bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Il Registro della confraternità dei pellicciai di Udine. A cura di Federico Vicario. Biblioteca di Lingua e Letteratura friulana, 4. - Forum, Editrice Universitaria Udinese, Udine 2003; pp. 204
Authors: Skubic Mitja 
Published: December 2018

L'edizione, in una veste tecnicamente impeccabile, ha come scopo principale quello di presentare i1 registro di una importante confraternita udinese del tardo Medioevo, quella dei pellicciai. In questo ambiente climatico tale mestiere deve esse­ re stato importante; e vedrei una prova nel fatto che viene menzionato, a parte gli beçars - macelatores (es. 42), l'unico, negli Esercizi di versione dal volgare friulano in latino nel sec. XIV in una scuola notarile cividalese dove si legge: L'ager gait, qual è d'estat, fas spargna lis pliçis, chosa ricrisint agl piliças. Ager calidus, qualis est in estate, facit parsimonucare renones, re cuius tedet pelixarios, (es. 40). Il curatore della pubbli­ cazione del Registro, Federico Vicario, vanta già una decina di pubblicazi.oni di testi analoghi e con l'attuale ha aggiunto un ulteriore testo prezioso per la nostra cono­ scenza del friulano antico. Il Registro è l'elenco dei censuari, però, oltre ad essere un documento della vita e dei rapporti sociali del Tre- e Quattrocento, offre un quadro linguistico del friulano in un'epoca in cui la letteratura vera e propria in friulano offre poco.
Die Slavia submersa in Österreich: ein Überblick und Versuch einer Neubewertung
Authors: Dieter Pohl Heinz 
Published: December 2018

Was das slawische Lehngut Österreichs und insbesondere Kärntens betrifft, ist festzuhalten, dass es sich auf Grund linguistischer Fakten als größtenteils sehr alt erweist, obwohl das Meiste davon erst relativ spät überliefert wird. Doch einige sla­ wische bzw. slowenische Toponyme sind urkundlich schon vor dem Jahre 1000 belegt (u.a. in Kärnten 6), zwischen 1000 und 1250 nimmt die Belegdichte zu. Bei den Personennamen werden vor 1000 150 ,,Slawen" genannt, nach 1000 über 380.1 Sie scheinen alle in lateinisch oder deutsch geschriebenen Urkunden auf. E. Kranz­ mayer hat eine Reihe von Anhaltspunkten für die Chronologie der Übernahme von Ortsnamen ins Deutsche geliefert2 . In einem größeren Zusammenhang entspricht die slawische Sprachform, die den Ortsnamen im Osten und Süden Österreichs (Ost-tirol, Kärnten' Steiermark, Salzburg-Lungau, südliches Nieder und östliches Oberösterreich zu Grunde liegt, dem ,,Alpenslawischen" (nach Ramovš, Kronsteiner usw.) bzw. der Sprache der altslowenischen ,,Preisinger Denkmäler", was auch bereits der große slowenische Dialektologe und Sprachhistoriker Ramovš fest­ gestellt hat. Die Varianten in der deutschen Wiedergabe der slawischen Namen woHte er dialektologisch deuten, mir ist es aber gelungen, diese Unterschiede chronologisch zu erklären, woraus folgt, dass es im hohen und späten Mittelalter eine über Kärnten hinausgehende weit verbreitete Gemischtsprachigkeit in Österreich gab7, was sich auch in alten Lehnwörtern widerspiegelt.
Trije zgledi neposrečenega prevoda zaradi "lažnik prijateljev"
Authors: Derganc Aleksandra 
Published: December 2018

Znano je, da posebej v sorodnih jezikih, genetsko zares ali navidezno sorodne besede, ki imajo enako ali podobno zunanjo podobo, pogosto nosijo različen pomen. Takšnim besedam pravimo »lažni prijatelji«. Če jih ne prepoznamo oz. ne zaznamo, da je pomen, ki ga pripisujemo kaki besedi, v nekakšni opreki s kontekstom, postanemo njihova žrtev. Ob prebiranju prevoda knjige Zakladi Slovenije M. Kmecla v ruščino sem naletela na mesto, ki mi je vzbudilo nevero: ali je mogoce, da je Kmecl napisal kaj takega?
Two key concepts of language endangerment : language obsolescence and language death
Authors: Swiggers Pierre 
Published: December 2018

