bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Utility of cell population data (VCS parameters) as a rapid screening tool for Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) in resource‐constrained laboratories
Authors: Virk Harpreet , Varma Neelam , Naseem Shano , Bihana Ishwar , Sukhachev Dmitry 
Published: September 2018

IntroductionDespite advances in diagnostic techniques, many cases of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) remain underdiagnosed in remote centers unequipped with these technologies. We hypothesized that the automated cellular indices with scatter plots and flags may aid in rapid and cost‐effective screening of AML.MethodsCell population data (CPD) parameters from 100 de novo AML samples were analyzed by Coulter LH 780 automated analyzer and were compared with 100 age‐matched controls. Similar parameters were also compared with 100 and 50 reactive cases of neutrophilia and monocytosis, respectively. System‐generated flags and scatter plot patterns were also analyzed.ResultsResults were compared between AML cases and normal controls; AML FAB M2, M3, M4 vs reactive neutrophilia; AML FAB M4, M5 vs reactive monocytosis. Significant parameters were selected from all comparison groups. Using appropriate statistical tools, we calculated the cutoff values of these parameters and were able to screen out AML cases with 94% sensitivity and 95% specificity. Three statistical equations were generated using two of the most significant parameters which improved the sensitivity to 98% and specificity to 99%. Five hypothetical scatter plot patterns were devised and were classified according to FAB categories of AML. Most common pattern was selected in AML which was seen in 56% of the cases. Output was analyzed combining these patterns and flags with CPD parameters.ConclusionCPD either alone or in the form of statistical equations along with scatter plots and flags can provide rapid and economic tool in preliminary diagnosis of AML in cost‐constrained settings.
Blockade of NEAT1 represses inflammation response and lipid uptake via modulating miR‐342‐3p in human macrophages THP‐1 cells
Authors: Wang Lei , Xia Jing‐Wen , Ke Zun‐Ping , Zhang Bing‐Hong 
Published: September 2018

