bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment and Management of Anti-Insulin Autoantibodies in Varying Presentations of Insulin Autoimmune Syndrome
Authors: Church David , Cardoso Luís , Kay Richard G , Williams Claire L , Freudenthal Bernard , Clarke Catriona , Harris Julie , Moorthy Myuri , Karra Efthmia , Gribble Fiona M , Reimann Frank , Burling Keith , Williams Alistair J K , Munir Alia , Jones T Hugh , Führer Dagmar , Moeller Lars C , Cohen Mark , Khoo Bernard , Halsall David , Semple Robert K , Führer-Sakel Dagmar 
Published: July 2018

AbstractContextInsulin autoimmune syndrome (IAS), spontaneous hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia due to insulin-binding autoantibodies, may be difficult to distinguish from tumoral or other forms of hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia, including surreptitious insulin administration. No standardized treatment regimen exists.ObjectivesTo evaluate an analytic approach to IAS and responses to different treatments.Design and SettingObservational study in the UK Severe Insulin Resistance Service.PatientsSix patients with hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia and detectable circulating anti–insulin antibody (IA).Main Outcome MeasuresGlycemia, plasma insulin, and C-peptide concentrations by immunoassay or mass spectrometry (MS). Immunoreactive insulin was determined in the context of polyethylene glycol (PEG) precipitation and gel filtration chromatography (GFC). IA quantification using ELISA and RIA, and IA were further characterized using radioligand binding studies.ResultsAll patients were diagnosed with IAS (five IgG, one IgA) based on a high insulin/C-peptide ratio, low insulin recovery after PEG precipitation, and GFC evidence of antibody-bound insulin. Neither ELISA nor RIA result proved diagnostic for every case. MS provided a more robust quantification of insulin in the context of IA. One patient was managed conservatively, four were treated with diazoxide without sustained benefit, and four were treated with immunosuppression with highly variable responses. IA affinity did not appear to influence presentation or prognosis.ConclusionsIAS should be considered in patients with hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia and a high insulin/C-peptide ratio. Low insulin recovery on PEG precipitation supports the presence of insulin-binding antibodies, with GFC providing definitive confirmation. Immunomodulatory therapy should be customized according to individual needs and clinical response.
FT-IR/NIR Spectroscopic Study of the Hydrogen-Bonding of CH to Water in 1-Fluoroheptane
Authors: Iwamoto Reikichi , Harui Rika 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
The aim of the present study is to investigate how F substitution influences the hydrogen-bonding of the CH to water of an alkane. For this purpose we have comparatively studied the hydrogen bonding of the CH to water of heptane CH3(CH2)5CH3 and 1-fluoroheptane CH2F(CH2)5CH3. The property was analyzed from the separated OH stretching spectra of water dissolved in neat liquids and 1-fluoroheptane solution in heptane as solvent. It has been found that the CH of heptane does not interact with water but the CH of 1-fluoroheptane is hydrogen-bonded as a proton donor to water in the manner of CH⋯OH2. The hydration pattern was supported by the observed effects of hydration on the overtone and combination bands of the CH vibrations of CHCl3, of which the CH acts as a proton donor to water. The present study has spectroscopically shown that the CH, which can be activated by the substitution at the Cα position, of an aliphatic hydrocarbon chain may contribute to the hydrogen-bonding interactions with water in organic and biological materials.
As origens históricas do civil law e do common law
Authors: De Queiroz Barboza Estefânia Maria 
Published: July 2018

