bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Internet + nursing intervention based on pre-rehabilitation strategy on quality of life and cognitive function of postoperative glioma patients
Authors: Li Yan , Wang Yan , Fan Chaofeng 
Published: December 2024

Background Incorporating a pre-rehabilitation strategy, internet-based nursing intervention allows patients to engage with nurses through online platforms. Objective To explore the effect of Internet + nursing intervention based on pre-rehabilitation strategy on postoperative quality of life and cognitive function of patients with glioma. Methods 100 patients with gliomas treated in our hospital from Jan 2021 to Sep 2023 were selected. The patients were randomly divided into two groups ( n = 50). The control group was treated with routine nursing intervention. The observation group took Internet + nursing intervention based on pre-rehabilitation strategy on the basis of the control group. The general data, the score of self-management ability before and after intervention, the cognitive function before and after operation and the quality of life one month after discharge were compared between the two groups. The influencing factors of postoperative quality of life and cognitive function were analyzed by Logistics regression. Results There was no significant difference in the general data and the score of self-management ability between the two groups before intervention, but there was significant difference in the score of self-management ability after intervention. The results of binary Logistics regression analysis showed that the scores of self-management ability were independent factors affecting the outcome of patients with glioma. The scores of cognitive function and quality of life one month after discharge in the observation group were significantly better than those in the other ( P < 0.05). Conlclusions Internet + nursing intervention based on pre-rehabilitation strategy can improve the quality of life of glioma patients after operation and reduce the effect of operation on cognitive function of glioma patients.
Familial Predisposition to Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury in Australian Rules Footballers
Authors: Hasani Sara , Feller Julian A. , Webster Kate E. 
Published: December 2024

Background: A community athlete with an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury is 2.5 times more likely to have a family history of ACL injury than an athlete without an ACL injury. The prevalence of family history and its relationship to ACL injury has not been investigated in elite athletes playing a high-risk sport such as Australian rules football. Purpose/Hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to determine whether there is an association between primary ACL injury and family history in professional male and female Australian Football League (AFL) players. It was hypothesized that players with a history of ACL injury would have greater rates of family history. Study Design: Case-control study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: All AFL players in the state of Victoria, Australia, were invited to complete a survey querying about their history of ACL injury and whether they had any immediate family members with a history of ACL injury. ACL injury history was compared in those with and without a family history of ACL injury according to sex. Results: Completed surveys were obtained from 615 out of a possible 672 (91.5%) AFL players, of whom 410 were men and 205 were women. Of players with a history of ACL injury, family history was reported in 47% of male players (15 of 32) and 32% of female players (7 of 22). Male players with an ACL injury history were 3.19 times (95% CI, 1.55-6.76; P < .003) more likely to have a positive family history compared with those without ACL injury, and female players with an ACL injury history were 1.7 times (95% CI, 0.66-4.5; P = .2) more likely to report a family history than those without. Conclusion: A strong association was observed between family history and primary ACL injury history in male Australian rules football players. The same association was not statistically significant in female players.
Palliative care in policy documents for adults with cancer and non-cancer diseases with potential palliative care needs: a document analysis
Authors: O’Sullivan Anna , Carling Linnéa , Öhlén Joakim , Nyblom Stina , Ozanne Anneli , Hedman Ragnhild , Fürst Carl-Johan , Larsdotter Cecilia 
Published: December 2024

