bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A robust implicit measure of facial attractiveness discrimination
Authors: Luo Qiuling , Rossion Bruno , Dzhelyova Milena 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Decisions of attractiveness from the human face are made instantly and spontaneously, but robust implicit neural measures of facial attractiveness discrimination are currently lacking. Here we applied fast periodic visual stimulation coupled with electroencephalography (EEG) to objectively measure the neural coding of facial attractiveness. We presented different pictures of faces at 6 Hz, i.e. six faces/second, for a minute while participants attended to a central fixation cross and indicated whether the cross shortly changed color. Every other face in the stimulation was attractive and was replaced by a relatively less attractive face. This resulted in alternating more/less attractive faces at a 3 Hz rate, eliciting a significant increase in occipito-temporal EEG amplitude at 3 Hz both at the group and the individual participant level. This response was absent in two control conditions where either only attractive or only less attractive faces were presented. These observations support the view that face-sensitive visual areas discriminate attractiveness implicitly and rapidly from the human face.
An Assessment of Penetrance and Clinical Expression of Malignant Hyperthermia in Individuals Carrying Diagnostic Ryanodine Receptor 1 Gene Mutations
Authors: Ibarra Moreno Carlos A. , Hu Sally , Kraeva Natalia , Schuster Frank , Johannsen Stephan , Rueffert Henrik , Klingler Werner , Heytens Luc , Riazi Sheila 
Published: June 2019

Abstract

Editor’s Perspective

What We Already Know about This Topic

What This Article Tells Us That Is New

Background
Malignant hyperthermia (MH) is a potentially lethal disorder triggered by certain anesthetics. Mutations in the ryanodine receptor 1 (RYR1) gene account for about half of MH cases. Discordance between the low incidence of MH and a high prevalence of mutations has been attributed to incomplete penetrance, which has not been quantified yet. The authors aimed to examine penetrance of MH-diagnostic RYR1 mutations and the likelihood of mutation carriers to develop MH, and to identify factors affecting severity of MH clinical expression.

Methods
In this multicenter case–control study, data from 125 MH pedigrees between 1994 and 2017 were collected from four European registries and one Canadian registry. Probands (survivors of MH reaction) and their relatives with at least one exposure to anesthetic triggers, carrying one diagnostic RYR1 mutation, were included. Penetrance (percentage of probands among all genotype-positive) and the probability of a mutation carrier to develop MH were obtained. MH onset time and Clinical Grading Scale score were used to assess MH reaction severity.

Results
The overall penetrance of nine RYR1 diagnostic mutations was 40.6% (93 of 229), without statistical differences among mutations. Likelihood to develop MH on exposure to triggers was 0.25 among all RYR1 mutation carriers, and 0.76 in probands (95% CI of the difference 0.41 to 0.59). Penetrance in males was significantly higher than in females (50% [62 of 124] vs. 29.7% [30 of 101]; P = 0.002). Males had increased odds of developing MH (odds ratio, 2.37; 95% CI, 1.36 to 4.12) despite similar levels of exposure to trigger anesthetics. Proband’s median age was 12 yr (interquartile range 6 to 32.5).

Conclusions
Nine MH-diagnostic RYR1 mutations have sex-dependent incomplete penetrance, whereas MH clinical expression is influenced by patient’s age and the type of anesthetic. Our quantitative evaluation of MH penetrance reinforces the notion that a previous uneventful anesthetic does not preclude the possibility of developing MH.
Patent Blue V as an Alternative Stain for DMEK Grafts: Safety, Stain Retention, and Feasibility
Authors: Chen Shin-Yi , Tran Khoa D. , Wehrer Stephen , Potts Luke B. , Bauer Alex J. , Straiko Michael D. , Terry Mark A. 
Published: June 2019

Purpose:
To determine whether Patent Blue V (PB) can be used as an alternative dye for staining Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) grafts.

