bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhancing clinical practice in the management of distress: The Therapeutic Practices for Distress Management (TPDM) project
Authors: McLeod Deborah , Esplen Mary Jane , Wong Jiahui , Hack Thomas F. , Fillion Lise , Howell Doris , Fitch Margaret , Dufresne Julie 
Published: June 2018

AbstractObjectiveThe Therapeutic Practices for Distress Management (TPDM) project was carried out to support clinicians in integrating recommendations from four clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) in routine care at five Pan Canadian cancer care sites.MethodsUsing a concurrent, mixed‐method study design and knowledge translation (KT) activities, this project included two phases: phase I—a baseline/preparation phase and phase II—an intervention phase plus evaluation. The intervention phase (the focus of this report) included a one‐year education and supervision program (24 hours in virtual class; 12‐hour group supervision). Primary outcomes were knowledge and self‐efficacy in practicing CPGs as measured by a Knowledge and Self‐Efficacy Survey (KSES). A secondary outcome was observer‐rated performances with standardized patients (objective structured clinical exams). Participants included 80 (90%) nurses, and 9 (10%) social workers (N = 89).ResultsThe TPDM program was effective in accomplishing change in knowledge, self‐efficacy, and performance. All measures demonstrated significant change pre and post module, with evidence of increasing knowledge (P < .01) and confidence (P < .01) over time. Further, there was evidence of a shift in barriers and enablers to practicing in alignment with the CPGs.ConclusionsA tailored education program using case‐based learning and supervision over time improves knowledge and practice among front line clinicians. The findings have implications for quality improvement in cancer care.
Quality of life after pelvic exenteration for gynecologic cancer: Findings from a qualitative study
Authors: Nelson Ashley M. , Albizu‐Jacob Alexandra , Fenech Alyssa L. , Chon Hye Sook , Wenham Robert M. , Donovan Kristine A. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractObjectivePelvic exenteration (PE) in carefully selected gynecologic cancer patients has a 5‐year survival rate as high as 60%. Thus, there is a growing number of PE survivors dealing with the effects of this radical surgery. The current study sought to explore women's physical, psychological, and social quality of life (QOL) after PE.MethodsFourteen women who had undergone PE for recurrent gynecologic cancer at least 1 year previously completed semistructured qualitative interviews designed to elicit expectations and experiences of QOL following PE. Thematic analysis was used to code transcripts for both a priori and emergent themes.ResultsThemes included PE versus palliative care, preparedness, persistent symptoms, the not so normal new normal, new rules of social engagement, support, emotional diversity, and bouncing back through adaptive coping. Key differences with previous studies include the explicit acknowledgement of the need for palliative care, the chronic nature of multiple, seemingly unaddressed physical symptoms in survivorship, and the predominance of positive psychological symptoms. While a minority expressed emotional distress and regret for undergoing PE, most articulated a sense of resilience gained through a variety of adaptive coping strategies.ConclusionsFindings underscore the persistent physical, psychological, and social effects of PE on QOL and the need for comprehensive, multidisciplinary patient care before and long after surgery. Findings should promote development of a best practice clinical pathway for the care and education of women who undergo PE with curative intent for gynecologic cancer.
Maternal Apolipoprotein B100 Serum Levels are Diminished in Pregnancies with Intrauterine Growth Restriction and Differentiate from Controls
Authors: Wölter Manja , Okai Charles A. , Smith Derek S. , Ruß Manuela , Rath Werner , Pecks Ulrich , Borchers Christoph H. , Glocker Michael O. 
Published: June 2018

