bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Calcium Channel Blocker Versus Renin–Angiotensin System Inhibitor in Risk of Kidney Cancer Among Patients With Hypertension: A Propensity Score‐Matched Cohort Study
Authors: Jung Minji , Li Shufeng , Deng Zhengyi , Li Jinhui , Li Mingyi , Basran Satvir , Langston Marvin E. , Chung Benjamin I. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundUse of antihypertensive medications could be associated with an increased risk of kidney cancer. Despite their various mechanisms of action, whether this association differs between different classes of medications remains unclear.ObjectiveThe objective of this study is to compare the risk of kidney cancer between first‐line treatment options of antihypertensive medications in a hypertensive population.MethodIn this retrospective cohort study, we used the MarketScan Databases (2007–2021). We included individuals older than 30 years of age with a diagnosis of hypertension who received first‐line medications for hypertension, which included three classes: angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI), angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB), and dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers (dCCB). We applied a propensity score matching method and created three separate cohorts: (1) ARB versus ACEI, (2) dCCB versus ACEI, and (3) dCCB versus ACEI. For non‐dCCB, we repeated the analyses. The primary outcome was kidney cancer incidence. To assess kidney cancer risk, we applied multivariable conditional Cox proportional hazards models.ResultsIn the first cohort, ARB use was associated with an increased risk of kidney cancer compared to ACEI use (hazard ratio [HR] 1.10, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.02–1.18). In the second cohort, dCCB use was associated with an increased risk of kidney cancer compared to ACEI use (HR 1.29, 95% CI 1.18–1.40). In the third cohort, dCCB use was associated with a higher risk of kidney cancer compared to ARB use (HR 1.17, 95% CI 1.08–1.28). Null association was shown when comparing non‐dCCB with ACEI or ARB use.ConclusionUse of dCCB showed a higher risk of kidney cancer compared to ACEI or ARB use in patients with hypertension.
Physicochemical Characteristics of ‘Wushan Plum’ Subjected to Three Drying Methods
Authors: Tan Si , Xin Guangzhen , Ding Xiang , Li Wenfeng 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn this study, the effects of hot air drying (HAD), freeze‐drying (FD), and air‐impingement jet drying (JD) on the physicochemical characteristics of ‘Wushan plum’ were analyzed. The results indicated three drying methods affected the browning, ascorbic acids, phenolic compounds, and antioxidant activities. The ascorbic acid content in HAD, FD, and JD samples was1.75±0.38, 5.88±0.56, and 4.73±0.75 mg/100 g, respectively, and the content of total phenolic compounds was 2.76±0.10, 3.05±0.04, and 2.83±0.24 mg/g, respectively. HAD samples had the lowest antioxidant activities as determined by DPPH⋅, ABTS+⋅, and FRAP assays. In addition, 11 phenolic compounds in ‘Wushan plum’ were quantified by UPLC‐QqQ‐MS/MS. The results showed that quercetin glycoside was the main compound, and its content was significantly reduced by these three drying methods. In all, this result indicated that JD would be a good choice for dying ‘Wushan plum’ considering the drying time, drying efficiency, and the integrated quality of the dried sample.
Analysis and Prediction of Chymotrypsin Substrate Preferences through Large Data Acquisition with Target‐Free mRNA Display
Authors: Iskandar Sabrina E. , Guan Lindsey , Maini Rumit , Hipolito Christopher J. , Sun Congliang , Vasicek Lisa A. , Sindhikara Dan , Weinglass Adam , Adrian Saldanha S. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractOral delivery of peptide therapeutics is limited by degradation by gut proteases like chymotrypsin. Existing databases of peptidases are limited in size and do not enable systematic analyses of protease substrate preferences, especially for non‐natural amino acids. Thus, stability optimization of hit compounds is time and resource intensive. To accelerate the stability optimization of peptide ligands, we generated large datasets of chymotrypsin‐resistant peptides via mRNA display to create a predictive model for chymotrypsin‐resistant sequences. Through analysis of enriched motifs, we recapitulate known chymotrypsin cleavage sites, reveal positionally dependent effects of monomers on peptide cleavage, and report previously unidentified protective and destabilizing residues. We then developed a machine‐learning‐based model predicting peptide resistance to chymotrypsin cleavage and validated both model performance and the NGS experimental data by measuring chymotrypsin half‐lives for a subset of peptides. Finally, we simulated stability predictions on non‐natural amino acids through a leucine hold‐out model and observed robust performance. Overall, we demonstrate the utility of mRNA display as a tool for big data generation and show that pairing mRNA display with machine learning yields valuable predictions for chymotrypsin cleavage. Expansion of this workflow to additional proteases could provide complementary predictive models that focus future peptide drug discovery efforts.
