bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
AR-GE ETKİNLİĞİNİN BELİRLEYİCİLERİ ÜZERİNE BİR TOBİT MODEL UYGULAMASI
Authors: BOZKURT Eda , TOPÇUOĞLU Özlem 
Published: August 2019

Kaynakların
kıtlığı, ülkelerin istikrarlı büyümeyi yakalamalarında yeniliğe adapte
olmalarını zorunlu kılmaktadır. Yeniliğin kaynağı ise araştırma geliştirme
faaliyetleridir. Bu çalışmanın amacı
araştırma geliştirmenin etkinliğinin belirleyicilerini ortaya koymaktır.
Araştırmada 16 OECD ülkesine ait 1996-2014 dönemi verileri kullanılmıştır. İlk
olarak araştırma geliştirmenin etkinlik değerleri Veri Zarflama Analizi Yöntemi
ile hesaplanmıştır. Daha sonra araştırma geliştirmenin etkinliğinin
belirleyicisi olduğu düşülen Toplam Faktör Verimliliği elde edilmiştir. Toplam
Faktör Verimliliği hesaplamalarında Malmquist Endeks Yöntemine başvurulmuştur.
Araştırmanın son aşamasında araştırma geliştirmenin etkinlik değerlerinin
bağımlı değişken olarak kullanıldığı Tobit Model tahmin edilmiştir. Bağımsız
değişken olarak hesaplanan toplam faktör verimliliği, enerji tüketimi ve
doğrudan yabancı yatırım verileri kullanılmıştır. Tobit model tahmin sonuçlarına göre toplam
faktör verimliliği ve enerji tüketimi değişkenlerinin araştırma geliştirmenin
etkinliği üzerinde doğru yönlü; buna karşılık doğrudan yabancı yatırımların ise
ters yönlü etkiye sahip olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
O Cálculo Diferencial e Integral na Universidade de Brasília: estratégia metodológica em estudo
Authors: Rodrigues Luciana Avila , Neves Regina Silva Pina 
Published: August 2019

As dificuldades de aprendizagem, os índices de reprovação e a evasão na disciplina de Cálculo Diferencial e Integral (CDI), no Brasil ou no exterior, têm se constituído, cada vez mais, em objeto de investigação em Educação Matemática. Assim, ampliam-se os estudos em busca de compreensão e de metodologias de enfrentamento para este cenário. Nesse sentido, o presente estudo tem como objetivo compreender os procedimentos de resolução de problemas de otimização por estudantes de CDI, observando as possibilidades de construí-los por meio de conceitos e procedimentos do Ensino Médio e CDI. Participaram do estudo 56 estudantes, ingressantes no primeiro e no segundo semestre de 2018, do curso de Matemática, da Universidade de Brasília. Os resultados mostram que os estudantes, em sua maioria, apresentaram dificuldades conceituais em tópicos curriculares do Ensino Médio, entre eles, equações algébricas e funções; alguns perceberam o quanto os conceitos e procedimentos de Ensino Médio podem auxiliar na compreensão de conceitos de CDI. Ademais, os achados da pesquisa explicitam a importância do estudo para a compreensão da conceituação em Matemática dos estudantes ingressantes do curso de modo a possibilitar a reconstrução de alternativas metodológicas para a disciplina de CDI.
Entre redes, teias e fios: pensando e ensinando Matemática nos Anos Iniciais
Authors: Oliveira Vanessa de , Paulo Rosa Monteiro , Firme Ingrid Cordeiro 
Published: August 2019

Vivemos em uma sociedade na qual o desenvolvimento humano, tecnológico e intelectual acontece de forma rápida exigindo mudanças e transformações inevitáveis. Mas, será que em todos os âmbitos existe essa reflexão sobre as novas demandas? No contexto escolar, em especial no ensino de matemática, ainda percebemos práticas e formas de tratar o conteúdo que fazem com que o aluno seja passivo, dependente integralmente do professor para desenvolver as tarefas que lhes são propostas. Nosso objetivo, neste texto, é discutir algumas necessidades atuais para o ensino de matemática evidenciando o que é feito e delineando possibilidades a partir das leituras sobre Insubordinação Criativa. Para isso, nos voltamos para o discurso e as atividades desenvolvidas com professores do 4º e 5º ano do Ensino Fundamental, participantes de um curso de extensão oferecido em uma parceria entre a Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) e a Secretaria Municipal de Educação de Guaratinguetá. Percebemos, no decorrer do trabalho com os professores, que eles reconhecem a importância de (re)pensar suas ações para atuar em sala de aula de um modo que considere as características de seus alunos e o conhecimento matemático.
A autenticidade da palavra da criança como indício de insubordinação criativa
Authors: Corrêa Solange Aparecida Aparecida 
Published: August 2019

