bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The oncology pharmacist as part of the palliative treatment team
Authors: Crul Mirjam , Oosterhof Piter 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Objectives
Patients who are no longer eligible for curative treatment often suffer from multiple complaints and require a multidisciplinary treatment approach. We incorporated two pharmacists in the palliative team, one hospital pharmacist and one pharmacist who were trained as a community pharmacist. The objective of our study was to evaluate their contribution to the palliative team.

Methods
During 13 months, the two pharmacists participated in all regular patient reviews and rounds and were available for individual consultation by all members of the palliative team on a daily basis. Each intervention (consults at request or during the patient rounds) was logged and categorised.

Key findings
During the study period, 115 patients were under the care of the palliative treatment team. The pharmacists were actively involved in 107 of these (93%). Pharmacists interventions occurred in 76% of patients, with an average of 1.5 interventions per patient. The most common intervention types were giving general therapeutic advice, starting of a drug for an uncontrolled symptom and stopping a drug that was given as prophylaxis. When comparing the contribution of the hospital pharmacist and the outpatient pharmacist, their interventions overlapped with regard to starting drugs, choice of drugs and side-effect management. However, interventions on parenteral drugs or optimising the route of administration mostly came from the hospital pharmacist, whereas the outpatient pharmacist more often intervened in increasing adherence and stopping drugs.

Conclusion
The palliative pharmacist team adds expertise to the palliative treatment team, with an active contribution in 76% of patients.
Clusters of competence: Relationship between self‐reported professional competence and achievement on a national examination among graduating nursing students
Authors: Forsman Henrietta , Jansson Inger , Leksell Janeth , Lepp Margret , Sundin Andersson Christina , Engström Maria , Nilsson Jan 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAimsTo identify clusters based on graduating nursing students’ self‐reported professional competence and their achievement on a national examination. Furthermore, to describe and compare the identified clusters regarding sample characteristics, students’ perceptions of overall quality of the nursing programme, and students’ general self‐efficacy (GSE).DesignA cross‐sectional study combining survey data and results from a national examination.MethodsData were collected at two universities and one university college in Sweden in January 2017, including 179 students in the final term of the nursing programme. The study was based on the Nurse Professional Competence Scale, the GSE scale, and results from the National Clinical Final Examination. A two‐step cluster analysis was used to identify competence profiles, followed by comparative analyses between clusters.ResultsThree clusters were identified illustrating students’ different competence profiles. Students in Clusters 1 and 2 passed the examination, but differed in their self‐assessments of competence, rating themselves under and above the overall median value, respectively. Students in Cluster 3 failed the examination but rated themselves at the overall median level or higher.ConclusionThe study illustrates how nursing students’ self‐assessed competence might differ from competency assessed by examination, which is challenging for nursing education. Self‐evaluation is a key learning outcome and is, in the long run, essential to patient safety.ImpactThe study has identified clusters of students where some overestimate and others underestimate their competence. Students who assessed their competence low but passed the exam assessed their GSE lower than other students. The findings illuminate the need for student‐centred strategies in nursing education, including elements of self‐assessment in relation to examination to make the students more aware of their clinical competence.
