bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Towards a precision approach to anesthetic/analgesic immunomodulation in cancer
Authors: Gupta Hersh V. , Tan Kay S. , Fischer Gregory W. , Mincer Joshua S. 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundImmunomodulation is widely invoked to explain possible effects of anesthetic/analgesic drugs on recurrence and survival in cancer patients. By analogy with immune checkpoint inhibitors, which enhance anti-tumor actions of immune cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME), we aim to develop a precision approach to immunomodulation by anesthetic/analgesic drugs. We explore biomarkers predictive of immunotherapy response [tumor mutational burden (TMB)] and resistance [fraction genome altered (FGA)] in relation to anesthetic/analgesic dose to survival response and the expression of drug target receptor genes.MethodsTwo local clinical cohorts [lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) patients] were analyzed retrospectively to yield statistical interactions between drugs, outcomes, and TMB/FGA (extending previously reported results). Bulk tumor gene expression data for solid tumors from 6,488 patients across 18 solid tumor types was obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and normalized by tumor type. TMB and FGA for each TCGA patient sample was extracted from cBioPortal. DeSeq was employed to quantify differential gene expression of target receptors of 79 common anesthetic/analgesic drugs for high/low TMB and FGA. Localization of these receptors to specific immune cells was estimated using CIBERSORT.ResultsIncreased TMB and FGA magnified opioid pro-tumor effects on overall survival in LUAD, while increased TMB reduced ketamine anti-tumor effects on recurrence and did not affect ketorolac anti-tumor effects on recurrence. In COAD, increased TMB (DNA mismatch repair deficiency) magnified opioid anti-tumor effects on recurrence. Drug target receptor gene expression (and immune cell-type specificity) correlated with both TMB and FGA as a function of cancer type.ConclusionsTMB and FGA may have utility as biomarkers predictive of individual cancer patient response to anesthetic/analgesic dose effects on survival due to immunomodulation. Correlation across cancer types of anesthetic/analgesic target receptor gene expression with TMB and FGA and with TME immune cell types suggests molecular/omics level targets for further mechanistic exploration. A precision oncoanalgesia approach in the cancer patient may ultimately be warranted to optimize oncological outcomes.
Associations of elevated cardiac biomarkers with hyperuricemia and mortality in US adults without prevalent cardiovascular disease
Authors: Xie Haitao , Shen Le , Yu Peng , Wang Shi , Sun Tong , Liu Xueqian , Wang Mengxi , Qian Li , Hua Jiayi , Chen Nan , Chen Xiaohu , Tang Shuhua 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundNT-proBNP (N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide), high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs-troponin T), and high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I (hs-troponin I) have been widely recognized as significant cardiac biomarkers, and are increasingly being recommended for early risk identification in cardiovascular high-risk populations. The aim of our study was to evaluate the prevalence of elevated cardiac biomarkers (NT-proBNP, hs-troponin T, hs-troponin I) and their association with the risk of hyperuricemia in the general US adults without known cardiovascular disease. We further studied whether elevated cardiac biomarkers are associated with an increased risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in individuals with or without hyperuricemia.MethodsThe study population came from the adults (age ≥20y) without prevalent cardiovascular disease in NHANES (National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey) 1999 to 2004. We evaluated the prevalence of elevated cardiac biomarkers among adults with or without hyperuricemia, and conducted a comprehensive multivariate logistic regression analysis to ascertain the association between elevated cardiac biomarkers and hyperuricemia risk. Multivariate Cox regression model and Kaplan-Meier curve, risk competition model and Cumulative Incidence Function(CIF) were used respectively to examine the associations between elevated cardiac biomarkers with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality.ResultsIn general US adults without known cardiovascular disease, the prevalence of hyperuricemia was 16.35%. The age-adjustd prevalence of elevated NT-proBNP (≥125 pg/mL), hs-troponin T (≥6 ng/L), and hs-troponin I (male ≥6, female ≥4 ng/L) was 16.70%, 49.80%, and 11.91%, respectively, among adults with hyperuricemia. Adjusted multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed a statistically significant association between elevated levels of NT-proBNP, hs-troponin T, and hs-troponin I and hyperuricemia, and different clinical categories observed grade differences on the same cardiac biomarker. Elevated NT-proBNP, hs-troponinT and hs-troponinI were each significantly positively associated with the cumulative incidence of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in adults with or without hyperuricemia. Compared to those with elevated cardiac biomarkers only, adults with hyperuricemia and elevated cardiac biomarkers faced the highest risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality.ConclusionsOur study identified that elevated cardiac biomarkers pose a high burden on hyperuricemia risk in the general population without known cardiovascular disease, and further provides important information on long-term mortality risk in these populations. Routine testing of cardiac biomarkers may be useful for early risk identification and prognostic assessment in adults with hyperuricemia.
