bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Fragmentary Ninth/Tenth Century Andalusi Arabic Translation of the Epistle to the Galatians Revisited (Vat. lat. 12900, olim Seguntinus 150 BC Sigüenza)
Authors: Monferrer-Sala Juan Pedro 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
This article offers a new edition of the surviving fragment of the Epistle to the Galatians, currently in the Vatican Library (Vat. Lat. 12900), with the aim of correcting the mistakes of the former edition. We also offer a complete translation and analysis of the Arabic fragment to identify the techniques and strategies used by the translator. The text preserved in Vat. lat. 12900 was revised later. From this review process two witnesses have survived, MS BNM 4971 and MS Marciana Gr. Z. 11 (379), which we have used for a comparative analysis of the three texts to show the changes made in the two processes of revision exhibited by BNM 4971 and MS Marciana Gr. Z. 11 (379). As a result of this comparative analysis we propose a hypothesis according to which the fragment could be dated as early as in the ninth century, and more specifically at the end of the century from both the comparative analaysis and the information provided by the Visigothic writing of the Latin column.
Poppies and Peacocks, Jasmine and Jackfruit: Garden Images and Horticultural Knowledge in the Literatures of Mughal India, 1600–1800
Authors: Roth Nicolas 
Published: February 2019

AbstractPersian, Braj Bhāṣā, and Urdu literatures in seventeenth- and eighteenth-century Mughal India evolved a common repertoire for the depiction of gardens. Drawing on earlier Persian and Sanskrit models but reflecting material developments of the time, including the influx of new American plants, this mode of writing gardens appeared primarily in a particular type of garden set piece in narrative or descriptive works, but also in references across genres. Apart from allowing for elaborate literary conceits, these conventions served to display knowledge and convey specific notions of material luxury and sensory pleasure.
Memes and the Future of Pop Culture
Authors: Danesi Marcel 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Pop culture, as a distinct form of culture with its own historical, artistic and textual categories, crystallized in the first decades of the twentieth century as a reaction to the restrictive social traditions of colonial America. It spread quickly and broadly throughout the bustling urban centers of the 1920s—an era when it formed a partnership with technology and the business world. This coalition gave pop culture its identity, allowing it to thrive and form alliances with artistic and literary movements. But pop culture may have run its course with the rise of meme culture—a culture that has evolved on the Internet. This essay revisits the social, psychic, and aesthetic roots of pop culture, suggesting that meme culture has fragmented its historical flow, thus threatening to bring about its demise.
Xiphonectes aculeatus sp. nov., a new swimming crab (Crustacea: Decapoda: Portunidae) from Madagascar
Authors: KOCH MILAN , ĎURIŠ ZDENĚK 
Published: February 2019

Here we describe a new species of Xiphonectes A. Milne-Edwards, 1873 (Brachyura: Portunidae) from southern Madagascar. Xiphonectes aculeatus sp. nov. is morphologically most similar to X. latibrachium (Rathbun, 1906) from Hawaii, and X. paralatibrachium Crosnier, 2002, from the Marquesas Islands, French Polynesia. All three species have a carapace with six anterolateral teeth, a long spine on the inner dorsal margin of the cheliped carpus, and a produced, flattened, anterior region on the third maxilliped merus. Among these species, Xiphonectes aculeatus sp. nov. is easily distinguished by the acutely produced posterodistal angle on the meri of its swimming legs, dorsal and marginal structures on its carapace, and most notably, the shape of its frontal teeth.
Frailty identified by geriatric assessment is associated with poor functioning, high symptom burden and increased risk of physical decline in older cancer patients: Prospective observational study
Authors: Kirkhus Lene , Šaltytė Benth Jūratė , Grønberg Bjørn Henning , Hjermstad Marianne Jensen , Rostoft Siri , Harneshaug Magnus , Selbæk Geir , Wyller Torgeir Bruun , Jordhøy Marit Slaaen 
Published: February 2019

