bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tracking the sociomaterial traces of affect at the crossroads of affect and practice theories
Authors: Gherardi Silvia , Murgia Annalisa , Bellè Elisa , Miele Francesco , Carreri Anna 
Published: October 2018

PurposeAffect is relevant for organization studies mainly for its potential to reveal the intensities and forces of everyday organizational experiences that may pass unnoticed or pass in silence because they have been discarded from the orthodoxy of doing research “as usual.” The paper is constructed around two questions: what does affect “do” in a situated practice, and what does the study of affect contribute to practice-based studies. This paper aims to discuss these issues.Design/methodology/approachThe authors chose a situated practice – interviewing – focusing on the dynamic character of the intra-actions among its heterogeneous elements. What happens to us, as persons and researchers, when we put ourselves inside the practices we study? The authors tracked the sociomaterial traces left by affect in the transcript of the interviews, in the sounds of the voices, in the body of the interviewers, and in the collective memories, separating and mixing them like in a mixing console.FindingsThe reconstruction, in a non-representational text, of two episodes related to a work accident makes visible and communicable how affect circulates within a situated practice, and how it stiches all the practice elements together. The two episodes point to different aspects of the agency of affect: the first performs the resonance of boundaryless bodies, and the second performs the transformative power of affect in changing a situation.Originality/valueThe turn to affect and the turn to practice have in a common interest in the body, and together they contribute to re-opening the discussion on embodiment, embodied knowledge, and epistemic practices. Moreover, we suggest an inventive methodology for studying and writing affect in organization studies.
A territorial perspective of SME’s default prediction models
Authors: Gabbianelli Linda 
Published: October 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to test whether the qualitative variables regarding the territory and the firm–territory relationship can improve the accuracy rates of small business default prediction models.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors apply a logistic regression to a sample of 141 small Italian enterprises located in the Marche region, and the authors build two different default prediction models: one using only financial ratios and one using jointly financial ratios and variables related to the relationship between firm and territory.

Findings
Including variables regarding the relationships between firms and their territory, the accuracy rates of the default prediction model are significantly improved.

Research limitations/implications
The qualitative variables data collected are affected by subjective judgments of respondents of the firms studied. In addition, neither other qualitative variables (such as those regarding competitive strategies, or managerial skills) are included nor those variables regarding the relationships between firms and financial institutions are included.

Practical implications
The study suggests that financial institutions should include territory qualitative variables, and, above all, qualitative variables regarding the firm–territory relationship, when constructing business default prediction models. Including this type of variables, it could be able to reduce the tendency to place unnecessary restrictions on credit.

Originality/value
The field of business failure prediction modeling using variables regarding the relationship between firm–territory is a unexplored area as it count of a very few studies.
Beyond market timing theory
Authors: Iyer Subramanian , Javadi Siamak 
Published: October 2018

PurposeThis study aims to examine the behavior of cash raised through market timing efforts and the success of such efforts in creating value to shareholders.Design/methodology/approachIt is shown that in two quarters, subsequent to raising equity, cash balance of market timers is higher but after that, there is no significant difference between timers and non-timers. Results of speed of adjustment regressions indicate that market timers move faster toward their target cash levels.FindingsMarket timers are small firms that suffer from asymmetric information. They have limited access to capital market, and raising external capital is an opportunity that should be timed. The results suggest that, on average, these firms are managed by more able executives, who are 10 per cent more likely to time the market; however, it is found that timing efforts are unsuccessful in creating value to shareholders even after controlling for the mitigating effect of managerial ability. Subsequent to market timing, on average, market timers earn significantly lower abnormal return over different holding periods relative to their comparable non-timer counterparts.Originality/valueOverall, the results undermine the validity of market timing as a value-maximizing financial policy.
South African children’s influence tactics: what works and when?
Authors: Ellis Debbie , Maikoo Mishaal 
Published: October 2018

Purpose
Family consumption studies have been criticised for using an individualistic or dyadic approach to explore the types of influence strategies that children use to sway parental decisions. In this study, attention is refocused on the voices of South African families within twenty-first-century familial interactions. The purpose of this paper is to explore the prevalence of pester power in South Africa, and to understand the influence strategies used by children and the different categories of products that children attempt to influence the purchasing of. Parental responses to these strategies are also explored to determine their effectiveness.

Design/methodology/approach
An exploratory research design using quantitative, but mainly, qualitative data, was used to draw insights from 135 families to understand intra-familial negotiation tactics within the context of family consumption and everyday family life. Thematic content analysis was used to extract themes from the responses.

Findings
The findings suggest that children use everyday family interactions as a resource to select successful pester and negotiation tactics. These children have a relatively deep understanding of how to influence their parents by using different tactics, such as emotional appeals, product requests, purchase justifications and bad behaviour. Children were found to have an awareness regarding the circumstances during which these tactics are more effective.

