bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Estimating indirect costs in a pediatric trial: patient diaries and interview data collection
Authors: JEANNIC Anaïs LE , Maoulida Hassani , Guilmin-Crépon Sophie , Alberti Corinne , Tubiana-Rufi Nadia , Durand-Zaleski Isabelle 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background: In France the pertinence of including indirect costs in economic evaluations of therapeutic strategies is left to author judgment. However productivity losses represent a significant amount of resources in particular for chronic pediatric conditions when caregivers are involved in addition to patients. In order to explore how best to collect indirect cost information, we investigated whether or not a patient diary provided additional information compared to retrospective investigator-led interviews and whether a diary filled intermittently produced more or less information than a continuous diary. The main objective of this study was to identify which type of data collection was most effective to obtain information on indirect costs over a 9-month study period. Methods : Start-In! is a randomized controlled trial comparing the efficacy of three strategies of real-time continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) for 12 months in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes. We designed an ancillary study to compare three collection methods of indirect costs: 1) retrospectively by investigators during quarterly follow up visits and prospectively with diaries filled by children or families used 2) either continuously or 3) intermittently. Were collected the amount of information on absence from school and work, and carer time for diabetes cares, and compared to the information given to the investigator during the quarterly follow up visit in the case report form. Results: At the end of the 9-month study 42% participants had not returned their diary, less than 10% of data were collected in patients’ diaries versus 82% in investigators’ filled case report forms. Conclusions: Our study only supports the hypothesis that data collection by investigators during quarterly visits would lead to fewer missing data than a diary, that it be filled up on a trimester or every three months. Diaries might represent an important additional burden to children and their families. Trial registration: Start-In! trial registry name: Study of Insulin Therapy Augmented by Real Time Sensor IN Type 1 Children and Adolescents (START-IN!). ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00949221. Registered on July 30, 2009.
The effectiveness of collaborative infertility counseling (CIC) on pregnancy outcome in infertile women undergoing in vitro fertilization: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Bidgoli Mahboobeh Rasoulzadeh , roudsari robab latifnejad , montazeri ali 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background: Infertility is an emotional tension which influences the whole aspects of relationships in infertile couples. A main objective of infertility treatments is elevation of pregnancy rate. The present study aimed to examine the effect of collaborative counseling on pregnancy rate in infertile women, undergoing in vitro fertilization in Mashhad, Iran. Methods: In this clinical trial, 60 women with primary infertility were selected from an infertility research center and were randomly allocated into intervention (n=29) and control (n=31) groups. The intervention group received individual counseling, based on the collaborative reproductive healthcare model with collaboration of a midwife, a gynecologist and a clinical psychologist in five sessions during a two-month period. The control group received routine care. Positive pregnancy test was considered as a criterion of treatment success at the end of the study. Data were analyzed using statistical tests including independent samples t-test. Results: There was no significant difference in pregnancy rate between intervention and control groups (P = 0.298). Also, there were no significant differences in follicle and embryo numbers between two groups. However, a significant difference was observed between two groups in terms of oocyte numbers where the intervention group had more oocyte (P = 0.014). Conclusion: Overall the findings indicated that the collaborative infertility counseling did not improve treatment success in infertile women undergoing in vitro fertilization
Effect of prenatal counseling on breastfeeding self-efficacy and frequency of breastfeeding problems in Mothers with Previous Unsuccessful Breastfeeding: A randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors: shafaei fahimeh sehhatie , mirghafourvand mojgan , havizari shiva 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background: Breastfeeding is one of the most important factors in the health of infants. Monitoring the performance of mothers and providing feedback to them so that they increase self-efficacy, their interest in learning and their level of performance. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of prenatal counseling on the self-efficacy and frequency of breast-feeding problems in mothers with Previous Unsuccessful Breastfeeding.Methods: This randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted on 108 pregnant women with unsuccessful breastfeeding in Tabriz health centers in 2017-18. Participants were randomly assigned to intervention and control groups. The intervention group, four pre-natal counseling sessions and control group received routine care only. After childbirth, mothers received a counseling session up to 4 months after delivery, and the breastfeeding self-efficacy questionnaire (BSES) and the frequency of breast feeding problems checklist on the 15th, 2nd and 4th month by the intervention and control groups were completed.Results: The mean score of self-efficacy on the 15th day, in the 2 and 4 months after delivery in the intervention group and control group indicated a significant difference (P<0.05). Frequency of breastfeeding problems on the 15th, 2nd and 4th months after delivery was significantly different in most cases in the intervention group compared to the control group.Conclusion: The results of the study showed that prenatal counseling would increase the breastfeeding self-efficacy of mothers and lead to solving most breastfeeding problems during postpartum period. Trial registration: IRCT20100109003027N19 Key words: Self-efficacy, problems, exclusive breastfeeding, infant, counseling
