bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Massive Localized Lymphedema, Wound Care Without Major Surgical Excision: A Case Report
Authors: Heuvelings Danique J. I. , van der Horst Jishmaël , Pelzer Fanny , Aarts Frits , Engelen Sanne 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT
Massive localized lymphedema (MLL) is a benign overgrowth of lymphoproliferative tissue that is primarily observed in adults with class III obesity. Patients present with a painless mass that has usually been present for a considerable period. Consultation of a healthcare professional typically takes place when MLL-related complaints interfere with daily living. Massive localized lymphedema is often termed “pseudosarcoma” due to its clinical similarity to sarcoma. Surgical excision is necessary to improve mobility, prevent recurrent infections, and rule out malignancy, but can be high-risk for individuals with class III obesity and multiple comorbidities. In this report, the authors present the case of a 47-year-old woman with a body mass index of 73 kg/m2 and MLL of the right medial thigh. She was successfully diagnosed and managed by local necrosectomy, wound debridement, maggot debridement therapy, and negative-pressure wound therapy by using a vacuum-assisted closure device. The diagnosis of MLL can be challenging because of its similarity to sarcoma; its pathogenesis and management are not completely elucidated. Despite surgery being the best described treatment, such an intervention itself can be challenging because patients often have multiple comorbidities and delayed diagnosis. The authors recommend that clinicians should consider nonsurgical treatment of MLL in high-risk patients who have necrotic wounds with fluid loss. The use of less invasive methods such as maggot debridement therapy followed by negative-pressure wound therapy can be useful in high-risk patients.
Comparison of Transepidermal Water Loss in Preterm Newborns Treated with Two Different Types of Phototherapies
Authors: Aydin Meryem , Balci Serap 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

Objective
To compare transepidermal water loss (TEWL) in preterm newborns treated with two different types of phototherapies.

Methods
In this experimental randomized controlled study, participants were 60 preterm infants aged 30 to 36 weeks’ gestation who were admitted to the neonatal ICU of Duzce University Research and Application Center from December 2015 to May 2016. Researchers randomly assigned the newborns to two phototherapy groups: light-emitting diode (LED) and fluorescent phototherapy. Each group included 30 participants. Data were collected using a demographic information form and an evaporimeter to measure TEWL levels.

Results
Prior to phototherapy, the anterior region TEWL values were 11.99 ± 3.04 and 11.56 ± 3.99 g/m2 per hour in the fluorescent and LED groups, respectively, and the posterior region TEWL values were 12.82 ± 3.94 and 12.42 ± 4.24 g/m2 per hour in the fluorescent and LED groups, respectively. Prior to phototherapy, anterior and posterior TEWL measurements did not differ either within or between groups. However, in comparison with fluorescent group participants, participants in the LED group experienced significantly less water loss at 30 minutes and 1, 3, 6, 12, and 24 hours after the start of phototherapy (P < .001).

Conclusions
Fluorescent phototherapy causes more water loss than LED phototherapy in preterm infants, and TEWL values are similar in both anterior and posterior measurements.
Platelet-Rich Plasma in the Treatment of Diabetic Foot Ulcers
Authors: Gomez Paul T. , Andrews Karen L. , Arthurs Jennifer R. , Bruce Alison J. , Wyles Saranya P. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND
Chronic nonhealing neuropathic foot ulcers affect approximately 15% to 30% of patients with diabetes mellitus and are associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Although current strategies to address these chronic wounds include a multifactorial approach, clinical outcomes remain poor and warrant improvement. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP), derived from autologous or allogeneic blood, is an emerging regenerative product that aims to serve as an adjuvant to standard diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) treatment.

OBJECTIVE
To examine controlled clinical trials investigating the efficacy of platelet-rich therapies in promoting healing of chronic DFUs.

DATA SOURCES
The PubMed/MEDLINE database.

STUDY SELECTION
Researchers selected 11 controlled clinical trials published between 2011 and 2021 that investigated the efficacy of PRP treatments for chronic DFUs.

