bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reduction in nitrogen fertilizer applications by the use of polymer‐coated urea: effect on maize yields and environmental impacts of nitrogen losses
Authors: Xie Yong , Tang Li , Han Yongliang , Yang Lan , Xie Guixian , Peng Jianwei , Tian Chang , Zhou Xuan , Liu Qiang , Rong Xiangmin , Zhang Yuping 
Published: October 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDUrea is commonly over‐applied as a nitrogen (N) fertilizer to crops in southern China and has a low utilization efficiency as a result of the high precipitation and high temperatures in this region. This has led to a need to optimize the management of N fertilizer use in maize crops on the subtropical hilly uplands of southern China.RESULTSWe investigated the effects of applying different amounts of N in the form of polymer‐coated urea (PCU) on the yield of maize and gaseous losses of N from soils in the form of NH3 and N2O. The field plots used in this trial had zero‐added N (0 kg N ha−1), the addition of urea (240 kg N ha−1) and four levels of fertilization with PCU (1 PCU, 0.9 PCU, 0.8 PCU and 0.7 PCU), which represented a 0%, 10%, 20% and 30% reduction, respectively, in the application of PCU‐N relative to the urea plot. Compared to the urea plot, there was little variation in the yield of maize for all the PCU‐N treatments, with a significant improvement in the utilization efficiency of N (up to 46.0–51.2%) with a 0–30% reduction in the application of PCU‐N. Significant effects in the mitigation of the N2O emission flux and the accumulation of N2O‐N were observed in the 0.8 PCU and 0.7 PCU plots. The application of PCU‐N significantly reduced the flux and total amount of NH3‐N lost to the environment: as the application rate for N decreased by 0–30%, the NH3 loss was significantly reduced by 12.7–36.1%.CONCLUSIONThe findings of the present study suggest that the use of PCU could allow a reduction in the application of N of 20–30% compared to traditional agricultural practices in this area with the same yield of maize, although with significantly decreased NH3 and N2O losses and the increased utilization of N. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Fusion of near‐infrared and fluorescence spectroscopy for untargeted fraud detection of Chinese tea seed oil using chemometric methods
Authors: Hu Ou , Chen Jing , Gao Pengfei , Li Gangfeng , Du Shijie , Fu Haiyan , Shi Qiong , Xu Lu 
Published: October 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDThis paper investigated the feasibility of data fusion of near‐infrared (NIR) and fluorescence spectroscopy for rapid analysis of cheap vegetable oils in Chinese Camellia oleifera Abel. (COA) oil. Because practical frauds usually involve adulterations of multiple known and unknown cheap oils, traditional analytical methods aimed at detecting one or more known adulterants are insufficient to identify adulterated COA oil. Therefore, untargeted analysis was performed by developing class models of pure COA oil using robust one‐class partial least squares (OCPLS).RESULTSThe most accurate OCPLS model was obtained with fusion of standard normal variate (SNV)‐NIR and SNV–fluorescence spectra with sensitivity of 0.954 and specificity of 0.91. Robust OCPLS could detect adulterations with 2% (w/w) or more cheap oils, including rapeseed oil, sunflower seed oil, corn oil and peanut oil.CONCLUSIONFusion of NIR and fluorescence data and chemometrics provided enhanced capacity for rapid and untargeted analysis of multiple adulterations in Chinese COA oils. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Surgery for isolated regional failure in nasopharyngeal carcinoma after radiation: Selective or comprehensive neck dissection
Authors: Liu You‐Ping , Li Hao , You Rui , Li Ji‐Bin , Liu Xue‐Kui , Yang An‐Kui , Guo Xiang , Song Ming , Zhang Quan , Guo Zhu‐Ming , Chen Wen‐Kuan , Liu Wei‐Wei , Zou Xiong , Hua Yi‐Jun , Yang Qi , Zhang Yi‐Nuan , Sun Rui , Mo Hao‐Yuan , Guo Ling , Lin Ai‐Hua , Mai Hai‐Qiang , Qian Chao‐Nan , Chen Ming‐Yuan 
Published: October 2018

