bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SVM‐based hybrid approach for corridor‐level travel‐time estimation
Authors: Sharmila R.B. , Velaga Nagendra R. , Kumar Akhilesh 
Published: May 2019

The objective of this study is to develop an accurate model for corridor‐level travel‐time estimation. Different approaches, such as k‐nearest neighbour (k‐NN), gradient boosting decision tree (GBDT) and support vector machines (SVMs), were used in this study. Further, this study also developed a hybrid model combining a data‐driven approach (SVM) and a model‐based approach [particle filter (PF)] for corridor‐level travel‐time estimation. Both static and dynamic parameters, such as road geometry, intersection length, location information from Global Positioning System devices, dwell time etc. were used as influential factors for modelling. The proposed algorithm was tested on a study corridor of length 59.48 km, in the arterials of Mumbai, India. The data was collected using a probe‐vehicle technique for five days during the morning peak period (from 8.00 am to 11.00 am) for two modes (car and bus). The mean absolute percentage error values obtained for the hybrid model for the two modes were: 9.96 (car) and 11.24 (bus). The performance of the proposed hybrid (SVM‐PF) algorithm showed a clear improvement in accuracy in comparison to existing standard methods such as k‐NN, GBDT and SVM.
VSC HVDC active damping for the Sylwin 1 offshore wind power plants
Authors: Hernandez Manchola Alvaro , Priebe Torsten , Hölzer Michael , Dommaschk Mike 
Published: May 2019

SylWin1 is a VSC HVDC link connecting 864 MW offshore wind power generation to Germany's high voltage network. This paper presents a harmonic performance analysis of the offshore network carried out during the design and commissioning phase with a focus on the distortions at the 155 kV and 33 kV offshore networks caused by the amplification of harmonics generated by the HVDC and wind turbine converters. Low frequency harmonic amplification problems are mitigated by introducing active damping in the HVDC converter controls in order to achieve a cost effective solution with the aim of reducing offshore harmonic current and voltage distortions. The analysis was carried out with the help of detailed frequency domain model offline simulations of the offshore network and on‐site measurements.
First resolved observations of a highly asymmetric debris disc around HD 160305 with VLT/SPHERE
Authors: Perrot Clément , Thebault Philippe , Lagrange Anne-Marie , Boccaletti Anthony , Vigan Arthur , Desidera Silvano , Augereau Jean-Charles , Bonnefoy Mickael , Choquet Élodie , Kral Quentin , Loh Alan , Maire Anne-Lise , Ménard François , Messina Sergio , Olofsson Johan , Gratton Raffaele , Biller Beth , Brandner Wolfgang , Buenzli Esther , Chauvin Gaël , Cheetham Anthony , Daemgen Sebastien , Delorme Philippe , Feldt Markus , Lagadec Eric , Langlois Maud , Lannier Justine , Mesa Dino , Mouillet David , Peretti Sébastien , Janin-Potiron Pierre , Salter Graeme , Sissa Elena , Roux Alain , Llored Marc , Buey Jean-Tristan , Pavlov Alexei , Weber Luc , Petit Cyril 
Published: May 2019

