bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PCRX-201, a novel IL-1Ra gene therapy treatment approach for low back pain resulting from intervertebral disc degeneration
Authors: Snuggs Joseph W. , Senter Rebecca K. , Whitt Joshua P. , Jackson J. Derek , Le Maitre Christine L. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractLow back pain is the leading cause of global disability with intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration a major cause. However, no current treatments target the underlying pathophysiological causes. PCRX-201 presents a novel gene therapy approach that addresses this issue. PCRX-201 codes for interleukin-1 receptor antagonist, the signalling inhibitor of the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-1, which orchestrates the catabolic degeneration of the IVD. Here, the ability of PCRX-201 to transduce human nucleus pulposus cells to increase IL-1Ra production was assessed together with effects on catabolic pathways. When transduced with PCRX-201, the production and release of IL-1Ra was increased in degenerate human nucleus pulposus cells and tissue. Whereas, the production of downstream proteins, including IL-1β, IL-6, MMP3, ADAMTS4 and VEGF were decreased in both cells and tissue, indicating a reduction in IL-1-induced catabolic signalling. Here, a novel gene therapy vector, PCRX-201, was shown to transduce degenerate NP cells and tissue, increasing the production of IL-1Ra. The increased IL-1Ra resulted in decreased production of catabolic cytokines, enzymes and angiogenic factors, whilst also increasing aggrecan expression. This demonstrates PCRX-201 enables the inhibition of IL-1-driven IVD degeneration. The ability of PCRX-201 to elicit anti-catabolic responses is promising and warrants further development to determine the efficacy of this exciting, novel gene therapy.
Spatiotemporal predictions guide attention throughout the adult lifespan
Authors: Shalev Nir , Boettcher Sage , Nobre Anna C. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractOlder adults struggle with tasks requiring selective attention amidst distractions. Experimental observations about age-related decline have relied on visual search designs using static displays. However, natural environments often embed dynamic structures that afford proactive anticipation of task-relevant information. We investigate the capacity to benefit from spatiotemporal predictions across the adult lifespan. Participants (N = 300, aged 20–80) searched for multiple targets that faded in and out of displays among distractors. Half of the targets appeared at a fixed time and approximate location, whereas others appeared unpredictably. Overall search performance was reduced with age. Nevertheless, prediction-led behaviour, reflected in a higher detection of predictable targets, remained resistant to aging. Predictions were most pronounced when targets appeared in quick succession. When evaluating response speed, predictions were also significant but reduced with progressing age. While our findings confirm an age-related decline, we identified clear indications for proactive attentional guidance throughout adulthood.
Vulnerability of Arctic Ocean microbial eukaryotes to sea ice loss
Authors: Jackson Victoria L. N. , Grevesse Thomas , Kilias Estelle S. , Onda Deo F. L. , Young Kirsten F. , Allen Michael J. , Walsh David A. , Lovejoy Connie , Monier Adam 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe Arctic Ocean (AO) is changing at an unprecedented rate, with ongoing sea ice loss, warming and freshening impacting the extent and duration of primary productivity over summer months. Surface microbial eukaryotes are vulnerable to such changes, but basic knowledge of the spatial variability of surface communities is limited. Here, we sampled microbial eukaryotes in surface waters of the Beaufort Sea from four contrasting environments: the Canada Basin (open ocean), the Mackenzie Trough (river-influenced), the Nuvuk region (coastal) and the under-ice system of the Canada Basin. Microbial community structure and composition varied significantly among the systems, with the most phylogenetically diverse communities being found in the more coastal systems. Further analysis of environmental factors showed potential vulnerability to change in the most specialised community, which was found in the samples taken in water immediately beneath the sea ice, and where the community was distinguished by rare species. In the context of ongoing sea ice loss, specialised ice-associated microbial assemblages may transition towards more generalist assemblages, with implications for the eventual loss of biodiversity and associated ecosystem function in the Arctic Ocean.
