bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Decreased phototoxicity of photodynamic therapy by Cx32/Cx26‐composed GJIC: A “Good Samaritan” effect
Authors: Wu Deng‐Pan , Ding Chun‐Hui , Bai Li‐Ru , Zhou Yan , Yang Si‐Man , Zhang Fan , Huang Jin‐Lan 
Published: January 2019

Background and ObjectivePhotodynamic therapy (PDT) has been widely used to treat malignant tumors. Our previous studies indicated that connexin (Cx) 32‐ and Cx26‐composed gap junctional intercellular communication (GJIC) could improve the phototoxicity of PDT. However, the role of heterotypic Cx32/Cx26‐formed GJIC in PDT phototoxicity is still unknown. Thus, the present study was aimed to investigate the effect of Cx32/Cx26‐formed GJIC on PDT efficacy.MethodsCCK8 assay was used to detect cell survival after PDT. Western blot assay was utilized to detect Cx32/Cx26 expression. “Parachute” dye‐coupling assay was performed to measure the function of GJ channels. The intracellular Ca2+ concentrations were determined using flow cytometer. ELISA assay was performed to detect the intracellular levels of PGE2 and cAMP.ResultsThe present study demonstrates there is a Cx32/Cx26‐formed GJIC‐dependent reduction of phototoxicity when cells were exposure to low concentration of Photofrin. Such a protective action is missing at low cell density due to the lack of GJ coupling. Under high‐cell density condition, where there is opportunity for the cells to contact each other and form GJ, suppressing Cx32/Cx26‐formed GJIC by either inhibiting the expression of Cx32/Cx26 or pretreating with GJ channel inhibitor augments PDT phototoxicity after cells were treated with at 2.5 µg/ml Photofrin. The above results suggest that at low Photofrin concentration, the presence of Cx32/Cx26‐formed GJIC may decrease the phototoxicity of PDT, leading to the insensitivity of malignant cells to PDT treatment. The GJIC‐mediated PDT insensitivity was associated with Ca2+ and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) signaling pathways.ConclusionThe present study provides a cautionary note that for tumors expressing Cx32/Cx26, the presence of Cx32/Cx26‐composed GJIC may cause the resistance of tumor cells to PDT. Oppositely, treatment strategies designed to downregulate the expression of Cx32/Cx26 or restrain the function of Cx32/Cx26‐mediated GJIC may increase the sensitivity of malignant cell to PDT. Lasers Surg. Med. 51:301–308, 2019. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
An adaptive finite element model for wellbore breakout simulation
Authors: Cecílio Diogo L. , Devloo Philippe R. B. , Gomes Sônia M. , Santos Erick S.R. 
Published: January 2019

SummaryA finite element formulation is proposed and implemented for analysing the stability of excavated wells using the DiMaggio‐Sandler constitutive elastoplastic model with a typical carbonate reservoir configuration. The quality of the finite element approximation is ensured by applying smooth curved elements adapted to the wellbore geometry, and h − p adaptive finite element meshes in the plastic zone. General purpose procedures are defined to transfer the elastoplastic deformation history to newly created integration points. A breakout damage criterion is proposed based on the second invariant of the deviatoric plastic deformation tensor. This damage criterion is used to apply a mesh movement algorithm to represent material collapse. The automatic successive application of the breakout damage criterion results in elliptical realistically looking geometries obtained in experiments reported in the literature.
