bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perioperative dental screening and treatment in patients undergoing cardiothoracic surgery and interventional cardiovascular procedures. A consensus report based on RAND/UCLA methodology
Authors: Cotti E. , Cairo F. , Bassareo P. P. , Fonzar F. , Venturi M. , Landi L. , Parolari A. , Franco V. , Fabiani C. , Barili F. , Di Lenarda A. , Gulizia M. , Borzi M. , Campus G. , Musumeci F. , Mercuro G. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAimTo reach a consensus on a consistent strategy to adopt when screening patients for dental/periodontal infections and on the feasibility of providing dental treatment before cardiothoracic surgery, cardiovascular surgery or other cardiovascular invasive procedures.MethodologyA panel of experts from six Italian scientific societies was created. The deliberations of the panel were based on the RAND method. From an initial systematic literature review, it became clear that a consensually validated protocol for the reproducible dental screening of patients awaiting cardiac interventions was considered mandatory by professionals with expertise in the dental, cardiologic and cardiac surgery areas. However, a systematic review also concluded that the treatment options to be provided, their prognosis and timing in relation to the physical condition of patients, had never been defined. Following the systematic review, several fundamental questions were generated. The panel was divided into two working groups each of which produced documents that addressed the topic and which were subsequently used to generate a questionnaire. Each member of the panel completed the questionnaire independently, and then, a panel discussion was held to reach a consensus on how best to manage patients with dental/periodontal infections who were awaiting invasive cardiac procedures.ResultsA high level of agreement was reached regarding all the items on the questionnaire, and each of the clinical questions formulated were answered. Three tables were created which can be used to generate a useful tool to provide standardized dental/periodontal screening of patients undergoing elective cardiovascular interventions and to summarize both the possible oral and cardiovascular conditions of the patient and the timing available for the procedures considered.ConclusionsUpon publication of this consensus document, the dissemination of the information to a wide dental and cardiac audience should commence. The authors hope that this consensus will become a model for the development of a dedicated protocol, ideally usable by heart and dental teams in the pre‐interventional preparation phase.
Domain‐specific CD6 monoclonal antibodies identify CD6 isoforms generated by alternative‐splicing
Authors: Santos Rita F. , Oliveira Liliana , Brown Marion H. , Carmo Alexandre M. 
Published: June 2019

SummaryThe characterization of the architecture, structure and extracellular interactions of the CD6 glycoprotein, a transmembrane receptor expressed in medullary thymocytes and all mature T‐cell populations, has been enhanced by the existence of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) that specifically recognize the various scavenger receptor cysteine‐rich (SRCR) domains of the ectodomain. Using engineered isoforms of CD6 including or excluding each of the three SRCR domains, either expressed at the membranes of cells or in soluble forms, we provide conclusive and definitive evidence that domain 2 of CD6, previously not identifiable, can be recognized by the CD6 mAbs OX125 and OX126, and that OX124 targets domain 3 and can block the interaction at the cell surface of CD6 with its major ligand CD166. Alternative splicing‐dependent CD6 isoforms can now be confidently identified. We confirm that following T‐cell activation there is a partial replacement of full‐length CD6 by the CD6Δd3 isoform, which lacks the CD166‐binding domain, and we find no evidence for the expression of other CD6 isoforms at the mRNA or protein levels.
Effect of Ca and B incorporation into silicon oxycarbide on its microstructure and phase composition
Authors: Xie Fangtong , Gonzalo‐Juan Isabel , Breitzke Hergen , Fasel Claudia , Trapp Maximilian , Buntkowsky Gerd , Kleebe Hans‐Joachim , Riedel Ralf , Boccaccini Aldo R. , Ionescu Emanuel 
Published: June 2019

AbstractCa‐ and/or B‐modified silicon oxycarbides were synthesized via pyrolysis of suitable polysilsesquioxane‐based single‐source precursors. Their polymer‐to‐ceramic transformation was investigated with thermogravimetric analysis, coupled with in situ evolved gas analysis. The prepared silicon oxycarbides were investigated with respect to their crystallization behavior, network architecture, and chemical compositions. The network connectivity in silicon oxycarbides can be affected/tuned upon using two different “tools”: (a) first, the use of network modifiers, such as Ca in our study, leads to a slight depolymerization of the network via generation of a small amount of Q3 sites; (b) second, the modification of silicon oxycarbide with B/Ca leads to a decrease of the carbon content in the network and thus to a significant decrease of its connectivity. Using these two different effects, the network connectivity in silicon oxycarbides can be finely tuned.
