bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Jack bean as tempe ingredients: The safety study and fate of protein against gastrointestinal enzymes
Authors: Puspitojati E , Indrati R , Cahyanto M N , Marsono Y 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
This study evaluated the change of hydrogen cyanide (HCN) content and concanavalin A (Con A) activity during the processing of jack bean tempe. In addition, the fate of protein of cooked tempe following in vitro gastrointestinal digestion was also investigated. The jack bean tempe was prepared by the step of the soaking-boiling-soaking-boiling-fermentation process. The mature tempe was harvested on 48 h of fermentation and followed by the cooking process for 10 min (T10) and 20 min (T20). The results showed the soaking, soaking-boiling, soaking-boiling-soaking, and soaking-boiling-soaking-boiling were able to decrease the HCN content of jack bean as much as 3.98; 85.88; 92.88 and 97.95%, respectively. It did not significantly change during fermentation with content for mature tempe was as low as 0.71 ppm, which is categorized as a safe level according to FAO. The haemagglutination assay of Con A showed the protein extracted from raw jack bean provided red blood cell clotting, while it was not found in the protein extracted from boiled jack bean and jack bean tempe. In the in vitro digestion model, both T10 and T20 samples showed that there was no significant change in peptides content before and after hydrolysis using pepsin (p<0.05). The action of gastrointestinal enzymes improved the released of the bioactive peptides which have the ability to inhibit angiotensin – I – converting enzyme (ACE). It can be concluded that the jack bean was the safe protein source for consumption as tempe. Furthermore, the protein of cooked tempe was highly hydrolyzed following in vitro gastrointestinal digestion produced bioactive peptides with high ACE inhibitory activity.
Impacts of supplementation of probiotics on the prevalence of grape marc derived polyphenols in colonic digesta using in vitro digestion model
Authors: Li M J , Loo Y T , Cheng L , Howell K , Zhang P Z 
Published: October 2019

AbstractGrape marc is a by-product of winemaking that contains numerous polyphenols, the bioavailability of polyphenol is largely dependent on their metabolism by probiotics or gut microbiome. The two-way phenolic-microbiota interaction has been postulated as the microorganisms and specific polyphenols could affect each other and exert beneficial effects on the host health. However, the oral taken probiotics showed a low survival rate in the gastrointestinal tract, while using encapsulation technique can provide them with a protective microenvironment. The objective of this study was to investigate the bioaccessibility of polyphenols originated from whole grape marc, consisting of seeds, skins and stems, combined with encapsulated oral taken probiotics, usingin vitrodigestion model and analytical chemistry techniques. 23 phenolic compounds were evaluated in this study, which included phenolic acids, anthoxanthins and stilbenes. This study showed that the encapsulated probiotics were protected by microcapsules until being liberated in the large intestine, and the metabolism of some polyphenols derived from selected grape marc samples was promoted by probiotics. These results indicate the potential of combining grape marc polyphenols with probiotics to develop a new health product. Furthermore, this provides the wine industry with an opportunity to make a profit by using by-products.
Correlations between circulating ghrelin concentrations and growth performance, carcass traits, meat quality indices in finishing bulls fed high-concentrate diets
Authors: Geng C Y , Meng Q X , Zhang M 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Circulating ghrelin concentrations could potentially be used as a predictor of production traits in cattle. This study aimed to clarify the correlations between circulating total ghrelin concentrations and growth performance, carcass traits, meat quality indices in finishing bulls fed high-concentrate diets. Fifty-seven Simmental × Luxi F1 crossbred bulls (approximately 24 month of age, mean body weight ± SD: 514 ± 27 kg) were used for 112-days finishing experiment. Circulating total ghrelin concentrations and relevant indices of growth performance, carcass traits and meat quality were measured during or after finishing trial. The results indicated that the total ghrelin concentrations were positively correlated with dry matter intake (DMI) (r = 0.278, P = 0.046) and were not correlated to other growth indices including initial body weight (BW), final body weight, average daily gain (ADG) and feed efficiency (feed : gain) (P > 0.05). The total ghrelin concentrations were positively correlated with meat-bone ratio (r = 0.269, P = 0.045) and tended to be positively correlated to highrib weight (r = 0.234, P = 0.083). Moreover, total ghrelin concentrations were not correlated to other carcass traits indices such as hot carcass weight, dressing percentage, Longissimus dorsi muscle (LM) area and 12th rib fat thickness (P > 0.05). Total ghrelin concentrations tended to be negatively correlated to the shear force of beef (r = - 0.299, P = 0.064), and were not correlated to other meat quality indices such as moisture, pH, drip loss, cooking loss, meat color conventional chemical composition and fatty acid composition (P > 0.05). In conclusion, circulating total ghrelin concentrations were associated with DMI, meat-bone ratio and beef tenderness in finishing bulls fed high concentrated diet, and it could be used as a potential biomarker for evaluation of animal production traits such as DMI and beef tenderness in finishing bulls fed high concentrate diets.
