bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electronic palliative care coordination system (EPaCCS) in practice: A useful tool?
Authors: Millares Martin Pablo 
Published: August 2019

ObjectivesFirst, to assess if Electronic Palliative Care Coordination Systems (EPaCCS) was used by different organisations as a tool to share information; second, to assess whether there was a measurable benefit with patients dying at their preferred place of death.MethodsA retrospective analysis of the 65 decedents from last 12 months in the registered list of a single practice in Leeds was conducted.ResultsEPaCCS was present in 24 patients (36.9%). It was used by more than one organisation in 17 cases (70.9%). It facilitated death at the preferred place in 19 of the 20 cases (95%) were preferences were recorded.ConclusionsEPaCCS within the organisation was not used as widely as it could have been presumed. Having a patient with an EPaCCS in the electronic medical records did not imply there was sharing of information among the different organisations involved. Although there was a clear impact on individuals dying at their preferred place of death, preferences were not necessarily recorded in EPaCCS.
Psychological knowledge production about abortion: the politics of location and representation
Authors: Macleod Catriona Ida , Mavuso Jabulile Mary-Jane Jace , Chiweshe Malvern , du Toit Ryan 
Published: August 2019

BackgroundDespite considerable psychology research being conducted on abortion, there has been no study of the history of psychological knowledge production on the topic. The aim of our research was to analyse journal articles published in English language psychology journals using a politics of location and of representation analytical lens.Study designA systematic search for articles published on abortion in psychology journals from 1960 to 2015 was conducted. A mixed-method approach (content analysis and narrative review) was used to analyse the dataset. Articles were coded according to: decade of publication, region, types of research conducted, and main issues focused on. A narrative review of the dominant issue researched – psychological consequences – in two decades (the 1970s and 2000s) was conducted.ResultsKnowledge production began in the 1970s in most regions featured in the dataset and in the 1990s in South Africa. Research is dominated by quantitative studies conducted in North America and Europe concerning the demarcation of psychological consequences of abortion performed under safe conditions. In the 1970s, abortion was viewed as leading to benign psychological consequences, but by the 2000s traumatology talk was firmly entrenched. Only one article, emanating from South Africa, addressed the question of unsafe abortion.ConclusionsKnowledge production in psychology needs to move beyond a narrow focus on the psychological consequences of abortion and attitudes to abortion. Nuanced, contextualised research of the psychology of both safe and unsafe abortion is necessary.
Impact of self-administration of misoprostol for early medical abortion: a prospective observational cohort study
Authors: Finch Rebecca Elizabeth , McGeechan Kevin , Johnstone Anne , Cameron Sharon 
Published: August 2019

IntroductionIn October 2017, Scotland legalised the home use of misoprostol for the purpose of early medical abortion (EMA). Women up to 9+6 weeks’ gestation can now self-administer the drug at home, 24–48 hours after receiving mifepristone in the clinic.ObjectiveTo evaluate the impact of this change on the uptake and success rate of EMA, and on the provision of effective contraception on discharge.MethodsA prospective observational study was conducted to compare the outcomes of two cohorts of women in the 6 months before and 6 months after the introduction of home administration of misoprostol. The main outcome measures were uptake of EMA, success of EMA and provision of long-acting reversible contraception (LARC) to women undergoing EMA.ResultsThere was a statistically significant increase in the uptake of EMA from 698/1075 (64.9%) women in the first study period to 823/1146 (71.8%) in the second study period. There was no statistically significant difference in the success rate of EMA: 99.3% and 98.9% in clinic and home misoprostol cohorts, respectively. There was also no statistically significant difference in the proportion of women provided with LARC: 37.7% and 33.7% in clinic and home misoprostol cohorts, respectively.ConclusionsSelf-administration of misoprostol at home increased uptake of EMA, with no effect on the high success rate that was previously seen with clinic administration of misoprostol. In addition, the reduced number of visits associated with home use of misoprostol has not affected the provision of effective contraception to women.
Practice pattern variability in the management of acute severe colitis: a UK provider survey
Authors: Sebastian Shaji , Lisle Jessica , Subramanian Sreedhar , Dhar Anjan , Shenoy Achut , Limdi Jimmy , Butterworth Jeffrey , Allen Patrick B , Samuel Sunil , Moran Gordon , Shenderey Richard , Parkes Gareth , Raine Tim , Lobo Alan J , Kennedy Nicholas A 
Published: August 2019

