bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Venezuelan Crisis and Brazil's South American Policy
Authors: Ribeiro Erik Herejk 
Published: May 2018

The political crisis in Venezuela is one of the most important regional developments for Brazil in 2016, along with its own domestic crisis and the presidency of macri in Argentina. michel Temer’s new government has showed a willingness to undertake changes in the foreign policy of Brazil. The Venezuelan crisis is a crucial variable to analyse the political realignments after years of gradual progress in south American regional integration. The position taken against maduro’s government symbolises a swerve towards uncertainty in mercosur and happens in the context of external pressure to sign inter-regional economic agreements. Unfortunately, the fragility of democracy is not an exclusive feature of Venezuela in south America, but a recurrent regional phenomenon. This intense political dispute has roots in the different economic models proposed for the region. in the 2000s Brazil reached a stable development path, called the Logistic state, which combines elements from neoliberalism and social developmentalism. Currently, the country needs to revitalise Mercosur and persuade the South American leaders on the benefits of regionalism over unrestrained globalisation. however, it is probable that the regional crisis will continue for the coming years. Thus, Brazil may progressively lose the position of regional leader and interlocutor with the outside world; and a disordered process of globalisation may permeate south America.
Obama's Latin America Policy: A Score Card
Authors: Zondi Sikhumbuzo 
Published: May 2018

According to Senator John McCain, “John F. Kennedy described the peoples of Latin America as the United States’ ‘firm and ancient friends, united by history and by the United States’ determination to advance the values of American civilization throughout the hemisphere’” (Kennedy 1962, quoted in McCain 2007, 30). Latin American countries make natural partners of the United States, despite the inattentive pollution of this relationship by previous administrations of the United States. However, from the moment he became America’s 44thpresident, Barack Obama expressed a policy towards Latin America that is centred on the idea of equal partnership and mutual engagement, by saying, “I know that promises of partnership have gone unfulfilled in the past. There would be no senior or junior partner to this new engagement; there is simply engagement based on mutual respect; common interests and shared values” (Obama 2009). This two-part analysis examines President Obama’s foreign policy legacy in Latin America looking at his change of strategy on U.S.-Cuba relations and the challenges that followed. The initial part will focus on the political and intellectual significance of ‘legacy’ as a study, then examine U.S. foreign policy shift from the Bush to the Obama administration. This first part of a two-part assessment concludes that despite Obama’s Latin America policy not living up to its full expectation, it was more pragmatic, cordial and multilateral towards Latin America than most American administrations to date.
Perbedaan minat belajar bimbingan dan konseling ditinjau dari metode pembelajaran student team achievement division
Authors: Indrawati Titik 
Published: May 2018

<p>Proses pembelajaran bimbingan dan konseling harus dilakukan secara dinamis mengikuti perkembangan teknologi informasi dan perkembangan anak di era teknologi yang semakin canggih. Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat perbedaan minat belajar bimbingan dan konseling ditinjau dari metode pembelajaran <em>Student Team Achievement Division </em>pada siswa SMP Negeri 2 Kota Madiun. Lokasi penelitian adalah SMP Negeri 2 Kota Madiun Tahun Pelajaran 2016/2017 semester I kelas VII G dan H dengan jumlah masing-masing kelas sebanyak 26 siswa. Desain penelitian adalah eksperimen kuasi <em>nonequivalent control group design</em><em>.</em> Teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah uji beda dengan pendekatan uji <em>independent sample t test. </em>Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai t test minat belajar dengan diasumsikan kedua varians tidak sama adalah -2,355 dengan probabilitas 0,023; maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada perbedaan yang signifikan antara rata-rata minat belajar antara kelas yang diberikan treatment pembelajaran STAD dengan kelas yang tidak diberi pembelajaran STAD.<br /><em><br />Abstrac<br />The process of counselling and guidance should be done dynamically, following the development of information technology and student development in the sophisticated era. The purpose of the research is to know the different level of student enthusiasm in counselling and guidance perceiving from Student Team Acheivment Division method in SMP Negeri 2 Madiun. The location of research is in SMP Negeri 2 Madiun in academic year 2016/2017, at first semester in class VII G and H each classconsists of 26 student. The research design is quasi experiment non-equivalent control group design. The analytical technique wich used is different test with the approach of independent sample t - test. The result of the resarch shows that the t – test score of student enthusiasm wich is assumed as different variants is -2,355 by 0,023 in probability; so it can be concluded that there are significant differance between the average of enthusiasm for the classs wich is given the treatment by STDA methot and the class wich isn’t given the method.</em><strong><em></em></strong></p>
Profil tingkat percaya diri siswa SMK Muhammadiyah kota Yogyakarta
Authors: Prasetiawan Hardi , Saputra Wahyu Nanda Eka 
Published: May 2018

