bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The incidence of anterior cruciate ligament injury in youth and male soccer athletes: an evaluation of 17,108 players over two consecutive seasons with an age-based sub-analysis
Authors: DIEGO DA COSTA ASTUR , COHEN MOISES 
Published: November 2024

Objectives To evaluate the incidence of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries in male athletes from professional soccer clubs over two consecutive seasons (2018-2019) with a sub-analysis based on age category: under-13 (U-13), under-15 (U-15), under-17 (U-17), and under-20 (U-20) years. Methods A total of 17,108 young male soccer players were retrospectively reviewed from sixty-three professional clubs in the four highest Brazilian soccer divisions. Data regarding the number of athletes and the number of ACL injuries confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) exams in the 2018 and 2019 seasons were collected. Incidence of ACL injury were compared by season, age category (under-13; under-15; under 17; and under-20), demographic region, and club division. Results Clubs from all regions of Brazil participated in the study. A total of 336 primary ACL injuries were diagnosed over the two seasons (8,167 athletes during the 2018 season and 8,941 athletes during the 2019 season) among all athletes, which corresponds to 2% of the included athletes. There were 11 cases (0.3%) in the under-13, 53 cases (1.3%) in the under-15, 107 cases (2.5%) in the under-17, and 165 cases (3.8%) in the under-20 age category. There was a higher incidence of ACL injury in the older age groups (p < 0.001). Conclusion A total of 336 ACL injuries were identified in 17,108 youth soccer players from 63 professional clubs with an overall incidence of 2% over 2 seasons of competition. ACL injury rate ranged from 0.3% to 3.8% and was higher in the older and more competitive club divisions.
Epidemiology of Knee injuries in São Paulo state's baseball athletes
Authors: Santos Netto AS , Arashiro VK , Aguilar KC , Xu T , Rabelo N , Cury RPL 
Published: November 2024

Objectives Identify the main knee complaints and injuries associated with baseball, and their prevalence in our state. Methods Epidemiological study developed through the analysis of data obtained from an online questionnaire, between 2019 and 2022, distributed among baseball athletes in the state of São Paulo. Results 98 athletes participated in the study, with an average age of 24.3 years, 85.72% of whom were men. The most prevalent ethnicities are yellow (50%) and white (42.86%) and the majority of athletes have incomplete or complete higher education (75.5%). 88.77% have been training for more than a year and 40.82% work in more than one position. More than half simultaneously practice another sport. 66.32% of athletes present knee complaints or symptoms and 37.75% have suffered a knee injury associated with playing baseball through various mechanisms (contact with the ground, contact with another player, no contact). 59.45% of athletes needed to be removed from practice due to complaints, symptoms or injuries presented. Conclusion Of the athletes interviewed, 66.32% had a knee complaint and 37.75% had already had an injury diagnosed in this joint, the most prevalent being meniscal and ligament injuries. The injury rate was highest in the first year of practice.
The State of Academic Bullying Among Medical Students in Tanzania: Prevalence, Forms and Associated Factors. A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Mashauri Harold L. , Angolile Cornel M. , Max Baraka L. , Makule Angela O. , Peter Ashrak M. , Mhando Lisbeth , Sakita Francis 
Published: November 2024

