bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
First Outcomes of the ZSI 475 FtM, a Specific Prosthesis Designed for Phalloplasty
Authors: Neuville Paul , Morel-Journel Nicolas , Cabelguenne Delphine , Ruffion Alain , Paparel Philippe , Terrier Jean-Etienne 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

Introduction
The ZSI 475FtM is a new prosthesis that has recently been specifically designed for phalloplasty. It has several functions that have been conceived to answer the challenges of implantation after phalloplasty: a large base for pubic bone fixation, realistically shaped hard glans, and a pump shaped like a testicle.

Aim
To assess the safety, feasibility, and patient satisfaction of the ZSI 475 FtM.

Methods
Surgical outcomes were analyzed after implantation of the prosthesis between June 2016 and September 2017 (single institution, single surgeon). Patients were then asked to answer a satisfaction questionnaire that included the International Index of Erectile Function–5, Erectile Dysfunction Inventory of Treatment Satisfaction, and Self-Esteem and Relationship, as well as other non-validated questions.

Main Outcome Measure
Complication rates and the scores of the different questionnaires were reviewed.

Results
20 patients who had gender dysphoria and underwent operation for a female-to-male procedure were included. The mean age was 37.9 years. Complications after 21 implantations included 2 (9.5%) infections that were medically treated (Clavien II), 1 (4.7%) infection treated by explantation (Clavien IIIb), 2 (9.5%) mechanical failures (Clavien IIIb), and 1 (4.7%) malpositioning (Clavien IIIb). The mean follow-up was 8.9 months (SD 4.0), with 50% of the implanted patients having &gt;12 months of follow-up. 14 patients (70%) answered the satisfaction questionnaire. 12 patients (85.7%) had regular penetrative sexual intercourse. The mean International Index of Erectile Function–5 score was 20.2 of 25 (standard deviation [SD] 7.9), the mean Self-Esteem and Relationship score was 84.5 of 100 (SD 9.9), and the mean Erectile Dysfunction Inventory of Treatment Satisfaction score was 82 of 100 (SD 17.5). 13 patients (92.8%) were satisfied or very satisfied with the prosthesis.

Clinical Implications
This new innovative prosthesis could better answer the challenges faced by the implantation of an erectile device by phalloplasty.

Strength & Limitations
Our study is the first to report data on this new prosthesis. The main limitation is the small number of patients and the short follow-up.

Conclusion
Preliminary results for the ZSI 475 FtM are encouraging. Safety seems to be satisfactory, and patient satisfaction is high. Long-term studies are needed for further analysis.
Long-term Effects of Disasters on Health Care Utilization: Hurricane Katrina and Older Individuals with Diabetes
Authors: Quast Troy , Feng Lijuan 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACTObjectiveWhile the short-term effects of disasters on health care utilization are well documented, less is known regarding potential longer-term effects. This study investigates the effects of Hurricane Katrina on the health care utilization of older individuals with diabetes.MethodsWe examined Medicare claims and enrollment data for the 2002-2004 and 2006-2008 time periods for older individuals with diabetes. Our quasi-experimental design analyzed utilization across 2 treated and 3 control groups. We compared the proportion of individuals who received a screen related to diabetes before and after Katrina in the treated groups to the proportions in the control groups. Our regression analysis employs individual and year fixed effects to control for factors specific to a given individual or to a given year.ResultsWe found that utilization rates in the 2002-2004 period exhibited roughly parallel trends for the treated and control groups, which provides support for our research design. The 2006-2008 utilization rates were generally lower for the treated groups than they were for the control groups. The differences were especially pronounced for older age cohorts.ConclusionsOur study suggests that the effects of disasters on health care utilization may persist for years after the event. Recovery efforts may be improved by addressing both short-term and long-term health care interruptions. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2019;13:724–731)
Comparison of the growth performance and long-chain PUFA biosynthetic ability of the genetically improved farmed tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) reared in different salinities
Authors: You Cuihong , Lu Fangbin , Wang Shuqi , Chen Cuiying , Li Yuanyou 
Published: January 2019

