bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Milling performance of waxy wheat and wild‐type wheat using two laboratory milling methods
Authors: Xu Bin , Mense Andrew , Ambrose Kingsly , Graybosch Robert , Shi Yong‐Cheng 
Published: July 2018

AbstractBackground and objectivesFlour and starch from waxy wheat (Triticum aestivum L) have unique properties such as high water‐holding capacity, low pasting temperature, low syneresis, and high resistance to retrogradation. However, the milling performance of waxy wheat was not well documented. In this study, the milling quality of a waxy wheat (Mattern) was evaluated by comparing its flour yield, chemical composition, flow properties, and particle size distribution with that of two wild‐type hard red winter (HRW) wheats (Wesley and Everest) using two laboratory milling methods. The effects of moisture level and tempering time on milling behavior for the waxy wheat (Mattern) were examined and compared with that of wild‐type wheat.FindingsWaxy wheat (Mattern) seemed to require more moisture during tempering than wild‐type wheats to achieve a similar drop in SKCS hardness. For Mattern, the overall grain hardness drop was minimal when tempering to moisture contents below 17.5%. When the tempering moisture content increased from 13% to 17.5%, the flour yield increased, but decreased after 17.5% moisture content. Tempering Mattern to 16% and higher resulted in a higher bran yield compared with shorts yield, although the yield of the shorts from Mattern was significantly greater than that of the shorts from both wild‐type wheats. The flour yield of Mattern was 65.1%, which was significantly lower than that of both wild‐type wheats (73.1% for Wesley and 72.2% for Everest).ConclusionsAt the same moisture content (16%), the hardness of the waxy wheat (Mattern) kernel decreased at a slower rate than the wild‐type wheat during tempering for 48 hr. The flour yield of the waxy wheat (Mattern) was significantly lower than that of wild‐type wheat. Mattern flour was less free‐flowing and more adhesive than the wild‐type HRW flour, mainly due to its smaller particle size and higher fat content.Significance and noveltyHigher optimal tempering moisture was needed to mill the waxy wheat (Mattern), and the yield of waxy wheat flour was maximized when the kernels were tempered at 17.5% moisture for 24 hr.
Congenital multiple coronary arteriovenous fistulas
Authors: Lacalzada‐Almeida Juan , García‐Niebla Javier , Izquierdo‐Gómez María M. , Marí‐López Belén , Laynez‐Cerdeña Ignacio , Bosa‐Ojeda Francisco 
Published: July 2018

Key Clinical MessageCoronary arteriovenous fistulas are congenital or acquired abnormalities characterized by abnormal communication between the coronary circulation and cardiac chambers or other vessels. Frequently, patients are asymptomatic and their diagnosis can be carried out incidentally by echocardiography. Knowing the echocardiographic findings characteristic of this malformation will prevent the diagnosis from going unnoticed.
Enhancing Reactivity and Selectivity of Aryl Bromides: A Complementary Approach to Dibenzo[b,f]azepine Derivatives
Authors: Casnati Alessandra , Fontana Marco , Coruzzi Giovanni , Aresta Brunella Maria , Corriero Nicola , Maggi Raimondo , Maestri Giovanni , Motti Elena , Della Ca' Nicola 
Published: July 2018

AbstractDihydrodibenzo[b,f]azepines and dibenzo[b,f]azepines can be efficiently synthesized from aryl bromides, o‐bromoanilines and norbornene or norbornadiene by means of palladium catalysis. This protocol gives access to dibenzo[b,f]azepine core containing a variety of electron‐withdrawing substituents on both aromatic rings and complements the previously reported methodology where electron rich aryl iodides were preferentially used. The presence of KI, even in sub‐stoichiometric amount, is crucial for this three‐component reaction. The proper addition of iodide anions has a dramatic effect on reaction rate and selectivity. A formal three‐step synthesis of the tricyclic antidepressant Clomipramine (Anafranil®) is also described.
A New Strategy for Outstanding Performance and Durability in Acidic Fuel Cells: A Small Amount Pt Anchored on Fe, N co‐Doped Graphene Nanoplatelets
Authors: Kim Jeongwon , Kim Changmin , Jeon In‐Yup , Baek Jong‐Beom , Ju Young‐Wan , Kim Guntae 
Published: July 2018

