bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The role of culture personality and self-congruity in the evaluation of cultures as destinations
Authors: Gyulavári Tamás , Malota Erzsébet 
Published: April 2019

Purpose
This study aims to determine cultures as personalities and investigates whether similarities or dissimilarities compared to the respondent’s own personality (actual self) are more attractive. The objectives are to identify the culture personality dimensions relevant for destination choice and to investigate the effect of congruity between perceived actual self and perceived culture personality on the evaluation of the examined cultures as ideal destinations. In this manner, numerous participants in the tourism industry may gain more specific insights into certain segments, while communication related to the specific culture can be targeted more efficiently.

Design/methodology/approach
A culture personality scale was developed by identifying the five relevant dimensions (three items in each). To measure actual self, the same 15 scale items were used. In the framework of the current research, 238 respondents evaluated the Turkish and French culture personality and their own personality.

Findings
Results show that for both cultures highly similar personality structures can be observed; incorporating dimensions such as competence, interpersonal approach, aura, life approach and rectitude. In relation to congruity theory, the authors found that the effect of the similarity between perceived culture personality and actual self is marginal. Instead, results show that the more positively culture personality is perceived relative to perceived actual self, the more positive the attitude respondents have towards cultures as destinations.

Research limitations/implications
The generalizability of the results is subject to some limitations due to the student sample.

Originality/value
Both the developed scale and the revealed effects contribute to the research field.
Commitment or expertise? Technocratic appointments as political responses to economic crises
Authors: ALEXIADOU DESPINA , GUNAYDIN HAKAN 
Published: April 2019

AbstractWhy do prime ministers or presidents appoint non‐elected experts, also known as technocrats, during economic crises? Do they appoint them for their expertise or for their commitment to pro‐market reforms? Answering this question is crucial for understanding and predicting the longer‐term role of technocrats in democracies. With the aid of unique data on the political and personal background of finance ministers in 13 parliamentary and semi‐presidential European democracies this article shows that commitment, not expertise is the primary driver of technocratic appointments during major economic crises. Technocrats are preferred over experienced politicians when the latter lack commitment to policy reform. An important implication of the findings is that technocratic appointments to top economic portfolios in West European countries are unlikely to become the norm outside economic crises, assuming economic crises are short‐lived and not recurring.
Knowledge of congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) in pregnant women in Australia is low, and improved with education
Authors: Lazzaro Amanda , Vo Mai Linh , Zeltzer Justin , Rawlinson William , Nassar Natasha , Daly Kate , Lainchbury Anne , Shand Antonia 
Published: April 2019

