bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between breast cancer and thyroid cancer: A study based on 13 978 patients with breast cancer
Authors: Huang Nai‐si , Chen Xing‐xing , Wei Wen‐jun , Mo Miao , Chen Jia‐ying , Ma Ben , Yang Shu‐wen , Xu Wei‐bo , Wu Jiong , Ji Qing‐hai , Guo Xiao‐mao , Liu Guang‐yu , Shao Zhi‐min , Wang Yu 
Published: November 2018

AbstractBackgroundThyroid cancer (TC) is one of the most commonly seen secondary malignancy in breast cancer (BC) survivors.Materials and methodsA retrospective study was conducted in BC patients in our center from 1999 to 2013. Patients were divided into BC‐TC group and BC‐alone group.ResultsIn total, 13 978 BC patients were identified, among whom 247 (1.8%) had TC. The standardized incidence ratio (SIR) of TC was 4.48 compared with Chinese females, and up to 98.0% of cases were thyroid papillary carcinomas. A family history of malignancy was the only independent risk factor (odds ratio = 1.457, P = 0.025) for development of TC in patients with BC. We also identified inferior survival in patients with synchronous versus metachronous BC‐TC (P = 0.016). Synchronous BC‐TC (risk ratio = 5.597, P = 0.018) was an independent prognostic factor for inferior RFS.ConclusionsWe observed high co‐occurrence of TC in patients with BC. There might be different mechanisms behind synchronous and metachronous BC‐TC.
Predicting the unpredictable mortality outcome of valve‐in‐valve interventions
Authors: Kornowski Ran , Zusman Oren 
Published: November 2018

Key Points
Surgical aortic valve replacement (AVR) risk scores overestimate valve‐in‐valve (ViV) transcatheter AVR (TAVR) mortality, with moderate discrimination
Due to low prevalence of 30‐day mortality, positive predictive value is low
Specific risk score examining multiple outcomes for TAVR and ViV patients are needed
Unstable presentation: One Stent trumps two
Authors: Butman Samuel 
Published: November 2018

Key Points

This report was a retrospective look at a large registry database.
A one‐stent strategy trumps a two‐stent approach in patients with acute coronary syndromes in this large registry.
The primary endpoint and target lesion revascularization was half the rate if a one‐stent strategy was used.
The incidence of stent thrombosis was more than three‐fold as high using a planned two‐stent strategy.
Day‐after PCI: Safe for the patient but perhaps not for the Interventionalist
Authors: Blankenship James C. 
Published: November 2018

Key Points
This single‐center study retrospectively reviewed 12,680 percutaneous coronary interventions (PCIs) to identify those performed by an operator who was awake the previous night performing PCI. Success and outcomes of PCIs were similar regardless of whether the operator performed PCIs the previous night.
This study generally confirms the results of a previous single center study and another study using the NCDR CathPCI Registry.
This study suggests that day‐after PCI is generally safe, but it behooves cath lab managers and interventionalists to take simple steps to minimize the risk to patients when day‐after PCIs are performed.
When small vessels become big problems! Microvascular dysfunction in NSTEMI
Authors: Held Elizabeth P , Henry Timothy D. 
Published: November 2018

Key Points

In a carefully selected cohort of 83 NSTEMI patients, there was a wide variation in the index of microcirculatory resistance (IMR)
Elevated IMR, which correlates with microvascular obstruction by MRI, was an independent predictor of adverse cardiovascular outcomes in patients with NSTEMI
Further investigation is warranted to understand the influence of the microvascular on prognosis following myocardial infarction
Estimation of Interfacial Tension for Geological CO2 Storage
Authors: Dehaghani Amir Hossein Saeedi , Soleimani Reza 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe effective CO2 sequestration in saline aquifers as a climate change‐lessening solution is mainly governed by the interfacial tension (IFT) behavior between CO2 and brine. An innovative and competent decision tree‐based approach called stochastic gradient boosting (SGB) tree algorithm was applied to predict the CO2‐aquifer brine IFT as a function of temperature, pressure, and brine salinities. The produced results were compared with the previously reported outcomes of other machine learning models, namely, radial basis function networks, multilayer perceptron networks, least squares support vector machine, and adaptive neuro fuzzy inference system. Amongst all models, the developed SGB tree algorithm provided superior outputs and turned out to be the most accurate tool.
Preparation and Characterization of Taxifolin Form II by Antisolvent Recrystallization
Authors: Wu Weiwei , Wang Lingling , Wang Li , Zu Yuangang , Wang Lu , Zhang Yin , Zhao Xiuhua 
Published: November 2018

