bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Liquefaction Hazards from “Inherited Vulnerabilities”
Authors: CUBRINOVSKI Misko , RHODES Aimee , DE LA TORRE Christopher , BRAY Jonathan , NTRITSOS Nikolaos 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThis paper discusses two forms of soil liquefaction that are particularly damaging for engineering structures and communities: liquefaction of reclaimed land and urban liquefaction. Case histories from recent New Zealand earthquakes are used to illustrate characteristics of liquefaction manifestation and associated damage to land and structures. Liquefaction of gravelly fills at Wellington port and influence of finer sand‐silt fractions on the liquefaction performance of well‐graded gravelly reclamations are discussed. The importance of cross‐interactions between different layers and system response effects of liquefiable deposits are elucidated through 55 case history sites from Christchurch involving a wide range of observations from no liquefaction to severe liquefaction manifestation.
Geo‐hydro‐mechanics for quantitative landslide hazard assessment (QHA)
Authors: COTECCHIA Federica , SANTALOIA Francesca , TAGARELLI Vito 
Published: June 2018

AbstractLandslide risk represents a strong limitation to the social and economic development of civil society in chain areas. This is particularly the case in highly urbanized regions. The need for mitigation of landslide risk prompts landslide hazard mapping. The aim of the research work presented in the paper is the use of geo‐hydro‐mechanics for the assessment of landslide hazard from the site to the small scale. The geo‐hydro‐mechanical analysis of landslide hazard is first presented to diagnose single slope. To this aim, the procedure for the deterministic analyses of the internal/external slope factors and of the possible landslide processes bringing about instability is presented. The contribution offers an overview of the key steps of the deterministic procedure with the phenomenological interpretation of a landslide mechanism as first, and the numerical validation thereafter. A representative case study of application of the methodology is discussed. The case study is representative for chain slopes in the Italian Apennines and exemplifies the geo‐hydro‐mechanical diagnosis of landslide hazard in complex geological contexts. As second, a methodology for intermediate to regional scale landslide hazard assessment, based on geo‐mechanical interpretations, is also recalled. The methodology is the Multiscalar Method for Landslide Mitigation, MMLM (Cotecchia et al. 2016b; Cafaro et al. 2016). It uses the hydro‐mechanical diagnoses of landsliding at the slope scale as reference starting point. In this contribution, a brief example of the validation of the MMLM to the geologically complex Daunia‐Lucanian Apennines (Italy) is also shown.
Design charts for geothermal piles under various thermo‐mechanical conditions
Authors: MROUEH Hussein , HABERT Julien , RAMMAL Dina 
Published: June 2018

AbstractAmong new “green technologies” in geotechnical engineering, geothermal piles appear to be an economical and cost‐friendly solution to combine shallow geothermal energy to the primary function of piles. Nevertheless, in comparison to conventional piles, they are subjected both to thermal and mechanical loadings, which arise some questioning regarding their behaviour and their mechanical design. Efficient and unambiguous calculation procedures are required in order to provide appropriate and progressive verification levels. In order to provide a first view of the design of energy piles, the main objective of this paper is to propose design diagrams that account for: i) rigidity of the overburden structure, ii) consequences of ground thermo‐volumetric strains, their link with the characteristics of the thermal loading and subsequent transient phenomena and iii) cyclic issues. This article presents a synthesis of the improvement related to these issues. Simplified design charts including these different aspects are finally proposed.
Landslide hazard assessment methodology in Georgia
Authors: GAPRINDASHVILI George , TSERETELI Emil , GAPRINDASHVILI Merab 
Published: June 2018

