bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Redox‐Driven Transformation of a Discrete Molecular Cage into an Infinite 3D Coordination Polymer
Authors: Szalóki György , Krykun Serhii , Croué Vincent , Allain Magali , Morille Yohann , Aubriet Frédéric , Carré Vincent , Voitenko Zoia , Goeb Sébastien , Sallé Marc 
Published: June 2018

AbstractTwo M12L6 redox‐active self‐assembled cages constructed from an electron‐rich ligand based on the extended tetrathiafulvalene framework (exTTF) and metal complexes with a linear geometry (PdII and AgI) are depicted. Remarkably, based on a combination of specific structural and electronic features, the polycationic self‐assembled AgI coordination cage undergoes a supramolecular transformation upon oxidation into a three‐dimensional coordination polymer, that is characterized by X‐ray crystallography. This redox‐controlled change of the molecular organization results from the drastic conformational modifications accompanying oxidation of the exTTF moiety.
Lewis‐Base‐Induced Disproportionation of a Dialane
Authors: Hofmann Alexander , Lamprecht Anna , Jiménez‐Halla J. Oscar C. , Tröster Tobias , Dewhurst Rian D. , Lenczyk Carsten , Braunschweig Holger 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe reaction of a pentamethylcyclopentadienyl‐substituted dialane with a variety of Lewis bases results in unexpected disproportionation of the dialane into AlI and AlIII species. Use of a transition‐metal Lewis base allows for the formation of metal‐only Lewis pairs. Furthermore, the synthesis of a Lewis base bis‐adduct was successful with the Lewis base 4‐dimethylaminopyridine.
Bifunctional Brønsted Base Catalyzed Mannich Reaction of β‐Alkoxy α‐Keto Amides: Stereocontrolled Entry to Functionalized Amino Diols
Authors: Echave Haizea , Bastida Iñaki , López Rosa , Palomo Claudio 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe potential of β‐alkoxy α‐keto amides as pronucleophiles in the enantioselective Mannich type reaction with p‐nosyl imines is presented. The proper combination of β‐alkoxy α‐keto amides and a squaramide‐based Brønsted base catalyst produced highly enantioenriched Mannich adducts, which may be transformed into functionalized amino diols.
iSPAAC: Isomer‐Free Generation of a Bcl‐xL‐Inhibitor in Living Cells
Authors: Lis Christian , Rubner Stefan , Gröst Corinna , Hoffmann Ralf , Knappe Daniel , Berg Thorsten 
Published: June 2018

AbstractStrain‐promoted azide–alkyne cycloadditions (SPAAC) have proven extremely useful for labeling of biomolecules, but typically produce isomeric mixtures. This is not appropriate for the formation of bioactive molecules in living cells. Here, the first use of SPAAC for the isomer‐free synthesis of a bioactive molecule is reported both in vitro and inside cultured cells. We developed the symmetrical cyclooctyne SYPCO and used it for the generation of a chemically uniform triazole inhibitor of protein–protein interactions mediated by Bcl‐xL via isomer‐free SPAAC (iSPAAC). Tumor cells treated with the reactants of the iSPAAC reaction contained higher concentrations of triazole, and displayed higher apoptosis levels, than cells treated with pre‐synthesized triazole. We envision iSPAAC as a broadly applicable method for modulating intracellular targets with organic molecules with molecular weights prohibitively large for cellular uptake, via smaller and thus more cell‐permeable components.
A Discrete Self‐Assembled Pd12 Triangular Orthobicupola Cage and its Use for Intramolecular Cycloaddition
Authors: Bhat Imtiyaz Ahmad , Devaraj Anthonisamy , Zangrando Ennio , Mukherjee Partha Sarathi 
Published: June 2018

