bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Developing an intelligent virtual agent to stratify people with cognitive complaints: A comparison of human–patient and intelligent virtual agent–patient interaction
Authors: Walker Traci , Christensen Heidi , Mirheidari Bahman , Swainston Thomas , Rutten Casey , Mayer Imke , Blackburn Daniel , Reuber Markus 
Published: September 2018

Previous work on interactions in the memory clinic has shown that conversation analysis can be used to differentiate neurodegenerative dementia from functional memory disorder. Based on this work, a screening system was developed that uses a computerised ‘talking head’ (intelligent virtual agent) and a combination of automatic speech recognition and conversation analysis-informed programming. This system can reliably differentiate patients with functional memory disorder from those with neurodegenerative dementia by analysing the way they respond to questions from either a human doctor or the intelligent virtual agent. However, much of this computerised analysis has relied on simplistic, nonlinguistic phonetic features such as the length of pauses between talk by the two parties. To gain confidence in automation of the stratification procedure, this paper investigates whether the patients’ responses to questions asked by the intelligent virtual agent are qualitatively similar to those given in response to a doctor. All the participants in this study have a clear functional memory disorder or neurodegenerative dementia diagnosis. Analyses of patients’ responses to the intelligent virtual agent showed similar, diagnostically relevant sequential features to those found in responses to doctors’ questions. However, since the intelligent virtual agent’s questions are invariant, its use results in more consistent responses across people – regardless of diagnosis – which facilitates automatic speech recognition and makes it easier for a machine to learn patterns. Our analysis also shows why doctors do not always ask the same question in the exact same way to different patients. This sensitivity and adaptation to nuances of conversation may be interactionally helpful; for instance, altering a question may make it easier for patients to understand. While we demonstrate that some of what is said in such interactions is bound to be constructed collaboratively between doctor and patient, doctors could consider ensuring that certain, particularly important and/or relevant questions are asked in as invariant a form as possible to be better able to identify diagnostically relevant differences in patients’ responses.
Examining deceptive behaviours by attackers in rugby union: The influence of decoy runners on defensive performance
Authors: Sherwood Sebastian , Masters Rich SW , Smith Tiaki Brett 
Published: September 2018

Background Deceptive tactics are commonly used in sport; however, the psychological mechanisms underpinning the effectiveness of these tactics are unclear. Increasingly, in rugby union, decoy runners are used to cause deception. Multiple players in an attacking team run option lines off the ball carrier, making it possible that any of the players could receive the ball. Runners who do not receive the ball are decoys. The aim of the tactic is for the decoys to attract attention from defending players, which creates confusion about which player will receive the ball. Aim To identify behaviours of option line runners that can be used to improve the effectiveness of this deceptive tactic. Method Observational analysis of completed scrums from the 2015 Super Rugby season (n = 260) during which decoy runners were used by the attacking side. Decoy characteristics, including Hands Up, Line Change and Hands Up with Line Change were noted following each scrum. Gainline success was used as a dependent measure of the efficacy of the decoy characteristics. Characteristics were included in a binary logistic regression analysis to develop a best-fit model for gainline success. Results Hands Up, Line Change and Hands Up with Line Change significantly improved the likelihood of gainline success seven, eight and six times, respectively. Discussion We discuss possible mechanisms that underpin the effectiveness of decoy runners and make recommendations for coaches.
C-Terminal Cross-Linked Telopeptides of Type II Collagen as Biomarker for Radiological Knee Osteoarthritis: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Cheng HongBin , Hao Baoxi , Sun Jingtao , Yin Mingxi 
Published: September 2018

