bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improvement of Energy Efficiency Using a Multi-Input Fuzzy Logic Controller in a Stone Cutting Machine
Authors: Cinar Said Mahmut , Cimen Hasan , Buyuksagis I. Sedat 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Block cutter machines (BCMs) are commonly used in the manufacturing of natural stones. Although the energy consumption of the BCM is affected by the rotation speed of the blade, depth of cut, and traverse speed, these parameters are generally fixed. Unfortunately, stones are not homogeneous materials, and this has a negative impact on the energy consumption of the BCM because of the fixed parameters. The main goal of our study was the development of a multi input single output (MISO) fuzzy logic controller (FLC) design to improve the energy efficiency of the BCM. In this study, two MISO FLCs (two- and three-input) were designed to adjust the traverse speed and these controllers were applied in the laboratory-scale model of the BCM. The designed FLCs are tested with cutting experiments on three different stones. The experiments showed that, with the continuous adjustment of the traverse speed during the cutting process, the FLCs increase energy efficiency. The three-input FLC provided more energy saving than with the two-input FLC. Also, multiple regression analysis was performed in order to determine the combined effects of the most dominant rock properties on specific energy for three different control methods.
Musical Borrowing or Curious Coincidence?
Authors: Burkholder J. Peter 
Published: April 2018

Studies of allusion, modeling, paraphrase, quotation, and other forms of musical borrowing hinge on the claim that the composer of one piece of music has used material or ideas from another. What evidence can be presented to support or refute this claim? How can we know that the material is borrowed from this particular piece and not from another source? How can we be sure that a similarity results from borrowing and is not a coincidence or the result of drawing on a shared fund of musical ideas?
These questions can be addressed using a typology of evidence organized into three principal categories: analytical evidence gleaned from examining the pieces themselves, including extent of similarity, exactness of match, number of shared elements, and distinctiveness; biographical and historical evidence, including the composer’s knowledge of the alleged source, acknowledgment of the borrowing, sketches, compositional process, and typical practice; and evidence regarding the purpose of the borrowing, including structural or thematic functions, use as a model, extramusical associations, and humor. Ideally, an argument for borrowing should address all three categories.
Exploring instances of borrowing or alleged borrowing by composers from Johannes Martini and Gombert through Mozart, Brahms, Debussy, Ives, Stravinsky, and Berg illustrates these types of evidence. The typology makes it possible to evaluate claims and test evidence for borrowing by considering alternative explanations, including the relative probability of coincidence. A particularly illuminating case is the famous resemblance between the opening themes of Mozart’s Bastien und Bastienne and Beethoven’s Eroica Symphony, discussed by hundreds of writers for more than 150 years. Bringing together all the types of evidence writers have offered for and against borrowing shows why the debate has proven so enduring and how it can be resolved.
Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels throughout pregnancy: a longitudinal study in healthy and preeclamptic pregnant women
Authors: Agudelo-Zapata Yessica , Maldonado-Acosta Luis Miguel , Sandoval-Alzate Héctor Fabio , Poveda Natalia Elvira , Garcés María Fernanda , Cortés-Vásquez Jonathan Alexander , Linares-Vaca Andrés Felipe , Mancera-Rodríguez Carlos Alejandro , Perea-Ariza Shahar Alexandra , Ramírez-Iriarte Karen Yuliana , Castro-Saldarriaga Camilo Andrés , Arteaga-Diaz Juan Manuel , Franco-Vega Roberto , Ángel-Müller Edith , Parada-Baños Arturo José , Caminos Jorge E 
Published: April 2018

Background
Worldwide there is a high prevalence of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) deficiency and has been associated with adverse outcomes during pregnancy.

Objective
This is a nested, case–control study in a longitudinal cohort to compare the serum 25OHD levels and other biomarkers throughout pregnancy in a group of 20 preeclamptic women and 61 healthy pregnant women. An additional group of 29 healthy non-pregnant women were also studied during the two phases of the menstrual cycle.

