bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Profil Berpikir Mahasiswa dalam Memecahkan Masalah Numerical Analysis Ditinjau dari Tipe Kepribadian
Authors: Susanti Vera Dewi , Maharani Swasti 
Published: March 2018

<p>Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan profil berpikir mahasiswa tipe <em>guardian, artisan, rational,</em> dan <em>idealist </em>dalam memecahkan masalah <em>numerical analysis.</em> Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Subjek penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa pendidikan matematika semester VII IKIP PGRI Madiun. Pemilihan subjek penelitian berdasarkan teknik pengambilan <em>stratified sampling </em>dan <em>purposive sampling.</em> Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mahasiswa dengan tipe kepribadian <em>Guardian</em>, hanya melakukan proses asimilasi dalam memahami masalah dan membuat rencana penyelesaian dan dalam menyelesaikan masalah dan memeriksa kembali jawaban sudah melakukan proses asimilasi dan abstraksi. Mahasiswa dengan tipe kepribadian <em>Artisan</em> dan <em>Rational</em> dalam prosedur Polya sudah melakukan proses asimilasi dan abstraksi. Mahasiswa dengan tipe kepribadian <em>Idealist</em> juga melakukan proses asimilasi dan abstraksi, tetapi pada prosedur memeriksa kembali jawaban, hanya melakukan asimilasi saja.</p><p> <strong>Key Words:</strong> Profil Berpikir, <em>Numerical Analysis</em>, dan Tipe Kepribadian</p><p> </p><p align="center"><strong> </strong></p>
Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Numbered Head Together (NHT) Ditinjau dari Aktivitas Belajar Siswa Kelas VIII SMP
Authors: Firdaus Muhamad 
Published: March 2018

<p>The purpose of this study was to find out the results belejar junior high school students after application of cooperative learning model NHT the terms of the learning activities. Forms of research is quasy Experiment with the design of a 1x3 factorial design. The population in this study were all students of class VIII SMP Negeri 1, while the sample is a class VIII-D randomly selected using random cluster sampling technique. Data collection tool used is a test instrument that consists of four essay and activity questionnaire consisting of 23 questions. Based on analysis test, one way ANOVA with different cells obtained by (1) the learning outcomes of students with high activity category as well as students with moderate activity category. (2) the learning outcomes of students with moderate activity category better with students with low activity category. (3) the learning outcomes of students with high activity category better with students with low activity category.</p><p> </p><p>Keywords: Cooperative learning NHT type, learning activities</p>
Efektivitas Penggunaan Media Grafis untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar IPA
Authors: Siburian Martua Ferry 
Published: March 2018

<p>Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui efektivitas penggunaan media grafis dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar IPA kelas VII SMP Negeri 209 Jakarta. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan kualitatif dengan teknik penelitian tindakan kelas, yaitu suatu tindakan yang dilakukan oleh guru untuk memperbaiki atau meningkatan kualitas pembelajaran di kelas. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa proses pembelajaran IPA dengan menerapkan media grafis dalam proses belajar sangat sesuai dengan hasil belajar siswa yang tinggi, situasi belajar semakin menyenangkan dan diminati siswa. Nilai awal pada prasiklus yaitu 39 dengan nilai terendah 20 dan nilai tertinggi 60, kemudian pada siklus I rata-rata nilai yang diperoleh siswa mengalami peningkatan yaitu 61 dengan nilai terendah 45 dan nilai tertinggi 85 dan bertambah meningkat pada siklus II dengan rata-rata nilai 69 dengan nilai terendah 45 dan nilai tertinggi 85, kemudian pada siklus III semakin meningkat secara signifikan dengan rata-rata nilai 84 dengan nilai terendah 75 dan nilai tertinggi 95. Hal ini menunjukkan kemajuan, dimana siswa telah mendapatkan hasil belajar yang meningkat dari prasiklus, siklus I sampai dengan siklus III.</p><p> <strong>Kata kunci</strong>: Efektivitas, Media Grafis, Hasil Belajar IPA.</p>
Pengaruh Kecerdasan Emosional dan Minat Belajar Terhadap Prestasi Belajar Matematika di SMAN Jakarta Selatan
Authors: Purnama Indah Mayang 
Published: March 2018