ObjectiveTo compare survival effects of comprehensive neck dissection (CND) and selective neck dissection (SND) for patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) with only regional failure.MethodsA total of 294 recurrent T0N1‐3M0 NPC patients who underwent neck dissection in Sun Yat‐Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China, between January 1984 and February 2014, were enrolled in the survival and interaction analyses. Using propensity scores to adjust for potential prognostic factors, an additional well‐balanced cohort of 210 patients was constructed by matching each patient who received SND with one patient who underwent CND (1:1); the differences were then compared between SND and CND in terms of overall survival (OS), local recurrence‐free survival (LRFS), regional recurrence‐free survival (RRFS), and distant metastasis‐free survival (DMFS).ResultsBoth univariate and multivariate analyses showed that SND was not inferior to CND (P > 0.05) but demonstrated that extracapsular spread (ECS) (hazard ratio [HR] 3.49, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.30–5.29, P < 0.001), recurrent N stage (rN stage) (HR 1.96, 95% CI 1.29–2.97, P = 0.002), and positive margins (HR 3.67, 95% CI 2.40–5.62, P < 0.001) were independent poor prognostic factors for OS. The interaction effects between the dissection style and each independent factor were not significant for OS, LRFS, RRFS, or DMFS (P > 0.05). Furthermore, no survival differences were found between SND and CND in the case‐matched cohort in terms of OS, LRFS, RRFS, or DMFS (P = 0.550, 0.930, 0.214, and 0.146, respectively).ConclusionWith a similar radical dissection extent around the tumor rather than dissection of extensive lymph region distal to the lesion, SND is not inferior to CND for patients with NPC with only cervical failure. ECS, rN stage, and positive margins were adverse independent prognostic factors for patients with NPC.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 129:387–395, 2019
Dynamics of Intrinsic Laryngeal Muscle Contraction
Authors: Vahabzadeh‐Hagh Andrew M. , Pillutla Pranati , Zhang Zhaoyan , Chhetri Dinesh K. 
Published: October 2018

ObjectivesLaryngeal function requires neuromuscular activation of the intrinsic laryngeal muscles (ILMs). Rapid activation of the ILMs occurs in cough, laughter, and voice‐unvoiced‐voiced segments in speech and singing. Abnormal activation is observed in hyperfunctional disorders such as vocal tremor and dystonia. In this study, we evaluate the dynamics of ILM contraction.Study/DesignBasic science study in an in vivo canine model.MethodsThe following ILMs were stimulated: thyroarytenoid (TA), lateral cricoarytenoid/interarytenoid (LCA/IA), cricothyroid (CT), all laryngeal adductors (LCA/IA/TA), and the posterior cricoarytenoid (PCA). Neuromuscular stimulation was performed via the respective nerves at current levels needed to achieve maximum vocal fold posture change. Muscle contraction and posture changes were recorded with high speed video (HSV). HSV frames were then analyzed to measure response times required from the onset of muscle contraction to the time the vocal folds achieved maximum posture change.ResultsIn all muscles, the onset of posture change occurred within 10 to 12 milliseconds after neuromuscular stimulation. The average times ( ± standard deviation) to achieve final posture were as follows: TA 34.5 ± 6 ms (N = 15), LCA/IA 55 ± 12 ms (N = 14), recurrent laryngeal nerve 43 ± 8 ms (N = 18), CT 100.8 ± 17 ms (N = 26), and PCA 91.2 ± 8 ms (N = 3). Data distribution appeared normal.ConclusionResults showed a difference in muscle activation time between different ILMs consistent with reported differences in muscle fiber composition. These data also provide an estimate of the limits of laryngeal contraction frequency in physiologic and pathologic laryngeal states.Level of EvidenceNA Laryngoscope, 129:E21–E25, 2019
The effects of cytosporone‐B, a novel antifibrotic agent, on vocal fold fibroblasts
Authors: Hiwatashi Nao , Mukudai Shigeyuki , Bing Renjie , Branski Ryan C. 
Published: October 2018

Objectives/HypothesisOur laboratory recently described NR4A1 as an endogenous inhibitor of TGF‐β–induced vocal fold (VF) fibrosis. Our prior report described the temporal expression of NR4A1 during VF healing in vivo and the effects of NR4A1 knockdown on fibroplastic cell activities in vitro. Based on these findings, we hypothesized that cytosporone‐B (Csn‐B), an NR4A1 agonist, may hold significant therapeutic potential.Study DesignIn vitro.MethodsHuman VF fibroblasts were exposed to TGF‐β1+/‐Csn‐B. Expression of genes related to fibrosis were quantified. In addition, contraction was assayed as a surrogate for the fibrotic phenotype in our cell line.ResultsTGF‐B1 stimulated COL1A1 and ACTA2, as expected. Csn‐B significantly downregulated TGF‐β1–mediated upregulation of these genes (P = .009, P = .03, respectively). Csn‐B had no effect on genes related to TGF‐β/Smad signaling. Csn‐B also decreased the TGF‐β1–mediated contractile phenotype in our cells (P = .004).ConclusionsNR4A1 is an endogenous inhibitor of fibrosis in the vocal folds and Csn‐B, as an NR4A1 agonist, may evolve as an ideal, therapeutic candidate for this challenging condition.Level of EvidenceNA Laryngoscope, 128:E425–E428, 2018
Time Course of Recovery of Iatrogenic Vocal Fold Paralysis
Authors: Husain Solomon , Sadoughi Babak , Mor Niv , Sulica Lucian 
Published: October 2018

