bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inferring and Removing a Spurious Response in the Optical Backscattering Signal from an Autonomous Profiling Float
Authors: Wojtasiewicz BoŻena , Walsh Ian D. , Antoine David , Slawinski Dirk , Hardman-Mountford Nick J. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractDevelopment of autonomous profiling floats, allowing for long-term continuous measurement of bio-optical variables, promises to significantly increase our knowledge of the variability of the particulate optical backscattering coefficient bbp in marine environments. However, because autonomous floats are designed for unattended data collection and only rarely are recovered for analysis of the condition of the sensors in situ, the quality-control analysis of float data streams is of paramount importance in both a particular dataset and the larger understanding of the response of sensors over the lifetime of the floats. Anomalous data from a backscattering sensor (MCOMS) mounted on autonomous profiling floats are reported here. The observed sensor behavior, which presents itself as significant differences in the values observed at the parking depth between profiles, caused by a steady increase in the signal during the profiling time, is neither common to all sensors nor can it be a function of changes in the particle population. A simple quality-control procedure that is able to detect this spurious sensor response is proposed. Further characterization of this effect will require laboratory experimentation under controlled conditions of temperature and pressure.
Effects of Display Curvature, Presbyopia, and Task Duration on Visual Fatigue, Task Performance, and User Satisfaction
Authors: Choi Donghee , Kyung Gyouhyung , Nam Kyunghyun , Park Sungryul 
Published: October 2018

Objective: This study examined the effects of display curvature, presbyopia, and task duration on visual fatigue, task performance, and user satisfaction. Background: Although curved displays have been applied to diverse display products, and some studies reported their benefits, it is still unknown whether the effects of display curvature are presbyopia-specific. Method: Each of 64 individuals (eight nonpresbyopes and eight presbyopes per display curvature) performed four 15-min proofreading tasks at one display curvature radius setting (600R, 1140R, 4000R, and flat; mm). Diverse measurements were obtained to assess visual fatigue, task performance, and user satisfaction. Results: The mean pupil diameter was the largest with 1140R, indicating this curvature radius was associated with the least development of visual fatigue; 600R was comparable with 1140R in terms of pupil diameter. The presbyopic group showed a 28.5% slower proofreading speed compared with the nonpresbyopic group, whereas their proofreading accuracy was comparable. For both groups, the mean visual fatigue increased significantly during the first 15 min of proofreading, as indicated by a decrease of 0.11 mm in the mean pupil diameter, an increase of 3.8 in the mean bulbar conjunctival redness, and an increase of 9.13 in the mean eye complaint questionnaire score. Conclusion: The effect of display curvature was not presbyopia-specific. Low visual fatigue was observed with 1140R and 600R. Application: Display curvature radii near or in the range of 600R and 1140R and frequent breaks are recommended for both presbyopic and nonpresbyopic groups to reduce their visual fatigue due to visual display terminal tasks.
Ski Boots Do Not Impair Standing Balance by Restricting Ankle-Joint Mobility
Authors: Noé Frédéric , García-Massó Xavier , Ledez Damien , Paillard Thierry 
Published: October 2018

Objective: This study was undertaken in order to provide new insight into sensorimotor control of posture when wearing high-shaft (HS) boots as ski boots. Background: Previous studies into the effects of HS boots on postural control have produced controversial results. Some studies reported postural control impairments with ski boots in bipedal postural tasks due to ankle movement restrictions without quantifying the actual restrictive effect of these boots and specifying the adaptations of the postural control system. Method: Eighteen young healthy subjects took part in the experiment. Bilateral postural control was assessed on stable and unstable surfaces, while standing barefoot or wearing ski boots. Center of pressure (COP) parameters, ankle, knee, and hip joints movements were calculated and EMG activity from main postural muscles was recorded. Results: Ski boots did not restrict the amplitude of ankle angular movements and largely impacted COP parameters and EMG activity on stable ground. In conditions of mediolateral instability, COP data illustrated an enhanced postural control in the frontal plane when wearing ski boots. Conclusions: Ski boots do not affect bipedal postural balance by restricting the ankle angular motions but induce complex adaptations of the postural control system which combine factors of a mechanical, motor, and sensorial nature. They impede postural control mainly when standing on stable ground without producing similar deleterious effects on unstable surfaces. Application: Our results show that HS boots as ski boots can improve lateral balance on unstable surfaces, which can contribute to prevent fall risk and ankle sprain.
The Perils of Reconciliation: Achievements and Challenges of Daniel Ortega and the Modern FSLN
Authors: Cruz Feliciano Héctor 
Published: October 2018

