bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Severity of Tropical Cyclones atypical during El Nino –	A Statistical Elucidation
Authors: Chaudhuri Sutapa , De Sarkar Anindita 
Published: November 2024

Tropical cyclones are one of nature's most violent manifestations and potentially the deadliest of all meteorological phenomena. The casualty associated with major cyclones in the Indian sub-continent gives an idea about its enormous destructive capability. The effect of El Nino over Indian Ocean is not fully understood yet. The present study is an attempt to establish a relationship between El Nino and severity of tropical cyclones. The rationale of the present study is to view whether a persistent cyclonic disturbance leads to the development of a tropical cyclone or severe tropical cyclone during an El Nino year. Statistical techniques are adopted to attain the objectives. The results of the study reveal that in the El Nino year cyclonic disturbances may turn to tropical cyclones but turning to its severity is absolutely unusual.
Biodiversity of Heavy Metal-tolerant Terrestrial Mycobiota in	Drainage Water Resources
Authors: Hashem Mohamed 
Published: November 2024

This work was initiated to study the biodiversity of filamentous fungi in drainage water channels and their correlation with heavy metal pollution. Results showed that all water samples collected from different drainage channels were contaminated by Cd, Co, Cu, Mn, Pb and Zn but in various and relatively low concentrations. Aspergillus, Penicillium, Mucor, Trichoderma and Rhizopus were the most prevalent genera. The dominance of these genera varied in different sites. There was a basic similarity in prevalence and fluctuation of fungi isolated from both the large and the small channels. Tolerance of A. flavus var. flavus, A. fumigatus, A. terreus var. africanus, A. niger, A. oryzae, M. racemosus, P. citrinum, R. stolonifer and T. viride to Zn, Pb and Cd was studied. Results proved that all of these fungi could resist presence of heavy metal but to various limits. T. viride seemed to be the most tolerant fungus against Zn and Pb whereas M. racemosus was the most tolerant one to Cd. This study recommends that application of multi-species system could play an effective role in biosorption of heavy metals from waste waters rather than using of individual species.
Application of WQI Technique for the Classification of Water	Quality: Mahanadi River-estuarine System, India – A Case Study
Authors: Sundaray Sanjay Kumar , Nayak Binod Bihari , Bhatta Dinabandhu 
Published: November 2024

Water Quality Index (WQI) plays an important role in interpreting the information on water quality trends of a water body and was used to denote degradation of river water quality. WQI technique was applied for the classification of Mahanadi river-estuarine waters with respect to three major use purposes. WQI representing importance of the variables was studied with respect to suitability of river water for drinking, aquatic lives and irrigation purposes for 31 different stations of the river during six different seasons (pre-monsoon, monsoon and post monsoon during 2001–02 and 2002–03). In the formulation of a WQI, the importance of various parameters (pH, EC (electrical conductance), DO (dissolved oxygen), BOD (biochemical oxygen demand), TDS (total dissolved solids), turbidity, SO4, chloride, nitrate, sodium, calcium, magnesium, alkalinity and hardness) depends on the intend use of water. The results of different WQI produce similar trend but different index values as well as some different remarks. The present study reveals that the water quality of Atherbanki creek irrespective of seasons, is quite unsuitable for all the three purposes, which may be due to the combined impact of municipal effluent from Paradip township, industrial effluents from industries like PPL** and also saline influence. The application of a WQI to the Mahanadi river allows a water quality classification both spatial and temporally, that is reproducible within the river by means of uniform, objective criteria. Such an approach permits the identification of stretches of river that may require urgent measures in order to restore minimal water quality uses for different purposes, and can be applied beyond the Mahanadi river. From the present observation, it can be concluded that three major townships (Sambalpur, Cuttack and Paradip) in the basin produce negative impact on the Mahanadi river water quality, particularly serious after the city sewage discharge. Effective pollution control measures must be taken in the near future.
Heavy Metal Accumulation in Brain of Fishes Consequent to River	Pollution
Authors: James T.J. , Roshini M.D. , Subramanian Manju V. 
Published: November 2024

