bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A novel, simplified, externally validated staging system for truncal/extremity soft tissue sarcomas: An analysis of the US Sarcoma Collaborative database
Authors: Johnson Aileen C. , Ethun Cecilia G. , Liu Yuan , Poultsides George , Howard John H. , Bedi Meena , Charlson John , Tseng Jennifer , Roggin Kevin K. , Votanopoulos Konstantinos , Cullinan Darren , Fields Ryan C. , Maithel Shishir K. , Cardona Kenneth ,   and other members of the US Sarcoma Collaborative
Published: September 2018

BackgroundThe 8th edition AJCC staging system for truncal/extremity soft tissue sarcoma (STS) offers significant changes from the 7th. However the complexity of both limits their clinical utility.MethodsPatients with truncal/extremity STS undergoing resection from 2000 to 2016 at seven institutions of the US Sarcoma Collaborative were analyzed. The proposed staging system was externally validated using the National Cancer Database (NCDB).ResultsOf 1318 patients, mean age was 59 years, and 54% were male. Median tumor size was 9 cm; 72% were high grade. Applying 8th edition staging, there was no differentiation between stages IA/IB (
P = 0.92), and clinically similar outcomes between stages II/IIIA. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis identified 7.5 cm as the ideal tumor size discriminating 5‐year OS for high‐grade tumors. Therefore, a simplified staging system defining all low‐grade tumors as stage I, high‐grade < 7.5 cm as stage II, high‐grade > 7.5 cm as stage III, and metastatic disease as stage IV improved stratification (all P < 0.05). The C‐statistic was noninferior to the 8th edition. External validation in the NCDB confirmed optimal stratification (all P < 0.01).ConclusionsOur proposed staging system maintains prognostic significance between stages within a simplified system. For high‐grade tumors, a cutoff of 7.5 cm, instead of 5 cm, maintains discrimination for survival and could be a more clinically applicable cutoff for future clinical trials.
Subungual melanoma: A retrospective cohort of 157 cases from Brazilian National Cancer Institute
Authors: Nunes Luiz Fernando , Mendes Gélcio L. Q. , Koifman Rosalina J. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractBackgroundSubungual melanoma (SM) is rare. The lesions are thick at the time of diagnosis. Few studies have evaluated SM in Brazil.ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to investigate the factors associated with the survival of SM patients from the Brazilian National Cancer Institute.MethodsOne‐hundred and fifty‐seven patients diagnosed with SM were included in this study. We evaluated the epidemiologic, clinical, and histopathological data. Overall survival (OS) and relapse‐free survival (RFS) curves were computed using the Kaplan‐Meier method. Multivariable analyses were conducted using the Cox proportional hazard regression model.ResultsAmong the 157 patients, 87 (55.4%) were female. The median age was 68 years old. Median tumor depth was 6.0 mm. Lesions were ulcerated in 94 (59.9%). OS and RFS rates for 5 years were 61.0% and 41.8%, respectively. Median follow‐up time was 28 months. The factors associated with OS were Breslow thickness and ulceration, and for RFS, they were the anatomical site, Breslow thickness, and ulceration.ConclusionThis is the largest series of SM patients. The 5‐year OS and RFS rates were low (61.0% and 48.2%, respectively), and the main prognostic factors for OS were Breslow thickness and ulceration.
Microneurosurgical treatment options in peripheral nerve compression syndromes after chemotherapy and radiation treatment
Authors: Chang Eric I , Rose Michael I , Rossi Kristie , Elkwood Andrew I 
Published: September 2018

AbstractChemotherapy‐induced peripheral neuropathy and radiation‐induced brachial plexopathy are extremely debilitating conditions which can occur after treatment of malignancy. Unfortunately, the diagnosis can be elusive, and this dilemma is further compounded by the lack of efficacious therapeutics to prevent the onset of neurotoxicity before initiating chemotherapy or radiation or to treat these sequelae after treatment. However, microsurgical nerve decompression can provide these patients with a viable option to treat this complication.