Predicting successful lumbar plexus block using blood flow index measured by laser speckle contrast imaging
Authors: Wu Xi , Li Pengcheng , Liu Xiaohu , Meng Liangwei , Wang Dan , Huang Yujie , Mei Wei 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background: Laser speckle contrast imaging (LSCI) is a powerful optical imaging technique for real-time and dynamic measurement of regional blood flow. The objective of this prospective observational study was to investigate blood flow after changes blockade of lumbar plexus or its three major branches respectively, with LSCI technique.Methods: This study included 47 adult patients scheduled for elective lower limb surgery. For the selective blockade of lumbar plexus, femoral nerve, obturator nerve, and lateral femoral cutaneous nerve, blood flow images and pinprick sensory scores of the blocked lower limb were recorded 5 min pre block and every 5 min for 30 min post block. Blood flow index (BFI) values of toes were calculated by LSCI software.Results: In this study, we have 21 cases of successful lumbar plexus blocks, 2 cases of failed lumbar plexus block, 8 cases of successful femoral nerve blocks, 8 cases of successful obturator nerve blocks, and 8 cases of successful lateral femoral cutaneous nerve blocks. The BFI values of all five toes were significantly increased as early as 5 min after successful lumbar plexus block, whereas no signiﬁcant difference was found in BFI values after failed lumbar plexus block. BFI changes after successful selective blockade of femoral nerve, obturator nerve, or lateral femoral cutaneous nerve were negligible. BFI value of the big toe at 5 min after the successful lumbar plexus block was increased by 2.57 fold compared with the baseline value, which represented the highest increase among five tested toes. BFI value of the big toe at 10 min after lumbar plexus block showed great power to predict block outcome with a sensitivity of 100% and a speciﬁcity of 100%. The optimal cut-off value given by ROC analysis was 22.11 PU.Conclusions: Increased blood flow index measured by laser speckle contrast imaging is a reliable indicator of successful lumbar plexus block, but cannot indicate successful selective blocks of three major branches of the lumbar plexus. BFI value of the big toe at 10 min after lumbar plexus block could well predict block outcome with the cut-off value of 22.11 PU.Trial registration: NCT03169517 (Date of registration: May 25, 2017).
Delay in maternal near miss case and associated factors among women admitted in Felege Hiwot comprehensive specialized hospital, Northwest Ethiopia
Authors: Mekonnin Amsalu Worku , Mengesha Endalkachew Worku , Dinku Getu 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background: The current discrepancies in maternal mortality and near miss cases of high and low income countries are usually due to the differences in timely management of obstetric complications and the differences in time management comes up with idea of delay in receiving obstetric care. For each maternal death there will be 20 others that suffer as maternal near miss cases worldwide. This study aimed to assess delay of maternal near miss (MNM) and associated factors among women in Felege Hiwot Comprehensive Specialized Hospital (FHCSH), Northwest Ethiopia. Methods: Cross sectional facility based study was conducted among 287 women who were managed as MNM from May 2018 to September 30, 2018. A checklist and structured questionnaire was used to retrieve information from the patient and her medical document. The collected data was cleaned, coded and entered for analysis. The results were presented in tables. Binary and multiple logistic regression analysis were calculated at 95 % CI.Results: There were 2694 patients admitted in wards in the study period and proportion of maternal near miss was 10.65% with maternal near miss mortality ratio of 31.9 and mortality index of 3%. From all maternal near misses studied 44.3% had first delay and 35% had second delay with 51.2% had third delay. Seventy four percent of them had at least one delay. Determinant factors identified were rural residence [AOR, 3.2 P = 0.001], distance more than 10 Kms away from hospital [AOR, 2.18, p =0.025], lack of ambulance [AOR, 3.9 P= 0.009] and lack of awareness on obstetric complications [AOR,27.9, p = 0.001] which were statistically associated with any maternal delay. Conclusion: Maternal near miss proportion is still high in study site and majority of them had at least one delay in receiving care which needs an intervention at community and low level health institutions.
Analysis of the clinical characteristics of pregnant women who were hospitalized for more than 7 days after the implementation of the two-child policy
Authors: Yan Xin , Wang Yongqing 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background: To analyze the clinical characteristics of pregnant women who were hospitalized for more than 7 days after the implementation of the two-child policy. Methods: The patients who were hospitalized for more than 7 days before and after the implementation of the two-child policy were divided into a study group (after the implementation of the two-child policy) and a control group (before the implementation of the two-child policy). Data on the clinical diagnosis, rate of cesarean sections, incidence of severe placenta previa, characteristics of the ICU cases and cost of hospitalization in the two groups were analyzed and compared. Result: The proportion of patients who were hospitalized for more than 7 days after the implementation of the two-child policy increased from 28.09% to 32.44% (P < 0.05). Regarding older patients, the proportion of those with a cesarean section history increased from 15.92% to 30.15%; however, the rate of cesarean section decreased from 59.26% to 54.35% (P < 0.05). Among patients who underwent cesarean sections, the proportion of those with placental previa, postpartum hemorrhage, ART and a cesarean section history increased (P < 0.05). Compared with that in the control group, the proportion of patients with severe placenta previa in the study group increased from 3.86% to 8.73 (P < 0.05). The proportion of patients admitted to the ICU increased from 2.90% to 4.68% (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Changes in the characteristics of obstetrics inpatients after the implementation of the two-child policy are a challenge for obstetricians. Diagnosis and treatment standardization, a more detailed and comprehensive inpatient management approach, and the rational use of health resources should be promoted.
