bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Abundance–occupancy patterns in a riverine fish assemblage
Authors: Miranda Leandro E. , Killgore Kenneth J 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

The interspecific relationships between abundance and site occupancy have been widely studied in plants and animals, but principally in terrestrial systems. With few exceptions, a positive abundance–occupancy relationship has been reported. Few publications have included freshwater fish, possibly suggesting a general lack of abundance–occupancy patterns for this taxonomic group.

We examined the relationship between abundance and the extent of site occupancy by 145 species of freshwater fish, including nine non‐indigenous species, sampled over 85 sites spread across the Duck River Basin, Tennessee, U.S.A.

A distinct (r2 = 0.79) positive abundance–occupancy curve was observed, with curves differing relative to feeding and size guilds, but not relative to environmental tolerance, conservation status (i.e. listed/non‐listed), or origin (i.e. indigenous/non‐indigenous).

The patterns observed are consistent with those reported in many studies of terrestrial taxa.

The existence of positive abundance–occupancy relationships in stream fish has at least two major implications for fish conservation. First, species that decrease in occupancy due to anthropogenic disturbances are likely to decrease in abundance, facing inflated prospects for local extinction. Second, occupancy alone may be used to index community status and the need for, or success of, conservation activities.
Pulmonary function testing for the early detection of drug‐induced lung disease: a systematic review in adults treated with drugs associated with pulmonary toxicity
Authors: Bui Allan , Han Sangjin , Alexander Marliese , Toner Guy , Irving Lou , Manser Renee 
Published: October 2019

