bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Touch DNA: impact of handling time on touch deposit and evaluation of different recovery techniques: An experimental study
Authors: Sessa Francesco , Salerno Monica , Bertozzi Giuseppe , Messina Giovanni , Ricci Pietrantonio , Ledda Caterina , Rapisarda Venerando , Cantatore Santina , Turillazzi Emanuela , Pomara Cristoforo 
Published: July 2019

Abstract“Touch DNA” is DNA obtained from biological material transferred from a donor to an object or a person during physical contact. This particular kind of evidence could play an essential role in forensic laboratory work and is considered an important tool for investigators. Even though the principal aspects of “Touch DNA” have been extensively studied, to date, there are few reports in the research field of DNA retrieval from garments that have been worn. This study aimed to investigate the “handling time”, analyzing particularly the minimum contact time required to deposit a sufficient amount of DNA on a garment to produce an interpretable profile of the “handler”. Moreover, three different sampling techniques were compared (“dry swab”, “cutting out”, and “adhesive tape”) with the aim of defining the technique that guarantees the best recovery of the three methods tested. Analyzing the data of this experimental model, a “handling time” of two seconds is enough to release sufficient DNA on to a garment to obtain a complete profile. Moreover, this study demonstrated that when targeting for foreign DNA, the sample area should be narrowed down as much as possible to the smallest area possible to maximize target DNA recovery.
Lactate from astrocytes fuels learning-induced mRNA translation in excitatory and inhibitory neurons
Authors: Descalzi Giannina , Gao Virginia , Steinman Michael Q. , Suzuki Akinobu , Alberini Cristina M. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractGlycogenolysis and lactate transport from astrocytes to neurons is required for long-term memory formation, but the role of this lactate is poorly understood. Here we show that the Krebs cycle substrates pyruvate and ketone body B3HB can functionally replace lactate in rescuing memory impairment caused by inhibition of glycogenolysis or expression knockdown of glia monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs) 1 and 4 in the dorsal hippocampus of rats. In contrast, either metabolite is unable to rescue memory impairment produced by expression knockdown of MCT2, which is selectively expressed by neurons, indicating that a critical role of astrocytic lactate is to provide energy for neuronal responses required for long-term memory. These responses include learning-induced mRNA translation in both excitatory and inhibitory neurons, as well as expression of Arc/Arg3.1. Thus, astrocytic lactate acts as an energy substrate to fuel learning-induced de novo neuronal translation critical for long-term memory.
Classical analogy of a cat state using vortex light
Authors: Liu Shi-Long , Zhou Qiang , Liu Shi-Kai , Li Yan , Li Yin-Hai , Zhou Zhi-Yuan , Guo Guang-Can , Shi Bao-Sen 
Published: July 2019

AbstractCat states are systems in a superposition of macroscopically distinguishable states; this superposition can be of either classically or quantum distinct states, regardless of the number of particles or modes involved. Here, we constructed an experimental model that simulates an optical cat state by engineering the classical orbital angular momentum of light, referred to here as an analogous cat state (a-CS). In our scheme, the behaviors of the a-CS in position space show many similarities to the quantum version of the optical cat state in phase space, for example, movement, rotation, and interference. Experimentally, the a-CS, which has two spatially localized Gaussian intensity lobes, can be evolved from “kitten” to “cat” by engineering the acquired phase hologram. Additionally, we simulated the “decoherence” of the a-CS influenced by atmospheric turbulence. The a-CS provides a reliable tool for visualizing and studying the behaviors of quantum cat states in phase space.
Collagen-binding proteins: insights from the Collagen Toolkits
Authors: Farndale Richard W. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The Collagen Toolkits are libraries of 56 and 57 triple-helical synthetic peptides spanning the length of the collagen II and collagen III helices. These have been used in solid-phase binding assays to locate sites where collagen receptors and extracellular matrix components bind to collagens. Truncation and substitution allowed exact binding sites to be identified, and corresponding minimal peptides to be synthesised for use in structural and functional studies. 170 sites where over 30 proteins bind to collagen II have been mapped, providing firm conclusions about the amino acid distribution within such binding sites. Protein binding to collagen II is not random, but displays a periodicity of approximately 28 nm, with several prominent nodes where multiple proteins bind. Notably, the vicinity of the collagenase-cleavage site in Toolkit peptide II-44 is highly promiscuous, binding over 20 different proteins. This may reflect either the diverse chemistry of that locus or its diverse function, together with the interplay between regulatory binding partners. Peptides derived from Toolkit studies have been used to determine atomic level resolution of interactions between collagen and several of its binding partners and are finding practical application in tissue engineering.
