bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Property Rights that 'Work' in the Face of Disaster: Per Share Joint Ownership of Arable in Early Modern and Modern Japan
Authors: Brown Philip C. 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Early Modern and early Modern Japanese certainly attempted to control floods, landslides and water insufficiency/drought via direct manipulation of land. In addition, about one third of pre-modern Japanese villages were subject to joint land ownership regimes, the most common of which distributed risks and benefits of natural characteristics proportionally among landholders and tenants alike. It represents one very sophisticated anticipatory form of sharing the risks and advantages associated with arable land. It maximised the potential for all to continue as agriculturalists and contributors to community labors (irrigation maintenance, dike maintenance, shrines, and more) as well as to continue as tenants. The landholding system also dictated the response to the loss of land from floods or landslides. Begun by the early seventeenth century, a reduced number of hamlets continued this practice down to the 1970s. The long history of joint ownership across multiple political regimes - Early Modern, pre-World War II modern, and post-war modern Japan begs us to embrace a broader conception of landed property rights than the ideal types of 'fee simple/private' and 'commons', and the relationship between rights in practice and those embodied in law. A review of the most widely used form of joint ownership suggests the potential power for local organisations using local knowledge of a resource to create effective property rights that help address challenges presented by catastrophic natural events.
Reforming Mineral Ownership and Ensuring Surface Owners' Rights: The Gosselies Disaster
Authors: Troch Kevin 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
In interwar Belgium, coal mining suffered a double, socioeconomic and environmental, crisis. The rise in coal production went along with increased mining damage. The cost of the damage became so high that mining companies were unable to bear it. In 1934, a disaster in the town of Gosselies revealed the weakness of the Belgian mining industry. The town was disfigured by the effects of surface subsidence caused by the Grand Conty and Spinois mining company. Unable to make compensation to victimised surface owners, the company declared itself bankrupt. The Belgian state was then faced with an unprecedented environmental crisis threatening to jeopardise the future of coal extraction in the country. The disaster was an opportunity to reconsider the mineral ownership regime and ensure better compensation for surface owners by placing the regulation of mining damage under administrative oversight.
Mitigating Disaster: The Aral Sea and (Post-)Soviet Property
Authors: Wheeler William 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
The Aral Sea regression, the outcome of Soviet irrigation practices in Central Asia, is famous as one of the most serious ecological disasters of the twentieth century. This article examines Soviet policies to mitigate the sea's regression, in particular efforts to keep people in employment. I argue that property relations are intimately connected not only with the causes of environmental change but also with its effects, and explore this proposition through three case studies. First, I use archival materials to show how late Soviet bureaucrats framed the regression not as an environmental disaster but as a problem of living standards and employment, which shaped measures to address it. Secondly, I examine memories of the late Soviet period among fishermen in Aral villages, arguing that their experiences of the sea's regression were shaped both by their position within the Soviet fishery and by local understandings of property. Finally, I explore nostalgic narratives in the town of Aral'sk today, arguing that the history of environmental change is re-read through post-Soviet changes in property relations.
Per-session security: Password-based cryptography revisited
Authors: Demay Grégory , Gaži Peter , Maurer Ueli , Tackmann Björn 
Published: September 2018

Cryptographic security is usually defined as a guarantee that holds except when a bad event with negligible probability occurs, and nothing is guaranteed in that bad case. However, in settings where such failure can happen with substantial probability, one needs to provide guarantees even for the bad case. A typical example is where a (possibly weak) password is used instead of a secure cryptographic key to protect a session, the bad event being that the adversary correctly guesses the password. In a situation with multiple such sessions, a per-session guarantee is desired: any session for which the password has not been guessed remains secure, independently of whether other sessions have been compromised. A new formalism for stating such gracefully degrading security guarantees is introduced and applied to analyze the examples of password-based message authentication and password-based encryption. While a natural per-message guarantee is achieved for authentication, the situation of password-based encryption is more delicate: a per-session confidentiality guarantee only holds against attackers for which the distribution of password-guessing effort over the sessions is known in advance. In contrast, for more general attackers without such a restriction, a strong, composable notion of security cannot be achieved.
Towards a visuo-dynamic interface for disability self-assessment
Authors: Rybarczyk Yves Philippe , Vernay Didier 
Published: September 2018

