bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Phase II Study Assessing Safety, Tolerability, and Efficacy of Bryostatin in the Treatment of Moderately Severe to Severe Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Farlow Martin R. , Thompson Richard E. , Wei Lee-Jen , Tuchman Alan J. , Grenier Elaine , Crockford David , Wilke Susanne , Benison Jeffrey , Alkon Daniel L. 
Published: December 2018

Background: Bryostatin-activated PKC epsilon pre-clinically induces synaptogenesis, anti-apoptosis, anti-amyloid-β oligomers, and anti-hyperphosphorylated tau. Objectives: To investigate bryostatin safety, tolerability, and efficacy to improve cognition in advanced Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients. Methods: A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled Phase II, 12-week trial of i.v. bryostatin for 150 advanced AD patients (55–85) with MMSE-2 of 4–15, randomized 1:1:1 into 20 μg and 40 μg bryostatin, and placebo arms. The Full Analysis Set (FAS) and the Completer Analysis Set (CAS) were pre-specified alternative assessments (1-sided, p < 0.1 for primary efficacy, and 2-sided, p < 0.05 for pre-specified and post hoc exploratory analyses). Results: The safety profile was similar for 20 μg treatment and placebo patients. The 40 μg patients showed safety and drop-out issues, but no efficacy. Primary improvement of Severe Impairment Battery (SIB) scores at 13 weeks was not significant ( p = 0.134) in the FAS, although in the CAS, the SIB comparison favored 20 μg bryostatin compared to placebo patients ( p < 0.07). Secondary analyses at weeks 5 and 15 (i.e., 30 days post-final dosing) also favored 20 μg bryostatin compared to placebo patients. A pre-specified ANCOVA for baseline memantine blocking bryostatin and positive post-hoc trend analyses were statistically significant (2-sided, p < 0.05). Conclusion: Although the primary endpoint was not significant in the FAS, primary and secondary analyses in the CAS, and pre-specified and post-hoc exploratory analyses did favor bryostatin 20 μg compared to the placebo cohort. These promising Phase II results support further trials of 20 μg bryostatin— without memantine— to treat AD.
Low-frequency eddy current testing using HTS coil driven by PWM inverter
Authors: Sasayama Teruyoshi , Enpuku Keiji 
Published: December 2018

When testing ferromagnetic materials such as iron, low-frequency eddy-current testing (LF-ECT) is used to avoid the skin effect. However, the drawback of LF-ECT is that the signal becomes weak at low frequencies. Furthermore, when the specimen is covered with protective materials, the signal becomes even weak, owing to the large lift-off. To overcome these drawbacks, we utilize a high-temperature superconducting (HTS) coil and a pulse-width modulation (PWM) inverter in the LF-ECT method. Using an HTS coil and a PWM inverter, strong currents are conducted, and the change in the coil resistance can be easily measured. The small impedance change of the HTS coil is detected by using a Maxwell bridge. The result demonstrates that a steel plate thickness of up to 20 mm can be estimated based upon the measurements of the change in the coil resistance, even when the lift-off is 98 mm.
Family Violence in Men’s Accounts: Implications for Action
Authors: Baydoun Azza Charara 
Published: December 2018

This article presents some of the results of a qualitative study that was conducted within the framework of the strategy implemented by some Lebanese women organizations; namely engaging men in their efforts to combat family gender-based violence. In order to gain a more comprehensive view of the dynamics of violence against women in their families (than that obtained solely from recounts of women victims /survivors of violence that was researched in numerous previous studies conducted in Lebanon), the researcher listened, in an in-depth interview, to eleven wife batterers describing their versions of why they were indicted before the Lebanese court, or why they were seeking psychological help, depending on their case. Qualitative discourse analysis of the recorded free speech and recounts of these men was performed in an attempt to understand their respective family dynamics as manifested by the psycho-social factors around which revolved their recounts; thus laying the ground for understanding the practical implications for the intervention of different stakeholders involved in combating gender-based violence, namely, the psycho-social agents for the rehabilitation of the perpetrators, the judiciary and the women organizations.
Fenomenologi : Caring Perawat Terhadap Klien Dengan Kondisi Kritis Di Instalasi Gawat Darurat – Rumah Sakit Dr. Saiful Anwar Malang
Authors: Jainurakhma Janes , Winarni Indah , Setyoadi Setyoadi 
Published: December 2018

