bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Understanding Frac Fluid Distribution of an Individual Frac Stage from Chemical Tracer Flowback Data
Authors: Tian Wei , Darnley Alex , Mohle Teddy , Johns Kyle , Dempsey Chris 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
A data set is presented which involves pumping multiple, unique chemical tracers into a single ‘Wolfcamp B’ fracture stage. The goal of this tracer test is to shed light on the flowback characteristics of individually tagged fluid & sand segments by adding another layer of granularity to a typical tracer flowback report. The added intra-stage level detail can provide insights into fracture behavior when stimulating shale reservoirs by looking at individual fluid segment tracer recoveries. This data set could aid in the interpretation of:
Identifying fluid segments placed outside of the P-SRV (Propped Stimulated Reservoir Volume) Fracture Complexity
A total of 12 water phase tracers and 12 oil phase tracers were injected sequentially from "Pad" to "Flush". After pumping the pad stage, unique tracers were used to tag the "Proppant Laden Fluid" from the 0.2 ppa 100 mesh sand stage to the 2 ppa 40/70 mesh sand stage, before going to flush. The flush volume was not traced. Upon flowback, produced fluids were analyzed for the concentration of each tracer within the produced fluid samples. The first goal was to determine whether any traced fluid would be placed within "unpropped" SRV. The second goal was to determine the order of load fluid returns, to verify the "first-in, last-out" phenomenon, and to ascertain any degree of fluid mixing, which could be an indication of increased fracture complexity.
The results illustrate the average tracer concentration and arrival time of each traced fluid segment, which was then used to characterize the fracture stage. All tracers were detected in the produced fluid samples, indicating that no traced segment was placed outside of the propped fracture network. The results also indicate that significant tracer mixing occured within the fracture network, a potential indicator of fracture complexity. All individually traced segments flowed back simultaneously, albeit at varying tracer concentrations. The residence time calculation for each tracer showed that frac fluid injected into the later proppant segments generally flowed back faster than the earlier segments. No obvious piston-like displacement of frac fluid was observed from the tracer data.
The Role of Microemulsion and Shut-in on Well Performance: From Field Scale to Laboratory Scale
Authors: Soleiman Asl Taregh , Habibi Ali , Ezulike Obinna Daniel , Eghbalvala Maryam , Dehghanpour Hassan 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
We analyzed flowback and post-flowback production data from a horizontal well in the Montney Formation, which was fractured with water containing a microemulsion additive. This well was shut-in for 7 months after 5 months of post-flowback production. Oil and gas rates were significantly increased after the shut-in (700% increase), suggesting a reduction in matrix-fracture damage. We performed imbibition oil-recovery tests to evaluate the imbibition of the ME solution into the oil-saturated core plugs. The results show that the microemulsion solution can spontaneously imbibe into the oil-saturated core plugs leading to the final oil recovery factor of 24% of the original oil in place, compared with the tap water case with only 2% oil recovery factor. Combined analyses of the field and laboratory results suggest that imbibition of the fracturing water containing the ME solution during the extended shut-in period leads to 1) reduction of water blockage near the fracture face and 2) counter-current production of oil. These two effects can explain the enhanced production rate of oil and gas after the shut-in period.
Proppant Transport and Behavior in Horizontal Wellbores Using Low Viscosity Fluids
Authors: Ahmad Faraj A. , Miskimins Jennifer L. 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
One of the most significant components of hydraulic fracturing modeling is the prediction of proppant transport in both the wellbore and fractures, as the resulting conductivity has a great impact on post treatment production. In multistage horizontal well treatments, the distribution of proppant between multiple perforation clusters has a substantial impact on treatment behaviors and results. If the proppant is not evenly distributed between the perforation clusters, the perforated intervals will not be equally stimulated. Only a few studies evaluating proppant transport in horizontal wellbores are found in the literature. This paper aims to investigate the parameters that have a large influence on the proppant settling in the wellbore and distribution of the proppants between perforation clusters, as well as providing insight into post-treatment flowback behaviors.
The approach to this work uses a model of a horizontal wellbore with three perforation clusters at shot densities of 4 SPF with 90-degree phasing. Fresh water was used as a carrier fluid to transport the proppant in the horizontal pipe. Two different types of proppants, sand and ultra-light-weight ceramic, of varying mesh sizes were used. Two design parameters, injection rate and proppant concentration, have been varied throughout the experimental tests.
The results from this work demonstrate that proppant settling velocity in the wellbore is different for each type of proppant. These differences are mainly due to the changes in the proppant concentration as well as the changes in the size and shape of proppant particles. The uneven proppant distribution between perforation clusters was mostly observed in cases where the density of proppnat was relatively high and at low flow rates. However, at high flow rates, the toe cluster received the largest amount of proppant. This occurs because the high flow rates near the first and second clusters prevent the proppant particles from turning into the perforation tunnels. The ultra-light weight ceramic shows the most even distribution between the perforation clusters since the density difference between the carrier fluid and the proppant particle is relatively low. The most significant finding is that the low viscosity fluid (fresh water) is not an effective transport system for larger particles with relatively high densities.
