bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Platelet‐neutrophil interaction aggravates vascular inﬂammation and promotes the progression of atherosclerosis by activating the TLR4/NF‐κB pathway
Authors: Liang Xiao , Xiu Chunhong , Liu Minghao , Lin Chaolan , Chen Hanchen , Bao Rui , Yang Shusen , Yu Jiangbo 
Published: October 2018

AbstractPlatelet‐neutrophil interaction is well known for its role in inflammatory diseases; however, its biological role in atherosclerosis (AS) progression remains unclear. Human peripheral blood neutrophils were obtained to compare toll‐like receptor 4 (TLR4), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF‐α), interleukin (IL)‐1β and myeloid‐related proteins 8/14 (Mrp8/14) levels in 22 AS patients with those in 18 healthy controls using quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR) and enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Meanwhile, mouse marrow neutrophils subjected to different treatment were collected for the ELISA assay, cell apoptosis, and Western blot analysis. Normal diet or high‐fat diet ApoE−/− mice with or without administration of Mrp8/14 antagonist paquinimod were used for plasma collection to measure total cholesterol, triglycerides, low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol and high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, TNF‐α, IL‐1β, Mrp8/14, TLR4, and nuclear factor (NF)‐κB p65 levels. The results showed that Mrp8/14 and TLR4‐mediated inflammatory pathway was activated in neutrophils of AS patients. In vitro experiments demonstrated that platelet‐neutrophil interaction promoted the Mrp8/14 release and inhibited neutrophil apoptosis via P‐selectin. Furthermore, platelet‐neutrophil interaction upregulated TLR4/myeloid differentiation factor 88/NF‐κB pathway. Conversely, Mrp8/14/TLR4/NF‐κB interference alleviated AS progression. In conclusion, Mrp8/14/TLR4/NF‐κB activated by platelet‐neutrophil interaction is an important inflammatory signaling pathway for AS pathogenesis.
Upregulated lncRNA small nucleolar RNA host gene 1 promotes 1‐methyl‐4‐phenylpyridinium ion‐induced cytotoxicity and reactive oxygen species production through miR‐15b‐5p/GSK3β axis in human dopaminergic SH‐SY5Y cells
Authors: Xie Na , Qi Jinxing , Li Shuang , Deng Jianzhong , Chen Yuan , Lian Yajun 
Published: October 2018

AbstractLong noncoding RNA (lncRNA) small nucleolar RNA host gene 1 (SNHG1) has been demonstrated to be upregulated and play a crucial role in the pathology of Parkinson's disease (PD). However, the exact role of SNHG1 and its underlying mechanisms in PD remains elusive. In this study, we found that SNHG1 and glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK3β) were upregulated, but miR‐15b‐5p was downregulated in 1‐methyl‐4‐phenylpyridinium ion (MPP+)‐treated SH‐SY5Y cells. The upregulation of SNHG1 enhanced MPP+‐induced cellular toxicity in SH‐SY5Y cells, as shown by decreased cell viability, increased ROS production, and increased number of TdT‐mediated dUTP Nick‐End labeling‐positive cells, accompanied with the upregulation of cleaved caspase 3 and elevation of cytochrome C release. Meanwhile, SNHG1 knockdown presented the converse effects. SNHG1 was demonstrated to interact with miR‐15b‐5p. Moreover, SNHG1 could attenuate the inhibitory effects of miR‐15b‐5p on MPP+‐induced cytotoxicity and production of ROS. Besides, GSK3β was identified as a direct target of miR‐15b‐5p. The inhibitory effects of SNHG1 knockdown or miR‐15b‐5p overexpression on MPP+‐induced cytotoxicity and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production were abrogated by upregulation of GSK3β. Taken together, these results demonstrate that upregulated lncRNA SNHG1 promotes MPP+‐induced cytotoxicity and ROS production through the miR‐15b‐5p/GSK3β axis in human dopaminergic SH‐SY5Y cells, suggesting that SNHG1 may act as a potential therapeutic target for PD treatment in the future.
Exploring the effect of N308D mutation on protein tyrosine phosphatase‐2 cause gain‐of‐function activity by a molecular dynamics study
Authors: Sun Ying‐Zhan , Chen Xiu‐Bo , Wang Rui‐Rui , Li Wei‐Ya , Ma Ying 
Published: October 2018

