bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sleep problems in adults with Down syndrome and their family carers
Authors: Stores Rebecca J. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractBackgroundSleep disturbance is common and can have harmful psychological and physical effects. While sleep problems in children with Down syndrome (DS) have received a reasonable amount of attention, very little has been written about this topic in adults with DS.MethodThe present study consisted of an online survey completed by 100 family carers of adults with DS.ResultsHigh rates of sleep problems of different types were reported in the adults with DS comparable to those found in children with DS in previous research. Significant associations were found between sleep problems and body mass index, excessive daytime sleepiness and a range of health and psychological problems. Low rates of treatments for sleep problems were reported. The majority of family caregivers felt their own sleep was affected.ConclusionsSleep problems in adults with DS are common and varied. Assessment and treatment of such problems are likely to improve quality of life.
MicroRNA‐302c modulates peritoneal dialysis‐associated fibrosis by targeting connective tissue growth factor
Authors: Li Xiejia , Liu Hong , Sun Lin , Zhou Xun , Yuan Xinke , Chen Yusa , Liu Fuyou , Liu Yu , Xiao Li 
Published: January 2019

AbstractLong‐term peritoneal dialysis (PD) can lead to the induction of mesothelial/epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (MMT/EMT) and fibrosis; these effects eventually result in ultrafiltration failure and the discontinuation of PD. MicroRNA‐302c (miR‐302c) is believed to be involved in regulating tumour cell growth and metastasis by suppressing MMT, but the effect of miR‐302c on MMT in the context of PD is unknown. MiR‐302c levels were measured in mesothelial cells isolated from the PD effluents of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis patients. After miR‐302c overexpression using lentivirus, human peritoneal mesothelial cell line (HMrSV5) and PD mouse peritoneum were treated with TGF‐β1 or high glucose peritoneal dialysate respectively. MiR‐302c expression level and MMT‐related factors alteration were observed. In addition, fibrosis of PD mouse peritoneum was alleviated by miR‐302c overexpression. Furthermore, the expression of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) was negatively related by miR‐302c, and LV‐miR‐302c reversed the up‐regulation of CTGF induced by TGF‐β1. These data suggest that there is a novel TGF‐β1/miR‐302c/CTGF pathway that plays a significant role in the process of MMT and fibrosis during PD. MiR‐302c might be a potential biomarker for peritoneal fibrosis and a novel therapeutic target for protection against peritoneal fibrosis in PD patients.
Altitude affects the distribution and abundance of two non‐native insect pests of the common walnut
Authors: Poggetti Luca , Raranciuc Steluta , Chiabà Cristina , Vischi Massimo , Zandigiacomo Pietro 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe leaf miner Coptodisca lucifluella and the carpophagous Rhagoletis completa, of American origin, are two non‐native walnut (Juglans spp.) pests in Italy. For the Friuli Venezia Giulia region (FVG) (N‐E Italy), C. lucifluella is not yet listed, while R. completa has been present for over 25 years. During 2015, samples of leaves and fruits were collected from 219 single old common walnut trees (Juglans regia) placed at different altitudes (0–1,073 m a.s.l.) in FVG to detect the distribution and abundance of both pests. Samples of leaf miner larvae and their parasitoids were subjected to mitochondrial DNA analysis for identification. C. lucifluella has been found in 55 out of 219 sites. The species has been identified by typical leaf symptoms and by its DNA barcode. This is the first report of the species for FVG. The leaf miner distribution was negatively correlated with altitude. The species has not been observed at sites over 600 m a.s.l. Larvae were parasitized by native parasitoids identified as belonging to the genus Chrysocharis by morphological features and by DNA barcode. R. completa has been found in 89 out of 165 sites on walnut trees with fruits. The infestation level was very high in lowland localities. At sites over 700 m a.s.l., no infestation was found. Both species are widespread in the region, and their occurrence is significantly affected by altitude. Data suggest that walnut trees could be cultivated in some mountain areas without the need to control R. completa with insecticides.
Effect of catecholamine stress hormones (dopamine and norepinephrine) on growth, swimming motility, biofilm formation and virulence factors of Yersinia ruckeri in vitro and an in vivo evaluation in rainbow trout
Authors: Torabi Delshad Somayeh , Soltanian Siyavash , Sharifiyazdi Hassan , Bossier Peter 
Published: January 2019