ObjectiveTo clarify the time course of recovery in patients with iatrogenic vocal fold paralysis.Study DesignRetrospective chart review.MethodsMedical records for all patients with iatrogenic vocal fold paralysis over a 10‐year period were reviewed to obtain demographic and clinical information, including onset of disease and recovery of vocal function. Stroboscopic exams of patients who recovered voice were reviewed blindly to assess return of vocal fold motion.ResultsOne hundred and two patients of 114 (89%) recovered vocal function. Time to recovery could be assessed in 39 patients who did not undergo injection augmentation. The mean time to recovery was 181.8 ± 109.3 days (left: 166.4 ± 106.7 days; right: 221.8 ± 115.6 days; P value = 0.095). Patients were analyzed according to anatomical site of surgery (skull base, carotid endarterectomy, thoracic, neck and intubation); there was no significant difference in time to recovery (P value = 0.60). Twelve of the 39 patients had recovery of vocal fold motion. The mean time to vocal recovery did not differ between patients with return of motion versus no return of motion (140.6 ± 118.0 days vs. 200.1 ± 102.2 days; P value = 0.147).ConclusionAge, gender, laterality, and anatomical site of injury do not influence recovery rate in iatrogenic vocal fold paralysis. The probability of recovery decreases over time but more slowly in comparison with idiopathic vocal fold paralysis, reflecting the greater heterogeneity of injury type in the iatrogenic population. Commonly available aggregate recovery rates overstate the potential for recovery.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 129:1159–1163, 2019
β‐Cyclodextrin‐Based Star Amphiphilic Copolymers: Synthesis, Characterization, and Evaluation as Artificial Channels
Authors: Faye Ibrahima , Huin Cécile , Illy Nicolas , Bennevault Véronique , Guégan Philippe 
Published: October 2018

Abstract14‐arm amphiphilic star copolymers are synthesized according to different strategies. First, the anionic ring polymerization of 1,2‐butylene oxide (BO) initiated by per(2‐O‐methyl‐3,6‐di‐O‐(3‐hydroxypropyl))‐β‐CD (β‐CD’OH14) and catalyzed by t‐BuP4 in DMF is investigated. Analyses by NMR and SEC show the well‐defined structure of the star β‐CD’‐PBO14. To obtain a 14‐arm poly(butylene oxide‐b‐ethylene oxide) star, a Huisgen cycloaddition between an α‐methoxy‐ω‐azidopoly(ethylene oxide) and the β‐CD’‐PBO14,whose end‐chains are beforehand alkyne‐functionalized, is performed. In parallel, 14‐arm star copolymers composed of butylene oxide‐b‐glycidol arms are successfully synthesized by the anionic polymerization of ethoxyethylglycidyl ether (EEGE) initiated by β‐CD’‐PBO14 with t‐BuP4. The deprotection of EEGE units is then performed to provide the polyglycidol blocks. These amphiphilic star polymers are evaluated as artificial channels in lipid bilayers. The effect of changing a PEO block by a polyglycidol block on the insertion properties of these artificial channels is discussed.
Non‐Delaminating Polymer Hydrogel Coatings via C,H‐Insertion Crosslinking (CHic)—A Case Study of Poly(oxanorbornenes)
Authors: Riga Esther K. , Rühe Jürgen , Lienkamp Karen 
Published: October 2018

