bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The orbitofrontal cortex modulates parenting stress in the maternal brain
Authors: Noriuchi Madoka , Kikuchi Yoshiaki , Mori Kumiko , Kamio Yoko 
Published: February 2019

AbstractMany mothers are adaptive, deploying successful coping strategies that mitigate the deleterious effects of parenting stress on caregiving, nevertheless, the neural mechanisms underlying these adaptive responses remain unclear. We utilized functional magnetic resonance imaging to investigate brain activity in 28 healthy mothers of typically developing, 2-to-3-year-old children in response to the feeding behavior of their own children versus that of other children. We then examined the correlation between maternal brain activation and subjective feelings of parenting stress. Brain regions associated with maternal motivation including the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), ventral pallidum, periaqueductal gray (PAG), dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN), and anterior insular cortex (AIC)—as well as those associated with the recognition of one’s own child’s state (e.g., cerebellum)—exhibited significant activation in response to their own children. While mothers with higher activation in the OFC showed less parenting stress related to one’s sense of competence in the parental role, mothers with higher co-activation of the OFC with both of the AIC and PAG/DRN, and with the cerebellum showed less parenting stress caused by child characteristics. Our findings suggest that well-balanced maternal brain mechanisms integrated by the OFC may provide effective adaptive responses in daily parenting scenarios.
Hyperthermia enhances photodynamic therapy by regulation of HCP1 and ABCG2 expressions via high level ROS generation
Authors: Kurokawa Hiromi , Ito Hiromu , Terasaki Masahiko , Matsui Hirofumi 
Published: February 2019

AbstractPhotodynamic therapy (PDT) is a cancer treatment that make use of the cancer-specific accumulation of porphyrins. We have reported that mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mitROS) upregulate uptake transporter of porphyrins, heme carrier protein-1 (HCP-1). The accumulation of cancer-specific porphyrins was increased by mitROS production, thereby the cancer-specific PDT cytotoxicity was enhanced. Thus we investigated whether mitROS production by hyperthermia can enhanced the cytotoxicity of PDT or not. In this study, 1 h of hyperthermia at 42 °C increased the mitROS production, and both the accumulation of cancer-specific porphyrins and the PDT cytotoxicity increased. Moreover, the authors treated cells with N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) to examine the effect of mitROS. NAC inhibited the increasing ROS production after hyperthermia to restrain the post-treatment increase of cancer-specific porphyrins accumulation. Moreover, the increase of ROS production in cancer cells after hyperthermia upregulated HCP-1 expression and downregulated ABCG2 expression. These regulation were inhibited by NAC. These results suggest that hyperthermia treatment increased mitROS production, which involved HpD accumulation and enhanced PDT effects in cancer cells. The mechanism of this phenomenon was most likely to be due to both the upregulation of HCP-1 and the downregulation of ABCG2 by mitROS.
Liver-specific Gene Delivery Using Engineered Virus-Like Particles of Hepatitis E Virus
Authors: Lee Eun Byul , Kim Jung-Hee , Hur Wonhee , Choi Jung Eun , Kim Sung Min , Park Dong Jun , Kang Byung-Yoon , Lee Gil Won , Yoon Seung Kew 
Published: February 2019

AbstractVirus-like particles (VLPs) possess great potential for organ-specific transport of therapeutic agents due to their central cavity surrounded by viral capsid proteins and similar tropism to their original viruses. The N-terminal truncated second open reading frame (Nt-ORF2) of the hepatotropic hepatitis E virus (HEV) forms VLPs via self-assembly. In the present study, we investigated whether HEV-LPs could deliver foreign genes specifically to the liver. HEV-LPs were obtained from Nt-ORF2 expression in Huh7 cells that were transduced with recombinant baculoviruses and purified by continuous density gradient centrifugation. The purified HEV-LPs efficiently penetrated liver-derived cell lines and the liver tissues. To evaluate HEV-LPs as gene delivery tools, we encapsulated foreign plasmids in HEV-LPs with disassembly/reassembly systems. Green fluorescence was detected at higher frequency in liver-derived Huh7 cells treated with HEV-LPs bearing GFP-encoding plasmids than in control cells. Additionally, HEV-LPs bearing Bax-encoding plasmids induced apoptotic signatures in Huh7 cells. In conclusion, HEV-LPs produced in mammalian cells can encapsulate foreign genes in their central cavity and specifically transport these genes to liver-derived cells, where they are expressed. The present study could contribute to advances in liver-targeted gene therapy.
Improvement of Terahertz Photoconductive Antenna using Optical Antenna Array of ZnO Nanorods
Authors: Bashirpour Mohammad , Forouzmehr Matin , Hosseininejad Seyed Ehsan , Kolahdouz Mohammadreza , Neshat Mohammad 
Published: February 2019