AbstractAtherosclerosis has been recognized as a chronic inflammation process induced by lipid of the vessel wall. Oxidized low‐density lipoprotein (ox‐LDL) can drive atherosclerosis progression involving macrophages. Recently, long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been reported to play critical roles in atherosclerosis development. In our current study, we focused on the biological roles of lncRNA NEAT1 in atherosclerosis progress. Here, we found that ox‐LDL was able to trigger human macrophages THP‐1 cells, a human monocytic cell line, apoptosis in a dose‐dependent and time‐dependent course. In addition, we observed that NEAT1 was significantly increased in THP‐1 cells incubated with ox‐LDL and meanwhile miR‐342‐3p was greatly decreased. Then, NEAT1 was silenced by transfection of small interfering RNA (siRNA) of NEAT1 into THP‐1 cells. As exhibited, CD36, oil‐red staining levels, total cholesterol (TC), total cholesterol (TG) levels and THP‐1 cell apoptosis were obviously repressed by knockdown of NEAT1. Furthermore, inhibition of NEAT1 contributed to the repression of inflammation in vitro. Interleukin 6 (IL‐6), IL‐1β, cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX‐2) and tumour necrosis factor‐alpha (TNF‐α) protein levels were remarkably depressed by NEAT1 siRNA in THP‐1 cells. By using bioinformatics analysis, miR‐342‐3p was predicted as a downstream target of NEAT1 and the correlation between them was confirmed in our study. Moreover, overexpression of miR‐342‐3p could also greatly suppress inflammation response and lipid uptake in THP‐1 cells. Knockdown of NEAT1 and miR‐342‐3p mimics inhibited lipid uptake in THP‐1 cells. In conclusion, we implied that blockade of NEAT1 repressed inflammation response through modulating miR‐342‐3p in human macrophages THP‐1 cells and NEAT1 may offer a promising strategy to treat atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases.
Curcumin attenuates proangiogenic and proinflammatory factors in human eutopic endometrial stromal cells through the NF‐κB signaling pathway
Authors: Chowdhury Indrajit , Banerjee Saswati , Driss Adel , Xu Wei , Mehrabi Sherifeh , Nezhat Ceana , Sidell Neil , Taylor Robert N. , Thompson Winston E. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractEndometriosis is a chronic gynecological inflammatory disorder in which immune system dysregulation is thought to play a role in its initiation and progression. Due to altered sex steroid receptor concentrations and other signaling defects, eutopic endometriotic tissues have an attenuated response to progesterone. This progesterone‐resistance contributes to lesion survival, proliferation, pain, and infertility. The current agency‐approved hormonal therapies, including synthetic progestins, GnRH agonists, and danazol are often of limited efficacy and counterproductive to fertility and cause systemic side effects due to suppression of endogenous steroid hormone levels. In the current study, we examined the effects of curcumin (CUR, diferuloylmethane), which has long been used as an anti‐inflammatory folk medicine in Asian countries for this condition. The basal levels of proinflammatory and proangiogenic chemokines and cytokines expression were higher in primary cultures of stromal cells derived from eutopic endometrium of endometriosis (EESC) subjects compared with normal endometrial stromal cells (NESC). The treatment of EESC and NESC with CUR significantly and dose‐dependently reduced chemokine and cytokine secretion over the time course. Notably, CUR treatment significantly decreased phosphorylation of the IKKα/β, NF‐κB, STAT3, and JNK signaling pathways under these experimental conditions. Taken together, our findings suggest that CUR has therapeutic potential to abrogate aberrant activation of chemokines and cytokines, and IKKα/β, NF‐κB, STAT3, and JNK signaling pathways to reduce inflammation associated with endometriosis.
Noncoding RNA in NK cells
Authors: Yang Chuan , Shen Chongyang , Feng Ting , Li Hong 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Noncoding RNAs (ncRNA) are important regulators that modulate cell proliferation, apoptosis, the cell cycle, and DNA methylation. NK cells mediate the immune response via the secretion of various cytokines and are important innate immune cells in the human immune system. Recent studies have found that ncRNA plays an important role in NK cell development and function. With recent advances in bioinformatics and next-generation sequencing, novel ncRNAs have been identified, allowing us to more fully appreciate its functions in NK cell biology. In this review, we summarize and discuss the latest studies on the functions and regulatory mechanisms of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) and microRNA in NK cells from the viewpoint of epigenetic mechanisms to help us clearly understand ncRNA in NK cells.
Review of how lncRNA and microRNA regulate NK cell function and development.
Roles for T/B lymphocytes and ILC2s in experimental chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Donovan Chantal , Starkey Malcolm R , Kim Richard Y , Rana Batika M J , Barlow Jillian L , Jones Bernadette , Haw Tatt Jhong , Mono Nair Prema , Budden Kurtis , Cameron Guy J M , Horvat Jay C , Wark Peter A , Foster Paul S , McKenzie Andrew N J , Hansbro Philip M 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Pulmonary inflammation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by both innate and adaptive immune responses; however, their specific roles in the pathogenesis of COPD are unclear. Therefore, we investigated the roles of T and B lymphocytes and group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) in airway inflammation and remodelling, and lung function in an experimental model of COPD using mice that specifically lack these cells (Rag1−/− and Rorafl/flIl7rCre [ILC2-deficient] mice). Wild-type (WT) C57BL/6 mice, Rag1−/−, and Rorafl/flIl7rCre mice were exposed to cigarette smoke (CS; 12 cigarettes twice a day, 5 days a week) for up to 12 weeks, and airway inflammation, airway remodelling (collagen deposition and alveolar enlargement), and lung function were assessed. WT, Rag1−/−, and ILC2-deficient mice exposed to CS had similar levels of airway inflammation and impaired lung function. CS exposure increased small airway collagen deposition in WT mice. Rag1−/− normal air- and CS-exposed mice had significantly increased collagen deposition compared to similarly exposed WT mice, which was associated with increases in IL-33, IL-13, and ILC2 numbers. CS-exposed Rorafl/flIl7rCre mice were protected from emphysema, but had increased IL-33/IL-13 expression and collagen deposition compared to WT CS-exposed mice. T/B lymphocytes and ILC2s play roles in airway collagen deposition/fibrosis, but not inflammation, in experimental COPD.
T/B lymphocytes and ILC2s play roles in airway fibrosis but not inflammation in a mouse model of experimental COPD.
Microenvironmental signals govern the cellular identity of testicular macrophages
Authors: Meinhardt Andreas , Wang Ming , Schulz Christian , Bhushan Sudhanshu 
Published: September 2018