Introduction Academic bullying is prevalent in medical schools due to their unique study settings. Globally, the prevalence of academic bullying is increasing markedly; it ranges from 27% to 99.1%. However, the extent, forms, and associated factors of academic bullying among medical students in Tanzania are unknown. Objective To determine the prevalence, forms, and factors associated with academic bullying among medical students in Tanzania. Methodology This was a cross-sectional study among medical students in 10 medical schools in Tanzania using an online structured questionnaire. Statistical analysis included the use of frequencies, percentages, chi-square and univariate logistic regression at 95% confidence intervals (CIs) and significance at p-value <0.05. Results The study included 427 medical students. Majority (71.7%) of the medical students were in their clinical years. Among the participants, 80.8% had heard of academic bullying in medical school. Prevalence of academic bullying was 34.7% while 28.7% had a secondary experience. It was more common in clinical rotation settings (65.4%). Verbal abuse was the most common form of bullying. Factors associated with academic bullying included age, sex, marital status, religion, class category, year of study, presence of mentorship programs, having a mentor or not, presence of bullying reporting system, friendliness of bullying reporting system and students perceived overall rating of the learning environment. Conclusion Despite being relatively low compared to most countries, the prevalence of academic bullying among medical students in Tanzania is potentially of both medical education, career prosperity and mental health concern especially among medical students. Collaborative efforts among national respective authorities, medical schools and students are crucial in prevention and control of academic bullying practice.
The international Hip Outcome Tool 12 questionnaire (iHOT-12): an Italian language cross-cultural adaptation and validation
Authors: Randelli Filippo , Fioruzzi Alberto , Clemente Alice , Radaelli Alessandra , Menon Alessandra , Di Via Danilo , Caria Clemente , Mazzoleni Manuel Giovanni , Buono Claudio , Di Benedetto Paolo , Paciotti Michele , Papalia Rocco , Fiorentino Gennaro , Collarile Marco , Panasci Manlio , Carulli Christian , Rosolani Marco , Rocca Federico Della , Cerulli Simona , Potestio Domenico , Conati Michele , Costantini Alberto , Bisciotti Gian Nicola , Aprato Alessandro , Perticarini Loris , Santori Nicola , Loppini Mattia , Solarino Giuseppe , Vicenti Giovanni , Pavone Vito , Di Martino Alberto , Rivera Fabrizio 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
Patient-reported outcome (PRO) measures are essential for evaluating disease-related quality of life. The International Hip Outcome Tool 12 (iHOT12) assesses various aspects of hip-related symptoms, function, sports participation, and social limitations. This study aimed to adapt and validate an Italian version of the iHOT12 according to COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments (COSMIN) guidelines.

Materials and methods
A multicenter observational cohort study was conducted to translate and validate the iHOT-12 into Italian (iHOT-12-ita) and assess its psychometric properties. Following international guidelines, we translated and culturally adapted the iHOT-12-ita. Patients with hip pain included in the study completed the iHOT-12-ita and mHHS-ita questionnaires at three timepoints: initial consultation (T0), 10–20 days later (T1), and at least 2 months after treatment (T2): hip injection, hip arthroscopy or total hip replacement. The evaluation of the iHOT-12-ita psychometric properties was conducted following the COSMIN checklist, assessing its reliability, responsiveness, interpretability, and acceptability.

Results
Between May 2019 to September 2022, 104 patients were included, from two tertiary hip surgery referral center clinics, they completed both questionnaires and were available for data analysis. The psychometric evaluations revealed robust test–retest reliability on 27 patients at T1, with a Lin coefficient of 0.709 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.553–0.888] and a high Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.745. At T2 after treatment, there was significant responsiveness (p < 0.001, n = 72), with excellent correlation observed between the iHOT-12-Ita and mHHS-Ita questionnaires (pwcorr = 0.7971). All predefined hypotheses were confirmed.

Conclusions
The Italian iHOT-12-ita proved reliable, valid, and responsive in assessing hip disease-related quality of life. Its implementation in routine clinical practice and research can enhance patient care and research quality in hip preservation surgery for the Italian orthopedic community.
Level of evidence: II.
Enhanced prediction of hemolytic activity in antimicrobial peptides using deep learning-based sequence analysis
Authors: Abdelbaky Ibrahim , Elhakeem Mohamed , Tayara Hilal , Badr Elsayed , Abdul Salam Mustafa 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAntimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a promising class of antimicrobial drugs due to their broad-spectrum activity against microorganisms. However, their clinical application is limited by their potential to cause hemolysis, the destruction of red blood cells. To address this issue, we propose a deep learning model based on convolutional neural networks (CNNs) for predicting the hemolytic activity of AMPs. Peptide sequences are represented using one-hot encoding, and the CNN architecture consists of multiple convolutional and fully connected layers. The model was trained on six different datasets: HemoPI-1, HemoPI-2, HemoPI-3, RNN-Hem, Hlppredfuse, and AMP-Combined, achieving Matthew’s correlation coefficients of 0.9274, 0.5614, 0.6051, 0.6142, 0.8799, and 0.7484, respectively. Our model outperforms previously reported methods and can facilitate the development of novel AMPs with reduced hemolytic activity, which is crucial for their therapeutic use in treating bacterial infections.
Analysis of risk factors related to acute exacerbation in patients with chronic pancreatitis: a retrospective study of 313 cases from a single center in China
Authors: Liu Jiaming , Wang Cong , Chen Zhen , Dai Qili , Bai Jingrui , Cui Yun‑Feng 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
Acute on chronic pancreatitis(ACP) is a common cause of treatment in patients with chronic pancreatitis(CP). However, as far as we know, research on ACP has been few, and the quality may vary. This study intended to explore the risk factors related to acute exacerbation in patients with chronic pancreatitis.