PurposeIntrauterine growth restriction, a major cause of fetal morbidity and mortality, is defined as a condition in which the fetus does not reach its genetically given growth potential. Screening for intrauterine growth restriction biomarkers in the mother's blood would be of great help for optimal pregnancy management and timing of delivery as well as for identifying fetuses requiring further surveillance during their infancies.Experimental DesignA multiplexing serological assay based on liquid chromatography–multiple‐reaction‐monitoring mass spectrometry is applied for distinguishing serum samples of pregnant women.ResultsAssessment of concentrations of apolipoproteins and of proteins that belong to the lipid transport system is performed with maternal serum samples, consuming only 10 μL of serum per multiplex assay from each patient. Of all investigated proteins the serum concentrations of apolipoprotein B100 shows the greatest power for discriminating intrauterine growth restriction from control samples, reaching areas under curves above 0.85 in receiver‐operator‐characteristics analyses.ConclusionsThese results indicate the potential of liquid chromatography‐multiple‐reaction‐monitoring mass spectrometry to become of clinical importance in the future for intrauterine growth restriction risk assessment based on maternal apolipoprotein B100 serum levels.
Does winter supplementary feeding affect deer damage in a forest ecosystem? A field test in areas with different levels of deer pressure
Authors: Borowski Zbigniew , Bałazy Radomir , Ciesielski Mariusz , Korzeniewski Krzysztof 
Published: June 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDSupplementary feeding is a widespread but controversial practice in game management. While many studies have been conducted on this issue, there is limited empirical evidence on how feeding affects damage caused by wildlife. In this context, the present study focused on the effect of artificial winter feeding on tree damage in three mountain regions in Poland.RESULTSThe presence of additional winter food did not increase tree damage caused by deer in any region, as expected. Moreover, we observed that additional feeding mitigated forest damage in one region, where the highest level of deer impact had occurred. However, in this mountain region, the most important factor was elevation, which was used to classify additional feeding practice as efficient or inefficient. In the two other study regions, we did not observe any effect of supplementary feeding.CONCLUSIONSAdditional winter supplementary feeding can reduce damage caused by deer in forest stands, but only in areas with high deer pressure. Moreover, feeders should be situated in locations > 600 m above sea level in our study area. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Continuous dynamic gesture spotting algorithm based on Dempster–Shafer Theory in the augmented reality human computer interaction
Authors: Li Qiming , Huang Chen , Yao Zhengwei , Chen Yimin , Ma Lizhuang 
Published: June 2018

AbstractBackgroundHuman–computer interaction (HCI) is an important feature of augmented reality (AR) technology. The naturalness is the inevitable trend of HCI. Gesture is the most natural and frequently used body auxiliary interaction mode in daily interactions except for language. However, there are often meaningless, subconscious gesture intervals between the two adjacent dynamic gestures. So, continuous dynamic gesture spotting is the premise and basis of dynamic gesture recognition, but there is no mature and unified algorithm to solve this problem.AimsIn order to realize the natural HCI based on gesture recognition entirely, a general AR application development platform is presented in this paper.MethodsAccording to the position and pose tracking data of the user's hand, the dynamic gesture spotting algorithm based on evidence theory is proposed. Firstly, Through analysis of the speed change of hand motion during the dynamic gestures, three knowledge rules are summed up. Then, accurate dynamic gesture spotting is realized with the application of evidence reasoning. Moreover, this algorithm first detects the starting point of gesture in the rising trend of hand motion speed, eliminates the delay between spotting and recognition, and thus ensures real‐time performance. Finally, the algorithm is verified in several AR applications developed on the platform.ResultsThere are two main experimental results. First, there are six users participating in the dynamic gesture spotting experiment, and the gesture spotting accuracy can meet the demand. Second, The accuracy of recognition after spotting is higher than that of the simultaneous recognition and spotting.ConclusionSo, It can be concluded that the proposed continuous dynamic gesture spotting algorithm based on Dempster–Shafer theory can extract almost all the effective dynamic gestures in the HCI of our AR platform, and on this basis, it can effectively improve the accuracy of the subsequent dynamic gesture recognition.
High‐precision control of tracked field robots in the presence of unknown traction coefficients
Authors: Kayacan Erkan , Young Sierra N. , Peschel Joshua M. , Chowdhary Girish 
Published: June 2018