Methods:
DMEK grafts from donor corneas were stained with 2.5% PB for 4 minutes (n = 2), 2.5% PB for 10 minutes (n = 2), or 0.06% trypan blue (TB) for 4 minutes (n = 1). The stain intensity of the grafts was compared initially and at different time points over a 15-minute period of balanced salt solution wash using a grading scale based on a serial dilution series of PB. Three additional grafts were stained with 2.5% PB for 10 minutes and used in mock surgeries to assess stain retention after injection and manipulation in a donor eye model for 25 minutes. To assess the safety of PB, DMEK grafts were prepared from 10 pairs of corneas where one cornea was stained with 0.06% TB for 4 minutes and the mate cornea was stained with 2.5% PB for 10 minutes. The grafts were preloaded and stored for 5 days in Optisol-GS at 2°C to 8°C, and endothelial cell loss was quantified using Calcein-AM staining and FIJI segmentation by 2 masked readers.

Results:
PB stain intensities were lighter than TB-stained grafts. Grafts stained with 2.5% PB for 10 minutes retained sufficient color for the 25-minute duration of mock surgery. The average endothelial cell loss for PB versus TB grafts was 21.6% ± 5.3% versus 20.2% ± 5.4% (P = 0.202) as determined by reader 1 and 23.6% ± 4.8% versus 21.2% ± 5.8% (P = 0.092) as determined by reader 2.

Conclusions:
PB is a viable alternative dye in DMEK grafts for applications where TB may not be available or approved for use.
Fluoxetine and Risk of Bleeding in Patients Aged 60 Years and Older Using the Korea Adverse Event Reporting System Database
Authors: Kim Seonji , Ko Young-Jin , Park Kyounghoon , Yang Bo Ram , Kim Mi-sook , Park Byung-Joo 
Published: June 2019

Abstract

Background
Depression, the leading cause of nonfatal disease burden, has a strong correlation with suicide and affects approximately 7% of the general elderly population. Adverse drug reactions in older patients are particularly important because of reduced drug metabolism, polypharmacy, drug-drug interactions, and drug-disease interactions. Fluoxetine is the first representative selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor but is associated with the possibility of hemorrhage based on its mechanism of action. Serious cases of gastrointestinal bleeding and cerebral hemorrhage have been reported, raising concerns about the safety of this drug.

Methods
We detected signals of bleeding risk associated with fluoxetine in an elderly population using the Korea Adverse Event Reporting System database. Reporting odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated.

Results
A total of 16,517 adverse events related to antidepressants were reported. The reporting odds ratios for fluoxetine were 2.34 (95% CI, 1.03–5.34) for total bleeding, 4.41 (95% CI, 1.60–12.15) for major bleeding, 2.06 (95% CI, 0.28–15.03) for gastrointestinal bleeding, and 6.12 (95% CI, 2.14–22.60) for brain hemorrhage compared with those of all other antidepressants.

Conclusions
We detected safety signals with total bleeding, major bleeding, and brain hemorrhage related to fluoxetine. For patients with a high risk of bleeding, such as the elderly population, prescribing antidepressants other than fluoxetine can be considered. The results of this study provide preliminary evidence of a relationship between fluoxetine and hemorrhage but have wide 95% CIs. Further pharmacoepidemiological studies will be needed to confirm the risk of bleeding associated with fluoxetine.
Practice Analysis Study: A Method for Residency Curriculum Development
Authors: Harro Cathy C. , Myers Robin O. , Perry Susan B. , Legters Kristine , Barry Joni , McCombe Waller Sandy 
Published: June 2019

Background and Purpose.
Postprofessional residency education intended to advance specialty practice is common across health professions. Accrediting bodies use a variety of methods to define competencies and develop curricula. This paper describes the practice analysis survey used to determine advanced practice specialty competencies in physical therapy (PT), and the implications for the results of that process on residency curricula. The recently updated neurologic Description of Specialty Practice (DSP) is presented as an example.

Method/Model Description and Evaluation.
A nine-member Subject Matter Expert (SME) panel used a consensus process to develop knowledge and skill statements that represent contemporary neurologic specialty practice to construct a practice analysis survey. Survey respondents rated each statement along 3 dimensions: frequency and importance of the knowledge/skill, and the required level of judgment. The survey was sent to 995 neurologic certified specialists and an equal number of nonspecialists. Decision rules on data analysis DSP revision were determined by the SME panel a priori.

Outcomes.
One hundred thirty-one neurologic clinical specialists completed the survey (response rate = 13%). The revised DSP reflects new emphasis on: complex clinical decision making, judicious use of outcome measures, and prioritization of interventions; differential diagnosis and medical management; neuroplasticity and neural recovery; movement and task analysis; social responsibility and advocacy; and the role in health, wellness, and prevention. These changes represent the evolving knowledge, practice skills, and expanded role of the neurologic specialist, which must be incorporated into neurologic residency curricula.