Association of serum uric acid to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in patients with diabetes or prediabetes: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Lai Xiaoli , Chen Tao 
Published: December 2024

Background and aimsThe serum uric acid (UA) to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) ratio (UHR) is a novel biomarker that indicates inflammation and metabolic disorders. Also, it has been shown that UHR correlates with the risk of cardiovascular disease. Despite this, limited research exists on its prognostic significance. This study aimed to explore the association of UHR with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in patients with diabetes or prediabetes.MethodsThis cohort study included 18,804 participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005-2018 with diabetes or prediabetes aged 20 years or older, followed until December 31, 2019. Patients with diabetes or prediabetes were grouped according to quartiles of UHR, which was calculated as serum UA (mg/dL)/HDL-C (mg/dL). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models, restricted cubic spline analysis, and threshold effects were performed to assess the association between baseline UHR and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. Subgroup analysis and sensitivity analysis were also conducted.ResultsDuring a median follow-up of 80 months, a total of 2,748 (14.61%) deaths occurred, including 869 (4.63%) cardiovascular deaths. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis revealed that the highest quartile of UHR had the highest mortality rates. Multivariable Cox regression analysis indicated that individuals in the highest quartile of UHR had a significantly higher risk of all-cause mortality (HR: 1.24, 95% CI: 1.07-1.45) and cardiovascular mortality (HR: 1.56, 95% CI: 1.19-2.04) compared to those in the second quartile. A J-shaped association between UHR and both all-cause and cardiovascular mortality was observed, with threshold points of 13.73% and 9.39%, respectively. Specifically, when UHR was above the respective thresholds, the HRs of a 10% increment of UHR for all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality were 1.45 (95% CI: 1.31-1.61) and 1.38 (95% CI: 1.20-1.60). However, UHR below the threshold did not significantly correlate with mortality. Furthermore, subgroup analyses showed that the correlation of UHR with all-cause mortality was significantly modified by sex and age, with a persistent positive correlation observed in women and those aged &lt; 60.ConclusionHigher UHR was correlated with increased all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in patients with diabetes or prediabetes.
