bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Role of synthetic process parameters of nano-sized cobalt/nickel oxide in controlling their structural characteristics and electrochemical energy performance as supercapacitor electrodes
Authors: Adel Marwa , Hassan Dina , Mohamed Marwa A. A. , Kassem Taher Salah Edin , Fetouh Howida Abouel , AbdElhafez Sara. E. , El Nady Jehan 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe synthesis of nano-sized bimetallic Cobalt/Nickel oxides (Ni1.5Co1.5O4) with a 1:1 Co/Ni atomic ratio has been achieved using a surfactant-free co-precipitation/hydrothermal process. The growth mechanism of Cobalt/Nickel oxides Ni1.5Co1.5O4 is elucidated by tuning the synthesis process parameters, including co-precipitation pH and hydrothermal time. The formation of Cobalt/Nickel oxides Ni1.5Co1.5O4 oxide began with the nucleation of cobalt nickel hydroxide nanoplates through the co-precipitation process, followed by dissolution-recrystallization, stacked hexagonal nano-flakes, and a flower-like microstructure. The electrochemical performances of the oxides were evaluated, with the largest surface area observed at pH 9 being the main factor for the best super-capacitive performance. As hydrothermal time increased, the structural directing growth forward, resulted in the formation of a nano-flower structure with a larger surface area. The as-prepared cobalt nickel oxide exhibited a maximum specific capacitance value of 525.5 F g-1 at a current density of 1 A g-1 and energy and power densities of 88.2 WhKg-1 and 606 WKg-1, respectively.
Stability of immobilized L-arginine deiminase from Penicillium chrysogenum and evaluation of its anticancer activity
Authors: El-Shora Hamed M. , El-Sayyad Gharieb S. , El-Zawawy Nessma A. , Abd El-Rheem Mohamed A. , Metwally Metwally A. , Metwally Sally A. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe aim of the present work was to immobilize L-arginine deiminase on suitable supports such as chitosan, alginate, and silica gel to study its stability. Additionally, the study aims to investigate the anticancer effects of the free purified enzyme on hepatocellular carcinoma (Hep-G2) and breast cancer (MCF-7) cell lines. L-arginine deiminase (ADI: EC 3.5.3.6) was immobilized on chitosan, Ca-alginate, and silica gel, with immobilization efficiencies of 89.0%, 72.8%, and 66.5%, respectively. The optimal immobilization time for the highest efficiency was 4 h. Increasing the concentration of glutaraldehyde improved the immobilization efficiency of ADI on chitosan. The chitosan-immobilized ADI retained about 45% of its activity after 8 cycles. The optimal pH values were 6 for the free purified ADI and 7 for the chitosan-immobilized ADI. The optimal temperature increased from 40 °C for the free enzyme to 45 °C after immobilization. The activation energies for the free and chitosan-immobilized enzymes were 71.335 kJ/mol and 64.011 kJ/mol, respectively. The Km values for the free and chitosan-immobilized ADI were 0.76 mM and 0.77 mM, respectively, while the Vmax values were 80.0 U/mg protein for the free ADI and 71.4 U/mg protein for the chitosan-immobilized ADI. After 30 days of storage at 4 °C, the residual activities were 40% for the free purified ADI and 84% for the chitosan-immobilized ADI. At 25 °C, the residual activities were 10% for the free ADI and 75% for the chitosan-immobilized ADI. The chitosan-immobilized ADI exhibited significantly higher stability against proteases such as pepsin and trypsin compared to the free enzyme. The purified ADI also demonstrated enhanced potential anticancer effects and significant cytotoxicity against the Hep-G2 and MCF-7 tumor cell lines compared to doxorubicin. These findings suggest that purified ADI has potential as an anticancer agent, though further in-depth studies are required.
Protective effects of a lactobacilli mixture against Alzheimer’s disease-like pathology triggered by Porphyromonas gingivalis
Authors: Kazemi Niloofar , Khorasgani Mohammad Rabbani , Noorbakhshnia Maryam , Razavi Seyed Mohammad , Narimani Tahmineh , Naghsh Narges 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPorphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) is one of the pathogens involved in gingival inflammation, which may trigger neuroinflammatory diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD). This study aimed to investigate the protective (preventive and treatment) effects of a lactobacilli mixture combining Lactobacillus reuteri PTCC1655, Lactobacillus brevis CD0817, Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus PTCC1637, and Lactobacillus plantarum PTCC1058 against P. gingivalis-induced gingival inflammation and AD-like pathology in rats. These probiotic strains exhibited cognitive enhancement effects, but this study proposed to assess their activity in a mixture. To propose a probable mechanism for P. gingivalis cognitive impairments, the TEs balance were analyzed in hippocampus and cortex tissues. Animals were divided into five groups: the control, lactobacilli, P. gingivalis, lactobacilli + P. gingivalis (prevention), and P. gingivalis + lactobacilli group (treatment) groups. The behavioral and histopathological changes were compared among them. Finally, The Trace elements (TEs) levels in the hippocampus and cortex tissues were analyzed. The palatal tissue sections of the P. gingivalis infected rats showed moderate inflammation with dense infiltration of inflammatory cells, a limited area of tissue edema, and vascular congestion. Additionally, passive avoidance learning and spatial memory were impaired. Histopathological tests revealed the presence of Aβ-positive cells in the P. gingivalis group. While the Aβ-positive cells decreased in the treatment group, their formation was inhibited in the preventive group. Administration of a mixture of lactobacilli (orally) effectively mitigated the gingival inflammation, Aβ production, and improved learning and memory functions. Moreover, Zn, Cu, and Mn levels in the hippocampus were dramatically elevated by P. gingivalis infection, whereas lactobacilli mixture mitigated these disruptive effects. The lactobacilli mixture significantly prevented the disruptive effects of P. gingivalis on gingival and brain tissues in rats. Therefore, new formulated combination of lactobacilli may be a good candidate for inhibiting the P. gingivalis infection and its subsequent cognitive effects. The current study aimed to evaluate the effects of a lactobacilli mixture to manage the disruptive effects of P. gingivalis infection on memory.
The mediating effect of social intelligence in the association between social anxiety and mental health among Chinese nursing students
Authors: Bai Qiangwei , Cui Zhenti , Hou Rui , Wang Jingjing 
Published: November 2024

