bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A study of mechanical torque measurement on the wind turbine drive train—ways and feasibilities
Authors: Zhang Hongkun , Ortiz de Luna Rubén , Pilas Martin , Wenske Jan 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe signal of the drive train mechanical torque can be a very informative input for new technologies on the wind turbine, helping further reducing the cost of energy. However, measuring the mechanical torque is not an easy task even during a test campaign on a prototype. In case of the long‐term measurement for operational purpose of use on the turbine, it is often considered as technically and economically not feasible. This paper discusses possible ways of the torque measurement and presents a test campaign where two different methods of torque measurement are conducted. One of the methods measures the shear strain signal using strain gauges at one section of the turbine main shaft. The other method measures the torsional deformation between two positions of the drive train, with an incremental encoder measuring the angular position of the drive train at each position. The tests are conducted on an 8‐MW wind turbine drive train under tests on the nacelle test bench “DyNaLab” of Fraunhofer IWES. During the tests, different load steps of torque and other load components are applied to the drive train. The measurement results from both measuring methods are presented and analysed. In the end, technical and economical feasibilities are discussed for both methods of torque measurement; some suggestions are also given respectively.
Big data analytics: Machine learning and Bayesian learning perspectives—What is done? What is not?
Authors: Suthaharan Shan 
Published: September 2018

Big data analytics provides an interdisciplinary framework that is essential to support the current trend for solving real‐world problems collaboratively. The progression of big data analytics framework must be clearly understood so that novel approaches can be developed to advance this state‐of‐the‐art discipline. An ignorance of observing the progression of this fast‐growing discipline may lead to duplications in research and waste of efforts. Its main companion field, machine learning, helps solve many big data analytics problems; therefore, it is also important to understand the progression of machine learning in the big data analytics framework. One of the current research efforts in big data analytics is the integration of deep learning and Bayesian optimization, which can help the automatic initialization and optimization of hyperparameters of deep learning and enhance the implementation of iterative algorithms in software. The hyperparameters include the weights used in deep learning, and the number of clusters in Bayesian mixture models that characterize data heterogeneity. The big data analytics research also requires computer systems and software that are capable of storing, retrieving, processing, and analyzing big data that are generally large, complex, heterogeneous, unstructured, unpredictable, and exposed to scalability problems. Therefore, it is appropriate to introduce a new research topic—transformative knowledge discovery—that provides a research ground to study and develop smart machine learning models and algorithms that are automatic, adaptive, and cognitive to address big data analytics problems and challenges. The new research domain will also create research opportunities to work on this interdisciplinary research space and develop solutions to support research in other disciplines that may not have expertise in the research area of big data analytics. For example, the research, such as detection and characterization of retinal diseases in medical sciences and the classification of highly interacting species in environmental sciences can benefit from the knowledge and expertise in big data analytics.This article is categorized under:

Application Areas > Science and Technology
Technologies > Machine Learning
Fundamental Concepts of Data and Knowledge > Big Data Mining
State Citizenship, EU Citizenship and Freedom of Movement
Authors: Bellamy Richard 
Published: September 2018

AbstractI share Floris de Witte’s concern about the attacks on the EU currently coming from the populist right, a challenge epitomized by, but unfortunately not restricted to, the Brexit campaign in the UK. However, I doubt that the best way to answer such misleading rhetoric is to make rhetorical counter-claims. Rather, it is to show that their views are largely without foundation and that far from undermining national citizenship, EU citizenship and free movement defend it in the context of the normative and empirical challenges of an inter-dependent world. States provide the infrastructure on which the rights of citizens depend, with democratic citizenship as the ‘right of rights’, since it enables citizens to shape that infrastructure in ways that allow them to claim their rights on equal terms to each other. However, as a matter of consistency, citizens have a duty to show the citizens of other states equal concern and respect not only as shapers of the rights within their own state, but also as possessing the right to freely move to other states, and so not be arbitrarily disadvantaged through being born in one state rather than another, so long as such movement allows both the home and the host states to continue to supply the rights of their citizens. I call this argument cosmopolitan statism. It indicates how one can support free movement rights while still holding to the very statist arguments de Witte seeks to challenge. It also offers a plausible characterisation of the nature and role of Union citizenship.
Free Movement and EU Citizenship from the Perspective of Intra-European Mobility
Authors: Koikkalainen Saara 
Published: September 2018