Recovery of Coilia nasus resources after implementation of the 10-year fishing ban in the Yangtze River: implied from the Yangtze River Estuary and its adjacent sea areas
Authors: Wang Shuyan , Xiong Ying , Zhang Hushun , Song Dade , Wang Yanping , Ge Hui , Zhang Chengbin , Liang Long , Zhong Xiaming 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionThe implementation of the 10-year fishing ban in the Yangtze River has provided a crucial opportunity for the recovery of rare and endangered diadromous species, such as Coilia nasus.MethodsIn this study, we utilized electronic length–frequency analysis (ELEFAN) and length-based Bayesian biomass estimation (LBB) method to fit the body length data of C. nasus from the Yangtze River Estuary and its adjacent sea areas before and after the fishing ban (2019-2023), and the resource changes of C. nasus population were evaluated. Additionally, combined the catch production monitoring data from 2020 to 2022, we comprehensively analyzed the impact of the Yangtze River fishing ban on the recovery of C. nasus resources.ResultsThe results showed that: (1) The proportion of quantity, weight and occurrence frequency of C. nasus in catches showed a significant increasing trend year by year. (2) 4,994 C. nasus were caught from 2021–2023, with body lengths ranging from 13–410 mm. In 2023, the average body length and weight of C. nasus had increased by 39.93% and 133.89%, respectively, from those in 2021. (3) ELEFAN estimated that the growth parameters after fishing ban, including asymptotic length, growth coefficient, and the theoretical age at length zero, were determined to be 42.92 cm, 0.43 year-1, and -0.31 year, respectively. The total mortality rate, fishing mortality rate, and exploitation rate were determined to be 1.47 year-1, 0.79 year-1, and 0.54, respectively. (4) LBB estimated that the relative fishing mortality of C. nasus before the fishing ban increased from 1.22 in 2019 to 2.65 in 2020, while the relative biomass decreased from 0.34 to 0.22. After the fishing ban, the relative fishing mortality decreased from 0.85 in 2021 to 0.06 in 2023, and the relative biomass increased from 0.26 in 2021 to 0.90 in 2023, with a significant increase in 2022, indicating a clear recovery trend in C. nasus resources.DiscussionBy quantifying the resource characteristics of C. nasus before and after the 10-year fishing ban on the Yangtze River, this research revealed the impact of the ban and provided a reference for future systematic evaluations of the C. nasus population.
Non-linear surges and extreme wind-waves in Port Phillip Bay under existing and future mean sea levels
Authors: Tran Huy Quang , Ayala Cruz Franklin , McCarroll Jak , Babanin Alexander 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionThis study investigates non-linear surges and extreme wind-wave patterns in Port Phillip Bay (PPB), Victoria, Australia, under both current and projected mean sea level (MSL) scenarios. The research aims to understand the potential impacts of increasing MSL on extreme surges and wind-waves, utilising a combined wave-circulation modelling system (SCHISM-WWMIII).MethodsThis validated coupled model was employed to simulate 32 years of hindcasts (1990-2022) applied to five distinct MSL scenarios: existing, 0.5 m, 0.8 m, 1.1 m, and 1.4 m. Modelled data were extracted from 24 different stations in the bay at a depth of 2 m to analyse the impacts of increasing MSL on extreme surges and wind-waves.ResultsUnder the current scenario, the results indicate that both surges and wave patterns are significantly influenced by seasonal wind patterns. In the context of rising MSL, the research reveals that while surges exhibit a degree of resilience to changes in MSL, the wave field is more vulnerable to such variations. The non-linear response of the wave field to increasing MSL further complicates the scenario. For instance, there is an unequal response in the median of the annual maximum significant wave height (Hs) corresponding to the rising MSL from 0 m to 0.5 m and from 0.5 m to 0.8 m, which is expected due to wave breaking triggered by changes in water depth. Specifically, the median annual maximum Hs at 12 locations remains unchanged when MSL increases from 0 m to 0.5 m. However, increasing MSL from 0.5 m to 0.8 m increases the median annual maximum Hs by up to 0.36 m, accounting for 70% of the total increase in the median annual maximum Hs when MSL rises from 0 m to 1.4 m at the same locations.DiscussionThe study found that intensification in the median of annual maximum Hs occurs only in locations where the values exceed 1.0 m. This suggests that areas with higher extreme Hs values are more prone to experiencing significant variations. In contrast, stations with a median annual maximum Hs below the 1.0 m threshold exhibit only minor increases in the annual maximum Hs. These findings highlight the complex and non-linear nature of the wave field's response to rising MSL and emphasise the importance of considering local conditions when assessing the impacts of sea level rise on coastal regions.
