bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The exposure and toxic effects of mercury in gold mining activities
Authors: Eltaib Lina , Ali Salah Eldeen Taj Elser , Rikabi Hind 
Published: February 2019

Background: Mercury is used by artisanal — small-scale (ASM) gold miners throughout the World. In 2014, the Sudanese government produced over 60 tons of gold, which make Sudan ranked Africa's third-largest gold miner. Also, Sudan is ranked the 15th global producer. In 2015, over 1 million miners participated in gold mining and extraction. Objective: This study aimed to determine mercury health risk in Sudanese traditional gold mining activities area.
Method: This is an analytical cross-sectional observational stud. The studied population was from ALTWAHEN near ABUHAMED. Urine analysis was supported by epidemiological questionnaires designed by (EPI INFO software) following WHO guidelines. Eighty-six respondents completed the questionnaire. The mercury level was determined in 58 urine sample by Petroleum Laboratories Using Direct Mercury Analyzer DMA- 80 instrument. The epidemiological data were analyzed by (EPI INFO).
Result: 98% exceed concentration of 100 ug/L which contaminated concentration for occasionally exposed, mean urinary mercury concentration 2785 ug/L, the highest mercury concentration worldwide reported by our study 10250 ug/L, Symptoms in 58 patient showed as Problem finding correct word 46.6%, memory problem 27.6%, problem with thinking clearly 29.3%, nervousness 31%, sadness 46.5%, sexual problem 36.2%, headache 51.7%, excessive salivation 43%, drowsy 48.3%.
Conclusion: In this study, the highest urinary mercury concentration was reported (10250 ug/L) compared to other studies. Mercury concentration with no significant difference between the miner groups and others. Also, this study found high incidents of neurological symptoms associated with neurotoxicity. The problem with thinking significantly correlated to the age weighted by mercury concentration. Only tremor significantly related to the time living in the mining area. Otherwise, no significant relationship between mercury concentration ,symptoms and time living in the area.
Recommendation: conducting Interventional study by using chelation therapy, Gold miners should use safety tools, Activation of laws and conventions (MINAMATA convention).
Measurement and management of intellectual capital in higher education institutions
Authors: Acosta-Prado Julio César , Axtle-Ortiz Miguel Angel 
Published: February 2019

This article aims to analyze the weighting of the components of intellectual capital, as well as to assess their importance in the perception and creation of value in Higher Education Institutions (HEIs). Seeks to identify the different behaviors related to the valuation of the components of intellectual capital showing the profile of the HEIs sector, based on actions that favor the increase of value of certain components of intellectual capital that have been considered of little relevance to the IES and that may constitute potential competitive advantages. For that, a set of metrics are proposed to evaluate intellectual capital with the purpose of increasing the value of HEIs, through indicators of continuous improvement.Este artículo pretende analizar la ponderación de los componentes del capital intelectual, así como valorar su importancia en la percepción y creación de valor en las Instituciones de Educación Superior (IES). Se trata de identificar los diferentes comportamientos relativos a la valoración de los componentes del capital intelectual mostrando el perfil del sector de las IES, a partir de acciones que favorecen el incremento de valor de ciertos componentes del capital intelectual que han sido considerados poco relevantes para las IES y que pueden constituirse en ventajas competitivas potenciales. Para ello, se proponen un conjunto de métricas para evaluar el capital intelectual con el propósito de incrementar el valor de las IES, mediante indicadores de la mejora continua.Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar a ponderação dos componentes do capital intelectual, bem como avaliar sua importância na percepção e criação de valor nas Instituições de Ensino Superior (IES). Procura identificar os diferentes comportamentos relacionados à avaliação dos componentes do capital intelectual que mostram o perfil do setor de IES, com base em ações que favorecem o aumento de valor de certos componentes do capital intelectual que foram considerados de pouca relevância para o IES e Que podem constituir potenciais vantagens competitivas. Para isso, propõe-se um conjunto de métricas para avaliar o capital intelectual com o objetivo de aumentar o valor das IES, através de indicadores de melhoria contínua.
Nagyvárosok a magyar területi politikában és területfejlesztésben a rendszerváltozástól napjainkig
Authors: Rechnitzer János 
Published: February 2019