Prediction of peak oxygen uptake using the modified shuttle test in children and adolescents with cystic fibrosis
Authors: Vendrusculo Fernanda M. , Heinzmann‐Filho João P. , Campos Natália E. , Gheller Mailise F. , de Almeida Ingrid S. , Donadio Márcio V. F. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractBackgroundSeveral tests may be used to assess exercise intolerance in cystic fibrosis (CF), including the gold standard cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) and the Modified Shuttle Test (MST).ObjectiveTo evaluate the use of the MST as a predictor of peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak) and to compare VO2peak and maximal heart rate (HRmax) obtained in both tests.MethodsCross‐sectional study including individuals with CF aged between 6 and 20 years old. Participants who were unable to perform the tests and/or presented signs of pulmonary exacerbation were excluded. Demographic, anthropometric, clinical and spirometric values ​​were collected. CPET and the MST were performed in two consecutive outpatient visits. HRmax, peripheral oxygen saturation, dyspnea, and VO2peak measured and estimated were compared.ResultsTwenty‐four patients, mean age 15.7 ± 4.2 years and FEV1 (% predicted) 76.4 ± 23.8, were included. Mean values ​​of HRmax (bpm) and HRmax in percent of predicted (HRmax%) were lower (P = 0.01) in the MST (171.6 ± 14.5 and 87.1 ± 7.5) compared to CPET (180.9 ± 10.0 and 91.9 ± 5.4). However, there was no significant differences between tests in the variation (delta) for HRmax and HRmax% (P = 0.17). A strong correlation (r = 0.79; P < 0.0001) was found between distance achieved (MST) and VO2peak (CPET). The regression model to estimate VO2peak resulted in the following equation: VO2(mL · kg−1 · min−1) = 20.301 + 0.019 × MST distance (meters). There was no difference (P = 0.50) between VO2peak measured (CPET) and estimated by the equation.ConclusionThe MST may be an alternative method to evaluate exercise capacity and to predict VO2peak in children and adolescents with CF.
Enhanced Quantum Synchronization via Quantum Machine Learning
Authors: Cárdenas‐López Francisco A. , Sanz Mikel , Retamal Juan Carlos , Solano Enrique 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe quantum synchronization between a pair of two‐level systems inside two coupled cavities is studied. By using a digital–analog decomposition of the master equation that rules the system dynamics, it is shown that this approach leads to quantum synchronization between both two‐level systems. Moreover, in this digital–analog block decomposition, the fundamental elements of a quantum machine learning protocol can be identified, in which the agent and the environment (learning units) interact through a mediating system, namely, the register. If the algorithm can be additionally equipped with a classical feedback mechanism, which consists of projective measurements in the register, reinitialization of the register state, and local conditional operations on the agent and environment subspace, a powerful and flexible quantum machine learning protocol emerges. Indeed, numerical simulations show that this protocol enhances the synchronization process, even when every subsystem experiences different loss/decoherence mechanisms, and gives the flexibility to choose the synchronization state. Finally, an implementation is proposed, based on current technologies in superconducting circuits.
Synthesis and Characterization of Positively Charged tris‐Imidazolium Calix[6]arene Hosts for Anion Recognition
Authors: Aloui Lobna , Elhabiri Mourad , Platas‐Iglesias Carlos , Esteban‐Gómez David , Abidi Rym , Chetcuti Michael J. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe syntheses of new tripodal ligands with effective C3 symmetry and anion recognition properties, are reported herein. The ligands have a 1,3,5‐tris‐methoxy‐2,4,6‐tris‐(α,ω‐bromoalkoxy)calix‐[6]arene as a backbone, and were prepared from 1,3,5‐tris‐methoxy‐p‐tert‐butyl‐calix[6]arene by alkylation with a series of α,ω‐dibromo‐alkanes [Br(CH2)nBr] of different chain lengths (n=2, 4 or 6). Further substitution of the bromo groups, via the use of 1‐methyl‐, 1‐mesityl‐or 2,6‐diisopropylphenyl‐1H‐imidazole, led to alkylation by imidazole units and afforded tripodal and tricationic 1,3,5‐tris‐methoxy‐2,4,6‐tris‐imidazolium‐p‐tert‐butyl‐calix[6]arenes. These scaffolds provide a framework for H‐bonded and electrostatic interactions with various anions and their anion binding properties were investigated by 1H NMR and UV‐visible spectroscopy. A sizeable selectivity for HSO4– (present as the n‐Bu4N+ salt) was demonstrated for most of the tripodal ligands considered in this work. Other anions such BF4–, ClO4–, PF6–, NO3–, Cl– exhibited weak to medium associations with the investigated ligands. A single crystal X‐ray study, unfortunately of poor quality, corroborated the geometry of the calix[6]arenes that was previously established by 1H NMR spectroscopy. The binding‐site geometry was more definitively probed by DFT calculations.Introduction
The conditional mean spectra by disaggregating the eta spectral shape indicator
Authors: Mohandesi Mohammad Ali , Azarbakht Alireza , Ghafory‐Ashtiany Mohsen 
Published: January 2019

SummaryConditional spectra are a recent development in this field, which utilizes the advantages of spectral shape indicators, for example, epsilon and eta. The application of an eta indicator in conditional spectra calculations depends mainly on calculating the peak ground velocity epsilon, data about which are not readily available in the current literature. This issue has been solved by linear regression between the conventional epsilon and the peak ground velocity epsilon. However, not enough attention has been paid in the literature to the disaggregation of the eta indicator. For this reason, the disaggregation of seismic hazard based on the use of an eta indicator has been investigated in this paper, based on a simplified linear seismic source. The obtained results were compared with the available approach in the literature, which shows that this refinement has a meaningful effect on the conditional spectra specifically in the short period range. Furthermore, eta‐based conditional spectra are used at different hazard levels to select ground‐motion records. A three‐storeyed building is then analysed, and the corresponding annual probability of failure is calculated based on the full dataset as well as on the records, which were selected based on conditional spectra.