Determination of lipophilic shellfish toxins in bivalve mollusks by ultra-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole linear ion trap mass spectrometry
Authors: Liu G Y , Wang Z H , Ge K , Song L , Du J , Wu J H , Wang K , Li A 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
In the study, a method developed for the determination of lipophilic shellfish toxins in muscular tissues of Ruditapes philippinarum was presented. Lipophilic shellfish toxins contain Dinophysistoxin-1 (DTX1), dinophysistoxin-2 (DTX2) and homo-yessotoxins (h-YTX). We used microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) method with methanol as extractant to perform the sample preparation for muscular tissues of Ruditapes philippinarum and analyzed the crude extracts by ultra-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole linear ion trap mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). The microwave-assisted extraction operational parameters, including extraction temperature and volume, the solvent type and time, were selected detailed about extraction efficiency of lipophilic shellfish toxins from Ruditapes philippinarum muscular tissues. The method recoveries at three different spiked levels proved to be in the range from 50.47% to 94.98%. (<10%). The limits of detection (LOD) of three compounds were between 0.001–0.05μg/kg, and it could meet the requirements for the actual samples. Then, this developed method was applied to actual samples which demonstrated that the method was a useful tool for the rapid quantitative detection lipophilic shellfish toxins. All in all, this determined method shows its good selectivity and sensitivity for the analysis of lipophilic shellfish toxins in tissues of Ruditapes philippinarum.
A review: Adaptation of escape route for a framework of road disaster resilient
Authors: Redzuan A A , Anuar A N , Zakaria R , Aminudin E , Alias N E , Yuzir M A M , Alzahari M R 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Transportation system plays a vital role in sustaining the economic and social well-being of a community. Disaster or extreme hazard such as earthquake, storms, landslide, flood, terrorism, etc. has a major impact on the resilience of the road, especially in ensuring the impact toward the recovery for communities. Road infrastructure is linked to many encompassing factors such as road user, climate, economy, material, topography and periodic maintenance. Recently, unpredicted climate causes heavy rain, landslide, and flood resulting in high losses bared by the government on the repair and reconstruction works. Previous events have revealed that certain road areas in Malaysia are vulnerable after exposed to damage due to the natural disaster. This paper highlights the identified factors that contribute to adaptation on the escape route for road disaster resilient. A comprehensive review was done to identify a few missing approaches in the road network resiliency, which include a temporal route option as part of the adaptive routing solution. The research is expected to become a reference to overcome disruption in the road network in time of disaster or crisis while supporting the government initiative to strengthen the resilience of the nation’s infrastructure.
Modelling corrosion of steel reinforcement in concrete
Authors: Ožbolt J , Balabanić G , Oršanić F 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Aggressive environmental conditions, such as exposure to the sea climate or use of de-icing salts, have considerable influence on durability of reinforced concrete structures due to the reinforcement corrosion induced damage. In the present paper, the recently developed coupled 3D chemo-hygro-thermo-mechanical (CHTM) model for concrete is discussed. The model takes into account the interaction between non-mechanical processes and mechanical properties of concrete (damage). The mechanical part of the model is based on the microplane model. It is validated through a 3D transient FE analysis of a pull-out of corroded steel reinforcement from a concrete beam-end specimen, which was exposed to aggressive environmental conditions. For the corrosion phase, the influence of the anode and cathode position on the electric potential, current density, corrosion rate and corrosion induced damage is investigated. Moreover, the effect of corrosion on the pull-out capacity of reinforcement and the influence of transport of corrosion products through cracks are studied.
