bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of a Food Frequency Questionnaire for Assessing Dietary Intake in Children and Adolescents in South America
Authors: Saravia Luisa , González‐Zapata Laura I. , Rendo‐Urteaga Tara , Ramos Jamile , Collese Tatiana Sadalla , Bove Isabel , Delgado Carlos , Tello Florencia , Iglesia Iris , Gonçalves Sousa Ederson Dassler , De Moraes Augusto César Ferreira , Carvalho Heráclito Barbosa , Moreno Luis A. 
Published: February 2018

ObjectiveThis study aimed to describe the development of a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) to assess dietary intake in South American children and adolescents.MethodsA total of 345 children (aged 3‐10 years) and 357 adolescents (aged 11‐17 years) were included for analysis. The FFQ was designed to be self‐administered and to assess dietary intake over the past 3 months. It was developed in Spanish and translated into Portuguese. Multiple approaches were considered to compile the food list, and 11 food groups were included. A food photo booklet was produced as supporting material.ResultsThe FFQ items maintained a common core list among centers (47 items) and country‐specific foods. The FFQ for Buenos Aires and Lima had a total of 63 items; there were 55 items for the FFQ in Medelin, 60 items for Montevideo, 58 items for Santiago, 67 items for Sao Paulo, and 68 items for Teresina. Alcohol was also incorporated in the adolescents' FFQ.ConclusionsWe developed a semiquantitative, culturally adapted FFQ to assess dietary intake in children and adolescents in South America. It has an optimal size allowing its completion in a high proportion of the population; therefore, it can be used in epidemiological studies with South American children and adolescents.
Reliability and Validity of a Questionnaire for Physical Activity Assessment in South American Children and Adolescents: The SAYCARE Study
Authors: Nascimento‐Ferreira Marcus Vinícius , De Moraes Augusto César Ferreira , Toazza‐Oliveira Paulo Vinícius , Forjaz Claudia L.M. , Aristizabal Juan Carlos , Santaliesra‐Pasías Alba M. , Lepera Candela , Nascimento‐Junior Walter Viana , Skapino Estela , Delgado Carlos Alberto , Moreno Luis Alberto , Carvalho Heráclito Barbosa 
Published: February 2018

ObjectiveThe objective of this article is to test the reliability and validity of the new and innovative physical activity (PA) questionnaire.MethodsSubsamples from the South American Youth/Child Cardiovascular and Environment Study (SAYCARE) study were included to examine its reliability (children: n = 161; adolescents: n = 177) and validity (children: n = 82; adolescents: n = 60). The questionnaire consists of three dimensions of PA (leisure, active commuting, and school) performed during the last week. To assess its validity, the subjects wore accelerometers for at least 3 days and 8 h/d (at least one weekend day). The reliability was analyzed by correlation coefficients. In addition, Bland‐Altman analysis and a multilevel regression were applied to estimate the measurement bias, limits of agreement, and influence of contextual variables.ResultsIn children, the questionnaire showed consistent reliability (ρ = 0.56) and moderate validity (ρ = 0.46), and the contextual variable variance explained 43.0% with −22.9 min/d bias. In adolescents, the reliability was higher (ρ = 0.76) and the validity was almost excellent (ρ = 0.88), with 66.7% of the variance explained by city level with 16.0 min/d PA bias.ConclusionsThe SAYCARE PA questionnaire shows acceptable (in children) to strong (in adolescents) reliability and strong validity in the measurement of PA in the pediatric population from low‐ to middle‐income countries.
CD Obesity‐Prone Rats, but not Obesity‐Resistant Rats, Robustly Ferment Resistant Starch Without Increased Weight or Fat Accretion
Authors: Obanda Diana , Page Ryan , Guice Justin , Raggio Anne M. , Husseneder Claudia , Marx Brian , Stout Rhett W. , Welsh David A. , Taylor Christopher M. , Luo Meng , Blanchard Eugene E. , Bendiks Zach , Coulon Diana , Keenan Michael J. 
Published: February 2018

