bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Note on Economic Development in North Korea: Call for a Comprehensive Approach
Authors: Lee Yong-Shik 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
North Korea is currently one of the most impoverished countries with a history of famine, but the country has a significant potential for economic development that could lift its population from poverty. Neighbored by some of the largest and most advanced economies in the world (South Korea, Japan, and China) and endowed with abundant mineral resources, industrial experience, and a history of successful economic development in the past, North Korea can embark on the path to rapid economic development, as its southern counterpart (South Korea) did so successfully since the 1960s. Yet, the successful economic development of North Korea requires a comprehensive approach, including obtaining a fund for development; normalizing relations with the West and the neighboring countries; improving its human rights conditions; prioritizing key industrial development; and reforming its political-economic system. This note discusses the comprehensive approach necessary for the successful economic development of North Korea.
A corpus-based study of the role of headshaking in negation in Auslan (Australian Sign Language): Implications for signed language typology
Authors: Johnston Trevor 
Published: August 2018

AbstractSigned languages have been classified typologically as being manual dominant or non-manual dominant for negation. In the former negation is conveyed primarily by manual lexical signs whereas in the latter negation is primarily conveyed by nonmanual signs. In support of this typology, the site and spread of headshaking in negated clauses was also described as linguistically constrained. Headshaking was thus said to be a formal part of negation in signed languages so it was linguistic, not gestural. This paper aims to establish the role of headshaking in negation in Auslan with reference to this typology. In this corpus-based study, I show that Auslan users almost always negate clauses using a manual negative sign. Although headshakes are found in just over half of these manually negated clauses, the position and spreading behaviour of headshakes do not appear to be linguistically constrained. I also show that signers use headshakes as the sole negating element in a clause extremely rarely. I conclude that headshaking in Auslan appears similar to headshaking in the ambient face-to-face spoken language, English. I explore the implications of these findings for the proposed typology of negation in signed languages in terms of the type of data that were used to support it, and assumptions about the relationship between gesture and signed languages that underlie it.
CLICS2: An improved database of cross-linguistic colexifications assembling lexical data with the help of cross-linguistic data formats
Authors: List Johann-Mattis , Greenhill Simon J. , Anderson Cormac , Mayer Thomas , Tresoldi Tiago , Forkel Robert 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe Database of Cross-Linguistic Colexifications (CLICS), has established a computer-assisted framework for the interactive representation of cross-linguistic colexification patterns. In its current form, it has proven to be a useful tool for various kinds of investigation into cross-linguistic semantic associations, ranging from studies on semantic change, patterns of conceptualization, and linguistic paleontology. But CLICS has also been criticized for obvious shortcomings, ranging from the underlying dataset, which still contains many errors, up to the limits of cross-linguistic colexification studies in general. Building on recent standardization efforts reflected in theCross-Linguistic Data Formatsinitiative (CLDF) and novel approaches for fast, efficient, and reliable data aggregation, we have created a new database for cross-linguistic colexifications, which not only supersedes the original CLICS database in terms of coverage but also offers a much more principled procedure for the creation, curation and aggregation of datasets. The paper presents the new database and discusses its major features.
Post-Divorce Maintenance Rights for Muslim Women in Pakistan and Iran: Making the Case for Law Reform
Authors: Shahid Ayesha 
Published: August 2018

