bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Utilization of Ultrasonication as a Method of Reducing Organic and Inorganic Contamination in Post‐Consumer Plastic Film Waste
Authors: Cecon Victor S. , Munshi Mita , Mukta Shahnaz , Vorst Keith L. , Curtzwiler Greg W. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPost‐consumer plastic film waste often carries organic and inorganic contaminants that challenge recycling processes and affect the quality of recycled products. An effective contaminant removal procedure through washing such single‐used plastic films (SUPFs) can address environmental and waste management concerns. This study compares the efficiency of different washing techniques in reducing SUPF contamination. To evaluate the efficacy of each washing technique, film samples collected from material recovery facilities are individually exposed to friction, ultrasonic‐assisted, and a combination of both washes. Thermal analysis indicates that the polymers' melting temperature, crystallization temperature, and crystallinity remain unaffected by the washing methods, demonstrating method aptness. Confocal laser scanning microscope images show that washing results in a cleaner sample surface. 91% ash reduction during the combined wash treatment indicates a high method efficiency compared to the individual friction and ultrasonic wash procedures. This is further validated by reducing characteristic contaminant IR bands (3600–3000, 1750–1600, and 1100–1000 cm−1). Elements of concern such as Cd, Cr, Hg, and Pb in SUPFs after each washing technique applied conform with regulations (<100 ppm) for packaging products. This research shows the novel ultrasonic washing reduces more contamination than friction with shorter wash times and no surfactants.
Temperature Sensitive Pluronic F127‐Based Gels Incorporating Natural Therapeutic Agents
Authors: Lupu Alexandra , Bercea Maria , Avadanei Mihaela , Gradinaru Luiza Madalina , Nita Loredana Elena , Gradinaru Vasile Robert 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPluronic F127 copolymer is used as the main component to design injectable gels for therapeutic applications. Xanthan gum is added as an excipient to improve gel properties under physiological conditions. A polyphenol bioactive compound, curcumin, is selected as therapeutic agent with beneficial effects on metabolism and many diseases. The encapsulation efficiency and stability of formulations are investigated in an aqueous environment and in acetic acid solutions. The interactions between the hydrophobic polyphenol and the polymer matrix are investigated through rheology, DLS, and FTIR spectroscopy. The viscoelasticity of gels, correlated with the network structure, is influenced by xanthan gum or acetic acid addition. FTIR analysis of curcumin incorporated into the gel provides the evidence for interaction of the phenyl rings of both keto‐enol and di‐keto tautomers with the polymeric matrix. The spherical curcumin‐encapsulated micelles provided antioxidant properties. The kinetics of curcumin release from the Pluronic F127‐based gels suggests anomalous transport phenomena controlled by diffusion through the network and hydrodynamic effects. Both gel and lyophilized form of micellar encapsulated curcumin composites exhibited good stability for long‐term storage under ambient conditions.
The Trade‐Off between Dechlorination and Polymerization for Facile Fabrication of Electronic Grade Epoxidized Cardol
Authors: Zhang Fengyan , Tian Zihao , Chu Liangyong , Lv Wenxiao , Shen Liming , Zhang Xiaoyan , Li Xiaobao , Bao Ningzhong 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe dechlorination of epoxidized Cardol (E‐Cardol), which is a high‐performance and sustainable adhesive and packaging material for electronics, remains challenging. The previous work proposed a new alcohol‐sodium refining method to efficiently remove the chlorine of E‐Cardol. However, this method is strongly limited by the trade‐off between the dechlorination efficiency and its polymerization side effect, which leads to the viscosity as well as the epoxy equivalent increase of E‐Cardol. Based on the detailed analysis of the refining process using fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), simultaneous thermal analysis (STA), and nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer (NMR) epoxidized Cardol (E‐Cardol), this trade‐off is studied. It is found that the dechlorination efficiency increases with the increase of the usage of the alcohol sodium. Meanwhile, when the residual alcohol‐sodium content after refining exceeds 3000 ppm, the viscosity of the E‐Cardol increases significantly due to the increased polymerization of E‐Cardol by epoxy ring‐opening reaction. It is demonstrated that the alcohol‐sodium refining method can efficiently reduce the chlorine content of E‐Cardol with the initial hydrolyzable chlorine content not higher than 3000 ppm to below 300 ppm without influencing their epoxy equivalent and viscosity. This paper thoroughly explores the mechanism and application range of the proposed alcohol‐sodium refining method, which is crucial for the facile preparation of electronic‐grade E‐Cardol materials.
Large‐scale Conformational Changes of Diindole Functional Groups Driven by Cation‐π Interactions and the Toughening Mechanism of Thermosets
Authors: Qiao Yuhan , Li Dongxin , Liang Qianqian , Kang Ming , Xu Yewei , Yang Li , Chang Guanjun 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis is described that a new concept for the design of toughening supramolecular thermosets by incorporating diindole groups, which are functionalized via cation‐π interactions in covalently crosslinked networks. Large‐scale conformational changes of the diindole functional groups could occur under external forces, endowing the thermosets with excellent toughening properties.
How concerning is Lucifer? Insights from an experimental study of public responses to heat event naming in England and Italy
Authors: Summers Barbara , Taylor Andrea , Bellomo Pietro , Dessai Suraje 
Published: November 2024

