bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of antimicrobial polyacrylonitrile microspheres for water disinfection
Authors: Kaur Avneet , Chattopadhyay Sruti , Jain Swati , Singh Harpal 
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACTPolyacrylonitrile (PAN)‐based antimicrobial polymeric microspheres were synthesized and characterized in the present study. In first approach, hydrolysis of PAN microsphere was performed in alkaline medium to generate carboxylic groups, followed by iodination to obtain iodine incorporated hydrolyzed polymeric microspheres. In second approach, pendant nitrile groups of the PAN microspheres were reduced by lithium aluminum hydride to generate amino functionality. Incorporation of antimicrobial agent was achieved by reacting glycidyltrimethylammonium chloride onto the amine‐terminated microspheres. Polymeric samples obtained by both approaches were characterized by analytical, morphological, and spectral techniques. Hydrolyzed microspheres showed higher aqueous swelling capacity, absorbing almost 2000% water in 10–12 days. Both iodinated hydrolyzed polyacrylonitrile (I2HPAN) and quaternized polyacrylonitrile (QPAN) microspheres showed prominent zone of inhibition against both gram‐positive (Staphylococcus aureus) and gram‐negative (Escherichia coli) bacteria. Concentration and time‐dependent bacterial mitigation was observed when different amounts of both I2HPAN and QPAN microspheres were mixed with bacterial solution. I2HPAN established higher killing efficacy than QPAN. PAN‐based antimicrobial microspheres have strong potential to be used as broad spectrum antimicrobial matrices insoluble for water disinfection. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47968.
Thermal conductivity and diffusivity of carbon‐reinforced polyetherketoneketone composites
Authors: Coulson Mike , Dantras Eric , Olivier Philippe , Gleizes Nathalie , Lacabanne Colette 
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACTHeat transfer properties play an important role in processing of polyetherketoneketone (PEKK)/carbon fiber (CF) composites. Accordingly, thermal conductivity and diffusivity of PEKK, PEKK/glassy carbon (GC), and PEKK/CF composites have been studied. Observed increase in conductivity and diffusivity with carbon filler addition was analyzed using the Maxwell–Eucken model. PEKK/GC composites with low carbon fraction indicated good fitting experimental points of the model, indicating good dispersion of particles. For PEKK/CF composites, the thermal conductivity and diffusivity increase is a reflection of a decrease in porosity. Results as observed from the model points to a homogenous dispersion within the PEKK/CF composites as well. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47975.
Preparation and characterization of starch‐based composite films reinforced by apricot and walnut shells
Authors: Ali Amjad , Ali Sartaj , Yu Long , Liu Hongsheng , Khalid Saud , Hussain Azhar , Qayum Mir Muhmmad Nasir , Ying Chen 
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACTStarch‐based biodegradable films were prepared by using solution‐casting method and reinforced by agricultural residues [apricot and walnut shell (APS and WNS) powder]. The powder of both shells was added in different ratios (0, 2.5, 5, 7.5, and 10%) to investigate the microstructures and performances (mechanical and thermal properties) of the starch‐based film. Different techniques such as impact, tensile testing, scanning electron microscope, optical microscope (OM), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), water vapor transmission rate (WVTR), and dynamic mechanical analysis were applied to study the thermomechanical and barrier properties of the composite films. Results showed that the incorporation of both shells significantly improved the WVTR and mechanical properties of starch‐based films. The shells powder was significantly increased the Young's modulus and tensile strength of the starch‐based films. Both OM and SEM results showed reasonably good compatibility between starch and reinforced shells. OM and XRD indicated that the APS and WNS not only retained their crystalline structure in the film but they also strengthened the peak intensity of the film. This phenomenon can be used to explain the mechanism of mechanical reinforcement. Since all the components used in the preparation of the films are food grade ingredients, it is expected that the films developed in this work will be used for food packaging applications. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47978.
