bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Early prediction of phenotypic severity in Citrullinemia Type 1
Authors: Zielonka Matthias , Kölker Stefan , Gleich Florian , Stützenberger Nicolas , Nagamani Sandesh C. S. , Gropman Andrea L. , Hoffmann Georg F. , Garbade Sven F. , Posset Roland ,   the Urea Cycle Disorders Consortium (UCDC) and the European Registry and Network for Intoxication type Metabolic Diseases (E‐IMD) Consortia Study Group
Published: August 2019

AbstractObjectiveCitrullinemia type 1 (CTLN1) is an inherited metabolic disease affecting the brain which is detectable by newborn screening. The clinical spectrum is highly variable including individuals with lethal hyperammonemic encephalopathy in the newborn period and individuals with a mild‐to‐moderate or asymptomatic disease course. Since the phenotypic severity has not been predictable early during the disease course so far, we aimed to design a reliable disease prediction model.MethodsWe used a newly established mammalian biallelic expression system to determine residual enzymatic activity of argininosuccinate synthetase 1 (ASS1; OMIM #215700) in 71 individuals with CTLN1, representing 48 ASS1 gene variants and 50 different, mostly compound heterozygous combinations in total. Residual enzymatic ASS1 activity was correlated to standardized biochemical and clinical endpoints available from the UCDC and E‐IMD databases.ResultsResidual enzymatic ASS1 activity correlates with peak plasma ammonium and L‐citrulline concentrations at initial presentation. Individuals with 8% of residual enzymatic ASS1 activity or less had more frequent and more severe hyperammonemic events and lower cognitive function than those above 8%, highlighting that residual enzymatic ASS1 activity allows reliable severity prediction. Noteworthy, empiric clinical practice of affected individuals is in line with the predicted disease severity supporting the notion of a risk stratification‐based guidance of therapeutic decision‐making based on residual enzymatic ASS1 activity in the future.InterpretationResidual enzymatic ASS1 activity reliably predicts the phenotypic severity in CTLN1. We propose a new severity‐adjusted classification system for individuals with CTLN1 based on the activity results of the newly established biallelic expression system.
Origami NdFeB Flexible Magnetic Membranes with Enhanced Magnetism and Programmable Sequences of Polarities
Authors: Li Ya , Qi Zhijie , Yang Jingxuan , Zhou Mingxing , Zhang Xin , Ling Wei , Zhang Yingying , Wu Ziyue , Wang Hanjie , Ning Baoan , Xu Hang , Huo Wenxing , Huang Xian 
Published: August 2019

AbstractPermanent magnets are essential components for many biomedical systems and electromechanical devices, which may be made into flexible formats to achieve wearable monitoring and effective integration with biological tissues. However, the development of high‐performance flexible permanent magnets is challenging due to their ultrathin geometries, which contradict with the thickness‐dependent magnetic properties. In addition, magnetic membranes with controllable sequences of polarities are difficult to achieve. Here, origami techniques to achieve flexible permanent magnetic membranes with enhanced magnetic field strength and programmable sequences of polarities are presented. Linear Halbach arrays, circular Halbach arrays, and concentric magnets with thicknesses ranging from 130 to 500 µm and bending curvatures ranging from 0.039 to 0.0043 µm−1 are achieved through different folding mechanisms. The origami membranes offer a maximum field intensity of 72 mT and extremely strong magnetic force of 0.21 N cm−2, allowing various novel applications demonstrated through electronics interfacing, cell manipulations, and soft robotics. The origami techniques offer large magnetism and complex spatial field distribution, and enable practical use of thin flexible magnetic membranes in constructing miniaturized or even flexible electromechanical systems and biomedical instruments for magnetic resonance imaging, targeted drug delivery, health monitoring, and cancer therapy.
