bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Printed 3D Electrode Arrays with Micrometer‐Scale Lateral Resolution for Extracellular Recording of Action Potentials
Authors: Grob Leroy , Yamamoto Hideaki , Zips Sabine , Rinklin Philipp , Hirano‐Iwata Ayumi , Wolfrum Bernhard 
Published: September 2019

AbstractCurrent investigations on neuronal or cardiac tissues call for systems that can electrically monitor cellular activity in three dimensions as opposed to classical planar approaches. Typically the fabrication of such 3D microelectrode arrays (3D MEAs) relies on advanced cleanroom fabrication techniques. However, additive manufacturing is becoming an ever versatile alternative for rapid prototyping of novel sensor designs due to its low cost and material expense. Here, the possibility of fabricating high‐resolution 3D MEAs is demonstrated by using electrohydrodynamic inkjet printing. The height and aspect ratio of the 3D electrodes can be readily tuned by adjusting the printing conditions and number of deposited ink droplets per electrode. The fabrication of pillar electrode arrays with electrode diameters of sintered structures below 3 µm is shown. The functionality of the array is confirmed using impedance spectroscopy and extracellular recordings of action potentials from HL‐1 cells.
Catalytic Metal Nanoparticles Embedded in Conductive Metal–Organic Frameworks for Chemiresistors: Highly Active and Conductive Porous Materials
Authors: Koo Won‐Tae , Kim Sang‐Joon , Jang Ji‐Soo , Kim Dong‐Ha , Kim Il‐Doo 
Published: September 2019

AbstractConductive porous materials having a high surface reactivity offer great promise for a broad range of applications. However, a general and scalable synthesis of such materials remains challenging. In this work, the facile synthesis of catalytic metal nanoparticles (NPs) embedded in 2D metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) is reported as highly active and conductive porous materials. After the assembly of 2D conductive MOFs (C‐MOFs), i.e., Cu3(hexahydroxytriphenylene)2 [Cu3(HHTP)2], Pd or Pt NPs are functionalized within the cavities of C‐MOFs by infiltration of metal ions and subsequent reduction. The unique structure of Cu3(HHTP)2 with a cavity size of 2 nm confines the bulk growth of metal NPs, resulting in ultra‐small (≈2 nm) and well‐dispersed metal NPs loaded in 2D C‐MOFs. The Pd or Pt NPs‐loaded Cu3(HHTP)2 exhibits remarkably improved NO2 sensing performance at room temperature due to the high reactivity of catalytic metal NPs and the high porosity of C‐MOFs. The catalytic effect of Pd and Pt NPs on NO2 sensing of Cu3(HHTP)2, in terms of reaction rate kinetics and activation energy, is demonstrated.
Electrically Stable Organic Permeable Base Transistors for Display Applications
Authors: Dollinger Felix , Iseke Henning , Guo Erjuan , Fischer Axel , Kleemann Hans , Leo Karl 
Published: September 2019

AbstractVertical organic permeable base transistors (OPBT) can drive large current densities of kA cm−2 and achieve record‐high transition frequencies of up to 40 MHz. They are therefore an interesting candidate for numerous applications, including the use in active‐matrix organic light emitting display (AMOLED) backplanes. However, the transistor characteristics are required to be stable against electrical stress. Here, the threshold voltage shifts under current‐ and voltage‐stress conditions over various temperatures and illumination conditions are investigated. OPBTs show excellent stability under the probed conditions, even at extended exposure to large on‐state currents of 3 A cm−2. The strongest shifts are observed at elevated temperatures, suggesting a temperature activation of the stress effect. On‐state current stress scales linearly with the current density, while off‐state stress is induced by the applied voltage. The effects of both kinds of stress are complementary and can compensate each other. It is found that the OPBT is perfectly suitable as a switching transistor in AMOLED displays.
Farmers' willingness to participate in a big data platform
Authors: Turland Madeline , Slade Peter 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThis paper uses a hypothetical choice experiment to examine farmers' willingness to share their farm data with a big data platform. We found that, on average, 36% of farmers are willing to join such a platform. Participation is affected by the characteristics of both the platform and the farmer. The organization operating the big data platform is particularly important: farmers are most willing to share their data with university researchers and least willing to share their data with government. Not surprisingly, farmers with strong privacy preferences are less likely to join a big data platform. However, we found that relatively small financial and nonfinancial benefits significantly increased participation, even among farmers who stated strong privacy preferences. [EconLit classifications: Q12, Q16, Q18]
Hydrops fetalis in a cohort of 3,137 stillbirths and second trimester miscarriages
Authors: McPherson Elizabeth 
Published: September 2019

