bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predictive Biomarkers for TNF Inhibitor Response in Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Proteomics-based Machine Learning Approach
Authors: Cho Ara , Yi Eugene C , Lee Yun Jong , Song Yeong Wook , Tanaka Yoshiya , Kim Kristine M 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), a prevalent systemic autoimmune disease, affects 0.5–1% of the global population and is characterized by persistent joint inflammation and potential bone damage. Despite the utilization of Disease-Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs (DMARDs) and TNF inhibitors (TNFi) to manage RA, approximately one-third of patients do not response to these treatments, underscoring the urgent need for more precise therapeutic approaches. This study presents a proteomics-based machine learning approach to identify serum biomarkers capable of predicting individual patient responses to TNFi therapy, specifically infliximab By analyzing serum samples from 71 responders and 122 non-responders using Data-Independent Acquisition mass spectrometry (DIA-MS) for comprehensive proteomic profiling, we identified a panel of 10 multi-biomarkers, SAA2, MBL2, CLU, F5, FCGBP, IGFBP3, FGA, PROS1 and PCOLCE. These biomarkers are closely linked to key biological processes in RA, such as inflammation (SAA2, MBL2), immune modulation (CLU, FCGBP), coagulation (F5, PROS1, FGA), and tissue remodeling (PCOLCE). A logistic regression model utilizing these biomarkers achieved an accuracy of 82%, with a sensitivity of 0.74 and a specificity of 0.87. These biomarkers correlating with RA disease activity and patient response to infliximab, have the potential to enable a predictive model for personalized treatment. The advancement suggests a future shift towards a more predictive, personalized approach in RA management, potentially Improving by reducing the reliance on the current trial-and-error method in therapy selection.
A life that’s worth living – measuring health-related quality of life among people treated for tuberculosis in Viet Nam: a longitudinal EQ-5D-5L survey
Authors: Vo Luan Nguyen Quang , Forse Rachel , Codlin Andrew James , Huynh Huy Ba , Wiemers Anja Maria Christine , Creswell Jacob , Garg Tushar , Dang Thi Minh Ha , Nguyen Lan Huu , Nguyen Hoa Binh , Dinh Luong Van , Nguyen Nhung Viet , Wingfield Tom , Sidney-Annerstedt Kristi , Shedrawy Jad , Lonnroth Knut 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background
In many settings, Tuberculosis (TB) represents a catastrophic life event that substantially impairs a person’s Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL). We aimed to measure the impact of TB disease and treatment on HRQoL in Viet Nam.
Methods
This study took place in four provinces from Oct-2020 to Sep-2022. Persons initiated on TB treatment were consecutively recruited across three pathways to access care: passive case finding (NTP); active case finding (ACF); and private sector engagement (PPM). We conducted the EuroQol–5-Dimension–5-Level (EQ-5D-5L) survey during the intensive, continuation, and post-treatment phase. We described participant characteristics, assessed the survey’s psychometric properties, and calculated utility indexes using a Vietnamese value set. We reported these alongside visual analog scale (EQ-VAS) scores and EQ-5D-5L dimensions by treatment stage, care pathway and other participant characteristics. Mixed-effect Tobit models were fitted to identify relevant associations with HRQoL, which we compared to general population benchmarks.
Results
We recruited 585 participants (76% male) with a median age of 51 years. EQ-5D-5L dimensions at baseline showed that 53.8% experienced pain/discomfort and 35.0% felt anxiety/depression, while 33.8%, 30.4%, and 9.6% reported problems with carrying out usual activities, mobility, and self-care, respectively. The mean utility index was 0.83 (95% confidence interval: [0.82, 0.85]) and mean EQ-VAS was 67.1 (95%CI: [65.6, 68.6]). Post-treatment, HRQoL improved significantly on all dimensions and composite measures While utility indexes were at parity with general population benchmarks (0.90; 95%CI: [0.89, 0.92] vs. 0.91), self-reported EQ-VAS scores remained significantly lower (79.4; 95%CI: [78.1, 80.6] vs. 87.4). HRQoL was higher at baseline in the ACF versus the NTP cohorts on utility index (0.87 vs. 0.82; p = 0.003) and EQ-VAS score (70.4 vs. 65.5; p = 0.015). The EQ-5D-5L tool demonstrated moderate to high validity on Cronbach’s alpha (0.75 ≤ α ≤ 0.84) and Spearman’s rho (0.4679 ≤ ρ0 ≤ 0.5651) across treatment stages and various known groups.
