bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sexual orientation discrimination and eating disorder symptoms in early adolescence: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Nagata Jason M. , Diep Thang , Helmer Christiane K. , Domingue Sydnie K. , Al-Shoaibi Abubakr A. , Raney Julia H. , Ganson Kyle T. , Testa Alexander , He Jinbo , Brindis Claire D. , Baker Fiona C. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
Sexual orientation discrimination increases the risks of negative health outcomes for sexual minorities. Previous studies have found increased rates of eating disorder symptoms in sexual minority individuals, which is attributable to minority stress and discrimination that they experience. Emerging research suggests relationships between sexual orientation discrimination and eating disorder symptoms. However, there is a lack of studies focusing on early adolescents. The objective of this study was to determine prospective associations between discrimination based on sexual orientation and eating disorder symptoms in a national sample of 10–13-year-old early adolescents in the U.S.

Methods
We examined prospective data from Year 2 (2018–2020) and Year 3 (2019–2021) of the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study (N = 8976). Multiple logistic regression analyses were used to estimate associations between self-reported experiences of sexual orientation discrimination in Year 2 and eating disorder symptoms in Year 3, adjusting for potential confounders, including eating disorder symptoms in Year 2. Sexual orientation discrimination was assessed based on the Perceived Discrimination Scale, which measures adolescents’ perception of being treated unfairly based on various sociodemographic characteristics. Eating disorder symptoms were based on the parent-reported Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia (KSADS-5).

Results
In this demographically diverse sample of early adolescents (N = 8976, age range 10–13 years at Year 2), 5.5% of adolescents reported sexual orientation discrimination in Year 2. The prevalence of parent-reported eating disorder symptoms in Year 3 varied from 1.0 to 8.3%. In the adjusted models, sexual orientation discrimination was prospectively associated with worry about weight gain (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 2.33, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.15–4.69) and self-worth tied to weight (aOR 1.60, 95% CI 1.01–2.53) one year later.

Conclusions
Early adolescents who have experienced sexual orientation discrimination have higher odds of experiencing eating disorder symptoms, particularly worrying about weight gain and tying self-worth to weight. Clinicians may consider screening for sexual orientation discrimination and providing affirmative, trauma-informed care when evaluating and treating even younger sexual minority adolescents for eating disorder symptoms.
Choosing new careers: patterns of occupational change within vocational education and training and fulfillment of career aspirations in Germany
Authors: Wicht Alexandra , Beckmann Janina , Siembab Matthias , Herrmann Lisa 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis study investigates occupational changes in the German vocational education and training system among “stopouts,” i.e., individuals who terminate their training prematurely and switch to another occupation. We examine whether occupational changes are related to the fulfillment of career aspirations and changes in key occupational characteristics such as gender typing, social status, and task profiles. Utilizing longitudinal data from the German National Educational Panel Study and employing latent class analyses, we scrutinize patterns of change in occupational characteristics across different social categories. Results indicate that the majority of stopouts switch to occupations more aligned with their career aspirations, reflecting individual agency in career development. We identify two types of latent classes of occupational change: one in which characteristics remain more or less consistent with the previous position, reflecting practices of fine-tuning, and another showing notable task profile differences compared to the previous position. The latter primarily concerns medium-educated individuals who face a wider array of career opportunities compared to their lower-educated counterparts. Our findings emphasize the dynamic nature of career decision-making and stress the need for support for individuals undergoing career transitions. Career counselors and practitioners can use these insights to encourage alignment with individual occupational aspirations, address career compromises, and promote exploration based on interests, particularly among individuals with a medium-level education and diverse career options.
Spatio-temporal pattern and entropy variation of agricultural heritage in China
Authors: Ge Beichen , Song Yuhong , Wang Jing , Wang Yi , Yuan Xi 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
As one of the pioneering nations to heed the Food and Agriculture Organization (FOA) initiative, China has implemented a comprehensive evaluation and protection framework for China’s Nationally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (CNIAHS). This research concentrated on 188 CNIAHS sites, utilizing methodologies including spatial information entropy, kernel density estimation and hotspot analysis to scrutinize the spatial configurations and evolutionary trajectories of CNIAHS throughout six historical epochs; combined with the history of agriculture in different periods, the laws of the formation of CNIAHS spatial distribution are discovered, and a foundation for the construction of CNIAHS protection system under the background of national spatial planning are provided. The results disclose: (1) CNIAHS manifests a clustered spatial distribution, predominantly situated in the southeastern sector of China’s Yangtze River Basin, with Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Fujian, and Jiangxi provinces emerging as significant hotspot areas; (2) concerning spatial pattern evolution, heritage sites experienced a phased transitional process, migrating from western frontier areas to the central Yellow River Basin, subsequently concentrating in the southeastern Yangtze River Basin, and then redistributing back to frontier regions. This progression has cumulatively formed a spatial pattern mainly concentrated in southeastern China; (3) pertaining to typological patterns, high-value crop and spice systems exhibit a clustered spatial distribution, whereas other types display uniform or dispersed configurations; and (4) the complexity of spatial patterns in various regions increased over different periods, with the number of heritage sites demonstrating cumulative characteristics. The spatial patterns indicated weakly correlated transitional shifts, signifying a non-linear progression in the spatial patterns of CNIAHS. (5) The subsequent excavation of CNIAHS should fan out from point to area to promote the exploration of various types of CNIAHS in northeast and southwest China; and the excavation of marine heritage in the southeast China. These insights provide substantial references for the future exploration and preservation of CNIAHS.
Effects of mineral mode and textural variation on the seismic anisotropy in lithospheric mantle: an example from Horoman peridotites
Authors: Matsuyama Kazuki , Michibayashi Katsuyoshi 
Published: November 2024

