bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Discontinuation of Acute Prescription Medication for Migraine: Results From the Chronic Migraine Epidemiology and Outcomes (CaMEO) Study
Authors: Lipton Richard B. , Hutchinson Susan , Ailani Jessica , Reed Michael L. , Fanning Kristina M. , Manack Adams Aubrey , Buse Dawn C. 
Published: September 2019

ObjectiveThis analysis assessed migraine‐related burden and treatment decisions in Chronic Migraine Epidemiology and Outcomes (CaMEO) Study survey respondents who stopped taking acute prescription medications for migraine.BackgroundMigraine is a common yet underdiagnosed and undertreated neurological disease often associated with significant disability. Acute prescription medications are underused, in part because patients discontinue treatment. Rates and reasons for discontinuing acute prescription medications require exploration.MethodsThe CaMEO Study is a longitudinal, Internet‐based survey that identified and followed people who met modified ICHD‐3 migraine criteria. For this analysis, eligible respondents had used acute prescription medication for migraine in the past but no longer used or kept these treatments on hand (discontinued users). Respondents who reported discontinuing acute prescription treatment answered questions about length of time since last use and reasons for stopping. Reasons for discontinuing were thematically summarized. Monthly headache day frequency, Migraine Disability Assessment (MIDAS), Patient Health Questionnaire 9‐item depression screener, Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7‐item screener, and the 12‐item Allodynia Symptom Checklist were also assessed.ResultsOf 13,624 respondents with migraine, 4840 (35.5%) had ever used acute prescription medications and 1719 (35.5%) of those were discontinued users. Discontinued users had a mean (SD) age of 42.1 (14) years, and 1348/1719 (78.4%) were female. Monthly headache frequency of 0‐4 days was reported by 1073/1719 (62.4%) of respondents, 5‐9 days by 322/1719 (18.7%), 10‐14 days by 135/1719 (7.9%), and ≥15 days by 189/1719 (11.0%). Two‐thirds (1160/1719 [67.5%]) of discontinued users reported a receiving migraine (or chronic migraine) diagnosis from a doctor or other health professional in the past. Although all had spoken to a doctor about their headaches, 1504/1719 (87.5%) had stopped having their headaches managed or treated by a doctor for at least 12 months. Only 1 in 5 discontinued users reported being able to work or function normally with a headache, and 717/1719 (41.7%) had moderate to severe disability (MIDAS). Among the most commonly reported reasons for prescription medication discontinuation were switching to non‐prescription pain medication (782/1719 [45.5%]), as well as concerns about prescription medication efficacy (484/1719 [28.2%]) and tolerability (428/1719 [24.9%]). Nearly half of respondents who reported either efficacy or tolerability concerns had moderate to severe disability.ConclusionsPeople with migraine who discontinue acute prescription medication have a high level of unmet treatment need. The majority cannot work or function normally with headaches, with 646/1719 (37.6%) of discontinued users reporting 5 or more headache days per month.
A constant postpacing interval in response to overdrive pacing with variable number of beats: An aid in the identification of entrainment for a particular pacing train during macroreentrant atrial tachycardias
Authors: Arceluz Martín R. , Barrio Teresa , Castellanos Eduardo , Salgado Ricardo , García Javier , Lázaro Rivera Carla , Ortiz Mercedes , Lucena Pardos Irené , Almendral Jesús 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackgroundWhen pacing trains with a constant cycle length (CL) but increasing number of beats are introduced during a macroreentrant atrial tachycardia (MAT), the postpacing interval (PPI) is expected to increase if entrainment does not occur but could be stable if entrainment occurs. We tested the ability of PPI analysis to detect entrainment.MethodsSynchronized pacing trains with increasing number of beats (1‐20) were delivered from the coronary sinus (CS) and lateral right atrium (RA) at a CL 20 ms shorter than the MAT CL. Pacing trains were grouped in pairs differing by one‐paced beat, and the ∆PPI measured.ResultsIn an initial prospective cohort of 21 patients (48% had left atrial flutter) the mean ∆PPI was 21.3 ± 5.6 ms for pairs of pacing trains in which neither entrained the MAT and 2.8 ± 1.4 ms for those in which both entrained the MAT (P < .0001). Results were similar for common vs atypical flutter, PPI‐TCL ≤30 ms vs PPI‐TCL >30 ms, presence vs absence of antiarrhythmic drugs and faster vs slower MAT. When an index pacing train was compared to one with two‐paced beats less, a PPI difference of <19 ms identified entrainment with 95% sensitivity and 98% specificity. In a validation cohort of 16 patients, this cut‐off value resulted in sensitivity and specificity of 90% and 94%.ConclusionsA relatively constant ∆PPI in response to overdrive pacing with identical CL but different number of beats allows accurate discrimination between trains that entrained vs those which did not entrain a MAT.
