bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sex Differences in Tolerability to Anti-Programmed Cell Death Protein 1 Therapy in Patients with Metastatic Melanoma and Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Are We All Equal?
Authors: Duma Narjust , Abdel-Ghani Azzouqa , Yadav Siddhartha , Hoversten Katherine P. , Reed Clay T. , Sitek Andrea N. , Enninga Elizabeth Ann L. , Paludo Jonas , Aguilera Jesus Vera , Leventakos Konstantinos , Lou Yanyan , Kottschade Lisa A. , Dong Haidong , Mansfield Aaron S. , Manochakian Rami , Adjei Alex A. , Dronca Roxana S. 
Published: April 2019

Abstract

Background
Immune-related adverse events (irAEs) have emerged as a serious clinical issue in the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Risk factors for irAEs remain controversial. Therefore, we studied sex differences in irAEs in patients treated with anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) therapy.

Materials and Methods
All patients with metastatic melanoma and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with anti-PD-1 therapy at Mayo Clinic Rochester and Florida from 2015 to 2018 were reviewed. Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test was used for time-to-event analysis.

Results
In 245 patients with metastatic melanoma, premenopausal women were more likely to experience irAEs (all grades) compared with postmenopausal women and men (67% vs. 60% vs. 46%), primarily because of an increase in endocrinopathies (33% vs. 12% vs. 10%, respectively). In patients with NSCLC (231 patients), women (all ages) were also more likely to develop irAEs of all grades (48% vs. 31%). Women with NSCLC were more likely to develop pneumonitis (11% vs. 4%) and endocrinopathies (14% vs. 5%). No differences in grade ≥3 toxicities were seen across sexes in both cohorts, but women were more likely to receive systemic steroids for the treatment of irAEs compared with men. Better progression-free-survival was observed in women with NSCLC and irAEs (10 months vs. 3.3 months) compared with women without irAEs.

Conclusion
Women with metastatic melanoma and NSCLC are more likely to experience irAEs compared with men. We also observed differences between sexes in the frequency of certain irAEs. Larger studies are needed to investigate the mechanisms underlying these associations.

Implications for Practice
The results of this study suggest that women may be at a higher risk for immune-related adverse events (irAEs) compared with men when treated with anti-programmed cell death protein 1 therapy. In addition, women were more likely to develop certain irAEs, including endocrinopathies and pneumonitis. Close follow-up of women undergoing treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors will allow clinicians to diagnose these treatment-related complications early, potentially reducing their associated morbidity and mortality. In addition, a possible association between irAEs and response to therapy was observed.
Additional options for non-pharmacological treatment of epilepsy
Authors: Oleynikova O. M. , Sarapulova A. A. , Avakyan G. N. 
Published: April 2019

Objective: to study the effect of blue polarizing glasses on photosensitivity in patients with photosensitive epilepsy (PSE). Materials and methods. On the backdrop of red light stimulation, EEG and daytime video EEG recordings were performed in 19 patients with epilepsy (15 women, 4 men) aged from 14 to 41 years. Among those, 8 patients had juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME), 2 – eyelid myoclonus with absences, 6 – generalized epilepsy, 1 – juvenile absence epilepsy (JAA), and 2 patients had unspecified (cryptogenic) focal epilepsy. All patients underwent photo-stimulation (PS) with an increasing light frequency from 1 to 31 Hz (in 3 Hz steps). The PS procedure was carried out twice: without and with the use of blue polarizing glasses with a degree of darkness of 50%.Results. In 19 patients with PSE, we observed a photo-paroxysmal response at frequencies of 10, 13, 15, 16, 19, and 21 Hz. In the same individual, this photo-paroxysmal response could have manifested either in a burst of epileptic activity without clinical symptoms or in myoclonus / myoclonia with absences. In 8 (42.1%) patients, there was a decrease in epileptic activity upon photo-stimulation: a decrease in the duration of the acute peak-slow-wave activity or a zero epileptic activity at one frequency on the backdrop of a notable epileptic activity at other frequencies. In 3 (15.8%) patients, who were using the blue glasses, there were neither seizures nor epileptic activity at all. In one case (5.3%), there was no seizure but the PS-induced epileptiform activity did occur. The disappearance of subclinical epileptic activity was noted in 2 (10.5%) cases.Conclusion. Blue polarizing glasses can be used as an additional means of non-pharmacological therapy of PSE. The protective effect may be associated with a decrease in the melatonin content in the daytime.
Role of pregnancy associated plasma protein-A and doppler velocimetry in the assessment of fetomaternal outcome in high risk pregnancy
Authors: Kaundal Asmita , Gupta Usha , Bhattcharjee Jayashree 
Published: April 2019

