bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Two Birds With One Stone: A Novel Nanocomposite Combining Silicon Nanoparticles and Carbon‐Doped Titania as the Fluorescence Probe and Visible Light Photocatalyst for Simultaneous Detection and Removal of Oxytetracycline
Authors: Ma Liyun , Li Zhi , Shi Yiyi , Xie Yuchen , Jiang Ming , Yu Xu , Xu Li 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe monitoring and removal of environmental pollutants are vital for the sustainable development of society. Herein, a novel nanocomposite combining silicon nanoparticles and carbon‐doped titania, C‐TiO2/SiNPs, is designed as a fluorescence probe and visible‐light photocatalyst to simultaneously monitor and degrade oxytetracycline (OTC). C‐TiO2/SiNPs emit blue fluorescence, which can be quenched by OTC through inner filter effect. Meanwhile, green fluorescence is turned on upon OTC addition by aggregation‐induced emission. Thus, C‐TiO2/SiNPs successfully act as a fluorescence colorimetric probe for quantitation and semi‐quantitation of OTC. Additionally, C‐TiO2/SiNPs show adorable visible‐light photocatalytic activity toward OTC, achieving a removal rate of 93.3% in 30 min. This process is driven by the superoxide radicals, holes and hydroxyl radicals produced by C‐TiO2/SiNPs under visible light irradiation. The total toxicities obviously reduce after OTC is degraded by C‐TiO2/SiNPs. The concentration during the OTC degradation can be estimated by naked eyes through the change of fluorescence color, but also precisely quantified by a fluorometer. This study innovatively develops a one‐stone‐two‐birds strategy to achieve simultaneous degradation and in situ real‐time detection of OTC, paving a promising paradigm for the highly efficient monitoring and removal of residual drugs.
High Spatiotemporal Near‐Infrared II Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging for Quantitative Detection of Clinical Tumor Margins
Authors: Chen Zhen , Huang Linjian , Gao Duyang , Bao Zhouzhou , Hu Dehong , Zheng Wei , Chen Jing , Liao Jiuling , Zheng Hairong , Sheng Zonghai 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAccurate detection of tumor margins is essential for successful cancer surgery. While indocyanine green (ICG)‐based near‐infrared (NIR) fluorescence (FL) surgical navigation enhances the visual identification of tumor margins, its accuracy remains subjective, underscoring the need for quantitative approaches. In this study, a high spatiotemporal fluorescence lifetime (FLT) imaging technology is developed in the second near‐infrared window (NIR‐II, 1000–1700 nm) for quantitative tumor margin detection, utilizing folate receptor‐targeted ICG nanoprobes (FPH‐ICG). FPH‐ICG exhibits a significantly prolonged NIR‐II FLT (750 ± 7 ps vs 260 ± 3 ps) and increased NIR‐II FL brightness (FPH‐ICG/ICG = 3.8). In vitro and in vivo studies confirm that FPH‐ICG specifically targets folate receptor‐α (FRα) on SK‐OV‐3 ovarian cancer cells, achieving high‐contrast NIR‐II FL imaging with a signal‐to‐background ratio of 10.8. Notably, NIR‐II FLT imaging demonstrates superior accuracy (90%) and consistency in defining tumor margins compared to NIR‐II FL imaging (58%) in both SK‐OV‐3 tumor‐bearing mice and clinical tumor samples. These findings underscore the potential of NIR‐II FLT imaging as a quantitative tool for guiding surgical tumor margin detection.
