bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Corporate social responsibility “glocalisation”: Evidence from the international construction business
Authors: Ye Meng , Lu Weisheng , Flanagan Roger , Chau Kwong Wing 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThis paper aims (a) to enrich the corporate social responsibility (CSR) globalisation–localisation dyad (called “glocalisation”) by positioning it amid relevant theoretical discourses and (b) to map out CSR glocalisation patterns by focusing on international construction as a revealing business sector. It does so by triangulating field studies with content analyses of 68 international construction companies' (ICCs) CSR reports over 7 years (2011–2017) assisted by a text mining approach. By examining how categories of CSR issue are valued in different host countries, the research positions CSR glocalisation in a four‐quadrant grid model to illustrate their relationships. It is found that ICCs adopt glocalisation to strike a balance between CSR globalisation/standardisation and localisation/contextualisation to enhance the consistency and efficiency of their CSR strategies while maintaining responsiveness to the local environment. Demystification of the concept of CSR glocalisation will encourage further theoretical debate and practical applications of CSR and sustainable development in the international construction business.
Electrohydrogenation of Carbon Dioxide using a Ternary Pd/Cu2O–Cu Catalyst
Authors: Li Jing , Guo Si‐Xuan , Li Feng , Li Fengwang , Zhang Xiaolong , Ma Jiantai , MacFarlane Douglas R. , Bond Alan M. , Zhang Jie 
Published: August 2019

AbstractA simple one‐pot method has been developed to synthesize a palladium/cuprous oxide‐copper (Pd/Cu2O–Cu) material with a well‐defined structure, by modification of Cu2O–Cu with Pd through a galvanic replacement reaction. Compared with the well‐known copper/cuprous oxide (Cu/Cu2O) catalysts, the Pd/Cu2O–Cu material can catalyze the electroreduction of CO2 into C1 products with much higher faradaic efficiencies at lower overpotentials in a CO2‐saturated 0.5 m NaHCO3 solution. In particular, the highest faradaic efficiencies of 92 % for formate and 30 % for methane were achieved at −0.25 and −0.65 V (vs. the reversible hydrogen electrode), respectively. The improvement is suggested to be the result of a synergistic effect between PdH and the catalytically active copper sites during electrochemical CO2 reduction.
Hierarchically Porous Co−N−C Cathode Catalyst Layers for Anion Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells
Authors: Zhang Junfeng , Zhu Weikang , Pei Yabiao , Liu Yang , Qin Yanzhou , Zhang Xiangwen , Wang Qingfa , Yin Yan , Guiver Michael D. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAs a new class of metal–nitrogen–carbon (M−N−C) material with 3 D microstructure, zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs) are used to synthesize highly active electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction, as substitutes for commercial Pt/C in anion exchange membrane fuel cells. However, to form an effective catalyst layer (CL), the relationship between the microstructure of the ZIF‐derived catalyst and the fuel cell performance must be investigated. In this work, a hierarchically porous CL based on the carbon black (CB)‐controlled synthesis of a Co‐based ZIF (denoted as ZIF‐CB‐700) is constructed to optimize the triple‐phase boundary (TPB) and mass transfer. The power density at 40 °C of ZIF‐CB‐700 (95.4 mW cm−2) as cathode catalyst is about 4 times higher than that of the catalyst synthesized in the absence of CB and is comparable to that of the commercial 60 % Pt/C catalyst (112.0 mW cm−2). Both online and offline measurements suggest that the morphology and microstructure of the CL is crucial to form an active TPB region, dominating the fuel cell performance rather than only the high catalyst activity.
Polymer‐Anchored Bifunctional Pincer Catalysts for Chemoselective Transfer Hydrogenation and Related Reactions
Authors: Mujahed Shrouq , Valentini Federica , Cohen Shirel , Vaccaro Luigi , Gelman Dmitri 
Published: August 2019

AbstractA series of polymer‐supported cooperative PC(sp3)P pincer catalysts was synthesized and characterized. Their catalytic activity in the acceptorless dehydrogenative coupling of alcohols and the transfer hydrogenation of aldehydes with formic acid as a hydrogen source was investigated. This comparative study, examining homogeneous and polymer‐tethered species, proved that carefully designing a link between the support and the catalytic moiety, which takes into consideration the mechanism underlying the target transformation, might lead to superior heterogeneous catalysis.
