bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of High-temperature Physicochemical Interactions Between the H282Alloy Melt and Ceramic Material of the Crucible
Authors: Pirowski Z. 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Nickel alloys belong to the group of most resistant materials when used under the extreme operating conditions, including chemically aggressive environment, high temperature, and high loads applied over a long period of time. Although in the global technology market one can find several standard cast nickel alloys, the vast majority of components operating in machines and equipment are made from alloys processed by the costly metalworking operations. Analysis of the available literature and own studies have shown that the use of casting technology in the manufacture of components from nickel alloys poses a lot of difficulty. This is due to the adverse technological properties of these alloys, like poor fluidity, high casting shrinkage, and above all, high reactivity of liquid metal with the atmospheric air over the bath and with the ceramic material of both the crucible and foundry mold. The scale of these problems increases with the expected growth of performance properties which these alloys should offer to the user.
This article presents the results of studies of physico-chemical interactions that occur between the H282alloy melt and selected refractory ceramic materials commonly used in foundry. Own methodology for conducting micro-melts on a laboratory scale was elaborated and discussed. The results obtained have revealed that the alumina-based ceramics exhibits greater reactivity in contact with the H282 alloy melt than the materials based on zirconium compounds. In the conducted experiments, the ceramic materials based on zirconium silicate have proved to be a much better choice than the zirconia-silica mixture. Regardless of the type of the ceramic materials used, the time and temperature of their contact with the nickel alloy melt should always be limited to an absolutely necessary minimum required by the technological regime.
Eutectic Structures Competition in the Stripes Strengthening the (Zn) – Single Crystal
Authors: Wołczyński W. , Kjelstrup S. , Bedeaux D. , Szajnar J. , Billia B. 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Some eutectic stripes have been generated in a hexagonal (Zn) - single crystal. The stripes are situated periodically with the constant interstripes spacing. The eutectic structure in the stripes consists of strengthening inter-metallic compound, Zn16Ti, and (Zn) - solid solution. The rod-like irregular eutectic structure (with branches) appears at low growth rates. The regular lamellar eutectic structure is observed at middle growth rates. The regular rod-like eutectic structure exists exclusively in the stripes at some elevated growth rates. A new thermodynamic criterion is recommended. It suggests that this eutectic regular structure is the winner in a morphological competition for which the minimum entropy production is lower. A competition between the regular rod-like and the regular lamellar eutectic growth is described by means of the proposed criterion. The formation of branches within irregular eutectic structure is referred to the state of marginal stability. A continuous transitions from the marginal stability to the stationary state are confirmed by the continuous transformations of the irregular eutectic structure into the regular one.
Jimma Town: Foundation and Early Growth from ca. 1830 to 1936
Authors: Seifu Yonas , Záhořík Jan 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
This study deals with the early history of Jimma town and its growth from its foundation until 1936. It explores social, economic and administrative themes, but also attempts to show the interrelationship between these themes. The town of Jimma evolved during this period from being the home-town of a relatively homogenous society and culture into a place of residence for a diverse and increasingly cosmopolitan population. Economically, the story of Jimma during this period is one of both continuity and change. It is a story of continuity because Jimma, which had been a center of trade from the very beginning, continued to be so during this period. There was significant change, however, because unlike the previous decades in which Jimma had served as a point of exchange or transit for elite goods that mostly originated from beyond the borders of the Oromo Kingdom (such as slaves, ivory and musk), during this period the town developed into the chief center for the collection, organization and export of a cash crop that was grown locally (coffee).
Economic change, therefore, resulted in both production and exchange. The social, economic and administrative history of Jimma is closely intertwined, however. The mixture of peoples and cultures, as well as the nature of the urban social institutions that evolved in the town, are closely tied to “the cash crop revolution”, which brought streams of permanent and temporary residents to the town; the evolution of the town into a chief administrative center, as well as the introduction of somewhat peculiar administrative and fiscal institutions, came about, at least in part, as a result of the location of the town in the heart of the “coffee country”, as southwestern Ethiopia came to be known. In short, both the urbanity and the urbanization of Jimma can be explained by the story of coffee production and trade. This article documents these processes extensively and accounts for the growth of a major town in modern Ethiopia.
Can biotechnology contribute to the development of research and innovation smart specialization strategy (RIS3) in Central and East European countries? Reminiscences from the European Workshop
Authors: Ondrejovič Miroslav , Miertuš Stanislav 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
The paper presents main results and recommendations of the recent European Workshop dedicated to the evaluation of current state and prospects for Biotechnology with the attention to Central and European countries. The contribution of Biotechnology to the RIS3 strategy is also briefly presented. It is believed that there is still insufficient integration of research and innovation, especially in Central and Eastern European countries. Another problem is the weak interest and lack of mechanisms for the entry of potential investors into biotechnology capital–intensive areas. Series of proposals and recommendations coming from the Workshop on how to increase the regional cooperation in the field of Biotechnology is briefly described together with the potential role of international institutions (JRC-EC, CEI, ICGEB, EBTNA) in such cooperation.
Pola Resistensi Bakteri terhadap Antibiotik pada Pasien Diabetic Foot di RSUD Abdul Wahab Sjahranie Samarinda Periode Agustus-Oktober 2016
Authors: Setianingsih Yunita , Fadraersada Jaka , Ibrahim Arsyik , Ramadhan Adam M. 
Published: May 2018

