bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluating Unconscious Bias: Speaker Introductions at an International Oncology Conference
Authors: Duma Narjust , Durani Urshila , Woods Cynthia B. , Kankeu Fonkoua Lionel A. , Cook Joselle M. , Wee Christopher , Fuentes Harry E. , Gonzalez-Velez Miguel , Murphy Martina C. , Jain Shikha , Marshall Ariela L. , Graff Stephanie L. , Knoll Miriam A. 
Published: October 2019

PURPOSE In a professional setting, the introduction of female speakers without their professional title may have an impact on the public’s perception of the female speaker. We examined how professional titles were used during speakers’ introductions at the ASCO Annual Meeting. METHODS We conducted a retrospective, observational study of video-archived speaker introductions at the 2017 and 2018 ASCO Annual Meetings. A “professional address” was defined as the professional title followed by the speaker’s full name or last name. Multivariable logistic regressions were used to identify factors associated with the form of address. RESULTS Of 2,511 videos reviewed, 781 met inclusion criteria. Female speakers were addressed less often by their professional title compared with male speakers (62% v 81%; P < .001). Males were less likely to use a professional address when introducing female speakers compared with females when introducing male speakers (53% v 80%; P < .01). When women performed speaker introductions, no gender differences in professional address were observed (75% v 82%; P = .13). Female speakers were more likely to be introduced by first name only (17% v 3%; P < .001). Male introducers were more likely to address female speakers by first name only compared with female introducers (24% v 7%; P < .01). In a multivariable regression including gender, degree, academic rank, and geographic location of the speaker’s institution, male speakers were more likely to receive a professional address compared with female speakers (odds ratio, 2.43; 95% CI, 1.71 to 3.47; P < .01). CONCLUSION When introduced by men, female speakers were less likely to receive a professional address and more likely to be introduced by first name only compared with their male peers.
Response to Immunotherapy in Combination With Mitotane in Patients With Metastatic Adrenocortical Cancer
Authors: Head Lia , Kiseljak-Vassiliades Katja , Clark Toshimasa J , Somerset Hilary , King Jonathan , Raeburn Christopher , Albuja-Cruz Maria , Weyant Michael , Cleveland Joseph , Wierman Margaret E , Leong Stephen 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare orphan disease with a dismal prognosis. Surgery remains the first-line treatment, but most patients eventually develop metastatic disease. Mitotane is often used with chemotherapy with modest success. Little information is available concerning the efficacy of immunotherapy in combination with mitotane. We conducted a retrospective review of our initial six patients with metastatic ACC, for whom mitotane alone or with chemotherapy failed, and who were subsequently treated with a combination of pembrolizumab and mitotane, between July 2016 and March 2019. Imaging was analyzed per Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumours 1.1 criteria. Two patients had a partial response and four patients had stable disease (8 to 19 months). One patient had grade 3 hepatitis and pembrolizumab was discontinued after 8 months. She died with disease progression 16 months after initiating pembrolizumab. One patient developed brain metastasis after 19 months of treatment and was transitioned to hospice. One patient had focal pneumonitis after 18 months of treatment, and pembrolizumab was discontinued. Three remaining patients continue pembrolizumab plus mitotane at the time of this writing. The current standard of care for ACC is a combination of etoposide, doxorubicin, cisplatin, and mitotane with an overall survival of 14.8 months. All six patients lived for at least 16 months after starting pembrolizumab added to mitotane therapy. The therapy appeared to be effective in both microsatellite instability-high and microsatellite stable tumors, suggesting some synergistic effect with mitotane. Combined immunotherapy and mitotane should be considered in future clinical trials in patients with ACC.
Goal-Directed Fluid Therapy Does Not Improve Early Glomerular Filtration Rate in a Porcine Renal Transplantation Model
Authors: Eriksen Jonathan Kunisch , Nielsen Lise H. , Moeslund Niels , Keller Anna K. , Krag Søren , Pedersen Michael , Pedersen Jens Aage K. , Birn Henrik , Jespersen Bente , Norregaard Rikke 
Published: October 2019