Patientenzufriedenheit nach Implantation von Multifokallinsen verschiedener Generationen – ein 10-Jahres-Follow-up
Authors: Petzold Alexander , Wilke Claudia , Renner Katja , Kunert Kathleen 
Published: July 2019

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Im Rahmen einer retrospektiven Studie wurde die postoperative Patientenzufriedenheit nach bilateraler Implantation von nicht torischen Multifokallinsen verschiedener Generationen über einen OP-Zeitraum von 2006 bis 2017 ausgewertet.
Patienten/Methoden 245 Patienten im Alter von 45 bis 95 Jahren wurden in diese Studie eingeschlossen. Mithilfe des Heidelberger DATE-Fragebogens (DATE: Daily Tasks Evaluation) wurde die Patientenzufriedenheit, insbesondere die Fragestellung zur Ausübung alltäglicher Arbeiten und der Wahrnehmung optischer Phänomene, erhoben. Alle Kriterien des Fragebogens wurden in Hinblick auf den OP-Zeitpunkt, Patientenalter, Geschlecht sowie das Modell der implantierten Intraokularlinse auf nachweisbare Unterschiede überprüft. Für die statistische Auswertung wurde SPSS 23.0 verwendet.
Ergebnisse Zum Zeitpunkt der Befragung waren 97,1% der Patienten ganz oder teilweise zufrieden mit dem Ergebnis der Operation. 95,9% der Patienten konnten ihren alltäglichen Tätigkeiten problemlos nachgehen. 34,6% gaben an, bei sehr hohen Sehanforderungen eine Brille zu tragen. Die statistische Auswertung ergab, dass die Patienten mit zunehmendem Alter häufiger eine Nah- oder Fernbrille verwendeten (p < 0,01). Frauen nutzten beim nächtlichen Autofahren öfter eine Brille als Männer und fühlten sich zudem von Blendungserscheinungen deutlicher gestört (p < 0,03). Ebenso nahmen jüngere Patienten Halos drastischer wahr als ältere (p < 0,01). Patienten mit bifokalen Intraokularlinsen verwendeten deutlich häufiger eine Brille im Intermediärbereich als Patienten mit Trifokallinsen (p < 0,01).
Schlussfolgerung Die Langzeitbeobachtung hat ergeben, dass die Mehrheit der Patienten zum Zeitpunkt der Befragung unabhängig von der Nutzung einer Brille oder von Kontaktlinsen war. Optisch bedingte Halos und Blendungserscheinungen werden häufig beschrieben und machen eine umfassende präoperative Aufklärung erforderlich. Hier scheint der Aufklärungsbedarf bei jüngeren, weiblichen Patienten besonders hoch zu sein. Der Heidelberger DATE-Fragebogen ist zur Erhebung der postoperativen Zufriedenheit nach Implantation von multifokalen Intraokularlinsen geeignet.
Reflexstudien – Hirnstammreflexe
Authors: Dohrn Maike F. , Urban Peter P. , Dafotakis Manuel 
Published: July 2019

ZusammenfassungDie elektrophysiologische Untersuchung von Hirnstammreflexen ist eine funktionelle Methode, die Rückschlüsse auf Läsionen in unterschiedlichen Bereichen des Hirnstamms und beteiligter Hirnnerven ermöglicht. Wie relevant ist diese Diagnostik im Zeitalter der MR-Bildgebung noch im klinischen Alltag? Der Artikel befasst sich mit der Durchführung, den anatomischen Hintergründen und den daraus entstehenden Rückschlussmöglichkeiten verschiedener Läsionslokalisationen für den Blinkreflex, Masseterreflex und Kieferöffnungsreflex. Zudem wird der heutige Stellenwert sowie die diagnostische Bedeutung diskutiert.