Periyar, one of the major rivers of Kerala state passes through the highly polluted industrial area, Eloor and Chitrapuzha region. Heavy metal pollution is one of the major problems of the water pollution in this region. Heavy metals are vigorous oxidizing agents and thus are highly bound to biochemical inability of tissues and thus affect fishes. The main objective of the study was to check whether the heavy metals have targeted the most vitally protected tissue – the brain and to analyse the increasing tendency of heavy metal accumulation with age in fishes. The study area includes the highly polluted Eloor and Chitraphuzha area, nearly 11 kms away from Kochi. The Fish, Gobius malabaricus, belonging to the family Gobidae were collected, weighed and grouped. Fishes were dissected for brain tissue, weighed, homogenized and heavy metals were detected using ICPAES (Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrophotometer). The study showed heavy metal accumulation in the order Copper ⩾ Manganese ⩾ Zinc (0.55 ppm). Cadmium and Chromium were found below detection limit. The greatest accumulation of heavy metals was found in the brain of older fishes. Accumulation of heavy metals even in the brain of fishes, thus, indicates the extent of heavy metal pollution in the industrial area.
Recovery and Utilization of Sulphur Dioxide from Exhaust Flue	Gases to Control SO$_2$ Emission at Thermal Power Plant, Rajasthan
Authors: Sharma Arun Kumar , Acharya Shveta , Sharma Rashmi 
Published: November 2024

SO $_2$ is a major constituent in air pollution. Pet coke (having 6% Sulphur) with lime stone are being used for power generation in thermal power plants. Sulphur dioxide is produced during combustion of fuels containing sulphur and affects the environment in number of ways like acid rain corrosion and severe damage to health. Flue gas desulphurization (FGD) is the technique used for removal of SO $_2$ from exhaust flue gases in power plants. In accordance with the invention, flue gases containing sulphur dioxide are passed through a solution which was rich with sodium ions to produce sulphate by using SO $_2$ monitoring kit of SO $_2$ measurement. To find the optimum temperature of absorption of SO $_2$ in NaOH solution, the study was carried out at various temperatures. As is clear from Table 2 it is 20–25°C which is the most appropriate for the maximum absorption of SO $_2$ by NaOH solution. Similar sets of experiments were carried out by varying the time intervals for absorption of SO $_2$ by NaOH solution. As is shown in Table 4 the increased absorption of SO $_2$ is observed with increase in time intervals.
Environmental Auditing for Sustainable Development of Indian	Industries
Authors: Tripathy D.P. 
Published: November 2024

Environmental auditing is a process whereby an organization's environmental performance is tested against its environmental policies and objectives. Current environmental legislation, marketing requirements and community expectations reflect an increased awareness of the need to protect the environment that requires all aspects of the mining and allied industries to be undertaken in an environmentally responsible way. Environmental audits can help the industry to become environmentally responsible and demonstrate this responsibility to the community. Environmental auditing refers to the statement of assessment of environmental impact of an existing industry. It is a tool to assess the environmental management system, policy and equipment. The need to conduct an environmental audit varies for different organizations, as per the objectives of auditing. It is not available in the form of a readymade package, applicable to all situations. Thus, the procedure of environmental audit should be planned as per the objectives of auditing. It should be incorporated with other effective environmental tools like Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) and Environmental Management System (EMS) for better results. Effective implementation of environmental auditing helps in minimization of environmental risks at low cost. This paper discusses in detail the concepts and types of environmental audits, the different stages of audit processes and methodology for ensuring sustainable development of Indian industrial sectors. This also emphasizes on EA skills and audit protocols along with discussions on key audit techniques and their applicability in a developing country like India.
A Long-Term Study of Mine Site Rehabilitation in Australia
Authors: Fergusson L. 
Published: November 2024

