bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cardiovascular Morbidity and Mortality in Primary Sjögren's Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Beltai Aurélie , Barnetche Thomas , Daien Claire , Lukas Cedric , Gaujoux‐Viala Cécile , Combe Bernard , Morel Jacques 
Published: December 2018

ObjectivePatients with immune‐mediated inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis or systemic lupus erythematosus are at increased risk of cardiovascular disease. However, the cardiovascular risk of patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome (SS) remains poorly studied. We aimed to investigate the association between primary SS and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.MethodsWe performed a systematic review of articles in Medline and the Cochrane Library and recent abstracts from US and European meetings, searching for reports of randomized controlled studies of cardiovascular morbidity and cardiovascular mortality in primary SS. The relative risk (RR) values for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality associated with primary SS were collected and pooled in a meta‐analysis with a random‐effects model by using Review Manager (Cochrane collaboration).ResultsThe literature search revealed 484 articles and abstracts of interest; 14 studies (67,124 patients with primary SS) were included in the meta‐analysis. With primary SS versus control populations, the risk was significantly increased for coronary morbidity (RR 1.34 [95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.06–1.38]; P = 0.01), cerebrovascular morbidity (RR 1.46 [95% CI 1.43–1.49]; P < 0.00001), heart failure rate (odds ratio 2.54 [95% CI 1.30–4.97]; P < 0.007), and thromboembolic morbidity (RR 1.78 [95% CI 1.41–2.25]; P < 0.00001), with no statistically significant increased risk of cardiovascular mortality (RR 1.48 [95% CI 0.77–2.85]; P = 0.24).ConclusionThis meta‐analysis demonstrates that primary SS is associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity, which suggests that these patients should be screened for cardiovascular comorbidities and considered for preventive interventions, in a multidisciplinary approach with cardiologists.
High Thermoelectric Performance in the Wide Band‐Gap AgGa1‐xTe2 Compounds: Directional Negative Thermal Expansion and Intrinsically Low Thermal Conductivity
Authors: Su Xianli , Zhao Na , Hao Shiqiang , Stoumpos Constantinos C. , Liu Mengyuan , Chen Haijie , Xie Hongyao , Zhang Qingjie , Wolverton Chris , Tang Xinfeng , Kanatzidis Mercouri G. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractA deficiency of Ga in wide band‐gap AgGa1‐xTe2 semiconductors (1.2 eV) can be used to optimize the electrical transport properties and reduce the thermal conductivity to achieve ZT > 1 at 873 K. First‐principles density functional theory calculations and a Boson peak observed in the low temperature heat capacity data indicate the presence of strong coupling between optical phonons with low frequency and heat carrying acoustical phonons, resulting in a depressed maximum of Debye frequency in the first Brillouin zone and low phonon velocities. Moreover, the AgTe bond lengths and TeAgTe bond angles increase with rising temperature, leading to a significant distortion of the [AgTe4]7− tetrahedra, but an almost unmodified [GaTe4]5− tetrahedra. This behavior results in lattice expansion in the ab‐plane and contraction along the c‐axis, corresponding to the positive and negative Gruneisen parameters in the phonon spectral calculations. This effect gives rise to the large anharmonic behavior of the lattice. These factors together with the low frequency vibrations of Ag and Te atoms in the structure lead to an ultralow thermal conductivity of 0.18 W m−1 K−1 at 873 K.
Detection of Glioma‐Derived Exosomes with the Biotinylated Antibody‐Functionalized Titanium Nitride Plasmonic Biosensor
Authors: Qiu Guangyu , Thakur Abhimanyu , Xu Chen , Ng Siu‐Pang , Lee Youngjin , Wu Chi‐Man Lawrence 
Published: December 2018