Understanding the Oxygen Reduction Reaction Activity and Oxidative Stability of Pt Supported on Nb‐Doped TiO2
Authors: He Cheng , Sankarasubramanian Shrihari , Matanovic Ivana , Atanassov Plamen , Ramani Vijay 
Published: August 2019

AbstractInvited for this month′s cover are the groups of Prof. Vijay Ramani at Washington University in St. Louis and Prof. Plamen Atanassov at the University of New Mexico (presently the University of California, Irvine). The image represents a fuel cell‐powered car with a highly durable and active catalyst. The Full Paper itself is available at 10.1002/cssc.201900499.
Ant diversity patterns across tropical elevation gradients: effects of sampling method and subcommunity
Authors: Longino John T. , Branstetter Michael G. , Ward Philip S. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractLocal diversity may be influenced by niche assembly processes involving competition for limited resources, or by niche conservatism and the length of time clades have had to diversify. Mid‐elevation peaks in ant diversity on wet forest elevational gradients are most consistent with niche conservatism effects. However, it is possible that subsets of the ant community vary in the degree to which niche assembly processes are important, and this may be revealed by sampling methods that bias toward particular subsets. A previous study of ant‐elevation patterns in Middle American wet forest relied on Winkler sampling, a method that samples much of the ant community that occurs in leaf litter and rotten wood on the forest floor. Here, we evaluate richness patterns at the same sites as the previous study, using two alternative methods: baiting and beating. Baiting attracts ants to a concentrated resource and might be expected to attract a community more shaped by competitive interactions. Diversity patterns at baits were nearly identical to patterns from Winkler samples, for all ants combined and for the genus Pheidole, which are abundant omnivorous ants that are among the most common at baits. There was no evidence that stronger competitive effects influenced the shape of the diversity curve. Beating samples capture ants that forage on low vegetation, a distinct arboreal community with lower phylogenetic diversity than litter ants and inhabiting a more variable microclimate. Arboreal ants differed from litter ants in having a less distinct mid‐elevation peak, with less of a decline from 500 m to sea level. The lowland decline in litter ant diversity may be caused by the recent upslope shift in temperature associated with the current interglacial period. Arboreal ants may be buffered from this effect by adaptation to canopy life, tolerating broader extremes of temperature, or by high rates of dispersal from warmer regions.
A roadmap for exploring the thematic content of ecology journals
Authors: Knott Jonathan , LaRue Elizabeth , Ward Samuel , McCallen Emily , Ordonez Kimberly , Wagner Franklin , Jo Insu , Elliott Jessica , Fei Songlin 
Published: August 2019

AbstractEcologists—especially those new to the field—are tasked with finding relevant literature matching their research interests and deciding upon a suitable venue for the publication of their work. To provide a roadmap for early career researchers to identify journals aligned with their interests, we analyzed major research themes found across the top 30 ecology journals and three high‐impact multi‐disciplinary journals (Nature, PNAS, and Science), utilizing an automated content analysis (ACA) of 84,841 article abstracts, titles, and author keywords published over the last four decades. Journals clustered into 10 distinct groups based on 46 research themes identified by ACA. We examined the frequency of ecological themes in each of these journal groups to identify the journals most associated with each theme. We found three themes (anthropogenic impacts, disease, and traits) that occurred at a high frequency in the high‐impact multi‐disciplinary journal group containing Nature, PNAS, and Science. Themes that increased in frequency over the last four decades, such as climate change, traits, anthropogenic, and cellular biology, were found more often in journals with higher impact factors, indicating that emerging research themes in ecology will likely become of interest to a broader readership over time. Our study provides a thematic review as a potential roadmap for junior ecologists to browse and publish journal articles.
