bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of educational intervention dental students’ competence in managing injuries caused by sharp objects: A quasi-experimental study
Authors: Zarabadipour Mahdieh , Gholizadeh Negar , Mirzadeh Monirsadat , Khorasani Erfan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Introduction and aims: Sharp body injuries commonly occur during dental procedures. Diseases transmitted in this way are among the most common infectious and dangerous diseases. Since training related to this issue is provided at the university, in this study, we examined the level of knowledge, attitudes, and practice habits of Qazvin dental students while such injuries are encountered and their changes after an educational intervention.
Methods: In this before-after study that included all dental students in clinical courses (DDS 22’–DDS 25’), their knowledge, attitudes, and practice habits regarding sharp object injuries were assessed using a questionnaire designed by the authors. It contained 34 questions: 10 on knowledge, 7 on attitudes, and 17 on practice habits. The educational video was shown immediately after completing the questionnaire, and then after a 2-week interval, it was answered again. Data were analyzed using SPSS 26, with chi-square and one-way analyses of variance.
Results: Eighty-seven students completed the questionnaires before and after the educational intervention. This study revealed significant differences in immediate post-injury performance knowledge (P = 0.001), PEP (P = 0.025), and capping (P = 0.001). However, there was no statistically significant difference in the extent of the injury with a sharp object based on sex or age. There was a significant relationship between the students’ year of university entry and their extent of injury with a sharp object (P = 0.025). Most of students (67.8%) did not know how to function properly after a sharp object injury, and the highest percentage of sharp object injuries occurred during the 7th semester. Additionally, 60.7% of the students did not report their injuries.
Conclusions: Dental students are among the most vulnerable groups of healthcare workers. Educational content, particularly visual aids, can enhance dental students' knowledge of reporting sharp object injuries, accident management, and post-exposure prophylaxis.
Fe/N/C Catalysts with Hierarchical Porous Structure Derived from Fe-doped ZIF-8 for Accelerated ORR Activity
Authors: Li Kaixiang , Zhao Jinyu , Yuan Ruipeng , Chen Jiajun , Li Huijun , Wang Xiaomin 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Fe-N-C is considered to be the most promising candidate for catalyzing oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), and its large-scale development is crucial to reducing the cost of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). However, its simple and efficient synthesis still faces great challenges, and the microstructure changes in the pyrolysis process are not clear. Herein, we report a high-performance Fe-N-C catalyst, which is produced from the high temperature pyrolysis of Fe-doped ZIF-8 precursor. The effect of pyrolysis temperature on the specific surface area, porous structure and graphitization level of Fe-N-C catalyst is systematically studied. Eminently, Fe-N-C 1000, which was obtained via pyrolysis of Fe-ZIF-8 at 1000 °C, possesses highly dispersed Fe-N4 active sites on the high surface area polyhedral, ensuring the high intrinsic activity. The simultaneous hierarchically ordered porous architecture provides a wealth of mass transfer channels to improve dynamic performance. It exhibits an outstanding ORR activity in acidic solution (E1/2 of 0.791 V). High graphitization also enhances its corrosion resistance, showing superior stability (only change 20 mV after 5000 cycles in 0.5M H2SO4). This work well demonstrates the importance of establishing the structural equilibrium of the catalyst under pyrolysis conditions for efficient ORR.
predict bipolar disorder by using graph theory, cortical volume, and machine learning
Authors: Ruhi Miysam , Hassani-Abharian Peyman 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Bipolar disorder diagnosis(BPD) is associated with great imprecision and uncertainty and requires a reliable diagnostic measure. Recently, machine learning techniques, named support vector machine (SVM), random forest, and K-nearest neighbor (KNN), have been combined with neuroimaging methods to help diagnose BPD. This study aimed to predict BPD using SVM, RF, and KNN classifier models based on graph theory values ​​of the whole brain's global function and gray matter volume using the data integration method.
Methodology: In this study, we used data from 49 patients with bipolar disorder and 49 healthy. In this method, we used the global efficiency scale and brain gray matter volume for integration into the concatenation method.
Results: For the combined dataset, the SVM model had an accuracy of 0.85, a sensitivity of 0.92, and a specificity of 0.78, The random forest model had an accuracy of 0.89, a sensitivity of 0.88, and a specificity of 0.91; the KNN model had an accuracy of 0.82, a sensitivity of 0.84, and a specificity of 0.80. In the global-efficiency dataset, the SVM model had an accuracy of 0.85, a sensitivity of 0.82, and a specificity of 0.87; The random forest model had an accuracy of 0.82 a sensitivity of 0.78, and a specificity of 0.86; The KNN model has an achieved of 0.78, a sensitivity of 0.79, and a specificity of 0.81. In the gray matter volume dataset, all three models (SVM, Random Forest, and KNN) performed similarly, with accuracies, sensitivities, and specificities ranging from 0.51 to 0.52.
