bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Concept of a Dew Collection Device Based on the Mathematical Model of Sliding Liquid Drops on an Inclined Solid Surface
Authors: Ziatdinov R , Nabiyev R , Kim H-s , Lim S H 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Dew collection, and devices for such, may play an important role in regions of our planet that are arid and lack clean water. Usually, dew collection devices are represented as an inclined plane, which is a trivial topology. In this work, we first propose the concept a dew collection device with a helicoidal structure in order to increase its surface area, and we suggest taking into account Frenkel’s mathematical model of sliding drops on an inclined surface as the fundamental idea in designing dew collection devices. We also believe that in the future this mathematical model can be used to investigate the possibility of condensing liquid drops within other planets’ atmospheres that contain hydrogen and oxygen. Finally, we represent our concept as a three-dimensional Rhino model.
The Economic Feasibility and Efficiency of Complex Stock Development in Coal Deposits Operation
Authors: Shulyatieva L I 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The article deals with the problem of efficiency gains in subsoil use and reducing natural resources waste in coal deposits operation. A technique to estimate the feasibility of developing coal deposits with complex bedding is proposed. An algorithm to estimate the effect of factors complicating deposits development and affecting resources extraction capacity is recommended. Provisions to improve the taxation system for coal mining under complex mining and geological conditions are considered.
Analysis of Energy Efficiency of Municipal Solid Waste Usage for Thermal and Electrical Energy Production
Authors: Shaburov E , Fedyukhin A , Derevianko O 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThis work presents a review of ecological map of Leningrad Oblast’ basing on established normative documents. It was established that the ratio of treated and utilized waste does not exceed 5-10% of the total material amount. This states for low degree of municipal solid waste (MSW) recycling. We have carried out analysis and selection of the priority way for MSW recycling. It was shown that usage of MSW as a fuel for thermal and electrical energy production economizes traditional fuel types (coal, gas, mazut). Also it serves for reduction of greenhouse gas emission. It was established that the most perspective method for thermal utilization is waste gasification. According to the world data, the efficiency for syngas production from gasification is about 70%. At this, the remaining portions are physical heat losses as well as chemical and physical energies of the generated tar. Gasification setup modeling was performed using Aspens Plus. The total efficiency of thermal and electrical energy production was 70.5%.
To the Safety of Small Reservoirs Ground Structures
Authors: Fedorov V , Vasilyeva E , Vyaltsev A V , Yakovenko E 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
There are several hundred low-pressure soil structures, which belong to the IV and III classes of building on the territory of the Russian Federation. In recent years, the maintenance of normal operation and the maintenance of dams in satisfactory condition has become quite an acute problem. The decrease in the water objects’ security level of this kind is due to the long period of facilities’ operation, the reduction of the maintenance staff, the complete or partial lack of project documentation in this field and even the absence of owners. The main damaging factor in a hydrodynamic accident is a breakthrough wave. The flow of water moving at high speed damages to some extent buildings and structures, floods vast areas, and in the event of a breakthrough in a large reservoir, it can lead to the death of people. This article proposes constructive solutions that improve the safety of low-lying ground structures, and thus reduce the risk of accidents and flooding of the underlying areas.
Entropy As an Assessment Factor of the Current State of Vessel When Approaching an Object of Maneuver
Authors: Fadyushin S G , Vereshchagina E A , Rudnichenko A K 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The paper describes a method for assessing the current state of a vessel as an element of a complex dynamic system when approaching a mobile object. As an evaluation criterion, it is proposed to use the maximum value of the entropy of the “vessel – the object of maneuver” system with the equality of probabilities of possible states of this system. The relevance of the study is due to the need to improve the classical methods of analysis and solving the problems of the vessel’s approach to the object of maneuver. Classical deterministic methods often prove ineffective if the object of maneuver performs unpredictable random actions in relation to the maneuvering vessel. Such objects include, for example, mobile shoals of fish or other vessels operated by inexperienced navigators. The purpose of the study is to justify the method of assessing the current state of the vessel when approaching the object of maneuver on the calculated deterministic trajectory. The solution of the control example confirmed the possibility of using the entropy of the “vessel – the object of maneuver” system as a universal estimation parameter of vessel’s current state when approaching an object of maneuver. The materials of the paper can be of practical and theoretical interest for specialists in the field of automation of ship movement control, navigators of merchant and fishing ships.
Methods of the Theory of Radiation Transfer for Bathymetry Problems
Authors: Sushchenko A A , Lyu E R , Kan V A 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Based on the mathematical model of the propagation of an acoustic signal in a fluctuating medium, the inverse problem is formulated, which includes determination a function that describes the deviation of the bottom level from the average specified horizontal plane. In the double scattering approximation and the narrow directivity pattern of the receiving antenna, the solution of the direct problem is obtained. As a solution of the inverse problem, a nonlinear differential equation is obtained for the function describing the deviation of the seabottom relief. A numerical analysis of the solution is carried out.