Nano insulation materials exploiting the Knudsen effect
Authors: Jelle B P , Mofid S A , Gao T , Grandcolas M , Sletnes M , Sagvolden E 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
As the world’s focus is turned even stronger toward miscellaneous energy efficiency and saving aspects, the development of new high-performance thermal insulation materials for building applications will play an important role in this regard. The aim of the presented study is to develop an understanding for the governing thermal transport mechanisms and utilize the Knudsen effect in nanoporous insulation materials through theoretical concepts and experimental laboratory explorations, thus being able to synthesize nano insulation materials (NIM) with very low thermal conductivity values as a major goal. NIMs based on hollow silica nanospheres (HSNS) have been synthesized by a sacrificial template method, where the idea is that the heat transport by gas conductance and gas/solid state interactions decreases with decreasing pore diameters in the nano range as predicted by the Knudsen effect. HSNS with reduced thermal conductivity compared to their solid counterparts have been prepared where the hollow sphere cavities and voids between the spheres are filled with air at atmospheric pressure, i.e. eliminating the need for various measures like e.g. protective metallized foils to maintain a vacuum or expensive low-conducting gases in the cavities and voids. Hence, HSNS represent a promising stepping-stone toward the future high-performance thermal insulation materials.
Modeling the absorption of CO2 in solvents enhanced by nanoparticle in polymeric membranes
Authors: Ghasem N 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Lately nanomaterial received substantial consideration by several researchers. Solid nanoparticles prove to have extensive applications in composite materials and in the enhancement of mass and heat transfer. Adding nanoparticles to a base fluid improves the performance of mass and heat transfer. The effect of the addition of nanoparticles to base fluids, such as pure water and aqueous sodium hydroxide, show significant improvement in the percent removal of carbon dioxide from a gas composed of 15% CO2 balance is CH4 using gas-liquid hollow fiber membrane contactor. Results reveal that the rate of absorption of carbon dioxide increases with an increase in the concentration of nanoparticles up to certain extent beyond which insignificant removal rate is observed. Predicted results revealed that the percent removal of CO2 in the existence of CNT and NaOH is 35% and 40%, respectively.
The influence of the powder additive upon selected mechanical properties of a composite
Authors: Szczepaniak R , Rolecki K , Krzyzak A 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Five series of samples were prepared, each batch consisting of 20 epoxy-resin items, CES R70 with CES H72 hardener and 4 types of powder additives: montmorillonite (MMT), Expancell d25 Microsphere (microsphere), nanocarbon (NanoC) and silicon carbide (SiC). All the additives were added in quantities corresponding to 15% of the total volume share of the material. The test samples for tensile test and three-point transverse bend test were made in accordance with the standards: PN-EN ISO 527-1 and PN-EN ISO 178. The addition of powder materials into the resin affected the change of the examined parameters when investigating the mechanical properties. The static tensile test proved the supposition about changing the strength of the material. It also confirmed the change in fragility of the prepared samples in relation to the base material. Similar conclusions may be drawn from the development of the research findings of the materials with regard to bending and hardness of the produced samples.
Novel acid soluble consolidating material to overcome lost circulation problems in reservoir intervals
Authors: Feng J , Zheng L H , Li L , Hao H J , Zhang C , Zhang Z 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Based on lost circulation problem, a new kind of acid soluble consolidating material was developed, and the sealing characteristics were evaluated. This acid soluble consolidating material had the characteristics of rapid water loss, high filter-cake consistency and high acid dissolution. The results indicated that the obtained curing slug had good stability at high temperature, and the sealing strength of curing slug was as high as 10 MPa. High temperature and high pressure (HTHP) sealing analog experiment indicated that the maximum pressure-bearing capacity of plugged zone was up to 18.5 MPa. Using this consolidating material to seal the shale is a very powerful and economical approach to address lost circulation problem in troublesome thief zones.