Background C-terminal cross-linked telopeptides of type II collagen (CTX-II) are one of the most frequently assessed markers for osteoarthritis (OA) diagnosis. The aim of this meta-analysis was to confirm the diagnostic value of urinary CTX-II in knee OA. Materials and Methods PubMed, ScienceDirect, and EMBASE were searched for studies measured urinary CTX-II in patients with knee OA and in healthy controls. Urinary CTX-II levels were compared between knee OA patients and controls. Differences between groups were expressed as standardized mean differences (SMD) when individual outcomes were measured with different scales. Otherwise, outcomes were presented as mean differences (MD). Subgroup analyses were also conducted to compare efficiency of urinary CTX-II between Kellgren-Lawrence (KL) classification, genders, ethnicities, and study size. Results Thirteen studies involved a total of 2856 participants were included. Pooled SMD showed that urinary CTX-II levels were significantly elevated in knee OA group compared to controls (SMD 0.82; 95% CI 0.41-1.24; P < 0.0001). For KL 3 to 4 versus KL 2, higher urinary CTX-II levels were found in severe knee OA patients. Subgroup analyses revealed that urinary CTX-II performed better in females as compared with males and in European subjects as compared with Asian population. Also, study size did not influence the statistic results. Conclusion This is the largest scale meta-analysis assessing the diagnostic performance of urinary CTX-II levels as biomarker for knee OA. According to our findings, urinary CTX-II levels have a potential to distinguish knee OA patients from healthy controls which can serve as biomarker for knee OA.
DSCAM differentially modulates pre- and postsynaptic structural and functional central connectivity during visual system wiring
Authors: Santos Rommel A. , Fuertes Ariel J. C. , Short Ginger , Donohue Kevin C. , Shao Hanjuan , Quintanilla Julian , Malakzadeh Parinaz , Cohen-Cory Susana 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Background
Proper patterning of dendritic and axonal arbors is a critical step in the formation of functional neuronal circuits. Developing circuits rely on an array of molecular cues to shape arbor morphology, but the underlying mechanisms guiding the structural formation and interconnectivity of pre- and postsynaptic arbors in real time remain unclear. Here we explore how Down syndrome cell adhesion molecule (DSCAM) differentially shapes the dendritic morphology of central neurons and their presynaptic retinal ganglion cell (RGC) axons in the developing vertebrate visual system.

Methods
The cell-autonomous role of DSCAM, in tectal neurons and in RGCs, was examined using targeted single-cell knockdown and overexpression approaches in developing Xenopus laevis tadpoles. Axonal arbors of RGCs and dendritic arbors of tectal neurons were visualized using real-time in vivo confocal microscopy imaging over the course of 3 days.

Results
In the Xenopus visual system, DSCAM immunoreactivity is present in RGCs, cells in the optic tectum and the tectal neuropil at the time retinotectal synaptic connections are made. Downregulating DSCAM in tectal neurons significantly increased dendritic growth and branching rates while inducing dendrites to take on tortuous paths. Overexpression of DSCAM, in contrast, reduced dendritic branching and growth rate. Functional deficits mediated by tectal DSCAM knockdown were examined using visually guided behavioral assays in swimming tadpoles, revealing irregular behavioral responses to visual stimulus. Functional deficits in visual behavior also corresponded with changes in VGLUT/VGAT expression, markers of excitatory and inhibitory transmission, in the tectum. Conversely, single-cell DSCAM knockdown in the retina revealed that RGC axon arborization at the target is influenced by DSCAM, where axons grew at a slower rate and remained relatively simple. In the retina, dendritic arbors of RGCs were not affected by the reduction of DSCAM expression.

Conclusions
Together, our observations implicate DSCAM in the control of both pre- and postsynaptic structural and functional connectivity in the developing retinotectal circuit, where it primarily acts as a neuronal brake to limit and guide postsynaptic dendrite growth of tectal neurons while it also facilitates arborization of presynaptic RGC axons cell autonomously.
Models and Tools for Studying Enteroendocrine Cells
Authors: Goldspink Deborah A , Reimann Frank , Gribble Fiona M 
Published: September 2018

AbstractGut hormones produced by gastrointestinal enteroendocrine cells modulate key physiological processes including glucose homeostasis and food intake, making them potential therapeutic candidates to treat obesity and diabetes. Understanding the function of enteroendocrine cells and the molecular mechanisms driving hormone production is a key step toward mobilizing endogenous hormone reserves in the gut as a therapeutic strategy. In this review, we will discuss the variety of ex vivo and in vitro model systems driving this research and their contributions to our current understanding of nutrient-sensing mechanisms in enteroendocrine cells.
A-Kinase Anchoring Protein 13 (AKAP13) Augments Progesterone Signaling in Uterine Fibroid Cells
Authors: Ng Sinnie Sin Man , Jorge Soledad , Malik Minnie , Britten Joy , Su Szu-Chi , Armstrong Charles R , Brennan Joshua T , Chang Sydney , Baig Kimberlyn Maravet , Driggers Paul H , Segars James H 
Published: September 2018

Abstract

Context
Uterine leiomyomata (fibroids) are prevalent sex hormone‒dependent tumors with an altered response to mechanical stress. Ulipristal acetate, a selective progesterone receptor (PR) modulator, significantly reduces fibroid size in patients. However, PR signaling in fibroids and its relationship to mechanical signaling are incompletely understood.