AbstractAn efficient terahertz (THz) photoconductive antenna (PCA), as a major constituent for the generation or detection of THz waves, plays an essential role in bridging microwave-to-photonic gaps. Here, we propose an impressive approach comprising the use of arrayed zinc oxide nanorods (ZnO NRs) as an optical nanoantenna over an anti-reflective layer (silicon nitride) in the antenna gap to boost the photocurrent and consequently the THz signal. The numerical approach applied in investigating the optical behavior of the structure, demonstrates a significant field enhancement within the LT-GaAs layer due to the optical antenna performing simultaneously as a concentrator and an antireflector which behaves as a graded-refractive index layer. ZnO NRs have been fabricated on the PCA gap using the hydrothermal method as a simple, low cost and production compatible fabrication method compared to other complex methods used for the optical nanoantennas. Compared to the conventional PCA with a traditional antireflection coating, the measured THz power by time domain spectroscopy (TDS) is increased more than 4 times on average over the 0.1–1.2 THz range.
Alcohol consumption and leukocyte telomere length
Authors: Dixit Shalini , Whooley Mary A. , Vittinghoff Eric , Roberts Jason D. , Heckbert Susan R. , Fitzpatrick Annette L. , Lin Jue , Leung Cindy , Mukamal Kenneth J. , Marcus Gregory M. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe relationship between alcohol consumption and mortality generally exhibits a U-shaped curve. The longevity observed with moderate alcohol consumption may be explained by other confounding factors, and, if such a relationship is present, the mechanism is not well understood. Indeed, the optimal amount of alcohol consumption for health has yet to be determined. Leukocyte telomere length is an emerging quantifiable marker of biological age and health, and a shorter telomere length is a predictor of increased mortality. Because leukocyte telomere length is a quantifiable and objectively measurable biomarker of aging, we sought to identify the amount of alcohol consumption associated with the longest telomere length and least telomere length attrition. Among over 2,000 participants from two distinct cohort studies, we found no pattern of alcohol consumption that was associated with longer telomere length or less telomere length attrition over time. Binge drinking may reduce telomere length. Using telomere length as a marker of age and health, these data fail to demonstrate any benefits of alcohol consumption, even when consumed in moderation.
Neighborhood size-effects shape growing population dynamics in evolutionary public goods games
Authors: Kimmel Gregory J. , Gerlee Philip , Brown Joel S. , Altrock Philipp M. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractAn evolutionary game emerges when a subset of individuals incur costs to provide benefits to all individuals. Public goods games (PGG) cover the essence of such dilemmas in which cooperators are prone to exploitation by defectors. We model the population dynamics of a non-linear PGG and consider density-dependence on the global level, while the game occurs within local neighborhoods. At low cooperation, increases in the public good provide increasing returns. At high cooperation, increases provide diminishing returns. This mechanism leads to diverse evolutionarily stable strategies, including monomorphic and polymorphic populations, and neighborhood-size-driven state changes, resulting in hysteresis between equilibria. Stochastic or strategy-dependent variations in neighborhood sizes favor coexistence by destabilizing monomorphic states. We integrate our model with experiments of cancer cell growth and confirm that our framework describes PGG dynamics observed in cellular populations. Our findings advance the understanding of how neighborhood-size effects in PGG shape the dynamics of growing populations.
Whole-exome sequencing data of suicide victims who had suffered from major depressive disorder
Authors: Tombácz Dóra , Maróti Zoltán , Kalmár Tibor , Palkovits Miklós , Snyder Michael , Boldogkői Zsolt 
Published: February 2019