Originality/value
The contribution offered by this paper is first to build on calls for perspectives in the African context, when marketing to children and second, to add deeper understanding of the categories that children from South Africa influence, and the negotiating tactics that they use. This also contributes to an understanding of the intra-familial interaction processes leading to the eventual emergence of influence strategies and concomitant consumption behaviour.
Psoriasis is associated with a greater risk for cardiovascular procedure and surgery in patients with hypertension: A nationwide cohort study
Authors: Chiu Hsien‐Yi , Chang Wei‐Lun , Shiu Ming‐Neng , Huang Weng‐Foung , Tsai Tsen‐Fang 
Published: October 2018

AbstractPsoriasis increases the incidence of hypertension and cardiovascular disease. However, its effect on the course of cardiovascular disease remains unknown. To investigate whether patients with psoriasis and hypertension have a higher requirement for cardiovascular procedure and surgery than patients with hypertension but without psoriasis, we used the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database to identify patients with new‐onset hypertension during 2005–2006. Among these patients, those with psoriasis (n = 4039) were matched in a 1:1 ratio by age and sex with patients without psoriasis. The association between psoriasis and cardiovascular interventions was examined using time‐varying Cox proportional hazards models. The mean follow‐up period was 5.62 years. Psoriasis was associated with an increased risk for cardiovascular procedure and surgery in patients with hypertension (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 1.28; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.07–1.53). When no psoriasis served as a reference group, the aHRs were higher for women than for men, and for patients aged 50–64 years than for younger and older patients. Patients with severe psoriasis or psoriatic arthritis tended to have higher risks of cardiovascular procedure and surgery than patients with mild psoriasis (aHR, 1.22; 95% CI, 0.98–1.51) or patients without psoriatic arthritis (aHR, 1.15; 95% CI, 0.84–1.58), respectively, did, although not reaching statistical significance. In conclusion, patients with hypertension and psoriasis had a greater requirement for cardiovascular interventions than hypertensive patients without psoriasis. More intense assessments for cardiovascular interventions may be necessary in patients with concurrent hypertension and psoriasis than general hypertension patients.
An extensive suite of functional traits distinguishes Hawaiian wet and dry forests and enables prediction of species vital rates
Authors: Medeiros Camila D. , Scoffoni Christine , John Grace P. , Bartlett Megan K. , Inman‐Narahari Faith , Ostertag Rebecca , Cordell Susan , Giardina Christian , Sack Lawren 
Published: October 2018

Abstract

The application of functional traits to predict and explain plant species’ distributions and vital rates has been a major direction in functional ecology for decades, yet numerous physiological traits have not yet been incorporated into the approach.

Using commonly measured traits such as leaf mass per area (LMA) and wood density (WD), and additional traits related to water transport, gas exchange and resource economics, including leaf vein, stomatal and wilting traits, we tested hypotheses for Hawaiian wet montane and lowland dry forests (MWF and LDF, respectively): (1) Forests would differ in a wide range of traits as expected from contrasting adaptation; (2) trait values would be more convergent among dry than wet forest species due to the stronger environmental filtering; (3) traits would be intercorrelated within “modules” supporting given functions; (4) relative growth rate (RGR) and mortality rate (m) would correlate with a number of specific traits; with (5) stronger relationships when stratifying by tree size; and (6) RGR and m can be strongly explained from trait‐based models.

The MWF species’ traits were associated with adaptation to high soil moisture and nutrient supply and greater shade tolerance, whereas the LDF species’ traits were associated with drought tolerance. Thus, on average, MWF species achieved higher maximum heights than LDF species and had leaves with larger epidermal cells, higher maximum stomatal conductance and CO2 assimilation rate, lower vein lengths per area, higher saturated water content and greater shrinkage when dry, lower dry matter content, higher phosphorus concentration, lower nitrogen to phosphorus ratio, high chlorophyll to nitrogen ratio, high carbon isotope discrimination, high stomatal conductance to nitrogen ratio, less negative turgor loss point and lower WD. Functional traits were more variable in the MWF than LDF, were correlated within modules, and predicted species’ RGR and m across forests, with stronger relationships when stratifying by tree size. Models based on multiple traits predicted vital rates across forests (R2 = 0.70–0.72; p < 0.01).

Our findings are consistent with a powerful role of broad suites of functional traits in contributing to forest species’ distributions, integrated plant design and vital rates.

