bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CBCT Analysis of the Hyoid and Pharyngeal Airway Changes in Class III Patients With Orthognathic Surgery
Authors: Chen Si‐Mai , Cai Hua‐Yang , Yan Xing‐Zhi , Ni Jie‐Li , Wang Li‐Ran , Cai Chen‐Jie , Cai Qi , Wan Dong‐Dong , Qian Ya‐Jing , Fang Wei‐Wen , Lei Fan , Zhang Yang , Guo Shu‐Yu , Mossey Peter A. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTAimThis study was designed to investigate the response of the respiratory structures to orthognathic surgery in patients with Class III malocclusion, with a specific emphasis on the vertical placement of the hyoid bone. The correlations of these changes were also analysed, followed by further subgroup analyses based on preoperative conditions.Materials and MethodsDolphin software was used to obtain cephalometric landmarks, airway and hyoid bone measurements from pre‐ and postoperative CBCT scans of 31 patients. Statistical analyses included paired t‐tests and Pearson's correlation analysis.ResultsStomatological mandibular values and the nasopharynx height showed significant changes. Pearson's correlation identified significant correlations between changes in B and H horizontal coordinates (p < 0.05), as well as between changes in H longitudinal coordinates and specific airway dynamics (p < 0.05). Patients with a lower preoperative hyoid position experienced a more pronounced decrease in hypopharyngeal airway volume after surgery compared to those with a higher preoperative hyoid position, as evidenced by the significant mean differences and p values (p < 0.01).ConclusionsClass III patients experienced airway constriction following orthognathic surgery, particularly those with a lower preoperative hyoid bone position, who showed a more significant decrease in hypopharyngeal airway volume postsurgery compared to those with a higher preoperative hyoid position. These findings underscored the importance of individualised surgical planning and highlighted the need for further research with dynamic assessments to optimise respiratory outcomes.
Integrated transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses uncover the key pathways of Limonium bicolor in response to salt stress
Authors: Zhu Zhihui , Zhou Yuqing , Liu Xiuyue , Meng Fanxia , Xu Chenhan , Chen Min 
Published: December 2024

SummarySalinity significantly inhibits plant growth and development. While the recretohalophyte Limonium bicolor can reduce its ion content by secreting salt, the metabolic pathways it employs to adapt to high salt stress remain unclear. This study aims to unravel this enigma through integrated transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses of L. bicolor under salt stress conditions. The results showed that compared to the control (S0), low salt treatment (S1) led to a significant increase in plant growth, photosynthesis efficiency and antioxidant enzyme activity but caused no significant changes in organic soluble substance and ROS contents. However, high salt treatments (S3 and S4) led to a significant decrease in plant growth, photosynthesis efficiency and antioxidant enzyme activity, accompanied by a significant increase in organic soluble substance and ROS contents. A significant increase in phenolic compounds, such as caffeoyl shikimic acid and coniferin, upon the treatments of S1, S3 and S4, and a decrease and increase in flavonoids upon the treatments of S1 and S3 were also observed, respectively. This study also demonstrated that the expression patterns of key genes responsible for the biosynthesis of these metabolites are consistent with the observed trends in their accumulation levels. These results suggest that under low salt stress conditions, the halophyte L. bicolor experiences minimal osmotic and oxidative stress. However, under high salt stress conditions, it suffers severe osmotic and oxidative stress, and the increase in organic soluble substances and flavonoids serves as a key response to these stresses and also represents a good strategy for the alleviation of them.
Death of the paediatric manikin: a scoping review
Authors: Apara Teleireoluwa , Hogan Tom , Peterson Jennifer L H 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionWhether the manikin should die in simulation training is a controversial area, with some educators stating that manikin death is essential in providing realistic training, while others state that the psychological burden of manikin death could derail learning and impair psychological safety. This scoping review aims to explore the existing literature regarding death of the manikin in paediatric and neonatal simulation education.MethodsThe literature was searched for publications regarding paediatric and/or neonatal manikin death in simulation training. The same search strategy was used across MEDLINE (OVID), Embase (OVID), CINAHL (EBSCO) and PsycInfo (OVID) databases. Articles were screened against predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria.Results810 articles were identified. 807 were excluded (duplicates/did not meet criteria). Three articles were suitable for inclusion in the final review. Included studies were analysed using an inductive thematic analysis approach.ConclusionsThere is a paucity of research in this important area of simulation training. From the limited research available, the following themes were identified: death of the paediatric manikin can increase scenario realism; participation in paediatric manikin death scenarios was not more stressful than participating in standard simulation; and the debrief has a crucial role in mitigating the potentially negative impacts of paediatric manikin death for learners.Death of the paediatric and neonatal manikin can provide a beneficial educational experience for participants but requires considered and experienced facilitation.