Thrust system, flower structures and transpressive duplexes in Zeidun-Kareim Belt, Central Tectonic Province, Egyptian Nubian Shield (East African Orogen)
Authors: Hamimi Zakaria , Khalil Magdi , Saad Hoda Ragab , El-Tawapty Mahmoud N. , Khamis Hosam , Elbahrawy Ahmed , Abdelmaksoud Ashraf S. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn this study, we explore thrust system, flower structures and transpressive duplexes in the Zeidun-Kareim belt (ZKB) in the Egyptian Nubian Shield (ENS; northwestern ANS). Filed observations and the measured stretched lineations along thrust planes reveal two main thrusting directions; ESE- (to NE- and NNE-)- and NW- (to WNW-)-directions belonging to two main phases of contraction. The timing of both phases is indirectly constrained. The older ESE- (to NE- and NNE-)-vergent thrusting is attributed to the E-W Gondwana assembly. The younger NW- (to WNW-)-vergent thrusting is akin to the Najd Orogeny. The poles to the in-sequence thrusts lie close to the poles of stretching lineations. The mean orientations of thrust propagation are, respectively, 059° and 309°. Propagation of thrusting along the two main thrusting directions resulted in the formation of a complete geometry of thrust duplex system, imbricate nappe stacking, flower structures and thrust-related folding. The top-to- ESE- (to NE- and NNE-) transpression reflects dextral sense, whereas the top-to- NW- (to WNW-) transpression exhibits sinistral sense, in compatible with those recorded and argued by many authors elsewhere in the ENS and the entire ANS. Our study fully constraints the ZKB spathio-temporal tectonic evolution which involves three main stages.
Scan speed affects quantitative optical coherence tomography angiography vascular metrics
Authors: Vidal-Oliver Lourdes , Herzig-de Almeida Elisa , Spissinger Sabrina , Dolz-Marco Rosa , Finger Robert P. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractOptical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) offers the possibility of obtaining objective quantification of retinal vasculature, with increasing utility as biomarkers for both systemic and ocular diseases. However, the differences between different manufacturers and scan settings are still an important limitation, as many parameters could affect vessel quantification. Here we aim to study the influence of scan speed on quantitative vascular parameters using OCTA. 57 eyes in good retinal health received two consecutive 20 × 20° macular OCTA scans using SPECTRALIS SHIFT at different scan speeds: 85 and 125 kHz. Vessel density (VD) and vessel length density (VLD) in both the superficial (SVP) and deep vascular plexus (DVP), duration of the scan and Q-value were compared between scanning speeds. OCTA images taken at 85 kHz showed significantly higher VD and VLD values (% reduction in SVP: VD -4.03% to -5.8%, VLD − 4.96% to -6.07%; in DVP: VD -3.35% to -6.58%, VLD − 3.60% to -6.66%). At 125 kHz, acquisition time was reduced by 22%, but Q-values were lower (34.1 vs. 35.6). Thus, while higher A-scan rates reduce acquisition time, they lower VD and VLD in both plexus. Further studies in eyes with pathology are needed to better understand the magnitude of these changes.
Actual usage assessment among cloud storage consumers in the Philippines using a machine learning ensemble approach
Authors: Ong Ardvin Kester S. , Altes Gerlyn C. , German Josephine D. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractCloud storage has been widely considered among developed and developing countries due to its ability to provide a platform for large data and information storage. Developing countries like the Philippines have started using this storage and have only since considered the free services. With the aim to understand utility for development and continuous patronage, there has been lacking evidence in the intention and actual use of cloud storages. The need for study is evident to promote and develop concrete strategies for cloud storage uptake, even if payment is needed for extra storage. This study analyzed the antecedents of actual use behavior of cloud storage in a developing country like the Philippines using a machine learning ensemble (MLE). With 616 valid responses, a total of 33,264 datasets were processed to analyze the actual use of cloud storage among Filipinos, measured using the integrated extended technology acceptance model and valence framework. With an average accuracy of 93% and 90% for the MLE considered, results have presented consistent output of voluntariness, subjective norm, perceived benefit, perceived usefulness, and perceived ubiquity to be contributing factors affecting actual use behavior. It could be posited that both personal and professional usage of cloud storage has been considered by users. In addition, due to people’s readiness to use technology nowadays, the adoption of which is relatively convenient for them. Evident from the findings, further technological infrastructure is needed to be enhanced in the country for a more positive continuous intention. Therefore, the application of the integrated framework may be used and expanded for other technology utilities in different countries. Lastly, practical and managerial insights were built on the results to provide strategies and development needed for marketing, utility, and application.
