bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modeling Soil Crack Volume at the Pedon Scale using Available Soil Data
Authors: Neely Haly L. , Morgan Cristine L.S. , McInnes Kevin J. , Molling Christine C. 
Published: May 2018

Core Ideas
Desiccation cracks make runoff and infiltration predictions difficult in expansive soils.
A crack‐volume model based on water content and soil properties was developed.
Crack volume was measured in situ using digital photography of excavated soil layers.
The new model improved crack volume estimates over a model based on layer thickness.
A critical gap in hydrology knowledge is predicting the partition of runoff and infiltration during rainfall events in shrink‐swell soils with desiccation cracks. Knowledge of surface cracking and crack volume is needed, but field measurements of these vertical soil cracks are time and labor intensive, and the results cannot be easily translated to another location. Our approach to predict soil crack volume at the pedon‐scale uses an existing soil shrinkage model, which has been modified to include soil water content and the coefficient of linear extensibility (COLE). To validate the model, measurements of soil layer thickness, water content, and crack volume were made for seven soils with COLE values from 0.01 to 0.17 m m–1. Soil crack volume was estimated by filling cracks with a cement slurry and photographing excavated soil layers at the end of the study. Over two drying and wetting cycles, the relationship between soil layer thickness and water content was linear. The modified crack volume equation, using COLE and water content, was a better fit to cement‐estimated crack volume, r2 from 0.06 to 0.61, than the existing shrinkage model. However, crack volume estimates by both models were six‐times higher than the cement‐estimated crack volume. It is possible the models of crack volume are including all changes to soil porosity from mega‐cracks to mesopores, while direct techniques only measure the larger‐scale cracks. The new, modified crack volume equation is a pedon‐validated equation that advances predictions of cracking extent in landscapes where shrink‐swell potential is variable in space.
A Robust Calibration Method for Continental‐Scale Soil Water Content Measurements
Authors: Roberti Joshua A. , Ayres Edward , Loescher Henry W. , Tang Jianwu , Starr Gregory , Durden David J. , Smith Derek E. , de la Reguera Elizabeth , Morkeski Kate , McKlveen Margot , Benstead Heidi , SanClements Michael D. , Lee Robert H. , Gebremedhin Maheteme , Zulueta Rommel C. 
Published: May 2018

Core Ideas
We present a semiautomated framework for large‐scale calibration of capacitance soil moisture sensors.
Soil‐specific calibrations are needed for accurate moisture measurements in nearly all soil types.
Transparent, traceable, and complete uncertainty estimates provided for entire approach.
Technological advances have allowed in situ monitoring of soil water content in an automated manner. These advances, along with an increase in large‐scale networks monitoring soil water content, stress the need for a robust calibration framework that ensures that soil water content measurements are accurate and reliable. We have developed an approach to make consistent and comparable soil water content sensor calibrations across a continental‐scale network in a production framework that incorporates a thorough accounting of uncertainties. More than 150 soil blocks of varying characteristics from 33 locations across the United States were used to generate soil‐specific calibration coefficients for a capacitance sensor. We found that the manufacturer's nominal calibration coefficients poorly fit the data for nearly all soil types. This resulted in negative (91% of samples) and positive (5% of samples) biases and a mean root mean square error (RMSE) of 0.123 cm3 cm−3 (1σ) relative to reference standard measurements. We derived soil‐specific coefficients, and when used with the manufacturer's nominal function, the biases were corrected and the mean RMSE dropped to ±0.017 cm3 cm−3 (±1σ). A logistic calibration function further reduced the mean RMSE to ±0.016 cm3 cm−3 (±1σ) and increased the range of soil moistures to which the calibration applied by 18% compared with the manufacturer's function. However, the uncertainty of the reference standard was notable (±0.022 cm3 cm−3), and when propagated in quadrature with RMSE estimates, the combined uncertainty of the calibrated volumetric soil water content values increased to ±0.028 cm3 cm−3 regardless of the calibration function used.
A Reconfiguração do Espaço Urbano e a Apropriação da Cultura como Meio de Acumulação Capitalista: Um Roteiro para Análise
Authors: Drumm Elisabeth Cristina , Silveira Rogério Leandro Lima da , Brandt Grazielle Betina 
Published: May 2018