Conjugated Linoleic Acid Isomers Trans‐10, Cis‐12 and Cis‐9, Trans‐11 Prevent Collagen‐Induced Arthritis in a Direct Comparison
Authors: Muhlenbeck Jessica A. , Olson Jake M. , Hughes Anna B. , Cook Mark E. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractMixed‐isomer conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and the individual isomers, trans‐10, cis‐12 (CLAt10c12) and cis‐9, trans‐11 (CLAc9t11), decrease severity of collagen‐induced arthritis (CA) when consumed after disease onset. Few studies have been conducted exploring the role of CLA in the prevention of autoimmune diseases. These studies suggest that isomer‐specific effects may be occurring; however, a direct comparison of CLAt10c12 and CLAc9t11 has yet to be conducted. A study to compare the ability of CLAt10c12 and CLAc9t11 to prevent CA and assess their effects on early inflammation was performed. DBA/1 mice were fed a semipurified diet containing 6% corn oil (CO), 5.5% CO and 0.5% CLAt10c12, or 5.5% CO and 0.5% CLAc9t11 (n = 27 per diet) starting three weeks before CA primary immunization. Effects on disease incidence and severity, anticollagen antibodies, plasma and paw cytokines, and hepatic fatty acids were measured. Arthritis incidence was reduced by a minimum of 34% in mice fed either CLA isomer compared to those fed CO diet (p = 0.06). In mice that did develop arthritis (n = 9–12 mice per treatment), CLAt10c12 reduced arthritic severity to a greater extent than CLAc9t11 and CO (p = 0.03). CLA isomer treatment attenuated the increased hepatic arachidonic acid (ARA; 20:4n‐6) observed with arthritis at one‐week postonset (p = 0.03), while no differences in anticollagen antibodies or cytokines were observed between dietary treatments. These results suggest that CLA isomers may be effective at preventing specific immune‐mediated inflammatory diseases, in part, through modulation of the ARA cascade.
Durability of environment–recruitment relationships in aquatic ecosystems: insights from long‐term monitoring in a highly modified estuary and implications for management
Authors: Tamburello N. , Connors B. M. , Fullerton D. , Phillis C. C. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe environment can strongly influence the survival and population dynamics of aquatic organisms. Our understanding of these relationships, typically based on simple linear regression, underpins many contemporary resource management decisions. However, such relationships can break down over time as ecosystems change. Even when durable, relationships may not be very useful for management if they exhibit high variability, context dependency, or nonstationarity. Here, we systematically review the literature to identify trends across environment–recruitment relationships for aquatic taxa from California's San Francisco Bay and Sacramento–San Joaquin Delta Estuary. This delta is one of the most heavily modified aquatic ecosystems in North America, and home to numerous species of concern whose relationships with the environment inform regulatory actions and constraints. We retested 23 of these relationships spanning nine species using data that have accumulated in the years since they were first published (9–40 additional years) to determine their durability. Most relationships remained the same or stronger in direction and magnitude but showed declining predictive power with the addition of new data, particularly for older relationships that had not adjusted for recognized regime shifts in the system through the use of step changes or data splitting. Constantly refining these relationships may give the appearance of durability, but limit their practical value as policy tools when the present or future state of the ecosystem is unknown. We conclude by synthesizing emerging insights from the literature on best practices for the analysis, use, and refinement of environment–recruitment relationships to inform better decision making in dynamic ecosystems.
Environmental determinants of larval herring (Clupea harengus) abundance and distribution in the western Baltic Sea
Authors: Dodson J. J. , Daigle G. , Hammer C. , Polte P. , Kotterba P. , Winkler G. , Zimmermann C. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe analysis of the abundance and distribution of the early life‐history stages of the western Baltic spring‐spawning herring population, spanning 23 yr, revealed that the abundance of yolk‐sac larvae was strongly spatially structured and significantly more abundant during the optimal temperature window for viable hatch of herring larvae (9°C to 13°C). The percentage of time encompassing this optimal temperature window exhibited a major contraction between 1995 and 2000 that may have contributed to reducing the supply of yolk‐sac larvae and ultimately contributed to reducing recruitment observed after 2000. Temperature also significantly influenced the abundance of preflexion and flexion larvae, defining dome‐shaped responses with maximum abundances observed between 10.27°C and 13.43°C and between 13.68°C and 18.53°C, respectively. The abundances of postflexion stage larvae were greatest at temperatures exceeding 14°C with no apparent decline in abundance at temperatures of up to 20°C. Temperature also played a significant role in influencing the abundance of larvae through its interaction with the abundance of the preceding developmental stage and provided evidence of stage‐specific temperature‐related mortality. There was also evidence of reduced survival during the preflexion–flexion transition in cohorts produced early in the season relative to those cohorts produced later. Although phenologically plastic species such as herring may be able to alter the dates of spawning, thus partially mitigating the effects of increasing rates of spring warming, constriction of the temperature windows for successful hatching and subsequent ontogenetic development may not be so easily mitigated by changes in phenology.
