bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
El cambio climático, la incertidumbre y sus expertos
Authors: Ramos Torre Ramón , Callejo Gallego Javier , Francescutti Pablo P. 
Published: November 2024

Este trabajo aborda la incertidumbre, foco central del actual debate epistemológico, en una triple concreción sociológica. En primer lugar, concreción temática: la incertidumbre en el ámbito del cambio climático (CC, en adelante). En segundo lugar, se fija en actores concretos: expertos en ese ámbito. Y tercero: concreta una observación empírica, con entrevistas a expertos españoles en CC. Se asume una perspectiva emic, atenta al habla de los expertos sobre sentido, localización y gestión de la incertidumbre climática. Como recoge la sucesión de los distintos informes del IPCC, la incertidumbre ha sido y es asunto central de reflexión en el estudio del CC. Dado que son los expertos los que la definen, clasifican, miden y comunican al resto de la ciudadanía, su estudio debe pasar necesariamente por la indagación de su peculiar relación con la heterogénea comunidad de los expertos. Tras dar cuenta de la relevancia dada a la incertidumbre en los informes del IPCC, se propone una reconstrucción selectiva del debate sobre la experticia y la incertidumbre, presentando algunos resultados de las indagaciones sobre el tema en España, para centrar después la atención en el análisis de las evidencias aportadas por una investigación cualitativa, concluyendo con los principales resultados alcanzados.
Uncertainty is one of the central issues in the current epistemological debate. This paper proposes to approach it within the framework of a triple sociological concretion. First, a thematic concretion: uncertainty in the field of climate change. Second, it focuses on specific actors: experts in the field of climate change. And third, it is based on an empirical sociological observation of qualitative interviews with a significant sample of Spanish climate change experts. Thus, an emic perspective is adopted, paying attention to what the experts say about the meaning, location, and management of uncertainty. Uncertainty has been and continues to be a central topic of reflection in the study of climate change, as shown by the succession of different IPCC reports. Since it is the experts who define, classify, measure, and communicate the uncertainty of climate change to the rest of the citizens, its study must necessarily include the observation of the peculiar relationship with the heterogeneous community of experts. This work aims to make a contribution in this respect. After an account of the importance given to uncertainty in the IPCC reports, it proposes a selective reconstruction of the debate on expertise and uncertainty, presenting some of the results of research on the subject in Spain, to then focus attention on the analysis of the evidence provided by recent qualitative research, and to end with some conclusions that identify the main results obtained.
Food Safety Knowledge and Practice in the Era of Dark Kitchens
Authors: Pudaruth Chitika , Biranjia-Hurdoyal Susheela 
Published: November 2024

Online ordering and food product sales are well-tolerated in many countries. Post-COVID-19, the business of online food purchases has soared, and many home-based suppliers (dark kitchens) have become part of this endeavor. This practice could impact the quality and safety of the food products with the risk of adverse effects on human health arising from food-borne illnesses and spoilage. The knowledge and practice of a random sample of Mauritians on the quality and safety of locally produced processed food items was investigated. Factors that could influence the purchase of dark kitchens were also studied. Data was collected from 258 participants through a survey questionnaire in March 2022. Up to 99.2 % reported that food suppliers should adhere to hazard analysis critical control points and international standard operation to guarantee quality. The study indicated that 45% of the respondents purchased from dark kitchens. Inadequate scores for both knowledge and practice were noted. The correlation between knowledge and practice was moderate (τ = 0.088; p = 0.00). Furthermore, it was observed that dark kitchen' purchases were motivated by easy accessibility, food quality, and low prices. Food labels were reported as an important characteristic of food products in general. However, in practice, only 31% reported labels and 27.1% reported the site of preparation as an important factor when they decide on the site of purchase. The participants were aware of hygienic practices, the impact of unsafe food on their health and the importance of food standards. Yet, purchases from unchecked sources remain prominent. By fostering awareness and understanding, behavioral changes among individuals could be investigated, contributing to an overall improvement in public health and preventing food-related illnesses.
Phenotypic diversity and provenance variation of Cupressus funebris: a case study in the Sichuan Basin, China
Authors: Yan Wang , Xiang Yongqi , Gao Mei , Deng Ruoyu , Sun Yan , Wan Renping , Pan Xianyi , Li Wanzhen , Zhong Yu 
Published: November 2024

Background
The species Cupressus funebris holds substantial ecological value and economic potential, particularly in the realms of rehabilitating barren mountain landscapes and advancing urban greening endeavors. However, inadequate attention has been given to research endeavors exploring the genetic diversity and morphological characteristics of Cupressus funebris, a deficiency that could potentially hinder its development, utilization, and conservation of genetic resources.