Effects of polyamide 6 reinforcement on the compatibility of high‐density polyethylene/environmental‐friendly modified wood fiber composites
Authors: Xu Kaimeng , Zheng Zhifeng , Du Guanben , Zhang Yulu , Wang Zhihui , Zhong Tuhua , Xie Linkun , Wang Siqun 
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACTIn order to develop excellent comprehensive mechanical strength and stability in high‐density polyethylene (HDPE)/wood fiber (WF) composites, polyamide 6 (PA 6), and WF modified by environmental‐friendly high temperature vapor (WF‐HTV) were utilized to reinforce the compound system. The properties relating to interfacial compatibility in HDPE/WF‐HTV composites were characterized and evaluated by electron universal mechanical instrument, water absorption testing, thermogravimetry, scanning electron microscope, Fourier transfer infrared spectroscopy, and differential scanning calorimetry. The results reveal that this novel compounding system can engender a synergistic effect for interfacial interactions among PA 6, HDPE, and WF‐HTV only when the ratio of HDPE to PA 6 is at an optimum level (HDPE:PA 6 = 6:4). The maximum values for flexural strength, modulus, tensile strength, and impact strength can be increased by 82.05, 64.08, 93.47, and 120.45%, respectively, compared with those of HDPE/WF‐HTV composites. Additionally, maximum decomposition temperatures for the first and second thermal degradation stages can be increased by 7.17and 8.99 °C, respectively. Water absorption can be effectively controlled at a relatively low level (approximately 1.50%). © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47984.
Rituximab as Maintenance Treatment for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Multicenter Observational Study of 147 Patients
Authors: Cassia Matthias A. , Alberici Federico , Jones Rachel B. , Smith Rona M. , Casazza Giovanni , Urban Maria L. , Emmi Giacomo , Moroni Gabriella , Sinico Renato A. , Messa Piergiorgio , Hall Frances , Vaglio Augusto , Gallieni Maurizio , Jayne David R. 
Published: May 2019

ObjectiveThe efficacy of rituximab (RTX) in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a subject of debate. This study was undertaken to investigate the outcomes of RTX treatment in a European SLE cohort, with an emphasis on the role of RTX as a maintenance agent.MethodsAll patients with SLE who were receiving RTX as induction therapy in 4 centers were included. Patients who received a single course of RTX and those who received RTX maintenance treatment (RMT) were followed up after treatment. Disease flares during the follow‐up period were defined as an increase in disease activity and the number or dose of immunosuppressive drugs.ResultsOf 147 patients, 27% experienced treatment failure at 6 months. In a multivariate analysis, a low number of previous immunosuppressive therapies (P = 0.034) and low C4 levels (P = 0.008) reduced the risk of treatment failure. Eighty patients received RMT over a median of 24.5 months during which 85 relapses, mainly musculoskeletal, were recorded (1.06 per patient). At the time of the last RTX course, 84% of the patients were in remission. Twenty‐eight (35%) of 80 patients never experienced a flare during RMT and had low damage accrual. Active articular disease at the time of the first RTX administration was associated with a risk of flare during RMT (P = 0.011). After RMT, relapse‐free survival was similar to that in patients receiving a single RTX course (P = 0.72).ConclusionRMT is a potential treatment option for patients with difficult‐to‐treat disease. Relapses occur during RMT and are more likely in those with active articular disease at the time of the first RTX administration. Relapse risk after RMT remains high and apparently comparable to that seen after a single RTX course.
Differences in profiles of emotional behavioral problems across instruments in verbal versus minimally verbal children with autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Fok Megan , Bal Vanessa H. 