Novel hybrid composite based on bio-PET with basalt/carbon fibre
Authors: Kuciel S , Mazur K 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The aim of this work was to evaluate the possibility of manufacturing hybrid composites based on one of the latest generations of bio derivative polyethylene terephthalate with equal amounts of basalt and carbon fibres. This combination of two types of fibres gives the opportunity to obtain synergistic strength and performance properties. Samples obtained by injection moulding were characterized by morphological, mechanical (tensile, flexural, impact) and processing (softening temperature, thermal expansion and shrinkage) properties. Light-weight and bio-based hybrid composites based on bio-PET matrix with already 10 wt% basalt fibres and 10 wt% carbon fibres are characterized by more than 90 % increase in tensile strength and they have almost four times increase in the modulus of elasticity at a wide range of temperatures. Due to the good mechanical properties of hybrid composites, they can be successfully used in various industry sectors, mainly for consumer goods, household appliances and in automotive industry. Products made of bio-based sources pose a significantly lower threat to the environment than those from petrochemical sources.
Effect of halloysite nanotube loading on structure, mechanical and thermal properties of poly (l-lactic acid) / poly-(butylene succinate) blend
Authors: Liu H Y , Chen L , Li W , Wang K W 
Published: October 2019

AbstractPoly (l-lactic acid) (PLA)/poly-(butylene succinate) (PBS)/Halloysite Nanotubes (HNT) composites were prepared via melting compounding in a twin-screw extruder. The effects of HNT addition on mechanical properties, thermal properties of PLA/PBS blends were investigated. The structure of ternary composites was studied by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and the results revealed that a small incorporation of HNT dispersed well in the two polymers. Ternary composites presented improved tensile strength and elongation at break at low loading levels of HNT. Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA) results showed that the addition of HNT significantly increased storage modulus of PLA/PBS composites. The differential scanning calorimetry analysis indicated that HNT can sever as nucleating agent for PLA in ternary composites, which lead to decreased cold crystallization temperature and increased crystallinity of PLA.
Study on performance of micro heat dissipation system base on liquid metal
Authors: Yun H R , Zhang X X 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
This paper introduces an advanced liquid metal microcirculation system that uses a liquid metal cycle driven by an electromagnetic pump to achieve heat dissipation. The overall thickness of the structure can be as flimsy as 0.9mm, and the heat dissipation capacity is more than twice that of the corresponding ultra-thin heat pipe. This paper analyzes the performance of the complex by experimenting with the sample and comparing it with the software simulation results, and demonstrates the theoretical analysis method of the liquid metal microcirculation system.
Study on the electrical properties of polypyrrole nanowires/silica composites
Authors: Weng Z J , Zhao Z W , Fang Y , Wu J D , Jiang H L 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
In recent years, conductive composites have been attracted more attentions, but their applications and developments are restricted by the deficiency of the research on conductive mechanism. The electrical conductivity and percolation threshold of silica (SiO2) matrix with different particle sizes using polypyrrole nanowires (PPy-NWs) as fillers are experimentally investigated. The results show that the electrical properties of PPy-NWs/SiO2 composites typically exhibit a non-linear percolation behavior. PPy-NWs/SiO2 (30 nm) nanocomposites need more filler content to achieve percolation threshold compared to that of PPy-NWs/SiO2 composites with 2 µm SiO2 particles as matrix. The conductive behavior of these composites is the result of the interaction and competition of various conductive mechanisms. The difference in electrical properties of PPy-NWs/SiO2 composites with different particle size SiO2 as matrix is attributed to the effect of matrix size on tunnelling conduction and the establishment of conductive pathways. Moreover, a two-dimensional conductive network model filled with PPy-NWs and an effective electrical resistivity model of PPy-NWs/SiO2 composites were established. The simulation models can reflect the electrical properties of conductive composites, and are well agreement with the experimental data.