AbstractWater‐soluble Pd12L6 coordination cage TC‐1 was synthesized by coordination‐driven self‐assembly of symmetrical tetrapyridyl donor L with 90° ditopic acceptor cis‐[Pd(NO3)2(tmeda)] [tmeda=N,N,N′,N′‐tetramethylethane‐1,2‐diamine]. The Pd12L6 coordination assembly is an uncommon example of a coordination cage having triangular orthobicupola‐like geometry. It was characterized by multinuclear NMR spectroscopy, ESI‐MS, and single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. Self‐assembly of a tetratopic donor with a cis‐blocked 90° ditopic acceptor generally yields tri‐/tetra‐/hexagonal barrels or closed cubic cages. However, in the present case the donor and acceptor are arranged in an unusual fashion to generate an orthobicupola geometry in which two triangular cupola share a common irregular hexagonal face. The cage was used to perform intramolecular cycloaddition reactions of O‐propargylated benzylidinebarbituric acid derivatives in nitromethane. Several penta‐/tetracyclouracil derivatives were synthesized through cage‐catalyzed [4+2] cycloaddition reactions in a concerted manner with good to high conversion under mild reaction conditions, whereas in the absence of cage TC‐1 similar reactions led to lower conversion to the cyclized products in organic solvent. This approach is of particular importance compared to the literature reports on the synthesis of similar compounds under high‐temperature reflux conditions with high catalyst loading.
Extraction of wax‐like materials from cereals
Authors: Pham Thi‐Can‐Tho , Angers Paul , Ratti Cristina 
Published: June 2018

AbstractIn this study, a comparison of the wax extraction process from rice, sorghum, and wheat using liquid nitrogen was done with respect to the traditional solvent extraction method using n‐hexane. For this purpose, these cereals were immersed in liquid nitrogen (1–4 cycles with different time intervals and different rest times between cycles). The results showed that waxes could be extracted by liquid nitrogen, but with a lower yield. When compared to the n‐hexane extraction method, the extracted amounts of waxes with liquid nitrogen were 5, 7.5, and 9.3 times lower, but the extraction times were 2.3, 5.5, and 11.25 times shorter for wheat, rice, and sorghum, respectively. No residue was left in wax‐like materials extracted with liquid nitrogen. While SEM depicted that the outer layer of waxes on the grains could be extracted by liquid nitrogen, GC‐MS and GC‐FID showed that the extracted waxes had similar compositions in both cycle extraction methods. These results could point out a novel environmentally‐friendly method to extract waxes from cereals that could be useful for certain applications.
Design of field‐scale cyclic solvent injection processes for post‐CHOPS applications
Authors: Martinez Gamboa Juan J. , Leung Juliana Y. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractOil recovery factors in cold heavy oil production with sand (CHOPS) are typically lower than 15 %. Solvent‐aided processes, such as cyclic solvent injection (CSI) are common post‐CHOPS approaches, where wormhole networks could offer increased reservoir contact. However, grid block sizes in field‐scale simulations are much larger than the wormhole scale and large‐scale dispersivity values are assigned arbitrarily based on history matching. This work implements a statistical scale‐up workflow that facilitates the construction of coarse‐scale models for CSI simulation, whose relevant parameters are calibrated against simulation results using high‐resolution wormhole networks. The formulated workflow can be integrated with commercial reservoir simulators to effectively simulate solvent processes at multiple scales.Multiple injection scenarios are analyzed. Extended soaking periods may positively impact the ultimate recovery with a slower decline at later times, while a lower initial rate is observed. Interestingly, when an economic limit is imposed, the optimal soaking time is not necessarily the longest one. It depends on the trade‐off between extracting additional oil recovery at late times versus producing at a higher rate at early times. The analysis also reveals that the initial cycles contribute the most to the final recovery. In addition, when the amount of solvent available is limited, the results would support the strategy of injecting all the solvent in 1 single cycle, with an extended soaking period, rather than performing shorter consecutive cycles.
Asymmetric Synthesis of the Ring A Substructure of Genkwadane A
Authors: Feng Jing , Yin Hongli , Man Yi , Fu Shaomin , Liu Bo 
Published: June 2018

