bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Insights Breast Cancer through mitochondrial genomics
Authors: Baptista-Rosas Raúl Cuauhtemoc , Mercado-Sesma Arieh Roldán , Hernández Luis Enrique , Avalos Jorge Hermilo Vega , Miranda Jonathan Alejandro O’Connor , Cruz Alma Aurora Arreola , Ramos José Alfonso Cruz , Ortega Luis Daniel Hernández , Muñoz Alberto Daniel Rocha , Luna Felipe de Jesús Orozco , Rodriguez Marco Andres Perez , López Rocío Ortiz 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background Breast cancer has a predominant incidence and prevalence in Caucasian women. Although alterations in the mitochondrial genome probably play an important role in carcinogenesis, the actual evidence is ambiguous and inconclusive. The purpose of the present work was to determine the frequency of polymorphisms associated with breast cancer exploring mitochondrial sequences of clinical cases diagnosed from different origins reusing information available in the public free access database GenBank.Results 110 mtDNA sequences associated to breast cancer cases were identified, of which 72 sequences were complete mitochondrial chromosome and 38 partial sequences. Of these 110 identified sequences, 85 belong to patients with a confirmed diagnosis of breast cancer and 25 complete sequences were obtained from healthy mammary tissue of the same patients. In addition, we obtained 49 complete mtDNA sequences from Eskimo and Inuit individuals, a low prevalence breast cancer population, used as controls. From patients diagnosed with breast cancer, T16519C was found in 60% of the breast cancer sequences and less than 20% of controls sequences (P = 0.427). Two changes were found in D130 in all sequences analyzed, the first characterized by the insertion of base C in position 315 and, the second, a transition of cytosine by at least two cytosines and one thymine at position 309 always followed by another transition of thymine by cytosine in the position 310. ConclusionsBoth polymorphisms, T16519C and D130, are evolutionarily related to haplogroup H of Caucasian origin of Indo-European and Euro Asiatic origins. However, they were also found in all sequences of non-European origin with breast cancer. The changes in the mtDNA of patients with breast cancer are polymorphic and not associated with a few unique mutations.
Palyatif Bakım Eğitimlerinin Sürdürülebilirliği
Authors: Akalın Betül , Modanlıoğlu Ayşenur 
Published: September 2019