Objective
Our prior studies revealed that A-kinase anchoring protein 13 (AKAP13) was overexpressed in fibroids and contributed to altered mechanotransduction in fibroids. Because AKAP13 augmented nuclear receptor signaling in other tissues, we sought to determine whether AKAP13 might influence PR signaling in fibroids.

Methods and Results
Fibroid samples from patients treated with ulipristal acetate or placebo were examined for AKAP13 expression by using immunohistochemistry. In immortalized uterine fibroid cell lines and COS-7 cells, we observed that AKAP13 increased ligand-dependent PR activation of luciferase reporters and endogenous progesterone-responsive genes for PR-B but not PR-A. Inhibition of ERK reduced activation of PR-dependent signaling by AKAP13, but inhibition of p38 MAPK had no effect. In addition, glutathione S-transferase‒binding assays revealed that AKAP13 was bound to PR-B through its carboxyl terminus.

Conclusion
These data suggest an intersection of mechanical signaling and PR signaling involving AKAP13 through ERK. Further elucidation of the integration of mechanical and hormonal signaling pathways in fibroids may provide insight into fibroid development and suggest new therapeutic strategies for treatment.
The Contemporary Novel and Postdemocratic Form
Authors: Smith Rachel Greenwald 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Neoliberalism and authoritarianism: it is clear that aspects of both of these concepts are explanatory of our current moment, one in which neoliberal policies have continued to expand even as certain sociopolitical features of authoritarianism have been on the rise. How to account for the convergence of these two seemingly opposed political logics? This essay argues that contemporary discussions of literary form can help us define the precise aspects of both neoliberalism and authoritarianism that make this convergence possible. Contemporary literary criticism, it argues, is dominated by a skepticism toward the ideologically laden polarizations that once prevailed in the twentieth century. This skepticism, a critical attitude the author calls “compromise aesthetics,” reflects how the political imperative to grapple with the effects of different forms of authority—a grappling that is necessary for democracy—has, in neoliberal politics and aesthetics alike, been largely jettisoned in favor of expediency and the fantasy of total individual freedom. Turning to a reading of Rachel Kushner's novel The Flamethrowers, the essay finds that Kushner plays with the functions of author and narrator, revealing the degree to which an authoritative figure—the author—lies behind an apparent lack of ideological interest or direction, figured in the novel through its development of a radically passive narrator. The novel therefore demonstrates formally how political authority seizes upon the vacuum left behind by the abdication of politics, or, in other words, how authoritarian tendencies can arise out of the depoliticization of neoliberalism.
History's Happy Ending: Bare Theory and the Novel
Authors: Rasberry Vaughn 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Reading British writer Francis Spufford's 2008 novel Red Plenty, a fictionalized account of life in the Soviet Union during the early Khrushchev years, this essay defends a bare theory of race against what it calls a novelistic theory of race. Whereas the latter—powerfully dramatized in novels like Ralph Ellison's Invisible Man (1952) and Richard Wright's The Outsider (1953)—stresses the (long-denied) depth and complexity of black subjectivity, the former eschews considerations of black particularity for a punitive, state-sponsored approach to racial injustice.
Migration: Language, bereavement and re-birth
Authors: Naidu Vayu 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
This article aims to capture certain emotive consequences of migration, after its geographical and physical occurrence. It deals especially with the selection of the English language, by myself and other writers, to try to integrate the challenge of transposition of references across cultures, that could get lost in translation. The context for the bi-lobial nature of migration here is British colonial history in south India or the Madras Presidency 1857–1916, and ancient or undated myths of oral and literary texts as illustrated in my novel The Sari of Surya Vilas (Naidu 2017). While acknowledging the medicinal and other benefits, I also propose the history of colonial plant hunting, and especially the trade in chocolate and tea, as an appropriate paradigm for the forgotten account of migration.
‘Like snow in a dark night’: Exile and displacement in the poetics of Robert Graves
Authors: Joseph Michael 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Behind the redoubtable self-confidence of a poet who Randall Jarrell famously declared, ‘could explain anything’, and characterized bad poetry as ‘yours, when I do not like it or understand it’, Robert Graves was profoundly divided. One can trace that division in his self-exile from England in 1929 and the manner in which he thereafter arranged his life between Mallorca and England. His memoir, Good-Bye to All That, features only one side of his nature – the desire to turn his back on modernity and all it symbolized, and to immerse himself in the ahistorical world of the Goddess – but there was another side as well: deterministically modern, civilized, historical, ironic, English. In ‘Like Snow in a Dark Night’, I discuss this fundamental yet understudied split in Graves’s character in terms of its metaphorical presence in his poetry, in which images of exile, displacement, liminality, indeterminacy and elusiveness appear to evoke and celebrate a condition of being both here and there, and neither here nor there, as the essential condition for inspiration.
Ezra Pound and Ernst Kantorowicz: From medieval to modern autocracies
Authors: Feldman Matthew 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Ezra Pound became a leading anglophone propagandist for fascist Italy – a kind of Romanesque Lord Haw-Haw – which subsequently coloured both his politics and his poetry. Between summer 1940 and spring 1945, and already building several dozen gratis propaganda texts lauding Italy’s imperial conquest of Abyssinia, supporting an ‘international fascism’ that embraced both Mosley’s British Union of Fascists and Hitler’s Germany, Pound wrote or broadcast thousands of radio items, first for Italy’s state-run EIAR, and then for the Salò Republic. In doing so, he never ceased his well-paid propaganda activities, using at least a dozen pseudonymous ‘personae’ in order to continue his radio transmissions throughout the war. This article examines the influence of Ernst Kantorowicz’s Frederick II, 1194–1250 ([1927] 1931) – a text described only 25 years ago as a ‘fascist classic’ – may have had on Pound’s embrace of Italian Fascism and later sacralization of Mussolini’s dictatorship. This article also includes new research into Pound’s handwritten annotations in his personal copy of Kantorowicz’s book, now in the Ezra Pound Collection of The Harry Ransom Center, University of Texas in Austin.
Sociologie, Individus, Épreuves. Entretien avec Danilo Martuccelli
Authors: Martuccelli Danilo , Lits Grégoire 
Published: September 2018