O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar situações escolares do cotidiano atribuindo relevância sobre o trabalho em grupo e a mediação do professor a partir de narrativas das crianças. São atividades que estão relacionadas com a matemática e ilustração de texto. A faixa etária das crianças é de 7/8anos e as aulas analisadas aconteceram numa classe de 30 alunos do 2°ano do Ensino Fundamental em uma escola privada da cidade de Campinas. A importância das interações sociais no grupo pode suscitar indícios de insubordinação criativa quando alguns alunos se posicionam a favor de seus interesses e do grupo. Essas interações tem sentido quando o professor legitima o que a criança fala sobre si, sobre o outro, sobre a escola apoiando-a a realizar uma leitura de mundo construída coletivamente. Nessa perspectiva se caracteriza a pesquisa (auto)biográfica com crianças. A postura do professor quando coloca o aluno no centro do processo educacional, desafiando-o a resolver problemas e a criar propostas para a solução, também evidencia indicativos de insubordinação criativa do professor. Para a análise desses argumentos, consideram-se como inferências teóricas que o ser humano transforma o meio para atender as suas necessidades básicas e transforma-se a si mesmo. As conclusões evidenciam que existem ações factíveis de insubordinação criativa.
Urban brown rats (Rattus norvegicus) as possible source of multidrug-resistant Enterobacteriaceae and meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus spp., Vienna, Austria, 2016 and 2017
Authors: Desvars-Larrive Amélie , Ruppitsch Werner , Lepuschitz Sarah , Szostak Michael P , Spergser Joachim , Feßler Andrea T , Schwarz Stefan , Monecke Stefan , Ehricht Ralf , Walzer Chris , Loncaric Igor 
Published: August 2019

Background
Brown rats (Rattus norvegicus) are an important wildlife species in cities, where they live in close proximity to humans. However, few studies have investigated their role as reservoir of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria.

Aim
We intended to determine whether urban rats at two highly frequented sites in Vienna, Austria, carry extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae, fluoroquinolone-resistant Enterobacteriaceae and meticillin-resistant (MR) Staphylococcus spp. (MRS).

Methods
We surveyed the presence of antimicrobial resistance in 62 urban brown rats captured in 2016 and 2017 in Vienna, Austria. Intestinal and nasopharyngeal samples were cultured on selective media. We characterised the isolates and their antimicrobial properties using microbiological and genetic methods including disk diffusion, microarray analysis, sequencing, and detection and characterisation of plasmids.

Results
Eight multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli and two extensively drug-resistant New Delhi metallo-β-lactamases-1 (NDM-1)-producing Enterobacter xiangfangensis ST114 (En. cloacae complex) were isolated from nine of 62 rats. Nine Enterobacteriaceae isolates harboured the bla
CTX-M gene and one carried a plasmid-encoded ampC gene (bla
CMY-2). Forty-four MRS were isolated from 37 rats; they belonged to seven different staphylococcal species: S. fleurettii, S. sciuri, S. aureus, S. pseudintermedius, S. epidermidis, S. haemolyticus (all mecA-positive) and mecC-positive S. xylosus.

Conclusion
Our findings suggest that brown rats in cities are a potential source of multidrug-resistant bacteria, including carbapenem-resistant En. xiangfangensis ST114. Considering the increasing worldwide urbanisation, rodent control remains an important priority for health in modern cities.
EFFECT OF TROGLITAZONE ON MORPHOLOGICAL CHANGES AND PPAR-γ GENE EXPRESSION IN 3T3-L1 ADIPOCYTE CELLS
Authors: Sulfianti Asri , Triwulansari Mayriska , Nuralih . , Churiyah . 
Published: August 2019

