bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Casting off the Shackles: Re-narrativizing Discrepant Terrains of Memories with Lived Experiences in A. B. Yehoshua’s Facing the Forests
Authors: Anam  
Published: September 2018

The ever-increasing human migration with fast-eroding bonds often leads to development of social clusters which tend to produce stereotypes about other groups of people. One among the many factors responsible for such ghettoization is not ignorance but a version of knowledge that does not take us beyond ourselves. Speaking about the role of writer as “the conscience of the nation,” S. Yizhar, an Israeli writer and politician, says that a writer is a mutation. Literature is one such powerful tool to transcend cultural boundaries which takes us beyond ourselves and reaches to the other side. Holding the case of Israeli–Palestinian contestation as one such manifestation of cultural ghettoization, the article argues for the need to render open the mental borders to move beyond prejudices. Taking A. B. Yehoshua’s Facing the Forests as a point of departure, it highlights the potential of dialog as a powerful antidote to social violence between the two communities of Arabs and Israelis and lays bare its importance in the direction of peaceful coexistence. The article is divided into three sections; the first section introduces the cultural location of Yehoshua and his narrative set in the Israeli landscape of the 1960s. The second section explores the use of symbolism in the narrative to cull out the dormant meanings and analyzes the multiple layers of the text. The third and last section projects the idea of re-narrativization as an important tool of re-inscribing history with alternative versions. It draws strength from those Arab–Jewish encounters that are not necessarily troubling. The conclusion sums up the essential findings of the study, elucidating the role of literature and intellectuals in difficult times.
Ketamine, but Not the NMDAR Antagonist Lanicemine, Increases Prefrontal Global Connectivity in Depressed Patients
Authors: Abdallah Chadi G. , Dutta Arpan , Averill Christopher L. , McKie Shane , Akiki Teddy J. , Averill Lynnette A. , William Deakin J. F. 
Published: September 2018

