bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Utilisation of mammography by women with mobility impairment in the UK: secondary analysis of cross-sectional data
Authors: Sakellariou Dikaios , Rotarou Elena S 
Published: March 2019

ObjectivesResearch has shown that people with physical impairment report lower utilisation of preventive services. The aim of this study was to examine whether women with mobility impairments have lower odds of using mammography compared with women with no such impairment, and explore the factors that are associated with lower utilisation.Sample and designWe performed secondary analysis, using logistic regressions, of deidentified cross-sectional data from the European Health Interview Survey, Wave 2. The sample included 9491 women from across the UK, 2697 of whom had mobility impairment. The survey method involved face-to-face and telephone interviews.Outcome measuresSelf-report of the last time a mammogram was undertaken.ResultsAdjusting for various demographic and socioeconomic variables, women with mobility impairment had 1.3 times (95% CI 0.70 to 0.92) lower odds of having a mammogram than women without mobility impairment. Concerning women with mobility impairment, married women had more than twice the odds of having a mammogram than women that had never been married (OR 2.07, 95% CI 1.49 to 2.88). Women in Scotland had 1.5 times (95% CI 1.08 to 2.10) higher odds of undertaking the test than women in England. Women with upper secondary education had 1.4 times (95% CI 1.10 to 1.67) higher odds of undergoing the test than women with primary or lower secondary education. Also, women from higher quintiles (third and fifth quintiles) had higher odds of using mammography, with the women in the fifth quintile having 1.5 times (95% CI 1.02 to 2.15) higher odds than women from the first quintile.ConclusionsIn order to achieve equitable access to mammography for all women, it is important to acknowledge the barriers that impede women with mobility impairment from using the service. These barriers can refer to structural disadvantage, such as lower income and employment rate, transportation barriers, or previous negative experiences, among others.
Morphine in acute coronary syndrome: systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Duarte Gonçalo Silva , Nunes-Ferreira Afonso , Rodrigues Filipe Brogueira , Pinto Fausto J , Ferreira Joaquim J , Costa Joao , Caldeira Daniel 
Published: March 2019

ObjectiveMorphine is frequently used in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) due to its analgesic effect, it being recommended in the main cardiology guidelines in Europe and the USA. However, controversy exists regarding its routine use due to potential safety concerns. We conducted a systematic review of randomised-controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies to synthesise the available evidence.DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis.Data sourcesCENTRAL, MEDLINE, EMBASE and trial registries.Eligibility criteria for selecting studiesWe included RCTs and observational studies evaluating the impact of morphine in cardiovascular outcomes or platelet reactivity measures.Data extraction and synthesisData were screened, extracted and appraised by two independent reviewers. The data were pooled results using a random-effects model. Outcomes included in-hospital mortality, major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), platelet reactivity (using VerifyNow) and bleeding, reported as relative risk (RR) with 95% CI. We assessed the confidence in the evidence using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) framework. We followed the Meta-analysis Of Observational Studies in Epidemiology and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines.ResultsFive RCTs and 12 observational studies were included, enrolling 69 993 participants. Pooled results showed an increased risk of in-hospital mortality (RR 1.45 [95% CI 1.10 to 1.91], low GRADE confidence), MACE (RR 1.21, 95% CI 1.02 to 1.45) and an increased platelet reactivity at 1 and 2 hours (59.37 platelet reactivity units [PRU], 95% CI 36.04 to 82.71; 68.28 PRU, 95% CI 37.01 to 99.55, high GRADE confidence) associated with morphine. We found no significant difference in the risk of bleeding. We found no differences in subgroup analyses based on study design and ACS subtype.ConclusionsMorphine was associated with an increased risk of in-hospital mortality and MACE but the high risk of bias leads to low result confidence. There is high confidence that morphine decreases the antiplatelet effect of P2Y12 inhibitors.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42016036357.
Effect of household relocation on child vaccination and health service utilisation in Dhaka, Bangladesh: a cross-sectional community survey
Authors: Horng Lily , Kakoly Nadira Sultana , Abedin Jaynal , Luby Stephen P 
Published: March 2019