Improved wear resistance and mechanical properties of multifunctional polymer nanocomposites for advanced engineering applications
Authors: Uyor U O , Popoola A P I , Popoola O M 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Improvement of wear behaviour and mechanical properties of polymers as bulk and surface coating materials for advanced engineering applications have been research interest. Improved wear resistance and mechanical properties were achieved in this study by incorporation of surface modified graphene and titanium dioxide nano-powder in poly (vinylidene fluoride) matrix via solution blending and melt compounding. The morphology of the nanocomposites was studied using scanning electron microscope (SEM). The nanocomposites showed significant reduction in wear volume and enhanced mechanical properties due to the presence of surface modified nanofillers. About 76.5% reduction in wear volume, 52% and 186.5% increase in tensile strength and Young modulus respectively were achieved in this study. The surface modification of the nanofillers was essential in dispersion of the nanofillers in the polymer matrix and the improved properties recorded. Such nanocomposites can find applications as protective surface coating materials for high frictional condition and bulk materials for automobile and aerospace components.
Effect of the combination of hydrophilic nano-SiO2 and gaffix VC-713 polymer on CH4 hydrate formation: Insight from the experimental study
Authors: Wang R , Xu X G , Shi X M , Li Y Y , Zhang J , Yang Z 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
In this paper, the effect of the combination of hydrophilic nano-SiO2 with a particle size of 80 nm and gaffix VC-713 polymer (VC-713) on their hydrate inhibition was investigated at 4.0°C and 6.0 MPa, and the underlying influence mechanism was analysed by a multiple scales of the meso-structural observation experiments. Experimental results indicated that the combination doesn’t exhibit any synergistic inhibition effect on the formation of CH4 hydrate, but it weakens the hydrate inhibition abilities of both components. Moreover, with the increase of the VC-713 content to 0.75 wt% and 1.00 wt%, the inhibition of hydrophilic nano-SiO2 completely disappears.
Assessment of the physical properties of banana pseudo stem/ABS composites
Authors: Ahmed M S , Attia T , Abd El-Wahab A A , Elgamsy R , Abd El-latif M H 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe physical properties of Banana Pseudo Stem (BPS) reinforced Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS) composites with different fiber weight percentages were studied. BPS fibers were pretreated by using Sodium hydroxide solution with 5% concentration for 24 hours. ABS/BPS composites were prepared with 0, 10, 20 and 30 wt. % fibers. The Moisture Content (MC %) and Water Absorption (WA %) for BPS fiber were studied. The water absorption (WA %) and Thickness Swelling (TS %) of the composites were investigated. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) observation for fracture surfaces was also studied. The Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) analyses were used to measure the thermal stability and glass transition temperature (Tg) of BPS/ABS composites. Moreover, the melt flow index (MFI) and dimensional stability tests for the composites were studied.
Dynamic response analysis of polyoxymethylene hydrofoils using the hybrid pitch mode FSI method
Authors: Jang W-S , Choi W-S , Hong S-Y , Song J-H , Kwon H-W 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
In this paper, the objective is to analyze the dynamic responses of 2D pitching polyoxymethylene (POM) hydrofoils in the uniform flow using the hybrid coupling Fluid-Structure Interaction (FSI) method, which takes account of added mass effects and show its robustness by comparing with the experiments. First, FSI analysis using the empirical formula of hydrodynamic forces around hydrofoils was performed and validated by comparing the analysis results of the weak coupling FSI method and the hybrid coupling FSI method with the analytic solution. Next, The FSI method with Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) was implemented in the framework of OpenFOAM, the open-source CFD code. Flow analysis and structural analysis were performed for every time step in the calculations. Here, the flow analysis was performed using Large Eddy Simulation (LES) scheme and the structural analysis was performed by solving the equation which considered the pitch mode of deformable hydrofoils. Dynamic responses of 2D NACA0015 POM hydrofoils using the hybrid coupling FSI method well matched with the experimental results qualitatively, where dynamic responses without the hybrid coupling FSI method showed numerical instability. It is shown that the hybrid coupling FSI method considering added mass effects should be considered for analysis of deformable hydrofoils.