O capitalismo transforma-se por meio de discursos próprios, orientados pelo modo de produção, e, por sua vez, os discursos orientam o estilo de vida da sociedade. Do modo de produção fordista ao flexível, o discurso, nos territórios urbanos, centra-se na perspectiva do empreendedorismo urbano, pautado, especialmente, pela cultura como meio de acumulação e de desenvolvimento. O espaço urbano é constituído por relações e por processos que definem a sua territorialidade, assim como as consequências decorrentes dela, como a gentrificação. Este ensaio tem como objetivo compreender as características e as práticas socioespaciais dos diferentes agentes, a partir da apropriação do patrimônio cultural pelo capitalismo e da formação de um novo discurso. A técnica de investigação é bibliográfica e, como resultado, apresenta-se a possibilidade de discussão de um roteiro de análise a partir dos seguintes referenciais: contexto espaço temporal e histórico (HARVEY, 2005, 2007 e SANTOS, 1982); deslocamento de organizações e o adensamento de redes de interdependências sobre territórios criativos (PECQUEUR, 2009); patrimônio histórico (FLORES, 2006); o mercado mobiliário instalado no território (LEFEBVRE, 2001, HARVEY, 2005, 2012 e BOTELHO 2007); plano de desenvolvimento e o envolvimento da classe dominante (VILLAÇA, 2000); discursos ideológicos e o jogo de palavras (VILLAÇA, 2000); agentes produtores do espaço urbano e territorialidades urbanas (HARVEY, 2012 e CORREA, 1996); agentes produtores do urbano e as suas estratégias (TRINDADE Jr, 1998 e SELDIN, 2015); gentrificação (MACEDO, 2011).
Recent Trends in Nanocrystals for Pharmaceutical Applications
Authors: Sun Leming , Hu Yanzi , Zhang Lianbing 
Published: May 2018

Background:
As the quick development of modern methods and technologies currently, more and
more drugs have been invented with a better efficiency. However, the poor water solubility has limited the drugs’
pharmaceutical application.

Methods:
Tremendous research has been put in the design and development of nanocrystals for pharmaceutical
applications over the past few decades. The nanocrystals not only have the chance to solve the poor solubility
problem, but also could conquer the bioavailability and even the specific delivery problems. The physical properties
of drugs can be changed dramatically due to the change of their size in a nanodimension. Therefore, the
nanocrystals have great potential to overcome the challenge to design and development of new drugs for pharmaceutical
applications.

Results:
In this review, we provide an overview of the recent trends in nanocrystals for pharmaceutical applications.

Conclusion:
The current technologies including top-down, bottom-up, and combinative technologies for nanocrystals
were fully examined. Most importantly, the emphasis is put on the pharmaceutical applications including
their formulation, administration methods, safety, and toxicity. The commercial status, limitations, challenges,
and future trends of the nanocrystals for pharmaceutical applications were also discussed.
A New Online Mental Health Training Program for Workplace Managers: Pre-Post Pilot Study Assessing Feasibility, Usability, and Possible Effectiveness
Authors: Gayed Aimée , LaMontagne Anthony D , Milner Allison , Deady Mark , Calvo Rafael A , Christensen Helen , Mykletun Arnstein , Glozier Nick , Harvey Samuel B 
Published: May 2018

Background
Mental health has become the leading cause of sickness absence in high-income countries. Managers can play an important role in establishing mentally healthy workplaces and coordinating their organization’s response to a mentally ill worker.

Objective
This pilot study aims to evaluate the feasibility, usability, and likely effectiveness of a newly developed online training program for managers called HeadCoach. HeadCoach aims to build managers’ confidence in supporting the mental health needs of staff and promote managerial behavior most likely to result in a more mentally healthy workplace.

Methods
In total, 66 managers from two organizations were invited to participate in this pre-post pilot study of HeadCoach, which was made available to managers to complete at their own pace over a 4-week period. Data were collected at baseline and post intervention via an online research platform. The difference in mean scores for each outcome between these two time points was calculated using paired samples t tests.

Results
Of all the invited managers, 59.1% (39/66) participated in the trial, with complete pre–post data available for 56.4% (22/39) of the participants. The majority of respondents reported positive engagement with the program. During the study period, managers’ knowledge regarding their role in managing mental health issues (P=.01) and their confidence in communicating with employees regarding mental illness (P<.001) significantly increased. In addition, a significant increase was observed from the baseline in managers’ self-reported actions to use strategies to prevent and decrease stress among their team members (P=.02).

