bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PROFIL GC-MS DAN NILAI TOKSISITAS LC50 FRAKSI NON POLAR DAUN Solenostemon scutellarioides (L) Codd.
Authors: Verawati Verawati , Nofiandi Dedi , Rahmawati Rahmawati 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT A study has been conducted to determine the chemical content profile of LC50 values from the hexane fraction of ethanolic extract of piladang leaves (Solenostemon scutellarioides (L.) Codd). The chemical content of the hexane fraction was analyzed by using GC-MS while the LC50 value was determined by the Brine Shrimp Lethality Test method. The results of the LC50 value of the hexane fraction of piladang leaf (Solenostemon scutellarioides (L.) Codd) was obtained 96.51 ppm included in the toxic category. GC-MS analysis results showed 25 different compounds of different area and composed of weak base compounds, esters, ketones, fatty acids and hydrocarbons. The main compound based on GC-MS data is 9-octadecenamide.Kata Kunci : Solenostemon scutellarioides, GC-MS, LC50, Brine Shrimp Lethality Test
Pembuatan Hidrolisat Protein Hati Ayam Pedaging (Broiler) Dan Uji Aktivitas Antioksidannya
Authors: Wardi Epi Supri 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRAK Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang pembuatan hidrolisat protein hati ayam pedaging (broiler) dan uji aktivitas antioksidannya. Hidrolisat protein hati ayam (H) dibuat dengan cara enzimatis menggunakan variasi konsentrasi enzim papain sebesar 2%, 4%, 6% dan 8%. Uji aktivitas antioksidan dilakukan dengan menggunakan metoda DPPH. Pengujian aktivitas antioksidan diambil berdasarkan nilai persen inhibisi tertinggi dan dianalisis dengan SPSS uji ANOVA satu arah. Nilai persen inhibisi tertinggi terdapat pada hidrolisat hati ayam (H 6%). Hasil menunjukkan bahwa hidrolisat yang dihasilkan berbentuk cairan, berwarna kuning hingga kuning coklatan dan berbau khas. Nilai persentase derajat hidrolisis rata – rata berkisar antara 37,97 % sampai 68,82%. Nilai persentase kadar protein rata – rata berkisar antara 7,437 % sampai 12,348%. Hidrolisat protein hati ayam (H) dapat dibuat dengan menggunakan enzim papain dengan konsentrasi enzim 2%, 4%, 6% dan 8%. Aktivitas antioksidan (IC50) yang dihasilkan pada (H 6%) sebesar 876,913 ppm. Menurut klasifikasi aktivitas antioksidan yang dihasilkan dari hidrolisat protein hati ayam (H) sangat lemah, karena lebih dari 200 ppm.
The Evolution of The Handball Talent Care System in Hungary - pilot study
Authors: Juhász Bernadett , Bácsné Bába Éva 
Published: September 2019

Development of talents care systems plays an important role in handball today. The goal of the Hungarian Handball Association is to ensure that all children of the same age receive the same training throughout the country. The Association recently introduced a standard feed-back education system. The aim of this research was to demonstrate the evolution of the talent care system, especially the innovations introduced by the Association.
The research method was interviewing handball experts. Five experts answered our questions, former elite players, currently coaches. Based on their responses, it was possible to compare the old and the current status of the training programmes. We may conclude, that the structure of handball training has significantly developed both technically and tactically. Professionals agree, that there are a number of changes have occurred in the theory and methodology of handball. The newly introduced regional, electronic control system – described in the Age Handbook were considered to be useful by the interviewees. According to the results of our pilot study, the new unified educational training system may result in a more successful international presence in the long term.
Compliance with antimicrobials de-escalation in septic patients and mortality rates
Authors: Wadi Al Ramahi M.D, FIDSA Jamal , Abu Khalaf Omran , Abu Shanab Lamya , Obaidat Pharm Mohammad , Al Hasan Maha , Mhanna Mohammed , Abdulghani Maha Hashim 
Published: September 2019

