bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mycobacterium
: General Characteristics, Laboratory Processing, Staining, Isolation, and Detection Procedures
Authors: Martin Isabella , Pfyffer Gaby E. , Parrish Nicole 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

The genus
Mycobacterium
encompasses several prominent pathogenic species, most notably the members of the
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
complex,
Mycobacterium leprae
, and
Mycobacterium ulcerans
. Continued use of the single genus and long‐standing taxonomy will provide laboratorians and clinicians with a standardized approach for assessment of patients with mycobacterial disease and/or colonization that will result in fewer errors while conserving often limited and valuable resources. The sensitivity and time to growth detection of the
Mycobacterium
Growth Indicator Tube system are superior to that of solid media in clinical evaluations. With the advent of molecular techniques designed for molecular epidemiology, cross‐contamination linked either to laboratory procedures or, more rarely, to contaminated bronchoscopes can easily be proven. Quality control (QC) is vital for monitoring a laboratory's effectiveness in detecting and isolating mycobacteria. This includes standard components of laboratory quality assurance, such as personnel competency, procedure manuals, external proficiency testing, and QC of media, tests, and reagents.
Estimation of heart dose in left breast cancer radiotherapy: Assessment of vDIBH feasibility using the supervised machine learning algorithm
Authors: Rajurkar Shriram Ashok , Verma Teerthraj , Gupta Rajeev 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBackground and objectiveThe volunteer deep inspiration breath hold (vDIBH) technique is used to reduce the heart dose in left breast cancer radiotherapy. Many times, it is faced that despite rigorous exercise and training, not all patients get benefited as expected. The primary objective of this study was to develop a machine learning program for prediction of mean heart dose before left breast radiotherapy under vDIBH.MethodsThe present work is based on the dosimetric parameters of eighty‐two left breast cancer patients, who have undergone modified radical mastectomy, enrolled for their radiation treatment. The trained machine learning algorithm employed linear regression to establish a correlation between Haller Index and heart mean dose (HMD) received during the ca left breast cancer radiotherapy. Subsequently, HMD values were used to model the regression relationship with maximum heart distance (MHD).ResultsThe method adopted is beneficial in patient selection and assessment for suitability of patients’ radiotherapy planning under vDIBH treatment technique. For data from 21 test patients, the mean of HMD obtained from the treatment planning system (TPS) and the mean of predicted HMD by developed program were found to be 468.76 cGy and 464.66 cGy, respectively.ConclusionThe present work facilitates precise HMD prediction in left breast cancer radiation therapy even before starting the treatment planning process. Additionally, this program offers suggestions in terms of modifications in treatment settings for even better results of vDIBH techniques if not matches with the anticipated results.
Superior Impact Resistance in Bionic Nanocellulose Composite Supramolecular Elastomers via Multiple Hydrogen Bonding Interactions
Authors: Wu Tianhao , Jiang Hao , Zheng Yujing , Zhao Chunyao , Shi Keyu , Xu Kangcheng , Li Xiaodong , Zou Meishuai 
Published: December 2024

AbstractInspired by biological mechanisms of impact protection, nanocellulose and linear polyurethane molecular chains are simultaneously tailored and expanded using supramolecular chemistry. This approach has led to the development of a novel impact protection strategy that leverages multilevel hydrogen bonding interactions. These abundant interactions effectively hinder the crystallization of polycaprolactone (PCL) chain segments, resulting in uniformly distributed microphase separation. This configuration achieves a significant fracture strength of 47.5 MPa, while maintaining an exceptional elongation at a break of 974.2%. The results demonstrate that supramolecular polyurethane‐cellulose nanofiber (SPU‐CNF) elastomer significantly reduces impact force and extends the impact buffer time. Crucially, the underlying mechanisms responsible for energy dissipation and impact protection in SPU‐CNF are elucidated. To validate these properties, impact protection tests at varying impact rates are conducted, underscoring the potential applications of the proposed SPU‐CNF in impact‐resistant materials.
Terminal Effects of Fulleropyrrolidine Electron Transport Materials for Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Liu Fu , Chen Bin‐Wen , Fan Ajuan , Chen Zuo‐Chang , Pan Yanbiao , Tang Zhuen , Deng Lin‐Long , Xing Zhou , Li Shu‐Hui 
Published: December 2024

