bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Posterior Use of BMP-2 in Cervical Deformity Surgery Does Not Result in Increased Early Complications: A Prospective Multicenter Study
Authors: Iyer Sravisht , Kim Han Jo , Bao Hongda , Smith Justin S. , Gupta Munish , Albert Todd J. , Protopsaltis Themistocles S. , Mundis Gregory M. , Passias Peter , Neuman Brian J. , Klineberg Eric O. , Lafage Virginie , Ames Christopher P. 
Published: March 2018

Study Design: Prospective cohort study. Objectives: To describe the rate of short-term complications following the posterior use of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein–2 (rhBMP-2) in cervical deformity (CD) surgery. Methods: CD patients from 2013 to 2015 were enrolled in a prospective, multicenter database. Patients were divided into those receiving rhBMP-2 (BMP) and no rhBMP-2 (NOBMP). The relationship between BMP use, demographic variables surgical variables, radiographic parameters and complications was evaluated. Results: A total of 100 patients (47 BMP, 53 NOBMP) were included. Follow-up time averaged 7.6 months (range 3-12 months). An average of 13.6mg of BMP was used per person with 1.49 mg per level. Compared with the NOBMP group, patients in the BMP group were older ( P = .03). BMP was more commonly used in patients that and had longer prior fusions (6.0 vs 2.5, P < .01). There were no differences between groups with regards to a history of surgery, Charlson Comorbidity Index, estimated blood loss, operation time, fusion levels, and surgical approach. The maintenance of radiographic parameters at 6-month follow-up was similar. There were no differences in terms of total complication incidence, total complications per person, major complications per person or any specific complication. Linear regression and Pearson correlation analysis did not reveal any strong r2 values ( r2 = 0.09, 0.08, 0.06) between the use of BMP and complications (major or operative). Conclusions: BMP use was not directly associated with an increased incidence of early complications in this prospective cohort of operative adult CD patients. Its use was associated with increased number of levels instrumented and fused.
Prediction of Scoliosis Curve Correction Using Pedicle Screw Constructs in AIS: A Comparison of Fulcrum Bend Radiographs and Traction Radiographs Under General Anesthesia
Authors: Tokala Devi Prakash , Nelson Ian W. , Mehta Jwalant S. , Powell Roy , Grannum Sean , Hutchinson M. John 
Published: March 2018

Study Design: Retrospective radiographic review. Objectives: Our objectives were to (1) compare the ability of fulcrum bend radiographs and traction radiographs under general anesthesia to predict correction of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) using pedicle screw only constructs and (2) compare the fulcrum bend correction index (FBCI) with a new measurement: the traction correction index (TCI). Methods: This is a retrospective radiographic review of 80 AIS patients (62 female and 18 male), who underwent scoliosis correction with pedicle screw only constructs. The mean age at surgery was 14 years (range 9-20 years). Radiographic analysis was carried out on the preoperative and immediate postoperative posteroanterior standing radiographs and the preoperative fulcrum bend radiographs and traction radiographs under general anesthesia. FBCI is calculated by dividing the correction rate by the fulcrum flexibility and TCI is calculated by dividing the correction rate by the traction flexibility. Results: Preoperative mean Cobb angle of 63.9° was corrected to 25.8° postoperatively. The mean fulcrum bending Cobb angle was 37.6° and traction Cobb angle was 26.6°. The mean fulcrum flexibility was 41.1%, traction flexibility 58.4%, and correction rate 59.6%. The median FBCI was 137% and TCI was 104.3%. Conclusions: When comparing fulcrum bend and traction radiographs, we found the traction radiographs to be more predictive of curve correction in AIS using pedicle screw constructs. TCI takes into account the curve flexibility better than FBCI.
Adjacent Segment Disease After Posterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion: A Case Series of 1000 Patients
Authors: Okuda Shinya , Yamashita Tomoya , Matsumoto Tomiya , Nagamoto Yukitaka , Sugiura Tsuyoshi , Takahashi Yoshifumi , Maeno Takafumi , Iwasaki Motoki 
Published: March 2018

