bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Does Disclosure Regulation Affect Mutual Fund Families’ Proxy Voting?
Authors: Kim Eunjee 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT
Nonactivist investors that own more than 5 percent of a firm must report their holdings by filing a 13G in which they must commit to not influencing control of the firm. Mutual fund families are the most common investors filing 13Gs. I study whether the 13G requirement affects mutual fund families’ voting in proxy contests. I find mutual fund families that file the form are less likely to vote for activist proposals than are those that do not, suggesting that the requirement discourages mutual fund families from supporting activists who seek to influence control of the firm. The effects strengthen when vote outcomes directly affect the firm’s control and when activists pose a higher threat to the firm. I further document that the aggregate voting power of 13G-filing mutual fund families correlates with management winning contested votes and retaining board seats during proxy contests.
Data Availability: Data are available from the public sources cited in the text.
JEL Classifications: G34; G23; G38; K22; L51; M12.
Diabetes Body Project: Acute Effects of an Eating Disorder Prevention Program for Young Women With Type 1 Diabetes. A Multinational Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Hennekes Mareille H.C.L. , Haugvik Severina , de Wit Maartje , Toschi Elena , Desjardins Christopher D. , Skrivarhaug Torild , Dahl-Jørgensen Knut , Stice Eric , Wisting Line 
Published: December 2024

OBJECTIVE
Young women with type 1 diabetes are at risk to develop eating disorders (ED). We evaluated a novel ED prevention program in a multinational randomized controlled trial.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Women (14–35 years old) with type 1 diabetes were randomized to virtual Diabetes Body Project groups or educational control. Outcomes were assessed at pretest and posttest (1–2 weeks after intervention).

RESULTS
Compared with educational controls (n = 146), participants in the Diabetes Body Project (n = 147) showed significant improvements (all P &lt; 0.05), with small Cohen’s d effect sizes for ED symptoms (d = −0.30, 95% CI −0.06, −0.69) (primary outcome), diabetes distress (d = −0.42), quality of life (d = 0.39) and dietary restraint (d = −0.31), and medium effect sizes for diabetes-specific disordered eating behaviors (d = −0.70), body dissatisfaction (d = −0.59), and pursuit of thin appearance ideal (d = −0.56).

CONCLUSIONS
The Diabetes Body Project produced significantly larger acute effects with small to medium effect sizes compared with educational controls and has potential for broad implementation.
COMMUNICATION STRATEGIES OF POLITICAL PARTIES IN INCREASING ELECTABILITY IN DENPASAR
Authors: Pratiwi Nuning Indah , Murdika I Ketut Gede Gunawan 
Published: December 2024

A political communication plan is a comprehensive selection of the actions that will be taken now to further future political objectives. In political communication, you must know the forms: a. political rhetoric, political parties to invite and influence voters to vote for political parties through campaigning. b. Political agitation is used to invite people to vote for and support one of the political parties. c. political propaganda is a campaign that invites and guides the public or voters in accepting a view or value. d. political lobbying, negotiating political parties, and bargaining between parties and the government. e. political action political action in shaping the image or image of a political party. In addition, there are stages of communication strategies: observing problems, planning and making programs, taking communication actions, and evaluating work programs. According to Schorder's theory, political strategy is divided into two parts; offensive strategy (attack) and defensive strategy (defensive). This study employed a descriptive qualitative methodology, and the techniques for gathering data included interviews, document studies, and observation. With the study's results, the communication strategy of political parties in increasing electability has been implemented, but the public response says that political parties only brand candidates from political parties.
Keywords: Communication Strategy, political communication, Political Parties
Perceptions of Biosimilars Among Healthcare Providers in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alqahtani Mohammed , Al-jedai Ahmed , Wertheimer Albert 
Published: December 2024

