bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Complications of Total Hip Arthroplasty in Patients With Ankylosing Spondylitis
Authors: Ward Michael M. 
Published: April 2018

ObjectiveTo compare the risks of complications of primary total hip arthroplasty (THA) between patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and those without AS.MethodsIn this population‐based study, we examined data from 1999 to 2013 of US Medicare beneficiaries (ages <75 years old) with AS and a comparison group without AS who had undergone primary THA. Complications were based on the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services 2013 THA Complication Measure, which included myocardial infarction, pneumonia, or sepsis within 7 days; surgical site bleeding, pulmonary embolus, or venous thrombosis within 30 days; or mechanical complications or local infection within 90 days. Mortality within 90 days, revision arthroplasty within 1 year, long length of stay, discharge to a care facility, and readmission within 90 days were also examined.ResultsThe study included 2,773 patients with AS and 107,341 patients without AS who had THA. Perioperative complications, 30‐day complications, and local infections were rare in both groups (<1%). Mechanical complications and revision arthroplasty were uncommon in both groups. Ninety‐day mortality was lower among patients with AS than those without AS (0.36% versus 0.7%). Patients with AS were more likely to be discharged to a care facility, and slightly more likely to have a long length of stay. Likelihood of a long stay was lower at hospitals that performed ≥100 THAs per year, but other complications were not associated with hospital volume.ConclusionComplications after primary THA are uncommon in patients with AS and similar in frequency to those without AS. Ninety‐day mortality was lower among patients with AS.
Modulating Surface Potential by Controlling the β Phase Content in Poly(vinylidene fluoridetrifluoroethylene) Membranes Enhances Bone Regeneration
Authors: Zhang Chenguang , Liu Wenwen , Cao Cen , Zhang Fengyi , Tang Qingming , Ma Siqin , Zhao JiaJia , Hu Li , Shen Yang , Chen Lili 
Published: April 2018

AbstractBioelectricity plays a vital role in living organisms. Although electrical stimulation is introduced in the field of bone regeneration, the concept of a dose–response relationship between surface potential and osteogenesis is not thoroughly studied. To optimize the osteogenic properties of different surface potentials, a flexible piezoelectric membrane, poly(vinylidene fluoridetrifluoroethylene) [P(VDF‐TrFE)], is fabricated by annealing treatment to control its β phases. The surface potential and piezoelectric coefficients (d33) of the membranes can be regulated by increasing β phase contents. Compared with d33 = 20 pC N−1 (surface potential = −78 mV) and unpolarized membranes, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM‐MSCs) cultured on the d33 = 10 pC N−1 (surface potential = −53 mV) membranes have better osteogenic properties. In vivo, d33 = 10 pC N−1 membranes result in rapid bone regeneration and complete mature bone‐structure formation. BM‐MSCs on d33 = 10 pC N−1 membranes have the lowest reactive oxygen species level and the highest mitochondrial membrane electric potential, implying that these membranes provide the best electrical qunantity for BM‐MSCs’ proliferation and energy metabolism. This study establishes an effective method to control the surface potential of P(VDF‐Trfe) membranes and highlights the importance of optimized electrical stimulation in bone regeneration.
Electrodimerization of N‐Alkoxyamides for Zinc(II) Catalyzed Phenolic Ester Synthesis under Mild Reaction Conditions
Authors: Subramanian Kripa , Yedage Subhash L. , Bhanage Bhalchandra M. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractAn electrochemical On‐Off method for phenolic ester synthesis from N‐alkoxyamides has been reported. This one‐pot protocol begins with rapid and selective electrodimerization of the amide using n‐Bu4NI (TBAI) as an electrocatalyst. The reaction proceeds further in the absence of current via Zn catalyzed C−N bond activation of the amide dimer followed by its coupling with phenol to form the ester. The present methodology is ligand‐free and takes place under mild reaction conditions. This transformation incorporates a wide variety of phenols and amide substrates leading to the formation of functionalized esters highlighting its versatility.magnified image
Cu(I)‐Ming‐phos Catalyzed Enantioselective [3+2] Cycloadditions of Glycine ketimines to β‐Trifluoromethyl Enones
Authors: Liu Bing , Zhang Zhan‐Ming , Xu Bing , Xu Shan , Wu Hai‐Hong , Zhang Junliang 
Published: April 2018