AbstractHydrops fetalis was diagnosed in 277 (9%) of 3,137 fetuses referred to the Wisconsin Stillbirth Service Program (WiSSP) for etiologic evaluation of stillbirth or second trimester miscarriage. Hydrops was clinically recognized at delivery in only about half the cases, while the remainder were diagnosed at autopsy or during evaluation of records, photographs, and radiographs. The peak incidence of hydrops was at 20–28 weeks. Hydropic fetuses were also frequent before 20 weeks but became increasingly rare toward term. The most frequent identifiable underlying cause was chromosomal (29%), followed by other syndromes (14%), and more distantly by cardiac (6%) and other single system disorders. While the overall prevalence of hydrops and chromosomal causes was comparable to other autopsy series, the frequency of nonchromosomal syndromes was higher, reflecting increased attention to syndrome identification. Lethal multiple pterygium syndrome (LMPS) was identified retrospectively in 17 cases, accounting for 6% of all hydrops; 3/17 had a previous affected sib, emphasizing the importance of accurate diagnosis and counseling. Depending on the underlying cause, hydropic fetuses may be either small (if the cause is chromosomal or LMPS) or large (in cases with other syndromes or cardiac causes) for gestational age. The relatively large number in the “idiopathic” group in WiSSP (104/277; 38%) is probably due to variability of autopsies at local hospitals and limited laboratory data. Improved recognition of hydrops and testing directed at diagnosis of specific underlying causes can lead to improved counseling for families.
Phloroglucinol, a nutraceutical for IR‐induced cardiac damage in diabetic rats
Authors: Pranav Nayak B. , Ganesha K. R. , Minaz Nathani , Razdan Rema , Goswami Sumanta Kumar 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackgroundMyocardial injury due to ischemia‐reperfusion (IR) is aggravated in diabetes which is associated with oxidative stress. Alleviating oxidative stress via use of antioxidants has been shown to be effective at minimizing myocardial cell death and improving cardiac function. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the cardioprotective effect of phloroglucinol against myocardial reperfusion injury (MRI) in diabetic rats.MethodsDiabetes was induced in female rats with streptozotocin (50 mg/kg). The diabetic rats were orally treated with phloroglucinol (100 and 200 mg/kg daily for 28 days). After treatment the hearts were isolated and mounted on a Langendorff apparatus. The hearts were subjected to 15 minutes of IR to induce myocardial damage. Cardiac functions including heart rate (HR), resting and developed tension, and rate of change of contraction (+dP/dtmax) were recorded. Cardiac injury biomarkers lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and creatine kinase (CK‐MB) were measured in the heart perfusate. Levels of the antioxidant enzymes reduced glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining was also performed.ResultsAfter IR injury, a decrease in HR and +dP/dtmax in hearts from diabetic rat was seen compared to healthy rat hearts, which was reversed by phloroglucinol treatment. Myocardial infarct size, measured by H&E staining, was increased in diabetic rats compared to healthy rats and an increase in the activity of LDH and CK‐MB in the heart perfusate in diabetic rats was decreased by phloroglucinol treatment. An increase in MDA levels and a decrease in levels of antioxidant enzymes were observed in diabetic rats, which was reversed with phloroglucinol treatment.ConclusionPhloroglucinol treatment has potential therapeutic promise in the treatment of MRI in diabetes.
Construction and characterization of nano iron complex ionophore for electrochemical determination of Fe(III) in pure and various real water samples
Authors: Ali Tamer Awad , Mahmoud Walaa H. , Mohamed Gehad G. 
Published: September 2019