O artigo estuda o histórico do common law inglês, trazendo o desenvolvimento do equity, enquanto conjunto de regras supletivas ao lado do crescimento do direito jurisprudencial naquele sistema. Também serão estudados os limites do common law à suposta supremacia do Parlamento britânico. Do mesmo modo, o artigo traz a racionalidade do direito jurisprudencial naquele país como forma de dar estabilidade e segurança jurídica ao sistema. Examina o desenvolvimento do common law nos Estados Unidos, partindo-se da aparente oposição ao direito inglês ao estabelecer forte limitação ao Parlamento pelo sistema de checks and balances com primazia do Poder Judiciário para controlar a compatibilidade das leis em relação a uma Constituição escrita e suprema. Também enfrenta o desenvolvimento histórico do sistema de civil law, que teve em sua origem a preocupação com a completude do sistema jurídico a ser realizado por meio da codificação, como um modo de garantia de segurança jurídica e previsibilidade do sistema. Conclui que, a partir do séc. XX, os Sistemas vêm se aproximando a partir dos direitos humanos positivados nas Constituições escritas europeias, ou servindo de limites aos distintos Parlamentos estatais.
Cultural qualities and antenatal care for black African women: A literature review
Authors: Esegbona-Adeigbe Sarah 
Published: July 2018

Background There have been assumptions made in maternal mortality reports that culture is a relevant quality in determining black African women's use of antenatal services in the UK, but these cultural qualities are not defined. It is therefore important to explore the association between cultural qualities and the use of antenatal care for these women. Aims To examine cultural qualities relevant in antenatal care for black African women. Methods A literature review was conducted on the CINAHL Plus, Medline, POPLINE, PubMed, Cochrane and Scopus databases with a timeframe from January 2000 to August 2017, to capture the first noted increase in mortality for black African mothers in the UK. Findings A subjective, complex mix of several factors intertwined with culture may impact on adequate use of antenatal care by black African women, resulting in an increased risk of maternal mortality and morbidity. Conclusion The need to consider black African women's cultural beliefs and practices during antenatal care provision has been highlighted in this literature review. It is noted that there are other factors that may affect black African women's access and engagement with antenatal care, and women themselves have highlighted a lack of cultural sensitivity and valuing of sociocultural norms when asked about their experiences of antenatal care.
A practical guide to prescribing statins in primary care
Authors: Rees Sharon 
Published: July 2018

Statins can be controversial. Sharon Rees provides a guide to safe and effectice practice when managing patients taking these drugs Statins remain a controversial drug group and can cause problems for practice nurses who are prescribing them, and/or supporting medicines concordance. This article aims to provide an update into the current thinking underpinning statin use, and to guide the clinician regarding safe and effective practice when managing patients on these drugs. Alternatives to statin therapy are briefly outlined.
Stepping down therapies in COPD
Authors: Bostock-Cox Beverley 
Published: July 2018

Beverley Bostock-Cox explains why clinicians should regularly review their use of inhaled therapies and in some cases, step down treatment or take people off therapies The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) guidelines for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) guidelines have key differences in treatment. These discrepancies reflect a growing understanding about the risks and benefits of the inhaled therapies on the market, which was not available when NICE published its guidance but which is reflected in the GOLD guidelines. Clinicians should be able to differentiate between different COPD phenotypes based on the history and the GOLD ABCD algorithm, and recognise the different drug classes which are indicated for each category. It is important to regularly review patients' use of inhaled therapies and in some cases, step people with COPD down or off treatment.
Implant density is not related to patient-reported outcome in the surgical treatment of patients with idiopathic scoliosis
Authors: Charalampidis A. , Möller A. , Wretling M-L. , Brismar T. , Gerdhem P. 
Published: July 2018