Background
To compare the recent de-escalations rates with a six-year earlier study, and mortality associated with de-escalation.
Methods
Settings
A prospective multicenter study including septic patients, all were on broad-spectrum antimicrobials (BSA). Excluded from the study patients on antimicrobial prophylaxis, and patients without a microbiological diagnosis, or bacteria were solely BSA-susceptible. The study team made recommendations for antimicrobials de-escalation to the treating physician(s) must an opportunity loomed.
Results
182 patients were available for analysis. De-escalation was achieved in 43 (24%) patients. The clinical diagnoses, comorbidities, commonly used antimicrobials, the microbiological diagnoses were not different between the two groups (patients with and without de-escalation). Logistic regression analysis showed no correlation between bacterial species and de-escalation (Nagelkerke R2 = 0.076). Relapsing sepsis and reinfection were not different (P > 0.05). The in-hospital mortality rates for the de-escalated patients were lower (P = 0.015), not on day 30 (P = 0.354). The length of the ICU stay and ward stay were not different (P >0.05), but more de-escalated patients were discharged home from the ICU (P = 0.034), however, patients without de-escalation were discharged more from the ward (P = 0.002).
Conclusion
De-escalation rates increased within six years from 6.7% - 24% (P = 0.000), with added benefits of shorter ICU stay and less in-hospital mortality
The Quadratic Programming Method for Extracting Emission Line Maps from Line-blended Narrowband Images
Authors: Ueta 植田 Toshiya 稔也 , Mito 三戸 Hiroyuki 洋之 , Otsuka 大塚 Masaaki 雅昭 , Nakada 中田 Yoshikazu 好一 , Conn Blair C. , Ladjal Djazia 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
We present a method to separate blended line emission from a set of narrowband (NB) images whose distinct throughput profiles overlap with each other. This method, based on the principle of quadratic programming (QP), treats line blending as a linearly constrained quadratic optimization problem and finds the solution by imposing a condition that the desired individual line intensities are always positive while allowing measurement uncertainties. We demonstrate the method for the quintessential example of line blending in the Hα complex by the Hα and [N ii] lines using the archived Hubble Space Telescope WFPC2 and WFC3 NB images of the planetary nebula NGC 6720, in comparison with its genuine line maps extracted from a spectral cube obtained by our own long-slit scan mapping observations with the Gemini Multi-Object Spectrograph at Gemini-North. Such line-blended NB images typically permit only qualitative line diagnostics, which can lead to a factor of a few difference in the line flux ratios. This novel QP method, however, can extract individual line emission maps as long as the number of line-blended but well-calibrated NB images of differing throughputs is equal to or grater than the number of emission line maps to be extracted. The proposed QP method provides a viable alternative to the existing line emission calibration methods: a simple but innovative way to enable quantitative fully 2D plasma diagnostics at the pixel scale of input NB images available from various instruments, telescopes, and archives.
Constraining the Metallicities, Ages, Star Formation Histories, and Ionizing Continua of Extragalactic Massive Star Populations∗
Authors: Chisholm J. , Rigby J. R. , Bayliss M. , Berg D. A. , Dahle H. , Gladders M. , Sharon K. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
We infer the properties of massive star populations using the far-ultraviolet stellar continua of 61 star-forming galaxies: 42 at low redshift observed with the Hubble Space Telescope and 19 at z ∼ 2 from the MegaSaura sample. We fit each stellar continuum with a linear combination of up to 50 single-age and single-metallicity starburst99 models. From these fits, we derive light-weighted ages and metallicities, which agree with stellar wind and photospheric spectral features, and infer the spectral shapes and strengths of the ionizing continua. Inferred light-weighted stellar metallicities span 0.05–1.5 Z
⊙ and are similar to the measured nebular metallicities. We quantify the ionizing continua using the ratio of the ionizing flux at 900 Å to the non-ionizing flux at 1500 Å and demonstrate the evolution of this ratio with stellar age and metallicity using theoretical single-burst models. These single-burst models only match the inferred ionizing continua of half of the sample, while the other half are described by a mixture of stellar ages. Mixed-age populations produce stronger and harder ionizing spectra than continuous star formation histories, but, contrary to previous studies that assume constant star formation, have similar stellar and nebular metallicities. Stellar population age and metallicity affect the far-UV continua in different and distinguishable ways; assuming a constant star formation history diminishes the diagnostic power. Finally, we provide simple prescriptions to determine the ionizing photon production efficiency (ξ
