bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trends of Abortion Care Utilization in a Medical College of Western Region of Nepal
Authors: Shrestha R , Adhikari P 
Published: August 2018

Introduction: Unsafe abortion is one of the important issues in reproductive and women’s health in developing countries. Social values and stigmas have much role and have been obstacle in countries like Nepal for the utilization of safe abortion services.Objectives: This study helps to provide brief overview of the pattern of abortion and its associated factors in a centre providing safe abortion services.Methods: This is a retrospective study carried out in Gandaki Medical College Teaching Hospital after reviewing the records of all the women who underwent Manual Vacuum Aspiration (MVA). Age, gravida, week of gestation and type of abortion were noted and analysed.Results: Maximum number of women belonged to age group of 25-29 and is primigravida. Most of them presented at fifth to ninth weeks of gestation and had incomplete abortion.Conclusions: Awareness and education regarding the availability of safe abortion services and its practice would improve the women’s reproductive health and well being. J-GMC-N | Volume 11 | Issue 01 | January-June 2018, Page: 14-16
Regimes of Truth and Other Revelations
Authors: Johnson Gareth J 
Published: August 2018

Introduction to the tenth issue of Exchanges, and the first issue under a new Senior Editor and subtitle alike. This issue has a themed section with several articles addressing the topic of Truth and Evidence, from differing and unique disciplinary perspectives. Alongside this, the journal also contains interviews, and closes with a critical reflection on a law conference. This article introduces the issue, an overview of its contents and moreover provides insights into the developmental progress of the journal itself.
O DIREITO DE AÇÃO COMO INSTRUMENTO DE TUTELA DOS DIREITOS HUMANOS
Authors: Guerra Sidney , Figueira Tonetto Fernanda 
Published: August 2018

<p>As teorias da ação podem ser abordadas no quadro da evolução estatal, dentro de sua concepção de função protetiva dos direitos fundamentais constitucionalmente assegurados, mas igualmente centrando-se no estudo da evolução da concepção de jurisdição internacional e da própria ideia de indivíduo como sujeito de direito internacional, para então compreender de que forma se estabelece e se consolida o direito de ação nas Cortes internacionais, que acabam por identificar direitos fundantes que se sobrelevam a qualquer espécie de relativismo. É nesse sentido que o direito de ação pode ser abordado enquanto direito instrumental garantidor da existência de um núcleo mínimo de direitos humanos, chegando mesmo a ser pensado como um direito universal. </p>
Authors: Darminta I Ketut , Arka I Gusti Putu , Ardana I Wayan Raka , Adi I Putu Sendian Wahyu 
Published: August 2018

Epoch progress will progressively claim the make-up of Human Resource quality. Quality this mounting will push the creation various appliance to facilitate the work human being in all life aspect. Appliance created have to pay attention to the aspect of effectiveness and efficiency. This research aim to to design the simulation of lamp of spot of graduation podium to work automatically base on the mikrokontroller ATMEGA328P movement to by activator of motor servo and control by censor move ping. Information to be yielded in the form of appearance of serial number graduation at LCD and voice of call of serial number graduation with the module of MP3 player shield. Methodologies data collecting in this research with the study of book and observation and also data record-keeping to used appliance examination. Method of scheme software use the language of Arduino and scheme hardware, conducted to be reached the maximal result. Result from scheme of simulation of lamp of spot of graduation podium automatically base on the mikrokontroller ATMEGA328P able to walk better follow the band which have been determined and outcome information wanted have also according to.
