bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neural network approach to structural optimization: boundary conditions case
Authors: Ratajewicz-Mikolajczak Elzbieta , Sikora Jan 
Published: December 2018

An electrical field model governing copper electrodeposition process on printed circuit board (PCB) aided by the presence an ultrasonic field is presented in this paper. The problems associated with plating of copper and the current distribution into through-holes and advantages gained by ultrasonic intensification of the electrodeposition process are well known and are the subject of many investigations. Our experiments indicate that a copper layer in a through-hole grows faster than on their flat surface of PCB in this process. On the basis of measurements, a numerical (FEM) model has been proposed. The inverse problem has been formulated for coupled (a boundary conditions) fields making it possible to control the current density and the layer thickness. An artificial neural network is applied to solve this problem.
Boundary integral formulation of the plane theory of thermo-magnetoelasticity
Authors: Abou-Dina M.S. , Ghaleb A.F. 
Published: December 2018

The purpose of this work is to present a general formulation of the static, linear plane strain problem of uncoupled thermo-magnetoelasticity for isotropic media occupying simply connected regions, based on the combined use of the stress function and of the boundary integral representation technique in terms of real functions. A new representation of the mechanical displacement vector is deduced, which makes it possible to reach a complete solution to the problem within the proposed formulation. It is assumed that the electric current inside the body has constant density. Different thermal and mechanical boundary conditions are considered. A simple application for the circular cylinder carrying a steady axial current is solved and the results are analyzed and compared to those existing in the literature. The obtained formulae for this case allow the determination of two material constants through careful measurements of the radial mechanical displacement and the transversal stress component at the surface of the conductor.
Process integration -- A challenge for eddy current and micro-magnetic NDT
Authors: Dobmann Gerd 
Published: December 2018

Non-destructive characterization (NDC) of materials is a technology of increasing application by industrial users for process monitoring and control. The main reason for this fact in materials processing is the need for a better process understanding and mastering in order to produce quality according to a zero-defect-principle and the objective to reduce non-conformities compared with a given quality specification. This means, integration of NDC by use of intelligent sensors into monitoring and control systems to predict mechanic properties and to detect and document their discontinuities (hardness, hardness depth, yield strength, deep drawability, residual stresses, etc.). NDC-technology, which in the last two decades was mainly pushed by research and development in different national and international program [1] now, is matured for a wider range of applications. The special emphasis of the contribution is to give characteristic examples, which illuminate mainly the gain in economical benefit. Eddy current and micro-magnetic techniques have a special advantage to be applied for the mentioned objectives, because electrical and micro-magnetic intrinsic properties and mechanic properties are influenced by the same microstructure parameters and their changes during material processing and material degradation. Furthermore they are sensitive for load-induced and residual stresses. However, their application is restricted to ferromagnetic materials and material phases.
A global optimization approach for the synchronous motors design by finite element analysis
Authors: Cirio Luigi , Lucidi Stefano , Parasiliti Francesco , Villani Marco 
Published: December 2018

The aim of this paper is to propose a global minimization algorithm belonging to the class of Controlled Random Search algorithms, to interface with the Finite Element analysis procedure for optimizing the design of Buried Permanent Magnet Synchronous motors and Synchronous Reluctance motors. The behavior of the proposed algorithm has been compared, in terms of attainable optimum and computation time, with the one of a minimization procedure available at commercial software. This comparison has shown a significant more efficiency of the considered algorithm especially in the more complex designing of a Synchronous Reluctance motor. The goodness of the results achieved with the proposed algorithm shows that combining the FE analysis with a suitable strategy is an effective and powerful tool for the design optimization of electric motors.
Stress concentration in an inhomogeneous piezoelectric slab with crack under constant longitudinal shear
Authors: Ayad M.M. 
Published: December 2018

