bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integrative Multi-View Regression: Bridging Group-Sparse and Low-Rank Models
Authors: Li Gen , Liu Xiaokang , Chen Kun 
Published: November 2018

AbstractMulti-view data have been routinely collected in various fields of science and engineering. A general problem is to study the predictive association between multivariate responses and multi-view predictor sets, all of which can be of high dimensionality. It is likely that only a few views are relevant to prediction, and the predictors within each relevant view contribute to the prediction collectively rather than sparsely. We cast this new problem under the familiar multivariate regression framework and propose an integrative reduced-rank regression (iRRR), where each view has its own low-rank coefficient matrix. As such, latent features are extracted from each view in a supervised fashion. For model estimation, we develop a convex composite nuclear norm penalization approach, which admits an efficient algorithm via alternating direction method of multipliers. Extensions to non-Gaussian and incomplete data are discussed. Theoretically, we derive non-asymptotic oracle bounds of iRRR under a restricted eigenvalue condition. Our results recover oracle bounds of several special cases of iRRR including Lasso, group Lasso, and nuclear norm penalized regression. Therefore, iRRR seamlessly bridges group-sparse and low-rank methods and can achieve substantially faster convergence rate under realistic settings of multi-view learning. Simulation studies and an application in the Longitudinal Studies of Aging further showcase the efficacy of the proposed methods.
Nonparametric Group Sequential Methods for Evaluating Survival Benefit from Multiple Short-Term Follow-up Windows
Authors: Xia Meng , Murray Susan , Tayob Nabihah 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
This article takes a fresh look at group sequential methods applied to two-sample tests of censored survival data and proposes an alternative method of defining and evaluating treatment benefit. Our method re-purposes traditional censored event time data into a sequence of short-term outcomes taken from (potentially overlapping) follow-up windows. A new two-sample restricted means test based on this restructured follow-up data is proposed along with group sequential methods for its use in the clinical trial setting. This method compares favorably with existing methods for group sequential monitoring of time-to-event outcomes, including methods for monitoring the restricted means test and the logrank test. Our method performs particularly well in cases where there is a delayed treatment effect and/or a subset of cured patients. As part of developing group sequential methods for these analyses, we consider asymmetric error spending approaches that differentially limit the chances of stopping incorrectly for perceived efficacy versus perceived harm attributed to the investigational arm of the trial. Recommendations for how to choose proper group sequential stopping boundaries are given, with supporting simulations and an example from the AIDS Clinical Trial Group.
REAL INTEREST RATE PARITY AND FOURIER QUANTILE UNIT ROOT TEST
Authors: Bahmani‐Oskooee Mohsen , Chang Tsangyao , Elmi Zahra (Mila) , Ranjbar Omid 
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACTReal interest rate differentials usually exhibit two properties; structural breaks and asymmetric dynamics. In this paper, we use various types of Quantile Unit Root Test (QURT) which accounts for both properties. Unlike previous research, we reject the unit root in the real interest rate differentials in 18 out of 21 OECD countries as well as in 4 out of 5 BRICS countries using QURT with sharp and smooth breaks.