AKTUALISASI KEGIATAN BELA NEGARA DI SEKOLAH
Authors: Taqo Sidqi Kholfan Zubair 
Published: August 2018

AbstrakSekolah bukan hanya tempat sekedar menuntut ilmu pada dimensi formal saja. Sekolah sebagai tempat untuk belajar, beraktualisasi, serta bersosialisasi sebagai bagian dari kebutuhan peserta didik. Jika sekolah hanya tempat untuk menuntut ilmu dan mendapat ijazah, maka persepsi tersebut kurang tepat. Banyak sekali kontribusi sekolah bagi generasi muda Indonesia. Segala aspek formal keilmuan mereka dapatkan di sekolah. Lebih dari itu, sekolah sebagai kawah candradimuka, atau lembaga pendidikan formal memiliki tugas penting dalam rangka menyiapkan generasi muda yang siap pakai. Sekolah juga sebagai wahana untuk mendidik para anak bangsa menjadi bertaqwa,terampil, berbudi pekerti luhur, cinta tanah air, serta sehat jasmani dan rohani. Penyelenggaraan bela negara di sekolah disadari atau tidak direalisasikan melalui pendidikan agama, pendidikan kewarganegaraan, upacara bendera, penyelenggaraan ibadah di sekolah, kegiatan ekstrakulikuler seperti Pramuka, PMR, Karawitan, seni tari, sebagai kegiatan yang sarat bermuatan pembentukan karakter, kepedulian kepada sesama, serta kecintaan kepada budaya asli nusantara. Tentunya sekolah telah menyelenggarakan kegiatan bermuatan bela negara sesuai dengan usia, fisik, psikhis, peserta didik. Kata kunci: Aktualisasi, Bela Negara, dan Sekolah AbstractSchool is not just a place to study science in the formal dimension only. School as a place to learn, actualize, and socialize as part of the needs of learners.If the school is just a place to study.and get a diploma, then the perception is less precise. Lots of school contribution for the young generation of Indonesia. All formal aspects of scholarship they get in school.Moreover, the school as a crater candradimuka, or formal educational institution has an important task in order to prepareyoung generation ready to use. The school is also a vehicle to educate the children of the nation to become devoted, skilled, virtuous noble character, love the homeland, andas well as physically and mentally healthy. The organization of state defense in schools is realized or not realized through religious education, civic education, ceremony of flag, organizing worship in schools, extracurricular activities such as Scouting, Youth Redcross, Karawitan, dance, as a loaded activitywhich is full of character formation, caring for others, and love for indigenous cultureindigenous culture of archipelago. Obviously the school has organized activities defending the state according to age, physical, psychological, learners.Keywords: Actualization, State Defense, and School
HST Astrometry in the 30 Doradus Region. II. Runaway Stars from New Proper Motions in the Large Magellanic Cloud
Authors: Platais Imants , Lennon Daniel J. , van der Marel Roeland P. , Bellini Andrea , Sabbi Elena , Watkins Laura L. , Sohn Sangmo T. , Walborn Nolan R. , Bedin Luigi R. , Evans Christopher J. , de Mink Selma E. , Sana Hugues , Herrero Artemio , Langer Norbert , Crowther Paul 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
We present a catalog of relative proper motions for 368,787 stars in the 30 Doradus region of the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC), based on a dedicated two-epoch survey with the Hubble Space Telescope and supplemented with proper motions from our pilot archival study. We demonstrate that a relatively short epoch difference of three years is sufficient to reach a level of precision of ∼0.1 mas yr−1 or better. A number of stars with relative proper motions exceeding a 3σ error threshold represent a mixture of Milky Way denizens and 18 potential LMC runaway stars. Based upon 183 VFTS OB stars with the best proper motions, we conclude that none of them moves faster than ∼0.3 mas yr−1 in each coordinate—equivalent to ∼70 km s−1. Among the remaining 351 VFTS stars with less accurate proper motions, only one candidate OB runaway can be identified. We rule out any OB star in our sample moving at a tangential velocity exceeding ∼120 km s−1. The most significant result of this study is finding 10 stars over a wide range of masses that appear to have been ejected from the massive star cluster R136 in the tangential plane to angular distances from 35″ out to 407″, equivalent to 8–98 pc. The tangential velocities of these runaways appear to be correlated with apparent magnitude, indicating a possible dependence on the stellar mass. Lastly, a comparison to proper motions from Gaia DR 2 shows that for several relatively bright stars the DR 2 has an unexpected scatter that cannot be accounted for by the formal errors.
A Study of Hα Line Profile Variations in β Lyr
Authors: Ignace Richard , Gray Sharon K. , Magno Macon A. , Henson Gary D. , Massa Derck 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
We examine over 160 archival Hα spectra from the Ritter Observatory for the interacting binary β Lyr obtained between 1996 and 2000. The emission is characteristically double-peaked, but asymmetric, and with an absorption feature that is persistently blueshifted. Using a set of simplifying assumptions, phase varying emission line profiles are calculated for Hα formed entirely in a Keplerian disk, and separately for the line formed entirely from an off-center bipolar flow. However, a dynamic spectrum of the data indicates that the blueshifted feature is not always present, and the data are even suggestive of a drift of the feature in velocity shift. We explore whether a circumbinary envelope, hot spot on the accretion disk, or accretion stream could explain the observations. While none are satisfactory, an accretion stream explanation is somewhat promising.