Discussion and Conclusion.
This paper describes a method to guide curricula and learning outcomes for postprofessional residencies that is different from those used in entry-level PT programs. However, the practice analysis method is consistent with that used by other health professions. Systematic assessment of performance standards across the spectrum of PT education will continue to be important to distinguish specialists and support residency curricula.
Temporal trends in the practice of the transradial approach for percutaneous coronary intervention in a large tertiary center
Authors: Perl Leor , Bental Tamir , Assali Abid , Vaknin-Assa Hana , Greenberg Gabriel , Witberg Guy , Kornowski Ran 
Published: June 2019

Objective
The transradial approach (TRA) has increasingly been adopted for the use of percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI), with reported clinical benefits. Little is known regarding the change in outcomes over time.

Patients and methods
From our large single-center PCI registry, we have analyzed 15 429 patients in two periods – 2008–2012 (period 1) and 2013–2017 (period 2). We examined the proportions of use of TRA, the influence on in-hospital outcomes, and adjusted long-term effects.

Results
The rate of TRA rose from 15.9% in period 1 to 69.1% in period 2, including in specific situations such as acute coronary syndrome, chronic total occlusion, bifurcation, calcified lesions, and unprotected left main PCI. In-hospital rates of bleeding were lower for TRA versus transfemoral artery (1.8 vs. 5.1%, overall, P < 0.001), as were rates of additional bleeding events in the following 12 months (1.3 vs. 2.4%, P < 0.001). Following multivariate analysis, use of TRA was associated with a lower 30-day and 4-year rate of the composite outcomes of death, myocardial infarction, target vessel revascularization, or coronary artery bypass surgery [at 4 years, hazard ratio (HR) = 0.86; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.77–0.96; P = 0.007, during period 1 and HR = 0.62; 95% CI 0.55–0.7; P < 0.0001 during period 2]. Interaction analysis showed a stronger effect at the latter period (HR = 0.69, 95% CI: 0.59–0.81, P < 0.001).

Conclusion
Over a decade of follow-up, TRA has gained acceptance for different PCI scenarios, including complex patients – a course which is associated with consistent short and long-term clinical benefits.
Machine perfusion in kidney transplantation
Authors: Kataria Ashish , Magoon Sandeep , Makkar Binni , Gundroo Aijaz 
Published: June 2019

Purpose of review
The shortage of kidneys for transplantation has led to an urgent need to efficiently utilize the available cadaveric kidneys. Efficient use of machine perfusion may potentially lead to increased use of marginal kidneys by lowering the incidence of delayed graft function (DGF) and improving graft outcomes.

Recent findings
Machine perfusion has had a resurgence in the last 10–15 years over static cold storage (SCS). Hypothermic machine perfusion (HMP), the most commonly utilized type of machine perfusion reduces the rates of DGF when compared with SCS with a trend towards improving the overall graft survival.

Summary
Despite reduction in the rates of DGF by HMP, its effect on long-term renal and patient outcomes is not clearly known. There is limited clinical literature in the use of normothermic machine perfusion (NMP) but a few pilot studies have shown its potential to resuscitate commonly discarded kidneys. In addition to preservation, machine perfusion also allows for various diagnostic and therapeutic interventions during the preservation period to assess and optimize the viability of the procured kidney.
Pediatric Colorectal Cancer: A Heterogenous Entity
Authors: Cortez-Pinto João , Claro Isabel , Francisco Inês , Lage Pedro , Filipe Bruno , Rodrigues Paula , Chaves Paula , Albuquerque Cristina , Dias Pereira António 
Published: June 2019

Introduction:
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is extremely rare in pediatric age. A poor outcome has been reported.

Aims:
We aimed to characterize a group of pediatric CRC patients.

Materials and Methods:
All patients with CRC below 18 years old registered in our Familial Cancer Risk Clinic (2002-2016) were included. Clinical and histologic features were evaluated. Germline mutations, microsatellite instability, and DNA mismatch repair proteins expression were analyzed.