Background: The inclusion of palliative care in policy has been encouraged internationally, and gradually implemented, including in Sweden. Care should be driven by policy; hence, examining how palliative care is included in national policy documents is paramount. Objectives: This study aimed to examine how palliative care is included in national disease-specific policy documents for adults with chronic conditions, cancer and non-cancer, with potential palliative care needs. Design: Document analysis. Methods: A document analysis of Swedish policy documents for different disease-specific groups with severe chronic conditions, cancer and non-cancer, was performed. In total, 96 documents were analysed. Results: How palliative care was included in the policy documents varied from mentioning the term without explanation to detailed discussion regarding palliative care practice. Such discussion encompassed several conceptualisations of palliative care: defined through authorities’ definitions; as care of dying persons; integrated with disease-specific care and treatment; limited to disease-specific medical treatments or based on detail regarding certain key elements of palliative care such as specialised palliative care and end-of-life conversations. Conclusion: There may be large variations in how palliative care is conceptualised in national disease-specific policy documents, as disclosed by this analysis of the Swedish case. Limiting palliative care to disease-specific medical treatments (most commonly palliative oncological treatments) or the care of dying persons limits its scope in ways contrary to current evidence supporting early integrated palliative care. The lack of palliative care recommendations adapted for each specific diagnosis indicates a gap in policy. To promote equal access to palliative care regardless of patients’ diseases or medical conditions, the importance of how palliative care is included in national policy documents needs to be further acknowledged and discussed – with palliative care consistently included in such documents.
Single-cell view and a novel protective macrophage subset in perivascular adipose tissue in T2DM
Authors: Li Jiaxuan , Tian Zhenyu , Zhang Tongxue , Jin Jiajia , Zhang Xinjie , Xie Panpan , Lin Haiyan , Gu Junfei , Wu Yingjie , Wang Xiaowei , Zhang Shucui , Yan Xuefang , Guo Dong , Wang Zhe , Zhang Qunye 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
Vasculopathy underlies diabetic complications, with perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) playing crucial roles in its development. However, the changes in the cellular composition and function of PVAT, including the specific cell subsets and mechanisms implicated in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) vasculopathy, remain unclear.

Methods
To address the above issues, we performed single-cell RNA sequencing on the stromal vascular fraction (SVF) of PVAT from normal and T2DM rats. Then, various bioinformatics tools and functional experiments were used to investigate the characteristic changes in the cellular profile of diabetic PVAT SVF, their implications, and the underlying mechanisms.

Results
Our study reveals the single-cell landscape of the SVF of PVAT, demonstrating its considerable heterogeneity and significant alterations in T2DM, including an enhanced inflammatory response and elevated proportions of macrophages and natural killer (NK) cells. Moreover, macrophages are critical hubs for cross-talk among various cell populations. Notably, we identified a decreased Pdpn+ macrophage subpopulation in the PVAT of T2DM rats and confirmed this in mice and humans. In vitro and in vivo studies demonstrated that Pdpn+ macrophages alleviated insulin resistance and modulated adipokine/cytokine expression in adipocytes via the Pla2g2d-DHA/EPA-GPR120 pathway. This subset also enhances the function of vascular endothelial and smooth muscle cells, inhibits vascular inflammation and oxidative stress, and improves vasodilatory function, thereby protecting blood vessels.

Conclusion
Pdpn+ macrophages exhibit significant vascular protective effects by alleviating insulin resistance and modulating adipokine/cytokine expression in PVAT adipocytes. This macrophage subtype may therefore play pivotal roles in mitigating vascular complications in T2DM. Our findings also underscore the critical role of immune-metabolic cross-talk in maintaining tissue homeostasis.

Graphical Abstract
Clinical profile of Korean children with spina bifida: a single-center prospective cohort study
Authors: Yun Hyeseon , Yang Seung Hyeon , Lee Hooyun , Kim Sang Woon , Lee Yong Seung , Ji Yoonhye , Park Jieun , Ji Jeong-Eun , Choi Eun Kyoung 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
Spina bifida (SB) is a chronic condition requiring lifelong self-management, underscoring the need to establish a dedicated cohort for longitudinal monitoring of health outcomes. The purpose of this study was to describe the development and initial implementation of a single-center prospective cohort study of children with SB and their parents living in South Korea and to describe demographics, clinical outcomes, psychosocial characteristics, and family data for this cohort.