A plain language summary is available for this article.
Integrating social media features into a cell phone alert system for emergency situations
Authors: van Dijl Daniëlle E. M. , Zebel Sven , Gutteling Jan M. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractIn times of emergency, people include social networking sites (SNS) in their search for information and support. An online survey with an embedded experiment with two conditions focused on understanding whether and how SNS functions have a positive influence on perceived self‐efficacy, risk perception, and reported information sufficiency when integrated into a current emergency alert system like NL‐Alert. Participants were randomly assigned to a control condition showing the classical format of NL‐Alert or the expanded condition with added SNS functions (a newsfeed and marking oneself as safe). Results show that self‐efficacy and risk perception did not differ between conditions. Significantly higher degrees of information sufficiency were reported in the expanded condition. Consequences for emergency risk communication are discussed.
Effect of Dual Use of Veterans Affairs and Medicare Part D Drug Benefits on Antihypertensive Medication Supply in a National Cohort of Veterans with Dementia
Authors: Thorpe Carolyn T. , Gellad Walid F. , Mor Maria K. , Cashy John P. , Pleis John R. , Van Houtven Courtney H. , Schleiden Loren J. , Hanlon Joseph T. , Niznik Joshua D. , Carico Ronald L. , Good Chester B. , Thorpe Joshua M. 
Published: October 2018

ObjectiveTo evaluate the effect of dual use of VA/Medicare Part D drug benefits on antihypertensive medication supply in older Veterans with dementia.Data Sources/Study SettingNational, linked 2007–2010 Veterans Affairs (VA) and Medicare utilization and prescription records for 50,763 dementia patients with hypertension.Study DesignWe used inverse probability of treatment (IPT)‐weighted multinomial logistic regression to examine the association of dual prescription use with undersupply and oversupply of antihypertensives.Data Collection/Extraction MethodsVeterans Affairs and Part D prescription records were used to classify patients as VA‐only, Part D‐only, or dual VA/Part D users of antihypertensives and summarize their antihypertensive medication supply in 2010: (1) appropriate supply of all prescribed antihypertensive classes, (2) undersupply of ≥1 class with no oversupply of another class, (3) oversupply of ≥1 class with no undersupply, or (4) both undersupply and oversupply.Principal FindingsDual prescription users were more likely than VA‐only users to have undersupply only (aOR = 1.28; 95 percent CI = 1.18–1.39), oversupply only (aOR = 2.38; 95 percent CI = 2.15–2.64), and concurrent under‐ and oversupply (aOR = 2.89; 95 percent CI = 2.53–3.29), versus appropriate supply of all classes.ConclusionsObtaining antihypertensives through both VA and Part D was associated with increased antihypertensive under‐ and oversupply. Efforts to understand how best to coordinate dual‐system prescription use are critically needed.
Some guidance on using mathematical notation in ecology
Authors: Edwards Andrew M. , Auger‐Méthé Marie 
Published: October 2018

Abstract

Mathematical modelling is playing an increasing role in studies of ecological systems. This requires the communication of the details of a mathematical model, including the use of mathematical notation to represent ecological variables, parameters and processes.

In our experience, the clarity of mathematical notation varies between papers and can often be inconsistent with general conventions. Poor notation can impede communication and understanding of ideas, and make models appear more complicated than necessary.

Here, we present some guidelines, including: (a) define every term in an equation, (b) use fonts appropriately (italicise mathematical symbols, use bold lower case for vectors and bold upper case for matrices), (c) use subscripts appropriately (to index quantities, for example, by year), (d) use superscripts appropriately (to indicate a power, the transpose of a matrix or the steady‐state value of a quantity), (e) avoid multiletter variable names, and (f) revisit notation early on in a project to see if it should be refined.

Although we focus mainly on ecology, our guidelines should be of interest to researchers applying models in evolutionary biology and broader areas of biology.
blockCV: An r package for generating spatially or environmentally separated folds for k‐fold cross‐validation of species distribution models
Authors: Valavi Roozbeh , Elith Jane , Lahoz‐Monfort José J. , Guillera‐Arroita Gurutzeta 
Published: October 2018

Abstract

When applied to structured data, conventional random cross‐validation techniques can lead to underestimation of prediction error, and may result in inappropriate model selection.

We present the r package blockCV, a new toolbox for cross‐validation of species distribution modelling. Although it has been developed with species distribution modelling in mind, it can be used for any spatial modelling.

The package can generate spatially or environmentally separated folds. It includes tools to measure spatial autocorrelation ranges in candidate covariates, providing the user with insights into the spatial structure in these data. It also offers interactive graphical capabilities for creating spatial blocks and exploring data folds.