Along‐strike variability in shelf‐margin morphology and accretion pattern: An example from the northern margin of the South China Sea
Authors: Zhuo Haiteng , Wang Yingmin , Sun Zhen , Wang Ying , Xu Qiang , Hou Pengfei , Wang Xingxing , Zhao Zhongxian , Zhou Wei , Xu Shang 
Published: November 2018

AbstractInterplays among diachronous tectonism, uneven sediment supply, and local marine hydraulic processes make the northern margin of the South China Sea (SCS) an ideal location to investigate the complexity of along‐strike variability in shelf margins. This study examines shelf‐margin morphology, stratigraphy, and sedimentation from the northern SCS using multichannel seismic reflection profiles complemented with the data from commercial and ocean drilling sites. Analysis of seismic reflection profiles reveals three categories of shelf‐margin cross‐sectional profiles, the concave‐up, linear, and sigmoidal, according to which five margin sectors were recognized. Results show that these margin segments differ in relief, shelf‐edge trajectory, submarine canyon development, and long‐term accretion pattern. The westernmost margin sector, or the Yinggehai (YGH)‐western Qiongdongnan (QDN) margin, has appeared to be supply dominated since its commencement at ca. 10.5 Ma, which is characterized by well‐developed prograding clinoforms, low‐angle shelf‐edge trajectories, and an absence of canyons. Presence of concave‐up profiles is also suggestive of high sediment influx. In contrast, the eastern QDN margin was primarily regulated by local subsidence and faulting, leading to a stationary shelf‐edge migrating pattern and linear upper‐slope morphology. Densely distributed slope‐confined gullies indicate the margin’s disequilibrium and erosive nature. Further east, the Pearl River Mouth (PRM) margin formed much earlier (ca. 30 Ma) and experienced a more complicated accretion history, including three phases which were dominated by sequential marginal faulting (before ca. 30 Ma), basement structure (ca. 30–23 Ma), and sediment supply (ca. 23 Ma to the present). The overall sigmoidal morphology and truncated stratigraphy of this margin probably resulted from the sculpting of local marine processes, especially ocean currents and internal waves. The exception of the central PRM margin where concave‐up profiles develop is mainly related to canyon erosion. Overall, this study highlights the vital role of local forcing factors in controlling along‐margin variations and determining the final fates of different margin segments. A comparison between the northern SCS and other well‐established examples reveals that concave‐upward shelf‐margin shapes, which are usually associated with high sediment supply, little influence from hydraulic regimes, or sometimes, high degree of canyon development, may be an indicator of good reservoir potential beyond the shelf edge.
Chewing function, general health and the dentition of older Australian men: The Concord Health and Ageing in Men Project
Authors: Wright Fredrick A. C. , Law Garry G. , Milledge Kate L. , Chu Steven K.‐Y. , Hsu Benjumin , Valdez Eduardo , Naganathan Vasi , Hirani Vasant , Blyth Fiona M. , LeCouteur David G. , Waite Louise M. , Handelsman David J. , Seibel Markus J. , Cumming Robert G. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractObjectivesTo describe the associations between chewing function with oral health and certain general health characteristics, in a population of community‐dwelling older Australian men.MethodsAnalysis of data obtained from a cross‐sectional analysis of the 4th wave of the Concord Health and Ageing in Men Project cohort of 614 participants, 524 whom were dentate, aged 78 years and over. Their chewing capacity was assessed using three main indicators: capacity to chew eleven food items ranging from boiled eggs through to fresh carrots and nuts; discomfort when eating; and interruption of meals. Associations with chewing were tested for dentate vs edentate participants, numbers of teeth present, active dental disease and key general health conditions such as disabilities, comorbidities and cognitive status. Log binomial regression models adjusted for age, country of birth, income, education and marital status. Prevalence ratios and 95% confidence intervals were estimated.ResultsTwenty‐one per cent of participants could not eat hard foods, while 23.1% reported discomfort when eating, and 8.8% reported interrupted meals when eating. There was a threefold difference in the capacity of dentate men to chew firm meat over that of edentulous men (95% CI, 2.0‐4.9); a 2.5 times greater likelihood of edentate men reporting discomfort when eating (95% CI: 1.5‐4.3); and 1.9 times greater likelihood of edentate participants reporting having meals interrupted (95% CI: 1.4‐2.6). Chewing/eating difficulties were associated with both dental status (number of teeth, active dental caries) and self‐rated dental health. Fewer than 20 teeth and the presence of active coronal or root decay were associated with more discomfort when eating. General health conditions associated with chewing function included disability, physical activity, comorbidities, cognitive status and depression. Older men's self‐rated oral health and general health perceptions were also associated with aspects of chewing function. Poorer self‐reported oral health was associated with inability to eat hard foods (95% CI: 1.3‐2.7) and with discomfort when eating (95% CI: 2.6‐5.1), while poorer self‐reported general health was associated with discomfort when eating (95% CI: 1.2‐2.2).ConclusionsFalling rates of edentulism may lead to improved chewing and eating function in older men. Maintaining 20 or more natural teeth, and preventing active coronal and root caries should enhance chewing function and promote self‐reported health and oral health. Lower capacity to chew hard foods and a higher reporting of discomfort when eating is associated with co‐morbidity in older Australian men.