ObjectiveThis study used CD obesity‐prone (OP) and obesity‐resistant (OR) rats to examine how weight gain and fat accretion relate to fermentation levels and microbiota composition after feeding resistant starch (RS).MethodsAfter feeding OP rats and OR rats a high‐fat (HF) diet for 4 weeks, rats were stratified into three groups: they were fed either an HF diet (group 1: HF‐HF) or were switched to a low‐fat (LF) diet (group 2: HF‐LF) or an LF diet supplemented with 20% RS by weight for 4 weeks (group 3: HF‐LFRS). Energy intake, body weight, fermentation variables, and microbiota composition were determined.ResultsIn OP rats, RS elicited robust fermentation (increased cecal contents, short‐chain fatty acids, and serum glucagon‐like peptide 1). Total bacteria, species of the Bacteroidales family S24‐7, and the archaean Methanobrevibacter smithii increased. The robust fermentation did not elicit higher weight or fat accretion when compared with that of control rats fed the same isocaloric diets (HF‐LF ± RS). In OR rats, body weight and fat accretion were also not different between HF‐LF ± RS diets, but RS elicited minimal changes in fermentation and microbiota composition.ConclusionsRobust fermentation did not contribute to greater weight. Fermentation levels and changes in microbiota composition in response to dietary RS differed by obesity phenotype.
Evaluation of an exercise programme for post‐bariatric surgery patients: views of participants
Authors: Gill D. L. , Fasczewski K. S. , Reifsteck E. J. , Rothberger S. M. , Davis P. G. 
Published: February 2018

SummaryObjectiveExercise programmes typically are evaluated with fitness assessments and psychological survey measures but seldom include participants' insights. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the benefits, facilitators and barriers of a 12‐week exercise programme for post‐bariatric surgery patients from the participants' perspective.MethodOver a 2‐year period, 20 patients recently having undergone bariatric surgery completed a 12‐week programme that included participation in structured exercise and in focus groups designed to supplement standard evaluation data and provide insight into participants' views.ResultsParticipants were highly adherent to the programme, and focus group results reflected a clear positive evaluations. Benefits included helpful information, developing commitment, physical fitness and social support; notably, weight was seldom mentioned. Participants cited structure, accountability and group support as facilitators of exercise. Participants cited few barriers, although very few had set plans for continuing exercise after programme completion.ConclusionParticipants saw many benefits to the exercise programme, and those benefits reflected lifestyle changes rather than a focus on weight. Programme structure, accountability and the support of the group were facilitators to exercise. Participants cited few barriers. However, the lack of plans for continued exercise suggested the need for a transition phase to help participants continue an active lifestyle after the 12‐week structured programme.
Breaking the oncostatin M feed‐forward loop to suppress metastasis and therapy failure
Authors: Smigiel Jacob , Parvani Jenny G , Tamagno Ilaria , Polak Kelsey , Jackson Mark W 
Published: February 2018

AbstractDeciphering the complex milieu that makes up the tumor microenvironment (TME) and the signaling engaged by TME cytokines continues to provide novel targets for therapeutic intervention. The IL‐6 family member oncostatin M (OSM) has recently emerged as a potent driver of tumorigenesis, metastasis, and therapy failure, molecular programs most frequently attributed to IL‐6 itself. In a recent issue of The Journal of Pathology, Kucia‐Tran et al describe how elevated oncostatin M receptor (OSMR) expression results in a feed‐forward loop involving the de novo production of both OSM and OSMR to facilitate aggressive properties in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Here, we discuss how new findings implicating OSM in conferring aggressive cancer cell properties can be leveraged to suppress metastatic outgrowth and therapy failure in SCC as well as other cancers. Copyright © 2018 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
LC‐MS based metabolic and metabonomic studies of Panax ginseng
Authors: Wu Wei , Jiao Chuanxi , Li Hui , Ma Yue , Jiao Lili , Liu Shuying 
Published: February 2018

