bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PO-071 Effects of Resistance Training of Different Loads on Gastrocnemius Protein, IGF-I and TNF-α in Aging Rats
Authors: Jia Min , Weng Xiquan , Zhai Sanhua , Lin Wentao 
Published: October 2018

Objective To observe the effects of different load resistance training on skeletal muscle dystrophy in aging rats by observing the expression of protein and protein of IGF-I and TNF-α in aging rats after 8 weeks of different load resistance training. The resistance training delays the theoretical basis for anti-skeletal muscle aging.
Methods 40 aging SD rats (18 months old) were randomly divided into a quiet control group, a non-weight-bearing exercise group, 30% of the largest negative recombination, 50% of the largest negative recombination, and 70% of the largest negative recombination. The sports group carried the treadmill movement with the tail load, the slope was 35°, the running speed was 15m/min, the rest was 30s every 15s, the rest was 3min after four cycles, and the three groups were one cycle. The cycle was intermittent for 10 minutes, and the exercise frequency was the next day for 8 weeks. After 8 weeks, the rat gastrocnemius muscle was taken. The protein content of the gastrocnemius muscle was determined by Coomassie brilliant blue method. The contents of IGF-I and TNF-α in the gastrocnemius muscle were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
Results After 1.8 weeks of different load resistance exercise, compared with the quiet control group, the skeletal muscle protein content of each exercise group increased, among which 50% of the largest negative recombination and 70% of the largest negative recombination was the most significant (P<0.01). Compared with 70% of the largest negative recombination, the 50% maximum negative recombination content was relatively high (P<0.05);

After 8 weeks of different load resistance exercise, compared with the quiet control group, the content of IGF-I in the gastrocnemius of each exercise group was higher than that of the quiet control group, and there was a very significant difference (P<0.01), and 50%. The highest negative recombination and 70% of the largest negative recombination content is the highest;
After 8 weeks of different load resistance exercise, compared with the quiet control group, the TNF-α content in the gastrocnemius muscle of the rats in each resistance exercise group increased slightly, and the increase of only 50% of the largest negative recombination was statistically significant (P<0.05), although there were differences between the exercise groups, there was no statistical significance (P>0.05).

Conclusions 50% of the maximum weight-bearing resistance training can effectively increase the skeletal muscle muscle protein content of aging SD rats, and it is related to up-regulation of IGF-I factor and down-regulation of TNF-α factor expression by resistance training.
PO-100 Analysis of Body Composition and Body Function of Athletes in Freestyle ski Half-pipe National Team
Authors: Li Lin , Wu Hao 
Published: October 2018

Objective The objectives were to analyze the body composition and body functions of the freestyle ski half-pipe national team athletes, to understand the body composition characteristics of the athletes , and to explore the relationship between body composition and body function in the sports program, in preparation for 2022 The Winter Olympics provides a theoretical reference.
Methods 9 members of the freestyle ski half-pipe national team were used as subjects (average age 15.78±0.97, exercise age 6.38±2.75), and they were tested and analyzed using an ultrasonic body composition tester and Wingate anaerobic power bike. Body composition test indicators: body fat rate, lean body mass. Body function test indicators: maximum anaerobic power. This paper uses literature, experimental and mathematical statistics. And the mathematical statistics method: using SPSS 2.0 to analyze the data by Pearson correlation.
Results 1. The body fat rate of male and female athletes in freestyle half-pipe national team was: 7.60±1.16; 19.75±1.25. The lean body mass of male and female athletes was: 53.8±1.85KG; 44.75±0.62KG.

The maximum anaerobic power of male and female athletes in freestyle half-pipe national team was: 453.80±17.87; 345.50±3.01.
The lean body mass of male athletes was significantly positively correlated with the maximum anaerobic power (r=0.995, P<0.01). Female athletes' lean body mass was positively correlated with maximum anaerobic power, but not significant.
There is no correlation between the body fat rate and the maximum anaerobic power of male and female athletes in the freestyle ski half-pipe national team.

