bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dietary Habits and Perceived Barriers of Healthy Eating among Healthcare Workers in a Tertiary Hospital in Egypt: A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Abouelezz Nahla Fawzy , Ahmed Waleed Salah Eldin , Elhussieny Doaa Mahmoud , Ahmed Gulsen Saleh , Zaky Mona Sayed Mohamed Elsayed 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Healthcare professionals often possess a strong awareness of the significance of good dietary habits due to their knowledge of nutrition and health. However, their demanding schedules, high-stress environments, and irregular working hours can pose significant barriers to maintaining healthy eating habits.

Patients and Methods
The current cross-sectional study was conducted to measure the prevalence among a sample of 373 Health Care Workers (HCWs)at Children’s Cancer Hospital Egypt. Data was collected using structured an interview questionnaire that includes socio-demographic characteristics, Job characteristics, history of chronic diseases, assessment of the dietary habits of the participants using the validated Rapid Eating Assessment for Participants - Shortened Version (REAPS), and barriers of healthy eating.

Results
Approximately half of the participants failed to adhere to the dietary recommendations for whole grains, vegetables, fruits, and dairy products. More than half of them usually and sometimes consume fried foods and added sugars during the week. The total mean score of dietary habits of the studied group was 26.55 with sd. 3.71 and range (15 - 37), suggestive of a lower diet quality than the average general population in the US. The average REAP-S score for a U.S. omnivorous diet is 32 with higher scores indicating healthier diet. The existing study results demonstrated that there is high significant correlation between studied group total score of dietary habits and their age. There is also significant difference between studied group total score of dietary habits and their working hours as the total score decreases within group who work more than 8 hours. On the other hand, there is no statistically significant difference between studied group total score of dietary habits and the rest of other demographic data. The current study results showed that according to HCWs; two fifth of the participants reported busy lifestyle (48.9%) and irregular work hours (39.8%), around one quarter of them reported willpower (27.4%) and healthy options are not as readily available as unhealthy (21.5%) and only (17.9%) of them reported price of healthy foods as barriers of healthy eating.

Conclusion
according to the results of the present study, there is a need for initiatives to promote healthier eating habits among healthcare personnel. The current work processes and policies should be reviewed in order to organize workload in ways that allow for enough break times for HCWs, introduce mandatory regular checkups for HCWs in each practice setting to monitor their health and adopt hospital-wide electronic applications that help HCWs to plan for and monitor their diet plans.
Correlation between MDCT and Postoperative Histopathology in the Staging of Laryngeal Carcinoma
Authors: Ellithy Abdelrahman Aly Yahia , Shebrya Naglaa Hussein , Elsersy Hesham Abdelaty Abdelkader , El-Mahdy Manal Mohamed , Hamed Wafaa Raafat Abdel 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
The advantages and disadvantages of CT and MRI in the pre-operative assessment of laryngeal carcinoma still need to be further studied. Multidetector CT is the first line imaging investigation for staging laryngeal carcinoma. Evaluation of laryngeal SCC requires a contrast CT study of the neck. Excellent images of the neck are obtained using a multidectector CT (MDCT) following the injection of an iodinated contrast agent.

Aim of the Work
To assess the accuracy of preoperative CT staging of laryngeal tumours, and to measure its specificity for cartilage invasion, by comparing imaging with histologic cross-sections of surgical specimens and to clarify impact of these diagnostic modalities on pretherapeutic staging of laryngeal carcinoma.

Patients and Methods
Our study is a prospective study consisting of 30 patients with laryngeal carcinoma all underwent surgical treatment at Otorhinolaryngology department of Faculty of medicine, Ain Shams University.

Results
In our study CT showed highest accuracy in preepiglottic space, paraglottic space and Aryepiglottic fold lesions (96.7%), and was least accurate in cartilage invasion (73.4%). In our study the T stage was correctly determined by CT scan in 26 out of 30 cases. The consistency between perceived T stage by CT and histopathological analysis was highest for T3 (63.3%).

