bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Postoperative adjuvant therapy for resectable early non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Chai Tianci , Zhang Peipei , Lin Yuhan , Zhang Zhenyang , Lin Wenwei , Kang Mingqiang , Lin Jiangbo 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Background:
Lung cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors, and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for about 85% of lung cancer diagnosed. For patients with resectable early stage non-small cell lung cancer, routine postoperative adjuvant therapy can significantly prolong overall patient survival and reduce the risk of cancer recurrence. With the emergence and maturity of molecular targeted therapy and immunotherapy, the postoperative chemotherapy strategy of lung cancer patients has changed a lot. To evaluate the efficacy of postoperative adjuvant therapy (platinum-based chemotherapy, platinum-based chemotherapy plus molecular targeted therapy, platinum-based chemotherapy plus anti-angiogenic agents, or platinum-based chemotherapy plus immunotherapy) with or without radiotherapy for patients with NSCLC, we will conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of the published or unpublished relevant randomized controlled trials.

Methods:
We will search PubMed (Medline), Embase, Google Scholar, Cancerlit, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials for related studies published without language restrictions before June 20, 2019. Two review authors will search and assess relevant studies independently. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and quasi-RCTs studies will be included. We will perform subgroup analysis in different methods of postoperative adjuvant therapy for patients with resectable early NSCLC. Because this study will be based on published or unpublished records and studies, there is no need for ethics approval.

Results:
The results of this study will be published in a peer-reviewed journal.

Conclusion:
This study will comprehensively compare the efficacy of platinum-based chemotherapy with that of molecular targeted therapy and immunotherapy for patients after surgery with resectable early NSCLC. Since large-sample randomized trials meeting the inclusion criteria of this study may be insufficient, we will consider incorporating some high-quality small-sample-related trials, which may lead to high heterogeneity and affect the reliability of the results.
The safety and efficacy of dorsal penile nerve block for premature ejaculation
Authors: Sun Song , Han Liang , Li Yufeng , Yu Xudong , Bao Binghao , Zhou Hong , Gong Ziqi 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Background:
Premature ejaculation is a common sexual dysfunction disease in adult males. There are many clinical trials shown that dorsal penile nerve block can prolong the ejaculation latency to a certain extent in the vagina. In this study, we aim to use a meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy and safety of dorsal penile nerve block for premature ejaculation.

Methods and analysis:
We will search for PubMed, Cochrane Library, AMED, EMbase, WorldSciNet, Nature, Science online and China Journal Full-text Database (CNKI), China Biomedical Literature CD-ROM Database (CBM), and related randomized controlled trials included in the China Resources Database. The time is limited from the construction of the library to February 2019. The quality of the included RCTs will be evaluated with the risk of bias (ROB) tool and evidence will be evaluated by GRADE. Data analysis will be used the special software like RevMan (version 5.3) and EndNote X7.

Results:
The results of this meta-analysis will be submitted to a peer-reviewed journal for publication.

Ethics and dissemination:
This systematic review will evaluate the efficacy and safety of dorsal penile nerve block for premature ejaculation. Because all of the data used in this systematic review and meta-analysis has been published, this review does not require ethical approval. Furthermore, all data will be analyzed anonymously during the review process Trial.

Trial registration number
PROSPERO CRD42019119691
An unusual cause of idiopathic megacolon in a juvenile
Authors: Liu Yinghua , Lv Zhibao , Xu Weijue , Liu Jiangbin , Huang Xiong 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Rationale:
Idiopathic megacolon (IMC) is a rare condition in young children. The association of indigestible food and IMC has never been mentioned in literature.

Patient concerns:
An 11-year-old boy reported with a 1-year duration of intermittent constipation and abdominal distension after having eaten a large amount of fried sticky rice in 1 consumption.

Diagnoses:
Chronic low colonic obstruction, IMC and malnutrition.

Interventions:
This patient was managed conservatively for 1 week at first. Then he underwent loop ileostomy since conservative therapy was poorly tolerated. Enteral decompression, gut biopsy, peritoneal lavage, and drainage were performed in the same procedure.

