bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of intermittent drying on the cracking ratio of soybeans (Glycine max) at different relative humidity using reaction engineering approach modeling
Authors: Jung Hwabin , Yoon Won Byong 
Published: June 2018

AbstractIntermittent drying (ID) was applied to reduce soybean cracking because of the low moisture gradient and little thermal stress on soybeans during their tempering period. The drying temperature and relative humidity (RH) for the drying and tempering periods were 35°C and 20% and 25°C and 43%, respectively. The intermittency (α) of the drying was defined as the ratio of the drying period to the duration of the drying and tempering periods, and it varied at α = 1, 0.5, 0.4, and 0.25 to evaluate the drying characteristics and the soybeans’ quality. Intermittency processes redistributed the moisture in the soybean so that the low thermal stress was applied to the soybeans. The percentage of cracked grains increased with increasing the duration of drying period and decreasing tempering period. The moisture content and temperature changes during drying of soybeans were well fitted by reaction engineering approach (REA) modeling. Additionally, the physics that describe the soybeans’ drying behavior during ID were explained by the model parameters obtained from the REA modeling, such as the surface relative humidity and the surface water vapor concentration. ID showed the highest drying efficiency at α = 0.25 regarding the total drying time (13,800 s, i.e., the shortest drying time) and the lowest cracking ratio (<2.18%).
Geochemistry of Byzantine and Early Islamic glass from Jerash, Jordan: Typology, recycling, and provenance
Authors: Barfod Gry Hoffmann , Freestone Ian C. , Lichtenberger Achim , Raja Rubina , Schwarzer Holger 
Published: June 2018

AbstractTwenty‐two objects of glass from the Decapolis city of Gerasa, N. Jordan, with characteristic vessel forms ranging from Hellenistic to Early Islamic (2nd century BCE to 8th century CE) were analyzed for major and trace elements, and 16 samples for Sr‐isotopes. The majority were produced in the vicinity of Apollonia on the Palestine coast in the 6th–7th centuries CE, and strong inter‐element correlations for Fe, Ti, Mn, Mg, Nb reflect local variations in the accessory minerals in the Apollonia glassmaking sand. The ubiquity of recycling is reflected in elevated concentrations and high coefficients of variation of colorant‐related elements as well as a strong positive correlation between K and P. The high level of K contamination is attributed to the use of pomace (olive processing residue) as fuel, and a negative correlation with Cl, due to volatilization as the glass was reheated. This points to an efficient system for the collection of glass for recycling in Jerash during the latter part of the first millennium CE. Differences in elemental behavior at different sites in the Levant may reflect the context of the recycling system, for example, glass from secular contexts may contain less colorants derived from mosaics than glass associated with churches.
Chronic depressive symptomatology and CSF amyloid beta and tau levels in mild cognitive impairment
Authors: Gonzales Mitzi M. , Insel Philip S. , Nelson Craig , Tosun Duygu , Schöll Michael , Mattsson Niklas , Sacuiu Simona , Bickford David , Weiner Michael W. , Mackin R. Scott ,   the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Published: June 2018

ObjectivesTo investigate the association between chronic subsyndromal symptoms of depression (SSD), cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers, and neuropsychological performance in individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI).MethodsParticipants included 238 older adults diagnosed with MCI from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative repository with cognitive and CSF amyloid beta (Aβ1–42), total tau (t‐tau), and phosphorylated tau (p‐tau) data. The Neuropsychiatric Inventory identified individuals with chronic endorsement (SSD group N = 80) or no endorsement (non‐SSD group N = 158) of depressive symptoms across timepoints. CSF biomarker and cognitive performance were evaluated with linear regression models adjusting for age, education, gender, APOE genotype, global cognitive status, and SSD group.ResultsAs compared to the non‐SSD group, the SSD group displayed lower CSF Aβ1–42 levels (β = −24.293, S.E. = 6.345, P < 0.001). No group differences were observed for CSF t‐tau (P = 0.497) or p‐tau levels (P = 0.392). Lower CSF Aβ1–42 levels were associated with poorer performance on learning (β = 0.041, S.E. = 0.018, P = 0.021) and memory (β = −0.012, S.E. = 0.005, P = 0.031) measures, whereas higher CSF t‐tau levels were associated with poorer performance on measures of global cognition (β = 0.022, S.E = 0.008, P = 0.007) and language (β = −0.010, S.E = 0.004, P = 0.019). SSD was independently associated with diminished global cognition, learning and memory, language, and executive function performance over and above the effects of CSF biomarkers (all P < 0.05).ConclusionsMCI participants with SSD displayed diminished CSF Aβ1–42 levels but did not differ from non‐SSD controls in CSF tau levels. Additionally, CSF biomarkers and SSD independently accounted for variance in cognitive performance, suggesting that these factors may uniquely confer cognitive risk in MCI.
