bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of caudal epidurogram in single center
Authors: Koo Bon Sung , Kang Woo Bin , Park Jun Woo , Lee So Jeong , Lee Mi Soon , Cho A Na , Chung Yang Hoon , Lee Joon Ho , Kim Yong Ik , Chae Won Seok 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
A caudal epidural block involves placing a needle through the sacral hiatus and delivering medication into the epidural space. The procedure is safe and simple, but failure rates can be as high as 25%. The purpose of this study was to investigate the success rate of caudal epidural block by analyzing needle placement and dye flow pattern.
We retrospectively analyzed the medical records of patients who underwent caudal epidural block under spinal stenosis. A case was defined as a failure if it met at least one of the following four criteria: the epidural needle was not placed correctly inside the caudal canal; blood regurgitation or aspiration in the needle was observed; the contrast dye was injected into a blood vessel; or a large amount of the dye leaked into the sacral foramen or did not reach the L5-S1 level.
At least 1 failure criterion was observed in 14 cases (17.7%), while none of the failure criteria were satisfied in 65 successful cases (82.3%).
No matter how experienced the anesthesiologist may be, delivery of adequate therapeutic agent is not achieved in approximately 20% of cases. Therefore, we recommend fluoroscopy-guided needle placement and confirmation by radio-contrast epidurograpy as the best choice.
Giant gastric stromal tumor mimicking as a posterior mediastinal mass
Authors: Yin Xiaonan , Shen Chaoyong , Yin Yuan , Cai Zhaolun , Chen Zhixin , Zhang Bo 
Published: October 2018

Abstract

Rationale:
Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are the most common mesenchymal tumors of the gastrointestinal tract. Mediastinal GISTs are rare and mostly arise from the esophagus.

Patient concerns:
A 68-year-old woman with dysphagia who presented with a huge posterior mediastinal mass.

Diagnoses:
The patient was diagnosed with a GIST through chest computed tomography (CT)-guided core biopsy of the mass.

Interventions:
Complete excision including the tumor, lower part of the esophagus and fundus of the stomach were performed.

Outcomes:
On follow-up after 48 months, the patient is currently alive without any evidence of tumor recurrence.

Lessons:
The case highlights GISTs are taken into consideration in the differential diagnosis of posterior mediastinal masses.
The Levels of Tumor Markers in Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Carcinoma and Their Values in Differentiation Between Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Carcinoma and Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Zhuge Xiaoling , Guo Chuangen , Chen Yu , Feng Limin , Jia Rongfei , Zhao Ying , Sun Ke , Wang Zhongqiu , Chen Xiao 
Published: October 2018

ObjectivesThe levels of tumor markers in pancreatic neuroendocrine carcinoma (PNEC) are unknown, and imaging findings of PNEC and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) have overlaps. In this study, we show the tumor markers in PNEC and evaluate their values for distinguishing PNEC from PDAC.MethodsThirty-three cases of PDAC and 21 cases of PNEC were retrospectively evaluated. The demographic information and clinical data were reviewed.ResultsPancreatic neuroendocrine carcinoma was usually misdiagnosed (57.1%) as PDAC based on imaging findings. Abnormal carbohydrate antigen (CA) 19-9, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), and α-fetoprotein (AFP) were observed in 19.0% to 28.6% of PNECs. Abnormal CA 19-9 and CA 125 levels were more common in PDAC than in PNEC (P< 0.05). Higher level of AFP was more common in PNEC than in PDAC (33.3% vs 3.0%,P< 0.05). The cutoff value of CA 19-9 for detecting PNEC was calculated as 38.5 U/mL or less with 0.788 sensitivity and 0.800 specificity. Carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (odds ratio [OR], 22.9; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.94–179.3), AFP (OR, 0.08; 95% CI, 0.012–0.564), and CA 125 (OR, 17.4; 95% CI, 1.13–267.3) were predictors in differentiating PDAC from PNEC.ConclusionsCarbohydrate antigen 19-9, AFP, and CA 125 have potential for distinguishing hypovascularized PNEC from PDAC.
The Masseter Muscle and Its Role in Facial Contouring, Aging, and Quality of Life: A Literature Review
Authors: Almukhtar Rawaa M. , Fabi Sabrina G. 
Published: October 2018

Background:
Masseter muscle hypertrophy manifests itself as enlargement of the masseter muscle. It can be associated with a square-angled lower face, pain, dental attrition, maxillary and mandibular bone resorption, and accelerated aging process of the lower face. The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy and safety of botulinum toxin type A in contouring the masseter and its impact on quality of life and the aging process of the lower face, and its role in full face rejuvenation.

