bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Advanced soil improvement methods using DSM and stone columns for reducing settlement in logistics facilities considering construction stages
Authors: Milev Nikolay Yordanov 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The construction of large-scale logistics facilities often encounters geotechnical challenges, particularly when poor soil conditions threaten the stability and integrity of the structure. This paper investigates advanced soil improvement methods, specifically Deep Soil Mixing (DSM) and stone columns, as solutions for reducing settlement in logistics facilities. The case study focuses on a warehouse and logistics base in the Sofia region of Bulgaria, where a precast reinforced concrete superstructure will cover an area of 66,440 m². Approximately 17,000 m² of the site is underlain by silty clay with poor mechanical properties to a depth of twelve meters, necessitating effective soil stabilization. A detailed analytical solution was performed, considering the history of applying loads and construction phases. By accounting for settlement mobilized during construction and subsequent application of variable loads, this approach avoids over-conservative results typical of applying all loads simultaneously. This study presents a comparative analysis of DSM and stone columns, evaluating their implementation and performance in enhancing soil strength and reducing settlement. The findings demonstrate that both methods significantly improve soil conditions, ensuring the long-term stability and functionality of the logistics facility. This research contributes valuable insights into geotechnical engineering practices for similar large-scale infrastructure projects.
A statement on the ongoing genocide in Gaza
Authors:   The CCC Editorial Collective, Bauer A J , Aouragh Miriyam , Chakravartty Paula , Cowen Deborah , Dixon-Román Ezekiel J , Hochberg Gil , Chávez Karma R , Fenton Natalie , Gago Verónica , Kuo Rachel , Matar Dina , Mohammed Wunpini Fatimata , de Almeida Fernanda Pinto , Roy Srirupa , Sterne Jonathan 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Communication, Culture and Critique has been the leading venue for critical approaches to communication and media studies. This issue marks the first guided by a newly formed Editorial Collective, which seeks to rekindle the politically engaged scholarship epitomized by the Centre for Contemporary Cultural Studies at Birmingham University in the 1970s, then under the leadership of Stuart Hall. As we assume our responsibility to guide this journal and impact our fields, we would be remiss to ignore the glaring epicenter of the prevailing global order’s efforts to reproduce itself: the State of Israel’s ongoing campaign of genocide against Palestinians in Gaza and its gradual expansion into the West Bank. As scholars of communication, media, culture, and technology, we cannot remain silent nor neutral in the face of livestreamed genocidal violence. We invite scholars of conscience to join us in calls for ceasefire and divestment against Israeli apartheid.
Treatment of Early Pregnancy Loss With Mifepristone and Misoprostol Compared With Misoprostol Only
Authors: Friedman Matan , Mor Liat , Shazar Rotem , Paul Natalie , Kerner Ram , Keidar Ran , Sagiv Ron , Gluck Ohad 
Published: December 2024

OBJECTIVE:
To compare the rates of treatment failure in cases of early pregnancy loss between mifepristone–misoprostol and misoprostol only.

METHODS:
This retrospective cohort study included patients who received medical treatment for early pregnancy loss between 2016 and 2023 at a single medical center. Patients returned for a follow-up ultrasonogram after 1 week and were treated again with misoprostol if needed. Finally, they were instructed to obtain an ultrasonogram after menstruation and to return for evaluation in case retained product of conception was suspected. We defined treatment failure as needing any surgical intervention because of retained product of conception, including cases when retained product of conception was diagnosed and treated after menstruation. In May 2022, we changed our protocol for treating early pregnancy loss from misoprostol to mifepristone and misoprostol. We compared the failure rate between patients who received mifepristone–misoprostol and those treated with misoprostol only.

