bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of ascending aortic, hemiarch and arch repair on early and long-term outcomes in patients with Stanford A acute aortic dissection
Authors: Merkle Julia , Sabashnikov Anton , Deppe Antje-Christin , Zeriouh Mohamed , Maier Johanna , Weber Carolyn , Eghbalzadeh Kaveh , Schlachtenberger Georg , Shostak Olga , Djordjevic Ilija , Kuhn Elmar , Rahmanian Parwis B. , Madershahian Navid , Rustenbach Christian , Liakopoulos Oliver , Choi Yeong-Hoon , Kuhn-Régnier Ferdinand , Wahlers Thorsten 
Published: October 2018

Background: Stanford A acute aortic dissection (AAD) is a life-threatening emergency associated with major morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to compare outcomes of three different surgical approaches in patients with Stanford A AAD. Methods: From January 2006 to March 2015 a total of 240 consecutive patients with diagnosed Stanford A AAD underwent elective, isolated surgical aortic repair in our centre. Patients were divided into three groups according to the extent of surgical repair: isolated replacement of the ascending aorta, hemiarch replacement and total arch replacement. Patients were followed up for up to 9 years. After univariate analysis multinomial logistic regression was performed for subgroup analysis. Baseline characteristics and endpoints as well as long-term survival were analysed. Results: There were no statistically significant differences among the three groups in terms of demographics and preoperative baseline and clinical characteristics. Incidence of in-hospital stroke ( p = 0.034), need for reopening due to bleeding ( p = 0.031) and in-hospital mortality ( p = 0.017) increased significantly with the extent of the surgical approach. There was no statistical difference in terms of long-term survival ( p = 0.166) among the three groups. Applying multinomial logistic regression for subgroup analysis significantly higher odds for stroke ( p = 0.023), reopening for bleeding ( p = 0.010) and in-hospital mortality ( p = 0.009) for the arch surgery group in comparison to the ascending aorta surgery group as well as significantly higher odds for stroke ( p = 0.029) for the total arch surgery group in comparison to the hemiarch surgery group were identified. Conclusions: With Stanford A AAD the incidence of perioperative complications increased significantly with the extent of the surgical approach. Subgroup analysis and long-term follow up in patients undergoing isolated ascending or hemiarch surgery showed a lower incidence of cerebrovascular events compared with surgery for total arch replacement.
Risk of patella baja after opening-wedge high tibial osteotomy
Authors: Otsuki Shuhei , Murakami Tomohiko , Okamoto Yoshinori , Nakagawa Kosuke , Okuno Nobuhiro , Wakama Hitoshi , Neo Masashi 
Published: October 2018

Purpose: Medial opening-wedge high tibial osteotomy (OWHTO) induces a lower patellar position, and the subsequent degree of patellar movement may not be predicted preoperatively. The purpose of this study was to clarify the relationship between preoperative and postoperative patellar height based on the correction angle of OWHTO and to create a formula to predict the appearance of patella baja following OWHTO. Materials and Methods: Seventy-five knees with varus knee osteoarthritis treated with OWHTO were included in this study. The Caton–Deschamps index was used to evaluate patellar height preoperatively and postoperatively, and the cut-off value for preoperative parameters was determined by a receiver operating characteristic curve to determine the risk ratio for postoperative patella baja. Results: The Caton–Deschamps index significantly decreased from 0.93 to 0.77 after OWHTO ( p < 0.01). The OWHTO correction angle negatively correlated with the delta Caton–Deschamps index ( r = −0.44, p < 0.01), and a 1.7% decrease in the Caton–Deschamps index was shown with a 1° correction angle. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis revealed that a Caton–Deschamps index of 0.8 was the cutoff for OWHTO; knees with a preoperative Caton–Deschamps index of < 0.8 tended to develop patella baja after OWHTO, with a risk ratio of 9.5 (95% confidence interval [4.3–20.7]). Conclusions: OWHTO can induce patella baja, and a 1.7% decrease in the Caton–Deschamps index was shown with a 1°-correction angle. A preoperative Caton–Deschamps index < 0.8 should be considered a risk factor for postoperative patella baja. Level of Evidence: Retrospective study, Level IV
Changes of mediolateral soft tissue gaps in total knee arthroplasty after suturing medial extensor in navigation
Authors: Chae Seung Bum , Cho Myung Rae , Kwon Jae Bum , Lee Jae Hyuk , Choi Won Kee 
Published: October 2018

