bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Randomized Clinical Trial to Compare Plaque Inhibition of a Sodium Fluoride/Potassium Nitrate Dentifrice versus a Stabilized Stannous Fluoride/ Sodium Hexametaphosphate Dentifrice
Authors: Barker Matthew L. , Bellamy Philip G. , Khera Nichelle , Day Trevor N. , Mussett Andrew J. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Aim
To compare the plaque inhibition efficacy of a sodium fluoride/potassium nitrate (NaF/KNO3 with 1450 ppm F) test dentifrice to a 0.454% stannous fluoride/sodium hexametaphosphate/sodium fluoride positive control dentifrice (SnF2/SHMP with 1450 ppm F).

Methods and Materials
Twenty-five subjects were randomized to a two-period, two-treatment, double blind crossover sequence using NaF/KNO3 (Sensodyne® ProNamel™ dentifrice) and SnF2/SHMP (blend-a-med®* EXPERT GUMS PROTECTION dentifrice). Each treatment was conducted with a standard manual toothbrush (Oral-B® P35 Indicator). Digital plaque image analysis (DPIA) was used on three consecutive days to evaluate: (a) overnight plaque formation (A.M. pre-brushing); (b) following 40 seconds of brushing with the test product (A.M. post-brushing); and (c) mid-afternoon (P.M.). Images were analysed using an objective computer algorithm to calculate the total area of visible plaque. A four-day washout period was instituted for the crossover phase.

Results
All 25 subjects completed the study. The SnF2/SHMP positive control dentifrice provided statistically significantly lower levels of plaque area coverage versus the NaF/KNO3 test dentifrice at each timepoint. For the SnF2/SHMP dentifrice, plaque coverage was 23.0% lower (p<0.0001) at A.M. pre-brushing, 17.3% (p=0.0163) lower at A.M. post-brushing, and 22.6% (p= 0.0004) lower at the P.M. measure relative to the NaF/KNO3 dentifrice.

Conclusion
The SnF2/SHMP dentifrice (blend-a-med® EXPERT GUMS PROTECTION) inhibits plaque regrowth both overnight and during the day to a significantly greater degree than the NaF/KNO3 dentifrice (Sensodyne® ProNamel™).

Clinical Significance
Dentists recommending an effective home use dentifrice for patients experiencing dentinal hypersensitivity and/or dental erosion may previously have needed to compromise on other key benefits, such as plaque control. blend-a-med® EXPERT GUMS PROTECTION is a dentifrice when integrated into an oral hygiene routine can provide a proven treatment for hypersensitivity, dental erosion, and a reduction in the regrowth of plaque.

Citation
Bellamy PG, Khera N, Day TN, Barker ML, Mussett AJ. A Randomized Clinical Trial to Compare Plaque Inhibition of a Sodium Fluoride/Potassium Nitrate Dentifrice versus a Stabilized Stannous Fluoride/ Sodium Hexametaphosphate Dentifrice. J Contemp Dent Pract 2009 March; (10)2:001-009.
* Also branded Crest® and Ipana, depending on the country.
Overdenture as a Restorative Option for Hypocalcified-hypoplastic Amelogenesis imperfecta: A Case Report
Authors: Baräo Valentim Adelino Ricardo , Assunção Wirley Gonçalves , Kanno Claudia Misue , Saito Célia Tomiko Matida Hamata , Delben Juliana Aparecida 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Aim
The aim of this report is to describe the restorative treatment of an 18-year-old patient diagnosed with autossomal recessive hypocalcified-hypoplastic amelogenesis imperfect (AI).

Background
Esthetic and functional rehabilitations in AI cases are challenging and should consider individual aspects, such as age, socioeconomic status, AI type, and intraoral condition.

Report
AI was diagnosed in an 18-year-old patient.

Summary
Considering the short length of crowns and roots, patient life expectancy, minimal invasiveness, amount of treatment time required, and lower costs, oral rehabilitation with overdentures provided an adequate functional and esthetic rehabilitation of the patient.

Clinical Significance
This report demonstrated overdentures to be a viable, relatively inexpensive, and noninvasive treatment choice of a patient with AI with concerns about treatment longevity, invasiveness, cost, esthetics, and long-term maintenance.

