bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
All‐Transparent Oxide Photovoltaics: AZO Embedded ZnO/NiO/AgNW Band Selective High‐Speed Electric Power Window
Authors: Ban Dong‐Kyun , Patel Malkeshkumar , Nguyen Thanh Tai , Kim Joondong 
Published: August 2019

AbstractElectric power windows using an all‐transparent oxide photoelectric device have the potential to shield and exploit ultraviolet radiation. Herein, an Al:ZnO embedded large area all‐transparent ZnO/NiO electric power window is presented. A large‐scale (1‐in. square) device fabricated with the structure of FTO/AZO/ZnO/NiO/AgNW exhibits a visible light transmittance >70% and photovoltaic performance with an enhanced power conversion efficiency of 3.13% under UV illumination (λ = 365 nm). The spectral attributes of this heterostructure are analyzed using I–V plots, photoresponse, and photo‐carrier lifetime (τ), which reveal the co‐occurrence of photovoltaic and pyro‐phototronic effects, and τ value tuning from 9 to 38.5 ms by tuning λs. The device exhibits higher efficiency at a λ of 410 nm due to exciton attributed optoelectronics at room temperature. Further, the device demonstrates a 380% enhanced photocurrent value, with speed of <40 µs. The functional use of AZO‐based back surface field would improve transparent photovoltaics which can be applied to the on‐site power generation of building windows, and protect human beings from harmful UV exposure. It is suggested that the formation of a back‐surface field is required to enhance the underlying performance of all‐transparent oxide photo‐electronics, including solar cells, photodetectors, sensors, and memory devices.
Cold Antisolvent Bathing Derived Highly Efficient Large‐Area Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Jang Gyumin , Kwon Hyeok‐Chan , Ma Sunihl , Yun Seong‐Cheol , Yang Hyunha , Moon Jooho 
Published: August 2019

AbstractScaling large‐area solar cells is in high demand for the commercialization of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) with a high power‐conversion efficiency (PCE). However, few roll‐to‐roll‐compatible deposition methods for the formation of highly oriented uniform perovskite films are reported. Herein, a facile cold antisolvent bathing approach compatible with large‐area fabrication is introduced. The wet precursor films are submerged in a cold antisolvent bath at 0 °C, and the retarded nucleation and growth kinetics allow highly oriented perovskite to be grown along the [110] and [220] directions, perpendicular to the substrate. The high degree of the preferred crystal orientation benefits the effective charge extraction and reduces the amount of inter‐ and intra‐grain defects inside the perovskite films, improving the PCE from 16.48% (ambient‐bathed solar cell) to 18.50% (cold‐bathed counterpart). The cold antisolvent bathing method is employed for the fabrication of large‐area (8 × 10 cm2) PSCs with uniform photovoltaic device parameters, thereby verifying the scale‐up capability of the method.
Reduced Nonradiative Energy Loss Caused by Aggregation of Nonfullerene Acceptor in Organic Solar Cells
Authors: Qin Yunpeng , Zhang Shaoqing , Xu Ye , Ye Long , Wu Yi , Kong Jingyi , Xu Bowei , Yao Huifeng , Ade Harald , Hou Jianhui 
Published: August 2019

AbstractReducing energy loss (Eloss) is of critical importance to improving the photovoltaic performance of organic solar cells (OSCs). Although nonradiative recombination () is investigated in quite a few works, the method for modulating is seldom reported. Here, a new method of depressing Eloss is reported for nonfullerene OSCs. In addition to ternary‐blend bulk heterojunction (BHJ) solar cells, it is proved that a small molecular material (NRM‐1) can be selectively dispersed into the acceptor phase in the PBDB‐T:IT‐4F‐based OSC, resulting in lower and , and hence a significant improvement in the open‐circuit voltage (VOC); under an optimal feed ratio of NRM‐1, an enhanced power conversion efficiency can also be gained. Moreover, the role of NRM‐1 in the method is illustrated and its applicability for several other representative OSCs is validated. This work paves a new pathway to reduce the Eloss for nonfullerene OSCs.
Isolation and characterization of Bordetella pseudohinzii in mice in China
Authors: Ma Lei , Huang Shuwu , Luo Yinzhu , Min Fangui , He Lifang , Chen Meiling , Pan Jinchun , Zhang Yu , Wang Jing 
Published: August 2019

