bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phenotypic Prioritization of Diphyllin Derivatives That Block Filoviral Cell Entry by Vacuolar (H+)‐ATPase Inhibition
Authors: Lindstrom Aaron , Anantpadma Manu , Baker Logan , Raghavendra N. M. , Davey Robert , Davisson Vincent Jo 
Published: October 2018

AbstractMany viruses use endosomal pathways to gain entry into cells and propagate infection. Sensing of endosomal acidification is a trigger for the release of many virus cores into the cell cytosol. Previous efforts with inhibitors of vacuolar ATPase have been shown to block endosomal acidification and affect viral entry, albeit with limited potential for therapeutic selectivity. In this study, four novel series of derivatives of the vacuolar ATPase inhibitor diphyllin were synthesized to assess their potential for enhancing potency and anti‐filoviral activity over cytotoxicity. Derivatives that suitably blocked cellular entry of Ebola pseudotyped virus were further evaluated as inhibitors of endosomal acidification and isolated human vacuolar ATPase activity. Several compounds with significant increases in potency over diphyllin in these assays also separated from cytotoxic doses in human cell models by >100‐fold. Finally, three derivatives were shown to be inhibitors of replication‐competent Ebola viral entry into primary macrophages with similar potencies and enhanced selectivity toward antiviral activity.
In silico Screening and Evaluation of Plasmodium falciparum Protein Kinase 5 (PK5) Inhibitors
Authors: Eubanks Amber L. , Perkins Marisha M. , Sylvester Kayla , Ganley Jack G. , Posfai Dora , Sanschargrin Paul C. , Hong Jiyong , Sliz Piotr , Derbyshire Emily R. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractAn in silico screen of 350 000 commercially available compounds was conducted with an unbiased approach to identify potential malaria inhibitors that bind to the Plasmodium falciparum protein kinase 5 (PfPK5) ATP‐binding site. PfPK5 is a cyclin‐dependent kinase‐like protein with high sequence similarity to human cyclin‐dependent kinase 2 (HsCDK2), but its precise role in cell‐cycle regulation remains unclear. After two‐dimensional fingerprinting of the top scoring compounds, 182 candidates were prioritized for biochemical testing based on their structural diversity. Evaluation of these compounds demonstrated that 135 bound to PfPK5 to a similar degree or better than known PfPK5 inhibitors, confirming that the library was enriched with PfPK5‐binding compounds. A previously reported triazolodiamine HsCDK2 inhibitor and the screening hit 4‐methylumbelliferone were each selected for an analogue study. The results of this study highlight the difficult balance between optimization of PfPK5 affinity and binding selectivity for PfPK5 over its closest human homologue HsCDK2. Our approach enabled the discovery of several new PfPK5‐binding compounds from a modest screening campaign and revealed the first scaffold to have improved PfPK5/HsCDK2 selectivity. These steps are critical for the development of PfPK5‐targeting probes for functional studies and antimalarials with decreased risks of host toxicity.
Suicide risk among cancer survivors: Head and neck versus other cancers
Authors: Osazuwa‐Peters Nosayaba , Simpson Matthew C. , Zhao Longwen , Boakye Eric Adjei , Olomukoro Stephanie I. , Deshields Teresa , Loux Travis M. , Varvares Mark A. , Schootman Mario 
Published: October 2018

