bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Mass Spectrometry Survey of Chromatin‐Associated Proteins in Pluripotency and Early Lineage Commitment
Authors: van Mierlo Guido , Wester Roelof Alexander , Marks Hendrik 
Published: June 2019

AbstractPluripotency can be captured in vitro in the form of Embryonic Stem Cells (ESCs). These ESCs can be either maintained in the unrestricted “naïve” state of pluripotency, adapted to developmentally more constrained “primed” pluripotency or differentiated towards each of the three germ layers. Epigenetic protein complexes and transcription factors have been shown to specify and instruct transitions from ESCs to distinct cell states. In this study, proteomic profiling of the chromatin landscape by chromatin enrichment for proteomics (ChEP) is used in mouse naive pluripotent ESCs, primed pluripotent Epiblast stem cells (EpiSCs), and cells in early stages of differentiation. A comprehensive overview of epigenetic protein complexes associated with the chromatin is provided and proteins associated with the maintenance and loss of pluripotency are identified. The data reveal major compositional alterations of epigenetic complexes during priming and differentiation of naïve pluripotent ESCs. These results contribute to the understanding of ESC differentiation and provide a framework for future studies of lineage commitment of ESCs.
Proteome Profile of Endogenous Retrotransposon‐Associated Complexes in Human Embryonic Stem Cells
Authors: Vuong Linh M. , Pan Songqin , Donovan Peter J. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractLong Interspersed Element‐1 (LINE‐1 or L1) are transposable elements similar to retroviruses that have existed in the genome of primates for millions of years. They encode two Open Reading Frame (ORF) proteins (ORF1p and ORF2p) that bind L1 RNA to form a ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complex and are required for L1 integration into the host genome. Humans have evolved with L1 and found ways to limit L1 activity. To identify partners of the L1 RNP, previous studies used ectopic expression of L1 ORF1/2p or RNA in various cancer cells, which express low levels of the ORF proteins. Whether naturally occurring L1 RNP interacts with the same proteins in non‐cancer cells is unknown. Here, the aim is to examine the natural assembly of endogenous L1 RNPs in normal human cells. L1 elements are expressed in human embryonic stem cells (hESCs), derived from pre‐implantation embryos. Therefore, these cells are used to immunoprecipitate ORF1p followed by MS to identify proteins that associate with the naturally‐occurring L1 ORF1p. Some of the same proteins as well as unique proteins are found interacting with the endogenous L1 ORF1p complexes. The analysis of ORF1p‐associated proteins in hESCs can help address important questions in both retrotransposon biology and the biology of hESCs.
Upper Extremity Rehabilitation Using Fully Immersive Virtual Reality Games With a Head Mount Display: A Feasibility Study
Authors: Lee Seung Hak , Jung Hae‐Yoon , Yun Seo Jung , Oh Byung‐Mo , Seo Han Gil 
Published: June 2019

BackgroundRehabilitation therapy using a virtual reality (VR) system for stroke patients has gained attention. However, few studies have investigated fully immersive VR using a head‐mount display (HMD) for upper extremity rehabilitation in stroke patients.ObjectiveTo investigate the feasibility, preliminary efficacy, and usability of a fully immersive VR rehabilitation program using a commercially available HMD for upper‐limb rehabilitation in stroke patients.DesignA feasibility study.SettingTwo rehabilitation centers.ParticipantsTwelve stroke patients with upper extremity weakness.InterventionsFive upper extremity rehabilitation tasks were implemented in a virtual environment, and the participants wore an HMD (HTC Vive) and trained with appropriate tasks. Participants received a total of 10 sessions two to three times a week, consisting of 30 minutes per session.Main Outcome MeasuresBoth patient participation and adverse effects of VR training were monitored. Primary efficacy was assessed using functional outcomes (Action Research Arm Test, Box and Block Test, and modified Barthel Index), before and after the intervention. Usability was assessed using a self‐reported questionnaire.ResultsThree patients discontinued VR training, and nine patients completed the entire training sessions and there were no adverse effects due to motion sickness. The patients who received all sessions showed significant functional improvement in all outcome measures after training (P < .05 for all measures). The overall satisfaction was 6.3 ± 0.8 on a 7‐point Likert scale in all participants.ConclusionsA fully immersive VR rehabilitation program using an HMD for rehabilitation of the upper extremities following stroke is feasible and, in this small study, no serious adverse effects were identified.Level of EvidenceIV.
