bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Higher nicotinic receptor availability in the cingulo‐insular network is associated with lower cardiac parasympathetic tone
Authors: Garibotto Valentina , Corpataux Thibault , Dupuis‐Lozeron Elise , Haller Sven , Fontolliet Timothée , Picard Fabienne 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) and the anterior insula (AI) constitute the salience network and form as well the major cortical components of the central autonomic nervous system. These two cortical regions have the highest density in α4β2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) within the whole cortex.The aim of the study was to test the association between nAChRs density/availability in the salience network and the heart rate variability in humans. We selected subjects from a previous positron emission tomography (PET) imaging study in epilepsy with 18F‐FA‐85380, a specific marker for α4β2 nAChRs, including 10 healthy controls, 10 patients with nonlesional focal epilepsy and 8 patients with idiopathic generalized epilepsy. Participants underwent a 10 min‐resting electrocardiogram as they were lying still in a semi‐supine position while watching an emotionally neutral video. We tested the association between parasympathetic tone and the regional brain nAChR availability, as measured by 18F‐F‐A‐85380 binding potential (BP), using linear regression. We observed an association between higher nAChRs availability in the bilateral dACC and the right dorsal AI/frontal operculum and a lower parasympathetic tone, without significant effect of the clinical group on this relation. Our study is the first one to show a neurochemical correlate to the parasympathetic role of the anterior cingulate cortex and the AI. The nicotinic system, which plays a major role in the peripheral autonomic nervous system intervening both in the parasympathetic and sympathetic chains, seems also to play a role in the central autonomic nervous system.
The Synthesis and Optoelectronic Applications for Tellurophene‐Based Small Molecules and Polymers
Authors: Wu Xiaoxi , Lv Lei , Hu Lifang , Shi Qinqin , Peng Aidong , Huang Hui 
Published: June 2019

AbstractTellurophene‐based small molecules and polymers have received great attentions owing to their applications in thin‐film transistors, solar cells, and sensors. This article reviews the current progress of the synthesis and applications of tellurophene‐based small molecules and polymers. The physicochemical properties and optoelectronic applications of tellurophene‐based materials are summarized and discussed. In the end, the challenges and outlook of tellurophene‐based materials are presented.
A Cerium‐Containing Metal‐Organic Framework: Synthesis and Heterogeneous Catalytic Activity toward Fenton‐Like Reactions
Authors: Dang Giao H. , Tran Y. B. N. , Pham Toan V. , Pham Vu T. , Luu Nhu T. H. , Nguyen Hieu D. , Nguyen Phuong T. K. , Nguyen Huong T. D. , Truong Thanh 
Published: June 2019

AbstractA cerium‐based metal‐organic framework, namely MOF‐589, was synthesized using benzoimidephenanthroline tetracarboxylic acid (H4BIPA‐TC) as an organic linker. Full characterization including single‐crystal and powder X‐ray diffraction analysis, thermogravimetrical analysis, scanning electron microscopy, and N2 adsorption measurements at low pressure and 77 K were carried out. The material was employed as an efficient heterogeneous catalyst for decomposition of methylene blue (MB) dye (40 ppm) in the presence of H2O2 in 15 minutes. Interestingly, comparison studies showed that the activity of MOF 589 was higher than that of other iron‐based heterogeneous and cerium‐based catalysts. Further experiments to clarify the MOF 589 activity indicated that the BIPA‐TC linker might have an important impact through a cooperative effect on the metal cluster. Control studies confirmed that the presence of catalyst was necessary for the reaction to occur and the catalyst recyclability. In particular, catalysis from leached cerium in the reaction filtrate is unlikely and the solid material could be reused at least eight times without a remarkable loss in activity.
The Current and Future Potential of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation With Electroencephalography in Psychiatry
Authors: Hui Jeanette , Tremblay Sara , Daskalakis Zafiris J. 
Published: June 2019

