bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enzyme Activities of Two Recombinant Heme-Containing Peroxidases,
Tv
DyP1 and
Tv
VP2, Identified from the Secretome of Trametesversicolor
Authors: Amara Sawsan , Perrot Thomas , Navarro David , Deroy Aurélie , Benkhelfallah Amine , Chalak Amani , Daou Marianne , Chevret Didier , Faulds Craig B. , Berrin Jean-Guy , Morel-Rouhier Mélanie , Gelhaye Eric , Record Eric 
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACT

Trametes
versicolor
is a wood-inhabiting agaricomycete known for its ability to cause strong white-rot decay on hardwood and for its high tolerance of phenolic compounds. The goal of the present work was to gain insights into the molecular biology and biochemistry of the heme-including class II and dye-decolorizing peroxidases secreted by this fungus. Proteomic analysis of the secretome of
T. versicolor
BRFM 1218 grown on oak wood revealed a set of 200 secreted proteins, among which were the dye-decolorizing peroxidase
Tv
DyP1 and the versatile peroxidase
Tv
VP2. Both peroxidases were heterologously produced in
Escherichia coli
, biochemically characterized, and tested for the ability to oxidize complex substrates. Both peroxidases were found to be active against several substrates under acidic conditions, and
Tv
DyP1 was very stable over a relatively large pH range of 2.0 to 6.0, while
Tv
VP2 was more stable at pH 5.0 to 6.0 only. The thermostability of both enzymes was also tested, and
Tv
DyP1 was globally found to be more stable than
Tv
VP2. After 180 min of incubation at temperatures ranging from 30 to 50°C, the activity of
Tv
VP2 drastically decreased, with 10 to 30% of the initial activity retained. Under the same conditions,
Tv
DyP1 retained 20 to 80% of its enzyme activity. The two proteins were catalytically characterized, and
Tv
VP2 was shown to accept a wider range of reducing substrates than
Tv
DyP1. Furthermore, both enzymes were found to be active against two flavonoids, quercetin and catechin, found in oak wood, with
Tv
VP2 displaying more rapid oxidation of the two compounds. They were tested for the ability to decolorize five industrial dyes, and
Tv
VP2 presented a greater ability to oxidize and decolorize the dye substrates than
Tv
DyP1.

IMPORTANCE
Trametes
versicolor
is a wood-inhabiting agaricomycete known for its ability to cause strong white-rot decay on hardwood and for its high tolerance of phenolic compounds. Among white-rot fungi, the basidiomycete
T. versicolor
has been extensively studied for its ability to degrade wood, specifically lignin, thanks to an extracellular oxidative enzymatic system. The corresponding oxidative system was previously studied in several works for classical lignin and manganese peroxidases, and in this study, two new components of the oxidative system of
T. versicolor
, one dye-decolorizing peroxidase and one versatile peroxidase, were biochemically characterized in depth and compared to other fungal peroxidases.
Parent-reported prevalence and persistence of 19 common child health conditions
Authors: Liu Tracy , Lingam Raghu , Lycett Kate , Mensah Fiona K , Muller Joshua , Hiscock Harriet , Huque Md Hamidul , Wake Melissa 
Published: February 2018

ObjectiveTo estimate prevalence and persistence of 19 common paediatric conditions from infancy to 14–15 years.DesignPopulation-based prospective cohort study.SettingAustralia.ParticipantsParallel cohorts assessed biennially from 2004 to 2014 from ages 0–1 and 4–5 years to 10–11 and 14–15 years, respectively, in the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children.Main outcome measures19 health conditions: 17 parent-reported, 2 (overweight/obesity, obesity) directly assessed. Two general measures: health status, special health care needs. Analysis: (1) prevalence estimated in 2-year age-bands and (2) persistence rates calculated at each subsequent time point for each condition among affected children.Results10 090 children participated in Wave 1 and 6717 in all waves. From age 2, more than 60% of children were experiencing at least one health condition at any age. Distinct prevalence patterns by age-bands comprised eight conditions that steadily rose (overweight/obesity, obesity, injury, anxiety/depression, frequent headaches, abdominal pain, autism spectrum disorder, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder). Six conditions fell with age (eczema, sleep problems, day-wetting, soiling, constipation, recurrent tonsillitis), three remained stable (asthma, diabetes, epilepsy) and two peaked in mid-childhood (dental decay, recurrent ear infections). Conditions were more likely to persist if present for 2 years; persistence was especially high for obesity beyond 6–7 (91.3%–95.1% persisting at 14–15).ConclusionsBeyond infancy, most Australian children are experiencing at least one ongoing health condition at any given time. This study’s age-specific estimates of prevalence and persistence should assist families and clinicians to plan care. Conditions showing little resolution (obesity, asthma, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder) require long-term planning and management.
Socioeconomic, religious, spiritual and health factors associated with symptoms of common mental disorders: a cross-sectional secondary analysis of data from Bhutan’s Gross National Happiness Study, 2015
Authors: Sithey Gyambo , Li Mu , Wen Li Ming , Kelly Patrick J , Clarke Kelly 
Published: February 2018