AbstractWe performed a numerical analysis of seismic velocities in mantle peridotite using the elastic constants and crystallographic preferred orientations (CPOs) of olivine, orthopyroxene, and clinopyroxene. Proportions of olivine in the samples ranged from 50 to 100% mechanically, whereas the two pyroxenes ranged from 0 to 50%. We utilized three lherzolite samples from the Horoman peridotite complex for this study. As the quantity of pyroxene increased, the P-wave velocities in the X-direction (8.35–9.14 km/s) and P-wave anisotropies (5.51–14.50%) decreased in all samples. However, the S1-wave velocities remained relatively consistent, with Vs1 ranging from 4.79 to 5.15 km/s and Vs2 from 4.55 to 4.92 km/s. The maximum S-wave anisotropies decreased as orthopyroxene contents increased. As a consequence, non-negligible effects of pyroxenes resulted in the variation of seismic velocities, suggesting the orthopyroxene/clinopyroxene contents and their CPOs could be one of critical factors for evaluating seismic anisotropy within the upper mantle.
Graphical abstract
Homoclinic bifurcation of a rate-weakening patch in a viscoelastic medium and effect of strength contrast
Authors: Noda Hiroyuki , Yamamoto Makoto 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe time-dependent viscoelastic deformation of host rocks is important when considering the dynamics of fault behavior, specifically in brittle–ductile transitional regions or shallow subduction zones, because it relaxes stress heterogeneity and affects loading to the fault. For a rate-and-state fault embedded in a Maxwell viscoelastic medium, a previous study discovered a transition from repeated earthquakes to the permanent stuck of a rate-weakening patch (EQ–ST transition) with decreased viscoelastic relaxation time $${t}_{\text{c}}$$

t
c

. This transition differs from the well-known seismic–aseismic transition explained by the Hopf bifurcation at the critical stiffness of an elastic system. To better understand the EQ–ST transition, quantifying the effect of heterogeneous frictional strength is important, because this effect is characteristic to the viscoelastic medium and is absent in the elastic limit. Previous experimental studies suggest a potential contrast in frictional strength $$\Delta {f}_{*}$$

