bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tournois séquentiels et compétition pour la prime d’excellence scientifique
Authors: Kossi Yann 
Published: October 2018

Cet article étudie les déterminants de l’obtention de la Prime d’excellence scientifique des enseignants-chercheurs français en économie. Il s’intéresse notamment à la dimension dynamique de cette forme particulière de compétition académique mise en place depuis 2009. Quatre activités ont été retenues pour l’évaluation des candidats : l’encadrement doctoral, le rayonnement, les responsabilités scientifiques et les publications. Une typologie des trajectoires dynamiques et des issues de ce tournoi est identifiée. Si nos résultats confirment le rôle majeur des publications scientifiques dans l’obtention de la PES, ils permettent également d’identifier les facteurs de découragement.
Le Comité de bienfaisance israélite de Paris
Authors: Aboulker Marie 
Published: October 2018

Le Comité de Bienfaisance Israélite de Paris constitue, à la fin du XIX e siècle, le bras armé des institutions juives parisiennes en matière de charité, s’occupant de secourir les pauvres de confession juive de la capitale. L’étude de l’évolution de la composition du conseil d’administration du Comité entre 1887 et 1904 montre comment celui-ci s’ouvre progressivement au-delà des limites strictement confessionnelles : les activités professionnelles des membres se diversifient et ils sont plus dispersés sur le plan géographique, quittant les quartiers juifs parisiens « traditionnels » au profit de nouveaux quartiers de résidence bourgeoise. Alors que nombre de ses membres adhèrent à des œuvres de bienfaisance hors de la sphère religieuse et que ses dirigeants participent au Congrès international d’assistance publique et de bienfaisance privée de 1900, le Comité de bienfaisance voit ses méthodes rationalisées et laïcisées, prenant en charge de nouveaux objets et s’alignant progressivement sur les pratiques encouragées par les organisateurs de la charité parisienne.
La substitution pénale
Authors: Rémy Gérard 
Published: October 2018

Le hasard n’est pas étranger au constat d’un recours de Luther et de Bossuet à des références scripturaires sensiblement identiques, en particulier Ga 3, 13, pour justifier et illustrer l’universalité et la variété des péchés endossés par le Christ chargé de les expier, à titre de substitut pénal. Mais alors que Luther lie cette thèse à celle de la justification par la foi et voit dans le Christ le lieu d’un combat entre son innocence victorieuse et le péché assumé, Bossuet, prédicateur, se plaît à charger le Christ des souffrances les plus atroces par lesquelles le Père se venge de nos fautes assumées par lui. Quel crédit accorder au thème de la substitution pénale ? Il appelle bien des réserves à adapter à chacun de ces deux modèles. Serait-il à ranger dans le domaine des dérives d’une certaine théologie périmée ? Le renouveau qu’il a connu, parrainé par des théologiens contemporains de renom, ne lève pas son ambiguïté : le Christ ayant agi à notre place, serions-nous dispensés de coopérer ?
Fixed points and coupled fixed points in partially ordered ν-generalized metric spaces
Authors: Abtahi Mortaza , Kadelburg Zoran , Radenovic Stojan 
Published: October 2018

<p>New fixed point and coupled fixed point theorems in partially ordered ν-generalized metric spaces are presented. Since the product of two ν-generalized metric spaces is not in general a ν-generalized metric space, a different approach is needed than in the case of standard metric spaces.</p>
Impact of Multiple Sclerosis Project ECHO (Extension for Community Healthcare Outcomes) on Provider Confidence and Clinical Practice
Authors: Alschuler Kevin N. , Stobbe Gary A. , Hertz Deborah P. , Johnson Kurt L. , von Geldern Gloria , Wundes Annette , Reynolds Piper , Unruh Kent , Scott John D. 
Published: October 2018

Abstract

Background:
Project ECHO (Extension for Community Healthcare Outcomes) represents a novel approach to addressing disparities in multiple sclerosis (MS) care. A primary mechanism of the program is the use of case consultations to rapidly transfer knowledge from content experts to community providers who care for individuals with MS.

Methods:
MS Project ECHO was pilot tested as a weekly 60-minute videoconference delivered to 24 clinicians across 13 practice sites over 41 weeks. Participants completed a variety of measures related to their experience in the program and answered qualitative questions via exit interview. We report on the responses to exit interview questions related to the case consultation component of MS Project ECHO.