Religious comfort and anxiety in women with cancer: The mediating role of hope and moderating role of religious struggle
Authors: Zarzycka Beata , Śliwak Jacek , Krok Dariusz , Ciszek Paweł 
Published: June 2019

AbstractObjectiveReligiosity is an important source of consolation among individuals suffering from cancer. However, religion does not always bring comfort. Religious struggles elicit stress. We examined whether religious comfort predicts anxiety in patients diagnosed as having cancer. Hope was examined as a mediator and religious struggle as a moderator in this relationship.MethodsIn this cross‐sectional, descriptive‐analytical research, 77 Polish women with cancer were selected using sequential convenience sampling. Data were collected using the Religious Comfort and Strain Scale, the Adult Hope Scale, and the State‐Trait Anxiety Inventory. A statistical procedure using Pearson's correlation coefficient and multiple regression was employed.ResultsReligious comfort correlated negatively with anxiety (.007) and positively with hope (.006). Hope correlated negatively with anxiety (.011). Hope was a mediator in the relationship between religious comfort and anxiety: indirect effect (IE) = −0.07; 90% CI, −0.161 to −0.001. Patients who derive more comfort from religion feel stronger hope and, consequently, lower anxiety. The index of moderated mediation (IMM) was significant when we introduced fear‐guilt as a moderator: IMM = 0.07; 90% CI, 0.001‐0.007. Thus, the effect of religious comfort on anxiety reduction through hope is bigger if the experience of religious fear‐guilt is smaller.ConclusionsReligion appears to protect against developing anxiety because it enhances hope. However, religious guilt can stop cancer patients from using their religious resources.
The role of protein complexes in human genetic disease
Authors: Bergendahl L. Therese , Gerasimavicius Lukas , Miles Jamilla , Macdonald Lewis , Wells Jonathan N. , Welburn Julie P. I. , Marsh Joseph A. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractMany human genetic disorders are caused by mutations in protein‐coding regions of DNA. Taking protein structure into account has therefore provided key insight into the molecular mechanisms underlying human genetic disease. Although most studies have focused on the intramolecular effects of mutations, the critical role of the assembly of proteins into complexes is being increasingly recognized. Here, we review multiple ways in which consideration of protein complexes can help us to understand and explain the effects of pathogenic mutations. First, we discuss disorders caused by mutations that perturb intersubunit interactions in homomeric and heteromeric complexes. Second, we address how protein complex assembly can facilitate a dominant‐negative mechanism, whereby mutated subunits can disrupt the activity of wild‐type protein. Third, we show how mutations that change protein expression levels can lead to damaging stoichiometric imbalances. Finally, we review how mutations affecting different subunits of the same heteromeric complex often cause similar diseases, whereas mutations in different interfaces of the same subunit can cause distinct phenotypes.
Estimating PAH sources in harbor sediments using diagnostic ratios
Authors: Davis Emily , Walker Tony R. , Adams Michelle , Willis Rob 
Published: June 2019

AbstractPolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are ubiquitous in the global environment and are subsequently transported into aquatic sediments. As PAHs are formed by various processes, source identification using diagnostic ratios can provide insight to PAH emission sources to distinguish between pyrogenic and petrogenic PAH sources. PAH diagnostic ratios were applied as a forensic source apportionment technique to assess aggregate historical sediment data from 31 small craft harbors (SCHs) across Nova Scotia, Canada. Multiple diagnostic ratios suggest that PAHs present in Nova Scotia SCH sediments are pyrogenic (combustion) in origin, while consistently suggesting that coal‐related PAH sources are potential dominant specific sources. National Institute of Standards and Technology Standard Reference Materials (SRMs) were used as reference for coal tar, urban dust, and diesel exhaust particulates in ratio applications. The SRM for coal tar was most similar to Nova Scotia SCH sediments in multiple ratio applications. Diagnostic ratio results were corroborated by comparing the PAH profile of sediments to source profiles from the literature. Results indicate that Nova Scotia SCH sediments follow global trends by exhibiting a dominant pyrogenic PAH signature, and the specific coal‐related PAH signature of Nova Scotia SCH sediments may be influenced by contamination inputs related to historical industrial coal mining and combustion activities in the province.
