bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Renal involvement in sarcoidosis: Histologic findings and clinical course
Authors: Naderi Shirin , Amann Kerstin , Janssen Ulf 
Published: April 2019

Background: Renal failure in sarcoidosis is rare and data on its long-term outcome are scarce. Aim: To investigate the pattern of renal involvement in sarcoidosis, its clinical course and response to treatment in the long-term. Methods: A single-center retrospective study with review of renal biopsies and medical charts was performed. Results: Between January 2005 and December 2016, seven patients with sarcoidosis underwent a kidney biopsy. This is equivalent to a frequency of 1.6% in a total of 434 biopsies from native kidney performed in our institution. All patients presented with renal failure. Five patients had granulomatous interstitial nephritis (GIN) and one patient each interstitial nephritis without granuloma and nephrocalcinosis. Three patients had concomitant glomerular disease: IgA nephropathy (n = 2), membranous and focal proliferative glomerulonephritis (n = 1). Most patients (n = 5) presented with hypercalcemia. All patients initially received oral prednisolone 1 mg/kg/day (n = 3) or 0.5 mg/kg/day (n = 4), respectively, with subsequent tapering or suspension. One patient was started on azathioprine after 18 months to spare steroids. After a mean follow-up of 59 months mean estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) had improved from 19 ± 7 at presentation to 49 ± 16 mL/min. No patient required dialysis. All patients started on prednisolone 1 mg/kg/day developed transient diabetes mellitus while patients on 0.5 mg/kg/day did not. Renal function improvement did not differ between both treatment groups. Conclusion: GIN was the most common diagnosis in sarcoidosis patients with renal failure. Initial hypercalcemia was observed in the majority. Early steroid treatment lead to sustained renal function improvement.
School Choice in China: Past, Present, and Future
Authors: Dong Hui , Li Lulu 
Published: April 2019

Purpose: Focusing on the hot-debating issue of school choice in China, this article aims to present a narrative of the policy interventions, especially promulgated by the Chinese central government during the past 20 years, and to discuss those challenges facing the governments and the society as a whole in the new era. Design/Approach/Methods: This article conceptually approaches the topic based on policy texts analysis and literature review. Findings: This article pictures the historical dynamics of school choice phenomenon and its interaction with the corresponding policy initiatives promoted by the central government. It argues that school choice governing in China basically experienced three stages since the middle of 1990s, namely controlling “choice fees,” promoting equalization and equity as well as comprehensive governance toward greater quality and equity. The effective implementation of these policy measures is gradually cooling down the “choice fever” in urban areas and restoring order for student enrollment in compulsory education, but great challenges are still lying ahead since the problem of school choice turns to be “wicked” in nature and cannot be simply solved within the education sector. Originality/Value: This article contributes to the global discourse of school choice research with much updated information of policy initiatives and the newly emerged situations since 2014, calling for close attention and deeper research from researchers both from China and from abroad.
Kickball and Its Underappreciated Pediatric Injury Burden: An 18-Year Retrospective Epidemiological Study
Authors: Pirruccio Kevin , Weltsch Daniel , Baldwin Keith D. 
Published: April 2019

Background: Kickball is a popular childhood game most frequently played during gym class or recess at schools throughout the United States (US). Despite this, the national health burden of injuries associated with kickball has never been explored in the US pediatric population. Purpose: To report national estimates and demographic characteristics of pediatric patients presenting to US emergency departments between 2000 and 2017 with kickball-associated injuries. Study Design: Descriptive epidemiology study. Methods: This study retrospectively analyzed the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS) database (2000-2017) to identify annual cases of injuries associated with playing kickball presenting to US emergency departments in the pediatric population (age ≤18 years). Results: On average, 10,644 (95% CI, 8671-12,618) pediatric kickball-associated injuries presented to US emergency departments each year. There was no significant change in the number of injuries between the years 2000 (n = 10,331; 95% CI, 7781-12,881) and 2017 (n = 9407; 95% CI, 7233-11,582) ( P = .64). Patients frequently sustained sprains, strains, or muscle tears (34.4%; 95% CI, 32.4%-36.5%) and fractures (24.8%; 95% CI, 23.1%-26.5%); these injuries most commonly affected the ankle (13.7%; 95% CI, 12.2%-15.2%) and the fingers of the hand (17.1%; 95% CI, 15.5%-18.7%). The greatest proportion of injuries occurred in male patients (60.7%; 95% CI, 58.7%-62.7%) who were 10 to 12 years of age (44.8%; 95% CI, 43.0%-46.6%), with over half of kickball-associated injuries occurring at school (54.1%; 95% CI, 50.7%-57.5%). Conclusion: Despite kickball’s ubiquity as a schoolyard game, its associated injuries remain largely underappreciated. This is particularly unjustified when considering that the annual pediatric injury burden associated with playing kickball surpasses that of other sports acknowledged as carrying a high injury risk, such as martial arts or tennis.
LINC00612 enhances the proliferation and invasion ability of bladder cancer cells as ceRNA by sponging miR-590 to elevate expression of PHF14
Authors: Miao Liying , Liu Hong Yue , Zhou Cuixing , He Xiaozhou 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Background
Bladder cancer (BC) is a common type of cancer that involves tumors of the urinary system and poses a serious threat to human health. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as crucial biomarkers and regulators in many cancers. Novel lncRNA biomarkers in BC urgently need to be investigated in regard to its function and regulatory mechanisms.