Results:
Five patients were included (3 males; mean age at diagnosis: 14.2 years (range, 9 to 17 y) and 4/5 had family history of cancer in second-degree relatives. With a maximum follow-up of 5.6 years, 2/5 patients died after 10 and 24 months, and 1 recurred after 15 months. All tumors were ≥pT3N2 and 3/5 presented signet ring cells/mucinous histology, corresponding to cases with stronger family history of cancer. Nevertheless, all CRCs analyzed (n=4) were microsatellite stable and/or expressed all mismatch repair proteins. Loss of heterozygosity for the 3 Bethesda dinucleotide markers was detected in 1/3 informative CRCs. A likely pathogenic germline MSH2 mutation was identified in only 1 patient.

Conclusions:
Pediatric CRC presented advanced disease and poor prognosis. These tumors had distinct histologic and molecular presentations, resembling features from different carcinogenic pathways, thus suggesting a heterogenous nature.
Measuring Community Mobility in Survivors of Stroke Using Global Positioning System Technology: A Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Hanke Timothy A. , Hwang Sungsoon , Keller Sarah , Zielke Donna , Hailey Tisha , Nathaniel Krumdick , Evans Christian C. 
Published: June 2019

Background and Purpose:
Returning to community mobility is important for people recovering from a stroke, yet few studies have directly measured this construct following inpatient rehabilitation. Using global positioning system (GPS) technology, we examined community mobility of survivors of stroke (SS) over the first year after discharge and compared them to an age-matched comparison group without neurological impairment.

Methods:
We conducted a prospective observational study that included SS (n = 14) and age- and location-matched comparison subjects (CS; n = 6). All participants identified target locations important to their community mobility goals and wore a GPS unit during the first, fifth and ninth weeks after discharge, or from baseline for CS, and at 26 and 52 weeks' follow up. The 6-minute walk test (SMWT), Berg balance test (BBT), Reintegration to Normal Living (RNLI), and Short Form-36 Quality of Life Survey Physical Functioning domain (SF-36-PF) were collected. Number of trips and percentage of targets visited were extracted from GPS data.

Results:
Twelve of 14 SS completed 9 weeks, 7 completed the full year, and no CS withdrew. The SS took fewer trips and attained fewer targets compared with CS at weeks 1 and 9, but not at weeks 5, 26, and 52. All 4 clinical outcome measures were significantly correlated to trips (Spearman r for SMWT = 0.5067, BBT = 0.3841, RNLI = 0.4119, and SF-36-PF = 0.4192).

Discussion and Conclusions:
Directly measured community mobility in SS was decreased through 9 weeks following discharge from inpatient rehabilitation. The limited strength of bivariate correlations between clinical measures and number of trips supported the uniqueness of the community mobility construct.

Video Abstract available for more insights from the authors (see Supplemental Digital Content 1, available at: http://links.lww.com/JNPT/A277).
Sudden Infant Death After Vaccination
Authors: Osawa Motoki , Nagao Ryoko , Kakimoto Yu , Kakiuchi Yasuhiro , Satoh Fumiko 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Sudden infant deaths might be attributable to adverse reaction to vaccination, but separating them from coincidental occurrences is difficult. This study retrospectively investigated vaccination-related details and postmortem findings for 57 cases of sudden death in children 2 years or younger. Data were extracted from autopsy files at the Department of Forensic Medicine, Tokai University School of Medicine. Vaccination histories were available in 50 cases based on the maternity passbook. Of the 32 cases in which any vaccines were administered, 7 infants (21.9%) had received immunization within 7 days of death. The most frequent vaccine cited as the last immunization before death was Haemophilus influenzae B. Although a temporal association of vaccines with sudden death was present for two 3-month-old and one 14-month-old infants in whom death occurred within 3 days of receiving the H. influenzae type b and other vaccinations, a definitive relationship between the vaccine and death could not be identified. Histopathological examinations revealed pneumonia and upper respiratory infection as contributing to death in their cases. Moreover, all 3 cases showed hemophagocytosis in the spleen and lymph nodes, which are similar features to hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis. Judgment of the disorders as truly related to vaccination is difficult, but suspicious cases do exist. Forensic pathologists must devote more attention to vaccination in sudden infant death cases.
Does Simian Virus 40 (SV40) Have a Role in UK Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma? No Role is Identified in a Sensitive RNA In Situ Hybridization Study on Potentially Affected Birth Cohorts
Authors: Alchami Fouad S. , Attanoos Richard L. , Gibbs Allen , Morgan Fiona , Jasani Bharat 
Published: June 2019

