bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Local Wave Energy Dissipation and Morphological Beach Characteristics along a Northernmost Segment of the Polish Coast
Authors: Różyński Grzegorz 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
This paper analyses cross-shore bathymetric profiles between Władysławowo (km 125 of the Polish coastal chainage) and Lake Sarbsko (km 174) done in 2005 and 2011. Spaced every 500 m, they cover beach topography from dune/cliff crests to a seabed depth of about 15 m. They were decomposed by signal processing techniques to extract the monotonic component of beach topography and to perform a straightforward assessment of wave energy dissipation rates. Three characteristic dissipation patterns were identified: one associated with large nearshore bars and 2–3 zones of wave breaking; a second, to which the equilibrium beach profile concept can be applied; and a third, characterized by mixed behaviour. An attempt was then made to interpret these types of wave energy dissipation in terms of local coastal morphological features and the underlying sedimentary characteristics.
Comparison of Design Wave Heights Determined on the Basis of Long- and Short-term Measurement Data
Authors: Szmytkiewicz Marek , Szmytkiewicz Piotr , Marcinkowski Tomasz 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
The objective of this study is to determine differences between design wave heights determined on the basis of short- and long-term wave trains. Wave parameters measured over a period of 7.47 years in the vicinity of Coastal Research Station Lubiatowo were used as short-term wave data, while wave parameters determined through the so-called wave reconstruction for a period of 44 years for the same region and depth were used as long-term wave data. The results of the calculations lead to the conclusions the significant wave height distributions obtained for short and long-term wave data are similar.
Characterization of the pits in parenchyma cells of the moso bamboo [Phyllostachys edulis (Carr.) J. Houz.] culm
Authors: Lian Caiping , Liu Rong , Xiufang Cheng , Zhang Shuqing , Luo Junji , Yang Shumin , Liu Xianmiao , Fei Benhua 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
The pits on parenchyma cell walls facilitate transfer of liquids between adjacent cells in the bamboo. To better understand the structure-function relationship of the pits, the structural characteristics of the pits in bamboo parenchyma cells need to be investigated. In this study, the pit structures were studied by field-emission environmental scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The samples included the native structure and the replica structure via resin castings. The results showed that the parenchyma cells possessed various shapes and the pits were diverse. Parenchyma cells exposed both simple and bordered pits. Pitting between vascular parenchyma cells (VPCs) was similar to that of the metaxylem vessel. In particular, a branched pit structure was found for the first time in the parenchyma cell.
A Hybrid of Deep CNN and Bidirectional LSTM for Automatic Speech Recognition
Authors: Passricha Vishal , Aggarwal Rajesh Kumar 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Deep neural networks (DNNs) have been playing a significant role in acoustic modeling. Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) are the advanced version of DNNs that achieve 4–12% relative gain in the word error rate (WER) over DNNs. Existence of spectral variations and local correlations in speech signal makes CNNs more capable of speech recognition. Recently, it has been demonstrated that bidirectional long short-term memory (BLSTM) produces higher recognition rate in acoustic modeling because they are adequate to reinforce higher-level representations of acoustic data. Spatial and temporal properties of the speech signal are essential for high recognition rate, so the concept of combining two different networks came into mind. In this paper, a hybrid architecture of CNN-BLSTM is proposed to appropriately use these properties and to improve the continuous speech recognition task. Further, we explore different methods like weight sharing, the appropriate number of hidden units, and ideal pooling strategy for CNN to achieve a high recognition rate. Specifically, the focus is also on how many BLSTM layers are effective. This paper also attempts to overcome another shortcoming of CNN, i.e. speaker-adapted features, which are not possible to be directly modeled in CNN. Next, various non-linearities with or without dropout are analyzed for speech tasks. Experiments indicate that proposed hybrid architecture with speaker-adapted features and maxout non-linearity with dropout idea shows 5.8% and 10% relative decrease in WER over the CNN and DNN systems, respectively.
Grammatical choices of ditransitive patterns in academic articles
Authors: Choura Sabiha 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Texts are products of systemic functional choices determined by contextual factors . To analyze how the context affects writers’ lexico-grammatical choices, this paper attempts to study ditransitive patterns in the research article genre across medical science and sociology, a choice explained by the gap in the literature of genre analysis of ditransitivity. To this end, ditransitive patterns are quantified in a corpus of 245 academic articles from medical science and sociology published in 2011. The analysis shows that the object–prepositional object pattern dominates both disciplines, which can be explained by its being a compactness device enabling writers to observe the communicative functions of the research article genre. Across the two disciplines, the higher frequency of clausal patterns in sociology than medical science reveals the explicitness and persuasiveness of writers in sociology, which may be attributed to the different research methods, and the nature of knowledge accumulation in each discipline. These findings lead to the conclusion that the choices of ditransitive patterns are determined by the generic features of the research article genre and disciplinary specificities, though they are also influenced by the different research topics across disciplines and the category-selectional properties of ditransitives.
Community Behavior and the Exposure of River in Yogyakarta from Feses Coli Bacteria
Authors: Jaya Pajar Hatma Indra , Sriharini Sriharini 
Published: March 2019

