bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Toxicity and Mechanisms of Action of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Pollution in Red Algae (Gracilaria corticata) from the Northern Coast of the Oman Sea
Authors: Sinaei Mahmood , Loghmani Mehran 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The activities of selected biomarkers including 7-ethoxycoumarin-O-deethylase (ECOD) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) were measured in the red algae (Gracilaria corticata) obtained from the Oman Sea. Chemical analyses were used to assess the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the red algae. Total PAH concentrations in the red algae ranged from 3.61 to 8.14 ng g–1 dry weight. Mean GST and ECOD activity also varied from 8.87 to 15.32 nmol/mg protein/min and from 0.31 to 1.02 pmol/min/mg protein, respectively. Significant correlations were found between the total PAH levels and the selected biomarkers (p &lt; 0.01). The results showed that ECOD and GST enzymes reacted to PAHs in phase I and II detoxification mechanisms of red algae (G. corticata), which extend the use of these biomarkers for investigation of the biological effects of PAH pollution as well as determination of pollution bioavailability. Environ Toxicol Chem 2019;38:1947–1953. © 2019 SETAC.
Abstract
Biomarkers of the biological effects of PAHs.
Is the Effect Assessment Approach for Fungicides as Laid Down in the European Food Safety Authority Aquatic Guidance Document Sufficiently Protective for Freshwater Ecosystems?
Authors: Rico Andreu , Brock Theo C.M. , Daam Michiel A. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
In Europe, the European Food Safety Authority aquatic guidance document describes the procedures for the derivation of regulatory acceptable concentrations (RACs) for pesticides in edge-of-field surface waters on the basis of tier-1 (standard test species), tier-2 (geometric mean and species sensitivity distributions [SSDs]), and tier-3 (model ecosystem studies) approaches. In the present study, the protectiveness of such a tiered approach was evaluated for fungicides. Acute and chronic RACs for tier-1 and tier-2B (SSDs) were calculated using toxicity data for standard and additional test species, respectively. Tier-3 RACs based on ecological thresholds (not considering recovery) could be derived for 18 fungicides. We show that tier-1 RACs, in the majority of cases, are more conservative than RACs calculated based on model ecosystem experiments. However, acute tier-2B RACs do not show a sufficient protection level compared with tier-3 RACs from cosm studies that tested a repeated pulsed exposure regime or when relatively persistent compounds were tested. Chronic tier-2B RACs showed a sufficient protection level, although they could only be evaluated for 6 compounds. Finally, we evaluated the suitability of the calculated RACs for 8 compounds with toxicity data for fungi. The comparison shows that the current RACs for individual fungicides, with a few exceptions (e.g., tebuconazole), show a sufficient protection level for structural and functional fungal endpoints. However, more data are needed to extend this comparison to other fungicides with different modes of action. Environ Toxicol Chem 2019;38:2279–2293. © 2019 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of SETAC.
Lethal and Sublethal Toxicity of Thiamethoxam and Clothianidin Commercial Formulations to Soil Invertebrates in a Natural Soil
Authors: Ritchie Ellyn E. , Maisonneuve France , Scroggins Rick P. , Princz Juliska I. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The use of neonicotinoids in agriculture is a critical environmental protection issue. Although there has been considerable research on pollinator exposure and aquatic toxicological effects, few studies have investigated the chronic impacts on soil-dwelling species. Given the application of neonicotinoids into soil systems, there is the potential for risk to soil invertebrates. The toxicity of 2 commercial formulations containing the active ingredients (a.i.) thiamethoxam (Actara® 240SC) or clothianidin (Titan™) was investigated using 3 soil invertebrate species: Oppia nitens, Eisenia andrei, and Folsomia candida. No adverse effects were observed for O. nitens at the highest tested concentrations (≥92 mg a.i./kg dry soil) after a 28-d exposure. Exposure to clothianidin resulted in a 28-d median inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 0.069 (95% confidence limits: 0.039–0.12) mg/kg dry soil for F. candida, and a 56-d IC50 of 0.26 (0.22–3.2) mg a.i./kg dry soil for E. andrei. Exposure to thiamethoxam was less toxic, with IC50s of 0.36 (0.19–0.66) and 3.0 (2.2–4.0) mg a.i./kg dry soil for F. candida and E. andrei reproduction, respectively. The observed toxicity for F. candida adult survival and reproduction and for E. andrei reproduction occurred at environmentally relevant concentrations. However, because clothianidin is a degradation product of thiamethoxam, and detection of clothianidin rose to levels of concern in the thiamethoxam-amended soils over time, the observed toxicity may be partly attributed to the presence of clothianidin. Environ Toxicol Chem 2019;38:2111–2120. © 2019 Crown in the right of Canada. Published by Wiley Periodicals Inc. on behalf of SETAC.