AbstractPulmonary function tests (PFT) are sometimes monitored during treatment with known pulmonary toxic drugs to detect asymptomatic drug‐induced interstitial lung disease (DILD). We conducted a systematic review to assess the accuracy of PFT, including the diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO), for early detection of DILD in a range of drugs. Using a pre‐specified, registered review protocol, OvidMEDLINE and EMBASE were searched from 1946 to February 2018. Two reviewers independently screened abstracts and reviewed full‐text articles for inclusion. Included studies were assessed for risk of bias using adapted QUADAS‐2 domains and primary outcome data were extracted and entered into RevMan5 to estimate sensitivity and specificity with 95% confidence intervals (CI). The search identified 4065 citations and included 42 studies. The most commonly studied drugs were bleomycin and amiodarone. Due to clinical heterogeneity between studies, a pooled analysis was not performed. Sensitivity of monitoring with DLCO varied between 0 and 100%, with the majority of studies finding a sensitivity of <80%. CI were wide for the majority of studies. Specificity was less than 90% in all studies. Risk of bias was high for the majority of studies for the quality domain of reference standard. The findings of this review do not support routine PFT for early detection of DILD. Due to methodological limitations, the relatively small number of participants and the low prevalence of DILD in the included studies, there remains significant uncertainty about the sensitivity of PFT to screen for DILD.
Perspectives of Registered Nurses on refugee healthcare in Lebanon and Jordan (PROfILE): A multi‐site cross‐sectional study protocol
Authors: Dhaini Suzanne R. , Dumit Nuhad , Honein‐Abouhaidar Gladys , Al Zaru Ibtisam M. , Gharaibeh Muntaha , Reynolds Nancy R. , Davidson Patricia M. , Nabulsi Dana 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAimThis is a study protocol to investigate nurses' perspectives on refugee health care in two countries. The aims are to: (a) explore self‐reported work environment factors, including work stressors, self‐rated leadership, staffing and resources adequacy, and teamwork among Jordanian and Lebanese nurses caring for refugees; (b) investigate the relationship between nurse related outcomes (physical health; emotional exhaustion) and their psychosocial work environment; and (c) assess the association between nurses' perceived work environment factors and implicit rationing of care and quality of patient care.BackgroundGlobally, the care of refugees is achieving increased attention. Over 6.3 million people are internally displaced and 4.8 million recorded Syrian expatriates are residing in and receiving healthcare services in the neighbouring host countries.DesignThis is a cross‐sectional, comparative study using a survey design.MethodThe study setting involves both private and public hospitals and primary healthcare centres that provide care to refugees on regular basis in Lebanon and Jordan. The estimated sample size includes 3,000 Registered Nurses from Lebanon and 2,500 nurses and midwives from Jordan.DiscussionWorkplace factors affecting quality of nursing care and psychosocial status of nurses caring for refugees will be identified. Potential findings will help leaders design interventions to support nurses who are serving refugees for safer care and better patient outcomes. Findings will assist in more efficient resource allocation and management.ImpactNew knowledge on the impact of providing health care for refugees will be generated based on the structure of nursing care (e.g., work environment), on the nursing process (e.g., implicit rationing of care), and nurse outcomes (health) in two hosting communities. Moreover, factors enabling resilience in patients, providers, and systems will be identified and be of potential use in addressing the growing global problem of caring for displaced persons.
The relationship between sleep–wake disturbances and frailty among older adults: A systematic review
Authors: Wai Joyce Lok‐Tung , Yu Doris Sau‐Fung 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAimTo examine the relationship between sleep–wake disturbances and frailty among older adults.DesignA systematic review.Data sourcesPeer‐reviewed and English‐written studies were sourced in CINAHL Complete, PsycINFO, Ovid‐Medline, and by hand searching from inception to December 2018.Review methodsThis review was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses. The Cochrane Collaboration Risk of Bias Tool was used to appraise the methodological quality. A quantitative meta‐analysis was not conducted due to the heterogeneous effect estimates statistics and measurements of sleep–wake disturbances. Instead, a narrative synthesis was carried out conforming to the Centre for Reviews and Dissemination's guidance.ResultsSix cross‐sectional studies and one longitudinal study were included in this review. There was consistent evidence on the association between perceived sleep quality and frailty among older adults; whereas the results for insomnia symptoms, excessive daytime sleepiness, and sleep–wake pattern were inconclusive.ConclusionDespite a comprehensive search, this review has identified limited research in this field of study. Nevertheless, this review has identified consistent evidence on the relationship between perceived sleep quality and frailty. Future rigorous research with more validated use of measurement tools are needed to explore whether insomnia symptoms, excessive daytime sleepiness, and sleep–wake pattern are related to frailty.ImpactDue to the indefinite role of sleep–wake disturbances in the pathophysiology of frailty, nearly all nurse‐led care programmes for frail older adults did not include any sleep‐related screening and interventions. Nevertheless, the consistent evidence on the association between poor sleep quality and higher risk of frailty shows the need of incorporating assessments and interventions for improving sleep quality in nurse‐led care programmes for frail older adults. Moreover, such evidence also generates casual hypothesis for future prospective longitudinal studies that explore the causality of this relationship.
Multiple domestication of swamp buffalo in China and South East Asia
Authors: Sun Ting , Wang Shaoqiang , Chanthakhoun Vongprasith , Dang Ruihua , Huang Yongzhen , Chen Hong , Lei Chuzhao 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe domestication of swamp buffalo (Bubalus bubalis carabanesis) has been discussed for years and still remained unclear. To obtain a better understanding of where, when and how the swamp buffaloes were domesticated, the complete mitochondrial DNA D‐loop sequences of 1,788 individuals from China, Vietnam, Laos, Thailand, Burma, Bangladesh and India were investigated. Our results revealed swamp buffalo with abundant genetic diversity. The lineage SA of swamp buffalo may be first domesticated in Lower Yangtze and then migrated following two different routes: one migrated along the Upper Yangtze to Southwest China (L1); the other migrated to Southeast China to Southeast Asia through Guangxi province (L2). During the migration process several later domestication events may be inspired in the Upper Yangtze (SB3), Southwest China and North of Southeast Asia (SB1 and SB2). In this study, we proposed a non‐independent multiple domestication pattern in swamp buffalo.
Sex biased individual variation in movement patterns of a highly mobile, near‐shore marine planktivore, the reef manta ray Mobula alfredi
Authors: Axworthy Jeremy B. , Smith Joseph M. , Wing Martina S. , Quinn Thomas P. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractWe examined individual variation and the role of sex on the movements of the reef manta ray Mobula alfredi. Specifically, we analysed several movement metrics using 6 years of nightly observations (1 January 2009–31 December 2014) of 118 individually identifiable manta rays at two discrete but spatially proximate sites, locally known as Manta Heaven and Manta Village, 15 km apart on the west side of the island of Hawaii, USA. Males were slightly more often (33.5%, model fitted mean, P < 0.05) observed than females at Manta Heaven, but females were much more often (156.4%, model fitted mean, P < 0.05) observed at Manta Village. Movement patterns among individuals varied greatly, but the level of variation was similar between sexes. Some animals, mainly females, displayed more resident patterns, whereas other, more mobile, animals moved between sites more frequently and had longer gaps between sightings. We did not detect discrete behavioural groups; rather, individuals varied along a continuous spectrum from many observations and high affinity to few observations and low fidelity to survey locations. These complex and variable movement patterns observed at the individual level, between sexes and between two nearby sites, in Hawaii's manta rays highlight the need for finer scale considerations in conservation and management of highly mobile marine populations.
Damage resistance and compressive properties of bulk maize kernels at varying pressing factors: Experiments and modeling
Authors: Su Yuan , Cui Tao , Zhang Dongxing , Xia Guoyi , Gao Xiaojun , He Xiaowei , Xu Yang 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe physical and mechanical properties of two maize cultivars, ZD 958 and SR 999, were determined. Compression testing of bulk corn kernels was performed using a universal compression testing machine and a transparent device with a plunger. The purpose of the research was to describe damage resistance and compression properties of bulk maize kernels by measuring the broken rate, deformation, deformation energy, volume energy, and hardness for different varying pressing factors. Moisture content levels of 12, 14, 17, 21, 25, and 31% were assayed for two corn varieties. The tested compression forces were 1,000, 1,500, 2,000, 2,500, 3,000, and 3,500 N. Three pressing vessels, 60, 80, and 100 mm in diameter, were used. The results showed that moisture content, pressing force, and vessel diameters created a significant effect on the values of broken rate, deformation, deformation energy, volume energy, and hardness (p < .01). The broken rate, deformation, and deformation energy increased with increases in moisture content and pressing force. The hardness increased with pressing force and vessel diameter, whereas decreased with the increase of moisture content. Linear regression models were described for bulk maize kernels deformation energy, volume energy, and hardness depending on moisture content, force, and vessel diameter.Practical applicationsMaize is one of the most versatile cereal crops of the word but has a wide application in food industries, pharmaceutical industry, and forage industries. The determination of the damage resistance and compressive properties such as deformation energy, volume energy, and hardness will help researchers and industrial process designers to design the process handling equipment, postharvest machinery, storage structures, processing equipment, and so forth, in the processing and manufacturing industries.
Macroprudential Policies in a Low Interest Rate Environment
Authors: RUBIO MARGARITA , YAO FANG 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIn this paper, we analyze the use of macroprudential policies in a low interest rate environment, where an occasionally binding zero lower bound (ZLB) constraint gives rise to aggregate demand externalities. We study this issue by using a dynamic stochastic general equilibrium (DSGE) model with financial frictions and a monetary policy rule that is subject to the ZLB. We find that, in a low interest rate environment, the occasionally binding ZLB creates additional scope for macroprudential intervention. When the interest rate is high and the two policies can perfectly coordinate, the optimal policy prescriptions behave as if they were independent. This is, however, no more the case, when the interest rate is low and/or when monetary policy and macroprudential policy cannot be perfectly coordinating. This more complex policy environment calls for more policy coordination.
Food allergy management in Early Childhood Education and Care Services in Australia
Authors: Hua Tonghuan , Sambell Ros , Wallace Ruth , Vale Sandra , Devine Amanda 
Published: October 2019

