bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phonological Learning Influences Label–Object Mapping in Toddlers
Authors: Breen Ellen , Pomper Ron , Saffran Jenny 
Published: June 2019

Purpose
Infants rapidly acquire the sound patterns that characterize their native language. Knowledge of native language phonological cues facilitates learning new words that are consistent with these patterns. However, little is known about how newly acquired phonological knowledge—regularities that children are in the process of learning—affects novel word learning. The current experiment was designed to determine whether exposure to a novel phonological pattern affects subsequent novel word learning.

Method

Two-year-olds (
n
= 41) were familiarized with a list of novel words that followed a simple phonotactic regularity. Following familiarization, toddlers were taught 4 novel label–object pairs. Two of the labels were consistent with the novel regularity, and 2 of the labels were inconsistent with the regularity.

Results
Toddlers with smaller vocabularies learned all of the novel label–object pairings, whereas toddlers with larger vocabularies only learned novel label–object pairings that were consistent with the novel phonological regularity.

Conclusion
These findings demonstrate that newly learned phonological patterns influence novel word learning and highlight the role of individual differences in toddlers' representations of candidate word forms.
Noise mitigation in dual three‐phase internal permanent magnet machines by injection of current harmonics
Authors: Hollstegge Philipp , Wanke Andreas , De Doncker Rik W. 
Published: June 2019

Steadily increasing power demands are linked with the ongoing process of electrifying the powertrain for dominant and pure electric vehicles. Fulfilling those requirements can be achieved by a multiphase approach which is implemented with a six‐phase machine with buried permanent magnets. Besides the new modelling aspects, new control possibilities arise such as controlling the current harmonics individually using vector space decomposition (VSD) methods. Here, this method is used to influence the noise, vibration and harshness (NVH) maintaining the working point in torque and speed. A reduction up to 22 dB of the main acoustic order in the significant speed range was achieved.
Constraining the properties of HD 206893 B
Authors: Grandjean A. , Lagrange A.-M. , Beust H. , Rodet L. , Milli J. , Rubini P. , Babusiaux C. , Meunier N. , Delorme P. , Aigrain S. , Zicher N. , Bonnefoy M. , Biller B. A. , Baudino J.-L. , Bonavita M. , Boccaletti A. , Cheetham A. , Girard J. H. , Hagelberg J. , Janson M. , Lannier J. , Lazzoni C. , Ligi R. , Maire A.-L. , Mesa D. , Perrot C. , Rouan D. , Zurlo A. 
Published: June 2019

Context. High contrast imaging enables the determination of orbital parameters for substellar companions (planets, brown dwarfs) from the observed relative astrometry and the estimation of model and age-dependent masses from their observed magnitudes or spectra. Combining astrometric positions with radial velocity gives direct constraints on the orbit and on the dynamical masses of companions. A brown dwarf was discovered with the VLT/SPHERE instrument at the Very Large Telescope (VLT) in 2017, which orbits at ∼11 au around HD 206893. Its mass was estimated between 12 and 50 MJ from evolutionary models and its photometry. However, given the significant uncertainty on the age of the system and the peculiar spectrophotometric properties of the companion, this mass is not well constrained.
Aims. We aim at constraining the orbit and dynamical mass of HD 206893 B.
Methods. We combined radial velocity data obtained with HARPS spectra and astrometric data obtained with the high contrast imaging VLT/SPHERE and VLT/NaCo instruments, with a time baseline less than three years. We then combined those data with astrometry data obtained by HIPPARCOS and Gaia with a time baseline of 24 yr. We used a Markov chain Monte Carlo approach to estimate the orbital parameters and dynamical mass of the brown dwarf from those data.
Results. We infer a period between 21 and 33 yr and an inclination in the range 20−41° from pole-on from HD 206893 B relative astrometry. The RV data show a significant RV drift over 1.6 yr. We show that HD 206893 B cannot be the source of this observed RV drift as it would lead to a dynamical mass inconsistent with its photometry and spectra and with HIPPARCOS and Gaia data. An additional inner (semimajor axis in the range 1.4–2.6 au) and massive (∼15 MJ) companion is needed to explain the RV drift, which is compatible with the available astrometric data of the star, as well as with the VLT/SPHERE and VLT/NaCo nondetection.
Sexualbezogene Online-Fortbildung für Fachkräfte:
Weblogs
Authors: Döring Nicola 
Published: June 2019