Percaya diri merupakan aspek penting bagi siswa dalam mengembangkan potensinya. Percaya diri merupakan keyakinan seseorang terhadap segala aspek kelebihan yang dimilikinya dan keyakinan tersebut membuatnya merasa mampu untuk bisa mencapai berbagai tujuan di dalam hidupnya. Tujuan Penelitian ini untuk mengatasi rendahnya percaya diri siswa. Metode Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan penelitian ini adalah rancangan penelitian pengembangan (research and development). Penelitian ini direncakan akan dilaksanakan selama satu tahun. Penelitian ini menggunakan lima tahapan, yaitu (1) studi pendahuluan; (2) perencanaan penelitian; (3) pengembangan produk awal; (4) uji lapangan terbatas; dan (5) revisi hasil uji lapangan terbatas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari studi pendahuluan awal menunjukkan bahwa 6,72% siswa memiliki percaya diri kategori sangat tinggi, 23,04% siswa memiliki percaya diri kategori tinggi, 33,6% siswa memiliki percaya diri kategori sedang, 21,12% siswa memiliki percaya diri kategori rendah, dan 7,68% siswa memiliki percaya diri kategori sangat rendah. Seyogyanya hasil penelitian ini dapat menjadi panduan bagi konselor dalam upayanya meningkatkan percaya diri siswa.Â AbstractSelf confidence is an important aspect for students in developing their potential. Self-confidence is a person's belief in all aspects of the advantages it has and that belief makes it feel able to achieve the various goals in life. The purpose of this study is to overcome the low self-esteem of students. Methods This research using the design of this research is the design of research development (research and development). This study is planned to be implemented for one year. This study uses five stages, namely (1) preliminary study; (2) research planning; (3) early product development; (4) limited field testing; and (5) revision of limited field test results. The results showed that from the preliminary preliminary study showed that 6.72% of students had very high confidence category, 23.04% students had high self-confidence category, 33.6% students had moderate self-confidence category, 21.12% confident category low, and 7.68% students have very low confidence category. The results of this study should be a guide for counselors in an effort to improve students' self-confidence.
Pengaruh peer group support dan resillience terhadap kemampuan coping adaptif siswa SMA
Authors: Astuti Yunia Widi , Dewi Noviyanti Kartika , Sumarwoto Vitalis Djarot 
Published: May 2018

Kemampuan coping adaptif sangat penting dimiliki oleh remaja. Kemampuan coping adaptif membantu remaja untuk bisa memecahkan masalah yang dihadapi dalam menyelesaikan tugas-tugas perkembangannya. Selain itu resiliensi juga memiliki peran yang penting dalam kehidupan remaja yaitu sebagai kemampuan ketahanan diri saat remaja berada pada situasi yang mendesak. Keberhasilan siswa dalam mengatsi masalahnya tidak lepas dari peran penting peer grooup support atau tidak lepas dari dukungan teman sebayanya.Penelitian ini bertujuan untukÂ mengetahui pengaruh peer group support dan resilience terhadap kemampuan coping adaptif siswa Sekolah Menengah Atas (SMA). Sampel penelitian adalah siswa kelas SMA, yang berjumlah 100 siswa. Teknik penetapan sampel menggunakan teknik sampling jenuh.Â Pengumpulan data menggunakan instrumen skala psikologis, untuk mengungkap data tentang peer group support, resilience, dan kemampuan coping adaptif.Berdasarkan hasil analisis data: (1) pengaruh peer group support terhadap kemampuan coping adaptif; Â dan (2) pengaruh resilience terhadap kemampuan coping adaptif dianalisis dengan rumus korelasi product moment. Sedangkan (c) pengaruh peer group support dan resilience terhadap kemampuan coping adaptif dianalisis dengan rumus bangun regresi: dua prediktor. Hasil penelitian menunjukan: Ada pengaruh secara signifikan peer group support dan resilience terhadap kemampuan coping adaptif siswa SMA.Â Â Â AbstractThe ability of adaptive coping is very important for teens. Adaptive coping skills help teenagers to solve the problems they face in completing their developmental tasks. In addition, resilience also has an important role in adolescence as a self-defense ability when teenagers are in an urgent situation. The success of students in mengatsi problem can not be separated from the important role of peer grooup support or can not be separated from the support of peers.This study aims to determine the effect of peer group support and resilience on the ability of adaptive coping of high school students (SMA). The sample of the research is high school students, which amounts to 100 students. Sample determination technique using saturated sampling technique. Data collection using psychological-scale instruments, to reveal data about peer group support, resilience, and adaptive coping skills.Based on data analysis result: (1) peer group support effect on adaptive coping ability; and (2) the effect of resilience on adaptive coping ability is analyzed by product moment correlation formula. While (c) the effect of peer group support and resilience on adaptive coping ability was analyzed by regression build formula: two predictors. The results showed: There is a significant influence peer group support and resilience to the ability of adaptive coping of high school students.
Tingkat kecemasan siswa SMK menghadapi ujian nasional berbasis komputer tahun 2018
Authors: Apriliana I Putu Agus 
Published: May 2018