The results obtained from this study can be used to improve the understanding of good practices of fracture stimulation flushing, as well as proppant distribution/deposition throughout the horizontal pipe during the fracture stimulation treatment and during flowback processes.
Nanotechnology for water purification: electrospun nanofibrous membrane in water and wastewater treatment
Authors: Tlili I. , Alkanhal Tawfeeq Abdullah 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe need for beneficial innovations in filtration expertise has lead to little consideration of cutting-edge materials, such as nanofiber membranes for water distillation. The presence of organic matter and traces of organics accumulation in wastewater poses a major problem and current technologies such as coagulation/flocculation and chlorine technology are unable to yield satisfying results. The extra volume of sludge generated by these technologies needs further processing and disposal. Nanotechnology has outstanding potential for filtration applications due to its capability to create precise structural controlled materials for such requirements. Electrospun nanofibrous membranes (ENMs) are cutting edge membrane technology that offer substantial high flux and high rejection rates compared to conventional membranes. ENMs present a revolution in water and sewage purification by offering a lightweight, cost-effective, and lower energy consumption process compared with conventional membranes. ENMs possess high porosity, generally approximately 80%, while conventional membranes have 5–35% porosity. Nano-engineered membranes have great potential in water treatment due to their exotic properties. In this connection, electrospinning membranes are emerging as a versatile technique with promising features for water treatment. This work highlights the application of ENM in wastewater treatment and surface modification of nanomembranes in order to address fouling issues and wastewater treatment from Tabuk Sewage Treatment Plant, Saudi Arabia.
Perception welfare assessment of water reuse in competitive categories
Authors: Zabala José A. , Dolores de Miguel Mª , Martínez-Paz José M. , Alcon Francisco 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
The supply of reclaimed water to ecosystems increases their ecosystem service flows, which is directly translated into terms of social welfare. This study explores the factors that determine the different perceptions of the welfare impact of supplying reclaimed water to different, and competitive, ecosystems in the Segura River Basin (southern Spain): specifically, an agroecosystem (agricultural irrigation) and a river (higher river flow). The results of a contingent valuation exercise with the population of the Murcia Region show four different groups of respondents, depending on their willingness to pay (WTP) preferences. The factors that identify differences among welfare impacts are the age, the gender, the education level, the monthly income, the nearness of the household to the river, and, above all, the degree of satisfaction with funding of water reclamation. This study broadens our knowledge of individuals' heterogeneous preferences in water reuse options, which is crucial for policy makers in the development of socially accepted and sustainable water resource management strategies.
Calibration and field application of a molecularly imprinted membrane-passive sampler for the sampling of indicator polychlorinated biphenyls in selected aquatic environments of South Africa
Authors: Mkhize Dennis S. , Quinn Laura P. , Nyoni Hlengilizwe , Mamba Bhekie B. , Msagati Titus A. M. 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
A passive sampling device, based on molecularly imprinted membranes (MIM), was fabricated and optimised for sampling polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in aquatic ecosystems. The newly-developed passive sampler was subjected to in-situ calibration studies to determine PCB sampling rates under various conditions of water turbulence and temperature. This was carried out by exposing the passive samplers to water spiked with PCBs in a continuous-flow exposure setup. The samplers were preloaded with known concentrations of performance reference compounds (PRCs) prior to exposure. Sampling rates of seven indicator PCBs' congeners (PCBs 28, 52, 101, 118, 138, 153 and 180) ranged between 15.3 and 95.6 L/d for the different environmental conditions investigated. To determine the field suitability, the samplers were preloaded with PRCs and deployed for 10 days at the Roodeplaat and Hartbeespoort Dams, in South Africa. Water samples were taken at the end of the deployment period to compare the spot-and-grab samples to the developed samplers. PCBs 28, 101 and 138 were detected in the samplers deployed at Hartbeespoort Dam. The samplers deployed at the Roodeplaat Dam had quantifiable amounts of PCBs 28, 52, 101, 138 and 180 (0.047–0.828 ng mL−1 d−1). The sampler enhanced the detectability of PCB 52 and PCB 180, which were not detected in water samples. The field suitability trials indicated that the developed sampler could successfully be used for PCB monitoring. The sampler enhanced the detection of PCBs that would otherwise be too low to detect in samples collected through the traditional spot-and-grab sampling technique.
Diversidad e interculturalidad: La escuela indígena en contextos de migración
Authors: Velasco Ortiz Laura , Rentería Daniela 
Published: January 2019

