bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Building a Pan-Canadian Real World Health Data Network
Authors: Smith Mark , Schull Michael , McGrail Kimberlyn , Katz Alan , Diverty Brent , McDonald Ted , Victor Charles , Lix Lisa , Paprica Alison 
Published: June 2018

BackgroundIn December 2017 the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) issued a request for proposals to develop a pan-Canadian health data platform. This platform will enable cross-jurisdictional research by facilitating the use of rich provincial and national data and ensure engagement with patients and specific populations including Indigenous partners. Academics and policy makers from across Canada operating under the banner of the Pan-Canadian Real-World Health Data Network (PRHDN) have joined forces to address this call.
ObjectivesCreate national infrastructure that is built once then made available for research, benchmarking, performance monitoring, multi-jurisdictional evaluations and inter-jurisdictional comparisons to address pressing health and social policy problems in Canada.
MethodsOur approach will address several issues including creating significant efficiencies in data access, streamlining cross provincial/ territorial ethics and access approvals, establishing standards for data and methods harmonization and providing innovative and privacy-conscious solutions to data access and use. The presentation will focus on the plan to create harmonized common data, algorithms and analytic protocols, and link administrative data to electronic medical records and clinical trials to create an integrated and documented infrastructure for pan-Canadian studies. Comparisons to PopMedNet and the Sentinel Initiative in the US will be made.
ConclusionProvincial centres across Canada hold rich sources of health and social data that are linkable at the person-level. With the exception of standardized data managed by the Canadian Institute for Health Information (CIHI), these data are often not comparable from one province to another, thereby limiting use to single-province studies. There is growing interest in Canada in creating an environment that would enable cross-jurisdictional data sharing and analysis’ and in sharing experiences to make effective use of linkable administrative data.
NEPS Starting Cohort 6 survey data linked to administrative data of the IAB (NEPS-SC6-ADIAB)
Authors: Bachbauer Nadine 
Published: June 2018

BackgroundNEPS-SC6-ADIAB is a new linked data product containing survey data of Starting Cohort 6 of the German National Educational Panel Study (NEPS) and administrative employment data from the Institute for Employment Research (IAB), the research institute of the Federal Employment Agency. NEPS is provided by the Leibniz Institute for Educational Trajectories (LIfBi). Starting Cohort 6 of this panel survey includes adults in their professional life, the survey focuses on education in adulthood and lifelong learning. The administrative data in NEPS-SC6-ADIAB consist of comprehensive information on the employment histories.
ObjectivesCombining these two data sources increases for example the information about individual employment history. Overall, the data volume is increased by the linkage between the survey data and the administrative data.
MethodsA record linkage process was used to link the two data sources. The data access is free for the whole scientific community. In addition to a large number of On-site access locations within Germany, there are also international On-site access locations. Including London and Colchester. In addition a Remote Data Access is offered.
ConclusionsThis data linkage project is very innovative and creates an extensive database, which results in extensive analytical potential. A short application example is made to exemplify the comprehensive analytical potential of NEPS-SC6-ADIAB. This ongoing project deals with nonresponse in survey data. The linked data has a variety of variables collected in both data sources, administratively and through the NEPS survey, allowing for comparative analyses. In this case an idea to compensate nonresponse in income data with administrative data is drawn.
Uncovering the Disparities in Educational Attainment across Urban and Rural Locations in Northern Ireland
Authors: Cherry Gemma 
Published: June 2018

