bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Human action recognition using a corners and blob detector with different classification methods
Authors: Al-asady Zahraa , Al-amery Amel 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Human Action Recognition trying to recognize the motion and movement of the person, the recognition of human movement is a very important field in many applications of security such as for smart surveillance and monitoring systems, also in another application such as computer interaction and entertainment. This paper tries to detect and identify the action of human but there is a big challenge in recognize similar actions for example walking and running. The dataset has been used is KTH dataset and the methods are harrier detector and blob detector to extract the corners from each frame. the second topic has been discuses in this paper is to examine between two different classification methods: supervised (SVM) and unsupervised (KNN) Machine Learning to find the most suitable way classification for this paper, we were find that the KNN classification is overcome the SVM Classification in this work. After the result has been extracted we find the using of KNN method is the most suitable for this topic. In future work we hope using more features to extract the corner to increase the efficiency of classification process.
Various Types of Skin Tumors Lesion Medical Imaging (STLMI) of Healthy and Unhealthy Moles a Review and Computational of: Segmentation, Classification, Methods and Algorithms
Authors: Aljanabi Mohanad H. , Jumaa Fadhel A. , Aftan Ahmed Obaid , Sadiq Alkafaji Muhammed Salah , Alanı Nadia , Al-Tameemi Zaid H. , Al-Mamoori Dalya H. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractOver recent decades, updates in the field of the imaging of skin tumor lesions and biomedical sensing at the side of its related clinical implementations have attracted the attention of scientists. The major aim is to develop an artificial bee colony algorithmic and other approaches to propose different types of skin cancer lesion medical imaging, utilizing medical images achieved through different imaging methods. The artificial bee colony is frequently used to get highly accurate analysis, which supports the early detection of that which poses a threat to life, and, this method can be a good area to examine for future research. We compared the achievement of many works that were developed specially to detect the skin tumours lesion of healthy and unhealthy nevi after the use of methods and algorithms to obtain good processing results and discussed the relevant conclusions. The paper presents develop various classification, segmentation, methods and algorithms to recognize benign and malignant nevi to help make an expert decision on dermatology. These methods would allow not just earlier detection of skin cancer cases, however, decreasing of the number of unnecessary of steps in image processing and costly process.
Study of heavily thulium-doped fiber amplifier for optical telecom at 2µm
Authors: Khamis M A , Ennser K 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
In this study, the performance of a thulium-doped fiber amplifier is investigated for optical telecom at 2 μm with the pump wavelength of 1570nm. The influence of energy up-conversion transitions has been built up on the theoretical model. A heavily thulium doped concentration has been chosen in order to consider this ion-ion interaction. The rate and propagation equations have been developed to study and evaluate the characteristics of a thulium doped fiber amplifier with considering the effects of amplified spontaneous emission noise, cross relaxation process and energy up-conversion. A MATLAB program has been developed to optimise the fiber length and compute the amplifier gain and noise figure. Through the numerical results it is indicated that a short thulium fiber length is require which is a one attractive advantage to choose a thulium fiber with high concentration. However, the results also showed that increasing of thulium doping concentration reduces the signal gain when pumped at 1570nm.
Cross-modal information flows in highly automated vehicles
Authors: Savchenko V V , Poddubko S N 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe classification of cross-modal information flows in highly automated and autonomous vehicles is presented. The definition of cross-modal interaction in the highly automated vehicles is given and the goal of the analysis of heterogeneous information flows in onboard systems of vehicles is formulated. From the interdisciplinary perspective, on the basis of the system approach, the main provisions of the original method for analyzing the driver’s potential to regain control of the highly automated vehicle are formulated. They are based on the driver’s awareness of the situational circumstances along the route, monitoring the current functional state and individual driver’s characteristics.
Simulation-based identification of the parameters of a minibus hybrid powertrain
Authors: Gorelov V A , Butarovich D O , Staduhin A A , Skotnikov G I 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The bus is one of the most popular types of the road public transport and is much less dependent on the external infrastructure than the tram or the trolleybus. However, buses with conventional powertrains are the active sources of the environment pollution. Buses with hybrid powertrain are known to combine the independence of the motorbuses with a conventional internal combustion engine, a considerable reduction in the environmental pollution and the capability of the braking energy recuperation. This explains the increasing interest to the problems of their construction and development of effective control laws for their units and subsystems. Nowadays, these problems are solved by means of the mathematical simulation of the vehicle operation.
Logical artificial intelligence Mivar technologies for autonomous road vehicles
