bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of the catechol‐O‐methyltransferase Val 158Met polymorphism on theory of mind in obesity
Authors: Caldú Xavier , Ottino‐González Jonatan , Sánchez‐Garre Consuelo , Hernan Imma , Tor Encarnació , Sender‐Palacios María‐José , Dreher Jean‐Claude , Garolera Maite , Jurado María Ángeles 
Published: February 2019

AbstractObesity is often accompanied with psychosocial adjustment problems, such as difficulties in social interactions and social withdrawal. A key aspect of social cognition is theory of mind, which allows inferring mental states, feelings, motivations, and beliefs of others and to use this information to predict their future behaviour. Theory of mind is highly dependent on prefrontal dopaminergic neurotransmission, which is regulated by catechol‐O‐methyltransferase (COMT) activity. We aimed at determining whether theory of mind is altered in obesity and if this ability is modulated by COMT. Fifty patients with obesity and 47 normal‐weight individuals underwent the Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test, the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, and the Vocabulary subscale of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale. The genotype for the COMT Val 158Met functional polymorphism was determined for all subjects. Patients with obesity obtained significantly lower scores in the negative items of the Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test than normal‐weight subjects. Further, an interaction effect was observed between group and COMT genotype. Specifically, the presence of the Met allele was associated to a better identification of negative mental states only in patients with obesity. Our results indicate that obesity is accompanied with difficulties in theory of mind and that this ability is influenced by the COMT genotype.
An integrated performance evaluation of ED‐based spectrum sensing over α−κ−μ and α−κ−μ‐Extreme fading channels
Authors: Rasethuntsa Tau Raphael , Kumar Sandeep 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThis paper presents a comparative performance evaluation of energy detector (ED) under the assumption that the propagation signal experiences fading modeled by the nonlinear generalized α−κ−μ or α−κ−μ‐Extreme fading channels. Novel closed‐form analytical expressions for the average probability of detection and the average area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) are derived in terms of the now highly prevalent bivariate Fox H‐function under single‐user spectrum sensing, cooperative spectrum sensing, and square law selection diversity reception. The results derived in the present work are generic as both channel models are compound distributions containing as special cases several other well‐known fading models such as the Nakagami‐m, Rice, the one‐sided Gaussian distribution, and the Weibull distribution, among others. The performance of ED is evaluated by employing the traditional ROC and AUC curves over additive white Gaussian noise by varying model parameters and observing system performances. Analytical results are verified via Monte Carlo simulations in MATLAB®.
Fuzzy Logic‐based Efficient Interest Forwarding (FLEIF) in Named Data Networking
Authors: Qureshi Zeshan , Shah Peer Azmat , ul Hasan Najam , Yasmin Sadaf , Aadil Farhan , Khan Muhammad Fahad , Nam Yunyoung , Shehzad Sehar Farooq 
Published: February 2019

AbstractContent centric or Named Data Networking (NDN) is expected to replace IP‐based communication in the future Internet architecture. Here, connections are established based on data instead of host addresses. This flexibility helps in decreasing the end‐to‐end delay, as the requested data may be available in any intermediate router's cache. In NDN, a small Interest packet sent on a link results in large sized incoming Data packets on the same link. Therefore, sending multiple Interest packets on a single outgoing face may cause congestion on the returning path. Hence, regulation of Interest packets based on link characteristics is important to avoid congestion. In this paper, an intelligent mechanism based on Neuro‐Fuzzy Logic is proposed for calculating outgoing link prices of each intermediate node. The class of each outgoing link on a router is determined for Interest forwarding in order to avoid congestion. Comparison results show that the proposed method effectively improves throughput by decreasing packet loss ratio.