An ergonomic approach to sustainable development: The role of information environment and social‐psychological variables in the adoption of agri‐environmental innovations
Authors: Caffaro Federica , Roccato Michele , Micheletti Cremasco Margherita , Cavallo Eugenio 
Published: June 2019

AbstractSustainability is defined as meeting the human needs of current as well as future generations. This anthropocentric perspective leads to joint objectives between sustainability and ergonomics. In the present study, we adopted a systems ergonomic approach and, based on the Theory of Planned Behavior, we analyzed the paths by which the information environment can affect farmers' adoption of sustainable measures through the mediation of attitudes, social pressure, and behavioral control. One hundred ninety‐nine Italian farmers completed a questionnaire assessing exposure to impersonal, personal‐formal, and personal‐informal sources of information on the one hand and attitudes, perceived behavioral control, and subjective norms toward the adoption of two types of sustainable innovations (technological solutions and organizational/managerial practices) on the other. The results showed that attitudes and perceived behavioral control were the dominant determinants of farmers' adoption behavior, and personal‐formal sources of information were positively associated with perceived behavioral control. Possible interventions are discussed for farmers' information environment to promote the adoption of sustainable innovations.
Printable on‐chip micro battery
Authors: Tsukamoto Takashiro , Tanaka Shuji 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThis paper reports an easy‐to‐fabricate micro battery that can be directly printed on a bio‐sensing device such as an immunoreaction‐based disposable complementary metal oxide semiconductor bio‐sensing chip. The printed Mg and AgCl films were used as both cathode and anode materials, while the inspection solution for the bio‐sensing was utilized as an electrolyte, which simplified the structure of the battery. A micro battery fabricated on the printed circuit board, in which each electrode size was 3 × 3 mm2, could generate an open circuit voltage as high as 1.58 V, a maximum power as high as 1.4 mW and a total stored energy as high as 400 mJ. Wireless sensor test platforms self‐powered by the developed on‐chip battery successfully worked in a 0.14 M NaCl solution, and digital data could be successfully transferred using both optical and capacitive coupling methods. © 2019 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Transmission and distribution coordination in power systems with high shares of distributed energy resources providing balancing and congestion management services
Authors: Lind Leandro , Cossent Rafael , Chaves‐Ávila José Pablo , Gómez San Román Tomás 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThis paper presents a literature review on the coordination between transmission and distribution grid operators in power systems, with particular emphasis on the provision of balancing and congestion management services. Firstly, a brief historical background is presented in order to highlight the ongoing changes current power systems are experiencing and that call for greater coordination between transmission system operators (TSO) and distribution system operators (DSO). These include the growth in distributed energy resources (DER), new roles to be adopted by both system operators (SO), and the integration of new agents such as independent aggregators. Next, the paper places its focus on a particular topic which, based on the review presented, is presumably considered as the most relevant issue requiring tighter cooperation mechanisms, that is, the procurement of balancing services from DER by TSOs whilst DSOs procures the same DER flexibility to manage local congestions. Four key elements are identified for this coordination to take place, namely (a) DER flexibility integration, (b) coordination schemes, (c) transmission‐distribution optimization, and (d) data exchange. For each one of them, the paper presents a literature review and identifies the main existing technical, economic, and regulatory barriers. These barriers include, among others, the limitation for small DER flexibility to participate in grid service markets, the challenges for independent aggregators, the technical barriers for optimizing a transmission‐distribution grid, and the lack of maturity in coordination schemes and TSO‐DSO data exchange models.
