bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Microrobot’s Performance in Cell-Lining Surfaces and Ex-vivo Tissue
Authors: Ribeiro Carla , Nauber Richard , Aziz Azaam , Robles David Castellanos , Hebenstreit Franziska , Medina-Sánchez Mariana 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Medical microrobots (MRs) have emerged as promising tools for various biomedical applications, spanning therapeutics, diagnostics, and surgical interventions. Of particular interest is their potential in the female reproductive tract, where the intricate nature of the organs presents unique challenges and opportunities. In reproductive medicine, we can use alginate beads for local drug delivery for cancer cells, or the spiral carrier could provide a non-invasive alternative for intrafallopian zygote transfer. However, our understanding of these MRs' performance within this complex environment still needs to be improved. This study aims to assess the motion capabilities of various MR designs, including spiral embryo carriers, soft-capsule alginate beads, and therapeutic Janus particles—across diverse environmental conditions. Specifically, we focused on evaluating their performance on a cell monolayer that simulates the lining of the reproductive tract. Our findings reveal that the motion of these MRs above cell-coated channels does not compromise cell viability. Furthermore, we demonstrate the successful propulsion of Janus MRs coated with cumulus cells as camouflage to improve their performance in ex-vivo bovine oviduct tissue. This study enhances our understanding of MRs dynamics in the female reproductive tract. It lays the basis for their future integration into targeted therapeutic and diagnostic strategies in gynecological medicine.
A probiotic containing L. plantarum and P. acidilactici strains for treating upper respiratory infections in children aged 6 months to 5 years: a randomized, double-blind trial
Authors: Andrade-Platas Diana , Martinez-Figueroa Martha Gloria , Rodriguez-Palmero Maria , Espadaler-Mazo Jordi 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Upper respiratory infections (URIs) are highly prevalent, especially among young children. We aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of a specific probiotic formula in shortening the duration of pediatric URIs of viral origin.
A randomized, double-blind clinical trial was conducted in children aged 6 months to 5 years, with URI with pharyngitis as diagnosed by a specialist. Participants were allocated to probiotic (strains L. plantarum KABP022, KABP023 and KABP033, and P. acidilactici KABP021) or placebo, twice daily for 15 days, and further followed up at 30 and 60 days from baseline. Antipyretic (ibuprofen) and antihistamine (cetirizine) were allowed as comedication and controlled. Co-primary outcomes were days of fever (axillary temperature >37.5ºC) and days of pain/discomfort (Face, Legs, Activity, Cry and Consolability [FLACC] score >3), as recorded in a diary. Causative viruses were identified by PCR in nasopharyngeal swabs.
75 children were randomized and included in the analysis. Most frequent causative agents were rhinoviruses, coronaviruses and respiratory syncytial virus. Compared to placebo, duration of fever and of pain/discomfort were reduced by 1.1 days (95%CI 0.5-1.7; p=0.001), and by 0.7 days (95%CI 0.2-1.2; p=0.006) in probiotic group, respectively. Sensitivity analyses by detected virus, age, sex and recent URI episodes produced similar results. Use of comedication and other symptoms did not differ between study groups. No significant differences were found in the number of adverse events between the groups.
Conclusion: Intervention with this probiotic formula was associated with shorter duration of fever and pain/discomfort in pediatric URIs with pharyngitis.
Trial Registration: Prospectively registered on Oct 5th, 2023, as ISRCTN-66122782.
Scalable and selective deuteration of N-heteroarenes via single-atom photocatalysis
Authors: Dai Yi-Tao , Xu Jie , Cao Rui , Yang Shao-Zhen , Guo Yi-Ming , Xia Tong , Zhao Da , Pan Ting-Rui , Liew K.M. , Besenbacher Flemming 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Deuterated N-heteroarenes offer vital applications in pharmaceutical and material fields (e.g., psychotropic drugs and deuterated OLEDs)1,2. However, their synthesis from hydrogen isotope exchange (HIE) reactions always requires expensive isotopic reagents (D2, C2H5OD, C6D6), metal complexes, or hazardous conditions (≥ 120 oC / 20 bar H2). Here we demonstrate a novel synthesis route for deuterated N-heteroarenes via single-atom photocatalysis (Pd1/TiO2) conducted in D2O at room temperature under 410 nm irradiation and inert atmosphere. This protocol successfully afforded satisfactory deuteration of 46 N-heteroarenes. By recycling used photocatalysts/D2O, up to 1.157 kg (11.93 mol) deuterated N-heteroarenes (≥ 90% D incorporation) were yielded using only 4.5 L D2O (249 mol). Mechanism investigations revealed that partially reduced single-atom Pd species, in situ generated under light irradiation, were active sites for photocatalytic HIE. The scalable and selective deuteration of N-heteroarenes via SA photocatalysis under mild conditions in D2O described herein will offer a feasible and effective path for developing novel deuterated small-molecule drugs or electronic materials.
Gut microbiome composition is linked to Mediterranean diet adherence and blood glucose control in adults with type 1 diabetes
Authors: Bozzetto Lutgarda , Abuqwider Jumana , Pasolli Edoardo , Scidà Giuseppe , Corrado Alessandra , Vitale Marilena , De Filippis Francesca , Ercolini Danilo , Annuzzi Giovanni , Rivellese Angela 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Microbiome composition has been related to blood glucose control in children with type 1 diabetes (T1D). The Mediterranean Diet (MD) influences microbiome composition in healthy people. Whether MD influences blood glucose control in adults with long-lasting T1D through microbiome modification is not known. We aim in this study to investigate the relationships between MD, blood glucose control, and gut microbiome composition in adults with T1D, also exploring the feasibility of using gut microbiome profiles as predictive markers for clinical parameters and dietary patterns. In a cross-sectional study of 253 individuals with T1D, diet was assessed by EPIC questionnaire, adherence to the MD was evaluated by relative Mediterranean diet score (rMED), gut microbiome was analyzed by shotgun metagenomics and glucose control was assessed by HbA1c and continuous glucose monitoring. High adherence to MD was linked to improved blood glucose control, as evidenced by significantly lower HbA1c levels compared to subjects with low adherence. High adherence to MD was significantly associated with enrichment in beneficial microbial species. Conversely, low adherence corresponded to higher levels of potentially harmful species. Microbiome significantly predicted several variables including HbA1c and MD adherence. Our results highlight the beneficial effects of MD adherence on blood glucose control and gut microbiome composition in adults with long-standing T1D. The study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov with the identifier NCT05936242.
New Record of Selachian (shark) fauna from the early Miocene (Aquitanian) of Kachchh Region (western India): Palaeoecological and Palaeobiogeographic significance
Authors: Chaskar Ketan , Sagar Ramanand , Padia Darshit J , Chauhan Gaurav , Kapur Vivesh V , Pandya Pranav J. , Thakkar MG 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