The influence of aging on the methylation status of brain‐derived neurotrophic factor gene in blood
Authors: Ihara Kazushige , Fuchikami Manabu , Hashizume Masahiro , Okada Satoshi , Kawai Hisashi , Obuchi Shuichi , Hirano Hirohiko , Fujiwara Yoshinori , Hachisu Mitsugu , Hongyong Kim , Morinobu Shigeru 
Published: June 2018

ObjectiveBrain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is involved in the pathophysiology of psychiatric disorders in adults and elderly individuals, and as a result, the DNA methylation (DNAm) of the BDNF gene in peripheral tissues including blood has been extensively examined to develop a useful biomarker for psychiatric disorders. However, studies to date have not previously investigated the effect of age on DNAm of the BDNF gene in blood. In this context, we measured DNAm of 39 CpG units in the CpG island at the promoter of exon I of the BDNF gene.MethodsWe analyzed genomic DNA from peripheral blood of 105 health Japanese women 20 to 80 years of age to identify aging‐associated change in DNAm of the BDNF gene. In addition, we examined the relationship between total MMSE scores, numbers of stressful life events, and serum BDNF levels on DNAm of the BDNF gene. The DNAm rate at each CpG unit was measured using a MassArray® system (Agena Bioscience), and serum BDNF levels were measured by ELISA.ResultsThere was a significant correlation between DNAm and age in 13 CpGs. However, there was no significant correlation between DNAm and total MMSE scores, numbers of life events, or serum BDNF levels.ConclusionDespite the small number of subjects and the inclusion of only female subjects, our results suggest that DNAm of 13 CpGs of the BDNF gene may be an appropriate biomarker for aging and useful for predicting increased susceptibility to age‐related psychiatric disorders.
Longitudinal white matter microstructural change in Parkinson's disease
Authors: Pozorski Vincent , Oh Jennifer M. , Adluru Nagesh , Merluzzi Andrew P. , Theisen Frances , Okonkwo Ozioma , Barzgari Amy , Krislov Stephanie , Sojkova Jitka , Bendlin Barbara B. , Johnson Sterling C. , Alexander Andrew L. , Gallagher Catherine L. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractPostmortem studies of Parkinson's disease (PD) suggest that Lewy body pathology accumulates in a predictable topographical sequence, beginning in the olfactory bulb, followed by caudal brainstem, substantia nigra, limbic cortex, and neocortex. Diffusion‐weighted imaging (DWI) is sensitive, if not specific, to early disease‐related white matter (WM) change in a variety of traumatic and degenerative brain diseases. Although numerous cross‐sectional studies have reported DWI differences in cerebral WM in PD, only a few longitudinal studies have investigated whether DWI change exceeds that of normal aging or coincides with regional Lewy body accumulation. This study mapped regional differences in the rate of DWI‐based microstructural change between 29 PD patients and 43 age‐matched controls over 18 months. Iterative within‐ and between‐subject tensor‐based registration was completed on motion‐ and eddy current‐corrected DWI images, then baseline versus follow‐up difference maps of fractional anisotropy, mean, radial, and axial diffusivity were analyzed in the Biological Parametric Mapping toolbox for MATLAB. This analysis showed that PD patients had a greater decline in WM integrity in the rostral brainstem, caudal subcortical WM, and cerebellar peduncles, compared with controls. In addition, patients with unilateral clinical signs at baseline experienced a greater rate of WM change over the 18‐month study than patients with bilateral signs. These findings suggest that rate of WM microstructural change in PD exceeds that of normal aging and is maximal during early stage disease. In addition, the neuroanatomic locations (rostral brainstem and subcortical WM) of accelerated WM change fit with current theories of topographic disease progression.