Long‐Durable Potassium Ion Batteries Enabled by Medium‐Entropy Lattice Engineering on Prussian Blue Analogues Cathodes
Authors: Wang Yangsu , Zhou Shenghui , Li Nan , Han Jiajia , Zhang Shilin , Zhuang Zilong , Sun Zhefei , Wang Xuechun , Wu Xiaoyu , Chen Zhilin , Pan Jianhai , Shen Yanbin , Xu Jijian , Zhu Yujie , Peng Dong‐Liang , Guo Zaiping , Zhang Qiaobao 
Published: December 2024

AbstractGiven their structural merits and electrochemical benefits, Prussian blue analogues (PBAs) hold great promise as cathode materials for potassium ion batteries (PIBs). However, these cathodes face formidable hurdles by structural failure and poor rate capability, primarily resulting from significant volumetric changes and sluggish kinetics during repeated intercalation/deintercalation of bulky K+ ions. Theoretically, the study reveals explicitly that quaternary medium‐entropy PBAs (Q‐ME‐PBAs), composed of Fe, Ni, Co, and Cu, demonstrate minimal lattice volume variations and low diffusion barriers during K+ ion interactions. This endows Q‐ME‐PBA with favorable ability to induce significant 3D lattice distortion, enabling the material to endure structural alterations during K+ ion movements and reinforce phase stability. Consequently, leveraging the structural and compositional advantages, the resultant Q‐ME‐PBAs cathode showcases exceptional cycling performance, maintaining over 90% capacity retention after 300 cycles at 0.25 C with a high initial coulombic efficiency of 94.4% and retaining 74.7% capacity even after an ultra‐long 10 000 cycles at 3.75 C over 147 days. Notably, full cells paired with hard carbon and graphite anodes show outstanding cycling stability and rate capability. This study charts fresh design directions for crafting high‐performance and durable cathodes through medium‐entropy lattice engineering for advanced PIBs.
Boosting Hydrogen Evolution Reaction on Co9S8 in Neutral Media Leveraging Oxophilic CrOx Mosaic Dopant
Authors: Park Yeji , Kim Hong Ki , Kwon Taehyun , Jun Minki , Kim Doyeop , Kim Taekyung , Kim Byeongyoon , Baik Hionsuck , Kim Ki‐Jeong , Lee Ji Yeong , Kim Jin Young , Baik Mu‐Hyun , Lee Kwangyeol 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe electrochemical production of sustainable hydrogen under neutral conditions is advantageous, as it allows for the use of wastewater or seawater without the need for pH adjustments. However, the low ion concentration in neutral electrolytes typically results in limited adsorption of reactants on the catalyst surfaces, leading to sluggish reaction kinetics. Therefore, enhancing absorption capacity is a key challenge in the development of neutral hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) catalysts. Hetero‐structured catalysts may improve surface adsorption through extensive interfacing between phases, enabling active transportation of reaction intermediates. Integrating metal sulfides and oxides, in particular, holds the potential for generating efficient electrocatalysts with improved HER activity and surface adsorption capacity. Herein, the synthesis of CrOx‐doped Co9S8/CuCrS2 mosaic hetero‐nanostructures is reported as a proficient HER catalyst. Facile Cr‐cation migration at the Co9S8/CuCrS2 interface enables the preparation of Cr‐oxide sub‐nano domains within the sulfide matrix, boosting the HER catalysis in neutral media. The exceptional electrochemical performance is demonstrated in a pH 7.4 phosphate buffer solution, including low overpotential, small Tafel slope, and stability over 60 h. The formulation of catalyst design and synthetic approaches has the potential to pave the way for diverse catalytic applications utilizing metal oxide‐doped hetero‐nanostructures.
Lattice modulation strategy toward efficient and durable RuO2‐based catalysts for acidic water oxidation
Authors: Han Linkai , Xiang Zhonghua 
Published: December 2024

AbstractRutile RuO2 is recognized for its outstanding acidic oxygen evolution reaction (OER) activity and notable cost advantage compared to iridium oxide for proton exchange membrane water electrolyzers (PEMWEs). However, the unsatisfactory stability of RuO2 hinders its practical application. Here, we report a lattice modulation strategy to enhance both the OER activity and stability of RuO2. Interestingly, the newly synthesized Mo0.15Nb0.05‐RuO2, with Mo doped first and then Nb, presents the greatest lattice spacing and possesses an overpotential of merely 205 mV at 10 mA cm−2, which significantly outperforms Nb0.05Mo0.15‐RuO2 (239 mV), where Nb was doped first followed by Mo, as well as the initial RuO2 (323 mV). Remarkably, Mo0.15Nb0.05‐RuO2 requires only 1.76 V to achieve 1 A cm−2 and exhibits exceptional stability in PEMWE testing, with a voltage rise of only 58 mV at 200 mA cm−2 for more than 80 h.