El objetivo del artículo es describir y analizar la diversidad cultural en escuelas indígenas y los retos de la interculturalidad frente a la discriminación étnico-racial. Metodológicamente, el artículo se basa en una encuesta sobre diversidad cultural a una muestra de 14 escuelas y en 21 grupos focales, con alumnado y docentes de las 70 escuelas del sistema de educación indígena en Baja California. Los hallazgos señalan una diversidad cultural escolar alimentada por los mismos elementos que surgen como objetos de discriminación étnico-racial y migrante como base de la construcción inferiorizada de la categoría indígena —migrante y nativo—, en torno a la práctica de alguna lengua indígena, el color de la piel y su ancestralidad. Algunas limitaciones del artículo provienen de su atención a la población del alumnado y aunque considera la interacción docente, no analiza la diversidad de ese actor en el espacio escolar.
Accelerated Wound Healing Induced by a Novel Amphibian Peptide (OA-FF10)
Authors: Liu Naixin , Li Zhe , Meng Buliang , Bian Wenxin , Li Xiaojie , Wang Siyuan , Cao Xiaoqing , Song Yongli , Yang Meifeng , Wang Ying , Tang Jing , Yang Xinwang 
Published: January 2019

Background:
Despite the continued development of modern medicine, chronic wounds
are still a critical issue in clinical treatment, placing a great physiological, psychological, and financial
burden on patients. Researchers have investigated many methods to solve this problem, with
bioactive peptides gaining increasing attention due to their considerable advantages and diverse
functions, as well as low cost, simple storage, and easy transportation.

Methods:
In this research, a novel peptide (named OA-FF10) was identified from the skin secretions
of the odorous frog species Odorrana andersonii. The sequence of mature OA-FF10 was
“FFTTSCRSGC”, which was produced by the post-translational processing of a 61-residue prepropeptide.

Results:
Similar to most frog peptides, OA-FF10 showed an intramolecular disulfide bridge at the
C-terminus. OA-FF10 demonstrated no antibacterial, antioxidant, hemolytic, or acute toxic activity,
but promoted wound healing and proliferation of human keratinocytes (HaCaT) both time- and
dose-dependently. Furthermore, while OA-FF10 had no effect on wound healing of Human Skin
Fibroblasts (HSF), it did accelerate healing in a full-thickness skin-wound mouse model.