ion) from the stellar population properties. The ξ
ion inferred from the observed star-forming galaxies has a range of log(ξ
ion) = 24.4–25.7 Hz erg−1 that depends on the stellar population age, metallicity, star formation history, and contributions from binary star evolution. These stellar population properties must be observationally determined to accurately determine the number of ionizing photons generated by massive stars.
Conflicting Disk Inclination Estimates for the Black Hole X-Ray Binary XTE J1550−564
Authors: Connors Riley M. T. , García Javier A. , Steiner James F. , Grinberg Victoria , Dauser Thomas , Sridhar Navin , Gatuzz Efrain , Tomsick John , Markoff Sera B. , Harrison Fiona 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The dynamical characteristics of XTE J1550−564, a black hole X-ray binary, are well established, and the broadband spectral evolution of the source has been well studied. Its orbital inclination is known to be high, at ∼75°, with the jet estimated to align well with the orbital axis. We explore simultaneous observations made with the Advanced Satellite for Cosmology and Astrophysics and Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer covering the 1–200 keV band during the early stages of the first outburst of XTE J1550−564 in its hard-intermediate state on 1998 September 23/24. We show that the most up-to-date reflection models applied to these data yield an inclination estimate much lower than that found in previous studies at ∼40°, grossly disagreeing with the dynamically estimated orbital inclination. We discuss the possible explanations for this disagreement and its implications for reflection models, including possible physical scenarios in which either the inner disk is misaligned with both the binary orbit and the outer jet or the inner accretion flow, corona, and/or jet have vertical structure that leads to lower inferred disk inclination through various physical means.
Fragmentation in Population III Galaxies Formed through Ionizing Radiation
Authors: Kulkarni Mihir , Visbal Eli , Bryan Greg L. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Population III stars forming in minihalos tend to be relatively inefficient, with each minihalo hosting one or a small number of stars which are more massive than local stars, but still challenging to observe directly at high redshift. Here we explore a possible mechanism for the generation of larger clusters of such stars: a nearby ionizing source that ionizes a late forming halo, delaying its collapse until the halo is sufficiently large enough that the core can self-shield and suffer runaway collapse. We use simulations with a simple but accurate model for the radiative ionizing flux and confirm the basic predictions of previous work: higher ionizing fluxes can delay the collapse to lower redshifts and higher masses, up to an order of magnitude above the atomic cooling limit. In a limited number of runs we also examine the fragmentation of the cores at even higher resolution, using both simple estimates and sink particles to show that the number of fragments is generally small, at most a handful, and that the mass accretion rate on the fragments is of order 10−3
M
⊙ yr−1. This rate is sufficiently high enough that the descent on the main sequence (and hence the suppression of accretion) is delayed until the stellar masses are of order 100–1000 M
⊙, but not high enough to produce direct collapse black holes of mass ∼105
M
⊙. The resulting clusters are larger than those produced in minihalos, but are still likely to fall short of being easily detectable in James Webb Space Telescope blind fields.
Chemical Abundance Analysis of Tucana III, the Second r-process Enhanced Ultra-faint Dwarf Galaxy*
Authors: Marshall J. L. , Hansen T. , Simon J. D. , Li T. S. , Bernstein R. A. , Kuehn K. , Pace A. B. , DePoy D. L. , Palmese A. , Pieres A. , Strigari L. , Drlica-Wagner A. , Bechtol K. , Lidman C. , Nagasawa D. Q. , Bertin E. , Brooks D. , Buckley-Geer E. , Burke D. L. , Rosell A. Carnero , Kind M. Carrasco , Carretero J. , Cunha C. E. , D’Andrea C. B. , Costa L. N. da , Vicente J. De , Desai S. , Doel P. , Eifler T. F. , Flaugher B. , Fosalba P. , Frieman J. , García-Bellido J. , Gaztanaga E. , Gerdes D. W. , Gruendl R. A. , Gschwend J. , Gutierrez G. , Hartley W. G. , Hollowood D. L. , Honscheid K. , Hoyle B. , James D. J. , Kuropatkin N. , Maia M. A. G. , Menanteau F. , Miller C. J. , Miquel R. , Plazas A. A. , Sanchez E. , Santiago B. , Scarpine V. , Schubnell M. , Serrano S. , Sevilla-Noarbe I. , Smith M. , Soares-Santos M. , Suchyta E. , Swanson M. E. C. , Tarle G. , Wester W. ,   (DES Collaboration)
Published: September 2019

