bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of cinnamon essential oil on gut microbiota in the mouse model of dextran sodium sulfate‐induced colitis
Authors: Li Ai‐li , Ni Wei‐wei , Zhang Qi‐min , Li Ying , Zhang Xin , Wu Hong‐yan , Du Peng , Hou Jun‐cai , Zhang Yun 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIncreasing evidence has confirmed that the antimicrobial and anti‐inflammatory effects of cinnamon essential oil (CEO) contribute to protection against inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)‐induced colitis mouse model was established to investigate the correlation between the protective effects of CEO and the regulation of intestinal microflora. The symptoms of IBD were assessed by measuring the hemoglobin content, myeloperoxidase activity, histopathological observation, cytokines, and toll‐like receptor (TLR4) expression. The alteration of the fecal microbiome composition was analyzed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The results indicated that the oral administration of CEO enriched with cinnamaldehyde effectively alleviated the development of DSS‐induced colitis. In contrast to the inability of antibiotics to regulate flora imbalance, the mice fed with CEO had an improved diversity and richness of intestinal microbiota, and a modified community composition with a decrease in Helicobacter and Bacteroides and an increase in Bacteroidales_S24‐7 family and short‐chain fatty acids (SCFA)‐producing bacteria (Alloprevotella and Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group). Moreover, the correlation analysis showed that TLR4 and tumor necrosis factor‐α was positively correlated with Helicobacter, but inversely correlated with SCFA‐producing bacteria. These findings indicated from a new perspective that the inhibitory effect of CEO on IBD was closely related to improving the intestinal flora imbalance.
Serological survey of influenza A virus infection in Japanese wild boars (Sus scrofa leucomystax)
Authors: Fujimoto Yoshikazu , Inoue Hideya , Ozawa Makoto , Matsuu Aya 
Published: October 2019

AbstractWe conducted a serological survey to detect antibodies against influenza A virus (IAV) in Japanese wild boars in Kagoshima prefecture, Japan, between 2014 and 2017. Seroprevalence against a pandemic‐like swine H1N1 (H1N1pdm) virus was identified in 27.1% of specimens, and 1.7% were positive for both swine H1N2 and H3N2 viruses, indicating that wild boars could play an important role in the dynamics of H1N1pdm viral dispersion in the wild. The high frequency of positive results for sera against the H1N1pdm virus suggests that cross‐species IAV transmission between wild boars, livestock, and humans is a threat to veterinary and public health.
Effect of culling on individual badger Meles meles behaviour: Potential implications for bovine tuberculosis transmission
Authors: Ham Cally , Donnelly Christl A. , Astley Kelly L. , Jackson Seth Y. B. , Woodroffe Rosie 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Culling wildlife as a form of disease management can have unexpected and sometimes counterproductive outcomes. In the UK, badgers Meles meles are culled in efforts to reduce badger‐to‐cattle transmission of Mycobacterium bovis, the causative agent of bovine tuberculosis (TB). However, culling has previously been associated with both increased and decreased incidence of M. bovis infection in cattle.

The adverse effects of culling have been linked to cull‐induced changes in badger ranging, but such changes are not well‐documented at the individual level. Using GPS‐collars, we characterized individual badger behaviour within an area subjected to widespread industry‐led culling, comparing it with the same area before culling and with three unculled areas.

Culling was associated with a 61% increase (95% CI 27%–103%) in monthly home range size, a 39% increase (95% CI 28%–51%) in nightly maximum distance from the sett, and a 17% increase (95% CI 11%–24%) in displacement between successive GPS‐collar locations recorded at 20‐min intervals. Despite travelling further, we found a 91.2 min (95% CI 67.1–115.3 min) reduction in the nightly activity time of individual badgers associated with culling. These changes became apparent while culls were ongoing and persisted after culling ended.

Expanded ranging in culled areas was associated with individual badgers visiting 45% (95% CI 15%–80%) more fields each month, suggesting that surviving individuals had the opportunity to contact more cattle. Moreover, surviving badgers showed a 19.9‐fold increase (95% CI 10.8–36.4‐fold increase) in the odds of trespassing into neighbouring group territories, increasing opportunities for intergroup contact.

