bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Terminology and translation in Arabic
Authors: Hamzé Hassan 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Much of scientific and technical terminology is developed outside of the Arabic world. Therefore, translation, in all its various aspects, seems to be the only means of creating terminology in Arabic. Borrowings, derivations and semantic transfers are used by terminologists and translators, as each Arabic translator is also, by desire or by necessity, a terminologist. Consequently, Western terminological problems are rampant in Arabic. There are three reasons for the major shortcomings that characterize terminology in Arabic translations: (1) Western is consider terminology as an ideal terminology with a one-to-one relation between concept and term, (2) the linguistic aspect is considered as a priority because term is confused with concept, and (3) the terms in bilingual lists are considered as static units which are cut from the textual canvas in which they are used. Consequently, many translated texts are illegible or difficult to digest. There is an abundance of foreign terms and terms coined by individuals. Translation seems to be a mere transcoding operation.
There is nothing like Him
Authors: Allaithy Ahmed 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
This paper provides a syntactic, semantic and rhetorical (balāġi) analysis of the term-statement made in the Holy Qur’an 42:11, namely (لَيْسَ كَمِثْلِهِ شَيْءٌ) ‘laysa ka-mi̱tlihi-šay’un’, which may be loosely translated as ‘There is nothing like Him’ in reference to Allah (God). A method of analysis is established based upon consideration of the syntactic values of the components making up the structure of the term-statement or expression, and how they impact and/or dictate the overall meaning. This method of analysis is aimed to establish a methodology in determining the meaning of Qur’anic terminology in general. Issues involved and therefore, considered, are: the structure and the implications thereof, the concept of God in major religions in general and in Islam as manifested in the Qur’an in particular and the rhetorical aspects involved. Additionally, English translations of this term-statement are contrasted with the Arabic wording in order to determine if a more accurate translation may be reached.
The paper reveals that qur’anic term structure – based on analysis of Q42:11 – incorporates an inherent ‘manual’ outlining how the overall meaning should be derived and determined. This study offers in its conclusion two insightful and original contributions that have been completely overlooked by old as well as modern linguists, Qur’anic exegetes and translators alike. The result, in turn, is the provision of a more accurate English rendition of the Arabic term-statement under investigation. Proper understanding of Qur’anic term structure is bound to lead to better understanding of the Qur’anic message, and, in turn, results in improved translation.
Sufi terminology and aspects of interaction with symbols
Authors: Elyaboudi Khalid , Zahid Abdelhamid , Darir Hassane 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
The Sufi (mystical) experience is characterized by a constant quest for the divine secrets in the universe: the mysteries of life and death, soul and spirit, and the mind and the heart. This experience varies from one ʿĀrif (Gnostic, Sufi Knower) to another according to the relevant pattern of connection between the individual self (al-̱dāt al-fardiyya) of the Sufi and the global self of the supreme monism (al-ḏāt al-kulliyya li al-’uḥadiyya al-ʿulyā).
It is clear that the universe or existence itself provide innumerable symbols and unfathomable signs. It is not surprising then that the Sufi discourse is founded on the ‘symbol’, which is a problematic word whose meaning is hidden in common speech and is, therefore, only grasped by the Sufis. Synonymous with a sign, whose meaning is hidden from a speaker because it is so subtle, it is also synonymous with a ‘hint’.
Symbolism has spread through Sufi poetic and prose writings because it was needed. The Sufi express meanings and psychological sensations which are not within the expressive capacity of language. They long to transfer their experience, but this experience can only be expressed by using a set of symbols that hint but lack clarity.
In this article we address the symbols employed by the Sufis to express their thoughts in translating the set of facts and secrets that Allah revealed to them after a long struggle. We formulate the problematics of this research as follows: How was it possible for the people of the Sufi Order to resort to symbolism, which usually indicates ambiguity and secretiveness, in coining terms to name the concepts and ideas that are inspired to them or that penetrate their inner souls? In this regard, we raise the following questions: Is the symbol a sign? a term? a word? an icon? a signal? a subtlety? a fragment (šaḏara)? a piece of wisdom (ḥikma)? a proverb? a metaphor? or a case of polysemy? Or is it all of this at the same time? What criteria enable Sufi words to contain both symbolic and terminological dimensions? What is the role of context (or pragmatic field) in identifying the essence of the Sufi symbol? How can we uncover the nucleus of the symbol from its external shell? How can we unveil the essence of symbols? What is the best approach to study symbols? Can we reduce symbols to semantic features following Rastier (1987), to highlight their essential meaning and extract their original nucleus? Or is this deconstructive approach useless in our treatment of the multifaceted symbol?
We will consider orientalist approaches (through Louis Massignon’s model) in the study of Sufi terminological systems by identifying their links with Islamic and gnostic origins and considering their modes of transfer into Western languages.
Dynamics of solitons for nonlinear quantum walks
Authors: Maeda Masaya , Sasaki Hironobu , Segawa Etsuo , Suzuki Akito , Suzuki Kanako 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
We present some numerical results for nonlinear quantum walks (NLQWs) studied by the authors analytically (Maeda et al 2018 Discrete Contin. Dyn. Syst.
38 3687–3703; Maeda et al 2018 Quantum Inf. Process.
17 215). It was shown that if the nonlinearity is weak, then the long time behavior of NLQWs are approximated by linear quantum walks. In this paper, we observe the linear decay of NLQWs for range of nonlinearity wider than studied in (Maeda et al 2018 Discrete Contin. Dyn. Syst.
38 3687–3703). In addition, we treat the strong nonlinear regime and show that the solitonic behavior of solutions appears. There are several kinds of soliton solutions and the dynamics becomes complicated. However, we see that there are some special cases so that we can calculate explicit form of solutions. In order to understand the nonlinear dynamics, we systematically study the collision between soliton solutions. We can find a relationship between our model and a nonlinear differential equation.
Beyond Interlingual Translation: Transforming History, Corporeality, and Spatiality in Femi Osofisan’s Women of Owu
Authors: Aboluwade Ifeoluwa 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Building mostly on the seminal works of André Lefevere and Bassnett, recent work carried out in translation studies has problematized extant conceptions of translation and the distinction between various forms of creative rewritings. Similarly, individual scholars such as Katja Krebs and Laurence Raw in the field of adaptation studies have illuminated points of convergence and overlap between translation and adaptation. This article espouses and extends existing studies by explicating the redundancy of the borders constructed between translation and adaptation within the broader framework of Nigerian theatre and performance. Informed by a transdisciplinary approach adapted from multimodal social semiotics and literary studies, the author engages in analysis and close-readings of the play text and stage performance of Femi Osofisan’s Women of Owu (2004/2006) to investigate how translation transcends simple interlingual practice to encompass adaptations of the spatial, temporal and embodied aspects of societies and cultures.
Evidence-Based Abdominoplasty Review With Body Contouring Algorithm
Authors: Rosenfield Lorne K , Davis Christopher R 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Abdominal contour deformities are an aesthetic challenge to the plastic surgeon. Patients present with diverse clinical histories, multiple comorbidities, and unique aesthetic demands. Weight loss, previous pregnancy, and aging are 3 principal indications for abdominoplasty. Bariatric surgery has increased demand for body contouring procedures. This heterogeneous patient cohort means a “one-size-fits-all” abdominoplasty is not appropriate. Precise evaluation, evidence-based decision-making, and artistic acumen are required while balancing patient goals with safe, realistic, and long-lasting aesthetic outcomes. This article reviews surgical options for abdominal body contouring, providing an evidence-based treatment algorithm for selecting the appropriate procedure for each patient to maximize clinical and patient reported outcomes.
DIABLO: an integrative approach for identifying key molecular drivers from multi-omics assays
Authors: Singh Amrit , Shannon Casey P , Gautier Benoît , Rohart Florian , Vacher Michaël , Tebbutt Scott J , Lê Cao Kim-Anh 
Published: January 2019

