bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Syringin: Plant Source, Traditional Uses, Anti‐Cancer, Brain Protection, and Related Pharmacological Properties
Authors: Liu Chuan , Xu Huijuan , Wang Peng , Li Yafan , Yi Xiangrui , Tu Ya 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTTraditional herbal medicines, containing syringin in different parts of the world, have been used to enhance memory, relieve pain, cough, clear fever, treat psoas tension, tonsillitis, sore throat, acute gastroenteritis, and anti‐inflammatory, analgesic, and so on. In this article, the extraction, analytical method, pharmacological action, and research progress of syringin‐containing plants were reviewed. Various extraction methods and detection methods of syringin were summarized, especially the ultrasonic‐assisted extraction and high‐performance liquid chromatography, which were recommended for the extraction and determination of syringin. We spotlighted the anti‐cancer, brain‐protective, and anti‐inflammatory pharmacological effects of syringin. An in‐depth analysis of four plants contains syringin—Eleutherococcus senticosus, Codonopsis pilosula, Daphne tangutica Maxim, and Syringa reticulata subsp. amurensis. In addition, the safety and efficacy of these four plants and preparations containing syringin (Shugan Jieyu Capsule, compound Coginseng tablet, hyoscyamine ointment, and Qinfenghong Zhike capsule) were analyzed. Although syringin has been widely used in traditional medicine, its specific mechanism of action and clinical efficacy are still not completely understood, and further research is needed to explore and verify it. This study provides a valuable theoretical basis and potential research direction for the research and development of new drugs such as anti‐cancer and brain protection.
Deciphering HMGB1: Across a spectrum of DNA and nucleosome dynamics
Authors: Gupta Ishu , Patel Ashok K. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractHMGB1 is the most abundant nonhistone nuclear protein, which has been widely studied for its roles in the cytoplasm as an autophagy mediator and in the extracellular matrix as an inflammatory molecule. Studies concerning HMGB1's actual role and its binding within the nucleus are inadequate. Through this in vitro study, we aimed to discern the binding parameters of HMGB1 with various types of DNA, nucleosomes, and chromatin. HMGB1 binds differentially to different DNA, with a high affinity for altered DNA structures such as triplex and bulge DNA. Remodelling of nucleosome by CHD7 remodeller was negatively impacted by the binding of HMGB1. We also found that HMGB1 binds to the linker DNA of chromatin. Findings from this study shed light on the diverse roles HMGB1 may play in transcription, gene expression, viral replication, CHARGE syndrome and so forth.
Morphological Evolution of Metal‐Organic Frameworks into Hedrite, Sheaf and Spherulite Superstructures with Localized Different Coloration
Authors: Malik Naveen , Shimon Linda J. W. , Houben Lothar , Kossoy Anna , Pinkas Iddo , Kaplan‐Ashiri Ifat , Bendikov Tatyana , Lahav Michal , van der Boom Milko E. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe branched metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) are the first superstructures of this kind, and the growth mechanism may explain crystal shapes of other materials. The mechanism of the formation of fascinating structures having a hedrite, sheaf or spherulite appearance are detailed. The branching can be controlled, resulting in crystals that either exhibit multiple generations of branching or a single generation. These structures might result from an increasing number of defects on fast‐grown rods. As the basal facets become less reactive, material is added to the prism facets, leading to secondary nucleation and triangular branches. These triangular structures are connected to the rod surface, growing longer than the central rod. Electron diffraction analyses show that the sheafs are polycrystalline structures with their fantails consisting of single‐crystalline nanorods deviating gradually from each other in their orientation. The crystallographic structure consists of channels with opposite handedness. The accessibility of the nanochannels and the porosity of the superstructures are demonstrated by chromophore diffusion into the channels. The confinement and alignment of the chromophores inside the channels resulted in polarized‐light dependent coloration of the crystals; the polycrystallinity generated areas having different optical properties.