Background: Maintaining quality of life including physical functioning is highly prioritized among older cancer patients. Geriatric assessment is a recommended approach to identify patients with increased vulnerability to stressors (frailty). How frailty affects quality of life and physical functioning in older cancer patients has scarcely been investigated. Aim: Focusing on physical functioning and global quality of life, we investigated whether frailty identified by a geriatric assessment was associated with higher risk of quality-of-life deterioration during cancer treatment and follow-up. Design: Prospective, observational study. Patients were classified as frail or non-frail by a modified geriatric assessment. Quality of life was measured using the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Core Quality-of-Life Questionnaire at inclusion, 2, 4, 6 and 12 months. Setting: Eight Norwegian outpatient cancer clinics. Participants: Patients ⩾70 years with solid tumours referred for palliative or curative systemic medical cancer treatment. Results: Among 288 patients included, 140 (49%) were frail and 148 (51%) non-frail. Frail patients consistently reported poorer scores on all functioning and symptom scales. Independent of age, gender and major cancer-related factors, frail patients had significantly poorer physical functioning and global quality of life during follow-up, and opposed to non-frail patients they had both a clinically and statistically significant decline in physical functioning from baseline until 12 months. Conclusions: Geriatric assessment identifies frail patients with increased risk of physical decline, poor functioning and high symptom burden during and following cancer treatment. Frail patients should therefore receive early supportive or palliative care.
A Pilot Randomized Sham-Controlled Trial of MC5-A Scrambler Therapy in the Treatment of Chronic Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy (CIPN)
Authors: Smith Thomas J. , Razzak A. Rab , Blackford Amanda L. , Ensminger Jennifer , Saiki Catherine , Longo-Schoberlein Denise , Loprinzi Charles L. 
Published: February 2019

Background: Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) affects 30% to 40% of patients with cancer with long-lasting disability. Scrambler therapy (ST) appeared to benefit patients in uncontrolled trials, so we performed a randomized sham-controlled Phase II trial of ST. Methods: The primary end point was “average pain” after 28 days on the Numeric Rating Scale. Each received ten 30-minute sessions of ST on the dermatomes above the painful areas, or sham treatment on the back, typically at L3-5 where the nerve roots would enter the spinal cord. Outcomes included the Brief Pain Inventory (BPI)-CIPN and the EORTC CIPN-20 scale. Patients were evaluated before treatment (day 0), day 10, and days 28, 60, and 90. Results: Data regarding pain as a primary outcome were collected for 33 of the 35 patients. There were no significant differences between the sham and the “real” ST group at day 10, 28, 60, or 90, for average pain, the BPI, or EORTC CIPN-20. Individual responses were noted during the ST treatment on the real arm, but most dissipated by day 30. There was improvement in the sensory subscale of the CIPN-20 at 2 months in the “real” group ( P = .14). All “real” patients wanted to continue treatment if available. Discussion: We observed no difference between sham and real ST CIPN treatment. Potential reasons include at least the following: ST does not work; the sham treatment had some effect; small sample size with heterogeneous patients; misplaced electrodes on an area of nonpainful but damaged nerves; or a combination of these factors.
The efficacy of the secondary Extension Technique in the management of arterio-venous fistula-associated steal syndrome
Authors: Hansrani Vivak , Muhammad Kamel , Charlswood Natasha , Al-Khaffaf Haytham 
Published: February 2019

Background: Dialysis-associated steal syndrome remains a difficult clinical scenario for vascular access surgeons. The ideal treatment would improve blood flow to the hand without compromising the fistula; however, most treatment options rarely allow for both. The study describes an innovative technique used in clinical practice over a 17-year period for the treatment of dialysis-associated steal syndrome. The procedure and long-term results are discussed. Methods: 27 patients with dialysis-associated steal syndrome were recruited over 17 years at two large UK University Teaching Hospitals and treated with the extension technique. All patients included were assessed for resolution of their symptoms, patency of the fistula and adequacy of needling. Results: 27 patients were admitted with dialysis-associated steal syndrome and underwent surgery using the extension technique. Complete symptom resolution was seen in 26 of the 27 patients (96%), with improvements in pain, sensori-motor disturbance and temperature. All 26 patients had a patent fistula at 6-months’ follow-up. At 12 months, 3 of 27 (11.1%) developed fistula thrombosis which could not be salvaged and 2 of 27 (7.4%) developed thrombosis successfully salvaged by fistulaplasty. Conclusion: Our study shows that the Extension Technique is an effective treatment method for dialysis-associated steal syndrome and results have demonstrated a high level of fistula patency and a low rate of complications. It has several advantages when compared with other established treatment methods and has the versatility to be used as a method for dialysis-associated steal syndrome prevention in high-risk groups as well as treatment.
The Effect of Smoking and Body Mass Index on The Complication Rate of Alloplastic Breast Reconstruction
Authors: Sadok N. , Krabbe-Timmerman I. S. , de Bock G. H. , Werker P. M. N. , Jansen L. 
Published: February 2019