Plasmodium berghei liver stage parasites exploit host GABARAP proteins for TFEB activation
Authors: Schmuckli-Maurer Jacqueline , Bindschedler Annina F. , Wacker Rahel , Würgler Oliver M. , Rehmann Ruth , Lehmberg Timothy , Murphy Leon O. , Nguyen Thanh N. , Lazarou Michael , Monfregola Jlenia , Ballabio Andrea , Heussler Volker T. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPlasmodium, the causative agent of malaria, infects hepatocytes prior to establishing a symptomatic blood stage infection. During this liver stage development, parasites reside in a parasitophorous vacuole (PV), whose membrane acts as the critical interface between the parasite and the host cell. It is well-established that host cell autophagy-related processes significantly impact the development of Plasmodium liver stages. Expression of genes related to autophagy and lysosomal biogenesis is orchestrated by transcription factor EB (TFEB). In this study, we explored the activation of host cell TFEB in Plasmodium berghei-infected cells during the liver stage of the parasite. Our results unveiled a critical role of proteins belonging to the Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor-associated protein subfamily (GABARAP) of ATG8 proteins (GABARAP/L1/L2 and LC3A/B/C) in recruiting the TFEB-blocking FLCN-FNIP (Folliculin-Folliculin-interacting protein) complex to the PVM. Remarkably, the sequestration of FLCN-FNIP resulted in a robust activation of TFEB, reliant on conjugation of ATG8 proteins to single membranes (CASM) and GABARAP proteins. Our findings provide novel mechanistic insights into host cell signaling occurring at the PVM, shedding light on the complex interplay between Plasmodium parasites and the host cell during the liver stage of infection.
High-performance Rh@MgO catalysts for complete dehydrogenation of hydrazine borane: a comparative study
Authors: Bulut Ahmet , Erkartal Mustafa , Yurderi Mehmet , Top Tuba , Zahmakiran Mehmet 
Published: November 2024

Rh@MgO catalyzes hydrazine borane dehydrogenation with 100% H2 selectivity and a TOF of 2005.34 h−1 at 50 °C, demonstrating excellent performance at low Rh content for cost-effective industrial use.
Intramuskuläre Sehnenverletzungen am Oberschenkel: Diagnostik – operative Therapie – Rehabilitation
Authors: Hinterwimmer Stefan , Mack Martin , Wittke Andreas , Friedl Hans , Fritsch Lorenz 
Published: November 2024

ZusammenfassungIntramuskuläre Sehnenverletzungen der Oberschenkelmuskulatur stellen ein relativ häufiges und insgesamt erhebliches Problem in der Sportmedizin, vor allem bei schnellkräftigen Sportarten, dar. Die MRT ist ein wertvolles Instrument zur Diagnose und Beurteilung der Schwere dieser Verletzungen. Therapeutisch stehen, je nach Schwere und Chronizität der Verletzung, die konservative, aber auch die operative Behandlung zur Auswahl. Wir zeigen die typischen MRT-Kriterien bei einer akuten wie auch chronischen Verletzung der intramuskulären Oberschenkelsehnen und beschreiben v.a. die chirurgische Behandlung bzw. die operative Technik im Detail. Sowohl die akuten als auch die chronischen Läsionen können erfolgreich operiert werden. In der Rehabilitation stellt die MRT-Kontrolle erneut ein wertvolles Tool dar; die funktionellen Testungen wie EMG und Kraftmessung auf der Kraftmessplatte und in der Isokinetik dürfen jedoch nicht fehlen. Die Rückkehr zum Wettkampfsport ist innerhalb von ca. 4 Monaten möglich.