AbstractTo compare the growth and biosynthetic ability of long-chain PUFA (LC-PUFA) of the genetically improved farmed tilapia (GIFT) (Oreochromis niloticus) in different water salinities, an 8-week feeding trial was conducted on the GIFT juveniles at 0, 12 and 24 ‰ (parts per thousand; ppt), respectively, with three isonitrogenous (32 %) and isolipidic (8 %) diets (D1–D3). Diet D1 with fish oils (rich in LC-PUFA) as lipid source was used as the control, while D2 and D3 with vegetable oil (free LC-PUFA) blends as lipid source contained different ratios of linoleic acid (LA, 18 : 2n-6) and α-linolenic acid (ALA, 18 : 3n-3) at 4·04 (D2) and 0·54 (D3), respectively. At the end of feeding trial, the growth performance of D2 and D3 groups under all salinity treatments was as good as that of D1 group, which indicates that the GIFT juveniles may convert dietary LA and ALA into LC-PUFA to meet the requirement of essential fatty acids for normal growth and physiology. When fed the same diets, GIFT at 12 ppt had a better growth performance coupled with a higher liver and muscle arachidonic acid content than those in freshwater. Furthermore, brackish water (24 ppt) significantly promoted the mRNA levels of elongase 5 of very long-chain fatty acids (elovl5) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (pparα) in liver, when compared with freshwater. These results suggest that the GIFT may display better growth performance together with a relatively higher endogenous LC-PUFA biosynthetic ability under brackish water (12 and 24 ppt), probably through improving the expression of elovl5 and pparα in liver.
A Palaeoproterozoic basement beneath the Rangnim Massif revealed by the in situ U–Pb ages and Hf isotopes of xenocrystic zircons from Triassic kimberlites of North Korea
Authors: Zhu Yu-Sheng , Yang Jin-Hui , Wang Hao , Wu Fu-Yuan 
Published: January 2019

AbstractIn situ U–Pb and Hf analyses were used for crustal zircon xenocrysts from Triassic kimberlites exposed in the Rangnim Massif of North Korea to identify components of the basement hidden in the deep crust of the Rangnim Massif and to clarify the crustal evolution of the massif. The U–Pb age spectrum of the zircons has a prominent population at 1.9–1.8 Ga and a lack of Archaean ages. The data indicate that the deep crust and basement beneath the Rangnim Massif are predominantly of Palaeoproterozoic age, consistent with the ages of widely exposed Palaeoproterozoic granitic rocks. In situ zircon Hf isotope data show that most of the Palaeoproterozoic zircon xenocrysts have negative ϵHf(t) values (−9.7 to +0.7) with an average Hf model age of 2.86 ± 0.02 Ga (2σ), which suggests that the Palaeoproterozoic basement was not juvenile but derived from the reworking of Archaean rocks. Considering the existence of Archaean remanent material in the Rangnim Massif and their juvenile features, a strong crustal reworking event is indicated at 1.9–1.8 Ga, during which time the pre-existing Archaean basement was exhausted and replaced by a newly formed Palaeoproterozoic basement. These features suggest that the Rangnim Massif constitutes the eastern extension of the Palaeoproterozoic Liao–Ji Belt of the North China Craton instead of the Archaean Liaonan Block as previously thought. A huge Palaeoproterozoic orogen may exist in the eastern margin of the Sino-Korean Craton.
Appointments and attrition: time and executive disadvantage in the appointments process
Authors: Hollibaugh Gary E. , Rothenberg Lawrence S. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractWhile the importance of political appointments is a matter of consensus, theorists and empiricists generally focus on different considerations, such as ideology and confirmation duration, respectively. More recently, there have been efforts to integrate empirical and theoretical scholarship but, to date, no empirical analysis assesses theoretical expectations about the relationship between temporal concerns and nominee ideologies. We fill this gap by examining theoretical predictions and related expectations about how the passage of time affects the President’s choices of nominees. We find that executives are disadvantaged as days pass and Presidents propose nominees with whom they are less ideologically compatible over time.
Data preprocessing in predictive data mining
Authors: Alexandropoulos Stamatios-Aggelos N. , Kotsiantis Sotiris B. , Vrahatis Michael N. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractA large variety of issues influence the success of data mining on a given problem. Two primary and important issues are the representation and the quality of the dataset. Specifically, if much redundant and unrelated or noisy and unreliable information is presented, then knowledge discovery becomes a very difficult problem. It is well-known that data preparation steps require significant processing time in machine learning tasks. It would be very helpful and quite useful if there were various preprocessing algorithms with the same reliable and effective performance across all datasets, but this is impossible. To this end, we present the most well-known and widely used up-to-date algorithms for each step of data preprocessing in the framework of predictive data mining.
Health Care Provision During a Sporting Mass Gathering: A Structure and Process Description of On-Site Care Delivery
Authors: Johnston Amy N. B. , Wadham Jasmine , Polong-Brown Josea , Aitken Michael , Ranse Jamie , Hutton Alison , Richards Brent , Crilly Julia 
Published: January 2019