Conclusion
Contrast enhanced CT scan of the neck remains a precise and non-invasive imaging method for the staging of laryngeal carcinoma with high accuracy.
The Correlation between Doppler Assessment of Cerebral Blood Flow Changes and Common Neonatal Intracranial Lesions
Authors: Maarouf Rania Ali , El Rahman Ibrahim Marwa Elsayed Abd , Samier Elsayed Elhamaki Ahmed Mohamed 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Transcranial ultrasonography, in experienced hands, is an outstanding tool to detect brain abnormalities in preterm and full-term infants, and to follow the progression of these lesions. Doppler sonography is an excellent modality for assessment of the cerebral vasculature in the newborn and provides valuable information about cerebral vascular anatomy.

Aim and Objectives
to discuss the value added by transcranial Doppler assessment of blood flow in major intracranial cerebral arteries to brain status evaluation in neonatal intracranial hemorrhagic and ischemic conditions by employing Doppler techniques.

Subjects and Methods
This was a prospective cohort study that was carried out at tertiary care centers.45 neonates admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit were enrolled based on having the clinical diagnosis of perinatal asphyxia and having ischemic and hemorrhagic cerebral changes on grey scale sonographic evaluation. Doppler interrogation of both anterior cerebral artery (ACA) and middle cerebral artery (MCA) was performed bilaterally. Follow up evaluation was performed upon discharge. It was conducted from October 2022 to April 2023.

Results
There was a statistically significant difference between the studied groups as regard (APGAR Score at 1 min and 5 min), (peak systolic velocity (PSV) (cm/s) of ACA and resistive index (RI)), (peak systolic velocity (PSV) (cm/s) of MCA and resistive index (RI)), Correlation between Severity of hemorrhagic and ischemic cerebral changes with other studied Parameters except in gestational age and body weight.

Conclusion
Ultrasonographic features and cerebral blood flow parameters are useful for the early diagnosis of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy and help predict outcome. In the presence of more extensive hypoxic-ischemic brain injury and statistically significantly lower peak systolic velocity and higher resistive index in the anterior and medial cerebral arteries, the outcomes were poorer.
The Role of Ultrasound in Assessment of Disease Activity in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients
Authors: Kotb Soltan Ahmed Mohamed , Gaafary Sahar Mohamed El , Ahmed Aya Yassin , Abdulhafiz Essam Mohammed , Ahmed Elessawy Hagar Ahmed 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Aim
This study aim to evaluate the role of Ultrasound in assessment of disease activity in Inflammatory Bowel Disease patients (IBD).

Patients and Methods
The was performed at Radiology Department and involved a diagnosed cases of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases referred from the Gastroenterology Unit, Ain Shams University Hospitals. A total Thirty six patients inflammatory bowel disease patients (Ulcerative colitis and Chron's disease) were subjected to Intestinal Ultrasound assessment (IUS), Fecal Calprotectin (CP) analysis and calculation of the Clinical Activity Indices. Twenty five patients were subjected to Endoscopic Activity Assessment. Intestinal Ultrasound (IUS) parameters including intestinal wall thickness (BWT) and intestinal bowel wall vascularity, were compared with Endoscopic Activity, Fecal Calprotectin levels (CP) and Clinical Activity Indices.

Results
Among the thirty-six patients, there were fourteen diagnosed Chron`s cases (38.9%) and twenty-two Ulcerative Colitis cases (61.1%). Roc curve analysis revealed the ability of the ultrasound bowel wall thickness (BWT) to differentiate between mild and moderate disease activity in IBD patients with sensitivity of 90.91% and specificity of 100.0%, with area under curve (AUC) of 0.909 using the endoscopic activity as a gold standard. A statistically significant difference was found between the (BWT) measurements and Simple Endoscopic score (SES-CD) (P = 0.002) as well as between the (BWT) measurements and Endoscopic Mayo score (P = 0.001). A statistically significant correlation was found between the fecal CP levels and Intestinal bowel wall thickness among Ulcerative colitis and Chron's patients with (r = 0.708, P &lt; 0.001) and (r = 0.736, P &lt; 0.01) respectively. There was also statistically significant difference between the Clinical Activity Indices (Harvey-Bradshaw Index and Partial Mayo Score) and the (BWT) among both the Chron's and Ulcerative colitis patients with P-value (0.004) and (0.001) respectively. A statistically significant difference was found between Doppler (Limberg Score) and SES-CD endoscopic activity score (p = 0.009) as well as between Doppler (Limberg Score) and Endoscopic activity Mayo score (p = 0.005).