The results show that the combined gray matter and global-efficiency data group yielded the highest accuracy for all three models. The random forest model consistently performed well on all datasets and demonstrated robustness when handling brain imaging data. However, note that the performance of the models varies depending on the data type used. Therefore, model selection should be tailored to the specific characteristics of the given dataset.
The Effect of Enterprise Digital Transformation on Supply Chain Efficiency and Its Transmission Mechanism
Authors: Shang Luhui , Zhen Yongqi 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

With the wide application of digital construction in numerous fields, digital transformation has gradually brought advantages to enterprises, such as sharing data, optimizing processes, improving efficiency and reducing operating costs. Based on the data of A-share listed enterprises in China from 2019 to 2022, this paper explores the impact of digital transformation on supply chain efficiency and its transmission mechanism. It is found that the digitalization for enterprises can effectively improve their supply chain efficiency. To be more specific, the transmission mechanism indicates that the digital progress improves the efficiency of supply chain by enhancing enterprises’ management level. Moreover, Customer concentration plays a negative during this process, and heterogeneity analysis demonstrates that the impact of digital progress on supply chain efficiency is more significant in supply chain sensitive industries and large enterprises. This paper not only enriches the research on digital transformation and supply chain efficiency, but also provides empirical evidence for enterprises to promote digital transformation, improve supply chain efficiency and further achieve sustainable development.
Prognostic value of semi-quantitative score based on 123I-MIBG SPECT/CT in Chinese pediatric patients with stage 4 high-risk neuroblastoma after induction chemotherapy
Authors: wang xiaoya , Wang Guanyun , Zhou Ziang , Zhang Keyu , Kan Ying , Yang Jigang 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
As Curie score derived from 123I-MIBG SPECT/CT exhibits superior accuracy while maintaining excellent concordance with the gold standard compared to planar imaging, our study aimed to assess the prognostic value of a semi-quantitative scoring system based on 123I-MIBG SPECT/CT imaging for predicting outcomes in Chinese pediatric patients with stage 4 high-risk neuroblastoma following induction chemotherapy.
Results
We retrospectively analyzed a cohort of 116 pediatric patients diagnosed with stage 4 high-risk neuroblastoma who underwent induction chemotherapy followed by 123I-MIBG SPECT/CT imaging in our department. The optimal cut-off value for the Curie score after induction was determined to be 6 based on the Youden index. Cox multifactorial analysis revealed that Curie score > 6, presence of neuroblastoma pathology, MYCN amplification and 11q23 aberration could serve as independent predictors of progression-free survival (PFS). Children with Curie scores > 6 (n = 29) after induction had significantly lower progression-free survival compared to those with Curie scores ≤ 6 (n = 87) (1-year PFS: 55.2%±9.2% vs. 79.3%±4.3%, 3-year PFS: 15.1%±8.3% vs. 54.7%±5.9%, P < 0.001). For children with/without MYCN-amplified and 11q23 aberration neuroblastoma, higher Curie scores (> 6) were associated with significantly worse outcomes. But for children without 11q23 aberration neuroblastoma, there was no significant difference in Curie score after induction.
Conclusions
The present study proposes that the Curie score, derived from 123I-MIBG SPECT/CT imaging following induction chemotherapy, exhibits a robust correlation with the prognosis of Chinese pediatric patients diagnosed with MIBG avid stage 4 high-risk neuroblastoma. Specifically, patients achieving a CS of 6 or lower after induction chemotherapy demonstrate enhanced benefits from consolidation and maintenance treatment regimens. Consequently, further investigation is warranted to explore individualized therapeutic approaches for Chinese pediatric patients afflicted with stage 4 high-risk neuroblastoma.
Enhancing Maize Production in Mali: The Role of Fertilizer Microdosing and Mechanization in Improving Yield, Economic Returns, and Reducing Labor Use
Authors: Woumou Kamkam , Coulibaly Adama , Aune Jens B. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

The objectives of this study were to determine the optimal maize NPK microdosing rate in Mali and compare labor requirements for mechanized versus manual sowing and fertilization across three locations with varying rainfall. The treatments included five microdosing rates, ranging from zero to 93 kg NPK/ha (3 g NPK/hill), and the recommended rate of 100 kg NPK/ha applied by row application. All treatments also received an additional 150 kg urea/ha. Grain yield increased with application rates up to 93 kg/ha, resulting in a 1029 kg/ha (61.3%) increase compared to the control. The 63 kg NPK/ha microdosing rate resulted in a yield and economic return comparable to the application of 100 kg NPK/ha using row placement. The profitability of fertilizer use was evaluated by analyzing scenarios with both unfavorable and favorable ratios between fertilizer costs and grain prices. The 78.1 kg NPK/ha microdosing rate gave the highest average gross margin and VCR across the two price scenarios. The value-cost ratio was above the critical threshold of two in all fertilizer treatments, even under an unfavorable fertilizer-to-grain price ratio. Therefore, the risk associated with fertilizer use in maize is low, even if only non-subsidized fertilizer is available. The labour study showed that the manual application of seeds and microdosing of fertilizer averaged 11.4 man-days/ha, compared to 1.0 man-days/ha for the corresponding mechanized operation. Farmers will, therefore, not be likely to practice microdosing unless the operation is mechanized.
