bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A ring in a shell: the large-scale 6D structure of the Vela OB2 complex
Authors: Cantat-Gaudin T. , Mapelli M. , Balaguer-Núñez L. , Jordi C. , Sacco G. , Vallenari A. 
Published: November 2018

Context. The Vela OB2 association is a group of ∼10 Myr stars exhibiting a complex spatial and kinematic substructure. The all-sky Gaia DR2 catalogue contains proper motions, parallaxes (a proxy for distance), and photometry that allow us to separate the various components of Vela OB2.
Aims. We characterise the distribution of the Vela OB2 stars on a large spatial scale, and study its internal kinematics and dynamic history.
Methods. We make use of Gaia DR2 astrometry and published Gaia-ESO Survey data. We apply an unsupervised classification algorithm to determine groups of stars with common proper motions and parallaxes.
Results. We find that the association is made up of a number of small groups, with a total current mass over 2330 M⊙. The three-dimensional distribution of these young stars trace the edge of the gas and dust structure known as the IRAS Vela Shell across ∼180 pc and shows clear signs of expansion.
Conclusions. We propose a common history for Vela OB2 and the IRAS Vela Shell. The event that caused the expansion of the shell happened before the Vela OB2 stars formed, imprinted the expansion in the gas the stars formed from, and most likely triggered star formation.
Association of Trunk Rotational Velocity with Spine Mobility and Curvatures in Para Table Tennis Players
Authors: Zemková Erika , Muyor José , Jeleň Michal 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThis study investigates the relationship of trunk rotational velocity with mobility and curvature of the spine in wheelchair table tennis players. Eleven para table tennis players and 13 able-bodied athletes performed 5 seated trunk rotations to each side with 1 kg barbell placed on the shoulders. Trunk rotational velocity and respective angular displacement were significantly lower in para table tennis players compared to able-bodied athletes. Both groups showed similar values of thoracic kyphosis. However, para table tennis players exhibited lower lumbar inversion and pelvic retroversion compared to able-bodied athletes. Peak and mean velocity in the acceleration phase of trunk rotation correlated with angular displacement in both para table tennis players (r=0.912, p=0.001; r=0.819, p=0.013) and able-bodied athletes (r=0.790, p=0.026; r=0.673, p=0.032). These velocity values were also associated with lumbar curvature (r=-0.787, p=0.003; r=− 0.713, p=0.009) and pelvic tilt angle (r=0.694, p=0.014; r=0.746, p=0.007) in para table tennis players. Findings indicate that slower velocity of trunk rotations in para table tennis players might be due to their limited range of trunk rotational motion. Decreased posterior concavity could also contribute to these lower values. However, other biomechanical factors may have an impact on the association between these variables and have yet to be documented.
Hybrid Arch for Acute Type A Aortic Dissection: When to Deploy the Endograft? Debate: Frozen versus Staged?
Authors: Appoo Jehangir , Fichadiya Akash , Smith Holly , Kotha Vamshi , Herget Eric , Gregory Alexander , Szeto Wilson 
Published: November 2018

AbstractAdvances in open and endovascular techniques have resulted in novel approaches to repair of acute Type A aortic dissection. Hybrid arch procedures involve open arch resection and stent grafting of the descending aorta with stent graft insertion in one of two ways: Frozen or Staged. In this article, pros and cons of the two different paradigms of emerging hybrid arch techniques for acute Type A aortic dissections are discussed.
Infertility Treatments and Long-Term Neurologic Morbidity of the Offspring
Authors: Levin Shai , Sheiner Eyal , Wainstock Tamar , Walfisch Asnat , Segal Idit , Landau Daniella , Sergienko Ruslan , Levitas Eliahu , Harlev Avi 
Published: November 2018

