bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Correlation Between Corneal Biomechanical Indices and the Severity of Keratoconus
Authors: Koh Shizuka , Inoue Ryota , Ambrósio Renato , Maeda Naoyuki , Miki Atsuya , Nishida Kohji 
Published: September 2019

Purpose:
To investigate the correlations between the biomechanical indices determined in Scheimpflug-based corneal biomechanical assessments and the severity of keratoconus (KC) based on corneal tomographic assessments in patients with different stages of KC.

Methods:
Fifty-three patients who presented with clinical KC in 1 eye and KC suspect in the fellow eye were included. Corneal tomographic and biomechanical assessments were performed using the Pentacam HR and Corvis ST (Oculus Optikgeräte GmbH, Wetzlar, Germany). Correlations between the tomographic indices and biomechanical indices were assessed, including the anterior radius of curvature (ARC) and posterior radius of curvature (PRC) at a 3.0-mm optical zone and the thinnest pachymetry (Tmin), deformation amplitude ratio max 2 mm (DAR2mm), integrated radius, stiffness parameter at the first applanation, and linear Corvis Biomechanical Index (beta).

Results:
DAR2mm correlated negatively with ARC (R = −0.722), PRC (R = −0.677), and Tmin (R= −0.650) (P < 0.001 for all). Integrated radius correlated negatively with ARC (R = −0.700), PRC (R = −0.668), and Tmin (R= −0.648) (P < 0.001 for all). Stiffness parameter at the first applanation correlated positively with ARC (R = 0.622), PRC (R = 0.601), and Tmin (R = 0.703) (P < 0.001 for all). The Corvis Biomechanical Index beta correlated negatively with ARC (R = −0.754), PRC (R = −0.755), and Tmin (R= −0.765) (P < 0.001 for all).

Conclusions:
Corneal biomechanical indices correlated with corneal tomographic parameters in patients with KC. These findings support the possibility of developing biomechanical-based staging classification for KC in combination with topographic or tomographic indices.
“Moments of Failure”: Coping With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Sleep Deprivation, and Being Overweight
Authors: Zwennes Cinderella T. C. , Loth Christien A. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Background
People living with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) often have to cope with additional comorbid disorders. In daily practice, practitioners observe that ADHD not only causes a decline in participants' quality of life, but the presence of sleep and eating disorders also has an impact on daily functioning. The aims of this study are to give meaning to the experiences of participants who are living with ADHD and sleep deprivation and are overweight and to provide additional knowledge and data that will inform integrated treatment in the long term. The following research questions were formulated:

Method
A qualitative design based on a Parse research method provided the best research framework to answer our questions. The method aims for data saturation, employing six steps in which data collection alternates with data analysis. This iterative process with double hermeneutics enlarges participants' perspectives on their experiences.

Results
Participants' daily life is continuously influenced by their experiences with (binge) eating, irregular sleeping patterns, and loss of emotional control. These complex phenomena are often caused by their ADHD, because of underdeveloped coping skills. An everyday struggle with life and difficulty making choices are the leading themes in participant narratives. Continuous feelings of failure, referred to in this report as everyday “failure moments,” cause negative self-esteem and negative body image. According to participants, standardized care should include opportunities for participants to tell their life stories as well as an individualized analysis of how ADHD core symptoms affect daily decision making, taking into account sleeping and eating patterns.

