bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of birth plans on childbirth experience: A systematic review
Authors: Mirghafourvand Mojgan , Mohammad Alizadeh Charandabi Sakineh , Ghanbari‐Homayi Solmaz , Jahangiry Leila , Nahaee Jila , Hadian Tahereh 
Published: January 2019

AbstractAimThe birth plans were developed as an approach for pregnant women to present their expectations for labour and childbirth. The aim of this study was to assess whether birth plans (a written document in which pregnant women describe preferences about their care during labour and childbearing) compared with standard or routine approach (supine position, continuous fetal monitoring, enema, episiotomy) affect the birth experience (woman's perception of labour and childbirth as positive or negative experience) or satisfaction with birth.MethodsThis systematic review was performed by searching several databases, including Cochrane Library, Web of Science, MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, Scopus, PsycINFO, ACP Journal Club, Google Scholar, and Persian databases (SID, Magiran, and Barakat) up to February 10, 2018.ResultsBy searching the databases, 1006 published articles were found, of which 480 and 114 articles were excluded by review of the titles and the abstracts, respectively. Finally, we included three clinical trials (1132 women) in the review. The results of two study showed that the mean score of birth experience in the birth plan group was significantly higher than the control group (P ≤ 0.01). However, the results of a study showed that there were no statistically significant differences between birth plan and control groups (P > 0.05). Quality of included studies was very low.ConclusionsThere is not enough evidence to support or refute that birth plan can improve the birth experience or satisfaction with birth.
Price discount facility in an EOQ model for deteriorating items with stock‐dependent demand and partial backlogging
Authors: Shaikh Ali Akbar , Khan Md. Al‐Amin , Panda Gobinda Chandra , Konstantaras Ioannis 
Published: January 2019

AbstractAll‐units discount facilities are one of the attractive features in the competitive business situation. Due to the globalization of the marketing policy, all‐units discount facilities play an important role in the competitive business. Typical economic order quantity (EOQ) models are cloistered by considering as constant not only the purchase cost (irrespective of the order size of the product) but also the carrying cost during the entire cycle period. However, the unit purchase cost has an antagonistic relationship with the order size, and the carrying cost has a commensurate relationship with the storage time‐period of the product, that is, the higher the order size, the lower the unit purchase cost, and the longer the storage time‐period, the greater carrying cost per unit. Also deterioration is another imperative issue in inventory analysis as it has a huge impact on profit or cost of the inventory system. Considering all of the above‐mentioned factors, we study two different inventory models, namely (a) inventory model for zero‐ending case and (b) inventory model for shortages case. The demand for both models is considered as price and stock dependent, whereas shortages are partially backlogged at a rate with the length of the waiting time to the arrivals of the next lot. The existence and uniqueness of the optimal solution for both models are examined theoretically and the solution procedures are discussed along with two proposed algorithms for minimizing the total cost. Finally, we perform sensitivity analyses for both models and make a fruitful conclusion regarding the proposed work.
Systematic review and meta‐analysis of experimental studies: In‐hospital mobilization for patients admitted for medical treatment
Authors: Cortes Olga L. , Delgado Sandra , Esparza Maribel 
Published: January 2019

AbstractAimTo determine the impact of strategies to promote mobilization on physical function in hospitalized adults with medical conditions.BackgroundSlow progress is noted on the promotion of mobilization during hospitalization for adult patients admitted for medical conditions. This may reflect the limited evidence on the evaluation of the impact of progressive mobilization activities on clinical endpoints in adult patients throughout hospitalization.DesignA systematic review and meta‐analysis of published randomized controlled trials in any language.Data resourcesThe literature search was performed in the MEDLINE, CINAHL online, HealthStar, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library Controlled Trials Registry and LILACS databases (January 2000–February 2017).Review methodsTwo authors independently identified randomized trials meeting inclusion criteria, assessed their quality and extracted relevant data. Outcomes assessed were the changes in physical function evaluated by scales measuring either the aerobic (metres walked/second) or the balance domain (using the Time Up and Go test, in seconds), length of hospital stay (days), and adverse clinical events. We calculated pooled mean differences or Mantel–Haenszel odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for continuous or dichotomous outcome data and obtained heterogeneity statistics across studies.ResultsThirteen studies, including in total 2,703 participants, met our eligibility criteria. Patients in the intervention group showed significant improvement in physical function (aerobic domain), reduced length of stay, and a reduction of pulmonary embolism.ConclusionPatients and health providers should consider a course of therapy that enhances the functional capacity of medical patients during hospitalization.
Predicting contemporary range‐wide genomic variation using climatic, phylogeographic and morphological knowledge in an ancient, unglaciated landscape
Authors: Binks Rachel M. , Gibson Neil , Ottewell Kym M. , Macdonald Bronwyn , Byrne Margaret 
Published: January 2019