Visible Light Mediated Sulfenylation‐Annulation Cascade of Alkyne Tethered Cyclohexadienones
Authors: Nair Akshay M. , Kumar Shreemoyee , Volla Chandra M. R. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractA mild and facile method to access sulfenylated dihydrochromenones via a visible light mediated thiol‐yne/conjugate addition cascade of alkyne‐tethered cyclohexadienones, using cheap and readily available organic photoredox catalyst (Eosin Y) is demonstrated. The utility and sustainability of the protocol were further justified by the high yields, excellent diastereoselectivities, broad substrate scope, gram scale synthesis, green chemistry metrics (atom economy and efficiency) and further synthetic transformations of the products.magnified image
Is there hope for domestically produced poultry meat? A choice experiment of consumers in Ghana
Authors: Asante‐Addo Collins , Weible Daniela 
Published: August 2019

AbstractOver the past few decades, the opening up of trade has often put producers in developing countries under competitive pressure from food imports, particularly in the case of poultry products. Consequently, raising numerous concerns about the continued growth of domestic poultry production, especially in sub‐Saharan Africa. Therefore, this paper assesses consumers’ preferences and willingness to pay for chicken meat of domestic and imported origins and other quality attributes. We used data conducted among 500 consumers in Ghana. Results from both a random parameter logit and a latent class models show that consumers have heterogeneous preferences for chicken meat attributes. Specifically, findings indicate that consumers prefer domestic to imported chicken and are willing to pay a premium for domestic chicken. In addition, antibiotic/hormone‐free, fresh, and cuts are preferred with antibiotic/hormone‐free having a larger impact on choices. Furthermore, consumers’ preferences differ across segments and are largely based on their attitudes towards food. [EconLit citations : C25, D12, Q13].
Classification and identification of gas–liquid dispersion states in a jet bubbling reactor
Authors: Shuai Yun , Zhang Peng , Guo Xiaoyun , Wang Xinyan , Huang Zhengliang , Yang Yao , Sun Jingyuan , Li Meng , Jiang Yan , Ma Jiong , Wang Jingdai , Yang Yongrong 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThree gas–liquid dispersion states including flooding, loading, and complete dispersion are observed sequentially in a jet bubbling reactor with an increase of the liquid jet velocity at the nozzle outlet (uj). The gas–liquid dispersion states are identified through the slope (k) of the curve of fluctuation distribution index (FI) versus uj as follows: (a) under the flooding, k = 0; (b) under the loading, k > 0; (c) under the complete dispersion, k < 0. In particular, the uj at the transition points from flooding to loading and from loading to complete dispersion are referred to flooding jet velocity (ujf, the transition point between k = 0 and k > 0) and complete dispersion jet velocity (ujcd, the transition point from k > 0 to k < 0), respectively. The average relative deviations of the uj at the transition points obtained through the acoustic emission measurement and visual observation are less than 5%.
Systems Measures of a Trauma‐Informed Approach: A Systematic Review
Authors: Champine Robey B. , Lang Jason M. , Nelson Ashley M. , Hanson Rochelle F. , Tebes Jacob K. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractInterest in trauma‐informed approaches has grown substantially. These approaches are characterized by integrating understanding of trauma throughout a program, organization, or system to enhance the quality, effectiveness, and delivery of services provided to individuals and groups. However, variation in definitions of trauma‐informed approaches, coupled with underdeveloped research on measurement, poses challenges for evaluating the effectiveness of models designed to support a trauma‐informed approach. This systematic review of peer‐reviewed and gray literature identified 49 systems‐based measures that were created to assess the extent to which relational, organizational, and community/system practices were trauma‐informed. Measures were included if they assessed at least one component of a trauma‐informed approach, were not screening or diagnostic instruments, were standardized, were relevant to practices addressing the psychological impacts of trauma, were printed in English, and were published between 1988 and 2018. Most (77.6%) measures assessed organizational‐level staff and climate characteristics. There remain several challenges to this emerging field, including inconsistently reported psychometric data, redundancy across measures, insufficient evidence of a link to stakeholder outcomes, and limited information about measurement development processes. We discuss these opportunities and challenges and their implications for future research and practice.
Ultrasociality and Intersubjectivity
Authors: Christens Brian D. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractMultidisciplinary studies of evolution are pointing toward an intersubjective understanding of human cognition, belief, and behavior. Contrary to classical views of reason and knowledge, human mental capacity should not be thought of as an individually based tool for independent judgment and logical problem‐solving. Instead, key aspects of learning and cognition were likely shaped to facilitate our species’ greatest relative advantage from the standpoint of natural selection: large‐scale collaboration. Much of what appears to be faulty reasoning or inaccurate belief when viewed at the level of individuals makes more sense when considered in terms of intersubjectivity and group‐level processes. Yet, distributed cognition also has shortcomings. Among these is, paradoxically, the propensity toward individualistic understandings of human thinking and behavior. Moreover, our intersubjective thought processes tend to be biased in favor of our in‐groups and maintaining existing systems. Taken together, these premises correspond with some of the theoretical underpinnings of community research and social action. Yet, they challenge or complicate others. Further consideration of humans’ intersubjective cognition and learning may yield improved results in a variety of practices, including education and efforts to catalyze social and systemic changes.
