bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A multimodal (FACILE) classification for optical diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease associated neoplasia
Authors: Iacucci Marietta , McQuaid Kenneth , Gui X. , Iwao Yasushi , Lethebe Brendan , Lowerison Mark , Matsumoto Takayuki , Shivaji Uday , Smith Samuel , Subramanian Venkataraman , Uraoka Toshio , Sanduleanu Silvia , Ghosh Subrata , Kiesslich Ralf 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Background Characterization of colonic lesions in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) remains challenging. We developed an endoscopic classification of visual characteristics to identify colitis-associated neoplasia using multimodal advanced endoscopic imaging (Frankfurt Advanced Chromoendoscopic IBD LEsions [FACILE] classification).
Methods The study was conducted in three phases: 1) development – an expert panel defined endoscopic signs and predictors of dysplasia in IBD and, using multivariable logistic regression created the FACILE classification; 2) validation – using 60 IBD lesions from an image library, two assessments of diagnostic accuracy for neoplasia were performed and interobserver agreement between experts using FACILE was determined; 3) reproducibility – the reproducibility of the FACILE classification was tested in gastroenterologists, trainees, and junior doctors after completion of a training module.
Results The experts initially selected criteria such as morphology, color, surface, vessel architecture, signs of inflammation, and lesion border. Multivariable logistic regression confirmed that nonpolypoid lesion, irregular vessel architecture, irregular surface pattern, and signs of inflammation within the lesion were predictors of dysplasia. Area under the curve of this logistic model using a bootstrapped estimate was 0.76 (0.73 – 0.78). The training module resulted in improved accuracy and kappa agreement in all nonexperts, though in trainees and junior doctors the kappa agreement was still moderate and poor, respectively.
Conclusion We developed, validated, and demonstrated reproducibility of a new endoscopic classification (FACILE) for the diagnosis of dysplasia in IBD using all imaging modalities. Flat shape, irregular surface and vascular patterns, and signs of inflammation predicted dysplasia. The diagnostic performance of all nonexpert participants improved after a training module.
Die doppelreihig fortlaufende Nahtversorgung von primären Nabelhernien – Analyse eines Versorgungskonzeptes nach 282 Fällen
Authors: Heise Joachim , Ewodo Beyeme Joseph , Tomczak Josef , Tosuncuk Ari Nermin 
Published: January 2019

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung Es besteht fortgesetzt ein Entscheidungskonflikt, welche Nabelhernienpatienten allein durch Naht oder eben mit einer Netzverstärkung operiert werden sollen. Nach überwiegender Anwendung einer doppelreihig fortlaufenden Nahttechnik mit nicht resorbierbarem Faden über einen langen Zeitraum im eigenen Patientengut war das Ziel der vorliegenden Studie, die Leistungsfähigkeit dieser Strategie auch in Fällen mit größeren Bruchlücken zu überprüfen.
Patienten und Methoden Nach Extraktion aller fallbezogenen Dokumente von operierten Nabelbruchpatienten wie OP- und Entlassbericht, Narkoseprotokoll und Verlaufsbogen aus dem Krankenhausinformationssystem (KIS) erfolgte die exakte Erfassung der analyserelevanten Parameter in einer Datenbank (FileMaker® 12.0). Doppelreihig fortlaufend nahtversorgte erwachsene Patienten (≥ 18 J), ausgeschlossen Rezidiv- und Begleiteingriffe, mit Nabellücken ≤ 2 cm (Gruppe [Gr.] 1) wurden solchen mit Defekten > 2 cm (Gruppe [Gr.] 2) gegenübergestellt. Langzeitergebnisse wurden aus dem KIS, durch Nachuntersuchung, Fragebogenversand und Telefoninterviews erhoben. Zur Signifikanztestung wurden Mann-Whitney-U- und Chi-Quadrat-Test angewandt bei einem Signifikanzniveau von p < 0,05.
Ergebnisse Vom 1.1.2004 bis 31.3.2017 wurden zunächst n = 515 Nabelhernieneingriffe detektiert. Von 282 Patienten mit primärer Nabelbruchoperation in Form einer doppelreihigen fortlaufenden Naht kamen nur Fälle mit Nachuntersuchungsergebnissen zur Auswertung (n = 216). Die Patienten in Gr. I (n = 147) waren im Median im Vergleich zu Gr. II (n = 69) jünger (51 vs. 54 Jahre; p = 0,0012), leichter (BMI: 29 vs. 33; p = 0,003) und tendenziell weniger krank (ASA: 2 vs. 2; p = 0,0837). Die Komplikationsrate war mit 8/147 (5%) zu 4/69 (6%; p = 0,9154) nicht signifikant unterschiedlich. Die Rezidivrate nach einer Nachbeobachtungszeit von im Median 4,6 Jahren betrug von 6/147 (4%) zu 4/69 (6%; p = 0,5759).