AbstractAimUnderstanding the spatial distribution of genetic variation across a species’ range is a central tenet in evolutionary biology and the ability to predict such patterns is valuable to conservation management. Genetic diversity and differentiation may be explained by present‐day niche centrality, historical processes, or morphological variation across a species’ range, yet few studies evaluate these factors concurrently. Moreover, there is a particular lack of knowledge of the influence of these factors in ancient, unglaciated landscapes of the Southern Hemisphere. We investigate these concepts for their influence upon spatial patterns of genetic variation in a widespread plant species in a southern biodiversity hotspot.LocationSouth‐western Australia.TaxonCalothamnus quadrifidus.MethodsWe use genotyping‐by‐sequencing to assess genome‐wide diversity and differentiation across the range of Calothamnus quadrifidus, a morphologically variable species that occurs over a wide geographic range in an ancient, unglaciated landscape. We correlated the patterns of genetic diversity and differentiation with those predicted under four hypotheses regarding effects of geographic centrality, climatic centrality, historical phylogeography and morphological subspecies.ResultsWe found spatial variation in genetic diversity and strong population structuring, and while each hypothesis was consistent with some of these patterns, no hypothesis predicted the full extent of genetic diversity or structure in C. quadrifidus.Main conclusionsOur results are indicative of a complex evolutionary history, with multiple factors shaping contemporary genetic variation in C. quadrifidus over time, rather than any one major driving factor. This is enabled by the greater capacity to build complex evolutionary signals in ancient, more stable landscapes like the southwest of Western Australia that are not as predictable as those within the younger, post‐glacial landscapes of the Northern Hemisphere. Finally, our study demonstrates the importance of using an interdisciplinary approach to understanding the spatial patterns of genetic variation across species’ ranges and the influence of ecological, geographical and historical factors.
Effect of antihypertensive medications on thrombolysis therapy and outcomes in acute ischemic stroke patients
Authors: Fleming Tyler , Blum Brice , Averkamp Benjamin , Sullivan James , Nathaniel Thomas 
Published: January 2019