RESULTS:
A total of 999 patients were included: 224 in the mifepristone–misoprostol group and 775 in the misoprostol-only group. The rate of treatment failure was significantly lower in the mifepristone–misoprostol group compared with the misoprostol-only group (17.8% vs 25.1%, P=.002). After multivariant analysis was performed, the use of mifepristone and misoprostol was associated with a reduction of 34% in the odds ratio for treatment failure compared with misoprostol alone (adjusted odds ratio 0.661, 95% CI, 0.44–0.97, P=.038). In addition, prior vaginal delivery was associated with a lower risk for treatment failure, and increasing gestational age (according to ultrasonogram) was correlated with a higher risk for treatment failure.

CONCLUSION:
The addition of mifepristone to misoprostol was associated with a significantly lower rate of treatment failure, including late surgical intervention for early pregnancy loss, compared with misoprostol alone.
Necrotizing Fasciitis in a 9-year-old Girl
Authors: Kattan Abdullah E. , AlQahtani Maha S. , Sultan Faris A. , Alshaalan Sultan F. , Alkhars Hussam F. , Alblawi Housen K. , Al Mulhim Naif A. 
Published: December 2024

Summary:
This report describes a rare case of necrotizing fasciitis (NF) in a previously healthy 9-year-old girl, emphasizing the complexities and urgent needs associated with its diagnosis and treatment in children. NF, a severe soft-tissue infection characterized by rapid progression and often fatal outcomes, presents diagnostic challenges owing to nonspecific initial symptoms such as pain, erythema, and edema. This patient presented to the emergency department with fever, arm redness, and blisters after the initial discharge with antibiotics from another facility. Despite the lack of clear historical indicators for the cause, the clinical and laboratory findings, including a high Laboratory Risk Indicator for Necrotizing Fasciitis (LRINEC) score of 9, led to immediate surgical intervention. Treatment included multiple sessions of surgical debridement and broad-spectrum antibiotics, culminating in successful skin grafting. This case underscores the importance of high clinical suspicion and prompt surgical consultation to manage potential NF, mainly when the initial symptoms may be misleading. This report highlights the critical need for early recognition and aggressive treatment to improve the prognosis of pediatric cases of NF.
Fat Embolism Fatalities Following Liposuction/Injection in Los Angeles County (2010–2018)
Authors: Rogers Christopher , Astarita Denis , Sathyavagiswaran Lakshmanan , Pazmiño Patrick , Ramírez-Montañana Arturo 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
One complication of autologous fat transfer into the buttocks (cosmetic injection of fat into the gluteal region) is inadvertent fat embolization. In 2015, our office published a case of macro fat/adipose tissue embolization following fat transfer surgery. Between 2010 and 2018, we had six additional cases of macro/micro fat embolism that caused death. Professional associations and plastic surgeons have recommended ways to avoid fat embolism during fat transfer. In our experience, the risk of fat embolism has decreased in Los Angeles in recent years. Our office has had only one case since 2018 where an unlicensed individual performed the procedure. However, fat embolism is still possible in cases where professional recommendations are not followed. We recommend that the evaluation of possible fat embolus cases include full autopsy with gluteal dissection, microscopic examination of intravascular fat, review of medical and anesthesia records, including whether ultrasound was used during fat grafting, toxicological examination of specimens taken as close to the time of arrest as possible, and anesthesiology consultation.
Invasion in Advanced Gastric Cancer Based on Enhanced Computer Tomography Radiomics Nomogram
Authors: Wang Fan , Hou Qiang , Jiao Junxia , Cheng Huacai , Cui Qiang 
Published: December 2024

Objective
To evaluate the efficacy of an enhanced computed tomography (CT) radiomics nomogram in predicting preoperative lymphovascular invasion (LVI) or perineural invasion (PNI) in patients with advanced gastric cancer (GC).

Materials and Methods
Data from 149 patients with GC from our hospital (January 2019 to December 2022) were analyzed. High throughput radiomics features were extracted from manually delineated volumes of interest on enhanced CT venous phase images. Optimal features were identified using intraclass correlation coefficient analysis and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator. Models were constructed using the radiomics score (Rad-score), the above features, and independent risk factors. Performance was assessed via the receiver operating characteristic, decision curve analysis and calibration curves.

