bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of maternal obesity on pregnancy outcomes in women delivering singleton babies: a historical cohort study
Authors: Melchor Iñigo , Burgos Jorge , del Campo Ana , Aiartzaguena Amaia , Gutiérrez Julieta , Melchor Juan Carlos 
Published: May 2019

Abstract

Background
Obesity in pregnancy is increasing worldwide, reaching epidemic proportions in many countries and frequently creating challenges for obstetricians. We conducted this study to assess the effects of maternal obesity on maternal and perinatal outcomes.

Methods
A historical cohort study was performed on 16,609 women who delivered singleton babies in a 5-year period (2013–2017). Data were retrieved from the Cruces Perinatal Database (CPD) and only women whose prepregnancy body mass index (BMI) was known were included. Women were categorized according to the World Health Organization (WHO) classification: normal weight (BMI 20–24.9 kg/m2) and obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2). Obstetric, perinatal and neonatal outcomes were compared, and adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were calculated using the normal-weight group as the reference.

Results
Compared to women of normal weight (n = 9778), obese women (n = 2207) had a higher risk of preeclampsia (aOR 2.199, 95% CI: 1.46–3.29), rectovaginal group B streptococcus colonization (aOR 1.299, 95% CI: 1.14–1.47), induction of labor (aOR 1.593, 95% CI: 1.44–1.75), cesarean section (aOR 2.755, 95% CI: 2.46–3.08), cesarean section in women with a history of cesarean delivery (aOR 1.409, 95% CI: 1.03–1.92), fetal weight ≥4000 g (aOR 2.090, 95% CI: 1.803–2.422) and admission to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) (aOR 1.341, 95% CI: 1.12–1.59). No association was found with preterm birth (aOR 0.936, 95% CI: 0.77–1.13), stillbirth (aOR 0.921, 95% CI: 0.41–2.02) or neonatal mortality (aOR 2.205, 95% CI: 0.86–5.62).

Conclusion
Maternal obesity is associated with a higher risk of adverse pregnancy and perinatal outcomes. Pregnancy in this population of women should be considered and managed as high risk.
Propofol versus 4-hydroxybutyric acid in pediatric cardiac catheterizations
Authors: Sauer Harald , Gruenzinger Laura , Pfeifer Jochen , Graeber Stefan , Abdul-Khaliq Hashim 
Published: May 2019

Abstract

Introduction
Pediatric patients require deep sedation at least for cardiac catheterizations (CCs). Usually, we perform these CCs applying propofol, but we have seen several side effects of this sedative. We have had good experience with 4-hydroxybutyric acid for other sedations. To optimize our standardized CC procedure, we initiated a prospective, randomized trial to compare the two substances.

Methods
We analyzed our sedation protocols of all CCs within a period of 12 months. In addition to the primary endpoints, the feasibility of the CCs and the occurrence of severe complications, several other parameters were included in the analysis (vital parameters, blood gas analysis, intervention measures). The protocols were blinded for the first part of the evaluation.

Results
During the 12-month-period, 36 patients were included in each group. The propofol group showed lower blood pressure values towards the end of the sedations, while the blood gas analyses revealed lower pH levels and higher pCO2 values. The complication rate was low in both groups.

