bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Systematic Search for Rapid Transients in the Subaru HSC-SSP Transient Survey
Authors: Toshikage Seiji , Tanaka Masaomi , Yasuda Naoki , Moriya Takashi J. , Takahashi Ichiro , Jiang Ji-an , Kokubo Mitsuru , Matsumoto Naoki , Maeda Keiichi , Morokuma Tomoki , Suzuki Nao , Tominaga Nozomu 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Recent high-cadence transient surveys have discovered rapid transients whose light-curve timescales are shorter than those of typical supernovae (SNe). In this paper, we present a systematic search for rapid transients at medium-high redshifts among 3381 SNe candidates obtained from the Hyper Suprime-Cam Subaru Strategic Program transient survey. We developed a machine learning classifier to classify the SN candidates into four types (Type Ia, Ibc, II SNe and rapid transients) based on the features derived from the light curves. By applying this classifier to the 3381 SN candidates and by further applying the quality cut, we selected 14 rapid transient samples. They are located at a wide range of redshifts (0.34 ≤ z ≤ 1.85) and show a wide range of the peak absolute magnitude (−17 ≥ M ≥ −22). The event rate of the rapid transients is estimated to be ∼6 × 103 events yr−1 Gpc−3 at z ∼ 0.74, which corresponds to about 2% of the event rate of normal core-collapse SNe at a similar redshift. Based on the luminosity and color evolution, we selected two candidates of Type Ibn SNe at z ∼ 0.75. The event rate of Type Ibn SN candidates is more than 1% of Type Ib SN rate at the same redshift, suggesting that this fraction of massive stars at this redshift range eruptively ejects their He-rich envelope just before the explosions. Also, two objects at z = 1.37 and 1.85 show high luminosities comparable to superluminous SNe. Their event rate is about 10%–25% of superluminous SNe at z ∼ 2.
The Rise of Nova V1674 Herculis
Authors: Quimby Robert M. , Metzger Brian D. , Shen Ken J. , Shafter Allen W. , Corbett Hank , Overton Madeline 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Observational constraints on classical novae are heavily biased to phases near optical peak and later because of the simple fact that novae are not typically discovered until they become bright. The earliest phases of brightening, coming before discovery, are typically missed, but this is changing with the proliferation of wide-field optical monitoring systems including the Zwicky Transient Facility, All-Sky Automated Survey for Supernovae, and Evryscope. Here, we report on unprecedented observations of the fast nova V1674 Her beginning >10 mag below its optical peak and including high-cadence (2 minutes) observations that chart a rise of ∼8 mag in just 5 hr. Two clear breaks are identified as the light curve transitions first from rising slowly to rising rapidly, followed by a transition to an even faster, nearly linear rate of increasing flux with time. The depths of the observations allow us to place tight constraints on the size of the photosphere under the assumption of blackbody emission from a white dwarf emitting at its Eddington luminosity. We find that the white dwarf was unlikely to have overflowed its Roche lobe prior to the launch of a fast wind, which poses a challenge for explaining the Fermi γ-ray detections as the interaction of a fast wind with a slow torus of gas stripped from the inflated white dwarf envelope by the companion. High-cadence observations of novae from Evryscope and the planned Argus Array can record the diversity of rising nova light curves and help resolve how the interplay between thermonuclear fusion, binary interaction, and shocks power their earliest light.
Mercury Spectrophotometric Modeling Using MESSENGER Data
Authors: Björn Vesa , Muinonen Karri , Penttilä Antti , Domingue Deborah 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Mercury is covered by a regolith that affects how light is scattered from the planet’s surface. To deduce the physical properties of Mercury’s regolith, we use spectrophotometry from the Mercury Dual Imaging System instrument of NASA’s MErcury Surface, Space ENvironment, GEochemistry and Ranging mission. The data come in eight colors in wavelengths of 433.2–996.2 nm, with phase angles of 20°–125°. A theoretical particulate-medium model is used to interpret the observed reflectance. The model includes a shadowing correction that depends on three geometry parameters of the regolith, allowing for the retrieval of the physical regolith structure from the spectrophotometry. The most important parameter is the packing density v, while the other two parameters describe the regolith’s roughness as a fractional Brownian motion surface: the Hurst exponent H in the horizontal and the amplitude σ in the vertical direction. The numerical implementation of the model includes a set of discrete parameter values, which we extend by using trilinear interpolation: 0.15–0.55 for v, 0.20–0.80 for H, and 0.00–0.10 for σ. We optimize the model parameters in the least-squares sense using the Nelder–Mead simplex method followed by Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) sampling. Our results indicate that Mercury’s regolith is densely packed (v = 0.547 ± 0.004) with moderate horizontal variations (H = 0.606 ± 0.009) and large height variations (σ = 0.0998 ± 0.0003). The MCMC solution allows us to predict the spectrophotometry for differing viewing geometries. Future work includes improving the implementation of the model by increasing the packing density values.
Mobilité thérapeutique ultramarine La Réunion-Hexagone dans le cadre de traitements de haute technicité : récits d’expérience
Authors: Franchina Loreley , Sarradon-Eck Aline 
Published: November 2024