Efek Troglitazone terhadap Perubahan Morfologi dan Ekspresi Gen PPAR- γ di Dalam Sel Adiposa 3T3-L1 ABSTRACT3T3-L1 cells are extensively used as a model to study adipogenesis. However, one major concern is the prolonged period of time it takes the cells to differentiate into adipocytes form. To induce this differentiation, the adipogenic induction media is required. In this study, troglitazone, a hypoglycemic agent was added to adipogenic induction media and observed in order to determine the morphological changes and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ) gene expression in 3T3-L1 differentiation. It is generally known that PPAR-ꝩ plays an important role as a transcription factor in adipocyte differentiation. Based on Oil Red O Staining, adipogenic induction with or without troglitazone changed the 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes into mature round fat cells characterized by red droplet lipids. This cell also had a high absorbance level and degree of droplet accumulation of P≤ 0.05 in each group. In addition, cells treated by troglitazone had the highest PPAR-ꝩ mRNA level (1.9 fold) than those treated by adipogenic induction media without troglitazone or cells un-treated at all. Keywords: 3T3-L1, adipocyte, differentiation, PPAR-ꝩ, troglitazone ABSTRAKSel 3T3-L1 adalah jenis sel yang banyak digunakan dalam studi adipogenesis. Namun, salah satu kelemahan sel tersebut adalah lamanya waktu yang dibutuhkan bagi sel pre-adiposa untuk berdiferensiasi menjadi sel adiposa. Selain itu, dibutuhkan pula media induksi khusus untuk mengubah sel menjadi sel adiposa. Pada penelitian ini, kami mengobservasi fungsi troglitazone, sebagai antidiabetes terhadap perubahan morfologi dan ekspresi gen peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ). Telah diketahui bahwa PPAR-ꝩ berperan penting sebagai factor transkripsi dalam diferensasi sel adiposa. Berdasarkan pewarnaan ORO, induksi sel pre-adiposa 3T3-L1 dengan media induksi dengan dan tanpa troglitazone merubah sel preadiposa menjadi sel berbentuk bulat yang dikarakterisasi dengan akumulasi droplet lemak. Nilai absorbansi sel adiposa juga menandakan adanya perbedaan yang signifikan antara kelompok sel yang diberi troglitazone dan tidak, dan sel tanpa diberi media induksi. Sementara, pada kelompok sel yang diberi troglitazone memiliki ekspresi mRNA PPAR-ꝩ (1,9 kali) tertinggi jika dibandingkan dengan sel yang diberi media induksi tanpa troglitazone, dan tanpa media induksi sama sekali.Kata Kunci: 3T3-L1, adiposa, diferensiasi, PPAR-ꝩ, troglitazone
Apports de la generation automatique de textes en langue naturelle a la recherche d'information
Authors: Balicco Laurence , Ben-Ali Salaheddine , Ponton Claude , Pouchot Stéphanie 
Published: August 2019

L’expérience acquise dans notre équipe en recherche d’information et en génération automatique de textes (production de textes par un système informatique à partir d’un contenu formel) nous a montré que la relation de l’utilisateur avec le système de recherche d’information n’était pas naturelle, l’utilisateur devant généralement s’adapter au système. Pour simplifier cette interaction personne-système, nous avons étudié les apports d’un système de génération automatique à un système de recherche d’information. Le processus de recherche d’information se compose de trois phases :• formulation de la requête par l’utilisateur,• traitement de la requête par le système,• affichage des résultats.En quoi et comment un système de génération automatique rend-il l’utilisation d’un système de recherche d’information plus efficace et facilite-t-il son appréhension ? Ceci fait l’objet de cette publication. Quand la formulation de la requête est inadéquate, on peut en générer automatiquement différentes reformulations en fonction des caractéristiques du système de recherche d’information. Il est également possible d’engendrer une explication sur la méthode employée et le type de données traitées par le système afin que l’utilisateur puisse comprendre le processus de recherche et adapter sa requête. Si une trop grande quantité d’informations est délivrée, il est nécessaire de structurer, d’organiser la présentation des résultats voire, selon l’application, de produire un résumé des réponses. Le générateur intervient donc au niveau de l’interface personne-machine et communique avec le système et l’utilisateur. Nos travaux sur la structuration et la mise en forme des textes produits, sur la génération de textes explicatifs et la reformulation de requêtes ont servi de point de départ à ce travail dont l’objectif final est la mise en oeuvre d’une application réelle.
Kinetika Fotodegradasi Limbah Industri Pulp dan Kertas dengan proses foto-fenton
Authors: Saifuddin Saifuddin 
Published: August 2019

