bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of conditioner and moisture content on flowability of yellow cornmeal
Authors: Chinwan Dipanshu , Castell‐Perez M. Elena 
Published: September 2019

AbstractFlow characterization of ground materials based on standard physical properties is not always accurate and must be complemented with other properties that help characterize their flowability. The flow properties of yellow cornmeal as a function of moisture content (10.0%, 13.5% 17.0%, and 20.0% wet basis) and concentrations of added conditioner (calcium stearate, a caking agent classified at GRAS, at 0.50%, 0.75%, and 1.00% wt/wt) were measured. The optimum flow behavior characteristics of the cornmeal were achieved at 0.50% wt/wt calcium stearate and 10.0% (w.b.) moisture content based on the flow function test. Overall, the material's flowability decreased with increased moisture content based on very high values for Hausner's ratio, Carr's Index, and angle of repose. The flow index (ffc) obtained by the flow function test decreased from 6.47 to 3.82 as moisture increased, indicating increased cohesivity. Calcium stearate increased the flowability of the material at 0.50% wt/wt, beyond which the flowability was not affected (p > .05). Samples were very hygroscopic and classified as Class IV. The Hausner's ratio, Carr's Index, and angle of repose showed a strong linear relationship with the flow index with correlation values of 0.91, 0.88, and 0.88, respectively. Isotherms together with physical properties should be used to determine the flow characteristics of granulated materials such as yellow cornmeal to establish the best storage and processing conditions.
Carbon capture induced changes in Deccan basalt: a mass‐balance approach
Authors: Kumar Amit , Shrivastava J. P. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractPrevious studies on the Deccan basalt–water–CO2 interaction were focused on numerical simulations and experimental validation that revealed carbonate formation, but restricted to low temperatures and for a shorter period. However, during prolonged interactions, silicates restricted carbonates from forming, and thus necessitated for comparative mass‐balance calculations of parent basalt, neo‐formed mineral and dissolution products to understand apposite parameters that control the reaction extent and optimal geochemical conditions. To examine these interactions, mass‐balance calculations have been attempted. A gradual increase in HCO3− concentration and basalt dissolution is concomitant with the increase in experimental run time; thus, the pH of the solution is affected. X‐ray diffraction and scanning electron microscope–energy dispersive X‐ray spectrometer analyses revealed the presence of carbonates in the post‐experiment residue (run for a shorter period). Owing to gradual carbonate decrease in the residue, Ca2+, Fe2+ and Mg2+ released from basalt gradually increased in the leachate at 100°C. But with the progression of time at 200°C, more secondary silicates were formed and incorporated Mg2+ and Si4+, which led to a decrease in Mg2+ and Si4+ concentrations in the leachate. Mass‐balance calculations revealed that the maximum amount of CO2 is mineralized (22.88 mol%) from the ions derived from the parent basalt at 100°C under 5 bar CO2 and 70 h of experiment running time. But, for longer periods of experiments, the rate of ionic interactions as well as CO2 mineralization is almost ceased. Thus, the rate of dissolution is affected by temperature, but the amount of CO2 mineralization is directly a function of the basalt–water–CO2 interaction time. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The effect of the Affordable Care Act preexisting conditions provision on marriage
Authors: Hampton Matt , Lenhart Otto 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThis paper investigates the effect of the Affordable Care Act preexisting conditions provision on marriage. The policy was implemented to prevent insurers from denying insurance coverage to individuals with preexisting health conditions. We test whether the implementation of the provision led to decreases in marriage among affected adults. We add to earlier work on how marital behavior is influenced by spousal health insurance and examine for the presence of “marriage lock,” a situation in which individuals remain married primarily for insurance. Using longitudinal data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics from 2009 to 2017 and estimating difference‐in‐differences models, we find that male household heads with preexisting conditions are 7.12 percentage points (8.9 percent) less likely to be married after the policy. Using information on insurance status prior to the policy change, we find significant reductions in marriage among individuals with preexisting conditions who were previously insured by spousal health insurance plans. The findings suggest that the inability to attain individual coverage and reliance on spousal insurance provided incentives to remain married before 2014.
Synthesis of Azabicyclic Building Blocks for Daphniphyllum Alkaloid Intermediates Featuring N‐Trichloroacetyl Enamide 5‐endo‐trig Radical Cyclizations
Authors: Jansana Sergi , Coussanes Guilhem , Puig Jordi , Diaba Faiza , Bonjoch Josep 
Published: September 2019

