bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An Exploration of the Determinants of Gestational Weight Gain in African American Women: Genetic Factors and Energy Expenditure
Authors: Meng Ying , Groth Susan W. , Stewart Patricia , Smith Joyce A. 
Published: February 2018

Background: Excessive gestational weight gain (GWG) has a long-term impact on women’s body weight and contributes to the development of obesity in the mother and her child. Many risk factors for GWG have been identified, but to date, only 6–33.8% of the variance in GWG has been explained. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the overall variance of GWG that can be explained by including weight-adjusted resting metabolic rate (aRMR) and a genetic risk score constructed on obesity-related genes in addition to sociodemographic and lifestyle factors. Methods: In this observational study involving 55 African American women, data collected/measured during pregnancy included sociodemographic factors, medical information, lifestyle factors, aRMR, and seven obesity-related genes. Multivariable linear regression was performed to evaluate the variance in GWG explained by the potential risk factors listed above. Results: The mean GWG was 15 kg (±7.5 kg), and 63.6% of women gained more than the Institute of Medicine’s GWG recommendations. The final regression model explained 53.3% of the variance in GWG. Higher genetic risk score, lower aRMR, and higher dietary intake of total energy and percentage of fat were significantly associated with increased GWG ( p < .05). These factors explained 18% additional variance in GWG over that explained by significant sociodemographic and lifestyle factors in the analysis (i.e., maternal age, prepregnancy body mass index, parity, illegal drug use, and education). Conclusion: Overall, our results indicate that the genetic risk score, aRMR, and dietary intake have a substantial impact on GWG in African American women.
Pilot Study of Metabolomics and Psychoneurological Symptoms in Women With Early Stage Breast Cancer
Authors: Lyon Debra E. , Starkweather Angela , Yao Yingwei , Garrett Timothy , Kelly Debra Lynch , Menzies Victoria , Dereziński Paweł , Datta Susmita , Kumar Sreelakshmy , Jackson-Cook Colleen 
Published: February 2018

Many women with breast cancer experience symptoms of pain, fatigue, and depression, collectively known as psychoneurologic (PN) symptoms, during and after chemotherapy treatment. Evidence that inflammatory dysfunction related to cancer and its treatments contributes to the development and persistence of PN symptoms through several interrelated pathways is accumulating. However, a major limiting factor in more precisely identifying the biological mechanisms underlying these symptoms is the lack of biological measures that represent a holistic spectrum of biological responses. Metabolomics allows for examination of multiple, co-occurring metabolic pathways and provides a systems-level perspective on biological mechanisms that may contribute to PN symptoms. Methods: In this pilot study, we performed serum metabolome analysis using liquid chromatography high-resolution mass spectrometry of global and targeted metabolomics from the tryptophan pathway from archived samples from 19 women with early-stage breast cancer. We used paired t tests to compare metabolite concentrations and Pearson’s correlation coefficients to examine concomitant changes in metabolite concentrations and PN symptoms before and after chemotherapy. Results: Levels of pain, fatigue, and depression increased after chemotherapy. Compared with pre-chemotherapy, global metabolites post-chemotherapy were characterized by higher concentrations of acetyl-l-alanine and indoxyl sulfate and lower levels of 5-oxo-l-proline. Targeted analysis indicated significantly higher kynurenine levels and kynurenine/tryptophan ratios post-chemotherapy. Symptoms of pain and fatigue had strong associations with multiple global and several targeted metabolites. Conclusion: Results demonstrated that metabolomics may be useful for elucidating biological mechanisms associated with the development and severity of PN symptoms, specifically pain and fatigue, in women with early-stage breast cancer.
Is It the Age at Disease Onset or the Disease Radiological Severity That Affects Cervical Spine Involvement in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis?
Authors: Abozaid Hanan Sayed M , El-din Hassan Reham Alaa , Elmadany Waleed A , Ismail Mohamed Aly , Elgendy Dalia S , Elsayed Sahar A , Gamal Rania M , Daifallah Osama S , Abu Alfadl Esam M 
Published: February 2018

