bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anatomy transformed
Authors: Lee T. C. , Molnár Z. , Stein A. , O'Dea M. , Kokaram A. , Simms C. K. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThis paper arose from exhibitions in Oxford and Dublin and comprises three experiments which look at the relationship between anatomy and art. In the first experiment, a passport photograph, photographic portrait and portrait in oils, all of the same sitter, show how artistic input transforms anatomy from a mere likeness into works of art. In the second, the reverse is true, as computer techniques render idealized old master images anatomically accurate. The third experiment addresses the biomechanical consequences of anatomical variation and shows that vehicular design is based on mean body shapes, and so it is the average, rather than the idealized, form that is safer in a collision.
Liver rupture in a 28‐year‐old primigravida with superimposed pre‐eclampsia and hemolysis, elevated liver enzyme levels, and low platelet count syndrome
Authors: Kaltofen Till , Grabmeier Johanna , Weissenbacher Tobias , Hallfeldt Klaus , Mahner Sven , Hutter Stefan 
Published: March 2019

AbstractSerious hepatic complications, although rare, are one of the leading causes of maternofetal morbidity and mortality in hypertensive pregnancy disorders. A 28‐year‐old primigravida was transferred to our hospital complaining of refractory epigastric pain in the 29th week of pregnancy and was subsequently admitted due to superimposed pre‐eclampsia and hemolysis, elevated liver enzyme levels, and low platelet count syndrome. Following a pathological cardiotocogram, a cesarean section was performed. The intra‐abdominal situs presented with 1000 mL of blood and a bleeding rupture of the left lobe of the liver. The trauma to the liver was surgically repaired with a suture and the patient's state was stabilized. Following the surgical procedures and neonatal intensive care, mother and newborn both recovered without residues. In order to avoid unnecessary maternal morbidity, we therefore recommend an abdominal ultrasound, beyond an obstetric focus, as an additional and sensible means of diagnostic imaging in cases of hemolysis, elevated liver enzyme levels, and low platelet count syndrome.
Understanding 2016: China, Brexit and Trump in the history of uneven and combined development
Authors: Rosenberg Justin , Boyle Chris 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThis article uses the theory of uneven and combined development (U&CD) to produce a novel explanation of ‘Brexit and Trump’ – the two shock political events of 2016. The argument proceeds in three steps. First, we identify the global conjuncture of historicalunevennessin which the votes occurred: how the neoliberal transformation of the advanced capitalist countries was synchronized with the radically different process of primitive accumulation in China. Second, we apply the theory of U&CD to this peculiar ‘simultaneity of the non‐simultaneous’: the ‘big country’ effects of China's industrialization, we find, were thrice multiplied by itscombinationwith the advanced sectors of the world economy, which accelerated China's take‐off, brought forward its export phase, and widened its export profile at a moment of maximum openness in international trade. Finally, this produced the pattern ofdevelopmentthat led to the events of 2016: the resultant trade shocks intensified the internal inequalities of British and American societies in ways that match the geography of the Leave and Trump votes. The analysis has a wider intellectual implication too, for the phenomena of historical unevenness and combination are intrinsic to the history of the global political economy; and the theory of U&CD therefore has a unique contribution to make to the field of International Political Economy.
A fifth generation of revolution theory?
Authors: Allinson Jamie 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe study of revolution in historical sociology is conventionally divided into four ‘generations’ of scholarship, with the fourth associated with an agency‐focused approach that departed from an immanent critique of the structuralism they saw in the third. However, the resurgence of revolution in the early 21st century led to the criticism that even the fourth generation had failed sufficiently to overcome its structuralist limitations. This essay identifies a hitherto unacknowledged ‘fifth’ generation, exemplified in the three works under review, and distinguished by its move away from an object of study conceived as violent social transformation towards non‐violent change of political regime. This focus on revolutions with many friends and few enemies entailed a convergence with democratization and social movement theory, and the post‐Cold War dominance of the United States as global context. That liberal moment now having passed, revolutions have again become far more divisive and class‐based affairs even if they do not propose a programme of profound social transformation, as witnessed in the aftermath of the ‘Arab Spring.’