Schlussfolgerung Die konsequente Anwendung einer doppelreihig fortlaufenden nicht resorbierbaren Naht erzielt gute Ergebnisse in der Versorgung von Nabelhernien. Die Resultate der durchgeführten Studie lassen in einem uniform so versorgten Kollektiv den Schluss zu, dass auch ältere und durchschnittlich schwerere Patienten mit Nabelhernien > 2 cm sicher mit dieser Nahttechnik versorgt werden können.
Aggressive intravenous hydration with lactated Ringer’s solution for prevention of post-ERCP pancreatitis: a prospective randomized multicenter clinical trial
Authors: Park Chang-Hwan , Paik Woo , Park Eun , Shim Chan , Lee Tae , Kang Changdon , Noh Myung , Yi Sun , Lee Jong , Hyun Jong , Lee Jun 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Background and study aims The present study aimed to determine the type of intravenous hydration that is best suited to reducing the incidence of post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) pancreatitis.
Patients and methods In a prospective randomized multicenter trial, average-to-high risk patients who underwent first-time ERCP were randomly assigned to three groups (1:1:1) who received: aggressive intravenous hydration (3 mL/kg/h during ERCP, a 20-mL/kg bolus and 3 mL/kg/h for 8 hours after ERCP) with either lactated Ringer’s solution (LRS) or normal saline solution (NSS), or standard intravenous hydration with LRS (1.5 mL/kg/h during and for 8 hours after ERCP). The primary end point was post-ERCP pancreatitis (PEP).
Results 395 patients were enrolled, and 385 completed the protocols. The three groups showed no significant differences in demographic characteristics. There was a significant difference in the intention-to-treat (ITT) PEP rate between the aggressive LRS group (3.0 %, 95 % confidence interval [CI] 0.1 % – 5.9 %; 4 /132), the aggressive NSS group (6.7 %, 95 %CI 2.5 % – 10.9 %; 9 /134) and the standard LRS group (11.6 %, 95 %CI 6.1 % – 17.2 %; 15 /129; P = 0.03). In the two-group comparisons, the ITT PEP rate was significantly lower for the aggressive LRS group than for the standard LRS group (relative risk [RR] 0.26, 95 %CI 0.08 – 0.76; P = 0.008). There was no significant difference in the ITT PEP rate between the aggressive NSS group and the standard LRS group (RR 0.57, 95 %CI 0.26 – 1.27; P = 0.17).
Conclusion Aggressive hydration with LRS is the best approach to intravenous hydration for the prevention of PEP in average-to-high risk patients.
Safety of cold snare polypectomy for duodenal adenomas in familial adenomatous polyposis: a prospective exploratory study
Authors: Hamada Kenta , Takeuchi Yoji , Ishikawa Hideki , Ezoe Yasumasa , Arao Masamichi , Suzuki Sho , Iwatsubo Taro , Kato Minoru , Tonai Yusuke , Shichijo Satoki , Yamasaki Yasushi , Matsuura Noriko , Nakahira Hiroko , Kanesaka Takashi , Yamamoto Sachiko , Akasaka Tomofumi , Hanaoka Noboru , Higashino Koji , Uedo Noriya , Ishihara Ryu , Okada Hiroyuki , Iishi Hiroyasu 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Background Cold snare polypectomy (CSP) to remove multiple duodenal adenomas (MDAs) in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) could be an effective and less invasive method than more extensive surgery. The aim of the present study was to determine the safety of this procedure.
Methods This prospective exploratory study included 10 consecutive patients with FAP and MDAs who underwent CSP for as many as 50 duodenal adenomas. The primary outcome was the incidence of severe adverse events.
Results 10 patients were enrolled and underwent 332 CSPs from June 2016 to January 2017. The median procedure time was 33 minutes (range 25 – 53), and the median number of polyps removed during a single session was 35 (range 10 – 50). Most of the removed polyps were ≤ 10 mm. None of the 10 patients experienced a severe adverse event. One patient developed arterial bleeding during the procedure, but it was easily managed using hemoclips.