IntroductionLack of comparative trial data on dosing regimens of infliximab in patients with acute severe ulcerative colitis (ASUC) failing intravenous corticosteroids has resulted in variability of rescue regimes in ASUC with potential impact on clinical outcomes. We aimed to evaluate practice variability and physician perspectives in decision-making with rescue therapy.MethodologyAn internet-based survey of members of the inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) section of the British Society of Gastroenterology was conducted. The survey evaluated provider characteristics and general practice in the setting of ASUC, followed by a vignette with linked questions.ResultsThe response rate of the survey was 31% (209/682 IBD section members). 134 (78%) reported they would use standard infliximab dose (5 mg/kg) while 37 (22%) favoured a higher front-loading dose of 10 mg/kg citing low albumin, high C-reactive protein as their reason for their preference. IBD specialists chose the higher front-loading dose more often compared with other gastroenterologists (p=0.01) In the specific case vignette, accelerated induction (AI) was favoured by 51% of the respondents while 25% used the standard induction regime and 19% favoured colectomy. IBD specialists more often favoured AI compared with other gastroenterologists (p=0.03) with the main reason being presence of predictors of low infliximab levels (74%). The reasons cited for favouring standard induction (n=57) included lack of evidence for AI (18), their usual practice (11), unlicensed regime (7), and safety concerns (4).ConclusionsThere are significant variations in practice in the use of infliximab rescue therapies with an urgent need for development of care pathways to standardise practice.
Cardiorespiratory fitness and heart rate recovery predict sudden cardiac death independent of ejection fraction
Authors: Hernesniemi Jussi A , Sipilä Kalle , Tikkakoski Antti , Tynkkynen Juho T , Mishra Pashupati P , Lyytikäinen Leo-Pekka , Nikus Kjell , Nieminen Tuomo , Lehtimaki Terho , Kähönen Mika 
Published: August 2019

ObjectiveTo evaluate whether cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and heart rate recovery (HRR) associate with the risk of sudden cardiac death (SCD) independently of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF).MethodsThe Finnish Cardiovascular Study is a prospective clinical study of patients referred to clinical exercise testing in 2001–2008 and follow-up until December 2013. Patients without pacemakers undergoing first maximal or submaximal exercise testing with cycle ergometer were included (n=3776). CRF in metabolic equivalents (METs) was estimated by achieving maximal work level. HRR was defined as the reduction in heart rate 1 min after maximal exertion. Adjudication of SCD was based on death certificates. LVEF was measured for clinical indications in 71.4% of the patients (n=2697).ResultsPopulation mean age was 55.7 years (SD 13.1; 61% men). 98 SCDs were recorded during a median follow-up of 9.1 years (6.9–10.7). Mean CRF and HRR were 7.7 (SD 2.9) METs and 25 (SD 12) beats/min/min. Both CRF and HRR were associated with the risk of SCD in the entire study population (HRCRF0.47 (0.37–0.59), p<0.001 and HRHRR0.57 (0.48–0.67), p<0.001 with HR estimates corresponding to one SD increase in the exposure variables) and with CRF, HRR and LVEF in the same model (HRCRF0.60 (0.45–0.79), p<0.001, HRHRR0.65 (0.51–0.82), p<0.001) or adjusting additionally for all significant risk factors for SCD (LVEF, sex, creatinine level, history of myocardial infarction and atrial fibrillation, corrected QT interval) (HRCRF0.69 (0.52–0.93), p<0.01, HRHRR0.74 (0.58–0.95) p=0.02).ConclusionsCRF and HRR are significantly associated with the risk of SCD regardless of LVEF.
Compound heterozygous mutations identified in severe type I protein S deficiency impaired the secretion of protein S
Authors: Zhou Jingyi , Shen Wenyan , Gu Yi , Li Min , Shen Wei 
Published: August 2019

