bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dissection of the Role of VIMP in Endoplasmic Reticulum-Associated Degradation of CFTRΔF508
Authors: Hou Xia , Wei Hongguang , Rajagopalan Carthic , Jiang Hong , Wu Qingtian , Zaman Khalequz , Xie Youming , Sun Fei 
Published: March 2018

AbstractEndoplasmic reticulum (ER)-associated protein degradation (ERAD) is an important quality control mechanism that eliminates misfolded proteins from the ER. The Derlin-1/VCP/VIMP protein complex plays an essential role in ERAD. Although the roles of Derlin-1 and VCP are relatively clear, the functional activity of VIMP in ERAD remains to be understood. Here we investigate the role of VIMP in the degradation of CFTRΔF508, a cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) mutant known to be a substrate of ERAD. Overexpression of VIMP markedly enhances the degradation of CFTRΔF508, whereas knockdown of VIMP increases its half-life. We demonstrate that VIMP is associated with CFTRΔF508 and the RNF5 E3 ubiquitin ligase (also known as RMA1). Thus, VIMP not only forms a complex with Derlin-1 and VCP, but may also participate in recruiting substrates and E3 ubiquitin ligases. We further show that blocking CFTRΔF508 degradation by knockdown of VIMP substantially augments the effect of VX809, a drug that allows a fraction of CFTRΔF508 to fold properly and mobilize from ER to cell surface for normal functioning. This study provides insight into the role of VIMP in ERAD and presents a potential target for the treatment of cystic fibrosis patients carrying the CFTRΔF508 mutation.
Realization of an Ultra-thin Metasurface to Facilitate Wide Bandwidth, Wide Angle Beam Scanning
Authors: Bah Alpha O. , Qin Pei-Yuan , Ziolkowski Richard W. , Cheng Qiang , Guo Y. Jay 
Published: March 2018

AbstractA wide bandwidth, ultra-thin, metasurface is reported that facilitates wide angle beam scanning. Each unit cell of the metasurface contains a multi-resonant, strongly-coupled unequal arm Jerusalem cross element. This element consists of two bent-arm, orthogonal, capacitively loaded strips. The wide bandwidth of the metasurface is achieved by taking advantage of the strong coupling within and between its multi-resonant elements. A prototype of the proposed metasurface has been fabricated and measured. The design concept has been validated by the measured results. The proposed metasurface is able to alleviate the well-known problem of impedance mismatch caused by mutual coupling when the main beam of an array is scanned. In order to validate the wideband and wide scanning ability of the proposed metasurface, it is integrated with a wideband antenna array as a wide angle impedance matching element. The metasurface-array combination facilitates wide angle scanning over a 6:1 impedance bandwidth without the need for bulky dielectrics or multi-layered structures.
Pupil dilation tracks the dynamics of mnemonic interference resolution
Authors: Johansson Roger , Pärnamets Philip , Bjernestedt Amanda , Johansson Mikael 
Published: March 2018