Results
Mean 25OHD levels in non-pregnant women were 31.9 ng/mL and 34.9 ng/mL during follicular and luteal phase, respectively (P < 0.01). Mean serum 25OHD levels in healthy pregnant women were 26.5, 30.1 and 31.9 ng/mL, at first, second and third trimester, respectively (P < 0.001). The first trimester levels of 25OHD were lower than those of healthy non-pregnant women (P < 0.001), showing a significant recovery at third trimester. In the group of healthy pregnant women, the 25OHD levels were 25.7 ng/mL and 27.2 ng/mL at 3 and 6 months postpartum, respectively; both values were lower than those observed in the non-pregnant women (P < 0.001). In preeclamptic women, 25OHD serum levels were similar to those of healthy pregnant women; nevertheless, they remained almost unchanged throughout pregnancy.

Conclusion
There were no significant differences between healthy and preeclamptic pregnant women in terms of 25OHD levels throughout the pregnancy. Serum 25OHD levels in non-pregnant women were higher during luteal phase compared with follicular phase. The 25OHD levels of non-pregnant women tended to be higher than those of pregnant women.
Impact of transitional care on endocrine and anthropometric parameters in Prader–Willi syndrome
Authors: Paepegaey A C , Coupaye M , Jaziri A , Ménesguen F , Dubern B , Polak M , Oppert J M , Tauber M , Pinto G , Poitou C 
Published: April 2018

ContextThe transition of patients with Prader–Willi syndrome (PWS) to adult life for medical care is challenging because of multiple comorbidities, including hormone deficiencies, obesity and cognitive and behavioral disabilities.ObjectiveTo assess endocrine management, and metabolic and anthropometric parameters of PWS adults who received (n = 31) or not (n = 64) transitional care, defined as specialized pediatric care followed by a structured care pathway to a multidisciplinary adult team.Patients and study designHormonal and metabolic parameters were retrospectively recorded in 95 adults with PWS (mean ± s.d.age 24.7 ± 8.2 years, BMI: 39.8 ± 12.1 kg/m²) referred to our Reference Center and compared according to transition.ResultsAmong the entire cohort, 35.8% received growth hormone (GH) during childhood and 16.8% had a GH stimulation test after completion of growth. In adulthood, 14.7% were treated with GH, 56.8% received sex-hormone therapy, whereas 91.1% were hypogonadic and 37.9% had undergone valid screening of the corticotropic axis. The main reason for suboptimal endocrine management was marked behavioral disorders. Patients receiving transitional care were more likely to have had a GH stimulation test and hormonal substitutions in childhood. They also had a lower BMI, percentage of fat mass, improved metabolic parameters and fewer antidepressant treatments. Transitional care remained significantly associated with these parameters in multivariate analysis when adjusted on GH treatment.ConclusionA coordinated care pathway with specialized pediatric care and transition to a multidisciplinary adult team accustomed to managing complex disability including psychiatric troubles are associated with a better health status in adults with PWS.
A case of Kallmann syndrome associated with a non-functional pituitary microadenoma
Authors: Ach Taieb , Marmouch Hela , Elguiche Dorra , Achour Asma , Marzouk Hajer , Sayadi Hanene , Khochtali Ines , Golli Mondher 
Published: April 2018

Summary
Kallmann syndrome (KS) is a form of hypogonadotropic hypogonadism in combination with a defect in sense of smell, due to abnormal migration of gonadotropin-releasing hormone-producing neurons. We report a case of a 17-year-old Tunisian male who presented with eunuchoid body proportions, absence of facial, axillary and pubic hair, micropenis and surgically corrected cryptorchidism. Associated findings included anosmia. Karyotype was 46XY and hormonal measurement hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. MRI of the brain showed bilateral agenesis of the olfactory bulbs and 3.5 mm pituitary microadenoma. Hormonal assays showed no evidence of pituitary hypersecretion.

Learning points:

The main clinical characteristics of KS include hypogonadotropic hypogonadism and anosmia or hyposmia.

MRI, as a non-irradiating technique, should be the first radiological step for investigating the pituitary gland as well as abnormalities of the ethmoid, olfactory bulbs and tracts in KS.

