bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Molecular monitoring of therapeutic milestones and clinical outcomes in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia
Authors: Klil‐Drori Adi J. , Yin Hui , Azoulay Laurent , Del Corpo Alexa , Harnois Michaël , Gratton Michel‐Olivier , Olney Harold J. , Delage Robert , Laneuville Pierre , Mollica Luigina , Busque Lambert , Assouline Sarit E. ,   for the Groupe Québécois de Recherche en Leucémie Myéloïde Chronique et Néoplasies Myéloprolifératives (GQR LMC‐NMP)
Published: November 2018

AbstractBackgroundIn the current study, the authors determined whether adhering to molecular monitoring guidelines in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is associated with major molecular response (MMR) and assessed barriers to adherent monitoring.MethodsNewly treated patients with CML from the Quebec province‐wide CML registry from 2005 to 2016 were included. Timely polymerase chain reaction (tPCR) was defined as the molecular assessment of BCR‐ABL1 at the 3‐month, 12‐month, and 18‐month time points from the initiation of tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) therapy. The cohort was analyzed as a nested case‐control study. Cases with a first‐ever MMR (BCR‐ABL1 ≤0.1%, assessed at any time during follow‐up) were matched to up to 5 controls by duration of TKI therapy, volume of patients with CML at the treatment center, year of cohort entry, and age. Odds ratios (ORs) for the performance of tPCR and MMR were adjusted for sex, comorbidities, type of TKI, and other important covariates.ResultsThe cohort included 496 patients. Of 392 MMR events, 67.9% occurred before 18 months. The performance of tPCR was associated with a doubling of the MMR rate (OR, 2.23; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 1.56‐3.21) and was similar with 1 to 3 tPCRs performed (P = .67). Furthermore, tPCRs at 3 months (OR, 2.77; 95% CI, 1.81‐4.23) and 12 months (OR, 3.00; 95% CI, 1.64‐5.49) were associated with achieving early MMR, whereas tPCRs at 18 months were not (OR, 1.23; 95% CI, 0.80‐1.89). Low‐volume centers were found to have lower adherence to tPCR (OR, 0.60; 95% CI, 0.40‐0.89).ConclusionsTimely molecular assessment at 3 months and 12 months appears to benefit patients with CML. Adherence to timely monitoring should be encouraged, especially in low‐volume treatment centers.
On the Use of Thermodynamic Cycles for the Calculation of Standard Potentials for the Oxidation of Solid Metals in Solution
Authors: Funes‐Ardoiz Ignacio , Maseras Feliu 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe performance of a thermodynamic cycle for the calculation of the standard reduction potential (SRP) of a series of metals is examined. It is found that the introduction of simple entropic corrections substantially improves the agreement with experimental data. The accuracy of the estimations is in the range of 0.04 V, which opens the possibility to calculate the SRP for metals in non‐aqueous solvents or other unusual situations.
An Improved Design and Versatile New Lamination Fabrication Method for Twin Electrode Thin Layer Cells Utilizing Track‐etch Membranes
Authors: Hauke Adam , Ehrlich Said , Levine Leanna , Heikenfeld Jason 
Published: November 2018

AbstractReported here are laminated membrane electrodes, an improved design and more advantageous method of fabrication for previously reported thin layer cell electrode systems developed on track‐etch membranes. The laminated membrane approach potentially further improves flow resistance by dramatically reducing the surface area to volume ratio, but also produces a cohesive device that can be more readily applied to a broad range of applications. In addition, this new fabrication method was implemented in a scalable, commercial process and resulting product demonstrations indicate that volume manufacturing is feasible. Characterization of laminated membrane electrodes reveal redox cycling amplification factors as high as 30 with linear responses to variable concentrations of redox couple. These performance characteristics are shown to be comparable to similar generator‐collector systems fabricated through much more laborious laboratory methods. This combination of added versatility, cost‐reduced fabrication and exceptional performance clearly reveals unrealized potential of track‐etch membrane approaches and boosts their candidacy as powerful new options for generator‐collector electrode systems.
Brd4 inhibition suppresses HPV16 E6 expression and enhances chemoresponse: A potential new target in cervical cancer therapy
Authors: Rataj Olga , Haedicke‐Jarboui Juliane , Stubenrauch Frank , Iftner Thomas 
Published: November 2018