Purpose: Aim is to investigate the changes of mediolateral soft tissue gaps in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) after suturing medial extensor. Methods and materials: We compared the differences of medial and lateral gap values that were shown by the computer navigation at 0°, 45°, 90°, and 120° knee flexion during patella in situ and during patella repaired by a towel clip on two constant sites. Fifty consecutive knees (43 patients) scheduled for TKA due to varus knee osteoarthritis, from February 2017 to May 2017, were enrolled in this prospective study. Results: The medial gaps with patella repaired were significantly lower ( p < 0.05) than the medial gaps with patella in situ at 45°, 90°, and 120° knee flexion. Differences in the medial gap were largest at 90, with the difference of 0.87 mm. Twenty-four of 50 cases (48%) showed medial gap differences of 1 mm or over, and 13 of 50 cases (26%) showed medial gap differences of 2 mm or over. The variation in the medial gap at 90° following patellar repair showed significant association (correlation coefficient = 0.78, p = 0.001) with the difference between medial and lateral gaps (medial gap − lateral gap) at 90° of patella in situ. At 90° knee flexion, when the medial and lateral gap difference in patella in situ was 1 mm or less, 73.5% (25/34) of the cases showed variation in the medial gap of less than 1 mm after patellar repair. Conclusion: During TKA, while measuring the medial gap with patella in situ, overestimation might occur, especially in the position of knee flexion. Thus, reevaluation using towel clips should be considered when the medial and lateral gap difference is 1 mm or larger when patella in situ during evaluation of the medial and lateral gaps at 90° knee flexion.
Subskills associated with spelling ability in children with and without autism spectrum disorders
Authors: Bailey Benjamin , Arciuli Joanne 
Published: October 2018

Background and aims Effective literacy instruction demands a clear understanding of the subskills that underpin children’s reading and writing abilities. Some previous research on reading has questioned whether the same subskills support literacy acquisition for typically developing children and children with autism spectrum disorders. This study examined the subskills associated with spelling ability in a group of 20 children with ASD aged 5–12 years (ASD group). A group of 20 typically developing children matched for age and word spelling accuracy (TD group) provided comparative data. Methods Participants completed standardised assessments of vocabulary, phonological awareness, letter knowledge and word spelling. Errors produced in response to the word spelling assessment were analysed for evidence of phonological awareness. In addition, all spelling attempts were analysed for evidence of phonological, orthographic, and morphological awareness, ‘linguistic awareness’, using the Computerised Spelling Sensitivity System. Results Correlation and regression analyses showed statistically significant relationships between phonological awareness and word spelling accuracy for children in the ASD and TD groups. Spelling errors produced by both groups contained evidence of phonological awareness. Analysis of all spelling attempts showed that the overall level of linguistic awareness encoded by children in the ASD and TD groups was not significantly different. Conclusions These findings provide evidence that phonological awareness and other subskills support spelling in children with autism spectrum disorders as they do in typically developing children. Implications The similar spelling profiles exhibited by children with autism spectrum disorders and their typically developing peers suggest that these populations may benefit from literacy instruction that targets the same underpinning subskills.
Increased prevalence of expiratory flow limitation during exercise in children with bronchopulmonary dysplasia
Authors: O'Dea Christopher A. , Logie Karla , Maiorana Andrew , Wilson Andrew C. , Pillow J. Jane , Banton Georgia L , Simpson Shannon J. , Hall Graham L. 
Published: October 2018