Authors: Varlamov O O , Chuvikov D A , Aladin D V , Adamova L E , Osipov V G 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The main field of our research is artificial intelligence already implemented in the experimental autonomous road vehicle. Artificial intelligence now is a really huge area of studies. This investigation is focused more on a development of intelligent systems. Such as expert systems, semantic text processing systems, semantic image understanding systems, robotics systems. Wi!Mi is a solution for developing mivar knowledge models. This tool belongs to the class of so-called ES shells - programs that allow significantly simplify and accelerate the ES development process. It uses a novel knowledge representation mechanism based on bipartite graphs and the significantly improved but simple inference engine, which is able to process large systems involving millions of variables in just a few seconds. A special representation model which is called mivar nets with linear computational complexity using if-then rules is used in Wi!Mi. The idea is that the subject domain is divided into objects and connections between them. Scientific investigation allows to implement new decision-making system called “RoboRazum” as a form of an embedded software platform with flexible capabilities to adapt to control by any robotic suites and systems. RoboRazum is a platform for designing autonomous robotic control systems. Provided solutions don’t require powerful computational resources and could be used in small systems-on-chip like microcontrollers. That is why this solution is perfectly fit with conception of Internet of Things (IoT). Reasoned and fast logical decisions based on mivar technologies play important role for autonomous road vehicles.
Thermostating system with intelligent management for electric vehicles
Authors: Struchkov V S , Kurmaev R H , Iakunov D M , Lubimov I A 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The article considers an optimum temperature regime maintainment method of the electric vehicles aggregates. Technical solutions for the creation of an intelligent thermostatic system are proposed. Vehicle equipped with the optimum temperature maintenance system developed during current research was placed under tests.
Dynamic model of the robotic vehicle motion on a deformable irregular terrain
Authors: Volskaya N S , Chichekin I V 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The paper presents a system approach to the estimation of the off-road performance of the wheeled vehicles operating on deformable terrains. A problem-solving approach to the development of the model for the wheeled vehicle - irregular deformable terrain system is presented. The model was used for the simulation of the vehicle motion on different terrains. The presented method for the calculation of the wheel sinkage (calculation of the resistance to the motion of a wheeled vehicle) is based on the Y.S. Ageykin model. The paper presents the analysis of the research results.
Vehicle interior air quality standards development
Authors: Saikin A M , Kozlov A V , Iakunova E A 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The paper presents results of experiments carried out to refine the procedure for determining the content of harmful substances in the air of vehicle interior coming from the supply system and exhaust system of the vehicle under test, as specified in GOST 33554-2015. Based on the work results proposals were prepared for the working group “Vehicle interior air quality”, operating under the auspices of the World Forum for Harmonization of Vehicle Regulations (WP.29) of the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe. Content determination of the air pollutants in the vehicle compartment was carried out under various engine and ventilation system operating conditions when driving along the routes on the testing ground of FSUE “NAMI” and parking in specially selected places with the complete absence of other vehicles in the test area. Based on the test results, a conclusion was made that it is necessary to use a wider range of speed modes and variations in the operation modes of the ventilation system.
Management strategy of new energy-saving technology in the field of ground transport based on the principle of thermo-chemical regeneration of waste heat energy
Authors: Fomin V M , Kamenev V F , Apelinskiy D V 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The article describes the strategy of energy saving management in the field of operation of ground transport, developed on a fundamentally new basis for the effective transformation of the energy potential of waste heat energy. In the course of the work, the energy technological scheme is investigated and proposed based on the organizati on of thermochemical conversion of the initial hydrocarbon fuel using waste heat into a new type of synthesized fuel with higher rates of heat of combustion. The mechanism of this effect has not yet found its detailed consideration in the modern theory and practice of power engineering. It is based on the law of energy conservation, which in thermochemistry is interpreted as the law of Hess and its consequences.
State-of-The-Art Pulsating Jigs of KOMAG Type
Authors: Matusiak P , Kowol D 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
For several decades the KOMAG Institute of Mining Technology has been involved in a construction of pulsating jigs - devices for a gravity beneficiation of hard coal. The conducted research and conceptual work enables their constant development, resulting in their high reliability and efficiency. The article presents the latest design solutions and examples of implementations of the KOMAG state-of-the-art pulsating jigs in the Polish hard coal mines. The operational principle and possibilities of an innovative control system of the KOGASTER SSWO jig node are also discussed
Magnetic-and-powder Method in Diagnostics of Welded Joints in Powered Roof Supports
Authors: Szweda S , Mikuła J , Mikuła S 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
A possibility of diagnosing the welded joints in the components of powered roof supports used in longwall panels of hard coal mines is analysed. It was found that the magnetic-and-powder method is most useful for that purpose. Devices which facilitate assessment of technical condition of welded joints in canopies and bases are discussed. Design and principles of operation of welded joints liquid detector adapted for operation in industrial conditions are presented. Two ideas of a magnetic inductor for technical diagnosis of powered roof support components by the magnetic-and-powder method is discussed.
Energy bounds condition for intertwining operators of types 𝐵, 𝐶, and 𝐺₂ unitary affine vertex operator algebras
Authors: Gui Bin 
Published: June 2019