ObjectiveCommon mental disorders (CMDs) are a major cause of the global burden of disease. Bhutan was the first country in the world to focus on happiness as a state policy; however, little is known about the prevalence and risk factors of CMDs in this setting. We aim to identify socioeconomic, religious, spiritual and health factors associated with symptoms of CMDs.Design and settingWe used data from Bhutan’s 2015 Gross National Happiness (GNH) Survey, a multistage, cross-sectional nationwide household survey. Data were analysed using a hierarchical analytical framework and generalised estimating equations.ParticipantsThe GNH Survey included 7041 male and female respondents aged 15 years and above.MeasuresThe 12-item General Health Questionnaire was used to measure symptoms of CMDs. We estimated the prevalence of CMDs using a threshold score of ≥12.ResultsThe prevalence of CMDs was 29.3% (95% CI 26.8% to 31.8%). Factors associated with symptoms of CMDs were: older age (65+) (β=1.29, 95% CI 0.57 to 2.00), being female (β=0.70, 95% CI 0.45 to 0.95), being divorced or widowed (β=1.55, 95% CI 1.08 to 2.02), illiteracy (β=0.48, 95% CI 0.21 to 0.74), low income (β=0.37, 95% CI 0.15 to 0.59), being moderately spiritual (β=0.61, 95% CI 0.34 to 0.88) or somewhat or not spiritual (β=0.76, 95% CI 0.28 to 1.23), occasionally considering karma in daily life (β=0.53, 95% CI 0.29 to 0.77) or never considering karma (β=0.80, 95% CI 0.26 to 1.34), having poor self-reported health (β=2.59, 95% CI 2.13 to 3.06) and having a disability (β=1.01, 95% CI 0.63 to 1.40).ConclusionsCMDs affect a substantial proportion of the Bhutanese population. Our findings confirm the importance of established socioeconomic risk factors for CMDs, and suggest a potential link between spiritualism and mental health in this setting.
Understanding the characteristics of recurrent visits to the emergency department by paediatric patients: a retrospective observational study conducted at three tertiary hospitals in Korea
Authors: Kim Byung-Soo , Kim Jung-Youn , Choi Sung-Hyuk , Yoon Young-Hoon 
Published: February 2018

ObjectivesThe number of paediatric patients visiting the emergency department (ED) continues to rise. In South Korea, approximately 25% of the patients who visit the ED are paediatric patients. In the USA, about 20% of the paediatric population were found to have visited the ED in the past year. A recent study demonstrated that 4.5%–8% of patients account for 25% of all ED visits. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify the characteristics of recurrent visits.MethodsDesign: retrospective observational study. Setting: this study examined and analysed medical record data involving three tertiary EDs. Participants: a total of 46 237 ED visits by patients <16 years during 1-year period. Main outcome measures: data collected included the number of recurrent ED patients, frequency of recurrent visits, age, sex, insurance status, period until recurrent visit (days), main diagnosis and ED discharge results.ResultsExcluding patients with multiple visits, the total number of paediatric patients who fit the study criteria was 33 765. Among these patients, 23 384 (69.2%) had no recurrent ED visits in the subsequent year after their first visit. A total of 15 849 (46.8%) patients were toddlers (between age 1 and 4 years). In the patient group without a recurrent visit, fever was the most common diagnosis.ConclusionsOur study reviewed medical records to inspect the characteristics of patients who return to care. Higher recurrent visit frequency was associated with using the 119 rescue centre service, having a medical condition, with younger age and a higher rate of hospitalisation. Analysis of the factors associated with frequent ED visits will help to improve care for paediatric patients who visit the ED.
What factors mediate the inter-relationship between frailty and pain in cognitively and functionally sound older adults? A prospective longitudinal ageing cohort study in Taiwan
Authors: Chiou Jing-Hui , Liu Li-Kuo , Lee Wei-Ju , Peng Li-Ning , Chen Liang-Kung 
Published: February 2018