Çalışmada Palyatif bakım ünitesinde yatmakta olan hasta refakatçilerine
verilen palyatif bakım eğitimlerinin evde bakım sürecindeki devamlılık
durumlarının tespiti amaçlanmıştır. 01.09/31.11.2018 tarihleri arasında ünitede
yatan 258 hastanın taburculuk tarihini takiben üç ayın sonundaki verileri
çalışmaya dahil edilmiştir. Veri toplama
aracı olarak oluşturulan soru formundaki bilgilerin toplanmasında hastane
kayıtları ve hasta/hasta yakınları ile yapılan telefon görüşmeleri kullanılmıştır. Ortalama yaşın 77.29±13.64, palyatif bakım
ünitesindeki yatış gün sayısı ise 21.37±25,86 olarak belirlendiği çalışmada 116
(%44,97) hastanın vefat ettiği, 70 (%27,13) hastaya iletişim verilerindeki
eksik/ hata nedeniyle ulaşılamadığı 72 (%27,90) hastanın ise evde bakım
sürecine devam ettiği saptanmıştır. Bu hastaların 60 (83,33) ‘ı palyatif bakım
sürecinde eğitim aldıklarını 50 (83,33)’ si bu eğitimi evde bakım sürecinde
kullandıklarını ve Palyatif bakım eğitiminden %90 oranında memnun oldukları
belirtmişlerdir. Palyatif Bakım sürecinde hastaya refakat eden kişinin yakınlık
durumu hastane otamasyon sistemine kaydı yapılmış 244 (%94,57) hasta verisinden
elde edilebilmiş olup yatan 175 (%71,72) hastaya akrabalık bağı olan, 69
(%28,27) hastaya ise bakıcı olarak çalışan kişilerin refakat ettiği bulgusuna
ulaşılmıştır. Evde bakım süreci geçiren tüm (ex ve yaşayan) hastalara ilişkin refakatçi
bilgisi, konuşmak istememe, bilgisizlik, kurum ve çalışanlara tepki, yas süreci
gibi nedenlerle 93 (%88,57), hastanede refakatçilik yapan kişinin evde bakım
sürecine devamlılığı bilgisi ise 95 (90,47) hasta yakınından elde edilebilmiştir.
Bu hastaların evde bakımı akrabalık bağı olan (eş, kızı, oğul, anne, gelin,
enişte v.b) 48 (%51,61), bakıcı olarak 45 (%48,38) kişi tarafından sağlandığı
bulgusuna ulaşılmıştır. Hastanede hasta refakatçisi olarak bulunup evde bakım sürecinde
de devam eden kişilerin 78 (%82,11)’nin aynı kişi, 17 (%17,89)' sinin ise
farklı kişiler olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak taburculuklarından üç ay sonra hastaların %44,97
oranında vefat ettiği, yatış sürecinde palyatif bakım eğitimi alan bireylerin,
evde bakım sürecinde de %82,11 oranında aynı kişi olarak bakım devamlılığı
sağladığı, %83,33 oranında aldıkları eğitimi evde kullandıklarını ve %90
oranında aldıkları eğitimden memnun kaldıkları ve bu sebeple etkili eğitimin
karşılığının bulunduğu sonucuna ulaşıldı
The Relationship Between the Serotonin Metabolism, Gut-Microbiota and the Gut-Brain Axis
Authors: Stasi Cristina , Sadalla Sinan , Milani Stefano 
Published: September 2019

Background::Serotonin (5-HT) has a pleiotropic function in gastrointestinal, neurological/psychiatric and liver diseases. The aim of this review was to elucidate whether the gut-microbiota played a critical role in regulating peripheral serotonin levels.Methods::We searched for relevant studies published in English using the PubMed database from 1993 to the present.Results: :Several studies suggested that alterations in the gut-microbiota may contribute to a modulation of serotonin signalling. The first indication regarded the changes in the composition of the commensal bacteria and the intestinal transit time caused by antibiotic treatment. The second indication regarded the changes in serotonin levels correlated to specific bacteria. The third indication regarded the fact that decreased serotonin transporter expression was associated with a shift in gut-microbiota from homeostasis to inflammatory type microbiota. Serotonin plays a key role in the regulation of visceral pain, secretion, and initiation of the peristaltic reflex; however, its altered levels are also detected in many different psychiatric disorders. Symptoms of some gastrointestinal functional disorders may be due to deregulation in central nervous system activity, dysregulation at the peripheral level (intestine), or a combination of both (brain-gut axis) by means of neuro-endocrine-immune stimuli. Moreover, several studies have demonstrated the profibrogenic role of 5-HT in the liver, showing that it works synergistically with platelet-derived growth factor in stimulating hepatic stellate cell proliferation.Conclusion::Although the specific interaction mechanisms are still unclear, some studies have suggested that there is a correlation between the gut-microbiota, some gastrointestinal and liver diseases and the serotonin metabolism.
Identifying Alzheimer’s Disease-related miRNA Based on Semi-clustering
Authors: Zhao Tianyi , Wang Donghua , Hu Yang , Zhang Ningyi , Zang Tianyi , Wang Yadong 
Published: September 2019

Background:
More and more scholars are trying to use it as a specific biomarker for Alzheimer’s
Disease (AD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Multiple studies have indicated that
miRNAs are associated with poor axonal growth and loss of synaptic structures, both of which are early
events in AD. The overall loss of miRNA may be associated with aging, increasing the incidence of
AD, and may also be involved in the disease through some specific molecular mechanisms.