Conclusions 1. Freestyle ski half-pipe players have a positive correlation between lean body mass and anaerobic capacity. According to the characteristics of the sports program, the higher lean body weight has a positive impact on improving the athletic ability and thus ensuring the completion of difficult movements.
2. Due to the relationship between athletes' age and sample size, the data in this paper is only a recommended reference for this sports program. It is not applicable to all programs. It is necessary to continue to supplement the data to establish a body composition evaluation system for the freestyle ski half-pipe team.
PO-019 Effects of Yin Yoga for Three Months on Insomnia in Menopausal Women
Authors: Shi Xiaoli 
Published: October 2018

Objective To assess changes in sleep quality before and after 3 months Yin yoga on insomnia in menopausal women,which provides a scientific and reliable theoretical basis for improving insomnia of menopausal women by doing Yin yoga exercise.
Methods Twenty menopausal women (year,48.16±3.66) with non-organic insomnia who volunteered for Yin yoga were selected. They all performed the same six poses of Yin yoga at 22:00 PM. Each pose lasted for 5min, 30 min each time, 5 times per week, and for 3 consecutive months. Before and after 3 month Yin yoga exercise, polysomnogram(PSG) and Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) were used to evaluate the improvement of insomnia.
Results After 3 months Yin yoga exercise, the sleep latency (SL), rem sleep latency (RL) and sleep efficiency (SE) of the insomniacs all improved, with statistically significant differences (P<0.05). Three months of Yin yoga exercise later, the Pittsburgh sleep quality index showed a significant difference in sleep scores compared with the start of exercise(P<0.01).
Conclusions Yin yoga exercise can improve insomnia in menopausal women and the effect is significant, worthy of promotion.
PO-023 The Effects of Aerobic Exercise on Alternative Splicing of PKC δI pre-mRNA
Authors: Shi Junzhen , Zhao Jinfeng , Bai Xuyang , Wu Baoai 
Published: October 2018

Objective Alternative splicing of genes is the main way to produce large numbers of proteins, but the mechanism is unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluated the effect of aerobic exercise on PKC δI pre-mRNA alternative splicing. Further, to explore the effect of aerobic exercise on SFRS10 concentration. Because the PKCδ1 is involved in the regulation of adipocyte differentiation and splice factor SFRS10 regulates alternative of PKCδ1, explore the mechanism of PKCδ1 alternative splicing, understand the role of the alternative splicing variants, to provide the theory basis for the mechanism of aerobic exercise reduce the incidence of obesity.
Methods C57BL/6 male mice were randomly divided into normal quiet group, normal exercise group, obese and quiet group, and obese exercise group. The exercise group performed aerobic exercise for 8 weeks. The intensity of aerobic exercise was: running platform slope is 0, speed 10 m/min, 1 h/time, 1 time/day, 6 times/week for a total of 8 weeks. Immediately after exercise, the cDNA was extracted from liver and adipose tissue. The contents of PKCδ1 and SFRS10 in liver and adipose tissue were determined by PCR and RT-PCR. Liver and fat were stained by oil red O staining to observe lipid droplet changes. And the mouse's Lee's index and blood lipids were determined.
Results Lee's index = 3√ (body weight * 1000) / body length, Lee's index of obese mice decreased significantly after aerobic exercise, in addition, after aerobic exercise, total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG) and low density Lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) also showed a downward trend (P < 0.05), while high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) increased (P < 0.05); oil red O staining results showed lipid droplets become smaller after aerobic exercise. The results of PCR and RT-PCR showed in the obese and quiet group than in the normal quiet group, the content of PKCδ1-FL decreased, the content of PKCδ1-△Exon9 increased, and the content of SFRS10 decreased. In the normal exercise group than in the normal quiet group and in the obese exercise group than in the obese and quiet group, the PKCδ1-FL content increased, the PKCδ1-△Exon9 content decreased, and the SFRS10 content increased.
Conclusions Aerobic exercise can significantly increase the content of PKCδ1-FL and SFRS10. PKCδ1-FL inhibits the formation of adipocytes, SFRS10 promotes the inclusion of PKCδ1 exon 9, and there is a molecular mechanism of alternative splicing between PKCδ1 and SFRS10.
PO-136 Cycling Incremental test using Breath-by-breath Metabolic Cart to Predict VO2 max
Authors: Wang Fei , Fu Haixia 
Published: October 2018