Changing Times Together? A Time‐Diary Analysis of Family Time in the Digital Age in the United Kingdom
Authors: Mullan Killian , Chatzitheochari Stella 
Published: March 2019

AbstractObjective: This study examines the impact of digital mobile devices on different aspects of family time in the United Kingdom.Background: Recent years have witnessed increasing concerns surrounding the consequences of the widespread diffusion of Internet‐enabled mobile devices such as smartphones for family well‐being. However, research examining the extent to which mobile devices have influenced family time remains limited.Method: Using nationally representative time‐diary data spanning a period of unprecedented technological change (U.K. 2000 and 2015 Time Use Surveys), the authors construct a set of novel family time measures that capture varying degrees of family togetherness and examine changes in these measures over time. Novel diary data are also analyzed to explore the occurrence of mobile device use during different aspects of family time in 2015.Results: Children and parents spent more time at the same location in 2015, and there was no change in the time they spent doing activities together. However, there was a marked increase of alone‐together time, when children were at the same location as their parents, but did not report that they were copresent with them. The results show that children and parents used mobile devices during all aspects of family time in 2015, but device use was notably concentrated during alone‐together time.Conclusion: This study provides an empirical basis for documenting the impact of mobile device use on family time.
Bridging the gap: A network approach to Dark Triad, Mental Toughness, the Big Five, and perceived stress
Authors: Papageorgiou Kostas A. , Benini Elena , Bilello Delfina , Gianniou Foteini‐Maria , Clough Peter J. , Costantini Giulio 
Published: March 2019

AbstractObjectiveWe employed the network methodology to explore the connections between the Dark Triad (DT) traits with Mental Toughness (MT) and the degree to which they account for perceived stress beyond the Big Five (B5).MethodNetwork analyses were undertaken to explore connections between the DT, MT, and perceived stress, independently in two samples, and in the combined dataset; and whether B5 factors are responsible for the connections that emerged in the original network.ResultsDT and MT traits improved the prediction of perceived stress above the B5. Furthermore, narcissism occupied a strategic position in the network acting as a bridge between prosocial and “dark” sides of personality. The pattern of network connections could not be explained by B5 traits alone.ConclusionsThe results suggest that there is more to personality than what can be captured by the B5 and that broadening the domain of personality beyond the B5 can improve the prediction of important outcomes, such as perceived stress. Narcissism is a unique trait and studying its connection with MT may be the key to moving forward from a dichotomous way of perceiving personality traits, as beneficial or malevolent, to focusing on a dynamic continuum of personality.
#poetryisnotdead: understanding Instagram poetry within a transliteracies framework
Authors: Kovalik Kate , Curwood Jen Scott 
Published: March 2019

AbstractAdolescents are more connected to the globalised world than ever before, with an increased prevalence of social media use amongst youth. Young people are composing multimodal creative works, including digital poetry, to share with an online audience, using platforms such as Instagram. Drawing on transliteracies theory, this case study found that three main themes appeared regarding the nature of literacy practices on Instagram. Community and interactivity were important to poets, especially in regard to feedback. The platform and complementary apps, especially those used for photo editing, afforded poets agency and fostered multimodality when composing, thus highlighting the changing nature of digitised writing practices. Value was placed on the mobility and accessibility of Instagram as a mobile app, for composing and consuming digital poetry. Young people may therefore be considered innovators of multimodal writing who employ ever‐evolving technologies to engage in authentic literacy practices in digital spaces. As a result, this study suggests that the implications of Instapoetry on English pedagogy include the increased exposure and relevance of poetry writing and appreciation, a space for student‐centred writing, reading, and analysis of poems, as well as a relevant method of peer review and collaboration.
