bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of cooling medium characteristics on embedded tube fusion condition in the process of embedded tube sand mold casting
Authors: Gao Zengli , Gong Benkui , Niu Jianping , Liu Yunteng 
Published: August 2019

AbstractEmbedded copper tube sand mold casting is the main manufacturing method of iron‐making blast furnace copper cooling stave, comparing embedded copper tube outer wall temperature with copper melting point is used to judge the fusion between liquid copper and embedded copper tube. On the basis that the computational model is reliable though experimental proof, the paper studies the influence of cooling medium characteristics on the embedded copper tube outer wall temperature. The calculated results show that the cooling medium thermal physical properties play a vital role on heat transfer between the liquid and embedded copper tube in the process of casting and determine the embedded copper tube outer wall temperature and the fusion. Through the numerical research, the cooling medium with suitable physical properties is found, adjusting the cooling media Reynolds number is an effective way to regulate the embedded tube outer wall temperature to the temperature required for fusion; in addition, modifying the cooling medium temperature entering the embedded tube is also a means adjusting the embedded tube outer wall temperature and improving the fusion between the embedded tube and liquid copper, but the method is not easy to operate in practice.
How to detect illegal corporate insider trading? A data mining approach for detecting suspicious insider transactions
Authors: Esen M. Fevzi , Bilgic Emrah , Basdas Ulkem 
Published: August 2019

SummaryOnly in the U.S. Stock Exchanges, the daily average trading volume is about 7 billion shares. This vast amount of trading shows the necessity of understanding the hidden insights in the data sets. In this study, a data mining technique, clustering based outlier analysis is applied to detect suspicious insider transactions. 1,244,815 transactions of 61,780 insiders are analysed, which are acquired from Thomson Financial, covering a period of January 2010–April 2017. In order to detect outliers, similar transactions are grouped into the same clusters by using a two‐step clustering based outlier detection technique, which is an integration of k‐means and hierarchical clustering. Then, it is shown that outlying transactions earn higher abnormal returns than non‐outlying transactions by using event study methodology.
Preparation of carboxylic graphene oxide‐composited polypyrrole conduits and their effect on sciatic nerve repair under electrical stimulation
Authors: Chen Xianchun , Liu Chaoyuan , Huang Zhongbing , Pu Ximing , Shang Lei , Yin Guangfu , Xue Chengjing 
Published: August 2019

AbstractCarboxylic graphene oxide‐composited polypyrrole/poly‐l‐lactic acid (C‐GO/PPy/PLLA) films were fabricated by electrochemical deposition of C‐GO‐composited PPy on PLLA fibers‐film, and their conductivity and tensile strength (∼4.6 S/cm and 26.4 MPa, respectively) were stably remained after the immersion of 4 weeks, due to the hydrogen bond interaction between graphene oxide's carboxylic groups and pyrrole's imino groups. Their specific surface areas of ∼57.5 m2/g and pore volume of ∼0.02 cm3/g were significantly larger than those of PPy/PLLA films, due to the addition of C‐GO nanosheets. Then, C‐GO/PPy/PLLA conducting conduit with 2 mm inner diameter was prepared to bridge 10 mm sciatic nerve defect of rats, and the direction of fiber‐axis in the conduit was the same as the conduit central axis. Electrical stimulation (ES) of 1 V and 20 Hz through the conducting conduit was exerted on the defect site. The results of in vivo electrophysiological and histological evaluation indicated that, the sciatic nerve defect could be repaired in C‐GO/PPy/PLLA conduit, moreover the re‐innervated gastrocnemius muscle and nerve conduction in C‐GO/PPy/PLLA conduit & ES group were obviously better than the conduit without ES group. The results of transmission electron microscope analysis also demonstrated that the mean thickness of myelin sheath and diameter of axon in C‐GO/PPy/PLLA conduit & ES group were significantly larger than those without ES, suggesting that the repair efficiency of ES & conduit group was closer to that of autograft group. These results indicated the great potential of C‐GO/PPy/PLLA with the in vivo ES in the application of sciatic nerve repair.
Nicotinamide increases the sensitivity of chronic myeloid leukemia cells to doxorubicin via the inhibition of SIRT1
Authors: Pan Shan , Leng Jun , Deng Xinzhou , Ruan Honggang , Zhou Lu , Jamal Muhammad , Xiao Ruijing , Xiong Jie , Yin Qian , Wu Yingjie , Wang Meng , Yuan Wen , Shao Liang , Zhang Qiuping 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe NAD‐dependent deacetylase Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) plays a vital role in leukemogenesis. Nicotinamide (NAM) is the principal NAD+ precursor and a noncompetitive inhibitor of SIRT1. In our study, we showed that NAM enhanced the sensitivity of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) to doxorubicin (DOX) via SIRT1. We found that SIRT1 high expression in CML patients was associated with disease progression and drug resistance. Exogenous NAM efficiently repressed the deacetylation activity of SIRT1 and induced the apoptosis of DOX‐resistant K562 cells (K562R) in a dose‐dependent manner. Notably, the combination of NAM and DOX significantly inhibited tumor cell proliferation and induced cell apoptosis. The knockdown of SIRT1 in K562R cells enhanced NAM+DOX‐induced apoptosis. SIRT1 rescue in K562R reduced the NAM+DOX‐induced apoptosis. Mechanistically, the combinatory treatment significantly increased the cleavage of caspase‐3 and PARP in K562R in vitro and in vivo. These results suggest the potential role of NAM in increasing the sensitivity of CML to DOX via the inhibition of SIRT1.
Peripheral blood circulating microRNA‐4636/−143 for the prognosis of cervical cancer
Authors: Yin Sheng , Yang Min , Li Xianping , Zhang Kan , Tian Jingjing , Luo Can , Bai Ruiyang , Lu Yangfan , Wang Min 
Published: August 2019

