bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
AGREEing on Guidelines for Nutrition Management of Adult Severe Burn Patients
Authors: Grammatikopoulou Maria G. , Theodoridis Xenophon , Gkiouras Konstantinos , Stamouli Eleni‐Maria , Mavrantoni Myrsini‐Eleni , Dardavessis Theodore , Bogdanos Dimitrios P. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractBackgroundSevere burns are associated with a plethora of profound metabolic, immunologic, and physiologic responses, demanding prompt and adequate management. The objective of the present study was to review, compare, and critically appraise medical nutrition therapy guidelines for adult patients with severe burns, and produce salient points for the future update of relevant guidelines.MethodsA total of 8 clinical practice guidelines developed by the American Burn Association (ABA), the European Burn Association (EBA), the European Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (ESPEN), the Midlands National Health Service, the Society for Critical Care Medicine (SCCM)/American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (ASPEN), the Spanish Society of Intensive Care Medicine and Coronary Units and Spanish Society of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition, the Indian Association for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (IAPEN), and the International Society for Burn Injury regarding medical nutrition therapy in burn patients was independently reviewed by a team of 4 multidisciplinary researchers using the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research & Evaluation (AGREE II) instrument.ResultsFrom the appraised guidelines, the SCCM/ASPEN guidelines received the greatest scoring in the majority of AGREE domains compared with ABA, EBA, and IAPEN, which obtained the lowest scores. On the other hand, the ESPEN guidelines provided the majority of information concerning nutrition support and medical nutrition therapy.ConclusionOur study identified gaps in most nutrition guidelines and emphasized methodologic issues that could improve the quality of future guidelines concerning nutrition support among adult severe burn patients.
Novel natural food preservatives and applications in seafood preservation: a review
Authors: Gokoglu Nalan 
Published: October 2018

AbstractFood preservative additives are natural or synthetic substances which delay degradation in foods caused by microbial growth, enzyme activity, and oxidation. Until recently, the use of synthetic additives in food was more common. However, synthetic additives have not been widely accepted by consumers in recent years due to their assumed adverse effects on their health. Therefore, the tendency of consumers to natural additives is increasing day‐by‐day. Seafood is an easily perishable food due to its chemical composition. Immediately after harvest, changes in odor, taste, and texture in fishery products can be noticed. For this reason, measures to protect the product must be taken immediately after harvest or catching. Various preservation methods have been developed. In addition to various technological methods, preservative additives are used in fresh or processed seafood as well as in other foods. This review focuses on novel natural preservatives from different sources such as plants, bacteria, fungi, animals and algae, and their use in seafood to protect quality and prolong shelf life. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
CHL1 expression differentiates Hürthle cell carcinoma from benign Hürthle cell nodules
Authors: Li Wei , Xia Shujun , Aronova Anna , Min Irene M. , Verma Akanksha , Scognamiglio Theresa , Gray Katherine D. , Ullmann Timothy M. , Liang Heng , Moore Maureen D. , Elemento Olivier , Zarnegar Rasa , Fahey Thomas J. 
Published: October 2018

Background and ObjectivesHürthle cell carcinoma (HCC) is an unusual and relatively rare type of differentiated thyroid cancer. Currently, cytologic analysis of fine‐needle aspiration biopsy is limited in distinguishing benign Hürthle cell neoplasms from malignant ones. The aim of this study was to determine whether differences in the expression of specific genes could differentiate HCC from benign Hürthle cell nodules by evaluating differential gene expression in Hürthle cell disease.MethodsEighteen benign Hürthle cell nodules and seven HCC samples were analyzed by whole‐transcriptome sequencing. Bioinformatics analysis was carried out to identify candidate differentially expressed genes. Expression of these candidate genes was re‐examined by quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR). Protein expression was quantified by immunohistochemistry.ResultsClose homolog of L1 (CHL1) was identified as overexpressed in HCC. CHL1 was found to have greater than 15‐fold higher expression in fragments per kilobase million in HCC compared with benign Hurthle cell tumors. This was confirmed by qRT‐PCR. Moreover, the immunoreactivity score of the CHL1 protein was significantly higher in HCC compared with benign Hürthle cell nodules.ConclusionsCHL1 expression may represent a novel and useful prognostic biomarker to distinguish HCC from benign Hürthle cell disease.
No survival improvement of contralateral prophylactic mastectomy among women with invasive lobular carcinoma
Authors: Yu Tian‐Jian , Liu Ying‐Ying , Hu Xin , Di Gen‐Hong 
Published: October 2018