Feasibility of approximate measurement of bladder volume in male patients using the Lilium α‐200 portable ultrasound bladder scanner
Authors: Kamei Jun , Watanabe Daiji , Homma Yukio , Kume Haruki , Igawa Yasuhiko 
Published: March 2019

ObjectiveThis study examined the accuracy of a new portable ultrasound bladder scanner, the Lilium α‐200 (Lilium Otsuka, Kanagawa, Japan), by evaluating the correlation between bladder volumes periodically measured by the Lilium α‐200 and instilled volume during video‐urodynamic studies (V‐UDS).MethodsUsing the Lilium α‐200, fluid volume was measured prospectively in the bladders of patients with lower urinary tract dysfunction during V‐UDS. This was done both immediately after micturition (for assessment of post‐void residual [PVR] volume) and at 1‐minute intervals during filling cystometry with patients in the supine position. These measurements were then compared with the PVR volume obtained directly by catheter drainage and instilled volume during cystometry using paired t tests and Spearman's rank correlation.ResultsFifteen male patients (median age 70.5 years; range 18‐84 years) were included in the study. The PVR volume measured by the Lilium α‐200 was strongly correlated with that obtained by catheter drainage (r = 0.94; P < 0.0001). There was a strong correlation between instilled and bladder volumes measured by the Lilium α‐200 at every minute during and at the end of instillation (281 measurements in 15 patients; r = 0.86; P < 0.0001). However, the relative error of bladder volumes measured by the Lilium α‐200 during cystometry showed considerable variation (mean [± SD] 5.6 ± 62.9%).ConclusionsBladder volumes measured periodically by the Lilium α‐200 during cystometry were strongly correlated with actual PVR or instilled volumes. However, they showed considerable variation and may not predict actual volume accurately. The Lilium α‐200 is feasible for obtaining an approximate measure of bladder volume.
Libyan Desert Glass area in western Egypt: Shocked quartz in bedrock points to a possible deeply eroded impact structure in the region
Authors: Koeberl Christian , Ferrière Ludovic 
Published: March 2019

AbstractLibyan Desert Glass (LDG) is an enigmatic natural glass, about 28.5 million years old, which occurs on the floor of corridors between sand dunes of the southwestern corner of the Great Sand Sea in western Egypt, near the Libyan border. The glass occurs as centimeter‐ to decimeter‐sized, irregularly shaped, and strongly wind‐eroded pieces. The origin of the LDG has been the subject of much debate since its discovery, and a variety of exotic processes were suggested, including a hydrothermal sol‐gel process or a lunar volcanic source. However, evidence of an impact origin of these glasses included the presence of schlieren and partly or completely digested minerals, such as lechatelierite, baddeleyite (a high‐T breakdown product of zircon), and the presence of a meteoritic component in some of the glass samples. The source material of the glass remains an open question. Geochemical data indicate that neither the local sands nor sandstones from various sources in the region are good candidates to be the sole precursors of the LDG. No detailed studies of all local rocks exist, though. There are some chemical and isotopic similarity to rocks from the BP and Oasis impact structures in Libya, but no further evidence for a link between these structures and LDG was found so far. These complications and the lack of a crater structure in the area of the LDG strewn field have rendered an origin by airburst‐induced melting of surface rocks as a much‐discussed alternative. About 20 years ago, a few shocked quartz‐bearing breccias (float samples) were found in the LDG strewn field. To study this question further, several basement rock outcrops in the LDG area were sampled during three expeditions in the area. Here we report on the discovery of shock‐produced planar microdeformation features, namely planar fractures (PFs), planar deformation features (PDFs), and feather features (FFs), in quartz grains from bedrock samples. Our observations show that the investigated samples were shocked to moderate pressure, of at least 16 GPa. We interpret these observations to indicate that there was a physical impact event, not just an airburst, and that the crater has been almost completely eroded since its formation.