We investigate the singular stress and electric fields in an orthotropic, nonhomogeneous piezoelectric ceramic strip containing a Griffith crack under longitudinal shear. The crack is situated symmetrically and oriented in a direction parallel to the edges of the strip a non-homogeneity is taken along a direction normal to the edges and is assumed to follow an exponential law. This allows to model a variety of media with material constants that vary monotonically along a certain direction. The mathematical problem is reduced to the solution a pair of dual integral equations which are transformed, in turn, into an infinite system of linear algebraic equations solved by Gauss's elimination method. Numerical values for the stress intensity factor a energy release rate are obtained and the results are graphically represented to display the influence of the considered nonhomogeneity.
Monte Carlo simulations of interaction effects on magnetic viscosity in ferromagnetic granular media
Authors: Verdes C.G. , Diaz B.R. , Chantrell R.W. , Thompson S. , Stancu Al. 
Published: December 2018

A Monte Carlo time and temperature dependent model was developed to simulate magnetization processes in fine ferromagnetic particle media. The model uses a combination between a time dependent Stoner-Wohlfarth model and a standard Metropolis algorithm to find the magnetization of single-domain particle systems. Both magnetostatic and exchange interactions are introduced explicitly. Variation of magnetic viscosity with interactions and temperature is studied. Results show that viscosity exhibits a maximum around coercive field. The value of this maximum is closely related to the strength and the origin of interactions as well as to temperature. Dipolar interactions decrease the viscosity and broaden the viscosity vs. field curve, while exchange interactions lead to an increase in viscosity around coercive field. An increase in temperature up to the critical temperature for the superparamagnetic behavior leads to an increase in viscosity. Further increase of temperature produces a decrease in viscosity.
Evaluation of abnormal respiratory sound "crackle" using time-expanded waveform and FFT analysis
Authors: Kawamura Takeo , Matsumoto Tsuneo , Miura Gouji , Matsunaga Naofumi , Kido Shoji , Jiang Zhongwei 
Published: December 2018

Purpose: Many diseases such as bronchial asthma or pneumonia are detected by chest auscultation with a stethoscope. However, there are no obvious criteria for evaluating the chest auscultation findings. In the present study, chest auscultation findings were evaluated by digital computer analysis. Material and method: "Crackle" was evaluated among abnormal respiratory sounds. Crackles with very short duration were extracted from recorded respiratory sounds, and FFT (Fast Fourier Transform) analysis was used. Result: Spike-like waves could be recognized visually in the time-amplitude plot of respiratory sounds. The durations of each crackle ranged between 12.6 and 31.3 msec. The high/low-pitched sound ratio calculated by FFT analysis ranged between 0.059 and 3.24. Conclusion: The characteristics of crackles could be evaluated objectively by computer analysis. The high/low-pitched sound ratio correlated with the computed tomography (CT) findings and the ratio is useful for differential diagnosis of the disease.
Characteristic analysis and design of a small size Rotary Ultrasonic Motor using the Cutting Method
Authors: Rho Jong-Seok , Lee Chang-Hwan , Jung Hyun-Kyo 
Published: December 2018

The exact analysis of the piezoelectric motor has been impossible to the present time, although many researchers have proposed various kinds of analysis method for the piezoelectric motor using numerical method or analytic method. Also, the arranged design method has not been suggested for the Ultra-Sonic Motor (USM) taking the characteristic into account. In order to address these problems, we propose the analysis and design method for the USM using analytic method combined with numerical method. This method was named as the Cutting Method (CM) in this paper. The 8.5[mm] diameter Rotary Ultra-Sonic Motor (RUSM) is developed using the CM to verify the suggested method and for the demand of small actuators in industry. Finally, the proposed analysis and design method was validated by comparing its outcomes with the experimental data. For the vibrator of the proposed 8.5[mm] diameter RUSM, four kinds of comb-tooth structures were prototyped in this research. Hence, the relation between the speed of the motor and the number of teeth is revealed for the first time. This is noteworthy because the tooth design method has not been proposed and because this result also verified the proposed CM.
Non-invasive model-based localization of ventricular ectopic centers from multichannel ECG
Authors: Farina Dmytro , Dössel Olaf 
Published: December 2018

