bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A novel lncRNA‐mediated trans‐regulatory mechanism in the development of cleft palate in mouse
Authors: Shu Xuan , Shu Shenyou , Cheng Hongqiu 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBackgroundIncreasing evidence indicates that long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play crucial regulatory roles in epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT). However, the regulatory mechanisms during EMT of the medial edge epithelium (MEE) remain elusive. The aim of this work is to reveal a novel lncRNA‐regulated dysfunction of EMT involved in the development of cleft palate (CP).MethodsC57BL/6 J mice at embryonic gestation day 14.5 (n = 6, 3 case samples vs. 3 control samples) were used to establish the CP model for lncRNA–mRNA co‐expression profile analysis after high‐throughput sequencing. Functional predictions for the differentially expressed lncRNA–mRNA co‐expression with transcription factor (TF)‐target gene relationship Gene Ontology/Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway (GO/KEGG) analyses identified the regulatory “lncRNA–TF‐target gene” trans model.ResultsA total of 583 differentially expressed lncRNAs and 703 differentially expressed mRNAs were identified. The results of trans analysis revealed that some TFs (LEF1, SMAD4, and FOXD3) regulate lncRNAs and gene expression. Finally, we identified the NONMMUT034790.2‐LEF1‐SMAD7 co‐expression trans‐regulatory network that might be associated with CP.ConclusionsOur results revealed that NONMMUT034790.2 might be a novel epigenetic biomarker in CP. The integration of lncRNA modulators into trans‐regulatory networks will further enhance our understanding of lncRNA functions and regulatory mechanisms during palatal fusion in ATRA‐induced mouse CP.
A high‐selectivity dual‐polarization filtering antenna with metamaterial for 5G application
Authors: Ma Shaobo , Zhai Huiqing , Wei Zichun , Zhou Xiangyu , Zheng Licheng , Li Jiaxu 
Published: December 2018

AbstractA high‐selectivity dual‐polarization filtering antenna with metamaterial is presented in this letter. The multilayer coupled radiation structure of the antenna determines a filtering function. With the metamaterial layer designed above the antenna, a sharp roll‐off rate at high pass band edge and a better out‐of‐band rejection occurs, thus a better high selective filtering characteristic can be achieved. Simulating and measuring the antenna, the impedance bandwidth (VSWR <2) of the antenna is from 3.25 GHz to 3.85 GHz; meanwhile, the maximum gain can reach 9dBi. The gain of antenna can quickly decrease 43dBi at the high pass band edge from 3.85 GHz to 4.05 GHz and the antenna has an out‐of‐band rejection level of 27dBi from 4.05 GHz to 5 GHz. The tested results verify our designs and the antenna could be a good candidate for the 5G anti‐interference wireless terminal communication system.
High‐Performance Photoinduced Memory with Ultrafast Charge Transfer Based on MoS2/SWCNTs Network Van Der Waals Heterostructure
Authors: Yang Zhenyu , Hong Hao , Liu Fang , Liu Yuan , Su Meng , Huang Hao , Liu Kaihui , Liang Xuelei , Yu Woo Jong , Vu Quoc An , Liu Xingqiang , Liao Lei 
Published: December 2018

AbstractPhotoinduced memory devices with fast program/erase operations are crucial for modern communication technology, especially for high‐throughput data storage and transfer. Although some photoinduced memories based on 2D materials have already demonstrated desirable performance, the program/erase speed is still limited to hundreds of micro‐seconds. A high‐speed photoinduced memory based on MoS2/single‐walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) network mixed‐dimensional van der Waals heterostructure is demonstrated here. An intrinsic ultrafast charge transfer occurs at the heterostructure interface between MoS2 and SWCNTs (below 50 fs), therefore enabling a record program/erase speed of ≈32/0.4 ms, which is faster than that of the previous reports. Furthermore, benefiting from the unique device structure and material properties, while achieving high‐speed program/erase operation, the device can simultaneously obtain high program/erase ratio (≈106), appropriate storage time (≈103 s), record‐breaking detectivity (≈1016 Jones) and multibit storage capacity with a simple program/erase operation. It even has a potential application as a flexible optoelectronic device. Therefore, the designed concept here opens an avenue for high‐throughput fast data communications.
Symmetry crossover protecting chirality in Dirac spectra
Authors: Kanazawa Takuya , Kieburg Mario 
Published: December 2018