A magyar városfejlődés kérdései egyre több figyelmet kapnak az elmúlt időszakban, miközben a területi politika irányai és intézményi keretei folyamatosan változnak. A dolgozatban azt járjuk körbe, hogy milyen tartalmakat kapcsolhatunk a nagyvárosfogalomhoz a magyar területi politikában és a nagyvárosok helyzete miként változott a rendszerváltozás óta. A nagyvárosok a területi folyamatok alakítói, így nem lényegtelen, hogy e komplex funkciókkal rendelkező központok milyen súllyal és iránnyal jelentkeznek a fejlesztési elképzelésekben. A térbeli folyamatok alakítása nagy időtávot igényel. A dolgozat első része a nagyvárosfogalom rétegeit mutatja be, jellemzi a regionális központ, a nagyváros, a megyeszékhely és a megyei jogú város kategóriáit. A második rész a rendszerváltozás utáni időszak gyakran változó területi politikájában keresi e központok helyét, fejlesztési hangsúlyait, a pályaíveket, azok változását.
A rendszerváltozás utáni fejlesztési koncepciókban és területi politikában a nagyvárosok és köreik kiemelt és változatos szerepet kaptak. Megjelentek mint területi (regionális) igazgatási központok (1990–1994), a fejlesztési régiók fő- és alközpontjai (1998–2005), a növekedést generáló pólusok (2005–2008), egy elvetélt igazgatási decentralizációs kísérlet alanyai lettek (2006–2010), a megyéktől független fejlesztések központjaivá váltak (2012–2016), s napjainkra ismét a kiemelt fejlesztések térségi fókuszává váltak (Modern városok program, 2015–). A nagyvárosok számos általános fejlesztési cél mellett egyedi fejlesztési elképzelésekkel is rendelkeztek az elmúlt 30 évben. A központi és a helyi elképzeléseket több város jól összehangolta, így fejlesztésük dinamikus lett, másoknak viszont nem sikerült a harmonizáció, ami nem javította helyzetüket.
A Budapesttel szembeni ellenpólusrendszert a városhálózatban sem a rendszerváltozás előtt, sem azután nem lehetett a nagyvárosokból vagy azok hálózatából kialakítani. A főváros nagysága, népességkoncentrációja, intézményrendszere, gazdasági irányító szerepköre, településrendszere, a magyar közgondolkodásban betöltött szerepe, nemzetközi megítélése egyedi. Mindezt fokozza, hogy a magyar politikai intézményrendszer egyközpontú, felülről, ebből az egy centrumból vezényelt. A területi szintű decentralizáció – bár több kisebb kísérlet ismert – nem valósult meg Magyarországon. A centralizált közigazgatás és nemzeti fejlesztés, a különféle állami funkciók erős központosítása miatt a nagyvárosi kör ugyan számos térségi szervező funkciót alakított ki, ám ezek nem voltak képesek a „fővárosmítoszt” ellensúlyozni.
Uma experiência de leitura da infância berlinense de Walter Benjamin – litorais com a psicanálise/ A reading experience of Walter Benjamin’s Berlin childhood – littoral zones with psychoanalysis
Authors: Mattos Manuela Sampaio de , Noveli Josiane , Campos Izabel , Pires Luíza Puricelli 
Published: February 2019

Resumo: Este trabalho tem como objetivo compartilhar a experiência conjunta de leitura da obra Infância berlinense: 1900, feita no grupo textual “O pensamento de Walter Benjamin e a psicanálise”, que se realiza quinzenalmente na Associação Psicanalítica de Porto Alegre, desde março de 2018. Além de expor algumas articulações teóricas feitas nos encontros entre o pensamento benjaminiano e a Psicanálise, esta escrita tenta contar sobre a experiência de leitura tida em grupo. Os principais pontos de trabalho percorridos no grupo são a temática da infância, das imagens, do sonho e da memória no pensamento de Benjamin, sendo esses tópicos relacionados com a teoria psicanalítica de Freud e Lacan, e neste trabalho são apresentadas algumas dessas articulações. Dentre elas, é trabalhada a relação das imagens da infância e da memória em Benjamin com a noção do infantil em psicanálise. Também são associados os limiares e as passagens narrados no texto benjaminiano com a ideia lacaniana do intervalo entre significantes e, por fim, a temática das imagens é aproximada à teoria psicanalítica a respeito dos sonhos.Palavras-chave: infância; infantil; imagem; Benjamin; psicanálise.Abstract: This work aims to share the collective experience of reading the work Berlin Childhood around 1900, carried out in the textual group “The thinking of Walter Benjamin and psychoanalysis”, held every two weeks in the Psychoanalytical Association of Porto Alegre, since March 2018. In addition to exposing some theoretical articulations between the Benjaminian thought and Psychoanalysis prepared in the meetings, this writing tries to communicate the experience of reading taken in a group. The main topics worked in the group are the thematics of childhood, images, dreams and memory in Benjamin’s thought, and these topics are related to the correspondent psychoanalytical theory of Freud and Lacan. This work tries to present some of these articulations held in the group meetings, and among them is the relation of the images of childhood and memory in Benjamin with the notion of the infantile in psychoanalysis. The subject of thresholds and passages narrated in the Benjaminian text is also enunciated with the Lacanian idea of the interval between signifiers and, finally, the thematic of the images is approximated to the psychoanalytical theory about the dreams.Keywords: childhood; infantile; Image; Benjamin; psychoanalysis.
A prospective randomized controlled trial comparing laparoscopic versus open Whipple’s procedure for periampullary malignancy
Authors: Bhingare Pravin , Wankhade Sunil , Gupta Brajesh B. , Dakhore Sanjay 
Published: February 2019

