bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Does ICT Usage Erode Routine Occupations at the Firm Level?
Authors: Böckerman Petri , Laaksonen Seppo , Vainiomäki Jari 
Published: September 2018

AbstractWe show that disappearing routine work can be linked to firm‐level ICT usage. Our results for the increasing abstract and declining routine occupation shares of total wage bill are consistent with job polarization at the firm level. The observed changes coincide with the usage of ICT in firms. These results are based on decompositions and regression analyses that evaluate the hollowing‐out of routine occupations and job polarization at the firm level.
Hepcidin‐25/erythroferrone ratio predicts improvement of anaemia in haemodialysis patients treated with ferric citrate hydrate
Authors: Hara Masaki , Nakamura Yuya , Suzuki Hiroki , Asao Rin , Nakamura Masayuki , Nishida Kazumasa , Kenmotsu Sachiyo , Inagaki Masahiro , Tsuji Mayumi , Kiuchi Yuji , Ohsawa Isao , Goto Yoshikazu , Gotoh Hiromichi 
Published: September 2018

ABSTRACTBackground/AimsHepcidin‐25 (HEP‐25) and erythroferrone (ERFE) are key regulators of iron homeostasis. Correlations among serum ferritin, ERFE and HEP‐25 levels and improvements in anaemia have not been evaluated after administration of ferric citrate hydrate (FCH).MethodsThis retrospective observational study investigated 24 patients on haemodialysis with both anaemia (haemoglobin (Hb) < 12 g/dL) and hyperphosphatemia (inorganic phosphorus ≥6 mg/dL). The patients who were administered FCH (1500 mg/day) for 12 consecutive weeks and 12 control patients who were administered a phosphate binder other than FCH were included. Correlations among Hb, HEP‐25 and ERFE levels were studied. We then stratified the FCH group into two subgroups using the median baseline values of ferritin, HEP‐25, ERFE and HEP‐25/ERFE ratio to predict whether these markers could serve as prognostic indicators in the treatment of anaemia.ResultsIn the FCH group, Hb, transferrin saturation, ferritin, HEP‐25 and ERFE levels were all significantly increased, while inorganic phosphorus levels, dosage of erythropoietin‐stimulating agent, and erythropoietin resistance index were all significantly decreased after drug administration. A significant inverse correlation was apparent between Hb and HEP‐25 levels, and a significant positive correlation was seen between Hb and ERFE levels. A significant inverse correlation was found between HEP‐25 and serum ERFE levels. Compared with the high HEP‐25/ERFE ratio group, only the low HEP‐25/ERFE ratio group exhibited significantly increased Hb levels at 12 weeks.ConclusionHEP‐25/ERFE ratio could be a novel prognostic marker for increases in Hb levels following FCH administration.
Further evidence for the role of WNT10A, WNT10B and GREM2 as candidate genes for isolated tooth agenesis
Authors: Magruder Sonia , Carter Emily , Williams Meredith A. , English Jeryl , Akyalcin Sercan , Letra Ariadne 
Published: September 2018

Structured AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the association of single nucleotide variants in the candidate genes WNT10A, WNT10B and GREM2 with isolated tooth agenesis.Setting and sample populationA total of 435 Caucasian individuals (88 cases with isolated tooth agenesis and 347 unrelated controls) were ascertained at the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Dentistry. Clinical and radiographic examination by orthodontists confirmed the diagnosis of tooth agenesis. Genetic evaluation excluded syndromic forms of tooth agenesis.Materials and methodsSaliva samples were collected as source of genomic DNA. Fourteen variants in/nearby WNT10A, WNT10B and GREM2 were genotyped to test for association with tooth agenesis. Genotyping was performed using TaqMan chemistry in a real‐time polymerase chain reaction assay. Allelic and haplotype frequencies were compared among cases and controls using chi‐square tests as implemented in PLINK v.1.06. Bonferroni correction was used and P ≤ 0.004 indicates statistical differences between groups.ResultsSignificant associations were found between individual SNPs and SNP combinations in WNT10A, WNT10B and GREM2 SNPs with isolated tooth agenesis (P < 0.004).ConclusionOur findings further support a role for variants in WNT10A, WNT10B and GREM2 genes in the aetiology of isolated tooth agenesis. Functional studies are necessary to investigate the biological effects of these gene variants in tooth agenesis phenotypes.
Emotional competence: A core competence in gerontological nursing in Iran
Authors: Bahrami Masoud , Purfarzad Zahra , Keshvari Mahrokh , Rafiei Mohammad , Sivertsen Nina 
Published: September 2018