Background: Cervical spine involvement in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) can cause pain and disability, with a variety of neurologic signs and symptoms. Objectives: To investigate the relationship between structural cervical spine involvement in patients with RA with the age at disease onset and the degree of radiologic severity of RA measured by Larsen scoring. Patients and methods: This cross-sectional study included 50 adult patients with RA. Patients who complained or not complained from symptoms of cervical spine involvement in RA were included; we did X-ray of the cervical spine, hands, and feet; Larsen scoring method; disease activity score (DAS28); and Neck Disability Index. Results: The results revealed that patients with cervical involvement tend to be younger at their disease onset than those with no cervical involvement, as detected by cervical X-ray. The relation was significant P < .05 regarding all cervical involvements except for basilar invagination. Disease radiological severity (measured by Larsen score) significantly increases the risk for subaxial subluxation, P = .040. All other cervical complications of RA tend to have nonsignificant relation with disease severity. Using univariate binary regression analysis for risk factors for cervical involvement showed that the only probable risk factor for cervical involvement (detected by X-ray) in patients with RA is age at disease onset. Conclusions: The early age at disease onset tends to affect cervical spine involvement in patients with RA more than the disease radiological severity.
Psychological Safety Climate as a Human Resource Development Target: Effects on Workers Functioning Through Need Satisfaction and Thwarting
Authors: Huyghebaert Tiphaine , Gillet Nicolas , Lahiani Fadi-Joseph , Dubois-Fleury Amandine , Fouquereau Evelyne 
Published: February 2018

The Problem This article seeks to identify a new lever to act on employee burnout, work–family conflict (WFC), affective commitment to the organization (ACO), and work engagement. It examines whether psychosocial safety climate (PSC) can affect these outcomes. Furthermore, this empirical article addresses the psychological mechanisms that could explain such effects, and explores the mediating role of need satisfaction and need thwarting in these relationships. The Solution We conducted a study to examine whether need satisfaction and thwarting mediated the effects of PSC on burnout, WFC, ACO, and work engagement. Results from structural equation modeling revealed that the effects of PSC on employee adaptive and maladaptive functioning were partially mediated by psychological need satisfaction and thwarting, respectively. The Stakeholders Implications for human resource development (HRD) are offered, including recommendations to promote PSC and foster need satisfaction, while preventing experiences conducive to need thwarting.
LVIS Jr. stent for treatment of intracranial aneurysms with parent vessel diameter of 2.5 mm or less
Authors: Santillan Alejandro , Boddu Srikanth , Schwarz Justin , Lin Ning , Gobin Y Pierre , Knopman Jared , Patsalides Athos 
Published: February 2018

Background and purpose This retrospective study evaluates the safety, effectiveness, and long-term clinical and angiographic follow-up of intracranial aneurysms treated with the Low-Profile Visualized Intraluminal Support Junior (LVIS Jr.) stent and parent vessels of diameter equal to or less than 2.5 mm. Materials and methods We included all patients treated with the LVIS Jr. stent in aneurysms with small parent vessel diameter between March 2015 and July 2017. Periprocedural adverse events, immediate aneurysm occlusion rates, and clinical and angiographic follow-up are reported. Results A total of 35 patients with 35 aneurysms were included. Ten aneurysms were ruptured (28.6%) and 25 were unruptured (71.4%). The parent arteries measured 0.9 mm to 2.5 mm in diameter (mean, 2.2 mm). Intra-procedural thromboembolic complications occurred in four patients (11.4%) and there was an intraoperative aneurysm rupture in one patient (2.8%). Immediate complete aneurysm occlusion was noted in 21 out of 35 patients (60%). Clinical follow-up ranged between one and 25 months (mean, 10.5 months) and magnetic resonance angiography follow-up ranged between four and 24 months (mean, 10.4 months). Complete aneurysm occlusion was achieved in 21 out of 29 patients (72.4%) at last angiographic follow-up (mean, 9.4 months; range four to 23 months). In-stent stenosis occurred in one out of 29 patients (3.4%), who was asymptomatic. Of the four patients with in-stent thrombosis, three patients were treated with “Y configuration” (two patients with middle cerebral artery aneurysms and one patient with an anterior communicating artery aneurysm). Mortality rate was 0%. Neurological morbidity was 2.9%. Conclusions Stenting with the LVIS Jr. stent allowed us to treat complex intracranial aneurysms with parent vessel diameter of 2.5 mm or less with an acceptable safety profile.
Low catalase expression confers redox hypersensitivity and identifies an indolent clinical behavior in CLL
Authors: Cavallini Chiara , Chignola Roberto , Dando Ilaria , Perbellini Omar , Mimiola Elda , Lovato Ornella , Laudanna Carlo , Pizzolo Giovanni , Donadelli Massimo , Scupoli Maria Teresa 
Published: February 2018