Conclusion
TB significantly impairs HRQoL among affected Vietnamese people. While treatment partially remedies these impairments, they may persist post-TB. Hence, physical, psychological and social rehabilitation during and after therapy should receive more attention. We found evidence that ACF may mitigate TB-related declines in HRQoL, but tailored studies are needed to substantiate these findings.
Risk Factors for Low Back Pain after Stand-Alone Oblique Lateral Interbody Fusion (OLIF): Is Short-Term Pain the same as Long-Term Pain?
Authors: Gao Xianda , Chang Hengrui , Sun Jiayuan , Miao Dazhuang , Zhang Weiqi , Xu Jiaxin , Zhang Di 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Purpose: As a complication, low back pain (LBP) was a common source of poor clinical outcomes after Oblique Lateral Interbody Fusion (OLIF). However, little was known about LBP and its risk factors. Our purpose was to compare LBP at different periods and identified their risk factors.
Methods:106 patients who underwent stand-alone OLIF were reviewed retrospectively in the study. Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) score was used to evaluate LBP at preoperative, postoperative and last follow-up. According to LBP at different periods, the symptom was divided into short-term LBP and long-term LBP. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to identify the risk factors for LBP at different periods.
Results: There were 34 patients (32.08%) with short-term LBP and 21 patients (19.81%) with long-term LBP. Endplate injury (OR=4.041, 95% CI=1.139-14.342, p=0.031) and intervertebral height overdistraction (OR=3.628, 95% CI=1.504-8.754, p=0.004) were identified as risk factors for short-term LBP. Most of short-term LBP relieved at last follow-up with ODI 29.92±7.96 decreasing to 12.96±8.24. Cage subsidence (OR=7.188, 95% CI=2.330-22.175, p=0.001) was identified as risk factors for long-term LBP.
Conclusions: LBP was a common complication after OLIF and there were different characteristics at different period. Endplate injury and IH overdistraction were the risk factors for short-term LBP. Most of short-term LBP would relieve spontaneously with symptomatic treatment. Cage subsidence was the risk factor for long-term LBP. Patients with osteoporosis and endplate injury were more prone to suffer from cage subsidence and we suggested instrumentations were required for patients combined with the two risk factors.
Job Preferences of Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Workers: A Discrete Choice Experiment in China
Authors: Guo Yan , Nie Hanlin , Chen Hao , Nicholas Stephen , Maitland Elizabeth , Chen Sisi , Huang Lieyu , Zhang Xiumin , Shi Xuefeng 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background
The Centers for Disease Prevention and Control (CDC) in China face retention and recruit challenges, which impact the efficiency and performance of disease control and prevention. This study explores the career choice preferences of CDC workers by conducting a discrete choice experiment, which provides CDC management information and recommendations for optimizing employee retention and motivation policies.
Methods
A discrete choice experiment was conducted in nine provinces in China, where seven key job preference attributes were identified through a literature review and expert consultation to analyze the job choice preferences of CDC workers. A mixed logit model, latent class model, and a policy simulation tool were estimated.
Results
A total of 7071 respondents from 117 CDC were surveyed, with a valid sample of 5944 cases included for analysis after consistency testing. Our main findings were that all seven attributes, including income, welfare benefits, bianzhi, workload, acceptance and respect from the public, opportunities for career development, and job skill training, significantly influenced CDC workers' job choices. Heterogeneity analyses identified two main groups based on different levels of preference for the utility of attributes. Income-prioritisers were concerned with income, opportunities for career development, and welfare benefits, while bianzhi-prioritiserswere concerned with bianzhi, welfare benefits and income. The policy simulation analysis found that the income-prioritisers had relatively higher sensitivity to multiple job preference incentives.