Results:
Participant responses regarding case consultations generated four themes: 1) improved confidence among participants in the existing treatment decision, 2) direct change in the care of the patient provided by the participant, 3) changed practice habits for all of the participant's patients with MS, and 4) increased perception that patients had confidence in the participant as an MS care provider.

Conclusions:
Participant responses support MS Project ECHO as a program that may directly and indirectly affect the way providers deliver MS care in underserved areas. Further research is needed to examine the resulting effect on patient outcomes.
Quality of life in cancer as a function of temperament, coping and posttraumatic stress disorder
Authors: Laskowska Agnieszka 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe research presented in this paper explores the relationship between three blocks of explaining variables, ie. temperamental traits, stress coping PTSD and the explained variable which is quality of life in a sample of patients diagnosed with cancer. One hundred and twenty nine participants aged 24–81 years, 69 females diagnosed with breast cancer and 60 males diagnosed with lung cancer completed Formal Characteristics of Behaviour – Temperament Inventory (FCB-TI), Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations (CISS), PTSD Inventory (PTSD-C) and Quality of life SF-36 questionnaire. Higher level of emotional reactivity was associated with lower emotional quality of life. Higher level of emotion oriented-coping and higher level of avoidant-distracted coping was associated with higher level of intrusion/arousal and avoidance/numbing, ie. dimensions of PTSD symptoms. There were no statistically significant associations between temperamental traits and stress coping strategies nor between PTSD symptoms level and quality of life. Emotion-oriented coping and avoidant-distracted coping are ineffective in dealing with stress in the situation of patients diagnosed with cancer, because it leads to higher level of PTSD symptoms. The significance of temperamental traits for quality of life in the situation of the patients is marginal. Control of specific factors concerned with current health and treatment status is needed the future research.
GAUSSIAN PROCESS MODELS FOR MORTALITY RATES AND IMPROVEMENT FACTORS – CORRIGENDUM
Authors: Ludkovski Mike , Risk Jimmy , Zail Howard 
Published: October 2018

In Ludkovski, Risk, and Zail (2018), the email address for Jimmy Risk appeared incorrectly.Jimmy Risk's email address should appear as jrisk@cpp.edu.The original article has been corrected to rectify this error.
Complex singularities near the intersection of a free surface and wall. Part 1. Vertical jets and rising bubbles
Authors: Chandler Thomas G. J. , Trinh Philippe H. 
Published: October 2018

It is known that in steady-state potential flows, the separation of a gravity-driven free surface from a solid exhibits a number of peculiar characteristics. For example, it can be shown that the fluid must separate from the body so as to form one of three possible in-fluid angles: (i) $180^{\circ }$, (ii) $120^{\circ }$ or (iii) an angle such that the surface is locally perpendicular to the direction of gravity. These necessary separation conditions were notably remarked upon by Dagan & Tulin (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 51 (3), 1972, pp. 529–543) in the context of ship hydrodynamics, but they are of crucial importance in many potential-flow applications. It is not particularly well understood why there is such a drastic change in the local separation behaviours when the global flow is altered. The question that motivates this work is the following: outside of a formal balance-of-terms argument, why must cases (i)–(iii) occur and furthermore, what are the connections between them? In this work, we seek to explain the transitions between the three cases in terms of the singularity structure of the associated solutions once they are extended into the complex plane. A numerical scheme is presented for the analytic continuation of a vertical jet (or alternatively a rising bubble). It will be shown that the transition between the three cases can be predicted by observing the coalescence of singularities as the speed of the jet is modified. A scaling law is derived for the coalescence rate of singularities.
Language independent recommender agent
Authors: Yucel Osman , Sen Sandip 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThis paper presents a new ‘Language Independent Recommender Agent’ (LIRA), using information distributed over any text-source pair on the Web about candidate items. While existing review-based recommendation systems learn the features of candidate items and users’ preferences, they do not handle varying perspectives of users on those features. LIRA constructs agents for each user, which run regression algorithms on texts from different sources and builds trust relations. The key advantages of LIRA can be listed as: LIRA does not require reviews from target users, LIRA calculates trust values based on prediction accuracy instead of social connections or rating similarity, LIRA does not require the reviews to come from the same community or peer user group. Since ratings of the reviewers are not necessary for LIRA, we can collect and use reviews from different sources (web pages, professional critiques), as long as we know the corresponding item and source of that text. Since LIRA does not combine text from different sources, texts from different sources are not required to be in the same language. LIRA can utilize text from multiple languages, as long as sources are consistent with their language usage.
High gain dual-band distributed amplifier using new composite right/left-handed transmission line
Authors: Shahraki Hamed , Hakimi Ahmad , Afrooz Kambiz , Pezhman Mohammad Mahdi 
Published: October 2018