There are concerns that specific risk factors may alter the benefits of thrombolysis in stroke patients with controlled contraindications including hypertension. The objective of this study was to evaluate the association between clinical risk factors and outcomes in ischemic stroke patients that received thrombolysis therapy pretreated with antihypertensive medications. Using data obtained from a stroke registry, a non‐randomized retrospective data analysis was conducted on patients with the primary diagnosis of acute ischemic stroke with hypertension pretreated with antihypertensive medications. The association between clinical risk factors and functional ambulatory outcome was determined using logistic regression while odd ratios (OR) were used to predict the odds of achieving improved ambulatory outcome in thrombolysis treatment status. Improved or poor functional ambulatory outcome was considered as the end point in our analysis. A total of 4665 acute ischemic stroke patients were identified, of whom 1446 (31.0%) were eligible for thrombolysis, while 3219 were not, and 595 received rtPA, of whom 288 were on antihypertensive medications, while 233 were not. In the rtPA group with antihypertensive (anti‐HTN) medication, only NIHSS score (OR = 1.094, 95% CI, 1.094‐1.000, P = 0.005) was associated with improved functional outcome while patients with congestive heart failure (OR = 0.385, 95% CI, 0.385‐0.159, P = 0.035) and patients with a history of previous TIA (OR = 0.302, 95% CI, 0.302‐0.113, P = 0.017) were more likely to be associated with poor functional outcomes. Congestive heart failure and TIA are independent predictors of functional outcomes in stroke patients pretreated with antihypertensive medications prior to thrombolysis therapy.
An integrative systems approach identifies novel candidates in Marfan syndrome‐related pathophysiology
Authors: Bhushan Raghu , Altinbas Lukas , Jäger Marten , Zaradzki Marcin , Lehmann Daniel , Timmermann Bernd , Clayton Nicholas P. , Zhu Yunxiang , Kallenbach Klaus , Kararigas Georgios , Robinson Peter N. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractMarfan syndrome (MFS) is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder caused by mutations in the FBN1 gene. Although many peripheral tissues are affected, aortic complications, such as dilation, dissection and rupture, are the leading causes of MFS‐related mortality. Aberrant TGF‐beta signalling plays a major role in the pathophysiology of MFS. However, the contributing mechanisms are still poorly understood. Here, we aimed at identifying novel aorta‐specific pathways involved in the pathophysiology of MFS. For this purpose, we employed the Fbn1 under‐expressing mgR/mgR mouse model of MFS. We performed RNA‐sequencing of aortic tissues of 9‐week‐old mgR/mgR mice compared with wild‐type (WT) mice. With a false discovery rate <5%, our analysis revealed 248 genes to be differentially regulated including 20 genes previously unrelated with MFS‐related pathology. Among these, we identified Igfbp2, Ccl8, Spp1, Mylk2, Mfap4, Dsp and H19. We confirmed the expression of regulated genes by quantitative real‐time PCR. Pathway classification revealed transcript signatures involved in chemokine signalling, cardiac muscle contraction, dilated and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Furthermore, our immunoblot analysis of aortic tissues revealed altered regulation of pSmad2 signalling, Perk1/2, Igfbp2, Mfap4, Ccl8 and Mylk2 protein levels in mgR/mgR vs WT mice. Together, our integrative systems approach identified several novel factors associated with MFS‐aortic‐specific pathophysiology that might offer potential novel therapeutic targets for MFS.
Neurotrophin‐3 acts on the endothelial‐mesenchymal transition of heterotopic ossification in rats
Authors: Zhang Jie , Wang Liang , Cao He , Chen Nan , Yan Bin , Ao Xiang , Zhao Huiyu , Chu Jun , Huang Minjun , Zhang Zhongmin 
Published: January 2019

AbstractDespite the fact that extensive studies have focused on heterotopic ossification (HO), its molecular mechanism remains unclear. The endothelial‐mesenchymal transition (EndMT), which may be partially modulated by neuroendocrine cytokines is thought to play a major role in HO. Neurotrophin‐3 (NT‐3), which has neuroendocrine characteristics is believed to promote skeletal remodeling. Herein, we suggest that that NT‐3 may promote HO formation through regulation of EndMT. Here, we used an in vivo model of HO and an in vitro model of EndMT induction to elucidate the effect and underlying mechanism of NT‐3 on EndMT in HO. Our results showed that heterotopic bone and cartilage arose from EndMT and NT‐3 promoted HO formation in vivo. Our in vitro results showed that NT‐3 up‐regulated mesenchymal markers (FSP‐1, α‐SMA and N‐cadherin) and mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) markers (STRO‐1, CD44 and CD90) and down‐regulated endothelial markers (Tie‐1, VE‐cadherin and CD31). Moreover, NT‐3 enhanced a chondrogenesis marker (Sox9) and osteogenesis markers (OCN and Runx2) via activation of EndMT. However, both EndMT specific inhibitor and tropomyosin‐related kinase C (TrkC) specific inhibitor rescued NT‐3‐induced HO formation and EndMT induction in vivo and in vitro. In conclusion, our findings demonstrate that NT‐3 promotes HO formation via modulation of EndMT both in vivo and in vitro, which offers a new potential target for the prevention and therapy of HO.
Crystal toxins and the volunteer's dilemma in bacteria
Authors: Patel Matishalin , Raymond Ben , Bonsall Michael B. , West Stuart A. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe growth and virulence of the bacteria Bacillus thuringiensis depend on the production of Cry toxins, which are used to perforate the gut of its host. Successful invasion of the host relies on producing a threshold amount of toxin, after which there is no benefit from producing more toxin. Consequently, the production of Cry toxin appears to be a different type of social problem compared with the public goods scenarios that bacteria usually encounter. We show that selection for toxin production is a volunteer's dilemma. We make specific predictions that (a) selection for toxin production depends upon an interplay between the number of bacterial cells that each host ingests and the genetic relatedness between those cells; (b) cheats that do not produce toxin gain an advantage when at low frequencies, and at high bacterial density, allowing them to be maintained in a population alongside toxin‐producing cells. More generally, our results emphasize the diversity of the social games that bacteria play.
Clinical features of hepatocellular carcinoma in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease patients without advanced fibrosis
Authors: Kodama Kazuhisa , Kawaguchi Takumi , Hyogo Hideyuki , Nakajima Tomoaki , Ono Masafumi , Seike Masataka , Takahashi Hirokazu , Nozaki Yuichi , Kawanaka Miwa , Tanaka Saiyu , Imajo Kento , Sumida Yoshio , Kamada Yoshihiro , Fujii Hideki , Seko Yuya , Takehara Tetsuo , Itoh Yoshito , Nakajima Atsushi , Masaki Naohiko , Torimura Takuji , Saibara Toshiji , Karino Yoshiyasu , Chayama Kazuaki , Tokushige Katsutoshi 
Published: January 2019