Conclusion
Both procedures are suited for the safe performance of deep sedations for CCs. The application of 4-hydroxybutyric acid seems to have a few advantages with regard to spontaneous breathing, gas exchange, stability of cardiocirculatory parameters and sedation quality.
Bismuth⋅⋅⋅π arene interaction in [Bi{OC6H4(CH2C6H5)-2}3]2
Authors: Roschke Felix , Thiele Günther , Dehnen Stefanie , Mehring Michael 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
We report on the synthesis of a new bismuth aryloxide molecule Bi[OC6H4(CH2C6H5)-2]3 (1), which was characterized by NMR and IR spectroscopy as well as single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. A characteristic structural feature is the dimeric unit with a central Bi2O2 core resulting from μ-binding phenolates. In addition, both bismuth atoms show a Bi⋅⋅⋅π arene interaction with a quite short Bi⋅⋅⋅πcentroid distance of 3.11 Å in the solid state.
Circular action treatment (CAT): a new strategy for mechanical treatment of old corrugated container III
Authors: Kim Jin-Doo , Lee Tai-Ju , Lee Jae-Hoon , Ryu Jeong-Yong , Won Jong-Myoung 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
OCC have been the most important raw material for production of papers for industrial grades. The quality of OCC fibers have been deteriorated by repeated recycling process. In order to overcome the defects of OCC CAT has been developed as a new strategy for old corrugated container (OCC), which could generate mild mechanical action. The effect of CAT was proven through the previous researches which showed the increase of the fiber properties, such as WRV, freeness, and strength properties, and positive effect on paper strength. Based on the results, mill-scale application of CAT was performed at a linerboard mill located in Republic of KOREA. In this paper, mill-scale CAT was designed with higher power and dimension compared to the previous lab-scale CAT, which was equipped at the screw press outlet in a papermaking process. Fiber properties, final product quality, and energy consumption were analyzed with the installation of mill-scale CAT. Freeness and WRV were improved with an increase of passing time, and mean fiber length was constant simultaneously. In terms of process runnability, there was no problem during the test. Furthermore the outstanding achievement was found that the energy could be saved using CAT by around 30 % compared to double-disc low-consistency refining. Consequently CAT could be a new alternative for treatment of OCC without any troubles.
The Mortality Cost Metric for the Costs of War
Authors: Viscusi W. Kip 
Published: May 2019

AbstractEstimates of the costs of war include the financial costs and the lives that are lost. Using estimates of the value of a statistical life and the value of a statistical injury, the health losses can be converted to a common monetary metric and added to the budgetary costs. Counting the monetary value of the direct war-related fatalities and injuries plays a relatively greater role for the Vietnam War than for the Iraq and Afghanistan conflicts. This article proposes an alternative war cost metric that also recognizes the lives that are also lost because economic resources are diverted to war efforts. All costs are converted to mortality costs using a measure of the mortality opportunity cost to the public of war-related expenditures. Recognition of these indirect mortality effects approximately triples the number of fatalities attributable to the post-9/11 wars. The relative role of these indirect mortality losses is less for the Vietnam War because of that war’s higher rate of fatalities compared to financial costs.
The influence of powder feed rate on mechanical properties of atmospheric plasma spray (APS) Al-12Si coating
Authors: Mrdak Mihailo , Medjo Bojan , Veljić Darko , Arsić Miodrag , Rakin Marko 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
In this paper, structural and mechanical properties of APS - atmospheric plasma spray coating Al-12Si are presented. The aim of the research was the optimisation of the flow of powder to produce layers with optimal mechanical and structural properties that will be applied to the worn out parts of airplanes. Three groups of samples were produced, by utilising three powder feed rates: 30 g/min, 45 g/min and 60 g/min. Evaluation of layers’ microhardness was done using HV0.3 method and the bond strengthwas determined by testing of tensile strength. Surface morphology of the deposited powder particles was examined on SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope). The microstructure of the coating with the best measured mechanical properties was subsequently examined in etched condition on optical microscope and SEM (in accordance with the standard PN 585005, Pratt & Whitney). Also, fracture morphology of this coating in deposited state was examined using SEM. It was found that powder feed control with atmospheric plasma spraying can produce dense layers of Al-12Si coating with good bond strength.
Die wichtigsten Charakterzüge der Übersetzungsmethode des Übersetzers František Benhart beim Übersetzen slowenischer Prosa ins Tschechische
Authors: Šnytová Jana 
Published: May 2019