À La Réunion, comme dans d’autres territoires ultramarins, les personnes qui nécessitent un traitement de haute technicité sont transférées dans des services hospitaliers hyperspécialisés de l’Hexagone. Cette mobilité thérapeutique ultramarine s’effectue à l’intérieur d’une frontière politique nationale et elle est financée par l’État français. Néanmoins, elle conduit les patient·e·s à traverser des frontières géographiques et socio-culturelles qui les éloignent de leur milieu familial, social et culturel. Cet article propose une « description dense » de plusieurs conséquences de la mobilité thérapeutique ultramarine par le récit de l’« expérience vécue » de patient·e·s. qui ont subi une allogreffe de cellules souches hématopoïétiques. Cette expérience est façonnée par les questions financières implicites à la délocalisation des soins, par les problèmes logistiques et administratifs non prévisibles ou non pensés par l’institution, par les compétences en mobilité requises, par la souffrance et le dépaysement provoqués par l’éloignement. La parentalité se révèle être un des enjeux majeurs dans le vécu du transfert sanitaire.
La limitation des transferts et des évacuations sanitaires de patients comoriens vers Mayotte et La Réunion : une opération fondamentalement politique ?
Authors: Vega Anne 
Published: November 2024

Cet article porte sur les déplacements sanitaires de patients depuis les trois îles de l’Union comorienne vers les départements français de Mayotte et de La Réunion. Prenant appui sur une étude ethnographique collective, il explore les expériences de déplacement, légal ou non, du point de vue des patients et des professionnels les prenant en charge et interroge la légitimité de l’accès aux soins : il s’agit de mieux comprendre, d’une part, les logiques de parcours de soins contrastés socialement dans ces territoires où les inégalités sociales de santé continuent à se creuser et, d’autre part, de questionner (les effets de) l’aide à la coopération.
Comparison of Functional Outcomes of Unilateral Periarticular Locking Plate, Hybrid Dual Plates, and Classic Dual Buttress Plates in the Treatment of Bicondylar Tibial Plateau Fractures
Authors: Hung Chen-Yu , Shen Po-Yin , Chen Jian-Chih , Su Yu-De , Lee Tien-Ching 
Published: November 2024

Background:
Bicondylar tibial plateau fractures (TPFs) present challenges in management due to articular surface involvement and soft-tissue complexities. The optimal fixation method for these fractures remains unclear.

Objectives:
This study aimed to compare the functional outcomes of bicondylar TPFs treated with unilateral periarticular locking plates, hybrid dual plates (locking plate and buttress plate), or classic dual buttress plates.

Materials and Methods:
A retrospective cohort study was conducted on 59 patients with bicondylar TPFs (Schatzker types V and VI) treated at three Level I trauma centers between 2008 and 2015. Functional outcomes were assessed using the Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS) Knee Score and the Oxford Knee Score.

Results:
Locking plate groups (unilateral and hybrid) demonstrated a higher percentage of excellent outcomes in HSS Knee Scores at 3 and 6 months postoperatively (p = 0.0291 and p = 0.0446, respectively) and Oxford Knee Scores at 6 months (p = 0.0253) compared to the classic dual buttress plate group. Unilateral plating showed a significantly higher percentage of excellent HSS scores at 6 months.

