bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The North-South Divide in Italy: Reality or Perception?
Authors: Musolino Dario 
Published: November 2018

Although the literature about the objective socio-economic characteristics of the Italian North-South divide is wide and exhaustive, the question of how it is perceived is much less investigated and studied. Moreover, the consistency between the reality and the perception of the North-South divide is completely unexplored. The paper presents and discusses some relevant analyses on this issue, using the findings of a research study on the stated locational preferences of entrepreneurs in Italy. Its ultimate aim, therefore, is to suggest a new approach to the analysis of the macro-regional development gaps.
What emerges from these analyses is that the perception of the North-South divide is not consistent with its objective economic characteristics. One of these inconsistencies concerns the width of the ‘perception gap’, which is bigger than the ‘reality gap’. Another inconsistency concerns how entrepreneurs perceive in their mental maps regions and provinces in Northern and Southern Italy. The impression is that Italian entrepreneurs have a stereotyped, much too negative, image of Southern Italy, almost a ‘wall in the head’, as also can be observed in the German case (with respect to the East-West divide).
Transnational Networks of Pork Production: Fragile Linkages between Germany and CEE Countries
Authors: Klein Oliver 
Published: November 2018

The intention of this paper is to explore the internationalization efforts of German pork producers towards Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) with a special focus on recent dynamics, market development strategies and policy conditions. The added-value potentials offered by CEE countries have become increasingly lucrative for the German pork industry, particularly as the domestic market currently shows a certain degree of saturation in terms of consumption. The results of this study which is mainly based on qualitative interviews with selected pork producers from North-West Germany reveal that transnational pork production networks between Germany and CEE are shaped by a high degree of fragility and discontinuity. This is reflected not only by the fluctuating development of foreign trade in piglets, live hogs and pork products, but also by the uncertainty and hesitancy of the interviewed pork producers with regard to business operations in CEE markets. It will be shown that the policy conditions on the national level still have a clear impact on internationalization processes in the pork industry. The paper further illustrates that the configuration of transnational pork production networks can be explained, in part, by insights from the global production networks (GPN) and the agri-food geographies literature.
HUBUNGAN POSISI KERJA DENGAN KELUHAN MUSKULOSKELETAL PADA UNIT PENGELASAN PT. X BEKASI
Authors: Jalajuwita Rovanaya Nurhayuning , Paskarini Indriati 
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACTThis study was conducted to analyze the relation between body position with musculoskeletal complaints in welding unit of PT. X Bekasi. Welding is an important part of a steel fabrication company. Workers in the welding influenced by the position of work, the posture of their body of work and performance at work. Jobs that forced the labor to not an ergonomic posture when working cause workers had faster experience fatigue and indirectly provide additional workload. Health effects that arised as a result of an unergonomic worked postures are musculoskeletal disorders .This research is an observational research with cross sectional approach design. 32 workers were chosen as sample by using simple random sampling technique. Data were obtained by measuring, observing used Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA), and filling out questionnaire Nordic Body Map (NBM). Spearman rho correlation test was used to analyse the relation between variables. As many as 68.6% workers had a weak risk of having musculoskeletal disorder (REBA score of 4-7) and 62.5% workers had a weak level of musculoskeletal complaint. Based on the results of this study concluded that body position were significantly related to musculoskeletal complaints. There was a weak significant relationship between body position and musculoskeletal complaints (pvalue= 0.005). It is suggested to companies that provide training on ergonomic working position when welding perform. Keywords: Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA), Nordic Body Map (NBM), body position and musculoskeletal complaints
HUBUNGAN PREDISPOSING FACTOR DENGAN PERILAKU PENGGUNAAN APD
Authors: Andriyanto Muhammad Rizky 
Published: November 2018