AbstractMnemonic interference refers to the inability to retrieve a goal-relevant memory due to interference from goal-irrelevant memories. Understanding the causes of such interference and how it is overcome has been a central goal in the science of memory for more than a century. Here, we shed new light on this fundamental issue by tracking participants’ pupil response when they encode and retrieve memories in the face of competing goal-irrelevant memories. We show that pupil dilation systematically increased in accordance with interference from competing memory traces when participants retrieved previously learned information. Moreover, our results dissociate two main components in the pupillary response signal: an early component, which peaked in a time window where the pupillary waveform on average had its maximum peak, and a late component, which peaked towards the end of the retrieval task. We provide evidence that the early component is specifically modulated by the cognitive effort needed to handle interference from competing memory traces whereas the late component reflects general task engagement. This is the first demonstration that mnemonic interference resolution can be tracked online in the pupil signal and offers novel insight into the underlying dynamics.
Phylogenetic analysis of the CDGSH iron-sulfur binding domain reveals its ancient origin
Authors: Sengupta Soham , Nechushtai Rachel , Jennings Patricia A. , Onuchic Jose’ N. , Padilla Pamela A. , Azad Rajeev K. , Mittler Ron 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe iron-sulfur (2Fe-2S) binding motif CDGSH appears in many important plant and animal proteins that regulate iron and reactive oxygen metabolism. In human it is found in CISD1-3 proteins involved in diabetes, obesity, cancer, aging, cardiovascular disease and neurodegeneration. Despite the important biological role of the CDGSH domain, its origin, evolution and diversification, are largely unknown. Here, we report that: (1) the CDGSH domain appeared early in evolution, perhaps linked to the heavy use of iron-sulfur driven metabolism by early organisms; (2) a CISD3-like protein with two CDGSH domains on the same polypeptide appears to represent the ancient archetype of CDGSH proteins; (3) the origin of the human CISD3 protein is linked to the mitochondrial endosymbiotic event; (4) the CISD1/2 type proteins that contain only one CDGSH domain, but function as homodimers, originated after the divergence of bacteria and archaea/eukaryotes from their common ancestor; and (5) the human CISD1 and CISD2 proteins diverged about 650–720 million years ago, and CISD3 and CISD1/2 share their descent from an ancestral CISD about 1–1.1 billion years ago. Our findings reveal that the CDGSH domain is ancient in its origin and shed light on the complex evolutionary path of modern CDGSH proteins.
Cognitive Function and Ophthalmological Diseases: The Beijing Eye Study
Authors: Jonas Jost B. , Wei Wen Bin , Zhu Li Ping , Xu Liang , Wang Ya Xing 
Published: March 2018

AbstractTo examine associations between cognitive function and ophthalmological parameters, the population-based Beijing Eye Study examined ophthalmologically and physically 3127 individuals (mean age: 64.2 ± 9.8 years). Using the mini–mental state examination, cognitive function was assessed as cognitive function score (CFS). Mean CFS was 26.3 ± 3.7 (median: 27; range: 2–30). Prevalence of mild (CFS: 23–19), moderate (CFS: 18–10) and severe cognitive dysfunction was 9.6% (95% confidence interval (CI): 8.5, 10.6), 3.2% (95% CI: 2.6, 3.9) and 0.6% (95% CI: 0.4,0.9), respectively. In multivariate analysis, better cognition (i.e., higher CFS) was significantly associated with better best corrected visual acuity (r2 = 0.38), smaller amount of undercorrected visual acuity, lower prevalence of primary angle-closure glaucoma, and thicker subfoveal choroidal thickness. Prevalence of age-related macular degeneration, open-angle glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy, any type of cataract, retinal vein occlusions or pseudoexfoliation was not significantly correlated with CFS. Though the causal relationship is unclear, the associations of lower cognitive function with undercorrected visual acuity suggest the need for earlier and more regular refraction testing in the elderly so that providing adequate glasses to the elderly can be provided and vision-associated cognitive decline can be reduced. Associations of cognitive function with primary angle-closure glaucoma and leptochoroid should be further explored.
Whole genome and whole transcriptome genomic profiling of a metastatic eccrine porocarcinoma
Authors: Thibodeau My Linh , Bonakdar Melika , Zhao Eric , Mungall Karen L. , Reisle Caralyn , Zhang Wei , Bye Morgan H. , Thiessen Nina , Bleile Dustin , Mungall Andrew J. , Ma Yussanne P. , Jones Martin R. , Renouf Daniel J. , Lim Howard J. , Yip Stephen , Ng Tony , Ho Cheryl , Laskin Janessa , Marra Marco A. , Schrader Kasmintan A. , Jones Steven J. M. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractEccrine porocarcinomas (EPs) are rare malignant tumours of the intraepidermic sweat gland duct and most often arise from benign eccrine poromas. Some recurrent somatic genomic events have been identified in these malignancies, but very little is known about the complexity of their molecular pathophysiology. We describe the whole genome and whole transcriptome genomic profiling of a metastatic EP in a 66-year-old male patient with a previous history of localized porocarcinoma of the scalp. Whole genome and whole transcriptome genomic profiling was performed on the metastatic EP. Whole genome sequencing was performed on blood-derived DNA in order to allow a comparison between germline and somatic events. We found somatic copy losses of several tumour suppressor genes including APC, PTEN and CDKN2A, CDKN2B and CDKN1A. We identified a somatic hemizygous CDKN2A pathogenic splice site variant. De novo transcriptome assembly revealed abnormal splicing of CDKN2A p14ARF and p16INK4a. Elevated expression of oncogenes EGFR and NOTCH1 was noted and no somatic mutations were found in these genes. Wnt pathway somatic alterations were also observed. In conclusion, our results suggest that the molecular pathophysiology of malignant EP features high complexity and subtle interactions of multiple key genes. Cell cycle dysregulation and CDKN2A loss of function was found to be a new potential driver in EP tumourigenesis. Moreover, the combination of somatic copy number variants and abnormal gene expression perhaps partly related to epigenetic mechanisms, all likely contribute to the development of this rare malignancy in our patient.
GlobTherm, a global database on thermal tolerances for aquatic and terrestrial organisms
Authors: Bennett Joanne M. , Calosi Piero , Clusella-Trullas Susana , Martínez Brezo , Sunday Jennifer , Algar Adam C. , Araújo Miguel B. , Hawkins Bradford A. , Keith Sally , Kühn Ingolf , Rahbek Carsten , Rodríguez Laura , Singer Alexander , Villalobos Fabricio , Ángel Olalla-Tárraga Miguel , Morales-Castilla Ignacio 
Published: March 2018

