bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PO-083 Tracking Research of Body Function Monitoring on Mountain Cyclists during Plain-Plateau-Lower Plateau Training
Authors: Guo Ziyuan 
Published: October 2018

Objective To explore the functional changes of mountain bike athletes in the course of continuous training of six weeks plain, plateau and lower plateau, and to provide reference basis for coaches to choose plateau training, arrange plateau training and downhill time in a targeted way.
Methods The continuous tracking and monitoring of the 6 weeks plain, 6 weeks plateau and 6 weeks lower plateau training of the 8 Anhui mountain cycling team athletes were carried out, and some functional indicators(WBC, RBC, HCT, HB, BUN, CK, T, C, etc.) were analyzed.
Results (1) Six weeks of plain training, serum BUN, CK showed a significant increase in the 5th and 6th weeks(P<0.01), serum T reached the lowest level in the 3rd week(P<0.05), and reached a higher value in the 5th and 6th weeks. (2) Six weeks of plateau training, HB and HCT have been maintained at a high value, BUN has an upward trend, CK and C have a downward trend, and T has a gradual upward trend, with no significant differences(P>0.05). (3) Six weeks of training in the lower plateau, HB and HCT began to show a gradual downward trend from the first week, starting from the fourth week, BUN has a downward trend, CK has increased significantly, serum T has decreased, and the fourth week reaches The lowest value, the fifth week began to rebound.
Conclusions (1)Plain training can gradually improve the athlete's ability to adapt to the training load and the level of function; (2)Plain training is easier to increase load strength than plateau training, and plateau training is easier to increase load than plain training. (3)Plain training and plateau training can all improve the athletes 'HB, HCT, and T levels, but plateau training is more advanced than plain training; (4)HB, HCT, and T can be maintained at a higher level within 1 week of the Lower Plateau. From the second week, HB, HCT, and T show a gradual downward trend. In the third week, HB drops to the lowest value, and in the fourth week, T reaches the lowest value.
Proposal: (1)mountain bike athletes can consider arranging 5-6 weeks of plain training before going to the plateau; (2)During plateau training, it is easy to cause BUN to rise. Coaches must plan the active recovery time of athletes; (3)Plateau training can improve the athletes 'functional level, but the time to participate in the competition in the lower plateau must be controlled within one week.
PO-002 Relationship between Air Pollution and College Students' Stamina
Authors: Chen Hongmiao , Feng Jiacheng 
Published: October 2018

Objective To find out whether the air quality in the long growing areas of adolescents affects their cardiorespiratory function through experiments.
Methods Through the classified statistics of the habitation of the students at H university，and the related statistics of the physical fitness test scores in the first and last year of college (men's 1000 meters run, the women's 800-meter run and vital capacity) and the average index of air pollution.
Results 1.There are positive correlation between pollution index of key cities all over the country and vital capacity of freshman in the region, but after four years living under a common environment, correlation of female lung capacity level and regional air pollution index disappears, while the correlation enhances of boys. 2. Senior students’ vital capacity results are improved; 3.There is no obvious relation between the endurance performance of freshman and senior and regional pollution index.
Conclusions 1 Air pollution and lung capacity are positively correlated, more exercise can weaken the effect of atmospheric pollution on lung. 2 After four years of urban life where the atmospheric pollution index is low, lung function can get some improvement. 3 Superimposed effects of smoking and air pollution is more severe to the lungs, last longer and less reversible .
PO-003 Effect of C2C12 Myotubes Function after Electrical Stimulation at Different Time
Authors: Zhao Jun , Dong Heling 
Published: October 2018