Ultrasonographic evaluation of diastasis recti abdominis and its association with pelvic floor dysfunction in postpartum women: a cross-sectional study of a two-year retrospective cohort
Authors: Li Manrong , Wang Nana , Wang Rui , Liang Bingyin 
Published: December 2024

ObjectiveThis study aims to evaluate the ultrasonographic findings of Diastasis Recti Abdominis (DRA) in postpartum women, explore associated risk factors, and assess the relationship between DRA and pelvic floor dysfunction.MethodsThis retrospective cross-sectional study included 143 parturient women diagnosed with DRA at our institution from January 2022 to December 2023. The study aimed to assess the ultrasonographic characteristics and clinical implications of DRA in postpartum women. The study participants were aged 21–43 years, carried a single fetus to term without instrumental delivery, and had no prior abdominal surgery. We excluded incomplete records and cases with congenital lumbar spine abnormalities or significant visceral disease. Ultrasound was employed to evaluate the DRA features, specifically the condition of the abdominal midline and echo types. A control group comprised 57 women who had normal deliveries without DRA. The primary outcome of this study was the measurement of rectus abdominis separation using ultrasonography. Secondary outcomes included the assessment of pelvic floor muscle function via electromyography (EMG), evaluation of pain levels, and the identification of risk factors associated with diastasis recti.ResultsIn the observation group, ultrasound revealed widened abdominal midlines in 122 cases (85.31%), discontinuity in 21 cases (14.68%), and various echo types indicating unequal, narrow band-like moderate, and slightly strong fibrous echoes. Significant differences were found in rectus abdominis separation and levator ani muscle hiatus area, with both being larger in the observation group compared to the control group (p &lt; 0.05). Advanced maternal age, higher parity, higher pre-pregnancy BMI, and cesarean delivery were identified as significant risk factors for DRA occurrence in the logistic regression analysis.ConclusionDRA is prevalent among postpartum women with specific ultrasonographic profiles indicating considerable abdominal muscle separation. The study highlights the importance of ultrasound in diagnosing DRA and suggests that certain demographic and delivery method factors increase the risk of this condition. These findings could guide clinicians in early diagnosis and intervention, potentially improving outcomes for affected women.
Aging promotes an increase in mitochondrial fragmentation in astrocytes
Authors: Araujo Ana Paula Bergamo , Vargas Gabriele , Hayashide Lívia de Sá , Matias Isadora , Andrade Cherley Borba Vieira , de Carvalho Jorge José , Gomes Flávia Carvalho Alcantara , Diniz Luan Pereira 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionBrain aging involves a complex interplay of cellular and molecular changes, including metabolic alterations and the accumulation of senescent cells. These changes frequently manifest as dysregulation in glucose metabolism and mitochondrial function, leading to reduced energy production, increased oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction—key contributors to age-related neurodegenerative diseases.MethodsWe conducted experiments on two models: young (3–4 months) and aged (over 18 months) mice, as well as cultures of senescent and control mouse astrocytes. Mitochondrial content and biogenesis were analyzed in astrocytes and neurons from aged and young animals. Cultured senescent astrocytes were examined for mitochondrial membrane potential and fragmentation. Quantitative PCR (qPCR) and immunocytochemistry were used to measure fusion- and fission-related protein levels. Additionally, transmission electron microscopy provided morphological data on mitochondria.ResultsAstrocytes and neurons from aged animals showed a significant reduction in mitochondrial content and a decrease in mitochondrial biogenesis. Senescent astrocytes in culture exhibited lower mitochondrial membrane potential and increased mitochondrial fragmentation. qPCR and immunocytochemistry analyses revealed a 68% increase in fusion-related proteins (mitofusin 1 and 2) and a 10-fold rise in DRP1, a key regulator of mitochondrial fission. Transmission electron microscopy showed reduced perimeter, area, and length-to-diameter ratio of mitochondria in astrocytes from aged mice, supported by elevated DRP1 phosphorylation in astrocytes of the cerebral cortex.DiscussionOur findings provide novel evidence of increased mitochondrial fragmentation in astrocytes from aged animals. This study sheds light on mechanisms of astrocytic metabolic dysfunction and mitochondrial dysregulation in brain aging, highlighting mitochondrial fragmentation as a potential target for therapeutic interventions in age-related neurodegenerative diseases.
