bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Examining Resiliency in Adolescent Refugees Through the Tree of Life Activity
Authors: Stark Marcella D. , Quinn Brandy P. , Hennessey Katharine A. , Rutledge Amanda A. , Hunter Allison K. , Gordillo Paola K. 
Published: June 2019

Grounded in both resiliency science and positive youth development, the research team set out to understand the strengths and resources of adolescent refugees living in northeast Texas. In coordination with a local refugee services agency, members of the research team conducted the Tree of Life activity with 16 participants ranging in age from 13 to 20 years. Identifying 16 codes in the qualitative analyses of participants’ drawings, they organized these codes into 3 themes: self-efficacy, values, and relationships. The authors recommend the use of Tree of Life and other creative arts activities to facilitate the discovery of strengths and resources in adolescent refugees, by which they may progress beyond survival of adversity to resiliency and thriving.
Lighting the Streets, Alleys, and Parks of the Smoky City, 1816–1930
Authors: Tarr Joel 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACT
During the nineteenth century, Pittsburgh transitioned from a city offering minimal services to one providing services largely through networked infrastructures. Among these were street lights fueled by coal gas produced by manufactured gas plants and distributed by pipelines and later by electrical lines. Because of fuel and construction costs, manufactured gas provision was expensive and uneven, and gas networks were confined to business sectors and affluent neighborhoods. To provide light to poorly served or dark areas such as alleys, parks, and suburbs, off-grid stand-alone lamps fueled by gasoline and naphtha byproducts of petroleum distillation often supplied illumination. Pittsburgh was one of the first large cities to utilize these stand-alone gasoline street lamps. This article will discuss the history of Pittsburgh street lighting, emphasizing the role played by gas and gas products.
A preliminary study on diabetes self-management education and glycemic control among patients with diabetes mellitus
Authors: G. Kisokanth , J. Indrakumar , S. Prathapan , J. Joseph , I.M.P.S. Ilankoon 
Published: June 2019

This study was aimed to assess the effectiveness of diabetes self-management education (DSME) in the improvement of glycemic control among patients with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) in Batticaloa District, Sri Lanka. The study was a prospective interventional study and conducted as a preliminary study at medical clinic, Base hospital, Kaluwanchikudy, Batticaloa. Thirty patients with T2DM were included based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. A structured individual diabetes self-management education for 10 hours (one hour per week) was delivered to diabetic patients by the trained Nurse Health Educator. Glycosylate hemoglobin (HbA1c) was assessed as a main outcome measure and Fasting Blood Sugar (FBS), Body Mass Index (BMI) of each patient were also measured and recorded before and after the intervention. The respondent rate was 96.7% (n = 29). Majority of them were females (n = 25, 86.2%). A Wilcoxon signed rank test showed that DSME had a statistically significant reduction in HbA1c [8.60 (IQR 2.60) vs. 7.40 (IQR 2.10), p = .000] and FBS level [159.00 (IQR 77.50) vs. 134.00 (IQR 40.50), p = .002] at 3 months of intervention. The mean BMI at baseline was higher compared to 3 months of intervention [24.88 (SD ± 3.06) vs. 24.19 (SD ± 2.79)] which was statistically significant (p = .000). Majority of participants (n = 22, 75.9%) had improved their HbA1c level by ≥ 0.5% in 3 months. The diabetes self-management education is an effective measure in improving glycemic control and other clinical parameters among patients with T2DM. Thus, DSME needs to be implemented among clinic patients with T2DM for the better outcome and the preventions of complications.
Comparison of first-year grade point average and national board scores between alternative admission track students in a chiropractic program who took or did not take preadmission science courses
Authors: Manrique Carissa J. , Giggleman Gene 
Published: June 2019

Objective:
We compared first-year cumulative grade point average and a composite score on part I of the National Board of Chiropractic Examiners (NBCE) exam for first-year alternative admission track program (AATP) students who did and did not take three specific undergraduate courses: general chemistry, organic chemistry, and anatomy and physiology.

Methods:
All AATP students in 2015 (n = 50) were evaluated for the course history of general chemistry and anatomy and physiology compared to their first-year cumulative grade point average and NBCE part 1 scores using independent t-tests.