AbstractIntroductionPanax ginseng has received much attention as a valuable health supplement with medicinal potential. Its chemical diversity and multiple pharmacological properties call for comprehensive methods to better understand the effects of ginseng and ginsenosides. Liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry (LC‐MS) based metabonomic approaches just fit the purpose.ObjectiveAims to give a review of recent progress on LC‐MS based pharmacokinetic, metabolic, and phytochemical metabolomic studies of ginseng, and metabonomic studies of ginseng intervention effects.MethodsThe review has four sections: the first section discusses metabolic studies of ginsenosides based on LC‐MS, the second focuses on ginsenoside‐drug interactions and pharmacokinetic interaction between herb compounds based on LC‐MS, the third is phytochemical metabolomic studies of ginseng based on LC‐MS, and the fourth deals with metabonomic studies of ginseng intervention effects based on LC‐MS.ResultsLC‐MS based metabonomic research on ginseng include analysis of single ginsenoside and total ginsenosides. The theory of multi‐components and multi‐targeted mechanisms helps to explain ginseng effects.ConclusionLC‐MS based metabonomics is a promising way to comprehensively assess ginseng. It is valuable for quality control and mechanism studies of ginseng.
A case of prenatal isolated talipes and 22q11.2 deletion syndrome—an important chromosomal disorder missed by noninvasive prenatal screening
Authors: Cheung Ka Wang , Lai Carman Wing Sze , Mak Christopher Chun Yu , Hui Pui Wah , Chung Brian Hon Yin , Kan Anita Sik Yau 
Published: February 2018

What's already known about this topic?

NIPS is commonly used to screen for chromosomal abnormality. The test can be extended to screen for microdeletions such as 22q11.2 deletion syndrome.
What does this study add?

We present a case of 22q11.2 deletion syndrome missed by NIPS in a fetus with isolated bilateral talipes. Clinicians should be aware of the controversy surrounding the use of NIPS for 22q11.2 deletion syndrome and that a negative test does not exclude the diagnosis.
Oat of this world: Defining peptide markers for detection of oats in processed food
Authors: Dawson Charlotte , Mendoza‐Porras Omar , Byrne Keren , Hooper Thomas , Howitt Crispin , Colgrave Michelle 
Published: February 2018

AbstractPeople affected by Coeliac disease rely on the purity and accurate labeling of food products in order to follow a strict gluten‐free diet, the only treatment for Coeliac disease. The safety of oats in the gluten‐free diet remains controversial because they contain the gluten‐like avenins. In the present study, global proteomic analyses were performed via LC‐MS/MS on gluten‐enriched fractions extracted from 22 diverse oat cultivars. A panel of oat peptides was assessed using multiple‐reaction monitoring mass spectrometry to define peptide markers that were unique to oats but were present in all 22 oat cultivars. The method was successfully applied to: (1) the detection of oat contamination in spelt, rice, rye, and buckwheat flours; and (2) the analysis of 7 highly processed commercial food products. The oat peptide markers were detected at high levels in a breakfast cereal and a muesli where oats were a named ingredient, but the presence of oats was also noted in 3 of the 5 breakfast cereals where oats were not named as an ingredient. LC‐MS/MS represents a rapid, sensitive, robust and reproducible method for detecting oat contamination in both processed and unprocessed foods.
Post‐polymerization modification of bio‐based polymers: maximizing the high functionality of polymers derived from biomass
Authors: Farmer Thomas J , Comerford James W , Pellis Alessandro , Robert Tobias 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThe renaissance of the bio‐based chemical industry over the last 20 years has seen an ever growing interest in the synthesis of new bio‐based polymers. The building blocks of these new polymers, so called platform molecules, contain significantly more chemical functionality than their petrochemical counterparts (such as ethene, propene and para‐xylene). As a result bio‐based polymers often contain greater residual chemical functionality in their chains, with groups such as alkenes and hydroxyls commonly observed. These functional groups can act as sites for post‐polymerization modification (PPM), thus further extending the range of applications for bio‐based polymers by tailoring the polymers' final properties. This mini‐review highlights some of the most recent and compelling examples of how to make use of bio‐based polymers with residual functional groups for PPM. It also looks at how the emerging interdisciplinary field of enzymatic polymer synthesis allows for increased functionality in polymers by avoiding side‐reactions as a result of milder reaction conditions, and additionally offers an alternative means of polymer surface modification. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Proteogenomic Analysis to Identify Missing Proteins from Haploid Cell Lines
Authors: Lee Seung‐Eun , Song JongKeon , Bösl Korbinian , Müller André C. , Vitko Dijana , Bennett Keiryn L. , Superti‐Furga Giulio , Pandey Akhilesh , Kandasamy Richard K. , Kim Min‐Sik 
Published: February 2018