Background and ObjectiveThe prognosis of contralateral prophylactic mastectomy (CPM) in women with breast cancer has been widely reported. Here, we evaluated the survival outcome among patients with invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) to determine the potential benefit of CPM.MethodsWe used the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database to identify patients with ILC diagnosed between 1998 and 2010. Survival differences were compared between unilateral mastectomy and CPM. Propensity score matching and risk‐stratified subgroup analyses were conducted to reduce selection bias.ResultsAmong 10 226 patients with ILC, 21.8% women underwent CPM, and the rate of CPM nearly tripled over a 13‐year period. Kaplan‐Meier curves and hazard ratio (HR) of non‐breast cancer‐specific survival (non‐BCSS) in multivariate analysis reflected a pre‐existing selection bias in the present cohort. A Cox proportional hazard model confirmed that patients who received CPM had significantly better BCSS and overall survival (OS) in the prematching population (BCSS: HR = 0.90; OS: HR = 0.93). However, the survival improvement could not be achieved in the postmatching cohort. None of the defined subgroups had OS benefits when CPM was performed.ConclusionsCPM offers no survival advantage to patients with ILC. The role of CPM among ILC women should be further investigated by incorporating more objective factors.
Coastal Texas black rail population states and survey effort
Authors: Tolliver James D. M. , Moore Amanda A. , Green M. Clay , Weckerly Floyd W. 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACTEastern black rails (Laterallus jamaicensis jamaicensis) are of conservation concern. These birds vocalize infrequently and inhabit dense vegetation, making them difficult to detect. We conducted the first large‐scale study of black rail occupancy and abundance in Texas, USA. We conducted point count surveys that were 6‐minute call‐playback broadcasts and detected rails acoustically. We fit 19 occupancy and 19 abundance models while accounting for imperfect detection. We used the top occupancy model to estimate the required survey effort to precisely estimate black rail occupancy with and without detection correction methods. We found that detection increased with moon phase but decreased with wind speed and ambient noise. Occupancy and abundance increased with cordgrass (Spartina spp.) and intermediate marsh cover. Estimates of mean occupancy (0.27 and 0.26) and abundance (1.08 and 1.00 rails/point) were similar between 2015 and 2016. Estimated survey efforts under mean (wind = 6–10 km/hr, lunar phase = half‐moon) and optimal (wind = 0–5 km/hr, lunar phase = full moon) environmental conditions were less for detection correction methods than for non‐correction methods. We also concluded that efforts to predict black rail presence from naïve occupancy estimates are impractical. Managers and researchers who wish to monitor black rails populations should use detection correction techniques when estimating occupancy and abundance. © 2018 The Wildlife Society.
Comment. What drives plankton seasonality in a stratifying shelf sea? Some competing and complementary theories
Authors: Atkinson Angus , Polimene Luca , Fileman Elaine S. , Widdicombe Claire E. , McEvoy Andrea J. , Smyth Tim J. , Djeghri Nicolas , Sailley Sévrine F. , Cornwell Louise E. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe Plymouth L4 time plankton series in the Western English Channel is a textbook example of a shallow, stratifying shelf sea system. Over its 30 yr of weekly sampling, this site has provided a diverse and contrasting suite of numerical and conceptual models of plankton bloom formation, phenology, and seasonal succession. The most recent of these papers, Kenitz et al. (2017) has initiated this comment, partly because we feel that it has presented a slightly misleading picture of the plankton composition at this site, and of a robust, recurring seasonal succession. We address this by illustrating the extent of inter‐annual variability in phenology that occurs at the site, and which needs to be captured better within models. However our main aim is to foster a much better integration of the variety of top‐down and bottom‐up processes that have all been suggested to be key in driving seasonal succession. Some of these, particularly the multiple grazing and growth controls contributing to the so‐called “loophole hypothesis” may be complementary, but others, such as the role of copepod feeding traits in driving species succession (Kenitz et al. 2017) offer testable competing hypotheses. The basic assumptions and outputs of all these models need to be validated more critically, both against time series data and process studies that include the finding of unselective feeding. We suggest that the variability in plankton phenology (and not just mean timing and amplitude) could be used to diagnose the performance of alternative models of plankton succession.
Perfluorodecalin‐infused patch in picosecond and Q‐switched laser‐assisted tattoo removal: Safety in Fitzpatrick IV–VI skin types
Authors: Vangipuram Ramya , Hamill Selina S. , Friedman Paul M. 
Published: October 2018

