bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Rare Aberrant Division of Radial Nerve Encountered During Fixation of Distal 1/3rd Shaft Humerus Fracture
Authors: Gupta Gagandeep , Kala Shivang , Sagar  , Saini Akhilesh 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The radial nerve is a continuation of the posterior cord, which is composed of axons from C5 to C8. Rarely are abnormalities in the posterior cord’s branching pattern mentioned in the literature. An unusual change encountered in the radial nerve is described in this case report, during fixation of distal 1/3rd shaft humerus fracture left side in a 22-year-old male, where the radial nerve is seen as two distinct bundles, anterior and posterior. The posterior division provided aberrant branches to the long head of the triceps muscle, medially, while the anterior division persisted as the main radial nerve. To expose the humerus shaft for fixations, an orthopedic surgeon must be aware of the radial nerve divisions.
Sarvatantra Swatantra Kaikulangara Rama Varier - An illustrious polymath who enriched the Ayurveda literature
Authors: Karthika Asokan Prabha , Indu Puthan Purayi , Saniya Chettiyam Kandy 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Kaikulangara Rama Varier (1832–1897) was one of the greatest Sanskrit scholars, Kerala had ever seen. He had a profound knowledge of Sanskrit, Ayurveda, Astrology, Vedanta, Yogabhyasa, Tarka, Vyakarana, and Music. With his extraordinary writing skills, even the toughest Sanskrit slokas were translated into Malayalam and made reader-friendly. His keen interest in popularizing Sanskrit language paved the way for translational works of Ayurveda. In the present study, the life profile of Kaikulangara Rama Varier is documented with the data collected through direct interviews with relatives, historians, and other published works. In Ayurveda, the literary works of Kaikulangara Rama Varier, which are commendable are Arogyaraksha-Kalpadruma, Bhavaprakasha and Sararthadarpana vyakhyana of Ashtanga Hridaya, Vaidya granthamala, and Vaidyamrita tarangini. The areas of panchakarma and management of eye disorders from his Ashtanga Hridaya commentaries were compiled and published separately as Panchakarma chikitsa and Netra chikitsa. Arogyaraksha-Kalpadruma expounds on various areas of pediatric practice right from birth, including the prevention and management of age-specific illness with many unique drug formulations that are successfully in practice even now. His recommendations on pediatric practices remain unparalleled and have made him more famous in Ayurveda. Over time, much of his works of literature got decayed. It is the need of the hour to preserve and explore these invaluable works, especially those related to Ayurveda, to sustain the knowledge and essence of this traditional science.
Prof. Dinkar Govind Thatte - An exceptional educator and a renowned researcher in Ayurvedic Anatomy
Authors: Prasad Anjali B. , Kumar Shobhit 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Professor (Dr.) Dinkar Govind Thatte’s life is characterized by meticulous devotion and is an exceptional and indispensable symbol in the field of Rachana and Kriya Sharira (Ayurvedic anatomy and physiology). In addition to his contributions to Sharira, he is famously remembered for his unwavering commitment to advocating and enhancing Ayurveda. He chose to continue with the Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery (BMBS) despite the prevailing trends, rejecting the merger with contemporary medicine. Dedicated and hardworking, he achieved different heights in his academic career and carved a memorable path through a life of sacrifice, devotion, innovation, and scholarly excellence. His approach to teaching, particularly cadaveric dissection through demonstration, revolutionized pedagogy in Ayurvedic education, a paradigm shift in the understanding of the human body within the context of Ayurveda. Beyond his academic pursuits, Dr. Thatte’s philanthropic spirit led him to establish the All-India Sharira Research Institute (AISRI). Through this institute, he promoted education, research, and deserving students. This article aims to honor his memory and legacy that inspires scientists, scholars, and practitioners, across the country. His family members, colleagues, and close students were interviewed to learn about his principles, workstyle, and achievements. This biography delves into the multidimensional persona of Dr. Thatte’s rise from student to becoming a forerunner in Ayurveda, primarily in Sharira, recording his pioneering discoveries and paradigm-shifting contributions in the arena of Ayurveda.
The legacy of Kaviraj Gananath Sen: Bridging traditions in Ayurveda
Authors: Bhushan Shakti , Saha Suparna , Gajji Babu 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Kaviraj Gananath Sen (1877–1945) was a distinguished scholar and physician who significantly refurbished Ayurveda knowledge and practice. He integrated traditional Ayurvedic principles with modern medical knowledge, becoming a licensed physician at the age of 20 years. He was instrumental in establishing the Ayurvedic Faculty at Banaras Hindu University (BHU), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India, and founded the Vishwanath Ayurved Mahavidyalaya in Calcutta, now Kolkata, West Bengal, India. Despite resistance, he authored influential texts like Pratyaksa Sareeram and Siddantha Nidana, merging ancient Ayurvedic wisdom with modern anatomy. Globally, his paper on “Hindu Medicine” disseminated Ayurvedic principles. He served as the President of the annual conferences of the Akhila Bharata Varshiya Ayurveda Mahasammelan, held in Allahabad in 1911, Indore in 1920, and Mysore in 1931. Additionally, he was the President of the Nikhila Bharata Ayurveda Vidyapeeth for many years. In 1935, he also presided over the “Tridosha Sambhasha Parishad” at BHU. His enduring legacy continues to shape contemporary Ayurvedic practice and education.
Divergent Histology in Bladder Cancer: What We Need to Know?
Authors: Agrawal Shashank , Menon Arun Ramdas , Pooleri Ginil Kumar 
Published: November 2024