AbstractOne of the most common protein tyrosine phosphatase‐2 (SHP2) mutations in Noonan syndrome is the N308D mutation, and it increases the activity of the protein. However, the molecular basis of the activation of N308D mutation on SHP2 conformations is poorly understood. Here, molecular dynamic simulations were performed on SHP2 and SHP2‐N308D to explore the effect of N308D mutation on SHP2 cause gain of function activity, respectively. The principal component analysis, dynamic cross‐correlation map, secondary structure analysis, residue interaction networks, and solvent accessible surface area analysis suggested that the N308D mutation distorted the residues interactions network between the allosteric site (residue Gly244‐Gly246) and C‐SH2 domain, including the hydrogen bond formation and the binding energy. Meanwhile, the activity of catalytic site (residue Gly503‐Val505) located in the Q‐loop in mutant increased due to this region's high fluctuations. Therefore, the substrate had more chances to access to the catalytic activity site of the precision time protocol domain of SHP2‐N308D, which was easy to be exposed. In addition, we had speculated that the Lys244 located in the allosteric site was the key residue which lead to the protein conformation changes. Consequently, overall calculations presented in this study ultimately provide a useful understanding of the increased activity of SHP2 caused by the N308D mutation.
Glaucocalyxin B protects against oxygen‐glucose‐deprivation/reperfusion‐induced neuronal injury in PC‐12 cells
Authors: Liu Yuxin , Wu Xianchuang , An Jihong , Lv Weiling , Geng Yanna , Lou Tingting , Zhang Yongzhou 
Published: October 2018

AbstractOxidative stress has been implicated in the development of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Glaucocalyxin B (GLB), one of five ent‐kauranoid diterpenoids, was reported to possess neuroprotective activity. However, the effect of GLB on oxygen‐glucose‐deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R)‐induced cell injury in PC‐12 cells has not been explored. PC‐12 cells was treated with various concentrations of GLB (0, 2.5, 5 and 10 μM), and cell viability was detected using the MTT assay. PC‐12 cells were pretreated with the indicated concentration of GLB (2.5‐10 μM, 2 hours pretreatment), and were maintained under OGD for 3 hours, followed by 24 hours of reoxygenation. Cell viability was assessed using the MTT assay. The levels of superoxide dismutase, malondialdehyde, and glutathione peroxidase were detected using commercially available ELISA Kits. Intracellular reactive oxygen species level was measured using the fluorescent probe 2′,7′‐dichlorofluorescein diacetate. The levels of Bcl‐2, Bax, p‐Akt, Akt, p‐mTOR, mTOR were detected using Western blot. Our results revealed that GLB significantly protected PC12 cells against OGD/R‐induced cell injury. In addition, GLB efficiently inhibited oxidative stress and cell apoptosis in OGD/R‐stimulated PC‐12 cells. Mechanistic studies revealed that pretreatment with GLB could induce the activation of Akt/mTOR signaling pathway resulting in protection of OGD‐treated PC12 cells. In conclusion, our data indicate for the first time that GLB protects against OGD/R‐induced neuronal injury in PC‐12 cells. The mechanism of the protective effect of GLB is partially associated with activation of the Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. Thus, GLB may be a potential agent for protection against cerebral I/R injury.
Detection of exosomal tyrosine receptor kinase B as a potential biomarker in ovarian cancer
Authors: Li Wenqian , Lu Yunhui , Yu Xiaohui , Yong Minjie , Ma Ding , Gao Qinglei 
Published: October 2018

AbstractOvarian cancer (OC) is a lethal disease diagnosed at advanced stages due to the lack of specific biomarkers. Tyrosine receptor kinase B (TrkB), which has recently been found to be related to OC progression, represents a promising potential biomarker for OC diagnosis and prognosis. The discovery of circulating exosomes as biomarkers for various diseases led us to explore exosomal TrkB in OC. Our previous study proved that the expression of TrkB was elevated in OC tissues. In this study, we focused on the detection of exosomal TrkB in OC. Exosomes were first gathered from three different OC cell lines’ conditioned medium, serum samples of patients with OC as well as xenograft mice serum by serial centrifugation method. Then, we identified exosomes by transmission electron microscopy, NanoSight analysis, and expression of typical exosomal protein markers. The existence of TrkB in exosomes was measured by Western blot analysis, and the expression was detected by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. In this study, we demonstrated that exosomes could derive from OC cell lines, serum from OC xenograft nude mice, and clinical patients. Our study shows that serum exosomal TrkB may be considered a minimally invasive biomarker for OC.
Chrysin leads to cell death in endometriosis by regulation of endoplasmic reticulum stress and cytosolic calcium level
Authors: Ryu Soomin , Bazer Fuller W. , Lim Whasun , Song Gwonhwa 
Published: October 2018