BackgroundThe topical transparent perfluorodecalin‐infused (PFD) silicone patch has been demonstrated to reduce epidermal whitening produced in association with laser‐assisted tattoo removal. This optical clearing agent has enabled multiple laser passes to be made in one treatment session. Previous studies using the PFD patch have showed enhanced clearance with picosecond and Q‐Switched lasers on blue/black tattoos in Fitzpatrick skin types I–III. We sought to explore the safety and efficacy of using the PFD patch with Q‐Switched and picosecond lasers in Fitzpatrick skin types IV–VI.Study Design/Materials and MethodA retrospective, single institution chart review was used to assess the safety of treating tattoos using the PFD patch with Q‐Switched and picosecond lasers in Fitzpatrick skin types IV–VI. A total of 14 patients, ages 23–66 with Fitzpatrick skin types IV–VI were treated with the PFD patches and liquid PFD using the picosecond (532, 785, and 1064 nm) and the Q‐switched Nd:YAG (1064 nm). The treated tattoos contained blue, black, red, green, purple, and pink ink. Patient reported adverse events were evaluated.ResultsThe PFD patch and liquid PFD were used with the picosecond (532, 785, 1064 nm) and the Q‐switched Nd:YAG (1064 nm) lasers to treat tattoos safely in 14 patients with Fitzpatrick skin types IV–VI. Furthermore, the PFD patch was used safely when treating tattoo containing blue, black, red, green, purple and pink ink. Multiple passes were better tolerated in patients when using the PFD patch. No adverse effects were reported.ConclusionOur retrospective chart review supports the safety and efficacy of the PFD patch in protecting the epidermis from thermal injury during laser‐assisted tattoo removal of multicolored tattoos in patients with Fitzpatrick skin types IV–VI. Lasers Surg. Med. 51:23–26, 2019. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Stimuli‐Responsive Release of Antimicrobials Using Hybrid Inorganic Nanoparticle‐Associated Drug‐Delivery Systems
Authors: Moorcroft Samuel C. T. , Jayne David G. , Evans Stephen D. , Ong Zhan Yuin 
Published: October 2018

AbstractRecently, the combination of metallic nanoparticles (NPs) of Au, Ag, Fe2O3, and Fe3O4 with traditional soft matter drug‐delivery systems has emerged as a promising strategy to achieve site‐specific and controlled release of antimicrobial agents. By harnessing the plasmonic and magnetic properties of inorganic NPs, the disruption of antibiotic‐loaded liposomes, polymersomes, and hydrogels can be remotely triggered by mechanisms such as photo‐ and magneto‐thermal effects, microbubble cavitation, magnetic positioning, and pH‐changes, hence offering significant advantages in improving antibacterial efficacy, reducing side effects, and in overcoming antimicrobial resistance. This review highlights the latest development of stimuli‐responsive antibiotic delivery systems incorporating inorganic NPs. The methods employed for preparation of hybrid inorganic NP‐associated drug‐delivery systems and the effects this has upon the system are discussed. Finally, a detailed exposition of the NP‐mediated triggering mechanisms is provided and pertinent examples of their use in antimicrobial applications are presented.
Poly(hydroxy acid) Nanoparticles for the Encapsulation and Controlled Release of Doxorubicin
Authors: Khuphe Mthulisi , Thornton Paul D. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractDiblock poly(hydroxy acid) copolymers are created by the sequential ring‐opening polymerization of l‐phenylalanine O‐carboxyanhydride and l‐lysine(carboxybenzyl) O‐carboxyanhydride, and l‐phenylalanine O‐carboxyanhydride and γ ‐benzyl l‐glutamic acid O‐carboxyanhydride. Upon protecting group removal, two amphiphilic block copolymers are formed that can self‐organize in aqueous solution to form spherical nanoparticles. Such nanoparticles are capable of encapsulating doxorubicin before allowing its programmed payload release upon incubation within acidic solution. Consequently, the reported biodegradable materials are highly promising candidates for deployment for the transport and programmed release of chemotherapeutics to acidic environments, such as cancerous tissue.
Pillararene‐Based Fluorescent Supramolecular Systems: The Key Role of Chain Length in Gelation
Authors: Song Nan , Lou Xin‐Yue , Hou Wei , Wang Chun‐Yu , Wang Yan , Yang Ying‐Wei 
Published: October 2018

