bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Recruitment of patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD) for research
Authors: Quint Jennifer K. , Moore Elisabeth , Lewis Adam , Hashmi Maimoona , Sultana Kirin , Wright Mark , Smeeth Liam , Chatzidiakou Lia , Jones Roderic , Beevers Sean , Kolozali Sefki , Kelly Frank , Barratt Benjamin 
Published: June 2018

AbstractDatabases of electronic health records (EHR) are not only a valuable source of data for health research but have also recently been used as a medium through which potential study participants can be screened, located and approached to take part in research. The aim was to assess whether it is feasible and practical to screen, locate and approach patients to take part in research through the Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD). This is a cohort study in primary care. The CPRD anonymised EHR database was searched to screen patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) to take part in a research study. The potential participants were contacted via their General Practitioner (GP) who confirmed their eligibility. Eighty two practices across Greater London were invited to the study. Twenty-six (31.7%) practices consented to participate resulting in a pre-screened list of 988 patients. Of these, 632 (63.7%) were confirmed as eligible following the GP review. Two hundred twenty seven (36%) response forms were received by the study team; 79 (34.8%) responded ‘yes’ (i.e., they wanted to be contacted by the research assistant for more information and to talk about enrolling in the study), and 148 (65.2%) declined participation. This study has shown that it is possible to use EHR databases such as CPRD to screen, locate and recruit participants for research. This method provides access to a cohort of patients while minimising input needed by GPs and allows researchers to examine healthcare usage and disease burden in more detail and in real-life settings.
The Life Skills of Older Americans: Association with Economic, Psychological, Social, and Health Outcomes
Authors: Steptoe Andrew , Jackson Sarah E. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractStudies of children and adolescents indicate that success in life is determined in part by attributes such as conscientiousness, emotional stability and sense of control, independently of childhood socioeconomic status and cognitive ability. Less is known about the role of these characteristics at older ages. This study investigated the relationship of five life skills – conscientiousness, emotional stability, persistence, optimism and sense of control – with a range of outcomes in 8,843 participants (mean age 72.57 years) in the Health and Retirement Study, a representative study of older Americans. More life skills were associated with greater wealth and income, better emotional wellbeing, stronger social relationships, less loneliness, better health, fewer chronic illnesses and impaired activities of daily living, better mobility and less obesity, after controlling for childhood socioeconomic status and current cognitive ability. Longitudinally, more life skills predicted emotional wellbeing, less loneliness and more prosocial behavior, better health and mobility over a 4 year period. Associations were independent of gender, ethnicity, family background, education and cognitive ability. The number of attributes was important rather than any single life skill. Life skills continue to matter at advanced ages, and fostering these characteristics in older adults may pay dividends in terms of later life health and wellbeing.
Insight into the characteristics, removal, and toxicity of effluent organic matter from a pharmaceutical wastewater treatment plant during catalytic ozonation
Authors: Wen Shuhan , Chen Lin , Li Weiqi , Ren Hongqiang , Li Kan , Wu Bing , Hu Haidong , Xu Ke 
Published: June 2018