Methods:
A PubMed search was conducted for articles on masseter treatment with botulinum toxin type A, masseter muscle hypertrophy, and the aging process of the lower face. Key studies are reviewed and findings are summarized.

Results:
Botulinum toxin type A can be injected into the lower posterior aspect of the masseter muscle. Treatment decreases muscle bulk and reshapes the lower face. Furthermore, patient quality-of-life measures, including pain and symptoms of grinding and clenching, are improved. Treatment can decrease shear stress on maxillary and mandibular bones and can possibly prevent tooth loss and progressive bone resorption of the lower face. Adverse effects are minimal and short lasting.

Conclusions:
Botulinum toxin type A is a safe and effective treatment of masseter hypertrophy. The treatment results in improvement of functionality and cosmesis, and restoration of facial harmony.
Nighttime Sleep and Daytime Sleepiness Improved With Pimavanserin During Treatment of Parkinson’s Disease Psychosis
Authors: Patel Neepa , LeWitt Peter , Neikrug Ariel B. , Kesslak Patrick , Coate Bruce , Ancoli-Israel Sonia 
Published: October 2018

Introduction
Impaired nocturnal sleep and excessive daytime sleepiness are common problems for patients with Parkinson’s disease, and patients with Parkinson’s disease with sleep dysfunction are 5 times more likely to experience psychotic symptoms. Pimavanserin, a 5-HT2A inverse agonist approved to treat Parkinson’s disease psychosis, may improve sleep quality in patients with Parkinson’s disease experiencing sleep disturbances.

Methods
Scales for Outcomes in Parkinson’s Disease nighttime sleep (SCOPA-NS) and SCOPA–daytime sleepiness (DS) data obtained during 2 double-blind placebo-controlled studies of pimavanserin in persons with Parkinson’s disease psychosis were evaluated. Data from the placebo and pimavanserin 34 mg groups in the 2 studies were pooled to provide further information on the effect of pimavanserin 34 mg on sleep. Additional analyses on the pooled study data were performed on participants with significantly impaired nighttime sleep and daytime sleepiness, defined as SCOPA-NS ≥7 and SCOPA-DS ≥5, respectively.

Results
In the pooled analysis, treatment effects, expressed as least squares mean reductions in SCOPA-NS at week 6, were −1.4 for pimavanserin 34 mg and −0.5 for placebo. At week 6, the decrease from baseline in SCOPA-DS for the pimavanserin 34 mg group was −1.7 and −1.2 for the placebo group (P = 0.108). When evaluating participants with impaired nighttime sleep and daytime sleepiness at baseline, the SCOPA-NS score change was −4.4 for the pimavanserin 34 mg group and −2.3 for the placebo group (P = 0.002), whereas the SCOPA-DS change was −2.9 and −1.9 for the pimavanserin 34 mg and placebo groups (P = 0.120), respectively.

Conclusion
The data from the trials suggest that nighttime sleep improved with administration of pimavanserin, a novel 5-HT2A receptor inverse agonist/antagonist.
Whole genome sequencing enables definitive diagnosis of Cystic Fibrosis and Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia
Authors: Ellingford Jamie M , Beaman Glenda , Webb Kevin , O’Callaghan Christopher , Hirst Robert A ,   on behalf of the 100,000 Genomes Project, Black Graeme CM , Newman William G 
Published: October 2018

AbstractUnderstanding the genomic basis of inherited respiratory disorders can assist in the clinical management of individuals with these rare disorders. We apply whole genome sequencing for the discovery of disease-causing variants in the non-coding regions of known disease genes for two individuals with inherited respiratory disorders. We describe analysis strategies to pinpoint candidate non-coding variants within the non-coding genome and demonstrate aberrant RNA splicing as a result of deep intronic variants in DNAH11 and CFTR. These findings confirm clinical diagnoses of primary ciliary dyskinesia and cystic fibrosis, respectively.
Association of the types of alcoholic beverages and blood lipids in a local population in Jharkhand, India
Authors: Verma Sunil Kumar , Rout Janmejaya , Biswas Shrutidhara , Tripathy Umakanta 
Published: October 2018

