bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Surgical Management of Irreparable Rotator Cuff Tears
Authors: Burnier Marion , Elhassan Bassem T. , Sanchez-Sotelo Joaquin 
Published: September 2019

➤ The term functionally irreparable rotator cuff tear (FIRCT) is intended to capture patients who would experience failure of an attempted primary rotator cuff repair because of the extent of cuff muscle and tendon damage and other patient-related factors.➤ Debridement, biceps tenodesis, and/or partial repair of the torn rotator cuff may reduce pain and improve function for selected patients with a FIRCT.➤ Static soft-tissue restraints to abnormal glenohumeral head translation, such as implantation of an absorbable balloon in the subacromial space or superior capsular reconstruction (SCR), appear to reduce pain and improve function, although some have reported a relatively high structural failure rate with SCR.➤ When improvement of strength is the primary goal of treatment, tendon transfers provide a viable treatment alternative; most tendon transfers for management of a FIRCT are currently performed with arthroscopically assisted techniques.➤ Transfer of the lower portion of the trapezius has emerged as a successful alternative to transfer of the latissimus dorsi, whereas transfer of the latissimus dorsi to the lesser tuberosity is being explored as an alternative to transfer of the pectoralis major for functionally irreparable subscapularis tears.
Proportion of neonatal sepsis and determinant factors among neonates admitted in University of Gondar comprehensive specialized hospital neonatal Intensive care unit Northwest Ethiopia 2017
Authors: Yismaw Ayenew Engida , Abebil Tirngo Yihunie , Biweta Mulunesh Abuhay , Araya Bilen Mekonnen 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Objective Neonatal sepsis is one of the most common causes for neonatal hospitalization in developing countries. It is also a major cause of mortality in the world affecting both developed and developing countries. Diagnosis and management of sepsis are a great challenge facing neonatologists in neonatal intensive care units due to nonspecific signs and symptoms. This study, therefore, was aimed to determine proportion and risk factors of neonatal sepsis at university of Gondar comprehensive specialized hospital, North West Ethiopia. Result Proportion of neonatal sepsis was 11.7%. Factors significantly associated with neonatal sepsis were: Neonatal related factors were: Premature rupture of membrane (AOR=2.74; 95%Cl (1.39, 5.38), congenital anomaly (AOR=3.14; 95%CI (1.09, 10.28), and low Apgar score (AOR=2.69; 95%Cl (1.37, 5.26). Maternal factors were: foul smelling vaginal discharge (AOR=2.75; 95%Cl (1.40, 5.38), and Intrapartum fever (AOR=3.35; 95%Cl (1.7, 6.62). In this finding proportion of Neonatal sepsis was low. Measures targeting the prevention of premature rupture of membranes and low Apgar score need to be taken, like strengthening maternal birth preparedness and complication readiness plans. Also, identification of congenital anomalies earlier in pregnancy may decrease neonatal sepsis.
Sensory processing of women diagnosed with genito-pelvic pain/penetration disorder: a research proposal
Authors: Labuschagne Elsie , Niekerk Matty van 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Objectives: The study objectives are to describe the sensory processing patterns of women diagnosed with genito-pelvic pain/penetration disorder (GPPPD), to explore the level of anxiety when both GPPPD and sensory processing disorder (SPD) are present and to investigate participants’ experience of participating in a sensory-based home programme.
Methods: A descriptive two-phased study design will be used. Phase one is a quantitative, cross sectional non-experimental descriptive study, using the Adolescent/Adult Sensory History (ASH) and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scales (HADS) to obtain data from purposive sampling.
Phase two is an exploratory qualitative study involving participants who were identified with SPD in phase one. They will participate in a sensory-based home programme and their experience thereof will be established during semi-structured interviews.
Outcomes: Descriptive studies are known to be useful in planning health services and to develop hypotheses for future testing. This study could improve practitioners’ understanding of GPPPD and SPD and make alternative, non-invasive, non-pharmacological treatment options available to better assist these patients. The study could further clarify the role of the occupational therapist in sexuality. Exploring participants’ anxiety has important implications for treatment protocols in occupational therapy and assisting in describing the signs and symptoms of GPPPD.
Prevalence of diabetes among homeless and slum dwellers in Accra, Ghana: A survey study
Authors: BAWAH AHMED TIJANI , Yawson Albert Abaka , Seini Mohammed Mustapha , Yeboah Francis Agyemang , Ngala Robert Amadu 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Objective: This study aimed at determining diabetes status of homeless people in Nima and Agbogbloshie, Accra, Ghana and to evaluate the association between socio-demographic characteristics and diabetes prevalence.
Results: A total of 130 homeless and slum dwellers took part in the study out of which 7 (5.4%) participants were diagnosed with diabetes while 13 (10 %) were considered as having prediabetes. This is slightly lower than what had been reported two decades ago but similar to overall estimates of diabetes prevalence in Africa (5.7%). Diagnosis of normoglycemia, prediabetes and diabetes was based on individual’s hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) level: ≤5.9%, 6.4–6.0%, and ≥6.5%, respectively. There was no significant association between prevalence of diabetes or prediabetes and the socio-demographic characteristics of the participants. The slightly lower diabetes prevalence among the homeless and slum dwellers compared to the general population may be due to constant movement of these people in the streets, a practice that could serve as a form of exercise for them. Intensive social support aimed at preventing and managing diabetes is crucial if we are to further reduce the incidence of diabetes in homeless people.
Keywords: Homeless, Diabetes mellitus, Hemoglobin A1c, Head porters
Breast self-examination practice and associated factors among female healthcare workers in West Shoa Zone, Western Ethiopia 2019: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Shallo seifadin Ahmed , Boru Jibril Dori 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Abstract
Objective : Breast cancer is the leading cause of death among reproductive-age women worldwide and the second leading cause of death among women in Ethiopia. Regular breast self-examination is the most cost-effective methods for early detection of breast cancer. Despite this fact, breast self-examination was low among women in the general population and it was not well documented among health care workers. Therefore, this study intended to assess the magnitude of breast self-examination practice and associated factors among female healthcare workers in public health facility in West Shoa zone, Ethiopia. Institutional based cross-sectional study was conducted among 379 female healthcare workers. The study participants were recruited by lottery method. Data were collected from March to April 2019. Data were entered into Epi data version 4.5 and analyzed using SPSS version 25. Bivariate and multiple logistic regressions analysis were done. With 95% CI, significance level was decided at p-value≤ 0.05