Glycated Albumin in Pregnancy: Reference Intervals Establishment and Its Predictive Value in Adverse Pregnant Outcomes
Authors: Dong Ying , Zhai Yanhong , Wang Jing , Xie Xin , Zhang Chunhong , Liu Jingrui , Tang Guodong , Han Lican , Li Lin , Cao Zheng 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background As one of the most common pregnant complications, the gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is associated with significant adverse pregnant outcomes and it is crucial to accurately monitor the glycemic states of GDM patients. The HbA1c which is a traditional long-term glycemic marker used in diabetic patients, is not recommended in GDM patients during pregnancy. Recently, many efforts have been focused on the alternative marker glycated albumin (GA) and its application in pregnancy during which profound physiological changes take place. Our objective was to determine the reference intervals (RIs) of GA in healthy Chinese pregnant women and to assess the predictive value of serum GA in adverse pregnant outcomes. Methods Totally 479 healthy subjects including 153 in the first trimester, 174 in the second trimester, and 152 in the third trimester were enrolled from March to July 2019, for the purpose of establishing the trimester-specific RIs of GA. The diagnostic value of GA for GDM patients was evaluated and compared with that of fasting plasma glucose (FPG) at 24-28 weeks of gestation. The association between GA in the late pregnancy and the adverse pregnant outcomes was analyzed retrospectively with the data collected from January to June 2018 at our hospital. Results The estimated RIs of GA in present study were 10.87-15.09 %, 10.04-13.50 %, and 9.78-13.03 % in the first, second, and third trimesters respectively. The areas under receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were 0.503 for GA and 0.705 for FPG. More importantly, the GA levels of the third trimester did not show significant changes in women with large-for-date birth weight, preterm delivery, postpartum hemorrhage or hypertension when compared in women with normal pregnancy outcomes. The exception was that the GDM patients who developed preeclampsia did have a lower GA level in their late pregnancy. Conclusions Our results show that the GA was continuously decreased as the gestational age went up. It has limited value in diagnosing GDM and predicting adverse pregnancy outcomes.
Cyclosporine-A Attenuates Retinal Inflammation by Inhibiting HMGB-1 Formation in Rats with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Wang Peng , Chen Fei , Zhang Xuedong 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background:Cyclosporine-A has been regarded as an immunoregulatory and anti-inflammatory drug for the treatment of various immune inflammatory diseases. However, the effect of Cyclosporine-A on the retina of type 2 diabetic rats and the underlying mechanism remains to be elucidated. The objective of the present study was to investigate the effect and mechanism of Cyclosporine-A on diabetic retinopathy. Methods:Male Sprague-Dawley rats were established to type 2 diabetic model.After 6 weeks, diabetic rats and normal controls were intravitreally injected with Cs-A (42 ng/2 μL) to the left eye, and 2μL DMSO to the right eye for the control. Another part of normal wild-type rats was subjected to intravitreal injections into the left eyes with 5 μL PBS or HMGB-1 (5 ng/5 μL) or HMGB-1(5 ng/5 μL) plus Cs-A (42 ng/2 μL), respectively. Retinal morphological changes were observed with hematoxylin–eosin staining. Expressions of HMGB-1, IL-1β and TNF-α were detected by immunohistochemistry, ELISA or western blot. Results:Retinal expression levels of IL-1β and TNF-α were upregulated in type 2 diabetic rats and in normal rats with intravitreal injection of HMGB-1, which were attenuated by intravitreal Cs-A. Moreover, Cs-A decreased HMGB-1 expression in diabetic retina and relieved the retinopathy in type 2 diabetic rats. Conclusions:Intravitreal administration of Cs-A showed a protective effect on retina of diabetic rats, possibly by downregulating retinal expressions of IL-1β and TNF-α via the suppression of HMGB-1.
