bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
‘I Could Trust It’: Experiences of Reciprocal Translocation Carriers and Their Partners With Prenatal Cell‐Free DNA Screening for Unbalanced Translocations
Authors: Cifuentes Ochoa Marta , Archibald Alison Dalton , Flowers Nicola Jane , Pertile Mark Domenic 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo explore the experiences of people having cfDNA screening to detect unbalanced translocations, and to understand motivations for choosing this option.MethodsWe used a qualitative approach with in‐depth semi‐structured interviews with reciprocal translocation carriers and their partners. People who underwent cfDNA screening with translocation analysis through Victorian Clinical Genetics Services between 2015 and 2019 were invited to take part. Purposive sampling based on the participant's geographic location, requesting practitioner specialty and cfDNA screening result was used to capture a range of experiences. Interview transcripts were analysed using thematic analysis.ResultsParticipants (n = 13) had complex reproductive journeys associated with the translocation and opted for cfDNA screening rather than prenatal diagnosis to avoid risk to their pregnancy. Participants benefited from having a result early in pregnancy and had sufficient confidence in the result to decline a diagnostic testing procedure.ConclusionParticipants' experiences with cfDNA screening were intertwined with the experience of being a carrier of a reciprocal translocation. cfDNA screening with translocation analysis was perceived as an acceptable alternative to prenatal diagnosis and should be made more accessible to balanced translocation carriers. Access to specialist genetic counselling services is needed to ensure couples are provided with information about all prenatal testing options, including the benefits and limitations associated with cfDNA screening with translocation analysis.
Transforming the diabetes outcomes for people with mental illness
Authors: Holt Richard I.G. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThere is a complex bidirectional relationship between diabetes and mental illness, where diabetes is associated with an increased prevalence of a range of mental disorders and several mental illnesses increase the risk of diabetes. The reasons why people with mental illness are at higher risk of diabetes and vice versa are multifactorial. When diabetes and mental illness occur together, the outcomes for both conditions are worsened, and the co‐morbidity places a higher burden on the individual living with the conditions.Severe mental illness is associated with a twofold increased risk of diabetes, and the onset of diabetes is approximately 10 years earlier in people with mental illness than in the general population. Health behaviour interventions to reduce the incidence of diabetes may be less effective than previously thought. However, trials on obesity drugs, particularly glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonists, are showing promise. Diabetes care for people with severe mental illness seems to have improved in the past decade. Interventions have been developed to address the unique challenges of living with severe mental illness and diabetes.Depression is twice as common in people with diabetes. Depression increases the risk of diabetes and vice versa. Although general population risk factors for depression apply to people with diabetes, diabetes‐specific risk factors include the development of complications and insulin use in people with type 2 diabetes. Managing depression includes efforts to prevent depression, timely diagnosis and treatment with psychological or pharmacological treatments.Health care professionals have a responsibility to ensure that people with mental illness and diabetes are not disadvantaged.
Clinical Characteristics and Care Trajectories of Transgender and Gender Diverse Patients With Cancer Seen in a Pediatric Gender Clinic
Authors: Bono Madeline H. , Smith Hannah L. , Williams Coleen R. , McGregor Kerry , Berman Ariel K. , Boskey Elizabeth R. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundThere is very little information on the experiences of transgender and gender diverse (TGD) youth with cancer.AimsTo examine clinical characteristics and care trajectories of TGD youth a history of cancer.MethodsThis case series reviewed records of 2790 pediatric gender clinic patients seen between 2007 and 2022 to identify 14 with a history of cancer diagnosis. Demographics, clinical characteristics, disclosure of gender identity to oncology teams, oncology teams' use of correct names and pronouns, documented interprofessional communication between gender health and oncology teams, and course of medical gender affirmation were reviewed.ResultsOf 14 TGD youth with a history of cancer, 11 (78.6%) were diagnosed prior to presenting to the gender clinic (mean [SD] = 8.2 [4.7] years), three following initial gender care (mean [SD] = 1.1 [0.2] years). Six (42.9%) patients were engaged in annual survivorship care when presenting, and 8 (57.1%) were seen concurrently by both clinics. Nine (64.3%) patients had documented communication between teams. Three‐quarters of patients who were seen concurrently by both clinics had documented interprofessional communication. Eight (57.1%) patients received gender affirming hormones, after cancer treatment concluded.ConclusionTGD youth with cancer experiences present for gender affirming care and merit clinical attention. There was variability in (1) patients' and families' disclosure of TGD identities to oncology teams, (2) whether oncology documentation consistently used patients' correct name and pronouns, and (3) whether there was documented interprofessional consultation between teams. There is need for ongoing improvement in research and clinical protocols for TGD youth with cancer.