Kasus ulkus dan gangren diabetik merupakan kasus diabetic foot yang banyak dirawat di rumah sakit. Untuk menanggulangi penyakit ini digunakan antibiotika. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pola resistensi bakteri penginfeksi diabetic foot uji kepekaan bakteri terhadap beberapa antibiotik pilihan. Penelitian ini dilakukan secara prospektif. Pengoleksian sampel diawali dengan pengumpulan rekam medis pasien, kemudian dilanjutkan dengan pengoleksian sampel pus (nanah). Setelah itu dilakukan kultur bakteri yang dilanjutkan dengan karakterisasi yang meliputi uji mikroskopi dengan pengecatan gram. Selanjutnya dilakukan identifikasi biokimia dan uji sensitivitas antibiotik dengan menggunakan Vitex 2 system version 06.01 (biomereux). Berdasarkan pola kepekaan bakteri didapatkan Acinetobacter sp muncul sebagai bakteri resisten 100 % terhadap (amoksiklav dan 60 % koloninya resisten terhadap seftriakson dan sefotaksim) Pseudomonas aeruginosa yang resisten 100 % terhadap Amoksiklav, Seftriakson, Sefotaksim. Sedangkan MRSA dan S. haemolyticus resisten terhadap semua turunan Methicillin dan Betalaktam.
Gagnon, Alex. La communauté du dehors. Imaginaire social et crimes célèbres au Québec (XIXe-XXe siècles)
Authors: Balint Adina 
Published: May 2018

Compte rendu
Gagnon, Alex. La communauté du dehors. Imaginaire social et crimes célèbres au Québec (XIXe-XXe siècles)
Reviewing the Role of Spatial Factors in Promoting Social Interactions with the Purpose of Designing a Cinematic-Cultural Complex
Authors: Karimi Azeri Amir Reza , Haghighi Sosari Zahra Delkhosh , Mozhdehi Amirnezhad 
Published: May 2018