<p>Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh kecerdasan emosional dan minat belajar terhadap prestasi belajar matematika.Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu survei dengan pendekatan korelasional. Sampel berukuran 98 siswa yang dipilih secara random dari seluruh siswa SMAN di Kota Madya Jakarta Selatan. Analisis data dengan metode statistik deskriptif dan analisis jalur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) terdapat pengaruh langsung yang signifikan Kecerdasan Emosional terhadap Prestasi Belajar Matematika. (2) Terdapat pengaruh langsung yang signifikan Minat Belajar Matematika terhadap Prestasi Belajar Matematika. (3) Terdapat pengaruh langsung yang signifikan Kecerdasan Emosional terhadap Minat Belajar Matematika. (4) Terdapat Pengaruh tidak langsung yang signifikan Kecerdasan Emosional terhadap Prestasi Belajar Matematika melalui Minat Belajar Matematika. Upaya meningkatkan prestasi belajar matematika siswa dapat dilakukan dengan meningkatkan kecerdasan emosional siswa dan minat belajar matematika siswa. Kecerdasan emosional siswa dapat ditingkatkan melalui kesadaran diri terhadap lingkungan sosialnya sehingga kecerdasan emosional siswa meningkat dan minat belajar matematika siswa ikut meningkat. Selain kecerdasan emosional yang tinggi yang dapat meningkatkan minat belajar matematika siswa metode yang guru gunakan dalam mengajar juga dapat meningkatkan minat belajar matematika.</p><p> Kata Kunci: Kecerdasan Emosional, Minat Belajar, Prestasi Belajar Matematika</p>
Hasil Belajar Matematika Ditinjau dari Model Pembelajaran Teams Assisted Individualization (TAI)
Authors: Achdiyat Maman , Andriyani Fitriya 
Published: March 2018

<p>Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan model pembelajaran Teams Assisted Individualization (TAI) terhadap hasil belajar matematika siswa pada materi barisan dan deret tak hingga di kelas XI. Metode yang digunakan adalah eksperimen dengan menganalisis perbedaan hasil belajar matematika siswa pada materi barisan dan deret tak hingga antara kelas yang diajar menggunakan model pembelajaran Teams Assisted Individualization dengan kelas yang diajar menggunakan metode ekspositori. Dari data yang terkumpul diperoleh bahwa hasil belajar matematika siswa yang diajarkan dengan model pembelajaran TAI lebih tinggi dibandingkan hasil belajar siswa yang diajarkan dengan ekspositori Setelah hipotesis diuji t, maka diperoleh thitung = 4,48 dan ttabel = 1,684 pada taraf signifikan 0,05. Dengan demikian, maka thitung&gt; ttabel, sehingga hal ini membuktikan bahwa hasil belajar matematika siswa yang diajar dengan TAI lebih tinggi dibandingkan hasil belajar siswa yang diajar dengan ekspositori.</p><p>Kata kunci: Hasil Belajar Matematika, Model Pembelajaran Teams Assisted Individualization</p><p> </p>
Upaya Mengatasi Miskonsepsi Siswa pada Materi Sistem Saraf Melalui Penggunaan Peta Konsep
Authors: Juhji Juhji 
Published: March 2018

<p><em>The purpose of this research is to overcome student’s misconception towards nervous system material through concept map. This research applies action research as the method which consists of four steps in namely: </em><em>planning, action, observation, and reflection. The subject of this research is class B of the 9th-grade students of SMPN 2 Legok Kabupaten Tangerang. The total of students is 34 students. This action research was held in October 2012</em><em>. The results of research reveal that the application of concept map in nervous system learning material is able to overcome misconception problem of the students. </em><em>Cycle 1 reveals that the misconception reduced to as much as 36.5% and it increases in cycle 2 for as much as 40.6%.</em></p>
Pengaruh Kedisiplinan Siswa Terhadap Prestasi Belajar Matematika
Authors: Wirantasa Umar 
Published: March 2018

<p>This study aims to determine the effect of Discipline of Students Against Learning Achievement in Mathematics. The research was conducted in SMP Negeri 223 Jakarta at Jalan Gedong Village Surilang Pasar Rebo Sub-district on June 5, 2012. The method used is a survey method using questionnaire instrument 30 items statements consisting of positive and negative weights. The number of samples taken in this study is numbered 59 respondents from Inroads 235 students, who were taken using simple random sampling technique. Test data analysis requirements are normality test using chi-square test and linearity test using the F test (Fisher), and the results were the normal distribution of data while meeting the linearity test data is linear/significant. Hypothesis test used is a validity test by using product moment and reliability test data using Cronbach Alpha, so the results are utilizable/valid and reliable/feasible to use, valid data of 25 items and invalid data totaling 5. significant regression test that is stated Ho hypothesis is rejected and it can be concluded there is a significant relationship between the discipline of students towards mathematics achievement. From the research that has been done can be concluded that student discipline positive effect on mathematics achievement.</p><p> </p><p>Keywords: Student Discipline, Learning Achievement in Mathematics</p>
Pengaruh Penggunaan Fasilitas Belajar di Lingkungan Alam Sekitar Terhadap Keterampilan Proses Sains
Authors: Asih Dwi Aprilia Setia 
Published: March 2018