The search for biological targets in psychiatric disorders is essential to better understand illness mechanisms and also to monitor and predict response to currently available therapeutic interventions. To this end, the combination of transcranial magnetic stimulation with electroencephalography (TMS‐EEG) has emerged as a powerful clinical research tool. TMS‐EEG allows cortical properties, such as excitability, inhibition, oscillatory activity, and connectivity, to be directly probed within a specific region of the cortex. This review will summarize the state of the current literature on TMS‐EEG and its potential to uncover biological targets in psychiatric illnesses, with a focus on major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia. Collectively, the reviewed studies suggest that alterations in gamma‐aminobutyric acid‐mediated inhibition and gamma oscillations in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and neighboring frontal regions are potential shared biomarkers in psychiatry, highlighting the potential of TMS‐EEG to help identify translational biomarkers.
Evolution of interdisciplinarity in biodiversity science
Authors: Craven Dylan , Winter Marten , Hotzel Konstantin , Gaikwad Jitendra , Eisenhauer Nico , Hohmuth Martin , König‐Ries Birgitta , Wirth Christian 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe study of biodiversity has grown exponentially in the last thirty years in response to demands for greater understanding of the function and importance of Earth's biodiversity and finding solutions to conserve it. Here, we test the hypothesis that biodiversity science has become more interdisciplinary over time. To do so, we analyze 97,945 peer‐reviewed articles over a twenty‐two‐year time period (1990–2012) with a continuous time dynamic model, which classifies articles into concepts (i.e., topics and ideas) based on word co‐occurrences. Using the model output, we then quantify different aspects of interdisciplinarity: concept diversity, that is, the diversity of topics and ideas across subdisciplines in biodiversity science, subdiscipline diversity, that is, the diversity of subdisciplines across concepts, and network structure, which captures interactions between concepts and subdisciplines. We found that, on average, concept and subdiscipline diversity in biodiversity science were either stable or declining, patterns which were driven by the persistence of rare concepts and subdisciplines and a decline in the diversity of common concepts and subdisciplines, respectively. Moreover, our results provide evidence that conceptual homogenization, that is, decreases in temporal β concept diversity, underlies the observed trends in interdisciplinarity. Together, our results reveal that biodiversity science is undergoing a dynamic phase as a scientific discipline that is consolidating around a core set of concepts. Our results suggest that progress toward addressing the biodiversity crisis via greater interdisciplinarity during the study period may have been slowed by extrinsic factors, such as the failure to invest in research spanning across concepts and disciplines. However, recent initiatives such as the Intergovernmental Science‐Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES) may attract broader support for biodiversity‐related issues and hence interdisciplinary approaches to address scientific, political, and societal challenges in the coming years.
A Concentric Ring Electrode for a Wall‐jet Cell in a Microfluidic Device
Authors: Nishiyama Keine , Hoshikawa Koki , Maeki Masatoshi , Ishida Akihiko , Tani Hirofumi , Tokeshi Manabu 
Published: June 2019

AbstractA concentric ring array electrode that amplifies the current signal without redox cycling has been developed for highly sensitive electrochemical detection at a single potential in a microfluidic platform. Herein, the effect of ring‐electrode width on the current and current density was examined. A ring‐array electrode with widths that decrease from the inner to the outer ring was shown to exhibit the highest sensitivity. This electrode delivered a current density that was approximately 50 % higher than that of a conventionally used disc electrode. We used numerical simulations to further optimize this type of array electrode, which led to a limit of detection for catechol of 6.2 nmol/L. This ring array electrode has great potential for use in a variety of applications because it can be used to detect irreversible targets with a simple apparatus at a single potential and requires no electrode modification to achieve high sensitivity.
Small Size Effect and Concentration Response of Gold Nanoparticles in Electrochemiluminescence Reaction
Authors: Zhao Changzhi , Niu Lulu , Wang Xiaoyu , Sun Wei 
Published: June 2019

AbstractRecent reports have used gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) as a co‐reactant for the electrochemiluminescence (ECL) reaction of ruthenium complex. However, understanding the size effect of AuNPs on ECL reaction is very meaningful to explore its unknowns and develop its applications at the molecular level. In this paper, we examined the behavior of various small‐size AuNPs in ECL reaction, focusing on changes in ECL caused by AuNPs size and reasons for this change. Although the luminescence spectra and excitation potential have hardly changed in ECL reaction, the difference of ECL intensities induced by different sizes AuNPs is very obviously. Our experimental results revealed disparate behaviors depending on AuNPs size: the small‐sized AuNPs can lead to stronger ECL, and ECL intensities increase as the addition of AuNPs concentration in the wider range. This small size effect is related to an intermediate process of charge‐discharge in electric double layer formed by adsorbing ruthenium complex with AuNPs, and the surface and quantum size effect of AuNPs may affect this intermediate process. More importantly, AuNPs can act as a marker, has the same small size effect and concentration response, and bring about a promising platform for biochemical analysis.
Germination of soybean seeds exposed to the static/alternating magnetic field and algal extract
Authors: Michalak Izabela , Lewandowska Sylwia , Niemczyk Katarzyna , Detyna Jerzy , Bujak Henryk , Arik Pelin , Bartniczak Annika 
Published: June 2019

