bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Plant-Based Diets in Hispanic/Latino Adult Adventists in the United States and Their Association With Body Mass Index
Authors: Jaceldo-Siegl Karen , Estevez Dennys , Fraser Gary E , Hayes-Bautista David E , Flores Hector , Jordan Michael , Singh Pramil N. 
Published: February 2019

Purpose: To characterize plant-based dietary practices and examine their relationship with body mass index (BMI) in Hispanic/Latino Seventh-day Adventists (SDA). Design: Cross-sectional analyses of data among Hispanics/Latinos in the Adventist Health Study-2 (AHS-2). Setting: The AHS-2 is a cohort of SDA adults (n = 96 592) in North America. Participants: A total of 3475 Hispanics/Latinos who provided demographic, dietary, anthropometric, and lifestyle data at enrollment. Measures: Plant-based dietary practices were determined from food frequency questionnaire; BMI, demographic, and lifestyle data were assessed by questionnaire. Analysis: In linear regression analysis, plant-based diets were modeled as dummy variables with nonvegetarian as the referent group and log(BMI) as the outcome adjusted for age, sex, education, exercise, nativity, alcohol use, smoking, and energy intake. Results: We identified 202 vegans, 664 vegetarians, 409 pesco-vegetarians, 227 semi-vegetarians, and 1973 nonvegetarians. Compared to the nonvegetarian referent (BMI = 27.50), estimated BMI were lower among vegans (23.58, P < .0001), vegetarians (25.24, P < .0001), pesco-vegetarians (26.36, P = .0002), and semi-vegetarians (26.69, P = .130). Other factors associated with lower BMI were being female ( P = .001), nativity (Mexico, P = .002; South America, P < .0001; Caribbean, P = .004), having a college degree or higher ( P = .01), exercise ( P < .0001), and never smoked ( P = .0006). Conclusion: Hispanic/Latino SDAs who consumed plant-based diets had lower BMI than nonvegetarians. The application of a plant-based diet as practiced by the Hispanic/Latino Adventists in this population may have public health impact on US Hispanic/Latinos.
Critical Growth Processes for the Midfacial Morphogenesis in the Early Prenatal Period
Authors: Katsube Motoki , Yamada Shigehito , Yamaguchi Yutaka , Takakuwa Tetsuya , Yamamoto Akira , Imai Hirohiko , Saito Atsushi , Shimizu Akinobu , Suzuki Shigehiko 
Published: February 2019

Background: Congenital midfacial hypoplasia often requires intensive treatments and is a typical condition for the Binder phenotype and syndromic craniosynostosis. The growth trait of the midfacial skeleton during the early fetal period has been assumed to be critical for such an anomaly. However, previous embryological studies using 2-dimensional analyses and specimens during the late fetal period have not been sufficient to reveal it. Objective: To understand the morphogenesis of the midfacial skeleton in the early fetal period via 3-dimensional quantification of the growth trait and investigation of the developmental association between the growth centers and midface. Methods: Magnetic resonance images were obtained from 60 human fetuses during the early fetal period. Three-dimensional shape changes in the craniofacial skeleton along growth were quantified and visualized using geometric morphometrics. Subsequently, the degree of development was computed. Furthermore, the developmental association between the growth centers and the midfacial skeleton was statistically investigated and visualized. Results: The zygoma expanded drastically in the anterolateral dimension, and the lateral part of the maxilla developed forward until approximately 13 weeks of gestation. The growth centers such as the nasal septum and anterior portion of the sphenoid were highly associated with the forward growth of the midfacial skeleton (RV = 0.589; P < .001). Conclusions: The development of the midface, especially of the zygoma, before 13 weeks of gestation played an essential role in the midfacial development. Moreover, the growth centers had a strong association with midfacial forward growth before birth.
Effect of Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) Infection on Lipid Profile in Ghanaian Patients
Authors: Quaye Osbourne , Amuzu Benjamin Godfried , Adadey Samuel Mawuli , Tagoe Emmanuel Ayitey 
Published: February 2019