AbstractGeological hazards always cause a threat to the important part of the population, make complicated their engineering‐agricultural activities and damage the infrastructure facilities. In the 21st century, protection of population and safe operation of infrastructure objects became significant social‐economic and geo‐ecologic problem. These problems gain even more actuality for mountainous countries, when on the overall backdrop of climate change and earthquake activation, and within the pressing conditions of wide‐scale human activities, negative impacts caused by disasters including human losses gains increasingly irreversible character. Georgia belongs to the most complicated region among the world's mountainous countries with development scale and recurrence of geological disaster processes, and with negative impacts to agricultural lands and infrastructural facilities. Landslide hazard assessment is an important step towards landslide hazard and risk management, where several methods are used: Qualitative, Quantitate, Spatial Multi Criteria decision‐making et al.
On the elaboration of landslide hazard and risk maps in Romania
Authors: OLINIC Ernest , MANEA Sanda , BOTI Ioan , COMAN Cristina , BURLACU Catalin , PANTEL Gheorghe 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe paper presents different methodologies for elaboration of landslide hazard maps at different levels with respect to map scale and elaboration methodologies in Romania: level 1 – national, level 2 – regional, level 3 ‐ detailed. A case study for the city of Iasi (North‐Eastern part or Romania) of detailed landslide hazard and physical risk maps is presented.
Steinschlagschutzdämme – geokunststoffbewehrte bautypen
Authors: VOLLMERT Lars , HOFMANN Robert 
Published: June 2018

KurzfassungSeit der Einführung der ONR 24810:2013‐01‐15 liegt ein Bemessungskonzept für geokunststoff‐bewehrte Erddämme zum Schutz gegen massive Steinschlagereignisse vor. In der Folge wurden weitergehende Versuche durchgeführt, die eine Optimierung der Konstruktion in bautechnischer und wirtschaftlicher Hinsicht zulassen. Als Ergebnis wird eine Unterscheidung von fünf Bautypen von Steinschlagschutzdämmen sinnvoll: Zunächst wird zwischen reinen Erddämmen, Dämmen mit Steinschlichtung und geokunststoffbewehrten Dämmen unterschieden. Letztere werden um zwei weitere Bautypen mit ausgeprägter Bewehrung in Dammlängsachse ergänzt, die große Dammabschnitte zur Aufnahme von Impaktlasten aktivieren können: Geokunststoffbewehrte Dämme mit erhöhter Querverteilung und mit stark erhöhter Querverteilung. Das neue Bemessungskonzept ist in der ONR 24810:2017 (Technischer Steinschlagschutz) beschrieben. Dieses Regelwerk wird bereits in vielen Ländern, wie z.B. Deutschland, Schweiz, Norwegen, Island, Kanada, verwendet.
Landslides monitoring – hazard and risk management case study
Authors: COLŢ Oana Elena 
Published: June 2018

AbstractIn recent years, the interest in the assessment of hazard and risk of land sliding and in developing a warning systems and land utilization regulations aimed to minimizing the loss of lives and property without investing in long‐term, costly projects of ground stabilization has increased greatly. To be able to quantify both landslide hazard and risk a comprehensive landslide inventory is needed. A method used worldwide these days is to portray the spatial distribution of the landslides hazard and risks in maps. This paper presents in a case study for a territory from Republic of Moldova ‐ the types of works performed and the results for evaluating the trends in the evolution of exogenous geological processes (PGE) and the changes in the geological environment over time. All the results were used to make an annual forecast of the land sliding processes that could be use by interested state structures in order to establish a program of measures to protect the environment against sliding.
“It's always the contract!”: legal risks and chances for geotechnical work in Central and South‐Eastern Europe
Authors: MESIC Muhamed 
Published: June 2018

AbstractGeotechnical work always involves a number of unique and significant legal risks affecting all stakeholders. These risks can and do cause major disturbances and deviations, including delays and cost explosions, and knowing them in order to properly assess and mitigate them is a key element for the success of any geotechnical project. Some jurisdictions, like Austria, can look back on more than 50 years of established legal principles and jurisprudence in this field, others in the broader region are just starting to look at and define the liability and extent of obligations of participants in geotechnical projects. The paper presents a comparative approach and explores legal concepts and contexts such as soil risk, standards for geotechnical investigation, liability for hazards or execution of geotechnical works under third‐party property from a perspective tailored for geotechnical practitioners in the region.
Risk‐based framework accounting for the effects of vegetation in geotechnical engineering
Authors: MICKOVSKI B. Slobodan 
Published: June 2018