AbstractA practical approach to the asymmetric synthesis of the ring A substructure of genkwadane A, a daphnane diterpenoid, was developed. This synthesis features the Mukaiyama aldol reaction to introduce the quaternary stereogenic center at C4 and VO(acac)2‐catalyzed Jackson‐Ellman‐Bolm sulfoxidation to deliver the corresponding sulfoxide. The Dieckmann‐type condensation was efficiently promoted by KHMDS and the ring A substructure was finally accomplished through Barton iodination condition.
Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics, and Safety of Subcutaneous Bapineuzumab: A Single‐Ascending‐Dose Study in Patients With Mild to Moderate Alzheimer Disease
Authors: Lu Ming , Brashear H. Robert 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThis study was designed to evaluate the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of single ascending subcutaneous doses of bapineuzumab in patients with mild to moderate Alzheimer disease. Forty patients were randomized across 5 cohorts (5 mg, 10 mg, 20 mg, 40 mg, 80 mg; 8 patients each [bapineuzumab 6; placebo 2]). The incidence of treatment‐emergent adverse events (TEAEs) was higher in pooled bapineuzumab cohorts (83%) than in the pooled placebo group (27.7%). Most common TEAEs in the bapineuzumab group were gastrointestinal disorders and musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders (bapineuzumab 17% each; placebo 0%). Serious TEAEs were observed in 7% of bapineuzumab‐treated patients without any deaths or adverse event–related discontinuation. The median times to reach peak measurable concentration (Cmax) of bapineuzumab were 14 days for 5‐, 10‐, and 20‐mg cohorts, 11 days for 40‐mg, and 7 days for 80‐mg cohorts. The apparent volume of distribution of bapineuzumab was 134.29 to 204.68 mL/kg. The total body clearance was consistent at 10 to 80 mg. The average terminal half‐life ranged from 26 to 46 days (5‐ to 80‐mg groups). Exposure to bapineuzumab increased dose‐proportionally from 10 to 80 mg. There was a positive correlation between Cmax and area under the concentration‐time curve to the last measurable concentration (AUClast) of plasma amyloid‐β, and between the Cmax and AUClast of serum bapineuzumab.
Role of Heteroatoms in S,N‐Codoped Nanoporous Carbon Materials in CO2 (Photo)electrochemical Reduction
Authors: Li Wanlu , Bandosz Teresa J. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThiourea‐modified wood‐based activated carbon materials were evaluated as catalysts for the CO2 electrochemical reduction reaction (CO2ERR). The materials obtained at 950 °C showed long‐term stability. The results indicated that thiophenic sulfur provides the catalytic activity for CO formation. However, it was not as active for CH4 formation as was pyridinic N. Tafel plots suggested that the nanoporous structure enhanced the kinetics for CO2 reduction. The electric conductivity limited the activity for CO2ERR in the materials modified at 600, 800, and 900 °C. The effect of visible light on CO2ERR was also investigated in this study. Upon irradiation, photocurrent was generated, and the current density increased during the CO2 reduction process. Combined with a band‐gap alignment, the results indicate that thiophenic S in the carbon matrix contributed to the sample's photoactivity in visible light. These species enhance the overall reduction process, promoting both the hydrogen evolution reaction and CO2 reduction to CO.
Habitat specialist birds disperse farther and are more migratory than habitat generalist birds
Authors: Martin Amanda E. , Fahrig Lenore 
Published: June 2018

AbstractSome theories predict habitat specialists should be less dispersive and migratory than generalists, while other theories predict the opposite. We evaluated the cross‐species relationship between the degree of habitat specialization and dispersal and migration status in 101 bird species breeding in North America and the United Kingdom, using empirical estimates of the degree of habitat specialization from breeding bird surveys and mean dispersal distance estimates from large‐scale mark–recapture studies. We found that habitat specialists dispersed farther than habitat generalists, and full migrants had more specialized habitat than partial migrants or resident species. To our knowledge this is the first large‐scale, multi‐species study to demonstrate a positive relationship between the degree of habitat specialization and dispersal, and it is opposite to the pattern found for invertebrates. This finding is particularly interesting because it suggests that trade‐offs between the degree of habitat specialization and dispersal ability are not conserved across taxonomic groups. This cautions against extrapolation of trait co‐occurrence from one species group to another. In particular, it suggests that efforts aimed at conserving the most habitat‐specialist temperate‐breeding birds will not lead to conservation of the most dispersal‐limited species.
Latest trends in technologies for sound operation of wind turbines against lightning
Authors: Yamamoto Kazuo , Honjo Nobuyuki 
Published: June 2018

