bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Longitudinal associations between time spent using technology and sleep duration among adolescents☆
Authors: Mazzer K. , Bauducco S. , Linton S.J. , Boersma K. 
Published: May 2018

ABSTRACTTechnology use has been the focus of much concern for adolescents' sleep health. However, few studies have investigated the bidirectional association between sleep duration and time spent using technology. The aim of this study was to test whether time spent using technology predicted shorter sleep duration, and/or vice versa using cross‐lagged analyses over one year. Participants were 1620 high school students in the 8th and 9th grade at baseline from 17 public schools in three middle Sweden communities. Students completed questionnaires at school during the spring of 2015 and 2016. Time spent using technology was self‐reported and sleep duration was calculated from reported bed‐times, wake‐times and sleep onset latency. Time spent using technology significantly predicted shorter subsequent sleep duration and vice versa. Public health advocates educating others about the negative impacts of technology on sleep must also be mindful of the opposite, that many young people may turn to technological devices when experiencing difficulty sleeping.
The role of sleep in adolescents' daily stress recovery: Negative affect spillover and positive affect bounce‐back effects☆
Authors: Chue Amanda E. , Gunthert Kathleen C. , Kim Rebecca W. , Alfano Candice A. , Ruggiero Aria R. 
Published: May 2018

ABSTRACTThe present study examined the role of sleep in daily affective stress recovery processes in adolescents. Eighty‐nine American adolescents recorded their emotions and stress through daily surveys and sleep with Fitbit devices for two weeks. Results show that objectively measured sleep (sleep onset latency and sleep debt) moderated negative affective responses to previous‐day stress, such that stress‐related negative affect spillover effects became more pronounced as amount of sleep decreased. Total sleep time and sleep debt moderated cross‐day positive affect “bounce‐back” effects. With more sleep, morning positive affect on days following high stress tended to bounce back to the levels that were common following low stress days. Conversely, if sleep was short following high stress days, positive affect remained low the next morning. No evidence for subjective sleep quality as a moderator of spillover/bounce‐back effects was found. This research suggests that sleep quantity could relate to overnight affective stress recovery.
Making cyber-security a strategic business priority
Authors: James Lee 
Published: May 2018

Five years ago, cyber-security wasn't something you'd necessarily associate with daily business practice. Lines of code felt meaningless and the concept itself still seemed futuristic. Most companies were unwilling to overhaul their entire strategies to combat this potential threat, and an ‘it won't happen to me’ attitude was commonplace. No longer can security be viewed as a prohibited silo residing outside of key boardroom discussions. An organisation's security strategy must be aligned with business strategy and integral to the senior leadership's decision-making process. For organisations to operate safely in the contemporary threat landscape, they need to make sure they are consistently evaluating the effectiveness of their defences to be as secure as possible. At the same time they must ensure that they are utilising the most modern solutions and have the right expertise at hand, explains Lee James of Rackspace.
Defending against the malware flood
Authors: Sim Greg 
Published: May 2018

The deluge of new malware specimens being launched against businesses everywhere on the planet is fast rendering traditional anti-virus (AV) cyber-security redundant. The deluge of new malware specimens being launched against businesses everywhere on the planet is fast rendering traditional anti-virus (AV) cyber-security redundant. Faced with highly inventive criminals creating huge volumes of new malware, organisations must innovate if they are to protect themselves. As Greg Sim of Glasswall Solutions explains, it is a question of only allowing the known good to enter an organisation and being fully confident that the main source of zero-day threats has been completely blocked.
The future of Internet governance and cyber-security
Authors: Van Horenbeeck Maarten 
Published: May 2018

It's often unclear to Internet users who it is that actually makes the decisions that make their connection work. This is because the Internet, by definition, is a complex system that is not managed by a single organisation. In order for your connection to be successful, you use hardware built by a hardware vendor, protocols developed by Internet engineers in loose technical groups such as the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF), networks operated by a third party and a website operated by the organisation with which you're actually interacting. That organisation probably uses a whole set of other vendors, such as content delivery networks or cloud providers, to provide the service. It's often unclear to Internet users who actually runs it. This is because the Internet, by definition, is a complex system that is not managed by a single organisation. You use hardware and software from a variety of vendors, protocols developed by Internet engineers in loose technical groups and networks operated by third parties. Maarten Van Horenbeeck of the Forum of Incident Response and Security Teams examines how this mish-mash of organisations and standards fits together and what makes it work.
Femtosecond laser fabricated polymer microring resonator for sensing applications
Authors: Zhang D. , Men L. , Chen Q. 
Published: May 2018