ZusammenfassungDer vorliegende Praxisbeitrag stellt insgesamt sechs Typen von Weblogs vor, die
sich mit sexualbezogenen Fragen befassen: Sexblogs von Unternehmen, Sexblogs zu
Sexspielzeugen, Sexblogs mit erotischen Geschichten, persönliche Sexblogs,
Sexblogs zur sexuellen Aufklärung und Beratung sowie sexualwissenschaftliche
Sexblogs. Ihr besonderer Informationswert für Fachkräfte wird diskutiert. Zudem
wird der aktuelle Stand der Sexblog-Forschung präsentiert, der sich stark um die
sexuelle Selbstbemächtigung von Frauen dreht.
Magnus Hirschfeld, die Westberliner und westdeutsche
Schwulenbewegung der 1970er-Jahre und die Folgen
Authors: Herzer Manfred 
Published: June 2019

ZusammenfassungZuerst 1970 finden wir bei Gisela Bleibtreu-Ehrenberg eine Hirschfeld-Kritik, die
seiner Sexologie Nähe zur „Entartungs-Theorie“ vorwirft. Die Verbindung zu den
faschistischen Schwulenverfolgungen 1933–45 entdecken erst ab 1974 politische
Kämpfer der studentisch geprägten Schwulenbewegung in Frankfurt am Main und
Westberlin. Sie stützen sich auf einen französischen Gesinnungsgenossen, Guy
Hocquenghem, dessen Schriften zeitnah auf Deutsch vorlagen. Hirschfelds
Sexologie sei demnach direkt, aber vielleicht unabsichtlich „faschistisch“, was
auf Hirschfelds politische Naivität und wissenschaftliche Dürftigkeit
zurückzuführen sei. Solche Meinungen, die gegenwärtig vermehrt Anhänger finden,
werden hier mit dem Ziel, ihre Unhaltbarkeit aufzuzeigen, historisch-kritisch
rekonstruiert. Gemäßigtere Autoren wie James Steakley werden zustimmend
zitiert.
S3-Leitlinie zur Diagnostik, Beratung und Behandlung im
Kontext von Geschlechtsinkongruenz, Geschlechtsdysphorie und
Trans-Gesundheit
Authors: Nieder Timo O. , Strauß Bernhard 
Published: June 2019

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung Am 9. Oktober 2018 wurde die Leitlinie „Geschlechtsinkongruenz,
Geschlechtsdysphorie und Trans-Gesundheit: Diagnostik, Beratung und Behandlung“
nach methodischer Prüfung von der Arbeitsgemeinschaft der Wissenschaftlichen
Medizinischen Fachgesellschaften (AWMF) mit S3-Status in das
Leitlinienregister aufgenommen und online veröffentlicht.
Forschungsziele Die Leitlinie verfolgt das Ziel, die „Standards zur
Begutachtung und Behandlung von Transsexuellen“ aus dem Jahr 1997 an die
gegenwärtigen Bedingungen und Forschungsergebnisse anzupassen und sie für eine
adäquate Versorgung in Deutschland nutzbar zu machen.
Methoden Die Behandlungsempfehlungen der Leitlinie basieren auf
empirischer Evidenz, die systematisch recherchiert und bewertet wurde. Die für
den Kreis der Adressat_innen repräsentative Leitliniengruppe hat gemeinsam mit
einer Interessensvertretung von trans Menschen im Zuge einer strukturierten
Konsensfindung 100 Empfehlungen konsentiert.
Ergebnisse Die Leitlinie soll das Feld der Trans-Gesundheitsversorgung
individualisieren und damit auch deregulieren. Optionen für eine zielführende
Behandlung der Geschlechtsinkongruenz und/oder Geschlechtsdysphorie werden
aufgezeigt. Anschließend wird ein empirisch und klinisch fundiertes Vorgehen
empfohlen, das auf individuelle Bedingungen bei der Behandlung bedarfsgerecht
eingehen kann.
Schlussfolgerung Die Leitlinie reflektiert aktuelle internationale
Standards der Trans-Gesundheitsversorgung auf Basis empirischer Evidenz und
bezieht sie auf das deutsche Gesundheitssystem. Ihre Anwendung sollte mit
klinisch-therapeutischer Expertise abgesichert werden.
Current and Emerging Imaging Techniques in Patients with Genetic Aortic Syndromes
Authors: Weinrich Julius Matthias , Lenz Alexander , Girdauskas Evaldas , Adam Gerhard , von Kodolitsch Yskert , Bannas Peter 
Published: June 2019