AbstractWe consider a random matrix model in the hard edge limit (local spectral statistics at the origin in the limit of large matrix size) which interpolates between the Gaussian unitary ensemble (GUE) and the chiral Gaussian unitary ensemble (chGUE). We show that this model is equivalent to the low-energy limit of certain QCD-like theories in the epsilon-regime. Moreover, we present a detailed derivation of the microscopic level density as well as the partially quenched and unquenched partition functions. Some of these results have been announced in a former letter by us. Our derivation relies on the supersymmetry method and is performed here step by step. Additionally, we compute the chiral condensate and the pion condensate for the quenched as well as unquenched settings. We also investigate the limits to GUE and chGUE and confirm our conjecture that the non-uniformity of the GUE limit would carry over to the hard edge limit.
Enhancement of Mesopelagic Sinking Particle Fluxes Due to Upwelling, Aerosol Deposition, and Monsoonal Influences in the Northwestern South China Sea
Authors: Zhang Jingjing , Li Hongliang , Xuan Jiliang , Wu Zezhou , Yang Zhi , Wiesner Martin G. , Chen Jianfang 
Published: December 2018

AbstractTime series data from a sediment trap at approximately 1,000‐m depth in the northwestern South China Sea, July 2012 to April 2013, were used in combination with remote sensing and shipboard physical and biogeochemical data to quantify the effects of multiscale physical processes on sinking particle fluxes and the function of the local biological carbon pump. Total mass flux and the fluxes of its primary components—particulate organic carbon, calcium carbonate, opal, and lithogenic matter—exhibited similar temporal trends, with three conspicuous high‐flux events. These events occurred in the summer, autumn, and winter, attributable to upwelling, aerosol deposition, and the northeast monsoon, respectively. Together, these events accounted for only 40% of the total time but approximately 80% of the 10‐month total mass flux (21% during the upwelling event, 23% during the aerosol event, and 36% during the northeast monsoon event). Each event contributed its own unique biogeochemical overprint. For example, Calcareous phytoplankton benefited from both the upwelling and aerosol deposition events, but siliceous phytoplankton benefited more than calcifiers during the upwelling conditions. The biogenic sinking particles were primarily marine authigenic, while the lithogenic matter was mainly resuspended sediment from the neighboring slope. The high flux of lithogenic matter was due to scavenging by sinking organic matter and the ballasting effect, especially during the high‐flux periods. This study illustrates that episodic intraseasonal physical processes are as important as the most common major seasonal event—the northeast monsoon—in modulating the strength of the South China Sea biological carbon pump.
Psychoradiological investigations of gray matter alterations in patients with anorexia nervosa
Authors: Zhang Simin , Wang Weina , Su Xiaorui , Kemp Graham J. , Yang Xibiao , Su Jingkai , Tan Qiaoyue , Zhao Youjin , Sun Huaiqiang , Yue Qiang , Gong Qiyong 
Published: December 2018