AbstractCervical cancer is the third leading cause of female death in the world. Serum microRNAs (miRNAs) are currently considered to be valuable as noninvasive cancer biomarkers, but their role in the prognosis of cervical cancer has not been elucidated. We aimed to find serum miRNAs that can be used as prognostic factors for cervical cancer. A traumatic pathological biopsy is the only reliable method for determining the severity of cervical cancer currently. Thus, noninvasive diagnostic markers are needed. The serological expression of candidate miRNAs were measured in 90 participants, including 60 patients with cervical cancer and 50 patients with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. Two patients with cervical cancer were excluded from the study because of lack of data. miRNAs were evaluated by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. miR‐143/−4636 appeared specific for cervical cancer compared with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (P < .001). The classification performance of validated miRNAs for cervical cancer [Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) = 0.942] was better than that reached by squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCC‐Ag; AUC = 0.727). Poor‐differentiation group has lower miR‐143/−4636 levels in serum (P < .05). miR‐4636 level was correlated gross tumor volume and the depth of invasion (P < .0001). In our study, we found a combination of miR‐143 and miR‐4636 that is independently and strongly associated with cervical cancer prognosis and can be used as a clinically prognostic factor.
Identification of novel prognostic alternative splicing signature in papillary renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Duan Yi , Zhang Dong 
Published: August 2019

AbstractPapillary renal cell carcinoma (pRCC) is a heterogeneous disease containing multifocal or solitary tumors with an aggressive phenotype. Increasing evidence has indicated the involvement of aberrant splicing variants in renal cell cancer, while systematic profiling of aberrant alternative splicing (AS) in pRCC was lacking and largely unknown. In the current study, comprehensive profiling of AS events were performed based on the integration of pRCC cohort from the Cancer Genome Atlas database and SpliceSeq software. With rigorous screening and univariate Cox analysis, a total of 2077 prognoses AS events from 1642 parent genes were identified. Then, stepwise least absolute shrinkage and selection operator method‐penalized Cox regression analyses with 10‐fold cross‐validation followed by multivariate Cox regression were used to construct the prognostic AS signatures within each AS type. And a final 21 AS event‐based signature was proposed which showed potent prognostic capability in stratifying patients into low‐ and high‐risk subgroups (P < .0001). Furthermore, time‐dependent receiver operating characteristics curves confirmed that the final AS signature was effective and robust in predicting overall survival for pRCC patients with the area under the curve above 0.9 from 1 to 5 years. In addition, splicing correlation network was built to uncover the potential regulatory pattern among prognostic splicing factors and candidate AS events. Besides, gene set enrichment analysis revealed the involvement of these candidates AS events in tumor‐related pathways including extracellular matrix organization, oxidative phosphorylation, and P53 signaling pathways. Taken together, our results could contribute to elucidating the underlying mechanism of AS in the oncogenesis process and broaden the novel field of prognostic and clinical application of molecule‐targeted approaches in pRCC.
SETD2 reduction adversely affects the development of mouse early embryos
Authors: Li Chunling , Huang Zhenyue , Gu Ling 
Published: August 2019