Results:
Students in the AATP who took general chemistry tended to score higher overall on the NBCE exams (p = .038, r = .229). Organic chemistry and anatomy and physiology had no statistical effect on improving board scores. First-year cumulative grade point average seemed to be unaffected by any of the undergraduate courses evaluated.

Conclusion:
There was a statistically significant difference in composite NBCE part 1 score between AATP students who had and had not taken general chemistry 1 before admission. There were no differences in first-year GPA between AATP students who had and had not taken undergraduate chemistry and A&P courses.
Survey of Subjective Skills of Physical Examination of Children by Nurses and Related Factors in Children's Therapeutic Education Center in Rasht, Iran
Authors: Mirhoseini Seyedeh Soghra , Yaghoubi Yasaman , Mirzaei Mahshid , Lili Ehsan Kazamnajad 
Published: June 2019

Background and Aim: Since mental skills of nurses are effective on the quality of their activities, this research was conducted with the aim of determining the mental skills of physical examinations of children by nurses and related agents at the Children's Medical Education Center in Rasht.
Methods: The current cross sectional study was performed on 127 female nurses working in pediatric wards of the 17th Shahrivar hospital in Rasht in 2018 by enumeration sampling method. A valid and reliable questionnaire comprised of two sections of demographic information and information for physical examination of children was used. Data were analyzed by SPSS software v.21. P value less than 0.05 was considered significant.
Results: The highest number of nurses (71.7%) had a moderate mental skills. There were a significant relationship between the mean of mental skills with the service ward (p <0.001), interest in the current service ward (p = 0.031), and the history of retraining related to health status assessment (p = 0.034). While, there were not a significant relationship between the mean of mental skills with age (p = 0.847), total score at graduation date (p = 0.052), marital status (p = 0.812), number of children (p = 0.501), educational status (p = 0.797), employment status (p = 0.505), classification of clinical experience (p = 0.644), classification of work experience in the current ward (p = 0.127), shift work (p = 0.443), the degree of interest in the current field and job (p = 0.439).
Conclusion: The results of this study indicated that the nurses had moderate mental skills, which the mean of mental skills were related to the total score at the date of graduation, the name of the service ward, the level of interest in the current ward and the history of retraining related to health status assessment. Therefore, considering the factors affecting the mental skills, this skill can be increased, which should be considered in future researches.
Targeting of CXCR1 on Osteosarcoma Circulating Tumor Cells and Precise Treatment via Cisplatin Nanodelivery
Authors: Han Xiu‐guo , Yang Sheng‐bing , Mo Hui‐min , Wang Min‐qi , Zhou Feng , Li Han‐jun , Qiao Han , Mei Jing‐tian , Wang Yong‐jie , Cheng Ya‐wen , Liu Xu‐qiang , Du Lin , Dong Yang , Tang Ting‐ting 
Published: June 2019

AbstractMetastasis and chemotherapy resistance are the key factors affecting the effectiveness of osteosarcoma (OS) treatments. CXCR1 overexpression is found to be closely related to chemotherapy resistance and anoikis resistance in OS cell subtypes with high metastasis potential. Further study demonstrates that CXCR1 is highly expressed on circulating tumor cell (CTC)‐derived cells with cancer stem cell characteristics. Then, a CXCR1 targeting peptide is designed and synthesized to competitively inhibit the IL‐8/CXCR1 pathway and to improve the cisplatin sensitivity of CTCs. Fluorescence‐labeled magnetic nanoparticles (NPs) with pH‐responsive cisplatin release are fabricated and linked with the CXCR1 targeting peptide (Cis@MFPPC). Results demonstrate that CTC survival could be inhibited effectively by the targeting nanoparticles in vivo. Cis@MFPPC can also inhibit OS growth and pulmonary metastasis in an orthotopic model and patient‐derived tumor xenograft model. This study verifies the clinical significance of CXCR1 as a therapeutic target and provides a drug delivery NP system for precise treatment of OS.
A Stretchable Terahertz Parabolic‐Shaped Metamaterial
Authors: Xu Zefeng , Lin Yu‐Sheng 
Published: June 2019

