bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Targeting IDH1 as a pro-senescent therapy in high-grade serous ovarian cancer
Authors: Dahl Erika S. , Buj Raquel , Leon Kelly E. , Newell Jordan M. , Bitler Benjamin G. , Snyder Nathaniel W. , Aird Katherine M. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractEpithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the deadliest gynecological cancer. High-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC) is the most frequently diagnosed and lethal histosubtype of EOC. A significant proportion of HGSC patients relapse with chemoresistant disease. Therefore, there is an urgent need for novel therapeutic strategies for HGSC. Metabolic reprogramming is a hallmark of cancer cells, and targeting metabolism for cancer therapy may be beneficial. Here we found that in comparison to normal fallopian tube epithelial cells, HGSC cells preferentially utilize glucose in the TCA cycle and not for aerobic glycolysis. This correlated with universally increased TCA cycle enzyme expression in HGSC cells under adherent conditions. To further differentiate the necessity of TCA cycle enzymes in ovarian cancer progression, we found that only wildtype isocitrate dehydrogenase I (IDH1) is both significantly increased in HGSC cells in spheroid conditions and is associated with reduced progression-free survival. IDH1 protein expression is also increased in primary HGSC patient tumors. Pharmacological inhibition or knockdown of IDH1 decreased proliferation of multiple HGSC cell lines by inducing senescence. Mechanistically, suppression of IDH1 increased the repressive histone mark H3K9me2 at proliferation promoting gene loci (PCNAandMCM3), which led to decreased mRNA expression. Altogether, these data suggest that increased IDH1 activity is an important metabolic adaptation in HGSC and that targeting wildtype IDH1 in HGSC alters the repressive histone epigenetic landscape to induce senescence. Therefore, inhibition of IDH1 may act as a novel therapeutic approach to alter both the metabolism and epigenetics of HGSC as a pro-senescent therapy.
Real-time contextual feedback for closed-loop control of navigation
Authors: Lim Judith , Celikel Tansu 
Published: November 2018

AbstractObjectiveClose-loop control of brain and behavior will benefit from real-time detection of behavioral events to enable low-latency communication with peripheral devices. In animal experiments, this is typically achieved by using sparsely distributed (embedded) sensors that detect animal presence in select regions of interest. High-speed cameras provide high-density sampling across large arenas, capturing the richness of animal behavior, however, the image processing bottleneck prohibits real-time feedback in the context of rapidly evolving behaviors.ApproachHere we developed an open-source software, named PolyTouch, to track animal behavior in large arenas and provide rapid close-loop feedback in ~5.7 ms, ie. average latency from the detection of an event to analog stimulus delivery, e.g. auditory tone, TTL pulse, when tracking a single body. This stand-alone software is written in JAVA. The included wrapper for MATLAB provides experimental flexibility for data acquisition, analysis and visualization.Main resultsAs a proof-of-principle application we deployed the PolyTouch for place awareness training. A user-defined portion of the arena was used as a virtual target; visit (or approach) to the target triggered auditory feedback. We show that mice develop awareness to virtual spaces, tend to stay shorter and move faster when they reside in the virtual target zone if their visits are coupled to relatively high stimulus intensity (≥49dB). Thus, close-loop presentation of perceived aversive feedback is sufficient to condition mice to avoid virtual targets within the span of a single session (~20min).SignificanceNeuromodulation techniques now allow control of neural activity in a cell-type specific manner in spiking resolution. Using animal behavior to drive closed-loop control of neural activity would help to address the neural basis of behavioral state and environmental context-dependent information processing in the brain.
Pervasive translation of circular RNAs driven by short IRES-like elements
Authors: Fan Xiaojuan , Yang Yun , Chen Chuyun , Wang Zefeng 
Published: November 2018