AbstractSocial anxiety is highly prevalent among nursing students and is associated with poor mental health. However, the underlying mechanism in such an association remains unclear. This study aimed to examine the potential mediating role of social intelligence in the association between social anxiety and mental health using the Stress-Coping Model (SCM) as the theoretical framework. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 748 nursing students recruited from a Chinese University from December 2022 to March 2023. Students completed an online questionnaire to assess their social anxiety, social intelligence, and mental health. The PROCESS SPSS Macro (model 4) was used to test the mediation effect of social intelligence on the association between social anxiety and mental health. The results showed that nursing students had moderate levels of social anxiety, social intelligence, and mental health, which varied according to their profile characteristics. Social anxiety was negatively associated with mental health, and the association was partially mediated by social intelligence. Our study offers fresh insights into the impact of social anxiety on mental health and sheds light on the intricate mediating role of social intelligence. These findings offer valuable insights for research and clinical endeavors aimed at formulating psychosocial interventions to enhance the mental health of nursing students.
Pupillary manifolds: uncovering the latent geometrical structures behind phasic changes in pupil size
Authors: Blini Elvio , Arrighi Roberto , Anobile Giovanni 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe size of the pupils reflects directly the balance of different branches of the autonomic nervous system. This measure is inexpensive, non-invasive, and has provided invaluable insights on a wide range of mental processes, from attention to emotion and executive functions. Two outstanding limitations of current pupillometry research are the lack of consensus in the analytical approaches, which vary wildly across research groups and disciplines, and the fact that, unlike other neuroimaging techniques, pupillometry lacks the dimensionality to shed light on the different sources of the observed effects. In other words, pupillometry provides an integrated readout of several distinct networks, but it is unclear whether each has a specific fingerprint, stemming from its function or physiological substrate. Here we show that phasic changes in pupil size are inherently low-dimensional, with modes that are highly consistent across behavioral tasks of very different nature, suggesting that these changes occur along pupillary manifolds that are highly constrained by the underlying physiological structures rather than functions. These results provide not only a unified approach to analyze pupillary data, but also the opportunity for physiology and psychology to refer to the same processes by tracing the sources of the reported changes in pupil size in the underlying biology.
Investigation of the hypoglycemic bioactive components of Phyllanthi Fructus through biological assessment combined with ultrafiltration affinity mass spectrometry
Authors: Zhang Yifan , Yu Qiang , Tan Peng , Tian Shimin , Lin Junzhi , Li Mengqi , Han Li , Huang Haozhou , Zhang Dingkun 
Published: November 2024

