bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of a Teaching Session on Breast Self-Examination and Adherence Among Pregnant and Lactating Women in Ibadan, Nigeria
Authors: Odedina Stella O. , Ajayi IkeOluwapo O. , Morhason-Bello Imran O. , Babatundetuk Adedokun , Huo Dezheng , Olopade Olufunmilayo I. , Ojengbede Oladosu A. 
Published: October 2019

PURPOSE Educating women on how to examine their breasts can raise breast cancer awareness and early detection rates, especially in low- and middle-income countries. In this study, the influence of a teaching session on breast self-examination (BSE) during pregnancy was evaluated. METHODS A quasi-experimental study design was used. A total of 1,248 pregnant women whose pregnancies had a gestational age of 26 weeks or less were recruited from three antenatal clinics representing three tiers of the health care system in Nigeria. They were interviewed using a structured questionnaire, including BSE practice, and taught how to perform BSE using the MammaCare technique at recruitment. At 6 months postpartum, 729 participants were available for phone interview on BSE practice. Adherence to BSE was measured as a binary outcome comparing BSE performances at recruitment with follow-up. Conditional logistic regression analysis was used to determine the differences in BSE practices pre- and postintervention. Multiple logistic regression was used to identify predictors for adherence to BSE training at α = 0.05. RESULTS Participants’ mean age was 30.4 ± 4.9 years, 401 (55.0%) attended a secondary health facility for antenatal care, and 78 (10.7%) had breast disorders at recruitment. Two hundred fifty-three (34.7%) said they practiced BSE before recruitment, and 380 (52.1%) did so at follow-up (odds ratio, 1.91; CI, 1.51 to 2.42). Women less likely to adhere were those with breast disorders detected at recruitment (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.55; CI, 0.32 to 0.95) and women recruited from primary and secondary health facilities compared with those from a tertiary health facility (aOR, 0.41; CI, 0.17 to 0.98; aOR, 0.18; CI, 0.11 to 0.29, respectively). CONCLUSION Educational interventions can significantly improve screening practices, even if only one session, and should serve as an integral control for breast cancer.
Usability and Effectiveness of a Smartphone Application for Tracking Oncology Patients in Gaborone, Botswana
Authors: Shah Sidrah , Monare Barati , Urusaro Sandra , Bhatia Rohini , Singh Sherman Preet , Ralefala Tlotlo , Dhaliwal Givy , Grover Surbhi 
Published: October 2019

PURPOSE Most cancer diagnoses are expected to be in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) by 2025, and 65% of cancer deaths occur in LMICs. Treatment adherence and patient monitoring are essential to cancer care but are often not possible in LMICs. OP Care, a smartphone application developed to fill this gap, stores medical records virtually and texts appointment reminders to patients. This study assessed its usability and effectiveness. METHODS OP Care was piloted at Princess Marina Hospital in Gaborone, Botswana. The study was a cross-sectional study using surveys. All providers using the application were surveyed, along with all patients who were previously enrolled in the application and attended the gynecologic oncology clinic during the 3-week survey period. Staff demographics, reaction, opinions on usability, and patients’ reactions to appointment reminders were collected. Answers were recorded on a 1 (not at all) to 7 (extremely so) scale. Primary outcomes were the application’s usability and the effectiveness of the text reminders. The University of Pennsylvania Institutional Review Board and the Ministry of Health and Wellness in Botswana gave approval for the study. Patients provided written consent before enrollment. RESULTS Nine staff and 15 patients were surveyed. Staff included three doctors and six nurses, all of whom own a smartphone and use a computer at home. Most staff (78%) did not feel OP Care would increase their work burden and were willing to use the application if implemented permanently (median response, 6; interquartile range [IQR], 1). Most usability questions (17 of 19), such as “I feel comfortable using this system,” scored a median of 6. Most patients believed that the reminder text messages were helpful (median, 6; IQR, 1) but wanted the text reminders to be in the Setswana language (median, 7; IQR, 1). CONCLUSION High usability scores indicate the application is adaptable to other clinics. Although patients appreciate OP Care, the option for call and text reminders in Setswana is indicated. A potential limitation is that patients for whom the appointment reminders were not helpful were not necessarily included, because only patients in the clinic were surveyed. Strengths were inclusion of all involved staff, uniformity in survey administration, and inclusion of numerical analysis.
Cross-Sectional Study on Perceptions Regarding Cervical Cancer Screening and Human Papillomavirus Vaccination Among Female Patients in Rural Taiwan
Authors: Zhang Ruixuan J. , Bach Madeline , Yip Julia , Lin Athena 
Published: October 2019