Methods
Identification of differentially expressed lncRNAs in BC tissue was performed via microarray analysis. To investigate the biological functions of LINC00612, loss-of-function and gain-of-function experiments were performed in vitro and in vivo. Bioinformatics analysis, dual-luciferase reporter assays, AGO2-RIP assays, RNA pull-down assays, real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) arrays, fluorescence in situ hybridization assays, and western blot assays were conducted to explore the underlying mechanisms of competitive endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs).

Results
LINC00612 was upregulated in BC tissues and cell lines. Functionally, downregulation of LINC00612 inhibited cell proliferation and invasion in vitro and in vivo, whereas overexpression of LINC00612 resulted in the opposite effects. Bioinformatics analysis and luciferase assays revealed that miR-590 was a direct target of LINC0061, which was validated by dual-luciferase reporter assays, AGO2-RIP assays, RNA pull-down assays, RT-qPCR arrays, and rescue experiments. Additionally, miR-590 was shown to directly target the PHD finger protein 14 (PHF14) gene. LNIC00612 modulated the expression of E-cadherin and vimentin by competitively sponging miR-590 to elevate the expression of PHF14, thus affecting BC cellular epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT).

Conclusions
Our results indicate that LINC00612 enhances the proliferation and invasion ability of BC cells by sponging miR-590 to upregulate PHF14 expression and promote BC cellular EMT, suggesting that LINC00612 may act as a potential biomarker and therapeutic target for BC.
Efficacy and Safety of Pembrolizumab in Previously Treated Advanced Cervical Cancer: Results From the Phase II KEYNOTE-158 Study
Authors: Chung Hyun Cheol , Ros Willeke , Delord Jean-Pierre , Perets Ruth , Italiano Antoine , Shapira-Frommer Ronnie , Manzuk Lyudmila , Piha-Paul Sarina A. , Xu Lei , Zeigenfuss Susan , Pruitt Scott K. , Leary Alexandra 
Published: April 2019

PURPOSE KEYNOTE-158 ( ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02628067) is a phase II basket study investigating the antitumor activity and safety of pembrolizumab in multiple cancer types. We present interim results from patients with previously treated advanced cervical cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients received pembrolizumab 200 mg every 3 weeks for 2 years or until progression, intolerable toxicity, or physician or patient decision. Tumor imaging was performed every 9 weeks for the first 12 months and every 12 weeks thereafter. The primary end point was objective response rate (ORR), assessed per Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (version 1.1) by independent central radiologic review. Safety was a secondary end point. RESULTS Ninety-eight patients were treated. Median age was 46.0 years (range, 24 to 75 years), and 65.3% of patients had Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 1. Eighty-two patients (83.7%) had programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1)–positive tumors (combined positive score ≥ 1), 77 having previously received one or more lines of chemotherapy for recurrent or metastatic disease. Median follow-up was 10.2 months (range, 0.6 to 22.7 months). ORR was 12.2% (95% CI, 6.5% to 20.4%), with three complete and nine partial responses. All 12 responses were in patients with PD-L1–positive tumors, for an ORR of 14.6% (95% CI, 7.8% to 24.2%); 14.3% (95% CI, 7.4% to 24.1%) of these responses were in those who had received one or more lines of chemotherapy for recurrent or metastatic disease. Median duration of response was not reached (range, ≥ 3.7 to ≥ 18.6 months). Treatment-related adverse events occurred in 65.3% of patients, and the most common were hypothyroidism (10.2%), decreased appetite (9.2%), and fatigue (9.2%). Treatment-related grade 3 to 4 adverse events occurred in 12.2% of patients. CONCLUSION Pembrolizumab monotherapy demonstrated durable antitumor activity and manageable safety in patients with advanced cervical cancer. On the basis of these results, the US Food and Drug Administration granted accelerated approval of pembrolizumab for patients with advanced PD-L1–positive cervical cancer who experienced progression during or after chemotherapy.
Effect of Radiotherapy After Breast-Conserving Surgery Depending on the Presence of Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes: A Long-Term Follow-Up of the SweBCG91RT Randomized Trial
Authors: Kovács Anikó , Stenmark Tullberg Axel , Werner Rönnerman Elisabeth , Holmberg Erik , Hartman Linda , Sjöström Martin , Lundstedt Dan , Malmström Per , Fernö Mårten , Karlsson Per 
Published: April 2019