Context. Direct imaging of debris discs gives important information about their nature, their global morphology, and allows us to identify specific structures possibly in connection with the presence of gravitational perturbers. It is the most straightforward technique to observe planetary systems as a whole.
Aims. We present the first resolved images of the debris disc around the young F-type star HD 160305, detected in scattered light using the VLT/SPHERE instrument in the near infrared.
Methods. We used a post-processing method based on angular differential imaging and synthetic images of debris discs produced with a disc modelling code (GRaTer) to constrain the main characteristics of the disc around HD 160305. All of the point sources in the field of the IRDIS camera were analysed with an astrometric tool to determine whether they are bound objects or background stars.
Results. We detect a very inclined (~82°) ring-like debris disc located at a stellocentric distance of about 86 au (deprojected width ~27 au). The disc displays a brightness asymmetry between the two sides of the major axis, as can be expected from scattering properties of dust grains. We derive an anisotropic scattering factor g > 0.5. A second right-left asymmetry is also observed with respect to the minor axis. We measure a surface brightness ratio of 0.73 ± 0.18 between the bright and the faint sides. Because of the low signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) of the images we cannot easily discriminate between several possible explanations for this left-right asymmetry, such as perturbations by an unseen planet, the aftermath of the breakup of a massive planetesimal, or the pericenter glow effect due to an eccentric ring. Two epochs of observations allow us to reject the companionship hypothesis for the 15 point sources present in the field.
Pituitary Disease in Pregnancy: Special Aspects of Diagnosis and Treatment?
Authors: Petersenn Stephan , Christ-Crain Mirjam , Droste Michael , Finke Reinhard , Flitsch Jörg , Kreitschmann-Andermahr Ilonka , Luger Anton , Schopohl Jochen , Stalla Günter 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe diagnosis and treatment of pituitary disease in pregnancy represents a special clinical challenge. Not least because there is very little data on the treatment of pregnant patients with pituitary disorders. A selective search of the literature was carried out with the aim of compiling evidence about the diagnosis and treatment of pituitary disease in pregnancy. The search covered the databases PubMed/MEDLINE including PubMed Central and also used the Livivo (ZB MED) search engine. Recent studies were evaluated for recommendations about the care of pregnant patients with hormone-inactive and hormone-active pituitary adenomas (prolactinoma, acromegaly and Cushingʼs disease), pituitary insufficiency, pituitary apoplexy and hypophysitis. The most well-established forms of treatment are for prolactinoma, due to the incidence of this disease and its impact on fertility. When pregnancy has been confirmed, prolactinoma treatment with dopamine agonists should be paused. Although microprolactinomas rarely increase significantly in size after the administration of dopamine agonists is discontinued, symptomatic tumor growth of macroprolactinomas can occur. In such cases, treatment with dopamine agonists can be resumed. If the primary tumor is large and the risk that it will continue to grow is high, it may be necessary to continue medical treatment from the start of pregnancy. If one of the partners has a pituitary disorder, it is often still possible for many couples to achieve their wish of having children if they receive medical support to plan and the pregnancy is carefully monitored. Given the complexity of pituitary disease, pregnant patients with pituitary disorders should be cared for and treated by a multidisciplinary team in centers specializing in the diagnosis and treatment of pituitary disease.
Die Verordnungen bei Asthma und COPD in Deutschland für die Jahre 2007, 2010, 2013, 2015 – 2017
Authors: Hausen T. 
Published: May 2019

ZusammenfassungAus den Verordnungszahlen einer statistisch relevanten Zahl von Hausärzten, Internisten und Pneumologen wurden die Zahlen der wichtigsten Substanzen/Substanzkombinationen für die Therapie bei Asthma und COPD extrahiert und analysiert.Die Verordnungszahlen über 10 Jahre belegen eine Zunahme von Präparaten mit inhalativer Applikationsform und eine Abnahme oral zu applizierender Präparate bei der Therapie von Asthma und COPD.Beim Asthma ist eine deutliche Zunahme antientzündlicher Pharmaka bei gleichzeitiger Abnahme von kurzwirksamen Beta-Agonisten zu beobachten. Die Verordnungen von kurzwirksamen Beta-Agonisten nehmen im Verhältnis zu und die von kurzwirksamen Muscarin-Antagonisten und kurzwirksamen Beta-Agonisten/kurzwirksamen Muscarin-Antagonisten ab.Bei der COPD belegen die Verordnungszahlen eine deutliche Zunahme für langwirksame Bronchodilatatoren und eine leichte Tendenz zur Abnahme von ICS-haltigen Präparaten. Letztere fällt aber so gering aus, dass unverändert eine erhebliche Übertherapie mit ICS bei der COPD zu befürchten ist. Die Verordnungen von kurzwirksamen Bronchodilatatoren steigen leicht an zu Ungunsten von kurzwirksamen Beta-Agonisten, und es gibt einen Rückgang von Verordnungen von kurzwirksamen Muscarin-Antagonisten und kurzwirksamen Beta-Agonisten/kurzwirksamen Muscarin-Antagonisten.
Epidemiologie, Klinik, Diagnostik und Therapie von Infektionen durch Mycobacterium chimaera
Authors: Becker S. L. , Schlotthauer U. , Schäfers H.-J. , Bals R. , Trudzinski F. C. 
Published: May 2019

