bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A framework for disentangling ecological mechanisms underlying the island species-area relationship
Authors: Chase Jonathan M. , Gooriah Leana , May Felix , Ryberg Wade A. , Schuler Matthew S. , Craven Dylan , Knight Tiffany M. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe relationship between an island’s size and the number of species on that island—the island species-area relationship (ISAR)—is one of the most well-known patterns in biogeography, and forms the basis for understanding biodiversity loss in response to habitat loss and fragmentation. Nevertheless, there is contention about exactly how to estimate the ISAR, and the influence of the three primary ecological mechanisms—random sampling, disproportionate effects, and heterogeneity— that drive it. Key to this contention is that estimates of the ISAR are often confounded by sampling and estimates of measures (i.e., island-level species richness) that are not diagnostic of potential mechanisms. Here, we advocate a sampling-explicit approach for disentangling the possible ecological mechanisms underlying the ISAR using parameters derived from individual-based rarefaction curves estimated across spatial scales. If the parameters derived from rarefaction curves at each spatial scale show no relationship with island area, we cannot reject the hypothesis that ISARs result only from random sampling. However, if the derived metrics change with island area, we can reject random sampling as the only operating mechanism, and infer that effects beyond sampling (i.e., disproportionate effects and/or heterogeneity) are also operating. Finally, if parameters indicative of within-island spatial variation in species composition (i.e., β-diversity) increase with island area, we can conclude that intra-island compositional heterogeneity plays a role in driving the ISAR. We illustrate this approach using representative case studies, including oceanic islands, natural island-like patches, and habitat fragments from formerly continuous habitat, illustrating several combinations of underlying mechanisms. This approach will offer insight into the role of sampling and other processes that underpin the ISAR, providing a more complete understanding of how, and some indication of why, patterns of biodiversity respond to gradients in island area.
Characterization of a thermal stable poliovirus mutant reveals distinct mechanisms of virion stabilization
Authors: Nguyen Y , Jesudhasan Palmy R. , Aguilera Elizabeth R. , Pfeiffer Julie K. 
Published: September 2018

ABSTRACTEnteric viruses, including poliovirus, are spread by the fecal-oral route. In order to persist and transmit to a new host, enteric virus particles must remain stable once they are in the environment. Environmental stressors such as heat and disinfectants can inactivate virus particles and prevent viral transmission. It has been previously demonstrated that bacteria or bacterial surface glycans can enhance poliovirus virion stability and limit inactivation from heat or bleach. While investigating the mechanisms underlying bacterial-enhanced virion thermal stability, we identified and characterized a poliovirus mutant with increased resistance to heat inactivation. This poliovirus mutant, M132V, harbors a single amino acid change in the VP1 capsid-coding that is sufficient to confer heat resistance. M132V was comparable to wild-type virus for replicationin vitro, as well as for replication and pathogenesis in orally-inoculated mice. Although the M132V virus was stable in the absence of bacteria or feces at most temperatures, M132V virus was stabilized by feces at very high temperatures. Additionally, the M132V virus does not have enhanced stability during bleach treatment, suggesting that thermal and bleach inactivation mechanisms are separable. Our results suggest that different mechanisms underlie virion stabilization by bacteria and the M132V mutation. Overall, this work sheds light on factors that influence virion stability.IMPORTANCEViruses spread by the fecal-oral route need to maintain viability in the environment to ensure transmission. Previous work indicated that bacteria and bacterial surface polysaccharides can stabilize viral particles and enhance transmission. To explore factors that influence viral particle stability, we isolated a mutant poliovirus that is heat resistant. This mutant virus does not require feces for stability at most temperatures, but can be stabilized by feces at very high temperatures. Even though the mutant virus is heat resistant, it is susceptible to inactivation by treatment with bleach. This work provides insight into how viral particles maintain infectivity in the environment.
Involving patients and publics in medical and health care research studies: an exploratory survey on participant recruiting and representativeness from the perspective of study authors
Authors: Lander Jonas , Langhof Holger , Dierks Marie-Luise 
Published: September 2018