Conclusion
The experience of failure moments, the struggle with making choices, and negative self-esteem and body image all develop in a different way for each participant. When professionals treat participants by solely focusing on the core symptoms using a one-dimensional cognitive behavioral approach, they may overlook underlying (biological) interactions.
Internet Addiction, Cyberbullying, and Victimization Relationship in Adolescents
Authors: Şimşek Nuray , Şahin Derya , Evli Mahmut 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The study is a descriptive and relational study carried out with an aim to analyze the effects of Internet use and Internet addiction on cyber victimization and cyberbullying among adolescents.
The universe of the study consists of the students (N = 3,978) studying at high schools in a city center located in the Black Sea Region. The students were determined by a stratified and simple random sampling method, whereas the sample of the study included 2,422 voluntary high school students. The data were collected through the Adolescent Information Form, Internet Addiction Scale, and Cyber Victim and Bullying Scale. In the analysis of the data, descriptive statistics such as number, percentage, average, and standard deviation were used, whereas independent samples t test, one-way analysis of variance, and correlation coefficients were used to compare the groups. The predictive effects of independent variables on cyber victimization and cyberbullying were investigated with multiple linear regression analysis. The average age of the adolescents participating in the study is 16.23 ± 1.11 years. The mean scores were calculated as 25.59 ± 15.88 for Internet addiction, 29.47 ± 12.65 for cyber victimization, and 28.58 ± 12.01 for cyberbullying. In our study, it was found that the Internet addiction, cyber victimization, and cyberbullying scores of the adolescents were low, but cyber victimization and cyberbullying were related to Internet usage characteristics and Internet addiction. Internet usage characteristics, cyber victimization, and bullying prevalence and relational studies should be done in adolescents. It is recommended to raise awareness of the harmful use of the Internet to families.
“Debt on Me Head”
Authors: James Philip David , Comiskey Catherine , Smyth Bobby P. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Background
Cannabis is the most commonly used illicit drug in most western countries. In Ireland, it now accounts for most new presentations to substance use treatment services. Cannabis use for most of these people commenced during adolescence. Although a significant amount of research has been conducted on the effects of cannabis on physical and mental health, less is known about the experiences of young cannabis users.

Objective
The aim of this study was to understand more about the experience of young, treatment-seeking, cannabis users.

Methods
This descriptive qualitative study interviewed eight adolescents who were attending outpatient treatment services for cannabis misuse in Dublin, Ireland. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis.

Results
Six themes were identified incorporating the early onset of cannabis and heavy use, involvement in criminality including drug dealing to pay for cannabis, ambivalence, experience of treatment, and damage to relationships. These themes are discussed in light of emerging literature.

Conclusion
Young cannabis users in treatment can clearly identify many negative aspects of their cannabis use but are particularly ambivalent toward cannabis. Reluctance to aim for abstinence is common.
Development and Implementation of a Surgical Quality Improvement Pathway for Pediatric Intussusception Patients
Authors: Chalphin Alexander V. , Serres Stephanie K. , Micalizzi Rosella A. , Dawson Michele , Phinney Caitlin , Hrycko Angelique , Martin-Quashie Ariel , Pepin Michael J. , Smithers Charles J. , Rangel Shawn J. , Chen Catherine 
Published: September 2019

Background:
Children with intussusception can be admitted or discharged from the emergency department (ED) following enema reduction, but little is known about best practices for surgical follow-up and the need for a return to care.

Methods:
We developed a standardized clinical assessment and management plan (SCAMP) for ileocolic intussusception to enable the discharge from the ED of successfully reduced patients meeting certain criteria with 2 planned follow-up phone calls by surgical personnel after discharge. Outcomes included incidence of complications in discharged patients, bacteremia, the success of follow-up phone calls, rates of recurrent intussusception, and return to care.

Results:
Of the 118 patient encounters treated through the SCAMP in 2 pilot studies from February 2013 to December 2017, 76% met discharge criteria, of whom 88% underwent outpatient management. There were no instances of bowel perforation, necrosis, or death in the discharged group. No patients developed bacteremia despite withholding antibiotics for the indication of intussusception. Sixty-two percent and 59% of patients received 24-hour follow-up phone calls, and 28% and 55% of patients received second follow-up phone calls in pilots 1 and 2, respectively. Of those successfully discharged, 74% did not return to care, 19% returned for recurrent intussusception, and 7% returned for unrelated symptoms. Nearly all patients who returned to care did so through the ED and not the clinic.