AbstractHow climate affects species distributions is a longstanding question receiving renewed interest owing to the need to predict the impacts of global warming on biodiversity. Is climate change forcing species to live near their critical thermal limits? Are these limits likely to change through natural selection? These and other important questions can be addressed with models relating geographical distributions of species with climate data, but inferences made with these models are highly contingent on non-climatic factors such as biotic interactions. Improved understanding of climate change effects on species will require extensive analysis of thermal physiological traits, but such data are both scarce and scattered. To overcome current limitations, we created the GlobTherm database. The database contains experimentally derived species’ thermal tolerance data currently comprising over 2,000 species of terrestrial, freshwater, intertidal and marine multicellular algae, plants, fungi, and animals. The GlobTherm database will be maintained and curated by iDiv with the aim to keep expanding it, and enable further investigations on the effects of climate on the distribution of life on Earth.
A dataset on human navigation strategies in foreign networked systems
Authors: Kőrösi Attila , Csoma Attila , Rétvári Gábor , Heszberger Zalán , Bíró József , Tapolcai János , Pelle István , Klajbár Dávid , Novák Márton , Halasi Valentina , Gulyás András 
Published: March 2018

AbstractHumans are involved in various real-life networked systems. The most obvious examples are social and collaboration networks but the language and the related mental lexicon they use, or the physical map of their territory can also be interpreted as networks. How do they find paths between endpoints in these networks? How do they obtain information about a foreign networked world they find themselves in, how they build mental model for it and how well they succeed in using it? Large, open datasets allowing the exploration of such questions are hard to find. Here we report a dataset collected by a smartphone application, in which players navigate between fixed length source and destination English words step-by-step by changing only one letter at a time. The paths reflect how the players master their navigation skills in such a foreign networked world. The dataset can be used in the study of human mental models for the world around us, or in a broader scope to investigate the navigation strategies in complex networked systems.
Macroporous polymers prepared via frozen UV polymerization of the emulsion-templates stabilized by a low amount of surfactant
Authors: Fan Xiaoxing , Zhang Shengmiao , Zhu Yun , Chen Jianding 
Published: March 2018

PolyHIPE is prepared via frozen UV polymerization of the HIPE stabilized by a tiny amount (e.g. 0.1 wt%) of surfactant.
Examination of Prosody and Timbre Perception in Adults With Cochlear Implants Comparing Different Fine Structure Coding Strategies
Authors: Müller Verena , Klünter Heinz , Fürstenberg Dirk , Meister Hartmut , Walger Martin , Lang-Roth Ruth 
Published: March 2018

Purpose
This study aimed to investigate whether adults with cochlear implants benefit from a change of fine structure (FS) coding strategies regarding the discrimination of prosodic speech cues, timbre cues, and the identification of natural instruments. The FS processing (FSP) coding strategy was compared to 2 settings of the FS4 strategy.

Method
A longitudinal crossover, double-blinded study was conducted. This study consisted of 2 parts, with 14 participants in the first part and 12 participants in the second part. Each part lasted 3 months, in which participants were alternately fitted with either the established FSP strategy or 1 of the 2 newly developed FS4 settings. Participants had to complete an intonation identification test; a timbre discrimination test in which 1 of 2 isolated cues changed, either the spectral centroid or the spectral irregularity; and an instrument identification test.