AbstractAlthough some circular RNAs (circRNAs) were found to be translated through IRES-driven mechanism, the scope and functions of circRNA translation are unclear because endogenous IRESs are rare. To determine the prevalence and mechanism of circRNA translation, we developed a cell-based system to screen random sequences and identified 97 overrepresented hexamers that drive cap-independent circRNA translation. These IRES-like short elements are significantly enriched in endogenous circRNAs and sufficient to drive circRNA translation. We further identified multipletrans-acting factors that bind these IRES-like elements to initiate translation. Using mass-spectrometry data, hundreds of circRNA-coded peptides were identified, most of which have low abundance due to rapid degradation. As judged by mass-spectrometry, 50% of translatable endogenous circRNAs undergo rolling circle translation, several of which were experimentally validated. Consistently, mutations of the IRES-like element in one circRNA reduced its translation. Collectively, our findings suggest a pervasive translation of circRNAs, providing profound implications in translation control.
Copy when uncertain: Lower light levels result in higher trail pheromone deposition and stronger reliance on pheromone trails in the ant Lasius niger
Authors: Jones Sam , Czaczkes Tomer J. , Gallager Alan J. , Bacon Jonathan P. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractAnimals may gather information from multiple sources, and these information sources may conflict. Theory predicts that, all else being equal, reliance on a particular information source will depend on its information content relative to other sources. Information conflicts are a good area in which to test such predictions. Social insects, such as ants, make extensive use of both private information (e.g. visual route memories) and social information (e.g. pheromone trails) when attempting to locate a food source. Importantly, eusocial insects collaborate on food retrieval, so both information use and information provision may be expected to vary with the information content of alternative information sources. Many ants, such as Lasius niger, are active both day and night. Variation in light levels represents an ecologically important change in the information content of visually-acquired route information. Here, we examine information use and information provision under high light levels (3200 lux), moderate light levels simulating dusk (10 lux) and darkness (0.007 lux). Ants fail to learn the location of a food source in darkness. As light levels decrease, ants show decreasing reliance on private visual information, and increasing pheromone trail following, consistent with a ‘copy when uncertain’ strategy. In moderate light levels and darkness, pheromone deposition increases, presumably to compensate for the low information content of visual information. Varying light levels for cathemeral animals provides a powerful and ecologically meaningful method for examining information use and provision under varying levels of information content.
Detection of breast cancer lymph node metastases in frozen sections with a point-of-care low-cost microscope scanner
Authors: Holmström Oscar , Linder Nina , Moilanen Hannu , Suutala Antti , Nordling Stig , Ståhls Anders , Lundin Mikael , Diwan Vinod , Lundin Johan 
Published: November 2018

AbstractBackgroundDetection of lymph node metastases is essential in breast cancer diagnostics and staging, affecting treatment and prognosis. Intraoperative microscopy analysis of sentinel lymph node frozen sections is standard for detection of axillary metastases, but requires access to a pathologist for sample analysis. Remote analysis of digitized samples is an alternative solution, but is limited by the requirement for high-end slide scanning equipment.ObjectiveTo determine whether the image quality achievable with a low-cost, miniature digital microscope scanner is sufficient for detection of metastases in breast cancer lymph node frozen sections.MethodsLymph node frozen sections from 79 breast cancer patients were digitized using a prototype miniature microscope scanner and a high-end slide scanner. Images were independently reviewed by two pathologists and results compared between devices with conventional light microscopy analysis as ground truth.ResultsDetection of metastases in the images acquired with the miniature scanner yielded an overall sensitivity of 91 % and specificity of 99 % and showed strong agreement when compared to light microscopy (k= 0.91). Strong agreement was also observed when results were compared to results from the high-end slide scanner (k= 0.94). A majority of discrepant cases were micrometastases and sections of which no anticytokeratin staining was available.ConclusionAccuracy of detection of metastatic cells in breast cancer sentinel lymph node frozen sections by visual analysis of samples digitized using low-cost, point-of-care microscopy is comparable to analysis of digital samples scanned using a high-end, whole slide scanner. This technique could potentially provide a workflow for digital diagnostics in resource-limited settings, facilitate sample analysis at the point-of-care and reduce the need for trained experts on-site during surgical procedures.
Clinical experiences with the use of oxytocin injection by healthcare providers in a South-Western State Nigeria: A Cross sectional study
Authors: Ejekam Chioma Stella , Okafor Ifeoma Peace , Anyakora Chimezie , Ozomata Ebenezer A. , Okunade Kehinde , Oridota Sofela Ezekiel , Nwokike Jude 
Published: November 2018