Orthogonal Functionalization of Oxo‐Graphene Nanoribbons
Authors: Merkel Lucia , Neumann Christof , Halbig Christian E. , Habel Anton , Chen Xin , Turchanin Andrey , Eigler Siegfried 
Published: November 2024

AbstractOxo‐graphene nanoribbons (oxo‐GNRs) can be prepared by the oxidative unzipping of single‐walled carbon nanotubes. We present an orthogonal functionalization method for the functionalization of the rims and the π‐surface, respectively, what is only possible due to the high rim portion in oxo‐GNRs. In particular, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy could be used to follow the reaction and detect the marker atoms contained in the addends. We propose that the reported orthogonal functionalization strategy can also be applied on other oxo‐functionalized carbon materials, such as graphene quantum dots, or reduced graphene oxide flakes.
Doping engineering in the CdTe thin film solar cells
Authors: Duan Xiao‐Meng , Wang Yi‐Zhao , Yan Feng 
Published: November 2024

AbstractCadmium telluride (CdTe) thin film solar cells have gained significant attention in the photovoltaic industry due to their high efficiency and low cost. CdTe solar cells have achieved a high‐power conversion efficiency of 23.1%. To further boost the device's performance, it is crucial to systematically tune the doping concentration and carrier concentration, which are dominated by the doping approach and the following dopant activation processes. Both Group I elements (e.g., Cu) and Group V elements (e.g., As) doping have demonstrated high efficiency and utilizing various doping techniques. This review provides an overview of the history of the CdTe thin film technology, doping mechanisms, doping techniques, challenges, and potential solutions to further improve device performance.
Correlation of different HPV genotype viral loads and cervical lesions: A retrospective analysis of 1585 cases
Authors: Zhou Yilu , Liu Jiaxin , Chen Shuai , Xin Xianzhen , Xiao Mohan , Qiang Xian , Zhang Lina 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundTo reduce unnecessary examinations and treatments, an effective detection method for differentiating human papillomavirus (HPV)‐positive patients is urgently needed. This study aimed to explore the differences in HPV viral loads across various cervical lesions and identify the optimal cutoff value for high‐grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSILs).MethodsThis retrospective study included patients with varying degrees of cervical lesions admitted to a hospital between January 1, 2023, and March 1, 2024. The HPV genotype and viral load were determined using BioPerfectus multiplex real‐time assay. The differences in HPV genotype viral loads among cervical lesion classifications were analyzed to identify the most applicable type of viral load.ResultsThe viral loads of HPV16, HPV31, HPV33, HPV35, and HPV58 were significantly associated with the grade of cervical lesions (p < .05), with the HPV16 group exhibiting the strongest correlation (p < .01). The HPV16 viral load demonstrated good sensitivity (Se) and specificity (Sp) for predicting HSIL (Se = 81.52%, Sp = 64.13%). The three most prevalent HPV genotypes associated with negative, low‐grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSILs) and HSILs were HPV16, HPV52, and HPV58. HPV33 exhibited the highest prevalence of HSILs, followed by HPV16.ConclusionsHigh‐risk HPV viral load is associated with cervical lesion classification. HPV16 viral load can effectively differentiate HSIL from LSIL with good Se and Sp.
Through‐Space vs Through‐Bond Charge Transfer Fluorophores as Emitters for Efficient Blue Electroluminescent Devices
Authors: Arunlimsawat Suangsiri , Rueantong Kasin , Itsoponpan Teerapat , Waengdongbung Wijitra , Sudyoadsuk Taweesak , Promarak Vinich 
Published: November 2024

AbstractHerein, we report the design, synthesis, and properties of two donor‐π‐acceptor (D‐π‐A) charge transfer fluorophores pursuing an efficient deep blue emitter for organic light‐emitting diode (OLED). TCyCN and TPhCN comprise triphenylamine as a donor and benzonitrile as an acceptor connecting by either [2.2]paracyclophane (Cy) as a through‐space π‐linker or phenyl ring (Ph) as a through‐bond π‐linker, respectively. In thin film, TCyCN shows deep blue emission with moderate fluorescence efficiency, while TPhCN displays cyan blue emission with a high fluorescence efficiency. The two molecules feature hybridized local and charge‐transfer states with good thermal stability and balanced charge transport properties. They are successfully employed as non‐doped blue emissive layers in OLEDs. The TCyCN‐based device emits deep blue light peaked at 425 nm (CIE coordinates of (0.157, 0.076)) with a moderate electroluminescent (EL) performance (EQEmax=3.23 % and CEmax=2.06 cd A−1), while the TPhCN‐based device attains an excellent EL performance (EQEmax=6.24 % and CEmax=8.26 cd A−1) with cyan blue emission peaked at 490 nm. This work provides insight into the relationship between molecular design and properties of D‐π‐A emitters, offering a guideline for tailoring new organic compounds for organic optoelectronics.