The energy bounds condition for intertwining operators of unitary rational vertex operator algebras (VOAs) was studied, first by A. Wassermann for type

A
A

affine VOAs, and later by T. Loke for

c
>
1

c>1

Virasoro VOAs, and by V. Toledano-Laredo for type

D
D

affine VOAs. In this paper, we extend their results to affine VOAs of types

B
B

,

C
C

, and

G
2

G_2

. As a consequence, the modular tensor categories of these unitary vertex operator algebras are unitary.
Upregulation of AREG, EGFR, and HER2 contributes to increased VEGF expression in granulosa cells of patients with OHSS†
Authors: Fang Lanlan , Yu Yiping , Li Yiran , Wang Sijia , He Jingyan , Zhang Ruizhe , Sun Ying-Pu 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) is a serious iatrogenic complication in women undergoing induction of ovulation with human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) for assisted reproductive techniques. Amphiregulin (AREG) is the most abundant epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) ligand expressed in human granulosa cells and follicular fluid and can be upregulated by luteinizing hormone (LH)/hCG. However, whether the expression levels of AREG, EGFR, and HER2 change in the granulosa cells of OHSS patients remains unknown. If it does, whether these molecules are involved in the development of OHSS requires investigation. In the present study, we showed that AREG, EGFR, and HER2 transcripts in granulosa cells as well as follicular fluid AREG proteins were elevated in OHSS patients. Increased AREG levels were associated with transcript levels and follicular content of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), the marker for OHSS pathology. Treatment of cultured granulosa cells with AREG stimulated VEGF expression and secretion, with granulosa cells from OHSS patients showing more rapid and pronounced increases than the non-OHSS group. In addition, siRNA-mediated knockdown of EGFR and AREG attenuated the hCG-induced upregulation of VEGF. This study demonstrated that granulosa cell-secreted AREG plays an important role in the development of OHSS, suggesting that the EGFR/HER2-mediated signaling could be a novel drug target for the prevention and treatment of OHSS.
Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine Impact on Meningitis and Pneumonia Among Children Aged <5 Years—Zimbabwe, 2010–2016
Authors: Dondo Vongai , Mujuru Hilda , Nathoo Kusum , Jacha Vengai , Tapfumanei Ottias , Chirisa Priscilla , Manangazira Portia , Macharaga John , de Gouveia Linda , Mwenda Jason M , Katsande Regis , Weldegebriel Goitom , Pondo Tracy , Matanock Almea , Lessa Fernanda C 
Published: June 2019

Abstract

Background
Streptococcus pneumoniae is a leading cause of pneumonia and meningitis in children aged <5 years. Zimbabwe introduced 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) in 2012 using a 3-dose infant schedule with no booster dose or catch-up campaign. We evaluated the impact of PCV13 on pediatric pneumonia and meningitis.