AbstractA catalytic asymmetric [3+2] cycloaddition of glycine ketimines with β‐CF3 β,β‐disubstituted enones was realized in the presence of a chiral copper(I)/Ming‐Phos complex. This method provides an access to construct highly functionalized pyrrolidines bearing three contiguous stereocenters, which including a trifluoromethylated all‐carbon quaternary stereocenter. The features of this reaction include high chemo‐, diastereo‐, enantioselectivity (up to >20:1 cr, >20:1 dr, 98% ee), readily available starting materials, well functional‐group tolerance and mild reaction conditions. Control experiments demonstrate that the fluoro‐substituent is crucial for the reactivity.magnified image
Polyamidoamine‐Based Hydrogel for Removal of Blue and Red Dyes from Wastewater
Authors: Rizzi Vito , Fiorini Federica , Lamanna Giuseppe , Gubitosa Jennifer , Prasetyanto Eko Adi , Fini Paola , Fanelli Fiorenza , Nacci Angelo , De Cola Luisa , Cosma Pinalysa 
Published: April 2018

AbstractOne of the major problems related to the use of dyes in industrial applications is their elimination from the water or soil and eventually their recovery and reutilization. In this context, a new biocompatible material, previously considered suitable for biomedical applications, is presented for the first time, as an innovative adsorbent material for wastewater treatment. A polyamidoamine‐based hydrogel, prepared by Michael‐type polyaddition in water, is used for efficiently adsorbing two anionic toxic textile dyes from aqueous solutions. Several parameters affecting the adsorption process, such as the pH of solutions containing dyes, the amount of hydrogel and dyes, and the effect of temperature, are investigated. Moreover, the hydrogel dehydration and swollen conditions by using dye water solution are studied by Thermo‐Gravimetry (TG) and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) analyses, finding that the dehydration temperature plays a relevant role in determining the subsequent adsorbing behavior. The material characterization shows that the adsorption process can be attributed to a combination of electrostatic attraction and intermolecular interactions between hydrogel functional groups and the dye molecules. Visible absorption spectroscopy and Fourier Transform InfraRed‐Attenuated Total Reflectance (FTIR‐ATR) support the findings. The kinetics of the dye adsorption process are also evaluated, together with the adsorption isotherms.
Compartmentalized Microhelices Prepared via Electrohydrodynamic Cojetting
Authors: Gil Manjae , Moon Seongjun , Yoon Jaewon , Rhamani Sahar , Shin Jae‐Won , Lee Kyung Jin , Lahann Joerg 
Published: April 2018

AbstractAnisotropically compartmentalized microparticles have attracted increasing interest in areas ranging from sensing, drug delivery, and catalysis to microactuators. Herein, a facile method is reported for the preparation of helically decorated microbuilding blocks, using a modified electrohydrodynamic cojetting method. Bicompartmental microfibers are twisted in situ, during electrojetting, resulting in helical microfibers. Subsequent cryosectioning of aligned fiber bundles provides access to helically decorated microcylinders. The unique helical structure endows the microfibers/microcylinders with several novel functions such as translational motion in response to rotating magnetic fields. Finally, microspheres with helically patterned compartments are obtained after interfacially driven shape shifting of helically decorated microcylinders.
Chiral DNA Origami Nanotubes with Well‐Defined and Addressable Inside and Outside Surfaces
Authors: Benn Florence , Haley Natalie E. C. , Lucas Alexandra E. , Silvester Emma , Helmi Seham , Schreiber Robert , Bath Jonathan , Turberfield Andrew J. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractWe report the design and assembly of chiral DNA nanotubes with well‐defined and addressable inside and outside surfaces. We demonstrate that the outside surface can be functionalised with a chiral arrangement of gold nanoparticles to create a plasmonic device and that the inside surface can be functionalised with a track for a molecular motor allowing transport of a cargo within the central cavity.
Indolylbenzimidazole‐based ligands catalyze the coupling of arylboronic acids with aryl halides
Authors: Wang Meng‐Pei , Chiu Chien‐Cheng , Lu Ta‐Jung , Lee Dong‐Sheng 
Published: April 2018

A novel class of compounds bearing indole and benzimidazole rings was designed and easily synthesized from 2‐indolecarboxylic acid and o‐phenylenediamine. The catalytic system derived from a 2‐indolylbenzimidazole‐based ligand and Pd(OAc)2 in situ could lead to complete conversion of aryl bromides at 0.5 mol% Pd loading under mild reaction conditions. In the presence of a catalyst, sterically hindered biaryls were selectively generated in excellent yields by adjusting reaction parameters through the coupling of arylboronic acids with aryl halides. The efficiency of this reaction was demonstrated by its compatibility with various functional groups.
A model for water vapor permeability reduction in poly(lactic acid) and nanoclay nanocomposites
Authors: Tang Man Chio , Agarwal Sushant , Alsewailem Fares D. , Choi Hyoung J. , Gupta Rakesh K. 
Published: April 2018

