bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hematopoietic Stem-Cell Transplantation Does Not Improve the Poor Outcome of Children With Hypodiploid Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: A Report From Children’s Oncology Group
Authors: McNeer Jennifer L. , Devidas Meenakshi , Dai Yunfeng , Carroll Andrew J. , Heerema Nyla A. , Gastier-Foster Julie M. , Kahwash Samir B. , Borowitz Michael J. , Wood Brent L. , Larsen Eric , Maloney Kelly W. , Mattano Leonard , Winick Naomi J. , Schultz Kirk R. , Hunger Stephen P. , Carroll William L. , Loh Mignon L. , Raetz Elizabeth A. 
Published: February 2019

Purpose Children and young adults with hypodiploid B-lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) fare poorly and hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation (HSCT) is often pursued in first complete remission (CR1). We retrospectively reviewed the outcomes of children and young adults with hypodiploid B-ALL who were enrolled in recent Children’s Oncology Group (COG) trials to evaluate the impact of HSCT on outcome. Patients and Methods Cytogenetic analyses and DNA index were performed at COG-approved laboratories, and hypodiploidy was defined as modal chromosome number less than 44 and/or DNA index less than 0.81. Minimal residual disease (MRD) was determined centrally using flow cytometry at two reference laboratories. Patients with hypodiploid ALL came off protocol therapy postinduction and we retrospectively collected details on their subsequent therapy and outcomes. Event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) were estimated for the cohort. Results Between 2003 and 2011, 8,522 patients with National Cancer Institute standard-risk and high-risk B-ALL were enrolled in COG AALL03B1 ( ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00482352). Hypodiploidy occurred in 1.5% of patients (n = 131), 98.3% of whom achieved CR after induction therapy. Five-year EFS and OS were 52.2% ± 4.9% and 58.9% ± 4.8%, respectively. Outcomes for patients undergoing CR1 HSCT were not significantly improved: 5-year EFS and OS were 57.4% ± 7.0% and 66.2% ± 6.6% compared with 47.8% ± 7.5% and 53.8% ± 7.6%, respectively ( P = .49 and .34, respectively) for those who did not undergo transplantation. Patients with MRD of 0.01% or greater at the end of induction had 5-year EFS and OS of 26.7% ± 9.3% and 29.3% ± 10.1%, respectively, and HSCT had no significant impact on outcomes. Conclusion Children and young adults with hypodiploid B-ALL continue to fare poorly and do not seem to benefit from CR1 HSCT. This is especially true for patients with MRD of 0.01% or greater at the end of induction. New treatment strategies are urgently needed for these patients.
Interpreting Oncology Care Model Data to Drive Value-Based Care: A Prostate Cancer Analysis
Authors: Ennis Ronald D. , Parikh Anish B. , Sanderson Mark , Liu Mark , Isola Luis 
Published: February 2019

PURPOSE: The Oncology Care Model (OCM) must be clinically relevant, accurate, and comprehensible to drive value-based care. METHODS: We studied OCM data detailing observed and expected expenses for 6-month-long episodes of care for patients with prostate cancer. We constructed seven disease state–treatment dyads into which we grouped each episode on the bases of diagnoses, procedures, and medications in OCM claims data. We used this clinical-administrative stratification model to facilitate a comparative cost analysis, and we evaluated emergency department and hospital utilization and drug therapy as potential drivers of cost. RESULTS: We examined 377 episodes of care, pertaining to 210 patients, that took place within our health system from January 2012 to June 2015. Ninety-six percent of episodes were assigned to clinically meaningful dyads. Excessive expenses were seen in metastatic, castration-resistant dyads containing second-line hormone therapy (ratio of observed to expected expenses [O/E], 2.66), chemotherapy (O/E, 2.09), and radium-223/sipuleucel-T (O/E, 3.01). An OCM update correcting for castration-resistant prostate cancer led to small differences in observed expenses (0% to +2%) but large changes in expected expenses (−17% to −27% for hormone-sensitive dyads and +136% to +141% for castration-resistant dyads). O/E increased up to 38% for hormone-sensitive dyads and decreased up to 58% for castration-resistant dyads. Emergency department and hospital utilization seems to drive cost for castration-resistant dyads but not for hormone-sensitive dyads. In the revised OCM model, overall O/E for all episodes improved by 22%, from 1.48 to 1.15. CONCLUSION: Our experience with OCM highlights the limitations of administrative claims data within this model and illustrates a method of translating these data into clinically meaningful information to improve value.
Identifying Potentially Avoidable Hospitalizations in Medicare Patients With Prostate Cancer: A Retrospective Analysis
Authors: Parikh Anish B. , Smith William , Sanderson Mark , Dharmarajan Kavita , Liu Mark , Isola Luis , Ennis Ronald D. 
Published: February 2019

