bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Environmental and molecular regulation of flowering in cultivated strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa)
Authors: Darby Ethan , Islam Tabibul 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Cultivated strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa) is a globally important fruit crop that shows promise as a candidate for various methods of controlled environment production. However, a better understanding of the mechanisms of the regulation of flowering is needed, as more frequent or consistent flowering would be advantageous in controlled production. It is well understood that flowering in F. x ananassa responds to both photoperiod and temperature; however, the mechanism behind this response is not fully understood, particularly in perpetually flowering cultivars. While some genes of interest have been identified, a more complete model has not been established. This is largely due to the complexity of the octoploid genome and a lack of current knowledge on the mechanism of temperature response in both seasonal- and perpetual-flowering F. x ananassa. A starting point for developing a better model of flowering response in cultivated strawberries lies in the simpler Fragaria vesca, which indicates an FvCO-FvFT1-FvSOC1-FvTFL1 module for control of seasonal flowering and a lack of functional FvTFL1 responsible for perpetual flowering. However, there are some key differences when discussing F. x ananassa’s perpetual flowering characteristics. Recent studies have helped to elucidate some of these differences, allowing for a putative model of seasonal flowering in F. x ananassa, as well as indicating where further questions need to be asked regarding perpetually flowering cultivars.
At the Mercy of the Artificial Intelligence Algorithm: Discrepant Polymerase Chain Reaction Results
Authors: Zuckerman Mark , Lampejo Temi , Smith Melvyn 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
As pathogen molecular diagnostics technology develops, the software analysis of polymerase chain reaction sigmoidal curves, cycle threshold (Ct) values, and the limit of nucleic acid detection for that assay is not always available when reporting test results. These are critical components in interpreting results and can affect the management of patients. Our view is that all commercial assay providers must ensure that users, as they can with laboratory-developed tests, are able to see the curve and Ct value for all samples. Some examples demonstrating this principle are included. Regulatory bodies have a key role to play.
Use and de-implementation of fecal occult blood tests in the acute care setting: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Russell Rebekah O , Arroliga Alejandro C , Myers Nanette L , Ogola Gerald O , McNeal Tresa M , Sonpal Niket , Cable Christian , Danesh Valerie 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
To determine methods of FOBT de-implementation in acute care practice while summarizing the reasons and contraindications for inappropriate FOBT in acute care settings. Fecal occult blood testing is valuable for colorectal cancer screening in ambulatory settings but is not valuable for diagnostics in acute care with consistent indications for discontinuation as a tradition-based practice.

Methods
We included all English language prospective and retrospective evaluation studies of FOBT use in acute care settings with or without de-implementation interventions and published as original research articles in peer-reviewed journals. A meta-analysis of FOBT positivity was conducted using a random effects model. Quality was assessed using Critical Appraisals Skills Programme criteria.

Results
Of 2471 abstract/titles screened, 157 full-text articles were reviewed, and 22 articles met inclusion criteria of measuring prevalence or de-implementation of FOBT use in acute care settings. All 22 studies evaluated either FOBT use or de-implementation. Twenty articles reported FOBT positivity, with some illustrating that FOBT results were inconsequential to subsequent endoscopy decisions (n = 7, 32%). The included studies represent a publication date range spanning 32 years, with limited documentation of de-implementation strategies. Four published studies described system-level disinvestment to administratively eliminate access to inpatient FOBT orders.

Conclusion
Overall, all studies endorse that the use of FOBTs in acute care settings results in increased workload and/or cost without diagnostic benefit. Critical appraisal of low-value tradition-based practices such as FOBT use in acute care settings are essential for deploying deliberate and effective de-implementation strategies.
Saliva-based point-of-care assay to measure the concentration of pyrazinamide using a mobile UV spectrophotometer
Authors: Chen Ricky Hao , Nguyen Thi Anh , Kim Hannah Yejin , Stocker Sophie L , Alffenaar Jan-Willem C 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Pyrazinamide, one of the first-line antituberculosis drugs, displays variability in drug exposure that is associated with treatment response. A simple, low-cost assay may be helpful to optimize treatment. This study aimed to develop and validate a point-of-care assay to quantify the concentration of pyrazinamide in saliva.

