bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Molase dan Bioaktivator EM4 Terhadap Kadar Gula Pada Fermentasi Pupuk Organik Cair
Authors: Fahruddin Fahruddin , Sulfahri Sulfahri 
Published: July 2019

Bioslurry merupakan produk dari hasil pengolahan biogas berbahan kotoran ternak serta air melalui proses fermentasi anaerob, baik digunakan sebagai bahan baku pembuatan pupuk organik cair (POC) karena kaya akan unsur hara seperti nitrogen, fosfor dan material organik yang bernilai lainnya serta mampu memperbaiki sifat fisik tanah . Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh molase dan bioaktivator EM4 pada kadar kadar gula dalam fermentasi POC. Perlakuan meliputi PI molase 0% dan EM4 5%, P2 molase 2% dan EM4 5%, P3 molase 4% dan EM4 5%, P4 molase 0% dan EM4 10%, P5 molase 2% dan EM410%, dan P6 molase 4% dan EM4 10%. Pengukuran kadar gula dengan metode DNS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perbedaan konsentrasi molase yang terkandung di dalam POC berpengaruh terhadap kadar gula, sedangkan perbedaan penggunaan konsentrasi EM4 tidak berpengaruh terhadap beberapa parameter pengamatan seperti kadar gula. EM4 tidak berpengaruh terhadap kadar gula yang terkandung di dalam POC, sehingga persentase penggunaan EM4 pada POC tidak mengharuskan pada satu tingkatan saja. Namun, kadar gula berpengaruh nyata pada durasi fermentasi dan penggunaan molase pada POC.Kata kunci : molase, bioaktivator EM4, kadar gula, pupuk organik cair
HUBUNGAN KONDISI TERUMBU KARANG DENGAN KELIMPAHAN IKAN KARANG TARGET DI PERAIRAN PULAU TINABO BESAR, TAMAN NASIONAL TAKA BONERATE, SULAWESI SELATAN
Authors: Ghiffar Muhammad Albar , Irham Andi , Harahap Syawaludin A. , Kurniawaty Nia , Astuty Sri 
Published: July 2019

This research aims to understand the condition of coral reef (life coral), the abundance of reef target fishes, and the corellation between those two variables. This research has been conducted in Tinabo Besar Island with 6 sampling stations in 5-6 meter depth. Data collected are substrate cover precentage (life form), and the number of reef target fish appeared from 7 specified families (Serranidae, Lutjanidae, Haemulidae, Lethrinidae, Scaridae, Siganidae, and Acanthuridae) using Underwater Photo Transect (UPT) and Underwater Visual Census (UVC). Substrate cover analyzed using CPCe software with life coral, dead coral, algae, abiotic, and other biota cover output. Mortality Index (MI) obtained from the ratio of life coral and dead coral. The result shows that percentage of life coral coverlie between 11.87% to 38.80%, with dominance of Coral Masive (CM). It’s mean that the coral reef condition is in poor to moderate category. Coral death ratio is low with MI between 0.15 to 0.30. Reef target fish total abundance is 493 individual/2100m2 from 31 species, with dominance from Lutjanidae family (173 individual). The result shows positive and strong enough correlation between coral reef coverage and reef target fish abundance (r=0.65) with Determinantion Coefficient at 42.55%. Linear regression is y=-12.929+3.7562x, where in every addition of coral reef cover percentage, resulted in addition of 4 fishes.Keyword: life coral, abundance, reef target fish, correlation, Tinabo Besar Island
BED SEDIMENT DISTRIBUTION IN THE RIVER ESTUARY AND COASTAL SEA OF MALILI (SOUTH SULAWESI, INDONESIA)
Authors: Lanuru Mahatma , Yusuf Syafyudin 
Published: July 2019