AbstractIn the present study, the effect of the static and alternating magnetic field applied individually and in combination with an algal extract on the germination of soybean seeds (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) and chlorophyll content was examined. The exposure time of seeds to the static magnetic field was 3, 6, and 12 min, whereas to the alternating magnetic field was 1, 2.5, and 5 min. The static magnetic field was obtained by means of a permanent magnets system while the alternating magnetic field by means of magnetic coils. Algal extract was produced from a freshwater macroalga—Cladophora glomerata using ultrasound homogenizer. In the germination tests, 10% extract was applied to the paper substrate before sowing. This is the first study that compares the germination of soybean seeds exposed to the static and alternating magnetic field. The best effect on the germination and chlorophyll content in seedlings had synergistic action of the static magnetic field on seeds for 3 min applied together with the extract and alternating magnetic field used for 2.5 min. It is not possible to clearly state which magnetic field better stimulated the germination of seeds, but the chlorophyll content in seedlings was much higher for alternating magnetic field.
Gene regulation and prognostic indicators of lung squamous cell carcinoma: TCGA‐derived miRNA/mRNA sequencing and DNA methylation data
Authors: Shen Yuzhou , Pan Xufeng , Yang Jun 
Published: June 2019

AbstractLung squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) is a common cancer worldwide, and this study aimed to investigate the key regulatory networks and prognostic indicators of LSCC. MicroRNA (miRNA)/messenger RNA (mRNA) sequencing and DNA methylation data were obtained from the Cancer Genome Atlas. Differentially expressed miRNAs (DEmiRNAs) and genes (DEGs) were identified by the limma package. Then, the transcription factors (TFs) of DEmiRNAs/DEGs, as well as the targets of miRNAs, were predicted by the TFmiR online tool. Using the t test, aberrant methylation was detected in TF binding sites (TFBSs) in promoters. Finally, integrated network and survival analyses were conducted using SPSS software. We obtained 104 DEmiRNAs and 4,491 DEGs, and validated 2,113 DEGs (VDEGs). Then, 103 TFs, 295 TFs, and 14 DEmiRNAs were predicted to target 95 DEmiRNAs, 821 DEGs and 283 DEGs, respectively. After TF‐DEmiRNA/DEG and TF‐DEmiRNA‐DEG networks were constructed (e.g., E2F1‐CDC25A, miR29a‐RAN, miR326‐TBL1XR1), five feedforward loops between ZEB1 and miR‐141/200a/200b/200c/429 were found. Furthermore, VDEGs CDC25A, RAN, TBL1XR1 as well as miR‐130b and miR‐590 were negatively correlated with survival rates. E2F1‐CDC25A, miR29a‐RAN, miR326‐TBL1XR1, and the feedforward loops between ZEB1/ZEB2 and miR‐141/200a/200b/200c/429 might participate in LSCC development. Compared with BEAS‐2B cells, the SK‐MES‐1 cells presented a higher expression level of miR‐141, miR‐200a, miR‐200b, miR‐200c but a lower expression level of ZEB1. Overexpressed miR‐200c significantly attenuated the expression of ZEB1 and ZEB2 and inhibited the proliferation and migration of SK‐MES‐1 cells (all p < 0.05). In addition, CDC25A, miR‐200a, miR‐200b, miR‐200c, miR‐130b, and miR‐590 are potential prognostic indicators of LSCC.
Opacification of lentoid bodies derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells is accelerated by hydrogen peroxide and involves protein aggregation
Authors: Qin Zhenwei , Zhang Lifang , Lyu Danni , Li Jiayong , Tang Qiaomei , Yin Houfa , Chen Zhijian , Yao Ke , Fu Qiuli 
Published: June 2019