Investigating the Nature of Late-time High-energy GRB Emission through Joint Fermi/Swift Observations
Authors: Ajello M. , Baldini L. , Barbiellini G. , Bastieri D. , Bellazzini R. , Bissaldi E. , Blandford R. D. , Bonino R. , Bottacini E. , Bregeon J. , Bruel P. , Buehler R. , Cameron R. A. , Caputo R. , Caraveo P. A. , Chiaro G. , Ciprini S. , Cohen-Tanugi J. , Costantin D. , D’Ammando F. , de Palma F. , Di Lalla N. , Di Mauro M. , Di Venere L. , Domínguez A. , Favuzzi C. , Franckowiak A. , Fukazawa Y. , Funk S. , Fusco P. , Gargano F. , Gasparrini D. , Giglietto N. , Giordano F. , Giroletti M. , Green D. , Grenier I. A. , Guiriec S. , Holt C. , Horan D. , Jóhannesson G. , Kocevski D. , Kuss M. , Mura G. La , Larsson S. , Li J. , Longo F. , Loparco F. , Lubrano P. , Magill J. D. , Maldera S. , Manfreda A. , Mazziotta M. N. , Michelson P. F. , Mizuno T. , Monzani M. E. , Morselli A. , Negro M. , Nuss E. , Omodei N. , Orienti M. , Orlando E. , Paliya V. S. , Perkins J. S. , Persic M. , Pesce-Rollins M. , Piron F. , Principe G. , Racusin J. L. , Rainò S. , Rando R. , Razzano M. , Razzaque S. , Reimer A. , Reimer O. , Sgrò C. , Siskind E. J. , Spandre G. , Spinelli P. , Tak D. , Thayer J. B. , Torres D. F. , Tosti G. , Valverde J. , Vogel M. , Wood K. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
We use joint observations by the Swift X-ray Telescope (XRT) and the Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) of gamma-ray burst (GRB) afterglows to investigate the nature of the long-lived high-energy emission observed by Fermi LAT. Joint broadband spectral modeling of XRT and LAT data reveals that LAT nondetections of bright X-ray afterglows are consistent with a cooling break in the inferred electron synchrotron spectrum below the LAT and/or XRT energy ranges. Such a break is sufficient to suppress the high-energy emission so as to be below the LAT detection threshold. By contrast, LAT-detected bursts are best fit by a synchrotron spectrum with a cooling break that lies either between or above the XRT and LAT energy ranges. We speculate that the primary difference between GRBs with LAT afterglow detections and the nondetected population may be in the type of circumstellar environment in which these bursts occur, with late-time LAT detections preferentially selecting GRBs that occur in low wind-like circumburst density profiles. Furthermore, we find no evidence of high-energy emission in the LAT-detected population significantly in excess of the flux expected from the electron synchrotron spectrum fit to the observed X-ray emission. The lack of excess emission at high energies could be due to a shocked external medium in which the energy density in the magnetic field is stronger than or comparable to that of the relativistic electrons behind the shock, precluding the production of a dominant synchrotron self-Compton (SSC) component in the LAT energy range. Alternatively, the peak of the SSC emission could be beyond the 0.1–100 GeV energy range considered for this analysis.
Effect of Upstream ULF Waves on the Energetic Ion Diffusion at the Earth’s Foreshock. II. Observations
Authors: Kis Arpad , Matsukiyo Shuichi , Otsuka Fumiko , Hada Tohru , Lemperger Istvan , Dandouras Iannis , Barta Veronika , Facsko Gabor 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
This study reports observations of energetic ions upstream of the Earth’s quasi-parallel bow shock by Cluster at times when interspacecraft separation distances were large. We analyze two individual upstream ion events during high solar wind velocity conditions to compare the spatial evolution of partial energetic ion densities in front of the Earth’s bow shock along the magnetic field line. Using a bow shock model, we determine the distance of SC1 and SC3 to the bow shock surface parallel to the magnetic field. The CIS-HIA instrument on board Cluster provides partial energetic ion densities in four energy channels between 10 and 32 keV. Using the differences of the partial energetic ion densities observed on SC1 and SC3, and the distances of the spacecraft to the bow shock, we determine the spatial gradient of partial energetic ion densities at various distances from the bow shock. We show, for the first time, that the e-folding distance and the diffusion coefficient of the diffuse ions become unusually small when these ions interact with high-intensity waves generated by a strong field-aligned beam.