Fisika sering kali dianggap pelajaran yang paling sulit dikuasai oleh karena itu diperlukan model pembelajaran yang mampu membantu serta dapat memanfaatkan apa yang disediakan oleh alam yaitu dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran berbasis lingkungan (menggunakan fasilitas belajar di lingkungan alam sekitar dalam proses pembelajaran). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui adanya pengaruh penggunaan fasilitas belajar di lingkungan alam sekitar terhadap keterampilan proses sains. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimen semu dengan menggunakan dua kelompok yang akan diteliti yaitu kelompok pertama mendapatkan perlakuan (<em>treatment</em>) atau kelompok yang menggunakan fasilitas belajar di lingkungan alam sekitar disebut kelas eksperimen, sedangkan kelompok yang kedua merupakan kelompok pengendali atau kelompok kontrol dimana kelompok ini menggunakan fasilitas belajar yang biasa digunakan dalam proses pembelajaran. Penentuan sampel menggunakan teknik <em>cluster random sampling</em>, instrument yang digunakan adalah lembar observasi. Pengambilan data menggunakan metode observasi. Analisis dalam penelitian ini menggunakan uji <em>paired t-test </em>(uji perbedaan dua rata-rata). Berdasarkan analisis data diperoleh hasil uji perbedaan dua rata-rata data t<sub>daf </sub>(? = 5%) = 1,67 dan<sub> </sub>t<sub>daf </sub>(? = 1%) = 2,39 sedangkan t<sub>hit</sub> = 6,04. Sehingga t<sub>hit</sub> &gt; t<sub>daf </sub> yang berarti bahwa rata-rata keterampilan proses sains kelas eksperimen lebih besar dari rata-rata keterampilan proses sains kelas kontrol. Dengan kata lain, penggunaan fasilitas belajar di lingkungan alam sekitar memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap keterampilan proses sains. Keberhasilan peningkatan keterampilan proses sains disebabkan karena dampak dari penggunaan fasilitas belajar di lingkungan alam sekitar.
Characterization of A356 aluminum matrix composite affected by SiC particle size and extrusion parameters
Authors: Rahmanifard Roohollah , Akhlaghi Farshad 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
The effects of extrusion parameters on the microstructural characteristics and the tensile properties of Al-10 vol.% SiC composites containing three different particle sizes of 38, 62, 82 μm were investigated. The results showed that the tensile properties of the composites were improved with the increase of extrusion ratio only up to 12 : 1 for the extrusion temperatures of 450 and 500 °C, but continued to improve at extrusion temperature of 550 °C due to the considerable reduction in porosity and appropriate alignment of reinforcing phase. Furthermore, the increased extrusion temperature resulted in improvement of elongation and tensile strength at the expense of yield strength. It was found that the extrusion treatment under the conditions of larger sized particles, lower temperature and higher ratio provided more pronounced breakage of SiC particles which could be beneficial if the broken pieces of SiC were totally embedded in the matrix.
Improving palliative care provision in primary care: a pre- and post-survey evaluation among PaTz groups
Authors: van der Plas Annicka GM , Pasman H Roeline W , Schweitzer Bart , Onwuteaka-Philipsen Bregje D 
Published: March 2018