A microring resonator realised by femtosecond laser two‐photon photopolymerisation in an epoxy‐based negative photoresist (SU‐8) is proposed and demonstrated, which is further proved to be capable of temperature and refractive index sensing by monitoring the shift of the resonance wavelength of the interferometric pattern. The experimental results indicate refractive index sensitivity of 12.50 nm/refractive index unit (redshift) and temperature sensitivity of −9.51 × 10−2 nm/oC (blueshift), respectively.
Balanced bandpass filter with tunable centre frequency based on substrate integrated waveguide technology
Authors: Zhang Hao , Kang Wei , Wu Wen 
Published: May 2018

A mechanical tuning balanced bandpass filter based on substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) dual‐mode resonant cavity is presented. It can be accomplished by placing two metallised via‐holes with open‐loop slots on the top layer which affect the TE102 and TE201 modes of the square SIW cavity, respectively. Direct source‐load couplings have been utilised to achieve the high selectivity of the differential mode (DM) passband and improve the DM out of band rejection. A planar module of 60 × 60 mm2 has been fabricated on RO5880 substrate with a dielectric constant of 2.2 which verify the design concept.
Compact back‐to‐back DRA‐based four‐port MIMO antenna system with bi‐directional diversity
Authors: Das G. , Sharma A. , Gangwar R.K. , Sharawi M.S. 
Published: May 2018

This Letter presents a dielectric resonator (DR)‐based multiple‐input‐multiple‐output (MIMO) antenna with bi‐directional pattern diversity. The back‐to‐back arrangement of cylindrical DR antennas DRAs (cDRAs) is one of the unique features of the proposed design. The cDRAs are placed on an FR4 substrate with a common ground plane. Each cDRA element is excited by two ports to establish a four‐port MIMO antenna system. At ports 1 and 2, the top cDRA is excited via co‐planar waveguide (CPW) fed conformal strip lines. In case of ports 3 and 4, the bottom cDRA is excited by microstrip line fed conformal strip lines. Isolation between all ports is improved (better than 18 dB) by generating orthogonal modes in the cDRAs and use of opposite excitations. Measured results confirm that the proposed four‐port MIMO antenna system is useful for the frequency ranges between 5.4 and 6.0 GHz for WLAN applications.
Experimental investigation on safety and reliability of ball‐eye under bending load in electrical systems
Authors: Xie Zhan‐Shan , Zheng Yuan , Wang An‐Ni , Tian Qian , Chen Yuan , Kan Kan , Lu Yi 
Published: May 2018

In view of the frequent failure of the ball‐eye (BE) in the transmission line, the force analysis of BE in extreme weather is carried out, and a set of bending fatigue test equipment was designed. It is the first time to carry out the fatigue test of BE treated by normalising, annealing and quenching and tempering process under bending loads of 2330, 3495 and 4560 N. Meanwhile, the bending fatigue life curve is plotted. From the macro and micro point of view, the characteristics and the content of the elements of the fracture, and the influence of the internal structure on the mechanical properties of three samples of different heat treatment processes are analysed. Conclusion indicates that the mechanical properties of the BE treated by normalising process are best, whose microstructure is fine and uniform ‘ferrite + pearlite’. Comparing the life of BE withstood tension load, it is revealed that bending load is the main reason to accelerate the failure of BE.
Engineered dextranase from Streptococcus mutans enhances the production of longer isomaltooligosaccharides
Authors: Klahan Patcharapa , Okuyama Masayuki , Jinnai Kohei , Ma Min , Kikuchi Asako , Kumagai Yuya , Tagami Takayoshi , Kimura Atsuo 
Published: May 2018