Efficacy and safety of non-ablative ErYAG laser for mild to moderate stress urinary incontinence: a prospective, multicenter, randomized, sham controlled clinical trial
Authors: Wang Xin , zhang Zhipeng , Meng Lifeng , Xu Shengfei , Zheng Jiqiong , Wang Hui , Lv Jianwei , zhang Zhengwang , Yuan Xiaoyi , Zhang Yaoguang 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of a non-ablative vaginal Er: YAG laser device in treating stress urinary incontinence (SUI). We conducted a prospective, multicenter, randomized, sham-controlled clinical trial in which women with SUI received either active arm treatment using Er: YAG laser therapy or a control arm using a sham handpiece. Patients underwent three treatments spaced one month apart. The primary endpoint measure was the treatment success rate at three months post-treatment. A total of 126 participants with SUI were recruited, with 84 in the active arm and 42 in the sham arm. One participant in the sham arm was excluded due to not using research instruments. The treatment success rate at three months after treatment was observed in 36.59% of the sham arm and 71.43% of the active arm (OR 34.8%, 95% CI: 17.2 ~ 52.5%). Incontinence quality of life questionnaire (I-QOL) score and incontinence questionnaire short form (ICIQ-SF) score demonstrated significant improvement in the active arm compared to the sham arm. Non-ablative vaginal ErYAG laser therapy demonstrated a significant improvement in SUI symptoms compared to sham treatment. Er: YAG laser therapy should be considered as a non-surgical treatment option for SUI patients.
Facilitators of good consultations in primary health care clinics in Botswana: a qualitative study of patients’ and doctors’ views.
Authors: Setlhare Vincent , Madiba Sphiwe 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background:
The behaviours and attributes of doctors affect the quality of consultations. Although good consultations improve the quality of care, there is a dearth of evidence on factors that facilitate good consultations.
Aim:
This study explored factors that facilitate good consultations in public primary healthcare (PHC) clinics from the perspective of doctors and patients.
Setting:
We conducted the study in public (PHC) clinics in four health districts of Botswana. Patients with a wide range of acute and chronic diseases sought health care from these clinics. Nurses, pharmacists, and non-specialist doctors were some of the healthcare (HCWs) who gave services to these patients.
Methods:
This was a qualitative study in which audiotaped structured interviews were used to collect data, until saturation.
Results:
Seventeen purposively selected doctors and 32 patients participated in this study. Data were analysed for themes.
Participants thought the facilitators of good consultations were, creating a conducive environment for the consultation, enough time provision for the consultation, continuity of care, effective communication, and creating an environment to maintain confidentiality. Facilitators of a good consultation were influenced by health system factors such as clinic factors, high doctor workload, and high patient volumes. We further surmised that thefacilitators of a good consultation do not act independently but influence each other, in a complex health system of interacting components.
Conclusion:
Facilitators of a good consultation were creating a conducive environment for the consultation, providing enough time for the consultation, continuity of care, effective communication, and ensuring privacy and confidentiality. These facilitators interact and are subsumed in a complex interactive health system of many contributing factors. Facilitators of good consultations, improve the quality of care and health outcomes. However good consultations are a result of facilitators of good consultations that are undergirded by many other necessary health system factors.
Clinical Outcome of Children with Progressive Familial Intrahepatic Cholestasis: A Cohort Study
Authors: Motazedian Nasrin , Dehghani Seyed Mohsen , Shamsaeefar Alireza , Kazemi Kourosh , Ghorbanpour Ali , Sayadi Mehrab , Ataollahi Maryam , Nikeghbalian Saman 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background: Progressive Familial Intrahepatic Cholestasis (PFIC) is a rare genetic liver disorder characterized by cholestasis and progressive liver damage, often leading to cirrhosis and liver transplantation. Understanding the clinical course and outcomes of PFIC is crucial for improving management strategies, particularly in resource-limited settings like Iran.
This study aimed to assess the clinical outcomes and survival rates of children with PFIC in Iran, emphasizing the importance of early diagnosis and liver transplantation.
Methods: This cohort study is part of the Shiraz Pediatric Liver Cirrhosis Cohort Study (SPLCCS), initiated in 2018. Data were collected on demographic characteristics, clinical features, and laboratory findings. Cox regression analysis was employed to identify risk factors for mortality.