Conclusions CSP for MDAs in patients with FAP was safe. The long-term efficacy of this procedure should be investigated.
The pictures in our pages
Authors: Lough Kyser , Mohammed Shimaa 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
This exploratory study continues early first-level work on intermedia visual agenda setting, which asks what influences the visual
media agenda, and extends it into the third level of network analysis. The top visual agenda of the Associated Press is compared
to the top visual agenda of 45 U.S. newspapers (divided into three tiers of circulation) over two constructed weeks. Findings
indicate some transfer of the visual agenda at both the first and third levels. Additionally, the networked visual agenda has a
moderate significant correlation to all newspapers. Sports and local vs. national/international coverage are identified as key
aspects of authority over how the visual agendas are formed and transferred. While the AP places sports images high on the visual
agenda, newspapers relegate them to inside pages unless they are important events. Smaller-circulation papers put fewer
international topics on their front page than medium and high-circulation newspapers.
The phonological status of Low tones in Shanghai tone sandhi
Authors: Takahashi Yasunori 
Published: January 2019

AbstractIn Shanghai tone sandhi, with the exception of T5 (yangru) sandhi, a pitch-fall occurs at the second or third syllable of a phonological word (or a sandhi domain). Previous analyses argue that this is invoked by the insertion of a default Low tone to satisfy the Well-formedness Condition of the autosegmental theory. However, in the framework of the present autosegmental theory, that condition is no longer necessarily satisfied, and an alternative interpretation, adopting a boundary Low tone, has been suggested. To evaluate the appropriateness of the default and boundary interpretations, we compared pitch contours among di- to tetrasyllabic words in greater detail. The results show that, in T1 to T4 sandhi, disyllabic words tend to have lower pitch contours than tri- and tetrasyllabic words at the first and second syllables, and that, in tetrasyllables, minimum pitch values were constantly attested at the third syllable. These results indicate that in Shanghai tone sandhi, a boundary Low tone is assigned at the right edge of a phonological word, and it is further associated with the third syllable in tetrasyllables. This boundary interpretation further gives an appropriate explanation of the difference of the pitch-fall between Middle and New Shanghai.
Deep root growth, ABA adjustments and root water uptake response to soil water deficit in giant reed
Authors: Zegada-Lizarazu Walter , Monti Andrea 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

Background and Aims
Giant reed (Arundo donax L.) is a deep-rooted crop that can survive prolonged dry periods probably as a result of its capacity to uptake water from below ground, but specific information on the functioning of deep/shallow roots is missing. The objective of this study was to understand the dynamic interrelationships of root water acquisition, canopy water conservation and abscisic acid (ABA) signals from both shallow and deep roots.

Methods
In transparent split top–bottom rhizotron systems (1-m-high columns), where hydraulically isolated and independently watered layers were created with the aid of calibrated soil moisture sensors, water uptake trends were monitored. Rooting patterns were traced on the walls of the rhizotrons. Leaf gas exchange was determined using a portable infrared gas analyser. Leaf and root ABA concentrations were monitored.

Key Results
Under well-watered conditions, water uptake from both upper and deeper soil layers was similar. Water uptake from deeper soil layers increased gradually by up to 2.2-fold when drought stress was imposed to upper layers compared to the control conditions. Despite the significant increase in water uptake from deeper layers, surface root length density of drought-treated plants remained unchanged, suggesting increased root water uptake efficiency by these roots. However, these adjustments were not sufficient to sustain photosynthesis and therefore biomass accumulation, which was reduced by 42 %. The ABA content in shallower drought-treated roots increased 2.6-fold. This increase closely and positively correlated with foliar ABA concentration, increased intrinsic water use efficiency and leaf water potential (LWP).

Conclusions
Giant reed is able to change its water sources depending on water availability and to maximize water uptake efficiency to satisfy canopy evapotranspirative demands. The regulation of deep root functioning and distribution, adjustment of canopy size, and root/foliar synthesized ABA play a central role in controlling LWP and leaf transpiration efficiency.
R
h = ct and the eternal coasting cosmological model
Authors: John Moncy V 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT
We point out that the non-empty Rh = ct cosmological model has some known antecedents in the literature. Some of those eternal coasting models are published even before the discovery of the accelerated expansion of the Universe and were shown to have none of the commonly discussed cosmological problems and also that H0t0 = 1. The Rh = ct model is only the special (flat) case of the eternal coasting model. An additional feature in the coasting model is that Ωm/Ωdark energy = some constant of the order of unity, so that also the cosmic coincidence problem is avoided.
