bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Somatic Embryogenesis for Conifer Seedling Production
Authors: Denchev Plamen , Grossnickle Steven C. 
Published: June 2019

Conifer somatic embryogenesis has long been recognized as an advanced vegetative propagation technology. Somatic embryogenesis provides a platform for capturing and long-term preservation of elite genotypes and developing commercial scale-up systems for mass production of plants. Although, significant success has been reported in improving conifer somatic embryogenic protocols, little has been presented to describe the complexity of integrating in vitro (laboratory) and ex-vitro (greenhouse) programs for developing a commercial production system capable of delivering tens of millions of conifer somatic seedlings. This integration requires both programs to run in concert and produce propagules capable of surviving and growing under greenhouse conditions at very early stages. It also requires the integration of seedling development events to ensure the production of quality seedlings that meet needs of the forest restoration program.
This paper describes the importance of protocol optimization for scaling-up the in vitro and ex vitro programs. The ‘biology of scaling’ is discussed in view of plant cell, embryo, germinant and somatic seedling requirements throughout the program. Logistical issues related to protocol optimization and scale-up are addressed. Specific control points for monitoring and controlling the commercial process are presented. The importance of developing standard operating procedures, media batch records, and quality control systems are discussed. Ultimately, a fully integrated system capable of producing tens of millions of conifer somatic seedlings is presented.
Comparing the Efficacy of an Identical, Tailored Smoking Cessation Intervention Delivered by Mobile Text Messaging Versus Email: Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Gram Inger Torhild , Larbi Dillys , Wangberg Silje Camilla 
Published: June 2019

Background
There is a need to deliver smoking cessation support at a population level, both in developed and developing countries. Studies on internet-based and mobile phone–based smoking cessation interventions have shown that these methods can be as effective as other methods of support, and they can have a wider reach at a lower cost.

Objective
This randomized controlled trial (RCT) aimed to compare, on a population level, the efficacy of an identical, tailored smoking cessation intervention delivered by mobile text messaging versus email.

Methods
We conducted a nationwide 2-arm, double-blinded, fully automated RCT, close to a real-world setting, in Norway. We did not offer incentives to increase participation and adherence or to decrease loss to follow-up. We recruited users of the website, slutta.no, an open, free, multi-component Norwegian internet-based smoking cessation program, from May 2010 until October 2012. Enrolled smokers were considered as having completed a time point regardless of their response status if it was 1, 3, 6, or 12 months post cessation. We assessed 7315 participants using the following inclusion criteria: knowledge of the Norwegian language, age 16 years or older, ownership of a Norwegian cell phone, having an email account, current cigarette smoker, willingness to set a cessation date within 14 days (mandatory), and completion of a baseline questionnaire for tailoring algorithms. Altogether, 6137 participants were eligible for the study and 4378 participants (71.33%) provided informed consent to participate in the smoking cessation trial. We calculated the response rates for participants at the completed 1, 3, 6, and 12 months post cessation. For each arm, we conducted an intention-to-treat (ITT) analysis for each completed time point. The main outcome was 7-day self-reported point prevalence abstinence (PPA) at the completed 6 months post cessation. We calculated effect size of the 7-day self-reported PPA in the text message arm compared with the email arm as odds ratios (ORs) with 95% CIs for the 4 time points post cessation.

Results
At 6 months follow-up, 21.06% (384/1823) of participants in the text message arm and 18.62% (333/1788) in the email arm responded (P=.07) to the surveys. In the ITT analysis, 11.46% (209/1823) of participants in the text message arm compared with 10.96% (196/1788) in the email arm (OR 1.05, 95% CI 0.86-1.30) reported to have achieved 7 days PPA.