Evidence regarding the prevalence of expiratory flow limitation (EFL) during exercise and the ventilatory response to exercise in children born preterm is limited. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of EFL as well as contributing factors to EFL and the ventilatory response to exercise in preterm children with and without bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD).Preterm children (≤32 weeks gestational age) aged 9–12 years with (n=64) and without (n=42) BPD and term controls (n=43), performed an incremental treadmill exercise test with exercise tidal flow–volume loops.More preterm children with BPD (53%) had EFL compared with preterm children without BPD (26%) or term controls (28%) (p<0.05). The presence of EFL was independently associated with decreased forced expiratory volume in 1 s/forced vital capacity z-score and lower gestational age (p<0.05). There was no difference in peak oxygen uptake between preterm children with BPD and term controls (48.0versus48.4 mL·kg−1·min−1; p=0.063); however, children with BPD had a lower tidal volume at peak exercise (mean difference −27 mL·kg−1, 95% CI −49– −5; p<0.05). Children born preterm without BPD had ventilatory responses to exercise similar to term controls.Expiratory flow limitation is more prevalent in children born preterm with BPD and is associated with airway obstruction and a lower gestational age.
Impact of dapagliflozin on left ventricular diastolic function of patients with type 2 diabetic mellitus with chronic heart failure
Authors: Soga Fumitaka , Tanaka Hidekazu , Tatsumi Kazuhiro , Mochizuki Yasuhide , Sano Hiroyuki , Toki Hiromi , Matsumoto Kensuke , Shite Junya , Takaoka Hideyuki , Doi Tomofumi , Hirata Ken-ichi 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Background
The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of sodium glucose cotransporter type 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors on left ventricular (LV) diastolic function of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients with heart failure (HF).

Methods
This trial was a prospective multicenter study of 58 T2DM patients with stable HF at five institutions in Japan. Patients who had been taking at least one antidiabetic drugs other than SGLT2 inhibitors started the administration of 5 mg/day of dapagliflozin. The physical examinations, blood tests, and echocardiography were performed at baseline and 6 months after administration of dapagliflozin. The primary endpoint was defined as a change in mitral inflow E and mitral e′ annular velocities (E/e′) between baseline and 6 months after the administration of dapagliflozin. The secondary end points consisted of a change in brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), LV mass index (LVMI) and left atrial volume index (LAVI).

Results
E/e′ significantly decreased from 9.3 to 8.5 cm/s (p = 0.020) 6 months after administration of dapagliflozin. LAVI and LVMI significantly decreased from 31 to 26 mL/m2 (p = 0.001), and from 75.0 to 67.0 g/m2 (p < 0.001), respectively, 6 months after administration of dapagliflozin. No significant change was observed in BNP (from 27.9 to 28.9 pg/mL; p = 0.132) 6 months after administration of dapagliflozin, except for a significant decrease from 168.8 to 114.3 pg/mL (p = 0.012) in patients with BNP ≥ 100 pg/mL.

Conclusion
This prospective multicenter trial showed the beneficial effect of SGLT2 inhibitors on LV diastolic functional parameters for T2DM patients with HF. Our findings may thus offer a new insight into the management of T2DM patients.
Trial registration UMIN000019789, Registered 28 September 2014, Date of registration: 11/14/2015, Date of enrolment of the first participant to the trial: 6/15/2016, Date of enrolment of the last participant to the trial: 12/9/2017
Mood stabilisers and risk of stroke in bipolar disorder
Authors: Chen Pao-Huan , Tsai Shang-Ying , Pan Chun-Hung , Chang Chi-Kang , Su Sheng-Shiang , Chen Chiao-Chicy , Kuo Chian-Jue 
Published: October 2018