ABSTRACT
Herein, we investigated enzymatic properties and reaction specificities of Streptococcus mutans dextranase, which hydrolyzes α-(1→6)-glucosidic linkages in dextran to produce isomaltooligosaccharides. Reaction specificities of wild-type dextranase and its mutant derivatives were examined using dextran and a series of enzymatically prepared p-nitrophenyl α-isomaltooligosaccharides. In experiments with 4-mg·mL−1 dextran, isomaltooligosaccharides with degrees of polymerization (DP) of 3 and 4 were present at the beginning of the reaction, and glucose and isomaltose were produced by the end of the reaction. Increased concentrations of the substrate dextran (40 mg·mL−1) yielded isomaltooligosaccharides with higher DP, and the mutations T558H, W279A/T563N, and W279F/T563N at the −3 and −4 subsites affected hydrolytic activities of the enzyme, likely reflecting decreases in substrate affinity at the −4 subsite. In particular, T558H increased the proportion of isomaltooligosaccharide with DP of 5 in hydrolysates following reactions with 4-mg·mL−1 dextran.Abbreviations CI: cycloisomaltooligosaccharide; CITase: CI glucanotransferase; CITase-Bc: CITase from Bacillus circulans T-3040; DP: degree of polymerization of glucose unit; GH: glycoside hydrolase family; GTF: glucansucrase; HPAEC-PAD: high performance anion-exchange chromatography-pulsed amperometric detection; IG: isomaltooligosaccharide; IGn: IG with DP of n (n, 2‒5); PNP: p-nitrophenol; PNP-Glc: p-nitrophenyl α-glucoside; PNP-IG: p-nitrophenyl isomaltooligosaccharide; PNP-IGn: PNP-IG with DP of n (n, 2‒6); SmDex: dextranase from Streptococcus mutans; SmDexTM: S. mutans ATCC25175 SmDex bearing Gln100‒Ile732
Silkworm dropping extract ameliorate trimellitic anhydride-induced allergic contact dermatitis by regulating Th1/Th2 immune response
Authors: Choi Dae Woon , Kwon Da-Ae , Jung Sung Keun , See Hye-Jeong , Jung Sun Young , Shon Dong-Hwa , Shin Hee Soon 
Published: May 2018

ABSTRACTAllergic contact dermatitis (ACD) is an inflammatory skin disease caused by hapten-specific immune response. Silkworm droppings are known to exert beneficial effects during the treatment of inflammatory diseases. Here, we studied whether topical treatment and oral administration of silkworm dropping extract (SDE) ameliorate trimellitic anhydride (TMA)-induced ACD. In ACD mice model, SDE treatment significantly suppressed the increase in both ear thickness and serum IgE levels. Furthermore, IL-1β and TNF-α levels were reduced by SDE. In allergic responses, SDE treatment significantly attenuated the production of the Th2-associated cytokine IL-4 in both ear tissue and draining lymph nodes. However, it increased the production of the Th1-mediated cytokine IL-12. Thus, these results showed that SDE attenuated TMA-induced ACD symptoms through regulation of Th1/Th2 immune response. Taken together, we suggest that SDE treatment might be a potential agent in the prevention or therapy of Th2-mediated inflammatory skin diseases such as ACD and atopic dermatitis.Abbreviations: ACD: allergic contact dermatitis; AD: atopic dermatitis; APC: antigen presenting cells; CCL: chemokine (C-C motif) ligand; CCR: C-C chemokine receptor; Dex: dexamethasone; ELISA: enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; IFN: interferon; Ig: immunoglobulin; IL: interleukin; OVA: ovalbumin; PS: prednisolone; SDE: silkworm dropping extract; Th: T helper; TMA: trimellitic anhydride; TNF: tumor necrosis factor
Identification and characterization of a novel bacterial β-glucosidase that is highly specific for the β-1,2-glucosidic linkage of sesaminol triglucoside
Authors: Sakurai Akinori , Hongo Shuntaro , Nair Arun , Waki Toshiyuki , Oikawa Daiki , Nishio Takuma , Shimoyama Takefumi , Takahashi Seiji , Yamashita Satoshi , Nakayama Toru 
Published: May 2018

ABSTRACT
A gene (PSTG2) coding for a novel β-glucosidase belonging to glycoside hydrolase family 3 was identified in the vicinity of the previously identified β-glucosidase gene [sesaminol triglucoside (STG)-hydrolyzing β-glucosidase, PSTG1] in the genome of Paenibacillus sp. strain KB0549. Compared with PSTG1, recombinant PSTG2 more specifically acted on the β-1,2-glucosidic linkage of the STG molecule to transiently accumulate a larger amount of 6-O-(β-D-glucopyranosyl)-β-D-glucopyranosylsesaminol.
The effect of radio-frequency heating on vacuum-packed saury (Cololabis saira) in water
Authors: Kanafusa Sumiyo , Takahashi Chieko , Uemura Kunihiko 
Published: May 2018