PURPOSE The effects of radiotherapy (RT) on the basis of the presence of stromal tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) have not been studied. The purpose of this study was to analyze the association of TILs with the effect of postoperative RT on ipsilateral breast tumor recurrence (IBTR) in a large randomized trial. METHODS In the SweBCT91RT (Swedish Breast Cancer Group 91 Radiotherapy) trial, 1,178 patients with breast cancer stage I and II were randomly assigned to breast-conserving surgery plus postoperative RT or breast-conserving surgery only and followed for a median of 15.2 years. Tumor blocks were retrieved from 1,003 patients. Stromal TILs were assessed on whole-section hematoxylin-eosin–stained slides using a dichotomized cutoff of 10%. Subtypes were scored using immunohistochemistry on tissue microarray. In total, 936 patients were evaluated. RESULTS Altogether, 670 (71%) of patients had TILs less than 10%. In a multivariable regression analysis with IBTR as dependent variable and RT, TILs, subtype, age, and grade as independent variables, RT (hazard ratio [HR], 0.42; 95% CI, 0.29 to 0.61; P < .001), high TILs (HR, 0.61; 95% CI, 0.39 to 0.96, P = .033) grade (3 v 1; HR, 2.17; 95% CI, 1.08 to 4.34; P = .029), and age (≥ 50 v < 50 years; HR, 0.55; 95% CI, 0.38 to 0.80; P = .002) were predictive of IBTR. RT was significantly beneficial in the low TILs group (HR, 0.37; 95% CI, 0.24 to 0.58; P < .001) but not in the high TILs group (HR, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.28 to 1.19; P = .138). The test for interaction between RT and TILs was not statistically significant ( P = .317). CONCLUSION This study shows that high values of TILs in the primary tumor independently seem to reduce the risk for an IBTR. Our findings further suggest that patients with breast cancer with low TILs may derive a larger benefit from RT regarding the risk of IBTR.
Novel Genetic Locus of Visceral Fat and Systemic Inflammation
Authors: Shin Jean , Syme Catriona , Wang Dominic , Richer Louis , Pike G Bruce , Gaudet Daniel , Paus Tomas , Pausova Zdenka 
Published: April 2019

Abstract

Context
Visceral fat (VF), more than fat elsewhere in the body [mostly subcutaneous fat (SF)], promotes systemic inflammation and related disease. The mechanisms of preferentially visceral accumulation of body fat are largely unknown.

Objective
To identify genetic loci and mechanistic pathways of preferential accumulation of VF and associated low-grade systemic inflammation.

Design
Genome-wide association study (GWAS).

Setting and Participants
Population-based cohort of 1586 adolescents (aged 12 to 19 years) and adults (aged 36 to 65 years).

Main Outcome Measures
Abdominal VF and SF were measured with MRI, total body fat (TBF) was assessed with bioimpedance, and low-grade systemic inflammation was examined by serum C-reactive protein (CRP) measurement.

Results
This GWAS of preferential accumulation of VF identified a significant locus on chromosome 6 at rs803522 (P = 1.1 × 10−9 or 4.3 × 10−10 for VF adjusted for SF or TBF, respectively). The major allele was associated with more VF; the association was similar in adolescents and adults. The allele was also associated with higher CRP level, but this association was stronger in adults than adolescents (P for interaction = 4.5 × 10−3). In adults, VF was a significant mediator (P = 1.9× 10−4) in the association between the locus and CRP, explaining 30% of the mediation. The locus was near ATG5, encoding an autophagy molecule reported to modulate adipocyte size and macrophage polarization.