This article is categorized under:
Energy Systems Analysis > Systems and Infrastructure
Energy Systems Economics > Economics and Policy
Activated sludge and other aerobic suspended culture processes
Authors: Ouyang Jia , Li Chunying , Zhang Guocai , Wei Dong , Wei Li , Chang Chein‐Chi 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe fields in the process model of activated sludge, the characteristics and species of microbial communities, dynamics and mechanism in the process, the influence of different xenobiotics on activated sludge, anaerobic digestion on waste activated sludge, and design and operation for activated sludge are reviewed in 2018. Contrast with the past reviews, several new highlights such as waste activated sludge treatment, antibiotic and heavy‐metal xenobiotic, and pretreatment for anaerobic digestion are mentioned in 2018, which indicated that the research tendency of activated sludge from wastewater treatment to waste sludge treatment in the retrieved literature is developing.Practitioner pointsNone.
Review of applications of self‐excited oscillations to highly sensitive vibrational sensors
Authors: Yabuno Hiroshi 
Published: June 2019

AbstractVibrational sensors with resonators are suited for online monitoring because of their fast response and ability to measure instantly and continuously. Also, their miniaturization realizes much higher resolution. In this review, we begin by discussing sensor resolution based on the natural frequency shift of the resonator. For mass and stiffness sensing, the detection method for the natural frequency shift by self‐excited oscillation is characterized comparing with that by external excitation. Self‐excited oscillation automatically compensates for the viscous damping effects of the environment on the resonators, thus ensuring direct and accurate detection of the natural frequency shift. Another application of self‐excited oscillation is to viscometers. Instead of detecting the natural frequency shift, this system detects the critical feedback gain to generate self‐excited oscillation. This is important for measuring very high viscosity, where the peak of the frequency response curve is ambiguous or does not exist, meaning the Q value cannot be estimated from such curves. Another method, introduced for ultra‐sensitive mass sensing, is based on the eigenmode shift in multiple weakly coupled resonators. In this system, the self‐excitation compensates for the viscous damping effects to enable direct detection of the eigenmode shift.
Reporting Quality of Journal Abstracts for Surgical Randomized Controlled Trials Before and After the Implementation of the CONSORT Extension for Abstracts
Authors: Speich Benjamin , Mc Cord Kimberly A. , Agarwal Arnav , Gloy Viktoria , Gryaznov Dmitry , Moffa Giusi , Hopewell Sally , Briel Matthias 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackgroundAdequate reporting is crucial in full‐text publications but even more so in abstracts because they are the most frequently read part of a publication. In 2008, an extension for abstracts of the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT‐A) statement was published, defining which items should be reported in abstracts of randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Therefore, we compared the adherence of RCT abstracts to CONSORT‐A before and after the publication of CONSORT‐A.MethodsRCTs published in the five surgical journals with the highest impact factor were identified through PubMed for 2005–2007 and 2014–2016. Adherence to 15 CONSORT‐A items and two additional items for abstracts of non‐pharmacological trials was assessed in duplicate. We compared the overall adherence to CONSORT‐A between the two time periods using an unpaired t test and explored adherence to specific items.ResultsA total of 192 and 164 surgical RCT abstracts were assessed (2005–2007 and 2014–2016, respectively). In the pre‐CONSORT‐A phase, the mean score of adequately reported items was 6.14 (95% confidence interval [CI] 5.90–6.38) and 8.11 in the post‐CONSORT‐A phase (95% CI 7.83–8.39; mean difference 1.97, 95% CI 1.60–2.34; p < 0.0001). The comparison of individual items indicated a significant improvement in 9 of the 15 items. The three least reported items in the post‐CONSORT‐A phase were randomization (2.4%), blinding (13.4%), and funding (0.0%). Specific items for non‐pharmacological trials were rarely reported (approximately 10%).ConclusionThe reporting in abstracts of surgical RCTs has improved after the implementation of CONSORT‐A. More importantly, there is still ample room for improvement.
