bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Targeting FLT3 mutations in AML: review of current knowledge and evidence
Authors: Daver Naval , Schlenk Richard F. , Russell Nigel H. , Levis Mark J. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractGenomic investigations of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) have demonstrated that several genes are recurrently mutated, leading to new genomic classifications, predictive biomarkers, and new therapeutic targets. Mutations of the FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) gene occur in approximately 30% of all AML cases, with the internal tandem duplication (ITD) representing the most common type of FLT3 mutation (FLT3-ITD; approximately 25% of all AML cases). FLT3-ITD is a common driver mutation that presents with a high leukemic burden and confers a poor prognosis in patients with AML. The prognostic value of a FLT3 mutation in the tyrosine kinase domain (FLT3-TKD), which has a lower incidence in AML (approximately 7–10% of all cases), is uncertain. Accumulating evidence demonstrates that FLT3 mutational status evolves throughout the disease continuum. This so-called clonal evolution, together with the identification of FLT3-ITD as a negative prognostic marker, serves to highlight the importance of FLT3-ITD testing at diagnosis and again at relapse. Earlier identification of FLT3 mutations will help provide a better understanding of the patient’s disease and enable targeted treatment that may help patients achieve longer and more durable remissions. First-generation FLT3 inhibitors developed for clinical use are broad-spectrum, multikinase inhibitors; however, next-generation FLT3 inhibitors are more specific, more potent, and have fewer toxicities associated with off-target effects. Primary and secondary acquired resistance to FLT3 inhibitors remains a challenge and provides a rationale for combining FLT3 inhibitors with other therapies, both conventional and investigational. This review focuses on the pathological and prognostic role of FLT3 mutations in AML, clinical classification of the disease, recent progress with next-generation FLT3 inhibitors, and mechanisms of resistance to FLT3 inhibitors.
Enhancing genetic disease control by selecting for lower host infectivity and susceptibility
Authors: Tsairidou Smaragda , Anacleto O. , Woolliams J. A. , Doeschl-Wilson A. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractInfectious diseases have a huge impact on animal health, production and welfare, and human health. Understanding the role of host genetics in disease spread is important for developing disease control strategies that efficiently reduce infection incidence and risk of epidemics. While heritable variation in disease susceptibility has been targeted in livestock breeding, emerging evidence suggests that there is additional genetic variation in host infectivity, but the potential benefits of including infectivity into selection schemes are currently unknown. A Susceptible-Infected-Recovered epidemiological model incorporating polygenic genetic variation in both susceptibility and infectivity was combined with quantitative genetics selection theory to assess the non-linear impact of genetic selection on field measures of epidemic risk and severity. Response to 20 generations of selection was calculated in large simulated populations, exploring schemes differing in accuracy and intensity. Assuming moderate genetic variation in both traits, 50% selection on susceptibility required seven generations to reduce the basic reproductive number R0 from 7.64 to the critical threshold of <1, below which epidemics die out. Adding infectivity in the selection objective accelerated the decline towards R0 < 1, to 3 generations. Our results show that although genetic selection on susceptibility reduces disease risk and prevalence, the additional gain from selection on infectivity accelerates disease eradication and reduces more efficiently the risk of new outbreaks, while it alleviates delays generated by unfavourable correlations. In conclusion, host infectivity was found to be an important trait to target in future genetic studies and breeding schemes, to help reducing the occurrence and impact of epidemics.
The Impact of Communication Impairments on the Social Relationships of Older Adults: Pathways to Psychological Well-Being
Authors: Palmer Andrew D. , Carder Paula C. , White Diana L. , Saunders Gabrielle , Woo Hyeyoung , Graville Donna J. , Newsom Jason T. 
Published: January 2019

PurposeSocial contact is known to be vital for older adults' mental and physical health but, because communication impairments often co-occur with other types of disability, it is difficult to generalize about the relative impact of a communication impairment on the social relationships of older adults. Specific aims of the study were to examine whether the severity of a communication impairment was associated with a range of social measures and to examine the association between these characteristics and psychological well-being.MethodCommunity-dwelling older adults ranging in age from 65 to 94 were recruited for the study of Communication, Health, Aging, Relationship Types and Support. The sample included 240 participants with communication disorders arising from a variety of etiologies including hearing impairment, voice disorders, head and neck cancer, and neurologic disease, as well as older adults without a communication disorder.ResultsCommunication impairment was a significant independent predictor for key characteristics of social relationships, including the number of friends in the social network, two types of social support, the frequency of social participation, and social self-efficacy. Communication impairment was also a significant predictor for higher levels of loneliness and depression. In addition, two distinct pathways between communication impairment and psychological well-being were identified, with social self-efficacy and reassurance of worth as mediators.ConclusionsEven after controlling for age, gender, health, and disability, communication impairment is a significant independent predictor for key aspects of the social function of older adults and demonstrates two distinct pathways to loneliness and depression.Supplemental Materialhttps://doi.org/10.23641/asha.7250282
The Relationship of Collaboration and Job Satisfaction Between Speech-Language Pathologists and School Psychologists
Authors: Ocampo Alaine , Kennedy Kelly 
Published: January 2019

