bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Persistent acidosis after reperfusion—A prognostic indicator of increased 30‐day and in‐hospital postoperative mortality in liver transplant recipients
Authors: Kim Sang , DeMaria Samuel , Li Jiawen , Lin Hung‐Mo , Smith Natalie , Wax David , Hill Bryan , So Ashley , Tabrizian Parissa , Florman Sander , Feierman Dennis , Zerillo Jeron 
Published: December 2018

AbstractDuring liver transplantation, the patient is at risk of developing progressive lactic acidosis. Following reperfusion, correction of acidosis may occur. In some patients, acidosis will worsen, a phenomenon referred to as persistent acidosis after reperfusion (PAAR). We compared postoperative outcomes in patients who manifested PAAR vs those that did not. All adult patients undergoing liver transplantation from 2002 to 2015 were included. PAAR is defined by the presence of a significant negative slope coefficient for base excess values measured after hepatic artery anastomosis through 72 hours postoperatively. Primary outcome was a composite of 30‐day and in‐hospital mortality. Secondary outcomes included: ICU LOS, total hospital LOS, and re‐transplantation rate within 7 days. PAAR occurred in 10% of the transplant recipients. Patients with PAAR had higher MELD, BMI, and eGFR and demonstrated a longer median ICU LOS and hospital median LOS with a trend toward mortality difference. But, after propensity matching, the mortality rate difference became significantly higher in patients with PAAR compared with matched controls while the ICU LOS differences disappeared. The re‐transplantation rates were similar also between the PAAR and no PAAR groups. The cohort with PAAR had a significant 30‐day and in‐hospital increase in mortality after propensity score matching.
Spontaneous epileptiform activity in a rat model of bilateral subcortical band heterotopia
Authors: Sahu Surajit , Buhler Emmanuelle , Vermoyal Jean‐Christophe , Watrin Françoise , Represa Alfonso , Manent Jean‐Bernard 
Published: December 2018

SummaryObjectiveMalformations of cortical development are common causes of intellectual disability and epilepsy, yet there is a crucial lack of relevant preclinical models associating seizures and cortical malformations. Here, we describe a novel rat model with bilateral subcortical band heterotopia (SBH) and examine whether this model develops spontaneous epileptic seizures.MethodsTo generate bilateral SBH in rats, we combined RNAi‐mediated knockdown of Dcx and in utero electroporation with a tripolar electrode configuration enabling simultaneous transfection of the two brain hemispheres. To determine whether bilateral SBH leads to epileptiform activity, rats of various ages were implanted for telemetric electrocorticographic recordings and histopathological examination was carried out at the end of the recording sessions.ResultsBy 2 months, rats with bilateral SBH showed nonconvulsive spontaneous seizures consisting of spike‐and‐wave discharges (SWDs) with dominant frequencies in the alpha and theta bands and secondarily in higher‐frequency bands. SWDs occurred during both the dark and the light period, but were more frequent during quiet awake state than during sleep. Also, SWDs were more frequent and lasted longer at older ages. No sex differences were found. Although frequencies and durations of SWDs were found to be uncorrelated with the size of SBH, SWDs were initiated in some occasions from brain hemispheres comprising a larger SBH. Lastly, SWDs exhibited absence‐like pharmacological properties, being temporarily alleviated by ethosuximide administration.SignificanceThis novel model of bilateral SBH with spontaneous epilepsy may potentially provide valuable new insights into causality between cortical malformations and seizures, and help translational research aiming at designing novel treatment strategies for epilepsy.
Genetic analyses reveal complex dynamics within a marine fish management area
Authors: Hemmer‐Hansen Jakob , Hüssy Karin , Baktoft Henrik , Huwer Bastian , Bekkevold Dorte , Haslob Holger , Herrmann Jens‐Peter , Hinrichsen Hans‐Harald , Krumme Uwe , Mosegaard Henrik , Nielsen Einar Eg , Reusch Thorsten B. H. , Storr‐Paulsen Marie , Velasco Andres , von Dewitz Burkhard , Dierking Jan , Eero Margit 
Published: December 2018