In the contemporary context of world-wide language endangerment, of linguistic imperialism and regression of minority languages, it is of vital importance to take initiatives for the maintenance and protection of linguistic biodiversity. Languages that become extinct are a major loss, not only for the communities concerned but also for humanity in general. The role of linguists should not be confined to documentation and recording of threatened languages, but should be extended to policies aimed at the revitalization of languages in the process of obsolescence and extinction, and to programs for stimulating language awareness and language cult. Although practical work and immediate political interventions remain the most urgent tasks, there is also need for a theoretical discussion on the value of language maintenance and preservation. It is important to define adequately the basic concepts to be used in discussions, as well as in scholarly and "bureaucratic" writings in the field of language endangerment. The aim of the present paper has been to clarify the concepts of 'language obsolescence' and 'language death', with an eye at offering a general characterization and typology of both phenomena. Accurate information on the causes and contextual factors involved in language obsolescence and language death can help to elaborate a theoretically coherent frame for construing open-minded language policies and for arousing a widespread feeling of respect for the linguistic rights of speech communities, however small and unprotected they may be.
Natural syntax : English interrogative main clauses
Authors: Oresnik Janez 
Published: December 2018

Natural Syntax is a developing deductive theory, a branch of Naturalness Theory. The naturalnessjudgements are couched in naturalness scales, whichfollow from the basic parameters (or «axioms») listed at the beginning of the paper. The predictions of the theory are calculated in deductions, whose chief components are apair of naturalness scales and the rules governing the alignment of corresponding naturalness values. Parallel and chiastic alignments are distinguished, in complementary distribution. Chiastic alignment is mandatory in deductions limited to unnatural environments.The paper deals with English interrogative main clauses. Within these, only the interrogatives containing wh-words exclusively insitu constitute an extremely unnatural environment and require chiastic alignment. Otherwiseparallel alignment is used.Earlier publications on Natural Syntax: Kavcic 2005a,b, Oresnik 1999, 2000a,b, 200la-f 2002, 2003a-c, 2002/03, 2004. This list cites only works written in English.
Definiteness strategies and word order in existential-locatives and locatives in Late and Vulgar Latin
Authors: Cabrillana Concepción 
Published: December 2018

§ 1.The parameters which began to undergo a profound change in Late Latin include the marking of definiteness and the gradual fixation of a different word order.1 These two phenomena are brought into connection by M.. Durante's observation (1981, 62) that article development2 is one of the main agents involved3 in the emergence of a fixed order of constituents. § 2. The two parameters are still subject to investigation. The discussion of definite­ ness markers focuses on how and when precisely the article appeared, but it has yielded contradictory conclusions: while some scholars acknowledge the existence of articles in Late and Vulgar Latin texts, such as Egeria's Peregrinatio,4 others deny it.5 Inaddition, there are some less extreme views arguing for an intermediate stage in the long evolution from demonstratives to articles in Late Latin texts.6The research on word order, especially in Late Latin, frequently focuses on the posi­ tion of the elements considered basic in the language;7 thus, generally speaking, almost everyone is agreed on the SOV > SV08 change, although an alternation of the two orders can be established for the Classical as well as for the Late period ([S]OV/[S]V0).9 § 3. With regard to Late and Vulgar Latin, however, there are only a few specialised papers dealing with potential historical changes in the position of the verbs which present special difficulties in the language, not only with their complex semantic content but also with their ability to form multiple constructions. 10 This is the case with the verb sum in structures expressing a semantic notion of location. The relationship between word order and definiteness in these structures has been examined by scholars attemptinging to explain the difference between the so-called 'locative' constructions (Loe) and 'existential-locatives' (ExL), 11 both containing the verb sum: while the former typically front the location-encoding term (p)with a definite subject, the latter display the opposite distinctive features (a S[-Def]12 appearing in the pS sequence).13
Le processus de la planification lors de l'écriture en langue étrangère : la langue et la structure
Authors: Lah Meta 
Published: December 2018

En linguistique appliquée et en didactique des langues il y a beaucoup de recherches faites sur la lecture et beaucoup moins sur l'écriture. Plusieurs enquêtes internationales, comme p. ex. I. E. A. Reading Literacy (cf. Warwick et al., 1995, Lafontaine, 1996) analysent les compétences en lecture en langue maternelle des élèves d'environ 30 pays. A notre connaissance il n'y a pas d'étude internationale comparable faite sur les compétences d'expression orale ou écrite, en langue maternelle ou en langue étrangère.
Uma nação e um povo nas páginas literárias
Authors: Dantas Sandra Mara 
Published: December 2018