DATA EXTRACTION
Extracted data included study type and size, participant sex and age, duration of diabetes, glycated hemoglobin levels, baseline ulcer area, wound duration, healing parameters, PRP preparation approach, and application type.

DATA SYNTHESIS
Randomized prospective studies (n = 8), prospective controlled studies (n = 2), and a double-blind, randomized controlled study (n = 1) were included in the review. In general, PRP plus standard of care provided superior wound healing, in both percentage of wound closure and healing rate, compared with standard of care alone.

CONCLUSIONS
Use of PRP as an adjuvant for healing chronic DFUs appears to improve wound healing. Further research on optimizing PRP preparation and exploring combinatorial approaches will be important in advancing this avenue for chronic wound healing.
Midazolam Boosting With Cobicistat in a Patient With Drug-Resistant Epilepsy and Focal Status Epilepticus
Authors: Born-Bondt van den Tessa , Westra Niels , Krzywicka Katarzyna , Moes Harmen R. , Schuls-Fouchier Manon , Touw Daan J. , Thijs H Oude Munnink 
Published: November 2024

Background:
This report presents the case of a patient with drug-resistant epilepsy. Despite treatment with 4 antiepileptic drugs, the patient experienced an increasing frequency of focal seizures, necessitating hospitalization, and continuous intravenous midazolam infusion.

Methods:
Cobicistat was introduced as a pharmacokinetic booster to decrease the metabolic clearance of midazolam, leading to increased exposure and an extended half-life.

Results:
Cobicistat boosting allowed the switch from intravenous to oral midazolam, and the patient was discharged on an oral midazolam regimen.

Conclusions:
Cobicistat can be effectively used to boost midazolam exposure pharmacokinetically in patients with drug-resistant epilepsy who require stable midazolam blood concentrations.
Pre-declaration Fetal Dose Assignment and Predictive Full term Fetal Dose at Medical Facilities
Authors: Underwood James Kyle , Sturchio Glenn M. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Many medical facilities across the United States use ionizing-radiation-producing machines and radioactive materials for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes on a regular basis. While institutions are required to ensure full-term fetal doses are below the regulatory limit, clear guidance on how pre-declaration fetal doses should be estimated is not available. This paper provides a process that can be used to estimate the pre-declaration fetal dose and provides a predictive screening tool for licensees to use to recommend workload adjustments prior to actual fetal dosimetry results that could exceed the institutions derived investigation levels. The evaluation process presented herein serves as a guide for medical licensees when performing fetal dose evaluations for declared pregnant workers.
Medical Cases and Its Role in TCM Pedagogy: A Narrative Analysis
Authors: Zhao Yunfan , Tan Xinyi , Chen Xiaoyun 
Published: November 2024

Abstract:
Narrative medicine has gained significant attention in recent decades. The similarities between "parallel charts" and "medical cases" in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) primarily lie in their authenticity. However, they differ in structure and narrative methods. Furthermore, medical case teaching is a prevalent pedagogical approach in TCM education that practitioners must master. This study explores the connection between TCM medical case teaching and narrative medicine, and concludes that the evolution of modern TCM case teaching aligns with the international standards of narrative medicine while integrating key TCM characteristics to enhance its value. This approach is essential for fostering humanistic sentiments, empathy, and reflective capabilities among future well-rounded TCM practitioners.
Diffusion-Weighted Imaging–Based Radiomics Features and Machine Learning Method to Predict the 90-Day Prognosis in Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Li Guirui , Zhang Yueling , Tang Jian , Chen Shijian , Liu Qianqian , Zhang Jian , Shi Shengliang 
Published: November 2024

Objectives:
The evaluation of the prognosis of patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is of great significance in clinical practice. We aim to evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) image-based radiomics features and machine learning methods in predicting 90-day prognosis among patients with AIS.

Patients and Methods:
We enrolled a total of 171 patients with AIS in this study, including 134 patients with a good prognosis and 37 patients with a poor prognosis, and collected the patients’ clinical and DWI image data. Radiomics features from manually sketched ischemic lesions were extracted using the Pyradiomics package of Python, and the best radiomics features were selected by a t test and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator. The radiomics model and clinical model were constructed using support vector machine and logistic regression, respectively, and the predictive performance of each model was evaluated.