AbstractChrysin is a natural compound derived from honey, propolis, or passion flowers and has many functional roles, such as antiinflammatory and antiangiogenesis effects. Although endometriosis is a benign gynecological disease, there is a need to identify the pathology and develop a therapy for endometriosis. Elucidating the biological mechanism of chrysin on endometriosis will improve the understanding of endometriosis. In this study, we confirmed the apoptotic effects of chrysin in human endometriotic cells using End1/E6E7 (endocervix‐derived endometriotic cells) and VK2/E6E7 (vaginal mucosa‐derived epithelial endometriotic cells). The results showed that chrysin suppressed the proliferation of endometriosis and induced programmed cell death through changing the cell cycle proportion and increasing the cytosolic calcium level and generation of reactive oxygen species. In addition, chrysin activated endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress by stimulating the unfolded protein response proteins, especially the 78‐kDa glucose‐regulated protein–PRKR‐like ER kinase (PERK)–eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2α (eIF2α) pathway in both endometriotic cell lines. Furthermore, chrysin inactivated the intracellular phosphoinositide 3‐kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (PKB, also known as AKT) signaling pathway in a dose‐dependent manner. Collectively, the results of this study indicated that chrysin induced programmed cell death by activating the ER stress response and inactivating the PI3K signaling pathways in human endometriotic cells.
Application of coordination agent in high‐speed counter‐current chromatography for the preparative separation and isolation ginkgolic acids from the sarcotesta of Ginkgo biloba L
Authors: Zhu Heng , Jiang Hailong , Yu Jinqian , Song Xiangyun , Zhao Hengqiang , Li Jingchao , Geng Yanling , Wang Daijie 
Published: October 2018

AbstractAn efficient coordination high‐speed counter‐current chromatography method for the preparative separation of ginkgolic acids from the sarcotesta of Ginkgo biloba L was developed. The type, concentration, and mechanism of the coordination agent were investigated. Following the use of four types of metal salts including silver nitrate, copper chloride, ferric chloride, and aluminium nitrate, n‐heptane/ethyl acetate/methanol/acetic acid 5:4:1:1, v/v with 0.20 mol/L silver nitrate as the coordination agent was chosen as the optimum two‐phase solvent system. Five main ginkgolic acids including C13:0, C15:0, C15:1, C17:1, and C17:2 were successfully separated with purities greater than 98%. The sample loading was 500 mg, the flow‐rate was 2.0 mL/min, rotation speed was 800 rpm and temperature was 20°C. The structures of the separated ginkgolic acids were identified by comparison with standard samples and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. The introduction of coordination chemistry in high‐speed counter‐current chromatography is novel and effective for the preparative separation and isolation of ginkgolic acids from the sarcotesta of Ginkgo biloba L and could also be applied to separate compounds which form coordination bonds in other complex natural products.
Grazing exclusion—An effective approach for naturally restoring degraded grasslands in Northern China
Authors: Wang Li , Gan Yantai , Wiesmeier Martin , Zhao Guiqin , Zhang Ruiyang , Han Guodong , Siddique Kadambot H.M. , Hou Fujiang 
Published: October 2018

AbstractNearly 90% of the 390 million ha of grasslands in northern China are degraded. ‘Grazing exclusion’ has been implemented as a nature‐based solution to rejuvenate degraded grasslands, but the effectiveness of the rejuvenation processes is uncertain. Here, we investigated the effects of grazing exclusion on aboveground plant community traits, soil physiochemical and biological properties, and the mechanisms responsible for enhanced grassland rejuvenation. A meta‐analysis across various studies was used to assess the effectiveness. On average, grazing exclusion improved vegetation coverage by 18.5 percentage points and increased aboveground biomass by 1.13 t ha−1 and root biomass by 1.27 t ha−1, which represent an increase of 84%, 246%, and 31%, respectively, compared with continuous grazing practices. Grazing exclusion reduced soil bulk density by 13.7% and increased soil water content by 68.9%. Grasslands under grazing exclusion increased soil organic carbon (SOC) in the 0‐ to 15‐cm depth by 3.95 (±0.35 Std err) t ha−1 and total soil N, available N, and total soil P in the 0‐ to 40‐cm depth by 2.39 (±0.14), 0.83 (±0.37), and 1.96 (±0.44) t ha−1, respectively, compared with continuous grazing; these values represent an increase of 31%, 25%, 23%, and 14%, respectively. Prolonging the duration (years) of grazing practices enlarged the differences in SOC and soil N content between grazing exclusion and continuous grazing. Grazing exclusion has improved plant community traits and enhanced soil physiochemical and biological properties of degraded grasslands, and thus, this ‘nature‐based’ approach can serve as an effective means to rejuvenate degraded grasslands.
Exploring biogeographic patterns of bacterioplankton communities across global estuaries
Authors: Ghosh Anwesha , Bhadury Punyasloke 
Published: October 2018