A Highly Regioselective and Practical Synthesis of α‐Aryl Ketones under a Cooperative Cascade Effect of an Ionic Liquid and Tetrabutylammonium Fluoride
Authors: Thopate Yogesh , Singh Richa , Rastogi Sumit K. , Sinha Arun K. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractA metal‐free regioselective synthesis of α‐aryl ketone from corresponding bromohydrin via cooperative cascade effect of [hmim]Br and tetrabutylammonium fluoride under microwave irradiation is reported. Applications of the protocol are illustrated by synthesis of drug intermediates piperonyl‐methyl ketone and 2‐tetralone. Interestingly, direct regioselective transformation of epoxide and 1,2‐diol into α‐aryl ketone under neat [hmim]Br has also been realized. Advantages of this method are demonstrated through the recyclability of [hmim]Br‐tetrabutylammonium fluoride catalytic system and gram scalability.
Towards systematic and evidence‐based conservation planning for western chimpanzees
Authors: Heinicke Stefanie , Mundry Roger , Boesch Christophe , Hockings Kimberley J. , Kormos Rebecca , Ndiaye Papa Ibnou , Tweh Clement G. , Williamson Elizabeth A. , Kühl Hjalmar S. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAs animal populations continue to decline, frequently driven by large‐scale land‐use change, there is a critical need for improved environmental planning. While data‐driven spatial planning is widely applied in conservation, as of yet it is rarely used for primates. The western chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes verus) declined by 80% within 24 years and was uplisted to Critically Endangered by the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species in 2016. To support conservation planning for western chimpanzees, we systematically identified geographic areas important for this taxon. We based our analysis on a previously published data set of modeled density distribution and on several scenarios that accounted for different spatial scales and conservation targets. Across all scenarios, typically less than one‐third of areas we identified as important are currently designated as high‐level protected areas (i.e., national park or IUCN category I or II). For example, in the scenario for protecting 50% of all chimpanzees remaining in West Africa (i.e., approximately 26,500 chimpanzees), an area of approximately 60,000 km2 was selected (i.e., approximately 12% of the geographic range), only 24% of which is currently designated as protected areas. The derived maps can be used to inform the geographic prioritization of conservation interventions, including protected area expansion, “no‐go‐zones” for industry and infrastructure, and conservation sites outside the protected area network. Environmental guidelines by major institutions funding infrastructure and resource extraction projects explicitly require corporations to minimize the negative impact on great apes. Therefore, our results can inform avoidance and mitigation measures during the planning phases of such projects. This study was designed to inform future stakeholder consultation processes that could ultimately integrate the conservation of western chimpanzees with national land‐use priorities. Our approach may help in promoting similar work for other primate taxa to inform systematic conservation planning in times of growing threats.
Variation in the fusion sequence of primary and secondary ossification centers in the human skeleton
Authors: Lenover Makenna B. , Šešelj Maja 
Published: August 2019

AbstractObjectivesOne of the biggest challenges for biological anthropologists is determining the minimum number of individuals in commingled skeletal samples in forensic or bioarcheological contexts. The fusion sequence of primary and secondary ossification centers is a promising, yet under‐explored, process to improve identification of associated remains of subadults and young adults, but is limited by the lack of understanding of population variation in this aspect of human development. While prior studies show within‐population variation in fusion sequence, possible geographic variation has not been systematically explored.Materials and methodsTo explore potential variation in fusion sequence in different populations, we analyzed eight skeletal samples of East Asian, North American, African, and European ancestry. Forty‐three epiphyses were cross tabulated to determine the order of beginning and completing fusion for each geographic group. Results were distilled into modal sequence (most common order) trajectories, including the variation around the modal sequence.ResultsPopulation variation occurs within and across all geographic groups, especially in later fusing sites. Some sites, such as the acromion and sacral elements, consistently exhibit greater variability. Among outliers from the modal sequence, it is more common for early‐fusing sites to fuse late than for later‐fusing sites to fuse early. The completing fusion trajectories vary less than the beginning fusion trajectories.DiscussionDespite considerable variation within and among different geographic groups, there are shared commonalities across different samples that can facilitate differentiation of multiple individuals. With fewer outliers, the completing fusion trajectories are potentially of greater practical use in forensic and bioarcheological practice.