ZusammenfassungDie Erkennung, Diagnosestellung und Behandlung von Infektionen durch atypische Mykobakterien stellen eine besondere klinische Herausforderung dar. Über invasive Erkrankungen durch das zum Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare complex gehörige Mycobacterium chimaera wurde in den letzten Jahren vermehrt berichtet, insbesondere bei Patienten nach kardiochirurgischen Operationen mit Thorakotomie. Es konnte nachgewiesen werden, dass diese Infektionen durch eine intraoperative, Aerosol-gebundene Übertragung des Pathogens über kontaminierte Hypothermiegeräte (Heater-Cooler-Units), die zum Betrieb von Herz-Lungen-Maschinen eingesetzt werden, zu erklären waren. Es handelt sich dabei um ein weltweites Ausbruchsgeschehen mit bisher etwa 120 diagnostizierten Fällen, wobei die Latenz zwischen Exposition und dem Auftreten erster Symptome häufig mehrere Jahre beträgt. Das klinische Bild einer M. chimaera-Infektion ist mannigfaltig und kann neben Endokarditis oder Implantat-assoziierten Prozessen auch mit nicht kardialer Manifestation (z. B. Sarkoidose-ähnliches Krankheitsbild, Spondylodiscitis, Chorioretinitis) einhergehen. Die Diagnosestellung erfolgt über den Erregernachweis aus speziellen Blutkulturen oder intraoperativen Gewebeproben, insofern eine spezifische mikrobiologische Testung auf Mykobakterien angefordert wird. Ein noninvasives Testverfahren steht nicht zur Verfügung, sodass bei entsprechender Exposition bei Patienten mit passender Klinik aktiv an diese Erkrankung gedacht werden sollte. Die Behandlung von M. chimaera-Infektionen erfordert neben der Entfernung infizierter Implantate eine prolongierte antimykobakterielle Kombinationstherapie. Dieser Übersichtsartikel stellt die aktuelle Bedeutung, Epidemiologie, klinische Symptomatik, Diagnostik und Therapie von M. chimaera-Infektionen für Pneumologen zusammenfassend dar.
Optical edge detection based on high-efficiency dielectric metasurface
Authors: Zhou Junxiao , Qian Haoliang , Chen Ching-Fu , Zhao Junxiang , Li Guangru , Wu Qianyi , Luo Hailu , Wen Shuangchun , Liu Zhaowei 
Published: May 2019

Significance
Edge detection is a fundamental tool in image processing, computing, and machine vision. Compared with digital processes, optical analog approaches show enormous advantages owing to its intrinsic parallel nature for high-speed operation. Recently, optical metamaterials and metasurfaces have performed edge detection via analog spatial differentiation, which shows superior integration capability compared with the traditional bulky system. Unfortunately, experimental realization of optical-edge detection with metamaterials and metasurfaces remains challenging based on previous theoretical proposals. Here, we demonstrated a mechanism to realize an optical spatial differentiator consisting of a designed metasurface sandwiched by two orthogonally aligned linear polarizers. This approach relies on spin-orbit interaction of light and the metasurface, showing versatile edge-detection capability with exceptional quality.
Microsecond and millisecond dynamics in the photosynthetic protein LHCSR1 observed by single-molecule correlation spectroscopy
Authors: Kondo Toru , Gordon Jesse B. , Pinnola Alberta , Dall’Osto Luca , Bassi Roberto , Schlau-Cohen Gabriela S. 
Published: May 2019

Significance
Protein flexibility is essential for the robustness of biological systems, yet the dynamics underlying this flexibility are difficult to observe, because they are small, fast, and stochastic. Photoprotection in plants is critical for robust growth under highly variable sunlight, but the complexity of photosynthetic proteins means that identifying conformational states and dynamics responsible is challenging. Here, we develop a method using the correlation function of the fluorescence lifetime to characterize multiple dynamical processes in single proteins. By applying this method to the protein Light-Harvesting Complex Stress Related 1 (LHCSR1), we identify two local protein motions that control quenching of excess sunlight, which is a photoprotective effect. Our analytical approach enables a structure-based understanding of the photoprotective mechanisms in green plants.
Stabilizing the metastable superhard material wurtzite boron nitride by three-dimensional networks of planar defects
Authors: Chen Chunlin , Yin Deqiang , Kato Takeharu , Taniguchi Takashi , Watanabe Kenji , Ma Xiuliang , Ye Hengqiang , Ikuhara Yuichi 
Published: May 2019

