bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Collaboration matters: Faculty hiring in information school
Authors: Zuo Zhiya , Zhao Kang 
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACTSuccessful hiring decisions are important for both academic institutions and individual faculty members. While factors including institutional prestige and gender are shown to affect faculty hiring outcome, there is a lack of study on whether and how research collaboration helps. We aimed at bridging this gap with a hand‐curated dataset of 81 junior faculty members from 27 information schools. Specifically, we analysed the effect of advisors and collaborators on faculty placement, controlling for a candidate's h‐index, gender, prestige of degree‐granting institution, and position openings. We found that the median of collaborator h‐indices has a significant and positive effect on the prestige of the institution that hires a faculty. PhD graduates who have co‐authored with high‐impact researchers (other than advisors) are more likely to find faculty positions in better ranked institutions. This reveals an implicit hiring decision‐making factor that encourages young researchers to actively seek collaboration opportunities with well‐established scholars to secure a good faculty job in the future.
On the Adherence of Chemically Deposited CdS Films to Common Inorganic Substrates: Effect of Cd2+ Concentration in Solution, Substrate Surface Chemistry, and Reaction Temperature
Authors: García‐Valenzuela Jorge A. , Cota‐Leal Marcos , Corona‐Martínez David O. , Baez‐Gaxiola Martha R. , Martínez‐Gil Miguel , Sotelo‐Lerma Mérida , Cabrera‐German Dagoberto 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe bad adherence to the substrate of chemical‐solution‐deposited chalcogenide films in alkaline solution is a current technological problem. However, this issue is belittled since is commonly solved by employing pre‐sensitized substrates or by empirically changing the deposition parameters until “finding” the “proper” chemical formulation. For these reasons, the issue of the adherence has not been previously studied. The present research aims to properly discuss the issue of adherence by taking as example CdS. As a substrate, we used float glass sheets to take advantage of the surface duality of this interesting flat glass (different tin content). It was found that both the surface chemical composition of the substrate and the concentration of Cd2+ in the reaction solution play important roles in the adherence of the CdS thin films; an important effect of temperature was also found. The results were also consistent for indium tin oxide and silicon wafer surfaces. We propose a general surface reaction scheme which considers both the surface reactive sites and the hidroxo–cadmium–thiourea complexes of the reaction solution, as well as the formation of a surface intermediate entity which dissociates into a CdS molecule bonded to the surface and byproducts. The adherence depends on the quantity of surface intermediate entities formed, and therefore, the conditions that promote their formation contribute to the adherence: high reagent concentration, high‐reactive surface sites, and low reaction temperature.
Sustainable and Eco‐Friendly Method for the Synthesis of Some Bioactive Derivatives of Biscoumarin and Pyrano[3,2‐c]Chromene‐3‐Carbonitrile Using Taurine, as the Catalyst
Authors: Daneshvar Nader , Goli‐Jolodar Omid , Karimi‐Chayjani Reyhaneh , Nikoo Langarudi Mohaddeseh Safarpoor , Shirini Farhad 
Published: February 2019

AbstractCoumarin is a bio‐organic compound which exists in some plants. Coumarin by its own or its derivatives are important compounds in the medicinal chemistry, agrochemistry fragrance and food chemistry. Bis(4‐hydroxycoumarin) derivatives are the most famous species of these compounds. Also, pyrano[3,2‐c]chromene‐3‐carbonitrile derivatives which contain a moiety of 4‐hydroxycoumarin have a wide range of biological activities. Taurine, the semi‐essential β‐amino acid in the organs of living creatures especially human and animals, is used as a green bio‐organic catalyst to promote the formation of biscoumarin and pyrano[3,2‐c]chromene‐3‐carbonitrile derivatives via a Knoevenagel‐Micheal reaction in aqueous media. Using this method, the requested products are obtained in high yields during acceptable reaction times and the catalyst can be recycled with high efficiency. In fact, in this study, a bio‐organic reagent is used as the catalyst to promote the synthesis of bioactive compounds in the greenest conditions possible.