Results: The magnitude of regular breast self-examination practice was 32.6%. Educational levels, breast cancer awareness, knowledge towards breast self-examination were predictors of breast self-examination. Regular awareness creation forum on breast self-examination technique, risk factors, and related matters should be facilitated so that all female health care workers will be reminded.
Socioeconomic inequality in unhealthy lifestyles across low and middle income countries: a different case than in high income countries
Authors: Dieteren Charlotte , Bonfrer Igna 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background: The link between unhealthy lifestyle factors and non-communicable diseases is evident from a range of studies. Policy makers in high income settings have access to information identifying segments of the population where unhealthy lifestyles are most prevalent. However, this same information for low and middle income countries (LMICs)remains scarce, making it difficult to inform and target effective interventions. This study aims to quantify the prevalence and socioeconomic inequalities in unhealthy lifestyle factors in LMICs and to identify policy priority areas on the path towards the Sustainable Development Goal of reducing deaths from non-communicable diseases by one third in 2030.

Methods: Self-reported data from 1,278,624 adults derived from the Demographics & Health Surveys in 22 LMICs between 2013 and 2018 were used to estimate crude prevalence rates and socioeconomic inequalities in BMI, tobacco use, alcohol use and harmful alcohol use. The variation in lifestyle factors across socioeconomic status is measured by means of the Erreygers concentration index. We identify whether countries that invest more in population health are less likely to exhibit large socioeconomic inequalities in unhealthy lifestyles by correlating the percentage of GDP spent on health with the Erreygers concentration index. We use a four quadrant model to identify countries that should be prioritized because of a “double disadvantage” i.e. both a skewed distribution of unhealthy lifestyles towards the poor and low spending on health nationwide.

