bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Polarization Insensitive, Wide-Angle, Ultra-wideband, Flexible, Resistively Loaded, Electromagnetic Metamaterial Absorber using Conventional Inkjet-Printing Technology
Authors: Assimonis Stylianos D. , Fusco Vincent 
Published: August 2019

AbstractA novel, polarization insensitive, wide-angle and broadband electromagnetic metamaterial absorber, which can cover either a flat or a bent geometry, is presented in this work. The periodic geometry has a unit-cell, which consists of four split ring resonators, which are sequentially rotated around the unit-cell axis progressively by 90 deg. First, the metallic parts of the geometry consists of low resistivity copper traces. Next, in order to increase the frequency bandwidth, resistively loaded traces, printed by conventional inkjet printer are used to replace the copper ones. For normal incidence, simulated and measurement results shown that the proposed flat absorber exhibits absorption efficiency higher than 0.8 for 6.9–29.9 GHz (i.e., bandwidth of 125%) regardless of polarization, while the curved absorber for 6.6–29 GHz (i.e., bandwidth of 126%) or for 10.5–29.6 GHz (i.e., bandwidth of 95%), depending the polarization. For oblique incidence and for TE or TM polarized incident wave it presents bandwidth of 118% (7.7–29.9 GHz) or 100.5% (9.9–29.9 GHz), respectively, for an incident angular range of 0–45 deg. Finally, the proposed absorber has thickness of 3.89 mm, corresponding to λ/11.7 at its lowest operation frequency.
Immobilization of planktonic algal spores by inkjet printing
Authors: Lee Hwa-Rim , Jung Sang Mok , Yoon Sejeong , Yoon Woong Hee , Park Tae Hee , Kim Seongju , Shin Hyun Woung , Hwang Dong Soo , Jung Sungjune 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe algal cell immobilization is a commonly used technique for treatment of waste water, production of useful metabolites and management of stock culture. However, control over the size of immobilized droplets, the population of microbes, and production rate in current techniques need to be improved. Here, we use drop-on-demand inkjet printing to immobilize spores of the alga Ecklonia cava within alginate microparticles for the first time. Microparticles with immobilized spores were generated by printing alginate-spore suspensions into a calcium chloride solution. We demonstrate that the inkjet technique can control the number of spores in an ejected droplet in the range of 0.23 to 1.87 by varying spore densities in bioink. After the printing-based spore encapsulation, we observe initial sprouting and continuous growth of thallus until 45 days of culture. Our study suggest that inkjet printing has a great potential to immobilize algae, and that the ability to control the number of encapsulated spores and their microenvironments can facilitate research into microscopic interactions of encapsulated spores.
A Novel Preparation of Nano-Copper Chalcogenide (Cu2S)-based Flexible Counter Electrode
Authors: Wu Enli , Jin Jingsha , Liu Shaowen , Li Dan , Gao Shufang , Deng Fei , Yan Xuemin , Xiong Yan , Tang Haolin 
Published: August 2019

AbstractCopper nanowires (CuNWs) are used to prepare flexible, transparent conducting substrates due to their low cost and ease of fabrication on a large area. A CuNW/polymer composite substrate was prepared and vulcanized to create a novel flexible nano-Cu2S/polymer composite substrate. The physical and photovoltaic properties of the substrate can be controlled by tuning the concentration of CuNW dispersion during the preparation of CuNWs and nano Cu2S films. The nano-Cu2S-based composite substrate was used as an effective flexible counter electrode of a quantum-dot-sensitized solar cell (QDSSC) and resulted in a maximum cell efficiency of 1.01%.
Energetic electron assisted synthesis of highly tunable temperature-responsive collagen/elastin gels for cyclic actuation: macroscopic switching and molecular origins
Authors: Wilharm Nils , Fischer Tony , Ott Florian , Konieczny Robert , Zink Mareike , Beck-Sickinger Annette G. , Mayr Stefan G. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThermoresponsive bio-only gels that yield sufficiently large strokes reversibly and without large hysteresis at a well-defined temperature in the physiological range, promise to be of value in biomedical application. Within the present work we demonstrate that electron beam modification of a blend of natural collagen and elastin gels is a route to achieve this goal, viz. to synthesize a bioresorbable gel with largely reversible volume contractions as large as 90% upon traversing a transition temperature that can be preadjusted between 36 °C and 43 °C by the applied electron dose. Employing circular dichroism and temperature depending confocal laser scanning microscopy measurements, we furthermore unravel the mechanisms underlying this macroscopic behavior on a molecular and network level, respectively and suggest a stringent picture to account for the experimental observations.
