bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prognostic utility of albumin‐bilirubin grade for short‐ and long‐term outcomes following hepatic resection for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: A multi‐institutional analysis of 706 patients
Authors: Tsilimigras Diamantis I. , Hyer J. Madison , Moris Dimitrios , Sahara Kota , Bagante Fabio , Guglielmi Alfredo , Aldrighetti Luca , Alexandrescu Sorin , Marques Hugo P. , Shen Feng , Koerkamp B. Groot , Endo Itaru , Pawlik Timothy M. ,   other members of the International Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma Study Group
Published: April 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe objective of the current study was to define the impact of albumin‐bilirubin (ALBI) grade on short‐ as well as long‐term outcomes among patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC).MethodsPatients who underwent hepatectomy for ICC between 1990 and 2016 were identified using an international multi‐institutional database. Clinicopathologic factors including ALBI score were assessed using bivariate and multivariable analyses, as well as standard survival analyses.ResultsAmong 706 patients, 453 (64.2%) patients had ALBI grade 1, 231 (32.7%) ALBI grade 2, and 22 (3.1%) had ALBI grade 3. After adjusting for all competing factors, patients with ALBI grade 2/3 had higher odds of a prolonged length‐of‐stay (>10 days, odds ratio [OR] = 2.37, 95% confidence interval [CI]:1.47‐3.80), perioperative transfusion (OR = 2.15, 95% CI:1.45‐3.18) and 90‐day mortality (OR = 2.50, 95% CI:1.16‐5.38). Median and 5‐year overall survival (OS) for the entire cohort was 41.5 months (IQR:15.7‐107.8) and 39.8%, respectively. Of note, median OS incrementally worsened with increased ALBI grade: grade 1, 49.6 months (IQR:18.3‐NR) vs grade 2, 29.6 months (IQR:12.6‐98.4) vs grade 3, 16.9 months (IQR:6.5‐32.4; P < 0.001). On multivariable analysis, higher ALBI grade remained associated with higher hazards of death (grade 2/3: hazard ratio = 1.36, 95% CI:1.04‐1.78).ConclusionThe ALBI score was associated with both short‐ and long‐term outcomes following resection for ICC and could prove a useful surrogate marker to identify patients at risk for adverse outcomes.
Single‐incision sural nerve harvest: Technical considerations for cross‐facial nerve grafting
Authors: Azizzadeh Babak , Irvine Leslie E. , Yoo Donald B. , Larian Babak , Massry Guy G. , Peng Grace Lee 
Published: April 2019

b.a. is the senior author and performed all of the procedures described, and conceptualized and edited the article. l.e.i. was responsible for data collection and analysis, editing the manuscript, and compiling the figures. d.b.y. performed the first single‐incision nerve harvest with b.a. and is responsible for b.a. adopting the practice. b.l. is b.a.’s partner and assisted with the majority of surgeries and proofread the manuscript. g.g.m. was cosurgeon on many of the described cases and is partly responsible for conceptualizing the article. g.l.p. was responsible for data collection and writing of the original manuscript and compiling the illustrations.Laryngoscope, 129:2464–2466, 2019
Transcriptome‐wide changes in testes reveal molecular differences in photoperiod‐induced seasonal reproductive life‐history states in migratory songbirds
Authors: Sharma Aakansha , Das Subhajit , Kumar Vinod 
Published: April 2019

AbstractWe investigated the molecular basis of seasonal testicular states in black‐headed buntings (Emberiza melanocephala), in which seasonal migrations limit reproduction to a narrow time‐window during the year. We examined testicular gene expressions in buntings during short day‐induced photosensitive nonreproductive state (SDSE), and during long day‐induced early (LDES) and late (LDLS) gonadal maturation and regressed photorefractory (LDRF) seasonal states. Using Kallisto, we pseudoaligned the RNA‐Seq transcripts and calculated the transcript abundance. We found 1,799 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the four photoperiod‐induced seasonal states. Further pairwise comparison with SDSE revealed 1,187, 1,224, and 1,238 DEGs in LDES, LDLS, and LDRF, respectively; 852 genes were common to three comparisons. We then identified genetic pathways putatively involved in seasonal testicular cycle. DEGs that enriched calcium ion binding were highly expressed in testicular maturation states. Similarly, DEGs that enriched glycolytic pathway were highly expressed in LDES and LDRF states. More specifically, quantitative polymerase chain reaction showed significant differences between the photoperiod‐induced states in testicular expression of genes (HOOK1, RGS2, PRDX4, BCL6, CYFIP2, PDCD4, P2RX4, and GABRA1) involved in gametogenesis and associated pathways. Overall, these results show significant transcriptional differences, and provide insights into the molecular basis of seasonal changes in the reproductive life‐history states in a photoperiodic species.
