bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rapid and high efficiency transformation of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii by square-wave electroporation
Authors: Wang Liang , Yang Lijing , Wen Xin , Chen Zhuoya , Liang Qiaoying , Li Jialing , Wang Wen 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, the unicellular green algae, is the model organism for studies in various physiological processes and for bioindustrial applications. To explore the molecular mechanisms underlying physiological processes or to establish engineered cell lines, the exogenous DNA needs to be integrated into the genome for the insertional mutagenesis or transgene expression. However, the amount of selected marker DNA is not seriously considered in the existing electroporation methods for mutants library construction. Here, we reported a rapid-and-high-efficiency transformation technique for cell-walled strains using square-wave electroporation system. The final yield with this electroporation method was 2–6 × 103 transformants per μg exogenous DNA for cell-walled strains in a strain-dependent manner. In general, this electroporation technique was the easy and applicable way to build a mutant library for screening phenotypes of interest.
Parent-Implemented Communication Treatment for Infants and Toddlers With Hearing Loss: A Randomized Pilot Trial
Authors: Roberts Megan Y. 
Published: December 2018

Purpose
Despite advances in cochlear implant and hearing aid technology, many children with hearing loss continue to exhibit poorer language skills than their hearing peers. This randomized pilot trial tested the effects of a parent-implemented communication treatment targeting prelinguistic communication skills in infants and toddlers with hearing loss.

Method
Participants included 19 children between 6 and 24 months of age with moderate to profound, bilateral hearing loss. Children were randomly assigned to the parent-implemented communication treatment group or a “usual care” control group. Parents and children participated in 26, hour-long home sessions in which parents were taught to use communication support strategies. The primary outcome measures were the Communication and Symbolic Behavior Scales (Wetherby & Prizant, 2003), a measure of child prelinguistic skills, and parental use of communication support strategies during a naturalistic play session.

Results

Parents in the treatment group increased their use of communication support strategies by 17%. Children in the treatment group made statistically significant more gains in speech prelinguistic skills (
d =
1.09,
p =
.03) as compared with the control group. There were no statistically significant differences in social and symbolic prelinguistic skills; however, the effect sizes were large (
d =
0.78,
p =
.08;
d =
0.91,
p =
.10).