AbstractIn this study, we evaluated the impact of the catecholamines on growth, swimming motility, biofilm formation and some virulence factors activities of pathogenic Yersinia ruckeri. Norepinephrine and dopamine (at 100 µM) significantly increased the growth of Y. ruckeri in culture media containing serum. An increase in swimming motility of the pathogen was found following the exposure to the hormones; however, no effect was seen on caseinase, phospholipase and haemolysin productions. Further, antagonists for the catecholamine receptors were observed to block some of the influences of the catecholamines. Indeed, the effects of catecholamines were inhibited by chlorpromazine (the dopaminergic receptor antagonist) for dopamine, labetalol (α‐and β‐adrenergic receptor antagonist) and phenoxybenzamine (the α‐adrenergic receptor antagonist) for norepinephrine, but propranolol (the β‐adrenergic receptor antagonist) showed no effect. Pretreatment of Y. ruckeri with the catecholamines resulted in a significant enhancement of its virulence towards rainbow trout and the antagonists could neutralize the effect of the stress hormones in vivo. In summary, our results show that the catecholamines increase the virulence of Y. ruckeri which is pathogenic to trout through increasing the motility, biofilm formation and growth.
WHAT DRIVES INVESTMENT FLOWS INTO SOCIAL TRADING PORTFOLIOS?
Authors: Röder Florian , Walter Andreas 
Published: January 2019

AbstractWe investigate investment flows into more than 5,300 social trading portfolios that are issued as structured products and are tradable at a regular exchange. We find that investment flows chase past performance. However, in contrast to mutual fund flows, the flow–performance relation exists nearly exclusively for the best performing social trading portfolios. Flows follow raw returns rather than factor model alphas. Additionally, flows are highly persistent. Finally, social trading portfolios with higher visibility on the web page of the social trading platform as well as traders communicating actively to investors via public comments attract higher inflows.
Detection of submerged fermentation of Tremella aurantialba using data fusion of electronic nose and tongue
Authors: Dai Chunxia , Huang Xingyi , Huang Daming , Lv Riqin , Sun Jun , Zhang Zhicai , Ma Mei , Aheto Joshua Harrington 
Published: January 2019