AbstractDevelopment of cost‐effective and efficient electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is one of the most important topics in the polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). Herein, we suggested the enhanced electrochemical catalyst with nanoscale platinum anchored on iron (Fe) and nitrogen (N) co‐doped graphene nanoplatelets (Pt/FeN‐GnPs) with low content of Pt. The nanoscale platinum particles are uniformly anchored on the surface of FeN‐GnPs and result in excellent oxygen reduction activity and stability in acidic media. The fascinating interaction between Pt particles and FeN−GnPs substrate contributed to advanced oxygen reduction activity, outstanding cell performance, and remarkable high stability for acidic PEM fuel cells.
A Highly‐Efficient Composite Separator with Strong Ligand Interaction for High‐Temperature Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Waqas Muhammad , Tan Chao , Lv Weiqiang , Ali Shamshad , Boateng Bismark , Chen Wenjin , Wei Zhaohuan , Feng Chao , Ahmed Junaid , Goodenough John B. , He Weidong 
Published: July 2018

AbstractA PVDF‐HFP/colloidal‐TiO2 composite separator is synthesized for high‐temperature lithium‐ion batteries. Incorporation of colloidal TiO2 in the PVDF‐HFP matrix forms a highly‐uniform composite micro‐structure with strong adsorption interactions between TiO2 and PVDF‐HFP due to the presence of citric acid. The strong interactions are giving rise to advantageous mechanical robustness, separator/electrode interface and electrolyte uptake. The separator shows remarkable stability upon thermal treatment at 150 °C. With a high ionic conductivity up to 1.57×10−3 S cm−1, the LFP/Li cell with PVDF‐HFP/colloidal‐TiO2 composite separator delivers charge‐discharge capacities of 156.95 mAh g−1 (0.1 C) at room temperature and 120.8 mAh g−1 (0.5 C) after annealing cells at 140 °C for 3 hours with a 99 % capacity retention after 100 cycles. The PVDF‐HFP/colloidal‐TiO2 separator demonstrates promising potentials for practical applications in high‐temperature environments.
How Positive and Neo‐Aristotelian Leadership Can Contribute to Ethical Leadership
Authors: Meyer Marcel , Sison Alejo José G. , Ferrero Ignacio 
Published: July 2018

AbstractVirtuous leadership is crucial for advancing leadership ethics. By comparing Positive Leadership and its notion of virtuousness with neo‐Aristotelian leadership based on virtue, this article sheds light on this research field. We expound on the differences and commonalities between the two and present possibilities of how they can enrich each other and further ethical leadership theory. Our findings concern the purported Aristotelian roots of virtuousness, the relative strengths and weaknesses of the positive and the neo‐Aristotelian approaches, and the interplay between technical skills and ethical excellence in leadership. We propose the adoption of practical managerial tools and procedures from Positive Leadership, making them dependent upon the virtues to achieve flourishing within organizations and society at large. © 2018 ASAC. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Inside Cover: Synthetic Strategies for Constructing Two‐Dimensional Metal‐Organic Layers (MOLs): A Tutorial Review (Chin. J. Chem. 8/2018)
Authors: Cao Lingyun , Wang Tingting , Wang Cheng 
Published: July 2018