Structure matching mechanism of nRu/FeCo2O4 for highly‐selective oxidation of HMF toward FDCA
Authors: Wang Qiong‐Yu , Zhu Yucheng , Jiang Run , He Gan , Zhao Jun , Hu Jun , Liu Tao , Liu Honghai , Loo Siew‐Leng , Chen Zhong , Wang Jie‐Xin , Pan Zhiyan , Li Xiaonian , Cao Dapeng , Hu Zhong‐Ting 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe selective oxidation of 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) toward 2,5‐furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) offers a promising green pathway to obtain monomers for the synthesis of biodegradable plastics. However, developing a high‐selectivity catalyst and understanding the catalytic mechanism are still great challenge. Here, we synthesize a nRu/FeCo2O4 catalyst with Ru nanoparticles loaded on FeCo2O4. The nRu/FeCo2O4 presents excellent HMF oxidation activity with 100% HMF conversion efficiency and 99% FDCA yield under optimized conditions. Density‐functional theory calculations further reveal the structure matching mechanism of nRu/FeCo2O4 for high‐selective oxidation of HMF toward FDCA, that is, Ru loading in FeCo2O4 provides a more suitable structure matching configuration for adsorption of two‐side chains in HMF, which could optimize the adsorption energy and thus increase reactivity. In short, this work provides a promising structure matching strategy for designing dual‐active‐site relay catalyst to oxidize ‐CHO and C‐OH groups in HMF and thus achieve highly‐selective oxidation of HMF toward FDCA.
Electron Push‐Pull Effects for Solution and Solid‐State Emission Control in Naphthalene 2,7‐Position‐Based Donor–Acceptor–Donor
Authors: Kim Min‐Ji , Nam Gwiung , Lee Soyoon , Ahn Mina , Cho Dae Won , Wee Kyung‐Ryang 
Published: December 2024

AbstractOrganic luminescent materials have garnered significant attention owing to their potential applications, particularly due to their inherent flexibility and ease of processability. Accordingly, the development of strategies that enable precise control over both intra‐ and intermolecular interactions, which directly influence their emission properties, is of paramount importance. In this study, a series of naphthalene (NAP) 2,7‐position‐based donor–acceptor–donor (D−A−D) compounds were designed and synthesized to investigate the electron push‐pull effect on intramolecular and intermolecular interactions. The energy bandgaps of the compounds were controlled by the electron push‐pull effect, resulting in red‐shifted emission within 48 nm in the order of increasing electron‐donating ability in solution state. Experimental data and theoretical calculations show that the intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) properties of D−A−D compounds are systematically controlled by electron push‐pull effects. In particular, the solid‐state emission of the compounds showed a redshift in the same order as that observed in solution. This solid‐state emission behavior is explained by the electron push‐pull effect‐dependent intermolecular interactions. Consequently, an efficient single‐molecule and multi‐molecule emission control strategy by electron push‐pull effect in NAP 2,7‐position‐based D−A−D was successfully demonstrated.
Incisor Geometry, Relief, and Diet in Anthropoid Primates With Implications for Antillothrix
Authors: Cobb Savannah E. , Tennant Courtney Alexandria , La Darrell , Torres‐Chiriboga Fernando , Cooke Siobhán B. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTObjectivesPrevious studies report that geometric measures of incisor size and curvature in extant anthropoid primates correspond to dietary differences. However, other methodologies of assessing incisor shape variation, such as dental topographic analysis, have not been considered.Materials and MethodsThis study measures Relief Index (RFI), linear dimensions, and curvature of central mandibular incisors (I1) for a sample of extant anthropoids (n = 107). The utility of these measures in enhancing dietary separations across Anthropoidea is further investigated using traditional and phylogenetic statistics, principal component analysis, and multinomial logistic regression.ResultsTwo‐way ANOVAs find significant dietary differences and no sexual differences in I1 height, width, breadth, and RFI across crown anthropoids. Phylogenetic ANOVAs also detect significant dietary differences in these measures despite the presence of high and significant phylogenetic signal in height and RFI, indicating that dietary signals are robust. Predictive models combining I1 geometry and RFI outperform those using solely I1 geometry. A mixed‐feeding ecology is inferred for the fossil platyrrhine Antillothrix.
DiscussionOur findings indicate that I1 RFI and linear dimensions are robust dietary proxies in anthropoid primates that may be beneficial to future ecomorphological and paleontological analyses. The presence of phylogenetic signal merits further investigation, and we recommend a nuanced approach if applying I1 RFI or height as a dietary proxy for fossil primates.
