bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Discovery of a Time Lag between the Soft X-Ray and Radio Emission of the Tidal Disruption Flare ASASSN-14li: Evidence for Linear Disk–Jet Coupling
Authors: Pasham Dheeraj R. , van Velzen Sjoert 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
The tidal disruption of a star by a supermassive black hole can result in transient radio emission. The electrons producing these synchrotron radio flares could either be accelerated inside a relativistic jet or externally by shocks resulting from an outflow interacting with the circumnuclear medium. Until now, evidence for the internal emission mechanism has been lacking; nearly all tidal disruption flare studies have adopted the external shock model to explain the observed properties of radio flares. Here we report a result that presents a challenge to external emission models: we discovered a cross-correlation between the soft X-ray (0.3–1 keV) and 16 GHz radio flux of the tidal disruption flare ASASSN-14li. Variability features in the X-ray light curve appear again in the radio light curve, but after a time lag of

days. This demonstrates that the soft X-ray-emitting accretion disk regulates the radio emission. This coupling appears to be inconsistent with all previous external emission models for this source but is naturally explained if the radio emission originates from a freely expanding jet. We show that emission internal to an adiabatically expanding jet can also reproduce the observed evolution of the radio spectral energy distribution. Furthermore, both the correlation between X-ray and radio luminosity as well as our radio spectral modeling imply an approximately linear coupling between the accretion rate and jet power.
Metal Deficiency in Two Massive Dead Galaxies at z ∼ 2
Authors: Morishita T. , Abramson L. E. , Treu T. , Wang X. , Brammer G. B. , Kelly P. , Stiavelli M. , Jones T. , Schmidt K. B. , Trenti M. , Vulcani B. 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
Local massive early-type galaxies are believed to have completed most of their star formation ∼10 Gyr ago and evolved without having substantial star formation since that time. If so, their progenitors should have roughly solar stellar metallicities (Z
*), comparable to their values today. We report the discovery of two lensed massive (

log

M

*

/

M

⊙

∼
11

), z ∼ 2.2 dead galaxies that appear markedly metal deficient given this scenario. Using 17-band HST+K

s
+Spitzer photometry and deep Hubble Space Telescope (HST) grism spectra from the Grism Lens Amplified Survey from Space (GLASS) and supernova (SN) Refsdal follow-up campaigns covering features near λ
rest ∼ 4000 Å, we find these systems to be dominated by A-type stars with

log

Z

*

/

Z

⊙

=
−
0.40
±
0.02

and −0.49 ± 0.03 (30%–40% solar) under standard assumptions. The second system’s lower metallicity is robust to isochrone changes, though this choice can drive the first system’s from

log

Z

*

/

Z

⊙

=
−
0.6

to 0.1. If these two galaxies are representative of larger samples, this finding suggests that evolutionary paths other than dry minor merging are required for these massive galaxies. Future analyses with direct metallicity measurements—e.g., by the James Webb Space Telescope—will provide critical insight into the nature of such phenomena.
Evaluation of Choroidal Hemangioma and Treatment With Photodynamic Therapy by Using Enhanced Depth Imaging Optical Coherence Tomography
Authors: Ozkurt Zeynep Gursel , Salimani Naziha , Demirci Hakan 
Published: March 2018

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
To evaluate enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography (EDI-OCT) features of choroidal hemangioma and changes following photodynamic therapy (PDT).

PATIENTS AND METHODS:
Retrospective review of 21 choroidal hemangiomas.

RESULTS:
On EDI-OCT, choroidal hemangioma showed low internal reflectivity in 47% of lesions and high internal reflectivity in 53%. The most common associated features were normal-looking honeycomb-like pattern in choriocapillaris in all lesions, inner segment/outer segment abnormality in 62%, photoreceptor outer segment abnormality in 62%, subretinal fluid with speckles in 62%, and shaggy photoreceptors in 57% of lesions. Internal reflectivity changed from low to high in 67% of lesions. Photoreceptor outer segment and plexiform layer abnormalities became more noticeable and shaggy photoreceptors improved.

