bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Data-Driven Supply-Side Approach for Estimating Cross-Border Internet Purchases Within the European Union
Authors: Meertens Q. A. , Diks C. G. H. , van den Herik H. J. , Takes F. W. 
Published: July 2019

SummaryThe digital economy is a highly relevant item on the European Union’s policy agenda. We focus on cross-border Internet purchases, as part of the digital economy, the total value of which cannot be accurately estimated by using existing consumer survey approaches. In fact, they lead to a serious underestimation. To obtain an accurate estimate, we propose a three-step data-driven approach based on supply-side data. For the first step, we develop a data-driven generic method for firm level probabilistic record linkage of tax data and business registers. In the second step, we use machine learning to identify webshops based on website data. Then, in the third step, we implement recently developed bias correction techniques that have hitherto been overlooked by the machine learning community. Subsequently, we claim that our three-step approach can be applied to any European Union member state, leading to more accurate estimates of cross-border Internet purchases than those obtained by currently existing approaches. To justify the claim, we apply our approach to the Netherlands for the year 2016 and find an estimate that is six times as high as current estimates, having a standard deviation of 8%. Hence, we may conclude that our new approach deserves more investigation and applications.
Effect of 24‐week strength training on unstable surfaces on mobility, balance, and concern about falling in older adults
Authors: Pirauá André Luiz Torres , Cavalcante Bruno Remígio , de Oliveira Valéria Mayaly Alves , Beltrão Natália Barros , de Amorim Batista Gabriel , Pitangui Ana Carolina Rodarti , Behm David , de Araújo Rodrigo Cappato 
Published: July 2019

ObjectiveTo evaluate the effects of 24 weeks of strength training on stable (ST) and unstable surfaces (UST) on the functional mobility, balance, and concern about falling in healthy older adults, younger than 70.DesignA single‐center randomized clinical trial.ParticipantsSixty‐four older adults (58 females and 6 males; 68 years) were randomized into control, ST, or UST groups.InterventionsBoth ST and UST intervention groups received a core muscle, upper, and lower limb moderate‐intensity strength exercises using stable and unstable surfaces. The classes were performed three times per week over a 24‐week period. The control group did not receive any type of active intervention.MeasurementsThe primary outcome measures were the dynamic balance (Berg Balance Scale (BBS)) and functional mobility (timed up and go (TUG) test). The secondary outcomes included the sitting and rising test (SRT) and Falls Efficacy Scale—International (FESI) scores.ResultsThere was a significant improvement in balance performance (BBS = +4 points) after 24 weeks of both ST (+1.22; 95% CI, −0.19 to 2.63) and UST (+2.26; 95% CI, 0.83‐3.70) compared with the control group. Additionally, compared with the control, only UST experienced functional mobility gains (TUG = −2.44; 95% CI, −4.41 to −0.48; SRT = +1.12; 95% CI, 0.08‐2.17) and decreased concern about falling (FESI = −4.41; 95% CI, −9.30 to −0.27).ConclusionLong‐term ST with and without unstable devices was effective to improve dynamic balance in older adults. Furthermore, the effects of UST were extended to functional mobility gains and reduced concern about falling.
Perceived discrimination and health: Paradigms and prospects
Authors: Allen Eric 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThis article reviews recent research on the effects of perceived discrimination on subsequent mental and physical health. I argue that despite legal reforms banning discrimination since the civil rights era, discrimination persists, posing an ongoing health risk and maintaining social health inequalities. Couched within broader health trends, this covers ongoing challenges and new developments, particularly related to measurement, and promising directions. As the most commonly reported location of individual discrimination is at work, this review concludes by arguing for the significance of the workplace as a unique context ripe for further inquiry for scholars interested in health inequality.
The Left Periphery of the German Noun Phrase
Authors: Roehrs Dorian 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThis paper examines prenominalvon‐possessives in German and relates them to Saxon Genitives and Possessor Doublings in that language.Von‐possessives are prepositional possessives that precede determiners and are stressed. Saxon Genitives and Possessor Doublings are nominal possessives that pattern together but have properties different fromvon‐possessives. It is proposed that there are two left peripheral positions in the German noun phrase: Spec,DPand Spec,LPP. Nominal possessives move to Spec,DPchecking the definiteness feature on D. In contrast, prepositional possessives move to the specifier of a higher Left Periphery Phrase checking a discourse feature. Despite these differences, this paper proposes that all possessive constructions have the same basic inner makeup. It is shown that non‐possessive elements can also surface in Spec,LPP. This dichotomy between nominal possessives and preposedPPs provides another argument that the nominal left periphery is more complex than usually assumed. However, it will be shown that in German the nominal left periphery is different from that of the clause.
Is donating blood for the faint of heart? a systematic review of predictors of syncope in whole blood donors
Authors: Donald Scott J. , McIntyre William F. , Dingwall Orvie , Hiebert Brett , Ponnampalam Arjuna , Seifer Colette M. 
Published: July 2019