The Safety, Tolerability, and Pharmacokinetics of Active Ingredients From Hydroxysafflor Yellow A in Healthy Chinese Volunteers
Authors: Zhao Xiuli , Gu Shanye , wang Xia , Cai Yefeng , Zhou Ziyi 
Published: November 2024

AbstractHydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA), an active ingredient extracted from Carthami flos, shows potential for treating ischemic stroke. This phase 1 study assessed the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetic (PK) properties of HSYA in healthy Chinese volunteers who received intravenous infusions of pure HSYA powder. The study comprised 2 parts. Part A was a randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled dose‐escalation study that evaluated safety and tolerability. This included a single‐dose study with 7 dose levels of HSYA (6.25, 12.5, 25, 50, 75, 100, and 125 mg) in 52 volunteers, and a multidose study (100 and 125 mg) in 16 volunteers. Part B was an open‐label study where 12 volunteers received 75 mg of HSYA once daily for 14 consecutive days to examine PKs. There were no adverse events (AEs) leading to treatment discontinuation by HSYA throughout the treatment period. All reported AEs were mild and did not require special treatment. PK analysis revealed rapid absorption (median Tmax of 1.1 hours) and elimination (median t1/2 4.0 and 4.7 hours) of HSYA. Total body clearance on the 1st and 14th days was 1.7 and 1.6 L/h, respectively.
Do Therapists Know When Their Clients Deteriorate? An Investigation of Therapists' Ability to Estimate and Predict Client Change During and After Psychotherapy
Authors: Østergård Ole Karkov , Grønnebæk Lasse , Nilsson Kristine Kahr 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTIn routine outcome monitoring, psychotherapists receive feedback from their clients about their self‐reported progress during therapy. This practice is based on research indicating that therapists overestimate their effectiveness and cannot detect and predict negative client change. However, this assumption is based on only a few studies. This study aimed to investigate whether trainee therapists could estimate client deterioration after each session and after therapy and whether they, from session to session, could predict client post‐therapy outcomes. Fifty‐three postgraduate trainee therapists at a university clinic treated 105 clients, with an average of 13.1 sessions. A questionnaire was developed to measure the therapists' estimation of client change at each session and their session‐by‐session prediction of client post‐therapy outcomes. The 10‐item version of the Clinical Outcomes in Routine Evaluation–Outcome Measure (CORE‐OM) was used to measure clients' self‐reported change at each session. The data included 96 (91.5%) therapist estimations of client post‐therapy outcomes, 1015 (87.8%) estimations of client change from the second to the penultimate session, and 1140 predictions of post‐therapy outcomes. The study found that at post‐therapy, the therapists were only able to identify one out of eight clients who showed deterioration on the CORE‐10. Additionally, during therapy, they could accurately estimate only six out of 83 sessions in which clients had experienced deterioration on the CORE‐10, and they failed to predict any of the eight clients who ended therapy with deterioration. In conclusion, therapists cannot rely on their clinical judgement alone to assess client progress and outcomes and will depend on routine outcome monitoring to detect client deterioration.
Methanol Activation: Strategies for Utilization of Methanol as C1 Building Block in Sustainable Organic Synthesis
Authors: Tran Hung‐Vu , Dang Tuan Thanh , Nguyen Nguyen Hoang , Tran Huyen Thu , Nguyen Dung Tien , Do Dang Van , Le Thanh Son , Ngo Thuong Hanh , Late Yawa K. E. , Amaniampong Prince Nana , Fletcher Eugene , Hung Tran Quang , Cheng Yuran , Nguyen Tuan‐Khoa , Tran Tuan Sang , Zhang Jun , An Hongjie , Nguyen Nam‐Trung , Trinh Quang Thang 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe development of efficient and sustainable chemical processes which use greener reagents and solvents, currently play an important role in current research. Methanol, a cheap and readily available resource from chemical industry, could be activated by transition metal catalysts. This review focuses in covering the recent five‐years literature and provides a systematic summary of strategies for methanol activation and the use in organic chemistry. Based on these strategies, many new synthetic methods have been developed for methanol utilization as the C1 building block in methylation, hydromethylation, aminomethylation, formylation reactions, as well as the syntheses of urea derivatives and heterocycles. The achievements, synthetic applications, limitations, some advanced approaches, and future perspectives of the methanol activation methodologies have been described in this review.