AimsHereditary protein S (PS) deficiency is one of the natural anticoagulant deficiencies causing thrombophilia. We herein described a young male with recurrent deep venous thrombosis, who was diagnosed as type I PS deficiency with compound heterozygous mutations ofPROS1gene. We aimed to analyse the relationship between the genotype and phenotype detection and investigate the pathological mechanisms ofPROS1mutations causing PS deficiency.MethodsGenetic analysis ofPROS1gene was carried out by direct sequencing. Thrombin generation potential and the inhibition function of thrombin generation by plasma PS were detected by thrombin generation test (TGT). The mRNA transcription level of mutant PS in vitro was measured by real-time PCR, while the protein level was evaluated by western blot and ELISA. Cellular distribution of the protein was further analysed by immunofluorescence.ResultsCompound heterozygous mutations (PROS1c.1551_1552delinsG, p.Thr518Argfs*39 andPROS1c.1681C>T, p.Arg561Trp) were identified in the propositus, and the former one was a novel small indel mutation. TGT results showed impaired inhibition of thrombin generation with the addition of activated protein C in his parents with certain heterozygous mutations. In vitro expression study, p.Thr518Argfs*39 mutant produced truncated protein retained in the cytoplasm, while p.Arg561Trp mutant partially affected the secretion of PS. Both mutations are located in C-terminal sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG)-like domain of PS.ConclusionsCompound heterozygous mutations identified in the study have strong detrimental effect, causing severe type I PS deficiency in the propositus. SHBG-like domain of PS might play an important role in PS secretion system.
Correlation of the quantitative level of MGMT promoter methylation and overall survival in primary diagnosed glioblastomas using the quantitative MethyQESD method
Authors: von Rosenstiel Charlotte , Wiestler Benedikt , Haller Bernhard , Schmidt-Graf Friederike , Gempt Jens , Bettstetter Marcus , Rihani Laura , Wu Wei , Meyer Bernhard , Schlegel Jürgen , Liesche-Starnecker Friederike 
Published: August 2019

AimsO(6)-methylguanine-DNA-methyltransferase (MGMT) promoter methylation is a high predictive factor for therapy results of temozolomide in patients with glioma. The objective of this work was to analyse the impact of MGMT promoter methylation in patients with primary diagnosed glioblastoma (GBM) relating to survival using a quantitative method (methylation quantification of endonuclease-resistant DNA, MethyQESD) by verifying a cut-off point for MGMT methylation provided by the literature (</≥10%) and calculating an optimal cut-off.Methods67 patients aged 70 years or younger, operated between January 2013 and December 2015, with newly diagnosed IDH wild-type GBM and clinical follow-up were retrospectively investigated in this study. A known MGMT promoter methylation status was the inclusion criteria.ResultsMedian overall survival (OS) was 16.9 months. Patients who had a methylated MGMT promoter region of ≥10% had an improved OS compared with patients with a methylated promoter region of <10% (p=0.002). Optimal cut-off point for MGMT promoter methylation was 11.7% (p=0.012).ConclusionThe results confirm that the quantitative level of MGMT promoter methylation is a positive prognostic factor in newly diagnosed patients with GBM. The cut-off provided by the literature (</≥10%) and the calculated optimal cut-off value of 11.7% give a statistically significant separation. Hence, MethyQESD is a reliable method to calculate MGMT promoter methylation in GBM.
Effects of bilateral stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus in Parkinson's disease with and without REM sleep behaviour disorder
Authors: Bargiotas Panagiotis , Debove Ines , Bargiotas Ioannis , Lachenmayer Martin Lenard , Ntafouli Maria , Vayatis Nicolas , Schüpbach Michael WM , Krack Paul , Bassetti Claudio L 
Published: August 2019