Objective Maximal oxygen uptake (VO2 max) is a key indicator to assess health as well as sports performance. In heterogeneous, athletic populations, VO2 max is one of the most frequently measured variables in exercise physiology laboratories. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between Maximal oxygen uptake with other metabolism parameters during one high-intensity activity, and provide simple solution for VO2 max prediction.
Methods A total of 27 young athletes were selected. The incremental test was performed on a cycle ergometer (Monark 874 E, Sweden). Participants warmed up for 5 min at 50 watts (W); thereafter, the power output was increased 125 W every 3 min until exhaustion, which was defined as the incapacity to maintain a pedal cadence above 60 revolution per minute (rpm). Oxygen uptake (V̇O2), carbon dioxide production (V̇CO2) and other metabolism indexes were obtained breath-by-breath throughout the test using a metabolic cart (Quark b2, COSMED, Italy). Heart rate (HR) was measured throughout the test using a HR monitor (Polar Vantage NV, Finland). The main method in the VO2 prediction is the use of a mixed effects regression model. The potential explanatory variables include VO2kg (functional data with information on oxygen consumption per kg weight during the test), HR (functional data with heart rate information during the test), MHR (maximum heart rate of the athlete), VO2kgmean (average oxygen consumption during the test), VO2kgmax (maximum oxygen consumption value during the test), VCO2 (carbon dioxide emissions per minute during the test), HRmean (heart rate average), HRmax (maximum heart rate value during the test), age, height, weight. The model statistical analyses were implemented in R platform (version 3.3.3).
Results (1) regression model results revealed MHR did not have stronger effects on VO2 max prediction. (2) Parameters of VO2kg, HR, HRmean, height, weight showed relative higher r2 values and lower RMSE values indicating the possible indexes for VO2 max prediction. (3) the interaction effects occurred between indicators which increase the complexity of the model.
Conclusions In this study, a simple methodology for the prediction of maximum oxygen consumption has been presented. It combines a relatively simple level of base metabolism parameters. Despite the easy test and low level of exercise required the test provides an rational prediction of VO2 max, which could provide necessary information when it applied as a simple way.
PO-152 The effects of 4 weeks training mediates apelin on the p-AMPK(Thr172)/AMPK ratio in skeletal muscle of mice
Authors: Li Tieying , Zhang Ying 
Published: October 2018

Objective To investigate the effects of 4 weeks aerobic exercise mediates apelin on the p-AMPK(Thr172)/AMPK ratio in skeletal muscle of mice.
Methods The C57BL/6J wild type mice(n=40) were randomly divided into four groups: control group (WC), exercise group (WE), apelin injection control group (AC) and apelin injection exercise group (AE), with 10 mice in each group. Apelin injection group mice were intraperitoneally injected with apelin (0.1 μmol/kg/day) for 4 weeks. At the same time, the exercise groups mice underwent 60min/day treadmill running with a slope of 5°at the speed of 15m/min for 2 weeks, and the speed was adjusted to 20m/min in the later 2 weeks. 48 h after the final exercise session quadriceps muscles were harvest. The protein expression of apelin, APJ, AMPKα and p-AMPKα (Thr172) in skeletal muscle was determined by Western Blot.
Results (1) Compared with WC group, the protein expression of apelin , APJ and p-AMPKα (Thr172)/AMPKα ratio in AC group skeletal muscle of mice were increased;
(2) Compared with WE group , the p-AMPKα (Thr172) / AMPKα ratio in AE group skeletal muscle of mice were increased.
Conclusions Apelin supplementation for 4 weeks can up-regulate AMPK protein activity in skeletal muscle both in sedentary group and exercise group.
PO-155 Comparison of effects of different exercise modes on rat gastrocnemius muscle
Authors: Liu Xiujuan , Zhang Nianyun 
Published: October 2018