Outcomes:
Rapid weight gain was observed 4 months after operation.

Lessons:
IMC is difficult to diagnose due to the lack of specific clinical manifestations and pathological features. The protocols for management of IMC remains controversial. To achieve a good long-term outcome, early intervention is recommended.
Small bowel perforation secondary to foreign body ingestion mimicking acute appendicitis
Authors: Ma Tantan , Zheng Wentao , An Beiying , Xia Yan , Chen Geng 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Rationale:
Foreign body ingestion is often encountered in clinical practice; however, intestinal perforation owing to foreign body ingestion is rare.

Patient concerns:
Here, we present the cases of 2 patients who accidentally swallowed foreign bodies and later presented with pain in the right lower abdominal quadrant.

Diagnoses:
Both patients were initially diagnosed with acute appendicitis and underwent immediate emergency laparotomy.

Interventions:
During the operation, the appendix was found to be only mildly inflamed. On transection of the appendix, the mucosa was found to be inflamed, and yellow-white exudate was noted. We, therefore, decided to explore the entire bowel. The bowel examination revealed small bowel perforations, and palpation of the adjacent bowel revealed a hard, sharp object. The object was removed through the perforation site, the perforation was repaired, and the abdomen was closed in layers.

Outcome:
The postoperative recovery, in both cases, was uneventful.

Lessons:
Patients who swallow sharp or large foreign bodies should undergo endoscopy as soon as possible to avoid intestinal perforation. Clinicians should inquire about a history of foreign body ingestion. The preoperative diagnosis of intestinal perforation secondary to foreign body ingestion requires a high degree of clinical suspicion and awareness.
Reactive lymphoid hyperplasia of the liver
Authors: Zhang Wenyan , Zheng Shusen 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Rationale:
Reactive lymphoid hyperplasia (RLH) of the liver is an uncommon benign lesion. It is usually difficult to differentiate from hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), peripheral-type cholangiocellular carcinoma (CCC), combined HCC-CCC, and liver metastases. On account of its rarity and controversial issues, we report a case report and review the literature to discuss its clinical features, treatments, radiological, and immunohistochemical characteristics.

Patient concerns:
A 54-year-old woman had a history of primary biliary cirrhosis and chronic cholecystitis. She complained of finding a lesion in the right liver during her last medical check-up by abdominal B type ultrasound. The Contrast-enhanced computed tomography revealed a circular and low-density lesion in the right posterior lobe of the liver, approximately 22.0 × 18.7 mm in size. On magnetic resonance imaging, the lesion showed low-signal intensity on T1-weighted images and high signal intensity on T2-weighted images. Laboratory test results were almost normal.

Diagnosis:
After the postoperative pathological and immunohistochemical examination, the patient was finally diagnosed as having RLH.

Interventions:
The patient received right posterior lobe hepatectomy and cholecystectomy.

Outcomes:
The patient was discharged 11 days after surgery. No evidence of recurrence was noted 1 year after the surgery.

Lessons:
Although RLH of the liver is rare, it is necessary to be considered in a liver lesion, especially in female patients. This case report may advance the understanding of RLH of the liver and reduce the number of mistakenly diagnosed patients.
Retrospective evaluation of the efficacy and safety of rivaroxaban in patients with cancer-associated venous thromboembolism
Authors: Oh Sang-Bo , Seol Young-Mi , Kim Hyo-Jeong , Choi Young-Jin 
Published: July 2019