AbstractIn this paper, a high-gain dual-band distributed amplifier (DBDA) based on the metamaterial transmission line (TL) is proposed. To have two separate frequency bands in the distributed amplifiers, the composite right/left-handed (CRLH) TLs are used instead of conventional TLs. Although both forward and reverse gains of the distributed amplifiers are available in this case, they suffer from their low gains. In this paper, to increase the DBDA power gain, a new circuit architecture for the CRLH TL is introduced. By using the proposed CRLH TL, a lower wave attenuation coefficient at the forward band of the DBDA is achieved than the conventional structures, which causes a higher forward power gain. Simulation results also show that the power gain of the proposed DBDA is about 28.5 dB at the desired frequency bands, and good agreement between the measurement and simulation results confirms the accuracy of the design method.
Design and development of 2 kW, 3 dB hybrid coupler for the prototype Ion Cyclotron Resonance Frequency (ICRF) system
Authors: Jain Abhinav , Yadav Rana Pratap , Kulkarni S. V. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractDesign and development of 2 kW, 3 dB tandem hybrid coupler for the frequency range of 155–225 MHz has been presented in this paper. The developed 3 dB coupler is to be used in a prototype of Ion Cyclotron Resonance Frequency (ICRF) system of Tokamak, which has been developed to test the resilience of ICRF network during continuously variable RF load excursions. The 3 dB coupler divides the RF power between two antennae of the prototype and protects the RF source by coupling of reflected power to the isolated port. The developed coupler shows excellent coupling flatness of −3 ± 0.3 dB over 38% of fractional bandwidth and also provides voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) <1.3, isolation better than 32 dB and return loss better than 25 dB in full band. The presented work establishes a technique which can be useful for the development of high-power hybrid coupler in the range of high frequency (HF), very high frequency (VHF) and ultra high frequency (UHF).
Prevention of pancreatic acinar cell carcinoma by Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass Surgery
Authors: He Rui , Yin Yue , Yin Wenzhen , Li Yin , Zhao Jing , Zhang Weizhen 
Published: October 2018