Adherence, Attitudes and Beliefs of Growth Hormone Deficient Patients – A Questionnaire-based Cohort Study
Authors: Amereller Felix , Schilbach Katharina , Schopohl Jochen , Störmann Sylvère 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Introduction GHD is a chronic and systemic disease requiring daily replacement of growth hormone (GHRT). Adherence and attitudes of adult GHD patients are not well known. We sought to assess patients’ knowledge of growth hormone deficiency (GHD) in association with treatment adherence and attitudes regarding available and upcoming treatment options.
Methods We performed a cross-sectional survey with a custom-made questionnaire at a single centre assessing data on demographics, knowledge of GHD, adherence and attitudes towards GHRT.
Results Of 106 eligible patients actively followed for GHD 70 returned the completed survey (return-rate 66%, 34 m/36 f; age 56±14 years). 46 patients were actively treated, but almost one third (n=24) refused GHRT. 12 patients had participated in clinical trials with LAGH (long-acting growth hormone). Overall, patients with GHRT showed good adherence. Patients refusing GHRT mostly feared side effects and/or had a lack of information/perceived effect. Disease knowledge and level of education were higher in treated than untreated patients (p=0.023/0.017). Only 36% of respondents would initiate treatment with LAGH. Patients with prior LAGH experience and patients with childhood-onset GHD were more likely to adopt LAGH (p=0.048/0.031).
Discussion Most often, misinformation causes patients to refuse GHRT. Possibly the understanding of their condition and consequences of non-treatment is limited. To improve adherence more focused educational and behavioural strategies may be needed. Willingness to begin a therapy with LAGH was lower than expected (36%). The reasons for reluctance against LAGH need to be elucidated.
Reoperative Surgery in Complex Crohn's Disease
Authors: Leinicke Jennifer A. , Dietz David W. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThis article provides a structured approach to the technical aspects of reoperative surgery for Crohn's disease. Specific indications for surgery including repeat ileocolic resection, Crohn's complications of ileal pouch anal anastomosis and continent ileostomy, completion proctectomy, and the role of small bowel transplant will be discussed.
miR-34b-3p May Promote Antiplatelet Efficiency of Aspirin by Inhibiting Thromboxane Synthase Expression
Authors: Liu Wen Wen , Wang Hao , Chen Xia Huan , Fu Sidney W. , Liu Mei Lin 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAspirin has been widely used for the prevention of cardiovascular diseases, but its antiplatelet efficiency varies between individuals. The present study aimed to evaluate response to aspirin based on gene profiles as well as potential regulating pathways using human blood samples and cell lines. Platelet function in patients 50 years or older with coronary artery disease on 100 mg/day aspirin was measured by light transmission aggregometry (LTA) of arachidonic acid (AA)-induced platelet aggregation. The expression of eight candidate genes—PTGS1/COX1, PLA2G4A, PLA2G6, PLA2G7, TBXAS1, TBXA2R, PTGIR, and ITGA2B—and the ingredients involved in AA metabolism were analyzed. Our data showed that the expressions of thromboxane A synthase 1 (TBXAS1), thromboxane synthase (TXS), and thromboxane B2 (TXB2) were increased in the upper quartile of platelet aggregation (LTA-AA_Q4) group compared with the lower quartile of platelet aggregation (LTA-AA_Q1) group. Our bioinformatics analysis suggested that TBXAS1 was targeted by miR-34b-3p via binding to its 3′-UTR, which was subsequently verified experimentally. Although overexpression of miR-34b-3p exhibited no apparent effect on cell proliferation, inhibition of miR-34b-3p promoted megakaryocyte viability. Our data demonstrated that the expression of TBXAS1 was higher in the aspirin hyporesponsiveness group than that in the hyperresponsiveness group, suggesting that high expression of TBXAS1 may be associated with aspirin hyporesponsiveness. miR-34b-3p may regulate the platelet and aspirin response by suppressing TBXAS1 expression and megakaryocyte proliferation.
Glycans and Glycan-Binding Proteins in Atherosclerosis
Authors: Eckardt Veit , Weber Christian , von Hundelshausen Philipp 
Published: July 2019

AbstractComplex glycans are readily accessible on the endothelium and on cell and plasma components. They interact with glycan-binding proteins which translate their structure into function. Advanced analytical tools are available to investigate their structure and functional interactions. Modifications to glycan structures which alter their capacity to bind proteins are particularly relevant in atherosclerosis. We summarize the regulatory role of glycans and their binding partners in the development of the disease. Given their complexity, accessibility, and important functional role, glycans and glycan-binding proteins represent promising diagnostic tools and therapeutic targets.