Synthesis and applications. Badger culling was associated with behavioural changes among surviving badgers which potentially increased opportunities for both badger‐to‐badger and badger‐to‐cattle transmission of Mycobacterium bovis. Furthermore, by reducing the time badgers spent active, culling may have reduced badgers' accessibility to shooters, potentially undermining subsequent population control efforts. Our results specifically illustrate the challenges posed by badger behaviour to cull‐based TB control strategies and furthermore, they highlight the negative impacts culling can have on integrated disease control strategies.
Influence of the Crc global regulator on substrate uptake rates and the distribution of metabolic fluxes in Pseudomonas putida KT2440 growing in a complete medium
Authors: Molina Lázaro , La Rosa Ruggero , Nogales Juan , Rojo Fernando 
Published: October 2019

AbstractWhen the soil bacterium Pseudomonas putida grows in a complete medium, it prioritizes the assimilation of preferred carbon sources, optimizing its metabolism and growth. This regulatory process is orchestrated by the Crc and Hfq proteins. The present work examines the changes that occur in metabolic fluxes when the crc gene is inactivated and cells grow exponentially in LB complete medium. Analyses were performed at three different moments during exponential growth, examining the assimilation rates for the compounds present in LB, changes in the proteome, and the changes in metabolic fluxes predicted by the iJN1411 metabolic model for P. putida KT2440. During the early exponential phase, consumption rates for sugars, many organic acids and most amino acids were higher in a Crc‐null strain than in the wild type, leading to an overflow of the metabolic pathways and the leakage of pyruvate and acetate. These accelerated consumption rates decreased during the mid‐exponential phase, when cells mostly used sugars and alanine. At later times, pyruvate was recovered from the medium and utilized. The higher consumption rates of the Crc‐null strain reduced the growth rate. The lack of the Crc/Hfq regulatory system thus led to unbalanced metabolism with poorly optimized metabolic fluxes.
The interdependence of global oil price, China's stock price and economic policy uncertainty
Authors: Gao Xue , Ren Yixin , Li Xin 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThis investigation examines the interaction among global oil price (OP), China's stock price (SP) and China's economic policy uncertainty (EPU) during the period of 2005:01 and 2017:12. A rolling window Toda‐Yamamoto causality method shows a complex time‐varying relationship. Bilateral causalities between these variables mostly accompany by sharp fluctuations in global or China's economy. Taking into account the inherent consistency of this time‐varying relation, the causal steps approach shows EPU follows a partial but time‐varying mediator process during crisis periods, which suggests EPU is one of mediator variables in this transmission mechanism. The mediator role of EPU in the transmission mechanism of OP and SP has not been paid enough attention before. Our findings provide a new direction for investors from the perspective of policy changes to deal with risks caused by OP and SP fluctuations especially when the financial market experiencing huge fluctuations.
Feelings of betrayal and echoes of the First Crusade in Odo of Deuil's De profectione Ludovici VII in Orientem
Authors: Spencer Stephen J. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
This article seeks to shed light on the literary agenda of Odo of Deuil, author of the most detailed Latin account of the Levantine branch of the Second Crusade. It calls for scholars to reinstate Odo's vilification of the Byzantines as a primary, rather than secondary, objective and proposes a new explanation for his stringent anti-Greek tone. It first extends our knowledge of Odo's engagement with the historiographical tradition of the First Crusade, before drawing attention to a hitherto unappreciated layer in his vilification of the Byzantines: his use of emotional language.
Composition and occurrence of aflatoxin M1 in cow's milk samples from Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran
Authors: Hajmohammadi Marzieh , Valizadeh Reza , Naserian Abassali , Nourozi Mohammad E , Rocha Ramon S , Oliveira Carlos A F 
Published: October 2019

The composition and occurrence of aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) were investigated in 60 samples of cow's raw milk samples from Razavi Khorasan Province of Iran. Only percentages of milk samples protein, lactose and total solids in samples collected during summer were slightly lower than the Iranian reference values. Compared with summer samples, higher percentages of milk samples components were observed in the winter. The overall mean AFM1 level was 61 ± 8 ng/L, with 24 samples (40%) showing concentrations above the maximum permitted level established in Iran (50 ng/L). Control measures are urgently needed to avoid aflatoxin in milk samples produced in Razavi Khorasan Province.
25‐Hydroxyvitamin D concentrations and risk of metabolic syndrome in systemic lupus erythematosus women
Authors: García‐Carrasco Mario , Mendoza‐Pinto Claudia , Cabrera‐Jiménez Miriam , Munguía‐Realpozo Pamela , Méndez‐Martínez Socorro , Etchegaray‐Morales Ivet , Berra‐Romani Roberto , Zamora‐Ginez Irma , López‐Colombo Aurelio , Monroy‐Azuara Marianne G. , Ruiz‐Arguelles Alejandro 
Published: October 2019