AbstractRoux-en-Y Gastric Bypass Surgery (RYGB) prevents the occurrence of pancreatic cell acinar carcinoma (ACC) in male and female Ngn3-Tsc1−/− mice. Ngn3 directed Cre deletion of Tsc1 gene induced the development of pancreatic ACC. The transgenic mice with sham surgery demonstrated a cancer incidence of 96.7 ± 3.35% and survival rate of 67.0 ± 1.4% at the age of 300 days. Metastasis to liver and kidney was observed in 69.7 ± 9.7% and 44.3 ± 8.01% of these animals, respectively. All animals with RYGB performed at the age of 16 weeks survived free of pancreatic ACC up to the age of 300 days. RYGB significantly attenuated the activation of mTORC1 signaling and inhibition of tumor suppressor genes: p21, p27, and p53 in pancreatic ACC. Our studies demonstrate that bariatric surgery may limit the occurrence and growth of pancreatic ACC through the suppression of mTORC1 signaling in pancreas. RYGB shows promise for intervention of both metabolic dysfunction and organ cancer.
Contact angle measurement of free-standing square-millimeter single-layer graphene
Authors: Prydatko Anna V. , Belyaeva Liubov A. , Jiang Lin , Lima Lia M. C. , Schneider Grégory F. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractSquare millimeters of free-standing graphene do not exist per se because of thermal fluctuations in two-dimensional crystals and their tendency to collapse during the detachment from the substrate. Here we form millimeter-scale freely suspended graphene by injecting an air bubble underneath a graphene monolayer floating at the water–air interface, which allowed us to measure the contact angle on fully free-standing non-contaminated graphene. A captive bubble measurement shows that free-standing clean graphene is hydrophilic with a contact angle of 42° ± 3°. The proposed design provides a simple tool to probe and explore the wettability of two-dimensional materials in free-standing geometries and will expand our perception of two-dimensional materials technologies from microscopic to now millimeter scales.
A guanine-flipping and sequestration mechanism for G-quadruplex unwinding by RecQ helicases
Authors: Voter Andrew F. , Qiu Yupeng , Tippana Ramreddy , Myong Sua , Keck James L. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractHomeostatic regulation of G-quadruplexes (G4s), four-stranded structures that can form in guanine-rich nucleic acids, requires G4 unwinding helicases. The mechanisms that mediate G4 unwinding remain unknown. We report the structure of a bacterial RecQ DNA helicase bound to resolved G4 DNA. Unexpectedly, a guanine base from the unwound G4 is sequestered within a guanine-specific binding pocket. Disruption of the pocket in RecQ blocks G4 unwinding, but not G4 binding or duplex DNA unwinding, indicating its essential role in structure-specific G4 resolution. A novel guanine-flipping and sequestration model that may be applicable to other G4-resolving helicases emerges from these studies.
Efficacy of different types of cognitive enhancers for patients with schizophrenia: a meta-analysis
Authors: Sinkeviciute Igne , Begemann Marieke , Prikken Merel , Oranje Bob , Johnsen Erik , Lei Wan U. , Hugdahl Kenneth , Kroken Rune A. , Rau Carina , Jacobs Jolien D. , Mattaroccia Silvia , Sommer Iris E. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractCognitive impairment is a core feature of schizophrenia, which is predictive for functional outcomes and is, therefore, a treatment target in itself. Yet, literature on efficacy of different pharmaco-therapeutic options is inconsistent. This quantitative review provides an overview of studies that investigated potential cognitive enhancers in schizophrenia. We included pharmacological agents, which target different neurotransmitter systems and evaluated their efficacy on overall cognitive functioning and seven separate cognitive domains. In total, 93 studies with 5630 patients were included. Cognitive enhancers, when combined across all different neurotransmitter systems, which act on a large number of different mechanisms, showed a significant (yet small) positive effect size of 0.10 (k = 51, p = 0.023; 95% CI = 0.01 to 0.18) on overall cognition. Cognitive enhancers were not superior to placebo for separate cognitive domains. When analyzing each neurotransmitter system separately, agents acting predominantly on the glutamatergic system showed a small significant effect on overall cognition (k = 29, Hedges’ g = 0.19, p = 0.01), as well as on working memory (k = 20, Hedges’ g = 0.13, p = 0.04). A sub-analysis of cholinesterase inhibitors (ChEI) showed a small effect on working memory (k = 6, Hedges’ g = 0.26, p = 0.03). Other sub-analyses were positively nonsignificant, which may partly be due to the low number of studies we could include per neurotransmitter system. Overall, this meta-analysis showed few favorable effects of cognitive enhancers for patients with schizophrenia, partly due to lack of power. There is a lack of studies involving agents acting on other than glutamatergic and cholinergic systems, especially of those targeting the dopaminergic system.
Leveraging single-cell genomics to expand the fungal tree of life
Authors: Ahrendt Steven R. , Quandt C. Alisha , Ciobanu Doina , Clum Alicia , Salamov Asaf , Andreopoulos Bill , Cheng Jan-Fang , Woyke Tanja , Pelin Adrian , Henrissat Bernard , Reynolds Nicole K. , Benny Gerald L. , Smith Matthew E. , James Timothy Y. , Grigoriev Igor V. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractEnvironmental DNA surveys reveal that most fungal diversity represents uncultured species. We sequenced the genomes of eight uncultured species across the fungal tree of life using a new single-cell genomics pipeline. We show that, despite a large variation in genome and gene space recovery from each single amplified genome (SAG), ≥90% can be recovered by combining multiple SAGs. SAGs provide robust placement for early-diverging lineages and infer a diploid ancestor of fungi. Early-diverging fungi share metabolic deficiencies and show unique gene expansions correlated with parasitism and unculturability. Single-cell genomics holds great promise in exploring fungal diversity, life cycles and metabolic potential.
Mobility of A Water Droplet on Liquid Phase of N-Octadecane Coated Hydrophobic Surface
Authors: Yilbas Bekir Sami , Ali Haider , Al-Sharafi Abdullah , Al-Aqeeli Nasser , Abu-Dheir Numan , Demir Kahraman 
Published: October 2018