BACKGROUND:
Insufficient fluid administration intra- and postoperatively may lead to delayed renal graft function (DGF), while fluid overload increases the risk of heart failure, infection, and obstipation. Several different fluid protocols have been suggested to ensure optimal fluid state. However, there is a lack of evidence of the clinical impact of these regimens. This study aimed to determine whether individualized goal-directed fluid therapy (IGDT) positively affects the initial renal function compared to a high-volume fluid therapy (HVFT) and to examine the effects on renal endothelial glycocalyx, inflammatory and oxidative stress markers, and medullary tissue oxygenation. The hypothesis was that IGDT improves early glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in pigs subjected to renal transplantation.

METHODS:
This was an experimental randomized study. Using a porcine renal transplantation model, animals were randomly assigned to receive IGDT or HVFT during and until 1 hour after transplantation from brain-dead donors. The kidneys were exposed to 18 hours of cold ischemia. The recipients were observed until 10 hours after reperfusion, which included GFR measured as clearance of chrom-51-ethylendiamintetraacetat (51Cr-EDTA), animal weight, and renal tissue oxygenation by fiber optic probes. The renal expression of inflammatory and oxidative stress markers as well as glomerular endothelial glycocalyx were analyzed in the graft using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique and immunofluorescence.

RESULTS:
Twenty-eight recipient pigs were included for analysis. We found no evidence that IGDT improved early GFR compared to HVFT (P = .45), while animal weight increased more in the HVFT group (a mean difference of 3.4 kg [1.96–4.90]; P < .0001). A better, however nonsignificant, preservation of glomerular glycocalyx (P = .098) and significantly lower levels of the inflammatory marker cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) was observed in the IGDT group when compared to HVFT. COX-2 was 1.94 (1.50–2.39; P = .012) times greater in the HVFT group when compared to the IGDT group. No differences were observed in outer medullary tissue oxygenation or oxidative stress markers.

CONCLUSIONS:
IGDT did not improve early GFR; however, it may reduce tissue inflammation and could possibly lead to preservation of the glycocalyx compared to HVFT.
Pan-cancer repository of validated natural and cryptic mRNA splicing mutations
Authors: Shirley Ben C. , Mucaki Eliseos J. , Rogan Peter K. 
Published: October 2019

We present a major public resource of mRNA splicing mutations validated according to multiple lines of evidence of abnormal gene expression. Likely mutations present in all tumor types reported in the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) were identified based on the comparative strengths of splice sites in tumor versus normal genomes, and then validated by respectively comparing counts of splice junction spanning and abundance of transcript reads in RNA-Seq data from matched tissues and tumors lacking these mutations. The comprehensive resource features 341,486 of these validated mutations, the majority of which (69.9%) are not present in the Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Database (dbSNP 150). There are 131,347 unique mutations which weaken or abolish natural splice sites, and 222,071 mutations which strengthen cryptic splice sites (11,932 affect both simultaneously). 28,812 novel or rare flagged variants (with <1% population frequency in dbSNP) were observed in multiple tumor tissue types. An algorithm was developed to classify variants into splicing molecular phenotypes that integrates germline heterozygosity, degree of information change and impact on expression. The classification thresholds were calibrated against the ClinVar clinical database phenotypic assignments. Variants are partitioned into allele-specific alternative splicing, likely aberrant and aberrant splicing phenotypes. Single variants or chromosome ranges can be queried using a Global Alliance for Genomics and Health (GA4GH)-compliant, web-based Beacon “Validated Splicing Mutations” either separately or in aggregate alongside other Beacons through the public Beacon Network, as well as through our website. The website provides additional information, such as a visual representation of supporting RNAseq results, gene expression in the corresponding normal tissues, and splicing molecular phenotypes.
The Noetic Experience and Belief Scale: A validation and reliability study
Authors: Wahbeh Helané , Yount Garret , Vieten Cassandra , Radin Dean , Delorme Arnaud 
Published: October 2019

