bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical remission of an inoperable malignant insulinoma by the combination treatment with octreotide and everolimus
Authors: Akahori Hiroshi 
Published: January 2019

AbstractWe report a 52‐year‐old woman with inoperable malignant insulinoma with multiple liver metastases. Histological examination of biopsy specimens from the pancreatic and hepatic lesions revealed pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor (pNET), G2. The tumor cells were positive for somatostatin receptor (SSTR) 2, 5, and the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). Monthly intramuscular administration of octreotide LAR and once‐daily oral administration of everolimus combination treatment markedly reduced the sizes of liver metastases, and hypoglycemia was well controlled. Combination treatment with somatostatin analog and mTOR inhibitor may be another effective approach in inoperable metastatic malignant insulinoma.
Comparison of blood oxygen level‐dependent imaging and diffusion‐weighted imaging in early diagnosis of acute kidney injury in animal models
Authors: Zhang Bihui , Wang Yao , Wang Chengyan , Wang Haochen , Kong Hanjing , Zhang Jue , Zou Yinghua , Yang Min 
Published: January 2019

BackgroundEarly diagnosis of acute kidney injury (AKI) has clinical importance. Current methods are neither adequately sensitive nor specific. Blood oxygen level‐dependent (BOLD) imaging and diffusion‐weighted imaging (DWI) may help to assess AKI in the early phase.PurposeTo investigate the feasibility of BOLD imaging and DWI in the assessment of AKI and compare the sensitivities of both techniques in early detection of renal damage.Study TypeProspective animal study.Animal ModelThirty New Zealand white rabbits.Field Strength/Sequence3 T clinical MRI/BOLD and DWI.AssessmentThirty rabbits were divided into three groups (severe AKI group, mild AKI group, and control group). Transarterial renal embolization with different doses of microspheres was performed to create severe and mild AKI disease models. All the MRI scans of kidneys were conducted within 2 hours after the embolization procedure. Histological examinations with hematoxylin and eosin staining were performed to validate renal damage.Statistical TestsAnalysis of variance (ANOVA) for comparisons between groups, and paired t‐test for tests within the same group. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsBoth R2* and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) showed significant differences between the severe AKI group (56.34 ± 3.45 s‐1 for R2*, 1.14 ± 0.23 mm2/s for ADC) and the control group (28.24 ± 2.26 s‐1 for R2*, 1.94 ± 0.33 mm2/s for ADC, both P < 0.01). However, the ADC values did not show significant differences (P = 0.41) between mild AKI group (1.88 ± 0.31 mm2/s for ADC) and the control group (1.94 ± 0.33 mm2/s for ADC), while R2* was still useful in differentiating the two groups (52.32 ± 4.1 s‐1 vs. 28.24 ± 2.26 s‐1 for R2*, P < 0.01). The histopathologic results were found to be correlated with MRI findings.Data ConclusionBOLD contrast and DW images are both effective in detecting AKI noninvasively, but BOLD imaging is more sensitive in early detection of mild ischemia than DWI.Level of Evidence: 1Technical Efficacy: Stage 2J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2019;50:719–724.
Free‐breathing unsedated MRI in children: Justification and techniques
Authors: Janos Sara , Schooler Gary R. , Ngo Jennifer S. , Davis Joseph T. 
Published: January 2019

One of the more common and important challenges in the imaging of children is minimizing image degradation caused by motion. This is especially important in MRI, which is often preferable in the pediatric population due to better tissue characterization and lack of ionizing radiation. However, due to the length of time needed for most examinations, MRI is among the most sensitive to disruption by patient motion. Traditionally, deep conscious sedation or general anesthesia was the most common method of reducing motion in children who are unable or unwilling to follow direction. As the drawbacks and risks of anesthesia in children become more known and accepted, the development and optimization of means of mitigating motion and anxiety in children without the use of sedation or anesthesia becomes more urgent. In this article we describe the risks of sedation in the pediatric population and explore current methods of reducing both patient anxiety and imaging degradation from motion in the unsedated, free‐breathing child.Level of Evidence: 5Technical Efficacy: Stage 5J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2019;50:365–376.
Effects of minimum soil disturbance practices on controlling water erosion in China's slope farmland: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Jia Lizhi , Zhao Wenwu , Fu Bojie , Daryanto Stefani , Wang Shuai , Liu Yanxu , Zhai Ruijie 
Published: January 2019