AbstractEco‐engineering techniques comprise the use of vegetation, either alone or in combination with traditional civil engineering structures, for control of soil erosion and shallow landslides. The main perceived disadvantage in the design of these solutions is often listed as the uncertainty, and thus, hazards and risks related to the living material. In order to account and mitigate for these uncertainties, an approach is proposed where a number of novel methods aimed at enhancement of the understanding of the mechanisms of soil‐root reinforcement are presented. These methods range from fundamental assessment of suction stress induced by the vegetation in the design phase, through assessment of root growth on slopes during construction and operation, to the assessment of long‐term slope stability and sustainability of the solution implemented. The results of this study show that multidisciplinary knowledge of the risks and processes occurring at different project stages as well as input from relevant disciplines are needed in order to inform the geotechnical design and construction.
Recent landslides in North Cyprus
Authors: ATALAR Cavit , DAS Braja M. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractLandslides occur when the driving force overcomes the resistance from the shear strength of the soil along the rupture surface. A portion of a hillslope becomes too weak to support its own weight and moves down a slope. Landslides are most common on moderate to steep slopes. The causes of landslides include rainfall, earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, fires, loud sounds, and various human modification of the land, that disturb natural slope stability. Landslides commonly occur with floods and earthquakes and constitute a major natural hazard. A large part of Cyprus is covered by clayey soils. Landslides occur at the steep and very steep slopes of these formations. The high elevation areas of south west South Cyprus has a long history of slope instability. Large even massive scale landslides occurred in the inland parts of Paphos district. Recent Landslides in North Cyprus due to new road construction indicates that the new development areas also need to be investigated more careful.
Comparison between soil properties derived from CPT tests and laboratory tests
Authors: STÃNCIUCU Mihaela 
Published: June 2018

AbstractLoose sands or very soft clays are sometimes hard to evaluate from geotechnical purposes with classical methods. The aim of the work is to estimate the applicability and reliability of some of the most popular relations derived from CPT in the case of marine sediments of Black Sea. The paper presents comparisons between values of main geotechnical parameters derived by well known formulas from CPT and laboratory tests executed on remoulded samples of such soils. In the first instance a classical soil behaviour chart was used in conjunction with grain size analyses. In the next step estimations of saturated or dry unit weights and friction angle of cohesionless submersed soils, based on well known relations was found in very good agreement with lab test values obtained from thin‐walled tube samples. Finally, the evaluation of the state of stress puts in evidence that the investigated deposits are mainly under consolidate or normal consolidate and at least one of three different classical relations for the estimation of relative densities, fits well with values of lab tests.
Upgrading of the model of structural‐phase deformability of undisturbed soil lines
Authors: AWWAD Talal , GRUZIN Andrei , GRUZIN Vladimir , BAIMUKHANOV Seriktay 
Published: June 2018

AbstractDuring the process of developing a more accurate model of dynamic deformation of undisturbed soil bulk in the form of elastoplastic half‐space there has been studied a possibility of describing the “stress‐relative strain”. In order to analyze the adequacy of the developed model there has been conducted a comparative research of the obtained theoretical and the existing practical results for sandy clays of different consistency. The comparative analysis of the experimental and analytical data allows making the conclusion on the applicability of the equation describing the “stress‐relative strain” dependency for undisturbed sandy clay with the plasticity index 0 ≤ IP ≤ 0.5 within the operational range of loads during simulation of an impulse action of a working tool applied to undisturbed soil. The use of the mathematical model has allowed obtaining graphical dependencies of time of influence for sandy clays of different consistency taking into account a deformation modulus and a value of the pressing impulse.
On the variability of the effective friction angle of Saint Lucian soils: investigations through a laboratory database
Authors: SHEPHEARD Casey J. , VARDANEGA Paul J. , HOLCOMBE Elizabeth A. , HEN‐JONES Rose , DE LUCA Flavia 
Published: June 2018