Package blockCV enables modellers to more easily implement a range of evaluation approaches. It will help the modelling community learn more about the impacts of evaluation approaches on our understanding of predictive performance of species distribution models.
An association between YKL‐40 and type 2 diabetes in psychotic disorders
Authors: Dieset I. , Mørch R. H. , Hope S. , Hoseth E.Z. , Reponen E. J. , Gran J. M. , Aas M. , Michelsen A. E. , Reichborn‐Kjennerud T. , Nesvåg R. , Agartz I. , Melle I. , Aukrust P. , Djurovic S. , Ueland T. , Andreassen O. A. 
Published: October 2018

ObjectiveThis study examines if YKL‐40 is increased in individuals with psychotic disorders and if elevated YKL‐40 levels at baseline is associated with subsequent development of type 2 diabetes.MethodA total of 1383 patients with a diagnosis of schizophrenia or affective psychosis and 799 healthy controls were recruited in the period 2002–2015. Plasma YKL‐40 and metabolic risk factors were measured and medication was recorded. Using national registry data, association between baseline risk factors and later development of type 2 diabetes was assessed using Cox proportional hazards models.ResultsPlasma YKL‐40 was higher in patients vs. healthy controls also after adjusting for metabolic risk factors, with no difference between the schizophrenia and affective psychosis groups. Patients were diagnosed with type 2 diabetes at a significantly younger age. Multivariate Cox regression analyses showed that elevated YKL‐40 (hazard ratio (HR) = 5.6, P = 0.001), elevated glucose (HR = 3.6, P = 0.001), and schizophrenia diagnosis (HR = 3.0, P = 0.014) at baseline were associated with subsequent development of type 2 diabetes.ConclusionsPatients with psychotic disorders have at baseline increased levels of YKL‐40 beyond the effect of comorbid type 2 diabetes and metabolic risk factors. Elevated YKL‐40 level at baseline is associated with later development of type 2 diabetes.
The great imitator on the rise: ocular and optic nerve manifestations in patients with newly diagnosed syphilis
Authors: Klein Ainat , Fischer Naomi , Goldstein Michaella , Shulman Shiri , Habot‐Wilner Zohar 
Published: October 2018

AbstractPurposeOcular manifestations of syphilis have been reported in 2–10% of systemic infection. The purpose of this study was to report the incidence of ocular syphilis and various ocular manifestations, particularly optic nerve involvement, in newly diagnosed cases.MethodsThis was a retrospective study. Medical records of newly diagnosed syphilis patients between January 2009 and January 2017 in a tertiary medical centre were reviewed.ResultsThere were 123 new systemic syphilis cases out of 569,222 (0.02%) admissions to the Tel Aviv Medical Center during the study period. Ninety‐three of the 123 patients (76%) underwent ophthalmological examination. Twenty‐three of the 93 patients (25%, mean age 48.6 ± 12.9 years, 20 males) had ocular syphilis, and in 12/23 (52%) patients, the ocular symptoms and findings prompted syphilis investigation. Eighteen of the 23 (78%) had optic nerve involvement, and the most common was inflammatory disc oedema. Older age (p = 0.0005) and tertiary stage disease (p = 0.0441) were associated with ocular manifestations and the presence of optic nerve findings. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) was associated with ocular but not optic nerve findings. Treatment included intravenous penicillin G, and four patients with severe optic neuropathy were also treated with systemic corticosteroids. Visual acuity significantly improved in most patients (p < 0.05).ConclusionOcular syphilis was found in one‐quarter of the patients diagnosed with systemic syphilis and preceded the diagnosis of systemic disease in one‐half of them. Optic nerve involvement was a common manifestation. A high index of suspicion for Treponema infection is required in patients presenting with optic nerve involvement to facilitate prompt diagnosis and treatment. Post‐treatment visual outcome was good.
Treating depression with adjunctive antipsychotics
Authors: Mulder Roger , Hamilton Amber , Irwin Lauren , Boyce Philip , Morris Grace , Porter Richard J. , Malhi Gin S 
Published: October 2018

AbstractObjectivesTo evaluate the efficacy and safety of using adjunctive antipsychotics in patients with major depressive disorder.MethodStudies published since the last Cochrane review conducted in 2010 were identified via a literature search of recognised databases, using the keywords “adjunct*”, “augment*”, “antipsychotic” and “depression”, and systematically evaluated. A targeted review of relevant guidelines was undertaken.ResultsAdjunctive antipsychotics produce a small but significant improvement in depressive symptoms in most studies. Most of the studies focussed on patients with an inadequate response to antidepressants rather than patients with treatment resistant depression. Treatment guidelines were variable but generally supported the use of adjunctive antipsychotics while cautioning about the risk of side effects. Most were non‐specific about the length of time adjunctive antipsychotics should be prescribed.ConclusionsThe studies do not support the routine use of adjunctive antipsychotics in patients with an inadequate response to antidepressants. They may be beneficial when used short‐term in patients with treatment resistant depression who have specific symptoms (severe ruminations, melancholia, major sleep disturbance) that appear to respond well to adjunctive antipsychotics. There is no support for long‐term use. Research should focus on specifying which symptom profiles are responsive and how adjunctive antipsychotics compare to other strategies in treatment resistant depression.