KS may include anterior pituitary hypoplasia or an empty sella syndrome. The originality of our case is that a microadenoma also may be encountered in KS. Hormonal assessment indicated the microadenoma was non-functioning. This emphasizes the importance of visualizing the pituitary region in KS patients to assess for hypoplastic pituitary malformations or adenomas.
Effect of Larval Nutrition on Maternal mRNA Contribution to theDrosophilaEgg
Authors: Crofton Amanda E , Cartwright Emily L , Feitzinger Anna A , Lott Susan E 
Published: April 2018

AbstractEmbryonic development begins under the control of maternal gene products, mRNAs and proteins that the mother deposits into the egg; the zygotic genome is activated some time later. Maternal control of early development is conserved across metazoans. Gene products contributed by mothers are critical to many early developmental processes, and set up trajectories for the rest of development. Maternal deposition of these factors is an often-overlooked aspect of parental investment. If the mother experiences challenging environmental conditions, such as poor nutrition, previous studies in Drosophila melanogaster have demonstrated a plastic response wherein these mothers may produce larger eggs to buffer the offspring against the same difficult environment. This additional investment can produce offspring that are more fit in the challenging environment. With this study, we ask whether D. melanogaster mothers who experience poor nutrition during their own development change their gene product contribution to the egg. We perform mRNA-Seq on eggs at a stage where all mRNAs are maternally derived, from mothers with different degrees of nutritional limitation. We find that nutritional limitation produces similar transcript changes at all degrees of limitation tested. Genes that have lower transcript abundance in nutritionally limited mothers are those involved in translation, which is likely one of the most energetically costly processes occurring in the early embryo. We find an increase in transcripts for transport and localization of macromolecules, and for the electron transport chain. The eggs produced by nutrition-limited mothers show a plastic response in mRNA deposition, which may better prepare the future embryo for development in a nutrition-limited environment.
Whole Genome Sequence of an Edible and Potential Medicinal Fungus, Cordyceps guangdongensis
Authors: Zhang Chenghua , Deng Wangqiu , Yan Wenjuan , Li Taihui 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Cordyceps guangdongensis is an edible fungus which was approved as a novel food by the Chinese Ministry of Public Health in 2013. It also has a broad prospect of application in pharmaceutical industries, with many medicinal activities. In this study, the whole genome of C. guangdongensis GD15, a single spore isolate from a wild strain, was sequenced and assembled with Illumina and PacBio sequencing technology. The generated genome is 29.05 Mb in size, comprising nine scaffolds with an average GC content of 57.01%. It is predicted to contain a total of 9150 protein-coding genes. Sequence identification and comparative analysis indicated that the assembled scaffolds contained two complete chromosomes and four single-end chromosomes, showing a high level assembly. Gene annotation revealed a diversity of transposons that could contribute to the genome size and evolution. Besides, approximately 15.57% and 12.01% genes involved in metabolic processes were annotated by KEGG and COG respectively. Genes belonging to CAZymes accounted for 3.15% of the total genes. In addition, 435 transcription factors, involved in various biological processes, were identified. Among the identified transcription factors, the fungal transcription regulatory proteins (18.39%) and fungal-specific transcription factors (19.77%) represented the two largest classes of transcription factors. This genomic resource provided a new insight into better understanding the relevance of phenotypic characters and genetic mechanisms in C. guangdongensis.
Coupled fractals in complete metric spaces
Authors: Petru¸sel Adrian , Soós Anna 
Published: April 2018

The aim of this paper is to present fixed set theorems, collage type and anticollage type results for single-valued operators T : X × X → X in the framework of a complete metric space X. Based on the coupled fixed point theory, existence of fixed sets, collage type and anticollage type results for iterated function systems are also presented. The results are closely related to self-similar sets theory and the mathematics of fractals. Several examples of coupled fractals illustrate our results.
Expressing Aspects of Modern Curriculum in a Lesson
Authors: Putrienė Nijolė 
Published: April 2018

Recently the concept of curriculum has been expanded: the curriculum implementation in a constantly changing environment was included alongside with a teaching program and its outcomes. In addition, an informal learning as well as implementing of learner’s former experiences became an important curriculum research target. The concept of learning program has also changed: it is now considered to be open, having no clear objectives and constantly developing one. That is the reason why curriculum planning and implementation became more an innovative process rather than a predetermined activity.
Despite these changes, the content of the lesson, time, the resources are determined strictly enough by public documents and established traditions in Lithuania.
The essays written by two gymnasium teachers describing their activities while planning and performing lessons were analyzed. There was a great number of modern curriculum aspects included by informants while planning and implementing curriculum during their lessons. Although, low motivation of some students, restrictions in time, material, etc. and set requirements for the achievement do not allow those curriculum aspects to be revealed stronger.
Keywords: contemporary curriculum, curriculum planning, curriculum implementation, education in lesson, learning program.
Student’s Sense of School Belonging: School Influence
Authors: Dukynaitė Rita , Dudaitė Jolita 
Published: April 2018