Impact of Antioxidants on Mechanical Properties and ROS Levels of Neuronal Cells Exposed to β‐Amyloid Peptide
Authors: Vaneev Alexander N. , Gorelkin Petr V. , Barykin Evgeny P. , Kolmogorov Vasilii S. , Timoshenko Roman V. , Mitkevich Vladimir A. , Petrushanko Irina Yu. , Varshavskaya Ksenia B. , Salikhov Sergey V. , Klyachko Natalia L. , Makarov Alexander A. , Erofeev Alexander S. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis study aims to investigate the potential role of antioxidants in oxidative stress and its consequent impact on the mechanical properties of neuronal cells, particularly the stress induced by amyloid‐beta (1–42) (Aβ42) aggregates. A key aspect of our research involved using scanning ion‐conductance microscopy (SICM) to assess the mechanical properties (Young's modulus) of neuronal cells under oxidative stress. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) level was measured in single‐cell using the electrochemical method by low‐invasive Pt nanoelectrode. We investigated the effects of the low molecular weight antioxidant N‐acetylcysteine (NAC) and the antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) on the physiological and mechanical properties of neuronal cells using SICM. Using electrochemical method and SICM, NAC effectively reduces oxidative stress and restores Young's Modulus in SH‐SY5Y cells exposed to hydrogen peroxide and Aβ42 oligomers. Our study first examined the influence of SOD1 on intracellular ROS levels in the presence of Aβ oligomers. The investigation into the effects of SOD1 and its nanoparticle form SOD1 on SH‐SY5Y cells reveals impacts on mechanical properties and oxidative stress. The combined use of SICM and electrochemical measurements provided a comprehensive understanding of how oxidative stress, including that triggered by the Aβ oligomers affects the mechanical properties of cells.
Dilemma Diagnosis Between Pulmonary Embolism and Amniotic Fluid Embolism During First Stage of Labor—A Case Report
Authors: Killinger Kristina , Riedel Fabian , Fiedler Mascha O. , Müller Thomas , Wallwiener Markus , Wallwiener Stephanie , Elsässer Michael , Weigand Markus A. , Böckler Dittmar , Erhart Philipp , Grieshaber Philippe , Hackert Thilo , Germann Günter , Scholz Anna Sophie 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTWe report the sudden onset of dyspnea and loss of consciousness and fetal bradycardia in a middle‐aged obese nulliparous woman at 39 weeks of gestation during first stage of labor leading to the decision for emergency cesarean section. Still during surgery, the mother underwent cardiac arrest. Transesophageal echocardiography during resuscitation showed right ventricular failure leading to the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism. Return of spontaneous circulation was achieved after emergency administration of thrombolysis with alteplase and cardiopulmonary resuscitation after 40 min. Severe bleeding, coagulopathy and persistent right ventricular failure resulted in persistent hemodynamic instability leading to supracervical hysterectomy and veno‐arterial extracorporal life support. Both mother and baby survived without hypoxic brain injury.
Dynamic Process Fault Detection and Diagnosis Method Based on Factor Analysis: Application on the Three‐Tank System Process
Authors: Zhang Cheng , Xu Ze‐hao , Lao Yu‐yu , Li Yuan 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTTo address the issue of underreporting faults in the detection of tiny faults by dynamic factor analysis (DFA), a novel fault detection and diagnosis method based on DFA‐sliding window combined with mean square error (DFA‐SWMSE) is proposed. Firstly, the data matrix is augmented by introducing time lag shifts. Secondly, factor analysis (FA) is applied to the augmented data matrix, achieving dimensionality reduction and feature extraction while retaining most of the original data's information. Then, the sliding window technique is applied to calculate the mean square error of the dimensionally reduced data, allowing for the monitoring of the system's current state and the detection of tiny faults. Finally, effective fault diagnosis is achieved through the analysis of fault factors and variable contributions. The proposed method is validated using a complex dynamic numerical example and a three‐tank system process named Sim3Tanks. This system has gained widespread application in the field of process fault detection due to its ability to simulate and generate various types of faults. The proposed method is compared with principal component analysis (PCA), dynamic principal component analysis (DPCA), PCA similarity factor (SPCA), FA, and DFA. The experimental results thoroughly validate the effectiveness of the proposed method in detecting and diagnosing tiny faults in dynamic processes.