BACKGROUND: The Therapeutic Patient Education (TPE) aims to help patients to understand diseases and treatments, and collaborate in healthcare by taking an active role in the management of a chronic disease. This transition from the classical patient compliance to empowerment is a revolutionary concept in medicine. However, this consensual idea is not easy to implement because of the complexity of medical records, which are designed for health professionals only. OBJECTIVE: In order to enhance the TPE, an intuitive tool based on a visuo-dynamic interface was developed to facilitate the self-evaluation of disability situations. METHODS: The paper describes the whole implementation process to implement such a user interface, from the development of an innovative low cost markerless motion capture to the 3D modeling of everyday life activities. RESULTS: A usability test carried out on twenty disabled people shows that participants are more at ease to perform a self-assessment of their motor disabilities through an animated stickman-based interface than a classical static interface. CONCLUSIONS: Considering the promising results of this study, the next step of this project will consist of integrating the visuo-dynamic interface into an existing platform (e-ESPOIRS-Handi) dedicated to information sharing between health professional and disabled people.
Automation of audio descriptions of large bar charts for persons with visual impairment: Prototyping and proof of concept
Authors: Gunnarsson Celie , Hammenberg Julia , Bornemalm Karolina , Rassmus-Gröhn Kirsten 
Published: September 2018

BACKGROUND: Current guidelines for accessing graphs non-visually are based on giving access to underlying tabular data and reading the values one by one. When data sets are large, it becomes impossible to get an overview. OBJECTIVE: This work presents a proof-of-concept of automated audio description of data sets up to 100 data points that can be used by persons with visual impairment or persons who for other reasons are unable to use their visual attention for data access. METHODS: A pilot study was conducted to elicit guidelines for oral chart descriptions, after which lo-fi and hi-fi prototypes were designed. Visually impaired and sighted users were involved throughout the process. RESULTS: The pilot study pinpointed important issues of oral chart descriptions and provided input for a lo-fi-prototype with three variants. The lo-fi-prototype singled out the most successful way of describing the charts based on which a hi-fi prototype for large data sets was created and tested. CONCLUSIONS: The results of the hi-fi tests are promising. Participants listened 1–2 times to the descriptions and were able to discuss details in the data. Thus, the initial guidelines and the following design process provided the necessary information to create a successful proof-of-concept.
A systematic review and meta-analysis of the efficacy of custom game based virtual rehabilitation in improving physical functioning of patients with acquired brain injury
Authors: Tay Ee Lin , Lee Shaun Wen Huey , Yong Geok Har , Wong Chee Piau 
Published: September 2018

