bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Epigenetic inheritance of telomere length in wild birds
Authors: Bauch Christina , Boonekamp Jelle J. , Korsten Peter , Mulder Ellis , Verhulst Simon 
Published: March 2018

AbstractTelomere length (TL) predicts health and lifespan in humans and other organisms, making the identification of the causes of TL variation of interest. At conception, zygotes inherit genes that regulate TL during early development, but at the same time already express a phenotype, which is the TL of the parental gametes that formed the zygote. Whether the effect of gamete TL is transient or affects TL for life depends on the extent to which regulatory genes compensate for gamete TL variation during early development. A carry-over effect of parental TL, resulting in epigenetic inheritance, has been suggested to explain the observed relationship between parental age and offspring TL in humans and other species. However, reports of parental age effects are based on cross-sectional data, and age at reproduction has numerous confounds. Furthermore, parental age may affect offspring telomere dynamics between conception and sampling, which could also explain the paternal age effect. Using longitudinal telomere data of jackdaw parents and their chicks, we show that chicks hatched with shorter telomeres as individual fathers aged, whereas mother age had no effect. By cross-fostering eggs, we confirmed the paternal age effect to be independent of paternal care after conception. The epigenetic effect accounted for 34% of the variance in offspring TL that was explained by paternal telomere length; the remaining 66% we ascribe to a combination of environmental and additive genetic effects. Thus, our results strongly indicate epigenetic inheritance of TL, with potential consequences for offspring fitness prospects.Significance statementTelomeres are DNA-protein structures at chromosome ends and their length predicts remaining lifespan in humans and other organisms. Variation in telomere length is thought to be largely of genetic origin, but telomere inheritance may be unusual because a fertilised cell already has a telomere length (most traits are first expressed later in life). Telomeres shorten with age, and, using long-term individual-based data of jackdaw families, we show that as fathers aged, they produced chicks with shorter telomeres. This shows that paternal telomere length directly affects offspring telomere length, i.e. is inherited genetically but without the involvement of genes. This is known as an epigenetic effect and explained a large part (≥34%) of the telomere resemblance between fathers and their offspring.
Gene expression across tissues, sex, and life stages in the sea urchin Tripneustes gratilla [Toxopneustidae, Odontophora, Camarodonta]
Authors: Láruson Áki Jarl , Coppard Simon E. , Pespeni Melissa H. , Reed Floyd A. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe pan-tropical sea urchin Tripneustes gratilla is an ecologically and economically important shallow water algal grazer. The aquaculture of T. gratilla has spurred growing interest in the population biology of the species, and by extension the generation of more molecular resources. To this purpose, de novo transcriptomes of T. gratilla were generated for two adults, a male and a female, as well as for a cohort of approximately 1,000 plutei larvae. Gene expression profiles of three adult tissue samples were quantified and compared. These samples were of gonadal tissue, the neural ring, and pooled tube feet and pedicellariae. Levels of shared and different gene expression between sexes, as well as across functional categories of interest, including the immune system, toxins, genes involved in fertilization, and sensory genes are highlighted. Differences in expression of Sex determining Region Y-related High Mobility Group box groups and general isoform expression between the sexes is observed. Additionally an expansion of the tumor suppressor DMBT1 was observed in T. gratilla when compared to the annotated genome of the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus purpuratus. The draft transcriptome of T. gratilla is presented here in order to facilitate more genomic level analysis of de-novo sea urchin systems.
EXD2 and WRN exonucleases are required for interstrand crosslink repair in Drosophila