ABSTRACTPoly(lactic acid) (PLA) is used in packaging applications, but its moisture barrier properties are inferior to poly(ethylene terephthalate) and polystyrene. One objective of the study was to improve these by dispersing nanoclay in PLA. It was found that Cloisite 30B nanoclay showed the best dispersion based on both permeability and transmission electron microscopy results. Compression molded nanocomposite films were amorphous, and moisture permeability measurements revealed that, at the highest loading level of 5.3 vol % organoclay, permeability was reduced by 69% compared to neat PLA. Additionally, independent experiments demonstrated that moisture solubility in the polymer remains unchanged even as solubility in the nanocomposite increases with increasing clay content. A second objective was to explain the measured permeability reduction. A new model is proposed where both the mass flux and area for mass transfer are reduced due to a tortuous path around the impermeable barriers. It is shown that the permeability decreases by a factor of
where h/t is the aspect ratio of the nanoplatelets, and ϕ is their volume fraction. Model predictions agree quantitatively with the measured permeability values when data are obtained as a function of filler volume fraction, temperature of measurement, and the concentration driving force. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 46506.
Study of denaturation and composition‐dependent poly(ethylene oxide)–soy protein interactions: Structures and dielectric polarization
Authors: Zheng Zhuoyuan , Ma Da , Rashidi Soheil , Li Bin 
Published: April 2018

ABSTRACTThe significance of aggregated protein structures in tuning structures and dielectric polarization of poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO)/soy protein isolate (SPI) films was studied. The aggregated protein structures, subjected to denaturation processes, are expected to alter polymer–protein interactions, leading to diverse material structures, and properties. However, this is still insufficiently understood. In this study, SPI was modified via different denaturation processes including heat, sonication, and pH‐control. According to structural analysis with scanning electron microscope, fluorescence imaging, X‐ray diffraction, and Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy, both denaturation conditions and SPI content affected PEO–SPI interactions, producing distinctive microstructures of PEO and SPI phases, which subsequently caused different dielectric properties in ferroelectric analysis. Particularly, sonication treated‐SPI distinguished itself by generating a unique parabolic‐like composition dependence of dielectric polarization, in contrast to other modified SPIs. Polymer/protein blends have shown great potential in biomedical and electronic applications, which will be further benefited by the findings in this study. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 46561.
Identification and characterization of two novel C‐type lectins from the larvae of housefly, Musca domestica L.
Authors: Zhou Jing , Fang Nai‐ Nai , Zheng Ya , Liu Kai‐ Yu , Mao Bin , Kong Li‐ Na , Chen Ya , Ai Hui 
Published: April 2018

AbstractLectins and antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are widely distributed in various insects and play crucial roles in primary host defense against pathogenic microorganisms. Two AMPs (cecropin and attacin) have been identified and characterized in the larvae of housefly. In this study, two novel C‐type lectins (CTLs) were obtained from Musca domestica, while their agglutinating and antiviral properties were evaluated. Real‐time PCR analysis showed that the mRNA levels of four immune genes (MdCTL1, MdCTL2, Cecropin, and Attacin) from M. domestica were significantly upregulated after injection with killed Gram‐negative Escherichia coli. Moreover, purified MdCTL1‐2 proteins can agglutinate E. coli and Staphylococcus aureus in the presence of calcium ions, suggesting their immune function is Ca2+ dependent. Sequence analysis indicated that typical WND and QPD motifs were found in the Ca2+‐binding site 2 of carbohydrate recognition domain from MdCTL1‐2, which was consistent with their agglutinating activities. Subsequently, antiviral experiments indicated that MdCTL1‐2 proteins could significantly reduce the infection rate of Spodoptera frugiperda 9 cells by the baculovirus Autographa californica multicapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus, indicating they might play important roles in insect innate immunity against microbial pathogens. In addition, MdCTL1‐2 proteins could effectively inhibit the replication of influenza H1N1 virus, which was similar to the effect of ribavirin. These results suggested that two novel CTLs could be considered a promising drug candidate for the treatment of influenza. Moreover, it is believed that the discovery of the CTLs with antiviral effects in M. domestica will improve our understanding of the molecular mechanism of insect immune response against viruses.
Adalimumab‐Based Treatment Versus Disease‐Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs for Venous Thrombosis in Behçet's Syndrome
Authors: Emmi Giacomo , Vitale Antonio , Silvestri Elena , Boddi Maria , Becatti Matteo , Fiorillo Claudia , Fabiani Claudia , Frediani Bruno , Emmi Lorenzo , Di Scala Gerardo , Goldoni Matteo , Bettiol Alessandra , Vaglio Augusto , Cantarini Luca , Prisco Domenico 
Published: April 2018