The first goal of architecture is to build a proper space for human activities. Having sufficient knowledge about human beings and their relationships with others can be effective in creating an environment that is appropriate for certain types of activities. On the other hand , as social creatures, humans have various qualitative and quantitative levels of social interactions; while many of the existing buildings have created a deeper gap in human relations by solely responding to the functional needs and failing to give focused attention to human factors. In fact, the subject of the current research indicates that, due to the shortage of cultural facilities and healthy urban hangouts, as well as the unacceptable quality of the existing cultural spaces especially the cinemas, the recommended design can be a multifunctional complex and have spaces with official and unofficial sociable spaces. Also, it can make creation and promotion of social interactions possible. The current research is a descriptive-analytical research in terms of nature and it is a survey, in terms of method. In addition, it is an applied research in terms of its objective, a quantitative research based on the research data and a field study based on its procedure. In this respect, some human and environmental variables that affect social interactions have been extracted from documents and library studies. Among them, five of the most important factors were selected as the basis of this research based on the prioritization done by specialized environmental psychologists among faculty members of some of the most well-known and valid universities in Iran. The statistical community of this research is the city of Anzali harbor and places related to active cinemas of the city. Therefore, by specifying the community, sample and tools of the research, the roles played by the selected variables in association with the confirmation and rejection of the research hypotheses were tested. After analyzing the data using SPSS software, the selected variables were prioritized as follows: capabilities of the environment, attraction, visual beauty and aesthetic dimensions, natural landscape, view and adjacency, accessibility, continuity and legibility. Then, the most effective solutions for fulfilling the research objectives were developed.
PAPELÃO E ECODESIGN: DESENVOLVIMENTO DE UM FECHAMENTO VERTICAL
Authors: Caldas Lucas Rosse 
Published: May 2018

Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo a apresentação e avaliação, conforme princípios de ecodesign, de um protótipo de fechamento vertical utilizando papelão ondulado como matéria prima. O estudo foi realizado a partir da pesquisa bibliográfica e registros fotográficos e documentais realizados no segundo semestre de 2017 da disciplina de XXX, da XXX. O projeto e execução do protótipo foi realizado por um grupo de dez alunos, que escolheram o papelão como único material para a confecção do protótipo. Essa escolha surgiu da diretriz de projeto que sugere que os próprios alunos do alojamento consigam com facilidade, encontrar o papelão e montar o fechamento vertical. Ao final, os seguintes princípios de ecodesign foram avaliados no protótipo produzido: (1) facilidade de obtenção dos materiais, (2) utilização de resíduos reaproveitados, (3) baixo custo, (4) solução pensada x problema existente, (5) facilidade de montagem e desmontagem, (6) facilidade de transporte, (7) capacidade de reciclagem ao final da vida útil do sistema e (8) durabilidade. Conclui-se que é possível produzir um fechamento vertical mais sustentável utilizando somente papelão, se todos os princípios de ecodesign apresentados forem pensados ainda na fase de projeto.
Wolf Canis lupus predation on moose Alces alces and roe deer Capreolus capreolus in south‐central Scandinavia
Authors: Olsson Olof , Wirtberg Jan , Andersson Marianne , Wirtberg Ingrid 
Published: May 2018

During 1988–1992, 684 scats were collected throughout the year in the territory of the only reproducing family group (mean five individuals) of wolves Canis lupus in Scandinavia. Moose Alces alces, roe deer Capreolus capreolus, and badger Meles meles constituted the three most important prey species, and hair from them was found in 52%, 50%, and 19% of scats, respectively. When compensating for different area/volume ratios in prey species of different size, these three species were estimated to constitute 97% of the biomass ingested. The proportions of moose, roe deer, and badger were 66%, 27%, and 8% by mass, and 25%, 52%, and 23% by number, respectively. Young‐of‐the‐year dominated two samples of dead moose (51% of 65 killed by wolves; 43% of 155 killed by hunters), but no significant differences between the samples were found in any age class. Wolves killed significantly more female moose (76%) than hunters (53%), and among wolf‐predated moose, no male was older than two years. Mean winter density of moose and roe deer in the wolf territory (523 km2), estimated by fecal pellet group counts, was 1.5 moose and 0.4 roe deer/km2. Moose density decreased slightly at the end of the study, but it was estimated that wolves killed only about 5% of the moose population each year and that this could be compensated for by a decrease of about 10–20% in the hunter kill. In spite of a high predation pressure from wolves, in addition to predation from an increasing lynx Lynx lynx population, the density of roe deer increased threefold. It is concluded that the future predation pressure on moose may be more pronounced if the density of wolves increases, and roe deer may be more affected by predation when the present favourable ecological conditions cease.
Wintering waterfowl community structure and the characteristics of gravel pit lakes
Authors: Bell Michael C. , Delany Simon N. , Millett Matthew C. , Pollitt Mark S. 
Published: May 2018