Influence of the depth of intraradicular dentin on the pushout bond strength of resin materials
Authors: Yumi Umeda Suzuki Thaís , Gomes‐Filho João Eduardo , Fraga Briso André Luiz , Gonçalves Assunção Wirley , dos Santos Paulo Henrique 
Published: September 2019

AbstractAimThe aim of the present study was to evaluate the pushout bond strength between glass‐fiber posts to different regions of intraradicular dentin with different materials for adhesive cementation.MethodsAfter endodontic filling, 40 teeth were divided into five groups according to adhesive cementation: Adper Single Bond 2 + RelyX ARC, Excite DSC + RelyX ARC (EXC), Adper SE Plus + RelyX ARC (SEP), RelyX Unicem, and Set. After the bonding process, roots were sectioned obtaining slices to be analyzed from each third. The bond strength was measured using the pushout test in a universal testing machine (Emic DL 3000) at a cross‐head speed of .5 mm/minutes in different areas of the post space (cervical, middle, and apical). Data were subjected to analysis of variance and Fisher's test (α = .05).ResultsThe highest values for the pushout bond strength were found for the SEP group in all experimental conditions, without a significant difference for the EXC group in the middle and apical regions. There was a decrease in pushout bond strength in the cervical‐apical direction for all groups, except the EXC group, which did not show a difference among the different regions.ConclusionsThe different interactions of the resin materials and the intraradicular depth influenced the bond strength of adhesives materials to dentin substrate.
Lifting the veil on the correction of double counting incidents in hybrid life cycle assessment
Authors: Agez Maxime , Majeau‐Bettez Guillaume , Margni Manuele , Strømman Anders H. , Samson Réjean 
Published: September 2019

AbstractLife cycle assessment (LCA) and environmentally extended input–output analyses (EEIOA) are two techniques commonly used to assess environmental impacts of an activity/product. Their strengths and weaknesses are complementary, and they are thus regularly combined to obtain hybrid LCAs. A number of approaches in hybrid LCA exist, which leads to different results. One of the differences is the method used to ensure that mixed LCA and EEIOA data do not overlap, which is referred to as correction for double counting. This aspect of hybrid LCA is often ignored in reports of hybrid assessments and no comprehensive study has been carried out on it. This article strives to list, compare, and analyze the different existing methods for the correction of double counting. We first harmonize the definitions of the existing correction methods and express them in a common notation, before introducing a streamlined variant. We then compare their respective assumptions and limitations. We discuss the loss of specific information regarding the studied activity/product and the loss of coherent financial representation caused by some of the correction methods. This analysis clarifies which techniques are most applicable to different tasks, from hybridizing individual LCA processes to integrating complete databases. We finally conclude by giving recommendations for future hybrid analyses.
Ableism Special Issue Introduction
Authors: Bogart Kathleen R. , Dunn Dana S. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractIn this special issue, we define ableism as stereotyping, prejudice, discrimination, and social oppression toward people with disabilities—the largest minority group in the United States. People with disabilities are broadly defined as those who have conditions that are commonly perceived to be disabilities by the general public, including physical, sensory, and intellectual disabilities, in addition to invisible disabilities, chronic health conditions, psychiatric conditions, and others. Foundational work on language, stigma, models of disability, and social and rehabilitation psychology is reviewed. The issue has three areas of focus: social and individual‐level predictors of ableism, experiences and consequences of ableism, and navigating and resisting ableism.
