bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dermoscopy of cutaneous smooth muscle neoplasms: a morphological study of 136 cases
Authors: Zaballos P. , del Pozo L.J. , Argenziano G. , Medina C. , Lacarrubba F. , Ferrer B. , Martin J.M. , Llambrich A. , Zalaudek I. , Bañuls J. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBackgroundA variety of cutaneous smooth muscle neoplasms may arise in the skin and are frequently unrecognized by clinicians. There is sparse data relating to the dermoscopy of piloleiomyomas (PL), and nothing has been published about the dermoscopy of angioleiomyomas (AL) and leiomyosarcomas (LS).ObjectivesTo evaluate the morphological findings of a large series of cutaneous PL, AL and LS under dermoscopic observation, comparing these findings among them.MethodsDigital dermoscopic images of 136 histopathologically confirmed cases of cutaneous smooth muscle neoplasms (114 PL, 13 AL and 9 LS) collected from 10 Hospitals in Spain, Austria and Italy were evaluated for the presence of dermoscopic structures and patterns.ResultsThe pattern composed of a symmetric, total delicate pigment network with the variable presence of multiple hypopigmented areas in a painful lesion is the most common dermoscopic pattern associated with PL. This pattern was found in 69.3% of PL and in no cases of AL and LS. The most common and characteristic pattern associated with AL was the one composed of symmetric pink‐reddish tumour with vessels, white structures and the absence of ulceration, which was found in 46.2% of AL, but also in 3.5% of PL, and in 22.2% of LS. Finally, the most common pattern associated with LS was the one composed of an asymmetric, multilobulated tumour with linear‐irregular or polymorphic‐atypical vessels and white structures, which was found in 44.4% of cases, but also in 0.9% of PL and in 15.4% of AL.ConclusionDermoscopy is helpful in improving the diagnostic accuracy of PL. The dermoscopic patterns associated with AL and LS were more variable and less specific.
Itch relief in patients with psoriasis: effectiveness of calcipotriol plus betamethasone dipropionate foam
Authors: Jalili A. , Lebwohl M. , Stein Gold L. , Andersen S.B. , Jensen K.L. , Pink A.E. , Segaert S. , Berg P. , Calzavara‐Pinton P.G. , de la Cueva Dobao P. , Thaçi D. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBackgroundItch is common in psoriasis, adversely affecting health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) and sleep.ObjectiveWe evaluated the efficacy of topical fixed‐dose combination calcipotriol 50 μg/g plus betamethasone dipropionate 0.5 mg/g cutaneous foam (Cal/BD foam) on itch, itch‐related sleep loss and HRQoL vs. foam vehicle.MethodsWe pooled data from three Phase II/III trials (NCT01536886/NCT01866163/NCT02132936) of Cal/BD foam vs. foam vehicle in adults with mild–severe psoriasis. For itch‐related analyses, patients with baseline itch visual analogue scale (VAS) >40 (range 0–100) were analysed. Outcomes included the following: itch VAS reduction >40, ≥70% improvement in itch (Itch70) or itch‐related sleep loss, 75% improvement in modified Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (excluding head; mPASI75) and Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) scores 0/1 through 4 weeks.ResultsOf 837 patients, 800 had baseline itch VAS >0 (Cal/BD foam, n = 610; foam vehicle, n = 190); 484 had baseline itch VAS >40. There was no correlation between itch VAS score and mPASI at baseline (R2 = 0.021). In patients with baseline itch VAS >40, more patients achieved itch VAS reduction >40 in the active vs. vehicle group from Day 5 onwards (Day 5: 57.5% vs. 40.2% [P < 0.05]; Week 4: 83.0% vs. 45.8% [P < 0.001]). More Cal/BD‐foam‐treated patients achieved Itch70 at Day 3 (34.2% vs. 22.5%; P < 0.05) through to Week 4 (79.3% vs. 38.1%; P < 0.001). In patients with baseline itch VAS >40 and sleep loss >20, improvements in itch‐related sleep loss occurred at Week 1 and continued through 4 weeks. Itch‐related improvements occurred before improvements in mPASI75. There were significant differences in the proportion of Cal/BD‐foam‐ vs. foam‐vehicle‐treated patients with baseline DLQI >10 (n = 172 vs. n = 50) achieving DLQI ≤1 (25.0% vs. 4.0%; P = 0.001) and DLQI 0 (17.4% vs. 2.0%; P = 0.006) at Week 4.ConclusionCompared with foam vehicle, Cal/BD foam offers more rapid and effective itch relief, with associated significant improvements in sleep and DLQI.
Reproducibility of the PIROP ultrasonic biometer for gingival thickness measurements
Authors: Gánti Bernadett , Bednarz Wojciech , Kőműves Karolina , Vág János 
Published: December 2018