Objective To explore the effects of different exercise patterns on gastrocnemius weight.
Methods Forty-eight SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups, which were quiet control group (Con), continuous exercise group (CE), high-intensity intermittent exercise group (HIIT) and ladder exercise group (LE). After 8 weeks of exercise training, each group was anesthetized and samples were collected for testing. The body weight and gastrocnemius weight of each group were recorded. The cross-sectional area (CSA) of ​​gastrocnemius muscle was observed by HE staining. The levels of MSTN and insulin in serum were detected by ELISA. The expressions of MSTN, IGF1 and p70S6K in rat gastrocnemius muscle were detected by Western blot.
Results Compared with group Con, the body weights of the three exercise groups were significantly lower, and the weight of the gastrocnemius muscles in group CE was significantly lower. Morphological observation of gastrocnemius showed that the cross-sectional area of ​​the gastrocnemius muscle in group CE was significantly decreased, compared with group Con, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the gastrocnemius muscle in group LE was significantly increased. There was no significant change in the cross-sectional area of ​​the gastrocnemius muscle in group HIIT. The ELISA results showed that serum GDF8 levels were significantly decreased in the three exercise groups compared with group Con, while the insulin levels were not significantly changed. Compared with group Con, the expression of GDF8 protein in the gastrocnemius muscle of the group LE was significantly decreased, while the protein expression of IGF1 and P70S6K was significantly increased. The protein expression of the gastrocnemius P70S6K in group CE was also significantly increased.
Conclusions Although the three exercise modes can significantly reduce the body weight of rats, only HIIT and LE improve the gastrocnemius muscle mass index. CE significantly reduced the body weight and cross-sectional area of ​​the gastrocnemius muscle. Although the protein expression of P70S6K was increased, there was no significant effect on the protein expression of GDF8 and IGF1. Ladder movement may increase the gastrocnemius cross-sectional area by reducing MSTN and increasing protein expression of IGF1 and P70S6K.
PO-164 Effect of exercise intervention on appetite regulating hormones in obese children
Authors: Liao Jingwen , Hu Min 
Published: October 2018

Objective Obesity in children usually develops from early age and is due to chronic energy imbalance, and long-term exercise has been shown to have the capacity to alter the sensitivity of the appetite regulatory system. Therefore, the current study was designed to examine the circulating levels of appetite regulating hormones after exercise intervention in obese children.
Methods 24 obese children were subjected to exercise training program lasted for 6 weeks, and eating behavior of the children were evaluated using the Children Eating Behavior Questionnaire (CEBQ) before and after intervention. Plasma leptin and ghrelin were also determined using ELISA kits.
Results Circulating levels of cholesterol, triglycerides, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were also decreased with significant difference (P<0.05), while high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was significantly increased (P<0.05). Fasting plasma glucose was also decrease but with no significant difference. The level of leptin was decreased after 6 weeks intervention with no statistical significance, while the circulating level of ghrelin was significantly enhanced (P<0.05). The scores of FR and EF were significantly decreased (P<0.05) after intervention. No significant change was found on SR and SE of CEBQ, even though they were observed increased compared with that of baseline.
Conclusions The current study found that there were obvious effects of 6 weeks exercise intervention on appetite regulating hormones and subjective appetite changes in obese children.
PO-166 Neuromuscular Fatigue after maximal Concentric and Eccentric Contractions of Knee Extensor
Authors: Xu Shenpeng , Wang Ying , Chen Wan 
Published: October 2018

Objective The aim of this study was to investigate after different maximal contractions concentric and eccentric would cause different neuromuscular fatigue of knee extensor.
Methods Ten healthy young men(21≤age≤24) who were not adapted by electrical stimulation were the subjects.The subjects were asked to arrive at the laboratory in three weeks at the same time of every week to avoid the effects of biological rhythms.Each subject performed three group maximal contractions on the ISOMED2000 isokinetic muscle tester according to the requirements.The subjects performed the same neuromuscular function test before and after exercise.The centripetal motion scheme:3*30,M1(knee flexion)-CON,M2(knee extension)-CON.angular velocity is 60 °,interval 30s in each group.Centrifugal motion scheme:3*30,M1(knee flexion)-ECC,M2(knee extension)-ECC.angular velocity is 60 °,interval 30s in each group.
Results The decrease rate of peak torque after concentric exercise was 55.93±13.20%, which was significantly higher than that after centrifugal exercise (20.06 ±11.06%, P < 0.01)The total work of the concentric movement was 8737.20±1543.43J, which was significantly smaller than that of the centrifugal exercise group (14312.20±2978.31J, P < 0. 01).The decline rate of MVC in concentric exercise was 24.89 ±10.54 and that in centrifugal exercise was 19.32±9.90,there was no significant difference between the two groups. Double Twitch induced a very significant decrease in PT-SSR RFD-SSN RHD-SS (P<0.01).There was no significant difference in VA decline rate.PAP decreased from 142.82±14.55% to 125.23±11.36 after concentric exercise, and after eccentric exercise PAP decreased from 141.1215.72% to 126.02 ±10.45.
Conclusions The neuromuscular fatigue caused by two kinds of exercise. Peripheral fatigue accounted for 39.19% after concentric exercise and 23.59% after centrifugal exercise,but there was little difference in the degree of central fatigue.All of them showed low frequency fatigue, and the low frequency fatigue after centrifugal exercise was more obvious.
Key World:Neuromuscular fatigue; Electrical stimulation; High-frequency fatigue; Low-frequency fatigue; PAP.
PO-189 Cardiac autonomic recovery from an acute bout of cardio pulmonary exercise test
Authors: Yin Honggang 
Published: October 2018