Background Patients with genetic aortic syndromes such as Marfan or Loeys-Dietz syndrome have a decreased life expectancy due to the risk of aortic dissection and rupture. Imaging plays an important role in the acute setting but also in the initial diagnosis and image-based monitoring. In this article, we provide an overview of the most common genetic aortic syndromes and recommended imaging strategies. Furthermore, we highlight modern imaging methods allowing for the quantification of hemodynamic changes in aortic disease.
Method This is a narrative review article on genetic aortic syndromes and recommended imaging strategies, where we take into account expert opinions and standard-of-care practices from our own center.
Results and Conclusion Radiological imaging plays a key role in the initial diagnosis and surveillance of patients with genetic aortic syndromes. Radiologists contribute significantly to the multi-disciplinary setting of genetic aortic syndromes with knowledge of special features and recommended imaging methods. Accurate measurement of the aorta is crucial, particularly in terms of diameter-based surgical treatment algorithms. Modern imaging methods like 4D-flow MRI and pulse wave velocity have a potential to further improve individualized risk stratification in patients with genetic aortic syndromes.
Key points:
Citation Format
Comparison of the Efficacy of Three Different Bone Regeneration Materials: An Animal Study
Authors: Anbu R. Tamil , Suresh V. , Gounder Revathy , Kannan Abinaya 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Objective The proposed study aimed to evaluate and compare the bone regeneration between commercially available hydroxyapatite–β-tricalcium phosphate (Ossifi; Equinox, the Netherlands), powdered polylactic acid (powdered PLA; Sigma-Aldrich, United States), and three-dimensionally printed PLA (3D-printed PLA; Cubex, SC, United States) using 3D printer (Cube X trio) in an animal model.
Materials and Methods Eighteen New Zealand rabbits were divided into three groups with six animals each. Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) was collected from the venous blood and preserved. Bone defect (4 mm × 2 mm) without disturbing the bone marrow was created and filled with bone graft material (group 1–Ossifi, group 2–powdered PLA, and group 3–3D-printed PLA), over which PRF membranes were placed. The graft material and the barrier were stabilized using resorbable sutures, and all the animals were maintained for 4, 8, and 12 weeks, after which they were euthanized, and bone samples were retrieved. Retrieved bone samples were subjected to radiological and histological analysis.
Results The radiographic and histological changes of 3D-printed PLA in comparison with other two materials (Ossifi and powdered PLA) seemed to have a significant difference.
Conclusion 3D-printed PLA scaffolds showed positive signs of bone regeneration around the material in continuity defects. PLA material can be a promising alternative bone regenerative material.
Syntactic annotation of the Rhapsodie corpus
Authors: Kahane Sylvain , Pietrandrea Paola 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
This chapter presents the principles underlying the syntactic annotation and in particular the reasons for separating this annotation into two levels, micro and macrosyntax, presented in Chapters 4 and 6. The particular focus on paradigmatic piles (coordination, lists, reformulation, disfluencies, etc., see Chapter 5) is justified, as well as the integration of hard-to-describe elements such as disfluencies or discourse markers at various level of the syntactic structure. Our decision to discard the notion of sentence and replace it by the notions of Illocutionary Units [IUs] and Government Units [GUs] is discussed.
Macrosyntactic annotation
Authors: Pietrandrea Paola , Kahane Sylvain 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