Results
A significant effect was seen in the discrimination of spectral irregularity with 1 of the 2 FS4 settings. The improvement was seen in the FS4 setting in which the upper envelope channels had a low stimulation rate. This improvement was not seen with the FS4 setting that had a higher stimulation rate on the envelope channels.

Conclusions
In general, the FSP strategy and the 2 settings of the FS4 strategy provided similar levels in the perception of prosody and timbre cues, as well as in the identification of instruments.
Training Students to Evaluate Preterm Infant Feeding Safety Using a Video-Recorded Patient Simulation Approach
Authors: Ferguson Neina F. , Estis Julie M. 
Published: March 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to determine if brief video-recorded patient simulation training increased students' ability to assess feeding skills in preterm infants.

Method

Baccalaureate-level nursing students (
N
= 52) and graduate-level speech-language pathology students (
N
= 42) were randomized to 1 of 2 groups: didactic training (
N
= 51) or didactic training plus video simulation (
N
= 43). Outcome measures included knowledge test scores, calculated clinical judgment scores, and clinical marker documentation accuracy.

Results
Students' knowledge increased as the result of training, without differences in test scores between the 2 types of training. Students who received video simulation training interpreted simulated feeding behaviors of preterm infants more accurately than students who received didactic training. Infant distress signs were also documented with higher accuracy for students who received video simulation training. After training and regardless of method, participants correctly attributed distress behaviors during bottle-feeding to increased risk for feeding difficulty.

Conclusions
In the current educational environment, training opportunities with high-risk preterm infants are constrained by access to health care settings specializing in care for this population and availability of clinical supervisors with expertise in this area of practice. Patient simulators are expensive; however, video simulation offers inexpensive opportunities for students to effectively gain knowledge and skills for assessing feeding in preterm infants. With video simulation, students effectively apply principles of preterm infant feeding to cases and practice critical thinking skills before entering related clinical practicum placements.
Therapeutic Perspectives on Chia Seed and Its Oil: A Review
Authors: Parker John , Schellenberger Amanda , Roe Amy , Oketch-Rabah Hellen , Calderón Angela 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe attraction of novel foods proceeds alongside epidemic cardiovascular disease, diabetes, obesity, and related risk factors. Dieticians have identified chia (Salvia hispanica) as a product with a catalog of potential health benefits relating to these detriments. Chia is currently consumed not only as seeds, but also as oil, which brings about similar effects. Chia seeds and chia seed oil are used mainly as a food commodity and the oil is also used popularly as a dietary ingredient used in various dietary supplements available in the U. S. market. Chia seed is rich in α-linolenic acid, the biological precursor to eicosapentaenoic acid, a polyunsaturated fatty acid, and docosahexaenoic acid. Because the body cannot synthesize α-linolenic acid, chia has a newfound and instrumental role in diet. However, the inconclusive nature of the scientific communityʼs understanding of its safety warrants further research and appropriate testing. The focus of this work is to summarize dietary health benefits of S. hispanica seed and oil to acknowledge concerns of adverse events from its ingestion, to assess current research in the field, and to highlight the importance of quality compendial standards to support safe use. To achieve this end, a large-scale literature search was partaken on the two well-known databases, PubMed and SciFinder. Hundreds of articles detailing such benefits as decreased blood glucose, decreased waist circumference and weight in overweight adults, and improvements in pruritic skin and endurance in distance runners have been recorded. These benefits must be considered within the appropriate circumstances.
Intra-articular Alpha-2 Agonists as an Adjunct to Local Anesthetic in Knee Arthroscopy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Holyoak Rhys , Vlok Ruan , Melhuish Thomas , Hodge Anthony , Binks Matthew , Hurtado Glenn , White Leigh , Ryan Thomas 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe infiltration of local anesthetic has been shown to reduce postoperative pain in knee arthroscopy. Several studies have shown that the addition of agents such as magnesium and nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) result in an increased time to first analgesia and overall reduction in pain. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to determine whether the addition of an α-2 agonist (A2A) to intra-articular local anesthetic, results in a reduction in postoperative pain. Four major databases were systematically searched for relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) up to July 2017. RCTs containing a control group receiving a local anesthetic and an intervention group receiving the same with the addition of an A2A were included in the review. The included studies were assessed for level of evidence and risk of bias. The data were then analyzed both qualitatively and where appropriate by meta-analysis. We reviewed 12 RCTs including 603 patients. We found that the addition of an A2A resulted in a significant reduction in postoperative pain up to 24 hours. The addition of the A2A increased time to first analgesia request by 258.85 minutes (p < 0.00001). Total 24-hour analgesia consumption was analyzed qualitatively with all included studies showing a significant reduction in total analgesia requirement. Interestingly, none of the studies found an increase in side effects associated with the A2A. This study provides strong evidence for the use of A2As as a means to reduce postoperative pain post arthroscopic knee surgery, without a corresponding increase in side effects.
Ambulante Nephrologie
Authors: Daschner Michael , Grieger Manfred 
Published: March 2018