Background: Worldwide, approximately 257 million people have chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, with the highest infection rates recorded in Africa and Asia. Although HBV infection has been associated with dyslipidemia, which may lead to death via liver related complications, the effect of the virus on the lipid profile of patients remain unclear. This study was designed to evaluate the effect of chronic hepatitis B virus infection on lipid profile of sero-positive individuals from Ghana. Methods: Blood samples were collected from chronic HBV infected patients who were recruited from the Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital, Accra, and HBV sero-negative healthy volunteers who were used as controls. Demographic and clinical data were obtained using a structured questionnaire. Blood pressure and body mass index were determined, and HBV profile markers and lipid profiles of the patients were determined using a commercially available kit and a chemistry analyzer, respectively. Results: Triglycerides, low density lipoproteins (LDL), high density lipoproteins (HDL), very low density lipoproteins (VLDL), and total cholesterol were used as indices of lipid metabolism disorder. Body mass index and diastolic blood pressures were significantly elevated in patients compared to healthy volunteers. Conclusion: The observed high total cholesterol and LDL, with a significantly lower HDL levels compared to healthy controls suggest an increased cardiovascular disease risk index in the patients. There is therefore the need to regularly monitor HBV infected patients for signs of cardiovascular diseases.
Comorbidities in Primary vs Secondary School Children With Obesity and Responsiveness to Lifestyle Intervention
Authors: Karnebeek Kylie , Thapar Supriya , Willeboordse Maartje , van Schayck Onno C P , Vreugdenhil Anita C E 
Published: February 2019

AbstractContextChildhood obesity increases the risk of diseases as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.ObjectiveTo evaluate the prevalence of comorbidities in school-age children with obesity and to compare its prevalence and the effect of a lifestyle intervention between children in primary and secondary school and between boys and girls.DesignCross-sectional analysis and lifestyle intervention.SettingCentre for Overweight Adolescent and Children’s Healthcare.PatientsComorbidities were evaluated in 149 primary and 150 secondary school children with (morbid) obesity (162 girls). The effect of lifestyle intervention was studied in 82 primary and 75 secondary school children.InterventionOne-year interdisciplinary lifestyle intervention.ResultsInsulin resistance (37%), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) (3%), dyslipidemia (48%), hypertension (7%), and elevated liver transaminase levels (54%) were already common in primary school children. Glomerular hyperfiltration and insulin resistance were more prevalent in secondary school children. IGT was more prevalent in girls. The change in body mass index z score after intervention was greater in primary school children (primary vs secondary: −0.25 ± 0.32 vs −0.11 ± 0.47), even as the change in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations [primary vs secondary: −0.30 (interquartile range, −0.70 to 0.10) vs −0.10 (interquartile range, −0.40 to 0.30)] and systolic blood pressure z score (primary vs secondary: −0.32 ± 1.27 vs 0.24 ± 1.3). The change in body mass index z score, but not in comorbidities, was greater in boys (boys vs girls: −0.33 ± 0.45 vs −0.05 ± 0.31).ConclusionsThe presence of comorbidities is already evident in primary school children with obesity. The effect of a lifestyle intervention on these comorbidities is greater in primary compared with secondary school children, stressing the need for early interventions.
Gcn5 histone acetyltransferase is present in the mitoplasts
Authors: Montanari Arianna , Leo Manuela , De Luca Veronica , Filetici Patrizia , Francisci Silvia 
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACTIn Saccharomyces cerevisiae the Lysine-acetyltransferase Gcn5 (KAT2) is part of the SAGA complex and is responsible for histone acetylation widely or at specific lysines. In this paper we report that GCN5 deletion differently affects the growth of two strains. The defective mitochondrial phenotype is related to a marked decrease in mtDNA content, which also involves the deletion of specific regions of the molecule. We also show that in wild-type mitochondria the Gcn5 protein is present in the mitoplasts, suggesting a new mitochondrial function independent from the SAGA complex and possibly a new function for this protein connecting epigenetics and metabolism.
Agreement between ELISA and plaque reduction neutralisation assay in Detection of respiratory syncytial virus specific antibodies in a birth Cohort from Kilifi, coastal Kenya.
Authors: Nyiro Joyce U. , Kiyuka Patience K. , Mutunga Martin N. , Sande Charles J. , Munywoki Patrick K. , Scott J. Anthony G. , Nokes D. James 
Published: February 2019