AbstractChanges in the characteristics, removal efficiency, and toxicity of pharmaceutical effluent organic matter (EfOM) after catalytic ozonation were investigated in this study. After a 90-min treatment with a catalytic ozonation process (COP) in the presence of MnO2 ceramsite, the total organic carbon (TOC), UV254, colority, protein, and humic acid removal rates were 13.24%, 60.83%, 85.42%, 29.36% and 74.19%, respectively. The polysaccharide content increased by 12.73 mg/L during the COP for reaction times between 0 and ~50 min and decreased by 6.97 mg/L between 50 and ~90 min. Furthermore, 64.44% of the total colority was detected in the hydrophobic organic matter (HOM) fraction, and after the COP, and 88.69% of the colority in the HOM was eliminated. Meanwhile, only 59.18% of the colority in the hydrophilic organic matter (HIM) fraction was removed. GC-MS analysis showed that 38 organic pollutant species were completely removed, 8 were partially removed, and 7 were generated. After 90 min of COP treatment, the pharmaceutical EfOM toxicity was effectively reduced based on the higher incubation and lower mortality rates.
Evidence for a volcanic underpinning of the Atlantic multidecadal oscillation
Authors: Birkel Sean D. , Mayewski Paul A. , Maasch Kirk A. , Kurbatov Andrei V. , Lyon Bradfield 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe Atlantic multidecadal oscillation (AMO) is a 60–70 year pattern of sea-surface temperature (SST) variability in the North Atlantic commonly ascribed to internal ocean dynamics and changes in northward heat transport. Recent modeling studies, however, suggest that SSTs fluctuate primarily in response to major volcanic eruptions and changes in atmospheric circulation. Here, we utilize historical SST, atmospheric reanalysis, and stratospheric aerosol optical depth data to examine the basic evidence supporting a volcanic link. We find that cool intervals across the North Atlantic coincide with two distinct episodes of explosive volcanic activity (1880s–1920s and 1960s–1990s), where key eruptions include 1883 Krakatau, 1902 Santa María, 1912 Novarupta, 1963 Agung, 1982 El Chichón, and 1991 Pinatubo. Cool SST patterns develop in association with an increased prevalence of North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO)+ atmospheric patterns caused by stratospheric aerosol loading and a steepened poleward temperature gradient. NAO+ patterns promote wind-driven advection, evaporative cooling, and increased albedo from enhanced Saharan dust transport and anthropogenic aerosols. SSTs across the subpolar gyre are regulated by strength of low pressure near Iceland and the associated wind-driven advection of cold surface water from the Labrador Sea. This is contrary to an interpretation that subpolar SSTs are driven by changes in ocean overturning circulation. We also find that North Pacific and global mean SST declines can be readily associated with the same volcanic triggers that affect the North Atlantic. Thus, external forcing from volcanic aerosols appears to underpin multi-decade SST variability observed in the historical record.
Seamless bathymetry and topography datasets for New South Wales, Australia
Authors: Wilson Kaya M. , Power Hannah E. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThis paper describes three datasets of seamless bathymetry and coastal topography for Sydney Harbour (Port Jackson), Botany and Bate Bays, and the Hawkesbury River. The datasets used to form these compilations were the most recent and highest quality available to the authors and were originally collated using the software ESRI ArcGIS. The original compilation of this data was undertaken to support tsunami modelling research by the authors of this paper. Before processing, all data were adjusted and/or reprojected to conform to the vertical datum Australian Height Datum (AHD) and horizontal projection WGS84 UTM zone 56. Data resolution and density was highly variable and grid resolutions of the final datasets were selected as the highest resolutions possible using the most sparse data in the compilation in question. For areas where no data were available, the ESRI ArcGIS interpolation tool, Topo to Raster, was used to provide a best estimate. These dastasets of three important Australian waterways provide a useful tool for coastal research and scientific interest.
Sustainable data and metadata management at the BD2K-LINCS Data Coordination and Integration Center
Authors: Stathias Vasileios , Koleti Amar , Vidović Dušica , Cooper Daniel J. , Jagodnik Kathleen M. , Terryn Raymond , Forlin Michele , Chung Caty , Torre Denis , Ayad Nagi , Medvedovic Mario , Ma'ayan Avi , Pillai Ajay , Schürer Stephan C. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe NIH-funded LINCS Consortium is creating an extensive reference library of cell-based perturbation response signatures and sophisticated informatics tools incorporating a large number of perturbagens, model systems, and assays. To date, more than 350 datasets have been generated including transcriptomics, proteomics, epigenomics, cell phenotype and competitive binding profiling assays. The large volume and variety of data necessitate rigorous data standards and effective data management including modular data processing pipelines and end-user interfaces to facilitate accurate and reliable data exchange, curation, validation, standardization, aggregation, integration, and end user access. Deep metadata annotations and the use of qualified data standards enable integration with many external resources. Here we describe the end-to-end data processing and management at the DCIC to generate a high-quality and persistent product. Our data management and stewardship solutions enable a functioning Consortium and make LINCS a valuable scientific resource that aligns with big data initiatives such as the BD2K NIH Program and concords with emerging data science best practices including the findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable (FAIR) principles.
Graphite carbon coated TiN nanoparticles as high durable oxygen reduction reaction catalyst in alkaline electrolyte
Authors: Liang Ce , Tao Nian , Wang Bowen , Lin Sen , Lei Ming 
Published: June 2018