AbstractIntroductionMass gatherings such as marathons are increasingly frequent. During mass gatherings, the provision of timely access to health care services is required for the mass-gathering population, as well as for the local community. However, the nature and impact of health care provision during sporting mass gatherings is not well-understood.PurposeThe aim of this study was to describe the structures and processes developed for an emergency health team to operate an in-event, acute health care facility during one of the largest mass-sporting participation events in the southern hemisphere, the Gold Coast Marathon (Queensland, Australia).MethodsA pragmatic, qualitative methodology was used to describe the structures and processes required to operate an in-event, acute health care facility providing services for marathon runners and spectators. Content analysis from 12 semi-structured interviews with emergency department (ED) clinical staff working during the two-day event was undertaken in 2016.FindingsImportant structural elements of the in-event health care facility included: physical spaces, such as the clinical zones in the marathon health tent and surrounding area, and access and egress points; and resources such as bilingual staff, senior medical staff, and equipment such as electrocardiograms (ECGs) and intravenous fluids. Process elements of the in-event health care facility included clear communication pathways, as well as inter-professional care coordination and engagement involving shared knowledge of and access to resources, and distinct but overlapping clinical scope between nurses and doctors. This was seen to be critical for timely care provision and appropriate case management. Staff reported many perceived benefits and opportunities of in-event health care delivery, including ED avoidance and disaster training.ConclusionsThis in-event model of emergency care delivery, established in an out-of-hospital location, enabled the delivery of acute health care that could be clearly described and defined. Staff reported satisfaction with their ability to provide a meaningful contribution to hospital avoidance and to the local community. With the number of sporting mass gatherings increasing, this temporary, in-event model of health care provision is one option for event and health care planners to consider.JohnstonANB, WadhamJ, Polong-BrownJ, AitkenM, RanseJ, HuttonA, RichardsB, CrillyJ.Health care provision during a sporting mass gathering: a structure and process description of on-site care delivery. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2019;34(1):62–71.
Insight: life, death, and ephemerality of Postmodern Architecture
Authors: Szacka Léa-Catherine 
Published: January 2019