Non-invasive localization of premature ventricular beat (PVB) foci is very important for medical treatment of numerous cardiac diseases. In this work a model-based method of reconstruction of ectopic center locations is investigated. Within the scope of this method patient's multichannel ECG is used as a reference for optimization of an electrophysiological cardiac model. This model is based on the cellular automaton principle and utilizes anatomical data of the patient. Optimized are coordinates of the ectopic focus as well as excitation conduction velocity of ventricular myocardium. Initial values for these parameters are obtained by solving the linearized problem of electrocardiography in terms of activation times. Optimization is performed by minimization of discrepancy between the simulated and reference ECGs. The aim of the current work is to estimate the quality of ectopic focus localization delivered by this method. Four sample ectopic beats have been simulated, with their foci located in different regions of the left ventricle. 1% Gaussian noise has been introduced into the resulting ECGs. In this way the "measured" ECG signals for this investigation have been obtained. Afterwards the origin of each ectopic beat has been reconstructed using the model-based approach. The method has demonstrated reliable localization of PVB foci, reconstruction errors have not exceeded 6.1 mm.
The models of boundary conditions of electrodynamics on screens and environments with a non-uniform distribution
Authors: Jahanghir Tavakkoli 
Published: December 2018

In the scientific literature, a great deal of attention is paid to building the mathematical models of electromagnetic fields in composite materials in a homogeneous environment which contains a large number of small heterogeneities of different shapes and material compositions [1]. Such models are reduced to solving boundary value problems for differential equations Maxwell with special kinds of particular boundary conditions on the structures of composite materials. In this context one of the important structures is the spatial screen and environment which is to simulate the actual boundary conditions pairing them [2-6]. Such models provide a mathematical foundation for solving problems of electromagnetic-field shielding composite screens, that are used to solve problems of electromagnetic compatibility of technical equipment in radio and electronics.
Non-contact control of elastic vibration with magnetic damping for non-ferromagnetic plate
Authors: Niho Tomoya , Horie Tomoyoshi 
Published: December 2018

This paper describes a method for non-contact vibration control of non-ferromagnetic conductive structures using electromagnetic force. This method has potential applications in conventional engineering and medical engineering. Elastic vibration is induced by an electromagnetic force, which is produced by the interaction between a magnetic field and the eddy currents induced by a transient magnetic field. Since the intensity of the electromagnetic force changes with the intensity or time variation of the transient magnetic field, the amplitude or time variation of the elastic vibration can be controlled by the transient magnetic field. On the other hand, the electromotive force induced by the deformation velocity and magnetic field reduces the vibration, which is referred to as the magnetic damping effect. Since the magnetic damping effect reduces vibration and induces a time delay in the vibration response, consideration of the magnetic damping effect is required for non-contact vibration control of non-ferromagnetic structures using electromagnetic force. In this study, a method for controlling the vibration of non-ferromagnetic conductive structures using electromagnetic force is proposed, which is based on theoretical and one-degree-of-freedom models of vibration with magnetic damping. The parameters of the model are determined on the basis of the coupled eigenvalues obtained from the coupled finite element equation. Feedback control is also used to realize vibration control. In order to examine the validity and performance of the proposed vibration control method, vibration control experiments are carried out for various desired amplitudes and frequencies of vibration.
A magneto-elastic sensor for screening of body position and mobility during sleep
Authors: Traxler Stefan , Pfútzner Helmut , Mijanović Lejla , Popović Jovana , Kaniusas Eugenijus , Futschik Karl 
Published: December 2018

The paper concerns a detector for biomedical screening of sleep apnea which may yield severe reduction of life expectation. The detector is mounted on the thorax including several sensors for respiratory and cardiac activities. An additional magneto-elastic sensor, which is described in this paper, should register both the body position and body movements, both being relevant for diagnostics. The sensor is based on a magneto-elastic bilayer of high bending sensitivity operated in acceleration mode. The sensor is being optimized with respect to material matching, loading (mass optimization) and length, as well as (limited) excursion, resonance frequency and thermal behavior. Application is reported for lab tests on short time events of three kinds: (a) body positions, with focus on back position which favors positive findings, (b) body movements, ranging from arm/leg movements up to upper body rolls, and (c) physiological activities such as respiration, indicating additional potentials of the sensor. The magnetic concept promises a component which is compact, robust, free of wear and cheap. It will be used in combination with sensors for respiration effort and cardiac activity, aiming for a robust single-spot home monitoring device for the assessment of sleep apnea syndrome.
Nonlinear waves in thermo-magnetoelasticity I. Basic equations
Authors: Ghaleb A.F. , Ayad M.M. 
Published: December 2018