Reaction‐based AIE‐active Fluorescent Probes for Selective Detection and Imaging
Authors: Gao Xiaoying , Sun Jing Zhi , Tang Ben Zhong 
Published: June 2018

AbstractFluorescent probes have been widely investigated for their features of rapid response, easy operation and high sensitivity. Among them, reaction‐based fluorescent probes, for their unique reaction‐based nature, guarantee them with excellent selectivity, effectively avoiding the possible interference from other chemical and biological species in physiological environment. Conventional reaction‐based fluorescent probes are aggregation‐caused quenching (ACQ) fluorophores. The application of these kinds of probes are limited for their poor photostability and narrow Stokes shifts. Compared with ACQ fluorophores, aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) fluorophores become emissive in aggregation states with higher signal‐to‐noise ratio, better photostability and larger Stokes shifts. In this review, we summarize the latest developed reaction‐based AIE‐active probes, including the design principle and application in various sensing systems and give an outlook for the future development of this kind of promising fluorescent probes.
Evaluation of neonicotinoid insecticides for oestrogenic, thyroidogenic and adipogenic activity reveals imidacloprid causes lipid accumulation
Authors: Mesnage Robin , Biserni Martina , Genkova Dilyana , Wesolowski Ludovic , Antoniou Michael N. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractFew studies have investigated non‐target effects of neonicotinoid insecticides on mammalian physiology. This is largely due to the widespread perception that their weak affinity for nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subtypes in vertebrates makes mammalian exposures unlikely to pose health risks. To the best of our knowledge, we describe the first investigation evaluating the interaction of seven principal neonicotinoid insecticides (thiamethoxam, imidacloprid, clothianidin, flupyradifurone, dinotefuran, nitenpyram, thiacloprid) with oestrogen and thyroid hormone receptors, as well as their adipogenic effects, in mammalian cell culture assay systems. An E‐Screen with MCF‐7 and T‐Screen with GH3 cells respectively showed a lack of oestrogen and thyroid hormone receptor agonist effects for any of the neonicotinoids tested. Adipogenicity was assessed by the ability to stimulate lipid accumulation in adipocyte differentiated 3T3‐L1 cells, with only imidacloprid scoring positive in this assay causing triglyceride accumulation from a concentration of 50 mg l−1. Data mining of ToxCast high‐throughput screening assays revealed that this adipogenic effect of imidacloprid is probably mediated via the pregnane X receptor.
Comparison of Methods for Improving Fracture Risk Assessment in Diabetes: The Manitoba BMD Registry
Authors: Leslie William D , Johansson Helena , McCloskey Eugene V , Harvey Nicholas C , Kanis John A , Hans Didier 
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACT

Type 2 diabetes is a risk factor for fracture independent of FRAX (fracture risk assessment) probability. We directly compared four proposed methods to improve the performance of FRAX for type 2 diabetes by: (1) including the rheumatoid arthritis (RA) input to FRAX; (2) making a trabecular bone score (TBS) adjustment to FRAX; (3) reducing the femoral neck T-score input to FRAX by 0.5 SD; and (4) increasing the age input to FRAX by 10 years. We examined major osteoporotic fractures (MOFs) and hip fractures (HFs) over a mean of 8.3 years observation among 44,543 women and men 40 years of age or older (4136 with diabetes) with baseline lumbar spine and hip DXA from 1999 through 2016. Controlled for unadjusted FRAX probability, diabetes was associated with an increased risk for MOFs and HFs. All four FRAX adjustments attenuated the effect of diabetes, but a residual effect of diabetes was seen on MOF risk after TBS adjustment, and on HF risk after the RA and TBS adjustments. Among those with diabetes, unadjusted FRAX risk underestimated MOF (observed/predicted ratio 1.15; 95% CI, 1.03 to 1.28), but this was no longer significant after applying the diabetes adjustments. HF risk was more severely underestimated (observed/predicted ratio 1.85; 95% CI, 1.51 to 2.20) and was only partially corrected with the diabetes adjustments (still significant for the RA and TBS adjustments). Among those with diabetes, there was moderate reclassification based upon a fixed MOF cut-off of 20% (4.1% to 7.1%) or fixed HF cut-off of 3% (5.7% to 16.5%). Net reclassification improvement increased for MOF with each of the diabetes adjustments (range 3.9% to 5.6% in the diabetes subgroup). In conclusion, each of the proposed methods for addressing limitations in the ability of FRAX to assess fracture risk in individuals with diabetes was found to improve performance, though no single method was optimal in all settings. © 2018 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Bone morphogenetic protein‐2 is a stronger inducer of osteogenesis within muscle tissue than heterodimeric bone morphogenetic protein‐2/6 and ‐2/7: Implications for expedited gene‐enhanced bone repair