Danilo Martuccelli est chargé de recherche au CNRS-CLERSE-IFRESI. Il vient de publier Forgé par l’épreuve. L’individu dans la France contemporaine aux éditions Armand Colin.
Ces propos furent recueillis par Grégoire Lits à l’occasion de la venue du professeur Martuccelli à Louvain-la-Neuve les 3 et 4 décembre 2008 dans le cadre des conférences Jacques Leclercq organisées par l’unité d’anthropologie et de sociologie de l’UCL et le Laboratoire LaGIS (Laboratoire « Globalisation, Institution, Subjectivation »).
ANALISA PENGARUH KENAIKAN TEKANAN FLUIDA TERHADAP TEGANGAN DAN FLEKSIBILITAS PIPA BLOWDOWN A106 GRADE A BERDASARKAN ASME B31.3
Authors: Mahardhika Pekik , Julianto Eko , Indartono Arie , Kusuma George E. 
Published: September 2018

Sistem blowdown pada PLTU digunakan untuk mengontrol dan membuang kandungan solid dalam sisa air pemanasan. Dampak negatif kenaikan tekanan fluida secara kontinyu adalah terjadinya deformasi pipa blowdown karena tegangan pipa melebihi nilai tegangan yang diijinkan. Artikel ini menyajikan hasil penelitian dalam menganalisis kenaikan tekanan fluida terhadap tegangan dan fleksibilitas pipa blowdown A106 Grade A berdasarkan ASME B31.3 Piping Process. Berdasarkan kriteria critical line, pipa blowdown A106 Grade A yang dikategorikan sebagai kategori B harus dikoreksi dengan metode sederhana. Fluida di dalam pipa blowdown telah mengalami kenaikan tekanan menjadi 322,55 psi dan bersifat turbulen. Berdasarkan ASME B31.3, tegangan dan fleksibilitas pipa blowdown masih di bawahnilai yang diijinkan dan sistem perpipaan dinyatakan aman.
The Value of Diffusion-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Predicting the Efficacy of Radiation and Chemotherapy in Cervical Cancer
Authors: Chen Jingjing , Hua Hui , Pang Jing , Shi Xianglong , Bi Weiqun , Li Yingduan , Xu Wenjian 
Published: September 2018