AbstractAlthough light-to-moderate alcohol consumption is considered beneficial, alcohol in binge doses or high cumulative lifetime consumption leads to cardiovascular diseases, metabolic syndrome and structural damage to various organs. Alcohol is known to alter blood lipid concentrations; however, the association of the types of alcohol on the lipid profile has not been investigated extensively. A cross-sectional study involving male participants (n = 86) aged 20 to 60 from the Ranchi and Dhanbad zone of Jharkhand, India, was carried out to investigate the effects of cumulative lifetime consumption of Haria, a local rice-based fermented alcohol, Indian made foreign liquor (IMFL), and a combination of the two on the blood lipid profiles. Demographic characteristics, dietary intake and medical history were obtained from the participants by questionnaire, and lipid levels were determined by analysis of blood samples. The effect of Haria alone on the blood lipids was also investigated on the local female population (n = 31). After adjusting for demographic and dietary factors, IMFL and combination of IMFL and Haria consumption was associated with increased serum total cholesterol, triglyceride, and low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels (P < 0.05) and decreased high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels (P < 0.05). None of the blood lipids changed significantly in Haria consumers in both male and female groups. This study suggests that Haria, a popular alcoholic beverage of West Bengal and east-central India, is a relatively safe local alcoholic beverage and does not alter the lipid profile in consumers.
Demonstration of End-to-End Automation of DNA Data Storage
Authors: Takahashi Christopher N. , Nguyen Bichlien H. , Strauss Karin , Ceze Luis 
Published: October 2018

AbstractWe developed a complete end-to-end DNA data storage device. The device enables the encoding of data, which is then written to a DNA oligonucleotide using a custom DNA synthesizer, pooled for liquid storage, and read using a nanopore sequencer and a novel, minimal preparation protocol. We demonstrate an automated 5-byte write, store, and read cycle with the ability to expand as new technology is available.
Diminished pre-stimulus alpha-lateralization suggests compromised self-initiated attentional control of auditory processing in old age
Authors: Dahl Martin J. , Ilg Liesa , Li Shu-Chen , Passow Susanne , Werkle-Bergner Markus 
Published: October 2018

AbstractOlder adults experience difficulties in daily situations that require flexible information selection in the presence of multiple competing sensory inputs, like for instance multi-talker situations. Modulations of rhythmic neural activity in the alpha–beta (8–30 Hz) frequency range in posterior brain areas have been established as a cross-modal neural correlate of selective attention. However, research linking compromised auditory selective attention to changes in rhythmic neural activity in aging is sparse.We tested younger (n = 25; 22–35 years) and older adults (n = 26; 63–76 years) in an attention modulated dichotic listening task. In this, two streams of highly similar auditory input were simultaneously presented to participants′ both ears (i.e., dichotically) while attention had to be focused on the input to only one ear (i.e. target) and the other, distracting information had to be ignored.We here demonstrate a link between severely compromised auditory selective attention in aging and a partial reorganization of attention-related rhythmic neural responses. In particular, in old age we observed a shift from a self-initiated, preparatory modulation of alpha rhythmic activity to an externally driven, response in the alpha–beta range. Critically, moment-to-moment fluctuations in the age-specific patterns of self-initiated and externally driven lateralized rhythmic activity were tied to selective attention. We conclude that adult age difference in spatial selective attention likely derive from a functional reorganization of rhythmic neural activity within the aging brain.
A cellular anatomy of the normal adult human prostate and prostatic urethra
Authors: Henry Gervaise H. , Malewska Alicia , Joseph Diya B. , Malladi Venkat S. , Lee Jeon , Torrealba Jose , Mauck Ryan J. , Gahan Jeffrey C. , Raj Ganesh V. , Roehrborn Claus G. , Hon Gary C. , MacConmara Malcolm P. , Reese Jeffrey C. , Hutchinson Ryan C. , Vezina Chad M. , Strand Douglas W. 
Published: October 2018

SummaryA cellular anatomy of normal human organs is essential for solving the cellular origins of disease. We report the first comprehensive cellular atlas of the young adult human prostate and prostatic urethra using an iterative process of single cell RNA sequencing and flow cytometry on ~98,000 cells taken from different anatomical regions. Two previously unrecognized epithelial cell types were identified by KRT13 and SCGB1A1 expression and found to be highly similar to hillock and club cells of the proximal lung. It was demonstrated by immunohistochemistry that prostate club and hillock cells are similarly concentrated in the proximal prostate. We also optimized a new flow cytometry antibody panel to improve cell type-specific purification based on newly established cellular markers. The molecular classification, anatomical distribution, and purification methods for each cell type in the human prostate create a powerful new resource for experimental design in human prostate disease.
The work engagement–performance link: an episodic perspective
Authors: Reina-Tamayo Andrea Marcela , Bakker Arnold B. , Derks Daantje 
Published: October 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to integrate job demands–resources theory and the episodic process model to examine the relationships between episodic cognitive mechanisms (i.e. cognitive interference and attentional pull), work engagement and performance. It is hypothesized that an episode characterized by less cognitive interference and more attentional pull (i.e. attraction toward the work activity) is associated with the highest levels of work engagement and job performance. Additionally, it is hypothesized that episodic challenge/hindrance job demands boost/diminish the positive relationship between episodic job resources and work engagement.Design/methodology/approachUsing experience sampling methodology, 48 employees used their smartphones to complete surveys three times a day for one week, resulting in 266 observations.FindingsResults of multilevel analyses suggest that episodic hindrance job demands (but not challenge job demands) moderate the positive relation between job resources and work engagement.Originality/valueThis study is unique in that it captures fluctuating cognitive processes (i.e. attentional pull and cognitive interference) that take place during work activities.
Challenges in the EM-based design of modern telecommunication satellite antennas
Authors: Reiche Enrico , Schneider Michael 
Published: October 2018

