bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical and psychological characteristics in gastroesophageal reflux disease patients overlapping with laryngopharyngeal reflux symptoms
Authors: Wong Ming‐Wun , Bair Ming‐Jong , Chang Wei‐Chuan , Hsu Ching‐Sheng , Hung Jui‐Sheng , Liu Tso‐Tsai , Yi Chih‐Hsun , Lei Wei‐Yi , Vaezi Michael F , Gyawali C Prakash , Chen Chien‐Lin 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBackground and AimLaryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) defined as reflux of gastric content reaching above the upper esophageal sphincter is frequently found in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). This study aimed to investigate clinical and psychological differences between GERD patients with or without LPR symptoms.MethodsThis study enrolled 303 consecutive patients with proton pump inhibitor treatment‐naïve scheduled for upper endoscopy because of troublesome reflux symptoms and recognized as GERD by non‐dyspepsia reflux disease questionnaire score. Included GERD patients were further categorized into two study groups: with or without LPR by reflux symptoms index score. All participants were also evaluated with questionnaires for depression, anxiety, and sleep disturbances.ResultsThere were 132 (43.6%) GERD patients with LPR symptoms and 171 (56.4%) GERD patients without LPR symptoms. GERD patients with LPR symptoms had more depression (P < 0.001), sleep disturbance (P = 0.002), irritable bowel syndrome (P = 0.008), functional dyspepsia (P = 0.005), and reflux symptoms burden (P < 0.001) than those without LPR symptoms. Erosive esophagitis was more in patients without LPR symptoms (P = 0.03). GERD patients with LPR symptoms (28.8%) had more complex psychological distress than those without LPR symptoms (28.8% vs 14%, P < 0.001). Reflux symptoms burden, sleep disturbance, and erosive esophagitis were independently associated with GERD overlapping with LPR symptoms.ConclusionsGastroesophageal reflux disease patients with LPR symptoms appear to have more reflux symptoms, psychological distress, and functional gastrointestinal disturbance but less erosive esophagitis. This work suggests that therapeutic strategy with tailored multidimensional approach is promising for GERD patients overlapping with LPR symptoms.
ZNF133 is associated with infliximab responsiveness in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases
Authors: Jung Eun Suk , Choi Ko‐woon , Kim Seung Won , Hübenthal Matthias , Mucha Sören , Park Jihye , Park Zewon , Ellinghaus David , Schreiber Stefan , Franke Andre , Oh Woo Yong , Cheon Jae Hee 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBackground and AimInfliximab has been widely prescribed for treating inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, the response rates to infliximab differ among patients. Therefore, we aimed to identify the genetic and clinical markers that predict infliximab response.MethodsA total of 139 Korean patients with IBD who received infliximab were classified according to infliximab response as follows: (i) primary response vs nonresponse and (ii) sustained response vs loss of response. We performed an association study using whole‐exome sequencing data to identify genetic variants associated with infliximab response. Candidate variants were validated in 77 German patients with IBD. Stepwise multivariate logistic regression was performed to identify predictors.ResultsWe found five candidate variants that were associated with primary nonresponse to infliximab (P < 5 × 10−6). Of the five variants, rs2228273 in ZNF133 was validated in German (combined P = 6.49 × 10−7). We also identified the best genetic variant (rs9144, P = 4.60 × 10−6) associated with the loss of infliximab response. In multivariate regression analysis, rs2228273 (P = 2.10 × 10−5), concurrent azathioprine/6‐mercaptopurine use, and bodyweight at the first infliximab use (< 50 kg) were associated with primary nonresponse. In addition, the Crohn's disease activity index at the first infliximab use and rs9144 (P = 0.001) were independently associated with the loss of response in patients with Crohn's disease.ConclusionsWe identified clinical and genetic markers associated with infliximab response in IBD patients. Our findings could provide insights to maximize the efficacy of infliximab therapy in IBD patients.
Neuroprotective effects of an engineered commensal bacterium in the 1‐methyl‐4‐phenyl‐1, 2, 3, 6‐tetrahydropyridine Parkinson disease mouse model via producing glucagon‐like peptide‐1
Authors: Fang Xin , Tian Puyuan , Zhao Xiaoxiao , Jiang Chunling , Chen Tingtao 
Published: March 2019