The inside cover picture shows Metal‐organic layer (MOL), the two‐dimensional analog of metal‐organic framework (MOF), is a new member of two‐dimensional materials. This tutorial review summarizes current synthetic approaches for MOL preparation. More details are discussed in the article by Wang et al. on page 754–764.
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Layered Boron–Nitrogen–Carbon–Oxygen Materials with Tunable Composition as Lithium‐Ion Battery Anodes
Authors: Tzadikov Jonathan , Auinat Mahmud , Barrio Jesús , Volokh Michael , Peng Guiming , Gervais Christel , Ein‐Eli Yair , Shalom Menny 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe insertion of heteroatoms with different electronegativity into carbon materials can tune their chemical, electronic, and optical properties. However, in traditional solid‐state synthesis, it is challenging to control the reactivity of monomers, and therefore, the amount and position of heteroatoms in the final materials. Herein, a simple, scalable, and general molten‐state route to synthesize boron–nitrogen–carbon–oxygen (BNCO) materials with tunable boron–nitrogen–carbon composition, as well as electronic and optical properties, is reported. The new synthetic approach consists of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and ammonia–borane as reactants that form a clear liquid‐state stage spanning a wide temperature range, before the solid‐state reaction. The molten‐state stage enhances the control over the synthetic intermediates and final materials, owing to improved monomer miscibility and reactivity. The BNCO composition and optical properties are tuned by the PAH selection and final reaction temperature. The advantages of this method are demonstrated herein through the tunable optical properties, excellent stability to oxidization, facile deposition on substrates, and good activity as an anode material in lithium‐ion batteries.
Electrochemical Detection of SNP in Human Mitochondrial DNA Using Cyclic Primer Extension with Biotinylated Nucletides and Enzymatic Labeling at Disposable Pencil Graphite Electrodes
Authors: Plucnara Medard , Eksin Ece , Erdem Arzum , Fojta Miroslav 
Published: July 2018

AbstractA novel method of SNP typing in human mitochondrial DNA utilizing enzymatic labeling and electrochemical detection at disposable pencil graphite electrodes is described. The procedure is based on amplification of DNA stretches by cyclic primer extension (PEx) of SNP‐specific diagnostic primers in a mixture of biotinylated and natural nucleotides. The diagnostic primers are designed to recognize, by its 3'‐terminal nucleotide, the SNP‐site in target template. Under optimized conditions of the PEx reaction, efficient polymerase synthesis of biotin‐labeled strands takes place only in the case of full complementarity between the diagnostic primer and the target SNP site. There is also benefit from introducing many biotin molecules per extended DNA strand, resulting in another level of signal amplification. After adsorption of biotinylated PEx products at the electrode surface, streptavidin‐alkaline phosphatase conjugate was bound to the biotin tags, 1‐naphthol was enzymatically produced and electrochemically detected. Several critical steps and parameters of the assay, including termination of 3’‐OH ends of residual amplification primers, temperature for annealing of diagnostic primers, relative amount of biotinylated deoxynucleoside triphosphate in the PEx mixture and number of PEx cycles were optimized in this study to attain best SNP resolution, and reduction of time needed for the analysis.
Fracture Risk After Gastric Bypass Surgery: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Axelsson Kristian F , Werling Malin , Eliasson Björn , Szabo Eva , Näslund Ingmar , Wedel Hans , Lundh Dan , Lorentzon Mattias 
Published: July 2018