An in vitro biological evaluation method for the hypoglycemic activity of PF related to in vivo activity was established for the first time. 8 α-glucosidase inhibitors were found by UF-LC-MS, molecular docking and enzyme activity studies.
Efficient transformer tracking with adaptive attention
Authors: Xiao Dingkun , Wei Zhenzhong , Zhang Guangjun 
Published: November 2024

AbstractRecently, several trackers utilising Transformer architecture have shown significant performance improvement. However, the high computational cost of multi‐head attention, a core component in the Transformer, has limited real‐time running speed, which is crucial for tracking tasks. Additionally, the global mechanism of multi‐head attention makes it susceptible to distractors with similar semantic information to the target. To address these issues, the authors propose a novel adaptive attention that enhances features through the spatial sparse attention mechanism with less than 1/4 of the computational complexity of multi‐head attention. Our adaptive attention sets a perception range around each element in the feature map based on the target scale in the previous tracking result and adaptively searches for the information of interest. This allows the module to focus on the target region rather than background distractors. Based on adaptive attention, the authors build an efficient transformer tracking framework. It can perform deep interaction between search and template features to activate target information and aggregate multi‐level interaction features to enhance the representation ability. The evaluation results on seven benchmarks show that the authors’ tracker achieves outstanding performance with a speed of 43 fps and significant advantages in hard circumstances.
The cosmological analysis of X-ray cluster surveys
Authors: Kosiba M. , Cerardi N. , Pierre M. , Lanusse F. , Garrel C. , Werner N. , Shalak M. 
Published: November 2024

Context. The number density of galaxy clusters across mass and redshift has been established as a powerful cosmological probe, yielding important information on the matter components of the Universe. Cosmological analyses with galaxy clusters traditionally employ scaling relations, which are empirical relationships between cluster masses and their observable properties. However, many challenges arise from this approach as the scaling relations are highly scattered, maybe ill-calibrated, depend on the cosmology, and contain many nuisance parameters with low physical significance.
Aims. For this paper, we used a simulation-based inference method utilizing artificial neural networks to optimally extract cosmological information from a shallow X-ray survey, solely using count rates, hardness ratios, and redshifts. This procedure enabled us to conduct likelihood-free inference of cosmological parameters Ωm and σ8.
Methods. To achieve this, we analytically generated several datasets of 70 000 cluster samples with totally random combinations of cosmological and scaling relation parameters. Each sample in our simulation is represented by its galaxy cluster distribution in a count rate (CR) and hardness ratio (HR) space in multiple redshift bins. We trained convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to retrieve the cosmological parameters from these distributions. We then used neural density estimation (NDE) neural networks to predict the posterior probability distribution of Ωm and σ8 given an input galaxy cluster sample.
Results. Using the survey area as a proxy for the number of clusters detected for fixed cosmological and astrophysical parameters, and hence of the Poissonian noise, we analyze various survey sizes. The 1σ errors of our density estimator on one of the target testing simulations are 1000 deg2, 15.2% for Ωm and 10.0% for σ8; and 10 000 deg2, 9.6% for Ωm and 5.6% for σ8. We also compare our results with a traditional Fisher analysis and explore the effect of an additional constraint on the redshift distribution of the simulated samples.
Conclusions. We demonstrate, as a proof of concept, that it is possible to calculate cosmological predictions of Ωm and σ8 from a galaxy cluster population without explicitly computing cluster masses and even the scaling relation coefficients, thus avoiding potential biases resulting from such a procedure.
Aktive Überwachung beim nicht muskelinvasiven Blasenkarzinom
Authors: Lorenz Judith 
Published: November 2024

ZusammenfassungFür low-grade nicht muskelinvasive Blasenkarzinome (LG-NMIBC) bietet sich angesichts ihrer guten Überlebensprognose eine aktive Überwachung an. Ziel ist dabei der Erhalt der Lebensqualität durch die Reduktion chirurgischer Interventionen bei gleichzeitiger Minimierung des Tumorprogressionsrisikos. Wie lassen sich Personen identifizieren, die sich auch nach einem Rezidiv für ein Fortführen der aktiven Überwachung eignen?
Zwischen Schulgeld und Ausbildungsvergütung – Finanzierung der
Schulen im deutschen Gesundheitswesen
Authors: Sandeck Florian , Hanke-Szymczak Alina , Ziegler Janna 
Published: November 2024