Although a vast amount of research underlines the roles of the HR HPV E6 and E7 oncogenes in HPV‐induced carcinogenesis of cervical cancer, it remains unclear whether these oncogenes are also involved in the resistance of the cancer against chemotherapy.We examined the role of the HPV16 E6 oncogene in cisplatin resistance by analyzing its expression in newly established cisplatin‐sensitive versus ‐resistant cervical cancer cell lines (CC7, CC10). Resistant variants were obtained by interval exposure treatment with 1–2 μM cisplatin for 8–9 months. Our results demonstrate that the expression level of HPV16 E6 directly correlates with the extent of cisplatin resistance in novel as well as established (SiHa) drug resistant cervical cancer cell lines. Overexpression of HPV16 E6 in cisplatin‐naïve cells rendered these cells more resistant to cisplatin. Reducing E6 expression by JQ1 treatment reversed the drug resistant phenotype and strongly enhanced chemoresponse only in HPV‐positive cisplatin‐resistant variants and not in HPV‐negative C33A cervical cancer cells. The level of E6 directly correlated with the extent of cisplatin sensitivity and was shown to be increased in newly established drug‐resistant cell line variants, while reducing E6 expression using Brd4‐inhibitors enhanced chemoresponse when co‐delivered with cisplatin. Inhibition of Brd4 could represent a new therapeutic option by increasing treatment response in cervical cancer cells and might allow lower cisplatin dosages, thus reducing negative side effects.
Prevention of pneumococcal disease in high risk adults: A pharmacist‐based assessment of adult immunization protocols in clinical practice
Authors: Capitano Blair , Chennault Rachel R. , Touchette Daniel R. , Ford Kimbal D. 
Published: November 2018

BackgroundPneumococcal immunization rates in adults at high‐risk for pneumococcal disease fall below the Healthy People 2020 goal of 60%. Implementation of recommendations from the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) provides an opportunity to improve patient care. We assessed whether pneumococcal immunization protocols (PIPs) exist for high‐risk adults across diverse clinical settings, determined protocol concordance with the 2012 ACIP recommendations, and identified tactics to improve ACIP recommendation implementation.MethodsWe conducted a multicenter, cross‐sectional survey of members of the American College of Clinical Pharmacy Practice‐Based Research Network, with practice responsibilities for high‐risk adult populations, from September 2014 to May 2015. Pediatric and travel vaccine practices were excluded. Objective survey measures evaluated the PIPs in three areas: (a) development, (b) maintenance, and (c) education. Subjective measures evaluated barriers to ACIP recommendation implementation.ResultsA total of 94 surveys representing 56 inpatient and 38 outpatient sites across 29 states were completed. Twenty‐five of the 45 inpatient PIPs (56%) were concordant with ACIP recommendations. Regular assessment for updates to and a formalized educational and accountability process was in place for 49 (91%) and 46 (85%) of the 54 inpatient PIPs evaluable in these categories, respectfully. Half of the outpatient sites did not have a standardized, written PIP in place. Of the 17 evaluable outpatient PIPs, 9 (53%) were concordant with ACIP recommendations. The most common perceived barriers to ACIP recommended immunization in adults were a lack of knowledge regarding national recommendations, a lack of accountability for recommendation implementation, and outdated PIPs.ConclusionOur study demonstrated that only 36% (34 out of 94) of the clinical sites had adopted the ACIP recommendations. While roughly half of the sites had PIPs in place, education of and accountability for immunizers was lacking, particularly in the outpatient setting. A system that enhances PIP prioritization, education, and accountability would likely address the gaps in adult pneumococcal immunization for high‐risk adults.
Let‐7g‐5p regulates mouse mammary cells differentiation and function by targeting PRKCA
Authors: Tian Lei , Li Ye , Wang Chunmei , Li Qingzhang 
Published: November 2018