The novel composite structure of TiN nanoparticles enclosed by graphite carbon coating (TiN/C) has been successfully prepared through a facile one‐step solid state method under N2 atmosphere using the TiO2 powder and melamine as raw materials. TiN nanoparticles with size ranging from 12 to 15 nm are covered by filmy graphite carbon layer, and their electrocatalytic properties towards oxygen reduction are further investigated. Benefiting from the surface chemical bonding of oxide and oxynitride components, TiN/C nanocomposite exhibit a considerable catalytic activity. The current density of TiN/C nanocomposite (4.65 mA cm−2 at 0.2 V) is comparable to that of commercial Pt/C catalyst, in spite of a little more negative gap in onset potential. Moreover, the TiN/C nanocomposite has excellent long time durability and methanol tolerant performance with the protection of graphite carbon coating.
Fachbibliotheken und Literaturdatenbanken als Quellen der Evidenz in der Integrativen Medizin
Authors: Raak Christa , Ostermann Thomas 
Published: June 2018

ZusammenfassungTrotz einer wachsenden Zahl wissenschaftlicher Publikationen im Bereich der Integrativen Onkologie ist es immer noch schwierig, einen Überblick über die publizierte Evidenz zu erhalten. Fachbibliotheken und Literaturdatenbanken können dabei als Quellen zur Evidenzbasierung herangezogen werden. Dieser Artikel zeigt nach einer Einleitung in das Thema die Möglichkeiten auf, die CAMbase und Arthedata bieten, zwei online verfügbare Literaturdatenbanken für Therapeuten, Ärzte und Wissenschaftler. Sie sind kostenlos und ohne Registrierung nutzbar.
Diabetes mellitus vor und nach Nierentransplantation
Authors: Guthoff Martina 
Published: June 2018

ZusammenfassungDer Diabetes mellitus stellt heutzutage die häufigste Ursache für eine terminale Niereninsuffizienz dar. Ein manifester Diabetes limitiert für die Patienten oft
den Zugang zur Transplantation als bestem Nierenersatzverfahren und ist für die Prognose nach erfolgreicher Transplantation weiter entscheidend. Ein Diabetes
nach Transplantation (PTDM) hat ebenfalls erhebliche prognostische Implikationen für das Patienten- und Transplantatüberleben. Nach Transplantation weisen mehr
als 50 % der Patienten einen gestörten Glukosestoffwechsel auf. Präventive Strategien sind daher unabdingbar und umfassen alle Phasen der Transplantation. Sie
lassen sich aus den bekannten Risikofaktoren ableiten und beinhalten insbesondere die strukturierte Lebensstilintervention sowie Maßnahmen zur
β-Zell-Protektion. Konsequentes Screening und frühzeitiges Eingreifen sind für die Patienten nach Nierentransplantation von entscheidender Bedeutung, um sowohl
das Patienten- als auch das Transplantatüberleben langfristig zu verbessern.
Synergistic Anti-proliferative Effects of Metformin and Silibinin Combination on T47D Breast Cancer Cells via hTERT and Cyclin D1 Inhibition
Authors: Chatran Mina , Pilehvar-Soltanahmadi Younes , Dadashpour Mehdi , Faramarzi Leila , Rasouli Sara , Jafari-Gharabaghlou Davoud , Asbaghi Navid , Zarghami Nosratollah 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Background There is a growing body of data that chemotherapeutic combination strategies would be more effective in reducing drug toxicity, inhibiting tumor progression in comparison to either drug alone.
Objective To explore a chemopreventive strategy for improving breast cancer treatment efficacy, the anticancer effects of a combination of Metformin (MET) and Silibinin (SIL) were investigated in T47D breast cancer cells.
Materials and Methods Cytotoxicity of the drugs individually and in combination was evaluated using MTT assay. The precise nature of the interaction between MET and SIL was further analyzed through the median-effect method. In addition, qRT-PCR was applied to determine the expression levels of hTERT and cyclin D1 genes after 48 h drug exposure.
Results MTT assays showed that MET and SIL individually inhibited the cell viability in a dose and time-dependent manner, and the obtained combination indices (CIs) were<1 for all the combination treatments, indicating that the anticancer agents synergistically induced growth inhibition in the breast cancer cells. qPCR findings revealed that the drug combination also synergistically down-regulated the expression levels of hTERT and cyclin D1 at all used concentrations compared with the drugs used alone after 48 h treatment (P≤0.05).
Conclusion The results provide evidence that synergistic antiproliferative effects of MET and SIL, linking to the down-regulation of Cyclin D1 and hTERT genes, and propose that MET+SIL may have therapeutic value in breast cancer therapy.
Perfluorinated Ammonium and Phosphonium Ionic Liquids
Authors: Christoffers Jens , Alpers Torben , Muesmann Thomas , Temme Oliver 
Published: June 2018