Association between birth attendant type and delivery site and perinatal outcomes
Authors: Manasyan Albert , Chomba Elwyn , Moore Janet , Wallace Dennis , McClure Elizabeth M. , Koso‐Thomas Marion , Carlo Waldemar A. ,   The NICHD Global Network for Women's and Children's Health Research
Published: February 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo test the hypothesis that modified perinatal mortality, early neonatal mortality, and other measures of perinatal mortality are lower with facility births than with home births among deliveries conducted by traditional birth attendants (TBAs) or nurse‐midwives.MethodThis population‐based observational study used data collected prospectively for home and facility deliveries conducted by TBAs and nurse‐midwives in 13 rural communities in Zambia between September 1, 2009, and December 31, 2015.ResultsWe enrolled 48 956 pregnant women. In adjusted analysis, modified perinatal mortality (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 0.63, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.45–0.88), early neonatal mortality (0.48, 0.33–0.69), and fresh stillbirth/day‐1 neonatal mortality (0.55, 0.38–0.80) were lower among home deliveries than among facility deliveries conducted by TBAs, but did not differ among deliveries conducted by nurse‐midwives. Rates of fresh stillbirth did not differ between home and facility delivery by either TBAs (aOR 1.03, 95% CI 0.64–1.66) or nurse‐midwives (1.19, 0.67–2.10).ConclusionOur findings show significant reductions in modified perinatal mortality, early neonatal mortality, and fresh stillbirth/day‐1 neonatal mortality among home deliveries done by TBAs. This may be explained by robust community structures built by our program and referral bias of complicated cases.
Percutaneous nephrolithotomy in a case of retrorenal colon: A descriptive approach and literature review
Authors: Zgheib Joseph , Abou Zahr Rawad , Issa Bassim , Jabbour Michel 
Published: February 2019

IntroductionPercutaneous nephrolithotomy procedure is generally used to treat stones resistant to other treatment modalities. Colonic perforation even though rare, is a serious complication that increases patient's morbidity. This case report describes the case of a patient with retrorenal colon who underwent percutaneous nephrolithotomy for management of pelvis/lower calyceal staghorn stone.Case presentationA 63‐year‐old female patient presented for the management of a staghorn pelvis‐lower calyceal stone. The patient had a preoperative computed tomography scan of the abdomen and pelvis that showed an incidental finding of left retrorenal colon. Under computed tomography scan guidance, a nephrostomy tube was successfully placed by an interventional radiologist, and then she underwent percutaneous nephrolithotomy.ConclusionThis case report aims to stress on the importance of doing a computed tomography scan whenever a prior abdominal surgery is performed. We strongly believe that gastrointestinal injuries could be avoided by using computed tomography guided access in high risk patients.
Bioinformatic analysis of Cacybp‐associated proteins using human glioma databases
Authors: Xuan Chengmin , Gao Yong , Jin Mingwei , Xu Shumei , Wang Lei , Wang Yuan , Han Rui , Shi Kunpeng , Chen Xincheng , An Qi 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe ubiquitin‐proteasome system is the primary cellular pathway for protein degradation, mediating 80% of intracellular protein degradation. Because of the widespread presence of ubiquitin‐modified protein substrates, ubiquitination can regulate a variety of cellular activities including cell proliferation, apoptosis, autophagy, endocytosis, DNA damage repair, and immune responses. With the continuous generation of genomics data in recent years it has become particularly important to analyze these data effectively and reasonably. Cacybp forms a complex with the E3 ubiquitinated ligase Siah1 to participate in ubiquitination. We analyzed Cacybp‐associated genes using the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and CGGA (Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas) databases and identified 121 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), of which 46 were downregulated and 75 were upregulated. The biological processes, molecular functions, and protein–protein interaction (PPI) network of differential genes were analyzed by Cytoscape software and STRING software. We found no difference in Cacybp expression among different grades of gliomas and there was no significant association between the expression level of Cacybp and the prognosis of patients with glioma in LGG and GBM. © 2019 IUBMB Life, 1–8, 2019