Assim como outros países latino-americanos, no século XIX, o Brasil tornou-se independente da metrópole europeia. Daí em diante, a busca pela constituição de uma identidade nacional foi assaz recorrente e a literatura cumpriu importante papel. Especialmente, no último quartel do século XIX e primeiras décadas do século XX, é possível identificar diferentes nuances na pena dos literatos para dar forma à nação e ao brasileiro. Intelectuais de diferentes matizes contribuíram de modo significativo para pensar a realidade e em ato contínuo, elaborando um discurso acerca identidade como construção social e histórica. E como documento histórico, a literatura é uma representação que registra e expressa aspectos múltiplos da realidade a que se refere. Ela configura, poeticamente, a realidade e desvela as condições e as representações da sociedade, infunde novos valores e noções que incitam à transformação e/ou reafirmam a ordem social. Nesse sentido, o foco desse artigo é refletir a respeito do papel da Literatura no processo de constituição da identidade nacional no Brasil.
Differential Effect on the Determinants of the Late Payments According to the Economic Cycle
Authors: Climent-Serrano Salvador , Bustos-Contel Elisabeth , Labatut-Serer Gregorio 
Published: December 2018

From 2004 to 2007, the Spanish financial system grew at a very rapid rate. However, from 2008 to 2012 impairment losses amounted equivalent to 25% of Spanish GDP.The objective of this paper is investigate how have affected the main problems that have suffered the Spanish economy on the late payments on Spanish credit institutions. And to check whether the effect of these problems is different on stages of growth with respect to the stages of crisis.The main results, according the test Chow, confirmed that there is a structural break in the model in 2007. Also the increase in unemployment increases the late payments and this increase is greater in the stages of growth compared to the stages of recession. The decrease in the price of housing increases the late payments. The increase in equity decreases the late payments, in these two variables decrease is greater in the recession stages compared to the growth stages.
O ser do animal segundo Martin Heidegger/The being of animal according to Martin Heidegger
Authors: Modenesi Jean Calmon , Vasconcelos Conrado 
Published: December 2018

O presente artigo tem o propósito de apresentar os principais conceitos criados pelo filósofo Martin Heidegger a respeito do ser do animal, bem como, através da interligação e da articulação entre os referidos conceitos, demonstrar a hipótese segundo a qual o ser do animal possui uma temporalidade caracterizada tanto pela ausência de presente quanto pela ubiqüidade entre o futuro e o passado.Palavras-chave: Martin Heidegger, natureza, Dasein, ser do animal, tempo, ubiqüidade. ABSTRACTThe article presents the core concepts of philosopher Martin Heidegger regarding the being of the animal, and also, through interconnection and articulation among these concepts, an hypothesis according to which the being of animal possesses a temporality characterized as much by absence of present as by ubiquity between future and past.Keywords: Martin Heidegger, nature, Dasein, being of animal, time, ubiquity.
“O lucro entra pelo cano”: a produção de saneamento básico via Parceria Público-Privada (PPP) como estratégia de captação de renda na produção do espaço urbano de Serra (ES)/“Profit enters through the pipe”: the production of basic sanitation through Public-Private Partnership (PPP) as a strategy for raising income in the production of the urban space of Serra (ES)
Authors: Alves Vanderson Moreira Silva , Campos Júnior Carlos Teixeira de 
Published: December 2018

O artigo discute a produção do espaço urbano, considerando a produção de infraestruturas de esgotamento sanitário na forma de Parceria Público-Privada (PPP). Busca-se compreender as estratégias de apropriação de renda sob esta nova forma de se produzir o espaço da cidade. A análise recai sobre o período atual do capitalismo, marcado pela financeirização da economia, conforme Chesnais (2005). O objetivo é discutir os mecanismos de apropriação de renda por meio da construção de infraestrutura para o saneamento básico via Parceria Público-Privada e as transformações socioespaciais que decorrem desta forma de se produzir o espaço urbano do município de Serra (ES).Palavras-chave: produção do espaço; financeirização; saneamento básico. ABSTRACTThe article discusses the production of urban space, considering the production of sanitary sewage infrastructures in the form of PublicPrivate Partnership (PPP). It seeks to understand the strategies of appropriation of income under this new way of producing the city space. The analysis is based on the current period of capitalism, marked by the financialization of the economy, according to Chesnais (2005). The objective is to discuss the mechanisms of income appropriation through the construction of infrastructure for basic sanitation through Public-Private Partnership and the sociospatial transformations that result from this way of producing the urban space of the municipality of Serra (ES).Keywords: territory. production of space; financialization; basic sanitation.
Voiceless stop lenition and reduction as linguistic and social phenomena in Concepción, Chile
Authors: Rogers Brandon M.A. , Mirisis Christina A. 
Published: December 2018