AbstractSlope farmlands are commonly found in China, and soil loss from slope farmland is the main source of river sediment. Minimum soil disturbance practices were considered effectively in controlling water erosion, especially on slope farmlands. Although their beneficial effects have been universally recognized, further research is still needed to quantify the extent of minimum soil disturbance practices in reducing runoff and sediment yield. We present a quantitative review based on a nationwide meta‐analysis, including 536 runoff and 615 sediment‐paired observations, to evaluate the effectiveness of minimum soil disturbance practices in controlling water erosion in China. Minimum soil disturbance practices in China reduced runoff and sediment yield by 36.09% and 51.69%, respectively. Collecting soil to form ridges with no‐tillage, contour tillage with hedgerow, and micro‐basins tillage demonstrated significantly greater (p < 0.05) runoff and sediment yield reductions than other three practices (no‐tillage, no‐tillage with mulch, and contour tillage). Practices that change in soil properties by microtopography management were superior (p < 0.05) to practices that change soil properties without tillage in reducing runoff and sediment yield. Minimum soil disturbance practices are more effective in reducing sediment yield than runoff due to its additional effects besides reducing runoff directly. No correlations between runoff or sediment yield reduction and slope gradient were observed, whereas the efficiency of water erosion control by minimum soil disturbance practices increased with the increasing slope length. As a soil and water conservation measure, minimum soil disturbance practices can be applied in slope farmland of China.
Clinical application of molecular genetics in lymphatic malformations
Authors: Padia Reema , Zenner Kaitlyn , Bly Randall , Bennett James , Bull Catherine , Perkins Jonathan 
Published: January 2019

ObjectivesTo describe the clinical presentation of lymphatic malformations (LM) and genotypically associated disorders and to summarize the recent literature regarding the genetic etiology of LM and provide a biologic correlation to medical and surgical management.ResultsLM are congenital lesions derived from a developmental abnormality of the lymphatic vessels. The severity of disease varies widely and complications can occur with higher staged disease and those associated with a known constellation of symptoms. Somatic mutations of the PIK3CA gene have been found to be an etiologic factor in the development of LM and associated overgrowth syndromes. Sirolimus is a mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitor that inhibits the pathway downstream of PIK3CA. Preliminary studies in select groups of patients suggest that sirolimus has a role in the medical management of certain aspects of this disease.ConclusionsDiscovery of LM molecular genetics has led to the possibility of targeted therapies and highlights the importance of precision medicine in rare diseases. Identifying genetic mutations in larger cohorts of patients with LM will lead to additional insights. Knowledge of the genetic basis for disease can then lead to discovery of directed medical therapy. A specific molecular diagnosis can also help families understand better why their child is different and provide accurate counseling for subsequent pregnancies.Level of Evidence6
Personality traits and complaining behaviors: A focus on Japanese consumers
Authors: Souiden Nizar , Ladhari Riadh , Nataraajan Rajan 
Published: January 2019