AbstractResearch on patient and public involvement so far concentrates on defining involvement, describing involvement methods, and analyzing involvement practice in various individual research disciplines. There is little empirical data on the process of and aims for selecting participants, and to what extend lay people involved in research can and should be representative of the population at large. To explore practices and perceptions on these issues and on future PPI conduct more generally, we sent an electronic survey to authors who published involvement activities as part of their studies in medical and social science journals. We identified such authors with a systematic search of five databases and applied descriptive statistics for analysis. Of those who returned the survey (n=127 of 315; 40%), most had previously conducted involvement activities (73%). 45% reported more than one type of involvement, e.g. consultation and deliberation and participation (14%) and to have recruited more than one type of participant for their PPI activity (56%), e.g. ‘lay publics’ and ‘expert publics’ (33% of 71). Representativeness was seen by most respondents as a crucial objective when recruiting participants, while less than half found the recruitment of suitable participants very easy (9%) or rather easy (34%). Many respondents found it generally difficult (52%) or very difficult (17%) to achieve good representativeness. They identified significant respective challenges and desired more guidance on various aspects of planning and conducting PPI (56%). 55% thought that the concept of “involvement” should be changed or improved. We conclude that participant recruitment and representativeness are controversial in current PPI practice given the manifold challenges mentioned by the survey respondents. Our findings may inform further research particularly regarding– the potentially large number of – unpublished PPI activities.
Scalable Nonlinear Programming Framework for Parameter Estimation in Dynamic Biological System Models
Authors: Shin Sungho , Venturelli Ophelia , Zavala Victor M. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractWe present a nonlinear programming (NLP) framework for the scalable solution of parameter estimation problems that arise in dynamic modeling of biological systems. Such problems are computationally challenging because they often involve highly nonlinear and stif differential equations as well as many experimental data sets and parameters. The proposed framework uses cutting-edge modeling and solution tools which are computationally efficient, robust, and easy-to-use. Specifically, our framework uses a time discretization approach that: i) avoids repetitive simulations of the dynamic model, ii) enables fully algebraic model implementations and computation of derivatives, and iii) enables the use of computationally efficient nonlinear interior point solvers that exploit sparse and structured linear algebra techniques. We demonstrate these capabilities by solving estimation problems for synthetic human gut microbiome community models. We show that an instance with 156 parameters, 144 differential equations, and 1,704 experimental data points can be solved in less than 3 minutes using our proposed framework (while an off-the-shelf simulation-based solution framework requires over 7 hours). We also create large instances to show that the proposed framework is scalable and can solve problems with up to 2,352 parameters, 2,304 differential equations, and 20,352 data points in less than 15 minutes. Competing methods reported in the computational biology literature cannot address problems of this level of complexity. The proposed framework is flexible, can be broadly applied to dynamic models of biological systems, and enables the implementation of sophisticated estimation techniques to quantify parameter uncertainty, to diagnose observability/uniqueness issues, to perform model selection, and to handle outliers.Author summaryConstructing and validating dynamic models of biological systems spanning biomolecular networks to ecological systems is a challenging problem. Here we present a scalable computational framework to rapidly infer parameters in complex dynamic models of biological systems from large-scale experimental data. The framework was applied to infer parameters of a synthetic microbial community model from large-scale time series data. We also demonstrate that this framework can be used to analyze parameter uncertainty, to diagnose whether the experimental data are sufficient to uniquely determine the parameters, to determine the model that best describes the data, and to infer parameters in the face of data outliers.
Dynamic 3D tissue architecture directs BMP morphogen signaling duringDrosophilawing morphogenesis
Authors: Gui Jinghua , Huang Yunxian , Kracklauer Martin , Toddie-Moore Daniel , Kikushima Kenji , Nix Stephanie , Ishimoto Yukitaka , Shimmi Osamu 
Published: September 2018

SummaryAt the level of organ formation, tissue morphogenesis drives developmental processes in animals, often involving the rearrangement of two-dimensional (2D) structures into more complex three-dimensional (3D) tissues. These processes can be directed by growth factor signaling pathways. However, little is known about how such morphological changes affect the spatiotemporal distribution of growth factor signaling. Here, using theDrosophilapupal wing, we address how Decapentaplegic (Dpp) / Bone Morphogenetic Protein (BMP) signaling and 3D wing morphogenesis are coupled. Dpp, expressed in the longitudinal veins (LVs) of the pupal wing, initially diffuses laterally during the inflation stage to regulate cell proliferation. Dpp localization is then refined to the LVs within each epithelial plane, but with active interplanar signaling for vein patterning, as the two epithelia appose. Our data further suggest that the 3D architecture of the wing epithelia directs the spatial distribution of BMP signaling, revealing how 3D morphogenesis is an emergent property of the interactions between extracellular signaling and tissue shape changes.
Pervasive population genomic consequences of genome duplication inArabidopsis arenosa
Authors: Monnahan Patrick , Kolář Filip , Baduel Pierre , Sailer Christian , Koch Jordan , Horvath Robert , Laenen Benjamin , Schmickl Roswitha , Paajanen Pirita , Šrámková Gabriela , Bohutínská Magdalena , Arnold Brian , Weisman Caroline M. , Marhold Karol , Slotte Tanja , Bomblies Kirsten , Yant Levi 
Published: September 2018