Human Serum Albumin‐Based Drug‐Free Macromolecular Therapeutics: Apoptosis Induction by Coiled‐Coil‐Mediated Cross‐Linking of CD20 Antigens on Lymphoma B Cell Surface
Authors: Zhang Libin , Fang Yixin , Li Lian , Yang Jiyuan , Radford D. Christopher , Kopeček Jindřich 
Published: September 2018

AbstractA therapeutic platform—drug‐free macromolecular therapeutics (DFMT)—that induces apoptosis in B cells by cross‐linking of CD20 receptors, without the need for low molecular weight cytotoxic drug, is developed. In this report, a DFMT system is synthesized and evaluated based on human serum albumin (HSA) and two complementary coiled‐coil forming peptides, CCE and CCK. Fab′ fragment of anti‐CD20 monoclonal antibody rituximab is attached to CCE (Fab′‐CCE); multiple grafts of CCK are conjugated to HSA (HSA‐(CCK)7). The colocalization of both nanoconjugates at the surface of non‐Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL) Raji cells is demonstrated by confocal fluorescence microscopy. The colocalization leads to coiled‐coil formation, CD20 cross‐linking, and apoptosis induction. The apoptotic levels are evaluated by Annexin V, Caspase 3, and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling assays. Selective surface binding of DFMT to CD20+ cells is validated in experiments on a coculture of CD20+ (Raji) and CD20‐(DG‐75) cells. It is found that DFMT can trigger calcium influx only in Raji cells, but not in DG‐75 cells. A highly specific treatment for NHL and other B cell malignancies with considerable translational potential is presented by HSA‐based DFMT system.
Through the looking glass: The factors that influence consumer trust and distrust in brands
Authors: Mal Carmen Iuliana , Davies Gary , Diers‐Lawson Audra 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThis study aims to identify the factors responsible for creating brand trust and brand distrust among consumers. It uses a grounded theory approach to guide the conduct and analysis of 20 semistructured interviews that yielded 120 descriptions of consumer‐brand interactions. The 3‐stage model that emerged shows a process whereby consumers prioritize product/service quality information and subsequently consider how the company behind the brand behaves toward consumers in the name of the brand, specifically behaviors signalling its integrity and benevolence. Finally, consumers consider characteristics of the company behind the brand (e.g., its financial status) and how it behaves in its own name toward other stakeholder groups (e.g., employees). The process for distrust mirrors that for trust, implying that the two are polar opposites. The data also show that trust and distrust in a brand can coexist but within separate domains.
Interference effects in competitive sponsorship clutter
Authors: Boeuf Benjamin , Carrillat François A. , d’Astous Alain 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThis article examines the effects on consumers’ attitudes of the concurrent exposure of competitive brands sponsoring different properties during an event (i.e., sponsoring an event vs. the athletes participating in this event), thus creating a
competitive sponsorship clutter. In contrast with previous research having examined interference effects in advertising, the results of this research reveal that in a sponsorship setting, clutter effects on consumer responses depend on perceived sponsor–sponsee congruence and do not result from deeper information processing. More precisely, it was found that whereas the evaluation of a congruent sponsoring brand is negatively affected by clutter, the impact of clutter on attitude toward an incongruent sponsor is positive. In addition, articulating the sponsorship was shown to decrease the negative effects of clutter. Implications for research and practice are derived from these findings.