Bed sediment characteristics and distribution is one of the important parameters in determining the management plan and utilization of estuarine and coastal waters. The objective of this study was to analyze sediment distribution and determine dominant oceanographic factors controlling the distribution of bed sediment in the river estuary and coastal sea of Malili. Sediment samples were collected using a grab sampler at ten stations, namely four stations in the river estuary and six stations in the adjacent coastal sea for grain size and sediment organic content analysis. The results showed that the bed sediment along the river estuary consisted of silt, very fine sand, fine sand, and medium sand with organic content varying from 1.31 to 7.18 %. In the coastal sea, bed sediment was dominated by silt with a higher organic content of 2.25 - 7.31%
The clinical features and prognosis of infective endocarditis in the elderly from 2007-2016 in a tertiary hospital in China
Authors: Wu Zhenzhu , Chen Yi , Xiao Tingting , Niu Tianshui , Shi Qingyi , xiao Yonghong 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background Infective endocarditis (IE) is a serious disease, with a worse prognosis in the elderly.
Aims To explore the clinical features and prognosis of old patients with IE in a tertiary hospital.
Methods A retrospective cohort study was conducted. A total of 407 patients diagnosed as IE were divided into two groups: 348 patients under 65 years old and 59 patients over 65 years old.
Results For older patients, clinical symptoms such as fever, anemia, and heart murmur were as common as in younger patients. Comorbidities like hypertension (P＜0.001) and diabetes (P=0.023) were more common in older patients. Complications like renal insufficiency (P=0.027) and arrhythmia (P＜0.001) were also more common in older patients. The old patients had a lower operation rate (40.7% vs 60.6%, P=0.004) and higher in-hospital mortality (20.3% vs 8.9%, P=0.008) compared with the younger patients. Pitt score ≥4 (P=0.043, OR=28.0, 95% CI 1.1-700.4) and renal insufficiency (P=0.011, OR=34.2, 95% CI 2.2-521.2) were independent risk factors of in-hospital mortality for older patients. Surgical treatment was a significant predictor of one-year mortality even after adjusting for the confounders (HR = 1.722, 95% CI 0.563-5.365, P = 0.005).The one-year survival rate was higher for older patients with surgical intervention than those without (95.8% vs 68.6%, P=0.007).
Conclusions IE in older patients present with more comorbidities and complications as well as a higher mortality than younger patients. Surgery were underused in old patients and old patients with surgical treatment had better long-term prognosis.
Lack of Impact of NPO Time on Goal-Directed Fluid Therapy Resuscitation in AM versus PM Case Starts: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Field R Ryan , Mai Tuan , Hanna Samouel , Harrington Brian , Calderon Michael-David , Rinehart Joseph 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background: Goal directed fluid therapy (GDFT) represents an objective fluid replacement algorithm. The effect of provider variability remains a confounder. Overhydration worsens perioperative morbidity and mortality; therefore, the impact of the calculated NPO deficit prior to the operating room may reach harm.
Methods: A retrospective single-institution study analyzed patients at UC Irvine Medical Center main operating rooms from September 1, 2013 through September 1, 2015 receiving GDFT. The primary study question asked if GDFT suggested different fluid resuscitation after different NPO periods, while reducing inter-provider variability. We created two patient groups distinguished by 0715 surgical start time or start time after 1200. We analyzed fluid administration totals with either a 1:1 crystalloid to colloid ratio or a 1:3 ratio. We performed direct group-wise testing on total administered volume expressed as total ml, total ml/hr, and total ml/kg/hr between the AM and PM groups. A linear regression model included all baseline covariates that differed between groups as well as plausible confounding factors for differing fluid needs. Finally, we combined all patients from both groups, and created NPO time to total administered fluid scatterplots to assess the effect of patient-reported NPO time on fluid administration.
Results: Whether reported by total administered volume or net fluid volume, and whether we expressed the sum as ml, ml/hr, or ml/kg/hr, the AM group received more fluid on average than the PM group in all cases. In the general linear models, for all significant independent variables evaluated, AM vs PM case start did not reach significance in both cases at p=0.64 and p=0.19, respectively. In scatterplots of NPO time to fluid volumes, absolute adjusted and unadjusted R2 values are < 0.01 for each plot, indicating virtually non-existent correlations between uncorrected NPO time and fluid volumes measured.
Conclusions: This study showed NPO periods do not influence a patient’s volume status just prior to presentation to the operating room for surgical intervention. We hope this data will influence the practice of providers routinely replacing calculated NPO period volume deficit; particularly with those presenting with later surgical case start times.
Protein extraction method of Metroxylon sagu leaf for high resolution two dimensional gel electrophoresis and comparative proteomics
Authors: Nisar Mehvish , Hussain Hasnain 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Objective
This study aimed to determine the best protein extraction method of Metroxylon sagu for the two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and the comparative analysis.