BackgroundPrevious research investigating the influence of location in young people’s educational development often focus on measuring levels of poverty in urban communities and largely ignores the impact of rural areas and comparisons between urban and rural locations. This research advocates that including urban and rural location variables in research methodologies is imperative to gaining a fuller understanding of educational inequalities.
ObjectivesThe aim of this research is to examine the disparities in educational attainment between urban and rural locations in Northern Ireland (hereafter NI) and to identify the possible factors associated with such location disparities. Minimal research efforts have been dedicated to understanding these inequalities and even less attention has been aimed towards explaining them in a NI context. This research aims to fill this gap in knowledge.
MethodsA quantitative methodology, incorporating secondary data analysis will be utilised to achieve the research aims. This research will use administrative data provided by ADRC-NI which links the 2011 Census to the School Leavers Survey and School Census. Using GCSE results as a measure of educational attainment, multilevel modelling will be conducted on this data which has a sample size of N = 55,000 pupils.
FindingsThe findings of this research will provide information on how much of the variance in pupils’ educational attainment across urban and rural locations is associated with the individual, the school and the location.
ConclusionsThis research will add to the body of knowledge surrounding educational inequalities in NI.
Socioeconomic inequalities in the non-fatal and fatal burden of disease: findings from Scottish Burden of Disease (SBoD) 2016 Scottish Burden of Disease Project Team
Authors: Grant Ian , Wyper Grant , Mesalles-Naranjo Oscar , Kavanagh Jade , Tod Elaine , Stockton Diane 
Published: June 2018

BackgroundSBOD2015 was the first endeavour to produce burden of disease estimates in Scotland using linkage of routine health records. In 2017, the study highlighted disparities in burden due to morbidity and mortality with respect to age and gender for 132 conditions, diseases and injuries.
ObjectivesThe aim of SBOD2016 is to report on socioeconomic inequalities to provide further evidence to support preventable public health.
MethodsMorbidity estimates were estimated using an extensive range of administrative datasets to provide a transparent and systematic approach to describe non-fatal population health loss. Combining these estimates with the Global Burden of Disease 2016 study’s relative assessment of severity and disability for each condition, we were able to calculate the Years Lived with Disability (YLD). Death registrations were used alongside life expectancy data to calculate the Years of Life Lost to premature mortality (YLL) as a measure of fatal burden.
FindingsPreliminary findings show a three-fold increase in the burden of disease between individuals living in the most deprived areas compared to the least deprived areas. The profile of diseases contributing the largest burden also varies between the most and least deprived areas.
ConclusionsBy combining information on fatal burden with the burden of living in less than ideal health (non-fatal burden), planners and policymakers have a better idea of the contribution that different diseases, conditions and injuries make to the total burden of disease and how this varies by levels of deprivation. This in turn provides information to support decisions about where prevention and service activity should be focused. It also provides a way of looking at the proportion of the burden that can be explained by a range of exposures in the population such as poverty or smoking.
Risk factors for young people not being in education, employment or training (NEET): Longitudinal analyses over a 10 year follow up period in Scotland
Authors: Everington Dawn , Feng Zhiqiang , Ralston Kevin , Dibben Chris 
Published: June 2018

BackgroundThe high level of young people who are NEET has been an important long-standing issue in Scotland. Having been NEET has several long term detrimental effects. Identifying risk factors of becoming NEET may inform interventions aimed at reducing the overall number of NEETs.
DataWe used the Scottish Longitudinal Study (SLS) - a 5.3% sample of Scotland’s population based around the 1991, 2001 and 2011 Censuses. The SLS include vital event data and since 2007, school census data. Census data are available for family members of the SLS sample.
We followed two cohorts to age 16-19 years: the first cohort included 6-9 years old at the 1991 census and the second 6-9 years old at the 2001 census.
MethodsWe used logistic regression to investigate whether NEET status was associated with individual, family and household characteristics measured 10 years previously, school qualifications and behaviour, local area characteristics and whether they had had a teenage pregnancy.
FindingMany factors were associated with the likelihood of being NEET - highest school qualification and behaviour, teenage pregnancy (females), household characteristics and living in an area having a relatively high level of NEETs.
How can we know what the public think about administrative data research
Authors: Porteous Carol 
Published: June 2018

