bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On‐line estimation of switched reluctance motor parameters
Authors: Aguado‐Rojas Missie , Maya‐Ortiz Paul , Espinosa‐Pérez Gerardo 
Published: April 2018

SummaryThis paper addresses the problem of on‐line parameter estimation of switched reluctance motors and provides, to the best of the authors' knowledge, the first result that takes into account the dynamics of both electrical and mechanical subsystems. Based on a widely‐used standard model of the motor and establishing a reasonable structure for modeling the unknown load torque, a linear parametric model is derived and a 2‐stage identification scheme is proposed and implemented with the recursive least‐squares algorithm with forgetting factor. It is assumed that stator voltages and currents and rotor position and speed are available through measurements. Numerical simulations and experimental tests are included for a 3‐phase 12/8 switched reluctance motor. The results show a good performance of the proposed methodology, and the estimated parameters are validated through their use in a closed‐loop control scheme. Key features of the proposed solution are that it does not rely on locked‐rotor tests nor does it assume previous knowledge of the magnetization curves of the motor. The estimation scheme is intended to improve the performance and efficiency of currently available control algorithms, and it is potentially useful for the design of selfcommissioning switched reluctance drives, ie, drives that can automatically adjust the controller parameters for a wide range of motors and loads.
A Semitransparent Inorganic Perovskite Film for Overcoming Ultraviolet Light Instability of Organic Solar Cells and Achieving 14.03% Efficiency
Authors: Chen Weijie , Zhang Jingwen , Xu Guiying , Xue Rongming , Li Yaowen , Zhou Yinhua , Hou Jianhui , Li Yongfang 
Published: April 2018

AbstractOrganic solar cells (OSCs) can be unstable under ultraviolet (UV) irradiation. To address this issue and enhance the power conversion efficiency (PCE), an inorganic‐perovskite/organic four‐terminal tandem solar cell (TSC) based on a semitransparent inorganic CsPbBr3 perovskite solar cell (pero‐SC) as the top cell and an OSC as bottom cell is constructed. The high‐quality CsPbBr3 photoactive layer of the planar pero‐SC is prepared with a dual‐source vacuum coevaporation method, using stoichiometric precursors of CsBr and PbBr2 with a low evaporation rate. The resultant opaque planar pero‐SC exhibits an ultrahigh open‐circuit voltage of 1.44 V and the highest reported PCE of 7.78% for a CsPbBr3‐based planar pero‐SC. Importantly, the devices show no degradation after 120 h UV light illumination. The related semitransparent pero‐SC can almost completely filter UV light and well maintain photovoltaic performance; it additionally shows an extremely high average visible transmittance. When it is used to construct a TSC, the top pero‐SC acting as a UV filter can utilize UV light for photoelectric conversion, avoiding the instability problem of UV light on the bottom OSC that can meet the industrial standards of UV‐light stability for solar cells, and leading to the highest reported PCE of 14.03% for the inorganic‐perovskite/organic TSC.
Diastereospecific Bis‐alkoxycarbonylation of 1,2‐Disubstituted Olefins Catalyzed by Aryl α‐Diimine Palladium(II) Catalysts
Authors: Olivieri Diego , Fini Francesco , Mazzoni Rita , Zacchini Stefano , Della Ca' Nicola , Spadoni Gilberto , Gabriele Bartolo , Mancuso Raffaella , Zanotti Valerio , Carfagna Carla 
Published: April 2018

AbstractReadily synthesized aryl α‐diimine derivatives have been used as efficient ligands for the palladium‐catalyzed oxidative bis‐alkoxycarbonylation reaction of 1,2‐disubstituted olefins. The most active catalyst A was formed in situ from bis‐(2,6‐dimethylphenyl)‐2,3‐dimethyl‐1,4‐diazabutadiene and Pd(TFA)2 (TFA=trifluoroacetate). This catalytic system was able to selectively convert 1,2‐disubstituted olefins into 2,3‐disubstituted‐succinic diesters with total diastereospecificity, in good yields (up to 97%) with 2 mol% of catalyst loading, under mild reaction conditions (4 bar of CO at 20 °C in presence of p‐ toluenesulfonic acid as additive and p‐benzoquinone as oxidant). The optimized reaction conditions could be successfully applied to 1,2‐disubstituted aromatic, aliphatic, cyclic olefins and to unsaturated fatty acid methyl esters, employing methanol or benzyl alcohol as nucleophiles. The use of the bulky, less reactive isopropyl alcohol has allowed to better understand the mechanisms involved in the catalytic process. The geometry of the carbonylated products can be explained as a consequence of a concerted syn addition of the Pd‐alkoxycarbonyl moiety to the olefin C=C bond. Catalyst A was isolated, characterized and analyzed by single crystal X‐ray diffraction analysis.magnified image
Effect of Dislocation Arrays at Grain Boundaries on Electronic Transport Properties of Bismuth Antimony Telluride: Unified Strategy for High Thermoelectric Performance
Authors: Hwang Jae‐Yeol , Kim Jungwon , Kim Hyun‐Sik , Kim Sang‐Il , Lee Kyu Hyoung , Kim Sung Wng 
Published: April 2018