AbstractWhile glucagon‐like peptide‐1 (GLP‐1) was reported to have a positive impact on Parkinson disease, it is extremely short half‐life greatly hindered its clinical use. In this study, the mouse strain MG1363‐pMG36e‐GLP‐1 was engineered to continuously express GLP‐1 to treat Parkinson disease in a 1‐methyl‐4‐phenyl‐1, 2, 3, 6‐tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)‐treated Parkinson disease model. In our study, oral supplementation with MG1363‐pMG36e‐GLP‐1 significantly (p < 0.05) reduced MPTP‐induced locomotor impairments, increased tyrosine hydroxylase‐positive neurons, suppressed microglia and astrocyte activation, and down‐regulated expression of several inflammation‐related molecules. In addition, MG1363‐pMG36e‐GLP‐1 significantly (p < 0.01) reduced intestinal pathogen Enterobacteriaceae and markedly enhanced the number of probiotic Lactobacillus and Akkermansia. These data suggest that MG1363‐pMG36e‐GLP‐1 could be a novel therapeutic means for Parkinson disease.image
The effect of chemical and biological treatment on root and crown rot disease caused by Phytophthora cryptogea Pethybr. & Lafferty in Gerbera
Authors: Özkan Kahraman Çiğdem , Yıldız Figen 
Published: March 2019

AbstractPhytophthora root and crown rot (Phytophthora cryptogea) on gerbera is difficult to manage because most gerbera cultivars are susceptible to P. cryptogea. This study was conducted in order to determine the in vivo (pot experiment) efficacy of some fungicides and biofungicides. In pot experiments, fungicides were applied 7 days after inoculation with P. cryptogea, while biofungicide was applied 7 days before inoculation. In this study, soil drenches of five fungicides were tested. “Ametoctradin+dimethomorph (100 ml/day),” “mandipropamid+difenoconazole (60 ml/day),” “propamocarb+fosetyl‐Al (200 ml/day),” “mancozeb+metalaxyl‐M (250 g/day)” and “azoxystrobin+difenoconazole (100 ml/day)” active substances were used. Similarly, one biofungicide Bacillus amyloliquefaciens syn. MBI 600 (50 g/100 L) was applied by soil drenching. Efficacy of treatments was assessed according to the percentage of the root system which was visibly rotten at the end of the experiment. Root and crown rot severity was rated on a scale of 0 = 0% root system necrotic, 1 = 1%‐25% necrotic, 2 = 26%‐50% necrotic, 3 = 51%‐75% necrotic and 4 = 76%‐100% necrotic from 12 to 21 days. In this experiment, “azoxystrobin 200 g/L + difenoconazole 125 g/L” exhibited the highest efficacy against P. cryptogea with a ratio of 43.75%. The other fungicides and biofungicides ametoctradin 300 g/L + dimethomorph 225 g/L, mandipropamid 250 g/L + difenoconazole 250 g/L, propamocarb 530 g/L + fosety‐Al 310 g/L, mancozeb 64%+metalaxyl‐M 4% and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens syn. MBI 600 11% were ineffective. Importance should be given to management strategies of P. cryptogea of and more experiments should be carried out for a better understanding of the use of registered fungicides and biofungicides.
Sequential application of bFGF and BMP‐2 facilitates osteogenic differentiation of human periodontal ligament stem cells
Authors: Kang Wenyan , Liang Qianyu , Du Lingqian , Shang Lingling , Wang Ting , Ge Shaohua 
Published: March 2019

Background and ObjectivesBasic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) promotes cells proliferation and chemotaxis and maintains stemness while inhibits mineralized nodule formation. Bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP‐2) shows great potential in promoting bone formation. However, sequential application of these two growth factors on periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) has not been explored. In this study, we aimed to identify the optimal concentration and time of bFGF on PDLSCs proliferation, migration and then investigate the sequential delivery of bFGF and BMP‐2 on osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs in vitro.Materials and MethodsPeriodontal ligament stem cells were isolated by limiting dilution method. Dose‐dependent additive effects of bFGF and BMP‐2 on PDLSCs were detected. Cell counting assay, cell migration assay, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity assay, Alizarin red staining, quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR), and western blot analysis were used to determine different application modalities of bFGF and BMP‐2 on proliferation, migration, and osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs.Results50 ng/mL bFGF significantly promoted PDLSCs proliferation and chemotaxis while time‐dependently inhibited BMP‐2 induced ALP activity. Sequential application of 25 ng/mL bFGF for first 3 days and followed with 50 ng/mL BMP‐2 for another 9, 18, and 25 days significantly promoted PDLSCs osteogenic differentiation. Compared with bFGF and BMP‐2 simultaneous group, sequential application of bFGF and BMP‐2 group significantly enhanced ALP activity, osteogenesis‐related genes and proteins expression and mineral deposition.ConclusionSequential application of bFGF and BMP‐2 synergistically promoted osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs, and this sequential application modality of growth factors would provide a new strategy for periodontal regeneration.
Experimental models to unravel the molecular pathogenesis, cell of origin and stem cell properties of cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Vicent Silvestre , Lieshout Ruby , Saborowski Anna , Verstegen Monique M. A. , Raggi Chiara , Recalcati Stefania , Invernizzi Pietro , van der Laan Luc J. W. , Alvaro Domenico , Calvisi Diego F. , Cardinale Vincenzo 
Published: March 2019