AbstractSummer 2023 saw record high temperatures across several European countries with these heat events being unofficially dubbed Cerberus and Charon. This has led to discussion about whether naming severe heat events is an effective way to convey the risks posed. In online experiments with regionally representative sample of members of the public in England and Italy, we assessed the effect of giving a heat event a mythological, non‐mythological or no name on anticipated severity, concern, trust/confidence and behavioural intention. We find that while naming alone does not have a strong effect on anticipated response to severe heat events in either country, going against the established trend of using mythological names in Italy could diminish concern.
Pharmacokinetics comparison of aumolertinib, osimertinib, gefitinib and their major metabolites in mouse model and NSCLC patients
Authors: Ren Ran , Zhang Jiangang , He Yongpeng , Zeng Xianghua , Zhou Yu , Shen Luyao , Li Yongsheng , Li Dairong , Zhao Huakan 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), such as osimertinib and gefitinib, aumolertinib have been widely used in EGFR mutation‐positive non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. However, the discrepancy of pharmacokinetic features and distributions in important tissues between these EGFR‐TKIs remains obscure. In this study, an ultra‐performance liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC‐MS/MS) method with specificity and accuracy was established. After a single equivalent dose ratio or equal dose gavage, aumolertinib displayed the shortest elimination half‐life time (t1/2), while it showed the largest area under the concentration–time curve in mouse plasma and bone marrow among these 3 EGFR‐TKIs. Furthermore, at the time of reaching maximum concentration (tmax) after single equivalent dose ratio gavage, the concentrations of aumolertinib were significantly higher than that of osimertinib and gefitinib in 9 important tissues of mice. Moreover, after single oral administration, aumolertinib displayed the highest concentration in plasma samples from EGFR mutation‐positive NSCLC patients. Collectively, our findings manifest that the bioavailability and tissue distribution features of aumolertinib are superior to those of osimertinib and gefitinib, providing a pharmacokinetic basis for the clinical application of aumolertinib and the development of next‐generation EGFR‐TKIs.
Sarcopenia screening and clinical outcomes in surgical patients: A longitudinal study
Authors: Tarnowski Micheli da Silva , Burgel Camila Ferri , Dariva Andressa Amaral , Marques Isabela Canquerini , Alves Lana Porto , Beretta Mileni V. , Silva Flávia Moraes , Gottschall Catarina B. Andreatta 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe SARC‐CalF was developed as a screening tool for sarcopenia, but little is still known about its validity in surgical patients. Thus, this study aimed to assess the prognostic value of SARC‐CalF in predicting clinical outcomes in patients admitted for any elective surgery in a hospital.MethodsCohort study with prospective data collection of surgical patients ≥18 years of age screened for sarcopenia within 48 h of admission using the SARC‐CalF (score ≥11 points classified patients at suggestive signs of sarcopenia). A standard questionnaire for sociodemographic and clinical data was filled and anthropometric data were measured. Clinical outcomes of interest comprised postoperative complications, length of postoperative hospital stay (LPHS), length of hospital stay (LOS), and in‐hospital death.ResultsAmong the 303 patients admitted for elective surgery across various specialties (58.2 ± 14.6 years; 53.8% men) included, 21.5% presented suggestive signs of sarcopenia (SARC‐CalF ≥11). LOS (16.0 [10.0–29.0] vs 13.5 [8.0–22.0] days; P < 0.05) and LPHS (6.0 [3.0–14.5] vs 5.0 [1.0–8.2] days; P < 0.05) were longer in patients with SARC‐CalF ≥11 compared with those without this condition. The frequency of severe postoperative complications (23.1% vs 8.8%; P < 0.05) and the incidence of death (12.3% vs 2.9%; P < 0.05) were higher in patients with SARC‐CalF ≥11. However, in the multivariate analyses, no association between SARC‐CalF ≥11 and clinical outcomes was found.ConclusionSigns of sarcopenia (SARC‐CalF ≥11) were present in >20% of patients who were hospitalized for any elective surgery, but it was not an independent predictor of extended hospital stay, complications, and death.
Mediating Effect of Illness Perception on the Relationship Between Perceived Family Function and Sleep Quality Among Patients With Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Lu Xiaoqing , An Zifen , Xu Yuying , Zhang Xi , Fang Pei , Lu Yaping , Cai Zhongxiang , Yu Liping 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTAimsTo evaluate the sleep quality of patients with atrial fibrillation and its influencing factors, and explore whether illness perception mediates the relationship between family function and sleep quality.DesignCross‐sectional survey conducted from November 2020 to November 2021.MethodsA total of 191 participants validly completed the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, the Family APGAR Index and the Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, independent samples t‐tests, one‐way