AbstractPloidy-variable species allow direct inference of the effects of chromosome copy number on fundamental evolutionary processes. While an abundance of theoretical work suggests polyploidy should leave distinct population genomic signatures, empirical data remains sparse. We sequenced ∼300 individuals from 39 populations ofArabidopsis arenosa, a naturally diploid-autotetraploid species. We find the impacts of polyploidy on population genomic processes are subtle yet pervasive, including reduced efficiency on linked and purifying selection as well as rampant gene flow from diploids. Initial masking of deleterious mutations, faster rates of nucleotide substitution, and interploidy introgression all conspire to shape the evolutionary potential of polyploids.
Export behaviour in Chilean exporters in service sector
Authors: Etchebarne Soledad , Torres Zapata Isabel 
Published: September 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to describe and explain the export behaviour (EB) developed by the Chilean service sector exporter firms using longitudinal data, to contribute to the scarce literature in this field in emerging markets.

Design/methodology/approach
Chilean service sector exporter firms are studied through a longitudinal analysis (2006 to 2015) comparing EB (continual/discontinual exporters) with respect to market diversification (MD). Considering a quantitative hypothesis test, based on a t-test, comparing these two groups of firms, using STATA software.

Findings
According to this research, scarce MD promotes a discontinual export development process in Chilean service sector exporter firms.

Practical implications
It is important to define public policies focussed on maintaining exportation over time and also to support these firms in diversifying their markets.

Originality/value
This paper shows a means of analysis, using longitudinal data, to compare large groups of firms, describing the causes of the discontinual export development process. At the same time, it enhances the literature on service sector exporters.
An investigation of the domestic and foreign tourists’ museum visit experiences
Authors: Bideci Mujde , Albayrak Tahir 
Published: September 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to identify the main factors contributing to museum experience and assess the differences in museum experience perceptions of domestic and foreign tourists. Furthermore, examining the relationship between museum visit experience and overall satisfaction for the domestic and foreign tourists is another purpose of the paper.

Design/methodology/approach
Data collection was conducted using the convenience sampling method. The on-site survey was carried out with the participation of domestic and foreign tourists visiting Antalya Historical and Archaeological Museum in Turkey.

Findings
Analysis of data from 151 domestic and 151 foreign tourists visiting to Antalya Historical and Archaeological Museum indicated that edutainment, comfort, escape and aesthetic are the underlying dimensions of museum experience. The aesthetic dimension was identified as the most important aspect of the museum visit experience. In addition, museum visit perceptions of the domestic and foreign tourists and overall satisfactions with their visit were found to be different from each other.

Originality/value
The findings of this study provide a better understanding of the museum experience from the domestic and foreign tourists’ perspectives. Furthermore, the paper presents a novel and integrated approach to investigate tourist experiences in the extending museum experience literature.
Representation of cultural tourism on the Web: critical discourse analysis of tourism websites
Authors: Liasidou Sotiroula 
Published: September 2018

Purpose
Culture is an important motivation force to people within the context of tourism. It provides new opportunities for destinations to promote cultural elements and attract more travellers. This study aims to investigate how the cultural heritage of Cyprus is promoted online and to identify whether the needs of travellers who focus on experiential aspects and prioritise culture can be fulfilled.

Design/methodology/approach
The research aim is fulfilled through a critical discourse analysis of selected WebPages concerning representation of the culture of Cyprus within the tourism context.

Findings
Eighteen websites were included, and the results suggest that Cyprus has Web exposure specifically promoting its cultural heritage. However, the websites have been established with different tourism scopes, with culture comprising just one part of the content. Thus, the development of specialised websites is dedicated exclusively to culture and tourism, and it seems appropriate to attract travellers interested in more educational activities with cultural and historical value. This approach would bring many benefits because this cohort of travellers is in an upper-scale tourist market.

