bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Priorização de ações de eficiência energética para redes de hipermercados via análise multicritério
Authors: Ricardo Fábio José , Medeiros Lucio De , Salas Cresencio Silvio Seguras 
Published: May 2018

Eficiência energética passou a ser um item de total importância no meio das organizações e foco de implantação para melhoria constante, especialmente em empresas que possuem seus processos de produção e/ou produto final comercializado com uma grande fatia dependente de equipamentos e máquinas ligados à energia elétrica, como o setor de hipermercados, em que a despesa com energia elétrica em uma planta tem grande representatividade nos custos. Este artigo apresenta uma metodologia criada para identificar e ranquear as lojas de uma rede de varejo de hipermercados, ligada ao setor de comercialização de alimentos, considerando critérios de eficiência energética, direta ou indiretamente, através da análise multicritério com a técnica AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process). Os critérios de escolha categorizados em quantitativos e qualitativos abordam aspectos como contas de energia, temperatura média externa, dentre outros..Para as lojas menos eficientes os resultados permitem fornecer suporte necessário para a implantação de ações de melhorias, como substituição de equipamentos, reformas de áreas, troca de iluminação, etc., por sistemas mais eficientes, bem como a redução de multas por não conformidades com fatores de energia determinados pela ANEEL, como baixo fator de potência. O estudo de caso para se validar a metodologia foi desenvolvido em uma rede de hipermercados considerando 120 lojas em todo o território nacional. O ranking final, obtido pela aplicação do modelo, aponta as lojas que possuem maior ou menor índice para apoio decisório e priorização de ações de eficiência energética. Uma análise dos resultados é realizada e cita os fatores que estão ligados à eficiência energética, como, por exemplo, consumo de energia, multas por baixo fator de potência ou até mesmo a má qualidade de prestação dos serviços técnicos e que podem, isoladamente ou em conjunto, levar a loja a ter uma boa ou má colocação no ranking final.
Invariant NKT Cells and Control of the Thymus Medulla
Authors: White Andrea J. , Lucas Beth , Jenkinson William E. , Anderson Graham 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Most αβ T cells that form in the thymus are generated during mainstream conventional thymocyte development and involve the generation and selection of a diverse αβ TCR repertoire that recognizes self-peptide/MHC complexes. Additionally, the thymus also supports the production of T cell subsets that express αβ TCRs but display unique developmental and functional features distinct from conventional αβ T cells. These include multiple lineages of CD1d-restricted invariant NKT (iNKT) cells that express an invariant αβ TCR, branch off from mainstream thymocytes at the CD4+CD8+ stage, and are potent producers of polarizing cytokines. Importantly, and despite their differences, iNKT cells and conventional αβ T cells share common requirements for thymic epithelial microenvironments during their development. Moreover, emerging evidence suggests that constitutive cytokine production by iNKT cells influences both conventional thymocyte development and the intrathymic formation of additional innate CD8+ αβ T cells with memory-like properties. In this article, we review evidence for an intrathymic innate lymphocyte network in which iNKT cells play key roles in multiple aspects of thymus function.
Open Notes in Teaching Clinics: A Multisite Survey of Residents to Identify Anticipated Attitudes and Guidance for Programs
Authors: Crotty Bradley H. , Anselmo Melissa , Clarke Deserae , Elmore Joann G. , Famiglio Linda M. , Fossa Alan , Flier Lydia , Green Jamie , Klein Jared W. , Leveille Suzanne , Lin Chen-Tan , Lyon Corey , Mejilla Roanne , Moles Matthew , Stametz Rebecca A. , Thompson Michelle , Walker Jan , Bell Sigall K. 
Published: May 2018

ABSTRACT

Background
Clinicians are increasingly sharing outpatient visit notes with patients through electronic portals. These open notes may bring about new educational opportunities as well as concerns to physicians-in-training and residency programs.

Objective
We assessed anticipatory attitudes about open notes and explored factors influencing residents' propensity toward note transparency.

Methods
Residents in primary care clinics at 4 teaching hospitals were surveyed prior to implementation of open notes. Main measures included resident attitudes toward open notes and the anticipated effect on patients, resident workload, and education. Data were stratified by site.