AbstractSuicide is one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide; it causes the death of more than one million patients each year. Suicide is a complex, multifactorial phenotype with environmental and genetic factors contributing to the risk of the forthcoming suicide. These factors first generally lead to mental disorders, such as depression, schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, which then become the direct cause of suicide. Here we present a high quality dataset (including processed BAM and VCF files) gained from the high-throughput whole-exome Illumina sequencing of 23 suicide victims – all of whom had suffered from major depressive disorder - and 21 control patients to a depth of at least 40-fold coverage in both cohorts. We identified ~130,000 variants per sample and altogether 442,270 unique variants in the cohort of 44 samples. To our best knowledge, this is the first whole-exome sequencing dataset from suicide victims. We expect that this dataset provides useful information for genomic studies of suicide and depression, and also for the analysis of the Hungarian population.
Dust opacity variations in the pre-stellar core L1544
Authors: Chacón-Tanarro A. , Pineda J. E. , Caselli P. , Bizzocchi L. , Gutermuth R. A. , Mason B. S. , Gómez-Ruiz A. I. , Harju J. , Devlin M. , Dicker S. R. , Mroczkowski T. , Romero C. E. , Sievers J. , Stanchfield S. , Offner S. , Sánchez-Argüelles D. 
Published: February 2019

Context. The study of dust emission at millimeter wavelengths is important to shed light on the dust properties and physical structure of pre-stellar cores, the initial conditions in the process of star and planet formation.
Aims. Using two new continuum facilities, AzTEC at the Large Millimeter Telescope Alfonso Serrano and MUSTANG-2 at the Green Bank Observatory, we aim to detect changes in the optical properties of dust grains as a function of radius for the well-known pre-stellar core L1544.
Methods. We determined the emission profiles at 1.1 and 3.3 mm and examine whether they can be reproduced in terms of the current best physical models for L1544. We also made use of various tools to determine the radial distributions of the density, temperature, and dust opacity in a self-consistent manner.
Results. We find that our observations cannot be reproduced without invoking opacity variations. New temperature and density profiles, as well as opacity variations across the core, have been derived with the new data. The opacity changes are consistent with the expected variations between uncoagulated bare grains, toward the outer regions of the core, and grains with thick ice mantles, toward the core center. A simple analytical grain growth model predicts the presence of grains of ~3–4 μm within the central 2000 au for the new density profile.
Evolving optical polarisation of the black hole X-ray binary MAXI J1820+070
Authors: Veledina Alexandra , Berdyugin Andrei V. , Kosenkov Ilia A. , Kajava Jari J. E. , Tsygankov Sergey S. , Piirola Vilppu , Berdyugina Svetlana V. , Sakanoi Takeshi , Kagitani Masato , Kravtsov Vadim , Poutanen Juri 
Published: February 2019

Aims. The optical emission of black hole transients increases by several magnitudes during the X-ray outbursts. Whether the extra light arises from the X-ray heated outer disc, from the inner hot accretion flow, or from the jet is currently debated. Optical polarisation measurements are able to distinguish the relative contributions of these components.
Methods. We present the results of BVR polarisation measurements of the black hole X-ray binary MAXI J1820+070 during the period of March-April 2018.
Results. We detect small, ∼0.7%, but statistically significant polarisation, part of which is of interstellar origin. Depending on the interstellar polarisation estimate, the intrinsic polarisation degree of the source is between ∼0.3% and 0.7%, and the polarisation position angle is between ∼10 ° −30°. We show that the polarisation increases after MJD 58222 (2018 April 14). The change is of the order of 0.1% and is most pronounced in the R band. The change of the source Stokes parameters occurs simultaneously with the drop of the observed V-band flux and a slow softening of the X-ray spectrum. The Stokes vectors of intrinsic polarisation before and after the drop are parallel, at least in the V and R filters.
Conclusions. We suggest that the increased polarisation is due to the decreasing contribution of the non-polarized component, which we associate with the the hot flow or jet emission. The low polarisation can result from the tangled geometry of the magnetic field or from the Faraday rotation in the dense, ionised, and magnetised medium close to the black hole. The polarized optical emission is likely produced by the irradiated disc or by scattering of its radiation in the optically thin outflow.
Öfter mal das Großhirn einschalten …
Authors: Hertlein Margit 
Published: February 2019

