bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Correlation of exfoliation performance with interlayer cations of montmorillonite in the preparation of two‐dimensional nanosheets
Authors: Bai Haoyu , Zhao Yunliang , Zhang Xian , Wang Wei , Zhang Tingting , Liu Chang , Yi Hao , Song Shaoxian 
Published: December 2018

AbstractMontmorillonite (MMT) can be exfoliated into nanosheets used in a wide range of applications as two‐dimensional (2D) material. The exfoliated MMT nanosheets with high diameter–thickness ratio appear to show superior properties in preparation of nanocomposites and other functional materials. In this work, the correlation of exfoliation performance with interlayer cations of MMT in the preparation of 2D nanosheets was investigated. The thickness and lateral diameter of MMT nanosheets were quantitatively measured by atomic force microscopy (AFM) technique. AFM results showed the exfoliated K‐MMT had larger lateral diameter and thinner thickness than the exfoliated Ca‐MMT under the same exfoliation conditions. Molecular simulation was applied to investigate the interlayer‐binding energy (IBE), population analysis and density of states. K‐MMT structures tend to have higher in‐plane chemical bond intensity than Ca‐MMT because of the impact of antibonding. The IBE of K‐MMT was higher than that of Ca‐MMT after the sorption of water molecules into the neighboring monolayers, indicating that thinner naonosheets tend to be easier obtained from Ca‐MMT than K‐MMT in liquid exfoliation. These findings might be helpful for the preparation and application of 2D MMTNS through controlling interlayer cation species and the exfoliation properties of MMT.
Relationships among occupational stress, toileting behaviors, and overactive bladder in nurses: A multiple mediator model
Authors: Xu Dongjuan , Zhu Shanshan , Li Hui , Gao Jie , Mou Huanyu , Wang Kefang 
Published: December 2018

AbstractAimsTo investigate: (a) the prevalence of overactive bladder among male and female operating room nurses; (b) the unhealthy toileting behaviours that nurses adopt to void their bladders; and (c) the mediating roles that different toileting behaviours play in the relationship between occupational stress and overactive bladder.DesignA cross‐sectional design was used.MethodsThis study was conducted from July ‐ September 2016 in Jinan, China. Four hundred eligible operating room nurses in five hospitals were recruited. Data were collected through survey questionnaires including the nurse job stress scale, the toileting behaviours scale and the overactive bladder symptom score questionnaire. Multivariate linear or logistic regression models, as appropriate, were used to test the mediation effect of each toileting behaviour on the relationship between occupational stress and overactive bladder.ResultsOveractive bladder was highly prevalent in both male and female nurses working in operating rooms. Approximately one of three nurses reported experiencing an overactive bladder. The most common unhealthy toileting behaviour was delayed voiding. Unhealthy toileting behaviours mediated the relationship between occupational stress and overactive bladder. With high levels of occupational stress, nurses tended to adopt unhealthy toileting behaviours to empty their bladders. The more the nurses engaged in unhealthy toileting behaviours (e.g. delayed voiding and straining to void), the greater the likelihood of having overactive bladders.ConclusionsThis study highlights the mediating role of toileting behaviours on occupational stress and overactive bladder. To accommodate occupational stress, nurses engaged in unhealthy toileting behaviours that were detrimental to their bladder health.
“It opened up a whole new world for me”: Experiences of military commanders in employing individuals with intellectual disabilities
Authors: Werner Shirli , Hochman Yael 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBackgroundResearch on supported employment for individuals with intellectual disabilities has focused mainly on its effect on employees. Scant research has assessed the influence on employers and on the work setting. This study focused on a unique program to foster the employment of individuals with intellectual disabilities in the Israeli military and examined the effect of the program on the employers (military commanders) and on the military units.MethodSemi‐structured interviews were conducted with 28 military commanders.ResultsFour themes illustrate the influence of people with intellectual disabilities on the military units in which they work: (a) functioning of the military unit, (b) effect on other soldiers, (c) effect on commanders, and (d) effect on attitudes toward people with intellectual disabilities.ConclusionsResults suggest that employing soldiers with intellectual disabilities has beneficial effects on both commanders and the military units, although some negative attitudes remain and merit interventions.
