bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Early and mid-term results in the endovascular treatment of popliteal aneurysms with the multilayer flow modulator
Authors: Ucci Alessandro , Curci Ruggiero , Azzarone Matteo , Bianchini Massoni Claudio , Bozzani Antonio , Marcato Carla , Marone Enrico Maria , Perini Paolo , Tecchio Tiziano , Freyrie Antonio , Argenteri Angelo 
Published: April 2018

Background The endovascular approach became an alternative to open surgical treatment of popliteal artery aneurysm over the last few years. Heparin-bonded stent-grafts have been employed for endovascular popliteal artery aneurysm repair, showing good and stable results. Only few reports about the use of multilayer flow modulator are available in literature, providing small patient series and short follow-up. The aim of this study is to report the outcomes of patients with popliteal artery aneurysm treated with the multilayer flow modulator in three Italian centres. Methods We retrospectively analysed a series of both symptomatic and asymptomatic patients with popliteal artery aneurysm treated with the multilayer flow modulator from 2009 to 2015. Follow-up was undertaken with clinical and contrast-enhanced ultrasound examinations at 1, 6 and 12 months, and yearly thereafter. Computed tomography angiography was performed in selected cases. Primary endpoints were aneurysm sac thrombosis; freedom from sac enlargement and primary, primary-assisted and secondary patency during follow-up. Secondary endpoints were technical success, collateral vessels patency, limb salvage and aneurysm-related complications. Results Twenty-three consecutive patients (19 males, age 72 ± 11) with 25 popliteal artery aneurysms (mean diameter 23 mm ± 1, 3 symptomatic patients) were treated with 40 multilayer flow modulators during the period of the study. Median follow-up was 22.6 ± 16.7 months. Complete aneurysm thrombosis occurred in 92.9% of cases (23/25 cases) at 18 months. Freedom from sac enlargement was 100% (25/25 cases) with 17 cases of aneurysm sac shrinkage (68%). At 1, 6, 12 and 24 months, estimated primary patency was 95.7%, 87.3%, 77% and 70.1%, respectively. At the same intervals, primary-assisted patency was 95.7%, 91.3%, 86% and 86%, respectively, and secondary patency was 100%, 95.7%, 90.3% and 90.3%, respectively. Technical success was 100%. The collateral vessels patency was 72.4%. Limb salvage was 91.4% at 24-month follow-up. One multilayer flow modulator fracture was reported in an asymptomatic patient. Conclusions Multilayer flow modulator seems a feasible and safe solution for endovascular treatment of popliteal artery aneurysms in selected patients.
Test–retest reliability of wrist joint position sense in healthy adults in a clinical setting
Authors: Pilbeam Chloë , Hood-Moore Victoria 
Published: April 2018

Introduction Proprioceptive assessments of the wrist inform clinical decision making. In wrist rehabilitation, joint position sense has emerged as one way of assessing conscious proprioception with varying methods and minimal psychometric analysis reported. The purpose of this study was to standardise the wrist joint position sense test method for clinical use and to determine its test–retest reliability in a healthy population. Methods Four wrist positions (20° and 45° flexion, 20° and 45° extension) were measured twice in a random order, by a single rater, using a universal goniometer on the same day. The absolute error in degrees between each position and reposition was calculated. For relative reliability analysis, the intraclass correlation coefficient (3,1) was calculated. For absolute reliability the standard error of the measurement was calculated and Bland–Altman plots visually inspected. Results Fifty-five healthy volunteers (mean age 31.1 SD±10.25 years) were assessed. The mean absolute error, summarised for all positions for test and retest, was 3.98°. The intraclass correlation coefficients were poor to fair (0.07–0.47), and standard error of the measurement was 2° (rounded) for all positions. The limits of agreement were fairly narrow, and the Bland–Altman plots showed random distribution of errors for each position, therefore the measurement error was clinically acceptable. Conclusions The active wrist joint position sense test using goniometry demonstrated poor to fair test–retest reliability and acceptable measurement error in healthy volunteers. The wrist joint position sense angle of 20° flexion was the most reliable.
Evaluation and Management of Subchondral Calcium Phosphate Injection Technique to Treat Bone Marrow Lesion
Authors: Astur Diego Costa , de Freitas Eduardo Vasconcelos , Cabral Pedro Barreira , Morais Caio Carvalho , Pavei Bruno Silveira , Kaleka Camila Cohen , Debieux Pedro , Cohen Moises 
Published: April 2018