Methods
This cohort was established through expert panel formation, identification of health indicators based on the Life Course Model for Spina Bifida, creation of a cohort database system, and quality control planning. Participants, children aged 4–12 years with SB and their parents, were recruited from a large SB clinic at a tertiary hospital in South Korea. Two approaches were used to collect data: (1) diagnosis and clinical outcomes (e.g., lesion level, surgical history, laboratory results) were collected from the electronic medical record by pediatric nurse practitioners and (2) demographics, psychosocial characteristics and family data were collected from online self-reported questionnaires completed by children with SB and their parents if the child with SB was aged 7–12 years and by only the parents if the child with SB was aged 4–6 years.

Results
Between September 2022 and September 2023, 162 children (mean age 7.6 ± 2.6 years) and their parents participated, with 35.8% (4–6 years), 29% (7–9 years), and 35.2% (10–12 years). Diagnoses included lipomyelomeningocele (51.2%), myelomeningocele (27.2%), and tethered cord syndrome (20.4%). Clean intermittent catheterization was used by 38.3% and enemas by 22.2%. Moreover, 30.9% experienced urinary incontinence and 26.5% experienced fecal incontinence. Ambulation assistive devices were used by 14.8%, and ventriculoperitoneal shunts by only 4.3%.

Conclusions
This cohort provides a comprehensive understanding of demographics, and clinical and psychosocial outcomes for children with SB in South Korea. The dataset offers opportunities for data-driven, life-course tailored interventions to meet the specific needs of this population and their families.
Investigating pediatric nurses’ perceptions of factors contributing to MAEs at Yendi hospital, Ghana
Authors: Nukpezah Ruth Nimota , Anyaba Nathaniel Awenlesakba , Osman Wahab 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
Medication administration errors (MAEs) are a critical concern in pediatric healthcare, contributing to adverse drug events (ADEs) and negatively impacting patient health.

Objectives
This study explores pediatric nurses’ perceptions of factors contributing to MAEs at Yendi Municipal Hospital to develop interventions enhancing patient safety.

Methods
A descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted among 143 nurses at Yendi Municipal Hospital using structured questionnaires. Data were analysed using SPSS 26.0 and Excel 2016. Bivariate analysis examined relationships between socio-demographic characteristics and MAEs.

Results
Contributing factors to MAEs included inadequate training (91.6%), misunderstanding medical abbreviations (88.8%), poor supervision (92.3%), eagerness to sign out shifts (70.6%), improper handover (88.8%), inadequate staff (77.6%), dosage miscalculations (83.9%), and illegible handwriting (81.8%). Significant associations were found between MAEs and the type of unit/ward (X²=6.25, p = 0.012) and educational level (Fisher Exact test = 4.20, p = 0.036).

Conclusion
Inadequate training, poor supervision, and communication issues are major contributors to MAEs in pediatric settings. Targeted interventions can significantly improve patient safety and care quality.
Modifiable prognostic factors of high societal costs among people on sick leave due to musculoskeletal disorders: a replication study
Authors: Killingmo Rikke Munk , Rysstad Tarjei , Maas Esther , Pripp Are Hugo , Aanesen Fiona , Tingulstad Alexander , Tveter Anne Therese , Øiestad Britt Elin , Grotle Margreth 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
Musculoskeletal disorders are an extensive burden to society, yet few studies have explored and replicated modifiable prognostic factors associated with high societal costs. This study aimed to replicate previously identified associations between nine modifiable prognostic factors and high societal costs among people on sick leave due to musculoskeletal disorders.

Methods
Pooled data from a three-arm randomised controlled trial with 6 months of follow-up were used, including 509 participants on sick leave due to musculoskeletal disorders in Norway. Consistent with the identification study, the primary outcome was societal costs dichotomised as high (top 25th percentile) or low. Societal costs included healthcare utilization (primary, secondary, and tertiary care) and productivity loss (absenteeism, work assessment allowance and disability benefits) collected from public records. Binary unadjusted and adjusted logistic regression analyses were used to replicate previously identified associations between each modifiable prognostic factor and having high costs.

Results
Adjusted for selected covariates, a lower degree of return-to-work expectancy was associated with high societal costs in both the identification and replication sample.
Depressive symptoms and health literacy showed no prognostic value in both the identification and replication sample. There were inconsistent results with regards to statistical significance across the identification and replication sample for pain severity, self-perceived health, sleep quality, work satisfaction, disability, and long-lasting disorder expectation. Similar results were found when high costs were related to separately healthcare utilization and productivity loss.

