bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quantitative Anatomic Analysis of the Medial Ulnar Collateral Ligament Complex of the Elbow
Authors: Camp Christopher L. , Jahandar Hamidreza , Sinatro Alec M. , Imhauser Carl W. , Altchek David W. , Dines Joshua S. 
Published: March 2018

Background: A more detailed assessment of the anatomy of the entire medial ulnar collateral ligament complex (MUCLC) is desired as the rate of medial elbow reconstruction surgery continues to rise. Purpose: To quantify the anatomy of the MUCLC, including the anterior bundle (AB), posterior bundle (PB), and transverse ligament (TL). Study Design: Descriptive laboratory study. Methods: Ten unpaired, fresh-frozen cadaveric elbows underwent 3-dimensional (3D) digitization and computed tomography with 3D reconstruction. Ligament footprint areas and geometries, distances to key bony landmarks, and isometry were determined. A surgeon digitized the visual center of each footprint, and this location was compared with the geometric centroid calculated from the outline of the digitized footprint. Results: The mean surface area of the AB was 324.2 mm2, with an origin footprint of 32.3 mm2 and an elongated insertional footprint of 187.6 mm2 (length, 29.7 mm). The mean area of the PB was 116.6 mm2 (origin, 25.9 mm2; insertion, 15.8 mm2), and the mean surface area of the TL was 134.5 mm2 (origin, 21.2 mm2; insertion, 16.7 mm2). The geometric centroids of all footprints could be predicted within 0.8 to 1.3 mm, with the exception of the AB insertion centroid, which was 7.6 mm distal to the perceived center at the apex of the sublime tubercle. While the PB remained relatively isometric from 0° to 90° of flexion ( P = .606), the AB lengthened by 2.2 mm ( P < .001). Conclusion: Contrary to several historical reports, the insertional footprint of the AB was larger, elongated, and tapered. The TL demonstrated a previously unrecognized expansive soft tissue insertion directly onto the AB, and additional analysis of the biomechanical contribution of this structure is needed. Clinical Relevance: These findings may serve as a foundation for future study of the MUCLC and help refine current surgical reconstruction techniques.
谈甲骨文中旧释作地名的“曾”字
Authors: 韩宇娇  
Published: March 2018

摘要 “曾”在甲骨文中常作地名，学者多引用屯南卜辞 815、1098 和花园庄东地甲骨卜辞 294 中的“曾”来说明商 代曾国的方位，本文结合辞例与传世文献中的用法分析认为这些卜辞中的“曾”并非作为地名或国名使用，而 是一种副词用法，表示顺承关系，与传世文献中“则”的一种用法类似，因此不能据之来说明商代曾国的地理 位置。
B-cell tumor development in Tet2-deficient mice
Authors: Mouly Enguerran , Ghamlouch Hussein , Della-Valle Veronique , Scourzic Laurianne , Quivoron Cyril , Roos-Weil Damien , Pawlikowska Patrycja , Saada Véronique , Diop M’Boyba K. , Lopez Cécile K. , Fontenay Michaela , Dessen Philippe , Touw Ivo P. , Mercher Thomas , Aoufouchi Said , Bernard Olivier A. 
Published: March 2018