Summary
The 2022 WHO classification of urinary tract tumors identifies several less common subtypes of invasive urothelial carcinoma, all of which are classified as high-grade. Reporting the percentage of divergent differentiation or specific subtypes is recommended whenever feasible. The role of neoadjuvant and adjuvant chemotherapy in these histologies is still uncertain, as prospective data are limited. This chapter emphasizes the histologic traits of divergent differentiation and bladder cancer subtypes outlined in the latest WHO classification, along with updates on their clinical characteristics.
Pelvic Lymph Node Dissection in Bladder Cancer: Have We Agreed on the Extent?
Authors: Singh Anshuman , Sharma Gopal , Gautam Gagan 
Published: November 2024

Summary
Radical cystectomy (RC) combined with pelvic lymph node dissection (PLND) is the gold standard for treating muscle invasive bladder cancer; however, the optimal extent of PLND, whether limited (lPLND), standard (sPLND), extended (ePLND), or super-extended (sePLND), remains controversial. This review assesses the existing literature, including randomized controlled trials, retrospective studies, and meta-analyses, to evaluate the impact of different PLND extents on oncological and survival outcomes in patients undergoing RC. For patients with advanced disease (cT3 or higher), ePLND provides significant diagnostic and therapeutic benefits by improving staging accuracy and potentially eradicating micrometastatic disease, which may translate into better survival outcomes. The advantages of ePLND often outweigh the associated surgical risks in such cases. Conversely, for patients with less advanced disease (≤pT2) or those with significant comorbidities, the incremental benefits of extensive dissection are limited, and a more conservative approach, such as lPLND or sPLND, is recommended to minimize surgical morbidity when still achieving effective oncologic control. Current evidence suggests that a well-performed sPLND is generally sufficient for accurate staging and prognostication, whereas sePLND does not offer additional survival benefits and increases the risk of complications.
Rising Breast Cancer Rates in Younger Women: Could Dietary Advanced Glycation End Products Be the Missing Link?
Authors: Panguluri Gowtami A. , Findlay Victoria J. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The incidence of breast cancer is increasing among young women, who are at higher risk of aggressive cancer-related deaths. Lifestyle factors, especially diet, are known to be changeable risk factors that can affect cancer development. This review focuses on the published literature connecting dietary advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and the risk of breast cancer, particularly in the adolescent and young adult (AYA) population. To support our analysis, we collected and synthesized data from sources such as PubMed, the SEER database, the American Association of Food and Nutrition Guidelines, and the World Health Organization publications within the last 15 years. AGEs are mainly found in ultra-processed foods, as well as in foods high in fat and sugar, which are common in the Western diet. AGEs are also created through nonenzymatic glycoxidation during food cooking at high temperatures. AGEs have been linked to cancer progression through the receptor for AGE, which can activate inflammatory and oxidative stress pathways that support tumor formation. Epidemiological studies and preclinical models have indicated that a high dietary intake of AGEs is correlated with an elevated risk of developing breast cancer and poorer survival outcomes for women. While the connection between AGEs and breast cancer risk is evident, there is a lack of research focusing on the AYA population. This highlights the necessity for further investigation to fully comprehend the impact of dietary AGE consumption during formative years on the rising incidence of breast cancer in the AYA population. We want to highlight the significance of cancer prevention methods. This includes initiatives to decrease the intake of dietary AGEs during puberty, when simultaneously raising awareness and providing education on the significance of adopting healthy dietary practices and engaging in regular physical activity. These measures could be effective in reducing the risk of breast cancer among young women worldwide.
Evaluating Clinical Efficacy of Thermalytix as a Breast Cancer Screening Tool in Young Women
Authors: Kakileti Siva Teja , Sampangi Sudhakar , Ramprakash H. V. , Manjunath Geetha 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Objective:
Breast cancer remains a significant health challenge worldwide, particularly among women under 45 years of age who often present with dense breast tissue. Mammography, the current gold standard for breast cancer screening, is less effective in this demographic due to reduced sensitivity in detecting malignancies within dense breast tissue. This study evaluates the efficacy of Thermalytix, an artificial intelligence-driven, noninvasive, and radiation-free thermal imaging tool, as a screening modality for breast cancer in young women through a meta-analysis of published studies.