ANOVA, Pearson correlation analysis and multiple linear regression analysis. Bootstrapping was used to detect the mediating role of illness perception.ResultsPatients with atrial fibrillation reported poor sleep quality, good family function and a moderate level of illness perception. The better the family function, the lower the level of illness perception and the better sleep quality in patients with atrial fibrillation. Patients with commercial medical insurance had lower levels of sleep quality relative to self‐financed patients. EHRA III and EHRA IV patients had worse sleep quality than EHRA II patients. Illness perception played a significant mediating role in the relationship between family function and sleep quality.ConclusionsPatients with atrial fibrillation have poorer sleep quality, and the type of medical insurance and EHRA score are independent indicators related to their sleep quality. Future health education and interventions need to focus on strengthening and improving the emotional support of family members in order to improve family function and reduce illness perception, thereby improving sleep quality of patients with atrial fibrillation.ImpactThis study provides further evidence that nurses need to enhance their awareness and provide ongoing education to better identify patients with AF who have family dysfunction and perceived high levels of illness threat perceptions, as these factors negatively impact sleep quality.Reporting MethodThis study was reported in strict compliance with the strengthening the reporting of observational studies in epidemiology (STROBE) guideline.Patient or Public ContributionNo patient or public contribution.
Structure‐Preserving Approximation of the Cahn‐Hilliard‐Biot System
Authors: Brunk Aaron , Fritz Marvin 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTIn this work, we propose a structure‐preserving discretization for the recently studied Cahn‐Hilliard‐Biot system using conforming finite elements in space and problem‐adapted explicit‐implicit Euler time integration. We prove that the scheme is thermodynamically consistent, that is, the balance of global phase and global volumetric fluid content and the energy dissipation balance. The existence of discrete solutions is established under suitable growth conditions. Furthermore, it is shown that the algorithm can be realized as a splitting method, that is, decoupling the Cahn‐Hilliard subsystem from the poro‐elasticity subsystem, while the first one is nonlinear and the second subsystem is linear. The schemes are illustrated by numerical examples and a convergence test.
Histotaphonomic Signatures of Thermally Altered Human Skeletal Remains: Implications for Archaeological Interpretation
Authors: Meckel Lauren A. , Mavroudas Sophia R. , Goldstein Justin Z. , Garza Shelby L. , Gocha Timothy P. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTInterpretations of burial sites from past populations have previously relied on archaeological artifacts, body position, and gross morphological skeletal analysis to reconstruct funerary practices. Recently, microscopic analysis of biotic and abiotic inclusions in bone have resulted in broad assumptions about the antemortem treatment of human remains, including whether the bioerosion is of endogenous and/or exogenous origin. To contextualize the diagenesis present in bone, researchers have developed indices to quantify histotaphonomic features including overall destruction (OHI, GHI), birefringence (BI), cracking (CI), and color changes due to burning (HI). Quantification of the histotaphonomy of bone also allows researchers to determine if the bone is preserved well enough for the application of histological methods, such as age‐at‐death estimation, which can contribute to the osteobiography of the skeletal remains. However, burned bone found at cremation sites may complicate these analyses if thermal alterations obscure histological structures. Though many studies have experimentally tested the impact of burning on bone, most have used excised bones, which presents a very specific example of the effect of burning on excarnated remains. The aim of this research is to test the histotaphonomic effects of thermal alteration on six fleshed human bodies using the indices listed above. One preburn sample of bone from the femur, sixth rib, and metatarsal was collected prior to burning, and the antimere was removed after the experiment, if recoverable (N = 33). These results show that the presence of body tissue and the amount of time the body is burned likely have the greatest impact on bone histological preservation. None of the remains showed evidence of biotic bioerosion, which was expected from previous research that suggests putrefaction in the early postmortem period contributes to microfocal destruction that can be observed soon after death.
Messaging with appeal to intrinsic or relational values shows potential to shift demand for wildlife as pets
Authors: Marshall Harry , Collar Nigel J. , Lees Alexander C. , Moss Andrew , Yuda Pramana , Marsden Stuart J. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Overharvesting of wildlife for trade is a key driver of biodiversity loss. Messaging that is aligned with people's values could play a significant role in reducing this impact through behaviour change.