A complete set of field equations, constitutive relations and boundary conditions is derived in material form, within the framework of rigorous thermodynamics, to study the nonlinear thermo‐magnetoelastic interactions in anisotropic continuous media for which the specific heat capacity depends on strain and magnetic field. The proposed model includes several other couplings as well and may be considered as a refinement of other existing models. When the medium has finite electric conductivity, it is appropriate to represent the electromagnetic field in terms of the electromagnetic potentials. This has the advantage of reducing the number of field equations. The special case of the perfect electric conductor is briefly mentioned and the linear theory for the isotropic medium of finite electric conductivity is investigated. Comparison is carried out with previous results. The bilinear theory and the propagation of surface regimes and surface magnetoacoustic waves will be dealt with separately.
Oxidative stability of a dairy product like yogurt, with anthocyanin extracts of corozo (Bactris guineensis) and grape (Vitis vinifera)
Authors: Jaimes-Gualdrón Tania Rocío , Alzate Ceballos Johanna Andrea , Rojano Benjamın Alberto 
Published: December 2018

BACKGROUND: Oxidation is a deteriorating process in foods that affects sensorial quality and nutritional value. As a result, there has been a tendency to develop and consume functional antioxidant foods which delay oxidative processes. Anthocyanins are polyphenols which have been associated with high antioxidant activity. OBJECTIVE: To study the protection effect of corozo and grape extract with high anthocyanin content, on the oxidation time of yogurt. METHODS: Colorimetric and fluorimetric assays were used to determine anthocyanin content and antioxidant capacity in the extracts over time. For the yogurt, total phenol content was evaluated and antioxidant capacity by ABTS and ORAC. Also, the pH and color parameters (CIELAB - L*a*b*) were determined for the extracts and the yogurt. Finally, the oxidation of lipids and proteins in the yogurt were determined. RESULTS: A mixture of extracts from corozo and grape had good oxidative stability during the first month of study. There was also protection from oxidation in proteins and lipids during the 21 days of study in a yogurt prepared with the mixture of extracts. CONCLUSIONS: The extracts prepared from corozo and grape are adequate to be used as protectors of oxidation of macromolecules in yogurt.
Teacher education in ICT: Contributions from different training models
Authors: Cabero-Almenara Julio , Valencia-Ortíz Rubicelia 
Published: December 2018

Training the teaching staff in Information and Communication Technologies comes implicitly with the study of its different dimensions and principles, regarding the indications that have been pointed from a variety of studies and works. In our current society, it is clear that the significance of ICT to improve quality and educational performance is not exclusively determined by its presence, but also by the variety of transformations that involves not only using them as a way of consuming knowledge but also seeing them as tools to enrich, create and generate said knowledge. From this perspective, investment in professional development is more important than investment in resources associated with technology. This is an important aspect for incorporation of ITC, not considering only its use to do better things than we do without it, but to do things in a complete different manner. We present this article which describes a tour of some of the bases and models, analyzing the problematic of training in digital skills that teachers might face when they incorporate them into their teaching and professional practice.
Yerel Gıda ve Coğrafi İşaretleme Kapsamında Süryani Şarabının Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Öz Hilal , Dönmez Beril 
Published: December 2018

Yapılan bu araştırmanın amacı, yerel gıda ve coğrafi işaretleme
kapsamında Süryani şarabının değerlendirilmesidir. Turistik ürünün temel
öğeleri arasında; ulaşım, konaklama ve yeme-içme sayılabilmektedir. Yeme-içme
kültürünün, tarih boyunca evirildiği ve zenginleştiği görülmektedir. Mardin,
şehir olarak tarihi, doğal ve kültürel birikim zengini sayılabilecek özellikte
olan bir bölgededir. Bu çalışmada, birçok farklı yönü bir yana bırakıldığında
Mardin’e özgü yeme-içme kültürünün önemli bir öğesi olan Süryani şarabı ön
plana çıkarılmaktadır. Coğrafi işaret tescili almış Mardin’e özgü ürünler
arasında Süryani şarabının olmasının, bölgenin gastronomi ve şarap turizmi
bağlamında önemli bir destinasyon haline gelmesine hizmet edebileceği
düşünülmektedir. Böylelikle Mardin bölgesinin turizm ekonomisine de katkı da
bulunulabilmesi de öngörülmektedir. Aynı
zamanda Mardin’de var olan Süryani şarabının coğrafi işaret alabilmesi için
teşvik niteliği taşıyan bir çalışma olması açısından da bu araştırma önem arz
etmektedir. Çalışmanın kavramsal çerçevesi literatür taramasıyla
oluşturulmuştur ve konuyla alakalı 15 bilirkişi ile görüşülmüştür. Görüşme
sonrasında elde edilen bilgiler derlenerek ifade edilmiştir.
Integritas Kepemimpinan Antikorupsi di Sektor Kesehatan
Authors: Ayunigtyas Dumilah , Parinduri Siti Khodijah , Susanti Fitria Aryani 
Published: December 2018