BackgroundCancer survivors face psychosocial issues that increase their risk of suicide. This study examined the risk of suicide across cancer sites, with a focus on survivors of head and neck cancer (HNC).MethodsThe Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results 18‐registry database (from 2000 to 2014) was queried for the top 20 cancer sites in the database, including HNC. The outcome of interest was suicide as a cause of death. The mortality rate from suicide was estimated for HNC sites and was compared with rates for 19 other cancer sites that were included in the study. Poisson regression was used to estimate adjusted rate ratios (aRRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for 1) HNC versus non‐HNC sites (the other 19 cancer sites combined), and 2) HNC versus each individual cancer site. Models were stratified by sex, controlling for race, marital status, age, year, and stage at diagnosis.ResultsThere were 404 suicides among 151,167 HNC survivors from 2000 to 2014, yielding a suicide rate of 63.4 suicides per 100,000 person‐years. In this timeframe, there were 4493 suicides observed among 4219,097 cancer survivors in the study sample, yielding an incidence rate of 23.6 suicides per 100,000 person‐years. Compared with survivors of other cancers, survivors of HNC were almost 2 times more likely to die from suicide (aRR, 1.97; 95% CI, 1.77‐2.19). There was a 27% increase in the risk of suicide among HNC survivors during the period from 2010 to 2014 (aRR, 1.27; 95% CI, 1.16‐1.38) compared with the period from 2000 to 2004.ConclusionsAlthough survival rates in cancer have improved because of improved treatments, the risk of death by suicide remains a problem for cancer survivors, particularly those with HNC.
Obtaining a Genetic Family History Using Computer‐Based Tools
Authors: Li Weilong , Murray Michael F. , Giovanni Monica A. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractFamily health history has long been known to be a powerful predictor of individual disease risk. It can be obtained prior to DNA sequencing in order to examine inheritance patterns, to be used as a proxy for genetic information, or as a tool to guide decision‐making on the utility of diagnostic genetic testing. Increasingly, it is also being obtained retrospectively from sequenced individuals to examine familial disease penetrance and to identify at‐risk relatives for cascade testing. The collection of adequate family history information to screen patients for disease risk and guide decision‐making is a time‐consuming process that is difficult to accomplish exclusively through discussion between patients and their providers. Engaging individuals and families in data collection and data entry has the potential to improve data accuracy through re‐iterative review with family members and health care providers, and to empower patients in their healthcare. In addition, electronic datasets can be shared amongst relatives and stored in electronic health records or personal files, enabling portability of family history information. The U.S. Surgeon General, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), and others have developed tools for electronic family history collection to help families and providers obtain this useful information in an efficient manner. This unit describes the utility of the web‐based My Family Health Portrait (https://familyhistory.hhs.gov) as the prototype for patient‐entered family history. © 2018 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Photochromic Ionic Liquids Containing Cationic Spiropyran Derivatives
Authors: Funasako Yusuke , Okada Hirochika , Inokuchi Makoto 
Published: October 2018

AbstractIonic liquids containing photochromic spiropyran derivatives have been synthesized. The salts with octyl functional groups are viscous liquids at room temperature and exhibit drastic color changes between yellow and purple when irradiated with UV and visible light. The salts with butyl and methyl functional groups are solids with no photochromic properties.
Perceived oral health in patients after bariatric surgery using oral health‐related quality of life measures
Authors: Karlsson Lena , Carlsson Johanna , Jenneborg Kristina , Kjaeldgaard Marianne 
Published: October 2018

AbstractObesity is an increasing problem of the 21st century. A frequent intervention is bariatric surgery. The impact of bariatric surgery on oral health is largely unknown. The aim of the present case–control study was to survey the perceived oral health amongst individuals that had undergone bariatric surgery and compare the measures with two cohorts consisting of healthy individuals with respectively at or below versus above a body mass index score of 30. Study volunteers were recruited from interest group on the Internet. The study participants completed online a validated oral health‐related quality of life scale, that is, OHIP‐S. The three cohorts consisted of individuals that had undergone bariatric surgery (OS, n = 77) and the healthy obese (ONS, n = 45) and nonobese individuals (HNS, n = 71). Nonparametric Kruskal–Wallis rank sum tests were used to estimate likelihood of nondifference amongst the three cohorts. Individuals that had undergone bariatric surgery reported significant more oral health problems than the study participants in with the two other cohorts. Their perception of oral health‐related quality of life was higher or similar to the obese study participants and lower than for nonobese study participants. Perceived oral health problems appear to be more frequent amongst individuals that have undergone bariatric surgery in comparison with healthy obese and nonobese individuals. Bariatric surgery may be consider a risk marker for impaired oral health.
Immunophenotypic Profile of CD34+ Subpopulations and Their Role in the Diagnosis and Prognosis of Patients with De‐Novo, Particularly Low‐Grade Myelodysplastic Syndromes
Authors: Gardikas Nikolaos , Vikentiou Myrofora , Konsta Evgenia , Kontos Christos K. , Papageorgiou Sotirios G. , Spathis Aris , Bazani Efthimia , Bouchla Anthi , Kapsimali Violetta , Psarra Katherina , Foukas Periklis , Dimitriadis George , Pappa Vasiliki 
Published: October 2018

BackgroundMyelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are clonal hematopoietic stem cell disorders with unknown aetiology. Multiparameter flow cytometry (MFC) is being evaluated for the diagnosis and prognosis of MDS.MethodsIn the present study, five‐color MFC was performed on bone marrow aspirates of 50 untreated patients, newly diagnosed with MDS and 27 age matched control samples. Patients were classified according to World Health Organization 2016, International Prognostic Scoring System (IPSS), and Revised IPSS (IPSS‐R).ResultsSignificantly higher CD133+/CD90‐CD45weak, CD117+/TdT‐CD45weak, and CD33+/MPO‐neutrophil precursor percentages on CD34+ cells, as well as a significant decrease of lymphoid and erythroid precursors were observed in the group of MDS patients in comparison to controls. A new scoring system was based on these findings, which can be helpful in discriminating lower risk MDS patients, including those with normal karyotype (a subgroup of MDS with diagnostic challenges). In addition, an increased level of apoptosis of CD34+/CD117+ cells was identified as an independent favorable prognostic factor both for the risk of transformation to acute myeloid leukemia and for overall survival.ConclusionsA new scoring system based on the expression of immature cell antigens on CD34+ cells (by itself or in combination with the Ogata score) can discriminate lower risk MDS patients, including those with normal karyotype, from the normal control group. © 2018 International Clinical Cytometry Society
Swarm intelligence‐based radio resource management for V2V‐based D2D communication
Authors: Feki Souhir , Masmoudi Ahlem , Belghith Aymen , Zarai Faouzi , Obaidat Mohammad S. 
Published: October 2018

SummaryInternet of Things is a promising paradigm that provides the future network of interconnected devices. Device‐to‐Device (D2D) communication, which is considered as an enabler for vehicle‐to‐everything applications, has become an emerging technology to optimize network performance. In this paper, we study the Radio Resource Management (RRM) issue for D2D‐based Vehicle‐to‐Vehicle communication. The RRM key role is to assure the proficient exploitation of available resources while serving users according to their quality of service parameters. An Ant Colony Optimization (ACO)‐based Resource Allocation (ACORA) scheme is proposed in this paper. Swarm intelligence algorithm ACO is adopted to reduce the computational complexity while realizing satisfactory performance. Simulation results show promising performance of our proposed ACORA scheme.
Plasticity in nesting adaptations of a tidal marsh endemic bird
Authors: Benvenuti Bri , Walsh Jennifer , O'Brien Kathleen M. , Kovach Adrienne I. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractIf individuals can perceive and manage risks, they may alter their behaviors based on prior experience. This expectation may apply to nest site selection of breeding birds, for which adaptive behavioral responses may enhance fitness. Birds that nest in tidal marshes have adapted to the challenges posed primarily by periodic, monthly tidal flooding and secondarily by predation. We investigated adaptive responses in nesting behavior of the saltmarsh sparrow (Ammospiza caudacutus), an obligate tidal‐marsh‐breeding bird, using 536 nests monitored across 5 years. Using linear mixed effects models, we tested whether nest characteristics differed among nests that were successful, depredated, or flooded, and we investigated whether females made changes in nest structure and placement according to outcome of their previous nesting attempt. Nest characteristics differed among females with different nest fates. Fledged and depredated nests were built higher in the vegetation and in higher elevation areas of the marsh than those that flooded. Successful nests had more canopy cover and were comprised of a lower proportion of high marsh vegetation (Spartina patens) than those that were flooded or depredated. Females with nests that failed due to flooding constructed subsequent nests higher in the vegetation and at higher elevation than those that were successful in their prior attempt, consistent with a response to previous experience. Eighty‐five percent of females renested within the average home range core area distance (77 m), indicating a high degree of nest placement fidelity. Females for which nests were depredated in their prior nesting attempt renested at a greater distance than females for which the previous nesting attempts were successful. Our findings suggest saltmarsh sparrows exhibit plasticity in nesting behavior, which may be important for balancing selective pressures in a dynamic environment. This plasticity, however, is insufficient to enable them to adapt to the increased flooding predicted with sea‐level rise.
Forest disturbance and arthropods: Small‐scale canopy gaps drive invertebrate community structure and composition
Authors: Perry Kayla I. , Wallin Kimberly F. , Wenzel John W. , Herms Daniel A. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractIn forest ecosystems, disturbances that cause tree mortality create canopy gaps, increase growth of understory vegetation, and alter the abiotic environment. These impacts may have interacting effects on populations of ground‐dwelling invertebrates that regulate ecological processes such as decomposition and nutrient cycling. A manipulative experiment was designed to decouple effects of simultaneous disturbances to the forest canopy and ground‐level vegetation to understand their individual and combined impacts on ground‐dwelling invertebrate communities. We quantified invertebrate abundance, richness, diversity, and community composition via pitfall traps in response to a factorial combination of two disturbance treatments: canopy gap formation via girdling and understory vegetation removal. Formation of gaps was the primary driver of changes in invertebrate community structure, increasing activity‐abundance and taxonomic richness, while understory removal had smaller effects. Families of Collembola and Diplopoda, as well as some families of Coleoptera, increased in combined canopy and understory disturbance treatments, whereas Curculionidae and Nitidulidae were more abundant in undisturbed forest. Gaps increased light availability, height and cover of understory vegetation, and soil moisture levels, and decreased depth and cover of leaf litter compared to undisturbed forest. Decoupling of canopy and understory vegetation disturbances revealed gap formation as an important short‐term driver of ground‐dwelling invertebrate community structure and composition. Our findings increase understanding of how ground‐dwelling invertebrate communities respond to disturbance and inform sustainable management of forest ecosystems to foster biodiversity and resilience.
Therapist adherence and therapeutic alliance in individual cognitive‐behavioural therapy for adolescent binge‐eating disorder
Authors: Puls Hans‐Christian , Schmidt Ricarda , Hilbert Anja 
Published: October 2018