AbstractTo decrease lightning damages to wind turbines and maintain public safety around the wind turbines, it is very important to improve wind‐turbine performance related to lightning protection and minimize damage to the wind turbine. In this paper, we summarize the latest trends in technologies for sound operation of wind turbines against lightning.
Design of force control system using tendon‐driven mechanism including linear springs and ultrasonic motor
Authors: Yonemoto Daiki , Yashiro Daisuke , Yubai Kazuhiro , Komada Satoshi 
Published: June 2018

AbstractActuators that have characteristics such as light weight, high thrust to weight ratio, and force controllability are desirable for applications such as finger robots and power assist suits. Recently, an indirect force control method using an ultrasonic motor (USM) and a spring has been attracting considerable attention because this method has the potential to satisfy all of the desirable characteristics, namely light weight, high thrust to weight ratio, and force controllability. The USM controls the length of the spring, and the tensional force of the spring is indirectly controlled by the length. As the resonance frequencies of indirect force control systems are low due to the springs, it is difficult to select a high feedback gain. This research therefore proposes a novel resonance ratio controller for indirect force control systems. The validity of the controller is verified by simulation and experiment. The overshoot ratio of the conventional controller is more than 10%, while that of the proposed controller is around 1%, when the rise time is 0.30 s.
Sex, drugs, and heart failure: a sex‐sensitive review of the evidence base behind current heart failure clinical guidelines
Authors: Levinsson Anna , Dubé Marie‐Pierre , Tardif Jean‐Claude , de Denus Simon 
Published: June 2018

AbstractHeart failure (HF) is a complex disease, almost as common in women as in men. Nonetheless, HF clinical presentation, prognosis, and aetiology vary by sex. This review summarizes the current state of sex‐sensitive issues related to HF drugs included in treatment guidelines and suggests future directions for improved care. Heart failure presentation differs between female and male patients: females more often show with hypertensive aetiology and the preserved ejection fraction phenotype, while men more often show ischaemic aetiology and the reduced ejection fraction phenotype. Yet the HF clinical guidelines in Europe, the United States, and Canada do not reflect the sexual dimorphism. Further, in randomized clinical trials of HF medication, women are largely underrepresented, typically consisting of ≥70% men. Given the knowledge that some adverse drug reactions, such as torsade de pointes and angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitor‐induced cough, occur more frequently in women, we emphasize the need to test medications thoroughly in both sexes and explore sexual dimorphisms. To better represent all of the targeted patient population and provide better care for all, two kinds of change must come about: recruitment methods to randomized clinical trial samples need to evolve and the participation needs to seem more attractive to women.
Features of atrial fibrillation in wild‐type transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis: a systematic review and clinical experience
Authors: Mints Yuliya Y. , Doros Gheorghe , Berk John L. , Connors Lawreen H. , Ruberg Frederick L. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractAimsWild‐type transthyretin (ATTRwt) cardiac amyloidosis has emerged as an important cause of heart failure in the elderly. Atrial fibrillation (AF) commonly affects older adults with heart failure and is associated with reduced survival, but its role in ATTRwt is unclear. We sought to explore the clinical impact of AF in ATTRwt.Methods and resultsPatients with biopsy‐proven ATTRwt cardiac amyloidosis (n = 146) were retrospectively identified, and clinical, echocardiographic, and biochemical data were collected. Patients were classified as AF or non‐AF and followed for survival for a median of 41.4 ± 27.1 months. Means testing, univariable, and multivariable regression models were employed. A systematic review was performed. AF was observed in 70% (n = 102). Mean age was similar (AF, 75 ± 6 vs. non‐AF, 74 ± 5 years, P = 0.22). Anticoagulant treatment of patients with AF was as follows: 78% warfarin, 17% novel anticoagulant, and 6% no anticoagulation. Amiodarone was prescribed to 24%. There were no differences in left ventricular ejection fraction (P = 0.09) or left atrial volume (P = 0.87); however, mean diastolic dysfunction grade was higher in AF (mean 2.7 ± 0.5 vs. 2.4 ± 0.5, P = 0.01). While creatinine (P = 0.52) and B‐type natriuretic peptide (P = 0.48) were similar, patients with AF had lower serum transthyretin concentrations (221 ± 51 vs. 250 ± 52 μg/mL, P < 0.01). Survival between groups was similar (P = 0.46).ConclusionsThese data provide an evidence basis for clinical management and demonstrate that AF in ATTRwt does not negatively impact survival. Further analysis of the relationship between transthyretin concentration and AF development is warranted.
Optimal pricing strategy for resource allocation in 5G heterogeneous cellular networks
Authors: Chen Xinyi , Chen Yapeng , Liao Wenlin , Zhou Zhenyu , Gu Bo , Wang Xiaoyan 
Published: June 2018