ObjectiveTo explore the relationship between household relocation and use of vaccination and health services for severe acute respiratory illness (ARI) among children in Dhaka, Bangladesh.DesignAnalysis of cross-sectional community survey data from a prior study examining the impact ofHaemophilus influenzaetype b vaccine introduction in 2009 on meningitis incidence in Bangladesh.SettingCommunities surrounding two large paediatric hospitals in Dhaka, Bangladesh.ParticipantsHouseholds with children under 5 years old who either recently relocated<12 months or who were residentially stable living>24 months in their current residence (total n=10 020) were selected for this study.Primary outcome measuresFull vaccination coverage among children aged 9-59 months and visits to a qualified medical provider for severe ARI among children under 5 years old.ResultsUsing vaccination cards with maternal recall, full vaccination was 80% among recently relocated children (n=3795) and 85% among residentially stable children (n=4713; χ2=37.2, p<0.001). Among children with ARI in the prior year, 69% of recently relocated children (n=695) had visited a qualified medical provider compared with 82% of residentially stable children (n=763; χ2=31.9, p<0.001). After adjusting for demographic and socioeconomic characteristics, recently relocated children were less likely to be fully vaccinated (prevalence ratio [PR] 0.97; 95% CI 0.95 to 0.99; p=0.016) and to have visited a qualified medical provider for ARI (PR 0.88; 95% CI 0.84 to 0.93; p<0.001).ConclusionsChildren in recently relocated households in Dhaka, Bangladesh, have decreased use of vaccination and qualified health services for severe ARI.
Cross-validated prediction model for severe adverse neonatal outcomes in a term, non-anomalous, singleton cohort
Authors: Flatley Christopher , Gibbons Kristen , Hurst Cameron , Flenady Vicki , Kumar Sailesh 
Published: March 2019

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to develop a predictive model using maternal, intrapartum and ultrasound variables for a composite of severe adverse neonatal outcomes (SANO) in term infants.DesignProspectively collected observational study. Mixed effects generalised linear models were used for modelling. Internal validation was performed using the K-fold cross-validation technique.SettingThis was a study of women that birthed at the Mater Mother’s Hospital in Brisbane, Australia between January 2010 and April 2017.PatientsWe included all term, non-anomalous singleton pregnancies that had an ultrasound performed between 36 and 38 weeks gestation and had recordings for the umbilical artery pulsatility index, middle cerebral artery pulsatility index and the estimated fetal weight (EFW).Main outcome measuresThe components of the SANO were: severe acidosis arterial, admission to the neonatal intensive care unit, Apgar score of ≤3 at 5 min or perinatal death.ResultsThere were 5439 women identified during the study period that met the inclusion criteria, with 11.7% of this cohort having SANO. The final generalised linear mixed model consisted of the following variables: maternal ethnicity, socioeconomic score, nulliparity, induction of labour, method of birth and z-scores for EFW and cerebroplacental ratio. The final model had an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.71.ConclusionsThe results of this study demonstrate it is possible to predict infants that are at risk of SANO at term with moderate accuracy using a combination of maternal, intrapartum and ultrasound variables. Cross-validation analysis suggests a high calibration of the model.
A new set of eyes: development of a novel microangioscope for neurointerventional surgery
Authors: Lazaro Tyler , Srinivasan Visish M , Cooper Phillip , Phillips Michael , Garcia Robert , Chen Stephen R , Johnson Jeremiah , Collins Dalis E , Kan Peter 
Published: March 2019

BackgroundEndovascular technological advances have revolutionized the field of neurovascular surgery and have become the mainstay of treatment for many cerebrovascular pathologies. Digital subtraction angiography (DSA) is the ’gold standard' for visualization of the vasculature and deployment of endovascular devices. Nonetheless, with recent technological advances in optics, angioscopy has emerged as a potentially important adjunct to DSA. Angioscopy can offer direct visualization of the intracranial vasculature, and direct observation and inspection of device deployment. However, previous iterations of this technology have not been sufficiently miniaturized or practical for modern neurointerventional practice.ObjectiveTo describe the evolution, development, and design of a microangioscope that offers both high-quality direct visualization and the miniaturization necessary to navigate in the small intracranial vessels and provide examples of its potential applications in the diagnosis and treatment of cerebrovascular pathologies using an in vivo porcine model.MethodsIn this proof-of-concept study we introduce a novel microangioscope, designed from coherent fiber bundle technology. The microangioscope is smaller than any previously described angioscope, at 1.7 F, while maintaining high-resolution images. A porcine model is used to demonstrate the resolution of the images in vivo.ResultsVideo recordings of the microangioscope show the versatility of the camera mounted on different microcatheters and its ability to navigate external carotid artery branches. The microangioscope is also shown to be able to resolve the subtle differences between red and white thrombi in a porcine model.ConclusionA new microangioscope, based on miniaturized fiber optic technology, offers a potentially revolutionary way to visualize the intracranial vascular space.
DEPOIMENTO SOBRE A EXPERIÊNCIA DE LEITURA E CRÍTICA DOS POETAS DE ORPHEU
Authors: Lourenço Eduardo 
Published: March 2019

