bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ISOLASI, IDENTIFIKASI DAN PRESENTASI IKAN LELE DUMBO (Clarias gariepinus) YANG TERINFEKSI BAKTERI Aeromonas hydrophila YANG DIPELIHARA DI KERAMBA JARING APUNG DI BOZEM MORO KREMBANGAN, SURABAYA
Authors: Prayogi Yudha Teguh , Kusdarwati Rahayu , Kismiyati Kismiyati 
Published: June 2019

Ikan lele dumbo (Clarias gariepinus) merupakan ikan perairan tawar yang banyak dibudidayakan di Indonesia. Meningkatnya permintaan pasar domestik serta peluang ekspor ke beberapa negara, berdampak pula pada semakin meningkatkan minat pengusaha dan pengembangan dari teknologi budidaya intensif pada ikan ini. Ketersediaan ikan lele dumbo masih belum mencukupi permintaan pasar, salah satu penyebabnya adalah tingginya mortalitas ikan lele dumbo yang terinfeksi bakteri Aeromonas hydrophila. Aeromonas hydrophila adalah bakteri penyebab penyakit Motile Aeromonas Septicemia (MAS) yang menyerang beberapa jenis ikan air tawar. Penyakit ini merupakan masalah serius pada usaha budidaya baik budidaya intensif maupun tradisional. Penyakit tersebut di Asia Tenggara, pertama kali terjadi di Jawa Barat pada tahun 1980 yang menyebabkan kematian sebanyak 82,2 ton ikan air tawar dalam sebulan, sementara di Jawa Tengah tahun 1984, sebanyak 1,6 ton ikan lele mati. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui identifikasi dan persentasi bakteri Aeromonas hydrophila pada ikan lele dumbo yang dibudidayakan di bozem Moro Krembangan, Surabaya, Jawa Timur. Metode Penelitian ini adalah metode survey. Parameter utama yang diamati dalam penelitian ini adalah identifikasi dan persentasi bakteri Aeromonas hydrophila pada ikan lele dumbo yang dibudidayakan di bozem Moro Krembangan, Surabaya, Jawa Timur. Sedangkan parameter penunjang dalam penelitian yang dilakukan yaitu nilai kualitas air yang meliputi pH, temperatur, ammonia dan Oksigen terlarut yang diukur selama kegiatan pengambilan sampel dilakukan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari 20 sampel yang diambil dari 2 keramba, 19 ekor ikan positif terinfeksi Aeromonas hydrophila. Nilai persentasi Aeromonas hydrophila yang menginfeksi ikan lele dumbo di Moro Krembangan, Surabaya, Jawa Timur yaitu sebesar 95%.
PERUBAHAN HEMATOLOGI IKAN MAS KOMET (Carassius auratus auratus) AKIBAT INFESTASI Argulus japonicus JANTAN dan Argulus japonicus BETINA
Authors: Riantono Fatih , Kismiyati Kismiyati , Sulmartiwi Laksmi 
Published: June 2019

Penyakit pada budidaya ikan hias terutama yang disebabkan oleh ektoparasit. Ektoparasit merupakan salah satu penyebab menurunnya nilai jual komoditas ikan hias yang ada di Indonesia. Infestasi tingkat akut Argulus. japonicus dapat mengakibatkan kematian dan kerugian ekonomi bagi pembudidaya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perubahan hematologi ikan mas komet (Carassius auratus auratus) yang diinfestasi A. japonicus jantan dan A. japonicus betina pada derajat infestasi berbeda. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Perikanan dan Kelautan Universitas Airlangga dan Laboratorium klinik Kedokteran Hewan Univeristas Airlangga serta Balai Besar Laboratorium Kesehatan Surabaya pada bulan Oktober 2014. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu dengan metode eksperimental. Data hemoglobin, hematokrit, eritrosit, leukosit dianalisa dengan menggunakan ANOVA untuk mengetahui pengaruh perlakuan dalam kelompok penelitian. Penelitian ini menggunakan empat perlakuan dan lima ulangan dengan dua kelompok. Variabel yang diamati dalam penelitian ini adalah perubahan hematologi akibat infestasi A. japonicus. Kegiatan skoring dilakukan untuk menentukan perubahan hematologi ikan mas komet. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa infestasi parasit A. japonicus mengakibatkan perubahan hematologi yaitu hemoglobin, hematokrit, eritrosit, dan leukosit ikan mas komet. Diharapkan dilakukan penelitian lebih lanjut tentang pengaruh lain yang ditimbulkan karena akibat dari infestasi A. japonicus pada ikan. Langkah pencegahan dan pengobatan yang sesuai untuk menjaga kesehatan ikan hias secara umum supaya terlihat tetap mempunyai nilai estetika.