Purpose This study aimed to compile available data in medical literature about subchondral calcium phosphate injection, comparing results obtained with this technique, as well as indications, complications, and other important factors in treatment of bone marrow lesions. Designs A literature review using PubMed and Medline database in order to identify works with terms “subchondral calcium phosphate injection,” “ subchondroplasty®,” “bone marrow lesion,” and “knee.” Eight relevant articles were found. Results A total of 164 patients with bone marrow lesion mainly on femoral condyle and tibial plateau recovered with significant functional improvement of knee after subchondral calcium phosphate treatment. Although 25% of them still had some type of pain complaint, they also showed improvement. There were few complications reported and return to activities occurred after 3 months on average. Conclusions Few studies evaluate the result of using subchondral calcium phosphate injection technique. However, all presented favorable results regarding pain and improvement of knee function. In addition, within 2 years, there was a 70% reduction in conversion to total knee arthroplasty in patients with previous surgical indication who choose calcium phosphate treatment.
A quantitative analysis of antipsychotic prescribing trends for the treatment of schizophrenia in England and Wales
Authors: Roberts Rossela , Neasham Abigail , Lambrinudi Chania , Khan Afshan 
Published: April 2018

Objective This study aims to assess the current antipsychotic prescribing trends for the treatment of schizophrenia and to compare them with available guidelines and research evidence. Design An observational retrospective quantitative analysis. Setting Data were collected from the prescribing cost analysis for the period between 2007 and 2014, including all drugs from the British National Formulary 4.2.1 and 4.2.2. Prescriptions were included from primary and secondary healthcare settings in England and Wales. Participants None. Main outcome measures Defined daily doses of antipsychotics were used to compare popularity of individual drugs and classes of antipsychotics. Results There is a consistent increase in the proportion of atypical antipsychotics prescribed, compared to typical antipsychotics, between 2007 and 2014, with atypicals accounting for 79.9% of total antipsychotics prescribed in 2014. Conclusion The consistent popularity of atypical antipsychotics is not concordant with the current National Institute for Health and Care Excellence guidelines for the treatment of schizophrenia or the most recent research evidence.
End-Stage Renal Failure Is an Independent Risk Factor for 1-Year Mortality After Hip Fracture Surgery
Authors: Lo Louise Woon Theng , Yanling Xu , Chou Andrew Chia Chen , Howe Tet Sen , Allen John Carson , Koh Joyce Suang Bee 
Published: April 2018

Introduction: End-stage renal failure (ESRF) with its associated comorbidities increase postoperative mortality in hip fracture patients. This study investigated the association of ESRF with various comorbidities in patients on dialysis and assessed rates ESRF as an independent risk factor for all-cause postoperative 1- year mortality rates. Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study on patients aged 55 years and older who underwent their first nonpathological, low-energy hip fracture surgery at an Asian tertiary hospital from June 2007 to 2012. Patients were identified as cases with ESRF on dialysis (study group) or non-ESRF patients (controls). Various comorbidity factors and postoperative 1-year mortality status were obtained from institutional electronic medical records. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression were used to identify significant risk factors for all-cause, 1-year mortality. Results: With no loss to follow-up, the 1-year postoperative mortality rate was 19.6% for the 46 patients with ESRF on dialysis and 8.4% for non-ESRF controls ( P = .028). Fisher exact test showed that hypertension, ischemic heart disease (IHD), diabetes mellitus (DM), anemia, cerebrovascular disease, and vascular disease were significantly associated with ESRF ( P < .05). Multivariable logistic regression analysis identified ESRF (adjusted odds ratio[AOR] = 2.85, P = .021), cancer (AOR = 3.04, P = .003), IHD (AOR = 2.07, P = .020), DM (AOR = 2.03, P = .022), and age (AOR = 1.08, P <.0001) as independent risk factors for 1-year mortality following hip fracture surgery. The area under the receiver–operating characteristic curve (95% confidence interval) for the multivariable predictor of 1-year mortality was 0.75 (0.60-0.82). Conclusions: Although associated with multiple comorbidities, ESRF was found to be independently predictive of 1-year mortality in patients undergoing hip fracture surgery, second to cancer in terms of magnitude of risk posed. As ESRF is a negative prognostic factor for 1-year mortality after hip fracture surgery, its importance should be recognized with implications on preoperative counseling to patients about the increased risk and implications on fracture prevention.
On Allocation Contests for Publicly Provided Goods
Authors: Sen Arijit 
Published: April 2018