Against the background of unprecedented levels of support and popularity since recovering power, the experience of the Frente Sandinista de Liberación Nacional (FSLN) shows that alliances unorthodox for a leftist party have rendered electoral results at the cost of putting more profound structural transformations on hold. Ten years after its electoral comeback, the FSLN has a lot to show for itself, largely because of the stable climate attributable to its decision to make peace with its historical foes. At the same time, its efforts at empowering the citizenry have been limited at best. Entrenched in the wealth of political capital it has accumulated, it is in a good position to take calculated risks in favor of bold redistributive policies. Not taking more daring steps toward the socialist transformation of society at this juncture could in due time cost it its role as articulator of the leftist agenda in Nicaragua. En un contexto de niveles de apoyo y popularidad sin precedentes desde la recuperación del poder, la experiencia del Frente Sandinista de Liberación Nacional (FSLN) muestra que alianzas heterodoxas para un partido de izquierda han dado resultados electorales a costa de detener transformaciones estructurales más profundas. Diez años después de su regreso electoral, el FSLN tiene muchos logros que mostrar, en gran parte debido al clima estable atribuible a su decisión de hacer las paces con sus enemigos históricos. Al mismo tiempo, sus esfuerzos para empoderar a la ciudadanía han sido limitados en el mejor de los casos. Afirmado en la abundancia de capital político que ha acumulado, se encuentra en una buena posición para tomar riesgos calculados a favor de políticas redistributivas audaces. No dar pasos más audaces hacia la transformación socialista de la sociedad en esta coyuntura podría, a su debido tiempo, costarle su papel como articulador de la agenda izquierdista en Nicaragua.
Clinical characteristics and prognosis of idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis in pediatric patients
Authors: Zhang Yajun , Luo Fenglan , Wang Nini , Song Yue , Tao Yuhong 
Published: October 2018

Objective This study aimed to analyze the clinical characteristics and prognosis of pediatric idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis (IPH). Methods Pediatric IPH cases that were diagnosed at West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University between 1996 and 2017 were reviewed. Follow-up data from 34 patients were collected. Results A total of 107 patients were included (42 boys and 65 girls). The median age was 6 years at diagnosis. The main manifestations of the patients were as follows: anemia (n = 100, 93.45%), cough (n = 68, 63.55%), hemoptysis (n = 61, 57%), fever (n = 23, 21.5%), and dyspnea (n = 23, 21.5%). There were relatively few pulmonary signs. The positive rates of hemosiderin-laden macrophages in sputum, gastric lavage fluid, and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were 91.66%, 98.21%, and 100%, respectively. Seventy-nine patients were misdiagnosed. A total of 105 patients were initially treated with glucocorticoids, among whom 102 survived and three died. Among the followed up patients, two died and 32 survived, among whom 10 presented with recurrent episodes. Conclusions The classic triad of pediatric IPH is not always present. The rates of misdiagnosis and recurrence of IPH are high. Early recognition and adequate immunosuppressive therapy are imperative for improving prognosis of IPH.
Portrait Clinique des Adolescents en Traitement Pour une Utilisation Problématique d’Internet
Authors: Dufour Magali , Gagnon Sylvie R. , Nadeau Louise , Légaré Andrée-Anne , Laverdière Émélie 
Published: October 2018