BackgroundIn PaTz (PAlliatieve Thuis Zorg, palliative care at home), modelled after the Gold Standards Framework, GPs and community nurses meet on a regular basis to identify patients with palliative care needs (the PaTz register), and to discuss care for these patients.AimTo study the effects of the implementation of PaTz, and provide additional analyses on two important elements: the PaTz register and patient discussions.Design and settingA pre- and post-evaluation among Dutch GPs (n = 195 before the start of PaTz; n = 166, 1 year after the start of PaTz). The GPs also provided data on recently deceased patients (n = 460 before the start of PaTz; n = 305 14 months after the start of PaTz).MethodGPs from all 37 PaTz groups filled in questionnaires. Pre- and post-test differences were analysed using multilevel analyses to adjust for PaTz group.ResultsIdentification of patients with palliative care needs was done systematically for more patients after implementation of PaTz compared with before (54.3% versus 17.6%). After implementation, 64.8% of deceased patients had been included on the PaTz register. For these patients, when compared with patients not included on the PaTz register, preferred place of death was more likely to be known (88.1% of patients not on the register and 97.3% of deceased patients included on the register), GPs were more likely to have considered a possible death sooner (>1 month before death: 53.0% and 80.2%), and conversations on life expectancy, physical complaints, existential issues, and possibilities of care occurred more often (60.8% and 81.3%; 68.6% and 86.1%; 22.5% and 34.2%; 60.8% and 84.0%, respectively).ConclusionsImplementation of PaTz improved systematic identification of palliative care patients within the GP practice. Use of the PaTz register has added value.
Memory Follicular Helper Invariant NKT Cells Recognize Lipid Antigens on Memory B Cells and Elicit Antibody Recall Responses
Authors: Chen Zuolong , Zhu Shasha , Wang Lu , Xie Di , Zhang Huimin , Li Xiang , Zheng Xihua , Du Zhiwei , Li Jie , Bai Li 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
Invariant NKT (iNKT) cells have been shown to help B cells in a cognate or noncognate manner; however, whether cognate iNKT cell help induces B cell memory responses remains controversial, and the underlying mechanisms are still unclear. In this study, we demonstrated that, in the absence of follicular helper T cells, cognate iNKT cell help could promote B cell memory responses in mice that were dependent on the formation of memory follicular helper iNKT (iNKTFH) cells and their interactions with memory B cells in recall responses. Generation of memory iNKTFH cells required lipid Ag presentation by dendritic cells but not by B cells. Upon rechallenge, memory iNKTFH cells recognized lipid Ags presented by memory B cells, which recalled iNKTFH effector cells and elicited B cell memory responses. However, LPS, which promoted the synthesis of self-lipids, failed to elicit recall responses in the absence of exogenous lipid Ags.
Deregulated Mucosal Immune Surveillance through Gut-Associated Regulatory T Cells and PD-1+ T Cells in Human Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Fujimoto Hanae , Saito Yoriko , Ohuchida Kenoki , Kawakami Eiryo , Fujiki Saera , Watanabe Takashi , Ono Rintaro , Kaneko Akiko , Takagi Shinsuke , Najima Yuho , Hijikata Atsushi , Cui Lin , Ueki Takashi , Oda Yoshinao , Hori Shohei , Ohara Osamu , Nakamura Masafumi , Saito Takashi , Ishikawa Fumihiko 
Published: March 2018

AbstractDisturbed balance between immune surveillance and tolerance may lead to poor clinical outcomes in some malignancies. In paired analyses of adenocarcinoma and normal mucosa from 142 patients, we found a significant increase of the CD4/CD8 ratio and accumulation of regulatory T cells (Tregs) within the adenocarcinoma. The increased frequency of Tregs correlated with the local infiltration and extension of the tumor. There was concurrent maturation arrest, upregulation of programmed death-1 expression, and functional impairment in CD8+ T cells (CTLs) isolated from the adenocarcinoma. Adenocarcinoma-associated Tregs directly inhibit the function of normal human CTLs in vitro. With histopathological analysis, Foxp3+ Tregs were preferentially located in stroma. Concurrent transcriptome analysis of epithelial cells, stromal cells, and T cell subsets obtained from carcinomatous and normal intestinal samples from patients revealed a distinct gene expression signature in colorectal adenocarcinoma–associated Tregs, with overexpression of CCR1, CCR8, and TNFRSF9, whereas their ligands CCL4 and TNFSF9 were found upregulated in cancerous epithelium. Overexpression of WNT2 and CADM1, associated with carcinogenesis and metastasis, in cancer-associated stromal cells suggests that both cancer cells and stromal cells play important roles in the development and progression of colorectal cancer through the formation of a tumor microenvironment. The identification of CTL anergy by Tregs and the unique gene expression signature of human Tregs and stromal cells in colorectal cancer patients may facilitate the development of new therapeutics against malignancies.
Evaluation of different atlas selection strategies for multi-atlas segmentation of low-dose computed tomographic images of whole-body positron emission tomography/computed tomography
Authors: Wang Hongkai , Zhang Nan , Huo Li , Zhang Bin 
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACT

Background and Objectives:
The increasing clinical use of torso positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) demands automated segmentation of torso organs from PET/CT images. We attempt to use the multi-atlas segmentation approach for trunk organ segmentation from the low-dose CT images of PET/CT. Since atlas selection is a prerequisite step for multi-atlas segmentation, this study focuses on evaluating the performance of different atlas selection strategies for torso organ segmentation.