Published: May 2019

There has been increasing attention to the assessment of minimally verbal (MV) children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Previous research has begun to examine the relationship between verbal abilities and emotional and behavioral problems (EBP). The current study compared parent‐reported EBP in children of differing language levels on two instruments commonly used in ASD research and clinical practice, the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) and Aberrant Behavior Checklist (ABC). The study consisted of 1,937 6–18 years old children with ASD from the Simons Simplex Collection. Children were divided into three language groups, by ADOS module (Module 1 = MV, 2 = phrase speech (PS), and 3 = verbally fluent (VF)) and then compared on CBCL and ABC subscales. The ABC and CBCL showed different patterns of elevations across the language groups. MV children were reported to have more impairment than VF children on the ABC irritability, lethargy, and hyperactivity scales. Children with less language (MV and PS) exhibited less impairment on the CBCL internalizing domain than VF children, but did not differ on the externalizing domain. Post hoc comparisons showed that internalizing differences were driven by fewer children with less language exhibiting clinically elevated anxious/depressed scores compared to VF children. The present study underscores the significance of considering language when assessing EBP. Results have implications for the psychiatric screening of children with ASD, particularly those with language impairments. Researchers should exercise caution when applying EBP instruments designed for use with different populations and purposes to broad samples of children. Autism Res 2019, 12: 1367–1375. © 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Lay SummarySome emotional and behavioral problem (EBP) scales include items that may be inappropriate for children with ASD and limited language. The present study found that there was a tendency for children with language impairment to have lower internalizing scores on the Child Behavior Checklist, but higher scores lethargy and irritability scores on the Aberrant Behavior Checklist, relative to verbally fluent children. This suggests that each of these instruments may underestimate EBPs in certain subsets of children.
Durable response for ampullary and duodenal adenocarcinoma with a nab‐paclitaxel plus gemcitabine ± cisplatin combination
Authors: Cen Putao , Wray Curtis J. , Zhang Songlin , Thosani Nirav C. , Dinh Brian Cuong , Gonzalez Anneliese , Mohlere Virginia , Bynon John Steven 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBackground/AimThere is no standard salvage chemotherapy for metastatic periampullary adenocarcinoma and duodenal adenocarcinoma and the prognosis of those who fail oxaliplatin, irinotecan, and 5FU is dismal. We examined nanoparticle albumin‐bound paclitaxel (nab‐paclitaxel) as salvage therapy for these two malignancies.MethodsPatients who failed oxaliplatin, irinotecan, and 5FU and whose archival tumors stained immunohistochemical (IHC) tumor positive for CK7 or MUC1 received nab‐paclitaxel and gemcitabine therapy with or without cisplatin.ResultsThree patients, 2 with metastatic ampullary adenocarcinoma and 1 with duodenal adenocarcinoma with positive IHC staining for CK7 or MUC1 who failed 2 lines of chemotherapy with oxaliplatin, irinotecan, and 5FU received nab‐paclitaxel and gemcitabine with or without cisplatin. All achieved excellent tumor response on CT scans with marked falls in tumor markers CA19‐9 and CEA as well as ≥1 year of progression‐free survival. All 3 have continued to survive 2‐3 years since diagnosed with stage 4 metastatic adenocarcinoma.ConclusionsNab‐paclitaxel plus gemcitabine with or without cisplatin should be investigated as a standard‐of‐care chemotherapy regimen for patients with ampullary adenocarcinoma and duodenal adenocarcinoma.
Flowability, wet agglomeration, and pasta processing properties of whole‐durum flour: Effect of direct single‐pass and multiple‐pass reconstituted milling systems
Authors: Deng Lingzhu , Manthey Frank A. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBackground and objectivesFlowability and wet agglomeration can affect pasta processing properties of whole‐wheat flour (WWF). Direct single‐pass and multi‐pass reconstituted milling are common methods to produce WWF. The flowability, wet agglomeration, and pasta processing properties of WWF were compared under these two systems where direct single‐pass system consisted of fine (24,000 g with 250 μm mill screen aperture) and coarse (15,400 g, 1,000 μm) grinds on an ultra‐centrifugal mill and the multiple‐pass reconstituted milling systems consisted of roller milling to produce semolina and bran and blending reground fine/coarse bran back to durum flour/semolina.FindingsParticle sizes were similar for direct fine grind WWF and multiple‐pass durum flour:fine bran and for direct coarse grind WWF and multiple‐pass semolina:coarse bran flour. Direct coarse grind and semolina:coarse bran had better flowing properties than direct fine grind and durum flour:fine bran. Wet agglomerates were smaller with coarsely ground semolina/bran than finely ground flour/bran. Specific mechanical energy needed to extrude semolina, durum flour:WWF doughs were similar and not affected by milling system.ConclusionsFlow and wet agglomeration properties of direct coarse grind and reconstituted WWF of semolina and coarse bran were better than those of finely ground WWF for whole‐wheat pasta production.Significance and noveltyThis research adds to the limited information available concerning the impact of milling process on the flow, agglomeration, and pasta processing properties of WWF. This information is useful to pasta manufacturers when adjusting equipment involved in movement of raw ingredients and in pasta production.