The Suspension Characteristics Determining Method with the Help of Images Processing
Authors: Antonenkov D A 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The article presents the developed method for determining the parameters of the bottom sediments that allow obtaining the express data on the concentration and size composition of suspended particles in water. The method is based on the use of high-speed photography of the aquatic environment. A special feature of the method is its operability under considerable dynamic activity of water masses and high concentration of suspended matter of terrigenous origin in the coastal zone. A brief description of the developed technical means design intended for the method approbation is given. The designed software operation principle is described, that allows determining the particles length frequency on the images and calculating the suspension concentration for a given volume. The method approbation results in a laboratory environment are presented.
The Models of Permafrost for Arid and Alpine Regions
Authors: Krass M S , Merzlikin V G 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Stationary models of the thermal regime of permafrost taking into account water evaporation and ice sublimation within upper layer of soil are submitted. The results of Chinese researchers in mountainous Tibet and theoretical approach of Russian scientists for Northern Tien Shan are discussed. The thickness of the frozen rocks may reach an unexpectedly very large depth up to 100 m and more. Traditional stationary model of permafrost (Model Problem #0) was examined. The authors of the paper theoretically based the thermal regime of formation permafrost of cryolithozone in the highlands (two-stratum Model Problem #1). The new mechanism of formation of the thermal regime caused evaporation and sublimation processes in dispersed rocks in conditions of arid (high land) climate are suggested. Evaporation when filtering moisture in the upper soil layers is like heat sink. Then this process becomes the primary for the temperature field variations inside coarse clastic sediments. Additionally ice sublimation can increase heat dissipation in dispersed rocks. Three-stratum Model Problem #2 with a certain subsurface volumetric layer under frost desiccation was introduced. This soil layer being between the upper one of evaporation and the deep one of permafrost may generate a significant heat effect on the depth of freezing. Temperature minimum of the thermal system is formed in subsurface layer and cause heat sink into frozen soil depth. Numerical evolutions for the proposed models correspond to experimental data on the intensity of evaporation and sublimation for the surface and subsurface layers of permafrost, as well as the processes of cooling and freezing in dispersed rocks. This research will be in demand in engineering Cryolithology and Glaciology.
Using the Binary Transformation for the Characterization of Structure-Texture Boundaries of Mineral Multifractal Surfaces
Authors: Rusanova I 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The possibilities of using fractal analysis for detecting atypical areas on digital images of feldspar (cracks, kinks, adhesions and structural changes) are investigated. The selection of texture heterogeneities and morphological features is carried out using the field of fractal dimension D, the self-similarity coefficient field K, and the measure field SRGB (triangle areas in the coordinate system of properties). The influences of the displacement step as well as the size of the scanning “window” are estimated. The proposed segmentation of digital images of minerals allows one to eliminate the regions with different ranges of fractal measure values and to describe complex multifractal surfaces of minerals taking into account the spectrum of fractal dimensions, because such fractals, along with geometric features, possess certain statistical properties. The application of the binary transformation of the obtained fractal measure fields to the selected threshold value revealed a sensitivity to a quantitative and qualitative description of the complexity of structural and texture boundaries of the surface. This fact which can be used to predict the results of the ores crushing.
Special Aspects of Modelling the Russian Federation Gas Industry in the Context of Market Transformation
Authors: Tarasov A E 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Currently, the most environmentally friendly fossil fuel is gas. Russia occupies one of the first places in the world for gas production and reserves. A significant part of the gas produced is being exported as piped or liquefied. Lately, the gas markets conventional for Russia have undergone some rather major changes. Ukraine has almost left the CIS market and settled for reverse gas supplies from Eastern Europe. Nowadays, independent gas producers have access to the liquefied gas export channels. From this year on a number of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) states got access to this platform besides the Russian buyers. Independent gas producers are now allowed to sell gas on the commodity exchange to the EAEU states, thus also including piped gas into the exports. The European countries aspiration to diversify gas supply sources and the raging growth of renewable power result in the essential periodicity of supplies and demand growth at the gas spot markets. The article reviews the special aspects of the gas industry modelling under the conditions of market transformation.