Lignin merupakan komponen air buangan dari proses pemutihan industri pulp dankertas. Pembuatan pulp dan kertas dengan menggunakan proses Kraft akan menghasilkanlimbah dengan komponennya lignin yang terikat dalam bentuk lignosulfonat, yangmenyebabkan kualitas air limbah industri pulp dan kertas berwarna gelap dan sulitterdegradasi. Proses foto-fenton merupakan kombinasi reaksi reagent fenton dan sinarultra violet akan menghasilkan radikal hidroksi (OH*) yang dapat mengoksidasi senyawaorganic menjadi senyawa yang sederhana. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahuipengaruh lamanya radiasi ultra violet terhadap reagent fenton atau yang dikenal sebagaiproses foto fenton untuk menurunkan konsentrasi warna dan COD pada air buanganindustri pulp dan kertas. Tujuan akhir yang ingin dicapai adalah untuk mengetahuiparameter kinetika degradasi warna dan COD dalam limbah industri pulp dan kertas.Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diperoleh efisiensi penyisihan warna setelah fotodegradasiadalah 56,19% dengan H2O2/FeCl3 adalah 1:1, Sedangkan untuk efisien penyisihan CODsetelah fotodegradasi sebesar 84,9% dengan H2O2/FeCl3 adalah 3.1. Parameter kinetikadihitung dengan metode aljabar trial and error. Dari hasil tersebut diperoleh penyisihanwarna cenderung mengikuti “Pseudo second order” dengan konstanta kecepatan reaksireaksi 8x10-4 mg/l.menit-1 sedangkan penyisihan COD cenderung mengikuti “Pseeudo firstorder” dengan konstanta kecepatan reaksi sebesar 37,4x10-3 menit –1. Kata kunci :fotodegradasi, foto fenton, lignin sulfonat, parameter kinetika dan COD
KOMBINASI TERAPI WARNA HIJAU, AROMATERAPI LAVENDER, DAN MUSIK UNTUK MENURUNKAN NYERI DAN KECEMASAN PERSALINAN
Authors: Andriyani Ari , Virahaju Mahindria Vici 
Published: August 2019

Background: The ideal application of holistic midwifery care is by paying attention to the psycho-neuro-endocrino-immuno aspect.Midwives are expected to be able to facilitate mothers to get a natural, safe, comfortable, calm and pain free maternity experience. Combination of green color, lavender aromatherapy and music have not been utilized as many as other non-pharmacological therapies to reduce maternal pain and anxiety.
Objective: To determine the effectiveness of the combination of green color, lavender aromatherapy and music to reduce maternal pain and anxiety.
Methods: A quasy-experimental study with pre-test and post-test control group design was applied. Sixty mothers giving birth were divided intocontrol and experimental group., The combination of green color therapy, lavender aromatherapy and therapeutic music were delivered to experimental group whilst control group got normal standard care. Pain and anxiety were measured before and after treatment and then analized by using statistical methods.
Results: there was a significant difference between the level of pain in the treatment group and the control group (p = 0,0009) but there was no significant difference in the level of anxiety (p = 0,313).
Conclusion:The combination of therapiesare more effective in reducing pain in maternity as compared to conventional method.
Keywords: Green Color Therapy, labor pain, lavender aromatherapy, maternal anxiety, music therapy.
English Teachers’ Decision in Utilizing Textbook in Their Classroom
Authors: Mallipa Imelda , Murianty Riana 
Published: August 2019

This study was conducted at SMAN 1 Manokwari, West Papua. The data were collected through classroom observation and interview with two qualified English teachers in the school. The results showed that the English textbooks provided were the main learning source in teaching reading comprehension. The teachers contextually modified the sequence of the tasks and lessons from the textbooks before assigning them to the students in teaching speaking, listening and grammar. Some factors that were considered by the teachers in selecting materials were the availability of learning materials in school, students’ needs, and students’ level of English competence, school facilities and the national exam. The results of these study consider practical implications to give teachers, practioners, other reserachers and author of textbooks in developing teaching materials to be used in different context of classroom.
Keywords: the 2013 curriculum, decision making, textbook use
PENGARUH LATIHAN DAN PEMULIHAN TERHADAP PENINGKATAN VO2 MAX
Authors: Dinata Marta 
Published: August 2019

<p>Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan antara metode latihan dan pemulihan terhadap peningkatan VO2 Max. Lokasi penelitian ini di Kota Bandar Lampung. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik random sampling.Teknik analisis data menggunakan ANAVA 2 arah dan dilanjutkan dengan uji Tukey. Hasil penelitian adalah: (1) Secara keseluruhan metode latihan denyut nadi tinggi lebih baik dari pada latihan denyut nadi rendah, (2) Pemain yang memakai metode pemulihan aktif metode latihan denyut nadi tinggi lebih baik dari latihan denyut nadi rendah, (3) Bagi pemain yang memakai metode pemulihan pasif latihan denyut nadi rendah lebih baik dari latihan denyut nadi tinggi, (4) Terdapat interaksi antara metode latihan dan metode pemulihan .</p>
ANALISIS PENGGUNAAN INTERNET TERHADAP MORAL KNOWING TENTANG NARKOTIKA PADA SISWA MENENGAH PERTAMA
Authors: Chastanti Ika , Munthe Indra Kumalasari 
Published: August 2019

