bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Balancing AI in SMEs: Overcoming Psychological Barriers and Preserving Critical Thinking
Authors: Block Madeleine 
Published: December 2024

The rapid integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into various business sectors is transforming the operational landscape. This paper focuses on small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) and examines how they can achieve an optimal psychological balance when using AI. The goal is to encourage employees to adopt AI while maintaining critical thinking and autonomy. This research paper uses theoretical analysis as the research method, drawing on established psychological theories such as the Technology Acceptance Model and the Job Demands-Resources Model. The findings are used to propose a model for determining an optimal balance for SMEs. The analysis reveals several psychological barriers related to anxiety, which can lead to increased stress, lower motivation, and general resistance to the use of AI tools. Conversely, once the fear is overcome, there is a risk of over-reliance on AI. Therefore, it is important to provide training that helps employees recognize the benefits of AI and its impact on their tasks, critically evaluate AI recommendations, and find a balance between automated guidance with human judgement. Finding the optimal balance in the use of AI is critical. Fostering a culture of continuous learning, and adaptability, together with supportive leadership, can help maintain this balance. In summary, through a strategic application of psychological theories, SMEs can harness the potential of AI to improve work performance and mitigate labour shortages while developing motivated and critically thinking employees.
Transcending Fixed Meanings: Exploring the Impact of Linguistic Relativism on Adaptive Language Models in Generative AI
Authors: Namburi Subhangi 
Published: December 2024

This research paper aims to start a discourse exploring the impact of linguistic relativism on adaptive language models within the field of generative AI, challenging the traditional fixed-meaning approach to natural language processing (NLP). It argues for a shift towards more personalised AI systems that can adapt to individual users' language nuances, rather than relying solely on large datasets with predetermined meanings. The current NLP models, based on conventional semantics, assume that language has a stable, objective reality where words have universally accepted meanings. This approach limits AI's ability to understand and generate language that reflects personal or contextual variations. The paper debates that generative AI should move towards a model that embraces the fluidity and subjectivity of language, where meanings are not fixed but can change depending on the speaker's intent or the situational context. This would involve incorporating user-specific data and situational awareness into AI systems, enabling them to interpret not just the literal meanings of words but also the speaker's intentions and the circumstantial cues that may alter these meanings. Such an approach would lead to the development of AI systems that are more adaptive and sensitive to the nuances of personal expression and contextual interpretation. However, the paper also acknowledges the potential ethical challenges associated with this approach. If AI systems are designed to allow for fluid and personalized meanings, they could be manipulated to shape public discourse in ways that reflect the biases or intentions of their developers. This raises concerns about the potential misuse of AI in influencing perceptions and realities, particularly when the fluidity of language is taken to an extreme where communication becomes chaotic and ineffective. Ultimately, suggesting personalised language models offer significant potential for enhancing AI's ability to understand and generate human-like language, there is a need for a balance between individual linguistic creativity and the communal aspects of language that ensure effective communication. The paper concludes that integrating linguistic relativism into AI models could advance the theoretical understanding of language in AI, but it must be approached with caution to avoid undermining the stability and clarity essential for meaningful human interaction.
Can Robots Laugh? An Inquiry in the Nature of AI
Authors: Tomé Eduardo , Gromova Elizaveta 
Published: December 2024

In this paper we discuss the possibility of robots having a mind and being able to act like human beings and even surpass the human intelligence, and in consequence taking over the world. It is possibility that has been put forward in human history long ago, and that has been accentuated with the new advances in technology from the last few years, of which Chat GPT is the last very well-known example. We base ourselves in a literature review made on eight basic features we define as characteristic of humans, namely: Reproduction, Creation, Belonging, Citizenship, Self-Awareness, Mortality, Rationality, Humour, Feelings and Emotions. We use a plurality of databases as Google and SCOPUS. As a result, we conclude that even if robots may express themselves as humans, and may beat humans in specific activities, they lack most of the features that define human beings and most probably they will ever do. As with time and space travelling, robots that would take power on Earth are a utopia that will probably never happen, but whose pursue will be beneficial for the human race. The paper has the limitation of being only theoretical, and the originality of being based on Philosophy of Artificial Intelligence and presented in a scientific environment.
Artificial intelligence and the ethics of tomorrow
Authors: VAN WYK Brenda , Holmner Marlene 
Published: December 2024