Purpose
The professions of speech-language pathology and school psychology appear to be moving in similar directions in the 21st century. Legal mandates suggest the importance of speech-language pathologists (SLPs) and school psychologists (SPs) adopting more of a collaborative role in the school setting as opposed to past roles resembling separate deliveries of service. Moreover, both professions are encouraged to address service provision in a more comprehensive manner to reach all students, regardless of special education eligibility. However, the changing roles of SLPs and SPs may result in higher workload demands and eventually lead to a decrease in job satisfaction. A collaborative model may alleviate their growing workloads and thus increase their job satisfaction. This study examined collaboration among SLPs with SPs and the relationship of collaboration to job satisfaction. Factors that increased the likelihood of the SLPs engaging in collaborative practices were also investigated. Data were collected from 363 SLPs through a web-based survey.

Conclusions
The results revealed a significant correlation between job satisfaction and collaboration. A multiple regression analysis identified attitude toward collaboration and perception of the other professional's competency level to be significant predictors of collaboration for the SLPs. The results add to the emerging body of research describing the influence of collaboration on job satisfaction and strengthen the notion that collaboration increases job satisfaction.
An environmental scan of medication history technician programs within the Veterans Health Administration
Authors: Presley Caroline A , Byerly Susan H , Aylor Amy R , Mixon Amanda S 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

Purpose
Results of a study to identify medication history technician (MHT) programs within the Veterans Health Administration (VHA) and to evaluate the personnel, structure, and scope of such programs are reported.

Methods
Specially trained pharmacy technicians can take accurate patient medication histories and contribute to the medication reconciliation process. An environmental scan of MHT programs within VHA was conducted via an email query of pharmacy personnel. Semistructured interviews of personnel at each responding site (an MHT, a pharmacist, or both) were conducted.

Results
Ten VHA sites had existing MHT programs; the earliest was initiated in 2010. Sites employed from 1 to 4 MHTs, who most commonly worked in the inpatient setting (7 sites). At most sites (9), MHTs obtained a “best possible medication history” through systematic collection of medication information using 2 reliable sources, such as patients, caregivers, and medical records. Survey respondents at all sites reported benefits of MHT programs, including dedicated time to obtain medication histories, allowing for more effective use of pharmacists’ time. Six sites were eager to increase the reach of their programs. MHT training, oversight, and quality assurance varied across the sites. The survey results indicated that there are opportunities nationally—within and outside VHA—to develop standardized training, competency assessments, and quality assurance measures for MHT programs.

Conclusion
Ten VHA sites with MHT programs were identified. MHTs most commonly worked in inpatient settings as part of admission medication reconciliation processes.
Urinary 1-hydroxypyrene and Skin Contamination in Firefighters Deployed to the Fort McMurray Fire
Authors: Cherry Nicola , Aklilu Yayne-abeba , Beach Jeremy , Britz-McKibbin Philip , Elbourne Rebecca , Galarneau Jean-Michel , Gill Biban , Kinniburgh David , Zhang Xu 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

Background
In May 2016, firefighters from the province of Alberta, Canada deployed to a fire that engulfed the urban area of Fort McMurray. During the first days of the fire, firefighters experienced heavy smoke exposures during greatly extended work shifts. Urinary samples were collected post-deployment from three fire services for estimation of 1-hydroxypyrene (1-HP) concentration, reflecting exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), to determine the effects of respiratory protective equipment (RPE) and skin hygiene in reducing internal dose

Methods
Urine samples from one fire service (n = 62) were analyzed for 1-HP by two laboratories, using different assays (LC-MS/MS: GC-MS): remaining samples were analyzed just by LC-MS/MS. A Skin Exposure Mitigation Index (SEMI) was computed from questions on opportunities for changing clothing, showering, and washing during breaks. Regression analyses, using 1-HP ng/g creatinine as the dependent variable, assessed the effect of RPE and skin factors on PAH absorption, allowing for environmental exposure and potential confounders. Stratification identified key groups with equal delay in sample collection.