Biosimilars are safe and effective treatments for chronic diseases such as cancer and rheumatoid arthritis. The Saudi Food and Drug Authority (SFDA) manages the quality and registration of biosimilars in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. However, disparities among regulatory authorities, such as the absence of guidelines for biosimilars for rheumatologists, impact healthcare providers' perceptions, leading to hesitation in switching from reference products to biosimilars. The study aimed to predict Saudi healthcare professionals’ intentions toward biosimilars. Methods: A convenience sample of 87 participants (75 pharmacists and 12 physicians) was analyzed. The data were collected between December 2022 and February 2023. A logistic regression model was used to predict the intention toward biosimilars. Result: Years of practice among physicians significantly influenced their intention to prescribe biosimilars. Positive correlations were also observed between intentions towards prescription and beliefs regarding the safety and efficacy of biosimilars. Pharmacists' authority and knowledge of biosimilars correlated with their intention to substitute or dispense them. However, the logistic regression analysis indicated that behavioral, normative, and control beliefs were not significant predictors of the intention to prescribe or substitute biosimilars in either group. Conclusion: Highlighting the significance of continuing education and coordinating efforts in the international harmonization of biosimilar guidelines, as well as education for healthcare professionals, is required for addressing clinical concerns and enhancing confidence in biosimilars.
Same Same but Different: Why Both Sport-Specific Cutting Tasks and Generic Change-of-Direction Tasks Might Need to Be Considered to Prevent ACL Injury
Authors: Bill Kevin , Bartsch Julia , Willwacher Steffen , Eriksrud Ola , Mausehund Lasse , Kersting Uwe , Krosshaug Tron , Mai Patrick 
Published: December 2024

OBJECTIVES: To compare knee abduction moment (KAM) magnitudes between a generic 180° pivot turn (modified 505 change-of-direction test [m505]) and a handball-specific sidestep cut, to assess ranking consistency, and to examine the resultant ground reaction force (GRF) and its frontal plane moment arm to the knee to comprehend their contributions to KAM. STUDY DESIGN: Observational laboratory study. METHODS: High-level female handball players (n = 45) performed the m505 and the handball-specific sidestep cut. The resultant GRF and its frontal plane moment arm to the knee as well as KAM were obtained and subsequently compared between tasks. Rank correlation coefficients were employed to assess if the variables of both tasks were related. RESULTS: Peak KAM was similar for the m505 and the sidestep cut (median [range], 1.79 [0.95-3.53] Nm/kg vs 1.64 [0.34-3.60] Nm/kg; rb = .25; P = .14). The ranking of the players’ peak KAM differed substantially ( rs = .26; P = .084), suggesting that different tasks could classify the same player with different injury risk. The m505 generated lower resultant GRFs (24 ± 4 N/kg, 95% CI [23, 24] vs 33 ± 9 N/kg, 95% CI [31, 35]; d = 1.30; P<.001) but longer frontal plane moment arms (7.8 ± 1.8 cm, 95% CI [7.3, 8.4] vs 5.4 ± 1.5 cm, 95% CI [5.0, 5.8]; d = 1.36; P<.001) compared to those generated by the sidestep cut. CONCLUSION: A difference in individual anterior cruciate ligament injury risk assessment depending on movement type was revealed. While KAM magnitudes were similar across direction-change tasks, player rankings differed. The contributions of resultant GRF and frontal plane moment arms to peak KAM varied between tasks, underscoring the importance of task-specific and individualized injury prevention. JOSPT Open 2025;3(2):1-9. Epub 4 December 2024. doi:10.2519/josptopen.2024.0076
Artificial Intelligence Integration: Error Self-Reflection in Solving Integral Problems
Authors: Uripno Gusti , Suprihatiningsih Siti , Rangkuti Rizki Kurniawan 
Published: December 2024

