bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Surgical Clipping of a Petrosal Tentorial Dural Arteriovenous Fistula (Lawton's Type 5)
Authors: Ros de San Pedro Javier , Cuartero-Pérez Beatriz 
Published: November 2018

Objectives To demonstrate the surgical clipping of a lateral petrosal tentorial dural arteriovenous fistula (DAVF), located in the cerebellopontine angle (CPA), through a retrosigmoid approach.
Method A previously healthy 49-year-old man presented a sudden episode of headache, photophobia, and dizziness. Due to the persistence of his symptoms despite proper analgesic treatment, he sought medical attention. The initial computed tomography (CT) scan showed a hyperdense lesion in the left CPA. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) demonstrated the vascular nature of the lesion, corresponding to an engorged superior petrosal vein (SPV) and Rosenthal's vein. The preoperative angiography showed a lateral tentorial DAVF (Lawton's type 5), fed by multiple transpetrous branches coming off the external carotid artery, and draining into the SPV. A standard retrosigmoid approach was planned for clipping and exclusion of the DAVF.
Results Through a left retrosigmoid craniotomy the DAVF was approached, along with the different neurovascular structures of the CPA. The DAVF originated at the tentorial petrosal junction. The fistulous vein was closely attached to the trigeminal nerve and the anterior inferior cerebellar artery (AICA). The fistulous vein was dissected and clipped close to its base at the lateral tentorium, achieving complete occlusion of the DAVF. The patient fully recovered after surgery with neither relapse of his symptoms nor postoperative complications.
Conclusion The retrosigmoid craniotomy is the best surgical approach for lateral tentorial DAVFs, as it provides a direct way to the fistula origin and permits a successful clipping of the draining vein.The link to the video can be found at: https://youtu.be/Fj3uqrTPX5c.
Maternal Epidural Steroids to Prevent Neonatal Exposure to Hyperthermia and Inflammation
Authors: Goodier Christopher , Newman Roger , Hebbar Latha , Ross Julie , Schandl Cynthia , Goetzl Laura 
Published: November 2018

Background Epidural analgesia is associated with a fourfold increased rate of intrapartum fever. The likely pathophysiology is a noninfectious maternal inflammatory activation. Safe interventions to reduce maternal and neonatal exposures to intrapartum fever and inflammation are needed.
Objective The purpose of this study was to determine if prophylactic epidural steroids decrease fetal exposure to hyperthermia and inflammatory cytokines following epidural analgesia.
Study Design This is a randomized, double-blinded, placebo controlled trial. Term nulliparous women requesting epidural analgesia received 80 mg methylprednisolone or preservative-free normal saline via the epidural catheter at placement. The primary outcome was maternal temperature >100.4°F. Secondary outcomes included fetal exposure to inflammation as assessed by cord blood interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels and rates of funisitis. Power analysis estimated a sample size requirement of 276, but new Food and Drug Administration (FDA) recommendations advising a black box warning on epidural steroids resulted in early study termination.
Results A total of 116 subjects were enrolled: 58 treatments and 58 placebos. There was no difference in the rate of maternal intrapartum fever or cord blood IL-6 levels between treatment arms. No complications listed in the FDA warning occurred.
Conclusion Prophylactic epidural methylprednisolone was not effective in reducing intrapartum fever or neonatal inflammation following epidural analgesia. Alternate mechanisms and preventative strategies should be considered.
Induction of Labor for Maternal Indications at a Periviable Gestational Age; Survey on Management, Reporting and Auditing amongst Dutch Maternal-Fetal Medicine Specialists and Neonatologists
Authors: van Eerden Leonoor , de Groot Christianne , Page-Christiaens Godelieve , Pajkrt Eva , Zeeman Gerda , Bolte Antoinette 
Published: November 2018