BACKGROUNDAdverse events during donation negatively impact the likelihood of subsequent donation. Syncope is a possible complication of blood donation in healthy individuals. This systematic review aims to identify risk factors for syncope in healthy blood donors.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODSMedline, Embase, Cochrane, CINAHL, Web of Science, Transfusion Evidence Library, and PubMed libraries up to November 2016 were searched. Inclusion criteria were observational and interventional trials, case series including more than 10 participants, randomized controlled trials, and clinical trials. Papers required data pertaining to syncopal events separate from presyncope for inclusion. Incomplete text or non–English language versions were excluded. Papers were evaluated using the CHARMS 2014 checklist.RESULTSFrom 3316 papers, 1297 unique citations were identified, and 11 were selected for data extraction. Sex, estimated blood volume, age, donor status, blood pressure, heart rate, weight, previous reaction, caffeine, sleep, and donation site were identified as risk factors for syncope during blood donation.CONCLUSIONPossible risk factors for syncope in healthy blood donors have been identified that could allow for improved screening prior to donation and potential reduction in donor attrition due to negative experiences.
Evaluation of a tool to score donor vein suitability for blood donation
Authors: Hirani Rena , O’Donovan Justine , Knight Elizabeth , Bell Barbara , Mondy Phillip 
Published: July 2019

Background and ObjectivesPhlebotomy is a central task for whole blood donation, yet there are no published standards regarding systematic donor vein assessment or the impact of vein quality on successful blood donation. Blood donation failures and related adverse events are highly predictive of donors not returning for future blood donation. A specific blood donation vein scoring tool was assessed to measure donor vein suitability for whole blood collection and investigate the correlation of the donor’s veins with donation outcomes.Materials and MethodsThe vein assessment tool consisted of three questions using a 5‐point Likert‐type scale to measure responses. Two phlebotomists performed blinded assessments of each donor’s veins on each arm using the tool. The individual measures were then aggregated to provide a total vein score out of 12. Inter‐rater reliability of the vein score tool was assessed by calculating the intraclass correlation coefficient for absolute agreement.ResultsFifty‐seven phlebotomists across four fixed blood donation centres performed paired vein assessments on 553 blood donors. The intraclass correlation coefficient indicated moderate inter‐rater reliability was achieved. The median scores for viable donations were 10, for non‐viable donations were 6·5 and for failed phlebotomies were 4. Donation histories of donors with lower vein scores indicated lower success during blood donation.ConclusionThe vein score tool appears to be predictive of a successful donation outcome, however, since there was not a suitably high correlation between the scores of the two assessors, further refinement of the tool will be required prior to wider use.
Impact of cell saver during cardiac surgery on blood transfusion requirements: a systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Al Khabori Murtadha , Al Riyami Arwa , Siddiqi Mohammad Salman , Sarfaraz Ziyab Khan , Ziadinov Edem , Al Sabti Hilal 
Published: July 2019

