bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Solitary fibrous tumor of the pineal region with delayed ectopic intracranial metastasis: A case report and review of the literature
Authors: Wang Yongjie , Zhang Jingying , Liu Qichang , Liu Fuyi , Zhu Xiangdong , Zhang Jianmin 
Published: May 2019

Abstract

Rationale:
Solitary fibrous tumors of central nervous system are rare spindle-cell mesenchymal tumors. Although most are benign in nature, malignant transformation and extracranial metastasis have been reported. Up to now, only one case of CSF dissemination was described. Here we described an extremely rare case of intracranial Solitary fibrous tumors arising from the pineal region with a delayed ectopic metastasis.

Patient concerns:
A 35-year-old female presented with double vision, memory disturbance and unsteady gait was referred to our center. MRI showed an irregular mass in the pineal region.

Diagnoses:
The patient was diagnosed as pineal tumor, with unknown pathology.

Interventions:
Gross total resection was achieved and the pathologic studies confirmed a solitary fibrous tumor. Thirty-nine months later local recurrence occurred and gamma-knife radiotherapy was offered. Seven months later, MRI found a metastasis in the left temporal lobe. Surgical resection was conducted and pathological analysis revealed changes in cell morphology, counts and Ki-67 level, confirmed the diagnosis of solitary fibrous tumor/hemangiopericytoma (WHO Grade III). The patient received post-operational radiotherapy.

Outcomes:
The patient was followed up for 7 months with no signs of recurrence.

Lessons:
Here, we report an extremely rare case of primary solitary fibrous tumor of pineal region with delayed intracranial ectopic metastasis, together with literature review of metastatic solitary fibrous tumors. Strict surveillance is strongly recommended, considering the malignant potential of this seemingly benign disease entity. Complete resection of the tumor is the treatment of first choice and radiotherapy might be an effective adjuvant therapy for high grade SFT/HPCs.
Opioid analgesics are the leading cause of adverse drug reactions in the obstetric population in South Korea
Authors: Choi Sae Kyung , Kim Yeon Hee , Kim Su Mi , Wie Jung Ha , Lee Dong-Gun , Kwon Ji Young , Song Jeong Hwa , Lee Su Jeong , Park In Yang 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Medication use during pregnancy is gradually increasing; however, the safety of this practice remains largely unknown.
We investigated medications with the most adverse drug reactions (ADRs) among pregnant women and the clinical features of those medications.
Reports of ADRs among pregnant women were extracted from the Korea Adverse Events Reporting System (January 2012–December 2015). We analyzed the data of drugs frequently reported to cause ADRs and their clinical features among 3 age groups.
A total of 5642 ADRs among 3428 patients were analyzed. The number of ADR reports increased annually. The most common drug categories causing ADRs were analgesics, followed by gynecologic, uterotocolytic, anti-infective, antidiabetic, analgesic, and antihypertensive drugs. Analgesics comprised 6 opioids (morphine, fentanyl, hydromorphone, oxycodone, tramadol, pethidine) and an anti-pyretics (nefopam and ketorolac). As an individual drug, ritodrine (24.4%) was the most frequently reported, followed by morphine, 5-HT3 serotonin antagonist, nefopam, fentanyl, magnesium sulfate, insulin lispro, cefazedone, sodium chloride, hydromorphone, oxycodone, cefotetan, nifedipine, human insulin, tramadol, ketorolac, pethidine, methylergometrine, metoclopramide, and misoprostol (in that order). ADRs most frequently occurred in women aged 25 to 34 years, and the trend of ADR with the 20 most commonly reported medications significantly differed among the age groups (P = .011). In addition, the kind of common causative drugs was different among the age groups.
Knowledge of medications and clinical conditions resulting in the highest ADR rates among pregnant women is necessary for medical practitioners to administer proper care.
Which is the optimal adjuvant chemotherapy for resected pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma?
Authors: Hu Qiancheng , Wang Xin , Chen Ye , Li Xiaofen , Cao Peng , Cao Dan 
Published: May 2019

Abstract

Background:
Although adjuvant chemotherapy has been shown to reduce relapse and prolong survival after surgery, it is still unclear which adjuvant chemotherapy regimen will be favorable over the all adjuvant treatments evaluated for patients with resected pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.