Results: Tobacco and alcohol use is largely concentrated among the poor, while overweight is heavily concentrated among the better-off in LMICs. Clustering of alcohol and tobacco use in individuals as shown for high income countries, is not found for LMICs.

Conclusions: This study emphasized that unhealthy lifestyles play an important role in LMICs, and that different unhealthy lifestyle factors vary in their socioeconomic distribution. The targeting of interventions to reduce the burden from unhealthy lifestyles in LMICs should not be simply copied from high income countries but be tailored towards high-risk populations in LMICs. We identified Congo, Tanzania and Zambia as the most disadvantaged countries in our sample, implying that priority should be given to these populations, allowing for the largest health improvements.
Association Between Chlamydia pneumoniae infection and Lung Cancer: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Wang Chunxi , Zhang Naxin , Gao Liang 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Aims: To explore the correlation between Chlamydia pneumoniae infection and lung carcinoma.
Methods: Databases of PubMed, Embase, Embase, Ovid, Wanfang and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) database were investigated for eligible literatures from their establishments to February, 2019. Included studies were selected according to specific eligibility criteria. Statistical analysis were performed by RevMan 5.3 software.
Results: Thirteen studies with 2553 lung carcinoma cases and 2460 controls were eligible for meta-analysis. The pooled results indicated that the C. pneumoniae infection IgA significant increased the risk of lung carcinoma (OR=3.19; 95% CI=1.96-5.19; p < 0.00001) by random effect model. And for serum IgG, the pooled OR was 2.02 ( 95% CI=1.29-3.16; p < 0.00001) by using the random effects model. The results indicated that the IgA positive rate was significantly higher in lung cancer patients than healthy controls.
Conclusions: This meta-analysis revealed that C. pneumoniae infection may be a potential risk factor for lung carcinoma. However, due to its significant heterogeneity in the included studies, the consequence should be understand with caution.
COHORT PATTERNS OF FERTILITY IN POLAND BASED ON STAGING PROCESS – GENERATIONS 1930-1980
Authors: Grzenda Wioletta , Frątczak Ewa 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
As a transition country in the region of Central and Eastern Europe, Poland has experienced unprecedented changes in the fertility. Currently, the total fertility rate level is very low, ca. 1.3 children per woman, which is below the replacement level. Many studies have described changes in fertility based on the cross-sectional approach. However, the changes of cohort fertility have been described not quite sufficiently. Our paper complements this gap by the assessment of stochastic fertility tables, calculated for five-year generations of women born in the period 1930-1980. The main goal of this study is to analyse changes in the cohort patterns of female fertility in Poland.
TESTING HYPOTHESES ABOUT STRUCTURE OF PARAMETERS IN MODELS WITH BLOCK COMPOUND SYMMETRIC COVARIANCE STRUCTURE
Authors: Zmyślony Roman , Kozioł Arkadiusz 
Published: September 2019

AbstractIn this article we deal with testing the hypotheses of the so-called structured mean vector and the structure of a covariance matrix. For testing the above mentioned hypotheses Jordan algebra properties are used and tests based on best quadratic unbiased estimators (BQUE) are constructed. For convenience coordinate-free approach (see Kruskal (1968) and Drygas (1970)) is used as a tool for characterization of best unbiased estimators and testing hypotheses. To obtain the test for mean vector, linear function of mean vector with the standard inner product in null hypothesis is changed into equivalent hypothesis about some quadratic function of mean parameters (it is shown that both hypotheses are equivalent and testable). In both tests the idea of the positive and negative part of quadratic estimators is applied to get the test, statistics which have F distribution under the null hypothesis. Finally, power functions of the obtained tests are compared with other known tests like LRT or Roy test. For some set for parameters in the model the presented tests have greater power than the above mentioned tests. In the article we present new results of coordinate-free approach and an overview of existing results for estimation and testing hypotheses about BCS models.
A PERSISTÊNCIA DO FRACASSO/SUCESSO PRISIONAL: A HIPÓTESE DO ILEGALISMO EM MICHEL FOUCAULT
Authors: Ramos Marcelo Buttelli , De Avila Gustavo Noronha 
Published: September 2019