PURPOSE: If identifiable, potentially avoidable hospitalizations (PAHs) can serve as an important target for cost containment efforts in oncology. METHODS: PAHs among a cohort of Medicare patients with prostate cancer were identified using a two-stage consensus-driven review process. In stage 1, two clinicians independently evaluated admissions records using a case review form, which we modified from a previous study to assess for PAHs. In stage 2, any admissions that the reviewers disagreed on or were unsure of were re-examined in a larger group of clinicians to yield a consensus determination regarding avoidability. Univariable and multivariable regression analyses were performed to identify factors predictive of PAH. RESULTS: There were 160 admissions among this cohort of 210 patients from January 2012 to June 2015, of which 99 were evaluable. Consensus-driven clinical review yielded an overall PAH rate of 28.3%. Factors associated with increased PAH risk were admission for symptoms related to cancer (odds ratio [OR], 7.33; P < .001), presence of a social contributor to admission (OR, 4.40; P = .014), and history of alcohol or drug abuse (OR, 4.93; P = .025). Admission for a noncancer condition was associated with decreased PAH risk (OR, 0.32; P = .011). On multivariable analysis, presence of a social contributor to admission (OR, 9.35; P = .002) and admission as a result of a noncancer condition (OR, 0.16; P = .038) remained predictive of PAH risk. CONCLUSION: A significant proportion of hospitalizations among patients with prostate cancer are potentially avoidable. Understanding factors predictive of risk for PAH can help inform programs aimed at avoiding such admissions to improve overall care quality and value.
The C. elegans heterochronic gene lin-28 coordinates the timing of hypodermal and somatic gonadal programs for hermaphrodite reproductive system morphogenesis
Authors: Choi Sungwook , Ambros Victor 
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACT
C. elegans heterochronic genes determine the timing of expression of specific cell fates in particular stages of developing larvae. However, their broader roles in coordinating developmental events across diverse tissues have been less well investigated. Here, we show that loss of lin-28, a central heterochronic regulator of hypodermal development, causes reduced fertility associated with abnormal somatic gonadal morphology. In particular, the abnormal spermatheca-uterine valve morphology of lin-28(lf) hermaphrodites traps embryos in the spermatheca, which disrupts ovulation and causes embryonic lethality. The same genes that act downstream of lin-28 in the regulation of hypodermal developmental timing also act downstream of lin-28 in somatic gonadal morphogenesis and fertility. Importantly, we find that hypodermal expression, but not somatic gonadal expression, of lin-28 is sufficient for restoring normal somatic gonadal morphology in lin-28(lf) mutants. We propose that the abnormal somatic gonadal morphogenesis of lin-28(lf) hermaphrodites results from temporal discoordination between the accelerated hypodermal development and normally timed somatic gonadal development. Thus, our findings exemplify how a cell-intrinsic developmental timing program can also control proper development of other interacting tissues, presumably by cell non-autonomous signal(s).
This article has an associated ‘The people behind the papers’ interview.
VAPB depletion alters neuritogenesis and phosphoinositide balance in motoneuron-like cells: relevance to VAPB-linked amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Authors: Genevini Paola , Colombo Maria Nicol , Venditti Rossella , Marcuzzo Stefania , Colombo Sara Francesca , Bernasconi Pia , De Matteis Maria Antonietta , Borgese Nica , Navone Francesca 
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACT
VAPB and VAPA are ubiquitously expressed endoplasmic reticulum membrane proteins that play key roles in lipid exchange at membrane contact sites. A mutant, aggregation-prone, form of VAPB (P56S) is linked to a dominantly inherited form of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; however, it has been unclear whether its pathogenicity is due to toxic gain of function, to negative dominance, or simply to insufficient levels of the wild-type protein produced from a single allele (haploinsufficiency). To investigate whether reduced levels of functional VAPB, independently from the presence of the mutant form, affect the physiology of mammalian motoneuron-like cells, we generated NSC34 clones, from which VAPB was partially or nearly completely depleted. VAPA levels, determined to be over fourfold higher than those of VAPB in untransfected cells, were unaffected. Nonetheless, cells with even partially depleted VAPB showed an increase in Golgi- and acidic vesicle-localized phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate (PI4P) and reduced neurite extension when induced to differentiate. Conversely, the PI4 kinase inhibitors PIK93 and IN-10 increased neurite elongation. Thus, for long-term survival, motoneurons might require the full dose of functional VAPB, which may have unique function(s) that VAPA cannot perform.
Reconstitution of cell migration at a glance
Authors: Garcia-Arcos Juan Manuel , Chabrier Renaud , Deygas Mathieu , Nader Guilherme , Barbier Lucie , Sáez Pablo José , Mathur Aastha , Vargas Pablo , Piel Matthieu 
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACT
Single cells migrate in a myriad of physiological contexts, such as tissue patrolling by immune cells, and during neurogenesis and tissue remodeling, as well as in metastasis, the spread of cancer cells. To understand the basic principles of single-cell migration, a reductionist approach can be taken. This aims to control and deconstruct the complexity of different cellular microenvironments into simpler elementary constrains that can be recombined together. This approach is the cell microenvironment equivalent of in vitro reconstituted systems that combine elementary molecular players to understand cellular functions. In this Cell Science at a Glance article and accompanying poster, we present selected experimental setups that mimic different events that cells undergo during migration in vivo. These include polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) devices to deform whole cells or organelles, micro patterning, nano-fabricated structures like grooves, and compartmentalized collagen chambers with chemical gradients. We also outline the main contribution of each technique to the understanding of different aspects of single-cell migration.
Oryginalność Komisji Edukacji Narodowej na tle europejskim
Authors: Bartnicka Kalina 
Published: February 2019