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN EKSTRAK AIR PANAS Spirulina platensis PADA PAKAN TERHADAP KELANGSUNGAN HIDUP DAN TOTAL HEMOSIT UDANG VANAME SETELAH DIINFEKSI DENGAN Vibrio harveyi
Authors: Puspitarani Ayu , Satyantini Woro Hastuti , Kusdarwati Rahayu 
Published: June 2019

Udang vaname (Litopenaeus vannamei) merupakan suatu komoditas perikanan yang memiliki nilai ekonomi penting. Produksi udang vaname (Litopenaeus vannamei) mengalami kendala akibat adanya wabah penyakit. Salah satunya adalah akibat serangan bakteri Vibrio harveyi. Bakteri ini menyebabkan mortalitastinggi. Penanggulanganya umumnya menggunakan antibiotik namun berdampak pada munculnya resistensi bakteri dan residu pada udang. Aplikasi penggunaan bahan alami sebagai imunostimulan seperti Spirulina platensis dalam bentuk ekstrak air panas diketahui memiliki efek stimulator sehingga dapat meningkatkan respon imun pada udang vaname (Litopenaeus vannamei). Respon imun ini diperlihatkan dengan meningkatnya jumlah total hemosit yang berpengaruh langsung dengan nilai kelangsungan hidup. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruhpemberian ekstrak air panas Spirulina platensis pada pakan terhadap total hemosit (Total Haemocyte Count) dan nilai kelangsungan hidup udang vaname setelah diuji tantang dengan bakteri Vibrio harveyi. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah eksperimental menggunakan metode Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 5 perlakuan (0 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg, 400 mg/kg, 600 mg/kg, dan 800 mg/kg) dan 4 kali ulangan. Udang vaname diberikan pakan dengan kandungan ekstrak air panas Spirulina platensis selama 14 hari kemudian pada hari ke-15 udang diuji tantang dengan cara diinjeksi dengan bakteri Vibrio harveyi dosis 106 CFU/ml pada bagian segmen abdominal. Pengamatan terhadap jumlah total hemosit (Total Haemocyte Count) yaitu pada hari ke-0, ke-14, ke-16 dan ke-26. Pengamatan terhadap nilai SR (Survival Rate) dilakukan selama sepuluh hari pasca udang diinfeksi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya peningkatan jumlah total hemosit pada udang vaname (Litopenaeus vannamei) akibat pemberian ekstrak air panas Spirulina platensis dibandingkan dengan perlakuan kontrol (tanpa pemberian ekstrak air panas Spirulina platensis). Pemberian ekstrak air panas Spirulina platensis juga efektif meningkatkan nilai kelangsungan hidup (Survival rate) udang vaname pasca infeksi dengan bakteri Vibrio harveyi dengan perlakuan terbaik pada dosis sebesar 800 mg/kg pakan.