A clinicopathological study of 17 cases of ocular surface xanthogranuloma in dogs
Authors: Harvey Alexandra M. , Teixeira Leandro B. C. , Dubielzig Richard R. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the clinical, histopathological, and immunohistochemical features of 17 cases of ocular surface xanthogranuloma (OSX) in dogs.MethodsArchived records from the Comparative Ocular Pathology Laboratory of Wisconsin (COPLOW) were searched for cases of canine OSX. Cases were evaluated for lipid‐laden macrophages and Touton giant cells. Seventeen cases matching those criteria were identified (1993‐2018). Clinical and epidemiological data were collected from the submission forms and additional follow‐up survey.ResultsOcular surface xanthogranuloma in dogs presented as small bland nodules. OSX commonly occurred at the limbus (8/17) or cornea (4/17). Three of 17 affected animals were less than 1‐year‐old and the average age was 6.9 years (range 0.7‐14 years). Fourteen of 17 cases did not report any lipid or metabolic abnormalities. Histologically, lesions were composed mainly of dense sheets of vacuolated lipid‐laden macrophages and Touton giant cells with scant additional inflammatory cells and an intact overlying epithelium. No recurrence was noted in cases where complete surgical resection was achieved, and medical treatment either pre or post‐resection led to only partial resolution.ConclusionsXanthogranulomas are histiocytic lesions characterized by abundant lipid‐laden macrophages. The authors use the term, ocular surface xanthogranuloma, to describe nodules with rigidly defined cellular characteristics. Although these lesions share characteristics with human limbal xanthogranulomas, further investigation is needed to suggest the different subsets that have been reported in the medical literature. Complete surgical excision is the most effective treatment for OSX in dogs, and intralesional triamcinolone and topical steroids can be useful adjunctive therapies to surgery.
Does Simulation Training for Acute Care Nurses Improve Patient Safety Outcomes: A Systematic Review to Inform Evidence‐Based Practice
Authors: Lewis Kimberly A. , Ricks Tiffany N. , Rowin Antoinette , Ndlovu Chipo , Goldstein Leigh , McElvogue Christina 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackgroundSimulation is increasingly used as a training tool for acute care medical‐surgical nurses to improve patient safety outcomes. A synthesis of the evidence is needed to describe the characteristics of research studies about acute care nurse simulation trainings and patient safety. An additional purpose is to examine the effects of acute care registered nurse (RN) simulation trainings on patient safety outcomes.MethodsFive Internet databases were searched for articles published on any date through October 2018 examining the effect of RN simulation trainings on patient safety outcomes in the adult acute care setting.SampleN = 12 articles represented 844 RNs of varying experience levels and 271 interprofessional participants.ResultsNine studies (75%) used high‐fidelity scenarios developed locally about high risk but infrequent events. Five studies (42%) incorporated interdisciplinary team members in the scenarios and/or outcome evaluations. Outcome measures were self‐reported, direct observation, or clinical indicators. All studies in this review achieved improved patient safety outcomes. It is unknown how outcomes vary for different groups of RNs because of insufficient gender, ethnicity/race, and age reporting.Linking Evidence to ActionFindings support the design of simulation training research studies for patient safety outcomes and use of simulation training and research in acute care RNs. Additional high‐quality research is needed to support this field. Future studies should include descriptors that characterize the sample (i.e., age, gender, education level, type of nursing degree, ethnicity or race, or years of experience); incorporate interdisciplinary teams; evaluate a combination of outcome measure types (i.e., self‐report, direct observation, and clinical outcomes) both proximal and distal to the simulation; and that utilize standardized scenarios, validated outcome measure instruments, and standardized debriefing tools.
An Evidence‐Based Approach to Outcome Measurement in Oral and Dental Health Services: Oral Health‐Related Quality of Life and Oral Health Impact
Authors: Top Mehmet , Sönmez Seda , Aslan Hüseyin 
Published: September 2019

AbstractPurposeThe purpose of this study was to examine the Oral Health‐Related Quality of Life (OHRQOL) and Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP) of oral and dental health patients in terms of gender, educational status, and the reason for coming to the oral health center. Also, we investigated the relationships between OHRQOL and OHIP.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study was conducted and planned for dental patients in Turkey. OHRQOL‐United Kingdom (OHRQOL‐UK) and OHIP‐14 were used for data collection. Descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, student t‐tests, and ANOVA were used for data analyses.ResultsOf 527 respondents, 62.8% were female, and 37.2% were male. One‐hundred‐forty‐one (26.8%) participants were illiterate. Three‐hundred‐fifty‐four (67.20%) dental patients had an elementary school degree. Only 32 (6.10%) participants graduated from college and bachelor programs. For dimensions of the OHIP‐14 and OHRQOL‐UK, we detected statistically significant differences in personal characteristics. We found that gender, marital status, age, education status, and reasons for coming to the hospital have a significant impact on OHRQOL and OHIP.Linking Evidence to ActionThese results are expected to provide important evidence‐based information to health managers and decision‐makers in health planning and reimbursement policies. Clinicians and health managers should use OHIP, quality of life (QOL), and evidence‐based practice to determine individual treatments and approaches to improve oral health. QOL is an outcome indicator in healthcare services and evidence‐based practice. Measurements of evidence‐based health outcomes in national health systems can be made, and global comparisons and policies in oral and dental health can be developed.