Methods
All measurements were conducted using the nano-volume drop function on the mobile ultraviolet (UV) spectrophotometer (NP80, Implen, Germany). Assay development involved applying second derivative spectroscopy in combination with the Savitzky–Golay filter between wavelengths of 200–300 nm to increase spectral resolution. Assay validation included assessing selectivity, linearity, accuracy, precision, carry-over and matrix effects. Specificity was also analysed by evaluating the impact of co-administered medications on pyrazinamide results. Sample stability was measured at various temperatures up to 40°C.

Results
The calibration curve (7.5–200 mg/L) was linear (R2 = 0.9991). The overall accuracy (bias%) and precision (CV%) ranged from −0.66% to 5.15%, and 0.56% to 4.95%, respectively. Carry-over and matrix effects were both acceptable with a bias% of &lt;±4% and CV% of &lt;7.5%. Commonly co-administered medications displayed negligible interferences. Levofloxacin displayed analytical interference (bias% = −10.21%) at pyrazinamide concentrations &lt; 25 mg/L, but this will have little clinical implications. Pyrazinamide was considered stable in saliva after 7 days in all storage conditions with a CV% of &lt;6.5% and bias% of &lt;±10.5% for both low- and high-quality control concentrations.

Conclusions
A saliva-based assay for pyrazinamide has been successfully developed and validated using the mobile UV spectrophotometer.
Quality of Life Assessment 4 Years after a More than 90% Total Body Surface Area in 2 Survivors with Burns: Case Report
Authors: Chang Stephanie , Malkoc Aldin , Cerceo Jaclyn R , Daoud Amanda , Wong David T 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT
There are few reports in the literature detailing the quality of life (QOL) of survivors with greater than 90% total body surface area burns. The objective was to assess 2 such individuals seen at our center with the Burn Specific Health Scale-Brief (BSHS-B) survey 4 years after discharge. Subject responses were categorized into their respective BSHS-B health domains (heat sensitivity, affect, hand function, treatment regimens, work, sexuality, interpersonal relationships, simple abilities, and body image), and a raw score was calculated for each domain. Lower scores indicated a greater perceived decrease in QOL. The 9 domains of BSHS-B survey questions were further separated into 3 categories: physical (hand function, work, and simple abilities), treatment (treatment regimens and heat sensitivity), and psychosocial (interpersonal relationships, affect, body image, and sexuality). The psychosocial category had higher scores and better outcomes, while the physical and treatment ones had lower scores and worse outcomes compared to the other categories. For both individuals, interpersonal relationships and simple task domains were considered important in their QOL, while work, heat sensitivity, and hand function received lower scores. Family support, intense physical rehabilitation, and psychosocial management were crucial during the postoperative and follow-up periods.
Potential of Cellulomonas fimi for polysaccharide-fueled microbial fuel cells
Authors: Hirose Naoto , Kazama Iori , Aso Yuji , Ohara Hitomi 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
To generate power from various biomass using microbial fuel cells (MFCs), microorganisms with high potential are essential. Therefore, this study examined the feasibility of using Cellulomonas fimi and Shewanella oneidensis as MFCs fueled by starch, cellulose, chitin, and chitosan. To our knowledge, this is the first report of power generation using C. fimi fueled by these polysaccharides other than cellulose, furthermore the first report of S. oneidensis fueled by chitosan. No differences were observed in the power generation capacities between C. fimi and S. oneidensis when chitin and chitosan were used. However, C. fimi demonstrated effective power generation from starch and cellulose, showing a maximum current density of 17.4 mA m−2 for starch and 38.8 mA m−2 for cellulose. Shewanella oneidensis could not utilize these fuels. Power generation using C. fimi fueled by starch and cellulose produced acetic acid, lactic acid, and formic acid. However, when chitin and chitosan were used, only acetic acid was produced. These results indicate that electron transfer from C. fimi to the anode may be inefficient. To improve power generation efficiency, it may be necessary to enhance electron transfer from the cells to the anode, e.g. by adding a mediator.
Challenges to School Success Among Children in U.S. Military Families
Authors: Soto Melissa , Crouch Elizabeth , Odahowski Cassie , Boswell Emma , Brown Monique J , Watson Paul 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction
More than 90% of children in military families attend civilian schools that may lack understanding of the unique experiences and stressors of military life. School success in children of military families has important implications on future academic achievement, health outcomes, and military groups; yet there has not been an examination of challenges of school success among children of military families in the United States using nationally representative data.