Significance
Metastable high-pressure materials often possess outstanding properties. However, the stabilization of metastable high-pressure materials usually is challenging due to the very low kinetic barrier for the transformation back to ambient phases. Wurtzite boron nitride (w-BN) is a metastable high-pressure polymorph of BN, which can only be fabricated as micrometer-size powders by the shock compression of hexagonal BN. Here, we fabricate millimeter-size w-BN bulk crystals and reveal an unprecedented stabilization mechanism for w-BN. We find that the metastable high-pressure phase can be stabilized by 3D networks of planar defects. Our findings unambiguously demonstrate the retarding effect of crystal defects on the phase transformations of metastable materials.
Concepts and tools for mechanism and selectivity analysis in synthetic organic electrochemistry
Authors: Costentin Cyrille , Savéant Jean-Michel 
Published: May 2019

Significance
It seems opportune to accompany the present revival of synthetic organic electrochemistry by drawing attention of synthetic chemists to the heterogeneous nature of electrochemical reactions. Quantitative analysis of the successive layers in between working electrode and solution––electrical double layer, forced convection–diffusion layer, and reaction–diffusion layers––allows the mastering of the relationships between mechanism and product selectivity. The multiple connections between catalysis and electrochemical reactions are emphasized and illustrated by typical examples. Advantage is taken of the recent advances in activation of small molecules in response to modern energy and environment challenges with extension to synthetic organic electrochemical reactions.
Chaperone-mediated reflux of secretory proteins to the cytosol during endoplasmic reticulum stress
Authors: Igbaria Aeid , Merksamer Philip I. , Trusina Ala , Tilahun Firehiwot , Johnson Jeffrey R. , Brandman Onn , Krogan Nevan J. , Weissman Jonathan S. , Papa Feroz R. 
Published: May 2019

Significance
Approximately one-third of eukaryotic proteins are synthesized on ribosomes attached to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane. Many of these polypeptides co- or posttranslationally translocate into the ER, wherein they fold and mature. An ER quality control system proofreads these proteins by facilitating their folding and modification, while eliminating misfolded proteins through ER-associated degradation (ERAD). Yet the fate of many secretory proteins during ER stress is not completely understood. Here, we uncovered an ER stress-induced “protein reflux” system that delivers intact, folded ER luminal proteins back to the cytosol without degrading them. We found that ER protein reflux works in parallel with ERAD and requires distinct ER-resident and cytosolic chaperones and cochaperones.
Are You Estimating the Right Thing? An Editor Reflects
Authors: Gibson John 
Published: May 2019

AbstractA key aspect of applied economics over the last decade has been the status accorded to research designs that may credibly identify causal effects. Without such designs, one may not estimate the right thing and publishing options may be limited. Yet situations where reported results are not for parameters that researchers think they have identified are potentially more widespread than what is usually considered in discussion of research designs or identification strategies. I give five examples of applied practice where what is estimated may not identify what is wanted. Each practice came up in submissions I handled as co‐editor of an agricultural economics journal, and these issues seem common in applied work. A narrow focus on identification strategies may lead to the neglect of these examples, and of other productive ways to improve the credibility and usefulness of applied economics research.
Steps in the Tumen River
Authors: Song Nianshen 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
This article records my field experiences with the Tumen River, which forms the boundary between China and Korea. Based on my field notes at three different locations—the river mouth, where territories belonging to China, North Korea, and Russia adjoin; a small town midway along the river where pioneer Korean immigrants risked their lives to cross the border; and the “source” of the contemporary border in a dense mountain forest—my narrative links historical memories of the Tumen border from the seventeenth century to the present. The trips, which were taken over the course of thirteen years, urged me to inquire about and rethink the meaning of state borders from the perspective of local residents, trespassers, and the environment. The article questions the popular notion that boundaries are naturally formed, static, and always clearly defined. On the contrary, they are arbitrarily made, fluid, and often ambiguous. As my physical and intellectual journey along this river revealed the humanistic aspect of boundaries, I myself completed a transformation from journalist to historian.
Experimental ‘morphogenesis in miniature’ illuminates the evolution and development of pollen wall patterns. A commentary on: ‘Mimicking pollen and spore walls: self-assembly in action’
Authors: Blackmore Stephen 
Published: May 2019