AbstractGenetic data have great potential for improving fisheries management by identifying the fundamental management units—that is, the biological populations—and their mixing. However, so far, the number of practical cases of marine fisheries management using genetics has been limited. Here, we used Atlantic cod in the Baltic Sea to demonstrate the applicability of genetics to a complex management scenario involving mixing of two genetically divergent populations. Specifically, we addressed several assumptions used in the current assessment of the two populations. Through analysis of 483 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) distributed across the Atlantic cod genome, we confirmed that a model of mechanical mixing, rather than hybridization and introgression, best explained the pattern of genetic differentiation. Thus, the fishery is best monitored as a mixed‐stock fishery. Next, we developed a targeted panel of 39 SNPs with high statistical power for identifying population of origin and analyzed more than 2,000 tissue samples collected between 2011 and 2015 as well as 260 otoliths collected in 2003/2004. These data provided high spatial resolution and allowed us to investigate geographical trends in mixing, to compare patterns for different life stages and to investigate temporal trends in mixing. We found similar geographical trends for the two time points represented by tissue and otolith samples and that a recently implemented geographical management separation of the two populations provided a relatively close match to their distributions. In contrast to the current assumption, we found that patterns of mixing differed between juveniles and adults, a signal likely linked to the different reproductive dynamics of the two populations. Collectively, our data confirm that genetics is an operational tool for complex fisheries management applications. We recommend focussing on developing population assessment models and fisheries management frameworks to capitalize fully on the additional information offered by genetically assisted fisheries monitoring.
Portal hypertension in hepatitis B‐related cirrhosis: Diagnostic accuracy of liver and spleen stiffness by 2‐D shear‐wave elastography
Authors: Zhu Yu‐li , Ding Hong , Fu Tian‐tian , Peng Shi‐yun , Chen Shi‐yao , Luo Jian‐jun , Wang Wen‐ping 
Published: December 2018