AbstractFullerene (C60) and its derivatives are the most prevalent and efficient electron transport materials (ETMs) for state‐of‐the‐art perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Benefiting from the high performance, simple synthesis, and easy availability of raw materials, fulleropyrrolidine derivatives (FDs) are potential next‐generation ETM alternatives to currently used fullerene materials. However, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of FDs still lags far behind that of methanofullerene derivatives such as [6,6]‐phenyl‐C61‐butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM). Moreover, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. In this work, six FD ETMs are designed and synthesized, i.e., CN‐TPAX (X = H, Me, OMe, Cl, Br, I), for p‐i‐n PSCs, and obtained a champion PCE of over 25% for the CN‐TPACl ETM, outperforming all reported FDs until now. Subsequently, their performance is systematically characterized in terms of molecular characteristics, including single‐crystal structure, electronic properties, film formability/morphology, and electron dynamics, which helped reveal the terminal effects of FD ETMs on the molecular characteristics and photovoltaic performance of PSCs. This approach clarified the structure–performance relationships between the FDs and the resulting devices, highlighting the importance of the terminal design of fullerene ETMs for high‐performance PSCs.
Progress in the Stability of Small Molecule Acceptor‐Based Organic Solar Cells
Authors: Xu Han , Han Jianhua , Sharma Anirudh , Paleti Sri Harish Kumar , Hultmark Sandra , Yazmaciyan Aren , Müller Christian , Baran Derya 
Published: December 2024

AbstractSignificant advancements in power conversion efficiency have been achieved in organic solar cells with small molecule acceptors. However, stability remains a primary challenge, impeding their widespread adoption in renewable energy applications. This review summarizes the degradation of different layers within the device structure in organic solar cells under varying conditions, including light, heat, moisture, and oxygen. For the photoactive layers, the chemical degradation pathways of polymer donors and small molecule acceptors are examined in detail, alongside the morphological stability of the bulk heterojunction structure, which plays a crucial role in device performance. The degradation mechanisms of commonly used anode and cathode interlayers and electrodes are addressed, as these layers significantly influence overall device efficiency and stability. Mitigation methods for the identified degradation mechanisms are provided in each section to offer practical insights for improving device longevity. Finally, an outlook presents the remaining challenges in achieving long‐term stability, emphasizing research directions that require further investigation to enhance the reliability and performance of organic solar cells in real‐world applications.
Ternary Compensation Enables High‐sensitive Efficient Upconversion Device for NIR Visualization
Authors: Dong Shilong , Li Jin , Ma Tianjiao , Zhang Ming , Zhu Lei , Gao Xiaxin , Ma Manping , Yuan Wenqiang , Wang Zaiyu , Liu Feng , Jiang Xuesong 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBeyond the crystalline photodiodes for infrared visualization, with the limitation of opacity and complex lithographic processes, organic upconversion device (UCD) have emerged as a potential alternative. In this research, a ternary compensation strategy is implemented in a non‐fullerene‐based active layer to reduce the dark current of the detector and enhance its detection performance, which enables high‐sensitive efficient upconversion device for near‐infrared light (NIR) visualization. The device achieves an infrared‐to‐visible upconversion efficiency of 16.68% when resolving the 980 nm infrared signal at a power density of 0.4 mW cm−2. In addition, by replacing the semitransparent matrix electrodes, a large‐area (12.25 cm2) is further fabricated, lightweight (6.5 g containing encapsulation), pixel‐less (equivalent resolution 1270 ppi), and semitransparent (AVT ≈40%) UCD with microsecond response time. The fabricated UCD is demonstrated in pixel‐less active infrared naked‐eye visualization and infrared counter‐surveillance, fostering the advancement of infrared visualization technology.
Multifunctional Microneedle Patches Loaded With Engineered Nitric Oxide‐Releasing Nanocarriers for Targeted and Synergistic Chronic Wound Therapy
Authors: Jin Yinli , Liu Shuhua , Wang Xueyang , Wang Chenyuan , Ruan Qiongfang , Li Wei 
Published: December 2024