Enhanced Rates of Fast Radio Bursts from Galaxy Clusters
Authors: Fialkov Anastasia , Loeb Abraham , Lorimer Duncan R. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Fast radio bursts (FRBs) have so far been detected serendipitously across the sky. We consider the possible enhancement in the FRB rate in the direction of galaxy clusters, and compare the predicted rate from a large sample of galaxy clusters with the expected cosmological mean rate. We show that clusters offer better prospects for a blind survey if the faint end of the FRB luminosity function is steep. We find that for a radio telescope with a ∼1 deg2 beam, the best targets would be either nearby clusters such as Virgo, or clusters at intermediate cosmological distances of few hundred Mpc, which offer maximal number of galaxies per beam. We identify several galaxy clusters which are expected to have a significant excess FRB yield compared with the cosmic mean. The two most promising candidates are the Virgo cluster containing 1598 galaxies and is located 16.5 Mpc away and the S 34 cluster, which contains 3175 galaxies and is located at a distance of 486 Mpc.
The SLUGGS Survey: The Inner Dark Matter Density Slope of the Massive Elliptical Galaxy NGC 1407
Authors: Wasserman Asher , Romanowsky Aaron J. , Brodie Jean , Dokkum Pieter van , Conroy Charlie , Villaume Alexa , Forbes Duncan A. , Strader Jay , Alabi Adebusola , Bellstedt Sabine 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
We investigate the dark matter density profile of the massive elliptical galaxy, NGC 1407, by constructing spherically symmetric Jeans models of its field star and globular cluster systems. Two major challenges in such models are the degeneracy between the stellar mass and the dark matter halo profiles, and the degeneracy between the orbital anisotropy of the tracer population and the total mass causing the observed motions. We address the first issue by using new measurements of the mass-to-light ratio profile from stellar population constraints that include a radially varying initial mass function. To mitigate the mass–anisotropy degeneracy, we make use of multiple kinematic tracers, including two subpopulations of globular clusters in addition to the galaxy’s field stars. We create a hierarchical Bayesian model that addresses several often-neglected systematic uncertainties, such as the statistical weight given to various data sets and the adopted distance. After sampling the posterior probability distribution with a Markov chain Monte Carlo method, we find evidence for a central cusp with a log slope of

, with the quantified systematic uncertainty dominated by choice of anisotropy profile. This is lower than expected for dark matter halos that have undergone adiabatic contraction, supporting inferences from gravitational lensing that some process has suppressed the steepening of halos in massive galaxies. We also confirm radially biased orbits for the metal-rich globular clusters and tangentially biased orbits for the metal-poor globular clusters, which remains a puzzling finding for an accretion-dominated halo.
Laboratory Photochemistry of Pyrene Clusters: An Efficient Way to Form Large PAHs
Authors: Zhen Junfeng , Chen Tao , Tielens Alexander G. G. M. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
In this work, we study the photodissociation processes of small PAH clusters (e.g., pyrene clusters). The experiments are carried out using a quadrupole ion trap in combination with time-of-flight (QIT-TOF) mass spectrometry. The results show that pyrene clusters are converted into larger PAHs under the influence of a strong radiation field. Specifically, pyrene dimer cations (e.g., [C16H10 −C16H9]+ or C32H19
+), will photodehydrogenate and photo-isomerize to fully aromatic cations (PAHs) (e.g., C32H16
+) with laser irradiation. The structure of new formed PAHs and the dissociation energy for these reaction pathways are investigated with quantum chemical calculations. These studies provide a novel efficient evolution routes for the formation of large PAHs in the interstellar medium in a bottom-up process that will counteract the top-down conversion of large PAHs into rings and chains, and provide a reservoir of large PAHs that can be converted into C60 and other fullerenes and large carbon cages.