ObjectiveSince Behçet's syndrome (BS) is the prototype of inflammation‐induced thrombosis, immunosuppressants are recommended in place of anticoagulants. We undertook this study to assess the clinical efficacy and the corticosteroid‐sparing effect of adalimumab (ADA)–based treatment versus disease‐modifying antirheumatic drug (DMARD) therapy in a large retrospective cohort of patients with BS‐related venous thrombosis.MethodsWe retrospectively collected data on 70 BS patients treated with DMARDs or ADA‐based regimens (ADA with or without DMARDs) because of venous complications. Clinical and imaging evaluations were performed to define vascular response. We explored differences in outcomes between ADA‐based regimens and DMARDs with respect to efficacy, corticosteroid‐sparing role, and time on treatment. We also evaluated the role of anticoagulants as concomitant treatment.ResultsAfter a mean ± SD follow‐up period of 25.7 ± 23.2 months, ADA‐based regimens induced clinical and imaging improvement of venous thrombosis more frequently (P = 0.001) and rapidly (P < 0.0001) than did DMARDs. The mean dose of corticosteroids administered at the last follow‐up visit was significantly lower with ADA‐based regimens than with DMARDs (P < 0.0001). The time on treatment was significantly longer with ADA plus DMARDs than with DMARDs alone (P = 0.002). No differences were found in terms of efficacy and time on treatment between DMARDs or ADA‐based regimens among patients who received anticoagulants and those who did not.ConclusionIn this large retrospective study, we have shown that ADA‐based regimens are more effective and rapid than DMARDs in inducing resolution of venous thrombosis in BS patients, allowing reduction of steroid exposure. Moreover, our findings suggest that anticoagulation does not modify the efficacy of either ADA‐based regimens or DMARDs for venous complications.
Inhibitory Regulation of Skin Fibrosis in Systemic Sclerosis by Apelin/APJ Signaling
Authors: Yokoyama Yoko , Sekiguchi Akiko , Fujiwara Chisako , Uchiyama Akihiko , Uehara Akihito , Ogino Sachiko , Torii Ryoko , Ishikawa Osamu , Motegi Sei‐ichiro 
Published: April 2018