Induced Mild Oxidative Stress by Ozone/Oxygen Therapy Enhances Therapy Antioxidant Capacities and Protects Testicular Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Rats
Authors: Naserzadeh Parvaneh , Jamali Zhaleh , Choobineh Hamid , Izadi Morteza , Salimi Ahmad 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background Testicular ischemia-reperfusion injury is an urgent situation which needs a timely and precise diagnosis for prevention of testis damages. Methods In here we investigated the preventive effect of combination ozone/oxygen therapy in testicular ischemia induced by reperfusion injury. For this purpose, animal was divided to four groups; control, torsion/detortion, torsion/detortion + ozone/oxygen (30 µg/ml) and only ozone/oxygen. Four hours after detorsion, in all groups orchiectomy was done on the animal at for measurement of oxidative stress and mitochondrial toxicity parameters. Also, we preformed analysis of testicular spermatogenesis after three months. Results Our data indicated that testicular torsion-detorsion induced a remarkable decline in the enzymes such ad catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), activities and also a significant raise in mitochondrial toxicity and decrease of spermatogenesis, malondialdehyde and GSSG levels were shown. The rats treated with ozone/oxygen therapy indicated a significant raise in GPx, SOD and CAT activities. Also, spermatogenesis, a remarkable decrease in malondialdehyde GSSG levels and mitochondrial toxicities were observed when compared with torsion-detorsion group. Conclusion Obtained results for this research proved that mild ozone/oxygen therapy enhance antioxidant properties in the spermatogenic cells and protects testes from ischemia-reperfusion injury.
Exogenous abscisic acid induces on lipid and flavonoid metabolism of tea plant under drought stress
Authors: Gai Zhongshuai , Wang Yu , Ding Yiqian , Qian Wenjun , Xie Hui , Sun Litao , Jiang Zhongwu , Ma Qingping , Wang Linjun , Ding Zhaotang 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background: Abscisic acid (ABA) is an important phytohormone responsible for activating drought resistance, but the regulation mechanism of exogenous ABA on tea plants under drought stress was rarely reported. Results: The results showed that the exogenous ABA significantly induced the metabolic pathways of tea leaves under drought stress, including the chlorophyll synthesis, photosynthesis, sucrose and starch metabolism, TCA cycle, glycolysis, lipid metabolism and flavonoids biosynthesis. In which, the exogenous ABA could up-regulated the genes related to lipid metabolism and flavonoid biosynthesis, including LPCAT , ALDH, FLS, CHI, DFR, and down-regulated the genes related to lipid metabolism and flavonoid biosynthesis, including FATB, EKI, DGK , PAL, 4CL . The exogenous ABA could also increase the contents of flavone, anthocyanins, flavonol, isoflavone of tea leaves under drought stress, including delphinidin 3-O-glucosidewere, cyanidin 3-O-rutinoside, kaempferitrin, sakuranetin, prunetin, kaempferol, and decrease the contents of glycerophospholipids, glycerolipids and fatty acids of tea leaves under drought stress, including LysoPE 14:0, LysoPE 16:0, LysoPE 18:0, LysoPE 18:1, LysoPC 15:1 and LysoPC 16:0. And there were strong correlations between the genes and metabolites. Conclusions: The results suggested that the exogenous ABA could alleviate the damages of tea leaves under drought stress through inducing the expressions of the genes and altering the contents of metabolites in response to drought stress. The data also provide a good foundation for further research on the roles of the genes and metabolites in response to ABA.
MTHFR (C677T, A1298C) and MTRR (A66G) polymorphisms associated with the risk of megaloblastic anemia in China
Authors: Zhang Jihong , Wang Shaokun 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Purpose MTHFR (C677T and A1298C) and MTRR (A66G) polymorphisms have been reported to be associated with the increased risk of cardiovascular diseases, pregnancy complications, and neural tube defects, except megaloblastic anemia (MA). Therefore, here, we investigated the correlation between MTHFR (C677T, A1298C) and MTRR (A66G) polymorphisms and the risk of MA. Methods MTHFR (C677T, A1298C) and MTRR (A66G) mutations in 41 newly diagnosed MA patients and 40 controls were detected by real-time PCR. Results We found that the homozygous mutant 677TT, rather than the heterozygous mutant 677CT, in MA patients is more frequent than that in controls. However, no significant differences were noted in MTHFR (A1298C) and MTRR (A66G) polymorphisms. In combined genotypes, the proportion of homozygous mutations in patients was significantly higher than that in wild and heterozygous mutation types. Furthermore, the clinical examination indices such as mean corpuscular volume, homocysteine, vitamin B12, hemoglobin and red blood cells levels were more abnormal in MA patients with 677TT, 66GG and 66AG genotypes than those in wild genotypes. Finally, a linear correlation between scores and clinical features of MA in scoring system was derived. High risk group exhibited higher prevalence rate of MA and showed more abnormal clinical examination indices than those showed by the low risk group. Conclusions The proportion of homozygous MTHFR (C677T, A1298G) and MTRR (A66G) mutations has positive correlation with the morbidity of MA in China. The polymorphism scoring system might be useful to assess the risk of MA effectively.