AbstractChronic wounds impose significant physical and mental burdens on patients. Nano‐based formulations offer a promising strategy for chronic wound healing due to their non‐invasive nature and enhanced biofilms penetration, but they often lack targeting capability or fail to achieve long‐term and synergistic effects. In this work, a multifunctional microneedle (MN) patch loaded with engineered nitric oxide (NO)‐releasing nanocarriers are presented that encapsulate an antibacterial agent and are immobilized with Concanavalin A (Con A) and NO molecules for targeted and synergistic treatment of chronic wounds. With the assistance of MNs, the nanoparticles (NPs) can directly cross bacterial biofilms and be efficiently delivered to wound tissues, where they target harmful bacteria through the specific recognition between Con A and polysaccharides on bacterial surfaces, followed by the release of the encapsulated antimicrobial agent, thereby achieving effective antibacterial effect. Moreover, the NPs generate NO in a sustained manner as they dissociate in the wound tissue, which exerts potent anti‐inflammatory action and benefits tissue regeneration, further promoting chronic wounds closure. Consequently, this work provides a novel MN patch loaded with engineered NPs designed for accelerating chronic wound healing through targeted and synergistic therapy.
Inverse Size‐Scaling Ferroelectricity in Centrosymmetric Insulating Perovskite Oxide DyScO3
Authors: Chen Linyuan , Ma Xue , Liang Zhiyao , Wang Yi , Liu Feng , Ma Yunpeng , Bao Yu‐Han , Lin Kai‐Qiang , Li Qian , Xu Bin , Wei Xian‐Kui 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe breaking of inversion symmetry dictates the emergence of electric polarization, whose topological states in superlattices and bulks have received tremendous attention for their intriguing physics brought for novel device design. However, as for substrate oxides such as LaAlO3, KTaO3, RScO3 (R = rare earth element), their centrosymmetric trivial attributes make their functionality poorly explored. Here, the discovery of nanoscale thickness gradient‐induced nonpolar‐to‐polar phase transition in band insulator DyScO3 is reported by using atomic resolution transmission electron microscopy. As the free‐standing specimen reduces to a critical thickness ≈5 nm, its inversion symmetry is spontaneously broken by surface charge transfer, which gives rise to asymmetric Dy atomic displacements and ferrodistortive octahedral order, as substantiated by the first‐principles calculations. Apart from the observation of migratable polar vortex structures, the switchable electric polarization by applied electric field is demonstrated by the piezoresponse force microscopy experiments. Given the decisive role of critical size in generating ferroelectricity, a concept of “inverse size‐scaling ferroelectric” is proposed to define a class of such materials. Distinct from the proper and improper ferroelectrics, the findings offer a new platform to explore novel low‐dimensional ferroelectrics and device applications in the future.
Tunable Single‐Phase White Light Emission from Complex Perovskite Sr3CaNb2O9: Dy3+/Eu3+ Phosphors
Authors: Khan Noor Zamin , Khan Sayed Ali , Muhammad Nisar , Chen Weilong , Ahmed Jahangeer , Padhiar Muhammad Amin , Chen Mei , Runowski Marcin , Alshehri Saad M. , Zhang Baohua , Pan Shu‐Sheng , Zheng Ren‐Kui 
Published: December 2024

AbstractSr3CaNb2O9:Dy3+/Eu3+ phosphors with a complex perovskite structure are prepared using a high‐temperature solid‐ state reaction technique. These phosphors are doped either singly or in combination with Dy3+/Eu3+ ions, resulting in efficient energy transfer from Dy3+ to Eu3+ and thus tunable‐color emission. Under 353 nm excitation, the Sr3CaNb2O9:Dy3+ phosphor emits blue (492 nm), yellow (583 nm), and red (682 nm) light, with the optimal doping concentration of Dy3+ of 0.04%. When excited by 394 nm (7F0 → 5L6), the Sr3CaNb2O9:Eu3+ phosphor exhibits two most intense emissions centered at 593 nm (5D0 → 7F1) and 614 nm (5D0 → 7F2). The decrease in luminescence intensity with increasing doping concentration of Dy3+ and Eu3+ is due to the cross‐relaxation associated with electric dipole–dipole interaction. Photoluminescence emission measurements under excitations of 353 and 365 nm indicate that the Sr3CaNb2O9:0.04Dy3+/0.05Eu3+ phosphor shows excellent thermal stability, even at a temperature of 150 °C, where the luminescence intensity preserves 79% of its initial value at room temperature. The electroluminescence performance of the Sr3CaNb2O9:0.04Dy3+/0.05Eu3+ phosphor is tested with 365 nm LED chips for potential use in white LEDs. The results confirm that Sr3CaNb2O9:0.04Dy3+/0.05Eu3+ phosphor has great potential for use in high‐power white LED applications as a single matrix.
Photoluminescent Sol‐Gel Glass Constructed via Highly Efficient Förster Resonance Energy Transfer
Authors: Yu Longyue , Fu Wenwen , Li Mengdie , Liu Hailong , Huang Xionghui , Xin Xia , Feng Lei , Li Hongguang 
Published: December 2024