Methods
We examined annual changes in the proportion of hospitalizations due to pneumonia and meningitis among children aged <5 years at Harare Central Hospital (HCH) pre-PCV13 (January 2010–June 2012) and post-PCV13 (July 2013–December 2016) using a negative binomial regression model, adjusting for seasonality. We also evaluated post-PCV13 changes in serotype distribution among children with confirmed pneumococcal meningitis at HCH and acute respiratory infection (ARI) trends using Ministry of Health outpatient data.

Results
Pneumonia hospitalizations among children aged <5 years steadily declined pre-PCV13; no significant change in annual decline was observed post-PCV13. Post-PCV13 introduction, meningitis hospitalization decreased 30% annually (95% confidence interval [CI], –42, –14) among children aged 12–59 months, and no change was observed among children aged 0–11 months. Pneumococcal meningitis caused by PCV13 serotypes decreased from 100% in 2011 to 50% in 2016. Annual severe and moderate outpatient ARI decreased by 30% (95% CI, –33, –26) and 7% (95% CI, –11, –2), respectively, post-PCV13 introduction.

Conclusions
We observed declines in pediatric meningitis hospitalizations, PCV13-type pneumococcal meningitis, and severe and moderate ARI outpatient visits post-PCV13 introduction. Low specificity of discharge codes, changes in referral patterns, and improvements in human immunodeficiency virus care may have contributed to the lack of additional declines in pneumonia hospitalizations post-PCV13 introduction.
Genotyping-by-sequencing reveals genomic homogeneity among overwintering Pacific Dunlin (Calidris alpina pacifica) aggregations along the Pacific coast of North America
Authors: Popovic Iva , Toews David P L , Keever Carson C , St. Clair C Toby , Barbaree Blake A , Fernández Guillermo , Rourke James 
Published: June 2019