Methods
To rectify the shortage of existing basic morphological data, a morphological analysis was conducted in this study on 180 Cupressus funebris germplasm resources sourced from five provenances. Key traits explored included growth characteristics, overall morphology, branch/leaf features, and seed traits. This will facilitate the evaluation of genetic diversity in Cupressus funebris.

Results
The findings reveal a considerable level of phenotypic variation (PVC of 16.9%) and genetic diversity (1.97 index) in Cupressus funebris germplasm resources. The phenotypic differentiation is observed to be 48% between provenances and 52% within provenances, primarily attributed to variation originating from individual provenances. Based on these morphological characteristics, the germplasm resources have been categorized into four distinct groups: Ecological Restoration Planting, Secondary Reserve Forest, Urban Greening, and Timber Forest. Interestingly, the pattern of variation observed within these groups is irregular, exhibiting no significant correlation with their respective provenances. Furthermore, conifer trees sharing similar growth characteristics tend to display comparable patterns of random variation, suggesting potential underlying genetic mechanisms. This study significantly enriches the phenotypic dataset within the genetic variation research of Cupressus funebris, facilitating development and utilization for ecological construction, timber breeding, and horticultural greening.
Resistance characterization and transcriptomic analysis of imipenem-induced drug resistance in Escherichia coli
Authors: Tong Chunyu , Liang Yimin , Liu Qi , Yu Honghao , Feng Wenzhi , Song Bocui 
Published: November 2024

Background
Bacteria can develop resistance to various antibiotics under selective pressure, leading to multifaceted changes in resistance mechanisms. Transcriptomic sequencing allows for the observation of transcriptional level alterations in cells under antibiotic stress. Understanding the bacterial response to such stress is essential for deciphering their strategy against drug-resistant antibiotics and identifying potential targets for antibiotic development.

Methods
This study using wild-type (WT) Escherichia coli (E. coli) discovered that continuous in vitro induction screening for imipenem-resistant strains resulted in bacteria with enhanced biofilm-forming ability and mutations in antibiotic target sites. Transcriptomic sequencing of the resistant bacteria revealed significant changes in carbon and amino acid metabolism, nutrient assimilation, substance transport, nucleotide metabolism, protein biosynthesis, and cell wall biosynthesis. The up-regulated drug efflux genes were disrupted using gene knockout technology. Drug sensitivity tests indicated that drug efflux has a minimal effect on imipenem resistance.

Results
This suggests a strategy for E. coli drug resistance involving the reduction of unnecessary substance synthesis and metabolism, coupled with an increase in activities that aid in resisting foreign threats.
Effects of a single bout of exercise on human hemocytes and serum interleukin 3, erythropoietin, and soluble transferrin receptor in a hot and humid environment
Authors: Lv Yuhu , Cheng Lin , Zhang Xiqian , Peng Fenglin , Yuan Yu , Weng Xiquan , Lin Wen-Tao 
Published: November 2024

Background
Exercise in humid and hot environments (HHEs) may result in decreased perception, motor performance, and memory owing to endogenous heat production and exogenous load. However, whether a single bout of exercise (SBOE) intensity affects the magnitude of changes in the levels of hemocytes remains controversial. In this article, we aimed to investigate the effects of a SBOE of varying intensities on blood cells in HHE.

Methods
Thirty-two volunteers were randomly divided into a quiet control group (QC), 55% VO2max intensity exercise group (HHE55%), 70% VO2max intensity exercise group (HHE70%), and 85% VO2max intensity exercise group (HHE85%). The participants in the exercise groups were assigned to perform an SBOE on the treadmill under HHE conditions for 30 min, whereas participants in the QC remained still under HHE conditions for 30 min (temperature: 28–32 °C, relative humidity: 85–95%).