Boron Doping Induced Strong Anchor Effect Between Bimetal NiCo Alloy and Carbon Support for Efficient Electrocatalytic Nitrate Reduction to Ammonia
Authors: Zhang Meng , Cheng Xuetao , Duan Yun , Chen Junxiang , Wang Yan‐Qin 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe electrochemical reduction of nitrate to ammonia presents a promising alternative to the conventional Haber‐Bosch process. In this study, a bimetallic NiCo alloy embedded in metal‐organic framework derived carbon layer with B doping electrocatalyst NiCo@BC was first successfully developed, which exhibits excellent electrochemical nitrate reduction to ammonia (ENO3RR) performance. In‐depth in situ experiments and a machine‐learning potential (MLP)‐based simulation reveal that B doping within the carbon layer has a crucial anchor effect that induces strong binding between bimetal NiCo alloy and carbon support. Moreover, B doping leads to a decrease in the coordination numbers around the metals, which results in a reduction of the excessively strong intermediates adsorption in the ENO3RR process, thereby significantly enhancing catalytic activity. The fabrication strategy of this electrocatalyst provides a new avenue on ENO3RR research.
Allylation and Thermosetting of Acetosolv Wheat Straw Lignin
Authors: Truncali Alessio , Di Francesco Davide , Margarita Cristiana , Ribca Iuliana , Brandt Louise , Sochor Benedikt , Roth Stephan V. , Johansson Mats , Lundberg Helena 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe acetosolv extraction, allylation and subsequent cross‐linking of wheat straw lignin to thermoset biomaterials is herein described. The extraction temperature proved to be of great importance for the quality of the resulting lignin, with moderate temperature being key for preservation of β‐O‐4’ linkages. The allylation of the acetosolv lignin was carried out using three different synthetic strategies, resulting in selective installation of either benzylic or phenolic allyl ethers, or unselective allylation of various hydroxyl groups via etherification and carboxyallylation. The different allylation protocols employed either allyl alcohol, allyl chloride, or diallylcarbonate as allyl precursors, with the latter resulting in the highest degree of functionalization. Selected allylated acetosolv lignins were cross‐linked using a thiol‐ene approach and the lignin with the highest density of allyl groups was found to form a cross‐linked thermoset material with properties comparable to kraft lignin‐based analogues.
An AMP‐activated protein kinase‐PGC‐1α axis mediates metabolic plasticity in glioblastoma
Authors: Sauer Benedikt , Kueckelhaus Jan , Lorenz Nadja I. , Bozkurt Süleyman , Schulte Dorothea , Weinem Jan‐Béla , Benzarti Mohaned , Meiser Johannes , Urban Hans , Villa Giulia , Harter Patrick N. , Münch Christian , Rieger Johannes , Steinbach Joachim P. , Heiland Dieter Henrik , Ronellenfitsch Michael W. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractGlioblastoma, the most frequent primary malignant brain tumour in adults, is characterised by profound yet dynamic hypoxia and nutrient depletion. To sustain survival and proliferation, tumour cells are compelled to acquire metabolic plasticity with the induction of adaptive metabolic programs. Here, we interrogated the pathways necessary to enable processing of nutrients other than glucose.We employed genetic approaches (stable/inducible overexpression, CRISPR/Cas9 knockout), pharmacological interventions with a novel inhibitor of AMP‐activated protein kinase (AMPK) in glioblastoma cell culture systems and a proteomic approach to investigate mechanisms of metabolic plasticity. Moreover, a spatially resolved multiomic analysis was employed to correlate the gene expression pattern of PGC‐1α with the local metabolic and genetic architecture in human glioblastoma tissue sections.A switch from glucose to alternative nutrients triggered an activation of AMPK, which in turn activated PGC‐1α‐dependent adaptive programs promoting mitochondrial metabolism. This sensor‐effector mechanism was essential for metabolic plasticity with both functional AMPK and PGC‐1α necessary for survival and growth of cells under nonglucose nutrient sources. In human glioblastoma tissue specimens, PGC‐1α‐expression correlated with nonhypoxic tumour niches defining a specific metabolic compartment.Our findings reveal a cell‐intrinsic nutrient sensing and switching mechanism. The exposure to alternative fuels triggers a starvation signal that subsequently is passed on via AMPK and PGC‐1α to induce adaptive programs necessary for broader spectrum nutrient metabolism. The integration of spatially resolved transcriptomic data confirms the relevance of PGC‐1α especially in nonhypoxic tumour regions. Thus, the AMPK‐PGC‐1α axis is a candidate for therapeutic inhibition in glioblastoma.Key Points/Highlights
AMPK activation induces PGC‐1α expression in glioblastoma during nutrient scarcity.