CONCLUSION:
On EDI-OCT, choroidal hemangioma showed normal-looking honeycomb-like pattern in the choriocapillaris, subretinal fluid with speckles, and abnormalities in the photoreceptor outer segment and plexiform layers. Following PDT, the choriocapillaris became sclerotic, and photoreceptor outer segment layer abnormalities were prominent.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
. 2018;49:171–178.]
36-Month Evaluation of Intravitreous Aflibercept Injection for Wet Age-Related Macular Degeneration in Patients Previously Treated With Ranibizumab or Bevacizumab
Authors: Conti Felipe F. , Silva Fabiana Q. , Srivastava Sunil K. , Ehlers Justis P. , Schachat Andrew P. , Singh Rishi P. 
Published: March 2018

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
In the ASSESS study, patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration transitioned from other anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapies to intravitreous aflibercept (Eylea; Regeneron, Tarrytown, NY) injections (IAI). The purpose was to determine the 36-month outcomes following the change from a fixed 24-month IAI dosing regimen to a routine clinical practice regimen.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:
Patients were treated with a fixed bimonthly regimen for the first 2 years. In the third year, patients were managed according to routine clinical practice.

RESULTS:
A total of 18 patients completed the 36 months and were considered for statistical analyses. At 36 months, a nonsignificant decrease of −37.8 μm in central subfield thickness and a nonsignificant gain of 5.8 letters from baseline were observed.

CONCLUSION:
Despite the significant visual and anatomical gains observed in the 2 years of fixed-dosing IAI, there was gradual decline in these improvements when patients were transitioned to a variable regimen.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
. 2018;49:179–185.]
Appointment Compliance in Patients With Diabetic Macular Edema and Exudative Macular Degeneration
Authors: Jansen Michael E. , Krambeer Chelsey J. , Kermany Daniel S. , Waters Jana N. , Tie Wayne , Bahadorani Sepehr , Singer Julia , Comstock Jordan M. , Wannamaker Kendall W. , Singer Michael A. ,   Compliance Study Group
Published: March 2018

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
The purpose of this study is to compare cancellation and no-show rates in patients with diabetic macular edema (DME) and exudative macular degeneration (wet AMD).

PATIENTS AND METHODS:
An anonymous survey was sent to 1,726 retina specialists inquiring as to the number of appointments their patients with DME and wet AMD attended, cancelled, or did not show up for in 2014 and 2015.

RESULTS:

Data were obtained on 109,599 appointments. Patients with DME in the U.S. had a 1.591-times increased odds of cancelling or no-showing to their appointments than patients with wet AMD (
P
< .0001). Patients with DME in Europe had a 1.918-times increased odds of cancelling or no showing to their appointments than patients with wet AMD (
P
< .0001).

CONCLUSION:
Patients with DME in the U.S. and Europe cancelled and no-showed to their appointments significantly more often than patients with wet AMD. These findings can be taken into consideration when establishing treatment plans for patients with DME.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
. 2018;49:186–190.]
Cyber Bullying and Traumatic Experiences: The Impact on Learning Disabilities
Authors: Stathopoulou Agathi , Karabatzaki Zoe , Loukeris Dionisis , Mantas Panagiotis , Kokkalia Georgia , Drigas Athanasios S. 
Published: March 2018

<p class="Abstract"><em>The aim of our research is to investigate the effects of traumatic experiences that teens with learning disorders had to go through. The sample of our study is consisted of 160 high school students who were referred in a web line evaluation form, due to low school performance. The research tool that was used was ACHENBACH’s self-report questionnaire for children and teenagers and more specifically the subscales for anxiety-depression and depression-withdrawal. Frequencies, percentages of responses and means have been calculated. An analysis of variance (one way anova) to assess the differences in the averages of students' responses to the variable "experiencing a traumatic event" was also performed. The results showed that there are significant differences in the level of statistical significance p &lt;0,01 between the means of students who say they have experienced a traumatic event and those who report that they haven’t. Particularly decisive traumatic experience for the students' mentality seems to be the in-school violence received by students and the death of a loved one. Application features that have to do with the cyber bulling are also presented briefly. </em></p>
HESS Opinions: Linking Darcy's equation to the linear reservoir
Authors: Savenije Hubert H. G. 
Published: March 2018