AbstractPhotoluminescent (PL) solid with color tunability are in high demand for the development of large‐area display and illumination devices. With high transparency, high chemical stability, and mature fabrication, sol‐gel glass is an ideal solid matrix to obtain such materials by chromophore doping. However, it remains a big challenge to obtain sol‐gel glass with high luminous efficiency under a single excitation wavelength. Herein, the construction of highly luminescent sol‐gel glass enabled by Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) is reported. Branched siloxane is used to modify naphthalene and BODIPY, which led to the formation of blue‐emitting donor (denoted as Si‐Nap) and green‐emitting acceptor (denoted as Si‐BODIPY), respectively. Efficient FRET occurs between Si‐Nap and Si‐BODIPY proved by spectral titration and lifetime measurements, with an energy transfer efficiency (ΦET) up to 97.9%. When RhB is added, it acts as a final acceptor that enables the occurrence of a sequential FRET from Si‐Nap to Si‐BODIPY and further to RhB. The overall energy transfer efficiency reaches 94%, and the fluorescence quantum yield exceeds 88%. By adjustment of the composition, color‐tunable sol‐gel glass is obtained with emergence of white‐emitting samples, opening potential applications in a variety of fields.
Hybrid Terahertz Emitter for Pulse Shaping and Chirality Control
Authors: Wu Weipeng , Acuna Wilder , Huang Zhixiang , Wang Xi , Gundlach Lars , Doty Matthew F. , Zide Joshua M. O. , Jungfleisch M. Benjamin 
Published: December 2024

AbstractTerahertz (THz) radiation (0.3 to 30 THz) fills the crucial gap between the microwave and infrared spectral range. THz technology is important for applications ranging from imaging to telecommunication to biosensing, but these applications often require precise control and manipulation of the THz frequency and polarization state, which typically requires modulators external to the THz source. A hybrid THz emitter that overcomes this limitation by integrating two THz emitters into a single device to enable pulse shaping and chirality control of the emitted radiation without any external components is demonstrated. The two sources are a spintronic emitter (SE) and a semiconductor photoconductive antenna (PCA). The two emitters respond independently to external parameters: the PCA is controlled by the applied bias voltage, while the SE is controlled by the applied magnetic field. Moreover, a dual‐wavelength excitation scheme allows for control of the relative time delay between the THz emission from each constituent. These properties of the hybrid emitter enable precise control of the mixing of the two signals to control the frequency, polarization, and chirality of the overall THz radiation. This on‐chip hybrid emitter thus provides a powerful platform for engineered THz radiation with wide‐ranging potential applications.
Systematic Characterization of Splicing Dysregulation in Pan Solid Tumor Transcriptome
Authors: Sui Jingru , Guo Dan , Wen Xiao , Zhou Lei , Huang Yue , Yu Haoyu , Chen Jinyu , Liu Zhaoqi 
Published: December 2024