AbstractA general procedure is reported for the synthesis of cis ring fused azapolycyclic compounds bearing an all‐carbon quaternary stereocenter at the ring fusion and an adequate functionalization for the assembly of new rings leading to advanced synthetic intermediates for Daphniphyllum alkaloid synthesis. The key carbon−carbon bond‐forming step in this approach is a radical cyclization of an N‐cycloalkenyl trichloroacetamide derivative involving a tetrasubstituted enamide to achieve polyfunctionalized lactams.
m7FLIPI and targeted sequencing in high‐risk follicular lymphoma
Authors: Sorigue Marc , Oliveira Anna , Mercadal Santiago , Tapia Gustavo , Climent Fina , Perez‐Roca Laia , Lorences Irian , Domingo‐Domenech Eva , Cabezon Marta , Navarro Jose‐Tomas , Gonzalez‐Barca Eva , Zamora Lurdes , Ribera Josep‐María , Sureda Anna , Armengol Maria‐Pilar , Sancho Juan‐Manuel 
Published: September 2019

AbstractPatients with follicular lymphoma (FL) refractory to front‐line immunochemotherapy (ICT) have a poor overall survival (OS). Gene mutation analysis may be more accurate than classical risk factors to pick out these patients before treatment. This study aimed to describe the prevalence of selected genetic mutations in a cohort of patients with high‐risk FL. Twenty‐five patients with FL refractory to front‐line ICT and 10 non‐refractory patients matched for age, sex, and FLIPI score were included. We sequenced 18 genes (custom targeted sequencing panel) previously reported to potentially have prognostic impact, including the seven genes necessary to determine m7FLIPI risk. The 35 patients had a median age of 62. The FLIPI and FLIPI2 were high in 27 (84%) and 14 (48%), respectively. Three‐year progression‐free survival (PFS) and OS probabilities were 25% (95% CI, 13%‐41%) and 53% (34%‐69%), respectively. There were 73 variants in the 18 genes among the 35 patients. The median number of mutations per patient was 1 (interquartile range, 0‐3). The most commonly mutated genes were CREBBP (11 of 35, 31%) and EP300 (10 of 35, 29%). EP300 mutations were associated with refractoriness to treatment (10 of 25 among refractory and 0 of 10 among non‐refractory). In conclusion, in this study, patients with high‐risk follicular lymphoma were genetically heterogeneous.
Ontological insecurity I: Psychometric development of a new measure and relationship to subclinical psychotic‐like experiences
Authors: Marlowe Nicholas I. , Nicholson Perry Kathryn , Lee Jacob 
Published: September 2019

AbstractObjectivesThe present study sought to develop a new psychometrically sound measure of ontological insecurity, the OIS‐34 and, determine its relationship with subclinical psychotic‐like experiences (PLEs).MethodsA nonclinical sample (N = 600) completed an initial 60‐item version of the new scale along with measures of PLEs, psychosis proneness, and mental health history.ResultsExploratory factor analysis indicated a single factor, ontological insecurity, with 34 items loading positively and above a criterion of 0.4. Internal consistency and test–retest reliability were excellent. The OIS‐34 correlated positively and significantly with psychosis proneness and subclinical positive and negative symptom PLEs. The OIS‐34 also differentiated significantly between participants with and without a history of mental health problems, including psychosis.ConclusionsThe OIS‐34 appears to represent a psychometrically sound measure of ontological insecurity. The results suggest that the concept is associated with PLEs. Directions for further research are discussed.
Transformation to leadership: Learning about self, the community, the organization, and the system
Authors: Medellin Paul J. , Speer Paul W. , Christens Brian D. , Gupta Jyoti 
Published: September 2019

