bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CaV3.1 channel pore pseudo-symmetry revealed by selectivity filter mutations in their domains I/II
Authors: Garza-López E. , Aldana A. , Darszon A. , Nishigaki T. , López-González I. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThere is growing evidence indicating that the pore structure of voltage-gated ion channels (VGICs) influences gating besides their conductance. Regarding low voltage-activated (LVA) Ca2+ channels, it has been demonstrated that substitutions of the pore aspartate (D) by a glutamate (D-to-E substitution) in domains III and IV alter channel gating properties such as a positive shift in the channel activation voltage dependence. In the present report, we evaluated the effects of E-to-D substitution in domains I and II on the CaV3.1 channel gating properties. Our results indicate that substitutions in these two domains differentially modify the gating properties of CaV3.1 channels. The channel with a single mutation in domain I (DEDD) presented slower activation and faster inactivation kinetics and a slower recovery from inactivation, as compared with the WT channel. In contrast, the single mutant in domain II (EDDD) presented a small but significant negative shift of activation voltage dependence with faster activation and slower deactivation kinetics. Finally, the double mutant channel (DDDD) presented intermediate properties with respect to the two single mutants but with fastest deactivation kinetics. Overall, our results indicate that single amino acid modification of the selectivity filter of LVA Ca2+ channels in distinct domains differentially influence their gating properties, suggesting a pore pseudo-symmetry.Statement of significancePrevious reports of low voltage-activated (LVA) Ca2+ channels have demonstrated that pore aspartate (D) in domains III and IV equally modulates the channel gating properties, supporting a hypothesis of pore symmetry in LVA Ca2+ channels. In the present report, we evaluated the effects of glutamate (E)-to-D pore substitution in domains I and II on the CaV3.1 channel gating properties. Our results indicate that substitutions in these two domains differentially modify the gating properties of CaV3.1 channels, therefore suggesting a pore pseudo-symmetry in them. Interestingly, our pore mutations affect inactivation of CaV3.1 Ca2+ channels indicating a selectivity filter contribution to this process similar to the recent proposed paradigm for high voltage-activated Ca2+ channels.
Gene transcription as a limiting factor in protein production and cell growth
Authors: Metzl-Raz Eyal , Kafri Moshe , Yaakov Gilad , Barkai Naama 
Published: May 2019

AbstractGrowth rate and cell size are principle characteristics of proliferating cells, whose values depend on cellular biosynthetic processes in a way poorly understood. Protein production is critical for growth, and we therefore examined for processes limiting this production. Burdening cells with an excess of inert protein changed endogenous gene expression similarly to transcription-perturbing mutants, was epistatic to these mutants, but did not deplete respective factors from gene promoters. Mathematical modeling, corroborated by experiments, attributed this signature to a feedback which proportionally increases all endogenous gene expression, but lags at fast initiating genes already transcribed close to the maximal possible rate. As a possible benefit of maximizing transcription rates, we discuss a conflict between cell growth rate and size, which emerges above a critical cell size set by transcript abundance. We propose that biochemical limits on protein and mRNA production define the characteristic values of cell size and division time.
NSUN2 introduces 5-methylcytosines in mammalian mitochondrial tRNAs
Authors: Van Haute Lindsey , Lee Song-Yi , McCann Beverly J. , Powell Christopher A. , Bansal Dhiru , Garone Caterina , Shin Sanghee , Kim Jong-Seo , Frye Michaela , Gleeson Joseph G. , Miska Eric , Rhee Hyun-Woo , Minczuk Michal 
Published: May 2019