The pandora of network slicing: A multicriteria analysis
Authors: Rosa Raphael Vicente , Rothenberg Christian Esteve 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe evolving requirements of 5G communication business cases around vertical markets in addition to rich content multimedia cloud applications call for advances in enabling technologies and standardization to realize tailor‐made end‐to‐end network services, an approach commonly referred to as network slicing. Different mappings between infrastructure capabilities and custom service requirements produce an overload of information that a network service provider must handle to rationalize possible slicing alternatives for a given business case. This article proposes a methodology exploring algorithms from multicriteria analysis (MCA) to digest a set of slicing criteria advantage points into a coherent set of slicing preferences. Through extensive experimental analysis, we reasoning about observed patterns in the slicing alternatives and discuss the utility of the proposed MCA process for the definition of classes of slices, slicing abstractions views, and recovery/scalability analysis. Altogether, the MCA methodology proposed in this article sheds light into candidate mechanisms to tackle the pandora behind the yet‐to‐be‐understood issues and unanticipated trade‐offs of alternative network slicing approaches. Contributions of this article include providing a prominent outlook towards different dimensioning angles of network slicing, scoping its criteria design, timing, and the quality of the criteria information.
Identification of a Pan‐Gamma‐Secretase Inhibitor Response Signature for Notch‐Driven Cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: O’Rourke Colm J. , Matter Matthias S. , Nepal Chirag , Caetano‐Oliveira Rui , Ton Phuongnga T. , Factor Valentina M. , Andersen Jesper B. 
Published: June 2019

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) mortality rates are increasing as a result of rising incidence and limited curative treatment(s) for patients with advanced disease. NOTCH pathway reactivation has been reported in biliary malignancies to conflicting degrees, hindering prioritization of key therapeutic targets within the network and identification of candidate responder patients for NOTCH‐directed therapies. We analyzed genomic data from 341 patients with CCA and identified NOTCH1 significantly increased in a subgroup characterized by distinct stromal infiltration. Network‐wide imbalance of the NOTCH pathway was seen in CCA, including correlation of NOTCH1 with NOTCH3 and NOTCH ligands. Given the diversity of observed NOTCH receptor engagement, γ‐secretase modulation was rationalized as a therapeutic option. Indeed, subcutaneous transplantation of sensitive and resistant CCA cell lines pretreated with a γ‐secretase inhibitor (GSi) cocktail demonstrated the antineoplastic effects of GSi in a subset of CCA and led to the development of a 225‐gene responder signature. This signature was validated in an independent cohort of 119 patients. Further, this signature was enriched in liver tumors initiated by hydrodynamic injections of activated‐NOTCH as compared with the AKT‐RAS‐driven tumors. Candidate GSi‐responder patients were characterized by distinct transcriptomes overlapping with previous hepatobiliary metastasis and stemness, unique stromal properties, and dysfunctional intratumoral immune infiltration. Pan‐cancer analysis identified 41.9% of cancer types to harbor prospective GSi‐responder patients, which was adapted into a 20‐gene GSi‐sensitivity score metric capable of discriminating nanomolar versus micromolar sensitivity to a cell‐permeable GSi (Z‐LLNle‐CHO) across 60 diverse tumor lines (area under the curve = 1). Conclusion: We have established a GSi‐responder signature with evidence across several patient cohorts, as well as in vitro and in vivo models, to enable precision medicine application of NOTCH‐directed therapy in CCA as well as prospectively across diverse malignancies.