An integrated quantitative systems pharmacology virtual population approach for calibration with oncology efficacy endpoints
Authors: Braniff Nathan , Joshi Tanvi , Cassidy Tyler , Trogdon Michael , Kumar Rukmini , Poels Kamrine , Allen Richard , Musante Cynthia J. , Shtylla Blerta 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn drug development, quantitative systems pharmacology (QSP) models are becoming an increasingly important mathematical tool for understanding response variability and for generating predictions to inform development decisions. Virtual populations are essential for sampling uncertainty and potential variability in QSP model predictions, but many clinical efficacy endpoints can be difficult to capture with QSP models that typically rely on mechanistic biomarkers. In oncology, challenges are particularly significant when connecting tumor size with time‐to‐event endpoints like progression‐free survival while also accounting for censoring due to consent withdrawal, loss in follow‐up, or safety criteria. Here, we expand on our prior work and propose an extended virtual population selection algorithm that can jointly match tumor burden dynamics and progression‐free survival times in the presence of censoring. We illustrate the core components of our algorithm through simulation and calibration of a signaling pathway model that was fitted to clinical data for a small molecule targeted inhibitor. This methodology provides an approach that can be tailored to other virtual population simulations aiming to match survival endpoints for solid‐tumor clinical datasets.
Next Generation RNA/Protein‐Carrying Vector With Pleiotropic Activity
Authors: Nosaka Tetsuya , Ohtsuka Junpei , Ohtsuka Tomomi , Fukumura Masayuki 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTHuman parainfluenza virus type 2 (hPIV2), one of the causative agents of infantile common cold, is a non‐segmented negative‐sense RNA virus with a robust gene expression system. It infects recurrently throughout human life without causing severe disease. Because hPIV2 has a viral envelope that can carry ectopic proteins, we developed a non‐propagative RNA/protein‐carrying vector BC‐PIV by deleting the F gene from hPIV2. BC‐PIV can be vigorously proliferated in the stable packaging cell line Vero/BC‐F cells expressing the hPIV2 F gene but not in other cells. BC‐PIV can deliver exogenous gene(s) on a multigenic RNA genome as an inserted gene fragment(s) and simultaneously deliver exogenous protein(s) on its envelope in a membrane‐anchored form. For example, influenza virus M2e protein, Ebola virus GP protein, and severe acute respiratory syndrome‐coronavirus‐2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) spike protein were shown to be highly expressed in packaging cells and incorporated into the virion. The Ebola virus GP protein and SARS‐CoV‐2 spike protein, each delivered via BC‐PIV, efficiently induced neutralising antibodies against each virus, even after prior treatment with recombinant BC‐PIV in mice and hamsters, respectively. In this review, we describe the properties of BC‐PIV as a promising vaccine vector, and also demonstrate its application as an anti‐tumour virus.