Abstract. In groundwater hydrology, two simple linear equations exist describing the relation between groundwater flow and the
gradient driving it: Darcy's equation and the linear reservoir. Both equations are empirical and straightforward, but work
at different scales: Darcy's equation at the laboratory scale and the linear reservoir at the watershed scale. Although at
first sight they appear similar, it is not trivial to upscale Darcy's equation to the watershed scale without detailed
knowledge of the structure or shape of the underlying aquifers. This paper shows that these two equations, combined by the
water balance, are indeed identical provided there is equal resistance in space for water entering the subsurface
network. This implies that groundwater systems make use of an efficient drainage network, a mostly invisible pattern that
has evolved over geological timescales. This drainage network provides equally distributed resistance for water to access
the system, connecting the active groundwater body to the stream, much like a leaf is organized to provide all stomata
access to moisture at equal resistance. As a result, the timescale of the linear reservoir appears to be inversely
proportional to Darcy's “conductance”, the proportionality being the product of the porosity and the resistance to
entering the drainage network. The main question remaining is which physical law lies behind pattern formation in
groundwater systems, evolving in a way that resistance to drainage is constant in space. But that is a fundamental
question that is equally relevant for understanding the hydraulic properties of leaf veins in plants or of blood veins in
animals.
The Poetic Form of Voice in Chaucer's House of Fame
Authors: Lemons Andrew 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
The House of Fame has long frustrated efforts to make sense of its apparent incompleteness. This article redirects attention from the end of the poem to the relatively overlooked middle, exploring how the vision of the primal scene offered in the second book of the poem is significantly complicated by the formal feature of recurring, inverted rhyme pairs, or “circle rhymes,” which recapitulate the revolutionary theory of poetic form and voice articulated in the vision.
Health Wearables: Ensuring Fairness, Preventing Discrimination, and Promoting Equity in an Emerging Internet-of-Things Environment
Authors: Montgomery Kathryn , Chester Jeff , Kopp Katharina 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
Wearable fitness devices have the potential to address some of the most challenging public health problems in the United States. But they also raise serious privacy concerns. The data they collect can be combined with personal information from other sources, raising the specter of discriminatory profiling, manipulative marketing, and data breaches. Yet, these devices fall between the cracks of a weak health privacy and a consumer protection system in the United States. This article offers key principles and critical issues that must be considered in order to develop effective privacy, equity, and consumer protections for the emerging digital health marketplace.
How Algorithms Discriminate Based on Data They Lack: Challenges, Solutions, and Policy Implications
Authors: Williams Betsy Anne , Brooks Catherine F. , Shmargad Yotam 
Published: March 2018

AbstractOrganizations often employ data-driven models to inform decisions that can have a significant impact on people's lives (e.g., university admissions, hiring). In order to protect people's privacy and prevent discrimination, these decision-makers may choose to delete or avoid collecting social category data, like sex and race. In this article, we argue that such censoring can exacerbate discrimination by making biases more difficult to detect. We begin by detailing how computerized decisions can lead to biases in the absence of social category data and in some contexts, may even sustain biases that arise by random chance. We then show how proactively using social category data can help illuminate and combat discriminatory practices, using cases from education and employment that lead to strategies for detecting and preventing discrimination. We conclude that discrimination can occur in any sociotechnical system in which someone decides to use an algorithmic process to inform decision-making, and we offer a set of broader implications for researchers and policymakers.
Living Plants, Dead Animals, and Other Matters: Embryos and Demons in Porphyry of Tyre
Authors: Marx-Wolf Heidi 
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACT
This article uses the notion of the body as “machinic assemblage” in the works of Gilles Deleuze and Felix Guattari as a lens through which to approach the complex nature of embodiment in the work of the third-century Platonist and student of Plotinus, Porphyry of Tyre. In particular it focuses on the many assemblages Porphyry's embryonic and demonic bodies make with other beings and forces in the late ancient cosmos. It concludes that by using this lens, we are invited to shift our attention away from approaches to ancient discussions on embodiment that focus on ontology and questions of static, singular essences and organisms, and instead focus on multiplicity and becoming. This approach, the article argues, gives rise to a more nuanced and complex picture of ancient cosmological and taxonomic thinking.
Explorando modelos estadísticos para explicar la participación en protestas en Chile
Authors: Ortiz-Inostroza Camila , López Eleonora 
Published: March 2018