Abstrct
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of rivaroxaban for the treatment of cancer-associated venous thromboembolism (VTE).
We performed a retrospective chart review of cancer patients with a pulmonary embolism, deep vein thrombosis, or both. Our analysis included all patients who received rivaroxaban from March 2013 to June 2016 at the Hemato-Oncology Division at the Pusan National University Hospital in Korea.
Preliminary results identified 123 patients with a history of cancer that were treated with rivaroxaban. The average duration of rivaroxaban therapy was 95.25 days. While 35 patients had resolved VTE after the initiation of rivaroxaban, only one patient had it recur on rivaroxaban treatment. Major bleeding was observed in 6 (4.9%) patients and minor bleeding in 12 (9.8%) patients. The majority of bleeding events occurred spontaneously and most incidences of bleeding could be treated conservatively. Recurrence and major bleeding events on rivaroxaban were relatively low despite the fact that many patients had metastatic disease. Among 52 patient deaths (42.3%), none were due to VTE or bleeding complications; the cause of death in the majority of cases was cancer progression.
Rivaroxaban is effective and safe for the treatment of cancer-associated VTE.
Massive esophageal bleeding in long-standing achalasia complicated by esophageal carcinoma and aspirin-induced stasis ulcer
Authors: Cho Joon Hyun 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Rationale:
Esophageal hemorrhage may occasionally develop subsequent to esophagitis and stasis ulcer, but potentially fatal esophageal bleeding is very uncommon in primary achalasia.

Patient concerns:
We describe a case of a 64-year-old man with long-standing achalasia and megaesophagus who presented acute episodes of life-threatening upper gastrointestinal bleeding.

Diagnoses and interventions:
Five esophagogastroduodenoscopies (EGD) were conducted and during each large amount of static food, bloody material, and clots should be removed from the esophagus because of impaired esophageal transit. Eventually, diffuse multiple irregular ulcers were observed in the middle and lower portions of the esophagus that were presumed to have been caused by aspirin stasis based on considerations of previous drug use. EGD also revealed a 2.0 × 2.5 cm flat nodular lesion with central ulceration at the mid-to-lower esophagus and adherent blood clots suggestive of bleeding stigma. The biopsy specimen demonstrated esophageal cancer. Accordingly, a diagnosis of massive esophageal hemorrhage in long-standing achalasia complicated by squamous cell carcinoma, possibly triggered by acute mucosal irritation and ulcer caused by aspirin stasis, was made. The patient then successfully underwent the Ivor-Lewis operation. Resultantly, the tumor was diagnosed as moderately differentiated squamous cell carcinoma stage IIA (T2N0M0).

Outcomes:
The patient's postoperative course was uneventful, and no evidence of tumor recurrence or metastasis has been found during the 6 months of follow-up examination. He was tolerating normal food with only minimal reflux symptoms.

Lessons:
Although, fortunately in the described case, esophageal cancer was diagnosed at a relatively early stage because it is the acute presentation of life-threatening upper gastrointestinal bleeding, this report cautions that when symptoms of dysphagia are aggravated, taking drugs capable of acting as local irritants, such as aspirin, could cause fatal esophageal hemorrhage in achalasia.
MiR-520f acts as a biomarker for the diagnosis of lung cancer
Authors: Zhou Yingyan , Shen Shimo 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Lung cancer is a malignant tumor with high morbidity and mortality. Early diagnosis remains a great challenge for the cancer. In this study, we aimed to explore diagnostic performance of serum microRNA-520f (miR-520f) in lung cancer.
Serum specimens were collected from 139 lung cancer patients and 76 healthy volunteers. Relative expression level of serum miR-520f was detected adopting quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Chi-square test was applied to evaluate the association of miR-520f with clinical parameters of the patients. Additionally, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed to evaluate diagnostic value of miR-520f in lung cancer.
Serum miR-520f was down-regulated in lung cancer patients compared with healthy group (P <.001). Moreover, the expression of miR-520f was significantly associated with advanced TNM stage (P = .031) and metastasis (P = .002). The area under the curve (AUC) value of ROC curve was 0.888, suggesting that miR-520f could be a diagnostic biomarker for lung cancer. The cut-off value of serum miR-520f for lung cancer diagnosis was 1.815, with a sensitivity of 79.9% and a specificity of 84.2%.
Serum miR-520f was down-regulated in lung cancer patients, and may be a candidate biomarker for non-invasive screening of the disease.
The effect on congenital heart diseases of maternal EPHX1 polymorphisms modified by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons exposure
Authors: Tao Jing , Li Nana , Liu Zhen , Deng Ying , Li Xiaohong , Chen Ming , Yu Jing , Zhu Jun , Yu Ping , Wang Yanping 
Published: July 2019

AbstractPolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) may be 1 of etiologic factors responsible for congenital heart diseases (CHDs). Variations of the microsomal epoxide hydrolase (EPHX1) gene, as well as their possible interactions with PAHs exposure, may increase susceptibility to CHDs.This case–control study investigated the risk of CHDs in relation to theEPHX1polymorphisms and assessed the interactions between these polymorphisms and PAHs exposure in 357 mothers of CHDs fetuses and 270 control mothers. Logistic regression models for the risk of CHDs were applied to determine the effect of genetic polymorphisms using additive, recessive, and dominant genetic models, as well as gene-exposure interactions. Multiple testing was adjusted by applying the false discovery rate (FDR).None of the maternal genetic polymorphisms ofEPHX1was associated with CHDs occurrence. Only the single nucleotide polymorphism rs1051740 was associated with an increased risk of right-sided obstructive malformations under the recessive model (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.852, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.065, 3.22) before FDR correction. A possible modifying effect of PAHs exposure on genetic polymorphisms ofEPHX1was found in susceptibility to CHDs, though no multiplicative-scale interactions between maternal exposure to PAHs and polymorphisms ofEPHX1gene were seento affect the risk of CHDs.The role ofEPHX1gene polymorphisms for CHDs need to be further evaluated, in particularly by interacting with PAHs exposure.
Association between red cell distribution width-to-platelet ratio and hepatic fibrosis in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Zhou Wen-Jie , Yang Jing , Zhang Ge , Hu Zheng-Qiang , Jiang Yong-Mei , Yu Fan 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Background:
We aimed to assess the association between red cell distribution width-to-platelet ratio (RPR) and hepatic fibrosis in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

Methods:
The 388 subjects fulfilling the diagnostic criteria of Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Red cell distribution, platelet, and other clinical and laboratory parameters were measured.

Results:
NAFLD patients with advanced fibrosis had significantly higher RPR than those without fibrosis (P < .001). Spearman correlation analysis showed that RPR were significantly correlated with age, sex, creatinine, hemoglobin, white blood cell, and advanced fibrosis (all with P < .05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that RPR was an independent factor predicting advanced fibrosis (fibrosis-4 calculator ≥1.3) in NAFLD patients (OR: 5.718, 95%CI: 3.326–9.830, P < .001).

Conclusions:
Our findings suggested that RPR were significantly associated with advanced fibrosis in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease patients.
Noninvasive diagnosis of hereditary transthyretin-related cardiac amyloidosis
Authors: Qin Jin , Zhan Chenao , Li Haojie , Han Yunfeng , Wang Hong , Li Rui , Ma Fei , Yan Jiangtao 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Rationale:
Cardiac transthyretin amyloidosis is a progressive and fatal cardiomyopathy for which several promising therapies are in development. The diagnosis is frequently delayed or missed because of the limited specificity of clinical manifestations, routine electrocardiogram, echocardiography and the traditional requirement for endomyocardial biopsy confirmation.

Patient concerns:
A 68-year-old female had suffered from lumbago for 5 years with progressive weakness, numbness in both lower limb.

Diagnosis:
The patient's clinical signs were not specific, but cardiac amyloidosis was suspected based on relative left ventricular apical sparing of longitudinal strain on echocardiography and continuous elevated serum levels of cardiac biomarkers (ultrasensitive cardiac troponin I and NT-proBNP). She was finally diagnosed hereditary transthyretin-related cardiac amylodosis by specific findings of cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (CMR), 99m-technetium pyrophosphate (99mTc-PYP) scintigraphy and genetic testing.

Interventions:
The patient received medications including diuretics, beta-blockers and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors at the time of hospitalization. Ultimately, however, she refused further treatments and requested discharge from our hospital.

Outcomes:
A series of noninvasive technique enables the diagnosis of hereditary transthyretin-related cardiac amyloidosis.