AbstractWe report on the first detection and isolation of B. pseudohinzii (Bordetella pseudohinzii) in laboratory mice in China. Forty‐one B. pseudohinzii strains were isolated from 3094 mice in 33 different laboratory animal facilities in southern China. The isolates were identified through culture and genome sequenceing. Phylogenetic analysis based on the sequences of 16S rRNA and OmpA genes demonstrated that these strains were on the same clade as other B. pseudohinzii strains isolated from mice. Experimental infected mice presented an asymptomatic infection. B. pseudohinzii replicated in both the respiratory tract and the digestive tract. Most importantly B. pseudohinzii shed via feces and infected a group of sentinel mice in a separate cage via cage padding contaminated with B. pseudohinzii‐positive feces, indicating that B. pseudohinzii could transmit efficiently among mice and contaminate environmental facilities. Our study highlights the importance of routine monitoring of the pathogen in laboratory mice and provides vital insights into the transmission of Brodetellae in rodents and human.
Chemical Interactions of Cryptic Actinomycete Metabolite 5‐Alkyl‐1,2,3,4‐tetrahydroquinolines through Aggregate Formation
Authors: Sugiyama Ryosuke , Nakatani Takahiro , Nishimura Shinichi , Takenaka Kei , Ozaki Taro , Asamizu Shumpei , Onaka Hiroyasu , Kakeya Hideaki 
Published: August 2019

AbstractOrganisms often produce secondary metabolites as a mixture of biosynthetically related congeners. However, why are metabolites with minor chemical variations produced simultaneously? 5‐Alkyl‐1,2,3,4‐tetrahydroquinolines (5aTHQs) are small, lipophilic metabolites produced by Streptomyces nigrescens HEK616 when cultured with Tsukamurella pulmonis TP‐B0596. A mixture of 5aTHQs forms aggregates that show enhanced membrane affinity and biological activity. The ability to form aggregates and membrane‐binding activity is regulated by the length of the alkyl chains. Aggregates with long alkyl chains were too stable to fuse with lipid membranes. However, if inactive 5aTHQ congener was mixed with active congener, the mixture showed increased membrane affinity, enabling cellular entry and biological activity. Therefore, it is shown that sloppiness in a biosynthetic pathway, by which minor structural variations can be produced, is functionally rational, as the metabolites show synergistic action.
Phosphite‐Catalyzed C−H Allylation of Azaarenes via an Enantioselective [2,3]‐Aza‐Wittig Rearrangement
Authors: Motaleb Abdul , Rani Soniya , Das Tamal , Gonnade Rajesh G. , Maity Pradip 
Published: August 2019

AbstractA phosphite‐mediated [2,3]‐aza‐Wittig rearrangement has been developed for the regio‐ and enantioselective allylic alkylation of six‐membered heteroaromatic compounds (azaarenes). The nucleophilic phosphite adducts of N‐allyl salts undergo a stereoselective base‐mediated aza‐Wittig rearrangement and dissociation of the chiral phosphite for overall C−H functionalization of azaarenes. This method provides efficient access to tertiary and quaternary chiral centers in isoquinoline, quinoline, and pyridine systems, tolerating a broad variety of substituents on both the allyl part and azaarenes. Catalysis with chiral phosphites is also demonstrated with synthetically useful yields and enantioselectivities.
Intermolekulare, durch Cp*RhIII‐katalysierte C−H‐Aktivierung ermöglichte 1,4‐Carboaminierung von konjugierten Dienen
Authors: Pinkert Tobias , Wegner Tristan , Mondal Shobhan , Glorius Frank 
Published: August 2019

AbstractEs wird ein Protokoll für die Dreikomponenten‐1,4‐Carboaminierung von Dienen beschrieben. Synthetisch vielseitige Weinreb‐Amide wurden mit 1,3‐Dienen und gut verfügbaren Dioxazolonen als Stickstoffquelle gekuppelt, wobei [Cp*RhCl2]2‐katalysierte C−H‐Aktivierung die 1,4‐carboaminierten Produkte liefert. Die Transformation verläuft unter milden Reaktionsbedingungen und zeigt eine hohe Regio‐ undE‐Selektivität. Mechanistische Untersuchungen deuten darauf hin, dass eine intermediäre RhIII‐Allylspezies redoxneutral mit einem elektrophilen Amidierungsreagenz reagiert.
Programmed Release of Dihydroartemisinin for Synergistic Cancer Therapy Using a CaCO3 Mineralized Metal–Organic Framework
Authors: Wan Xiuyan , Zhong Hui , Pan Wei , Li Yanhua , Chen Yuanyuan , Li Na , Tang Bo 
Published: August 2019