Conclusion
Income and bianzhi were two key attributes that influence the job choice and retention preferences of CDC workers. We also identified heterogeneity in job choice preferences. We suggest providing different retention management programs and work incentive strategies based on the preference characteristics of different subgroups of CDCs workers, taking into account realistic feasibility and cost-effectiveness.
Lipoprotein profile as a predictor of type 2 diabetes with sarcopenia: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Tang Ting , Hao Junjie , Yang Qingyan , Bao Guodan , Wang Zhong-Ping 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Purpose
This study investigated the relationship between lipoprotein profiles and sarcopenia in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The objective is to provide a solid theoretical foundation and treatment strategies for clinical prevention and management of diabetes, particularly in individuals with concurrent sarcopenia.
Methods
In this study, we selected inpatients aged over 60 years diagnosed with T2DM who were admitted to the Department of Geriatrics at Qinghai University Affiliated Hospital from July 2023 to June 2024 as research subjects. We collected general patient data, including gender, age, ethnicity, height, weight, and calculated body mass index (BMI). Key indices measured included glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), apolipoproteins A and B (ApoA and ApoB), phospholipids, lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)], very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), and free fatty acids (FFA). Additionally, we assessed limb skeletal muscle mass, grip strength, walking speed, and calculated the appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (ASMI). Based on Asian diagnostic criteria for sarcopenia, patients were categorized into a non-sarcopenic group or a group with T2DM combined with sarcopenia. Baseline laboratory data along with ASMI measurements, grip strength assessments, and walking speeds were statistically analyzed for both groups.
Results
Compared with T2DM patients without sarcopenia, the levels of HbA1c, Lp(a), FFA, serum albumin, TC, TG, HDL-C, ApoA and VLDL in type 2 diabetic patients with sarcopenia were statistically significant (all P < 0.05). When multivariate adjustments were made for these clinical features, age (OR = 1.18, 95%CI: 1.11–1.25, P < 0.001), BMI (OR = 0.81, 95%CI: 0.72–0.91, P < 0.001), ApoA (OR = 0.04, 95%CI: 0.00-0.98, P = 0.048), Lp(a) > 15.5 mg/dL (OR = 3.27, 95%CI: 1.58–6.80, P = 0.001) and FFA > 0.48 g/L (OR = 4.06, 95%CI: 1.96–8.43, P < 0.001) were independent predictors of diabetes mellitus with sarcopenia. ROC curve analysis showed that free fatty acids (AUC = 0.721, 95%CI: 0.660–0.782, P < 0.001) in T2DM with sarcopenia has good predictive value judgment.
Conclusion
Age, BMI, ApoA, Lp(a), and FFA were independent predictors of T2DM with sarcopenia. Serum free fatty acids have a good predictive value in the judgment of T2DM complicated with sarcopenia.
A Cost-benefit Analysis of Basic Income Support during the Initial Stage of the AI Revolution.
Authors: Jozaghi Ehsan 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background: Recently, some jurisdictions have started experimenting with basic income support (BIS). Some of the pilot programs have been very successful in promoting better mental health and reduced drug/alcohol use, with successful results in the job markets and schools. While there have been various cost projections over the years, this is the first cost-benefit study to evaluate their efficacy.
Methods: To assess the BIS program, the benefits are estimated via the more extended life expectancy linked to mental health and substance use disorders (SUDs). This study used a mathematical model to assess the benefit-cost ratio and projected cost savings via a BIS program intervention.
Results: If BIS programs are implemented, the tangible benefits linked to potential longer life expectancy linked to mental health and SUDs will translate to CAN$1.86 x 1013. Intangible benefits generated a combined value of CAN$2.69 x 1014. When the overall cost of implementing a BIS is considered, such programs generate a benefit-to-cost ratio of 3.057 x 103: 1 for SUDs and mental health. The average value of the tangible and intangible projection based on the benefit-to-cost ratio was 1.634 x 103.
Conclusion: Billions of dollars are spent annually on the treatment of mental health and SUDs. Moreover, thousands of lives are lost to suicides, drug overdose deaths, and alcohol-related fatalities. The BIS program could provide a harm-reduction rational choice during the age of the Artificial intelligence revolution affecting the economy, culture, and democracy.