This paper presents a three-part treatment and revegetation programme conducted at a derelict metaliferous mine site in Australia from 2000-2013. Programme #1 examined the treatment of acidity and leachable metals and the impact of revegetation in a control and three treated areas of contaminated waste rock at one part of the site; Programme #2 examined the treatment of acidity, plant uptake of metals and trace elements, and tree growth in a control and four treated areas of contaminated waste rock at a second section of the site; and Programme #3 examined the treatment of acidity and leachable metals and revegetation of submerged mine tailings and an exposed tailings beach. Programme #1, which assessed lime and biosolids amended waste rock, a standard clay-topsoil capping of waste rock, and the addition of Terra B reagent to waste rock compared to a control, showed soil pH in the control remained unchanged from years 1-14 at around 4.0, while soil pH in the limed and capped areas was initially increased but fell back to starting levels of around 4.0 within 12 months and remained low for 14 years. In contrast, soil pH in the Terra B treated area was 6.8 immediately after treatment and increased to 7.2 in year 6 and 8.7 by year 14 without further treatment; these findings were consistent for data on total actual acidity and total potential acidity. Similarly, leachable metals were generally lower in the Terra B area than either the control or other treatment areas. Tree height and density were also measured in 2005 and again in 2013 indicating acidity in the control, limed and capped areas suppressed tree height and density, however by 2013 in the Terra B area revegetation was comparable to undisturbed, remnant forest. In Programme #2, outcomes over the 14-year period were consistent with those observed in Programme #1 for the control, biosolids and Terra B treatment areas. Programme #3 showed the submerged and exposed tailings which had low pH of 3.5 and high concentrations of total and leachable metals before treatment, but heavy metals became non-leachable immediately after treatment with Terra B reagent and pH rose to 8.0, remaining steady for 14 years. Revegetation was achieved on the tailings beach, with almost uniform colonization of bulrush and common reed, along with bottlebrush and golden wattle; a variety of reptiles have also been observed on the revegetated tailings beach, along with migrating ducks, spoonbills and grebes. In each case, what was highly contaminated waste rock or tailings before treatment, effectively became a neutralised, stable growth medium after treatment with Terra B reagent.
Green Revolution in India: Environmental Degradation and Impact on	Livestock
Authors: Rahman Saidur 
Published: November 2024

The Green Revolution has transformed India to a food grain surplus country from a deficit one. No other activity has such immense impact on the socio-economic development of the people as the Green Revolution. Intensification of agriculture over the years has led to overall degradation of the fragile agro-ecosystem. High cost of production and diminishing economic returns from agricultural practices are affecting the socio-economic condition of farmers. Loss of soil fertility, erosion of soil, soil toxicity, diminishing water resources, pollution of underground water, salinity of underground water, increased incidence of human and livestock diseases and global warming are some of the negative impacts of over adoption of agricultural technologies by the farmers to make the Green Revolution successful. Indiscriminate and disproportionate use of chemicals pollutes the soil, air and water and feed and fodders offered to animals. This may be one of the important etiologies of increased productive and reproductive health problems of livestock. Various scientific studies and surveys conducted on fertilizer and pesticide residues during last 45 years indicate the presence of residues of fertilizers and pesticides like nitrates, organochlorines, organophosphates, synthetic pyrethroids and carbamates at higher level than permissible limit in milk, dairy products, water, fodder, livestock feeds and other food products. As urea, a nitrogen-rich fertilizer is used much more than the recommended 4-to-1 ratio to potassium; it is contributing to the global warming. The extent of systematic damages caused in the process of Green Revolution to the soil, groundwater, and ecosystem needs to be quantified. It could lead to irreversible consequence to the life of the people who are benefited once if the timely, adequate and sustainable measures are not taken up to mitigate the harm done by the Green Revolution.
Prevalence of Antibiotic Resistant Enterobacteriaceae in Medical	Gauze as Unseen Environmental Pollutant
Authors: Banerjee Devjani , Gohil Tejas , Dudhat Sarika 
Published: November 2024