Ammonium and phosphonium ionic liquids with perfluorinated side chains were prepared as hybrid materials for surface impregnation. Melting points of the triflimide salts range up to 95 °C. The key feature of this investigation are relatively short perfluorohexyl residues as the fluorinated part of the cations, making the target compounds beneficial alternatives to established products because of their enhanced degradability and therefore lower bioaccumulativity. In the ammonium series, pyrrolidinium, piperidinium, morpholinium triflimides as well as the dication derived from DABCO were prepared. Mono-phosphonium triflimides were obtained from triphenyl- and diphenylphosphane. Diphosphonium bistriflimides were obtained from bis(diphenylphosphano)alkanes, Ph2P(CH2)nPPh2 with n = 2–5. As alkylating reagents, n-C6F13CH2CH2OTf and n-C6F13CH2CH2I were applied.
Hemostasis and Thrombosis in the Oldest Old
Authors: Hoffman Ron , Monreal Manuel , Tzoran Inna 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThere is a growing proportion of the elderly population in the Western world, and these individuals require special considerations regarding a broad variety of aspects, including treatment approaches to illnesses that affect all age groups. The hemostatic system in individuals changes considerably with aging. Specifically, changes in levels of procoagulant and natural anticoagulant factors along with thrombopathy simultaneously create a hypercoagulable state and hemostatic difficulties. Underlying morbidities, such as congestive heart failure, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, diabetes mellitus, and cancer, increase the risk for venous and arterial thrombosis. This population is also increasingly affected by acquired bleeding disorders, including acquired hemophilia and acquired von Willebrand syndrome, as well as mild congenital bleeding disorders. Real-life data demonstrate that recurrent and fatal venous thromboembolism is the major hemostatic concern in the elderly. The fact that treatment of thrombotic complications increases the bleeding risk also has to be taken into consideration, particularly in the older age group. This remains true in the era of direct oral anticoagulants. In conclusion, maintaining a delicate balance between thrombosis and bleeding risks is the key issue in providing qualified treatment to elderly patients.
Prognostische Relevanz der Selbstwirksamkeitserwartung von Frauen mit Brustkrebs im Frühstadium: Ein biopsychosoziales Mediatormodell
Authors: Nagel Gerd , Schreiber Delia , Marschner Norbert 
Published: June 2018

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Viele Patientinnen mit frühem Mammakarzinom glauben an eine prognostische Relevanz eigener Initiativen zur Krankheitsbewältigung (Kontrollüberzeugung, Selbstwirksamkeitserwartung SWE). Zur Frage des Zusammenhangs zwischen der Ausprägung der SWE und ihres möglichen Einflusses auf objektive Outcome-Parameter von Brustkrebs gibt es jedoch noch keine prospektiven klinischen Studien.
Fragestellung, Ziel Wie kann man sich die Wirkmechanismen der SWE als Prognosefaktor bei Brustkrebs vorstellen? Entwurf eines entsprechenden biopsychosozialen Mediatormodells.
Methodik Literatur-Review zum prognostischen Einfluss von psychosozialen und Wirtsfaktoren beim frühen Mammakarzinom. Quervergleich existierender Mediatormodelle.
Ergebnisse Auf der Basis neuerer psychoonkologischer, neurophysiologischer, immunologischer, molekularbiologischer und epigenetischer Erkenntnisse lässt sich eine geschlossene Kaskade der Ereignisse, angefangen von Verhaltensänderungen der Patientinnen bis hin zur Wachstumsregulation maligner Zellen bei Brustkrebs postulieren.
Diskussion SWE ist möglicherweise der beste Indikator einer psychobiologischen Konstellation, die sich günstig auf den Verlauf von Brustkrebs auswirken kann. Diese Annahme sollte im Rahmen klinischer Studien überprüft werden. Die entsprechenden wissenschaftlichen Voraussetzungen für solche Studien sind heute gegeben.
Analyzing gender inequality through large-scale Facebook advertising data
Authors: Garcia David , Mitike Kassa Yonas , Cuevas Angel , Cebrian Manuel , Moro Esteban , Rahwan Iyad , Cuevas Ruben 
Published: June 2018