Mechanochemical Halogenations and Rearrangement of Sydnones: Insight into Reaction Conditions and Mechanism
Authors: Luttringer Florian , Pétry Nicolas , Clot Eric , Bantreil Xavier , Lamaty Frédéric 
Published: November 2024

AbstractNew mechanochemical methods for sydnone halogenation and insights into an efficient ring rearrangement yielding 1,3,4‐oxadiazolin‐2‐ones by heated ball‐milling are reported herein. Using equimolar amounts of N‐chlorosuccinimide (NCS), oxone and sodium chloride, 3‐phenylsydnone was quantitatively chlorinated in short reaction time and high yields. Moreover, an efficient method for the bromination of sydnones was developed by mixing equimolar amount of N‐bromosuccinimide (NBS), Ac2O and a sydnone in a vibratory ball‐mill, in the absence of solvent, with excellent yields and a reduced environmental impact. When the reaction was heated while milling, a fast and efficient ring rearrangement into 1,3,4‐oxadiazolin‐2‐ones was observed. Insights concerning the mechanism of the reaction under solvent‐less conditions, supported by DFT calculations, are discussed. The scope of this reaction, including solid anhydrides, is presented.
Actin Isovariant ACT2‐Mediated Cellular Auxin Homeostasis Regulates Lateral Root Organogenesis in Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Hanzawa Aya , Rahman Arifa Ahamed , Rahman Abidur 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTLateral root (LR) organogenesis is regulated by cellular flux of auxin within pericycle cells, which depends on the membrane distribution and polar localization of auxin carrier proteins. The correct distribution of auxin carrier proteins relies on the intracellular trafficking of these proteins aided by filamentous actin as a track. However, the precise role of actin in lateral root development is still elusive. Here, using vegetative class actin isovariant mutants, we revealed that loss of actin isovariant ACT8 led to increased lateral root formation. The distribution of auxin within pericycle cells was altered in act8 mutant, primarily due to the altered distribution of AUX1 and PIN7. Interestingly, incorporation of act2 mutant in act8 background (act2act8) effectively nullified the LR phenotype observed in act8 mutant, indicating that ACT2 plays an important role in LR development. To explore further, we investigated the possibility that the act8 mutant's LR phenotype and cellular auxin distribution resulted from ACT2 overexpression. Consistent with the idea, enhanced lateral root formation, altered AUX1, PIN7 expression, and auxin distribution in pericycle cells were observed in ACT2 overexpression lines. Collectively, these results suggest that actin isovariant ACT2 but not ACT8 plays a pivotal role in regulating source‐to‐sink auxin distribution during lateral root organogenesis.
Maximizing Oxygen Evolution Performance of NiFeOx Semitransparent Electrocatalysts Applicable to Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting Device
Authors: Yoshiyama Koichi , Higashi Tomohiro , Xiao Tian , Yoshino Kenji 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting, semiconductor‐based photoelectrodes can improve reaction rates and durability by incorporating cocatalysts that serve as active sites for the water splitting process. However, achieving both high light transmittance and efficient catalytic activity is essential for these cocatalysts. This study aimed to optimize the surface loading of semitransparent NiFeOx thin‐film electrocatalysts to enhance the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) rates while maintaining high light transmittance. NiFeOx thin films were deposited on fluorine‐doped SnO2 (FTO) transparent conductive substrates, and the relationship between the NiFeOx loading amount (Γ) and the OER rate was examined using electrochemical techniques. The OER rate of NiFeOx on FTO (NiFeOx/FTO) was the highest at a Γ value of 0.20 μmol cm−2. To further explore the connection between this optimized Γ and PEC activity, the impact of Γ on the PEC OER performance of visible‐light‐absorbing α‐Fe2O3 semitransparent photoanodes was evaluated as a model system. Applying the optimized Γ of NiFeOx to modify the α‐Fe2O3 surface also led to enhanced PEC OER performance. These findings highlight the critical role of surface design, specifically the optimization of cocatalyst loading and electrocatalytic activity, in improving PEC water splitting efficiency, providing valuable guidelines for future semitransparent photoelectrode development.