Exergy and energy analysis of a wavy fin radiator with variously shaped nanofluids as coolants
Authors: Kumar Vikash , Sahoo Rashmi Rekha 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe present study deals with the energy and exergy analysis of a wavy fin radiator deploying various shapes of Al2O
3‐water as nanocoolant. The effects of radiator effectiveness, pumping power, heat transfer rate, and performance index with variously shaped nanoparticles, mainly spherical, brick, and platelet, on coolant flow rates and air velocities have been investigated. Also, the impacts of entropy, second law efficiency, entropy generation number, and irreversibility on radiator performance analysis have been considered with steady‐state assumptions.Theoretical analysis revealed that the spherical particle–based nanocoolant showed 21.9%, and 18.2% higher effectiveness than platelet and brick nanocoolants. However, minimization in the entropy generation is observed in the platelet shape of the nanoparticle. The second law efficiency is 13% higher for the spherical nanocoolant compared with the brick nanocoolant. An optimum entropy generation number is found at a coolant flow rate of 13 l/min and then gradually decreases with an increase in the coolant flow rate. For all the considered operating parameters, the spherical nanoparticle showed a better performance than brick and platelet nanofluids as a radiator coolant. Due to the enhanced overall performance for the spherical nanofluid, it may be considered as a potential candidate for a radiator coolant.
Decrease in number of mast cells in resected nasal polyps as an indicator for postoperative recurrence of chronic rhinosinusitis
Authors: Teranishi Yuichi , Jin Denan , Takano Sakurako , Sunami Kishiko , Takai Shinji 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackgroundIn the clinical setting, chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is usually divided into eosinophilic‐CRS (ECRS) and non‐ECRS (NECRS) in Japan. Patients with the former are believed to be at risk for postoperative recurrence of CRS. However, some patients have been missed according to these phenotypic classifications due to the low number of infiltrating eosinophils in polyp tissues.ObjectiveIn the present study, we attempted to identify cellular or molecular candidate markers to predict nasal polyp recurrence.MethodsNasal polyps were collected from 32 patients with CRSwNP who had undergone an endoscopic sinus surgery. These patients were divided into ECRS and NECRS groups in accordance with the Japanese Epidemiological Survey of Refractory Eosinophilic Chronic Rhinosinusitis (JESREC) scoring system and the number of eosinophils in polyp tissues. Unclassifiable patients were referred to as the unknown group.ResultsEosinophil infiltration in resected nasal polyps was most evident in the ECRS group. However, the number of mast cells and tryptase‐positive cells in nasal polyps were significantly lower in ECRS and unknown groups compared with the NECRS group. A significant positive correlation was detected between the JESREC score and number of eosinophils. The numbers of mast cells and tryptase‐positive cells were negatively correlated with the JESREC score in all included samples. Significant positive correlations were detected between the number of transforming growth factor β1‐positive cells and the number of mast cells, tryptase‐positive cells, and chymase‐positive cells mast cells.Conclusions and clinical relevanceThese findings indicated that the enumeration of mast cells in resected polyps may be another approach to predict postoperative polyp recurrence in CRSwNP patients.
Truncated TEAD‐binding protein of TAZ inhibits glioma survival through the induction of apoptosis and repression of epithelial‐mesenchymal transition
Authors: Zhao Wei , Li Li‐Wen , Tian Rui‐Feng , Dong Qiu‐Feng , Li Peng‐Qi , Yan Zhi‐Feng , Yang Xin , Huo Jun‐Li , Fei Zhou , Zhen Hai‐Ning 
Published: June 2019

AbstractTranscriptional coactivator with PDZ‐binding motif (TAZ), a Hippo pathway downstream effector, promotes tumor progression by serving as a transcriptional coactivator with TEAD. Here, we introduced a new construct which can express the TEAD‐binding domain of TAZ protein (TAZBD), and determined its antitumor effect in malignant glioma both in vitro and in vivo. We first observed that TAZ was upregulated in glioma tissues and related to malignant clinicopathologic characteristic, indicating the crucial role of TAZ during glioma progression. In U87 and U251 cells, TAZBD expression increased the proportion of apoptotic cells, and suppressed the colony formation and tumorigenicity. Further, TAZBD also decreased cell metastasis through the repression of epithelial‐mesenchymal transition. The mechanistic study showed that TAZBD suppression of glioma cells was predominantly through blocking the TAZ‐TEAD complex formation by competing with endogenous TAZ. Thus, the gene therapy of malignant glioma through blocking TAZ‐TEAD complex by TAZBD may provide a new way for the targeted therapy of glioma.