ZusammenfassungDie ambulante nephrologische Versorgung ist wegen der demografischen Entwicklung ein zukunftsträchtiger Bereich
der Medizin. Neben der Dialysebehandlung steht gerade die Diagnostik und Therapie von Nierenkrankheiten im
Fokus mit dem Ziel der Prävention vor der Dialyse. Die Deutsche Gesellschaft für Nephrologie (DGfN) e. V. und
der Verband Deutsche Nierenzentren (DN) e. V. unterstützen den Prozess, dass junge Kolleginnen und Kollegen
weiter selbstständig und freiberuflich nephrologische Versorgung leisten können.
Mit Bedacht kombinieren
Authors: Holzhauer Peter 
Published: March 2018

ZusammenfassungZwischen Schul- und Komplementärmedizin kann es zu Wechselwirkungen kommen. Deshalb sollte am Anfang jeder Therapie eine gründliche Anamnese stehen. Wechselwirkungen spielen beispielsweise in der Krebstherapie eine große Rolle, da die Patienten hier auf unterschiedlichen Wegen nach Linderung und Heilung suchen. 80% aller onkologischen Patienten setzten neben klassischen Medikamenten diverse Vitamine, Spurenelemente und andere Naturstoffe ein. Vor einer medikamentösen Tumortherapie gilt es daher, alle parallel eingenommenen Substanzen sowie die Ernährung des Patienten mitzuberücksichtigen.
Mikrobizide und viruzide Aufbereitung von
Dialysegeräten
Authors: von Rheinbaben Friedrich , Riebe Oliver , Köhnlein Johanna , Werner Sebastian 
Published: March 2018

ZusammenfassungZentrales Bauteil des Genius® 90 Therapie Systems ist der sogenannte
Genius-Tank, dem die frische Dialyseflüssigkeit entnommen und in den die
verbrauchte Lösung nach der Dialyse zurückgeführt wird. Daher kommt der sicheren
Aufbereitung des Systems eine besondere Bedeutung zu. Hierfür wird ein
Aufbereitungsverfahren unter Verwendung von UV-Licht in Kombination mit einem
chemischen Desinfektionsmittel angewendet. Ziel der hier beschriebenen
Untersuchung war es, die Wirkungsbreite und Wirkungstiefe dieses
Aufbereitungsverfahrens unter praxisnahen Phase-3-Bedingungen zu ermitteln. Dazu
wurde das Gerät mit Mikroorganismen und Viren künstlich kontaminiert und die
Wirkung der einzelnen Verfahrensschritte ermittelt. Im Gegensatz zu der üblichen
Vorgehensweise praxisnaher Untersuchungen machen Aufbereitungsverfahren
medizinischer Geräte unter Phase-3-Kriterien meist eine neuartige Arbeitsweise
erforderlich – im Falle der hier vorgestellten Untersuchung sogar die
Konstruktion eines speziellen Geräts zur Platzierung von Keimträgen im
Genius-Tank. Im Ergebnis konnte gezeigt werden, dass bereits UV-Licht allein
sowie in Kombination mit einem chemischen Desinfektionsmittel unter praxisnahen
Bedingungen eine sichere Wirksamkeit gegen Bakterien (Pseudomonas aeruginosa)
und bakterielle Sporen (Bacillus subtilis), Schimmelpilze (Aspergillus
brasiliensis) und Viren (Murines Parvovirus) besitzt.