PGC‐1α enables metabolic plasticity by facilitating metabolism of alternative nutrients in glioblastoma.
PGC‐1α expression is inversely correlated with hypoxic tumour regions in human glioblastomas.
Chaperonin‐containing TCP1 subunit 6A inhibition via TRIM21‐mediated K48‐linked ubiquitination suppresses triple‐negative breast cancer progression through the AKT signalling pathway
Authors: Yang Mengdi , Cao Jianing , Liu Tiantian , Li Bin , Wang Jinyan , Pan Shuangyue , Guo Duancheng , Tao Zhonghua , Hu Xichun 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundTriple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) is distinguished by a significant likelihood of distant recurrence and an unfavourable prognosis. However, the underlying molecules and mechanisms have not been fully elucidated.MethodsWe investigated the expression profile and clinical relevance of chaperonin‐containing TCP1 subunit 6A (CCT6A) in TNBC. We performed cell function assays on TNBC cells with CCT6A knockdown or overexpression. To further explore the mechanism of action of CCT6A, RNA sequencing and co‐immunoprecipitation–mass spectrometry analyses were utilized. Rescue and ubiquitination assays evaluated the impact of TRIM21‐mediated CCT6A ubiquitination and degradation on TNBC progression in vitro and in vivo. Finally, we studied the potential of Ipatasertib, a pharmacological AKT inhibitor, and/or anti‐PD1 therapy in inhibiting TNBC progression.ResultsElevated CCT6A expression in TNBC patients was associated with an adverse prognosis and lymph node metastasis. Mechanistically, CCT6A facilitated cell migration, invasion, epithelial‐mesenchymal transition and proliferation by activating the phosphatidylinositol 3‐kinase (PI3K)/AKT pathway. The TRIM21 RING domain is an E3 ligase, facilitating the K48‐linked ubiquitination‐mediated degradation of CCT6A, thereby impeding TNBC progression. Moreover, in the tumour tissues of the CCT6A‐overexpressing mice, the quantity of CD8+ T cells and the concentration of secreted interferon‐gamma were decreased, whereas in the group double‐overexpression of CCT6A and TRIM21, they were elevated; the opposite was observed in the knockdown and double‐knockdown groups. Ipatasertib demonstrated enhanced efficacy in inhibiting cell proliferation, invasion and migration in TNBC cells ectopically expressing CCT6A. When Ipatasertib and anti‐PD1 therapies were combined, both the tumour volume and mass exhibited a notable reduction, while the expression of CD45+CD8+ T cells increased, and that of CD45+CD4+CTLA4+ and CD45+CD4+PD1+ T cells decreased.ConclusionsOur findings indicate that TRIM21 inhibits TNBC progression by facilitating the K48‐linked ubiquitination‐mediated degradation of CCT6A via the PI3K/AKT signalling pathway. This highlights the potential of Ipatasertib and/or anti‐PD1 as therapeutic strategies, particularly for TNBC patients overexpressing CCT6A.Key points
Chaperonin TCP1 subunit 6A (CCT6A) plays an oncogenic role in triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) through the AKT signaling pathway.
TRIM21 facilitated K48‐linked ubiquitination‐mediated degradation of CCT6A, thereby impeding TNBC progression.
Our study collectively underscores the potential of Ipatasertib in conjunction with anti‐PD1 therapy as a promising strategy to counteract CCT6A/AKT hyperactivity‐driven TNBC progression.