Key PointsLow catalase expression confers hypersensitivity to external redox cues. Differential redox profiles are associated with divergent clinical behaviors in CLL.
Determinants of hematology-oncology trainees' postfellowship career pathways with a focus on nonmalignant hematology
Authors: Marshall Ariela L. , Jenkins Sarah , Mikhael Joseph , Gitlin Scott D. 
Published: February 2018

Key Points
Hematology-oncology fellowship graduates spend a relatively small proportion of their time practicing nonmalignant hematology. Factors that may increase interest in nonmalignant hematology include better access to mentors and improved opportunities for career growth.
Targeted next-generation sequencing in blast phase myeloproliferative neoplasms
Authors: Lasho Terra L. , Mudireddy Mythri , Finke Christy M. , Hanson Curtis A. , Ketterling Rhett P. , Szuber Natasha , Begna Kebede H. , Patnaik Mrinal M. , Gangat Naseema , Pardanani Animesh , Tefferi Ayalew 
Published: February 2018

Key Points
Mutation patterns in blast phase MPN, including paired sample analysis, point to specific mutations with potential pathogenetic relevance. RUNX1 mutations predict inferior survival in blast phase MPN, independent of specific treatment strategies.
Correction to: A holistic view of cancer bioenergetics: mitochondrial function and respiration play fundamental roles in the development and progression of diverse tumors
Authors: Alam Md Maksudul , Lal Sneha , FitzGerald Keely E. , Zhang Li 
Published: February 2018

AbstractIn this Correction, the authors would like to acknowledge that the original publication of the article “A holistic view of cancer bioenergetics: mitochondrial function and respiration play fundamental roles in the development and progression of diverse tumors” [1] was supported by CPRIT (Cancer Prevention & Research Institute of Texas) Grant RP160617.
Genomic Alterations and Complex Subclonal Architecture in Sporadic GH-Secreting Pituitary Adenomas
Authors: Hage Mirella , Viengchareun Say , Brunet Erika , Villa Chiara , Pineau Dominique , Bouligand Jérôme , Teglas Jean-Paul , Adam Clovis , Parker Fabrice , Lombès Marc , Tachdjian Gérard , Gaillard Stéphane , Chanson Philippe , Tosca Lucie , Kamenický Peter 
Published: February 2018

Abstract

Purpose
The molecular pathogenesis of growth hormone-secreting pituitary adenomas is not fully understood. Cytogenetic alterations might serve as alternative driver events in GNAS mutation–negative somatotroph tumors.

Experimental Design
We performed cytogenetic profiling of pituitary adenomas obtained from 39 patients with acromegaly and four patients with sporadic gigantism by using array comparative genomic hybridization analysis. We explored intratumor DNA copy-number heterogeneity in two tumor samples by using DNA fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH).

Results
Based on copy-number profiles, we found two groups of adenomas: a low–copy-number alteration (CNA) group (&lt;12% of genomic disruption, 63% of tumors) and a high-CNA group (24% to 45% of genomic disruption, 37% of tumors). Arm-level CNAs were the most common abnormalities. GNAS mutation–positive adenomas belonged exclusively to the low-CNA group, whereas a subgroup of GNAS mutation–negative adenomas had a high degree of genomic disruption. We detected chromothripsis-related CNA profiles in two adenoma samples from an AIP mutation–positive patient with acromegaly and a patient with sporadic gigantism. RNA sequencing of these two samples identified 17 fusion transcripts, most of which resulted from chromothripsis-related chromosomal rearrangements. DNA FISH analysis of these samples demonstrated a subclonal architecture with up to six distinct cell populations in each tumor.