AbstractTo improve the aqueous solubility and dissolution rate of taxifolin, taxifolin form II was successfully prepared through antisolvent recrystallization, in which 1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate and dichloromethane were used as solvent and antisolvent, respectively. The properties of taxifolin form II were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, solid‐state NMR spectroscopy, the dissolving capability test, and the bioavailability test. The chemical structure of taxifolin form II was not changed, but its morphology and crystalline structure changed during the recrystallization process. Moreover, taxifolin form II showed higher solubility, faster dissolution rate, and better bioavailability than taxifolin form I.
Direct Observation and Suppression Effect of Lithium Dendrite Growth for Polyphosphazene Based Polymer Electrolytes in Lithium Metal Cells
Authors: He Xuan , Schmohl Sebastian , Wiemhöfer H.‐D. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractDry solvent‐free and gel polymer electrolytes were analyzed based on poly[bis(2‐(2‐methoxyethoxy) ethoxy) phosphazene] (=MEEP) with the salts LiBOB, LiPF6, and LiTFSI with regard to stability versus lithium deposition at lithium metal electrodes under dc current flow. Symmetrical cells were used with two lithium metal electrodes. The interfaces were monitored using direct optical microscopy and accompanying intermediate impedance measurements. The results were compared with measurements on a dry polymer electrolyte of dissolved LiTFSI in PEO (Li : EO=1 : 10). The PEO‐based electrolyte and the salt‐in‐MEEP electrolytes have shown a comparable ability of dendrite inhibition. The MEEP based gel polymer electrolytes containing ∼50 wt % of a 1 : 1 mixture of EC/DMC, however, showed a much‐enhanced ability of inhibition towards dendrite formation made evident by increased dendrite onset time (t0) and short‐circuit time (ts) when observed in special visualization cells. This could be explained by an increased lithium ion conductivity, an increased lithium transference number and a lower interface resistance at the interface Li/MEEP gel polymer electrolyte. Among the three different salts investigated in the MEEP based polymer electrolytes, LiBOB and LiTFSI show much better stability at the lithium metal interface as compared to LiPF6 which hints to a more stable and conductive SEI at the Li/MEEP interface with dissolved LiBOB and LiTFSI. For MEEP/LiBOB polymer electrolytes, the dendrites grow directly towards the positive electrode with a fast velocity at the early stage which then decays with time in a later phase. This can be explained by the stress in electrolyte and the ‘competitive growth’ of dendrite tips.
A Charge‐Transfer Complex of Thioxanthonephenacyl Sulfonium Salt as a Visible‐Light Photoinitiator for Free Radical and Cationic Polymerizations
Authors: Kaya Kerem , Kreutzer Johannes , Yagci Yusuf 
Published: November 2018

AbstractA new double chromophoric sulfonium salt photoinitiator possessing both thioxanthone and phenacyl groups, namely 2‐isopropylthioxanthonium phenacyl hexafluoroantimonate (ITXPhenS), was synthesized and characterized. ITXPhenS can form a charge‐transfer complex (CTC) with the donor N,N‐dimethyl aniline (DMA) with absorption characteristics in the visible range as confirmed by spectral analysis, cyclic voltammetry (CV) and density functional theory (DFT). The extension of the absorbance shift can be controlled by the ITXPhenS to DMA ratio. The ability of the CTC to initiate free radical and cationic polymerization reactions of various monomers under visible and natural sunlight is demonstrated. The proposed mechanism assumes the generation of radical and ionic species by the heterolytic and/or homolytic cleavage of ITXPhenS within the CTC followed by electron‐transfer reactions.
Novel DRAQ5™/SYTOX® Blue Based Flow Cytometric Strategy to Identify and Characterize Stem Cells in Human Breast Milk
Authors: Keller Titus , Wengenroth Leonie , Smorra Denise , Probst Kristina , Kurian Leo , Kribs Angela , Brachvogel Bent 
Published: November 2018