Traversing our digital information society safely and responsibly rests mainly on our comprehension of the vast sociotechnical nature of AI ethics risks, its implications and consequences. Ultimately, we all would prefer to live in a mature information society that is technologically just, inclusive and sophisticated, firmly rooted in ethical information philosophy and values. In this paper the findings of a scoping review of recent reported research look, in particular, at the sociotechnical changes and impact that disruptive AI innovation has on societies, and how this could impact new and futuristic nuances in AI ethics. The study delves into the interdisciplinarity of AI ethics. The role of intergovernmental collaboration in researching and availing frameworks and guardrails in upholding AI ethics is critically interrogated and explored. The study alludes to gaps in current research around AI ethics and impresses the need to deliberate on future AI ethics dimensions. The prerequisites for fostering further confidence and trust in AI technology are synthesised. The study concluded that inclusivity and justice in AI Ethics is not yet achieved on a global level, and that there is still a tendency towards cultural and other biases in designing, planning, implementing and also regulating AI. More research is needed on the impact and trends of AI innovation in the Global South compared to the Global North.
Метод снижения помехового воздействия базовых станций IMT на космические аппараты на основе применения масок математического ожидания ЭИИМ
Authors: А.С. Пастух 
Published: December 2024

В статье рассмотрен метод снижения помехового воздействия от базовых станций (БС) IMT на приемники спутниковых служб, основанный на использовании маски математического ожидания эквивалентной изотропно-излучаемой мощности (ЭИИМ) в верхней полусфере. Для иллюстрации эффективности данного метода проведена оценка применения масок математического ожидания ЭИИМ в диапазоне 6425–7125 МГц при совместной эксплуатации с космическими станциями, работающими в рамках фиксированной спутниковой службы (ФСС).
The article examines a method to reduce interference from IMT base stations (BS) on satellite service receivers based on the application of the expected equivalent isotropic radiated power (EIRP) mask in the upper hemisphere. To demonstrate the effectiveness of this method, an assessment of the application of expected EIRP masks in the 6425–7125 MHz band was conducted, considering its shared use space stations operating within Fixed Satellite Service (FSS).
PRIMARY SJÖGREN'S SYNDROME AND THE RISK FOR DEVELOPING LYMPHOMAS
Authors: Panchovska М 
Published: December 2024

Първичният синдром на Sjӧgren бележи в своя ход повишен риск относно развитие на лимфоми. Съпоставен с риска спрямо здравата популация ,този риск може да достигне 44 пъти по-висока честота. В хода на относително спокойно протичане на болестта, може да настъпи „пречупване“ в клиничната картина и разгръщане проявите на малигнен лимфом. Налични са обачеа с различни давност клинични и лабораторни отклонения, които със сумирането си във времето скъсяват пътя към малигнената лимфопролиферация. Обособяването на групи пациенти с повишен риск относно развитие на лимфом и проследяването им е в основата на персонализирания подход при болните от синдром на Sjӧgren.
Copyright Infringement in Content Sharing on Online Platforms
Authors: - AISWARYA MA , - ANURITHA A 
Published: December 2024

Copyright laws and enforcement procedures significantly impact peer-to-peer (P2P) platforms, where decentralized sharing and user-generated content challenge traditional intellectual property protections. This article explores the complexities of copyright enforcement in P2P networks, where rapid content exchange and user anonymity often undermine established legal mechanisms, complicating efforts to identify and penalize infringing activity. Legislative frameworks, such as the Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA) in the United States, attempt to place liability on platform operators or implement notice-and-takedown processes. However, the global nature of P2P networks complicates enforcement due to variations in international copyright laws and jurisdictional constraints. Beyond legal challenges, P2P platforms face ethical and technical difficulties in balancing copyright protection with user autonomy, creativity, and privacy. Approaches like digital fingerprinting, content filtering, and takedown protocols may infringe on users’ rights to freely share and create content, potentially leading to censorship concerns and impeding the platform's open character. Through case studies and legal precedents, this article highlights the ongoing tension between copyright protection and users' rights, emphasizing the need for balanced, flexible, and internationally coordinated policies. The study advocates for adaptable copyright solutions that respect both copyright holders and users while preserving privacy and innovation in the digital age.
Integrierte Projektabwicklung mit Mehrparteienverträgen – Schlüsselelemente und Wirkung vertraglicher Gestaltungsoptionen/Integrated project delivery with multi-party contracts – Key elements and effects of contractual design options
Authors: Budau Maximilian Rolf-Dieter , Haghsheno Shervin 
Published: December 2024

