bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interaction through boundary objects: controversy and friction within digitalization
Authors: Fremont Vincent Hocine Jean , Frick Jens Eklinder , Åge Lars-Johan , Osarenkhoe Aihie 
Published: September 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to analyze friction and controversies with interaction processes and their effects on forming new resource interfaces, through the lens of boundary objects.

Design/methodology/approach
The empirical setting consists of two organizations that are trying to enhance their competitive advantage through digitalization. During the process of data collection four different boundary objects were identified. The study illustrates how these boundary objects were characterized in terms of their modularity, standardization, abstractness and tangibility. This paper provides an analysis of how respondents perceived that the development of these boundary objects affected the creation of novel resource interfaces, and the resulting friction and controversy between new and old structures.

Findings
The study concludes that within a producer–user setting a focal boundary object will take on tangible and standardized properties, and the interaction process will expose friction in terms of both power struggles and resource incompatibilities. On the other hand, a boundary object’s modularity gives the actors central to the interaction room to maneuver and avoid resource incompatibilities and the development setting will hence be characterized by controversies.

Originality/value
The analysis indicates that the way individuals perceive boundary objects is central to interaction processes, answering calls for studies that investigate the role of objects within subject-to-object interaction.
Exploring the effects of corporate governance and human governance on management commentary disclosure
Authors: Said Roshima , Abdul Rahim Ariffah Ashikin , Hassan Rohail 
Published: September 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of corporate governance and human governance on management commentary disclosure among Malaysian Public Listed in the Main Market, Bursa Malaysia.Design/methodology/approachThe annual reports of 150 companies listed on the main market, Bursa Malaysia, for the year ended 2014, are examined to analyze the company’s management commentary disclosure using content analysis. A management commentary disclosure index was developed based on the five elements that had been established by the Malaysian Accounting Standards Board (MASB) in Practices of Management Commentary’s framework. The study considers four corporate governance mechanisms such as board composition, board size, board’s education and ownership structure. Structural equation modeling (SEM -PLS), partial least squares (PLS) and SmartPLS software were used to measure the impact of corporate governance and human capital on management commentary disclosure.FindingsThe results reveal that most of the information disclosure by Malaysian Listed companies was not presented in a complete and balanced manner and not providing an insight because they are more focused on describing the process. Besides, there was no clear link between companies’ strategies and performance measure. Consequently, the reporting is not balanced and cannot assist the shareholders in understanding the opportunities and risk associated with the business. The results, based on a structural model, indicated that only two variables, namely, board size and board independence, showed a positive and significant influence on the degree of disclosure information of management commentary. Board independence is the most significant variable that influences the degree of corporate governance and human capital on management commentary disclosure.Originality/valueThe study contributes to the information disclosure literature as it presents in empirical evidence proving that governance mechanism affects the management commentary disclosure of information by companies. This study also provides additional information which is expedient to other researchers since there is lack of studies in management commentary which relates the attributes of corporate and human governance mechanisms as key drivers in providing management commentary information. Importantly, this study will stimulate the interest of academics in research activities concerning the attributes of governance mechanisms and corporate and human governance on management commentary activities.
Frugivore biodiversity and complementarity in interaction networks enhance landscape‐scale seed dispersal function
Authors: García Daniel , Donoso Isabel , Rodríguez‐Pérez Javier 
Published: September 2018

Abstract

Animal biodiversity matters for the provision of ecosystem functions derived from trophic activity. However, the mechanisms underlying this pattern remain elusive since animal abundance and diversity, which are the components commonly used for representing biodiversity, provide poor information about ecological complementarity in species assemblages. An approach based on species interaction networks may overcome this constraint.

Here, we relate frugivore biodiversity and frugivore–plant network structure with landscape‐scale seed dispersal function. We sampled, for two years, and at fourteen plots with variable assemblages of frugivores and plants in the Cantabrian Range (N Spain), data on the abundance and diversity of frugivorous birds, the consumption of fleshy fruits of woody plants and the landscape‐scale patterns of avian seed deposition. As a measure of interaction complementarity in seed dispersal networks, we estimated the degree to which frugivore and plant species specialize in their interacting partners.