Caring is an important part of nursing process that difficult to be apart. Emergency nursing is a profession that required health care providers with fast performance, accurate, and quality of complicated and holistic problems. A lot of patients with critical condition at emergency department, they ask a quality of nursing services and it is affected by the quality of a nurse caring. Without caring passion, a nurse vulnerable to act that violate ethical of nursing, no exception nursing profession at emergency installations of RSSA Malang. The purpose of this study is to explore the experience of nurse caring for clients with critical condition at emergency installations of RSSA Malang. This study used a qualitative approach, with interpretive phenomenological method. Purposive sampling is a method used in this study, the criteria of experience as nurse in the emergency installations of RSSA Malang at least 5 years, still working in the emergency installations of RSSA Malang, and willing as participant. Using semi-structure interviews technique, and analyzed by Miles and Huberman model approach. The results led to three themes, namely: the resque of critically ill patients, improve patient and family confidence, desire to do the best for crical patients. Based on the results of the study are expected to follow up with the theme of the next study of emergency nurses caring of the perpective of patient and families, and needs to be improved further for the training of emergency skill of nurses in the emergency department, so thet skills and knowledge of nurses in handling critical patients better.; Key words: caring, nursing experience, critical patient.
Estimation of Indonesia's Energy Demand to 2030 and Alternatives Scenario to Reduce Oil Dependence
Authors: Mardiana Dwi Atty , Kartoatmodjo RS. Trijana , Kasmungin Sugiatmo 
Published: December 2018

The impacts of high dependence on oil on the economy have encouraged many countries to start eliminating or sharply reducing their dependence on oil consumption. As an oil importer as well as oil and gas producer country, Indonesia seeks to do the same thing by eliminating fuel subsidies, shifting to gas, and developing renewable energy. The oil price affects the economic and energy policies and impacts the efforts of reducing oil dependence. Using an econometric model of Indonesia’s energy that is constructed based on its energy balance model, this paper will examine factors that influence the oil demand in Indonesia. It will estimate the country’s energy needs from 2017 to 2030 and simulate various alternative strategies to deal with oil dependencies, such as an increase in the refinery capacity, and a shift from oil to gas in the transportation sector. This paper suggests that shifting from oil to gas in the transportation sector will be able to reduce oil dependency, while the alternative of increasing refinery capacity to 3 million barrel per day will be an opportunity to support greater short-term energy security and economic returns.
Keywords: Economy, econometric, energy, oil dependence, sustainable energy security
Smoking cessation advice after cervical screening: a qualitative interview study of acceptability in Dutch primary care
Authors: Mansour Marthe BL , Crone Mathilde R , van Weert Henk C , Chavannes Niels H , van Asselt Kristel M 
Published: December 2018

BackgroundCervical cancer screening in general practice could be a routine and opportune moment to advise females who smoke to stop smoking.AimThe aims of this study were to investigate the attitudes of females who smoke to receiving advice about stopping smoking after cervical screening and to identify factors associated with the acceptability of this advice.Design and settingThis qualitative interview study was conducted with Dutch females who smoked, had undergone cervical screening, and were aged 30 to 60 years. Interviews were performed between December 2016 and September 2017.MethodIn this study 15 participants were interviewed and transcripts were analysed using thematic analysis.ResultsFemales who smoke were ambivalent (positive or sceptical) about being advised to stop smoking after they had undergone cervical screening. An explanation of why smoking behaviour is addressed by the practice assistant performing the smear, and making females feel at ease during the smear test, were found to be factors that might influence acceptability of such advice. Although a personal and non-judgemental approach to discussing smoking was considered essential, participants expressed different preferences regarding the form and content of cessation support. This was reflected by the variations in knowledge about smoking cessation support, previous experiences of cessation attempts, and received cessation advice or support.ConclusionStudy participants had mixed opinions about being given advice about smoking cessation after their cervical smear test and differed in their preferences for the type of support for smoking cessation. An interactive approach might improve how well a smoking cessation intervention is received by females who smoke and cater to their individual needs and preferences.
Effectiveness of the Epley manoeuvre in posterior canal benign paroxysmal positional vertigo: a randomised clinical trial in primary care
Authors: Ballvé Moreno José Luis , Carrillo Muñoz Ricard , Rando Matos Yolanda , Villar Balboa Iván , Cunillera Puértolas Oriol , Almeda Ortega Jesús , Rodero Perez Estrella , Monteverde Curto Xavier , Rubio Ripollès Carles , Moreno Farres Noemí , Arias Agudelo Olga Lucia , Martin Cantera Carlos , Azagra Ledesma Rafael 
Published: December 2018