Integration of ZnO‐Ag Nanocomposites into PMMA Thin Film for Enhanced Antibacterial Applications
Authors: Kumar Nitesh , Verma Alisha , Aggarwal Rinki , Chauhan Sonal , Jain V.K. , Sengupta Sucheta 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe exploration of advanced materials has become imperative for addressing challenges in diverse fields, including healthcare and infection prevention. This research contributes to this domain by focusing on the synthesis, characterization, and evaluation of ZnO‐Ag nanocomposites and embedding them in PMMA matrix to obtain free‐standing flexible membrane with enhanced antibacterial potential and reusability of material. The study employs a solvothermal method for the decoration of silver nanoparticles onto zinc oxide nanorods, with the objective of harnessing the synergistic antibacterial properties of both materials. The study evaluates the antibacterial potential of the nanocomposites through well diffusion and growth kinetic assays, revealing their enhanced efficacy with a zone of inhibition (ZOI) of 21 ± 1.05 mm against Escherichia coli (E. coli). The implications of this research extend to the realm of biomedical applications, positioning the nanocomposite‐polymer membrane as promising candidates for infection prevention in healthcare premises.
Microstructure and Performance Study of PETMF/WPU Composites Prepared by Water‐Soluble Method
Authors: Lin Lu , Ma Xingyuan , Xue Xinyuan , Gao Xiongzhuang 
Published: November 2024

AbstractCurrently, waterborne polyurethane (WPU)/polyethylene terephthalate (PET) microfiber composites are typically produced using PET/alkali‐soluble polyethylene terebenzoate (COPET) as the island fiber. This involves dissolving COPET with alkali (NaOH) after WPU impregnation, resulting in significant alkali‐containing wastewater and weakening the composites’ strength due to the strong alkali treatment. To address these issues, this study employs PET/PVA island fiber as the raw material, comprising 36 islands. PET serves as the water‐insoluble component, while PVA is the water‐soluble component, with a fiber ratio of 70 % PET to 30 % PVA. The PET/WPU microfiber composites are prepared via a water‐soluble method following WPU impregnation. The study examines the impact of water deweighting time, WPU impregnation amount, and water washing times on the deweighting rate of the composites. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) characterized their microstructure. Findings indicate that with 30 % WPU impregnation, 80 °C water temperature, 40‐minute deweighting time, and three water washes, the deweighting rate of PET/WPU microfiber composites reaches 29.08 %, close to 30 %. SEM analysis confirms that PET/PVA island fiber composites were fully converted into PET/WPU microfiber composites, with most PET/PVA island fibers completely opened. The water‐soluble method presents a novel deweighting technology with significant environmental benefits and considerable research potential.
Association Constant of the Charge‐Transfer Complex Between Pyrene and Naphthalenediimide Derivatives in PDMS Elastomers
Authors: Amemori Shogo , Fukata Tomoya , Hamamoto Ryosuke , Mizuno Motohiro 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPolydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) elastomers with varying crosslink densities were synthesized using prepolymers with different molecular weights. The association constants (Ka) between a pyrene derivative (PySi) and naphthalenediimide derivative (NDISi) were measured in linear PDMS and PDMS elastomers. The shape of the absorption peak in the charge‐transfer (CT) band and the association constants were nearly independent of the crosslink density. Moreover, the temperature dependence of the association constants demonstrated consistent behavior across all PDMS media. This indicates that the structure of the CT complex and the Gibbs free energy of its formation in the PDMS are unaffected by the crosslink density, providing insights into the design of supramolecular architectures formed by the CT complex in a PDMS network.