Gingipains impair attachment of epithelial cell to dental titanium abutment surfaces
Authors: Eick Sigrun , Gadzo Naida , Tacchi Manuel , Sculean Anton , Potempa Jan , Stavropoulos Andreas 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe study investigated in vitro the effect of Porphyromonas gingivalis and its cysteine proteases (gingipains) on epithelial cell adhesion to titanium–zirconium alloy surfaces. Titanium–zirconium discs with a standard machined (M) or chemically modified hydrophilic surface (modM) were coated with lamin‐5 and incubated with telomerase‐inactivated gingival keratinocytes (TIGK). Three P. gingivalis strains or gingipains were either added simultaneously with TIGK or after TIGK cells were already attached to the disks. Adhered TIGK cells were counted at 24 h. All P. gingivalis strains clearly inhibited adhesion of TIGK cells to M and modM surfaces. Compared with bacteria/gingipain‐free TIGK cell cultures, the number of attached TIGK cells was reduced by about 80% and 60% when P. gingivalis was added simultaneously or after TIGK cells were already attached to the disks (each p < 0.01), respectively. Counts of attached cells were similarly reduced when only gingipains were used. Adhesion molecules of TIGK cells, in particular E‐cadherin, were cleaved by P. gingivalis. In conclusion, P. gingivalis and gingipains interfere with the adhesion of epithelial cells to titanium–zirconium alloy surfaces by cleaving adhesion molecules, while a chemically modified hydrophilic titanium–zirconium alloy surface did not yield any protection. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 107B:2549–2556, 2019.
Bioremediation of crude oil‐contaminated soil by hydrocarbon‐degrading microorganisms immobilized on humic acid‐modified biofuel ash
Authors: Wang Xiaoling , Zheng Jin , Han Zhantao , Chen Hongkun 
Published: February 2019

AbstractBackgroundSoil contamination with petroleum has long been a major environmental problem. Many methods have been developed for its remediation, including bioremediation, one of the most applied procedures. The biodegradation rate of bioremediation depends on the soil environment and can be enhanced by microorganism immobilization. Here, a modified biofuel ash was proposed as a new highly efficient and inexpensive immobilization carrier and tested experimentally in soil systems.ResultsThe degradation rate of petroleum hydrocarbon in soil by inoculated microorganisms immobilized on humic acid‐modified biofuel ash reached up to 47.8% during 60 days, which was twice as high as that by free microorganisms. In treatments with immobilized microbes, n‐alkanes with C28 and C31–34 were not detected and the degradation rates of C17–19 were 70.6% (unsterilized soil) and 54.2% (sterilized soil). The change in enzymatic activity reflected the basic respiration rate: it gradually increased in the pre‐remediation stage, then decreased, and finally stabilized. Microorganism immobilization carriers had no significant contribution to microbial diversity in unsterilized soil, but they increased in sterilized soil.ConclusionsHumic acid‐modified biofuel ash inoculated with microorganisms improves the degradability of petroleum and biodiversity in soil without microbes and, through the application of biofuel ash, reuses power plant waste. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Macroporous hydrogels based on carbohydrates monomethacrylates and dimethacrylates: singular properties from carbohydrate‐based crosslinkers
Authors: Perin Giovanni Bortoloni , Fonseca Lucas Polo , Felisberti Maria Isabel 
Published: February 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDReadily available feedstock and biocompatibility make carbohydrate‐based hydrogels promising materials for biomedical applications. However, carbohydrate‐based crosslinkers are rather underexplored when compared with crosslinkers derived from fossil resources. In this study, novel fully bio‐based hydrogels derived from enzymatically produced d‐fructose and d‐glucose methacrylate monomers were synthesized with different amounts of d‐fructose dimethacrylate crosslinker.RESULTSThe use of a carbohydrate‐based crosslinker endows hydrogels with high swelling coefficients, up to 2400%, and superior