Objectifs: La présente étude dresse le profil clinique des adolescents ayant consulté un centre de traitement de la dépendance (CTD) au Québec en raison d’une utilisation problématique d’Internet (UPI) afin de développer les connaissances sur cette clientèle spécifique et de cibler avec justesse leurs besoins par rapport au traitement. Méthode: L’étude est réalisée auprès de 80 adolescents âgés entre 14 et 17 ans (M = 15,59) ayant consulté un CTD pour une UPI. Les adolescents ont pris part à une entrevue qui documente les habitudes d’utilisation d’Internet et leurs conséquences, la concomitance de troubles de santé mentale, ainsi que les relations familiales et sociales. Résultats: L’échantillon est composé de 75 garçons (93,8%) et de 5 filles (6,3%), qui passaient en moyenne 55,8 heures (ET = 27,22) par semaine sur Internet pour des activités non-scolaires ou professionnelle. Près de la totalité de ces jeunes (97,5%) présente un trouble de santé mentale en concomitance et plus de 70% ont consulté dans la dernière année pour un problème psychologique. Les résultats indiquent que 92,6% estiment que leur utilisation d’internet nuit significativement à leur relation familiale et 50% à leurs relations sociales. Conclusions: Cette étude révèle les nombreuses difficultés vécues par les adolescents requérants un traitement pour leur UPI. La présence de troubles de santé mentale concomitants et de difficultés relationnelles chez ceux-ci renvoie à la nécessité de développer et implanter dans les CTD des évaluations et traitements intégrés qui ciblent non seulement les activités en ligne, mais également l’ensemble des sphères de vie pouvant être affectée par l’UPI. Implications Cliniques: – Les adolescents consultants pour l’UPI sont principalement des garçons qui rapportent une utilisation problématique des jeux vidéo. – La quasi-totalité des jeunes qui consultent pour l’UPI a en concomitance de problèmes de santé mentale et des difficultés sur le plan relationnel – L’étude met en évidence la nécessité d’offrir à cette clientèle des services d’évaluation et de traitement intégrés qui ciblent toutes les sphères de leur vie sont susceptibles d’être affectée, de contribuer ou de maintenir l’UPI. Limites: – Cette étude est réalisée auprès d’un échantillon de convenance et les résultats sont représentatifs des jeunes ayant consulté un centre de traitement pour la dépendance; la généralisation des résultats à l’ensemble des adolescents présentant une UPI est limitée. – Considérant que les manifestations de l’UPI sont sujettes à une influence culturelle, la portée de la présente étude se limite aux populations qui vivent dans une culture similaire à celle du Québec et du Canada.
An in vivo confocal microscopy study of corneal changes in pseudoexfoliation syndrome
Authors: Terracciano Luca , Cennamo Michela , Favuzza Eleonora , Julia Litasova , Caporossi Orsola , Mencucci Rita 
Published: October 2018

Purpose: To evaluate, through the in vivo confocal microscopy, the pathological changes of each corneal layer in eyes affected by pseudoexfoliation syndrome. Methods: We studied 40 eyes of 40 patients with diagnosis of unilateral senile cataract associated with pseudoexfoliation syndrome and 40 eyes of 40 control subjects with senile cataract without pseudoexfoliation syndrome. All patients underwent a complete ophthalmic examination including best corrected visual acuity, slit-lamp examination, corneal sensitivity measurement using a Cochet-Bonnet nylon thread esthesiometer, and anterior segment optical coherence tomography (Visante OCT, Carl Zeiss Meditec AG, Germany); in vivo confocal microscopy of corneal sections (endothelium, stroma, sub-basal nerve plexus, and superficial and basal epithelium) was performed with the ConfoScan 4.0 (Nidek, Japan). Results: In pseudoexfoliation syndrome group, the mean corneal sensitivity was 44.1 ± 1.3 mm and in the control group was 55.6 ± 4.7 mm. The corneas of the eyes with pseudoexfoliation syndrome were significantly less sensitive than those of control group eyes (p < 0.001). Pseudoexfoliation syndrome eyes had a lower nerve density and less nerve beadings and a higher degree of tortuosity in sub-basal plexus compared to the control group. The cell density of epithelial and endothelial layers was significantly lower in pseudoexfoliation syndrome eyes than controls. In 80% of pseudoexfoliation syndrome eyes, we found activated keratocytes and inflammatory cells in the anterior stroma. Conclusion: Our study demonstrates the morpho-structural corneal alterations in eyes affected by pseudoexfoliation syndrome, using corneal in vivo confocal microscopy as a non-invasive and high-reproducible technique to evaluate pathophysiology of each corneal layer; the sub-basal nerve plexus alterations are correlated with the lower corneal sensitivity.
Prospective evaluation of anesthetic protocols during pediatric ophthalmic surgery
Authors: Ducloyer Jean-Baptiste , Couret Chloé , Magne Cécile , Lejus-Bourdeau Corinne , Weber Michel , Le Meur Guylène , Lebranchu Pierre 
Published: October 2018