Authors: Betz Volker M. , Ren Bin , Messmer Carolin , Jansson Volkmar , Betz Oliver B. , Müller Peter E. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractBackgroundBone morphogenetic protein (BMP)‐2 gene‐activated muscle tissue fragments can regenerate large bone defects in preclinical animal models. The use of tissue fragments instead of isolated cells expedites gene‐enhanced tissue engineering and may increase the possibility of clinical translation. The present in vitro study investigated whether the osteoinductive effect of BMP‐2 on muscle tissue fragments can be enhanced using the heterodimers BMP‐2/6 or BMP‐2/7.MethodsSkeletal muscle tissue fragments from rats were cultured in vitro for up to 20 days in normal medium, osteogenic medium or osteogenic medium supplemented with either a low (50 ng/ml) or high (200 ng/ml) concentration of recombinant human BMP‐2, BMP‐2/6 or BMP‐2/7. Osteoinduction was evaluated by a quantitative reverse transcriptase‐polymerase chain reaction, Alizarin red S staining, immunohistology and histomorphometry.ResultsInterestingly, BMP‐2 was a significantly stronger inducer of osteogenic differentiation within muscle tissue than both heterodimers. Even the low concentration of BMP‐2 elicited significantly higher levels of calcium deposition, bone‐specific gene expression and protein production than the high concentration of both heterodimers. At the high concentration, BMP‐2/7 had a significantly stronger osteogenic effect on muscle than BMP‐2/6.ConclusionsThe homodimer BMP‐2 induced osteoblastogenesis in muscle faster, at a lower concentration and with a higher potency than the heterodimers BMP‐2/6 or BMP‐2/7. The findings of this in vitro study encourage bone repair by muscle implants in combination with BMP‐2 single growth factor delivery, which might be beneficial with respect to clinical translation.
DNA physical interaction mediated b‐lymphoma treatment offered by tetra benzimidazole‐substituted zinc (ii) phthalocyanine derivative
Authors: Muhammad Bushra Taj , Ullah Azeem , Muhammad Munira Taj , Arshad Tanzila 
Published: June 2018

AbstractRole of heterocyclic compounds with nitrogen substitution in therapeutic frontiers is well established. The efforts made in this study are directed to dissect the biological significance of benzimidazole‐substituted zinc phthalocyanine derivative. Its capacity to act as an anticancer agent against the 2 B‐lymphoma cell lines (low‐grade and high‐grade malignancy) was found out by recording florescence using Alamar blue dye. Further cytotoxic effect at the DNA level was analyzed by performing agarose gel electrophoresis. Molecular docking studies made mechanistic details crystal clear by showing potential dual binding modes employed for interaction with DNA that include minor groove binding and intercalation between bases. This advocates this derivative as potential anticancer agent and deserves further rounds of mechanistic study for its final journey to serve as a marketed drug.
Egg product freshness evaluation: A metabolomic approach
Authors: Cavanna Daniele , Catellani Dante , Dall'Asta Chiara , Suman Michele 
Published: June 2018

AbstractEgg products' freshness is a crucial issue for the production of safe and high‐quality commodities. Up to now, this parameter is assessed with the quantification of few compounds, but the possibility to evaluate more molecules simultaneously could help to provide robust results.In this study, 31 compounds responsible of freshness and not freshness of egg products were selected with a metabolomic approach. After an ultrahigh‐pressure liquid chromatography–high‐resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC‐HRMS) analysis, different chemometric models were created to select gradually the most significant features that were finally extracted and identified through HRMS data.Sample lots were collected directly from their arrival at the production plant sites, extracted immediately after, then left at room temperature, and extracted again after 24 and 48 hours (first day and second day, respectively). A total amount of 79 samples was used for the model creation.Furthermore, the same compounds were detected in seven new egg products sample lots not used for the model creation and treated with the same experimental design (total amount of samples, 21).The results obtained clearly demonstrate that these 31 molecules can be considered real freshness or not freshness chemical markers.Furthermore, this UHPLC‐HRMS metabolomic approach allows for the detection of a larger set of metabolites clearly related to possible microbial growth over time, which is a relevant point for also ensuring food safety.