AbstractIn his kick-off text, Floris de Witte argues that the value of free movement lies in its capacity to emancipate the individual from the nation state, to recalibrate questions of justice and democracy, and to sever ties to a homogenous political ‘community of fate’. My contribution builds on empirical research on intra-European mobility and elaborates on his first claim on emancipation. I offer two factors to support my interpretation of the strong link between free movement and EU citizenship: 1) the development of the very concept of European citizenship is at least partly the result of a longer history of free movement and 2) the concrete advantages of EU citizenship are strongly linked to free movement. I finish with the conclusion that free movement makes the EU real also for those Europeans who have not exercised their right to move.
The Court and the Legislators: Who Should Define the Scope of Free Movement in the EU?
Authors: van den Brink Martijn 
Published: September 2018

AbstractEU citizenship is not about the centralisation of rights and about replacing the democratically legitimated substance of national laws by uniform European ones. Instead, the value of EU citizenship lies in the opportunity it offers to EU citizens to take up residence in another Member State to pursue their dreams and ambitions. But while this is so, we should not forget that its value is not uniformly accepted by all Union citizens. Neither should we ignore that free movement never was meant to be unlimited.
Reading Too Much and Too Little into the Matter? Latent Limits and Potentials of EU Freedom of Movement
Authors: Sardelić Julija 
Published: September 2018

AbstractI concur with those who claim that EU free movement should be defended on a normative as well as practical level. But it is only so much that EU freedom of movement can deliver. We cannot expect that as a standalone policy it would ‘recalibrate justice’ for marginalized minorities in the EU. Considering the position of EU Romani migrants, we can see that in practice EU free movement does not necessarily address injustices produced by natioin states. In fact, it can also result in new injustice that is not present on the nation-state level.
Why Compensating the ‘Stayers’ for the Costs of Mobility Is the Wrong Way to Go
Authors: Hermann Julia 
Published: September 2018

AbstractLike most of the previous respondents, I agree with Ferrera that the unequal division of the costs and benefits of free movement calls for action. My main criticism concerns his proposal to compensate non-mobile citizens. In my response, I shall expand on Christian Joppke’s critique of Ferrera’s presumption that ‘moving’ causes harm that ‘stayers’ should be indemnified for. I argue als that there is a real possibility that in its current form the EU cannot achieved the required social union. This would mean that due to the internal constitution of the EU, EU citizenship couldn’t fulfill its integrative functions. Given the enormous problems the EU is facing, we have to take this possibility very seriously.
Coda
Authors: Shachar Ayelet 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe ‘selling of citizenship’ is indicative of larger and deeper transformations of our conception of political membership. Globally, it exacerbates inequality by securing privileged access to membership for the super-rich. Domestically, it runs the risk of straining civic bonds and democratic solidarity. Taken together, these developments reveal whom the contemporary market-friendly state prioritizes in the admission line and whom it most covets as future citizens.
Citizenship Without Magic
Authors: Harder Lois 
Published: September 2018

AbstractI share Costica Dumbrava’s critique of ius sanguinis citizenship, and ultimately what is, I think, his rejection of birth as the basis for political membership generally. Of course, there are issues of practicality – of the world as we find it – that might limit whether and how one would advance the abolishment of birthright citizenship in light of specific political dynamics. But it is precisely those practicalities, and the near unthinkability of alternatives to birth-based citizenship that demand our interrogation of birthright in the first instance. As Joseph Carens has argued with respect to his advocacy of open borders, ‘even if we must take deeply rooted social arrangements as givens for purposes of immediate action in a particular context, we should never forget about our assessment of their fundamental character. Otherwise we wind up legitimating what should only be endured’.
The Janus-Face of Ius Sanguinis: Protecting Migrant Children and Expanding Ethnic Nations
Authors: Decimo Francesca 
Published: September 2018

AbstractCostica Dumbrava’s proposal for abandoning ius sanguinis is timely and bold. My intuition is to reject his suggestion that children’s citizenship might be disconnected from that of their parents, but to join his advocacy for a radical rethinking of the ius sanguinis principle with a view towards eliminating it once and for all. These are rather contrasting stances in relation to the same principle. My contribution aims to resolve the apparent contradiction.
Learning from Naturalisation Debates: The Right to an Appropriate Citizenship at Birth
Authors: Swider Katja , Vlieks Caia 
Published: September 2018