Background Identifying the neural correlates of ketamine treatment may facilitate and expedite the development of novel, robust, and safe rapid-acting antidepressants. Prefrontal cortex (PFC) global brain connectivity with global signal regression (GBCr) was recently identified as a putative biomarker of major depressive disorder. Accumulating evidence have repeatedly shown reduced PFC GBCr in major depressive disorder, an abnormality that appears to normalize following ketamine treatment. Methods Fifty-six unmedicated participants with major depressive disorder were randomized to intravenous placebo (normal saline; n = 18), ketamine (0.5 mg/kg; n = 19), or lanicemine (100 mg; n = 19). PFC GBCr was computed using time series from functional magnetic resonance imaging scans that were completed at baseline, during infusion, and at 24-h posttreatment. Results Compared to placebo, ketamine significantly increased average PFC GBCr during infusion ( p = 0.01) and at 24-h posttreatment ( p = 0.02). Lanicemine had no significant effects on GBCr during infusion ( p = 0.45) and at 24-h posttreatment ( p = 0.23) compared to placebo. Average delta PFC GBCr (during minus baseline) showed a pattern of positively predicting depression improvement in participants receiving ketamine ( r = 0.44; p = 0.06; d = 1.0) or lanicemine ( r = 0.55; p = 0.01; d = 1.3) but not those receiving placebo ( r = −0.1; p = 0.69; d = 0.02). Follow-up vertex-wise analyses showed ketamine-induced GBCr increases in the dorsolateral, dorsomedial, and frontomedial PFC during infusion and in the dorsolateral and dorsomedial PFC at 24-h posttreatment ( corrected p < 0.05). Exploratory vertex-wise analyses examining the relationship with depression improvement showed positive correlation with GBCr in the dorsal PFC during infusion and at 24-h posttreatment but negative correlation with GBCr in the ventral PFC during infusion ( uncorrected p < 0.01). Conclusions In a randomized placebo-controlled approach, the results provide the first evidence in major depressive disorder of ketamine-induced increases in PFC GBCr during infusion and suggest that ketamine’s rapid-acting antidepressant properties are related to its acute effects on prefrontal connectivity. Overall, the study findings underscore the similarity and differences between ketamine and another N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist while proposing a pharmacoimaging paradigm for the optimization of novel rapid-acting antidepressants prior to testing in costly clinical trials.
Risk-adapted survival benefit of IMRT in early-stage NKTCL: a multicenter study from the China Lymphoma Collaborative Group
Authors: Wu Tao , Yang Yong , Zhu Su-Yu , Shi Mei , Su Hang , Wang Ying , He Xia , Xu Li-Ming , Yuan Zhi-Yong , Zhang Li-Ling , Wu Gang , Qu Bao-Lin , Qian Li-Ting , Hou Xiao-Rong , Zhang Fu-Quan , Zhang Yu-Jing , Zhu Yuan , Cao Jian-Zhong , Lan Sheng-Min , Wu Jun-Xin , Hu Chen , Qi Shu-Nan , Chen Bo , Li Ye-Xiong 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
This study evaluated the survival benefit of intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) compared with 3-dimension conformal radiation therapy (3D-CRT) in a large national cohort of patients with early-stage extranodal nasal-type natural killer/T-cell lymphoma (NKTCL). This retrospective study reviewed patients with early-stage NKTCL treated with high-dose radiation therapy (RT; ≥45 Gy) at 16 Chinese institutions. Patients were stratified into 1 of 4 risk groups based on the number of risk factors: low risk (no factors), intermediate-low risk (1 factor), intermediate-high risk (2 factors), and high-risk (3-5 factors). Of the 1691 patients, 981 (58%) received IMRT, and 710 (42%) received 3D-CRT. Unadjusted 5-year overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were 75.9% and 67.6%, respectively, for IMRT compared with 68.9% (P = .004) and 58.2% (P &lt; .001), respectively, for 3D-CRT. After propensity score match and multivariable analyses to account for confounding factors, IMRT remained significantly associated with improved OS and PFS. The OS and PFS benefits of IMRT persisted in patients treated with modern chemotherapy regimens. Compared with 3D-CRT, IMRT significantly improved OS and PFS for high-risk and intermediate-high–risk patients but provided limited benefits for low-risk or intermediate-low–risk patients. A risk-adapted survival benefit profile of IMRT can be used to select patients and make treatment decisions.
Imetelstat, a telomerase inhibitor, is capable of depleting myelofibrosis stem and progenitor cells
Authors: Wang Xiaoli , Hu Cing Siang , Petersen Bruce , Qiu Jiajing , Ye Fei , Houldsworth Jane , Eng Kevin , Huang Fei , Hoffman Ronald 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Clinical trials of imetelstat therapy have indicated that this telomerase inhibitor might have disease-modifying effects in a subset of patients with myelofibrosis (MF). The mechanism by which imetelstat induces such clinical responses has not been clearly elucidated. Using in vitro hematopoietic progenitor cell (HPC) assays and in vivo hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) assays, we examined the effects of imetelstat on primary normal and MF HSCs/HPCs. Treatment of CD34+ cells with imetelstat reduced the numbers of MF but not cord blood HPCs (colony-forming unit–granulocyte/macrophage, burst-forming unit–erythroid, and colony-forming unit–granulocyte/erythroid/macrophage/megakaryocyte) as well as MF but not normal CD34+ALDH+ cells irrespective of the patient’s mutational status. Moreover, imetelstat treatment resulted in depletion of mutated HPCs from JAK2V617F+ MF patients. Furthermore, treatment of immunodeficient mice that had been previously transplanted with MF splenic CD34+ cells with imetelstat at a dose of 15 mg/kg, 3 times per week for 4 weeks had a limited effect on the degree of chimerism achieved by normal severe combined immunodeficiency repopulating cells but resulted in a significant reduction in the degree of human MF cell chimerism as well as the proportion of mutated donor cells. These effects were sustained for at least 3 months after drug treatment was discontinued. These actions of imetelstat on MF HSCs/HPCs were associated with inhibition of telomerase activity and the induction of apoptosis. Our findings indicate that the effects of imetelstat therapy observed in MF patients are likely attributable to the greater sensitivity of imetelstat against MF as compared with normal HSCs/HPCs as well as the intensity of the imetelstat dose schedule.
Disrupting Hedgehog Cardin–Weintraub sequence and positioning changes cellular differentiation and compartmentalization in vivo
Authors: Kastl Philipp , Manikowski Dominique , Steffes Georg , Schürmann Sabine , Bandari Shyam , Klämbt Christian , Grobe Kay 
Published: September 2018