Disentangling lattice and electronic contributions to the metal–insulator transition from bulk vs. layer confined RNiO
3
Authors: Georgescu Alexandru B. , Peil Oleg E. , Disa Ankit S. , Georges Antoine , Millis Andrew J. 
Published: July 2019

Significance
Our combined theoretical and experimental study of bulk and heterostructured forms of a correlated electron material leads to insights into the metal–insulator transition. Comparison of single-layer, bilayer, and very thick samples validates a combined ab-initio/many-body theoretical approach and enables a clear disentangling of electronic and lattice contributions to the transition by independently changing each. Analysis of the lattice relaxations associated with the metal–insulator transition highlights the importance of the elastic properties of and propagation of distortions into the electronically inert counterlayer, defining a control parameter for tuning electronic properties. Counterlayer-induced bond-angle changes and electronic confinement provide separate tuning parameters, with bond-angle changes found to be a much less effective tuning parameter.
Redox control on nitrogen isotope fractionation during planetary core formation
Authors: Dalou Celia , Füri Evelyn , Deligny Cécile , Piani Laurette , Caumon Marie-Camille , Laumonier Mickael , Boulliung Julien , Edén Mattias 
Published: July 2019

Significance
The origin and evolution of Earth’s nitrogen is often discussed by comparing the large variation of N-isotopic compositions among Earth’s building blocks (chondrites) to the signatures of various terrestrial reservoirs. Here, we demonstrate that planetary differentiation processes, such as core formation, may have significantly modified the N-isotopic composition of the proto-Earth. During core–mantle differentiation, a significant amount of isotopically light N entered Earth’s core, producing an isotopic fractionation much larger than has been observed for other geochemical tracers of core formation. The magnitude of N-isotopic fractionation varies significantly as a function of the redox history of the early Earth. Therefore, distinct N-isotopic ratios among Earth’s reservoirs or between planetary bodies may reflect different planetary evolution processes as opposed to different N sources.
Mapping the native organization of the yeast nuclear pore complex using nuclear radial intensity measurements
Authors: Vallotton Pascal , Rajoo Sasikumar , Wojtynek Matthias , Onischenko Evgeny , Kralt Annemarie , Derrer Carina Patrizia , Weis Karsten 
Published: July 2019

SignificanceThe nuclear pore complex (NPC) is a huge protein assembly that selectively transports macromolecules across the nuclear envelope (NE) of eukaryotes. Determining the precise organization of that machinery has been a long-standing goal of structural biology. Here, we introduce a methodology called NuRIM that can map the average position of NE proteins in vivo based on the analysis of intensity patterns in fluorescence micrographs. This generally applicable technique delivers a precise positional map of the native yeast NPC and associated factors. Further, it allows us to investigate the structural consequences of NPC compositional perturbations, and to orient specific protein segments that play an essential role in NPC transport and assembly.
Encoding counterfactuality in Chinese, syntactically
Authors: Liu Haiyong 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIn this article, I demonstrate how past time-reference, modality, negation, conditional, and the causal relationship between the protasis and the apodosis work together to generate counterfactuality in Chinese, syntactically. I study two syntactic means that can help construe counterfactuality in Chinese. First, I study the case of the specialized complementizeryaobushi‘if not for’ based onIppolito and Su (2009)by arguing that the causal clausal relationship and the overt or covert modality are obligatory inyaobushicounterfactual; in particular, I resort to the inherent negative entailment of the modal adverbcai‘not until’ that satisfies the exhaustive operator to account for the needed negation incaiapodosis. Second, I propose that a hypothetical conditional clause with a past time-reference guarantees past counterfactuality in Chinese. I extend the morphological past-tense exclusion operator for counterfactuality (Iatridou 2000) to a more general and more pragmatic past time-reference to include tenseless languages like Chinese. I also show the special typological status of past tense and past counterfactual.