ABSTRACT

Gastric bypass surgery constitutes the most common and effective bariatric surgery to treat obesity. Gastric bypass leads to bone loss, but fracture risk following surgery has been insufficiently studied. Furthermore, the association between gastric bypass and fracture risk has not been studied in patients with diabetes, which is a risk factor for fracture and affected by surgery. In this retrospective cohort study using Swedish national databases, 38,971 obese patients undergoing gastric bypass were identified, 7758 with diabetes and 31,213 without. An equal amount of well-balanced controls were identified through multivariable 1:1 propensity score matching. The risk of fracture and fall injury was investigated using Cox proportional hazards and flexible parameter models. Fracture risk according to weight loss and degree of calcium and vitamin D supplementation 1-year postsurgery was investigated. During a median follow-up time of 3.1 (interquartile range [IQR], 1.7 to 4.6) years, gastric bypass was associated with increased risk of any fracture, in patients with and without diabetes using a multivariable Cox model (hazard ratio [HR] 1.26; 95% CI, 1.05 to 1.53; and HR 1.32; 95% CI, 1.18 to 1.47; respectively). Using flexible parameter models, the fracture risk appeared to increase with time. The risk of fall injury without fracture was also increased after gastric bypass. Larger weight loss or poor calcium and vitamin D supplementation after surgery were not associated with increased fracture risk. In conclusion, gastric bypass surgery is associated with an increased fracture risk, which appears to be increasing with time and not associated with degree of weight loss or calcium and vitamin D supplementation following surgery. An increased risk of fall injury was seen after surgery, which could contribute to the increased fracture risk. © 2018 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Binding of p67phox to Nox2 is stabilized by disulfide bonds between cysteines in the 369Cys-Gly-Cys371 triad in Nox2 and in p67phox
Authors: Fradin Tanya , Bechor Edna , Berdichevsky Yevgeny , Dahan Iris , Pick Edgar 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
A central event in the activation of the phagocyte NADPH oxidase involves binding of p67phox to the dehydrogenase region of Nox2. The identity of the binding site in Nox2 is unknown. By measuring binding of p67phox to synthetic Nox2 peptides, we previously identified a sequence corresponding to Nox2 residues 357–383, as a potential binding site. A key role was attributed to a 369Cys-Gly-Cys371 triad, shared by peptides 357–371 (peptide 24) and 369–383 (peptide 28). In this study, we show that (1) oxidation of cysteines in peptides 24 and 28 by a variety of oxidants markedly enhances the binding of p67phox; (2) replacing cysteines by arginine abolishes the response to oxidants and the enhanced binding of p67phox; (3) oxidants act by generating an intramolecular disulfide bond linking cysteines 369 and 371, generating such bond during peptide synthesis reproduces the effect of oxidants; (4) for the disulfide bond to lead to enhanced binding, cysteines must be separated by an intervening residue; bonds joining adjacent cysteines, or cysteines located on two peptides, do not enhance binding; (5) dissociating disulfide bonds by reducing agents abolishes enhanced binding; (6) treating p67phox with the alkylating agent N-ethylmaleimide suppresses binding; and (7) mutating all nine cysteines in p67phox to serines abolishes binding and diminishes the ability of p67phox to support NADPH oxidase activation in vitro. Results show that the primary interaction of p67phox with Nox2 is followed by a stabilizing step, based on the establishment of disulfide bonds between cysteine(s) in the 369Cys-Gly-Cys371 triad and cysteine(s) in p67phox.
Binding of p67phox to the dehydrogenase region of Nox2 requires the presence of a disulfide bond between Nox2 cysteines 369 and 371.
Screening and selection of Bifidobacterium strains isolated from human feces capable of utilizing resistant starch
Authors: Kim Hyun‐Joong , Shin Sang Ick , Lee Sang‐Jun , Moon Tae Wha , Lee Chang Joo 
Published: July 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDResistant starch (RS) has been studied for its ability to serve as a substrate for the microbiota present in the human large intestine and for its beneficial physiological effects. The aim of this study was to screen and select novel strains of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in the genus Bifidobacterium isolated from human fecal samples for further application as probiotics relying on their utilization of RS3, a prebiotic.RESULTSLAB were isolated from human fecal samples, based on their ability to utilize RS3 as a carbon source. Consequently, two LAB were identified as Bifidobacterium adolescentis based on morphological, physiological and biochemical properties, and molecular biological analysis. The RS3‐utilizing ability of these isolates was shown by the rapid decrease in pH of RS3‐MRS media and by the pinhole traces on the surface of RS3 particles. Isolated B. adolescentis JSC2 was shown to be negative for β‐glucuronidase, suggesting that it would be safe for human use, and was found to be tolerant towards the acidic, bile‐salt environment.CONCLUSIONThis synbiotics approach of B. adolescentis JCS2, an RS‐utilizing probiotics, coupled with RS utilization, is expected to enhance RS utilization in the food industry and be beneficial for the promotion of human health. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Phenolic composition and total antioxidant capacity of South African frozen concentrated orange juice as affected by varietal, seasonal and regional differences
