bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relationship between serum estrogen concentration and propofol consumption: A prospective observational study of patients undergoing oocyte retrieval
Authors: Basaran Betul , Gundogdu Hulya , Tutar Sami , Gulerman Cavidan 
Published: August 2018

AbstractAimControlled ovarian hyperstimulation results in elevated levels of estrogen during in vitro fertilization (IVF). Although serum ovarian steroid hormones were found to influence central nervous system and anesthetic requirements, the relationship between propofol requirements and serum estrogen concentration in women undergoing oocyte retrieval has not been studied. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between serum estrogen and progesterone concentrations and the required propofol dose for loss of consciousness (LOC).MethodsNinety patients undergoing oocyte retrieval for IVF were enrolled. Anesthesia was induced by administration of 200 mL/h propofol (1%) infusion to reach LOC. Anesthesia was maintained with a propofol infusion guided by entropy. The correlation between estrogen, progesterone levels and propofol dose at the time of LOC was analyzed. Emergence time from anesthesia and total propofol consumption were recorded.ResultsThe mean serum estradiol concentration was 1825 ±1135 pg/mL. There was a significant positive correlation between serum estradiol and propofol dose required for LOC (Pearson's correlation r = 0.28, P = 0.008). Progesterone had no significant correlation with total propofol dose at the time of LOC. Patients with high estradiol levels (higher than the median value) had similar propofol requirement for LOC, total propofol consumption and emergence time with patients who had low (below the median value) levels.ConclusionAlthough increased estrogen levels create a positive correlation with propofol dose for LOC, estrogen does not seem to be the only factor for anesthetic requirement of patients undergoing controlled ovarian hyperstimulation.
Longitudinal Associations Between Adolescents' Bullying‐Related Indirect Defending, Outsider Behavior, and Peer‐Group Status
Authors: Pronk Jeroen , Olthof Tjeert , Aleva Elisabeth A. , van der Meulen Matty , Vermande Marjolijn M. , Goossens Frits A. 
Published: August 2018

During adolescence, youth become more likely to avoid involvement in witnessed bullying and less likely to support victims. It is unknown whether—and how—these bystander behaviors (i.e., outsider behavior and indirect defending) are associated with adolescents' peer‐group status (i.e., popularity and social acceptance) over time. Cross‐lagged path modeling was used to examine these longitudinal associations in a sample of 313 Dutch adolescents (Mage‐T1 = 10.3 years). The results showed that status longitudinally predicted behavior, rather than that behavior predicted status. Specifically, unpopularity predicted outsider behavior and social acceptance predicted indirect defending. These findings suggest that a positive peer‐group status can trigger adolescents' provictim stance. However, adolescents may also strategically avoid involvement in witnessed bullying to keep a low social profile.
Effects of concentrate supplementation in early lactation on nutrient efficiency, ruminal fermentation and reticular pH of zero‐grazing dairy cows with differing milk production potentials
Authors: Falk Manuela , Münger Andreas , Zbinden Rahel S. , Gross Josef J. , Bruckmaier Rupert M. , Hess Hans Dieter , Dohme‐Meier Frigga 
Published: August 2018