Conclusions:
The use of locking plates, either unilateral or hybrid, is associated with a higher likelihood of achieving excellent functional outcomes in bicondylar TPFs at 3 and 6 months postoperatively.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level III evidence, indicating a retrospective comparative study.
A Case of Metastatic Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer with Tumor Mutation Burden-high Presented Remarkable Response to Atezolizumab
Authors: Kijima Atsuhiro , Matsumoto Takashi , Shiota Masaki , Tsukahara Shigehiro , Blas Leandro , Inokuchi Junichi , Hayashi Tetsutaro , Ikeda Kenichiro , Hinata Nobuyuki , Hinoi Takao , Ando Yayoi , Eto Masatoshi 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT
The anti-PD-1 antibody pembrolizumab has been demonstrated to be effective for unresectable solid tumors with high-tumor mutation burden (TMB). However, the evidence for the benefit of anti-PD-L1 antibody for prostate cancer is scare. In this case report, a patient with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer treated with life-prolonging agents including androgen receptor signaling inhibitors and taxanes was treated with the anti-PD-L1 antibody atezolizumab for TMB-high in the BELIEVE trial (jRCTs031190104). After initiation of atezolizumab, the prostate-specific antigen level decreased and a durable partial objective response was achieved. The findings of this case support the treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors for TMB-high prostate cancer.
Evaluating the Impact of Smoking on Lung Cancer Development through Spirometric Assessment
Authors: Mathur Tanuj , Chaitanya Perugu Damodara Krishna , Kumar Bipin 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related mortality globally, with smoking identified as the primary risk factor. Spirometry, traditionally used to assess respiratory conditions, may also predict lung cancer development among smokers. This study aims to evaluate the relationship between smoking status, spirometric measures, and lung cancer incidence to ascertain if spirometric parameters can serve as predictors of lung cancer development.

Materials and Methods:
In a cross-sectional study, 100 participants aged 40–75 were categorized into three groups: current smokers, former smokers, and never smokers. Each participant underwent spirometric testing to measure forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1). The incidence of lung cancer was documented, and hazard ratios (HRs) for developing lung cancer were calculated using Cox proportional hazards models and adjusted for age, gender, and baseline lung function.

Results:
Lung cancer was diagnosed in 14% of current smokers, 6% of former smokers, and 2.08% of never smokers. Significant declines in spirometric measures were noted, particularly among current smokers, with annual FEV1 and FVC reductions exceeding those in nonsmokers. HRs revealed a significantly higher risk of developing lung cancer for current smokers compared to never smokers (HR = 5.1, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.6–16.3, P = 0.006), while the risk for former smokers, although elevated, did not reach statistical significance (HR = 2.8, 95% CI: 0.8–9.7, P = 0.10).

Conclusion:
The results indicate a strong association between smoking, spirometric impairment, and increased lung cancer risk. Incorporating spirometric testing into lung cancer screening protocols could help identify individuals at high risk earlier, especially among smokers. These findings underscore the potential of spirometry as a noninvasive screening tool in the early detection of lung cancer, warranting further longitudinal studies to validate these outcomes.
Study of gamma spectroscopy and radiological health hazards of primordial radionuclides in granite samples of district Swabi, Pakistan
Authors: Khan Jamil , Ali Ayaz , Waseem Muhammed , Shoukat Amar 
Published: November 2024

This research evaluates natural radioactivity levels of Primordial Radionuclides 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K and the associated radiological hazards in granite samples of District Swabi, Pakistan. This was accomplished by employing a High Purity Germanium (HPGe) gamma-ray detector, and a total of 20 granite samples were analysed. Average specific activity levels were determined to be 4.470, 11.812, and 140.738 Bq/kg for 232Th, 226Ra, and 40K, respectively. As a result, a total average activity of 157.021 Bq/kg was found in the Swabi granite samples. Given their possible health risks, such as cancer, and the long-term effects of continual exposure through breathing, it is critical to investigate the radiological dangers posed by these primordial radionuclides. 232Th activity is 3%, 226Ra is 7%, and 40K is 90% of the total. The measured activity concentrations were then used to determine the radium equivalent, the excessive lifetime cancer risk, and different indoor and outdoor radiological hazard indices. The estimated values for these indices were discovered to be well within the safe ranges advised by the United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation (UNSCEAR). As a result, the study found that granite from the Swabi district is considered safe for construction use.
Bioética Interseccional en América Latina
Authors: Ortúzar María Graciela de , Rodríguez Garat Cintia 
Published: November 2024

