bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
IL-25 contributes to lung fibrosis by directly acting on alveolar epithelial cells and fibroblasts
Authors: Xu Xuefeng , Luo Sa , Li Biyun , Dai Huaping , Zhang Jinglan 
Published: April 2019

Interleukin (IL)-25 is shown to potentiate type-2 immunity and contribute to chronic airway inflammation and remodeling in allergic airway diseases. However, the role of IL-25 in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), dominated by nonatopic type-2 immunity, still remains largely unclear. Herein, we detected the expression levels of IL-25 and IL-17BR (IL-25’s receptor) by using lung tissue samples gained from IPF patients and normal subjects. Also, by directly intranasal (IN) instillation of IL-25 to mice, we examined the potential roles and mechanisms of IL-25 in the development of lung fibrosis. Furthermore, we tested whether IL-25 can directly activate human lung fibroblast by in vitro cell culture. Immunohistochemical, Western blot, and real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) showed that the mRNA and protein levels of IL-25 and IL-17BR are significantly higher in IPF patients when compared with normal controls. Intranasal instillation of IL-25 to mice markedly induces the expressions of alveolar IL-5 and IL-13. Furthermore, immunohistochemical analysis showed that the main components of the extracellular matrix including collagen I, collagen III and fibronectin are notably induced by IL-25 instillation in lung parenchyma (especially in alveolar epithelial cells [AECs]). Also, IL-25 potentiates the expression of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) in AECs and the recruitment of lung fibroblast. By using Cell Counting Kit-8 and EDU incorporation assay, we found that IL-25 markedly enhances the proliferation of lung fibroblast. Finally, IL-25 potentiates fibroblast to produce several fibrogenic genes including collagen I/III, fibronectin, CTGF, α smooth muscle (α-SMA) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP)-1 as determined by RT-PCR assay. Collectively, we concluded that IL-25 is increased in IPF lungs and contributes to lung fibrosis by directly mediating AECs/fibroblast activation. Impact statement Our work focused on alveolar epithelial cells (AECs)-derived type-2 cytokine (interleukin [IL]-25) in the pathogenesis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). We showed that IL-25 and IL-17BR (IL-25’s receptor) is upregulated in lung tissues (especially in AECs and lung fibroblasts) of IPF patients and contributes to lung fibrosis by directly activating lung fibroblasts and modulating epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) of AECs. We suggest that IL-25 may be one of the master switches hidden in the milieu of abnormal epithelial–mesenchymal crosstalk. Treatment targeting IL-25 may be the potential and novel method for IPF patients.
Pharmacokinetic interaction of riociguat and antiretroviral combination regimens in HIV‐1‐infected adults
Authors: DeJesus Edwin , Saleh Soundos , Cheng Sue , van der Mey Dorina , Becker Corina , Frey Reiner , Unger Sigrun , Mueck Wolfgang 
Published: April 2019

Riociguat, a first‐in‐class soluble guanylate cyclase stimulator, is approved for the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), a serious potential complication of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. This open‐label study investigated the pharmacokinetic drug–drug interaction potential of antiretroviral therapies on riociguat exposure in HIV‐infected adults. HIV‐infected adults without PAH on stable antiretroviral regimens (efavirenz/emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil, emtricitabine/rilpivirine/tenofovir disoproxil, elvitegravir/cobicistat/emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil, abacavir/dolutegravir/lamivudine, or a ritonavir‐boosted triple regimen) for ≥ 6 weeks received a single riociguat dose (0.5 mg). Riociguat pharmacokinetics and safety were assessed; pharmacokinetics was compared with historical healthy volunteer data. Of 41 participants treated (n = 8 in each arm, except n = 9 in the ritonavir‐boosted triple regimen arm), 40 were included in the pharmacokinetic analyses. Riociguat median tmax was 1.00–1.27 h, with comparable maximum concentration (Cmax) across the five background antiretroviral groups. Riociguat exposure was highest with abacavir/dolutegravir/lamivudine, followed by elvitegravir/cobicistat/emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil > emtricitabine/rilpivirine/tenofovir disoproxil > ritonavir‐boosted triple regimen > efavirenz/emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil; riociguat area under the plasma concentration versus time curve (AUC) was approximately threefold higher with abacavir/dolutegravir/lamivudine than efavirenz/emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil. Compared with historical data, riociguat exposure in HIV‐infected adults was similar when co‐administered with efavirenz/emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil, slightly increased when administered with ritonavir‐boosted triple regimen and increased by approximately threefold when administered with abacavir/dolutegravir/lamivudine. Riociguat was well tolerated, with no new safety findings. Riociguat was well tolerated in adults with HIV on stable background antiretroviral therapy although an apparent increase in AUC of riociguat was observed in patients receiving abacavir/dolutegravir/lamivudine. Patients should be monitored closely during riociguat initiation and dose adjustment for signs and symptoms of hypotension.
Clinical Impact of Circulating Tumor RAS and BRAF Mutation Dynamics in Patients With Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Treated With First-Line Chemotherapy Plus Anti–Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Therapy
Authors: Maurel Joan , Alonso Vicente , Escudero Pilar , Fernández-Martos Carlos , Salud Antonieta , Méndez Miguel , Gallego Javier , Rodriguez Jose Ramon , Martín-Richard Marta , Fernández-Plana Julen , Manzano Hermini , Méndez José Carlos , Zanui Montserrat , Falcó Esther , Gil-Raga Mireia , Aparicio Jorge , Feliu Jaime , García-Albéniz Xabier , Torres Ferràn , Rojo Federico , Bellosillo Beatriz , Mendiola Marta , Fernández Veronica , Reig Oscar , Claes Bart , Maertens Geert , Sablon Erwin , Jacobs Bart , Montagut Clara 
Published: April 2019