ObjectivesThe main aim was to investigate the complex inter-relationship between frailty and pain, and the mediating roles of cognitive function, morbidity and mood in this nexus.DesignA cross-sectional analysis.SettingA prospective community-dwelling population-based cohort.Participants1682 adults age ≥50 years without evident cognitive or functional impairment, or history of cancer.Primary and secondary outcome measuresThe mediating effect of depression, cognitive function and comorbidity on the nexus between pain and frailty among older and middle-aged adults.ResultsThe pain score among older subjects (≥65 years), increased with the degree of frailty (robust=0.96±0.82; pre-frail=1.13±0.86; frail=1.63±1.02; P<0.001); multivariate analysis gave the same result, while moderate pain was associated with frailty in older subjects (OR=3.00, 95% CI 1.30 to 6.60). Conversely, pain and frailty among middle-aged subjects (aged 50–64 years) did not appear to be significantly related; in mediation analysis, pain exerted an indirect effect on frailty via depression (indirect effect=0.03, 95% CI 0.01 to 0.07), while neither cognitive function nor comorbidity had any significant effect in mediating the relationship between pain and frailty.ConclusionIn cognitively and functionally sound community-dwelling adults aged ≥50 years, moderate pain was related to frailty in those older than 65 years, but not younger ones. Besides the direct influence of pain on frailty, depression partially mediated the pain–frailty nexus. The mechanism by which depression influences pain and frailty requires further investigation.
Urban green spaces and cancer: a protocol for a scoping review
Authors: Porcherie Marion , Lejeune Mathilde , Gaudel Marion , Pommier Jeanine , Faure Emmanuelle , Heritage Zoé , Rican Stéphane , Simos Jean , Cantoreggi Nicola Luca , Roué Le Gall Anne , Cambon Linda , Regnaux Jean-Philippe 
Published: February 2018

IntroductionGreen space in the built environment is an important topic on the health agenda today. Studies have shown that access to green spaces is associated with better mental and physical health, yet green spaces can also be detrimental to health if they are not managed appropriately. Despite the increasing interest in urban green spaces, little research has so far been conducted into the links between green spaces and cancer.ObjectiveThe purpose of this scoping review is therefore to map the literature available on the types of relationship between urban green spaces and cancer.Method and analysisWe followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols 2015 guideline to report the protocol. To conduct this scoping review, we will use a structured search strategy based on controlled vocabulary and relevant key terms related to green space, urban space and cancer. We will search MEDLINE (PubMed), GreenFILE (EBSCOhost), Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (EBSCOhost) and ScienceDirect as electronic database as well as hand-search publications for grey literature. This review will therefore provide evidence on this current topic, one which could have practical implications for policy-makers involved in choices which are more conducive to healthy living.Ethics and disseminationNo primary data will be collected since all data that will be presented in this review are based on published articles and publicly available documents, and therefore ethics committee approval is not a requirement. The findings of this review will be presented at workshops and conferences, and will be submitted for publication in a peer-reviewed journal.
Role of the family doctor in the management of adults with obesity: a scoping review
Authors: Sturgiss Elizabeth A , Elmitt Nicholas , Haelser Emily , van Weel Chris , Douglas Kirsty A 
Published: February 2018