Objective To determine the risk of long-term neurologic morbidity among children (up to 18 years) born following in vitro fertilization (IVF) or ovulation induction (OI) treatments as compared with spontaneously conceived.
Study Design A population-based cohort analysis was performed, including data from the perinatal computerized database on all singleton infants born at the Soroka University Medical Center (SUMC) between the years 1991 and 2014. This perinatal database was linked and cross-matched with the SUMC computerized dataset of all pediatric hospitalizations.
Results Neurologic morbidity was significantly more common in IVF (3.7%) and OI (4.1%) offspring as compared with those following spontaneous pregnancies (3.1%; p = 0.017). In particular, attention deficit/hyperactivity disorders and headaches were more common in the OI group and sleep disorders in the IVF group, whereas autism and cerebral palsy were comparable between the groups. In the Weibull multivariable analysis, while controlling for maternal age, preterm delivery, birthweight centile, maternal diabetes, and hypertensive disorders, IVF (adjusted hazard ratio [HR]: 1.40; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.14–1.71; p = 0.001), but not OI (adjusted HR: 1.17' 95% CI: 0.92–1.48; p = 0.196), was noted as an independent risk factor for long-term pediatric neurologic morbidity.
Conclusion IVF offspring appear to be at an increased risk of long-term neurologic morbidity up to 18 years of age.
Safety of In-Hospital Only Thromboprophylaxis after Fast-Track Total Hip and Knee Arthroplasty: A Prospective Follow-Up Study in 17,582 Procedures
Authors: Petersen Pelle , Kehlet Henrik , Jørgensen Christoffer ,   on behalf of the Lundbeck Foundation Centre for Fast-track Hip and Knee Replacement Collaborative Group
Published: November 2018

AbstractMost international guidelines recommend pharmacological thromboprophylaxis after total hip and knee arthroplasty (THA/TKA) for 10 to 35 days. However, a recent cohort study on fast-track THA and TKA questioned the need for prolonged thromboprophylaxis when length of stay (LOS) is ≤ 5 days. We aimed at re-investigating the incidence of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in fast-track THA and TKA with in-hospital only thromboprophylaxis when LOS was ≤ 5 days. Prospective cohort study from 1 December 2011 to 30 October 2015 on elective unilateral THA/TKA with in-hospital only thromboprophylaxis if LOS was ≤ 5 days. Prospective information on co-morbidity and complete 90-day follow-up through the Danish National Patient Registry and medical records. Patients with pre-operative use of anticoagulants were excluded. In per protocol analysis, 17,582 (95.5%) had LOS of ≤ 5 days (median, 2 [interquartile range, 2–3]) and in-hospital thromboprophylaxis only. Incidence of symptomatic VTE was 0.40%, consisting of 28 (0.16%) pulmonary embolisms (PEs), 38 (0.22%) deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and 4 (0.02%) combined DVT and PE. Two PEs (0.01%) were fatal. VTE-associated risk factors with in-hospital only thromboprophylaxis were age > 85 years, odds ratio (OR) of 3.74 (95% confidence interval: 1.15–12.14, p = 0.028), body mass index (BMI) of 35 to 40, OR of 2.55 (1.02–6.35, p = 0.045) and BMI > 40, OR of 3.28 (1.02–10.56, p = 0.046). In conclusion, 90-day incidence of VTE after fast-track THA and TKA with in-hospital thromboprophylaxis only was 0.40%. Prolonged thromboprophylaxis may be reserved for LOS > 5 days or specific high-risk patients, but requires further studies regarding optimal type and duration of thromboprophylaxis.
Redox dysregulation as a link between childhood trauma and psychopathological and neurocognitive profile in patients with early psychosis
Authors: Alameda Luis , Fournier Margot , Khadimallah Ines , Griffa Alessandra , Cleusix Martine , Jenni Raoul , Ferrari Carina , Klauser Paul , Baumann Philipp S. , Cuenod Michel , Hagmann Patric , Conus Philippe , Do Kim Q. 
Published: November 2018