AbstractAim and objectivesDefining the components of emotional competence in caring for older people in Iranian hospitals.BackgroundPeople of older age are the largest recipients of healthcare services in hospitals. Thus, it is essential to establish what characteristics of emotional competence are required for nursing older people.DesignThis qualitative descriptive‐exploratory study was conducted in Iran from September 2015 to April 2016.MethodsSemi‐structured interviews were conducted with 25 participants (nine nurses, 12 nurse managers, four clinical instructors), chosen by purposive and snowball sampling based on saturation. Data were analysed by content analysis method.ResultsQualitative content analysis identified two core categories and seven subcategories from the data: (a) Individual emotional competence with five subcategories of positive attitude, spiritual maturity, emotional self‐control, adherence to professional ethics and creativity and innovation, and (b) social emotional competence with two subcategories of relationship management and compassionate care.ConclusionEmotional competence was identified as one of the main components of nursing skills when caring for older people. Gerontological nurses should demonstrate emotional competence in caring for older people and include a positive attitude, spiritual maturity, emotional self‐control, adherence to professional ethics, creativity in care, successful relationship management and compassionate care in their practice.Implications for practiceThese findings can be used to guide development of emotional competencies for nursing older people.
Delirium detection by a novel bispectral electroencephalography device in general hospital
Authors: Shinozaki Gen , Chan Aubrey C. , Sparr Nicholas A , Zarei Kasra , Gaul Lindsey N. , Heinzman Jonathan T. , Robles Julian , Yuki Kumi , Chronis Theodosis J. , Ando Timothy , Wong Terrence , Sabbagh Sayeh , Weckmann Michelle T. , Lee Sangil , Yamada Thoru , Karam Matthew D. , Noiseux Nicolas O. , Shinozaki Eri , Cromwell John W. 
Published: September 2018

AimDelirium is common and dangerous among elderly inpatients; yet, it is underdiagnosed and thus undertreated. This study aimed to test the diagnostic characteristics of a noninvasive point‐of‐care device with two‐channel (bispectral) electroencephalography (EEG) for the screening of delirium in the hospital.MethodsPatients admitted to the University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics were assessed for the presence of delirium with a clinical assessment, the Confusion Assessment Method for Intensive Care Unit and Delirium Rating Scale. Subsequently, we obtained a 10‐min bispectral EEG (BSEEG) recording from a hand‐held electroencephalogram device during hospitalization. We performed power spectral density analysis to differentiate between those patients with and without delirium.ResultsInitially 45 subjects were used as a test dataset to establish a cut‐off. The BSEEG index was determined to be a significant indicator of delirium, with sensitivity 80% and specificity 87.7%. An additional independent validation dataset with 24 patients confirmed the validity of the approach, with a sensitivity of 83.3% and specificity of 83.3%.ConclusionIn this pilot study, the BSEEG method was able to distinguish delirious patients from non‐delirious patients. Our data showed the feasibility of this technology for mass screening of delirium in the hospital.
Interpretation of lymphocyte subset counts by the general pediatrician
Authors: Milioglou Ioannis , Kalaitzidou Ioanna , Ladomenou Fani 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe immune system poses one of the greatest challenges for the scientific community. The general pediatrician should be able to screen and identify an immunodeficient patient based on certain clinical indications. Further investigation is crucial for the distinction between primary or secondary immunodeficiency as well as for between cellular and humoral immunity defects. Full blood count is the best initial laboratory test when suspecting a primary immunodeficiency, focusing on the absolute lymphocyte count, while lymphocyte subset count offers the advantage of detecting the cell type that causes the immune defect. The aim of the present review was to guide the general pediatrician in the investigation and diagnosis of an immunodeficient patient. Even though an immunodeficiency may seem a very difficult disease to diagnose, a balanced and rational way of thinking, along with the help of modern technological advances, can easily guide us in the right direction.
The anger incentive delay task: A novel method for studying anger in neuroscience research
Authors: Angus Douglas Jozef , Harmon‐Jones Eddie 
Published: September 2018