mechanical resistance (compressive modulus up to 9.5 kPa with a maximum stress up to 50 kPa) compared with conventional crosslinkers based on fossil resources. Hydrogels shape and crosslinking density influences hydrogel morphology, swelling behavior and mechanical resistance. Moreover, hydrogels presented cell viability, biodegradability and hydrolysis‐resistance over a wide range of pH.CONCLUSIONThe use of a highly hydrophilic crosslinker based on carbohydrate for hydrogels synthesis enables the use of high crosslinker concentration, which improves mechanical properties, however with minor loss of the water swelling capacity, compared with conventional fossil‐based crosslinkers. This is an important advantage over conventional crosslinkers based on fossil resources. Moreover, slab hydrogels hold higher stress under compression–decompression cycles, and present higher resistance to hydrolysis in basic medium due to the thicker pore walls than cylindrical ones. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Foliar epidermal anatomical characteristics of taxa of Iris subg. Scorpiris Spach (Iridaceae) from Turkey
Authors: Kandemir Nezahat , Çelik Ali , Ullah Fazal , Shah Syed Nasar , Zaman Wajid 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Iris L. is one of the important genus of family Iridaceae, consist of 56 taxa naturally occurred in Turkey. The similarities and variations in the subgenus overlapping the taxonomic positions of the species in the subgenera and needs anatomical assessment especially by microscopic techniques. In this study, the taxonomic significance of leaf anatomical characters of 10 Iris subgenus Scorpiris taxa were studied in detail and the relationship among these taxa were evaluated using microscopy techniques. Fresh leaf samples of species were fixed in 70% alcohol solution for anatomical observation under microscope. Eleven different micromorphological features were statistically analyzed to delimit the species in subgenus. Based on morphological and anatomical similarities, we studied relationships among; (1) ssp. turcica, ssp. caucasica, I. nezahatiae and I. pseudocaucasica; (2) correlation between ssp. turcica and ssp. caucasica; (3) association of I. galatica, I. persica, ssp. margaretiae and ssp. stenophylla with each other; (4) relationship between ssp. stenophylla and ssp. margaretiae; and (5) relevance between I. aucheri and I. peshmeniana. Moreover, the taxonomy of subgenus Scorpiris has been discussed in detail with novel and diagnostic features based on micromorphological physiognomies. We found that four species in this study are endemic to Turkey, while seven are critically endangered geophytes in the country. The leaf anatomical characteristics of 10 taxa were divided into three groups. Main aim of this research was to study the taxonomy of the complex subgenus Scorpiris through microscopic techniques.
Convenient Synthesis of New Boric Acid Catalyzed 1,2,4‐Triazolopyridinone Derivatives and an Investigation of their Optical Properties
Authors: Darehkordi Ali , Hosseini Maryam , Rahmani Fariba 
Published: February 2019

Syntheses of fused heterobicyclic systems containing 1,2,4‐triazolopyridinone moieties were accomplished by heterocyclization of 1,6‐diamino‐2‐oxo‐4‐phenyl‐1,2‐dihydropyridine‐3,5‐dicarbonitriles and ninhydrin in ethanol and in the presence of boric acid as a catalyst in 30 min at room temperature. All compounds have been screened for their photophysical properties. Results showed that all compounds exhibit near infrared emissions at 876 nm.
The role of CNS macrophages in streptococcal meningoencephalitis
Authors: Gres Vitka , Kolter Julia , Erny Daniel , Henneke Philipp 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
In the healthy brain, microglia and other CNS macrophages are the most abundant immune cell type. Thus, they form the natural immune cell interface with streptococci, which are the leading cause of bacterial meningitis and encephalitis in infants and young children. In homeostasis, the blood–brain barrier allows for very limited access of immune cells circulating in the periphery. During bacterial meningoencephalitis, however, origin and fate of CNS macrophages are massively altered. This review summarizes the emerging knowledge on the sequence of reciprocal events between streptococci and CNS macrophages leading to host resistance, acute inflammation, changes in resident innate immune cells of the brain, and long-term neuronal damage.