Conclusion
This study successfully replicated the association between return-to-work expectancy and high societal costs among people on sick leave due to musculoskeletal disorders. Other factors showed no prognostic value or inconsistent results.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03871712, 12th of March 2019.
Protocol of a nation-wide post-bereavement survey on quality of hospice and palliative care: J-HOPE 5 study
Authors: Aoyama Maho , Mori Masanori , Morita Tatsuya , Tsuneto Satoru , Miyashita Mitsunori 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
Maintaining quality of care and improving the quality of life (QOL) of patients and their families are important issues in palliative care. Therefore, there is a need to continuously evaluate the quality and outcomes of the care provided. In Japan, the Japan hospice and palliative evaluation (J-HOPE) study series has been conducted every three to four years since 2010, and we will conduct the fifth J-HOPE study (J-HOPE5). In the present paper, we describe the protocol of the J-HOPE5 study. The main objectives are: (1) to evaluate the processes, structures and outcomes of care at hospices or palliative care units; (2) to examine bereaved family members’ self-reported psychosocial condition, such as grief and depression as bereavement outcomes; (3) to provide data to ensure and improve the quality of care provided by participating institutions via feedback based on the results from each institution; and (4) to provide clinical and academic information regarding the implications of various issues in palliative care by conducting specific research.

Methods
We will conduct a cross-sectional, anonymous, self-reported questionnaire survey. In total, 153 institutions have agreed to participate in this study, meaning that approximately 12,240 bereaved family members (n = 80/institution) will be sent a questionnaire.

Discussion
This is one of the largest cross-sectional bereavement surveys to evaluate the quality of specialized palliative care for patients with cancer, both in Japan and worldwide. The large sample size of this study will enable wide analyses of specific targets and topics.
Immersive learning in medical education: analyzing behavioral insights to shape the future of VR-based courses
Authors: Junga Anna , Schulze Henriette , Scherzer Sönke , Hätscher Ole , Bozdere Philipp , Schmidle Paul , Risse Benjamin , Marschall Bernhard ,   the medical tr.AI.ning consortium
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
The emergence of virtual reality (VR) for medical education enables a range of new teaching opportunities. Skills and competences can be trained that cannot be demonstrated in any other way due to physical or ethical limitations. Immersion and presence may play an important role for learning in this context. This study investigates whether this VR-based, immersive software is an effective tool for assessing medical learning objectives by comparing behavioral outcomes in VR and actor-based simulations, and examines how these behaviors relate to immersion levels and their impact on learning success.

Methods
To evaluate the effectiveness of the new teaching method, objective behavioral outcomes were identified as part of a dermatological learning unit and VR as a method was compared with actor-based simulation training. In addition, subjective questionnaires were collected to compare the levels of immersion in both concepts.

Results
It was shown that primary learning objectives can be addressed well in VR. However, secondary learning objectives that fall into the field of basic skills seem to be delivered better in the actor-based training than in VR. This appears to be an effect of weaker immersion measured in VR training.

Conclusions
It can be said that the implementation of basic skills training depends largely on the level of immersion in the teaching method used. While primary learning subjectives can be trained and assessed well, at present, it does not appear to be fully possible to train secondary skills with the technical status quo in VR. However, the observation of secondary learning objectives can serve as an indicator for the assessment of immersion in the future.
The chemoprotective effect of anti-platelet agents on cancer incidence in people with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD): a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Anson Matthew , Poon Jun Shang , Henney Alex E. , Riley David , Ibarbaru Gema H. , Sieberhagen Cyril , Cuthbertson Daniel J. , Alam Uazman , Hydes Theresa 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with an increased incidence of hepatic and extrahepatic cancers, in particular those linked to obesity. In people with chronic liver disease, aspirin may confer protection against hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We explore the potential chemoprotective effect of aspirin/other anti-platelet agents on obesity-related cancers, including HCC in people with NAFLD.