Using an online survey, we sought to gauge the willingness among bird hobbyists, breeders, and song contestants to change their bird‐keeping behaviours, and to identify barriers to such change. We then evaluated the persuasiveness of various messages that potentially align with people's values (e.g. addressing conservation, cultural and health considerations), each framed as positive or negative, and with outcomes involving a move to commercially bred birds or cessation of purchasing wild‐caught birds.

We identified a degree of plasticity in behaviour, with most respondents perceiving the keeping of wild‐caught birds to be a conservation problem, and a majority claiming they would attempt to breed birds in the future. However, while most respondents acknowledged the illegality of both buying and catching wild birds, they also recognised that most birds in markets are wild‐caught because they are easier and cheaper to source than captive‐bred birds.

Messages about the damage done by over‐exploitation to wild bird populations, to the future of bird‐keeping itself, and about the benefits of keeping captive‐bred over wild‐caught birds, were most effective. Messages about generational, legal and especially health concerns appeared to gain little traction. The persuasiveness of these messages varied little across bird‐keeping groups, but age‐ and user‐groups differed in their most trusted sources of information and the media they consulted.

Our results suggest that appealing to people's concern over the intrinsic value of wildlife or the relational value of cultural heritage might be more effective at shifting demand for wildlife products than more instrumental or utilitarian considerations.

Effective messaging should focus on the negative impacts of over‐exploitation on Indonesia's wildlife and/or national heritage, and on the positive aspects of sustainable captive‐bred alternatives, and be transmitted via multiple media, including local and faith leaders (choice varying geographically), to maximise outreach to the diverse bird‐keeping community.

Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.
Association Between Perinatal Factors and Childhood Lymphoma—A Pooled Analysis of the ESCALE and ESTELLE Studies (SFCE)
Authors: Msallem Elissa , Pacquement Hélène , Olivier Laura , Brugières Laurence , Landman Parker Judith , Garnier Nathalie , Lambilliotte Anne , Faure Laure , Clavel Jacqueline , Bonaventure Audrey 
Published: November 2024