The past two decades have witnessed a renewed interest in the Neogene (mainly Miocene) interval of the Kachchh (= Kutch) region owing to its potential to yield numerous records on fishes, reptiles, birds, and marine and terrestrial mammals. However, the Piscean (mainly selachian) faunal records from the Neogene (Miocene) interval have been sparsely emphasized. The current investigation reveals the most diverse assemblage of selachian (shark) fauna, to date, from the Aquitanian (~ 21 Ma) Khari Nadi Formation at Kotada, Kutch Basin, western India. The recovered selachian (shark) fauna comprises five genera, including Galeocerdo, Physogaleus, Carcharhinus, Negaprion and Hemipristis representing seven species. The presence of Galeocerdo mayumbensis, Carcharhinus falsiformis, and C. brevirostris comprise the oldest Neogene records from the Kutch Basin, western India. The diversity similarity coefficient data suggests that the Aquitanian selachian assemblage is quite dissimilar compared to the previously known Langhian-Serravallian assemblage from the Kutch Basin, western India. Global distribution of the selachian fauna reveals intermittent biogeographic connectivity between the Atlantic, the Mediterranean, and the Indian Oceanic realms during the Aquitanian to Tortonian. However, complete stratigraphic records across various Oceanic realms are warranted to fully understand the diversity change(s) and the direction(s) of migration(s) of the selachian fauna. Considering the data on Modern relatives of the recovered selachian fauna, it is most likely that the recorded selachian fauna dwelled in warm-temperate to tropical shallow coastal waters in the Neritic to Intertidal zones, i.e., coastal-reef to mesopelagic environment(s).
#75 - Pädagogik | Technik | Utopie Folge 2: Katrin Hünemörder über Utopiearbeit in der Medienbildung
Authors: Merz Redaktion , Hünemörder Katrin 
Published: December 2024