ABSTRACT
We characterized vacuum-packed whole saury (Cololabis saira) treated using radio-frequency (RF) heating and compared it with that treated using conventional retort heating. RF heating is electrical heating based on dielectric heating. In this study, the effect of RF heating on softening and collagen in backbone was analyzed. RF heating heated the center of fish faster than water. The backbone was softened to a chewable level, and the heating time was shortened to one-third. The amount of crude protein and collagen in backbone decreased with decreasing elasticity, although that heated using RF (131°C) still contained a higher amount than conventional heating. However, β and γ collagen, and then α1 and α2 collagen chain in backbone disappeared with heating; therefore, collagen was degraded to collagen peptide. Results confirmed that RF heating provided wholly eatable fish containing low-molecular collagen peptide in a short heating time.
Isoxanthohumol stimulates ubiquitin-proteasome-dependent degradation of precursor forms of sterol regulatory element-binding proteins
Authors: Inoue Jun , Miyata Shingo , Shimizu Makoto , Sato Ryuichiro 
Published: May 2018

ABSTRACT
Sterol regulatory element-binding proteins (SREBPs) are transcription factors that regulate a wide variety of genes involved in fatty acid and cholesterol synthesis. In the present study, we identified that isoxanthohumol (IXN) suppressed SREBP activity. Low concentrations of IXN (10 and 30 μM) reduced the amount of mature forms of SREBPs, while high concentration of IXN (100 μM) reduced both precursor and mature forms of SREBPs in Huh-7 cells. The IXN-mediated decrease in the precursor forms of SREBPs in Huh-7 cells was completely abolished by culturing cells under sterol-supplemented conditions and was partly abolished by treatment with a proteasome inhibitor, MG132, but not a lysosome inhibitor, NH4Cl. Moreover, IXN accelerated the ubiquitination of the precursor forms of SREBP-1a. These results suggest that IXN suppresses SREBP activity, at least in part, via ubiquitin-proteasome-dependent degradation of the precursor forms of SREBPs.
Abbreviations: ACC1: acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1; DMEM: Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium; ER: endoplasmic reticulum; GAPDH: glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase; 25-HC: 25-hydroxycholesterol; HMGCR: HMG-CoA reductase; HMGCS: HMG-CoA synthase; Insig: insulin-induced gene; IXN: isoxanthohumol; LPDS: lipoprotein-deficient serum; SCAP: SREBP cleavage-activating protein; SCD1: stearoyl-CoA desaturase; SREBPs: sterol regulatory element-binding proteins; XN: xanthohumol
TriPoly: haplotype estimation for polyploids using sequencing data of related individuals
Authors: Motazedi Ehsan , de Ridder Dick , Finkers Richard , Baldwin Samantha , Thomson Susan , Monaghan Katrina , Maliepaard Chris 
Published: May 2018

Abstract

Motivation
Knowledge of haplotypes, i.e. phased and ordered marker alleles on a chromosome, is essential to answer many questions in genetics and genomics. By generating short pieces of DNA sequence, high-throughput modern sequencing technologies make estimation of haplotypes possible for single individuals. In polyploids, however, haplotype estimation methods usually require deep coverage to achieve sufficient accuracy. This often renders sequencing-based approaches too costly to be applied to large populations needed in studies of Quantitative Trait Loci.

Results
We propose a novel haplotype estimation method for polyploids, TriPoly, that combines sequencing data with Mendelian inheritance rules to infer haplotypes in parent-offspring trios. Using realistic simulations of both short and long-read sequencing data for banana (Musa acuminata) and potato (Solanum tuberosum) trios, we show that TriPoly yields more accurate progeny haplotypes at low coverages compared to existing methods that work on single individuals. We also apply TriPoly to phase Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms on chromosome 5 for a family of tetraploid potato with 2 parents and 37 offspring sequenced with an RNA capture approach. We show that TriPoly haplotype estimates differ from those of the other methods mainly in regions with imperfect sequencing or mapping difficulties, as it does not rely solely on sequence reads and aims to avoid phasings that are not likely to have been passed from the parents to the offspring.

Availability and implementation
TriPoly has been implemented in Python 3.5.2 (also compatible with Python 2.7.3 and higher) and can be freely downloaded at https://github.com/EhsanMotazedi/TriPoly.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Lower prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux disease in patients with noncardiac chest pain on opiates: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Gomez Cifuentes J D , Thota P N , Lopez R 
Published: May 2018