Methods:
PubMed, Embase (Ovid version), Cochrane Library, the American Society of Clinical Oncology, and ClinicalTrials.gov database will be searched from their inception to January 19, 2019. We will include studies that contain adjuvant chemotherapy following surgery in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. The outcomes are overall survival, disease-free survival, and grade 3–4 hematological and nonhematological toxicity. The risk of bias for each randomized controlled trial will be assessed as low, moderate, or high using Cochrane Collaboration's tool independently. Pairwise and network meta-analysis will be performed using STATA 13.0, GeMTC, and WinBUGS, respectively. The competing adjuvant chemotherapy regimens will be ranked by an advantage index.

Results:
The study is ongoing and the results will be submitted to a peer-reviewed journal for publication.

Conclusion:
This network meta-analysis will systematically provide suggestions to select optimum adjuvant treatment for clinical practice in the future.
PROSPERO registration number: CRD42019123907 (https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/#searchadvanced).
Effects of pneumoperitoneum and steep Trendelenburg position on cerebral hemodynamics during robotic-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy
Authors: Chen Ke , Wang Lizhen , Wang Qing , Liu Xuesheng , Lu Yao , Li Yuanhai , Wong Gordon Tin Chun 
Published: May 2019

Abstract

Background:
We evaluated the relationship between ultrasonographical acquired parameters and short-term postoperative cognitive function in patients undergoing robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy (RALP).

Methods:
Ninety elderly patients scheduled for RALP had their optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD), the cross-sectional area (CSA) of the internal jugular vein (IJV) and the IJV valve (IJVV) competency assessed by ultrasound. The patients were analyzed in 2 groups based on whether displayed IJVV incompetency (IJVVI). The 3 parameters were measured before anesthesia (T0), immediately after induction of general anesthesia (T1), 5 minutes after establishing pneumoperitoneum (T2), 5 minutes after placing the patient in the Trendelenburg position (T3), and 5 minutes after the release of the pneumoperitoneum in the supine position (T4). Regional cerebral tissue oxygen saturation (rSO2) was also measured by near-infrared spectroscopy intraoperatively. The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Confusion Assessment Method (CAM) were performed the day before surgery and on postoperative days 1, 3, and 7.

Results:
We found that 52% of patients had evidence of IJVVI after being placed in the Trendelenburg position after pneumoperitoneum was established (T4). Patient with IJVVI showed a significant increase of ONSD and CSA at T1, T2, T3, T4 but there was no associated decrease in rSO2. MMSE scores were reduced at postoperative day 1 and the 7 patients that developed postoperative delirium came from Group IJVVI.