Aims There is little information about the optimum number of implants to be used in the surgical treatment of idiopathic scoliosis. Retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data from the Swedish spine register was undertaken to discover whether more implants per operated vertebra (implant density) leads to a better outcome in the treatment of idiopathic scoliosis. The hypothesis was that implant density is not associated with patient-reported outcomes, the correction of the curve or the rate of reoperation. Patients and Methods A total of 328 patients with idiopathic scoliosis, aged between ten and 20 years at the time of surgery, were identified in the Swedish spine register (Swespine) and had patient reported outcomes including the Scoliosis Research Society 22r instrument (SRS-22r) score, EuroQol 5 dimensions quality of life, 3 level (EQ-5D-3L) score and a Viual Analogue Score (VAS) for back pain, at a mean follow-up of 3.1 years and reoperation data at a mean follow-up of 5.5 years. Implant data and the correction of the curve were assessed from radiographs, preoperatively and a mean of 1.9 years postoperatively. The patients were divided into tertiles based on implant density. Data were analyzed with analysis of variance, logistic regression or log-rank test. Some analyses were adjusted for gender, age at the time of surgery, the flexibility of the major curve and follow-up. Results The mean number of implants per operated vertebra in the low, medium and high-density groups were 1.36 (1.00 to 1.54), 1.65 (1.55 to 1.75) and 1.91 (1.77 to 2.00), respectively. There were no statistically significant differences in the correction of the curve, the SRS-22r total score, EQ-5D-3L index or number of reoperations between the groups (all p > 0.34). In the SRS-22r domains, self-image was marginally higher in the medium implant density group (p = 0.029) and satisfaction marginally higher in the high implant density group (p = 0.034). Conclusion These findings suggest that there is no clear advantage in using a high number of implants per operated vertebra in the surgical treatment of patients with idiopathic scoliosis. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2018;100-B:1080–6.
Reverse hybrid total hip arthroplasty
Authors: Jain S. , Magra M. , Dube B. , Veysi V. T. , Whitwell G. S. , Aderinto J. B. , Emerton M. E. , Stone M. H. , Pandit H. G. 
Published: July 2018

