bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optical constants of TiN, amorphous SiO2, and SiN in the extreme ultraviolet range
Authors: Saadeh Qais , Philipsen Vicky , Meersschaut Johan , Channam Venkat Sunil Kumar , Kantre Karim-Alexandros , Sokolov Andrey , Kupper Bettina , Wiesner Thomas , Ocaña García Danilo , Salami Zanyar , Buchholz Christian , Scholze Frank , Soltwisch Victor 
Published: November 2024

Using reflectometry, we studied the optical constants of TiN and amorphous SiO2 thin films in the spectral range 5–24 nm (ca. 250 eV–ca. 52 eV), and for SiN in the spectral range 5–33 nm (ca. 250 eV–ca. 37 eV). The films’ elemental concentration depth profiles were measured using elastic recoil detection analysis (ERDA). The reflectance was measured using monochromatized synchrotron radiation. For the analysis of reflectivity data, Markov chain Monte-Carlo (MCMC)-based Bayesian inferences Bayesian inferences were used to obtain the optical constants and their model uncertainties. For SiO2 and SiN, dispersion profiles were sampled with sub-Ångström resolution in certain intervals around the Si-L1 and Si-L2,3 transitions. The obtained optical constants are compared with literature values and with estimations based on the independent atom approximation (IAA).
Circulating extracellular vesicles in sera of chronic patients as a method for determining active parasitism in Chagas disease
Authors: Lozano Noelia , Prescilla-Ledezma Alexa , Calabuig Eva , Trelis Maria , Arce José Miguel Sahuquillo , López Hontangas José Luis , de Pablos Luis Miguel , Gomez-Samblas Mercedes , Osuna Antonio 
Published: November 2024

Background
Chagas disease, once restricted mainly to the Americas, Chagas disease has become a global health problem due to migration from endemic to non-endemic areas. In non-endemic regions, transmission is limited to vertical transmission from infected mothers to newborns or through blood and organ donations. A major challenge in the management of the disease lies in the diagnosis of chronic cases, as blood-borne parasites are often absent and antibodies persist for life, complicating the evaluation of treatment.

Methodology and main findings
This study investigates whether detection of circulating extracellular vesicles (EVs) or their immunocomplexes with host IgGs in the serum of chronic patients with Chagas disease could serve as diagnostic tools and biomarkers of the active presence of the parasite. This method may prove valuable in cases where parasitaemia and other diagnostic tests are inconclusive, especially for assessing treatment efficacy and confirming mother-to-child transmission. Together with exovesicle purification by ultracentrifugation, which is the ‘gold standard’, an affordable and simplified method for the isolation of EVs or immunocomplexes was tested for use in less well-equipped diagnostic laboratories.
EV detection was performed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) targeting Trypanosoma cruzi antigens. Positive results were demonstrated in Bolivian patients in Spain, covering asymptomatic and symptomatic cases (cardiac, gastrointestinal or both). The study also examined infected mothers and their newborns. These findings were further confirmed in Panamanian patients with inconclusive diagnostic results.
Moreover, host IgG isotypes that formed immunocomplexes with parasite exovsicles were identified, with IgG2 and IgG4 being predominant.

Conclusions
Our results confirm the usefulness of circulating EVs and their immunocomplexes as markers of metabolically active T. cruzi in chronic infections without detectable parasitaemia, as well as their efficacy in confirming vertical transmission and in cases of inconclusive diagnostic tests.
Time from treatment initiation to HIV viral suppression in public care facilities in Brazil: A nationwide linked databases cohort
Authors: Nemes Maria Ines Battistella , Sayuri Sato Ana Paula , Reis-Santos Barbara , Maroso Alves Ana , Parra do Nascimento Felipe , Agins Bruce 
Published: November 2024

Objectives
To analyze the time between antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation and the first HIV viral load (VL) test <40 copies—time to suppression (TS)—in a cohort of persons aged ≥15 years, between 2015–2018 in outpatient HIV care facilities of the Brazilian Unified Health System, as well as to analyze whether individual and facility characteristics accelerate or delay TS.