“Retail is detail! Give consumers a gift rather than a bundle”: Promotion framing and consumer product returns
Authors: Lee Shinhyoung , Yi Youjae 
Published: September 2018

AbstractRetailers often use the promotion strategy of offering supplementary products (e.g., free gift, bundle) to attract consumers and increase sales. Despite the growing literature on the promotions that are differently framed but offer economically identical values, little research has examined the link between promotion framing and consumer product returns. The current article sheds light on this relationship, hypothesizing that a free gift promotion would be superior to a bundle promotion in reducing consumer product returns. The findings suggest that a gift‐framed promotion leads to a lower product return intention than an economically equivalent bundle promotion, because consumers tend to perceive more loss from giving up the gift‐framed (vs. bundle‐framed) deal. Further, this study examines a moderating role of brand familiarity (familiar vs. unfamiliar) and shows that the merits of free gift framing on product return intention via perceived loss are amplified (attenuated) when the promoted brand is familiar (unfamiliar). Overall, the investigations of this study imply that it is better to frame a promotion as a “free gift” than a “bundle” to increase perceived loss in returning the purchase and thus to decrease consumer product returns. This strategic intervention works especially when the gift is offered by familiar brands.
Resistance Training Reduces Skeletal Muscle Work Efficiency in Weight‐Reduced and Non–Weight‐Reduced Subjects
Authors: Rosenbaum Michael , Heaner Martica , Goldsmith Rochelle L. , Christian Schulze P. , Shukla Alpana , Shen Wei , Shane Elizabeth J. , Naor Elinor , Leibel Rudolph L. , Aronne Louis J. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractObjectiveThe objective of this study is to determine whether resistance training is similarly effective in reducing skeletal muscle efficiency and increasing strength in weight‐reduced and maximal weight subjects.MethodsThis study examined the effects of supervised resistance exercise on skeletal muscle in 14 individuals with overweight and obesity sustaining a 10% or greater weight loss for over 6 months and a phenotypically similar group of 15 subjects who had not reduced weight and were weight stable at their maximal lifetime body weight. We assessed skeletal muscle work efficiency and fuel utilization (bicycle ergometry), strength (dynamometry), body composition (dual energy x‐ray absorptiometry), and resting energy expenditure (indirect calorimetry) before and after 12 weeks of thrice‐weekly resistance training.ResultsNon–weight‐reduced subjects were significantly (10%‐20%) stronger before and after the intervention than reduced‐weight subjects and gained significantly more fat‐free mass with a greater decline in percentage of body fat than weight‐reduced subjects. Resistance training resulted in similar significant decreases (~10%) in skeletal muscle work efficiency at low‐level exercise and ~10% to 20% increases in leg strength in both weight‐reduced and non–weight‐reduced subjects.ConclusionsResistance training similarly increases muscle strength and decreases efficiency regardless of weight loss history. Increased resistance training could be an effective adjunct to reduced‐weight maintenance therapy.
Associations of Body Composition with Blood Pressure and Hypertension
Authors: Ye Sunyue , Zhu Chaonan , Wei Chen , Yang Min , Zheng Weifang , Gan Da , Zhu Shankuan 
Published: September 2018

ObjectiveThe present study investigated the associations of body composition, including skeletal muscle and fat mass, with blood pressure (BP) and hypertension.MethodsData from 3,130 participants aged 18 to 80 years were analyzed. Body composition and total skeletal muscle (TSM) were measured or calculated based on dual‐energy x‐ray absorptiometry. Multivariate linear and logistic regression models were used to analyze the associations of TSM, body fat percentage, android to gynoid fat ratio, and leg and arm lean body mass (LBM) with BP and hypertension. The Wald test was used to estimate the differences in the coefficients.ResultsTSM indices, body fat percentage, and android to gynoid fat ratio were significantly associated with higher odds ratio for prehypertension and hypertension, except for TSM/weight, after controlling for potential confounders. The standardized beta coefficients of arm LBM indices for systolic and diastolic BP were higher than relevant indices of leg LBM.ConclusionsDifferent indices of TSM, especially in arm LBM, were all positively associated with elevated BP, prehypertension, and hypertension in Chinese adults, after considering potential confounding factors, including body fat and fat distribution. Future longitudinal studies are warranted to confirm our findings.