Specialization varied strongly across the seed dispersal networks of the different plots, being higher in networks harbouring smaller bird species that dispersed mostly small‐fruited plants, and also in networks with late‐ripening, dominant fruiting species dispersed mostly by wintering birds.

Bird abundance markedly affected seed deposition. Plots harbouring more birds received a higher density of dispersed seeds and showed higher probabilities of seed arrival and seed deposition in open microhabitats. Bird diversity also had a positive effect on the density of dispersed seed and, to a lesser extent, seed arrival probability. Independently of frugivore abundance and diversity, the density of dispersed seeds increased in plots where seed dispersal networks showed a higher degree of specialization.

This study considers the structure of interaction networks to re‐address the relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem functionality, evidencing that specialization in frugivore–plant networks drives the large‐scale process of seed dispersal. These results encourage the consideration of interaction complementarity as an underlying mechanism linking animal biodiversity and trophic‐related functions.
Knowledge transfer in age‐diverse coworker dyads in China and Germany: How and when do age‐inclusive human resource practices have an effect?
Authors: Burmeister Anne , van der Heijden Beatrice , Yang Jie , Deller Jürgen 
Published: September 2018

AbstractKnowledge transfer between age‐diverse employees is gaining importance because of demographic change. We took a relational perspective to examine the indirect effect of human resource practices on knowledge transfer through age‐diversity climate in age‐diverse coworker dyads and contextualised our model by testing country difference and dyadic age difference as moderators. We used data from 159 age‐diverse coworker dyads from China and Germany to test our hypotheses. We found that perceived age‐inclusive human resource practices were positively associated with knowledge sharing and receiving through age‐diversity climate. However, we did not find support for our hypothesis that these indirect effects differed when comparing China and Germany as examples of collectivist and individualist countries. Furthermore, we did not identify the proposed moderating effects of dyadic age difference as the indirect effects of age‐inclusive human resource practices were not significantly different for age‐diverse coworker dyads in which dyadic age difference was high (vs. low).
Iron Fortification of Spiced Vinegar in the Philippines
Authors: Lopez Barrera Emely C. , Gaur Shashank , Andrade Juan E. , Engeseth Nicki J. , Nielsen Christine , Helferich William G. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractDespite existent fortification initiatives in the Philippines, approximately 50% of the population still suffers from iron deficiency anemia (IDA), mainly in rural areas. Fortification of staple foods has been proved successful in China and Vietnam. Coconut spiced vinegar (SV) is an inexpensive, widely available, and culturally acceptable condiment in Filipino households; however, no technical evidence exists on its potential as fortification vehicle. This study aimed to physicochemically characterize and evaluate the consumer acceptability of SV fortified with ferrous sulfate (FS), ferrous fumarate (FF), or sodium iron ethylenediaminetetraacetate (NaFeEDTA) at 0.2 mg Fe/mL. Iron fortificants were added directly to SV, vortexed, and stored for analysis. A nonfortified SV served as a control. Physicochemical analyses (pH, titratable acidity, color, turbidity, and iron recovery) were conducted from 0 to 6 months postfortification. Consumer acceptability (9‐point hedonic scale: color, appearance, aroma, sourness, and overall acceptability) was conducted using 1‐month fortified vinegar in 96 students and 27 women. Iron recovery of fortified samples was high and similar (>97%) after 3 days of fortification and remained >87% at 6 months postfortification. All samples had minimum acidity of 5.31% and pH between 3.12 and 3.3. Color difference against the control followed the next order: SV‐NaFeEDTA < SV‐FS = SV‐FF. Among students, acceptability of SV‐FS and SV‐FF were lower than the control and SV‐NaFeEDTA for all attributes (P < 0.05) except aroma. In women, overall acceptability and aroma were not different among samples (P > 0.05). Overall, SV‐NaFeEDTA had similar acceptability to the control, and was the most accepted fortified vinegar. SV‐NaFeEDTA shows