SignificanceWe present the Facebook Gender Divide, an inexpensive, real-time instrument for measuring gender differences in Facebook access and activity in 217 countries. The Facebook Gender Divide captures standard indicators of Internet penetration and gender equality indices in education, health, and economic opportunity. We find that the tendency of countries to approach economic gender equality is negatively associated with a high Facebook Gender Divide. Our results suggest that online social networks, while suffering gender imbalance, may lower information access barriers for women and narrow the economic gender gap.
Thinking about the body as subject
Authors: Morgan Daniel 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe notion of immunity to error through misidentification (IEM) has played a central role in discussions of first-person thought. It seems like a way of making precise the idea of thinking about oneself ‘as subject’. Asking whether bodily first-person judgments (e.g. ‘My legs are crossed’) can be IEM is a way of asking whether one can think about oneself simultaneously as a subject and as a bodily thing. The majority view is that one cannot. I rebut that view, arguing that on all the notions of IEM that have so far been successfully defined, bodily first-person judgments can be IEM.
SCIP: a single-cell image processor toolbox
Authors: Martins Leonardo , Neeli-Venkata Ramakanth , Oliveira Samuel M D , Häkkinen Antti , Ribeiro Andre S , Fonseca José M 
Published: June 2018

Abstract

Summary
Each cell is a phenotypically unique individual that is influenced by internal and external processes, operating in parallel. To characterize the dynamics of cellular processes one needs to observe many individual cells from multiple points of view and over time, so as to identify commonalities and variability. With this aim, we engineered a software, ‘SCIP’, to analyze multi-modal, multi-process, time-lapse microscopy morphological and functional images. SCIP is capable of automatic and/or manually corrected segmentation of cells and lineages, automatic alignment of different microscopy channels, as well as detect, count and characterize fluorescent spots (such as RNA tagged by MS2-GFP), nucleoids, Z rings, Min system, inclusion bodies, undefined structures, etc. The results can be exported into *mat files and all results can be jointly analyzed, to allow studying not only each feature and process individually, but also find potential relationships. While we exemplify its use on Escherichia coli, many of its functionalities are expected to be of use in analyzing other prokaryotes and eukaryotic cells as well. We expect SCIP to facilitate the finding of relationships between cellular processes, from small-scale (e.g. gene expression) to large-scale (e.g. cell division), in single cells and cell lineages.

Availability and implementation
http://www.ca3-uninova.org/project_scip

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Application of net reclassification index to non-nested and point-based risk prediction models: a review
Authors: Thomas Laine E , O’Brien Emily C , Piccini Jonathan P , D’Agostino Ralph B , Pencina Michael J 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Much of medical risk prediction involves externally derived prediction equations, nomograms, and point-based risk scores. These settings are vulnerable to misleading findings of incremental value based on versions of the net reclassification index (NRI) in common use. By applying non-nested models and point-based risk scores in the setting of stroke risk prediction in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF), we demonstrate current recommendations for presentation and interpretation of the NRI. We emphasize pitfalls that are likely to occur with point-based risk scores that are easy to neglect when statistical methodology is focused on continuous models. In order to make appropriate decisions about risk prediction and personalized medicine, physicians, researchers, and policy makers need to understand the strengths and limitations of the NRI.