Materials and Methods:
This meta-analysis aggregated the data from three clinical studies involving a total of 1187 women who first underwent a Thermalytix test followed by reference standard of care (SoC) tests, which included one or more mammography, ultrasound, and biopsy. Among these women, 463 were under 45 years of age and were eligible for this study. Thermalytix analyzed high-resolution thermal images of the breast, utilizing novel radiomic features such as hotspots, vascular patterns, and areolar characteristics to predict malignancy. The performance of Thermalytix was evaluated by computing its sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV), with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs), in both the overall population and the younger cohort by aggregating the data from all studies.

Results:
Among the 463 young women under 45 years, 43 were diagnosed with breast cancer as per SoC. When raw data were aggregated from this young women cohort, Thermalytix resulted in a sensitivity of 90.7% (95% CI: 82.0%–99.4%), a specificity of 82.1% (95% CI: 78.5%–85.8%), a PPV of 34.2% (95% CI: 25.5%–42.9%), and an NPV of 98.9% (95% CI: 97.7%–100%). The pooled sensitivity and specificity of Thermalytix using the random-effects model were estimated to be 96.0% (95% CI: 88.9%–100%) and 82.3% (95% CI: 78.6%–85.9%), respectively. Further, in the entire population of 1187, Thermalytix showed an aggregated sensitivity of 88.3% (95% CI: 83.3%–93.2%), specificity of 84.7% (95% CI: 82.5%–86.9%), PPV of 47.7% (95% CI: 42.0%–53.3%), and NPV 97.9% (95% CI: 96.9%–98.8%).

Conclusions:
Thermalytix demonstrated high sensitivity and NPV in women under 45 years of age, suggesting its potential as an effective screening modality for younger women who face challenges with conventional screening methods due to dense breast tissue.
Unique Peripheral Immune Profile in Young Women with Metastatic Breast Cancer
Authors: Abreu Catarina , Corredeira Patricia , Cavaco Ana , Szeneszi Lisiana Wachholz , Barradas Ana , Luis Henrique , Antunes Marilia , Alves Patricia , Ribeiro Leonor , Pinto Conceição , Quintela Antonio , Torres Sofia , Sousa Rita , Mansinho André , Luna-Pais Helena , Pacheco Teresa , Semedo Patricia , Casimiro Sandra , Serre Karine , Ribot Julie , Silva-Santos Bruno , Costa Luis 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background:
The occurrence of breast cancer in young women (BCYW), i.e., under 40 years old (<40 years), is increasing, and tumors in this group often exhibit different biology and prognosis compared to those in older counterparts.

Aim and Study Design:
This study aimed to access the peripheral immune cell populations in metastatic BCYW at diagnosis and compare them with older (≥40) metastatic breast cancer (BC) patients. Blood samples were collected when the metastatic disease was diagnosed and before treatment began.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 90 patients were included, with a median age of 52.5 years at baseline (27–88 years). Among them, 17 patients were under 40 years old, and 73 were 40 years old or older. We isolated peripheral blood mononuclear cells using Histopaque-1077 Hybri-Max to access immune cells by flow cytometry. For comparisons between two groups, the Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon test was used, and Dunn’s test was used for comparisons between more than two groups.