Electrochemical methods represent an important class of widely used techniques for the detection of metal ions. The unique chemical and physical properties of nanoparticles make them extremely suitable for designing new and improved sensing devices, especially electrochemical sensors and biosensors. This study focused on the synthesis of a nano‐Fe(III)–Sud complex and its characterization using various spectroscopic and analytical tools, optimized using the density functional theory method, screened for antibacterial activity and evaluated for possible binding to DNA using molecular docking study. Proceeding from the collected information, nano‐Fe(III)–Sud was used further for constructing carbon paste and screen‐printed ion‐selective electrodes. The proposed sensors were successfully applied for the determination of Fe(III) ions in various real and environmental water samples. Some texture analyses of the electrode surface were conducted using atomic force microscopy. At optimum values of various conditions, the proposed electrodes responded towards Fe(III) ions linearly in the range 2.5 × 10−9–1 × 10−2 and 1.0 × 10−8–1 × 10−2 M with slope of 19.73 ± 0.82 and 18.57 ± 0.32 mV decade−1 of Fe(III) ion concentration and detection limit of 2.5 × 10−9 and 1.0 × 10−8 M for Fe(III)–Sud‐SPE (electrode I) and Fe(III)–Sud‐CPE (electrode II), respectively. The electrode response is independent of pH in the range 2.0–7.0 and 2.5–7.0, with a fast response time (4 and 7 s) at 25°C for electrode I and electrode II, respectively. Moreover, the electrodes also showed high selectivity and long lifetime (more than 6 and 3 months for electrode I and electrode II, respectively). The electrodes showed good selectivity for Fe(III) ions among a wide variety of metal ions. The results obtained compared well with those obtained using atomic absorption spectrometry.
Sequential Two‐Step Stereoselective Amination of Allylic Alcohols through the Combination of Laccases and Amine Transaminases
Authors: Albarrán‐Velo Jesús , Lavandera Iván , Gotor‐Fernández Vicente 
Published: September 2019

AbstractA sequential two‐step chemoenzymatic methodology for the stereoselective synthesis of (3E)‐4‐(het)arylbut‐3‐en‐2‐amines in a highly selective manner and under mild reaction conditions is described. The approach consists of oxidation of the corresponding racemic alcohol precursors by the use of a catalytic system made up of the laccase from Trametes versicolor and the oxy‐radical TEMPO, followed by the asymmetric reductive bio‐transamination of the corresponding ketone intermediates. Optimisation of the oxidation reaction, exhaustive amine transaminase screening for the bio‐transaminations and the compatibility of the two enzymatic reactions were studied in depth in search of a design of a compatible sequential cascade. This synthetic strategy was successful and the combinations of enzymes displayed a broad substrate scope, with 16 chiral amines being obtained in moderate to good isolated yields (29–75 %) and with excellent enantiomeric excess values (94 to >99 %). Interestingly, both amine enantiomers can be achieved, depending on the selectivity of the amine transaminase employed in the system.
Microsurgical excision of a compressive thoracic arachnoid cyst: Technical pearls
Authors: Glauser Gregory , Petrov Dmitriy , Choudhri Omar 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe key clinical message of this case is that it is critical to differentiate between arachnoid cysts and spinal cord herniation. This is performed by evaluating the ventral dura to assure that it remains intact.
Multiphase batch process monitoring based on higher‐order cumulant analysis
Authors: Chang Peng , Qiao Junfei , Lu Ruiwei , Zhang Xiangyu 
Published: September 2019

AbstractIn this paper, a two‐step phase partitioning strategy is proposed. Firstly, the number of phases is automatically determined according to the intra‐class and inter‐class similarity of feature space data, thus avoiding excessive manual intervention. Secondly, the phases are partitioned by step‐wise adding the kernel entropy extended load matrix (KEELM), avoiding the wrong division of phases caused by unstable state of working condition conversion. A process monitoring model based on multiway kernel entropy independent component analysis (MKEICA) is constructed in each sub‐phase to deal with complex batch processes with nonlinear and non‐Gaussian properties. A new statistics index based on the idea of high order cumulant analysis (HCA) is constructed in each sub‐phase for process monitoring. Compared with the traditional second‐order statistics, it can obtain high‐order statistical information. Finally, the proposed method is applied to the penicillin simulation platform process and compared with the traditional multiway kernel independent components analysis (MKICA) and HCA methods to verify the effectiveness of the method that is mentioned above.
Photochemistry in Huelva: Light for Triggering, Controlling, and Monitoring Chemical Processes
Authors: Pischel Uwe 
Published: September 2019

AbstractUwe Pischel
is a Professor of Organic Chemistry at the University of Huelva (Spain) and Group Leader at the Center for Research in Sustainable Chemistry (CIQSO). He is a current member of the ChemPhotoChem Editorial Board.
Fine‐needle aspiration cytology of solid papillary carcinoma of the breast
Authors: Sakuma Takahiko , Mori Mikiko , Nonogaki Ikue 
Published: September 2019