Conclusion
The results of the study suggest that the Bowel Wall Thickness (BWT) and Color Doppler Signal could serve as non-invasive parameters of detecting IBD activity. Intestinal US could be one of the promising methods for the detection of the disease activity as well as monitoring of IBD patients.
Role of High Frequency Ultrasound in Assessment of Acute and Chronic Muscle Injuries in Comparison to MRI
Authors: Fahmy Marwa Ibrahim , Louka Amir Louis , Basuony Ahmed Mohamed , Dessouky Mohamed Abozeid Farid Ibrahim El 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
The most common mechanism of injury of muscles is related to muscle strain (indirect muscle injury), mainly in the lower limbs. Muscles are at risk for disruption during eccentric contraction, as the force of active contraction is added to the passive stretching force applied to the myotendinous junction (MTJ). Although clinical examinations remain very important, it has been shown that radiological findings can aid clinicians in the initial assessment.

Objective
To evaluate the accuracy and specificity of high frequency ultrasound in identification and characterization of acute and chronic muscle injuries in comparison with MRI.

Methods
This ultrasonography & cross sectional study was done in private radiological centers with a period of 24 months on a random sample of 30 patients. Our study included 30 patients complaining of traumatic acute and chronic muscle injuries, 26 males (86.7%) and 4 females (13.3%), ranging in age from 18 to 55 years with a mean age of 37.5 years.

Results
The accuracy, sensitivity & specificity of ultrasound in detecting all muscle injuries in comparison to MRI: 86.7%, 87.5% & 83.3% respectively. The accuracy, sensitivity & specificity of ultrasound in detecting acute muscle injuries in comparison to MRI: 66.7%, 66.7 % & 66.7% respectively. The accuracy, sensitivity & specificity of ultrasound in detecting chronic muscle injuries in comparison to MRI: 95.2%, 94.4% & 100% respectively.

Conclusion
Ultrasound is highly operator dependent, useful for diagnosis of chronic muscle injury in comparison to the MRI, yet with pitfalls in acute muscle injuries, yet the ultrasound classification criteria for muscle injury can be used to predict the severity of injury and guide decision on the type of treatment and MRI is still considered the main diagnostic tool for muscle injuries and classification.
Role of DWI in Assessment of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Pathology
Authors: Sharkas Hossam Gamal , Ekladious Mena Elerian Youssef , Habib Lobna Abdelmoneim , Sakr Hossam Moussa 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is an important structure in maintaining the normal stability of the knee, yet with anterior cruciate ligament being the most commonly injured ligament, differentiation between complete and incomplete tears is crucial to provide non-operative management in incomplete tears patients. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the knee joint is routinely performed for the diagnosis of tear of cruciate ligaments. However, in some cases, is tough because the ligament fibers maybe obscured by edema. Ligament fibers have been shown to be better visualized on diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) mapping and therefore, ADC mapping may be able to verify if the ligament is continuous or not for accurate diagnosis of incomplete tears.

Objective
To determine the role of diffusion-weighted (DW) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in diagnosing and differentiating between complete and partial anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears and to compare it with conventional MRI sequences.

Methods
This is a prospective study approved by Ain Shams university ethics committee was conducted on 20 patients with clinically suspected ACL pathology from September 2021 to September 2023. Patients were collected by consecutive sampling. All patients underwent MRI with both conventional and DWI/ ADC mapping sequences and the findings on both sequences were assessed independently by two high experienced radiologists in musculoskeletal imaging and the findings were compared with clinical diagnoses, follow up and arthroscopic results when available.

Results
For partial tears, 10 cases (50%) were identified using arthroscopy/follow-up, while observer 1 identified 12 cases (60%) and observer 2 identified 9 cases (45%) using DWI/ADC. For complete tears, 10 cases (50%) were identified using arthroscopy/follow-up, while observer 1 identified 8 cases (40%) and observer 2 identified 11 cases (55%) using DWI/ADC.