Transverse versus Vertical Incision in the Surgical Management of Placenta Accreta Spectrum
Authors: Oberlin Austin , Yoh Katherine , Overton Eve , Booker Whitney A. , Ilagan John G. , Sassine Dib , Diggs Alexandra , Laifer-Narin Sherelle , Cimic Adela , Ring Laurence E. , Sheikh Maria , Clair Caryn St. , Hou June , Buckley De Meritens Alexandre , Wright Jason D. , D'Alton Mary , Nhan Chang Chia-Ling , Mourad Mirella , Khoury-Collado Fady 
Published: November 2024

Objectives Traditionally, midline vertical skin incisions have been utilized during surgery for placenta accreta spectrum (PAS), as it is considered to maximize exposure and allow for a uterine incision to avoid the placenta. However, literature directly comparing outcomes of vertical versus transverse incisions in PAS is sparse. Our objective was to compare maternal outcomes between patients who underwent a vertical versus a transverse skin incision for PAS.
Study Design Retrospective review of patients with pathologically confirmed PAS undergoing scheduled surgery at our institution between September 2019 and November 2023. Starting in October 2021, select patients were offered a transverse skin approach. Patients were eligible if the surgery was scheduled, and the placenta was not entirely covering the anterior uterine wall. The transverse skin incision was approximately 18 to 20 cm and used the patient's prior scar. Primary outcomes included the rate of maternal transfusion >4 units of packed red blood cells (PRBCs), the incidence of surgical complications, and the need for conversion to general anesthesia (GETA).
Results Seventy patients underwent scheduled surgery for PAS. Thirty-three patients had a vertical skin incision, and 37 had a transverse incision. After initiation of the transverse incision approach, 37/43 (86%) had a transverse incision and none required conversion to a vertical incision intraoperatively. The two groups were similar with regard to age, body mass index (BMI; kg/m2), and severity of PAS. There was no difference in the rate of transfusion of >4 units of PRBCs (vertical 12% vs. transverse 22%, p = 0.29), or in the rate of intraoperative complications (i.e., cystotomy; vertical 3% vs. transverse 14%, p = 0.20). In patients with a transverse incision, a significantly lower number of patients required conversion to GETA intraoperatively (vertical 70% vs. transverse 24%, p < 0.001).
Conclusion In appropriately selected patients, a transverse skin incision was associated with lower conversion to GETA without any difference in intraoperative outcomes.
Key Points
Outcome and Complications Following Medial Patellar Luxation Corrective Surgery with Tibial Tuberosity Transposition Using a Locking Plate and a Pin Fixation: 45 Unilateral and 20 Single-Session Bilateral Procedures
Authors: Eskelinen Esa V. , Suhonen Ari P. , Virolainen Juha V. , Liska William D. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Objectives To evaluate the outcome and complications in dogs with medial patellar luxation (MPL) undergoing tibial tuberosity transposition (TTT) with a locking plate and pin fixation (Plate–Pin).
Methods This retrospective multicenter study included 65 consecutive MPL stifle surgeries using tibial tuberosity (TT) fixation with a 5-hole locking plate and a pin. The median weight of the dogs was 6.2 kg. The grade of luxation was 2/4 in 50 stifles and 3/4 in 15 stifles. Outcomes were assessed during follow-up examinations 33 to 648 days after surgery with clinical examination and radiography. Canine Orthopedic Index questionnaires were sent to owners 6 to 39 months after surgery.
Results Complications were reported in 14/65 stifles, of which 8/14 were minor and 6/14 were major. After treatment of the major complications, lameness was resolved in all cases and the MPL was resolved in 64/65 stifles.
Clinical Significance When the surgery was performed as described in this article, Plate–Pin fixation for TT during MPL surgery is a feasible technique with a lower incidence of luxation recurrence, TT avulsion, and fractures compared with recent retrospective studies with pin and tension band wire TT fixation. Further development of the locking plate TT fixation is indicated to resolve pin-related complications and to determine if fixation including a pin is necessary.