Moderate‐intensity aerobic exercise improves physical fitness in bethlem myopathy
Authors: Vissing Christoffer Rasmus , Hedermann Gitte , Vissing John 
Published: April 2019

ABSTRACTIntroductionBethlem myopathy is caused by dysfunctional collagen VI assembly, leading to varying degrees of hyperlaxity, contractures and muscle weakness. Previous studies demonstrate that cardiovascular training is safe and beneficial in patients with myopathies. However, exercise exacerbates the dystrophic phenotype in collagen VI‐knockout mice.MethodsSix men with Bethlem myopathy were included (4 training; 2 controls). After training, 2 patients detrained. Patients performed 10 weeks of home‐based, moderate‐intensity exercise monitored by a pulse‐watch. The primary outcome was change in peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak). Secondary outcomes were performances in functional tests.ResultsVO2peak improved in the training group (16%, P = 0.017). Detraining led to regression of VO2peak toward baseline values (‐8%; P = 0.03). No change was seen in the control group (‐7%; P = 0.47). Performance in functional tests did not change significantly. Creatine kinase values were stable during the study.ConclusionsModerate‐intensity exercise seems to safely improve oxidative function in patients with Bethlem myopathy. Muscle Nerve 60: 183–188, 2019
A Panel of Three Biomarkers Identified by iTRAQ for the Early Diagnosis of Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Wu Xing , Zhang Zi‐Xiang , Chen Xing‐Yu , Xu Ya‐Ling , Yin Ni , Yang Jian , Zhu Dong‐Ming , Li De‐Chun , Zhou Jian 
Published: April 2019

PurposeDue to a lack of early diagnostic markers, pancreatic cancer (PC) remains a lethal disease. Proteomic approaches are now being applied to identify novel PC biomarkers.Experimental designIn this study, iTRAQ and LC‐MS/MS are used to perform comparative analyses of serum from PC patients and healthy controls (HC), to identify specific serum biomarkers for PC. Serum levels of candidate proteins are determined using ELISA.ResultsAmong 869 proteins identified, 55 are potential biomarkers; Vitamin K‐dependent protein Z (PROZ) and tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 6b (TNFRSF6B) are selected for further analysis. Serum levels of PROZ and TNFRSF6B are significantly higher in PC patients than in HC or pancreatic benign controls (BC) (p < 0.01). The AUCs range from 0.816 to 0.971 for PROZ, TNFRSF6B, and carbohydrate antigen 19‐9, either individually or in combination, in PC versus HC+BC, and from 0.711 to 0.932 in PC Stage I versus HC+BC.Conclusions and clinical relevanceIt is demonstrated that PROZ and TNFRSF6B are novel serum biomarkers for detecting early stage PC, and for distinguishing PC from pancreatic benign tumor and healthy individuals. Additional large cohort studies are needed to develop PROZ and TNFRSF6B as clinical PC biomarkers.