Background: The study aimed at defining the role of Pregnancy associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A) and uterine artery doppler (Ut.A.PI) in the development of adverse pregnancy outcome (APO) in high risk pregnancies.Methods: This was an observational study where 100 singleton pregnancies at high risk of development of APO, between 11 to 13 + 6 weeks POG were enrolled. PAPP-A levels were measured at 11 to 13 + 6 weeks POG and uterine artery doppler PI was measured at 20 weeks. Women were followed till delivery. Pregnancy outcome were seen and a cut off at which APO developed was derived.Results: In this study women with lower mean PAPP-A (0.75±0.19 MOM versus 1.23±0.31MOM) (p<0.001) values and higher Ut.A.PI (1.43±0.35MOM versus 0.99±0.25MOM) (p<0.001) developed APO. Cut off value for PAPP-A and Ut.A.PI was determined and was found to be ≤11.65 µg/ml (≤0.79MoM) and >1.42 (>1.19MoM) respectively which was higher than what is determined in other studies done on low risks populations thereby suggesting for an intervention or more meticulous observations at a higher cut offs.Conclusions: PAPP-A and uterine artery doppler are already being used for the screening of preeclampsia in most of the countries but not for other adverse pregnancy outcomes. PAPP-A levels along with the uterine artery PI in predicting APO in high risk women has high negative predictive value. Hence can be uses as a screening method in high risk population whether they should be used for low risk population also needs further evaluation.
Clinicomicrobiological study of the removed intrauterine device
Authors: Kanakannavar Suresh S. , S. Ashwini R. 
Published: April 2019

Background: Intrauterine contraceptive devices are one of the most efficient, cost effective long acting reversible contraceptives. But the worrying clinical symptoms, misconceptions and higher rates of genital tract infection have become a hurdle in its acceptance as the first choice of contraception. The objective of this study was to study the common reasons for removal of IUCD.Methods: An observational study was done involving 430 women who reported to the OBG Outpatient of the hospitals attached to Bangalore Medical College, over a period of 2 years, for IUCD removal. Socio-demographic details, clinical symptoms compelling IUCD removal were elicited. The removed IUCD was subjected to culture and sensitivity. Initial descriptive analysis was used and statistical tests of significance like chi-square were used to know the relation between genital infections and IUCD. P value <0.05 was considered significant.Results: Of the 430 women, 46.9% were between 21-25 years of age, 49.3% were primipara, and 71% used IUCD for 1-3 years. Most common reason for removal in the first 2 years was heavy menstrual bleed followed by pain abdomen. 15.3% culture reports showed growth of bacteria, with maximum cultures positive in <5 years of usage, the association was statistically significant.Conclusions: Present study shows a lower risk of bacterial infections among IUCD users. Hence, effective counseling regarding the safety of IUCD over other spacing methods is essential to increase its acceptance.
Review of maternal mortality in a tertiary care urban teaching hospital: 10 year retrospective study
Authors: G. Shobha , Kanavi Jayashree V. , Divater Veena B. , Thomas Annamma 
Published: April 2019