AbstractObjectiveA protective function of vitamin D in metabolic syndrome (MetS) has been described. The objective of the present study was to examine the relationship between serum 25‐hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations and MetS in non‐diabetic systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) women.MethodsCross‐sectional analyses of the relationship between concentrations of 25(OH)D, MetS, and its components were made in 160 non‐diabetic SLE women. MetS was defined according to National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III criteria. Serum 25(OH)D was measured by chemiluminescent immunoassay. Serum 25(OH)D concentrations were categorized into quartiles (<16.6, 16.6‐21.1, 21.2‐26.3, ≥26.4 ng/mL).ResultsA total of 79 (49.3%) SLE women had MetS. Without adjusting for body mass index (BMI) or smoking, the odds of having MetS decreased according to increasing quartiles of 25(OH)D concentrations (P for trend = .03). The odds ratio (OR) of having MetS was 0.4 (95% confidence interval: 0.2‐0.9, P = .04) for the highest vs the lowest quartile of 25(OH)D concentrations when adjusted by age. The crude OR of having elevated hypertriglyceridemia decreased according to increasing quartiles of 25(OH)D concentrations (P for trend = .036). However, further adjustments for BMI and smoking removed the inverse association between 25(OH)D concentrations and MetS and its individual components.ConclusionIn non‐diabetic SLE women with mild activity, 25(OH)D concentrations are not associated with MetS and its components.
Development and validation of a novel rheumatoid arthritis knowledge assessment scale in Pakistani patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Naqvi Atta Abbas , Hassali Mohamed Azmi , Iffat Wajiha , Zia Madiha , Fatima Mustajab , Shakeel Sadia , Khan Irfanullah , Jahangir Amnah , Kachela Bharti , Nadir Muhammad Nehal , Qureshi Imran , Bangash Umair 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAimRheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic progressive disabling disease that mainly affects joints. Studies documenting Pakistani patients' knowledge regarding RA disease are lacking and there is a need for such endeavor. The purpose of this study was to develop and validate a novel research tool to document patient knowledge about RA disease.MethodsA novel research instrument known as the rheumatoid arthritis knowledge assessment scale (RAKAS) which consisted of 13 items, was formulated by a rheumatology panel and used for this study. This study was conducted in rheumatology clinics of three tertiary care hospitals in Karachi, Pakistan. The study was conducted in March–April 2018. Patients were recruited using a randomized computer‐generated list of appointments. Sample size was calculated based on item‐to‐respondent ratio of 1:15. The validities, factor structure, sensitivity, reliability and internal consistency of RAKAS were assessed. The study was approved by the institutional Ethics Committee.ResultsA total of 263 patients responded to the study. Content validity was 0.93 and response rate was 89.6%. Factor analysis revealed a 3‐factor structure. Fit indices, namely normed fit index (NFI), Tucker Lewis index (TLI), comparative fit index (CFI) and root mean square of error approximation (RMSEA) were calculated with satisfactory results, that is, NFI, TLI and CFI > 0.9, and RMSEA < 0.06. Internal consistency (α) was 0.62, that is, acceptable. All items had a high discrimination index, that is, >19 and difficulty index <0.95. Sensitivity and specificity of RAKAS were above 90%. The tool established construct and known group validities.ConclusionA novel tool to document disease knowledge in patients with RA was formulated and validated.
Post‐progression survival is highly linked to overall survival in patients with non‐small‐cell lung cancer harboring sensitiveEGFRmutations treated with first‐line epidermal growth factor receptor‐tyrosine kinase inhibitors
Authors: Imai Hisao , Kaira Kyoichi , Mori Keita , Kotake Mie , Mitani Masumi , Kawashima Naoko , Hisada Takeshi , Minato Koichi 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundIn patients with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)‐mutated advanced non‐small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC), epidermal growth factor receptor‐tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR‐TKI) treatment has shown a good response. Subsequent treatments jeopardize the ability to determine the effect of first‐line chemotherapy on overall survival (OS). Therefore, using patient‐level data, we aimed to study the associations of progression‐free survival (PFS) and post‐progression survival (PPS) with OS after first‐line EGFR‐TKI treatment in patients withEGFR‐mutated NSCLC.MethodsBetween November 2006 and December 2016, we analyzed 92 patients withEGFR‐mutated NSCLC treated with first‐line EGFR‐TKI. The correlations of PFS and PPS with OS were analyzed for each patient.ResultsSpearman's rank correlation and linear regression analyzes showed that PPS correlated highly with OS (r= 0.85,P < 0.05,R2= 0.75), whereas PFS correlated weakly with OS (r= 0.76,P < 0.05,R2= 0.50). The best responses after first‐line and second‐line treatments were significantly associated with PPS.ConclusionsPPS has a higher impact on OS than PFS in patients withEGFR‐mutated NSCLC treated with first‐line EGFR‐TKIs. These outcomes suggest that the OS in this patient group may be affected by treatments following first‐line chemotherapy; however, this remains to be verified in prospective trials.
Sex Without Contraceptives in a Multicenter Study of Adolescent Emergency Department Patients
Authors: Chernick Lauren S. , Chun Thomas H. , Richards Rachel , Bromberg Julie R. , Ahmad Fahd A. , McAninch Brett , Mull Colette , Shenoi Rohit , Suffoletto Brian , Casper Charlie , Linakis James , Spirito Anthony ,   Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network (PECARN)
Published: October 2019