This study started from data of Riskesdas of the Ministry of Health which regards Special Region of Yogyakarta as a region with a good habit of defecating. However, according to a research conducted by the Environment Agency in Yogyakarta, all rivers in this region contain faecal colibacteria far above the threshold. This study aims to explain the factors that led to contamination of rivers by faecal colibacteria in Yogyakarta. The researcher conducted observation in the rivers in Yogyakarta and interviewed some people who lived near the rivers regarding their habit and knowledge about the rivers’ condition. This study concluded that the habit of defecating in rivers is rarely found in Yogyakarta and such habit will diminish naturally. However, there are some behaviors which give similar effects as defecating in rivers. The society does not know that such behaviors could lead to the presence of faecal colibacteria. More importantly, although the rivers in Yogyakarta contain faecal colibacteria which UNICEF considers as harmful, the society does not confirm that such condition is harmful. This way, such unhealthy behavior of the society still exists.
Hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state in an adolescent with type 1 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Watanabe Suguru , Kido Jun , Ogata Mika , Nakamura Kimitoshi , Mizukami Tomoyuki 
Published: March 2019

Summary
Hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state (HHS) and diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) are the most severe acute complications of diabetes mellitus (DM). HHS is characterized by severe hyperglycemia and hyperosmolality without significant ketosis and acidosis. A 14-year-old Japanese boy presented at the emergency room with lethargy, polyuria and polydipsia. He belonged to a baseball club team and habitually drank sugar-rich beverages daily. Three weeks earlier, he suffered from lassitude and developed polyuria and polydipsia 1 week later. He had been drinking more sugar-rich isotonic sports drinks (approximately 1000–1500 mL/day) than usual (approximately 500 mL/day). He presented with HHS (hyperglycemia (1010 mg/dL, HbA1c 12.3%) and mild hyperosmolality (313 mOsm/kg)) without acidosis (pH 7.360), severe ketosis (589 μmol/L) and ketonuria. He presented HHS in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) with elevated glutamate decarboxylase antibody and islet antigen 2 antibody. Consuming beverages with high sugar concentrations caused hyperglycemia and further exacerbates thirst, resulting in further beverage consumption. Although he recovered from HHS following intensive transfusion and insulin treatment, he was significantly sensitive to insulin therapy. Even the appropriate amount of insulin may result in dramatically decreasing blood sugar levels in patients with T1DM. We should therefore suspect T1DM in patients with HHS but not those with obesity. Moreover, age, clinical history and body type are helpful for identifying T1DM and HHS. Specifically, drinking an excess of beverages rich in sugars represents a risk of HHS in juvenile/adolescent T1DM patients.

Learning points:

Hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state (HHS) is characterized by severe hyperglycemia and hyperosmolality without significant ketosis and acidosis.

The discrimination between HHS of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in initial presentation is difficult.

Pediatrician should suspect T1DM in patients with HHS but not obesity.

Age, clinical history and body type are helpful for identifying T1DM and HHS.