Pd‐W18O49 Nanowire MEMS Gas Sensor for Ultraselective Dual Detection of Hydrogen and Ammonia
Authors: Park Seon Ju , Lee Soo Min , Lee Jiwoo , Choi Sungkyun , Nam Gi Baek , Jo Yong Kun , Hwang In‐Sung , Jang Ho Won 
Published: November 2024

AbstractDemand for real‐time detection of hydrogen and ammonia, clean energy carriers, in a sensitive and selective manner, is growing rapidly for energy, industrial, and medical applications. Nevertheless, their selective detection still remains a challenge and requires the utilization of diverse sensors, hampering the miniaturization of sensor modules. Herein, a practical approach via material design and facile temperature modulation for dual selectivity is proposed. A Pd nanoparticles‐decorated W18O49 nanowire gas sensor is prepared for dual detection of hydrogen and ammonia. The sensor exhibits distinct operating temperatures for ultraselective detection of hydrogen (125 °C) and ammonia (225 °C), with high responses of 35.3 and 133.8, respectively. This dual selectivity with high sensitivity is attributed to enhanced oxygen adsorption, the chemical affinity of sensing materials for target gases, and distinct reactivity profiles of gases. The proposed sensor is further integrated into a microelectromechanical system, enabling its small size, low power consumption, and rapid temperature modulation. Moreover, the practical feasibility of this sensor platform for smart energy monitoring systems is demonstrated by assessing its sensing properties in electrochemical ammonia oxidation reaction systems. This work can provide a practical approach for developing a single gas sensor with multiple functionalities for application in electronic nose systems.
The Multiple Dimensions of Familiarity: From Representations to Phenomenology
Authors: Gardette Jérémy , Delhaye Emma , Bastin Christine 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThis article focuses on familiarity, the form of memory allowing humans to recognize stimuli that have been encountered before. We aim to emphasize its complex nature which includes representational and phenomenological dimensions. The former implies that its neural correlates depend on the type and complexity of the cue stimulus, as different classes of stimuli are represented in distributed ventral visual and medial temporal regions. The second dimension relates to the subjective feeling of familiarity, which results from a fluency signal that is attributed to past encounters with the stimulus. We review mnemonic and non‐mnemonic sources of fluency that can induce a sense of familiarity, as well as cases where fluency is not attributed to memory, among which the phenomenological experience of déjà‐vu. Across these two dimensions, we highlight key questions to be answered by future studies to improve our understanding of the underpinnings of this form of memory and contribute to building an integrative neurocognitive model of familiarity. Essential to this aim is the clarification of the computational, cognitive, and neural mechanisms involved, namely global matching, fluency attribution, and sharpening. Furthermore, future research is needed to unravel the relationships between these mechanisms. We argue that to achieve these goals, researchers must use appropriate behavioral paradigms and clearly define which dimension of familiarity they investigate.
Engineered Macrophage Exosomes Deliver Drug‐Targeted Therapy for Breast Cancer
Authors: Feng Mingrui , Zhang Lifang , Zou Zhuoling , Xie Mengying , Zhang Jianbo , Wang Jiayang , Wang Keqin , Zhu Jun , Xiong Lixia 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBreast cancer is a highly widespread form of malignant tumor characterized by a high rate of recurrence and mortality; it primarily occurs when tumor cells spread to peripheral regions of the body. Macrophages have a significant impact on the proliferation and metastasis of breast cancer. The exosomes generated by these cells exhibit an extensive spectrum of capabilities in suppressing the spread of cancer cells. These feature very specific targeting properties for breast cancer cells and inhibit the proliferation of cancer cells by altering the immune milieu within the tumor. This study investigates methods for developing macrophage‐derived exosomes, such as using protein‐coupled exosome membranes to protect delivery contents, creating multifunctional biomimetic particles, and utilizing ultrasonic fusion to protect delivery contents. Furthermore, this paper addresses recent advances in producing macrophage exosomes from organic and inorganic materials. In general, targeted treatment for breast cancer could benefit greatly from creating drug delivery systems mediated by macrophage exosomes.