AbstractObjectivesGingival thickness (GT) has a great importance in periodontal flap design, gingival recession, and soft tissue esthetic. The aim of this study was to determine the reproducibility of PIROP ultrasonic biometer, which is specially designed for human GT measurements and to compare with the invasive transgingival probing technique.Materials and MethodsGT was measured in 25 periodontally healthy volunteers both by PIROP and an endodontic spreader on the attached gingiva. Reproducibility was assessed by calculating standrad deviaton (SD) in five repeated measurements and Pearson correlation coefficient (r). Agreement between the two methods was evaluated based on Bland‐Altman limits of agreement (LoA).ResultsNo systemic bias in GT was observed between the two methods. The repeatability of the PIROP was better than the spreader method (SD = 0.14 mm vs 0.20 mm, P < 0.001). With five repetitions, the measurement error of the PIROP was halved. The correlation among the repeated observations were strong (r = 0.86) for the ultrasonic, weak (r = 0.34) for the invasive method. The LoA between the two methods was −0.58 to +0.75 mm.ConclusionPIROP is a reliable device for GT measurements, but it is recommended to repeat the measurement a few times to improve the precision in individual case.Clinical SignificancePIROP ultrasonic biometer could be used in routine practice to reliably measure the GT in noninvasive way. After short learning curve the measurement can be done quickly and conveniently.
Is Sexting Associated with Sexual Behaviors During Adolescence? A Systematic Literature Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Handschuh Caroline , La Cross Allison , Smaldone Arlene 
Published: December 2018

IntroductionA growing body of research has addressed adolescent use of mobile devices to exchange sexually explicit images and messages (sexting). Although there are legal consequences in some states for sexting among adolescents, research findings have also demonstrated associations between sexting and sexual activity. The purpose of this systematic review was to synthesize research examining the association between adolescent sexting and sexual activity.MethodsFive databases (CINAHL, Embase, Ovid MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and Scopus) were searched for studies measuring adolescent sexting and sexual behaviors. Studies were appraised for quality using a modified Downs and Black scale. Studies reporting frequencies or odds ratios were eligible for inclusion in random effects meta‐analytic models.ResultsOf 669 articles retrieved, 9 studies met inclusion criteria for systematic review; of these, 6 were included in meta‐analysis. After pooling data from 9676 adolescents, the odds of reporting sexual activity were found to be 6.3 times higher (95% CI, 4.9‐8.1; Q = 14.3; I2 = 65.1) for adolescents who sent sexts compared with those who did not.DiscussionThese data suggest that adolescents who send sexually explicit text messages are more likely to report sexual activity than adolescents who do not. Midwives are well poised to integrate a discussion of sexting into sexual and reproductive health counseling with adolescent and young adult patients.
Dermoscopic follow‐up of therapeutic response in mantle cell lymphoma with secondary involvement of the scalp
Authors: Swoboda Ryszard , Kaminska‐Winciorek Grazyna , Jaworska Magdalena , Giebel Sebastian 
Published: December 2018

SummaryThe scalp is a potential location for both benign and malignant tumors. Lymphoproliferative diseases can involve the skin as a primary or secondary manifestation. Dermoscopy is a noninvasive diagnostic tool for rapid diagnosis, screening, and follow‐up of the majority of skin tumors. Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL), a rare type of aggressive systemic lymphoma, usually occurs as a generalized lymphadenopathy, commonly with infiltration of the bone marrow, spleen, gastrointestinal tract, and Waldeyer's ring. In rare cases, it can also involve other structures, such as the lungs, central nervous system, liver, or skin. We report the case of a 74‐year‐old male patient suffering from MCL since 2015. Complete remission was obtained after R‐CHOP (rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone) treatment. During maintenance therapy with rituximab, a solitary tumor occurred on the scalp. Dermoscopy of the lesion suggested relapse because of the presence of multiple chaotically distributed short linear vessels with multiple red dots within the hair follicles. Histological examination confirmed the diagnosis of MCL. After second‐line therapy with rituximab and bendamustine (R‐B), the tumor of the scalp completely disappeared and dermoscopy showed no abnormalities.
Ischemic optic neuropathy in robotic‐assisted gynaecologic surgery: A case report
Authors: Ozcan Altan A. , Ulas Burak 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe study was aimed to present a rare case of who developed non arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION) following robotic‐assisted gynaecologic surgery. A 58‐year‐old female patient presented with vision loss in right eye after non‐complicated robotic‐assisted total hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo‐oopherectomy. We observed on fundoscopy optic disc edema and splinter hemorrhages at the optic disc edges. Fluorescein angiography showed hypofluorescence of the optic disc in the early phases due to filling delay followed by hyperfluorescence with leakage from disc capillaries in the late phases of the angiogram. From these findings, we diagnosed NAION in the right eye. When NAION was diagnosed, the patient received intravenous methylprednisolone. Topical brimonidin and coenzyme‐Q were given. On 1‐month follow‐up, recovery of visual loss was observed. Here, we present a case of NAION that is an uncommon cause of perioperative visual loss after robotic‐assisted gyneacologic surgery.
A novel model for predicting non‐responsiveness to intravenous immunoglobulins in Kawasaki disease: The Singapore experience
Authors: Grignani Robert , Rajgor Dimple D , Leow Yao‐Guang , Heng Chew‐Kiat , Quek Swee‐Chye 
Published: December 2018