Results
1-HP was detected in 71.0% of 62 samples by LC-MS/MS and 98.4% by GC-MS, with good mutual agreement between the methods. In 171 post-fire samples, 1-HP corrected for creatinine was related to current cigarette smoking and recent barbeque. Among those with samples collected within 48 h, urinary 1-HP was correlated with estimated exposure(r = 0.53, P &lt; 0.001). In those with only one rotation before urine sample collection, no effect was seen of RPE use but I-HP was significantly lower (P = 0.003) in those with those with a high score on the SEMI scale, indicating better access to factors mitigating skin absorption.

Conclusion
Skin exposure to PAHs is an important route of absorption in firefighters, which can be mitigated by good skin hygiene.
Rapid Molecular Tests for Influenza, Respiratory Syncytial Virus, and Other Respiratory Viruses: A Systematic Review of Diagnostic Accuracy and Clinical Impact Studies
Authors: Vos Laura M , Bruning Andrea H L , Reitsma Johannes B , Schuurman Rob , Riezebos-Brilman Annelies , Hoepelman Andy I M , Oosterheert Jan Jelrik 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
We systematically reviewed available evidence from Embase, Medline, and the Cochrane Library on diagnostic accuracy and clinical impact of commercially available rapid (results &lt;3 hours) molecular diagnostics for respiratory viruses as compared to conventional molecular tests. Quality of included studies was assessed using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies criteria for diagnostic test accuracy (DTA) studies, and the Cochrane Risk of Bias Assessment and Risk of Bias in Nonrandomized Studies of Interventions criteria for randomized and observational impact studies, respectively. Sixty-three DTA reports (56 studies) were meta-analyzed with a pooled sensitivity of 90.9% (95% confidence interval [CI], 88.7%–93.1%) and specificity of 96.1% (95% CI, 94.2%–97.9%) for the detection of either influenza virus (n = 29), respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) (n = 1), influenza virus and RSV (n = 19), or a viral panel including influenza virus and RSV (n = 14). The 15 included impact studies (5 randomized) were very heterogeneous and results were therefore inconclusive. However, we suggest that implementation of rapid diagnostics in hospital care settings should be considered.
All-But-Many Lossy Trapdoor Functions under Decisional RSA Subgroup Assumption and Application
Authors: Cao Nanyuan , Cao Zhenfu , Liu Zhen , Dong Xiaolei , Zhao Xiaopeng 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Lossy trapdoor functions (LTDFs) were introduced by Peikert and Waters (STOC 2008) and have a number of applications in cryptography. All-but-many lossy trapdoor functions (ABM-LTDFs) are generalizations of LTDFs studied by Hofheinz (Eurocrypt 2012). Specially, using ABM-LTDFs to construct public key encryption (PKE) scheme with selective opening security has been proven feasible. Existing ABM-LTDFs were built on pairings, lattices and decisional composite residuosity (DCR) assumption. However, pairing-based ABM-LTDFs and DCR-based ABM-LTDFs rely on non-standard assumptions. In this paper, we construct an ABM-LTDF under the decisional RSA subgroup (DRSA) assumption, and we employ it to construct PKE scheme with selective opening security. We also propose a construction of DCR-based ABM-LTDF relying on standard assumption in Appendix.
Early- and long-term results of thoracic endovascular aortic repair for blunt traumatic thoracic aortic injury: a single-centre experience†
Authors: Kaneyuki Daisuke , Asakura Toshihisa , Iguchi Atsushi , Yoshitake Akihiro , Tokunaga Chiho , Tochii Masato , Nakajima Hiroyuki 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
Endovascular repair has been proposed as an alternative to classical surgical repair for the management of blunt traumatic thoracic aortic injury. However, the long-term outcomes of endovascular repair and the risks of left subclavian coverage remain unclear.

METHODS
From April 2001 to August 2018, 33 patients with blunt traumatic thoracic aortic injury underwent endovascular repair in our institution. A follow-up computed tomography and a clinical examination were performed before discharge and at 1 month, and yearly or every 2 years thereafter.

RESULTS
The mean age was 45 ± 19 years. The technical success rate was 100%. Complete coverage of the left subclavian artery (LSCA) was performed in 20 patients (60.6%). Among 20 patients with coverage of the LSCA, revascularization was performed in 1 patient. No in-hospital deaths occurred. The clinical follow-up rate was 97%, with a mean period of 7 years and a maximum of 18 years. The survival rates were 100% at 1 year, 95% at 5 years and 88.7% at 10 years after the event. Among the 5 patients (20%) who developed neurological complications, 1 who had undergone implantation of a 200-mm long stent graft and LSCA coverage without revascularization developed paraplegia during the long-term follow-up.