Background and Aims: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of smoking and body mass index on the occurrence of complications after alloplastic breast reconstruction. Materials and Methods: A consecutive series of 56 patients treated with immediate or delayed alloplastic breast reconstruction, including six cases combined with latissimus dorsi flap, at three hospitals between 2012 and 2018 were included. Complications were scored and defined according to Clavien–Dindo. To evaluate the impact of smoking, body mass index, and other potential risk factors on the occurrence of any and severe complications, univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were applied to estimate odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals. Results: In 56 patients, 22 patients had a complication. As much as 46% of smokers had severe complications compared to 18% of non-smokers. Of patients with body mass index ⩾ 25, 40% had severe complications compared to 10% with body mass index < 25. Smokers had eight times more chance of developing severe complications than non-smokers (ORadjusted = 8.0, p = 0.02). Patients with body mass index ⩾ 25 had almost 10 times more severe complications compared to patients with body mass index ⩽ 25 (ORadjusted = 9.9, p = 0.009). No other risk factors were significant. Conclusion: Smoking and body mass index ⩾ 25 both increased the complication rate to such an extent that patients should be informed about their increased risk for complications following alloplastic breast reconstruction and on these grounds surgeons may delay alloplastic breast reconstruction. It is an ethical dilemma whether one should deny overweight and obese patients and those who smoke an immediate alloplastic breast reconstruction. For both life style interventions, adequate guidance should be made available.
Association of mononucleotide polymorphisms of angiotensinogen gene at promoter region with antihypertensive response to angiotensin receptor blockers in hypertensive Chinese
Authors: Gong Hong-Tao , Mu Li-Ying , Zhang Tong , Xu Xiu-Ying , Du Feng-He 
Published: February 2019

Introduction: This study aimed to investigate whether mononucleotide polymorphisms of the angiotensinogen gene at promoter were associated with the blood-pressure-lowering response to telmisartan treatment. Materials and methods: After a two-week single-blind placebo run-in period, 148 patients with mild-to-moderate primary hypertension received monotherapy with 80 mg/day of telmisartan and then were followed up for eight weeks. The -6A/G and -20A/C polymorphisms of the angiotensinogen gene at promoter were determined through polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphsim analysis. The relationship between these polymorphisms and changes in blood pressure was observed and evaluated after eight weeks of treatment. Results: There were no significant differences between -6A/G, -20A/C polymorphisms of the angiotensinogen gene and blood pressure reductions after treatment, p>0.05. Conclusion: It is suggested that angiotensinogen-6 A/G and angiotensinogen-20 A/C polymorphisms were not associated with the antihypertensive response to telmisartan treatment in Chinese patients with hypertension.
First-line contact aspiration vs stent-retriever thrombectomy in acute ischemic stroke patients with large-artery occlusion in the anterior circulation: Systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Boulanger Marion , Lapergue Bertrand , Turjman Francis , Touzé Emmanuel , Anxionnat René , Bracard Serge , Piotin Michel , Gory Benjamin 
Published: February 2019