AbstractWe report a case of solid papillary carcinoma (SPC) of the breast, of which the cytologic findings of the nipple discharge and the fine needle aspiration (FNA), and the pathology of the resected tumour are described in detail. Imaging studies demonstrated an intra‐ductal tumour of the breast, which seemed responsible for the bloody nipple discharge. The cytologic features of the nipple discharge and the FNA targeted to the intra‐ductal tumour suggested low‐grade carcinoma. Additional findings of mucin production and rosette‐formation (possibly neuroendocrine differentiation) indicated SPC as a major differential diagnosis. Histologically, the lesion consisted of mainly ductal proliferation of low‐grade carcinoma associated with prominent rosette formation within the tumour and mucin production. Permeation of mucin with cancer cell clusters into the adjacent adipose tissue was also noted. Immunohistochemically, the tumour cells, especially those forming rosettes, were partially positive for CD56. Histological diagnosis was SPC with invasion. SPC is a rare tumour, and its cytologic and pathologic features have only been sporadically reported. Our case was unique in that there was a good correlation between cytologic and histologic findings. The cytologic findings that are important to predict the histologic diagnosis are emphasized. A brief review of the relevant literature is also included.
Functional analysis of rare variants of GATA4 identified in Chinese patients with congenital heart defect
Authors: Zhao Zhengshan , Zhan Yongkun , Chen Weicheng , Ma Xiaojing , Sheng Wei , Huang Guoying 
Published: September 2019

SummaryCongenital heart defect (CHD) is one of the most common cardiovascular diseases, affecting approximately 0.8% of live births. The transcription factor GATA4 has been known to play a key role in cardiac development. In this study, we performed whole exome sequencing in nine unrelated CHD patients and found two rare deleterious missense variants in the GATA4 gene (c.C487T,p.P163S and c.C1223A,p.P408Q) (ExAC <0.001 and CADD >15) in three cases that were confirmed by Sanger sequencing. Subsequently, these two variants were screened for in an additional 226 patients with CHD and 206 healthy controls by Sanger sequencing, and no variants were observed. These two variants were predicted to be damaging to protein function using a functional prediction program. Co‐IP indicated that both of the GATA4 variants (P163S and P408Q) blocked heterodimer formation between GATA4 and ZFPM2 protein. Immunofluorescence showed that the two GATA4 variants diminished the colocalization formation between GATA4 and ZFPM2 protein compared to that of WT protein. These findings indicate that the two rare variants of GATA4 might disturb its interaction with ZFPM2 and influence corresponding downstream gene activity, suggesting that the GATA4 variants may be associated with the pathogenesis of CHD.
Reply to “Do not de‐escalate oncology care in oropharyngeal cancer routinely”
Authors: Ilmarinen Taru , Keski‐Säntti Harri T. , Markkanen‐Leppänen Mari L. , Haapaniemi Aaro , Tapiovaara Laura , Atula Timo , Bäck Leif 
Published: September 2019

See article on page 143–144, in this issue
Recent progress in graphene‐based electrodes for flexible batteries
Authors: Dai Chunlong , Sun Guoqiang , Hu Linyu , Xiao Yukun , Zhang Zhipan , Qu Liangti 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe emerging flexible electronic devices have stimulated the development of flexible batteries, in which flexible electrodes are indispensable components. Graphene, known for its excellent electrical conductivity and mechanical stability, can be used as an ideal flexible substrate. Recently, many efforts have been devoted to graphene‐based electrodes for flexible batteries. Herein, this review summarizes recent advances in the development of graphene‐based electrodes for various flexible batteries, including metal‐ion batteries (ions of Li, Na, Zn, Al, etc.), lithium‐sulfur batteries, and metal‐air batteries (Li‐ and Zn‐air batteries). Besides, major challenges and future developments of flexible batteries are also discussed.image
Promotion through external magnetic field of osteogenic differentiation potential in adipose‐derived mesenchymal stem cells: Design of polyurethane/poly(lactic) acid sponges doped with iron oxide nanoparticles
Authors: Marycz Krzysztof , Alicka Michalina , Kornicka‐Garbowska Katarzyna , Polnar Joanna , Lis‐Bartos Anna , Wiglusz Rafał J. , Roecken Michael , Nedelec Jean‐Marie 
Published: September 2019