Background: Belief in the paranormal is widespread worldwide. Recent surveys suggest that subjective experiences of the paranormal are common. A concise instrument that adequately evaluates beliefs as distinct from experiences does not currently exist. To address this gap, we created the Noetic Experiences and Beliefs Scale (NEBS) which evaluates belief and experience as separate constructs. Methods: The NEBS is a 20-item survey with 10 belief and 10 experience items rated on a visual analog scale from 0-100. In an observational study, the survey was administered to 361 general population adults in the United States and a subsample of 96 one month later. Validity, reliability and internal consistency were evaluated. A confirmatory factor analysis was conducted to confirm the latent variables of belief and experience. The survey was then administered to a sample of 646 IONS Discovery Lab participants to evaluate divergent validity and confirm belief and experience as latent variables of the model in a different population. Results: The NEBS demonstrated convergent validity, reliability and internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha Belief 0.90; Experience 0.93) and test-retest reliability (Belief: r = 0.83; Experience: r = 0.77). A confirmatory factor analysis model with belief and experience as latent variables demonstrated a good fit. The factor model was confirmed as having a good fit and divergent validity was established in the sample of 646 IONS Discovery Lab participants. Conclusions: The NEBS is a short, valid, and reliable instrument for evaluating paranormal belief and experience.
Adhesive systems effect over bond strength of resin-infiltrated and de/remineralized enamel
Authors: Borges Alessandra Buhler , Abu Hasna Amjad , Matuda Amanda Guedes Nogueira , Lopes Stephanie Ribeiro , Mafetano Ana Paula Valente Pinho , Arantes Aline , Duarte Angélica Ferreira , Barcellos Daphne Camara , Torres Carlos Rocha Gomes , Pucci Cesar Rogério 
Published: October 2019

Background:The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of different bonding agents on bond-strength to demineralized enamel after remineralizing treatments and resin infiltration.Methods:Buccal enamel of 120 bovine incisors was polished and then were divided into five experimental groups: SE (sound enamel); DE (demineralized enamel); AS (demineralized enamel immersed in artificial saliva for eight weeks); NaF (demineralized enamel treated with 0.05% sodium fluoride solution (one minute) for eight weeks); Ic (demineralized enamel infiltrated with a low-viscosity resin (Icon-DGM). These groups were subdivided according to adhesive system used: self-etching adhesive Adper Easy One (3M/ESPE) and etch-and-rinse adhesive Single Bond (3M/ESPE). The composite resin blocks were fabricated using a Teflon matrix. A thermomechanical cycling machine was used to carry out the artificial aging of the specimens and thus were sectioned into sticks. The microtensile tests were performed using a universal testing machine at a cross-head speed of 1 mm/min. Data (in MPa) were subjected to two-way ANOVA and Tukey’s tests (5%).Results: Significant differences were found for both factors tested and interactions (p<0.05). Tukey’s test results of µTBS (mean ± SD) were: etch-and-rinse SE (28.79±3.93); DE (30.41±7.22); AS (29.03±3.33); NaF (29.81±4.06)a; Ic (29.47±5.5); and self-etching SE (30.37±6.96); DE (14.62±4.47); AS (9.79±2.32); NaF (9.36±2.31); Ic (30.78±8.68). Conclusions:Resin infiltration did not affect the bond strength of demineralized enamel for both adhesive systems tested. For etch-and-rinse adhesive, no differences were observed for the tested groups. For self-etching adhesive, only the resin-infiltrated group showed similar bond strength to sound enamel. Both etch-and-rinse and self-etching adhesive systems can be used in resin-infiltrated enamel, if a composite restoration needs to be further performed. In enamel that has undergone the de/remineralization process, the use of a total-etch adhesive might be preferable for the restorative procedure.
Factors influencing participation in controlled human infection models: a pooled analysis from six enteric fever studies
Authors: Oguti Blanche , Gibani Malick , Darlow Christopher , Waddington Claire S , Jin Celina , Plested Emma , Campbell Danielle , Jones Claire , Darton Tom C , Pollard Andrew J 
Published: October 2019