AbstractTesticular macrophages (TM) comprise the largest immune cell population in the mammalian testis. They are characterized by a subdued proinflammatory response upon adequate stimulation, and a polarization toward the immunoregulatory and immunotolerant M2 phenotype. This enables them to play a relevant role in supporting the archetypical functions of the testis, namely spermatogenesis and steroidogenesis. During infection, the characteristic blunted immune response of TM reflects the need for a delicate balance between a sufficiently strong reaction to counteract invading pathogens, and the prevention of excessive proinflammatory cytokine levels with the potential to disturb or destroy spermatogenesis. Local microenvironmental factors that determine the special phenotype of TM have just begun to be unraveled, and are discussed in this review.The immunosuppressive M2 macrophage phenotype of testicular macrophages is determined by the testicular microenvironment to maintain the immune privilege of the testis.
Genetic and antigenic characterization of influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 in Yantai, China, during the 2009–2017 influenza season
Authors: Liu Juan , Gong Lian‐feng , Xu Ying‐chun , Sun Zhen‐lu , Gao Qiao , Dong Zhao‐jing 
Published: September 2018

ObjectiveThis study was performed to determine the antigenic and genetic characteristics and evaluate potential vaccine efficacy of influenza A (H1N1)pdm09 in Yantai from August 2009 to August 2017.Materials and MethodsA total of 10  236 swabs were collected among patients with an influenza‐like illness who were admitted to two sentinel surveillance hospitals in Yantai, East China, from August 2009 to August 2017. All specimens were cultured in Madin‐Darby canine kidney cells and identified by haemagglutination‐inhibition assay. Complete sequences of haemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase of 51 influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 strains circulating in Yantai were amplified, sequenced and analysed using molecular and phylogenetic methods. The potential vaccine efficacy was calculated using the p
epitope model which measured the antigenic variation based on the changes in the dominant epitope of HA.ResultsThe results showed that most Yantai strains were grouped into genetic clades 1.7, 6C, 6B.1 and 6B.2. The amino acid substitutions accumulated gradually in HA proteins and considerable genetic variation were observed in circulating A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses during the seven influenza seasons. The V241I, N369K, N386K and K432E mutations which may change the binding pattern and affinity of oseltamivir for neuraminidase were detected in the strains circulating in 2016/2017 and 2017/2018 seasons and the recommended vaccine strains could afford optimal protection against the influenza A/H1N1pdm09.ConclusionsAlthough influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses acquired significant genetic variation over the course of seven influenza seasons, the recommended vaccine strains still afforded protection against main circulating strains. Continuous epidemiological and virological surveillance are necessary.
Molecular dissection of cone photoreceptor‐enriched genes encoding transmembrane and secretory proteins
Authors: Papal Samantha , Monti Christopher E. , Tennison Mackenzie E. , Swaroop Anand 
Published: September 2018

AbstractCone photoreceptors mediate color perception and daylight vision through intricate synaptic circuitry. In most mammalian retina, cones are greatly outnumbered by rods and exhibit inter‐dependence for functional maintenance and survival. Currently, we have limited understanding of cone‐specific molecular components that mediate response to extrinsic signaling factors or are involved in communication with rods and other retinal cells. To fulfill this gap, we compared the recently‐published transcriptomes of developing S‐cone‐like photoreceptors from the Nrl−/− mouse retina with those of rods and identified candidate genes responsible for cone cell functions and communication. We generated an in silico expression profile of 823 genes that encode candidate transmembrane and secretory proteins and are up‐regulated in Nrl−/− cone photoreceptors compared to wild type cones. In situ hybridization analysis validated high expression of seven of the selected candidate genes in the Nrl−/− retina. To examine their relevance to cone function, we performed in vivo knockdown of Epha10 in the Nrl−/− retina and demonstrated aberrant morphology and mislocalization of the photoreceptor cell bodies. Thus, the receptor tyrosine kinase Ephrin type‐A receptor 10 appears to influence cone morphogenesis. Our studies reveal novel cone‐enriched genes involved in interaction of cones with other retinal cell types and provide a framework for examining molecular pathways associated with intercellular communication.
Increasing Australian pharmacy's role in meeting national and international antimicrobial resistance objectives
Authors: Keitaanpaa Samuel , Thomas David P. , Hefler Marita , Cass Alan 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe 2016 G20 summit recognised the threat of antimicrobial resistance as not just a health issue, but also one that poses an economic risk to many counties and requires global efforts and collaboration to tackle. Australia is already implementing strategies to mitigate the risk of antimicrobial resistance but acknowledges that newer antibiotics are not the only solution and that more needs to be done in the primary health sector. This article explains how the pharmacy profession is positioned to help meet these needs by expanding roles and activities already undertaken by pharmacies and augmenting them to help meet the national strategy around tackling antimicrobial resistance. The factors that would need to be addressed to ensure this is done in a way that strengthens the profession and promotes collaboration with other health professions on local, national and international levels are discussed.
Surface Properties of Glucose‐Based Surfactants and Their Application in Textile Dyeing with Natural Dyes
Authors: Lin Li‐Huei , Chu Hawn‐Chung , Chen Keng‐Ming , Chen Shih‐Chieh 
Published: September 2018