Conclusions
This nationwide, double-blinded, large, fully automated RCT found that 1 in 9 enrolled smokers reported 7-day PPA in both arms, 6 months post cessation. Our study found that identical smoking cessation interventions delivered by mobile text messaging and email may be equally successful at a population level.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01103427; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01103427
Validation and Acceptability of a Cuffless Wrist-Worn Wearable Blood Pressure Monitoring Device Among Users and Health Care Professionals: Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Islam Sheikh Mohammed Shariful , Cartledge Susie , Karmakar Chandan , Rawstorn Jonathan Charles , Fraser Steve F , Chow Clara , Maddison Ralph 
Published: June 2019

Background
Blood pressure (BP) is an important modifiable cardiovascular risk factor, yet its long-term monitoring remains problematic. Wearable cuffless devices enable the capture of multiple BP measures during everyday activities and could improve BP monitoring, but little is known about their validity or acceptability.

Objective
This study aimed to validate a wrist-worn cuffless wearable BP device (Model T2; TMART Technologies Limited) and assess its acceptability among users and health care professionals.

Methods
A mixed methods study was conducted to examine the validity and comparability of a wearable cuffless BP device against ambulatory and home devices. BP was measured simultaneously over 24 hours using wearable and ambulatory devices and over 7 days using wearable and home devices. Pearson correlation coefficients compared the degree of association between the measures, and limits of agreement (LOA; Bland-Altman plots) were generated to assess measurement bias. Semistructured interviews were conducted with users and 10 health care professionals to assess acceptability, facilitators, and barriers to using the wearable device. Interviews were audio recorded, transcribed, and analyzed.

Results
A total of 9090 BP measurements were collected from 20 healthy volunteers (mean 20.3 years, SD 5.4; N=10 females). Mean (SD) systolic BP (SBP)/diastolic BP (DBP) measured using the ambulatory (24 hours), home (7 days), and wearable (7 days) devices were 126 (SD 10)/75 (SD 6) mm Hg, 112 (SD 10)/71 (SD 9) mm Hg and 125 (SD 4)/77 (SD 3) mm Hg, respectively. Mean (LOA) biases and precision between the wearable and ambulatory devices over 24 hours were 0.5 (−10.1 to 11.1) mm Hg for SBP and 2.24 (−17.6 to 13.1) mm Hg for DBP. The mean biases (LOA) and precision between the wearable and home device over 7 days were −12.7 (−28.7 to 3.4) mm Hg for SBP and −5.6 (−20.5 to 9.2) mm Hg for DBP. The wearable BP device was well accepted by participants who found the device easy to wear and use. Both participants and health care providers agreed that the wearable cuffless devices were easy to use and that they could be used to improve BP monitoring.

Conclusions
Wearable BP measures compared well against a gold-standard ambulatory device, indicating potential for this user-friendly method to augment BP management, particularly by enabling long-term monitoring that could improve treatment titration and increase understanding of users’ BP response during daily activity and stressors.
Hacia la aplicación iusnaturalista del derecho positivo y la positivización de los derechos naturales. Buscando la reconciliación de las teorías
Authors: De Silva Gutiérrez Gustavo 
Published: June 2019

<p>Tradicionalmente se han observado al iusnaturalismo y al derecho positivo como corrientes de difícil convergencia, al sustentar teorías conceptuales diversas e incluso irreconciliables, pues mientras el derecho natural sostiene la exigencia de justicia como parámetro de validez y por lo tanto, las normas injustas no son parte del derecho, el derecho positivo admite que el contenido de la norma (aunque no parezca justa) no es condición sine qua non para conformar derecho. En el presente trabajo se realiza una propuesta que acerca ambas teorías, estableciendo al iusnaturalismo como fuente de derecho y parámetro de validez normativa del iuspositivismo, en la medida en que, en el segundo supuesto, los conceptos de justicia puedan emanar de la parte axiológica del sistema. </p><div> </div>
“Dignità contro dignità”? Sulla natura antidemocratica della tortura
Authors: Lalatta Costerbosa Marina 
Published: June 2019