AbstractFour supramolecular assemblies are fabricated from two pillararene tetramers with aggregation‐induced emission properties (SH and LH) and two different lengths of neutral guests with three binding sites (arms) for pillararene cavities (SG and LG) through host–guest interactions, and their fluorescent behaviors in organic solvent are investigated. SG⊂SH exhibits the largest fluorescent enhancement in chloroform due to supramolecular assembly‐induced emission enhancement, while only LG⊂LH turns into supramolecular gel with stimuli responsiveness owing to their most flexible arms.
Spoligotype‐based population structure of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the Jimma Zone, southwest Ethiopia
Authors: Abebe Gemeda , Abdissa Ketema , Abdella Kedir , Tadesse Mulualem , Worku Adane , Ameni Gobena 
Published: October 2018

AbstractBackgroundTo understand the population dynamics and propose more effective preventive strategies, defining the population structure of the circulating Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains is important.MethodsA total of 177 M. tuberculosis complex isolates from pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) cases in southwest Ethiopia were genotyped by spoligotyping. Of the strains included in this study, 126 were pan‐susceptible strains while the remaining 51 isolates were resistant to one or more first‐line anti‐TB drugs. The genotyping results were compared to the international spoligotyping (SITVIT) database of the Pasteur Institute of Guadeloupe and the newly revised publicly available international multi‐marker database (SITVITWEB/SPOLDB4). An online tool Run TB‐Lineage was also used to predict the major lineages using a conformal Bayesian network analysis.ResultsThe spoligotyping of the 177 isolates resulted in 69 different spoligotype patterns of which 127 (71.8%) were clustered into 19 spoligoclusters (with clustering rate of 61.02%). Each cluster contains 2–29 isolates. Of the isolates with corresponding SIT in SITVIT/SDB4, the predominant strains identified were SIT 37 of the T3 subfamily with 29 isolates followed by SIT 53 of the T1 subfamily with 20 isolates. SIT 777 of the H4 subfamily and SIT 25 of the CAS1_DELHI subfamily each consisting of six isolates were identified. Eighty spoligotype patterns were orphan as they were not recorded in the SITVIT2/SPDB4 database. Further classification of the isolates on the basis of major lineages showed that 82.5% and 14.1% of the isolates belonged to Euro‐American and East African Indian lineages, respectively, while 2.8% of the isolates belonged to Mycobacterium africanum and 0.6% to Indo‐Oceanic.ConclusionThe ill‐defined T and H clades were predominant around Jimma. The substantial number of orphans recorded in the study area warrants for additional studies with genotyping methods with better resolution and covering whole areas of southwest Ethiopia.
Respiratory‐ and cardiac motion‐corrected simultaneous whole‐heart PET and dual phase coronary MR angiography
Authors: Munoz Camila , Neji Radhouene , Kunze Karl P. , Nekolla Stephan G. , Botnar Rene M. , Prieto Claudia 
Published: October 2018