AimTo assess Australian Early Childhood Education and Care Services (ECEC) staff on their preparedness to manage children with food allergy (FA) and anaphylaxis.MethodsAn online survey addressing training, knowledge, skills and staff confidence to manage FA and anaphylaxis was emailed to 5956 ECEC services nationally (excluding Western Australia, where this survey had been previously implemented); 494 surveys were completed and analysed.ResultsOne in 10 (9.5%) ECEC services did not require staff to undertake anaphylaxis training, indicating non‐compliance with current legislation. Staff felt confident in managing FA and anaphylaxis, regardless of their level of training. Against recommendations, 37% of participating ECEC services stored adrenaline autoinjectors (AAI) in a locked location. Only 51.4% of ECEC services reported having an AAI trainer device. Victoria reported the highest level of anaphylaxis management training (P < 0.05), and staff were significantly less likely to store their AAI devices in a locked location compared to New South Wales and Queensland (P < 0.001). New South Wales and Queensland had a significantly lower proportion of services with AAI training devices than Victoria (P < 0.001).ConclusionsECEC staff self‐reported high levels of training, knowledge, skills and confidence in FA and anaphylaxis management. However, we identified gaps in staff knowledge and skills, particularly in how to correctly store and administer an AAI device. Compliance with appropriate FA and anaphylaxis policies and emergency response plans need to be prioritised.
Effects of myricetin-3-O-α-rhamnoside (myricitrin) treatment on urinary parameters of Wistar rats
Authors: Tenfen Adrielli , Mariano Luísa Nathália Bolda , Boeing Thaise , Cechinel-Zanchett Camile Cecconi , da Silva Luisa Mota , de Andrade Sérgio Faloni , de Souza Priscila , Cechinel-Filho Valdir 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Objectives
This study aimed to investigate the diuretic efficacy of myricetin-3-O-α-rhamnoside (myricitrin), a common naturally occurring plant-derived flavonoid, obtained from Marlierea eugeniopsoides (D.Legrand & Kausel) D.Legrand leaves in rats.