AbstractIn this study, propylene glycol‐based glycosides were obtained using an acetalization reaction in which glucose was first reacted with propylene glycol. Subsequently, the propylene glycol glycoside was reacted with alkyl glycidyl ether of varying carbon chain lengths (i.e., 08‐G, 10‐G, 12‐G, 14‐G, and 16‐G) to synthesize a series of glucose‐based biodegradable surfactants. The experimental results show that the surface activity of the C8–C12 glucose‐based surfactants increases with the carbon chain length. However, the surface activity of the C14–C16 glucose‐based surfactants decreased as the carbon chain length increased. Among all the surfactants, the C12 glucose‐based surfactant exhibited the most efficient emulsification ability, lowest surface tension, lowest fluorescence intensity, highest zeta potential, and good emulsification stability. The glucose‐based surfactants were used as additives in natural plant dyes made from turmeric or henna to dye wool fabrics. Higher color strengths were observed in the C14 glucose‐based surfactant.
The significance of mucin pools following neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced rectal cancer
Authors: Reynolds Ian S , McNamara Deborah A , Kay Elaine W , O’Neill Brian , Deasy Joseph , Burke John P 
Published: September 2018

AbstractBackgroundNeoadjuvant chemo‐radiotherapy is utilized for locally advanced rectal cancer to optimize local control. A subset of patients form mucin pools following radiotherapy but the association between mucin pools and pathological and oncological outcomes following curative proctectomy for rectal cancer remains unknown.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to determine the significance of mucin pool formation after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy for rectal cancer.MethodsThis is a retrospective analysis of a prospectively maintained rectal cancer database. Patients who underwent curative proctectomy for rectal cancer following long course chemoradiotherapy between January 2007 and December 2016 were eligible for inclusion.ResultsA total of 297 patients were eligible for inclusion; of these 36 (12.1%) had mucin pools on final histopathology. Tumors with mucin pools were less likely to be ypT3/T4 (25.0 vs 51.0%,
P = 0.003), were more likely to have a good response (83.3 vs 53.6%,
P < 0.001) and more likely to have a pathologic complete response (41.7 vs 19.2%,
P = 0.006) to radiotherapy. The presence of mucin pools was associated with less distant recurrence (
P < 0.05) and improved overall survival (
P = 0.02).ConclusionsThe presence of mucin pools following neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy for rectal cancer represents a surrogate marker of response to treatment and downstaging and is associated with improved survival.
A new strategy based on fluorodeoxyglucose‐positron emission tomography for managing liver metastasis from colorectal cancer
Authors: Watanabe Akira , Harimoto Norifumi , Araki Kenichiro , Yoshizumi Tomoharu , Arima Kota , Yamashita Yoichi , Baba Hideo , Tetsuya Higuchi , Kuwano Hiroyuki , Shirabe Ken 
Published: September 2018