AbstractMaintenance and expression of mitochondrial DNA is indispensable for proper function of the oxidative phosphorylation machinery. Post-transcriptional modification of mitochondrial RNA has emerged as one of the key regulatory steps of human mitochondrial gene expression. Mammalian NOP2/Sun RNA Methyltransferase Family Member 2 (NSUN2) has been characterised as an RNA methyltransferase that introduces 5-methylcytosine (m5C) in nuclear-encoded tRNAs, mRNAs, microRNA and noncoding RNAs. In these roles, NSUN2 has been associated with cell proliferation and differentiation. Pathogenic variants in NSUN2 have been linked with neurodevelopmental disorders. Here we employ spatially restricted proximity labelling and immunodetection to demonstrate that NSUN2 is imported into the matrix of mammalian mitochondria. Using three genetic models for NSUN2 inactivation – knockout mice, patient-derived fibroblasts and CRISPR/Cas9 knockout in human cells – we show that NSUN2 in necessary for the generation of m5C at positions 48, 49 and 50 of several mammalian mitochondrial tRNAs. Finally, we show that inactivation of NSUN2 does not have a profound effect on mitochondrial tRNA stability and oxidative phosphorylation in differentiated cells. We discuss the importance of the newly discovered function of NSUN2 in the context of human disease.
Smartphone screening for neonatal jaundice via ambient-subtracted sclera chromaticity:neoSCBapp pilot study
Authors: Outlaw Felix , Nixon Miranda , Odeyemi Oluwatobiloba , MacDonald Lindsay W. , Meek Judith , Leung Terence S. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractJaundice is a major cause of mortality and morbidity in the newborn. Globally, early identification and home monitoring are significant challenges in reducing the incidence of jaundice-related neurological damage. Smartphone cameras are promising as colour-based screening tools as they are low-cost, objective and ubiquitous. We propose a novel smartphone method and app called neoSCB to screen for neonatal jaundice by imaging the sclera. It does not rely on colour calibration cards or accessories, which may facilitate its adoption at scale and in less economically developed regions. Our approach is to explicitly address three confounding factors in relating colour to jaundice: (1) skin pigmentation, (2) ambient light, and (3) camera spectral response. (1) The variation in skin pigmentation is avoided by imaging the sclera. (2) With the smartphone screen acting as an illuminating flash, a flash/ no-flash image pair is captured using the front-facing camera. The contribution of ambient light is subtracted. (3) This permits a device-and ambient-independent measure of sclera chromaticity following a one-time calibration. We introduce the concept of Scleral-Conjunctival Bilirubin (SCB), in analogy with Transcutaneous Bilirubin (TcB). The scleral chromaticity is mapped to an SCB value. A pilot study was conducted in the UCL Hospital Neonatal Care Unit. 51 neonates were imaged using the neoSCB app and had a blood test for total serum bilirubin (TSB). The better of two models for SCB based on ambient-subtracted sclera chromaticity achieved r = 0.75 (p<0.01) correlation with TSB. Ambient subtraction improved chromaticity estimates in laboratory tests and screening performance within our study sample. Using an SCB decision threshold of 190μmol/L, the sensitivity was 100% (specificity 61%) in identifying newborns with TSB>250μmol/L (area under receiver operating characteristic curve, AUROC, 0.86), and 92% (specificity 67%) in identifying newborns with TSB>205μmol/L (AUROC 0.85). These results are comparable to modern transcutaneous bilirubinometers.
Sodium bis(2-methyllactato)borate
Authors: Gokila Govindharajan , Thiruvalluvar Aravazhi Amalan , Ramachandra Raja Chidambaram 
Published: May 2019

The asymmetric unit of the title organic–inorganic hybrid salt, poly[[μ4-bis(2-methyllactato)borato]sodium], [Na(C8H12BO6)]
n
, comprises a sodium cation and a bis(2-methyllactato)borate anion. The sodium cation exhibits a [4 + 1] coordination by borate and carbonyl O atoms of the bis(2-methyllactato)borate anion, leading to a three-dimensional polymeric structure.
Role of Facebook as a disaster communication media
Authors: Jayasekara Prasadi Kanchana 
Published: May 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to identify the types of contents shared through Facebook during different phases of disaster management.Design/methodology/approachThe primary data of this study were collected using the qualitative method. To acquire the necessary data, researcher selected 50 Sri Lankan Facebook users who can read and understand Sinhala with more than 1,000 friends using the snowball sampling method. Selected Facebook users had to collect Facebook posts related to flood during two weeks time period. Data were collected until it reached data saturation point. The collected Facebook posts were transcribed and translated into English. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the Facebook posts.FindingsThe most prominent use of Facebook for disaster communication can be observed in, during and post-disaster phases. In the during-disaster phase, people used Facebook to share posts related to disaster warning, request for help or rescue, share information about rescue missions, share contact numbers of rescue teams, request donation items, coordinate aid distribution, ask for volunteer work and to provide feedback about the ongoing funding programs. In the post-disaster phase, people used Facebook to request volunteer help for cleaning, to provide feedback about the progress and to ask about donating cleaning products.Originality/valueFindings of this study can be used by the government or authorized bodies to develop official social media channels, which would fulfill information requirements during disaster situations.
Frequency and potential causes of medication errors from nurses’ viewpoint in hospitals affiliated to a medical sciences University in Iran
Authors: Piroozi Bakhtiar , Mohamadi-Bolbanabad Amjad , Safari Hossein , Amerzadeh Mohammad , Moradi Ghobad , Usefi Dalir , Azadnia Arian , Gray Serajaddin 
Published: May 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the prevalence of medication errors (MEs) and the factors affecting them among nurses of hospitals affiliated to Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences (KUMS) in 2016.

Design/methodology/approach
This is a cross-sectional and descriptive-analytic study. In total, 503 nurses were selected using census method from six hospitals affiliated to KUMS. A self-constructed questionnaire was employed to collect information on nurses’ socio-demographic characteristics (6 items), the prevalence and type of MEs (21 items) and their perceptions about the main causes of MEs (40 items). Data were collected from August 15 to October 15, 2016. In addition, nonparametric and linear regression tests were used to describe the descriptive statistics and analyze the data.