If a tree falls in a forest: implications of forest structure persistence for the Pacific marten (Martes caurina)
Authors: Delheimer Matthew S. , Moriarty Katie M. , Linnell Mark A. , Woodruff Bryce V. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractA global decline in large trees, largely driven by anthropogenic influences, has potentially dire consequences for cavity‐dependent wildlife. For several species of conservation concern in western North America, including Pacific martens (Martes caurina), fishers (Pekania pennanti), and spotted owls (Strix occidentalis), large live and dead trees (snags) with cavities are forest structural elements that are requisite to fulfilling life history requirements. More than a century may be necessary for trees to develop cavities of a suitable size for use by martens, fishers, and owls, yet the relative amount of time that such trees persist as usable prior to senescence is largely unknown, despite the implications for how forests are managed as habitat for these wildlife species. To address this uncertainty, in 2016, we re‐located 44 live trees and snags identified as marten rest structures between 2009 and 2012 in the Lassen National Forest, California. Upon re‐location, we assessed structure persistence by determining whether structures had changed type (e.g., a live tree that died and transitioned to a snag) or usability (any structure that was degraded to a point where it was no longer usable by a marten). After 5–7 yr, 25% (n = 11) of marten rest structures changed type and 16% (n = 7) appeared to be unusable—a stark contrast compared to a similar study investigating persistence of fisher rest structures, which documented one‐third of the change in structure type and no change in usability over roughly twice the return interval (8–12 yr). Our results emphasize the vast disparity between the lengthy period required for trees to become suitable for marten use and the potentially short period for which they may remain usable. We suggest that forest managers consider the importance of these fine‐scale forest structural elements when developing broad‐scale strategies to reduce fire risk and improve resilience in western North American forests.
Factors influencing blue carbon accumulation across a 32‐year chronosequence of created coastal marshes
Authors: Abbott Katherine M. , Elsey‐Quirk Tracy , DeLaune Ronald D. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractSaline coastal marshes are blue carbon ecosystems with relatively high soil carbon (C) stocks and high rates of soil C accumulation. Loss of saline wetlands due to relative sea‐level rise, land‐use change, and hydrologic alterations liberates previously stored C and reduces the capacity for future C sequestration. Widespread wetland loss has prompted marsh restoration and creation projects around the world; however, little is known about the timescale and capacity for created marshes to function as blue C sinks and the role of environmental conditions in mediating soil C accumulation in restoration sites. Using a chronosequence of five created saline marshes ranging in age from 5 to 32 yr and two adjacent natural reference marshes in southwest Louisiana, USA, short‐ and longer‐term C accumulation rates (SCAR and LCAR, respectively) were determined using feldspar marker horizons and peat depth in cores at six locations in each marsh. Created marshes ranged in elevation from −12 to 41 cm (NAVD88) and supported assorted plant community compositions driven by local environmental conditions. SCAR ranged from 75 to 430 g C·m−2·yr−1, which were comparable in the two youngest and two oldest marshes. Longer‐term CAR ranged from 18 to 99 g C·m−2·yr−1 but did not significantly differ among marshes of different ages. Our findings indicate that LCAR in these created marshes were influenced by site‐specific environmental conditions (i.e., stem density and mineral sediment) rather than marsh age. Results suggest that conditions appropriate for the establishment of vegetation with high stem densities, such as Distichlis spicata and Spartina patens, may facilitate higher LCAR in created marshes, which may be useful for restoration project planning and mitigation of climate change.
Production of polycaprolactone nanoparticles with hydrodynamic diameters below 100 nm
Authors: Witt Sandra , Scheper Thomas , Walter Johanna‐Gabriela 
Published: August 2019

AbstractCancer is a worldwide increasing burden and its therapy is often challenging and causes severe side effects in healthy tissue. If drugs are loaded into nanoparticles, side effects can be reduced, and efficiency can be increased via the enhanced permeability and retention effect. This effect is based on the fact that nanoparticles with sizes from 10 to 200 nm can accumulate in tumor tissue due to their leaky vasculature. In this work, we produced polycaprolactone (PCL) in the sizes 1.8, 5.4, and 13.6 kDa and were able to produce spherical shaped nanoparticles with mean diameters of 64 ± 19 nm out of the PCL5.4 and 45 ± 8 nm out of the PCL13.6 reproducibly. By encapsulation of paclitaxel the diameter of that nanoparticles did not increase, and we were able to encapsulate 73 ± 7 fmol paclitaxel per 1000 particles in the PCL5.4‐nanoparticles and 35 ± 8 fmol PTX per 1000 PCL13.6‐nanoparticles. Furthermore, we coupled the aptamer S15 to preformed PCL5.4‐nanoparticles resulting in particles with a hydrodynamic diameter of 153 nm. This offers the opportunity to use these nanoparticles for targeted drug delivery.