Background In cases of life-threatening maternal conditions in the periviable period, professionals may consider immediate delivery with fetal demise as a consequence of the treatment. We sought the opinion of involved medical professionals on management, reporting, and auditing in these cases.
Methods We performed an online survey amongst all registered maternal-fetal medicine (MFM) specialists and neonatologists in the Netherlands. The survey presented two hypothetical cases of severe early-onset pre-eclampsia at periviable gestational ages. Management consisted of immediate termination or expectant management directed towards newborn survival.
Findings In the case managed by immediate termination, 62% percent answered that fetal demise resulting from induction of labor for maternal indications should be audited only within the medical profession. In the case of expectant management, 17% of the participants agreed with this management. Some answers revealed a significant difference in opinion between the medical specialists.
Conclusion Perspective of MFM specialists and neonatologists differs with regard to counseling prospect parents in case of severe early onset pre-eclampsia. The majority of professionals is willing to report late termination (after 24 weeks' gestation) for severe maternal disease to medical experts for internal audits but not for legal auditing.
Factors Associated with Previable Delivery following Second Trimester Rupture of Membranes
Authors: Panzer Alexis , Dotters-Katz Sarah , Smid Marcela , Boggess Kim , Manuck Tracy 
Published: November 2018

Objective To identify factors associated with previable delivery in second trimester preterm rupture of membranes (PROM).
Study Design We conducted a single-center retrospective cohort study of women with pregnancies complicated by second trimester PROM (14.0–21.9 weeks' gestation) from 2000 to 2015 who elected expectant pregnancy management and achieved at least 24 hours latency. Maternal characteristics and clinical factors were compared among pregnancies that reached viability (≥ 23.0 weeks) and pregnancies delivered before viability (< 23.0 weeks) using appropriate statistical methods.
Results Of 73 pregnancies complicated by second trimester PROM, 49 (67%) delivered before viability. Maternal race, history of preterm birth, and tobacco use were similar between women who delivered < 23 weeks versus ≥ 23 weeks. Gestational age at PROM, cervical dilation > 1cm, Group B streptococcus carrier status, bacterial vaginosis, and chlamydial infection during pregnancy were similar between groups. Median time to delivery was significantly shorter in women who delivered < 23 weeks compared with those who reached ≥ 23 weeks (6 vs. 46 days, p < 0.01).
Conclusion Previable delivery occurred in the majority of women with second trimester PROM. No maternal or clinical factors were associated with delivery prior to viability. Counseling women with second trimester PROM should include the inability to determine which pregnancies will reach viability.
Approach Selection and Surgical Planning in Posterior Cranial Fossa Meningiomas: How I Do It
Authors: Beer-Furlan André , Vellutini Eduardo A. , Gomes Marcos Q. T. , Cardoso Alberto C. , Prevedello Luciano M. , Todeschini Alexandre B. , Prevedello Daniel M. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractPosterior cranial fossa meningiomas represent approximately 9% of all the intracranial meningiomas. Despite the recent reports of radiation therapy in the management of these tumors, surgical resection continues to be the first line of treatment method aiming the permanent meningioma eradication. The evolution of imaging studies improved the preoperative evaluation of meningiomas providing greater anatomical detail of small structures not previously visualized. Nonetheless, the preoperative radiological evaluation should go beyond the differential diagnosis of a posterior fossa tumor. Anatomo-radiological assessment of meningiomas is discussed in detail. Based on our clinical experience, literature review, and case illustration, we highlight important preoperative anatomo-radiological aspects of posterior fossa meningiomas and their implications in the surgical management of these tumors.
Interviewing for accountability
Authors: Rivers Damian J. , Ross Andrew S. 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
During the National Policy Institute’s national conference in Washington D.C. on Saturday November 19th, 2016, Richard Spencer
delivered a speech in praise of the election victory of President Donald Trump. Shortly after the conference, Spencer was an
invited guest on the News One Now programme in which he participated in a 32-minute interview with black
journalist, host and managing editor Roland Martin. Drawing attention to the ideological aspects of the Martin/Spencer interview