Conclusions
This study provides modest preliminary support for the short-term effects of a parent-implemented communication treatment for children with hearing loss. Parents learned communication support strategies that subsequently impacted child prelinguistic skills. Although these results appear promising, the sample size is very small. Future research should include a larger clinical trial and child-level predictors of response to treatment.
Endoscopic treatment of esophageal fistulas after esophagectomy with injection of an alpha-cyanoacrylate monomer: a phase II study
Authors: Ojima Toshiyasu , Nakamura Masaki , Nakamori Mikihito , Katsuda Masahiro , Hayata Keiji , Tsuji Toshiaki , Maruoka Shimpei , Yamaue Hiroki 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Background and study aims Interventional endoscopic treatments including the application of glue are becoming more frequently used for the treatment of esophageal fistulas. However, there are no prospective studies of endoscopic treatment for esophageal fistulas. This prospective study aims to investigate the efficacy and safety of endoscopic injection of alpha-cyanoacrylate monomer for intractable esophageal fistulas.
Patients and methods This single-center prospective phase II trial included patients with more than 1 wk of conservative medical treatment for intractable esophageal fistulas after esophagectomy. In the image-guided therapy suite, a mixture of alpha-cyanoacrylate monomer and oily contrast agent in a ratio of 0.3 to 1.7 mL was endoscopically injected through the fistula.
Results Twenty-five patients who underwent esophagectomy at Wakayama Medical University Hospital were enrolled in this study. The primary disease was esophageal cancer in 16 patients (64 %) and gastric cancer in the remaining 9 patients (36 %). Complete closure of the esophageal fistula was performed in 22 patients after endoscopic injection of alpha-cyanoacrylate monomer. The overall success rate was 88 %. There was no fistula recurrence in any successful closure cases. Three patients with failed esophageal fistula closure had esophageal cancer with cervical esophageal fistulas and required reoperation of the fistulectomy under general anesthesia. No complications associated with this endoscopic treatment were detected.
Conclusions Endoscopic treatment with injection of alpha-cyanoacrylate monomer facilitated healing of post-esophagectomy fistula in 88 % of patients without complications. This suggests that the treatment is effective and safe for patients with esophageal fistulas.
Language bias and proficiency effects on cross-language activation
Authors: Martínez García María Teresa 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Recent research proposes that language bias and proficiency modulate cross-language activation in comprehension and production, but it is unclear how they operate and whether they interact. This study investigates whether stress differences between Spanish-English cognates (material, final-syllable stress in Spanish) affect how native-English second-language-Spanish bilinguals recognize Spanish words (materia “subject/matter,” second-syllable stress in Spanish). In a Spanish-English eye-tracking experiment (and parallel production task), participants heard/produced trisyllabic Spanish targets with second-syllable stress (materia) and saw four orthographic words, including the target and a Spanish-English cognate competitor. Cross-language activation was examined by manipulating the stress of the cognate in English. In comprehension, English cognates with the same stress as the Spanish target (materia vs material) were predicted to cause more cross-language interference than English cognates with a different stress (litera “bunk bed,” vs literal), but the reverse pattern was expected in production. Participants were assigned to a Spanish-bias condition (20% of English (filler) items), or an English-bias condition (65% of English (filler) items). Results indicate that English cognates with the same stress as the Spanish target interfered with the recognition of the Spanish target only in the English-bias condition (but facilitated its production), while increasing Spanish proficiency helped reduce this cross-linguistic interference.
Confusion, contradiction and exclusion: the promotion of British values in the teaching of history in schools
Authors: Mansfield Andrew 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThis article discusses the challenges faced teaching the promotion of ‘British values’, especially for trainee teachers. The advancement of these ‘British values’ as set out by the Department for Education is confusing, contradictory, and appear to exclude a sizeable minority of pupils of minority backgrounds from the current historical narrative of Britain as delineated by the National Curriculum (2013). Moreover, there is little advice for new teachers on what these ‘values’ really mean or how they should be taught within schools, despite forming part of the standards required to achieve QTS. The author not only examines this confusion but provides the perspective of a former academic who has moved into secondary teaching, and their reaction to the teaching of History in schools and concerns regarding the History Curriculum.
Final report on the force key comparison CCM.F-K3
Authors: Kumme Rolf , Averlant Philippe , Bartel Tom , Germak Alessandro , Knott Andy , Man John , Medina Nieves , Ostrivnoy Alexander , Park You-Kyu , Röske Dirk , Seifarth Rick L. , Wozniak Mikolaj , Ueda Kazunaga , Zhimin Zhang 
Published: December 2018

In the Force Key Comparison CCM.F-K3 the measurand force was compared at the two force steps 500 kN and 1 MN. 12 laboratories participated in this comparison which was organised by PTB as the pilot laboratory in two laboratory groups (group A and B). In group A, the comparison was carried out with two 1 MN compression force transducers at the two force steps 500 kN and 1 MN (CCM.F-K3a) and with 6 participating laboratories. In group B, the comparison was carried out with two 500 kN compression force transducers at one force step of 500 kN (CCM.F-K3b) and with 9 participating laboratories. The key comparison reference values were determined as the weighted mean of all results for the two force steps and set to 500 kN and 1 MN, respectively, with the associated uncertainties. The degrees of equivalence were determined for all 12 laboratories for 500 kN compression force and for 6 laboratories for 1 MN compression force.
KEY WORDS FOR SEARCH
Force Key Comparison, high force, 500 kN, 1 MN