Effects of enzymatic hydrolysis and ultrafiltration on physicochemical and functional properties of faba bean protein
Authors: Eckert Ewelina , Han Jay , Swallow Kevin , Tian Zhigang , Jarpa‐Parra Marcela , Chen Lingyun 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBackground and objectivesFaba bean proteins isolates did not show sufficient functional properties for food applications due to poor solubility. Enzymatic treatments and ultrafiltration may improve solubility and functional properties of faba bean protein. The aim of the present work was to investigate the effect of different proteases (pepsin, trypsin, flavourzyme® 500 L, neutrase® 0.8 L), hydrolysis time and ultrafiltration technique on the physicochemical and functional characteristics of faba bean protein.FindingsThe protein solubility increased from 24.4% to 88.8% at pH 7 and 81.0% at pH 5 by pepsin hydrolysis (15 min). Their foaming capacity (FC) increased from 31.2% to 122.2% at pH 5 and 66.7% to 131.2% at pH 7 and the oil holding capacity (OHC) increased from 6.12 to 8.21 g/g by pepsin hydrolysis. Fraction I (Mw > 10 kDa) and II (Mw: 5–10 kDa) obtained after pepsin hydrolysis and ultrafiltration demonstrated further improved foaming and oil holding capacity and much improved emulsifying capacity.ConclusionsEnzymatic hydrolysis and ultrafiltration provided a strategy to significantly improve faba bean protein solubility and functional properties.Significance and noveltyFaba bean protein hydrolysates and ultrafiltration fractions are good sources of protein with excellent solubility and functionality.
Cutaneous basal cell carcinoma mimicking small cell carcinoma
Authors: Pollock Samara E. , Yousef Michael , Pallavi Ranjita , Pollock Jondavid 
Published: May 2019

Key Clinical Message
Neuroendocrine differentiation seen in basal cell carcinomas (BCC) is not generally appreciated by oncologists and can introduce a component of confusion when diagnosing a tumor and developing a management plan. Understanding that BCC commonly have this feature can assist the treating oncologist.
Transient abnormal myelopoiesis with pericardial effusion in Down syndrome: Case report
Authors: Falasco Bianca Francisco , Durante Brenda , Faria Daniel Kanaan , Faria Caroline Silvério , Rosolen Débora Cristina Batista , Antonangelo Leila 
Published: May 2019

AbstractPericardial effusion associated with transient abnormal myelopoiesis in Down's syndrome neonates needs to be diagnosed in a timely manner, and the comorbidities must be treated to prevent mortality. To our knowledge, the occurrence of basophilic/eosinophilic pericardial effusion without an increase of these cells in the peripheral blood and with no evidence of associated hypothyroidism is rare.
Coherent Spectroscopy of Multiple Excitons in Colloidal Nanocrystal Quantum Dots
Authors: Tahara Hirokazu , Kanemitsu Yoshihiko 
Published: May 2019

AbstractOver three decades of intense research on colloidal semiconductor nanocrystal quantum dots (QDs) have passed, and the multitude of physical effects in QD systems still makes fascinating discoveries even today. In particular, the use of multiple excitons and their coherence is a hot topic to be investigated. We explore the potential of colloidal QDs for next‐generation optoelectronic applications. Here, we summarize our recent studies on the multiple‐exciton harmonic quantum coherence in PbS QDs. The multiple excitonic coherence can be observed with our newly developed system for phase‐locked interference detection of transient absorption signals. We found that multiple excitons exhibit dipole oscillations with integer multiples of the exciton resonance frequency. An important practical feature of this harmonic quantum coherence of multiple excitons is that it assists photoabsorption processes. Therefore, harmonic quantum coherence is a key to realize advanced optoelectronic applications.