Δ

f

∗

in such a way that a rate-weakening patch is stronger than a rate-strengthening region containing clay minerals. Here, we conducted two-dimensional, fully dynamic earthquake sequence simulations for a fault in a Maxwell viscoelastic medium; we investigated the EQ–ST transition in the two-dimensional parameter space of $${t}_{\text{c}}$$

t
c

and $$\Delta {f}_{*}$$

Δ

f

∗

. With $$\Delta {f}_{*}=0.3$$

Δ

f

∗

=
0.3

, the EQ–ST transition occurred at about 1 order of magnitude larger $${t}_{\text{c}}$$

t
c

than in the case with $$\Delta {f}_{*}=0$$

Δ

f

∗

=
0

. We constructed a coarse-grained model with only two degrees of freedom based on the spatial average. Consequently, the coarse-grained model behaves remarkably similar to the continuum model, and the EQ–ST transition is associated with a homoclinic bifurcation. The EQ–ST boundary in the parameter space can be quantitatively explained by considering elastic loading due to creep in the rate-strengthening region and unloading by viscoelastic relaxation of the stress heterogeneity comparable to $$\Delta {f}_{*}$$

Δ

f

∗

. A larger rate-weakening patch is anticipated to become aseismic earlier as $${t}_{\text{c}}$$

t
c

decreases, because the elastic loading rate is inversely correlated with the patch size. This may be qualitatively consistent with the change in the size distribution of events around the brittle–ductile transition in observations and laboratory experiments; however, further investigations on, for example, the interactions of events and changes in frictional parameters with depth are required for quantitative discussion.
Graphical abstract
The Use of Extended Reality Technologies in Sport Perceptual-Cognitive Skill Research: A Systematic Scoping Review
Authors: Kittel Aden , Lindsay Riki , Le Noury Peter , Wilkins Luke 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
Extended Reality (XR) technologies, such as Virtual Reality (VR) and 360°VR are growing rapidly in the scientific literature and sporting practice. These have been used for a range of skills, particularly perceptual-cognitive skills. However, to our knowledge, there is no systematic scoping review on this topic identifying the current state of play of the research area by characteristics such as study type, technology type, or sport investigated, and such a review would help guide the future direction of this area. Therefore, this study aimed to systematically review the extent of XR technology in sport for assessing and training athletes’ and officials’ perceptual-cognitive skills.

Methods
Electronic databases (SCOPUS, Web of Science, SPORTDiscus, PsycINFO) were searched for relevant articles up until January 2024. Studies were included if they used XR technologies to assess or develop sport-specific, higher order perceptual-cognitive skills.

Results
57 studies met the inclusion criteria for this review, of which 67% were published from 2020. Most studies conducted quantitative research designs, with 66% of studies adopting a cross-sectional assessment approach and 28% conducting an intervention to assess performance improvements. Decision-making was the most prevalent skill investigated, across 60% of studies. The most common technology was head mounted display (51%) presenting animated environments and the most common sports investigated were football and handball (32% and 19% of studies, respectively).

Conclusions
This review highlights a significant growth in the research exploring XR technologies in sport for perceptual-cognitive skill development and understanding, with most studies published in the last 4 years. Prominent technology types (e.g. animated HMD), perceptual-cognitive skills (e.g. decision making), study designs (e.g. quantitative assessment), and sports (e.g. football) are identified and discussed along with practical implications and future research.

Key Points

Extended reality technologies for sports perceptual-cognitive skills is an emerging field, marked by key trends in the types of technology used and the perceptual-cognitive skills being studied.

Decision-making is the most commonly studied perceptual-cognitive skill, and these technologies report to have high representativeness and engagement when being used.

More research is required to explore the effectiveness of this technology through intervention study designs, and further understand how it can be used and the perceptual-cognitive processes through qualitative research designs.
Understanding the home range characteristics of the first naturally bred pair of crested ibis(Nipponia nippon) released into the natural habitat
Authors: Lee Soodong , Oh Chunghyeon , Cho Bonggyo , Han Youngsub 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
The crested ibis, a species that relies on wetland ecosystems for survival, was once found throughout East Asia but has declined to near extinction in Korea, Russia, and Japan, except China. Artificial propagation of seven individuals found in Yangxian, Shaanxi Province, China has resulted in a stable population. Furthermore, South Korea and Japan are working on restoring populations through donations from China. Artificial propagation began in 2008, and in 2019, 40 individuals born between 2014 and 2018 were released into the natural habitat for the first time. We conducted this study to analyze the habitat environment, home range, and habitat usage patterns of a 2016-born male and a 2017-born female who attempted to reproduce naturally for the first time.