Depoimento concedido à Professora Dra. Lilian Jacoto na Fundação Calouste Gulbenkian em Lisboa, no ano de 2015, transcrito por Roberta Ferraz e editado por Luiz Melques.
GULA E LITERATURA: DIÁLOGO GASTRONÔMICO COM A OBRA DE EÇA DE QUEIRÓS
Authors: De Andrade José Roberto 
Published: March 2019

O escritor Eça de Queirós (1845-1900) não se destacou pelas habilidades culinárias, mas marcou a cozinha portuguesa. Sua obra literária e jornalística revela que Eça escolheu representar, também pela perspectiva do estômago, a sociedade portuguesa de sua época, aproximando escritor do cozinheiro. Neste artigo, comentam-se textos jornalísticos do escritor português e faz-se a leitura de um jantar de O Primo Basílio para destacar a possibilidade de diálogos entre a obra do escritor e a gastronomia e a importância deste tema como chave interpretativa dos textos ecianos.
A NOVÍSSIMA LITERATURA PORTUGUESA: NOVAS IDENTIDADES DE ESCRITA
Authors: Silva Gabriela 
Published: March 2019

luz do que denominamos como contemporâneo, marcada pela necessidade de redescoberta do homem português, sua apreensão do real e posicionamento no mundo hodierno, são as principais características da literatura produzida em Portugal nos dias atuais. Associadas às diferentes formas de narrar e pensar a escrita Gonçalo M. Tavares, Nuno Camarneiro e Afonso Cruz, destacam-se entre os novos escritores portugueses. Rompem com a questão de narrar apenas dentro da identidade cultural a que estão associados, ao mesmo tempo alicerçam uma nova concepção do seu papel de inventor/criador de universos ficcionais. O espaço ficcional é por sua natureza o espaço das possibilidades.
A PERSONAGEM E A MEMÓRIA EM DOIS ROMANCES DE LÍDIA JORGE
Authors: Lucas Collares Ramis Paula Renata 
Published: March 2019

Em A costa dos murmúrios (1988), a personagem Eva Lopo através do seu discurso, situado vinte anos após os acontecimentos, expõe os conflitos da guerra pela independência em Moçambique (África) e, principalmente, mostra-nos como a mulher era tratada em tal contexto. Já em A noite das mulheres cantoras (2011), encontramos a personagem Solange de Matos que, afastada vinte e um anos dos acontecimentos, também olha para o passado na tentativa de reviver e entender os momentos vividos no território do «império minuto». A partir dessas narrativas da escritora Lídia Jorge, pretende-se analisar como as duas mulheres (Eva Lopo e Solange Matos) regressam ao passado e reorganizam o presente. Intenciona-se investigar como tais personagens adotam perspectivas diferentes em relação aos acontecimentos históricos. Buscar-se-á também pensar a respeito da personagem literária que sofreu diferentes abordagens ao longo dos tempos.
The paleoproterozoic post-tectonic granites of the Gavião Block: the example of Salininha monzogranite, Brumado, Bahia, Brazil
Authors: Barbosa Rafael Gordilho , Barbosa Johildo Salomão Figueiredo , Hamilton Michael Andrew , Oliveira Jailma Santos de Souza de , Salles Lucas De Queiroz 
Published: March 2019