Main text

To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database kcdb.bipm.org/.
The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCM, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
Assay of potassium hydrogen phthalate (CCQM-K34.2016)
Authors: Liandi MA , Bing WU , Ortiz-Aparicio José Luis , Manzano Judith Velina Lara , Kozlowski Wladyslaw , Dumańska Joanna , Pawlina Monika , Pietrzak Anna , Forero s Mauricio Castillo , Quesada Henry Torres , Andrés España Sánchez Carlos , Amaya Ronald Cristancho , Bohórquez s Felipe Peralta , Sobral Sidney Pereira , Borges Paulo Paschoal , Hatamleh Nadia , Puelles Mabel , Iglesias Ana , Lozano n , Jo Kyungmin , Hwang Euijin , Waters Jason F , Asakai Toshiaki , Mariassy Michal , Shimolin Alexandr , Sobina Alena , Prokunin Sergey , Morozov Ivan V , Dobrovolskiy Vladimir I , Aprelev Alexey V 
Published: December 2018

The CCQM-K34.2016 key comparison for determination of the purity of potassium hydrogen phthalate was organized jointly by the inorganic analysis and electrochemical analysis working groups of CCQM to repeat CCQM-K34 for supporting CMC claims of participating metrology institutes in assaying the amount content of monoprotic weak acid. National Institute of Metrology P.R.China (NIM) acted as the coordinating laboratory of this comparison. Twelve NMIs participated in this key comparison. With the exception of one laboratory that used NaOH-titration, all participants used coulometry. In general a good overlap of results was observed, the suitability of coulometry for assay of high purity materials was demonstrated again, and some possible technical problems were highlighted.
The comparison tested the capabilities and methods used for assay of high purity materials. Good result indicates good performance in assaying the purity (amount content) of solid weak acids.
KEY WORDS FOR SEARCH
CCQM-K34.2016; potassium hydrogen phthalate; coulometry

Main text

To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database kcdb.bipm.org/.
The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCQM, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
A robust and high-precision automatic reading algorithm of pointer meters based on machine vision
Authors: Ma Yifan , Jiang Qi 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Automatic reading of pointer meters is of great significance to meter verification and industrial inspection robots. Many automatic reading algorithms of pointer meters based on machine vision have been proposed. However, the pointer shadow problem has not been effectively solved, which hinders the automatic reading of inspection robots in complex lighting environments. Also, pointer line recognition is easily influenced by the images around the pointer. With the aim of addressing these problems, this paper proposes a robust and high-precision pointer meter automatic reading algorithm. In meter center recognition using a round-degree method, this paper uses the eight chain code shape to represent the pixel image shape to prevent abnormal calculation of the round-degree. A novel binarization threshold determination method based on the symmetry degree is proposed to segment the pointer region, which effectively solves the pointer shadow problem. In addition, for pointer recognition, this paper proposes an improved random sample consensus (RANSAC) algorithm to overcome background image interference. The experimental results prove that the algorithm effectively removes pointer shadows and that the reading precision is high.
Corrigendum to “Notes on interpolation in the generalized Schur class. II. Nudel’man’s problem”
Authors: Alpay D. , Dijksma A. , Rovnyak J. 
Published: December 2018