Results:
The presence of metastatic BCYW was characterized by a lower proportion of regulatory T-cells (Treg) and central memory (CM) CD8+ T-cells, as well as a higher proportion of total effector T-cells (Teff). In young patients with widespread metastasis (plurimetastatic), there was a higher proportion of Teff cells, Vδ2+ T-cells, and effector Vδ1+ T-cells, with fewer Treg cells. Conversely, older plurimetastatic patients had more Treg cells and fewer effector T-cells. Furthermore, young oligometastatic patients had a lower proportion of CM CD8+ T-cells.

Conclusions:
BCYW presents a distinct immunologic profile with higher effector cell activity and lower levels of regulatory and memory cells, regardless of metastatic burden and menopausal status. This finding suggests that targeting immune pathways may offer new therapeutic strategies to improve outcomes for young women with BC, potentially leading to more personalized and effective treatments.
Distribution of the number of prime factors with a given multiplicity
Authors: Elma Ertan , Martin Greg 
Published: November 2024

AbstractGiven an integer
$k\ge 2$
, let
$\omega _k(n)$
denote the number of primes that divide n with multiplicity exactly k. We compute the density
$e_{k,m}$
of those integers n for which
$\omega _k(n)=m$
for every integer
$m\ge 0$
. We also show that the generating function
$\sum _{m=0}^\infty e_{k,m}z^m$
is an entire function that can be written in the form
$\prod _{p} \bigl (1+{(p-1)(z-1)}/{p^{k+1}} \bigr )$
; from this representation we show how to both numerically calculate the
$e_{k,m}$
to high precision and provide an asymptotic upper bound for the
$e_{k,m}$
. We further show how to generalize these results to all additive functions of the form
$\sum _{j=2}^\infty a_j \omega _j(n)$
; when
$a_j=j-1$
this recovers a classical result of Rényi on the distribution of
$\Omega (n)-\omega (n)$
.
Farmers’ perspectives on pesticide usage in vegetable production in selected agricultural zones in Lagos State, Nigeria
Authors: Humphrey O.F. , Osuala F.I. , Igwo-Ezikpe M.N. 
Published: November 2024

Pesticide usage is an essential part of modern farming and its indiscriminate use poses a significant health risk to humans and the environment. This study aimed to investigate the perspectives of vegetable farmers on pesticide usage, attitude in handling, storage, use of personal protective equipment, and health symptoms they experienced. This investigation was conducted in some selected areas of the three agricultural zones of Lagos State (Far Eastern, Eastern and Western zones) using structured questionnaire. A total of 350 farmers provided adequate information needed for this study. Descriptive statistics was used for data analysis. Most of the farmers have some level of formal education (85.4 %) while 14.29 % have no education. The majority (96.86%) of farmers agreed to the use of various pesticides ranging from chemical to botanical. Most of the respondents stored their pesticides in their tool shed while 14 % stored their pesticides in their homes of residence. The respondents adopted unsafe practices such as littering their farm sites (11.14%), and burning of empty containers on-farm (14.29 %), while 3.43% reused empty pesticide containers. The majority of the farmers used personal protective equipment (81.70 %), though not appropriately. As a result, 13.14 % of the farmers experienced more than one health symptoms after pesticide application. Despite the level of the respondents’ formal education, 38.57 % were not trained. To limit the risk associated with the use of pesticides, it is important that adequate and comprehensive training on safe farm practices be given to farmers by the government.
PUBLIC PROSECUTOR'S SUPERVISION OVER THE OBSERVATION OF CITIZENS' LABOR RIGHTS
Authors: Zhaslan Smagulov , Dinara Amurtaeva , Lyazzat Temirzhanova , Larissa Kussainova , Nurlan Dulatbekov 
Published: November 2024

Objective: The study aims to examine the role of prosecutorial supervision in protecting labor rights in Kazakhstan, assessing its effectiveness in ensuring compliance with labor laws and regulations, identifying challenges and obstacles, and developing recommendations for improvement.

Theoretical Framework: This study's theoretical framework combines Social Justice Theory and Regulatory Compliance Framework, integrating labor law, organizational behavior, and institutional theory to ensure labor rights protection and promote social justice through prosecutorial supervision, grounded in organizational justice theory.