Results:
We selected 9 features from a total of 851 radiomics features to build the final radiomics model. For predicting the poor prognosis of patients with AIS, the area under the curves, accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of the clinical model, radiomics model in the training set and radiomics model in the testing set were 0.865, 0.930 and 0.906, 81.3%, 92.0% and 90.0%, 81.1%, 76.0% and 75.0%, and 81.3%, 97.0% and 95.0%, respectively.

Conclusions:
DWI image-based radiomics features and machine learning methods can accurately predict the 90-day prognosis of patients with AIS, and the radiomics model is superior to the clinical model in predicting prognosis.
Developing international scope and standards for high-quality home-based nursing practice
Authors: Narayan Mary Curry , Hinck Susan , Harris Marilyn D. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract:
The scope and standards of professional nursing practice define and guide high-quality nursing care. This article describes the collaboration between the International Home Care Nurses Organization and the American Nurses Association to develop evidence-based scope and standards of practice relevant to home-based nursing around the world.
A Unique Cause of Chronic Right Hip Pain and Unilateral Leg Swelling 10 Years Following Total Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: Banks Evan , Gharib Mahmood 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Patient is a 64-year-old female with a history of right total hip arthroplasty (THA) who presented with progressive painful right lower extremity edema and chronic groin pain for 2 years. A CT scan from October 2021 revealed an expanding, large iliopsoas bursal fluid collection that caused compression of the right common femoral artery and vein in June 2023. Further workup excluded deep venous thrombosis or infectious causes. Iliopsoas fluid collections can result from various conditions such as a rare complication of THA. This is likely due to mechanical irritation from the prosthetic components and was confirmed with resolution of symptoms after undergoing revision of THA in 2024. This case highlights iliopsoas hematoma as a rare but important consideration in patients with unilateral lower extremity edema following THA.
Dermatological manifestations during Dengue, Chikungunya, and Zika infections
Authors: Sonego Benedetta , Schettini Antonio , Talhari Sinesio , Maciel Luiz , Massone Cesare 
Published: November 2024

Purpose of review
Arboviral infections caused by Dengue, Zika, and Chikungunya viruses continue to pose a significant global health threat, particularly in endemic regions. This review is timely because of the increasing prevalence of these infections, driven by factors such as urbanization and climate change. Dermatological manifestations of these viruses are crucial for early diagnosis, especially given the overlap in symptoms, which can complicate differential diagnosis.

Recent findings
Recent studies emphasize the importance of mucocutaneous symptoms in diagnosing arboviral infections. In Dengue, distinctive rashes like the ‘islands of white in a sea of red’ and hemorrhagic skin manifestations have been key diagnostic features. Zika is marked by a pruritic maculopapular rash and nonpurulent conjunctivitis, whereas Chikungunya often results in persistent rashes, desquamation, and hyperpigmentation, particularly on the face. Emerging research highlights the skin's role as both a primary infection site and an immune mediator in these viral diseases, offering new insights into their pathophysiology and potential therapeutic targets.