Objective To study the effect of different time of electrical stimulation on C2C12 myotubes function, and further explore its molecular mechanism.
Methods An electrical stimulation was given 7 days after C2C12 myotubes differentiation, of which intensity was 30ms, 3Hz, and the stimulation time was 60mins, 120mins, and 180mins, respectively. A total of four experimental groups, including Con (control group), E60 (60 mins group), E120and E180. Microscope was used to observe the muscular myotubes form; Kits were to detect MDA and ROS; Western blot was used to detect the expression of autophagy proteins and mechanism proteins, including PGC1, p-ULK, SIRT1 and SIRT3.
Results Compared with the control group, MDA, ROS, SIRT3 increased significantly in E60 (p<0.05), p-ULK and PGC1 increased significantly (p<0.01), SIRT1 decreased significantly (p<0.05). In E120, MDA、ROS、SIRT3 and PGC1 increased significantly (p<0.01), SOD decreased significantly (p<0.05). In E180, MDA and ROS increased significantly (p<0.01), SOD decreased significantly (p<0.01).
Conclusions Moderate electrical stimulation can significantly activate oxidative stress, and further promote SIRT3, PGC1 and p-ULK expression, while excessive stimulation has the opposite effects.
PO-010 Effects of kickboxing on body composition of adolescents with obesity
Authors: Chu Ziwen 
Published: October 2018

Objective In order to find a scientific and effective way to lose weight, the effect of kickboxing exercise was studied by the method of experiment. Through research, it is found that kickboxing can effectively change the body shape and body composition of the human body and achieve a better weight loss effect. This study further enriches and improves the theory of exercise and fitness, which can provide scientific guidance for obese children and adolescents to lose weight and provide a good reference for obesity of other age groups and special populations.
Methods In this paper, 20 students of 12~14 years old in the summer class of Wuhan diet training camp were selected as the subjects. Through the test of height and weight, the 20 subjects of drug induced obesity or non secondary obesity were selected by BMI as the main basis, including 8 girls and 12 boys. kickboxing training time is 8 weeks, 3 times a week, each class 60 minutes，from warming up, basically, relax three parts. In order to study the effects of kickboxing on body composition of obese people, skin fold thickness, girth and body fat were monitored and tested.
Results After 8 weeks of kickboxing exercise, there was a significant difference in the thickness of the upper arm skin fold of the boys P < 0.05, and the thickness of the skin fold of the lower scapula was P < 0.01, but the changes in the abdomen were not obvious. While the skin thickness of the upper arm and the abdominal skin fold were P < 0.05, and there was no significant difference in the skin fold thickness of the scapula. Male hip circumference P < 0.05 had a very significant change, chest circumference, waist circumference and waist hip ratio P > 0.05 did not change significantly. The waist circumference and waist hip ratio were significantly changed, but there was no significant change in chest circumference and hip circumference. After exercise, the changes in fat content, muscle weight and BMI were the most significant. Girls' weight, fat content, body fat percentage and BMI were the most significant changes, followed by a slight change in muscle weight.
Conclusions From the qualitative point of view, it can be concluded that the practice of kickboxing exercises can effectively develop flexibility, balance, coordination and so on. It has a significant effect on improving human posture and sports ability. From a quantitative point of view, aerobics can also reduce fat content, increase muscle weight, make the percentage of BMI, body fat change significantly, and have a significant impact on maintaining muscle content and muscle / weight ratio and laying a solid foundation for future exercise. It can be concluded that kickboxing is a suitable exercise for obese people to lose weight.
PO-025 The application of serum creatinine in training monitoring
Authors: Xu Chi 
Published: October 2018

Objective Study the role of serum creatinine in physiological function assessment of weightlifters combined with other indexes, in order to evaluate the effect of phased training and arrange training plan scientifically.
Methods Taking weightlifters as the main research object, the sports features of Cr, the correlation between Cr and body composition, Cr and physical ability of the athletes were studied, and the exercise load of the athletes were monitored with other physiological and biochemical indexes.
Results There was a significant difference in Cr value between anaerobic metabolism (ATP-CP and glycolysis) and aerobic metabolism (p < 0.01); Cr was highly correlated with lean body weight, skeletal muscle content and BMI (R2 was 0.562, 0.574, 0.871 respectively); Cr was basically consistent with the change trend of hemoglobin, testosterone, creatinine kinase and other physiological and biochemical indicators in terms of training monitoring; Cr was highly correlated with maximum anaerobic work,average anaerobic work and maximum anaerobic work/body weight (R2 was 0.625, 0.707, 0.660 respectively).
Conclusions In the sports dominated by phosphoric acid, Cr can be used to assess athletes muscle mass and non-invasive measuring level of creatine phosphate in the body. The change of Cr concentration in human body is closely related to athletic train.It can be used to control the quantity and intensity of exercise more scientifically combined with other indexes. At the same time,it can monitor the function of the kidneys in the training process. When the Cr is abnormally higher than the personal threshold,it is necessary to pay attention to the physical function of the athletes, such as diet, nutrient, weight loss control etc. Moreover,excessive fatigue should be adjusted in time to avoid overincrease of Cr which may cause kidney damage.
PO-126 Inhibition of HIF-1α Alleviates Exaggerated Pressor Response Induced by Static Muscle Contraction in Rats with Peripheral Arterial Disease
Authors: Li Jianhua , Xing Jihong 
Published: October 2018