ObjectivesObesity management is an important issue for the international primary care community. This scoping review examines the literature describing the role of the family doctor in managing adults with obesity. The methods were prospectively published and followed Joanna Briggs Institute methodology.SettingPrimary care. Adult patients.Included papersPeer-reviewed and grey literature with the keywords obesity, primary care and family doctors. All literature published up to September 2015. 3294 non-duplicate papers were identified and 225 articles included after full-text review.Primary and secondary outcome measuresData were extracted on the family doctors’ involvement in different aspects of management, and whether whole person and person-centred care were explicitly mentioned.Results110 papers described interventions in primary care and family doctors were always involved in diagnosing obesity and often in recruitment of participants. A clear description of the provider involved in an intervention was often lacking. It was difficult to determine if interventions took account of whole person and person-centredness. Most opinion papers and clinical overviews described an extensive role for the family doctor in management; in contrast, research on current practices depicted obesity as undermanaged by family doctors. International guidelines varied in their description of the role of the family doctor with a more extensive role suggested by guidelines from family medicine organisations.ConclusionsThere is a disconnect between how family doctors are involved in primary care interventions, the message in clinical overviews and opinion papers, and observed current practice of family doctors. The role of family doctors in international guidelines for obesity may reflect the strength of primary care in the originating health system. Reporting of primary care interventions could be improved by enhanced descriptions of the providers involved and explanation of how the pillars of primary care are used in intervention development.
Protocol investigating the clinical utility of an objective measure of attention, impulsivity and activity (QbTest) for optimising medication management in children and young people with ADHD ‘QbTest Utility for Optimising Treatment in ADHD’ (QUOTA): a feasibility randomised controlled trial
Authors: Hall Charlotte L , James Marilyn , Brown Sue , Martin Jennifer L , Brown Nikki , Selby Kim , Clarke Julie , Vijayan Hena , Guo Boliang , Sayal Kapil , Hollis Chris , Groom Madeleine J 
Published: February 2018

IntroductionAttention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is characterised by symptoms of inattention, hyperactivity and impulsivity. To improve outcomes, the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence ADHD guidelines recommend regular monitoring of symptoms when children commence medication. However, research suggests that routine monitoring rarely happens, and clinicians often rely on subjective information such as reports from parents and teachers to ascertain improvement. These sources can be unreliable and difficult to obtain. The addition of an objective test of attention and activity (QbTest) may improve the objectivity, reliability and speed of clinical decision-making and so reduce the time to identify the optimal medication dose. This study aims to assess the feasibility and acceptability of a QbTest medication management protocol delivered in routine healthcare services for children with ADHD.Method and analysisThis multisite feasibility randomised controlled trial (RCT) will recruit 60 young people (aged 6–17 years old), diagnosed with ADHD, and starting stimulant medication who are seen by Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services or Community Paediatric services. Participants will be randomised into one of two arms. In the experimental arm (QbTest protocol), the participant will complete a QbTest at baseline (prior to medication initiation), and two follow-up QbTests on medication (2–4 weeks and 8–10 weeks later). In the control arm, participants will receive treatment as usual, with at least two follow-up consultations. Measures of parent-, teacher- and clinician-rated symptoms and global functioning will be completed at each time point. Health economic measures will be completed. Clinicians will record treatment decision-making. Acceptability and feasibility of the protocol will be assessed alongside outcome measure completion rates. Qualitative interviews will be conducted.Ethics and disseminationThe findings will be used to inform the development of a fully powered RCT. The results will be submitted for publication in peer-reviewed journals. The study has ethical approval.Trial registration numberNCT03368573; Pre-results.
Management, characteristics and outcomes of patients with acute coronary syndrome in Sri Lanka
Authors: Galappatthy Priyadarshani , Bataduwaarachchi Vipula R , Ranasinghe Priyanga , Galappatthy Gamini K S , Wijayabandara Maheshi , Warapitiya Dinuka S , Sivapathasundaram Mythily , Wickramarathna Thilini , Senarath Upul , Sridharan Sathasivam , Wijeyaratne Chandrika N , Ekanayaka Ruvan 
Published: February 2018

BackgroundIschaemic heart disease is the leading cause of in-hospital mortality in Sri Lanka. Acute Coronary Syndrome Sri Lanka Audit Project (ACSSLAP) is the first national clinical-audit project that evaluated patient characteristics, clinical outcomes and care provided by state-sector hospitals.MethodsACSSLAP prospectively evaluated acute care, in-hospital care and discharge plans provided by all state-sector hospitals managing patients with ACS. Data were collected from 30 consecutive patients from each hospital during 2–4 weeks window. Local and international recommendations were used as audit standards.ResultsData from 87/98 (88.7%) hospitals recruited 2177 patients, with 2116 confirmed as having ACS. Mean age was 61.4±11.8 years (range 20–95) and 58.7% (n=1242) were males. There were 813 (38.4%) patients with unstable angina, 695 (32.8%) with non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) and 608 (28.7%) with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Both STEMI (69.9%) and NSTEMI (61.4%) were more in males (P<0.001). Aspirin, clopidogrel and statins were given to over 90% in acute setting and on discharge. In STEMI, 407 (66.9%) were reperfused; 384 (63.2%) were given fibrinolytics and only 23 (3.8%) underwent primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Only 42.3 % had thrombolysis in <30 min and 62.5% had PCI in <90 min. On discharge, beta-blockers and ACE inhibitors/angiotensin II receptor blockers were given to only 50.7% and 69.2%, respectively and only 17.6% had coronary interventions planned.ConclusionsIn patients with ACS, aspirin, clopidogrel and statin use met audit standards in acute setting and on discharge. Vast majority of patients with STEMI underwent fibrinolyisis than PCI, due to limited resources. Primary PCI, planned coronary interventions and timely thrombolysis need improvement in Sri Lanka.
Interphysician agreement on subclassification of myocardial infarction
Authors: Gard Anton , Lindahl Bertil , Batra Gorav , Hadziosmanovic Nermin , Hjort Marcus , Szummer Karolina Elisabeth , Baron Tomasz 
Published: February 2018