AbstractIn this study, a fusion model to combine electronic nose and electronic tongue was developed to detect submerged fermentation of Tremella aurantialba (T. aurantialba). Three chemical indicators of T. aurantialba fermentation were detected by traditional measuring methods as a comparison, including ergosterol content, reducing sugar content and polysaccharide content. Principal component analysis (PCA) and layer fusion in the feature were applied on electronic nose and electronic tongue data. Support vector machine regression (SVR) model was established for quantitative determination of the three chemical indicators. The SVR model was combined with PCA for testing of ergosterol content, reducing sugar content, and polysaccharide content. The correlation coefficient of the test set for ergosterol content, reducing sugar content, and polysaccharide content were 0.9946, 0.9945, and 0.9934, respectively. The root mean square error of prediction of the models for the three indicators were 2.7765 μg/mL, 29.1405 mg/mL, and 0.4858 mg/mL, respectively. The results proved that the combined system could be used to predict the ergosterol content, reducing sugar content, and polysaccharide content during submerged fermentation of T. aurantialba. In conclusion, detection of T. aurantialba fermentation based on electronic nose and electronic tongue technologies achieved satisfactory results and, therefore, offers broad application prospects in the liquid state industry.Practical applicationsThe fermentation broth of T. aurantialba has a variety of pharmacological effects. The submerged fermentation of T. aurantialba is very complex. The existing detection technology needs a cumbersome process of sample preparation and costs a lot of time, which cannot meet the need of rapid detection. Electronic nose combined with electronic tongue could detect the odor and taste changes during the T. aurantialba fermentation quickly. The fusion techniques showed good performances in the quantitation of the main indicators of T. aurantialba. The method can be used to determine the state of fermentation instead of the traditional methods. It further improves the accuracy and scientificity of quantitative evaluation for T. aurantialba fermentation. Data fusion technique to combine electronic nose and electronic tongue could be applied in the liquid state fermentation industry in the future.
Study of electrochemically treated walnut emulsion and its stability
Authors: Liu Xin , Wang Xu , Yu Changhua , Jiang Lianzhou , Yu Dianyu , Wang Liqi , Elfalleh Walid 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe oil‐containing walnut flour has limited applications since it is easily oxidized and deteriorated. In the present study, walnut cake with a fat content of 16.3% was used as a raw material for by‐products making following an hydraulic process. The walnut cake was crushed to 20 meshes and mixed with water at a ratio of 1:4. The mixtures were ground and filtered. Then, the filtrates were homogenized at 80 MPa pressure. The walnut emulsions were pumped into the solid polymer electrochemical reaction chamber at a speed of 35 mL/min, the temperature was controlled at 60 °C, the current density of the direct current was 0.08 A/cm2, and the time of cycle reaction was 90 min. After electrochemical treatment, the iodine values of fats in walnut emulsions were reduced from 140 to 92 g I2/100 g oil. The nitrogen solubility index of walnut emulsion has improved by 4.6% at 30 °C. Storing the oil‐containing walnut flour for 24 weeks, the peroxide value was reduced to 5.64 meq O2/kg oil compared to the nonelectrochemical treated oil (10.52 meq O2/kg oil). These results indicate that the electrochemical treatment enhances the stability of the oil‐containing walnut flour.Practical applicationsIn the present study, fats from walnut cake were used for by‐products making following a hydraulic process. The electrochemical hydrogenation reduced the iodine values of fats in walnut emulsions. Based on the current funding, the oxidation stability of oil‐containing walnut flour was improved significantly. The trans fatty acids of electrochemical‐treated oil‐containing walnut flour was only 1.6%. A portion of the protein was electrolytically reduced. The nitrogen solubility index of oil‐containing walnut flour increased and improved the quality of the final products. The electrochemical hydrogenation improved significantly the stability of oil‐containing walnut flour and can be further applied for industrial purposes.
Heterogeneity in the Health and Functional Capacity of Adults Aged 85+ as Risk for Mortality
Authors: Burns Richard A. , French Davina , Luszcz Mary , Kendig Hal L. , Anstey Kaarin J. 
Published: January 2019

OBJECTIVESTo examine whether older adults aged 85+, with different health and functional capacities, cluster in different ways and to demonstrate whether individuals within particular clusters report differential mortality risk.DESIGNRetrospective cohort study.SETTINGThe Dynamic Analyses to Optimize Aging (DYNOPTA) project is a harmonization project of nine Australian longitudinal surveys of health and well‐being in adults aged 50+ between 1991 and 2006.PARTICIPANTSParticipants were 685 older adults (female = 52%) living in the community and aged 85 to 103 at baseline who were followed until death or December 31, 2006, for survivors.MEASUREMENTLatent class analysis (LCA) analyzed self‐reported information on physical health, mental health, and functional capacity to define homogeneous classes based on probable cognitive impairment and depression status, medical conditions, and number of activities of daily living and instrumental activities of daily living.RESULTSLCA discriminated four classes reflecting two main survival patterns. Two classes reported half the median survival days; differences between these classes were related to high vs moderate depression and extent of functional limitations. Two classes reported better survival; differences between these classes were related to functional limitations, but both had low proportions with depression and dementia. The classes with shorter survival were associated with substantively higher rates of depression and dementia.CONCLUSIONHigher rates of baseline depression and dementia were unique characteristics of those individuals in the clusters that reported shorter survival. However, a substantial proportion of very old adults experience good mental health with better survival outcomes. J Am Geriatr Soc 67:1036–1042, 2019.
Facilitated Peer Mentorship to Support Aging Research: A RE‐AIM Evaluation of the CoMPAdRE Program
Authors: Masterson Creber Ruth M. , Baldwin Matthew R. , Brown Patrick J. , Rao Maya K. , Goyal Parag , Hummel Scott , Dodson John A. , Helmke Stephen , Maurer Mathew S. 
Published: January 2019