Conformational analysis of arginine methylated and di methylated and serine phosphorylated in silico
Authors: Santos Martim 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

post-translational modifications (PTMs) encompass alterations to the side chains of amino acids subsequent to their synthesis. These modifications play pivotal roles in regulating diverse cellular processes, such as kinase activation, protein degradation, and more. Additionally, they exert a significant influence on the functionality and architecture of the proteins within which these processes occur. Depending on the specific amino acid affected and its location, these modifications can contribute to the development of various diseases. Through Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations, we delve into the structural ramifications of PTMs on amino acids, exploring whether they might contribute to their deregulation. We recognize that these modifications do indeed alter the orientation of amino acids, which may play a significant role in the development of various diseases or even their initiation. Additionally, we observe PTMs also have an impact on several characteristics of amino acids, such as dipolar moment, highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO), lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO), and partial charge. This suggests that modifying these features can potentially influence factors like the stability of the amino acid or even the entire protein. Through this study, we can conclude that by adopting this approach, we can gain deeper insights into the influence of PTMs on amino acids and whether such influences can be directly linked to the development of diseases associated with PTM deregulation.
الغناء عبر مراحل تطوره وسياق جمالياته
Authors: Al-Sarraj Surwd Fuad Mohammed 
Published: December 2024

ان محور هذا البحث هو التفكير الفلسفي الجمالي في فن الغناء ومحاولة التوصل الى دلالاته وأسراره الجمالية عبرمراحل تطوره وسياقه والتعرف على ماهيته في تفسير طبيعته وقيمته ووظيفته وأثره على المتلقى. هذه الصورة المرسومة جمالياً والمتداخلة مع الحاجات الانسان المادية والجسدية مترابطة بالوعي الفني و بصورة تعكس خلق عمل فنى يوازى عملية الادراك الحسي لديه لذا لابد له ان يواكب ثلاثة مراحل التى هي بمثابة تكوين العملية الفنية وتجلياتها ففي المرحلة الاولى ( الارتقاء ) : يجب أن يشبع الانسان حتى يتفلسف ، ان يرتقي من الحياة المادية ، من حاجات الجسد ، ليتفرغ الى الحياة الفكرية ، حيث يهتم بالنواحي العقلية ، مثل القيم العليا ، الحق والخير والجمال، وفي المرحلة الثانية ( الاكتشاف ) یتم اكتشاف الجمال في الطبيعة ( في الواقع ، في الحياة ) ثم استخراجه والتمتع به كغذاء روحى ، تلك هى حال الانسان العادي، وفي المرحلة الثالثة والاخیرة والتي تسمی العملية الفنية، يأخذ الفنان الجمال فيصفه في نفسيته، ثم يعيده جمالاً مصنعاً يسمى فنا. وهذا الفن هو فعل ايمان متجدد بالقيم الاجتماعية الفكرية الانسانية التى يشعر بها الانسان كما الفنان اذ كان الانسان العادي يجهل التعبير الفني ، فالفنان هو الذى يبرز أحد أوجه الجمال في تلك القيم كاعلان تأكيد على أهميتها.