Objective:
Identifying Alzheimer’s disease-related miRNA can help us find new drug targets, early
diagnosis.

Materials and Methods:
We used genes as a bridge to connect AD and miRNAs. Firstly, proteinprotein
interaction network is used to find more AD-related genes by known AD-related genes. Then,
each miRNA’s correlation with these genes is obtained by miRNA-gene interaction. Finally, each
miRNA could get a feature vector representing its correlation with AD. Unlike other studies, we do not
generate negative samples randomly with using classification method to identify AD-related miRNAs.
Here we use a semi-clustering method ‘one-class SVM’. AD-related miRNAs are considered as outliers
and our aim is to identify the miRNAs that are similar to known AD-related miRNAs (outliers).

Results and Conclusion:
We identified 257 novel AD-related miRNAs and compare our method with
SVM which is applied by generating negative samples. The AUC of our method is much higher than
SVM and we did case studies to prove that our results are reliable.
Identification of the Differentially Expressed Genes Involved in the Synergistic Neurotoxicity of an HIV Protease Inhibitor and Methamphetamine
Authors: Li Sangsang , Li Yanfei , Deng Bingpeng , Yan Jie , Wang Yong 
Published: September 2019

Background:
The abuse of psychostimulants such as methamphetamine (METH) is
common in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals. Acquired immunodeficiency
syndrome (AIDS) patients taking METH and antiretroviral drugs could suffer severe neurologic
damage and cognitive impairment.

Objective:
To reveal the underlying neuropathologic mechanisms of an HIV protease inhibitor (PI)
combined with METH, growth-inhibition tests of dopaminergic cells and RNA sequencing were performed.

Methods:
A combination of METH and PI caused more growth inhibition of dopaminergic cells
than METH alone or a PI alone. Furthermore, we identified differentially expressed gene (DEG) patterns
in the METH vs. untreated cells (1161 genes), PI vs. untreated cells (16 genes), METH-PI vs.
PI (3959 genes), and METH-PI vs. METH groups (14 genes).

Results:
The DEGs in the METH-PI co-treatment group were verified in the brains of a mouse
model using quantitative polymerase chain reaction and were involved mostly in the regulatory functions
of cell proliferation and inflammation.

Conclusion:
Such identification of key regulatory genes could facilitate the study of their neuroprotective
potential in the users of METH and PIs.
Comparison of Antioxidant and Anti-Tyrosinase Activities of Pineapple (Ananas comosus) Core Extract and Luteolin Compound
Authors: Vrianty Dela , Qodariah Rismawati Laila , Widowati Wahyu , Sinaga Ade Putra Fratama , Fibrina Dewi , Fachrial Edy , Lister I Nyoman Ehrich 
Published: September 2019

Free radicals and UV exposure can cause aging. Aging prevention needs substances that can prevent molecular oxidation reactions in cells and inhibit the activity of enzymes that trigger aging. Research on pineapple skin and flesh extract (Ananas comosus (L.) Merr.) reported the presence of luteolin compound which functions as antioxidants and antityrosinase. However, in this study, the object used was pineapple core extract (PCE), which has not been widely known for its antioxidant and antityrosinase activity. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the content of phytochemical compounds, antioxidant activity, and inhibitory activity of tyrosinase enzymes by PCE and then compared with the luteolin (LT) compound test results using Fansworth method, DPPH scavenging activity assay and tyrosinase enzyme inhibition assay. Based on the study results, the phytochemical compounds contained in PCE were tannins and triterpenoids.Â PCE and LT produced the highest DPPH scavenging activity, which was 64.86% and 59.32% (final concentration 200Î¼g/ml and 6.25Î¼g/ml) and the highest tyrosinase inhibition activity, which was 60.52% and 85.02% (final concentration 100 Î¼g/ml). Antioxidant activity was determined based on IC50 of 87.46Âµg/mL and 4.17 Âµg/ml respectively. IC50 tyrosinase enzyme inhibition EBN and LT respectively at 62.27Âµg/ml and 5.25 Âµg/ml. Antioxidant activity through DPPH free radical scavenging test and tyrosinase enzyme inhibition activity by PCE was lower than LT.
Valuable Genomes: Taxonomy and Archetypes of Business Models in Direct-to-Consumer Genetic Testing
Authors: Thiebes Scott , Toussaint Philipp A , Ju Jaehyeon , Ahn Jae-Hyeon , Lyytinen Kalle , Sunyaev Ali 
Published: September 2019