BackgroundHuman breast milk could be an important stem cell source for the development of newborn and preterm infants, but quantitative data on the stem cell content in breast milk at various gestational stages are needed to determine the clinical value of breast milk as a source of stem cells. Breast milk also contains milk fat globules, lipid droplets of different sizes, debris and dead cells and these components hamper flow cytometry analysis of human breast milk samples.MethodsHere, we originally used standard protocols for flow cytometry to characterize cell populations in human breast milk but failed to discriminate between cells and noncellular components. We then applied a centrifugation protocol to separate cream and skim milk from the cell‐containing pellet and used a novel staining protocol with DRAQ5™ and SYTOX® blue dye as well as antibodies to characterize cells within the pellet fraction.ResultsFlow cytometry analysis identified viable DRAQ5™+/SYTOX® Blue− cells and determined the content of CD11b+ monocytes and TRA‐1‐81+ putative stem cells in human breast milk samples.ConclusionsHence, we developed a novel and reliable flow cytometry based‐approach to quantify subpopulation of cells in human breast milk with a high content of milk fat globules, lipid droplets, and particles. This approach will improve the identification and quantification of breast milk cells and allow standardizing the flow cytometry‐based evaluation of the stem cell content. © 2018 International Clinical Cytometry Society
Grazing management options for restoration of alpine grasslands on the Qinghai‐Tibet Plateau
Authors: Wang Yingxin , Sun Yi , Wang Zhaofeng , Chang Shenghua , Hou Fujiang 
Published: November 2018