AbstractContextThere is much interest in the perinatal period in relation to childhood cancer aetiology, with most studies focussing on childhood leukaemia. This work aimed to investigate the associations between pregnancy‐related and perinatal factors and childhood lymphoma.MethodsWe conducted a pooled analysis of two French nationwide population‐based case–control studies. Data on sociodemographic, perinatal and lifestyle factors were collected through maternal interviews. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were computed using adjusted logistic regression models, separately for non‐Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) and Hodgkin lymphoma (HL). Specific analyses also investigated Burkitt NHL and nodular sclerosis HL, two most common histological types in children.ResultsWe included 305 NHL, 328 HL and 2415 controls in this study. No associations were observed with gestational age, foetal growth indicators, folic acid supplementation, factors related to maternal fertility and reproductive history, or maternal smoking during pregnancy. Maternal coffee consumption during pregnancy was associated with NHL (>2 cups/day, OR = 1.5 [95% CI: 1.1–2.1]), with a dose–response relationship; while maternal alcohol consumption was associated with Burkitt NHL (OR = 1.5 [1.1–2.2]). Paternal smoking during preconception/pregnancy was associated with NHL (OR = 1.4 [1.1–1.8]). Breastfeeding (ever/never) was not significantly associated with NHL and HL, but an inverse log‐linear trend was observed with the duration of breastfeeding for NHL (p = 0.04).ConclusionMaternal coffee and alcohol consumptions during pregnancy and paternal smoking during preconception/pregnancy might increase the risk of childhood NHL. While warranting replication, these findings could help us better understand the aetiology of childhood lymphoma.
Evaluation of crush and energy absorption characteristics of corrugated origami tube by additive manufacturing
Authors: Sun Xudong , Jiang Zhiyu , Zhao Jian , Xing Shaohua 
Published: November 2024

AbstractOrigami tube (OT) has attracted significant attention in the realm of thin‐walled structures owing to their remarkable energy‐absorption capabilities. Nevertheless, their deformation modes, particularly buckling, present considerable stability challenges. In this research, we introduce a novel corrugated structure to enhance the energy absorption and stabilize the deformation mode of OT. The corrugated origami tube (COT) was manufactured using high‐specific modulus, high‐strength, and lightweight short carbon fiber‐reinforced nylon via 3D printing, followed by axial quasi‐static compression tests. The findings demonstrate that the incorporation of corrugations in COT greatly stabilizes tube deformation, boosting energy absorption by 21.3% compared to OT and reducing the peak crashworthiness force by up to 21.37%. Finite element analysis accurately replicates the experimental performance of the COT, affirming the feasibility of the simulation. Optimization using the Non‐dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II (NSGA‐II) produced a Pareto front, revealing trade‐offs among various crashworthiness indicators and offering a flexible design approach to meet diverse requirements. This study provides valuable insights and guidance for the design of lightweight, thin‐walled structures.Highlights
The corrugated structure effectively stabilizes deformation mode of the OT.
COT significantly improves energy absorption and reduces initial peak force compared to OT.
The approach of multi‐objective optimization provides a variety of solutions for different needs.
Prenatal Phenotypic Expansion: A Fetus With Neurodegeneration With Developmental Delay, Early Respiratory Failure, Myoclonic Seizures, and Brain Abnormalities (NDDRSB) and MED11 Variants
Authors: Zhou Cong , Wang Weilin , Wang Hao , Mai Jingqun , Wang Xihan , Xue Li , Wang Jing 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTNeurodegeneration with developmental delay, early respiratory failure, myoclonic seizures, and brain abnormalities (NDDRSB) is an extremely rare but severe disorder. Here, we describe the case of a 24‐week‐old fetus from a Chinese family with healthy parents. The fetus presented with hydrops fetalis and abnormal limb posturing. Chromosomal microarray analysis revealed that the fetus had a heterozygous 17p12 deletion, which is associated with hereditary neuropathy with liability to pressure palsies. Trio‐based exome sequencing (ES) analysis revealed that the deletion was inherited from the father, who has a normal phenotype. Trio‐based ES identified a novel nonsense variant (c.229C>T, p.Q77*) and a rare nonsense variant (c.325C>T, p.R109*) in the mediator complex subunit 11 (MED11) gene. Both parents were heterozygous carriers for one of the variants in MED11. This is the first study to report the presence of hydrops fetalis and abnormal limb posturing phenotypes in fetuses with MED11 variants. These results expand the prenatal phenotypic spectrum of NDDRSB, which is helpful for genetic counseling and early prenatal diagnosis of fetuses with ultrasound abnormalities. In addition, the novel c.229C>T variant expands the spectrum of MED11 variants.