Citation
Assunção WG, Barão VAR, Kanno CM, Saito CTMH, Delben JA. Overdenture as a Restorative Option for Hypocalcified-hypoplastic Amelogenesis imperfecta: A Case Report. J Contemp Dent Pract 2009 May; (10)3:067-073.
Effects of Surface Texture and Etching Time on Roughness and Bond Strength to Ground Enamel
Authors: Reis Andre Figueiredo , Aguiar Flávio Henrique Baggio , Giannini Marcelo , Pereira Patricia Nóbrega Rodrigues 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Aim
The aim of this study was to assess the influence of surface texture and etching technique on surface roughness (Ra) and bond strength (BS) to enamel and to determine if a correlation exists between them.

Methods and Materials
Fifty enamel blocks were either roughened with 600-grit SiC paper or polished with diamond pastes. After establishing ten test groups (n=5), the initial Ra measurements, rough (R) and smooth (S) enamel surfaces were etched according to the following protocols: Group 1(R)/Group 2(S)- 35% phosphoric acid gel (H3PO4) for 15 seconds; Group 3(R)/Group 4(S)- 35% H3PO4 for 60 seconds; Group 5(R)/Group 6(S)- Clearfil SE Bond primer for 20 seconds; Group 7(R)/Group 8(S)- self-etching primer (SEP) for 60 seconds; Group 9(R)/ Group 10(S)- 35% H3PO4 for 15 seconds + SEP for 20 seconds. After treatments, a new Ra measurement was performed and enamel surfaces were bonded with either Single Bond (Group 1 to Group 4) or Clearfil SE Bond (Group 5 to Group 10). Afterwards, specimens were prepared for the microtensile test. Ra values were analyzed using repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the BS values were analyzed using a two-way ANOVA and Tukey test (5%). Correlation between BS and Ra values was assessed using the Pearson's test.

Results
The application of SEP produced the lowest Ra values. No significant difference was detected between the BS values of polished and rough surfaces. No correlation was observed between Ra and BS values. Even though etching enamel with the SEP resulted in a surface with less roughness, similar BS values were observed for both self-etching and etch-and-rinse techniques.

Conclusion
Within the limits of this study increasing the etching time or combining both etching techniques failed to improve the BS using SEP or etch-and-rinse systems.

Clinical Significance
Based on the findings of this study, there is no clinical justification for increasing the etching time or for combining the use of a SEP following the use of a 35% H3PO4 etchant to achieve a greater BS to ground enamel.

Citation
Reis AF, Aguiar FHB, Pereira PNR, Giannini M. Effects of Surface Texture and Etching Time on Roughness and Bond Strength to Ground Enamel. J Contemp Dent Pract 2009 July; (10)4:017-025.
Complications of Tongue Piercing: A Review of the Literature and Three Case Reports
Authors: Hornecker Else , Mausberg Rainer F. , Ziebolz Dirk , Stuehmer Constantin , van Nüss Katrin 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Aim
The aims of this review of the literature are to offer further insights into possible problems related to tongue piercing and present three case reports showing undesired effects of tongue piercing.

Background
From a dental perspective, oral piercings and especially tongue piercings are not a harmless fashion trend since they can be associated with local and systemic risks and complications. A search of the literature was conducted to investigate the documentation of health risks associated with tongue piercing using the MEDLINE database as well as the German literature.

Review Results
The literature contains numerous case reports, a limited number of studies, and a review describing a wide variety of complications, especially in patients who have undergone tongue piercing. In the majority of cases, the piercing of the tongue is performed in the midline. Piercings are made of different materials, usually metal or synthetic materials. Complications during piercing, immediately following piercing, as well as long term were found.

Conclusions
The three cases presented here demonstrate some of those adverse effects. The most commonly described oral complication is the damage of teeth and the periodontium caused by tongue piercings. Tongue piercing is a personal decision, but it is important that patients are fully aware of possible oral health hazards.

Clinical Significance
Patients need better information on the potential complications associated with tongue piercing. Dental practitioners should educate patients about potential side effects and possible oral, dental, and systemic complications.