Synthesis and Photochemical Study of Thiazolidine Derivatives of Cymantrene and the Corresponding Dicarbonyl Chelates
Authors: Telegina Lyudmila N. , Kelbysheva Elena S. , Strelkova Tatyana V. , Ezernitskaya Mariam G. , Smol'yakov Alexander F. , Borisov Yurii A. , Loim Nikolay M. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractIsomeric 4,5‐dihydro‐2‐[(cymantrenylmethyl)thio]thiazole (1) and 3‐(cymantrenylmethyl)‐1,3‐thioazolidine‐2‐thione (2) were synthesized and photochemical behavior and spectral characteristics of tricarbonyl and dicarbonyl complexes were studied. Irradiation of compounds 1 and 2 results in the formation of stable chelates due to coordination of manganese to the donor nitrogen and sulfur atoms of the thiazolidine substituent. Photolysis is accompanied with a colour change and the corresponding changes in the UV/Vis spectra depending on the solvent used. In the presence of CO, the dicarbonyl chelates enter the dark reaction to give the parent tricarbonyl complexes thus forming intermolecular photochromic systems. Photolysis of the dicarbonyl chelate 5 gives the isomeric chelate 6, which in the course of the dark isomerization transforms into complex 5. Chelates 5 and 6 form an intramolecular photochromic pair.
Synthesis of Hierarchical Titanium‐Rich Titanium Silicalite‐1 Zeolites and the Highly Efficient Catalytic Performance for Hydroxylation of Phenol
Authors: Han Zongzhuang , Shen Yun , Qin Xiaofei , Wang Fumin , Zhang Xubin , Wang Gang , Li. Haichao 
Published: February 2019

AbstractImproving the framework titanium (Ti) of titanium silicalite‐1 (TS‐1) zeolites and creating inter‐crystalline mesoporosity are two ways to enhance the catalytic properties of TS‐1 for hydroxylation of phenol. Most researches only used one of the ways. In this study, we successfully synthesized of hierarchical Titanium‐Rich (Ti‐rich) TS‐1. Ti‐rich TS‐1 was synthesized in the presence of ammonium carbonate ((NH4)2CO3). The framework Ti content of TS‐1 zeolites synthesized by different content of (NH4)2CO3 was studied by X‐ray fluorescence (XRF), Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR) and ultraviolet visible spectra, the framework Ti content was significantly increased by using (NH4)2CO3 as crystallization‐mediating agent. The synthesized samples were evaluated in hydroxylation of phenol. When the molar ratio of ammonium carbonate and tetraethyl orthosilicate in the synthesis gel was 0.2, the molar ratio of Si/Ti reached 34.43 and the Ti‐rich TS‐1 shows the optimum catalytic activity in hydroxylation of phenol. The post‐modification with aqueous solution of tetrapropylammonium hydroxide (TPAOH) was used to further improve the diffusion property. Compared with the parent TS‐1, the secondary pore volume was all increased. The developed hierarchical Ti‐rich TS‐1 zeolites were also assessed in hydroxylation of phenol. It was confirmed that hierarchical Ti‐rich titanium silicalite‐1 zeolites can improve the catalytic activity in phenol conversion considerably.
Bridged Alkyl Ionic Liquid‐Catalyzed Tandem Reaction for Synthesis of Spiro[4H‐pyran‐3,3′‐oxindoles] in Aqueous Ethanol Solution
Authors: Li Cheng‐Bin , Huang Lu‐Shan , Wu Run‐Shi , Xu Da‐Zhen 
Published: February 2019

AbstractA new class of bridged alkyl ionic liquids has been successfully developed and they are shown to be efficient catalysts for the synthesis of a wide range of densely functionalized spiro[4H‐pyran‐3,3′‐oxindole] derivatives. With only 1 mol% catalyst, all the reactions underwent smoothly in aqueous ethanol solution at ambient temperature and afforded the corresponding products in good to excellent yields within a short reaction time. This is a simple and green protocol with significant advantages such as the use of environmentally friendly solvent, mild conditions, easy work up, no chromatographic separation, and applicability for large‐scale synthesis. The catalyst could be reused eight times at least.