Authors: Chennuri Pratima , Cox Lynne S. , Saunders Robert D. C. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractInterstrand crosslinks (ICLs) present a major threat to genome integrity, preventing both the correct transcription of active chromatin and complete replication of the genome. This is exploited in genotoxic chemotherapy where ICL induction is used to kill highly proliferative cancer cells. Repair of ICLs involves a complex interplay of numerous proteins, including those in the Fanconi anemia (FA) pathway, though alternative and parallel pathways have been postulated. Here, we investigate the role of the 3’-5’ exonuclease, EXD2, and the highly related WRN exonuclease (implicated in premature ageing human Werner syndrome), in repair of interstrand crosslinks in the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster. We find that flies mutant for EXD2 (DmEXD2) have elevated rates of genomic instability resulting from chromosome breakage and loss of the resulting acentric fragments, in contrast to WRN exonuclease (DmWRNexo) mutants where excess homologous recombination is the principal mechanism of genomic instability. Most notably, we demonstrate that proliferating larval neuroblasts mutant for either DmWRNexo or DmEXD2 are deficient in repair of DNA interstrand crosslinks caused by diepoxybutane or mitomycin C, strongly suggesting that each nuclease individually plays a role in repair of ICLs in flies. These findings have significant implications not only for understanding the complex process of ICL repair in humans, but also for enhancing cancer therapies that rely on ICL induction, with caveats for cancer therapy in Werner syndrome and Fanconi anemia patients.
Cyto-nuclear shuttling of afadin is required for rapid estradiol-mediated modifications of histone H3
Authors: Sellers Katherine J. , Watson Iain A. , Srivastava Deepak P. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractEstrogens have been shown to rapidly regulate local signalling events at both synapses and within the nucleus. The result of these signalling events is to rapidly modulate synapse structure and function, as well as epigenetic mechanisms including histone modifications. Ultimately these mechanisms are thought to contribute to long-lasting changes in neural circuitry, and thus influences cognitive functions such as learning and memory. However, the mechanisms by which estrogen-mediated local synaptic and nuclear signalling events are coordinated are not well understood. In this study we have found that the scaffold protein afadin, (also known as AF-6), undergoes a bi-directional trafficking to both synaptic and nuclear compartment in response to acute 17β-estradiol (estradiol) treatment. Interestingly, nuclear accumulation of afadin was coincidental with an increase in the phosphorylation of histone H3 at serine 10 (H3S10p). This histone modification is associated with the remodelling of chromatin into an open euchromatin state, allowing for transcriptional activation and related learning and memory processes. Critically, the cyto-nuclear trafficking of afadin was required for estradiol-dependent H3S10p. We further determined that nuclear accumulation of afadin is sufficient to induce phosphorylation of the mitogentic kinases ERK1/2 (pERK1/2) within the nucleus. Moreover, nuclear pERK1/2 was required for estradiol-dependent H3S10p. Taken together, we propose a model whereby estradiol incudes the bi-directional trafficking of afadin to synaptic and nuclear sub-compartments. Within the nucleus, afadin is required for increased pERK1/2 which in turn is required for H3S10p. Therefore this represents a mechanism through which estrogens may be able to coordinate both synaptic and nucleosomal events within the same neuronal population.
Indonesia’s digital constitutive moment: How the rewrite of the Broadcast Law will shape Indonesia’s digital future
Authors: Citra Diani 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
This article explores the current development of digital terrestrial television (DTT) implementation and its impact on the broadcast television and telecommunication industry as a whole in Indonesia. Delay after delay, which culminated in the suspension of all DTT policies by the newly elected Jokowi administration, have created a lot of uncertainty for many stakeholders. This article focuses on several recent DTT regulatory events – namely the creation and collapse of DTT ministerial regulations, the distribution of the latest broadcast bill and the cabinet’s digital economy policies. These events demonstrate the limitations of broadcast policy to reconfigure the current broadcast television industry in order to create a more diverse broadcast and telecommunication ecosystem. Drawing on primary documents – official reports; policy announcements; recordings of government meetings; interviews with stakeholders and statistics and statements from key political and industrial figures – this article posits that, by opening up the entire broadcast law to a rewrite for the sake of accommodating DTT implementation, Indonesia risks deregulating the entire market and maintaining the predatory practices of broadcast industry incumbents
A hepatitis C-vírus (HCV) három évtizede a felfedezéstől a globális elimináció lehetőségéig: a transzlációs kutatás sikere
Authors: Pár Alajos , Pár Gabriella 
Published: March 2018