Methods
This was a cohort study with data from a linkage of national HIV databases, following a previously published procedure. Two types of variables were examined: individual-level (sex, age group, race/skin color, education, baseline CD4 cell count and VL, initial ART regimen, adherence, ART regimen change and number of VL tests until suppression) and facility-level (national and metropolitan region, caseload). Multilevel parametric accelerated failure time survival models were used. Fixed and random effects were analyzed through null, sociodemographic, combined sociodemographic and clinical, and facility-related variables, adjusted for the number of VL tests until suppression. Likelihood, interquartile range, and proportion of change in variance were used for comparisons.

Results
Of 132,540 participants, 89.4% (114,696) achieved viral suppression: 20.8% within three months, and 56.4% within six months. Median TS was 161 days, varying from 31 to 1,426 days, depending on the time interval between initiation and VL testing. Among those who had VL testing within 66 days, median TS was 55 days. All individual and facility-related variables were associated with TS, explaining the 16.2% and 13.2% variability, respectively.

Conclusions
This was the first Brazilian nationwide cohort to analyze TS. It is also one of the largest operational cohorts globally to assess healthcare facility characteristics. The findings indicated that both individual and facility-related characteristics contribute to TS. Strengthening VL monitoring should be included as part of a coordinated effort to improve the quality of care provided for people living with HIV/AIDS in Brazil.
Data-driven insights into neighborhood adherence to cancer prevention guidelines in Philadelphia
Authors: DuBois Tesla D. , Moore Kari , Rollins Heather , Silbaugh John , Sorice Kristen A. , Lynch Shannon M. 
Published: November 2024

Background
Forty percent of new cancer cases in the United States are attributed to modifiable risks, which can be influenced by the built environment. Recent cancer prevention guidelines include recommendations for making communities conducive to healthy living. Focused on the city of Philadelphia, the present study aims to 1) evaluate neighborhood-level adherence to cancer prevention guidelines by developing two novel indices and 2) identify factors driving low compliance in neighborhoods with high cancer mortality.

Methods
Philadelphia neighborhoods were compared to the city overall on ten cancer prevention recommendations. Comparison scores informed two indices: one focused on the American Cancer Society’s guidelines for Physical Activity, Nutrition, and Smoking, and the other focused on Healthy People 2030’s guidelines for Prevention Services. Indices were mapped by neighborhood and compared to cancer mortality. Where low adherence overlapped with high cancer mortality, the recommendations driving low compliance were identified.

Results
Distinct geospatial patterns were observed in adherence to guidelines, and while drivers of low adherence varied by neighborhood, general trends emerged in different areas of the city. Concerning Physical Activity, Nutrition, and Smoking Guideline adherence, some areas appeared to be more influenced by the built environment, while others were impacted by specific behavioral risk factors such as excessive alcohol consumption. Preventive Service recommendation adherence was driven in some parts by self-reported poor health and, in others, low cancer screening rates and a high physician-to-resident ratio. In neighborhoods where poor guideline adherence overlapped with high cancer mortality, the built environment emerged as a potentially important factor.

Discussion
This study considers the importance of the built environment in influencing adherence to cancer prevention guidelines. Policymakers and public health officials can use this information to prioritize interventions for neighborhoods with low guideline adherence and high cancer burden and tailor interventions to focus on indicators of low guideline adherence.
The impact of neighborhood deprivation on mental health and quality of life in children and adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic: Findings from the COPSY Hamburg study
Authors: Li Lydia Yao , Napp Ann-Kathrin , Adedeji Adekunle , Erhart Michael , Kaman Anne , Boecker Maren , Kloster Tanja , Krefis Anne Caroline , Reiß Franziska , Ravens-Sieberer Ulrike 
Published: November 2024

Introduction
Socioeconomic inequalities have been associated with poorer mental health outcomes in children and adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite numerous studies on individual risk factors, the impact of societal environment, such as neighborhood characteristics, on changes in mental health has rarely been investigated. This study investigates the effect of neighborhood deprivation on mental health problems and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in children and adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic in Hamburg, Germany.