Trabecular Bone Ontogeny of the Human Distal Tibia
Authors: Reid Rebecca A. G. , Davies Catriona , Cunningham Craig 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTObjectivesThere is an increasing understanding of how trabecular bone adapts to biomechanical changes during ontogeny. However, limited research exists regarding the distal tibia, which is important in weight‐bearing locomotion as part of the ankle joint. This study aims to document the ontogenetic trabecular patterns of the distal tibia, in addition to changes in its structural heterogeneity.Materials and MethodsThirty‐eight distal tibiae, ranging in age from 28 intrauterine weeks to 8 postnatal years, from the Scheuer juvenile skeletal collection were examined. Trabecular bone was analyzed using a quantitative volume of interest approach and qualitative whole bone mapping following microcomputed tomography.ResultsFetal and perinatal tibia lack mature organization and are associated with high bone volume fraction. During the first year of life, there is a decrease in bone volume fraction and an indication of early re‐organization of trabecular struts in the distal tibia. After one year of age, the distal tibia exhibits increased trabecular structural heterogeneity.DiscussionThe trabecular architecture of the fetal and perinatal distal tibia lacks mature organization and instead reflects ossification patterns. At these stages, there is a rapid accumulation of bone mass associated with gestational overproduction, hypothesized to be in preparation for subsequent postnatal changes. During the first year of life there is a decrease in volume fraction, associated with constructive regression. It is postulated this is related to changing biomechanical forces associated with the bipedal gait, in addition to growth demands. After one year of age, the distal tibia exhibits structural heterogeneity with trabecular adaption to accommodate specific bipedal stresses.
Polymer‐MOF Network Enabling Ultrathin Coating for Post‐Combustion Carbon Capture
Authors: Fan Shuting , Liang Canzeng , Feng Fan , Wong Karchun , Wang Kaiyu , Jia Shuyue , Bhuwania Nitesh , Zhang Sheng , Zhang Sui 
Published: December 2024

AbstractPermeance‐selectivity trade‐off and high temperature resilience are key challenges in development of membranes for post‐combustion carbon capture. While mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) consisting of polymers and metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) offer the potential to address the challenges, they are limited by the low loading of MOFs in the thin film layer. Herein, we propose an inverse synthesis strategy to form polymer‐MOF networks by copolymerizing monomers with functionalized UiO‐66 nanoparticles. This process yields a finely dispersed, easily processable solution, enabling defect‐free, thin polymer‐MOF coatings with up to 40 wt % MOF loading within the polyethylene oxide‐based polymers on polyacrylonitrile supports. The membrane with 40 wt % MOF demonstrated a 212 % increment in CO2 permeance at 25 °C and maintained a selectivity of 20 at 60 °C, which is attributed to the stable diffusivity selectivity of MOFs at high temperature. Furthermore, the membrane was evaluated with mixed gas and 83 % relative humidity (RH) at 60 °C, achieving a CO2 permeance up to 2793 GPU and a CO2/N2 selectivity of 21.6. This work offers insights into the design of practical mixed matrix membranes, which not only paves the way towards energy efficient carbon capture from flue gas, but also provides more possibilities for other applications.
Identifying N Coordination Types of Single‐Atom Catalysts by Spin‐Modulated Luminol Cathodic Electrochemiluminescence
Authors: Liu Mengru , Liu Mingxin , Chen Wenjie , Li Feiming , Cai Shunyou , Lin Shu‐Juan , Chen Xi , Cai Zhixiong 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe type of coordinated N atoms in the metal‐N coordination structure is of paramount importance to the catalytic property of N‐modified carbon‐based single‐atom catalysts (SACs). Extended X‐ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectroscopy is a powerful tool for analyzing the coordination environments of SACs. Despite its efficacy, the limited availability of synchrotron light sources and the complexity of data analysis have constrained its broader application in identifying metal‐N coordination types within SACs. In this work, two kind of CoN4 SACs, were prepared by varying the N source. Then their electrochemiluminescence (ECL) behavior in the luminol/dissolved oxygen system during cathodic scanning were investigated. In comparison to CoN4(pyridinic N), for which the spin density displays dz2 orbital characteristics, CoN4(pyrrolic N) exhibits dxz orbital features, which was more conducive to the subsequent cleavage of the O−O bond in O2⋅− to ⋅OH, resulting in the generation of more active intermediates *OH and the promotion of cathodic ECL emission. This work demonstrates that the ECL technique provides a novel method for the rapid identification of Co−N coordination types and the spin nature of the metal center in CoN4 SACs.