The use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) is one of the risk control measures that aim to protect workers from safety and health hazards. The purpose of this study was to analyze factors related to the behavior of the use of PPE in Production Unit I PT Petrokimia Gresik. This research was an analytic-observational research with cross sectional design. Sample in this research were 100 workers. The result was presented in the form of frequency distributions and cross-tabulations then analyzed by chi-square statistic. The results showed that the majority of the workers were well behaved in the use of PPE in the workplace. Statistical analysis showed that the knowledge (p = 0.019; r = 0.346) was the significant factors related to the behavior of the use of PPE and have lower relationships. The conclusion was that the higher the level of knowledge, the better behavior in the use of PPE, while suggestions for the company is the need to increase the amount of training related to K3 especially regarding PPE informally, supervisors to be more assertive to punish or sanction against employees who violate the rules, no matter the level of education, age, and length of service, and the need to increase K3-related surveillance and establish good communication with workers. Keywords: behavior, personal protective equipment, policies, Gresik, fertilizers and chemicals
IDENTIFIKASI HAZARDPADA PEKERJA KONTRAKTOR SIPIL DENGAN METODE CSMS DI PT. X PASURUAN
Authors: Sari Tanti Olivina 
Published: November 2018

Hazard is always available on every work process in the workplace and each hazard has a different level of potential hazard, and therefore needs to be done identification hazard. Contractor Safety Management System (CSMS) Program in PT. X applied to prevent and suppress the occurrence of a hazard to the civilian contractors. This study was conducted to identify the hazard to workers civilian contractors using CSMS PT. X Pasuruan. This research was an observational descriptive and presented in the narrative. Identification of hazard in stage are pre-work activities and execution of work at civilian contractor PT. X Pasuruan. The data collection method was by observation, indepth interview, and interviews. The results showed on the stage of pre-employment activities PT.1 as a civilian contractor company in cooperation with PT. X Pasuruan, meets only 14 subjects (93.3%). At the stage of implementation of the work there are two items that realization is not achieved, and at the final evaluation stage there are three items that are below 80% votes and does not meet the requirements. Risk of harm to the contractor civilians in the workplace can be prevented to a minimum, it was because a good management system in the company. Companies obedient in carrying CSMS program regulating health and safety management systems of work, by making the program a monitoring schedule for the work progresses and increasing Awareness to contractors, by providing training in occupational health and safety aspects.Keywords: identification, potential hazard
EVALUASI PELAKSANAAN INSPEKSI APD DI H2, CO2 DAN DRY ICE PLANT DI PT. X KAWASAN GRESIK
Authors: Chairunnisa Cynintya Rahmi , Suwandi Tjipto 
Published: November 2018

Hazards are potentially harmful. In the gas industry that has raw materials, tools / machinery, production and hazardous environment must use the completely and correctly. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the implementation of safety inspection and compliance with the use of PPE in H2, CO2 and dry ice plant in PT. X Region Gresik.This research is descriptive observational research, using cross sectional research design. The sample was 6 workers as sample interview and observation and 1 (one) HSE officer as sample of interview. The data collection includes safety inspection and the compliance of plant workers in the use of PPE. The data analysis used in this research is presented in tabular and narrative form, then using cross tabulation to see whether there is a correlation between the conformity of the number of PPE, the condition of PPE to the worker compliance in the use of PPE.The results showed that majority workers did not use PPE, the number of is not suitable with the number of workers, the condition of PPE is not feasible and compliance of the use of PPE plant workers is still low. Significant linkage between the availability of PPE TO compliance with the use of and the lack of significant correlation between the condition of PPE to the compliance of usage.The conclusion of this research is low frequency of safety inspection. Should increase frequency of safety inspection. And also HSE officer officer in carrying out safety inspection. The suggestion is to increase the compliance of workers in the use of PPE. Keywords: Safety inspection , PPE.
THE RISK FACTORS FOR DRUG INDUCED HEPATITIS IN PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS PATIENTS IN DR. SOETOMO HOSPITAL
Authors: Soedarsono Soedarsono , Mandayani Sari , Prayuni Kinasih , Yuliwulandari Rika 
Published: November 2018