Being ‘A Google Mom’ or securely monitored at home: Perceptions of remote monitoring in maternity care
Authors: Niela‐Vilen Hannakaisa , Rahmani Amir , Liljeberg Pasi , Axelin Anna 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAimsTo understand the perspectives of both healthcare professionals in maternity care and pregnant women with higher risk pregnancies about remote monitoring in maternity care.DesignQualitative descriptive design.MethodsIndividual and focus group interviews were conducted in public maternity care and in a level III hospital in Finland during April–May 2018. The sample consisted of healthcare professionals working in the primary care and at the hospital and hospitalized pregnant women. Altogether, 17 healthcare professionals and 4 pregnant women participated in the study. The data were analysed using inductive thematic network analysis.ResultsMany possibilities – and an equal number of concerns – were identified regarding remote monitoring in pregnancy, depending on the respondent's viewpoint from holistic to symptom‐centred care. Healthcare staff had reservations about technology due to previous negative experiences and difficulties trusting technology. The pregnant women thought that monitoring would ease the staff's workload if the latter had enough technological skills. Remote monitoring could increase security in pregnancy care but create a feeling of false security if the women ignored their subjective symptoms. Face‐to‐face visits and the uniqueness of human contact were strongly favoured. Pregnant women wished to use monitoring as a confirmation of their subjective feelings.ConclusionRemote monitoring could be used as a supplementary system in pregnancy care, although it could replace only some healthcare visits. Pregnant women identified more possibilities for remote monitoring compared with the staff members both in primary care and the hospital.ImpactA comprehensive understanding of pregnant women's and healthcare professionals' perceptions of remote monitoring in pregnancy was built to be able to develop new technologies in maternity care. In certain cases, remote monitoring would supplement traditional pregnancy follow‐ups. Staff in primary and specialized care, and healthcare managers, should support teamwork to be able to understand different approaches to pregnancy care.
microRNA‐1914, which is regulated by lncRNA DUXAP10, inhibits cell proliferation by targeting the GPR39‐mediated PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway in HCC
Authors: Sun Liankang , Wang Liang , Chen Tianxiang , Yao Bowen , Wang Yufeng , Li Qing , Yang Wei , Liu Zhikui 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIncreasing studies have confirmed that abnormally expressed microRNAs (miRNAs) take part in the carcinogenesis as well as the aggravation of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, little information is currently available about miR‐1914 in HCC. Here, we first confirmed that miR‐1914 inhibition in HCC cell lines and tumour specimens correlates with tumour size and histological grade. In a series of functional experiments, miR‐1914 inhibited tumour proliferation and colony formation, resulting in cell cycle arrest and increased apoptosis. Moreover, miR‐1914 mediated its functional effects by directly targeting GPR39 in HCC cells, leading to PI3K/AKT/mTOR repression. Restoring GPR39 expression incompletely counteracted the physiological roles of miR‐1914 in HCC cells. In addition, down‐regulation of AKT phosphorylation inhibited the effects of miR‐1914 in HCC. Furthermore, the overexpression of lncRNA DUXAP10 negatively correlated with the expression of miR‐1914 in HCC; thus, lncRNA DUXAP10 regulated miR‐1914 expression and modulated the GPR39/PI3K/AKT‐mediated cellular behaviours. In summary, the present study demonstrated for the first time that lncRNA DUXAP10–regulated miR‐1914 plays a functional role in inhibiting HCC progression by targeting GPR39‐mediated PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, and this miRNA represents a novel therapeutic target for patients with HCC.
The role of microvesicles containing microRNAs in vascular endothelial dysfunction
Authors: Shu Zeyu , Tan Jin , Miao Yuyang , Zhang Qiang 
Published: October 2019

AbstractMany studies have shown that endothelial dysfunction is associated with a variety of cardiovascular diseases. The endothelium is one of the primary targets of circulating microvesicles. Besides, microRNAs emerge as important regulators of endothelial cell function. As a delivery system of microRNAs, microvesicles play an active and important role in regulating vascular endothelial function. In recent years, some studies have shown that microvesicles containing microRNAs regulate the pathophysiological changes in vascular endothelium, such as cell apoptosis, proliferation, migration and inflammation. These studies have provided some clues for the possible roles of microvesicles and microRNAs in vascular endothelial dysfunction‐associated diseases, and opened the door towards discovering potential novel therapeutic targets. In this review, we provide an overview of the main characteristics of microvesicles and microRNAs, summarizing their potential role and mechanism in endothelial dysfunction, and discussing the clinical application and existing problems of microvesicles for better translational applications.