Results
Eight radiomics features were deemed essential. Factors including history of alcohol consumption (P = 0.029), peritumor fatty infiltration (P = 0.046), degree of enhancement (P = 0.012), and Rad-score (P < 0.001) were significant predictors of LVI/PNI. The radiomics nomogram, which integrated these factors, showed superior prediction (the training group: area under the curve [AUC] = 0.917; the validation group: AUC = 0.925) compared with other models.

Conclusion
The enhanced CT radiomics nomogram offers robust preoperative prediction for LVI/PNI in patients with GC.
Intralesional Copper Wire or Needle Retention in Vascular Anomalies. A Systematic Review
Authors: Todaro Mattia , Saponaro Gianmarco , Moix Gil Xavier , Ascani Giuliano , Gasparini Giulio , Azzuni Francesca , Lajolo Carlo , Moro Alessandro 
Published: December 2024

Objective:
The management of vascular anomalies has evolved from primarily surgical approaches to a comprehensive strategy including sclerotherapy, surgery for specific cases, compression, and laser therapy, which are not always successful. An intriguing, though less common, treatment involves using intralesional copper wires/needles. The authors' aim is to evaluate the role of intralesional copper wires/needles in the treatment of vascular anomalies.

Methods:
A literature search was performed in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar for all papers dealing with the use of copper wires or needles for vascular malformations, using the search strings: (copper wire vascular malformation OR copper needle and vascular malformation OR percutaneous copper needles OR percutaneous copper wires).

Results:
Nine articles were identified and used for analysis. Most studies were case series with short follow-up periods and lacked an objective and systematic evaluation score.

Conclusions:
Copper wire therapy shows considerable promise as a treatment for vascular anomalies, offering significant benefits in terms of cost-effectiveness and safety. However, the current research is limited, necessitating further studies to establish standardized protocols and optimize therapeutic outcomes. This therapy holds the potential as a valuable addition to the range of treatments available for vascular anomalies.
Early and concomitant administration of norepinephrine and ilomedin improves microcirculatory perfusion without impairing macrocirculation in an intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury swine model : a randomized experimental trial
Authors: Bar Stéphane , Diaper John , Fontao Fabienne , Belin Xavier , Abrard Stanislas , Albu Gergely , Dupont Hervé , Habre Walid , Schiffer Eduardo 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background
Intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury is associated with both macrocirculatory and microcirculatory failure. Association of a vasoconstrictor in combination with a vasodilator such as ilomedin may improve macrocirculation parameters, microcirculation perfusion and reduce endothelial dysfunction. The primary objective was to demonstrate a difference in mean arterial pressure (MAP) after intestinal reperfusion with the concomitant administration of norepinephrine and ilomedin during ischemia compared with traditional hemodynamic treatment strategies (fluid resuscitation and vasopressors only). Secondary objectives were to demonstrate an improvement in peripheral and intestinal microcirculatory perfusion and endothelial dysfunction after intestinal reperfusion using this association.

Methods
We conducted a randomized preclinical trial in twenty-one large white pigs, in which a 2-hour small bowel ischemia was performed using a segmental mesenteric occlusion model, followed by a 2-hour reperfusion. Pigs were randomized into 3 groups: goal directed fluid therapy, early administration of norepinephrine before reperfusion and early administration of ilomedin and norepinephrine before reperfusion. Macrocirculatory (MAP and Cardiac Index (CI)), microcirculatory (Sublingual with SideStream Dark Field system and intestinal hemoglobin oxygen saturation with hyperspectral imaging (HSI)) measurements and biological analysis (biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction) were performed.

Results
There were no significant differences in the MAP (p = 0.499) and the CI (p = 0.659) between the 3 groups. Perfused Vessel Density (PVD) in sublingual microcirculation was significantly higher immediately after reperfusion and 2 hours after reperfusion in the early administration of ilomedin and norepinephrine group compared with the other 2 groups (p < 0.05). Hemoglobin oxygen saturation measured at the intestinal level was significantly higher immediately after reperfusion in the early administration of ilomedin and norepinephrine group compared with the other 2 groups (p < 0.01). There were no significant differences in biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction between the 3 groups. Creatinine, AST and alkaline phosphatases increased significantly 2 hours after reperfusion in the early administration of ilomedin and norepinephrine group compared with baseline (p < 0.05).