AbstractTaming electronic and thermal transport properties is the ultimate goal in the quest to achieve unprecedentedly high performance in thermoelectric (TE) materials. Most state‐of‐the‐art TE materials are inherently narrow bandgap semiconductors, which have an inevitable contribution from minority carriers, concurrently decreasing Seebeck coefficient and increasing thermal conductivity. Nevertheless, the restraint control of minority carrier transport is seldom considered as a key element to enhance the TE figure of merit (zT). Herein, it is verified that the localized dislocation arrays at grain boundaries enable the suppression of minority carrier contribution to electronic transport properties, resulting in an increase of the Seebeck coefficient and the carrier mobility in bismuth antimony tellurides. It is also suggested that the suppression of minority carriers via the generation of dislocation arrays at grain boundaries is an effective and noninvasive strategy to optimize overall electronic transport properties without sacrificing predominant characteristics of majority carriers in TE materials.
Bifunctional Conducting Polymer Coated CoP Core–Shell Nanowires on Carbon Paper as a Free‐Standing Anode for Sodium Ion Batteries
Authors: Zhang Jing , Zhang Kai , Yang Junghoon , Lee Gi‐Hyeok , Shin Jeongyim , Wing‐hei Lau Vincent , Kang Yong‐Mook 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThis study proposes a conformal surface coating of conducting polymer for protecting 1D nanostructured electrode material, thereby enabling a free‐standing electrode without binder for sodium ion batteries. Here, polypyrrole (PPy), which is one of the representative conducting polymers, encapsulated cobalt phosphide (CoP) nanowires (NWs) grown on carbon paper (CP), finally realizes 1D core–shell CoP@PPy NWs/CP. The CoP core is connected to the PPy shell via strong chemical bonding, which can maintain a Co–PPy framework during charge/discharge. It also possesses bifunctional features that enhances the charge transfer and buffers the volume expansion. Consequently, 1D core–shell CoP@PPy NWs/CP demonstrates superb electrochemical performance, delivering a high areal capacity of 0.521 mA h cm−2 at 0.15 mA cm−2 after 100 cycles, and 0.443 mA h cm−2 at 1.5 mA cm−2 even after 1000 cycles. Even at a high current density of 3 mA cm−2, a significant areal discharge capacity reaching 0.285 mA h cm−2 is still maintained. The outstanding performance of the CoP@PPy NWs/CP free‐standing anode provides not only a novel insight into the modulated volume expansion of anode materials but also one of the most effective strategies for binder‐free and free‐standing electrodes with decent mechanical endurance for future secondary batteries.
Kristall‐Adaptronik: Mechanisch rekonfigurierbare elastische und superelastische molekulare Kristalle
Authors: Ahmed Ejaz , Karothu Durga Prasad , Naumov Panče 
Published: April 2018

AbstractMechanisch rekonfigurierbare molekulare Kristalle – geordnete Materialien, die sich an eine Reihe von Umwelt‐ und Betriebsbedingungen durch bewegungsinduzierte Deformation anpassen können – entwickeln sich rasch zu einer neuen Forschungsrichtung in den Materialwissenschaften, genannt: Kristall‐Adaptronik. Eigenschaften wie Elastizität, Superelastizität oder Ferroelastizität, die sonst nur mit anorganischen Materialien verbunden werden, aber auch Formgedächtnis‐ und Selbstheilungseffekte, welche klassisch mit weichen Materialien wie Polymeren in Verbindung gebracht werden, sind zunehmend auch bei molekularen Kristallen zu finden. Nichtsdestotrotz sind die Mechanismen dieser Effekte, ihre Quantifizierung und die Verbindung mit der Kristallstruktur für viele Chemiker und Materialwissenschaftler nicht sofort ersichtlich. Dieser Übersichtsartikel vermittelt einen aktuellen Überblick über elastische, superelastische und ferroelastische molekulare Kristalle – eine Klasse von Materialien, die die Brücke schlagen zwischen weichen und anorganischen Materialien. Die Auffindung und Detektion dieser unkonventionellen Eigenschaften sowie der zugrundeliegenden strukturellen Eigenschaften der damit verbundenen molekularen Materialien werden dargelegt und am Beispiel einiger prominenter Vertreter diskutiert.
Photocatalytic degradation of trichloroethylene over BiOCl under UV irradiation
Authors: Liu Wei , Yang Qi , Wang Zhen , Lv Xiaofan , Yang Zhilin 
Published: April 2018