Purpose
This paper aims to introduce design challenges of modern telecommunication satellite antennas. The antenna farms accommodated on a satellite are systems of high complexity. From the radio frequency (RF) point of view, the most important design issues, e.g. high power applications in space (vacuum) or typical antenna scenarios (single/multi beam antennas), and their solution are considered.

Design/methodology/approach
The paper presents the application of electro-magnetic (EM) field simulation in the design and optimisation process. The design of a telecommunications satellite antenna splits into several areas, for which different types of EM field solvers are used.

Findings
The use of EM field solvers enables an accurate and efficient design approach of modern geostationary telecommunications satellite antennas. Due to the use of EM field solvers, an excellent agreement between predictions and measurement results on feed as well as antenna system level is achieved.

Originality/value
This paper gives an overview of state-of-the-art telecommunications satellite antenna architectures and their efficient RF design due to the use of EM field solvers. Typical high power effects and other design issues are explained. RF engineers are encouraged to work on this exciting topic to further improve the design process and to develop new satellite antenna and feed products.
Dynamic interaction between higher education and economic progress: a comparative analysis of BRICS countries
Authors: Chang Victor , Chen Yian , Xiong Chang 
Published: October 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to gain a deeper insight on how education boosts economic progress in key emerging economies. This project is aimed at exploring the interactive dynamics between the tertiary education sector and economic development in BRICS countries. The author also aims to examine how the structure of higher education contributes to economic expansion.Design/methodology/approachThe author uses the time series data of BRICS countries across approximately two decades to determine the statistical causality between the size of tertiary enrollment and economic development. The linear regression model is then used to figure out the different impact levels of academic and vocational training programs at the tertiary level to economic development.FindingsData from all BRICS countries exhibited a unidirectional statistical causality relationship, except the Brazilian data. The national economic expansion Granger Caused increased tertiary enrollment in Russia and India, while in China and South Africa, higher education enrollment Granger Caused economic progress. The impact from tertiary academic training is found to be positive for all BRICS nations, while tertiary vocation training is shown to have impaired the Russian and South African economy.Research limitations/implicationsThis project is based on a rather small sample size, and the stationary feature of the time series could be different should a larger pool of data spanning a longer period of time is used. In addition, the author also neglects other control variables in the regression model. Therefore, the impact level could be distorted due to possible omitted variable bias.Practical implicationsTertiary academic study is found to have a larger impact level to all countries’ economic advancement, except for China, during the time frame studied. There is a statistical correlation between the education and economic progress. This is particularly true for BRICS countries, especially China. But the exception is Brazil.Social implicationsThe government should provide education up to the certain level, as there is a direct correlation to the job creation and economic progress. Furthermore, the government should also work closely with industry to ensure growth of industry and creation of new jobs.Originality/valueThe comparative analysis and evaluation of the dynamic interaction of tertiary enrollment and economic output across all five BRICS nations is unique, and it deepens the understanding of the socioeconomic development in these countries from a holistic management perspective.
Energy advice in Germany: a market actors’ perspective
Authors: Ringel Marc 
Published: October 2018

PurposeThis study reviews present trends, barriers and outlooks for the future as seen by actors in the energy advice services market in Germany. As Germany is one of Europe’s leading markets for energy services, this review aims to highlight energy sector management issues that exist throughout Europe.

Design/methodology/approachThis study combines qualitative and quantitative research approaches, using seven qualitative stakeholder interviews and a semi-structured survey covering over 500 energy advisors. Based on the present market, this study seeks to identify barriers against further market development, regulatory measures that can promote market development and business models for energy services likely to emerge in the future.

FindingsSignificant barriers persist, despite a strong government commitment to support development of the energy services markets. The barriers encourage market actors to maintain the status quo rather than use innovate new service models. To support innovative business models, action is needed by both industry associations and the government to create a stronger demand pull for advice services.

Originality/valueThis paper provides a new sectoral overview of Europe’s biggest energy service market as seen from a market actor perspective. It focuses on the analysis of barriers and business models to derive needs for further capacity building within the sector and for political governance to trigger further market dynamics.