Methods
Data were derived from the prospective German COPSY Hamburg study. Children and adolescents aged between 11–20 years and their parents participated in the study, which took place in summer 2020 (T1) and summer 2022 (T2). Neighborhood deprivation was assessed by a neighborhood status index. Mental health problems and HRQoL were assessed using internationally validated and established instruments. The prevalence of mental health problems and impaired HRQoL was reported. Analysis of covariance was conducted to examine the effect of neighborhood deprivation of the districts in Hamburg on the (changes in) mental health problems and HRQoL while controlling for social individual-level indicators.

Results
The total sample included in the statistical analysis consisted of N = 2,645 families. Children and adolescents living in more deprived areas had higher levels of general mental health problems and depressive symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, differences in neighborhood deprivation did not relate to the HRQoL and the averaged changes in children and adolescents’ mental health problems and HRQoL from summer 2020 to summer 2022.

Discussion
Neighborhood deprivation is associated with impaired mental health in youth during the COVID-19 pandemic. Children and adolescents’ mental health and overall well-being should be addressed by health promotion measures to create a health-promoting living environment, including diverse neighborhoods. Future research should focus on uniform assessment methods and addressing additional neighborhood factors.
Dynamic Presentations of Recurrent Post-Transplant Lymphoproliferative Disorder in a Heart Transplant Recipient: A Rare Case Study
Authors: Toiv Avi , Harris Kevin B. , Khan Muhammad Zarrar , Theisen Brian K. , Varma Adarsh , Fain Christopher , Kaur Nirmal 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT
Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders (PTLD) are complications that arise from post-transplantation immunosuppressive therapy. Although Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) viremia is often seen in PTLD, it is not a definitive feature for diagnosis. We report a rare case of recurrent PTLD in a 26-year-old heart transplant recipient on high-dose tacrolimus who presented with emesis, fatigue, and bloody diarrhea. Although substantial EBV viremia was seen in the first PTLD episode, the current episode was a gastrointestinal manifestation with barely detectable circulating EBV. The patient's history of gastrointestinal disease delayed definitive diagnosis, which was later established through endoscopy and biopsy sample analysis.
Air pollutants as modulators of mitochondrial quality control in cardiovascular disease
Authors: Neikirk Kit , Harris Chanel , Le Han , Oliver Ashton , Shao Bryanna , Liu Kaihua , Beasley Heather K. , Jamison Sydney , Ishimwe Jeanne A. , Kirabo Annet , Hinton Antentor 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIt is important to understand the effects of environmental factors such as air pollution on mitochondrial structure and function, especially when these changes increase cardiovascular disease risk. Although lifestyle choices directly determine many mitochondrial diseases, increasingly, it is becoming clear that the structure and function of mitochondria may be affected by pollutants found in the atmosphere (e.g., gases, pesticides herbicide aerosols, or microparticles). To date, the role of such agents on mitochondria and the potential impact on cardiovascular fitness is neglected. Here we offer a review of airborne stressors and pollutants, that may contribute to impairments in mitochondrial function and structure to cause heart disease.
Spatial reality in education – approaches from innovation experiences in Singapore
Authors: Han Jia Yi , Fung Fun Man 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The integration of Spatial Reality technologies in educational settings has gained momentum as a powerful instrument for teaching and learning. While research has consistently shown the significant potential of these technologies in enhancing students’ knowledge acquisition and retention, a phenomenon termed “VR teaching anxiety” persists among many educators, leading to hesitancy in adopting Spatial Reality into their teaching practices. In this paper, the authors shed light on the specific concerns related to VR teaching anxiety reported by educators. To mitigate these anxieties, the authors recount their firsthand experiences with employing Spatial Reality technologies in chemistry education at a higher education institution in Singapore. Additionally, they offer a suite of recommended practices gleaned from their journey, aiming to empower educators to confidently integrate these innovative tools into their curricula.
Soundscape and Sense of Presence in the VR Experience of Madame Pirate: Becoming a Legend
