bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An Efficient Synthesis of Pyrido[3, 2‐c]coumarins under Microwave Irradiation in Solvent‐Free Conditions
Authors: Kolita Sinki , Bhuyan Pulak J. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractSynthesized some novel functionalized pyrido[3, 2‐c] coumarins from the reaction of 4‐chloro‐3‐formylcoumarins obtained from 4‐hydroxycoumarins, and aryl methyl ketones/ethyl acetoacetate/ethyl cyanoacetate in the presence of ammonium acetate under microwave irradiation in solvent‐free condition in excellent yields.
Endohedral Regulator for Metallofullerene Chemical Property: Diels–Alder Reaction Studies of ScxY3‐xN@C80‐Ih (x=0‐3)
Authors: Zhang Zhuxia , Xue Wenhua , Jia Wei , Zhang Caili , Zhang Jie , Zhang Yong , Wang Lan , Guo Zhen , Cui Peng 
Published: February 2018

AbstractChemical functionalization is an important method modulating the chemical properties of endohedral metallofullerene. In this study, Diels–Alder reaction of ScxY3‐xN@C80‐Ih (x=0‐3) with o‐quinodimethane was investigated both experimentally and theoretically. There is only one regioselective mono‐[5, 6]‐adduct isolated for Sc3N@C80, Sc2YN@C80 and ScY2N@C80, respectively and one mono‐[5, 6] and one mono‐[6, 6]‐adduct obtained for Y3N@C80. The calculated results showed that the entrapped ScxY3‐xN clusters in the cage have the same orientation with two metal atoms toward adduct sites in the thermodynamically stable DA‐[5, 6]‐adducts. They all have higher chemical reactivity. The similar stabilizing and destabilizing effects on reactivity were found by the Activation Strain Model of reactivity and Energy Decomposition Analysis method.
Formal Synthesis of Angiopterlactone B via Enantioselective Reduction of Ketone with Daucus Carota Root
Authors: Khomane Navnath B. , Patel Javed S. , Shirsat Prashishkumar K. , Mali Prakash R. , Meshram Harshadas M. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractFormal synthesis of angiopterlactone B has been accomplished via. enantioselective reduction of ketone with Daucus carota, Sharpless dihydroxylation and Andos modified Horner‐Wadsworth‐Emmons (HWE) reagent to introduce Z‐olefination. Here we evolved a new path for the synthesis of (S,S)‐osmundalactone and 3–5 dihydroxy γ‐caprolactone. The initial synthetic route for both caprolactone and osmundalcactone build on biocatalytic process while in later case Sharpless dihydroxylation delivered required stereocentres. Z‐selective olefination was utilized to furnish caprolactone which was further recycled in to 1‐(5‐oxotetrahydrofuran‐2yl) ethyl 2‐phenyl acetate. Both synthetic routes found to be applicable for many synthetic reactions.
Proton‐Gated Rectification Regimes in Nanofluidic Diodes Switched by Chemical Effectors
Authors: Pérez‐Mitta Gonzalo , Marmisolle Waldemar A. , Burr Loïc , Toimil‐Molares María Eugenia , Trautmann Christina , Azzaroni Omar 
Published: February 2018

AbstractDuring the last decade, nanofluidic devices based on solid‐state nanopores and nanochannels have come into scene in materials science and will not leave anytime soon. One of the main reasons for this is the excellent control over ionic transport exerted by such devices that promises further important advances when integrated into more complex molecular devices. As a result, pH, temperature, and voltage‐regulated devices have been obtained. However, nowadays, there is still a necessity for molecule‐driven nanofluidic devices. Here, a sugar‐regulated pH‐responsive nanofluidic diode is presented obtained by surface modification of conical polycarbonate nanochannels with electropolymerized 3‐aminophenylboronic acid. Control over the ionic transport has been achieved by a successful decoration of asymmetric nanochannels with integrated molecular systems. The as‐synthesized boronate‐appended zwitterionic polymer exhibits an acid‐base equilibrium that depends on the concentration of sugar, which ultimately acts as a chemical effector setting different pH‐dependent rectification regimes. As a result, the same nanodevice can perform completely different proton‐regulated nanofluidic operations, i.e., anion‐driven rectification, cation‐driven rectification, and no rectification, by simply varying the concentration of fructose in the electrolyte solution.