The impact of compassionate care education on nurses: A mixed‐method systematic review
Authors: Coffey Alice , Saab Mohamad M. , Landers Margaret , Cornally Nicola , Hegarty Josephine , Drennan Jonathan , Lunn Cora , Savage Eileen 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAimsTo identify, describe, and summarize evidence from quantitative, qualitative, and mixed‐method studies conducted to prepare nurses and nursing students to lead on and/or deliver compassionate care.DesignMixed‐method systematic review.Data sourcesCINAHL, Medline, PsychINFO, and SocINDEX (January 2007–February 2018).Review methodsPapers were screened by two independent reviewers using an online screening tool and data were extracted using a standardized data extraction table. Parallel‐results convergent synthesis was used to synthesize evidence from included qualitative, quantitative, and mixed‐method studies. Quality appraisal and risk of bias assessment were conducted.ResultsFifteen studies were included with three main themes and six sub‐themes: (a) programme impact (impact on ward‐level and senior nurses and impact on nursing students and educators); (b) programme characteristics (characteristics leading to positive outcomes and characteristics leading to negative outcomes); and (c) programme implementation (implementation barriers and implementation facilitators). Compassionate care education programmes helped enhance nurses' ability to engage in reflective practice, deal with clinical challenges, and gain confidence. The importance of nurturing compassionate care delivery in nursing education was highlighted in the literature. Various nursing‐level, patient‐level, and organizational barriers to compassionate care delivery were identified.ConclusionThe impact of compassionate care educational programmes on nurses was predominantly positive. Further evaluation of the long‐term impact of these programmes on nurses, patients, and organizations is warranted.ImpactOptimal delivery of compassionate care can be achieved by building organizational infrastructures that support nurses from all levels to attend education programmes and lead on compassionate care delivery.
Comparison of effectiveness and drug cost between dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitor and biguanide as the first‐line anti‐hyperglycaemic medication among Japanese working generation with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Ihana‐Sugiyama Noriko , Sugiyama Takehiro , Tanaka Hirokazu , Ueki Kohjiro , Kobayashi Yasuki , Ohsugi Mitsuru 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAims and ObjectivesDipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitor (DPP4i) is widely used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) in several countries such as Japan, whereas biguanide (BG; mostly metformin) is recommended as a first‐line antidiabetic medication in many countries according to evidence mainly from Western countries. Although previous studies reported that DPP4i may be more efficacious for East Asians, direct comparisons of effectiveness and cost between DPP4i and BG have never been conducted in East Asia.MethodsWe extracted claims and medical check‐up data (observation period from January 2010 to March 2016) of adult patients under 70 years old with T2DM who received DPP4i or BG as first‐line antidiabetic drugs. Changes in HbA1c and BMI before and 2 years after the first prescription and annual cost of antidiabetic medication during the second year were compared between the DPP4i and BG groups.ResultsWe extracted 1034 patients who received DPP4i and 365 patients who received BG as the first antidiabetic medication (male sex, 83.0% and 84.9%; HbA1c (mean [SD]), 7.7 [1.4]% and 7.9 [1.4]%; BMI, 26.6 [4.5] kg/m2 and 28.1 [4.3] kg/m2). After propensity score matching, changes in HbA1c and BMI were not significantly different between the groups (HbA1c, −0.67% vs −0.80% [P = .28]; BMI, −0.3 kg/m2 vs −0.4 kg/m2 [P = .42]). Annual cost of antidiabetic drugs was significantly higher in the DPP4i group (US $458.7 vs 273.3 [P < .001]). Many patients continued each medication at the follow‐up visit (78.3% of the DPP4i group and 73.7% of the BG groups).ConclusionsThe first antidiabetic prescription for the patient was mostly continued thereafter. BG may be recommendable as the first‐line medication for patients with T2DM, especially for middle‐aged, male population with greater BMI. It is worth addressing the discrepancy between practice in Japan and that recommended in international guidelines.