BackgroundThere has, in recent years been much discussion in administrative data research about communicating with the public about the research undertaken, listening to the public and trying to understand public views and questioning whether the public have trust in the work undertaken using publicly collected administrative data.
ObjectivesTo explore the role of public engagement in dialogue with attendees to try and address whether we are missing the point and value of public engagement. The views of publics are not homogenous, static and also respond to news headlines and data breaches and we can never know the views of 65 million people across the UK, so why do we worry so much about the views of the public and how can we ever know what publics think?
FindingsSummarising work undertaken in examining public attitudes and reflections on five years of working in public engagement in administrative data research will explore key questions with the audience including. Is there value in considering the views of the public, and if so what is the value? How is the public constituted in its relationships with academia and do the public play a key position in the role of universities within our society?
The factors associated with entry to formal care for the elderly in Scotland: A longitudinal analysis
Authors: Corby D. Helen , Everington Dawn , Starr John , Deary Ian J. , Dibben Chris 
Published: June 2018

BackgroundLosing independence is a concern for older people, and sadly a reality for many. In Scotland there is an ageing population and unlike the rest of the UK, a policy to provide free personal and nursing care for those in need of assistance; this makes loss of independence high on the agenda of government, local authorities, care providers, older people and their families alike.
ObjectivesThis study aimed to investigate the factors associated with entry to formal care for older people in Scotland. In addition to socio-demographic, geographical and health characteristics, this study considered three lesser studied or novel factors: living in a flat, population density and recent employment.
MethodsA Scottish Longitudinal Study project (https://sls.lscs.ac.uk/) provided a 5.3% representative sample of the Scottish population for longitudinal analysis. This included people aged 65 and older in 1991 whose care-entry status was then followed-up in 2001.
FindingsAssociations were found for age, sex, marital status, longterm illness, housing tenure, recent employment, urban/rural classification and population density. Notably, whilst living in rural areas had a protective association with formal care home entry (OR 0.35 [95% CI 0.29,0.43]), paradoxically, living in areas with a low population density was associated with greatly increased odds (OR 9.05 [95% CI 7.34, 11.19]).
ConclusionsThis study indicates that the factors associated with care-entry in the Scottish population are similar to those in other Western countries. Possible explanations and justifications for the apparently paradoxical association found for population density are discussed. This finding might be relevant in populations outside Scotland, and future research should explore this.
Prevalence and predictors of antidepressant prescribing in Northern Ireland
Authors: Shevlin Mark , Rosato Michael , Boyle Stephanie , Murphy Jamie , Boduszek Daniel 
Published: June 2018

BackgroundAntidepressant prescription rates in the United Kingdom (UK) are among the highest in Western Europe and prescription rates in Northern Ireland (NI) are significantly higher than the rest of the UK. Moreover, while prescription rates are climbing annually, rates of depression are not changing, and evidence suggests that a range of socio-economic and geographical factors may be responsible.
ObjectivesThe primary aim was to calculate the rates of antidepressant prescribing for the Northern Ireland population for years 2011 to 2015 and identify significant socio-demographic predictors.
Methods (including data)This Administrative Research Centre (Northern Ireland) study linked data from the 2011 census and prescribing records (Enhanced Prescribing Database). The British National Formulary codes was used to identify the four main antidepressant drug types.
FindingsResults indicated high levels of antidepressant prescribing for years 2011 to 2015 and significant associations were found with demographic, health, and economic variables.
ConclusionsNorthern Ireland has high levels of antidepressant prescribing compared to other parts of the UK and other European countries. This suggests that there is a need to extend the provision of social prescribing, where people can avail of local, non-clinical options to alleviate mental health problems.
School performance in children with type 1 diabetes
Authors: French Robert 
Published: June 2018