Transcriptome sequencing of adenomyosis eutopic endometrium: A new insight into its pathophysiology
Authors: Xiang Yuqian , Sun Yabing , Yang Bingxin , Yang Yeping , Zhang Ying , Yu Tiantian , Huang Hefeng , Zhang Junyu , Xu Hong 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe eutopic endometrium has been suggested to play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of adenomyosis. However, the specific genes in eutopic endometrium responsible for the pathogenesis of adenomyosis still remain to be elucidated. We aim to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and molecular pathways/networks in eutopic endometrium from adenomyosis patients and provide a new insight into disease mechanisms at transcriptome level. RNA sequencing (RNA‐Seq) was performed with 12 eutopic endometrium from adenomyosis and control groups. Differentially expressed genes in adenomyosis were validated by quantitative real‐time PCR (qPCR) and immunochemistry. Functional annotations of the DEGs were analysed with Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA). Quantitative DNA methylation analysis of CEBPB was performed with MassArray system. A total of 373 differentially expressed genes were identified in the adenomyosis eutopic endometrium compared to matched controls. Bioinformatic analysis predicted that IL‐6 signalling and ERK/MAPK signalling were activated in adenomyosis endometrium. We also found that the increased expression and DNA hypomethylation of CEBPB were associated with adenomyosis. Our results revealed key pathways and networks in eutopic endometrium of adenomyosis. The study is the first to propose the association between C/EBPβ and adenomyosis and can improve the understanding of the pathogenesis of adenomyosis.
Edgar Dale's Pyramid of Learning in medical education: Further expansion of the myth
Authors: Masters Ken 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIntroductionA mythical Pyramid of Learning, usually attributed to Edgar Dale (or the National Training Laboratories [NTL]) and giving student learning retention rates, has been cited in a wide range of educational literature. A 2013 literature review indicated that medical education literature similarly cites this Pyramid. It was hoped that highlighting this myth in that review would reduce references to the Pyramid in future medical education literature. This study aimed at determining what change in Pyramid citation has occurred in the past 5 years.MethodsA documented literature review, following the same process as the original review, was conducted. The search dates were September 2012 to April 2018, and the databases were Academic Search Complete, CINAHL, Medline and Google Scholar. Sources were from peer‐reviewed journals or conferences, in English.ResultsFrom an initial search result of 992 documents, 41 were found to match the criteria. Trends discovered are: the number of Pyramid citations in medical education literature is increasing dramatically, new sources of the Pyramid are now being used, refutations of the Pyramid are being used to support it, and even researchers who acknowledge the weakness of the Pyramid still cite it.Discussion and ConclusionIn spite of the 2013 review, the situation has become worse. One possible reason is that refutations use too polite academic wording, and other researchers then consider the Pyramid to be merely “disputed” or “debated.” To kill the myth of the Pyramid, it is necessary for this article's Abstract to state unequivocally: The Pyramid is rubbish, the statistics are rubbish, and they do not come from Edgar Dale. Until the NTL can provide details about the original research, their version must also be treated as rubbish.
Peripheral arterial stiffness is correlated with intrarenal arteriolosclerosis according to biopsies from patients with kidney disease
Authors: Li Yisha , Yang Ying , Wang Wenling , Miao Hui , Zhang Li , Cai Guangyan , Chen Xiangmei 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAimTo investigate the possible associations between intrarenal arteriolosclerosis as determine by renal biopsy and endothelial function as well as arterial stiffness measured by peripheral arterial tonometry (EndoPAT).MethodsThis was a cross‐sectional study. Patients who underwent both renal biopsy and EndoPAT were recruited, and intrarenal arteriolosclerosis was graded according to the pathological slice. Endothelial function and arterial stiffness were both measured by EndoPAT and were expressed by the reactive hyperemia index (RHI) and augmentation index (AIx), respectively. AIx@75, representing the AIx standardized to a heart rate of 75 bpm was also determined.ResultsIn total, 113 patients were assessed, the mean age was 51 ± 13, and 68.1% were men. The natural logarithm RHI (LnRHI), AIx and AIx@75 were significantly different among different grades of intrarenal arteriolosclerosis (P = .030, P < .001, P < .001, respectively). In the multivariable adjusted model, for every SD increase in the AIx and AIx@75, the odds of having more severe arteriolosclerosis were 2.506 times (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.464‐4.288, P = .001] and 3.191 times (95% CI 1.780‐5.719, P < .001) higher, respectively, and the association between the LnRHI and intrarenal arteriolosclerosis was nullified (P = .059). The positive values of the AIx and AIx@75 for the diagnosis of severe intrarenal arteriolosclerosis were 0.80 (95% CI 0.73‐0.88, P < .001) and 0.78 (95% CI 0.70‐0.87, P < .001), respectively.ConclusionSubjects with more severe intrarenal arteriolosclerosis have greater peripheral vascular stiffness; AIx and AIx@75 reflected peripheral vascular stiffness could be used to identify patients with severe intrarenal arteriolosclerosis.