The Influence of Electrolytes Composition on the Dissociation Rate of Natural Gas Hydrates Obtained in Model Stratum Waters
Authors: Kalacheva L P , Portnyagin A S 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The study of the hydrates formation and decomposition kinetics in solutions of electrolytes is of interest due to the possibility of natural gas storing and transporting in a hydrate state, since the presence of impurities in water is inevitable under appropriate industrial processes. The kinetic parameters of decomposition reactions of natural gas hydrates obtained in model solutions simulating the composition and concentration of stratum waters of East Siberian fields are studied. These deposits are located within the Leno-Tunguskaya and Lena-Vilyuiskaya oil and gas provinces (OGP). The deposits of the Leno-Tunguskaya OGP are characterized by abnormally low reservoir temperatures and pressures (10° C and 16 MPa). The stratum waters belong to the chloride-calcium type, and by the type of the predominant cation either to the calcium or to the sodium subgroup of waters. The mineralization of stratum water can reach 400 g / l and higher. The abnormal high reservoir pressure is 36.3 MPa, the temperatures reach +66 °C for deposits of the Lena-Viluiskaya OGP. Mineralization of stratum water is from 40 to 180 g / l, there may be waters of chloride-calcium (subgroups of calcium and sodium) and sodium bicarbonate (subgroup of sodium) types. Therefore, hydrates of natural gas were obtained in model solutions of calcium and sodium chlorides, and also in solutions of sodium bicarbonate. The rate constants of hydrate decomposition reactions are determined by the Erofeev equation. The shape of the kinetic curves of hydrate decomposition depends on the type and degree of the model stratum water mineralization. The values of the constants n for the decomposition reactions of all hydrate samples are greater than one. This means that these reactions occur in the kinetic region, that is, the rate of hydrates decomposition is determined by the rate of physical desorption of the gas from the clathrate lattice. It has been established that the rate of hydrates decomposition increases with increasing mineralization, and it is higher in the presence of calcium chloride solutions than sodium chloride.
Coiled Heat Exchanger with Small Radius Bent Tubes for Controlled Heat Treatment of High Viscosity Waxy Oil
Authors: Karimov R M , Zaplatin A V , Tashbulatov R R 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The necessity of using the controlled heat treatment technology of oil instead of «hot pumping» is substantiated. A number of advantages of the “cold” transportation of oil are presented, as well as the main tasks that need to be solved for the successful usage of the above technology at the trunk oil pipelines. The main drawbacks of the heat exchanging equipment used at the heating and pumping stations of trunk pipelines for non-Newtonian solidifying waxy oils. Particular attention is paid to deposition and accumulation of wax in the flowing part of the equipment as well as the possibility of their safe quickly cleaning. The use of domestic twisted steel heat exchangers based on small radius bent tube is proposed. Constructive advantages of the proposed twisted heat exchangers are compared with the traditionally used equipment - shell-and-tube exchangers with horizontal and U-shaped arrangement of pipes, fully-welded plate heat exchangers, as well as finning air cooling units. For comparison, such technical and economic indicators as heat transfer rate, per surface area of heat exchange, complexity of operation, maintenance and repair, reliability and structural strength under cyclic loads in difficult thermobaric conditions are adopted. The issues of using twisted steel heat exchangers based on small radius bent tubes at trunk pipelines objects are considered taking into account successful experience of application in other industries.
The Compact Remotely Operated Underwater Vehicle with the Variable Restoring Moment
Authors: Bykanova A Yu , Storozhenko V A , Tolstonogov A Yu 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
This paper presents the development of the new small-sized high-maneuverable remotely operated vehicle. The main scope of the vehicle is survey of shipwrecks. The main feature of the vehicle is variable restoring moment achieved by the rotated ring with the ballast in the transverse plane of the vehicle. This feature augmented with low value of own restoring moment and the overactuated propulsion system consisting of four vehicle and four horizontal thrusters allows high range of maneuverability to be achieved. The vehicle is equipped with the built-in lithium-ion battery. This feature reduces tether weight and allows automatic emergency return functions of the vehicle to the coast station in the case of cable damage to be implemented. The design rationale of the vehicle and the systems integration diagram are presented in the article. The design rationale of the variable restoring moment mechanism is described. The software based on modern development of Institute of Marine Technology problem FEB RAS and Far Eastern Federal University are presented.