Purpose: To date, no protocol of anesthesia for pediatric ophthalmic surgery is unanimously recognized. The primary anesthetic risks are associated with strabismus surgery, including oculocardiac reflex, postoperative nausea and vomiting, and postoperative pain. Methods: This was a prospective, monocentric, observational study conducted in a tertiary pediatric ophthalmic unit. Our anesthetic protocol for strabismus surgery included postoperative nausea and vomiting prevention using dexamethasone and ondansetron. No drug-based prevention of oculocardiac reflex or local/locoregional anesthesia was employed. Results: A total of 106 pediatric ophthalmic surgeries completed between November 2015 and May 2016 were analyzed. The mean patient age was 4.4 (range: 0.2–7.3, standard deviation: 2.4) years. Ambulatory rate was 90%. Oculocardiac reflex incidence was 65% during strabismus surgery (34/52), 50% during congenital cataract surgery (4/8), 33% during intramuscular injection of botulinum toxin (1/3), and 0% during other procedures. No asystole occurred. Postoperative nausea and vomiting incidence was 9.6% after strabismus surgery (5/52) and 0% following the other procedures. One child was hospitalized for one night because of persistent postoperative nausea and vomiting. Postoperative pain generally occurred early on in the recovery room and was quickly controlled. Its incidence was higher in patients who underwent strabismus surgery (27%) than in those who underwent other procedures (9%). Conclusion: Morbidity associated with ophthalmic pediatric surgery is low and predominantly associated with strabismus surgery. The benefit–risk ratio and cost-effectiveness of oculocardiac reflex prevention should be questioned. Our postoperative nausea and vomiting rate is low, thanks to the use of a well-managed multimodal strategy. Early postoperative pain is usually well-treated but could probably be more effectively prevented.
Dynamics of testosterone levels in patients with newly detected glucose abnormalities and acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Wang Anne , Arver Stefan , Flanagan John , Gyberg Viveca , Näsman Per , Ritsinger Viveca , Mellbin Linda G 
Published: October 2018

Objective: Low testosterone has been associated with increased cardiovascular risk and glucose abnormalities. This study explored the prevalence of low testosterone, dynamics over time and prognostic implications in acute myocardial infarction patients with or without glucose abnormalities. Methods: Male acute myocardial infarction patients (n = 123) and healthy controls (n = 124) were categorised as having normal or abnormal glucose tolerance (impaired glucose tolerance or diabetes) by oral glucose tolerance testing. Testosterone was measured at hospital admission, discharge, 3 and 12 months thereafter in patients. Patients and controls were followed for 11 years for major cardiovascular events (cardiovascular death/acute myocardial infarction/stroke/severe heart failure). Results: At hospital admission, more patients had low testosterone (⩽300 ng/dl) and lower median levels than controls (64 vs 28%; p < 0.001 and 243 vs 380 ng/dl; p < 0.01). At the subsequent time points, testosterone had increased to 311, 345 and 357 ng/dl. Patients with abnormal glucose tolerance had the highest prevalence (75%) of low levels. In adjusted Cox regression models, neither total nor free testosterone predicted major cardiovascular events. Conclusion: Low testosterone levels were common in male acute myocardial infarction patients in the acute phase, especially in the presence of abnormal glucose tolerance, but increased over time indicating that testosterone measured in close proximity to acute myocardial infarction should be interpreted with caution.
Global Post-Market Clinical Follow-up of the Treovance Stent-Graft for Endovascular Aneurysm Repair: One-Year Results From the RATIONALE Registry
Authors: Uberoi Raman , Setacci Carlo , Lescan Mario , Lorido Antonio , Murray David , Szeberin Zoltán , Zubilewicz Tomasz , Riambau Vincent , Chartrungsan Angsu , Tessarek Jörg , Iłżecki Marek , Gortz Hartmuth , Thenholt Matthias , Fattoum Maher , Buz Semih , Cao Piergiorgio , Benevento Domenico , Palasciano Giancarlo , Abdallah Feras , Boyle John , Llagostera Pujol S. , Esteban Carlos , Mosquera Nilo , Sanus Enrique Aracil , Negreira Ignacio Iglesias , Raymakers J.T.F.J. , van Herwaarden Joost , Pitoulias Georgios , Kratimenos Theodoros , Wahlgren Carl Magnus , Forssell Claes , Fulton Greg , Lonn Lars , Pedersen Gustav , Vergara Jorge , Silva Manuel Espindola , Cheng Stephen Wing-Keung , Anh Phan Minh , Calderas Carlos David , Bohan Patrick 
Published: October 2018