The Gavião Block is underlain by a variety of Archean orthogneisses and greenstone belts, intruded by a suite of syn-deformational and post-tectonic granitoids which ages of emplacement are poorly constrained between the Paleoand Mesoproterozoic. The Salininha monzogranite is a massive intrusion located approximately 50 km northwest of Brumado, south-central Bahia state, Brazil. The intrusion is representative of several post-tectonic felsic plutons in the Gavião Block. Their petrology, geochemistry and age have been largely unstudied. Salininha pluton is a roughly 16 km2 irregular, elongate body intruding strongly deformed and metamorphosed orthogneisses and migmatites of the Archean Gavião Complex. Modally, the Salininha rocks contain biotite as the major ferromagnesian accessory, besides lesser hornblende, muscovite, chlorite, zircon, opaques and epidote. They are slightly peraluminous rocks with high silica contents (71.6 – 75.0wt%), obtained by lithium tetraborate fusion inductively coupled plasma (ICP). The rocks have high concentration of Rb, Sr and Ba (323,88 and 1,155 ppm, respectively). These values were obtained by lithium tetraborate fusion (mass spectrometer—MS). The average value obtained for the La/Yb ratio was 18.83. Chondrite-normalized rare earth element (REE) patterns show a smooth, restricted range, with moderate light REE enrichment, but flat heavy REE patterns — all samples show pronounced negative Eu anomalies consistent with feldspar fractionation. Major and trace elements have trends, which indicate that crystal fractionation of plagioclase, K-feldspar and biotite — an important process during magmatic evolution of the pluton. The trace element data provided support to the classification of the Salininha monzogranite as a post-collisional intrusion. A representative sample has yielded an early Orosirian U-Pb (zircon) age of 2003 ± 4 Ma, via chemical abrasion-isotope dilution-thermal ionization
Hydrogeochemical modeling of fluoride contents in groundwater in outcrop area of Guarani Aquifer System, southern Brazil
Authors: Luiz Thiago Boeno Patricio , Silva José Luiz Silvério da , Descovi Filho Leônidas Luiz Volcato 
Published: March 2019

Groundwater quality problems with high fluoride contents were studied in an outcrop area on a portion of Guarani Aquifer System (GAS), in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, southern Brazil. The methodology was based on the evaluation of tectonic structures lineaments and geochemical modeling of 13 groundwater physical-chemical data with anomalies of fluoride from tube wells. The lineaments trace and speciation code PHREEQC 3.3.5 used suggest the occurrence of distinct mineralogical contributions, in which the precipitation of carbonate minerals from the mineral structure of the GAS sandstone and cation exchange play a fundamental role in the hydrogeochemistry of fluoride. The results were analyzed by the main transects, which allowed the definition of characteristics of mineral dissolution and precipitation in the environment. The halite and sylvite showed dissolution tendencies along the traced transects, towards the mineral equilibrium. The fluorite mineral presented undersaturation with tendencies to mineral equilibrium and, possibly, precipitation in the most salinized waters. The applied methodology allowed the extraction of information for a better understanding of the hydrogeochemical dynamics of salinized waters and their water/rock interactions in outcrop area of the GAS, constituting a material to support the research of anomalous fluoride concentrations in groundwater and the practices of management of this important aquifer system.
İKTİSADİ YÖNÜYLE OSMANLI VAKIFLARINDA SU KAYNAKLARININ YÖNETİMİ 18.VE 19. YÜZYILLARDA URFA VAKIFLARI ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: ÖĞÜT Tahir 
Published: March 2019

Urfa 18. yüzyılda iskân politikaları ve İran
seferlerinin lojistik merkezlerinden biri olmasından dolayı, idari ve mali
alanda yeniden yapılanma politikalarının odağında yer almıştır. İdari-mali
yapılanma sürecinde şehrin imarı da önemsenmiştir. Urfa’da bu bağlamda on sekizinci yüzyıl ilk
yarısında görev yapmış olan Yusuf Paşa
ve Rızvan Ahmed Paşa kendi adlarıyla kurmuş oldukları vakıflar üzerinden şehrin
imarına yönelik faaliyetlerde bulunmuşlardır. Bu vakıfların imar
faaliyetlerinde gerek doğrudan kullanım gerekse de iktisadi faaliyetlere
yönelik su kaynaklarına yapılan yatırımlar belirleyici olmuştur. Urfa’da
gerçekleştirilmiş olan su yatırımlarının zaman içinde süreklilik arz edip
etmemesi şehrin iktisadi gelişimini belirleyebilmek bakımından önem arz eden
bir konudur. Tanzimat reformlarına Urfa’da 1850’de geçilmesi sonrasında
kurulmuş olan Evkaf Müdürlüğü faaliyet alanı içinde vakıfların toplu olarak
muhasebe kayıtlarını tutmuştur. Bu durum 18.yüzyıl ilk yarısından bir asır
sonrasına kadar geçen süreçte, Urfa’da imar ve su yatırımlarına bağlı olarak
iktisadi dinamizm veya durağanlık boyutunu belirleyebilme imkânı
sağlamaktadır.
Effect of clay content and distribution on hydraulic and geophysical properties of synthetic sand-clay mixtures
Authors: Osterman Gordon , Sugand Madhuri , Keating Kristina , Binley Andrew , Slater Lee 
Published: March 2019