Results
A total of 176 of 418 (42%) residents responded. Most residents indicated open notes would improve patient engagement, trust, and education but worried about overwhelming patients, residents being less candid, and workload. More than half of residents thought open notes were a good idea, and 32% (56 of 176) indicated they would encourage patients to read these notes. More than half wanted note-writing education and more feedback, and 72% (126 of 175) indicated patient feedback on residents' notes could improve communication skills. Attitudes about effects of open notes on safety, quality, trust, and medical education varied by site.

Conclusions
Residents reported mixed feelings about the anticipated effects of sharing clinical notes with patients. They advocate for patient feedback on notes, yet worry about workload, supervision, and errors. Training site was correlated with many attitudes, suggesting local culture drives resident support for open notes. Strategies that address resident concerns and promote teaching and feedback related to notes may be helpful.
Decreased level of consciousness in a toddler with overgrowth syndrome
Authors: Fong Stephanie , Scott Alistair , Laczko Dora 
Published: May 2018

Physicians caring for patients with rare diseases face unique challenges in managing symptoms, ordering diagnostic tests, and providing patients and families with anticipatory guidance. We describe the case of a toddler with overgrowth syndrome, and previously known ophthalmological and neurological findings, presenting with decreased level of consciousness (LOC) following a fall. We highlight the extensive workup undertaken in a patient with symptoms spanning multiple systems but lacking a unifying diagnosis. In this case, rapid whole exome sequencing identified a de novo CACNA1A gene mutation encoding a calcium channel subunit, located within chromosome region 19p13.13. We explore 19p13.13 Microdeletion Syndrome and compare our patient’s presentation to the cases described in the literature. Although our patient had several symptoms consistent with 19p13.13 Microdeletion Syndrome, others remain unexplained. This highlights the difficulty in determining a definitive diagnosis or treatment plan in the realm of rare diseases and emphasizes the need for further research into the disease process and development of novel therapies.
Maude Abbott and the Origin and Mysterious Disappearance of the Canadian Medical War Museum
Authors: Wright James R. , Alberti Samuel J.M.M. , Lyons Christopher , Fraser Richard S. 
Published: May 2018

Context.—In the early 1900s, it was common practice to retain, prepare, and display instructive pathologic specimens to teach pathology to medical trainees and practitioners; these collections were called medical museums. Maude Abbott, MD, established her reputation by developing expertise in all aspects of medical museum work. She was a founder of the International Association of Medical Museums (later renamed the International Academy of Pathology) and became an internationally renowned expert on congenital heart disease. Her involvement in the Canadian Medical War Museum (CMWM) is less well known.Objective.—To explore Abbott's role in the development of the CMWM during and after World War I and to trace its history.Design.—Available primary and secondary historical sources were reviewed.Results.—Instructive pathologic specimens derived from Canadian soldiers dying during World War I were shipped to the Royal College of Surgeons in London, which served as a clearinghouse for museum specimens from Dominion forces. The Canadian specimens were repatriated to Canada, prepared by Abbott, and displayed at several medical meetings. Abbott, because she was a woman, could not enlist and so she reported to a series of enlisted physicians with no expertise in museology. Plans for a permanent CMWM building in Ottawa eventually failed and Abbott maintained the collection at McGill (Montreal, Quebec, Canada) until her death in 1940. We trace the CMWM after her death.Conclusions.—Sadly, after Abbott had meticulously prepared these precious teaching specimens so that their previous owners' ultimate sacrifice would continue to help their military brethren, the relics were bureaucratically lost.
Comparative Performance of Breast Cancer Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization and Brightfield In Situ Hybridization on College of American Pathologists Proficiency Tests
Authors: Geiersbach Katherine B. , Bridge Julia A. , Dolan Michelle , Jennings Lawrence J. , Persons Diane L. , Souers Rhona J. , Tsuchiya Karen D. , Vasalos Patricia H. , Moncur Joel T. 
Published: May 2018

