bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Music as a Technology of Surveillance
Authors: DROTT ERIC A. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThis article explores surveillance in cloud-based music streaming. Key catalysts in the transition from ownership- to access-based models of music distribution, services like Spotify, Pandora, or Deezer have positioned themselves as a means of reintegrating listeners into “digital enclosures” over which rights holders exercise greater control. Yet streaming's promise of remonetizing musical commodities demonetized by filesharing has been called into doubt by difficulties in converting users of advertising-based “freemium” services into paying subscribers. In need of alternative means of extracting value from users, streaming platforms have increasingly refashioned themselves as enterprises whose business extends beyond music-related services to encompass the collection, aggregation, and exchange of user data. In pursuing this strategy, streaming platforms place themselves in direct competition with other new media companies trading in user data. In order to distinguish themselves from such competitors, streaming platforms cast music as a particularly valuable source of data, offering privileged access to listeners’ innermost selves. But they also cast music as an ideal tracking device, accompanying individuals across a variety of social, physical and geographical spaces. In this way, the very attributes that make music so powerful a “technology of the self” facilitate its transformation into an equally powerful technology of surveillance.
Eheglück durch „Wenn“ und „Aber“?
Authors: Supke Max , Engl Joachim , Thurmaier Franz , Schulz Wolfgang , Hahlweg Kurt 
Published: July 2018

Zusammenfassung. Theoretischer Hintergrund: Die Qualität der partnerschaftlichen, verbalen Kommunikation ist ein entscheidender Faktor für Trennung und Scheidung. Durch Konjunktionen können Satzteile sinnvoll miteinander verknüpft und Beziehungen zwischen ihnen hergestellt werden. Fragestellung: Lässt sich anhand von in Konfliktgesprächen verwendeten Konjunktionen die Scheidungswahrscheinlichkeit und die Partnerschaftszufriedenheit von Ehepaaren nach fünf und 25 Jahren vorhersagen? Methode: Zur Untersuchung dieser Hypothesen wurden 172 Transkripte von N = 65 zufriedenen Ehepaaren linguistisch ausgewertet. Ergebnisse: Mithilfe von logistischen und linearen Regressionsmodellen konnte gezeigt werden, dass die verwendeten Konjunktionen einen signifikanten Prädiktor (Schutzfaktor) für die Vorhersage der Scheidungswahrscheinlichkeit darstellen. Zur Vorhersage der Partnerschaftszufriedenheit eigneten sie sich hingegen zu keinem der beiden Untersuchungszeitpunkte. Schlussfolgerungen: Insgesamt stellte der Konjunktionsgebrauch einen Indikator für komplexe soziale Interaktionsprozesse dar.
Matrix‐Based Sensitivity Assessment of Soil Organic Carbon Storage: A Case Study from the ORCHIDEE‐MICT Model
Authors: Huang Yuanyuan , Zhu Dan , Ciais Philippe , Guenet Bertrand , Huang Ye , Goll Daniel S. , Guimberteau Matthieu , Jornet‐Puig Albert , Lu Xingjie , Luo Yiqi 
Published: July 2018

AbstractModeling of global soil organic carbon (SOC) is accompanied by large uncertainties. The heavy computational requirement limits our flexibility in disentangling uncertainty sources especially in high latitudes. We build a structured sensitivity analyzing framework through reorganizing the Organizing Carbon and Hydrology in Dynamic Ecosystems (ORCHIDEE)‐aMeliorated Interactions between Carbon and Temperature (MICT) model with vertically discretized SOC into one matrix equation, which brings flexibility in comprehensive sensitivity assessment. Through Sobol's method enabled by the matrix, we systematically rank 34 relevant parameters according to variance explained by each parameter and find a strong control of carbon input and turnover time on long‐term SOC storages. From further analyses for each soil layer and regional assessment, we find that the active layer depth plays a critical role in the vertical distribution of SOC and SOC equilibrium stocks in northern high latitudes (>50°N). However, the impact of active layer depth on SOC is highly interactive and nonlinear, varying across soil layers and grid cells. The stronger impact of active layer depth on SOC comes from regions with shallow active layer depth (e.g., the northernmost part of America, Asia, and some Greenland regions). The model is sensitive to the parameter that controls vertical mixing (cryoturbation rate) but only when the vertical carbon input from vegetation is limited since the effect of vertical mixing is relatively small. And the current model structure may still lack mechanisms that effectively bury nonrecalcitrant SOC. We envision a future with more comprehensive model intercomparisons and assessments with an ensemble of land carbon models adopting the matrix‐based sensitivity framework.