A novel association between angiokeratoma corporis diffusum and acid sphingomyelinase deficiency
Authors: Bhoyrul Bevin , Wright David , Heptinstall Lesley , Barski Robert , Berry Ian , Clark Sheila 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAngiokeratoma corporis diffusum refers to symmetrical clusters of minute red papules in a “bathing trunk” distribution and is considered the cutaneous hallmark of Fabry disease. Acid sphingomyelinase deficiency is an autosomal recessive sphingolipidosis, which presents with massive hepatosplenomegaly, pulmonary infiltrates, and skeletal abnormalities. We present the unusual case of a 12‐year‐old girl with acid sphingomyelinase deficiency who developed characteristic lesions of angiokeratoma corporis diffusum.
Exploring spatiotemporal dynamics in a housing market using the spatial vector autoregressive Lasso: A case study of Seoul, Korea
Authors: Jin Chanwoo , Lee Gunhak 
Published: October 2019

AbstractHouse prices fluctuate spatiotemporally and when influential changes from a region happen, the effects spread out in space over time. Although many studies have introduced various models to explain the spatiotemporal dynamics in housing markets, it is always challenging to consider both dimensions in a model. Some recent studies have identified spatiotemporal interactions of house prices by combining spatial and temporal models via spatial vector autoregression. The approach, however, assumes spatial homogeneity of the variables due to insufficient degrees of freedom. Since the housing market is generally conceived as heterogeneous, we suggest an alternative model of the spatial vector autoregressive Lasso without the homogeneity assumption. As an empirical example, we examine the spatiotemporal interaction between house sales price and rent in Seoul, Korea. The results show that rent for apartments in Gangnam‐gu, a socioeconomic core of Seoul, has positive impacts on rent for apartments in surrounding suburbs rather than their sales price. Moreover, the suggested model outperforms the classical method in terms of explanation, prediction, and autocorrelation of residuals. This research is expected to provide a methodological guide to explore the interaction between house sales price and rent, and insights into the spatiotemporal dynamics of the housing market in Seoul.
Osteoclasts—Key Players in Skeletal Health and Disease
Authors: Novack Deborah Veis , Mbalaviele Gabriel 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTThe differentiation of osteoclasts (OCs) from early myeloid progenitors is a tightly regulated process that is modulated by a variety of mediators present in the bone microenvironment. Once generated, the function of mature OCs depends on cytoskeletal features controlled by an αvβ3-containing complex at the bone-apposed membrane and the secretion of protons and acid-protease cathepsin K. OCs also have important interactions with other cells in the bone microenvironment, including osteoblasts and immune cells. Dysregulation of OC differentiation and/or function can cause bone pathology. In fact, many components of OC differentiation and activation have been targeted therapeutically with great success. However, questions remain about the identity and plasticity of OC precursors and the interplay between essential networks that control OC fate. In this review, we summarize the key principles of OC biology and highlight recently uncovered mechanisms regulating OC development and function in homeostatic and disease states.