Warum ist die Medienbildung so geeignet für das Arbeiten mit Utopien? Wie schafft man in Projekten einen common ground, um gemeinsam an Utopien zu arbeiten? Und welche Bedeutung haben Utopien nicht nur für die Pädagogik, sondern für die gesamte Gesellschaft? Katrin Hünemörder, Geschäftsführerin von mediale pfade - Verein für Medienbildung e. V. berichtet aus der konkreten Projektarbeit mit Utopien.
Zu mediale pfade - Verein für Medienbildung e. V.
Сравнительный анализ состава кислотных компонентов в растительных маслах
Authors: Фомичева Т. И. , Колужникова Е. В. 
Published: December 2024

В качестве предмета сравнения выбраны образцы масел авокадо и семян тыквы, которые при различиях в способах получения и происхождения имеют схожий состав. Целью исследования является сравнение состава жирных кислот масел авокадо и семян тыквы для оценки преимуществ и недостатков их использования в качестве биологически активных веществ для внутреннего и наружного применения. Масла характеризуются высоким содержанием жирных кислот различного химического состава как насыщенных, так и ненасыщенных. В статье имеется обзор сведений об авокадо и тыкве на основе литературных источников, содержится информация о составе масел авокадо и тыквенного. Хроматографический метод анализа позволяет оценить количественные соотношения исследуемых для сравнения компонентов. Установлено, что содержание стеариновой, пальмитиновой и миристиновой В качестве предмета сравнения выбраны образцы масел авокадо и семян тыквы, которые при различиях в способах получения и происхождения имеют схожий состав. Целью исследования является сравнение состава жирных кислот масел авокадо и семян тыквы для оценки преимуществ и недостатков их использования в качестве биологически активных веществ для внутреннего и наружного применения. Масла характеризуются высоким содержанием жирных кислот различного химического состава как насыщенных, так и ненасыщенных. В статье имеется обзор сведений об авокадо и тыкве на основе литературных источников, содержится информация о составе масел авокадо и тыквенного. Хроматографический метод анализа позволяет оценить количественные соотношения исследуемых для сравнения компонентов. Установлено, что содержание стеариновой, пальмитиновой и миристиновой
Avocado and pumpkin seed oils have different origin and methods of production and are characterized by similar content. The purpose of the study is the fatty acids composition research in order to evaluate their advantages and disadvantages and beneficial qualities of this oil’s usage as biologically active additives and the part of cosmetic. The oils are characterized by a high content of fatty acids of various types, both saturated and unsaturated. In the article the overview of information about avocado and pumpkin origin and production based on literary sources is included, the composition of avocado and pumpkin oils is described. The chromatographic method of analysis allows to evaluate the quantitative ratios of the components. The content of stearic, palmitic and myristic (fatty) acids was determined is 2 times higher in pumpkin seed oil compared to avocado oil, it means the advantages of avocado oil as a low-calorie product. The analysis revealed especially high content of «essential» unsaturated fatty acids: in pumpkin seed oil it is 80%, in avocado oil it is 87%. Therefore, these oils show the expediency of using as a therapeutic agent for external and internal use particularly to reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases.
Bridges in Nepal: Enhancing Connectivity and Economic Development
Authors: Bhandari Sahadev Bahadur , Shahi Padma Bahadur , Sharma Rajendra Raj , Sharma Keshab Kumar 
Published: December 2024

Background
Nepal, known for its stunning mountainous landscape, is intersected by approximately 6,000 rivers. This unique geography necessitates the construction of numerous bridges, forming an extensive road network, including foot trails, which facilitate social interaction, cultural exchange, and economic growth. These structures connect a diverse population of over 125 ethnic groups, who speak 123 different dialects, to essential services, markets, and opportunities.