BackgroundAlthough rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder (RBD) in Parkinson’s disease (PD) is associated with increased non-motor symptoms, its impact on the deep brain stimulation (DBS) outcome remains unclear. This is the first study to compare the post-DBS outcome between PD patients with RBD (PD-RBD+) and without (PD-RBD-).MethodsWe analysed data from PD patients who were treated with bilateral DBS in the nucleus subthalamicus. Assessments included night-polysomnography (only pre-DBS), and motor and non-motor assessments pre-DBS and post-DBS.ResultsAmong 50 PD patients (29 males, mean age 62.5 years, 11.8 mean PD years), 24 (48%) had RBD. Pre-DBS, the two groups were equal in respect to sociodemographic features, disease duration and PD medications. A multivariate analysis showed that the clinical profile linked to motor, non-motor and quality of life features differed significantly between PD patients with and without RBD. The most discriminative elements were Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS)-III, apathy and depression scores. Post-DBS, UPDRS-III, Epworth sleepiness scale and PD questionnaire improved significantly in both groups. UPDRS-II scores significantly improved in the PD-RBD+ group (−45%) but remained unchanged in the PD-RBD- group (−14%). The depression score improved significantly in the PD-RBD+ (−34%) and remained unchanged in the PD-RBD- group. The apathy score remained unchanged in the PD-RBD+ group but increased significantly in the PD-RBD- group (+33%).ConclusionWhile pre-DBS, PD patients with and without RBD showed different clinical profiles, post-DBS, the clinical profiles were comparable between the two groups. In respect to depressive symptoms, apathy and activities of daily living, PD-RBD+ patients show favourable post-DBS outcome. These findings highlight the importance of RBD assessment prior to DBS surgery.
Effect modification of the association between total cigarette smoking and ALS risk by intensity, duration and time-since-quitting: Euro-MOTOR
Authors: Peters Susan , Visser Anne E , D'Ovidio Fabrizio , Vlaanderen Jelle , Portengen Lützen , Beghi Ettore , Chio Adriano , Logroscino Giancarlo , Hardiman Orla , Pupillo Elisabetta , Veldink Jan H , Vermeulen Roel , van den Berg Leonard H 
Published: August 2019

BackgroundWe investigated the association between cigarette smoking and risk of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) in a pooled analysis of population-based case–control studies and explored the independent effects of intensity, duration and time-since-quitting.MethodsALS cases and controls, matched by age, sex and region, were recruited in the Netherlands, Italy and Ireland (*Euro-MOTOR project). Demographics and detailed lifetime smoking histories were collected through questionnaires. Effects of smoking status, intensity (cigarettes/day), duration (years), pack-years and time-since-quitting (years) on ALS risk were estimated using logistic regression models, adjusting for age, sex, alcohol, education and centre. We further investigated effect modification of the linear effects of pack-years by intensity, duration and time-since-quitting using excess OR (eOR) models.ResultsAnalyses were performed on 1410 cases and 2616 controls. Pack-years were positively associated with ALS risk; OR=1.26 (95% CI: 1.03 to 1.54) for the highest quartile compared with never smokers. This association appeared to be predominantly driven by smoking duration (ptrend=0.001) rather than intensity (ptrend=0.86), although the trend for duration disappeared after adjustment for time-since-quitting. Time-since-quitting was inversely related to ALS (ptrend<0.0001). The eOR decreased with time-since-quitting smoking, until about 10 years prior to disease onset. High intensity smoking with shorter duration appeared more deleterious than lower intensity for a longer duration.ConclusionsOur findings provide further support for the association between smoking and ALS. Pack-years alone may be insufficient to capture effects of different smoking patterns. Time-since-quitting appeared to be an important factor, suggesting that smoking may be an early disease trigger.
Classification of operator extensions, monad liftings and distributive laws for differential algebras and Rota–Baxter algebras
Authors: Zhang Shilong , Guo Li , Keigher William 
Published: August 2019

Generalizing the algebraic formulation of the First Fundamental Theorem of Calculus (FFTC), a class of constraints involving a pair of operators was considered in [Extensions of operators, liftings of monads, and mixed distributive laws, Appl. Categ. Struct. 26 (2018) 747–765]. For a given constraint, the existences of extensions of differential and Rota–Baxter operators, of liftings of monads and comonads, and of mixed distributive laws are shown to be equivalent. In this paper, we give a classification of the constraints satisfying these equivalent conditions.
Gorenstein cohomology of N-complexes
Authors: Lu Bo , Di Zhenxing 
Published: August 2019