BackgroundCytomegalovirus (CMV) is the most common congenital infection and can cause hearing loss and neurodevelopmental disability in infected infants. International research shows women have limited knowledge about CMV.AimsTo assess pregnant women's knowledge and attitudes about CMV before and after provision of information.Materials and MethodsCross‐sectional survey of pregnant women between November 2017 and February 2018 at two Australian hospitals. Participating women completed an initial survey on maternal characteristics, knowledge of infections, and CMV risk behaviours. Participants were then given an information leaflet and completed a follow‐up survey.ResultsFour hundred and fifty‐seven women completed the initial survey, of whom 73/457 (16%) had heard of CMV. Behaviours increasing risk of CMV transmission were common: 58% reported regularly kissing their child on the lips; 57% did not always wash their hands after changing a wet nappy. Knowledge about CMV significantly improved after reading the leaflet in the 145 women completing the follow‐up survey. More women correctly identified that CMV could cause deafness in a baby (35% before, 85% after), was spread by saliva (38% vs 94%) or urine (27% vs 86%) and prevented by hand‐washing (55% vs 99%; all P < 0.001).ConclusionKnowledge about CMV was low in pregnant women. An educational leaflet was effective in improving knowledge.
Randomized immunotherapy trial in dual‐allergic patients using “active allergen placebo” as control
Authors: Wagenmann Martin , Worm Margitta , Akboga Yasemin , Karjalainen Martin , Hohlfeld Jens M. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBackgroundPlacebo control in allergen immunotherapy (AIT) trials presents ethical and blinding concerns. We tested a trial design with an “active allergen placebo,” as proposed by ARIA‐GA2LEN, to investigate in a double‐blind trial the efficacy and safety of AIT in dual‐allergic patients (grass and birch pollen) using active untargeted treatments as controls.MethodsWe randomized 95 patients to receive either grass (N = 47) or birch AIT (N = 48). Patients were exposed to both allergens in an allergen challenge chamber (ACC) before and after 9 months of AIT. Targeted (ACC‐allergen = AIT‐allergen) and untargeted (ACC‐allergen ≠ AIT‐allergen) treatment effects were assessed.ResultsImmunotherapy reduced significantly the mean (95% confidence interval) area under the curve of total nasal symptom score (targeted effects) by −13.55 (−17.56, −9.54; P < 0.001) after grass and −9.81 (−14.13, −5.50; P < 0.001) after birch AIT. Differences in targeted vs untargeted effects between AIT groups (utility of control group) were statistically significant for both grass (P = 0.02) and birch (P = 0.02) allergens. Targeted vs untargeted differences within‐treatment groups (specificity of ACC measurement) were significant for grass AIT (P < 0.001) but not significant for birch AIT group (P = 0.24). Specific immunoglobulin G4 to both allergens increased significantly (P < 0.001) after targeted treatment, while remained unchanged for untargeted treatments. Both treatments were well tolerated.ConclusionsImmunotherapies for both grass and birch allergens were efficacious and safe. The study confirms the specificity of AIT. Untargeted treatment groups could serve as controls in future AIT trials.
The Mythical Shapeshifting of Capital and Petrification of Labour: Deepening Conflict on the Agrofuel Frontier
Authors: Garvey Brian , Aparecido Souza Edevaldo , Rodrigues Mendonça Marcelo , dos Santos Crispim Valmir , Virginio Francis Vinicius Portes 
Published: April 2019

AbstractIn the great civilisations of the past, shapeshifting promised a restoration of order in turbulent times in return for the deference of loyal subjects. It was a strategy of the powerful to maintain advantage and could also be used to bind opponents to an undesired form. This study finds its resonance in the contemporary shapeshifting that is the supposed transition from the fossil fuel economy. With reference to the fusion of oil, grain and sugar companies in Brazil's ethanol sector, it explores how amidst economic, environmental and political insecurity these “old villains” of the carbon economy have fused and emerged as the “new heroes” of the green economy. Accounts of dissenting rural subjects, however, unveil the mythical nature of avowed social gains from this shapeshifting. Amidst rural conflict and a successive weakening of regulation, it becomes evident how their petrification, in a metaphorical and increasingly literal sense is required.
Side effects of powdered sodium carbonate (washing or ‘Lectric’ soda) used as an oral emetic agent in five dogs
Authors: Watson AK , Indrawirawan YH 
Published: April 2019

Case seriesThe administration of emetic agents in dogs for the purpose of gastric decontamination is not without risk, although the incidence of adverse effects is unknown and likely under‐reported. This case series describes gastrointestinal and respiratory side effects observed in five dogs that were administered powdered sodium carbonate to induce emesis.Clinical significanceThe safety of inducing emesis in dogs using powdered sodium carbonate is discussed.
Oxalate‐degrading bacteria, including Oxalobacter formigenes, colonise the gastrointestinal tract of healthy koalas (Phascolarctos cinereus) and those with oxalate nephrosis
Authors: Speight KN , Houston‐Francis M , Mohammadi‐Dehcheshmeh M , Ebrahimie E , Saputra S , Trott DJ 
Published: April 2019