Leukoderma induced by rhododendrol is different from leukoderma of vitiligo in pathogenesis: A novel comparative morphological study
Authors: Tsutsumi Reiko , Sugita Kazunari , Abe Yuko , Hozumi Yutaka , Suzuki Tamio , Yamada Nanako , Yoshida Yuichi , Yamamoto Osamu 
Published: November 2018

BackgroundRhododendrol (rhododenol), an inhibitor of tyrosinase activity, is used as a skin‐whitening component. Many cases of leukoderma after the application have been reported, termed rhododenol‐induced leukoderma (RIL). The aim of this study was to clarify the pathogenesis of RIL morphologically through comparison with vitiligo.MethodsWe examined 14 cases of RIL and 15 cases of vitiligo using routine histopathology and immunohistochemistry. Thirteen cases of RIL, six cases of vitiligo and specimens of the RIL mouse model were evaluated by electron microscopy.ResultsThere were common findings in RIL and vitiligo at the light‐microscopic level: (a) vacuolar changes in the dermo‐epidermal junction, (b) melanophages in the papillary dermis, (c) perifollicular lymphocyte infiltration, (d) loss or decrease of basal melanin pigment and (e) decrease of melanocytes in the lesions. The ultrastructural observations showed specific findings of RIL: (a) remaining melanocytes in depigmented lesions, (b) inhomogeneous melanization in melanocytes and (c) degenerated melanosomes in melanocytes. Some of the findings were observed in a RIL mouse model. Furthermore, it is notable that cell organelles of melanocytes were intact in our RIL cases.ConclusionMorphological changes of RIL targeting melanosomes in melanocytes without degeneration of organelles reflect the reversible clinical course of most cases.
Urinary glucose excretion after dapagliflozin treatment: An exposure‐response modelling comparison between Japanese and non‐Japanese patients diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Sokolov Victor , Yakovleva Tatiana , Ueda Shinya , Parkinson Joanna , Boulton David W. , Penland Robert C. , Tang Weifeng 
Published: November 2018

AimsTo assess the dapagliflozin exposure‐response relationship in Japanese and non‐Japanese patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and investigate if a dose adjustment is required in Japanese patients.Materials and MethodsData from two clinical studies were used to develop a non‐linear mixed effects model describing the relationship between dapagliflozin exposure (area under the concentration curve) and response (24‐hour urinary glucose excretion [UGE]) in Japanese and non‐Japanese patients with T1DM. The effects of patient‐level characteristics (covariates; identified using a stepwise procedure) on response was also assessed. Simulations were performed using median‐normalized covariate values.ResultsData from 84 patients were included. Average self‐monitored blood glucose (SMBG) at day 7, change from baseline in total insulin dose at day 7, and baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) all had a significant effect on 24‐hours UGE, with SMBG being the most influential. Dapagliflozin systemic exposure for matching doses and baseline eGFR was similar between Japanese and non‐Japanese patients; however, higher SMBG and a greater reduction in total insulin dose was observed in the Japanese population. When the significant covariates were included, the model fit the data well for both populations, and accurately predicted exposure‐response in the Japanese and non‐Japanese populations, in agreement with the observed data.ConclusionsThere was no difference in dapagliflozin exposure‐response in Japanese and non‐Japanese patients with T1DM once differences in renal function, glycaemic control and insulin dose reductions between studies were considered. Therefore, no dose adjustment is recommended in Japanese patients with T1DM.