BACKGROUNDThe need for mentorship in aging research among postdoctoral trainees and junior faculty across medical disciplines and subspecialties is increasing, yet senior personnel with expertise in aging are lacking to fulfill the traditional dyadic mentorship role. Facilitated peer mentorship is grounded in collaborative work among peers with the guidance of a senior mentor.METHODS AND RESULTSWe evaluated the Columbia University Mentor Peer Aging Research (CoMPAdRE) program, an interprofessional facilitated peer mentorship program for early stage investigators, using the Reach Effectiveness Adoption Implementation and Maintenance framework (RE‐AIM). Reach: A total of 15 participants, of which 20% were women, from five states and across six medical specialties participated. Effectiveness: Participants published 183 papers, of which more than 20% were collaborative papers between CoMPAdRE mentees or mentees‐mentor. Participants reported developing skills in negotiation, navigating the academic role, organizing a seminar, management, and leadership over the course of the program. According to the qualitative findings, the most important components of the program included alignment around the aging, learning from national leaders, developing leadership skills and career networking. Adoption: Individual‐level factors included selecting participants with a research track record, willingness to sign a compact of commitment and involvement in shaping the program. An institutional‐level factor that facilitated program adoption included strong commitment from department leaders. Implementation: The program cost $3,259 per participant. Maintenance: CoMPAdRE is being maintained and currently incorporating a second cohort of mentees.CONCLUSIONThis RE‐AIM evaluation provides lessons learned and strategies for future adoption, implementation, and maintenance of an aging‐focused facilitated peer mentorship program. J Am Geriatr Soc 67:804–810, 2019.
Comparison of cone‐beam computed tomography and panoramic imaging in assessing the relationship between posterior maxillary tooth roots and the maxillary sinus: A systematic review
Authors: Kirkham‐Ali Kate , La Madeleine , Sher Judd , Sholapurkar Amar 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe objective of the present systematic review was to analyze research articles that compare the accuracy of panoramic imaging to cone‐beam computed tomography (CBCT) in assessing the relationship between posterior maxillary tooth roots and the maxillary sinus. A comprehensive literature search was conducted using various databases. Initial searching yielded 64 results, and after exclusion, five full‐text articles were eligible. All were cohort studies, and the CBCT and panoramic images were either obtained from a pre‐existing database or patients were recruited specifically for the study. Analysis showed that a panoramic image is sufficient for accurately detecting when the roots are at distinct distance from the sinus. However, if the roots are either laterally or medially projecting over the sinus and “just touching” it, panoramic images generally misinterpret this position, and instead make the root appear to be in the sinus. There were mixed results for when the root tip penetrates the sinus. Some studies claimed there was high agreeance between both modalities in this situation, while others had a low level of agreeance. In these situations, ordering a CBCT should be strongly considered to properly assess oral surgery risk with regard to maxillary posterior teeth.
Platelet‐rich plasma and microneedling improves hair growth in patients ofandrogenetic alopecia when used as an adjuvant to minoxidil
Authors: Jha Abhijeet Kumar , Vinay Keshavamurthy , Zeeshan Md , Roy Prasoon Kumar , Chaudhary R. K. P. , Priya Aditi 
Published: January 2019