AbstractLeadership development is an important practice in community organizing. Although this importance is often acknowledged, relatively little scholarship details how leadership development is actually executed, or how concepts of leadership development are applied in organizing practice. This study reports on a thesis conducted by a community organizer utilizing a critical reflexive methodology. Eight active leaders from a community organizing effort in New Orleans, LA were interviewed about their interpretations of their own development as leaders. Leadership development as experienced by leaders is supplemented with observations from the organizer working with these leaders, providing triangulation on developmental processes in practice. Findings demonstrate the potential for transformation among community residents as they work to build collective power for social change.
Synthesis and evaluation of new pyrazoline‐thiazole derivatives as monoamine oxidase inhibitors
Authors: Acar Çevik Ulviye , Osmaniye Derya , Sağlik Begüm Nurpelin , Levent Serkan , Kaya Çavuşoğlu Betül , Özkay Yusuf , Kaplancikli Zafer Asım 
Published: September 2019

AbstractA novel series of 1,3,5‐trisubstituted‐2‐pyrazoline derivatives (4a‐4k) was synthesized and their chemical structures characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and mass spectroscopy. These compounds were evaluated as inhibitors for of type A and type B monoamine oxidase (MAO) enzymes. The most common inhibitors of MAO enzymes used to treat depression and anxiety such as selegiline and moclobemide drugs were used as reference agents. A result of biological evaluation of these compounds revealed compounds 4c, 4d, and 4ı as potent and selective MAO A inhibitors. The most active compound 4ı, which is 2,4‐dimethoxy at phenyl ring, showed strong inhibitory activity at MAO A (IC50 of 0.0445 ± 0.0018μM). Furthermore, compounds 4c and 4d showed significant inhibition profile on MAO A with the IC50 values 0.1423 ± 0.0051μM and 0.2148 ± 0.0067μM, respectively.
ESI‐QTof‐MS characterization of hirsutinolide and glaucolide sesquiterpene lactones: Fragmentation mechanisms and differentiation based on Na+/H+ adducts interactions in complex mixture
Authors: da Silva Layzon A.L. , Sandjo Louis P. , Misturini Alechania , Caramori Giovanni F. , Biavatti Maique W. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractSesquiterpene lactones (SL) have been reported with various biological effects. Among the described SL skeletons, hirsutinolide and glaucolide have not been extensively studied by mass spectrometry (MS), especially how to distinguish them in organic matrices. Thus, this paper reports (1) a strategy of their differentiation based on MS behavior during the ionization and (2) a proposal of the fragmentation pattern for both SL‐subtypes. ESI(+)‐HRMS data of four isolated SL (hirsutinolides 1 and 3; glaucolides 2 and 4) were recorded by direct and UPLC water‐sample combined injections. These analyses revealed that hirsutinolides and glaucolides formed [M+Na]+ ion during the operation of the direct MS injection, and ([M+Na]+ and [M+H‐H2O]+) and [M+H]+ ions were respectively observed for hirsutinolides and glaucolides during the operation of combined UPLC water and sample MS injection. Computational simulations showed that the complex hirsutinolide (1)‐Na+ formed with a lower preparation energy compared with the complex glaucolide (2)‐Na+. However, despite their different behavior during the ionization process, ESI(+)‐HRMS/MS analyses of 1‐4 gave similar fragmentation patterns at m/z 277, 259, 241, and 231 that can be used as diagnostic ions for both skeletons. Moreover, the differentiation strategy based on the nature of the complex SL‐adducts and their MS/MS fragmentation pattern were successfully applied for the chemical characterization of the extract from Vernonanthura tweedieana using UPLC‐ESI‐HRMS/MS. Among the characterized metabolites, SL with hirsutinolide and glaucolide skeletons showed the aforementioned diagnostic fragments and an ionization behavior that was similar to those observed during the water‐sample combined injection.
Screening and pharmacodynamic evaluation of the anti‐respiratory syncytial virus activity of butene lactones in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Wang Zhenya , Tan Yayun , Mou Xiaodong , Wang Congcong , Li Yuanyuan , Xiao Fan , Hu Xiaoning , Liu Hongmin , Xu Haiwei 
Published: September 2019