Citation
Ziebolz D, Stuehmer C, van Nüss K, Hornecke E, Mausberg RF. Complications of Tongue Piercing: A Review of the Literature and Three Case Reports. J Contemp Dent Pract [Internet]. 2009 Nov: 10(6):065-071. Available from: http://www.thejcdp.com/journal/view/ volume10-issue6-ziebolz.
Double-Blind Randomized Clinical Trial of Posterior Composite Restorations with and without Bevel: 6-Month Follow-up
Authors: Coelho-de-Souza Fabio Herrmann , Klein-Júnior Celso Afonso , Camargo Junara Cristina , Beskow Tiago , Balestrin Matheus Dalmolin , Demarco Flávio Fernando 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Aim
This double-blind randomized clinical trial compared the performance of posterior composite restorations with and without bevel.

Methods and Materials
Thirteen volunteers requiring at least two posterior Class II restorations were selected. Twenty-nine cavity preparations were performed, comprising 14 without bevel (butt joint) and 15 with marginal beveling. All cavities were restored with a simplified adhesive system (Adper Single Bond, 3M ESPE, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA) and composite resin (Filtek P60, 3M ESPE, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA). A halogen light-curing unit (XL 3000, 3M ESPE, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA) was used throughout the study. Restorations were polished immediately. Analysis was carried out at baseline and after six months by a calibrated evaluator (kappa), according to FDI criteria.

Results
The results were statistically analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests (p<0.05). Beveled and nonbeveled restorations performed similarly after six months in relation to fractures and retention, marginal adaptation, postoperative hypersensitivity, recurrence of caries, surface luster, and anatomic form. However, for surface and marginal staining, beveled restorations showed significantly better performance than butt joint restorations (p<0.05).

Conclusion
Restorations performed were acceptable after six months, but beveled restorations showed less marginal staining than nonbeveled restorations.

Clinical Significance
Bevel used in posterior composite restorations decreased the surface and marginal staining, in six-month evaluations.

Citation
Coelho-de-Souza FH, Klein-Júnior CA, Camargo JC, Beskow T, Balestrin MD, Demarco FF. Double-Blind Randomized Clinical Trial of Posterior Composite Restorations with and without Bevel: 6-Month Follow-up. J Contemp Dent Pract [Internet]. 2010 March; 11(2):001-008. Available from: http://www.thejcdp.com/journal/view/ volume11-issue2-souza.
Evaluation of Periodontal Status in Subjects with Hyperlipidemia
Authors: Awartani Fatin , Atassi Farhed 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Aim
The aim of this study was to evaluate the periodontal status in subjects with hyperlipidemia and to determine whether there is any association between hyperlipidemia and periodontal disease.

Methods and Materials
Sixty female patients were enrolled in the study; group one is hyperlipidemic patients (30 subjects) and group 2 is systemically fit patients within the same age group (control; 30 subjects). In both groups body mass index (BMI) and clinical parameters were measured; plaque index (PI), bleeding on probing (BOP), pocket depth (PPD) as well as clinical attachment level (CAL) and biochemical parameters, including plasma triglyceride, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels, were evaluated.

Results
The mean values of BMI, PPD, CAL, PI (%), and BOP (%) for the hyperlipidemia group were significantly higher than those for the control group. Total cholesterol and LDL-C levels were significantly and positively associated with CAL. Plasma triglyceride level was significantly associated with PPD and CAL.

Conclusions
The results of our study showed that female patients with hyperlipidemia had higher values of periodontal parameters compared to control individuals. However, in the future studies with larger sample sizes in mixed gender populations are needed to determine the association between hyperlipidemia and periodontal disease.

Clinical Significance
The results of our study showed that female patients with hyperlipidemia might manifest clinically higher values of periodontal parameters compared to nonlipdemic individuals. However, due to the small sample size of this study the exact association between hyperlipidemia and periodontal disease is still uncertain. Care has to be taken with a hyperlipidemia patients and advice can be given to them for periodic periodontal checkup.