Wintering waterfowl community structure and their association with lake characteristics were studied in the Cotswold Water Park, a complex of more than 120 gravel pit lakes in southern England. The major distinction in community types was between assemblages dominated by diving waterfowl and those dominated by dabbling waterfowl. The trophic status of lakes was found to be a major determinant of community structure: young lakes in the early stages of a natural process of eutrophication tended to support the most diverse assemblages of diving waterfowl. The abundance of individual species was strongly related to lake size and assemblage type. Some effects of food supply and the recreational use of lakes were also apparent. The relevance of the findings for the sustainable value of the lakes for wintering waterfowl is discussed.
Grey squirrel Sciurus carolinensis management in Italy ‐ squirrel distribution in a highly fragmented landscape
Authors: Wauters Luc A. , Gurnell John , Currado Italo , Mazzoglio Peter J. 
Published: May 2018

American grey squirrels Sciurus carolinensis introduced to northern Italy in 1948 have caused damage to commercial poplar plantations and have replaced the native red squirrel Sciurus vulgaris from most of the 350 km2 of the Piedmont Po‐plain they currently occupy. In order to plan a control programme aiming to stop grey squirrels from further spreading and to decrease their numbers, the current distribution and population size in the highly fragmented landscape of the Po‐plain were studied. The probability of finding grey squirrels in woodland fragments increased with habitat quality (diversity of trees producing large, consumable seeds), woodlot size and the proportion of poplar. Adding isolation variables did not improve the fit of the logistic regression model that predicted squirrel presence. The density of squirrel dreys, an index of population density, in the large Stupinigi forest also increased with tree species diversity. An estimate of the minimum population size for all woodlots assessed for squirrel presence was 1,260 animals in the summer of 1996. This extrapolates to a total of ca 2,500 grey squirrels in Piedmont. Grey squirrels continue to increase their range and are getting close to the continuous mixed forests of the pre‐Alps and to large hazel plantations. Control measures to stop the spread of grey squirrels, and eventually to eradicate them, should be implemented immediately.
Female age and breeding performance in a cyclic population of black grouse Tetrao tetrix
Authors: Marjakangas Arto , Törmälä Laura 
Published: May 2018

The breeding performance in yearling and adult female black grouse Tetrao tetrix was studied in a 6–7 year cyclic population during 1989–93 in central Finland. Eighty yearlings and 108 adults, radio‐marked in late winter, survived until the breeding season. Adults were larger, had more body mass at capture, initiated laying earlier and had larger eggs and clutches than yearlings. Yearlings and adults lost 11.8 and 20.9%, respectively, of their first nests to egg predators. Hatching dates and success of eggs were similar for both age classes. The proportion of females losing the entire brood was 32% for yearlings and 27.1% for adults. Brood size in late summer and number of chicks produced per female initiating breeding did not differ between age classes.
Applying Discrete Homotopy Analysis Method for Solving Fractional Partial Differential Equations
Authors: Özpınar Figen 
Published: May 2018

In this paper we developed a space discrete version of the homotopy analysis method (DHAM) to find the solutions of linear and nonlinear fractional partial differential equations with time derivative α ( 0 < α ≤ 1 ) . The DHAM contains the auxiliary parameter ℏ , which provides a simple way to guarantee the convergence region of solution series. The efficiency and accuracy of the proposed method is demonstrated by test problems with initial conditions. The results obtained are compared with the exact solutions when α = 1 . It is shown they are in good agreement with each other.
Modélisation et construction de traces d’utilisation d’une activité d’apprentissage : une approche langage pour la réingénierie d’un EIAH
Authors: Choquet Christophe , Iksal Sébastien 
Published: May 2018