Methods:
We evaluated two criteria for atlas selection, including image similarity and body mass index (BMI) difference between the atlas and the target image. Based on the two criteria, ten atlases are selected and registered to the target image, followed by the label fusion step to achieve final segmentation.

Results:
The BMI criterion yields comparable segmentation accuracy to the image similarity criterion but with much less computation time. All the evaluated atlas selection methods have Dice >0.9 for the lungs, heart, and liver and Dice < 0.85 for the skeleton, spleen, and kidneys. The inter-method differences are not significant for the high-contrast and big-sized organs such as skeleton, lungs, heart, and liver. For the low-contrast and smaller-sized organs such as spleen and kidneys, none of the atlas selection methods significantly outperforms random atlas selection.

Conclusions:
BMI is an effective and efficient atlas selection criterion for low-dose torso CT images. The spleen and kidneys are difficult to get good segmentation, no matter which atlas selection method is used. It is important to develop more effective atlas selection methods for the spleen and kidneys.
Immunohistochemical expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α in stromal cells of vaginal tissue in post-menopausal women with pelvic organ prolapse
Authors: Jakus Ivana Alujević , Jakus Dora , Aračić Nađa , Stipić Ivica , Vilović Katarina 
Published: March 2018

Background & objectives:
Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is a common medical condition that affects adult women of different ages. The support of a normal pelvic floor is the result of complex interactions between ligaments, muscles, connective tissue and vaginal walls. Hypoxia and oxidative stress can reduce protein synthesis in the pelvic muscles that may contribute to muscular atrophy. Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) is a transcriptional activator which, expressed in response to hypoxia, activates a number of genes involved in cellular response to hypoxia. However, a potential role of hypoxia and oxidative stress in pathogenesis of POP is not known. This study was aimed to compare the level of HIF-1α immunohistochemical expression in the vaginal stromal cells of postmenopausal women with and without POP.

Methods:
Samples of the vaginal tissue from 120 menopausal women were obtained during surgery, and immunohistochemical expression of HIF-1α was assessed. There were 60 women with POP while 60 women in the control group were without prolapse but with benign gynaecological diseases.

Results:
In post-menopausal women with prolapse, significant differences were observed in the number of HIF-1α-positive stromal cells in the vaginal tissue compared to the control group. There was a significant increase in the number of HIF-1α in the stromal cells of the vaginal tissue in women with prolapse.

Interpretation & conclusions:
Difference in expression of HIF-1α in stromal cells of the vaginal tissue in the post-menopausal women with and without POP suggests that prolonged hypoxia probably has an important role in the aetiopathogenesis of POP.
Effect of bone bank processing on bone mineral density, histomorphometry & biomechanical strength of retrieved femoral head
Authors: Lakhwani O.P. , Jindal M. , Kaur Omkar , Chandoke R.K. , Kapoor S.K. 
Published: March 2018

Background & objectives:
Standard processing of the bone grafts involves deep-freezing and sterilization with gamma irradiation which may alter mechanical properties of the bone graft. This study was aimed at measuring the effect of bone bank processing on the mechanical properties of bone allograft and its correlation with bone mineral density [BMD, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA Scan)] and histomorphometric indices.

Methods:
Femoral heads retrieved from patients undergoing hip replacement surgeries were used as the material. Twenty femoral heads were under taken in the study. Each femoral head was cut into two equal cubes. One cube was subjected to BMD measurement using DEXA Scan followed by unilateral compression test. Histomorphometric indices such as trabecular number (Tb. N.), trabecular separation (Tb. S.), trabecular thickness (Tb. T.) and bone volume (B.V.) were calculated on the same specimen by a computer software. The other cube was kept in deep freezer (−76°C) for a minimum of three weeks, followed by gamma irradiation and subjected to similar tests.

Results:
Results were compared in pre- and post-processed bone specimens. A significant loss of biomechanical strength (P<0.001) with mean a loss of 18.90 per cent was found in post-processed samples in uniaxial compression tests. Similarly, BMD (mean decrease by 13.8%, P<0.01) and histomorphometric indices such as Tb. T. (mean decrease by 12.37%, P<0.01), Tb. S. (mean increase by 12.60%, P<0.001) and B.V. (mean decrease by 20.84%, P<0.01) were found. However, Tb. N. was not significantly affected.

Interpretation & conclusions:
The current method of processing of bone allografts i.e. deep-freezing and gamma irradiation appeared to cause a significant reduction in the biomechanical strength of allogenic bone which was more suitable to be use in the morselized form. Appropriate consideration for decreased strength needs to be given when using allogenic bone graft as a structural graft.