AbstractProtecting women and children is one of the core values of the Islamic legal tradition. In Muslim countries religious, constitutional, and legal frameworks obligate the state to take special measures to provide protection to women and children within families and in society. However, despite such provisions, post-divorce maintenance rights are not granted to women in Pakistan and Iran. Family law enacted in Pakistan and Iran still differs in form and substance from what has been mentioned in the primary sources of Islamic law and from the previous articulations of early Islamic law scholars. Moreover, patriarchal notions of male authority are still sustained through law and judicial interpretations when it comes to the question of giving post-divorce maintenance to women. As a result in the absence of a welfare system divorced women are left in a vulnerable situation. Although in Iran, some financial compensation under the concept of Ujrat ul Misl (compensation for household chores) is given to divorced women, but it remains unclear whether the right to Mata’at-ul-Talaq (post-divorce maintenance) has been recognised under the family law. In Pakistan the law does not include any provision for giving women Ujrat ul Misl and Mata’at- ul -Talaq. Moreover in the absence of a welfare system, divorced Muslim women in both countries are left in a vulnerable situation. This article engages with plural normative sources and contemporary notions of human rights to make the case for family law reform and for awarding post-divorce maintenance rights to Muslim women in Pakistan and Iran.
Detection of the damage threshold of fused silica components and morphologies of repaired damage sites based on the beam deflection method
Authors: Zhang Jiangmei , Gao Xiang , Wang Kunpeng , Liu Youyong , Yang Xiuhong , Ao Yihui 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
This article proposes a method to quickly detect the damage threshold of the fused silica components and the characteristics of the repair point damage. With a device detecting the beam deflection, the laser damage threshold is detected, quickly and effectively. Then, based on the beam deflection though mitigated sites, the beam deflection signals of the damage repair points are measured and the morphologies of mitigated sites are analyzed. This method is helpful in the online assessment of the damage resistance of the downstream optics and provides the guidance of the repair process.
Neighborhood condition for all fractional (g, f, n′, m)-critical deleted graphs
Authors: Gao Wei , Zhang Yunqing , Chen Yaojun 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
In data transmission networks, the availability of data transmission is equivalent to the existence of the fractional factor of the corresponding graph which is generated by the network. Research on the existence of fractional factors under specific network structures can help scientists design and construct networks with high data transmission rates. A graph G is named as an all fractional (g, f, n′, m)-critical deleted graph if the remaining subgraph keeps being an all fractional (g, f, m)-critical graph, despite experiencing the removal of arbitrary n′ vertices of G. In this paper, we study the relationship between neighborhood conditions and a graph to be all fractional (g, f, n′, m)-critical deleted. Two sufficient neighborhood conditions are determined, and furthermore we show that the conditions stated in the main results are sharp.
P-star model for India: a nonlinear approach
Authors: Chaubal Aditi 
Published: August 2018

AbstractInflation in India has been a major cause for concern in the recent past (2008–2012). This study examines the Indian wholesale price index inflation from 1951 to 2012 using P-star (or P*) models after accounting for the nonlinearities in the data by establishing the presence of a nonlinear long-run equilibrium. The paper establishes the presence of a threshold vector error correction model (TVECM) between prices and their long-run equilibrium with three optimal regimes to explain the short-run and long-run dynamics based on an error correcting transition term. Based on these results, the study classifies the various regimes that Indian inflation goes through based on historical economic events. The P*models (price gap, output gap and velocity gap models) were implemented regime-wise. The price gap models (output gap and income velocity gap determine inflation) were found to be optimal in the first and second regimes and consistent with theory. The velocity gap model (which has monetarist foundations) was found to be optimal in the third regime.
Monitoring of fouling within pipes using Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy
Authors: Anseth Ronnie , Skeie Nils-Olav , Waskaas Magne 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
The objective of the study described in this paper was to evaluate a monitoring system for fouling in pipes, based on impedance measurements using only one fixed frequency. The monitoring system observed the fouling growth (deposition layer and corrosion) inside a pipe which was subjected to a constant flow of liquid. The measurement frequency was specifically selected to optimize the sensitivity of the monitoring system towards the fouling growth. An electrical potential difference was applied to the pipe to generate an electrical field to accelerate the fouling growth in the experiment. Experimental results show a measurable change in the impedance magnitude (fouling growth) over the duration of the experiment (8 weeks). Results indicate that the measurement system, using one fixed frequency, is capable of in-situ monitoring of fouling growth in a pipe with a continuous flow of liquid.
Short is strong: experimental electron density in a very short N···I halogen bond
Authors: Wang Ruimin , Hartnick Daniel , Englert Ulli 
Published: August 2018