Background: Severe disease associated with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection occurs predominantly among infants under 6 months of age. Vaccines for prevention are in clinical development. Assessment of the vaccine effectiveness in large epidemiological studies requires serological assays which are rapid, economical and standardised between laboratories. The objective of this study was to assess the agreement between two enzyme linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) and the plaque reduction neutralisation test (PRNT) in quantifying RSV specific antibodies. Methods: Archived sera from 99 participants of the Kilifi Birth Cohort (KBC) study (conducted 2002-2007) were screened for RSV antibodies using 3 methods: ELISA using crude RSV lysate as antigen, a commercial RSV immunoglobulin G (IgG) ELISA kit from IBL International GmbH, and PRNT. Pearson correlation, Bland-Altman plots and regression methods were used in analysis. Results: There was high positive correlation between the IBL RSV IgG ELISA and PRNT antibodies (Pearson r=0.75), and moderate positive correlation between the crude RSV lysate IgG ELISA and PRNT antibodies (r= 0.61). Crude RSV lysate IgG ELISA showed a wider 95% limit of agreement (-1.866, 6.157) with PRNT compared to the IBL RSV IgG ELISA (1.392, 7.595). Mean PRNT titres were estimated within a width of 4.8 log2PRNT and 5.6 log2PRNT at 95% prediction interval by IBL RSV IgG and crude RSV lysate IgG ELISA, respectively. Conclusion: Although, the IBL RSV IgG ELISA is observed to provide a reasonable correlate for PRNT assay in detecting RSV specific antibodies, it does not provide an accurate prediction for neutralizing antibody levels. An RSV neutralising antibody level is likely to fall within 2.4 fold higher and 2.4 fold lower than the true value if IBL RSV IgG ELISA is used to replace PRNT assay. The utility of an ELISA assay in vaccine studies should be assessed independent of the PRNT method.
O periódico Teias como espaço de produção no campo da educação, currículo e formação docente
Authors: Schuchter Terezinha Maria , Paoliello Juliana , Moreira Nilcea Elias Rodrigues 
Published: February 2019

Analisa práticas discursivas do periódico Teias, organizado em forma de dossiê pela Associação Brasileira de Currículo, entre 2013 e 2016. Identifica as temáticas dos artigos, autores e filiação institucional, conceitos, abordagem teórico-epistemológica, metodológica e autores referenciados. Utiliza, como metodologia, a análise da discursividade a partir do mapeamento cartográfico-discursivo. Aponta o eixo de produção na Região Sudeste e a predominância de trabalhos fundamentados nas Teorias Crítica e Pós-Crítica, discutindo as relações entre a abordagem metodológica e a epistemológica. Destaca Freire e Foucault como os autores mais referenciados. Ressalta a necessidade da emergência de outros possíveis eixos temáticos, para que as diferenças que caracterizam as práticas discursivas no campo curricular sejam contempladas.
EDUCAÇÃO ESCOLAR E INTERCULTURALIDADE: A INSERÇÃO DO ALUNO INDÍGENA NO CONTEXTO URBANO EM BOA VISTA – RR
Authors: Silva Claudina Miranda , Cunha Portela Selma Maria , De Matos Maristela Bortolon 
Published: February 2019

RESUMO O trabalho em questão é resultado de um estudo de caso realizado em uma Escola Municipal situada na capital de Boa Vista, fruto do projeto de pesquisa intitulado: “A educação escolar para ao aluno indígena no contexto urbano em Boa Vista – Roraima”. A inserção do aluno indígena dentro do processo de escolarização urbano consiste em um verdadeiro desafio, pois abre uma discussão envolvendo as políticas públicas que regulamentam a educação numa perspectiva ótica da inclusão, a valorização da cultura indígena nos diversos contextos de interação social, o papel da escola enquanto instituição seja na recepção, no atendimento, sobretudo na oferta do ensino de forma igualitária. O objetivo da pesquisa foi conhecer como ocorre o processo de inserção do aluno indígena na educação escolar no contexto urbano de Boa Vista – RR. Com uma abordagem qualitativa, a investigação constituiu de pesquisa bibliográfica, análise documental e a utilização da técnica de entrevista, esta realizada com três coordenadores pedagógicos e três professores do Ensino Fundamental I. A referida escola apresenta o maior número de alunos regularmente matriculados segundo dados da Secretaria Municipal de Educação e tem a maior concentração alunos indígenas em uma escola urbana do município. Dentro desta perspectiva o trabalho trará uma compreensão do papel da escola no processo de inserção do aluno indígena, da participação e da interação deste no que diz respeito às diferenças culturais e o reconhecimento da interculturalidade enquanto objeto de aproximação entre as culturas e os seus produtores.
A importância do pensamento e dos fazimentos do intelectual Darcy Ribeiro.
Authors: Souza Silvio Claudio , Souza Carla Zottolo 
Published: February 2019