PURPOSE RAS and BRAF mutations can be detected as a mechanism of acquired resistance in circulating tumor (ct) DNA in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer treated with anti–epidermal growth factor receptor therapy. METHODS RAS and BRAF mutational status was assessed in ctDNA in a baseline plasma sample and a serum sample collected at the time of the last available determination (named secondary extraction) from patients with KRAS exon 2 wild-type metastatic colorectal cancer treated in two first-line prospective biomarker-designed clinical trials (PULSE, ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01288339; and POSIBA, ClincialTrials.gov identifier: NCT01276379). RESULTS Analysis of extended RAS and BRAF in tissue and plasma from 178 patients with KRAS exon 2 wild-type metastatic colorectal cancer showed a sensitivity of 64.1% and a specificity of 90%. The median overall survival (OS) of baseline patients with RAS and BRAF mutations in ctDNA was 22.3 months (95% CI, 15.6 to 29 months) and 8.9 months (95% CI, 6.3 to 11.4 months), respectively, which was significantly inferior to the median OS of 40.4 months (95% CI, 35.9 to 44.9 months) in two patients with wild-type disease ( P < .001). Acquisition of RAS/BRAF mutations occurred in nine of 63 patients (14%) with progressive disease (PD; ie, blood draw within 1 month before PD or after PD) compared with six of 73 patients (8%) with no PD or blood extraction for ctDNA analysis before 1 month of PD ( P = .47). Median OS in patients with RAS/BRAF acquisition was 23.9 months (95% CI, 19.7 to 27.9 months) compared with 40.6 months (95% CI, not reached to not reached) in patients who remained free of mutations ( P = .016). CONCLUSION Our results confirm that baseline RAS and BRAF testing in ctDNA discriminates survival. The emergence of RAS/BRAF mutations has limited relevance for the time to progression to anti–epidermal growth factor receptor therapy.
Image schemas in visual semiotics: Looking for an origin of plastic language
Authors: Polidoro Piero 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
The aim of this article is to present a hypothesis explaining the origin of plastic meaning. In visual semiotics, plastic meaning is that produced by visual configurations per se, i.e. independently from what they represent. This meaning can be assimilated to the kind of effects studied by (Arnheim, R. 1954/1974. Art and visual perception: A psychology of the creative eye, 2nd edn. Berkeley, Los Angeles, and London: University of California Press). In his book The Body In the Mind, (Johnson, M. 1987. The body in the mind. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press) is the first to propose that image schemas and their metaphorical projections could be used to explain some of these visual effects. Nevertheless, I think that his approach presents some shortcomings. Above all, Johnson’s examples always concern cases in which visual stimuli match an image schema, while Arnheim’s observations are mostly about effects of tension and dynamism generated by a conflict with our expectations. I will propose that, to complete Johnson’s proposal, we need an inferential theory of aesthetic experience, derived from Meyer’s and Eco’s works. This theory would explain how expectations and their verifications can produce different kinds of tension and arousal, the basic mechanisms of plastic meaning.
Double Poisson-Tweedie Regression Models
Authors: Petterle Ricardo R. , Bonat Wagner H. , Kokonendji Célestin C. , Seganfredo Juliane C. , Moraes Atamai , da Silva Monica G. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractIn this paper, we further extend the recently proposed Poisson-Tweedie regression models to include a linear predictor for the dispersion as well as for the expectation of the count response variable. The family of the considered models is specified using only second-moments assumptions, where the variance of the count response has the formμ+ϕμp$\mu + \phi \mu^p$, whereµis the expectation,ϕandpare the dispersion and power parameters, respectively. Parameter estimations are carried out using an estimating function approach obtained by combining the quasi-score and Pearson estimating functions. The performance of the fitting algorithm is investigated through simulation studies. The results showed that our estimating function approach provides consistent estimators for both mean and dispersion parameters. The class of models is motivated by a data set concerning CD4 counting in HIV-positive pregnant women assisted in a public hospital in Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil. Specifically, we investigate the effects of a set of covariates in both expectation and dispersion structures. Our results showed that women living out of the capital Curitiba, with viral load equal or larger than 1000 copies and with previous diagnostic of HIV infection, present lower levels of CD4 cell count. Furthermore, we detected that the time to initiate the antiretroviral therapy decreases the data dispersion. The data set andRcode are available as supplementary materials.
Derivation method of numerous dynamics in the Special Theory of Relativity
Authors: Szostek Roman 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
The article presents innovative method of deriving dynamics in the Special Theory of Relativity. This method enables to derive infinitely many dynamics in relativistic mechanics. The authors have shown five examples of these derivations. In this way,It is presented that the dynamics known today as the dynamics of Special Theory of Relativity is only one of infinitely of theoretically possible.
Spiritualität und Professionalität am Beispiel der christlichen Sozialen Arbeit
Authors: Mahler Roland 
Published: April 2019