Today, the lead role of family and school in personality formation and its further development is widely recognized. Family is the centre of social and emotional world for small children. However, in the adolescence period, students start seeking recognition at school and among friends; the need for involvement, achievement and leadership shows up.
Sense of school belonging is a concept which defines the extent to which students feel personally accepted, respected, involved and supported by parents, teachers, other community members in school environment. Student’s sense of school belonging primarily depends on teachers; however, acceptance and appraisal of a child by classmates and parents is also important to the sense of belonging. The sense of school belonging shows the extent to which students are involved in and connected with school community (both teachers and students) and feel support and assistance. It is a subjective assessment of a student which is related to the feeling of respect and acceptance at school, i.e. psychological membership in school and classroom.
Conceptualisation of the sense of school belonging allows defining the key components of this concept: connection between teachers and students, contribution (teachers should contribute to provision of proper conditions for self-realization), capability (students should contribute to school activity and feel recognized by their teachers and peers).
A teacher and school play one of the key roles in fostering the sense of acceptance and school belonging. Good relationship of teacher and student with school, teachers and peers influences students’ inclination for further development and fully-fledged membership in social group. Lack of interrelationship may have a negative impact on student’s self-awareness, life satisfaction and interest in learning activity.
This article analyses which factors of school educational environment have influence on the formation of student’s sense of school belonging. 4618 students aged 15 from 216 general and vocational schools participated in the survey. As far as we know, in Lithuania, the study on the student’s sense of school belonging has been carried out for the first time. The Lithuania’s database of student questionnaire of the worldwide study OECD PISA 2012 is used for the survey.
Fears of Visually Impaired Pre-School Children and Their Parents
Authors: Gudonis Vytautas , Kaffemanienė Irena , Radzevičienė Liuda , Elijošius Egidijus , Klopota Yevhenii 
Published: April 2018

The article analyses the fears of preschool age children, with visual impairment, and the fears of their parents. It was aimed to define whether the fears of preschool age children, with vision problems, differ from the fears of the same age children, with no vision problems. The hypothesis was formed that the parental childhood fears can be transmitted to their mature age, and present fears can be transmitted to their children. The results of the research revealed such tendencies as follows: the participating in the research preschool age children, with vision problems, do not have any exceptional fears, comparing to the children of the same age but with no vision problems; the larger number of fears reflected in those children, whose parents have a high educational level, comparing to the parents, with a lower educational level; children from incomplete families have more fears; mothers used to have less fears in childhood than they have now; the fears, children and some parents have, might have been transmitted from parents to children.
Talar osteokondral defektlerde şekillendirilmiş metal talar implant uygulaması
Authors: Çalbıyık Murat 
Published: April 2018