AbstractBackgroundPost-Partum Hemorrhage (PPH), is a leading cause of maternal mortality in Nigeria and most low and middle income countries(LMIC). The World Health Organization(WHO) strongly recommends oxytocin as effective, affordable and the safest drug of first choice in the prevention and treatment of PPH in the third stage of labor. However, there are concerns about its quality. Very high prevalence of poor-quality oxytocin, especially in Africa and Asia has been reported in literature. Excessive and inappropriate use is also common with oxytocin in low-resource settings.ObjectiveTo assess clinical experiences with quality of oxytocin used by healthcare providers in Lagos State Nigeria.MethodsIt was a descriptive cross-sectional study done in 2017. Seven hundred and five respondents (doctors and nurses) who use oxytocin for obstetrics and gynaecological services were recruited from 195 health facilities (public and registered private) across Lagos State. Data collection was quantitative, using a pretested self-administered questionnaire. Data analysis was done using IBM SPSS version 21. Statistical significance was set at 5%(p<0.05). Ethical approval was obtained from Lagos University Teaching Hospital Health Research Ethics Committee. Funding support was provided by the Promoting the Quality of Medicines, a program funded by the U.S. Agency for International Development and implemented by the U.S. Pharmacopeia Convention.ResultsOnly 52 percent of the respondents knew oxytocin should be stored at 2°C to 8°C. About 80% of the respondents used oxytocin for augmentation of labor; 68% for induction of labor, 51% for stimulation of labor and 78% for management of PPH. Forty-one percent used 20IU and as much as 10% used 30IU to 60IU for management of PPH. About 13% of the respondents have experienced use of an ineffective brand of oxytocin in their practice. Just over a third (36%) of the respondents had an available means of documenting or reporting perceived ineffectiveness of drugs in their facility. Of these, only about 12% had pharmacovigilance forms available in their facilities to report the ineffectiveness.ConclusionThe inappropriate and inconsistent use of oxytocin especially overdosing likely led to the spuriously high perception of medicine effectiveness among respondents. This is also coupled with lack of suspicion of medicine ineffectiveness by clinicians as a possible root cause of poor treatment response or disease progression. Poor knowledge of oxytocin storage and consequent poor storage practices could have contributed to the ineffectiveness reported by some respondents. There is need for the establishment of a unified protocol for oxytocin use with strict compliance to the guidelines. Continued training of healthcare providers in medicines safety monitoring is advocated.
Towards nurturing the entrepreneurial intentions of neglected female business students of Pakistan through proactive personality, self-efficacy and university support factors
Authors: Sidratulmunthah  , Hussain Saddam , Imran Malik Muhammad 
Published: November 2018

Purpose
Nowadays in the competitive economy, the field of entrepreneurship and particularly female entrepreneurship is rapidly advancing, and its contribution to the economy is imperative. Consequently, the female business students’ factors and university support factors are imperative to nurture the entrepreneurial intentions, but the literature does not address them at large. Therefore, this study aims to examine the impact of proactive personality, entrepreneurial self-efficacy and perceived university support factors on female student’s entrepreneurial intentions.

Design/methodology/approach
The data from a total of 306 female students from the business schools of universities of Pakistan is collected through the personal physical-survey questionnaires. The data were then analyzed through Partial Least Square-Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) technique for results.

Findings
The results indicate that the proactive personality, entrepreneurial self-efficacy and university support factors are the significant predictors of entrepreneurial intentions of female students. Moreover, the results also support that entrepreneurial self-efficacy partially mediates the relationship between proactive personality and entrepreneurial intentions of female students.

Originality/value
To the best of authors’ knowledge, the study originality lies in the testing of university support factors and individual personality factors (entrepreneurial self-efficacy and proactive personality) as the predictors of entrepreneurial intentions. Moreover, the present study provides the useful insight for the policymakers in formulating, delivering and evaluating educational policies into the universities for female students.
Should the family or the state provide support for the elderly people? Findings from a two-generational Finnish study
Authors: Tanskanen Antti O. , Kallio Johanna , Danielsbacka Mirkka 
Published: November 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate public opinions towards elderly care. The authors analysed respondents’ opinions towards financial support, practical help and care for elderly people.Design/methodology/approachThe authors used nationally representative data collected in Finland in 2012. Respondents represent an older generation (born between 1945 and 1950,n=1,959) and their adult children (born between 1962 and 1993,n=1,652).FindingsFirst, the authors compared the opinions of older and younger Finns but did not find that older adults were more likely than younger adults support the state responsibility, or vice versa. It was also when only actual parent-child dyads (n=779) from same families were included. Next, the authors found that several socioeconomic and family-related variables were associated with public opinions of elderly care in both generations. For instance, in both generations lower-income individuals supported the state’s responsibility more compared to their better-off counterparts.Originality/valueThe study provides important knowledge on attitudes towards elderly care using unique two-generational data of younger and older adults.
Leading with love and hospitality: applying a radical pedagogy to LIS
Authors: Cooke Nicole A. 
Published: November 2018

Purpose
This paper aims to suggest that classroom instructors should reflect and revise their pedagogy to lead a classroom designed to produce future information professionals who will be prepared to serve their communities in a radical way.