Conclusions
Although caution is needed due to the absence of a control group, preliminary results of this study suggest that HeadCoach could be a feasible, acceptable, and efficient method of training managers in best workplace practices to help support the mental health needs of their staff.
Modelos de la imagen. El Mago del Tarot Visconti
Authors: Alvarez Portugal Vanessa 
Published: May 2018

El siguiente artículo presenta un análisis iconológico de una carta del mazo siglo XV actualmente conocido como el tarot Visconti. La carta adquirió el nombre El Mago, debido al reiterativo uso del motivo iconográfico en mazos de tarot posteriores. Modelos iconográficos anteriores y contemporáneos a esta carta se han encontrado en imágenes provenientes de manuscritos y grabados con contenido astrológico, alquímico y simbólico que datan del siglo XIV y XV. El presente estudio considera la importancia que estas tradiciones tuvieron en el desarrollo cultural del temprano Renacimiento italiano
QUESTÕES TEÓRICAS E TENDÊNCIAS DA GEOGRAFIA HISTÓRICA
Authors: Carneiro Patrício Aureliano Silva 
Published: May 2018

Resumo: Um dos grandes desafios dos estudos históricos reside na incorporação e análise dos processos espaciais e dos elementos territoriais responsáveis por influenciar as temporalidades e os eventos e por modelar e organizar o espaço no passado. No presente artigo, procuramos salientar a importância dessa articulação, discorrendo sobre as inter-relações entre as categorias tempo e espaço, história e geografia. Com base em bibliografia anglo-saxônica, revisamos os aspectos conceituais da geografia histórica, a contribuição dos principais estudiosos e as novas tendências e desafios desse plano de abordagem.Palavras-chave: Geografia e história. Geografia histórica. Teoria e metodologia. THEORY AND TRENDS OF HISTORICAL GEOGRAPHYAbstract: One of the most significant challenges in the historical studies lies in the incorporation and analysis of spatial processes and territorial elements which influence temporality and events, as well as fashion and organize space in the past. The present article aims at emphasizing the importance of such relation as well as the connections between space and time, history and geography. Based on Anglo-Saxon bibliography, we review the conceptual aspects of historical geography, the most prominent authors’ contributions along with the new trends and challenges of this approach plan.Keywords: Geography and History. Historical Geography. Theory and Methodology. QUESTIONS THÉORIQUES ET TENDANCES DE LA GÉOGRAPHIE HISTORIQUERésumé: L’un des grands défis des études historiques, réside, dans l’incorporation et l’analyse des processus spatiaux et des éléments territoriaux responsables d’influencer les temporalités et les événements, et de modéliser et organiser l’espace dans le passé. Dans cet article, nous essayons de souligner l’importance de cette articulation, en discutant les interrelations entre le temps et l’espace, l’histoire et la géographie. Sur la base de la bibliographie anglo-saxonne, nous passons en revue les aspects conceptuels de la géographie historique, la contribution des principaux chercheurs et les nouvelles tendances et défis de ce plan d’approche.Mots-clés: Géographie et histoire. Géographie historique. Théorie et méthodologie.
A AUTONOMIA FRENTE À HIDRA CAPITALISTA: APORTES DA EXPERIÊNCIA ZAPATISTA
Authors: Silveira Renata Ferreira , Câmara Marcelo Argenta 
Published: May 2018