Soldiers in business: the pitfalls of METEC’s projects in the context of Ethiopia’s civil–military relations
Authors: Gebregziabher Tefera Negash 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT
This article critically chronicles the ascendancy and apparent decline of a business conglomerate, Metals and Engineering Corporation (METEC), in post-1991 Ethiopia. Informed by ‘developmental state’ ideology, the political elites managed to create METEC, entrusting it to the military for their use in leading the industrialisation of the country. With a sober analysis of the conglomerate’s engagement in mega-projects in the context of civil–military relations, this article shows that the ‘developmental role’ of METEC has been characterised by extreme delays in projects, with symptoms of financial embezzlement which have led the party-state to reconsider the military’s role in the economy. The article relies primarily on documents, informal discussions and media content analysis.
Near-field imaging of locally perturbed periodic surfaces
Authors: Liu Xiaoli , Zhang Ruming 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
This paper concerns the inverse scattering problem to reconstruct a locally perturbed periodic surface. Different from scattering problems with quasi-periodic incident fields and periodic surfaces, the scattered fields are no longer quasi-periodic. Thus the classical method for quasi-periodic scattering problems no longer works. The method based on the Floquet–Bloch transform provides an efficient numerical algorithm to solve the direct scattering problem, and a possibility to reconstruct both the unknown periodic part and the unknown local perturbation from the near-field data.
By transforming the original scattering problem into one defined in an infinite rectangle, the information of the surface is included in the coefficients. The numerical scheme contains two steps. The first step is to obtain an initial guess from a sampling method. The second step is to reconstruct the surface. As is proved in the paper, for some incident fields, the corresponding scattered fields carry little information of the perturbation. In this case, we use these scattered fields to reconstruct the periodic surface. Then we could apply the data that carries more information of the perturbation to reconstruct the local perturbation. The Newton-CG method is applied to solve the associated optimization problems. Numerical examples are given at the end of this paper to show the efficiency of our numerical method.
Effect of ionizing radiation towards human health: A review
Authors: Abu Bakar Nurul Fathihah , Amira Othman Siti , Amirah Nor Azman Nor Farah , Saqinah Jasrin Nurin 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
This paper reviews the properties, process and effect of ionizing radiation towards human health. The fetus and human embryo are much sensitive to ionizing radiation. The health consequences of exposure can be vary even at low radiation and as a result it will affect the mother. Such consequences can include cancer, malformations, growth retardation and impaired brain function. There are two types of biological effects which is deterministic and stochastic effect. Biological effect of radiation results from both direct and indirect action of radiation. Radiation exposure may be external or internal and can be acquired through various exposure pathways. Different organs have different sensitivity to ionizing radiation. Ionizing radiation is a radiation that carries enough energy to liberate electrons from atoms or molecules, thereby ionizing them. Ionizing radiation is made up of energetic subatomic particles, ions or atoms moving at high speeds such as alpha, beta, gamma, neutron particles and X-rays. The spontaneous disintegration of atoms is known as radioactivity and the excess energy emitted is a form of ionizing radiation. As the use of ionizing radiation increases, so does the potential for health hazards.
Implementation of green building materials in construction industry in Johor Bahru, Malaysia
Authors: Kuppusamy S , Chew H Y , Mari T S , Chai C S 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The research paper is to investigate the implementation of green building materials by construction industry stakeholders in Johor Bahru. Several features and the main types of green building material used in construction industry in Johor Bahru is determined. Barriers and solutions is identified in adopting the green building materials and questionaire is used to gauge response from targetted respondends. The design structure of the questionnaire is to achieve the three objectives of the research. The first objective of the study intends to investigate the importance level for features of green building and the types of green building materials. The second objective of the research is to investigate importance level of the core barriers for the usage of green building materials and the third objective is to investigate importance level of the solutions for the barriers in adopting green building materials.
The data collected is analysed using SPSS software, descrptive statistics eg. mean score and standard deviation interpretations. In conclusion, the GBM features preferred are energy efficiency, low carbon emission and raw material and waste is recyclable. Preferred GBM types are “sustainable brick”, “lightweight reinforced concrete” and “wood flooring” are the top three ranked GBM in Johor Bahru. The research also found that, “Higher cost”, “Lack of awareness” and “Lack of rules and regulations” are the top three ranked core barriers. Finally, the research concluded that, “Reduce green building material cost”, “Education” and “Training campaign” are the top three ranked solutions importance level in adopting GBM in Johor Bahru.