The juxtamembrane domains ofArabidopsisCERK1, BAK1, and FLS2 play a conserved role in chitin‐induced signaling
Authors: Zhou Qi , Liu Jun , Wang Jingyi , Chen Sufen , Chen Lijuan , Wang Jinfa , Wang Hong‐Bin , Liu Bing 
Published: June 2019

SummaryArabidopsis thaliana CERK1 is an essential receptor‐like kinase in the chitin signal transduction pathway. The juxtamembrane (JM) domain of CERK1 regulates the kinase activity of this receptor. Here we demonstrate that the JM domains of LysM‐RLKs, CERK1, and OsCERK1 play a functionally conserved role in the activation of chitin signaling in Arabidopsis. The C‐termini of the JM domains of both CERK1 and OsCERK1 are indispensable for their function. Moreover, after replacing the JM domain of CERK1 with that of the nonhomologous RLK, BAK1 (CJBa) or FLS2 (CJFl), the chimeric CERK1 receptors maintained their ability to activate chitin signaling in Arabidopsis. Interestingly, the heterologous expression of CJBa and CJFl did not induce cell death in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves. These results suggest that the JM domains of CERK1, BAK1, and FLS2 play a conserved role in chitin signaling via a mechanism not related to sequence homology.
Determinants of nurses’ willingness to receive vaccines: Application of the health belief model
Authors: Chen I‐Hui , Hsu Shih‐Min , Wu Jiunn‐Shyan Julian , Wang Yu‐Tsang , Lin Yen‐Kuang , Chung Min‐Huey , Huang Pin‐Hsuan , Miao Nae‐Fang 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAims and objectivesTo assess the willingness of nurses to receive vaccines as recommended by Taiwan's “Immunization Recommendations for Healthcare Personnel” (IRHCP), as well as the factors associated with their willingness.BackgroundImmunisation for healthcare personnel (HCP) is a means of reducing pathogen transmission. Also, vaccinating HCP reduces personnel and labour costs during an epidemic.MethodsA cross‐sectional study was conducted. A self‐administered questionnaire survey targeting nurses working in various service units at three hospitals was used. In total, 413 nurses completed the questionnaire. The main outcome measure was the willingness to receive vaccines recommended by the IRHCP, and the variables we assessed included knowledge regarding the IRHCP, individual perceptions (perceived risk of contracting the infection, perceived severity of the infection and perceived transmissibility after disease onset), perceived benefits and barriers to the vaccination, cues to the vaccination and demographics. This study followed the STROBE checklist for reporting this study.ResultsThe willingness of nurses to receive vaccines recommended by the IRHCP was high; the highest level of willingness was for the hepatitis B vaccine. The nurses’ willingness to receive various vaccines recommended by the IRHCP was predicted by the knowledge regarding the IRHCP and perceived transmissibility after disease onset. Except the diphtheria–tetanus–acellular pertussis vaccine, perceived benefits and perceived barriers were also predictors of the willingness to receive vaccines.ConclusionsOur results showed that interventions focusing on increasing the knowledge regarding the IRHCP and perceived transmissibility after disease onset, emphasising the benefits of the vaccination and reducing the perceived barriers to the vaccination are needed to increase nurses’ willingness to receive vaccines.Relevance to clinical practiceIt is suggested using health education courses and mass media broadcasts at the individual and societal levels to raise awareness regarding the benefits of vaccines and enhance nurse’ confidence in vaccination programs.