Background In acute ischemic stroke patients with large-artery occlusion, uncertainties remain about whether clinically important outcomes are comparable between first-line contact aspiration and stent-retriever thrombectomy, although two trials have investigated whether one strategy should be preferred over another. Purpose The purpose of this article is to compare the efficacy and safety of first-line contact aspiration and stent-retriever thrombectomy in stroke patients with anterior circulation large-artery occlusion. Methods We undertook a systematic review of studies of patients treated for large-artery occlusion, with the latest devices of either strategy, within six hours of stroke onset. We determined rates of final complete reperfusion (defined as modified Thrombolysis In Cerebral Infarction score = 3), periprocedural complications and 90-day functional independence (defined as modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score 0–2), and excellent outcome (defined as mRS score 0–1) after contact aspiration and after stent-retriever thrombectomy using random-effects meta-analyses. Any differential effects in rates between the two strategies were assessed using random-effects meta-regressions. Results Fifteen studies (1817 patients) were included. There was no difference in rates of final complete reperfusion at the end of all endovascular procedures between contact aspiration and stent retrievers (51.1%, 95% confidence interval (CI) 39.3–62.9; vs 38.3%, 95% CI 28.6–48.0; pint = 0.14), 90-day functional independence (45.0%, 40.7–49.2; vs 52.4%, 47.7–57.1; pint = 0.45) and excellent outcome (32.1%, 25.7–38.5; vs 34.1%, 21.2–46.9; pint = 0.94). Rates of periprocedural complications did not differ between the two strategies. Conclusions Current data suggest no difference in efficacy and safety between first-line contact aspiration and stent-retriever thrombectomy in stroke patients with large-artery occlusion.
How does the GINA definition of control correlate with quality of life and sputum cellularity?
Authors: Pizzichini Marcia Margaret Menezes , Rocha Cristiane Cinara , de Souza Tavares Michelle Gonçalves , Steidle Leila John Marques , Maureci da Silva Rosemeri , dal Pizzol Felipe , Gibson Peter G. , Pizzichini Emilio 
Published: February 2019

Since 2014, the Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) has stated that asthma control should be measured using four questions concerning diurnal and nocturnal symptoms, activity limitation, and rescue medication use. We assessed how asthma control by this definition correlates with airway inflammation and quality of life.113 asthmatic subjects consecutively recruited from their routine clinical appointment underwent spirometry, sputum induction and answered the Standardised Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire (AQLQ(S)) during a single visit.43 (38.1%), 37 (32.7%) and 33 (29.2%) subjects had controlled asthma, partly controlled asthma and uncontrolled asthma, respectively. The majority of subjects with controlled asthma (67.4%) had paucigranulocytic sputum. Eosinophilic sputum was present in all levels of asthma control. Although most subjects with controlled asthma (58.1%) achieved an AQLQ(S) score ≥6 (minimal or no impairment), the remaining patients (41.9%) had moderate/some impairment (AQLQ(S) score <6 and ≥3) due to activity impairment and environmental exposure.The present GINA definition of current symptom control reflects control of airway inflammation. However, quality of life impairment can be present even in these patients. Measuring quality of life may provide useful information when evaluating asthma control.
Melatonin synergizes BRAF-targeting agent vemurafenib in melanoma treatment by inhibiting iNOS/hTERT signaling and cancer-stem cell traits
Authors: Hao Jiaojiao , Fan Wenhua , Li Yizhuo , Tang Ranran , Tian Chunfang , Yang Qian , Zhu Tianhua , Diao Chaoliang , Hu Sheng , Chen Manyu , Guo Ping , Long Qian , Zhang Changlin , Qin Ge , Yu Wendan , Chen Miao , Li Liren , Qin Lijun , Wang Jingshu , Zhang Xiuping , Ren Yandong , Zhou Penghui , Zou Lijuan , Jiang Kui , Guo Wei , Deng Wuguo 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Background
As the selective inhibitor of BRAF kinase, vemurafenib exhibits effective antitumor activities in patients with V600 BRAF mutant melanomas. However, acquired drug resistance invariably develops after its initial treatment.

Methods
Immunohistochemical staining was performed to detect the expression of iNOS and hTERT, p-p65, Epcam, CD44, PCNA in mice with melanoma xenografts. The proliferation and migration of melanoma cells were detected by MTT, tumorsphere culture, cell cycle, cell apoptosis, AO/EB assay and colony formation, transwell assay and scratch assay in vitro, and tumor growth differences were observed in xenograft nude mice. Changes in the expression of key molecules in the iNOS/hTERT signaling pathways were detected by western blot. Nucleus-cytoplasm separation, and immunofluorescence analyses were conducted to explore the location of p50/p65 in melanoma cell lines. Flow cytometry assay were performed to determine the expression of CD44. Pull down assay and ChIP assay were performed to detect the binding ability of p65 at iNOS and hTERT promoters. Additionally, hTERT promoter-driven luciferase plasmids were transfected in to melanoma cells with indicated treatment to determine luciferase activity of hTERT.