Kesehatan amat strategis dan berperan penting dalam menentukan kesejahteraan penduduk Indonesia. Anggaran untuk kesehatan dalam Anggaran Pendapatan dan Belanja (APBN) 2017 sebesar Rp 104 triliun, bahkan meningkat Rp 500 miliar dari ajuan RAPBN 2017. Besarnya anggaran di sektor kesehatan membuka peluang disalahgunakan oleh instansi maupun individu terkait. Studi ini bertujuan menganalisis konsep dan implementasi integritas kepemimpinan antikorupsi di sektor kesehatan, Penelitian dilakukan dengan pendekatan kualitatif untuk menggali pandangan stakeholder di sektor kesehatan dan menetapkan fenomena tematik dari analisis isi (content analysis) hasil wawancara. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan adanya keprihatinan yang sama tentang kejadian korupsi di sektor kesehatan seperti halnya sektor lain, karena itu menjadi sangat relevan untuk menyiapkan para pemimpin dengan kompetensi kepemimpinan antikorupsi di sektor kesehatan. Peraturan acuan untuk penerimaan pegawai, penilaian dan penempatan pejabat struktural sektor kesehatan belum secara eksplisit menyatakan kompetensi antikorupsi sebagai
bagian dari persyaratan yang harus dimiliki. Konsep kepemimpinan antikorupsi berangkat dari nilai kebermanfaatan, keinginan menolong, dan karakter â€œamat tangguhâ€/very strong (keberanian untuk bertindak, mengubah dan menerima risiko sehingga memiliki daya tahan terhadap bujukan maupun dorongan untuk melakukan korupsi). Nilai dan norma tersebut semestinya ternyatakan dengan lebih jelas dalam instrumen kompetensi, meskipun penanamannya harus berlangsung sejak dini dan dibangun dari nilai-nilai keluarga, pendidikan agama, sekolah, dan lingkungan pertemanan (peer group). Secara khusus, penetapan seseorang menjadi pemimpin di sektor kesehatan harus mempertimbangkan kompetensi antikorupsi secara komprehensif, antara lain dengan memanfatkan asesmen mulai dari rekam jejak, penilaian rekan kerja dan atasan. Hal penting selanjutnya adalah mengoperasionalkan nilai integritas dan kompetensi antikorupsi tersebut agar lebih terukur dan dapat diaplikasikan.
Percepção de enfermeiros sobre o atendimento í pessoa idosa em contexto de atenção primária
Authors: Rodrigues Ana Rafaela Souza , Crichi Kézia Maués , Polaro Sandra Helena Isse , Gonçalves Lucia Hisako Takase 
Published: December 2018

Objetivo: Compreender a percepção dos enfermeiros sobre o atendimento ao usuário idoso na Unidade Básica de Saúde. Método: Estudo exploratório-descritivo de abordagem qualitativa realizado com nove enfermeiros de UBS de um distrito de Belém/PA, de janeiro a maio de 2013. Resultados: Emergiram as seguintes categorias: a) consulta de enfermagem aos idosos; b) atendimento preferencial e humanizado ao idoso; c) sexualidade do idoso – tema constrangedor para a enfermeira; d) educação para a saúde e dificuldades no atendimento aos idosos. Conclusão: É necessário capacitar a equipe de enfermagem para prestar atenção especializada ao idoso que privilegie ví­nculos dele com seus familiares e comunidade.Palavras-chave: atenção primária í saúde, idoso, enfermagem geriátrica.Â