Studies on Solids Flow in a Cold Model of a Dual Fluidized Bed Reactor for Chemical Looping Combustion of Solid Fuels
Authors: Idziak Kamil , Czakiert Tomasz , Krzywanski Jaroslaw , Zylka Anna , Nowak Wojciech 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe results of investigations on solids flow in a cold model of the dual fluidized bed reactor designed for chemical looping combustion of solid fuels (DFB-CLC-SF) are presented in this paper. The constructed unit consists of two interconnected reactors. The first one, so-called fuel reactor (FR), is operated under bubbling fluidized bed (BFB) conditions, whereas the second one, so-called air reactor (AR), is structurally divided into two sections. The bottom part of AR works under BFB while the upper part, i.e., the riser, is operated in the fast fluidized bed (FFB) regime. In these studies, the air was used for fluidization process in all parts of the DFB-CLC-SF reactor. The glass beads with similar parameters to oxygen carriers (OCs) used in the CLC process were utilized as an inventory. The fluidization conditions are controlled by using the sets of pressure sensors installed around the circulation loop. The experimental data acquired in the tests are further employed to the analysis of solids behavior in a cold model of the DFB-CLC-SF reactor. The main goal of these studies was to establish the conditions for smooth fluidization, which concurrently provide the required residence time of solids in both reactors that is one of the most crucial factors in the CLC process. It was found that the fluidizing gas velocity in reactors has a significant impact on solids behavior and the investigated parameters. However, what is the most important, it was confirmed that the operation condition of the DFB-CLC-SF reactor can be adjusted to meet the requirements resulting from the properties of OCs.
Exploring the law of detrital zircon: LA-ICP-MS and CA-TIMS geochronology of Jurassic forearc strata, Cook Inlet, Alaska, USA
Authors: Herriott Trystan M. , Crowley James L. , Schmitz Mark D. , Wartes Marwan A. , Gillis Robert J. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractUranium-lead (U-Pb) geochronology studies commonly employ the law of detrital zircon: A sedimentary rock cannot be older than its youngest zircon. This premise permits maximum depositional ages (MDAs) to be applied in chronostratigraphy, but geochronologic dates are complicated by uncertainty. We conducted laser ablation–inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) and chemical abrasion–thermal ionization mass spectrometry (CA-TIMS) of detrital zircon in forearc strata of southern Alaska (USA) to assess the accuracy of several MDA approaches. Six samples from Middle–Upper Jurassic units are generally replete with youthful zircon and underwent three rounds of analysis: (1) LA-ICP-MS of ∼115 grains, with one date per zircon; (2) LA-ICP-MS of the ∼15 youngest grains identified in round 1, acquiring two additional dates per zircon; and (3) CA-TIMS of the ∼5 youngest grains identified by LA-ICP-MS. The youngest single-grain LA-ICP-MS dates are all younger than—and rarely overlap at 2σ uncertainty with—the CA-TIMS MDAs. The youngest kernel density estimation modes are typically several million years older than the CA-TIMS MDAs. Weighted means of round 1 dates that define the youngest statistical populations yield the best coincidence with CA-TIMS MDAs. CA-TIMS dating of the youngest zircon identified by LA-ICP-MS is indispensable for critical MDA applications, eliminating laser-induced matrix effects, mitigating and evaluating Pb loss, and resolving complexities of interpreting lower-precision, normally distributed LA-ICP-MS dates. Finally, numerous CA-TIMS MDAs in this study are younger than Bathonian(?)–Callovian and Oxfordian faunal correlations suggest, highlighting the need for additional radioisotopic constraints—including CA-TIMS MDAs—for the Middle–Late Jurassic geologic time scale.