Authors: Hunlun Cindy , de Beer Dalene , Sigge Gunnar O , Van Wyk Jessy 
Published: July 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDThere is epidemiological evidence that fruits and vegetables promote general health due to their phenolic composition. The phenolic composition of three commercially important citrus varieties (‘Mandarin’, ‘Navel’ orange and ‘Valencia’ orange), used for frozen concentrated orange juice (FCOJ) production in South Africa, were evaluated based on variety, production season and geographical region (Western Cape (WC) and Eastern Cape (EC)).RESULTSFCOJ from the WC had significantly (P < 0.05) lower titratable acidity (TA) and higher total soluble solids (TSS):TA ratio compared to FCOJ produced in the EC. The ‘Navel’ FCOJ, irrespective of season and region, had the highest (P < 0.05) phenolic content (sum of quantified compounds, TP). Regional effects were clear for the ‘Mandarin’ variety, the EC ‘Mandarin’ FCOJ had the highest TP and WC ‘Mandarin’ had the lowest. Seasonal differences were less evident. Variation that could be ascribed to regional differences were also found for individual phenolic compounds.CONCLUSIONRobust data regarding the phenolic profile of FCOJ produced in South Africa, suitable for inclusion in food composition databases, were collected. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Eastern China coastal mudflats: Salt‐soil amendment with sewage sludge
Authors: Bai Yanchao , Zuo Wengang , Shao Hongbo , Mei Lijuan , Tang Boping , Gu Chuanhui , Wang Xukui , Guan Yongxiang 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe mudflats developed along the east coast of China can be important alternative land sources for agricultural purpose after amending with organic fertilizers in large amounts. Abundant in quality organic matter and other plant nutrients, municipal sewage sludge has great potential to be used in mudflat amendment. However, the conflict between agricultural benefits from soil fertility elevation and environmental risks from hazard substances existing in sewage sludge is the critical issue to be resolved before large‐scale application of sewage suldge into salt‐affected degradaed mudflats. In compliance with the national standard for land application in China, raw sewage sludge and its compost can be used to amend mudflat salt‐soil by one‐time or multiple‐time application. One‐time input of sewage sludge followed by planting and tilling green manure has proved to be an optimal way for rapidly improving salt‐affected soil degradation with sustaining fertility benefits and minimal environmental risks. In salt‐soil amended with sludge, soil organic matter content was significantly elevated, and soil physicochemical properties were subsequently improved due to the increase of soil porosity, available nitrogen and phosphorus, and the decrease in bulk density, salinity, and pH in salt‐soil. Application of sewage sludge to mudflat soils increases soil total and bioavailable heavy metals derived from sludge application and thus increases risk of metal uptake by plants grown in mudflat salt‐soil. Environmental risks still represent a major issue in mudflat salt‐soil amendment by sewage sludge. Future holistic environmental risk assessment is warranted before using sewage sludge to amend mudflat salt‐affected degradated soil in China.
Reduced barnacle larval abundance and settlement in response to large‐scale oceanic disturbances: Temporal patterns, nearshore thermal stratification, and potential mechanisms
Authors: Pineda Jesús , Reyns Nathalie , Lentz Steven J. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractWe assessed the effects of large‐scale oceanic disturbances on the settlement rate of an abundant intertidal barnacle. Daily or weekly settlement, nearshore temperature, currents, and abundance of early‐stage barnacle nauplii and Chthamalus fissus cyprids were measured in La Jolla, California, from the inception of the large‐scale warm‐water anomaly known as the “Blob” in 2014, to 1 yr following the 2015/2016 El Niño. We also measured over 2 yr of weekly settlement rates during the 1997/1998 El Niño in La Jolla and in two Mexican sites. Settlement was low during the Blob and the 2015/2016 El Niño, but increased dramatically after its end, and rates remained high through spring 2017. Barnacle nauplii and C. fissus cyprid abundances were also low during the Blob and El Niño. Nearshore water column thermal stratification and variability of the high‐frequency cross‐shore currents, a measure of internal wave activity, declined during the Blob and El Niño, but increased at the end of El Niño. Similarly, settlement rates in the Mexican sites were low during the 1997/1998 El Niño. The reduction in settlement during the Blob and El Niño may be related to two factors: a decrease in water column stratification, which can influence internal bore larval transport and the cross‐shore distribution of larvae, and also to reduced early‐stage larval abundance, potentially related to lower reproductive output or high nauplii mortality during the disturbances.