Nitrate Isotope Distribution in the Subarctic and Subtropical North Pacific
Authors: Yoshikawa Chisato , Makabe Akiko , Matsui Yohei , Nunoura Takuro , Ohkouchi Naohiko 
Published: July 2018

AbstractNitrogen and oxygen isotopic compositions of nitrate (δ15NNitrate and δ18ONitrate) were determined along 47°N in the subarctic North Pacific and 149°E in the western North Pacific. In the western subarctic gyre, known as a high‐nutrient, low‐chlorophyll region, the δ15NNitrate and the differences between δ15NNitrate and δ18ONitrate (herein Δ(15–18)) in the intermediate water were significantly lower than in the surrounding area. The 15N‐depleted nitrate was generated by nitrified nitrate from the remineralization of organic matter produced by the partial consumption of the surface nitrate pool. Between the western subarctic gyre and the Alaskan gyre, there was a 0.2‰ increase in δ15NNitrate and a 0.3‰ increase in Δ(15–18) in the intermediate water associated with a 7.2‐μM decrease in the nitrate concentration at the surface. Assuming Rayleigh distillation kinetics, the increase in utilization of the surface nitrate pool between the western subarctic gyre and the Alaskan gyre (from 29% to 85%) corresponds to a change in δ15N of organic matter from 2.6‰ to 4.9‰. The 15N enrichment of intermediate nitrate toward the east resulted from the increase in utilization. Moreover, the 15N‐depleted nitrate in the mixed‐layer water of the western subtropical gyre was affected by N2 fixation in the Kuroshio water, whereas the 15N‐enriched nitrate in the intermediate water at the western margin of North America was affected by water column denitrification. The δ15N sediment record in the western subarctic North Pacific likely reflects past changes in the high‐nutrient, low‐chlorophyll region but may also be controlled by water column denitrification and N2 fixation.
Wave Evolution in Off‐Ice Wind Conditions
Authors: Gemmrich Johannes , Rogers W. Erick , Thomson Jim , Lehner Susanne 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe reduction of the sea ice coverage increases the importance of wind waves in the Arctic. Updates to the standard spectral wave models in recent years have included many aspects of wave‐ice interaction. Here we use high‐resolution wave parameters retrieved from TerraSAR‐X images and in situ SWIFT buoy observations to evaluate the performance of WAVEWATCH III® in ice‐free waters in the western Arctic over a 7‐week period including the fall freeze‐up. About two thirds of the analyzed data sets show a good agreement between observations and model results. In other cases, more accurate representation of the wind input fields and the ice coverage could improve the model predictions. Two data sets with larger discrepancy are discussed in more detail. In these two cases of low model skill, with off‐ice wind conditions, we show that the model wind‐sea growth is too weak to match TerraSAR‐X observations, and this situation is improved only slightly by including the effects of atmospheric stability using existing methods. Application of an effective fetch parameterization, which allows for reduced wave generation within the marginal ice zone prior to the open ocean, provides the best estimation of wave growth during off‐ice winds.
The Polygonal Surface Structures in the Dalangtan Playa, Qaidam Basin, NW China: Controlling Factors for Their Formation and Implications for Analogous Martian Landforms
Authors: Dang Y. N. , Xiao L. , Xu Y. , Zhang F. , Huang J. , Wang J. , Zhao J. N. , Komatsu G. , Yue Z. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractAbundant polygonal surface structure (PSS) landforms within the Qaidam Basin, Tibetan Plateau, northwestern China, are considered to be excellent analogues for the PSSs on Mars. In this study, we have carried out fieldwork in the Dalangtan Playa, a large dried salt lake in the northwestern Qaidam Basin, complemented with laboratory analyses of collected samples. Our study shows that (1) the playa PSSs can be divided into three groups: small (<10 m), medium (10–100 m), and large (>100 m) according to their sizes; (2) the samples collected from the PSSs are dominated by halite (mostly >50 wt %), followed by feldspar (mostly ~20 wt %), quartz, and minor clays; (3) illite‐ and chlorite‐dominated clay minerals are detected in nearly all medium‐ to large‐sized PSS regions; the average halite content of small‐sized PSSs is higher than that of larger PSSs; (4) most small‐sized PSSs are distributed on the flat playa floors, while larger PSSs tend to occur at the edge of the Dalangtan Playa with higher elevations. The topography within the Dalangtan Playa controls different mineralogical precipitation primarily due to evaporation processes. Thus, correlations of the size‐dependent PSS occurrences and elevations seem to indicate that the PSS formation is strongly influenced by the mineralogy. The geomorphological similarity of these PSSs and their counterparts on Mars indicates that the Martian PSSs likely formed as a result of environmental change from wet to dryer condition, and it also suggests that there are similar controlling factors responsible for the PSS formation on Mars.