PURPOSE Cervical cancer remains the eighth leading cause of cancer mortality among women in Taiwan. Despite availability of a National Health Insurance program with free yearly screenings, Papanicolaou testing and human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination rates have been historically low in Taiwan. Even in the United States, cervical cancer screening rates for Asian women are significantly lower than other ethnic groups. The goal is to direct future interventions by providing insight on barriers leading to low screening and vaccination rates among Taiwanese and Asian women. METHODS Anonymous surveys without patient identifiers were randomly administered to patients at a traditional Chinese medicine clinic in Hualien City in June 2018. Inclusion criterion was females. No exclusion criteria were defined. Participants provided written consent. Sixty-three completed surveys were received. A χ2 test was used to determine statistical significance (α = 0.05). RESULTS Formal education level correlated with increased knowledge of HPV ( P = .001), its route of transmission ( P = .044), its link to genital cancer ( P = .0024), and HPV vaccination ( P = .0039). Women were more likely to have Papanicolaou smears if they were older than 30 years of age ( P = .0033), visited the gynecologist ( P < .001), or were recommended one by their physicians ( P < .001). Although 57% of respondents knew of the HPV vaccine, only 19% were vaccinated. Among those not vaccinated, most cited reasons included an inability to find a physician providing it (23.5%), safety concerns (16.4%), belief that it encourages sexual behavior (14.5%), and high out-of-pocket expense (9.1%). CONCLUSION Knowledge of HPV does not predict a higher adherence to cervical screening guidelines. Instead, diligent physician recommendations on Papanicolaou smears can elevate adherence rates among patients. Significant contributors to low HPV vaccination rates in rural Taiwan include lack of awareness and access to the vaccine. Our study emphasizes the physician-patient relationship as a means to target vulnerable populations and increase rates of cervical cancer screening and HPV vaccination.
Toxic-Metabolic and Hereditary Optic Neuropathies
Authors: Oliveira Cristiano 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE OF REVIEW
The diagnosis of visual loss from toxic-metabolic and hereditary optic neuropathies may be delayed in some cases because of a failure to elicit important information in the clinical history or to recognize typical examination findings. An understanding of the features specific to each type of toxic-metabolic and hereditary optic neuropathy, and of the underlying mechanism of insult to the optic nerve, could lead to earlier recognition, diagnosis, and treatment (when available).

RECENT FINDINGS
Understanding of the role of mitochondria in toxic-metabolic and hereditary optic neuropathies is growing, particularly regarding the mechanism of insult of certain agents (medications and toxins) and of vitamin B12 deficiency. New developments in the quest for treatment for hereditary optic neuropathy, specifically Leber hereditary optic neuropathy, are being seen.

SUMMARY
Toxic-metabolic and hereditary optic neuropathies present in a similar fashion, with painless, progressive, bilateral visual loss with dyschromatopsia and cecocentral visual field defects. The associated retinal ganglion cell and axonal loss is typically due to mitochondrial dysfunction caused by an exogenous agent (toxic), by insufficient or deficient substrate (metabolic or nutritional), or by abnormal proteins or mitochondrial structure determined by a genetic mutation (hereditary).
Paraneoplastic Syndromes in Neuro-ophthalmology
Authors: Gordon Lynn , Dinkin Marc 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE OF REVIEW
This article discusses the varied types of paraneoplastic syndromes that commonly have neuro-ophthalmologic manifestations. Diagnostic considerations and therapeutic options for individual diseases are also discussed.

RECENT FINDINGS
Paraneoplastic syndromes can affect the afferent and efferent visual systems. Paraneoplastic syndromes may result in reduced visual acuity from retinal degeneration, alterations in melanocyte proliferation and uveal thickening, or acquired nystagmus. Ocular motor abnormalities related to paraneoplastic syndromes may present with symptoms from opsoclonus or from neuromuscular junction disease. Diagnosis remains challenging, but serologic identification of some specific antibodies may be helpful or confirmatory. Treatment, in addition to directed therapies against the underlying cancer, often requires systemic corticosteroids, plasma exchange, or immunosuppression, but some specific syndromes improve with use of targeted pharmacologic therapy.