Methods
For that, female Wistar rats were treated by oral route with the different treatments and kept in metaboloic cages for 8-h or 24-h experiment. The volume and urinary parameters were measured at the end of the period and compared between groups.

Key findings
When orally given to rats and compared to the vehicle-treated group, myricitrin (0.3 and 1 mg/kg) was able to stimulate rat diuresis, natriuresis and kaliuresis. The combination myricitrin plus hydrochlorothiazide, but not plus furosemide or amiloride, potentiated the urinary volume when compared to the effects of drugs alone. Besides, the 8-h renal effects of myricitrin were prevented in the presence of a cyclooxygenase inhibitor and a muscarinic receptor antagonist. However, all groups treated with myricitrin showed a significant reduction in Cl− excretion. In addition, a reduction in the urinary excretion of Cl− and HCO3− was detected on 24-h analysis, a result that showed to be associated with an increase of these anions in the blood samples from the myricitrin-treated group. Despite these alterations, no changes in urinary or blood pH were detected.

Conclusions
Taking together, although the results of this study point to the diuretic potential of myricitrin, the reduction in urinary Cl− and HCO3− excretion should be considered in future approaches, as well as for therapeutic applicability.
Associations between neutering and early‐onset urinary incontinence in UK bitches under primary veterinary care
Authors: Pegram C. , Brodbelt D. C. , Church D. B. , Hall J. , Owen L. , Chang Y.‐M. , O'Neill D. G. 
Published: October 2019