AbstractFor assessment of slope stability in data‐scarce regions prone to natural hazards, modelling relies, to a large degree, on estimates of the effective friction angle. Using a database, comprising soil data from Saint Lucia in the Eastern Caribbean, both simple regression and multiple linear regression analysis were performed. These analyses correlate various basic soil parameters with the effective friction angle measurements contained in the database. The developed statistical relationships are then employed for the estimation of the effective friction angle for use in a slope stability simulation scenario. These analyses show the narrowing of the expected range of results for the slope factor of safety when more soil parameters are used in the estimation of effective friction angle.
Determination of shear strength properties of coarse‐grained materials for stone column
Authors: SULOVSKA Monika , STACHO Jakub 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe stone columns created using a vibro – replacement technique are often used technology of ground improvement. Suitable geological conditions for stone columns include loose coarse – grained soils and soft to firm fine – grained soils. The stone columns cause increasing of strength and deformation properties of the original subsoil. The design of stone columns must be based on properly determined properties of original subsoil as well as properties of the material of stone columns. The article presents and analysis results of direct shear tests of three different types of coarse – grained materials which are used for stone columns. The shear strength of coarse – grained material was determined using large – dimensional direct shear apparatus, which is required for this type of soil. Shear tests were executed for different values of the unit weight. High values of peak and residual angle of shear strength were determined for all three tested materials also in the loosest state. The initial shear strength was measured in the case of coarse – grained material consisting of the quarry stone.
Investigation of the hydro‐mechanical properties of silty sand material from Topolnica tailings dam
Authors: SUSINOV Bojan , JOSIFOVSKI Josif 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThis paper describes the investigation process of the hydro‐mechanical properties of a material used in 134.0 m high tailings dam construction. The grain size analysis classifies the soil as silty sand – by product from the mining process. The soil water retention curve was determined for wetting cycle using direct measurements of suction and volumetric water content. To describe the relationship between these two variables, the Van Genuchten hydraulic model was used. The unsaturated hydraulic conductivity was obtained with Mini Disk Infiltrometer. These results will be used for physical and numerical modelling of the tailings dam Topolnica. The study analyzes the slope stability of unsaturated soil triggered by high intensity rainfalls.
Prognoseverfahren zur Bestimmung der zeitabhängigen undrainierten Scherfestigkeit von Tagebaukippen
Authors: UHLIG Markus , HERLE Ivo 
Published: June 2018

KurzfassungUm an den Rohstoff, wie hier die Braunkohle, zu gelangen, werden in einem Tagebau große Mengen des Deckgebirges bewegt. Dieses Abraummaterial wird meist mittels Transportbändern auf Außenoder Innenkippen verbracht. Dabei entstehen temporäre Böschungen, die ausreichend standsicher ausgebildet sein müssen. Beim Transport des feinkörnigen Materials kann sich dieses in seiner Konsistenz verändern, was die Verkippung in speziellen Polderstrukturen erforderlich macht. Diese feinkörnigen Materialien konsolidieren nach der Verkippung, sodass sich ihre undrainierte Scherfestigkeit mit zunehmender Liegezeit vergrößert. Dieser Artikel beschreibt, wie die Entwicklung der undrainierten Scherfestigkeit prognostiziert werden kann. Dabei wird auf analytische Gleichungen der Konsolidationstheorie zurückgegriffen. Am Ende der Auswertung kann aus einem Diagramm die undrainierte Scherfestigkeit zu bestimmten Liegezeiten abgelesen werden, um damit die Dimensionierung der Verkippungsgeometrie durchzuführen oder die Standsicherheit nachzuweisen.
Application of Artificial Neural Networks for the prediction of undrained shear modulus in cohesive soils
Authors: WRZESIŃSKI Grzegorz , LECHOWICZ Zbigniew , SULEWSKA Maria J. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe paper presents a study carried out in a Hollow Cylinder Apparatus (HCA) to determine the shear modulus Gu in undrained conditions. Selected results of tests performed for undisturbed cohesive soils are presented. Values of undrained shear modulus Gu have been determined at shear strain of 0.1% and 0.5%. Laboratory tests were performed on slightly overconsolidated clay (Cl) and sandy silty clay (sasiCl) with an overconsolidation ratio OCR of about 3.5 and 2.7, and a plasticity index Ip of 77.6% and 34.7%, respectively. HCA tests were performed with anisotropic consolidation and shearing in undrained conditions. Results of laboratory tests have allowed to assess the influence of the principal stress rotation on the values of undrained shear modulus Gu using Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs).
Back analysis of Budapest Rákóczi square metro4 station deep excavation
Authors: ZSIROS Nikoletta , MÓCZÁR Balázs , SZEPESHÁZI Attila 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe construction monitoring of Ráckóczi square metro station of Budapest Metro Line 4 offered a great opportunity to back analyse the braced deep excavation in the building period. Building movements, strut forces and wall displacement measurements have been compared to numerical results derived by PLAXIS using HSsmall soil model. Considering the influence of small strain stiffness of plastic soils, good fit of the measured and calculated movements could be observed and the strut forces could be calculated reasonable. Curve characteristic of surface settlements was explored, as well. Analysis were carried out to observe influence of the following inputs on the numerical results: soil material model; consolidation effects, boundary conditions. A detailed evaluation is given about the results of parametric analysis.
Several cases on support of foundation pits
Authors: DIMITRIEVSKI Ljupco , DIMITRIEVSKI Dragan , DIMITRIEVSKI Teodor , STRASHESKI Atanas , DIMITRIESKI Hristijan , VETA Aristid , ATANASOSKI Mladen 
Published: June 2018