BackgroundKoalas in the Mount Lofty Ranges, South Australia, have a high prevalence of oxalate nephrosis, or calcium oxalate kidney crystals. Gastrointestinal tract oxalate‐degrading bacteria, particularly Oxalobacter formigenes, have been identified in other animal species and humans, and their absence or low abundance is postulated to increase the risk of renal oxalate diseases. This study aimed to identify oxalate‐degrading bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract of koalas and determine their association with oxalate nephrosis.MethodsCaecal and faecal samples were collected at necropsy from 22 Mount Lofty Ranges koalas that had been euthanased on welfare grounds, with 8 koalas found to have oxalate nephrosis by renal histopathology. Samples were analysed by PCR for the oxc gene, which encodes oxalyl‐CoA decarboxylase, and also by Illumina sequencing of the V3–V4 region of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene.ResultsThe oxc gene was detected in 100% of koala samples, regardless of oxalate nephrosis status. Oxalobacter formigenes was detected in all but one faecal sample, with no difference in abundance between koalas affected and unaffected by oxalate nephrosis. Other species of known oxalate‐degrading bacteria were infrequently detected.ConclusionThis is the first study to identify Oxalobacter and other oxalate‐degrading bacterial species in koalas, but an association with oxalate nephrosis and absence or low abundance of Oxalobacter was not found. This suggests other mechanisms underlie the risk of oxalate nephrosis in koalas.
Psychotic symptoms and suicidal ideation in child and adolescent bipolar I disorder
Authors: Duffy Mary E. , Gai Anna R. , Rogers Megan L. , Joiner Thomas E. , Luby Joan L. , Joshi Paramjit T. , Wagner Karen D. , Emslie Graham J. , Walkup John T. , Axelson David 
Published: April 2019

AbstractObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to explore associations between specific types of hallucinations and delusions and suicidal ideation in a sample of children and adolescents with bipolar I disorder.MethodsParticipants (N = 379) were children and adolescents aged 6‐15 years (M = 10.2, SD = 2.7) with DSM‐IV diagnoses of bipolar I disorder, mixed or manic phase. The study sample was 53.8% female and primarily White (73.6% White, 17.9% Black, and 8.5% Other). Presence and nature of psychotic symptoms, suicidal ideation, and functioning level were assessed through clinician‐administered measures. A series of logistic regressions was performed to assess the contribution of each subtype of psychotic symptom to the presence of suicidal ideation above and beyond age, sex, socio‐economic status, age at bipolar disorder onset, and global level of functioning.ResultsHallucinations overall, delusions of guilt, and number of different psychotic symptom types were uniquely associated with increased odds of suicidal ideation after accounting for covariates. Other forms of delusions (eg, grandiose) and specific types of hallucinations (eg, auditory) were not significantly uniquely associated with the presence of suicidal ideation.ConclusionsFindings of this study suggest the presence of hallucinations as a whole, delusions of guilt specifically, and having multiple concurrent types of psychotic symptoms are associated with the presence of suicidal ideation in children and adolescents with bipolar I disorder. Psychotic symptom subtypes, as opposed to psychosis as a whole, are an under‐examined, potentially important, area for consideration regarding suicidal ideation in pediatric bipolar I disorder.
Use of transforming growth factor‐β loaded onto β‐tricalcium phosphate scaffold in a bone regeneration rat calvaria model
Authors: Elimelech Rina , Khoury Nizar , Tamari Tal , Blumenfeld Israel , Gutmacher Zvi , Zigdon‐Giladi Hadar 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBackgroundTransforming growth factor‐β (TGF‐β1) enhances mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) differentiation into osteoblasts.PurposeThe aim of the study was to assess whether TGF‐β1 loaded onto β‐tricalcium phosphate (β‐TCP) synthetic scaffold enhances bone regeneration in a rat calvaria model. The release kinetics of TGF‐β1 from β‐TCP scaffold was evaluated in vitro.Materials and MethodsTGF‐β1 in various concentrations (1‐40 ng/mL) was loaded onto the β‐TCP scaffold, and release kinetics was monitored by ELISA. The effect of TGF‐β1 on the proliferation of MSCs was assessed using AlamarBlue, and MSC differentiation was evaluated by Alizarin Red quantification assay.Bone augmentation following transplantation of TGF‐β1 loaded onto β‐TCP in a rat calvaria model was evaluated in vivo.ResultsGreater TGF‐β1 release from the 40 ng/mL concentration was found. A suppressive effect of TGF‐β on the MSCs proliferation was observed with maximum inhibition obtained with 40 ng/mL compared to the control group (P = .028). A positive effect on MSCs osteogenic differentiation was found.Bone height and bone area fraction in vivo were similar with or without TGF‐β1; however, blood vessel density and degradation of the scaffold were significantly higher in the TGF‐β1 group.ConclusionTGF‐β1 adsorbed to β‐TCP stimulated angiogenesis and scaffold degradation that may enhance bone formation.
A study on the prevalence of dental anxiety, pain perception, and their interrelationship in Chinese patients with oral implant surgery
Authors: Zhang Xiao , Wang Bei , Qiao Shi‐Chong , Gu Ying‐Xin , Shi Jun‐Yu , Lai Hong‐Chang 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBackgroundAccumulating evidence has revealed that dental anxiety (DA) is associated with pain and patient satisfaction related to dental procedures. However, relevant reports are limited and inconsistent in oral implant patients.PurposeThe purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of dental anxiety, pain perception, and analyze their interrelationship in Chinese patients with oral implant surgery.Materials and MethodsA cross‐sectional study was performed according to the strengthening the reporting of observational studies in epidemiology (STROBE) guideline. Consecutive patients who received oral implant surgeries during February‐March of 2018 in Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital were recruited. The modified dental anxiety scale and visual analog scale were used to evaluate the level of the patient's DA and pain perception. Multivariate logistic regression was applied to analyze the influence of DA on pain perception of patients during oral implant surgery.ResultsThe prevalences of moderate and high preoperative DA were 66.6% and 11.9% in Chinese patients with oral implant surgery, respectively. Seven points eight percent of patients experienced pain perception during surgery. The result of multiple logistic regression showed that there was no significant influence of moderate preoperative DA (OR = 2.0, 95%CI: 0.5‐8.2) on pain perception. However, a significant influence of high preoperative DA (OR = 6.4, 95%CI: 1.3‐30.8) was found on pain perception of patients with oral implant surgery. Significant influences of moderate perioperative DA (OR = 5.0, 95%CI: 1.1‐22.9) and high perioperative DA (OR = 8.7, 95%CI: 1.1‐69.9) were also found on pain perception of patients during oral implant surgery.ConclusionsThe results of the study indicated that DA was very common in Chinese patients with oral implant surgery. DA may increase pain perception of patients during oral implant surgery.
Retrospective study on the clinical outcomes of small‐diameter implants supporting fixed prostheses without bone augmentation in the posterior region after 2 to 12 years
Authors: Si Misi , Zhang Yu , Li Jiaying , He Fuming 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBackgroundSmall‐diameter implants (SDIs: diameter <3.5 mm) are often chosen as an alternative to bone augmentation in clinical practice, but the scientific evidence regarding SDI application in the posterior area remains deficient.PurposeTo evaluate the clinical and radiographic outcomes of SDIs supporting fixed prostheses without bone augmentation in the posterior region, and to analyze the potential influencing factors related to SDI failures.Materials and MethodsClinical and radiographic data of 243 SDIs in 156 patients were retrospectively assembled after 2 to 12 (mean 4.75) years of follow‐up. Implant and prosthesis failures, mechanical and biological complications, and radiographic marginal bone loss (MBL) were evaluated. The influence of patient/implant characteristics and prosthetic design on SDI failures was investigated.ResultsFive implants in five patients failed, contributing to 10‐year cumulative survival rates of 97.9% on an implant‐based analysis and 96.8% on a patient‐based analysis. Biological complications and mechanical complications were detected in 22 (9.1%) and 31 (12.8%) of implants, respectively. No implant fracture was detected. Peri‐implant MBL during 10 years was 0.60 ± 0.90 mm on average. The implant type (bone‐level or tissue‐level) was the only factor that significantly influenced SDI failures.ConclusionSDIs supporting fixed prostheses in the posterior region achieved predictable long‐term clinical outcomes. However, tissue‐level titanium SDIs should be avoided where possible.
An innovative hybrid approach for extracting named entities from unstructured text data
Authors: Thomas Anu , Sangeetha S. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractNamed entity recognition (NER) is the core part of information extraction that facilitates the automatic detection and classification of entities in natural language text into predefined categories, such as the names of persons, organizations, locations, and so on. The output of the NER task is crucial for many applications, including relation extraction, textual entailment, machine translation, information retrieval, etc. Literature shows that machine learning and deep learning approaches are the most widely used techniques for NER. However, for entity extraction, the abovementioned approaches demand the availability of a domain‐specific annotated data set. Our goal is to develop a hybrid NER system composed of rule‐based deep learning as well as clustering‐based approaches, which facilitates the extraction of generic entities (such as person, location, and organization) out of natural language texts of domains that lack generic named entities labeled domain data sets. The proposed approach takes the advantages of both deep learning and clustering approaches but separately, in combination with a knowledge‐based approach by using a postprocessing module. We evaluated the proposed methodology on court cases (judgments) as a use case since it contains generic named entities of different forms that are poorly or not present in open‐source NER data sets. We also evaluated our hybrid models on two benchmark data sets, namely, Computational Natural Language Learning (CoNLL) 2003 and Open Knowledge Extraction (OKE) 2016. The experimental results obtained from benchmark data sets show that our hybrid models achieved substantially better performance in terms of the F‐score in comparison to other competitive systems.
Challenges and supports for women conservation leaders
Authors: Jones Megan S. , Solomon Jennifer 
Published: April 2019