Results
The net body mass (NBM), perfusion index (PI), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), platelet (PLT), and plateletcrit (PCT) values were affected significantly by the exercise intensity (P < 0.01) the hemoglobin (HGB) and neutrophil count (NE) were affected significantly by exercise intensity (P < 0.05). After an SBOE, compared with that before exercise, the sublingual temperature (ST) of all groups, the NBM and MCV of all exercise groups, the PI of the HHE55% and HHE70% groups, the HGB, hematocrit (HCT), and NE of the HHE70% group, the red blood cell count (RBC), PLT, and PCT of the HHE70% and HHE85% groups, and the white blood cell count (WBC) of HHE85% changed very significantly (P < 0.01). The PCT of QC, blood oxygen saturation (SaO2), and soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR) levels in the HHE55% group, the lymphocyte count (LY) in the HHE70% group, and the HGB and HCT in the HHE85% group changed significantly (P < 0.05).

Conclusion
Low- and moderate-intensity SBOE in HHE could increase the serum EPO and serum sTfR levels and decrease the serum IL-3 levels. Conversely, a high-intensity load could increase the risk of inflammation. Therefore, low-intensity exercise may be more appropriate for an SBOE in HHE.
Vascular synovial phenotype indicates poor response to JAK inhibitors in rheumatoid arthritis patients: a pilot study
Authors: Liu Mengxia , Liu Pengcheng , Li JianBin , Huang Yiping , Wu Rui 
Published: November 2024

Objective
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune inflammatory disease, characterized by significant individual variations in treatment response. Predicting treatment response remains a formidable challenge. This study aims to identify predictors within the synovium associated with the response to JAK inhibitor therapy in RA patients, employing a retrospective approach.

Methods
A retrospective analysis was conducted on 27 RA patients who underwent synovial biopsy and received JAK inhibitor therapy for at least three months at our center, from January to November 2023. These patients had comprehensive clinical records. Based on their response to JAK inhibitor therapy, as measured by the ACR20 criteria, they were categorized into non-responder and responder groups. We compared clinical data (including sex, age, disease duration), laboratory findings (RF, ACPA, ESR, CRP, etc.), DAS28-CRP scores, and synovial pathology features—such as synovial lining hyperplasia, neovascularization, stromal activation, inflammatory infiltration, and the expression of CD3, CD20, CD68, and CD138 markers in the synovium—between the two groups.

Results
The rate of non-responder to JAKi was found to be 33.3% (nine cases out of a total of 27 patients). Non-responders, when compared to responders, exhibited longer disease duration, more pronounced synovial neovascularization alongside reduced infiltration of labeled CD20+ and CD138+ cells in the synovium. Multivariate regression analysis identified synovial neovascularization and disease duration as independent predictors of a poor response to JAK inhibitor treatment.

Conclusions
The presence of vascular phenotype with low inflammation within the synovium of RA patients is an indicator of poor response to JAK inhibitor therapy, highlighting its potential as a predictive marker for treatment outcomes.
Análise Epidemiológica das Mamografias Realizadas em Alagoas no Período 2018-2022
Authors: Farias Kassiara Ferreira Felix de Lima , Santos Amuzza Aylla Pereira , Santos Mirelle dos , Moraes Marianny Medeiros de , Cavalcante Kariane Omena Ramos , Moreira Anderson da Silva 
Published: November 2024