BackgroundEvidence on the effectiveness of the Epley manoeuvre in primary care is scarce.AimTo evaluate effectiveness at 1 week, 1 month, and 1 year of a single Epley manoeuvre versus a sham manoeuvre in primary care.Design and settingMulticentre, double-blind randomised controlled trial in two primary care practices in Spain from November 2012 to January 2015.MethodPatients were ≥18 years diagnosed with subjective or objective posterior benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (vertigo only, or vertigo and nystagmus after a Dix–Hallpike test [DHT]). The intervention group received the Epley manoeuvre, and the control group received a sham manoeuvre. Betahistine was prescribed following the same regimen in both groups. The main outcome measures were the DHT result classified as negative (neither vertigo nor nystagmus) or positive. Positive results were further divided into a positive result for both vertigo and nystagmus (positive DHT with nystagmus), and a positive result for vertigo only (positive DHT without nystagmus); self-reported resolution of vertigo; and self-reported severity of vertigo evaluated on a 10-point Likert scale (10 = worst imaginable vertigo).ResultsIn total, 134 patients were randomised to either the intervention group (n = 66) or the sham group (n = 68). The intervention group showed better results in the unadjusted analyses at 1 week, with a lower rate of positive DHT with nystagmus (P = 0.022). A positive baseline DHT with nystagmus was associated with a reduction in vertigo severity (marginal effect for 10-point Likert-like question −1.73, 95% confidence interval [CI] = −2.95 to −0.51) and better positive DHT rates in the intervention group (adjusted odds ratio 0.09, 95% CI = 0.01 to 0.92) in the multivariate analyses.ConclusionA single Epley manoeuvre performed in primary care is an effective treatment for reversing a positive DHT and reducing vertigo severity in patients with baseline nystagmus in the DHT.
Shedding Light on the Isolation of Luminous Blue Variables
Authors: Aadland Erin , Massey Philip , Neugent Kathryn F. , Drout Maria R. 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
In the standard view of massive star evolution, luminous blue variables (LBVs) are transitional objects between the most massive O-type stars and Wolf–Rayet (WR) stars. With short lifetimes, these stars should all be found near one another. A recent study of LBVs in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) found instead that LBVs are considerably more isolated than either O-type stars or WRs, with a distribution intermediate between that of the WRs and red supergiants (RSGs). A similar study, using a more restricted sample of LBVs, reached the opposite conclusion. Both studies relied upon the distance to the nearest spectroscopically identified O-type star to define the degree of isolation. However, our knowledge of the spectroscopic content of the LMC is quite spotty. Here we re-examine the issue using carefully defined photometric criteria to select the highest-mass unevolved stars (“bright blue stars,” or BBSs), using spatially complete photometric catalogs of the LMC, M31, and M33. Our study finds that the LBVs are no more isolated than BBSs or WRs. This result holds no matter which sample of LBVs we employ. A statistical test shows that we can rule out the LBVs having the same distribution as the RSGs, which are about 2× more isolated. We demonstrate the robustness of our results using the second-closest neighbor. Furthermore, the majority of LBVs in the LMC are found in or near OB associations as are the BBS and WRs; the RSGs are not. We conclude that the spatial distribution of LBVs therefore is consistent with the standard picture of massive star evolution.
Identifying AGNs in Low-mass Galaxies via Long-term Optical Variability
Authors: Baldassare Vivienne F. , Geha Marla , Greene Jenny 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
We present an analysis of the nuclear variability of ∼28,000 nearby (z < 0.15) galaxies with Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) spectroscopy in Stripe 82. We construct light curves using difference imaging of SDSS g-band images, which allows us to detect subtle variations in the central light output. We select variable active galactic nuclei (AGNs) by assessing whether detected variability is well-described by a damped random walk model. We find 135 galaxies with AGN-like nuclear variability. While most of the variability-selected AGNs have narrow emission lines consistent with the presence of an AGN, a small fraction have narrow emission lines dominated by star formation. The star-forming systems with nuclear AGN-like variability tend to be low mass (M
* < 1010
M
⊙), and may be AGNs missed by other selection techniques due to star formation dilution or low metallicities. We explore the AGN fraction as a function of stellar mass, and find that the fraction of variable AGN increases with stellar mass, even after taking into account the fact that lower-mass systems are fainter. There are several possible explanations for an observed decline in the fraction of variable AGN with decreasing stellar mass, including a drop in the supermassive black hole occupation fraction, a decrease in the ratio of black hole mass to galaxy stellar mass, or a change in the variability properties of lower-mass AGNs. We demonstrate that optical photometric variability is a promising avenue for detecting AGNs in low-mass, star formation-dominated galaxies, which has implications for the upcoming Large Synoptic Survey Telescope.
Rotating Stars from Kepler Observed with Gaia DR2
Authors: Davenport James R. A. , Covey Kevin R. 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
We have matched the astrometric data from Gaia Data Release 2 to the sample of stars with measured rotation periods from Kepler. Using 30,305 stars with good distance estimates, we select 16,248 as being likely main-sequence single stars centered within a 0.5 mag region about a 1 Gyr isochrone, removing many subgiants and unresolved binary stars from the sample. The rotation period bimodality, originally discovered by McQuillan et al., is clearly recovered for stars out to 525 pc, but is not detectable at farther distances. We find the bimodality is clearly recovered for stars out to 525 pc, but is not detectable at farther distances. We find the bimodality is correlated with height above the Galacitc plane, with the ratio of rapidly rotating younger stars dropping strongly for stars above Z > 90 pc. We also find a significant width in the stellar main sequence of ΔM