Study Design: Retrospective study. Objective: There have been few reports of adjacent segment disease (ASD) after posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) with large numbers and long follow-up. The purpose of this study was to investigate (1) ASD incidence and time periods after primary PLIF, (2) repeat ASD incidence and time periods, and (3) ASD incidence and time periods by fusion length, age, and preoperative pathologies. Methods: A total of 1000 patients (average age 67 years, average follow-up 8.3 years) who underwent PLIF for degenerative lumbar disorders were reviewed. ASD was defined as a symptomatic condition in which revision surgery was required. Results: The overall ASD rate was 9.0%, and the average ASD period was 4.7 years after primary surgery. With respect to clinical features of ASD, degenerative spondylolisthesis at the cranial fusion segment was the most frequent. In terms of repeat ASD, second and third ASD incidences were 1.1% and 0.4%, respectively. As for ASD by fusion length, age, and preoperative pathologies, ASD incidence was increased by fusion length, while the time period to ASD was significantly shorter in elderly patients and those with degenerative lumbar scoliosis. Conclusions: In the present study, the overall ASD incidence was 9.0%, and the average ASD period was 4.7 years after primary operation. Second and third ASD incidences were 1.1% and 0.4%, respectively. Fusion length affected the ASD incidence, while aging factor and preoperative pathology affected the ASD time period.
Prostitution and Its Impact on Youth: Violence, Domination and Inequality
Authors: Pape Pierrette 
Published: March 2018

While the debates on prostitution usually focus on the different legislative approaches or the so-called choices of persons in prostitution, this article wants to give light to an invisible aspect of the system of prostitution: its impact on youth. Through research, data and facts, we want to show that it is urgent to listen to young women’s voices as they are detrimentally affected by an industry based on violence, domination and inequality. Based on a study conducted on young people in the South of France, at the borders with Spanish prostitution clubs, outcomes and analysis clearly demonstrate that prostitution is not only a form of male violence against women, it is also a system and an industry that contribute to gender inequality, to an unequal and negative representation of sexuality for young people, and to reduced choices in sexuality. Its impacts are far more detrimental than we can see, because they are invisible and entrenched in mentalities. Today, young people, and especially young women, are directly targeted by the system of prostitution. Rape culture, economic conditions, migration paths and sexual violence in the childhood are part of the root causes which explain the highest vulnerability of youth to the sex industry. Youth has become a strong commercial value for the sex industry and for the men buying sex; the sex industry does not discriminate on age and uses the existing laws tolerating pimping and prostitution to continue to flourish. The article points out that despite the politically correct trend which supports a neo-liberal approach to prostitution, young people are taking a stance against the sex industry and are strongly supporting the Nordic model approach; this raises an important question—Are we ready to listen to them?
A single-cell hematopoietic landscape resolves 8 lineage trajectories and defects in Kit mutant mice
Authors: Dahlin Joakim S. , Hamey Fiona K. , Pijuan-Sala Blanca , Shepherd Mairi , Lau Winnie W. Y. , Nestorowa Sonia , Weinreb Caleb , Wolock Samuel , Hannah Rebecca , Diamanti Evangelia , Kent David G. , Göttgens Berthold , Wilson Nicola K. 
Published: March 2018

Key PointsSingle-cell transcriptional landscape of 44 802 hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells defines entry points to 8 different blood lineages. Comparison with 13 815 c-Kit mutant cells identifies pleiotropic changes in cell type abundance and underlying molecular profiles.
ПОЛИТИЧЕСКИЕ И ПРАВОВЫЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ ОРГАНИЗАЦИИ ОПЕРАТИВНОГО РЕАГИРОВАНИЯ И ТЕХНИЧЕСКОГО ОБЕСПЕЧЕНИЯ СИЛ ЗАЩИТЫ ОТ БЕДСТВИЙ МОНГОЛИИ НА ВОЗНИКНОВЕНИЕ КРУПНЫХ ЧРЕЗВЫЧАЙНЫХ СИТУАЦИЙ
Authors: Gantumur Erdenebat 
Published: March 2018