AbstractIn Switzerland, fresh herbage is a favoured feed for dairy cows due to its high quality and availability and low production costs. However, transition and early lactation are periods characterized by an increased nutrient demand that may not be covered by herbage alone. To compare the effects of concentrate supplementation in early lactation on nutrient efficiency and ruminal fermentation, 24 multiparous Holstein cows were assigned to two performance groups according to their previous lactation milk yield: high‐ (8,959 ± 984 kg) and low‐ (6,204 ± 1,000 kg) potential cows. Within this group, cows were allocated to two treatment groups receiving either herbage ad libitum (n = 11) or herbage supplemented with concentrate (n = 13). The experiment started for each cow 2 weeks before the predicted calving date (LW‐2) and lasted until lactation week (LW) 8. Milk yield and dry matter intake (DMI) were recorded daily. The reticular pH was measured continuously using a telemetric pH bolus. Milk components and ruminal fermentation traits were analysed in LW‐2, LW2, LW4, LW6 and LW8. Supplemented cows (p < 0.001) and high‐potential cows (p = 0.015) produced more milk than unsupplemented cows and low‐potential cows, respectively. Milk acetone was affected by supplementation (p < 0.001) and milk potential (p = 0.002) and was especially high in unsupplemented, high‐potential cows until LW6. Supplementation caused a decrease in herbage DMI (p < 0.001) but resulted in an increased total DMI (p < 0.001), whereas milk potential had no effect on DMI. Associated with an increasing DMI (p < 0.001), ruminal volatile fatty acid concentration (p = 0.024) increased and reticular pH (p < 0.001) decreased from LW2 until LW6. Apart from that, effects on ruminal fermentation and reticular pH were minor. In conclusion, even though apparent nutrient efficiency was high, high‐potential cows without supplementation seem to struggle more with reduced nutrient availability than other cows; therefore, they appear to be more prone to metabolic stress and consequently to production diseases.
A randomised crossover trial comparing nasal masks with oronasal masks: No differences in therapeutic pressures or residual apnea‐hypopnea indices
Authors: Shirlaw Teresa , Duce Brett , Milosavljevic Jasmina , Hanssen Kevin , Hukins Craig 
Published: August 2018

AbstractIn treating obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), the use of oronasal masks with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) has been reported to increase pressure levels and reduce compliance. These reports come mostly from large observational studies. In this study, we examined the impact that oronasal masks have on 95th centile pressures, the residual apnea‐hypopnea index (AHI) and compliance compared with nasal masks. A randomised crossover design was implemented. Participants already established on CPAP were randomly allocated to a nasal mask or oronasal mask with auto‐titrating positive airway pressure (APAP) for 2 weeks. Participants then crossed over to use the alternate mask for another 2 weeks. Seventy‐one participants were recruited but only 60 completed the trial. There were no differences in median 95th centile pressure (nasal, 11.5 cm H2O; oronasal, 11.7 cm H2O; p = 0.115), median residual AHI (nasal, 4.9 events/hr; oronasal, 5.3 events/hr; p = 0.234) or median compliance (nasal, 7.3 hr/night; oronasal, 7.3 hr/night; p = 0.961). Only four patients had 95th centile pressures that were at least 1.5 cm H2O greater with oronasal masks. Oronasal masks do not systematically increase therapeutic CPAP requirements. Rather, a small subset of patients display significant differences in CPAP levels.
Water source segregation along successional stages in a degraded karst region of subtropical China
Authors: Nie Yun‐peng , Chen Hong‐song , Ding Ya‐li , Wang Ke‐lin 
Published: August 2018

AbstractQuestionsWater source segregation among plant species has been widely observed in a variety of ecosystems. However, whether correlated segregation occurs at a community level and its relationship to successional stages has rarely been studied.LocationOpen shrubland, dense shrubland and secondary forest on adjacent rocky karst hill slopes, southwest China.MethodsPlant samples of the five most dominant species from each community type were collected seven times throughout the growing season. Dynamics of stem water isotope values (SWIVs) for the five species within each community were examined using a regression analysis of the averaged isotope value of each species v sampling time. Overall variation of SWIVs was compared among communities. Similarities between communities were further distinguished by comparing the dynamics of SWIVs for the species shared by different communities and studying their relationship to rainwater.ResultsThe fitted regression line for each community was statistically significant (p < 0.05), with all species falling between the upper and lower limit lines of the 95% prediction interval of stem water isotopic composition; these convergent dynamics point toward a similar water source for different species within each community. The common species from the secondary forest exhibited fewer fluctuations in SWIVs than those from the open shrubland, which was consistent with the significantly smaller overall variation in SWIVs for the secondary forest. As smoother dynamic of SWIVs over time is related to using rainwater received over a longer period of time, the secondary forest was estimated to be less dependent on rainwater received within short time spans than the other two communities.ConclusionsOur study revealed community‐level water source segregation in a karst region. Early successional plant communities were more dependent on recent rainwater received within short time spans and thus were potentially more vulnerable to reduced rainfall frequency than late successional stage communities.
The integrase of the Macrococcus caseolyticus resistance island mecD (McRImecD) inserts DNA site‐specifically into Staphylococcus and Bacillus chromosomes
Authors: Schwendener Sybille , Perreten Vincent 
Published: August 2018