AbstractBackground and AimThe prevalence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD‐HCC) is increasing. Unfortunately, NAFLD frequently develops into HCC without liver cirrhosis. Therefore, we investigated the clinical features of HCC in NAFLD patients without advanced fibrosis.MethodsWe compared clinical characteristics, survival rates, and recurrence rates between 104 NAFLD‐HCC patients diagnosed between January 2000 and December 2016, including 35 without (F0–2) and 69 with advanced fibrosis (F3–F4). Risk factors associated with survival and recurrence were evaluated.ResultsIn total, 66.3% of those diagnosed had advanced fibrosis, 58.8% in men and 80.5% in women (men vs women, P = 0.03). In NAFLD‐HCC without advanced fibrosis, tumor size was significantly larger and liver histological activity was lower than those in patients with advanced fibrosis. Survival rates between the two groups did not differ. Among those achieving curative treatment, the recurrence rate was significantly lower in NAFLD‐HCC without advanced fibrosis (P < 0.01). Risk factors of recurrence were male gender, lower serum albumin, and advanced fibrosis.ConclusionsIn men, HCC tended to develop from NAFLD without advanced fibrosis. Although tumor size in NAFLD‐HCC without advanced fibrosis is significantly larger, the recurrence rate is significantly lower. Surgical therapy should be strongly considered in these cases.
Comparative Effectiveness of Medication Therapy Management Eligibility Criteria Across Racial/Ethnic Groups
Authors: Spivey Christina A. , Qiao Yanru , Wang Junling , Shih Ya‐Chen Tina , Wan Jim Y. , Dagogo‐Jack Samuel , Cushman William C. , Hines Lisa E. , Chisholm‐Burns Marie A. 
Published: January 2019

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVESPrevious research indicates that eligibility criteria for medication therapy management (MTM) services in Medicare prescription drug (Part D) plans, defined under the Medicare Modernization Act (MMA), are associated with racial/ethnic disparities and ineffective in identifying individuals with medication utilization issues. Our study's objective was to determine the comparative effectiveness of MTM eligibility criteria under MMA and in the Affordable Care Act (ACA) in identifying patients with medication utilization issues across racial/ethnic groups.DESIGNACA and MMA MTM eligibility criteria were compared on proportions of eligible individuals among patients with medication utilization issues. Multinomial logistic regression was conducted to control for patient/community characteristics. Need‐based and demand‐based analyses were used to determine disparities due to need and demand for healthcare. Main/sensitivity analyses were conducted for the range of eligibility thresholds.SETTINGMedicare data (2012‐2013) linked to Area Health Resources Files.PARTICIPANTSA total of 964 610 patients 65 years or older.MEASUREMENTSMedication safety/adherence measures, developed primarily by the Pharmacy Quality Alliance, were used to determine medication utilization issues.RESULTSHigher proportions of patients were eligible based on ACA than MMA MTM eligibility criteria. For example, in 2013, proportions based on ACA and MMA MTM eligibility criteria would be 99.7% and 26.2%, respectively, in the main analysis (p < .001); in the demand‐based main analysis, ACA criteria were associated with 13.6% and 9.8%, respectively, higher effectiveness than MMA criteria among non‐Hispanic blacks and Hispanics than non‐Hispanic whites.CONCLUSIONACA MTM eligibility criteria are more effective than MMA criteria in identifying older patients needing MTM, particularly among minorities. J Am Geriatr Soc 67:581–587, 2019.
Noise footprint from personal land‐based mobility
Authors: Cucurachi Stefano , Schiess Samuel , Froemelt Andreas , Hellweg Stefanie 
Published: January 2019