AbstractMotivationIn the continuously expanding omics era, novel computational and statistical strategies are needed for data integration and identification of biomarkers and molecular signatures. We present Data Integration Analysis for Biomarker discovery using Latent cOmponents (DIABLO), a multi-omics integrative method that seeks for common information across different data types through the selection of a subset of molecular features, while discriminating between multiple phenotypic groups.ResultsUsing simulations and benchmark multi-omics studies, we show that DIABLO identifies features with superior biological relevance compared with existing unsupervised integrative methods, while achieving predictive performance comparable to state-of-the-art supervised approaches. DIABLO is versatile, allowing for modular-based analyses and cross-over study designs. In two case studies, DIABLO identified both known and novel multi-omics biomarkers consisting of mRNAs, miRNAs, CpGs, proteins and metabolites.Availability and implementationDIABLO is implemented in the mixOmics R Bioconductor package with functions for parameters’ choice and visualization to assist in the interpretation of the integrative analyses, along with tutorials on http://mixomics.org and in our Bioconductor vignette.Supplementary informationSupplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Ordino: a visual cancer analysis tool for ranking and exploring genes, cell lines and tissue samples
Authors: Streit Marc , Gratzl Samuel , Stitz Holger , Wernitznig Andreas , Zichner Thomas , Haslinger Christian 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

Summary
Ordino is a web-based analysis tool for cancer genomics that allows users to flexibly rank, filter and explore genes, cell lines and tissue samples based on pre-loaded data, including The Cancer Genome Atlas, the Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia and manually uploaded information. Interactive tabular data visualization that facilitates the user-driven prioritization process forms a core component of Ordino. Detail views of selected items complement the exploration. Findings can be stored, shared and reproduced via the integrated session management.