Significance
Early traumatic experiences interact with redox regulation and oxidative stress. Blood glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity, involved in reducing peroxides, may reflect the oxidation status of the organism, thus allowing for the stratification of patients. Traumatized patients with psychosis who have a high blood oxidation status (high-GPx) have smaller hippocampal volumes (but not a smaller amygdala or intracranial volume), and this is associated with more severe clinical symptoms, while those with a lower oxidation status (low-GPx) showed better cognition and a correlated activation of the antioxidant thioredoxin/peroxiredoxin system. Thus, in patients with psychosis, traumatic experiences during childhood may interact with various redox systems, leading to long-term neuroanatomical and clinical defects. This redox profile may represent important biomarkers for patient stratification, defining treatment strategies at early stages of psychosis.
Empirical Study on the Predictive Power of Rotation Forest
Authors: Sartono Bagus , Raharjo Mulianto , Suhaeni Cici 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
This paper presents the comparison of the predictive power of rotation forest and other classification techniques in the case of classification problem. Rotation forest is an ensemble of many decision trees that utilizing principal component analysis to do some rotation to the original predictor variables before constructing the trees. An empirical study using fourteen different datasets was held to observe how good the prediction resulted by the rotation forest. The authors found that in most of the cases rotation forest perform better compared to logistic regression, tree, and discriminant analysis. We also revealed that the rotation forest fails to have excellent prediction when the predictors are dominated by categorical variables. In general, rotation forest could be a competitive approach to handle classification tasks.
Post-adoption of the candlenut agroforestry in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia
Authors: Umar S , Yodo S , Alam A S , Aslam D , Livawanti  
Published: November 2018

Abstract
This research examined the contribution and effect of socio-economic variables toward the post-adoption of the candlenut agroforestry by using Path Analysis to provide the magnitude and significance of the hypothesized causal connection between the variables. The target population in this research includes all farmers of the agroforestry in Sigimpu and Bakubakulu villages, Palolo sub-district, Sigi District, Central Sulawesi Province of Indonesia (315 farmers) out of which a number of 164 farmers were selected by using Isaac and Michael Table. The path model shows the magnitude of the direct effects to post-adoption was 48.8% and the total effect was 66.5%. The variable of satisfaction on agroforestry inheritance was greater than the variable of satisfaction on income from the agroforestry, while the variable of a number of candlenut trees was the biggest contributor to the exogenous variables. The statistical evidence indicates not only the satisfaction variables affected the post-adoption, but also they sign an important of land tenure security for along term of the management.
Parallel or dependent? The state, chieftaincy and institutions of governance in Ghana
Authors: Adotey Edem 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
In recent policy frameworks, traditional authorities have been (re)assigned roles of directly representing civil society and local communities as key actors in development, leading to questions about the relationship between the chieftaincy institution and the state in governance. Using the example of a chieftaincy dispute between the Sokpoe and Tefle, a Tongu-Ewe people of Ghana, at the heart of which are claims to paramountcy status, this article argues that chieftaincy and the state are not always parallel institutions of governance that derive their legitimacy from different sources. Struggles over chieftaincy hierarchies have become struggles for the preferential recognition by and access to the state conveyed by membership in the Houses of Chiefs. In effect, the chieftaincy institution may be both parallel to and dependent on the state. The article draws attention to the importance of hierarchy in explaining state-chieftaincy relationships because an understanding of the nuances of legitimacy in chieftaincy will enrich how chiefs are engaged as key actors in development.
Imagination and Indigenous Sovereignty in the Trumpian Era
Authors: Mackay James 
Published: November 2018

AbstractTribal sovereignty, at the time of writing directly threatened by actions of the Trump Administration, expresses more than just a bare legal concept. Reviewing six recent texts in American Indian studies, this essay argues that imaginative sovereignty—that is to say, tribal peoples’ creative expression of lived experience of resistance to colonial assault and erasure—cannot be codified in legal terms, and indeed may at times exist in opposition to sovereignty as defined under US federal law. The legal tensions around sovereignty are traced in books by David J. Carlson and Cheryl Suzack and in collections edited by J. Kēhaulani Kauanui and Scott Richard Lyons, and then used as a hermeneutic for assessing works by Mark Rifkin and Leanne Betasamosake Simpson.
Informal Caregiving and Network Turnover Among Older Adults
Authors: Roth Adam R 
Published: November 2018

Abstract

Objectives
Personal network turnover, a combination of lost and added network contacts, is suggested to affect health as well as moderate access to social support and resources. This article tests whether the caregiving process is associated with network turnover in later life and whether the process is different for men and women.

Methods
Network turnover was assessed using two waves of personal network data from the National Social Life, Health, and Aging Project. Network contacts were uniquely identified in each wave making it possible to document contact loss and addition. Rates of change were modeled using Poisson regression.

Results
Respondents transitioning into caregiving lost and added network contacts at higher rates than non-caregivers. Conversely, respondents providing care during both waves and respondents transitioning out of the role saw no significant levels of network turnover. The analysis provided minimal evidence of gender differences.