A latent class analysis of cognitive empowerment and ethnic identity: An examination of heterogeneity between profile groups on dimensions of emotional psychological empowerment and social justice orientation among urban youth of color
Authors: Lardier David T. , Barrios Verónica R. , Garcia‐Reid Pauline , Reid Robert J. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractPsychological empowerment (PE) encompasses key aspects of youth development and civic engagement. Empowerment scholarship has largely focused on the intrapersonal or emotional component of PE, which considers perceptions of control and self‐efficacy, specifically in the sociopolitical sphere. Fewer studies have assessed the interactional or cognitive component of PE. Even less have examined the empirical association aspects of PE, including cognitive empowerment, with conceptually related variables, such as ethnic identity. Those studies that are present have shown that the association between aspects of PE and ethnic identity are complex. The current study of urban high school students of color (N = 383; 53.1% female; 75% Hispanic/Latinx) investigates the heterogeneity present between cognitive empowerment and ethnic identity. Latent class cluster analyses were conducted and five distinct profile groups emerged. Differences were observed on the basis of profile groups of cognitive empowerment and ethnic identity on self‐reported dimensions of emotional PE (e.g., leadership and policy control) and social justice orientation. The majority of study participants were clustered in groups that identified moderate to high levels of both cognitive empowerment and ethnic identity. Results provide useful insights for theory and programming.
Parental‐perceived neighborhood characteristics and adolescent depressive symptoms: A multilevel moderation analysis
Authors: Dawson Christyl T. , Wu Wensong , Fennie Kristopher P. , Ibañez Gladys , Cano Miguel Á. , Pettit Jeremy W. , Trepka Mary Jo 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAimsThis study examines the moderating role of parental neighborhood perceptions on the relationship between neighborhood structural disadvantage and adolescent depressive symptoms.MethodsData from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health) consisting of 12,105 adolescents and their parents were used.ResultsMixed effects multilevel modeling revealed that parental‐perceived neighborhood disorder was associated with higher levels of adolescent depressive symptoms (β = .27, p ≤ .001). The interaction between neighborhood concentrated poverty and parental‐perceived neighborhood disorder was also significant (β = −.14, p ≤ .01). Low and high levels of parental‐perceived neighborhood disorder were associated with lower (β = −.41, p < .05) and higher (β = .46, p ≤ .01) levels of adolescent depressive symptoms, respectively, with increasing concentrated poverty. Parental‐perceived collective efficacy was not associated with adolescent depressive symptoms nor was it a moderator.ConclusionFindings suggest that the neighborhood's social environment may mitigate adolescent depressive symptoms. Implications for structural interventions are discussed.
Single‐port versus conventional laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy: a propensity score matched analysis and a learning curve of single‐port approach
Authors: Park Pyoungjae , Han Hyung Joon , Song Tae‐Jin , Choi Sae Byeol , Kim Wan‐Bae , Yoo Young Dong , Kim Dong‐Sik , Cha Jae Hyung 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackgroundSingle‐port laparoscopic approaches are well established in the field of minimally invasive surgery; however, single‐port laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy (SPLDP) has not been evaluated in a large number of distal pancreatic neoplasms. We aimed to compare single‐port laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy outcomes with conventional laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy (LDP) outcomes.MethodsWe retrospectively evaluated the medical records of 101 patients who underwent SPLDP (n = 26) or LDP (n = 75). We performed 1:1 propensity score matching between the two groups. Consequently, 26 patients were included in each group. We analyzed the learning curve based on the operation time in SPLDP.ResultsSingle‐port laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy could be performed with fewer trocars (P < 0.001) and assistants (P < 0.001). However, compared to the LDP group, mean operation time was longer (278.9 vs. 178.7 min, P < 0.001) and splenic vessel preservation rates were lower (0% vs. 46.2%, P < 0.001) in the SPLDP group. The mean pain visual analogue scale score was significantly lower at postoperative day 1 (P < 0.001) and day 2 (P < 0.001) in the SPLDP group. The learning curve was determined in the 12th case for SPLDP.ConclusionsSingle‐port laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy is comparable in safety to conventional laparoscopic approaches for distal pancreatic neoplasms, with fewer trocars, assistants and less pain; however, operation time was longer.