This note identifies errors in the joint paper [Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 355 (2003), 813–836] by the authors and T. Constantinescu. The Main Theorem requires a stronger hypothesis. The applications to interpolation problems are affected by this change; some survive, but others do not and are withdrawn.
Reflective blindness, depression and unpleasant experiences
Authors: Ventham Elizabeth 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThis paper defends a ‘Desire Account’ of unpleasant experiences. That is, it defends the claim that what makes an experience unpleasant is the subject non-derivatively desiring for that experience to stop. It defends the account by addressing one of its most prominent counterexamples: subjects who experience depression. A proper understanding of depression and its symptoms reveals two important mistakes that philosophers make about it. The first mistake is that depressed subjects need always have a low mood, the second is a conflation of two of depression’s most paradigmatic symptoms: depressed mood and anhedonia. This paper corrects these mistakes, and does so in a way that both demonstrates support for the Desire Account and teaches us lessons more generally about the way we treat the example of depression in meta-ethics.
The promise of collective impact partnerships
Authors: Mayan Maria , Pauchulo Ana Laura , Gillespie Dianne , Misita Dragana , Mejia Teresa 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe research question guiding this inquiry was, ‘From the perspective of collective impact (CI) practitioners, what makes CI a promising approach to partnership work for systemic social change?’ The researchers sought to answer this question through interviews with participants involved in CI partnerships in North America, Europe and Australia. Content analysis of the interview transcripts revealed that CI is defined as a model, a framework or a tool for partnership work and that its promise, as well as challenges, lie in its inherent demand for relationships between ‘unlikely partners’, its call to establish equitable practices in relationship building and its goal to foster systemic change through collective responsibility. The researchers recommend that future research focus on determining whether this approach surpasses theoretical significance and is a successful approach to partnership work.
Birth Cohort Studies Assessing Norovirus Infection and Immunity in Young Children: A Review
Authors: Cannon Jennifer L , Lopman Benjamin A , Payne Daniel C , Vinjé Jan 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Globally, noroviruses are among the foremost causes of acute diarrheal disease, yet there are many unanswered questions on norovirus immunity, particularly following natural infection in young children during the first 2 years of life when the disease burden is highest. We conducted a literature review on birth cohort studies assessing norovirus infections in children from birth to early childhood. Data on infection, immunity, and risk factors are summarized from 10 community-based birth cohort studies conducted in low- and middle-income countries. Up to 90% of children experienced atleast one norovirus infection and up to 70% experienced norovirus-associated diarrhea, most often affecting children 6 months of age and older. Data from these studies help to fill critical knowledge gaps for vaccine development, yet study design and methodological differences limit comparison between studies, particularly for immunity and risk factors for disease. Considerations for conducting future birth cohort studies on norovirus are discussed.
The financialisation–offshoring nexus and the capital accumulation of US non-financial firms
Authors: Auvray Tristan , Rabinovich Joel 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
The financialisation of non-financial corporations has drawn the attention of many scholars who have identified two main channels through which financialisation occurs: a higher proportion of financial assets compared to non-financial ones and a higher amount of resources diverted to financial markets. A consequence of this process is a decrease in investment. Parallel to financialisation, many non-financial corporations have also engaged in an internationalisation of their productive activities, organising them under global value chains. Though offshoring may also explain the decrease in the level of investment of non-financial firms, the intersections between the literature on financialisation and the literature on global value chain remain surprisingly underdeveloped. This paper contributes to fill this gap using panel regressions for US non-financial corporations between 1995 and 2011. We find evidence that both offshoring and financialisation are determinants to the decrease in investment and that financialisation occurs mainly among firms belonging to sectors prone to offshoring.
Accountability for Governance Choices in Artificial Intelligence: Afterword to Eyal Benvenisti’s Foreword
Authors: McGregor Lorna 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