Local pulses of electrical potential can induce long-range transient excitations in self-aligned molecular films
Authors: Dadalyan T. , Galstian T. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractNatural liquids can contain self-aligned molecules (such as liquid crystals and biological membranes) which give them unique properties of anisotropic diffusion, coupling between the molecular orientation and flow, etc. Here, we describe the observation of new phenomena in those materials: long-distance transport and molecular orientation waves that are induced by pulses of spatially localized electrical potential. As a result, the morphological properties of the material are significantly altered well beyond the reach of the electrical field. The local dielectric torque-induced reduction of the effective molecular volume and corresponding pressure gradients are in the origin of these phenomena. Our observations are made for electric fields that are an order of magnitude smaller than those present in biological membranes. Thus, this discovery may have important impact on the understanding of the operation of these membranes and on the dynamics of action potential propagation in neural cells. The corresponding possible influence of observed excitation mechanisms on the ionic gates and the role of myelin sheath are discussed.
Small Animal Video Tracking for Activity and Path Analysis Using a Novel Open-Source Multi-Platform Application (AnimApp)
Authors: Rao Srinivasa R. , Olechnowicz Sam W. Z. , Krätschmer Patrick , Jepson James E. C. , Edwards Claire M. , Edwards James R. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractExperimental biological model system outcomes such as altered animal movement capability or behaviour are difficult to quantify manually. Existing automatic movement tracking devices can be expensive and imposing upon the typical environment of the animal model. We have developed a novel multiplatform, free-to-use open-source application based on OpenCV, called AnimApp. Our results show that AnimApp can reliably and reproducibly track movement of small animals such as rodents or insects, and quantify parameters of action including distance and speed in order to detect activity changes arising from handling, environment enrichment, or temperature alteration. This system offers an accurate and reproducible experimental approach with potential for simple, fast and flexible analysis of movement and behaviour in a wide range of model systems.
Fast LC-ESI-MS/MS analysis and influence of sampling conditions for gut metabolites in plasma and serum
Authors: van der Laan Tom , Kloots Tim , Beekman Marian , Kindt Alida , Dubbelman Anne-Charlotte , Harms Amy , van Duijn Cornelia M. , Slagboom P. Eline , Hankemeier Thomas 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIn the past few years, the gut microbiome has been shown to play an important role in various disorders including in particular cardiovascular diseases. Especially the metabolite trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO), which is produced by gut microbial metabolism, has repeatedly been associated with an increased risk for cardiovascular events. Here we report a fast liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method that can analyze the five most important gut metabolites with regards to TMAO in three minutes. Fast liquid chromatography is unconventionally used in this method as an on-line cleanup step to remove the most important ion suppressors leaving the gut metabolites in a cleaned flow through fraction, also known as negative chromatography. We compared different blood matrix types to recommend best sampling practices and found citrated plasma samples demonstrated lower concentrations for all analytes and choline concentrations were significantly higher in serum samples. We demonstrated the applicability of our method by investigating the effect of a standardized liquid meal (SLM) after overnight fasting of 25 healthy individuals on the gut metabolite levels. The SLM did not significantly change the levels of gut metabolites in serum.
Estimating the cold-induced brown adipose tissue glucose uptake rate measured by 18F-FDG PET using infrared thermography and water-fat separated MRI
Authors: Andersson Jonathan , Lundström Elin , Engström Mathias , Lubberink Mark , Ahlström Håkan , Kullberg Joel 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBrown adipose tissue (BAT) expends chemical energy to produce heat, which makes it a potential therapeutic target for combating metabolic dysfunction and overweight/obesity by increasing its metabolic activity. The most well-established method for measuring BAT metabolic activity is glucose uptake rate (GUR) measured using 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET). However, this is expensive and exposes the subjects to potentially harmful radiation. Cheaper and safer methods are warranted for large-scale or longitudinal studies. Potential alternatives include infrared thermography (IRT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The aim of this study was to evaluate and further develop these techniques. Twelve healthy adult subjects were studied. The BAT GUR was measured using 18F-FDG PET during individualized cooling. The temperatures of the supraclavicular fossae and a control region were measured using IRT during a simple cooling protocol. The fat fraction and effective transverse relaxation rate of BAT were measured using MRI without any cooling intervention. Simple and multiple linear regressions were employed to evaluate how well the MRI and IRT measurements could estimate the GUR. Results showed that both IRT and MRI measurements correlated with the GUR. This suggest that these measurements may be suitable for estimating the cold-induced BAT GUR in future studies.