AimWe aimed to assess the utility of four published risk‐scoring methods in predicting intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIG) non‐responsiveness in Kawasaki disease (KD) patients from Singapore and develop a new predictive model.MethodsWe reviewed the medical records of 215 KD children. The performance of existing scoring methods in identifying non‐responsive cases based on sensitivities (SN) and specificities (SP) was evaluated in 122 Singaporean Chinese. From our dataset, a model involving six predictors was built.ResultsThe following respective SN (%) and SP (%) were obtained: Egami: 26%, 68%; Kobayashi: 21%, 62%; Sano: 13%, 86% and Fukunishi: 46%, 71%. These results indicated that the existing scoring methods performed poorly compared to those reported in their respective original publications, which ranged between 68 and 87%. The new predictive model was derived with an improved SN (80%) and SP (80%).ConclusionsCurrently available risk‐scoring methods have less applicability in the Singaporean Chinese population. The proposed new risk‐scoring predictive model derived based on data from Chinese cohort demonstrated much better SN and SP.
Targeting Dental Caries and Body Mass Index Among Special Olympics Athletes in Australia
Authors: Pradhan Archana 
Published: December 2018

AbstractDental caries and obesity‐associated chronic diseases are an additional burden to people with intellectual disabilities and one which can be reduced. To determine the association between dental caries and body mass index (BMI) among Special Olympics (SO) athletes. At the National SO Games (2014), three volunteer dentists screened consenting SO athletes (n = 116; 15–57 years old) and recorded decayed (D), missing (M), filled (F) teeth and caries experience (DMFT > 0). Volunteer‐accredited sports dietitians measured BMI as underweight (<18.5), normal (18.5–24.9), overweight (25.0–29.9), and obese (≥30) or used World Health Organization (WHO) classification of BMI‐for‐age for those under 19 years of age. The prevalence of decayed teeth was 16% and the mean DMFT was 4.0. About 40% of SO athletes had one or more missing and filled teeth. A third of the SO athletes had normal weight (33%), and the rest were overweight (40%) or obese (27%). Missing teeth and caries experience were significantly associated with higher BMI (χ2, p < .05). A more efficient common risk factor approach that simultaneously targets both dental caries and obesity should be adopted to improve the oral health and general health of SO athletes and the larger, more vulnerable population of people with intellectual disability.
Comprehensive blood group antigen profile predictions for Western Desert Indigenous Australians from whole exome sequence data
Authors: Schoeman Elizna M. , Roulis Eileen V. , Perry Maree A. , Flower Robert L. , Hyland Catherine A. 
Published: December 2018

BACKGROUNDThe distribution of RBC antigens, which define blood group types, differs among populations. In contrast to many world populations, blood group profiles for Indigenous Australians have not been well studied. As it is now possible to predict comprehensive blood group antigen profiles from genomic data sets, we aimed to apply this for Indigenous Australians and to provide a comparison to other major world populations.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODSWhole exome sequence data for 72 Western Desert Indigenous Australians was provided by the Telethon Kids Institute. Variants (against hg19) were annotated using computer software (ANNOVAR, Qiagen Bioinformatics) and filtered to include only variants in genes for 36 blood group systems, and the transcription factors KLF1 and GATA1. The RHCE*C allele and RHD zygosity were identified by copy number variant analysis of sequence alignments. The impact of missense variants was investigated in silico using a meta‐predictor of disease‐causing variants (Meta‐SNP).RESULTSFor 21 blood group systems the predicted blood group antigen frequencies were comparable to those for other major world populations. For 13 systems, interesting points of contrast were identified. Furthermore, we identified 12 novel variants, one novel D allele, and four rare variants with potential clinical significance.CONCLUSIONThis is the first systematic assessment of genomic data to elucidate blood group antigen profiles for Indigenous Australians who are linguistically and culturally diverse. Our study paves the way to understanding the geographic distribution of blood group variants in different Indigenous groups and the associated RBC phenotypes. This in turn is expected to guide transfusion practice for Indigenous individuals.
Intraocular pressure change after injection of intravitreal dexamethasone (Ozurdex) implant in Korean patients
Authors: Choi Wungrak , Park Sung Eun , Kang Hyun Goo , Byeon Suk Ho , Kim Sung Soo , Koh Hyoung Jun , Lee Sungchul , Seong Gong Je , Kim Chan Yun , Kim Min 
Published: December 2018