A growing body of literature examines how to make the use of new and emerging technologies more transparent and explainable as a means to ensure accountability for harm to human rights. While a critical part of accountability, a predominant focus on the technology can result in the design and adaptation of accountability principles to ‘manage’ the technology instead of starting from an assessment of the governance choices actors make when integrating new and emerging technologies into their mandates. Recognition of the governance choices underpinning the introduction of new and emerging technologies is often overlooked in scholarship and practice. Yet, without explicit recognition of the role played by technology in governance, the disruptive effects of technology on (global) governance may be underplayed or even ignored. In this response, I argue that if the ‘culture of accountability’ is to adapt to the challenges posed by new and emerging technologies, the focus cannot only be technology-led. It must also be interrogative of the governance choices that are made within organizations, particularly those vested with public functions at the international and national level.
Cantor Julia sets with Hausdorff dimension two
Authors: Yang Fei 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
We prove the existence of Cantor Julia sets with Hausdorff dimension two. In particular, such examples can be found in cubic polynomials. The proof is based on the characterization of the parameter spaces and dynamical planes of cubic polynomials by Branner–Hubbard and the parabolic bifurcation theory developed by Shishikura in the 1990s.
The Calc-Alkaline Hidden Bay and Kagalaska Plutons and the Construction of the Central Aleutian Oceanic Arc Crust
Authors: Kay Suzanne Mahlburg , Jicha Brian R , Citron Gary L , Kay Robert W , Tibbetts Ashley K , Rivera Tiffany A 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Calc-alkaline plutons are the major crustal building blocks of continental margins, but are rarely exposed in oceanic island arcs. Two of the best examples are the ∼10 km wide Hidden Bay and Kagalaska plutons that intrude Eocene mafic volcanic–sedimentary rocks on Adak and Kagalaska islands in the central Aleutian arc. Twenty new Ar/Ar and U/Pb ages, coupled with published ages, show that the Hidden Bay pluton was intruded in multiple stages from ∼34·6 to 30·9 Ma, whereas the Kagalaska pluton was intruded at ∼14 Ma. The plutons largely consist of medium- to high-K2O hornblende-bearing cumulate diorite (53–55 wt % SiO2) and hornblende–biotite granodiorite (57–64 wt %), with lesser amounts of gabbro (50–52 wt % SiO2), leucogranodiorite (67–69 wt % SiO2) and aplite (76–77 wt % SiO2) that can generally be linked to each other by crystal fractionation. The compositions of these plutons are generally similar to those of continental plutons, except for more oceanic-like large ion lithophile element and isotopic signatures (87Sr/86Sr = 0·703–0·7033; ɛNd = 9·4–7·7) that reflect oceanic- rather than continental-type crustal contaminants. Chemical similarities between the Hidden Bay homogeneous gabbros and high-Al basalts in Adak Pleistocene-Holocene volcanoes indicate little temporal evolution in the general character of the mantle-derived basalts. Rather than a unique arc setting and distinctive magmas, formation of the Aleutian calc-alkaline plutons seems to require a sufficient crustal thickness (∼37 km) and a high enough water content to stabilize pargasitic hornblende amphibole in a relatively closed magma system that favors increasing K, Ti and H2O at the end of a magmatic cycle. This termination of magmatism coincides with a northward migration of the magmatic front that is inferred to be associated with fore-arc subduction erosion. In accord with Adak region crustal architecture based on seismic data, crystallization models for the plutons suggest that mantle-generated hydrous arc basalts fractionated olivine and clinopyroxene in the lower crust to form high-Al basaltic composition magmas that rose into the mid-crust, where gabbro and diorite crystallized to form the magmas that buoyantly rose into the upper crust and crystallized to form the volumetrically dominant granodiorite (58–63 wt % SiO2). The most important temporal changes in chemistry can be explained by fore-arc crust incorporated into the mantle wedge by fore-arc subduction erosion creating ‘adakitic’ signatures at times of northward arc migration and a change to a more continental subducted sediment component at the time of Plio-Pleistocene glaciation.
Minors’ Contracts: A Major Problem with the Indian Contract Act, 1872
Authors: Swaminathan Shivprasad , Surana Ragini 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Section 10 of the Indian Contract Act, 1872 stipulates that all agreements made with the ‘free consent’ of parties who are ‘competent’ to contract are enforceable as contracts. Section 11 declares that minors are not competent to contract. While the Act goes on to specifically set out the consequences of vitiated ‘consent’ in sections 19, 19A, and 20, it omits spelling out the consequences of contracting with a minor. Nevertheless, a decision of the Privy Council, Mohori Bibee v. Dharmodas Ghose (1903) read the Act as having given a definitive answer to this question and took the view that minors’ contracts were void ab initio (not voidable or void) which meant that neither party could enforce it, nor could they seek to be restituted to their original positions under provisions stipulating restitution in the case of either voidable (section 64) or void (section 65) contracts. Indian courts have since invoked Mohori Bibee in bloodless abstraction, as if it were an unquestionable axiom of Indian contract law. This article argues that the Privy Council’s reading of the Act in Mohori Bibee is problematic, and its invention of the category of contracts void ab initio is unsupported by the Act.