Abstract2,3,5,6-Tetrafluoro-1,4-diiodobenzene and 4-(dimethylamino)pyridine co-crystallize in 1:2 stoichiometry. A diffraction experiment at standard resolution was already conducted in 2010 and revealed one of the shortest N···I contacts ever reported. We collected X-ray intensities at 100 K up to a very high resolution of 1.23 Å−1. These experimental data allowed to refine a structure model based on atom-centered multipoles according to the Hansen-Coppens approach and provided an experimental electron density. A subsequent analysis with the help of Bader’s atoms in molecules theory showed a strong interaction between the pyridine N atom and theσhole of its closest iodine neighbor on the halogenated benzene. This contact is characterized by a distance of 2.6622(4) Å and associated with a remarkably large electron density of 0.359(5)e⋅Å−3in the (3, −1) critical point, unprecedented for a secondary interaction. This bona fide shortest halogen bond ever investigated by an experimental charge density study is associated with a significantly negative total energy density in the bond critical point and thus can reliably be classified as strong. Both the electron density and the position of the bond critical point suggest to compare the short N···I contact to coordinative or covalent bonds rather than toσhole interactions.
Surface Smoothness Evaluation of Etched and Unaltered Sand Specimens with Mechanical Behavior Assessment
Authors: Tessari Anthony , Muszynski Mark R. , Colletti Joseph 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Particle smoothness refers to the surface texture of a sand particle on a small scale. This parameter may be used in conjunction with roundness (angularity) and sphericity in describing particle shape for engineering purposes. Smoothness is challenging to measure and quantify. This note describes preliminary evaluation approaches used to compare two identically graded sand specimens; one with an unaltered, smooth surface texture, and the other chemically etched to create a rougher surface texture. Visual observation indicated that the unaltered specimens were essentially the same as the etched specimens in terms of macroscale particle shape features (i.e., roundness and sphericity). On the other hand, the particles were significantly different in terms of the surface texture and roughness, as shown by visual techniques using scanning electron microscope and optical microscopy images. A tentative, easy-to-implement, visual particle smoothness scale is offered, designed to complement the roundness and sphericity estimates and measures commonly used to describe particle shape. Next, several simple laboratory index tests are completed on the unaltered and the etched specimens to observe differences in mechanical behavior. Limit density, flow rate, and angle of repose tests are undertaken. The results of the testing indicate measurable differences in the mechanical behavior of the unaltered versus the etched specimens. This further supports the importance of particle surface texture on the mechanical behavior of poorly graded sands. Additional research is underway to more completely quantify the contribution of particle smoothness of sands with respect to the other macroscale particle shape features.
1-g Model Test on Internally Reinforced Granular Columns
Authors: Hong Yung-Shan , Wu Cho-Sen , Chen Guan-Long , Chien Chia-Wei 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
This article examines the influence of internally layered reinforcement on a fully penetrated sand column embedded in soft clay using a 1-g model test. The design parameters of the test model were chosen to emulate a geotextile-reinforced granular column prototype to ensure a comparable behavior. The performance of the internally reinforced sand columns was evaluated in terms of its load carrying capability and bulging behavior. The test results show that a reduction of spacing between two consecutive reinforcement layer discs allowed by a column with strong reinforcement will lead to an increase in the bearing capability of the column. Only a column design with a proper spacing/diameter ratio and reinforcement strength can ensure a column’s bearing capability with an increase in the reinforced column length. Reinforcing a granular column with a length exceeding the predominant bulging depth of a unreinforced column will be an effective mean to ensure its bearing capability.
Experimental Study of Factors Controlling Tilt-Test Results Performed on Saw-Cut Rock Joints
Authors: Pérez-Rey Ignacio , Alejano Leandro R. , Muralha José 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
One of the main inputs when estimating the shear strength of rock discontinuities, according to most existing strength criteria, is what is known as the basic friction angle, which is a parameter that responds to the frictional resistance of a planar, unfilled, and nonweathered rock joint. The basic friction angle can be estimated according to various procedures, although the tilt test is the simplest and possibly the most popular approach. With a view to standardizing tilt-test procedures, the present study provides experimental results regarding the influence of factors such as tilting rate, machine vibrations, and rock surface wear and roughness on sliding angle values. The tilting rate has been statistically and experimentally proved to scantily affect tilt test results when using motorized tilting tables and, by observing certain cutting guidelines, it is possible to expect reasonably representative and reproducible results. Nevertheless, the effect of wear associated with repeated testing and of microroughness significantly affects the resulting basic friction angle values. General recommendations are provided regarding better control of the studied factors as well as test results.
Training the Interdisciplinary Civilian Airman
Authors: Lees David W , Dannar Paul , Schindler James H. , Martin James R. 
Published: August 2018