AbstractDespite the fact that personality is thought to be one of the main factors that may explain unhappy consumers’ behavior, very little is known about how it affects their attitudes and complaining strategies. This is particularly true in the case of Japanese consumers where scant research has been conducted on their complaining behaviors. Hence, the main objective of this study is to investigate the roles of three personality traits (i.e., self‐confidence, aggressiveness, and altruism) of Japanese consumers in explaining their attitudes toward complaining, perceived likelihood of successful complaints (PLSCs), and complaining behaviors. On a sample of 263 respondents, a univariate general linear model (GLM) analysis is performed to assess the moderating roles of personality traits on complaint‐related variables. The results show that, on the one hand, in contrast to self‐confidence, the levels (i.e., high vs. low) of aggressiveness and altruism have significant impacts on attitudes toward complaining and PLSCs. However, the level of self‐confidence appears to have the most significant impacts on public complaining behaviors. On the other hand, altruism is found to be the only personality trait that may explain consumers’ private complaining behaviors. Additional analyses reveal interactive effects of the personality traits on complaining attitude and behaviors.
Ferroelectric differential capacitance affected by stresses and strains and implications for use in electronic devices
Authors: Krowne C. M. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThere has been a continuing interest in finding ways to shrink the dimensions of electronic devices, especially active devices like transistors, down to become compatible with the ever decreasing size scales, using fabrication processes such as at Intel, with the trend toward 10 nm. Eventual gate length in MOSFETs is roughly half this dimension. This had been one of the (not the only one) of interests in using ferroelectric (FE) materials in the gate of FETs, for example, when the FE material displays a negative polarization effect. Such ideas as escaping the Boltzmann tyranny have loomed large, regarding the subthreshold voltage, and have motivated this interest. It is generally understood that for stable, steady state operation of devices typical of microwave and millimeter wave electronics, no negative differential capacitance is possible with conventional thinking. However, it may be possible, perhaps in transient regions of the hysteretic curve, with strain engineering of materials, to obtain some if not all elements of the differential capacitance tensor which are negative. The analysis is based upon analyzing the physics using thermodynamic phenomenological free energy.
The effect of poly(ethylene glycol) mixed with poly(l‐lactic acid) on the crystallization characteristics and properties of their blends
Authors: Athanasoulia Ioanna‐Georgia I , Christoforidis Maximos N , Korres Dimitrios M , Tarantili Petroula A 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe non‐isothermal and isothermal crystallizations of extruded poly(l‐lactic acid) (PLLA) blends with 10, 20 and 30 wt% poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) were investigated with differential scanning calorimetry. The formation of α‐form crystals in the blend films was verified using X‐ray diffraction and an increase in crystallinity indexes using Fourier transformation infrared spectroscopy. Crystallization and melting temperatures and crystallinity of PLLA increased with decreasing cooling rate (CR) and showed higher values for the blends. Although PLLA crystallized during both cooling and heating, after incorporation of PEG and with CR = 2 °C min−1 its crystallization was completed during cooling. Increasingly distinct with CR, a small peak appeared on the lower temperature flank of the PLLA melting curve in the blends. A three‐dimensional nucleation process with increasing contribution from nuclei growth at higher CR was verified from Avrami analysis, whereas Kissinger's method showed that the diluent effect of 10 and 20 wt% PEG in PLLA decreased the effective energy barrier. During isothermal crystallization, crystallization half‐time increased with temperature (Tic) for the blends, decreased with PEG content and was lower than that of pure PLLA. In addition, the Avrami rate constants were significantly higher than those of pure PLLA, at the lower Tic. Different crystal morphologies in the PLLA phase were formed, melting in a broader and slightly higher Tm range than pure PLLA. The crystallization activation energy of PLLA decreased by 56% after the addition of 10 wt% PEG, increasing though with PEG content. Finally, PEG/PLLA blends presented improved flexibility and hydrophilicity. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Effect of compatibilizer on morphology and properties of HDPE/Nylon 6 blends
Authors: Feng Jingxing , Zhang Guojun , MacInnis Kari , Li Zhenpeng , Olah Andrew , Baer Eric 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACTThe compatibilization effect of linear low‐density polyethylene‐grafted maleic anhydride (LLDPEgMA) and high‐density polyethylene‐grafted maleic anhydride (HDPEgMA) on high‐density polyethylene (HDPE)/polyamide 6 (Nylon 6) blend system is investigated. The morphology of 45 wt %/55 wt % polyethylene/Nylon 6 blends with three compatibilizer compositions (5 wt %, 10 wt %, and 15 wt %) are characterized by atomic force microscopic (AFM) phase imaging. The blend with 5 wt % LLDPEgMA demonstrates a Nylon 6 continuous, HDPE dispersed morphology. Increased amount of LLDPEgMA leads to sharp transition in morphology to HDPE continuous, Nylon 6 dispersed morphology. Whereas, increasing HDPEgMA concentration in the same blends results in gradual morphology transition from Nylon 6 continuous to co‐continuous morphology. The mechanical properties, oxygen permeability, and water vapor permeability are measured on the blends which confirm the morphology and indicate that HDPEgMA is a better compatibilizer than LLDPEgMA for the HDPE/Nylon 6 blend system. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2019, 57, 281–290
Calculations of adsorption energies, coadsorptions, and diffusion barriers of H atoms, and the H2 formation on a nanographene surface (coronene)
Authors: Sánchez Morella , Ruette Fernando 
Published: January 2019

AbstractAdsorption and diffusion of ortho, meta, and para cis hydrogen dimers, on central and edge rings of coronene (nanographene), were studied by using the DFT‐D method, considering different multiplicities. Calculated values of adsorption energy, coadsorption energy, diffusion barriers, and reaction barriers for the H2 formation (Langmuir‐Hinshelwood (LH) mechanism) were evaluated for ortho and para locations. The adsorption of an •H atom increases the adsorption energy of another hydrogen (coadsorption). The most stable dimers are those where an •H is adsorbed on hydrogenated‐edge sites. Dimers with multiplicity M = 1, with •H separated by an odd number of bonds, have higher coadsorption energies (higher diffusion barriers) than those where the separation is by an even number. The H2 formation is more feasible on edge‐edge and edge‐center sites; however, on ortho hydrogenated‐edge sites, it is not energetically favored. For M = 3, H2 formation is not observed because desorption of •H occurs.
Coupled‐cluster singles, doubles and perturbative triples with density fitting approximation for massively parallel heterogeneous platforms
Authors: Peng Chong , Calvin Justus A. , Valeev Edward F. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractA high‐performance implementation of the coupled‐cluster singles, doubles, and perturbative triples [CCSD(T)] is developed in the Massively Parallel Quantum Chemistry program. Novel features include: (1) reduced memory requirements via a density‐fitting (DF) CCSD implementation utilizing distributed lazy evaluation for tensors with more than two unoccupied indices and (2) the ability to utilize efficiently many‐core nodes (Intel Xeon Phi) and heterogeneous nodes with multiple NVIDIA GPUs on each node. All data that are greater than quadratic in the system size are distributed among processes. Excellent strong scaling is observed on distributed‐memory computers equipped with conventional CPUs, Intel Xeon Phi processors, and heterogeneous nodes with multiple NVIDIA GPUs Canonical CCSD(T) energies can be evaluated for systems containing 200 electrons and 1000 basis functions in a few days using a small size commodity cluster, with even larger computations possible on leadership‐class computing resources.
Adsorption and diffusion of alkali‐atoms (Li, Na, and K) on BeN dual doped graphene
Authors: Ullah Saif , Denis Pablo A. , Sato Fernando 
Published: January 2019