AbstractDihydroartemisinin (DHA) has attracted increasing attention as an anticancer agent. However, using DHA to treat cancer usually depends on the synergistic effects of exogenous components, and the loss of DHA during delivery reduces its effectiveness in cancer therapy. Reported herein is a programmed release nanoplatform of DHA to synergistically treat cancer with a Fe‐TCPP [(4,4,4,4‐(porphine‐5,10,15,20‐tetrayl) tetrakis(benzoic acid)] NMOF (nanoscale MOF) having a CaCO3 mineralized coating, which prevents DHA leakage during transport in the bloodstream. When the nanoplatform arrives at the tumor site, the weakly acidic microenvironment and high concentration of glutathione (GSH) trigger DHA release and TCPP activation, enabling the synergistic Fe2+‐DHA‐mediated chemodynamic therapy, Ca2+‐DHA‐mediated oncosis therapy, and TCPP‐mediated photodynamic therapy. In vivo experiments demonstrated that the nanoplatform showed enhanced anticancer efficiency and negligible toxicity.
Antiadhesive Nanosomes Facilitate Targeting of the Lysosomal GlcNAc Salvage Pathway through Derailed Cancer Endocytosis
Authors: Koide Ryosuke , Nishimura Shin‐Ichiro 
Published: August 2019

AbstractActivated endocytosis of extracellular macromolecules and their intracellular trafficking to lysosomes is an essential metabolic mechanism in cancer cells during their rapid proliferation. Cancer cells reuse a vast amount of N‐acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) supplied from the GlcNAc salvage pathway for the accelerated synthesis of a pivotal uridine diphosphate (UDP)‐GlcNAc. A method to inactivate key glycosidases in lysosomes could critically contribute to the development of potent anticancer therapy. Here we demonstrate that “nanosomes” made of core metals covered by an antiadhesive mixed self‐assembled monolayer allow for avoiding nonspecific surface protein corona and targeted molecular delivery through activated endocytosis. Nanosomes carrying suicide substrates showed that lysosomal glycosidases such as β‐hexosaminidase and β‐galactosidase in cancer cells are promising targets for novel anticancer therapeutic nanomedicine that induce apoptotic cell death through lysosomal membrane permeabilization. The advantage of this method is evident because multivalent surface loading by antiadhesive nanosomes makes it possible to highlight “weak interactions” such as carbohydrate–lectin interactions independent of surface protein corona.
Coordination‐Directed Growth of Transition‐Metal–Crystalline‐Carbon Composites with Controllable Metal Composition
Authors: Tzadikov Jonathan , Amsellem Meital , Amlani Hila , Barrio Jesús , Azoulay Adi , Volokh Michael , Kozuch Sebastian , Shalom Menny 
Published: August 2019

AbstractTransition‐metal–carbon (CTM) composites show ample activity in many catalytic reactions. However, control of composition, distribution, and properties is challenging. Now, a straightforward path for the synthesis of transition‐metal nanoparticles engulfed in crystalline carbon is presented with excellent control over the metal composition, amount, ratio, and catalytic properties. This approach uses molten monomers that coordinate metals ions at high temperature. At high temperatures, strong coordination bonds direct the growth of carbon material with homogeneous metals distribution and with negligible losses, owing to the liquid‐like reaction compared to the traditional solid‐state reaction. The strength of the approach is demonstrated by the synthesis of mono, binary, and trinary transition‐metal–crystalline‐carbon composites with tunable and precise elemental composition as well as good electrochemical properties as oxygen evolution reaction electrocatalysts.
Chiral Phosphoric Acids in Metal–Organic Frameworks with Enhanced Acidity and Tunable Catalytic Selectivity
Authors: Chen Xu , Jiang Hong , Li Xu , Hou Bang , Gong Wei , Wu Xiaowei , Han Xing , Zheng Fanfan , Liu Yan , Jiang Jianwen , Cui Yong 
Published: August 2019