AbstractHuman cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is an aggressive tumour entity arising from the biliary tree, whose molecular pathogenesis remains largely undeciphered. Over the last decade, the advent of high‐throughput and cell‐based techniques has significantly increased our knowledge on the molecular mechanisms underlying this disease while, at the same time, unravelling CCA complexity. In particular, it becomes clear that CCA displays pronounced inter‐ and intratumoural heterogeneity, which is presumably the consequence of the interplay between distinct tissues and cells of origin, the underlying diseases, and the associated molecular alterations. To better characterize these events and to design novel and more effective therapeutic strategies, a number of CCA experimental and preclinical models have been developed and are currently generated. This review summarizes the current knowledge and understanding of these models, critically underlining their translational usefulness and limitations. Furthermore, this review aims to provide a comprehensive overview on cells of origin, cancers stem cells and their dynamic interplay within CCA tissue.
Drift happens: Molecular genetic diversity and differentiation among populations of jewelweed (Impatiens capensis Meerb.) reflect fragmentation of floodplain forests
Authors: Toczydlowski Rachel H. , Waller Donald M. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractLandscape features often shape patterns of gene flow and genetic differentiation in plant species. Populations that are small and isolated enough also become subject to genetic drift. We examined patterns of gene flow and differentiation among 12 floodplain populations of the selfing annual jewelweed (Impatiens capensis Meerb.) nested within four river systems and two major watersheds in Wisconsin, USA. Floodplain forests and marshes provide a model system for assessing the effects of habitat fragmentation within agricultural/urban landscapes and for testing whether rivers act to genetically connect dispersed populations. We generated a panel of 12,856 single nucleotide polymorphisms and assessed genetic diversity, differentiation, gene flow, and drift. Clustering methods revealed strong population genetic structure with limited admixture and highly differentiated populations (mean multilocus FST = 0.32, FST’ = 0.33). No signals of isolation by geographic distance or environment emerged, but alleles may flow along rivers given that genetic differentiation increased with river distance. Differentiation also increased in populations with fewer private alleles (R2 = 0.51) and higher local inbreeding (R2 = 0.22). Populations varied greatly in levels of local inbreeding (FIS = 0.2–0.9) and FIS increased in more isolated populations. These results suggest that genetic drift dominates other forces in structuring these Impatiens populations. In rapidly changing environments, species must migrate or genetically adapt. Habitat fragmentation limits both processes, potentially compromising the ability of species to persist in fragmented landscapes.
Nonproteinaceous effectors: the terra incognita of plant–fungal interactions
Authors: Collemare Jérôme , O'Connell Richard , Lebrun Marc‐Henri 
Published: March 2019