Conclusion
Somatotroph pituitary adenomas display substantial intertumor and intratumor DNA copy-number heterogeneity, as revealed by variable CNA profiles and complex subclonal architecture. The extensive cytogenetic burden in a subgroup of GNAS mutation–negative somatotroph adenomas points to an alternative tumorigenic pathway linked to genomic instability.
Insight into Structural Demand for Cold Crystallization of a Small Molecule. A Case Study for Schiff Base Compounds that Exhibit Prototropic Tautomerization
Authors: Iwase Katsunori , Toyama Yasuhiro , Yoshikawa Isao , Yamamura Yasuhisa , Saito Kazuya , Houjou Hirohiko 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
To elucidate the relationship between prototropic tautomerism and the cold crystallization phenomenon, o-hydroxy aryl Schiff base compounds derived from three different toluidine isomers were examined. Comparing their thermal behavior, we confirmed that cold crystallization occurred to give a different crystalline phase compared to the initial state. To elucidate the mechanisms of the cold crystallization of the materials, their thermal, structural, and energetic properties were investigated. The DFT calculation of the molecules in their OH- and NH-forms suggested that the NH-form has higher molecular flexibility, which may prevent normal crystallization upon cooling, compared to the OH-form. Spectroscopic analyses implied that the molecules are present as a mixture of the OH- and NH-forms, and that they efficiently crystallize when a preferable OH/NH ratio is achieved. For this molecular system, we concluded that the equilibrium between NH- and OH-forms controls the supercooling of the liquid as well as nucleation and crystal growth.
Human CCL3L1 copy number variation, gene expression, and the role of the CCL3L1-CCR5 axis in lung function
Authors: Adewoye Adeolu B. , Shrine Nick , Odenthal-Hesse Linda , Welsh Samantha , Malarstig Anders , Jelinsky Scott , Kilty Iain , Tobin Martin D. , Hollox Edward J. , Wain Louise V. 
Published: February 2018

Background: The CCL3L1-CCR5 signaling axis is important in a number of inflammatory responses, including macrophage function, and T-cell-dependent immune responses. Small molecule CCR5 antagonists exist, including the approved antiretroviral drug maraviroc, and therapeutic monoclonal antibodies are in development. Repositioning of drugs and targets into new disease areas can accelerate the availability of new therapies and substantially reduce costs. As it has been shown that drug targets with genetic evidence supporting their involvement in the disease are more likely to be successful in clinical development, using genetic association studies to identify new target repurposing opportunities could be fruitful. Here we investigate the potential of perturbation of the CCL3L1-CCR5 axis as treatment for respiratory disease. Europeans typically carry between 0 and 5 copies of CCL3L1 and this multi-allelic variation is not detected by widely used genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphism studies. Methods: We directly measured the complex structural variation of CCL3L1 using the Paralogue Ratio Test and imputed (with validation) CCR5del32 genotypes in 5,000 individuals from UK Biobank, selected from the extremes of the lung function distribution, and analysed DNA and RNAseq data for CCL3L1 from the 1000 Genomes Project. Results: We confirmed the gene dosage effect of CCL3L1 copy number on CCL3L1 mRNA expression levels. We found no evidence for association of CCL3L1 copy number or CCR5del32 genotype with lung function. Conclusions: These results suggest that repositioning CCR5 antagonists is unlikely to be successful for the treatment of airflow obstruction.
RECURRENT DISLOCATION OF THE SHOULDER
Authors: Adams J. Crawford 
Published: February 2018