Differential regulation of native and learned behavior by creb-1/crh-1 in Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Dahiya Yogesh , Rose Saloni , Thapliyal Shruti , Bhardwaj Shivam , Prasad Maruthi , Babu Kavita 
Published: January 2019

1.AbstractMemory formation is crucial for the survival of animals. Here, we study the effect of differentcrh-1(C. eleganshomolog of mammalian CREB1) mutations on the ability ofC. elegansto form long-term memory (LTM). Null mutants increb1/crh-1are defective in LTM formation across phyla. We show that specific isoforms of CREB1/CRH-1, CRH-1c and CRH-1e, are primarily responsible for memory related functions of the transcription factor inC. elegans. Silencing of CRH-1e expressing neurons during training for LTM formation abolishes the long-term memory of the animal. Further, CRH-1e expression in RIM or AVE neurons is sufficient to rescue long-term memory defects ofcreb1/crh-1null mutants. We show that apart from being LTM defective,creb1/crh-1null mutant animals show defects in native chemotaxis behavior. We characterize the amino acids K247 and K266 as responsible for the LTM related functions of CRH-1 while being dispensable for it’s native chemotaxis behavior. These findings provide insight into the spatial and temporal workings of a crucial transcription factor and can be further exploited to find CREB1 targets involved in the process of memory formation.
Cysteine oxidation triggers amyloid fibril formation of the tumor suppressor p16INK4A
Authors: Göbl Christoph , Morris Vanessa K , van Dam Loes , Visscher Marieke , Polderman Paulien E. , Hartlmüller Christoph , de Ruiter Hesther , Hora Manuel , Liesinger Laura , Birner-Gruenberger Ruth , Vos Harmjan R. , Reif Bernd , Madl Tobias , Dansen Tobias B. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractAccumulation of the CDK4/6 inhibitor p16INK4Ain response to oncogenic transformation leads to cell cycle arrest and senescence and is therefore frequently lost in cancer. p16INK4Ais also known to accumulate under conditions of oxidative stress and thus could potentially be regulated by the reversible oxidation of cysteines (redox signaling). Indeed, oxidation of the single cysteine in p16INK4Ain human cells occurs under relatively mild oxidizing conditions and leads to disulfide-dependent dimerization. p16INK4Ais an all alpha-helical protein, but here we report that upon cysteine-dependent dimerization, p16INK4Aundergoes a dramatic structural rearrangement and forms aggregates that have the typical features of amyloid fibrils, including binding of diagnostic dyes, presence of cross-β sheet structure, and typical dimensions found in electron microscopy. p16INK4Aamyloid formation abolishes its function as a CDK4/6 inhibitor. Collectively, these observations mechanistically link the cellular redox state to the inactivation of p16INK4Athrough the formation of amyloid fibrils.
Mammalian Amoeboid Swimming is propelled by molecular and not protrusion-based paddling in Lymphocytes
Authors: Aoun Laurene , Nègre Paulin , Farutin Alexander , Garcia-Seyda Nicolas , Rizvi Mohd Suhail , Galland Rémi , Michelot Alphée , Luo Xuan , Biarnes-Pelicot Martine , Hivroz C. , Rafai Salima , Sibarita Jean-Baptiste , Valignat Marie-Pierre , Misbah Chaouqi , Theodoly Olivier 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACTMammalian cells developed two main migration modes. The slow mesenchymatous mode, like fibroblasts crawling, relies on maturation of adhesion complexes and actin fiber traction, while the fast amoeboid mode, observed exclusively for leukocytes and cancer cells, is characterized by weak adhesion, highly dynamic cell shapes, and ubiquitous motility on 2D and in 3D solid matrix. In both cases, interactions with the substrate by adhesion or friction are widely accepted as a prerequisite for mammalian cell motility, which precludes swimming. We show here experimentally and computationally that leukocytes do swim, and that propulsion is not fueled by waves of cell deformation but by a rearward and inhomogeneous treadmilling of the cell envelope. We model the propulsion as a molecular paddling by transmembrane proteins linked to and advected by the actin cortex, whereas freely diffusing transmembrane proteins hinder swimming. This mechanism explains that swimming is five times slower than the cortex retrograde flow. Resultantly the ubiquitous ability of mammalian amoeboid cells to migrate in various environments can be explained for lymphocytes by a single machinery of envelope treadmilling.