AbstractWe employ first‐principles DFT calculations to explore the potential use of BeN dual doped graphene (DDG) as an anode material for alkali‐based batteries. The introduction of BeN in graphene raise the adsorption of Li, Na, and K by 1.37 eV (2.23 times), 1.23 eV (2.83 times), and 1.14 eV (2.14 times), respectively. Furthermore, BeN DDG offers a modest energy barrier for alkali atoms studied. Moreover, the alkali atoms have good chemistry with Be and the interaction strength decreases during the migration toward N. Most importantly, the exceptional storage capacity of BeN DDG for Li (~2255 mAh/g), Na (~996 mAh/g), and K (~747 mAh/g) makes it a highly desirable anode material. Additionally, the average open circuit voltage offered for Li (0.66 V), Na (0.33 V), and (K = 1.10 V) is found to be in excellent range. All these outstanding properties provide the possibility of using BeN DDG in future alkali‐based batteries.
Can lipid removal affect interpretation of resource partitioning from stable isotopes in Southern Ocean pteropods?
Authors: Weldrick Christine K. , Trebilco Rowan , Swadling Kerrie M. 
Published: January 2019

RationaleStable isotope analysis (SIA) is a powerful tool to estimate dietary links between polar zooplankton. However, the presence of highly variable 12C‐rich lipids may skew estimations as they are depleted in 13C relative to proteins and carbohydrates, consequently masking carbon signals from food sources. Lipid effects on pteropod‐specific values requires examining, since accounting for lipids is rarely conducted among the few existing pteropod‐related SIA studies. It is currently unclear whether lipid correction is necessary prior to SIA of pteropods.MethodsWhole bodies of three species of pteropods (Clio pyramidata f. sulcata, Clione limacina antarctica, and Spongiobranchaea australis) sampled from the Southern Ocean were lipid‐extracted chemically to test the effects on δ13C and δ15N values (n = 38 individuals in total). We determined the average change in δ13C values for each treatment, and compared this offset with those from published normalization models. We tested lipid correction effects on isotopic niche dispersion metrics to compare interpretations surrounding food web dynamics.ResultsPteropods with lipids removed had δ13C values up to 4.5‰ higher than bulk samples. However, lipid extraction also produced higher δ15N values than bulk samples. Isotopic niche overlaps between untreated pteropods and their potential food sources were significantly different from overlaps generated between lipid‐corrected pteropods and their potential food sources. Data converted using several published normalization models did not reveal significant differences among various calculated niche metrics, including standard ellipse and total area.ConclusionsWe recommend accounting for lipids via chemical extraction or mathematical normalization before applying SIA to calculate ecological niche metrics, particularly for organisms with moderate to high lipid content such as polar pteropods. Failure to account for lipids may result in misinterpretations of niche dimensions and overlap and, consequently, trophic interactions.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: A study on user
recognition using 2D ECG based on ensemble of deep convolutional neural
networks
Authors: Kim Min-Gu , Ko Hoon , Pan Sung Bum 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe risk of tampering exists for conventional user recognition methods
based on biometrics such as face and fingerprint. Recently, research on user
recognition using biometric signals such as electrocardiogram (ECG),
electroencephalogram (EEG), and electromyogram (EMG) has been actively performed to
overcome this issue. We herein propose a user recognition method applying a deep
learning technique based on ensemble networks after transforming ECG signals into
two-dimensional (2D) images. A preprocessing process for one-dimensional ECG signals
is performed to remove noise or distortion; subsequently, they are projected onto a
2D image space and transformed into image data. For the proposed algorithm, we
designed deep learning-based ensemble networks to improve the degraded performance
arising from overfitting in a single network. Our experimental results demonstrate
that the proposed ensemble networks exhibit an accuracy that is 1.7% higher than
that of the single network. In particular, the performance of the ensemble networks
is up to 13% higher compared to the single network that degrades the recognition
rate by displaying similar features between classes.