Availability and implementation
Ordino is publicly available at https://ordino.caleydoapp.org. The source code is released at https://github.com/Caleydo/ordino under the Mozilla Public License 2.0.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Harley William Moon (1936–2018)
Authors: Bertschinger Hans U , Duchesnes Christiane J , Mainil Jacques G , Pospischil Andreas , Nagy Béla 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT
Harley William Moon,DVM, Ph.D., an outstanding American person and researcher of comparative microbiology and pathology of intestinal diseases, the former director of the USDA, ARS, National Animal Disease Center (Iowa), of Plum Island Animal Disease Center (New York) and of Veterinary Research Institute of Iowa State University, member of the National Academy of Sciences (USA) passed away after some difficult and lonely last years of his life, on October 7, 2018 at the age of 82.
Integrating the scale of population processes into fisheries management, as illustrated in the sandeel, Ammodytes marinus
Authors: Wright P J , Christensen A , Régnier T , Rindorf A , van Deurs M 
Published: January 2019

AbstractAggregations of site-attached populations can show marked differences in density due to variation in local productivity and mortality processes. Matching management actions to the scale of biological processes is therefore important for sustainable fisheries management. This study examined the adequacy and appropriate scale of a spatially explicit management regime for sandeel, Ammodytes marinus, in the North Sea. Information from biophysical model simulations of larval transport and otolith chemistry was used to estimate the scale of mixing among aggregations. Together, these approaches indicated that there was negligible exchange of pre-settled sandeel among aggregations &gt;200 km apart. Additionally, a re-analysis of tag-recapture experiments and distribution data indicated that the dispersive range decreased further after settlement. Significant differences in length at maturity and year-class strength not only reflect the limited mixing across the North Sea, but also point to regional differences in productivity and thereby vulnerability to fishing pressure. We conclude that the current management regime comprised of multiple assessment areas enable these differences to be considered in advice on annual fishing quotas.
Likelihood of Smoking Among Cancer Survivors: An Updated Health Information National Trends Survey Analysis
Authors: Swoboda Christine M , Walker Daniel M , Huerta Timothy R 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

Introduction
Cancer survivors are at high risk for cancer reoccurrence, highlighting the importance of managing behavioral risk factors for cancer. Despite this risk, many cancer survivors continue to smoke cigarettes. This article describes the relationship between smoking behavior and demographic and clinical factors in cancer survivors.

Methods
Multinomial logistic regression of cross-sectional data from the Health Information National Trends Survey was conducted using combined data from years 2003, 2005, 2007, 2011, 2012, 2013, and 2014. Independent variables included age, cancer history, race, education level, marital status, insurance status, and data year; the dependent variable was smoking status (current vs. former or never).

Results
Cancer survivors were less likely to be current smokers but more likely to be former smokers than those with no history of cancer. Cancer survivors that currently smoked were more likely to have lower education levels, be divorced, separated, or single, or not have health insurance. Older cancer survivors, Hispanic, and non-Hispanic black survivors were less likely to smoke. Among cancer subgroups, prostate cancer survivors had the lowest rate (8.8%) of current smoking from 2011 to 2014, and cervical cancer survivors had the highest rate (31.1%).

Conclusions
Although those with no history of cancer had higher rates of current smoking, many subgroups of cancer survivors continued to smoke at higher rates than average cancer survivors. Cancer survivors that were younger, had lower education levels, were any marital status other than married or widowed, were uninsured, or survived cervical cancer were more likely to be smokers than other survivors.

Implications
It is important to understand which types of cancer survivors are at high risk of continued smoking to better inform tobacco dependence treatment interventions among those at high risk of cancer reoccurrence. Our findings suggest targeted tobacco dependence treatment efforts among cancer survivors should focus on survivors of cervical cancer and survivors that are young, unmarried, uninsured, or have lower education levels.
Head CT overuse in children with a mild traumatic brain injury within two Canadian emergency departments
Authors: Gariepy Martin , Gravel Jocelyn , Légaré France , Melnick Edward R , Hess Erik P , Witteman Holly O , Lelaidier-Hould Lania , Truchon Catherine , Sauvé Louise , Plante Patrick , Le Sage Natalie , Archambault Patrick M 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

Background
The validated Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Network (PECARN) rule helps determine the relevance of a head computerized tomography (CT) for children with mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). We sought to estimate the potential overuse of head CT within two Canadian emergency departments (EDs).