Design, Synthesis, Neuroprotective and Antibacterial Activities of 1,2,4‐Triazolo[3,4‐b]1,3,4‐thiadiazole Linked Thieno[2,3‐d]pyrimidine Derivatives and In Silico Docking Studies
Authors: Settypalli Triloknadh , Chunduri Venkata Rao , Kerru Nagaraju , Nallapaneni Hari Krishna , Chintha Venkata Ramaiah , Daggupati Trinath , Yeguvapalli Suneetha , Wudayagiri Rajendra 
Published: February 2019

AbstractIn pursuit of neuroprotective and antimicrobial agents, a series of 1,2,4‐triazolo[3,4‐b]1,3,4‐thiadiazole incorporated thieno[2,3‐d]pyrimidine derivatives 10 a‐l has been designed, synthesized. The final target compounds were screened for neuroprotective, neurotoxic and antibacterial activities. The compounds derived from 4‐methylphenyl (10 a) and 4‐nitrophenyl (10 c) have showed good neuroprotective activity against H2O2 induced PC12 cell death at respective EC50 values of 10.44, 14.12 μg/mL. However 10 b and 10 k showed superior neurotoxic effects than rest of the compounds with respective CC50 values of 100.16, 120 μg/mL. Potent antibacterial activity was shown by 10 f (R=‐Me, R2=‐OMe), 10 h (R=‐Me, R2=‐Cl) against the four bacterial pathogens such as S.aureus, B.subtilis, E.coli and P.aeruginosa at low minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) range. Further, in silico docking studies were performed for all the synthesized compounds with C(30) carotenoid dehydrosqualene synthase, Gyrase A and LpxC bacterial proteins. Interestingly, 10 f, 10 h showed good binding affinities with target proteins and these results are in good compliance with the in vitro activity profile data.
Hegel's Complete Views on Crime and Punishment
Authors: KOMASINSKI ANDREW 
Published: February 2019

AbstractIn this article, I argue that Hegel's complete and mature view of crime and punishment is more robust than many interpretations of theUnrechtpassage in the ‘Abstract Right’ section of Hegel'sElements of the Philosophy of Rightsuggest. First, I explain the value of revisiting the interpretation of Hegel as a simple retributionist in the contemporary debate. Then, I look at Hegel's treatment of crime and punishment in the section on abstract right to show the role of punishment in Hegel's account. Next, I argue that this needs to be situated in Hegel's broader social philosophy and that we can accomplish this by looking at how theUnrechtpassage fits in theElements of the Philosophy of Right’s dialectical structure. I do so by building on the sections on civil society and state in the part ofElements of the Philosophy of Rightdealing with ethical life(Sittlichkeit), which include considerations of prevention and rehabilitation. I contend that this analysis reveals an account of punishment as more complicated than simple retribution.
Ladder epochs and ladder chain of a Markov random walk with discrete driving chain
Authors: Alsmeyer Gerold 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Let (Mn,Sn)n≥0 be a Markov random walk with positive recurrent driving chain (Mn)n≥0 on the countable state space 𝒮 with stationary distribution π. Suppose also that lim supn→∞Sn=∞ almost surely, so that the walk has almost-sure finite strictly ascending ladder epochs σn>. Recurrence properties of the ladder chain (Mσn>)n≥0 and a closely related excursion chain are studied. We give a necessary and sufficient condition for the recurrence of (Mσn>)n≥0 and further show that this chain is positive recurrent with stationary distribution π> and 𝔼π>σ1><∞ if and only if an associated Markov random walk (𝑀̂n,𝑆̂n)n≥0, obtained by time reversal and called the dual of (Mn,Sn)n≥0, is positive divergent, i.e. 𝑆̂n→∞ almost surely. Simple expressions for π> are also provided. Our arguments make use of coupling, Palm duality theory, and Wiener‒Hopf factorization for Markov random walks with discrete driving chain.
All solutions of the stochastic fixed point equation of the Quicksort process
Authors: Hallmann S. , Rösler U. , Wnuk M. 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
The Quicksort process R (Rösler (2018)) can be characterized as the unique endogenous solution of the inhomogeneous stochastic fixed point equation R=D(UR1(1∧t∕U)+𝟭{U<t}(1-U)R2((t-U)∕(1-U))+C(U,t))t on the space 𝒟 of càdlàg functions, such that R(1) has the Quicksort distribution. In this paper we characterize all 𝒟-valued solutions of that equation. Every solution can be represented as the convolution of a solution of the inhomogeneous equation and a general solution of the homogeneous equation (Rüschendorf (2006)). The general solutions of the homogeneous equation are the distributions of Cauchy processes Y with constant drift. Any distribution of R+Y for independent R and Y is a solution of the inhomogeneous equation. Every solution of the inhomogeneous equation is of the form R+Y, where R and Y are independent. The endogenous solutions for the inhomogeneous equation are the shifted Quicksort process distributions. In comparison, the Quicksort distribution is the endogenous solution of the Quicksort fixed point equation unique up to a constant (Rösler (1991)). The general solution can be represented as the convolution of the shifted Quicksort distribution and some symmetric Cauchy distribution (Fill and Janson (2000)), possibly degenerate.