Background
Recent progress in genome data collection and analysis technologies has led to a surge of direct-to-consumer (DTC) genetic testing services. Owing to the clinical value and sensitivity of genomic data, as well as uncertainty and hearsay surrounding business practices of DTC genetic testing service providers, DTC genetic testing has faced significant criticism by researchers and practitioners. Research in this area has centered on ethical and legal implications of providing genetic tests directly to consumers, but we still lack a more profound understanding of how businesses in the DTC genetic testing markets work and provide value to different stakeholders.

Objective
The aim of this study was to address the lack of knowledge concerning business models of DTC genetic testing services by systematically identifying the salient properties of various DTC genetic testing service business models as well as discerning dominant business models in the market.

Methods
We employed a 3-phased research approach. In phase 1, we set up a database of 277 DTC genetic testing services. In phase 2, we drew on these data as well as conceptual models of DTC genetic testing services and iteratively developed a taxonomy of DTC genetic testing service business models. In phase 3, we used a 2-stage clustering method to cluster the 277 services that we identified during phase 1 and derived 6 dominant archetypes of DTC genetic testing service business models.

Results
The contributions of this research are 2-fold. First, we provided a first of its kind, systematically developed taxonomy of DTC genetic testing service business models consisting of 15 dimensions in 4 categories. Each dimension comprises 2 to 5 characteristics and captures relevant aspects of DTC genetic testing service business models. Second, we derived 6 archetypes of DTC genetic testing service business models named as follows: (1) low-cost DTC genomics for enthusiasts, (2) high-privacy DTC genomics for enthusiasts, (3) specific information tests, (4) simple health tests, (5) basic low-value DTC genomics, and (6) comprehensive tests and low data processing.

Conclusions
Our analysis paints a much more complex business landscape in the DTC genetic testing market than previously anticipated. This calls for further research on business models and their effects that underlie DTC genetic testing services and invites specific regulatory interventions to protect consumers and level the playing field.
Is there a relationship between dental crowding and the size of the maxillary or mandibular apical base?
Authors: Crossley Aaron M. , Campbell Phillip M. , Tadlock Larry P. , Schneiderman Emet , Buschang Peter H. 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACTObjective:To determine whether apical base size is related to dental crowding.Materials and Methods:Digital scans of dental casts were taken of 75 untreated Class I adults to measure maxillary and mandibular tooth size, dental arch perimeters, intermolar widths, and intercanine widths. Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images were used to measure the apical base of the maxilla and mandible, including the total cross-sectional area, five basal arch perimeters and five basal arch widths. Principal components factor analyses were performed to evaluate the relationships between the apical base size and tooth-size-arch-length discrepancies (TSALD).Results:The dental arch and maxillary apical base measures were significantly larger in males than females. There were only limited sex differences in mandibular apical base size. The dental arch measurements were smaller in subjects with greater upper and lower TSALD. Maxillary and mandibular apical base dimensions were positively interrelated. Low-to-moderate correlations were found between the size of the maxillary apical base and TSALD. The size of the mandibular apical base was not related to upper or lower TSALD. Tooth size showed little to no relationship with TSALD.Conclusions:Although maxillary apical base size is related to maxillary and mandibular crowding in subjects with Class I malocclusion, mandibular apical base size is not.
Incidences of Severe Hypoglycemia and Diabetic Ketoacidosis and Prevalence of Microvascular Complications Stratified by Age and Glycemic Control in U.S. Adult Patients With Type 1 Diabetes: A Real-World Study
Authors: Pettus Jeremy H. , Zhou Fang Liz , Shepherd Leah , Preblick Ronald , Hunt Phillip R. , Paranjape Sachin , Miller Kellee M. , Edelman Steven V. 
Published: September 2019