Einschleusen des Patienten
Authors: Zander Sabine 
Published: August 2019

ZusammenfassungIn den nächsten Ausgaben stellen wir Ihnen Standards im OP vor. Die Serie ist
ideal geeignet, um neue Mitarbeiter zu informieren oder um eine Basis für die
Entwicklung eigener Standards zu haben. Aber auch erfahrene OP-Pflegende können
routinemäßig durchgeführte Handlungen neu reflektieren und Anregungen in der
Praxis umsetzen. Im 1. Teil geht es um das Einschleusen des Patienten.
Case Management in der Chirurgie
Authors: Ronellenfitsch Ulrich , Schwarzbach Matthias 
Published: August 2019

ZusammenfassungDie für eine aus Sicht von Patienten, Arzt und Krankenhausträger erfolgreiche
stationäre Behandlung erforderlichen Schritte sind vielschichtig und müssen
sinnvoll miteinander verzahnt werden. Dies trifft in besonderem Maße für
operativ tätige Fächer zu. Zur Koordination dieser Schritte, die mit der Planung
der stationären Aufnahme beginnen und der Weiterversorgung nach Entlassung
enden, bietet sich das Konzept des Case Managements an.
Ultrasound Evaluation of the Cervix to Predict Failed Labor Induction
Authors: Sevrin Christian Eric , Martorelli Letícia Matheuz , Famá Eduardo Augusto Brosco , Fernandes César Eduardo , Sancovski Mauro , Oliveira Emerson 
Published: August 2019

Objective Labor induction does not always result in vaginal delivery, and can expose both the mother and the fetus to the risks inherent to the induction procedure or a possible cesarean section. Transvaginal sonography (TVS) of the cervix is a useful tool to predict prematurity; in the present study, this tool was used to evaluate postterm induction.Methods We evaluated the ultrasound characteristics of the cervix (cervical length, cervical funneling, internal os dilation, the presence or absence of the cervical gland area [CGA], and the morphological changes of the cervix as a result of applying fundal pressure) before the onset of labor induction among women with postterm pregnancy to identify the possible predictors of failed labor induction. The Bishop score (BS) was used for comparison purposes. Three groups were evaluated: successful versus unsuccessful induction; vaginal delivery versus cesarean delivery (excluding cases of acute fetal distress [AFD]); and vaginal delivery versus cesarean delivery (including cases of AFD). A fourth group including only the primiparous women from the three previous groups was also evaluated.Results Based on the studied characteristics and combinations of variables, a cervical length ≥ 3.0 cm and a BS ≤ 2 were the best predictors of induction failure.Conclusion Although TVS is useful for screening for induction failure, this tool should not be used as an indication for cesarean section.
Lactobacillus helveticus SBT2171 alleviates allergic symptoms in a murine model for pollen allergy
Authors: Makino Tomoyuki , Yamashita Maya , Takeuchi Natsumi , Kabuki Toshihide , Hattori Makoto , Yoshida Tadashi 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACT
Lactic acid bacteria are known to have various health-promoting effects and are highly expected to find applications in anti-allergic food materials. In this study, we focused on Lactobacillus helveticus SBT2171 (LH2171), which reportedly modifies some unique immune responses and ameliorated symptoms of patients allergic to mites and house dust in the previous studies. We examined the effect of LH2171 on cytokine production by antigen-stimulated murine naïve splenocytes in vitro and demonstrated that it inhibited IL-4 and IL-13 production while enhancing IFN-γ and IL-10 production. Then, we examined the anti-allergic effect of LH2171 in vivo using a murine model of pollen allergy and found that LH2171 reduced the sneezing frequency when orally administered to mice. We successfully confirmed the immune modulatory activity of LH2171 and its anti-allergic activity against inhaled antigens. These evidences would contribute to identifying the anti-allergic mechanism of LH2171.