Abstract
We present a chemical abundance analysis of four additional confirmed member stars of Tucana III, a Milky Way satellite galaxy candidate in the process of being tidally disrupted as it is accreted by the Galaxy. Two of these stars are centrally located in the core of the galaxy while the other two stars are located in the eastern and western tidal tails. The four stars have chemical abundance patterns consistent with the one previously studied star in Tucana III: they are moderately enhanced in r-process elements, i.e., they have

dex. The non-neutron-capture elements generally follow trends seen in other dwarf galaxies, including a metallicity range of 0.44 dex and the expected trend in α-elements, i.e., the lower metallicity stars have higher Ca and Ti abundances. Overall, the chemical abundance patterns of these stars suggest that Tucana III was an ultra-faint dwarf galaxy, and not a globular cluster, before being tidally disturbed. As is the case for the one other galaxy dominated by r-process enhanced stars, Reticulum II, Tucana III’s stellar chemical abundances are consistent with pollution from ejecta produced by a binary neutron star merger, although a different r-process element or dilution gas mass is required to explain the abundances in these two galaxies if a neutron star merger is the sole source of r-process enhancement.
Detailed Chemical Composition and Orbit of the Newly Discovered Globular Cluster FSR 1758: Implications for the Accretion of the Sequoia Dwarf Galaxy onto the Milky Way*
Authors: Villanova Sandro , Monaco Lorenzo , Geisler Doug , O’Connell Julia , Minniti Dante , Assmann Paulina , Barbá Rodolfo 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
We present detailed chemical abundances, radial velocity, and orbital parameters for FSR 1758, a recently discovered massive cluster in the direction of the Galactic bulge. High-resolution (R ∼ 42,000) spectra were obtained for nine members using the Magellan/Clay telescope instrumented with the MIKE echelle spectrogragh in the wavelength range of ∼4900–8700 Å. Cluster membership was determined using Gaia DR2 proper motions and confirmed with our radial velocity measurements. We find a metallicity of [Fe/H] = −1.58 ± 0.03, consistent with previous photometric estimates, and no significant iron spread. While other studies have suggested that this massive object could be the remnant of a captured dwarf galaxy, our results are consistent with a globular cluster (GC) nature, given its lack of any intrinsic metallicity spread and the Na–O anticorrelation similar to those of other GC. In addition, the small velocity dispersion of 4.9 ± 1.2 km s−1 we find is that typical of a GC. We also confirm a retrograde orbit that appears to be highly eccentric suggesting it is a halo interloper currently in the bulge. We support the hypothesis that FSR 1758 was part of a disrupted dwarf galaxy named Sequoia.
H2 Ortho–Para Spin Conversion on Inhomogeneous Grain Surfaces
Authors: Furuya Kenji , Aikawa Yuri , Hama Tetsuya , Watanabe Naoki 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
We investigate the evolution of the ortho-to-para ratio of overall (gas + ice)

via the nuclear spin conversion on grain surfaces coated with water ice under physical conditions that are relevant to star- and planet-forming regions. We utilize the rate equation model that considers adsorption of gaseous

on grain surfaces, which have a variety of binding sites with a different potential energy depth, thermal hopping, desorption, and the nuclear spin conversion of adsorbed

. It is found that the spin conversion efficiency depends on the

gas density and the surface temperature. As a general trend, enhanced

gas density reduces the efficiency, while the temperature dependence is not monotonic; there is a critical surface temperature at which the efficiency is the maximum. At low temperatures, the exchange of gaseous and icy

is inefficient (i.e., adsorbed

does not desorb and hinders another gaseous

to be adsorbed), while at warm temperatures, the residence time of

on surfaces is too short for the spin conversion. Additionally, the spin conversion becomes more efficient with lowering the activation barriers for thermal hopping. We discuss whether the spin conversion on surfaces can dominate over that in the gas phase in star- and planet-forming regions. Finally, we establish a simple, but accurate way to implement the

spin conversion on grain surfaces in existing gas-ice astrochemical models.
Hunting Young White Dwarfs at the Center of Planetary Nebulae
Authors: Ahumada Javier A. , Weidmann Walter A. , Miller Bertolami Marcelo M. , Saker Leila 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
We present Gemini-South observations of nine faint and extended planetary nebulae (PNe). Using direct images taken with the spectrograph Gemini-South multi-object spectrograph (GMOS), we built the

versus

diagrams of the stars in the observed areas which allowed us to consider their geometrical positions and identify the probable central stars of the nebulae. Our stellar spectra of seven stars, also taken with GMOS, indicate that four (and probably two more) objects are white dwarfs of the DAO subtype. Moreover, the white dwarf status of the four stars is confirmed by the parameters T
eff and log g derived with the help of theoretical stellar spectra. Given this evidence, we propose that these hot stars are the central ionizing sources of the nebulae. With this work we hope to help improve the current scarce statistics on central white dwarfs in PNe.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Followup of Temporomandibular Joint Inflammation, Deformation, and Mandibular Growth in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis Patients Receiving Systemic Treatment
Authors: Bollhalder Andrea , Patcas Raphael , Eichenberger Martina , Müller Lukas , Schroeder-Kohler Silke , Saurenmann Rotraud Katharina , Kellenberger Christian Johannes 
Published: September 2019