ObjectiveWe performed a systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized clinical trials on adult patients undergoing cardiac surgery and compared the rates of red blood cell (RBC), platelet and fresh frozen plasma (FFP) transfusion between the cell saver (CS) and the standard of care groups.MethodsMEDLINE ®, The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), American Society of Hematology (ASH) and bibliographies of relevant studies were searched. We used random‐effect model.ResultsOur search strategy returned 624 citations, of which 15 studies were selected. The use of CS did not decrease the rate of RBC transfusion (odds ratio [OR]: 0·69; 95% CI: 0·48–1·00), albeit with a substantial heterogeneity (I2 = 60%). The year of publication explained most of the heterogeneity (P for subgroup effect <0·001). Although the rate of platelet transfusion was lower in the CS group, the difference was not statistically significant (OR: 0·83; 95% CI: 0·57–1·2; I2 = 0%). The rate of FFP transfusion was numerically higher in the CS group; however, this difference did not reach statistical significance (OR: 1·26; 95% CI: 0·82–1·94; I2 = 15%). Only two studies scored five on the Jadad score. There was no indication of a publication bias using the funnel plot and Egger test (P = 0·34, 0·87, and 0·62 for RBC, platelet and FFP, respectively).ConclusionThe use of CS during cardiac surgery does not have an impact on the rates of RBC, platelet and FFP transfusion; however, this should be interpreted in the light of the study limitations.
The LunHab project: Muscle and bone alterations in male participants following a 10 day lunar habitat simulation
Authors: McDonnell Adam C. , Eiken Ola , Frings‐Meuthen Petra , Rittweger Joern , Mekjavic Igor B. 
Published: July 2019

New Findings
What is the central question of this study?
It is well established that muscle and bone atrophy in conditions of inactivity or unloading, but there is little information regarding the effect of a hypoxic environment on the time course of these deconditioning physiological systems.

What is the main finding and its importance?
The main finding is that a horizontal 10 day bed rest in normoxia results in typical muscle atrophy, which is not aggravated by hypoxia. Changes in bone mineral content or in metabolism were not detected after either normoxic or hypoxic bed rest.

AbstractMusculoskeletal atrophy constitutes a typical adaptation to inactivity and unloading of weightbearing bones. The reduced‐gravity environment in future Moon and Mars habitats is likely to be hypobaric hypoxic, and there is an urgent need to understand the effect of hypoxia on the process of inactivity‐induced musculoskeletal atrophy. This was the principal aim of the present study. Eleven males participated in three 10 day interventions: (i) hypoxic ambulatory confinement; (ii) hypoxic bed rest; and (iii) normoxic bed rest. Before and after the interventions, the muscle strength (isometric maximal voluntary contraction), mass (lean mass, by dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry), cross‐sectional area and total bone mineral content (determined with peripheral quantitative computed tomography) of the participants were measured. Blood and urine samples were collected before and on the 1st, 4th and 10th day of the intervention and analysed for biomarkers of bone resorption and formation. There was a significant reduction in thigh and lower leg muscle mass and volume after both normoxic and hypoxic bed rests. Muscle strength loss was proportionately greater than the loss in muscle mass for both thigh and lower leg. There was no indication of bone loss. Furthermore, the biomarkers of resorption and formation were not affected by any of the interventions. There was no significant effect of hypoxia on the musculoskeletal variables. Short‐term normoxic (10 day) bed rest resulted in muscular deconditioning, but not in the loss of bone mineral content or changes in bone metabolism. Hypoxia did not modify these results.
Mixed-methods evaluation comparing the impact of two different mindfulness approaches on stress, anxiety and depression in school teachers
Authors: Todd Charlotte , Cooksey Roxanne , Davies Helen , McRobbie Clare , Brophy Sinead 
Published: July 2019