Background/AimsTo analyse intraocular pressure (IOP) changes over a period of 1 year after intravitreal dexamethasone (DEX, Ozurdex) implant injection and to compare the results with those of previously published studies that involved non-Asian populations.MethodsA retrospective observational study was conducted. A total of 540 eyes of 503 patients who received DEX implant injection and were diagnosed with macular oedema (ME) due to various retinal diseases were examined. IOP was measured prior to injection and at 1 week, 1 month, 2 months, 3 months, 6 months and 12 months after DEX implant injection. IOP elevation was divided into four categories: postinjection IOP of >35 mm Hg, >30 mm Hg and >25 mm Hg, and an IOP elevation of >10 mm Hg, relative to the baseline measurement.ResultsThe mean baseline IOP was 13.45±2.95. The mean IOP gradually increased until 2 months postinjection (IOP=16.85±5.96 mm Hg, p<0.001) and then gradually decreased until 12 months postinjection (IOP=13.80±4.04mm Hg, p=0.16). IOP was >25 mm Hg in 57 eyes (10.6%), >30mm Hg in 29 eyes (5.4%) and >35mm Hg in 9 eyes (1.7%); IOP exhibited >10 mm Hg elevation from the baseline IOP in 61 eyes (11.3%). Overall, the incidence rate of IOP elevation after DEX treatment was 12.6% (68 eyes). Among the 68 eyes (12.6%) with elevated IOP, 60 (11.1%) required treatment: 59 (10.9%) required IOP-lowering medication and 1 (0.2%) ultimately required surgical interventions.ConclusionsThe incidence of adverse IOP elevation requiring the prolonged use of IOP-lowering medication and surgical intervention after DEX implantation was significantly lower than the incidence reported in previous Western population-based studies. Intravitreal DEX injection may therefore be an effective and relatively safe treatment modality for ME in Asian patients.
mCME project V.2.0: randomised controlled trial of a revised SMS-based continuing medical education intervention among HIV clinicians in Vietnam
Authors: Gill Christopher J , Le Ngoc Bao , Halim Nafisa , Chi Cao Thi Hue , Nguyen Viet Ha , Bonawitz Rachael , Hoang Pham Vu , Nguyen Hoang Long , Huong Phan Thi Thu , Larson Williams Anna , Le Ngoc Anh , Sabin Lora 
Published: December 2018

BackgroundContinuing medical education (CME) is indispensable, but costs are a barrier. We tested the effectiveness of a novel mHealth intervention (mCME V.2.0) promoting CME among Vietnamese HIV clinicians.MethodsWe enrolled HIV clinicians from three provinces near Hanoi. The 6-month intervention consisted of (1) daily short message service multiple-choice quiz questions, (2) daily linked readings, (3) links to online CME courses and (4) feedback messages describing the performance of the participant relative to the group. Control participants had equal access to the online CME courses. Our primary endpoint was utilisation of the online CME courses; secondary endpoints were self-study behaviour, performance on a standardised medical exam and job satisfaction.ResultsFrom 121 total HIV clinicians in the three provinces, 106 (87.6%) enrolled, and 48/53 intervention (90%) and 47/53 control (89%) participants completed the endline evaluations. Compared with controls, intervention participants were more likely to use the CME courses (risk ratio (RR) 2.3, 95% CI 1.4 to 3.8, accounting for 83% of course use (P<0.001)). Intervention participants increased self-study behaviours over controls in terms of use of medical textbooks (P<0.01), consulting with colleagues (P<0.01), searching on the internet (P<0.001), using specialist websites (P=0.02), consulting the Vietnam HIV/AIDS treatment guidelines (P=0.02) and searching the scientific literature (P=0.09). Intervention participants outperformed controls on the exam (+23% vs +12% score gains, P=0.05) and had higher job satisfaction.ConclusionThe mCME V.2.0 intervention improved self-study behaviour, medical knowledge and job satisfaction. This approach has potential for expansion in Vietnam and similar settings.Trial registration numberNCT02381743.
Tracking Arteriovenous Fistula Maturation: A Novel Approach
Authors: Rosales Laura M. , Zhang Hanjie , Mateo Marilou , Chan Brenda , Campos Israel , Harbord Nikolas , Thijssen Stephan , Kotanko Peter 
Published: December 2018