Conclusions:
Implementation of the SCAMP demonstrated that patients meeting certain criteria could be safely discharged from the ED, avoid antibiotics, and safely undergo phone-based follow-up for concerns of recurrent intussusception.
Pediatric Inpatient Antimicrobial Stewardship Program Safely Reduces Antibiotic Use in Patients with Bronchiolitis Caused by Respiratory Syncytial Virus: A Retrospective Chart Review
Authors: Kalil Jennifer , Bowes Jennifer , Reddy Deepti , Barrowman Nick , Le Saux Nicole 
Published: September 2019

Introduction:
Bronchiolitis is a common lower respiratory tract illness in young children often caused by the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). Antimicrobials are not recommended in infants with bronchiolitis unless there is strong evidence that a bacterial coinfection exists.

Methods:
We conducted a retrospective chart review comparing antimicrobial use and outcomes in previously healthy infants ≤24 months of age with RSV bronchiolitis at a single Canadian tertiary pediatric hospital during RSV seasons (December–April) from 2011 to 2016. An audit and feedback antimicrobial stewardship program was introduced in this hospital in August 2014.

Results:
Compared with the 2011–2012 cohort, the 2015–2016 cohort showed a decrease of 46% in mean days of therapy per 1,000 patient-days in the >28 days old age group of patients. There was also a 15.1% absolute reduction in the proportion of patients who received any antimicrobials in the hospital between the 2 cohorts (neonates included). The proportion of patients receiving antimicrobial prescriptions at discharge also decreased from 33.5% to 19%. The use of second-generation cephalosporins was eliminated in the 2016 cohort. There was a significant decrease in length of stay between the 2011–2012 and 2015–2016 cohorts, and no readmissions were documented.

Conclusions:
This study adds to the accumulating literature that antimicrobial stewardship program interventions along with guidelines and order sets can safely contribute to a reduction in antimicrobial use both in hospital and at discharge in children <2 years of age hospitalized due to RSV. Further research in identifying those who would or would not benefit from antibiotics should be promoted.
Impaired Mobility and Urinary Incontinence in Nursing Home Residents
Authors: Jachan Deborah Elisabeth , Müller-Werdan Ursula , Lahmann Nils Axel 
Published: September 2019

PURPOSE:
The purpose of this study was to evaluate associations among use of walking aids, mobility status, and occurrence of urinary incontinence (UI) in geriatric patients residing in nursing homes, and to examine associations between UI severity (frequency and amount) and its impact on health-related quality of life (QoL).

DESIGN:
Multicenter descriptive cross-sectional prevalence study.

SUBJECTS AND SETTING:
A total of 2044 patients from nursing homes were included in the study. A majority were female (72.0%), the mean age of participants was 82.1 years (SD 11.2), their mean body mass index was 26.1 (SD 5.4), and their mean Care Dependency Scale score was 46.0 (SD 18.2), indicating a medium to high care dependency. The study setting was 30 nursing homes throughout Germany from 2014 to 2015.

METHODS:
Data were collected by trained nurses using a standardized data collection form to collect information about demographic characteristics, health conditions, mobility status measured according to the Elderly Mobility Scale (EMS), UI, and QoL measured using the International Consultation of Incontinence Questionnaire Short Form (ICIQ-SF).

RESULTS:
The prevalence of UI was 69.7% (n = 1804). Analysis of variance showed that, in 1659 nursing home residents with information on UI, 572 reported a medium amount of leakage with a mean impact on health-related QoL of 2.2 (SD 2.2, P < .001) on a scale from 0 (no impact) to 10 (very high impact). The mean of the impact on QoL in 235 residents who reported a large amount of leakage was 2.4 (SD 3.0, P < .001). In 1741 residents with information on the frequency of UI, 637 reported being urinary incontinent more than once a day with a mean impact on QoL of 2.2 (SD 2.1, P < .001) and 359 residents with permanent UI stated a mean impact on QoL of 2.1 (SD 2.8, P < .001). According to the bivariate association of UI with use of walking aids, the highest prevalence of UI (61.2%) was in patients who did not use any walking aids. The Chi-square Automatic Interaction Detector (CHAID) of the relationship between mobility according to the EMS and UI indicated that 71.1% of all patients with UI did not use any walking aids, although their mobility status had been reduced.