Competency Based Education (CBE) is becoming increasingly popular with Department of Defense (DoD) training and education. Air University, located at Maxwell Air Force Base (AFB) Alabama, recently identified CBE as a key factor for consideration in future training. This article discusses Air Force Competencies, analyzes the evaluation of competencies, and transfer of learning. The Civilian Associate’s Degree, currently under beta testing, is discussed as an example of the need to consider transfer of learning with respect to institutional competencies. Beta testing of the Associate of Applied Science Degree in Air Force Leadership and Management Studies is meant to pave the way for the development and implementation of Civilian Airman training. Based on Civilian Associate’s Degree (CAD) Beta Testing student data, our research examines how CAD faculty can best capture professional interdisciplinary knowledge and experiences present in incoming students. In turn, leadership and management theories will add to the student knowledge and experience. This paper is an effort to capture the utilization of previous professional student experiences while developing and updating course curriculum based upon research and Beta Test student data.
Impacto financeiro na Gestão de Estoque dos produtos com defeito de uma loja de departamento
Authors: Lima Milenna Hellen Da Silva , Sinézio Martins Edlaine Correia , Silva Márcio Carvalho da , Cavalcanti Maria da Conceição Monteiro 
Published: August 2018

<p>Reverse logistics has been used by organizations because it is considered an instrument of socioeconomic development that enables the reduction of costs during the production process. This research aims to evaluate the inventory management of defective products of a department store. As specific objectives it aims to understand the reverse logistics channel of a department store in the retail sector; describe the operation of the shop’s reverse logistics information system; describe and measure its Inventory 9000 costs over a period of 06 months, and compare inventory costs with investment alternatives. In order to reach these objectives the methodology used was characterized as applied, exploratory descriptive, qualitative-quantitative, documentary and bibliographic. Data collection was done through on-site observation, analysis of indexes and reports and data obtained through access to the company’s information systems. The treatment and analysis of the data occurred through the use of the ABC Curve, logistic performance indexes, tables and bar graphs. A bibliographic review was carried out in order to provide the necessary background for the argumentation of the topic addressed and the proposition of possible interventions that lead to the solution of the problems encountered. Based on this research it was possible to conclude that the difficulties faced in the return process of defective products returned to the store are caused by failures in the transfer of information from the logistics information systems used by the store. It was also possible to observe these shortcomings that have hampered the productivity of the stock </p>
“Peer Teaching Strategy To Increase Mathematics Proficiency Level” (An Action Research) (Eastern Samar State University)
Authors: Lacaba Alvin Bituaran , Magalona Jason D. , G. Lacaba Teresita Villa 
Published: August 2018