The linear birth‒death process: an inferential retrospective
Authors: Tavaré Simon 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
In this paper we provide an introduction to statistical inference for the classical linear birth‒death process, focusing on computational aspects of the problem in the setting of discretely observed processes. The basic probabilistic properties are given in Section 2, focusing on computation of the transition functions. This is followed by a brief discussion of simulation methods in Section 3, and of frequentist methods in Section 4. Section 5 is devoted to Bayesian methods, from rejection sampling to Markov chain Monte Carlo and approximate Bayesian computation. In Section 6 we consider the time-inhomogeneous case. The paper ends with a brief discussion in Section 7.
Analytic and geometric properties of dislocation singularities
Authors: Scala Riccardo , Van Goethem Nicolas 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThis paper deals with the analysis of the singularities arising from the solutions of the problem${-}\,{\rm Curl\ } F=\mu $, whereFis a 3 × 3 matrix-valuedLp-function ($1\les p<2$) andμa 3 × 3 matrix-valued Radon measure concentrated in a closed loop in Ω ⊂ ℝ3, or in a network of such loops (as, for instance, dislocation clusters as observed in single crystals). In particular, we study the topological nature of such dislocation singularities. It is shown that$F=\nabla u$, the absolutely continuous part of the distributional gradientDuof a vector-valued functionuof special bounded variation. Furthermore,ucan also be seen as a multi-valued field, that is, can be redefined with values in the three-dimensional flat torus 𝕋3and hence is Sobolev-regular away from the singular loops. We then analyse the graphs of such maps represented as currents in Ω × 𝕋3and show that their boundaries can be written in term of the measureμ. Readapting some well-known results for Cartesian currents, we recover closure and compactness properties of the class of maps with bounded curl concentrated on dislocation networks. In the spirit of previous work, we finally give some examples of variational problems where such results provide existence of solutions.
Dietary intake and breast cancer risk in black South African women: the South African Breast Cancer study
Authors: Jacobs Inarie , Taljaard-Krugell Christine , Ricci Cristian , Vorster Hester , Rinaldi Sabina , Cubasch Herbert , Laubscher Ria , Joffe Maureen , van Zyl Tertia , Norris Shane A. , Romieu Isabelle 
Published: February 2019

AbstractIncidence rates of breast cancer (BC) are increasing in South Africa. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between dietary intake and BC risk in black South African women. The study population included 396 BC cases and 396 population-based controls matched on age and residence, participating in the South African Breast Cancer study. Diet was assessed using a validated quantified FFQ from which twelve energy-adjusted food groups were formed and analysed. OR were estimated using conditional logistic regressions, adjusted for confounding factors, comparing highestv.lowest median intake. Fresh fruit consumption showed an inverse association with BC risk (OR=0·3, 95 % CI 0·12, 0·80) in premenopausal women, whilst red and organ meat consumption showed an overall inverse association with BC risk (OR=0·6, 95 % CI 0·49, 0·94 and OR=0·6, 95 % CI 0·47, 0·91). Savoury food consumption (sauces, soups and snacks) were positively associated with BC risk in postmenopausal women (OR=2·1, 95 % CI 1·15, 4·07). Oestrogen receptor-positive stratification showed an inverse association with BC risk and consumption of nuts and seeds (OR=0·2, 95 % CI 0·58, 0·86). Based on these results, it is recommended that black South African women follow a diet with more fruit and vegetables together with a decreased consumption of less energy-dense, micronutrient-poor foods such as savoury foods. More research is necessary to investigate the association between BC risk and red and organ meat consumption. Affordable and practical methods regarding these recommendations should be implemented within health intervention strategies.
THE CANTERBURY ELECTION OF 1626 AND PARLIAMENTARY SELECTION REVISITED
Authors: COGSWELL THOMAS 
Published: February 2019

AbstractIn 1626, after losing a bitterly fought parliamentary election in Canterbury, Thomas Scott wrote Canterburie cittizens. Initially, he planned to present it to the House of Commons, but the text quickly became too lengthy and, most importantly, too controversial in its assessments. Scholars can only be glad that he produced such an extensive account of the contest. His book allows us to see how the ‘Rule-alls’ on the corporation, dominated by brewers and innkeepers, struggled against Scott's humbler supporters. As Scott makes abundantly clear, this contest was not a result of any chance misunderstanding; rather it stemmed from long-standing divisions within the city which emerged at the 1621 elections and continued well into the Civil War. For days before the election, a group of godly ministers sought to rally votes for Scott, while the ‘Rule-alls’ systematically bullied voters into line. Consequently, although Scott had the largest numbers of supporters at the election, some were too frightened to voice their support loudly. After discussing this episode in detail, the article will reassess the literature on early Stuart elections and particularly, Mark Kishlansky's 1986 book, Parliamentary selections.