AbstractAnorexia nervosa (AN) is a severe psychiatric disorder with high mortality. The underlying neurobiological mechanisms are not well understood, and high-resolution structural magnetic resonance brain imaging studies have given inconsistent results. Here we aimed to psychoradiologically define the most prominent and replicable abnormalities of gray matter volume (GMV) in AN patients, and to examine their relationship to demographics and clinical characteristics, by means of a new coordinate-based meta-analytic technique called seed-based d mapping (SDM). In a pooled analysis of all AN patients we identified decreased GMV in the bilateral median cingulate cortices and posterior cingulate cortices extending to the bilateral precuneus, and the supplementary motor area. In subgroup analysis we found an additional decreased GMV in the right fusiform in adult AN, and a decreased GMV in the left amygdala and left anterior cingulate cortex in AN patients without comorbidity (pure AN). Thus, the most consistent GMV alterations in AN patients are in the default mode network and the sensorimotor network. These psychoradiological findings of the brain abnormalities might underpin the neuropathophysiology in AN.
Reevaluating growing season length controls on net ecosystem production in evergreen conifer forests
Authors: Barnard David M. , Knowles John F. , Barnard Holly R. , Goulden Michael L. , Hu Jia , Litvak Marcy E. , Molotch Noah P. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractGrowing season length (GSL) is a key unifying concept in ecology that can be estimated from eddy covariance-derived estimates of net ecosystem production (NEP). Previous studies disagree on how increasing GSLs may affect NEP in evergreen coniferous forests, potentially due to the variety of methods used to quantify GSL from NEP. We calculated GSL and GSL-NEP regressions at eleven evergreen conifer sites across a broad climatic gradient in western North America using three common approaches: (1) variable length (3–7 days) regressions of day of year versus NEP, (2) a smoothed threshold approach, and (3) the carbon uptake period, followed by a new approach of a method-averaged ensemble. The GSL and the GSL-NEP relationship differed among methods, resulting in linear relationships with variable sign, slope, and statistical significance. For all combinations of sites and methods, the GSL explained between 6% and 82% of NEP with p-values ranging from 0.45 to < 0.01. These results demonstrate the variability among GSL methods and the importance of selecting an appropriate method to accurately project the ecosystem carbon cycling response to longer growing seasons in the future. To encourage this approach in future studies, we outline a series of best practices for GSL method selection depending on research goals and the annual NEP dynamics of the study site(s). These results contribute to understanding growing season dynamics at ecosystem and continental scales and underscore the potential for methodological variability to influence forecasts of the evergreen conifer forest response to climate variability.
Structure and magnetism of ultrathin nickel-iron oxides grown on Ru(0001) by high-temperature oxygen-assisted molecular beam epitaxy
Authors: Mandziak Anna , de la Figuera Juan , Ruiz-Gómez Sandra , Soria Guiomar D. , Pérez Lucas , Prieto Pilar , Quesada Adrian , Foerster Michael , Aballe Lucía 
Published: December 2018

AbstractWe demonstrate the preparation of ultrathin Fe-rich nickel ferrite (NFO) islands on a metal substrate. Their nucleation and growth are followed in situ by low-energy electron microscopy (LEEM). A comprehensive characterization is performed combining LEEM for structural characterization and PEEM (PhotoEmission Electron Microscopy) with synchrotron radiation for chemical and magnetic analysis via X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy and X-ray Magnetic Circular Dichroism (XAS-PEEM and XMCD-PEEM, respectively). The growth by oxygen-assisted molecular beam epitaxy takes place in two stages. First, islands with the rocksalt structure nucleate and grow until they completely cover the substrate surface. Later three-dimensional islands of spinel phase grow on top of the wetting layer. Only the spinel islands show ferromagnetic contrast, with the same domains being observed in the Fe and Ni XMCD images. The estimated magnetic moments of Fe and Ni close to the islands surface indicate a possible role of the bi-phase reconstruction. A significant out-of-plane magnetization component was detected by means of XMCD-PEEM vector maps.
Ant-plant sociometry in the Azteca-Cecropia mutualism
Authors: Marting Peter R. , Kallman Nicole M. , Wcislo William T. , Pratt Stephen C. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractA holistic understanding of superorganism biology requires study of colony sociometry, or the quantitative relationships among growth, nest architecture, morphology, and behavior. For ant colonies that obligately nest within plant hosts, their sociometry is likely intertwined with the plant, which has implications for the evolution, strength, and stability of the mutualism. In theAzteca-Cecropiamutualism, plants provide ants with food rewards and hollow stems for nesting in return for protection from herbivores. Several interesting questions arise when considering ant-plant sociometry: are colony growth and plant growth synchronized? How do colonies distribute themselves within the stem of their host plant? How do plant traits influence worker morphology? How is collective personality related to tree structure, nest organization, and worker morphology? To address these questions, we investigated patterns within and relationships among five major sociometric categories of colonies in the field – plant traits, colony size, nest organization, worker morphology, and collective personality. We found that colony sociometry was intimately intertwined with host plant traits. Colony and plant growth rates were synchronized, suggesting that positive feedback between plant and colony growth stabilizes the mutualism. The colony’s distribution inside the host tree tended to follow leaf growth, with most workers, brood, and the queen in the top half of the tree. Worker morphology correlated with plant size instead of colony size or age, which suggests that plant traits influence worker development. Colony personality was independent of colony distribution and tree structure but may correlate with worker size such that colonies with smaller, less variable workers had more aggressive personalities. This study provides insights into how ant-plant structural relationships may contribute to plant protection and the strength of mutualisms.
Human ex vivo 3D bone model recapitulates osteocyte response to metastatic prostate cancer
Authors: Choudhary Saba , Ramasundaram Poornema , Dziopa Eugenia , Mannion Ciaran , Kissin Yair , Tricoli Lucas , Albanese Christopher , Lee Woo , Zilberberg Jenny 
Published: December 2018