AbstractLeadership and inclusivity are increasingly recognized as fundamental to conservation success, yet women's leadership within the conservation profession is understudied. This study identifies gender‐related challenges women conservation leaders experienced in their careers, and supports helping them advance. Using an intersectionality framing to identify intersections between gender, race/ethnicity, age, and leadership position, we conducted and analyzed semi‐structured interviews with 56 women leaders in conservation organizations across the United States. All interviewees reported experiencing or witnessing a gender‐related workplace challenge in at least one of six categories, and the vast majority reported encountering four or more of these challenges: salary inequality and difficulty negotiating, formal exclusion, informal exclusion, harassment and inadequate organizational response, assumptions of inadequacy, and assumptions of wrongness. Participants also experienced two categories of supports: structural supports and supportive relationships. Women's experiences varied based on age, race and ethnicity, and leadership position. Our results indicate more effort is needed to identify effective strategies for making conservation a more inclusive, empowering, and appealing profession in which to work.
Patio Swings Intermodal Shipping Competition: An Inquiry‐Based Partial Information Exercise
Authors: Snider Brent , Southin Nancy , Cole Rosanna 
Published: April 2019

ABSTRACTRather than providing all the required information as classroom exercises typically do, this international purchase and intermodal transportation competitive in‐class exercise intentionally holds back selected supply chain details. This inquiry‐based learning (IBL) approach simulates a real‐world Distribution Requirements Planning scenario by requiring students to identify what information they need and seek out those details from the instructor while competing with fellow student groups. In this 20‐30 minute exercise students are challenged to identify the all the necessary supply chain activities required to effectively ship patio swings from a supplier in China to a national retail chain in time for a spring sale. Generating the benefits of improved critical thinking in a fraction of the time required for traditional IBL, the approach is best described as a Partial Information Exercise. A student survey (n = 310) found that students strongly supported the inquiry approach, it generated significantly increased interest in global supply chain management roles and responsibilities, and over 91% of participants recommended the exercise continue to be part of the introductory operations and supply chain management course.
A Kaleidoscope heart
Authors: Ntalas Ioannis , Freitas Dario , Gowland Abigail , Rajani Ronak 
Published: April 2019

AbstractIn the current manuscript, we report an unusual case of a young 18‐year‐old woman who survived an out‐of‐hospital cardiac arrest secondary to Bland‐White‐Garland syndrome. Her transthoracic echocardiogram showed an abnormal color Doppler flow‐pattern within the myocardium indicative of coronary fistulous flow that prompted further evaluation with coronary CT angiography, which confirmed the diagnosis. Our case serves not only as a reminder to consider coronary artery anomalies as a cause of sudden cardiac death in young individuals but also as a prompt to investigate unusual echocardiographic findings with alternative imaging when the diagnosis may not be initially clear.