Citation
Awartani F, Atassi F. Evaluation of Periodontal Status in Subjects with Hyperlipidemia. J Contemp Dent Pract [Internet]. 2010 March; 11(2):033-040. Available from: http:// www.thejcdp.com/journal/view/volume11-issue2- awartani.
Endodontic Treatment of a Mandibular Second Premolar with Three Root Canals
Authors: Aguiar Carlos , Mendes Daniela , Câmara Andréa , Figueiredo Jose 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Aim
The purpose of this case report is to describe a nonsurgical endodontic treatment of a mandibular left second premolar with two separate roots and three distinct root canals.

Background
In endodontics, the possible existence of extra canals must be considered before endodontic treatment is instituted. A wide morphological variation of the root canal system is known to exist.

Case Description
A 36-year-old male patient was referred for endodontic treatment on the left mandibular second premolar. Radiographic examination of the involved tooth revealed an unusual, complex root canal anato my. There was an irregular root morphology consisting of two distinct roots and three canals.

Summary
This case report describes the successful nonsurgical endodontic treatment of a mandibular left second premolar with two separate roots and three distinct root canals filled using size 35 Thermafil guttapercha carriers and AH Plus sealer. On the one-year follow-up radiograph, the tooth was asymptomatic, confirming adequate healing with no complications.

Clinical Significance
Even in a tooth with an extremely complex root canal morphology, conventional endodontic treatment without surgical intervention can result in adequate healing without any complications.

Citation
Aguiar C, Mendes D, Câmara A, Figueiredo J. Endodontic Treatment of a Mandibular Second Premolar with Three Root Canals. J Contemp Dent Pract [Internet]. 2010 March; 11(2):078-084. Available from: http://www.thejcdp. com/journal/view/volume11-issue2-aguiar.
The Prevalence and Risks of Early Childhood Caries (ECC) in Toronto, Canada
Authors: Al-Jewair Thikriat , Leake James L. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Aim
To determine the prevalence and risks of early childhood caries (ECC) among children less than 71 months of age in Toronto, Canada, and to evaluate the association between parental/ caregiver depression and ECC.

Methods and Materials
A secondary analysis of data previously collected by the Toronto Public Health as part of the 2003 Toronto Perinatal and Child Health Survey was performed. The 90-item survey was conducted over the telephone to 1,000 families with children from zero years (birth) to six years of age. Parents/caregivers were asked about factors related to the development and health of their children. For this study, only children younger than six years of age (less than 71 months) were included (n=833). The primary outcome of interest was self-reported and measured by the response to the question of whether a physician/dentist had ever told the parent/caregiver his/her child had ECC.

Results
The prevalence of ECC was 4.7 percent (37 of 791 children). The child's age, his/her history of dental visits, teeth brushing, the use of fluoridated toothpaste, the parent's/caregiver's depressive tendencies, the language spoken at home, and the household annual income were all significant in the bivariate analysis. Multiple logistic regression identified four factors associated with ECC: the child's age (being three years of age or older), having at least one parent/ caregiver with depression, not speaking English at home, and having an annual household income less than $40,000 in Canadian dollars (CAD).

Conclusion
While a child's age, home language, and household income are known risks for ECC, the finding that parental/caregiver depression may be related to ECC is new.

Clinical Significance
Multiple risk factors are involved in the development of early childhood caries. Of particular importance are demographic (e.g., child's age), social (e.g., annual household income), and psychosocial factors (e.g., parental/ caregiver depression) that are indirectly linked to ECC. More attention needs to be placed on understanding the role and process by which these factors influence the development of ECC.

Citation
Al-Jewair TS, Leake JL. The Prevalence and Risks of Early Childhood Caries (ECC) in Toronto, Canada. J Contemp Dent Pract [Internet]. 2010 October; 11(5):001-008. Available from: http://www.thejcdp.com/journal/view/ volume11-issue5-al-jewair
Clinical Evaluation of Bonded Amalgam Restorations in Endodontically Treated Premolar Teeth: A One-Year Evaluation
Authors: Moosavi Horieh , Ahrari Farzaneh , Nojoomian Mahsima 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Aim
The aim of this clinical study was to compare the fracture resistance, marginal adaptation, and rate of recurrent caries of bonded and nonbonded amalgam restorations in endodontically treated premolar teeth.