En la última década la acción colectiva ha adquirido un significativo protagonismo en Chile. La investigación social ha reaccionado con gran interés frente a esta situación, lo que se verifica en la profusión de estudios abocados a describir estos movimientos y comprender sus dinámicas, predominantemente utilizando estudios de casos y metodologías cualitativas. En dicho contexto, nuestro objetivo es explorar una entrada de
investigación diferente, enfocando el problema de los factores determinantes de la participación individual
en eventos de protesta, mediante el uso de metodologías cuantitativas. El análisis de datos extraídos del informe de Desarrollo Humano 2015 del PNUD, muestra los resultados obtenidos en relación al efecto de cuatro modelos sobre la participación individual en protestas: grievances, privación relativa, identidad social y movilización de recursos. Los hallazgos señalan la importancia de la participación en organizaciones, la identificación con causas sociales, con la izquierda política y el peso de la edad y el nivel educacional.
Adicionalmente, la relación entre ingresos y participación en protestas parece no ser lineal, resultando significativa en tramos de ingreso medio. Estos resultados permiten elaborar nuevas interrogantes y subrayar la utilidad de incorporar estos enfoques al campo de estudio de los movimientos sociales en Chile.
Analisis Penerapan Cost Containment pada Kasus Sectio Caesarea dengan Jaminan BPJS di RS Pemerintah XY di Kota Bogor Tahun 2016
Authors: Istianisa Nazirah , Oktamianti Puput 
Published: March 2018

AbstrakSistem pembayaran prospektif dengan paket tarif INA-CBG’s untuk kasus dengan jaminan BPJS menuntut rumah sakit agar dapat melakukan kendali biaya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai upaya Cost Containment RS XY melalui penerapan Clinical Pathway, formularium, dan struktur insentif. Studi dilakukan pada kasus Sectio Caesarea periode Januari-Maret 2016 secara kuantitatif dengan membandingkan selisih klaim BPJS dan tagihan RS serta menilai penerapan Clinical Pathway dan secara kualitatif dengan wawancara mendalam. Total Selisih yang didapat sebesar Rp.1.014.125.684,00 dengan rata-rata selisih sebesar Rp.4.899.157,89 per kasus. Didapatkan 84% kasus memiliki length of stay sesuai Clinical Pathway (CP). Dari kasus tersebut, 96% visitasi dokter sesuai, 21% penggunaan obat dan BHP sesuaidengan, 48% pemeriksaan laboratorium sesuai dengan yang ditentukan dalam CP. Formularium yang digunakan sesuai dengan formularium nasional. RS XY belum memiliki sistem evaluasi untuk menilai penerapan clinical pathway dan penggunaan obat. Struktur insentif yang digunakan adalah sistem fee-for-service pada staf medik yang tidak sesuai dengan metode pembayaran jasa medis yang prospektif. AbstractProspective payment system with INA-CBG’s fare for cases using BPJS Insurance demands hospital to control their cost. This study aims to see the cost containment in XY Hospital through the implementation of clinical pathway, drug formulary, and incentive structure. The study looked into Sectio Caesarea cases from January to March 2016, using quantitative method, comparing BPJS claim with hospital billing and assesst the implementation of clinical pathwayusing qualitative method through in depth interview. Result shows there is deficit amount of Rp.1.014.125.684,00 and the average of deficit per case is Rp.4.899.157,89. Eighty four percent of cases have length of stay in accordance with clinical pathway. From those cases, 96% has concordant doctors visit, 21% has concordant drug usage, and 48% has concordant laboratory diagnostic test. The hospital formulary uses the national formulary. It is found that XY Hospital does not have an evaluation system for clinical pathway implementation and drug usage. The incentive structure that is used is fee-for-service system which is not suitable for prospective payment method.
Perubahan Kadar Fibrinogen Plasma dan Korelasinya dengan Perubahan Kadar hs- CRP dan Aktivitas Fibrinolisis pada Sindroma Koroner Akut
Authors: Sudrajat Dedy G , Atmakusuma Djumhana , Alwi Idrus , Harimurti Kuntjoro 
Published: March 2018