Modulating heterologous pathways and optimizing fermentation conditions for biosynthesis of kaempferol and astragalin from naringenin in Escherichia coli
Authors: Pei Jianjun , Chen Anna , Dong Ping , Shi Xuejia , Zhao Linguo , Cao Fuliang , Tang Feng 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Kaempferol and astragalin are used as standards to assess the quality of Ginkgo biloba extract and Radix astragali, respectively, and possess numerous biological properties. In this study, we constructed a recombinant strain with a highly efficient biosynthetic pathway of kaempferol by screening key enzyme genes, designing a synthetic fusion enzyme and increasing the gene copy number. By optimizing conversion and fed-batch fermentation conditions, maximal kaempferol production reached 1184.2 ± 16.5 mg/L, which represents the highest yield of kaempferol from naringenin reported to date. Based on this result, glycosyltransferase (AtUGT78D2) and an efficient UDP-glucose synthesis pathway were introduced into the recombinant strain to produce astragalin, resulting in maximal astragalin production at 1738.5 ± 24.8 mg/L without kaempferol accumulation. The efficient synthesis pathway described in this study for kaempferol and astragalin biosynthesis can be widely used for flavonoid biosynthesis in Escherichia coli.
Developmental duration and predation rate of the coccidophagous coccinellid Rhyzobius lophanthae (Blaisdell) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) on Aspidiotus nerii Bouche
Authors: Abu Alloush A.H. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe consumption rate, survival, and developmental duration of the coccidophagous coccinellid Rhyzobius lophanthae (Blaisdell) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), a predator of the armored scale insect, Aspidiotus nerii Bouche (Hemiptera: Diaspididae) were studied under laboratory conditions at two temperature regimes of 25 ± 1 and 30 ± 1°C, 50–65% RH, and 16L:8D. Developmental time (egg to adult) significantly decreased with increase in the temperature. It lasted 27.5 days at 25 ± 1°C and 21.3 days at 30 ± 1°C. The development threshold of R. lophanthae immature stages was 7.823°C, while the thermal constant was 472.379 degree-days. No mortality was recorded during the incubation period. The total mortality rate amongst the larval instars was with 3.33% at 25 ± 1°C and 6.77% at 30 ± 1°C. The sex ratio male to female was 1:1.06. The consumption rate significantly increased with increasing temperatures and within the larval instars. The four larval instar consumed 24.3 and 33.5 adults of A. nerii at 25 ± 1 and 30 ± 1°C, respectively. Overall, micro-climate temperature had a significant impact on the biological parameters of R. lophanthae.
Kalasinemys, a new xinjiangchelyid turtle from the Late Jurassic of NE Thailand
Authors: Tong Haiyan , Naksri Wilailuck , Buffetaut Eric , Suteethorn Suravech , Suteethorn Varavudh , Chantasit Phornphen , Claude Julien 
Published: January 2019

AbstractA new xinjiangchelyid turtle,Kalasinemys prasarttongosothin. gen. n. sp., is described on the basis of skull and shell material from the Upper Jurassic Phu Kradung Formation at Phu Noi locality, Kalasin Province, in NE Thailand. This second xinjiangchelyid turtle from Phu Noi is distinct fromPhunoichelys thirakhuptiby the smooth shell surface, the presence of a cervical notch, and vertebral 1 narrower than nuchal. The skull presents an arterial system characteristic of the Xinjiangchelyidae (basal Eucryptodira), and its outline is similar to that ofAnnemysspp. known from the Middle–Late Jurassic of China and Mongolia, but distinct from the latter mainly by the wider triturating surface, smaller foramen palatinum posterius and the shape of the prefrontal and frontal, as well as that of the basisphenoid and basioccipital. Based on the turtle assemblages, the correlation with mainland Asia further supports a Late Jurassic age for the lower part of the Phu Kradung Formation where Phu Noi site is located stratigraphically. Our study provides new insight on the evolution of the basal eucryptodiran turtles in Asia.