Oil and natural gas development influence nest‐site selection and nest survival of upland‐nesting waterfowl and shorebirds
Authors: Ludlow Sarah M. , Davis Stephen K. 
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACTNative grasslands provide important breeding habitat for many upland‐nesting waterfowl and shorebirds. However, recent increases in oil and gas development in native grassland may alter the quantity and quality of this globally threatened habitat. Oil and natural gas development involves construction of roads, trails, and wells; often facilitating invasion by exotic vegetation. Our objectives were to determine 1) whether nest placement by upland‐nesting waterfowl and shorebirds varied with proximity to oil and gas infrastructure; and 2) the extent to which nest survival was influenced by proximity to wells, roads, and trails, as well as percent cover of the exotic crested wheatgrass in southeastern Alberta, Canada, 2010–2011. Mallard (Anas platyrhynchos) and blue‐winged teal (Spatula discors) nests were located within 100 m of wells more than expected by chance, and northern shoveler (Spatula clypeata) and northern pintail (Anas acuta) tended to nest more frequently within 200 m of wells. In contrast, more shorebird nests were located farther from wells than expected. Mallards and blue‐winged teal were also more likely to place their nests near roads. Shorebirds tended to place their nests either close to roads or far from these structures more often than expected by chance. The proportion of mallard nests located in close proximity to trails was greater than expected, but fewer blue‐winged teal nests were located near trails than expected by chance. The top‐ranked models explaining variation in daily nest survival rates of northern shoveler, mallard, and shorebirds included distance to infrastructure variables, although these relationships were weak. Northern shovelers appear to benefit from placing nests closer to trails; daily nest survival rate increased with proximity to trails. However, trails may act as an ecological sink for shorebirds; they were more likely to place nests near trails but daily survival rates were lower near trails. © 2018 The Wildlife Society.
Defining Early Recurrence of Hilar Cholangiocarcinoma After Curative‐intent Surgery: A Multi‐institutional Study from the US Extrahepatic Biliary Malignancy Consortium
Authors: Zhang Xu‐Feng , Beal Eliza W. , Chakedis Jeffery , Chen Qinyu , Lv Yi , Ethun Cecilia G. , Salem Ahmed , Weber Sharon M. , Tran Thuy , Poultsides George , Son Andre Y. , Hatzaras Ioannis , Jin Linda , Fields Ryan C. , Buettner Stefan , Scoggins Charles , Martin Robert C. G. , Isom Chelsea A. , Idrees Kamron , Mogal Harveshp D. , Shen Perry , Maithel Shishir K. , Schmidt Carl R. , Pawlik Timothy M. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractBackgroundTime to tumor recurrence may be associated with outcomes following resection of hepatobiliary cancers. The objective of the current study was to investigate risk factors and prognosis among patients with early versus late recurrence of hilar cholangiocarcinoma (HCCA) after curative‐intent resection.MethodsA total of 225 patients who underwent curative‐intent resection for HCCA were identified from 10 academic centers in the USA. Data on clinicopathologic characteristics, pre‐, intra‐, and postoperative details and overall survival (OS) were analyzed. The slope of the curves identified by linear regression was used to categorize recurrences as early versus late.ResultsWith a median follow‐up of 18.0 months, 99 (44.0%) patients experienced a tumor recurrence. According to the slope of the curves identified by linear regression, the functions of the two straight lines were y = −0.465x + 16.99 and y = −0.12x + 7.16. The intercept value of the two lines was 28.5 months, and therefore, 30 months (2.5 years) was defined as the cutoff to differentiate early from late recurrence. Among 99 patients who experienced recurrence, the majority (n = 80, 80.8%) occurred within the first 2.5 years (early recurrence), while 19.2% of recurrences occurred beyond 2.5 years (late recurrence). Early recurrence was more likely present as distant disease (75.1% vs. 31.6%, p = 0.001) and was associated with a worse OS (Median OS, early 21.5 vs. late 50.4 months, p < 0.001). On multivariable analysis, poor tumor differentiation (HR 10.3, p = 0.021), microvascular invasion (HR 3.3, p = 0.037), perineural invasion (HR 3.9, p = 0.029), lymph node metastases (HR 5.0, p = 0.004), and microscopic positive margin (HR 3.5, p = 0.046) were independent risk factors associated with early recurrence.ConclusionsEarly recurrence of HCCA after curative resection was common (~35.6%). Early recurrence was strongly associated with aggressive tumor characteristics, increased risk of distant metastatic recurrence and a worse long‐term survival.