Abbreviations: ALDH: aldehyde dehydrogenase; EGCG: epigallocatechin gallate; LAB: lactic acid bacteria; LH2171: Lactobacillus helveticus SBT2171; NALT: nasal-associated lymphoid tissue; OVA: ovalbumin
Isolation and characterization of the insecticidal, two-domain toxin LaIT3 from the Liocheles australasiae scorpion venom
Authors: Juichi Hironori , Miyashita Masahiro , Nakagawa Yoshiaki , Miyagawa Hisashi 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACT
A novel insecticidal peptide (LaIT3) was isolated from the Liocheles australasiae venom. The primary structure of LaIT3 was determined by a combination of Edman degradation and MS/MS de novo sequencing analysis. Discrimination between Leu and Ile in MS/MS analysis was achieved based on the difference in side chain fragmentation assisted by chemical derivatization. LaIT3 was determined to be an 84-residue peptide with three intrachain disulfide bonds. The sequence similarity search revealed that LaIT3 belongs to the scorpine-like peptides consisting of two structural domains: an N-terminal α-helical domain and a C-terminal cystine-stabilized domain. As observed for most of the scorpine-like peptides, LaIT3 showed significant antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, which is likely to be caused by its membrane-disrupting property.
Pediatric Burn Treatment Using Tilapia Skin as a Xenograft for Superficial Partial-Thickness Wounds: A Pilot Study
Authors: Lima Júnior Edmar Maciel , Moraes Filho Manoel Odorico de , Forte Antonio Jorge , Costa Bruno Almeida , Fechine Francisco Vagnaldo , Alves Ana Paula Negreiros Nunes , Moraes Maria Elisabete Amaral de , Rocha Marina Becker Sales , Silva Júnior Francisco Raimundo , Soares Maria Flaviane Araújo do Nascimento , Bezerra Alane Nogueira , Martins Camila Barroso , Mathor Mônica Beatriz 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of Nile tilapia skin as a xenograft for the treatment of partial-thickness burn wounds in children. This is an open-label, monocentric, randomized phase II pilot study conducted in Fortaleza, Brazil. The study population consisted of 30 children between the ages of 2 and 12 years with superficial “partial-thickness” burns admitted less than 72 hours from the thermal injury. In the test group, the tilapia skin was applied. In the control group, a thin layer of silver sulfadiazine cream 1% was applied. Tilapia skin showed good adherence to the wound bed, reducing the number of dressing changes required, the amount of anesthetics used, and providing benefits for the patients and also for healthcare professionals, by reducing the overall work load. The number of days to complete burn wound healing, the total amount of analgesics required throughout the treatment, burn improvement on the day of dressing removal, and pain throughout the treatment were similar to the conventional treatment with silver sulfadiazine. Thus, tilapia skin can be considered an effective and low-cost extra resource in the therapeutic arsenal of pediatric superficial partial thickness burns.
Future Directions of Flow Diverter Therapy
Authors: Chiu Albert Ho Yuen , Phillips Timothy John 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The treatment of intracranial aneurysms has undergone a few very significant paradigm shifts in its history. Needless to say, microsurgery and surgical clipping served as the initial basis for successful treatment of these lesions. The pursuit of endovascular therapy subsequently arose from the desire to reduce the invasiveness of therapy. While the first breakthrough arose with Guido Guglielmi's invention of the detachable platinum coil, commercialized flow diverter therapy represents a disruptive therapy with a completely different paradigm for aneurysmal obliteration. This has not only altered the distribution of aneurysmal management strategies, but also opened the gateway to the treatment of previously inoperable lesions. With the basic flow diverter stent technology now considered an integral part of the neurointerventional armamentarium, we now consider what may lay in the future – including potential directions for research with regards to case selection; the location and type of aneurysms which may become routinely treatable; and modifications to the flow diverter, which may increase its utility and safety in terms of size, structural design, and surface modifications.