BACKGROUND: There have been several reviews examining the effectiveness of VR in rehabilitation. However, its effectiveness remains inconclusive in most review articles. OBJECTIVE: To explore the effectiveness of customized game based virtual rehabilitation on the physical recovery of patients with acquired brain injury. METHOD: We searched PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, CENTRAL, PsycINFO and AMED for articles published until 30[Formula: see text] June 2017. Articles that met the study’s inclusion/exclusion criteria were included in the review. RESULTS: A total of 31 studies were selected for review. Pooled analysis showed that customized game-based virtual rehabilitation was effective in improving balance, gait and upper limb functioning as assessed via Berg Balance Scale (BBS) (WMD: 3.31, 95% CI 0.79 to 5.82); Timed Up and Go test (WMD: [Formula: see text]4.48, 95% CI [Formula: see text]5.43 to [Formula: see text]3.52); walk tests (SMD: 0.47, 95% CI 0.05 to 0.89), and Fugl-Meyer Assessment (SMD 0.46, 95% CI 0.20 to 0.72; [Formula: see text] 0.01). Generally, most studies reported that participants were more motivated and enjoyed the game based intervention although there were some mixed results. CONCLUSION: Customized game based virtual rehabilitation has potential to complement current rehabilitation programs. Participants’ subjective reports of well-being, motivation and acceptance towards this intervention were generally positive.
High-energy electroproduction in an atomic field
Authors: Krachkov P A , Milstein A I 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
We discuss the most recent results in studies of high-energy electroproduction in an atomic field. Production of an e+e− pair by a relativistic electron, relativistic muon, or light nucleus and production of a μ
+
μ
− pair by a relativistic electron are reviewed. We focus on an accurate account of the interaction of the incoming particle and produced pair with the atomic field (Coulomb corrections). In all the considered cases, interaction of the particle that produces a virtual photon with the atomic field is shown to significantly change the differential cross section of the process (differential with respect to the momentum of the photon-emitting particle), in disagreement with the generally accepted opinion. However, the process cross section integrated over that momentum is only weakly affected by the interaction. Pair production in an unbound or bound state (positronium, muonium, and dimuonium) is discussed.
High-time-resolution Photometry of AR Scorpii: Confirmation of the White Dwarf’s Spin-down
Authors: Stiller Robert A. , Littlefield Colin , Garnavich Peter , Wood Charlotte , Hambsch Franz-Josef , Myers Gordon 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
The unique binary AR Scorpii consists of an asynchronously rotating, magnetized white dwarf (WD) that interacts with its red-dwarf companion to produce a large-amplitude, highly coherent pulsation every 1.97 minutes. Over the course of two years, we obtained 39 hours of time-resolved, optical photometry of AR Sco at a typical cadence of 5 s to study this pulsation. We find that it undergoes significant changes across the binary orbital period and that its amplitude, phase, and waveform all vary as a function of orbital phase. We show that these variations can be explained by constructive and destructive interference between two periodic, double-peaked signals: the spin–orbit beat pulse, and a weaker WD spin pulse. Modeling of the light curve indicates that in the optical, the amplitude of the primary spin pulse is 50% of the primary beat amplitude, while the secondary maxima of the beat and spin pulses have similar amplitudes. Finally, we use our timings of the beat pulses to confirm the presence of the disputed spin-down of the WD. We measure a beat-frequency derivative of

Hz s−1 and show that this is attributable to the spin-down of the WD. This value is approximately twice as large as the estimate from Marsh et al. but is nevertheless consistent with the constraints established in Potter & Buckley. Our precise measurement of the spin-down rate confirms that the decaying rotational energy of the magnetized WD is sufficient to power the excess electromagnetic radiation emitted by the binary.
Physical Properties of Large-scale Galactic Filaments
Authors: Zucker Catherine , Battersby Cara , Goodman Alyssa 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
The characterization of our Galaxy’s longest filamentary gas features has been the subject of several studies in recent years, producing not only a sizable sample of large-scale filaments, but also confusion as to whether all these features (e.g., “Bones,” “Giant Molecular Filaments”) are the same. They are not. We undertake the first standardized analysis of the physical properties (H2 column densities, dust temperatures, morphologies, radial column density profiles) and kinematics of large-scale filaments in the literature. We expand and improve upon prior analyses by using the same data sets, techniques, and spiral arm models to disentangle the filaments’ inherent properties from selection criteria and methodology. Our results suggest that the myriad filament-finding techniques are uncovering different physical structures, with length (11–269 pc), width (1–40 pc), mass (