Evaluation of upper oesophageal sphincter in unilateral vocal fold paralysis
Authors: Erdur O , Gul O , Ozturk K 
Published: February 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate dysphagia and manometric changes in the upper oesophageal sphincter in patients with unilateral vocal fold paralysis.MethodsThirty patients with unilateral vocal fold paralysis due to vagal nerve paralysis scheduled for evaluation were enrolled in the study group; 24 healthy subjects were included in the control group. Upper oesophageal sphincter basal and residual pressure, relaxation time, and pharyngeal pressure values were evaluated by manometry. All patients completed the Turkish Eating Assessment Tool 10 questionnaire, the MD Anderson dysphagia questionnaire and the reflux symptom index form.ResultsSwallowing assessment questionnaires and reflux symptom index results were significantly higher in the study group. Upper oesophageal sphincter basal and relaxation pressures were lower in the study group. Upper oesophageal sphincter relaxation time was shorter in the study group, but pressure values recorded from the pharynx were higher.ConclusionUpper oesophageal sphincter manometric pressure was lower in patients with unilateral vocal fold paralysis. A hypotonic sphincter likely contributes to dysphagia and aspiration.
Sabellaria wilsoni(Polychaeta: Sabellariidae): an ecosystem engineer and promoter of zoobenthos diversity in the Brazilian Amazon coast
Authors: Aviz Daiane , Silva Roseanne Figueira Da , Rosa Filho José Souto 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe present study describes the variation in the benthic macrofauna related to the presence ofSabellaria wilsoni(Polychaeta: Sabellariidae) reefs on a sandy beach of the Brazilian Amazon Coast. The study also investigated whether the erosion of parts of the reef by intense wave action results in differences in the fauna. Samples were collected from a patch of reef and the adjacent sandy sediment for the analysis of the zoobenthos and substrates (granulometry and organic matter content) on Algodoal-Maiandeua Island (northern Brazil coast). The reef had more heterogeneous sediments and a higher organic matter content, and its fauna was distinct from that of the beach, with a higher density, species richness and diversity. The reef fauna included taxa typical of both consolidated and unconsolidated substrates. The portion of the reef more exposed to wave action had a lower density of reef-building worms, and these worms were smaller in size than those of the more protected portion, although the associated fauna of the exposed portion was denser and richer in species. These results confirmed thatS. wilsoniis an important ecosystem engineer on the Amazon coast, and that the diversity and unique features of the fauna associated with these reefs emphasize their importance as a substrate for the local benthic communities, in particular in areas where consolidated bottoms are naturally scarce.
Loving Kindness and Mercy: their Human and Cosmic Significance
Authors: Cottingham John 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThis paper starts by examining the language used in some well known scriptural passages where the importance of mercy or compassion is stressed. Such passages underline the ethical importance of a direct, physically and emotionally involved response. This leads on to a critique of the shortcomings of approaches to ethics which advocate the impersonal promotion of welfare; our lives as ethical beings depend intimately on the immediate responses arising from our encounters with others in our day-to-day lives. The paper then further explores the special status of loving kindness and mercy in the Judaeo-Christian tradition, and argues that secular ethical systems, whether grounded in human nature or in the supposed requirements of rationality, are unlikely to be able to underwrite this kind of status. The final section reflects further on the ‘cosmic’ significance of love in a theistic worldview.
2050: a Library Space Odyssey. Planning the Future Library
Authors: Latimer Karen 
Published: February 2019

AbstractEmbarking on a library space planning odyssey is exciting, terrifying and all absorbing. Planning a new library building or a major refurbishment is a challenging process requiring a strong strategic vision, attention to detail, excellent communication and an element of crystal-ball gazing. This article, written by Karen Latimer, examines the changing typology and current trends in library building design which help planners to envisage the future library and make informed decisions. These trends include the move from collections to connections, the need for varied and flexible learning spaces, sustainability, the impact of technological developments, and the need for scholarly research centres amongst others. Examples of recent library projects are cited to provide inspiration and illustrate the points made. The planning process required to brief the design team effectively and to achieve a successful outcome is considered as is the key role of post-occupancy evaluation in ensuring a continuous loop of improvement. To conclude resources available to provide support are described.