AimsThis study aimed to evaluate implant survival of reverse hybrid total hip arthroplasty (THA) at medium-term follow-up.Patients and MethodsA consecutive series of 1082 THAs in 982 patients with mean follow-up of 7.9 years (5 to 11.3) is presented. Mean age was 69.2 years (21 to 94). Of these, 194 (17.9%) were in patients under 60 years, 663 (61.3%) in female patients and 348 (32.2%) performed by a trainee. Head size was 28 mm in 953 hips (88.1%) or 32 mm in 129 hips (11.9%). Survival analysis was performed and subgroups compared using log rank tests.ResultsTen-year survival (122 hips at risk) was 97.2% (95% confidence interval (CI) 95.77 to 98.11) for all-cause revision. There was no difference in survival by age (p = 0.50), gender (p = 0.78), head size (p = 0.63) or surgeon grade (p = 0.36). No acetabular components underwent revision for aseptic loosening in the entire series. Four (0.4%) aseptic stem failures occurred early at a mean of 2.5 years (0.6 to 4.8) and were associated with age under 60 years (p = 0.015). There was no difference in survival by gender (p = 0.12), head size (p = 0.43) or surgeon grade (p = 0.77) for stem revision.ConclusionThis is the largest reported study into reverse hybrid THA and it confirms successful outcomes, irrespective of age, gender, head size and surgeon grade. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2018;100-B:1010–17.
‘Very much like any other Japanese RPG you’ve ever played’: Using undirected topic modelling to examine the evolution of JRPGs’ presence in anglophone web publications
Authors: Pelletier-Gagnon Jérémie 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
What types of discourses characterize Japanese role-playing games (JRPGs) as a genre of video games? Why is the genre so difficult to define, and why has it become polarizing within the gaming community? This article suggests an outline of the evolution of the discourse surrounding JRPGs based on a macroanalysis of the anglophone online gaming press. Using undirected topic modelling text mining methodology to analyse a corpus of 2053 JRPG reviews gathered from ten different online journalistic outlets posted between 1992 and 2014, this article demonstrates the circumstances of the gradual introduction of the term Japanese role-playing games in online publication, first as an extension of other examples Japanese pop culture in the late 1990s and early 2000s, and subsequently as its own genre appropriated by anglophone gaming culture in the mid-2000s onwards and subjected to this community’s particular regime of values.
‘It’s called Change’: Regenring, reconfiguring and representation
Authors: English Fiona 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
This article is built around an art piece, which depicts a particular phenomenon in physics concerning the process of transition and transformation; in other words, change. In itself the art piece is an example of ‘regenring’ in that it re-presents information that has previously been produced in other genres (scientific papers, mathematical formulae) by producing it using a different genre: a mixed media collaged picture displayed on a wall. In keeping with the theme of transformation and change, the article uses four different genres in discussing the piece: account of what is observed, interview with the maker of the piece, reflection-in-action shown in italics and reflection-on-action shown in boxes (the distinction of reflection-in- and reflection-on- action is taken from Schön) and in so doing explores, through these different lenses, how the art piece helps or hinders the unpacking of the science that it represents. It also provides a multilayered reflection on the theme of change itself since every aspect of this article, the topic, the art piece, the physics and the textual activity of how the discussion is represented, revolves around representing and observing through different lenses, regenring and transformation.
The Us in Museum: Promoting student engagement through regenring academic writing and collaborations
Authors: Palmer Polly , Lindley Julian 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
This case study describes a collaboration between the creative design programme at the University of Hertfordshire and the Museum of St Albans. This four-year project, now entering its third year, explores ways of better engaging design and craft students in the academic strand of the course. One approach is to find fresh ways of addressing theoretical aspects of study by taking the work out of the lecture room and exploring the same concepts through practical activity; a process of ‘regenring’ academic research and writing. Intrinsically linked to this approach is the perceived need to engage all students in a reflective process of design in which theoretical, social, cultural and historical aspects are embedded in studio practice. This article reports on a curatorial project undertaken this year as part of the collaboration, which is effectively enthusing the students and giving them a new understanding of the relevance of theoretical and contextual knowledge in the designer’s skill set. The extent of their engagement in the project is expressed in their chosen title, The Us in Museum, which implies their total immersion in and identification with the task. Three different perspectives are used to present this project: the tutor, the curator and the student.
Slaying the beast: Writing, learning and experiencing in a post-dissertation world
Authors: Hoon Will 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
This article looks at the motivation behind the removal of the final-year dissertation from the fashion, textiles and footwear undergraduate programmes at the University of Northampton. The removal process was not straightforward and occurred over a number of years and through a process of ‘mini actions’ that in large part were driven by student response to changes implemented by the programme team. The title ‘Slaying the beast: Writing, learning and experiencing in a post-dissertation world’ is intended to suggest both the iconic status the final-year dissertation within undergraduate study has and methods of engagement that can be used to replace this set-piece academic exercise. The discussion is organized under five sections with offer reflections on the process and issues involved in this transition, each with a title that is designed to capture the experience: Identifying the beast; Taking aim; The misery of choice; To B or not to B; Taking down the beast; Burying the beast; and finally Looking back on the quest.
An open letter to colleagues working to improve student success in higher education
Authors: Clughen Lisa 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Choosing to write a letter rather than a conventional article has enabled me to use a more personal voice when talking about the frustrations and joys of my twenty years of working in literacy ­development. It has allowed me to feel freer to play with language so that I could express an overtly embodied form of reasoning which, to paraphrase Peter Elbow, felt right in my mouth and sounded right in my ear.
A RELAÇÃO ENTRE A PERCEPÇÃO DOS IMPACTOS DO TURISMO E OS FATORES PESSOAIS: Uma análise do Destino Trujillo, Peru
Authors: Kraus Camila Belli , Fiuza Thamires Foletto , Silveira Kathleen Karoline Brandt , Zucco Fabrícia Durieux 
Published: July 2018

A compreensão da perspectiva dos residentes de um destino turístico é fundamental para facilitar o desenvolvimento da comunidade para maior apoio em benefício ao turismo. A cidade de Trujillo, escolhida como objeto de estudo está localizada na costa norte do Peru, no distrito de La Libertad, cujos atrativos turísticos são principalmente culturais e arqueológicos. Assim, o objetivo deste estudo é analisar a influência dos fatores pessoais na percepção dos impactos promovidos pelo turismo na cidade de Trujillo (Peru). A metodologia aplicada é de caráter exploratório, de abordagem quantitativa. Os resultados demonstraram a existência de diferença estatisticamente significativa em quatro das cinco dimensões de análise e em diversos fatores pessoais dos residentes, confirmando a teoria e demonstrando a influência de tais fatores no processo de percepção dos impactos do turismo em destinos.
Development of research continuous usage intention of e-commerce. A systematic review of literature from 2009 to 2015
Authors: Ali Harasis Ahmad , Imran Qureshi Muhamamd , Rasli Amran 
Published: July 2018