), aspect ratio (3:1–117:1), and high column density fraction (0.2%–100%) varying by over an order of magnitude across the sample of 45 filaments. We develop a radial profile-fitting code, RadFil, which is publicly available. We also perform a position–position–velocity (p–p–v) analysis on a subsample and find that while 60%–70% lie spatially in the plane of the Galaxy, only 30%–45% concurrently exhibit spatial and kinematic proximity to spiral arms. In a parameter space defined by aspect ratio, dust temperature, and column density, we broadly distinguish three filament categories, which could indicate different formation mechanisms or histories. Highly elongated “Bone-like” filaments show the most potential for tracing gross spiral structure (e.g., arms, spurs), while other categories could be large concentrations of molecular gas (giant molecular clouds, core complexes).
Predicting Quasar Continua near Lyα with Principal Component Analysis
Authors: Davies Frederick B. , Hennawi Joseph F. , Bañados Eduardo , Simcoe Robert A. , Decarli Roberto , Fan Xiaohui , Farina Emanuele P. , Mazzucchelli Chiara , Rix Hans-Walter , Venemans Bram P. , Walter Fabian , Wang Feige , Yang Jinyi 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Measuring the proximity effect and the damping wing of intergalactic neutral hydrogen in quasar spectra during the epoch of reionization requires an estimate of the intrinsic continuum at rest-frame wavelengths of λ
rest ∼ 1200–1260 Å. In contrast to previous works which used composite spectra with matched spectral properties or explored correlations between parameters of broad emission lines, we opted for a nonparametric predictive approach based on principal component analysis (PCA) to predict the intrinsic spectrum from the spectral properties at redder (i.e., unabsorbed) wavelengths. We decomposed a sample of 12764 spectra of z ∼ 2–2.5 quasars from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS)/Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS) into 10 red-side (1280 Å < λ
rest < 2900 Å) and 6 blue-side (1180 Å < λ
rest < 1280 Å) PCA basis spectra, and constructed a projection matrix to predict the blue-side coefficients from a fit to the red-side spectrum. We found that our method predicts the blue-side continuum with ∼6%–12% precision and ≲1% bias by testing on the full training set sample. We then computed predictions for the blue-side continua of the two quasars currently known at z > 7: ULAS J1120+0641 (z = 7.09) and ULAS J1342+0928 (z = 7.54). Both of these quasars are known to exhibit extreme emission line properties, so we individually calibrated the uncertainty in the continuum predictions from similar quasars in the training set, finding comparable precision but moderately higher bias than the predictions for the training set as a whole, although they may face additional systematic uncertainties due to calibration artifacts present in near-infrared echelle spectra. We find that both z > 7 quasars, and in particular ULAS J1342+0928, show signs of damping wing-like absorption at wavelengths redward of Lyα.
A Deep Lyα Survey in ECDF-S and COSMOS. I. General Properties of Lyα Emitters at z ∼ 2
Authors: Hao Cai-Na , Huang Jia-Sheng , Xia Xiaoyang , Zheng Xianzhong , Jiang Chunyan , Li Cheng 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Lyα emitters (LAEs) may represent an important galaxy population in the low-mass regime. We present our deep narrowband imaging surveys in the COSMOS and ECDF-S fields and study the properties of LAEs at z = 2.23 ± 0.03. The narrowband surveys conducted at the Magellan II telescope allow us to obtain a sample of 452 LAEs, reaching a 5σ limiting magnitude of ∼26 mag. Our Lyα luminosity functions extend to L(Lyα) =1041.8 erg s−1 with a steep faint-end slope. Using multiwavelength ancillary data, especially the deep Spitzer/IRAC 3.6 and 4.5 μm photometric data, we obtained reliable stellar mass estimates for 130 IRAC-detected LAEs, spanning a range of 8 < log(M
⋆/M
⊙) < 11.5. For the remaining IRAC-undetected LAEs, the median-stacked spectral energy distribution yields a stellar mass of

and the rest-frame ultraviolet emission indicates a median star formation rate (SFR) of log (SFR/M
⊙ yr−1) = −0.14 ± 0.35. There are six LAEs detected by the Spitzer/MIPS 24 μm or even Herschel far-infrared observations. Taking into account the six mid-IR/far-IR-detected LAEs, our LAEs cover a wide range in the SFR (1 M
⊙ yr−1 < SFR < 2000 M
⊙ yr−1). Although LAEs as a population are diverse in their stellar properties, they are mostly low-mass star-forming galaxies and follow the star formation main-sequence relations or their extrapolations to the low-mass end, implying a normal star-forming nature of LAEs. The clustering analysis indicates that our LAEs reside in dark matter halos with