Dans le contexte de l’enseignement et l’apprentissage à distance, la réingénierie d’un dispositif d’apprentissage suppose de disposer d’informations sur ses usages. Ces informations proviennent de sources multiples, comme des interviews, des questionnaires, des vidéos, des fichiers de logs. Nous considérons qu’il est important d’interpréter ces traces afin de confronter les intentions du concepteur avec les activités de l’apprenant durant la session. Dans cet article, nous présentons le langage UTL (Usage Tracking Language). Ce langage est générique, et nous présentons ici une instanciation de sa première version sur IMS Learning Design.
Pour conclure, nous présentons plusieurs cas d’utilisation de ce langage, en nous inspirant de nos expérimentations.
Dossiers partagés par les stagiaires avec ou sans formateur à l’IUFM de La Réunion : analyses des traces
Authors: Simon Jean , Gérard Jean-Paul , Thévenin Claudine 
Published: May 2018

L’IUFM de La Réunion utilise depuis septembre 2005 une plateforme
de TCAO (BSCW). Nous analysons, dans cet article, le comportement et les actions des professeurs des écoles stagiaires sur cette plate-forme en distinguant selon qu’ils sont dans des groupes constitués uniquement de pairs ou dans des groupes constitués de pairs et de formateurs. Nous voulons observer si leur participation diffère selon qu’elle est plus ou moins imposée. Cette analyse est faite à partir des traces laissées sur la plate-forme. Nous utilisons comme unité d’analyse le «dossier partagé de plus haut niveau » (dpphn) dont nous expliquons la genèse et donnons la définition. Le dpphn révèle l’activité d’un groupe travaillant ensemble pour résoudre un problème. Dans la discussion, nous revenons sur les limites de la méthode employée et des résultats obtenus.
Accompagnement d’une formation asynchrone en groupe restreint : modalités d’intervention et modèles de tutorat
Authors: Quintin Jean-Jacques 
Published: May 2018

La recherche expérimentale dans laquelle s’inscrit cet article
vise à saisir les effets de différentes modalités d’interventions tutorales (MiT) sur le travail effectué à distance par une centaine d’étudiants réunis en groupes restreints (trois par équipe). Ces modalités ont été élaborées en considérant les dimensions d’intervention qui participent à l’accompagnement tutoral, soit les composantes pédagogiques (P), socio-affectives (S) et organisationnelles (O). Complémentairement à ces trois MiT ciblées sur les dimensions S, O ou P, deux modes d’intervention tutorale non ciblés ont été intégrés en guise de modalités de référence : une MiT réactive et une MiT proactive non ciblée. Les résultats ayant mis en évidence un impact contrasté des différentes modalités de suivi sur l’apprentissage, nous nous attacherons à saisir la singularité de la mise en oeuvre de chacune d’entre elles ainsi qu’à cerner les modèles d’intervention propres à chacun des tuteurs (modèles idiosyncrasiques).
La banlieue Nord-Est de Paris : structuration des espaces industriels et des zones de résidence (1890-1947)
Authors: Fontanon Claudine 
Published: May 2018

The author sets out to analyse the connections which developed between industrial estates and residential areas in the northeastern suburbs of Paris over and extended period (1890-1947), while placing the problem within the national economic context and introducing comparisons with the rest of the Paris suburbs.
The factors studied indicate a certain inertia not only in industrial structures but also in the centers of localisation of firms in this sector, a permanent crisis in low cost housing and overcrowding in residential areas throughout this period. In 1890 as in 1945, working-class residential areas were grouped around industrial estates despite the repeated efforts of the State and the Department of the Seine to decongest this area.
L'évolution du groupe des ouvriers dans l'agglomération parisienne (1962-1975)
Authors: Chauviré Yvan 
Published: May 2018

Après avoir analysé l'évolution globale du groupe entre 1962 et 1975, l'auteur souligne certaines transformations intervenant entre les deux dates retenues -masculinisation, vieillissement, progression d'étrangers -tout en rappelant le maintien du niveau de qualification des ouvriers de l'agglomération.
La deuxième partie de l'article expose l'évolution de la «géographie» du groupe ouvrier à l'intérieur de l'espace considéré : celle-ci se caractérise par l'affaiblissement des bastions ouvriers existants et par la dilution spatiale de la résidence ouvrière. Les disparités géographiques en matière de structure par âge et de niveau de qualification ne se sont guère atténuées entre 1962 et 1975.