Abstract: More than 25 years after the discovery of hepatitis C virus, the development of the direct acting antivirals can lead to the regional or long-term global elimination of the virus with over 90% efficacy. This is the success of basic and clinical translational research. Yet, some unsolved challanges remain, such as the great number of unidentified patients who are not aware of their condition, the limited access to the therapy due to the high prices of the drugs, and the treatment of resistance-associated variants. In addition, the lack of vaccine is also an obstacle. In 2016, the World Health Organization (WHO) developed the first global health sector strategy for the elimination of viral hepatitis by 2030. Its evidence-based guidelines are primarily targeted at the national hepatitis programme managers who are responsible for the national testing and treatment plans. According to these recommendations, it is of basic importance to perform focused risk-based testing in higher-risk populations and after diagnosis to start treatment as “cure as prevention”, furthermore, to limit the risk of reinfection. We review the events of the HCV story from the discovery to these days, including virology, epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis and therapy. Orv Hetil. 2018; 159(12): 455–465.
Akut coronariaszindróma miatt 2015-ben kezelt betegeink lipidcsökkentő terápiája
Authors: Márk László , Nagy Mária , Dani Győző , Baranyai Csaba , Borbély Marianna , Katona András , Jambrik Zoltán 
Published: March 2018

Abstract: Introduction: The actual guidelines of cardiovascular prevention lay special emphasis on the lipid-lowering therapy of patients suffering from acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Aim: To evaluate the occurrence of high-intensity statin therapy, recommended by guidelines, at discharge in a Hungarian county hospital with hemodynamic laboratory in patients who underwent percutaneous intervention, furthermore the LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) levels and goal attainment rate in the first year. Method: Retrospective data collection from the hospital database regarding the therapy at discharge and the lipid levels in the year following the intervention due to ACS in 2015. Results: Due to ACS event, 454 patients had coronary intervention in 2015, at discharge more than 90% of them received high-intensity statin (more than 80% rosuvastatin, 40 mg) or corresponding combination therapy. In 154 cases we found half-year lipid results; the median of LDL-C was 1.9 mmol/L, the 1.8 mmol/L target value attainment rate was 48.7%. Results after one year were found in 292 cases (73% without the deceased and foreign patients); the LDL-C median proved to be 2.0 mmol/L, the target level attainment rate was 37.3%. There was no significant difference between the results of patients from the three different ACS forms and between those of men and women. Conclusions: The lipid lowering therapy of the revascularized patients who come back for medical visits is acceptable, but greater emphasis has to be laid on increasing the rate of controlled patients compared to the present two-thirds. Orv Hetil. 2018; 159(12): 478–484.
Kortárs egészségfejlesztési programok közvetlen hatása alsó tagozatos gyermekek kézhigiénés tudására és megfelelő kézmosási technikájára
Authors: Lehotsky Ákos , Falus András , Lukács Ágnes , Füzi Andrea Rita , Gradvohl Edina , Mészárosné Darvay Sarolta , Bihariné Krekó Ilona , Berta Kata , Deák Alexandra , Feith Helga Judit 
Published: March 2018

Abstract: Introduction and aim: In the case of primary school children in Budapest (n = 165), data on their social status and their previous knowledge on hand hygiene were elicited with the help of pre-knowledge questionnaires issued by students of higher education. The aim of the research was introducing a novel pedagogical procedure – application and optimization of peer education in the development of proper hand hygiene among primary school students. Method: The knowledge-based survey was conducted after four (n = 85) and eight hours of teaching (n = 36). In addition, the effectiveness of hand washing was tested immediately before (n = 166) and after the four (n = 74) and eight hours of teaching (n = 35) with Semmelweis Scanner after rubbing the hand with fluorescent cream. Results: Prior knowledge of hand hygiene significantly increased after the four-hour and eight-hour trainings. In the case of smaller children, the effect of the eight-hour training was more pronounced. Similar results were obtained with regards to the changes in the number of areas missed while rubbing the surface of the hand as a result of the teaching. Conclusion: Sociological surveys on hand hygiene knowledge and direct physical measurements indicate that training with appropriate pedagogical procedures is effective and contributes to the environmentally conscious hygiene culture of children aged 6 to 10. Orv Hetil. 2018; 159(12): 485–490.
TEKNIK PENGAMATAN FEKUNDITAS DAN DIAMETER TELUR LOBSTER PASIR (Panulirus homarus) DI PERAIRAN PESISIR PANGANDARAN, JAWA BARAT
Authors: Kuslani Henra , Sumindar Sumindar 
Published: March 2018