In many countries, the government provides goods and services that are rival in consumption—essential commodities, such as water, public transportation and basic health care, and merit goods like professional education and tertiary health care. For such goods, the government has to specify allocation rules under which citizens can access them. Affluent citizens often have the incentive and the ability to influence public allocation rules by engaging in allocation contests. This article presents simple models of allocation contests for a divisible essential commodity and an indivisible merit good, and studies contest equilibria and their implications for social outcomes. Given allocation contests over public provision, falling public supply of an essential commodity can have magnified negative impact on social welfare, and raising the reservation quota of a publicly provided merit good for a set of disadvantaged citizens might effectively lower their access to the good. JEL: C72, D61, H42
Xanthine oxidase inhibition for the improvement of long-term outcomes following ischaemic stroke and transient ischaemic attack (XILO-FIST) – Protocol for a randomised double blind placebo-controlled clinical trial
Authors: Dawson Jesse , Broomfield Niall , Dani Krishna , Dickie David A , Doney Alex , Forbes Kirsten , Houston Graeme , Kean Sharon , Lees Kennedy , McConnachie Alex , Muir Keith W , Quinn Terry , Struthers Allan , Walters Matthew 
Published: April 2018

Background Allopurinol, a xanthine oxidase inhibitor, reduced progression of carotid-intima media thickness and lowered blood pressure in a small clinical trial in people with ischaemic stroke. Xanthine oxidase inhibition for improvement of long-term outcomes following ischaemic stroke and transient ischaemic attack (XILO-FIST) aims to assess the effect of allopurinol treatment on white matter hyperintensity progression and blood pressure after stroke. This paper describes the XILO-FIST protocol. Methods XILO-FIST is a multicentre randomised double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel group clinical trial funded by the British Heart Foundation and the Stroke Association. The trial has been adopted by the Scottish Stroke Research Network and the UK Clinical Research Network. The trial is registered in clinicaltrials.gov (registration number NCT02122718). XILO-FIST will randomise 464 participants, aged greater than 50 years, with ischaemic stroke within the past month, on a 1:1 basis, to two years treatment with allopurinol 300 mg twice daily or placebo. Participants will undergo brain magnetic resonance imaging, cognitive assessment, ambulatory blood pressure monitoring and blood sampling at baseline and after two years treatment. The primary outcome will be white matter hyperintensity progression, measured using the Rotterdam progression scale. Secondary outcomes will include change in white matter hyperintensity volume, mean day-time systolic blood pressure and measures of cognitive function. Up to 100 will undergo additional cardiac magnetic resonance imaging in a sub-study of left ventricular mass. Discussion If white matter hyperintensity progression is reduced, allopurinol could be an effective preventative treatment for patients with ischaemic stroke and clinical endpoint studies would be needed. If allopurinol reduces blood pressure after stroke, then it could be used to help patients reach blood pressure targets.
Ophiolite-related associations of platinum-group minerals at Rudnaya, western Sayans and Miass, southern Urals, Russia
Authors: Barkov Andrei Y. , Tolstykh Nadezhda D. , Shvedov Gennadiy I. , Martin Robert F. 
Published: April 2018

ABSTRACTWe describe similar assemblages of minerals found in two placers in Russia, both probably derived from an ophiolitic source. The first is located along the River Rudnaya in the western Sayan province, Krasnoyarskiy kray, and the second pertains to the Miass placer zone, Chelyabinsk oblast, in the southern Urals. The platinum-group element (PGE) mineralization in both cases is mostly (at least 80%) represented by alloy minerals in the system Ru–Os–Ir, in the order of occurrence osmium, ruthenium and iridium. The remainder consists of Pt–Fe alloys and species of PGE sulfides, arsenides, sulfarsenides, etc. The associated olivine and amphiboles are supermagnesian, and the chromian spinel has a high Cr# value. The observed enrichment in Ru, typical of an ophiolitic source, may be due to high-temperature hydrothermal equilibration and mobilization in the ophiolite, as is the enrichment in Mg and Cr. Low-temperature replacement of the alloys led to the development of laurite, sulfoarsenides and arsenides. Some placer grains in both suites reveal unusual phases of sulfo-arsenoantimonides of Ir–Rh, e.g. the unnamed species (Rh,Ir)SbS and (Cu,Ni)1+x(Ir,Rh)1–xSb, wherex= 0.2, and rhodian tolovkite, (Ir,Rh)SbS. Two series of natural solid-solutions appear to occur in the tolovkite-type phases. Among the oddities in the Rudnaya suite are globules of micrometric PGE sulfides, crystallites of platinum-group minerals, amphibole, and chalcopyrite bearing skeletal micrometric monosulfide-like compounds (Cu,Pt,Rh)S and (Pd,Cu)S1–x. Pockets of fluxed evolved melt seem to have persisted well below the solidus of the host Pt3Fe-type alloy.
Factor VIIa induces anti-inflammatory signaling via EPCR and PAR1
Authors: Kondreddy Vijay , Wang Jue , Keshava Shiva , Esmon Charles T. , Rao L. Vijaya Mohan , Pendurthi Usha R. 
Published: April 2018