Surfing in and on microbial mats: Oxygen-related behavior of a terminal Ediacaran bilaterian animal
Authors: Xiao Shuhai , Chen Zhe , Zhou Chuanming , Yuan Xunlai 
Published: September 2019

AbstractGeochemical evidence suggests that terminal Ediacaran (ca. 551–539 Ma) oceans experienced expansive anoxia and dynamic redox conditions, which are expected to have impacted animal distribution and behaviors. However, fossil evidence for oxygen-related behaviors of terminal Ediacaran animals is poorly documented. Here, we report a terminal Ediacaran trace fossil that records redox-regulated behaviors. This trace fossil, Yichnus levis new ichnogenus and new ichnospecies, consists of short and uniserially aligned segments of horizontal burrows that are closely associated with microbial mats. Thin-section analysis shows that the trace-making animal moved repeatedly in and out of microbial mats, with mat-burrowing intervals interspersed by epibenthic intermissions. This animal is hypothesized to have been a bilaterian exploring an oxygen oasis in microbial mats. Such intermittent burrowing behavior reflects challenging and dynamic redox conditions in both the water column and microbial mats, highlighting the close relationship between terminal Ediacaran animals and redox dynamics.
Streamlining workflows and redesigning job roles in the theatre sterile surgical unit
Authors: Lum Brandon , Png Hong Muay , Yap Hock Lan , Tan Cindy , Sun Bixian , Law Yen Hoon 
Published: September 2019

The theatre sterile surgical unit (TSSU) is an essential core to support the operating theatres in National University Hospital. Surgical instruments and supplies are processed, packaged and sterilised safe for surgical procedures. A rapid improvement event adopting lean methodology was conducted with the TSSU team to streamline the workflows in this area.The project aimed to identify TSSU work processes that can be streamlined or automated, improving timeliness while identifying potential for role redesign and maximising human resource.The team successfully implemented initiatives to eliminate unnecessary workflows and achieve workload levelling. This reduced instrument processing time by 5%, while replenishment times of surgical supplies to the operating theatres decreased by 29%. The team successfully redesigned the TSSU job roles, converting several nursing staff to non-nursing roles. Long-term initiatives such as the use of disposables and an improved theatre instrument management system were planned for as well.Initiatives derived from this project can be spread to other sterile supply units within the hospital, further optimising the use of resources at a hospital level. The concept of role redesign was found to be applicable to healthcare, highlighting its potential in other areas of the hospital.
Tracking and tracing the tobacco industry: potential tobacco industry influence over the EU’s system for tobacco traceability and security features
Authors: Gallagher Allen William Andrew , Gilmore Anna B , Eads Michael 
Published: September 2019

BackgroundSubsequent to the transnational tobacco companies’ (TTC) history of involvement in tobacco smuggling, the Illicit Trade Protocol (ITP) requires that tobacco tracking and tracing (T&T) systems be established independent of the industry. In response, TTCs developed a T&T system, originally called Codentify, promoting it via an elaborate set of front groups to create a false impression of independence. The European Union (EU) is one of the first and largest jurisdictions to operationalise T&T. We explore how industry efforts to influence T&T have evolved.MethodsAnalysis of tobacco industry documents, policy documents, submissions to a relevant consultation and relationships between the tobacco industry and organisations proposed by it and approved by the European Commission to provide a data repository function within the EU’s T&T system.Findings17 months after TTCs sold Codentify to Inexto and Philip Morris International claimed Inexto was independent, leaked documents suggest TTCs and Inexto continued to have a financial and operational relationship. Inexto’s meetings with TTCs, engagement with EU Member States and promotion of industry-favoured technical standards suggest TTCs influenced Inexto’s activities, using the company to undermine EU T&T. The EU’s T&T system appears to be inconsistent with the ITP due to its ‘mixed’ governance and seven of eight organisations approved as data repository providers having pre-existing industry business links.ConclusionsTTC’s efforts to maximise their control and minimise external scrutiny of T&T systems seriously limit attempts to address tobacco smuggling. Countries implementing T&T should be alert to such efforts and should not replicate the EU system.