AbstractChiral phosphoric acids are incorporated into indium‐based metal–organic frameworks (In‐MOFs) by sterically preventing them from coordination. This concept leads to the synthesis of three chiral porous 3D In‐MOFs with different network topologies constructed from three enantiopure 1,1′‐biphenol‐phosphoric acid derived tetracarboxylate linkers. More importantly, all the uncoordinated phosphoric acid groups are periodically aligned within the channels and display significantly enhanced acidity compared to the non‐immobilized acids. This facilitates the Brønsted acid catalysis of asymmetric condensation/amine addition and imine reduction. The enantioselectivities can be tuned (up to >99 % ee) by varying the substituents to achieve a nearly linear correlation with the concentrations of steric bulky groups in the MOFs. DFT calculations suggest that the framework provides a chiral confined microenvironment that dictates both selectivity and reactivity of chiral MOFs.
Salen‐Based Amphiphiles: Directing Self‐Assembly in Water by Metal Complexation
Authors: Tosi Filippo , Stuart Marc C. A. , Wezenberg Sander J. , Feringa Ben L. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractTuning morphologies of self‐assembled structures in water is a major challenge. Herein we present a salen‐based amphiphile which, using complexation with distinct transition metal ions, allows to control effectively the self‐assembly morphology in water, as observed by Cryo‐TEM and confirmed by DLS measurements. Applying this strategy with various metal ions gives a broad spectrum of self‐assembled structures starting from the same amphiphilic ligand (from cubic structures to vesicles and micelles). Thermogravimetric analysis and electric conductivity measurements reveal a key role for water coordination apparently being responsible for the distinct assembly behavior.
Investigation of OSN properties of PDMS membrane for the retention of dilute solutes with potential industrial applications
Authors: Morshed Mahbub , Simonaire Hervé , Alem Halima , Roizard Denis 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACTFew commercially available membranes can be used for organic solvent nanofiltration (OSN). Applying OSN in chemical industries is nevertheless of high interest to cut with energy consumption linked to solvent recycling and soluble catalysts recovery. A commercial membrane, PERVAP4060, was used to investigate the retention of dilute solutes in toluene feeds and to mimic metathesis medium. The studied solutes were R‐BINAP a neutral polyaromatic molecule used in metathesis chemistry, tetraoctylammonium bromide (ToABr), a charged molecule used as a homogeneous catalyst and n‐hexadecane. Retention of polar ToABr (95%) was higher than that of neutral R‐BINAP (80%). The transfer mechanism, either pore flow or solution‐diffusion, was discussed. All the results obtained suggested that the transport is governed by the solution‐diffusion mechanism. The measured retentions could be explained in terms of solubility affinities and diffusion coefficients. The stability and performances of PERVAP4060 were well established, showing the strong potential for industrial applications. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020, 137, 48359.
New Nucleoside Analogues for the Treatment of Hemorrhagic Fever Virus Infections
Authors: De Clercq Erik 
Published: August 2019

AbstractEight different compounds, all nucleoside analogues, could presently be considered as potential drug candidates for the treatment of Ebola virus (EBOV) and/or other hemorrhagic fever virus (HFV) infections. They can be considered as either (i) adenine analogues (3‐deazaneplanocin A, galidesivir, GS‐6620 and remdesivir) or (ii) guanine analogues containing the carboxamide entity (ribavirin, EICAR, pyrazofurin and favipiravir). All eight owe their mechanism of action to hydrogen bonded base pairing with either (i) uracil or (ii) cytosine. Four out of the eight compounds (galidesivir, GS‐6620, remdesivir and pyrazofurin) are C‐nucleosides, and two of them (GS‐6620, remdesivir) also contain a phosphoramidate part. The C‐nucleoside and phosphoramidate (and for the adenine analogues the 1′‐cyano group as well) may be considered as essential attributes for their antiviral activity.
Identifying Protein Conformational Dynamics Using Spin‐label ESR
Authors: Lai Yei‐Chen , Kuo Yun‐Hsuan , Chiang Yun‐Wei 
Published: August 2019