AbstractA stretchable parabolic‐shaped metamaterial (PSM) coated onto polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) is proposed and demonstrated for operation in the terahertz (THz) frequency range. By stretching the PDMS‐based PSM device along different directions, ultranarrowband, polarization dependent, switchable optical characteristics are obtained. By stretching the PSM width and length in the transverse electric (TE) and transverse magnetic (TM) modes, resonant tuning ranges of 0.55 and 0.32 THz, respectively, are demonstrated for the PSM device. In these deformation ranges, the Q‐factors of the PSM device for different widths and lengths are quite stable and maintained in the range of 9 to 14 for the TE mode, with a high Q‐factor of 50 obtained at resonance for the TM mode. The integration of the PSM on a mechanically deformable PDMS substrate provides potential for use in flexible electronics applications. Furthermore, the PSM device exhibits single‐/dual‐band switching and polarization switching characteristics. These multifunctional states for the PSM device can be determined by mechanical inputs to represent binary digits that can then be used to perform logic operations. Such a stretchable PSM device offers an effective approach for the realization of programmable metamaterials with enhanced optical‐mechanical performance due to its high flexibility, applicability, and cost‐effectiveness.
Shaping Resonant Light Confinement and Optoelectronic Spectra Using Strain in Hierarchical Multiscale Structures
Authors: Krishnaswamy Jagdish Anakkavoor , Panidhara Kumar Molahalli , Satyanarayana Sandeep B. , Ramamurthy Praveen Chandrashekarapura , Mahapatra Debiprosad Roy , Hegde Gopalkrishna 
Published: June 2019

AbstractHierarchically structured optical materials have been a topic of intriguing research interest due to the possibility of tailoring material properties beyond the limits of bulk continuum material design. Here, an optical confinement phenomenon in a hierarchically structured waveguide platform consisting of alternating clusters of nanostructured and planar microscale domains is demonstrated. An unconventional self‐assembly‐based strain‐assisted nanomolding process is developed to fabricate these hierarchically structured multiperiodic waveguides. Further, these hierarchically patterned waveguides are used as substrates for solution‐processed photodetectors. The optical confinement occurring due to the nanoscale scattering and the wavelength‐dependent interaction between the planar and structured microdomains leads to an improved uniformity in the optoelectronic spectral response of these photodetectors. Furthermore, by tuning the multiperiodicity within the nanostructured domain structure, using a mechanical strain of 20%, an improvement of around 10% in the uniformity of the optoelectronic spectral response of the photodetectors is demonstrated. Simulations further show that these processes arise only in the presence of a hierarchical structure, due to multiscale interaction, through wavelength‐selective coupling of scattered light from nanostructured domains to the planar microdomains. In summary, hierarchical structures can address optoelectronic problems that cannot be addressed by simpler structures.
Rhodium(III)‐Catalyzed Regioselective C−H Activation/Annulation for the Diverse Pyrazole‐Core Substituted Furans
Authors: Cai Hongyun , Thombal Raju S. , Li Xin , Lee Yong Rok 
Published: June 2019