Background: Enteric fever is an acute febrile-illness caused by infection with the human-restricted Salmonella serovars Typhi and Paratyphi. Controlled human infection models (CHIM) of S. Typhi and Paratyphi infection are used to accelerate vaccine development and to better understand host-pathogen interactions. The primary motivations for participants to take part in these studies are unknown. We studied participant motivations, attitudes and the factors influencing CHIM study participation. Methods: Participant surveys were nested in six enteric fever CHIM studies conducted at a single centre in Oxford, UK, between 2011 and 2017. All eligible participants received one invitation to complete an anonymous, self-administered paper or online survey on either day 28 or 60 after challenge. A descriptive analysis was performed on these pooled data. All studies were included, to minimize selection bias. Results: Survey response rates varied from 33.0%-86.1%, yielding 201 participants. In the cohort, 113/198(57.0%) were educated to bachelor’s level, 61.6% were employed, 30.3% were students and 4.6% were unemployed. The most commonly cited motivations for CHIM study participation were a desire to contribute to the progression of medicine (170/201; 84.6%); the prospect of financial reimbursement (166/201; 82.6%) and curiosity about clinical trials (117/201; 57.2%). The majority of respondents (139/197; 70.6%) reported that most people advised them against participation. Conclusion: Motivation to participate in a CHIM study was multi-factorial and heavily influenced by internal drivers beyond monetary reimbursement alone. High educational attainment and employment may be protective factors against financial inducement; however, further research is needed, particularly with CHIM studies expanding to low-income and middle-income countries.
Induksi pemijahan ikan wader pari (Rasbora argyrotaenia) menggunakan Ovaprim TM dengan dosis berbeda
Authors: Ningrum Dwi Retna Kumala , Budi Darmawan Setia , Sulmartiwi Laksmi 
Published: October 2019

Abstract. Silver rasbora (Rasbora argyrotaenia) has become one of the freshwater culture commodities that have high economic value. Research on the use of Ovaprim™ to the induction of spawning of silver rasbora needs to be done as an effort to develop the technology of fish hatchery. This study aims to determine the effect of using Ovaprim™ and its optimal dosage on the induction of silver rasbora spawning. This research was conducted at the Wet Laboratory Airlangga University Banyuwangi campus in March to May 2018. Ovaprim ™ was applicated using intramuscular injection method following the treatment design was used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 5 replications namely P0: Without Ovaprim ™ (control); P1: dose of 0,3 mL /kg fish weight; P2: dose of 0,5 mL/kg fish weight; P3: dose of 0,7 mL/kg weight of fish. The parameters observed in this study were fecundity, egg diameter, fertilization rate, hatching rate and larval survival rate. Induction of silver rasbora spawning using Ovaprim ™ has an effect on fecundity and fertilization rate but has no effect on hatching rate, survival rate and egg diameter. The optimal dose of Ovaprim ™ on the induction of spawning of silver rasbora is 0,7 mL/kg weight of fish with the highest fecundity value compared to other treatments.Keywords: fecundity, egg diameter, hatching rate, survival rate Abstrak. Ikan wader pari (Rasbora argyrotaenia) telah menjadi salah satu komoditas budidaya air tawar yang memiliki nilai ekonomis tinggi. Penelitian mengenai penggunaan Ovaprim™ dalam induksi pemijahan ikan wader pari perlu dilakukan sebagai upaya pengembangan teknologi pembenihan ikan tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan Ovaprim™ dan menentukan dosis optimalnya pada induksi pemijahan ikan wader pari. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Laboratorium Basah PSDKU Universitas Airlangga Banyuwangi pada bulan Maret sampai Mei 2018. Aplikasi Ovaprim™ menggunakan metode injeksi intramuskular mengikuti desain perlakuan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 4 perlakuan dan 5 ulangan yaitu P0 : Tanpa pemberian Ovaprim™ (kontrol), P1 : dosis 0,3 mL/kg bobot ikan, P2 : dosis 0,5 mL/kg bobot ikan, P3 : dosis 0,7 mL/kg bobot ikan. Parameter yang diamati dalam penelitian ini adalah fekunditas, diameter telur, derajat fertilisasi, derajat penetasan telur dan tingkat kelangsungan hidup larva. Induksi pemijahan ikan wader pari menggunakan Ovaprim™ memberikan pengaruh terhadap fekunditas dan derajat fertilisasi namun tidak memiliki pengaruh terhadap derajat penetasan telur, tingkat kelangsungan dan diameter telur. Dosis optimal Ovaprim™ pada induksi pemijahan ikan wader pari yaitu 0,7 mL/ kg bobot ikan dengan nilai fekunditas tertinggi dibanding perlakuan lainnya. Kata kunci: fekunditas, diameter telur, derajat penetasan telur, tingkat kelangsungan hidup
Apprendre à regarder pour voir
Authors: Houdé Joëlle , Claeys Damien 
Published: October 2019