The Relationship Between Second Language Grit and Academic Achievement Among Chinese International Students: The Mediating Effect of Learning Engagement
Authors: He Lin , Pan Tao , Lu Haili , Yu Hao , Cui Jinming 
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Grit is a crucial predictive factor for language learners to successfully master a second language (L2).Method: Through random sampling, data analysis, and establishing structural equation models, this study explores the relationship between the grit level and academic achievements of international students in China, as well as the mediating effects of learning engagement factors (N = 186).Results: (1) The demographic manifestations of L2‐Grit and academic achievements are significantly different, and perseverance of effort, consistency of interests, and learning engagement are all positively correlated with academic achievements; (2) within learning engagement, behavioral engagement and cognitive engagement play partial mediating roles between L2‐Grit and academic achievements, while emotional engagement does not produce a mediating effect; (3) the grit and learning engagement of Chinese language learners have an absolute predictive effect on academic achievements, and lack of engagement negatively affects academic achievements. From the perspective of positive psychology, the study confirms the importance of L2‐Grit, behavioral engagement, and cognitive engagement in enhancing academic achievements, providing more scientifically effective strategies and guidance for L2 teaching. It is suggested that future research includes factors such as cognitive load to further explore the functioning mechanisms of grit.
The Image of Africa and Black Africans through the Translations of Heart of Darkness
Authors: Acar Alpaslan 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The effects of translators’ personal lexical preferences on the perception of source texts are widely discussed descriptively, yet less researched experimentally. This article explores Joseph Conrad’s lexical choices and racist implications in presenting Africa and the fictional representation of black Africans. The study also questions whether Turkish translators manipulated the perception of Turkish expert readers through their lexical choices while presenting a fictional representation of black Africans to Turkish readers. To this end, 23 excerpts with racial overtones from the novella, Heart of Darkness, were examined and compared with corresponding excerpts from two translated Turkish versions of Heart of Darkness. Text-specific excerpts related to the representation of Africa and that of the African natives were selected. To avoid researcher bias, the judgements of seven experts in English Literature and/or Translation Studies were gained in the selection and analysis of the excerpts. The findings were analysed quantitatively and qualitatively. The results showed that the different translation strategies used by each of translators significantly affected the perception of the target readership. Also, it was found that translators are not passive receptors of source texts but rather serve as game-changers in manipulating the effect of the source text on the target readership in the case of racial overtones.
Scholarship with a Purpose: Frontiers of Gender Equality Pushes the Boundaries for Students and Scholars Alike
Authors: Petersen Carole J. , Atanasio Kate 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This review article critiques Frontiers of Gender Equality: Transnational Legal Perspectives, edited by Rebecca J Cook. Composed of chapters centred on advancing gender equality, Frontiers differs from the typical edited collection because the authors worked collaboratively and shared a common purpose. They are all strongly committed to substantive equality (as opposed to formal equality) and recognise the importance of addressing intersectional discrimination. In their respective chapters the authors expand the discourse surrounding gender equality law by envisioning transformative approaches to righting gendered wrongs in domestic, regional and international human rights systems. While the collection is certainly valuable for scholars and legal practitioners, this review article considers its value for a different audience – that of graduate students in law and gender studies. Because the book is far more structured and unified than the typical edited collection, it could serve as a foundational textbook for an advanced comparative course on gender equality and the law. This review article – authored by a professor and a law student – analyses the book’s considerable strengths as a textbook. However, it also identifies certain weaknesses and suggests supplementary materials, in order to provide better coverage of the Asia-Pacific region.
City of Traders: Urbanization, Social Change, and Territorial Control in Medieval Fardowsa (Central Somaliland)
Authors: de Torres Rodríguez Jorge , González-Ruibal Alfredo , Fernández Manuel Antonio Franco , de la Torre García Adrián , Yravedra Sainz de los Terreros José , Lesur Josephine 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This paper presents the results of the research conducted at the site of Fardowsa, a medieval town located in a strategic trade route in Central Somaliland. The excavations and surveys conducted at the site have confirmed the role of Fardowsa as a trading center between the 14th and 16th centuries, and have revealed the existence of privileged households within the site, with differential access to imports and livestock. The combination of data collected in Fardowsa makes this site the best-studied town in Somaliland for this period, and provides key information to help understand the process of emergence, development and abandonment of permanent settlements in this region of the Horn of Africa.