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung Die Schulen im Gesundheitswesen nehmen eine besondere Rolle in
der Struktur des deutschen Bildungssystems ein. Neben öffentlichen Schulen
existiert der überwiegende Anteil der Schulen in freier Trägerschaft als Ersatz-
oder Ergänzungsschulen. Viele Schulen sind direkt an ein Krankenhaus (KH)
angesiedelt. Andere agieren finanziell unabhängig von KH und schließen
Kooperationsverträge mit entsprechenden Einrichtungen für die praktische
Ausbildung. In diesem Artikel werden die Unterschiede zwischen öffentlichen
Schulen, Ersatz- und Ergänzungsschulen im Gesundheitswesen erklärt und
spezieller Bezug auf deren Finanzierung genommen. Außerdem wird aufgezeigt,
welche Auswirkungen die Ansiedlung einer Schule an einem KH mit sich bringt.
Methodik Die Informationen zu den Schularten wurden über
Expert:inneninterviews, sowie durch das Sichten von Gesetzestexten
generiert.
Ergebnisse Als Basis werden die gesetzlichen Rahmenbedingungen beleuchtet
und für die Therapieberufe beispielhaft konkretisiert. Rechtsgrundlage bilden
Teile des Grundgesetzes. Die Finanzierung der öffentlichen Schulen ist
gesetzlich geregelt und wird vom jeweiligen Land bzw. der Gemeinde o.Ä.
getragen. Dies gilt auch für öffentliche Schulen im Gesundheitswesen. Auch für
Ersatz- und Ergänzungsschulen die unter das Krankenhausfinanzierungsgesetz (KHG)
fallen, gibt es einheitliche Vorgaben. Auszubildende in Therapieberufen erhalten
eine Vergütung, wenn deren Schulen mit einem KH kooperieren, die entsprechende
Tarifeinigungen geschlossen haben. Private Schulen die nicht an den
Ausbildungsfonds des KHG angeschlossen sind, müssen auf alternative
Finanzierungsquellen zurückgreifen. Die wirtschaftliche Leistungserbringung ist
oft erschwert und führt somit schlussendlich dazu, dass ein Schulgeld
eingefordert werden muss.
Schlussfolgerung Die unterschiedlichen landesspezifischen Regelungen
tragen dazu bei, dass die Finanzierung in der Ausbildungslandschaft des
Gesundheitswesens unübersichtlich und teilweise unverständlich erscheint. Eine
Schulgeldfreiheit kann daher nach den derzeit bestehenden Gesetzen nicht in
jedem Land bzw. an jeder Schule gewährleistet werden. Es bleibt demnach
abzuwarten, ob und wann sich an der Sonderrolle der Gesundheitsberufe im
deutschen Bildungssystem etwas verändert, so dass eine eindeutige und
einheitliche Finanzierung der Ausbildungslandschaft in den Gesundheitsberufen
für alle transparent und nachvollziehbar wird.
Von disseminierten Tumorzellen zur ctDNA – Liquid Biopsies im Mammakarzinom und die Erkenntnisse der letzten 20 Jahre
Authors: Pfister Kerstin , Huesmann Sophia , Fink Angelina , Schäffler Henning , Heublein Sabine , Rack Brigitte , Janni Wolfgang 
Published: November 2024

ZusammenfassungLiquid Biopsies, blutbasierte Biomarker, haben einen immer größer werdenden Stellenwert in der Überwachung und Therapiesteuerung onkologischer Erkrankungen erreicht. Beim frühen Mammakarzinom gehen dem bildgebend nachgewiesen Lokal- oder Fernrezidiv oft monate- bis jahrelang Tumorresiduen voraus (minimale Resterkrankung, MRD), welche durch die immer sensitiver werdenden Methoden nachgewiesen werden können. Den aktuell größten klinischen Stellenwert haben zirkulierende Tumorzellen und freie Tumor-DNA. Eine bessere Überwachung im Sinne einer intensivierten Nachsorge kann ein neues Therapiefenster zwischen der frühen Brustkrebserkrankung und der metastasierten Situation eröffnen. Durch eine post-adjuvante Therapie kann so die Prognose der Patient*innen potenziell deutlich verbessert werden.
Das Forschungsfeld der Uro-Onkologie ausloten
Authors: Willen Christine 
Published: November 2024

ZusammenfassungAnlässlich des 76. Kongresses der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Urologie (DGU) in Leipzig wurden unter anderem aktuelle Trends im Forschungsfeld der Uro-Onkologie vorgestellt und Strahlentherapie-bedingte Nebenwirkungen und deren Minimierung diskutiert.
Feasibility of modified double-layered suturing for a large mucosal defect after duodenal endoscopic submucosal dissection (origami method)
Authors: Masunaga Teppei , Sasaki Motoki , Murata Shoma , Imura Yuri , Minezaki Daisuke , Tojo Anna , Sakurai Hinako , Iwata Kentaro , Miyazaki Kurato , Mizutani Mari , Nishikawa Michiko , Akimoto Teppei , Takatori Yusaku , Kawasaki Shintaro , Matsuura Noriko , Tomida Hideomi , Nakayama Atsushi , Sujino Tomohisa , Takabayashi Kaoru , Yahagi Naohisa , Kato Motohiko 
Published: November 2024