Background: The objectives of this study were to calculate the maternal mortality ratio, causes for maternal death in our institution and the duration of hospital admission to death interval.Methods: The study included collecting and analyzing the details of maternal death in women who were admitted to St. Johns Medical College Hospital, Bengaluru, from January 2007 to December 2016. Results: Total maternal deaths were 61 and live births were 26,001 during the study period. The maternal mortality ratio (MMR) was 234.6 per 100,000 live births. Majority of maternal deaths occurred in women aged 18 - 35 years 56 (91.80%) women, primipara 45 (73.77%) and referred cases to our institution from other hospitals 52 (85.24%). Most of the women died in the postnatal period 54 (88.52%). Direct obstetric causes accounted for 44 (72.13%) maternal deaths and indirect causes 17 (27.86%) deaths. Preeclampsia and eclampsia were the leading causes for death 13 (21.31%) followed by acute fatty liver of pregnancy 12 (19.67%), hemorrhage 7 (13.11%) and sepsis 6 (9.83%). Anemia was present in 77.04% of women at the time of admission to our hospital. Thirty six (59.01%) women died within a week of admission to the hospital, in which 13 (21.31%) women died in less than 24hours of admission. Twenty five (40.98%) women died after a week of admission to hospital.Conclusions: Apart from the triad of preeclampsia, obstetric haemorrhage and sepsis, acute fatty liver of pregnancy has emerged as an important cause of maternal death. Most of the maternal deaths are preventable. Early detection of complications and timely referral to tertiary care hospital in St. Johns Medical College Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India decreases maternal morbidity and mortality.
Sexual dimorphism of foramen magnum: a NCCT based study
Authors: Wani Haseeb Abdul , Feroz Imza , Dar Saleem Mohammad , Parry Arshed Hussain , Gojwari Tariq Ahmad 
Published: April 2019

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Radiological determination of gender relies predominantly on the skeletal radiology and assumes importance in mass natural disasters, bomb explosions, exhumations and warfare where skeletal fragmentation is common. Varied literature is present regarding the role of foramen magnum in establishing gender identification.<strong> </strong>The objective of the study was<strong> </strong>to establish normative values of cross-sectional area of foramen magnum in both genders using NCCT and try to ascertain any significant difference in cross-sectional area in the two genders which may help in gender identification.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> NCCT head images of 378 subjects were analysed in individuals beyond the age of skeletal immaturity. Free ROI technique using electronic calliper tool was used. The cross-sectional area of foramen magnum was automatically obtained after tracing its whole inner circumference.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Mean cross-sectional area of foramen magnum in females was 806.79±106.58 mm<sup>2 </sup>and was 878.33±98.42 mm<sup>2</sup> in males. Although the cross-sectional area in males was greater than females no statistically significant difference was found. The correlation coefficient was found to be weaker (R=0.0413).</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions: </strong>No statistically significant difference was found between the two genders. The correlation coefficient was also weak to draw any inference about the gender of the skull on CT imaging. Further studies are needed to include other parameters like the sagittal and transverse diameters of foramen magnum in a larger sample to show importance of foramen magnum, if any, in helping gender identification of skeletal remains.</p><p class="abstract"> </p>
FEMALE EMPLOYMENT AND CARE ECONOMY IN TURKEY
Authors: İNCE YENİLMEZ Meltem 
Published: April 2019

This paper examines gender employment
impact of expanding the early childhood care and preschool education (ECCPE)
sector in Turkey. Underinvestment in social care thus takes its toll on the
country’s long-term economic potential through weakened labour force
attachment, and diminished childhood development. This neglect of care economy
projects reflects a gender bias in economic thinking as women are more
represented in caring work. Investing in the care industries would generate
increases in employment and add to growth, with a higher proportion going to women,
as they would now be free to take up many of such jobs. It would also narrow
the gender employment and earnings gaps. In addition, the government at various levels could
start by eliminating gender bias in the laws; take necessary measures to
establish, operate, and allocate funds for childcare facilities; come up with
initiatives like reinstating and reviewing the laws mandating private sector
employers to set up nurseries for both male and female staff and provide
childcare services in the workplace.&nbsp;
MEMBANGUN MASYARAKAT BERBUDAYA MELALUI BAHASA INDONESIA
Authors: Maimunah Siti Annijat 
Published: April 2019

<p>Language and literature are two different side of coin but cat be separated, because language is mirror of culture and identity of the speakers. It means that, whether language can influence the culture of society or vice versa?, therefore language can determine the progress and “extinguish” the culture of nation. As we know that there are so many local languages which experience it. Language and culture are two studies that complement each other. Culture kept alive if constructed by language as the medium. Both of them have the same purpose, is bringing people to achieve better life, more humane, well-organized, more religious, and more dignified. There is occur reciprocal relationship that determine between language, culture, and society that embodies both. Developed and praiseworthy civilization and culture upheld by society is reflected through language that used in order to create civilization and culture that built. </p><p>Keywords: Civilized Society, Indonesia Language</p>
O Calendário do povo Palikur-Arukwayene
Authors: Guiome Ioiô Adonias 
Published: April 2019