Ginsenoside Rh2 reverses cyclophosphamide-induced immune deficiency by regulating fatty acid metabolism
Authors: Qian Ying , Huang Rongrong , Li Senlin , Xie Rui , Qian Bei , Zhang Zijun , Li Lei , Wang Baotian , Tian Cheng , Yang Jian , Xiang Ming 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Ginsenoside Rh2 (G-Rh2) has well-established potent antitumor activity; yet, the effects of G-Rh2 on immune and metabolism regulation in cancer treatment, especially non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remain unclear. We showed that G-Rh2 had a synergistic antitumor effect with cyclophosphamide (CY) on mice with NSCLC, and improved the immune deficiency caused by CY. Consistently, G-Rh2 exhibited no inhibitory effect on tumor growth of T cells-deficient nude mice. Furthermore, G-Rh2 treatment triggered the oxidative decomposition of fatty acid (FA), suppressed FA synthesis, increased ketone level, and decreased glucocorticoid (CORT) secretion. G-Rh2 significantly down-regulated the expression of fatty acid synthase (FASN). Of note, in liver-specific FASN knockout mice G-Rh2 failed to show the same immune enhancement effects. Further mechanistic exploration revealed that G-Rh2 suppressed the expression and nuclear translocation of sterol regulatory element binding protein 1 (SREBP-1), and disturbed the SREBP-1–FASN interaction in vitro.
Troubleshooting in PM Leadless: How to manage an indissoluble knot
Authors: Morani Giovanni , Bolzan Bruna , Tomasi Luca , Zimelli Emma , Marini Paola , Ribichini Flavio Luciano 
Published: June 2019

AbstractA 77‐year‐old patient, with permanent atrial fibrillation, underwent successful Micra transcatheter pacing system (MTPS) implantation. Once begun the pull‐back of the tether, an increasing resistance was felt by the operator until complete blockage. A challenging recapture of MTPS into the delivery system was performed. The retrieved MTPS showed an indissoluble knot close to the docking button that blocked the running of the tether, and a long clot inside the delivery system. The new design of internal handle components of MTPS recently updated seems to favor clot formation. We suggest a reconsideration of the standard recommendations about delivery system flushing and design of the inner flushing tube system.
Factors associated with professional healthcare advice seeking in breast cancer–related lymphedema
Authors: Lin Chia‐Yu , Liu Hsueh‐Erh , Cheng Ming‐Huei 
Published: June 2019

AbstractObjectivesThis study aimed to identify the cognitive factors associated with the professional healthcare advice (PHCA) seeking behavior in breast cancer‐related lymphedema (BCRL).MethodsFrom January 2018 to December 2018, patients with BCRL were prospectively enrolled for a cross‐sectional survey of lymphedema‐related perceived risks, lymphedema quality of life (LYMQoL), knowledge scale of lymphedema, and PHCA behavior at first clinical visit, 3 and 6 months postbaseline.ResultsA total of 180 patients including 100 (55.6%) patients underwent a vascularized lymph node transfer (VLNT) and 80 (44.4%) patients received compressive decongestive therapy (CDT) were enrolled. At 6 months of follow‐up, mean episodes of cellulitis (from 2.2 to 0.2 times/year), mean circumferential difference (7.8 ± 3.9%), wearing compression garments (from 29% to 0 %) in the VLNT group were statistically reduced than those in the CDT group (p = .01, <.01, and <.01, respectively). The overall LYMQoL had statistical improvement in VLNT group (p < .01). The short symptom duration, greater education level, less episodes of cellulitis, and higher knowledge of lymphedema were associated with increased adherence to PHCA (p = .03, .03, .02, and .01, respectively).ConclusionBCRL patients who sought PHCA had great control of lymphedema and improve their quality of life.