Production of Silicon on Mass-increasing White Dwarfs: Possible Origin of High-velocity Features in Type Ia Supernovae
Authors: Kato Mariko , Saio Hideyuki , Hachisu Izumi 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) often show high-velocity absorption features (HVFs) in their early phase spectra; however, the origin of the HVFs is unknown. We show that a near-Chandrasekhar-mass white dwarf (WD) develops a silicon-rich layer on a carbon–oxygen (CO) core before it explodes as an SN Ia. We calculated the nuclear yields in successive helium shell flashes for 1.0 M
☉, 1.2 M
☉, and 1.35 M
☉ CO WDs accreting helium-rich matter with several mass-accretion rates, ranging from 1 × 10−7 M
☉ yr−1 to 7.5 × 10−7 M
☉ yr−1. For the 1.35 M
☉ WD with the accretion rate of 1.6 × 10−7 M
☉ yr−1, the surface layer developed as helium burning ash and consisted of 40% 24Mg, 33% 12C, 23% 28Si, and a few percent of 20Ne by weight. For a higher mass-accretion rate of 7.5 × 10−7 M
☉ yr−1, the surface layer consisted of 58% 12C, 31% 24Mg, and 0.43% 28Si. For the 1.2 M
☉ WDs, silicon is produced only for lower mass-accretion rates (2% for 1.6 × 10−7 M
☉ yr−1). No substantial silicon (<0.07%) is produced on the 1.0 M
☉ WD independently of the mass-accretion rate. If the silicon-rich surface layer is the origin of Si ii HVFs, its characteristics are consistent with that of mass-increasing WDs. We also discuss possible Ca production on very massive WDs (≳1.38 M
☉).
Extremely Large Extreme-ultraviolet Late Phase Powered by Intense Early Heating in a Non-eruptive Solar Flare
Authors: Dai Yu , Ding Mingde , Zong Weiguo , Yang Kai E. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
We analyzed and modeled an M1.2 non-eruptive solar flare on 2011 September 9. The flare exhibited a strong late-phase peak of extreme-ultraviolet (EUV) warm coronal emissions (∼3 MK), with peak emission over 1.3 times that of the main flare peak. Multiple flare ribbons are observed, whose evolution indicates a two-stage energy release process. A nonlinear force-free field extrapolation reveals the existence of a magnetic null point, a fan-spine structure, and two flux ropes embedded in the fan dome. Magnetic reconnections involved in the flare are driven by the destabilization and rise of one of the flux ropes. In the first stage, the fast ascending flux rope drives reconnections at the null point and the surrounding quasi-separatrix layer (QSL), while in the second stage, reconnection mainly occurs between the two legs of the field lines stretched by the eventually stopped flux rope. The late-phase loops are mainly produced by the first-stage QSL reconnection, while the second-stage reconnection is responsible for the heating of main flaring loops. The first-stage reconnection is believed to be more powerful, leading to an extremely strong EUV late phase. We find that the delayed occurrence of the late-phase peak is mainly due to the long cooling process of the long late-phase loops. Using the model enthalpy-based thermal evolution of loops, we model the EUV emissions from a late-phase loop. The modeling reveals a peak heating rate of 1.1 erg cm−3 s−1 for the late-phase loop, which is obviously higher than previous values.
First Results of an ALMA Band 10 Spectral Line Survey of NGC 6334I: Detections of Glycolaldehyde (HC(O)CH2OH) and a New Compact Bipolar Outflow in HDO and CS
Authors: McGuire Brett A. , Brogan Crystal L. , Hunter Todd R. , Remijan Anthony J. , Blake Geoffrey A. , Burkhardt Andrew M. , Carroll P. Brandon , van Dishoeck Ewine F. , Garrod Robin T. , Linnartz Harold , Shingledecker Christopher N. , Willis Eric R. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
We present the first results of a pilot program to conduct an Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA) band 10 spectral line survey of the high-mass star-forming region NGC 6334I. The observations were taken in exceptional weather conditions (0.19 mm precipitable water) with typical system temperatures T
sys < 950 K at ∼890 GHz. A bright, bipolar north–south outflow is seen in HDO and CS emission, driven by the embedded massive protostar MM1B. This has allowed, for the first time, a direct comparison of the thermal water in this outflow to the location of water maser emission from prior 22 GHz Very Large Array observations. The maser locations are shown to correspond to the sites along the outflow cavity walls, where high-velocity gas impacts the surrounding material. We also compare our new observations to prior Herschel Heterodyne Instrument for the Far-infrared (HIFI) spectral line survey data of this field, detecting an order of magnitude more spectral lines (695 versus 65) in the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) data. We focus on the strong detections of the complex organic molecule glycolaldehyde (HC(O)CH2OH) in the ALMA data that is not detected in the heavily beam-diluted HIFI spectra. Finally, we stress the need for dedicated THz laboratory spectroscopy to support and exploit future high-frequency molecular line observations with ALMA.