Key Points
The coagulation protease FVIIa attenuates TNF-α- and LPS-induced inflammation both in vitro and in vivo via an EPCR-dependent mechanism. FVIIa-EPCR-PAR1-mediated anti-inflammatory signaling transmits through the β-arrestin-1-dependent pathway.
RNA-based FLT3-ITD allelic ratio is associated with outcome and ex vivo response to FLT3 inhibitors in pediatric AML
Authors: Cucchi David G. J. , Denys Barbara , Kaspers Gertjan J. L. , Janssen Jeroen J. W. M. , Ossenkoppele Gert J. , de Haas Valérie , Zwaan C. Michel , van den Heuvel-Eibrink Marry M. , Philippé Jan , Csikós Tamás , Kwidama Zinia , de Moerloose Barbara , de Bont Eveline S. J. M. , Lissenberg-Witte Birgit I. , Zweegman Sonja , Verwer Femke , Vandepoele Karl , Schuurhuis Gerrit Jan , Sonneveld Edwin , Cloos Jacqueline 
Published: April 2018

Key Points
FLT3-ITD-AR measurement based on RNA, but not DNA, is predictive for survival with a cutoff point of 0.5. FLT3-ITD-AR is associated with an ex vivo response to FLT3 inhibition with gilteritinib.
Zinc finger–IRF composite elements bound by Ikaros/IRF4 complexes function as gene repression in plasma cell
Authors: Ochiai Kyoko , Kondo Haruka , Okamura Yasunobu , Shima Hiroki , Kurokochi Yuko , Kimura Kazumi , Funayama Ryo , Nagashima Takeshi , Nakayama Keiko , Yui Katsuyuki , Kinoshita Kengo , Igarashi Kazuhiko 
Published: April 2018

Key Points
The Ikaros/IRF4 complex represses Ebf1 expression by binding to composite elements within the locus. Ezh2 expression is induced by the Batf/IRF4 complex and the Ebf1-Pax5-Bach2 axis.
Pilot trial of ibrutinib in patients with relapsed or refractory T-cell lymphoma
Authors: Kumar Anita , Vardhana Santosha , Moskowitz Alison J. , Porcu Pierluigi , Dogan Ahmet , Dubovsky Jason A. , Matasar Matthew J. , Zhang Zhigang , Younes Anas , Horwitz Steven M. 
Published: April 2018

Key Points
Ibrutinib has limited clinical efficacy in patients with relapsed or refractory peripheral T-cell lymphoma or cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. Ibrutinib inhibits ITK.
Performance of InSilicoVA for assigning causes of death to verbal autopsies: multisite validation study using clinical diagnostic gold standards
Authors: Flaxman Abraham D. , Joseph Jonathan C. , Murray Christopher J. L. , Riley Ian Douglas , Lopez Alan D. 
Published: April 2018

Abstract

Background
Recently, a new algorithm for automatic computer certification of verbal autopsy data named InSilicoVA was published. The authors presented their algorithm as a statistical method and assessed its performance using a single set of model predictors and one age group.

Methods
We perform a standard procedure for analyzing the predictive accuracy of verbal autopsy classification methods using the same data and the publicly available implementation of the algorithm released by the authors. We extend the original analysis to include children and neonates, instead of only adults, and test accuracy using different sets of predictors, including the set used in the original paper and a set that matches the released software.

Results
The population-level performance (i.e., predictive accuracy) of the algorithm varied from 2.1 to 37.6% when trained on data preprocessed similarly as in the original study. When trained on data that matched the software default format, the performance ranged from −11.5 to 17.5%. When using the default training data provided, the performance ranged from −59.4 to −38.5%. Overall, the InSilicoVA predictive accuracy was found to be 11.6–8.2 percentage points lower than that of an alternative algorithm. Additionally, the sensitivity for InSilicoVA was consistently lower than that for an alternative diagnostic algorithm (Tariff 2.0), although the specificity was comparable.