AimTo assess the diagnostic accuracy of liver and spleen stiffness measured by 2‐D shear‐wave elastography (SWE) in evaluation of clinically significant and severe portal hypertension (CSPH and SPH, respectively).MethodsClinical data of 155 hepatitis B‐related cirrhosis patients and their liver and spleen stiffness (L‐SWE and S‐SWE, respectively) were collected. The diagnostic performances of L‐SWE, S‐SWE, the liver stiffness–spleen diameter to platelet ratio score (LSPS) and portal hypertension risk score were evaluated.ResultsOne hundred and four patients were eligible for analysis. Clinically significant and severe PH were detected in 84 and 74 patients, respectively. Liver and spleen stiffness were significantly correlated with hepatic venous pressure gradient in overall, CSPH, and SPH groups (rL = 0.607, 0.554, and 0.412; rS = 0.665, 0.566, and 0.467, respectively; all P < 0.05). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curves of L‐SWE, S‐SWE, LSPS, and PH risk score were 0.72 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.49–0.95), 0.81 (95% CI, 0.55–0.97), 0.76 (95% CI, 0.51–0.96), and 0.73 (95% CI, 0.55–0.88) for CSPH, and 0.77 (95% CI, 0.51–0.93), 0.85 (95% CI, 0.59–0.96), 0.80 (95% CI, 0.58–0.98), and 0.80 (95% CI, 0.59–0.93) for SPH. The best cut‐off of L‐SWE for determining CSPH and SPH were 16.1 kPa (sensitivity, 78%; specificity, 72%) and 23.5 kPa (sensitivity, 81%; specificity, 79%). For S‐SWE, the best cut‐offs were 25.3 kPa (sensitivity, 85%; specificity, 79%) and 33.4 kPa (sensitivity, 74%; specificity, 70%). A cut‐off of L‐SWE <13.2 kPa or S‐SWE <23.2 kPa was able to rule out CSPH, whereas a cut‐off of L‐SWE >24.9 kPa or S‐SWE >34.2 kPa was able to rule in CSPH.ConclusionsLiver and spleen stiffness measured by 2‐D SWE are reliable and promising non‐invasive parameters to assess CSPH and SPH.
The association between patients’ expectations and experiences of task‐, affect‐ and therapy‐oriented communication and their anxiety in medically unexplained symptoms consultations
Authors: Houwen Juul , Moorthaemer Bas J. E. , Lucassen Peter L. B. J. , Akkermans Reinier P. , Assendelft Willem J. J. , olde Hartman Tim C. , van Dulmen Sandra 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBackgroundIt is unknown whether patients with medically unexplained symptoms (MUS) differ from patients with medically explained symptoms (MES) regarding their expectations and experiences on task‐oriented communication (ie, communication in which the primary focus is on exchanging medical content), affect‐oriented communication (ie, communication in which the primary focus is on the emotional aspects of the interaction) and therapy‐oriented communication (ie, communication in which the primary focus is on therapeutic aspects) of the consultation and the extent to which GPs meet their expectations.ObjectiveThis study aims to explore (a) differences in patients’ expectations and experiences in consultations with MUS patients and patients with MES and (b) the influence of patients’ experiences in these consultations on their post‐visit anxiety level.Study designProspective cohort.SettingEleven Dutch general practices.MeasurementsPatients completed the QUOTE‐COMM (Quality Of communication Through the patients’ Eyes) questionnaire before and after the consultation to assess their expectations and experiences and these were related to changes in patients’ state anxiety (abbreviated State‐Trait Anxiety Inventory; STAI).ResultsExpectations did not differ between patients with MUS and MES. Patients presenting with either MUS or MES rated their experiences for task‐related and affect‐oriented communication of their GP higher than their expectations. GPs met patients’ expectations less often on task‐oriented communication in MUS patients compared to MES patients (70.2% vs 80.9%; P = ˂0.001). Affect‐oriented communication seems to be most important in reducing the anxiety level of MUS patients (β −0.63, 95% Cl = −1.07 to −0.19).DiscussionAlthough the expectations of MUS patients are less often met compared to those of MES patients, GPs often communicate according to patients’ expectations. Experiencing affect‐oriented communication is associated with a stronger reduction in anxiety in patients with MUS than in those with MES.ConclusionGPs communicate according to patients’ expectations. However, GPs met patients’ expectations on task‐oriented communication less often in patients with MUS compared to patients with MES. Experiencing affect‐oriented communication had a stronger association with the post‐consultation anxiety for patients with MUS than MES.
CD30‐positive cutaneous extranodal natural killer/T‐cell lymphoma: clinicopathological features and survival outcomes
Authors: Lee Woo Jin , Moon Ik Jun , Shin Ho Jeong , Won Chong Hyun , Chang Sung Eun , Choi Jee Ho , Lee Mi Woo 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBackgroundThe prognostic value of CD30 expression in cutaneous extranodal natural killer/T‐cell lymphoma is controversial.MethodsClinicopathological features, survival outcomes, and prognostic implications of CD30 were retrospectively analyzed in 55 patients with cutaneous extranodal natural killer/T‐cell lymphoma. We classified patients into (i) primary cutaneous extranodal natural killer/T‐cell lymphoma and (ii) cutaneous extranodal natural killer/T‐cell lymphoma secondary to nasal disease depending on the primary tumor site.ResultsCD30+ cutaneous extranodal natural killer/T‐cell lymphoma was more common in patients with cutaneous extranodal natural killer/T‐cell lymphoma secondary to nasal disease than in those with primary cutaneous disease. CD30+ cases were more likely to present nodular lesions or cellulitis‐like swelling than CD30− cases. Histologically, CD30+ cutaneous extranodal natural killer/T‐cell lymphoma predominantly comprised large tumor cells compared with CD30− cases. However, the clinical morphology and tumor cell size were not associated with survival outcomes. CD30 expression was associated with better survival outcomes in patients with cutaneous extranodal natural killer/T‐cell lymphoma secondary to nasal disease.ConclusionCD30+ cutaneous extranodal natural killer/T‐cell lymphoma presented peculiar clinicopathological features and had more favorable disease course in patients with cutaneous dissemination from nasal disease.
Characterisation of peanut protein concentrates from industrial aqueous extraction processing prepared by spray and freeze drying methods
Authors: Liu Junjun , Li Pengfei , Jiang Zhumao , Yang Ruijin , Zhang Wenbin 
Published: December 2018