Summary
The unique dermatological profiles of Dengue, Zika, and Chikungunya are critical for guiding clinical diagnosis and treatment, especially in resource-limited settings. Understanding these cutaneous manifestations can improve early recognition, particularly in differentiating between these viruses in co-endemic areas. Future research may uncover novel therapeutic strategies by focusing on the interaction between these viruses and the skin's immune responses.
Experimental comparison of mowing and mulching on snail communities in wet meadows
Authors: Farkas Roland , Bán Miklós , Oláh Gergő , Dudás György , Barta Zoltán 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe condition of wet meadows nowadays depends mainly on human activities; the biodiversity and productivity of these habitats can only be maintained by appropriate management methods. Mowing and grazing are well-known traditional methods, but a new method, regular mulching – the fragmentation of plant material and its deposition in the area - is also increasingly used. The ecological impact of traditional management is still not fully known, and we know almost nothing about the effects of mulching. To better understand the impact of these methods we directly compared their effects on snails, an invertebrate taxon common in these habitats and known as good bioindicators. We experimentally manipulated management methods on two wet meadows in Northern Hungary, Europe, and surveyed their snail communities immediately before and one year after treatments. Our results showed that mowing had a detectable negative effect on the snail communities. On the other hand, mulching did not alter their characteristics. Therefore, mulching may be a more desirable method for short-term interventions on wet meadows, whilst at the same time also preserving their biodiversity.
Neurostructural and cognitive signatures of novel polygenic risk scores for molecular brain aging
Authors: Clifford Kevan P. , Dos Santos Fernanda , Abdelhack Mohamed , Felsky Daniel , Sibille Etienne , Nikolova Yuliya S. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe world population is shifting sharply toward an older-age demographic. To navigate the escalating burden of physical and cognitive decline common to aging, and heightened risk of neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric disease, we require advances in treatment and prevention interventions. These advances are predicated on attaining a deeper understanding of the molecular processes underlying brain aging. Here, we employed novel GWAS and cis-eQTL-based polygenic risk scores (GWASAGE-PRS andcis-eQTLAGE-PRS) indexing genetic risk for accelerated molecular brain aging, and examined their associations with cortical thickness and performance in age-sensitive cognitive domains in 31 384 participants (16 392 women, age 64.1±7.65) from the UK Biobank. WhileGWASAGE-PRS was nominally associated with lower cortical thickness in frontotemporal regions,cis-eQTLAGE-PRS displayed robust associations with greater cortical thickness in age-sensitive frontal, temporal, and parietal regions, including the left and right precentral (pFDR<0.0001, pFDR=0.05), left insula (pFDR=0.05), as well as the right supramarginal (pFDR=0.05) and precuneus (pFDR=0.05) regions. Similar pFDR trending associations occurred bilaterally in the caudal middle frontal (pFDR=0.052, pFDR=0.078) and right insula (pFDR=0.071). These structural findings co-occurred alongside increased executive function performance on the Trail Making Test B (pFDR=0.035), suggesting a potential neurostructural and cognitive reserve phenotype. This resilience profile may reflect previously uncharacterized pathways of brain reserve in age-related pathology, informing future translational research identifying novel treatment and prevention targets.
Towards optimizing diversifying base editors for high-throughput studies of single- nucleotide variants
Authors: Schwartz Carley I , Abell Nathan S , Li Amy , Aradhana  , Tycko Josh , Truong Alisa , Montgomery Stephen B , Hess Gaelen T 
Published: November 2024

AbstractDetermining the phenotypic effects of single nucleotide variants is critical for understanding the genome and interpreting clinical sequencing results. Base editors, including diversifying base editors that create C>N mutations, are potent tools for installing point mutations in mammalian genomes and studying their effect on cellular function. Numerous base editor options are available for such studies, but little information exists on how the composition of the editor (deaminase, recruitment method, and fusion architecture) affects editing. To address this knowledge gap, the effect of various design features, such as deaminase recruitment and delivery method (electroporation or lentiviral transduction), on editing was assessed across ∼200 synthetic target sites. The direct fusion of a hyperactive variant of activation-induced cytidine deaminase to the N-terminus of dCas9 (DivA-BE) produced the highest editing efficiency, ∼4-fold better than the previous CRISPR-X method. Additionally, DivA-BE mutagenized the DNA strand that anneals to the targeting sgRNA to create G>N mutations, which were absent when the deaminase was fused to the C-terminus of dCas9. The DivA-BE editors efficiently diversified their target sites, an ideal characteristic for discovering functional variants. These and other findings provide a comprehensive analysis of how design features influence the activity of several popular base editors.
Low levels of neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 KP.3.1.1 and XEC in serum from seniors in May 2024
Authors: Fossum Even , Vikse Elisabeth Lea , Robertson Anna Hayman , Wolf Asia-Sophia , Rohringer Andreas , Trogstad Lill , Mjaaland Siri , Hungnes Olav , Bragstad Karoline 
Published: November 2024

AbstractNew immune evasive variants of SARS-CoV-2 may increase infections and hospitalizations in risk groups, such as the elderly. In this study we evaluated neutralizing antibodies against KP.3.1.1 and XEC, virus variants that are either widely distributed or on the rise globally, in sera from a cohort of seniors aged 68 - 82 years from April/May 2024. Neutralizing responses were low against both KP.3.1.1 and XEC, supporting the recommendation of an updated covid-19 vaccine booster in this age group.
In silicoanalysis of the evolution of root phenotypes during maize domestication in Neolithic soils of Tehuacán
Authors: Lopez-Valdivia Ivan , Vallebueno-Estrada Miguel , Rangarajan Harini , Swarts Kelly , Benz Bruce F. , Blake Michael , Sidhu Jagdeep Singh , Perez-Limon Sergio , Sawers Ruairidh J. H. , Schneider Hannah , Lynch Jonathan P. 
Published: November 2024

SummaryRoots are essential for plant adaptation to changing environments, yet the role of roots in crop domestication remains unclear. This study examines the evolution of root phenotypes from teosinte to maize, a transition resulting in reduced nodal root number (NRN), multiseriate cortical sclerenchyma (MCS), and increased seminal root number (SRN). We reconstructed the root phenotypes of maize and teosinte, as well as the environments of the Tehuacan Valley over the last 18,000 years using a combination of ancient DNA, paleobotany, and functional-structural modeling. Our models reveal that increasing Holocene atmospheric CO2concentrations favored the appearance of reduced NRN and MCS between 12000 to 8000 years before present (yBP), promoting deeper root systems. The advent of irrigation by 6000 yBP switched nitrogen distribution from topsoil to subsoil domains, a change which increased the utility of reduced NRN and MCS. Comparison of allelic frequencies among ancient samples ranging from 5500 to 500 yBP suggest that increased SRN may have appeared around 3500 yBP, coinciding with a period of increased human population, agricultural intensification, and soil degradation. Our results suggest that root phenotypes that enhance plant performance under nitrogen stress were important for maize adaptation to changing agricultural practices in the Tehuacan Valley.ClassificationPhysiology & Development
Mycobacterial lipoarabinomannan negatively interferes with macrophage responses toAspergillus fumigatus in-vitro
Authors: Gonzales-Huerta LE , Williams TJ , Aljohani R , Robertson B , Evans CA , Armstrong-James DPH 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionOver 1 million people have chronic pulmonary aspergillosis (CPA) secondary to pulmonary tuberculosis. Additionally,Aspergillus fumigatus(Af) has been reported as one of the most common pathogens associated with mycobacteria in patients with cystic fibrosis. Mycobacterial virulence factors, like lipoarabinomannan, have been shown to interfere with host’s intracellular pathways required for an effective immune response, however, the immunological basis for mycobacterial-fungal coinfection is still unknown. We therefore investigated the effect of lipoarabinomannan on macrophage responses againstAf.MethodsBone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) were stimulated with non-mannose-capped lipoarabinomannan (LAM) fromMycobacterium smegmatisor mannose-capped lipoarabinomannan (ManLAM) fromMycobacterium tuberculosisfor 2 hours and then infected with swollenAfconidia. Cell death was assessed by lactate dehydrogenase release. Cytokine release was measured in supernatant using Enzyme Linked Immuno-Sorbent Assay (ELISA). Colony forming units counting and time-lapse fluorescence microscopy was performed for studying conidia killing by macrophages.ResultsBMDMs stimulated with LAM showed increased cell death and inflammatory cytokine release in a dose-dependent manner, characterised by a significant increase of IL-1β release. Time-lapse fluorescence microscopy and CFUs revealed that both LAM and ManLAM significantly decrease the capacity of macrophages to killAfconidia within the first 6 hours of infection.ConclusionsThe mycobacterial virulence factor, lipoarabinomannan, disrupts macrophage capacity to efficiently clearAfat early stages of infectionin-vitro.