Observasi yang dilakukan seminggu sebelum pelaksanaan UNBK tahun 2018, terlihat siswa SMK di Kuta mengalami gejala-gejala kecemasan. Mengalami gejala-gejala kecemasan sebelum UNBK dianggap hal yang wajar selama berada pada kategori rendah. Sebaliknya, bukan hal yang wajar jika mengalami kecemasan yang berlebihan. Penelitian ini akan mencoba menguraikan tingkat kecemasan siswa SMK di Kuta menghadapi UNBK tahun 2018. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian survey deskriptif. Tempat penelitian di SMK Prshanti Nilayam Kuta. Populasinya adalah siswa SMK Prshanti Nilayam kelas XII pada tahun pelajaran 2017/2018. Teknik simple random sampling digunakan untuk menentukan jumlah sampel sehingga ditemukan sampel sebanyak 40 siswa. Data penelitian dikumpulkan menggunakan kuesioner kecemasan yang selanjutnya dianalisis menggunakan bantuan Microsoft Excel. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa siswa SMK di Kuta mengalami kecemasan menghadapi UNBK tahun pelajaran 2017/2018 yaitu pada tingkat rendah sebanyak 4 orang siswa (10%), sedang sebanyak 18 orang siswa (45%), tinggi sebanyak 15 orang siswa (37,5%) dan sangat tinggi sebanyak 3 orang siswa (7,5%).Â AbstractObservations conducted a week before the implementation of computer based National exam (UNBK) in year 2018, seen in vocational school students in Kuta experiencing symptoms of anxiety. Experiencing symptoms of anxiety before UNBK said to be reasonable during the low category. Conversely, itâ€™s not unusual to experience excessive anxiety. This research will try to describe the anxiety level of vocational students in Kuta facing UNBK in year 2018. This study is descriptive survey research. Place of study in SMK Prshanti Nilayam Kuta. The population is students of SMK Prshanti Nilayam class XII in the academic year 2017/2018. A simple random sampling technique was used to determine the number of samples so that 40 samples were found. The data of study was collected using an anxiety questionnaire which was then analyzed using Microsoft Excel. The result of this study shows that students of SMK in Kuta have anxiety to face UNBK academic year 2017/2018 that is at low level 4 students (10%), medium level 18 students (45%), high level 15 students (37,5 %) and very high level 3 students (7.5%).
Analisis perbandingan wireless network standard 802.11a dan 802.11p berdasarkan protokol dynamic source routing di lingkungan vehicular ad hoc networks
Authors: Yusuf Muhammad , Anggoro Radityo 
Published: May 2018