Summary
In this paper, I focused on the translation work by František Benhart which, due to its extensiveness, was of crucial importance to the reception of Slovenian literature in the Czech cultural environment of the second half of the 20th century. The aim of this study is the linguistic analysis of the literary translations of selected literary works of the canon of Slovenian literature into Czech. Translation can be considered to be a cultural transposition, i. e. a transfer of the text and cultural environment from the source language into the text and cultural environment of the target language. In the analyses, I focused on some partial issues that either dominated in the particular text (expressivity, phraseology, idiomatic or proper names) or occurred across the texts analysed (realia) and in this context, I searched for his specific translation solutions. I also examined short excerpts of the original text and its translated counterpart looking for the presence of stylistically marked elements. Based on the results of individual analyses, I presented Benhart’s specific translation approaches and I attempted to summarize and indicate the basic features of his translation method. Furthermore, my second objective was to point out the possible consequences of Benhart’s translation method for the reception of the Slovenian literature in the Czech cultural environment.
Vergleich der menschlichen, maschinellen und Post-Editing-Übersetzung aus dem Slowakischen ins Deutsche mittels automatischer Evaluation
Authors: Munková Daša , Wrede Oľga , Absolon Jakub 
Published: May 2019

SummaryThe aim of the study is to compare translation quality and effectiveness (translator productivity) using measures of the automatic evaluation of machine translation output. The examined translation(s) was a legal text, translated from Slovak (mother tongue) into German. We distinguish human translation (HT), machine translation (MT) and post-edited MT (PEMT). For the evaluation we used our own tool, wherein were implemented the metrics of automatic MT evaluation. Analysis of Variance and Multiply Comparisons (Tukey HSD test) were applied to textual data. The results proved that in terms of productivity, regarding the expert and terminological knowledge of human translators, post-editing of MT is more effective than HT. On the other hand, in terms of quality (sentence structure or stylistics), regardless of time, HT is of a higher quality then MT, but similar to PEMT. The post-editors were affected by grammar and by stylistics of MT output, but post-edited a larger volume of MT than human translators translated.
Big data in Russian linguistics?
Authors: Nesset Tore 
Published: May 2019

Summary
With the advent of large web-based corpora, Russian linguistics steps into the era of “big data”. But how useful are large datasets in our field? What are the advantages? Which problems arise? The present study seeks to shed light on these questions based on an investigation of the Russian paucal construction in the RuTenTen corpus, a web-based corpus with more than ten billion words. The focus is on the choice between adjectives in the nominative (dve/tri/četyre starye knigi) and genitive (dve/tri/četyre staryx knigi) in paucal constructions with the numerals dve, tri or četyre and a feminine noun. Three generalizations emerge. First, the large RuTenTen dataset enables us to identify predictors that could not be explored in smaller corpora. In particular, it is shown that predicates, modifiers, prepositions and word-order affect the case of the adjective. Second, we identify situations where the RuTenTen data cannot be straightforwardly reconciled with findings from earlier studies or there appear to be discrepancies between different statistical models. In such cases, further research is called for. The effect of the numeral (dve, tri vs. četyre) and verbal government are relevant examples. Third, it is shown that adjectives in the nominative have more easily learnable predictors that cover larger classes of examples and show clearer preferences for the relevant case. It is therefore suggested that nominative adjectives have the potential to outcompete adjectives in the genitive over time. Although these three generalizations are valuable additions to our knowledge of Russian paucal constructions, three problems arise. Large internet-based corpora like the RuTenTen corpus (a) are not balanced, (b) involve a certain amount of “noise”, and (c) do not provide metadata. As a consequence of this, it is argued, it may be wise to exercise some caution with regard to conclusions based on “big data”.
¿HA SIDO LA REGIÓN CHOROTEGA UN TERRITORIO OLVIDADO? POLÍTICAS DE DESARROLLO SOCIAL Y PRODUCTIVO, 1950-2014
Authors: Blanco Obando Edgar Eduardo 
Published: May 2019