This article comments on:
Nina I. Gabarayeva, Valentina V. Grigorjeva and Alexey L. Shavarda. 2019. Mimicking pollen and spore walls: self-assembly in action. Annals of Botany 123(7): 1205–1218.
The effects of microhabitat specialization on mating communication in a wolf spider
Authors: Rosenthal Malcolm F , Hebets Eileen A , Kessler Benji , McGinley Rowan , Elias Damian O 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Animal signals experience selection for detectability, which is determined in large part by the signal transmission properties of the habitat. Understanding the ecological context in which communication takes place is therefore critical to understanding selection on the form of communication signals. In order to determine the influence of environmental heterogeneity on signal transmission, we focus on a wolf spider species native to central Florida, Schizocosa floridana, in which males court females using a substrate-borne vibratory song. We test the hypothesis that S. floridana is a substrate specialist by 1) assessing substrate use by females and males in the field, 2) quantifying substrate-specific vibratory signal transmission in the laboratory, and 3) determining substrate-specific mating success in the laboratory. We predict a priori that 1) S. floridana restricts its signaling to oak litter, 2) oak litter best transmits their vibratory signal, and 3) S. floridana mates most readily on oak litter. We find that S. floridana is almost exclusively found on oak litter, which was found to attenuate vibratory courtship signals the least. Spiders mated with equal frequency on oak and pine, but did not mate at all on sand. Additionally, we describe how S. floridana song contains a novel component, chirps, which attenuate more strongly than its other display components on pine and sand, but not on oak, suggesting that the ways in which the environment relaxes restrictions on signal form may be as important as the ways in which it imposes them.
Consistency and overfitting of multi-omics methods on experimental data
Authors: McCabe Sean D , Lin Dan-Yu , Love Michael I 
Published: May 2019

AbstractKnowledge on the relationship between different biological modalities (RNA, chromatin, etc.) can help further our understanding of the processes through which biological components interact. The ready availability of multi-omics datasets has led to the development of numerous methods for identifying sources of common variation across biological modalities. However, evaluation of the performance of these methods, in terms of consistency, has been difficult because most methods are unsupervised. We present a comparison of sparse multiple canonical correlation analysis (Sparse mCCA), angle-based joint and individual variation explained (AJIVE) and multi-omics factor analysis (MOFA) using a cross-validation approach to assess overfitting and consistency. Both large and small-sample datasets were used to evaluate performance, and a permuted null dataset was used to identify overfitting through the application of our framework and approach. In the large-sample setting, we found that all methods demonstrated consistency and lack of overfitting; however, in the small-sample size setting, AJIVE provided the most stable results. We provide an R package so that our framework and approach can be applied to evaluate other methods and datasets.
Statistical test of structured continuous trees based on discordance matrix
Authors: Bai Xiangqi , Ma Liang , Wan Lin 
Published: May 2019

Abstract

Motivation
Cell fate determination is a continuous process in which one cell type diversifies to other cell types following a hierarchical path. Advancements in single-cell technologies provide the opportunity to reveal the continuum of cell progression which forms a structured continuous tree (SCTree). Computational algorithms, which are usually based on a priori assumptions on the hidden structures, have previously been proposed as a means of recovering pseudo trajectory along cell differentiation process. However, there still lack of statistical framework on the assessments of intrinsic structure embedded in high-dimensional gene expression profile. Inherit noise and cell-to-cell variation underlie the single-cell data, however, pose grand challenges to testing even basic structures, such as linear versus bifurcation.

Results
In this study, we propose an adaptive statistical framework, termed SCTree, to test the intrinsic structure of a high-dimensional single-cell dataset. SCTree test is conducted based on the tools derived from metric geometry and random matrix theory. In brief, by extending the Gromov–Farris transform and utilizing semicircular law, we formulate the continuous tree structure testing problem into a signal matrix detection problem. We show that the SCTree test is most powerful when the signal-to-noise ratio exceeds a moderate value. We also demonstrate that SCTree is able to robustly detect linear, single and multiple branching events with simulated datasets and real scRNA-seq datasets. Overall, the SCTree test provides a unified statistical assessment of the significance of the hidden structure of single-cell data.

Availability and implementation
SCTree software is available at https://github.com/XQBai/SCTree-test.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.