ObjectiveApelin/APJ signaling has been determined to regulate cardiac and arterial fibrosis and to be involved in the pathogenesis of pulmonary arterial hypertension. Our objective was to elucidate the role of apelin in skin fibrosis in systemic sclerosis (SSc).MethodsExpression of apelin/APJ in normal and SSc fibroblasts was compared. Effects of small interfering RNA depletion and the addition of apelin in fibroblasts were analyzed. The effect of apelin injections on bleomycin‐induced dermal fibrosis in mice was investigated. We analyzed the effects of the biased agonist of APJ, MM07, on skin fibrosis in vitro and in vivo.ResultsThe expression of apelin in SSc fibroblasts was significantly lower than that in normal fibroblasts. Serum apelin levels were negatively correlated with the modified Rodnan skin thickness score in SSc patients. Stimulation with transforming growth factor β1 (TGFβ1) inhibited apelin expression in fibroblasts, suggesting that activation of TGFβ1 signaling in SSc might be responsible for reduced apelin expression in SSc fibroblasts. Small interfering RNA depletion of apelin from fibroblasts significantly enhanced fibrosis‐related gene expression, and treatment with apelin protein significantly inhibited TGFβ1 signaling in fibroblasts. Administration of apelin significantly inhibited bleomycin‐induced dermal fibrosis in mice. We demonstrated that MM07 had greater potential than apelin to inhibit fibrosis in vivo and in vitro.ConclusionCollectively, TGFβ1 signaling and apelin signaling may counteract each other in the fibrotic process of SSc. Inhibitory regulation of TGFβ1‐induced skin fibrosis by apelin/APJ signaling may be involved in the pathogenesis of SSc and could be a therapeutic target for fibrosis in SSc patients.
Human iNPC therapy leads to improvement in functional neurologic outcomes in a pig ischemic stroke model
Authors: Lau Vivian W. , Platt Simon R. , Grace Harrison E. , Baker Emily W. , West Franklin D. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractIntroductionStroke is the leading cause of disability in the United States but current therapies are limited with no regenerative potential. Previous translational failures have highlighted the need for large animal models of ischemic stroke and for improved assessments of functional outcomes. The aims of this study were first, to create a post‐stroke functional outcome assessment scale in a porcine model of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) and second, to use this scale to determine the effect of human‐induced‐pluripotent‐cell‐derived neural progenitor cells (iNPCs) on functional outcome in this large animal stroke model.Materials and MethodsEight 6‐month‐old Landrace mix pigs underwent permanent MCAO. Five days following MCAO, pigs received intraparenchymal injections of either iNPCs or PBS. A post‐stroke assessment scale was developed to measure functional outcome. Evaluations were performed at least 1–3 days prior to MCAO and repeated 1 day, 3 days, and 5 days post‐stroke as well as 1 day, 3 days, 1 week, 2 weeks, 4 weeks, 6 weeks, 9 weeks, and 12 weeks post‐injection. Comparisons of scores between animals receiving iNPCs or PBS only were compared using a two‐way ANOVA and a Tukey's post‐hoc t test.ResultsThe developed scale was able to consistently determine differences between healthy and stroked pigs at all time points. iNPC‐treated pigs showed a significantly faster recovery in their overall scores relative to PBS‐only treated pigs with the parameters of appetite and body posture exhibiting the most improvement in the iNPC‐treated group.ConclusionsWe developed a robust and repeatable functional assessment tool that can reliably detect stroke and recovery, while also showing for the first time that iNPC therapy leads to functional recovery in a translational pig ischemic stroke model. These promising results suggest that iNPCs may 1 day serve as a first in class cell therapeutic for ischemic stroke.
The effect of a single dose of escitalopram on sensorimotor networks
Authors: Weisstanner Christian , Kägi Georg , Krammer Werner , Eap Chin B. , Wiest Roland , Missimer John H. , Weder Bruno J. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractIntroductionServing as a pilot study of poststroke pharmacotherapy, the present investigation was intended to establish the effect of a single dose of escitalopram on motor task performance in normal volunteers.MethodsTen healthy volunteers of median age 63 years including four females performed a well‐studied tactile manipulation task in two fMRI sessions using a double‐blind cross‐over design. The sessions began approximately three hours after ingestion of 20 mg escitalopram or placebo presented in pseudorandom order. The fMRI image sequences were submitted to principal component analysis (PCA).ResultsBased on volume correlations of task‐related principal components with the mean component images derived in our previous study, we established the reproducibility of two networks of sensorimotor activity proposed there. The network reflecting motor control (cerebral pattern I) appeared invariably in placebo and verum conditions. In contrast, the other network, attributed to diminished motor control due to distracting mental processing (cerebral pattern II), emerged less regularly and exhibited more variability. Second‐level PCAs of both conditions confirmed the findings of the initial analysis. Specifically, it validated the dominant and invariable expression of cerebral pattern I after application of a single dose of escitalopram. Dynamic causal modeling confirmed enhanced motor output as a result of a significantly increased connectivity between primary motor cortex and dorsal premotor cortex.ConclusionThis pilot study suggests the promise of stimulation by a specific serotonin reuptake inhibitor in regard to recovery and preservation of motor control after stroke.
Calcium Lactate Pentahydrate Crystallization in the Presence of Pentanoic Acid
Authors: Kiran-Yildirim Bercem , Titiz-Sargut Sibel , Sayan Perviz 
Published: April 2018

AbstractCalcium lactate crystallization was investigated in the presence of pentanoic acid in a mixed‐suspension mixed‐product removal (MSMPR)‐type crystallizer. Filtration rate measurements were carried out to define the effect of pentanoic acid on the filtration characteristics of calcium lactate pentahydrate crystals. The average particle size, length‐to‐width ratio, and morphologies of calcium lactate pentahydrate crystals were also determined and examined as a function of pentanoic acid concentrations. The zeta potential of calcium lactate pentahydrate crystals was measured. Thermogravimetric and differential thermal analysis (TGA‐DTA) as well as X‐ray diffraction (XRD) were performed and Coats and Redfern's method was used to verify the kinetic parameters in the dehydration steps observed in the TGA curves.