SummaryPeanut protein concentrates (PPCs) were prepared by aqueous extraction processing (AEP), organic solvent extraction processing (SEP) and prepress‐organic solvent extraction processing (P‐SEP) and converted into powder by freeze and spray drying. The drying method showed an influence on the surface morphology and second structure of PPCs. Peanut protein concentrates of AEP were found to have lower protein contents, solubility and higher surface hydrophobicity, resulted in similar emulsion ability index (EAI) values and lower emulsion stability index (ESI) and water‐holding capacity (WHC) values compared to PPCs of SEP and P‐SEP. Foaming capacity was barely affected by oil extraction processing and drying methods, foaming stability was significantly influenced by oil extraction processing. Freeze‐dried PPCs had higher solubility, WHC and fat absorption capacity than spray‐dried PPCs, which was not the case for EAI and ESI. Hence, PPCs of AEP showed adequate functional properties, making AEP more appropriate for phytoprotein beverages.
TACI expression and plasma cell differentiation are impaired in the absence of functional IκBNS
Authors: Khoenkhoen Sharesta , Erikson Elina , Ádori Monika , Stark Julian M , Scholz Jean L , Cancro Michael P , Pedersen Gabriel K , Karlsson Hedestam Gunilla B 
Published: December 2018

AbstractImpaired classical NF‐κB pathway signaling causes reduced antibody responses to T‐independent (TI) antigens. We investigated the potential reasons for defective TI responses in mice lacking the atypical inhibitory kappa B (IκB) protein of the NF‐κB pathway, IκBNS. Analyses of the plasma cell compartment in vitro and in vivo after challenge with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) showed significant decreases in the frequencies of plasma cells in the absence of IκBNS. In vitro activation of B cells via the B cell receptor or via Toll‐like receptor 4 revealed that early activation events were unaffected in IκBNS‐deficient B cells, while proliferation was reduced compared to in similarly stimulated wildtype (wt) B cells. IκBNS‐deficient B cells also displayed impaired upregulation of the transmembrane activator and calcium modulator cyclophilin ligand interactor (TACI), which is essential for TI responses, and decreased sensitivity to TACI ligands upon stimulation. Furthermore, IκBNS‐deficient B cells, in contrast to wt B cells, displayed altered expression of IRF4, Blimp‐1 and Pax5 upon LPS‐induced differentiation, indicating impaired transcriptional regulation of plasma cell generation.
First‐principles study, fabrication, and characterization of (Hf0.2Zr0.2Ta0.2Nb0.2Ti0.2)C high‐entropy ceramic
Authors: Ye Beilin , Wen Tongqi , Huang Kehan , Wang Cai‐Zhuang , Chu Yanhui 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe formation possibility of (Hf0.2Zr0.2Ta0.2Nb0.2Ti0.2)C high‐entropy ceramic (HHC‐1) was first analyzed by the first‐principles calculations, and then, it was successfully fabricated by hot‐pressing sintering technique at 2073 K under a pressure of 30 MPa. The first‐principles calculation results showed that the mixing enthalpy and mixing entropy of HHC‐1 were −0.869 ± 0.290 kJ/mol and 0.805R, respectively. The experimental results showed that the as‐prepared HHC‐1 not only had an interesting single rock‐salt crystal structure of metal carbides but also possessed high compositional uniformity from nanoscale to microscale. By taking advantage of these unique features, it exhibited extremely high nanohardness of 40.6 ± 0.6 GPa and elastic modulus in the range from 514 ± 10 to 522 ± 10 GPa and relatively high electrical resistivity of 91 ± 1.3 μΩ·cm, which could be due to the presence of solid solution effects.
MiR‐552 promotes the proliferation, migration and EMT of hepatocellular carcinoma cells by inhibiting AJAP1 expression
Authors: Qu Weiqing , Wen Xinyuan , Su Keli , Gou Wei 
Published: December 2018

AbstractOur goal was to explore the function of miR‐552 and its potential target AJAP1 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) oncogenesis and progression. In this study, bioinformatics analysis was performed to detect abnormally expressed miRNAs. The relationship between miR‐552 and AJAP1 was validated using luciferase reporter assays. RT‐qPCR and Western blot assays were applied to explore the expression level of miR‐552, AJAP1 and epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers. HCC cell proliferation was examined using CCK8 assays, while migration and invasion were investigated using Transwell assays. Nude mouse tumourigenesis models were established to facilitate observation of HCC progression in vivo. Finally, prognostic analysis was performed to discover how the prognosis of HCC patients correlated with miR‐552 and AJAP1 expression. MiR‐552 overexpression in HCC cells promoted HCC cell migration, invasion and EMT by targeting/suppressing AJAP1. Poorer prognosis appeared in HCC patients with higher miR‐552 expression or lower AJAP1 levels. Our findings suggested that miR‐552 promotes HCC oncogenesis and progression by inhibiting AJAP1 expression.
A sex pheromone‐baited trapping system for management of sweetpotato weevil, Cylas formicarius (Coleoptera: Brentidae)
Authors: Dilipkumar Masilamany , Erwan‐Shah Shari , Anuar Abdullah , Sivapragasam Annamalai 
Published: December 2018