AbstractTitanium nitride (TiN), as an excellent alternative plasmonic supporting material compared to gold and silver, exhibits tunable plasmonic properties in the visible and near‐infrared spectra. However, label‐free surface plasmon resonance biosensing with TiN is seldom reported due to lack of proper surface functionalization protocols. Herein, this study reports biotinylated antibody‐functionalized TiN (BAF‐TiN) for high‐performance label‐free biosensing applications. The BAF‐TiN biosensor can quantitatively detect exosomes of 30–200 nm extracellular vesicles, isolated from a human glioma cell line. The limit of detection for an exosomal membrane protein with the BAF‐TiN biosensor is found to be 4.29 × 10−3µg mL−1 for CD63, an exosome marker, and 2.75 × 10−3µg mL−1 for epidermal growth factor receptor variant‐III, a glioma specific mutant protein, respectively. In conclusion, combining the biocompatibility, high stability, and excellent label‐free sensing performance of TiN, the BAF‐TiN biosensor could have great potential for the detection of cancer biomarkers, including exosomal surface proteins.
Robust High Thermoelectric Harvesting Under a Self‐Humidifying Bilayer of Metal Organic Framework and Hydrogel Layer
Authors: Kim Byeonggwan , Na Jongbeom , Lim Hanwhuy , Kim Younghoon , Kim Jinbo , Kim Eunkyoung 
Published: December 2018

AbstractRobust thermoelectric harvesting is explored from a proton‐doped mixed ionic conductive (PMIC) film under water‐harvesting metal organic framework (MOF) film coupled with hydrogel layer (MOF/HG). As a PMIC, highly doped poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene)s with poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) is prepared by precisely controlling the proton doping to afford a stable and high thermoelectric PMIC. Among the PMICs, the PEDOT:PSS film doped with 30 wt% of poly(styrene sulfonic acid) (PSSH) recorded a Seebeck coefficient of over 16.2 mV K−1 and a thermal voltage of 81 mV for a temperature gradient (ΔT) of 5 K. The thermal charging on PMICs afforded high thermal voltage and current output, reproducibly, to show cumulative thermoelectric nature. Environmentally sustainable thermoelectric harvesting is achieved from a PMIC under a MOF/HG, prepared by water‐harvesting MOF‐801 coupled with a HG layer, to provide constant relative humidity of 90% and Voc over 72 h at ambient condition.
Transport and Charge Carrier Chemistry in Lithium Sulfide
Authors: Lorger Simon , Usiskin Robert E. , Maier Joachim 
Published: December 2018

AbstractLithium sulfide is a functional material of great importance for battery research, since it is the discharge product in Li–S cathodes and a frequent component of anode passivation layers. In both cases, transport of charge carriers in Li2S is critical for performance. The exploration of charge carrier chemistry in such a simple binary compound is also of fundamental scientific interest. For that purpose, impedance spectroscopy and electromotive force measurements are performed over a broad range of temperatures and doping conditions. The results indicate predominant ion conduction and can be quantitatively explained by a defect chemical model based on Frenkel disorder and vacancy‐dopant association. Mobilities and migration barriers for both vacancy and interstitial defects are deduced. The thermodynamic and kinetic parameters derived for Li+ transport in antifluorite Li2S show remarkable agreement with the analogous parameters for F− transport in fluorite compounds such as BaF2, thereby improving the structural understanding of charge carrier chemistry in such compounds. An application of these results to passivation layers in solid state batteries is also discussed.
Lipid Nanovesicles by Microfluidics: Manipulation, Synthesis, and Drug Delivery
Authors: Liu Chao , Feng Qiang , Sun Jiashu 
Published: December 2018

AbstractLipid nanovesicles, including endogenous exosomes and synthetic lipid nanoparticles, have shown great potential in disease diagnostics, drug delivery, and cancer biology. Naturally secreted nanovesicles are promising biomarkers for early detection of cancers in vitro. Synthetic nanovesicles serve as robust drug delivery systems with enhanced tumor targeting in vivo. Microfluidic platforms with features of excellent flow control and rapid mixing are exploited as versatile tools for studying lipid nanovesicles of small sizes and delicate structures. Here, an overview of microfluidics for precise manipulation and synthesis of lipid nanovesicles is provided. The mechanisms of isolation and detection of exosomes in microfluidics, as well as the clinical utility of exosomes for cancer diagnosis, are discussed. Several microfluidic designs for controlled assembly of a variety of lipid nanovesicles are highlighted. Opportunities and outstanding challenges of microfluidics‐based investigation of lipid nanovesicles are discussed.
Membrane Separation in Organic Liquid: Technologies, Achievements, and Opportunities
Authors: Liang Bin , He Xiao , Hou Junjun , Li Lianshan , Tang Zhiyong 
Published: December 2018