AbstractAccurate steering through crop rows that avoids crop damage is one of the most important tasks for agricultural robots utilized in various field operations, such as monitoring, mechanical weeding, or spraying. In practice, varying soil conditions can result in off‐track navigation due to unknown traction coefficients so that it can cause crop damage. To address this problem, this paper presents the development, application, and experimental results of a real‐time receding horizon estimation and control (RHEC) framework applied to a fully autonomous mobile robotic platform to increase its steering accuracy. Recent advances in cheap and fast microprocessors, as well as advances in solution methods for nonlinear optimization problems, have made nonlinear receding horizon control (RHC) and receding horizon estimation (RHE) methods suitable for field robots that require high‐frequency (milliseconds) updates. A real‐time RHEC framework is developed and applied to a fully autonomous mobile robotic platform designed by the authors for in‐field phenotyping applications in sorghum fields. Nonlinear RHE is used to estimate constrained states and parameters, and nonlinear RHC is designed based on an adaptive system model that contains time‐varying parameters. The capabilities of the real‐time RHEC framework are verified experimentally, and the results show an accurate tracking performance on a bumpy and wet soil field. The mean values of the Euclidean error and required computation time of the RHEC framework are equal to 0.0423 m and 0.88 ms, respectively.
The relation of atypical antipsychotic use and stress with weight in individuals at clinical high risk for psychosis
Authors: Hampton Joya N. , Trotman Hanan D. , Addington Jean , Bearden Carrie E. , Cadenhead Kristin S. , Cannon Tyrone D. , Cornblatt Barbara A. , Mathalon Daniel H. , McGlashan Thomas H. , Tsuang Ming T. , Perkins Diana O. , Seidman Larry J. , Woods Scott W. , Walker Elaine F. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractAtypical antipsychotics (AT) and stress are related to weight gain in individuals with severe mental illness. This cross‐sectional study examines AT use, stressful life events, and baseline weight in a sample of youth at clinical high risk for psychosis. Results showed that dependent and desirable life events moderated the relationship between AT use and weight after controlling for demographic factors and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor antidepressant (AD) use. The relation of AD and weight was explored as a secondary analysis and showed no relation between AD use and weight. Further, stress did not moderate the relationship between AD medication and weight after controlling for antipsychotic use. Results suggest that stress exposure may exacerbate the relationship between ATs and increased weight in clinical high‐risk populations. Findings have implications for the development of interventions to address psychosocial factors that worsen or buffer the adverse effects of antipsychotic medication on weight.
How stigmatized are dismissed chief executives? The role of character questioning causal accounts and executive capital in dismissed CEO reemployment
Authors: Schepker Donald J. , Barker Vincent L. 
Published: June 2018

Research Summary: Despite the prevalence of CEO dismissal, theory only briefly explores its consequences. Past research indicates few fired CEOs regain employment. We suggest dismissal stigmatizes executives; however, stigmatization is greatest when character questioning causal accounts exist, which affect the likelihood of regaining a CEO position. Furthermore, we argue that reputational and social capital provide signals of executive quality that moderate the level of stigmatization experienced when character questioning causal accounts exist. Following 280 dismissed CEOs, we find that social capital increases the likelihood of rehiring for those with character questioning causal accounts, but negatively impacts those without causal accounts. Alternatively, we find reputational capital positively influences those without causal accounts, while having a slight negative relationship for those with causal accounts.
Managerial Summary: Dismissed CEOs often desire second chances to run companies; however, few are ever afforded the opportunity. We explore what allows some dismissed CEOs to regain employment as a CEO. We find that reasons surrounding a CEO's dismissal influence such prospects depending on the CEO's prior reputation and social capital. In particular, social capital through elite education increases the likelihood of regaining a position when the CEO's character is called into question. Alternatively, a strong reputation increases the likelihood of regaining a CEO position when a CEO's character has not been called into question. These findings suggest that dismissed CEOs can regain a CEO position; however, this likelihood is strongly influenced by how others perceive the executive and their concerns about prior behavior.
Ultrastable Potassium Storage Performance Realized by Highly Effective Solid Electrolyte Interphase Layer
Authors: Fan Ling , Chen Suhua , Ma Ruifang , Wang Jue , Wang Longlu , Zhang Qingfeng , Zhang Erjin , Liu Zhaomeng , Lu Bingan 
Published: June 2018