Findings
The response rate was 73 percent and the monthly reported MEs per nurse was 6.27±11.95. Giving medication at non-scheduled time (28.4 percent), giving multiple oral medications together (22.4 percent) and giving painkillers after operation without physician’s prescription (15.3 percent) were three types of repetitive MEs, respectively. Gender, work experience, and having a second job affected the total number of MEs. “Long and unconventional nursing shifts,” “changing the dosage of medications for patients under observation due to multiple consultations and different doctors’ orders” as well as “failure to give feedback about the causes of errors to nurses by supervisors” were the three prioritized factors for MEs.

Originality/value
There is a need to reduce MEs in order to improve patient safety. It seems that in order to reduce MEs, systemic and managerial reforms such as reducing the working hours and workload of nurses, giving feedback about the causes of MEs to nurses, and using initiatives to reduce the stress in nurses are necessary.
Personal waste management in higher education
Authors: Michael Judd , Elser Nathaniel 
Published: May 2019

Purpose
This paper aims to propose a quadruple bottom line approach for higher education leaders who must decide whether to accept sustainability initiatives that do have not have a business case. The authors describe a personal waste management program at a major university to illustrate how a quadruple bottom line framework may impact decisions to adopt a sustainability practice in higher education. The authors also demonstrate how opportunity costs can be applied to better understand the true costs of such waste management programs.

Design/methodology/approach
This exploratory research uses a case study approach with a unique accounting method to determine the costs of a personal waste management system. System costs are calculated for the entire university and for sample units within the university.

Findings
University leaders chose to continue the new waste management program in light of evidence showing higher than anticipated costs. The authors illustrate how this decision was driven by consideration of a fourth bottom line, that of the educational value of the sustainability initiative. It is discussed whether proposed sustainability initiatives such as these should be evaluated using a traditional triple bottom line framework, or, in the case of higher education, if equal consideration should also be given to factors related to the educational mission of the institution.

Originality/value
The authors develop a quadruple bottom line framework to explain the frequent implementation of economically costly sustainability programs in higher education contexts. This paper also reviews the rise of “personal waste management” programs at higher education institutions, demonstrates how the value of employee time can and should be considered as a cost of a comprehensive campus sustainability program (i.e. recycling and composting) and illustrates a novel means for using opportunity costs to determine those costs.
Occupational stress management for UK construction professionals
Authors: Ajayi Saheed O. , Jones William , Unuigbe Maria 
Published: May 2019

Purpose
The increasing awareness of stress as an issue in the construction industry, and the increased realisation of the more effective approach of preventing stress as opposed to treating mental health, has placed a great responsibility on industries that rely heavily on the performance of their workforce. In line with this, this paper aims to investigate the causes of stress and the best strategies for improving professional resilience and stress management proficiency in the construction industry.

Design/methodology/approach
Using exploratory sequential mixed method research design, the top factors that cause stress, mitigate stress and build resilience are identified and discussed.

Findings
The findings show thematic similarities in the causes of stress, by displaying a reoccurring theme relating to the quality and lack of information, as well as poor communication among the construction professionals. This implies that poor collaboration and “over-the-wall syndrome” of the construction industry does not only contribute to defective output and reworks, it also has significant impacts on the health and well-being of the professionals. Recommendations are made on how to mitigate stress in the industry, by addressing its root-causes and implementing the identified mitigation strategies. This includes a realistic approach to budgeting and project duration, as well as improved communication and collaboration.

Originality/value
Finding of this study could help in mitigating stress and mental health concerns that are currently plaguing the construction industry.
Impact of CSR on cost of debt and cost of capital: Australian evidence
Authors: Bhuiyan Md. Borhan Uddin , Nguyen Thi Hong Nhung 
Published: May 2019

Purpose
This paper aims to investigate the association between the corporate social responsibility (CSR) and the cost of equity (COE) and cost of debt (COD).

Design/methodology/approach
The authors use the multivariate regression analysis approach to address the developed hypotheses.

Findings
Using a sample of 230 Australian listed firms from 2004 to 2016, the authors document that firms complying with higher CSR affect both COE and COD negatively, which means that CSR disclosure reduces financing cost.

Practical implication
These results support the risk mitigation perspective of CSR compliance, showing that both the investors and creditors may lower their expected returns because they find that CSR can mitigate potential business risk.

Originality/value
The authors extend the CSR research with both COE and COD.
What are the determinants of European hotel room design 2030?
Authors: Wittmann-Wurzer Annegret Jutta , Zech Nicola 
Published: May 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this research paper is to identify determinants influencing hotel room design now and in the future to offer hotel owners, hotel investors, architects and other partners involved in hotel planning, a framework regarding hotel room design 2030. Based both on theoretical foundations and empirical findings, guidelines for an innovative future hotel room design are evolved and represented by a triangular model.