AbstractSET domain‐containing protein 2 (SETD2), the protein of regulating trimethylation status of histone H3 at lysine 36 (H3K36), participates in the maintenance of chromatin architecture, transcription elongation, genome stability, and other biological events. However, its function in preimplantation embryos is still obscure. In this study, specific small interfering RNA was employed to investigate the functions of SETD2. We find that deletion of SETD2 results in the developmental delay of mouse early embryos, indicative of the compromised developmental potential. Remarkably, SETD2 knockdown induces the accumulation of the DNA lesions and apoptotic blastomeres in early embryos. In addition, the methylation level of H3K36 is significantly reduced in two‐cell embryos depleted of SETD2. In summary, our data indicate that SETD2 maintains genome stability perhaps via regulating trimethylation status of H3K36, consequently controlling the embryo quality. These findings pave the avenue for understanding the cross‐talk between epigenome and SETD2 during early embryo development.
N‐end rule pathway inhibitor sensitizes cancer cells to antineoplastic agents by regulating XIAP and RAD21 protein expression
Authors: Pore Subrata K. , Ganguly Anirban , Sau Samaresh , Godeshala Sudhakar , Kanugula Anantha K. , Ummanni Ramesh , Kotamraju Srigiridhar , Banerjee Rajkumar 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAnticancer drugs exert their effects on cancer cells by deregulating many pathways linked to cell cycle, apoptosis, etc. but cancer cells gradually become resistive against anticancer drugs, thereby necessitating the development of newer generation anticancer molecules. N‐end rule pathway has been shown to be involved in the degradation of many cell cycle and apoptosis‐related proteins. However, the involvements of this pathway in cancer are not well established. Recently, we developed a non‐peptide‐based N‐end rule pathway inhibitor, RF‐C11 for type 1 and 2 recognition domains of E3 ubiquitin ligases. The inhibitor significantly increased the half‐life of potential N‐degrons leading to significant physiological changes in vivo. We hypothesized RF‐C11 may be used to decipher the N‐end rule pathway's role in cancer towards the development of anticancer therapeutics. In this study, we showed that RF‐C11, barring noncancer cells, significantly sensitizes cancer cells towards different anticancer agents tested. We further find that the profound cellular sensitization to anticancer drugs was affected by (a) downregulation of X‐linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein, an antiapoptotic protein and (b) by stabilization of RAD21, and thereby inhibiting metaphase to anaphase promotion. The study shows that RF‐C11 or its analogs may be used as a novel additive in combination therapy against cancer.
Prevalence, incidence, and clinical impact of cognitive–motoric risk syndrome in Europe, USA, and Japan: facts and numbers update 2019
Authors: Maggio Marcello , Lauretani Fulvio 
Published: August 2019