Conclusion
A genetic locus near ATG5 regulates preferential accumulation of VF (vs SF) in youth and adulthood and contributes to the development of systemic inflammation in adulthood.
Molecular Mechanisms of Insulin Resistance in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Unraveling the Conundrum in Skeletal Muscle?
Authors: Stepto Nigel K , Moreno-Asso Alba , McIlvenna Luke C , Walters Kirsty A , Rodgers Raymond J 
Published: April 2019

Abstract

Context
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine condition affecting 8% to 13% of women across the lifespan. PCOS affects reproductive, metabolic, and mental health, generating a considerable health burden. Advances in treatment of women with PCOS has been hampered by evolving diagnostic criteria and poor recognition by clinicians. This has resulted in limited clinical and basic research. In this study, we provide insights into the current and future research on the metabolic features of PCOS, specifically as they relate to PCOS-specific insulin resistance (IR), that may affect the most metabolically active tissue, skeletal muscle.

Current Knowledge
PCOS is a highly heritable condition, yet it is phenotypically heterogeneous in both reproductive and metabolic features. Human studies thus far have not identified molecular mechanisms of PCOS-specific IR in skeletal muscle. However, recent research has provided new insights that implicate energy-sensing pathways regulated via epigenomic and resultant transcriptomic changes. Animal models, while in existence, have been underused in exploring molecular mechanisms of IR in PCOS and specifically in skeletal muscle.

Future Directions
Based on the latest evidence synthesis and technologies, researchers exploring molecular mechanisms of IR in PCOS, specifically in muscle, will likely need to generate new hypothesis to be tested in human and animal studies.

Conclusion
Investigations to elucidate the molecular mechanisms driving IR in PCOS are in their early stages, yet remarkable advances have been made in skeletal muscle. Overall, investigations have thus far created more questions than answers, which provide new opportunities to study complex endocrine conditions.
PROWOKACJA, BLUŹNIERSTWO, INTERTEKSTUALNOŚĆ: STRATEGIE (AUTO)MITOLOGIZACJI W TWÓRCZOŚCI SAVY DAMJANOVA
Authors: Tatarenko Ałła 
Published: April 2019

W artykule zainteresowanie badawcze koncentruje się na postmodernistycznych strategiach (auto)mitologizacji w twórczości znanego serbskiego pisarza Savy Damjanova. Składnikami tych strategii są prowokacja intelektualna, tworzenie swojego własnego świata literackiego oraz mitu w połączeniu z apokryficznym, ironicznym (czasami pozostającym na granicy bluźnierstwa) stosunkiem do „wielkich narracji” i mitów narodowych oraz intertekstualności (w tym autocytowanie). Szczególne miejsce zajmują strategie autoreprezentacji (tekstualne i wizualne), a także strategie znoszenia granic między rzeczywistością realną a literacką (stosowanie kodu erotycznego w postaci zarówno tekstowej, jak i wizualnej, znoszenie granic między kodami tekstualnym a cielesnym, między fikcją i autobiografizmem, między ciałem pisarza a jego utworami).
SYNOWIE STASIA. FORMY MĘSKOŚCI KOLONIALNEJ W POWIEŚCIACH MŁODZIEŻOWYCH FERDYNANDA ANTONIEGO OSSENDOWSKIEGO
Authors: Forajter Wacław 
Published: April 2019

Tekst Synowie Stasia. Męskości kolonialne w powieściach młodzieżowych Ferdynanda Antoniego Ossendowskiego stanowi analizę wątków inicjacyjnych w trzech tekstach narracyjnych popularnego prozaika z czasów dwudziestolecia międzywojennego: powieści W poleskiej dżungli, Mali zwycięzcy i Skarb Wysp Andamańskich. Odwołując się do teorii postkolonialnej oraz analizy dyskursów ideologicznych Drugiej Rzeczpospolitej, autor bada powieściowe reprezentacje odmiennych kultur oraz obowiązujące wówczas w Polsce i za granicą wzorce męskości oraz sposoby ich adaptacji na potrzeby literatury dla dzieci i młodzieży.
Semitrailer Steering Control for Improved Articulated Vehicle Manoeuvrability and Stability
Authors: Milani Sina , Samim Ünlüsoy Y. , Marzbani Hormoz , Jazar Reza N. 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Articulated heavy vehicles have some specific performance limitations and safety risks due to their special dynamic characteristics. They show poor manoeuvrability at low speeds and may lose their stability in different manners at high speeds. In this study, the potential of active steering control of the semitrailer on manoeuvrability and stability of tractor-semitrailer combinations is investigated. A linear bicycle model and a nonlinear version are used for controller design and vehicle dynamic simulation in MATLAB environment. The Linear Quadratic Regulator optimal state feedback control is used to minimise the tracking error at low-speed, and regulate Rearward Amplification ratio and roll at high-speed. Quantum Particle Swarm Optimisation is used for optimising the weighting factors. Three different control algorithms are introduced and it is demonstrated through simulations that the vehicle with the proposed steering control exhibits desirable improvements compared to the baseline vehicle.
Partnergewalt gegen ältere Frauen
Authors: Nägele Barbara 
Published: April 2019