Let [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] be [Formula: see text]-complexes with [Formula: see text] an integer such that [Formula: see text] has finite Gorenstein projective dimension and [Formula: see text] has finite Gorenstein injective dimension. We define the [Formula: see text]th Gorenstein cohomology groups [Formula: see text] [Formula: see text] via a strict Gorenstein precover [Formula: see text] of [Formula: see text] and a strict Gorenstein preenvelope [Formula: see text] of [Formula: see text]. Using Gaussian binomial coefficients we show that there exists an isomorphism [Formula: see text] which extends the balance result of Liu [Relative cohomology of complexes. J. Algebra 502 (2018) 79–97] to the [Formula: see text]-complex case.
Multineuromodulator measurements across fronto-striatal network areas of the behaving macaque using solid-phase microextraction
Authors: Hassani Seyed-Alireza , Lendor Sofia , Boyaci Ezel , Pawliszyn Janusz , Womelsdorf Thilo 
Published: August 2019

Different neuromodulators rarely act independent from each other to modify neural processes but are instead coreleased, gated, or modulated. To understand this interdependence of neuromodulators and their collective influence on local circuits during different brain states, it is necessary to reliably extract local concentrations of multiple neuromodulators in vivo. Here we describe results using solid-phase microextraction (SPME), a method providing sensitive, multineuromodulator measurements. SPME is a sampling method that is coupled with mass spectrometry to quantify collected analytes. Reliable measurements of glutamate, dopamine, acetylcholine, and choline were made simultaneously within frontal cortex and striatum of two macaque monkeys ( Macaca mulatta) during goal-directed behavior. We find glutamate concentrations several orders of magnitude higher than acetylcholine and dopamine in all brain regions. Dopamine was reliably detected in the striatum at tenfold higher concentrations than acetylcholine. Acetylcholine and choline concentrations were detected with high consistency across brain areas within monkeys and between monkeys. These findings illustrate that SPME microprobes provide a versatile novel tool to characterize multiple neuromodulators across different brain areas in vivo to understand the interdependence and covariation of neuromodulators during goal-directed behavior. Such data would be important to better distinguish between different behavioral states and characterize dysfunctional brain states that may be evident in psychiatric disorders. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Our paper reports a reliable and sensitive novel method for measuring the absolute concentrations of glutamate, acetylcholine, choline, dopamine, and serotonin in brain circuits in vivo. We show that this method reliably samples multiple neurochemicals in three brain areas simultaneously while nonhuman primates are engaged in goal-directed behavior. We further describe how the methodology we describe here may be used by electrophysiologists as a low-barrier-to-entry tool for measuring multiple neurochemicals.
SF3B2-Mediated RNA Splicing Drives Human Prostate Cancer Progression
Authors: Kawamura Norihiko , Nimura Keisuke , Saga Kotaro , Ishibashi Airi , Kitamura Koji , Nagano Hiromichi , Yoshikawa Yusuke , Ishida Kyoso , Nonomura Norio , Arisawa Mitsuhiro , Luo Jun , Kaneda Yasufumi 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Androgen receptor splice variant-7 (AR-V7) is a constitutively active AR variant implicated in castration-resistant prostate cancers. Here, we show that the RNA splicing factor SF3B2, identified by in silico and CRISPR/Cas9 analyses, is a critical determinant of AR-V7 expression and is correlated with aggressive cancer phenotypes. Transcriptome and PAR-CLIP analyses revealed that SF3B2 controls the splicing of target genes, including AR, to drive aggressive phenotypes. SF3B2-mediated aggressive phenotypes in vivo were reversed by AR-V7 knockout. Pladienolide B, an inhibitor of a splicing modulator of the SF3b complex, suppressed the growth of tumors addicted to high SF3B2 expression. These findings support the idea that alteration of the splicing pattern by high SF3B2 expression is one mechanism underlying prostate cancer progression and therapeutic resistance. This study also provides evidence supporting SF3B2 as a candidate therapeutic target for treating patients with cancer.

Significance:
RNA splicing factor SF3B2 is essential for the generation of an androgen receptor (AR) variant that renders prostate cancer cells resistant to AR-targeting therapy.