Es ist seit jeher ein Ziel der baubetrieblichen Forschung, die Abwicklung von Bauprojekten zu verbessern. Im Rahmen der sogenannten „Integrierten Projektabwicklung“ (IPA) versuchen Projektbeteiligte ein System zu schaffen, das die individuellen Interessen der Beteiligten so aufeinander ausrichtet, dass ein opportunistisches Verhalten der Beteiligten keine negativen Folgen für das Projekt als Ganzes hat.

Die vorliegende Arbeit nimmt diese These als Ausgangspunkt, um den aktuellen Kenntnisstand zu Mehrparteienverträgen, die im Rahmen der „Integrierten Projektabwicklung“ zum Einsatz kommen, zu systematisieren und strukturieren sowie Aussagen zur Wirkung dieser Ansätze abzuleiten. Dazu werden diese Mehrparteienverträge zunächst hinsichtlich wiederkehrender Elemente untersucht, um sogenannte Schlüsselelemente aus vertraglicher Sicht abzuleiten. Mithilfe umfangreicher Experteninterviews werden im nächsten Schritt potenzielle Wirkungen einzelner Schlüsselelemente ermittelt, bevor ein Ausblick zu weiteren Untersuchungen gegeben wird. Die hier dargestellten Forschungsergebnisse stellen einen Auszug aus der Dissertation des Erstautors unter Betreuung des Zweitautors dar.
Integer divisor connectivity graph
Authors: Jorf M. , Oukhtite L. 
Published: December 2024

UDC 512.5
Let

n

be a nonprime integer. We introduce a new simple undirected graph and denote it by

M
D

(
n
)

,

where the vertices are the proper divisors of

n

and two vertices

x

and

y

are adjacent if

x
y

divides

n
.

We explore the connectedness of

M
D

(
n
)

and provide detailed calculations for the degree of each vertex. In addition, we focus on the special case where

n
=

p
α

,

where

p

is a prime positive integer and

α
≥
3

is a positive integer. For these instances, we explicitly determine the chromatic number

χ

and the clique number

ω

of

M
D

(
n
)

.

Finally, we conclude that

χ

(
M
D
(
n
)
)

=
ω

(
M
D
(
n
)
)