Nintedanib decreases muscle fibrosis and improves muscle function in a murine model of dystrophinopathy
Authors: Piñol-Jurado Patricia , Suárez-Calvet Xavier , Fernández-Simón Esther , Gallardo Eduard , de la Oliva Natalia , Martínez-Muriana Anna , Gómez-Gálvez Pedro , Escudero Luis M. , Pérez-Peiró María , Wollin Lutz , de Luna Noemi , Navarro Xavier , Illa Isabel , Díaz-Manera Jordi 
Published: July 2018

AbstractDuchenne muscle dystrophy (DMD) is a genetic disorder characterized by progressive skeletal muscle weakness. Dystrophin deficiency induces instability of the sarcolemma during muscle contraction that leads to muscle necrosis and replacement of muscle by fibro-adipose tissue. Several therapies have been developed to counteract the fibrotic process. We report the effects of nintedanib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, in the mdx murine model of DMD. Nintedanib reduced proliferation and migration of human fibroblasts in vitro and decreased the expression of fibrotic genes such as COL1A1, COL3A1, FN1, TGFB1, and PDGFA. We treated seven mdx mice with 60 mg/kg/day nintedanib for 1 month. Electrophysiological studies showed an increase in the amplitude of the motor action potentials and an improvement of the morphology of motor unit potentials in the animals treated. Histological studies demonstrated a significant reduction of the fibrotic areas present in the skeletal muscles. Analysis of mRNA expression from muscles of treated mice showed a reduction in Col1a1, Col3a1, Tgfb1, and Pdgfa. Western blot showed a reduction in the expression of collagen I in skeletal muscles. In conclusion, nintedanib reduced the fibrotic process in a murine model of dystrophinopathy after 1 month of treatment, suggesting its potential use as a therapeutic drug in DMD patients.
A novel small-molecule activator of Sirtuin-1 induces autophagic cell death/mitophagy as a potential therapeutic strategy in glioblastoma
Authors: Yao Zhi-qiang , Zhang Xin , Zhen Yongqi , He Xu-Ying , Zhao Shuangmei , Li Xi-Feng , Yang Bo , Gao Feng , Guo Fu-You , Fu Leilei , Liu Xian-Zhi , Duan Chuan-Zhi 
Published: July 2018

AbstractSirtuin-1 (SIRT1), the mammalian ortholog of yeast Sir2p, is well known to be a highly conserved NAD+-dependent protein deacetylase that has been emerging as a key cancer target. Autophagy, an evolutionarily conserved, multi-step lysosomal degradation process, has been implicated in cancer. Accumulating evidence has recently revealed that SIRT1 may act as a tumor suppressor in several types of cancer, and thus activating SIRT1 would represent a possible therapeutic strategy. Thus, in our study, we identified that SIRT1 was a key prognostic factor in brain cancer based upon The Cancer Genome Atlas and tissue microarray analyses. Subsequently, we screened a series of potential small-molecule activators of SIRT1 from Drugbank, and found the best candidate compound F0911-7667 (hereafter, named Comp 5), which showed a good deacetylase activity for SIRT1 rather than other Sirtuins. In addition, we demonstrated that Comp 5-induced autophagic cell death via the AMPK-mTOR-ULK complex in U87MG and T98G cells. Interestingly, Comp 5-induced mitophagy by the SIRT1–PINK1–Parkin pathway. Further iTRAQ-based proteomics analyses revealed that Comp 5 could induce autophagy/mitophagy by downregulating 14-3-3γ, catalase, profilin-1, and HSP90α. Moreover, we showed that Comp 5 had a therapeutic potential on glioblastoma (GBM) and induced autophagy/mitophagy by activating SIRT1 in vivo. Together, these results demonstrate a novel small-molecule activator of SIRT1 that induces autophagic cell death/mitophagy in GBM cells, which would be utilized to exploit this compound as a leading drug for future cancer therapy.