CONCLUSIONS:
Findings indicate a significant association between impaired mobility and UI in nursing home residents. Chronic, severe urinary incontinence exerted the greatest impact on health-related QoL. Therefore, we recommend measures to preserve or regain mobility to minimize or prevent UI in geriatric residents and patients and, thus, increase their health-related QoL.
Nested Bloch waves in elastic structures with configurational forces
Authors: Dal Corso F. , Tallarico D. , Movchan N. V. , Movchan A. B. , Bigoni D. 
Published: September 2019

Small axial and flexural oscillations are analysed for a periodic and infinite structure, constrained by sliding sleeves and composed of elastic beams. A nested Bloch–Floquet technique is introduced to treat the nonlinear coupling between longitudinal and transverse displacements induced by the configurational forces generated at the sliding sleeve ends. The action of configurational forces is shown to play an important role from two perspectives. First, the band gap structure for purely longitudinal vibration is broken so that axial propagation may occur at frequencies that are forbidden in the absence of a transverse oscillation and, second, a flexural oscillation may induce axial resonance, a situation in which the longitudinal vibrations tend to become unbounded. The presented results disclose the possibility of exploiting configurational forces in the design of mechanical devices towards longitudinal actuation from flexural vibrations of small amplitude at given frequency.
This article is part of the theme issue ‘Modelling of dynamic phenomena and localization in structured media (part 1)’.
Numerical factorization of a matrix-function with exponential factors in an anti-plane problem for a crack with process zone
Authors: Livasov P. , Mishuris G. 
Published: September 2019

In this paper, we consider an interface mode III crack with a process zone located in front of the fracture tip. The zone is described by imperfect transmission conditions. After application of the Fourier transform, the original problem is reduced to a vectorial Wiener–Hopf equation whose kernel contains oscillatory factors. We perform the factorization numerically using an iterative algorithm and discuss convergence of the method depending on the problem parameters. In the analysis of the solution, special attention is paid to its behaviour near both ends of the process zone. Qualitative analysis was performed to determine admissible values of the process zone's length for which equilibrium cracks exist.This article is part of the theme issue ‘Modelling of dynamic phenomena and localization in structured media (part 1)’.
Fucosyltransferase 4 shapes oncogenic glycoproteome to drive metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Lu Hsuan-Hsuan , Lin Shu-Yung , Weng Rueyhung Roc , Juan Yi-Hsiu , Chen Yen-Wei , Hou Hsin-Han , Hung Zheng-Ci , Oswita Giovanni Audrey , Huang Yi-Jhen , Shih Jin-Yuan , Yu Chong-Jen , Tsai Hsing-Chen 
Published: September 2019