O calendário do meu povo Palikur-Arukwayene, sempre segue os sinais e a orientação da natureza para deliberar o período do início e do final do ano. O ano, no nosso território divide-se duas estações designadas digiswiki/muwokwekri (estação das chuvas/inverno) que se inicia no mês que os não indígenas chamam de dezembro e termina no final de junho e kamukwiki/abareswan (estação da seca/verão) entre os meses de julho e novembro. Nas duas temporadas, os períodos são definidos pelos vegetais, animais, peixes e aves abundantes no período, mas se utiliza também a orientação da lua e das constelações para o desenvolvimento das atividades. As estações são essenciais à sobrevivência do meu povo que observa o seu próprio calendário, diferente do calendário dos não indígenas, conforme o nosso modo de vida e a nossa cultura. Mas, também existem outras maneiras de marcar o tempo, por exemplo, por intermédio das festas tradicionais, dos cantos de animais e aves, os quais se associam ao início do período de derrubada, queima, coivara e colocação das roças e, finalmente a colheita; a alteração do nível das águas do igarapé, do rio e do campo indica a possibilidade de caça de alguns animais e aves, favorece a pesca e ainda a coleta de frutos.
General disaster preparedness beliefs and related sociodemographic characteristics: The example of Yalova University, Turkey
Authors: Inal Ebru , Altıntaş Kerim Hakan , Doğan Nuri 
Published: April 2019

Aim: This study aimed to identify sociodemographic and disaster related
factors associated with General Disaster Preparedness Belief using the Health
Belief Model as a theoretical framework.
Methods: The survey study was
conducted in Yalova, Turkey between April and July, 2014. A prevalidated
General Disaster Preparedness Belief scale instrument based on the Health
Belief Model was administered to a study group of 286 academic and
administrative staff. The General Disaster Preparedness Belief score was
computed by summing up the six Health Belief Model subscales. Hierarchical
linear regression was used to test for association between the General Disaster
Preparedness Belief score and its associated factors. Results: The General Disaster Preparedness Belief score was
positively associated with; higher monthly income, higher occupational status,
having experienced any disaster previously and having any emergency/disaster
education. Respondents who had any emergency/disaster education had on average
an 19.05 higher General Disaster Preparedness Belief score as compared to
respondents who had no emergency/disaster education (β=19.05±4.83, p&lt;0.001).
Furthermore, participants who had experienced any disaster had on average
21.615 higher GDPB score as compared to participants who had never experienced
any disaster (​β​ =21.62±0.32, p&lt;0.001). Conclusions: Monthly income, occupational status, previous
experiences of disasters and access to emergency/disaster education were
important factors associated with General Disaster Preparedness Belief.
Interventions aimed at increasing general disaster preparedness should include
provision of disaster education and should target individuals with lower
socioeconomic status as a priority.
Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Beberapa Genotipe Kedelai pada Pola Tanam Baris Tunggal dan Baris Ganda
Authors: Artari Rina , Sundari Titik 
Published: April 2019

<p>Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui respons beberapa genotipe kedelai terhadap pola pengaturan baris tanaman. Percobaan dilakukan di Kebun Percobaan (KP) Kendalpayak, Malang mulai Februari hingga Juni 2017, menggunakan rancangan split plot tiga ulangan. Petak utama adalah pengaturan pola baris, yaitu B1 (baris tunggal = 40 cm ×15 cm) dan B2 (baris ganda = 60 cm ×(20 cm ×15 cm), anak petak adalah 15 genotipe kedelai, terdiri dari 12 galur, dan tiga varietas (Dena 1, Dena 2, dan Grobogan) sebagai pembanding. Pemupukan 50 kg Urea + 150 kg SP36 + 150 kg KCl/ha dilakukan pada saat tanam. Pengendalian gulma dilakukan pada umur 2-4 minggu setelah tanam (MST). Pengamatan tinggi tanaman, jumlah cabang dan daun, diameter batang, luas daun, dan indeks klorofil daun umur 3, 5, 7, dan 9 MST dilakukan secara destruktif. Pada saat panen diamati jumlah polong isi dan polong hampa, dan bobot biji per tanaman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya perbedaan respons genotipe kedelai terhadap pengaturan pola baris tanaman. Genotipe IBK/Argop-276-3, Grob/Pander-395-2, dan Grob/IT-7-2 memberikan respons positif terhadap pola baris tunggal dengan hasil biji lebih tinggi dibanding ditanam dengan baris ganda. Genotipe Grob/Pander-397-6 dan Grob/Pander-428-1 memberikan respons positif terhadap pola baris ganda, dan mampu menghasilkan biji lebih tinggi daripada ditanam baris tunggal. Genotipe Grob/IT-7-5 memberikan hasil tinggi, baik pada pola baris tunggal maupun baris ganda.</p>
Myopic lasik outcomes: comparison of three different femtosecond lasers and a mechanical microkeratome using the same excimer laser
Authors: Gros-Otero Juan , Rodriguez-Perez Isabel , Teus Miguel A. , Katsanos Andreas , Mikropoulos Dimitrios G. , García-González Montserrat 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
BACKGROUND