AbstractDespite the recent breakthrough in cataract drug development, further improvements have been limited by the lack of human in vitro cataract disease models. This study, therefore, aims to generate a qualified cataract disease model. Mature lentoid bodies (LBs) on Day 25 (D25), which were differentiated from human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) using the “fried egg” method, were continually culturing (control) or extra treated with either ultraviolet (UV) radiation or hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). The LBs’ shape alteration and opacity were examined using light microscopy and mean gray value evaluation. Their structure and crystallin expression were examined using immunofluorescence and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Real‐time polymerase chain reaction and western blot were used to investigate the potential role of autophagy in cloudy LBs. Mature LBs became cloudy with time which was accelerated by H2O2. Immunofluorescence examinations and TEM showed that the H2O2‐treated and control LBs had similar shapes, lens capsule, and monolayer lens epithelial cell (LEC) structures. However, we were unable to do further assessment of the UV‐treated LBs as the structures of LBs were easily damaged when treated with UV radiation. Cells containing aggregated protein (αA‐crystallin and αB‐crystallin) puncta were more abundant in the H2O2‐treated LBs as compared with control LBs. Moreover, LC3B expression decreased with age in anterior lens capsules obtained from age‐related cataracts (ARCs) patients as compared with LC3B levels in primary LECs, which is consistent with that LC3B expression in LBs was lower on D45 than on D25. Our study found that human iPSCs‐derived LBs became cloudy with time which was accompanied by protein aggregation, and this phenomenon was accelerated by H2O2, suggesting that LBs with extending culture may serve as a human model for in vitro ARCs.
Methyl palmitate hydrodeoxygenation over silica‐supported nickel phosphide catalysts in flow reactor: experimental and kinetic study
Authors: Shamanaev Ivan V , Deliy Irina V , Aleksandrov Pavel V , Reshetnikov Sergey I , Bukhtiyarova Galina A 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe search for alternative sources of fuels is crucial for sustainable development now and in the near future. Biomass attracts much attention as an environmentally friendly, green and CO2‐neutral source of fuels. Hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) of fatty acid‐based feedstocks such as nonedible vegetable oil, waste cooking oil and animal fat is a versatile technology for producing efficient fuels. HDO schemes are often contradictory and have different numbers of stages. In the work reported, a highly active nickel phosphide catalyst was obtained and methyl palmitate (MP) HDO kinetic modelling was carried out to elucidate the HDO reaction scheme.RESULTSThe effect of reduction temperature (400–600 °C) on the catalytic properties of the catalyst in MP HDO was evaluated and the most active catalyst (after reduction at 450 °C) was used in the kinetic experiments. The experimental data were collected in a wide range of MP conversion. The reaction scheme of MP HDO was elucidated by means of mathematical modelling which was specified by successive consideration of the experimental results of HDO selectivities at low MP conversions (1–10%), additional experiments of alcohol HDO (dodecanol‐1 as an analogue for hexadecanol‐1) and analysis of gas‐phase products.CONCLUSIONSIn accordance with the results obtained, both hydrolysis of MP and hydrogenolysis of C&bond;OCH3 bond should be considered for describing the conversion of MP to intermediate compounds. This finding could explain the synergetic effect of acid and metal centres, which has been reported in the literature on aliphatic ester HDO, and justify the higher activity of bifunctional catalysts in this reaction. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
The weekend effect does not influence management of inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Persaud Alana , Patel Pavan , Motlaghzadeh Yasaman , Ahlawat Sushil 
Published: June 2019

BackgroundThe weekend effect describes worsened outcomes due to perceived inefficiency occurring over the weekend. This effect has not been studied in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) despite increasing prevalence in the community. Therefore, our aim is to assess differences in the outcomes of weekend versus weekday management of IBD exacerbations.MethodsThe National Inpatient Sample database comprises approximately 20% of admissions to nonfederal hospitals in the United States. Complications requiring hospitalization (“flares”) were the criteria upon which patient selection was based. A total of 193, 848 flares were identified from 2008 to 2014 using the International Classification of Diseases 9th edition codes. Differences in time to first procedure, length of stay (LOS), and cost were evaluated for patients with flares between weekend and weekday admissions.ResultsThe time to first procedure was 3.33 days on weekends versus 3.19 days on weekdays (P < 0.001). The mean LOS was shorter when admissions occurred on weekends versus weekdays (8.01 days vs 8.22 days, P < 0.001). Finally, the cost of hospitalization was higher for weekday admissions versus weekend admissions ($18 072 vs $17 495, P < 0.001).ConclusionOur results showed a similar LOS and cost associated with the management of exacerbations on the weekend compared to weekdays. While many high‐risk conditions exhibit increased mortality and prolonged hospital course over the weekend, this phenomenon does not appear to affect IBD. These findings indicate efficient patient care on the weekend and can be utilized for logistical purposes such as resource allocation and procedure scheduling in the endoscopy suite.
Effect of Aortic Valve Disease on 3D Hemodynamics in Patients With Aortic Dilation and Trileaflet Aortic Valve Morphology
Authors: Suwa Kenichiro , Rahman Ozair Abdul , Bollache Emilie , Rose Michael J. , Rahsepar Amir Ali , Carr James C. , Collins Jeremy D. , Barker Alex J. , Markl Michael 
Published: June 2019