AbstractProbably one of the most challenging geotechnical tasks in urban areas is supporting of deep foundation pits. In some regions this task is pretty hard to accomplish due to the limited experience of the contractors in the field of geotechnical structures, the lack of proper construction equipment, specific urban planning etc. Providing sufficient number of parking lots is the most common reason for the construction of underground levels in new buildings. On the other hand, such approach demands capable, experienced contractors and proper geotechnical design. This paper deals with several case studies of structures for retaining of foundation pits. The referred structures are constructed on different sites in the Republic of Macedonia. The depth of the excavation pits varies between 6 m and 10 m, but from design point of view more important is the complexity of the geotechnical conditions. The excavation pits are retained by diaphragm walls, steel struts, anchors and reinforced concrete pile walls.
Assessing the hydraulic conductivity of road paving materials using representative pore size and grading entropy
Authors: FENG Shuyin , VARDANEGA Paul J. , IBRAIM Erdin , WIDYATMOKO Iswandaru , OJUM Chibuzor 
Published: June 2018

AbstractPavements are ubiquitous civil engineering structures which form the important lifelines that connect communities. They must remain serviceable after events such as flooding, cyclones and extreme freeze‐thaw cycles. The hydraulic conductivity of road pavements is important to understand their performance. This paper summarises some recent work aimed at improving the prediction of the hydraulic conductivity of asphalt concrete. Laboratory test results show the use of the ‘hand pumping method’ to measure the percentage of connected air voids in asphalt concrete specimens. The representative pore size concept is used to analyse an updated database of hydraulic conductivity measurements of asphalt concrete. The effect of nominal maximum aggregate size is studied. Preliminary efforts to use the grading entropy framework to predict the hydraulic conductivity of asphalt concrete are reported.
The karst protection foundations design
Authors: GOTMAN Natalia , GOTMAN Alfred 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe authors analyze the features of the base modeling for the analysis of a foundation in a karst territory, taking the stiffness of the design parameter of the above‐foundation part of the building into account. Advantages of the contact model of a base (the model of the variable coefficient of subgrade reaction) are analyzed. It is proposed to determine the coefficients of subgrade reaction (stiffness of the piles) around the karst cavity with decreasing these coefficients in relation to the same coefficients calculated using standard methods (i.e., without karst deformations). Analytical solutions for different types of foundations are presented. The method for estimating the thickness of an effective karst protection geotechnical screen is proposed.