This chapter describes the macrosyntactic annotation of the Rhapsodie corpus, from the linguistic heritage to Rhapsodie’s own theoretical approach to macrosyntax. Macrosyntactic phenomena, such as dislocation, discourse markers, inserts, or parenthesis, are quite frequent in spoken French. The major unit of this level is the illocutionary unit, the main component of which is the nucleus, bearing the illocutionary force. Three kinds of peripheral components are considered: adnuclei, openers, and associated nuclei, including discourse markers. The different types of relationships between illocutionary units – contiguity, hierarchy, parallelism, and bifurcation – are discussed, as well as the interplay between macro- and microsyntactic units. We show in particular that microsyntactic relations can go beyond macrosyntactic boundaries and even speech turns.
Prosodic annotation of the Rhapsodie corpus
Authors: Lacheret-Dujour Anne 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
This chapter provides an overview of the theoretical background that piloted prosodic processing in Rhapsodie. We explain what the components of an autonomous data-driven usage-based perceptual model are, as distinct from the standard approach in which data are used to validate phonological theories, and how the methodological principles applied for prosodic annotation clearly distinguish Rhapsodie annotation from standard approaches using the ToBi system. This specificity is first expressed by our view of the relationships between syntax and prosody: we highlight the role of syntax, or rather the absence thereof, in the generation of the prosodic structure, and, instead, the central function of prominences and disfluencies in this respect. Finally, we recall how important acoustic processing is in order to properly achieve the prosodic modeling of everyday speech, which is often full of noise and, consequently, unusable.
Tonal annotation
Authors: Obin Nicolas , Belião Julie , Lacheret-Dujour Anne 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
This chapter presents SLAM, an algorithm for the automatic stylization and labelling of melodic contours, developed to process intonation in Rhapsodie. This algorithm has three basic specificities. First, the alphabet of melodic contours is directly derived from the speech signal. Second, complex melodic contours are described though a simple time-frequency representation. Third, melodic contours can be described over various linguistic segments that can be specified by the user; in other words, the tonal descriptions provided by the system can be used to present the intonation of segments of any size, larger than the syllable and of any type: prosodic, syntactic, and informational. Additionally, the system handles some specificities of spontaneous speech, such as speech turns and speech overlaps.
The distribution of prosodic features in the Rhapsodie corpus
Authors: Lacheret-Dujour Anne , Desagulier Guillaume , Fleury Serge , Isel Frédéric 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
This chapter analyzes the interface between prosodic features and situational variables in the Rhapsodie treebank. First, we provide general quantitative information. Second, we present a preliminary set of statistical analyses performed on six specific prosodic variables, that provides two types of information. While Principal Component Analysis is useful to identify major trends in the data, inferential analysis is the first step in modeling the effect of the different modalities of each situational variable on the prosodic patterns, before considering predictive modeling. Finally, by focusing on the IPA unit, we present a third statistical method based on the computation of specificity indexes.
Concerns that An Opioid Antidote Could “Make Things Worse”: Profiles of Risk Compensation Beliefs Using the Naloxone-Related Risk Compensation Beliefs (NaRRC-B) Scale
Authors: Winograd Rachel P. , Werner Kim B. , Green Lauren , Phillips Sarah , Armbruster Jenny , Paul Robert 
Published: June 2019