Conclusions
DWI and ADC are useful tools for diagnosing tears, particularly complete tears, but that caution should be exercised when using these techniques to diagnose partial tears.
Effect of Vitamin K2 on Progression of Coronary Artery Calcification by Multislice CT Examination
Authors: Ameen Israa Mohamed El , Ibrahim Ahmed Samir , Madkour Sherihan Said , Hatata Ahmed Ibrahim 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is associated with high mortality around the world. Dyslipidemia, hypertension, diabetes and smoking are common risk factors for CAD. Coronary artery calcification (CAC) and especially progression in CAC is a strong predictor of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and cardiovascular mortality. Vitamin K2 is thought to inhibit vascular calcification through many different mechanisms.

Aim of the Work
To study the effect of Vitamin K2 on coronary artery calcification using the Agatston calcium score.

Patients and Methods
This study was conducted on 30 patients with pre-existing CAD who were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to either oral Vitamin K2 supplementation or no treatment for 6 months. Non contrast cardiac MDCT examination was done at baseline and after 6 months to detect the change in CAC score.

Results
46.6 % of the cases who took the vitamin K2 (MENA Q) drug had their post 6 months follow up calcium score decreased and 53.3 % of them had their post 6 months follow up the same as the baseline, while 80 % of the patients in the control group showed an increase in their coronary artery calcium score and only 20 % of them showed no change in their coronary calcium score remaining the same as the baseline done at the start of the study.

Conclusion
Our study confirms that by using the CAC Agatston score, Vitamin K2 can have a role in decreasing the progression of coronary artery calcification.
MRI Evaluation of Sacroiliac Joint Affection in Post-COVID Patients
Authors: Abdallah Khaled Ali Abdelfattah , Abdel Rahman Korashi Hazem Ibrahim , Abd Almaged Mohamed Shaimaa Khalil 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
SARS-CoV-2 has been a worldwide pandemic, which caused a great health burden to many countries and societies, both for the acute presentation, and the sequalae. The fact that the virus targets specific receptors that are shared between lung tissue and other body tissues led to the phenomenon of post-COVID manifestations outside the lungs, including but not exclusive to the joints, causing the emergence of a new entity of diseases, known as post-COVID arthritis.

Aim of the Work
to evaluate the sacroiliac inflammatory involvement in patients who have suffered from COVID-19 using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

Patients and Methods
All eligible Post COVID patients referred from orthopaedics or rheumatology clinics to MRI unit for MRI of the sacroiliac joint in the previous year and the proceeding six months -set date: February 2023- and who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria (at least 30 patients) were included in the study in order to evaluate the sacroiliac inflammatory involvement in post-COVID patients.

Results
the first cross-sectional study with MRI in post-COVID19 sacroiliitis. our patients complained of typical inflammatory lower back pain after the resolution of infectious symptoms, with clinical features of acute sacroiliitis (insidious onset, night pain, morning stiffness, improvement with exercise and NSAIDs, radiation to buttocks), as described after different infections or in the context of reactive arthritis or seronegative spondyloarthritis. that most of the patients were in the third and fourth decades, with more females (63.3%) than males (36.7%). Among those patients, 83.3% showed bilateral affection of the sacroiliac joints, while those presenting with unilateral sacroiliitis represented 16.7% with more cases having right sided affection compared to those with left sided affection. Most of the patients were on Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and almost all patients had complete recovery of symptoms. In few cases treatment required the intake of steroids. Only three cases required intra-articular steroid injection.

Conclusion
magnetic resonance imaging of the sacroiliac joints in post-COVID patients who suffered from low back pain few days to weeks after the infection with the virus, showed the joint affection to be in the form of bilateral sacroiliitis in most cases, with few cases presenting with unilateral affection mainly on the right side. We also found that the majority of these patients responded well and fully recovered from the symptoms on NSAIDs.
Diagnostic Performance of Artificial Intelligence for Cancers Detected in Screening Mammography
Authors: Yosry Mohamed Gamal ELdin Lina Abdallah , Ibrahim Marwa ELsayed Elmor Abdelrahman 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Breast cancer is the most common cancer type and the second cause of cancer- based mortality in women according to the 2020 global cancer statistics. Screening for breast cancer with mammography has shown a reduction in breast cancer mortality by many randomized trials and incidence-based mortality studies.