Results: Out of 100 PFIC cases, 35% of the children died, with younger age at diagnosis and higher Pediatric End-Stage Liver Disease (PELD) scores associated with increased mortality risk. Liver transplantation (LTx) was performed in 50% of the cohort, with survival rates of 74%, 70%, and 66% at 12, 24, and 60 months, respectively, post-transplant. Higher white blood cells (WBC), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and direct bilirubin levels were also significant predictors of mortality.
Conclusions: Early diagnosis and liver transplantation are critical for improving survival in children with PFIC. High PELD scores, WBC, AST, and bilirubin levels are associated with increased mortality risk, emphasizing the need for early intervention and regular monitoring.
Retinal Fundus Imaging as a Biomarker for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: Machine Learning for Screening and Visual Attention Stratification
Authors: Choi Hangnyoung , Hong JaeSeong , Kang Hyun Goo , Park Min-Hyeon , Ha Sungji , Lee Junghan , Yoon Sangchul , Kim Daeseong , Park Yu Rang , Cheon Keun-Ah 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), characterized by diagnostic complexity and symptom heterogeneity, is a prevalent neurodevelopmental disorder. In this study, we explored the machine learning analysis of retinal fundus photographs as a novel, noninvasive biomarker for ADHD screening and stratification of executive function (EF) deficits. Children and adolescents (<19 years) with ADHD (n=323) were recruited from two tertiary South Korean hospitals between April and October 2022. Retinal photographs of age- and sex-matched individuals with typical development were retrospectively collected. Individuals with major psychiatric disorders, neurological illnesses, and eye diseases affecting the retinal fundus were excluded. Retinal features were extracted using AutoMorph. Machine learning models for ADHD screening and EF subdomain prediction were developed using the comprehensive attention test. Model performance was evaluated via five-fold cross-validation with metrics including the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC), sensitivity, and specificity. Feature importance was assessed using the Shapely additive explanation method. We analyzed 1,108 fundus photographs from 648 participants (mean age 9.5 years, 77.1% boys). ADHD screening models achieved 0.955–0.969 AUROC values, with vessel density as the most important feature. For EF function stratification, the visual and auditory subdomains showed strong (AUROC >0.85) and poor performances, respectively. Machine learning analysis of retinal fundus photographs demonstrated potential as a noninvasive biomarker for ADHD screening and EF deficit stratification in the visual attention domain. Furthermore, alterations in the retinal vascular structure and optic disc characteristics indicate a neurodevelopmental process affecting both cerebral and retinal structures, potentially reflecting systemic changes in ADHD. Our findings may guide the development of innovative screening tools and personalized treatment approaches. However, further research across diverse populations and age groups is necessary to validate these findings before clinical implementation.
The impact of a 1 mm interimplant distance on the interproximal crestal bone height. A case report with a 10-year follow-up and literature review
Authors: Schwarz David Morales , Szmukler-Moncler Serge , Melendez Hilde Morales , Beuer Florian 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background Between adjacent dental implants, an interimplant distance (IID) of at least 3 mm has been recommended to avoid resorbing the interproximal crestal bone. The effect of a 2 mm IID on crestal bone loss has been investigated but the literature is scarce when it comes to an IID of 1 mm. There is a need to document such clinical situations when they occur and elucidate if such a narrow IID is deleterious or not to the interproximal crest. The present case deals with an IID of 1 mm in the premolar area where, for the first time, the fate of an interimplant crest is reported after a 10-year follow-up.Case presentation : A 57-year-old patient attended with 2 hopeless maxillary premolars. The mesio-distal space available for implant rehabilitation was too narrow to receive standard diameter implants and keep an inter-implant distance (IID) of 3 mm as recommended by accepted guidelines. A protocol of immediate implant placement and provisionalization involving 2 implants of Ø 3.5 mm was implemented; placement in the extraction sockets resulted in an IID of 1 mm. After 3 months of healing the final prosthesis was delivered; the patient has been followed for 10 years now. Surprisingly, the findings showed that the interimplant crest was maintained 1.40 mm coronal to the shoulder of the neck of the implants. Bone completely filled the space between the prosthetic concave abutments and the interproximal papilla was closing the embrasure. The literature reports only 2 experimental studies involving a 1 mm IID; both showed that this did not lead to the resorption of the interproximal bone.Conclusions Unexpectedly, the present case with an IID of 1 mm did not lead to the resorption of the interproximal bone after 10 years. It is speculated that the reason for that is due to the implants displaying an internal conical connection, the platform-switching feature, concave abutments and subcrestal placement. The fate of the interproximal crest of implants placed with an IID of 1 mm lacks scientific evidence. More studies are warranted to elucidate this question in order to propose the best implant treatment in cases displaying a limited mesio-distal space.