In this study, BiOCl samples were synthesized under different pH values and characterized by XRD, SEM, UV‐vis DRS, BET, photoelectrochemical measurement and PL. The photocatalytic performances of the as‐prepared samples were evaluated through the decomposition of trichloroethylene (TCE) under UV irradiation. The influences of several parameters such as solution pH and common inorganic anions on TCE removal were investigated. Results indicated that BiOCl‐0.6 exhibited better photocatalytic performance than BiOCl‐6.0 because of its higher migration ability of photo‐induced carrier. The photocatalytic degradation of TCE over BiOCl‐0.6 followed pseudo first‐order kinetics and appeared to be more efficient in acidic solution than in alkaline. TCE was almost completely dechlorinated in 120 minutes. The inhibiting effect of naturally occurring anions was in the order of HCO3‐ >SO42‐ >NO3‐, while Cl‐ exhibited a dual effect. Moreover, BiOCl‐0.6 exhibited superior reusability after three cycles of repetition tests.
Das CRISPR/Cas‐System
Authors: Schindele Patrick , Wolter Felix , Puchta Holger 
Published: April 2018

ZusammenfassungDie Pflanzenzucht nutzte bisher ungezielte und zeitintensive Verfahren, um Verbesserungen in den agronomischen Eigenschaften unserer Kulturpflanzen zu erreichen. Dies hat sich in den vergangenen Jahren grundlegend geändert, denn mit dem CRISPR/Cas‐System steht nun ein hochpräzises und zuverlässiges Werkzeug zur Verfügung, um diese Ziele schnell und effizient zu erreichen. Durch die programmierbare Induktion von Doppelstrangbrüchen können gezielt an fast jeder beliebigen Stelle im Genom die gewünschten Veränderungen vorgenommen werden, die sich nicht mehr von natürlichen Veränderungen unterscheiden lassen. So entstanden bereits eine Reihe von Kulturpflanzen mit agronomisch interessanten Eigenschaften. Die momentane Charakterisierung weiterer CRISPR/Cas‐Systeme erweitert nicht nur unseren molekularen Werkzeugkasten, sondern beginnt die gesamte Biotechnologie und Biologie grundlegend zu verändern.
Sustainable business models: Providing a more holistic perspective
Authors: Lozano Rodrigo 
Published: April 2018