ZusammenfassungWie nahe sind wir noch an unseren Ur-Instinkten? „Sehr nahe“, sagt unsere Autorin
Margit Hertlein und beschreibt weiter: „Solange wir auf kleine Provokationen
genauso reagieren wie auf einen Wollnashorn-Angriff, folgt auch unser Gehirn den
archaischen Ritualen Angriff, Flucht oder Starre.“ Zum Glück ist das
trainierbar.
Radial Access for Lower Extremity Peripheral Arterial Interventions: Do We Have the Tools?
Authors: Posham Raghuram , Young Lindsay , Lookstein Robert , Pena Constantino , Patel Rahul , Fischman Aaron 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe benefits of transradial arterial access (TRA) versus transfemoral arterial access (TFA) have been extensively described in the literature; however, TFA remains the predominant access site choice in the management of peripheral arterial disease (PAD). There are still significant unmet needs for operators wishing to provide the same effective interventions for lower extremity PAD via TRA as with TFA. This article provides an up-to-date review of the literature and devices currently available for operators wishing to treat lower extremity PAD via TRA and the limitations they may face.
On the Cutting Edge: Wound Care for the Endovascular Specialist
Authors: Yates Timothy , Vianna Sofia , Adenikinju Omosalewa , Beasley Robert , Houseworth Jon , Olivieri Brandon 
Published: February 2019

AbstractClinical outcomes in patients with critical limb ischemia (CLI) depend not only on endovascular restoration of macrovascular blood flow but also on aggressive periprocedural wound care. Education about this area of CLI therapy is essential not only to maximize the benefits of endovascular therapy but also to facilitate participation in the multidisciplinary care crucial to attaining limb salvage. In this article, we review the advances in wound care products and therapies that have granted the wound care specialist the ability to heal previously nonhealing wounds. We provide a primer on the basic science behind wound healing and the pathogenesis of ischemic wounds, familiarize the reader with methods of tissue viability assessment, and provide an overview of wound debridement techniques, dressings, hyperbaric therapy, and tissue offloading devices. Lastly, we explore emerging technology on the horizons of wound care.
Pilot Comparison of Adjustment Protocols of Personal Sound Amplification Products
Authors: Oliver Antoinette , Srinivasan Nirmal , Lin Frank , Korczak Peggy , Reed Nicholas 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe Over-the-Counter Hearing Aid Act of 2017 was signed into law in August 2017 and facilitates the introduction of direct-to-consumer sales of hearing aids for adults with mild-to-moderate hearing loss. Among many questions surrounding over-the-counter sales is the ability of users to self-fit amplification. Many studies have conducted self-fitting procedures using guidance materials provided by audiologists. In this pilot, we explore the ability of users to self-adjust personal sound amplification devices using only materials provided by the manufacturer and contrast this with models that involve a hearing professional. Outcomes to assess adjustments included clinic-based speech-in-noise measures and ability to approximate NAL-NL2 prescriptive targets. We found that an audiologist-driven model provided the best outcomes. However, it is unknown if the difference is clinically meaningful.
Translating Public Health Practices: Community-Based Approaches for Addressing Hearing Health Care Disparities
Authors: Marrone Nicole , Han Hae-Ra , Lin Frank , Nieman Carrie , Suen Jonathan 
Published: February 2019