AbstractMicroRNAs (miRNAs) are closely related with the posttranscriptional regulation of gene expression. Our past study showed that let‐7g‐5p decreased during pregnancy and lactation in mouse mammary gland, what suggested the prospective regulating role of let‐7g‐5p in mammary epithelial cells. In this study, to unravel the role of let‐7g‐5p, we found PRKCA (PKC‐alpha, PKC‐α) might serve as potential targets of let‐7g‐5p by bioinformatics. Then let‐7g‐5p was knocked down by an antisense oligonucleotide in mouse primary mammary epithelial cells. As predicted, PRKCA gene expression and mammary epithelial cells growth were increased by anti‐let‐7g‐5p regulation in vitro. By using reporter constructs, it showed that the let‐7g‐5p could direct binding with 3′‐the untranslated regions (3′‐UTR) of PRKCA mRNA. Furthermore, ectopic overexpression of let‐7g‐5p in vivo reduced PRKCA and β‐casein protein expression as well as inhibited mammary gland growth. These results suggested that let‐7g‐5p could inhibit the mammary epithelial cells differentiation and β‐casein protein synthesis and expression through suppression of PRKCA on the cycle of mammary cell differentiation and development and that let‐7g‐5p may be a novel important regulated target in mammary cells function.
Key microRNAs in the biology of breast cancer; emerging evidence in the last decade
Authors: Khordadmehr Monireh , Shahbazi Roya , Ezzati Hamed , Jigari‐Asl Farinaz , Sadreddini Sanam , Baradaran Behzad 
Published: November 2018

AbstractmicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a family of small noncoding RNAs that play a pivotal role in the regulation of main biological and physiological processes, including cell cycle regulation, proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, stem cell maintenance, and organ development. Dysregulation of these tiny molecules has been related to different human diseases, such as cancer. It has been estimated that more than 50% of these noncoding RNA sequences are placed on fragile sites or cancer‐associated genomic regions. After the discovery of the first specific miRNA signatures in breast cancer, many studies focused on the involvement of these small RNAs in the pathophysiology of breast tumors and their possible clinical implications as reliable prognostic biomarkers or as a new therapeutic approach. Therefore, the present review will focus on the recent findings on the involvement of miRNAs in the biology of breast cancer associated with their clinical implications.
Quantification of injection force mechanics during injection laryngoplasty
Authors: Pearson Joseph J. , Ortiz Alexandra S. , Montelongo Sergio , Simpson C. Blake , Guda Teja , Dion Gregory R. 
Published: November 2018