Results
Melatonin significantly and synergistically enhanced vemurafenib-mediated inhibitions of proliferation, colony formation, migration and invasion and promoted vemurafenib-induced apoptosis, cell cycle arresting and stemness weakening in melanoma cells. Further mechanism study revealed that melatonin enhanced the antitumor effect of vemurafenib by abrogating nucleus translocation of NF-κB p50/p65 and their binding at iNOS and hTERT promoters, thereby suppressing the expression of iNOS and hTERT. The elevated anti-tumor capacity of vemurafenib upon co-treatment with melatonin was also evaluated and confirmed in mice with melanoma xenografts.

Conclusions
Collectively, our results demonstrate melatonin synergizes the antitumor effect of vemurafenib in human melanoma by inhibiting cell proliferation and cancer-stem cell traits via targeting NF-κB/iNOS/hTERT signaling pathway, and suggest the potential of melatonin in antagonizing the toxicity of vemurafenib and augmenting its sensitivities in melanoma treatment.
USP22 controls multiple signaling pathways that are essential for vasculature formation in the mouse placenta
Authors: Koutelou Evangelia , Wang Li , Schibler Andria C. , Chao Hsueh-Ping , Kuang Xianghong , Lin Kevin , Lu Yue , Shen Jianjun , Jeter Collene R. , Salinger Andrew , Wilson Marenda , Chen Yi Chun , Atanassov Boyko S. , Tang Dean G. , Dent Sharon Y. R. 
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACT
USP22, a component of the SAGA complex, is overexpressed in highly aggressive cancers, but the normal functions of this deubiquitinase are not well defined. We determined that loss of USP22 in mice results in embryonic lethality due to defects in extra-embryonic placental tissues and failure to establish proper vascular interactions with the maternal circulatory system. These phenotypes arise from abnormal gene expression patterns that reflect defective kinase signaling, including TGFβ and several receptor tyrosine kinase pathways. USP22 deletion in endothelial cells and pericytes that are induced from embryonic stem cells also hinders these signaling cascades, with detrimental effects on cell survival and differentiation as well as on the ability to form vessels. Our findings provide new insights into the functions of USP22 during development that may offer clues to its role in disease states.
Wnt signaling in orofacial clefts: crosstalk, pathogenesis and models
Authors: Reynolds Kurt , Kumari Priyanka , Sepulveda Rincon Lessly , Gu Ran , Ji Yu , Kumar Santosh , Zhou Chengji J. 
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACTDiverse signaling cues and attendant proteins work together during organogenesis, including craniofacial development. Lip and palate formation starts as early as the fourth week of gestation in humans or embryonic day 9.5 in mice. Disruptions in these early events may cause serious consequences, such as orofacial clefts, mainly cleft lip and/or cleft palate. Morphogenetic Wnt signaling, along with other signaling pathways and transcription regulation mechanisms, plays crucial roles during embryonic development, yet the signaling mechanisms and interactions in lip and palate formation and fusion remain poorly understood. Various Wnt signaling and related genes have been associated with orofacial clefts. This Review discusses the role of Wnt signaling and its crosstalk with cell adhesion molecules, transcription factors, epigenetic regulators and other morphogenetic signaling pathways, including the Bmp, Fgf, Tgfβ, Shh and retinoic acid pathways, in orofacial clefts in humans and animal models, which may provide a better understanding of these disorders and could be applied towards prevention and treatments.
More from less – bottom-up reconstitution of cell biology
Authors: Ganzinger Kristina A. , Schwille Petra 
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACT
The ultimate goal of bottom-up synthetic biology is recreating life in its simplest form. However, in its quest to find the minimal functional units of life, this field contributes more than its main aim by also offering a range of tools for asking, and experimentally approaching, biological questions. This Review focusses on how bottom-up reconstitution has furthered our understanding of cell biology. Studying cell biological processes in vitro has a long tradition, but only recent technological advances have enabled researchers to reconstitute increasingly complex biomolecular systems by controlling their multi-component composition and their spatiotemporal arrangements. We illustrate this progress using the example of cytoskeletal processes. Our understanding of these has been greatly enhanced by reconstitution experiments, from the first in vitro experiments 70 years ago to recent work on minimal cytoskeleton systems (including this Special Issue of Journal of Cell Science). Importantly, reconstitution approaches are not limited to the cytoskeleton field. Thus, we also discuss progress in other areas, such as the shaping of biomembranes and cellular signalling, and prompt the reader to add their subfield of cell biology to this list in the future.