Materials and Methods
Data captured in the 2021-2022 National Survey of Children’s Health, limited to children aged 6 to 17 years, were used to examine the association between child’s caregiver military status and challenges of school success: lack of school engagement measured through caring about school and completing schoolwork, school absenteeism, and grade repetition (n = 60,599). Weighted to be nationally representative, bivariate analyses used chi-squared tests to examine estimates between selected variables and caregiver military status. Multivariable regression analyses were used to examine the association between caregiver military status and challenges of school success measures.

Results
In both unadjusted and adjusted analyses, we found that children of military families were more likely to not be engaged in school (adjusted odds ratios 1.35; 95% CI 1.19–1.53) and more likely to repeat a grade (adjusted odds ratios 1.33; 95% CI 1.09–1.64) than their civilian counterparts. There were no statistically significant differences in school absenteeism between children of military families and of civilian families.

Conclusions
This study extends beyond previous research findings that have focused primarily on academic achievement by including school engagement, attendance, and grade repetition for a more holistic and complete understanding of school success of children in military families. Our findings can be informational for school systems and policymakers to create educational and connective interventions for children in military families to improve school success.
Multiwavelength variability of the blazar AO 0235+164
Authors: Vlasyuk V V , Sotnikova Y V , Volvach A E , Mufakharov T V , Kovalev Y A , Spiridonova O I , Khabibullina M L , Kovalev Y Y , Mikhailov A G , Stolyarov V A , Kudryavtsev D O , Mingaliev M G , Razzaque S , Semenova T A , Kudryashova A K , Bursov N N , Trushkin S A , Popkov A V , Erkenov A K , Rakhimov I A , Kharinov M A , Gurwell M A , Tsybulev P G , Moskvitin A S , Fatkhullin T A , Emelianov E V , Arshinova A , Iuzhanina K V , Andreeva T S , Volvach L N , Ghosh A 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT
We present a study of the multiwavelength (MW) variability of the blazar AO 0235$+$164 based on the radio-to-$\gamma$-ray data covering a long time period from 1997 to 2023. The radio data are represented by the 1–22 GHz measurements from the SAO RAS RATAN-600 radio telescope, the 5 and 8 GHz data from the IAA RAS RT-32 telescopes, and the 37 GHz data from the RT-22 telescope of CrAO RAS. The optical measurements in the R-band were collected with the SAO RAS 1-m Zeiss-1000 and 0.5-m AS-500/2 telescopes. Additionally, we used the archive data at 230 GHz from the Submillimetre Array and the $\gamma$-ray data in the 0.1–100 GeV band from the Fermi-LAT point source 4FGL-DR2 catalogue. The variability properties during four epochs containing major flares and one epoch of relatively low activity were analysed using the fractional variability indices, discrete correlation functions, Lomb–Scargle periodograms, and structure functions. A significant correlation ($\ge \!2\sigma$) between the radio, optical, and $\gamma$-ray bands is found for all these periods with time delays from 0 to 1.7 yr. The relation between time delay and frequency is described by a linear law with a negative slope of $-10$ d GHz$^{-1}$. The discovered properties of MW variability for the low-activity period and for flaring states suggest that the mechanisms dominating the radio–$\gamma$-ray variations are not substantially different. The detected quasi-periodic oscillations of about 6 and 2 yr are tentative, as the time span of the observations includes fewer than four full cycles for the radio and optical data and only about three cycles for the Fermi-LAT data. These results should be interpreted with caution, given the limited number of observed cycles and the influence of red noise. We used cluster analysis to reliably separate the high and low-activity states and determined statistical differences in the main properties of AO 0235$+$164 non-thermal emission. The physical parameters of the radio jet were obtained using the Hedgehog model applied to the average radio spectrum of AO 0235$+$164 in the range 0.1–300 GHz. The effectiveness of replacing electrons with protons in the synchrotron radio emission of relativistic jets is shown for describing the nature of blazars and the generation of high-energy neutrinos.