To compare the influence of four different microkeratomes on myopic LASIK outcomes.

METHODS

Retrospective, observational cohort study. We compared 134 eyes treated with the IntraLase 60 kHz, 112 eyes treated with the Femto LDV Z6, 206 eyes treated with the FS200 and 98 eyes treated with the Hansatome zero compression microkeratome. All eyes were operated using the same surgical protocol with the same excimer laser (Wavelight Allegretto) and were allocated in refraction-matched groups. Uncorrected distance visual acuity, best corrected distance visual acuity and residual refraction were evaluated 1 and 7 days, 1 and 3 months postoperatively.

RESULTS

One day and one week postoperatively, uncorrected distance visual acuity was significantly lower in the FS200 group compared to others (P=0.0001). This difference disappeared at the 1- and 3-month postoperative visits. Significant differences were found among groups in terms of safety index (P=0.0001), residual sphere (P=0.0001) and residual cylinder (P=0.02) at the 3-months postoperative visit. No significant differences were found in corrected distance visual acuity or efficacy index.

CONCLUSIONS

According to our results, a slight delay in visual restoration after FS200 LASIK surgery might be expected. This delay was statistically significant at 1 day and 1 week postoperatively, but there were no differences from the 1-month visit onwards.
An ontology for exchanging innovation in water management
Authors: Lopez-Pellicer Francisco J. , Lacasta Javier , Béjar Rubén , Nogueras-Iso Javier , Zarazaga-Soria F. Javier 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
As the new technological developments become increasingly complex, the creation of partnerships between companies and research centres becomes essential. Nowadays, there are several platforms trying to offer a stable innovation market that can be used for the transfer of innovation in water management. However, they neither allow a complete description of the features of innovation proposals nor are capable of describing the specific requirements of the different research fields. This work describes OntoInnova, an ontology that provides a more complete model of the different elements related to research, development and innovation exchange in water management. We have applied this ontology for the modelling of the innovation data collected in the European WE@EU project for water management in urban environments.
An Asymmetric Optical Cryptosystem of Double Image Encryption Based on Optical Vortex Phase Mask Using Gyrator Transform Domain
Authors: Singh Hukum , Khurana Mehak 
Published: April 2019

Background:
Optical Vortex (OV) has attracted attention amongst many researchers. Paper proposes
a nonlinear scheme of image encryption based on Optical Vortex (OV) and Double Random Phase
Encoding (DRPE) in the Gyrator Transform (GT) domain under phase truncation operations.

Objective:
The amplitude and phase truncation operation in the image encryption generates two decryption
keys and convert the method to nonlinear. It has also been proposed opto-electronically. Original image can
only be decrypted with correct values of OV, GT rotation angles and Decryption Keys (DKs).

Methods:
A novel asymmetric image encryption scheme, using optical vortex mask has been proposed in
view of amplitude and phase truncation operation. The scheme becomes more strengthened by the parameters
used in the Optical Vortex (OV) and by taking the (n)th power operation in the encryption path and (n)th
root operation in the decryption path.

Results:
It shows that for each of the encryption parameters, binary image has greater sensitivity as
compared to the grayscale image. This scheme inflates the security by making use of OV-based Structured
Phase Mask (SPM) as it expands the key space. The scheme has also been investigated for its robustness and
its sensitivity against various attacks such as noise and occlusion attacks under number of iterations.

Conclusion:
This scheme provides solution to the problem of key space with the use of GT rotational angles
and OV phase mask thus enhances the security. The scheme has been verified based on various security parameters
such as occlusion, noise attacks, CC, entropy etc.