Conclusions:
Our observations suggest that elderly patients that show IJVVI after adequate positioning for RALP may develop elevated intracranial pressure as well as mildly compromised postoperative cognitive function in the short term.
KEGG-expressed genes and pathways in intervertebral disc degeneration
Authors: Mo Sen , Liu Chong , Chen Liyi , Ma Yuan , Liang Tuo , Xue Jiang , Zeng HaoPeng , Zhan Xinli 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
miRNAs and genes play significant roles in the etiology and pathogenesis of intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD). This study aimed to identify aberrantly expressed miRNAs, genes, and pathways in IDD through a comprehensive bioinformatics analysis.
Data of miRNAs expression microarrays (GSE63492) and genes microarrays (GSE23130) were obtained from GEO database. Similarly, aberrantly expressed miRNAs and genes were obtained using GEO2R. In addition, functional and enrichment analyses of selected miRNAs and genes were performed using the DAVID database. Meanwhile, protein–protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed using STRING, and then visualized in Cytoscape.
A total of 98 upregulated miRNAs were identified. They were enriched in biological processes of response to organelle, ion binding, cellular nitrogen compound metabolic process, biosynthetic process, small molecule metabolic process, cellular protein modification process, catabolic process, molecular function, neurotrophin TRK receptor signaling pathway, and protein complex. In addition, 1405 high expression protein genes were detected. It indicated enrichment in biological processes, such as translational initiation, nonsense-mediated decay, viral transcription, cell–cell adhesion, rRNA processing, translation, RP-dependent cotranslational protein targeting to membrane, nuclear-transcribed mRNA catabolic process, regulation of mRNA stability, and mRNA splicing via spliceosome and extracellular matrix organization. In addition, pathway analysis exhibited the common enrichment in focal adhesion, Hippo signaling pathway, ECM-receptor interaction, Wnt signaling pathway, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, endocytosis, proteoglycans in cancer, and so on. The top 10 central genes of PPI network were POTEE, PPP2CA, RPL17, HSP90AA1, POTEF, RPL13A, ACTB, RPL18, RPS24, and HSPA1A.
In conclusion, our research proposed abnormally expressed miRNAs, genes, and pathways in IDD through bioinformatics methods, which may provide new insights into the pathogenesis of IDD. Thus, the Hub gene involving POTEE, PPP2CA, RPL17, HSP90AA1, POTEF, RPL13A, ACTB, RPL18, RPS24, and HSPA1A may be biomarkers for accurate diagnosis and treatment of IDD in the future.
Impact of Paediatric Versus Adult Care Setting on Health Care Utilization in Adolescents With Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Bottema Renske W.B. , de Vries Han , Houwen Roderick H.J. , van Rheenen Patrick F. 
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACTObjective:Paediatric‐onset inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is different from adult‐onset IBD with respect to disease severity and its effect on growth and development. Care of paediatric IBD patients in some countries is dispersed among paediatricians and adult care providers, which may result in different outcomes. This study aims to assess the effect of care setting (paediatric vs adult‐oriented) on health care utilization in adolescent IBD patients.Methods:This is a Dutch population‐based cohort study based on an insurance claims database covering 4.2 million insurees (approximately 25% of the Dutch population). We identified IBD patients ages 16 to 18 years and followed them until the age of 19 years or transfer to adult care, whichever came first. We categorized patients according to care setting: paediatric versus adult‐oriented. We defined outcomes as corticosteroid use, IBD‐related hospital admission, IBD‐related surgery, and biological use. We estimated Cox proportional hazards regression models to control for confounding by indication.Results:Among 626 patients, 380 (61%) were in paediatric and 246 (39%) in adult‐oriented care. In paediatric care, patients were less likely to be treated with corticosteroids (hazard ratio [HR] 0.72, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.52–0.99) or biologicals (HR 0.57, 95% CI 0.34–0.97), and had fewer IBD‐related hospital admissions (HR 0.58, 95% CI 0.37–0.92).Conclusion:In a large and representative community cohort of adolescents with IBD, treatment in paediatric care setting was associated with significantly lower steroid and biological use, without increase in hospital admissions. These results might be used to optimize clinical care for adolescents with IBD.
Exploring the Utility of Entrustable Professional Activities as a Framework to Enhance Nurse Practitioner Education
Authors: Anthamatten Angelina , Pfieffer Mary Lauren , Richmond Anna , Glassford Melissa 
Published: May 2019

Background
Entrustable professional activities (EPAs) are used in medical education in the assessment of clinical competence, but consideration of EPAs in nurse practitioner (NP) education is emerging.

Problem
There are critical points in the NP educational trajectory when a student should demonstrate requisite knowledge and abilities. It can be challenging to assess and measure clinical proficiency in a way that can be clearly interpreted by students, faculty, and preceptors.

Approach
NP faculty reviewed a set of medical EPAs that were linked with physician competencies to determine if they related to national NP competency areas and learning activities in their curriculum.