AbstractA water droplet behavior on the liquid n-octadecane film is investigated. The coating of hydrophobic surface by N-octadecane film provides exchange of wetting state on the surface. The polycarbonate surface is crystallized and the functionalized silica particles are placed on the resulting surface prior to thin film coating of n-octadecane. A high-speed camera is used to monitor dynamic characteristics of the droplet on the inclined film. The findings reveal that deposition of thin n-octadecane film on hydrophobic surface results in reversibly exchange of the wetting state at the surface, which remains hydrophobic when n-octadecane film is in solid phase while it becomes hydrophilic when n-octadecane film liquefies. Droplet transition velocity predicted agrees well with the experimental data. Sliding mode of the water droplet governs droplet transition on the liquid surface. Droplet pinning force, due to interfacial tension, dominates over the other retention forces including drag and shear.
MiR-494-3p regulates mitochondrial biogenesis and thermogenesis through PGC1-α signalling in beige adipocytes
Authors: Lemecha Mengistu , Morino Katsutaro , Imamura Takeshi , Iwasaki Hirotaka , Ohashi Natsuko , Ida Shogo , Sato Daisuke , Sekine Osamu , Ugi Satoshi , Maegawa Hiroshi 
Published: October 2018

AbstractMitochondria are critical in heat generation in brown and beige adipocytes. Mitochondrial number and function are regulated in response to external stimuli, such as cold exposure and β3 adrenergic receptor agonist. However, the molecular mechanisms regulating mitochondrial biogenesis during browning, especially by microRNAs, remain unknown. We investigated the role of miR-494-3p in mitochondrial biogenesis during adipogenesis and browning. Intermittent mild cold exposure of mice induced PPARγ coactivator1-α (PGC1-α) and mitochondrial TFAM, PDH, and ANT1/2 expression along with uncoupling protein-1 (Ucp1) in inguinal white adipose tissue (iWAT). miR-494-3p levels were significantly downregulated in iWAT upon cold exposure (p < 0.05). miR-494-3p overexpression substantially reduced PGC1-α expression and its downstream targets TFAM, PDH and MTCO1 in 3T3-L1 white and beige adipocytes (p < 0.05). miR-494-3p inhibition in 3T3-L1 white adipocytes resulted in increased PDH (p < 0.05). PGC1-α, TFAM and Ucp1 mRNA levels were robustly downregulated by miR-494-3p overexpression in 3T3-L1 beige adipocytes, along with strongly decreased oxygen consumption rate. PGC1-α and Ucp1 proteins were downregulated by miR-494-3p in primary beige cells (p < 0.05). Luciferase assays confirmed PGC1-α as a direct gene target of miR-494-3p. Our findings demonstrate that decreased miR-494-3p expression during browning regulates mitochondrial biogenesis and thermogenesis through PGC1-α.
Assembly of protein complexes restricts diffusion of Wnt3a proteins
Authors: Takada Ritsuko , Mii Yusuke , Krayukhina Elena , Maruyama Yuusuke , Mio Kazuhiro , Sasaki Yoshikazu , Shinkawa Takao , Pack Chan-Gi , Sako Yasushi , Sato Chikara , Uchiyama Susumu , Takada Shinji 
Published: October 2018

AbstractMembers of the Wnt protein family play roles in many aspects of embryogenesis and homeostasis. Despite their biological significance, characteristics of Wnt proteins still remain unclear, mainly due to their insolubility after the removal of serum. Here we examine Wnt proteins in serum-containing media by using analytical ultracentrifugation with a fluorescence detection system. This analysis reveals that Wnt3a assembles into high-molecular-weight complexes that become dissociable by interaction with the extracellular domain of the Frizzled8 receptor or secreted Wnt-binding protein sFRP2. Cross-linking and single-particle analyses of Wnt3a fractionated by gel filtration chromatography show the homo-trimer to be the smallest form of the assembled Wnt3a complexes. Fluorescence correlation spectroscopy and immunohistochemistry reveal that the assembly of Wnt3a complexes restricted their diffusion and signaling range inXenopus laevisembryos. Thus, we propose that the Wnt diffusion range can be controlled by a balance between the assembly of Wnt complexes and their dissociation.