Este artigo analisa o pensamento-ação de Darcy Ribeiro, ressaltando a importância de seu pensamento e sinalizando como seus fazimentos e sua intensa participação política no campo governamental influenciaram a educação brasileira, destacadamente a universidade. Pretende-se demonstrar como se naturalizam os fatos históricos, relativizando as pretensões teóricas do liberalismo e assinalando as tendências culturais e econômicas predatórias do processo de globalização econômica, estabelecendo um contraponto ao ideário de Darcy, inspirado na diversificação dos povos e no reconhecimento do que chamou de “processo civilizatório”. Palavras-chaves: Darcy Ribeiro. Educação. Emancipação.
The laparoscopic approach for epiphrenic diverticula with achalasia
Authors: Mandovra P , Kalikar V , Patel A , Patankar RV 
Published: February 2019

Introduction Epiphrenic diverticulum (ED) is an uncommon disease that is invariably associated with an underlying oesophageal motility disorder such as achalasia. Management of ED should always be accompanied by treatment of the underlying motility disorder to prevent recurrence of symptoms. Traditionally, ED were approached via a left thoracotomy but as laparoscopy offers better access to the distal oesophagus, its use is becoming more widespread. Methods A total of 72 patients with oesophageal achalasia underwent laparoscopic surgery at our centre over a period of 7 years. Five (6.9%) of these had associated symptomatic ED. These patients were treated with a laparoscopic transhiatal epiphrenic diverticulectomy using intraoperative oesophagoscopy guidance, combined with a Heller myotomy and Dor fundoplication. Patients were followed up regularly and symptoms were assessed at 12 months. Results The median age of the five patients with associated symptomatic ED was 56 years (range: 38–69 years). Three were male. The mean duration of surgery was 150 minutes (range: 120–180 minutes). One patient (20%) developed a postoperative oesophageal leak. The mean follow-up duration was 25 months (range: 12–36 months). At 12 months, the mean Eckardt score reduced from 6.8 to 1.6. Three patients (60%) reported an excellent outcome, one (20%) reported a good outcome and one (20%) reported a fair outcome. Conclusions Along with diverticulectomy, treating the underlying motility disorder with an adequate Heller myotomy and partial fundoplication is of prime importance for a good surgical outcome without symptom recurrence. Laparoscopy offers better access to the distal oesophagus than the conventional thoracic approach for ED.
Pengembangan klon Sukun (Artocarpus altilis (Park.) Fosberg.) unggulan untuk mendukung ketahanan pangan
Authors: Adinugraha Hamdan Adma , Setiadi Dedi 
Published: February 2019

Breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis) is one of multipurpose tree species that their wood, bark, fruit and leaves can be utilized for human life. The main product of breadfruit is its fruit as one of the potential food sources that has a fairly high nutrient content and is widely consumed as an additional food and even traditional staple foods such as in some countries the Pacific region. The challenge in developing breadfruit as an alternative food source for the community is to prepare the plant material of superior breadfruit clones which have high fruit production and have enough nutrients and chemicals as a source of food and medicinal ingredients. Based on the clones selection at the clonal test plantation in Gunungkidul, Yogyakarta obtained 5 excellent breadfruit populations representing breadfruit cultivars in Indonesia, namely Cilacap, Yogyakarta, Bali island, Bone and Manokwari. To ensure the availability of seedlings of superior breadfruit clones, the development of planting stocks production techniques is carried out by root cuttings, shoot cuttings and stem cuttings in the nursery that showed better growth succeess (70-100%). Furthermore, information dissemination is carried out to increase efforts to develop breadfruit by the community / user. Breadfruit planting activities are carried out to increase the availability of food reserve forests in the future, both independently and collaboratively with stakeholders who interested in developing of breadfruit plantations.
Donald Trump and Difficult Relations with Europe
Authors: Kiwerska Jadwiga 
Published: February 2019