El objetivo del trabajo es interpelar las corrientes tradicionales de la bioética, en las cuáles subyacen ideales abstractos de imparcialidad, ciudadanía universal y autonomía absoluta; confrontando las mismas desde el conocimiento situado y el reconocimiento de la matriz de dominación interseccional vigente en América Latina. Se busca indagar cómo transformar las desigualdades múltiples, repolitizando la justicia interseccional, el agenciamiento político en momentos críticos de avances y colonización de nuestros bienes comunes. Nuestra propuesta final es una bioética crítica interseccional, representativa y participativa, que incluya de manera no subordinada las voces y saberes otros, enfocada en nuestras necesidades regionales, promoviendo nuestra autonomía relacional y el cuidado para la vida, en y para nuestros territorios, comunidades, y generaciones futuras.
اثر برنامج ارشادي لتخفيف الافلاس العاطفي لدى المعنفات من طالبات الجامعة المتزوجات
Authors: Prof. Huda Abdel Razzaq Muhammad Al-Jandil (Ph.D.)  
Published: November 2024

هدفت الدراسة الى تحديد تأثير برنامج ارشادي لتخفيف الافلاس العاطفي لدى المعنفات من طالبات الجامعة المتزوجات، وقد استخدمت الباحثة منهج البحث التجريبي ،ولاختبار فرضية البحث استخدمت الباحثة التصميم التجريبي للمجموعتين التجريبية و الضابطة ذات الاختبار البعدي ، وتكونت عينة البحث من (60) طالبة تم توزيعهن الى مجموعتين متكافئتين ، بواقع (30) طالبة في كل مجموعة و بعد إجراءات التكافؤ بين المجموعتين في المتغيرات (العمر و الافلاس العاطفي) قامت الباحثة بتطبيق البرنامج الارشادي باسلوب اليقظة الذهنية لتخفيف الافلاس العاطفي مع المجموعة التجريبية ، في حين لم يطبق أي برنامج مع افراد المجموعة الضابطة ، وقامت الباحثة ببناء مقياس الافلاس العاطفي الذي تكون من (24) فقرة وبناء برنامج ارشادي باسلوب اليقظة الذهنية يتكون من(10) جلسات ارشادية واستعملت الباحثة الوسائل الإحصائية لمعالجة بيانات هذا البحث وهي : الاختبار التائي لعينتين مستقلتين والاختبار التائي لعينة واحدة ، والفا كرونباخ ومعامل ارتباط بيرسون. وكانت نتيجة البحث هي : وجود فرق ذو دلالة إحصائية لصالح المجموعة التجريبية على مقياس الافلاس العاطفي بعد تطبيق البرنامج الارشادي باسلوب اليقظة الذهنية في تخفيف الافلاس العاطفي.
التواضع لدى مرشدي مدارس بغداد
Authors: Prof. Azhar Abood Hasoon (Ph.D.)  
Published: November 2024

يستهدف البحث الحالي قياس التواضع لدى مرشدي مدارس بغداد، ومعرفة دلالة الفروق في التواضع وفقا لمتغيري الجنس ومدة الخدمة ، وتحقيقا لذلك تم الاعتماد على مقياس (حسن ، 2022) الذي بني وفقا لنظرية سليجمان والمكون من (23) فقرة ، موزعة على ثلاثة عوامل هي ؛ عامل تقبل الذات (10) فقرات، عامل العطف والكرم( 8 ) فقرات، وعامل التفاعل الايجابي(5) فقرات، صيغت الفقرات بأسلوب العبارات التقريرية وامام كل فقرة (5) بدائل متدرجة للاجابة، طبق المقياس على (200) مرشد ومرشدة ، وقد تم التحقق من صدق المقياس للبحث الحالي بمؤشري؛ الصدق الظاهري وصدق بناء المقياس، من خلال حساب علاقة كل فقرة بالدرجة الكلية للمقياس، وعلاقة كل فقرة بالعامل الذي تنتمي اليه، وتم التحقق من ثبات المقياس بطريقة تحليل التباين باستعمال معادلة الفا كرونباخ وبلغ (0.86 ) ولكل عامل بلغ (0.75)(0.75)(0.68) على التوالي ، وأظهرت نتائج البحث؛ ان مرشدي مدارس بغداد متواضعون في تعاملهم باستعمال الاختبار التائي لعينة واحدة ، وللتعرف على دلالة الفروق في التواضع وعوامله وفقا لمتغيري الجنس ومدة الخدمة ، استعمل تحليل التباين الثنائي ANOVA الذي اظهر فروقا ذات دلالة احصائية وفقا لمتغير الجنس، لصالح المرشدين.
Influence of Risk Acceptance on Implementation of KeRRA Road Construction Projects in Migori County, Kenya
Authors: Bundeh Lennard William , Wagude Janet Auma 
Published: November 2024