.
CLASSY. XI. Tracing Neutral Gas Properties Using UV Absorption Lines and 21 cm Observations*
Authors: Parker Kaelee S. , Berg Danielle A. , Gazagnes Simon , Chisholm John , James Bethan L. , Hayes Matthew , Heckman Timothy , Henry Alaina , Berg Michelle A. , Arellano-Córdova Karla Z. , Xu Xinfeng , Erb Dawn K. , Martin Crystal L. , Hu Weida , Skillman Evan D. , McQuinn Kristen B. W. , Chen Zuyi , Stark Dan P. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Rest-frame far-ultraviolet (FUV) observations from JWST are revolutionizing our understanding of the high-z galaxies that drove reionization and the mechanisms by which they accomplished it. To fully interpret these observations, we must be able to diagnose how properties of the interstellar medium (ISM; e.g., column density, covering fraction, and outflow velocity) directly relate to the absorption features produced. Using the high-signal-to-noise and high-resolution FUV spectra of 45 nearby star-forming galaxies from the Cosmic Origins Spectrograph Legacy Spectroscopic Survey, we present the largest uniform, simultaneous characterization of neutral and low-ionization state (LIS) interstellar UV absorption lines (O i, Si ii, S ii, C ii, and Al ii) across a wide range of galaxy properties. We also present 21 cm H i observations for 35 galaxies, multiple of which are gas-poor or nondetected, possibly indicating the onset of a post-starburst phase. We find that our simultaneous one-component Voigt profile fits are capable of accurately modeling the LIS absorption for ∼75% of galaxies, mitigating challenges associated with saturation, infilling, and degeneracies. While the most massive galaxies require additional components, our one-component fits return average properties of the absorbing gas and follow the scaling relations described by a single gas cloud. We explore connections between LIS absorption and direct tracers of the neutral ISM (O i, Lyα, and H i 21 cm), finding that C ii most closely traces the neutral gas trends, while other ions exhibit weaker correlations. Given the challenges with directly observing H i at higher-z, we demonstrate that LIS absorption can be a powerful means to study the neutral ISM and present empirical relationships for predicting neutral gas properties.
Distribution and Anisotropy of the Energy Transfer Rate in the Solar Wind Turbulence
Authors: Wu Honghong , Huang Shiyong , Wang Xin , Yang Liping , Yuan Zhigang 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The distribution of the energy transfer rate is critical for the interpretation of the intermittent energy cascade in the solar wind turbulence. However, the true observational distribution of the energy transfer rate in the solar wind and its anisotropy remain unknown. Here, we use a 7 day interval measured by Wind in the fast solar wind and investigate the distribution and anisotropy of the energy transfer rate based on the log-Poisson model. We find that the probability density distribution consists of two parts. The majority part locates at smaller values and is consistent with the log-normal distribution. The estimated mean value and standard deviation of the logarithmic energy transfer rate for the majority are both smaller in the direction parallel to the local mean magnetic field than in the perpendicular direction. The mean value displays a power-law shape with respect to the scale, with flatter index in the parallel direction and steeper index in the perpendicular direction. The minority part locates at larger values and expands as the scale decreases, indicating the growing intermittency toward smaller scales. The flatness for parallel logarithmic energy transfer rate is larger than that for perpendicular. And it rises as the scale decreases for all directions, demonstrating the relatively longer tail of the distribution with decreasing scale. Our results provide new insight to help interpret the intermittent energy cascade process in the solar wind turbulence.
Ramadan Fasting Practice Trend in Muslim Patients with Diabetes: A Nationwide Survey in Bangladesh
Authors: Pathan Md. Faruque , Amin Mohammad Feroz , Afsana Faria , Saifuddin M. , Qureshi Nazmul Kabir , Mir Ahmed Salam , Rahman Muhammad Hafizur , Khan Laique Ahmed , Amin Ahsanul Haque , Haque Azizul , Ashrafuzzaman S. M. , Selim Shahjada 
Published: December 2024

Background:
Despite health concerns, practicing Muslims with diabetes around the world observe fast during this month. This study aimed to explore the pattern of fasting behavior and associated factors among Muslim diabetic patients during Ramadan in Bangladesh.

Methods:
A cross-sectional survey was carried out among Muslim adult (>18 years) patients with diabetes attending in the private chamber of endocrinologists registered with Bangladesh Endocrine Society in different parts of Dhaka city, the Capital of Bangladesh between January 2022 and March 2022. A short pretested structured interviewer-administered survey questionnaire was used. Data from a total of 5324 patients were analyzed using SPSS (version 26).

Results:
Of all, 92% of patients observed fast during Ramadan. The mean age of the patients was 52.30 ± 11.26 (standard deviation) years and more than half were aged between 41 and 60 years. Those who did not fast were significantly older (P = 0.005). Approximately 51% were male and no sex difference exists in relation to fasting. The median duration of disease was 7 (0–65) years and those with longer duration were less likely to fast (P = 0.001). Among the diabetic patients, 54.5% had comorbidities and proportionately lower number of comorbid patients fasted (P = 0.006). 20.2% and 19.5% of patients experienced reduced and increased blood glucose level, respectively. Those who experienced such events were less likely to fast (P < 0.001). More than three-quarter of patients (77.2%) underwent checkup before Ramadan and 71.8% consulted doctors to modify their prescribed medicines before fasting has started. Nearly one-quarter of patients (24.8%) incorrectly believed that pricking their finger would break the fast (P < 0.001). Approximately 68% of patients believed that fasting will help them to control blood sugar. Nearly three-fourth (73.9%) of the participants believed they can fast in all days in the coming Ramadan.