AbstractMembrane technology is one of the most promising technologies for separation and purification that is routinely and commercially employed in aqueous solutions. In comparison, its applications in organic solvents are severely underdeveloped mainly due to the poor stability of traditional polymer membranes in organic solvents. The emerging materials such as crosslinked polymers, covalent organic frameworks, metal–organic frameworks, conjugated microporous polymers, carbon molecular sieves, and graphene provide the solutions to address this problem. The membranes constructed with these novel materials show outstanding separation performance in regard to both high selectivity and solvent permeability, greatly pushing forward utilization of membrane technology in organic media. Here, an overview of the most important organic mixtures that need to be separated, the major separation processes adopted nowadays in organic solvents, and the recent progress in new developed membranes is provided.
Dynamic Control of Light Direction Enabled by Stimuli‐Responsive Liquid Crystal Gratings
Authors: Zola Rafael S. , Bisoyi Hari Krishna , Wang Hao , Urbas Augustine M. , Bunning Timothy J. , Li Quan 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe ability to control light direction with tailored precision via facile means is long‐desired in science and industry. With the advances in optics, a periodic structure called diffraction grating gains prominence and renders a more flexible control over light propagation when compared to prisms. Today, diffraction gratings are common components in wavelength division multiplexing devices, monochromators, lasers, spectrometers, media storage, beam steering, and many other applications. Next‐generation optical devices, however, demand nonmechanical, full and remote control, besides generating higher than 1D diffraction patterns with as few optical elements as possible. Liquid crystals (LCs) are great candidates for light control since they can form various patterns under different stimuli, including periodic structures capable of behaving as diffraction gratings. The characteristics of such gratings depend on several physical properties of the LCs such as film thickness, periodicity, and molecular orientation, all resulting from the internal constraints of the sample, and all of these are easily controllable. In this review, the authors summarize the research and development on stimuli‐controllable diffraction gratings and beam steering using LCs as the active optical materials. Dynamic gratings fabricated by applying external field forces or surface treatments and made of chiral and nonchiral LCs with and without polymer networks are described. LC gratings capable of switching under external stimuli such as light, electric and magnetic fields, heat, and chemical composition are discussed. The focus is on the materials, designs, applications, and future prospects of diffraction gratings using LC materials as active layers.
Catalytic Synthesis of 1,2,4,5‐Tetrasubstituted 1H‐Imidazole Derivatives: State of the Art
Authors: Rossi Renzo , Angelici Gaetano , Casotti Gianluca , Manzini Chiara , Lessi Marco 
Published: December 2018

AbstractTetrasubstituted 1H‐imidazoles are a large family of heteroarene derivatives that are known to include natural products isolated from marine sponges and synthetic compounds possessing a broad range of biological and pharmacological properties. Consequently, a great deal of attention has been given to the synthesis of these heteroarenes and reviews covering some synthetic aspects of this topic have been published in recent years. However, none of these reviews provides a comprehensive overview of the catalytic methods developed in the literature for the preparation of this important class of heteroarenes. This article aims to provide an updated critical picture of the catalytic processes reported in the literature up to the end of 2017 for the synthesis of 1,2,4,5‐tetrasubstituted 1H‐imidazoles illustrating these protocols and their characteristic features such as scope, efficiency, versatility, and limitations. The review also summarizes the mechanisms proposed for many of the reported processes.magnified image
Accessing Enantiopure Endocyclic Sulfoximines Through Catalytic Cycloisomerization of Oxygenated Propargyl‐Sulfinamides
Authors: Cividino Pascale , Verrier Charlie , Philouze Christian , Carret Sébastien , Poisson Jean‐François 
Published: December 2018

AbstractIn this study, a novel strategy to access endocyclic sulfoximines in an enantiopure form is reported. The approach is based on a silver nitrate‐catalyzed cyclo‐isomerization reaction of oxygenated propargylic sulfinamides and provides efficiently 5‐membered endocyclic sulfoximines (isothiazole 1‐oxide). These new heterocyclic scaffolds can be isolated or directly converted into cyclic sulfinamides via Lewis acid‐mediated sulfur dealkylation reactions.magnified image
Design of Atomically Precise Nanoscale Negative Differential Resistance Devices
Authors: Xiao Zhongcan , Ma Chuanxu , Huang Jingsong , Liang Liangbo , Lu Wenchang , Hong Kunlun , Sumpter Bobby G. , Li An‐Ping , Bernholc Jerzy 
Published: December 2018