The uniqueness of the Commission of National Education in Europe As a result of the ban imposed on the Society of Jesus, post-Jesuit schools and funds had to be submitted to control. On 14 October 1773, on the initiative of king Stanisław August Poniatowski, the Commission of National Education (KEN) was appointed during a session of the parliament confirming the First Partition of Poland. The Commission was a body supervising the entire Polish education system, as well as an education fund created from the post-Jesuit assets. The king and the members of Parliament hoped that the Commission would reform the Polish education system and subsequently Poland would become a powerful state again. The Commission was a state institution appointed by parliament and answerable only to parliament. The Commission members included well-educated individuals, prominent politicians, representatives of the social elite who added to the Commission of National Education’s prestige. The school reform was inspired by the concepts of physiocracy (adapted to Polish conditions), the achievements of the pedagogy and philosophy of the Enlightenment, coupled with the local political and educational heritage, as well as the experiences of the National Academy in educating teachers and in cooperating with secondary schools. The Commission of National Education did not have any examples to follow, be it for institutional work or the planned school reform. The Commission managed to create a new type of state institution in charge of education. University-level education was provided to teachers, while the universities themselves were upgraded in terms of academic requirements and organisation. Departments were replaced with two equal-rank colleges. A Moral College was established with social science and humanities in mind, while a Physical College was created with mathematics and natural science in mind. The universities were delegated the responsibility of academic and pedagogic supervision of secondary schools. The Commission established the modern profession of teacher, the so-called academic estate. Polish was introduced to schools as a teaching language, accompanied by an encyclopaedic curriculum. Polish school books were developed. An enlightened and responsible nobleman-cum-patriot was offered as an educational model. The Laws of the Commission of National Education for the academic estate and the schools of the Polish Republic, an academic legal code, was developed and published in 1783. The Commission was appointed by parliament and had an educational fund at its sole disposal. It was esponsible only to parliament for its activity and financial policy. This significantly differentiated the KEN from the institutions supervising education in Russia, Germany or Austria, as well as other countries, which were financially and legally dependent on enlightened monarchs. The KEN schools educated patriots and citizens, while the schools in absolutist monarchies desired loyal and obedient subjects of the tsar or king.
Reformatorskie koncepcje działań oświatowych i opiekuńczo- -wychowawczych wobec dzieci zaniedbanych w Królestwie Polskim na przełomie XIX i XX wieku na tle rozwiązań europejskich
Authors: Bołdyrew Aneta 
Published: February 2019