Conclusions
Early administration of norepinephrine and ilomedin during ischemia improved short-term post-reperfusion sublingual and intestinal microcirculation without worsening macrocirculatory parameters in an intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury model. However, use of this strategy seemed to worsen both liver and kidney function.
Surgical Insight-guided Deep Learning for Colorectal Lesion Management
Authors: Tatar Ozan Can , Çubukçu Anil 
Published: December 2024

Background:
Colonoscopy stands as a pivotal diagnostic tool in identifying gastrointestinal diseases, including potentially malignant tumors. The procedure, however, faces challenges in the precise identification of lesions during visual inspections. The recent strides in AI and machine learning technologies have opened avenues for enhanced medical imaging analysis, including in the field of colonoscopy.

Methods:
In this study, we developed and evaluated a deep learning (DL) model, ColoNet, for detecting lesions in colonoscopic images. We analyzed 1760 images from 306 patients who underwent colorectal surgery between 2009 and 2022, meeting specific inclusion criteria. These images were used to train and validate ColoNet, employing the YOLOv8 architecture and various data augmentation techniques. Deep learning metrics are assessed via YOLO architecture and trained model diagnostic accuracy was assessed via sensitivity, specifity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value.

Results:
Our results from the validation dataset revealed a precision of 0.79604, a recall of 0.78086, an mAP50 of 0.83243, and an mAP50-95 of 0.4439. In addition, on a separate real-time dataset of 91 images consisting both healthy and suspect lesions, ColoNet achieved a sensitivity of 70.73%, specificity of 92.00%, positive predictive value (PPV) of 87.88%, and negative predictive value (NPV) of 79.31%. The positive and negative likelihood ratios were 8.84 and 0.32, respectively, with an overall accuracy of 82.42%.

Conclusions:
In conclusion, our model has demonstrated promising results, indicating its potential as a valuable tool to assist surgeons during colonoscopy procedures. Its ability to detect suspicious lesions with potential malignancy offers a noteworthy advancement in the early diagnosis and management of colorectal cancers. Further multicentric, prospective research and validation are warranted to fully realize its clinical applicability and impact.
Factors Affecting Liver Function Abnormalities After Laparoscopic Esophageal Hiatal Hernia Repair
Authors: Wu Jin , Feng Hao , Wang Zhen-Yuan , Li Jie 
Published: December 2024

Objective:
In this study, we investigated the factors related to abnormal liver function in patients undergoing laparoscopic esophageal hiatal hernia repair.

Methods:
The clinical data of 347 patients who underwent elective laparoscopic esophageal hiatal hernia repair at Beijing Chao-yang Hospital of Capital Medical University between January 2018 and November 2023 were retrospectively collected. The patients comprised 131 males and 216 females, ranging in age from 24 to 87 years, and were assessed using the ASA grading system between grades I and III. The patients were divided into 2 groups based on the presence or absence of liver function abnormalities on the first day after surgery: a normal liver function group (NLA group) and an abnormal liver function group (LA group). Patients with elevation in any of the following indicators were included in the LA group: alanine aminotransferase >40 U/L, glutamine aminotransferase >40 U/L, γ-glutamyltransferase >49 U/L, alkaline phosphatase >135 U/L, total bilirubin >17.1 μmol/L, or direct bilirubin >6.8 μmol/L. The clinical data of the 2 groups of patients were compared, and only the indicators with a P-value <0.15 were included in a binary logistic regression model analysis.