AbstractChromosome‐centric Human Proteome Project aims at identifying and characterizing protein products encoded from all human protein‐coding genes. As of early 2017, 19 837 protein‐coding genes have been annotated in the neXtProt database including 2691 missing proteins that have never been identified by mass spectrometry. Missing proteins may be low abundant in many cell types or expressed only in a few cell types in human body such as sperms in testis. In this study, we performed expression proteomics of two near‐haploid cell types such as HAP1 and KBM‐7 to hunt for missing proteins. Proteomes from the two haploid cell lines were analyzed on an LTQ Orbitrap Velos, producing a total of 200 raw mass spectrometry files. After applying 1% false discovery rates at both levels of peptide‐spectrum matches and proteins, more than 10 000 proteins were identified from HAP1 and KBM‐7, resulting in the identification of nine missing proteins. Next, unmatched spectra were searched against protein databases translated in three frames from noncoding RNAs derived from RNA‐Seq data, resulting in six novel protein‐coding regions after careful manual inspection. This study demonstrates that expression proteomics coupled to proteogenomic analysis can be employed to identify many annotated and unannotated missing proteins.
Improving the fluorescent probe acridonylalanine through a combination of theory and experiment
Authors: Sungwienwong Itthipol , Ferrie John J. , Jun Joomyung V. , Liu Chunxiao , Barrett Taylor M. , Hostetler Zachary M. , Ieda Naoya , Hendricks Amara , Muthusamy Anand K. , Kohli Rahul M. , Chenoweth David M. , Petersson George A. , Petersson E. James 
Published: February 2018

AbstractAcridonylalanine (Acd) is a useful fluorophore for studying proteins by fluorescence spectroscopy, but it can potentially be improved by being made longer wavelength or brighter. Here, we report the synthesis of Acd core derivatives and their photophysical characterization. We also performed ab initio calculations of the absorption and emission spectra of Acd derivatives, which agree well with experimental measurements. The amino acid aminoacridonylalanine (Aad) was synthesized in forms appropriate for genetic incorporation and peptide synthesis. We show that Aad is a superior Förster resonance energy transfer acceptor to Acd in a peptide cleavage assay and that Aad can be activated by an aminoacyl tRNA synthetase for genetic incorporation. Together, these results show that we can use computation to design enhanced Acd derivatives, which can be used in peptides and proteins.
Calculations of the relative energies of the low‐lying electronic states of 2,7‐naphthoquinodimethane and 2,7‐naphthoquinone. Substitution of oxygen for CH2 is predicted to increase the singlet‐triplet energy difference (ΔEST)
Authors: Hrovat David A. , Wang Xue‐Bin , Borden Weston Thatcher 
Published: February 2018

Abstract(12/12)CASSCF and CASPT2 calculations have been performed on the triplet and two lowest‐lying singlet states of the 2,7‐naphthoquinodimethane (NQDM) and 2,7‐naphthoquinone (NQ) diradicals. Both diradicals are predicted to have triplet ground states but to differ in the ordering of the two lowest singlet states, with E(1A1) < E(1B2) in NQDM, but E(1A1) > E(1B2) in NQ. The reason for the difference in ordering of the singlet states in these two diradicals is discussed. The state reordering is shown to be responsible for the prediction that the substitution of the oxygens in NQ for the CH2 groups in NQDM increases, rather than decreases, the singlet‐triplet energy separation (ΔEST).
Posttraumatic growth in head and neck cancer survivors: Is it possible and what are the correlates?
Authors: Sharp Linda , Redfearn Devon , Timmons Aileen , Balfe Myles , Patterson Joanne 
Published: February 2018