IDENTIFIKASI DAN PREVALENSI CACING ENDOPARASIT PADA IKAN SWANGGI (Priacanthus macracanthus) DI PELABUHAN PERIKANAN NUSANTARA BRONDONG, LAMONGAN
Authors: Liananda Ferry Dwi Firmansyah , Kismiyati Kismiyati , Mahasri Gunanti , Sari Putri Desi Wulan 
Published: June 2019

Ikan swanggi (Priacanthus macracanthus) merupakan salah satu jenis ikan laut yang memiliki kandungan protein sebesar 83,4%. Harga Ikan swanggi (P. macracanthus) mencapai Rp.9.000/kg merupakan ikan yang memiliki permintaan pasar tinggi. Ikan swanggi (P. macracanthus) yang dikonsumsi oleh masyarakat masih berasal dari tangkapan alam, dimana kualitas airnya tidak terkontrol sehingga ikan mudah terserang parasit. Penyakit yang menyerang Ikan swanggi (P. macracanthus) kemungkinan disebabkan oleh faktor kondisi lingkungan yang kurang baik sehingga menurunkan daya tahan tubuh, menyebabkan ikan mudah terinfeksi oleh cacing endoparasit seperti Anisakis simplex. Cacing ini bersifat zoonosis dan dapat menginfeksi manusia, oleh karena itu dilakukan identifikasi dan prevalensi cacing endoparasit pada ikan swanggi (P. macracanthus). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk identifikasi dan mengetahui prevalensi spesies cacing endoparasit apa saja yang menginfeksi ikan swanggi (P. macracanthus) dari hasil tangkapan nelayan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survei melalui pengambilan sampel pada lokasi secara langsung. Lokasi pengambilan sampel ikan ditentukan dengan cara sengaja atau dengan metode purposive sampling (Silalahi, 2003). Metode pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara acak (random sampling) terhadap ikan swanggi (P. macracanthus) di Pelabuhan Perikanan Nusantara Brondong, Lamongan. Hasil penelitian ditemukan Cacing A. simplex pada organ otot dinding dalam abdomen, lambung, ginjal, hati, usus, dan gonad ikan swanggi (P. macracanthus). Faktor yang mempengaruhi ditemukannya Larva stadium tiga A. simplex ialah makanan dari ikan swanggi (P. macracanthus). Umumnya ikan swanggi (P. macracanthus) yang merupakan ikan karnivora memakan invertebrata (copepods atau crustacea) yang mengandung Larva stadium dua Anisakis simplex, cacing ini bersifat zoonosis. Total prevalensi cacing A. simplex yang ditemukan pada ikan swanggi (P. macracanthus) adalah 90 ekor ikan (74,99%).dan termasuk dalam kategori usually.
Pneumonitis Akut dan Gagal Napas Setelah Mendapatkan Injeksi Silikon Cair di Payudara
Authors: Laili Cut Diana , Maranatha Daniel 
Published: June 2019

Background; Liquid silicone is a synthetic polymer incorporating oxygen and the semimetallic element silicon. It is widely used in plastic and reconstructive surgery as it displays little change in physical characteristicswith temperature and age, is poorly immunogenic, and is not carcinogenic. Case; We report a case of a 27-year-old woman presented to the hospital with the chief complain progressive shortness of breath, pleuritic chest pain, productive cough, hemoptysis and fever after liquid silicone injections to the mammae for cosmetic augmentation. Physical examination: tachycardia, tachypneu, hypertermia and diffuse rhonchi throughout the lungs. Abnormalities laboratory tests gave leuchositosis, granulositosis, increasing trassaminase serum, D-dimer elevation, Arterial blood gas analysis results respiratory disstres tipe 1. Chest radiograph showed difus bilateral infiltrates, CT angiography was negative for an acute embolus but demonstrated infiltrates in superior lobus dextra, segment lateral lobus medius dan segment apicoposterior Sinistra. Conclusion; Patients with diagnosis of acut pneumonitis and respiratory disstres syndroma after liquid silicone injection to the mammae, supportive therapy with O2 Ventilator and methylprednisolon low dose gives satisfactory result with radiological and clinical
Pengaruh Jintan Hitam (Nigella Sativa) pada Konversi Sputum dan IFN- γ Penderita Tuberkulosis Paru yang Mendapat OAT Kategori I pada Akhir Minggu Kedua Fase Intensif