Implementation of Government of Kenya (KeRRA) road construction projects face high levels of risks, but often these risks are not dealt with adequately, which is reflected in low quality of work as well as cost and time overruns. The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of risk acceptance on implementation of KeRRA road construction projects in Migori County. Implementation was measured as a function of project completion within the set time frame and being within budget. This study was anchored on Risk Management theory which offer a foundation for interrogating the influence of the variables under study. The research philosophy was based on pragmatism. Concurrent triangulation research design was used as it factors in the qualitative and quantitative aspects of research study. The target population for the study consisted of 92 contractors, 459 constituency roads committee members (CRCs) and 2 Consultant Engineers. Through a sampling size formula, a total of 39 contractors and 193 CRC members were selected using simple random sampling technique. Primary data was obtained through self-administered questionnaires to contractors and CRC members. Validity of research instruments was obtained through piloting and expert evaluation while reliability was tested using test retest method. Inferential statistics of Multiple Linear Regression was applied to determine the influence of risk management strategies on implementation of KeRRA road construction projects by testing the hypotheses for the study. Statistical significance was assessed at p<0.05. Qualitative data obtained from the interview schedules was analysed using content analysis. The study found out that risk acceptance accounted for 70.0% of change in implementation of KeRRA road construction projects. The study concluded that risk acceptance influenced implementation of KeRRA road construction projects significantly (p<0.05). The study recommends that there is need for effective system for risk based identification, analysis and management needs to be activated and KeRRA should ensure that all manpower and machinery used in road constructions are insured and properly certified in accordance with occupational health and safety standards policies.
Langvarig utmattelse ved sykdom: forekomst, årsaker, konsekvenser for arbeidsfunksjon og klinisk helsepsykologiske tiltak
Authors: Berge Torkil , Fjerstad Elin 
Published: November 2024

Objectives: Physical and mental fatigue is part of the symptom pattern for several diseases that causes adverse impacts on the patient’s daily functioning and quality of life and imposes significant social costs. The objective was first to present an overview of the incidence of and the complex causal mechanisms contributing to prolonged fatigue caused by illness, and then to present documentation of cognitive behavioural therapeutic approaches.
Methods: We searched the databases Medline, PsycInfo, Cochrane Library, Embase and Academic Search Elite using terms such as “fatigue”, “cognitive behavioural therapy”, “chronic disease”, “cancer”, other diagnosis-specific terms, and “systematic reviews” as far as May 2024. It was a non-systematic, narrative literature review, with an emphasis on representative meta-analyses that could provide a picture of the state of knowledge.
Results: Cognitive behavioural therapeutic approaches are proven to have a beneficial effect on fatigue associated with a wide range of diseases.
Conclusions: Fatigue is a transdiagnostic symptom across a range of diseases, which offers an opportunity for generic psychological treatment approaches that can be individually tailored. Patients should be assessed for fatigue and, when necessary, be offered specific knowledge and proven strategies for managing fatigue and improving daily functioning.
Keywords: fatigue, chronic disease, cancer, cognitive behavioural therapy, clinical health psychology, review
Hjerteinfarkt og posttraumatisk stressreaksjon: en kvalitativ studie
Authors: Næss Eva Therese , Lund June Straumsnes , Jakobsen Judith Margrethe , Smines Aina Iren Gulliksen , Lorem Geir 
Published: November 2024

An increasing number of people survive myocardial infarction, and research suggests that psychological difficulties are prevalent among heart patients. The aim of the study was to examine the participants’ psychological reactions to myocardial infarction. The study was based on 27 semi-structured interviews. Three central themes emerged: 1) experiences of myocardial infarction and subsequent psychological reactions, 2) experiences of health services, particularly rehabilitation and 3) the significance of health information. The results indicate widespread psychological difficulties among the participants. Several describe the infarction as a traumatic event with stress-related symptoms. The participants’ experiences of their encounters with the health services varied, and they described various factors associated with hospitalisation and rehabilitation as protective or stressful. Lack of health information was found to be stressful, and created uncertainty and unpredictability for the participants. The findings suggest that the participants have psychological reactions following a myocardial infarction. These difficulties impose limitations on daily life activities, and many require more psychological support and better tailored health information than what is currently provided .
Keywords: Myocardial infarction, PTSD, anxiety, depression, qualitative study, rehabilitation