Associations of Platelet Indices with Body Fat Mass and Fat Distribution
Authors: Han Shuang , Gan Da , Wang Guowei , Ru Yuan , Huang Chao , Lin Jie , Zhang Liang , Meng Zhuoxian , Zhu Shankuan 
Published: September 2018

ObjectiveThis study was undertaken to investigate the associations of platelet indices with body fat, including body fat mass and fat distribution.MethodsA total of 3,327 individuals aged 18 to 80 were enrolled. Body fat was assessed by dual‐energy x‐ray absorptiometry. Blood samples were collected to measure platelet indices (platelet count [PLT], plateletcrit [PCT], mean platelet volume, platelet distribution width, and platelet large cell ratio). Adjusted multivariate linear regression models were used to identify the associations of platelet indices with body fat.ResultsPLT was positively associated with BMI, waist circumference, waist‐hip ratio, total fat mass percentage, trunk fat mass percentage, android fat mass percentage, and android to gynoid fat ratio but negatively associated with gynoid fat mass percentage, total lean mass percentage, and skeletal muscle mass index. Similar associations were found between PCT and body fat. However, no significant associations were found between the other three platelet indices and body fat.ConclusionsBoth PLT and PCT were associated with body fat, and the associations depended on fat location. Because PCT is mainly influenced by PLT, these associations suggest that platelet quantity is more closely related to body fat mass and fat distribution.
Separate Effects of Exercise Amount and Intensity on Adipose Tissue and Skeletal Muscle Mass in Adults with Abdominal Obesity
Authors: Cowan Theresa E. , Brennan Andrea M. , Stotz Paula J. , Clarke John , Lamarche Benoit , Ross Robert 
Published: September 2018

ObjectiveTo determine the effects of exercise amount (kilocalories per session) and intensity (percent of maximal oxygen consumption [% VO2peak]) on adipose tissue (AT) and skeletal muscle (SM) in adults with abdominal obesity.MethodsParticipants (n = 103; 52.7 ± 7.6 years) were randomized to the following groups: control; low‐amount, low‐intensity exercise (180 kcal/session [women] and 300 kcal/session [men] at 50% VO2peak); high‐amount, low‐intensity exercise (HALI; 360 kcal/session [women] and 600 kcal/session [men] at 50% VO2peak); or high‐amount, high‐intensity exercise (HAHI; 360 kcal/session [women] and 600 kcal/session [men] at 75% VO2peak) for 24 weeks. Activities of daily living were measured by accelerometry. Magnetic resonance imaging was used to measure tissue mass.ResultsReduction in all AT depots was greater in the exercise groups compared with control (P < 0.002); however, there were no differences between exercise groups (P > 0.05). Visceral and abdominal subcutaneous AT reduction was uniform across the abdomen. Total SM mass did not change with exercise compared with control (P = 0.32). However, while lower‐body SM mass was maintained (P = 0.32), upper‐body SM mass in the high‐amount, high‐intensity and the high‐amount, low‐intensity groups was reduced compared with controls (P < 0.008).ConclusionsIn adults with abdominal obesity, substantial reductions in total, abdominal subcutaneous, and visceral AT with a preservation of total SM mass were observed independent of exercise amount or intensity.
Identification of Moonlighting Proteins in Genomes Using Text Mining Techniques
Authors: Jain Aashish , Gali Hareesh , Kihara Daisuke 
Published: September 2018

AbstractMoonlighting proteins is an emerging concept for considering protein functions, which indicate proteins with two or more independent and distinct functions. An increasing number of moonlighting proteins have been reported in the past years; however, a systematic study of the topic has been hindered because the secondary functions of proteins are usually found serendipitously by experiments. Toward systematic identification and study of moonlighting proteins, computational methods for identifying moonlighting proteins from several different information sources, database entries, literature, and large‐scale omics data have been developed. In this study, an overview for finding moonlighting proteins is discussed. Then, the literature‐mining method, DextMP, is applied to find new moonlighting proteins in three genomes, Arabidopsis thaliana, Caenorhabditis elegans, and Drosophila melanogaster. Potential moonlighting proteins identified by DextMP are further examined by a two‐step manual literature checking procedure, which finally yielded 13 new moonlighting proteins. Identified moonlighting proteins are categorized into two classes based on the clarity of the distinctness of two functions of the proteins. A few cases of the identified moonlighting proteins are described in detail. Further direction for improving the DextMP algorithm is also discussed.