Conclusions
Several NP competency areas (8 of 9) related to these EPAs, and the learning activities also related to multiple EPAs. Although further work would be needed to tailor EPAs to the NP role and link them specifically with NP competencies, EPAs may offer another valuable method for clinical evaluation of NP students.
Comparisons of the Incidence and Critical Risk Factors of Metabolic Syndrome in Patients With a Rheumatic Disease or Gout
Authors: Oh HyunSoo , Park JiSuk , Yoon YoungSub , Seo WhaSook 
Published: May 2019

BACKGROUND:
Rheumatic disease and gout are particularly known to be associated with metabolic syndrome.

PURPOSE:
To compare incidence, physiological indices, and risk factors of metabolic syndrome in patients with rheumatic diseases or gout.

METHODS:
Data were collected from medical records of 220 patients with rheumatic disease or gout.

RESULTS:
The incidence rate and most physiological indices of metabolic syndrome (body mass index, blood pressure, serum triglyceride, and fasting blood glucose levels) were significantly higher in the gout group than in the rheumatic disease group. In terms of risk factors of metabolic syndrome, age, gender, and steroid use were significant in the rheumatic disease group, whereas smoking and gout duration were significant in the gout group.

CONCLUSIONS:
Men with a rheumatic disease taking steroids warrant additional attention regarding metabolic syndrome development. Special supports are also needed for people with gout who are smokers and who have suffered from gout for a longer duration.
Abundance and diversity of resistomes differ between healthy human oral cavities and gut
Authors: Carr Victoria R. , Witherden Elizabeth , Lee Sunjae , Shoaie Saeed , Mullany Peter , Proctor Gordon B. , Gomez-Cabrero David , Moyes David L. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe global threat of the “antimicrobial resistance apocalypse” that has arisen in recent years has driven the use of high-throughput sequencing techniques to monitor the profile of resistance genes, known as the “resistome”, in microbial populations. The human oral cavity contains a poorly explored reservoir of these genes, and little is known about their abundance and diversity, or how their profile compares with antimicrobial resistance genes in the gut. Here we analyse the resistome profiles of 788 oral cavities worldwide and compare these profiles with paired stool samples from shotgun metagenomic data. We find country and body site-specific differences in the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance genes, classes and mechanisms in oral and stool samples. However, the abundance of these antimicrobial resistance classes do not correlate with antibiotic prescription rates. A greater similarity was found in interpersonal resistomes between the same body sites than intrapersonal resistomes across different body sites. Between individuals, the oral cavity contains the highest and lowest abundances of specific antimicrobial resistance genes, but a lower diversity of resistance genes compared to the gut, which is likely influenced by differences in microbial composition and exposure to antimicrobial selection pressures. Co-occurrence analysis shows contrasting ARG-species associations between saliva and stool samples. This is the first study to date that characterises the oral cavity resistome worldwide, identifying its distinctive signatures compared to the gut.Maintenance and persistence of antimicrobial resistance is likely to vary across different body sites. Thus, we highlight the importance of characterising the resistome across body sites to uncover the antimicrobial resistance potential in the human body.
Monitoring transgenic mosquitoes using wing measurements and I3S Classic
Authors: Vyas-Patel Nayna 
Published: May 2019