Beer microfiltration with static turbulence promoter: Sum of ranking differences comparison
Authors: Varga Áron , Gáspár Igor , Juhász Réka , Ladányi Márta , Hegyes‐Vecseri Beáta , Kókai Zoltán , Márki Edit 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe challenges of beer microfiltration are fouling and to get decent quality. These problems can be partially eliminated with the use of Static Turbulence Promoter (STP). In this study, STP (pitch diameter ratio of 2, 13.2 mm pitch length, 6.5 mm diameter, 241 mm length, and 1.2 mm thickness), Pall Membralox T1‐70 membrane, and lager beer were used for the filtrations. Experiments were performed with combinations of different parameters, such as usage of STP (No/Yes), Transmembrane Pressure (TMP) (0.4–1.2 bar), and Retentate Flow Rate (Q) (50–200 L hr−1). Experiments were ranked with Sum of Ranking Differences based on the analytical properties, hydrodynamic and separation characteristics parameters. The best conditions were the following: STP = Yes, TMP = 0.4 bar, Q = 50 L hr−1; STP = No, TMP = 0.4 bar, Q = 200 L hr−1; STP = Yes, TMP = 1.2 bar, Q = 200 L hr−1.Practical applicationsClarification of rough beer is important because of eliminating yeast and colloidal particles responsible for haze and ensuring the microbiological stability of beer. Our research has several practical applications as mentioned below. First clarification of rough beer by crossflow microfiltration is more sustainable technology than conventional clarification with Kieselguhr, because of lower carbon footprint, lower solid waste stream, less beer loss, and less health and safety concerns. In addition, the shelf life of the microfiltered beer is longer, because there is no iron pickup. Furthermore, according to the results better beer quality can be achieved with the application of novel Static Turbulence Promoter (STP) compared to the conventional (without STP) membrane filtration. It is important because product quality is partly responsible for consumer satisfaction. Finally, it has been proven that usage of STP can improve filtration throughput that means lower production cost.
Effects of heat‐treated liquid whole egg on cake batter rheology and the quality of baked cake
Authors: Uysal Reyhan Selin , Sumnu Gulum , Boyaci Ismail Hakki 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe aim of the present study is to investigate the effects of heat‐treated liquid whole egg (LWE) on cake batter rheology (shear rate‐viscosity and shear rate–shear stress) and quality characteristics (moisture loss, color, porosity, texture, and specific volume) of baked cakes. LWE was pasteurized at different levels which were 60–68 °C for 2 and 5 min. Cake batter and baked cakes were prepared using both untreated and treated LWE, and rheological properties and quality characteristics were measured, respectively. Flow behavior index (n) and consistency index (K) of the control batter group were found significantly different from the treated LWE cake batters. Heat treatment of LWE showed an unfavorable effect on porosity (decrease from 59% to 49%), hardness (increase from 1.1 to 1.4 N), and specific volume (decrease from 3.6 to 3.4 cm3/g) of the baked cakes because of having less volume and a stiffer structure of heat‐treated LWE batter.Practical applicationsEgg is the most essential ingredient in cake production due to its functional properties in the formation of foam. Therefore, egg quality is highly critical to achieve desired cake quality. Recently, usage of liquid egg instead of shell egg has been increased because of its ease of use and microbial quality. However, use of liquid egg may degrade the physical quality of cake due to pasteurization process during liquid egg production. Heat treatment may cause a destructive effect on foaming properties of egg proteins resulted in less fluffy cake. Poor quality product leads to customer dissatisfaction and reduction in consumer demand. Therefore, it is important to reveal negative effects of heat‐treated liquid egg on the quality of baked cake. In this study, the effects of heat‐treated liquid whole egg on rheological properties of cake batter and quality characteristics of sponge cake was demonstrated.