Older Adults’ Health Care Utilization a Year After Experiencing Fear or Distress from Hurricane Sandy
Authors: Sands Laura P. , Xie Yimeng , Pruchno Rachel , Heid Allison , Hong Yili 
Published: February 2018

AbstractObjectiveTo determine whether self-reports of disaster-related psychological distress predict older adults’ health care utilization during the year after Hurricane Sandy, which hit New Jersey on October 29, 2012.MethodsRespondents were from the ORANJ BOWL Study, a random-digit dialed sample from New Jersey recruited from 2006 to 2008. Medicare hospital, emergency department (ED) and outpatient claims data from 2012 and 2013 were matched to 1607 people age 65 and older in 2012 who responded to follow-up surveys conducted from July 2013 to July 2015 to determine their hurricane-related experiences.ResultsIn total, 7% (107) of respondents reported they experienced a lot versus 93% (1493) respondents reported they experienced little or no fear and distress from Hurricane Sandy. Those who experienced a lot versus little or no fear and distress had higher probability of all-cause hospital admissions and more ED visits through 3 months (hazard ratio [HR]: 2.19, 95% CI: 1.03-4.63; incidence ratio [IR]: 2.57, 95% CI: 1.21-5.35), and ED and outpatient visits (IR: 2.20, 95% CI: 1.44-3.37; IR: 1.37, 95% CI: 1.02-1.87) through the year after the hurricane.ConclusionsA self-reported assessment of disaster-related psychological distress is a strong predictor of older adults’ health care needs the year after the disaster. The results indicate that disaster preparedness should extend beyond acute health care needs to address longer-term health consequences of disasters. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2018;12:578–581)
Serum carotenoids and macular pigment optical density in patients with intestinal resections and healthy subjects: an exploratory study
Authors: Eriksen Jane N. , Prahm August P. , Falk Mads Krüger , Arrigoni Eva , Jeppesen Palle B. , Larsen Michael , Dragsted Lars O. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractReduced absorption capacity in patients with intestinal resections (IR) could result in malabsorption of fat-soluble components like carotenoids, which are of clinical interest in relation to visual health. In this case cohort, we investigated the association between IR and serum lutein, zeaxanthin, β-carotene and macular pigment optical density, when compared with healthy controls. Ten patients with IR and twelve healthy controls were included in the study. Baseline characteristics were comparable between groups, except for higher serum TAG (P < 0·05) and shorter bowel length (P < 0·0001) in the group with IR. Serum lutein, zeaxanthin, β-carotene and macular pigment optical density were >15 % lower in the patient group compared with healthy controls (P < 0·05, adjusted for age) and, in the case of serum lutein and zeaxanthin, also for dietary intake of carotenoids. Results suggest that for a test of macular carotenoid supplementation, subjects with a potentially clinically significant carotenoid deficit could be recruited among patients with IR.
COHERENT SYSTEMS OF FINITE SUPPORT ITERATIONS
Authors: FISCHER VERA , FRIEDMAN SY D. , MEJÍA DIEGO A. , MONTOYA DIANA C. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractWe introduce a forcing technique to construct three-dimensional arrays of generic extensions through FS (finite support) iterations of ccc posets, which we refer to as 3D-coherent systems. We use them to produce models of new constellations in Cichoń’s diagram, in particular, a model where the diagram can be separated into 7 different values. Furthermore, we show that this constellation of 7 values is consistent with the existence of a ${\rm{\Delta }}_3^1$ well-order of the reals.