G
∼ 0.25 mag, as well as a coherent gradient of increasing rotation periods orthogonal to the main sequence. We interpret this as a signature of stellar angular momentum loss over time, implying a corresponding diagonal age gradient across the main sequence. Stellar evolution models predict changes in color and luminosity that are consistent in amplitude, but not in direction, with those required to produce the gradient we have detected. This rotation gradient may indicate that main-sequence evolution produces offsets in color–magnitude space that are significantly more orthogonal to the zero-age main sequence than models currently predict, and may provide new tests for both stellar evolution and gyrochronology models.
The Effect of Spots on the Luminosity Spread of the Pleiades
Authors: Guo Zhen , Gully-Santiago Michael , Herczeg Gregory J. 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Cool spots on the surface of magnetically active stars modulate their observed brightnesses and temperatures, thereby affecting the stellar locus on the H-R diagram. Recent high-precision space-based photometric surveys reveal the rotational modulation from spots on stars in young clusters, including K2 monitoring of the 125 Myr old Pleiades cluster. However, light curves reveal only the asymmetries in the visible spot distributions rather than the total sizes of spots on stellar surfaces, which causes a discrepancy between the spot coverage measured by photometric and spectroscopic observations. In this paper, we simulate photometric variability introduced by randomly distributed starspots on a 125 Myr old coeval cluster. Our simulation results show that randomly distributed small spots on the stellar surface would explain the discrepancy that the photometric observations only reveal 10%–40% of the spot coverage measured by spectra. The colors and luminosities of photospheres are modeled for a range of photospheric temperature, spot coverage, and spot temperature. The colors and luminosities of a simulated population are then compared to the luminosity spread of Pleiades members, excluding the 25% of candidates that are identified as non-members with Gaia DR2 astrometry. The observed luminosities of Pleiades members have a standard deviation of 0.05 dex, which could be entirely explained by spots with a star-to-star standard deviation of spot coverage of 10%, but with an average coverage area that is not well constrained.
Compressed Magnetic Field in the Magnetically Regulated Global Collapsing Clump of G9.62+0.19
Authors: Liu Tie , Kim Kee-Tae , Liu Sheng-Yuan , Juvela Mika , Zhang Qizhou , Wu Yuefang , Li Pak Shing , Parsons Harriet , Soam Archana , Goldsmith Paul F. , Su Yu-Nung , Tatematsu Ken’ichi , Qin Sheng-Li , Garay Guido , Hirota Tomoya , Wouterloot Jan , Chen Huei-Ru , Evans II Neal J. , Graves Sarah , Kang Sung-ju , Li Di , Mardones Diego , Rawlings Mark G. , Ren Zhiyuan , Wang Ke 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
How stellar feedback from high-mass stars (e.g., H ii regions) influences the surrounding interstellar medium and regulates new star formation is still unclear. To address this question, we observed the G9.62+0.19 complex in 850 μm continuum with the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope/POL-2 polarimeter. An ordered magnetic field has been discovered in its youngest clump, the G9.62 clump. The magnetic field strength is determined to be ∼1 mG. Magnetic field plays a larger role than turbulence in supporting the clump. However, the G9.62 clump is still unstable against gravitational collapse even if thermal, turbulent, and magnetic field support are taken into account together. The magnetic field segments in the outskirts of the G9.62 clump seem to point toward the clump center, resembling a dragged-in morphology, indicating that the clump is likely undergoing magnetically regulated global collapse. However, the magnetic field in its central region is aligned with the shells of the photodissociation regions and is approximately parallel to the ionization (or shock) front, indicating that the magnetic field therein is likely compressed by the expanding H ii regions that formed in the same complex.
Galaxy and Quasar Fueling Caught in the Act from the Intragroup to the Interstellar Medium
Authors: Johnson Sean D. , Chen Hsiao-Wen , Straka Lorrie A. , Schaye Joop , Cantalupo Sebastiano , Wendt Martin , Muzahid Sowgat , Bouché Nicolas , Herenz Edmund Christian , Kollatschny Wolfram , Mulchaey John S. , Marino Raffaella A. , Maseda Michael V. , Wisotzki Lutz 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
We report the discovery of six spatially extended (10–100 kpc) line-emitting nebulae in the z ≈ 0.57 galaxy group hosting PKS 0405−123, one of the most luminous quasars at z < 1. The discovery is enabled by the Multi Unit Spectroscopic Explorer and provides tantalizing evidence connecting large-scale gas streams with nuclear activity on scales of <10 proper kpc (pkpc). One of the nebulae exhibits a narrow, filamentary morphology extending over 50 pkpc toward the quasar with narrow internal velocity dispersion (50