O presente ensaio tem por objetivo problematizar dois fatos já consagrados no âmbito dos estudos criminológicos contemporâneos (e.g. a resiliência da Prisão e a expansão dos discursos de encarceramento) a partir da sua exposição ao conceito foucaultiano de “ilegalismo”. Ancorados no pensamento de Michel Foucault, os autores buscam, nestes escrito, desenvolver a hipótese que sugere a possibilidade de se realizar uma leitura (pelo avesso) do argumento que informa o “fracasso histórico da prisão”, concebendo tal fato não como uma desventura, uma fatalidade, mas, ao invés, como uma espécie de desvio consciente e estratégico dos discursos oficiais, cujo objetivo primeiro seria o desenvolvimento de uma economia biopolítica focalizada na (re)produção de subjetividades normalizadas. Os autores procuram verificar a validade da hipótese a partir da realização de uma análise crítica acerca das conjunturas histórica e política que serviram de cenário para a edição da Lei dos Crimes Hediondos. Palavras-chave: Foucault; Vigiar e Punir; Prisão; Ilegalismo; Lei de Crimes Hediondos.
METODE DAKWAH MENURUT JALALUDDIN RAKHMAT DAN IMPLEMENTASINYA DALAM BIMBINGAN DAN KONSELING ISLAM (BKI)
Authors: Maullasari Sri 
Published: September 2019

<p><em>In line with the increasingly rapid development of the era, da'wah activities require a precise strategy and a clear concept. For this reason, it is necessary to have a systematic method or method that is used to deliver material or preach messages to mad'u. The author focuses on conducting studies between the methods of da'wah according to Jalaluddin Rakhmat and their implementation in Islamic guidance and counseling because they can be said to be interrelated. According to Jalaluddin Rachmat there are three methods of da'wah, namely: preaching with wisdom (bi al-hikmah), mau'idzah hasanah, and da'wah with good discussion (mujadalah billati hiya ahsan). The da'wah method according to Jalaluddin Rakhmat can be implemented in the guidance and counseling process as an effort to deepen the application of counseling communication skills. Al hikmah can be applied in the initial stages of counseling process trying to understand a client's problems. Mauidzhah hasanah can be applied in the middle stage, which is the stage of work where there will be advice so that clients can find various alternatives to the problems at hand. Mujadalah billati hiya ahsan can be applied in the final stage, namely the action stage which seeks to convince clients of solutions that will be taken independently.</em></p><p align="center">****</p><p>Sejalan dengan perkembangan zaman yang semakin pesat, kegiatan dakwah memerlukan sebuah strategi yang jitu dan konsep yang jelas. Untuk itu perlu sebuah metode atau cara yang sistematis yang digunakan untuk menyampaikan materi atau pesan dakwah kepada mad’u. Dalam kajian ini penulis fokus untuk melakukan pengkajian antara metode dakwah menurut Jalaluddin Rakhmat dan implementasinya dalam bimbingan dan konseling Islam karena keduanya bisa dikatakan saling berkaitan. Menurut Jalaluddin Rakhmat terdapat tiga metode dakwah, yakni, dakwah dengan hikmah <em>(bi al-hikmah</em>), <em>mau’idzah hasanah</em>, dan dakwah dengan diskusi yang baik (<em>mujadalah billati hiya ahsan</em>). Metode dakwah menurut Jalaluddin Rakhmat dapat diimplementasikan dalam proses bimbingan dan konseling sebagai upaya memperdalam penerapan ketrampilan komunikasi konseling. <em>Al-hikmah </em>dapat diterapkan dalam tahap awal konseling, untuk memahami suatu permasalahan klien. <em>Mauidzhah hasanah </em>dapat diterapkan dalam tahap pertengahan, yang merupakan tahap kerja dimana akan adanya nasihat-nasihat agar klien bisa menemukan berbagai alternatif atas permasalahan yang dihadapi. <em>Mujadalah billati hiya ahsan </em>dapat diterapkan dalam tahap akhir, yaitu tahap tindakan <em>(action) </em>yang berusaha untuk menyakinkan klien terhadap solusi yang akan diambil secara mandiri.</p>
Evli Kadınların Aile İçi Şiddete Maruz Kalma Durumu ve Etkileyen Faktörler
Authors: Tel Havva , Kocataş Semra , Güler Nuran , Tel Aydın Hatice , Akgül Gündoğdu Nurcan 
Published: September 2019