performance, we adopt the analytical lens of the Discourse-Historical Approach (DHA) to Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) (Musolff 2014; Reisigl and Wodak 2009; Wodak 2001, 2009) to explore argumentation as
a discursive strategy through topoi or argumentative warrants (Reisigl and
Wodak 2009; Wodak 2009, 2011,
2015; Wodak and Boukala 2015).
The facilitator’s communicative actions to construct meetings in a semi-informal educational
context
Authors: Vasilyeva Alena L. 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
The study examines how interactivity is constructed in the course of multi-person interaction in a semi-informal
educational context. The audio-recordings of seven meetings of a female discussion club in Belarus and their transcripts
serve as interactional data. The club was organized with a goal of providing a platform for females to engage in
intellectual discussions in an informal setting. The study takes the communication design approach and uses discourse
analysis. The analysis of the audio recordings and the transcripts is guided by the following question: how the
participants’ use of linguistic and interactional resources contributes to the construction of a meeting. The particular
attention is paid to the facilitator’s communicative actions to shape interaction and their local context.
Optimal spaces and hyphens
Authors: Symanczyk Joppe Vilma 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe paper deals with the insertion of spaces and hyphens in German. It summarizes the existing optimality-theoretic approach and extends it to capture the use of hyphens. Hyphenation is often excluded in the literature on the writing of complex words, as forms with hyphens are thought to be mere variants of solid forms. The paper offers an alternative view in which hyphens are treated as an intermediate form between solid and open forms and are placed as a result of conflict between constraints which demand or forbid insertion of spaces. The analysis focuses on the products of nominal compounding, which is one of the most productive processes of word formation in German. Firstly, it is shown for which types of compounds hyphenation is optional and obligatory according to the official rules of orthography. Based on this, constraints are postulated, which do not only decide in which cases hyphenation is allowed but also in which positions the hyphens must be placed in the respective compound. Finally, the hyphenation of phrasal compounds and other complex compounds is modeled.
Understory Bird Community of An Oil Palm Plantation in Central Kalimantan
Authors: Mulyani Y A , Kaban A , Hadi N K , Tirtaningytas F N , Ramadhan G F 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
The implementation of High Conservation Value (HCV) area in oil palm plantation in Indonesia has caused the occurrence of remnant natural areas within oil palm landscape. Such forest remnants increase habitat heterogeneity that is important to maintain biodiversity in oil palm plantation including birds. Understory birds are the most prone to habitat degradation compared to other bird group species. This study aims at examining understory bird community in an oil palm plantation with different distance from HCV area. Mist nets were set up in June 2014 and January/February 2015 in areas adjacent to HCV area and 1 km from the HCV area. A total of 24 species from 13 families were caught in the mist nests. The highest bird diversity (S=14; H’=2.14) were recorded in location adjacent to HCV area in June 2014. Most birds captured were insectivores. However, based on the number of individuals, the understory bird community in oil palm plantation was dominated by frugivores from the family of Pycnonotidae. Brood patch was detected in birds found in both locations indicating use of the habitat for breeding.
Detection of Mild Cognitive Impairment Among Community-Dwelling African Americans Using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment
Authors: Rossetti Heidi C , Smith Emily E , Hynan Linda S , Lacritz Laura H , Cullum C Munro , Van Wright Aaron , Weiner Myron F 
Published: November 2018

Abstract

Objective
To establish a cut score for the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) that distinguishes mild cognitive impairment (MCI) from normal cognition (NC) in a community-based African American (AA) sample.

Methods
A total of 135 AA participants, from a larger aging study, diagnosed MCI (n = 90) or NC (n = 45) via consensus diagnosis using clinical history, Clinical Dementia Rating score, and comprehensive neuropsychological testing. Logistic regression models utilized sex, education, age, and MoCA score to predict MCI versus NC. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis determined a cut score to distinguish MCI from NC based on optimal sensitivity, specificity, diagnostic accuracy, and greatest perpendicular distance above the identity line. ROC results were compared with previously published MoCA cut scores.