AbstractCorporate sustainability has recently been challenging traditional business models that have been based on value proposition, creation and capture. There has been a steady increase in publications using the term “sustainable business models”; however, there have been few that have theoretically defined or characterized the term, and in most cases, they just apply the term. Seven peer‐reviewed papers were selected that aimed to define and explain sustainable business models and that have been widely cited. The papers were analyzed by assessing the elements and activities covered using the corporate sustainability framework, and by comparing them against four approaches to explain organizations. The paper proposes a definition and framework for more sustainable business models aimed at integrating organizational approaches, the company system, stakeholders, change and sustainability dimensions, thus providing a more holistic and systemic approach to discourses on sustainable business models.
“How can you make friends if you don't know who you are?” A qualitative examination of international students' experience informed by the Social Identity Model of Identity Change
Authors: Ng Nikole W.K. , Haslam S. Alexander , Haslam Catherine , Cruwys Tegan 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThis paper explores the contribution of social identity change to international students' health and well‐being. International students typically face a range of challenges from the time they leave their home country, including the need to adapt both to a new culture and norms and to a new educational landscape. Previous research informed by the Social Identity Model of Identity Change (SIMIC) suggests that during such life transitions, an individual's group memberships and associated social identities can provide a buffer against the threats to well‐being that such transitions present. To examine the relevance of SIMIC for the transitions that international students' experience, semistructured interviews were conducted with 15 international students attending an Australian university. Thematic analysis provided support for the relevance of SIMIC's social identity gain and social identity maintenance pathways in the transition and revealed a number of associated factors that acted as either facilitators (e.g., a host family that supported community integration) or barriers (e.g., experiencing culture shock) to social identity change. These findings present the first qualitative support for SIMIC within an international student population and help to flesh out the specific ways in which social identity processes contribute to both positive and negative health and well‐being outcomes.
Synthetic MUC1 Antitumor Vaccine with Incorporated 2,3‐Sialyl‐T Carbohydrate Antigen Inducing Strong Immune Responses with Isotype Specificity
Authors: Straßburger David , Glaffig Markus , Stergiou Natascha , Bialas Sabrina , Besenius Pol , Schmitt Edgar , Kunz Horst 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe endothelial glycoprotein MUC1 is known to underlie alterations in cancer by means of aberrant glycosylation accompanied by changes in morphology. The heavily shortened glycans induce a collapse of the peptide backbone and enable accessibility of the latter to immune cells, rendering it a tumor‐associated antigen. Synthetic vaccines based on MUC1 tandem repeat motifs, comprising tumor‐associated 2,3‐sialyl‐T antigen, conjugated to the immunostimulating tetanus toxoid, are reported herein. Immunization with these vaccines in a simple water/oil emulsion produced a strong immune response in mice to which stimulation with complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) was not superior. In both cases, high levels of IgG1 and IgG2a/b were induced in C57BL/6 mice. Additional glycosylation in the immunodominant PDTRP domain led to improved binding of the induced antisera to MCF‐7 breast tumor cells, compared with that of the monoglycosylated peptide vaccine.
TAVR in bicuspid aortic valve stenosis: “We are not there yet” to draw final conclusions
Authors: De Backer Ole , Søndergaard Lars 
Published: April 2018

Key Points

TAVR for bicuspid AS is not associated with excess mortality, but paravalvular leak and pacemaker implant is increased compared to tricuspid AS cohorts undergoing TAVR.
Operators should weigh these potential complications against the clinical benefit obtained with TAVR for bicuspid AS patients at high surgical risk.
A randomized controlled trial comparing TAVR with SAVR in younger, low‐surgical risk patients with—or at least not excluding—bicuspid AS is strongly needed.
Not all that is red is blood: a curious case of chromaturia
Authors: Koratala Abhilash , Chamarthi Gajapathiraju , Segal Mark S. 
Published: April 2018

Key Clinical MessageHydroxocobalamin causes reddish discoloration of the urine, mimicking hematuria. Clinicians should be aware of this common side effect of the rarely used drug to prevent unnecessary consultations and work‐up. Additional benign causes of red urine include foods such as beets, rhubarb, and medications such as rifampin, phenazopyridine.
Highly Active Layered Titanosilicate Catalyst with High Surface Density of Isolated Titanium on the Accessible Interlayer Surface
Authors: Tsunoji Nao , Opanasenko Maksym V. , Kubů Martin , Čejka Jiří , Nishida Hidechika , Hayakawa Shinjiro , Ide Yusuke , Sadakane Masahiro , Sano Tsuneji 
Published: April 2018

AbstractMetallosilicate catalysts with tetrahedrally coordinated transition metals are attractive because of their high selectivity in the oxidation of hydrocarbons. Here, we report highly active titanosilicate catalysts featuring an isolated titanium species with a uniform tetrahedral coordination state, unusually high surface density, and high accessibility of the Ti active sites. The layered titanosilicate prepared by grafting of TiIV acetylacetonate onto the surfaces of the crystalline layered silicate, HUS‐7, showed excellent catalytic performance in the epoxidation of cyclohexene with tert‐butyl hydroperoxide as an oxidant (turnover frequency of 230 h−1 and reaction rate of 314 mmol g−1 h−1).
Focusing on Relevant Features Governing the Electrochemical Behavior of Li(4‐x)/3Ti(5‐2x)/3CrxO4 Electrode Material
Authors: Álvarez‐Serrano Inmaculada , López María Luisa , Rodríguez‐Aguado Elena , Rodríguez‐Castellón Enrique , Pico Carlos 
Published: April 2018