SummaryThe methicillin resistance gene mecD has been recently identified on chromosomal islands in Macrococcus caseolyticus (McRImecD). The 5′ end of McRImecD carries an integrase (int) of the tyrosine recombinase family and two genes (intR and xis) encoding putative DNA‐binding proteins. The islands are integrated site‐specifically at the 3′ end of the rpsI gene, a highly conserved locus in Gram‐positive bacteria. Moreover, the rpsI gene of some Staphylococcus and Bacillus strains was found to be followed by a related integrase, raising the question of whether McRImecD could be transferred to these species. We used circular model elements carrying 5′ end fragments of McRImecD‐1 to demonstrate that the int enzyme and the attachment (att) site were sufficient to mediate site‐specific DNA integration into the rpsI locus of Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus pseudintermedius and Bacillus thuringiensis in vivo. Including xis in the model element stimulated both integrative and excisive recombination reactions and influenced the Int enzyme in att site selection. The intR gene functions as a negative regulator of int and xis. The int‐xis genes of McRImecD‐1 encode a site‐specific recombination function that enables the acquisition of McRImecD in new hosts and the potential dissemination of broad‐spectrum β‐lactam resistance across genus barriers.
Access to waitlisting for deceased donor kidney transplantation in Australia
Authors: Sypek Matthew P , Clayton Philip A , Lim Wai , Hughes Peter , Kanellis John , Wright Jenni , Chapman Jeremy , McDonald Stephen P 
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACTAimA detailed analysis of waitlisting for deceased donor kidney transplantation in Australia has not previously been reported. We aimed to determine if patient characteristics associated with waitlisting identify areas of potential inequality in access to transplantation in Australia.MethodsA competing risk time‐to‐event model was used to determine predictors of waitlisting for all adult incident renal replacement therapy patients in Australia between 2006 and 2015. Secondary analysis was performed to determine predictors of overall access to transplantation (using a combined outcome of waitlisting and living donor transplantation).ResultsThe cohort consisted of 21 231 patients with a median age of 63 years. Overall, 4361 (20.5%) were waitlisted and 1239 (5.8%) received a living donor transplant without being previously waitlisted.Primary analysis revealed that medical comorbidities, older age, smoking status and body mass index were all significant predictors of waitlisting and that and there was variation in waitlisting practice across states Despite adjustment for the above factors, demographic characteristics, including Indigenous ethnicity (subdistribution hazard ratios (SHR) 0.46 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.38–0.55)), female gender (SHR 0.85 (95% CI 0.80, 0.91)) and residence in a regional area (SHR 0.88 (95% CI 0.81–0.95)) were also associated with a lower likelihood of waitlisting. Secondary analysis showed younger age and higher socio‐economic advantage were additional predictors of overall access to transplantation, driven by higher rates of living donor transplantation.ConclusionDemographic as well as clinical characteristics are associated with reduced likelihood of waitlisting for kidney transplantation in Australia. Further analysis and auditing should be considered to determine if this reflects other unmeasured factors or highlights a need to address inequality.
Using herbaria to study global environmental change
Authors: Lang Patricia L. M. , Willems Franziska M. , Scheepens J. F. , Burbano Hernán A. , Bossdorf Oliver 
Published: August 2018

SummaryDuring the last centuries, humans have transformed global ecosystems. With their temporal dimension, herbaria provide the otherwise scarce long‐term data crucial for tracking ecological and evolutionary changes over this period of intense global change. The sheer size of herbaria, together with their increasing digitization and the possibility of sequencingDNAfrom the preserved plant material, makes them invaluable resources for understanding ecological and evolutionary species’ responses to global environmental change. Following the chronology of global change, we highlight how herbaria can inform about long‐term effects on plants of at least four of the main drivers of global change: pollution, habitat change, climate change and invasive species. We summarize how herbarium specimens so far have been used in global change research, discuss future opportunities and challenges posed by the nature of these data, and advocate for an intensified use of these ‘windows into the past’ for global change research and beyond.
Interactive and noninteractive roles of histone H2B monoubiquitination and H3K36 methylation in the regulation of active gene transcription and control of plant growth and development
Authors: Zhao Wei , Neyt Pia , Van Lijsebettens Mieke , Shen Wen‐Hui , Berr Alexandre 
Published: August 2018

Summary

Covalent modifications of histones are essential to control a wide range of processes during development and adaptation to environmental changes.