Resumo: O movimento zapatista mexicano, surgido à luz pública no início de 1994, construiu uma trajetória de progressiva territorialização de sua concepção de sociedade e, consequentemente, de sua estratégia de mobilização. Tal trajetória tem sua conclusão (provisória) na constituição dos Caracóis enquanto recortes territoriais autônomos, e das Juntas de Bom Governo enquanto instâncias políticas e sociais de condução da vida em sociedade. Este artigo toma como ponto de partida a reflexão sobre a experiência zapatista para nos questionarmos sobre as possibilidades de respostas à atual crise civilizatória capitalista.Palavras-chave: Zapatismo. Territorialidades. Autonomia. Capitalismo. AUTONOMY AGAINST THE CAPITALIST HYDRA: CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE ZAPATISTA EXPERIENCEAbstract: The mexican zapatista movement, which emerged in the public light at the beginning of 1994, has built a trajectory of progressive territorialization of its conception of society and, consequently, of its mobilization strategy. Such a trajectory has its (provisional) conclusion in the constitution of the Caracoles as autonomous territorial divisions, and of the Juntas de Buen Gobierno as political and social instances of conducting life in society. This article takes as its starting point the reflection on the zapatista experience to question ourselves on the possibilities of answers to the current capitalist civilizational crisis.Keywords: Zapatismo. Territorialities. Autonomy. Capitalismo. LA AUTONOMÍA FRENTE A LA HIDRA CAPITALISTA: APORTES DE LA EXPERIENCIA ZAPATISTAResumen: El movimiento zapatista mexicano, surgido a la luz pública a principios de 1994, construyó una trayectoria de progresiva territorialización de su concepción de sociedad y, consecuentemente, de su estrategia de movilización. Tal trayectoria tiene su conclusión (provisional) en la constitución de los Caracoles como recortes territoriales autónomos, y de las Juntas de Buen Gobierno como instancias políticas y sociales de conducción de la vida en sociedad. Este artículo toma como punto de partida la reflexión sobre la experiencia zapatista para preguntarse sobre las posibilidades de respuestas a la actual crisis civilizatoria capitalista.Palabras clave: Zapatismo. Territorialidades. Autonomía. Capitalismo.
ANALISIS KOMPARASI PENDAPATAN USAHATANI KELAPA DALAM POLA MONOKULTUR DAN TUMPANG SARI DI KECAMATAN MENDAHARA KABUPATEN TANJUNG JABUNG TIMUR
Authors: Wahyuni Asih , Alamsyah Zulkifli , Damayanti Yusma 
Published: May 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) Menganalisis struktur biaya dan penerimaan usahatani kelapa dengan pola monokultur dan pola tumpangsari kelapa dengan pinang di Kecamatan Mendahara Kabupaten Tanjung Jabung Timur, (2) Melihat besarnya perbedaan pendapatan usahatani kelapa dalam petani yang menggunakan pola monokultur dan petani yang menggunakan pola tumpangsari. Pemilihan lokasi penelitian dengan pertimbangan lokasi penelitian merupakan daerah dengan luas tanam dan produksi terbesar di Kabupaten Tanjung Jabung Timur. Penelitian dilakukan dari tanggal 9 Januari 2014 sampai tanggal 9 Februari 2014 dengan metode simple random sampling. Daerah sampel penelitian yaitu Kelurahan Mendahara Ilir dan Desa Sungai Tawar dengan pertimbangan desa ini memiliki jumlah petani paling banyak dengan mengusahakan usahatani monokultur dan tumpangsari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan pendapatan yang signifikan antara petani yang menggunakan pola monokultur dan pola tumpangsari, baik dalam hal penerimaan, biaya dan pendapatan usahatani. Penerimaan pada usahatani tumpangsari lebih besar dari penerimaan pada usahatani monokultur, begitu juga dalam hal biaya usahatani. Biaya usahatani pada tumpangsari lebih besar dari biaya usahatani pada monokultur. Meskipun biaya yang dikeluarkan pada usahatani pola tumpangsari lebih besar dari biaya usahatani yang dikeluarkan pada usahatani monokultur namun dengan adanya tambahan penerimaan dari usahatani pinang akan menyebabkan pendapatan pada usahatani tumpangsari juga lebih besar dari pendapatan usahatani monokultur.
Kata Kunci : Monokultur, Tumpangsari, Kelapa Dalam
ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KEUNTUNGAN USAHATANI KELAPA SAWIT (SWADAYA MURNI)DI KECAMATAN JAMBI LUAR KOTA KABUPATEN MUARO JAMBI
Authors: Iskandar Ridho , Nainggolan Saidin , Kernalis Emy 
Published: May 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui (1) Untuk mengetahui besarnya struktur biaya dan keuntungan yang diperoleh dari usahatani kelapa sawit swadaya murni di Kecamatan Jambi Luar Kota Kabupaten Muaro Jambi (2) Untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor apa saja yang mempengaruhi keuntungan usahatani kelapa sawit swadaya murni di Kecamatan Jambi Luar Kota Kabupaten Muaro Jambi. Metode analisis data yang digunakan dalam analisis ini adalah analisis Deskriftif Kuantitatif yaitu analisis keuntungan yang terdiri dari analisis penerimaan dan biaya produksi untuk usahatani kelapa sawit (swadaya murni). Untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi keuntungan usahatani kelapa sawit (swadaya murni) digunakan metode Analisis Regresi Linier Berganda. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada tanggal 01 November 2015 sampai dengan 01 Desember 2015. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan (1) rata-rata biaya yang dikeluarkan oleh petani sebesar Rp.33.154.125/tahun dan rata- rata biaya yang dikeluarkan oleh petani per hektarnya sebesar Rp.9.688.247/Ha/tahun. Rata-rata keuntungan usahatani kelapa sawit (swadaya murni) sebesar Rp.51.541.875/tahun dan rata-rata keuntungan usahatani kelapa sawit (swadaya murni) per hektarnya sebesar Rp.15.641.177/Ha/Tahun. (2) faktor biaya pupuk urea, biaya pupuk lain, biaya tenaga kerja, luas lahan dan umur tanaman (dummy) secara bersama- sama berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap keuntungan usahatani kelapa sawit (swadaya murni) di daerah penelitian. Sedangkan secara parsial biaya pupuk urea dan biaya pupuk lain (non urea) berpengaruh negatif terhadap keuntungan usahatani kelapa sawit swadaya murni. Dari hasil penelitian diharapkan Perlu adanya bantuan oleh pemerintah, sehingga petani mampu memperluas usahatani kelapa sawitnya
Kata kunci : Keuntungan, Usahatani Kelapa Sawit, dan Faktor Produksi
STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN AGROINDUSTRI DODOL KENTANG LUBUK NAGODANG DI KABUPATEN KERINCI
Authors: Lika Noli Putri , Murdy Saad , Ulma Riri Oktari 
Published: May 2018