ABSTRACT
Metazoan Hedgehog (Hh) morphogens are essential regulators of growth and patterning at significant distances from their source, despite being produced as N-terminally palmitoylated and C-terminally cholesteroylated proteins, which firmly tethers them to the outer plasma membrane leaflet of producing cells and limits their spread. One mechanism to overcome this limitation is proteolytic processing of both lipidated terminal peptides, called shedding, but molecular target site requirements for effective Hh shedding remained undefined. In this work, by using Drosophila melanogaster as a model, we show that mutagenesis of the N-terminal Cardin–Weintraub (CW) motif inactivates recombinant Hh proteins to variable degrees and, if overexpressed in the same compartment, converts them into suppressors of endogenous Hh function. In vivo, additional removal of N-palmitate membrane anchors largely restored endogenous Hh function, supporting the hypothesis that proteolytic CW processing controls Hh solubilization. Importantly, we also observed that CW repositioning impairs anterior/posterior compartmental boundary maintenance in the third instar wing disc. This demonstrates that Hh shedding not only controls the differentiation of anterior cells, but also maintains the sharp physical segregation between these receiving cells and posterior Hh-producing cells.
Improving image quality with model-based iterative reconstruction at quarter of nominal dose in upper abdominal CT
Authors: Zhang Xirong , Chen Jing , Yu Nan , Ren Zhanli , Tian Qian , Tian Xin , He Taiping , Guo Changyi 
Published: September 2018

Objective:
To evaluate the ability of a model-based iterative reconstruction (MBIR) for improving image quality in upper abdominal CT with quarter of the normal dose, in comparison with adaptive statistical iterative reconstruction (ASiR) at normal dose.

Methods:
40 upper abdominal patients were randomly divided into two groups: normal-dose group (n = 20) with tube current modulation for noise index (NI) of 10 HU and 40% ASiR reconstruction; low-dose group (n = 20) with NI = 20  HU in the delay phase and MBIR and 40%ASiR. Images in the delay phase were compared. The CT values and standard deviation (SD) values of the liver, spleen, pancreas, kidney, erector spine and fat were measured. Contrast-noise-ratio (CNR = (CTtissue-CT fat)/SDfat) of each measured organ were calculated and compared with one-way ANOVA among the three reconstruction groups. The subjective image scores of the three groups were assessed blindly by two experienced physicians using a 5-point system and the score consistency was compared by the κ test.

Results:
Dose reduction of 75 % was achieved for the low-dose scan. The subjective scores (95 % confidence intervals) of the three groups (NI 10–40 %  ASiR, NI 20–40%  ASiR and NI 20-MBIR) were 4.00 ± 0.79 (3.62–4.37), 3.35 ± 0.58 (3.07–3.62) and 3.90 ± 0.64 (3.60–4.19), respectively with no difference between the NI 10–40%  ASiR and NI20-MBIR groups and good consistency between reviewers (κ = 0.726). MBIR had statistically lower SD values and higher contrast-to-noise ratio values in the liver, spleen, pancreas, kidney and erector spine than NI 10–40%  ASiR and NI 20–40%  ASiR (all p &lt; 0.05).

Conclusion:
At 75 % dose reduction, MBIR provides similar image quality compared to 40% ASiR at normal-dose.

Advances in knowledge:
MBIR provides good image quality at 25 % of the normal dose.
Efficacy of an 8-week course of sofosbuvir and ledipasvir for the treatment of HCV infection in selected HIV-infected patients
Authors: Ogbuagu Onyema , Hao Ritche , Virata Michael , Villanueva Merceditas S. , Malinis Maricar 
Published: September 2018