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Citation : Joëlle Houdé et Damien Claeys, "Apprendre à regarder pour voir", lieuxdits#1, UCLouvain - Louvain-la-Neuve : Faculté LOCI, juin 2011, pp.13-17.
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SISTEMA ÚNICO DE SAÚDE VERSUS JUDICIALIZAÇÃO DA SAÚDE NO BRASIL
Authors: Oliveira Anselmo Gomes de , Silveira Damaris 
Published: October 2019

De acordo com o Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE), a população brasileira, em 2019, é estimada em mais de 210 milhões depessoas, que estão distribuídas, de forma muito heterogênea, em uma área de mais de 8,5 milhões Km2. Dessa forma, a saúde pública no Brasil constitui um cenário bastante complexo, no que se refere ao acesso da população ao serviço e ao número de profissionais de Saúde, principalmente em áreas mais remotas e comunidades menos assistidas.
LEVANTAMENTO DOS FITOTERÁPICOS COMERCIALIZADOS EM UMA FARMÁCIA DO MUNICÍPIO DE CERRO LARGO, RS, BRASIL E INFORMAÇÕES TERAPÊUTICAS DAS PRINCIPAIS ESPÉCIES VEGETAIS ATIVAS
Authors: Da Silva Elisa , Francescato Leandro Nicolodi 
Published: October 2019

O objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar o levantamento dos fitoterápicos industrializados e magistrais mais comercializados em uma Farmácia, do município de Cerro Largo, RS, e buscar as informações terapêuticasdas espécies vegetais ativas presentes nos principais produtos. Para isto, foi realizado o levantamento retrospectivo de vendas dos produtos fitoterápicos industrializados e magistrais, comercializados no ano de2016. Durante o período avaliado foram dispensadas 986 unidades de fitoterápicos industrializados, compreendendo 57 tipos de produtos e produzidas 144 unidades de fitoterápicos magistrais, compreendendo 8 tipos de produtos (1,74% e 1,5% do valor líquido de vendas de medicamentos industrializados e produtos manipulados, respectivamente). Dezoito espécies vegetais estiveram mais presentes nos produtos industrializados comercializados, representando 91,3% do total de unidades comercializadas; 5 espécies estiveram mais presentes na produção magistral, representando 89,6% do total de unidades manipuladas. A comercialização de fitoterápicos era pequena e a maior parte dos produtos comercializados concentravam-se em poucas espécies vegetais. Assim, neste trabalho, foram compiladas as informações terapêuticas das 21 espécies vegetais ativas principais. Muitas delas apresentam importantes efeitos adversos, contraindicações e interações, sendo estas informações de suma importância para a orientação do farmacêutico aos usuários quanto ao uso correto e adequado dos produtos fitoterápicos.