ObjectiveThe universal definition of myocardial infarction (MI) differentiates MI due to oxygen supply/demand mismatch (type 2) from MI due to plaque rupture (type 1) as well as from myocardial injuries of non-ischaemic or multifactorial nature. The purpose of this study was to investigate how often physicians agree in this classification and what factors lead to agreement or disagreement.MethodsA total of 1328 patients diagnosed with MI at eight different Swedish hospitals 2011 were included. All patients were retrospectively reclassified into different MI or myocardial injury subtypes by two independent specially trained physicians, strictly adhering to the third universal definition of MI.ResultsOverall, there was a moderate interobserver agreement with a kappa coefficient (κ) of 0.55 in this classification. There was substantial agreement when distinguishing type 1 MI (κ: 0.61), compared with moderate agreement when distinguishing type 2 MI (κ: 0.54). In multivariate logistic regression analyses, ST elevation MI (P<0.001), performed coronary angiography (P<0.001) and larger changes in troponin levels (P=0.023) independently made the physicians agree significantly more often, while they disagreed more often with symptoms of dyspnoea (P<0.001), higher systolic blood pressure (P=0.001) and higher C reactive protein levels on admission (P=0.016).ConclusionDistinguishing MI types is challenging also for trained adjudicators. Although strictly adhering to the third universal definition of MI, differentiation between type 1 MI, type 2 MI and myocardial injury only gave a moderate rate of interobserver agreement. More precise and clinically applicable criteria for the current classification, particularly for type 2 MI diagnosis, are urgently needed.
Identification of novel fusion transcripts in multiple myeloma
Authors: Lin Mingxuan , Lee Peak Ling , Chiu Lily , Chua Constance , Ban Kenneth H K , Lin Adeline H F , Chan Zit Liang , Chung Tae-Hoon , Yan Benedict , Chng Wee-Joo 
Published: February 2018

AimsMultiple myeloma (MM) is a heterogeneous disease characterised by genetically complex abnormalities. The classical mutational spectrum includes recurrent chromosomal aberrations and gene-level mutations. Recurrent translocations involving theIGHgene such as t(11;14), t(4;14) and t(14;16) are well known. However, the presence of complex genetic abnormalities raises the possibility that fusions other than the recurrentIGHtranslocations exist. We therefore employed a targeted RNA-sequencing panel to identify novel putative fusions in a local cohort of MM.MethodsTargeted RNA-sequencing was performed on 21 patient samples using the Illumina TruSight RNA Pan-Cancer Panel (comprising 1385 genes). Fusion calls were generated from the Illumina RNA-Sequencing Alignment software (V.1.0.0). These samples had conventional cytogenetic and fluorescence in situ hybridisation data for the common recurrent chromosomal abnormalities (t(11;14), t(4;14), t(14;16) and 17p13 deletion). The MMRF CoMMpass dataset was analysed using the TopHat-fusion pipeline.ResultsA total of 10 novel fusions were identified by the TruSight RNA Pan-Cancer Panel. Two of these fusions,HGF/CACNA2D1andSMC3/MXI1, were validated by reverse transcription PCR and Sanger sequencing as they involve genes that may have biological relevance in MM genesis. Four of these (MAP2K4/MAP2K4P1) are likely to be spurious secondary to misalignment of reads to a pseudogene. One record of theHGF/CACNA2D1fusion was identified from the MMRF CoMMpass dataset.ConclusionsThe identification of novel fusions offers insights into the biology of MM and might have clinical relevance. Further functional studies are required to determine the biological and clinical relevance of these novel fusions.