With the establishment of reference epigenomes, patterns of histone modifications were correlated with transcriptionally active or silenced genes. These patterns imply the need for the precise and dynamic coordination of different histone‐modifying enzymes to control transcription at a given gene. Classically, the influence of these enzymes on gene expression is examined separately and their interplays rarely established. In Arabidopsis, HISTONE MONOUBIQUITINATION2 (HUB2) mediates H2B monoubiquitination (H2Bub1), whereas SET DOMAIN GROUP8 (SDG8) catalyzes H3 lysine 36 trimethylation (H3K36me3).

In this work, we crossed hub2 with sdg8 mutants to elucidate their functional relationships. Despite similar phenotypic defects, sdg8 and hub2 mutations broadly affect genome transcription and plant growth and development synergistically. Also, whereas H3K4 methylation appears largely dependent on H2Bub1, H3K36me3 and H2Bub1 modifications mutually reinforce each other at some flowering time genes. In addition, SDG8 and HUB2 jointly antagonize the increase of the H3K27me3 repressive mark.

Collectively, our data provide an important insight into the interplay between histone marks and highlight their interactive complexity in regulating chromatin landscape which might be necessary to fine‐tune transcription and ensure plant developmental plasticity.
A systematic review and meta‐analysis of lifestyle interventions in women of reproductive age with overweight or obesity: the effects on symptoms of depression and anxiety
Authors: van Dammen L. , Wekker V. , de Rooij S. R. , Groen H. , Hoek A. , Roseboom T. J. 
Published: August 2018

SummaryObesity is a rising problem, especially among women of reproductive age. Overweight and obesity reduce both physical and mental health. Lifestyle interventions could have beneficial effects on both, but an overview of the effects on mental health, especially in women of reproductive age, is currently lacking. Therefore, the aim of this review was to assess the effect of lifestyle interventions on symptoms of depression and anxiety in women of reproductive age with overweight or obesity. The databases MEDLINE, EMBASE and PsycINFO were searched from inception to June 2018 for published randomized controlled trials (RCTs). We included lifestyle intervention RCTs in women of reproductive age with overweight or obesity that assessed effects on symptoms of depression and/or anxiety. The difference between baseline and post‐intervention scores on symptoms of depression and anxiety for the intervention and control group was analysed. Meta‐analysis was performed with a random effects model. The search resulted in 5,316 citations, and after screening five RCTs were included, in which 571 women were randomized. The effect of lifestyle interventions on depression scores was investigated among 224 women from five RCTs. The pooled estimate for the mean difference was −1.35 (95% CI, −2.36 to −0.35, p = 0.008). The effect of lifestyle interventions on anxiety levels was studied among 148 women from four RCTs, resulting in a pooled estimate of −1.74 (−2.62 to −0.87, p < 0.001). Based on five RCTs, meta‐analyses showed that lifestyle interventions in women of reproductive age with overweight or obesity consistently reduce symptoms of depression and anxiety.
Patterns of Compartment Involvement in End‐stage Knee Osteoarthritis in a Chinese Orthopedic Center: Implications for Implant Choice
Authors: Wang Wei‐jun , Sun Ming‐hui , Palmer Jonathan , Liu Fei , Bottomley Nicholas , Jackson William , Qiu Yong , Weng Wen‐jie , Price Andrew 
Published: August 2018