Background: With the availability of direct acting antiviral treatment for hepatitis C (HCV), HIV and HCV co-infected patients show comparable treatment responses to HCV-monoinfected patients. An 8-week course of sofosbuvir/ledipasvir (SOF/LDV) is highly effective for the treatment of HCV genotype 1 infection in treatment-naïve mono-infected patients with HCV viral loads <6 million IU/ml. There is limited data on the efficacy of this 8-week HCV treatment regimen in HIV-infected individuals with similar viral loads. Methods: The study was a retrospective review of HIV-infected adults coinfected with HCV genotype 1 for whom an 8-week course of SOF/LDV was prescribed by providers at two clinics in the Yale-New Haven Health system from November 1, 2014 until April 30, 2016. Treatment efficacy was assessed as the proportion of treatment initiators who achieved a sustained virologic response 12 weeks after completion of therapy (SVR 12). Results: Nineteen patients met study eligibility criteria and included 14 men (74%); and 12 African-Americans (63%). All patients were on antiretroviral therapy with fully suppressed HIV viral loads and were HCV treatment-naïve. All patients had pre-treatment HCV viral loads <6 million IU/mL. Eighteen patients (95%) completed HCV treatment. Overall, SVR 12 was 95%, with 1 treament failure occurring due to suboptimal adherence. Conclusion: Among our HIV-infected patient cohort with HCV genotype 1 infection, 95% of those treated with an 8 week course of SOF/LDV achieved SVR 12. This is comparable to the efficacy of the same treatment regimen in patients without HIV infection. This study lends proof of concept to the use of shorter course SOF/LDV treatment for HIV-HCV genotype 1 coinfected patients with viral loads <6 million IU/ml. Larger studies are indicated to validate our findings.
A community-based parent-support programme to prevent child maltreatment: Protocol for a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Furlong Mairead , Stokes Ann , McGilloway Sinead , Hickey Grainne , Leckey Yvonne , Bywater Tracey , O’Neill Ciaran , Cardwell Chris , Taylor Brian , Donnelly Michael ,   ENRICH Research Team
Published: September 2018

The prevention of child abuse and neglect is a global public health priority due to its serious, long-lasting effects on personal, social, and economic outcomes. The Children At Risk Model (ChARM) is a wraparound-inspired intervention that coordinates evidence-based parenting- and home-visiting programmes, along with community-based supports, in order to address the multiple and complex needs of families at risk of child abuse or neglect. This paper presents the protocol for a study that will be carried out to evaluate this new service model (i.e. no results available as yet). The study comprises a multi-centre, randomised controlled trial, with embedded economic and process evaluations. The study will be conducted in two child-welfare agencies within socially disadvantaged settings in Ireland. Families with children aged 3-11 years who are at risk of maltreatment (n = 50) will be randomised to either the 20-week ChARM programme (n = 25) or to standard care (n = 25) using a 1:1 allocation ratio. The primary outcomes are incidences of child maltreatment and child behaviour and wellbeing. Secondary outcomes include quality of parent-child relationships, parental stress, mental health, substance use, recorded incidences of substantiated abuse, and out-of-home placements. Assessments will take place at pre-intervention, and at 6- and 12-month follow-up periods. The study is the first evaluation of a wraparound-inspired intervention, incorporating evidence-based programmes, designed to prevent child abuse and neglect within high risk families where children are still living in the home. The findings will offer a unique contribution to the development, implementation and evaluation of effective interventions in the prevention of child abuse and neglect. The trial is registered with the International Standard Randomised Controlled Trial Number Register (DOI 10.1186/ISRCTN13644600, Date of registration: 3rd June 2015).
МЕТОДОЛОГИЯ ИДЕОЛОГО-ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНОЙ ЛОГИСТИКИ В ОЦЕНКЕ ПОЛИТИКИ МЯГКОЙ СИЛЫ В ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНОЙ СИСТЕМЕ ТУРЕЦКОЙ РЕСПУБЛИКИ
Authors: Zhitnov Evgeny Aleksandrovich 
Published: September 2018

В статье представлена краткая информация об основных элементах образовательной политики Турецкой Республики, также статья рассматривает исторические пути развития системы образования со времен Османской Империи до настоящего времени. Данная работа позволяет рассмотреть влияние, оказываемое Турецкой Республикой на другие государства через политику мягкой силы. По системе расчета индекса образовательного потенциала, основанного на квалиметрической модели идеолого-образовательной логистики, предлагается качественно рассмотреть основные тенденции национальных систем образования как фундамента, позволяющего оказывать влияния на отдельные регионы мира, используя свой накопленный потенциал. Отмечается внешне-образовательная функция Турецкой Республики, выраженная в системе развития качественного и конкурентоспособного образования, позволяющего развивать внешнеполитический курс, выбранный руководством государства.Целью исследования является анализ основных факторов, влияющих на образовательную политику Турецкой Республики, выраженной в структурных оценках политики мягкой силы.Задачи исследования:– определить и исследовать основные закономерности, позволяющие выявить условия расширения системы национального образования Турецкой Республики на другие регионы мира;– исследовать исторический путь развития системы национального образования от Османской Империи до современной Турецкой Республики;– качественно характеризовать степень конкурентоспособности образовательной системы Турецкой Республики;– конкретизировать ценностные ориентиры национальных образовательных систем, влияющих на формирование политики мягкой силы.– разработать методологические основы концепции по оценке государственно-образовательной политики, основанной на количественно-качественной модели идеолого-образовательной логистики, по оценке индекса развития образования.Объект исследования – система государственно-образовательной политики Турецкой Республики.Предмет исследования – факторы, структуры, системы, модели и основные направления трансформации образовательной политики, выражаемые в политике мягкой силы и распространением ее на другие регионы мира, реализуемые Турецкой Республикой.Результаты. Результаты работы заключаются в том, что автор сделал попытку создать интегральную модель оценки уровня развития государства, основанной на широком диапазоне различных информативных данных, включающих различные показатели.Область применения результатов. Результаты исследования могут быть использованы в педагогической, экономической, политической деятельностях, где требуется оценить уровень развития государства как в отдельном, так и интегральных аспектах.
The Value Chain Analysis to Support Industrial Cluster Development of Oil Palm-Cattle Integration in Pelalawan Regency
Authors: Kristiana Kristiana , Kusharsanto Zulfika Satria , Hutapea Ramos 
Published: September 2018