Methods and Materials
A total of 36 patients with endodontically treated maxillary first or second premolars were selected and divided into three groups. The treatments in all groups consisted of lingual cusp coverage and cementation of a prefabricated intracanal post (No. 2 long, Dentatus USA, New York, NY, USA). One type of cavity liner was used for each group as follows: copal varnish (Group A), Amalgambond Plus (Group B), and Scotchbond Multi-Purpose (Group C). The teeth were then restored with Cinalux high-copper spherical amalgam (Cinalux, Sh. Dr Faghihi Dental Co., Tehran, Iran). After one year, fracture resistance, marginal adaptation, and secondary caries were evaluated. Fischer's exact test was used for statistical analysis using a 0.05 percent significance level.

Results
There was no significant difference among groups with respect to fracture resistance (p=0.49). However, significant differences in marginal adaptation existed among the three groups (p=0.02) and no recurrent caries were found in any of the restored teeth.

Conclusion
Bonding amalgam restorations using Amalgambond Plus and Scotchbond Multi-Purpose Plus did not improve the fracture resistance or affect the resistance to secondary caries in endodontically treated premolar teeth. However, the teeth in both these bonded groups showed significant improvement in marginal adaptation compared with restorations placed with copal varnish (p=0.02).

Clinical Significance
Amalgambond Plus or Scotchbond Multi-Purpose adhesive resins significantly improved marginal adaptation of amalgam compared with copal varnish, but did not enhance fracture resistance or affect the prevention of secondary caries.

Citation
Ahrari F, Nojoomian M, Moosavi H. Clinical Evaluation of Bonded Amalgam Restorations in Endodontically Treated Premolar Teeth: A One-Year Evaluation. J Contemp Dent Pract [Internet]. 2010 October; 11(5):009-016. Available from: http://www.thejcdp.com/journal/ view/volume11-issue5-moosavi
Evaluation of Surface Roughness of Microhybrid and Nanofilled Composites after pH-Cycling and Simulated Toothbrushing
Authors: Tonholo Josealdo , Penteado Roberta Alves Pinto Moura , Júnior José Ginaldo , de Andrade Silva Milton Fernando , da Silva Queiroz Celso , Cavalli Vanessa , Rego Marcos Augusto do , Liporoni Priscila Christiane Suzy 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Aim
This study evaluated the surface roughness patterns of two resin-based composite restorative materials, a microhybrid (Filtek Z250, 3M ESPE) and a nanofilled (Filtek Supreme, 3M ESPE), subjected to a regimen that simulated dynamic pH-cycling and toothbrushing.

Methods and Materials
Twelve standardized cylindrical specimens of each resin-based composite material were prepared, finished, and mechanically polished. The experimental units were submitted to a pH-cycling regimen followed by 50,000 toothbrushing cycles, after which the surface roughness was measured using an atomic force microscope (AFM). AFM surface roughness was evaluated at three intervals: (1) immediately after specimen preparation (baseline), (2) after pH-cycling, and (3) after simulated toothbrushing. The results were then analyzed using a split-plot design and followed by linear regression and a Tukey's test at a significance level of p<0.05.

Results
The results obtained indicated that simulated toothbrushing provoked a remarkable increase in surface roughness for both types of composite resins tested (p=0.0031). However, pH-cycling did not alter the surface of the composite under the conditions of this experiment.

Conclusions
Based on the results obtained, it was concluded that simulated toothbrushing was capable of increasing the surface roughness of the microhybrid (Filtek Z250) and the nanofilled (Filtek Supreme) composites tested.

Clinical Significance
Surface roughness of nanofilled and microhybrid composites is significantly increased after toothbrushing, although pH-cycling, as tested in this study, does not appear to affect the morphology of either composite material.

Citation
Penteado RAPM, Tonholo J, Ginaldo Júnior J, Silva MFA, Queiroz CS, Cavalli V, Rego MA, Liporoni PCS. Evaluation of Surface Roughness of Microhybrid and Nanofilled Composites after pH-Cycling and Simulated Toothbrushing. J Contemp Dent Pract [Internet]. 2010 December; 11(6):017-024. Available from: http://www.thejcdp.com/journal/view/volume11- issue6-liporoni