Penelitian ini ditujukan untuk : 1) mengetahui besar biaya, penerimaan dan keuntungan usaha dari agroindustri dodol kentang Lubuk Nagodang di Kabupaten Kerinci, 2) mengetahui kondisi dan menentukan posisi agroindustri dodol kentang Lubuk Nagodang di Kabupaten Kerinci, 3) memformulasikan alternatif strategi yang dapat diterapkan oleh agroindustri dodol kentang Lubuk Nagodang di Kabupaten Kerinci. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada Tanggal 14-31 Juli 2016. Metode analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif dengan menggunakan analisis usaha dan analisis SWOT. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa : 1) biaya total agroindustri dodol kentang Lubuk Nagodang adalah sebesar Rp .2.238.615 dan penerimaan sebesar Rp. 5.864.000, sehingga keuntungan yang diperoleh pengrajin dodol kentang Lubuk Nagodang sebesar Rp. 3.625.385 per proses produksi, 2) identifikasi lingkungan agroindustri menunjukkan posisi agroindustri dodol kentang Lubuk Nagodang di Kabupaten Kerinci berada pada kuadran I dengan titik kuadran (0,08;0,14) mendukung kebijakan pertumbuhan agrresive, 3) alternatif strategi yang dapat diterapkan untuk memajukan agroindustri dodol kentang Lubuk Nagodang yaitu : a) bekerjasama dengan pemerintah dalam pengembangan agroindustri dodol kentang, b) meningkatkan kualitas, kuantitas dan memperluas pangsa pasar produksi dodol kentang Lubuk Nagodang melalui peningkatan kemampuan teknis tenaga kerja dan kerja sama dengan pemasok bahan baku kentang, c) memodifikasi kemasan untuk dapat meningkatkan daya tarik produk.
Kata Kunci : Strategi Pengembangan , Dodol Kentang, Analisis Usaha, Analisis SWOT
Bicondylar Angle and its Relation with Length and Neck Length of Human Femur
Authors: Kharbuja Rabita , Adhikari Rashmi Manjushree , Shrestha Anupama 
Published: May 2018

Introduction: Femoral bicondylar angle has immense importance from anatomical and clinical (forensic and anthropometric) point of view and is the characteristic feature of bipedal gait in humans. It is the angle between axis of femoral shaft and a line perpendicular to its transcondylar axis. The study was carried out to assess bicondylar angle and its relationship with femur length and neck length.
Methods: Bicondylar angle, length, and neck length of available dry human femurs of unknown sex and age were measured using osteometric board and vernier caliper. Bicondylar angle between two sides were compared. Similarly, relation between the angle and femoral length and length of femoral neck was studied.
Result: Bicondylar angle on right side was 8.65° (SD = 2.03) and on left side was 9.35° (SD = 2.05) and the different was not statistically significant (p = 0.08). On both sides, no significant correlation was found between bicondylar angle with femoral length and length of femoral neck.
Conclusion: Mean bicondylar angle of right femur was 8.65° and that of left was 9.35° and the difference was not statistically significant. There was no significant relation between the angle and other two parameters.
New Breeding Record for Merlin (<i>Falco columbarius</i>) in Southwestern Yukon
Authors: Lamoureux Ryan P. , Boudreau Melanie R. , Seguin Jacob L. 
Published: May 2018

On 3 May 2016, we observed two Merlins (Falco columbarius) copulating near Hungry Lake in southwestern Yukon. We recorded Merlins frequently from May until the beginning of July and observed them defending the area from Common Ravens (Corvus corax) on two occasions, an activity indicative of a nesting pair. This is the first breeding record for Merlins in southern Yukon, as previous records have documented the breeding range only in central and northern parts of the territory. Here, we summarize historical sightings and breeding reports throughout southern Yukon since 1975 and fill a gap in the breeding range of this species.