AbstractRobust, non‐delaminating polymer coatings and hydrogels are needed for technical and biomedical applications. This study focuses on surface‐attached poly(oxanorbornene) hydrogels obtained by simultaneous UV‐activated crosslinking and surface‐immobilization. The synthesis and copolymerization of two oxanorbornene monomers carrying the UV‐crosslinkers malonic acid diazoester or benzophenone, which can both undergo UV‐triggered C,H‐insertion crosslinking (CHic), is presented. The crosslinking efficiency and network stability of hydrogels made from these self‐crosslinkable polymers are studied and compared to the properties of poly(oxanorbornene) networks obtained by UV‐triggered thiol‐ene‐reactions involving a low molecular weight crosslinker. Smooth, defect‐free, non‐delaminating hydrogel coatings are obtained by CHic, not only on laboratory model surfaces but also on a technical product.
A compact superformula based ultra‐wideband antenna shape with two notched bands
Authors: Mouhouche F. , Azrar A. , Dehmas M. , Djafri K. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractIn this paper, a compact superformula ultra‐wideband (UWB) monopole antenna with dual band notches is proposed. The developed structure achieves UWB performance as well as a compact size of 20 × 26 × 1.62 mm3. Furthermore, to avoid interferences with WiMAX and satellite communication systems, dual notched band is obtained by engraving two co‐directional triangular split ring defects on the radiating element. The simulated and measured results show that the proposed antenna has an impedance bandwidth extending from 3.05 to 20 GHz with dual notched bands at [5.15‐5.68 GHz], and [7.15‐7.65 GHz] used in WiMAX and satellite communication, respectively. The proposed design realizes omnidirectional radiation pattern in H‐plane, and a dipole‐like pattern in E‐plane. The antenna exhibits an acceptable gain in the whole UWB range except at notched bands.
Performance analysis of an S‐band antenna for nanosatellite payloads communication system
Authors: Alam Touhidul , Islam Mohammad Tariqul , Amanath Ullah Md. , Cho Mengu 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe nanosatellite concept was born from the low‐cost small satellite educational research activities that lead to the nanosatellite revolution. However, in recent years, the development of the nanosatellite is not for just research purpose but commercial opportunities as well. Antenna is very crucial part of the nanosatellite communication system that establishes communication between space to ground. In this paper, an S‐band circular polarized (CP) antenna is presented and investigate the performance compatibility for nanosatellite space mission. The antenna was fabricated on 1.575 mm thick Rogers 5880 substrate material. The measured result shows that the antenna has a −10 dB reflection coefficient bandwidth of 1.64%, 3 dB axial‐ratio bandwidths of 38 MHz and realized gain of around 5.58 dB at the resonant frequency. The antenna was integrated with 2 U nanosatellite structure and investigated the antenna performance.
Nutrition Support During Pediatric Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation
Authors: Farr Bethany J. , Rice‐Townsend Samuel E. , Mehta Nilesh M. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractProviding adequate nutrition to critically ill pediatric patients is essential and positively impacts outcomes. Critically ill infants and children receiving extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) therapy are nutritionally vulnerable, yet there are challenges to reliable assessment of nutrition requirements and to the delivery of optimal nutrition in this cohort. In this review of the relevant literature, we present the current evidence and guidelines for the optimal prescription and delivery of nutrition for pediatric patients receiving ECMO. We also discuss nutrient delivery considerations in ECMO survivors and identify areas where further study is needed.
Peridynamic bond‐associated correspondence model: Stability and convergence properties
Authors: Chen Hailong , Spencer Benjamin W. 
Published: October 2018

SummaryThe correspondence approach is a powerful technique that permits the usage of standard constitutive models from local theory within a peridynamic formulation. However, the conventional correspondence formulation suffers from material instability, ie, zero‐energy modes, which must be controlled for it to be applied in practice. The recently‐introduced correspondence reformulation based on the use of a bond‐associated deformation gradient can inherently remove the material instability. In this paper, we show how the bond‐associated correspondence model satisfies the requirement for material stability. The convergence behavior is also examined. The accuracy of this approach is further demonstrated by comparing model predictions against local reference solutions and results from the conventional correspondence model with penalty stabilization for both two‐dimensional and three‐dimensional problems.
Alignment of diet prescription to genotype does not promote greater weight loss success in women with obesity participating in an exercise and weight loss program
Authors: Coletta A. M. , Sanchez B. , O'Connor A. , Dalton R. , Springer S. , Koozehchian M. S. , Murano P. S. , Woodman C. R. , Rasmussen C. , Kreider R. B. 
Published: October 2018