Lobster pasir atau (Panulirus homarus) merupakan salah satu jenis lobster yang memiliki nilai ekonomis penting dan banyak ditangkap di perairan Indonesia, salah satunya di sekitar perairan pesisir Pangandaran, Jawa Barat. Menurut Aisyah et al., (2009) dua jenis lobster dominan di perairan Selatan Jawa yakni lobster pasir dan lobster batu.
UJI COBA KOTAK PENYIMPANAN IKAN BERPENDINGIN Thermo Electric Cooler (TEC) UNTUK KAPAL IKAN SKALA KECIL
Authors: Wibowo Siswanto , Sunarno Sunarno , Widodo Tri 
Published: March 2018

Kerusakan atau penurunan mutu ikan dapat terjadi segera setelah ikan mengalami kematian. Cara yang paling penting untuk memperlambat penurunan mutu ikan adalah dengan menurunkan suhu ikan secepat mungkin dan menjaganya tetap rendah. Untuk itu perlu adanya sarana penyimpanan ikan yang baik supaya bisa untuk menjaga mutu atau kualitas ikan. Sarana penyimpanan ikan pada kapal penangkap ikan berukuran kecil (d”5GT), pada umumnya masih menggunakan coolbox atau kotak styrofoam (gabus). Sedangkan pada kapal penangkap ikan berukuran besar (>5GT) sudah memanfaatkan teknologi palka ikan berinsulasi.
BAKTERI ASOSIASI PADA KARANG SCLERACTINIA KAITANNYA DENGAN FENOMENA LA-NINA DI PULAU BUNAKEN
Authors: Ampou Eghbert Elvan , Triyulianti Iis , Nugroho Suciadi C. 
Published: March 2018

Penelitian tentang karang keras (Scleractinian coral) yang terkontaminasi bakteri relatif masih kurang dilakukan khususnya di perairan Indonesia. Untuk itu dilakukan kegiatan penelitian di Taman Nasional Bunaken pada dua periode yakni Mei 2010 (musim peralihan I) dan Agustus 2011 (Monsoon II). Penelitian ini difokuskan pada kontaminasi bakteri gram positif (+) dan gram negatif (-). Metode yang dilakukan untuk pengambilan sampel di lapangan adalah time swim dimana menyelam pada kedalaman 5-10 meter selama kurang lebih 30 menit dan mengambil sampel mucus karang secara acak/random dengan menggunakan siring atau mengambil sampel secara langsung pada karang (fraksi cabang) pada lokasi yang sama. Sampel dianalisis dengan proses isolasi bakteri di laboratorium. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada Mei 2010 bakteri gram positif lebih mendominasi dari gram negatif, sebaliknya Agustus 2011 bakteri gram negatif yang lebih dominan dari gram positif. Indikasi faktor penyebab terjadinya bakteri gram positif yang lebih dominan khususnya di tahun 2010 ialah fenomena La-Nina yang terjadi selama periode tersebut. Perubahan suhu rata-rata yang terjadi pada kedua musim tersebut menjadi salah satu faktor yang merangsang pertumbuhan kedua kelompok bakteri ini. Perlu dilakukan penelitian lebih lanjut khususnya dalam menentukan jenis bakterinya dan pengambilan sampel pada setiap musim.
POTENSI CNG (COMPRESSED NATURAL GAS) SEBAGAI ALTERNATIF BAHAN BAKAR KAPAL PENANGKAP IKAN BERUKURAN PANJANG 11 M
Authors: Bintoro Iman Anugerah , Iskandar Budhi Hascaryo , Novita Yopi , Imron Mohammad 
Published: March 2018