This study investigates voiceless stop lenition in Chilean Spanish. Recent studies (e.g. Pérez 2007, Figueroa & Evans 2014 among others) have documented high levels of lenition of /bdg/ in Chilean Spanish. As a result, the present study seeks to document the degree to which the voiceless stops /ptk/ undergo lenition in this variety of Spanish. Furthermore, the relationship between lenition and social factors (e.g., age, gender, and socioeconomic stratification) is examined. Data was taken from the sociolinguistic interviews of 32 speakers from the Province of Concepción, Chile. In all, 4,419 intervocalic tokens of /ptk/ were analyzed for lenition using three different measurement criteria: total voicing, articulatory reduction, and duration. Results confirm that, according to all three criteria, elevated levels of lenition are observed in the production of /ptk/ in Concepción. Likewise, results indicate that as a social phenomenon, voiceless stop lenition in Concepcion is primarily conditioned by age and gender.
Degree Modification and Pluractionality in Spanish
Authors: Padilla-Reyes Ramon E 
Published: December 2018

Standard and Puerto Rican Spanish has two modifiers, bastante/enough and más/more. These modifiers behave like the Spanish modifier muy/very in that they can modify gradable adjectives. However, these modifiers have an additional property. They are categorically flexible, in that they can combine not only with adjectives but also nouns and verbs. And when they modify verbs, plucational readings emerge. I show that these modifiers convey a multiplicity of pluractional readings that stem from the verb’s lexical property. Also, I show how these modifiers can be syntactically flexible. In the grammar, más and bastante bind to an event variable which determines its semantic. El español puertorriqueño y estándar cuenta con dos modificadores, bastante/enough y más/more. Estos se comportan como el modificador muy/very en que modifica adjetivos gradables. Sin embargo, estos modificadores tienen una propiedad adicional. Son categóricamente flexibles, en que pueden combinar no solamente con adjetivos, pero también con sustantivos y verbos. Y cuando modifican verbos, surge unas interpretaciones de pluraccionales. Demuestro que estos modificadores codifican una multiplicidad de interpretaciones pluraccionales. Estas interpretaciones surgen de las propiedades léxicas del verbo cuyo están modificando. También, demuestro como estos modificadores pueden ser sintácticamente flexibles. En la gramática, más y bastante se enlazan a una variable de eventos el cual determina su semántica.
Opioids and Dementia in the Danish Population
Authors: Pourhadi Nelsan , Janbek Janet , Gasse Christiane , Laursen Thomas Munk , Waldemar Gunhild , Jensen-Dahm Christina 
Published: November 2024

ImportanceOpioids have been studied as a potential risk factor for dementia, but evidence concerning long-term noncancer opioid use and exclusive use of weak opioids and associated dementia risk is sparse.ObjectiveTo assess the association between cumulative noncancer use of opioids and risk of age-related all-cause dementia.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis nested case-control study within a population-based cohort included 1 872 854 individuals without previous dementia, cancer, opioid addiction, or opioid use in terminal illness. Data were obtained from national Danish registers. Each individual who developed dementia during follow-up was incidence-density matched to 5 dementia-free controls. Statistical analysis was performed from August 2023 to March 2024.ExposureCumulative opioid exposure was based on filled prescriptions available from 1995 through 2020.Main Outcomes and MeasuresConditional logistic regression provided adjusted incidence rate ratios (IRRs) for associations between opioids and dementia.ResultsAmong 1 872 854 individuals without previous dementia, cancer, opioid addiction, or opioid use in terminal illness included in the study, 93 638 (5.0%) developed all-cause dementia during follow-up (51 469 [55.0%] female; median [IQR] age, 78.1 [73.0-82.8] years) and were matched to 468 190 control individuals (257 345 [55.0%] female; median [IQR] age, 78.0 [73.0-82.8] years). Opioid use up to 90 total standardized doses (TSDs) was not consistently associated with dementia risk. Opioid exposure above 90 TSDs yielded increased IRRs of dementia occurring before age 90 years ranging from 1.29 (95% CI, 1.17-1.42) for 91 to 200 TSDs to 1.59 (95% CI, 1.44-1.76) for greater than 500 TSDs for age-band 60 to 69 years at dementia diagnosis. Corresponding IRRs were 1.16 (95% CI, 1.11-1.22) to 1.49 (95% CI, 1.42-1.57) for age-band 70 to 79 years and 1.08 (95% CI, 1.03-1.14) to 1.21 (95% CI, 1.16-1.27) for 80 to 89 years. Sensitivity analyses corroborated associations in individuals with chronic noncancer pain and with use of weak opioids.Conclusions and RelevanceThis study found that opioid use of less than 90 TSDs was not significantly associated with increased dementia risk. Above 90 TSDs of opioid use was associated with an elevated dementia risk before age 90 years, which persisted in individuals with chronic noncancer pain and in individuals solely exposed to weak opioids. Further research should ascertain whether the findings denote causality between opioids and dementia risk.
Platelet‐activating factor: a potential therapeutic target to improve cancer immunotherapy
Authors: Yan Qi , Mohammadpour Hemn 
Published: November 2024