<p>Questo documento si concentra sul recente dibattito sulla ri-legalizzazione della tortura nel contesto della cosiddetta “guerra al terrorismo”. Il saggio muove da una definizione del concetto di legge come limite della forza e della democrazia come ideale politico, non solo come metodo di governo. Sottolinea, inoltre, l’estrema violenza connessa alla tortura in quanto tale. Questi due elementi: il concetto di legge e la natura della tortura mostrano l’errore dei principali argomenti di tortura oggi. In particolare, l’A. critica la cosiddetta argomentazione “dignità contro dignità” (in tedesco, Würde gegen Würde) e la relativa premoderna interpretazione dell’idea di dignità umana.</p><div> </div>
Antiviral Marketing: The Informationalization of HIV Prevention
Authors: MacAulay Margaret 
Published: June 2019

Background Leveraging the affordances of technology to enhance human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevention efforts has become an increasing public health priority. Grounded in a case study examining the role of networked information technologies in reshaping the HIV prevention landscape for gay men in San Francisco and Vancouver, this article proposes that HIV prevention has become informationalized.Analysis The informationalization of HIV prevention is a convergent and participatory process where networked information technologies not only mediate but also produce HIV risk subjectivities, discourses, and practices in ambivalent ways.Conclusion and implications This article argues that although informationalization creates many important opportunities to revitalize HIV prevention, the binary logic of data and code can unwittingly reproduce hierarchies of guilt/innocence and perpetrator/victim that pose challenges for community-based HIV advocacy efforts.
Envisioning a Habitus of Hygiene: Hands as Disease Media in Public Health Handwashing Campaigns
Authors: Hamilton Sheryl N. 
Published: June 2019

Background Public health posters exhorting viewers to wash their hands to prevent the spread of communicable disease are common in airports, shopping malls, hospitals, and workplaces. Yet the poster remains understudied by scholars working in communication, health, and governance.Analysis Analyzing a large corpus of Canadian public health posters targeting handwashing, this article identifies three themes: the articulation of an embodied pedagogy aimed at daily practices; the recognition of our body surfaces and those of people and things around us as contaminated skins; and the production of haptic visuality.Conclusion and implications These posters promote a habitus of hygiene, inviting us to modify our haptic etiquette, to see, know, and inhabit our bodies differently, and to imagine and interact with our environment on new terms.
Validez discriminante, predictiva e incremental de la escala de comportamientos laborales proactivos de Belschak y Den Hartog/Discriminant, Predictive and Incremental Validity of Belschak & Den Hartog´s Proactive Work Behaviors Scale
Authors: Salessi Solana , Omar Alicia 
Published: June 2019

EspañolEl objetivo de este estudio fue establecer la validez discriminante, predictiva e incremental de la Escala de Comportamientos Laborales Proactivos de Belschak y Den Hartog. Se realizó un estudio empírico-instrumental con una muestra no probabilística (510 trabajadores, 53% varones). Análisis de ecuaciones estructurales exploratorios (ESEM) mostraron saturaciones cruzadas inferiores a .30 y un adecuado ajuste de un modelo hexafactorial oblicuo. Los valores de varianza media extraída, de su raíz cuadrada y de la proporción heterorrasgo monorrasgo proporcionaron evidencia de validez discriminante. Análisis de regresión con SEM confirmaron la contribución significativa de los comportamientos proactivos en la explicación de la satisfacción y de la implicación en el trabajo. Del mismo modo, la personalidad proactiva mostró ser un antecedente significativo de los comportamientos proactivos. Los resultados brindan evidencia favorable a la validez del instrumento analizado.EnglishThe aim of this study was to establish the discriminant, predictive and incremental validity of Belschak & Den Hartog´s Proactive Work Behaviors Scale. An empirical-instrumental study was carried out with a non-probabilistic sample (510 workers, 53% males). Analysis of exploratory structural equations (ESEM) showed cross-saturations lower than .30 and an adequate adjustment of an oblique hexa-factorial model. The values of average variance extracted, of its square root and of the heterotrait-monotrait ratio provided evidence of discriminant validity. SEM regression analysis confirmed the significant contribution of proactive behaviors in the explanation of job satisfaction and job involvement. Proactive personality showed itself to be a significant predictor of proactive behaviors. These results obtained provide favorable evidence for the validity of the instrument analyzed.
Herramientas tecnológicas en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje en estudiantes de educación superior
Authors: Molinero Bárcenas María del Carmen , Chávez Morales Ubaldo 
Published: June 2019