Development of an indicator framework for assessing nursing quality in interventional therapy for intracranial aneurysms in China
Authors: Yang Hai-xia , Fan Ben-fang , Zhao Jia , Ji Jian-hong , Ding Wen-bin , Shen Wei-guang 
Published: December 2024

ObjectiveThe objective of this study is to devise an indicator system to assess the quality of nursing care in the context of interventional therapy for intracranial aneurysms (IA) in China. This will furnish a standardized and quantitative framework for the monitoring and assessment of nursing quality within the IA interventional therapeutic field.MethodsThe indicators and their associated weights within the evaluation system for nursing quality in interventional therapy for IA were determined based on the theoretical framework of the three-dimensional quality model, specifically the “structure-process-outcome” paradigm. This was achieved by using several methodological approaches, such as literature analysis, semi-structured interviews, expert consultations, the Delphi method, and the analytic hierarchy process.ResultsExpert consultations were conducted over two rounds, with questionnaires distributed via email and WeChat. Both rounds yielded a questionnaire return rate of 100%. Across these consultations, pertinent statistical measures were obtained, such as the expert authority coefficient (Cr), the coefficient of variation (CV), and Kendall’s harmony coefficient, which exhibited values of 0.886 and 0.952, 0–0.193 and 0–0.185, and 0.138 and 0.149, respectively. These findings indicated statistically significant differences (p &lt; 0.01). Notably, the indicators within the final iteration of the evaluation system for nursing quality in interventional therapy for IA are categorized into 3 tiers: primary indicators, encompassing 3 metrics; secondary indicators, comprising 10 metrics; and tertiary indicators, consisting of 36 indicators.ConclusionThe indicator system devised for assessing nursing quality in interventional therapy for IA, as outlined in this study, possesses a high level of scientific rigor and reliability in China. It aptly captures the unique nuances inherent in IA management during interventional therapy nursing, thereby serving as a valuable reference point for the assessment of nursing quality within the context of IA interventional therapy.
Burden of neurologic diseases in BRICS countries (1990 to 2021): an analysis of 2021 Global Burden of Disease Study
Authors: Chauhan Shubham , Gaidhane Shilpa , Priya G. Padma , Sharma Pawan , Bhat Mahakshit , Sharma Shilpa , Kumar M. Ravi , Sinha Aashna , Zahiruddin Quazi Syed , Dev Navneet , Bushi Ganesh , Jena Diptismita , Shabil Muhammed , Sah Sanjit , Syed Rukshar , Kundra Kamal , Dash Alisha , Samal Shailesh Kumar 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundNeurological disorders are a major global health concern, especially in BRICS nations (Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa), where demographic and socio-economic changes have amplified their impact. This study evaluates trends in incidence, prevalence, mortality, and Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) associated with neurological diseases in these countries from 1990 to 2021, focusing on sex disparities and key risk factors.MethodsData were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 database. Join point regression and Estimated Annual Percentage Change (EAPC) analyses were used to assess trends in neurological disease burden. Age-standardized rates for incidence, prevalence, and mortality were calculated, along with DALYs, and key risk factors were analyzed.ResultsChina showed the largest increase in incidence (7541.89 to 8031.37 per 100,000) and prevalence (26494.85 to 28534.79 per 100,000). Mortality increased in India (21.01 to 24.27 per 100,000) and South Africa (27.66 to 30.65 per 100,000), while China showed a decline (39.59 to 37.30 per 100,000). Brazil experienced a substantial rise in DALYs (1610.65 to 42024.59). Sex disparities showed higher DALY rates for females across all nations.ConclusionThe research highlights the rising burden of neurological disorders in BRICS nations, especially in China and Brazil due to aging populations and metabolic risks. It emphasizes the need for targeted interventions in India and South Africa, where increasing mortality rates and DALYs are concerning. Effective health policies should focus on early detection, managing metabolic risks, and implementing sex-specific strategies to address these issues.