A review of the pathology, mechanism, and operative treatment of recurrent dislocation of the shoulder, based on an analysis of 180 cases, with 159 operations, is presented. From this analysis the following conclusions have been made and appear to be substantiated: 1. The pathology comprises two important elements: (a) anterior detachment of the glenoid labrum from the bone margin of the glenoid, associated with some degree of stripping of the anterior part of the capsule from the front of the neck of the scapula, found in 87 per cent. of cases examined adequately at operation; (b) defect or flattening of the posterolateral aspect of the articular surface of the head of the humerus which engages with the glenoid cavity when the arm is in external rotation and abduction; this defect is demonstrated most readily in antero-posterior radiographs taken with the humerus in 60 to 70 degrees of internal rotation and was shown to be present in 82 per cent. of cases which had been subjected to adequate radiographic examination. 2. The frequency of the humeral head defect has been under-estimated in the past, because of the difficulty of demonstrating it, particularly when the defect is small. 3. Either type of lesion alone may predispose to recurrence of the dislocation. 4. Both types of lesion are often present in the same shoulder. When this is the case the tendency to redislocation is great. 5. The initial dislocation, which results in the development of one or both these persistent structural abnormalities, may be due to very different types of injury, the commonest of which is a fall on the outstretched hand. The factor common to all these injuries is a resultant force acting on the humeral head in the direction of the anterior glenoid margin. 6. In the treatment of recurrent dislocation of the shoulder joint the Nicola operation is unreliable, and it may be associated with a recurrence rate as high as 36 per cent. It is believed that continued instability after this operation is usually due to the presence of a defect of the humeral head. 7. Operative treatment should aim at repairing, or nullifying, the effects of both types of lesion. For anterior detachment of the labrum this involves either suturing the labrum back to the glenoid margin, or constructing some form of anterior buttress, fibrous or bony: for humeral head defects it necessitates some procedure designed to limit external rotation, thus preventing the defect from coming into engagement with the glenoid cavity. Such limitation of external rotation does not constitute a significant disability.
RECURRENT DISLOCATION OF THE SHOULDER
Authors: Eyre-Brook A. L. 
Published: February 2018

1. The operative findings in seventeen cases of recurrent dislocation of the shoulder are presented and discussed. Detachment of the glenoid labrum (thirteen cases) and the formation of a posterior humeral groove (eleven cases) were the most consistent findings. 2. In one case recurrent dislocation of the shoulder was due to avulsion of the subscapularis muscle. 3. The surgical treatment of these cases is described, usually consisting of a modification of Bankart's operation. 4. The results of follow-up are given as an intermediate report. No post-operative dislocation has so far been reported.
EVOLUTION OF MOULD ARTHROPLASTY OF THE HIP JOINT
Authors: Smith-Petersen M. N. 
Published: February 2018

This is the first time that the principle of the mouldâthe principle of guiding the repair of nature for the purpose of recreating a destroyed or damaged structure, has been applied to surgery. The evolution of the method to its present encouraging stage is the result of the co-operative, professional family spirit of the Massachusetts General Hospital. We all share in it. We share it with the general surgeon because of his contributions to surgical technique. We share it with the "medical man" because of his pre-operative and post-operative care of the patient; because of his guidance as to when, and when not, to operate; and because of the many friendly arguments which are productive of so much good. We share it with the anaesthetist because of his clinical judgment of the patient, his selection of anaesthetic agent, and his continuous, conscientious administration of the anaesthetic throughout the operation. I am going to change from "we" to "I." I owe so much to my assistants, from the first to the last: Bill Rogers, Eddie Cave, George Van Gorder, Paul Norton, Milton Thompson, Otto Aufranc, and Carroll Larson. I want to thank them all for helping to carry the load, for remembering the things that I forgot, and for making helpful suggestions which often led to improvement in surgical technique or to the construction of a useful instrument. I want to pay tribute to the staff of the Orthopaedic Service of the Massachusetts General Hospital and to thank its members for kindly scepticism, constructive criticism, and neverfailing loyal support. The subject of this lecture, "Evolution of Mould Arthroplasty of the Hip Joint," is appropriate for a Moynihan lecture. It is not the work of one man alone. It is the work of one man, supported by a co-operative, helpful, and friendly hospital staff. This is what Lord Moynihan strove so hard to bring about at a time when surgeons viewed one another as rivals. To quote Dr William Mayo: "It is to Lord Moynihan's everlasting credit that, largely as a result of his unceasing efforts, surgeons came to consider themselves as fellow-workers in a cause."
PARAPLEGIA IN HYPEREXTENSION CERVICAL INJURIES WITH NORMAL RADIOGRAPHIC APPEARANCES
Authors: Taylor Alexander R. , Blackwood William 
Published: February 2018

1) A case is reported of paraplegia with normal radiographic appearances in which cervical cord damage was shown at autopsy to have been due to hyperextension injury. 2) The mechanism of such injuries is discussed, together with the differential diagnosis from acute prolapse of an intervertebral disc. 3) The grave dangers of using the fully extended position of the cervical spine in the management of these cases is noted.