SUMMARY
Diagnosis and therapy of paraneoplastic syndromes presenting with neuro-ophthalmic symptoms remain a challenge, but strategies are evolving and new approaches are on the horizon.
Nota Editorial
Authors: Leal Ricardo Pereira Câmara 
Published: October 2019

O Comitê de Política Editorial da Revista Brasileira de Finanças aprovou o aumento do número de fascículos anuais de 3 para 4 já em 2009. Sendo assim, tenho a satisfação de anunciar que a publicação do fascículo 3 do volume 7 (este
exemplar) foi antecipada de dezembro para setembro deste ano e que teremos um novo fascículo publicado em dezembro. O crescimento no número de artigos enviados e a qualidade dos artigos publicados permite este passo importante para a consolidação da RBFin. No início da revista, em 2003, publicávamos dois fascículos por ano, passamos a publicar 3 fascículos em 2008 e já chegamos a 4
fascículos anuais em 2009, realizando um dos objetivos iniciais da revista que era o de ser uma publicação trimestral quando se consolidasse. Agradeço o empenho de todos os que colaboram para que a RBFin tenha se tornado a revista representativa da área de finanças no Brasil.
Case Report: Cardiac arrest due to traumatic coronary artery dissection treated by extracorporeal membrane resuscitation
Authors: Tanaka Kumiko , Nakada Taka-aki , Kadohira Tadayuki , Oda Shigeto 
Published: October 2019

Traumatic coronary artery dissection, which is rare in blunt trauma, has high risk of acute myocardial infarction and cardiac arrest. A 44-year-old man who had a traffic accident was transferred to the emergency department with refractory ventricular fibrillation (VF). After conventional cardiopulmonary resuscitation, we introduced extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR) and obtained return of spontaneous circulation with ST-elevation electrocardiogram at V4-6. Subsequent coronary angiography and intravascular ultrasound supported by extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) revealed complete occlusions of left anterior descending and left circumflex artery due to dissections. Drug-eluting stents were placed with restorations of TIMI 2 flows. After ICU admission, his left ventricular function gradually recovered; he was successfully weaned from VA-ECMO on day 9. ECPR may be a valuable option to allow time and stable hemodynamic condition to treat the cause of cardiac arrest.
Randomized controlled trials in ophthalmology: a bibliometric study
Authors: AlRyalat Saif Aldeen , Abukahel Areen , Elubous Khaled Ali 
Published: October 2019

Background: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are situated at the top of hierarchy of evidence-based medicine, where its number and quality are important in the assessment of quality of evidence in a medical field. In this study, we aim to assess the status of RCTs in Ophthalmology. Methods: On 15th of May 2019, we performed a PubMed search for randomized controlled trials published in the field of ophthalmology using relevant filters and search terms. We categorized the results into specific topics in ophthalmology according to Medical Subject Heading (MeSH) database classification system. We used Altmetric explorer to identify journals and articles with the highest number of RCTs and highest citations. Results: We found a total of 540,427 publications in the field of ophthalmology, of which only 11,634 (2.15%) of them were RCTs. ‘Retinal diseases’ was the topic with the highest number of RCTs, followed by ‘glaucoma’ and ‘conjunctival diseases’. The trial with highest number of citations was on retinal diseases. Only around 18% of all ophthalmology RCTs are published in the top 10 ophthalmology journals, with a maximum percentage of RCTs was (5.53%) published in Ophthalmology. Conclusion: RCTs in ophthalmology primarily concern the retina, glaucoma, and a few other sub-topics, with little focus on sclera, orbit, and the eyelids. Most of the high impact RCTs are published in non-ophthalmology journals.
Sistem Klasifikasi Otomatis Volume Balok dengan Arduino
Authors: Ilmi Armina Syaiful , Muslihudin Muslihudin 
Published: October 2019