The influence of the presence of intraductal carcinoma of the prostate on the grade group system's prognostic performance
Authors: Kato Masashi , Hirakawa Akihiro , Kobayashi Yumiko , Yamamoto Akiyuki , Ishida Ryo , Sano Tomoyasu , Kimura Tohru , Majima Tsuyoshi , Ishida Shohei , Funahashi Yasuhito , Sassa Naoto , Fujita Takashi , Matsukawa Yoshihisa , Yamamoto Tokunori , Hattori Ryohei , Gotoh Momokazu , Tsuzuki Toyonori 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBackgroundAlthough the presence of intraductal carcinoma of the prostate (IDC‐P) influences biochemical failure in radical prostatectomy patients, no data are available regarding the impact of its integration into the classification grade group system. Thus, the aim of this study was to enhance the utility of the grade group system by integrating the presence of IDC‐P.MethodsThis study was a retrospective evaluation of 1019 patients with prostate cancer who underwent radical prostatectomy between 2005 and 2013 without neoadjuvant or adjuvant therapy. The data on age, prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) level at diagnosis, pathological T stage (pT), presence of Gleason pattern 5 (GP5), presence of IDC‐P, and surgical margin status were analyzed to predict PSA recurrence after prostatectomy.ResultsThe median patient age was 67 (range, 45‐80) years and the median initial PSA level was 6.8 (range, 0.4‐82) ng/mL. The median follow‐up period was 82 (range, 0.7‐148) months. IDC‐P was detected in 157 patients (15.4%). Among these patients, the increase in the positive rate of IDC‐P correlated with tumor upgrading. The grade groups (GGs) were as follows: GG1 without IDC‐P, 16.0% (n = 163); GG2 without IDC‐P, 46.1% (n = 470); GG3 without IDC‐P, 15.7% (n = 160); GG4 without IDC‐P, 2.6% (n = 27); GG5 without IDC‐P, 4.1% (n = 42); any GG with IDC‐P, 15.4% [n = 157; GG 2 (n = 29); GG3 (n = 60); GG4 (n = 13); GG5 (n = 55)]. Any grade Group with IDC‐P showed significantly worse prognosis than any other group without IDC‐P (P < 0.0001). In a multivariate analysis, integration of the IDC‐P into the Grade Groups, the PSA level at diagnosis, and the surgical margin status were significant prognostic predictors (P < 0.0001, < 0.0001 and < 0.0001, respectively).ConclusionsIntegrating the presence of IDC‐P into the grade group system will result in more accurate predictions of patient outcome.
The b‐ZIP transcription factor FgTfmI is required for the fungicide phenamacril tolerance and pathogenecity in Fusarium graminearum
Authors: Liu Na , Wu Siqi , Dawood Dawood H , Tang Guangfei , Zhang Chengqi , Liang Jingting , Chen Yun , Ma Zhonghua 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDFusarium head blight (FHB) is a devastating disease of cereal crops worldwide mainly caused by Fusarium graminearum. Due to the unavailability of FHB‐resistant wheat cultivars, chemical fungicide application is currently the most effective approach for controlling FHB now. In the last few years, a novel cyanoacrylate fungicide, phenamacril, has been widely used in China for FHB disease management. In previous studies, we identified that myosin I (FgMyo1) is the target of phenamacril and is essential for mycotoxin deoxynivalenol (DON) biosynthesis and fungal growth. However, the regulation of FgMYO1 gene expression is still largely unknown.RESULTSIn this study, we identified a b‐ZIP transcription factor, FgTfmI, which regulates the mRNA expression of FgMYO1 upon phenamacril treatment. The FgTfmI directly binds to the promoter region of FgMYO1, and is required for the upregulation of FgMYO1 in response to phenamacril treatment. The deletion mutant of FgTFMI (ΔFgTfmI) displayed a slight growth defect, while it showed hypersensitivity to phenamacril, but not to other tested fungicides. FgTfmI also contributed to DON biosynthesis and the infection process in planta.CONCLUSIONSThe transcription factor FgTfmI plays an important role in regulating transcription of the genes involved in phenamacril tolerance, DON biosynthesis and virulence in F. graminearum. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Multithreaded parallelization of the energy and analytic gradient in the fragment molecular orbital method
Authors: Mironov Vladimir , Alexeev Yuri , Fedorov Dmitri G. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe fragment molecular orbital method in GAMESS is parallelized in a multithreaded OpenMP implementation combined with the MPI version of the two‐level generalized distributed data interface. The energy and analytic gradient in gas phase and the polarizable continuum model of solvation are parallelized in this hybrid three‐level scheme, achieving a large memory footprint reduction and a high parallel efficiency on Intel Xeon Phi processors. The parallel efficiency is demonstrated on the Stampede2 and Theta supercomputers using up to 2048 nodes (262 144 threads).
Matrix projective cluster synchronization for arbitrarily coupled networks with different dimensional nodes via nonlinear control
Authors: Zhang Lili , Wang Yinhe , Wang Qingyun , Lei Youfa , Wang Fang 
Published: April 2019

SummaryRecently, many control mechanisms have been put forward to realize the cluster synchronization of networks. However, these results are derived by making very conservative assumptions on the network's nodes and its outer coupling configuration matrix, which greatly limit these results' potential applications. This paper focuses on weakening these restrictive assumptions as much as possible and further proposes nonlinear controllers for our general networks to achieve matrix projective cluster synchronization (MPCS). One outstanding characteristic of our introduced network model is that the state dimensions of the nodes in different clusters are different, which extends the case that the network is composed of identical dimensional nodes. Another distinctive characteristic is that no other restrictions are imposed on our network's outer coupling matrix except for being bounded, namely, both the outer coupling matrix and its block matrices may be time varying and nonzero‐row‐sum. Besides, the exponential MPCS (EMPCS) and asymptotic MPCS (AMPCS) are defined to make a better description of the cluster synchronization phenomena in this paper. It is worth noted that these two definitions extend the existing ones about cluster synchronization. Furthermore, by means of rigorous theoretical analysis, some nonlinear control strategies are proposed for our network to realize EMPCS or AMPCS. At last, a proper numerical example along with two control patterns is presented to demonstrate the validity and effectivity of our results in this paper.