SummaryMolecular plant–fungal interaction studies have mainly focused on small secreted protein effectors. However, accumulating evidence shows that numerous fungal secondary metabolites are produced at all stages of plant colonization, especially during early asymptomatic/biotrophic phases. The discovery of fungal small RNAs targeting plant transcripts has expanded the fungal repertoire of nonproteinaceous effectors even further. The challenge now is to develop specific functional methods to fully understand the biological roles of these effectors. Studies on fungal extracellular vesicles are also needed because they could be the universal carriers of all kinds of fungal effectors. With this review, we aim to stimulate the nonproteinaceous effector research field to move from descriptive to functional studies, which should bring a paradigm shift in plant–fungal interactions.
Achieving dialysis safety: The critical role of higher‐functioning teams
Authors: Wong Leslie P. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe potential for harm from errors and adverse events in dialysis is significant. Achieving a culture of safety in dialysis to reduce the potential harm to patients has been challenging. Recently, improving dialysis safety has been highlighted by Nephrologists Transforming Dialysis Safety (NTDS), a national initiative to eliminate dialysis infections. Other aspects of dialysis safety are important, though less measurable. Approaching dialysis safety from a systematic thinking view helps us to understand the need for leadership and high‐functioning teams to deliver safe, reliable care in dialysis facilities. Resilience in healthcare is embodied by strong teamwork—interdependent professionals working together with clarity of goals and communication. This paper reframes the role of dialysis facility medical directors as leaders of these high‐functioning teams. Alignment between nephrologists and dialysis management is necessary for these teams to function. This will require nephrologists to embrace their leadership roles as medical directors and for dialysis facility management to provide adequate operational support. The accountability for dialysis safety is shared between the nephrologists and dialysis organizations; coleadership is required for safety culture and high‐functioning dialysis teams to develop.
Mud‐rich delta‐scale compound clinoforms in the Triassic shelf of northern Pangea (Havert Formation, south‐western Barents Sea)
Authors: Rossi Valentina Marzia , Paterson Niall William , Helland‐Hansen William , Klausen Tore Grane , Eide Christian Haug 
Published: March 2019

AbstractIn recent years it has become clear that many shallow‐marine heterolithic and mudstone‐dominated successions are deposited as mud belts forming part of subaqueous deltas that are related to major fluvial sources either upstream or along shore. Here the Havert Formation is presented as an ancient example of this kind of system. The Havert Formation in the south‐western Barents Sea represents shelf margin clinoforms consisting predominantly of heterolithic deposits. Sediments were mainly derived from the east (Ural Mountains), but a smaller system prograded northward from Fennoscandia. The Havert Formation holds a lot of interest due to: (i) its stratigraphic position, directly above the Permo–Triassic boundary and contemporaneous to the emplacement of the Siberian Traps; (ii) the fact that it represents the first siliciclastic input in the south‐western Barents Sea and it shows interaction between Uralian‐derived and Fennoscandian‐derived sediments; and (iii) its hydrocarbon potential. This study is focused on a detailed sedimentological analysis of cored intervals of the (Ural‐derived) Havert Formation, in combination with seismic interpretation, well‐log correlations and palynological analysis of the Havert and overlying Klappmyss formations. The cored intervals belong to the shelf environment of the Havert shelf‐margin clinoforms (300 to 500 m thick). This sedimentological analysis distinguishes six facies associations, spanning from tidally‐influenced channels at the shoreline to mud‐rich subaqueous platform and foresets of the subaqueous delta. Seismic lines and well‐log correlations show the larger‐scale evolution of the Ural‐derived Havert Formation, characterized by episodes of low‐accommodation and high‐accommodation. The palynological analyses provide the first detailed study of the Havert Formation in the Nordkapp Basin, revising its depositional age in the region as Induan to early Olenekian (Smithian). Furthermore, they strengthen the environmental interpretation; palynofacies present on the shelf record flora of tidally‐influenced coastal plains, whereas the palynofacies in the deep‐water slope contain only amorphous organic matter.
Host‐parasite life‐histories of the diurnalvs. nocturnal chronotypes ofSchistosoma mansoni: adaptive significance
Authors: Mouahid Gabriel , Mintsa Nguema Rodrigue , Al Mashikhi Khalid M. , Al Yafae Salem A. , Idris Mohamed A. , Moné Hélène 
Published: March 2019