Reformative Concepts of Education and Protective Activities Toward Neglected Children in the Kingdom of Poland at the Turn of the XIX-th Century in Comparison with European SolutionsAfter the January Uprising in the Kingdom of Poland, across half of the following century, industrial development was mostly connected with social reforms. One tragic consequence of it was the increase in the number of children without parental protection, juvenile beggars, tramps, young criminals and prostitutes. During the last thirty years of the 19th century it became a priority in the Kingdom of Poland to pay attention to the education and protection of children and teenagers from the poorest families. Numerous innovative and educational concepts were formulated at that time; some of them were used in centres for socially maladjusted young people, for instance in Studzieniec, Mariańska Wilderness or Struga, in centres for young prostitutes. The activity of educational centres and societies which organised the protection of children (for example, The National Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children) was given as an example.
The development of Turkic studies at Vilnius University
Authors: Miškinienė Galina 
Published: February 2019

Institute of the Lithuanian Language At the beginning of the 19th century, the financial possibility to establish a department of Eastern languages at one of the oldest universities in Eastern Europe, Vilnius University, appeared. Turkish was among the Eastern languages that were expected to be taught. The intensive preparation of lecturers was started. Unfortunately, the ambitious plans were destined to never become reality; in 1832 the university was closed. Nevertheless, over the following two centuries the Turkic direction did not disappear; in one form or another it surfaced and retained its vitality. There was a sympathetic environment: Tartars and Karaims—both Turkic ethnic groups—began settling in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania in the 14th century. Vilnius University was the cradle of many famous Orientalists who maintained Turkic research by their activities. In such a way, two main research subjects appeared: Kitabistik and the Karaim language. In this article, the origin problems, development and prospects of Turkic research will be examined.
Thinking in a different language: the Orientalist Senkovskii and ‘Orientalism’
Authors: Serikoff Nikolaj 
Published: February 2019

The Wellcome Library, London, Institute of Oriental Studies, MoscowThis article deals with the research methods of an alumnus of the University of Wilno, the controversial Russian Orientalist Osip Ivanovich Senkovskii (1800–1859). His attitude towards the scholarly and literary production of his contemporaries—the Austrian Orientalist von Hammer-Purgstall, Russian historian Karamzin, and Russian poet Zhukovskii—is reflected in his letters to his teacher Joachim Lelewel. Senkovskii, at the time considered even a ‘literary clown’ in his popular writings, criticised the leading Western theories of Eastern culture. His views about the necessity to learn the East from inside as opposed to the theories of the European Orientalists found support only 150 years later in the works of the Palestinian scholar Edward W. Said (1935–2003).
Books Reviews
Authors: Jaskūnas Valdas , Kulikov Leonid 
Published: February 2019