Nelayan dalam melaksanakan operasi penangkapan ikan mengalami tantangan dari berbagai faktor, terutama dalam hal pemenuhan kebutuhan ekonomi. Faktor eksternal yang menghambat adalah ikan impor yang menguasai pasar tradisional di sentra kelautan, cuaca buruk serta gelombang tinggi. Faktor internal yang menghambat adalah tingginya biaya operasional, terutama biaya bahan bakar yang merupakan variabel dominan dalam biaya operasional.Permasalahan harga bahan bakar bagi nelayan adalah masalah laten. Berdasarkan paparan diatas, perlu adanya upaya untuk mengurangi mengurangi ketergantungan terhadap ketersediaan bahan bakar minyak, dalam hal ini solar. Salah satu upaya yang dapat dilakukan adalah dengan menerapkan dual fuel dalam penggunaan bahan bakar kapal, yaitu mengkombinasikan penggunaan bahan bakar solar dengan Compressed Natural Gas (CNG). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat secara teknis apakah pemakaian bahan bakar tersebut menghasilkan keunggulan dan instalasinya tidak secara drastis mengurangi stabilitas kapal serta apakah secara ekonomis pemakaian bahan bakar tersebut dapat mengurangi biaya operasional. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah eksperimental dalam menganalisa potensi operasional mesin serta simulasi numerik dalam menganalisa pengaruh instalasi sistem bahan bakar terhadap stabilitas kapal. Data akan dianalisa dengan menggunakan metode multi criteria analysis. Dari hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa pada potensi operasional mesin, bahan bakar dual fuel memiliki keunggulan baik secara teknis dan ekonomis, sedangkan pada potensi stabilitas kapal, secara teknis desain 2 memiliki stabilitas yang sama baik dengan desain 3. Pada potensi kombinasi, komposisi yang terbaik adalah penggunaan bahan bakar dual fuel dengan desain 3.
INTEGRASI SISTEM MONITORING BERBASIS MIKROKONTROLLER UNTUK PEMANTAUAN KUALITAS AIR DAN CUACA DI DANAU DENGAN TEKNOLOGI MINIBUOY
Authors: Mahabror Dendy , . Waryanto 
Published: March 2018

Indonesia memiliki banyak danau besar dan kecil. Aktivitas budidaya di danau banyak dilakukan khususnya budidaya ikan air tawar. Proses budidaya air tawar tidak dapat terlepas dari kualitas perairan, rendahnya kualitas perairan menunjukkan adanya polutan sehingga keseimbangan perairan terganggu yang menyebabkan terjadinya gagal panen atau kematian ikan dalam waktu yang singkat. Selain parameter kualitas air, kondisi cuaca juga menjadi faktor pemicu terhadap perubahan kualitas perairan. Pemantauan kualitas perairan dan cuaca secara kontinyu (realtime) sangat dibutuhkan untuk mendeteksi dini jika terjadi perubahan kualitas air secara mendadak. Sistem pemantauan yang cocok untuk digunakan di lingkungan seperti ini adalah autonomous minibuoy technology. Perencanaan desain awal teknologi minibuoy dengan melakukan kajian awal desain struktur dan uji integrasi perangkat sensor dan logger berbasis mikrokontroller tipe AtMega 128 serta dilengkapi perangkat komunikasi data GPRS (General Packet Radio Service) agar dapat beroperasi secara otomatis dan kontinyu. Untuk desain awal struktur minibuoy didapatkan desain yang kecil dan padat dengan berat total termasuk perangkat elektrikal sebesar 60 kg. Uji fungsi sensor dan perangkat elektrikal di lapangan selama 3 jam menghasilkan kemampuan pengukuran dan perekaman yang memiliki tingkat kestabilan dan akurasi yang tinggi.
IDENTIFIKASI POTENSI BAHAYA DAN TEKNOLOGI KESELAMATAN KERJA PADA OPERASI PERIKANAN PAYANG DI PALABUHANRATU, JAWA BARAT
Authors: Purwangka Fis , Wisudo Sugeng Hari , Iskandar Budhi H. , Haluan John 
Published: March 2018