AbstractObjectivesIn the United States, rates of teenage pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) remain exceptionally high, and racial and ethnic disparities persist. Emergency departments (EDs) care for over 19 million adolescents each year, the majority being minority and low socioeconomic status. Single‐center studies demonstrate infrequent use of contraceptives among adolescent ED patients and an association between risky sex and behaviors such as alcohol and drug use; however, no multicenter ED data exist. The objectives of this study were to 1) determine the prevalence of sex without contraceptives in a large multicenter adolescent ED study and 2) assess patient demographic and risky behaviors associated with sex without contraceptives.MethodsParticipants aged 14 to 17 years (n = 3,247) in 16 pediatric EDs across the United States completed an electronic survey. Questions focused on validated measures of risky sex; use of alcohol, tobacco, marijuana, and other drugs; and depression and violence. In this secondary analysis, we constructed univariable and multivariable models to identify demographic and behavioral factors associated with sex without contraceptives (our primary outcome), separately for adolescent males and females.ResultsIn the prior year, 17.4% (236/1,356) of males and 15.8% (299/1,891) of females had sex without contraceptives. In the multivariable model, sex without contraceptives for both genders was more likely among teens who were black, with conduct problems and participated in casual sex, binge drinking, or cannabis use. Sex without contraceptives was also more likely among Hispanic and cigarette‐smoking males, as well as depressed females.ConclusionsAdolescent ED patients across the United States are participating in risky sexual behaviors that increase their likelihood of pregnancy and STI acquisition. These adolescents report a number of problem behaviors, including substance use, which are strongly correlated with unprotected sex. The ED visit may be an opportunity to identify at‐risk adolescent patients, address risky behaviors, and intervene to improve adolescent health.
ILC3 deficiency and generalized ILC abnormalities in DOCK8‐deficient patients
Authors: Eken Ahmet , Cansever Murat , Okus Fatma Zehra , Erdem Serife , Nain Ercan , Azizoglu Zehra Busra , Haliloglu Yesim , Karakukcu Musa , Ozcan Alper , Devecioglu Omer , Aksu Guzide , Arikan Ayyildiz Zeynep , Topal Erdem , Karakoc Aydiner Elif , Kiykim Ayca , Metin Ayse , Cipe Funda , Kaya Aysenur , Artac Hasibe , Reisli Ismail , Guner Sukru N. , Uygun Vedat , Karasu Gulsun , Dönmez Altuntas Hamiyet , Canatan Halit , Oukka Mohamed , Ozen Ahmet , Chatila Talal A. , Keles Sevgi , Baris Safa , Unal Ekrem , Patiroglu Turkan 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundDedicator of cytokinesis 8 (DOCK8) deficiency is the main cause of the autosomal recessive hyper‐IgE syndrome (HIES). We previously reported the selective loss of group 3 innate lymphoid cell (ILC) number and function in a Dock8‐deficient mouse model. In this study, we sought to test whether DOCK8 is required for the function and maintenance of ILC subsets in humans.MethodsPeripheral blood ILC1‐3 subsets of 16 DOCK8‐deficient patients recruited at the pretransplant stage, and seven patients with autosomal dominant (AD) HIES due to STAT3 mutations, were compared with those of healthy controls or post‐transplant DOCK8‐deficient patients (n = 12) by flow cytometry and real‐time qPCR. Sorted total ILCs from DOCK8‐ or STAT3‐mutant patients and healthy controls were assayed for survival, apoptosis, proliferation, and activation by IL‐7, IL‐23, and IL‐12 by cell culture, flow cytometry, and phospho‐flow assays.ResultsDOCK8‐deficient but not STAT3‐mutant patients exhibited a profound depletion of ILC3s, and to a lesser extent ILC2s, in their peripheral blood. DOCK8‐deficient ILC1‐3 subsets had defective proliferation, expressed lower levels of IL‐7R, responded less to IL‐7, IL‐12, or IL‐23 cytokines, and were more prone to apoptosis compared with those of healthy controls.ConclusionDOCK8 regulates human ILC3 expansion and survival, and more globally ILC cytokine signaling and proliferation. DOCK8 deficiency leads to loss of ILC3 from peripheral blood. ILC3 deficiency may contribute to the susceptibility of DOCK8‐deficient patients to infections.