In De Arquitectura, Vitruvius lists three interrelated Latin terms – firmitas (strength or structural stability), utilitas (functionality or appropriate spatial accommodation), and venustas (beauty or attractive appearance), as being the basis of good architecture. Regarding firmitas, he implies that a good architect needs to choose the best and most solid materials, regardless of their cost. Yet, perhaps dismissing Vitruvius's advice, in the late 1970s and early 1980s, most Postmodern architects went on to erect buildings that often looked more like stage sets than anything strong and durable.Postmodern designers applied colour, pattern, and ornament to buildings, transferring ordinary and everyday popular imagery, forms, and material into high culture. By rejecting modern design and aesthetics, they also dismissed the building techniques and materials used by their predecessors. As explained by experts from the Portland-based architecture firm Peter Meijer Architect, PC (PMA), ‘there is an inherent impermanence of the original materials based on a default decision making process that limited a building's longevity to a twenty-five year life-cycle’ for Postmodern architecture. In other words, Postmodern buildings were often built as ephemeral constructions, for which longevity was not an absolute value.
Relationships between stress, demographics and dietary intake behaviours among low-income pregnant women with overweight or obesity
Authors: Chang Mei-Wei , Tan Alai , Schaffir Jonathan 
Published: January 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo identify demographic risk factors associated with high stress and examine the relationships between levels of stress, demographics and dietary fat, fruit and vegetable intakes in low-income pregnant women with overweight or obesity.DesignA cross-sectional study.SettingParticipants were recruited from the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children in Michigan, USA.ParticipantsParticipants (n 353) were non-Hispanic Black (black) or White (white).ResultsWomen aged 35 years or older (OR=4·09; 95% CI 1·45, 11·51) and who had high school or less education (OR=1·88; 95% CI 1·22, 2·89) or were unemployed (OR=1·89; 95% CI 1·15, 3·12) were significantly more likely to report high stress than women who were younger, had at least some college education or were employed/homemakers. However, race and smoking status were not associated with level of stress. Women with high stress reported significantly lower fruit and vegetable intakes but not fat intake than women with low stress. Women aged 35 years or older reported significantly higher vegetable but not fat or fruit intake than women who were 18–24 years old. Black women reported significantly higher fat but not fruit or vegetable intake than white women. Education, employment and smoking status were not significantly associated with dietary intake of fat, fruits and vegetables.ConclusionsNutrition counselling on reducing fat and increasing fruit and vegetable intakes may consider targeting women who are black or younger or who report high stress, respectively.
Cultural aspects of vaginismus therapy: a case series of Arab-Muslim patients
Authors: Zgueb Yosra , Ouali Uta , Achour Radhouane , Jomli Rabaa , Nacef Fethi 
Published: January 2019

AbstractVaginismus in one of the most frequent causes of non-consummation of marriage, and of infertility, in Arab-Muslim societies. Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) proved to be effective, but it is important to consider the cultural context of the patient attending CBT for vaginismus. The aim of our study was therefore to draw attention to the belief systems and behaviours linked to female sexuality and couple relationship in the Arab-Muslim culture. We present a series of four patients representative of the local culture and show how treatment strategies were adapted to fit these behaviours and belief systems, as well as environmental factors. We found that excessive closeness of family members, allowing the family to be intrusive and exercising pressure on the couple, a strict education which highly values virginity, transmits fear of ‘the male’ and fear of sex, and which links sex with pain, were the common denominator of all patients of our case series. We adapted the classical CBT strategies for vaginismus to our cultural context. The educational component was enlarged. Cognitive techniques were used to modify specific traditional beliefs. The integration of the family, and not only of the partner, into the treatment process proved uniquely beneficial for the patients.
Reservoir Operations to Mitigate Drought Effects With a Hedging Policy Triggered by the Drought Prevention Limiting Water Level
Authors: Chang Jianxia , Guo Aijun , Wang Yimin , Ha Yanping , Zhang Ran , Xue Lu , Tu Ziqian 
Published: January 2019