Peer Teaching/tutoring is used as school-based intervention that has been shown to improve academic skills, generate development of appropriate social skills, and enhance peer relations for both tutees and tutors.
The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the implementation of a peer teaching/tutoring program in mathematics on the academic achievement level of Grade 3 pupils in Lupok Central School.
This study aimed to analyse peer teaching as an intervention strategy that will increase the performance among Grade 3 Mathematics pupils at Lupok Central School, Guiuan North District, Guiuan Eastern Samar through the 1st and 4th Grading periods of School Year 2017 - 2018. Specifically, it sought to answer the following questions:

What is the Mean Percentage Score (MPS) in Mathematics of Grade 3 Pupils in Lupok Central School at the beginning of 1st Grading of School Year 2017 – 2018 before peer teaching intervention?
What is the Mean Percentage Score in Mathematics of Grade 3 Pupils in Lupok Central School at the end of 4th Grading of School Year 2017 – 2018 after peer teaching intervention?
Is there a Significant difference before and after the intervention program?
What intervention program may be proposed based on the findings of the study?

Based on the data gathered/collected from the class adviser of Grade 3 Section Bougainvillea in Lupok Central School, the result of base line MPS from 1st Grading period specifically in mathematics subject is 74.22 which is considered below the 75% proficiency level.
The result showed a radical increase in Mean Percentage Score in mathematics subject after the intervention was given to the Grade 3 pupils with the previous result of 74.22% from the 1st Grading into 82.11% MPS result in the 4th Grading period.
The results of the study further revealed that the implementation of Peer teaching strategy has a positive effect in increasing the academic performance in mathematics of Grade 3 pupils. There was 7.89% increase in MPS for mathematics subject from the first grading to the fourth grading period.
Digital and Intelligent Public Administration: transformations in the era of artificial intelligence
Authors: Corvalán Juan Gustavo 
Published: August 2018

This article addresses the impact of the digital era and it specifically refers to information and communication technologies (ICT) in Public Administration. It is based on the international approach and underscores the importance of incorporating new technologies established by the United Nations and the Organization of American States. Thereon, it highlights the Argentine Republic national approach towards ICT, and how it has moved towards a digital paradigm. It then emphasizes on the challenges and opportunities that emerge from the impact that artificial intelligence has in transforming Public Administration. Finally, it concludes that the key challenge of the Fourth Industrial Revolution is to achieve a boost towards a Digital and Intelligent Administration and government, which promotes the effectiveness of rights and an inclusive technological development that assures the digital dignity of people.
Irreducible Dislocation of the Proximal Interphalangeal Joint of the Second Toe in a Six-Year-Old Child
Authors: Nabi Wahidun , Kurup Harish 
Published: August 2018

Case:
Closed reduction was unsuccessful in a 6-year-old girl with a dislocated proximal interphalangeal joint of the second toe. Surgical exploration revealed soft-tissue entrapment by a ruptured medial collateral ligament. After the entrapment was cleared, the joint was reduced but remained unstable. The ligament was repaired with an all-suture mini-anchor to restore stability. The patient had a good recovery, and normal toe function had been restored by 3 months.

Conclusion:
This rare case demonstrates the safety of the use of all-suture mini-anchors in treating similar injuries in children because they leave a minimal footprint and a minimal amount of foreign material.
Leg-Length Discrepancy, Functional Scoliosis, and Low Back Pain
Authors: Sheha Evan D. , Steinhaus Michael E. , Kim Han Jo , Cunningham Matthew E. , Fragomen Austin T. , Rozbruch S. Robert 
Published: August 2018

* In the setting of leg-length discrepancy (LLD), functional scoliosis occurs when the lumbar spine compensates for pelvic obliquity to maintain shoulder balance.* Long-standing LLD may result in degenerative changes of the lumbar spine, altered gait mechanics, and low back pain.* Patients with LLD, low back pain, and functional scoliosis should undergo radiographic evaluation with the pelvis leveled using blocks placed under the shorter limb. When the LLD or symptoms are minimal, patients may benefit from a shoe lift. Patients with an LLD of >20 mm may be considered for operative intervention.