SUMMARYOpiates can cause heartburn and spastic esophageal dysmotility but their role in noncardiac chest pain (NCCP) is not known. Our aim was to characterize opiate effects on esophageal function using esophageal pH monitoring and high-resolution manometry (HREM) in these patients.We performed a cross sectional study of opiate users with NCCP who underwent HREM and esophageal pH study from 2010 to 2017 using opiate nonusers as a comparison group. Demographic data, symptoms, opiate use, endoscopic findings, esophageal pH study parameters, and HREM data were abstracted.Thirty three patients with NCCP on opiates were compared to 144 opiate non-users. Compared to opiate nonusers, opiate users had lower total acid exposure (2.3% vs. 3%, P = 0.012), lower upright acid exposure (1.2% vs. 3.1%, P = 0.032) and lower DeMeester score (6.5 vs. 12.7, P = 0.016). Opiate users also had higher lower esophageal sphincter integrated relaxation pressure (LES-IRP) (7.0 mm Hg [2.2, 11.7] vs. 3.7 mm Hg [1.1, 6.2] P = 0.011) and greater mean distal contractile integral (DCI) (2575 mm.Hg.s.cm [1134, 4466] vs. 1409 mm.Hg.s.cm [796, 3003] P = 0.03) than opiate non-users. The prevalence of hypertensive motility disorders (15.2% vs. 11.1%) and achalasia (12.1% vs. 2.1%) was higher in opiate users (P = 0.039) but did not reach significance on multivariate analysis.In patients presenting with NCCP, opiate users had lower esophageal acid exposure compared to opiate nonusers. This might be due to higher LES pressures preventing reflux and higher DCI leading to more rapid acid esophageal clearance.
Longitudinal Relationship Between Interleukin-6 and Perceived Fatigability Among Well-Functioning Adults in Mid-to-Late Life
Authors: Wanigatunga Amal A , Varadhan Ravi , Simonsick Eleanor M , Carlson Olga D , Studenski Stephanie , Ferrucci Luigi , Schrack Jennifer A 
Published: May 2018

Abstract

Background
Chronically elevated interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels contribute to fatigue and functional decline via multiple pathways that often lead to frailty. Lesser known is the contribution of IL-6 to fatigue in relation to a standardized workload (fatigability), a precursor to functional decline. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the longitudinal relationship between IL-6 and fatigability.

Methods
About 985 participants from the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging (mean age: 70 ± 10 years) were evaluated every 1–4 years. IL-6 was measured in fasting serum samples at each visit and log-transformed for analyses. Perceived fatigability (PF) was defined as self-reported exertion (rate of perceived exertion; RPE) after a 5-min, 0.67 m/s, 0% grade treadmill walk. Continuous and categorical associations between IL-6 (baseline and repeated measures) and PF were assessed using generalized estimating equations, adjusting for demographics, behavioral factors, and comorbid conditions.

Results
In fully adjusted continuous models, twofold higher baseline IL-6 was associated with a 0.28 higher RPE (p = .03). This relationship tended to remain constant annually (baseline log IL-6 by time interaction p = .29). To provide clinical relevance, the sample median (3.7 pg/mL) was used to examine high versus low IL-6 levels. Over time, the high group reported an average 0.25 higher RPE (p = .03) than the low group. Annual change in logged IL-6 was not associated with annual change in PF (p = .48).

Conclusion
Findings suggest that elevated IL-6 is a biomarker of physiological dysregulation associated with greater fatigability, but there is no longitudinal association between IL-6 and fatigability. Future studies should evaluate whether interventions that aim to reduce inflammation also attenuate fatigability.
zUMIs - A fast and flexible pipeline to process RNA sequencing data with UMIs
Authors: Parekh Swati , Ziegenhain Christoph , Vieth Beate , Enard Wolfgang , Hellmann Ines 
Published: May 2018

Abstract

Background
Single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) experiments typically analyze hundreds or thousands of cells after amplification of the cDNA. The high throughput is made possible by the early introduction of sample-specific bar codes (BCs), and the amplification bias is alleviated by unique molecular identifiers (UMIs). Thus, the ideal analysis pipeline for scRNA-seq data needs to efficiently tabulate reads according to both BC and UMI.

Findings
zUMIs is a pipeline that can handle both known and random BCs and also efficiently collapse UMIs, either just for exon mapping reads or for both exon and intron mapping reads. If BC annotation is missing, zUMIs can accurately detect intact cells from the distribution of sequencing reads. Another unique feature of zUMIs is the adaptive downsampling function that facilitates dealing with hugely varying library sizes but also allows the user to evaluate whether the library has been sequenced to saturation. To illustrate the utility of zUMIs, we analyzed a single-nucleus RNA-seq dataset and show that more than 35% of all reads map to introns. Also, we show that these intronic reads are informative about expression levels, significantly increasing the number of detected genes and improving the cluster resolution.

Conclusions
zUMIs flexibility makes if possible to accommodate data generated with any of the major scRNA-seq protocols that use BCs and UMIs and is the most feature-rich, fast, and user-friendly pipeline to process such scRNA-seq data.