MicroRNA-21 prevents excessive inflammation and cardiac dysfunction after myocardial infarction through targeting KBTBD7
Authors: Yang Linshan , Wang Bo , Zhou Qingqing , Wang Yiru , Liu Xingguang , Liu Zhongmin , Zhan Zhenzhen 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe excessive inflammation triggered by damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) after myocardial infarction (MI) is responsible for the development of cardiac dysfunction and adverse remodeling, while the mechanisms by which inflammation is fine tuned remain to be fully elucidated. MicroRNA-21 (miR-21) has been shown to function in cardiovascular diseases, while its role in inflammatory responses and cardiac function post MI in mice remains unknown. Here, we found that miR-21 expression was markedly increased in border and infarct areas of cardiac tissues during the early inflammatory phase of MI model established by ligating the left-anterior descending coronary artery. MiR-21 knockout mice had decreased survival rates, worse cardiac dysfunction, and increased infarct and scar areas after MI compared with WT mice. MiR-21 knockout mice showed significantly higher levels of inflammatory cytokines including IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α in cardiac tissues, as well as infiltration of CD11b+ monocytes/macrophages with higher expression level of inflammatory cytokines. MI induced the great release of high mobility group protein B1 (HMGB1) and heat shock protein 60 (HSP60) in cardiac tissue. MiR-21 deficiency significantly promoted the inflammatory cytokine production triggered by DAMPs in macrophages, whereas, miR-21 overexpression markedly inhibited the inflammatory cytokine production. Mechanistically, miR-21 deficiency enhanced p38 and NF-κB signaling activation in cardiac tissue post MI and macrophages treated with DAMPs. MiR-21 was found to directly target kelch repeat and BTB (POZ) domain containing 7 (KBTBD7), which promoted DAMP-triggered inflammatory responses in macrophages. Furthermore, KBTBD7 interacted with MKK3/6 and promoted their activation, which in turn enhanced the activation of downstream p38 and NF-κB signaling induced by DAMPs. Therefore, our findings demonstrate that miR-21 attenuates inflammation, cardiac dysfunction, and maladaptive remodeling post MI through targeting KBTBD7 and inhibiting p38 and NF-κB signaling activation, suggesting that miR-21 may function as a novel potential therapeutic target for MI.
Regulation and biological role of the peptide/histidine transporter SLC15A3 in Toll-like receptor-mediated inflammatory responses in macrophage
Authors: Song Feifeng , Yi Yaodong , Li Cui , Hu Yongjun , Wang Jinhai , Smith David E. , Jiang Huidi 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe peptide/histidine transporter SLC15A3 is responsible for transporting histidine, certain dipeptide and peptidomimetics from inside the lysosome to cytosol. Previous studies have indicated that SLC15A3 transcripts are mainly expressed in the lymphatic system, however, its regulation and biological role in innate immune responses and inflammatory diseases are as yet unknown. In this study, mouse peritoneal macrophages (PMs), mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs), the human acute monocytic leukemia cell line THP-1 and the human lung epithelial carcinoma cell line A549 were used to investigate the regulation and biological role of SLC15A3 in TLR-mediated inflammatory responses. Our results showed that SLC15A3 was upregulated by TLR2, TLR4, TLR7 and TLR9 ligands in macrophages at both the mRNA and protein levels via activation of NF-κB (nuclear factor-kappa-B), MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase) and IRF3 (interferon regulatory factor 3). Furthermore, knockdown or overexpression of SLC15A3 influenced the TLR4-triggered expression of proinflammatory cytokines. A reporter gene assay showed that the SLC15A3 promotor contained potential NF-κB binding sites, which were reasonable for regulating SLC15A3 by TLR-activation through NF-κB signaling. Additionally, SLC15A3 expression was increased and positively related to inflammation in mice with bacterial peritonitis. The collective findings suggest that SLC15A3 is regulated by various TLRs, and that it plays an important role in regulating TLR4-mediated inflammatory responses.
Intravital imaging-based analysis tools for vessel identification and assessment of concurrent dynamic vascular events
Authors: Honkura Naoki , Richards Mark , Laviña Bàrbara , Sáinz-Jaspeado Miguel , Betsholtz Christer , Claesson-Welsh Lena 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe vasculature undergoes changes in diameter, permeability and blood flow in response to specific stimuli. The dynamics and interdependence of these responses in different vessels are largely unknown. Here we report a non-invasive technique to study dynamic events in different vessel categories by multi-photon microscopy and an image analysis tool, RVDM (relative velocity, direction, and morphology) allowing the identification of vessel categories by their red blood cell (RBC) parameters. Moreover, Claudin5 promoter-driven green fluorescent protein (GFP) expression is used to distinguish capillary subtypes. Intradermal injection of vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) is shown to induce leakage of circulating dextran, with vessel-type-dependent kinetics, from capillaries and venules devoid of GFP expression. VEGFA-induced leakage in capillaries coincides with vessel dilation and reduced flow velocity. Thus, intravital imaging of non-invasive stimulation combined with RVDM analysis allows for recording and quantification of very rapid events in the vasculature.