A Series of High‐nuclear 3d‐4f (FeIII8LnIII2) Complexes: Syntheses, Structures, and Magnetic Properties
Authors: Zhao Xiao‐Qing , Wang Yi‐Yan , Bao Dong‐Xu , Zhang Fen‐Hang , Wu Wei , Xu Fu‐Sen , Zhang Qiu‐Hong , Li Yun‐Chun 
Published: August 2019

Six novel decanuclear clusters with formula of {[Fe8Ln2(O)4(OH)4(EtO)2(dhbp)4(dhbpH)2(piv)6]·4EtOH} (Ln = Y (1), Gd (2), Tb (3), Dy (4), Ho (5), Er (6), dhbpH2 = 6,6′‐dihydroxyl‐2,2′‐bipyridine, Hpiv = pivalic acid, EtOH = ethanol) have been synthesized and characterized. Single‐crystal and powder X‐ray diffraction analyses reveal that complexes 1–6 are isostructural and show a sandwich‐like FeIII8LnIII2 structure, in which the [Ln2] unit is sandwiched by two planar [Fe4] units. Magnetic properties of complexes 1–6 have been investigated and display dominant antiferromagnetic interactions, thereinto, complexes 4 and 6 display weak ferromagnetic behaviors associated with LnIII ions, while others are antiferromagnetic‐like features. Furthermore, complex 4 (FeIII8DyIII2) shows temperature/frequency‐dependent ac signals with an energy barrier of 4.1 K, indicating that complex 4 should be a single‐molecule magnet (SMM)
Core–sheath nanofibrous membranes based on poly(acrylonitrile‐butadiene‐styrene), polyacrylonitrile, and zinc oxide nanoparticles for photoreduction of Cr(VI) ions in aqueous solutions
Authors: Castro‐Ruíz Andrés , Rodríguez‐Tobías Heriberto , Abraham Gustavo A. , Rivero Guadalupe , Morales Graciela 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACTThis investigation addresses the design of a series of poly(acrylonitrile‐butadiene‐styrene)/polyacrylonitrile–zinc oxide(ABS/PAN–ZnO) membranes by coaxial electrospinning. In the first instance, an optimization of ABS and PAN electrospinning was performed, thus establishing suitable compositional and processing parameters for obtaining homogenous fibers. Then, coaxial electrospinning of ABS and PAN solutions containing different amount of ZnO nanoparticles was carried out. The coaxial morphology of the nanofibers and ZnO distribution/dispersion were studied by the combination of several techniques such as scanning electron microscopy, X‐ray energy dispersive analysis, contact angle, and thermogravimetric analysis. The performance of the obtained membranes for chromium (VI) ions removal from aqueous solutions was assessed by photoreduction using ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy. Electrospun mats composed of ABS (core)/PAN (sheath) embedded with 30 wt % of ZnO nanoparticles exhibited the highest chromium photoreduction (about 80%), suggesting the potential use of these membranes as filters for water purification. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci.2020,137, 48429.