BackgroundChildhood onset diabetes has broad cognitive and social effects that are likely to impact on the school experience. In turn, educational outcomes are associated with measures of diabetes related health.
ObjectivesThis study models school outcome measures for children with diabetes in comparison to their non-diabetic peers.
MethodsWe use education and diabetes data linked and stored in SAIL databank. We have eight academic cohorts of Welsh administrative education data linked to the register of all children diagnosed with Type 1 diabetes in Wales before the age of 15 (The Brecon Cohort). We model the associations for diabetes with both school absence (sessions missed per year) and educational attainment (using high stakes testing at the end of compulsory schooling), adjusting for individual, school and clinic characteristics and clustering.
Data LinkageWe discuss our approaches to the challenges of linking the education and diabetes register and outline our proposed solution to the governance challenges of linking diabetes related audit data.
Is the time between first diagnosis of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation and cryoballoon ablation a predictor of efficacy?
Authors: Lunati Maurizio , Arena Giuseppe , Iacopino Saverio , Verlato Roberto , Tondo Claudio , Curnis Antonio , Porcellini Stefano , Sciarra Luigi , Molon Giulio , Senatore Gaetano , Leoni Loira , Perego Giovanni Battista , Rauhe Werner , Pepi Patrizia , Landolina Maurizio 
Published: June 2018

Aims
Cryoablation is an indicated therapy for the treatment of recurrent atrial fibrillation through pulmonary vein isolation; however, the optimal time between first diagnosis of atrial fibrillation and cryoablation is still unknown. We aimed to assess the clinical efficacy and safety of early versus later treatment of patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation by cryoablation.

Methods
Five hundred and ten patients underwent atrial fibrillation cryoablation and were prospectively followed for at least 6 months in 43 Italian cardiology centers. The population was divided into two groups according to the time since the first diagnosis of atrial fibrillation until the index cryoablation procedure. An early-treatment group had an elapsed time of 15 months or less from atrial fibrillation diagnosis until cryoablation, and the late-treatment group had an elapsed time of greater than 15 months. During the evaluation, clinical efficacy was defined as atrial fibrillation recurrence outside a landmark 90-day blanking period, and safety was defined as the reporting of all procedure-related complications.

Results
In the total cohort, cryoablation was performed after a median of 36 months from the point of the patient diagnosis with drug refractory symptomatic recurrent atrial fibrillation. The early-treatment group was composed of 130 (25%) patients, whereas the late-treatment group had 380 (75%) patients. Both cohorts had similar baseline clinical characteristics. Of 510 patients, 22 had a complication related to the procedure with no difference between the two groups. Multivariable analysis showed that the risk of atrial fibrillation recurrence was significantly higher in the late-treatment group (hazard ratio: 1.77; 95% confidence interval 1.00-3.13)

Conclusion
In our multicenter observational examination, cryoablation was well tolerated and effective in the treatment of patients with drug refractory symptomatic paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. Reducing the time between diagnosis and ablation brought about a treatment that had a lower risk of atrial fibrillation recurrence with no change in safety.
(Italian ClinicalService Project: NCT01007474).
Applications of Stochastic Semigroups to Queueing Models
Authors: Gwiżdż Piotr 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Non-markovian queueing systems can be extended to piecewise-deterministic Markov processes by appending supplementary variables to the system. Then their analysis leads to an infinite system of partial differential equations with an infinite number of variables and non-local boundary conditions. We show how one can study such systems by using the theory of stochastic semigroups.
ANALYSIS OF POVERTY IN FOREST SURROUNDING COMMUNITIES BY SUSTAINABLE LIVELIHOOD APPROACH
Authors: Parmawati Rita , Soemarno Soemarno , Maryunani Maryunani , Kurnianto Agung Sih 
Published: June 2018