Key Points
Tet2 is a tumor suppressor in B cells. Loss of Tet2 in B cells leads to age-dependent transformation that requires AID.
Rap1, Canoe and Mbt cooperate with Bazooka to promote zonula adherens assembly in the fly photoreceptor
Authors: Walther Rhian F. , Burki Mubarik , Pinal Noelia , Rogerson Clare , Pichaud Franck 
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACT
In Drosophila epithelial cells, apical exclusion of Bazooka (the Drosophila Par3 protein) defines the position of the zonula adherens (ZA), which demarcates the apical and lateral membrane and allows cells to assemble into sheets. Here, we show that the small GTPase Rap1, its effector Canoe (Cno) and the Cdc42 effector kinase Mushroom bodies tiny (Mbt), converge in regulating epithelial morphogenesis by coupling stabilization of the adherens junction (AJ) protein E-Cadherin and Bazooka retention at the ZA. Furthermore, our results show that the localization of Rap1, Cno and Mbt at the ZA is interdependent, indicating that their functions during ZA morphogenesis are interlinked. In this context, we find the Rap1-GEF Dizzy is enriched at the ZA and our results suggest that it promotes Rap1 activity during ZA morphogenesis. Altogether, we propose the Dizzy, Rap1 and Cno pathway and Mbt converge in regulating the interface between Bazooka and AJ material to promote ZA morphogenesis.
Puf3 participates in ribosomal biogenesis in malaria parasites
Authors: Liang Xiaoying , Hart Kevin J. , Dong Gang , Siddiqui Faiza A. , Sebastian Aswathy , Li Xiaolian , Albert Istvan , Miao Jun , Lindner Scott E. , Cui Liwang 
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACT
In this study, we characterized the Puf family gene member Puf3 in the malaria parasites Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium yoelii. Secondary structure prediction suggested that the RNA-binding domains of the Puf3 proteins consisted of 11 pumilio repeats that were similar to those in the human Puf-A (also known as PUM3) and Saccharomyces cerevisiae Puf6 proteins, which are involved in ribosome biogenesis. Neither P. falciparum (Pf)Puf3 nor P. yoelii (Py)Puf3 could be genetically disrupted, suggesting they may be essential for the intraerythrocytic developmental cycle. Cellular fractionation of PfPuf3 in the asexual stages revealed preferential partitioning to the nuclear fraction, consistent with nuclear localization of PfPuf3::GFP and PyPuf3::GFP as detected by immunofluorescence. Furthermore, PfPuf3 colocalized with the nucleolar marker PfNop1, demonstrating that PfPuf3 is a nucleolar protein in the asexual stages. We found, however, that PyPuf3 changed its localization from being nucleolar to being present in cytosolic puncta in the mosquito and liver stages, which may reflect alternative functions in these stages. Affinity purification of molecules that associated with a PTP-tagged variant of PfPuf3 revealed 31 proteins associated with the 60S ribosome, and an enrichment of 28S rRNA and internal transcribed spacer 2 sequences. Taken together, these results suggest an essential function for PfPuf3 in ribosomal biogenesis.
Tuning orb spider glycoprotein glue performance to habitat humidity
Authors: Opell Brent D. , Jain Dharamdeep , Dhinojwala Ali , Blackledge Todd A. 
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACT
Orb-weaving spiders use adhesive threads to delay the escape of insects from their webs until the spiders can locate and subdue the insects. These viscous threads are spun as paired flagelliform axial fibers coated by a cylinder of solution derived from the aggregate glands. As low molecular mass compounds (LMMCs) in the aggregate solution attract atmospheric moisture, the enlarging cylinder becomes unstable and divides into droplets. Within each droplet an adhesive glycoprotein core condenses. The plasticity and axial line extensibility of the glycoproteins are maintained by hygroscopic LMMCs. These compounds cause droplet volume to track changes in humidity and glycoprotein viscosity to vary approximately 1000-fold over the course of a day. Natural selection has tuned the performance of glycoprotein cores to the humidity of a species' foraging environment by altering the composition of its LMMCs. Thus, species from low-humidity habits have more hygroscopic threads than those from humid forests. However, at their respective foraging humidities, these species' glycoproteins have remarkably similar viscosities, ensuring optimal droplet adhesion by balancing glycoprotein adhesion and cohesion. Optimal viscosity is also essential for integrating the adhesion force of multiple droplets. As force is transferred to a thread's support line, extending droplets draw it into a parabolic configuration, implementing a suspension bridge mechanism that sums the adhesive force generated over the thread span. Thus, viscous capture threads extend an orb spider's phenotype as a highly integrated complex of large proteins and small molecules that function as a self-assembling, highly tuned, environmentally responsive, adhesive biomaterial. Understanding the synergistic role of chemistry and design in spider adhesives, particularly the ability to stick in wet conditions, provides insight in designing synthetic adhesives for biomedical applications.
O DIREITO ELEITORAL FRENTE AOS TRATADOS INTERNACIONAIS: O SOLIPSISMO DA JURISPRUDÊNCIA NACIONAL E O ATIVISMO PRO PERSONA NO CASO MEXICANO
Authors: Ferreira Marcelo Ramos Peregrino , Mezzaroba Orides 
Published: March 2018