This paper systematically reviews the literature on the continuous usage intentions from 2009 to 2015. From the review of literature on continuance usage intentions, some models have been put forward to explain the continuity of the e-Commerce. However, each model is extensively different from one another. Over the years, a considerable development in the literature of Continuous intentions. However, there is still a necessity to present a more comprehensive and integrative model for the continuance usage intention of e-commerce users than the models in existence at the moment. The Expectation Confirmation Model (ECM) has been widely accepted in general. In addition, many researchers stated that ECM model can be employed to look into e-commerce better than other existing models and theories.
Legal Education in Malaysia in the Context of Legal Practice
Authors: Mohamad Ali Norfadhilah , Hazmi Mohd Rusli Mohd , Abdul Shukor Syahirah , Nasir Abdul Majid Mohd , Abd Rahman Shah Hendun , Zaki Salleh Ahmad , Abdul Mutalib Lukman , . Al’Uyuna , Amin Mohd , Md Nor Marsita 
Published: July 2018

Upon attaining independence in 1957, most judges and lawyers in Malaysia received legal education and legal training in the United Kingdom. University of Malaya was the only premier law school in Malaysia during that time. Gradually, the number of law schools increased and now legal education is available in a number of both private and public universities in Malaysia. The landscape of legal education differ post 2008 when new law schools from public universities were made subject to a review conducted by the Legal Profession Qualifying Board (LPQB) – failure to obtain full recognition will result in students from the universities concerned, having to sit for Certificate in Legal Practice (CLP) examination. In the light of this development, legal education in Malaysia has become under strict scrutiny by the legal fraternity, and thus it is a question of what reasonable expectation should the country set on the legal education provided by universities. This article will address legal education from the point of view of universities, the relevance of the CLP examination and the level of skills and knowledge required to produce ‘practice-ready’ graduates. The discussion also considers the availability of the 9-months pupillage before admission to the Malaysian Bar and other criteria for education as provided for by the Malaysian Qualifications Agency (MQA). The whole paper will be based on the Legal Profession Act 1976, the MQA guidelines, the developments of legal education in Malaysia and the experience of laws schools under review by the LPQB and other stakeholders.
Web-Based Expert System for Optimizing of Traffic Road in Developing Countries
Authors: B. Z. Alshetwi Abduraouf. , Atiq Abdullah O.K. Rahmat Riza , Nazri Borhan Muhamad , Ismael Albrka Ali Shaban , Imhimmed Mohamed Irtema Hamza , Y. Y. Alfakhria Aboubaker 
Published: July 2018

In current times, the increase of road users using road traffic include street carriers, vehicles, pedestrians, buses and other forms of transportation, both individually or in combination, utilizing the universal means to travel. Vehicle regulation and laws governing traffic are traffic laws, whereas road rules are natural regulation and standards that might be advanced in time in facilitating the traffic flow to be methodical and well-timed in emerging countries. Experts of the traffic road system [TRSys] suggests a procedure for road traffic experts and offers supervision and ice advertising on selecting effective and suitable policies. The road traffic development in dealing with traffic-associated complications needs various wide-ranging knowledge and information achievable from road traffic sources for example written sources [books, manuals, technical reports and standards] and traffic expert opinions. A computer tool is utilized in developing the expert system is Web-based expert system Microsoft [PHP]. It is a dominant application containing all the essential services to construct a Windows or Web-based applications for instance expert systems quick and proficient tools. TRSys is an online consultant system in traffic safety to implement a road network in developing countries that can help engineers, consultants, contractors, civil engineering students, and decision makers. The usefulness of the expert system [TRSys] to give recommendations which are appropriate to Road Network for Developing Countries. Traffic Road System [TRSys] is an innovative system advanced in this research to aid junior engineers. It also helps decision-makers and students in identifying traffic complications in developing countries and consequently recommend the application of suitable solutions.