Цель. Борьба с крупными чрезвычайными ситуациями (далее – ЧС) является важнейшим направлением государственной политики Монголии, закрепленной нормативным правовым и нормативно-техническим регулированием. Нормативными документами должно быть обеспечено прибытие в зону ликвидации крупномасштабных ЧС в Монголии больших сил специалистов-спасателей и техники. Маршруты, как и этапы выдвижения к районам возникших ЧС следует конкретно установить. Приоритетными должны быть маршруты выдвижения сил ГАЧС Монголии. Необходим учет возможной международной помощи, международного взаимодействия при проведении ликвидации ЧС.
Метод или методология проведения работы. Основу исследования образуют методы анализа и синтеза, дедукция, индукция, абстрагирование, наблюдение, изучение документов.
Результаты. Результаты работы заключаются в том, что обоснована необходимость ликвидации противоречия между необходимым и существующим уровнем разработки и применения крупномасштабных организационных, нормативных и технических мер реагирования монгольскими органами управления при крупномасштабных чрезвычайных ситуациях в Монголии. Готовность к такому реагированию является частью государственной политики Монголии, закрепленной нормативными правовыми актами и нормативно-техническими документами на всех уровнях управления. Правовое закрепление должно получить и международное взаимодействие.
Область применения результатов. Результаты исследования могут быть применены при подготовке политических решений в отношении защиты от крупных чрезвычайных ситуаций в Монголии и формировании необходимой нормативной правовой и нормативно-технической базы.
Quality and Pricing Decisions in a Market with Consumer Information Sharing
Authors: Jiang Baojun , Yang Bicheng 
Published: March 2018

We provide a dynamic, game-theoretic model to examine a firm’s quality and pricing decisions for its new experience goods. Early consumers do not observe product quality prior to purchase but can learn it after purchase and share that product-quality information with later consumers—for example, through online reviews. Both the firm’s quality decision and its cost efficiency are the firm’s private information and not directly observed by the consumer. The early consumers can make a rational inference from the firm’s price about its cost and quality taking into account the firm’s profit incentive from the later informed consumers. We find that in equilibrium a more cost-efficient firm chooses higher quality than does an inefficient firm. One might intuit that a firm will offer higher quality if its high efficiency is known to consumers than if its efficiency is not known, because it will no longer need to convince consumers that it is not the inefficient firm. Our analysis shows that, surprisingly, the opposite may be true—when a firm’s high efficiency is publicly known, the firm may reduce its product quality rather than increase it. Furthermore, consumers’ knowledge about the firm’s cost efficiency can reduce the consumer surplus. We also show that an improvement in the average cost efficiency in the market can lower the consumer surplus. The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2017.2930 . This paper was accepted by J. Miguel Villas-Boas, marketing.
When to Deploy Test Auctions in Sourcing
Authors: Beil Damian R. , Chen Qi (George) , Duenyas Izak , See Brendan D. 
Published: March 2018

We investigate when a buyer seeking to procure multiple units of an input may find it advantageous to run a “test auction” in which she has incumbent suppliers bid on a portion of the desired units. The test auction reveals incumbent supplier cost information that helps the buyer determine how many entrants (if any) to recruit at a cost prior to awarding the remaining units. The optimal number of entrant suppliers to recruit follows a threshold policy that is monotonic in the test auction’s clearing price unless the underlying supplier cost distribution is not regular. When setting her reserve price in the test auction, the buyer uses supplier recruitment as her “outside option”: if the reserve price is not met in the test auction, the buyer recruits new suppliers and runs a second auction. We compare the attractiveness of the test auction procedure relative to the more conventional procedure in which the buyer auctions off her entire demand in one auction. Since the buyer can choose ex ante which procedure to use, we propose using whichever has lower ex ante total (purchase plus recruitment) cost. Finally, using an optimal mechanism analysis, we find a lower bound on the buyer’s cost, and use that cost as a benchmark to show that our proposed sourcing strategy performs well given its ease of implementation. The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/msom.2017.0636 .
Health Services Use and Costs for Americans With Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities: A National Analysis
Authors: Fujiura Glenn T. , Li Henan , Magaña Sandy 
Published: March 2018