Methods
We performed a retrospective cohort study of anonymised electronic medical records using the TriNetX network (Cambridge, MA, USA), a global federated database. We identified adults aged 18 or over with a diagnosis of NAFLD, prior to commencing antiplatelet agents. Two groups were created: antiplatelet (1) versus no antiplatelet use (2). We propensity score matched for nine variables. Antiplatelet use was defined as aspirin, ticagrelor, cangrelor, clopidogrel or prasugrel use for at least 1 year. The outcomes of interest were incidence of HCC and other obesity-related cancers. Follow-up was for 5 years. We performed subgroup analyses on aspirin users only and stratified findings for sex and age. Sensitivity analysis was conducted on individuals with 3- and 5-year aspirin exposure.

Results
Post matching, there were 42,192 people per group. Antiplatelet use in people with NAFLD was associated with statistically significant reduction in all obesity-related cancers (HR 0.71, 95% CI 0.65–0.78, p < 0.001) and individually for HCC (HR 0.52, 95% CI 0.40–0.68, p < 0.001), breast carcinoma (HR 0.78, 95% CI 0.66–0.92, p = 0.003), pancreatic carcinoma (HR 0.61, 95% CI 0.47–0.78, p < 0.001) and colorectal carcinoma (HR 0.68, 95% CI 0.56–0.84, p < 0.001). For women, there was a significant reduction in risk of ovarian carcinoma (HR 0.75, 95% CI 0.57–0.98, p = 0.034). Aspirin monotherapy was similarly associated with reduced incidence of HCC (HR 0.46, 95% CI 0.32–0.64, p < 0.001) and all obesity-related cancers (HR 0.71, 95% CI, 0.56–0.90, p = 0.004), with benefits observed in males (HR 0.71, 95% CI 0.56–0.90, p = 0.004), females (HR 0.77, 95% CI 0.67–0.88, p < 0.001) and in older (HR 0.72, 95% CI 0.63–0.82, p < 0.001) but not younger people (HR 0.78, 95% CI 0.60–1.03, p = 0.589).

Conclusions
Aspirin/antiplatelet agents may have a role in primary cancer prevention in people living with NAFLD.
Cyclophostin and Cyclipostins analogues counteract macrolide-induced resistance mediated by erm(41) in Mycobacterium abscessus
Authors: Sarrazin Morgane , Poncin Isabelle , Fourquet Patrick , Audebert Stéphane , Camoin Luc , Denis Yann , Santucci Pierre , Spilling Christopher D. , Kremer Laurent , Le Moigne Vincent , Herrmann Jean-Louis , Cavalier Jean-François , Canaan Stéphane 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
Mycobacterium abscessus is an emerging pathogen causing severe pulmonary infections, particularly in individuals with underlying conditions, such as cystic fibrosis or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Macrolides, such as clarithromycin (CLR) or azithromycin (AZM), represent the cornerstone of antibiotherapy against the M. abscessus species. However, prolonged exposure to these macrolides can induce of Erm(41)-mediated resistance, limiting their spectrum of activity and leading to therapeutic failure. Therefore, inhibiting Erm(41) could thwart this resistance mechanism to maintain macrolide susceptibility, thus increasing the rate of treatment success. In our previous study, the Erm(41) methyltransferase was identified as a possible target enzyme of Cyclipostins and Cyclophostin compounds (CyC).

Methods
Herein, we exploited this feature to evaluate the in vitro activity of CLR and AZM in combination with different CyC via the checkerboard assay on macrolide-susceptible and induced macrolide-resistant M. abscessus strains selected in vitro following exposure CLR and AZM.

Results
Our results emphasize the use of the CyC to prevent/overcome Erm(41)‑induced resistance and to restore macrolide susceptibility.

Conclusion
This work should expand our therapeutic arsenal in the fight against a antibioticresistant mycobacterial species and could provide the opportunity to revisit the therapeutic regimen for combating M. abscessus pulmonary infections in patients, and particularly in erm(41)-positive strains.