Act1 is a negative regulator in T and B cells via direct inhibition of STAT3
Authors: Zhang Cun-Jin , Wang Chenhui , Jiang Meiling , Gu Chunfang , Xiao Jianxin , Chen Xing , Martin Bradley N. , Tang Fangqiang , Yamamoto Erin , Xian Yibo , Wang Han , Li Fengling , Sartor R. Balfour , Smith Howard , Husni M. Elaine , Shi Fu-Dong , Gao Ji , Carman Julie , Dongre Ashok , McKarns Susan C. , Coppieters Ken , Jørgensen Trine N. , Leonard Warren J. , Li Xiaoxia 
Published: July 2018

AbstractAlthough Act1 (adaptor for IL-17 receptors) is necessary for IL-17-mediated inflammatory responses, Act1- (but not Il17ra-, Il17rc-, or Il17rb-) deficient mice develop spontaneous SLE- and Sjögren’s-like diseases. Here, we show that Act1 functions as a negative regulator in T and B cells via direct inhibition of STAT3. Mass spectrometry analysis detected an Act1–STAT3 complex, deficiency of Act1 (but not Il17ra-, Il17rc-, or Il17rb) results in hyper IL-23- and IL-21-induced STAT3 activation in T and B cells, respectively. IL-23R deletion or blockade of IL-21 ameliorates SLE- and Sjögren’s-like diseases in Act1−/− mice. Act1 deficiency results in hyperactivated follicular Th17 cells with elevated IL-21 expression, which promotes T–B cell interaction for B cell expansion and antibody production. Moreover, anti-IL-21 ameliorates the SLE- and Sjögren’s-like diseases in Act1-deficient mice. Thus, IL-21 blocking antibody might be an effective therapy for treating SLE- and Sjögren’s-like syndrome in patients containing Act1 mutation.
Mutant ASXL1 cooperates with BAP1 to promote myeloid leukaemogenesis
Authors: Asada Shuhei , Goyama Susumu , Inoue Daichi , Shikata Shiori , Takeda Reina , Fukushima Tsuyoshi , Yonezawa Taishi , Fujino Takeshi , Hayashi Yasutaka , Kawabata Kimihito Cojin , Fukuyama Tomofusa , Tanaka Yosuke , Yokoyama Akihiko , Yamazaki Satoshi , Kozuka-Hata Hiroko , Oyama Masaaki , Kojima Shinya , Kawazu Masahito , Mano Hiroyuki , Kitamura Toshio 
Published: July 2018

AbstractASXL1 mutations occur frequently in myeloid neoplasms and are associated with poor prognosis. However, the mechanisms by which mutant ASXL1 induces leukaemogenesis remain unclear. In this study, we report mutually reinforcing effects between a C-terminally truncated form of mutant ASXL1 (ASXL1-MT) and BAP1 in promoting myeloid leukaemogenesis. BAP1 expression results in increased monoubiquitination of ASXL1-MT, which in turn increases the catalytic function of BAP1. This hyperactive ASXL1-MT/BAP1 complex promotes aberrant myeloid differentiation of haematopoietic progenitor cells and accelerates RUNX1-ETO-driven leukaemogenesis. Mechanistically, this complex induces upregulation of posterior HOXA genes and IRF8 through removal of H2AK119 ubiquitination. Importantly, BAP1 depletion inhibits posterior HOXA gene expression and leukaemogenicity of ASXL1-MT-expressing myeloid leukemia cells. Furthermore, BAP1 is also required for the growth of MLL-fusion leukemia cells with posterior HOXA gene dysregulation. These data indicate that BAP1, which has long been considered a tumor suppressor, in fact plays tumor-promoting roles in myeloid neoplasms.
TCM visualizes trajectories and cell populations from single cell data
Authors: Gong Wuming , Kwak Il-Youp , Koyano-Nakagawa Naoko , Pan Wei , Garry Daniel J. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractProfiling single cell gene expression data over specified time periods are increasingly applied to the study of complex developmental processes. Here, we describe a novel prototype-based dimension reduction method to visualize high throughput temporal expression data for single cell analyses. Our software preserves the global developmental trajectories over a specified time course, and it also identifies subpopulations of cells within each time point demonstrating superior visualization performance over six commonly used methods.