Methods
313 patients with CP were analyzed based on clinical data from 2014 to 2023 and categorized into ACP and non-ACP groups. Their data, assessed across eleven parameters, were used to study risk variables associated with acute exacerbation in patients with chronic pancreatitis.

Results
Of the 313 eligible patients, 163(52.1%) were ACP. Age > 50 years old (P = 0.049, OR = 0.614, 95%CI: 0.378–0.998), recurrent acute pancreatitis(RAP) history (P = 0.000, OR = 3.284, 95%CI: 1.972–5.467) and steatorrhea (P = 0.013, OR = 0.189, 95%CI: 0.051–0.704) were related factors for ACP.

Conclusion
The history of RAP was an independent risk factor for ACP. Age and steatosis were protective of the prevalence of ACP.
The COVID-19 experience among international migrant workers in the Republic of Korea: knowledge and awareness of treatment and immigration policies
Authors: Park Jayoung , Heo Jongho , Kim Woong-Han , Choi Sugy 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Introduction
The COVID-19 pandemic has exposed various health risks and inequities experienced by international migrant workers. The number of migrant workers in the Republic of Korea (ROK) is rapidly growing and is expected to continue growing. Health related research on migrant workers in ROK is limited, especially among undocumented migrant workers who were more vulnerable to the pandemic. This study aims to examine the experiences of migrant workers and their knowledge and awareness of treatment and immigration policies during the pandemic.

Methods
We used data from the International Migrant Workers’ COVID-19 Health Literacy and Access to Medical Care project, a cross-sectional survey conducted with international migrant workers residing in ROK in 2021 (n = 537). Descriptive statistics and multivariable regression models were employed to understand different demographic, occupational, and immigration factors affecting migrant workers’ knowledge and awareness of treatment and immigration policies.

Results
Undocumented migrant workers had a longer length of residence in ROK and earned less compared to workers with work visa status. None of the undocumented migrant workers had access to health insurance since they were ineligible to enroll in the national health insurance scheme. In the early days of the pandemic, most undocumented migrant workers experienced a decrease in their average income. After adjusting for demographic differences and language proficiency, undocumented migrant workers (AOR: 0.41, 95% CI: 0.21, 0.78) were less likely to be aware of the policy allowing foreigners, including undocumented individuals, to access COVID-19 testing and treatment without the risk of deportation. Workers with a longer length of residence (AOR: 1.29, 95% CI: 1.09, 1.53) were more likely to be aware of this policy.

Conclusion
Undocumented migrant workers were often less informed about COVID-19 policies. While most of the survey respondents were knowledgeable about governmental policies regarding COVID-19 treatment and immigration, our results reveal multiple occupational and health insurance vulnerabilities of undocumented migrant workers living in ROK. More attention is needed to understand healthcare service barriers and how to provide adequate resources for this vulnerable population.
Multiple losses of aKRAB from PRDM9 coincide with a teleost-specific intron size distribution
Authors: Zinner Ann-Christin , Jakt Lars Martin 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
Primary transcripts are largely comprised of intronic sequences that are excised and discarded shortly after synthesis. In vertebrates, the shape of the intron size distribution is largely constant; however, most teleost fish have a diverged log-bimodal ‘teleost distribution’ (TD) that is seen only in teleosts. How the TD evolved and to what extent this was affected by adaptative or non-adaptive mechanisms is unknown.

Results
Here, we show that the TD has evolved independently at least six times and that its appearance is linked to the loss of the aKRAB domain from PRDM9. We determined intron size distributions and identified PRDM9 orthologues from annotated genomes in addition to scanning 1193 teleost assemblies for the aKRAB domain. We show that a diverged form of PRDM9 ($$\beta$$
β
) is predominant in teleosts whereas the $$\alpha$$
α
version is absent from most species. Only a subset of PRDM9-$$\alpha$$
α
proteins contain aKRAB, and hence, it is present only in a small number of teleost lineages. Almost all lineages lacking aKRAB (but no species with) had TDs.