Authors: Marianini Désirée 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This article proposes a phenomenological and critical analysis of the film, Madame Pirate: Becoming a Legend, written and directed by Morgan Ommer and Huang Dan-Chi (Taiwan: Serendipity Films 綺影映畫, 2022, VR360, 17 min), with the goal of encouraging more comparative analyses of narrative paradigms expressed through virtual reality. Particular attention will be paid to the sound aspect in Madame Pirate, which is foundational in establishing a sense of presence for the viewer. Following a discussion of theoretical framing for virtual reality production, the author presents an experiential report of her experience of Madame Pirate, focusing on how sound influences the sense of presence, directs the viewer’s gaze, and steers the narrative.
Tracing the Shape of Despair: Video Game Aesthetics and Actor-Network Theory in An Elephant Sitting Still
Authors: Wu Xiaochu 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
By positioning the camera as a central non-human actant, this study invites a comparison between the cinematic space in An Elephant Sitting Still and game space in video games. It argues that the video game experience and research on game world-building provides a novel perspective to re-examine the conventional relationship between spectators and characters in films as resembling the interactivity between players and avatars in video games. This study shows how the film’s use of depth of field isolates its human protagonists from the antagonists, and then how the camera’s movement, namely close tracking shots, alters both the portrayal of antagonists and, more crucially, reshapes the protagonists into “figureless avatars.” Ultimately, the article explores the potential for convergence between film and video game aesthetics, proposing an alternate video game ideology to allow an expanded theoretical framework that transcends the social realism often applied in Chinese film studies.
Transient thermal analysis for optimal armor material in upgraded mockup for PST using MOOSE Framework
Authors: Rahman Habib Ur , Ilyas Muhammad , Khan Shahab Ud-Din , Ahmed Manzoor , Abdullah Muhammad , Hussain Ali 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The divertor mockup design for the Pakistan Spherical Tokamak (PST) needs several improvements. These include reducing the total number of upper and lower divertors to 32 and enhancing the heat load capacity to 1 MW/m2. This study involves a thermal analysis of the upgraded divertor design for PST through simulation using MOOSE Framework. The simulation involves two steps – validation and thermal analysis. Validation is achieved by modeling 1D and 2D conduction problems in MOOSE Framework and comparing the results with the analytical solutions. The thermal analysis of a mockup of the upgraded PST divertor configurations with tungsten and graphite as armor materials under peak thermal heat load conditions of 1 MW/m2 is performed. The results of the transient thermal analysis reveal that the mockup surface temperature rise for tungsten remains lower than that for graphite. The findings of the study indicate that both tungsten and graphite mockups can sustain a specific heat flux of 1 MW/m2 for up to 3 s. However, even being a good conductor of heat, tungsten’s high atomic number (Z) poses challenges in plasma stability. On the other hand, graphite when paired with an efficient cooling system for controlling surface temperature rise is a superior armor material due to its affordability, ease of availability, and better compatibility with plasma environments. It is recommended as the preferred armor material for the upgraded divertor mockup in the PST system.
Calculation and application research on real-time source term diffusion in NPP auxiliary building under accident circumstances
Authors: Xie Mingliang , Chen Yuqing , Yu Lei , Wei Wei , Hou Xueyan , Xie Zhenquan , Wang Xuan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In the light of radioactive material leakage (due to containment bypass or failure) to the auxiliary building and its service compartments under severe accident circumstances, key techniques related to accident source terms in the nuclear emergency building were researched. During the research, the source-term diffusion and migration patterns were simulated in the building compartments, including the simulation of the gradual diffusion and decay process (driven by circulating air) of fission-derived gases and aerosol toward each compartment. Besides that, by taking a M310 unit at Fangjiashan NPP as the application object, the scenarios of initial accidents of LB/MB/SB-LOCA, MSLB and SGTR were chosen to establish a real-time diffusion calculation model for in-building radioactive source terms under nuclear accident circumstances. While considering the circumstances before and after being intervened by accident mitigation measures, the concentration distribution of radionuclides in the auxiliary building and personnel total-exposure radiation dose rate were quickly assessed online, and a basis was provided for the visualization of radiation dosage and the assessment of received radiation dosage and injury & death hazards during personnel activities outside the main control room.