Childhood Experiences, Health and Loneliness
Authors: Kovacic Matija , Schnepf Sylke V. , Blaskó Zsuzsa 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis chapter examines the associations between loneliness, health and adverse childhood experiences. First, it describes the general patterns of these variables across 27 European Union member states. Second, it investigates the association between loneliness and early-life adverse experiences, controlling for individuals’ current situation and demographic and socio-economic conditions. Third, it examines the interplay between adverse childhood conditions and the statistically and economically considerable association between loneliness and physical and mental health outcomes. Finally, the chapter assesses the robustness of the main findings to alternative measures of loneliness. Results show that there is a significant association between adverse childhood experiences and loneliness even after accounting for a range of individual-specific factors, suggesting that feelings of loneliness may be a result not only of individuals’ current circumstances but also of their upbringing. Childhood experiences are also strongly associated with different health outcomes in adulthood. The association between loneliness and health reduces in magnitude once we take account of childhood experiences. In addition to a direct association between early-life conditions and health, this result indicates that adverse childhood conditions may be linked to health outcomes indirectly through loneliness.
Measuring and Improving the Resilience of Outdoor Open Areas Against Terrorist Acts: A Behavioural Design Approach
Authors: Bernardini Gabriele , Cantatore Elena , Fatiguso Fabio , Quagliarini Enrico 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe resilience of the urban outdoor built environment to terrorist acts depends on the interactions among the physical scenario, the attackers, the hosted users, and the mitigation solutions (both structural and non-structural), when implemented. Due to the complexity of the system, expert risk assessment methods should be also supported by simulation-based approaches. In this sense, this chapter first proposes a method to jointly consider hazard, vulnerability, and exposure in outdoor Open Areas (OAs) by then identifying possible emerging typologies and points of attack. Then, the behavioural design approach is used to evaluate the impact of different input conditions on final risk levels depending on the users’ response to the terrorist act. In this sense, the quantification of user exposure and individual vulnerability is provided, since these parameters can vary over time and space, offering a complete view of input scenarios in case of terrorist act in the OAs. Then, the simulation of user behaviours in such defined emergency and evacuation scenarios can be performed thanks to experimental-based models. Key performance indicators (KPIs) are proposed herein to organize simulation results and quantitatively derive the risk levels in the built environment. Finally, regulation-based mitigation and protective strategies are identified, by considering implementation issues, but their effectiveness could be assessed by using the proposed behavioural-design-based methods taking advantage of simulation about the emergency and evacuation process.
Improved radiological imaging of congenital aural atresia using flat-panel volume CT
Authors: Müller-Graff Franz-Tassilo , von Düring Jan , Voelker Johannes , Al-Tinawi Fadi , Hagen Rudolf , Neun Tilmann , Hackenberg Stephan , Rak Kristen 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
Precise preoperative radiological evaluation of aural atresia is of utmost importance for surgical planning. Until now, multislice computed tomography (MSCT) has been used but it cannot adequately visualize small structures such as the stapes. Flat-panel volume CT (fpVCT) with its secondary reconstructions (fpVCTSECO) offers a high-resolution visualization of the middle ear. New otosurgical planning software also enables detailed 3D reconstruction of the middle ear anatomy.

Aim of the work
Evaluation of the use of fpVCTSECO in combination with an otosurgical planning software for a more accurate diagnosis and treatment of congenital aural atresia.

Material and methods
Seven patients with congenital aural atresia underwent preoperative MSCT (600 µm slice thickness) and corresponding fpVCT (466 µm slice thickness). In addition, fpVCTSECO (99 µm slice thickness) were reconstructed. The Jahrsdoerfer and Siegert grading scores were determined and their applicability in the abovementioned imaging modalities was evaluated. In addition, the malleus incus complex was analyzed in 3D rendering.

Results
Imaging with fpVCTSECO enabled reliable visualization of the abnormalities, in particular the ossicular chain. A significant difference in the Siegert grading score was found. In addition, the malleus-incus complex could be visualized better in 3D.

Discussion
The introduction of new imaging techniques and surgical planning techniques into the diagnostic concept of aural atresia facilitates the identification of malformed anatomy and enables systematic analysis. This combination can also help to more accurately classify the pathology and thus increase the safety and success of the surgical procedure.