Objectives
This study explores the historical background of bridge construction in Nepal, presents the current status of bridges, and examines their impact on economic development. Additionally, it provides recommendations to support implementation agencies in addressing the challenges faced in bridge construction and proposes potential solutions.

Material and Methods
The study is based on a review of government documents, peer-reviewed articles, and primary data from bridge construction projects to provide insights into the history, current status, and role of bridges in enhancing connectivity and economic growth.

Results
The construction of bridges alongside roads and trails in Nepal has substantially contributed to economic development and increased mobility, facilitating the smooth movement of people and goods across the country. This study provides a detailed account of the chronological development of bridges in Nepal and the subsequent economic growth enabled by improved mobility. It also addresses the improvements still required. To date, 1,656 bridges have been constructed on national highways, 435 on provincial roads, and 402 on local roads by the Department of Roads, Provincial Governments, and Local bodies on national highways, provincial roads, and local roads, respectively. Additionally, more than 10,000 trail bridges have been constructed along various trails.

Conclusion
The bridges, including trail bridges, have played a vital role in enhancing connectivity and fostering economic development in Nepal.
Effects of Tea (Camellia sinensis) Addition on Soaking Salted Eggs of Organoleptic Quality, Protein Content, Fat Content, and Ash Content
Authors: Ardhi Ferdyansyah Prasetya , Amertaningtyas Dedes , Wati Anif Mukaromah , Saleha Rischa Amalia 
Published: December 2024