The Amplification of Alpha‐Synuclein Amyloid Fibrils is Suppressed under Fully Quiescent Conditions
Authors: Farzadfard Azad , Mason Thomas O. , Kunka Antonin , Mohammad‐Beigi Hossein , Bjerregaard‐Andersen Kaare , Folke Jonas , Aznar Susana , Kallunki Pekka , Buell Alexander K. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractSeed amplification assays (SAAs) are a promising avenue for the early diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases. However, when amplifying fibrils from patient‐derived samples in multiwell plates, it is currently highly challenging to accurately quantify the aggregates. It is therefore desirable to transfer such assays into a digital format in microemulsion droplets to enable direct quantification of aggregate numbers. To achieve transfer from conventional plate‐based to the microfluidic digital format, effective seed amplification needs to be achieved inside the microdroplets. Therefore, we establish a new set of assay conditions that enable highly efficient seed amplification in plates without any shaking. However, the same set of conditions displayed a very different behavior upon transfer to a microfluidic platform where no amplification was observed. We demonstrate that this is caused by the suppression of all secondary processes that could amplify the seeds in the complete absence of mechanical perturbations inside the microdroplets. We further show that the amplification inside droplets can be achieved by subjecting the microemulsions to high‐frequency vibrations using a piezo device. Taken together, our results provide novel insights into the physical requirements of alpha‐synuclein seed amplification and demonstrate a pathway towards the development of effective digital SAAs.
Reaction Pathway Regulation for Gaseous and Liquid Products of Electrocatalytic CO2 Reduction under Adsorbate Interactions
Authors: Hu Feng , Xu Xiaoqian , Sun Yajie , Hu Chuan , Shen Shuning , Wang Ying , Gong Lei , Li Linlin , Peng Shengjie 
Published: December 2024

AbstractHalide anion adsorption on transition metals can improve the performance of electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR), while the specific reaction mechanisms governing selective CO2RR pathways remain unclear. In this study, we reveal for the first time the distinct pathway switching between gaseous (CO) and liquid products (formate and ethanol) on the well‐defined Ag−Cu nanostructures with controlled chlorination. We show that CO2 conversion to CO on Ag/AgCl can be tuned by adjusting the thickness of AgCl layer, achieving a high selectivity over a broad potential range in a 0.5 M KHCO3 using flow cell. In contrast, the optimized Cl−Ag/Cu system enables the conversion of CO2 into liquid products including formate and ethanol with a total Faradaic efficiency (FE) nearing 100 %, delivering high current densities of 136.3 and 20.8 mA cm−2 at −1.3 V, respectively. In situ infrared experiments and theoretical calculations indicate that the lateral adsorbate of *OCHO intermediate facilitates the thermodynamics of both the CO pathway on Cl−Ag(111) and the formate pathway on Cl−Ag/Cu(111) by reducing Gibbs free energy barriers of each potential‐limit step. This work uncovers the role of chlorination in the tuning of C‐bound or O‐bound intermediates during CO2RR on Ag−Cu catalysts, determining the reaction pathway under lateral adsorbate effects.
Lactonase activity of α‐carbonic anhydrases allows identification of novel inhibitors
Authors: Giovannuzzi Simone , Supuran Claudiu T. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractLactones, a diverse and abundant class of molecules found in nature, exhibit a wide range of bioactivities, including anti‐inflammatory, anticancer, and antibacterial effects. Among them, acyl homoserine lactones (AHSLs) play a crucial role in quorum sensing, influencing bacterial pathogenicity and biofilm formation in Gram‐negative bacteria. Paraoxonases (PONs), calcium‐containing enzymes known for their lactonase activity, have been shown to hydrolyze AHSLs and reduce the biofilm formation of several pathogenic bacteria. In this study, we explored the potential lactonase activity of a class of zinc(II) enzymes, the carbonic anhydrases (CAs), aiming to uncover new insights into their catalytic versatility. Using LC‐MS and MS/MS analyses, we investigated the lactonase activity of CAs and assessed several lactones through a stopped‐flow kinetic assay as substrates/inhibitors. Our findings reveal that lactones are novel “prodrug” inhibitors of CAs, with lactones DHC and 6 showing the most promising inhibition constants (KIs) in the low micromolar range against both human and bacterial isozymes.