AbstractBackgroundTo analyze the application value of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and exponent apparent diffusion coefficient (EADC) in evaluating the efficacy of radiation and chemotherapy in cervical cancer using pre- and posttreatment diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MRI) scans.Methods52 patients with cervical cancer were administered radiation and chemotherapy. Both MRI and DW-MRI were obtained at different stages. The ADC and EADC values, as well as the maximum tumor diameter, were measured and analyzed.ResultsWe found that the ADC value increased after treatment, and the EADC value decreased. Changes in the calculated ADC occurred earlier than the morphologic changes of the tumors. A negative correlation was detected between reduced rates in the maximum tumor diameter two months after treatment and pretreatment ADC value (r = –0.658, P < 0.05). An ROC curve and nonlinear regression analysis showed that the formula, y = (1525500.122x2 – 4689.962x + 3.482) × 100%, can be used to calculate the percentage of complete remission after treatment according to the pretreatment ADC value.ConclusionOur data suggest that pretreatment ADC and EADC values are predictive of the efficacy of radiation and chemotherapy. Both ADC and EADC values during treatment were instrumental in early monitoring and dynamic observation.
Chemical profile and antioxidant activity of Trollius europaeus under the influence of feeding aphids
Authors: Witkowska-Banaszczak Ewa , Radzikowska Dominika , Ratajczak Karolina 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe influence of stress factors on a plant may lead to worse functioning of the plant and the loss of its crop. The effect of Aulacorthum solani feeding on Trollius europaeus with regard to active compounds in the leaves was investigated in the study. The antioxidant activity of the leaves, the material on which the insects fed, was compared with that of the material that was not infested by the aphids. Stress level was evaluated on the basis of such physiological parameters as chlorophyll fluorescence and photosynthesis activity. An increase of 34.5% in the content of polyphenolic compounds, as compared to control, was demonstrated in the material exposed to the biotic stress caused by aphids. The content of phenolic acids was 28% higher while that of flavonoids rose by 25%. The increase in polyphenolic compounds augmented the antioxidant activity of the material.
NUMBER: standardized reference intervals in the Netherlands using a ‘big data’ approach
Authors: den Elzen Wendy P.J. , Brouwer Nannette , Thelen Marc H. , Le Cessie Saskia , Haagen Inez-Anne , Cobbaert Christa M. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractBackgroundExternal quality assessment (EQA) programs for general chemistry tests have evolved from between laboratory comparison programs to trueness verification surveys. In the Netherlands, the implementation of such programs has reduced inter-laboratory variation for electrolytes, substrates and enzymes. This allows for national and metrological traceable reference intervals, but these are still lacking. We have initiated a national endeavor named NUMBER (Nederlandse UniforMe Beslisgrenzen En Referentie-intervallen) to set up a sustainable system for the determination of standardized reference intervals in the Netherlands.MethodsWe used an evidence-based ‘big-data’ approach to deduce reference intervals using millions of test results from patients visiting general practitioners from clinical laboratory databases. We selected 21 medical tests which are either traceable to SI or have Joint Committee for Traceability in Laboratory Medicine (JCTLM)-listed reference materials and/or reference methods. Per laboratory, per test, outliers were excluded, data were transformed to a normal distribution (if necessary), and means and standard deviations (SDs) were calculated. Then, average means and SDs per test were calculated to generate pooled (mean±2 SD) reference intervals. Results were discussed in expert meetings.ResultsSixteen carefully selected clinical laboratories across the country provided anonymous test results (n=7,574,327). During three expert meetings, participants found consensus about calculated reference intervals for 18 tests and necessary partitioning in subcategories, based on sex, age, matrix and/or method. For two tests further evaluation of the reference interval and the study population were considered necessary. For glucose, the working group advised to adopt the clinical decision limit.ConclusionsUsing a ‘big-data’ approach we were able to determine traceable reference intervals for 18 general chemistry tests. Nationwide implementation of these established reference intervals has the potential to improve unequivocal interpretation of test results, thereby reducing patient harm.