ObjectivesKnee osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent disease in the elderly, causing pain and contributing to poor quality of life. Surgical intervention, such as knee arthroplasty, can be used in those with end‐stage knee OA. Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is one of the most common surgical procedures for end‐stage knee OA, with promising clinical outcomes. However, a large proportion of patients with isolated compartment OA can be treated with unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) instead. UKA has shown better patient‐reported functional outcomes, and lower mortality and major complication rates than TKA. The percentage of UKA in knee arthroplasty varied in different orthopedic centers, and we believed that the requirement for UKA was underestimated in many centers. A retrospective study was carried out on our Chinese patient population presenting for knee arthroplasty; it aimed to identify the proportion of patients that might be suitable for UKA.MethodsA retrospective cross‐sectional study of 155 consecutive patients (168 knees) awaiting TKA for end‐stage primary OA was performed. The pattern and grade of OA was recorded from preoperative weight‐bearing anteroposterior and non‐weight‐bearing lateral radiographs. The medial, lateral, patellofemoral compartment was given an individual Kellgren–Lawrence grade on the radiographs, and those grade ≥3 were defined as end‐stage OA. The compartments involvement was established then. The integrity of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) was determined by the modified Keyes classification on lateral radiographs. The applicability for total or partial knee arthroplasty was determined according to the compartments involvement.ResultsMedial compartment involvement was found in 154 (91.7%) knees, while the involvement of the lateral compartment and patellofemoral joint was found in 54 (32.1%) and 57 (33.9%) knees, respectively. Eighty‐one (48.2%) of the knees showed medial compartment OA with or without patellofemoral joint involvement, and modified Keyes classification grade 1, indicating an intact ACL, and, hence, potential suitability for medial UKA. Isolated lateral OA indicating possible suitability for lateral UKA was identified in 11 knees (6.5%). No patients showed isolated patellofemoral joint OA. The other 76 (45.2%) knees could be treated by TKA.ConclusionsThe medial compartment was the most commonly affected in our Chinese patients indicated for knee arthroplasty. More than half of the patients in this group could be treated by either medial or lateral UKA.
Early hyperbaric oxygen therapy for cerebral air embolism during atrial fibrillation ablation
Authors: Ulus Taner , Babayiğit Erdi , Çamlı Ezgi , Aykaç Özlem , Kocabaş Zehra Uysal , Özdemir Atilla Özcan , Ercan Erdinç 
Published: August 2018

AbstractCerebral air embolism is a potentially life‐threatening complication of left‐sided ablation procedures. We present a 51‐year‐old woman with cerebral air embolism during atrial fibrillation cryoballoon ablation. Taking a deep breath while removing the dilatator was the most likely mechanism in our case. The patient was successfully treated with hyperbaric oxygen therapy at early stage and was discharged without any neurological sequelae.
Targeted next‐generation sequencing for genetic diagnosis of 160 patients with primary immunodeficiency in south China
Authors: Xia Yu , He Tingyan , Luo Yin , Li Chengrong , Lim Che Kang , Abolhassani Hassan , Yang Jun , Hammarström Lennart 
Published: August 2018

AbstractBackgroundPrimary immunodeficiency disorders (PID) is a group of heterogeneous diseases mainly characterized by severe and recurrent infections and an increased susceptibility to lymphoproliferative, atopic, and autoimmune conditions. The clinical diagnosis should preferably be complemented by a genetic diagnosis. To date, PID‐related reports from China seldom attempt to make a genetic test for their patients.MethodsOur study aimed to evaluate demographic data, clinical manifestations, and molecular diagnosis of PID patients from southern China. Moreover, by comparison with previous reports, we provide a picture of the current status of PID in mainland China. A total number of 160 pediatric PID patients (106 males and 54 females) were enrolled, and targeted next‐generation sequencing was conducted using 269 PID‐related genes and subsequently confirmed by Sanger sequencing and familial segregation analysis.ResultThe autoinflammatory disease group was the most common subcategory of PID (20%), followed by immune dysregulation (17.5%) and combined immunodeficiencies (16.2%). Antibody deficiency disorders were identified in only 11.9% of the cohort. The putative causative gene was identified in 70 patients (43.8%), and an X‐linked pattern was found in 45.7% of the genetically diagnosed patients.ConclusionThe current study provides the first collective study of PID phenotypes and genotypes in south China and provides a strong argument for the diagnostic application of targeted next‐generation sequencing panels in patients with suspected PID.