Pendahuluan. Peningkatan kadar fibrinogen yang menetap merupakan faktor risiko yang kuat untuk kejadian penyakit jantung koroner (PJK). Di sisi lain peningkatan fibrinogen plasma dapat merupakan respon fase akut. Pada kondisi ini peningkatan fibrinogen plasma bukan merupakan faktor risiko PJK. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah kadar fibrinogen plasma meningkat pada fase akut dan tetap tinggi pada fase pasca akut dan mengetahui korelasi antara perubahan kadar fibrinogen plasma dengan perubahan aktivitas inflamasi dan fibrinolisis.Metode. Desain penelitian adalah studi prospektif dengan metode pengambilan sampel secara konsekutif. Pengambilan sampel fase akut untuk hs-CRP, aktivitas fibrinolisis, dan fibrinogen masing-masing diambil pada hari ke-2, 5, dan 6 pasca awitan sedangkan fase pasca akut diambil pada hari ke-13 pasca awitan. Fibrinogen diperiksa dengan metode Clauss, hs-CRP dengan metode ELISA, dan aktivitas fibrinolisis dengan metode ECLT manual. Analisis beda rerata dilakukan dengan uji t-berpasangan dengan alternatif uji wilcoxon. Analisis korelasi dengan uji Spearman.Hasil. Sampai akhir penelitian didapatkan 38 subyek sesuai kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Terdapat penurunan median kadar fibrinogen plasma pada fase pasca akut dibandingkan fase akut (415,5vs380,5mg/dL;p<0,001). Terdapat penurunan median kadar hs-CRP fase pasca akut bila dibandingkan fase akut (22,62vs13,61mg/L;p<0,001). Terdapat penurunan rata-rata ECLT pada fase pasca akut bila dibandingkan fase akut (351,18vs189,61 menit; p<0,001). Subyek dengan hiperfibrinogenemia yang menetap pada fase pasca akut adalah sebesar 52,6%. Pada kelompok ini aktivitas inflamasi 65% subyek pada fase pasca akut masih tinggi meski terdapat penurunan bermakna dibanding fase akut, sedangkan aktivitas fibrinolisis fase pasca akut pada kelompok ini menunjukkan penurunan bermakna 65% telah pada kisaran normal. Hasil uji korelasi didapatkan hasil bahwa perubahan kadar fibrinogen plasma dan perubahan kadar hs-CRP didapatkan korelasi positif yang lemah (r=0,31; p=0,049), dan antara perubahan kadar fibrinogen plasma dan ECLT merupakan korelasi positif yang lemah (r=0,359; p=0,027).Simpulan. Pada sindroma koroner akut, perubahan aktivitas fibrinolisis dan inflamasi memiliki korelasi positif lemah terhadap perubahan kadar fibrinogen. Pada kelompok dengan hiperfibrinogenemia yang menetap kadar fibrinogen pasca akut masih dominan dipengaruhi aktivitas inflamasi yang masih cukup aktif.
Analisis Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Tingginya Rujukan Kasus Non Spesialistik Pasien Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional pada Puskesmas di Kabupaten Sukabumi Tahun 2015
Authors: Alawi Masykur , Junadi Purnawan , Latifah Siti Nur 
Published: March 2018

AbstrakPuskesmas sebagai garda terdepan dalam pelayanan kesehatan dasar diharuskan menuntaskan kasus-kasus non spesialistik. Namun, data laporan BPJS Kesehatan pada tahun 2015 menunjukkaan adanya 11.487 rujukan kasus non spesialistik dari 58 Puskesmas di Kabupaten Sukabumi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan tingginya rujukan kasus non spesialistik pasien JKN pada puskesmas di Kabupaten Sukabumi tahun 2015. Penelitian menggunakan desain cross sectional, pada sampel 58 Puskesmas dengan satu orang dokter dari setiap Puskesmas dengan menggunakan whole sampling. Hasil analisis data didapatkan ada hubungan antara wilayah (nilai p=0,000); kecukupan obat (nilai p=0,040);kecukupan alat kesehatan (nilai p=0,024) dan jarak puskesmas (nilai p=0,003) dengan rujukan kasus non spesialistik. Perlu adanya pemenuhan obat-obatan, alat kesehatan sesuai standar Puskesmas dan monitoring dan evaluasi rujukan kasus non spesialistik dari Puskesmas dan BPJS Kesehatan. AbstractPublic Health Center is the frontline in the basic health services that include non-specialist cases to be solved in this primary health care level. However, a report from BPJS Kesehatan in 2015 showed that there were 11.487 referral of non-specialist cases in Primary Health Cares (PHCs) in Sukabumi. This study was to determine factors associated with high referral rate of National Health Insurance’s members with non-specialist cases by PHCs in Sukabumi in 2015. The study employed cross-sectional design in 58 PHCs along with a general practitioner in each centers using a whole sampling. The result showed that there were correlation between characteristics of the region (P=0,000); adequacy of drug (P=0,040); adequacy of medical devices (P=0,024); and distance from the PHCs to the referral health care facilities (P=0,003) with non-specialist cases referral rate. It is recommended for the PHCs to meet the needs of drugs, medical devices according to the standard, monitor and evaluate the non-specialist referral cases, both from health centers and the Social Security Agency for Health of Sukabumi.