AbstractHealth services and associated costs for adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) were nationally profiled and the predictors of high expense users statistically modeled. Using linked data from the National Health Interview Survey and Medical Expenditure Panel Survey for the years 2002 through 2011, the study found a mixed pattern of differences in rates of service use and costs when compared to the general population depending upon personal characteristics, health status, and type of health care service. Prescription medication costs were the primary driver of total health care expenditures for Americans with IDD. The presence of secondary chronic health conditions and poor mental health status were the consistent predictors of high expense users across types of health care. Study results are discussed in terms of implications for more nuanced evaluations of health care costs and need for recurring surveillance of health care for Americans with IDD in the years following passage of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act.
An enhanced security tree to secure cloud data
Authors: Renu S. , Krishna Veni S.H. 
Published: March 2018

The Cloud computing services and security issues are growing exponentially with time. All the CSPs provide utmost security but the issues still exist. Number of technologies and methods are emerged and futile day by day. In order to overcome this situation, we have also proposed a data storage security system using a binary tree approach. Entire services of the binary tree are provided by a Trusted Third Party (TTP) .TTP is a government or reputed organization which facilitates to protect user data from unauthorized access and disclosure. The security services are designed and implemented by the TTP and are executed at the user side. Data classification, Data Encryption and Data Storage are the three vital stages of the security services. An automated file classifier classify unorganized files into four different categories such as Sensitive, Private, Protected and Public. Applied cryptographic techniques are used for data encryption. File splitting and multiple cloud storage techniques are used for data outsourcing which reduces security risks considerably. This technique offers file protection even when the CSPs compromise.
Ultra low power design approach of asynchronous delta sigma modulator
Authors: Kumar Sahu Anil , Sheikh Rashid , Surendar A. 
Published: March 2018

Asynchronous Delta Sigma Modulator (ADSM) is assuming an extremely vital part in the majority of conveying device and information convertor and in this manner requires the exceptional consideration in outlining. The execution of the vast majority of the device having DSM as an essential segment is described by the execution of the DSM hardware. This paper introduces the audit of work performed in planning of Asynchronous Delta Sigma Modulator. Latest trends are about the utilization of ADSM for various applications. Contrasting the execution of various ADSM circuits, an execution paradigm is settled for ADSM plan. The execution criteria basically think about the Low working voltages, low power utilization, high SNDR and better focus recurrence. At that point a strategy is suggested that characterizes the High execution ADSM that influence joined utilization of various methods to like inverse operation and mass driven MOS for ultra low power outline and enhancing the execution of an Asynchronous Delta Sigma Modulator.
Recommender system for business development using POI
Authors: Divya R. , Angel Latha Mary S. 
Published: March 2018

In the technology era, internet access is unavoidable to find something or to share something with the world. Because of Globalization, the need for withstanding in the competitive business market is a challenging task. If we are to start a new business, ideas are needed. It is a tough task to decide where to start a new business with a scope of good profit as well as what type of business to start. If the business is a existing system, then how to increase the profit will be a challenging task. Unfortunately, no existing system is available for business recommendation. The proposed system is a step to solve this problem. Our paper deals with this challenge.Initially, the user’s interest is obtained to fix a location as well as preferences were obtained for profit maximization. Then, the nearest neighbor is calculated from user’s preferences, checks for available businesses and recommends the business type to the user. In this paper, the step to calculate nearest neighbor for the preferences that the user gives are elaborated.
A cluster based load balancing in long term evaluation self optimization network
Authors: Nandhini R. , Udaya Nirmala Mary R. 
Published: March 2018