A existência de ordens jurídicas sobrepostas, compondo um sistema complexo, obriga as jurisdições nacionais a um diálogo. Tanto o Brasil quanto o México possuem cláusula de recepção dos tratados internacionais que permitem a incidência normativa dos acordos em solo nacional. Esse diálogo se expressa na jurisprudência dos países signatários dos tratados internacionais de direitos humanos sobre temas comuns, como o direito eleitoral. O recorte do diálogo situa-se sobre o direito eleitoral, tendo-se a intenção de demonstrar a ampla recepção do México e a timidez no Brasil por meio da análise de casos sobre o tema. O texto pretende apontar a ausência da influência das decisões da Corte Interamericana de Direitos Humanos sobre a jurisprudência nacional eleitoral. Noutro lado, demonstra-se a ampla aceitação desses textos internacionais, nos julgados mexicanos, em especial, a partir da adoção pelo país do controle difuso de constitucionalidade e da decisão da Corte Constitucional daquele país acerca do controle de convencionalidade, a ser realizado, obrigatoriamente, por todos os juízes mexicanos.
Acute respiratory distress syndrome and mechanical ventilation strategies<p>Akut solunum sıkıntısı sendromu ve mekanik ventilasyon stratejileri
Authors: Temel Aksu Neriman , Erdoğan Abdullah 
Published: March 2018

Acute respiratory distress syndrome is the greatest cause of acute respiratory failure. Progression of the syndrome causes short and long term complications such as increase in mortality rate, physical and cognitive impairment. Therefore, It is very important to recognize this syndrome earlier and start therapeutic applications. Despite the fact that pathophysiology is largely known, a well-accepted and definitive method of treatment is still undefined. The positive results of low tidal volume ventilation have been proven. In this article; current concepts for Acute respiratory distress syndrome are defined. In particular, new definitions of Acute respiratory distress syndrome, risk factors and recent validated ventilation strategies have been discussed.Extended English summary is in the end of Full Text PDF (TURKISH) file. ÖzetAkut solunum sıkıntısı sendromu akut solunum bozukluğunun en büyük nedenidir. Sendromun ilerlemesi mortalite hızında artışa, fiziksel ve kognitif bozukluk gibi kısa ve uzun dönem komplikasyonlara neden olmaktadır. Buyüzden bu sendromun erken tanınması ve tedavi edici uygulamalara başvurmak oldukça önemlidir. Patofizyoloji büyük oranda bilinmesine rağmen kabul görmüş kesin bir tedavi yöntemi hala tanımlanamamıştır. Düşük tidal volüm ventilasyon uygulamasının olumlu sonuçları kanıtlanmıştır. Bu derlemede; Akut solunum sıkıntısı sendromu için yapılan güncel kavramlar tanımlanmıştır. Özellikle Akut solunum sıkıntısı sendromunun yeni tanımları, risk faktörleri ve son geçerli kabul görmüş ventilasyon uygulamaları tartışılmıştır.
ANALISIS DISKRIMINAN BERGANDA DENGAN PEUBAH BEBAS CAMPURAN KATEGORIK DAN KONTINU PADA KLASIFIKASI INDEKS PRESTASI KUMULATIF MAHASISWA
Authors: Walidaini Nur , Mukid Moch. Abdul , Prahutama Alan , Rusgiyono Agus 
Published: March 2018