AbstractA new syndrome called the ‘motoric–cognitive risk’ (MCR) syndrome has recently been proposed in older persons. According to this definition, the parallel impairment in muscle and brain function is more predictive for identifying subjects at risk of dementia than impairment a in single system alone. Epidemiological studies suggest that among older persons, enrolled in worldwide population‐based studies, 10% are affected by this syndrome, which confers a higher risk of future disability. In detail, the prevalence of MCR in Europe is around 8.0%, 7.0% in the United States, and 6.3% in Japan. The incidence of the MCR syndrome is estimated to be 65.2 per 1000 person years in adults aged 60 years or older. Many studies reported negative outcomes of the syndrome in older persons, emphasizing its clinical impact. In particular, in almost all longitudinal studies, MCR produces a three‐time increased risk of future dementia. In Europe, data from the InCHIANTI study report an increased risk of 2.74 [1.54–4.86], which is 2.49 [1.52–4.10] in the United States and 3.27 [1.55–6.90] in Japan. The studies in different continents are also consistent in showing an increased risk of all‐cause mortality, which is 1.50–1.87 in the Europeans and 1.69 [1.08–2.02] for incident disability in Japan. For the identification of the MCR syndrome, different tests and procedures have been proposed, with a final ‘core‐battery’ that includes gait speed, dual‐task gait speed, the Montreal Cognitive Assessment and Trail Making Test A and B. The criteria used to select this core‐battery were based on the best accuracy for identifying older persons at risk of negative outcomes such as dementia, falls, aging‐related disabilities, and sensitivity to interventions. The selection of these tests will allow to start studies aimed to better capture older persons at higher risk of mobility and cognitive disability. By these tests, it will be possible to better evaluate the effect of treatment composing of tailored physical exercise, nutritional suggestions, and medical therapy to overturn negative effect of both cognitive and motoric frailty. This article provides an overview of the current knowledge of the MCR syndrome.
Regulation of the firing activity by PKA‐PKC‐Src family kinases in cultured neurons of hypothalamic arcuate nucleus
Authors: Sun Xiao‐Dong , Wang Anqi , Ma Peng , Gong Shan , Tao Jin , Yu Xian‐Min , Jiang Xinghong 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe cAMP‐dependent protein kinase A family (PKAs), protein kinase C family (PKCs), and Src family kinases (SFKs) are found to play important roles in pain hypersensitivity. However, more detailed investigations are still needed in order to understand the mechanisms underlying the actions of PKAs, PKCs, and SFKs. Neurons in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus (ARC) are found to be involved in the regulation of pain hypersensitivity. Here we report that the action potential (AP) firing activity of ARC neurons in culture was up‐regulated by application of the adenylate cyclase activator forskolin or the PKC activator PMA, and that the forskolin or PMA application‐induced up‐regulation of AP firing activity could be blocked by pre‐application of the SFK inhibitor PP2. SFK activation also up‐regulated the AP firing activity and this effect could be prevented by pre‐application of the inhibitors of PKCs, but not of PKAs. Furthermore, we identified that forskolin or PMA application caused increases in the phosphorylation not only in PKAs at T197 or PKCs at S660 and PKCα/βII at T638/641, but also in SFKs at Y416. The forskolin or PMA application‐induced increase in the phosphorylation of PKAs or PKCs was not affected by pre‐treatment with PP2. The regulations of the SFK and AP firing activities by PKCs were independent upon the translocation of either PKCα or PKCβII. Thus, it is demonstrated that PKAs may act as an upstream factor(s) to enhance SFKs while PKCs and SFKs interact reciprocally, and thereby up‐regulate the AP firing activity in hypothalamic ARC neurons.
Effect of medical comorbidities on treatment regimen and survival in T3/T4 laryngeal cancer
Authors: Bollig Craig , Ahmad Jumah , Dooley Laura 
Published: August 2019

ObjectiveInvestigate the impact of medical comorbidities on treatment regimen and overall survival (OS) in patients with locally advanced laryngeal cancer.Study DesignRetrospective Review of the National Cancer Database (NCDB).MethodsThe NCDB was queried for patients with T3 and T4 laryngeal cancer. Comorbidity scores were calculated from the Charlson‐Deyo comorbidity index (CDCI). Univariate and multivariate analyses explored the association of CDCI scores on treatment regimen and OS.Results14,053 patients were analyzed. 65% of patients had a CDCI score of 0, whereas 25%, 7%, and 3% had CDCI score of 1, 2, and ≥3, respectively. As patients’ CDCI increased, they became more likely to receive treatment options other than a laryngectomy or chemoradiation therapy (CRT) (P < 0.0001). Patients with CDCI ≥1 were more likely have a laryngectomy than those with CDCI 0 (P < 0.0001). In patients with T3 tumors, OS did not differ between those receiving CRT versus laryngectomy with any CDCI score. In patients with T4 tumors, laryngectomy was associated with improved OS compared to CRT across all CDCI scores except CDCI ≥3.ConclusionOur results support the current national guidelines with a recommendation for CRT or TL for T3 tumors and a preference for TL for T4 tumors. These outcomes are generally consistent in patients as their CDCI scores increases.Level of EvidenceNA Laryngoscope, 130:1459–1464, 2020
Obesity May Not Affect Outcomes of Transoral Robotic Thyroidectomy: Subset Analysis of 304 Patients
Authors: Tai Dora Kai Chun , Kim Hoon Yub , Park Dawon , You Jiyoung , Kim Hong Kyu , Russell Jonathon O. , Tufano Ralph P. 
Published: August 2019