AbstractSplicing dysregulation arising from spliceosomal mutations contributes to disease progression and treatment resistance, mostly in hematologic malignancy. Whereas spliceosomal mutations are less common in solid tumors, splicing disorders are pervasive and proven to promote tumorigenesis. However, there is a lack of systematic understanding of the overall splicing dysregulation patterns and how widespread different patterns occur within or across solid tumor lineage. To address these questions, a computational method called SMNPLS (Sparse Multi‐Network Regularized Partial Least Squares) is developed to uncover the pan‐cancer splicing dysregulation landscape by extracting joint modular patterns from paired matrices of splicing factors (SFs) expressions and alternative splicing events (ASEs). Six unique patterns illustrated by ASE‐SF co‐modules are summarized, which involve 1,570 ASEs and altered expression of 170 SFs, covering 40% of TCGA solid tumors. Cross‐cancer commonalities of splicing dysregulation are observed among digestive system neoplasms, renal‐associated tumors, and urogenital tumors. By contrast, brain tumors demonstrate a distinct splicing pattern with the highest ASE‐SF correlation. In addition, some new splicing regulatory relationships are identified that are potentially oncogenic. Overall, the study characterizes the full spectrum of splicing dysregulation patterns, indicating the similarity and specificity of splicing‐derived pathogenesis across 31 human solid tumors.
Modulation of Biomaterial‐Associated Fibrosis by Means of Combined Physicochemical Material Properties
Authors: Tromp Lisa E. , van der Boon Torben A.B. , de Hilster Roderick H.J. , Bank Ruud , van Rijn Patrick 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBiomaterial‐associated fibrosis remains a significant challenge in medical implants. To optimize implant design, understanding the interplay between biomaterials and host cells during the foreign body response (FBR) is crucial. Material properties are known to influence cellular behavior and can be used to manipulate cell responses, but predicting the right combination for the desired outcomes is challenging. This study explores how combined physicochemical material properties impact early myofibroblast differentiation using the Biomaterial Advanced Cell Screening (BiomACS) technology, which assesses hundreds of combinations of surface topography, stiffness, and wettability in a single experiment. Normal human dermal fibroblasts (NHDFs) are screened for cell density, area, and myofibroblast markers α‐smooth muscle actin (α‐SMA) and Collagen type I (COL1) after 24 h and 7 days of culture, with or without transforming growth factor‐beta (TGF‐β). Results demonstrated that material properties influence fibroblast behavior after 7 days with TGF‐β stimulation, with wettability emerging as the predominant factor, followed by stiffness. The study identified regions with increased cell adhesion while minimizing myofibroblast differentiation, offering the potential for implant surface optimization to prevent fibrosis. This research provides a powerful tool for cell‐material studies and represents a critical step toward enhancing implant properties and reducing complications, ultimately improving patient outcomes.
Electron‐Lattice Synergistic Coordination for Boosting the Electro‐Optic Response of the Crystal
Authors: Han Jinfeng , Wang Yuzhou , Liang Fei , Wu Kui , Lu Dazhi , Cui Deliang , Yu Haohai , Zhang Huaijin 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe electro‐optic (E‐O) response is fundamental where the refractive index of materials can be modulated by the external electric field. Up to now, E‐O modulation has become a critical technology in photonics, quantum optics, modern communication, etc. However, the design of E‐O crystals with broadband availabilities and large E‐O effect is still challenging since the E‐O response is contributed by both electrons and phonons. Here, an electron‐lattice synergistic coordination strategy is proposed for boosting the E‐O response, and with the langasite as the subject, a novel crystal La3Zr0.5Ga5Si0.5O14 (LZGS) is designed. By the rational introduction of the Zr4+ ion in the octahedral site, it is found that the E‐O response can be obviously improved attributed to the active 4d orbitals of the Zr4+ ion and the optical phonons of the flexible (ZrO6) unit. This crystal also has advantages in transparency, laser damage threshold and E‐O coefficient compared with the well‐known E‐O crystals. Moreover, broadband E‐O modulation is also demonstrated in the lasers at wavelengths from 639 to 1991 nm. These findings not only demonstrate an excellent E‐O crystal for the development of modern devices in classical and quantum fields but also provide a design strategy for boosting the E‐O response.
Controllable Strategy of Metal–Organic Framework Structural Stability: Regulation of Ligand Electronegativity by Esterification
Authors: Huang Guanjie , Ma Jianzhong , Chen Jie , Zhang Wenbo , Fan Qianqian , Han Buxing 
Published: December 2024

AbstractStructural stability of metal–organic framework (MOF) is crucial for their application, and thus it is of great significance to construct MOFs with controllable structural stability. Herein, a strategy based on adjusting the electronic environment of ligands to regulate the structure stability of MOF is proposed. Briefly, a novel Zr‐MOF (Zr‐TA) with hydroxyl groups is synthesized. The hydroxyl groups are esterified to obtain ester groups with stronger electronegativity, which can weaken the strength of coordination between metal ion and ligand, thereby regulating the structure stability of the Zr‐MOF. Notably, this strategy can achieve controllable adjustment of the structure by adding modifiers at the appropriate time. In this work, this strategy is used to greatly improving the binding ability of MOF and collagen fibers, the hydrothermal stability of crosslinked collagen fibers is enhanced by 82.6%. Surprisingly, this strategy can also be applied to other application fields that require dynamic changes in structural stability of MOF. It will open up a new pathway for controlling the structural stability and application performance of MOF.