AbstractObjectivesPosttraumatic growth (PTG) is a possible positive consequence of a traumatic event, such as cancer. Head and neck cancer (HNC) may be particularly traumatic, given its adverse effects on functional, psychological, and social wellbeing. We investigated the extent of PTG, factors associated with PTG, and associations between PTG and health‐related quality‐of‐life (HRQoL) in HNC survivors.MethodsHNC survivors (ICD10 C00‐C14, C32), identified from the population‐based National Cancer Registry Ireland, completed a postal survey. PTG was assessed using the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory (PTG‐I) and HRQoL with FACT‐G and FACT‐H&N. Associations between socio‐economic characteristics, social support, and clinical variables and PTG were examined using multivariable linear regression. Total HRQoL scores were compared in those with none‐low PTG vs moderate‐high PTG.ResultsA total of 583 survivors participated (response rate = 59%). The mean PTG score was 55.74 (95%CI 53.15‐58.33); 60% had moderate‐high PTG. Survivors scored highest in the PTG‐I domain appreciation of life. In multivariable analysis, being female, being younger, having more social support, and having cancer‐related financial stress were significantly associated with more PTG. HRQoL was significantly higher in those with moderate‐high than no‐little PTG (P < .01).ConclusionsA notable proportion of HNC survivors report PTG but growth is, on average, lower than reported for other cancers. Nonetheless, higher PTG appears related to better HRQoL. Further research would be valuable to understand the pathways by which HNC may lead to PTG and inform development of strategies to support and encourage PTG in this survivor population.
The relationship between inflammation and remodeling in childhood asthma: A systematic review
Authors: Castro‐Rodriguez Jose A. , Saglani Sejal , Rodriguez‐Martinez Carlos E. , Oyarzun Maria A. , Fleming Louis , Bush Andrew 
Published: February 2018

ObjectivesWe aimed to perform a systematic review of all studies with direct measurements of both airway inflammation and remodeling in the subgroup of children with repeated wheezing and/or persistent asthma severe enough to warrant bronchoscopy, to address whether airway inflammation precedes remodeling or is a parallel process, and also to assess the impact of remodeling on lung function.MethodsFour databases were searched up to June 2017. Two independent reviewers screened the literature and extracted relevant data.ResultsWe found 526 references, and 39 studies (2390 children under 18 years old) were included. Airway inflammation (eosinophilic/neutrophilic) and remodeling were not present in wheezers at a mean age of 12 months, but in older pre‐school children (mean 2.5 years), remodeling (mainly increased reticular basement membrane [RBM] thickness and increased area of airway smooth muscle) and also airway eosinophilia was reported. This was worse in school‐age children. RBM thickness was similar in atopic and non‐atopic preschool wheezers. Airway remodeling was correlated with lung function in seven studies, with FeNO in three, and with HRCT‐scan in one. Eosinophilic inflammation was not seen in patients without remodeling. There were no invasive longitudinal or intervention studies.ConclusionThe relationship between inflammation and remodeling in children cannot be determined. Failure to demonstrate eosinophilic inflammation in the absence of remodeling is contrary to the hypothesis that inflammation causes these changes. We need reliable, non‐invasive markers of remodeling in particular if this is to be addressed.
Does docetaxel prolong survival of patients with non‐metastatic castration‐resistant prostate cancer?
Authors: Ito Kagenori , Kimura Takahiro , Onuma Hajime , Tabata Ryuji , Shimomura Tatsuya , Miki Kenta , Tomita Masayuki , Egawa Shin 
Published: February 2018

BackgroundGuidelines define docetaxel as a first‐line therapeutic option for metastatic castration‐resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). However, the role of docetaxel in non‐metastatic castration‐resistant prostate cancer (nmCRPC) has not been fully investigated. The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the potential role of docetaxel in nmCRPC. Clinical outcomes including overall survival were compared between CRPC patients who had docetaxel introduced while in nonmetastatic versus metastatic diseases.MethodsA total of 98 CRPC patients had docetaxel therapy. Of these 46 patients received docetaxel for nmCRPC, and 52 had distant metastases. Clinical outcomes from the time of diagnosis of CRPC were compared retrospectively between groups.ResultsThe median observation period after the diagnosis of CRPC in these patients was 42 months (range, 3‐166). Overall survival (OS) was significantly longer in the nmCRPC group than in the mCRPC group (not reached vs 52.2 months, respectively, P = 0.006). Multivariate analysis showed that longer time to CRPC, docetaxel use in nmCRPC, and use of abiraterone acetate and/or enzalutamide were significant predictors for improved OS (P = 0.04, 0.019 and 0.002, respectively). The incidence and profile of adverse events did not differ significantly between groups.ConclusionsEarlier induction of docetaxel in nmCRPC patients may prolong OS. Further prospective studies in more patients will be required to confirm our findings.