Load Balancing (lb) is an important use case in long-term evaluation (lte) self-optimizing networks (sons). To overcome the potential ping-pong load transfer and low-convergence issues, we propose a clustering algorithm in lte son to solve the asymmetry traffic distribution among multiple cells .The proposed algorithm, which is referred to as clustering algorithm which optimally redistributes the load of cells to the multiple cells on clustering. Thus the clustered nodes formed selects the cluster head based upon the efficiency of the node. The cluster head is responsible for gathering the information about all the nodes within and outside the cluster, thus the speed gets increased and convergence time gets reduced by this method the hidden node problem gets avoided by implementing the enhanced protocol.
An empirical study of organizational culture dimensions impacting employee’s performance in IT industry, Tamilna-du
Authors: M Karthik , Vasumathi A 
Published: March 2018

Every company has their own unique culture. Organizational culture is a set of norms, values, beliefs and vision that define how employees and managers intermingle within an organization. Irrespective of whether a preset list of company values present or not, an organization develops its own culture. However, organizations haven’t been paying as much attention to organizational culture until now. A 2015 study by Deloitte University Press found that 87% of the organizations surveyed now cite culture and employee engagement as their top challenges. Thus the current study aims at analyzing the impact of cultural dimensions on performance management in IT organizations. Analysis, conclusion and recommendations were drawn out based on the research and findings. The study found a significant association between experience of the respondents and their responses towards often getting reminder and warning to complete their tasks. The study has also found a significance variance between age of the respondents and the practices of Human Resource Department. The study has also found an association between variety of tasks being handled and employees’ performance.
Coalesce based binary table: an enhanced algorithm for mining frequent patterns
Authors: Sireesha M. , Vemuru Srikanth , TirumalaRao S. N. 
Published: March 2018

Frequent item set mining and association rule mining is the key tasks in knowledge discovery process. Various customized algorithms are being implemented in Association Rule Mining process to find the set of frequent patterns. Though we have many algorithms apriori is one of the standard algorithm for finding frequent itemsets, but this algorithm is inefficient because of several scans of database and more number of candidates to be generated. To overcome these limitations, in this paper a new algorithm called Coalesce based Binary Table is introduced. Through this algorithm the given database is scanned only once to generate Binary Table by which frequent-1 itemsets are found. To progress the process, infrequent-1 itemsets are identified and removed from the Binary Table to rearrange the items in support ascending order. To each frequent-1 itemset find Coalesce matrix and Index List to generate all frequent itemsets having the same support count as representative items and the remaining frequent itemsets are obtained in depth first manner. The significant benefits with the proposed method are the whole database is scanned only once, no need to generate and check each candidate to find the set of frequent items. On the other hand frequent items having the same support counts as representative items can be identified directly by joining the representative item with all the combinations of Coalesce matrix. So, it is proven that coalesce based Binary Table is panacea to cut short the time in identifying the frequent itemsets hence the efficiency is improved.
Design and analysis of energy harvester using MEMS based Cantilever with variable perforations
Authors: Prasad G.R.K , Siddaiah N. , Sanjeev P. , Raviteja A. , Karunya P. , Priyanka P.S. 
Published: March 2018

This paper represents the design and analysis of energy harvester using MEMS based cantilever with PMN-PT single crystal properties which has excellent piezoelectric properties while compared to other piezoelectric materials like PZT thick film. The design is analysed using COMSOL multi physics which is used for many MEMS operations and also problems related to physics with many mathematical calculations with better efficiency and ease to design. We designed a cantilever with PMN-PT properties which has good coupling coefficient and increased perforations in number in form of square and circular. We tested the displacement sensitivity i.e., the variation of displacement at different eigen frequencies with increase in number of perforations. We observe output voltage by designing electromechanical analysis and variation in output capacitance of 2 .41 x 10-22 Farads is observed.