Conclusions
In mammals, PRDM9 defines the sites of meiotic recombination through a mechanism that increases structural variance and depends on aKRAB. The loss of aKRAB is likely to have shifted the locations of both recombination and structural variance hotspots. Our observations suggest that the TD evolved as a side-effect of these changes and link recombination to the evolution of intron size illustrating how genome architectures can evolve in the absence of selection.
Biostimulants for enhancing productivity, bioactive components, and the essential oils of garlic with the potential antifungal activity
Authors: Hassan Hanaa S. , Feleafel Mostafa N. , El-Lahot Mina S. R. Abd , EL-Hefny Mervat , Rahman Taghreed F. M. Abdel , Mohamed Abeer A. , Abd-Elkader Doaa Y. , Mahdy R. M. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractTo feed the world’s growing population, the agriculture sector has recently had to strike a balance between reducing its detrimental effects on ecosystems and human health and boosting resource efficiency and production. In reality, pesticides and fertilizers are vital to agriculture and are useful instruments that farmers can employ to increase yield and guarantee steady productivity throughout the seasons under both favorable and unfavorable conditions. Therefore, in the present study, fertilizing with potassium citrate as a foliar spray and humic acid (HA) as a soil application allowed for the evaluation of vegetative growth parameters (plant height, number of leaves/plant), total phenolic content, total carbohydrate, antioxidant activity, the essential oil (EO) composition, and bulb yield of garlic (Allium sativum L.). These were carried out in two field experiments throughout the 2020–2021 and 2021–2022 growth seasons. A gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) apparatus was performed to determine the chemical composition of the isolated EOs. The antifungal activity of the EOs was assessed against two fungi, Fusarium proliferatum and Macrophomina phaseolina, that cause geranium plants to wilt and decay. The findings indicated that applying HA at a rate of 2 g/L with potassium citrate at a rate of 5 or 10 mL/L produced garlic bulbs with the highest levels of productivity and diameter. The diverse treatments between HA with potassium citrate resulted in significant variations in the bioactive components, such as total phenol content, antioxidant activity, total carbohydrate, and sulfur content. The analysis of the EOs revealed the presence of dimethyl trisulfide, diallyl disulfide, methyl 2-propenyl trisulfide, allitridin, and methyl allyl disulfide and allyl tetrasulfide as main compounds. By gradually increasing the concentration of the garlic EO to 4000 µg/mL compared to the control, the inhibition percentage of fungal growth of F. proliferatum and M. phaseolina was increased. In conclusion, a high concentration of HA with potassium citrate (5 or 10 mL/L), may be suitable and highly appreciated as a fertilizer application to enhance the productivity and EOs content of garlic plants.
Engineered macrophages: an “Intelligent Repair” cellular machine for heart injury
Authors: Zhang Zhuo , Du Hetian , Gao Weijie , Zhang Donghui 
Published: November 2024

AbstractMacrophages are crucial in the heart’s development, function, and injury. As part of the innate immune system, they act as the first line of defense during cardiac injury and repair. After events such as myocardial infarction or myocarditis, numerous macrophages are recruited to the affected areas of the heart to clear dead cells and facilitate tissue repair. This review summarizes the roles of resident and recruited macrophages in developing cardiovascular diseases. We also describe how macrophage phenotypes dynamically change within the cardiovascular disease microenvironment, exhibiting distinct pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory functions. Recent studies reveal the values of targeting macrophages in cardiovascular diseases treatment and the novel bioengineering technologies facilitate engineered macrophages as a promising therapeutic strategy. Engineered macrophages have strong natural tropism and infiltration for cardiovascular diseases aiming to reduce inflammatory response, inhibit excessive fibrosis, restore heart function and promote heart regeneration. We also discuss recent studies highlighting therapeutic strategies and new approaches targeting engineered macrophages, which can aid in heart injury recovery.
Contribution of aseismic slips to earthquake swarms at the Hakone volcano
Authors: Kawai Tetsuro , Yukutake Yohei , Doke Ryosuke , Honda Ryou 
Published: November 2024