Perkembangan internet membuat internet dapat diakses dimana saja dan semua kalangan usia. Pengguna internet tertinggi adalah kalangan siswa berdasarkan hasil penelitian. Siswa menggunakan internet dengan berbagai alasan seperti untuk mengakses media social, belajar, game online, hiburan, dan online shop. Internet saat ini memegang peranan penting dan strategis dalam menyampaikan bahaya penyalahgunaan narkotika kepada masyarakat, khususnya generasi muda yang rentan terhadap penyalahgunaan narkoba<strong>. </strong>Pendidikan karakter merupakan salah satu cara yang dapat digunakan untuk memberikan perubahan yang besar dalam dunia pendidikan Penelitian ini deskriptif kualitatif dengan melakukan In-depth interview dan kuesioner kepada siswa dan guru. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa alasan penggunaan internet yang dilakukan siswa adalah untuk mengakses media social (54%), dan moral knowing siswa tentang narkotika tergolong rendah karena siswa belum memahami tentang narkotika dan guru tidak berperan aktif untuk membantu siswa dalam memahami narkotika dengan menggunakan fasilitas internet.
PENINGKATAN KETERAMPILAN MENGARANG MELALUI MEDIA GAMBAR PADA SISWA SD NEGERI 01 SEMANGET
Authors: Sumarlin Jungai 
Published: August 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan keterampilan mengarang Bahasa Indonesia siswa kelas VI SD Negeri 01 Semanget yang berjumlah sebanyak 38 siswa/i. Bentuk penelitian adalah penelitian tindakan kelas yang dilaksanakan sebanyak 2 (dua) siklus. Instrumen yang digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data adalah soal tes dan lembar pengamatan aktivitas. Berdasarkan pelaksanaan dan hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwasanya media gambar dalam kegiatan pembelajaran sangat membantu siswa dalam memahami materi pelajaranserta dapat meningkatkan keterampilan mengarang siswa.
PENATAAN KAMPUNG NELAYAN DENGAN PENDEKATAN ARSITEKTUR EKOLOGI DI KELURAHAN BAGAN DELI KOTA MEDAN
Authors: Fachrudin Hilma Tamiami , Rahmadani Fadila 
Published: August 2019

Abstract: Indonesia is a maritime country that has abundant marine natural resources, with optimal and wise utilization, it will be a promising source of income for both the local community as well as the local area. Therefore, the infrastructure and maritime-related arrangements along the coast and the port are things that must be considered and developed. Gabion Port is one of the ports with the largest marine products in the province of North Sumatra, especially in the city of Medan. This port is located near Bagan Deli village which has not yet been optimally arranged and it has economic problems and serious environmental hygiene problems, so that with the application of the concept of ecological architecture can answer the existing problems through its principles. Some applications of ecological concepts in this arrangement can be seen from material aspects, energy aspects, building orientation, and utility aspects. The method used is the glass box method, by looking at elements that need to be applied to support the socio-economic activities of the local community. The results of this paper are in the form of the concept of structuring fishing villages which can be a solution to slum environmental problems and helps improve the economic level of local communities.Keyword: fishing village, ecological architecture, bagan deli Abstrak: Indonesia merupakan negara maritim yang memiliki sumber daya alam kelautan yang berlimpah, dengan pemanfaatan secara optimal dan bijak akan menjadi sumber pendapatan yang menjanjikan baik bagi masyarakat sekitar maupun daerah setempat. Untuk itu infrastruktur dan penataan terkait kelautan sepanjang pantai dan pelabuhan merupakan hal yang harus diperhatikan dan dikembangkan. Pelabuhan Gabion merupakan salah satu pelabuhan dengan hasil laut terbesar di kawasan provinsi Sumatera Utara khususnya kota Medan. Pelabuhan ini berada di dekat kelurahan bagan deli yangmana belum tertata secara optimal, serta memiliki masalah perkeonomian dan juga memiliki permasalahan kebersihan lingkungan yang cukup serius, sehingga dengan penerapan konsep arsitektur ekologi dapat menjawab permasalahan yang ada melalui prinsip-prinsipnya. Beberapa penerapan konsep ekologi pada penataan ini dapat dilihat dari aspek material, aspek energy, orientasi bangunan, dan aspek utilitas. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode glass box,dengan melihat elemen elemen yang perlu diterapkan untuk mendukung aktivitas social ekonomi masyarakat setempat. Hasil penelitian ini berupa konsep penataan kampung nelayan yang dapat menjadi pemecahan masalah lingkungan kumuh serta membantu meningkatkan taraf perekonomian masyarakat setempat.Kata Kunci: Kampung Nelayan, Arsitektur Ekologi, Bagan Deli