Architecture and organization of mouse posterior parietal cortex relative to extrastriate areas
Authors: Hovde Karoline , Gianatti Michele , Witter Menno P. , Whitlock Jonathan R. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe posterior parietal cortex (PPC) is a multifaceted region of cortex, contributing to several cognitive processes, including sensorimotor integration and spatial navigation. Although recent years have seen a considerable rise in the use of rodents, particularly mice, to investigate PPC and related networks, a coherent anatomical definition of PPC in the mouse is still lacking. To address this, we delineated the mouse PPC, using cyto‐ and chemoarchitectural markers from Nissl‐, parvalbumin‐and muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M2‐staining. Additionally, we performed bilateral triple anterograde tracer injections in primary visual cortex (V1) and prepared flattened tangential sections from one hemisphere and coronal sections from the other, allowing us to co‐register the cytoarchitectural features of PPC with V1 projections. This revealed that extrastriate area A was largely contained within lateral PPC, that medial PPC overlapped with the anterior portion of area AM, and that anterior RL overlapped partially with area PtP. Furthermore, triple anterograde tracer injections in PPC showed strong projections to associative thalamic nuclei as well as higher visual areas, orbitofrontal, cingulate and secondary motor cortices. Retrograde circuit mapping with rabies virus further showed that all cortical connections were reciprocal. These combined approaches provide a coherent definition of mouse PPC that incorporates laminar architecture, extrastriate projections, thalamic, and cortico–cortical connections.
Interactions between monoamine oxidase A rs1137070 and smoking on brain structure and function in male smokers
Authors: Shen Zhujing , Huang Peiyu , Wang Chao , Qian Wei , Luo Xiao , Gu Quanquan , Chen Huan , Wang Hongjuan , Yang Yihong , Zhang Minming 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) enzyme metabolizes monoamine neurotransmitters such as dopamine, serotonin and norepinephrine, and its genetic polymorphism (rs1137070) influences its activity level and is associated with smoking behaviors. However, the underlying neural mechanisms of the gene × environment interactions remain largely unknown. In this study, we aimed to explore the interactive effects of the rs1137070 and cigarette smoking on gray matter volume (GMV) and functional connectivity strength (FCS). A total of 81 smokers and 42 nonsmokers were enrolled in the present study. Voxel‐based morphometry analysis showed a significant rs1137070 genotype × smoking effect on the GMV of the left orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), such that individuals with risk allele had greater GMV among nonsmokers but not smokers. Meanwhile, rs1137070 variant and nicotine dependence interactively altered the FCS of the right hippocampus, the left inferior parietal lobule (IPL), the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and bilateral OFC. In addition, the FCS in the left IPL was correlated with smoking initiation and smoking years in smokers with the risk allele. These findings suggest that MAOA rs1137070 contributes to the susceptibility to nicotine dependence through its influence on brain circuits involved in reward and attention, and interacts with smoking in the progression.
Equus caballus papillomavirus 8 (EcPV8) associated with multiple viral plaques, viral papillomas, and squamous cell carcinoma in a horse
Authors: Peters‐Kennedy J. , Lange C. E. , Rine S. L. , Hackett R. P. 
Published: November 2018

SummaryBackgroundEquus caballus papillomavirus 8, a recently discovered virus, has been reported to cause generalised papillomavirus in horses.ObjectivesTo describe a case in which multiple viral plaques, viral papillomas, squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in situ and invasive squamous cell carcinoma (ISCC) were associated with EcPV8 in a horse.Study designCase report.MethodsA 16‐year‐old mixed breed horse presented with dozens of raised crusted papular to nodular lesions over a course of 4 years. Masses had been surgically excised four times and cisplatin beads and emulsion were implanted on three different occasions; however new masses continue to develop in sites of previous masses as well as new sites.ResultsMultiple viral plaques, viral papillomas, SCC in situ and ISCC, localised to the inguinal region, were diagnosed via histopathology. EcPV8 DNA was detected via PCR.Main limitationsSince only a few cases have been reported, we do not know the incidence of EcPV8 nor how often it may be associated with SCC in situ or ISCC without further study.ConclusionsThis is the fourth reported case of viral papillomatosis in the context of an EcPV8 infection in a horse. This is the first case in which SCC has been associated with EcPV8.