AbstractTo evaluate psychological treatments for adolescent binge‐eating disorder (BED), reliable information on therapeutic process factors is needed. This study examines therapist adherence and therapeutic alliance and their associations in cognitive‐behavioural therapy (CBT) for adolescents with BED. In a randomised‐controlled efficacy trial, adherence and alliance were objectively determined based on 247 audio‐taped CBT sessions from a sample of N = 64 adolescents with BED. Variability of adherence and alliance, explained by treatment module, patient, and therapist were examined using multilevel modeling. Although adherence and alliance were excellent and unaffected by treatment module and therapist, there was significant between‐patient variability for both concepts. Adherence was negatively associated with patient's treatment expectation. Alliance was negatively associated with the number of loss of control eating episodes and positively associated with adherence. Excellent adherence supported the internal validity of CBT for adolescent BED. Associations between process factors and patient characteristics demand adequate supervision in CBT.
Symptoms of disordered eating among adult international adoptees: A population‐based cohort study
Authors: Strand Mattias , von Hausswolff‐Juhlin Yvonne , Fredlund Peeter , Lager Anton 
Published: October 2018

AbstractObjectiveThere is a paucity of data on disordered eating among adoptees. The aim of the present study was to explore the prevalence of symptoms of disordered eating and body image concerns among international adoptees in a large representative community survey on health‐related behaviours.MethodCombining survey data from the Stockholm Public Health Cohort and Swedish population data, adult international adoptees were compared with total participant data to assess differences in disordered eating and body dissatisfaction.ResultsInternational adoptee women displayed significantly higher levels of self‐induced vomiting, loss‐of‐control eating, food preoccupation, underweight, and wish for thinness compared with nonadoptee women, albeit with small or very small effect sizes. No significant differences were found in terms of mean body mass index, cognitive restraint, or emotional eating.ConclusionInternational adoptee women were disproportionally affected on several measures of disordered eating, although the magnitude of these differences were generally small in absolute terms.
Antifatigue and antiaging effects of Chinese rice wine in mice
Authors: Zhao Pan , Wang Jing , Zhao Wei , Ma Xiaoli , Sun Haiji 
Published: October 2018