Conclusions:
This study observed that a significant portion of Muslim adults with diabetes mellitus in Bangladesh tend to fast during Ramadan. Factors such as age, disease duration, and comorbidities influence their fasting behavior, whereas many of them believe fasting aids in blood sugar control and consult healthcare professionals to adjust medications.
Evaluation agronomorphophysiologique de trois variétés de sésame (<i>Sesamun indicum</i>) dans la Commune Urbaine de Faranah, Guinée
Authors: Camara Ibrahima , Diallo Sara Bailo , Camara Mamadi Mariame , Diallo Diawadou 
Published: December 2024

Le sésame est principalement une culture de rente, suscitant un vif intérêt chez les producteurs grâce à ses études agronomiques. Sa valorisation joue un rôle crucial dans la lutte contre la pauvreté. En Guinée, la culture du sésame reste peu connue en raison de l’absence d’études de caractérisation agromorphophysiologique. Cependant, sa valorisation pourrait significativement contribuer à la réduction de la pauvreté. Cette étude visait à évaluer la performance agromorphophysiologique de trois variétés pour intensifier la production de sésame. L’essai, mené à Faranah, portait sur les variétés S-42, Akilom et Wollega, en utilisant le dispositif de Fisher avec trois répétitions. L’analyse de variance des données a été réalisée avec SPSS 22. La pluviométrie enregistrée durant l’essai était de 1282,16 mm. Les variétés testées ont montré de bonnes caractéristiques agromorphophysiologiques. Les cycles végétatifs étaient de 4 mois pour S-42 et Akilom, et de 5 mois pour Wollega. Les rendements en graines à l’hectare étaient de 2010 kg pour Akilom, 1762,44 kg pour S-42, et 1855,1 kg pour Wollega. Ces résultats indiquent que la variété Akilom a été la plus performante en termes de caractéristiques agromorphophysiologiques étudiées.

Agronomorphophysiological evaluation of three sesame (Sesamun indicum) varieties in the Faranah Urban Community, GuineaSesame is mainly a cash crop, attracting a great deal of interest from producers thanks to its agronomic studies. Its development plays a crucial role in the fight against poverty. In Guinea, little is known about sesame cultivation due to the lack of agromorphophysiological characterization studies. However, its valorization could significantly contribute to poverty reduction. The aim of this study was to evaluate the agromorphophysiological performance of three varieties for intensifying sesame production. The trial, carried out in Faranah, involved the varieties S-42, Akilom and Wollega, using the Fisher design with three replications. Analysis of variance was performed using SPSS 22. Rainfall recorded during the trial was 1282.16 mm. The varieties tested showed good gromorphophysiological characteristics. Vegetative cycles were 4 months for S-42 and Akilom, and 5 months for Wollega. Seed yields per hectare were 2010 kg for Akilom, 1762.44 kg for S-42, and 1855.1 kg for Wollega. These results indicate that the Akilom variety performed best in terms of the agromorphophysiological characteristics studied.
Comparing the commercialisation margins among traders of the marketing channel of cassava flour in Yaoundé, Cameroon
Authors: Folefack Achille Jean Jaza , Abondo Joseph Armel Ako’o , Muluh George Achu 
Published: December 2024

In Yaoundé (Cameroon), one deplores a lack of transparency of information between trader categories along the marketing channel of cassava flour. This paper investigated that issue by evaluating the marketing margins among trader categories of cassava flour in the Yaoundé urban markets. The results indicated that the yearly average net margins of different trader categories of cassava flour were different in pairs with wholesalers earning the most (435,022 FCFA), followed in order by semi-wholesalers (333,709 FCFA) and retailers (90,566 FCFA). The Lorenz curve coupled with Gini coefficient and Atkinson index indicated evidence of an asymmetry of information by stratum of income for each trader category which was very high among retailers and low among wholesalers and semi-wholesalers. In order to achieve fairness, the cassava flour traders should organise themselves into groups/cooperatives and should be accompanied by government to promote partnership between trader groups and cooperatives and to improve their negotiation skills and marketing information systems.