Background:
Simian virus 40 (SV40)-contaminated polio vaccine was accidentally administered to about one-third of the UK population receiving polio vaccines between 1956 and 1962. SV40 was subsequently demonstrated to be a carcinogenic virus in experimental and animal models. Since then, the SV40 oncogenic protein large T antigen (SV40 Tag) has been shown to cause malignant transformation of asbestos-treated human pleural mesothelial cells and malignant pleural mesotheliomas in asbestos-exposed SV40 Tag transgenic mice. The present study was designed to investigate the possible association of SV40 Tag with human malignant pleural mesothelioma samples from birth cohorts of the UK population exposed to combined peak levels of asbestos and SV40-contaminated polio vaccines.

Materials and Methods:
Tumor and background lung tissue microarrays prepared from archival surgical specimens of 139 pleural mesothelioma cases, collected over a period of 8 years (1998 to 2005), were analyzed. These represented birth cohorts overlapping with the period 1950 to 1960, exposed to a high level of both asbestos and SV40-contaminated live polio vaccines. SV40 Tag mRNA expression was investigated using a highly sensitive and specific SV40 Tag RNA in situ hybridization detection method on the basis of the novel RNAscope technology.

Results:
SV40 Tag RNA was not detected in any of the 127 evaluable tumor cases, despite appropriate results obtained for the external positive and negative controls included.

Conclusion:
The complete absence of SV40 Tag mRNA in this large series of cases contradicts experimental evidence suggestive of SV40 link with asbestos-exposed malignant pleural mesotheliomas in the UK population. Alternative explanations of the negative findings are discussed to exclude possible confounding factors.
Comparison of 11C-Choline and 11C-Methionine PET/CT in Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Lapa Constantin , Kircher Malte , Da Via Matteo , Schreder Martin , Rasche Leo , Kortüm K. Martin , Einsele Hermann , Buck Andreas K. , Hänscheid Heribert , Samnick Samuel 
Published: June 2019

Purpose
PET/CT with both 11C-choline and 11C-methionine has recently been reported to offer advantages over 18F-FDG for imaging in multiple myeloma (MM). The aim of this study was to directly compare the diagnostic performance of both non-FDG radiotracers in MM patients.

Methods
Nineteen patients with a history of MM (n = 18) or solitary bone plasmacytoma (n = 1) underwent both 11C-choline and 11C-methionine PET/CT for diagnostic imaging. In this retrospective analysis, scans were compared on a patient and on a lesion basis. In 12 patients, respective tracer uptake in the iliac crest was correlated with the extent of malignant bone marrow plasma cell infiltration.

Results

11C-methionine detected more intramedullary MM lesions in 8 (42.1%) of 19 patients. In the remainder (11/19 [57.9%]), both 11C-choline and 11C-methionine provided equal results. 11C-methionine demonstrated higher lesion-to-muscle ratios (P = 0.0001). In the 12 patients in whom a recent bone marrow biopsy was available, SUVmean as well as SUVmax correlated significantly with the degree of malignant plasma cell infiltration for both 11C-methionine (SUVmean: r = 0.85, P < 0.001; SUVmax: r = 0.82, P = 0.001) and 11C-choline (SUVmean: r = 0.72, P < 0.008; SUVmax: r = 0.73; P = 0.006).

Conclusions
Our data suggest that 11C-methionine PET/CT might be more sensitive than 11C-choline PET/CT for the detection of active MM lesions.
Favorable Response After Only One Cycle of Peptide Receptor Radionuclide Therapy With 177Lu-DOTATATE in a Patient With Metastatic Merkel Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Moghadam Soroush Zarehparvar , Divband Ghasemali , Shakeri Sara , Aryana Kamran 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
A 77-year-old man with a history of metastatic Merkel cell carcinoma and debilitating painful cutaneous lesions was referred to our nuclear medicine department for peptide receptor radionuclide therapy with 177Lu-DOTATATE as ultimate therapeutic option. Post-treatment whole body scan showed multiple zones of 177Lu-DOTATATE uptake in the metastatic regions, which revealed significant improvement within the next 10 days of therapy. Peptide receptor radionuclide therapy in metastatic Merkel cell carcinoma is an effective therapeutic option that should be considered in earlier stages of the disease.