Results
The MCI group was slightly older (MMCI = 64.76[5.87], MNC = 62.33[6.76]; p = .033) and less educated (MMCI = 13.07[2.37], MNC = 14.36[2.51]; p = .004) and had lower MoCA scores (MMCI=21.26[3.85], MNC = 25.47[2.13]; p &lt; .001) than the NC group. Demographics were non-significant in regression models. The area under the curve (AUC) was significant (MoCA = .83, p &lt; .01) and an optimal cut score of &lt;24 maximized sensitivity (72%), specificity (84%), and provided 76% diagnostic accuracy. In comparison, the traditional cut score of &lt;26 had higher sensitivity (84%), similar accuracy (76%), but much lower specificity (58%).

Conclusions
This study provides a MoCA cut score to help differentiate persons with MCI from NC in a community-dwelling AA sample. A cut score of &lt;24 reduces the likelihood of misclassifying normal AA individuals as impaired than the traditional cut score. This study underscores the importance of culturally appropriate norms to optimize the utility of commonly used cognitive screening measures.
Sequence kernel association test for survival outcomes in the presence of a non-susceptible fraction
Authors: Lakhal-Chaieb Lajmi , Simard Jacques , Bull Shelley 
Published: November 2018

SummaryIn this work, we propose a single nucleotide polymorphism set association test for survival phenotypes in the presence of a non-susceptible fraction. We consider a mixture model with a logistic regression for the susceptibility indicator and a proportional hazards regression to model survival in the susceptible group. We propose a joint test to assess the significance of the genetic variant in both logistic and survival regressions simultaneously. We adopt the spirit of SKAT and conduct a variance-component test treating the genetic effects of multiple variants as random. We derive score-type test statistics, and we investigate several approaches to compute their $p$-values. The finite-sample properties of the proposed tests are assessed and compared to existing approaches by simulations and their use is illustrated through an application to ovarian cancer data from the Consortium of Investigators of Modifiers of BRCA1 and BRCA2.
A Community Choir Intervention to Promote Well-Being Among Diverse Older Adults: Results From the Community of Voices Trial
Authors: Johnson Julene K , Stewart Anita L , Acree Michael , Nápoles Anna M , Flatt Jason D , Max Wendy B , Gregorich Steven E 
Published: November 2018

AbstractObjectivesTo test effects of the Community of Voices choir intervention on the health, well-being, and health care costs of racial/ethnically diverse older adults.MethodTwelve Administration-on-Aging-supported senior centers were cluster randomized into two groups: the intervention group started the choir immediately and a wait-list control group began the choir 6 months later. The choir program was designed for community-dwelling adults aged 60 years and older. The multimodal intervention comprises activities that engage participants cognitively, physically, and socially. Outcome measures assessed these three domains as well as health care utilization and costs. The intention-to-treat comparison was at 6 months.ResultsThe sample (N = 390) had a mean age of 71.3 years (SD = 7.2); 65% were nonwhite. Six-month retention was 92%. Compared to controls, intervention group members experienced significantly greater improvements in loneliness (p = .02; standardized effect size [ES = 0.34] and interest in life (p = .008, ES = 0.39). No significant group differences were observed for cognitive or physical outcomes or for health care costs.DiscussionFindings support adoption of community choirs for reducing loneliness and increasing interest in life among diverse older adults. Further efforts need to examine the mechanisms by which engagement in choirs improves aspects of well-being and reduces health disparities among older adults, including potential longer-term effects.ClinicalTrials.gov RegistrationNCT01869179 registered January 9, 2013.
The dismembered collection of antiquities of Lowther Castle
Authors: Fadda Salvatore 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
From 1842 until his death in 1872, Sir William Lowther, 2nd Earl of Lonsdale, gathered a remarkable collection of ancient works of art. The collection was displayed in two galleries added to his manor for this purpose in 1866. Of the great assemblage, acquired through the dismemberment of previous British collections, little information has come down to our day. It was composed of more than 100 pieces of Egyptian, Etruscan, Greek, and mostly Roman sculpture, whose selection reflected the spirit of the collections of the ‘Golden Age of Dilettantism’ during the Victorian era. The collection, unusually for the time, also included a selection of Romano-British antiquities. The purpose of this paper is to give an overview of the formation and the dispersal of the collection and to clarify the cultural factors that determined the gathering of this eclectic assemblage of ancient objects.
Comparative Evaluation of Commercial Concentration Procedures for Human Intestinal Parasite Detection
Authors: Leméteil Denis , Gargala Gilles , Razakandrainibe Romy , Ballet Jean Jacques , Favennec Loic , Costa Damien 
Published: November 2018