OBJECTIVE
To assess the burden of disease for adults with type 1 diabetes in a U.S. electronic health record database by evaluating acute and microvascular complications stratified by age and glycemic control.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
This is a retrospective observational study of adults with type 1 diabetes (1 July 2014–30 June 2016) classified using a validated algorithm, with disease duration ≥24 months and, during a 12-month baseline period, not pregnant and having one or more insulin prescriptions and one or more HbA1c measurements. Demographic characteristics, acute complications (severe hypoglycemia [SH], diabetic ketoacidosis [DKA]), and microvascular complications (neuropathy, nephropathy, retinopathy) were stratified by age (18–25, 26–49, 50–64, ≥65 years) and glycemic control (HbA1c &lt;7%, 7% to &lt;9%, ≥9%).

RESULTS
Of 31,430 patients, ∼20% had HbA1c &lt;7%. Older patients had lower HbA1c values than younger patients (P &lt; 0.001). Patients with poor glycemic control had the highest annual incidence of SH (4.2%, 4.0%, and 8.3%) and DKA (1.3%, 2.8%, and 15.8%) for HbA1c &lt;7%, 7% to &lt;9%, and ≥9% cohorts, respectively (both P &lt; 0.001), and a higher prevalence of neuropathy and nephropathy (both P &lt; 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS
For adults with type 1 diabetes, glycemic control appears worse than previously estimated. Rates of all complications increased with increasing HbA1c. Compared with HbA1c &lt;7%, HbA1c ≥9% was associated with twofold and 12-fold higher incidences of SH and DKA, respectively. Younger adults had more pronounced higher risks of SH and DKA associated with poor glycemic control than older adults.
One Year Clinical Experience of the First Commercial Hybrid Closed-Loop System
Authors: Lal Rayhan A. , Basina Marina , Maahs David M. , Hood Korey , Buckingham Bruce , Wilson Darrell M. 
Published: September 2019

OBJECTIVE
In September 2016, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved the Medtronic 670G “hybrid” closed-loop system. In Auto Mode, this system automatically controls basal insulin delivery based on continuous glucose monitoring data but requires users to enter carbohydrates and blood glucose for boluses. To track real-world experience with this first commercial closed-loop device, we prospectively followed pediatric and adult patients starting the 670G system.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
This was a 1-year prospective observational study of patients with type 1 diabetes starting the 670G system between May 2017 and May 2018 in clinic.

RESULTS
Of the total of 84 patients who received 670G and consented, 5 never returned for follow-up, with 79 (aged 9–61 years) providing data at 1 week and 3, 6, 9, and/or 12 months after Auto Mode initiation. For the 86% (68 out of 79) with 1-week data, 99% (67 out of 68) successfully started. By 3 months, at least 28% (22 out of 79) had stopped using Auto Mode; at 6 months, 34% (27 out of 79); at 9 months, 35% (28 out of 79); and by 12 months, 33% (26 out of 79). The primary reason for continuing Auto Mode was desire for increased time in range. Reasons for discontinuation included sensor issues in 62% (16 out of 26), problems obtaining supplies in 12% (3 out of 26), hypoglycemia fear in 12% (3 out of 26), multiple daily injection preference in 8% (2 out of 26), and sports in 8% (2 out of 26). At all visits, there was a significant correlation between hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and Auto Mode utilization.