Aim of the Work
to emphasize the role of AI system in detection of breast cancer in digital mammogram. We hypothesise that the AI has accuracy that is comparable to human readers in breast cancer detection on Mammogram, and that integrating the AI into a standard screen- reading strategy increase the accuracy of cancer detection.

Patients and Methods
This is a prospective study (Diagnostic Accuracy Testing) conducted at the radiology department, Ain Shams University Hospitals. The main source of data for this study were the patients referred to the radiology department at Ain Shams university hospitals for screening mammography from March 2023 to August 2023.

Results
In our study 62.5% of the pathological lesions were on the right side, while 37.5% were on at the left side. - Regarding the agreement between radiologists and AI in the nature of the detected mass (Bengin / Malignant), the agreement between radiologist 1 Vs. radiologist 2 was 92.5%, while it was 86.5% between radiologist 1 Vs. AI. The agreement between radiologists 2 Vs. AI, it was 89.2%, So the best agreement was between radiologist 1 and radiologist 2,While the concordance between the analysis of the mammography and the pathological results was the highest by Radiologist 2 by accuracy 85% and sensitivity 100% followed by radiologist 1 as accuracy was 77.5% with 93.9% sensitivity, while the worst interpretation was by AI accuracy was 72.97% with 90% sensitivity, so the concordance between radiologists’ analysis and pathological results was stronger than that between AI and pathology.

Conclusion
We found that the unaided radiologist are having overall better performance than AI however, less experienced breast radiologists had a higher diagnostic performance with support from an AI system compared with reading unaided.
Ultrasound Guided Percutaneous Renal Biopsy Using 18-Gauge versus 16-Gauge Needles in Native Kidneys with Diffuse Renal Disease: Comparison Regarding Sample Adequacy and Complication Rates
Authors: Niazi Gamal Eldine Mohamed , El-Hemeily Mohammad Hicham Hassan , Mohamed Mariam Hossameldin Sayed 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Regardless of the advancements made in non-invasive diagnostic tools, Percutaneous Renal Biopsy (PRB) remains the corner stone for reaching a reliable diagnosis for most renal parenchymal diseases. Needle gauge is a key variable in determining the adequacy and therefore success of renal biopsy as it influences the number of glomeruli obtained in the sample. To date, there is still much debate over the appropriate needle size to use when trying to balance between meeting diagnostic requirements; whilst decreasing the incidence of complications. At present, 16G needles or 18G needles are used for percutaneous renal biopsy at our institute on basis of personal preference and experience, but there is still controversy about the effect and safety of 18G and 16G biopsy needles in terms of the two different diameters, with no irrefutable evidence to dictate the superiority of one needle gauge over the other within the present literature. This study was the first in the Middle East to address the effect of using different gauge needles on sample adequacy and complication rates in real-time US guided PRB.

Objective
To compare sample adequacy and complication rates between US guided PRB acquired using 16- Gauge versus 18- Gauge needles.

Patients and Methods
This study was a prospective study conducted at the Interventional Radiology (IR) Unit at Ain Shams University Tertiary Hospitals from December 2022 till April 2023, on a series of 60 patients who visited our radiology suite to undergo renal biopsy, with a total of 62 renal biopsies. The patients were randomly allocated into two separate groups based on the biopsy needle gauge that was used to retrieve their renal biopsy sample.

Results
This study showed that a 16G biopsy needle has no obvious advantage over an 18G needle in terms of the number of glomeruli and the adequate sample rate. Although the frequency of overall complications as well as major complications was higher in 16 G in comparison to 18 G group this difference was statistically non-significant yet held clinical implication.

Conclusion
The 18G needle appears to be as effective as the 16G for percutaneous renal biopsy regarding sample adequacy, with clinically significant lower rate of major complications.