AbstractUnlike other basic emotions, anger is relatively difficult to produce in the lab, with the most reliable methods involving elaborate and time‐consuming manipulations. These factors preclude the possibility of using them for studying short‐lived changes in neural activity associated with the subjective experience of anger. In this paper, we present a novel task that allows for the trial‐by‐trial manipulation of anger and the examination of associated ERPs. Participants completed an incentive delay task, in which accurate responses were rewarded with monetary gains (or breaking even, in a neutral condition), and inaccurate responses were punished with monetary losses. After participants received accuracy feedback, they received information that indicated the amount of money they won or lost on that trial. On a majority of trials, this amount was consistent with the feedback stimuli, while on a minority of trials this amount was inconsistent. Results indicated that participants reported the most anger after trials where goal pursuit was frustrated by monetary losses despite accurate responses. P3b amplitudes were greater for inconsistent outcomes than consistent outcomes, regardless of whether these resulted in unexpected gains or frustrating losses. On frustrating trials, P3b amplitudes were positively correlated with self‐reported anger. The same correlation was not observed for trials with stimuli that signaled surprise gains. Discussion focuses on the implications of these results.
Recent advances in pig reproduction: Focus on impact of genetic selection for female fertility
Authors: Kemp Bas , Da Silva Carolina L. A. , Soede Nicoline M. 
Published: September 2018

ContentsIn the past 30 years, sows have been successfully selected for a shorter weaning‐to‐oestrus interval and increased litter size. This review discusses the consequences of this selection for the reproductive physiology of sows, including the consequences for litter characteristics at birth. It also discusses breeding and management opportunities to deal with this changed genetics.
Comparison of different sucrose‐based extenders for stallion sperm vitrification in straws
Authors: Consuegra C. , Crespo F. , Dorado J. , Ortiz I. , Diaz‐Jimenez M. , Pereira B. , Hidalgo M. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractVitrification of sperm is based on high‐speed freezing by direct exposure to liquid nitrogen using non‐permeable cryoprotectants, mainly disaccharides; yet, the concentration of cryoprotectants has a species‐specific effect on the sperm cell. The aim of this study was to assess different sucrose concentrations for stallion sperm vitrification. Semen samples (n = 9) were collected from three stallions, centrifuged and resuspended to a concentration of 50 × 106 sperm/ml in a base extender (INRA96 + 1% of bovine serum albumin) with three different sucrose concentrations (Molar): 20 mM (S1), 100 mM (S2), or 200 mM (S3). Then, sperm were filled in covered 0.25 ml straws and directly plunged into liquid nitrogen. For warming, 0.25 ml straw was pulled out the covering straw and immersed in 3 ml of INRA96 at 43°C, with gentle pipetting to accelerate the melting. Total (TM, %) and progressive sperm motility (PM, %) were analysed using computer‐assisted sperm analysis. Plasma (PMI, %) and acrosome membrane integrity (AIS, %) were assessed under epifluorescence microscopy. Post‐warmed sperm parameters were compared between treatments by ANOVA. S2 showed significantly higher values in comparison with S1 and S3 for TM (S2 = 54.7 ± 5.5a; S1 = 29.1 ± 3.3b; S3 = 28.6 ± 3.0b; p < 0.001) and PM (S2 = 31.3 ± 3.8a; S1 = 18.5 ± 2.6b; S3 = 17.7 ± 2.9b; p < 0.01), respectively. No significant differences were found among treatments for PMI (S2 = 70.3 ± 5.2; S1 = 67.4 ± 4.3; S3 = 70.0 ± 3.7) neither for AIS (S2 = 57.1 ± 3.9; S1 = 53.9 ± 4.2; S3 = 57.0 ± 7.9). In conclusion, a concentration of 100 mM sucrose is recommended for stallion sperm vitrification in straws.
Reassessing the productivity gains from trade liberalization
Authors: Ahn JaeBin , Dabla‐Norris Era , Duval Romain , Hu Bingjie , Njie Lamin 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThis paper reassesses the impact of trade liberalization on productivity. We build a new, unique database of effective tariff rates at the country‐industry level for a broad range of countries over the past two decades. We then explore both the direct effect of liberalization in the sector considered, as well as its indirect impact in downstream industries via input linkages. Our findings point to a dominant role of the indirect input market channel in fostering productivity gains. A 1 percentage point decline in input tariffs is estimated to increase total factor productivity by about 2 percent in the sector considered. For advanced economies, the implied potential productivity gains from fully eliminating remaining tariffs are estimated at around 1 percent, on average, which do not factor in the presumably larger gains from removing existing non‐tariff barriers. Finally, we find suggestive evidence of complementarities between trade and FDI liberalization in boosting productivity. This calls for a broad liberalization agenda that cuts across different areas.
Asymptotics of partition functions in a fermionic matrix model and of related q‐polynomials
Authors: Dai Dan , Ismail Mourad E. H. , Wang Xiang‐Sheng 
Published: September 2018