Review of Scientific Instruments New Products
Authors: Mandelis Andreas 
Published: November 2024

Park Systems tailored its Park FX200 to offer precision, reliability, and ease of use in atomic force microscopy on 200 mm samples. Its advanced mechanical structure ensures a lower noise floor, minimal thermal drift, and high stability. Faster Z-servo performance and an improved high-power sample view enhance operational efficiency and imaging capabilities. Features such as automatic probe recognition and probe exchange, laser-beam alignment, and macro-optics for full sample view simplify the user experience and maximize productivity. With optical autofocus, navigation, and sequential measurements at multiple coordinates, combined with automated AFM-scan parameter settings and data analysis, the FX200 streamlines complex operations, making it suitable for both research and industrial applications. Park Systems Inc., 3040 Olcott Street, Santa Clara, CA 95054, USA (408-986-1110) https://parksystems.com
Protein capture performance of microfluidic system: effects of a super hydrophilic coating
Authors: Lu Kuan-Chung , Chen Chun-Wei , Huang Kuan-Yu , Hsiao Yu-Sheng , Yiu Pak-Man , Bai Meng-Yi , Chu Jinn P 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This paper outlines the coating of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) with a 316 stainless-steel (SS) thin film to create a super hydrophilic microfluidic system for the capture of hydrophilic bovine serum albumin (BSA) protein. Scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy images revealed a nanopyramid structure on the SS coating, which significantly increased the surface roughness, compared to that of PMMA. Measurements of water contact angle (6.06°) and PBS contact angle (7.14°) confirmed the super hydrophilic nature of the coated surface. The positive zeta potential of SS (−7.58 mV and −5.2 mV) exceeded that of PMMA (−21.73 mV and −22.78 mV) at pH 6.8 and 7.4, respectively. High surface roughness, super hydrophilicity, and positive surface potential make SS coating an ideal candidate for the capture of BSA protein. In spiral channel experiments, high fluorescence intensity confirmed the efficient capture of BSA. In linear channel experiments, the maximum capture efficiency of SS (72.58%) exceeded that of PMMA and increased in a dose-dependent manner. The excellent protein capture performance can be attributed to the large contact area resulting from a rough surface and correspondingly high surface area-to-volume ratio.
Diagnostic techniques for the interaction of non-thermal atmospheric pressure plasmas and targets
Authors: Sobota A , Garcia-Caurel E , Guaitella O 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The interaction of non-thermal atmospheric pressure plasmas and targets of various properties is an interdisciplinary area of growing interest. The understanding of the interaction mechanisms between a cold atmospheric pressure plasma and the surface of a liquid or a solid target, as well as the modifications induced inside the target, requires in situ study of these phenomena. Techniques for characterizing the plasma above the target are very well developed but on their own they are not sufficient for understanding the interaction with the target because the target itself must be studied while being under direct exposure to the plasma. The topic of this review are the diagnostic techniques for the characterization of the target in a plasma-target system, performed in situ, while under plasma exposure, time-and space- resolved. Examples also include combining the existing gas-phase techniques with the techniques that traditionally characterize the target in absence of plasma. Many approaches stem from plasma science, but also chemistry, material science, mass transport and fluid dynamics. The possibilities and limitations of the in situ characterization techniques for liquid or solid targets are described, with examples of applications to atmospheric pressure non thermal plasma-target systems.
Engineering the third-order nonlinear optical absorption properties of two-dimensional layered materials
Authors: Lu Chunhui , Li Erkang , Ge Yanqing , Wu Dan , Dong Wen , Wang Yijie , Zhao Lili , Xu Xinlong 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) materials have garnered significant attention in the on-chip photonic and optoelectronic applications due to strong light-matter interactions and compatibility with the current planar optoelectronic technology in an atomic thickness. Recent investigation unveiled that 2D materials with prominent interlayer coupling and quantum confinement have shown strong and tunable nonlinear optical (NLO) absorption (saturable absorption (SA), reverse SA, two-photon absorption, etc), which lays a solid foundation for optical circuits, all-optical control as well as ultrafast and Q-switch lasers. In this review, we have outlined the basic theory of third-order NLO absorption for the 2D materials. On this basis, we also summarized the main strategies to modulate and enhance NLO absorption of 2D materials, such as defect engineering, surface termination, crystal phase variation, layer-number control, and heterostructure construction. Finally, the future challenges and outlooks toward engineering NLO properties and further extending and realizing practical photonic and optoelectronic applications based on 2D materials are discussed.