AbstractSpin‐label electron spin resonance (ESR) has emerged as a powerful tool to characterize protein dynamics. One recent advance is the development of ESR for resolving dynamical components that occur or coexist during a biological process. It has been applied to study the complex structural and dynamical aspects of membranes and proteins, such as conformational changes in protein during translocation from cytosol to membrane, conformational exchange between equilibria in response to protein‐protein and protein‐ligand interactions in either soluble or membrane environments, protein oligomerization, and temperature‐ or hydration‐dependent protein dynamics. As these topics are challenging but urgent for understanding the function of a protein on the molecular level, the newly developed ESR methods to capture individual dynamical components, even in low‐populated states, have become a great complement to other existing biophysical tools.
Robust consensus of fractional‐order singular uncertain multi‐agent systems
Authors: Pan Huan , Yu Xinghuo , Yang Guohua , Xue Li 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThis paper focuses on consensus analysis of fractional‐order singular multi‐agent systems (FOSMASs) with uncertainties under fixed topology. The definition of admissible consensus or robust admissible consensus of FOSMASs is proposed and the communication network topology is assumed to be an undirected or a directed graph. Through a coordinate transformation, the admissible consensus of FOSMASs is converted into two parts, one is regularity and impulse‐free of single fractional‐order singular (FOS) linear system, another one is admissibility of multiple FOS linear systems. The consensus conditions are expressed by linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) via SVD technique. Some simulation examples are given to show how to solve LMIs to get the control gain. The simulation results display that the states of the FOSMAS can achieve consensus by using the solved control gain.
Segmented Bayesian calibration approach for estimating age in forensic science
Authors: Bucci Andrea , Skrami Edlira , Faragalli Andrea , Gesuita Rosaria , Cameriere Roberto , Carle Flavia , Ferrante Luigi 
Published: August 2019

AbstractForensic age estimation is receiving growing attention from researchers in the last few years. Accurate estimates of age are needed both for identifying real age in individuals without any identity document and assessing it for human remains. The methods applied in such context are mostly based on radiological analysis of some anatomical districts and entail the use of a regression model. However, estimating chronological age by regression models leads to overestimated ages in younger subjects and underestimated ages in older ones. We introduced a full Bayesian calibration method combined with a segmented function for age estimation that relied on a Normal distribution as a density model to mitigate this bias. In this way, we were also able to model the decreasing growth rate in juveniles. We compared our new Bayesian‐segmented model with other existing approaches. The proposed method helped producing more robust and precise forecasts of age than compared models while exhibited comparable accuracy in terms of forecasting measures. Our method seemed to overcome the estimation bias also when applied to a real data set of South‐African juvenile subjects.
In vivo surveillance and elimination of teratoma‐forming human embryonic stem cells with monoclonal antibody 2448 targeting annexin A2
Authors: Tan Heng Liang , Tan Bao Zhu , Goh Winfred Xi Tai , Cua Simeon , Choo Andre 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThis study describes the use of a previously reported chimerised monoclonal antibody (mAb), ch2448, to kill human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) in vivo and prevent or delay the formation of teratomas. ch2448 was raised against hESCs and was previously shown to effectively kill ovarian and breast cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. The antigen target was subsequently found to be Annexin A2, an oncofetal antigen expressed on both embryonic cells and cancer cells. Against cancer cells, ch2448 binds and kills via antibody‐dependent cell‐mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) and/or antibody‐drug conjugate (ADC) routes. Here, we investigate if the use of ch2448 can be extended to hESC. ch2448 was found to bind specifically to undifferentiated hESC but not differentiated progenitors. Similar to previous study using cancer cells, ch2448 kills hESC in vivo either indirectly by eliciting ADCC or directly as an ADC. The treatment with ch2448 post‐transplantation eliminated the in vivo circulating undifferentiated cells and prevented or delayed the formation of teratomas. This surveillance role of ch2448 adds an additional layer of safeguard to enhance the safety and efficacious use of pluripotent stem cell‐derived products in regenerative medicine. Thereby, translating the use of ch2448 in the treatment of cancers to a proof of concept study in hESC (or pluripotent stem cell [PSC]), we show that mAbs can also be used to eliminate teratoma forming cells in vivo during PSC‐derived cell therapies. We propose to use this strategy to complement existing methods to eliminate teratoma‐forming cells in vitro. Residual undifferentiated cells may escape in vitro removal methods and be introduced into patients together with the differentiated cells.