Humidified versus nonhumidified low‐flow oxygen therapy in children with Pierre‐Robin syndrome: Study protocol for a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Wen Zunjia , Zhang Xin , Liu Yingfei , Li Yan , Li Xiaoyan , Wei Li 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAims and objectivesTo evaluate the necessity of oxygen humidification for low‐flow oxygen therapy in children with Pierre–Robin syndrome.BackgroundWhether to carry out humidification or not in the low‐flow oxygen delivery remains unclear, and currently, there is no published study on this issue in the population of children. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct more studies to elucidate this issue.DesignA randomised controlled trial.MethodsWe attempt to report this randomised controlled trial to comply with the Standard Protocol Items: Recommendations for Interventional Trials (SPIRIT). 188 children with Pierre–Robin syndrome will be expected to inclusion. The participants will be randomly divided into the humidified group (n = 94) and nonhumidified group (n = 94) at a ratio of 1:1. For humidified group, the oxygen will be routinely humidified with disposable bottle containing sterile water, whereas for nonhumidified group, the oxygen will not be humidified. Average arterial oxygen partial pressure (PaO2) and carbon dioxide partial pressure (PaCO2), incidence of ventilator‐associated pneumonia (VAP), nasal cavity dryness, nasal mucosal bleeding and bacterial contamination of the humidified bottle, the cost of nasal oxygen therapy and duration of ICU stay are collected and analysed.ResultsThe study is planned to start in May 2019, and the results will be expected in July 2020.ConclusionsThis study is expected to provide a credible evidence on the necessity of routine oxygen humidification in low‐flow oxygen delivery.Relevance to clinical practiceUnderstanding the role of oxygen humidification and no humidification for low‐flow oxygen therapy in the population of children is beneficial to the nursing care of healthcare providers in clinical setting.
Parents of preterm children narrate constructive aspects of their experiences
Authors: Widding Ulrika , Hägglöf Bruno , Farooqi Aijaz 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAims and objectivesTo explore how parents of preterm infants express the constructive aspects of their experiences. Using the notion of post‐traumatic growth as a back‐drop, this study supplements the research on parents' difficulties by providing a more nuanced understanding of what it is like to have a preterm child.BackgroundResearchers have reported that parents feel afraid, worried, helpless, powerless, guilty and stressed, as well as that preterm birth can be associated with physical and psychological ill health among parents; however, a few researchers have found indications of post‐traumatic growth among parents.DesignThis study includes qualitative interviews and relates to COREQ guidelines for reporting qualitative research.MethodsA total of 13 mothers and 10 fathers of extremely preterm children, as well as 11 mothers and 7 fathers of moderately preterm children, were interviewed. The data analysis was based on thematic analysis.ResultsThe analysis resulted in six themes that describe various constructive aspects of having a preterm child: acceptance of the fact that events do not always occur as planned; gratitude and reconsideration of the situation; reappraisal of close relationships; reliance on one's own ability to deal with events; thankfulness for what one has; and openness to being exposed to various kinds of people and their experiences.ConclusionsThe parents recounted constructive aspects of their experiences such as an altered understanding of themselves, others and life itself. These themes provide a more nuanced way of understanding how parents can relate to having preterm children.Relevance to clinical practiceThis knowledge can help professionals to enable parents to activate their social network and to acknowledge their care for each other, as well as to help parents see beyond cultural ideals regarding childbirth and family life and to find their own solutions to everyday life.
Inhibitory efficacy of different essential oils against storage carrot rot with antifungal and resistance‐inducing potential
Authors: Ojaghian Seyedmohammadreza , Wang Ling , Xie Guan‐Lin , Zhang Jing‐Ze 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe inhibitory effects of essential oils (EOs) derived from coriander, lavender, geranium, thyme, savoury and eucalyptus were assessed against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, the causal agent of carrot white mould. All EOs showed antifungal activity against the pathogen in vitro and in vivo. In addition, all EOs markedly increased 6‐methoxymellein in the treated carrots. The EOs of thyme and savoury were found to be more effective than other tested EOs. The enzymatic tests showed that thyme and savoury EOs were more able than lavender EO to significantly increase the level of chitinases, peroxidases, β‐1,3‐glucanases, polyphenol oxidase, peroxidase and phenylalanine ammonia‐lyase in the treated carrots, indicating that the EOs of thyme and savoury have potential to be considered as effective inducers of resistance against carrot white mould. In this study, all EOs inhibited myceliogenic and carpogenic germination of sclerotia at concentrations 1 and 10 µl/ml sterile distilled water, respectively. After gas chromatography/mass spectrometry, major component in the thyme EO was found to be thymol (39.15%) followed by p‐cymene (13.85%) and carvacrol (10.36%), while in savoury EO were carvacrol (41.9%), γ‐terpinene (17.38) and p‐cymene (11.25%).