Objective Hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) is a transcription factor mediating adaptive responses to hypoxia and ischemia. A prior work showed that HIF-1α is increased in sensory nerves of rats with femoral artery occlusion. The present study was to examine if the reflex response of blood pressure induced by muscle contraction was altered after injection of HIF-1α inhibitor BAY 87-2243 (BAY87) into the arterial blood supply of the ischemic hindlimb muscles.
Methods A rat model of femoral artery ligation was used to study peripheral artery disease. Western blot analysis was employed to examine the protein levels of HIF-1α in the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) tissues. The exercise pressor reflex was evoked by static muscle contraction.
Results HIF-1α was increased in the DRG of occluded limbs (optical density: 0.89±0.13 in control vs. 1.5±0.05 in occlusion; P < 0.05, n=6 in each group). Arterial injection of BAY87 (0.2 mg/kg) inhibited expression of HIF-1α in the DRG of occluded limbs three hours following its injection (optical density: 1.02±0.09 in occluded limbs with BAY87 vs. 1.06±0.1 in control limbs; P > 0.05, n=5 in each group). In addition, muscle contraction evoked a greater increase in blood pressure in occluded rats. BAY87 attenuated the enhanced pressor response in occluded rats to a greater degree than in control rats.
Conclusions Inhibition of HIF-1α alleviates exaggeration of the exercise pressor reflex in rats under ischemic circumstances of the hindlimbs induced by femoral artery occlusion.
PO-129 Effect of endurance training on liver NK cells in mice
Authors: Wang Zhe , Jiang Ning , Wang Xinghao , Li Jing 
Published: October 2018

Objective NK cell (natural killer cell) is a large granular lymphocyte distinct from a group of T and B lymphocytes. At present, the research shows that NK cells can specifically identify target cells and release killing media and then play a killing effect. It is confirmed that the expression of IL-15 is closely related to the differentiation and maturation of NK cells. Furthermore, skeletal muscle is an endocrine tissue and plays a key role in regulating the whole-body metabolic health by synthesizing and releasing humoral factors called myokines, such as IL-15. Whether the IL-15 induced by exercise training can promote the maturation of NK cells remain unsolved. This study aimed to explore the effects of moderate endurance training on NK cells and relative mechanism.
Methods Twenty male C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into 2 groups: control group (YC) and exercise group (YE). YC animals were fed normally for 12 weeks, YE animals were trained for 12 weeks on moderate intensity treadmill (12 m/min).Then the samples were isolated and RT-PCR was used to detect IL-15 and Nkg2d genes in the liver, Western blotting was used to detect the killer factor IFN-γ released by NK cells. Flow cytometry was used to detect NK1.1 cell markers in primary liver cells .
Results 1)Compared with the YC group, the expression level of IL-15 and Nkg2d gene in the liver tissue of YE mice increased significantly (P < 0.05,P < 0.01); 2) Compared with the YC group, the expression of IFN-γ protein in the liver tissue of the YE mice increased significantly (P < 0.05); 3) Compared with two group. The proportion of NK cells in liver cells of group YE increased significantly (P < 0.05).
Conclusions Moderate intensity endurance training can enhance the content and killing ability of NK cells through induced IL-15 in the liver.
PO-135 Application of Wireless Heart rate system in Men's Freestyle
Authors: Zhao Fan , Liu Yong , Zhou Yi 
Published: October 2018