Multiple discriminant analysis is one of the discriminant analysis techniques where the dependent variable are grouped into more than two groups. This paper discussed how to categorize Grade Point Average (GPA) of undergraduate student of Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics Diponegoro University based on categorical and continuous independent variable including gender, internet usage, time per week for learning, average score in national examination, amount of pocket money per month and the way to enter to Diponegoro University. The GPA grouping refers to the Academic Regulations of Diponegoro University i.e. satisfactory GPA (2,00 to 2,75), very satisfactory (2,76 to 3,50) and with honors (cum laude) (3,51 to 4,00). By using the multiple discriminant analysis with mixture variables, the accuration of classification based on training and testing data reach to 71,875% and 41,667% respectively.
A fluorescent pH probe for an aqueous solution composed of 7-hydroxycoumarin, Schiff base and phenanthro[9,10-d]imidazole moieties (PICO)
Authors: Li Shaoxin , Kan Wei , Zhao Bing , Liu Ting , Fang Yue , Bai Liming , Wang Liyan 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
The pH fluorescent probe 7-hydroxy-4-methyl-8-(((2-(1-phenyl-1H-phenanthro[9,10-d]imidazol-2-yl)phenyl)imino)methyl)-2H-chromen-2-one (PICO) contains a donor–π–acceptor (D–π–A) conjugated system. The ‘off−on’ probe PICO has a pKa value of 8.01 and its fluorescence intensity is enhanced with increasing pH.
Synthesis of novel push-pull fluorescent dyes – 7-(diethylamino)furo[3,2-c]coumarin and 7-(diethylamino)thieno[3,2-c]coumarin derivatives
Authors: Akchurin Igor O. , Yakhutina Anna I. , Bochkov Andrei Y. , Solovjova Natalya P. , Traven Valerii F. 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
Novel push-pull fluorescent dyes, 7-(diethylamino)furo[3,2-c]coumarin and 7-(diethylamino)thieno[3,2-c]coumarin derivatives, were designed and synthesized using formyl derivatives of furo- and thieno[3,2-c]coumarins as key intermediates. Electron absorption and emission spectra of the dyes were recorded in different solvents. The longest-wave bands in the electron absorption spectra of the dyes are suggested to be of push-pull nature.
Poly(dimethyldiallylammonium chloride) (polyDADMAC) assisted cellulase pretreatment for microfibrillated cellulose (MFC) preparation and MFC analysis
Authors: Zhang Zhengjian , Zhang Qilian , Chen Yunzhi , Li Zhihong 
Published: March 2018

AbstractMicrofibrillated cellulose (MFC) preparation was investigated by means of cellulase pretreatment aided by poly(dimethyldiallylammonium chloride) (polyDADMAC) as an additive. The effect of polyDADMAC on the adsorption of cellulase onto the cellulose fibers, and the properties of MFC and MFC films are described. The additive improved the adsorption of cellulase onto cellulose fibers. Compared to the control, at an addition level of polyDADMAC of 0.789 ml g−1, the crystallinity, aspect ratio, the specific surface area of MFC and, the elongation at break and tensile strength of MFC films are increased, while the oxygen permeability coefficient of the MFC films is decreased. The optimal conditions for preparation of MFC by cellulase pretreatment were: pulp consistency 10%, cellulase dosage 10 µ g−1, pretreatment time 16 h and 0.789 ml g−1polyDADMAC. In summary, polyDADMAC-assisted cellulase pretreatment enhances the efficiency of the cellulase pretreatment of cellulose fibers and improves the performance of MFC and the MFC films.
Muḥammad the Paraclete and ʿAlī the Messiah: New Remarks on the Origins of Islam and of Shiʿite Imamology
Authors: Amir-Moezzi Mohammad-Ali 
Published: March 2018