Context.—Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and brightfield in situ hybridization (ISH) are 2 clinically approved laboratory methods for detecting ERBB2 (HER2) amplification in breast cancer.Objective.—To compare the performance of FISH and brightfield ISH on proficiency testing administered by the College of American Pathologists Laboratory Accreditation Program.Design.—Retrospective review was performed on 70 tissue core samples in 7 separate proficiency testing surveys conducted between 2009 and 2013.Results.—The samples included 13 consensus-amplified tissue cores, 53 consensus-nonamplified cores, and 4 cores that did not reach consensus for FISH and/or brightfield ISH. There were 2552 individual responses for FISH and 1871 individual responses for brightfield ISH. Consensus response rates were comparable for FISH (2474 of 2524; 98.0%) and brightfield ISH (2135 of 2189; 97.5%). The FISH analysis yielded an average HER2 copy number per cell that was significantly higher (by 2.86; P = .02) compared with brightfield ISH for amplified cores. For nonamplified cores, FISH yielded slightly, but not significantly, higher (by 0.17; P = .10) HER2 copy numbers per cell. There was no significant difference in the average HER2 to control ratio for either consensus-amplified or consensus-nonamplified cores. Participants reported “unable to analyze” more frequently for brightfield ISH (244 of 2453; 9.9%) than they did for FISH (160 of 2684; 6.0%).Conclusions.—Our study indicates a high concordance rate in proficiency testing surveys, with some significant differences noted in the technical performance of these assays. In borderline cases, updated American Society of Clinical Oncology/College of American Pathologists cutoff thresholds that place greater emphasis on HER2 copy number per cell could accentuate those differences between FISH and brightfield ISH.
Global genomic similarity and core genome sequence diversity of the Streptococcus genus as a toolkit to identify closely related bacterial species in complex environments.
Authors: Barajas de la Torre Hugo R , Romero Miguel , Martínez-Sánchez Shamayim , Alcaraz Luis D 
Published: May 2018

Background. Comparative genomics between closely related bacterial strains can distinguish important features determining pathogenesis, antibiotic resistance, and phylogenetic structure. The Streptococcus genus is relevant to public health and food safety and it is well-represented (>100 genomes) in databases of publicly available databases. Streptococci are cosmopolitan, with multiple sources of isolation, from humans to dairy products. The Streptococcus genus has been classified by morphology, serotypes, 16S rRNA gene, and Multi Locus Sequence Types (MLST). The Genomic Similarity Score (GSS) is proposed as a tool to quantify genome level relatedness between species of Streptococcus. The Streptococcus core genome can be used to assess strain specific abundances in metagenomic sequences.
Methods. A 16S rRNA gene phylogeny was calculated for 108 strains, belonging to 16 Streptococcus species and compared to a dendrogram using GSS pairwise distances for the same genomes. The core and pan-genome were calculated for these 108 genomes. The core genome sequences were analyzed and used as a resource to discriminate homologous fragment reads from closely related strains in metagenomic samples.
Results. A total of 404 proteins are shared by all 108 Streptococcus genomes, which is the core genome. The pairwise amino acid identity values of the core proteins for all the compared strains and outgroups are reported. Lower sequence identity variation (90-100%) is predominantly found in core clusters containing ribosomal and translation-related proteins. For 48 core proteins (11.8%) no functional assignment could be made and those proteins have larger sequence identity variations than other core proteins. The sequence identity of the core genome diminishes as GSS score between species decreases. The GSS dendrogram recovers most of the clades in the 16S rRNA gene phylogeny while distinguishing between 16S polytomies (unresolved nodes). Finally, the core genome was used to distinguish between closely related species within human oral metagenomes.
Discussion. The Streptococcus genus provides a benchmark dataset for comparative genomic studies due to the breath depth of genomic coverage. Comparing metagenomic shotgun fragment reads to the core genome using rapid alignment tools allows species-specific abundance estimates in metagenomic samples. Understanding of genomic variability and strains relatedness is the goal of tools like GSS, which make use of both pairwise shared core and pan-genomic homologous shared sequences for its calculation.
In Vitro Microscale Models for Embryogenesis
Authors: Rico‐Varela Jennifer , Ho Dominic , Wan Leo Q. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractEmbryogenesis is a highly regulated developmental process requiring complex mechanical and biochemical microenvironments to give rise to a fully developed and functional embryo. Significant efforts are taken to recapitulate specific features of embryogenesis by presenting the cells with developmentally relevant signals. The outcomes, however, are limited partly due to the complexity of this biological process. Microtechnologies such as micropatterned and microfluidic systems, along with new emerging embryonic stem cell‐based models, can potentially serve as powerful tools to study embryogenesis. The aim of this article is to review major studies involving the culturing of pluripotent stem cells using different geometrical patterns, microfluidic platforms, and embryo/embryoid body‐on‐a‐chip modalities. Indeed, new research opportunities have emerged for establishing in vitro culture for studying human embryogenesis and for high‐throughput pharmacological testing platforms and disease models to prevent defects in early stages of human development.
A Strategy for Architecture Design of Crystalline Perovskite Light‐Emitting Diodes with High Performance
Authors: Shi Yifei , Wu Wen , Dong Hua , Li Guangru , Xi Kai , Divitini Giorgio , Ran Chenxin , Yuan Fang , Zhang Min , Jiao Bo , Hou Xun , Wu Zhaoxin 
Published: May 2018