Objective Using heart rate wireless system to continuously track the morning pulse of male freestyle wrestlers after different training loads. The basic value of individual morning pulse and the interval of variation of individual morning pulse after class were established for the elite players.
Methods The paper is based on 6 elite male freestyle wrestlers, we continuously test morning pulse after different training load and recovery period，then fill in fatigue questionnaire.We use Spss statistical software to carry out statistical treatment of the experimental data, and analysis the descriptive, difference, correlation and reliability of data.
Results Men freestyle athletes base morning pulse at 43-47 / min. After high intensity, the morning pulse increased by about 6%-11%, and the range of change was basically consistent with the change of subjective feeling and heart rate in training class. The average (X) and standard deviation (SD) of the morning pulse in high intensity training class were different from each other. Combined with the results of training diary and fatigue questionnaire, the players appeared body and psychological fatigue and complained that they felt very tired. The X-SD~X SD interval can be used as the early morning pulse range for evaluating athletes' fatigue after high intensity class. The morning pulse and SpO2 was associated with exhaustion of emotional energy, negative evaluation of exercise, decreased sense of achievement, and no significant correlation with heart rate fatigue. However, these three dimensions were significantly related to mental fatigue, r>0.934.
Conclusions After high intensity, the morning pulse increased significantly compared with the basic value of morning pulse. Combined with questionnaire survey and training diary feedback, the subjective feeling of body appeared fatigue after high intensity class, which was also consistent with the change of morning pulse. Can be based on individual morning pulse changes to learn about the high intensity class fatigue situation.The morning pulse after high intensity can reach the fatigue interval, which indicates that the training intensity can stimulate the body greatly, and the gradual recovery of the morning pulse can be regarded as the state of whether or not there is overfatigue. If maintain oneself high level all the time, need to adjust training intensity in time. If you can gradually recover close to the basic value, the large-intensity training class can be well adapted to the body.
PO-195 Effects of different exercises on cyocardial cell cycles
Authors: Xie Jinfeng 
Published: October 2018

Objective With the advent of the era of great health, people's health awareness is increasing.As an economical and environment-friendly way, exercise should be viewed as a “first line” strategy for prevention and treatment of arterial aging and a vital component of a contemporary public health approach for reducing the projected increase in population Cardiovascular diseases burden.The objective of this work was to study the effect of 8-week spin training and swim training on normal cyocardial cell cycle.
Methods A total of 30 C57BL/6 mice were randomly allocated to 8-week spin training and swim training program (intervention group) or no supervised exercise (control group). Normal cyocardial cell cycle proteins were measured by Western Blotting. All the outcomes were measured after 8 weeks. Repeated measures were analyzed using mean ±SD and T tests were used to analyze the data.
Results Compared with the control group, Western Blotting shows that CDK4 of spin training significantly increase (0.7698± 0.01130 to 1.111 ±0.02027, p<0.001) and CDK4 of swim training significantly increase (0.7698 ±0.01130 to 1.258± 0.01427, p<0.001) ,following 8 weeks of exercise, CyclinD1 of spin training increase (0.8558 ± 0.007912 to 1.499 ± 0.06303, p<0.001) and CyclinD1 of swim training significantly increase (0.8558 ± 0.007912 to 2.097 ± 0.3622, p<0.05) .
Conclusions The 8-week spin training and swim training was found to be effective in increasing cyocardial cell cycles proteins in normal mice. There was significant improvement inCDK4 and CyclinD1 in intervention group compared to control group.
PO-198 Effect of aerobic exercise on antioxidation ability of mice kidneys
Authors: He Sisi , Wang Haitao 
Published: October 2018