Novel, promising, and broadband microwave‐absorbing nanocomposite based on the graphite‐like carbon nitride/CuS
Authors: Peymanfar Reza , Karimi Javad , Fallahi Reza 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACTIn this study, a broadband, intense, novel, and promising microwave‐absorbing nanocomposite was prepared using graphite‐like carbon nitride (g‐C3N4)/CuS suspended in poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) medium. The g‐C3N4nanosheets were synthesized by heating the urea as well as the CuS nanoparticles, and g‐C3N4/CuS nanocomposites were prepared using a solvothermal method and then were separately molded by a PMMA solution to investigate their microwave‐absorbing characteristics. The Fourier transform infrared and X‐ray powder diffraction were used to characterize the g‐C3N4, CuS, and CuS/g‐C3N4nanostructures, which confirmed that the pure structure of the nanomaterials has been synthesized. The optical properties of the nanostructures were also investigated by diffuse reflection spectroscopy analysis. Accordingly, the Kubelka–Munk theory suggested significant narrow band gap for g‐C3N4/CuS nanocomposite (0.27 eV), facilitating electron jumping and conductive loss. The morphology of the structures was examined using field emission scanning electron microscopy micrographs, illustrating that the uniform hexagonal structures of the CuS nanoplates have been formed and the CuS two‐dimensional structures were uniformly distributed on the g‐C3N4nanosheets. Finally, the microwave‐absorbing properties of the CuS, g‐C3N4, and g‐C3N4/CuS were investigated by PMMA as a host. The microwave‐absorbing properties were evaluated using a vector network analyzer. The results illustrated that the maximum reflection loss of the g‐C3N4/PMMA nanocomposite was −71.05 dB at 14.90 GHz with a thickness of 2.00 mm, demonstrating a 1.70 GHz bandwidth >30 dB, as well as g‐C3N4/CuS/PMMA nanocomposite absorbed 7.30 GHz bandwidth of more than 10 dB with a thickness of 1.80 mm along the x‐ and ku‐band frequency. The obtained results introduced the PMMA as a capable microwave‐absorbing substrate. Besides, the g‐C3N4/CuS/PMMA nanocomposite demonstrated metamaterial property and abundant attenuation constant. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci.2020,137, 48430.
Chimeric G‐CSF Receptor‐Mediated STAT3 Activation Contributes to Efficient Induction of Cardiomyocytes from Mouse Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells
Authors: Tsukamoto Tasuku , Sogo Takahiro , Ueyama Tomoe , Nakao Shu , Harada Yukihiro , Ihara Dai , Akagi Yuka , Kida Yasuyuki S. , Hasegawa Koji , Nagamune Teruyuki , Kawahara Masahiro , Kawamura Teruhisa 
Published: August 2019

AbstractProducing a sufficient number of cardiomyocytes from pluripotent stem cells has been of great demand for cardiac regeneration therapy. However, it remains challenging to efficiently differentiate cardiomyocytes with low costs. Reportedly, granulocyte colony‐stimulating factor (G‐CSF) receptor (GCSFR) signaling activates signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT) signaling and enhances cardiac differentiation from embryonic stem cells or induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). To economically and efficiently produce cardiomyocytes from iPSCs through GCSFR/STAT axis activation, we constructed antibody/receptor chimeras that can respond to an inexpensive small molecule. Single‐chain Fv of anti‐fluorescein (FL) antibody was ligated to transmembrane/cytoplasmic domains of GCSFRs, enabling transduction of GCSFR signaling in response to FL‐conjugated bovine serum albumin (BSA‐FL) as an alternative ligand. Mouse iPSC lines constitutively expressing these chimeric receptors exhibited increased BSA‐FL‐induced STAT3 phosphorylation in a dose‐dependent manner, which was abolished by an inhibitor of Janus tyrosine kinase (JAK). In addition, BSA‐FL stimulation also increased the incidence of beating embryoid bodies and upregulated cardiac‐specific gene expressions after differentiation in these iPSC lines. Therefore, the chimeric GCSFRs activated endogenous GCSFR signaling at least via the JAK/STAT3 pathway, thereby enhancing cardiac differentiation from iPSCs. This approach, as an economical strategy, could contribute to stem cell‐based cardiac regeneration therapy.
Recent Progress in Polyhydroxyalkanoates‐Based Copolymers for Biomedical Applications
Authors: Luo Zheng , Wu Yun‐Long , Li Zibiao , Loh Xian Jun 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIn recent years, naturally biodegradable polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) monopolymers have become focus of public attentions due to their good biocompatibility. However, due to its poor mechanical properties, high production costs, and limited functionality, its applications in materials, energy, and biomedical applications are greatly limited. In recent years, researchers have found that PHA copolymers have better thermal properties, mechanical processability, and physicochemical properties relative to their homopolymers. This review summarizes the synthesis of PHA copolymers by the latest biosynthetic and chemical modification methods. The modified PHA copolymer could greatly reduce the production cost with elevated mechanical or physicochemical properties, which can further meet the practical needs of various fields. This review further summarizes the broad applications of modified PHA copolymers in biomedical applications, which might shred lights on their commercial applications.