AbstractDownscaling device dimensions to the nanometer range raises significant challenges to traditional device design, due to potential current leakage across nanoscale dimensions and the need to maintain reproducibility while dealing with atomic‐scale components. Here, negative differential resistance (NDR) devices based on atomically precise graphene nanoribbons are investigated. The computational evaluation of the traditional double‐barrier resonant‐tunneling diode NDR structure uncovers important issues at the atomic scale, concerning the need to minimize the tunneling current between the leads while achieving high peak current. A new device structure consisting of multiple short segments that enables high current by the alignment of electronic levels across the segments while enlarging the tunneling distance between the leads is proposed. The proposed structure can be built with atomic precision using a scanning tunneling microscope (STM) tip during an intermediate stage in the synthesis of an armchair nanoribbon. An experimental evaluation of the band alignment at the interfaces and an STM image of the fabricated active part of the device are also presented. This combined theoretical–experimental approach opens a new avenue for the design of nanoscale devices with atomic precision.
3D Cellular Architecture Affects MicroRNA and Protein Cargo of Extracellular Vesicles
Authors: Rocha Sara , Carvalho Joana , Oliveira Patrícia , Voglstaetter Maren , Schvartz Domitille , Thomsen Andreas R. , Walter Nadia , Khanduri Richa , Sanchez Jean‐Charles , Keller Andreas , Oliveira Carla , Nazarenko Irina 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe success of malignant tumors is conditioned by the intercellular communication between tumor cells and their microenvironment, with extracellular vesicles (EVs) acting as main mediators. While the value of 3D conditions to study tumor cells is well established, the impact of cellular architecture on EV content and function is not investigated yet. Here, a recently developed 3D cell culture microwell array is adapted for EV production and a comprehensive comparative analysis of biochemical features, RNA and proteomic profiles of EVs secreted by 2D vs 3D cultures of gastric cancer cells, is performed. 3D cultures are significantly more efficient in producing EVs than 2D cultures. Global upregulation of microRNAs and downregulation of proteins in 3D are observed, indicating their dynamic coregulation in response to cellular architecture, with the ADP‐ribosylation factor 6 signaling pathway significantly downregulated in 3D EVs. The data strengthen the biological relevance of cellular architecture for production and cargo of EVs.
Enhanced Temperature Stability and Defect Mechanism of BNT‐Based Lead‐Free Piezoceramics Investigated by a Quenching Process
Authors: Li Zhi‐Tao , Liu Hui , Thong Hao‐Cheng , Xu Ze , Zhang Mao‐Hua , Yin Jie , Li Jing‐Feng , Wang Ke , Chen Jun 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBecause of the environmental concerns of eliminating lead from piezoelectric products, bismuth‐based perovskite is becoming one of the most potential candidates. However, its relatively low thermal depolarization temperature (Td) is still an imperative obstacle hindering implementation of this material for practical application. Here, an enhanced temperature stability of 0.94(Bi0.5Na0.5)TiO3‐0.06BaTiO3 (BNTBT6) piezoceramics is reported, which can be obtained by the effective quenching process. Quenching process enhances the depolarization temperature to 136 °C, which is 40 °C higher than that of normal sintered samples. By using X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy and electron paramagnetic resonance methods, it is revealed that oxygen vacancy may exist in the quenched samples and consequently pins the domain walls, resulting in significant enhancement of depolarization temperature. Temperature‐dependent dielectric, piezoelectric, and ferroelectric behaviors are measured as criteria to evidence the enhanced temperature stability.
Mortality among autoworkers manufacturing electronics in Huntsville, Alabama
Authors: DeBono Nathan , Kelly‐Reif Kaitlin , Richardson David , Keil Alex , Robinson Whitney , Troester Melissa , Marshall Stephen 
Published: December 2018