El objetivo de este trabajo fue investigar cuáles son las herramientas tecnológicas más utilizadas por estudiantes universitarios en una institución de educación superior e identificar cómo éstas influyen en su proceso educativo. La metodología fue cuantitativa. El instrumento utilizado fue una encuesta electrónica para recabar la información. Participaron 224 estudiantes de licenciatura y posgrado. Los datos aquí presentados tienen relación directa con el uso de las herramientas tanto a nivel escolar como individual.
Dentro de los resultados obtenidos, sobresale el uso de Microsoft Word como procesador de textos y Microsoft PowerPoint para efectuar presentaciones. En cuanto al uso de videoconferencias, son muy pocos los profesores y estudiantes que utilizan este medio. El software de comunicación que más sobresale es Skype. Por otra parte, el dispositivo que más utilizan los estudiantes para sus trabajos escolares es la computadora, pero en su vida cotidiana recurren sobre todo al smartphone. También se pudo detectar que los estudiantes utilizan cada vez más herramientas tecnológicas en la escuela y en su vida común y que estas no necesariamente concuerdan con las que el profesor recomienda y revisa en clase. Ellos mismos se dan a la tarea de buscar aplicaciones que les sirvan para sus actividades escolares. Esto se demostró con las plataformas educativas que utilizan, pues no solo han utilizado la institucional, sino que sobresalen otras como Canvas y Socrative.
En esta investigación se pudo observar que, a pesar de que existen diversas aplicaciones para presentaciones, los estudiantes siguen prefiriendo los programas de Microsoft Office para sus trabajos escolares. Esta información es relevante para los docentes, y puede ser útil para generar y aplicar estrategias diversas en el salón de clase, ya que para los alumnos estas herramientas son necesarias en su proceso educativo y pueden ayudar a mejorar su desempeño académico.
Dimensionless characterization of the non-linear soil consolidation problem of Davis and Raymond. Extended models and universal curves
Authors: García-Ros G. , Alhama I. , Alhama F. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The dimensionless groups that govern the Davis and Raymond non-linear consolidation model, and its extended versions resulting from eliminating several restrictive hypotheses, were deduced. By means of the governing equations nondimensionalization technique and introducing the characteristic time concept, both in terms of settlement and pressures, was obtained (for the most general model) that the average degree of settlement only depends on the dimensionless time while the average degree of pressure dissipation does it, additionally, on the loading ratio. These results allowed the construction of universal curves expressing the solutions of the unknowns of interest in a direct and simple way.
Can aphids be controlled by fungus? A mathematical model
Authors: Britton Nicholas F. , Bulai Iulia Martina , Saussure Stéphanie , Holst Niels , Venturino Ezio 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The control of insect pests in agriculture is essential for food security. Chemical controls typically damage the environment and harm beneficial insects such as pollinators, so it is advantageous to identify targetted biological controls. Since predators are often generalists, pathogens or parasitoids are more likely to serve the purpose. Here, we model a fungal pathogen of aphids as a potential means to control of these important pests in cereal crops. Typical plant herbivore pathogen models are set up on two trophic levels, with dynamic variables the plant biomass and the uninfected and infected herbivore populations. Our model is unusual in that (i) it has to be set up on three trophic levels to take account of fungal spores in the environment, but (ii) the aphid feeding mechanism leads to the plant biomass equation becoming uncoupled from the system. The dynamical variables are therefore the uninfected and infected aphid population and the environmental fungal concentration. We carry out an analysis of the dynamics of the system. Assuming that the aphid population can survive in the absence of disease, the fungus can only persist (and control is only possible) if (i) the host grows sufficiently strongly in the absence of infection, and (ii) the pathogen transmission parameters are sufficiently large. If it does persist the fungus does not drive the aphid population to extinction, but controls it below its disease-free steady state value, either at a new coexistence steady state or through oscillations. Whether this control is sufficient for agricultural purposes will depend on the detailed parameter values for the system.