Camu‐camu (Myrciaria dubia) from commercial cultivation has higher levels of bioactive compounds than native cultivation (Amazon Forest) and presents antimutagenic effects in vivo
Authors: Azevedo Luciana , de Araujo Ribeiro Paula F , de Carvalho Oliveira Jéssica A , Correia Maryana G , Ramos Flávia M , de Oliveira Eduardo B , Barros Frederico , Stringheta Paulo C 
Published: June 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDCamu‐camu (Myrciaria dubia) is a typical Amazonian fruit and has high antioxidant capacity due to its high levels of vitamin C and phenolic compounds. This study aimed to determine the phytochemicals, antioxidant capacity and antimutagenic effects of camu‐camu fruits with different maturity stages grown in dry (commercial cultivation) or flooded environments (native cultivation, Amazon).RESULTSTotal polyphenols, ascorbic acid and in vitro antioxidant capacity levels were higher in ripe fruits grown in a commercial cultivation. The extracts from ripe camu‐camu grown in a commercial cultivation exerted antioxidant effects and high percentage of protection against doxorubicin and 1,2‐dimethylhydrazine in all tested systems (liver, bone marrow and gut), for three camu‐camu extract concentrations (17, 85 and 170 mg kg−1 body weight), as follows: bone marrow minocronucleus (37.91%, 41.75%, 43.95%); micronucleus gut test (61.01%, 64.40%, 50.28%); apoptosis index (60.26%, 62.44%, 58.22%); comet assay through the tail moment (71.64%, 72.31%, 70.70%), percent DNA in the tail (64.54%, 68.75%, 76.79%) and tail intensity (76.43%, 81.02%, 68.33%).CONCLUSIONThe results of this study contribute to increasing the production of camu‐camu fruits grown in dry environments and their use as a health‐promoting food. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Dose rates of electron beam and gamma ray irradiation affect microbial decontamination and quality changes in dried red pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) powder
Authors: Kyung Hyun‐Kyu , Ramakrishnan Sudha Rani , Kwon Joong‐Ho 
Published: June 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDDue to differences in radiation sources (electron beam from electron accelerator, gamma ray from 60Co radionuclide) and energy delivery time (dose rate, kGy/time), the effects on foods are expected to be different with regard to chemical quality change and microbial decontamination. To better understand this impact, effects of variable dose rates of electron beam (EB, kGy s−1) and gamma rays (GR, kGy h−1) on microbial reduction, capsanthin content, and color parameters of red pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) powders (RPP) were determined. RPP samples were irradiated with 3 kGy absorbed dose, at variable dose rates of 1 and 5 kGy s−1 of EB (10 MeV/10 kW), and 1.8 and 9 kGy h−1 of GR (60Co).RESULTSAerobic plate counts (APC) as well as yeast and mold counts of non‐irradiated samples were 7.12 log CFU g−1 and 6.62 log CFU g−1, respectively. EB and GR reduced these by 2–3 log CFU g−1. A lower dose rate (1 kGy s−1) of EB was more effective for microbial reduction than a higher dose rate (5 kGy s−1). In contrast, a higher dose rate (9 kGy h−1) of GR efficiently decreased APC compared to a lower dose rate (1.8 kGy h−1). Higher EB and GR dose rates significantly decreased the capsanthin content and Hunter's red color (a* value).CONCLUSIONLow EB (kGy s−1) and high GR (kGy h−1) dose rates are recommended for microbiological safety of RPP with negligible changes in color attributes visible to the human eye, in contrast to the measured values. Thus the study demonstrates that the influence of absorbed dose is dependent on the applied dose rates. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Investigation on characteristics of 3D printing using Nostoc sphaeroides biomass
Authors: An Yan‐Jun , Guo Chao‐Fan , Zhang Min , Zhong Ze‐Ping 
Published: June 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDGel‐like constructs can be produced using an extrusion‐based 3D food printing (3D‐FP) technique. Nostoc sphaeroides biomass is a natural gel material. Considering its good nutrition and rheological properties, these algae were chosen in this study as supply material (ink) for 3D‐FP. With this gel material, the extrusion‐based 3D printing system was set as a model, and the printing behavior was investigated. Furthermore, the 3D‐FP mechanisms were explained through low‐field nuclear magnetic resonance and rheological measurements.RESULTSResults indicated that although fresh biomass gel was printable, non‐uniformity and instability occurred during printing. Blanched inks showed non‐smooth printing behavior, which was associated with a decrease in elasticity and viscosity. Printability was improved by increasing the rehydration time to 24 h when rehydrated powder was used. Increasing the rehydration time increased the water‐binding degree. Pre‐gelatinized potato starch was added to the mixture at ratios ranging from 1 to 100 g kg−1. The best printing outcome was observed at 40 g kg−1 potato starch.CONCLUSIONWe emphasize that elasticity and viscosity balance is an essential parameter to achieve printability. The strategies adopted in this work provide new insights into the development of personalized food regarding texture and nutritional additive content. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry