bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The relationship between basic, instrumental, and advanced activities of daily living and executive functioning in geriatric patients with neurocognitive disorders
Authors: Cornelis Elise , Gorus Ellen , Van Schelvergem Nele , De Vriendt Patricia 
Published: February 2019

ObjectiveAlthough many studies explored the relationship between executive functions (EF) and activities of daily living (ADLs) in cognitive disorders, previous studies used measurements without well‐defined levels of ADLs. This study explored the relationship between EF and the threefold classification of everyday functioning (basic or b‐, instrumental or i‐, and advanced or a‐ADLs) and examined how EF account for the variance in this triad of everyday functioning.MethodsA sample of 44 cognitively healthy persons, 41 persons with mild cognitive impairment, and 35 persons with Alzheimer disease were assessed with comprehensive measures of EF and the b‐, i‐, and a‐ADL tools.ResultsCorrelations demonstrated that subjects with higher executive dysfunctions have more limitations in b‐, i‐, and a‐ADLs. The highest significant correlations with measures of EF were seen in i‐ and a‐ADLs (ranging from r = −0.193 to r = −0.559, P < 0.05). However, correlations with a‐ADLs were not stronger than with i‐ADLs. The multivariate analyses revealed Trail Making Test A (TMT‐A) as a significant contributor of everyday functioning in b‐ADLs, as well as i‐ and a‐ADLs, and Clock Drawing Test (CDT) and Animal Fluency Test (AFT) seemed to contribute significantly to variance in i‐ and a‐ADLs.ConclusionsEF are less related to b‐ADLs than i‐ and a‐ADLs and contribute to the same amount of variance to limitations in both i‐ and a‐ADLs. This study recommends using the TMT‐A, CDT, and AFT as screening tools to indicate the need for profound evaluation of ADLs in older persons with neurocognitive disorders.
Increased picture–word interference in chronic and recreational users of cocaine
Authors: Ruiz Manuel J. , Colzato Lorenza S. , Bajo María Teresa , Paolieri Daniela 
Published: February 2019

AbstractObjectiveThe correct production of speech depends on the effective use of inhibitory control. Cocaine abuse has been linked to impaired inhibition in the verbal and nonverbal domains. The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible impairment of the inhibitory control process engaged in the production of language among chronic cocaine users, both in rehabilitation and recreational contexts.MethodResearchers obtained an index of semantic interference from a picture–word task performed by chronic cocaine users in rehabilitation (Experiment 1) and recreational cocaine polydrug users (Experiment 2). Cocaine users in both groups were matched for age and intelligence with cocaine‐free health controls. Performance on the picture–word task was analyzed by repeated‐measures analyses of variance.ResultsBoth groups of cocaine users showed significantly more semantic interference than their respective cocaine‐free control group. These results suggest a deficit in the ability to inhibit interfering information.ConclusionsThe present findings suggest that cocaine use, even at recreational levels, is associated with specific impairments in the inhibitory mechanism that reduces the activation of overt competing responses in language production. This impairment results in the inefficient avoidance of irrelevant information, inducing errors and slower responses during the production of spoken language.
Immune characteristics correlating with HSV‐1 immune control and effect of squaric acid dibutyl ester on immune characteristics of subjects with frequent herpes labialis episodes
Authors: McTavish Hugh , Zerebiec Katherine W. , Zeller Jay C. , Shekels Laurie L. , Matson Mark A. , Kren Betsy T. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractIntroductionDifferences in immune characteristics, including immune gene expression by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), correlating with herpes labialis and good or poor immune control of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV‐1), and how these characteristics change after dosing with squaric acid dibutyl ester (SADBE), were investigated.MethodsPBMCs were collected from persons positive for IgG against HSV‐1 and having frequent, infrequent, or no herpes labialis outbreaks. The PBMCs were tested for proliferation against HSV‐1 and a fungal antigen (Candida) and immune gene expression in the presence of HSV‐1 and Candida. On day 1 after blood collection the subjects with frequent outbreaks were dosed topically on the arm once with SADBE, and their PBMCs were collected and tested 8 weeks later.ResultsThose with good immune control of their HSV‐1 infection (fewer outbreaks) differ from those with poorer immune control in these ways: (1) Greater PBMC proliferation in vitro to HSV‐1, HSV‐1‐infected cell extracts, and Candida considered together (P < 0.01). (2) Higher expression of IFNG and five other immune‐related genes (P < 0.05 for each) and lower expression of IL5 and two other immune‐related genes (P < 0.05 for each) in PBMCs in vitro stimulated with HSV‐1 virus. The subjects with frequent outbreaks were treated once with SADBE, and 56 days later the PBMCs of these subjects differed from PBMCs from the same subjects taken on day 1 before treatment in exactly the same ways listed above as differences between those with good and poor immune control of HSV‐1, and at the same levels of significance.ConclusionsHigher IFNG and lower IL5 expression by PBMCs in the presence of HSV‐1 correlate with fewer herpes labialis outbreaks, and a single topical dose of SADBE to the arm of subjects with frequent herpes labialis episodes improves immune response to HSV‐1.
Natural Products from Diaporthe arecae with Anti‐Angiogenic Activity
Authors: Chang Fang‐Rong , Wang Shih‐Wei , Li Chi‐Ying , Lu Yen‐Yi , Vanson Liu Shang‐Yin , Chen Ching‐Yeu , Wu Yang‐Chang , Cheng Yuan‐Bin 
Published: February 2019

AbstractA new indoleglycerol, designated as arecine (1), and twenty‐three known diketopiperazines 2–24 were isolated from the endophytic fungus Diaporthe arecae associated with mangrove Kandelia obovate. Structures of all secondary metabolites 1–24 were identified on the basis of their spectrometric data, especially the nuclear magnetic resonance, optical rotation, and mass data. The absolute stereochemistry of compound 1 was determined by comparing its experimental electronic circular dichroism spectrum to those of in silico generated. Moreover, the 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopic data of isolated diketopiperazines 3–24 were measured in dimethyl sulfoxide‐d6 and presented in Table 2 for a convenient comparison. Pharmacological study showed cordysinin A (2) possessed mild anti‐angiogenic activity, which suppressed tube formation with an IC50 value of 15.1±0.2 μg/mL.
Long noncoding RNA MALAT1 mediates high glucose‐induced glomerular endothelial cell injury by epigenetically inhibiting klotho via methyltransferase G9a
Authors: Li Yebei , Ren Daijin , Xu Gaosi 
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACTSeveral recent reporters have indicated the potential role of long noncoding RNA metastasis associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1) in diabetic nephropathy (DN). However, these studies mainly focus on renal tubular epithelial cells HK‐2, the role of MALAT1 in human renal glomerular endothelial cells (HRGECs) remains unclear. Hence, this study aimed to explore the role of MALAT1 in high glucose (HG)‐induced HRGECs injury and the underlying epigenetic mechanism. Increased MALAT1 and decreased klotho expression were observed in both renal tissues from DN patients and HG‐exposed HRGECs. Furthermore, MALAT1 expression was negatively correlated with klotho expression. Moreover, both MALAT1 knockdown and klotho overexpression significantly abolished the HG‐induced HRGECs injury. Importantly, klotho overexpression reversed the MALAT1 overexpression‐mediated enhancement of the HG‐induced HRGECs injury. In addition, MALAT1 recruited G9a to elevate H3K9me1, which can bind to the klotho promoter and thus inhibited klotho transcription. In conclusion, MALAT recruits methyltransferase G9a to elevate H3K9me1 and epigenetically inhibits klotho expression, and thus mediates HG‐induced glomerular endothelial cell injury. © 2019 IUBMB Life, 1–9, 2019
Retracted: In vitro genotoxicity assessment of nickel(II) oxide nanoparticles on lymphocytes of human peripheral blood
Authors: Dumala Naresh , Mangalampalli Bhanuramya , Grover Paramjit 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe current study was intended to elucidate the cytotoxicity, genotoxicity ability of nickel oxide (NiO) nanoparticles (NPs) and assessment of preliminary mechanism of the toxicity. Characterization studies showed that NiO‐NPs have a particle size of 17.94 (±3.48) nm. The particle size of the NPs obtained by dynamic light scattering method in Milli‐Q and RPMI 1640 media was 189.9 (±17.1) and 285.9 (±19.6) nm, respectively. The IC50 concentration for NiO‐NPs after 24 hours of treatment was estimated as 23.58 μg/mL. Comet and cytokinesis‐block micronucleus assays revealed a significant dose‐ and time‐dependent genotoxic potential of NiO‐NPs. Morphological assessment of the lymphocytes upon exposure to NiO‐NPs showed that the mechanism of toxicity was apoptosis. Reactive oxygen species analysis and lipid peroxidation patterns were aligned with the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity endpoints. Thus, the preliminary mechanism of NiO‐NPs for cytotoxicity on lymphocytes was assumed to be oxidative stress‐mediated apoptosis and DNA damage. Furthermore, these NiO‐NPs are considered a potentially hazardous substance at environmentally significant levels. Further investigations are suggested to understand the immunotoxic effects of NiO‐NPs.
Ibandronate Treatment Before and After Implant Insertion Impairs Osseointegration in Aged Rats with Ovariectomy Induced Osteoporosis
Authors: Lotz Ethan M. , Cohen David J. , Ellis Regan A. , Wayne Jennifer S. , Schwartz Zvi , Boyan Barbara D. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractExcessive decreases in bone volume (BV) and bone mineral density (BMD) can lead to osteoporosis, potentially hindering implant osseointegration. Bisphosphonates are commonly used to combat osteoporosis by slowing osteoclast‐mediated resorption; however, functional osteoclasts are integral to bone remodeling and, thus, implant osseointegration, potentially contraindicating bisphosphonate use during implantation. To optimize the use of implant technologies in patients with compromised bone structure and metabolism, we need a more complete understanding of the biological response to surface design. The goal of this study was to assess the effects of osteoporosis and bisphosphonates on osseointegration of titanium (Ti) implants with microstructured surfaces, which have been shown to support osteoblast differentiation in vitro and rapid osseointegration in vivo. Forty, 8‐month‐old, virgin, female CD Sprague Dawley rats underwent ovariectomy (OVX) or sham (SHOVX) surgery. After 5 weeks, animals were injected subcutaneously with either the bisphosphonate (BIS), Ibandronate (25 µg/kg), or phosphate‐buffered saline (PBS) every 25 days. 1 week after the initial injection, Ø2.5mm × 3.5mm microrough (SLA; grit‐blasted/acid etched) implants were placed transcortically in the distal metaphysis of each femur resulting in four groups: 1) SHOVX+PBS; 2) SHOVX+BIS; 3) OVX+PBS; and 4) OVX+BIS. After 28d, qualitative properties of the bone and implant osseointegration were assessed using micro‐computed tomography (microCT), calcified histomorphometry (Van Gieson's stain), and removal torque testing. microCT revealed decreased bone volume in OVX rats, which was slowed by bisphosphonate treatment. Reduced bone‐to‐implant contact (BIC) was evident in OVX+PBS compared to SHOVX+PBS. Although BV/TV was increased in OVX+BIS compared to OVX+PBS, bisphosphonate treatment had no effect on BIC. Removal torque testing revealed a higher maximum torque, torsional stiffness, and torsional energy in SHOVX compared to OVX with no effects due to bisphosphonate treatment. Our results show that osseointegration is decreased in osteoporotic animals. Ibandronate halts the progression of osteoporosis but does not enhance osseointegration. © 2019 The Authors. JBMR Plus Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research
The Zarankiewicz problem in 3‐partite graphs
Authors: Tait Michael , Timmons Craig 
Published: February 2019

AbstractLet be a graph, be an integer, and write for the maximum number of edges in an ‐vertex graph that is ‐partite and has no subgraph isomorphic to . The function has been studied by many researchers. Finding is a special case of the Zarankiewicz problem. We prove an analog of the Kövári‐Sós‐Turán theorem for 3‐partite graphs by showing
urn:x-wiley:10638539:media:jcd21654:jcd21654-math-0009 for . Using Sidon sets constructed by Bose and Chowla, we prove that this upper bound is asymptotically best possible in the case that and is odd, that is, for . In the cases of and , we use a result of Allen, Keevash, Sudakov, and Verstraëte, to show that a similar upper bound holds for all and gives a better constant when . Finally, we point out an interesting connection between difference families from design theory and .
Multiple‐microarray analysis for identification of hub genes involved in tubulointerstial injury in diabetic nephropathy
Authors: Zeng Mengru , Liu Jialu , Yang Wenxia , Zhang Shumin , Liu Fuyou , Dong Zheng , Peng Youming , Sun Lin , Xiao Li 
Published: February 2019

AbstractDiabetic nephropathy (DN) is a primary cause of renal failure. However, studies providing renal gene expression profiles of diabetic tubulointerstitial injury are scarce and its molecular mechanisms still await clarification. To identify vital genes involved in the diabetic tubulointerstitial injury, three microarray data sets from gene expression omnibus (GEO) were downloaded. A total of 127 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified by limma package. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) plots showed that sister chromatid cohesion was the most significant enriched gene set positively correlated with the DN group while retinoid X receptor binding was the most significant enriched gene set positively correlated with the control group. Enriched Gene Ontology (GO) annotations and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways of DEGs mostly included extracellular matrix organization, extracellular space, extracellular matrix structural constituent, and Staphylococcus aureus infection. Twenty hub genes from three significant modules were ascertained by Cytoscape. Correlation analysis and subgroup analysis between hub genes and clinical features of DN showed that ALB, ANXA1, APOH, C3, CCL19, COL1A2, COL3A1, COL4A1, COL6A3, CXCL6, DCN, EGF, HRG, KNG1, LUM, SERPINA3, SPARC, SRGN, and TIMP1 may involve in diabetic tubulointerstitial injury. ConnectivityMap analysis indicated the most significant three compounds are 5182598, thapsigargin and 5224221. In conclusion, this study may provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying diabetic tubulointerstitial injury as well as potential targets for diagnosis and therapeutics of DN.
Environmental sustainability assessment of the manufacturing process of a biological active pharmaceutical ingredient
Authors: Renteria Gamiz Ana Gabriela , De Soete Wouter , Heirman Bert , Dahlin Philip , De Meester Steven , Dewulf Jo 
Published: February 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDAlthough the biopharmaceutical market grows rapidly, the environmental impacts of biopharmaceutical manufacturing have been hardly evaluated. The aim of the study is to comprehensively assess the environmental sustainability of a biologically‐produced active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) manufacturing process. For this purpose, an exergy analysis and an (exergetic) life cycle assessment were performed using primary (foreground system) and modeled data (background system). Infliximab, a monoclonal antibody, was considered.RESULTSThe fermentation and its raw materials' supply chain was determined to have the highest environmental impact, since the culture media requires chemicals and complex compounds such as animal‐derived materials (ADMs). The total impact per 100 mg of API produced ranged between 18.6 and 101.8 MJex and 2.0–3.1 kg CO2‐eq, mainly as a function of the ADMs' source. A comparison of infliximab and ustekinumab, a biopharmaceutical produced without ADMs, showed that eliminating these materials can reduce the cumulative resource consumption of monoclonal antibody manufacturing by up to 7.5 times. The fermentation is the process taking the longest and the heating, ventilation and air conditioning system which support fermentation areas consumes approximately 75% of all plant electricity use.CONCLUSIONSCulture media nutrients and cleanroom requirements are driving factors in the environmental impact of biological API manufacturing. Obtaining more precise data of the bioprocesses behind these nutrients' supply chain is crucial to corroborating this study's results. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Towards C1 chemistry: methanol vinylation by CaC2 in water in the presence of potassium or sodium carbonates
Authors: Parshina Lidiya N , Oparina Ludmila A , Gusarova Nina K , Trofimov Boris A 
Published: February 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDMethyl vinyl ether (MVE), which polymers and copolymers are widely used in industry and medical chemistry, is produced mainly through base‐catalysed vinylation of methanol with acetylene under pressure. The most well‐known and sustainable acetylene source is calcium carbide. Significant economic benefits can be achieved by using calcium carbide as the source of acetylene directly in the industrial production of MVE.RESULTSEco‐friendly and operationally simple method for vinylation of methanol, one of a major objects of C1 chemistry, using calcium carbide in water in the presence of potassium or sodium carbonates (140–150 °C, 1‐L steel rotating autoclave, maximum autogenic pressure 18–30 atm) has been developed and realized on 10‐g scale. The major co‐product of this reaction is a mixture of calcium hydroxide and calcium carbonate with minor content of potassium or sodium carbonates, which can be safely used for improving acidic soils.CONCLUSIONNovel efficient method for vinylation of methanol with calcium carbide in water in the presence of alkali metal carbonates has been developed. The method allows avoiding acetylene gas under pressure that demands special equipment and safety measures. The major advantages of this technology are also availability and low cost of the catalysts. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