SummaryObjectiveGenetics contribute to variability in individual response to weight‐loss interventions. The objective of this study was to determine the efficacy of a commercially available exercise and weight‐loss program and whether alignment of diet to genotype related to lipid metabolism promotes greater success.DesignSedentary women with obesity (n = 63) had genotype (FABP2rs1799883, PPARG2rs1801282, ADRB3rs4994C3, ADRB2rs1042713, rs1042714) determined using a direct‐to‐consumer genetic screening kit purported to promote greater weight‐loss success through dietary recommendations based on these genes. Participants were randomly assigned to follow a moderate carbohydrate (MC) or lower carbohydrate (LC) hypo‐energetic diet that aligned (A) or did not align (NA) with genotype for 24 weeks while participating in a resistance training and walking program. Data were analysed by general linear model repeated measures adjusted for baseline variables and are presented as mean (95% confidence interval) changes from baseline.ResultsParticipants in the LC group experienced greater improvements (p = 0.051, ηp2 = 0.025) in per cent changes in body composition (weight: MC −3.32 [−1.4, −5.2], LC −5.82 [−4.1, −7.6]; fat mass: MC −7.25 [−3.2, −11.2], LC −10.93 [−7.3, −14.5]; fat‐free mass: MC −0.32 [1.4, −2.0], LC −1.48 [0.7, −3.0]; and body fat percentage: MC −4.19 [−1.6, −6.8], LC −5.60 [−3.3, −7.9] %). No significant differences were observed between genotype groups (weight: A −5.00 [−3.3, −6.7], NA −4.14 [−2.2, −6.1]; fat mass: A −10.15 [−7.0, −13.6], NA −8.02 [−4.0, −12.0]; fat‐free mass: A −1.23 [0.3, −2.8], NA −0.56 [1.12, −2.3]; and body fat: A −5.28 [−3.0, −7.6], NA −4.51 [−1.9, −7.1] %).ConclusionsAdherence to this exercise and weight‐loss program promoted improvements in body composition and health outcomes. While individuals following the LC diet experienced greater benefits, alignment of these diets to this genetic profile did not promote greater health outcomes.
In situ synthesis of silver nanoparticles on densely amine‐functionalized polystyrene: Highly active nanocomposite catalyst for the reduction of methylene blue
Authors: Amari Heni , Guerrouache Mohamed , Mahouche‐Chergui Samia , Abderrahim Raoudha , Carbonnier Benjamin 
Published: October 2018

In this contribution, polystyrene (PS) bearing nitrogen‐rich ligands as chelation moieties for both Ag+ ions and Ag(0) nanoparticles was prepared through successive chemical modifications of native PS including nitration (treatment with HNO3/H2SO4), reductive amination (treatment with SnCl2/HCl), Michael addition of methyl acrylate, and grafting of ethyelenediamine. The as‐synthesized PS derivative was further used to support silver nanoparticles through initial chelation of the silver nanoparticle ions precursor and subsequent chemical in situ reduction with sodium borohydride. Chemical structure of the PS derivatives was confirmed after each synthesis step by using complementary characterization methods including infrared and energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopies, elemental analysis, X‐ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, and scanning electron microscopy. The catalytic activity of the PS‐EAD/AgNP nanocomposite was demonstrated using the reduction of methylene blue to leucomethylene blue, as a model reaction. The reaction was monitored by UV‐vis spectrophotometry and achieved with an excess of sodium borohydride allowing for a pseudo‐first‐order analysis of the kinetic reaction parameters. Quantitative reduction of the methylene blue was obtained upon successive catalytic cycles with a rate constant value of 0.4016 minute−1.
Significance of data mining in routine signal detection: Analysis based on the safety signals identified by the FDA
Authors: Fukazawa Chisato , Hinomura Yasushi , Kaneko Masayuki , Narukawa Mamoru 
Published: October 2018

AbstractPurposeData mining has been introduced as one of the most useful methods for signal detection by spontaneous reports, but data mining is not always effective in detecting all safety issues. To investigate appropriate situations in which data mining is effective in routine signal detection activities, we analyzed the characteristics of signals that the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) identified from the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS).MethodsAmong the signals that the FDA identified from the FAERS between 2008 1Q and 2014 4Q, we selected 233 signals to evaluate in this study. We conducted a disproportionality analysis and classified these signals into two groups according to the presence or absence of statistical significance in the reporting odds ratio (ROR). Then, we compared the two groups based on the characteristics of the suspected drugs and adverse events (AEs).ResultsSafety signals were most frequently identified for new drugs that had been on the market for less than 5 years, but some signals were still identified for old drugs (≥20 years), and most of them were statistically significant. The proportion of the signals for “serious” events was significantly higher in the group of nonsignals by ROR (Fisher's exact test, P = 0.032).ConclusionsData mining was shown to be effective in the following situations: (1) early detection of safety issues for newly marketed drugs, (2) continuous monitoring of safety issues for old drugs, and (3) signal detection of nonserious AEs, to which little attention is usually given.