Abstract:
For all those interested in the religious history of the Near and Middle East during Late Antiquity, the advent of Muḥammad in Arabia and the beginnings of Islam are exciting fields of research. The present study tries to put these subjects into perspective within the broad historical and spiritual context of the 6th and 7th centuries. It is based on a sort of syllogism: Muḥammad and his message belong to Jewish, Christian or Judeo-Christian monotheisms (as attested by the Qurʾān and the Ḥadīth); Muḥammad’s first messages seem to announce the imminent end of the world (as is evident from many Quranic passages and several very early ḥadīths); so Muḥammad cannot but announce the coming of the Messiah as the Savior of the End of the world. On this last point, the Qurʾān remains curiously silent, but according to a large number of ancient ḥadiths, Muḥammad actually announces the imminent coming of the Messiah and the latter is none other than Jesus. At the same time, for some followers of Muḥammad, ʿAlī b. Abī Ṭālib seems to have been the second Jesus, Christ and Messiah of the apocalyptic times. After the death of Muḥammad and ʿAlī, the non-advent of the end of the world, the ridda wars, the Arab conquests and the establishment of the empire, events evolved into different directions than expected at the beginning.
Dalāʾil al-Nubuwwa Literature as Part of the Medieval Scholarly Discourse on Prophecy
Authors: Koertner Mareike 
Published: March 2018

Abstract:
Abū Nuʿaym al-Iṣfahānī (d. 430/1038) and Abū Bakr Aḥmad al-Bayhaqī (d. 458/1066) are mostly considered early representatives of Dalāʾil al-Nubuwwa literature. As a consequence the genre itself has often been viewed as a subgenre of sīra literature, which bears stylistic, structural and methodological implications, and affects its reputation as popular hagiographic rather than scholarly literature. These implications may be partially valid for Dalāʾil al-Nubuwwa works in the time period of Abū Nuʿaym and al-Bayhaqī but not for earlier works that have not been systematically studied so far. In this article, I examine early authorship in Dalāʾil al-Nubūwa literature by identifying numerous works that significantly predate Abū Nuʿaym and al-Bayhaqī. I argue that this literature constituted a continuous tradition from the mid-2nd/8th century onward and that it originated in circles of well-respected ḥadīth scholars who upheld their field’s methodological processes of authentication. Around the second half of the 4th/10th century, authorship shifted toward less acclaimed scholars of ḥadīth or other intellectual fields. Along with this shift came stylistic, structural and methodological changes that have led to the common classification of these works as a subgenre of sīra literature.
Visual Mismatch and Predictive Coding: A Computational Single-Trial ERP Study
Authors: Stefanics Gabor , Heinzle Jakob , Horváth András Attila , Stephan Klaas Enno 
Published: March 2018

Predictive coding (PC) posits that the brain uses a generative model to infer the environmental causes of its sensory data and uses precision-weighted prediction errors (pwPEs) to continuously update this model. While supported by much circumstantial evidence, experimental tests grounded in formal trial-by-trial predictions are rare. One partial exception is event-related potential (ERP) studies of the auditory mismatch negativity (MMN), where computational models have found signatures of pwPEs and related model-updating processes. Here, we tested this hypothesis in the visual domain, examining possible links between visual mismatch responses and pwPEs. We used a novel visual “roving standard” paradigm to elicit mismatch responses in humans (of both sexes) by unexpected changes in either color or emotional expression of faces. Using a hierarchical Bayesian model, we simulated pwPE trajectories of a Bayes-optimal observer and used these to conduct a comprehensive trial-by-trial analysis across the time × sensor space. We found significant modulation of brain activity by both color and emotion pwPEs. The scalp distribution and timing of these single-trial pwPE responses were in agreement with visual mismatch responses obtained by traditional averaging and subtraction (deviant-minus-standard) approaches. Finally, we compared the Bayesian model to a more classical change model of MMN. Model comparison revealed that trial-wise pwPEs explained the observed mismatch responses better than categorical change detection. Our results suggest that visual mismatch responses reflect trial-wise pwPEs, as postulated by PC. These findings go beyond classical ERP analyses of visual mismatch and illustrate the utility of computational analyses for studying automatic perceptual processes.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTHuman perception is thought to rely on a predictive model of the environment that is updated via precision-weighted prediction errors (pwPEs) when events violate expectations. This “predictive coding” view is supported by studies of the auditory mismatch negativity brain potential. However, it is less well known whether visual perception of mismatch relies on similar processes. Here we combined computational modeling and electroencephalography to test whether visual mismatch responses reflected trial-by-trial pwPEs. Applying a Bayesian model to series of face stimuli that violated expectations about color or emotional expression, we found significant modulation of brain activity by both color and emotion pwPEs. A categorical change detection model performed less convincingly. Our findings support the predictive coding interpretation of visual mismatch responses.
HIPK2-Mediated Transcriptional Control of NMDA Receptor Subunit Expression Regulates Neuronal Survival and Cell Death
Authors: Shang Yulei , Zhang Jiasheng , Huang Eric J. 
Published: March 2018