The present study was undertaken to screen the bacterial isolates causing hemolysis present in medical gauze, used to wrap wounds. The medical gauze was obtained from medical store Anand, Gujarat, India. Isolation was done according to Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI) guidelines along with 16S rDNA characterization and further PCR was performed to check the presence of hemolysin gene. In all, 10 different bacterial colonies were isolated out of which seven were found to be resistant against one or the other antibiotic. Molecular characterization of colony number 7 confirmed the presence of hemolysin gene and was found to be resistant to large number of antibiotics, identified as Enterobacter hormaechei. Enterobacter hormaechei is lesser known strain as not much has been reported in India. But this is thought to be one of the major bacteria responsible for nosocomial infection by means of various transmissions. Medical gauzes are widely used in surgeries and covering wounds. The possible presence of antibiotic resistant bacteria like this can give rise to devastating effect leading to various nosocomial outbreaks.
Kebisingan Di Sektor Informal : Studi Kasus Mesin Penghalus Bahan Makanan Di Kecamatan Mamuju Kabupaten Mamuju
Authors: Hairuddin Miftah Chairani , Adiningsih Ridhayani 
Published: November 2024

Latar Belakang : Mesin penghalus atau penggiling menjadi salah satu penyumbang sumber kebisingan di Pasar. Mesin tentunya membutuhkan pekerja untuk dapat mengoperasikan mesin tersebut. Pekerja yang sering terpapar oleh suara yang ditimbulkan dapat menimbulkan gangguan pendengaran dari ringan hingga berat. Tujuan: Mengetahui tingkat kebisingan dan jenis kebisingan. Metode: Penelitian observasional dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Kecamatan Mamuju Kabupaten Mamuju pada tahun 2023. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh pedagang yang memiliki mesin penghalus bahan makanan di Kecamatan Mamuju yaitu 41 pedagang. Sampel dipilih dengan teknik total population sampling, yang berarti semua populasi menjadi responden penelitian. Prosedur pengumpulan data untuk intensitas kebisingan diukur menggunakan Sound Level Meter, sesuai dengan standar SNI-7231-2009. Data dianalisis menggunakan metode statistik deskriptif untuk menentukan rata-rata dan distribusi karakteristik kebisingan. Hasil : Pengukuran intensitas kebisingan menunjukkan rata-rata 93,97 dB, 94,76 dB, dan 95,48 dB. Hasil pengukuran menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar mesin menghasilkan kebisingan intermittent. Kesimpulan : intensitas kebisingan yang dihasilkan oleh mesin penghalus makanan melebihi nilai ambang batas (NAB) sebesar 85 dB.
Penerapan Sanitasi Di Pasar Tradisional Kota Palembang: Tinjauan Fasilitas Dan Perspektif Pedagang
Authors: Ardillah Yustini , Purnama Sari Indah , Septiawati Dwi 
Published: November 2024

Di era pandemic Covid-19, Sanitasi menjadi bagian penting dalam pencegahan penularan virus tersebut. Pasar merupakan tempat umum yang berpotensi untuk menjadi kluster penularan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan fasilitas sanitasi di pasar serta perspektif pedagang mengenai Covid-19. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskripsi observasional, sampel dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 206 pedagang pasar tradisional di 19 pasar Kota Palembang. Pemilihan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling. Pengambilan data dengan menggunakan wawancara dengan kuesionar terstruktur dan observasi dengan menggunakan checklist. Data dianalisis secara univariable. Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa kurang dari 50% pasar tradisonal yang sudah memiliki fasilitas sanitasi berupa jamban, sarana cuci tangan menggunakan sabun, air bersih dan saluran pembuangan air limbah yang memenuhi persyaratan. Sementara sikap pedagang pasar terhadap penularan Covid-19, hanya sebanyak 39% pedagang yang merasa dapat menularkan Covid-19. Penerapan protocol kesehatan juga rendah, 61.2% pedagang masih berkerumun, 60,2% tidak menggunakan masker dan 81,1% tidak menjaga jarak. Fasilitas protokol kesehatan dan fasilitas sanitasi perlu ditingkatkan untuk memaksimalkan pencegahan penularan Covid-19 di pasar tradisional.
Prevalensi Jamur <i>Malasssezia Furfur</i> Pada Panu Anak Sekolah Dasar Negeri 47 Kelurahan Dufa-Dufa Kota Ternate
Authors: Puasa Rony , Anwar Aan Yulianingsih , Abubakar Nadira 
Published: November 2024