ObjectivesIn‐office or operative injection laryngoplasty requires needle stability for accurate material placement. To date, no reports compare injection forces based on needle gauge, bends, length, or material type or temperature. We hypothesize these factors alter injection forces and could impact clinical use.MethodsSwine larynges were placed in a compression testing machine. Syringes were affixed to a stabilizing crossbeam. Straight needles (25G 1.5‐inch; 27G 1.25‐inch; or 9.8‐inch malleable shaft 16G per oral with 24G tapered needle tip) were inserted into the swine vocal folds to simulate realistic tissue resistance pressure. Compressive loading was conducted at 40 mm/minute until steady‐state force was achieved. Tests were completed with calcium hydroxylapatite (CaHa), carboxymethylcellulose, and hyaluronic acid at various temperatures and CaHa with various bends in the needles (n = 3 per group, comparisons performed by two‐way analysis of variance (ANOVA), Tukey's post‐hoc).ResultsNeedle size, shape, and temperature altered injection force. Steady‐state force was highest with the per‐oral needle at a mean of 44.55N compared to 26.44N and 29.77N in the 25G and 27G percutaneous needles, respectively (P < 0.001). Stiffness rate (initial increasing force vs. distance to initiate injection) ranged from 19.75N/mm (per oral) to 22.06N/mm (25G) to 24.56N/mm (27G), (P = 0.875). Adding multiple bends to the per‐oral needle increased stiffness rate to 24.99N/mm (P = 0.035), whereas the 25G needle stiffness rate remained unchanged (P = 0.941), with the stiffness rate decreasing in the 27G needle with increasing bends (P = 0.033). Increased temperature decreased injection forces across all materials.ConclusionNeedle caliber, length, and bends impact steady‐state forces and stiffness rates during vocal fold injection.Level of EvidenceNA Laryngoscope, 129:1060–1066, 2019
Cyp2b‐Knockdown Mice Poorly Metabolize Corn Oil and Are Age‐Dependent Obese
Authors: Damiri Basma , Baldwin William S. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractWe previously made a RNAi‐based cytochrome P450 2b (Cyp2b)‐knockdown (Cyp2b‐KD) mouse to determine the in vivo role of the Cyp2b subfamily in xenobiotic detoxification. Further studies reported here indicate a role for Cyp2b in unsaturated fatty‐acid (UFA) metabolism and in turn obesity. Mice were treated intraperitoneally (i.p.) with 100 μL corn oil as a carrier or the potent Cyp2b‐inducer 3,3′,5,5′‐Tetrachloro‐1,4‐bis(pyridyloxy)benzene (TCPOBOP (TC)) dissolved in corn oil. Surprisingly, female Cyp2b‐KD mice but not male mice showed increased liver lipid accumulation. Male Cyp2b‐KD mice had higher serum triacylglycerols, cholesterol, very low‐density lipoprotein (VLDL), low‐density lipoprotein (LDL), and high‐density lipoprotein (HDL) than wildtype (WT) mice; females had higher cholesterol, LDL, and HDL. Thus, Cyp2b‐KD mice are unable to clear a high bolus dose of corn oil, potentially because the Cyp2b‐KD mice were unable to metabolize the UFA in the corn oil. Therefore, WT and Cyp2b‐KD mice were housed for 35 weeks and necropsies performed to test whether Cyp2b‐KD mice develop age onset obesity. Cyp2b‐KD mice exhibited a significant increase in body weight caused by an increase in white adipose tissue deposition relative to WT mice. Serum cholesterol, triacylglycerol, LDL, and VLDL were significantly greater in 35‐week‐old Cyp2b‐KD males compared to WT males; only serum triacylglycerol and LDL were higher in females. In conclusion, changes in Cyp2b expression led to perturbation in lipid metabolism and depuration in Cyp2b‐KD mice. This suggests that Cyp2b is more than a detoxification enzyme, but also involved in the metabolism of UFA, as Cyp2b‐KD mice have increased the body weight, fat deposition, and serum lipids.
Rigidity for critical metrics of the volume functional
Authors: Barros A. , da Silva A. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractGeodesic balls in a simply connected space forms , or are distinguished manifolds for comparison in bounded Riemannian geometry. In this paper we show that they have the maximum possible boundary volume among Miao–Tam critical metrics with connected boundary provided that the boundary of the manifold has a lower bound for the Ricci curvature. In the same spirit we also extend a rigidity theorem due to Boucher et al. and Shen to n‐dimensional static metrics with positive constant scalar curvature, which gives us a partial answer to the Cosmic no‐hair conjecture.
A geometric singular perturbation theory approach to constrained differential equations
Authors: Toniol Cardin Pedro , Teixeira Marco Antonio 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThis paper is concerned with a geometric study of ()‐parameter families of constrained differential systems, where . Our main results say that the dynamics of such a family close to the impasse set is equivalent to the dynamics of a multiple time scale singular perturbation problem (that is a singularly perturbed system containing several small parameters). This enables us to use a geometric theory for multiscale systems in order to describe the behaviour of such a family close to the impasse set. We think that a systematic program towards a combination between geometric singular perturbation theory and constrained systems and problems involving persistence of typical minimal sets are currently emergent. Some illustrations and applications of the main results are provided.
What will the medical physics of proton therapy look like 10 yr from now? A personal view
Authors: Lomax Antony 
Published: November 2018

Despite growing rapidly, proton therapy is still a relatively immature treatment modality, at least in comparison to conventional radiotherapy using photons. As such, in this article, the author gives a very personal view of some of the potential areas for development in medical physics for proton therapy in the next 10 yr by identifying six topics for detailed discussion. The first of these are all related to reducing various “parameters” of proton therapy treatments (size and cost, treatment times, penumbras, and margins), while the second group are related to providing more quantitative “knowledge” about the quality of the treatments we are delivering. In conclusion, there is much interesting and important work still to be done in many areas of medical physics related to proton therapy, of which, the topics selected here are just the tip of the iceberg.
Treatment and outcome of patients with thoracic tumors of the Ewing sarcoma family: A report from the Cooperative Weichteilsarkom Studiengruppe CWS‐81, ‐86, ‐91, ‐96, and ‐2002P trials
Authors: Seitz Guido , Urla Cristian , Sparber‐Sauer Monika , Schuck Andreas , Vokuhl Christian , Blank Bernd , Klingebiel Thomas , Kazanowska Bernarda , Fuchs Jörg , Koscielniak Ewa 
Published: November 2018