Geophysical methods show promise for detecting the spatial variability of subsurface clay content and its effect on subsurface hydraulic properties. We have developed a laboratory study that examines the influence of clay content and distribution on the relationships between hydraulic conductivity [Formula: see text] and the physical and geophysical properties of the media. Two geophysical methods are investigated: spectral induced polarization (SIP) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). We used synthetic sediment mixtures of sand and up to 10% kaolinite clay by mass; the clay was homogeneously mixed or was present as large (approximately 5 mm) clusters distributed through the sample. The [Formula: see text] varies moderately well (normalized root-mean-square error [[Formula: see text]rms error] = 0.393) with the pore-volume normalized surface area [Formula: see text] a proxy measure of clay content, in the homogeneous samples and poorly ([Formula: see text]rms error = 0.507) when the clustered samples are included in the fit. The SIP parameters indicate moderately good to excellent fits with [Formula: see text] for homogeneous samples ([Formula: see text]rms error = 0.0783–0.139) and moderately good to good fits for clustered samples ([Formula: see text]rms error = 0.140–0.336), and the coefficients describing the polarizability of the samples depend on the clay distribution. NMR parameters vary moderately well with [Formula: see text] in the homogeneous samples ([Formula: see text]rms error = 0.341–0.412) and poorly ([Formula: see text]rms error = 1.08–6.04) in the clustered samples. The SIP parameters vary moderately well with [Formula: see text] ([Formula: see text]rms error = 0.301–0.466); however, the relationship between the SIP parameters and [Formula: see text] is compromised by the nonnegligible polarization of the clay clusters. NMR parameters indicate good to excellent fits with [Formula: see text] ([Formula: see text]rms error = 0.0789–0.116). For SIP and NMR, fitting homogeneous and clustered samples together does not compromise the fit quality. These results suggest that the geophysical measurements are better predictors of [Formula: see text] in heterogeneous porous media than bulk measures of pore geometry such as [Formula: see text].
Advanced Waterjet Technology for Machining Curved and Layered Structures
Authors: Liu H.-T. (Peter) 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Considerable advancements in waterjet technology take advantage of its inherent merits as a versatile machine tool have been achieved in recent years. Such advancements include, but are not limited to, process automation, machining precision, multimode machining of most materials from macro to micro scales, and cost effectiveness with fast turnaround. In particular, waterjet as a cold cutting tool does not introduce heat-affected zones (HAZ) and preserves the integrity of parent materials. As such, for heat-sensitive materials, its cutting speed is over ten times faster than those of thermal-based tools, such as solid-state lasers, electric discharge machining (EDM), and plasmas cutting. Although waterjet is basically a 2D machined tool, novel multi-axis accessories were developed to enable 3D machining and for machining on workpieces with 3D geometry. For composites, waterjet unlike mechanical routers is capable of minimizing or mitigating tearing and fraying. CNC hard tools that are in direct contact with highly abrasive composite matrix often experience rapid wearing while the heat generated by machining processes induces thermal damage to the composite. This is a nonissue for waterjet as it is a noncontact tool. The only issue for machining composites with waterjet was the damage caused by large stagnating pressure developed inside blind holes during the initial piercing operation (before breakthrough). Considerable effort was made to understand and resolve the waterjet piercing damage issue. For extremely precise parts, waterjet can serve advantageously as a near-net shaping tool; the parts can then be finished by light trimming with proper precision tools. Since the bulk of the material is removed by waterjet, the operating lives of the precision tools can be greatly extended. This paper presents a collection of waterjet-machined samples to demonstrate many benefits by applying waterjet for multimode machining of curved and layered structures.