Thermo‐mechanical interaction of a large impact melt sheet with adjacent target rock, Sudbury impact structure, Canada
Authors: Göllner Paul L. , Wüstemann Torben , Bendschneider Lisa , Reimers Sebastian , Clark Martin D. , Gibson Lisa , Lightfoot Peter C. , Riller Ulrich 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe 1.85 Ga Sudbury Igneous Complex (SIC) and its thermal aureole are unique on Earth with regard to unraveling the effects of a large impact melt sheet on adjacent target rocks. Notably, the formation of Footwall Breccia, lining the basal SIC, remains controversial and has been attributed to impact, cratering, and postcratering processes. Based on detailed field mapping and microstructural analysis of thermal aureole rocks, we identified three distinct zones characterized by static recrystallization, incipient melting, and crystallization textures. The temperature gradient in the thermal aureole increases toward the SIC and culminates in a zone of partial melting, which correlates spatially with the Footwall Breccia. We therefore conclude that assimilation of target rock into initially superheated impact melt and simultaneous deformation after cratering strongly contributed to breccia formation. Estimated melt fractions of the Footwall Breccia amount to 80 vol% and attest to an extreme loss in mechanical strength and, thus, high mobility of the Breccia during assimilation. Transport of highly mobile Footwall Breccia material into the overlying Sublayer Norite of the SIC and vice versa can be attributed to Raleigh–Taylor instability of both units, long‐term crater modification caused by viscous relaxation of crust underlying the Sudbury impact structure, or both.
Expression of immune‐related genes in rectum and colon descendens of Irritable Bowel Syndrome patients is unrelated to clinical symptoms
Authors: Aguilera‐Lizarraga Javier , Florens Morgane V. , Van Brussel Thomas , Clevers Egbert , Van Oudenhove Lukas , Lambrechts Diether , Wouters Mira M. , Boeckxstaens Guy E. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBackgroundMucosal immune activation has been postulated to play an important role in the pathogenesis of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). However, data are conflicting and often based on small patient cohorts. Here, we aimed to evaluate the gene expression of a large set of immune‐related genes in mucosal biopsies from IBS patients and healthy volunteers (HV).MethodsA total of 171 IBS patients and 127 HV were included in the study. Rectum biopsies were collected from a cohort of 70 HV and 77 IBS patients (Rome III) and colon descendens biopsies from another cohort of 57 HV and 94 IBS patients (Rome II). Gene expression was assessed using OpenArray technology, and validated questionnaires were used to evaluate clinical characteristics (GI symptoms, somatization, anxiety, and depression).Key ResultsA subset of IBS patients (33%) with increased immune activation in the colon descendens was identified using multivariate analysis and displayed increased gene expression of IL1B (3‐fold change), prostaglandin synthase PTGS2 (2.1‐fold change), and the G‐protein‐coupled receptor MRGPRX2 (10.7‐fold change). Clinical characteristics in this subgroup were however similar to the rest of the patient cohort. Analysis of rectal biopsies failed to identify such subgroup of “immuno‐active” IBS patients in the other patient cohort.ConclusionA subset of IBS patients reveals evidence of immune activation in the colon descendens, but not in the rectum; however, gene expression is unrelated to clinical symptoms. To what extent this subgroup might however respond to anti‐inflammatory therapy remains to be investigated.