Pharmacokinetics of chloramphenicol base in horses and comparison to compounded formulations
Authors: Patel Trishna , Magdesian K. Gary , Estell Krista E. , Edman Judy M. , Knych Heather K. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractChloramphenicol is commonly used in horses; however, there are no studies evaluating the pharmacokinetics of veterinary canine‐approved tablets. Studies using different formulations and earlier analytical techniques led to concerns over low bioavailability in horses. Safety concerns about human health have led many veterinarians to prescribe compounded formulations that are already in suspension or paste form. The objective of this study was to evaluate the pharmacokinetics of approved chloramphenicol tablets in horses, along with compounded preparations. The hypothesis was that chloramphenicol has low absorption and a short half‐life in horses leading to low serum concentrations and that compounded preparations have lower relative bioavailability. Seven horses were administered chloramphenicol tablets (50 mg/kg orally). In a crossover design, they were administered two compounded preparations to compare all three formulations at the same dose (50 mg/kg). Cmax was 5.25 ± 4.07 μg/ml at 4.89 hr, 4.96 ± 3.31 μg/ml at 4.14 hr, and 3.84 ± 2.96 μg/ml at 4.39 hr for the tablets, paste, and suspension, respectively. Elimination half‐life was 2.65 ± 0.75, 3.47 ± 1.47, and 4.36 ± 4.54 hr for tablets, paste, and suspension, respectively. The AUC0→∞ was 17.93 ± 7.69, 16.25 ± 1.85, and 14.00 ± 5.47 hr*μg/ml for the tablets, compounded paste, and compounded suspension, respectively. Relative bioavailability of compounded suspension and paste was 78.1% and 90.6%. Cmax after administration of all formulations did not reach the recommended MIC target of 8 μg/ml set by the Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) for most bacteria. Multidose studies are warranted, but the low serum concentrations suggest that bacteria with MIC values lower than CLSI recommendations should be targeted in adult horses.
Chronic pulmonary aspergillosis in a tertiary care centre in Spain: A retrospective, observational study
Authors: Aguilar‐Company Juan , Martín María Teresa , Goterris‐Bonet Lidia , Martinez‐Marti Alex , Sampol Júlia , Roldán Elisa , Almirante Benito , Ruiz‐Camps Isabel 
Published: June 2019

SummaryThe aim of this study was to describe the characteristics of patients with chronic pulmonary aspergillosis (CPA) in a tertiary care centre in Spain. Retrospective cohort study of all patients diagnosed with CPA between January 2010 and December 2015. The patients were identified through the Microbiology Registry. Demographic, clinical, laboratory, radiological, microbiological and clinical data were recorded. Patients were followed up for 12 months. Fifty‐three patients were included; median age was 61.5 years. Forty‐seven had a lung condition, 25 suffered from COPD, 19 an active malignancy, 10 had previous pulmonary tuberculosis and 9 lung interstitial disease. Twenty‐eight patients presented with chronic cavitary pulmonary form (CCPA) and 20 with subacute invasive aspergillosis (SAIA). Species identified were A fumigatus (34), A niger (5), A terreus (4) and A flavus (3). All‐cause 1‐year mortality was 56%. Predictors of mortality were cancer history (OR, 9.5; 95% CI, 2.54‐35.51; P < 0.01) and SAIA (OR, 5.49; 95% CI, 1.49‐19.82; P < 0.01). Previous pulmonary tuberculosis, surgery for the treatment of CPA and CCPA were found to be associated with lower mortality (OR, 0.05; 95% CI, <0.01‐0.47; P < 0.01; OR, 0.16; 95% CI, 0.03‐0.88; P = 0.035 and OR 0.2, 95% CI, 0.01‐0.67; P = 0.01, respectively). This is the first study providing an overview of the features of CPA in patients from Spain. CCPA was the most frequent form of CPA and A fumigatus the most frequently isolated species. Patients with cancer history and SAIA had a worse prognosis.