AbstractCitizenship has a political and a legal dimension. In his opening contribution, Costica Dumbrava only marginally addresses the legal dimension of citizenship, acknowledging its importance, but suggesting that it is replaceable with alternative arrangements, such as a universal status for children. But in reality much legal baggage is attached to citizenship, and one cannot simply shake it off, even if this appears normatively attractive. The whole human rights movement can be seen as an effort to separate access to legal rights from possessing a status of political membership, and this attempt has not reached its goal (yet). Citizenship is still the ‘right to have rights’. Avoidance of statelessness is therefore not just a legal whim; it is a human rights failsafe mechanism.
Cloud Communities: The Dawn of Global Citizenship?
Authors: Orgad Liav 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThis kickoff contribution argues that new conceptions of global citizenship are needed today and that new digital technologies might make them viable. Blockchain technology could provide, first, every person with a unique and internationally recognized and self-sovereign legal persona that could also serve to provide individuals globally with an equal voice in international affairs. Second, blockchain technology also permits individuals or international organisations to form cloud communities in cyberspace whose aim is political decision-making and in which individuals take part in a process of governance and the creation of law.
Citizenship Forecast: Partly Cloudy with Chances of Algorithms
Authors: Dumbrava Costica 
Published: September 2018

AbstractExercising citizenship has always involved some forms of technology, from voting pebbles in Ancient Greece to ballot boxes and electoral districting algorithms in modern representative democracies. However, the high levels of sophistication and, ultimately, opaqueness of technologies such as blockchain must be a real concern should we decide to entrust these technologies with the role of embodying democratic self-government. We are asked to take for granted the promises of new digital technologies and are kindly invited to take our places in shiny new cloud communities. However, we rarely understand how these technologies work, who designs and oversees them and whether we would be able to dispense of them if we find them wanting.
A Brave New Dawn? Digital Cakes, Cloudy Governance and Citizenship á la Carte
Authors: Džankić Jelena 
Published: September 2018

AbstractIn his kick-off contribution Orgad notes that the future of citizenship is dynamic and multi-layered. Yet so is the present, and so has been its past. The key question is whether we are ready to embrace a new approach to citizenship, based on ‘smart contracts’ operating in cyberspace and regulating needs of individuals, just as a business model would do. Even if digital technologies bring along numerous benefits we have to recognise that their á la carte approach is hardly conducive to the creation of a community of shared values among members. That is, it is hardly conducive to citizenship.
The Future of Citizenship: Global and Digital – A Rejoinder
Authors: Orgad Liav 
Published: September 2018

AbstractWe can construct theoretical models of digital citizenship but, as this debate has shown, there are plenty of uncertainties – political, technological, and psychological ones – before it can become actually operative. I agree with Milan that ‘much work is needed … before we can proclaim the blockchain revolution.’ In particular, I share the concern about global inequality generated by ideas of cloud communities due to lack of internet access (Dzankic, Ypi, Kochenov) – this gap, however, has tremendously (and rapidly) narrowed and in 104 states more than 80 per cent of the youth population (aged 15–24) are now online. The situation will further improve if a right to internet access is universally recognised. And I cannot but share Bauböck’s worries about the tyranny of the majority in the cloud – addressing it is a matter of constitutional design of voting mechanisms (note, however, that there will be judicial review, decisions that require supermajority, and perhaps even veto rights in the digital world as well). Discussing these (and others) concerns will keep theorists and policy makers busy in the years to come. While the focus of this debate is on global citizenship and virtual communities, I see it as a broader invitation to reflect on the nexus between new technologies and the future of citizenship.
Construction and Characterization of Transportable Calibration Pads for Calibration of Portable and Airborne Gamma Ray Spectrometers in India
Authors: Sharma Pravin Kumar , Johri Nalin Kumar , Raut Gagan Behari , Rangaswamy G. , Pandey Brahma Kishore , Chaturvedi Anand Kumar 
Published: September 2018

ABSTRACT
Ground and airborne gamma ray spectrometers are routinely used in uranium exploration for search of deposits and lithological mapping. These systems are calibrated using standard concrete calibration pads which are constructed with known concentrations of K, U and Th and simulate the infinite source geometry for gamma ray survey instruments. In India Atomic Minerals Directorate for Exploration and Research, a constituent of Department of Atomic Energy created such calibration facility at Nagpur civil Airport in 1984 and maintained it till date. The cost of maintaining these old pads is very high, therefore we have constructed new transportable calibration pads which are much smaller in size (1m x 1m x 30cm) and also transportable to field areas. Five pads namely Background pad, potassium pad, uranium pad, thorium pad and composite pad have been constructed. These are made of concrete spiked with pre determined concentrations of radio-elements uranium, thorium and potassium. These transportable calibration pads are 750kg in weight and are mounted on a trolley. This has eliminated the need for large standard calibration pads, which needed an airport with very high land leasing costs and thereby reducing the maintenance cost significantly. A very distinctive feature of designed transportable pads as compared to pads worldwide, is the achievement of high density and high compressive strength. This high density has resulted in higher sensitivity thereby improving the statistical accuracy of calibration. This has also resulted in reducing the fluctuations in calibration due to moisture in field condition. Another distinctive feature is the achievement of higher potassium concentration &gt; 8.0% in potassium pad. Creation of this new calibration facility has resulted in substantial savings to government exchequer by eliminating the need of the airport. This has enabled calibration in the field areas with easy transportability and thereby reducing the downtime of the survey operations in uranium exploration. This paper describes the design and fabrication of transportable calibration pads in India.
Flood Frequency Analysis of Betwa River, Madhya Pradesh India
Authors: Pandey H. K. , Dwivedi Shivam , Kumar Kamlesh 
Published: September 2018