AbstractA series of butene lactones were synthesized and these compounds were tested for anti‐respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) activity in vitro. Three compounds exhibited an antiviral effect, the highest of which was compound 6b3 with an effective concentration 50% of 6.35 μM. The effects of 6b3 were then evaluated in vivo and a significant reduction in the lung index caused by RSV was detected. Reduced inflammatory infiltration and necrosis of the lungs were revealed by histopathology and gross pathology. Activation of an early immune response by 6b3 was also observed by cytokine analysis via a real‐time polymerase chain reaction. These results indicated that 6b3 has an anti‐RSV effect both in vitro and in vivo, and is a possible candidate compound for the development of an anti‐RSV drug in the future.
Raman investigation of N‐implanted ZnO: Defects, disorder and recovery
Authors: Mondal Apu , Pal S. , Sarkar A. , Bhattacharya Tara Shankar , Pal Sourabh , Singha A. , Ray S.K. , Kumar Pravin , Kanjilal D. , Jana D. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractUnderstanding defects, disorder and doping due to N implantation in ZnO is one of the most debated issues for the last few years. In the present work, a comprehensive investigation has been carried out using Raman, photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy and grazing‐incidence X‐ray diffraction on 50 keV N ions implanted granular ZnO with different fluence (approximately up to 6.5% atomic concentration) along with postimplantation annealing. Raman investigation suggests that 275, 510, 643, and 857 cm−1 modes are directly related to nitrogen. Additionally, VZn may have some role in stabilizing 275 cm−1 mode. The broadening (or tailing) of E2low mode is related to vibration of distorted Zn sublattice, which may be a product of ion implantation generated defect cluster like VZn–VO. The distortion starts to reduce with annealing at elevated temperatures. Direct correlation between 555 cm−1 Raman mode and the tailing of E2low mode has been found. More defect clustering is vivid from the reduced PL of the ZnO samples with increasing implantation fluence. So, tailing of E2low Raman mode, increasing intensity of 555 cm−1 mode and nonradiative defect centers are of common origin. Both the ratios E1(2LO)/E1(LO) and E2high/E1(LO) can be used as parameters to measure the defective nature of ZnO after ion implantation/irradiation. Low temperature PL (selected samples) suggests absence of shallow acceptor states, although negative thermal quenching above 175 K has been observed (implantation fluence 1 × 1016 ions/cm2 and annealed at 500°C) which can be a signature of deep acceptors.
H2O2‐induced hydrogen bond water networks enhanced on stimulated Raman scattering
Authors: Wang Ying , Li Fabing , Fang Wenhui , Sun Chenglin , Men Zhiwei 
Published: September 2019

AbstractForward stimulated Raman scattering in pure water and H2O2–H2O mixture solutions are investigated under different pump laser energies. Three characteristic peaks are observed in mixture solutions due to the enhancement of hydrogen bonds (H‐bonds) structure of water molecules by H2O2. Simultaneously, stimulated Raman scattering lines indicate that high‐pressure ice‐phase is formed in mixture solutions, which is attributed to the reduction of the laser breakdown threshold of liquid water by H2O2, resulting in a strong dynamic high pressure.
Resonance Raman optical activity of the imidazole–Myoglobin complex: Titrating enhancement
Authors: Sgammato Roberta , Herrebout Wouter , Johannessen Christian 
Published: September 2019

AbstractResonance Raman optical activity (rROA) is a very powerful chiroptical technique for the investigation of bioactive protein cofactors in native conformation, due to its sensitivity towards any tiny conformational changes occurring at the chromophore. Twelve years ago, the rROA spectrum of myoglobin was published for the first time, revealing the strong potential of the technique for the selective study of the haem moiety. In this contribution, the use of rROA has been extended to the ligand binding properties of myoglobin via a combined approach of resonance Raman/ROA and ultraviolet‐visible absorption/electronic circular dichroism. The treatment of myoglobin with molar excess of imidazole in aqueous solution has led to the formation of a brilliant red pigment, known as imidazolylmet‐myoglobin, and revealed an interesting evolution of the visible Q bands, with the appearance of Qα at 534 nm. The use of the laser excitation of 532 nm, in resonance with the S0–S1 electronic transition (Q bands) of the sample, induced the selective Raman and ROA enhancement of certain haem vibrational modes, in a concentration‐dependent manner. Here, we highlight the sensitivity of rROA spectroscopy towards conformational changes of the haem chromophore upon interaction with the exogenous molecule, allowing us to distinguish between the bound and unligated form of the globin, a fundamental step towards the full understanding of the haem‐ligand binding process.
Investigation of Mixing Behavior of both a Conventional Surfactant and Different Inorganic Salts with a Cationic Gemini Surfactant in Aqueous Solution
Authors: Sarıkaya İkbal , Bilgen Selçuk , Akbaş Halide 
Published: September 2019