Assessing By Model Fitting Criteria and Comparing Between Stirling and Aitken Interpolation Formulas to Determine the Preferred Treatment of Choice, (Surgery) Or (Surgery with Chemotherapy), For Lung Cancer, In Kurdistan
Authors: Al-Barznji Nazeera Sedeeq , Abdullah Duaa Faiz , Kareem Rezan Sedeeq , Sedeeq Bikhal Samad 
Published: December 2024

Numerical analysis is a branch of mathematical science; Interpolation is a method in Numerical analysis used for creating a model for group of discrete data points. This paper focused on two interpolations methods [Stirling's and Aitken] in numerical analysis can use the applied mathematics, to identify the mathematical model which it is bio statistical model refers to the equation about the effect of the best type of treatment for the Lung cancer, where the Lung cancer is a dangers disease either starts in the lungs then extend to the lymphatic system or from cancer in the other part of body to the Lung.to determine the preferred treatment of lung cancer, by surgery, or surgery with chemotherapy. for this analysis data obtained from the doctor specialist in Lung cancer through ratio percentages success of treatment , and by [Stirling's and Aitken interpolation formula] we formulated, firstly two(equations) or models for (surgery with chemotherapy treatments) with the fourth and third degrees , and Secondly, another two equations for (surgery treatments ) with second degree , this confirms that surgery with chemotherapy is preferred treatment of lung cancer patients, and since the Stirling interpolation equation in the fourth degree emphasize that it is the most appropriate formula for bio-statistical analyses. by Cox and Snell R-Square in both treatments refer to good ratio and in the statistical analysis, the model fitting criteria in both analyzes the p-values emphasize the best fit of the models indicates perfect prediction. Improvement.
Rituximab in the treatment of Pembrolizumab induced Myasthenia Gravis
Authors: O’Keeffe Jessica C. , Friedman Nadia Deborah , Ayyappan Sujith 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Pembrolizumab is a monoclonal antibody programmed cell death 1 inhibitor that is an established treatment for melanoma and various lung cancers. Whilst an effective treatment option, it is known to have multiple immune related adverse events associated with its use, including neurological complications such as myasthenia gravis. Previous case reports on the treatment of Pembrolizumab induced myasthenia gravis have detailed the difficulty in managing the condition. There is increasing evidence that Rituximab, a monoclonal antibody directed at CD20 antigen B cells may be an effective treatment option for this condition. This case report outlines the successful treatment of a patient with Pembrolizumab induced myasthenia gravis who was managed with Rituximab.
Apomorphine and Domperidone Review
Authors: Mackinnon Rachael , Carroll Vincent 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Apomorphine is generally a safe and well tolerated therapy used in acute and intermittent treatment of the motor symptoms, the ‘off’ motor state in Parkinson’s disease, and there is growing evidence supporting its clinical value in non-motor symptoms. It has an excellent efficacy profile in clinical practice, though the use of the agent continues to be underutilised. One of the most common reasons of this is most likely the perception of how difficult it is to use the agent, and the management of the adverse events (AE’s). The discontinuation due to AE’s is not as common as it has been believed. Apomorphine is generally well tolerated by most patients and if AE’s do develop, they are manageable in most cases.
The objective of this literature review was to examine the body of literature regarding the risk of Electrocardiogram (ECG) changes, and cardiac arrest in apomorphine challenges; and to look for safety parameters for people commencing and continuing apomorphine therapy. There is evidence that apomorphine can prolong a QTc interval, leading to cardiac arrhythmias. During the apomorphine challenge the drug domperidone is widely used to combat the side effects of nausea and vomiting, and vasodilation side effects of postural hypotension from the apomorphine. Domperidone has also been identified and studied as a medication with risks of QTc prolongation.
The Intersection between Voluntary Assisted Dying, Suicide and Advance Care Planning in Huntington’s Disease
Authors: Hosken Ruth C 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Huntington’s Disease (HD) is a complex neurodegenerative disorder, with a life expectancy 10-20 years after symptom onset which is usually in middle age. Symptoms of HD include physical deterioration, cognitive impairment and a high incidence of suicide and suicidal ideation, which may cause intolerable suffering. While the strong association between depression and other psychiatric manifestations with suicide is discussed, this paper explores whether suicide can ever be deemed rational. By the time a person with HD reaches an advanced and terminal stage, their decisionmaking capacity will be so impaired as to make them ineligible for Voluntary Assisted Dying (VAD) under all current and proposed legislation in Australia and New Zealand. Given that Advance Care Planning (ACP) can provide an opportunity to refuse all medical treatment, except palliative treatment, could this provide an acceptable alternative to suicide and VAD? Nurses need to consider these ethical dilemmas and remain informed on the debates. They may experience moral conflict when a person wishes to discuss their view on rational suicide or seek to implement refusal of treatment in an advanced care directive. They must be aware and consider how their professional obligations and personal opinions interact with this complex topic.