CONCLUSIONS
This study demonstrates that the endovascular treatment of blunt traumatic thoracic aortic injury is a safe and effective therapeutic method over a long-term follow-up period. LSCA coverage and long stent graft placement might be indications for revascularization to prevent spinal cord injury.
Mandibular alignment changes after full-fixed orthodontic treatment: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Swidi Ahmad J , Griffin Andreea E , Buschang Peter H 
Published: January 2019

SummaryBackgroundAlthough post-treatment mandibular alignment has been extensively investigated, the findings remain controversial.ObjectivesThe objective was to assess mandibular alignment changes, as measured by the irregularity index, of patients who underwent full-fixed orthodontic treatment and were followed up at least 1 year after retention.Search methodsMEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane library, in addition, the reference lists of included studies, were screened. The search was conducted up to April 2018.Selection criteriaThe study designs included both interventional and observational studies of orthodontic patients who received either extraction or non-extraction treatment.Data collection and analysisThe interventional studies were assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration’s risk of bias assessment tool. The quality of the observational studies was evaluated using National Institution of Health quality assessment tools. The first two authors independently applied the eligibility criteria, extracted the data, and assessed the risk of bias. Any conflicts were resolved with consensus discussion with the third author.ResultsThe search retrieved 11 326 articles, 170 of which were assessed for eligibility. There were 44 studies included in the qualitative assessments and 30 in the meta-analyses. The studies included 1 randomized control trial (RCT) and 43 observational studies. The RCT was judged to have a high risk of bias and all of the observational studies had either fair or poor quality. The meta-analysis was based on studies judged to be of fair quality, including a total of 1859 patients. All meta-analyses were performed using random-effect models. The standardized mean difference between post-treatment and post-retention irregularity was 1.22 (95% CI, 1.04–1.40) and 0.85 (95% CI, 0.63–1.07) after extraction and non-extraction treatments, respectively. There was a substantial heterogeneity for the extraction (I2 = 75.2%) and non-extraction (I2 = 70.1%) studies. The follow-up duration (1–10 versus 10–20 years) explained 33% of the heterogeneity, with longer follow-up studies showing more irregularity.LimitationsThe quality of evidence provided by the studies was low. There was a risk of publication bias, and the search was limited to English language.Conclusions and implicationsPost-treatment mandibular irregularity increases are limited. Irregularity increases are slightly greater in patients treated with mandibular premolars extractions, and in patients followed up over longer periods of time.RegistrationThe study protocol was not registered.
Enlarging habitable zones around binary stars in hostile environments
Authors: Wootton Bethany A , Parker Richard J 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT
Habitable zones are regions around stars where large bodies of liquid water can be sustained on a planet or satellite. As many stars form in binary systems with non-zero eccentricity, the habitable zones around the component stars of the binary can overlap and be enlarged when the two stars are at periastron (and less often when the stars are at apastron). We perform N-body simulations of the evolution of dense star-forming regions and show that binary systems where the component stars originally have distinct habitable zones can undergo interactions that push the stars closer together, causing the habitable zones to merge and become enlarged. Occasionally, overlapping habitable zones can occur if the component stars move further apart, but the binary becomes more eccentric. Enlargement of habitable zones happens to one to two binaries from an average initial total of 352 in each simulated star-forming region, and demonstrates that dense star-forming regions are not always hostile environments for planet formation and evolution.
New Phylogenomic Analysis of the Enigmatic Phylum Telonemia Further Resolves the Eukaryote Tree of Life
Authors: Strassert Jürgen F H , Jamy Mahwash , Mylnikov Alexander P , Tikhonenkov Denis V , Burki Fabien 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe resolution of the broad-scale tree of eukaryotes is constantly improving, but the evolutionary origin of several major groups remains unknown. Resolving the phylogenetic position of these “orphan” groups is important, especially those that originated early in evolution, because they represent missing evolutionary links between established groups. Telonemia is one such orphan taxon for which little is known. The group is composed of molecularly diverse biflagellated protists, often prevalent although not abundant in aquatic environments. Telonemia has been hypothesized to represent a deeply diverging eukaryotic phylum but no consensus exists as to where it is placed in the tree. Here, we established cultures and report the phylogenomic analyses of three new transcriptome data sets for divergent telonemid lineages. All our phylogenetic reconstructions, based on 248 genes and using site-heterogeneous mixture models, robustly resolve the evolutionary origin of Telonemia as sister to the Sar supergroup. This grouping remains well supported when as few as 60% of the genes are randomly subsampled, thus is not sensitive to the sets of genes used but requires a minimal alignment length to recover enough phylogenetic signal. Telonemia occupies a crucial position in the tree to examine the origin of Sar, one of the most lineage-rich eukaryote supergroups. We propose the moniker “TSAR” to accommodate this new mega-assemblage in the phylogeny of eukaryotes.