Conclusion:
Our research revealed the strong wound-healing activity of OA-FF10 in vivo and in
vitro, thus providing a new candidate for the development of novel wound-healing drugs.
Kinase Targets for Mycolic Acid Biosynthesis in Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Authors: Alsayed Shahinda S.R. , Beh Chau C. , Foster Neil R. , Payne Alan D. , Yu Yu , Gunosewoyo Hendra 
Published: January 2019

Background:Mycolic acids (MAs) are the characteristic, integral building blocks for the mycomembrane belonging to the insidious bacterial pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb). These C60-C90 long α-alkyl-β-hydroxylated fatty acids provide protection to the tubercle bacilli against the outside threats, thus allowing its survival, virulence and resistance to the current antibacterial agents. In the post-genomic era, progress has been made towards understanding the crucial enzymatic machineries involved in the biosynthesis of MAs in M.tb. However, gaps still remain in the exact role of the phosphorylation and dephosphorylation of regulatory mechanisms within these systems. To date, a total of 11 serine-threonine protein kinases (STPKs) are found in M.tb. Most enzymes implicated in the MAs synthesis were found to be phosphorylated in vitro and/or in vivo. For instance, phosphorylation of KasA, KasB, mtFabH, InhA, MabA, and FadD32 downregulated their enzymatic activity, while phosphorylation of VirS increased its enzymatic activity. These observations suggest that the kinases and phosphatases system could play a role in M.tb adaptive responses and survival mechanisms in the human host. As the mycobacterial STPKs do not share a high sequence homology to the human’s, there have been some early drug discovery efforts towards developing potent and selective inhibitors.Objective:Recent updates to the kinases and phosphatases involved in the regulation of MAs biosynthesis will be presented in this mini-review, including their known small molecule inhibitors.Conclusion:Mycobacterial kinases and phosphatases involved in the MAs regulation may serve as a useful avenue for antitubercular therapy.
Asociación Mexicana de Enfermeras Especializadas en Medicina Crítica y Terapia Intensiva. A.M.E.E.M.C.T.I, A.C.
Authors: López Rosales Ma. De los Angeles 
Published: January 2019

La Asociación Mexicana de Enfermeras Especializadas en Medicina Crítica y Terapia Intensiva (A.M.E.E.M.C.T.I.A.C.) es una organización gremial de profesionales de Enfermería que ejercen la atención y cuidados especializados para el enfermo grave. Esta Asociación ha contribuido con ahínco en el desarrollo profesional de sus integrantes a las nuevas generaciones de Enfermeras a sumarse a esta agrupación para fortalecer su desarrollo personal y profesional.
El 14 de septiembre de 1977 se obtuvo el permiso de la Secretaría de Relaciones Exteriores para constituir la Asociación, Asociación Mexicana de Enfermeras Especializadas en Medicina Crítica y Terapia Intensiva cuya visión es la promoción del desarrollo profesional de sus agremiados a través de diversas actividades académicas de calidad con profesionales expertos en la atención del paciente grave. Para cumplir con esta visión la Asociación tiene los siguientes objetivos, entre otros: Agrupar a las Enfermeras interesadas que dentro de su especialidad, lleven a cabo de manera preferente o exclusiva, trabajos relacionados con el cuidado intensivo del enfermo en estado grave.
Fomentar y difundir el estudio de la Enfermería en Terapia Intensiva. Organizar congresos, conferencias, mesas redondas, seminarios y otras actividades académicas sobre puntos de interés relativos a la especialidad.
La Asociación cuenta con 5 filiales en : Tamaulipas, Baja California, Nuevo León Tabasco y Veracruz.
Hacia una perspectiva de género en la evaluación de la calidad de la atención en los servicios de salud reproductiva
Authors: Torres Lagunas María De los Ángeles 
Published: January 2019