Baseline intrinsic heart rate and response to ivabradine treatment in patients with inappropriate sinus tachycardia
Authors: Kaczmarek Krzysztof , Klingenheben Thomas , Poddebska Izabela , Urbanek Irmina , Wranicz Jerzy K. , Cygankiewicz Iwona , Ptaszyński Pawel 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundTreatment with ivabradine became a new therapeutic alternative for patients with inappropriate sinus tachycardia (IST). The aim was to determine a relation between intrinsic heart rate (IHR) and response to ivabradine treatment.MethodsTwenty‐seven patients (mean age 37 ± 11; 23 women) with symptomatic IST despite medical treatment were recruited into the study. Resting ECG, 24‐hr ECG monitoring (24hECG), exercise treadmill test, and symptoms evaluation were performed initially and after 60 days on ivabradine. IHR was acquired at baseline after pharmacological autonomic blockade.ResultsNineteen patients (70%) were classified as abnormal IHR group (AIHR) while eight showed normal IHR (NIHR). No significant differences in ECG parameters were found between NIHR and AIHR subgroups, while baseline exercise capacity was higher in AIHR patients (10.9 vs. 9.5 METs, p < .05). Ivabradine treatment resulted in significant reduction in resting heart rate, average 24hECG heart rate, improvement in exercise capacity and reduction of symptoms in both subgroups. Nevertheless, favorable influence of ivabradine was significantly more exaggerated in AIHR subgroup (HR 116 vs. 90 bpm, av. HR 98 vs. 79 bpm, 10.9 vs. 13.6 METS, EHRA score 3.1 vs. 1.1, p < .001 for all) than in NIHR patients (HR 112 vs. 98 bpm, av. HR 97 vs. 88 bpm, 9.5 vs. 11.1 METs, EHRA score 3.1 vs. 1.9; p < .05 for all).ConclusionsIntrinsic heart rate may be useful in predicting response to ivabradine in patients with IST. More intense response to ivabradine in patients with AIHR may be attributed to different pathophysiological mechanisms underlying IST in AIHR and NIHR groups.
Forkhead box C1 promotes metastasis and invasion of non–small cell lung cancer by binding directly to the lysyl oxidase promoter
Authors: Gong Rumei , Lin Wenli , Gao Aiqin , Liu Yanli , Li Juan , Sun Meili , Chen Xiaozheng , Han Shuyi , Men Chengsong , Sun Yuping , Liu Jie 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIncreasing evidence indicates that human forkhead box C1 (FOXC1) plays important roles in tumor development and metastasis. However, the underlying molecular mechanism of FOXC1 in non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) metastasis remains unclear. Here, we identified FOXC1 as an independent prognostic factor in NSCLC and showed clear biological implications in invasion and metastasis. FOXC1 overexpression enhanced the proliferation, migration and invasion of NSCLC cells, whereas FOXC1 silencing impaired the effects both in vitro and in vivo. Importantly, we found a positive correlation between FOXC1 expression and lysyl oxidase (LOX) expression in NSCLC cells and patient samples. Downregulation of LOX or LOX activity inhibition in NSCLC cells inhibited the FOXC1‐driven effects on cellular migration and invasion. Xenograft models showed that inhibition of LOX activity by β‐aminopropionitrile monofumarate decreased the number of lung metastases. Mechanistically, we demonstrated a novel FOXC1‐LOX mechanism that was involved in the invasion and metastasis of NSCLC. Dual‐luciferase assay and ChIP identified that FOXC1 bound directly in the LOX promoter region and activated its transcription. Collectively, the present study offered new insight into FOXC1 in the mediation of NSCLC metastasis through interaction with the LOX promoter and further revealed that targeted inhibition of LOX protein activity could prevent lung metastasis in murine xenograft models. These data implicated FOXC1 as a potential therapeutic strategy for the treatment of NSCLC metastasis.