SummaryBackgroundPlatelet‐rich plasma (PRP) is a popular procedure for the treatment of androgenetic alopecia (AGA).AimTo ascertain the role of minoxidil 5% lotion alone versus minoxidil 5% lotion and PRP versus minoxidil 5% lotion, PRP with microneedling in AGA.Material and methodsNinety‐three AGA patients with Hamilton‐Norwood score 1‐5 were grouped into three groups A, B, and C. Patients in group A (control group) were treated with minoxidil 5% lotion twice daily (n = 31), whereas patients in group B underwent treatment with minoxidil 5% lotion twice daily and PRP (n = 31), and group C patients received minoxidil 5% lotion twice daily, PRP, and microneedling (n = 31). Baseline and post‐treatment photographs were taken along with dermoscopic evaluation. Selection of the dermoscopic variables included in the evaluation process was based on the published literature and dermoscopists’ expertise and experience. Hair pull test was performed before and during follow‐up.ResultsPost‐treatment, hair pull test was negative in 27 patients (87.1%, P < 0.01) of group C, 20 patients (64.5%, P < 0.05) of group B, and 15 patients (48.4%) of group A. Hair growth was better appreciated in group C (26/31) compared to groups B (17/31)and A (10/31).The patients’ self‐satisfaction score on a Likert scale was more than seven (high satisfaction) in 24/31 patients in group C. There was a statistically significant difference between three groups in terms of hair pull test, terminal‐to‐vellus hair ratio, and patient satisfaction score as determined by one‐way ANOVA.ConclusionPRP with microneedling is better in comparison with PRP alone or minoxidil monotherapy in patients with AGA.
Does Openness to Experience matter in love and work? Domain, facet, and developmental evidence from a 24‐year longitudinal study
Authors: Schwaba Ted , Robins Richard W. , Grijalva Emily , Bleidorn Wiebke 
Published: January 2019

AbstractObjectiveAlthough numerous studies have demonstrated that personality traits predict important love and work outcomes, there is mixed evidence for the relevance of Openness to Experience to love and work. We sought to better understand the long‐term consequences of Openness in these two domains.MethodWe examined the associations between Openness and 51 love and work outcomes using data from a 24‐year longitudinal study of UC Berkeley students (N = 497) followed from the beginning of college into midlife. Using latent growth curve modeling, we examined whether Openness levels and change in Openness from college to midlife were associated with downstream love and work outcomes. Additionally, we tested whether three facets of Openness (intellectual interests, aesthetic interests, and unconventionality) had differential associations with outcomes.ResultsAlthough stable levels of Openness predicted few work or love outcomes, individual differences in Openness change were associated with delayed romantic commitment and some career outcomes. In addition, there were significant differences among facets of Openness: intellectual interests were highly associated with educational outcomes, whereas aesthetic interests and unconventionality predicted nontraditional career motivations.ConclusionsWe situate these results in past research on real‐world consequences of personality traits and discuss implications for theory and future research.
Asymmetric Information in Automobile Insurance: Evidence From Driving Behavior
Authors: Geyer Alois , Kremslehner Daniela , Muermann Alexander 
Published: January 2019

AbstractBased on a unique data set of driving behavior we test whether private information in driving characteristics has significant effects on contract choice and risk in automobile insurance. We define a driving factor based on overall distance driven, number of car rides, and speeding. Using local weather conditions, we account for the endogeneity of the driving factor. While this driving factor has an effect on risk, there is no significant evidence for selection effects in the level of third‐party liability and first‐party insurance coverage.
Adding color to a century‐old enigma: multi‐color chromosome identification unravels the autotriploid nature of saffron (Crocus sativus) as a hybrid of wild Crocus cartwrightianus cytotypes
Authors: Schmidt Thomas , Heitkam Tony , Liedtke Susan , Schubert Veit , Menzel Gerhard 
Published: January 2019

Summary

Saffron crocus (Crocus sativus) is the source of the most expensive spice of the world, produced from manually harvested stigmas, thus serving as a cash crop for rural communities. However, despite its economic importance, its genome and chromosomes are poorly studied. C. sativus is a sterile triploid species harboring eight chromosome triplets, and propagated only as a clonal lineage by corms. Saffron's evolutionary origin, parental species and allo‐ or autotriploidy has been a matter of discussion for almost a century.

We performed a survey sequencing of the saffron genome and selected cytogenetic landmark sequences consisting of major tandem repeats, which we used as probes in comparative multicolor fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH).

We tagged 92 chromosomal positions and resolved the chromosomal composition of saffron triplets. By comparative FISH of six Crocus species from 11 accessions, we demonstrate that C. sativus is an autotriploid hybrid derived from heterogeneous Crocus cartwrightianus cytotypes.

The FISH reference karyotype of saffron is crucial for integrating genome sequencing data with chromosomes and for investigating the relationship among Crocus species. We provide an evolutionary model of the saffron emergence; the knowledge of the parental origin offers a route towards the resynthesis of C. sativus from C. cartwrightianus to broaden saffron's gene pool.