AbstractIn this paper, we study asymptotics of the thermal partition function of a model of quantum mechanical fermions with matrix‐like index structure and quartic interactions. This partition function is given explicitly by a Wronskian of the Stieltjes‐Wigert polynomials. Our asymptotic results involve the theta function and its derivatives. We also develop a new asymptotic method for general q‐polynomials.
The Merchants of Oran
Authors: Schreier Joshua 
Published: September 2018

This book recounts the French conquest of Algeria by exploring the world of Oran’s influential Jewish merchants. Jacob Lasry, along with Mordecai Amar, Judah Sebbah and others, established themselves in this Mediterranean port after the Regency of Algiers dislodged the Spanish in 1792. They were part of a settlement hailing originally from Algerian and Moroccan cities and towns, Saharan Oases, and British Gibraltar. In newly Muslim Oran, they found opportunities to ply their trades, deal in goods brought in on caravans from the African interior, or export grain, cattle, or hides. On the eve of France’s long, chaotic, and brutal invasion of Algeria, Oran’s Jewish mercantile elite was well established, having made deals and formed partnerships with European consuls, Muslim traders, and local governors. Colonial officials and reformers boasted of bringing “emancipation” to those they called the “indigenous Jews,” but they actually depended on its mercantile elite to fund civic improvements and military campaigns, fill civic posts, and even disseminate “civilization.” As the French colonial order solidified, the merchants of Oran maintained their commercial, political, and social clout, demonstrating that the French conquest of Algeria did not instantly undo Oran’s pre-colonial order. Yet, by the 1840s, French policies began collapsing Oran’s diverse Jewish inhabitants into a single social category, legally separating Jews from their Muslim neighbors, and ranking them above Muslims in a new colonial hierarchy. France’s exclusionary process of “emancipation,” rather than older antipathies, planted the seeds of the twentieth century’s ruptures and violence.
Historia de una configuración profesional de urbanismo. Karl Brunner en Bogotá, 1933-1940*
Authors: Arango López Diego 
Published: September 2018

Desde principios de la década de 1930, la sociedad bogotana se vio confrontada con una nueva ocupación profesional conocida como urbanismo. Esta era compleja y se desarrollaba de maneras distintas en las ciudades del mundo. En este artículo se analiza la estrategia implementada por Karl Brunner y un grupo de técnicos y profesionales locales de la arquitectura y la ingeniería mediante la cual se establecieron las bases institucionales, académicas y profesionales de una configuración profesional de urbanistas en la capital colombiana. Se observa la composición del Departamento de Urbanismo, la creación y el uso de la revista académica Ingeniería y Arquitectura de la Universidad Nacional y la publicación y difusión del Manual de Urbanismo. Estos elementos fueron piezas clave de un mecanismo de acción mediante el cual logró constituirse en Bogotá una configuración profesional de urbanismo dominada por profesionales adeptos a las ideas de Karl Brunne
Hybrid Analytical and Experimental Method for Characterization of Thin Multilayer Bonded Structures Subject to Thermal Loading
Authors: Shirazi Alireza , Lu Hua , Varvani Ahmad 
Published: September 2018