ObjectivesTo investigate association between neutering and early‐onset urinary incontinence in bitches under primary veterinary care in the UK.Materials and MethodsA retrospective cohort study of bitches within VetCompass born between January 1, 2010 and December 31, 2012 that were followed until March 31, 2018. The clinical records were automatically searched and manually validated for incontinence cases. Incidence risk and rate over the study period were calculated. Cox regression modelling separately evaluated the hazard of urinary incontinence and association with neutering: (1) from the date of birth for all bitches, both neutered and entire; and, (2) from the date of neutering for the neutered subset. Other variables considered included breed, bodyweight and veterinary practice group.ResultsOverall, 492 bitches were identified with early‐onset urinary incontinence from a total of 72,971 included in the study period. Incidence risk was 0.68% (95% confidence intervals 0.62 to 0.74), while incidence rate increased with age. After accounting for confounding factors, increased hazard of early‐onset urinary incontinence was identified in: (1) neutered bitches, with the effect increasing with age; and, (2) bitches neutered before 6 months, within the first 2 years following neutering. In both models, increased hazard was additionally associated with increasing bodyweight and breed.Clinical SignificanceNeutering itself and early‐age neutering (<6 months) are major risk factors for early‐onset urinary incontinence. These results should be taken into account in making evidence‐based recommendations on neutering and its timing.
AcrB: a mean, keen, drug efflux machine
Authors: Kobylka Jessica , Kuth Miriam S. , Müller Reinke T. , Geertsma Eric R. , Pos Klaas M. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractGram‐negative bacteria are intrinsically resistant against cytotoxic substances by means of their outer membrane and a network of multidrug efflux systems, acting in synergy. Efflux pumps from various superfamilies with broad substrate preferences sequester and pump drugs across the inner membrane to supply the highly polyspecific and powerful tripartite resistance–nodulation–cell division (RND) efflux pumps with compounds to be extruded across the outer membrane barrier. In Escherichia coli, the tripartite efflux system AcrAB–TolC is the archetype RND multiple drug efflux pump complex. The homotrimeric inner membrane component acriflavine resistance B (AcrB) is the drug specificity and energy transduction center for the drug/proton antiport process. Drugs are bound and expelled via a cycle of mainly three consecutive states in every protomer, constituting a flexible alternating access channel system. This review recapitulates the molecular basis of drug and inhibitor binding, including mechanistic insights into drug efflux by AcrB. It also summarizes 17 years of mutational analysis of the gene acrB, reporting the effect of every substitution on the ability of E. coli to confer resistance toward antibiotics (http://goethe.link/AcrBsubstitutions). We emphasize the functional robustness of AcrB toward single‐site substitutions and highlight regions that are more sensitive to perturbation.
Function‐focused care programme for older people in Korean long‐term care facilities
Authors: Jung Dukyoo , Lee Hyesoon , Lee Minkyung 
Published: October 2019

AbstractPurposeThis study aimed to develop and test the effect of the Korean Function‐Focused Care Programme (K‐FFCP) on cognition and physical and psychological status in long‐term care facilities' (LTCs) residents.DesignA quasi‐experimental repeated‐measures design was used.MethodsThe K‐FFCP was developed to maintain and maximise functions of older people in LTCs. After implementing the K‐FFCP for six weeks, differences in the cognitive status, activities of daily living (ADL) performance, physical capability, grip strength, fear of falling, depression and anxiety status of the two groups were examined using repeated‐measures analysis of variance. Patient outcomes were evaluated at baseline and at 6 and 12 weeks after the intervention.ResultsIn the experimental group, a significant group–time interaction effect was reported for ADL performance and depression.ConclusionThe current findings provided evidence of its feasibility and indicated significant improvement in older people's functions using the K‐FFCP. Although this study is a pilot test, these results may confirm the importance of the K‐FFCP for the maintenance of ADL performance in older people in LTCs.
Robotic Bureaucracy: Administrative Burden and Red Tape in University Research
Authors: Bozeman Barry , Youtie Jan 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
This Viewpoint essay examines university research administration and the use of software systems that automate university research grants and contract administration, including the automatic sending of emails for reporting and compliance purposes. These systems are described as “robotic bureaucracy.” The rise of regulations and their contribution to administrative burden on university research have led university administrators to increasingly rely on robotic bureaucracy to handle compliance. This article draws on the administrative burden, behavioral public administration, and electronic communications and management literatures, which are increasingly focused on the psychological and cognitive bases of behavior. These literatures suggest that the assumptions behind robotic bureaucracy ignore the extent to which these systems shift the burden of compliance from administrators to researchers.