This research aimed to determine the effect of tea essence on the organoleptic quality, protein content, fat content, and ash content of salted eggs. The research material consisted of salted eggs with different percentages of tea essence added tea essence. The method used an experiment with 4 treatments and 4 replications. The treatments given were (P1) 25%, (P2) 50% and (P3) 75% with the addition of tea essence in different percentages and without the addition of tea essence (P0) as a control treatment. The variables measured include organoleptic quality, fat content, protein content and ash content. Data were analyzed using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The results showed that the addition of tea essence did not have a significantly different effect (p > 0.05) on the fat content, protein content, ash content, taste, aroma and color of salted eggs. Average fat content value of 10.91-10.37%, protein content of 12.05-12.43%, ash content of 1.62-1.54%, taste score of 3.75-3.65, aroma score of 3.50-3.40, and color score of 3.60-3.90. It can be concluded that the best treatment was obtained by adding 25% tea essence with an ash content value of 2.03%, a fat content of 11.40%, aroma score of 3.55, and the best treatment was obtained by adding 75% tea essence with a protein content value of 12.43%, a color score of 3.90, and taste score of 3.75.
Development and Validation of a Wave-Propelled Semi-submersible Unmanned Vehicle
Authors: Tian Yingyuan , Li Weijia , Wang Zhigang 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Ocean observation and exploration technologies are crucial for marine environmental protection and resource development, but traditional tools have limitations in terms of operating time, coverage, and cost. Wave gliders, which offer advantages such as long duration, wide range, and low cost, are a promising solution, but their low speed and weak manoeuvrability hinder their application, due to poor collision avoidance and survivability. This study proposes a novel wave-propelled semi-submersible unmanned vehicle (WPSUV) to overcome these disadvantages. The WPSUV features a submerged main structure for navigation and autonomous collision avoidance through rapid buoyancy adjustment. Modelling, computational hydrodynamic and motion simulations, and functional and performance testing at sea demonstrate the feasibility and superior performance of the WPSUV compared to conventional wave gliders. The proposed WPSUV significantly enhances collision avoidance through diving, reduced visual target and wind resistance with minimal structures above the waterline, and improved stability due to its lower centre of gravity. This slightly positively buoyant vehicle with a high lift-to-drag ratio can effectively harness wave kinetic energy and achieve favourable wave-following characteristics. In addition, the submerged main structure provides protection against surface hazards and allows for stealthy operation. This novel wave-propelled and near-surface unmanned underwater vehicle has the potential to revolutionise marine observation and exploration, and to enable safe, reliable, and long-term monitoring of the marine environment.
Thermodynamic Efficiency of an Advanced 4th Generation VHTR Propulsion Engine for Large Container Ships
Authors: Głuch Jerzy , Kodlewicz Tomasz , Drosińska-Komor Marta , Ziółkowska Natalia , Breńkacz Łukasz , Ziółkowski Paweł 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
In response to global initiatives to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, the maritime industry must adopt green propulsion solutions. This paper analyses the operational potential of very high-temperature reactors (VHTRs) as an innovative propulsion source for large container ships. Calculations are carried out for ships produced between 2018 and 2020 with a capacity of more than 20,000 TEU. For these ships, the average power of the main system is calculated at around 64.00 kW. The study focuses on a propulsion engine system with features such as extraction control, bypass control, and either one or two turbines. The direct thermodynamic cycle of the VHTR offers high efficiency, smaller sizes, and flexible power control, thus eliminating the need for helium storage and enabling rapid power changes. In addition, this article highlights the advantages of bypass control of the turbine, which avoids the need to shut down the propulsion engine in the harbour. The findings suggest that nuclear propulsion could play a crucial role in the future of maritime technology.
Experimental Study and Numerical Simulation of Radiated Noise from Unmanned Underwater Vehicle
Authors: Zhang Chunyu , Xu Qiang , Yang He , Peng Zilong , Li Jiangqiao , Zhou Jialiang 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This paper focuses on the research of the radiation noise of underwater unmanned vehicle (UUV), which is one of the most important indicators for evaluating the performance of underwater unmanned equipment. Integrating experimental study and numerical calculations, this paper investigates the underwater radiated noise characteristics and hydrodynamic properties of the propeller of UUV. Firstly, an open-water radiated noise experiment is conducted. To ensure the accuracy of acoustic test, the UUV are held stationary during the experiment. Then, the hydrodynamic performance of a propeller in a steady flow field is calculated using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). Finally, the noise in the unsteady flow field is calculated using the Ffowcs Williams-Hawkings (FW-H) equation. The results show that the propeller, as the main noise source when the UUV is working, exhibits distinct characteristic line spectra in the frequency response curve. By comparing the numerical and experimental results, it was found that the overall trend of the sound pressure level is similar. But the line spectrum characteristics of the numerical results between 100 and 400 Hz are more obvious, mainly because the simulation model is more idealized compared to the experimental tests. The study further examines the hydrodynamic characteristics, propeller noise, and directional characteristics of UUV under different operating conditions.
The Other Side of the Coin: Secondary Takotsubo Syndrome in Living Donor Liver Transplantation Reversul medaliei: sindrom Takotsubo secundar la donator înrudit pentru transplant hepatic
Authors: Ponor Cosmina Georgiana , Clapa Loredana Arabela , Miftode Radu Ștefan , Popescu Ștefan Eduard , Lupașcu Cristian Dumitru , Blaj Mihaela , Ciobotaru Larisa , Costache Enache Irina Iuliana , Sălăgean Mihaela , Șmira Gabriela , Brașoveanu Vlad 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Takotsubo syndrome is an acute reversible heart failure syndrome, and its secondary form occurs in patients already hospitalized for another medical, surgical, obstetric, or psychiatric condition. Takotsubo syndrome is also a complication that occurs in liver transplant recipients. There is little data regarding the management and long-term treatment of these patients; major recommendations are based on expert opinion.

Case Presentation
We present a case of a 46-year-old female patient, with no significant past medical history, admitted for hepatectomy, being a living hepatic transplant donor for her sister. In the early postoperative period, she developed worsening dyspnea, alongside ECG changes, abnormal cardiac biomarkers, and a significant decrease of the left ventricle systolic function, with a typical “apical ballooning” aspect of the left ventricle determined by the wall motion abnormalities that extend beyond the territory of a single coronary artery. All the clinical and imagistic aspects are highly suggestive of Takotsubo syndrome. She further developed a low cardiac output state and cardiogenic shock, with a recovery of her clinical state days later, being under supportive care, with a later improvement of her symptoms and of the left ventricle systolic function on repeated transthoracic echocardiography.

Conclusions
Takotsubo syndrome may be a complication occurring in liver transplant recipients, with a rising number of cases published. Secondary Takotsubo syndrome occurring in a living liver donor is in itself a peculiarity due to the fact that such cases are not currently reported in literature. We report this case to raise awareness regarding this possible outcome in living donors for solid organ transplantation.