) and is not associated with any detected galaxies, consistent with a cool intragroup medium filament. Two of the nebulae are 10 pkpc north and south of the quasar with tidal-arm–like morphologies. These two nebulae, along with a continuum-emitting arm extending 60 pkpc from the quasar, are signatures of interactions that are expected to redistribute angular momentum in the host interstellar medium (ISM) to facilitate star formation and quasar fueling in the nucleus. The three remaining nebulae are among the largest and most luminous [O iii] emitting “blobs” known (1400–2400 pkpc2) and correspond both kinematically and morphologically to interacting galaxy pairs in the quasar host group, consistent with arising from stripped ISM rather than large-scale quasar outflows. The presence of these large- and small-scale nebulae in the vicinity of a luminous quasar bears significantly on the effect of large-scale environment on galaxy and black hole fueling, providing a natural explanation for the previously known correlation between quasar luminosity and cool circumgalactic medium.
Rap en France et racialisation
Authors: Hammou Karim , Simon Patrick 
Published: December 2018

Le rap, qui prend ses racines dans la culture des minorités raciales aux États-Unis, leur est spontanément associé. Sa diffusion en dehors des cercles culturels de ses origines et plus largement des États-Unis s’est accompagnée d’un élargissement du profil social et ethnique de son public et des artistes qui le pratiquent. Près de quarante ans plus tard, c’est un genre musical qui reste malgré tout marqué par sa racialisation originelle, reflet d’un état plus général des rapports sociaux et de la segmentation de l’industrie musicale aux États-Unis. Qu’en est-il dans le contexte français où les questions raciales sont traitées différemment et la spécialisation raciale des scènes musicales moins avancée ? Karim Hammou revient sur ses travaux, qui ont abordé la place de l’ethno-racial et de la classe dans le développement du rap en France.