Results:
There were 238 patients (68.6%) who developed liver function abnormalities on the first postoperative day. In comparison to the NLA group, the LA group had a significantly higher proportion of patients with esophageal hiatal hernia type II, type III, and type IV, hypotension, and high PETCO2. Furthermore, the LA group had a significantly lower proportion of patients receiving blood transfusions. The maximum length and maximum cross-sectional area of the esophageal hiatal hernia were also significantly larger in the LA group. In addition, the operation time was significantly longer in the LA group. (all P-values are <0.15). The binary logistic regression analysis revealed that prolonged operation time (OR=1.017, 95% CI: 1.007-1.028) was the only risk factor associated with postoperative liver function abnormalities.

Conclusions:
The sole risk factor for postoperative liver function abnormalities was prolonged surgical time.
Anti-Interleukin-23 Treatment Linked to ImprovedClostridioides difficileInfection Survival
Authors: Madden Gregory R. , Preissner Robert , Preissner Saskia , Petri William A. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractClostridioides difficileis a leading cause of healthcare associated infection and an unacceptably high proportion of patients withC. difficileinfection die despite conventional antibiotic treatment. Host-directed immunotherapy has been proposed as an ideal treatment modality forC. difficileinfection to mitigate the underlying toxin-mediated pathogenic immune response while sparing protective gut microbes. Interleukin-23 monoclonal antibody inhibitors are used extensively to control pro-inflammatory Th17 immune pathways in psoriasis and inflammatory bowel disease that are similarly important duringC. difficileinfection. We used a large retrospective electronic health record database to test the hypothesis that hospitalized patients withC. difficileinfection who are on anti-IL-23 treatment will have improved survival compared to patients without anti-IL-23. 9,301 anti-IL-23 patients had significantly lower probability of all-cause death within 30 days (0.54%) compared with 1:1 propensity-matched control patients (3.1%). IL-23 inhibition is a promising adjunct toC. difficiletreatment and further clinical trials repositioning anti-IL-23 monoclonal antibodies from psoriasis and inflammatory bowel disease toC. difficileinfection are warranted.
Validation of the Teamwork Perceptions Survey in the Operating Theatre
Authors: Fahey Kathryn H. , Weller Jennifer M. , Long Jennifer Anne 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBackgroundTeamwork is recognised as a vital factor in patient safety, and as such we need valid measurement tools to drive change. The aim of this study was to evaluate the validity of the Teamwork Perceptions Survey as a measure of staff perceptions of the functional and relational components of teamwork and leadership in the operating theatre.MethodsThe authors developed a 24-item questionnaire, aligned with the goals of a national team training intervention. The Teamwork Perceptions Survey was administered to New Zealand public hospital operating theatre staff before and after a hospital commencing the intervention. These scores were used to explore the psychometric properties of the tool, using Exploratory and Confirmatory Factor Analysis.Results2409 (1233 pre- and 176 post-intervention respondents) completed the Teamwork Perceptions Survey. Exploratory factor analysis revealed 3 factors (6 items, communication and shared mental model; 6 items, leadership and role modelling; 5 items, trust and accountability) and resulted in dropping 5 redundant items. The final 17-item, three factor solution was confirmed by confirmatory factor analysis, revealing satisfactory goodness of fit. Cronbach’s alpha was high for the full survey (α= 0.947), and each subscale (communication,α= 0.887; leadership, 6 items,α= 0.911; trust,α= 0.872).ConclusionsThese data provide evidence to support the validity and reliability of the Teamwork Perceptions Survey as a measure of staff perceptions of teamwork and leadership in the operating theatre. This new measurement tool for the functional and relational components of teamwork and leadership in the operating theatre has the potential for both measuring and driving quality improvement initiatives in teamwork and patient safety.SummaryWhat is already known on this topic– Whilst there are a number of established teamwork measurement tools, many completed by an external observer, or do not adequately address the unique operating theatre environment.What this study adds– This study supports the validity and reliability of a new measure of staff perceptions of the functional and relational components of teamwork and leadership in the operating theatre. It fills a previous gap in available measures in that it is self-completed and is designed for the operating theatre environment.How this study might affect research, practice or policy– The Teamwork Perceptions Survey has the potential for both measuring and driving quality improvement initiatives in teamwork and patient safety in surgical practice.