Population differentiation between Australian and ChineseHelicoverpa armigeraoccurs in distinct blocks on the Z-chromosome
Authors: Song S.V. , Anderson C. , Good R.T. , Leslie S. , Wu Y. , Oakeshott J.G. , Robin C. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractOver the last 40 years, many types of population genetic markers have been used to assess the population structure of the pest moth speciesHelicoverpa armigera. While this species is highly vagile, there is evidence of inter-continental population structure. Here, we examine Z-chromosome molecular markers within and between Chinese and Australian populations. Using 1352 polymorphic sites from 40 Z-linked loci, we compared two Chinese populations of moths separated by 700 km and found virtually no population structure (n= 41 andn= 54, with <1% of variation discriminating between populations). The levels of nucleotide diversity within these populations were consistent with previous estimates from introns in Z-linked genes of Australian samples (π = 0.028 vs. 0.03). Furthermore, all loci surveyed in these Chinese populations showed a skew toward rare variants, with ten loci having a significant Tajima'sDstatistic, suggesting that this species could have undergone a population expansion. Eight of the 40 loci had been examined in a previous study of Australian moths, of which six revealed very little inter-continental population structure. However, the two markers associated with theCyp303a1locus that has previously been proposed to be a target of a selective sweep, exhibited allele structuring between countries. Using a separate dataset of 19 Australian and four Chinese moths, we scanned the molecular variation distributed across the entire Z-chromosome and found distinct blocks of differentiation that include the region containingCyp303a1. We recommend some of these loci join those associated with insecticide resistance to form a set of genes best suited to analyzing population structure in this global pest.
On the Life Cycle of Spirocerca lupi: Preinfective Stages in the Intermediate Host
Authors: Chhabra R. C. , Singh Kunwar Suresh 
Published: February 2018

The development of the preinfective stages of S. lupi has been described and illustrated and the details of morphology given for the first time.The sex of the first stage juveniles can be distinguished by locating the position of the genital primordium. On an average, the first stage juveniles measure 0·39 mm. in length and 0·036 mm. in breadth, early second stage 0·78 and 0·044 mm. and the advanced second stage 1·40 mm. and 0·63 mm. respectively. The second stage juveniles obtained from beetles were not infective to dogs.
Molecular differentiation of three canine and feline hookworms in South China through HRM analysis
Authors: Wang M.W. , Yan X.X. , Hang J.X. , Shi X.L. , Fu Y.Q. , Zhang P. , Yang F. , Pan W.D. , Li G.Q. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractTo investigate the prevalence of canine and feline hookworms in South China, and to assess the risk of zoonotic hookworms to humans, one pair of primers (HRM-F/HRM-R) was designed to establish a high-resolution melting (HRM) method based on internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS-1) rDNA for the detection of Ancylostoma ceylanicum, A. caninum and A. tubaeforme infection. The results showed that the HRM for the three hookworms produced different melting-curve profiles, where melting temperature (Tm) values were 84.50°C for A. ceylanicum, 82.25°C for A. caninum and 81.73°C for A. tubaeforme, respectively. The reproducibility of intra- and inter-assay melting curves was almost perfect. The lowest concentration detected was about 5.69 ×10−4 g/μl. The HRM detection results from 18 canine and feline hookworm samples were in complete accordance with their sequencing results. The HRM method was more sensitive than the polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) technique in the detection of 98 clinical samples. It is concluded that the HRM method can differentiate between A. ceylanicum, A. caninum, A. tubaeforme and their mixed infections, which may provide important technical support for the zoonotic risk assessment and molecular epidemiological survey of canine and feline hookworms.
Bronchoalveolar lavage for diagnosis of tuberculosis infection in elephants
Authors: Hermes R. , Saragusty J. , Moser I. , Holtze S. , Nieter J. , Sachse K. , Voracek T. , Bernhard A. , Bouts T. , Göritz F. , Hildebrandt T. B. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractTuberculosis (TB) has been known to affect elephants for thousands of years. It was put into spotlight when few circus elephants were diagnosed carryingMycobacterium(M.)tuberculosis. Because of the zoonotic risk and high susceptibility toM. tuberculosis, periodic testing was enacted since, in captive breeding programmes. Presently, trunk wash is the recommended diagnostic procedure for TB. Trunk wash, however, puts the operator at risk, has low sensitivity, and is prone to contamination. Here, bronchoalveolar lavage is described for the first time for TB diagnosis in elephants. Bronchial, trunk and mouth fluids were investigated using bacterial culture,M. tuberculosiscomplex (MTC)-specific real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) and mycobacterial genus-specific qPCR for overall presence of mycobacteria or mycobacterial DNA including bacteria or DNA of closely related genera, respectively, in 14 elephants. Neither bacteria of the MTC nor their DNA were identified in any of the elephants. Yet, 25% of the cultures grew non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) or closely related bacterial species. Furthermore, 85% of the samples contained DNA of NTM or closely related bacterial genera. This finding might explain continued false-positive results from various serological tests. From a zoonotic point of view, bronchoalveolar lavage is safer for the testing personal, has higher probability of capturing MTC and, through PCR, identifies DNA NTM in elephants. Yet, necessary endoscopic equipment, animal sedation and access to a TB reference laboratory might pose challenging requirements in remote conditions in some elephant range countries.