Background and aims: As opioid overdose death rates reach epidemic proportions in the United States, the widespread distribution of naloxone is imperative to save lives. However, concerns that people who use drugs will engage in riskier drug behaviors if they have access to naloxone remain prevalent, and the measurement scales to assess these risk compensation concerns remain under researched. This study aims to examine the validity of the Naloxone-Related Risk Compensation Beliefs (NaRRC-B) scale and to understand the effect of overdose education and naloxone distribution (OEND) training on risk compensation beliefs across demographic and professional populations. Methods: A total of 1424 participants, 803 police officers, 137 emergency medical services (EMS)/fire personnel, and 484 clinical treatment and social service providers were administered surveys before and after attending an OEND training. Survey items measured the endorsement of opioid overdose knowledge and attitudes, as well as risk compensation beliefs. Results: Police and EMS/fire personnel expressed greater endorsement of risk compensation beliefs than clinical treatment and social service providers at both pre- and post-OEND training. Although endorsement of risk compensation beliefs was significantly reduced in each of the 3 groups after the training, reductions were greatest among EMS/fire personnel, followed by providers, then police. Moreover, younger, male, and black participants endorsed greater beliefs in risk compensatory behaviors as compared with their older, female, and white counterparts. Conclusion: This study validated a novel measure of naloxone-related risk compensation beliefs and suggests participating in OEND trainings decreases beliefs in naloxone-related risk compensation behaviors. OEND trainings should consider addressing concerns about naloxone “enabling” drug use, particularly in law enforcement settings, to continue to reduce stigma surrounding naloxone availability.
First‐stance phase force contributions to acceleration sprint performance in semi‐professional soccer players
Authors: Wdowski Maximilian M. , Gittoes Marianne J.R. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackground: Sprint running is a key determinant of player performance in soccer that is typically assessed and monitored using temporal methods. Purpose: The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between ground reaction force kinetics at the first step and sprint running performance in soccer players in order to enhance the development of training and assessment methods. Methods: Nineteen semi‐professional soccer players participated (mean ± s: age 21.1 ± 1.9 years, body mass 79.4 ± 7.3 kg and stature 1.79 ± 0.06 m). The participants completed 20 m acceleration sprint runs as timing gates recorded split times between 0–5, 5–10, 10–15, 15–20 and 0–20 m. A force plate captured vertical, anteroposterior and mediolateral ground reaction force data (1000 Hz) of the first right foot strike stance phase. Results: Ground reaction force metrics, including peak anteroposterior propulsive force (r = 0.66 to 0.751; P = .000 to. 002), peak vertical ground reaction force (r = 0.456 to 0.464; P = .045 to. 05), average medial‐lateral/anteroposterior orientation angle (r = −0.463; P = .023), and average anteroposterior/vertical orientation angle (r = −0.44; P = .03) were correlated with one or all split times between 0–5 m, 5–10 m, 10–15 m, 15–20 m and 0–20 m. Conclusions: Acceleration sprint running in soccer requires minimised mediolateral and increased anteroposterior loading in the stance phase. Multi‐component ground reaction force measures of the first step in acceleration sprint runs are important for developing performance assessments, and understanding force application techniques employed by soccer players.
Comparison of the WEKA and SVM-light based on support vector machine in classifying Alzheimer’s disease using structural features from brain MR imaging
Authors: Tantiwetchayanon K , Vichianin Y , Ekjeen T , Srungboonmee K , Ngamsombat C , Chawalparit O 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The aim was to compare the WEKA and SVM-light software based on support vector machine (SVM) algorithm using features from brain T1-weighted MRI for differentiating AD patients and normal elderly subjects. The FreeSurfer software was used to extract cerebral volumes and thicknesses from T1-weighted brain MRI (100 AD patients and 100 normal elderly subjects). Seven structures were selected based on literature reviews consisting of hippocampus and amygdala volume, entorhinal cortex thickness of both hemispheres, and total gray matter volume. Relative volume of hippocampus, amygdala, and total gray matter were normalized by total intracranial volume (TIV). Fifteen combinations of seven structures were applied as input features to WEKA and SVM-light. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis and area under the curve (AUC) were used to evaluate the classification performance. The combination of hippocampus relative volume and entorhinal cortex thickness provided the highest classification performance and the AUC values were 0.913 and 0.918 for WEKA and SVM-light, respectively. There was no statistically difference of the AUC values (p-value > 0.05) between two software using the same input features. In conclusion, there was no statistically difference between the use of WEKA and SVM-light software for differentiating AD patients and normal elderly subjects.
Evaluation of metal artefacts reduction by application of monoenergetic extrapolation of dual-energy CT: A phantom study with different metal implants
Authors: Saidun H A , Shuaib I L , Daud N M , Sobri N F M , Osman N D 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the application of monoenergetic (ME) extrapolation technique of dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) for metal artefact reduction using phantom study. This study involved phantom study with a customized phantom consisting different types of metal implant such as titanium and stainless steel. The phantom was scanned using a single-source DECT scanner (SOMATOM Definition AS+, Siemens Healthcare, Germany) with dual-energy mode of 140/80 kV spectrum. The commercially available post-processing software (Syngo DE, Siemens) was applied to generate ME image datasets with different extrapolated energies ranged from 55 to 160 keV. The reduction of artefacts was measured qualitatively and quantitatively using region of interests (ROIs) statistical analysis. The results show 60% of metal streak regions were reduced significantly at higher extrapolated energy which is 160 keV. Quantitative analysis also resulted in lower HU readings within the region of artefact for 160 keV. However, higher extrapolated energy resulted in higher noise and lower signal-to-noise (SNR) value. ME images at 160 keV appear noisier while ME images at 64, 70 and 80 keV appear smoother. Metal artefacts induced by both metal implants were reduced significantly using DECT ME extrapolation and diagnostic quality of CT images also improved. It can be achieved by using higher ME of DECT. However, image noise is higher, and SNR is reduced with higher ME extrapolated energy.