AbstractRecently, iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) have gathered special attention in regenerative medicine. Owing to their magnetic and bioactive properties, IONPs are utilized in the fabrication of novel biomaterials. Yet, there was no report regarding thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) and poly(lactic acid) (PLA) polymer doped with IONPs on osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. Thus the objectives of presented study was to: (a) fabricate magnetic TPU + PLA sponges doped with iron (III) oxide Fe2O3 nanoparticles; (b) investigate the effects of biomaterial and its exposition to static magnetic field (MF) on osteogenic differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis in adipose‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs). TPU + PLA sponges were prepared using solvent casting technique while incorporation of the Fe2O3 nanoparticles was performed with solution cast method. RT‐PCR was applied to evaluate expression of osteogenic‐related genes and integrin's in cells cultured on fabricated materials with or without the stimulation of static MF. MF stimulation enhanced the expression of osteopontin and collagen type I while decreased expression of bone morphogenetic protein 2 in tested magnetic materials—TPU + PLA/1% Fe2O3 and TPU + PLA/5% Fe2O3. Therefore, TPU + PLA sponges doped with IONPs and exposure to MF resulted in improved osteogenic differentiation of ASC.
Model‐Based Comparison of Dose‐Response Profiles of Tofacitinib in Japanese Versus Western Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients
Authors: Suzuki Misaki , Shoji Satoshi , Miyoshi So , Krishnaswami Sriram 
Published: September 2019

AbstractTofacitinib is an oral Janus kinase inhibitor for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The aim of this analysis was to characterize the relationship between tofacitinib dose and efficacy, as measured by American College of Rheumatology (ACR) response rates, and to compare this between Japanese and Western patients with RA. Efficacy data were pooled from 2 double‐blind, dose‐ranging phase 2 studies of tofacitinib monotherapy 1‐15 mg twice daily in patients with RA with an inadequate response to disease‐modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs). NCT00550446 was carried out in mostly Western patients and NCT00687193 in Japanese patients. ACR20, ACR50, and ACR70 response rates in week 12 were analyzed using maximum drug effect (Emax) models on the logit domain. Both studies showed a dose‐response for each end point, supporting the efficacy of tofacitinib in patients with inadequate response to DMARDs. Study‐specific differences in Emax were noted, whereas potency (dose providing half the maximum effect [ED50]) was similar across studies. After adjustment for study differences in Emax by calculating the fractions of the maximum placebo‐adjusted proportion of ACR responses, the estimated locations for the 5‐ and 10‐mg twice‐daily doses on the dose‐response curves were similar for the 2 patient populations: ACR20, ACR50, andACR70 mean fractional responses for 5 and 10 mg twice daily were 0.78, 0.43, 0.32 and 0.90, 0.69, and 0.56, respectively, for the Japanese study and 0.54, 0.41, and 0.22 and 0.73, 0.61, and 0.40, respectively, for the Western study. This analysis therefore supports the rationale for the same dosing regimen in Japanese patients as in Western patients from an efficacy perspective.
Utility of PhaSeal, a closed‐system drug transfer device, in facilitating vial sharing to reduce waste and assist in medication cost savings
Authors: Siderov Jim 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe cost of cancer care is rising. With the soaring costs of cancer treatment, strategies to minimise medication wastage have become more important.AimThis study evaluated cost savings associated with a centralised pharmacy aseptic service using the closed‐system drug transfer device PhaSeal (Becton, Dickinson and Company, North Ryde, NSW, Australia) for the preparation of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) in a large teaching hospital.MethodsTwo scenarios for the preparation of mAb were evaluated retrospectively over a 24‐month period. All doses prepared by pharmacy in 2016 and 2017 were reviewed. In Scenario 1, costs were determined for mAb prepared by the centralised pharmacy aseptic service using PhaSeal. In Scenario 2, each individual dose was reviewed to determine the minimum number of vials that needed to be prepared, with any residual vial contents disposed of.ResultsIn all, 8291 preparations were reviewed. The medication costs savings over the 24‐month period was A$1 259 394. The cost of PhaSeal in the preparation of the 8291 items equates to A$207 275.ConclusionCentralising aseptic preparation of mAbs together with the utilisation of PhaSeal to allow vial sharing in a large teaching hospital resulted in savings of A$526 059 per year by significantly minimising medication wastage.