AbstractPotassium ion‐batteries (PIBs) have attracted tremendous attention recently due to the abundance of potassium resources and the low standard electrode potential of potassium. Particularly, the solid‐electrolyte interphase (SEI) in the anode of PIBs plays a vital role in battery security and battery cycling performance due to the highly reactive potassium. However, the SEI in the anode for PIBs with traditional electrolytes is mainly composed of organic compositions, which are highly reactive with air and water, resulting in inferior cycle performance and safety hazards. Herein, a highly stable and effective inorganic SEI layer in the anode is formed with optimized electrolyte. As expected, the PIBs exhibit an ultralong cycle performance over 14 000 cycles at 2000 mA g−1 and an ultrahigh average coulombic efficiency over 99.9%.
An Animated Visual Representation of Real‐Time Resource Flows Through a Community Enhances Systems Thinking
Authors: Petersen John E. , Frantz Cynthia M. , Tincknell Evan , Canning Christopher 
Published: June 2018

We report on two studies designed to test the effect of visual feedback technology on several dimensions of systems thinking. Participants were exposed to ‘Citywide Dashboard’ (CWD), a visual depiction of a city designed for display on digital signage. CWD is dynamically animated based on real‐time water and electricity flow data and environmental conditions. In study 1, college students were exposed to CWD (or a control) for 6 days. Exposure enhanced perceptions of ecological embeddedness, connectedness to nature, and perceptions of responsibility and impact (causal extent) among those who were initially low in connectedness to nature. Study 2, conducted on a US adult sample, revealed that even brief exposure to the CWD expands perceptions of causal extent. Findings indicate that certain core aspects of systems thinking are malleable and can be enhanced through brief exposure to visual manipulations with technology designed to prime cognitive orientation. © 2018 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Representations of Transnational Human Trafficking: A Critical Review
Authors: Gregoriou Christiana , Ras Ilse A. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe collection introduction defines human trafficking and proceeds to offer an in-depth literature review that assesses the significance of attention to the collection topic, suggests new directions for research, and provides a synopsis and integrative analysis of the collective contributions of manuscripts within the collection. It starts by detailing the story of human trafficking (the types, causes, and frames of trafficking), then discusses the effects of misrepresentation on the directly affected (draws on victim hierarchy, criminalisation and secondary victimisation), and then deals with the socio-political causes and effects of misrepresentation (gender and wealth inequality, global and local politics, and secondary exploitation). It ends by providing a rationale as to the nature of the case studies the book and its contributors consider.
“In the Suitcase was a Boy”: Representing Transnational Child Trafficking in Contemporary Crime Fiction
Authors: Beyer Charlotte 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThis chapter investigates representations of transnational child trafficking in contemporary crime fiction, focusing specifically on the depiction of child trafficking and its victims. Beyer examines the role of crime fiction in raising reader awareness of human trafficking and of the child victims’ predicament and plight, considering didactic dimensions of the genre and how it tends to erase victims in the aftermath of crime. Through detailed examinations of representations of child trafficking and its social and cultural contexts in selected post-2000 British and Scandinavian crime fiction texts, the chapter argues that crime fiction can be seen to engage explicitly in public and private debates around human trafficking, and, through its popular outreach, has the potential to affect popular perceptions of human trafficking and its victims.
Robotic Reoperative Anti‐reflux Surgery: Low Perioperative Morbidity and High Symptom Resolution
Authors: Elmously Adham , Gray Katherine D. , Ullmann Timothy M. , Fahey Thomas J. , Afaneh Cheguevara , Zarnegar Rasa 
Published: June 2018