<b><i>Background:</i></b> The time between the creation of an arteriovenous fistula (AVF) and its successful use is significantly longer in hemodialysis (HD) patients in the United States compared to those in other countries, and there is an urgent need to reduce the residence time of central-venous catheters (CVC). <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Successful AVF creation and maturation results in typical hemodynamic changes, such as an increase in cardiac output and upper body blood flow (UBBF). In patients with CVC as vascular access, we measured once per minute intradialytic central-venous oxygen saturation (ScvO<sub>2</sub>) and hemoglobin levels simultaneously using the Crit-Line Monitor. Under conditions of stable upper body oxygen consumption and arterial oxygen saturation, ScvO<sub>2</sub> and hemoglobin concentration allows the calculation of estimated UBBF (eUBBF). In a quality improvement project, we used ScvO<sub>2</sub> and eUBBF to track the hemodynamic changes accompanying AVF maturation. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Out of 11 patients (9 incident to HD, 1 female, age 61 ± 13 years), AVF maturation was successful in 9. In 1 patient, the AVF did not mature. One patient died from sudden cardiac death with a maturing AVF. In the 9 patients with successful AVF maturation, ScvO<sub>2</sub> increased from 60.9 ± 2.7% prior to AVF creation to 73.4 ± 3.6% a week after AVF creation (19.6 ± 6.3% increase). eUBBF increased from 1.3 ± 0.3 to 2.2 ± 0.6 L/min (62.7 ± 37.5% increase); no material ScvO<sub>2</sub> or eUBBF changes occurred in the other 2 patients. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Our results indicate the potential utility of ScvO<sub>2</sub> and eUBBF to track the hemodynamic response to AVF maturation. To what extent these insights translate into shortening of the time between AVF creation and successful cannulation warrants further investigations.
Abstract 080: Characterization of Blood Pressure Response to Spironolactone in Patients With Resistant Hypertension using Electronic Medical Records
Authors: Shuey Megan M , Nian Hui , Yu Chang , Luther James M , Brown Nancy J 
Published: December 2018

Spironolactone is a recommended add-on therapy for BP control in patients with resistant hypertension (RH). We hypothesized that we could use electronic medical records (EMR) to assess the BP response to the addition of spironolactone in patients with apparent RH who were on a stable anti-hypertensive regimen of at least three antihypertensive medications including a thiazide or dihydropyridine CCB.
Patients with RH were identified using a previously published algorithm. We developed an algorithm to identify patients initiated on spironolactone during a period of otherwise stable medication use from up to six months before and after the start of spironolactone to evaluate BP response.

We identified 977 RH patients (751 white and 226 black) prescribed spironolactone during a stable medication window. The median dose of spironolactone prescribed was 25 mg and 724 patients were prescribed 25 mg (74.1%). The mean decrease in SBP following spironolactone was 8.5
+
18.1 mmHg and the mean decrease in DBP was 4.0
+
9.9 mmHg, consistent with data from clinical trials.

Using a mean decrease in SBP of 5 mmHg or in DBP of 2 mmHg to define “responders,” we found that 29% (283 of 977) of patients were nonresponders. Responders had significantly higher baseline BPs (p<0.001), were older (p=0.04), and had larger decreases in the eGFR (p<0.001) and serum Na
+
(p<0.004) and larger increases in creatinine (p<0.001) and K
+
(p<0.001) after starting spironolactone than nonresponders. In blacks, glucose increased following spironolactone in responders compared to non-responders (2.27
+
40.77 vs -15.47
+
62.94 mg/dL, p=0.03); this relationship was not observed in whites.

When response was evaluated as a continuous variable, the decrease in SBP and DBP correlated with the decrease in serum Na
+
(p=0.04) and with the increases in serum K
+
(p=0.01) and creatinine (p<0.001). In blacks, there was a significant correlation between decrease in SBP and increase in glucose (p=0.04).

We have developed an algorithm to assess the BP response to spironolactone in patients with RH using the EMR. Electrolyte changes associated with the BP response to spironolactone are consistent with its mechanism of action to block the mineralocorticoid receptor and decrease activity of the epithelial Na
+
channel.