Objective Heart rate variability (HRV) is a non-invasive clinical indicator of cardiovascular health, to date there has been little agreement on what HRV recovery following exercise. The present study aimed to evaluate the acute effects of cardio pulmonary exercise test (CPET) on cardiac autonomic activity in adolescent individuals.
Methods Fifty-two healthy participants (Male=26, age: 20.31±1.49 years, height: 176±5.67 cm, body mass: 69.08±10.27 kg. Female=26, age: 20.62±0.98 years, height: 162.46±5.39 cm, body mass: 53.42±7.31 kg) underwent CEPT measurements of HRmax and VO2peak. Tests were performed on the Master Screen CPX model according to the Bruce protocol (JAEGER, Germany). Predicted peak heart rate was calculated as 220-age. HRV measurements were collected using the SphygmoCor device (AtCor Medical, Australia) at baseline, 5, 30 and 60 min after the CPET. Differences between groups were assessed using an independent t-test. The HRV variables were analyzed using a 2-factor [sex (male, female); time (Baseline, Post-5min, Post-30min, Post-60min)] repeated-measures ANOVA.
Results There were significant differences in VO2peak (51.09±4.41 vs. 37.59±3.62 ml min-1 kg-1) (P<0.05), RPE (ratings of perceived exertion)、RER (respiratory exchange ratio) were similar between groups (P>0.05). There were significant increases (P<0.01) in heart rate, markers of sympathetic activity (nLF) and sympathovagal balance (nLF/nHF) for 60 min after the CEPT trial, there were also significant decreases (P<0.01) in markers of vagal tone (RMMSD, nHF) for 60 min. There were no significant interactions between groups from rest to recovery from maximal exercise for any HRV variables. The overall change in ln LF/HF was of greater proportion in male participants(P<0.05) within 5 min.
Conclusions Our findings indicate that the change of autonomic recovery was difference between male and female within 5 min, and it takes longer than 60 min to recover following an acute bout of CPET trial.
PO-197 Effects of aerobic exercise training on F13A-mediated energy metabolism in mice
Authors: Wang Yangwenjie , Zhang Ying 
Published: October 2018

Objective Apelin, an adipokine and also a myokine, is involved in energy metabolism. F13A is an analog of apelin-13. In this study, we aim to investigate the effect of aerobic exercise on F13A-mediated energy metabolism in mice.
Methods 20 C57BL/6J wild mice were randomly divided into 4 groups(n:5), namely saline control group(SC), saline exercise group(SE), F13A control group(FC), and F13A exercise group(FE). Mice were intraperitoneally injected with F13A(0.2 μmol/kg/day) or saline(15 μl/kg/day). Mice in the exercise group underwent 60 min/day treadmill running at a speed of 15 m/min with a slope of 5 º. After 2 weeks, the maximal oxygen uptake was measured and the running speed was adjusted to 20 m/min. The treadmill running continued 4 weeks. The mice were individually housed in a Comprehensive Lab Animal Monitoring System(Columbus Instruments, Columbus, OH, USA) between the 3rd and 4th week of training with free access to food and water. O2 consumption(VO2), CO2 production(VCO2) and respiratory exchange ratio(RER) during a 24-h period were measured after 24h of acclimatization. Glucose oxidation(in g/min/kg0.75=[(4.545×VCO2)−(3.205×VO2)]/1000), and lipid oxidation(in g/min/kg0.75=[1.672×(VO2−VCO2)]/1000) were calculated.
Results F13A alone increased glucose oxidation(P<0.01, vs SC group). Exercise plus F13A caused a significant decline in RER(P<0.01 vs FC and P<0.05 vs SE group), glucose oxidation(P<0.001 vs FC and P<0.05 vs SE group), whereas it increased lipid oxidation(P<0.05 in comparison with FC group). Exercise alone has no in fluence on 4 groups.
Conclusions These findings suggest that 4 weeks aerobic exercise can regulate F13A reduce RER in mice, with a decrease of glucose oxidation and an increase of lipid oxidation in vivo.