ABSTRACT
Flood is common phenomena worldwide since time immemorial. Recently the change in climatic parameters has drastically affected the pattern and magnitude of flood. India being one of the tropical country face flood and drought situations every year, therefore it needs accurate assessment and forecast of flood for proper management of natural resources.
An attempt has been made through the present study which consists frequency analysis on maximum daily discharge data in Betwa river at Basoda, Mohana and Shahijina gauging stations in Madhya Pradesh state using Gumbel’s Extreme value distribution and Log Pearson Type-3 distribution for 20 years period (1993-2012).
The result shows that Log Pearson Type-3 distribution is better suited for Betwa basin. The results can be used by civil engineers for deciding the dimensions of hydraulic structures such as spillways, dams, bridges etc. Floods are forecasted for the different return periods for Betwa river.
Morphotectonic Appraisal of Yamuna River Basin in Headwater Region: A Relative Active Tectonics Purview
Authors: Dubey R. K. , Satyam Gyan Prakash 
Published: September 2018

ABSTRACT
In the present paper integrated appraisals of landform evolution and their geomorphic features, drainage networks across the upper part of Yamuna river basin have been attempted by using various geomorphic indices such as watershed, drainage density (D), drainage texture, stream-gradient index (SL), hypsometric integral (HI), drainage basin asymmetry (AF), mountain front sinuosity (Smf), sinuosity index (SI), valley floor height and width ratio (Vf) and data of historical earthquakes in characterizing the basin in view of relative index of active tectonics (RIAT) on DEM in geographic information systems (GIS) environment to assess the influence of recent tectonics on geomorphologic growth of the basin.
The substantiated RIAT classes through some field observations and corroborated by recent seismicity reveal the recent activation of Yamuna tear faults in the basin with delineation of four RIAT classes such as class-1 (inactive 9.8% of the area), class-2 (low active; 16.40% of the area), class-3 (moderately active; 42.38% of the area) and class-4 (very active; 31.62%). The results suggest that the Himalayan frontal thrust (HFT) and Yamuna tear (YT) located in the basin is morphogenic in nature and got activated several times as evidenced by number of seismic activities in the basin and adjoining regions. The incision, and sharp turning of rivers, crenulations and warping of cross beddings/laminations and silt/clay beds and lenses, megascopic and mesoscopic faulting in sediment sequences suggest a very active nature of the HFT and YT till date in association with three prolific microseismogenic weak zones These active discontinuities appear to support the formation and development of different deformational features in sediment sequences which may be indirectly related to subduction and underthrusting of Indian plate under Eurasian plate below the Himalayan mountain chain.
Single nucleotide polymorphism array analysis uncovers a large, novel duplication in Xq13.1 in a floppy infant syndrome patient
Authors: Liu Min , Wang Yuhuan , Yang Sijia , Wei He , Tuo Miao , Chang Fei , Wang Yuhui 
Published: September 2018

AbstractObjectiveTo identify candidate genes for the clinical diagnosis of floppy infant syndrome (FIS) using single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array in a specific FIS family.MethodsSNP array analysis of the whole chromosome copy number was performed in the proband (III1). Multiple polymerase chain reaction (PCR) combined with denaturing high‐performance liquid chromatography (DHPLC) was used to validate the array data.ResultsA large 5.818182 Mb duplication (Xq13.1: 67987646–73805828), which encompasses 66 known genes, was found in III1. The start and end points of the duplication were confirmed with an SNP array. Duplicated genes with potential roles in central and/or peripheral nervous system development (HDAC8, PHKA1, TAF1, DLG3, KIF4A, IGBP1, PJA1, and SLC16A2) were confirmed by multiple PCR‐DHPLC in III1. The patient's mother and grandmother carry duplications in these eight genes, but only on one X chromosome, while the patient's aunt does not carry any of the duplications.ConclusionBased on the location of the eight candidate genes in Xq13.1, the large duplication found by SNP array does indeed exist and is predicted to be both novel and pathogenic. Moreover, we recommend SNP array as the first option for genetic diagnosis of both large‐scale and rare/complicated diseases, such as FIS.