A review of nanoparticle‐enhanced membrane distillation membranes: membrane synthesis and applications in water treatment
Authors: Nthunya Lebea N , Gutierrez Leonardo , Derese Sebastiaan , Nxumalo Edward N , Verliefde Arne R , Mamba Bhekie B , Mhlanga Sabelo D 
Published: February 2019

AbstractMembrane distillation (MD) is a thermally driven process that uses low‐grade energy to operate and has been extensively explored as an alternative cost‐effective and efficient water treatment process compared to conventional membrane processes. MD membranes are synthesized from hydrophobic polymers, e.g. polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) or polypropylene (PP), using various methods including phase inversion and electrospinning techniques. Recent literature on MD membranes clearly shows their important role in surface water/wastewater treatment and seawater desalination. Modification of MD membranes with nanoscale materials significantly improves their performance, preventing wetting and fouling. This review presents a critical assessment of the progress on the use of nanomaterials for the modification of MD membranes. The techniques commonly used to synthesize MD membranes, the modifications that have been adopted for the incorporation of nanomaterials onto membranes, and the unique properties these nanomaterials impart on the membranes are discussed. The use of modified membranes in different MD configurations and their application in groundwater, surface water, wastewater, brackish water and seawater treatment is reviewed. Finally, cost implications, commercial viability, environmental sustainability, and future prospects of MD are also discussed to elucidate promising approaches for a future and successful implementation of MD at an industrial scale. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Hepatitis B virus surface gene mutants in immunoprophylaxis‐failed infants from Southern China
Authors: Huang Yong , Wang Bo , Peng Zhi , Tang Ni , Chen Weixian 
Published: February 2019

AbstractHepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination was considered the most powerful tool for prevention of HBV transmission from mother to infant. In 1992, a universal HBV vaccination program for infants was launched in China. The aim of this study was to investigate the HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) variations in immunoprophylaxis‐failed infants, vaccine free infant patients and adult chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients (without nucleoside analog treatment). Immunoprophylaxis‐failed infants were recruited from two centers (Guangdong and Chongqing, representing Southern China). HBV serum markers, including HBsAg, hepatitis e antigen (HBeAg), and core antigen, were detected by the enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. HBV DNA load was detected by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Nucleotide sequences encoding HBsAg were amplified and analyzed. Frequencies of amino acid substitutions within the second loop of “a” determinant (region with greater local hydrophilicity) in immunoprophylaxis‐failed infants were clearly higher than the unvaccinated infant patients and adult CHB patients (9.6% vs 0% vs 3.8%; χ
2 = 7.454;
P = 0.024). More than 50% (52.8%) aa substitutions in immunoprophylaxis‐failed infants were located in B cell epitopes, while 64.6% aa substitutions in adult CHB patients were located in CTL cell epitopes. HBeAg negative patients had higher substitution frequency in CTL and Th cell epitopes, and in immunoprophylaxis‐failed infant patients with substitution in major hydrophilic region region had a higher alanine aminotransferase level (68.6 ± 111.5 vs 62.1 ± 132.2;
P = 0.026), and lower DNA load (7.03 ± 1.72 vs 7.82 ± 1.73;
P < 0.001). In conclusion, our results observed vaccine‐induced immune selection pressure in vaccine failed infants, substitutions in “a” determinant, especially the G145 substitution was still the most stable and remarkable site of vaccine escape.
Cationic surfactant regulated synthesis of Au nanorods for sensitive detection of negatively charged colorants by surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy
Authors: Qin Miao , Li Pan , Zhou Xia , Zhu Jun , Wang Hongyan , Yang Liangbao 
Published: February 2019

AbstractAlthough surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) has recently emerged as a powerful analytical tool, its widespread use is hindered by several inherent problems (e.g., low reproducibility) that need to be solved before further progress is possible. Herein, we used dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide (DTAB), N‐dodecyl‐N‐2‐hydroxyethyl‐N,N‐dimethylammonium bromide (C12HDAB), and N‐dodecyl‐N,N‐2‐dihydroxyethyl‐N‐methylammonium bromide (C12DHAB) as templates for the seed‐mediated growth of Au nanorods with different aspect ratios and probed the growth mechanism by a range of instrumental techniques. The prepared nanorods were used as substrates for SERS‐based detection of three negatively charged colorants (lemon yellow, orange II, and amaranth) and exhibited extraordinary SERS sensitivity for all of these targets. The highest sensitivity was observed in the case of C12DHAB‐capped nanorods, which was attributed to abundant hydrogen bonds between surfactants and targets and strong electrostatic adsorption of negatively charged colorants. Therefore, the above substrate was concluded to be well suited for real‐life applications.