AbstractAll present designs of perovskite light‐emitting diodes (PeLEDs) stem from polymer light‐emitting diodes (PLEDs) or perovskite solar cells. The optimal structure of PeLEDs can be predicted to differ from PLEDs due to the different fluorescence dynamics and crystallization between perovskite and polymer. Herein, a new design strategy and conception is introduced, “insulator–perovskite–insulator” (IPI) architecture tailored to PeLEDs. As examples of FAPbBr3 and MAPbBr3, it is experimentally shown that the IPI structure effectively induces charge carriers into perovskite crystals, blocks leakage currents via pinholes in the perovskite film, and avoids exciton quenching simultaneously. Consequently, as for FAPbBr3, a 30‐fold enhancement in the current efficiency of IPI‐structured PeLEDs compared to a control device with poly(3,4ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) as hole‐injection layer is achieved—from 0.64 to 20.3 cd A−1—while the external quantum efficiency is increased from 0.174% to 5.53%. As the example of CsPbBr3, compared with the control device, both current efficiency and lifetime of IPI‐structured PeLEDs are improved from 1.42 and 4 h to 9.86 cd A−1 and 96 h. This IPI architecture represents a novel strategy for the design of light‐emitting didoes based on various perovskites with high efficiencies and stabilities.
Few‐Layer Silicene Nanosheets with Superior Lithium‐Storage Properties
Authors: Liu Jingjing , Yang Yang , Lyu Pengbo , Nachtigall Petr , Xu Yuxi 
Published: May 2018

AbstractSilicene, a 2D silicon allotrope with unique low‐buckled structure, has attracted increasing attention in recent years due to its many superior properties. So far, epitaxial growth is one of the very limited ways to obtain high‐quality silicene, which severely impedes the research and application of silicene. Therefore, large‐scale synthesis of silicene is a great challenge, yet urgently desired. Herein, the first scalable preparation of free‐standing high‐quality silicene nanosheets via liquid oxidation and exfoliation of CaSi2 is reported. This new synthesis strategy successfully induces mild oxidation of the (Si2n)2n− layers in CaSi2 into neutral Si2n layers without damage of pristine silicene structure and promotes the exfoliation of stacked silicene layers. The obtained silicene sheets are dispersible and ultrathin ones with monolayer or few‐layer thickness and exhibit excellent crystallinity. As a unique 2D layered silicon allotrope, the silicene nanosheets are further explored as new anodes for lithium‐ion batteries and exhibit a nearly theoretical capacity of 721 mAh g−1 at 0.1 A g−1 and an extraordinary cycling stability with no capacity decay after 1800 cycles in contrast to previous most silicon anodes showing rapid capacity decay, thus holding great promise for energy storage and beyond.
Phase Manipulation of Electromagnetic Waves with Metasurfaces and Its Applications in Nanophotonics
Authors: Chen Shuqi , Li Zhi , Zhang Yuebian , Cheng Hua , Tian Jianguo 
Published: May 2018

AbstractRelative to conventional phase‐modulation optical elements, metasurfaces (i.e., 2D versions of metamaterials) have shown novel optical phenomena and promising functionalities with more compact platforms and more straightforward fabrication processes. With the ability to generate a spatial phase variation, optical wavefronts can be manipulated into arbitrary shapes at will, enabling new phenomena and integrated ultrathin optical devices to be explored. This review is focused on recent developments regarding phase manipulation of electromagnetic waves with metasurfaces. Starting from their underlying physics for realizing full 2π phase manipulation, an overview of the applications of such metasurfaces in nanophotonics is discussed, concluding with a discussion of future prospects in this field.
Multifunctional Hybrid Metasurfaces for Dynamic Tuning of Terahertz Waves
Authors: Cai Honglei , Chen Shi , Zou Chongwen , Huang Qiuping , Liu Yu , Hu Xiang , Fu Zhengping , Zhao Yi , He Hongchuan , Lu Yalin 
Published: May 2018