Mean‐field limit of non‐exchangeable systems
Authors: Jabin Pierre‐Emmanuel , Poyato David , Soler Juan 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis paper deals with the derivation of the mean‐field limit for multi‐agent systems on a large class of sparse graphs. More specifically, the case of non‐exchangeable multi‐agent systems consisting of non‐identical agents is addressed. The analysis does not only involve PDEs and stochastic analysis but also graph theory through a new concept of limits of sparse graphs (extended graphons) that reflect the structure of the connectivities in the network and has critical effects on the collective dynamics. In this article some of the main restrictive hypothesis in the previous literature on the connectivities between the agents (dense graphs) and the cooperation between them (symmetric interactions) are removed.
Cloud Elasticity of Microservices‐Based Applications: A Survey
Authors: Fourati Mohamed Hedi , Marzouk Soumaya , Jmaiel Mohamed 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTElasticity is an essential treatment in Cloud environment employed in academic and industrial contexts. The main purpose of elasticity is to reduce the deployment cost while optimizing computing resources. Multiple studies were conducted to tackle classic applications using monolithic architecture deployed with virtual machines (VMs). However, with the spread of microservice pattern, recent studies have been investigating this new trend using containers. This paper classifies and discusses existing approaches dealing with cloud elasticity. It provides a novel taxonomy for elastic approaches while focusing on microservices‐based solutions. We additionally specify the strength and the shortcomings of each class of works. As a conclusion, we report the challenges for microservices‐based applications elasticity and provide requirements for future investigations.
On the Nature of the Out‐of‐Plane Distortions in Subporphyrins
Authors: Haripriya Jayakumari , Anjana Ajikumar , Harikrishnan Jayachandran , Pancharatna Pattath D. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe field of subporphyrins has garnered great interest in recent years owing to its unique structure and associated properties. They exhibit spectroscopic features similar to porphyrins and find applications in various optoelectronic devices, photodynamic therapy etc. Most of the synthesized subporphyrins have boron coordination with an axial ligand and exhibits a bowl‐shaped geometry. The first isolation of a stable free‐base subporphyrin is achieved recently with mesityl groups at two of the meso positions and anthracene at the other. X‐ray studies reveal a markedly non‐planar structure different from the bowl shape and is attributed to the steric hindrance of the inner N−H bonds. Herein, we report a systematic quantum chemical investigation assisted by symmetry principles on molecular models to characterize the out‐of‐plane (OOP) distortions observed so far in subporphyrins and unveil the electronic reasons. Correlation of the frontier molecular orbital (FMO) landscape between the D4h porphyrin and D3h subporphyrin gives insight into their electronic structure relative to one another and the nature of OOP distortions. Further the effect of a π‐donor and σ‐acceptor substituent at the meso/β positions of the subporphyrin ring as well as the impact of boron incorporation in the central cavity on the OOP distortions are also discussed.
Two‐Dimensional π‐d Conjugated Conductive Metal‐Organic Framework with Triple Active Centers as High‐Performance Cathodes for Flexible Zinc Batteries
Authors: Ding Hong , Liu Ping , Liu Chengyu , Li Tiantian , Guo Wen , Xie Haijiao , Wang Gang , Gu Tiantian 
Published: November 2024

AbstractConductive metal‐organic frameworks (C–MOFs) have received extensive interest in high‐performance zinc‐ion batteries (ZIBs) owing to multi‐redox sites and high electrical conductivity. Here, we present a π−d C–MOF by coordinating 2,3,5,6‐tetraaminobenzoquinone (TABQ) ligands with Cu2+ ions (2D Cu‐TABQ) acting as cathodes for ZIBs. Benefiting from a triple active center (Cu2+, C=O, and C=N), 2D Cu‐TABQ shows an ultra‐high reversible capacity of 297.7 mAh g−1 at 0.2 A g−1. Meanwhile, 2D Cu‐TABQ also has superior cycle stability with a capacity of up to 98.2 mAh g−1 after 1000 times at 2.0 A g−1. Considering the instability of the ligand bonds of C–MOFs in aqueous electrolytes, this work uses gel electrolytes to reduce the dissolution of organic ligands into the electrolyte, thus suppressing the shuttle effect, significantly improving the cycling stability of 2D Cu‐TABQ. The flexible battery assembled by 2D Cu‐TABQ shows excellent capacity retention (64.4 %) after 50 times at 0.2 A g−1, which is significantly better than 36.4 % in the common electrolyte, as well as outstanding bending resistance and electrochemical properties at different folding angles. This investigation will highlight the electrochemical application of C–MOFs in flexible zinc ion batteries and offer novel ideas for the structural design of cathodes with multiple active centers.