Method: This study used a mixed-methods approach, combining dialectical, logical, comparative, systematic, and empirical methods, with primary data from document analysis and secondary data from literature and online databases.

Results and Discussion: This study found that prosecutorial supervision in Kazakhstan effectively protects labor rights, ensures fair working conditions, and prevents violations through monitoring compliance, collaborating with labor authorities, and conducting regular inspections, thereby promoting social stability and economic development, highlighting the need for enhanced prosecutor training, public awareness, and inter-agency cooperation to further improve effectiveness.

Research Implications: This study informs policy reforms, labor practices, and future research in Kazakhstan, emphasizing the need for enhanced prosecutor training, increased public awareness, inter-agency cooperation, regular labor inspections, and legislative reforms to strengthen prosecutorial supervision and protect labor rights.

Originality/Value: This study contributes to the existing body of knowledge by providing novel insights into the role of prosecutorial supervision in protecting labor rights in Kazakhstan, highlighting gaps in current legislation and practices, and recommending reforms to enhance effectiveness, thereby informing policy and practice improvements for safeguarding workers' rights.
A Successful Model of Community Enterprise Entrepreneurship: Strengthening the Wang Doem Community in the New Normal of the Covid-19 Pandemic for Sustainable Development Goals
Authors: Ruanggoon Jirapong , Wisedsind Noppawan , Opasvitayarux Pakorn 
Published: November 2024

Objective: The objective of this study was 1) to examine the entrepreneurial competencies of community enterprises in the New Normal of the COVID-19 pandemic and 2) to investigate the relationship model between Entrepreneurial Competencies and the Success of Community Enterprises.

Theoretical Framework: The framework emphasized three factors, including Entrepreneurial Competencies, Internal Integration, and External Integration that influence the Success of Community Enterprises, measured through financial performance, customer satisfaction, internal processes, and learning and growth.

Method: A mixed-methods approach was employed. Quantitative data were collected from 235 community enterprises through questionnaires targeting presidents of the enterprises. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) were employed for analysis. Qualitative data from interviews with 27 entrepreneurs in nine Wang Derm communities were analyzed using content analysis.

Results and Discussion: The research identified six key entrepreneurial competencies: opportunity, relationship, conceptual, management, strategic, and commitment competencies. Entrepreneurial competencies and Internal Integration significantly enhance Success of Community Enterprises, while Internal Integration as a mediator strengthens the total influence effects of Entrepreneurial Competencies on the Success of Community Enterprises.

Research Implications: This study underscored the importance of Entrepreneurial Competencies on the Success of Community Enterprise in the New Normal of COVID-19. It suggested focusing on opportunity and relationship competencies in training programs and enhancing integration strategies. The model provides sustainable guidance for policymakers on decent work and economic growth (SDG 8).

Originality/Value: This study addressed a gap in entrepreneurship research by identifying six entrepreneurial competencies that enhanced the success of Community Enterprises in the post-COVID-19 era, providing practical insights for strengthening customer, supplier, and community relations.
EFEKTIVITAS MODEL PEMBELAJARAN TEACHING FACTORY ( TEFA ) DALAM MENINGKATKAN KUALITAS LULUSAN PADA SMK NEGERI PERTANIAN PEMBANGUNAN CIANJUR
Authors: Muharam Chepi Septiana , Kusnendi Nanang , Fauzi Moch. Irfan , Yoseptry Ricky , Wasliman Eva Dianawati 
Published: November 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Efektivitas Model Pembelajaran Teaching Factory (TEFA) terhadap Peningkatan Kualitas Lulusan yang diterapkan pada Siswa Kelas XI Jurusan Agribisnis Pengolahan Hasil Pertanian dan Perikanan terhadap manajemen produksi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuatitatif. Objek penelitian ini adalah usaha SMK Negeri Pertanian Pembangunan Cianjur yang berlokasi di Jalan Raya Cibeber Km.5 Pasirsembung sirnagalih cilaku, Kecamatan Cianjur, Kabupaten Cianjur. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu Kuesioner dari beberapa metode pengumpulan data. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa peran sistem Efektivitas Model Pembelajaran Teaching Factory (TEFA) memang cukup mempengaruhi pada Peningkatan Kualitas Lulusan pada model Pembelajaran ini walaupun dengan sistem Metode pembelajaran tefa yang sederhana dan terbilang masih kurang.