ZusammenfassungRepräsentative Opferwerdungsstudien und Daten aus Institutionen zeigen, dass ältere Frauen seltener Opfer von physischer und sexueller Gewalt durch aktuelle oder ehemalige Partner werden als jüngere Frauen und seltener in den Fokus von Hilfeeinrichtungen rücken. Oft handelt es sich um Fälle chronifizierter Beziehungsgewalt. Gesundheitliche Folgeerscheinungen von Gewalt und altersbedingte Abbauprozesse verstärken sich gegenseitig und führen zu erhöhtem Hilfebedarf.
Stalking – eine Herausforderung für Strafjustiz und Zivilgesellschaft
Authors: Ortiz-Müller Wolf , Siepelmeyer Olga , Friedland Inna 
Published: April 2019

Zusammenfassung
Der Beitrag gibt einen Überblick über das Phänomen Stalking im Fokus deutscher und EU-weiter Gesetzgebung. Begriffsbestimmung, Prävalenz und die Folgen für die Betroffenen, sowie für Menschen, die stalken, werden erläutert. Beide Seiten benötigen angemessene Interventions- und Unterstützungsangebote.
Sexuelle Belästigung am Ausbildungs- und Arbeitsplatz
Authors: Brzank Petra J. 
Published: April 2019

Zusammenfassung
Sexuelle Belästigung am Ausbildungs- und Arbeitsplatz ist ein verbreitetes Phänomen, das vermehrt Frauen betrifft. Die Gesundheitsfolgen können die Betroffenen und ihre Karriereverläufe gravierend beeinträchtigen. Eine spezifische Arbeitsplatzkultur, ein entsprechendes Klima oder besonders abhängige Arbeitsverhältnisse gelten als Risikofaktoren. Mehrheitlich wird individuell mit den Vorfällen umgegangen. Eine geeignete Work Place Policy ermutigt zur Beschwerde und schafft Handlungssicherheit.
Primäre Gewaltprävention bei Kindern und Jugendlichen – ein Überblick
Authors: Wagner Ulrich , Kosjankow Viktoria 
Published: April 2019

Zusammenfassung
Dieser Beitrag gibt einen Einblick in die Ursachen von Gewalt, um darauf aufbauend Möglichkeiten der Gewaltprävention bei Kindern und Jugendlichen aufzuzeigen. Vorgestellt werden verschiedene Beispiele für systematische Gewaltpräventionsprogramme. Wichtig im Zusammenhang mit der Bewertung von Präventionsprogrammen ist deren Evaluation. Evaluationsstudien zeigen, dass besonders Maßnahmen für Familien, in Kindergärten und in Schulen positive gewaltreduzierende Effekte erzielen.
Gewalt in der Notaufnahme
Authors: Jellen Josephine , Ohlbrecht Heike 
Published: April 2019

Zusammenfassung
In den letzten Jahren ist das Thema „Gewalt in Notaufnahmen“ vermehrt in den Fokus gerückt. Der Artikel betrachtet die Inanspruchnahme von Notaufnahmen durch Patientengruppen sowie das Auftreten von gewaltförmigen Handlungen in Notaufnahmen, wobei diese von verbalen bis zu körperlichen Aggressionen reichen können. Dabei wird das besondere Interaktionssetting in Notaufnahmen thematisiert und Lösungsansätze diskutiert.
Gewalt gegen Pflegebedürftige
Authors: Görgen Thomas 
Published: April 2019

Zusammenfassung
Gewalt gegen Pflegebedürftige ist ein vielgestaltiges Phänomen, das körperlichen Zwang ebenso wie psychische Aggression und Vernachlässigung umschließt. Internationale Studien weisen auf hohe Jahresprävalenzen sowohl in Privathaushalten als auch in stationären Einrichtungen hin. Entstehungsbedingungen einschlägiger Vorkommnisse sind komplex und gehen über „pflegerische Überlastung“ hinaus. An wirkungsevaluierten Präventions- und Interventionsmaßnahmen herrscht Mangel.