Children with T1DM are very sensitive to insulin treatment, and even appropriate amount of insulin may result in dramatically decreasing blood sugar levels.
Prospects of the Use of New Carbon Sorbents with Antimicrobial Properties in the Intensive Care Medicine
Authors: Dolgikh V. T. , Likholobov V. A. , Moroz V. V. , P'yanova L. G. , Dolgikh T. I. , Ershov A. V. , Drozdetskaya M. S. 
Published: March 2019

The purpose is to study antibacterial and antimycotic properties of produced granular carbon sorbents. Material and methods. A VNIITU-1 carbon sorbent was used as a starting material, which was modified with polyvinylpyrrolidone and lactic and glycolic acids oligomers. Microbiological bench tests were carried out to determine the antibacterial and antimycotic activity of these granulated carbon hemosorbents. Antibacterial properties of sorbents were studied in relation to pathogenic and conditionally pathogenic microorganisms: Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeroginosa, Klebsiella pneumonia, Escherichia coli, Streptococcus agalactiae as well as their mixtures: mixture No. 1 — S. aureus and E. coli; mixture No. 2 — S. aureus and P. aeruginosa. Results. Presented data demonstrate that the modified VNIITU-1 exhibits significant antibacterial and antimycotic activity against most of the studied microorganisms compared to original sorbent. Conclusion. Modified sorbents as antimicrobial and detoxifying drugs may further be employed in treatment of obstetrical-gynecological and surgical diseases. The carbon sorbents are promising materials for medicine, as they expand the potential of sorption therapy in clinical practice.
Giomers in dentistry – at the boundary between dental composites and glass-ionomers
Authors: Rusnac Mara Elena , Gasparik Cristina , Irimie Alexandra Iulia , Grecu Alexandru Graţian , Mesaroş Anca Ştefania , Dudea Diana 
Published: March 2019

Introduction. From the variety of direct restorative dental materials, composite resins are considered as having the most esthetic and functional properties. The conservative preparation, esthetic results, good mechanical qualities and surface finishing properties of dental composites, combined with the protective properties of fluoride from glass-ionomers, led to a new generation of dental materials: the giomers.
Objective. The purpose is to review the available literature about the giomers, regarding the chemical composition, handling properties and esthetics, adhesion and microleakage, fluoride releasing and protection offered, clinical indications.
Method. The search was carried out using ScienceDirect and PubMed databases with the following keywords: giomer, esthetic properties giomers and fluoride releasing giomers. A total of 232 articles were initially selected, with the following inclusion criteria: full text articles, written in English, with topics on the properties and the clinical implications of giomers. Papers presented as abstract were not included. In the next step, review articles, duplicates, and articles in other languages were removed; as a result, a total of 44 sources published between 2004 and 2017 were selected.
Results. The selected articles referred to the following aspects about the giomers: chemical composition (8 articles), adhesion and microleakage (10 articles), fluoride releasing and pulp protection (15 articles), clinical indications (6 articles), effects of additional treatments and dietary habits (11 articles).
Clasificación por capitales de una muestra de microempresarios del Área Metropolitana de Bucaramanga a partir del Análisis de Correspondencia Múltiple
Authors: Rangel Quiñonez Henry Sebastián , Yáñez Canal Gabriel 
Published: March 2019

Los resultados presentados en este artículo son una caracterización a partir de los capitales de salud, educativo, social, físico y financiero de una muestra de microempresarios del Área Metropolitana de Bucaramanga (AMB) en 2012. Para lograr una robusta caracterización se utilizó el Análisis de Correspondencias Múltiple (ACM), el cual permitió observar la relación existente entre las categorías de las diferentes dimensiones y los distintos niveles de beneficios. Las asociaciones observadas permitieron clasificar a los microempresarios en tres grupos de acuerdo con sus utilidades y a características específicas de los capitales considerados. Se destaca el hecho de que en los microempresarios analizados el factor más importante en el éxito del negocio es el capital humano. Además, el uso del ACM permitió clasificar en el nivel “bajos beneficios” a los microempresarios que se negaron a proporcionar información acerca de sus beneficios y nivel de endeudamiento, a partir de las respuestas proporcionadas en las otras dimensiones.
Europa, ha llegado el momento de terminar con la dependencia del crecimiento (Carta abierta)
Authors: Environmental Bureau European 
Published: March 2019

El 18 y 19 de septiembre de 2018, científicos y políticos se encontraron en una conferencia clave celebrada en Bruselas. El objetivo de este encuentro, organizado por los miembros de cinco grupos políticos del Parlamento Europeo, junto con sindicatos y ONG, fue el de explorar las posibilidades para una “economía del post-crecimiento” en Europa.
Urogenitalis lokalizációjú mucosamelanoma primer és áttétes esetei klinikánkon
Authors: Szabó Balázs , Szűcs Miklós , Horváth András , Székely Eszter , Pánczél Gitta , Liszkay Gabriella , Holló Péter , Wikonkál Norbert , Nyirády Péter 
Published: March 2019