AbstractBackgroundEwing tumors are the most frequent malignant tumors of the chest wall in children and young adults. Surgical management of these tumors can be challenging. Optimal local control remains controversial. The aim of this study was to analyze treatment, outcome, and surgical procedures in patients with thoracic tumors of the Ewing sarcoma family (TES) treated within four Cooperative Soft‐Tissue Sarcoma (CWS) trials and one registry.Patients and methodsSixty‐two patients from 0 to 21 years treated between 1981 and 2014 were selected for this analysis. A retrospective chart analysis was carried out. Institutional review board approval was obtained for all trials.ResultsThe median age of the patients was 7 years. The 5‐year overall (OS) and event‐free survival (EFS) rates were 58.7% (52.7–64.7) and 52.8% (46.8–58.8). Patients with intrathoracic tumor localization (n = 24) had a worse outcome (EFS: 37.5%; 27.5–37.5) compared with those with chest wall tumors (n = 38; EFS: 62.3%; 54.3–70.3, P = 0.008). Patients ≤10 years (n = 38) had a better survival compared with those > 10 years (EFS: 65.7%; 57.7–73.7 vs 31.3%; 21.3–41.3, P = 0.01). Tumor size ≤5 cm (n = 15) was associated with significantly better survival compared with a size > 5 cm (n = 47, EFS: 93.3%; 87.3–99.3 vs 40%; 33‐47, P = 0.002). Primary resections were carried out in 36 patients, of which 75% were incomplete resulting in inferior EFS (P = 0.006). Complete secondary resections were performed in 22 of 40.ConclusionsPositive predictive factors for outcome are age ≤10 years, size ≤5 cm, and localization at the chest wall. Diverse IRS groups require individual treatment.
The relative impact of school‐wide positive behavior support on teachers’ perceptions of student behavior across schools, teachers, and students
Authors: Wienen Albert W. , Reijnders Inge , van Aggelen Marleen H. , Bos Elske H. , Batstra Laura , de Jonge Peter 
Published: November 2018

AbstractSchool‐wide positive behavior support (SWPBS) is a systemic approach for implementing a proactive schoolwide discipline and for improving students’ academic and behavioral outcomes by targeting the school’s organizational and social culture. With a multilevel approach, the present study evaluates the relative effectiveness of SWPBS on teachers’ perceptions of the student behavior (N = 3,295) across schools, teachers, and children using a multilevel approach. We assessed teacher perception of student problem behavior five times during a 3‐year implementation of SWPBS in 23 Dutch schools. Multilevel analyses not only revealed a small increase in perceived prosocial behavior and a small decrease in problems with peers, but also different effects across children, teachers, and schools. Effects were stronger for girls and for students with higher severity of perceived problems at baseline. At teachers’ level, higher mean baseline severity of perceived problems was associated with the reduced impact of SWPBS on perceived emotional problems and problems with peers. At the school level, effects were stronger for regular schools as compared with special needs schools.
Well‐being versus sustainable development in tourism—The host perspective
Authors: Dłużewska Anna Maria 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe following article presents a theoretical analysis of human well‐being in relation to sustainable tourism and to tourism hosting communities. Well‐being of hosts, in accordance with UNWTO or UNGA, should be achieved when sustainable tourism guidelines are fulfilled. The question posed in this article, however, challenges that view. Does it really lead to well‐being? Or maybe we are missing some important issues on the way?The article is divided into three sections. In the first section, well‐being conceptual backgrounds are presented. The second section is devoted to the analysis of well‐being usage in sustainable tourism conceptual background, and focuses on the differences between the guidelines provided in 2005, and the latest guidelines published by UNWTO and UNGA in 2015. The third part, juxtaposes well‐being conceptual background with tourism. Eventually, most prominent gaps and challenges of well‐being in a frame of sustainable tourism are presented in detail.
Photocatalytic Degradation of Congo Red Using PbTiO3 Nanorods Synthesized via a Sonochemical Approach
Authors: Bhagwat Ujwala O. , Wu Jerry J. , Asiri Abdullah M. , Anandan Sambandam 
Published: November 2018

AbstractLead titania (PbTiO3) possessing nanorods morphology was synthesized through facile and straightforward sonochemical approach using titanium tetraisopropoxide and lead nitrate as a starting material followed by annealing at 700 °C for 2 h and was utilized as an efficient photocatalyst to examine the degradation of Congo red dye (CR) under visible light. The as‐synthesized PbTiO3 nanorods were characterized by physical‐chemical methods such as phase identification, morphology, Chemical composition, and elemental analysis. To study the effect of PbTiO3 nanorods on dye degradation, various experimental parameters such as photocatalyst dosage, pH, and initial dye concentration was optimized. About 92% dye was degraded at pH 6 in the existence of PbTiO3 nanorods under visible light. To know the mineralization of Congo red in the presence of sonochemically synthesized PbTiO3 nanorods, the total organic carbon (TOC) removal studies carried out and it shows about 46% Congo red can be totally abated in 150 min under visible light.