W artykule poddano analizie relacje amerykańsko-europejskie w okresie urzędowania Donalda Trumpa. Zwrócono uwagę na problemy, jakie pojawiły się na linii Ameryka-Europa w efekcie działań nowej administracji, a dotyczące kwestii zasadniczych, takich jak: bezpieczeństwo, stosunki gospodarcze, wzajemne zaufanie, wiarygodność. Zachwianiu uległy także relacje amerykańsko-niemieckie, jeszcze niedawno określane „partnerstwem w przywództwie” i stanowiące ważny komponent układu transatlantyckiego. Brak uznania dla wysiłku integracyjnego Europy także nie służy dobrze wspólnocie euroatlantyckiej.
Investigations at Naḥal Roded 110: a Late Neolithic ritual site in the southern Negev
Authors: Birkenfeld Michal , Horwitz Liora Kolska , Bar-Yosef Mayer Daniella E. , Bond Jerry , Guttmann-Bond Erika , Cummings Linda S. , Goldgeier Hadas , Krakovsky Maria , Natalio Filipe , Nebenhaus Keren , Neumann Frank H. , Porat Naomi , Scott Louis , Simmons Tal , Yashuv Talia , Avner Uzi 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Interaction of Taste and Place Coding in the Hippocampus
Authors: Herzog Linnea E. , Pascual Leila May , Scott Seneca J. , Mathieson Elon R. , Katz Donald B. , Jadhav Shantanu P. 
Published: February 2019

An animal's survival depends on finding food and the memory of food and contexts are often linked. Given that the hippocampus is required for spatial and contextual memory, it is reasonable to expect related coding of space and food stimuli in hippocampal neurons. However, relatively little is known about how the hippocampus responds to tastes, the most central sensory property of food. In this study, we examined the taste-evoked responses and spatial firing properties of single units in the dorsal CA1 hippocampal region as male rats received a battery of taste stimuli differing in both chemical composition and palatability within a specific spatial context. We identified a subset of hippocampal neurons that responded to tastes, some of which were place cells. These taste and place responses had a distinct interaction: taste-responsive cells tended to have less spatially specific firing fields and place cells only responded to tastes delivered inside their place field. Like neurons in the amygdala and lateral hypothalamus, hippocampal neurons discriminated between tastes predominantly on the basis of palatability, with taste selectivity emerging concurrently with palatability-relatedness; these responses did not reflect movement or arousal. However, hippocampal taste responses emerged several hundred milliseconds later than responses in other parts of the taste system, suggesting that the hippocampus does not influence real-time taste decisions, instead associating the hedonic value of tastes with a particular context. This incorporation of taste responses into existing hippocampal maps could be one way that animals use past experience to locate food sources.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTFinding food is essential for animals' survival and taste and context memory are often linked. Although hippocampal responses to space and contexts have been well characterized, little is known about how the hippocampus responds to tastes. Here, we identified a subset of hippocampal neurons that discriminated between tastes based on palatability. Cells with stronger taste responses typically had weaker spatial responses and taste responses were confined to place cells' firing fields. Hippocampal taste responses emerged later than in other parts of the taste system, suggesting that the hippocampus does not influence taste decisions, but rather associates the hedonic value of tastes consumed within a particular context. This could be one way that animals use past experience to locate food sources.
Biological susceptibility of earth plasters: The influence of relative humidity on fungal growth
Authors: Sokolová Marie , Ryparová Pavla 
Published: February 2019

All building materials can be affected by microbiological agents during their lifecycle. The presence of microorganisms changes the appearance of the surface, degrading it, and they can even cause health problems to the residents. The biological susceptibility is dependent on the content of nutrient based on organic compounds. Thus one of the most susceptible of those materials are earthen construction materials. The degree of fungal growth is influenced by the chemical composition and plant fibres additives as well as the external conditions such as temperature and relative humidity.
The earth plastering mortar has started to gain more attention recently as it is considered to have a low environmental impact and to increase the indoor air quality. Mechanical and physical characteristics of earth materials were studied by a number of authors but the knowledge about the biological resistance of the material is scarce.
This study intends to look into the issue of the biological colonisation of earth plasters depending on the relative humidity. The samples, made of four types of earth plasters with different plant fibres, were placed to an environment of the relative humidity ranging from 33% to 100%. During a period of 4 weeks the extent of fungal growth was observed.
A structural, morphological, linear, and nonlinear optical spectroscopic studies of nanostructured Al-doped ZnO thin films: An effect of Al concentrations
Authors: Arif Mohd , Shkir Mohd , AlFaify Salem , Ganesh Vanga , Sanger Amit , Algarni Hamed , Vilarinho Paula M. , Singh Arun 
Published: February 2019

Abstract