Results
To perform good proteome research, the most critical step is to establish a method that gives the best quality of extracted total proteins. To develop an optimized protein extraction protocol for two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2-DE) analysis of Metroxylon sagu, five protein extraction protocols were compared; polyethene glycol (PEG) fractionation method, SDS/phenol method, TCA/acetone method, combination SDS/phenol and TCA/acetone and imidazole method. The PEG fractionation method was found to give the most reproducible gels with the highest number of spots and highest protein concentration followed by SDS/Phenol method. The lowest number of spots were observed in Imidazole method. The PEG fractionation method provides improved resolution and reproducibility of two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2-DE) and reduces the time required to analyze samples. Partitioning rubisco by polyethene glycol (PEG) fractionation provides clearer detection of low-abundance protein. Hence the result from this study propose PEG fractionation as the effective protein extraction method for 2-DE proteomic studies of Metroxylon sagu.
Effectiveness of Music Therapy for Alleviating Pain During Shunt Punctures for Patients Undergoing Haemodialysis: A Multi-facility, Single-blind, Randomised Controlled Trial
Authors: Kishida Masatsugu , Yamada Yosuke , Inayama Emi , Kitamura Mineaki , Nishino Tomoya , Ota Keiko , Shintani Ayumi , Ikenoue Tatsuyoshi 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background
Repeated pain during shunt vessel punctures is a serious problem for haemodialysis patients, even when prescribed external analgesics. While some studies have observed the efficacy of music therapy for improving pain and anxiety, its effectiveness during vessel punctures during dialysis is uncertain. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of music therapy for pain when cannulating a shunt blood vessel for haemodialysis patients.
Methods
A prospective, multi-facility, single-blind, crossover, randomised controlled trial will be implemented. The intervention includes listening to Mozart, along with a white noise control condition. One hundred twenty haemodialysis patients will be enrolled across five facilities. Patients will be randomly allocated to either an Early-sequence group or a Later-sequence group. The Early-sequence group will receive puncture while listening to Mozart’s Sonata for 2 pianos in D major (K.448) during the second week (Music period) and white noise during the fourth week (White noise period). The Later-sequence group will receive puncture along with white noise first, followed by Mozart. All patients will also undergo puncture during a ‘no-sound period (only wearing headphones) during the first and third week (No-sound period). The music or no-music protocol will begin 8 minutes prior to the puncturing procedure, and participants will finish listening after starting haemodialysis during each period. The primary outcomes that will be assessed include the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) score for pain during puncture, and secondary outcomes such as blood pressure, heart rate, VAS anxiety score, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory score, and salivary amylase activity. The operator will be blind to each listening condition and VAS report.
Discussion
The proposed study has several methodological benefits. First, using white noise is a suitable control condition for addressing the role of sound on pain management. Additionally, using a crossover design with repeated measurements can help control individual differences between participants, which should better distinguish between- and within-participant variability. Overall, music therapy is a safe and inexpensive intervention that does not have the problematic side effects typically associated with pharmacological treatment. If effective, music therapy can be easily implemented for reducing pain and anxiety during cannulation.
Transarticular external fixation versus deltoid ligament repair in treating SER IV ankle fractures: a comparative study
Authors: Li Bohua , Wang Shanxi , Zhang Zhengdong , Yang Hai , Li Jun , Li Qin , LIU Lei 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background
The topic that whether the injured deltoid ligament should be repaired when associated with ankle joint fractures is still discussed. The objective of this study was to compare the clinical effect of open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) with or without deltoid ligament repair (DLR) in treating supination-external rotation type IV (SER IV) ankle fractures.
Methods
Between January 2012 and December 2015, 43 patients were diagnosed as SER IV ankle fractures, 20 underwent ORIF and transarticular external fixation (TEF) without DLR (group 1), 23 were treated with ORIF and DLR (group 2). The pre- and post-operative radiographic examination were performed, the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) ankle-hindfoot score, the visual analog scale (VAS), the Medical Outcomes Short Form 36-item questionnaire score (SF-36), and the ankle range of motion (ROM) were used for functional evaluation.
Results
In both groups, the three scores improved significantly after surgery, but there was no significant difference between the two groups. At 6 weeks after surgery, patients in group 2 had better ankle ROM than group 1 (29.35 ± 2.033 vs. 40.35 ± 3.550, P < 0.001), but there was no difference at 12 months postoperatively. No cases of bone nonunion or post-traumatic arthritic changes were seen during the follow-up. Patients in group 1 required a shorter time to achieve fracture union than patients in group 2.
Conclusions
ORIF with TIF is an optional strategy to manage SER IV ankle fractures as it achieves comparable functional results to ORIF with DLR. It also allows patients to start relatively earlier weight-bearing and may promote fracture union.
Feasibility and Evaluation of a Large-Scale External Validation Approach for Patient-Level Prediction in an International Data Network
Authors: Reps Jenna Marie , Williams Ross , You Seng Chan , Falconer Thomas , Minty Evan , Callahan Alison , Ryan Patrick B , Park Rae Woong , Rijnbeek Peter 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Objective
To demonstrate how the Observational Healthcare Data Science and Informatics (OHDSI) collaborative network and standardization can be utilized to externally validate patient-level prediction models at scale.