Originality/value
This study is original in nature because it brings together the case of Cyprus, an island destination highly depended on tourism in relation to cultural tourism Web discourse. The promotion of cultural parameters will provide more opportunities for the island and escape from the 3S’s (sea, sun and sand) image to be positioned as a culturally sustainable destination.
A roadmap for applying qualitative comparative analysis in supply chain research
Authors: Russo Ivan , Confente Ilenia , Gligor David , Cobelli Nicola 
Published: September 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to introduce qualitative comparative analysis (QCA) to the field of supply chain management and provide a detailed roadmap that supply chain researchers can utilize when applying this methodology.Design/methodology/approachData collection focused on the evaluation of product returns management practices as perceived by business customers who operate in a supplier–customer context. In order to analyze the data using the QCA approach, a multi-step analysis was developed.FindingsThe results indicate five solutions that lead to high levels of customer satisfaction. The existence of multiple sufficient configurations for customer satisfaction indicates equifinality because multiple alternative solutions can lead to the same outcome.Research limitations/implicationsThe authors make a methodological contribution by applying the QCA method to the field of supply chain management and providing a detailed roadmap that supply chain researchers can utilize.Practical implicationsThe authors provide managers five different and novel combinations of antecedents that lead to higher levels of customer satisfaction.Originality/valueThis study offers supply chain researchers a better understanding of when it is appropriate to use QCA and how to apply this methodology. From a theoretical perspective, past studies focused exclusively on the “net effects” of these antecedents, thus, did not capture the complexity of the relationships between these various antecedents and customer satisfaction. This is a noteworthy contribution as it highlights the complexity of the amalgam of relationships and factors that impact customer satisfaction within the context of reverse supply chain.
Strategic human resource management practices and organizational resilience
Authors: Bouaziz Fatma , Smaoui Hachicha Zouhour 
Published: September 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between strategic human resource management (SHRM) practices and organizational resilience in a Tunisian democratic transition context. It is hypothesized that five SHRM practices influence three organizational resilience dimensions.Design/methodology/approachThe research design is based on a deductive approach. The relations were checked over two periods by using quantitative methods. Questionnaires were addressed to top managers of resilient Tunisian companies. The hypotheses were verified after.FindingsResults showed that SHRM practices affect the resilience dimensions. Analysis showed that SHRM practices enhance the robustness of firms, especially in the second period, and significantly influence agility and integrity.Practical implicationsManagers can use these findings to develop targeted actions in HRM to enhance a specific resilience dimension. They can make better decisions based on knowledge surrounding the precise effects of SHRM practices on resilience dimensions.Originality/valueThe authors highlighted the role of SHRM in developing organizational resilience. Gaps were noticed in the organizational resilience literature. This research is among the rare studies that have investigated the linkage between SHRM practices and organizational resilience. By using quantitative methods and adopting a longitudinal perspective for analyzing data, it leads to better identify the evolution of the influence of SHRM practices on each resilience dimension over time.
How analyst recommendation change influences strategic change
Authors: Jiang Wan , Wang Linlin , Chu Zhaofang , Ma Xifang 
Published: September 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine how analyst recommendation change is associated with a firm’s magnitude of strategic change.Design/methodology/approachThis study argues that unfavorable analyst recommendation change serves as a powerful external assessment that current strategies are inappropriate and that changes are needed. This study also incorporates the moderating roles of CEO power and board’s informal hierarchy in the relationship between analyst recommendation change and firm’s magnitude of strategic change. Results from a sample of 824 observations generally support our predictions.FindingsThe findings of this study show that the greater the analysts downgrade for the company’s stock, the larger the magnitude of strategic change will be made. This study also considers the moderating roles of CEO power and the clarity of board’s informal hierarchy. In particular, the higher the CEO power, the weaker the relationship between analyst recommendation change and the magnitude of strategic change will be. The higher the clarity of board’s informal hierarchy, the more positive the relationship between analyst recommendation change and the magnitude of strategic change will be.Originality/valueIt extends research on the external predictors of strategic change by incorporating the role of unfavorable analyst recommendation change. In addition, it contributes to institutional theory by showing how external legitimacy pressure and internal corporate governance tool complement each other.
Operating without operations: how is technology changing the role of the firm?
Authors: Breidbach Christoph , Choi Sunmee , Ellway Benjamin , Keating Byron W. , Kormusheva Katerina , Kowalkowski Christian , Lim Chiehyeon , Maglio Paul 
Published: September 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to analyze the history and future of service operations, with the goal to identify key theoretical and technological advances, as well as fundamental themes that can help to imagine the future of service operations in 2050.Design/methodology/approachA review of the service operations literature was undertaken to inform a discussion regarding the role that technology will play in the future of service operations.FindingsThe future of service operations is framed in terms of three key themes – complexity, orchestration, and elasticity. The paper makes three contributions to the service science literature by: reviewing key themes underpinning extant service operations research to frame future trajectories of service operations research; elaborating a vision of service operations in 2050 based on history and technology; and outlining a research agenda for future service operations.Practical implicationsThe case of service automation is used to provide an illustration of how the three themes converge to define future service operations, and in particular, to show how technology is recasting the role of the firm.Originality/valueService operations in the next 30 years will be very different from what it was in the past 30 years. This paper differs from other review papers by identifying three key themes that will characterize and instill new insights into the future of service operations research.