CONCLUSIONS
While Auto Mode utilization correlates with improved glycemic control, a focus on usability and human factors is necessary to ensure use of Auto Mode. Alarms and sensor calibration are a major patient concern, which future technology should alleviate.
أثر القراءات القرآنية في توجيه المعنى التفسيري
Authors: Sofwan Muhammad 
Published: September 2019

Abstract: This study was aimed at knowing differences of meaning resultedfrom different qiro’at and explaining the sources of difference that cause differentinterpretation. This study also explains the definition and types of qiro’at as wellas opinions of ’Ulama in stating that it is obligatory to follow the correct ‘qiro’at.In addition, this study also presents some examples of different qiro’at in differentverses or chapters of the holy Qur’an based on ‘Asyarah qiro’at leader.Keywords: qiro’at, meaning differences, Imam qiro’at Asyarah.
Abstrak: Penelitian ini membahas tentang efek ma’na yang muncul karenaperbedaan Qira’at. Dengan tujuan menjelaskan sumber-sumber perbedaan paraImam dalam Qira’at yang menjadikan perbedaan dalam arah penafsiran mereka.Di sini dijelaskan definisi dan macam-macam qira’at serta pendapat para Ulamadalam menghukumi wajibnya berpegang teguh pada qira’at yang shohih. Padatulisan ini juga terdapat beberapa contoh perbedaan Qira’at pada beberapa suratal-Qur’an dengan menyandarkan masing-masing bacaan kepada Imam qira’at‘Asyarah. Menjelaskan bagaimana cara mereka mengarahkan perbedaan qira’atpada penafsiran ayat-ayat al-Qur’an dengan mengacu pada referensi dari bukubukubahasa serta Hadist Nabi Muhamad SAW.Kata Kunci: qiro’at, perbedaan makna, Imam qiro’at Asyarah.
The first record of the genusDipteranthus(Orchidaceae) in the Guyana, description of a new species
Authors: Szlachetko Dariusz L. , Lipińska Monika M. , Skorowska Iwona 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe orchid genusDipteranthus, described by Rodrigues in 1882, comprises about 10 species distributed from Venezuela to Bolivia and Brazil. Plants ofDipteranthusare small epiphytes, reaching in total up to 10 cm in length, hence, are easily overlooked in the field. Modern classification ofDipteranthusis still under discussion. During the revision of orchids of the Guianas, we came across some specimens that do not match morphological characters of any previously knownDipteranthusspecies. Thus, we propose that these specimens represent a new species –Dipteranthus clarkei sp. nov. D. clarkeiis the first representative of the genus known from Guyana.
Genetic variability in sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 influences glycemic control and risk for diabetic retinopathy in type 2 diabetes patients
Authors: Klen Jasna , Goričar Katja , Dolžan Vita 
Published: September 2019

Summary

Background
Gluconeogenesis and renal glucose excretion in kidneys both play an important role in glucose homeostasis. Sodium-glucose cotransporter (SGLT2), coded by the SLC5A2 gene is responsible for reabsorption up to 99% of the filtered glucose in proximal tubules. SLC5A2 genetic polymorphisms were suggested to influence glucose homeostasis. We investigated if common SLC5A2 rs9934336 polymorphism influences glycemic control and risk for macro or microvascular complications in Slovenian type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients.

Methods
All 181 clinically well characterized T2D patients were genotyped for SLC5A2 rs9934336 G>A polymorphism. Associations with glycemic control and T2D complications were assessed with nonparametric tests and logistic regression.

Results
: SLC5A2 rs9934336 was significantly associated with increased fasting blood glucose levels (P<0.001) and HbA1c levels under the dominant genetic model (P=0.030). After adjustment for T2D duration, significantly higher risk for diabetic retinopathy was present in carriers of at least one polymorphic SLC5A2 rs9934336 A allele compared to non-carriers (OR=7.62; 95%CI=1.65–35.28; P=0.009).

Conclusions
Our pilot study suggests an important role of SLC5A2 polymorphisms in the physiologic process of glucose reabsorption in kidneys in T2D patients. This is also the first report on the association between SLC5A2 polymorphism and diabetic retinopathy.