Zusammenfassung
Soziale Arbeit als Handlungswissenschaft hat sich den einschlägigen wissenschaftstheoretischen Anforderungen bzw. den Kriterien spezifischer Theoriemodelle zu stellen. Die vorliegende Arbeit versucht zu zeigen, wie ein Konzept der Sozialen Arbeit, welches auf der christlichen Spiritualität gründet, letztere als integrierter Bestandteil einer einschlägigen Theorie verstehen kann. Der Aufsatz bezieht sich dabei auf das christliche Grundmotiv der neo-calvinistischen Philosophie (Herman Dooyeweerd) und versucht, unter dem Stichwort der Proximalität ein Konzept der professionellen sozialen Verantwortlichkeit im Blick auf das Gleichnis vom Barmherzigen Samariter zu entwickeln.
Achtsamkeit, Weisheit und Mitgefühl
Authors: Pfeifer-Schaupp Ulrich 
Published: April 2019

ZusammenfassungDer Beitrag skizziert eine buddhistische Perspektive Sozialer Arbeit. Am Anfang steht die Frage, was das erkenntnisleitende Interesse dieses Versuchs ist. Dann mache ich deutlich, auf welche Form des Buddhismus ich mich beziehe: Es geht dabei nicht um Buddhismus als Religion, sondern um angewandten Buddhismus, wie ihn z. B. Thich Nhat Hhanh vertritt bzw. um „engagierten Buddhismus“. Im Zentrum des Beitrags steht dann die Frage, welchen Erkenntnisgewinn diese neue Perspektive verspricht. Abschließend wird erörtert, wo die Anschlussfähigkeit an moderne sozialarbeitswissenschaftliche Diskurse liegt.
“Disjoint and Out of Frame”:Hamletand the Problem of Synchrony
Authors: Schlegel Johannes 
Published: April 2019

AbstractHamletstages problems of immanent synchrony that can be described as both motor and product of specific temporalities. By contemplating different timelines and even problematising the notion of linear time itself, Shakespeare’s tragedy illustrates that de/synchronisation relies on cultural techniques, which, in the context of the play, consist of the basic operations of calculating, representing, and commanding. At the same time, however, synchronisation proves to be inevitably recursive as it always already necessitates further operations. As this reading ofHamletshows, the relevance of cultural techniques becomes apparent when it is understood as a heterogeneous arrangement in which technical-practical, aesthetic, symbolic, and political concepts interact.
Cultural Techniques and the Politics of Detail: Tom McCarthy’sRemainderand/as Media Theory
Authors: Glaubitz Nicola 
Published: April 2019