Penggunaan teknologi baru dan canggih menjadi pilihan dunia industri untuk meningkatkan efisiensi produksi baik dari segi kualitas, kuantitas maupun penghematan biaya. Proses otomasi sistem kendali industri tidak akan lepas dari penggunaan perangkat elektronik, seperti halnya pengunaan berbagai macam sensor dan komponen penting lainnya. Pada penelitian ini merancang prototipe konveyor yang memisahkan otomatis balok berdasarkan ukuran volume, bertujuan untuk penghematan tempat produksi kecil dan sumber daya manusia. Perancangan perangkat keras terdiri dari microcontroller Arduino Mega 2560 menjadi penyimpan logika perintah dalam sistem, sensor ultrasonic HC-SR04 sebagai sensor pengukur panjang, lebar dan tinggi barang, motor servo sebagai penyetop dan pemisah barang, liquid crystal display sebagai penampil informasi dan motor dc menjadi penggerak konveyor. Pengujian sistem ini menggunakan barang penelitian 3 balok dengan ukuran berbeda yaitu 315 cm3, 480 cm3 dan 525 cm3. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian menunjukkan klasifikasi volume balok dapat bekerja dengan baik, dengan tingkat rata-rata error 5,4 untuk volume ukuran 315 cm3; 3,2 untuk volume 480 cm3; dan 2,33 untuk volume 525 cm3 dan dengan standar deviasi sistem klasifikasi otomatis volume balok sebesar σ = 9,40.
A comparative study of socioeconomic status, perceived social support and psychological distress of mothers of children with and without disabilities
Authors: Alwhaibi Reem Mohammed , Zaidi Uzma , Alzeiby Ebtesam , Alhusaini Adel 
Published: October 2019

Background/AimsQuality of life has been defined as a measure of a person's physical wellbeing, psychological state, and social relationships. However, comparisons of psychological distress, socioeconomic status, and social support between mothers of children with and without disabilities have been limited, particularly in Saudi Arabia. The aim of this study is to comparatively evaluate the socioeconomic status, perceived social support, and psychological distress of mothers of children with and without disabilities.MethodsThe Socio-Demographic Information Form, the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, and the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales were completed by 200 mothers of children with cerebral palsy or Down's syndrome and 100 mothers of children without disabilities.ResultsWelch's test indicated significant differences between the two groups on the total Depression Anxiety Stress Scales and all its subscales (<0.01) and the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support Friends subscale (0.02).ConclusionsMothers of children with disabilities perceived high levels of overall social support, which might have reduced their psychological distress. It is recommended for rehabilitation centres to organise support groups for family members. It will also be beneficial for families of children with disabilities, if heath sector policy makers can review and develop effective socioeconomic policies to improve their standards of living.
Voxel-wise analysis of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose metabolism in correlation with variations in the presentation of Alzheimer’s disease: a clinician’s guide
Authors: Abdul Aziz Siti Aishah , Jia Ling Loh , Ahmad Saad Fathinul Fikri , Nordin Abdul Jalil , Ibrahim Normala , Nuruddin Arlina , Tunan Elinda , Rosalina  , Saripan M. Iqbal , Suppiah Subapriya 
Published: October 2019