potential (in terms of physicochemical stability and consumer acceptability) to be used as an iron‐delivery vehicle to address IDA.Practical ApplicationThe present study addresses the technical and organoleptic challenges of fortifying Filipino spiced vinegar with three iron sources. About 50% of the Filipino population (especially women and children) still suffers from iron deficiency, thus, more effective ways to deliver iron are needed. If successful, our study could pose as the base milestone for implementing mass iron fortification of spiced vinegar, given its frequent consumption and reach of all socioeconomic pockets of the Filipino population. Our aim is to improve the overall nutritional health of at‐risk populations, and our study is one step closer to achieve this goal.
Unveiling the RNA virosphere associated with marine microorganisms
Authors: Urayama Syun‐ichi , Takaki Yoshihiro , Nishi Shinro , Yoshida‐Takashima Yukari , Deguchi Shigeru , Takai Ken , Nunoura Takuro 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe study of extracellular DNA viral particles in the ocean is currently one of the most advanced fields of research in viral metagenomic analysis. However, even though the intracellular viruses of marine microorganisms might be the major source of extracellular virus particles in the ocean, the diversity of these intracellular viruses is not well understood. Here, our newly developed method, referred to herein as fragmented and primer ligated dsRNA sequencing (flds) version 2, identified considerable genetic diversity of marine RNA viruses in cell fractions obtained from surface seawater. The RNA virus community appears to cover genome sequences related to more than half of the established positive‐sense ssRNA and dsRNA virus families, in addition to a number of unidentified viral lineages, and such diversity had not been previously observed in floating viral particles. In this study, more dsRNA viral contigs were detected in host cells than in extracellular viral particles. This illustrates the magnitude of the previously unknown marine RNA virus population in cell fractions, which has only been partially assessed by cellular metatranscriptomics and not by contemporary viral metagenomic studies. These results reveal the importance of studying cell fractions to illuminate the full spectrum of viral diversity on Earth.
Geographical ecology and conservation of Eugenia L. (Myrtaceae) in the Brazilian Cerrado: Past, present and future
Authors: Oliveira Hauanny Rodrigues , Staggemeier Vanessa G. , Quintino Faria Jair Eustáquio , de Oliveira Guilherme , Diniz‐Filho José Alexandre F. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractHuman actions have caused the fragmentation of natural vegetation, habitat loss and climate change. The Cerrado, considered one of the global hotspots of diversity, has suffered great habitat loss due to these factors, which has been aggravated by the agricultural expansion that took place during the last 60 years. In this context, we chose species of the genus Eugenia L. (Myrtaceae) occurring in the Brazilian Cerrado to describe richness patterns and range loss, and determine conservation priorities for the Cerrado. Ecological niche models (ENMs) were applied to calculate the geographical range of each species in the past (Last Glacial Maximum – LGM, 21 000 years ago), present (PIP, representing current climatic conditions – 1760 years ago) and future (near future – NF, 2080–2100). These results were combined to calculate the richness of the group and also to estimate the range loss of these species in the future. Moreover, we evaluated the irreplaceability of areas for species conservation, aiming to maximize the biotic stability of Eugenia species. Our results showed that the highest species richness in the past was found in the southwestern region of the Cerrado and, currently, the richest regions are found in the central and southeastern areas. However, in the future, we predict a shift of the greatest values of richness towards the southeastern region, an area currently occupied by the Atlantic forest. Although areas with high conservation priorities were found scattered across the biome, this shift is worrisome due to the high fragmentation rate and intensive human occupation thoughout the Atlantic region. Thus, conservation efforts should focus on areas found within these limits.
Systemic treatments for alopecia areata: A systematic review
Authors: Lai Vivien Wai Yun , Chen Gang , Gin Douglas , Sinclair Rodney 
Published: September 2018