Penyebab utama kecelakaan laut yang berujung pada hilangnya nyawa manusia adalah murni kesalahan manusia (human error). Penyebab lainnya adalah pengabaian yang dilakukan oleh penyelenggara transportasi laut dan instansi-instansi terkait, serta perlengkapan keselamatan transportasi laut yang jauh dari memadai. Khusus pada kegiatan perikanan, sebanyak 80 persen faktor kecelakaan laut disebabkan oleh kealpaan manusia. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi bahaya pada teknologi penangkapan ikan yang saat ini digunakan nelayan dengan mengidentifikasi risiko keselamatan kerja nelayan yang disebabkan oleh human error dan melakukan pengukuran kemungkinan terjadinya human error serta memberikan rekomendasi untuk mengurangi risiko yang disebabkan oleh human error. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Formal Safety Assessment (FSA) dengan melakukan pengamatan langsung aktivitas penangkapan ikan pada perikanan payang. Unsur manusia dapat dimasukkan ke dalam proses FSA dengan menggunakan analisis keandalan manusia (Human Reliability Analysis). Tahapan HRA yang dilakukan adalah dengan mengidentifikasi aktivitas/tugas secara rinci dengan Hierarchical Task Analysis (HTA). Tahap kedua adalah melakukan penilaian risiko dengan menggunakan Human error Assessment and Reduction Technique (HEART). Tahap yang terakhir adalah memilih opsi pengendalian risiko yang konsisten terhadap aktivitas yang diamati dengan menggunakan Fault Tree Analysis (FTA). Aktivitas yang memiliki peluang risiko terbesar terjadi pada aktivitas pengoperasian alat tangkap pada saat pemasangan (setting) alat tangkap. Peluang konsekuensi kecelakaan kerja terbesar adalah aktivitas pengangkatan alat tangkap (hauling). Pilihan minimalisasi human error, secara umum adalah dengan melakukan perencanaan pelayaran, pemilihan ABK yang kompeten, melakukan aktivitas secara aman dan mempersiapkan alat perlindungan diri (APD) saat melakukan aktivitas atau berada di atas perahu.
KOMPARASI METODE DAYA DUKUNG AXIAL PADA TIANG PANCANG TUNGGAL (STUDI KASUS JETTY BARGE LOADING CONVEYOR, MEULABOH)
Authors: Rachman Mudzakkir Maulana , Armono Haryo Dwito , Sambodho Kriyo 
Published: March 2018

Pondasi tiang pancang merupakan salah satu faktor penting dalam struktur bangunan pantai, salah satunya adalah dermaga. Sebelum melaksanakan tahap konstruksi, perlu diketahui daya dukung tiang pancang axial yang merupakan besaran beban yang akan diterima. Studi ini dilakukan dengan menghitung perbedaan kapasitas daya dukung tiang pancang dengan diameter 600 mm yang digunakan pada Proyek Jetty Barge Loading Conveyor di Meulaboh dengan memperbandingan metode persamaan Meyerhof (1956) dan regulasi yang tertuang dalam The Overseas Coastal Area Development Institute Of Japan, OCDI (2002). Hasil perbandingan ke dua metode tersebut diperoleh daya dukung pondasi tiang pancang dengan menggunakan Metode Meyerhof yang menghasilkan daya dukung seberat 139,17 ton dan Metode OCDI menghasilkan daya dukung seberat 125,55 ton. Hasil studi ini merekomendasikan penggunaan persamaan dari Metode OCDI (2002) dikarenakan daya dukung tiang pancang yang digunakan dihitung berdasar kondisi kritis dan berada di lokasi yang rawan.