Materials & Methods
Five previously published prognostic models (ATRIA, CHADS2, CHADS2VASC, Q-Stroke and Framingham) that predict future risk of stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation were replicated using the OHDSI frameworks and a network study was run that enabled the five models to be externally validated across nine datasets spanning three countries and five independent sites.

Results
The five existing models were able to be integrated into the OHDSI framework for patient-level prediction and their performances in predicting stroke within 1 year of initial atrial fibrillation diagnosis for females were comparable with existing studies. The validation network study took 60 days once the models were replicated and an R package for the study was published to collaborators at https://github.com/OHDSI/StudyProtocolSandbox/tree/master/ExistingStrokeRiskExternalValidation.

Discussion
This study demonstrates the ability to scale up external validation of patient-level prediction models using a collaboration of researchers and data standardization that enable models to be readily shared across data sites. External validation is necessary to understand the transportability and reproducibility of prediction models, but without collaborative approaches it can take three or more years to be validated by one independent researcher.

Conclusion
In this paper we show it is possible to both scale-up and speed-up external validation by showing how validation can be done across multiple databases in less than 2 months.
Development and preliminary validation of a brief Nurses' Perceived Professional Benefit Questionnaire (NPPBQ)
Authors: HU Yanli , HU Jing , Li Liping , ZHAO Bin , LIU Xiaohong , Li Fan 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Objective

To develop and psychometrically test a brief Nurses' Perceived Professional Benefit Questionnaire (NPPBQ).

Design

A cross-sectional study.

Methods

After expert consultation and nurse interviews, a primary questionnaire was developed for exploratory factor analysis(EFA). Seventeen items NPPBQ were used for a verification of content validity and the theorized factor structure using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The NPPBQ’s concurrent validity was evaluated. Three samples with nurses were collected in Shanghai, Hangzhou and Nanjing between November 2017-August 2018.

Results

The results of EFA and CFA verified five dimensions of nurses’ occupational benefit discovery. The results demonstrated adequate internal consistency of the NPPBQvand its fully consistent with theorized factor structure. This 5-factor solution explaining adequate percent of the total variance was supported. The Cronbach’s alpha for each dimension of the NPPBQ was good. Concurrent validity with every aspect of the MBI showed significant correlation.