Prediction of the terminations and Miller planes of the tetragonal zirconia thin films as a gate dielectric layer in integrated‐circuit industry
Authors: Zhang Yan , Chen Hua‐Xin , Duan Li , Ni Lei , Fan Ji‐Bin , Wang Zhuo , Ji Vincent 
Published: April 2019

In this paper, we investigate the structures and insulating characters of the tetragonal zirconia (t‐ZrO2) thin films with various possible terminations within the lower‐index Miller planes (001) and (100). It is found that, firstly, a shift towards higher energy region makes the valence band of the OO‐terminated thin films of the (001) Miller plane of t‐ZrO2 cross the Fermi level EF and thus are unusable as a gate dielectric oxide in integrated‐circuit (IC) industry because of large‐leakage current. Secondly, a new splitting state presented just below the bottom of conduction band, and the Fermi level EF drops between them, which imply that the Zr‐terminated thin films of the (001) Miller plane of t‐ZrO2 are also unusable as a gate dielectric oxide in IC industry because of large leakage current. Thirdly, the insulating character disappears completely for Zr + OO‐terminated thin films of the (001) Miller plane of t‐ZrO2 and thus is also unusable as a gate dielectric oxide in IC industry because of metal character. Fourthly, the insulating character is maintained for the ZrO2‐terminated thin films of the (100) Miller plane and thus is usable as a gate dielectric oxide in IC industry.
Efficient Enantioselective Syntheses of Chiral Natural Products Facilitated by Ligand Design
Authors: Yang He , Tang Wenjun 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe employment of enantioselective transition‐metal‐catalyzed transformations as key steps in asymmetric natural product syntheses have attracted considerable attention in recent years owing to their versatile synthetic utilities, mild conditions and high efficiency in chirality generation. The chiral catalysts or supporting ligands are believed to be crucial for the requisite reactivity and enantioselectivity. Therefore, the rational design of chiral ligands is at the heart of developing new asymmetric transition‐metal catalyzed reactions and provides an avenue to the asymmetric synthesis of natural products. Our group has been engaged in the development of transition‐metal‐catalyzed enantioselective cross‐coupling, cyclization and other related reactions and the application of these methodologies to natural product syntheses. In this account, we summarized our recent synthetic efforts towards the efficient total syntheses of several different types of natural products including terpenes, alkaloids and polyketides facilitated by the design of a series of versatile P‐chiral phosphorous ligands.
The multivariate mixture dynamics model: shifted dynamics and correlation skew
Authors: Brigo Damiano , Pisani Camilla , Rapisarda Francesco 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe multi variate mixture dynamics model is a tractable, dynamical, arbitrage-free multivariate model characterized by transparency on the dependence structure, since closed form formulae for terminal correlations, average correlations and copula function are available. It also allows for complete decorrelation between assets and instantaneous variances. Each single asset is modelled according to a lognormal mixture dynamics model, and this univariate version is widely used in the industry due to its flexibility and accuracy. The same property holds for the multivariate process of all assets, whose density is a mixture of multivariate basic densities. This allows for consistency of single asset and index/portfolio smile. In this paper, we generalize the MVMD model by introducing shifted dynamics and we propose a definition of implied correlation under this model. We investigate whether the model is able to consistently reproduce the implied volatility of FX cross rates once the single components are calibrated to univariate shifted lognormal mixture dynamics models. We consider in particular the case of the Chinese Renminbi FX rate, showing that the shifted MVMD model correctly recovers the CNY/EUR smile given the EUR/USD smile and the USD/CNY smile, thus highlighting that the model can also work as an arbitrage free volatility smile extrapolation tool for cross currencies that may not be liquid or fully observable. We compare the performance of the shifted MVMD model in terms of implied correlation with those of the shifted simply correlated mixture dynamics model where the dynamics of the single assets are connected naively by introducing correlation among their Brownian motions. Finally, we introduce a model with uncertain volatilities and correlation. The Markovian projection of this model is a generalization of the shifted MVMD model.