Genetic Variation in the Ontario Neurodegenerative Disease Research Initiative
Authors: Dilliott Allison A. , Evans Emily C. , Farhan Sali M.K. , Ghani Mahdi , Sato Christine , Zhang Ming , McIntyre Adam D. , Cao Henian , Racacho Lemuel , Robinson John F. , Strong Michael J. , Masellis Mario , Bulman Dennis E. , Rogaeva Ekaterina , Black Sandra E. , Finger Elizabeth , Frank Andrew , Freedman Morris , Hassan Ayman , Lang Anthony , Shoesmith Christen L. , Swartz Richard H. , Tang-Wai David , Tartaglia Maria Carmela , Turnbull John , Zinman Lorne ,   the ONDRI Investigators, Hegele Robert A. 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACT:Background/Objective:Apolipoprotein E (APOE) E4 is the main genetic risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Due to the consistent association, there is interest as to whether E4 influences the risk of other neurodegenerative diseases. Further, there is a constant search for other genetic biomarkers contributing to these phenotypes, such as microtubule-associated protein tau (MAPT) haplotypes. Here, participants from the Ontario Neurodegenerative Disease Research Initiative were genotyped to investigate whether theAPOEE4 allele orMAPTH1 haplotype are associated with five neurodegenerative diseases: (1) AD and mild cognitive impairment (MCI), (2) amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, (3) frontotemporal dementia (FTD), (4) Parkinson’s disease, and (5) vascular cognitive impairment.Methods:Genotypes were defined for their respectiveAPOEallele andMAPThaplotype calls for each participant, and logistic regression analyses were performed to identify the associations with the presentations of neurodegenerative diseases.Results:Our work confirmed the association of the E4 allele with a dose-dependent increased presentation of AD, and an association between the E4 allele alone and MCI; however, the other four diseases were not associated with E4. Further, theAPOEE2 allele was associated with decreased presentation of both AD and MCI. No associations were identified betweenMAPThaplotype and the neurodegenerative disease cohorts; but following subtyping of the FTD cohort, the H1 haplotype was significantly associated with progressive supranuclear palsy.Conclusion:This is the first study to concurrently analyze the association ofAPOEisoforms andMAPThaplotypes with five neurodegenerative diseases using consistent enrollment criteria and broad phenotypic analysis.
Endemism in Wyoming plant and insect herbivore communities during the early Eocene hothouse
Authors: Currano Ellen D. , Pinheiro Esther R. S. , Buchwaldt Robert , Clyde William C. , Miller Ian M. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe warm, equable, and ice-free early Eocene Epoch permits investigation of ecosystem function and macro-ecological patterns during a very different climate regime than exists today. It also provides insight into what the future may entail, as anthropogenic CO2release drives Earth toward a comparable hothouse condition. Studying plant–insect herbivore food webs during hothouse intervals is warranted, because these account for the majority of nonmicrobial terrestrial biodiversity. Here, we report new plant and insect herbivore damage census data from two floodplain sites in the Wind River Basin of central Wyoming, one in the Aycross Formation (50–48.25 Ma) at the basin edge (WRE) and the second in the Wind River Formation in the interior of the basin (WRI). The WRI site is in stratigraphic proximity to a volcanic ash that is newly dated to 52.416 ± 0.016/0.028/0.063 (2σ). We compare the Wind River Basin assemblages to published data from a 52.65 Ma floodplain flora in the neighboring Bighorn (BH) Basin and find that only 5.6% of plant taxa occur at all three sites and approximately 10% occur in both basins. The dissimilar floras support distinct suites of insect herbivores, as recorded by leaf damage. The relatively low-diversity BH flora has the highest diversity of insect damage, contrary to hypotheses that insect herbivore diversity tracks floral diversity. The distinctiveness of the WRE flora is likely due to its younger age and cooler reconstructed paleotemperature, but these factors are nearly identical for the WRI and BH floras. Site-specific microenvironmental factors that cannot be measured easily in deep time may account for these differences. Alternatively, the Owl Creek Mountains between the two basins may have provided a formidable barrier to the thermophilic organisms that inhabited the basin interiors, supporting Janzen's hypothesis that mountain passes appear higher in tropical environments.