Bu çalışma evli kadınların aile içi şiddete maruz kalma durumunu ve etkileyen
faktörleri belirlemek amacı ile yapılmıştır. Tanımlayıcı ve kesitsel tipte olan
araştırmanın örneklemine, araştırmanın evrenini oluşturan 330 kursiyer kadından
18 yaş ve üzeri, evli ve araştırmaya katılmayı kabul eden 220 kadın alınmıştır.
Araştırma verileri “kişisel bilgi formu” “kadına yönelik aile içi şiddeti
belirleme ölçeği” ile toplanmıştır.
Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde sayı, yüzdelik dağılım ki-kare testi, t
testi ve varyans analizi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmaya katılan kadınların %69.5’i
görücü usulü ile evlendiğini, %30.5’i eşinden şiddet gördüğünü
belirtmiştir. Tanışarak evlenen,
fiziksel hastalığı veya ruhsal hastalığı olan ve eşinden şiddet gördüğünü ifade
eden kadınların kadına yönelik ev içi şiddeti belirleme ölçeği puan
ortalamasının daha yüksek olduğu saptanmıştır. Bu sonuçlar doğrultusunda; kadınların aile içi eş şiddet türleri ve aile
içi eş şiddetinin tedavi edilmesi gereken bir sorun olduğu konusunda
bilgilendirilmesi, şiddet yaşantısında
yardım ve destek alacakları kaynaklarının tanıtılması, şiddetin sonuçlarına
yönelik farkındalıklarının artırılması önerilmektedir.
Benzocaine: Review on a Drug with Unfold Potential
Authors: Khair-ul-Bariyah Syeda , Arshad Muhammad , Ali Muhammad , Din Muhammad Imran , Sharif Ahsan , Ahmed Ejaz 
Published: September 2019

:
Benzocaine is well-known for its role as an anesthetic agent and largely used in oral ulcers,
ear pain and dental complications. Along with lidocaine and other local anesthetics, benzocaine has
marked it as an anesthetic agent in surgical procedures and as Na+ channels blocker, as well. Analogues
of benzocaine have been found to possess biological potentials including antibacterial, antifungal
and anti-cancer. Some derivatives were found to have conspicuous action against tuberculosis. The
current review focuses to explore the century-long potential of the molecule and its analogs that have
appeared in the literature. Furthermore, highlighting the biological potential of benzocaine and its analogues
shall open-up new dimensions of future research to design more potent analogues.
Cancer Immunotherapy: An Effective Tool in Cancer Control and Treatment
Authors: Kaur Kawalpreet , Khatik Gopal L. 
Published: September 2019

Background::
Cancer immunotherapy is a type of cancer treatment which effectively
harnesses the natural ability of the immune system to fight against cancer cells. This approach
takes into consideration the fact that cancer cells express various types of antigens on their surface.
Such tumor antigens can be detected by the immune system. However, cancer cells normally
develop resistance to the defensive mechanisms presented by the immune system. Thus, cancer
immunotherapy has some challenges in its path but due to its impressive clinical effectiveness, it
is considered as the potential and effective mode of treatment for cancer.

Methods::
We searched the scientific database using cancer, immunotherapy, and tumor antigens
as the keywords. Herein, only peer-reviewed research articles were collected which were useful to
our current work.

Results::
Cells responsible for incurring natural immunity to the body are engineered in such a
way that they become able to efficiently recognize and bind to tumor antigens. Such type of immunotherapy
is referred to as active immunotherapy. Another type is passive immunotherapy,
which involves the process of modifying the existing natural immune responses against cancer
cells. A hybrid type of immunotherapy has also been developed which involves the combinative
use of both active and passive immunotherapy. Cancer immunotherapy has so far proven to be an
effective treatment for cancer as this therapy primarily aims at attacking cancer cells and not the
healthy body cells lying in close vicinity to them.

Conclusion::
In the review, we described the significance of immunotherapy in the management
of various types of cancer.