Discussion
Findings suggest that the initial shift into the caregiving role is associated with notable personal network change. This is an important consideration given that long-term network instability may lead to poor health and limited access to social resources whereas adaptive network change tends to elicit more positive outcomes.
Intradialytic exercise preconditioning: an exploratory study on the effect on myocardial stunning
Authors: Penny Jarrin D , Salerno Fabio R , Brar Ranveer , Garcia Eric , Rossum Krista , McIntyre Christopher W , Bohm Clara J 
Published: November 2018

Abstract

Background
Exercise preconditioning provides immediate protection against cardiac ischemia in clinical/preclinical studies in subjects without chronic kidney disease. In individuals requiring renal replacement therapy, hemodialysis (HD) results in significant circulatory stress, causing acute ischemia with resultant recurrent and cumulative cardiac injury (myocardial stunning). Intradialytic exercise (IDE) has been utilized to improve functional status in individuals receiving HD. The objective of this study was to explore the role of IDE as a preconditioning intervention and assess its effect on HD-induced myocardial stunning.

Methods
We performed a single-center cross-sectional exploratory study in adults on chronic HD participating in a clinical IDE program. HD-induced cardiac stunning was evaluated over two HD sessions within the same week: a control visit (no exercise) and an exposure visit (usual intradialytic cycling). Echocardiography was performed at the same three time points for each visit. Longitudinal strain values for 12 left ventricular segments were generated using speckle-tracking software to assess the presence of HD-induced regional wall motion abnormalities (RWMAs), defined as a ≥20% reduction in strain; two or more RWMAs represent myocardial stunning.

Results
A total of 19 patients were analyzed (mean age 57.2 ± 11.8 years, median dialysis vintage 3.8 years). The mean number of RWMAs during the control visit was 4.5 ± 2.6, falling to 3.6 ± 2.7 when incorporating IDE (a reduction of −0.95 ± 2.9; P = 0.17). At peak HD stress, the mean number of RWMAs was 5.8 ± 2.7 in the control visit versus 4.0 ± 1.8 during the exposure visit (a reduction of −1.8 ± 2.8; P = 0.01).

Conclusion
We demonstrated for the first time that IDE is associated with a significant reduction in HD-induced acute cardiac injury.
Multidisciplinary Authorship Among Infectious Diseases Society of America Clinical Practice Guidelines: Examining the Contributions of Infectious Diseases Pharmacists
Authors: Freeman Lauren K , Lindsay Jasmine N , Davis Sarah Elizabeth B , Norman Brian F , Thompkins April W , Luther Vera P , Ohl Christopher A , Bookstaver P Brandon 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
We describe the proportion of pharmacist representation among current and corresponding prior editions of Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) clinical practice guidelines (CPGs). Pharmacist representation was 13% and 21% in previous and current editions, respectively, increasing significantly since 2011. We advocate for continued collaborations between IDSA and pharmacy organizations to enhance multidisciplinary representation in CPGs.
Serum Albumin Is Associated With Higher Inflammation and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Treated Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection
Authors: Dirajlal-Fargo Sahera , Kulkarni Manjusha , Bowman Emily , Shan Lingpeng , Sattar Abdus , Funderburg Nicholas , McComsey Grace A 
Published: November 2018

Abstract

Background
This study was conducted to explore the associations between serum albumin and markers of inflammation and cardiovascular disease in treated human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected adults.

Methods
We conducted a nested study within in the SATURN-HIV trial in which 147 HIV+ adults on stable antiretroviral therapy were (1) virally suppressed, (2) had a low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol level &lt;130 mg/dL, and (3) were randomized to 10 mg daily rosuvastatin or placebo. Measures of serum albumin, carotid intima media thickness ([cIMT] surrogate marker of atherosclerosis), inflammation, T cells, monocyte activation, and gut integrity were assessed at baseline, 48 and 96 weeks later. Spearman correlations and linear mixed-effect models were used to assess associations with serum albumin.