Conclusions

The results suggests that the NPPBQ is a psychometrically sound measure for evaluating perceived professional benefits in a wide range of nurses.
Chinese herbal medicine Tangshen Formula Treatment For Type 2 Diabetic Kidney Disease in Early Stage : study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Jin De , Huang Wen-Jing , Meng Xiang , Yang Fan , Bao Qi , Zhang Mei-zhen , Yang Ya-nan , Lian Feng-Mei , Ni Qing , Tong Xiao-Lin 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Abstract
Background: Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is the main cause of end stage kidney disease(ESKD) and It has become a heavy economic and social burden due to its high prevalence and morbidity. However, the current therapies for DKD are not entirely perfect. The most effective strategy is that patients with DKD should be diagnosed and treated early. Preliminary studies showed the Chinese herbal Tangshen Formula(TSF) may delay the progression of DKD, reducing micro-and macro-albuminuria, improving renal function. This trial was conducted to assess the effectiveness and safety of TSF used in combination with conventional treatment.
Methods/design: We are implementing a randomized, placebo-controlled, multicenter, clinical trial as a means of evaluating the effectiveness and safety of TSF. 623 participants will be randomized in a 1:1 ratio to an experiment group (TSF plus Losartan) and a control group (placebo plus Losartan). The trial cycle lasts 24 weeks. The primary outcome will be changes in ACR from baseline to 24 weeks between the two groups and ACR will be compared at baseline and treatment endpoint in each group. The secondary outcome will be changes in the ratio of progression into the clinical proteinuria period after intervention, Urine micro albumin negative conversion rate, the ratio of normal urinary micro albumin, doubling rate of baseline creatinine value and GFR between the two groups. Safety in medication will also be evaluated.

Discussion: We hypothesize that type 2 diabetic patients in early stage of DKD will benefit from TSF. If successful, this study will provide an evidence-based complementary remedies for delaying the progression of DKD.

Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03009864)

Keywords: Diabetes Kidney Disease, Traditional Chinese medicine, Treatment, Clinical trials，Randomized controlled trial
Designing a novel pre-hospital treatment decision model based on transcranial ultrasound and clinical assessment for patients with suspected acute stroke: exploratory study
Authors: Antipova Daria , Eadie Leila , Shannon Helen , Wilson Philip , Macaden Ashish 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background and objectives

Earlier initiation of reperfusion therapy for patients with acute ischaemic stroke is associated with better outcomes. The current exploratory study presents a planned interim analysis aiming to validate a theoretical treatment decision model to select subjects who could benefit from early thrombolysis and/or direct transfer for mechanical thrombectomy.

Methods

Consecutive subjects suspected of having suffered a stroke within the last 72 hours were recruited. Transcranial grey-scale and Doppler ultrasonography was performed within 24 hours of brain computed tomography. The National Institutes of Health Stroke score (NIHSS), modified Rankin Score and medical history were collected retrospectively. Hospital discharge diagnosis was used as the gold standard. Comparative analyses were performed to identify variables that could assist in designing the treatment decision model. Sensitivity, specificity, positive (PPV) and negative predictive values (NPV) were calculated.

Results

Among a total number of 50 recruited patients, 27 had a final diagnosis of ischaemic stroke, including 10 cases with large vessel occlusion (LVO). Stroke patients were more likely to be older (p=0.03) and to have NIHSS total score ≥9 (p=0.021). NIHSS ≥4 (p=0.032), atrial fibrillation (p=0.033) and cortical signs (p=0.005) were significant indicators of LVO.

The proposed model based on grey-scale/Doppler findings and clinical assessment showed 77% sensitivity and 92% specificity (77% PPV, 92% NPV) for making a decision to initiate reperfusion therapy. Ultrasound findings improved the performance of a model based on clinical data alone (50% sensitivity, 89% specificity, 64% PPV, 82% NPV).

Subjects with a stroke mimicking condition were more likely to have been given reperfusion therapy inappropriately using this model, but no subjects with haemorrhage would have received intravenous thrombolysis. Insufficient acoustic window was seen in approximately 40% of included participants.

Conclusions

The proposed treatment decision model might potentially be used for selecting subjects with ischaemic stroke who would benefit from early initiation of reperfusion therapy or immediate transfer for endovascular intervention. A larger sample is required to establish performance of the model with an acceptable degree of precision.