Poverty in forests surrounding communities shows a contrast between wealth of forest resources and poverty. The poverty of forests surrounding communities is seen as inefficient development to rural needs in general and forest management in particular. This study aims to analyze the factors affecting poverty, the relevance and Sustainable Livelihood Approach in poverty. This research was conducted in Argosari Village, Jabung Subdistrict and Mentaraman Village, Donomulyo District, Malang Regency. Sustainable livelihood approach is applied which adapted on five elements: human, natural, physical, social and financial asset. The sample was determined by proportional random sampling method. Participatory Rapid Appraisal (PRA) were used in this study. Quantitative approach in this study using descriptive analysis and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). Poverti Gap 2 indicator (the number of family member) has the greatest contribution to Argosari poverty. The High Consumption 3 indicator (the number of new clothing in a year that can be bought) has the smallest contribution. Significantly, eight indicators have established in Mentaraman, which is indicated by a p-value less than 5% (0.05). Based on the size of the standardize coefficient, it is found that the Poverti Gap 2 indicator (the number of family member) has the greatest contribution to Mentaraman poverty. Keywords : Argosari, Forest, Mentaraman, Poverty, SLA
DIMENSI KEKUASAAN PENGHULU ADAT MELAYU RIAU DALAM PELAKSANAAN DEMOKRASI LOKAL
Authors: Asrinaldi Asrinaldi , Azwar Azwar 
Published: June 2018

The Malay penghulu adat have traditional authority that can direct their people to maintain their own identity and existence. In fact, although the function of these Malay penghulu adat is only in the context of customs and culture, but in some cases these penghulu also influence the implementation of local democracy. For example, in the election process of the head of the region, although the function of the penghulu adat leader as a leader can direct the tribe and his people, but this function is rarely used because it is contrary to the principle of propriety in Malay custom. Nevertheless, the presence of this penghulu adat remains important to strengthen the legitimacy of the power of the political elite. This is reasonable because the legitimacy of the Malay customary is very important as a basis for building political support derived from indigenous communities. This article is derived from field research using descriptive qualitative methods. The informants of this research are adat penghulu, members of local elections commissions, bureaucrats, politicians and local academics. This article finds the dimensions of the Malay penghulu adat authority only used to establish Malay identity by strengthening Malay customs and culture. Moreover, the people of Riau are more complex than the social and cultural aspects. Their involvement gives support to the regional head only in order to preserve Malay culture to be accommodated in local government policy and not in the form of political activity. Therefore it is not surprising that every Riau governor is given the title of Datuk Seri Setia Amanah customs so that those who are given this title take part in preserving Riau Malay culture.
Health inequities and cancer survival in Manizales, Colombia: a population-based study
Authors: Arias-Ortiz Nelson Enrique , De Vries Esther 
Published: June 2018

Objective: To analyze differences in survival of breast, cervical, lung, prostate and stomach cancer by health insurance regime (HIR) and socioeconomic position (SEP) in an intermediate city in a middle-income country.Methods: All patients with breast, cervix uteri, lung, prostate and stomach cancer diagnosed between 2003 and 2007 and characterized by the Manizales population-based Cancer Registry (MCR) were included and followed up to a maximum of 5 years for identifying deaths. Survival probabilities estimated by HIR were defined according to the type of affiliation at the date of diagnosis, and by socioeconomic stratification of residence (SS) as indicator of SEP, stratifying for other prognostic factors using Kaplan-Meier methods. Cox proportional hazard models were fitted for multivariate analysis.Results: A total of 1,384 cases and 700 deaths were analyzed. Five-year observed survival was 71.0% (95% IC: 66.1-75.3) for breast, 51.4% (95% IC: 44.6-57.9) for cervix, 15.4% (95% IC: 10.7-20.8) for lung, 71.1% (95% IC: 65.3-76.1) for prostate and 23.8% (95% IC: 19.3-28.6) for stomach. Statistically significant differences in survival by HIR were observed for breast, lung, prostate, and stomach - with poorer survival for the subsidized and uninsured patients. Differences by SS were observed for lung and prostate. Differences in survival by HIR were independent of SS, and viceversa.Conclusions: Important inequities in cancer survival exist related to HIR and SEP. Possible explanations include underlying comorbidities, late stage at diagnosis, or barriers to timely and effective treatment.