AbstractBackgroundEffective stool concentration is essential in microscopically based diagnosis of human intestinal parasite infections.ObjectiveTo compare the performances of 4 concentration commercial kits and 1 homemade procedure in 96 clinical stool specimens that tested positive for the detection of 9 helminth and 8 protozoa parasites.MethodsThe presence or absence of parasite forms was microscopically determined under conditions of standard practice. Also, we established the accuracies, concentration factors, and extraction yields.ResultsNo difference was observed between procedures for preconcentration specimens that tested positive. However, for preconcentration specimens that tested negative, we discovered that the homemade procedure was the most effective, and 2 of the 4 commercial kits were discovered to be satisfactory for routine applications.ConclusionsFor all parasites, procedures with biphasic solvents exhibited higher performances than organic solvent-free procedures. For the first time, the effectiveness of commercial concentration kits has been evaluated on several common stool parasites, and the results suggest that improvement of commercial procedures is possible.
Evaluation software for effects produced by MOOC in mediums with different linguistically levels
Authors: Samoilă Cornel , Ursuţiu Doru , Jinga Vlad 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
MOOC appearance has produced, in a first phase, more discussions than contributions. Despite pessimistic opinions or those catastrophic foreseeing the end of the classic education by accepting MOOC, the authors consider that, as it is happening in all situations when a field is reformed, instead of criticism or catastrophic predictions, an assessment should be simply made. MOOC will not be better or worse if it is discussed and dissected but can be tested in action, perfected by results, or abandoned if it has no prospects. Without testing, no decision is valid. A similarity between the MOOC appearance and the appearance of the idea of flying machines heavier than air can be made. In the flight case, the first reaction was a strong negation (including at Academies level) and only performing the first independent flight with an apparatus heavier than air has shifted orientation from denial to contributions. So, practical tests clarified the battle between ideas. The authors of this article encourage the idea of testing–assessment and, therefore, imagined and proposed one software for quickly assess whether MOOC produces changes in knowledge, by simply transferring courses from ‘face-to-face’ environment into the virtual one. Among the methods of statistical analysis for student behavioral changes was chosen the Keppel method. It underpins the assessment method of this work being approached using both the version with one variable and also with three variables. It is intended that this attempts to pave the way for other series of rapid assessment regarding MOOC effects (using other statistical methods). We believe, that this is the only approach that can lead either to improve the system or to renunciation.
A Qualitative Exploration of Police Officers’ Experiences, Challenges, and Perceptions of Cybercrime
Authors: Hadlington Lee , Lumsden Karen , Black Alexandra , Ferra Fenia 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Victimization from cybercrime has increased exponentially over the past decade. Frontline police officers are dealing with a variety of crimes different than those existing in an era before the advent of digital technology. Frontline officers are expected to encourage members of the public to report such crimes, to investigate them, as well as keeping up-to-date with the latest developments in this ever-changing landscape. This study explored the issues that frontline officers are dealing with on a daily basis when it comes to cybercrime. Sixteen frontline police officers took part in focus groups exploring key questions around aspects of cybercrime. The key themes discussed in this article include the difficulty of defining what is cybercrime, the contrast between the speed of developments in cybercrime and the speed of investigation, and the ineffectiveness of current training. The results are discussed in the context of a need for clearer training information to be delivered to all officers and staff who come into contact with aspects of cybercrime.