Latar Belakang: Indonesia merupakan negara kepulauan yang terletak di garis khatulistiwa yang mempunyai iklim tropis yang memungkinkan berkembangnya penyakit menular yang di sebabkan oleh mikroorganisme seperti jamur. Malassezia furfur merupakan salah satu jenis jamur pada kulit. Adanya Malassezia furfur pada siswa menyebabkan siswa hilang konsentrasi pada saat belajar karena adanya rasa gatal selain itu juga dapat menurunkan rasa percaya diri pada siswa tersebut. Tujuan: mengidentifikasi jamur Malassezia furfur pada siswa. Metode: Penelitian menggunakan metode deskriptif. Sampel penelitian menggunakan metode total sampling sampling dimana jumlah sampel sebanyak 33 siswa. Hasil: Ditemukan 3 Sampel Positif dan 30 Sampel Negatif Pada Swab kulit Siswa-siswi SD Negeri 47 Kelurahan Dufa-dufa Kota Ternate. Kesimpulan: Didapatkan 10% Pertumbuhan jamur Malassezia furfur Panu Anak Sekolah Dasar Negeri 47 Kelurahan Dufa-Dufa Kota Ternate
Pengaruh Faktor Iklim, ABJ Terhadap Kejadian Demam Berdarah Dengue Menggunakan Analisis Regresi
Authors: Lutfianawati Ridha Fajar , Marlik Marlik , Ngadino Ngadino , Nurmayanti Demes , Sulistio Irwan 
Published: November 2024

Background: Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever or dengue is a health problem in Indonesia. Papar District of Kediri Regency is included in the area with the highest number of dengue cases. Purpose: knowing the climatic factors (rainfall, temperature, humidity) and ABJ that affect the incidence of DBD. Methods: This type of research is quantitative with retrospective methods. Research data is secondary data. The object of the study is climate factors, ABJ and dbd cases in 2016-2021 in Kediri Regency. Analyze data using linear regression. Results: The results of the correlation test are related between humidity, temperature, rainfall and ABJ with DBD, namely -0.273 (P = 0.029), 0.332 (P = 0.007), 0.286 (P = 0.022) and (P = 0.276). The form of regression equation is DBD = 78.1 + 0.01787 Rainfall + 0.986 Humidity with an R2 value of 22.53%. Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between DBD and Climate Factors (humidity, temperature, rainfall), there is no relationship of DBD with ABJ. Regression equations can be used to prepare for DHF prevention and control measures in the future.
Educator's blueprint: A how-to guide for creating analog serious games for learning in medical education
Authors: Chan Teresa M. , Edwards Sarah , Swamy Lakshman , Cosimini Michael , Watsjold Bjorn 
Published: November 2024

<p> </p>
<p>Serious games are an emerging tool for teaching and learning within medical education. These games can be used to facilitate learning or to demonstrate complex concepts in short bursts of interactive learning. This educator's blueprint will provide 10 strategies for creating a serious game, focusing on card and board games. These strategies include creating a project charter; determining the nature of the game; establishing game mechanics; selecting the best medium; prototyping and playtesting; reviewing sensitivity to equity, diversity, and inclusion; reviewing and refining content; funding game development, manufacture, and distribution; marketing and publicizing the game; and future-proofing the game. This blueprint hopes to help aspiring serious game designers and educators to conceptualize the steps for successfully creating a new serious game for medical education.</p>
Serious Games Without Screens. Comment on “Involvement of End Users in the Development of Serious Games for Health Care Professions Education: Systematic Descriptive Review”
Authors: Cosimini Michael Joseph , Watsjold Bjorn , Chan Teresa M. 
Published: November 2024

<p>[para. 3]: "We would like to challenge the persistent usage of the narrow digital-only definition of a serious game seen in health professionals’ education, often citing the same 2012 review or its source, a 2006 book about the design of serious video games. While the focus of <em>JMIR Serious Games</em> may be digital games and gamification, not all games are digital, and similarly, not all serious games are digital. As designers of card and board games used for health professionals’ education, we invite those in our field to reconsider this narrow definition. With its origin in mind, a more inclusive definition of serious games would be any standalone game designed with a specific purpose beyond entertainment <em>regardless of medium. </em>"</p>