Immunogenicity is not the driving force of treatment failure in vedolizumab‐treated inflammatory bowel disease patients
Authors: Van den Berghe Nathalie , Verstockt Bram , Tops Sophie , Ferrante Marc , Vermeire Séverine , Gils Ann 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBackground and AimThe pivotal GEMINI trials reported low immunogenicity of vedolizumab. However, anti‐vedolizumab antibodies (AVA) are frequently underestimated because most assays are not drug‐tolerant and unable to detect antidrug antibodies while there is drug in the circulation. This study aimed to explore which antidrug antibody assay is best suited to detect AVA and investigated immunogenicity of vedolizumab in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients discontinuing vedolizumab therapy.MethodsA drug‐tolerant affinity capture elution (ACE) assay was developed for the measurement of AVA in the presence of vedolizumab and compared with the previously established drug‐resistant and drug‐sensitive assays. Vedolizumab and AVA were measured at week 6, at the last infusion, and 12–20 weeks after treatment discontinuation in a cohort of 40 vedolizumab‐treated IBD patients who stopped treatment due to primary non‐response, loss of response, or adverse events.ResultsThe drug‐tolerant ACE assay could detect AVA in samples that the drug‐resistant and drug‐sensitive assays were unable to. Using the drug‐tolerant ACE assay, 3 (8%) out of 40 vedolizumab‐treated IBD patients who discontinued therapy were AVA positive at week 6, whereas no AVA were detected at the last infusion nor after treatment discontinuation. Primary non‐responders had numerically lower median vedolizumab concentrations at week 6 compared with patients with loss of response (20.3 vs 30.7 μg/mL, respectively, P = 0.0570).ConclusionsImmunogenicity of vedolizumab is not the driving force of treatment failure, and AVA do not increase upon treatment discontinuation in vedolizumab‐treated IBD patients. Underexposure during induction might partially be responsible for primary non‐response.
Factors associated with depression and anxiety in children with intellectual disabilities
Authors: Whitney D. G. , Shapiro D. N. , Peterson M. D. , Warschausky S. A. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBackgroundIndividuals with intellectual disabilities (ID) are at increased risk for depression and anxiety disorders; however, there is a paucity of research that pertains to associative factors for these mental health disorders in this population. The objective of this investigation was to determine factors associated with depression and anxiety problems in children with ID.MethodsChildren 6–17 years with ID (n = 423; 63% male) from the 2016 National Survey of Children's Health were included in this cross‐sectional study. Outcome measures included depression and anxiety problems. Predictor variables included sociodemographics, ID severity, co‐morbid conditions (autism spectrum disorders, epilepsy, cerebral palsy, Down syndrome and attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder), physical factors (i.e. physical activity, sleep duration and pain) and social factors (e.g. participation in activities and bully victimisation). Multivariable logistic regression was performed to determine the association between all factors and depression and/or anxiety problems among children with ID.ResultsThe prevalence of depression and/or anxiety problems was 35.4%. After adjusting for sociodemographics, Hispanic race was associated with lower odds [odds ratio (OR), 0.3; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.1–0.8] of depression and/or anxiety problems. After adjusting for race, co‐morbid conditions, and physical and social factors, autism spectrum disorders (OR, 4.4; 95% CI, 1.1–10.1), Down syndrome (OR, 0.2; 95% CI, 0.1–0.8), attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (OR, 5.9; 95% CI, 2.5–14.3), pain (OR, 7.0; 95% CI, 2.9–17.1) and bully victimisation (OR 2.3; 95% CI, 1.0–5.3) were each associated with depression and/or anxiety problems.ConclusionsThe present study identified both treatable and modifiable, as well as unmodifiable, factors associated with depression and/or anxiety problems in children with ID.