The Influence of the International Right to Adequate Housing in Ireland and Spain
Authors: Nic Shuibhne Emma N. , Quintiá-Pastrana Andrei 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This article investigates and compares the influence of the international right to housing in Ireland and Spain, through the use of the functional comparative method. As part of this comparison, we created a set of indicators that aimed to identify evidence of the direct and indirect influence of the international right to housing on actions carried out at the national level to protect against evictions. In applying this method, we focus on three branches of state (the legislative, executive and judiciary) and civil society actors. Our analysis identifies instances of direct and indirect influence on actors in both countries and compares these results. We conclude that evidence of indirect influence is often more common than evidence of direct influence. We suggest this indirect influence may illustrate the role that the international right to housing may play behind the scenes in creating domestic eviction protections.
Editing and Printing Hadith Literature in Nineteenth-Century India: Aḥmad ʿAlī Sahāranpūrī and the Maṭbaʿ-i Aḥmadī Press
Authors: Zaman Muntasir 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
From manuscripts to various types of printing, the production of written knowledge has undergone drastic changes since the nineteenth century. What impact did this transitionary period have on hadith manuscripts, which enjoyed a complex textual tradition spanning centuries? Through a case study of the North Indian hadith scholar Aḥmad ʿAlī Sahāranpūrī (d. 1880) and his printing press, Maṭbaʿ-i Aḥmadī, this article contributes to the burgeoning scholarship on early-modern editorial practices. Focusing on the use of lithographic printing in nineteenth-century India, this study examines how Sahāranpūrī employed editorial techniques to print hadith literature that paralleled other prolific printing hubs like Cairo while also preserving the distinctive premodern characteristics of these texts. Moreover, this article will showcase the broader editorial trends in India at the time vis-à-vis hadith literature with a focus on what set Sahāranpūrī’s work apart from that of his fellow Indian editors.
Deleuze, Guattari, Khôra, and the Taiji Diagram
Authors: Zhang Peter 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
French philosopher, Gilles Deleuze, interprets khôra as a screen that has cosmological, genealogical, and psychological significances. Khôra is the womb of all that comes to be and becomes, including yin and yang, which are two modes of the life impulse and the two conspicuous elements of the Taiji Diagram. The ‘S’ line between yin and yang is a khôra or a sieve that ensures intercommunication and counter-dependence between yin and yang and that keeps the system dynamic, entropy-defying, playful, and vital. Deleuze’s interpretation of the Bergsonian notion of differentiation reveals the rationale of the Taiji Diagram, even if it is not his intention to do so. The outer boundary of the Taiji Diagram is the originary khôra that mediates between chaos and cosmos and that gives impetus to and sustains the process of chaosmosis, which has both cosmological and psychological implications. For Félix Guattari, chaosmosis indicates the process of subjectivation. The interruption of the process hinders the singularization and renewal of subjectivity and impairs psychological health. Therein lies the gist of Guattari’s book, Chaosmosis. The article belongs to the growing literature on khôralogy (a.k.a. chorology) and interology.
Shedding Light on Falls: The Effect of Lighting Levels on Fall Risk in Long-Term Residential Care Facilities
Authors: Emad Yasaman , Neef Sonja P. , Taylor Lynne , Kerse Ngaire , Cavadino Alana , Moyes Simon A. , Comber Kate , Wu Xiaojing S. , Molloy Janine , Bacon Catherine J. 
Published: December 2024

To compare lighting levels in care facilities with local recommendations and determine their cross-sectional association with fall rate, we recruited residents ( n = 126) from 12 long-term care facilities (mean ± SD age 85.1 ± 7.9 years; 64.3% female). Lighting levels were measured at different times in various areas within facilities, according to each resident’s movements and habitual use of light. Lighting fell short of focused activity recommendations in 57.7% of bedrooms and 68.5% of bathrooms (bathing and toileting areas); 22.8% and 41.9%, respectively, were also below general activity recommendations. Lower bedroom and overall lighting correlated with higher fall rates (all p < .05). Covariate-adjusted negative binomial models showed lighting in dining rooms (incidence rate ratio [IRR] = 0.92 (95% CI 0.87–0.98; p = .005) for 100 lux increase), bathrooms (IRR = 0.87 [0.78–0.98]; p = .016), and overall (IRR = 0.91 [0.83–1.00]; p = .03–.04) predicted lower fall rates. Areas used by care facility residents commonly have lower than recommended lighting levels, which increases fall risk.