AbstractTom McCarthy’s novels are informed by media theory, and this essay reads his novelRemaindernot onlywiththeory in order to highlight parallels to reflections on cultural techniques and sociotechnical networks but also tries to assess its relevanceastheory. My essay will, first of all, introduce the media theoretical framework of cultural techniques and show how cultural techniques are described inRemainder.The parallel agendas of the novel and cultural techniques research, I argue, converge in a shared interest in materiality, practices, and the seemingly banal details of everyday life but put them into different perspectives. I will then readRemainderas a contribution to the theoretical debate on cultural techniques and suggest that the novel draws our attention to a politics of detail in theories of practices, the everyday, and cultural techniques.
Evaluation of the Dynamic CBR Test on Coarse-Grained Materials
Authors: Henzinger Christoph , Vogt Stefan 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
The California Bearing Ratio (CBR) test is commonly used to evaluate the quality of base courses and subbase courses, subgrades, and unsurfaced roads. It provides an empirical index value for the strength of a compacted material. However, the conventional field CBR test is time consuming. As a simple and fast alternative, a dynamic CBR test has been developed for which a falling mass is used to provide the force needed for the penetration of a piston into the tested material. The biggest advantage of the dynamic CBR test compared with the conventional CBR test is that it can be completed within very few minutes. Based on experimental data from laboratory and field tests, this article evaluates the use of the dynamic CBR test on coarse-grained materials. The laboratory program consisted of 15 materials (primary and secondary raw materials) that were compacted to different dry densities and were tested using the conventional and dynamic CBR tests. Additional field tests were performed on four of these materials. The results suggest the use of the dynamic CBR test as a valuable alternative to the static CBR test on granular materials. A general correlation formula for dynamic penetration values provided by the dynamic CBR test and conventional CBR values is presented.
The Genome of C57BL/6J “Eve”, the Mother of the Laboratory Mouse Genome Reference Strain
Authors: Sarsani Vishal Kumar , Raghupathy Narayanan , Fiddes Ian T , Armstrong Joel , Thibaud-Nissen Francoise , Zinder Oraya , Bolisetty Mohan , Howe Kerstin , Hinerfeld Doug , Ruan Xiaoan , Rowe Lucy , Barter Mary , Ananda Guruprasad , Paten Benedict , Weinstock George M , Churchill Gary A , Wiles Michael V , Schneider Valerie A , Srivastava Anuj , Reinholdt Laura G 
Published: April 2019

AbstractIsogenic laboratory mouse strains enhance reproducibility because individual animals are genetically identical. For the most widely used isogenic strain, C57BL/6, there exists a wealth of genetic, phenotypic, and genomic data, including a high-quality reference genome (GRCm38.p6). Now 20 years after the first release of the mouse reference genome, C57BL/6J mice are at least 26 inbreeding generations removed from GRCm38 and the strain is now maintained with periodic reintroduction of cryorecovered mice derived from a single breeder pair, aptly named Adam and Eve. To provide an update to the mouse reference genome that more accurately represents the genome of today’s C57BL/6J mice, we took advantage of long read, short read, and optical mapping technologies to generate a de novo assembly of the C57BL/6J Eve genome (B6Eve). Using these data, we have addressed recurring variants observed in previous mouse genomic studies. We have also identified structural variations, closed gaps in the mouse reference assembly, and revealed previously unannotated coding sequences. This B6Eve assembly explains discrepant observations that have been associated with GRCm38-based analyses, and will inform a reference genome that is more representative of the C57BL/6J mice that are in use today.
Punto de atención de la prueba
Authors: Pérez Jeff 
Published: April 2019

Introducción: la evaluación ultrasonográfica del tracto reproductivo en las yeguas es uno de los procedimientos más confiables en la actualidad para el diagnóstico y monitoreo de la preñez. Esta herramienta tiene la capacidad de predecir el impacto potencial que algunas enfermedades generan en la calidad y salud reproductiva de las yeguas.
Objetivo: describir una aproximación apropiada para reconocer los puntos de atención de la prueba en la evaluación ultrasonográfica de yeguas preñadas y no preñadas.
Método de caracterización: los puntos de atención de la prueba POC (Point-of-Care Testing) son una serie de criterios diseñados para proporcionar resultados rápidos, a la vez que permiten una relativa autonomía por el observador.
Discusión: por definición, una prueba POC debe estar disponible para ser usada al lado del paciente y con la versatilidad de obtener resultados útiles para la toma de decisiones clínicas inmediatamente.
Conclusión: la importancia del ultrasonido en la evaluación ginecológica y obstétrica de la yegua resalta la importancia de considerar los puntos de atención de la prueba en el examen ultrasonográfico del aparato reproductor de las yeguas.
El concepto de derecho mayor: una aproximación, desde la cosmología andina
Authors: Flórez-Vargas Carlos Albeiro 
Published: April 2019