Hemodynamics of infants with strong fluctuations of internal cerebral vein
Authors: Ikeda Toshifumi , Ito Yuya , Mikami Ryosuke , Matsuo Koji , Kawamura Naoto , Yamoto Akane 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBackgroundThere is a high incidence of intraventricular hemorrhage in extremely low‐birthweight (ELBW) infants of low gestational age with high‐grade fluctuations in the perfusion waveform of the internal cerebral vein. This study investigated changes in the hemodynamic status of ELBW infants during initial strong fluctuations in the perfusion waveform of the internal cerebral vein.MethodsWe evaluated the perfusion waveform of the internal cerebral vein in 192 ELBW infants from birth, every 8 h for a total of 120 h. Sixty‐seven infants had high‐grade fluctuations. On the basis of the presence of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), patients were subdivided into PDA(−) (n = 32) and PDA(+) (n = 35) groups.ResultsDuring the first high‐grade fluctuation, the PDA(−) group had significant increases in systolic, diastolic, and mean blood pressure (P < 0.001 for all). The PDA(+) group did not have significant changes in blood pressure but did have significant increases in the number of interruptions or regurgitations of diastolic renal arterial blood flow (P = 0.04) and end‐diastolic left pulmonary arterial flow velocity (P < 0.001), indicating increased left‐to‐right shunt.ConclusionsBlood pressure elevation may underlie fluctuations in the perfusion waveform of the internal cerebral vein and lead to the first high‐grade increases during acute management of ELBW infants. When no elevation in blood pressure occurred, hemodynamically significant PDA was considered a potential underlying factor.
Influence of caregiver burden on well‐being of family member caregivers of older adults
Authors: OR Recep , Kartal Asiye 
Published: March 2019

BackgroundCaregiving to older adults is one of the most important social issues associated with aging. While caregiving provides a suitable care and supportive environment for older adults, changes in the lives of caregiving family members also affect their health. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of care burden on the well‐being of family members providing care for older adults.MethodsThe study used a cross‐sectional design. The study sample included 363 family caregivers of older adults. Socio‐demographic questionnaire form, Burden Interview and Caregiver Well‐Being Scale were used as data collection tools. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed to explore the predictors of well‐being in the family caregivers of older adults.ResultsThe caregiver burden mean score was 32.63 ± 15.72 and Caregiver Well‐Being Mean score was 159.38 ± 24.55. Caregiver burden, perceived health status of the older adults, marital status, perceived health status of caregiver and social support of caregiver were found to be statistically significant predictors of well‐being in family member caregivers of older adults. Caregiver burden level was found to be the strongest predictor of well‐being in the family caregivers of older adults.ConclusionResults showed that caregiver burden had an important effect on well‐being of the caregiver. For this reason caregiver burden should be considered during interventions for improving well‐being in family caregivers of older adults. Findings of our study revealed the necessity of showing special attention to caregivers by healthcare professionals and the importance of conducting interventional studies that aim to reduce caregiver burden in order to promote well‐being.
Inflation Expectations and Monetary Policy Surprises*
Authors: Eminidou Snezana , Zachariadis Marios , Andreou Elena 
Published: March 2019

AbstractWe estimate monetary policy surprises for European consumers over time, based on monetary policy changes that were unanticipated according to consumers’ stated beliefs. We find that such monetary policy surprises have the opposite impact on inflation expectations from the impact found when assuming that consumers are well informed. Relaxing the latter assumption by focusing on consumers’ stated beliefs, unanticipated increases in the interest rate raise inflation expectations before the 2008 financial crisis. This is consistent with imperfect information theoretical settings where interest rate hikes are interpreted as positive news about the state of the economy by consumers who know that policymakers have relatively more information.
Prices or Quantities Can Dominate Banking and Borrowing*
Authors: Weitzman Martin L. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe possibility of intertemporal banking and borrowing of tradable permits is often viewed as tilting the various policy debates about optimal pollution control instruments towards favoring such time‐flexible quantities. This paper shows that this view can be misleading, at least for the simplest dynamic extension of the original “prices versus quantities” information structure. The model of this paper allows firms to know and act upon the realization of uncertain future costs two full periods ahead of the regulators. For any given circumstance, the paper shows that either a fixed price or a fixed quantity is superior in expected welfare to time‐flexible banking and borrowing. Furthermore, the standard original formula for the comparative advantage of prices over quantities contains sufficient information to completely characterize the regulatory role of intertemporal banking and borrowing. The logic and implications of these results are analyzed and discussed.