ObjectivesThis study compared the impact of two different 8-week mindfulness based courses (.b Foundations and Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR)), delivered to school teachers, on quantitative (stress, anxiety and depression) and qualitative (experience, acceptability and implementation) outcomes.DesignA mixed-methods design was employed. Matched-paired t-tests were used to examine change from baseline, with imputation conducted to account for those lost to follow-up. Qualitative methods involved 1:1 semistructured interviews (n=10). Thematic analysis was used to explore differences in experience between courses.SettingCourses took place in UK primary schools or nearby leisure centres, 1:1 interviews took place via telephone.Participants44/69 teachers from schools in the UK were recruited from their attendance at mindfulness courses (.b and MBSR).InterventionsParticipants attended either an MBSR (experiential style learning, 2 hours per week) or .b Foundations (more classroom focused learning, 1.5 hours per week) 8-week mindfulness course.Outcome measuresStress (Perceived Stress Scale), anxiety and depression (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale) were evaluated in both groups at baseline (n=44), end of intervention (n=32) and 3-month follow-up (n=19).ResultsBoth courses were associated with significant reductions in stress (.b 6.38; 95% CI 1.74 to 11.02; MBSR 9.69; 95% CI 4.9 to 14.5) and anxiety (.b 3.36; 95% CI 1.69 to 5.0; MBSR 4.06; 95% CI 2.6 to 5.5). MBSR was associated with improved depression outcomes (4.3; 95% CI 2.5 to 6.11). No differences were found in terms of experience and acceptability. Four main themes were identified including preconceptions, factors influencing delivery, perceived impact and training desires/practical application.Conclusion.b Foundations appears as beneficial as MBSR in anxiety and stress reduction but MBSR may be more appropriate for depression. Consideration over implementation factors may largely improve the acceptability of mindfulness courses for teachers. Further research with larger samples is needed.
Systematic review protocol: an assessment of the post-approval challenges of autologous CAR-T therapy delivery
Authors: Lam Ching , Meinert Edward , Halioua-Haubold Celine-Lea , Carter Alison , Yang Aidong , Brindley David , Cui Zhanfeng 
Published: July 2019

IntroductionFollowing recent regulatory approvals of two chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapies, the field now faces a number of post-approval challenges. These challenges are in some respects defined and, in others, uncertain due to the nascence of the field. At present, information pertaining to such post-approval challenges are scattered in various previous reviews or raised in singular papers reporting experience in working with the therapy. This systematic review is designed to evaluate and summarise the post-approval challenges for robust delivery of CAR-T therapies to inform future work on the optimisation of CAR-T delivery to patients.Methods and analysisWe will search Medline, EMBASE (OvidSP), BIOSIS & Web of Science, Cochrane Library, ICER database, NICE Evidence Search, CEA Registry, WHOLIS WHO Library and Scopus for studies published between 2014 and the present. In addition, a Google search for grey literature such as bioprocess blog posts, opinion pieces, press releases and listed companies involved in CAR-T development annual reports will be conducted. Two authors will independently screen the titles and abstracts identified from the search and accept or reject the studies according to the study inclusion criteria and any discrepancies will be discussed and resolved. The quality of the selected literature will be assessed using theCritical Appraisal Skills Programme(CASP) Systematic Review checklist and grey literature will be assessed using the Authority, Accuracy, Coverage, Objectivity, Date, Significance (AACODS) checklist. Data from eligible publications will be categorised using a flowchart and extracted using a data abstraction form. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of the post-approval challenges of CAR-T therapies will be conducted based on the results attained.Ethics and disseminationThe executed study will be published in a peer-reviewed journal in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. The findings from this review will be used to inform the development of an optimisation model for robust delivery of CAR-T therapies using a systems engineering approach.Trial registration numberCRD42018109756.
Cross-sectional study on influence of the family environment on the lifetime non-medical use of prescription drugs among Chinese adolescents in Guangdong: an analysis of sex differences
Authors: Wang Wanxin , Luo Min , Xi Chuhao , Lei Yiling , Pan Siyuan , Gao Xue , Xu Yan , Huang Guoliang , Deng Xueqing , Guo Lan , Lu CiYong 
Published: July 2019