Locally weighted classifiers for detection of neighbor discovery protocol distributed denial‐of‐service and replayed attacks
Authors: Alsadhan Abeer , Hussain Abir , Liatsis Panos , Alani Mohammed , Tawfik Hissam , Kendrick Phillip , Francis Hulya 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe Internet of things requires more internet protocol (IP) addresses than IP version 4 (IPv4) can offer. To solve this problem, IP version 6 (IPv6) was developed to expand the availability of address spaces. Moreover, it supports hierarchical address allocation methods, which can facilitate route aggregation, thus limiting expansion of routing tables. An important feature of the IPv6 suites is the neighbor discovery protocol (NDP), which is geared towards substitution of the address resolution protocol in router discovery and function redirection in IPv4. However, NDP is vulnerable to denial‐of‐service (DoS) attacks. In this contribution, we present a novel detection method for distributed DoS (DDoS) attacks, launched using NDP in IPv6. The proposed system uses flow‐based network representation, instead of a packet‐based one. It exploits the advantages of locally weighted learning techniques, with three different machine learning models as its base learners. Simulation studies demonstrate that the intrusion detection method does not suffer from overfitting issues and offers lower computation costs and complexity, while exhibiting high accuracy rates. In summary, the proposed system uses six features, extracted from our bespoke dataset and is capable of detecting DDoS attacks with 99% accuracy and replayed attacks with an accuracy of 91.17%, offering a marked improvement in detection performance over state‐of‐the‐art approaches.
Node selection and utility maximization for mobile edge computing–driven IoT
Authors: Riaz Nida , Qaisar Saad , Ali Mudassar , Naeem Muhammad 
Published: August 2019

AbstractOptimal user association and resource utilization entails a challenging problem of high latency in mobile edge computing (MEC)–driven Internet of Things (IoT) applications. Increased power consumption is another aspect that requires attention, specifically for the systems that involve huge number of users (IoT nodes) and computing devices (cloudlets/MEC nodes/fog nodes). Though MEC/fog networks are designed for low latency and low transmit power connections, yet the substantial increase in IoT devices signify the need to redesign it for future demands. In this article, we formulate an optimization problem related to quality of service–driven node selection and utility maximization subject to power and workload constraints for applications that require very low latency. Outer approximation algorithm is a proven technique in the field of optimization theory and is scalable with number of nodes. A distributed self‐converging algorithm based on the outer approximation algorithm is presented in this work, which proved to be efficient for the problem formulated. Extensive simulations are done to validate the numerical results. This work concludes by comparing results of outer approximation method with matching theory to validate its effectiveness.