This study is presenting a non-local closed-form solution for interfacial stress/strain and the warpage deformation for thin trilayer plate structures under thermal cycling.
Based on the theory of geometric scale dependency of the material behavior, the material properties of a thin multi-layer inter-bonded structures substantially differ from those determined based on the bulk material samples. Hence the real mechanical properties for such thin layers are often unavailable and difficult to obtain.
This paper puts forward a method to provide a solution for thermomechanical behavior of trilayer constituents with high accuracy at real scale. Present study demonstrates that the constitutive behavior of multilayer plate’s constituents can be inversely determined so long as the plate’s global deformation can be made available by measurement.
To achieve most accurate determination of the material properties, measurements with high accuracy is required. The paper also presents the advanced method of shadow moiré that have applied to obtain warpage deformation of real life trilayer test specimens under thermal cycling.
Using this method, the experimentally determined global deformation (warpage) of a trilayer structure were correlated with the analytical model solved for warpage deformation. The correlation was then progressively optimized to result in material properties of the constituents. The bonding layer properties are called determined, once the correlation reaches over 85%.
There exist a variety of different multilayer bonded structures, which are usually made with advanced manufacturing processes. Regardless of design layout and materials constitutive relations, the application can be implemented in characterizing multiply stacked trilayer structures.
Antimicrobial Resistance inClostridiumandBrachyspiraspp. and Other Anaerobes
Authors: Archambault Marie , Rubin Joseph E. 
Published: September 2018

ABSTRACTThis article describes the antimicrobial resistance to date of the most frequently encountered anaerobic bacterial pathogens of animals. The different sections show that antimicrobial resistance can vary depending on the antimicrobial, the anaerobe, and the resistance mechanism. The variability in antimicrobial resistance patterns is also associated with other factors such as geographic region and local antimicrobial usage. On occasion, the same resistance gene was observed in many anaerobes, whereas some were limited to certain anaerobes. This article focuses on antimicrobial resistance data of veterinary origin.
Enterotoxic Clostridia:
Clostridium perfringens
Enteric Diseases
Authors: Shrestha Archana , Uzal Francisco A. , McClane Bruce A. 
Published: September 2018

ABSTRACT

In humans and livestock,
Clostridium perfringens
is an important cause of intestinal infections that manifest as enteritis, enterocolitis, or enterotoxemia. This virulence is largely related to the toxin-producing ability of
C. perfringens
. This article primarily focuses on the
C. perfringens
type F strains that cause a very common type of human food poisoning and many cases of nonfoodborne human gastrointestinal diseases. The enteric virulence of type F strains is dependent on their ability to produce
C. perfringens
enterotoxin (CPE). CPE has a unique amino acid sequence but belongs structurally to the aerolysin pore-forming toxin family. The action of CPE begins with binding of the toxin to claudin receptors, followed by oligomerization of the bound toxin into a prepore on the host membrane surface. Each CPE molecule in the prepore then extends a beta-hairpin to form, collectively, a beta-barrel membrane pore that kills cells by increasing calcium influx. The
cpe
gene is typically encoded on the chromosome of type F food poisoning strains but is encoded by conjugative plasmids in nonfoodborne human gastrointestinal disease type F strains. During disease, CPE is produced when
C. perfringens
sporulates in the intestines. Beyond type F strains,
C. perfringens
type C strains producing beta-toxin and type A strains producing a toxin named CPILE or BEC have been associated with human intestinal infections.
C. perfringens
is also an important cause of enteritis, enterocolitis, and enterotoxemia in livestock and poultry due to intestinal growth and toxin production.