Outcomes for older patients with subarachnoid haemorrhage who require admission to an Australian intensive care unit
Authors: Sharman Jeremy , Turner Natasha , Karahalios Amalia , Sansom Ben , Deane Adam M , Plummer Mark P 
Published: December 2024

Background: Advanced age is an independent risk factor for poor outcomes following aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH). However, Australian data are lacking. Our aim was to evaluate outcomes for older patients admitted to an Australian intensive care unit for management of aneurysmal SAH. Methods: We conducted a single centre retrospective observational study looking at adult patients admitted with aneurysmal SAH to an Intensive Care Unit (ICU) over a 10-year period. Patients were grouped by age; <70 years, 70–79 years, ⩾80 years, and were of sufficient complexity to be unsuitable for our neurosurgical high-dependency unit. The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality. Secondary outcomes were ICU and hospital length of stay, and discharge destination. Results: Of 372 patients admitted to ICU with aneurysmal SAH, 302 (82%) were younger (<70 years), 46 (12%) were septuagenarians and 24 (6%) were octogenarians. There were no differences between clinical or radiological grade of aneurysmal SAH between age cohorts. When compared to the patients younger than 70 years, there was increased odds of dying for those 70–79 and ⩾80 years (70–79: OR 1.98, 95% CI 0.93, 4.20 p = 0.077; ⩾80: OR 4.01, 95% CI 1.55, 10.35 p = 0.004). There were no associations between age and duration of admission. Only 6% of patients aged ⩾70 years were discharged home alive. Conclusion: It was uncommon for patients over 70 years of age who present with a SAH to be discharged home from hospital, and those aged ⩾80 are four times more likely to die in hospital than younger patients.
The effect of preoperative interventions on postoperative outcomes following elective hand surgery: A systematic review
Authors: Babiker-Moore Tahra , Clark Carol J , Kavanagh Emma , Crook Timothy B 
Published: December 2024

Background Hand surgery is commonly required for conditions like Dupuytren’s disease, carpal tunnel syndrome, and carpometacarpal osteoarthritis. Hand experts agree that patient education and managing expectations can optimise surgical outcomes. With an aging population, and rising rates of diabetes and obesity, a significant increase in elective hand surgeries is anticipated over the next decade. Objective To assess the effectiveness of preoperative therapy interventions on improving postoperative outcomes following elective hand surgery. Method A systematic search of six databases accessed journals from January 2011 to April 2024. Included studies assessed postoperative outcomes following preoperative therapy intervention. Results Seven articles met the inclusion criteria: six randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and one retrospective cohort study. Five RCTs explored effects of opioid education on postoperative consumption, all reporting statistically significant differences in favour of the intervention, with one showing a decrease of 49.7 morphine equivalent units (95% CI: 11.9 to 87.5), representing a 34.7% decrease between intervention and control. All RCTs scored poorly for risk of bias with the exception of one which assessed the effects of a neuroscience pain education on postoperative pain, reporting a non-significant decrease of 7.7% favouring the control. Conclusion There is a lack of quality research assessing preoperative interventions and outcomes for hand surgery. There was some indication of favourable outcomes following preoperative opioid education; however, number of studies were small, the evidence quality was poor, and data were limited. Further research is required to address these gaps and identify the most effective preoperative interventions.
Clinical Spectrum and Outcome of Kidney Involvement in Non-Langerhans Histiocytosis
Authors: Miao Huilei , Gao Wen , Cao Xinxin 
Published: December 2024

Objective: To describe the clinical features and treatment response of Rosai-Dorfman disease (RDD) and Erdheim-Chester disease (ECD) with kidney involvement.
Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of patients with RDD and ECD who had kidney involvement between January 2005 and December 2023. We evaluated the kidney response based on kidney function, computed tomography (CT) response and metabolic responses.
Results: A total of 4 RDD patients and 44 ECD patients were included, with a median age of 58 (36-68) and 51(18-66) years, respectively. None of the RDD patients had kidney-associated symptoms, whereas 12 (27.3%) ECD patients presented with lower extremity edema. Regarding baseline kidney function, the median eGFR of RDD and ECD was 80.5 (range: 63-125) and 100 (range: 22-133) ml/min/1.73 m², respectively. Renal mass was the most frequent characteristic of RDD, accounting for 100%, while ECD patients showed a high perirenal infiltration rate (68.2%). Among the 4 RDD patients, one (25.0%) achieved eGFR improvement and two (50.0%) achieved CT response and PET-CT response. In 34 ECD patients evaluable, the percentage of eGFR improvement, CT response and PET-CT response was 14.7%, 5.9% and 52.9%. The median follow-up time was 27.0 months (range: 10.1-52.9 months) for RDD and 53.0 months (range: 3.1-105.3 months) for ECD. The 5-year OS was 66.7% in RDD patients and 81.8% in ECD patients. The median PFS for patients with RDD was 18.3 months, while for those with ECD, it was 59.4 months.
Conclusion: We pioneered the detailed description of kidney involvement characteristics and treatment responses in RDD and ECD. RDD tended to be featured with occupying mass, while ECD is characterized by soft tissue encircling, which is less likely to regress after treatment. Patients with ECD may experience irreversible kidney dysfunction, indicating the critical need for early diagnosis and timely treatment.