Dialectical Behaviour Therapy for Emotion Regulation Difficulties: A Systematic Review
Authors: Harvey Lauren J. , Hunt Caroline , White Fiona A. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractWhile dialectical behaviour therapy (DBT) appears efficacious in reducing suicidal and self-harming behaviour, it is unclear whether DBT reduces emotion regulation (ER) difficulties, a purported mechanism of change of treatment. This review aims to investigate and evaluate the current evidence to understand the effectiveness of DBT in improving ER difficulties. A qualitative synthesis of studies investigating the effectiveness of DBT on self-reported ER difficulties as measured by the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS) was performed, identifying eligible studies using PsycINFO, PubMed, MEDLINE and EMBASE databases. Fourteen studies were identified. Current evidence indicates that DBT does not show consistent benefits relative to existing psychological treatments in improving ER difficulties. The literature is compromised by significant methodological limitations increasing risk of bias across study outcomes. Furthermore, high variability across DBT programs and a lack of investigation regarding adherence and participant engagement within interventions was observed. Further research is needed in order to conclude regarding the effectiveness of DBT in improving ER difficulties. Consistent use of active treatment conditions, greater standardisation of DBT-based interventions, in addition to further examination of participant engagement level in DBT-based interventions in the long term may assist understanding as to whether DBT improves ER difficulties.
Formation of pedestalled, relict lakes on the McMurdo Ice Shelf, Antarctica
Authors: MACDONALD GRANT J. , BANWELL ALISON F. , WILLIS IAN C. , MAYER DAVID P. , GOODSELL BECKY , MacAYEAL DOUGLAS R. 
Published: April 2019

ABSTRACTSurface debris covers much of the western portion of the McMurdo Ice Shelf and has a strong influence on the local surface albedo and energy balance. Differential ablation between debris-covered and debris-free areas creates an unusual heterogeneous surface of topographically low, high-ablation, and topographically raised (‘pedestalled’), low-ablation areas. Analysis of Landsat and MODIS satellite imagery from 1999 to 2018, alongside field observations from the 2016/2017 austral summer, shows that pedestalled relict lakes (‘pedestals’) form when an active surface meltwater lake that develops in the summer, freezes-over in winter, resulting in the lake-bottom debris being masked by a high-albedo, superimposed, ice surface. If this ice surface fails to melt during a subsequent melt season, it experiences reduced surface ablation relative to the surrounding debris-covered areas of the ice shelf. We propose that this differential ablation, and resultant hydrostatic and flexural readjustments of the ice shelf, causes the former supraglacial lake surface to become increasingly pedestalled above the lower topography of the surrounding ice shelf. Consequently, meltwater streams cannot flow onto these pedestalled features, and instead divert around them. We suggest that the development of pedestals has a significant influence on the surface-energy balance, hydrology and flexure of the ice shelf.
Differences in the sexual aposymbiotic phase of the reproductive cycles of Parmelina carporrhizans and P. quercina. Possible implications for their reproductive biology
Authors: ALORS D. , CENDÓN-FLÓREZ Y. , DIVAKAR P. K. , CRESPO A. , GONZÁLEZ.BENÍTEZ N. , MOLINA M. C. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractOur knowledge of ontogenetic development and reproductive biology in lichen-forming fungi is rather poor. Here, we aim to advance our understanding of the reproductive biology of Parmelina carporrhizans and P. quercina for which mycobiont fungi of both species were cultured in aposymbiotic conditions from ascospores. For P. carporrhizans 48 hours were necessary for 98·6% of apothecia to eject spores, while for P. quercina 100% of apothecia ejected spores in the first 24 hours. In P. quercina, large apothecia ejected more spores than smaller ones. In both species the percentage of spores germinating seemed independent of apothecium size. The percentage germination was higher in P. carporrhizans (72·4%) than in P. quercina (14·3%). Moreover, P. carporrhizans was grown more successfully on culture media than P. quercina. These results suggest that these species have different reproductive strategies, given that P. carporrhizans expels larger spores and in greater numbers than P. quercina as well as having different nutritional requirements (since P. carporrhizans grew successfully in the selected media but P. quercina did not). These characteristics may explain the sympatric speciation of these species.