AbstractEstuaries provide an ideal niche to study structure and function of bacterioplankton communities owing to the presence of a multitude of environmental stressors. Bacterioplankton community structures from nine global estuaries were compared to understand their broad‐scale biogeographic patterns. Bacterioplankton community structure from four estuaries of Sundarbans, namely Mooriganga, Thakuran, Matla, and Harinbhanga, was elucidated using Illumina sequencing. Bacterioplankton communities from these estuaries were compared against available bacterioplankton sequence data from Columbia, Delaware, Jiulong, Pearl, and Hangzhou estuaries. All nine estuaries were dominated by Proteobacteria. Other abundant phyla included Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, Cyanobacteria, Planctomycetes, and Verrucomicrobia. The abundant bacterial phyla showed a ubiquitous presence across the estuaries. At class level, the overwhelming abundance of Gammaproteobacteria in the estuaries of Sundarbans and Columbia estuary clearly stood out amidst high abundance of Alphaproteobacteria observed in the other estuaries. Abundant bacterial families including Rhodobacteriaceae, Shingomonadaceae, Acidobacteriaceae, Vibrionaceae, and Xanthomondaceae also showed ubiquitous presence in the studied estuaries. However, rare taxa including Chloroflexi, Tenericutes, Nitrospirae, and Deinococcus‐Thermus showed clear site‐specific distribution patterns. Such distribution patterns were also reinstated by nMDS ordination plots. Such clustering patterns could hint toward the potential role of environmental parameters and substrate specificity which could result in distinct bacterioplankton communities at specific sites. The ubiquitous presence of abundant bacterioplankton groups along with their strong correlation with surface water temperature and dissolved nutrient concentrations indicates the role of such environmental parameters in shaping bacterioplankton community structure in estuaries. Overall, studies on biogeographic patters of bacterioplankton communities can provide interesting insights into ecosystem functioning and health of global estuaries.
Catch Efficiency of Groundgears in a Bottom Trawl Fishery: A Case Study of the Barents Sea Haddock
Authors: Larsen Roger B. , Herrmann Bent , Brinkhof Jesse , Grimaldo Eduardo , Sistiaga Manu , Tatone Ivan 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
The catch efficiency of two types of groundgear—a conventional rockhopper and a new type of groundgear called the semicircular spreading gear (SCSG)—was investigated through experimental fishing for Haddock Melanogrammus aeglefinus conducted in the Barents Sea. A retainer bag was attached behind the footrope of the trawl, and the number of fish that were overrun by the trawl was compared with the catch in the trawl cod end. The catch efficiency increased slightly for larger Haddock for both groundgears. The SCSG was found to have a significantly higher catch efficiency than the conventional rockhopper groundgear. The estimated improvement in catch efficiency varied between 4.5% and 12.3%, with an equivalent reduction in escape rate underneath the groundgear of more than 70%. The rockhopper groundgear can have a catch efficiency as low as 76%, corresponding with values reported in previous studies. Average catch efficiency for the rockhopper gear was significantly lower during the night in comparison with the daytime. No such difference was found with the SCSG. The SCSG is more efficient for catching Haddock, and it is lighter than the rockhopper groundgear. Both are important factors in reducing seabed impact and fuel consumption. When compared to results of a similar study on Atlantic Cod Gadus morhua, we found that in general, both groundgears had a greater catch efficiency for Haddock, which accords with differences in behavior between the two species.
Pharmacokinetics of the Meropenem Component of Meropenem‐Vaborbactam in the Treatment of KPC‐Producing Klebsiella pneumoniae Bloodstream Infection in a Pediatric Patient
Authors: Hanretty Alexandra M. , Kaur Ishminder , Evangelista Alan T. , Moore Wayne S. , Enache Adela , Chopra Arun , Cies Jeffrey J. 
Published: October 2018