Review on safrole: identity shift of the ‘candy shop’ aroma to a carcinogen and deforester
Authors: Kemprai Phirose , Protim Mahanta Bhaskar , Sut Dristi , Barman Rubi , Banik Dipanwita , Lal Mohan , Proteem Saikia Siddhartha , Haldar Saikat 
Published: August 2019

AbstractSafrole, a phenylpropene with a ‘candy shop’ aroma, is abundant in nature among diverse plant genera such as Sassafras, Ocotea, Cinnamomum, Myristica, and Piper. Sassafras oil has been used extensively for a long time, first by Native Americans and later by European settlers in traditional medicine and as a flavouring agent. Until 1960 the consumption of safrole by the western population, as a flavouring agent in beer, meat, and soft drinks, was unregulated. Later, the recognition of this phytochemical as a weak hepatocarcinogen with demonstrated genotoxicity in rodents led to strict restrictions on its use in food by various regulatory bodies globally. Moreover, in Asian countries oral carcinogenesis has been linked to safrole through the habit of chewing betel quid. As a separate issue, safrole is an inexpensive synthetic precursor to the illicit recreational drug Ecstasy. Accelerating demand for this party drug during the last few decades has encouraged the unscientific harvesting, illegal production, and trading of safrole‐rich oils, leading to massive deforestation. Recently, many government authorities have enforced laws to restrict the production and harvesting of safrole‐bearing plants. Thus, the identity of safrole has altered with time from a pleasant flavouring agent to a hepatocarcinogen, and more recently as a driver of the destruction of biodiversity. Law enforcement has not only hampered its availability but has also extensively affected industrial use. Our review describes the research progress (1960–2018) on its natural distribution, carcinogenicity, usage as a natural synthon, and the regulations imposed on safrole and safrole‐rich oils worldwide. Finally, we draw our readers’ attention to the sustainable use of this phytochemical for a better future.
The effects of extruded corn flour on rheological properties of wheat‐based composite dough and the bread quality
Authors: Sun Huaxing , Ju Qian , Ma Jie , Chen Jincheng , Li Yaoxi , Yuan Yanqiu , Hu Yayun , Fujita Kaori , Luan Guangzhong 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe effects of extruded corn flour (ECF) on the rheological properties of the wheat‐based composite dough and quality of the bread were investigated. The RVA results of the composite flour with ECF showed weak thermal viscosity and resistance to starch retrogradation. Mixolab tests revealed that the water absorption capacity increased with the increasing amount of ECF, while dough development time (DT) and dough stability (ST) showed a downward trend, and the composite dough became more resistant to retrogradation. The microstructure of the composite dough showed that the presence of both ECF and unextruded corn flour (UECF) resulted in a more broken gluten matrix. The breads made from the composite flour with ECF had significantly softer texture, lower hardening percentage with storage time, darker crust color, larger specific volume, and higher sensory scores than the UECF ones. It is concluded that the extrusion of corn flour is an effective way to improve the quality of the composite bread and retard staling during storage.
Transcriptional networks in acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Thoms Julie A. I. , Beck Dominik , Pimanda John E. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAcute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a complex disease characterized by a diverse range of recurrent molecular aberrations that occur in many different combinations. Components of transcriptional networks are a common target of these aberrations, leading to network‐wide changes and deployment of novel or developmentally inappropriate transcriptional programs. Genome‐wide techniques are beginning to reveal the full complexity of normal hematopoietic stem cell transcriptional networks and the extent to which they are deregulated in AML, and new understandings of the mechanisms by which AML cells maintain self‐renewal and block differentiation are starting to emerge. The hope is that increased understanding of the network architecture in AML will lead to identification of key oncogenic dependencies that are downstream of multiple network aberrations, and that this knowledge will be translated into new therapies that target these dependencies. Here, we review the current state of knowledge of network perturbation in AML with a focus on major mechanisms of transcription factor dysregulation, including mutation, translocation, and transcriptional dysregulation, and discuss how these perturbations propagate across transcriptional networks. We will also review emerging mechanisms of network disruption, and briefly discuss how increased knowledge of network disruption is already being used to develop new therapies.
Steifigkeit des Salzburger Seetons – Vergleich von Ergebnissen aus Drucksondierungen und Laborversuchen
Authors: Ausweger Georg M. , Havinga Michael , Lüftenegger Roland , Marte Roman , Oberhollenzer Simon 
Published: August 2019

AbstractCone penetration tests are a good option for in situ tests in case of soft, fine‐grained soils. Thus, they are often used for subsoil investigations in the Salzburger Becken, which mainly consists of silty, fine‐sandy sediments. Unfortunately, empirical correlations for the determination of soil parameters from cone penetration tests in case of silty, fine‐sandy soils are very rare in literature. This contribution should help to evaluate the known correlations and correlation factors for the determination of soil stiffness based on cone penetration tests regarding their applicability for the Salzburger Seeton. This is done by the comparison of cone penetration test results with results from laboratory tests.