La necesidad de integrar la perspectiva de género en las políticas y programas gubernamentales de nuestro país, ha sido reconocida a partir de los compromisos acordados en la Conferencia Internacional sobre Población y Desarrollo efectuada en El Cairo (1994) Y de la Cuarta Conferencia Internacional de la Mujer celebrada en Pekín (1995), de las cuales han derivado recomendaciones por parte de Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) y de la Organización Panamericana de la Salud (OPS) a los países miembros, para que estos se comprometan a reconocer y corregir las inequidades de género que vulneran el ejercicio del derecho a la salud entre los habitantes de los Estados Miembros, apoyados en tres pilares conceptuales: equidad, género y participación democrática.
En México existen pocas investigaciones que evalúan la calidad de la atención en los servicios de salud sexual y reproductiva desde la perspectiva de género. Por lo tanto, es necesario realizar nuevos estudios con este enfoque e implementar nuevas formas de evaluar la calidad de la atención en estos servicios, que incluyan indicadores construidos desde la perspectiva de género, que consideren metodologías cualitativas, que superen el carácter administrativo y normativa centrado en la estructura y en los resultados y que su orientación no solamente tenga que ver con metas demográficas relativas a la efectividad en el uso de métodos anticonceptivos y en niveles de fecundidad alcanzados. Estrategias evaluativas más humanas que analicen la dimensión social de la calidad desde el ejercicio del derecho a la salud en lo general y de los derechos sexuales y reproductivos en lo particular considerando a la persona como un ser integral.
El Holismo un nuevo paradigma de la ciencia Enfermera
Authors: Rodríguez Jiménez Sofía , Sotomayor Sánchez Sandra 
Published: January 2019

El conocimiento de la Enfermería requiere hoy en día, de una clara definición en sus teorías y conceptos que fundamenten la ciencia del cuidado, tanto para la investigación, la formación y la práctica. Este trabajo propone analizar el cuidado holístico como paradigma científico, lo cual tiene gran importancia para la construcción disciplinar y la consolidación de la identidad profesional.
EI holismo se inscribe en el paradigma de la fenomenología critica por las características de las ciencias humanístico sociales, esta consideración permite dar respuesta a nuevas interpretaciones de la realidad, se parte de la consideración de que la persona es un todo integrado, al reconocerle dimensiones psicosociales y culturales, biofisiológicas y espirituales. EI otorgar cuidado holístico en la actualidad, constituye en sí un compromiso ético profesional impostergable que las Enfermeras deberán considerar como parte fundamental para la formación académica y la práctica profesional.
La fenomenología critica como paradigma, privilegia la investigación integral, en donde se valora la comprensión de los lenguajes de las personas, grupos y comunidades, los significados que le asignan a sus experiencias de salud y de vida y para ello es necesario indagar en las creencias y valores de cada grupo social y poder construir el constructo "cuidado humane de la Enfermería". Es meta deseable que las Enfermeras incursionen en la investigación de este fenómeno que logre rescatar los valores que caracterizan la cultura de los colectivos humanos en sus contextos específicos y que les han permitido resolver problemas de salud, y que son relevantes en la fundamentación de la naturaleza del cuidado.
Design of Over/Under Voltage Protection Relay using Arduino Uno for FREEDM System
Authors: Kotb Mohamed Fawzi , El-Saadawi Magdi M , El-Desouky Eman H 
Published: January 2019

This paper presents a new design for over/under voltage (OV/UV) protection scheme using Arduino microcontroller. The protection scheme is designed to protect the solid-state transformer (SST) branch of a Future Renewable Electric Energy Delivery and Management (FREEDM) system. It is used as backup protection for the instantaneous, momentary and temporary voltage fluctuation of distribution medium voltage loop. Very simple, user-friendly software and hardware simulators are created to represent a branch of the FRREDM network with the designed OV/UV relay. A software program is formulated using c-code through Proteus software package and easily integrated to the hardware circuit. The designed microcontroller monitors the network voltage and the OV/UV relay energies in case that its value exceeds a preset limit according to IEEE 1159. To validate and prove the effectiveness of the proposed system, different tests are performed for both software and hardware simulators at instantaneous, momentary and temporary OV/UV operation conditions. The results are compared with IEEE 1159 standard values and shows fine and high accuracy.