Results
Mean age was 45 years, 80% of participants were male, and 69% were African American. Mean serum albumin was similar between the groups at all time points (4.01–4.09 g/dL in statin arm vs 4.02–4.11 g/dL in placebo arm; P = .08–0.35). Lower baseline serum albumin significantly predicted larger changes in cIMT, interleukin 6, D-dimer, tumor necrosis factor α receptor 1, fibrinogen, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (P ≤ .03) over 96 weeks independently of statin therapy. After adjusting for age, gender, smoking, body mass index, creatinine clearance, and LDL cholesterol, every 1 g/dL decrease in serum albumin at baseline remained associated with a 0.05-mm increase in cIMT over 96 weeks (P = .05).

Conclusions
Lower serum albumin in controlled HIV is associated with higher markers of chronic inflammation and hypercoagulation, which could explain the prior observation that serum albumin predicts nonacquired immune deficiency syndrome events in HIV. Serum albumin may predict progression of carotid atherosclerosis independent of traditional risk factors.
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Trends Observed in Urinary Pathogens Obtained From New York State
Authors: Rank Elliot L , Lodise Thomas , Avery Lisa , Bankert Eve , Dobson Erica , Dumyati Ghinwa , Hassett Stephen , Keller Marina , Pearsall Matthew , Lubowski Teresa , Carreno Joseph J 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
International guidelines recommend using local susceptibility data to direct empiric therapy for acute uncomplicated cystitis. We evaluated outpatient urinary isolate susceptibility trends in New York State. Nitrofurantoin had the lowest resistance prevalence whereas trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and fluoroquinolones had higher prevalences. This study highlights the need for local outpatient antimicrobial stewardship programs.
Repeat Infective Endocarditis in Persons Who Inject Drugs: “Take Another Little Piece of my Heart”*
Authors: Huang Glen , Barnes Erin W , Peacock James E 
Published: November 2018

Abstract

Background
Injection drug use (IDU) is a major risk factor for infective endocarditis (IE). Few data exist on repeat IE (rIE) in persons who inject drugs (PWID).

Methods
Patients ≥18 years old seen at Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center from 2004 to 2017 who met Duke criteria for IE and who self-reported IDU in the 3 months before admission were identified. The subset of PWID who developed rIE, defined as another episode of IE at least 10 weeks after diagnosis of the first episode, was then reviewed.

Results
Of the 87 PWID who survived their first episode of IE, 22 (25.3%) experienced rIE and 77.3% had rIE within a year of the first episode. All patients who experienced rIE resumed IDU between episodes of IE. Of the patients with rIE, 54.5% had an infection caused by S. aureus and 22.7% required surgical intervention. Mortality at 1 year was 36.3%. Compared with their first IE episode, patients with rIE had fewer S. aureus infections (P = .01). Compared with PWID who experienced single-episode IE, intravenous prescription opioid use (P = .01), surgery (P &lt; .01), tricuspid valve involvement (P = .02), and polymicrobial infection (P = .03) occurred more often during first episodes of IE in individuals who then developed rIE.

Conclusions
rIE is common among IDU-related IE and confers a high 1-year mortality rate. The microbiology of rIE is varied, with S. aureus being less frequently isolated. More studies on modification of social and clinical risk factors are needed to prevent rIE.
The Safety and Efficacy of an Oral Penicillin Challenge Program in Cancer Patients: A Multicenter Pilot Study
Authors: Trubiano Jason A , Smibert Olivia , Douglas Abby , Devchand Misha , Lambros Belinda , Holmes Natasha E , Chua Kyra Y , Phillips Elizabeth J , Slavin Monica A 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Antibiotic allergies are reported by up to 1 in 4 cancer patients, almost 50% of which are considered low risk and precede the cancer diagnosis. We demonstrate the successful and safe implementation of a pilot oral penicillin challenge program for cancer patients with low-risk penicillin allergies, increasing the use of penicillin and narrow-spectrum beta-lactams post-testing.
Duration of Colonization by Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase-Producing Enterobacteriaceae in Healthy Newborns and Associated Risk Factors: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Rodríguez-Revuelta María Jesús , López-Cerero Lorena , Serrano Lara , Luna-Lagares Salud , Pascual Alvaro , Rodríguez-Baño Jesús 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Duration of colonization by extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-E) and factors associated with it were studied in 20 newborns in Seville, Spain. Median duration of colonization was 7.5 months; factors associated with prolonged colonization were delivery by caesarean section, colonization of the mother, and phylogroup B2 Eschericha coli isolate.