AbstractProstate cancer (PCa) is the second leading cause of cancer deaths among American men. Unfortunately, there is no cure once the tumor is established within the bone niche. Although osteocytes are master regulators of bone homeostasis and remodeling, their role in supporting PCa metastases remains poorly defined. This is largely due to a lack of suitable ex vivo models capable of recapitulating the physiological behavior of primary osteocytes. To address this need, we integrated an engineered bone tissue model formed by 3D-networked primary human osteocytes, with conditionally reprogrammed (CR) primary human PCa cells. CR PCa cells induced a significant increase in the expression of fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) by osteocytes. The expression of the Wnt inhibitors sclerostin and dickkopf-1 (Dkk-1), exhibited contrasting trends, where sclerostin decreased while Dkk-1 increased. Furthermore, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) was induced with a concomitant increase in mineralization, consistent with the predominantly osteoblastic PCa-bone metastasis niche seen in patients. Lastly, we confirmed that traditional 2D culture failed to reproduce these key responses, making the use of our ex vivo engineered human 3D bone tissue an ideal platform for modeling PCa-bone interactions.
Das Antiphospholipid-Syndrom – Eine interdisziplinäre Herausforderung
Authors: Madlener Katharina 
Published: December 2018

ZusammenfassungDas Antiphospholipid-Syndrom (APS) ist eine systemische Autoimmunerkrankung, die durch arterielle und venöse Thrombosen und/oder Schwangerschaftskomplikationen in Form von Spontanaborten und/oder Fehlgeburten definiert ist. Laboranalytisch ist das APS gekennzeichnet durch den Nachweis von Antiphospholipid-Antikörpern oder einem Lupus Antikoagulans. Antiphospholipid-Antikörper repräsentieren eine heterogene Gruppe von Autoantikörpern gerichtet gegen Phospholipid-Protein-Komplexe. Lupus Antikoagulanzien stellen eine gerinnungsaktive Untergruppe dar, in der Antikörper zu einer Verlängerung von phospholipidabhängigen Gerinnungstesten führen. Die Behandlung erfolgt individualisiert und richtet sich nach dem klinischen Verlauf. Nach venösen und arteriellen Ereignissen wird in der Regel eine langfristige orale Antikoagulation durchgeführt, eine Primärprophylaxe erfolgt nicht. Eine Abortprophylaxe erfolgt mit niedermolekularem Heparin in Kombination mit Aspirin.
Flexible Endoscopy: The Fundamentals
Authors: Sweigert Patrick , Van Huis Adam , Marcotte Eric , Chand Bipan 
Published: December 2018

Endoscopy highlights the intersection of technological advancements and medical application. Innovation in optics, illumination, imaging, and manufacturing has allowed for the development of a complex array of instruments for use by endoscopists. Flexible gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy has emerged to become a well-established minimally invasive aspect of prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of GI disease.Flexible endoscopes and their associated instruments and platforms are described, acknowledging that such lists are dynamic. The procedure environment is also described in terms of location, equipment, ergonomics, personnel involved, and recovery considerations.Recommendations from GI and anesthesiology associations are outlined to summarize current practices in the administration of sedative drugs to reduce patient discomfort, allow for a technically successful procedure, and reduce patient memory of the procedure.The training process for GI endoscopy is described for general surgery residents and GI fellows. Training involves didactic and technical curriculum along with mentor-supervised endoscopic procedures. After the completion of training, residents and fellows proceed through a credentialing process, which culminates in granting privileges to an individual to perform GI endoscopic procedures. Once in practice, providers must stay up to date on the ever-changing world of medical documentation, coding, and billing to ensure appropriate reimbursement.
Empty Sunrise Sign: An Arthroscopic Finding in Recurrent Patellar Dislocation
Authors: Smith Craig , Otte Jeffrey , Steensen Robert 
Published: December 2018