AbstractBackgroundLaparoscopic reoperative anti‐reflux surgery (ARS) has a significantly higher morbidity than laparoscopic primary ARS; however, it is not known whether the same pattern exists within the robotic approach. We aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of robotic reoperative ARS in comparison with primary robotic ARS.MethodsA retrospective review of patients undergoing primary or reoperative robotic ARS at a tertiary referral center between 2012 and 2017 was performed. Perioperative outcomes and long‐term symptom resolution were evaluated.ResultsA total of 200 patients were included (38 reoperative and 162 primary ARS). Baseline characteristics were comparable across groups. Seven (18.4%) of the reoperative patients had two or more prior foregut operations. Patients in the reoperative group had a longer operative time (226 vs. 180 min, p < 0.001). There were no conversions to open technique, and one patient in the reoperative group (2.6%) had an intraoperative perforation. Twenty of the 38 reoperative patients (52.6%) were discharged within 24 h as compared to 109/162 primary patients (64.9%) (p = 0.09). The readmission rate and postoperative complication rates were 6 and 3%, respectively, and did not differ between groups. At a mean follow‐up of 1 year, complete or partial resolution of preoperative symptoms was achieved in 97% of primary patients and 100% of reoperative patients (p = 0.4).ConclusionThe robotic approach allows for minimal morbidity, short length of stay, and excellent functional outcomes in patients undergoing reoperative ARS when compared to patients undergoing primary ARS.
Investigation of the mechanism of Fe2Al5 powder into FeAl powder transformation
Authors: Khoshhal Razieh , Hosseinzadeh Ali 
Published: June 2018

In the iron aluminide production process from the elementary powders, it is confirmed that Fe2Al5 powder forms at lower temperatures and turns to FeAl at high-temperatures. Though there are some theories about the Fe2Al5 to FeAl transformation mechanism, these assumptions have not been proven in any practice. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to clarify the Fe2Al5 to FeAl transformation mechanism. To achieve this goal, the samples with the ratio of 1:1 of iron and aluminum were heat treated. It was found that Fe2Al5 forms at 700 °C and converts to FeAl at 900 °C. The Fe2Al5 to FeAl transformation mechanism was clarified at the next step. It was shown that the direct transition of Fe2Al5 to FeAl is not possible. Therefore, a third factor should be involved. Iron was predicted as the third factor which helps Fe2Al5 to convert into FeAl. This hypothesis was proved in practice.
Self-Reported Use and Attitudes Toward Performance-Enhancing Drugs in Ultramarathon Running
Authors: Campian Michael D. , Flis Alexandra E. , Teramoto Masaru , Cushman Daniel M. 
Published: June 2018

Introduction The use of performance enhancing drugs (PEDs) has been reported in several sports. There have been no peer-reviewed articles on the use of PEDs in ultramarathon running. This study was to examine the use of PEDs in ultramarathon running and to identify attitudes and beliefs about the usage of PEDs in the sport. Methods An online survey was developed. The survey was distributed to potential participants through Ultrasignup and the Western States Endurance Run Facebook sites. The survey included 9 demographic questions, 11 PED questions, and a previously validated 17-item performance enhancement attitude scale (PEAS). Results Six hundred nine self-identified ultramarathon runners completed the survey; 8.4% of respondents reported using PEDs during competition or training. Cannabinoids, narcotics, and stimulants were the PEDs that were most frequently reported. There was no difference between sex, age, country of origin, rank, miles/week of training, or longest race between those that reported using PEDs and those that did not report using PEDs. There was, however, a significant difference in athletes who reported they knew another ultramarathon runner who had used PEDs to have significantly higher years of participation and ranked in the top 20th percentile. There additionally was an increased PEAS score of individuals who reported using a PED or individuals that knew an individual who used PEDs. Conclusion PEDs are being used in ultramarathon running. The exact extent of the use of PEDs in ultramarathon running is still unknown and challenging to fully investigate without formal, random testing, which is expensive and technically challenging.
ARE DIVERSIFICATION AND STRUCTURAL CHANGE GOOD POLICY? AN EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS OF NORWEGIAN AGRICULTURE
Authors: ALEM HABTAMU , LIEN GUDBRAND , KUMBHAKAR SUBAL C. , HARDAKER J. BRIAN 
Published: June 2018

AbstractWe investigated whether diversification and/or structural change would improve Norwegian agriculture. Using a flexible technology approach to account for different technologies, we assessed economies of scope and scale of dairy and cropping farms, including regional differences. We fitted translog cost functions to farm-level panel data for the period 1991–2014. We found both economies of scope and scale on the farms. Dairy farms have an economic incentive to integrate dairying with cropping in all regions of Norway, and vice versa. Thus, policy makers should eschew interventions that inhibit diversification or structural change and that increase the costs of food production.