A data‐driven support strategy for a sustainable research software repository
Authors: Belgin Mehmet , Perini Tyler A. , Liu Fang (Cherry) , Zhang Nuyun , Sarajlic Semir , McNeill Andre , Manno Paul , Bright Neil C. 
Published: May 2019

SummaryWe describe a sustainable strategy to support a large number of researchers with widely varying scientific software needs, which is a common problem for most centralized Research Computing Centers on university campuses. Changes in systems and hardware, coupled with aging software, often necessitates re‐compilation of existing software. The naive approach of re‐compiling all of the existing packages is not only counterproductive but may also become unrealistic, especially for small support teams such as Georgia Tech's PACE Team. Instead, we analyze job scheduling data to identify actively used software, then rank, and distribute them in three support tiers, which define the level of support we provide. The distribution of software into multiple tiers is a non‐trivial problem. We use a heuristic ranking algorithm that uses four metrics, namely the number of users, groups, jobs, and their collective runtimes. The results revealed a surprisingly small subset of software that is sufficient to support a very large portion of the overall research computing activity on campus. This approach allows us to make data‐driven strategic technical and policy decisions to provide high‐quality support for the software that really matters and sustain these services with a relatively small team in the long term.
Compressible lattice Boltzmann simulations on high‐performance and low‐cost GeForce GPU
Authors: Qiu Ruo‐Fan , Wang Hai‐Ning , Zhu Jian‐Feng , Chen Rong‐Qian , Zhu Cheng‐Xiang , You Yan‐Cheng 
Published: May 2019

SummaryThe feasibility of compressible lattice Boltzmann simulations on high‐performance and low‐cost NVIDIA GeForce GPU is studied to enhance computational efficiency of compressible lattice Boltzmann by using much cheaper computing hardware. The NVIDIA GeForce GTX 1080 GPU, which has similar single precision operation computing performance with NVIDIA scientific computational Tesla K80 GPU and much lower price (seven to ten times) than the latter, is used in this work. The problem of GeForce GPUs is with low double precision operation performance and lack of error‐correcting code memory, which will influence the accuracy of compressible lattice Boltzmann simulations. To evaluate its feasibility, the double‐distribution‐function lattice Boltzmann method is adopted for compressible fluid flows. Three typical compressible problems are tested, ie, the Riemann problem, the regular shock reflection problem, and the supersonic boundary layer problem. The results by GeForce GPU with single precision operation have numerical fluctuations in the simulations with shock waves. Moreover, GeForce GPUs have similar numerical accuracy with CPUs in the regular shock reflection problem and supersonic boundary layer problem.
Compromised account detection in online social networks: A survey
Authors: P. Velayudhan Savyan , Somasundaram Mary Saira Bhanu 
Published: May 2019

SummaryOnline Social Networks are an integral part of the modern society. Social networking sites are at the top rank in terms of usage out of the billions of websites hosted in the internet. The way in which criminal activities are interleaved to these networks are beyond our imagination. Securing these networks from cyber criminals and malicious attackers are a major concern nowadays. There are various security threats happening to the Online Social Network accounts, and account compromise is one among it. Account compromise can cause collateral damage to the user and to a mass community. Misusing the personal information of the users and exploiting their trust relationships within the network lead to serious problems. These compromised accounts are becoming a safe zone for criminals to launch attacks. The threats caused by these compromised accounts include spreading malware, spy advertisements, and espionage. In most cases, it becomes too late to detect that an account is compromised. Detection of these accounts is important in order to reduce the impact of damage. The detection of compromised Online Social Network account is the process of confirming whether the account used by an individual or by an organization has lost its control or not. This survey reviews the various methods that are found in the literature toward detecting compromised Online Social Network Accounts.