AbstractHeterogeneous networks provide an effective solution to bridge the gap between enormous global traffic demands and limited spectrum resources. In this paper, we investigate the resource allocation problem in fifth‐generation heterogeneous cellular networks from an economic perspective. We consider the open access scenario where any cellular user equipment is allowed to access either the high‐power node or the low‐power node based on its individual payoff. The resource allocation problem is formulated as a pricing problem, which aims at maximizing the total revenue of the service providers under the user admission constraint. Then, the optimal pricing strategies for both the high‐power node and the low‐power node are developed based on the decisions of cellular user equipments. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed pricing algorithm can achieve the maximum revenue for service providers under various scenarios.
Predictive spectrum occupancy probability‐based spatio‐temporal dynamic channel allocation map for future cognitive wireless networks
Authors: Agarwal Anirudh , Gangopadhyay Ranjan 
Published: June 2018

AbstractFor a cognitive radio (CR) user to dynamically access the available primary user channels, the spectrum sensing data is required at various locations; however, the data is not generally available at the points present in between the two spectrum sensors. To obtain this data, it is also not feasible to conduct the spectrum measurement surveys at every location. This calls for an interpolation‐based spectrum occupancy data collection in the space. Moreover, the information about the future primary user activity is necessary for highly enhanced dynamic channel allocation with better quality of experience (QoE) of CR users in terms of improved channel utilization and reduced spectrum sensing energy requirement. Most of the existing works are inclined toward either spatial spectrum interpolation or temporal spectrum prediction. In this work, a novel hybridized approach combining the Kriging‐based statistical spatial interpolation and the recurrent neural networks–based temporal prediction of the spectrum has been proposed to obtain the spectrum occupancy probability information using empirical spectrum measurements data in cellular CR networks. Furthermore, the aforementioned framework has been utilized for dynamic channel allocation with the help of a newly investigated CR channel allocation scheme. The corresponding results have been validated through various CR QoE measures and compared with the existing channel allocation strategies, where it is found that the proposed channel allocation scheme significantly outperforms the other schemes with the enhanced QoE of CR. Finally, a spatio‐temporal channel allocation map has been presented for secondary user to perform its best possible CR operation with efficient dynamic spectrum access.
Scheduling and power adaptation for wireless local area networks with full‐duplex capability
Authors: Abdelaal Rana A. , Eltawil Ahmed M. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractIn‐band full‐duplex communication has a great potential to enhance wireless local area networks, where full‐duplex access points can support simultaneous uplink (UL) and downlink (DL) flows over the same frequency channel. This work presents a scheduling and power adaptation technique to manage interference in wireless local area networks with full‐duplex capability. The proposed system focuses primarily on scheduling UL and DL clients that can be efficiently served simultaneously. First, we develop a DL client scheduling algorithm that allows for sum throughput gains with the existence of a UL client. Second, we manage the interference resulting from the UL flow via adjusting the UL transmit power to maximize rate for DL clients that are served in a multiuser multiple‐input–multiple‐output fashion.
Online Total Harmonic Distortion Analysis for Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Stack Monitoring in System Applications
Authors: Malafronte L. , Morel B. , Pohjoranta A. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe applicability of online total harmonic distortion analysis (THDA) for the operation and monitoring of solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) power systems is investigated by experiments as well as analysis of the algorithm, with a focus on the relationship between stack fuel utilization rate and the corresponding THD index. An online THDA algorithm is implemented in a programmable logic controller (PLC) and operated with a 6 kW SOFC power system demonstration unit. Laboratory experiments on the solid oxide fuel cell technology are carried out to determine key parameters for the algorithm. The embedded implementation of the THDA algorithm, including several modifications to reduce its computational load, and its parameterization is analyzed and the program code is given in the Appendix. The experimental results verify that THDA can be a reliable means for quantitatively monitoring the fuel utilization rate experienced by the stack and that the algorithm is simple to implement on an embedded controller.