Study of reliability prediction method and uncertainty analysis of the pump and valve of a floating nuclear power plant
Authors: Yin Changzheng , Li Haiying , Xie Xiwen , Peng Changhong 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The floating nuclear power plant (FNPP) is a new type of reactor. Due to the unique marine environment, the reliability of its equipment differs significantly from that of land-based power plants, making conventional nuclear power plant databases unsuitable for direct application to FNPPs. Consequently, recognizing the need for reliability data specific to FNPP equipment, this paper proposes a framework for predicting reliability and analyzing associated uncertainties. This framework employs the parts count method and the parts stress method, as outlined in reliability prediction handbooks, to predict reliability based on different equipment categories. This paper studies the reliability of two typical types of equipment in nuclear power plants: valves and main coolant pumps. First, the reliability data for these two equipment types in land-based environments are calculated and compared with data from conventional nuclear power plant databases to validate the accuracy of the calculation results. Next, the reliability of the equipment is estimated for a marine environment, and the uncertainty distribution of these estimates is presented. The results indicate that the proposed framework effectively predicts the failure data for valves and main coolant pumps in FNPPs operating in marine conditions, serving as a reference for future reliability predictions of additional equipment.
Glancing back, looking forward: the Swedish Academy Dictionary completed after 130 years – now time for revision
Authors: Nilsson Pär 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The first part of the first volume of the Swedish Academy Dictionary (SAOB) was published in 1893 and the last volume was finished in 2023. Thus Sweden’s most extensive lexicographical project was completed after more than 130 years of work. But the completion is not the end of the dictionary project. Since 2024 a revision project is launched. In this paper the history of the dictionary project is outlined and the revision project is described in more detail, with a focus on controversial words and descriptions and the gender classification of nouns.
Aligning grammatical information in linguistic resources published by the same authority. The case of participles in Swedish Academy dictionaries and grammar
Authors: Blensenius Kristian 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This article discusses strategies involved in aligning word classes (parts of speech), particularly participles, in two dictionaries and one grammar for Swedish, all issued by the same publishing house, which at the same time is a language authority in Sweden. The dictionaries are Svenska Akademiens ordlista (‘The Swedish Academy glossary’), abbreviated as SAOL, and Svensk ordbok utgiven av Svenska Akademien (‘The Contemporary Dictionary of the Swedish Academy’), abbreviated as SO. The grammar in question is Svenska Akademiens grammatik (‘The Swedish Academy grammar’), abbreviated as SAG. I will discuss whether it is possible or desirable to harmonize word classes in dictionaries and grammars from the same publisher, in this case from the Swedish Academy.
Ten good reasons to build the Norwegian ConstructiCon, a dictionary of grammar
Authors: Endresen Anna , Mikkelsen Olaf 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
ConstructiCons are innovative digital dictionary-like resources that aim to represent large inventories of prominent linguistic patterns called grammatical constructions. Building constructiCon resources is a rapidly advancing emergent field of research that combines the practices of applied language description (lexicography) and theoretical insights of Construction Grammar (a subfield of Cognitive Linguistics). Constructions comprise both grammatical and lexical information and often contain elements that belong to different “levels” of language organization: morphology, syntax, semantics, prosody, etc. Inspired by advances of comparable resources developed for other languages, we propose that a thorough repository of multi-word semi-general constructions should be built for Norwegian and discuss ten crucial benefits of this endeavor. Many of our arguments are applicable to any language that lacks a constructiCon resource and can be of interest for a broader readership.