BackgroundThe effect of different expressions of aortic valve disease on 3D aortic hemodynamics is unclear.PurposeTo investigate changes in aortic hemodynamics in patients with dilated ascending aorta (AAo) but different severity of aortic valve stenosis (AS) and/or regurgitation (AR).Study TypeRetrospective.PopulationA total of 111 subjects (86 patients with AAo diameter ≥ 40 mm and 25 healthy controls, all with trileaflet aortic valve [TAV]). Patients were further stratified by TAV dysfunction: n = 9 with combined moderate or severe AS and AR (ASR, 56 ± 13 years), n = 14 with moderate or severe AS (AS, 64 ± 14 years), n = 33 with moderate or severe AR (AR, 62 ± 14 years), n = 30 with neither AS nor AR (no AS/AR, 63 ± 9 years).Field Strength/Sequence4D flow MRI on 1.5/3T systems for the in vivo analysis of aortic blood flow dynamics.AssessmentData analysis included grading of 3D AAo vortex/helix flow and AAo flow eccentricity as well as quantification of systolic peak velocities and wall shear stress (WSS).Statistical TestsContinuous variables were compared by one‐way analysis of variance or Kruskal–Wallis, followed by a pairwise Tukey or Dunn test if there was a significant difference.ResultsAll patients demonstrated markedly elevated vortex and helix flow compared with controls (P < 0.05). Peak velocities were significantly elevated in ASR, AS, and AR patients compared with controls (P < 0.05). Increased flow eccentricity was observed in entire AAo for AR, at the mid and distal AAo for ASR and AS, and at the proximal AAo for no AS/AR. Compared with controls, WSS in the AAo was significantly elevated in ASR and AS patients (P < 0.05) and reduced in no AS/AR patients (P < 0.05).Data ConclusionThe presence of TAV dysfunction is associated with aberrant hemodynamics and altered WSS, which may play a role in the development of aortopathy.Level of Evidence: 3Technical Efficacy Stage: 3J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2020;51:481–491.
Prevalence and genetic diversity of human sapovirus associated with sporadic acute gastroenteritis in South China from 2013 to 2017
Authors: Xue Liang , Cai Weicheng , Zhang Le , Gao Junshan , Dong Ruimin , Li Yonglai , Wu Haoming , Zhang Jumei , Zeng Haiyan , Ye Qinghua , Ding Yu , Wu Qingping 
Published: June 2019

AbstractHuman sapovirus (SaV) is an important viral agent for acute diarrhea worldwide, but timely prevalence data of human SaV in South China are still lacking. In this study, a 4‐year surveillance was conducted to characterize the prevalence and genetic characteristics of the circulating SaV associated with sporadic diarrhea in South China. From November 2013 to October 2017, 569 fecal samples from patients with acute diarrhea were collected. SaV was detected in 11 samples with a positive rate of 1.93%. Three human genogroups of GI, GII, and GIV were identified, including five GI.1 strains, three GI.2 strains, one GI.3 strain, one GII.8 strain, and one GIV strain. Furthermore, multiple alignments of complete capsid protein VP1 genes of five local GI.1 strains and other available GI.1 strains in GenBank were performed. Average pairwise identities were calculated at 95.33% and 99.36% at nucleotide and amino acid levels, and only six variable amino acid sites were found during its 36‐years’ evolution process. GI.1 strains could be further phylogenetically divided into four clusters with an approximate temporal evolution pattern, and local strains belonged to Cluster‐d with other four strains from China and Japan. In summary, SaV was identified as an etiological agent responsible for sporadic gastroenteritis in Guangzhou with a low prevalence rate as in other Chinese cities, but its high genetic diversity suggested the necessity of continuous SaV surveillance in the future.