AbstractIn an attempt to alleviate the problem of grassland degradation on the Qinghai‐Tibet Plateau in China, state and local authorities in 2003, initiated the “Retire Livestock and Restore Pastures” ecological engineering program, requiring the use of enclosure fencing to enable grazing exclusion and rotational grazing. A five‐year controlled grazing experiment was conducted to determine the effects of this program on (1) sheep live weight gain; and (2a) standing herbage biomass; and (2b) species diversity. Effects of temporal within‐year variation in precipitation and temperature on livestock productivity, standing herbage biomass, and species diversity were also investigated. At the end of 5 yr, grazing exclusion showed no significant difference in standing herbage biomass or in species diversity, compared with either continuous grazing or rotational grazing. Rotational grazing at the high stocking rate significantly promoted sheep live weight gain per hectare, but not per sheep; neither standing herbage biomass, nor species diversity, whether under continuous (i.e., traditional) or rotational grazing, showed a significant difference. Under rotational grazing, higher standing herbage biomass and species diversity were required to maintain or increase sheep liveweight, compared with continuous grazing. Temporal distribution of precipitation and temperature had more influence on alpine grassland parameters, than did grazing. Results of this study suggest that herders’ local traditional knowledge and expertise might be useful in modifying Government guidelines to fine tune grazing management with the dynamics of the alpine meadow ecosystem, and that it is important to consider equilibrium and non‐equilibrium theory in formulating a policy which benefits both herders and grassland. Traditional continuous grazing at a carefully chosen light stocking rate appears to be the most appropriate way to manage livestock and grassland in this region.
Searching for cover: soil enrichment and herbivore exclusion, not fire, enhance African savanna small‐mammal abundance
Authors: Bergstrom Bradley J. , Sensenig Ryan L. , Augustine David J. , Young Truman P. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractLarge mammalian herbivores (LMH) are known to suppress populations of small mammals in African savanna ecosystems; whether this suppression is driven by depletion of nutrients and food resources, or of cover, is poorly understood. Cattle management creates scattered, persistent, nutrient‐enriched areas (glades). Similarly, prescribed fire may enhance forage nutrition of burned patches. Both enriched microhabitats attract wild and domestic LMH and are fertilized by their wastes, but removal of vegetative cover by LMH or fire may negate the benefits of enhanced nutrition to risk‐averse small‐mammal species or individuals. We used replicated LMH exclusion experiments on red sandy loam and black‐cotton clay soils, and a multi‐scale burn experiment on black cotton to examine abundance, diversity, and biomass of small mammals across sites varying in vegetation cover and enrichment. Small‐mammal species composition varied dramatically among habitats. Species diversity and density on red sands were roughly double that of black cotton soils. Small‐mammal densities and diversity were dramatically greater inside LMH exclosures; maximal densities occurred inside fenced, nutrient‐rich, tall‐grass glades. Small‐mammal density was similar between black‐cotton burn sites and unburned matrix habitat but was significantly greater on unburned than burned patches within the burn sites. Burned patches contained less grassy cover up to 50 months post‐burn, although vegetation differences diminished following significant rains. Mice captured on burned patches traveled farther but were not heavier than mice captured on unburned patches. Small mammals were nearly 20‐fold more abundant on totally fenced glades than matrix habitat on both soils and ninefold more abundant on fenced bushland (non‐glades) on red sands. Unfenced glades supported intermediate densities in black cotton but lower densities in red sands because of close cropping by LMH. Total small‐mammal biomass tended to be greater on red sands (though mean body mass was greater on black cotton for two common species), within exclosures, and on glades. Both the grass rat and pouched mouse reached maximal densities within glade LMH exclosures on both soils. This and the positive association of small‐mammal densities with grass height and dead‐stem density suggest loss of cover is a primary driver of large‐herbivore suppression of certain savanna small mammals.
Possible mechanism for disposal of degenerative cardiomyocytes in human failing hearts: phagocytosis by a neighbour
Authors: Takemura Genzou , Onoue Kenji , Nakano Tomoya , Nakamura Takuya , Sakaguchi Yasuhiro , Tsujimoto Akiko , Miyazaki Nagisa , Watanabe Takatomo , Kanamori Hiromitsu , Okada Hideshi , Kawasaki Masanori , Fujiwara Takako , Fujiwara Hisayoshi , Saito Yoshihiko 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe index case was a 51‐year‐old woman suffering from doxorubicin cardiomyopathy. In her endomyocardial biopsy specimen, we observed under electron microscopy six scenes in which degenerative cardiomyocytes were engulfed by neighbouring cardiomyocytes. The enclosed cardiomyocytes appeared more degenerative than the enclosing ones in every pair: the myofibrils were more severely damaged. At more degenerative stages, some desmosomes of the intercalated discs on the enclosed cardiomyocyte had disappeared. The membranes between the cardiomyocytes were occasionally disrupted, and there appeared to be sharing of cellular contents between the cells. One pair of such a phagocytosis‐like figure was observed in one case with 5‐fluorouracil cardiomyopathy (a 68‐year‐old man) among eight other chemotherapy‐induced cardiomyopathies but none among 30 non‐drug‐induced dilated cardiomyopathies. The findings suggest a mechanism for disposal of degenerative cardiomyocytes in human failing hearts: phagocytosis by a neighbour, although alternative interpretations remain (e.g. giant autophagic vacuoles or two cardiomyocytes with degenerative intercalated discs).
Transfemoral aortic valve replacement for severe aortic valve regurgitation in a patient with a pulsatile‐flow biventricular assist device
Authors: Gomes Bruna , Bekeredjian Raffi , Leuschner Florian , Ehlermann Philipp , Schmack Bastian , Ruhparwar Arjang , Raake Philip W. , Katus Hugo A. , Kreusser Michael M. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractSevere aortic regurgitation (AR) is a rare but significant complication of ventricular assist device therapy. Experience with transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) in this setting of patients is very limited, while the scarcely reported cases exclusively refer to TAVR under continuous‐flow left ventricular assist devices. Here, we present the first successful TAVR while running a pulsatile‐flow biventricular assist device (PF‐BiVAD). Clinical data were collected based on the patient's electronic medical records after the patient's consent was obtained. We describe the case of a 57‐year‐old man in whom a PF‐BiVAD (EXCOR, Berlin Heart, Berlin, Germany) had been initially inserted after fulminant myocarditis with subsequent severe dilated cardiomyopathy as bridge‐to‐transplantation therapy. Over the following 2 years, the patient developed severe de novo AR under PF‐BiVAD therapy. This, along with progressive cardiac decompensation, led to the decision for TAVR by our heart team as a minimal invasive approach for severe AR. TAVR using two Edwards SAPIEN 3 bioprostheses as a valve‐in‐valve procedure resulted in a significant reduction of AR from severe to mild, with trace paravalvular leakage and without significant pressure gradients. The patient underwent total orthotopic heart transplantation afterwards. This is the first report of successful TAVR in a patient with severe de novo AR while running a PF‐BiVAD.
Standards for the management of cancer‐related pain across Europe—A position paper from the EFIC Task Force on Cancer Pain
Authors: Bennett Michael I. , Eisenberg Elon , Ahmedzai Sam H. , Bhaskar Arun , O’Brien Tony , Mercadante Sebastiano , Krčevski Škvarč Nevenka , Vissers Kris , Wirz Stefan , Wells Chris , Morlion Bart 
Published: November 2018