Integrity has had plenty of impact on human civilization development, especially in the development of human technology. The primary role of an integral is not well supported by students’ skill in solving integral problems. Due to this fact, mathematics educators need solutions. Artificial Intelligence (AI) integration is one of the solutions that mathematics educators can choose. This qualitative descriptive research aims to explore students' mistakes in solving integral problems with the help of Photomath. This research will describe student mistakes and explain how students realize mistakes during rework assisted by Photomath. This research involved ten mathematics students who joined an integral course at a university in Indonesia. The errors were analyzed based on Newman error analysis. Errors found based on research results include (1) Comprehension and transformation, (2) Process skills, and (3) Encoding. This research found that comprehension errors have implications for transformation. Students who make comprehension errors will cause transformation errors. Meanwhile, the subject's errors in the previous stage affect the encoding stage. Apart from the errors already mentioned, errors were also found due to carelessness, which was not a significant part of Newman's error analysis.
Acute oral and dermal toxicity parameters of a drug based on D-cyphenothrin, pyriproxyfen and piperonyl butoxide in laboratory animals
Authors: Arisov M. V. , Indyuhova E. N. , Arisova G. B. , Poselov D. S. , Stepanov A. A. , Poselova E. V. 
Published: December 2024

The purpose of the research is to study acute oral and dermal toxicity parameters of a drug based on D-cyphenothrin, pyriproxyfen and piperonyl butoxide in laboratory animals.Materials and methods. The study insectoacaricidal drug contains D-cyphenothrin, pyriproxyfen, piperonyl butoxide, hydrogenated castor oil and isopropyl alcohol. The acute toxicity parameters of the drug in 5% solution formulation were studied on 50 white outbred male mice when administered intragastrically, and on 42 outbred male rats when administered orally and on skin. The acute toxicity parameters were calculated using the Litchfield and Wilcoxon method as modified by Z. Rotha, and the drug exposure value on the body was evaluated as per the established classification (GOST 12.1.007). Results and discussion. The following toxicological characteristics were obtained: LD50 of the study drug administered orally to the white mice was 2,656 (2,207.8÷3,187.2) mg/kg, and the white rats, 5,063 (4482÷5818.3) mg/kg. The maximum tolerated dose of the drug was 830 mg/kg for the mice, and 2,075 mg/kg for the rats. Based on the obtained LD50 values, the three-component insectoacaricide can be classified as hazard category 3 (moderately hazardous substances) in experiments on mice, and hazard category 4 (marginally hazardous substances) on rats pursuant to the established hygienic classification. At the same time, different species sensitivity to the drug can be observed in mice and rats. LD50 was more than 30,710 mg/kg in the study of dermal toxicity on the white rats, therefore the drug can be classified as hazard category 4.
КІНЕМАТИЧНЕ ПРОЕКТУВАННЯ ЯК ЗАСІБ УТОЧНЕННЯ КООРДИНАТ ЛІТАЛЬНИХ АПАРАТІВ
Authors: АФТАНАЗІВ ІВАН , ШЕВЧУК ЛІЛІЯ , СТРОГАН ОРИСЯ , КОРЕНДІЙ ВІТАЛІЙ , СТРУТИНСЬКА ЛЕСЯ 
Published: December 2024

In the article, it is proposed to use the mathematical apparatus of kinematic design in the processes of specifying the coordinates of aircraft. The proposed scheme of the spatial arrangement of a group of unmanned kamikaze drones, aimed at detecting and eliminating enemy reconnaissance and attack unmanned aerial vehicles. Mathematical dependencies are proposed for the first time, which allow a drone operator equipped with artificial intelligence programs (the conditional leader of a group of interceptor drones) to alternately direct the liquidator drones located closest to them in the airspace to eliminate enemy drones.
The schematic diagram of the use of kinematic design for the elimination of enemy unmanned aerial vehicles demonstrates the mechanism for optimizing the sequence of attacks by liquidator drones on enemy objects. The sequence of actions and calculations and comparative analysis is illustrated on the proposed typical block diagram of the involvement of artificial intelligence and kinematic design mechanisms for the elimination of enemy subversive unmanned aerial vehicles.
The possibilities and advantages of the proposed method of determining the coordinates of enemy aircraft are illustrated on the example of a group (so-called "swarm") of liquidator drones, led by a drone-operator, with specific numerical values ​​of the parameters of their spatial movements and variable coordinates. The main of these advantages is a higher percentage of the probability and accuracy of determining the coordinates of enemy aircraft, and therefore, their possible elimination.
The presence of musculoskeletal disorders among amateur	bowlers
Authors: Ratzon N.Z. , Mizrachi N. 
Published: December 2024