AbstractA large part of the world population is exposed to noise levels that are unhealthy. Yet noise is often neglected when impact assessment studies are conducted and when policy interventions are designed. In this study, we provide a way to calculate the noise footprint of citizens directly determined by their use of private and public transport on land. The study combines the results of the large transport simulation model MATSim applied to Switzerland, with a noise characterization model, N‐LCA, developed in the context of life cycle assessment. MATSim results allow tracking the use of private and public transportation by agents in the model. The results after characterization provide a consumption‐based noise footprint, thus the total noise and impacts that are caused by the private mobility demand of the citizens of Switzerland. Our results confirm that road transportation is the largest contributor to the total noise footprint of land‐based mobility. We also included a scenario with a full transition to an electrified car fleet, which showed the potential for the reduction of impacts, particularly in urban areas, by about 55% as compared to the modeled regime with combustion engines.
Integrated self‐management program effects on hemodialysis patients: A quasi‐experimental study
Authors: Park Ok Lae , Kim Sung Reul 
Published: January 2019

AbstractAimTo evaluate the effects of an integrated self‐management program using a mobile application, a short message service using a smartphone, and face‐to‐face counseling and education among hemodialysis patients.MethodsA quasi‐experimental study design was used. The participants of this study were 84 hemodialysis patients (42 in the experimental group and 42 in the control group). The experimental group received the integrated self‐management program for 8 weeks. The data were analyzed by using the independent t‐test and Mann–Whitney U test to identify differences in self‐efficacy, treatment compliance, the ratio of interdialytic weight gain to dry weight, and serum potassium and phosphorus levels between the experimental group and the control group at the end of the program.ResultsThe scores for self‐efficacy and treatment compliance were significantly higher in the experimental group than in the control group. The ratio of interdialytic weight gain to dry weight significantly decreased in the experimental group, compared to the control group. The serum potassium and phosphorus levels in the experimental group were not significantly lower than those of the control group.ConclusionThe findings suggest that the integrated self‐management program that was implemented in this study could be a potentially effective intervention to improve the self‐management of hemodialysis patients. Further research on various nursing intervention programs is warranted, including a mobile application program to improve hemodialysis patients’ self‐management.
Effects of HIV‐1 Tat on oligodendrocyte viability are mediated by CaMKIIβ–GSK3β interactions
Authors: Zou Shiping , Balinang Joyce M. , Paris Jason J. , Hauser Kurt F. , Fuss Babette , Knapp Pamela E. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractMyelin disruptions are frequently reported in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)‐infected individuals and can occur in the CNS very early in the disease process. Immature oligodendrocytes (OLs) are quite sensitive to toxic increases in [Ca2+]i caused by exposure to HIV‐1 Tat (transactivator of transcription, a protein essential for HIV replication and gene expression), but sensitivity to Tat‐induced [Ca2+]i is reduced in mature OLs. Tat exposure also increased the activity of Ca2+/calmodulin‐dependent kinase IIβ (CaMKIIβ), the major isoform of CaMKII expressed by OLs, in both immature and mature OLs. Since CaMKIIβ is reported to interact with glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β), and GSK3β activity is implicated in OL apoptosis as well as HIV neuropathology, we hypothesized that disparate effects of Tat on OL viability with maturity might be because of an altered balance of CaMKIIβ–GSK3β activities. Tat expression in vivo led to increased CaMKIIβ and GSK3β activity in multiple brain regions in transgenic mice. In vitro, immature murine OLs expressed higher levels of GSK3β, but much lower levels of CaMKIIβ, than did mature OLs. Exogenous Tat up‐regulated GSK3β activity in immature, but not mature, OLs. Tat‐induced death of immature OLs was rescued by the GSK3β inhibitors valproic acid or SB415286, supporting involvement of GSK3β signaling. Pharmacologically inhibiting CaMKIIβ increased GSK3β activity in Tat‐treated OLs, and genetically knocking down CaMKIIβ promoted death in mature OL cultures treated with Tat. Together, these results suggest that the effects of Tat on OL viability are dependent on CaMKIIβ–GSK3β interactions, and that increasing CaMKIIβ activity is a potential approach for limiting OL/myelin injury with HIV infection.
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