BACKGROUND Diagnostic imaging can be applied in the management of Alzheimer’s disease as it provides structural and functional information to exclude possible secondary causes and offers additional information, especially in atypical cases of Alzheimer’s disease. The utility of positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) can help in the noninvasive diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease by voxel-wise quantification of cerebral 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) metabolism.
METHODS This prospective study was conducted among 10 subjects with Alzheimer’s disease and 10 healthy control subjects who underwent neuropsychological testing and 18F-FDG PET/CT scans. Images of the brain were postprocessed using voxel-wise analysis and segmented into 20 regions of interest. The standardized uptake value (SUV)max/SUVmean/standard deviation of SUVmean results were analyzed accordingly and correlated with the subjects’ Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA) results that were adjusted for age and education level.
RESULTS Hypometabolism at the right parietal lobe significantly correlated with increasing age and lower MoCA scores. Global hypometabolism was observed in subjects who had advanced Alzheimer’s disease but preserved primary somatosensory cortices (S1) region metabolism. Predominance of frontal lobe hypometabolism was a feature of subjects with Alzheimer’s disease having associated depressive symptoms.
CONCLUSIONS 18F-FDG PET/CT voxel-wise analysis can be used for quantitative assessment and can assist clinicians in the diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease and other variations of the disease spectrum.
A Cognitive Load Theory Simulation Design to Assess and Manage Deteriorating Patients
Authors: Say Richard , Visentin Denis , Betihavas Vasiliki , Minutillo Susannah 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundCognitive load theory (CLT) uses an understanding of brain architecture for educational design, with implications for simulation. Since working memory is limited, minimising extraneous cognitive load improves learning of new tasks (intrinsic load) and use of existing knowledge (germane load). This study evaluates the effectiveness of low-fidelity simulation (LFS) utilising CLT principles in the assessment and management of the deteriorating patient (AMDP).MethodCLT design principles informed the choice of LFS and simulation design. The self-rated ability of 13 undergraduate nurses across seven aspects of AMDP was measured in a pre-post design.ResultsSelf-rated ability increased from 2.98 (SD = 0.19) to 4.47 (SD = 0.12) (p < 0.001), with improvements across all AMDP aspects.ConclusionThis study indicates that CLT informed design has benefits for simulation. LFS may be preferred to high fidelity simulation for AMDP teaching and medical simulation for novice learners.
Umberto Eco’s semiotics of the text: Theoretical observations and an analysis of the parable of the banquet
Authors: Traini Stefano 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
In this article I have attempted to use Umberto Eco’s semiotics of the text in order to analyze the famous “parable of the banquet,” which has come down to us in three versions from the gospels of Luke (14,15–24), Matthew (22,1–14) and Thomas (logion 64). In particular I have tried to consider (i) the socio-cultural context, or in other words the Sitz im Leben of the community within which the parable was written; (ii) the narrative structure of the parable, with the narrative nodes that stimulate the reader to cooperate in the work of interpretation and to draw inferences; (iii) the way in which the Model Author is portrayed in the text; (iv) the kind of Model Reader who is prefigured in the parable. The analysis has shown how in the parable of the banquet, the original level (deriving directly from the preaching of Jesus) characterized by a salvationist and social slant is always overlaid with another level that is hortatory, pedagogical or ecclesiological, and which takes on different connotations according to the different contexts. Generally the Evangelists are suggesting to their communities that they make changes in their behavior ranging from renunciation of wealth to the resetting of social ties, from a stance of constant vigilance to the practice of an active faith, from healthy detachment from worldly frivolity to a rigorous asceticism. Thus the editorial layers reveal differing narrative nodes in function of particular interpretative responses, different Model Authors and different Model Readers.
Dietary Interventions for Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Meta-analysis
Authors: Fraguas David , Díaz-Caneja Covadonga M. , Pina-Camacho Laura , Moreno Carmen , Durán-Cutilla Manuel , Ayora Miriam , González-Vioque Emiliano , de Matteis Mario , Hendren Robert L. , Arango Celso , Parellada Mara 
Published: October 2019

CONTEXT:
Dietary interventions such as restrictive diets or supplements are common treatments for young people with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Evidence for the efficacy of these interventions is still controversial.

OBJECTIVE:
To assess the efficacy of specific dietary interventions on symptoms, functions, and clinical domains in subjects with ASD by using a meta-analytic approach.

DATA SOURCES:
Ovid Medline, PsycINFO, Embase databases.

STUDY SELECTION:
We selected placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomized clinical trials assessing the efficacy of dietary interventions in ASD published from database inception through September 2017.

DATA EXTRACTION:
Outcome variables were subsumed under 4 clinical domains and 17 symptoms and/or functions groups. Hedges’ adjusted g values were used as estimates of the effect size of each dietary intervention relative to placebo.

RESULTS:
In this meta-analysis, we examined 27 double-blind, randomized clinical trials, including 1028 patients with ASD: 542 in the intervention arms and 486 in the placebo arms. Participant-weighted average age was 7.1 years. Participant-weighted average intervention duration was 10.6 weeks. Dietary supplementation (including omega-3, vitamin supplementation, and/or other supplementation), omega-3 supplementation, and vitamin supplementation were more efficacious than the placebo at improving several symptoms, functions, and clinical domains. Effect sizes were small (mean Hedges’ g for significant analyses was 0.31), with low statistical heterogeneity and low risk of publication bias.

LIMITATIONS:
Methodologic heterogeneity among the studies in terms of the intervention, clinical measures and outcomes, and sample characteristics.

CONCLUSIONS:
This meta-analysis does not support nonspecific dietary interventions as treatment of ASD but suggests a potential role for some specific dietary interventions in the management of some symptoms, functions, and clinical domains in patients with ASD.