ObjectivesThis study aimed to assess if adolescents had used any prescription drugs non-medically, to explore the associations between the family environment and non-medical use of prescription drugs (NMUPD) and to investigate whether there are any sex differences in the aforementioned associations.DesignA population-based cross-sectional study.SettingA secondary analysis of the cross-sectional data collected from high school students in Guangdong who were sampled using a multistage, stratified-cluster, random-sampling method in the 2015 School-based Chinese Adolescents Health Survey.ParticipantsA total of 21 774 students aged 12–20 years.Data analysisMultilevel logistic regression models were used to explore the univariable and multivariable relationship between family environment and NMUPD among adolescents. Adjusted ORs and corresponding 95% CI were calculated.Outcome measuresQuestions regarding to adolescent’ NMUPD (including sedative, opioid and stimulant) were surveyed in the study.ResultsA total of 6.3% students reported lifetime NMUPD in this study. The most commonly used drugs were opioids (3.9%), followed by sedatives (3.2%) and stimulants (2.5%). Multilevel analyses indicated that living arrangements, family economic status, parental relationships, parental education levels, monthly pocket money, parental drinking and drug problems were significantly correlated to the NMUPD among all students. Among boys, living arrangements, family economic status, maternal education levels, monthly pocket money, parental drinking and drug problems were significantly related to different types of NMUPD. The same factors were related to girls’ NMUPD, except for maternal education levels. Parental relationships and paternal education levels were also associated with girls’ NMUPD.ConclusionThe family environment exerts an important influence on adolescents’ NMUPD. Interventions targeted at families are highly recommended considering the negative effects of NMUPD. In addition, the child’s sex might be taken into consideration when developing and implementing preventive strategies.
Dose–response associations between metabolic indexes and the risk of comorbid type 2 diabetes mellitus among rheumatoid arthritis patients from Northern China: a case–control study
Authors: Li Guangxiao , Chi Weijun , Bai Bingqing , Li Ying , Wei Tingting , Fu Lingyu 
Published: July 2019

ObjectiveTo investigate whether there were any differences in the patterns of metabolic abnormalities between patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) with comorbid type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and other populations, and to plot the dose–response relationships between metabolic indexes and the risk of comorbid T2DM among patients with RA.Design and settingThis is a retrospective case–control study using electronic medical records (EMRs). Patients with RA and/or T2DM or controls who were admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University between April 2008 and December 2016 were retrospectively recruited through the EMR system. After age-matching and sex-matching, 261 controls, 274 patients with T2DM, 276 patients with RA and 151 patients with RA+T2DM were eventually recruited.ResultsPatients with RA+T2DM exhibited higher levels of systolic blood pressure (SBP), fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and triglyceride (TG) than the RA only patients. Moreover, the proportions of impaired fasting glucose (IFG), and total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) dyslipidaemia in the RA+T2DM group were higher than those in the RA alone group (for IFG: 28.48% vs 18.84%, p=0.02; for TC: 25.17% vs 15.22%, p=0.01; for LDL-C: 25.83% vs 17.03%; p=0.03). Rheumatoid factor (RF) positivity and IFG were independent risk indicators for comorbid T2DM among patients with RA (for RF positivity: OR=0.45; 95% CI: 0.29 to 0.69; p<0.001; for IFG: OR=1.70; 95% CI: 1.04 to 2.76; p=0.03).ConclusionLinear dose–response associations between SBP, TC, TG and the risk of comorbid T2DM among patients with RA were observed, whereas a non-linear dose–response association between FPG and the risk of comorbid T2DM was found. Patients with RA+T2DM were more likely to exhibit metabolic abnormalities than RA only patients. Patients with RA+T2DM with metabolic abnormalities deserve more attention from rheumatologists and endocrinologists.