Design/methodology/approach
A detailed analysis of basic and topic-related hotel management literature as well as of promising best practices of leading international hotel companies is supplemented by the evaluation of 27 expert interviews with hoteliers of varying hotel conceptions in Germany, Austria and Spain.

Findings
The paper presents qualitative as well as quantitative results of the applied methodology and leads to the emergence of a triangular model for an innovative future hotel room design approach.

Research limitations/implications
Safety and security aspects (both physical and virtual) as well as sustainability as a limiting factor have not been further discussed within the model construction so far.

Practical implications
The theoretical findings and the emergent framework may be customized to the determining factors and specific needs of individual hotels, hotel consortia or hotel chains to meet the needs of hotel room design 2030.

Originality/value
This research paper offers guidelines beyond design aspects by considering target group priorities, technological innovation and economical aspects.
How do Indian consumers behave when planning a leisure trip?
Authors: Chincholkar Snehal 
Published: May 2019

Purpose
This paper aims to explore Indian consumer behaviour towards tourism and identifies their preferences when planning leisure trips.

Design/methodology/approach
Based on a literature review, a questionnaire was designed giving more focus on pleasure or leisure trips. After that data were collected using an online survey method, and this yielded 165 responses that were analysed by using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS).

Findings
The findings reveal that among Indian tourists, highland locations are the most preferred location for a leisure trip. While selecting a tourist location and planning a leisure trip, Indian consumers look for security and safety followed by the available amenities, budget and weather conditions. Family and friends’ suggestions and the various activities available at the destination also have a moderate impact on the consumer’s choices.

Research limitations/implications
The article contributes to emerging research on the Indian tourism industry and consumer behaviour in tourism.

Practical implications
Research can help tourism companies and agencies to design innovative solutions to increase as well as maintain their customer base.

Originality/value
This article adds some value to the current literature specifically related to leisure tourism. The factors identified that impact on consumer decisions (including demographic factors) can be further investigated to provide innovative solutions.
The “Cameos of Care Homes” project – care home staff’s Vanguard involvement and reflections
Authors: Harris Jess , Manthorpe Jill 
Published: May 2019

Purpose
The Cameos of Care Homes project is an opportunity to use the medium of film to showcase the experiences and reflections of frontline care home staff whose employers participated in the National Health Service (NHS) England Vanguard programme. Reflecting on their involvement in one of the Enhanced Health in Care Homes Vanguards, 12 staff describe, in front of the camera, the impact on themselves and their colleagues, on their care for their older residents, and on the wider culture of the care home. The paper aims to discuss this initiative.

Design/methodology/approach
The paper reports the experiences of care home staff that were purposefully recorded on film about their participation in a care home Vanguard. The recruitment of the care homes and staff is described, as are the development of interview questions and approaches needed when filming is considered as a research method.

Findings
Participating care home staff reported that their involvement in the Vanguard programme had improved knowledge, confidence, morale, communication skills and the homes’ learning cultures. They were enthusiastic about reporting their experiences on film. Examples were given of proactive early support from local NHS staff leading to improvements in care, thereby reducing demand on the NHS. However, participation was resource intensive for care homes. Care home staff hoped the support that accompanied the Vanguard programme would continue but were uncertain to what degree this would happen once the Vanguard programme ceased.

Research limitations/implications
The interviews were undertaken with a self-selecting group of care home staff from two care homes operating in one of the six Vanguard sites in England. By their very nature, interviews for a public film cannot provide anonymity.

Practical implications
Researchers seeking the views of care home staff may wish to consider filming interviews and presenting the film as a research output that is engaging and informative for care home and wider audiences.

Originality/value
The paper presents an analysis of filmed interviews with care home managers and care workers working with older people. Their views on the Vanguard initiative have not been widely considered, in contrast to the sizeable literature relating to NHS activity and expenditure.
Public attention to extreme weather as reflected by social media activity
Authors: Silver Amber , Andrey Jean 
Published: May 2019

AbstractRecent advancements in the development of information and communication technologies have revolutionized risk and crisis communication. This research explored how social media facilitates information seeking, interpretation, and dissemination during extreme weather. Using Twitter data collected during a tornado‐warned storm, this study explored the activity of different actor groups. The findings demonstrate that weather professionals and weather enthusiasts acted as “key stewards” who facilitated discussion during the event. Citizens engaged in the dialogue predominately by retweeting and by sharing personal observations of the storm. The results highlight the usefulness of Twitter for the propagation of both official and unofficial storm‐related information. This study also supports previous research that suggests that tweet activity may be a reliable indicator of public attention.