, suggesting that they are progenitors of local LMC-like galaxies.
Influence of the Void Environment on Chemical Abundances in Dwarf Galaxies and Implications for Connecting Star Formation and Halo Mass
Authors: Douglass Kelly A. , Vogeley Michael S. , Cen Renyue 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
We study how the void environment affects the chemical evolution of galaxies in the universe by comparing the oxygen and nitrogen abundances of dwarf galaxies in voids with dwarf galaxies in denser regions. Using spectroscopic observations from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release 7, we estimate the oxygen, nitrogen, and neon abundances of 889 void dwarf galaxies and 672 dwarf galaxies in denser regions. We use the Direct T

e
method for calculating the gas-phase chemical abundances in the dwarf galaxies because it is best suited for low-metallicity, low-mass (dwarf) galaxies. A substitute for the [O ii] λ3727 doublet is developed, permitting oxygen abundance estimates of SDSS dwarf galaxies at all redshifts with the Direct T

e
method. We find that void dwarf galaxies have about the same oxygen abundance and Ne/O ratio as dwarf galaxies in denser environments. However, we find that void dwarf galaxies have slightly higher neon (∼10%) abundances than dwarf galaxies in denser environments. The opposite trend is seen in both the nitrogen abundance and N/O ratio: void dwarf galaxies have slightly lower nitrogen abundances (∼5%) and lower N/O ratios (∼7%) than dwarf galaxies in denser regions. Therefore, we conclude that the void environment has a slight influence on dwarf galaxy chemical evolution. Our mass–N/O relationship shows that the secondary production of nitrogen commences at a lower stellar mass in void dwarf star-forming galaxies than in dwarf star-forming galaxies in denser environments. We also find that star-forming void dwarf galaxies have higher H i masses than the star-forming dwarf galaxies in denser regions. Our star-forming dwarf galaxy sample demonstrates a strong anti-correlation between the sSFR and N/O ratio, providing evidence that oxygen is produced in higher-mass stars than those which synthesize nitrogen. The lower N/O ratios and smaller stellar mass for secondary nitrogen production seen in void dwarf galaxies may indicate both delayed star formation as predicted by ΛCDM cosmology and a dependence of cosmic downsizing on the large-scale environment. A shift toward slightly higher oxygen abundances and higher H i masses in void dwarf galaxies could be evidence of larger ratios of dark matter halo mass to stellar mass in voids compared with denser regions.
Madame de Lafayette et Ménage : naissance d’une muse moderne
Authors: Freidel Nathalie 
Published: September 2018

Dans cet article, nous proposons une relecture de ce qui a été conservé de l’échange épistolaire entre Mme de Lafayette et Ménage, en nous écartant des rôles figés de l’élève et du mentor trop souvent assignés aux partenaires de l’échange. Au modèle de la correspondance de formation se superpose en effet une pratique de l’écriture en collaboration, lieu d’échanges de savoirs multiples et d’épanouissement des ambitions intellectuelles de la jeune femme. Croisant les langues et les univers de références, les lettres de l’érudit et de l’écrivaine mondaine construisent une culture et une science en mouvement, loin des catégories rigides du ratio studiorum .
Itinéraires calvinistes dans l’Europe du début de la guerre de Trente Ans : Abraham Gölnitz en son temps
Authors: Mauran Philippe 
Published: September 2018

Le voyage d’Abraham Gölnitz, publié à Leyde en 1631, n’a pas été correctement daté avant les travaux de Léon Malavialle en 1908. En assignant sa chronologie exacte au périple (du 11 mai 1624 au 15 juin 1626), il devient possible d’apprécier la précision du récit, jalonné de références à l’histoire des Réformés français. En relation avec les élites cultivées de la cour du duc Jean-Christian de Legnica-Brzeg, en Silésie, Gölnitz fit de son livre une proposition pour un voyage de formation destiné à ses fils, Georges (20 ans) et Louis (15 ans). Il obtint ce résultat en ajoutant deux événements postérieurs à sa visite en France : le siège de La Rochelle (1628) et l’assassinat du gouverneur d’Orange (1630), qui s’avèrent être des références à la culture eschatologique du duc. Le rappel du contexte politique et culturel silésien du début de la guerre de Trente Ans permet de révéler ce lien.