New Complex and Hyperbolic Forms for Ablowitz–Kaup–Newell–Segur Wave Equation with Fourth Order
Authors: Eskitaşçıoğlu Esin İnan , Aktaş Muhammed Bahadırhan , Baskonus Haci Mehmet 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Researching different solutions of nonlinear models has been interesting in different fields of science and application. In this study, we investigated different solutions of fourth-order nonlinear Ablowitz– Kaup–Newell–Segur wave equation. We have used the sine-Gordon expansion method (SGEM) during this research. We have given the 2D, 3D, and contour graphs acquired from the values of the solutions obtained using strong SGEM.
”Due honor to their relics”: Thomas Aquinas as Teacher and Object of Veneration
Authors: Klooster Anton ten 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
After his death an intense struggle ensued for ownership of the relics of Thomas Aquinas. There were both pious and political motives for the desire to possess the bones of the saint. This article introduces the topic by describing the places where Aquinas’ relics can now be found. We then outline Aquinas’ own views on the veneration of relics, which is characterized by an appreciation of the practice but with great caution to avoid superstition. An historical overview of the fate of Aquinas’ relics sheds light on their significance, particularly in light of the canonization process. The final reflection considers the fate of Aquinas’ relics in light of his own theology.
Self-crosslinking acrylic latexes containing nanoparticles ZnO with increased corrosion and chemical resistance of coating
Authors: Danková M. , Kalendová A. , Machotová J. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The requirements put on coating materials are more and more stringent mainly in the environmental domain, especially as regards VOC emissions. This is why water-based binders as alternatives to solvent-based binders, to provide paints possessing equally good use properties, are intensively sought. The objective of this work was to assess the anticorrosion and chemical properties of paint films based on new self-cross-linking acrylic latexes. The latexes were synthesized via two--step emulsion polymerisation to obtain a core-shell system. Nanostructural ZnO in an amount of 1.5 wt. % was added to the system during the latex binder synthesis. Paints with an enhanced corrosion resistance and chemical resistance of the films were prepared. The binders prepared were pigmented with anticorrosion pigments and their properties were compared to those of commercial water-based dispersions with either identical or different paint film formation mechanisms. The results gave evidence that if a well-selected pigment is used, the binders can be used to obtain anticorrosion coating materials for metallic substrates.
Evaluation of the repellent effect of Dioscorea sansibarensis Pax (Dioscoreaceae) leaf essential oil against Bruchus chinensis Linnaeus, 1758 (Coleoptera: Bruchidae)
Authors: Mauti Godfrey Omare , Kasigwa Peter F. , Munissi Joan J.E. , Onguso Justus M. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Laboratory experiments were conducted to determine the repellent activities of the ornamental plant Dioscorea sansibarensis leaf essential oil against the Bruchus chinensis bean weevil in the protection of stored legumes. The leaves exhibited potential repellency in a Y-tube olfactometer. The tabulated data show that 10µL of leaf oil exhibited a repellency of 41.33%, with a grouped median of 53.33%, which was better than 10 µL of Actellic 50 EC, which had a repellency of 36.00% and a grouped median of 40%. Statistically, there was no significant difference in the percentage repellency obtained from the leaf oil and Actellic 50 EC at different concentrations (10, 20, 30 and 40 µL/mL, X2(7, N=200) = 114.93, P< 0.05). The GC-MS analysis identified 16 compounds in the leaf oil. The main compounds and their percentage composition were phytol (19.46%), 1-epi-α-gurjunene (11.71%), palmitic acid (10.48%), ethyl palmitate (8.87%), methyl palmitate (7.72%), isophytol (5.99%), 2-heptadecanone (4.59%) and α-selinene (4.5%). The repellency caused by the by leaf oil may have been due to the presence of α-selinene, also known as naphthalene, 1,2,3,5,6,7,8,8a-octahydro-1,8a-dimethyl-7-(1-methylethenyl)-, [1S- (1.α.,7.α.,8a.α.)]-. Dioscorea sansibarensis may be a good choice for repellent formulations.