<p>As a region with the largest oil palm plantations in Indonesia, Pelalawan Regency is highly potential to develop a program of oil palm-cattle integration. Pelalawan has implemented the program legitimated by Regent Decree Number KPTS./524/Disnak/2012/472 regarding Zoning Regulation on the development of Oil Palm-Cattle Integration. The program of oil palm-cattle integration itself has been the basis for the Decree of the Minister of Agriculture Number 105 Year 2014 regarding the Integration of Oil Palm Plantation and Beef Cattle Farming. Moreover, the integration system of oil palm-cattle gives a lot of benefit to farmers, for example the utilization of manure as organic fertilizers could reduce farmer’s expenses for chemical fertilizers and the cattle can be an asset for them. Products made from the integrated program are solid manure, liquid organic fertilizer, fodder, biogas, and beef. To improve the competitiveness of those activities, we can analyze the value chain which includes product design, inbound logistics, operations, outbound logistics, marketing, sales, services and supporting activities. By using a value chain analysis, this study aims to provide recommendations for strengthening programs which could be implemented to improve the value-added of the products.</p><p> </p><p>Keywords: oil palm-cattle integration, value chain, value-added, industrial cluster</p>
METHOD OF THE RAPID ANALYSIS OF 20-HYDROXYECDYSONE CONTENT IN PLANTS AND FERNS USING SOLID-PHASE EXTRACTION ON POLYAMIDE AND MICROCOLUMN HPLC-UV
Authors: Оленников (Olennikov) Даниил (Daniil) Николаевич (Nikolaevich) , Кащенко (Kashchenko) Нина (Nina) Игоревна (Igorevna) 
Published: September 2018

A method for the rapid quantitative analysis of 20-hydroxyecdysone in plants was developed using the microcolumn reversed-phase HPLC with UV detection (246 nm) on the ProntoSIL-120-5-C18 column (2×75 mm) and the gradient eluent system LiClO4/HClO4-acetonitrile. The chromatographic stage of the analysis was 5 minutes long, which made it possible to characterize the technique as the fastest. For preliminary purification of the plant extracts, solid phase extraction on polyamide was used which led to an increase in the sensitivity of the analysis. Validation studies showed that the technique characterized by satisfactory metrological data. The values of the limit of detection (LOD) and the limit of quantification (LOQ) of 20-hydroxyecdysone were 3.3 and 10 μg/ml, respectively. The accuracy indices for various levels of 20-hydroxyecdysone content (80–120%) did not exceed 98.57–101.38%. The method applied to the analysis of 20-hydroxyecdysone in 359 species of flowering plants and 12 ferns species growing on the territory of the Buryatia Republic. The presence of 20-hydroxyecdysone was established in 22 species including 18 flowering plants and 4 ferns. The concentration levels of 20-hydroxyecdysone in plants varied from trace (Athyrium filix-femina, Diplazium sibiricum, Pteridium aquilinum) to very high (25.40 mg/g in Rhaponticum uniflorum and 25.87 mg/g in Silene jeniseensis). The presence of 20-hydroxyecdysone was firstly detected in three species including Gastrolychnis gracilis, G. saxatilis and Silene violascens. The developed technique is fast, simple, sensitive and stable and can be recommended for searching purpose to evaluate the new plant sources of 20-hydroxyecdysone.