AbstractA novel and facile regioselective synthetic method for polyfunctionalized furans involving rhodium(III)‐catalyzed pyrazole‐ or indazole‐directed dual C−H functionalization with diazodicarbonyls has been developed. This strategy provides rapid access to diverse tetrasubstituted furans bearing various pyrazoles or indazoles. This unprecedented one‐pot protocol proceeds via cascade C−H activation, metal‐carbene formation, migratory insertion, intramolecular cyclization, and deprotonation.magnified image
Gender‐based Harassment of Emergency Medicine Trainees: What Faculty Educators Need to Know
Authors: Jung Dawn 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThere is increased interest in workplace harassment as reports of improper workplace conduct have surfaced among multiple industries and governments. Accounts of sexual misconduct in academic medical centers also highlight the need for further education and training for faculty educators. The purpose of this paper is to provide faculty educators with the tools to recognize and respond to gender‐based harassment of medical trainees. More specifically, we will review existing literature, the definition of gender‐based harassment, federal laws, institutional reporting protocols, and retaliation toward reporters of harassing behavior.
Workplace violence victimization in young workers: An analysis of the US National Crime Victimization Survey, 2008 to 2012
Authors: Toussaint Maisha , Ramirez Marizen R. , Peek‐Asa Corinne , Saftlas Audrey , Casteel Carri 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this study was to measure the frequency of workplace violence (WPV) victimization in 16 to 24‐year olds in the United States and compare rates by occupation and demographics.MethodsAs an open cohort, participants 12 years or older in the National Crime Victimization Survey were interviewed at 6‐month intervals over a 3‐year period from 2008 to 2012. WPV victimization rates were calculated. Weighted, multilevel Poisson regression was used to compare WPV victimization rates by occupation and demographics.ResultsThe rate of WPV victimization was 1.11 incidents per 1000 employed person‐months (95% confidence interval: 0.95‐1.27). The highest rates of WPV were in protective service occupations (5.24/1000 person‐months), transportation (3.04/1000 person‐months), and retail sales (2.29/1000 person‐months). Compared with their respective counterparts, lower rates of WPV victimization were found among younger, black, and rural/suburban workers.ConclusionsFindings identify occupations and target populations in need of future research and evidence‐based interventions to improve the working conditions for young workers.
Administration of antineoplastic drugs and fecundity in female nurses
Authors: Nassan Feiby L. , Lawson Christina C. , Gaskins Audrey J. , Johnson Candice Y. , Boiano James M. , Rich‐Edwards Janet W. , Chavarro Jorge E. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackgroundWe examined the association between the administration of antineoplastic drugs (AD) and fecundity among female nurses.MethodsAD administration and use of exposure controls (EC) such as gloves, gowns, and needleless systems were self‐reported at baseline among 2649 participants of the Nurses’ Health Study 3, who were actively attempting pregnancy. Every 6 months thereafter, the nurses reported the current duration of their pregnancy attempt. Multivariable accelerated failure time models were used to estimate time ratios (TR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) adjusted for age, race, body mass index, smoking, marital status, hours of work, and other occupational risk factors.ResultsMean (standard deviation) age and BMI at baseline were 30.7 years (4.7) and 26.0 kg/m2 (6.4). Forty‐one percent of nurses reported ever administering AD; 30% only in the past and 11% currently. The former administration of AD (TR = 1.02, 95% CI, 0.93‐1.12) was unrelated to the ongoing duration of pregnancy attempt. Among nurses currently administering AD, those who had administered AD for 6 years and above had a 27% (95% CI, 6%‐53%) longer duration of pregnancy attempt than nurses who never handled ADs in unadjusted analyses. This difference disappeared in multivariable analyses (TR = 1.01, 95% CI, 0.85‐1.21). 93% (n = 270) of the nurses currently administering ADs reported consistent use of EC. These nurses had a similar median duration of pregnancy attempt to those who never handled AD (TR = 1.00, 95% CI, 0.87‐1.15).ConclusionsAdministration of ADs did not appear to have an impact on fecundity in a cohort of nurses planning for pregnancy with a high prevalence of consistent ECs. Our results may not be generalizable to women who are less compliant with PPE use or with less availability to ECs. Therefore, it is possible that we did not observe an association between occupational exposure to AD and reduced fecundity because of lower exposure due to the more prevalent use of effective ECs.
Chiral Bicyclic Imidazole‐Catalyzed Direct Enantioselective C‐Acylation for the Synthesis of 2‐Oxindoles Bearing a Quaternary Stereocenter
Authors: Zhang Lu , Wang Mo , Zhou Muxing , Zhang Zhenfeng , Muraoka Masahiro , Zhang Wanbin 
Published: June 2019

