IL-18 e sua importância na patogenia das doenças crônico-inflamatórias
Authors: Oliveira Tânia L. , Figueredo Carlos Marcelo 
Published: January 2019

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</style> <![endif]--> <p class="MsoNormal">O objetivo deste trabalho foi fazer uma revisão da literatura sobre a IL-18, sua expressão dentro das diversas doenças inflamatórias e seu papel na atividade e desenvolvimento da Doença Periodontal. A inflamação crônica é uma condição patológica que se caracteriza por um processo inflamatório de longa duração e destruição tecidual. Independendo de sua etiologia, se o agente causador da inflamação não for removido, a resposta inflamatória perdura, evoluindo para um quadro crônico. Na doença inflamatória crônica, as células predominantes são mononucleares, tais como: linfócitos, plasmócitos e macrófagos, que coexistem com elementos envolvidos na reparação, tais como fibroblastos, vasos neoformados e brotamentos axonais. A IL-18 é uma citoquina originalmente reconhecida como fator de indução para o Interferon-γ,<em> </em>mediante a ativação de células T, e está sempre presente nas inflamações crônicas. Na periodontite, foram detectados níveis elevados de IL-18 no fluido gengival, indicando a participação dessa citoquina no processo inflamatório periodontal. Sendo assim, podemos concluir que a IL-18 pode tanto atuar sobre Th1, induzindo uma resposta inflamatória aberrante, quanto em Th2, induzindo respostas alérgicas, ou atuar fisiologicamente nos processos reparativos ósseos, ativando macrófagos via GM-CSF.</p>