AbstractPatellar dislocation is a relatively common knee injury and can be challenging to diagnose. We describe an arthroscopic finding we noted in recurrent patellar dislocation. Arthroscopic photos were evaluated from 50 knees with a history patellar dislocation and 100 control patients. We quantified the amount of patellar subluxation seen on a single arthroscopic view and coined it Empty Sunrise Sign if the patella did not overlap the trochlea. Empty Sunrise Sign was found in 82% of 50 cases with recurrent patellar dislocation and none of the 100 control cases. The finding was 100% specific for identifying a recurrent patellar dislocator. High interobserver agreement was noted. Empty Sunrise Sign suggests significant capsular laxity. This may need to be considered in the surgical treatment of recurrent patellar dislocation.
Sporadic Hemangioblastoma of the Cavernous Sinus and Meckel's Cave
Authors: Kord Valeshabad Ali , Xiao Lekui , Amin-Hanjani Sepideh , Alsadi Alaa , Valyi-Nagy Tibor , Kim Jinsuh 
Published: December 2018

Objectives To describe an extremely rare case of sporadic hemangioblastoma (HB) within the cavernous sinus and Meckel's cave with extension to the cerebellopontine angle (CPA) cistern.
Methods A 73-year-old male presented with hearing loss, unilateral ptosis, and facial numbness.
Results The imaging showed a complex cystic-solid mass centered at the left cavernous sinus and Meckel's cave with extension to the CPA cistern. Patient underwent retrosigmoid craniectomy for partial resection of the CPA angle component of the mass. Surgical pathology confirmed the diagnosis of HB and patient was scheduled for subsequent radiotherapy of the residual mass.
Conclusions We present an exceptional case of supratentorial HB without associated von Hippel–Lindau (VHL) disease, which was predominantly located in the cavernous sinus and Meckel's cave and led to multiple cranial nerve symptoms. We describe imaging characteristics and radiologic–pathologic correlation of this atypically located HB, which can be difficult to consider in the differential diagnosis presurgically.
“I am not criticizing you”
Authors: Lang Jun 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
This study examines a Chinese indirect speech act conventionally expressed with what I call the construction of earnest
advice. From a constructionist perspective, I posit that the construction of earnest advice is an indirect
speech act construction. Its idiosyncratic form is paired with the function of showing genuine concern and providing advice in the
best interest of the hearer. Based on corpus evidence and discourse analysis, I analyze the contextually situated subtypes of this
function, including passing judgments, providing suggestions, issuing complaints and mock sarcasms. The use of the contextual
subtypes depends on interpersonal factors such as social distance, power difference, and group membership. This study has
implications for politeness theories.
A comparative with two standards of comparison
Authors: Liu Chen-Sheng Luther 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
This article discusses the syntax and semantics of the DS comparative in Chinese, which is an adjectival comparative in which the
sequence gèng duō ‘even-more much’ occurs as the degree búyǔ complement clause of the matrix
adjective. The element duō ‘much’ is a quantity-adjective that interacts with gèng ‘even-more’
to introduce an additional standard of comparison into the DS comparative in order to make the comparison denoted by the degree
búyǔ complement clause possible.
An Unknown Early Modern New World Epic: Girolamo Vecchietti’sDelle prodezze di Ferrante Cortese(1587–88)
Authors: Cox Virginia 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThis article discusses an unpublished vernacular Italian New World epic of the 1580s, which narrates the Spanish conquest of Mexico. The work was authored by the traveler, diplomat, and Orientalist Girolamo Vecchietti, and it is dedicated to Ferdinando I de’ Medici, grand duke of Tuscany. Vecchietti’s poem is striking as a rare epic in terza rima, and as the sole surviving early modern Italian epic to center on the deeds of Cortés, rather than Columbus or Vespucci. It is also intriguing for its ambivalent attitude toward the Spanish colonizing enterprise, portrayed initially as a heroic evangelizing mission, but later shown in a more compromised light.