NMDA receptors are critical for neuronal communication. Dysfunction in NMDA receptors has been implicated in neuropsychiatric diseases. While it is well recognized that the composition of NMDA receptors undergoes a GluN2B-to-GluN2A switch in early postnatal life, the mechanism regulating this switch remains unclear. Using transcriptomic and functional analyses in brain tissues from male and femaleHipk2+/+andHipk2−/−mice, we showed that the HIPK2-JNK–c-Jun pathway is important in suppressing the transcription ofGrin2aandGrin2c, which encodes the GluN2A and GluN2C subunits of the NMDA receptors, respectively. Loss of HIPK2 leads to a significant decrease in JNK–c-Jun signaling, which in turn derepresses the transcription ofGrin2aandGrin2cmRNA and upregulates GluN2A and GluN2C protein levels. These changes result in a significant increase of GluN2A/GluN2B ratio in synapse and mitochondria, a persistent activation of the ERK-CREB pathway and the upregulation of synaptic activity-regulated genes, which collectively contribute to the resistance ofHipk2−/−neurons to cell death induced by mitochondrial toxins.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTWe identify HIPK2-JNK–c-Jun signaling as a key mechanism that regulates the transcription of NMDA receptor subunits GluN2A and GluN2Cin vivo. Our results provide insights into a previously unrecognized molecular mechanism that control the switch of NMDA receptor subunits in early postnatal brain development. Furthermore, we provide evidence that changes in the ratio of NMDA subunits GluN2A/GluN2B can also be detected in the synapse and mitochondria, which contributes to a persistent activation of the prosurvival ERK-CREB pathway and its downstream target genes. Collectively, these changes protect HIPK2 deficient neurons from mitochondrial toxins.
Height outcome of the recombinant human growth hormone treatment in Turner syndrome: a meta-analysis
Authors: Li Ping , Cheng Fei , Xiu Lei 
Published: March 2018

Objective
This study sought to determine the effect of the recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) treatment of Turner syndrome (TS) on height outcome.

Methods
We searched in MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. A literature search identified 640 records. After screening and full-text assessment, 11 records were included in the systematic review. Methodological quality was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool. RevMan 5.3 software was used for meta-analysis. We also assessed the quality of evidence with the GRADE system.

Results
Compared with controls, rhGH therapy led to increased final height (MD = 7.22 cm, 95% CI 5.27–9.18, P < 0.001, I2 = 4%; P = 0.18), height standard deviation (HtSDS) (SMD = 1.22, 95% CI 0.88–1.56, P < 0.001, I2 = 49%; P = 0.14) and height velocity (HV) (MD 2.68 cm/year; 95% CI 2.34, 3.02; P < 0.001, I2 = 0%; P = 0.72). There was a small increase in bone age (SMD 0.32 years; 95% CI 0.1, 0.54; P = 0.004, I2 = 73%; P = 0.02) after rhGH therapy for 12 months. What is more, the rhGH/oxandrolone combination therapy suggested greater final height (MD 2.46 cm; 95% CI 0.73, 4.18; P = 0.005, I2 = 32%; P = 0.22), increase and faster HV (SMD 1.67 cm/year; 95% CI 1.03, 2.31; P < 0.03, I2 = 80%; P < 0.001), with no significant increase in HtSDS and bone maturation compared with rhGH therapy alone.

Conclusions
For TS patients, rhGH alone or with concomitant use of oxandrolone treatment had advantages on final height.