The soft spot of hard code: blockchain technology, network governance and pitfalls of technological utopianism
Authors: HÜTTEN MORITZ 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe emerging blockchain technology is expected to contribute to the transformation of ownership, government services and global supply chains. By analysing a crisis that occurred with one of its frontrunners, Ethereum, in this article I explore the discrepancies between the purported governance of blockchains and the de facto control of them through expertise and reputation. Ethereum is also thought to exemplify libertarian techno‐utopianism. When ‘The DAO’, a highly publicized but faulty crowd‐funded venture fund was deployed on the Ethereum blockchain, the techno‐utopianism was suspended, and developers fell back on strong network ties. Now that the blockchain technology is seeing an increasing uptake, I shall also seek to unearth broader implications of the blockchain for the proliferation or blockage of global finance and beyond. Contrasting claims about the disruptive nature of the technology, in this article I show that, by redeeming the positive utopia of ontic, individualized debt, blockchains reinforce our belief in a crisis‐ridden, financialized capitalism.
Inequalities in HIV testing uptake and needs among men who have sex with men living in Ireland: findings from an internet survey
Authors: O'Donnell K , Fitzgerald M , Quinlan M , Hickson F , Keogh P , Schmidt AJ , McCartney D , Barrett P , O'Dea S , Igoe D 
Published: November 2018

ObjectivesHIV disproportionately affects men who have sex with men (MSM) in Ireland. The aim of this study was to improve understanding of HIV testing among MSM living in Ireland to inform prevention and testing initiatives.MethodsWe used data from the MSM Internet Survey Ireland 2015 (MISI 2015), a cross‐sectional survey of MSM living in Ireland. We identified factors associated with never having tested for HIV using univariable and multivariable logistic regression. We identified preferred sites for future tests and examined the relationships between unmet HIV testing needs and socio‐demographic groups.ResultsMore than one‐third (n = 1006; 36%) of MSM had never tested for HIV. Multivariable logistic regression showed that untested men were more likely to be aged 18–24 years, live outside Dublin, have a lower level of education, be born in Ireland, identify as bisexual, be out to fewer people, and not have had sex with a man in the previous 12 months. The same groups of men also had the least knowledge about HIV and were least confident in accessing an HIV test. Men who had never tested for HIV were more likely to prefer testing by their general practitioner (GP) or using home sampling HIV kits and less likely to prefer testing in a sexual health clinic.ConclusionsHIV prevention and testing programmes for MSM should be targeted towards younger men, those living outside Dublin and those with lower levels of education. We recommend increased promotion and availability of free HIV testing services in a range of clinical and nonclinical settings (including self‐sampling and home testing).
Amorphous SiCNO hollow nanofibers with mesoporous walls
Authors: Yang Wenyou , Wang Wei , Xie Chunxiao 
Published: November 2018

AbstractIn this work, for the first time, we reported the fabrication of polymer‐derived amorphous SiCNO ceramics via electrospinning of tetraethoxysilane (TBOS), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), cetrimonium bromide (CTAB), and urea combined with subsequent air calcination. The resultant products exhibited a well‐defined one‐dimensional (1D) hollow fiber nanostructure with mesoporous walls. The BET surface area of SiCNO hollow nanofibers is ~95.6 m2/g, and the average pore diameter is sized in ~9 nm. The movement of urea within the core of the as‐spun polymeric fibers accounted for the formation of hollow nanofibers, and the thermal decomposition of polymers such as PVP, TEOS, and urea responded for the formation of mesopores within the walls. In addition, it was found that the contents of urea within the raw materials played a critically important role in the formation of SiCNO mesoporous hollow nanofibers, making their growth in a controlled manner.