Introdução: O câncer de mama é a patologia que mais causa morbimortalidade na população do sexo feminino no mundo, as estatísticas revelam que quanto mais precocemente o câncer é detectado e tratado, maiores são as chances de cura, e com o câncer de mama não é diferente. Dessa forma o estudo analisou a interferência da pandemia pela covid-19 na realização de exames mamográficos em mulheres em um estado do nordeste brasileiro. Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo ecológico, quantitativo, com abordagem descritiva e retrospectiva, realizado a partir do Sistema de informação do Câncer- SISCAN (colo do útero e mama), na base de Informações de Saúde do Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde. Os dados foram procedentes de informações divulgadas pelo estado de Alagoas no período de 2018 a 2022, e a coleta ocorreu no período agosto de 2023. Resultados: No ápice pandêmico ocorreu uma sobrecarga do sistema de saúde em todos os estados brasileiros, onde os estabelecimentos e profissionais da saúde tiveram que avaliar qual situação era mais urgente, com isso ocorreu a diminuição do rastreio de CA de mama com o declínio da realização das mamografias e aumento de casos de CA sintomáticos. Conclusão: Os impactos gerados pela pandemia refletiram negativamente nos cuidados à saúde da população feminina, interferindo na realização dos exames preventivos do câncer de mama.
Giardia intestinalis cystatin is a potent inhibitor of papain, parasite cysteine proteases and, to a lesser extent, human cathepsin B
Authors: Liu Jingyi , Svärd Staffan G. , Klotz Christian 
Published: May 2019

Cystatins are important regulators of papain‐like cysteine proteases. In the protozoan parasite Giardia intestinalis, papain‐like cysteine proteases play an essential role in the parasite's biology and pathogenicity. Here, we characterized a cysteine protease inhibitor of G. intestinalis that belongs to type‐I‐cystatins. The parasite cystatin is shown to be a strong inhibitor of papain (Ki ≈ 0.3 nm) and three parasite cysteine proteases (CP14019, CP16160 and CP16779, Ki ≈ 0.9–5.8 nm), but a weaker inhibitor of human cathepsin B (Ki ≈ 79.9 nm). The protein localizes mainly in the cytoplasm. Together, these data suggest that cystatin of G. intestinalis plays a role in the regulation of cysteine protease activities in the parasite and, possibly, in the interaction with the host.
The Self‐Administered Witness Interview Tool (SAW‐IT): Enhancing witness recall of workplace incidents
Authors: MacLean Carla L. , Gabbert Fiona , Hope Lorraine 
Published: May 2019

SummaryGiven the often crucial role of witness evidence in occupational health and safety investigation, statements should be obtained as soon as possible after an incident using best practice methods. The present research systematically tested the efficacy of a novel Self‐Administered Witness Interview Tool (SAW‐IT), an adapted version of the Self‐Administered Interview designed to elicit comprehensive information from witnesses to industrial events. The present study also examined the effect of schematic processing on witness recall. Results indicate that the SAW‐IT elicited significantly more correct details, as well as more precise information than a traditional incident report form. Contextual information about a worker's safety history biased the reports of participant witnesses, confirming that witnesses should be shielded from extraneous post‐event information prior to reporting. Importantly, these results demonstrate that the SAW‐IT can enhance the quality of witness reports.
Sn−Li Transmetalation of α‐Aminoorganostannanes for the Stereoselective Synthesis of Substituted Dehydropiperidines and Dehydroazepanes
Authors: Lumbroso Alexandre , Beaudet Isabelle , Quintard Jean‐Paul , Fraisse Cécile , Galland Nicolas , Toupet Loïc , Le Grognec Erwan 
Published: May 2019

AbstractA highly diastereoselective synthesis of (R,S) or (S,S) 2,6‐disubstituted dehydropiperidines and 2,7‐disubstituted dehydroazepanes has been developed. The stereochemical preference for the (R,S) or the (S,S) isomer is governed by a tin‐lithium exchange/electrophilic trapping sequence combined with a ring‐closing metathesis. Their relative order was found to have a dramatic influence on the interaction controlling the epimerization at the anionic center. In each case, the complete stereodivergence of the reactions sequence is explained by considering the stabilization brought by the lithium‐carbonyl coordination and rationalized by DFT calculations.magnified image
Improving access to genetic testing for adults with intellectual disability: A literature review and lessons from a quality improvement project in East London
Authors: Adlington Katherine , Smith James , Crabtree Jason , Win Soe , Rennie Jade , Khodatars Kuresh , Rosser Elisabeth , Hall Ian 
Published: May 2019