Objective.To investigate the course of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) inflammation, osseous deformation, and mandibular ramus growth in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) during systemic therapy.Methods.Longitudinal study of 38 consecutive patients with JIA (29 female, median age 9.0 yrs, interquartile range 6.2–10.7 yrs) receiving systemic therapy with TMJ involvement, with 2 TMJ magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examinations ≥ 2 years apart and no TMJ corticosteroid injection. Clinical and MRI findings were compared between initial and followup examinations and between TMJ with and without active inflammation at baseline.Results.Over a median period of 3.6 years (range, 2.0–8.7 yrs), MRI grade of TMJ inflammation improved (p = 0.009) and overall osseous deformity tended to become less severe (p = 0.114). In TMJ with arthritis at baseline (46 TMJ), both the grades of inflammation (p < 0.001) and deformity (p = 0.011) improved. In TMJ with no arthritis at baseline (30 TMJ), the frequency and grade of condylar deformation remained stable. Mandibular ramus growth rates were not significantly different between TMJ with and without arthritis at baseline (1.3 mm/yr vs 1.5 mm/yr, p = 0.273), and were not correlated with the degree of inflammation at baseline or followup. The frequency of facial asymmetry tended to be lower at followup than at initial examination (24% vs 45%, p = 0.056).Conclusion.Our results suggest that systemic treatment of TMJ arthritis in children with JIA decreases the degree of inflammation seen on MRI, preserves osseous TMJ morphology, and maintains normal mandibular ramus growth.
Analysis of 47 Non-MHC Ankylosing Spondylitis Susceptibility Loci Regarding Associated Variants across Whites and Han Chinese
Authors: Zheng Xuqi , Li Qiuxia , Li Xiaomin , Zhang Yanli , Wu Xinyu , Wei Qiujing , Cao Shuangyan , Yang Mingcan , Lin Zhiming , Liao Zetao , Qi Jun , Lv Qing , Wang Ling , Li Yi , Irwanto Astrid , Cheng Ching-Yu , Chai Xiaoran , Khor Chiea Chuen , Heng Chew-Kiat , Koh Woon-Puay , Yuan Jian-Min , Bei Jinxin , Zhang Furen , Zhang Xuejun , Zeng Yixin , Shen Yan , Liu Jianjun , Gu Jieruo 
Published: September 2019

Objective.To present a systematic evaluation of 47 non-MHC ankylosing spondylitis (AS) susceptibility loci that have been initially discovered through white genome-wide association studies in Han Chinese.Methods.Originally, 10,743 samples representing north and south Chinese in 4 datasets were obtained. After data quality control and imputation, metaanalysis results of 94,621 variants within 47 loci were extracted. Four ERAP1 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) and HLA-B27 tag SNP rs13202464 were used for interaction analysis. Population-attributable risk percentages of AS-associated variants were compared. Functional annotations of AS-associated variants were conducted using HaploReg, RegulomeDB, and rVarBase databases.Results.We revealed 16 AS-associated variants with nominal evidence in Han Chinese, including rs10865331 (p = 6.30 × 10−10), rs10050860 (p = 4.09 × 10−5) and rs8070463 (p = 1.03 × 10−4). Potential susceptible SNP within these 47 loci were also identified, such as rs13024541 (2p15), rs17401719 (5q15), and rs62074054 (17q21). Epistatic interactions between 3 ERAP1 SNP (rs17401719, rs30187, and rs10050860) and HLA-B27 were confirmed. Among the 16 AS-associated variants, rs30187 showed weaker risk effect, while rs10050860 and rs12504282 seemed to attribute more risk in Han Chinese than in whites. Further genomic annotation pinpointed 35 candidate functional SNP, especially in the 2p15, ERAP1, and NPEPPS-TBKBP1 regions.Conclusion.Our results provided a detailed spectrum of all the reported non-MHC AS susceptibility loci in Han Chinese, which comprehensively exhibited the ethnic heterogeneity of AS susceptibility and highlighted that 2p15, ERAP1, and NPEPPS-TBKBP1 regions may play a critical role in AS pathogenesis across diverse populations.