Objectives/HypothesisObesity is an increasing health concern worldwide. It has been associated with perioperative complications that could affect patient outcomes. Our aim was to compare surgical outcomes in obese and nonobese patients after transoral robotic thyroid (TORT) surgery.Study DesignRetrospective cohort study.MethodsA total of 304 consecutive patients who underwent TORT between January 2012 to December 2017 were included in the study. Patients were divided into two groups according to their body mass index (BMI): BMI < 30 kg/m2 and BMI ≥30 kg/m2. Patient demographics, operative extent, pathological data, surgical outcomes, and postoperative complications were included and analyzed. A χ2 test was used to compare categorical variables, and a Student t test was used to compare changes of continuous variables between groups. Statistical significance was conferred by a two‐tailed P value of ≤.05.ResultsThere were 290 patients in the non‐obese group and 14 patients in the obese group. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of patient demographics, operative procedure, or pathological characteristics. The only statistically significant difference was for lymph node dissection (P = .012); however, for both groups, unilateral central node dissection was the most common procedure. There was also no statistically significant difference found for operative time, length of stay, pain score, or postoperative complications including TORT‐specific complications such as oral commissure tear and general complications such as recurrent nerve injury.ConclusionsThis initial experience shows that TORT appears to be a safe and feasible option for obese patients pursuing scarless thyroid surgery.Level of EvidenceNALaryngoscope, 130:1343–1348, 2020
Thermal elastohydrodynamic lubrication analysis of helical gear pair under starved lubrication condition
Authors: Liu Mingyong , Zhang Jinxi , Xu Peidong , Cai Hao , Ku Haofeng , Wu Chenhui 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIn the present study, thermal starved elastohydrodynamic lubrication (EHL) model is developed for a helical gear pair. The influences of inlet oil‐supply layer, input speed, lubricant viscosity, and surface roughness on the lubrication behaviour are investigated. The minimum film thickness, temperature rise of teeth surfaces and oil film, and the friction coefficient are predicted along the line of action (LOA). Results show that the effects of inlet oil‐supply layer, input speed, and lubrication viscosity on the tribological performance are remarkable. Under the starved lubrication, the influence of inlet oil supply on the temperature rise is insignificant. Meanwhile, the effect of surface roughness has been discussed. It reveals that the roughness texture along the entrainment velocity direction has significant influence on the lubrication characteristics. The results provide the tribological guidance for design of a helical gear pair in engineering.
In situ synthesis of one eco‐friendly polyacrylic acid/zinc colloidal particles doped polyacrylic acid as an efficient corrosion inhibitor for iron
Authors: Gao Xiang , Li Weihua , Ma Houyi 
Published: August 2019

AbstractCommonly used organic inhibitors face one common problem: Environmental friendliness and excellent inhibition efficiency cannot be simultaneously realized. Here, we report one facile method that can be used for the in situ synthesis of one stable polyacrylic acid/zinc colloidal particles (PZCPs) doped polyacrylic acid (PAA) through the electrostatic interaction between polyacrylic acid and Zn
2+ as a corrosion inhibitor of iron. The results of microstructure characterization indicated that the diameter of the colloidal particles was around 150 nm. The various electrochemical experimental results indicated that PZCPs doped PAA exhibited excellent inhibition efficiency, and the maximum inhibition efficiency was 82.3%. The PZCPs doped PAA exhibited higher inhibition efficiency than PAA because the adsorption ability of PZCPs doped PAA was stronger than that of PAA and the formed PZCPs doped PAA inhibition layer on the iron surface was thicker and denser than the PAA inhibition layer. Given the eco‐friendly, facile synthesis, excellent inhibition efficiency, and low price, this strategy to synthesize effective inhibitors will find widespread application in the anti‐corrosion industry.