Mental health and psychosocial support programmes for adults in humanitarian emergencies: a systematic review and meta-analysis in low and middle-income countries
Authors: Bangpan Mukdarut , Felix Lambert , Dickson Kelly 
Published: October 2019

BackgroundHumanitarian emergencies are a major global health challenge with the potential to have a profound impact on people’s mental and psychological health. Effective interventions in humanitarian settings are needed to support the mental health and psychosocial needs of affected populations. To fill this gap, this systematic review synthesises evidence on the effectiveness of a wide range of mental health and psychosocial support (MHPSS) programmes delivered to adults affected by humanitarian emergencies in low and middle-income countries (LMICs).MethodsA comprehensive search of 12 electronic databases, key websites and citation checking was undertaken in 2015 and updated in May 2018. We included controlled trials published in English from 1980. We extracted data and assessed risk of bias prior to performing a meta-analysis using random effects models. When meta-analysis was not used, we narratively described individual trial effect sizes using forest plots.ResultsThirty-five studies were included. Overall, MHPSS programmes show benefits in improved functioning and reducing post-traumatic stress disorder. There are also indications from a limited pool of evidence that cognitive–behavioural therapy and narrative exposure therapy may improve mental health conditions. Other psychotherapy modalities also showed a positive trend in favour of MHPSS programmes for improving several mental health outcomes.ConclusionIn addition to MHPSS programme for improving mental health outcomes in adults affected by humanitarian emergencies in LMICs, there is also a need to generate robust evidence to identify potential impact on broader social dimensions. Doing so could aid the future development of MHPSS programmes and ensure their effective implementation across different humanitarian contexts in LMICs. Future research on MHPSS programmes which focus on basic services and security, community and family programmes, their cost-effectiveness and mechanisms of impact could also strengthen the MHPSS evidence base to better inform policy and practice decision-making in humanitarian settings.Protocol registration numberCRD42016033578.
CP-North: living life in the Nordic countries? A retrospective register research protocol on individuals with cerebral palsy and their parents living in Sweden, Norway, Denmark, Finland and Iceland
Authors: Alriksson-Schmidt Ann I , Ahonen Matti , Andersen Guro L , Eggertsdóttir Guðbjörg , Haula Taru , Jahnsen Reidun , Jarl Johan , Jeglinsky-Kankainen Ira , Jonsdottir Gudny , Seid Abdu Kedir , Ásgeirsdóttir Tinna L , Møller-Madsen Bjarne , Nordbye-Nielsen Kirsten , Saha Sanjib , Steskal Darina , Sääksvuori Lauri , Hägglund Gunnar 
Published: October 2019

IntroductionCerebral palsy (CP) is one of the most common neurodevelopmental disabilities. Yet, most individuals with CP are adults. How individuals with CP fare in terms of health, quality of life (QoL), education, employment and income is largely unknown. Further, little is known about the effects of having a child with CP on the parents. The Nordic countries are known for their strong welfare systems, yet it is unknown to what extent the added burden related to disability is actually compensated for. We will explore how living with CP affectshealth,QoL, healthcare utilisation, education, labour market outcomes, socioeconomic statusandmortalitythroughout the lifespan of individuals with CP and their parents. We will also investigate if these effects differ between subgroups, within and across the Nordic countries.Methods and analysesCP-Northis a multidisciplinary 4-year (1 August 2017 to 31 July 2021) register research project. The research consortium comprises researchers and users from Sweden, Norway, Denmark, Iceland and Finland. Data from CP registries and follow-up programmes, or cohorts of individuals with CP, will be merged with general national registries. All individual studies are structured under three themes: medical outcomes, social and public health outcomes, and health economics. Both case–control and cohort designs will be included depending on the particular research question. Data will be analysed in the individual countries and later merged across nations.Ethics and disseminationThe ethics approval processes in each individual country are followed. Findings will be published (open access) in international peer-reviewed journals in related fields. Updates onCP-Northwill be published online athttp://rdi.arcada.fi/cpnorth/en/