BackgroundPrognostic models are needed to manage liver metastasis from colorectal cancer (CRLM). Thus, we developed an algorithm to guide treatment based on the standardized uptake value (SUV) from fluorodeoxyglucose‐positron emission tomography (FDG‐PET).MethodsWe retrospectively evaluated 148 patients who underwent surgery for CRLM, including 107 cases of primary surgery and 41 cases with preoperative chemotherapy before conversion surgery. We evaluated the prognostic value of perioperative SUV among primary surgery cases, as well as the prognostic value of the SUV change ratio after conversion surgery (postchemotherapy/prechemotherapy SUV).ResultsIn the primary surgery group, recurrence‐free survival (RFS) was independently predicted by an SUV of ≥6.04 (P = 0.042) and ≥4 liver metastases (
P = 0.003). The combination of an SUV of ≥6.04 and ≥4 liver metastases was strongly associated with poor RFS (
P < 0.001). In the conversion surgery group, the SUV change ratio was associated with tumor size change and pathological response. An SUV change ratio of ≥0.293 was associated with shorter RFS (
P = 0.006) and independently predicted RFS (
P = 0.026). We established a therapeutic algorithm for managing CRLM based on these results.ConclusionFDG‐PET may be useful for predicting recurrence and prognosis in cases of CRLM, and our algorithm may be useful for managing multiple CRLMs.
Diagnostic ion‐oriented identification and simultaneous quantification of chemical components in Allium chinense G. Don
Authors: Qin Zifei , Lin Pei , Yao Zhihong , Chen Zilin , Yu Yang , Dai Yi , He Xiangjiu , Zhou Hua , Yao Xinsheng 
Published: September 2018

AbstractAllium chinense G. Don, a popular edible condiment with reputation of Ganoderma lucidum in vegetables, exerts significant health effects for treating coronary disease but chemical compounds and corresponding contents still remain unclear. In this study, a total of 80 chemical compounds were detected in Allium chinense extracts based on a summarized fragmentation pattern, of which 32 were unambiguously identified with reference standards. Furthermore, a practical and feasible method was developed and validated for simultaneous quantification of 18 chemical compounds, of which 17 compounds were steroidal saponins, by ultra‐high performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time‐of‐flight tandem mass spectrometry. In addition, it was known that the contents of quantitative compounds varied significantly among multiple Allium chinense samples. Moreover, chemometric analysis results suggested that chinenoside I, macrostemonoside B, and chinenoside II were the most important markers responsible for poor consistency. Taken altogether, this study would be helpful for the chemical authentication and quality control of Allium chinense samples.
Gas chromatography selectivity of new phosphonium‐based dicationic ionic liquid stationary phases
Authors: Patil Rahul A. , Talebi Mohsen , Sidisky Leonard M. , Berthod Alain , Armstrong Daniel W. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThree phosphonium‐based dicationic ionic liquids were synthesized as bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl) imide salts. The three dications had a nonyl spacer between two identical phosphonium‐substituted groups. The three phosphonium moieties were dipropyl(phenyl), diphenyl(propyl), and diphenyl(toluyl). The physicochemical properties of the dicationic ionic liquids were appropriate to prepare 30 m capillary columns that were tested in gas chromatography. A unique selectivity compared to different polysiloxane or polar cyanosiloxane commercial columns was observed for selected mixes of phthalates, polyaromatic hydrocarbons, polychlorobiphenyls, and dioxins. Only minor selectivity variations were observed with the three dicationic ionic liquids. The different number of aromatic rings on the positively charged phosphonium group did not influence the dicationic ionic liquid selectivity significantly.
Combination of liquid‐based column separations with surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy
Authors: Týčová Anna , Klepárník Karel 
Published: September 2018

AbstractSurface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy is a constantly developing analytical method providing not only high‐sensitive quantitative but also qualitative information on an analyte. Thus, it is reasonable that it has been tested as a promising detection method in column separations. Although its implementation in analytical separations is not widespread, some surprising results, like enormous signal enhancement and demonstrations of single‐molecule identifications, proved in only a few special examples, indicate the potential of the method. The high detection sensitivity and selectivity would be of paramount importance in trace analyses of biologically relevant molecules in complex matrices. However, the combination of surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy with column separation methods brings two principal issues. Interactions of analytes with metal substrates can cause deteriorations of separations and the detection can be affected by background electrolytes or elution agents. Thus, in principle, this review is on the experimental and methodological solutions to these problems. First, theoretical and practical aspects of Raman scattering, and excitation of surface plasmon in colloid suspensions of nanoparticles and on planar nanostructured substrates are briefly explained. Advances in experimental arrangements of on‐line and at‐line couplings with column liquid phase separation methods, including microfluidic devices, are described together with chosen analytical applications.