AbstractA direct enantioselective C‐acylation of N‐protected 3‐substituted‐2‐oxindoles has been developed for the synthesis of chiral N‐protected 2‐oxindoles bearing a 3‐acyl‐substituted quaternary stereocenter. Catalyzed by a chiral bicyclic imidazole organocatalyst, the target compounds were synthesized with high reactivity, good enantioselectivity of up to 88% ee, and low catalyst loading of down to 1 mol%.
Phase Regulation Strategy of Perovskite Nanocrystals from 1D Orthomorphic NH4PbI3 to 3D Cubic (NH4)0.5Cs0.5Pb(I0.5Br0.5)3 Phase Enhances Photoluminescence
Authors: Wang Chao , Liu Yue , Feng Xia , Zhou Chenyang , Liu Yalan , Yu Xi , Zhao Guangjiu 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThis work reports this first synthesis of 1D orthomorphic NH4PbI3 perovskite nanocrystals (NCs) considering the role of inorganic ammonium ions at the nanoscale. The addition of bromide ions at the halogen site did not improve the photoluminescence properties. Furthermore, the 3D cubic phase of (NH4)0.5Cs0.5Pb(I0.5Br0.5)3 NCs with bright photoluminescence was synthesized by adding Cs ions into the crystal lattice of (NH4)Pb(I0.5Br0.5)3. Moreover, the photophysical properties of different phase structures were studied using femtosecond transient absorption (FTA) spectroscopy. The ultrafast trap state capture process is a key factor in the change of photoluminescence properties and the cubic phase may be the best structure for photoluminescence. These results suggest that the ammonium ion perovskite (AIP) nanocrystals could be potential materials for optoelectronic applications through A‐site cation substitution.
Revealing the Distribution of Metal Carboxylates in Oil Paint from the Micro‐ to Nanoscale
Authors: Ma Xiao , Beltran Victoria , Ramer Georg , Pavlidis Georges , Parkinson Dilworth Y. , Thoury Mathieu , Meldrum Tyler , Centrone Andrea , Berrie Barbara H. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractOil paints comprise pigments, drying oils, and additives that together confer desirable properties, but can react to form metal carboxylates (soaps) that may damage artworks over time. To obtain information on soap formation and aggregation, we introduce a new tapping‐mode measurement paradigm for the photothermal induced resonance (PTIR) technique that enables nanoscale IR spectroscopy and imaging on highly heterogenous and rough paint thin sections. PTIR is used in combination with μ‐computed tomography and IR microscopy to determine the distribution of metal carboxylates in a 23‐year old oil paint of known formulation. Results show that heterogeneous agglomerates of Al‐stearate and a Zn‐carboxylate complex with Zn‐stearate nano‐aggregates in proximity are distributed randomly in the paint. The gradients of zinc carboxylates are unrelated to the Al‐stearate distribution. These measurements open a new chemically sensitive nanoscale observation window on the distribution of metal soaps that can bring insights for understanding soap formation in oil paint.
Mercury Cyanides and Isocyanides: NCHgCN and CNHgNC as well as NCHgHgCN and CNHgHgNC: Simple Molecules with Short, Strong Hg−Hg Bonds
Authors: Andrews Lester , Cho Han‐Gook 
Published: June 2019

AbstractMercury atoms, laser‐ablated from an amalgam dental filling target, react with cyanogen in excess argon during condensation at 4 K to form two major products in the 2200 cyanide M−C−N stretching region of the IR spectrum, which were assigned to NCHgCN and NCHgHgCN from their antisymmetric C−N stretching mode absorptions at 2213.8 and 2180.1 cm−1. Two broader bands in the isocyanide region at 2098.2 and 2089.6 cm−1 were assigned to CNHgNC and CNHgHgNC. The N‐bonded isomers were computed to be 603/33 and 823/69 times more intense IR absorbers than the C‐bonded isomers at the CCSD level of theory. The dissociation energy for the NCHg−HgCN molecule into two HgCN molecules was calculated to be 296 kJ mol−1 and that for CNHg−HgNC into two HgNC molecules is 304 kJ mol−1. These simple molecules with two cyanide or two isocyanide ligands have two of the shortest and strongest known Hg−Hg single bonds as the two electronegative CN ligands withdraw antibonding electron density from the bonding region.
The Proteome‐Wide Potential for Reversible Covalency at Cysteine
Authors: Senkane Kristine , Vinogradova Ekaterina V. , Suciu Radu M. , Crowley Vincent M. , Zaro Balyn W. , Bradshaw J. Michael , Brameld Ken A. , Cravatt Benjamin F. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractReversible covalency, achieved with, for instance, highly electron‐deficient olefins, offers a compelling strategy to design chemical probes and drugs that benefit from the sustained target engagement afforded by irreversible compounds, while avoiding permanent protein modification. Reversible covalency has mainly been evaluated for cysteine residues in individual kinases and the broader potential for this strategy to engage cysteines across the proteome remains unexplored. Herein, we describe a mass‐spectrometry‐based platform that integrates gel filtration with activity‐based protein profiling to assess cysteine residues across the human proteome for both irreversible and reversible interactions with small‐molecule electrophiles. Using this method, we identify numerous cysteine residues from diverse protein classes that are reversibly engaged by cyanoacrylamide fragment electrophiles, revealing the broad potential for reversible covalency as a strategy for chemical‐probe discovery.