Levels of early-childhood behavioral inhibition predict distinct neurodevelopmental pathways to pediatric anxiety
Authors: Abend Rany , Swetlitz Caroline , White Lauren K. , Shechner Tomer , Bar-Haim Yair , Filippi Courtney , Kircanski Katharina , Haller Simone P. , Benson Brenda E. , Chen Gang , Leibenluft Ellen , Fox Nathan A. , Pine Daniel S. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractBackgroundAnxiety symptoms gradually emerge during childhood and adolescence. Individual differences in behavioral inhibition (BI), an early-childhood temperament, may shape developmental paths through which these symptoms arise. Cross-sectional research suggests that level of early-childhood BI moderates associations between later anxiety symptoms and threat-related amygdala–prefrontal cortex (PFC) circuitry function. However, no study has characterized these associations longitudinally. Here, we tested whether level of early-childhood BI predicts distinct evolving associations between amygdala–PFC function and anxiety symptoms across development.MethodsEighty-seven children previously assessed for BI level in early childhood provided data at ages 10 and/or 13 years, consisting of assessments of anxiety and an fMRI-based dot-probe task (including threat, happy, and neutral stimuli). Using linear-mixed-effects models, we investigated longitudinal changes in associations between anxiety symptoms and threat-related amygdala–PFC connectivity, as a function of early-childhood BI.ResultsIn children with a history of high early-childhood BI, anxiety symptoms became, with age, morenegativelyassociated with right amygdala–left dorsolateral-PFC connectivity when attention was to be maintained on threat. In contrast, with age, low-BI children showed an increasinglypositiveanxiety–connectivity association during the same task condition. Behaviorally, at age 10, anxiety symptoms did not relate to fluctuations in attention bias (attention bias variability, ABV) in either group; by age 13, low-BI children showed a negative anxiety–ABV association, whereas high-BI children showed a positive anxiety–ABV association.ConclusionsEarly-childhood BI levels predict distinct neurodevelopmental pathways to pediatric anxiety symptoms. These pathways involve distinct relations among brain function, behavior, and anxiety symptoms, which may inform diagnosis and treatment.
Adaptability analysis in a participatory variety trial of organic vegetable crops
Authors: Lyon Alexandra , Tracy William , Colley Micaela , Culbert Patrick , Mazourek Michael , Myers James , Zystro Jared , Silva Erin M. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractSuccessful organic farming requires crop varieties that are resilient to environmental variability. Assessing variety performance across the range of conditions represented on working farms is vital to developing such varieties; however, data collected from on-farm, participatory trials can be difficult to both collect and interpret. To assess the utility of data arising from participatory trialing efforts, we examined the performance of butternut squash (Cucurbita moschataL.), broccoli (Brassica oleraceaL.) and carrot (Daucus carotaL.) varieties grown in diverse organic production environments in participatory trials in Oregon, Washington, Wisconsin and New York using adaptability analysis (regression of variety means on environmental index). Patterns of adaptation varied across varieties, with some demonstrating broad adaptation and others showing specific adaptation to low- or high-yielding environments. Selection of varieties with broadvsspecific adaptation should be guided by farmers’ risk tolerance and on-farm environmental variation. Adaptability analysis was appropriate for continuous variables (e.g., yield traits), but less so for ordinal variables and quality traits such as flavor and appearance, which can be vitally important in organic vegetable crop variety selection. The relative advantages of adaptability analysis and additive main effects and multiplicative interactions are also discussed in relation to on-farm trial networks. This work demonstrated the unique challenges presented by extensive participatory vegetable trialing efforts, which, as compared to grain crops, require novel approaches to facilitating farmer participation as well as data collection and analysis. Efficient, precise and reliable methods for evaluating quality related traits in these crops would allow researchers to assess stability and adaptation across a wider range of traits, providing advantages for effective plant breeding and trialing activities within the organic sector.