Background: With increasing numbers of adults taking part in amateur athletic activity during leisure hours there have been indications that amateur athletic activity may have negative effects on musculoskeletal disease. A literature review focusing on musculoskeletal injuries among bowlers provided only limited references. Study objectives: Studying the characteristic of bowlers complaining of musculoskeletal disorders in general and of upper extremity cumulative trauma disorders specifically, and locating the factors that statistically predict musculoskeletal disorders among Israeli bowlers. Methods: The research population includes 98 amateur bowlers who attended two bowling clubs (cluster sampling). Musculoskeletal disorders of the research population were assessed by subjective report using the Standardized Nordic Questionnaires. Further use was made of questionnaires concerning bio-demographic data, work assessment, and the characteristics of the bowling game. Results: Sixty two percent of bowlers reported the presence of musculoskeletal symptoms in one or more of their body joints during the preceding year. Regression analysis with the number of painful joints in the upper extremities as a dependent variable revealed one main predictor: the number of leagues in which the bowler participated (β = 0.22, p < 0.03). When the dependent variable was the number of painful joints in the entire body, the statistical predictor was the average achievement of the bowlers (β = 0.40, p < 0.001). Conclusions: Research findings shed light on the unique musculoskeletal disorders of bowlers. Bowlers should be instructed with regard to what are the safe limits of their leisure activities.
Job demands and health complaints in white and blue collar	workers
Authors: Schreuder K.J. , Roelen C.A.M. , Koopmans P.C. , Groothoff J.W. 
Published: December 2024

Background: General health in the working population is thought to depend on working conditions. Objective: This survey studied job demands and health complaints in working white and blue collar employees. We expect physical and psychological job demands to be differentially distributed among white and blue collar workers. Do they report health complaints consistent with their working conditions? Method: Cross-sectional study of 323 white and 383 blue collar workers. They completed the Basic Occupational Health Questionnaire, a valid and reliable self-report questionnaire about health, work and working conditions. The results were analysed using Chi-square and logistic regression analysis, controlling for educational level as a proxy of socioeconomic status. Results: The questionnaires of 280 white and 251 blue collar workers were suitable for analysis. White collar workers reported higher psychological job demands, and blue collar workers reported higher physical demands. In both occupational groups, low back pain, fatigue and upper respiratory complaints were most common. The rates of low back pain and pain in the lower extremity were higher in blue collar workers, as were regular headaches, pain in the cardiac region and feeling sleepy. However, these relationships substantially weakened when the educational level was adjusted for. Conclusions: Despite the differential distribution of job demands, white and blue collar workers reported similar health complaints. Health in the working population depended predominantly on socioeconomic status. Interventions to improve general health of employees should be directed at their socioeconomic position instead of working conditions.
Predictors of employment for young adults with developmental motor	disabilities
Authors: Magill-Evans Joyce , Galambos Nancy , Darrah Johanna , Nickerson Christy 
Published: December 2024

Objective: To identify the personal, family, and community factors that facilitate or hinder employment for young adults with developmental motor disabilities. Methods: Quantitative methods with an embedded qualitative component were used. Seventy-six persons between the ages of 20 and 30 years of age (Mean = 25, SD = 3.1) with a diagnosis of either cerebral palsy or spina bifida completed questionnaires addressing factors such as depression, and participated in a semi-structured interview that allowed participants to describe their experiences with education, employment, transportation, and other services. Results: Almost half of the participants (n = 35) were not currently employed. Hierarchical regression analyses indicated that gender (females were less likely to be employed), IQ (lower IQ associated with unemployment), and transportation dependence accounted for 42% of the variance in employment. Themes emerging from content analysis of the interviews supported the findings related to transportation barriers. Social reactions to disability limited employment opportunities, and participants often felt stuck in terms of employment options with limited opportunities for advancement. Conclusions: Transportation is a significant barrier to employment and innovative solutions are needed. Issues related to gender need to be considered when addressing employment inequities for persons with primarily motor disabilities.
Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) for Implementation of National Credit Framework (NCrF) in Higher Education
Authors: Dr. H. M. Naveen  
Published: December 2024

The Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) notified by the UGC for operationalising the NCrF marks a significant step towards our shared vision of a lifelong education system that empowers learners with relevant skills and knowledge. The NCrF enables creditisation of all forms of learning from the school level onwards and ensures mobility between vocational education, training and skilling to general education and vice versa. Realizing the need for SOP to implement the NCrF a High-Level Committee (HLC) was constituted by the Ministry of Education with the help of three sub-committees to draft the SOPs for school education, higher education, and vocational education, training and skilling. These SOP will provide a clear guidelines to facilitate the assignment, accumulation, storage, transfer, and redemption of credits across school, higher, and vocational education and training. Equivalence and recognition of learning across different educational levels are essential for clear mobility. SOPs will address this more effectively with the help of the NHEQF, NSQF and NCF. This will create opportunities for learners for seamless lateral entry and credit transfer, promotion flexibility and optimizing learning pathways for students at all levels of education. This article introduces the learners and teachers at the higher at the higher educational level to know about the multiple entry and exit, recognition of prior learning, and work embedded programmes that offer opportunities for learners to develop essential skills. The SOPs at the higher educational level shall empower institutions to become hubs for skill development and offer diverse learning pathways for learners. All the higher educational institutions in the Country shall implement and practice these SOPs for implementation of NCrF in higher educational institutions to transform them into knowledge-driven, skill-centric, and future-ready educational centres.
Image Cryptography Based on Chebyshev Polynomials and Transposition- Substitution Transformations
Authors: Donia Fadil Chalob  , Russul Hussein Hasan  , Zainab Mohammed Essa  
Published: December 2024

The confirming of security and confidentiality of multimedia data is a serious challenge through the growing dependence on digital communication. This paper offers a new image cryptography based on the Chebyshev chaos polynomials map, via employing the randomness characteristic of chaos concept to improve security. The suggested method includes block shuffling, dynamic offset chaos key production, inter-layer XOR, and block 90 degree rotations to disorder the correlations intrinsic in image. The method is aimed for efficiency and scalability, accomplishing complexity order for n-pixels over specific cipher rounds. The experiment outcomes depict great resistant to cryptanalysis attacks, containing statistical, differential and brute-force attacks, due to its big key space size and sensitivity to initial values. This algorithm be responsible for a forceful and flexible solution for acquiring secure images, appropriate for high resolution data and real time applications.
Effect of saline concentrations and humidity percentage on alfalfa va-rieties (Medicago sativa L.) from the Mexicali Valley, Mexico.
Authors: Caballero-Julián S. , López-Baltazar J. , Flores-Garivay R. , Bermúdez-Guzmán Manuel J. , Michel-López Claudia Y. 
Published: December 2024

Objective: The aim of this experiment was to identify alfalfa varieties resistant to salt and drought stress in Mexicali Valley Mexico.
Design/methodology/approach: Four alfalfa (M. sativa L.) varieties were used: Cuf-101 C, FD9, Pioneer and Cuf-101 P. Drought stress resistance was evaluated using four different percentages of commercial peat moss substrate (100%, 50%, 25%, and 15%), and saline stress resistance was evaluated by applying four concentrations of NaCl (0 mM, 50 mM, 100 mM, and 200 Mm.The variables evaluated in each treatment were: plant height, number of leaves and root length. The data obtained were subjected to an analysis of variance using the SAS statistical package version 9.0 with an α=0.5.
Results: Alfalfa variety Cuf-101 had a good adaptation to both stresses with an average height of 11.28 cm and an average number of leaves of 3.54. Seed germination of alfalfa varieties (M. sativa L.) subjected to salt stress were affected even at the lowest NaCl concentration.
Conclusions: The alfalfa variety with the highest germination percentage in all NaCl concentrations was Cuf-101 C with 91.17%.