Routing pada Vehicular Ad Hoc Network (VANET) merupakan kasus yang unik karena tingginya perubahan jaringannya. VANET sendiri juga digolongkan dalam Mobile Ad Hoc Network (MANET), sehingga protokol-protokol routing yang ada pada MANET dapat juga dipakai pada VANET. Pemilihan protokol routing menjadi salah satu aspek yang cukup penting. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini akan melakukan evaluasi seberapa kuatnya protokol Dynamic Source Routing (DSR) dalam menghadapi berbagai skenario VANET yang memiliki kepadatan bervariasi di dalam lalu lintas perkotaan. Digunakan protokol 802.11p dalam ruang lingkup lalu lintas perkotaan yang didapat dari SUMo simulator, dan dianalisa menggunakan NS-2. Pemilihan 802.11p juga dipilih dari hasil perbandingan antara 802.11p dan 802.11a pada ruang lingkup lalu lintas yang berbentuk grid yang didapat juga dari simulator yang sama. Dari hasil analisa menunjukkan bahwa 802.11p memiliki performa yang lebih bagus dan bervariasi terhadap kepadatan-kepadatan yang telah ditentukan. Routing on Vehicular Ad Hoc Network (VANET) is a unique case due to the high network changes. VANET itself is also classified in Mobile Ad Hoc Network (MANET), so the MANET routing protocols can also be used on VANET. Selection of routing protocols becomes one of the most important aspects. Therefore, this study will evaluate how strong the Dynamic Source Routing (DSR) protocol in dealing with various VANET scenarios that have varied densities in urban traffic. This research is using an 802.11p protocol that obtained from SUMO simulator and then analyzed by NS-2. The 802.11p protocol was selected based on the result of performance comparison between 802.11p and 802.11a on some grid-shaped traffic scenarios. The results show that 802.11p has better performance and more robust than 802.11a while using predefined densities.
Multilevel Authentication System for Stemming Crime in Online Banking
Authors: K Alese Boniface , Favour-Bethy Thompson Aderonke , Dayo Alowolodu Olufunso , Emmanuel Oladele Blessing 
Published: May 2018

Aim/Purpose: The wide use of online banking and technological advancement has attracted the interest of malicious and criminal users with a more sophisticated form of attacks.

Background: Therefore, banks need to adapt their security systems to effectively stem threats posed by imposters and hackers and to also provide higher security standards that assure customers of a secured environment to perform their financial transactions.

Methodology	: The use of authentication techniques that include the mutual secure socket layer authentication embedded with some specific features.

Contribution: An approach was made through this paper towards providing a more reliable and complete solution for implementing multi-level user authentication in a banking environment.

Findings: The use of soft token as the final stage of authentication provides ease of management with no additional hardware requirement.

Recommendations for Practitioners	: This work is an approach made towards providing a more reliable and complete solution for implementing multi-level user authentication in a banking environment to stem cybercrime.

Recommendation for Researchers:	With this approach, a reliable system of authentication is being suggested to stem the growing rate of hacking activities in the information technology sector.

Impact on Society	:This work if adopted will give the entire populace confidence in carrying out online banking without fear of any compromise.

Future Research:	This work can be adopted to model a real-life scenario.
Domates Fidelerinin Kalsiyum Sülfat ve Kalsiyum Hidroksit Katılan Ortamda Yetiştirilmesinin Çiçek Burnu Çürüklüğü Üzerine Etkisi
Authors: Daldal Necati , Müftüoğlu Nuray Mücella 
Published: May 2018

Bu
çalışmada, domates bitkisinin kalsiyum içeriğini artırarak meyvelerde Çiçek
Burnu Çürüklüğü (ÇBÇ) oranını azaltma, verim ve verim özelliklerine etkisinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bitkisel
materyal olarak sanayi domatesi çeşidi (Lycopersicon
esculentum L., Rio Grande)'nin kullanıldığı çalışma iki aşamadan oluşmuştur.
Birinci aşamada, farklı kalsiyum kaynakları (Ca(OH)2 ve CaSO4)
ve dozları (0, 100, 200, 300 gCa/m2) uygulanarak domates fideleri yetiştirilmiştir. İkinci
aşamada, elde edilen fideler saksılara dikilerek taban gübresi
olarak triple süperfosfat, potasyum sülfat, kalsiyum amonyum nitrat, üst gübresi
olarak kalsiyum nitrat uygulanarak vejetasyon denemesi kurulmuştur. Domates yetiştiriciliğinde, fide yetiştirme
aşamasında ortama kalsiyum sülfatilave edilmesinin meyve
ağırlığını, meyve çapını, meyve boyunu artırdığı tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca meyve sayısının arttığı,
çiçek açtıktan sonra meyve oluşumunun daha
hızlı olduğu ve hasat süresinin erken başlayıp daha uzun sürdüğü belirlenmiştir. Fide
yetiştirme aşamasında ortama 100
gCa/m2 dozunda
kalsiyum sülfat ilave edilmesinin ÇBÇ görülen meyve sayısını azaltmasına
karşın, kalsiyum hidroksit uygulanan fidelerde ÇBÇ olan meyveye rastlanmadığı ve bitki boyunun arttığı
saptanmıştır. Ancak kalsiyum hidroksitin verim üzerindeki olumsuz etkisine dikkat edilmesi
gerektiği tespit edilmiştir. Domates yetiştirilen
alanlarda kalsiyum eksikliği varsa; fide yetiştirilen ortama 100 gCa/m2 dozundakalsiyum
sülfat uygulanması ile meyvelerde ÇBÇ görülme olasılığının azaldığı sonucuna varılmıştır.
Incidencia del nitrógeno en la producción de biomasa y ácidos grasos de la microalga Chlorella vulgaris en un fotobiorreactor de panel plano a escala laboratorio
Authors: Rubio Fernández Diego , Ángel María Camila , Pimienta Wendy 
Published: May 2018