Tuberculosis (TB) is still a major public health problem in Indonesia. Anti-tuberculosis drug-induced hepatotoxicity (DIH) is common side effect leading to changes in treatment regimens, and the less effective second-line treatments. Several risk factors such as age, sex, body mass index (BMI) and acetylization status for hepatotoxicity were suggested in previous studies but in the fact, those are often not related to DIH incidence after receiving standard TB treatment regimen. The aim of this study was to asses the role of risk factors in the DIH incidence in pulmonary TB patients receiving standard TB treatment regimen in Dr. Soetomo Hospital, Surabaya. Study design was analytic observational with case control. The subjects were 30 TB DIH patients and 31 TB non-DIH patients receiving standard national TB program therapy. DIH severity was divided based on International DIH Expert Working Group. Demographic data and BMI status were taken from medical records. The age classification are ≥35 years old and <35 years old as one of the risk factors studied. DNA sequencing was used to assess single-nucleotide polymorphisms in NAT2 coding region to evaluate acetylator status from blood samples. The risk factors were evaluated using chi-square test and Mantel-Haenszel test. Significant association between low BMI and DIH in general was identified (OR=3.017; 95% CI=1.029-8.845) and more significant association between low BMI and moderate DIH (OR=15.833; 95% CI=1.792-139.922). Age, sex, and acetylization status has no significant correlation with DIH incidence in general. Significant association between slow acetylator phenotype and incidence of moderate DIH was identified (OR=7.125; 95% CI= 1.309-38.711). In conclusion, some risk factors were correlated to DIH incidence in pulmonary TB patientsreceiving standart TB treatment regimen.
Dukungan Sosial dalam Melakukan Vasektomi di Kecamatan Tanggulangin Kabupaten Sidoarjo
Authors: Cahyani Dwi Ayu 
Published: November 2018

According to BKKBN, men are still minimal to want to do a vasectomy because they think there are many other contraceptives, lack of knowledge about vasectomy, and also the myths circulating in the community about vasectomy. Sidoarjo regency growth rate according to BPS East Java in 2015 was 1.60%, growth rate of Sidoarjo regency was the highest in East Java compared to other districts. Tanggulangin sub-district was the second lowest districts of active male KB participants from 18 districts in Sidoarjo District. The purpose of this study was to analyze social support that affect the participation of men in doing Vasectomy in Tanggulangin sub-district, Sidoarjo Regency. The kind of research used was observational with descriptive research method, because that was done to identify influencing behavior factors of man whom lack participation in family planning. The research design that used was cross sectional because just describes the relationship between social support factors with men doing vasectomy. Respondents were taken from the population using purposive sampling 50 people in total. The conclusion of this study is the level of social support by respondents who do not do vasectomy concluded enough with the details of respondents who have low social support as much as 16%, who have enough social support as much as 70% and who have high social support as much as 14% . Based on the result of the research, it was suggested to conduct routine socialization and service activities, provide assistance to KB cadres and PLKB and provide information and education about male KB to wife and also mass media.
Jumlah Koloni pada Media Kultur Bakteri yang Berasal dari Thallus dan Perairan Sentra Budidaya Kappaphycus alvarezii di Sumenep <br><i>[Number of Colonies in Bacterial Culture Media from Thallus and Waters of Cultivation Center of Kappaphycus alvarezii in Sumenep]<i>
Authors: Arisandi Apri , Tamam Badrud , Yuliandari Raini 
Published: November 2018