AbstractTwo sets of the spinel‐type compounds Li(4‐x)/3Ti(5‐2x)/3CrxO4 (LTCO) with x=0, 0.1, and 0.2 were prepared from two synthetic strategies implying different precursors (freshly obtained titanium glycolate and amorphous hydrated titanium oxide). These routes allowed to synthesize samples with high purity (for x=0.2) and significant different microstructure. Structural and compositional characterization revealed the existence of an atomic percentage of 0.08 Cr6+ cations at the tetrahedral sites of the spinel‐type structure. Concomitantly, the corresponding amount of Ti3+ cations is stabilized. The electrochemical response is evaluated in LTCO‐composites materials fabricated with environmentally friendly sodium alginate as a binder. The phase with x=0.2 prepared from the glycolate precursor at a temperature as low as 600 °C shows good electrochemical performance. Thus, capacity values greater than 200 mA h g−1 at 0.5C are related to an increase in the value of lithium‐ion diffusion coefficient (ca. 2.67×10−12 cm2 s−1, as estimated from electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, EIS). Furthermore, when this electrode is cycled at high density current rates (2C), discharge capacity values of ∼125 mA h g−1 are obtained, which means a retention of 63 and 52 % in the cycles 700th and 1000th, respectively. The remarkable electrochemical response displayed is interpreted considering different concurrent features: an appropriate microstructure, an aqueous binder, and the stabilization of mixed‐valent titanium (Ti4+/Ti3+) and chromium (Cr6+/Cr3+) cations at the surface.
Towards the Prediction of Global Solution State Properties for Hydrogen Bonded, Self‐Associating Amphiphiles
Authors: White Lisa J. , Tyuleva Stilyana N. , Wilson Ben , Shepherd Helena J. , Ng Kendrick K. L. , Holder Simon J. , Clark Ewan R. , Hiscock Jennifer R. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThrough this extensive structure–property study we show that critical micelle concentration correlates with self‐associative hydrogen bond complex formation constant, when combined with outputs from low level, widely accessible, computational models. Herein, we bring together a series of 39 structurally related molecules related by stepwise variation of a hydrogen bond donor–acceptor amphiphilic salt. The self‐associative and corresponding global properties for this family of compounds have been studied in the gas, solid and solution states. Within the solution state, we have shown the type of self‐associated structure present to be solvent dependent. In DMSO, this class of compound show a preference for hydrogen bonded dimer formation, however moving into aqueous solutions the same compounds are found to form larger self‐associated aggregates. This observation has allowed us the unique opportunity to investigate and begin to predict self‐association events at both the molecular and extended aggregate level.
Multiscale FEM simulations of cross‐linked actin network embedded in cytosol with the focus on the filament orientation
Authors: Klinge S. , Aygün S. , Gilbert R. P. , Holzapfel G. A. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe present contribution focuses on the application of the multiscale finite element method to the modeling of actin networks that are embedded in the cytosol. These cell components are of particular importance with regard to the cell response to external stimuli. The homogenization strategy chosen uses the Hill‐Mandel macrohomogeneity condition for bridging 2 scales: the macroscopic scale that is related to the cell level and the microscopic scale related to the representative volume element. For the modeling of filaments, the Holzapfel‐Ogden β‐model is applied. It provides a relationship between the tensile force and the caused stretches, serves as the basis for the derivation of the stress and elasticity tensors, and enables a novel finite element implementation. The elements with the neo‐Hookean constitutive law are applied for the simulation of the cytosol. The results presented corroborate the main advantage of the concept, namely, its flexibility with regard to the choice of the representative volume element as well as of macroscopic tests. The focus is particularly placed on the study of the filament orientation and of its influence on the effective behavior.
Tagging augmented neural topic model for semantic sparse Web service discovery
Authors: Tian Gang , Liu Pengfei , Peng Yanjun , Sun Chengai 
Published: April 2018

SummarySearch engine based Web service discovery model suffers from the semantic sparsity problem due to the fact that Web services are described in short texts, which in turn leads to poor recall. To address this issue, external information that enriches the semantics of the Web service and improves discovery performance has been highly concerned. In light of this, we propose a novel Web service discovery approach that uses the neural topic model, which seamlessly integrates tagging information and word embedding for semantic sparsity problem. More specifically, instead of clustering Web services as done in most existing service discovery approaches, we use word embedding to map the words as continuous embeddings to embody external semantics of the service description. We also leverage the neural topic model in service discovery, which takes continuous word distribution as the input and interprets the Web service description as a hierarchical model. Based on the neural topic model and word embedding, we propose an efficient Web service query and ranking approach. Experiments conducted on a real‐world Web service dataset demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.