BackgroundResearch on the risk of stroke following the use of mood stabilisers specific to patients with bipolar disorder is limited.AimsIn this study, we investigated the risk of stroke following the exposure to mood stabilisers in patients with bipolar disorder.MethodData for this nationwide population-based study were derived from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database. Among a retrospective cohort of patients with bipolar disorder (n= 19 433), 609 new-onset cases of stroke were identified from 1999 to 2012. A case–crossover study design utilising 14-day windows was applied to assess the acute exposure effect of individual mood stabilisers on the risk of ischaemic, haemorrhagic and other types of stroke in patients with bipolar disorder.ResultsMood stabilisers as a group were significantly associated with the increased risk of stroke in patients with bipolar disorder (adjusted risk ratio, 1.26;P= 0.041). Among individual mood stabilisers, acute exposure to carbamazepine had the highest risk of stroke (adjusted risk ratio, 1.68;P= 0.018), particularly the ischaemic type (adjusted risk ratio, 1.81;P= 0.037). In addition, acute exposure to valproic acid elevated the risk of haemorrhagic stroke (adjusted risk ratio, 1.76;P= 0.022). In contrast, acute exposure to lithium and lamotrigine did not significantly increase the risk of any type of stroke.ConclusionsUse of carbamazepine and valproic acid, but not lithium and lamotrigine, is associated with increased risk of stroke in patients with bipolar disorder.Declaration of interestNone.
Monstrous Science:The Great Monster Yonggari(1967) and Cold War Science in 1960s South Korea
Authors: Kim Chung-kang 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThis essay explores the cinematic Cold War in 1960s South Korea, focusing on a popular film, The Great Monster Yonggari (Taegoesu Yonggari, 1967), and its transnational production, circulation, and responses. Initially produced as a children’s movie by Korean film director Kim Kidŏk, Yonggari had great success at the box office in South Korea. Later, with cooperation and international marketing by the Japanese company Toei, this film was introduced by American International Pictures television in the United States in 1969 with the title Yongary, Monster from the Deep. The transnational cultural nexus in the production and distribution of The Great Monster Yonggari obviously reflects the global Cold War politics among the nations in the “free world.” While paying attention to this ideological aspect of the film and the centrality of science as a national developmental agenda in South Korea, the essay also looks closely at the anxieties behind the Cold War science within Yonggari, as the “silenced” nuclear disaster of Japan started to be publicly spoken in South Korean media in the mid-1960s. The film reminded Koreans of the victims in Hiroshima and Nagasaki and of East Asian “Hot Wars” that were hidden behind monstrous Cold War science.
Madness, Medicine, and Masculinity in Kim Tongin’s “Oh, the Frail-Hearted!”
Authors: Yang Yoon Sun 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
This article examines how a major twentieth-century Korean writer, Kim Tongin, adopted the language of Western medical science to produce the effect of literary interiority as an iteration of the individual in his novella “Oh, the Frail-Hearted!” (1919–20). My reading of the story unravels the ways in which this work draws several equations between the practice of medical science and that of literature. The main character’s diary and letter are treated as his medical records; a well-known man of letters acts as his doctor by identifying his symptoms through the “medical” gaze; readers are invited to read his “mind” the way doctors examine those of their patients; his illness gives his interiority an identifiable form; and his extramarital affair is not only a love story but also a trigger of his mental illness. The medical gaze allows him to explore his sexuality beyond the traditional conjugal norm—whether via a heterosexual love affair or homoeroticism. His pursuit of individuality is, however, bounded by the “colonial” gaze, under which he appears as an accomplice of the collective debilitation of the colony through a moralistic prism.
Tεχνικές ακουστικής κατανόησης ξένου εξειδικευμένου λόγου και κράτησης σημειώσεων
Authors: Παλασάκη Βασιλική Ιωάννης 
Published: October 2018

Οι μεταπτυχιακές σπουδές σε μια χώρα του εξωτερικού αποτελούσαν ανέκαθεν για τους φοιτητές μια από τις προσφιλείς επιλογές. Η οικονομική κρίση στις μέρες μας επέτεινε αυτή την ανάγκη για βελτίωση, όχι όμως μόνο του επιστημονικού επιπέδου αλλά και των προοπτικών και συνθηκών εργασίας τους, με αποτέλεσμα να παρατηρείται μεγάλη φυγή νέων αποφοίτων πανεπιστημιακής εκπαίδευσης είτε για μεταπτυχιακές σπουδές ή για εργασία. Η γλώσσα, ως ο πιο καθοριστικός παράγοντας στην εργασιακή κινητικότητα, υποχρέωσε πολλούς Έλληνες φοιτητές τα τελευταία χρόνια να στραφούν προς τη γερμανική γλώσσα, προκειμένου να ενταχθούν στην αγορά εργασίας της Γερμανίας, που είναι από τις πιο ελκυστικές στην Ευρώπη. Στην παρούσα εργασία παρατίθενται στους φοιτητές που παρακολουθούν το μάθημα «Γερμανικά για ακαδημαϊκούς σκοπούς» και που ενδιαφέρονται να συνεχίσουν τις σπουδές τους ή να εργαστούν σε κάποια γερμανόφωνη χώρα, οι κατάλληλες τεχνικές, που θα τους καταστήσουν σταδιακά ικανούς, αφενός στην ακρόαση επιστημονικών διαλέξεων και αφετέρου στην τήρηση κατανοητών και χρήσιμων σημειώσεων για την ανακεφαλαίωση του περιεχομένου αυτών των διαλέξεων.
Using zebrafish larval models to study brain injury, locomotor and neuroinflammatory outcomes following intracerebral haemorrhage
Authors: Crilly Siobhan , Njegic Alexandra , Laurie Sarah E. , Fotiou Elisavet , Hudson Georgina , Barrington Jack , Webb Kirsty , Young Helen L. , Badrock Andrew P. , Hurlstone Adam , Rivers-Auty Jack , Parry-Jones Adrian R. , Allan Stuart M. , Kasher Paul R. 
Published: October 2018

Intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) is a devastating condition with limited treatment options, and current understanding of pathophysiology is incomplete. Spontaneous cerebral bleeding is a characteristic of the human condition that has proven difficult to recapitulate in existing pre-clinical rodent models. Zebrafish larvae are frequently used as vertebrate disease models and are associated with several advantages, including high fecundity, optical translucency and non-protected status prior to 5 days post-fertilisation. Furthermore, other groups have shown that zebrafish larvae can exhibit spontaneous ICH. The aim of this study was to investigate whether such models can be utilised to study the pathological consequences of bleeding in the brain, in the context of pre-clinical ICH research. Here, we compared existing genetic (bubblehead) and chemically inducible (atorvastatin) zebrafish larval models of spontaneous ICH and studied the subsequent disease processes. Through live, non-invasive imaging of transgenic fluorescent reporter lines and behavioural assessment we quantified brain injury, locomotor function and neuroinflammation following ICH. We show that ICH in both zebrafish larval models is comparable in timing, frequency and location. ICH results in increased brain cell death and a persistent locomotor deficit. Additionally, in haemorrhaged larvae we observed a significant increase in macrophage recruitment to the site of injury. Live in vivo imaging allowed us to track active macrophage-based phagocytosis of dying brain cells 24 hours after haemorrhage. Morphological analyses and quantification indicated that an increase in overall macrophage activation occurs in the haemorrhaged brain. Our study shows that in zebrafish larvae, bleeding in the brain induces quantifiable phenotypic outcomes that mimic key features of human ICH. We hope that this methodology will enable the pre-clinical ICH community to adopt the zebrafish larval model as an alternative to rodents, supporting future high throughput drug screening and as a complementary approach to elucidating crucial mechanisms associated with ICH pathophysiology.
Plate fixation compared with nonoperative treatment of displaced midshaft clavicular fractures: a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Qvist A. H. , Væsel M. T. , Jensen C. M. , Jensen S. L. 
Published: October 2018

AimsRecent studies of nonoperatively treated displaced midshaft clavicular fractures have shown a high incidence of nonunion and unsatisfactory functional outcome. Some studies have shown superior functional results and higher rates of healing following operative treatment. The aim of this study was to compare the outcome in these patients after nonoperative management with those treated with fixation.Patients and MethodsIn a multicentre, parallel randomized controlled trial, 146 adult patients with an acute displaced fracture of the midthird of the clavicle were randomized to either nonoperative treatment with a sling (71, 55 men and 16 women with a mean age of 39 years, 18 to 60) or fixation with a pre-contoured plate and locking screws (75, 64 men and 11 women with a mean age of 40 years, 18 to 60). Outcome was assessed using the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) Score, the Constant Score, and radiographical evidence of union. Patients were followed for one year.ResultsA total of 60 patients in the nonoperative group and 64 in the operative group completed one-year follow-up. At three months’ follow-up, both the median DASH (1.7 vs 8.3) and median Constant scores (97 vs 90) were significantly better in the operated group (both p = 0.02). After six months and one year, there was no difference in the median DASH or Constant scores. The rate of nonunion was lower in the operative group (2 vs 11 patients, p < 0.02). Nine patients in the nonoperative group underwent surgery for nonunion. The plate was subsequently removed in 16 patients (25%). One patient had a new fracture after removal of the plate and one underwent revision surgery for failure of fixation.ConclusionFixation of a displaced midshaft clavicular fracture using a pre-contoured plate and locking screws results in faster functional recovery and a higher rate of union compared with nonoperative management, but the function of the shoulder is equal after six months and at one year. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2018;100-B:1385–91.