AbstractA range of systemic treatments are used for alopecia areata with variable evidence supporting efficacy. In this systematic review, we evaluated the evidence surrounding systemic treatments for alopecia areata, alopecia totalis and alopecia universalis. A systematic search was conducted of the peer‐reviewed literature published between 1946 and March 2018 via Medline, Embase, Amed, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, PsychINFO and Lilacs. All randomised controlled trials (RCTs) that evaluated the effectiveness of systemic treatments for individuals with alopecia areata, totalis or universalis were included. Sixteen studies were included with a total of 768 participants. We found eight placebo‐controlled RCTs, three RCTs comparing two systemic treatments and five RCTs comparing three treatments. A total of 15 different systemic therapies were investigated. The most frequently investigated therapy was oral prednisolone pulse therapy and oral inosiplex. There was significant variability in the definition of treatment success. No study evaluated the impact of pharmacotherapy on quality of life using complete quantitative quality of life instruments. Adverse events were reported in 13 studies and were corticosteroid related or otherwise well tolerated. Relapse rates were considerable in the four studies that reported this outcome. There is currently no specific systemic therapy that is supported by robust body of evidence from RCTs. The current evidence suggests efficacy of oral prednisolone pulse therapy and oral inosiplex. Evidence does not support the use of oral zinc sulphate, alefacept and efalizumab. Future RCTs should be adequately powered and employ clearly defined clinical response endpoints to allow future meta‐analyses.
Comparison of the prognostic role of Q waves and inverted T waves in the presenting ECG of STEMI patients
Authors: Koivula Kimmo , Nikus Kjell , Viikilä Juho , Lilleberg Jyrki , Huhtala Heini , Birnbaum Yochai , Eskola Markku 
Published: September 2018

AbstractBackgroundBoth Q waves and T‐wave inversion (TWI) in the presenting ECG are associated with a progressed stage of myocardial infarction, possibly with less potential for myocardial salvage with reperfusion therapy. Combining the diagnostic information from the Q‐ and T‐wave analyses could improve the prognostic work‐up in ST‐elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients.MethodsWe sought to determine the prognostic impact of Q waves and TWI in the admission ECG on patient outcome in STEMI. We formed four groups according to the presence of Q waves and/or TWI (Q+TWI+; Q−TWI+; Q+TWI−; Q−TWI−). We studied 627 all‐comers with STEMI derived from two patient cohorts.ResultsThe patients with Q+TWI+ had the highest and those with Q−TWI− the lowest 30‐day and one‐year mortality. One‐year mortality was similar between Q−TWI+ and Q+TWI−. The survival analysis showed higher early mortality in Q+TWI− but the higher late mortality in Q−TWI+ compensated for the difference at 1 year. The highest peak troponin level was found in the patients with Q+TWI−.ConclusionQ waves and TWI predict adverse outcome, especially if both ECG features are present. Q waves and TWI predict similar one‐year mortality. Extending the ECG analysis in STEMI patients to include both Q waves and TWI improves risk stratification.
Perinatal outcome in births after a previous cesarean section at high trial of labor rates
Authors: Lehmann Sjur , Baghestan Elham , Børdahl Per E. , Irgens Lorentz M. , Rasmussen Svein 
Published: September 2018