AbstractChinese rice wine (CRW) is widely known for keeping good health and commonly used in the traditional Chinese medicine prescription guiding drug. This study assesses the effects of CRW on antifatigue and antiaging activities in mice models. Mice were randomly divided into four groups performing with 0.25 ml of distilled water, 0.15, 0.25, and 0.4 ml of CRW for 15 consecutive days. The CRW could obviously increase the content of liver glycogen (LG) and decrease the levels of blood lactic acid (BLA)and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) to improve antifatigue ability. In antiaging assay, CRW significantly increased the activity of SOD in liver, the activities of GSH‐Px and CAT in brain cortex, body quality, thymus index, and spleen index, and decreased liver MDA levels, liver total cholesterol content, and AChE levels in hippocampus. The CRW has potent antifatigue ability and could minimize the occurrence of age‐associated disorders.
ComPaSS‐GWAS: A method to reduce type I error in genome‐wide association studies when replication data are not available
Authors: Sabourin Jeremy A. , Cropp Cheryl D. , Sung Heejong , Brody Lawrence C. , Bailey‐Wilson Joan E. , Wilson Alexander F. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractResults from association studies are traditionally corroborated by replicating the findings in an independent data set. Although replication studies may be comparable for the main trait or phenotype of interest, it is unlikely that secondary phenotypes will be comparable across studies, making replication problematic. Alternatively, there may simply not be a replication sample available because of the nature or frequency of the phenotype. In these situations, an approach based on complementary pairs stability selection for genome‐wide association study (ComPaSS‐GWAS), is proposed as an ad‐hoc alternative to replication. In this method, the sample is randomly split into two conditionally independent halves multiple times (resamples) and a GWAS is performed on each half in each resample. Similar in spirit to testing for association with independent discovery and replication samples, a marker is corroborated if its p‐value is significant in both halves of the resample. Simulation experiments were performed for both nongenetic and genetic models. The type I error rate and power of ComPaSS‐GWAS were determined and compared to the statistical properties of a traditional GWAS. Simulation results show that the type I error rate decreased as the number of resamples increased with only a small reduction in power and that these results were comparable with those from a traditional GWAS. Blood levels of vitamin pyridoxal 5′‐phosphate from the Trinity Student Study (TSS) were used to validate this approach. The results from the validation study were compared to, and were consistent with, those obtained from previously published independent replication data and functional studies.
Managing the cervical spine in multiple myeloma patients
Authors: Cawley Derek T. , Butler Joseph S. , Benton Adam , Altaf Farhaan , Rezajooi Kia , Kyriakou Charalampia , Selvadurai Susanne , Molloy Sean 
Published: October 2018

AbstractDiscuss the relevant literature on surgical and nonsurgical treatments for multiple myeloma (MM) and their complementary effects on overall treatment. Existing surgical algorithms designed for neoplasia of the spine may not suit the management of spinal myeloma. Less than a fifth of metastatic, including myelomatous lesions, occur in the cervical spine but have a poorer prognosis and surgery in this area carries a higher morbidity. With the advances of chemotherapy, early access to radiotherapy, early orthosis management, and high definition imaging, including CT and MRI, surgical indications in MM have changed. Medical decompression (or oncolysis), including in the presence of neurological deficit and orthotic stabilization, are proving viable nonsurgical options to manage MM. A key to decision making is the assessment and monitoring of biomechanical spinal stability as part of a multidisciplinary approach.
Research on heat transfer law of cement clinker accumulation body in grate cooler based on lattice Boltzmann method
Authors: Wen Yan , Ju Yan‐Xu , Yuan Lin 
Published: October 2018

AbstractIn view of the porous media characteristics of the clinker accumulation body in the cement cooler, this paper combined the seepage heat transfer theory with the lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) to analyze the heat transfer of the particle accumulation body. According to the principle of nonmutation of permeability, the minimum feature unit model of cement particles was established, and its heat transfer law was analyzed by LBM. The heat transfer law of the boundary of the feature unit was obtained, and it was used to analyze the heat transfer law of the whole accumulation body by using the double‐loop nesting algorithm. The correctness of this study result was verified by particle heat transfer experiments.