Amaç:Osteokondral lezyonlar (OKL) posttravmatik
veya gelişimsel olarak ortaya çıkabilen, eklem yüzeyindeki hiyalin kıkırdağın
ve subkondral kemiğin hasarıdır. Primer tedavi talus osteokondral defektlerin artroskopik
debritmanı ve kemik iliği stimulasyonudur.
Özellikle başarısız primer tedaviden sonra, cerrahi bir sorun olmaya
devam etmektedir. Medialtalar çatının büyük lezyonlarının
tedavisinde şekillendirilmiş artiküler implant(ŞAİ) (HemiCAP, Artrosurface)bir
tedavi alternatifidir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, daha önce cerrahi tedavi ile
başarısız olmuş medialtalar kubbenin OKL'ları için ŞA İimplantasyonundan sonra
klinik sonuçları incelemektir.Gereç ve Yöntem:Bu
çalışmada OKL tanısı ile tedavi edilen artroskopik debritman kemik iliği stimülasyonu
sonucu başarısız olanveya 50 yaş üstü
primer OKL lezyonu nedeni , haziran 2011-haziran 2015 tarihleri arasında tedavi
edilen ve ŞAİ yapılan 7 si erkek ve 10 kadın olmak üzere toplam 17 hasta
retrospektif olarak incelenmiştir.Hastalar preoperatif ve postoperatif olarak
takiplerinde dinlenme ve yürüme sırasında VAS ağrı skoru, AOFAS skorlaması, radyolojik olarak implant
gevşemesi, osteotomi hattında pseudoartroz, malunion ve osteoartrit gelişimi
değerlendirildi.Bulgular: Ortalama yaş 49.5±10.3(29-68) dır. Takip
süresi 44.2±11.7(24-63) aydır. VAS ağrı skoru dinlenme sırasında preoperatif
dönemde 1.4±1.2(0-4) tespit edilmiş iken postoperatif birinci yıl sonunda 0.5±0.7(0-2)
, yürüme sırasında ise preoperatif dönemde 6±1.4(3-8) 1 yıl sonunda 1±0.7(0-2)
olarak tespit edildi. AOFAS preoperatif olarak değerlendirildiğinde 67.3±12.1(38-80)
postoperatif 1 yılda 92.5±9.2(68-100) tespit
edildi. Tüm
hastalarda osteotomi hattında kaynama görüldü. 1 hastada yara yerinde yüzeyel
enfeksiyon izlendi, 1 hastada ise osteotomi hattında kullanılan tespit
vidasının uzunluğu nedeni ile erken dönemde implant çıkarılmış ve 1 hastada
osteotomi hattında bioabsorbable vida tespit için kullanılmış ve stabiliteden
dolayı grafideki konsolidasyon geç tespit edilmiş ve herhangi bir komplikasyon
gelişmeden kaynama izlenmiştir. 1
hastanın takiplerinde tibial yüzeyde subkondral skleroz tespit edilmiştir.

Sonuç:Çalışmanın sonucu olarak metalik implantasyon
tekniği medial çatı OKL tedavisinde başarılı bir cerrahi prosedürdür. Primer
tedavinin başarısız olduğu durumlarda ve 50 yaş üstündeki vakalarda ayak bileği
artrodezi, ayak bileği artroplasti cerrahi seçeneklerinden önce tercih edilebilecek
bir cerrahi yöntemdir.
Amazing Supremacy of Thiopental Compared to Propofol in Rat Bronchi with Supramaximal Tonus
Authors: EREL Varlık K , ERDEM Ali Onur , ERDOGAN Hasan , BİLGİN Mehmet Dincer 
Published: April 2018

Introduction: Bronchospasm is an undesirable phenomenon in all phases of operation and anesthesia.Tracheal intubation after induction of anesthesia causes a measurable increase in the resistance of the respiratory system, which often results in bronchoconstriction.Propofol and thiopental have been used as an intravenous anesthetic agent in induction of anesthesia for many years.Barbiturates are recommended not be used in patients with risks due to bronchospasm-causing effects. Propofol is generally recommended for patients with asthma and bronchospasm due to bronchodilatation and muscle relaxant effects. In our study, we aimed to demonstrate this superiority of propofol to thiopental in rat bronchi with supramaximal tonus in a bronchospasm model.Materials and methods:A total of 30 adult male rats were divided into four groups. Double-blinded group T1 received 1x10-5 M thiopental at supramaximal contraction. In Group T2, 1x10-6M thiopental was applied at supramaximal contraction while in Group P1 1x10-1M propofol was applied at supramaximal contraction and in Group P2, 1x10-2M propofol was applied. Tissue voltages were measured with MAY GTA0303 GENIUS TRANSDUCER AMPLITUDE® and recorded in the Acknowledge MP100® program.Results:In Group T1, the reduction in tonus was statistically significant (estimated mean difference, -0.41; 95% confidence interval [CI], -0.36 to 1.18; p=0.000. In Group T2, the tonus difference was statistically significant (estimated mean difference, -0.20; 95% confidence interval [CI], -0.62 to 1.03; p=0.001).There was no statistically significance between tonus levels in neither group P1 nor group P2 before and after the implementationConclusion: In our study, relaxation effect in two different doses of thiopental was shown in rat bronchus tissue in in vitro bronchospasm model. Propofol did not show any relaxation or contraction responses in two separate doses. Surprisingly, Our results suggest that propofol has no direct bronchodilatation effect and thiopental provides bronchodilation. Consequently, we noticed that the effect of thiopental dose-dependent bronchodilatation is not well debate in the literature. For this reason, bronchodilatation doses of thiopental should be determined in further clinical and experimental studies.