Heidrun Brückner, Gabriele Zeller (hrsg.), Otto Böhtlingk an Rudolf Roth: Briefe zum Petersburger Wörterbuch 1852–1885, bearbeitet von Agnes Stache-Weiske, Glasenapp-Stiftung 45, Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 2008, pp. xxii+870. ISBN 978-3-447-05641-0 / 3-447-05641-X (hbk), € 98.00
Felix Otter. Residential Architecture in Bhoja’s Samarāṅgaṇasūtradhāra: introduction, text, translation and notes, Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass, 2010, pp. xi+299. ISBN 978-81-208-3447-7
Mimesis: Some reflections on bodhicitta verses in the second chapter of the Guhyasamājatantra
Authors: Korobov Vladimir 
Published: February 2019

Vilnius UniversityAlthough the ultimate bodhicitta functions within a non-dual model of cognition where oppositions (good and evil, pure and impure, saṃsāra–nirvāṇa, etc.) do not exist, it is traditionally considered to be the wisdom cognising emptiness. In this paper I will try to explore the cognitive nature of the ultimate bodhicitta to answer the question ‘What kind of cognition is the cognising of emptiness?’ In the paper I also will make an attempt to describe the basics of ambivalent Tantric ethics in terms of the phenomenological category of imitation or mimesis. Verses on the ultimate bodhicitta in the second chapter of the Guhyasamājatantra are a subject of commentaries written by various Tibetan and Indian authors. The paper is supplemented with a translation of Bodhicittabhāvanā written by Ācārya Kamalaśīla. This short text is a commentary on verses proclaimed by Tathagāgata Vairocana in the second chapter of Guhyasamājatantra.
Śāntarakṣita on veridical perception
Authors: Friquegnon Marie Louise 
Published: February 2019

William Paterson UniversityŚāntarakṣita, an 8th century Indian Buddhist philosopher, united the Cittamātra and the Madhyamaka views into a single system. Consistently following Nāgārjuna, from the point of view of absolute reality he proclaimed all things to be empty and beyond conception. From the point of view of the conventional, he stated that we should understand everything as awareness. Nevertheless, when analysing Cittamātra views on perception, he found them all to be inadequate. Buddhism is usually described as based on two pillars, direct experience and inference. Given Śāntarakṣita’s sharp critique of the veracity of perception, upon which inductive premises are based, how are we to make sense of knowledge on the conventional level? I will attempt to answer this question through an analysis of the ideas of the 11th century philosopher Rongzom and the 19th century philosopherMipham. I will also show the relevance of Śāntarakṣita’s critique of perception today, by comparing it with contemporary Western cognitive science.
The Effect of Social, Individual, and Materialism Factors on the Purchase of Purchasing Luxury Mixed Bags and Consumer Attitudes as a Mediation Variable (Behavior Study in Career Women in Denpasar)
Authors: Wella Yanti Kadek Devi , Martini Luh Kadek Budi , Sapta I Ketut Setia 
Published: February 2019

Social factors include normative vulnerability and information on social influences. Social influence reflects the judgment of others on individual consumer behavior. Purchasing decisions are also influenced by personal factors such as age and stages of the life cycle, work, economic situation, lifestyle, and personality and self-concept of the buyer. Materialism is the consumer belief that valuing worldly assets is very important. Attitude is an expression of someone's feelings that reflects their joy or dislike of an object. Buying intention can be defined as the intention of someone to buy a certain brand that they have chosen for themselves after evaluating.
The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of social factors, individual factors and materialism on purchase intentions and consumer attitudes as mediating variables. The sampling technique used is proportional random sampling. The sample in this study was 95 buyers and then the determination of the sample was determined by proportional random sampling in 5 predetermined stores. The data analyst method used is SEM (Structural Equation Modeling) based on component or variance, namely PLS (Partial Least Square). The results of the study stated that social factor variables, individual factors, and materialism had a positive and significant effect on purchase intention. And individual factors and materialism have a positive and significant effect on consumer attitudes, while social factors have a positive but not significant effect on consumer attitudes.