AbstractA potent male attractant of sweetpotato weevil helps in monitoring and control of sweetpotato weevil in many production areas around the world. At present, it has not been used in Malaysia. Cost of the components of a trapping system is a major constraint in the adoption of male lure‐baited trapping by growers in Malaysia. Seven field trapping experiments were conducted from February 2013 to November 2015 as part of an effort to develop a simple, easy to construct, cost‐effective and efficient sex pheromone‐baited trap acceptable for use by farmers in Malaysia for monitoring and control of sweetpotato weevil (Cylas formicarius Fabricius). Overall, sweetpotato weevil trap catch was significantly affected by the number of windows in the trap, the killing agent used in the trap and the position of the trap relative to sweetpotato foliage, while trap size and trap colour did not significantly affect trap catch. Trap catch was best in plastic pole traps made from polyethylene terephthalate, with four window opening to facilitate weevil entry, with detergent solution as a killing agent and with the trap positioned from 0 to 40 cm above the crop canopy level. In a comparison study with commercial trap designs, sex pheromone‐baited plastic pole traps caught 60%–78% more weevils than were caught in sex pheromone‐baited delta traps, wing traps or unitraps. Optimization of trap characteristics is important for improving the performance of pheromone‐baited traps for use in population monitoring or mass‐trapping efforts to minimize crop damage by sweetpotato weevil infestation.
Peripherally acting μ‐opioid antagonist for the treatment of opioid‐induced constipation: Systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Nishie Kenichi , Yamamoto Shuhei , Yamaga Takayoshi , Horigome Naoto , Hanaoka Masayuki 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBackground and AimOpioid‐induced constipation (OIC) is a frequent adverse event (AE) that impairs patients' quality of life (QOL). Peripherally acting μ‐opioid receptor antagonists (PAMORAs) have been recognized as a treatment option for OIC, but the effect consistent across the studies has not been evaluated.MethodsWe conducted a quantitative meta‐analysis to explore the efficacy of PAMORA for OIC (registered with PROSPERO: CRD42018085298). We systematically searched randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in Medline, Embase, and Central databases. Change from baseline in spontaneous bowel movements, pooled proportion of responders, QOL, and AEs were calculated and compared with results in placebo cases.ResultsWe included 31 RCTs with 7849 patients. A meta‐analysis revealed that patients under PAMORA therapy had considerably improved spontaneous bowel movement from baseline compared with those given placebo (20 RCTs; mean difference, 1.43; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.18–1.68; n = 5622) and more responded (21 RCTs; risk ratio [RR], 1.81; 95% CI, 1.55–2.12; n = 4821). Moreover, QOL of patients receiving PAMORA was significantly better (8 RCTs; mean difference, −0.22; 95% CI, −0.28 to −0.17; n = 2884). AEs were increased significantly in the PAMORA group (26 RCTs; RR, 1.10; 95% CI, 1.06–1.15; n = 7715), especially in gastrointestinal disorders, whereas serious AEs were not significant (17 RCTs; RR, 1.04; 95% CI, 0.85–1.28; n = 5890).ConclusionPeripherally acting μ‐opioid receptor antagonist has been shown to be effective and durable for patients with OIC and is the only drug with confirmed evidence in meta‐analysis. The possibility of publication bias was the limitation of this study.
Control of grain size by G protein signaling in rice
Authors: Xu Ran , Li Na , Li Yunhai 
Published: December 2018

AbstractHeterotrimeric G proteins are involved in multiple cellular processes in eukaryotes by sensing and transducing various signals. G protein signaling in plants is quite different from that in animals, and the mechanisms of plant G protein signaling are still largely unknown. Several recent studies have provided new insights into the mechanisms of G protein signaling in rice grain size and yield control. In this review, we summarize recent advances on the function of G proteins in rice grain size control and discuss the potential genetic and molecular mechanisms of plant G protein signaling.