AbstractIntroductionTrial of labor (TOLAC) is an option in most preganancies after a cesarean section The objective of the study was to compare perinatal outcome in TOLAC and non‐TOLAC deliveries in a population with high TOLAC rates.Material and methodsThis was a cohort study based on population data from the Medical Birth Registry of Norway. We included term, cephalic, single, second deliveries, 1989‐2009, after a first cesarean section (n = 43 422). TOLAC, TOLAC failure, non‐TOLAC deliveries, and after high‐risk and low‐risk pregnancies (no risk/any risk), were compared with respect to offspring mortality, 5‐minute Apgar score Apgar < 7 and < 4, transfer to a neonatal intensive care unit, and neonatal respiratory distress syndrome.ResultsStatistically significant differences were observed (P <0.05). In the low‐risk group the offspring mortality was 2.3/1000 in TOLAC compared with 0.9/1000 in non‐TOLAC. In the high‐risk group, the offspring mortality was 3.7/1000 in TOLAC compared with 0.9/1000 in non‐TOLAC, and the 5‐minute Apgar score < 4 was 3.1/1000 in TOLAC compared with 0.9/1000 in non‐TOLAC. In both risk groups, TOLAC delivery had a higher rate of 5‐minute Apgar score < 7. In the low‐risk group, non‐TOLAC deliveries had a higher rate of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome than TOLAC deliveries.ConclusionsWe observed higher risk of offspring mortality and lower 5‐minute Apgar score in TOLAC than in non‐TOLAC. Possible causes and preventive measures should be explored.
Patient, parent and professional perception of the use of maintenance enteral nutrition in Paediatric Crohn's Disease
Authors: Gavin J , Marino L V , Ashton J J , Beattie R M 
Published: September 2018

AbstractAimMaintenance enteral nutrition (MEN) is routinely used in Paediatric Crohn's Disease (CD) to prolong remission although there is limited evidence for efficacy and a lack of formal guidelines. This study surveyed patients’, parents’ and professional experience with MEN.MethodsTwo questionnaires were developed to survey the experience of MEN; (i) Patients/Parents (children >10 years of age aimed to complete independently) and (ii) Dietitians. Questionnaires were sent to families prescribed MEN after exclusive enteral nutrition (EEN) between 2015‐17 (n = 77) and dietitians working in paediatric regional centres in UK (n = 23).ResultsResponse rate to the questionnaires was 53% patients, 62% parents and 83% dietitians. Patients/parents reported medical/dietetic advice to be the primary factor affecting compliance, 30% patients reported side effects. Fifty‐six per cent of patients/58% parents stated a preference for dietary advice rather than MEN. Dietetic responses indicated 79% used MEN after EEN as standard procedure and 79% did not have exit criteria for MEN. Sixty‐eight per cent perceived the taste was the primary factor affecting patient compliance.ConclusionPatients’ perception of the usefulness of MEN differs to professionals. This study highlights the extensive practice of MEN after EEN in clinical remission, which may not be nutritionally indicated. Patient preference is for dietary advice rather than MEN.
Variations in fatty acid composition of Laoshan goat milk from partum to 135 days postpartum
Authors: Lou Xinman , Li Jing , Zhang Xuexi , Wang Jianmin , Wang Cunfang 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe objective of this study was to characterize the variations in fatty acid (FA) profile during 7 days of colostrum production and 5 months of mature milk production in Laoshan goats. The individual FA profiles of each sample were investigated by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Significant differences in FAs were found between colostrum and mature milk. The contents of saturated fatty acids (SFA), unsaturated fatty acids (UFA), monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), and sum of C6, C8, and C10 (SC6+C8+C10) were all significantly affected by lactation period. Furthermore, there was no significant difference in the ratio of UFA/SFA or C18:2 (cis9, cis12‐octadecadienoic acid)/C18:3 (all cis‐9,12,15‐octadecatrienoic acid) during the lactation period. The highest concentrations of SC6+C8+C10, UFA, MUFA, and PUFA appeared in colostrum, but the highest SFA content was in mature milk. The highest proportions of SC6+C8+C10 and SFA were 11.32% and 79.55% on 5th day and 135th day respectively. By contrast, the lowest proportion of UFA was 20.45% on the 135th day. C14:0 (10.93%–12.87%), C16:0 (27.54%–36.65%), C18:0 (10.47%–14.59%), and C18:1 (18.80%–30.61%) were the most predominant FAs in goat milk with significant differences during the 135 days lactation period except C18:0. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest that the lactation time has a pronounced effect on the FA compositions of goat milk.