ausgewählte microRNAs, sogenannte antimiRs, zur therapeutischen Anwendung am Menschen getestet. Neuere Studien weisen außerdem darauf hin, dass auch die weniger gut untersuchten langen nicht kodierenden RNAs gezielt beeinflusst werden können, um die Herzfunktion nach Infarkt zu verbessern. Der vorliegende Artikel fasst neuartige Ansätze zusammen, die auf nicht kodierende RNAs als therapeutische Option zur Förderung der Herzreparatur und -regeneration abzielen.
Long-Term Variations of Antithyroperoxidase Antibodies and its Clinical Significance
Authors: Keyhanian Masoumeh , Sarvghadi Farzaneh , Mehran Ladan , Amouzegar Atieh , Beigy Maani , Tohidi Maryam , Azizi Fereidoun 
Published: June 2019

AbstractVarious cut-offs have been proposed for thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPOAb) positivity. Considering that the long-term trend of TPOAb levels and its positivity incidence is not clearly understood, we conducted the current study to determine the longitudinal variations of TPOAb in a population-based cohort study. We followed 5783 individuals of Tehran Thyroid cohort Study (TTS) for 10 years (4 phases). After exclusions, data of 3493 euthyroid participants remained for analyses. The baseline prevalence rates of TPOAb positivity were 19.8, 17, and 11.4% and the annual incidence rates (95% CI) of TPOAb positivity were 8.53 (8.29–8.77), 7.59 (7.37–7.80) and 6.79 (6.60–6.98) per 1000 persons for the 3 proposed cut-offs of 14.77, 18.38, and 40 U/l; respectively. Although a slightly increasing trend was observed for TPOAb levels (p=0.001) and its conventional positivity (TPOAb>40U/l), the recently proposed cut-offs of 14.77 and 18.38 U/l showed constant TPOAb positivity over 10 years. The time trends of the TPOAb levels among younger participants were significantly different from older participants (time×age effect p=0.004), with the former having an increasing trend and the latter, a relatively decreasing trend. Although the prevalence of TPOAb positivity was significantly (p<0.001) higher among women as compared to men, the longitudinal changes of TPOAb were similar in men and women. TPOAb positivity along with TSH values between 2.5 and 5.0 mU/l or free T4 values between 0.93 and 1.7 ng/dl exerted a significantly increased risk of subclinical or overt hypothyroidism. In an iodine sufficient population, an increasing trend in TPOAb levels was observed in line with the increasing incidence of subclinical and overt hypothyroidism.
Neuroendocrine Control, Inflammation, and Psychological Aspects After Interdisciplinary Therapy in Obese Women
Authors: Moraes Amanda dos Santos , Cipullo Marcos Alberto Taddeo , Poli Vanessa Fadanelli Schoenardie , Rebelo Renata Astride , Ribeiro Eliane Beraldi , Oyama Lila Missae , Silva Stephan Garcia Andrade , Damaso Ana Raimunda , Padovani Ricardo da Costa , Caranti Danielle Arisa 
Published: June 2019

AbstractObesity is a chronic and multifactorial disease promoted by positive energy balance. The objective was to evaluate the effects of interdisciplinary therapy in the neuroendocrine control of food intake, inflammatory markers, and psychological aspects in obese women. Forty-seven obese women (43.32±5.82 years, 34.86±3.08 kg/m2), aged 30–50 years, participated in an interdisciplinary lifestyle change therapy, consisting of nutritional counseling, physical exercises, and psychological therapy for 36 weeks. After the long-term therapy, there was a decrease in body weight (Δ –5.36 kg), BMI (Δ –2.01 kg/m2), abdominal (Δ –9.09 cm), hip (Δ –5.03 cm), and thigh (Δ –5.07 cm) perimeters. There was also a significant improvement in body composition, with an increase in fat-free mass (Δ 1.60%) and reduction of body fat (Δ –3.74 kg). The therapy proposed also provided an improvement in depression scores (Δ –6.63), anxiety (Δ –4.07), body image (Δ –25.25), and binge eating (Δ –5.25). There was a significant reduction in serum levels of leptin (Δ –15.62 ng/ml). The interdisciplinary therapy was able to provide both, physical and psychological benefits in energy balance, which enables the use of this model as a feasible clinical strategy for the treatment of obesity.
The Association Between Osteocalcin and C-Reactive Protein; A Relation of Bone with Inflammation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Fatahi Somaye , Ghaedi Ehsan , Mousavi Seyed Mohammad , Bawadi Hiba , Rahmani Jamal , Pezeshki Mehran , Varkaneh Hamed Kord 
Published: June 2019