Association between sleep and fatigue in nurses who are engaged in 16 h night shifts in Japan: Assessment using actigraphy
Authors: Kagamiyama Hiromi , Sumi Naomi , Yoshida Yuko , Sugimura Naotaka , Nemoto Fumie , Yano Rika 
Published: December 2018

AbstractAimTo determine the association between sleep and fatigue in nurses who are working in a two‐shift system, including 16 h night shifts.MethodsSixty‐one nurses were assessed on their sleeping and napping over 9 days, using actigraphy and a sleep diary. Work‐related feelings of fatigue were measured by using the “Jikaku‐sho shirabe” questionnaire and the Cumulative Fatigue Symptoms Index.ResultsThe main night‐time sleep started after 00:00 hours in half of the participants and the average start and end times were significantly delayed among the participants in their 20s, compared to those in their 40s . Although ~90% of the participants napped during and/or after a night shift, only 50.8% napped for >2 h during their shift and 32.8% napped in the morning after a night shift. In the high‐fatigue group, significantly more nurses went to sleep after 00:25 hours than before 00:26 hours the night after a night shift. Furthermore, those nurses who napped for >2 h during their night shift exhibited a significantly lower rate of some cumulative fatigue symptoms, compared to those who did not. In addition, a combination of napping in the morning after a night shift and beginning the following night‐time sleep before 00:26 hours were associated with a significant decrease in fatigue symptoms.ConclusionsNaps at an appropriate time and of an appropriate duration, along with the practice of beginning the night‐time sleep early after a night shift, might relieve cumulative mental fatigue in nurses who are working 16 h night shifts.
Preservation of high‐P rocks coupled to rock composition and the absence of metamorphic fluids
Authors: Skelton Alasdair , Peillod Alexandre , Glodny Johannes , Klonowska Iwona , Månbro Carolina , Lodin Karin , Ring Uwe 
Published: December 2018

AbstractEclogites, blueschists and greenschists are found in close proximity to one another along a 1‐km coastal section where the Cyclades Blueschist Unit (CBU) is exposed on SE Syros, Greece. Here, we show that the eclogites and blueschists experienced the same metamorphic history: prograde lawsonite blueschist facies metamorphism at 1.2–1.9 GPa and 410–530°C followed, at 43–38 Ma, by peak blueschist/eclogite facies metamorphism at 1.5–2.1 GPa and 520–580°C. We explain co‐existence of eclogites and blueschists by compositional variation probably reflecting original compositional layering. It is also shown that the greenschists record retrogression at 0.34 ± 0.21 GPa and T = 456 ± 68°C. This was spatially associated with a shear zone on a scales of 10–100‐m and veins on a scale of 1–10‐cm. Greenschist facies metamorphism ended at (or shortly after) 27 Ma. We thus infer a period of metamorphic quiescence after eclogite/blueschist facies metamorphism and before greenschist facies retrogression which lasted up to 11–16 million years. We suggest that this reflects an absence of metamorphic fluid flow at that time and conclude that greenschist facies retrogression only occurred when and where metamorphic fluids were present. From a tectonic perspective, our findings are consistent with studies showing that the CBU is (a) a high‐P nappe stack consisting of belts in which high‐P metamorphism and exhumation occurred at different times and (b) affected by greenschist facies metamorphism during the Oligocene, prior to the onset of regional tectonic extension.
Effectiveness of nursing interventions among patients with cancer: An overview of systematic reviews
Authors: Tuominen Leena , Stolt Minna , Meretoja Riitta , Leino‐Kilpi Helena 
Published: December 2018

AbstractAims and objectivesTo explore nursing interventions used among patients with cancer and summarise the results of their effectiveness. The ultimate goal was to improve the quality of care and provide best evidence for clinicians to refer to while developing effective nursing interventions.BackgroundNursing interventions refer to actions that nurses take with the aim of improving the well‐being of people with cancer‐related health and care needs. A plethora of systematic reviews has been conducted in this research area, although with scattered results. We conducted a comprehensive review to identify and summarise the existing evidence.MethodsThis overview of systematic reviews adheres to the PRISMA guidelines. The PubMed, CINAHL, MEDLINE and Scopus databases were searched. Nine reviews reporting findings from 112 original studies published 2007–2017 met the selection criteria. The results of intervention effectiveness were analysed using descriptive quantification and a narrative summary of the quantitative data.ResultsThe effectiveness of educational nursing interventions was inconsistent on quality of life (QoL), attitudes, anxiety and distress, but positive on level of knowledge, symptom severity, sleep and uncertainty. Psychosocial nursing interventions had a significant effect on spiritual well‐being, meaning of life, fatigue and sleep. Psychological nursing interventions reduced cancer‐related fatigue. Nursing interventions supporting patients’ coping had a significant impact on anxiety, distress, fatigue, sleep, dyspnoea and functional ability. Activity‐based interventions may prevent cancer‐related fatigue.ConclusionsNursing interventions achieved significant physical and psychological effects on the lives of patients with cancer. Multidimensional nature of interventions by combining different elements reinforces the effect. Priorities for future research include identifying the most beneficial components of these interventions.Relevance to Clinical PracticeImplementation of these nursing interventions into clinical practice is important to improve patients’ knowledge and QoL as well as reducing various symptoms and side effects related to cancer and its treatment.