Mini-Review: Recovery without treatment in gambling disorder and problematic gambling
Authors: Rumpf Hans-Jürgen , Petzold Maria , Bischof Anja , Bischof Gallus 
Published: January 2019

Mini-Review: Überwindung von Glücksspielstörung und problematischem Glücksspielen ohne Behandlung Abstract. ﻿Zusammenfassung:﻿ ﻿Ziel:﻿ Eine Reihe von Studien konnte zeigen, dass im Bereich der substanzbezogenen Störungen Remissionen ohne formelle Hilfe weitverbreit sind. Weniger ist dazu im Bereich von Verhaltenssüchten bekannt. Ziel ist eine Übersicht zur Datenlage unbehandelter Remission bei Glücksspielstörungen zur Verfügung zu stellen. Methode: Es wurde eine systematische Recherche in PubMed and Web of Science durchgeführt. Nach Ausschluss von Duplikaten wurden 152 Publikationen hinsichtlich Relevanz und Einschlusskriterien geprüft. Insgesamt konnten 8 Studien für dieses Review genutzt werden. Ergebnisse: Etwa 80 % aller Remittierten – mit höheren Raten bei Männern im Vergleich zu Frauen – nutzen keine formale Hilfe. Remittierte mit Behandlung wiesen eine ausgeprägtere Schwere und mehr negative Konsequenzen auf. Die methodische Qualität der Studien weist deutliche Unterschiede auf und ist auf der einen Seite durch kleine Stichproben, Sample-Selection-Bias und wenig präzisen Erhebungsinstrumenten gekennzeichnet, während die Allgemeinbevölkerungsstudien eine sehr hohe Qualität aufweisen. Schlussfolgerung: Die Ergebnisse zeigen Ähnlichkeiten zu Befunden in Studien zu unbehandelter Remission bei substanzbezogenen Störungen auf. Die geringe Anzahl der gefundenen Studie in dieser systematischen Übersicht weisen auf eine Forschungslücke hin. Dies ist in Anbetracht dessen, dass solche Studien wertvolle Hinweise für die Prävention und Behandlung zur Vermeidung und Überwindung von Glücksspielstörungen ermöglichen, bedauerlich.
Light Absorption by Ambient Black and Brown Carbon and its Dependence on Black Carbon Coating State for Two California, USA, Cities in Winter and Summer
Authors: Cappa Christopher D. , Zhang Xiaolu , Russell Lynn M. , Collier Sonya , Lee Alex K. Y. , Chen Chia‐Li , Betha Raghu , Chen Sijie , Liu Jun , Price Derek J. , Sanchez Kevin J. , McMeeking Gavin R. , Williams Leah R. , Onasch Timothy B. , Worsnop Douglas R. , Abbatt Jon , Zhang Qi 
Published: January 2019

AbstractObservations from a wintertime and summertime field campaign are used to assess the relationship between black and brown carbon (BC and BrC, respectively) optical properties and particle composition and coating state. The wintertime campaign, in Fresno, CA, was impacted by primary emissions from residential wood burning, secondary organic and inorganic particle formation, and BC from motor vehicles. Two major types of BrC were observed in wintertime. One occurred primarily at night—the result of primary biomass burning emissions. The second was enhanced in daytime and strongly associated with particulate nitrate and the occurrence of fog. The biomass‐burning‐derived BrC absorbed more strongly than the nitrate‐associated BrC but had a weaker wavelength dependence. The wintertime BC‐specific mass absorption coefficient (MACBC) exhibited limited dependence on the ensemble‐average coating‐to‐BC mass ratio (Rcoat‐rBC) at all wavelengths, even up to Rcoat‐rBC of ~5. For the summertime campaign, in Fontana, CA, BC dominated the light absorption, with negligible BrC contribution even after substantial photochemical processing. The summertime MACBC exhibited limited dependence on Rcoat‐rBC, even up to ratios of >10. Based on the four classes of BC‐containing particles identified by Lee et al. (2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp‐17‐15055‐2017) for the summertime measurements, the general lack of an absorption enhancement can be partly—although not entirely—attributed to an unequal distribution of coating materials between the BC‐containing particle types. These observations demonstrate that in relatively near‐source environments, even those impacted by strong secondary aerosol production, the ensemble‐average, mixing‐induced absorption enhancement for BC due to coatings can be quite small.