AbstractA meta-analysis was performed to summarize the evidence from observational studies regarding the association between serum osteocalcin (OC) and C-reactive protein (CRP). A systemic research of the literature databases including PubMed, SCOPUS, and Google Scholar was performed to identify the relevant studies up to March 2018. We used the random-effects model by the method of DerSimonian and Laird to calculate the overall effect size. Q-test and I
2-statistics were used to assess between-study heterogeneity. In addition, we did subgroup analysis to detect possible sources of heterogeneity based on BMI range, gender, type of study population and age. We identified 21studies of association between serum osteocalcin and CRP eligible for the meta-analysis. The overall effect size showed a significant inverse association between OC and CRP (Fisher’s z=–0.127; 95% CI: –0.166, –0.088, p<0.0001). However, the significant chi-squared statistic result, indicates a heterogeneity of effect sizes (I
2=61.6, df=20, p<0.0001). The subgroup analysis found BMI range, type of study population, and age were the potential sources of heterogeneity. In addition, the strongest correlation was observed in the subgroup of obese subjects (Fisher’s z=–0.264, p=0.002), less than 40 years old (Fisher’s z=–0.115, p<0.0001) and healthy subjects (Fisher’s z=–0.115, p<0.0001). These findings suggest that there is a significant inverse association between serum OC and CRP levels in the adult population.
Biomarker des Myokardinfarkts mit nicht obstruierten Koronararterien
Authors: Tröbs Sven-Oliver , Prochaska Jürgen H. , Wild Philipp Sebastian 
Published: June 2019

ZusammenfassungDer akute Myokardinfarkt mit nicht obstruierten Koronararterien (MINOCA) ist durch ein Fehlen von Koronarstenosen ≥ 50% in der Koronarangiografie gekennzeichnet. Die Datenlage zum MINOCA ist aufgrund der heterogenen Erfassung der Erkrankung und der zumeist ungeklärten Ätiologie in den meisten Studien begrenzt. Der MINOCA weist eine Häufigkeit 5,8 – 11,2% auf und tritt im Schnitt ca. 2 – 3 Jahre früher als der klassische Myokardinfarkt auf. Zum klinischen Profil der Patienten lassen sich aufgrund der Studienlage nur eingeschränkt Aussagen treffen. Diagnostischer Standard ist die kardiale Magnetresonanztomografie, mit der die Klärung der Genese in ca. 75% der Fälle gelingt. Die Letalität ist niedriger als die des klassischen Myokardinfarkts, wobei die Betroffenen vornehmlich an nicht kardiovaskulären Ursachen versterben. Dennoch hat die Troponinkonzentration einen prognostischen Nutzen. Für ACE-Hemmer, AT1-Rezeptorantagonisten und Statine wird ein letalitätssenkender Effekt vermutet.
Umfassende präoperative Evaluation von Patienten mit Lungenkrebs
Authors: Ewig S. , Larrosa-Lombardi S. , Halboos A. , Hecker E. 
Published: June 2019