AbstrakKappaphycus alvarezii merupakan salah satu rumput laut yang banyak diminta oleh pasar internasional, tetapi saat itu terjadi kegagalan budidaya akibat bakteri pathogen. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kelompok bakteri apa yang menginfeksi rumput laut (Kappaphycus alvarezii). Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan kultur bakteri yang berasal dari thallus dan perairan pada media PCA, selanjutnya dilakukan pengujian angka lempeng total (ALT). ALT menunjukkan jumlah koloni bakteri yang mendominasi pada suatu media kultur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jumlah koloni bakteri yang berasal dari media perairan lebih tinggi dibanding yang berasal dari thallus Kappaphycus alvarezii AbstractKappaphycus alvarezii is widely demanding seaweed in the global market, although many farmers face crop failure which is caused by pathogenic bacteria. This research aims to investigate the group of infectious bacteria from Kappaphycus alvarezii seaweed. Bacteria isolated from thallus were cultivated on PCA medium, then the total plate count was determined. The total plate count demontrates the the number of colony dominated on the culture medium. This research showed that bacterium colony derived from aquatic medium is greater than from Kappaphycus alvarezii thallus.
Postoperative Gait Mechanics After Total Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: Moyer Rebecca , Lanting Brent , Marsh Jacquelyn , Al-Jurayyan Abdulaziz , Churchill Laura , Howard James , Somerville Lyndsay 
Published: November 2018

Background:
Total hip arthroplasty is recommended by clinical practice guidelines for improving pain in patients with severe hip osteoarthritis, yet functional limitations may persist postoperatively. The effects of the surgical approach on postoperative gait biomechanics may influence these limitations after total hip arthroplasty but are currently not well established. The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences in postoperative gait biomechanical differences, at early and late follow-up, in patients with hip osteoarthritis who underwent total hip arthroplasty using different surgical approaches.

Methods:
Four electronic databases were searched from their inception to December 2016. Four pairs of reviewers independently determined study eligibility, rated study quality, and extracted data. Pooled estimates for each meta-analysis were obtained using a random-effects model. Mean differences (MDs) and standardized mean differences (SMDs) were calculated for spatiotemporal, kinematic, and kinetic gait variables at early (≤3 months) and late (≥6 months) postoperative follow-up. The posterior, anterior, direct lateral, and anterolateral approaches were compared using the mean postoperative differences between approaches, standard deviations, and sample sizes.

Results:
Nineteen studies (757 participants) were included. Individual and pooled effect sizes for the differences between approaches were inconsistent, with minimal significant differences at early or late follow-up. A significant increase in step length was observed after the posterior approach compared with the anterolateral approach at early (SMD = 0.68, p = 0.035) and late (SMD = 0.46, p = 0.032) follow-up, as well as a significant increase in hip adduction moment after the posterior approach compared with the lateral approach at early follow-up (SMD = 0.70, p = 0.020). Effect sizes ranged from small to very large, but too few studies comparing similar surgical approaches, as well as inconsistent reporting of outcome measures, limited the ability to pool data.

Conclusions:
These findings suggest little early or late postoperative difference in gait biomechanics between surgical approaches. Although some significant differences between surgical approaches exist, determining whether the reported postoperative gait value differences are clinically meaningful remains a substantial challenge for the interpretation of these findings.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level II. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
A case report of visual outcome in keratoconus with retinitis pigmentosa
Authors: Hou Chiun-Ho , Chen Yun-Wen , Lin Ken-Kuo , Lee Jiahn-Shing , See Lai-Chu , Cho Wan-Hua 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Background: It is uncommon to see retinitis pigmentosa in keratoconus patients. The main difficulty of visual rehabilitation for this is restricted visual field. We presented the treatment and gene screen of visual system homeobox 1 (VSX 1) gene in this case.
Case presentation: A 24-year-old man with retinitis pigmentosa presented with progressively blurred vision. Slit lamp examination revealed Vogt’s striae over both eyes, and corneal topography indicated bilateral keratoconus. We had tested 5 exons of VSX 1 gene from him and the did not find mutation on direct sequence. To improve visual acuity, we prescribed keratoconus rigid gas permeable (RGP) contact lens for him with good efficacy. However, lens dislocation occurred occasionally. He could not find dislocated lens easily due to visual field restriction, so he asked for more stable visual aids. Therefore, we instead prescribed scleral lens (SL), which were more stable on the ocular surface and led to more stable vision. Visual acuity was also gained with SL, but the tolerance time for SL was shorter compared to that of keratoconus RGP contact lens. To compare the efficacy of these two lenses, we surveyed life quality using the National Eye Institute Visual Functioning Questionnaire – 25 in three situations: baseline, with keratoconus RGP contact lens, and with SL.
Conclusion: The patient used the two lens types according to his needs, and benefited from vision rehabilitation with both keratoconus RGP contact lens and SL.
Keywords: keratoconus; retinitis pigmentosa; rigid gas permeable contact lenses; scleral lenses.
Impact of Soil Filtration on Metals, Nutrients, and Estrogenic Activity of Reclaimed Water
Authors: Singer Rebecca , Brown Sally 
Published: November 2018