Probabilistic Approach to the Effect of Climate Change in the Meliorated Areas of Russia’s European Part
Authors: Cheremisinov A Y , Lomakin S V , Cheremisinov A A 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Meliorated (enhanced) agricultural landscapes represent an evolution of traditional agricultural landscapes. They are based on nature-like nature environmental-engineering technologies. They are generally complex natural-anthropogenic systems structurally consisting of dynamic components such as climate, soils, water sources, and agricultural plants. From the standpoint of synergetics, each component is an open, non-linear (multivariant and irreversible), non-equilibrium self-organizing system. Climate characteristics are prone to the most drastic change while being of utmost importance for agriculture. Many scientists have found that climate is changing towards warming. In general, climate is a self-organizing system featuring considerable weather fluctuations while staying integral and able to exist in different variants. It is therefore extremely important to study such fluctuations as well as general climate change in different regions. It is this climate change that directly affects different aspects of regional economy. Of special interest are the forecasts of climate-related effects on meliorated land. Today’s weather forecasts are reliable within 5 days. This is why it is proposed to base forecasts on a probabilistic approach. Perennial historical weather data can be used to calculate and evaluate possible developments. Having a wide range of development computations, one can analyze these situations for other economic (economy-, environment-, or technology-related) purposes to choose the best option. Probabilistic research into the need for meliorated land in the European part of the Russian Federation has been carried out under a Grant of the Ministry of Agriculture of the Russian Federation (2017). We have developed various options for crop farming in the meliorated areas of European Russia for various climates (hot, normal, and mild climates; dry, normal, and humid climates). This approach can be used to generate other options or any combination thereof.
Model for Simulating the Temperature Conditions of a Sour Gas Cooling Unit
Authors: Krasnov A N , Prakhova M Yu , Khoroshavina E A 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
While being prepared for long-distance transport, gas is subjected to multiple cooling procedures that use air-cooling units. This is necessary for reducing the gas volume and preventing the gas from affecting the pipeline and the permafrozen soil where the pipeline is laid. ACU control systems are mainly tasked to sustain the necessary gas temperature at the unit outlet, which must provide sufficient cooling while also preventing the generation of hydrates in the ACU tubes. The ACU outlet temperature is the mean temperature, as temperatures of individual outlets might very greatly. Therefore, normal ACU operation requires a mathematical thermal field model that could be used to find the temperature at any point of the pipe. The paper proposes a thermal field simulation model that can be used to find temperatures at specific points of heat-transfer pipes as a function of the ambient temperature for any fan-vs-fan performance ratio. Experimental verification of the model showed good repeatability.
Assessment of Ecological Safety in Zones of Influence of Water Intake Technological Complex of Multipurpose Water Supply Systems
Authors: Larin D S , Bondarenko V L , Skorikova E A 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The use of water resources in various types of economic activity (EA) of industrial and agricultural production, the generation of electrical energy at a nuclear power plant (NPP), the State District Power Plant (SDPP), a thermal power plant (TPP), a hydroelectric power station (HES), communal sphere, water supply and sanitation of urban households, etc. is inherently associated with existing and under construction new water intake technological complexes (“WITC”) . In the development of the class of natural-technical systems (NTS) “Natural Environment-Object of Activity-Population” (“NE-OA-P”) on the use of water resources in the multifaceted types of economic and other activities, giving the results of theoretical studies of a specialized type “NTS” in where the component “NE” means the natural water environment (NWE) of a water body as a source of the multi-purpose water supply system (MWS) of the objects of urban households, settlements, enterprises of the fuel and energy complex (TPP, HES, NPP); Under the “OA” water intake technological complex (WITC) is considered, which includes various for the functional purpose of hydraulic structures (HS) and devices for ensuring the selection of estimated water flow (Qm3/s) with an environmentally safe level of protection of the water environment of the water body in the zones of influence of the WITC and the functional work of the treatment facilities in the composition of the MWS; under the “P” is MWS that provides water of normative quality to specific water consumers
Principles of Ecological Monitoring of Agricultural Lands
Authors: Isaeva S D , Shevchenko V A 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The article discusses the special aspects of ecological monitoring of agricultural land in current conditions. At the present day over 3.5 million hectares of the reclaimed lands in Russia are in an unsatisfactory meliorative state dial with secondary salinization, solonetzation of soil, erosion, flooding of lands with groundwater, etc. Monitoring is oriented to ensuring environmental sustainability of geological systems of river basins and landscapes to agricultural and water reclamation impacts. As the monitoring objects, reclaimed and adjoining lands, soils, underground and surface waters, reclamation systems are considered. The principles of ecological monitoring organization of reclaimed agricultural lands have been determined, an algorithm and technology for its implementation have been developed.
System Analysis and the Task of Ontological Modeling of Multimodal Transportation
Authors: Romanenko V E , Mokhov V A , Yarkin E K 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The basic principles of synthesis and processing of information, laid down by Tim B. Lee and determined at the level of schemes, models, syntax and ontology dictionaries, have been further developed in the following study. Detailed study and formalization of specific areas of knowledge based on conceptual schemes in the basis of ontological engineering constitutes today the basis for the generation of modern knowledge and is the key to reducing the production of information debris. A comparative analysis of tools for constructing, comparing (analyzing) ontologies has shown the expediency of using the Protégé system. With the help of this tool, the authors implemented an instance of an ontological model of the domain of “multimodal transport” with a view to its subsequent application in the construction of appropriate multi-agent models.