AbstractEpidemiologic studies reveal disparities in hearing health care with lower prevalence of hearing aid use among older adults from racial/ethnic minority groups and lower socioeconomic positions. Recent national reports recommend exploring innovative delivery models to increase the accessibility and affordability of hearing health care, particularly for underserved and vulnerable populations. With an expected rise in the prevalence of age-related hearing loss over the next four decades due to a rapidly aging population, the condition is a growing public health imperative. This review describes key public health practices for developing and delivering community-based care that characterizes an emerging area of research in novel approaches of hearing loss management programs to reach underserved populations. With evolving technologies that enable care to extend beyond the clinic, adapting a long-utilized community health worker approach presents a strategy for the field of hearing health care to be actively involved in designing and leading initiatives for achieving hearing health equity. Principles from community-based participatory research offer a paradigm for the field to integrate into its research endeavors for addressing disparities. An interdisciplinary approach for engaging these challenges offers hearing health care researchers and providers an opportunity to advance the field and delivery of care.
Determinants of the Quality of Warfarin Control after Venous Thromboembolism and Validation of the SAMe-TT2-R2 Score: An Analysis of Hokusai-VTE
Authors: Barco Stefano , Granziera Serena , Coppens Michiel , Douxfils Jonathan , Nijkeuter Mathilde , Riva Nicoletta , Vanassche Thomas , Zhang George , Lin Min , Kamphuisen Pieter , Cohen Alexander , Beyer-Westendorf Jan 
Published: February 2019

Background Time in therapeutic range (TTR) measures the quality of vitamin K antagonist (VKA) anticoagulation. In patients with atrial fibrillation, the dichotomized SAMe-TT2-R2 score (≥2 vs. < 2 points) can predict if adequate TTR is unlikely to be achieved.
Aims We validated the SAMe-TT2-R2 score in patients with venous thromboembolism (VTE) randomized to the warfarin arm of the Hokusai-VTE trial.
Patients and Methods A total of 3,874 patients were included in the primary analysis (day 31–180 from randomization). The efficacy and safety outcomes were symptomatic recurrent VTE and major or clinically relevant non-major bleeding.
Results The rates of recurrent VTE and bleeding events were higher in patients with a TTR below the median (< 66% vs. ≥66%) resulting in an absolute risk difference (ARD) of +0.5% (95% confidence interval: 0%, +1.1%) and +2.2% (0.9%, +3.5%), respectively. Patients with high SAMe-TT2-R2 score were 76% of total and had lower median TTR (64.7% vs. 70.7%). The SAMe-TT2-R2 score exhibited low negative (0.59) and positive (0.52) predictive value (TTR threshold 66%), and poor discrimination (c-statistic, 0.58). ARD between patients with high and low score was 0% (–0.6%, +0.7%) for recurrence and +1.3% (–0.1%, +2.7%) for bleeding. Results were confirmed in sensitivity analyses focusing on the whole study period (day 1–365).
Conclusion In VTE patients, the SAMe-TT2-R2 score showed unsatisfactory discrimination and predictive value for individual TTR and did not correlate well with clinical outcomes. The choice of starting a patient on VKA cannot be based on this parameter and its routine use after VTE may not translate into clinical usefulness.
Is Asymmetry of the Pons Associated with Hand Function and Manual Ability after Arterial Ischemic Stroke in Children?
Authors: Slavova Nedelina , Shojai Max , Everts Regula , Wiest Roland , Steinlin Maja , Grunt Sebastian 
Published: February 2019

Aim This study was designed to investigate how the asymmetry of the brain stem is related to hand function and manual ability after arterial ischemic stroke (AIS) diagnosed during childhood.
Method Patients diagnosed with AIS during childhood (> 5 years old, diagnosis > 2 years before recruitment) and typically developing peers were recruited by the Swiss Neuropediatric Stroke Registry. Brainstem cross-sectional areas of each side at the level of the pons were measured. Pinch and grip strength were measured with a dynamometer, quality of upper limb movement by the Melbourne Assessment 2 and manual ability by the ABILHAND-kids. An asymmetry index was calculated for all measures (except the ABILHAND-kids). Differences between groups and correlations were calculated using nonparametric statistics.
Results Fourteen AIS survivors without hemiparesis, 10 AIS survivors with hemiparesis, and 47 typically developing peers were assessed. Patients with hemiparesis showed the highest brainstem asymmetry. There was a significant positive correlation between brainstem asymmetry, the asymmetry of strength and quality of upper limb movement, and a significant negative correlation between brainstem asymmetry and manual ability.
Interpretation In pediatric AIS survivors, brainstem asymmetry can serve as an indirect measure of corticospinal tract integrity. It is significantly correlated with strength, quality of movement, and manual ability.