AbstractA modified double-layered suturing procedure (origami method; OGM) can achieve robust closure, even for large mucosal defects, by folding the muscle layer using through-the-scope clips. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of OGM in duodenal endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD).This retrospective, observational study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital. We reviewed cases of OGM attempted after duodenal ESD between June 2022 and April 2023. We excluded lesions located in the duodenal bulb or involving the major papilla. We measured the clinical characteristics and outcomes.OGM was attempted in 28 cases after duodenal ESD. The median mucosal defect size was 38 mm (range 26−110). Complete closure was achieved in 27 cases (96%), including the largest lesion. The median closure time was 16 minutes. There were no perforations caused by clips. Delayed perforation and bleeding were not observed. Among 28 cases, 21 underwent follow-up endoscopy 3–5 days after ESD, and the muscle layer remained folded in all cases.OGM achieved a high rate of complete closure even after duodenal ESD. Closure with OGM was robust enough to maintain the folded muscle layer for at least 3 days postoperatively.
Olefination of Activated Alkyl Halides with Phosphonium Salts
Authors: Roediger Sven , Vieira Adriana Neves , Morandi Bill , Brudy Cosima L. , Trabesinger Mischa , Hübscher Jan 
Published: November 2024

AbstractA base-promoted olefination reaction between alkylphosphonium salts and activated alkyl halides has been developed. The products were obtained in excellent E-selectivity. In contrast to most other olefination reactions of phosphonium salts, the reaction yields triphenylphosphine as the main by-product, which can be directly reused in the formation of new phosphonium salts.
Sub-ambient water wettability of hydrophilic and hydrophobic SiO2 surfaces
Authors: Liu Jianghui , Cao Haishan 
Published: November 2024

The wettability of SiO2 surfaces, crucial for understanding the phase transition processes of water, remains a topic of significant controversy in the literature due to uncertainties in experiments. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations offer a promising avenue for elucidating these complexities, yet studies specifically addressing water contact angles on hydrophilic and hydrophobic SiO2 surfaces at sub-ambient temperatures are notably absent. In this study, we experimentally measured water contact angles of hydrophilic and hydrophobic SiO2 surfaces at ambient temperature and employed MD to investigate water contact angles on Q3, Q3/Q4, and Q4 SiO2 surfaces across temperatures ranging from 220 to 300 K. We investigated the effects of the distribution of hydroxyl groups, droplet size, and hydroxyl density and found that the hydroxyl density had the largest impact on contact angle. Moreover, hydrogen bond analysis uncovered enhanced water affinities of Q3 and Q3/Q4 SiO2 surfaces at lower temperatures, and the spreading rate of precursor films reduced with decreasing temperature. This comprehensive study sheds light on the intricate interaction between surface properties and water behavior, promoting our understanding of the wettability of SiO2 surfaces.
Recent advances in controlled manipulation of micro/nano particles: a review
Authors: Shah Mohsin , Wu Yixuan , Chen Shulei , Mead James L , Hou Lizhen , Liu Kun , Tao Shaohua , Fatikow Sergej , Wang Shiliang 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This review discusses the transformative impact of micro/nano particle manipulation techniques across scientific and technological disciplines. Emphasizing the pivotal role of precise control at the micro and nanoscale, the paper categorizes manipulation strategies into mechanical/surface force-based, field-control manipulation, and microfluidics manipulation. It addresses challenges specific to the submicrometer scale, highlighting the strengths and limitations of each approach. The unique behaviors exhibited by objects at the micro–nano scale influence the design and operation of manipulators, algorithms, and control systems, particularly in interactions with biological systems. The review covers dielectrophoresis and magnetic manipulation, showcasing their applications in particle manipulation and microfluidics. The evolution of optical tweezers, including holographic, surface plasmon-based, and optical fiber tweezers, is discussed, emphasizing their contributions in various scientific fields. Additionally, the paper also explores the manipulation of micro/nano particle in microfluidic platforms. The comprehensive review underscores the significance of understanding manipulation strategies in diverse environments, anticipating further advancements in science and technology.