Purpose: To evaluate the safety and performance of the Treovance stent-graft. Methods: The global, multicenter RATIONALE registry ( ClinicalTrials.gov; identifier NCT03449875) prospectively enrolled 202 patients (mean age 73.0±7.8 years; 187 men) with abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) suitable for endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) using the Treovance. The composite primary safety endpoint was site-reported all-cause mortality and major morbidity. The primary efficacy outcome was clinical success. Further outcomes evaluated included technical success; stent-graft migration, patency, and integrity; endoleak; and aneurysm size changes. Results: Technical success was 96% (194/202); 8 patients had unresolved type I endoleaks at the end of the procedure. There was no 30-day mortality and 1% major morbidity (1 myocardial infarction and 1 bowel ischemia). Clinical success at 1 year was confirmed in 194 (96%) patients; 6 of 8 patients had new/persistent endoleaks and 2 had aneurysm expansion without identified endoleak. A total of 8 (4%) reinterventions were required during the mean 13.7±3.1 months of follow-up (median 12.8). At 1 year, the Kaplan-Meier estimate for freedom from reintervention was 95.6% (95% CI 91.4% to 97.8%). Other estimates were 95.5% (95% CI 91.7% to 97.6%) for freedom from endoleak type I/III and 97.4% (95% CI 94.2% to 98.9%) for freedom from aneurysm expansion. Thirteen (6.4%) patients died; no death was aneurysm related. Conclusion: The RATIONALE registry showed favorable safety and clinical performance of the Treovance stent-graft for the treatment of infrarenal AAAs in a real-world setting.
Incidence of general surgical procedures in adult patients on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
Authors: Juthani Biren K , Macfarlan Jennifer , Wu James , Beman Scott , Misselbeck Timothy S 
Published: October 2018

Purpose Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation use may predispose patients to developing conditions that require either consultation with a general surgeon or a general surgical procedure. We aimed to evaluate the incidence and outcomes of adult extracorporeal membrane oxygenation patients who underwent general surgical procedure. Methods This was a single institution retrospective study of adult extracorporeal membrane oxygenation patients from 2012 to 2015. Outcomes were compared between patients who underwent general surgical procedure with those that did not. Results Of the 115 patients, 54 (46.9%) required a general surgeon while 42 (36.5%) required a general surgical procedure. No significant differences were observed in mortality (35.7% vs. 46.6%; p = 0.256) and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation-related complications (45.7% vs. 32.5%; p = 0.175). Patients with general surgical procedure had longer extracorporeal membrane oxygenation duration (13 vs. 5 days; p < 0.0001), longer length of stay (36 vs. 15 days; p = 0.0005), more wound infections (19.05% vs. 5.5%; p = 0.029), more urinary tract infections (38.1% vs. 10.96%; p = 0.0006), and more pulmonary emboli (19.05% vs. 5.48%; p = 0.029). In general surgical procedure patients, no difference in bleeding complications was observed regardless of anti-coagulation status (29.4% vs. 16%; p = 0.44). Conclusion Common general surgical procedures are safe and feasible in adult extracorporeal membrane oxygenation patients. Duration of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation was longer for patients requiring general surgical procedure. Despite the common use of anticoagulants, there was no increase in bleeding events in general surgical procedure patients.