Prevalence and treatment strategies regarding temporomandibular disorders in children and adolescents—A systematic review
Authors: Christidis Nikolaos , Lindström Ndanshau Elisande , Sandberg Amanda , Tsilingaridis Georgios 
Published: December 2018

SummaryAimsTemporomandibular disorders (TMD) in children/adolescents are very common. Yet, there is a lack of consensus regarding which clinical interventions are appropriate. The aim of this systematic review was to gather and assess the quality of the available literature on the prevalence and evidence‐based treatment strategies in children and adolescents suffering from TMD.MethodsA systematic literature review was conducted including articles from 1992 to 2016. A total of 2293 articles were found. Eight were included, six regarding prevalence and two regarding treatment. Simple or multiple conjunctions of different search words: “temporomandibular disorder”, “temporomandibular joint disorder”, “prevalence”, “children” “adolescents”, “occlusal appliance”, “jaw exercise” and “relaxation” were used on the databases PubMed and Web of Science. Inclusion criteria were (a) scientific articles or randomised controlled clinical trials evaluating prevalence, choice of therapy and treatment outcome for children and/or adolescents with TMD published in Swedish or English and (b) a TMD diagnosis according to the Research Diagnostic Criteria for TMD or Diagnostic Criteria for TMD.ResultsPrevalence (ages 10‐19 years) varied between 7.3 and 30.4%, and the most common diagnoses were myofascial pain and anterior disc displacement with reduction. Only two articles were found regarding treatment in adolescents (ages 12‐18 years). The stabilising occlusal appliance had superior treatment outcome compared to relaxation therapy or brief information.ConclusionThe general absence of standardised studies concerning children/adolescents with TMD pain states the evident need for further systematic prevalence and treatment evaluations. Considering this, it is not possible to achieve any evidence‐based treatment strategies or guidelines for children and adolescents with TMD.
Psychosocial consequences of gastrointestinal symptoms and dietary changes in people receiving automated peritoneal dialysis
Authors: Duncanson Emily , Chur‐Hansen Anna , Jesudason Shilpanjali 
Published: December 2018

SUMMARYBackgroundGastrointestinal (GI) symptoms are associated with poor psychosocial wellbeing among people receiving peritoneal dialysis (PD). The mind‐gut axis represents one possible explanatory mechanism for this relationship. Despite existing evidence, the individual's experience of GI symptoms and their potential psychosocial consequences have not been explored.ObjectiveTo understand the experiences of people receiving peritoneal dialysis regarding their gastrointestinal health and psychosocial wellbeing.MethodTen people undergoing automated PD (five females, five males) aged 31–77 years (Mean = 59.3, SD = 15.67) participated in a single one‐on‐one qualitative interview. Interviews ceased at thematic saturation. Transcripts were analysed using the framework approach.ResultsA central theme of Autonomy emerged from the data representing participants’ experiences of the psychosocial consequences of dialysis, GI symptoms, and dietary changes. This overarched two main themes: 1) Loss of Autonomy [Sub‐themes: Interference to Daily Life (Dialysis process and sleep, Impacts on relationships), Powerlessness, Frustration, Food Aversion, and Restriction (Friendships and social life, Impacts on partner)] and 2) Attempts to Gain Autonomy (Sub‐themes: Coping Well, Pragmatism, and Maintaining Normality). A related sub‐theme of Partner as a Carer emerged as part of Loss of Autonomy.ConclusionGI symptoms and diet and fluid restrictions have psychosocial consequences resulting in multiple losses of autonomy for people receiving PD, who employ strategies to attempt to regain autonomy in the face of these issues. Dietary and GI symptom management advice should aim to enhance patient autonomy within the confines of PD therapy and thus reduce its psychosocial impacts.