En este estudio se evidencia una abundante inversión estatal a nivel social y productivo en la región Chorotega, que permitió su plena incorporación al modelo económico nacional, con base en el análisis de trayectoria de numerosos datos de planes de gobierno, literatura científica, anuarios de acciones oficiales concretadas y proyectos gubernamentales concluidos entre 1950 y el 2014. Con esta incorporación, la región ha recibido una significativa inversión en servicios sociales y en infraestructura productiva, convirténdola en uno de los polos económicos más importantes del país. Sin embargo, a pesar de esta situación, no se resolvieron las problemáticas de desempleo, pobreza y desigualdad, que afectan a gran parte de la población guanacasteca.
The care of people living with mental illness in the Hungarian social care system: The process of deinstitutionalization and the phenomenon of stigmatization
Authors: Ács A , Molnár E , Molnár GY , Balogh Z 
Published: May 2019

Purpose
The aim of this study is to present a situation assessment within the framework of a comprehensive study of the social services for people with mental illness in Hungary. After setting the historical background, we describe in detail the current services, their anomalies, and the ongoing implementation of a strategy to deinstitutionalize them.

Materials and methods
We reviewed the related academic literature and systematically collected and elaborated upon legal documents, decisions, and data from national databases.

Results
We established that a paradigm shift is taking place in the social care of people with mental disorders in Hungary. The lack of human resources, the paternalistic, institution-centered attitude, the mass supply of social services in dilapidated buildings, and the stigmatization of patients are among the greatest problems. Cooperation between the health and social sectors is inadequate and, in the interests of patients, needs to be improved.

Conclusions
Hungary needs a complex, integrated, health-and-social-care supply system for people living with mental illness, one that takes into account both personal needs and assistance to recovery. In the continuation of the deinstitutionalization process, emphasis should be placed on social sensitization.
Von Hippel-Lindau Acts as a Metabolic Switch Controlling Nephron Progenitor Differentiation
Authors: Cargill Kasey , Hemker Shelby L. , Clugston Andrew , Murali Anjana , Mukherjee Elina , Liu Jiao , Bushnell Daniel , Bodnar Andrew J. , Saifudeen Zubaida , Ho Jacqueline , Bates Carlton M. , Kostka Dennis , Goetzman Eric S. , Sims-Lucas Sunder 
Published: May 2019

Significance StatementNephron progenitors, the self-renewing cells that give rise to nephrons, are particularly metabolically active, relying primarily on glycolysis for energy generation early in development. As development progresses, nephron progenitors switch from glycolysis to mitochondrial respiration for energy—mediated by an unknown mechanism—and undergo differentiation. To study the potential role in this metabolic shift of von Hippel-Lindau (VHL), a protein component of a ubiquitin ligase complex, the authors generated nephron progenitor cell–specificVHLknockout mice. In addition to identifying VHL as a critical regulator of nephron progenitors’ metabolic switching, the authors’ findings demonstrate that this switch also plays a large role in the differentiation process, and suggest that VHL is required for normal kidney development.BackgroundNephron progenitors, the cell population that give rise to the functional unit of the kidney, are metabolically active and self-renew under glycolytic conditions. A switch from glycolysis to mitochondrial respiration drives these cells toward differentiation, but the mechanisms that control this switch are poorly defined. Studies have demonstrated that kidney formation is highly dependent on oxygen concentration, which is largely regulated by von Hippel-Lindau (VHL; a protein component of a ubiquitin ligase complex) and hypoxia-inducible factors (a family of transcription factors activated by hypoxia).MethodsTo explore VHL as a regulator defining nephron progenitor self-renewal versus differentiation, we bred Six2-TGCtgmice with VHLlox/loxmice to generate mice with a conditional deletion ofVHLfrom Six2+nephron progenitors. We used histologic, immunofluorescence, RNA sequencing, and metabolic assays to characterize kidneys from these mice and controls during development and up to postnatal day 21.ResultsBy embryonic day 15.5, kidneys of nephron progenitor cell–specificVHLknockout mice begin to exhibit reduced maturation of nephron progenitors. Compared with controls,VHLknockout kidneys are smaller and developmentally delayed by postnatal day 1, and have about half the number of glomeruli at postnatal day 21.VHLknockout nephron progenitors also exhibit persistent Six2 and Wt1 expression, as well as decreased mitochondrial respiration and prolonged reliance on glycolysis.ConclusionsOur findings identify a novel role for VHL in mediating nephron progenitor differentiation through metabolic regulation, and suggest that VHL is required for normal kidney development.
Resisting the ‘Patient’ Body: A Phenomenological Account
Authors: Pini Sarah , Pini Ruggero 
Published: May 2019