AbstractAberrant fucosylation plays a critical role in lung cancer progression. Identification of the key fucosyltransferase as a therapeutic target may refine lung cancer management. Here, we identified a terminal α1,3-fucosyltransferase, FUT4, as the key prognostic predictor for lung adenocarcinoma through transcriptomic screens in lung cancer cohorts. Overexpression of FUT4 promotes lung cancer invasion, migration and cell adhesion in vitro and provokes distant metastases in mouse xenograft models. RNA-seq and glycoproteomics analyses revealed that FUT4 mediates aberrant fucosylation of intracellular transport and signal transduction proteins, which facilitates concurrent transcriptional activation of multiple cellular processes, including membrane trafficking, cell cycle, and major oncogenic signaling pathways. Notably, knockdown of FUT4 markedly curtailed lung colonization and distant metastases of lung cancer cells in mouse xenograft models. In addition, the metastatic phenotype provoked by FUT4-mediated fucosylproteomic networks can be diminished by targeted pathway inhibitors. Collectively, FUT4 represents a promising therapeutic target in lung cancer metastasis. Our data highlight the potentials for integration of glycomics into precision medicine-based therapeutics.
Single cell transcriptomics identifies a unique adipocyte population that regulates bone marrow environment
Authors: Zhong Leilei , Yao Lutian , Tower Robert J. , Wei Yulong , Miao Zhen , Park Jihwan , Shrestha Rojesh , Wang Luqiang , Yu Wei , Holdreith Nicholas , Zhang Yejia , Tong Wei , Gong Yanqing , Long Fanxin , Ahn Jaimo , Seale Patrick , Susztak Katalin , Li Mingyao , Chen Chider , Qin Ling 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBone marrow mesenchymal lineage cells are a heterogeneous cell population involved in bone homeostasis and diseases such as osteoporosis. While it is long postulated that they originate from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), the true identity of MSCs and their in vivo bifurcated differentiation routes into osteoblasts and adipocytes remain poorly understood. Here, by employing single cell transcriptome analysis, we identified MSCs and delineated their bi-lineage differentiation paths in young, adult and aging mice. Among several newly discovered mesenchymal subpopulations, one is a distinct population of adipose-lineage cells that we named marrow environment regulating adipose cells (MERAs). MERAs are non-proliferative, post-progenitor cells that express many mature adipocyte markers but are devoid of lipid droplets. They are abundant in the bone marrow of young mice, acting as pericytes and stromal cells that form numerous connections among themselves and with other cells inside bone, including endothelial cells. Genetic ablation of MERAs disrupts marrow vessel structure, promotes de novo bone formation. Taken together, MERAs represent a unique population of adipose lineage cells that exist only in the bone marrow with critical roles in regulating bone and vessel homeostasis.
Investigations of the Underlying Mechanisms of HIF-1α and CITED2 Binding to TAZ1
Authors: Chu Wen-Ting , Chu Xiakun , Wang Jin 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe TAZ1 domain of CREB binding protein is crucial for transcriptional regulation and recognizes multiple targets. The interactions between TAZ1 and its specific targets are related to the cellular hypoxic negative feedback regulation. Previous experiments reported that one of the TAZ1 targets CITED2 is an efficient competitor of another target HIF-1α. Here by developing the structure-based models of TAZ1 complexes we have uncovered the underlying mechanisms of the competitions between HIF-1α and CITED2 binding to TAZ1. Our results are consistent with the experimental hypothesis on the competition mechanisms and the apparent affinity. In addition, the simulations prove the dominant position of forming TAZ1-CITED2 complex in both thermodynamics and kinetics. For thermodynamics, TAZ1-CITED2 is the lowest basin located on the free energy surface of binding in the ternary system. For kinetics, the results suggest that CITED2 binds to TAZ1 faster than HIF-1α. Besides, the analysis of contact map and ϕ values in this study will be helpful for further experiments on TAZ1 systems.
Environmental cost analysis and reporting to measure environmental performance in realizing eco-efficiency at PT Industri Kereta Api (Persero)
Authors: Basuki Basuki , Irwanda Riasty Dewi 
Published: September 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to simulate the environmental cost reports preparation used to measure environmental performance in realizing eco-efficiency.

Design/methodology/approach
This research uses a descriptive case study by using environmental cost detail data from 2011, 2012, 2013 and 2014. The research object is PT Industri Kereta Api (Persero) located in Madiun, East Java.

Findings
The result of the research shows that PT INKA (Persero) has not specifically made environmental cost report. It is found that the percentage of total environmental cost to operational cost tends to increase; the cost which gives the biggest distribution of total environmental cost is the prevention cost. By 2014, the effect of environmental costs on operating costs tended to decrease and during 2012–2014 PT INKA successfully maintained the blue star PROPER and the absence of environmental pollution reports.

Originality/value
PT INKA’s environmental performance is still well controlled and since its inception in 2014 PT INKA has succeeded in realizing the concept of eco-efficiency.