Authors: Nurdin Ahmad , Hasan Helmia 
Published: June 2019

Background: Primary resistance is the resistance that occurs in patients who have never received treatment OAT or had ever received treatment OAT is less than 1 month. The incidence of primary MDR in Central Java in 2006 2.07%. Extrapulmonary TB about 15-20% of all cases of TB, and TB lymphadenitis is the highest form (35% of all extrapulmonary TB). Patients with decreased immune systems (SLE) can increase the incidence of TB. Research in Spain get 6x higher TB incidence in patients with SLE. Case: We present the case of 19 year old woman SLE who received treatment for 11 months whose came with shortness of breath and chronic cough since 2 month prior to admission. In physical examination we found right and left submandibula lymphonodi enlargement as solid, slightly mobile nodule with diameter 3 cm. Chest X ray showed lung inflammation which suspicion of specific process and minimal left pleural effusion, and concluded as pulmonary TB. FNAB confirmed lymphadenitis TB with granulomatous inflammation. One of AFB result is positive and Gene Xpert is M.tb positive with rifampicin resistant that make this patient categorized as primary MDR TB with lymphadenitis TB. This patient received Pirazinamid 1500 mg, Ethambutol 800 mg, Kanamicin 750 mg, Levofloxacin 750 mg, Ethionamide 500 mg, Cicloserin 500 mg, and B6 100 mg. Conclusion: MDR TB in general occur in patients with a history of OAT previous TB (MDR TB secondary). Primary MDR TB with lymphadenitis tb is a rare case, but can occur on the condition that decreases the immune system, one of SLE. This involves multiple immune disorders caused by the use of long-term immunosuppressive therapy.
O Sucesso da Empreitada Maçônica no Brasil do Século XIX potencializado pelo Ethos do Rito Escocês Antigo e Aceito
Authors: Tavares Anderson Claytron 
Published: June 2019

O presente artigo mostra que existiu uma sólida estrutura religiosa financiadora da empreitada maçônica nos diversos locais que a mesma teve acesso e que o êxito desse empreendimento só foi possível pela alta carga de capital religioso presente na estrutura da maçonaria; a constituição Maçônica de 1723, os ritos de passagem e as muitas cosmogonias presentes nas antigas obrigações maçônicas, ajudaram no desenvolvimento da ordem elevando a mesma a uma missão de caráter transcendental. Em 1865 quando se tentou laicizar a maçonaria retirando do ritual a invocação do Grande Arquiteto do Universo, verificou-se através da mudança do rito moderno francês que a base religiosa brasileira era muito mais forte e se impôs à Ordem. O estatuto maçônico através de sua herança religiosa dialogou profundamente com os preceitos da estrutura social que lhe deu aporte no século XIX, fornecendo uma forte base que serviu de alicerce para fundamentação de suas convicções. The present article shows that there was a solid religious structure that financed the Masonic enterprise in the various places that it had access and that the success of this enterprise was only possible due to the high load of religious capital present in the structure of Freemasonry; the Masonic constitution of 1723, the rites of passage and the many cosmogonies present in the old Masonic obligations, helped in the development of the order, elevating it to a mission of transcendental character. In 1865, when it was tried to lay Freemasonry by removing from the ritual the invocation of the Great Architect of the Universe, it was verified through the change of the modern French rite that the Brazilian religious base was very strong imposing itself before the Order. The Masonic statute through its religious inheritance deeply dialogue with the precepts of the social structure that gave him support in the nineteenth century, providing a strong foundation that served as a foundation for the foundation of his convictions..