AbstractActively tuning optical transmission through hybrid metasurfaces incorporated with multifunctional active media holds great promise for the next generation optical devices. In the terahertz (THz) range, they remain rare due to the lack of dynamic and multifunctional designs and materials. Here, a vanadium dioxide (VO2)‐based hybrid metasurface is proposed to present multifunctional control of THz waves via electrically triggering and ultrafast optical excitation. By minimizing the thermal mass of VO2 and optimizing the VO2 patterns within two side gaps of the asymmetric split‐ring resonators, a hybrid metasurface which can tune the THz wave with an absolute modulation depth up to 54% and a figure of merit as high as 138% is hereby presented. The hybrid metasurface achieves a switching time of 2.2 s under the electrically triggering and offers an ultrafast modulation within 30 ps under the femtosecond pulse excitation. More interestingly, owing to the intrinsic hysteresis behavior of VO2, the hybrid metasurface exhibits distinguishing multistate transmission amplitudes with a single electrical input. In short, this study paves the way for robust multifunctionality in electric‐controlled terahertz switching, photonic memory, and ultrafast terahertz optics.
A Highly Sensitive UV–vis–NIR All‐Inorganic Perovskite Quantum Dot Phototransistor Based on a Layered Heterojunction
Authors: Zou Chen , Xi Yuyin , Huang Chun‐Ying , Keeler Ethan G. , Feng Tianyu , Zhu Shihao , Pozzo Lilo D. , Lin Lih Y. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractAll‐inorganic perovskite quantum dots (IPQDs) are a promising material for use in various optoelectronic devices due to their excellent optoelectronic properties and high environmental stability. Here, a high‐performance phototransistor based on a layered heterojunction composed of CsPbI3 QDs and a narrow‐bandgap conjugated polymer DPP‐DTT is reported, which shows a high responsivity of 110 A W−1, a specific detectivity of 2.9 × 1013 Jones and a light to dark current ratio up to 6 × 103. The heterojunction phototransistor exhibits unipolar p‐type and gate bias modulated behaviors. In addition, the device exhibits a broad spectral detection range from ultraviolet to near infrared. The high sensitivity of the device is attributed to the layered heterojunction and the gate bias modulation property. The work overcomes the existing limitations in sensitivity of IPQD photodetectors due to the poor charge transport between QDs. The convenient solution‐processed fabrication and excellent device performance especially suggest the IPQD/narrow‐bandgap conjugate polymer heterojunction as a promising structure for potential applications of ultrasensitive broadband photodetectors compatible with a wide variety of substrates.
Large‐Area Tunable Visible‐to‐Near‐Infrared Luminescent Solar Concentrators
Authors: Correia Sandra F. H. , Frias Ana R. , Fu Lianshe , Rondão Raquel , Pecoraro Edison , Ribeiro Sidney J. L. , André Paulo S. , Ferreira Rute A. S. , Carlos Luís D. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractLuminescent solar concentrators (LSCs) appear as an intriguing way to cope with the limitation of the mismatch between the photovoltaic (PV) cells response and the solar spectrum, with the additional advantage of facilitating urban integration of photovoltaics. A new LSCs geometry based on triangular hollow‐core plastic optical fibers (POFs) filled with organic–inorganic hybrid materials doped with Rhodamine 6G, Rhodamine 800, or an Europium β‐diketonate complex is presented. Large‐area LSCs are built from POFs bundle structures, whose assembling is favored by the fiber triangular cross section that also maximizes the coverage of a PV cell surface compared with cylindrical POFs. Each bundle fiber behaves as an individual LSC absorbing UV/blue components of the solar spectrum and emitting visible/NIR radiation. The LSCs are characterized by optical conversion efficiency values up to ηopt ≈5.3%, among the largest values reported for single‐layer LSCs. Moreover, the coupling between the LSCs to commercial Si PV cells yields maximum power conversion efficiency values of PCE ≈0.74%. The individual waveguiding features of each fiber in the bundle contribute to reduce the reabsorption, as lower performance values (ηopt ≈1.5%; PCE ≈0.09%) are estimated for a planar LSC with analogous surface collection area and light‐harvesting absorbance.