Different integrins mediate haptotaxis of T lymphocytes towards either lower or higher adhesion zones
Authors: Luo X , Aoun L , Biarnes-Pelicot M. , Strale Pierre-Olivier , Studer V , Valignat M.-P. , Theodoly O. 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACTGuidance of cells by molecules anchored on a substrate, known as haptotaxis, is arguably crucial in development, immunology and cancer, however the exact cues and mechanisms driving cell orientation in vivo are hardly identified. Adhesive haptotaxis has been described in the case of mesenchymatous cells that develop strong pulling forces with their substrates and orient via a tug of war mechanism – a competition between cells’ pulling edges. In the case of amoeboid cells that migrate with minimal interaction with their substrate, existence of adhesive haptotaxis remains unclear. Here, we studied the crawling of human T lymphocytes on substrates with spatially modulated adhesivity, and observed haptotaxis with surface concentrations of integrin ligands found on high endothelial veinules. Overexpression of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 molecules observed in vivo at transmigration portals can therefore promote leukocyte recruitment. Mechanistically, we show that integrin-mediated haptotaxis of lymphocytes differ both from active chemotaxis, because no mechanotransduction was detected, and from the passive tug of war mechanism of mesenchymatous cells, because different integrins support opposite phenotypes. Cells favored more adherent zones with VLA-4 and, counterintuitively, less adherent zones with LFA-1. These results reveal that integrins control differential adhesive haptotaxis behaviors without mechanotransduction, and this smart capability may support unsuspected ways for cells path selection.
Microextrusion Printing Cell-Laden Networks of Type I Collagen with Patterned Anisotropy and Geometry
Authors: Nerger Bryan A. , Brun P.-T. , Nelson Celeste M. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractType I collagen self-assembles into three-dimensional (3D) fibrous networks. These dynamic viscoelastic materials can be remodeled in response to mechanical and chemical cues to form anisotropic networks, the structure of which influences tissue development, homeostasis, and disease progression. Conventional approaches for fabricating anisotropic networks of type I collagen are often limited to unidirectional alignment over small areas. Here, we describe a new approach for engineering cell-laden anisotropic networks of type I collagen fibers using 3D microextrusion printing of a collagen-Matrigel ink. By adding molecular crowders, we demonstrate hierarchical control of 3D-printed collagen with the ability to spatially pattern collagen fiber anisotropy and geometry. Our data suggest that collagen anisotropy results from a combination of molecular crowding in the ink and shear and extensional flows present during 3D-printing. We demonstrate that human breast cancer cells cultured on 3D-printed collagen orient along the direction of collagen fiber alignment. We also demonstrate the ability to simultaneously bioprint epithelial cell clusters and control the alignment and geometry of collagen fibers surrounding cells in the bioink. The resulting cell-laden constructs consist of epithelial cell clusters fully embedded in aligned networks of collagen fibers. We foresee that cell-laden collagen-Matrigel constructs with spatially-patterned anisotropy and geometry will be broadly useful for the fields of developmental biology, tissue engineering, and regenerative medicine.
The virome in adult monozygotic twins with concordant or discordant gut microbiomes
Authors: Moreno-Gallego J. Leonardo , Chou Shao-Pei , Di Rienzi Sara C. , Goodrich Julia K. , Spector Timothy , Bell Jordana T. , Youngblut  , Hewson Ian , Reyes Alejandro , Ley Ruth E. 
Published: January 2019

SUMMARYThe virome is one of the most variable components of the human gut microbiome. Within twin-pairs, viromes have been shown to be similar for infants but not for adults, indicating that as twins age and their environments and microbiomes diverge, so do their viromes. The degree to which the microbiome drives the virome’s vast diversity is unclear. Here, we examined the relationship between microbiome diversity and virome diversity in 21 adult monozygotic twin pairs selected for high or low microbiome concordance. Viromes derived from virus-like particles were unique to each subject, dominated by Caudovirales and Microviridae, and exhibited a small core that included crAssphage. Microbiome-discordant twins had more dissimilar viromes compared to microbiome-concordant twins, and the richer the microbiomes, the richer the viromes. These patterns were driven by the bacteriophages, not eukaryotic viruses. These observations support a strong role of the microbiome in patterning the virome.