The tumor microenvironment (TME) fosters cancer progression by supporting the differentiation and proliferation of myeloid‐derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), which play a critical role in suppressing immune responses and facilitating tumor growth. Recent findings by Dahal et al. reveal that platelet‐activating factor (PAF), a lipid mediator elevated in the TME, contributes to the differentiation of neutrophils into immunosuppressive neutrophils. They showed that inhibiting PAF signaling reduces MDSC‐mediated immunosuppression, thereby enhancing cytotoxic T‐cell activity. This approach may improve cancer immunotherapy outcomes, particularly when combined with checkpoint blockade therapies, suggesting a promising avenue for therapeutic development.
Efficient Blade‐Coated Wide‐Bandgap and Tandem Perovskite Solar Cells via a Three‐Step Restraining Strategy
Authors: Fang Hongyi , Shen Weicheng , Guan Hongling , Chen Guoyi , Li Guang , Ai Wei , Fu Shiqiang , Xu Zuxiong , Chen Weiqing , Jia Peng , Yu Zixi , Wang Shuxin , Yu Zhiqiu , Lin Qingxian , Wang Jiahao , Zheng Wenwen , Pu Dexin , Fang Guojia , Ke Weijun 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBlade‐coating techniques have attracted significant attention for perovskite solar cells (PSCs) due to their high precursor utilization and simplicity. However, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of blade‐coated PSCs often lags behind that of spin‐coated devices, mainly due to difficulties in precisely controlling perovskite film formation during pre‐nucleation, heterogeneous nucleation, and crystallization in the blade‐coating and N2‐knife drying processes. In this work, a three‐step restraining strategy is introduced utilizing functional glycine amide hydrochloride to regulate pre‐nucleation clustering, suppress excessive heterogeneous nucleation, and decelerate crystallization, enabling comprehensive control of the perovskite film formation processes. This approach results in enlarged grains, reduced defect densities, and highly oriented crystalline wide‐bandgap perovskite films with significantly prolonged carrier lifetimes, achieving a maximum PCE of 19.97% for 1.77 eV‐bandgap blade‐coated PSCs. Furthermore, two‐terminal tandem cells, composed of wide‐bandgap perovskite top cells and 1.25 eV‐bandgap perovskite bottom cells fabricated via blade coating, yield an impressive PCE of 27.11% (stabilized at 26.87%). This study offers comprehensive insights into controlling pre‐nucleation, heterogeneous nucleation, and crystallization during blade coating, providing valuable guidance for developing high‐performance, large‐area devices in the future.
Flexible Single‐Layer Fabric‐Based Co‐Laminar Flow Photosynthetic Microbial Fuel Cell
Authors: Hong Do Yeon , Cha Yeon Woo , Ahn Yoomin 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn this study, textile‐based microbial photoelectrochemical solar cells are developed for flexible electronic device applications. Configuration of the self‐pumping microfluidic channel without a proton exchange membrane is adopted to miniaturize the biophotovoltaic device. The microchannel region of the miniature device is patterned by silk screen printing using a body‐friendly Ecoflex to maintain the flexibility of the fabric substrate. Gold nanoparticle biosynthesized Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 biocatalyst, supercapacitive ternary nanocomposite anode, and solid‐state Ag2O oxidant are used to enhance the biosolar cell performance. A maximum current density of 135.1 µA cm−2 and peak power density of 14.1 µW cm−2, which are higher than previous textile‐based microbial fuel cells, are achieved in the presence of light. The monolayer fabric‐based biosolar cell has a stable performance up to 100 and 20 cycles of stretching and twisting, respectively. The presented new platform of flexible microbial solar cells offers the development possibility of self‐sustaining wearable electronics.