Abstract: Introduction: Both primary and metastatic cases of mucosal melanoma in urogenital localization are rare tumors. Only 4–5% of all primary melanomas do not arise from the skin. Extracutaneous melanomas have a complex clinical presentation, but these aggressive tumors have a poor prognosis. Materials and method: In our department, we found 7 patients with malignant melanoma of the genitourinary tract in the past few years. The 7 cases were: primary amelanotic melanoma of the female urethra, a primary melanoma of the bladder, two primary melanomas of the penis, a metastatic melanoma of the urethra and another to the testis and a metastatic melanoma of the bladder with melanuria. We retrospectively analyzed the available data to describe the presentation, management, and clinical outcome of the patients. Results: In the three inoperative cases, palliative, urologic surgical procedures and systemic antitumor therapy were performed. Two of the four primary urogenital tumors were localized to the penis. In one case, local recurrence developed after surgical treatment, but with a radical, repeated surgery, the patient has been asymptomatic for a year and a half. In the other, neglected case, the penis melanoma spread through the urethra and the inguinal lymph nodes two years after radical surgery and inguinal block dissection. In the female primary urethral melanoma case, the first histological study reported a primary mesenchymal tumor, and the recurrent tumor that occurred one and a half years later showed melanoma diagnosis. Radical surgery performed because of urethral involvement resulted in a 5-year asymptomatic state, followed by local recurrence and distant metastasis. In the fourth case of a primary bladder melanoma, the rapid progression of the disease and the BRAF positivity of the tumor suggested that not the firstly diagnosed bladder melanoma was the primary tumor. Conclusion: The occurrence of urinary tract melanoma is very rare and its discovery happens often in a disseminated state, so the expected prognosis of the cases is also poor. The most important factors for increasing therapeutic efficacy are early diagnosis and radical surgical intervention. Tumors appearing in different localizations require different urological surgical approaches. The literature recommendations for treatment are not uniform. Their prognosis is worse compared to the cutaneous melanoma, which may be due to clinical and pathological diagnostic difficulties. The latest targeted and immunotherapeutic agents can significantly improve the survival of metastatic patients. Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(10): 378–385.
Effects of titanium addition on microstructure and mechanical properties of CrFeNiTix (x = 0.2–0.6) compositionally complex alloys
Authors: Gao Shuo , Kong Teng , Zhang Man , Chen Xiao , Sui Yan Wei , Ren Yao Jian , Qi Ji Qiu , Wei Fu Xiang , He Ye Zeng , Meng Qing Kun , Sun Zhi 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
LEGALITAS PERKAWINAN DENGAN WALI HAKIM MENURUT PERATURAN MENTERI AGAMA NOMOR 30 TAHUN 2005
Authors: Hakim Abdul 
Published: March 2019