Lessons:
While endomyocardial biopsy is not able to performed, this case demonstrates that a combination of noninvasive techniques, especially CMR, nuclear imaging, and genetic testing, may help us to make a correct diagnosis of hereditary transthyretin-related cardiac amyloidosis.
Multiple myeloma with onset of pancreas involvement
Authors: Wang Xin , Xie Huaiya , Zhang Lu 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Rationale:
Multiple myeloma is the second most common hematological malignancy. Extramedullary involvement is one of the indicators of poor prognosis. There is no consensus in treatment options and the efficacy. This article reports a case of multiple myeloma with onset of pancreas involvement. Amyloidosis secondary to multiple myeloma and a partial response to the chemotherapy treatment further emphasized its rarity.

Patient concerns:
In this article, we report a 59-year-old male patient with a chief complaint of fatigue for 8 months and upper abdominal pain for 2 months.

Diagnosis:
The patients were diagnosed as amyloidosis secondary to multiple myeloma with pancreatic occupying (head–neck junction area) lesion based on laboratory examination and pathology from lymph node puncture and skin biopsy.

Interventions:
An intensive chemotherapy treatment as bortezomib, lenalidomide, dexamethasone, cisplatin, epirubicin, cyclophosphamide, and etoposide was given. Due to intolerance, treatment regimen was further adjusted to bortezomib, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone.

Outcomes:
The patient was 12 months alive. After 4 cycles of chemotherapy, a partial response was achieved and abdominal magnetic resonance imaging suggested a reduced pancreatic occupying lesion.

Lessons:
This case demonstrates that pancreatic involvement, digestive system neoplasm, and amyloidosis-related clinical features may be the earliest manifestations of multiple myeloma. For these patients, an intensive chemotherapy regimen may be a possible treatment approach.
Cryopreserved amniotic membrane and umbilical cord particulate matrix for partial rotator cuff tears
Authors: Ackley J. Freeland , Kolosky Michael , Gurin Danielle , Hampton Robert , Masin Richard , Krahe David 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Amniotic membrane (AM) and umbilical cord (UC) are well known to have anti-inflammatory properties and have been shown to promote healing in various orthopedic indications. This study investigated whether intra-articular injection of AM/UC particulate matrix promotes healing of partial rotator cuff tears (RCTs).
A case series was performed on 10 patients that received injection of 50 mg AM/UC for partial RCTs that were refractory to conservative treatment. Outcomes included Penn Shoulder Score (PSS) questionnaire, range of motion examination, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) analysis before and at 6 months. Final MRI analysis was performed by a musculoskeletal radiologist in a blinded fashion.
Average PSS score (out of 100) increased from 46.8 ± 23.7 at baseline to 82.0 ± 19.1 at 6 months. The average PSS sub-scores of pain, satisfaction, and function increased 78.4%, 37.1%, and 82.3% from baseline, respectively. The subject's range of motion was 77.9% at baseline and increased to 99.9% at 6-months. Follow-up MRI scans did not demonstrate any significant change in RCT size. No adverse events were noted.
This small case series provides preliminary data for use of cryopreserved AM/UC particulate matrix in patients with refractory partial RCTs.
Poorly controlled type 2 diabetes with no progression of diabetes-related complications and low levels of advanced glycation end products
Authors: Nakamura Tomoka , Tsujimoto Tetsuro , Yasuda Kazuki , Chujo Daisuke , Ohsugi Mitsuru , Tanabe Akiyo , Ueki Kohjiro , Kajio Hiroshi 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Rationale:
Previous studies have suggested that increased levels of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and soluble receptor for AGE (sRAGE) are associated with diabetes-related complications. However, there is little evidence on the association between long-term levels of AGEs and sRAGE and progression of diabetes-related complications.

Patient concerns:
A 64-year-old man had poorly controlled type 2 diabetes, obesity, smoking, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. He had many risk factors for diabetes-related complications.

Diagnosis:
Despite poor glycemic control over 15 years, the patient did not exhibit diabetes-related complications.

Interventions:
We examined serum AGEs (CEL and MG-H1) and sRAGE levels in this patient over the past 10 years.

Outcomes:
The patient maintained low serum AGEs and sRAGE levels.

Lessons:
AGEs and sRAGE levels may be associated with long-term development of diabetes-related complications.