AbstractSevere drought events worldwide have considerably unfavorable effects on social and economic development. This paper proposes a hedging policy triggered by the seasonal drought prevention limiting water level (DPLWL) for reservoir operations during a drought event. By using this hedging policy, water resources managers can determine operating policies for drought emergence management according to specific drought conditions. A modeling framework that determines the seasonal DPLWL under different drought conditions is developed based on long‐term hydrological and meteorological information and optimal reservoir operation schemes. In particular, Fisher's optimal partitioning algorithm is applied to identifying the seasonality of the DPLWL based on hydroclimatological factors and reservoir storage conditions. The multireservoir system in the Yellow River Basin is used as a case study to assess the performance of the hedging policy triggered by DPLWLs. The results show that DPLWL has a significant advantage over the standard reservoir operation rules when dealing with multireservoir operation for drought mitigation.
Proactive, Reactive, and Inactive Pathways for Scientists in a Changing World
Authors: McDonald Karlie S. , Hobday Alistair J. , Thompson Peter A. , Lenton Andrew , Stephenson Robert L. , Mapstone Bruce D. , Dutra Leo X. C. , Bessey Cindy , Boschetti Fabio , Cvitanovic Christopher , Bulman Catherine M. , Fulton Elizabeth A. , Moeseneder Christian H. , Pethybridge Heidi , Plagányi Eva E. , van Putten E. Ingrid , Rothlisberg Peter C. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractAs atmospheric CO2levels continue to rise so too does the risk of severe impacts. Scientists clearly have an important role to play in preparing for and responding to climate change impacts; however, calls by scientists for global action have not led to the required changes. It is timely, therefore, for scientists to critically consider their own approach toward climate change research, particularly if we are to ameliorate or adapt to unwanted outcomes. Here we present three different pathways that allow scientists and scientific institutions to conceptualize the implications of their responses to climate change scenarios. These pathways are illustrated via three plausible futures for the marine environment under climate change. This approach allows future responsibilities, outcomes, and implication to be explored within and across pathways and can be applied to different scenarios for scientists and scientific institutions to anticipate and better prepare to contribute effectively to the future.
Detection of Transient Denitrification During a High Organic Matter Event in the Black Sea
Authors: Fuchsman Clara A. , Paul Barbara , Staley James T. , Yakushev Evgeniy V. , Murray James W. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractN2 production by denitrification can occur in anoxic water or potentially inside organic particles. Here we compare data from the Black Sea, a permanently anoxic basin, during two organic matter regimes: suspended particulate organic matter concentrations were high in the oxycline after the spring bloom in March 2005 compared to lower organic matter concentrations in June 2005, May and October 2007, July 2008, and May 2001. For all cruises, N2 gas had a maximum in the suboxic zone (O2 < 10 μmol/L). During the high organic matter event (March 2005), an additional shallower N2 gas and δ15N‐N2 maxima occurred above the suboxic zone in the oxycline where oxygen concentrations were 30–50 μmol/L. Examination of 16S rRNA indicated that anammox bacteria were not present in the oxycline. The δ15N of biologically produced N2 in the oxycline in March 2005 was significantly enriched (+7‰ to +38‰), not depleted, as would be expected from water column fractionation. A simple diffusion calculation indicated that ammonium produced from remineralization inside particles could be oxidized to nitrate and then completely consumed by denitrification inside the particle. In this calculation, half of denitrified N atoms originated from organic N [δ15N = 11‰] and half of N atoms originated from ambient nitrate [δ15N = 5‰–7‰], producing enriched δ15N‐N2 values. We suggest that denitrifiers were active in microzones inside particulates in hypoxic waters above the suboxic zone of the Black Sea. Denitrification in particles may also explain previous data from the oxycline above ocean oxygen deficient zones.
Evidence for Rupture Through a Double Benioff Zone During the 2017Mw8.2 Chiapas, Mexico Earthquake
Authors: Zhang Hao , Brudzinski Michael R. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractWe combine multi‐array relative back‐projection of high‐frequencyPwaves and finite‐fault modeling of low‐frequencyPwaves from the 8 September 2017Mw8.2 Chiapas, Mexico earthquake to image unilateral rupture on a southeast‐northwest striking subvertical fault plane over depths of 10–70 km. Improved multi‐array relative back‐projection estimates of rupture speed and fault geometry provide key refinements to the slip model from finite‐fault modeling. Compilation of prior seismicity and aftershocks reveals the earthquake initiated in the lower plane of a double Benioff zone (DBZ) and ruptured with large slip across the entire DBZ. The previously aseismic interior does not appear to be due to lack of stress as both planes show downdip extension stresses. Instead, tomographic imaging of DBZs find high Poisson's ratio with fast velocities in the DBZ interior, so we propose that highly hydrated harzburgite generates velocity‐strengthening behavior that inhibits earthquake nucleation, yet it can slip seismically during dynamic weakening from a large throughgoing rupture.