AbstractRecent studies have proposed the contribution of aseismic slip (AS) to earthquake swarms. We investigated the role of AS in earthquake swarms that occurred in 2009, 2015, and 2019 at the Hakone volcano, central Japan, through highly resolved hypocenter distribution analysis, geodetic observation analysis, and identification of similar earthquakes. We observed diffusion-like migration of hypocenters during these swarms. The hydraulic diffusivity varied among the swarms, indicating differing dynamics. The 2015 swarm exhibited rapid hypocenter migration and significant crustal deformation, as revealed by the temporal sequences of tiltmeters near the swarm region. Right-lateral shear dislocation on fault planes could explain the crustal deformation observed in 2015, indicating that AS released approximately 90% of the moment. However, the 2009 swarm lacked evidence of significant AS contribution, indicating that the primary mechanism was fluid pressure diffusion. The substantial contribution of AS to the 2015 swarm might be attributed to increased fluid pressure due to the intrusion of hydrothermal fluid into the shallow part beneath the volcano during volcanic unrest. Our findings imply that the temporal and spatial patterns of seismicity can provide valuable insights into the underlying mechanics of earthquake swarms.
Graphical abstract
The role of endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) in detecting common bile duct (CBD) stones missed post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) in patients with calculous obstructive jaundice
Authors: Hassan Mohamed Badr , Hashim Ahmed Morad , Darwish Mahmoud Abd Elnabi Mohamed , Abdellatef Abeer 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
Choledocholithiasis occurs in up to 20% of patients with gallstones. Diagnosing choledocholithiasis can be challenging. Previously, the gold standard for diagnosis was endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). However, small stones often evade detection through ERCP and magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP). Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) has proven effective in identifying common bile duct (CBD) stones that MRCP and ERCP might miss, particularly small stones or those lodged in the distal CBD or papillary region. The study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of EUS in detecting CBD stones missed by MRCP and ERCP.

Methods
A case–control study was conducted; we enrolled 30 patients who were presented with calculous obstructive jaundice and had undergone both ERCP and MRCP. A stent was inserted in these patients. Prior to stent removal, these patients underwent EUS to evaluate its effectiveness in detecting any remaining CBD stones post-ERCP. The sensitivity and specificity of EUS, ERCP, and MRCP were compared based on the presence, size, and number of detected stones.

Results
The mean age of involved patients was 50.3 ± 10.2 years. ERCP demonstrated a sensitivity of 44.4%, specificity of 100%, positive predictive value (PPV) of 100%, negative predictive value (NPV) of 16.6%, and an accuracy of 50%. MRCP showed a sensitivity of 81.5%, specificity of 100%, PPV of 100%, NPV of 37.5%, and an accuracy of 83.3% when compared with EUS results. The complication rate for EUS was significantly lower than that for diagnostic ERCP. Additionally, an EUS-based strategy was more cost-effective than diagnostic ERCP for patients with low, moderate, or high risk.

Conclusion
Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) is a promising, non-invasive, non-contrast technique that may serve as a superior diagnostic tool compared with MRCP and ERCP, particularly for detecting small stones or those impacted in the distal CBD or papillary region.
Policing Muslims under the Directory
Authors: Coller Ian 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In early 1799 French authorities issued orders to identify and register Ottoman Muslims within the territory of the Republic, followed by orders to arrest Algerian subjects and sequester their property. The immediate context of the policing operation was France's unprovoked July 1798 invasion of Egypt, leading to the Ottoman declaration of war in September. But the aims of this botched and almost entirely fruitless operation are harder to discern. Presented as a way of ensuring the safety of French subjects who had been detained in Istanbul and Algiers, it only exacerbated tensions. It was less a proportionate diplomatic action than a Machiavellian tactic by the foreign minister, Talleyrand. In the interests of ending the Revolution in France, Talleyrand sought to aggravate the war and drive the Ottoman Empire into the arms of the anti-French coalition. The new anti-Muslim rhetoric that emerged in this process outlasted Talleyrand's ministry and contributed to the fragmentation of republican universalism in the lead-up to Napoleon Bonaparte's coup d’état at the end of 1799.