AbstractN,N′‐bis [3‐(dodecanoylamino)propyl]‐N,N,N′,N′‐tetramethylhexane‐1,6‐diaminium dibromide is a cationic Gemini surfactant including quaternary ammonium salt with amide groups. Critical micelle concentration (CMC) and some thermodynamic parameters of the cationic Gemini surfactant were investigated using surface tension and conductivity methods. Mixed micellization of binary mixtures of the cationic Gemini surfactant with a conventional surfactant cetyl trimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) was investigated using the conductometric method at five different temperatures ranging from 303.15 to 323.15 K. CMC, micellar ionization degree (αm), counterion binding constant (g1), interaction parameter (β), and activity coefficients ( and ) of mixed systems were found out from data of conductivity at different mole fractions for all studied temperatures. Additionally, the effects of some inorganic salts with different concentrations on the surface properties of cationic Gemini surfactant were examined by surface tension measurements. Some surface properties of the pure cationic Gemini surfactant and mixed salts systems were calculated using the data of surface tension.
Practicing sustainability as a backpacker: The role of nationality
Authors: Iaquinto Benjamin Lucca , Pratt Stephen 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe influence of tourist nationality is a consistent topic of interest among tourism researchers. A social practice approach using interviews and participant observation was applied to understand if backpackers of different nationalities (German, British, French, and American) performed different sustainability practices. Backpacking is a homogenising force because of the shared values of frugality combined with the hostel context. Overall, national differences were minor, but there were some differences notably between German and British backpackers. Practicing sustainability required a combination of backpacker values, infrastructures, and corporeal abilities to converge at specific points in time and space.
Desertification: Inappropriate images lead to inappropriate actions
Authors: Prince Stephen D. , Podwojewski Pascal 
Published: September 2019

AbstractAmong policy institutions, researchers in other fields, and the public, there is an enduring misunderstanding of the nature of desertification. To a considerable extent, its meaning has been reduced to just two eye‐catching images: sand dunes encroaching on productive land and habitations and bare, cracked soil surfaces. Yet neither of these is an indicator of desertification—sometimes called dryland degradation. Rather desertification results in a wide range of changes, including erosion, loss of biodiversity, decline in soil fertility, and reduced carbon storage. Surprisingly, it is the pictures themselves, not the scientific literature, that have fixed this erroneous concept in the minds of even some who work in the field of land degradation. The results of this confusion include inappropriate management efforts, mistaken premises in research, and ill‐informed policies at local to global scales including misleading prognostications of institutions—even at the level of United Nations agencies.
Membrane Rigidity and Phosphatidic Acid (PtdOH) Signal: Two Important Events in Acinetobacter guillouiae SFC 500‐1A Exposed to Chromium(VI) and Phenol
Authors: Fernandez Marilina , Paulucci Natalia S. , Peppino Margutti Micaela , Biasutti Alicia M. , Racagni Graciela E. , Villasuso Ana L. , Agostini Elizabeth , González Paola S. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe remodeling of membrane lipids is a mechanism that allows microorganisms to survive in unfavorable environments such as industrial effluents, which often contain inorganic and organic pollutants, like chromium and phenol. In the present work, we evaluated the effect of Cr(VI) and phenol on the membrane of Acinetobacter guillouiae SFC 500‐1A, a bacterial strain isolated from tannery sediments where such pollutants can be found. The presence of lipid kinases and phospholipases and the changes in their activities under exposure to these pollutants were determined. Cr(VI) and Cr(VI) + phenol caused the membrane to become more rigid for up to 16 h after exposure. This could be due to an increase in cardiolipin (Ptd2Gro) and a decrease in phosphatidylethanolamine (PtdEtn), which are indicative of more order and rigidity in the membrane. Increased phospholipase A activity (PLA, EC 3.1.1.4) could be responsible for the decrease in PtdEtn levels. Moreover, our results indicate that Cr(VI) and Cr(VI) + phenol trigger the phosphatidic acid (PtdOH) signal. The finding of significantly increased phosphatidylinositol‐4‐phosphate (PtdIns‐4‐P) levels means this is likely achieved via PtdIns‐PLC/DGK. This report provides the first evidence that A. guillouiae SFC 500‐1A is able to sense Cr(VI) and phenol, transduce this signal through changes in the physical state of the membrane, and trigger lipid‐signaling events.