Objective To study the total antioxidant capacity of the kidney in the Aged mice Total Antioxidant Capacity(T-AOC), Malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) expression level by aerobic exercise. Objective to explore the effect of aerobic exercise on antioxidation ability of mice.
Methods 30 Male C57BL/6 strain mice were randomly divided into adult group ( group CC) in the 13 months old, in the control group (Group C), 5 months of quiet feeding, the aerobic exercise group (Group E) ran for 5 months, 10 per group, and the adult group (group CC) compared with the control group (Group C), The Analysis control Group (Group C) was compared with the aerobic exercise group (Group E). After 5 months of Treadmill running in Group E, Determination of antioxidant index of each group. The statistical method is processed by SPSS20.0 statistic software, the experimental data is expressed by the mean ± standard deviation, the two mean numbers are analyzed by independent sample t test, and the difference of (p<0.05) is statistically significant.
Results T-AOC of adult Group was (0.99±0.13) U/mg Prot, control group was (0.27±0.07) u/mg prot, aerobic exercise group (0.39±0.10) U/mg prot, adult group SOD as (46.32± 1.84) U/mg, control Group (29.71±7.64) U/mg, aerobic exercise group (39.85±5.83) U/mg, adult group MDA (8.15±0.16) nmol/mg, control Group (8.83±0.26) nmol/mg, The aerobic exercise group was (6.31±1.23) nmol/mg, the adult group was SOD/MDA (5.69±0.32), the control group was (3.38±0.9) and the aerobic exercise group was (6.55±1.08). Compared with the adult group, the control group T-AOC and SOD decreased significantly, MDA significantly increased, the difference was very significant (p<0.01), sod/mda significantly decreased, SOD/MDA difference was significant (p<0.01). Compared with the control group, the aerobic exercise group T-AOC and SOD obviously increased, MDA significantly decreased, the difference was significant (p<0.01), SOD/MDA increased significantly, the difference was very significant (p<0.01).
Conclusions To sum up, with the increase of the age of mice MDA expression is increased, the 18 months old SOD expression is lower than 13 months old, indicating that the antioxidant capacity with the increase in age, The results of this study are consistent with the results of previous scholars. The results show that aerobic exercise has some antioxidant effect, and aerobic exercise can decrease expression of kidney tissue SOD, raise the expression of kidney tissue T-AOC, increase the expressionof kidney tissue, increase the expression of SOD/MDA, and reduce the oxidative stress of kidney to some extent, So as to protect the role of the kidney, aerobic exercise and kidney-related mechanisms also need our further study.
PO-104 The shifted balance of high-energy phosphates drives the AMPK dephosphorylation and reduced slow myosin expression during unloading
Authors: Vilchinskaya Natalia , Shenkman Boris 
Published: October 2018

Objective Mechanical unloading of postural muscles results in both muscle atrophy and a slow to fast fibre type transition. The cause of such changes is a reduction in slow-type MyHC isoform expression and an increase in fast-type MyHC isoform expression. It is believed that calcineurin/NFAT signalling pathway and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) are involved in the regulation of slow-type MyHC isoform. Previously we showed that AMPK phosphorylation is significantly decreased in rat soleus at the early stage of mechanical unloading. We found, that stimulation of AMPK activity at the early stage of gravitational unloading prevents a decline of slow MyHC expression. We assumed that a decrease in AMPK activity in rat soleus at the early stage of gravitational unloading could be associated with changes in the ratio of intracellular high-energy phosphates (ATP/ADP). The aim of the study was to investigate the impact of high-energy phosphates ratio changes on AMPK activity and slow-type MyHC isoform expression in rat soleus muscle at the early stages of gravitational unloading.
Methods To verify the hypothesis, we used administration of β-guanidinopropionic acid (βGPA), before (6 day) and during 24-h hindlimb suspension. The content of phospho-AMPK, phospho-ACC, phospho-PKD, HDAC4/5 in rat soleus was determined by Western-blotting. The amount of MyHCI(β) pre-mRNA and mRNA was evaluated by RT-PCR.
Results After 24-h HS we observed a decrease (p<0.05) in phospho-AMPK content vs. control group, but in HS+ βGPA group didn’t differ from the control. After 24-h unloading we found a significant increase in the content of nuclear HDAC4 in the HS group, but in the HS+ βGPA group the content of nuclear HDAC4 didn’t differ from the control group. 24-h unloading resulted in a decrease in MyHCI(β) pre-mRNA and mRNA expression vs. the control group. The expression level of MyHCI(β) pre-mRNA and mRNA in HS+ βGPA group didn’t differ from the control.
Conclusions Thus βGPA administration prevents a decline in AMPK phosphorylation. Therefore, we can conclude that at the early stage of gravitational unloading an accumulation of high-energy phosphates (ATP, ADP and creatine phosphate) takes place and leads to reduced AMPK activity and a slow to fast myosin fibre type transition. The study was supported by Russian Science Foundation grant # 18-15-00107.