AbstractObjectivesTo optimise host‐to‐host transmission, digenean trematodes (parasites) synchronise their cercarial emission patterns with the aquatic activities of their vertebrate hosts.Schistosoma mansonihas two different circadian chronotypes: a diurnal shedding pattern with a mean peak occurring at 11:00 h, and a nocturnal shedding pattern with a mean peak occurring at 20:00 h. We analysed the life‐history variations between these two chronotypes at the levels of the parasite and its hosts.MethodsFor each chronotype, we quantified three life‐history traits related to the parasite (prepatent period, infection rate and cercarial production) and analysed the morphometry and the morphology of the parasite eggs; we also quantified three life‐history traits related to the snail intermediate host (shell diameter, fecundity and survival rate) and one life‐history trait related to the experimental definitive host (survival rate). A phylogeny based on the mitochondrial cytochrome‐oxidase gene was made on samples of both chronotypes.ResultsLife‐history analysis revealed significant variations between the two chronotypes. Life‐history traits were optimal for both the parasite and the snail host for the diurnal chronotype compared to the nocturnal one. The new chronotype behaved like an allopatric population towards its snail host. Phylogenetic analysis supports the hypothesis of a lateral transfer ofS. mansonifrom humans toRattus rattus. These results were interpreted in terms of an ongoing sympatric speciation.ConclusionThe nocturnal chronotype ofS. mansonishowed non‐adapted life‐history traits in its relation with the snail intermediate hostBiomphalaria pfeifferi. The emergence of this new phenotype is probably linked to divergent natural selection.
TsHD1 and TsNAC1 cooperatively play roles in plant growth and abiotic stress resistance of Thellungiella halophile
Authors: Liu Can , Ma Haizhen , Zhou Jie , Li Zhaoxia , Peng Zhenghua , Guo Fei , Zhang Juren 
Published: March 2019

SummaryT. HALOPHILA HOMEOBOX PROTEIN 1(TsHD1) cloned from the halophyte Thellungiella halophila is a homeodomain (HD) transcription factor gene and functions as a collaborator of TsNAC1. TsHD1 can form heterodimers with TsNAC1 via the interaction between its zinc finger (ZF) domain and the A subdomain of TsNAC1. The overexpression of TsHD1 improved the heat stress resistance of T. halophila and retarded its vegetative growth slightly. The co‐overexpression of TsHD1 and TsNAC1 highly improved heat and drought stress resistance by increasing the accumulation of heat shock proteins and enhancing the expression levels of drought stress response genes, such as MYB DOMAIN PROTEIN 77 and MYB DOMAIN PROTEIN 96 (MYB77and MYB96) and SALT TOLERANCE ZINC FINGER 10 and SALT TOLERANCE ZINC FINGER 18 (ZAT10 and ZAT18), but seriously retarded the vegetative growth of T. halophila by restraining cell expansion. The heterodimer of TsHD1 and TsNAC1 has higher transcriptional activation activity and higher stability compared with the homodimer of TsHD1 or TsNAC1. The binding sites of the TsHD1 and TsNAC1 heterodimers were found to exist in the promoters of most upregulated genes in Cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter (P35S)::TsHD1 and P35S::TsNAC1 transgene lines compared with the wild type using RNA‐seq and genomic data analyses. Moreover, the binding sites in the promoter region of the most downregulated genes were located in the vicinity of the TATA‐box. This study reveals that TsNAC1 and TsHD1 play roles in plant growth and abiotic stress resistance synergistically, and the effects depend on the heterodimer binding to the specific target sites in the promoter region.
Acute Effects of Interrupting Prolonged Sitting With Intermittent Physical Activity on Blood Pressure in Preadolescent Children
Authors: Weston Emma , Nagy Matthew , Ajibewa Tiwaloluwa A. , O’Sullivan Molly , Block Shannon , Hasson Rebecca E. 
Published: March 2019

Purpose: To compare the acute effects of intermittent physical activity (PA) across 4 different intensities on blood pressure. Methods: Thirty children (12 males and 18 females; aged 7–11 y; 33% overweight/obese; 53% nonwhite) completed 4 experimental conditions in random order: 8 hours sitting interrupted with 20, 2-minute low-, moderate-, high-intensity PA breaks, or sedentary screen-time breaks. PA intensity corresponded with 25%, 50%, and 75% of heart rate reserve. Blood pressure was measured during each condition in the morning (0800 h), noon (1200 h), and afternoon (1600 h). Results: There were no significant differences across conditions for systolic blood pressure (SBP; all Ps > .05). There was a significant effect of time with SBP decreasing throughout the day for all conditions (average morning SBP: 106 [1] mm Hg, average noon SBP: 101 [2] mm Hg, average afternoon SBP: 103 [1] mm Hg; P = .01). There were no significant effects of condition or time on diastolic blood pressure (all Ps > .05). Conclusion: While sedentary behavior is known to be associated with hypertension in both adults and children, a single bout of prolonged sitting may be insufficient to produce hypertensive effects in otherwise healthy children. Future research should examine the appropriate dose of intermittent PA to accrue hypotensive responses in preadolescent children.