Dopaminergic neurons mediate maleDrosophilacourtship motivational state
Authors: Wang Guangxia 
Published: August 2019

AbstractMotivational states are important determinants of behavior. InDrosophila melanogaster, courtship behavior is robust and crucial for species continuation. However, the motivation of courtship behavior remains unexplored. We first find the phenomenon that courtship behavior is modulated by motivational state. A male fly courts another male fly when it first courts a decapitated female fly however, male– male courtship behavior rarely occurs under normal conditions. Male flies that have satisfied the need for sexual behavior show a decreased male–female sex drive. Therefore, in this phenomenon, the male fly’s courtship motivational state is induced by its exposure to female flies. Blocking dopaminergic neurons by expressing TNTe decreases motivational state-induced male–male courtship behavior without affecting male–female courtship behavior. Vision cues are another key component in sexually driven male–female courtship behavior. Here, we identify a base theory that the inner motivational state could eventually decide fly behavior.
Therapeutic approaches for latent autoimmune diabetes in adults: One size does not fit all
Authors: Koufakis Theocharis , Katsiki Niki , Zebekakis Pantelis , Dimitriadis George , Kotsa Kalliopi 
Published: August 2019

AbstractRecent advances in the understanding of latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) pathophysiology make it increasingly evident that people with LADA comprise a heterogenous group of patients. This makes the establishment of a standard treatment algorithm challenging. On top of its glucose‐lowering action, insulin may exert anti‐inflammatory effects, rendering it an attractive therapeutic choice for a type of diabetes in which autoinflammation and beta cell insufficiency play major pathogenetic roles. However, there is growing evidence that other antidiabetic drugs, such as metformin, dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitors, glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonists, and thiazolidinediones, might have a role in optimizing glycemic control and preserving beta cell function in individuals with LADA, either alone or in combination with insulin. Although most of these drugs have been routinely used in the daily clinical setting for years, large prospective randomized trials are needed to assess whether they are capable of delaying progression to insulin dependence as well as their effects on diabetic complications. The aim of the present review is to discuss the current state and future perspectives of LADA therapy, emphasizing the need for individualized and patient‐centered therapeutic approaches.
Lofexidine in Combination With Oral Naltrexone for Opioid Use Disorder Relapse Prevention: A Pilot Randomized, Double‐Blind, Placebo‐Controlled Study
Authors: Hermes Gretchen , Hyman Scott M. , Fogelman Nia , Kosten Thomas R. , Sinha Rajita 
Published: August 2019

Background and ObjectivesLofexidine (LFX), an α2A adrenergic receptor agonist, known to alleviate opioid withdrawal symptoms, was assessed in combination with oral naltrexone (NTX) for effects on opioid use outcomes and NTX treatment compliance.MethodsDetoxified individuals (ages 18‐55, 80% male) with opioid use disorder Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edition were randomized to 2.4 mg/day of LFX (n = 26) or Placebo (PBO, n = 31) in a double‐blind manner for 12 weeks of treatment. NTX compliance, opioid‐free urine samples, opioid craving as well as vital signs, subjective opioid withdrawal symptoms were assessed.ResultsIntent to treat analysis revealed significantly better control over opioid craving in the LFX/NTX vs PBO/NTX group (P < .03), but no differences between groups in NTX compliance, opioid use, and overall opioid craving. However, subject withdrawal due to medication intolerance was significantly higher in the LFX/NTX (5/26) vs PBO/NTX (0/31) (P < .01). Two additional patients were withdrawn due to acute hepatitis infection. Post hoc secondary analyses with the nonwithdrawn sample indicated significantly higher rates of treatment completion (P < .05) and NTX compliance (P < .01), lower percent opioid urine samples (P < .05), and lower overall opioid craving (P < .05) in the LFX/NTX vs the PBO/NTX group.Conclusion and scientific significanceAlthough preliminary, these findings suggest that LFX at doses up to 2.4 mg/daily was safe and improved control over opioid cravings. Among those who tolerated the medication, LFX/NTX significantly improved the opioid craving, delayed return to opioid use, and improved treatment compliance and completion rates. These findings support further assessment of LFX dose titration schedule along with the adjunctive use of LFX with NTX treatment to enhance opioid relapse prevention. (Am J Addict 2019;00:1–9).