BackgroundWorkers raised concerns over suspected excesses of mortality at automotive electronics manufacturing facilities in Huntsville, Alabama.MethodsA study of 4396 UAW members ever‐employed at Huntsville facilities between 1972 and 1993 was conducted with mortality follow‐up through 2016. Standardized Mortality Ratios (SMRs) were estimated using U.S. and Alabama reference rates.ResultsRelative to U.S. rates, there was a modest excess of all‐cause mortality among White female workers (SMR 1.08, 95%CI: 0.99‐1.18) and among all workers hired <1977 at the original plant building (SMR 1.10, 95%CI: 0.99‐1.22). There was excess nervous system disorder (SMR 1.24, 95%CI: 0.91‐1.65) and brain and nervous system cancer (SMR 1.31, 95%CI: 0.67‐2.28) mortality. Estimates for several causes of interest were imprecise.ConclusionsAll‐cause mortality estimates were greater than anticipated based on results from other UAW cohorts. The excess of nervous system disease mortality is consistent with other studies of electronics workers exposed to lead‐solder and chlorinated solvents.
Burkitt lymphoma in a patient with Kabuki syndrome carrying a novel KMT2D mutation
Authors: de Billy Emmanuel , Strocchio Luisa , Cacchione Antonella , Agolini Emanuele , Gnazzo Maria , Novelli Antonio , De Vito Rita , Capolino Rossella , Digilio Maria Cristina , Caruso Roberta , Mastronuzzi Angela , Locatelli Franco 
Published: December 2018

Kabuki syndrome (KS) is an extremely rare genetic disorder, mainly caused by germline mutations at specific epigenetic modifier genes, including KMT2D. Because the tumor suppressor gene KMT2D is also frequently altered in many cancer types, it has been suggested that KS may predispose to the development of cancer. However, KS being a rare disorder, few data are available on the incidence of cancer in KS patients.Here, we report the case of a 5‐year‐old boy affected by KS who developed Burkitt lymphoma (BL). Genetic analysis revealed the presence of a novel heterozygous mutation in the splice site of the intron 4 of KMT2D gene in both peripheral blood‐extracted DNA and tumour cells. In addition, the tumour sample of the patient was positive for the classical somatic chromosomal translocation t(8;14) involving the c‐MYC gene frequently identified in BL. We propose that the mutated KMT2D gene contributes to the development of both KS and BL observed in our patient and we suggest that strict surveillance must be performed in KS patients.
Non‐Hydrolytic β‐Lactam Antibiotic Fragmentation by l,d‐Transpeptidases and Serine β‐Lactamase Cysteine Variants
Authors: Lohans Christopher T. , Chan H. T. Henry , Malla Tika R. , Kumar Kiran , Kamps Jos J. A. G. , McArdle Darius J. B. , van Groesen Emma , de Munnik Mariska , Tooke Catherine L. , Spencer James , Paton Robert S. , Brem Jürgen , Schofield Christopher J. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractEnzymes often use nucleophilic serine, threonine, and cysteine residues to achieve the same type of reaction; the underlying reasons for this are not understood. While bacterial d,d‐transpeptidases (penicillin‐binding proteins) employ a nucleophilic serine, l,d‐transpeptidases use a nucleophilic cysteine. The covalent complexes formed by l,d‐transpeptidases with some β‐lactam antibiotics undergo non‐hydrolytic fragmentation. This is not usually observed for penicillin‐binding proteins, or for the related serine β‐lactamases. Replacement of the nucleophilic serine of serine β‐lactamases with cysteine yields enzymes which fragment β‐lactams via a similar mechanism as the l,d‐transpeptidases, implying the different reaction outcomes are principally due to the formation of thioester versus ester intermediates. The results highlight fundamental differences in the reactivity of nucleophilic serine and cysteine enzymes, and imply new possibilities for the inhibition of nucleophilic enzymes.
Ion Mobility Mass Spectrometry Measures the Conformational Landscape of p27 and its Domains and how this is Modulated upon Interaction with Cdk2/cyclin A
Authors: Beveridge Rebecca , Migas Lukasz G. , Kriwacki Richard W. , Barran Perdita E. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractIntrinsically disordered proteins have been reported to undergo disorder‐to‐order transitions upon binding to their partners in the cell. The extent of the ordering upon binding and the lack of order prior to binding is difficult to visualize with classical structure determination methods. Binding of p27 to the Cdk2/cyclin A complex is accompanied by partial folding of p27 in the KID domain, with the retention of dynamic behavior for function, particularly in the C‐terminal half of the protein. Herein, native ion mobility mass spectrometry (IM‐MS) is employed to measure the intrinsic dynamic properties of p27, both in isolation and within the trimeric complex with Cdk2/cyclin A. The trimeric Cdk2/cyclin A/p27‐KID complex possesses significant structural heterogeneity compared to Cdk2/cyclin A. These findings support the formation of a fuzzy complex in which both the N‐ and C‐termini of p27 interact with Cdk2/cyclin A in multiple, closely associated states.