This study examined the impact of soil filtration on water quality for reclaimed water from two municipal wastewater treatment processes with two soils (forest and farm). Soils were watered for 16 wk. Nutrients (NO3–N, NH3–N, and PO4−3), electrical conductivity, hardness, pH, total metals, and estrogenic activity in source and effluents were measured. Results were evaluated in reference to current regulations in Washington State. Both reclaimed waters met standards for unrestricted agricultural use but did not meet current state regulations for ecological use. Metal concentrations in reclaimed waters were generally similar to the control (tap water). Both source and soil filtered water met Washington State stream water criteria for chronic exposure for As but exceeded groundwater standards. Concentrations of Cd, Pb, Ag, and Zn in the effluents were similar or slightly elevated to reclaimed source water for both soils and water types. Soil filtration improved water quality to levels within Washington State regulatory limits for ecological use for Cd, Cu, and Zn but decreased water quality for Pb for both soil and reclaimed water types. Phosphate concentrations were reduced by soil filtration, but NO3− concentrations were increased for both soils and all water types above source water concentrations. The estrogenic activity of the sand‐filtered water decreased to near detection limits in the forest soil and by >200% in the farm soil. The degradation in water quality (increased NO3−, As, and Mn) after soil filtration observed in this study would likely occur with any water type, including rainwater.Core Ideas
Irrigation with reclaimed water can augment stream flows through subsurface flow.
Filtration through soil can improve or degrade the chemical characteristics of the water.
We found marked reductions in estrogenic activity for reclaimed water filtered through soil.
Total and available metal concentrations were similar in water before and after soil filtration.
Nanostructured Systems in Advanced Drug Targeting for the Cancer Treatment: Recent Patents
Authors: Anaya-Ruiz Maricruz , Bandala Cindy , Landeta Gerardo , Martínez-Morales Patricia , Zumaquero-Rios Jose L. , Sarracent-Pérez Jorge , Pérez-Santos Martín 
Published: November 2018

Background: Cancer is one of the leading causes of death in the world and it is necessary to develop new strategies for its treatment because most therapies have limited access to many types of tumors, as well as low therapeutic efficacy and high toxicity.Objective:The present research aims to identify recent patents of drug delivery nanostructured systems that may have application in improving cancer treatment.Methods:Recent patents regarding the drug delivery nanostructured systems for cancer treatment were obtained from the patent databases of the six main patent offices of the world: United States Patent and Trademark Office, European Patent Office, World Intellectual Property Organization, Japan Patent Office, State Intellectual Property Office of China and Korean Intellectual Property Office.Results:A total of 1710 patent documents from 1998 to 2017 including &quot;drug delivery nanostructured systems for cancer treatment&quot; were retrieved. The top five countries in patent share were USA, China, South Korea, Canada and Germany. The universities and enterprises of USA had the highest amount of patents followed by institutions from China.Conclusion:There is a strong tendency for the development of new nanostructured systems for the release of drugs; particularly, in recent years, the development of nanoparticles has focused on nanodiscs, gold nanoparticles and immunoliposomes.