AbstractBackground and objectivePain is a common symptom in patients who survive cancer and in those who live with progressive advanced disease. Evidence from meta‐analyses suggests that pain remains poorly controlled for a large proportion of patients; barriers to good management include poor assessment of pain, inadequate support for patient self‐management and late or inadequate access to strong opioid analgesia in those with advanced disease.MethodsThe European Pain Federation (EFIC) established a Task Force in 2017 which convened a European group of experts, drawn from a diverse range of relevant clinical disciplines, to prepare a position paper on appropriate standards for the management of cancer‐related pain. The expert panel reviewed the available literature and made recommendations using the GRADE system to combine quality of evidence with strength of recommendation. The panel took into account the desirable and undesirable effects of the management recommendation, including the cost and inconvenience of each when deciding the recommendation.Results and conclusionsThe 10 standards presented are aimed to improve cancer pain management and reduce variation in practice across Europe. The Task Force believes that adoption of these standards by all 37 countries will promote the quality of care of patients with cancer‐related pain and reduce unnecessary suffering.SignificancePain affects up to 40% of cancer survivors and affects at least 66% of patients with advanced progressive disease, many of whom experience poor pain control. These 10 standards are aimed to improve cancer pain management, promote the quality of care of patients and reduce variation across Europe.
The dynamics of band (peak) shape development in capillary zone electrophoresis in light of the linear theory of electromigration
Authors: Dvořák Martin , Dubský Pavel , Dovhunová Magda , Gaš Bohuslav 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe continuity equations that describe the movement of ions in liquid solutions under the influence of an external stationary electric field, as it is utilized in electrophoresis, were introduced a long time ago starting with Kohlrausch in 1897. From that time on, there have been many attempts to solve the equations and to discuss the results. In electrophoresis, special attention has always been devoted to the peak shapes obtained by the detector since the shapes have a tight connection with the phenomena taking place during electromigration and influence the efficiency and selectivity of the separation. Among these phenomena, the most important is electromigration dispersion. In this commented review paper, we compare various models of electromigration, try to find points that connect them, and discuss the range of their validity in light of the linear and nonlinear theory of electromigration.
IL‐17A‐mediated ERK1/2/p65 signaling pathway is associated with cell apoptosis after non‐alcoholic steatohepatitis
Authors: Pan Ya‐jie , Ren Xing , Zhang Ying‐ying , Lv Jun , Zeng Qing‐lei , Zhang Hong‐yu , Yu Zu‐jiang 
Published: November 2018

AbstractInterleukin (IL)‐17A is pro‐inflammatory cytokine which has been identified as a noninvasive marker of the pathogenesis of non‐alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). However, the underlying role of IL‐17A in NASH progression remains unclear. This study was designed to investigate the biological function and molecular mechanism of IL‐17A in the induction of NASH. The results showed that IL‐17A was highly expressed in high‐fat diet (HFD)‐induced NASH mouse model. Intravenous injection of IL‐17A exacerbated steatohepatitis process via promoting hepatocyte apoptosis. Furthermore, IL‐17A‐induced apoptosis was mediated by ERK1/2/p65 signaling pathway. In conclusion, we demonstrated that IL‐17A‐mediated ERK1/2/p65 signaling pathway was a promising target for the treatment of NASH. © 2018 IUBMB Life, 71(3):302–309, 2019