AbstractInformation on how migratory populations are genetically structured during the overwintering season of the annual cycle can improve our understanding of the strength of migratory connectivity and help identify populations as units for management. Here, we use a genotype-by-sequencing approach to investigate whether population genetic structure exists among overwintering aggregations of the Pacific Dunlin subspecies (Calidris alpina pacifica) sampled at 2 spatial scales (within and among overwintering sites) in the eastern Pacific Flyway. Genome-wide analyses of 874 single nucleotide polymorphisms across 80 sampled individuals revealed no evidence for genetic differentiation among aggregations overwintering at 3 locations within the Fraser River Estuary (FRE) of British Columbia. Similarly, comparisons of aggregations in the FRE and those overwintering in southern sites in California and Mexico indicated no genetic segregation between northern and southern overwintering areas. These results suggest that Pacific Dunlin within the FRE, Sacramento Valley (California), and Guerrero Negro (Mexico) are genetically homogeneous, with no evident genetic structure between sampled sites or regions across the overwintering range. Despite no evidence for differentiation among aggregations, we identified a significant effect of geographical distance between sites on the distribution of individual genotypes in a redundancy analysis. A small proportion of the total genotypic variance (R2 =0.036, P = 0.011) was explained by the combined effect of latitude and longitude, suggesting weak genomic patterns of isolation-by-distance that are consistent with chain-like migratory connectivity between breeding and overwintering areas. Our study represents the first genome-scale investigation of population structure for a Dunlin subspecies and provides essential baseline estimates of genomic diversity and differentiation within the Pacific Dunlin.
Differences in mutational processes and intra-tumour heterogeneity between organs
Authors: Giraudeau Mathieu , Sepp Tuul , Ujvari Beata , Renaud François , Tasiemski Aurélie , Roche Benjamin , Capp Jean-Pascal , Thomas Frédéric 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Extensive diversity (genetic, cytogenetic, epigenetic and phenotypic) exists within and between tumours, but reasons behind these variations, as well as their consistent hierarchical pattern between organs, are poorly understood at the moment. We argue that these phenomena are, at least partially, explainable by the evolutionary ecology of organs’ theory, in the same way that environmental adversity shapes mutation rates and level of polymorphism in organisms. Organs in organisms can be considered as specialized ecosystems that are, for ecological and evolutionary reasons, more or less efficient at suppressing tumours. When a malignancy does arise in an organ applying strong selection pressure on tumours, its constituent cells are expected to display a large range of possible surviving strategies, from hyper mutator phenotypes relying on bet-hedging to persist (high mutation rates and high diversity), to few poorly variable variants that become invisible to natural defences. In contrast, when tumour suppression is weaker, selective pressure favouring extreme surviving strategies is relaxed, and tumours are moderately variable as a result. We provide a comprehensive overview of this hypothesis.
Lay summary: Different levels of mutations and intra-tumour heterogeneity have been observed between cancer types and organs. Anti-cancer defences are unequal between our organs. We propose that mostly aggressive neoplasms (i.e. higher mutational and ITH levels), succeed in emerging and developing in organs with strong defences.
The Influence of Dormancy Break Requirements on Germination and Viability Responses to Winter Submergence in Acorns of Three Bottomland Red Oak (Sect. Lobatae) Species
Authors: Hawkins Tracy S 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The objective of this study was to examine the relation of dormancy break requirements to winter submergence effects on germination and viability in cherrybark, willow, and Nuttall oak acorns. Acorns were submerged in a greentree reservoir and received 0, 21, 42, 63, or 84 days of winter submergence, followed by 8 weeks of incubation in four temperature regimes (15/6°, 20/10°, 25/15°, and 30/20° C). Winter submergence substituted for cold stratification requirements of cherrybark oak acorns, and dormancy break was achieved with 63 days of submergence. Although winter submergence exerted a positive effect on germination in Nuttall and willow oak acorns, dormancy break was not achieved in acorns of either species. Germination percentages were highest in the 30/20° C incubation temperature—cherrybark oak acorns (75–83 percent), followed by Nuttall oak (33–55 percent) and willow oak (14–52 percent). Among treatment combinations, all willow oak nongerminants were viable. Viability loss in cherrybark and Nuttall oak acorns was greatest in the 63- and 84-day treatments. The dynamics of acorn germination in response to winter hydrologic regime is influenced by submergence duration that may, or may not, satisfy dormancy break requirements in acorns of these red oak species.
Parasite-Mediated Anorexia and Nutrition Modulate Virulence Evolution
Authors: Hite Jessica L , Cressler Clayton E 
Published: June 2019

AbstractTemporary but substantial reductions in voluntary food intake routinely accompany parasite infection in hosts ranging from insects to humans. This “parasite-mediated anorexia” drives dynamic nutrient-dependent feedbacks within and among hosts, which should alter the fitness of both hosts and parasites. Yet, few studies have examined the evolutionary and epidemiological consequences of this ubiquitous but overlooked component of infection. Moreover, numerous biomedical, veterinary, and farming practices (e.g., rapid biomass production via high-calorie or high-fat diets, low-level antibiotics to promote growth, nutritional supplementation, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs like Ibuprofen) directly or indirectly alter the magnitude of host anorexia—while also controlling host diet and therefore the nutrients available to hosts and parasites. Here, we show that anorexia can enhance or diminish disease severity, depending on whether the current dietary context provides nutrients that bolster or inhibit immune function. Feedbacks driven by nutrition-mediated competition between host immune function and parasite production can create a unimodal relationship between anorexia and parasite fitness. Subsequently, depending on the host’s diet, medical or husbandry practices that suppress anorexia could backfire, and inadvertently select for more virulent parasites and larger epidemics. These findings carry implications for the development of integrated treatment programs that consider links between host feeding behavior, nutrition, and disease severity.