Optimizing marked power spectra for cosmology
Authors: Cowell Jessica A , Alonso David , Liu Jia 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT
Marked power spectra provide a computationally efficient way to extract non-Gaussian information from the matter density field using the usual analysis tools developed for the power spectrum without the need for explicit calculation of higher-order correlators. In this work, we explore the optimal form of the mark function used for re-weighting the density field, to maximally constrain cosmology. We show that adding to the mark function or multiplying it by a constant leads to no additional information gain, which significantly reduces our search space for optimal marks. We quantify the information gain of this optimal function and compare it against mark functions previously proposed in the literature. We find that we can gain around $\sim 2$ times smaller errors in $\sigma _8$ and $\sim 4$ times smaller errors in $\Omega _\mathrm{m}$ compared to using the traditional power spectrum alone, an improvement of $\sim 60~{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ compared to other proposed marks when applied to the same data set.
A resolved, multiwavelength study of gas-rich dwarf galaxies in the Fornax cluster using MUSE, MeerKAT, and ALMA
Authors: Zabel Nikki , Loni Alessandro , Sarzi Marc , Serra Paolo , Chawla Arjun , Davis Timothy A , Kleiner Dane , Loubser S Ilani , Peletier Reynier 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT
We combine new and archival Multi-unit spectroscopic explorer (MUSE) observations with data from the MeerKAT Fornax Survey and the ALMA Fornax Cluster Survey to study the ionized, atomic, and molecular gas in six gas-rich dwarf galaxies in the Fornax cluster in detail. We compare the distributions and velocity fields of the three gas phases with each other, with MUSE white-light images, and with the stellar velocity fields. Additionally, we derive the resolved molecular Kennicutt–Schmidt relation for each object, and compare these with existing relations for field galaxies and for the Fornax and Virgo clusters. Finally, we explore global measurements such as gas deficiencies and star formation rates to paint as complete a picture of their evolutionary state as possible. We find that all six gas-rich dwarf galaxies have very disturbed interstellar medium, with all three gas phases being irregular both in terms of spatial distribution and velocity field. Most objects lie well below the Kennicutt–Schmidt relations from the literature. Furthermore, they are quite deficient in H i (with def$_{{\rm{H}{\small I}}}$ between $\sim$1 and $\sim$2 dex), and moderately deficient in H$_2$ (with def$_{\mathrm{ H}_{2}}$ between $\sim$0 and $\sim$1), suggesting that, while both cold gas phases are affected simultaneously, H i is removed in significant quantities before H$_2$. We suggest that these dwarfs are on their first infall into the cluster, and are in the process of transitioning from star-forming to passive. A combination of tidal interactions, mergers/pre-processing, and ram pressure stripping is likely responsible for these transformations.
HD 34736: an intensely magnetised double-lined spectroscopic binary with rapidly rotating chemically peculiar B-type components
Authors: Semenko E , Kochukhov O , Mikulášek Z , Wade G A , Alecian E , Bohlender D , Das B , Feliz D L , Janík J , Kolář J , Krtička J , Kudryavtsev D O , Labadie-Bartz J M , Mkrtichian D , Monin D , Petit V , Romanyuk I I , Shultz M E , Shulyak D , Siverd R J , Tkachenko A , Yakunin I A , Zejda M ,   the BinaMIcS collaboration
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT
We report the results of a comprehensive study of the spectroscopic binary (SB2) system HD 34736 hosting two chemically peculiar (CP) late B-type stars. Using new and archival observational data, we characterize the system and its components, including their rotation and magnetic fields. Fitting of the radial velocities yields $P_\mathrm{orb}=83\rm{.\!\!^{ {\rm{d}}}}219(3)$ and $e=0.8103(3)$. The primary component is a CP He-wk star with $T_{{\rm eff}A}$$\,\,=13000\pm 500$ K and $\upsilon _{\rm e}\sin i\,$$\,\,=75\pm 3$ km s$^{-1}\,$, while the secondary exhibits variability of Mg and Si lines, and has $T_{{\rm eff}B}$$\,\,=11500\pm 1000$ K and $\upsilon _{\rm e}\sin i\,$$\,\,=110$–180 km s$^{-1}\,$. Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite and Kilodegree Extremely Little Telescope photometry reveal clear variability of the primary component with a rotational period $P_{\mathrm{rot}A}=1\rm{.\!\!^{ {\rm{d}}}}279\, 988\, 5(11)$, which is lengthening at a rate of 1.26(6) s yr$^{-1}$. For the secondary, $P_{\mathrm{rot}B}=0\rm{.\!\!^{ {\rm{d}}}}522\, 693\, 8(5)$, reducing at a rate of $-0.14(3)$ s yr$^{-1}$. The longitudinal component $\langle B_{\rm z}\rangle$ of the primary’s strongly asymmetric global magnetic field varies from $-6$ to +5 kG. Weak spectropolarimetric evidence of a magnetic field is found for the secondary star. The observed X-ray and radio emission of HD 34736 may equally be linked to a suspected T Tau-like companion or magnetospheric emission from the principal components. Given the presence of a possible third magnetically active body, one can propose that the magnetic characteristics of the protostellar environment may be connected to the formation of such systems.
Systematic opacity calculations for kilonovae – II. Improved atomic data for singly ionized lanthanides
Authors: Kato Daiji , Tanaka Masaomi , Gaigalas Gediminas , Kitovienė Laima , Rynkun Pavel 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT
Lanthanides play the most important roles in the opacities for kilonova, ultraviolet–optical–infrared emission from neutron star mergers. Although several efforts have been made to construct atomic data, the accuracy of the opacity is not fully assessed and understood. In this paper, we perform atomic calculations for singly ionized lanthanides with improved strategies, aiming at understanding the physics of the lanthanide opacities in kilonova ejecta and necessary accuracy in atomic data. Our results show systematically lower energy level distributions as compared with our previous study (Paper I). As a result, the opacities evaluated with our new results are higher by a factor of up to $3 \!-\! 10$, depending on the element and wavelength range. For a lanthanide-rich element mixture, our results give a higher opacity than that in Paper I by a factor of about 1.5. We also present opacities by using the results of ab initio atomic calculations by using grasp2k code. In general, our new opacities show good agreements with those with ab initio calculations. We identify that structure of the lanthanide opacities is controlled by transition arrays among several configurations, for which derivation of accurate energy level distribution is important to obtain reliable opacities.
Ionization chemistry in the inner disc: a combined treatment of ionic and thermionic emission and arbitrary grain size distributions
Authors: Williams Morgan , Mohanty Subhanjoy 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT
In the inner regions of protoplanetary discs, ionization chemistry controls the fluid viscosity, and is thus key to understanding various accretion, outflow and planet formation processes. The ionization is driven by thermal and non-thermal processes in the gas phase, as well as by dust-gas interactions that lead to grain charging and ionic and thermionic emission from grain surfaces. The latter dust–gas interactions are moreover a strong function of the grain size distribution. However, analyses of chemical networks that include ionic/thermionic emission have so far only considered grains of a single size (or only approximately treated the effects of a size distribution), while analyses that include a distribution of grain sizes have ignored ionic/thermionic emission. Here, we (1) investigate a general chemical network, widely applicable in inner disc regions, that includes gas phase reactions, ionic and thermionic emission, and an arbitrary grain size distribution; (2) present a numerical method to solve this network in equilibrium; and (3) elucidate a general method to estimate the chemical time-scale. We show that (a) approximating a grain size distribution by an ‘effective dust-to-gas ratio’ (as done in previous work) can predict significantly inaccurate grain charges; and (b) grain charging significantly alters grain collisional time-scales in the inner disc. For conditions generally found in the inner disc, this work facilitates (i) calculation of fluid resistivities and viscosity; and (ii) inclusion of the effect of grain charging on grain fragmentation and coagulation (a critical effect that is often ignored).