Mood and Personality Characteristics are Associated with Metamemory Knowledge Accuracy in a Community-Based Cohort of Older Adults
Authors: Colvin Leigh E. , Malgaroli Matteo , Chapman Silvia , MacKay-Brandt Anna , Cosentino Stephanie 
Published: February 2018

AbstractObjectives:Emerging work reveals the neuroanatomic changes that compromise metacognition; however, little is known about the impact of premorbid factors. Research suggests that psychological variables influence the perception of cognition, but whether they influence the accuracy of those perceptions (i.e., metacognition) has not been directly examined.Participants and Methods:Using Latent Class Analysis (LCA), we tested for discrete personality (NEOFFI) and mood (STAI, BDI-II, and GDS) classes among a community-based cohort of 151 older adults, enrolled in the NKI-Rockland study. Metamemory was calculated by comparing subjective memory ratings (modified Cognitive Failures Questionnaire) to objective memory (Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test) to determine the degree to which individuals were overconfident, underconfident, or accurate in their self-assessment. A generalized linear model was used to examine whether metamemory differed across the emergent classes. A one samplettest was used to determine whether the metamemory scores of the emergent classes were statistically significantly different from zero, that is, over or under confident.Results:Two discrete classes emerged in the LCA: Class 1 was characterized predominantly by high extraversion and conscientiousness and low neuroticism and anxiety; Class 2 was characterized predominantly by low extraversion and conscientiousness and high neuroticism and anxiety. Metamemory differed significantly as a function of Class Membership (F(4,151)=5.42;p<.001), with Class 1 demonstrating accurate metamemory (M=0.21;SD=1.31) and Class 2 demonstrating under-confidence (M=−0.59;SD=1.39) in their memory.Conclusions:The significant association between psychological factors and metamemory knowledge accuracy suggests that such characteristics may be important to consider in the conceptualization, assessment, and treatment of metacognitive disturbances. (JINS, 2018,24, 498–510)
Pre-school nutrition-related behaviours at home and early childhood education services: findings from the Growing Up in New Zealand longitudinal study
Authors: Gerritsen Sarah , Anderson Sarah E , Morton Susan MB , Wall Clare R 
Published: February 2018

AbstractObjectivePre-school nutrition-related behaviours influence diet and development of lifelong eating habits. We examined the prevalence and congruence of recommended nutrition-related behaviours (RNB) in home and early childhood education (ECE) services, exploring differences by child and ECE characteristics.DesignTelephone interviews with mothers. Online survey of ECE managers/head teachers.SettingNew Zealand.SubjectsChildren (n1181) aged 45 months in the Growing Up in New Zealand longitudinal study.ResultsA mean 5·3 of 8 RNB were followed at home, with statistical differences by gender and ethnic group, but not socio-economic position. ECE services followed a mean 4·8 of 8 RNB, with differences by type of service and health-promotion programme participation. No congruence between adherence at home and in ECE services was found; half of children with high adherence at home attended a service with low adherence. A greater proportion of children in deprived communities attended a service with high adherence, compared with children living in the least deprived communities (20 and 12 %, respectively).ConclusionsChildren, across all socio-economic positions, may not experience RNB at home. ECE settings provide an opportunity to improve or support behaviours learned at home. Targeting of health-promotion programmes in high-deprivation areas has resulted in higher adherence to RNB at these ECE services. The lack of congruence between home and ECE behaviours suggests health-promotion messages may not be effectively communicated to parents/family. Greater support is required across the ECE sector to adhere to RNB and promote wider change that can reach into homes.