PurposeTo develop a framework for efficient and simultaneous acquisition of motion‐compensated whole‐heart coronary MR angiography (CMRA) and left ventricular function by MR and myocardial integrity by PET on a 3T PET‐MR system.MethodsAn acquisition scheme based on a dual‐phase CMRA sequence acquired simultaneously with cardiac PET data has been developed. The framework is integrated with a motion‐corrected image reconstruction approach, so that non‐rigid respiratory and cardiac deformation fields estimated from MR images are used to correct both the CMRA (respiratory motion correction for each cardiac phase) and the PET data (respiratory and cardiac motion correction). The proposed approach was tested in a cohort of 8 healthy subjects and 6 patients with coronary artery disease. Left ventricular (LV) function estimated from motion‐corrected dual‐phase CMRA was compared to the gold standard estimated from a stack of 2D CINE images for the healthy subjects. Relative increase of signal in motion‐corrected PET images compared to uncorrected images was computed for standard 17‐segment polar maps for each patient.ResultsMotion‐corrected dual‐phase CMRA images allow for visualization of the coronary arteries in both systole and diastole for all healthy subjects and cardiac patients. LV functional indices from healthy subjects result in good agreement with the reference method, underestimating stroke volume by 3.07 ± 3.26 mL and ejection fraction by 0.30 ± 1.01%. Motion correction improved delineation of the myocardium in PET images, resulting in an increased 18F‐FDG signal of up to 28% in basal segments of the myocardial wall compared to uncorrected images.ConclusionThe proposed motion‐corrected dual‐phase CMRA and cardiac PET produces co‐registered good quality images in both modalities in a single efficient examination of ~13 min.
Magnetic resonance field fingerprinting
Authors: Körzdörfer Gregor , Jiang Yun , Speier Peter , Pang Jianing , Ma Dan , Pfeuffer Josef , Hensel Bernhard , Gulani Vikas , Griswold Mark , Nittka Mathias 
Published: October 2018

PurposeTo develop and evaluate the magnetic resonance field fingerprinting method that simultaneously generates T1, T2, B0, and maps from a single continuous measurement.MethodsAn encoding pattern was designed to integrate true fast imaging with steady‐state precession (TrueFISP), fast imaging with steady‐state precession (FISP), and fast low‐angle shot (FLASH) sequence segments with varying flip angles, radio frequency (RF) phases, TEs, and gradient moments in a continuous acquisition. A multistep matching process was introduced that includes steps for integrated spiral deblurring and the correction of intravoxel phase dispersion. The method was evaluated in phantoms as well as in vivo studies in brain and lower abdomen.ResultsSimultaneous measurement of T1, T2, B0, and is achieved with T1 and T2 subsequently being less afflicted by B0 and variations. Phantom results demonstrate the stability of generated parameter maps. Higher undersampling factors and spatial resolution can be achieved with the proposed method as compared with solely FISP–based magnetic resonance fingerprinting. High‐resolution B0 maps can potentially be further used as diagnostic information.ConclusionThe proposed magnetic resonance field fingerprinting method can estimate T1, T2, B0, and maps accurately in phantoms, in the brain, and in the lower abdomen.
Response of Brook Trout Biomass to Strategic Wood Additions in the East Branch Nulhegan River Watershed, Vermont
Authors: Kratzer Jud F. 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Historic logging and log driving have severely degraded fish habitat in many northeastern United States rivers, including the East Branch Nulhegan River, Vermont. To improve the habitat of Brook Trout Salvelinus fontinalis, 43 large woody material structures were constructed using chain saws and grip hoists in the East Branch Nulhegan River and two of its tributaries. The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of these “strategic wood additions” on Brook Trout biomass. Nine pairs of control and treatment sites were electrofished annually for 2 years prior to wood additions and for 4 years afterward. Wood loading increased at treatment sites by 183 to 1,557 pieces/ha, resulting in total wood loadings at these sites ranging from 251 to 1,557 pieces/ha (18 to 66 pieces per 100 m). By the second year of posttreatment sampling, average Brook Trout biomass at treatment sites had approximately tripled. Mean Brook Trout biomass decreased at control sites the first year after wood was added but then rebounded to pretreatment levels, suggesting that added wood contributed to a net increase in Brook Trout abundance in the system and did not simply concentrate fish in favorable habitats. Fisheries managers can consider strategic wood additions as a potential tool for improving Brook Trout habitat and bolstering their populations in streams where the lack of large wood is the most important limiting factor.