The cleavage program in the 2d cell lineage of Tubifex embryos
Authors: Yoshida Noriyuki , Arai Asuna , Aoki Momoe , Moriya Miho , Sekiguchi Kaho , Shimizu Takashi 
Published: February 2019

AbstractEarly development in clitellate annelids is characterized by a highly stereotyped sequence of unequal, spiral cleavages. Cell 2d (i.e., the second micromere of the D quadrant) in the oligochaete Tubifex tubifex also undergoes an evolutionarily conserved sequence of cell division to produce four bilateral pairs of ectodermal teloblasts that act as embryonic stem cells. This study was conducted to characterize each of the 15 rounds of cell division that occur in the 2d cell lineage in this clitellate. After its occurrence, cell 2d undergoes three rounds of highly unequal divisions, giving off the first smaller daughter cell toward the posterior right of the larger daughter cell, the second cell toward the posterior left, and the third cell toward the anterior side of the cell; the larger daughter cell that results from the third division (i.e., the great‐granddaughter cell of 2d) then divides equally into a bilateral pair of NOPQ proteloblasts. Cell NOPQ on either side of the embryo undergoes 11 rounds of cell division, during which ectoteloblasts N, Q, and O/P are produced in this order. After its appearance, NOPQ undergoes highly unequal divisions twice cutting off the smaller cells toward the anterior end of the embryo and then divides almost equally into ectoteloblast N and proteloblast OPQ. After its appearance, OPQ undergoes highly unequal divisions twice giving off the first smaller cell toward the anterior and the second smaller cell toward the posterior of the embryo and then divides almost equally into ectoteloblast Q and proteloblast OP. Finally, OP undergoes highly unequal division four times after its birth budding off the smaller cells toward the anterior and then cleaves equally into ectoteloblasts O and P. In the unequally dividing cells of the 2d cell lineage, the mitotic apparatus (MA), which forms at the cell's center, moves eccentrically toward the cortical site where the smaller cell will be given off. The moving MA is oriented perpendicular to the surface it approaches, and its peripheral pole becomes closely associated with the cell cortex. In contrast, the MA involved in the equal divisions remains in the cell center throughout mitosis. The key features of the cleavage program in the 2d cell lineage are discussed in light of the present observations. The mechanical aspects of unequal cleavage in the 2d cell lineage and the modes of specification of MA orientation are discussed. A comparison of the cleavage mode in the 2d cell lineage is also performed among six selected clitellate annelid species.
DNase and RNase activities of fresh cow milk lactoferrin
Authors: Soboleva Svetlana E. , Zakharova Ol'ga D. , Sedykh Sergey E. , Ivanisenko Nikita V. , Buneva Valentina N. , Nevinsky Georgy A. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractLactoferrin (LF) is an Fe3+‐binding glycoprotein first recognized in milk and then in other epithelial secretions and barrier body fluids to which many different functions have been attributed to LF, including protection from iron‐induced lipid peroxidation, immunomodulation, cell growth regulation, DNA and RNA binding, as well as transcriptional activation, еtс. The polyfunctional physiological role of LF is still unclear, but it has been suggested to be responsible for primary defense against microbial and viral infections. Here, we present the first evidence that LF preparations isolated from milk of 18 cows of different breeds possess various levels of metal‐dependent DNase and metal‐independent RNase activities. For univocal assignment of DNase and RNase activities to cow LF, it was subjected to SDS‐PAGE using gels with copolymerized calf thymus DNA or polymeric yeast RNA. In situ analysis was revealed DNase and RNase activities only in the gel zones corresponding to homogeneous LF. In contrast to human LF, cow LF possesses a relatively low cytotoxicity towards human tumor cells. The discovery that cow LF has these activities may contribute to understanding the multiple physiological functions of this extremely polyfunctional protein, including its protective role against microbial and viral infections. The computational spatial model of cow LF complex with DNA was obtained: according to the model positively charged residues of LF contact with DNA.