A importância do conceito de pessoa para a compreensão da fé Cristã
Authors: Dos Santos Francisco de Assis Souza , Brotto Julio Cezar de Paula 
Published: June 2019

O presente artigo tem como objetivo apresentar a importância do conceito de pessoa para a compreensão do Cristianismo. O conceito cristão de pessoa é capital para o enfrentamento da vida e seus desafios na perspectiva cristã. O indivíduo que se entende cristão reconhece a si mesmo como pessoa e não apenas como um mero membro de uma instituição religiosa. O artigo também apresenta a relevância desse conceito para que o fiel não se perca em meio a várias possibilidades que tendem a despersonalizá-lo, seja por doutrinamento, dogmas, tradições, indução ou desconhecimento de sua própria individualidade. Não é tarefa simples pensar o conceito de pessoa, pois não estamos diante de um termo unívoco. Dependendo do lugar a partir do qual este termo seja abordado, pode-se notar uma variação na abordagem, possibilitando inúmeros embates teóricos e conflitos interdisciplinares. Trata-se, inicialmente, de um conceito estranho à filosofia grega, marcada bem mais pela compreensão do universal sobre o particular, da alma sobre o corpo, do espírito sobre a matéria. O ser humano é visto então como o resultado do encarceramento da alma no corpo e a vida terrestre, uma decadência ou momento de passagem. É, pois, na Revelação judaico-cristã que se percebem as bases para o conceito de pessoa. O ser humano, em lugar de ser uma decadência em relação ao uno absoluto, é um ser de relação com o divino. Deus chama o ser humano a livremente estar com Ele, dialogar com Ele, numa atitude que tem como alicerce a liberdade. Esta chamado vale para todos os seres humanos e não apenas para um ou outro escolhido. Palavras-chave: Conceito de Pessoa, Trindade, Cristianismo
Heterogenic origin of micro RNAs in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) seminal plasma
Authors: Bizuayehu Teshome Tilahun , Babiak Igor 
Published: June 2019

Abstract

Background
The origin and contribution of seminal plasma RNAs into the whole semen RNA repertoire are poorly known, frequently being overlooked or neglected. Virtually nothing is known about seminal plasma RNAs in fish, including small RNAs, which have regulatory functions in gonadal development.
Results
In this study, we profiled microRNA (miRNA) constituents in the whole semen, as well as in fractionated spermatozoa and seminal plasma of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). Among 306 conserved miRNAs, 85 were differentially accumulated (>2 log-fold change and p-value < 0.01) between spermatozoa and the seminal plasma. We identified a number of seminal plasma-enriched and spermatozoa-enriched miRNAs. We localized the expression of some miRNAs in juvenile and mature testes. Two abundant miRNAs, miR-92a-3p and miR-202-5p, localized to both spermatogonia and somatic supporting cells in immature testis, and they were also highly abundant in somatic cells in mature testis. miR-15c-5p, miR-30d-5p, miR-93a-5p, and miR-730-5p were detected only in mature testis. miRs 92a-3p, 202-5p, 15c-5p, and 30d-5p were detected also in a juvenile ovary in locations corresponding to these from the testis. Additional RT-qPCR experiment demonstrated lack of correlation in miRNA transcript levels in seminal plasma versus blood plasma.
Conclusions
Our results indicate that salmon semen is rich in miRNAs, which are present in both spermatozoa and seminal plasma. The latter ones have partially different profile indicating their heterogenic origin. Testicular supporting somatic cells are likely the source of seminal plasma enrichment, whereas blood plasma unlikely contributes to the seminal plasma miRNA repertoire.
Knowledge, attitudes and intentions to prescribe antibiotics: a structural equation modeling study of primary care institutions in Hubei, China
Authors: Liu Chenxi , Liu Chaojie , Wang Dan , zhang xinping 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Background
Antibiotic resistance is one of the most serious global issues, in which physician's rational prescribing plays critical role. However, the determinants of physician's antibiotic use are still inconclusive, particularly in low- and middle income countries (LMICs). This study aimed to measure physician's knowledge and five important sub-attitudes toward antibiotic prescriptions and their impacts on prescribing.