Methods
We conducted a retrospective chart review of children seen in 2016 in a paediatric Level I (site 1) and a general Level II (site 2) trauma centre. We reviewed charts to determine the appropriateness of head CT use according to the PECARN rule in a random subset of children presenting with head trauma. Simple descriptive statistics were applied.

Results
One thousand five hundred and forty-six eligible patients younger than 17 years consulted during the study period. Of the 203 randomly selected cases per setting, 16 (7.9%) and 24 (12%), respectively from sites 1 and 2 had a head CT performed. Based on the PECARN rule, we estimated the overuse for the younger group (&lt;2 years) to be below 3% for both hospitals without significant difference between them. For the older group (≥2 years), the overuse rate was higher at site 2 (9.3%, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 4.8 to 17% versus 1.2%, 95% CI: 0.2 to 6.5%, P=0.03).

Conclusion
Both EDs demonstrated overuse rates below 10% although it was higher for the older group at site 2. Such low rates can potentially be explained by the university affiliation of both hospitals and by two Canadian organizations working to raise awareness among physicians about the overuse of diagnostic tools and dangers inherent to radiation.
Management of acute loss of asthma control: yellow zone strategies
Authors: Polk Brooke I. , Dinakar Chitra 
Published: January 2019

Purpose of review
Asthma exacerbations are associated with a significant burden to both the individual patient and to the healthcare system. Patients often step-up home therapies in response to increased asthma symptoms, and the asthma action plan was created to empower patients to self-manage their asthma care. The yellow (intermediate) zone of the asthma action plan is frequently poorly defined, and current Expert Panel Report 3 guideline recommendations are not effective for all patients. This article reviews the evidence behind various recommended yellow zone intervention strategies.

Recent findings
There are many potential methods of delivering yellow zone therapy, and recent studies have assessed preventive efficacy of a scheduled increase in controller medication(s), reliever medication(s), or a symptom-driven combination of both. The literature suggests that, in certain asthma subpopulations, some methods may be more efficacious than others.

Summary
Multiple yellow zone approaches may be beneficial, and the yellow zone is not a ‘one size fits all’ narrative.
Phenotypes of wheezing and asthma in preschool children
Authors: Kwong Christina G. , Bacharier Leonard B. 
Published: January 2019

Purpose of review
The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of the identified phenotypes of preschool wheezing.

Recent findings
Early life wheezing patterns have been described in multiple populations, with several commonalities found between cohorts. Early life environmental exposures have been found to be differentially associated with preschool wheezing phenotypes and their future trajectories. These include allergen and microbe exposure, environmental tobacco smoke exposure, and maternal stress and depression. Elevated IgE in early life may also influence future asthma risk.

Summary
Preschool wheezing phenotypes are heterogeneous and complex, with trajectories that are related to factors including environmental exposures. More research is needed to characterize these relationships, hopefully leading to targeted prevention strategies.
Precision medicine in childhood asthma
Authors: Slob Elise M. , Maitland-Van der Zee Anke-Hilse , Koppelman Gerard H. , Pijnenburg Mariëlle W. 
Published: January 2019

Purpose of review
Childhood asthma is a heterogeneous disease and many children have uncontrolled disease. Therefore an individualized approach is needed to improve asthma outcomes in children. Precision medicine using clinical characteristics, biomarkers, and the rapidly involving field of genomics and pharmacogenomics aims to achieve asthma control and reduce future risks with less side-effects in individual children with asthma.

Recent findings
It is not yet possible to select treatment options on clinical characteristics. Novel monoclonal antibodies are efficacious in patients with severe, eosinophilic asthma. Reduced lung function growth and early decline is a prevalent finding in children with persistent asthma. Pharmacogenetic studies have identified children at risk for cortisol suppression when using inhaled corticosteroids.

Summary
Clinical characteristics and simple biomarkers like eosinophils, IgE, and the fraction of exhaled nitric oxide may be used in clinical practice for a basic precision medicine approach, deciding which children will have the best chance to respond to inhaled corticosteroids and to the biologicals omalizumab and mepolizumab.
Further application of pharmacogenomics and breathomics needs additional studies before they can be applied as tools for precision medicine in individual children with asthma.