AbstractStress responses in insects can manifest as changes in size, shape and symmetry of the wings. Developing methods to measure and track such features could act as an early warning indicator of adverse events or, if all is well, provide assurance that field or laboratory colonies were fit, healthy and developing optimally. This is especially important in the case of newly developed transgenic insects, to assess morphology and as an indicator of their fitness. As body size and symmetry is known to be a significant correlate of fitness, the potential of transgenic insects is reflected in their phenotypic expression. Microsoft Paint and Photos as well as I3S Classic were used. The wings of transgenic mosquitoes DSM 1 & 2 were measured and compared to those of the parent population Anopheles gambiae G3. The right and left wings of both sexes were assessed to determine if they were symmetrical. Measurements indicated high wing symmetry in all the groups and sexes tested, indicating that the transgenic mosquitoes should be just as functional as their parents. The transgenic mosquitoes DSM 1 & 2 were found to be significantly larger in length and width than the parent population A. gambiae G3 and could be distinguished from the parent strain using I3S Classic software with 70 to 100% accuracy. I3S Classic ranked the correct sex of the test strain predominantly in the initial ranks indicating the differences in architecture of male and female wings. I3S Classic software was also used to assess wing symmetry. In keeping with the data from taking measurements, the software indicated that the wings were highly symmetrical, both the right and left wings of the correct strain were selected in the early first and second ranks in roughly equal measure. The importance of assessing the morphological characteristics of insects and of taking measurements during the investigative procedure was discussed.
Land Use Change Increases Wildlife Parasite Diversity in Anamalai Hills, Western Ghats, India
Authors: Chakraborty Debapriyo , Mahender Reddy D. , Tiwari Sunil , Umapathy Govindhaswamy 
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACTAnthropogenic landscape change such as land use change and habitat fragmentation are known to alter wildlife diversity. Since host and parasite diversities are strongly connected, landscape changes are also likely to change wildlife parasite diversity with implication for wildlife health. However, research linking anthropogenic landscape change and wildlife parasite diversity is limited, especially comparing effects of land use change and habitat fragmentation, which often cooccur but may affect parasite diversity substantially differently. Here, we assessed how anthropogenic land use change (presence of plantation, livestock foraging and human settlement) and habitat fragmentation may change the gastrointestinal parasite diversity of wild mammalian host species (n=23) in Anamalai hills, India. We found that presence of plantations, and potentially livestock, significantly increased parasite diversity due possibly to spillover of parasites from livestock to wildlife. However, effect of habitat fragmentation on parasite diversity was not significant. Together, our results showed how human activities may increase wildlife parasite diversity within human-dominated landscape and highlighted the complex pattern of parasite diversity distribution as a result of cooccurrence of multiple anthropogenic landscape changes.
Lighter compared to deeper isoflurane anaesthesia can affect recognition memory in male C57BL/6 mice
Authors: Ferreira Jorge M , Valentim Ana M 
Published: May 2019

AbstractConcerns have been raised about how deeply patients are anaesthetized, and the effects that different depths of anaesthesia may have after recovery. In order to study the anaesthetic drugs per se, and to eliminate the effect of clinical variables, several animal studies have been published. Isoflurane induced transient deficits on spatial memory at low concentrations, affecting the hippocampus. However, the influence of different concentrations of isoflurane on non-spatial memory still needs clarification. Thus, our aim was to study the effects of different depths of anaesthesia (1% and 2% isoflurane) on a non-spatial memory task, the object recognition test, in C57BL/6 adult mice.Twenty-eight 2-month-old C57BL/6 male mice were habituated to the test arena of the object recognition test for 10 min each day over 2 days before anaesthesia. Mice were then randomly allocated in different treatment groups: 1% or 2%, anaesthetized with 1% or 2% of isoflurane, respectively, for 1 h or the control group, which was not anaesthetised. Twenty-four hours after anaesthesia, the animals were placed in an arena with two identical objects and allowed to explore for 10 min-Sample Trial. One hour later, mice were allowed to explore the arena for 10 min in the presence of one of the objects presented in the previous trial (familiar object) and a novel object - Choice Trial. The time spent exploring each object was evaluated by a blinded analysis. The recognition of one object as familiar was detected based on a higher level of exploration of the novel object.Animals that were anaesthetized previously with 2% isoflurane performed at control levels, indicating the recognition of a familiar object in the object recognition task; this contrasted with the results of the group that was anaesthetized with 1% isoflurane.Lighter (1%) rather than deeper (2%) isoflurane anaesthesia may affect non-spatial memory in C57BL/6 male mice. Our results raise awareness of the need for careful consideration of the depth of anaesthesia used, especially the use of light isoflurane anaesthesia, which is often chosen to provide animal immobilization during non-invasive procedures.