Methods
A questionnaire survey was conducted on 625 physicians from 67 primary care facilities in Hubei of China. Structural equation modelling (SEM) was applied to test the theoretical framework derived from the theory of Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices (KAP). The attitudes (5 subscales) and behavioral intentions (3 subscales) were measured using a five-point Likert scale ranging from -2 to +2, with a negative score indicating disapproval and a positive score indicating approval of efforts for reducing antibiotic prescriptions.
Results
The study participants had a low level of knowledge about antibiotic prescriptions, giving an average of 54.55% correct answers to 11 questions. Although they were generally concerned about antibiotic resistance resulting from over-prescriptions (Mean of Ignorance=1.28, SD=0.43), and were reluctant to be submissive to pressures from consumer demands for antibiotics (Mean of Complacency=1.29, SD=0.65) and the requirements of defensive practice (Mean of Fear=1.11, SD=0.63), there was a lack of motivation to change prescribing practices (Mean of Indifference=-0.29, SD=0.70). In addition, there was strong agreement that other stakeholders should take the responsibility (Mean of Responsibility Avoidance=-1.15, SD=0.45). The SEM results showed that poor knowledge was a significant predictor (p<0.001) of high intentions to prescribe antibiotics for upper respiratory tract infections and a less positive attitude toward concerns about antibiotic resistance (ignorance) which was also associated with intentions to prescribe antibiotics. However, knowledge was not connected with the negative attitude toward motivation (indifference), a significant predictor (p<0.001) of intentions to refuse to reduce antibiotic prescriptions.
Conclusion
Physicians in primary care facilities in Hubei have low levels of knowledge about antibiotic prescriptions. But actions for improving knowledge by itself is not enough to curb over-prescriptions of antibiotics. The lack of motivation of physicians to change prescribing practices needs to be addressed through a systems approach.
“I DID NOT CHOOSE TO BE OBESE OR OVERWEIGHT”- EXPERIENCES OF STIGMA AMONG MARKET WOMEN IN KANESHIE, GHANA
Authors: Arday Mildred , De-Gaulle Virtue Fiawokome , Agyabeng Kofi , Aryeetey Richmond 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Abstract
Introduction: Excess body fat is associated with impaired physical and socio-emotional health outcomes. There is limited evidence on stigma and discrimination linked with overweight and obesity in developing country settings where rate of overweight is rapidly increasing. The current study explored the experiences of obesity related stigma and discrimination among adult female vendors in the Kaneshie Market in Accra, Ghana.
Method: A mixed concurrent methods was employed, with both qualitative and quantitative data being collected and analysed. The quantitative study was a cross-sectional design, with the qualitative being a phenomenology study. Questionnaires and in-depth interview guides were used to collect data from adult female vendors working at the Kaneshie market. Questionnaires were administered to 266 women sampled systematically to represent vendors in the market and10 in-depth interviews with purposively sampled vendors. The questionnaire was designed to collect data on socio-demographic characteristics and body mass index (BMI) of respondents, whilst the interview guide was designed to elicit information on perceptions and lived experiences of stigma and discrimination linked to weight status. Frequencies were used to describe socio-demographic characteristics of survey respondents. Additionally, the associations between the BMI and socio-demographic characteristics of vendors was also determined using Pearson Chi-Square test and multiple ordered logistic regression test of association. All in-depth interviews were audio-taped, transcribed with thematic analysis used to generate themes describing stigma and discrimination among female vendors at the market.
Results: About half (56%) of the survey respondents were obese. However, most of them misperceived their weight. Obesity was perceived as the result of excessive eating and physically inactive lifestyle. Obese and overweight women reported that they feel blamed for their weight status. Derogatory name calling, limitations to use of public spaces, and denial of opportunities were stigmatizing attitudes experienced by obese and overweight persons.
Conclusion: Obese and overweight persons are perceived to be personally responsible for their weight status, and thus subjected to stigma and discrimination. There is a need for awareness among general public as part of strategy to address stigmatizing and discriminatory attitudes towards obese/overweight persons.