Introducción: el artículo aborda el concepto de Derecho mayor, el cual ha tomado fuerza en las investigaciones académicas. Dicho concepto se encuentra envuelto en una complejidad estimulante para los investigadores, lo cual invita a la reflxión sobre la mejor forma decomprender los conceptos cosmo-ancestrales y de ordenamiento de la comunidad misak. Metodología: la investigación que da origen a este artículo es de tipo iap (Investigación Acción Participativa), en la cual la comunidad misak tiene una participación directa en laproducción de conocimientos concretos sobre su propia realidad. Resultados: la investigación arroja como resultado la generación de nuevo conocimiento sobre la concepción indígena de Derecho mayor, la cual se basa en la armonía y los principios de correspondencia ycomplementariedad. Conclusión: el artículo permite comprender cuestiones básicas del pensamiento misak desde el Derecho mayor,haciendo uso de los principios rectores de la cosmología andina a partir de un retrato cosmogónico de la comunidad misak.
Comparison between surface and volumetric properties of short-chain alcohols and some classical surfactants
Authors: Bielawska Magdalena , Zdziennicka Anna , Jańczuk Bronisław 
Published: April 2019

<p>Measurements of the dynamic surface tension of the aqueous solutions of methanol, ethanol, propanol, CTAB and SDDS at their given concentrations were made. From the obtained results and the literature data it was concluded that the adsorption of short-chain alcohols at the water-air interface is somewhat similar to that of classical surfactants. For that reason the relationship between the Gibbs standard free energy of adsorption of short-chain alcohols and classical surfactants at that interface was established. The correlation between the chemical potential of mixing of alcohols and surfactants was also analysed. This analysis concerned the critical aggregation concentration (CAC) of alcohols and the critical micelle concentration (CMC) of surfactants. The chemical potential of surfactant mixing was calculated from the literature CMC data for the homologous series of alkyl sulfates, alkyl sulfonates, alkyl ammonium chlorides, alkyl trimethylammonium bromides, and alkyl pyridinium bromides. The influence of the hydrophobic chain length of alcohol and surfactant molecules on the Gibbs standard free energy of their adsorption at the water-air interface and their chemical potential of mixing were considered. It appeared that there is a linear dependence between these thermodynamic functions and the number of carbon atoms increased by 1 in the hydrocarbon chains of these compounds. This confirms clearly our conclusion that the behaviour of short-chain alcohols and classical surfactants at the water-air interface and in the bulk phase of aqueous solutions is similar. </p>
O pewnych warunkach perswazji
Authors: Warchala Jacek 
Published: April 2019

<p>W artykule poruszono problem perswazji jako zjawiska komunikacyjnego. Jest on próbą rozróżnienia między perswazją, czyli przekonywaniem i nakłanianiem, a manipulacją, czyli pokonywaniem i podporządkowywaniem. Przedstawiono także dwa główne warunki,<br />które muszą zostać spełnione, aby sytuacja perswazyjna w ogóle mogła wystąpić: warunek dialogowości, czyli otwarcie się na odbiorcę, i dążenie do wymiany jako otwarcie się na racje inne niż własne, oraz warunek wolności do głoszenia i obrony własnych racji. Jeśli perswazja jest rodzajem walki symbolicznej, to musi odbywać się w warunkach wzajemnie ustanowionego horyzontu racjonalności i zaistnienia wspólnie kontrolowanej wiedzy.</p><p> </p>
Krajobrazy dźwiękowe jako przedmiot zainteresowań geografii
Authors: Bernat Sebastian 
Published: April 2019

<p>Celem badań, których wyniki przedstawiono w artykule było rozpoznanie roli krajobrazów dźwiękowych w studiach geograficznych. Nawiązano do podejścia humanistycznego (głównie fenomenologiczne), akcentującego potrzebę badania świata takiego, jaki jest postrzegany przez ludzi, czyli konkretów codziennego życia. Przedstawiono dorobek naukowy ekologii akustycznej w Polsce. Na koniec wskazano zastosowania studiów krajobrazu dźwiękowego. Badania krajobrazu dźwiękowego są przykładem przekraczania granic poznania w geografii. Jest to perspektywiczny kierunek badawczy w geografii i planowaniu przestrzennym.</p><p> </p>