Meropenem‐vaborbactam is a new β‐lactam/β‐lactamase inhibitor combination designed to target Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC)‐producing Enterobacteriaceae. Meropenem‐vaborbactam was United States Food and Drug Administration–approved for complicated urinary tract infections in patients 18 years of age or older. An understanding of the pharmacokinetics of meropenem when given in combination with vaborbactam is important to understanding the dosing of meropenem‐vaborbactam. In addition, the safety and efficacy of meropenem‐vaborbactam in a pediatric patient have yet to be described in the literature. The authors conducted a retrospective single‐patient chart review for a 4‐year‐old male patient with short bowel syndrome, colostomy and gastrojejunal tube, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, and a central line for chronic total parenteral nutrition and hydration management, complicated with multiple central line–associated bloodstream infections (BSIs). The patient was brought to our medical center with fever concerning for a BSI. On day 2, the patient was started on meropenem‐vaborbactam at a dosage of 40 mg/kg every 6 hours infused over 3 hours for KPC‐producing K. pneumoniae BSI. Meropenem serum concentrations obtained on day 5 of meropenem‐vaborbactam therapy, immediately following the completion of the infusion and 1 hour after the infusion, were 51.3 and 13.6 μg/ml, respectively. Serum concentrations correlated to a volume of distribution of 0.59 L/kg and a clearance of 13.1 ml/min/kg. Repeat blood cultures remained negative, and meropenem‐vaborbactam was continued for a total of 14 days. A meropenem‐vaborbactam regimen of 40 mg/kg every 6 hours given over 3 hours was successful in providing a target attainment of 100% for meropenem serum concentrations above the minimum inhibitory concentration for at least 40% of the dosing interval and was associated with successful bacteremia clearance in a pediatric patient.
Social relationship coping efficacy: A new construct in understanding social support and close personal relationships in persons with cancer
Authors: Merluzzi Thomas V. , Serpentini Samantha , Philip Errol J. , Yang Miao , Salamanca‐Balen Natalia , Heitzmann Ruhf Carolyn A. , Catarinella Antonio 
Published: October 2018

AbstractObjectiveSocial relationship coping efficacy (SRCE) is the confidence to engage in behaviors that can maintain or enhance close social relationships in the context of illness. This study focused on psychometric analyses of the SRCE scale and its role in maintaining or enhancing personal relationships, social support, and quality of life (QOL).MethodA mixed diagnosis sample (N = 151) of cancer patients completed a variety of measures: physical debilitation, received emotional and instrumental support, SRCE, and QOL.ResultsThe SRCE scale is a 10‐item, one‐factor, internally reliable (α = 0.965) measure with strong concurrent validity in relation to measures of social support. SRCE fully mediated the relationship between physical debilitation and both instrumental and emotional received support. SRCE also was directly related to both social/family well‐being and psychological distress, and this relationship was also partially mediated by social support.ConclusionsThe results corroborated that SRCE might account for changes in both instrumental and emotional support. Also, the direct and indirect relationship (mediated by social support) of SRCE with both social/family well‐being and distress indicated that interventions to increase SRCE with those at risk for social support loss may bolster social support in personal relationships as well as enhance emotional well‐being and quality of life.
Preparation and Performance of Pentaerythrite Tetranitrate‐Based Composites by Direct Ink Writing
Authors: Xu Chuanhao , An Chongwei , Li Qianbing , Xu Shuai , Wang Shuang , Guo Hao , Wang Jingyu 
Published: October 2018

AbstractDirect ink writing (DIW), a promising technology for manufacturing energetic materials, has been a hot topic in the micro‐scale charge of explosives. Herein, three kinds of pentaerythrite tetranitrate (PETN)‐based all‐liquid explosive inks were engineered and patterned using DIW. Scanning electron microscopy, energy‐dispersive x‐ray spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, and nanoindentation were used to characterize the printed samples. The density, thickness of single layer, impact sensitivity and critical size of detonation were measured and analyzed. Results show that PETN/EC/Viton exhibits excellent properties, specifically greater activation energy (148.09 KJ mol−1), elastic modulus (2.808 GPa), and characteristic height (49.9 cm, 2.5 kg), over the two other samples. Moreover, a directly deposited sample in small grooves can provide steady detonation above the size of 1×0.101 mm. These features all contribute to the application of micro‐size detonation to a certain degree.