AbstractOne of the legal requirements for marriage is the existence of marriage legal guardian (wali). If the legal guardian cannot act for certain reasons, the position of the guardian is transferred to a magistrate guardian (wali hakim). The magistrate guardian is discussed in various fuqaha jurisprudence and fiqh books. In Indonesia, these opinions were then uniformed through Minister of Religion Regulation Number 30 of 2005 concerning Magistrate Guardian. The applied method in this study is descriptive analysis, by describing the opinions of jurists in various fiqh books and their transformation to uniform provisions in the Minister of Religion Regulation Number 30 of 2005 concerning magistrate guardian. Sources based on the Islamic jurists’s opinions include Bidāyat al-Mujtahid wa Nihāyat al-Muqtashid, Fiqh al-Sunnah, Al-Muwatha, Fath al-Mu‘īn and Fath al-Wahab. This study shows that the most visible transformation is President as wilayah ammah, the general ruler of the country, and gives power to the Ministry of Religious Affairs to appoint the Head of Religious Affairs Distric Office to become a magistrate guardian in their respective region.Keywords: Marriage guardian, wali aqrab, magistrate guardianAbstrakSalah satu syarat sahnya perkawinan adalah adanya wali nikah. Apabila wali nikah tidak dapat bertindak atau karena sebab-sebab tertentu maka kedudukan wali nikah ber­pindah kepada wali hakim. Bertindaknya wali hakim sebagai wali nikah terdapat dalam berbagai pendapat fuqaha dalam kitab fiqh yang beragam. Di Indonesia pendapat tersebut kemudian diseragamkan melalui Peraturan Menteri Agama Nomor 30 Tahun 2005 tentang Wali Hakim. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif analitis, dengan menggambarkan pendapat fuqaha dalam kitab fiqh yang beragam sehingga menjadi ketentuan yang seragam dalam Peraturan Menteri Agama tersebut. Sumber yang berdasarkan pendapat fuqaha dalam kitab fiqih diantaranya ialah Bidāyat al-Mujtahid wa Nihāyat al-Muqtashid, Fiqh al-Sunnah, Al-Muwatha, Fath al-Mu‘īn dan Fath al-Wahab. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa transformasi paling kental adalah ketentuan mengenai presiden sebagai wilayah ammah yang memberikan kuasa kepada Menteri Agama untuk menunjuk kepala Kantor Urusan Agama Kecamatan sebagai wali hakim di wilayahnya masing-masing.Kata Kunci : Wali nikah, wali aqrab, peraturan menteri agama, wali hakim
REINTERPRETASI KONSEP BID'AH DAN FLEKSIBILITAS HUKUM ISLAM MENURUT HASYIM ASYARI
Authors: Sugara Robi 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe diversity of cultures and traditions in Indonesia gives rise to religious rituals (Islam) that synergize with Shari'a. It is very ironic if these deeds carried out by Muslims in Indonesia are accused as superstitious, bid'ah, and khurafat acts, since they are not in accordance with the Qur'an and Sunnah. This condition has caused a reaction from one of traditionalists namely Hasyim Asy'ari who was very concerned in preserving local traditions which were considered has Shari'a touch. This study uses descriptive analysis methods and is based on the idea that some rituals of Indonesian Muslims cannot be separated from culture and tradition. This is considered as something new or bid'ah. Hasyim Asy'ari argues that not all new things are deviant, because even though there is no valid argument, they may still rely on Shari'a. By understanding the meaning of bid'ah as well as the traditions, it is clear that Islam is present and develops in Indonesia through wisdom-based da'wah. That way, the author feels traditions such as tahlilan, group dhikr, istighatsah, prophet’s mawlid, and nisfu sya'ban must be preserved in the context of Islamic peaceful da'wah filled with wisdom in the nuances of Indonesian culture.Keywords : Culture, tradition, bid'ah, Hasyim Asyari, ShariaAbstrakKeberagaman budaya dan tradisi di Indonesia memunculkan ritual keagamaan (Islam) yang bersinergi dengan syariat. Sangat ironis jika amaliyah yang dilakukan oleh umat Islam di Indonesia dituduh sebagai perbuatan tahayul, bid’ah, dan khurafat, karena dianggap tidak sesuai dengan al-Qur’an dan al-Sunnah. Hal ini menimbulkan reaksi dari kaum tradisionalis yaitu Hasyim Asy’ari yang sangat peduli dalam melestarikan tradisi-tradisi lokal yang dianggap telah bernafaskan syariat. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis deskriptif penelitian serta didasarkan pada pemikiran bahwa amaliyah umat Islam Indonesia tidak lepas dari budaya dan tradisi. Hal tersebut dianggap sebagai sesuatu yang baru atau bid’ah. Hasyim Asy’ari berpendapat bahwa tidak semua hal yang baru itu berstatus sesat, karena meskipun tidak ada dalil yang sarih namun bisa jadi tetap bersandar pada syariat. Dengan memahami makna bid’ah sekaligus tradisi di atas jelas bahwa Islam hadir dan berkembang di Indonesia melalui dakwah yang bernuansa hikmah. Dengan begitu, penulis merasa tradisi-tradisi seperti tahlilan, dzikir bersama, istighatsah, maulid nabi dan nisfu sya’ban harus tetap dilestarikan dalam rangka dakwah Islam yang penuh dengan hikmah dalam nuansa budaya Indonesia.Kata kunci : konsep bid'ah, Hasyim Asyari, hukum Islam