AbstractRecent advances in genetic research have led to an increased focus on genetic causes of intellectual disability (ID) and have raised new questions about how and when clinicians offer genetic testing and the nature of communication around this decision with patients and carers. Determining the right approach to such discussions is complicated by complexities of communication, consent, and capacity and ethical concerns about genetic testing in this population. In this article, we briefly discuss the recent advances in genetic research relevant to people with intellectual disability, highlighting the challenges that might arise when undertaking genetic testing in this population. We then describe how we have used a Quality Improvement methodology to develop a clinical pathway for routine genetic testing for adults with intellectual disability in a clinical setting in East London.
Enantioselective C−H Activation with Earth‐Abundant 3d Transition Metals
Authors: Loup Joachim , Dhawa Uttam , Pesciaioli Fabio , Wencel‐Delord Joanna , Ackermann Lutz 
Published: May 2019

AbstractMolecular syntheses largely rely on time‐ and labour‐intensive prefunctionalization strategies. In contrast, C−H activation represents an increasingly powerful approach that avoids lengthy syntheses of prefunctionalized substrates, with great potential for drug discovery, the pharmaceutical industry, material sciences, and crop protection, among others. The enantioselective functionalization of omnipresent C−H bonds has emerged as a transformative tool for the step‐ and atom‐economical generation of chiral molecular complexity. However, this rapidly growing research area remains dominated by noble transition metals, prominently featuring toxic palladium, iridium and rhodium catalysts. Indeed, despite significant achievements, the use of inexpensive and sustainable 3d metals in asymmetric C−H activations is still clearly in its infancy. Herein, we discuss the remarkable recent progress in enantioselective transformations via organometallic C−H activation by 3d base metals up to April 2019.
Impact of the aluminum sulfate 18‐hydrate particle size on the coordination crosslinking behaviors of acrylonitrile–butadiene rubber–aluminum sulfate 18‐hydrate composites
Authors: Cao Changlin , Cai Congyu , Wang Yangtao , Qian Qingrong , Chen Qinghua 
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACTIn this study, aluminum sulfate 18‐hydrate [Al2(SO4)3·18H2O] particles of different sizes, which were obtained via high‐energy ball‐milling technology, were successfully compounded with acrylonitrile–butadiene rubber (NBR) to fabricate crosslinked rubber composites. The results suggest that high‐energy ball milling had no significant change on the crystal structure of Al2(SO4)3·18H2O, but it significantly reduced the particle size. The effects of the particles size on the coordination crosslinking behaviors and mechanical properties of the NBR–Al2(SO4)3·18H2O composites were fully explored. The coordination crosslinking reaction was demonstrated to occur between the nitrile group (─CN) and Al(III). Moreover, with the decreasing particle size, the composites achieved a better interfacial adhesion and more crosslinking points, and this led to significant increases in the crosslinking density and the mechanical properties. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47717.
Polymeric and non‐crosslinked acid self‐thickening agent based on hydrophobically associating water‐soluble polymer during the acid rock reaction
Authors: Tian Haiyang , Quan Hongping , Huang Zhiyu , Duan Wenmeng , Deng Shunjie 
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACTDifferent from traditional crosslinked polymer diverting agents, a polymeric and non‐crosslinked acid self‐thickening agent (ZPAM) based on hydrophobically associating water‐soluble polymer of acrylamide (AM), [2‐(methacryloyloxy)ethyl]trimethylammonium chloride (DMC) andN,N′‐dimethyl octadecyl allyl ammonium chloride (DOAC) was synthesized. The apparent viscosity variation of ZPAM acid solutions in acid rock reaction and rheological properties of ZPAM spent acid solutions were studied. Results showed that ZPAM acid solutions demonstrated good uninterruptedly thickening ability from low apparent viscosity to high apparent viscosity during the acid rock reaction. Meanwhile, ZPAM spent acid solutions showed good shear resistance, viscoelasticity and high temperature resistance. The thickening mechanism of ZPAM acid solutions during the acid rock reaction was explained by apparent viscosity change, rheological properties of simulative ZPAM acid solutions, and ZPAM aqueous solutions with different concentrations of CaCl2. The results showed increasing calcium chloride concentration enhanced the hydrophobic association strength of the thickener solution, resulting in increasing solution viscosity, in other words, the self‐thickening agent showed excellent salt resistance and acid resistance. In addition, the change of association strength of ZPAM acid solutions during the acid rock reaction was further confirmed via environmental scanning electron micrographs and UV spectrum. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci.2019,136, 47907.