Progress on Photo‐, Electro‐, and Photoelectro‐Catalytic Conversion of Recalcitrant Polyethylene, Polypropylene, and Polystyrene ‐ A Review
Authors: Boruah Bhanupriya , Lopez‐Ruiz Juan A. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractRecalcitrant waste plastics such a polyethylene, polypropylene, and polystyrene are difficult to recycle and are mostly disposed of in landfills and eventually leached into the environmental as micro‐ and nano‐plastics. This review explores how photo‐, electro‐, and combined photoelectro‐catalytic processes can assist in the degradation and upcycling of waste plastic into different chemicals and mitigate their release to the environment. In this work, we discuss how the different reaction mechanisms proceed, explore the current relevant literature, and highlight the developments needed to advance the field.
Persistence of activated anti‐mesothelin hYP218 chimeric antigen receptor T cells in the tumour is associated with efficacy in gastric and colorectal carcinomas
Authors: Mir Sameer , Venugopalan Abhilash , Zhang Jingli , Nair Nishanth Ulhas , Sengupta Manjistha , Khanal Manakamana , Stathopoulou Chaido , Jiang Qun , Hassan Raffit 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPatients with advanced gastric and colorectal cancers have limited treatment options. Since mesothelin is highly expressed in these tumour types, we evaluated the therapeutic benefits of anti‐mesothelin hYP218 CAR T cells alone, and in combination with anti‐PD1 antibody, pembrolizumab.GEPIA analysis was performed using human gastric (n = 408) and colon cancer tumours (n = 275) in TCGA database, to evaluate mRNA expression of mesothelin, compared to normal tissues. Mesothelin expression in gastric and colorectal cancer cell‐lines (n = 5) was analysed using flow cytometry. In vitro efficacy by hYP218 CAR T cells was tested by cytotoxicity and cytokine release assays. In vivo anti‐tumour efficacy of hYP218 CAR T cells alone, and in combination with pembrolizumab, was evaluated in NSG mice bearing human gastric (HGC27) and colorectal (SW48) tumour xenografts. Additionally, hYP218 CAR‐T cell persistence, activation and exhaustion marker‐expression were studied.Mesothelin expression was significantly higher in gastric and colon cancer biopsies compared to normal tissues (p < .005). Mesothelin expression in gastric and colon cancer cell lines ranged from 10 000 to 70 000 molecules per cell. hYP218 CAR T cells demonstrated strong cytotoxic activity at low effector to target ratio, ranging from 0.24 to 1.0. In NSG mouse‐models, hYP218 CAR T cells demonstrated anti‐tumour efficacy and persisted in the tumour microenvironment in a functional state at day 40 posttreatment with expression of activation markers CD39 and CD69, increased production of IFN‐γ and TNF‐α and ability to kill tumour cells in vitro when isolated from tumours. There was increased PD1 expression. In combination with pembrolizumab, hYP218 CAR T cells led to slower tumour growth in NSG mice bearing large but not small HGC27 tumours. Anti‐tumour efficacy of hYP218 CAR T cells is due to increased accumulation of activated CAR T cells in the tumour and combination with pembrolizumab resulted in improvement in anti‐tumour activity of large established tumours.Highlights
Mesothelin expression is significantly higher in gastric and colorectal cancers than normal tissues.
hYP218 CAR T cells demonstrate strong anti‐tumour activity against mesothelin‐positive gastric and colorectal carcinomas.
Activated hYP218 CAR T cells persist in the tumour microenvironment and retain their cytotoxic activity.
Addition of pembrolizumab in larger tumours enhance CAR T cell efficacy.
Energy‐Aware Power Control Scheme For Water Quality Monitoring Systems
Authors: Susan Philip Merin , Singh Poonam 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThis research introduces an innovative power management approach for wireless sensor networks in aquatic environmental monitoring. The study presents a dynamic algorithm that optimizes energy consumption in long range (LoRa) communication nodes by adaptively adjusting transmission power based on sensor–gateway distances. Leveraging GPS data and a log‐normal shadowing model, the method enables efficient power allocation. Field testing in an aquaculture setting demonstrates the energy‐aware power control (EAPC) algorithm's efficacy. Nodes at 500 m from gateways achieve up to 39% reduction in power consumption compared to fixed‐power systems. At 1250 m, savings decrease to 22%, and at 1500 m, to 11%, while maintaining reliable communication. This research advances sustainable aquatic resource management, offering applications in aquaculture, environmental conservation, and water resource management. By optimizing power usage, the approach contributes to more effective long‐term monitoring of aquatic environments.