Results
After forming a breeding pair on April 3, 2020, the pair made two breeding attempts, built a nest in Pinus densiflora, and succeeded in hatching the chicks, but failed to raise them. The home range analysis showed that the area was 1.777–2.425 km² for MCP 100%, and 0.347–2.085 km² for 95% KDE. Meanwhile, the core habitat ranged from 0.007 to 0.296 km² (KDE 50%), indicating differences depending on the time of year and the individual being studied. Breeding pairs were estimated to spend over 50% of their recorded occurrences within 50 m during nesting for incubation, resting, and other activities. They mainly used in paddy fields, but from April to June, when onions and garlic were growing, they searched for food in fields, cemeteries, reservoirs, and other areas.

Conclusion
Breeding pairs have increasingly become more active near the nest, and Changnyeong-gun, where they were released, has large agricultural land suitable for crested ibis habitat. However, there is a problem that during the breeding season from April to June, most paddy fields are maintained as garlic and onion fields, which are then converted back for rice cultivation from May to June through double-cropping. Accordingly, for stable laying and rearing, it is necessary to contemplate how to maintain rice paddies, which serve as feeding grounds in the core habitats.
Outcome evaluation for the treatment of low flow venous and lymphatic malformations
Authors: Moussa R. M. , Oseni A. O. , Patel S. , Mailli L. , Morgan R. , Ratnam L. A. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Purpose
To propose a standardized method of subjectively and objectively evaluating outcomes of sclerotherapy in treating low flow vascular malformations.

Materials and methods
Sixty-six patients with low flow vascular malformations (venous, lymphatic, or combined) were treated with percutaneous sclerotherapy using bleomycin, doxycycline, or sodium tetradecyl sulphate. Each lesion required between 2–5 sessions of sclerotherapy with 8-week intervals in between.
The success of sclerotherapy was evaluated subjectively and objectively. The subjective response was based on the degree of patient satisfaction, by recording improvement of their symptoms and quality of life. The objective response was based on the changes in lesion characteristics after treatment, by recording changes in size, sonographic features, number of cystic spaces, and development of phleboliths.

Results
91% of our patients were satisfied with the treatment and reported improvement of symptoms and quality of life. Radiologically, 62% (41/66) of the patients had a reduction in lesion size, 77% (51/66) had a change in echogenicity, 84% (51/61) had a reduction in cystic spaces, and 68% (30/44) developed phleboliths. Of the patients reporting significant improvement, 94% displayed reduction in cystic spaces, 89% displayed change in the echogenicity and 71% showed changes in the size of the lesions, representing a linear correlation.

Conclusion
Evaluating the outcomes of percutaneous sclerotherapy for treating vascular malformations is a recognized challenge. Creating a questionnaire with defined parameters to apply before and after treatment allows objective measurement of outcomes. This will enable improved treatment pathways and treatment choice for patients, informed consent, and enable outcome comparison with other centers.
Gallium-67 SPECT/CT and diffusion-weighted MRI in the palatal tumor: report of a rare case with adenocarcinoma not otherwise specified
Authors: Kameta Ayako , Sasaki Yoshihiko , Kanri Yoriaki , Okada Yasuo , Ogura Ichiro 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
Adenocarcinoma not otherwise specified (NOS) is an uncommon malignant minor salivary gland tumor. We report gallium-67 SPECT/CT and diffusion-weighted MRI (DWI) in the palatal tumor, especially a rare case with adenocarcinoma NOS.

Case presentation
An 85-year-old female patient presented with swelling on the palate within 3 months. DWI and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps indicated high and low signal intensities on the lesion, respectively. ADC value of the lesion was 0.58 × 10–3 mm2s−1. Gallium-67 SPECT/CT showed increased uptake on the lesion and no metastasis. The maximum SUV for the palatal lesion was 7.36. Histopathological diagnosis by a biopsy was adenocarcinoma NOS.