Design/methodology/approach
The paper reviews the literature related to radical and humanizing pedagogies and then features an auto ethnographic case study which details how the author implemented some of the strategies.

Findings
Formal study of pedagogy can improve the library and information science (LIS) teaching and learning process.

Practical implications
Examining pedagogy in a formal way yields concrete suggestions for improving classroom management and content delivery.

Social implications
Using a radical pedagogy can improve relationships between teachers and learners, and learners will be able to model the classroom strategies in their own professional practice.

Originality/value
The study builds upon current examples of radical practice in the field and examines how such practices can be instilled even earlier in LIS graduate classrooms.
Services in global value chains – the cases of Taiwan and Korea
Authors: Chen Min Hui 
Published: November 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explore the value added of exports of services, which increasingly involve intermediate inputs to manufacturing and are indirectly embodied in intermediate and finished good exports to the global market earned by Taiwan and South Korea.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper uses the World Input-Output Database to examine and compare the competitiveness of service industry between Taiwan and South Korea in China from 1995 to 2011. The author measures the value added of export in two ways: value added in trade (VAiT) and trade in value added (TiVA).

Findings
The proportion of domestic (intermediate and final demand) VAiT was created by Taiwanese and South Korean exports to China. The services amount share of value added embodied in Taiwanese electrical and optical equipment (ELE) exports to China increased gradually (38.0–45.7 percent) from 1996 to 2011, that was more than that of South Korea (26.7–23.3 percent). Taiwanese financial and business (F&B) service contributed to Taiwanese ELE production exported to China. In service sectors, the proportion of VAiT of Taiwanese F&B service embodied in ELE exports to China increased annually (9.8–11.5 percent), that was similar to that of South Korea (12.2–11.3 percent). Thus, F&B sector played an increasingly important role in service sectors. Taiwanese F&B promotes the ELE export to China with higher efficiency than South Korea does.

Originality/value
Over the past two decades, the development of information technology and the growth of international specialization and fragmentation of production processes have brought about a global value chains (GVCs) phenomenon in services, which has already been taking place in manufacturing for a long time. Intangible value added of services increasingly involved intermediate inputs from manufacturing and were indirectly embodied in intermediate and finished goods exported to the global market. The focus of this paper is to analyze how the service industry participates in the development of the GVC, with emphasis on the export of ELE production to China in the bilateral trade of Taiwan and Korea with China. In addition to the value-added components, the exports of F&B intermediate products to China have been increasing year by year, and Taiwanese is higher than South Korean. In the bilateral trade between Taiwan or Korea and China, for ELE production exported to China, double counted part of intermediate products is increasing year by year. In terms of the value added of the double counting of F&B exports to China, Taiwan is higher (PDC, 31.23–17.26 percent) than South Korea. (PDC, 8.7–15.12 percent). South Korea and China are not as closely related as Taiwan and China.
The leadership of the school principal
Authors: Dash Sanket Sunand , Vohra Neharika 
Published: November 2018

PurposeThe mechanisms through which superiors’ leadership styles and subordinates’ internal cognitions affect subordinates’ actual behaviour and attitudes are relatively unexplored in most contexts. This paper aims to bridge the gap by exploring the mediating effect of teachers’ cognitions (psychological empowerment) in the relationship between principals’ leadership style (empowering leadership) and teachers’ behaviour (job crafting) and attitudes (work alienation and organizational commitment).Design/methodology/approachPartial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) was used on data obtained from 624 teachers of primary classes in Indian private schools.FindingsPsychological empowerment partially mediates the relationship between empowering leadership and job crafting and job crafting partially mediates the relationship between empowering leadership and work alienation and affective commitment. Work alienation partially mediates the relationship between job crafting and affective commitment. Empowering leadership has a direct effect on job crafting.Research limitations/implicationsDue to the lack of longitudinal data, causality cannot be established. Also, there are concerns about the factor structure of scales.Practical implicationsPrincipals demonstrating empowering leadership can help teachers become more proactive and feel more empowered, less alienated and more committed. More proactive teachers and less alienated teachers are more likely to engage in self-initiated professional development and collaboration, thereby improving the teaching-learning process. Though this study was done in the school context, it is believed that the findings can plausibly apply to managers/leaders who work with complex, ambiguous work and knowledge workers.Originality/valueFirst, the study extends the research on job crafting by studying the relationship between leadership style (empowering leadership) and job crafting. Second, the identification of the mechanisms through which leaders (principals) can help subordinates (teachers) find meaning in work (reduction in alienation) and develop commitment is an original contribution.