According to the biomedical model of medicine, the subject of the illness event is the pathology rather than the person diagnosed with the disease. In this view, a body-self becomes a ‘patient’ body-object that can be enrolled in a therapeutic protocol, investigated, assessed, and transformed.How can it be possible for cancer patients to make sense of the opposite dimensions of their body-self and their body-diseased-object? Could a creative embodied approach enable the coping with trauma tied to the experience of illness?By applying a phenomenological approach and auto-ethnographic analysis to the experience of cancer, this visual exploration provides support for rethinking the cancer event through a performative perspective. This work previews images and video material collected over ten years of onco-haematological treatments, video dance performances and physical explorations.This work displays how processes of healing can be set in motion by creative embodied practices, physical explorations and unexpected journeys. By resisting the biomedical model and allowing the emergence of new meanings, it illustrates how dance and performative practices offer ground for transformation.
Providing psychological support to pregnant women in childbirth by obstetrician service staff
Authors: Chernetskaya Nadezhda I. , Shumovskaya Olga A. 
Published: May 2019

Aims of study. The aim of this study was to investigate the theoretical foundations of psychological support for women in childbirth during midwifery activities.
Results. An important condition for increasing the efficiency of the treatment process is not only taking into account the patient’s psychological peculiarities, but also providing psychological support to patients during medical care, in particular midwifery activity. Research on different aspects of psychological support is noted in the works of domestic and foreign psychologists who reveal the humanistic ideas of personal development interaction, requiring building a subject-subject relationship in the process of communication. A number of publications are presented in the modern literature concerning the role of psychological support in professional midwifery activities. According to the authors, this area is an important professional responsibility of obstetrician service staff. A special role is played by the psychological support of patients during childbirth. The relationship of the characteristics of the birth process with the emotional state of mothers is noted in modern literature. Psychological support for women in childbirth should be given with the knowledge of the patients’ specific psychological characteristics in this period. The state of consciousness of a woman in childbirth is one of the important psychological factors that require the attention of medical personnel. The altered state of consciousness (ASC) in childbirth, which has an adaptive role, is important for both active labor and reducing pain sensitivity in childbirth. A maladaptive ASC, on the contrary, interferes with the birth process and increase pain sensitivity. Depending on the activity, the psychological component of the generic dominant will manifest itself in an adaptive or maladaptive ASC, with psychological support for women during childbirth contributing to the activation of an adaptive ASC.
Conclusion. Analysis of the psychological characteristics of women during childbirth showed the importance of considering the state of consciousness of the patient and the activity of the psychological component of the generic dominant when determining the strategy of psychological support.
Examining Student Wellness for the Development of Campus-Based Wellness Programs
Authors: Franzidis Alexia F. , Zinder Steven M. 
Published: May 2019

Background: Despite the many campus-based wellness programs and services offered through entities such as student services, many U.S. students lack the strategies, skills, or support systems to manage stress or change pre-existing behaviors, resulting in unhealthy behaviors and poor overall wellness. Since patterns developed during this time can form a solid foundation for future health behaviors, there is a need to develop and design wellness programs that stimulate positive health-behavior change.Aim: The purpose of this study was to assess student wellness of college students at a four-year public university to inform campus-based health programs, events, and services.Methods: An anonymous, single-structured survey was administered at an on-campus event (N = 225). The instrument covered six dimensions of wellness: physical wellness, social wellness, intellectual wellness, emotional wellness, spiritual wellness, and environmental wellness.Results: Significant differences for gender were found in the dimensions of social wellness, emotional wellness, and physical wellness. Females reported higher levels of social and emotional wellness, while males reported higher levels of physical wellness. Differences in age for emotional wellness, and year of study for physical wellness were also found.Conclusions: Findings provide insight to direct interventions and programs that would enhance students' wellness knowledge and behaviors.