Conclusions
The default format and training data provided by the software lead to results that are at best suboptimal, with poor cause-of-death predictive performance. This method is likely to generate erroneous cause of death predictions and, even if properly configured, is not as accurate as alternative automated diagnostic methods.
A minimal markerset for three‐dimensional foot function assessment: measuring navicular drop and drift under dynamic conditions
Authors: Eichelberger Patric , Blasimann Angela , Lutz Nicole , Krause Fabian , Baur Heiner 
Published: April 2018

AbstractBackgroundThe validity of predicting foot pronation occurring mainly at the midfoot by surrogate measures from the rearfoot, like eversion excursion, is limited. The dynamic navicular mobility in terms of vertical navicular drop (dNDrop) and medial navicular drift (dNDrift) may be regarded as meaningful clinical indicators to represent overall foot function. This study aimed to develop a minimal approach to measure the two parameters and to examine their intra‐ and interday reliability during walking.MethodsThe minimal markerset uses markers at the lateral and medial caput of the 1st and 5th metatarsals, respectively, at the dorsal calcaneus and at the tuberosity of the navicular bone. Dynamic navicular drop and drift were assessed with three‐dimensional motion capture in 21 healthy individuals using a single‐examiner test‐retest study design.ResultsIntra‐ and interday repeatability were 1.1 mm (ICC21 0.97) and 2.3 mm (ICC21 0.87) for dynamic navicular drop and 1.5 mm (ICC21 0.96) and 5.3 mm (ICC21 0.46) for dynamic navicular drift. The contribution of instrumental errors was estimated to 0.25 mm for dynamic navicular drop and 0.86 mm for dynamic navicular drift.ConclusionsInterday reliability was generally worse than intraday reliability primary due to day‐to‐day variations in movement patterns and the contribution of instrumental errors was below 23% for dynamic navicular drop but reached 57% for dynamic navicular drift. The minimal markerset allows to simply transfer the known concepts of navicular drop and drift from quasi‐static clinical test conditions to functional tasks, which is recommended to more closely relate assessments to the functional behavior of the foot.
Hans Asperger, National Socialism, and “race hygiene” in Nazi-era Vienna
Authors: Czech Herwig 
Published: April 2018

AbstractBackgroundHans Asperger (1906–1980) first designated a group of children with distinct psychological characteristics as ‘autistic psychopaths’ in 1938, several years before Leo Kanner’s famous 1943 paper on autism. In 1944, Asperger published a comprehensive study on the topic (submitted to Vienna University in 1942 as his postdoctoral thesis), which would only find international acknowledgement in the 1980s. From then on, the eponym ‘Asperger’s syndrome’ increasingly gained currency in recognition of his outstanding contribution to the conceptualization of the condition. At the time, the fact that Asperger had spent pivotal years of his career in Nazi Vienna caused some controversy regarding his potential ties to National Socialism and its race hygiene policies. Documentary evidence was scarce, however, and over time a narrative of Asperger as an active opponent of National Socialism took hold. The main goal of this paper is to re-evaluate this narrative, which is based to a large extent on statements made by Asperger himself and on a small segment of his published work.MethodsDrawing on a vast array of contemporary publications and previously unexplored archival documents (including Asperger’s personnel files and the clinical assessments he wrote on his patients), this paper offers a critical examination of Asperger’s life, politics, and career before and during the Nazi period in Austria.ResultsAsperger managed to accommodate himself to the Nazi regime and was rewarded for his affirmations of loyalty with career opportunities. He joined several organizations affiliated with the NSDAP (although not the Nazi party itself), publicly legitimized race hygiene policies including forced sterilizations and, on several occasions, actively cooperated with the child ‘euthanasia’ program. The language he employed to diagnose his patients was often remarkably harsh (even in comparison with assessments written by the staff at Vienna’s notorious Spiegelgrund ‘euthanasia’ institution), belying the notion that he tried to protect the children under his care by embellishing their diagnoses.ConclusionThe narrative of Asperger as a principled opponent of National Socialism and a courageous defender of his patients against Nazi ‘euthanasia’ and other race hygiene measures does not hold up in the face of the historical evidence. What emerges is a much more problematic role played by this pioneer of autism research. Future use of the eponym should reflect the troubling context of its origins in Nazi-era Vienna.