ZusammenfassungAnatomische Resektionsverfahren sind unverändert etablierter Standard in der kurativen Behandlung des nichtkleinzelligen Lungenkarzinoms in den Stadien I – III und einiger kleinzelliger Lungenkarzinome.Die Angaben in der Literatur zur Letalität sowie den Komplikationsraten der Resektionsverfahren schwanken jedoch erheblich. Eine Variable, die das Operationsergebnis maßgeblich beeinflusst, ist die Auswahl der Kandidaten für eine Resektion sowie die Bestimmung des Umfangs der Resektion auf dem Boden einer adäquaten Durchführung und Interpretation einer umfassenden mehrdimensionalen präoperativen Evaluation. Elemente dieser Evaluation sind entsprechend verfügbarer Daten und Leitlinien: der ECOG-Score; kardiales Assessment, ggf. zerebrovaskuläres Assessment; pulmonales Assessment, ggf. mit Ergebnissen der Split-Funktionsanalysen, jeweils ggf. nach Therapie bzw. Adjustierung einer Therapie; bei Patienten über 70 Jahren: Score zur allgemeinen Funktionalität (IADL).Im Rahmen dieser Evaluation ergeben sich demnach 3 verschiedene Risikogruppen: Patienten mit einem geringen Risiko für intra- und postoperative Komplikationen und Letalität; Patienten mit einem entsprechend erhöhten Risiko; Patienten, die als inoperabel eingeschätzt werden.Um eine autonome Entscheidung des Patienten über die optimale Therapie auf dem Hintergrund definierter Risiken zu ermöglichen, ist zudem auch die Kenntnis des Patienten, seiner Präferenzen und Wertmaßstäbe sowie seiner familiären und sozialen Einbindung unverzichtbar.
Moderate Consumption of Red Meat, Compared to Soy or Non-Soy Legume, Has No Adverse Effect on Cardio-Metabolic Factors in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Hassanzadeh-Rostami Zahra , Hemmatdar Zeinab , Pishdad Gholam Reza , Faghih Shiva 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Background Recently, it has been proposed that red meat consumption could enhance risk of diabetes and worsen lipid profile and glycemic status, in comparison with soy or non-soy legume, but the results of clinical trials are controversial.
Objectives This study aimed to compare the effect of red meat, soy bean, and non-soy legume consumption on cardio-metabolic factors in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Methods This was a randomized controlled clinical trial which included 75 patients with diabetes, aged 40–65 years. Participants were randomly allocated to receive two servings of red meat (control group), soy bean, or non-soy legume, 3 days a week for 8 weeks. All groups also received a balanced-macronutrients weight maintenance diet. Body composition and cardio-metabolic factors including fasting blood glucose (FBG), fasting insulin, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), serum lipids, and blood pressure were measured at baseline and endpoint of the study. Quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI) score and Framingham risk score (FRS) were also computed.
Results We found no significant differences in changes of FBG, fasting insulin, HbA1c, QUICKI score, serum lipids, FRS, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure among the 3 groups. Within group analysis showed that FRS reduced significantly in all groups (P<0.05). In addition, systolic (P=0.01) and diastolic (P=0.03) blood pressure reduced within red meat group.
Conclusions Compared to soy bean or non-soy legume, moderate consumption of red meat had no adverse effect on cardio-metabolic factors including FBG, fasting insulin, HbA1C, QUICKI score, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein , high-density lipoprotein , and blood pressure in adults with type 2 diabetes.
Healing and Mortality Rates Following Toe Amputation in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Vassallo Ian Mario , Gatt Alfred , Cassar Kevin , Papanas Nikolaos , Formosa Cynthia 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Background and Aim This single-centre study aimed to determine healing, re-ulceration, re-amputation and mortality rates at one year after toe amputations in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM).
Patients and Methods Eighty-one participants with T2DM admitted for toe amputation were included. Patient characteristics, peripheral circulation and neuropathy status were recorded. Subjects were then followed every 3 months post-amputation for a year.
Results Overall, 59.3% of participants underwent further surgery (n=31 to revise the original amputation site and n=17 to amputate a new site). During 12 months, 45.7% of participants presented with a new ulcer at a different site. Mortality was 7.4%. In 12.4% of participants, the amputation site remained incompletely healed. Only 20.9% had no complications in 12 months. At 12 months, 80.2% of study cohort had a completely healed amputation site.
ConclusionIn conclusion, this study highlighted high re-intervention, re-amputation and new ulceration rates. Strategies to improves these outcomes in such high-risk patients are warranted.
Perioperative Complications in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis Following Primary Total Knee Arthroplasty: An Analysis of 102,898 Patients
Authors: Vakharia Ajit M. , Cohen-Levy Wayne B. , Vakharia Rushabh M. , Sodhi Nipun , Mont Michael A. , Roche Martin W. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThere are conflicting results regarding the impact of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) on total knee arthroplasty (TKA) outcomes. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to compare outcomes of patients with and without RA undergoing primary TKA. Specifically, we assessed (1) 90-day medical complications, (2) 90-day readmission rates, (3) short-term implant-related complications, (4) 1-year mortality, and (5) total global 90-day episode-of-care costs. The authors of the study hypothesize that RA would increase the rate of medical- and implant-related complications, readmission rates, and costs. A retrospective level of evidence III study was conducted using the Medicare standard analytical files from the PearlDiver database. Patients were queried using the International Classification of Disease, ninth revision codes. Patients with RA were randomly matched 1:1 to controls according to age, gender, and Charlson's comorbidity index. Two mutually exclusive cohorts were formed. Medical- and implant-related complications, readmission rates, and costs were analyzed and compared between the cohorts. Statistical analysis using logistic regression was performed calculating odds ratios (OR), 95% confidence intervals (95% CI), and their respective p-values. The query returned 102,898 patients with (n = 51,449) and without (n = 51,449) RA undergoing primary TKA within the Medicare database from 2005 to 2014. Patients with RA had greater odds of medical complications (OR: 2.08, 95% CI: 1.98–2.20, p < 0.001), implant complications (OR: 1.30, 95% CI: 1.24–1.36, p < 0.001), 1-year mortality (OR: 1.35, 95% CI: 0.68–2.70, p = 0.39), total 90-day episode-of-care costs ($16,605 vs. 15,716.53; p < 0.001), and 90-day readmission rates were similar between cohorts (OR: 1.08, 95% CI: 1.05–1.12, p < 0.001). RA increases postoperative complications and costs following primary TKA within Medicare patients. Comprehensive preoperative optimization for patients with a diagnosis of RA may mitigate perioperative complications, thus improving patient outcomes, and ultimately reducing episode-of-care costs.
Possible Approach to Esophageal Lung with Long Tracheobronchial Gap
Authors: Ichino Martina , Pugni Lorenza , Zanini Andrea , Morandi Anna , Mosca Fabio , Macchini Francesco 
Published: June 2019

AbstractEsophageal lung is a rare bronchopulmonary foregut malformation characterized by an anomalous origin of one of the main bronchi which arises from the esophagus. Less than 30 cases are reported in the literature. Therefore, there are no standardized guidelines for the treatment of this condition. We report a case of right esophageal lung diagnosed in a neonate. The patient was treated with thoracoscopic closure of the ectopic main bronchus in the neonatal period, followed by delayed pneumonectomy at 5 months of age. No prosthetic substitute was implanted in the ipsilateral hemithorax after pneumonectomy. The patient is now 4 years old and doing well, postpneumonectomy syndrome was never observed. Our strategy and the possible alternatives are discussed here.