Conclusion
The gallium-67 SPECT/CT and DWI should be effective for assessment of the palatal tumor.
An efficient cross-borehole direct current resistivity monitoring instrument
Authors: Liu Lichao , Domenzain Gonzalez Diego , Vela Ivan , Maurya Pradip Kumar , Kühl Anders K. , Bording Thue , Ejlskov Palle , Auken Esben , Larsen Jakob Juul , Christiansen Anders Vest 
Published: November 2024

Detailed mapping of pumped agents in in situ groundwater remediation is beneficial for ensuring satisfactory coverage of the contaminated volume. Cross-borehole resistivity measurements can provide time-lapse 3D (or 4D) images that highlight the anomaly volume created by the introduction of agents when the injection has a distinctive conductivity contrast, thereby guiding the injection process. However, existing instruments are mainly designed for surface measurements. We develop an efficient cross-borehole resistivity instrument capable of generating data sets from numerous quadrupoles. After inversion, these data reveal 4D subsurface electrical parameters across the remediation zone. We determine its efficiency by acquiring 599,760 quadrupole measurements at a groundwater remediation test site in just 7.5 h. The two data sets collected before and after agent injection clearly delineate the amendment zone, characterized by the lower resistivity of the remediation agent.
A multidimensional toolkit for elucidating temporal trajectories in cell development in vivo
Authors: Ono Masahiro , Crompton Tessa 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT
Progenitor cells initiate development upon receiving key signals, dynamically altering gene and protein expression to diverge into various lineages and fates. Despite the use of several experimental approaches, including the Fluorescent Timer-based method Timer-of-cell-kinetics-and-activity (Tocky), analysing time-dependent processes at the single-cell level in vivo remains challenging. This study introduces a novel integrated experimental and computational approach, using an advanced multidimensional toolkit. This toolkit facilitates the simultaneous examination of temporal progression and T-cell profiles using high-dimensional flow cytometric data. Employing novel algorithms based on canonical correspondence analysis and network analysis, our toolkit identifies developmental trajectories and analyses dynamic changes in developing cells. The efficacy of this approach is demonstrated by analysing thymic T cells from Nr4a3-Tocky mice, which monitor activities downstream of the T-cell receptor (TCR) signal. Further validation was achieved by deleting the proapoptotic gene Bcl2l11 in Nr4a3-Tocky mice. This revealed dynamic changes in thymic T cells during cellular development and negative selection following TCR signalling. Overall, this study establishes a new method for analysing the temporal dynamics of individual developing cells in response to in vivo signalling cues.
The Ras-related nuclear GTPase RAN1 ensures pollen size and tube growth by maintaining the actin cytoskeleton
Authors: Li Yihao , Zhao Yuwan , Zhang Haining , Liu Peiwei , Ren Haiyun 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT
Controlling organ size in plants is a complex biological process influenced by various factors, including gene expression, genome ploidy and environmental conditions. Despite its importance for plant growth and development, the mechanisms underlying organ size regulation remain unknown. Here, we investigated the role of RAN1, a member of the Ras-related nuclear GTPase family, in regulating pollen size. A RAN1 knockdown mutant (ran1-1) exhibited a significant reduction in pollen size, accompanied by impaired germination and reduced pollen tube growth. RAN1 mutation caused disruptions in actin filament organization, such as aberrant structure of actin collar due to the dysregulation of expression of actin-binding proteins. Furthermore, we identified that mutation of the transcription activator SHORT HYPOCOTYL UNDER BLUE1 (SHB1) showed similar but milder phenotypes in pollen compared to ran1-1. Genetic evidence suggested that SHB1 acts downstream of RAN1. Transient expression assays in leaves showed that SHB1 was largely retained in the cytoplasm of the ran1-1 mutant, potentially affecting the expression of actin-binding proteins. These findings highlight the pivotal role of RAN1 in modulating pollen size and development, providing valuable insights into cell size regulation.