Chlorella vulgaris, es un alga verde fotosintética que puede alcanzar contenidos de lípidos superiores al 30% en su peso seco por lo que es considerada una fuente potencial de materias primas para la producción de lípidos del tipo omega tres y seis y biodiesel. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue el de establecer el perfil de ácidos grasos en condiciones ambientales desfavorables estudiando la influencia del nitrógeno como estrategia para aumentar la concentración ácidos grasos en la biomasa obtenida. La investigación fue realizada a escala laboratorio evaluando tres diferentes concentraciones 100%, 20% y 10% de la fuente de nitrógeno utilizada (NaNO3) en el medio de cultivo Bold Basal (BBM). Para esta evaluación se construyó un sistema de producción de biomasa, un fotobiorreactor (FBR) de panel plano. La producción de ácidos grasos monoinsaturados disminuyó en los ensayos dos y tres respectivamente mientras que el nivel en el contenido de ácidos grasos saturados presentó resultados similares en los tres tratamientos, contrario a lo observado con los ácidos grasos polinsaturados (PUFAs).
La variación de la cantidad de biomasa obtenida en las condiciones de supresión de nitrógeno sugiere una posible alteración metabólica, primando la acumulación de sustancias de reserva como los lípidos, en detrimento de la división celular. Finalmente, fue posible analizar que para mantener un balance entre producción de biomasa y acumulación de lípidos, emplear una reducción del 80% de la fuente de nitrógeno del medio de cultivo Bold Basal (BBM) proporciona buenos resultados, debido a que puede generar concentraciones celulares del orden de los 30.000.000Cel/mL en tan sólo seis días de cultivo y aumentando la fracción lipídica de ácidos grasos saturados y polinsaturados.
Evaluación de la incidencia de la temperatura en la producción de lípidos obtenidos a partir de biomasa microalgal a escala laboratorio
Authors: Rubio Diego , Guauque Ingrid , Alcalá Camilo 
Published: May 2018

El proyecto tiene como objetivo evaluar el proceso de producción de biomasa microalgal de la microalga Chlorella Vulgaris en función de la variable temperatura, con el fin de determinar la incidencia de este parámetro en la producción de lípidos. El análisis de obtención de lípidos se realizará por medio de los protocolos de extracción establecidos. El proceso consiste en la inoculación de la microalga Chlorella Vulgaris en un medio de cultivo seleccionando las condiciones apropiadas para el correcto funcionamiento del mismo, manejando variables como temperatura, aireación, fotoperiodo y luz con el fin de no afectar su crecimiento. La implementación de un fotobiorreactor a escala de laboratorio también permitirá el análisis de factores como la productividad volumétrica, la eficiencia y la tasa de crecimiento, aspectos que varían en función de la temperatura; para cumplir las condiciones de proceso será utilizado un fotobiorreactor con un sistema de burbujeo.
La metodología que se trabaja se divide en tres etapas; la etapa inicial donde se realiza la adquisición de la cepa de trabajo, se seleccionarán los parámeros adecuados de crecimiento para el desarrollo de la microalga; en la etapa de desarrollo se procede al desarrollo experimental a partir de las condiciones establecidas en la etapa anterior empleando volúmenes de reacción correspondientes a 10 mL, 100 mL, 500 mL, 1000 mL y 3 L para posteriormente llevar a cabo la extracción de los lípidos contenidos en la biomasa. Luego se procede a cromatografía de gases para realizar la cuantificación de lípidos y visualización de los perfiles lipídicos esperados. Finalmente en la etapa de análisis se realiza la interpretación y análisis de los resultados dados en cada fase del proceso para determinar según la temperatura, su comportamiento al momento del crecimiento. Esta evaluación se realiza teniendo en cuenta la tasa de crecimiento calculada para cada perfil con respecto al efecto de las temperaturas usadas determinando la incidencia de la temperatura en la producción de lípidos a partir de biomasa microalgal.