Background: Laparoscopic surgery in cases of periampullary region malignancies has been emerging as a preferable alternative to open pancreatoduodenectomy due to their benefits such as early mobilization and shorter duration of hospital stay. We conducted this study to determine whether laparoscopic approach is comparable to open pancreatoduodenectomy in terms of hospital stay, blood loss, complications, pathological radicality with oncological safety and overall postoperative short-term outcomes.Methods: This was a single-center, non-stratified, balanced allocation, open-label, parallel-group randomized control study in which patients who had undergone Whipple’s procedure were included. Patients were randomized after confirmation of non-metastatic status into either the laparoscopy (N=15) or open surgery group (N=15). The primary outcome variable was duration of postoperative hospital stays. Secondary outcomes were duration of surgery, blood loss, complication rates (using definitions of the international study group of pancreatic surgery) and pathological radicality of resection.Results: Pain in abdomen was the predominant complaint which was seen in 12 (80%) and 10 (66%) patients each. The other common symptoms were weight loss, vomiting and jaundice. Surgical site infection, mean blood loss and mean operative duration was significantly lower in laparoscopic group (P<0.05). Mean tumor size was more in open group. Mortality was comparable in both the groups.Conclusions: Laparoscopic pancreatoduodenectomy offers significant benefit in terms of hospital stay, surgical site infection, mean blood loss, mean operative duration and mean interval of duration receiving chemo/radiotherapy as compared to open surgery in cases of periampullary region malignancy.
Analysis of cervical liquid-based cytology results in Eskişehir, Turkey: correlation of cytology results with histology, immunocytocemical HPV Ab and HPV DNA results of 18404 women
Authors: Erdoğan Bahattin , Bal Cengiz , Önal Binnur 
Published: February 2019

Background: To analyze retrospectively the results of HPV DNA, immunocytochemical HPV antibody staining of gynecologic smear samples evaluated in a public hospital and to observe their compatibility with histologic diagnosis. At the same time, the contribution of ICC HPV Ab staining experience results to the morphological evaluation is discussed in this paper.Methods: In this study, liquid-based cytology test results of patients who applied to the gynecology between 2014 and 2017 were analyzed. The Ultravision Quanto Detection System was modified for immunocytochemical staining. HPV DNA tests were performed with the Qiagen Hybrid Capture test.Results: The 18404 test result was included in the research. The percentage of smear that epithelial cell atypia is seen was 3.4%, the rate of ASC/SIL was 1.89%. Compared to the first 3 years of the study, the increase in the rate of LSIL is seen with a partial decrease in ASCUS rate in year 2017 (p<0.05). The atypical positive test rate with histologic confirmation was 73.61%. Among 138 HPV Ab results, 58.7% of them were negative and 41.3% of them were positive. Sensitivity and specificity rates were determined 76.19% and 52.17% for SIL. Among 53 HPV DNA results (53% negative and 46.3% positive); sensitivity and specificity rates were determined 92.86% and 50% for SIL.Conclusions: İmmunocytochemical HPV Ab staining provided statistically significant contribution to LSIL (p<0.05). It is thought that it also will provide additional evidence for morphological findings while cytological evaluation and may help the clinician in managing the conditions for disease.
GREEN CABBAGE (BRASSICA CAMPESTRIS) GROWTH SEEDLINGS BY OPTIMIZING OF CHICKEN MANURE CONCENTRATION IN SOIL MIXTURE
Authors: Maghfiroh Nurul , Billah Arif , Widhyahrini Khusna 
Published: February 2019

Purpose of the study: Green cabbage (Brassica campestris) is a kind of vegetable with good quality in nutrient and economical for people. It could be planted in a small area seems like in home around. Chicken manure was the fertilizer that could get from the farming area. The productivity of Green cabbage through with nutrient in soil quality. Fertilizer was one of alternative could be done for plant nutrient by simply using to against deficiency growth. The purpose of this research is to optimize chicken manure using as fertilizer. Optimizing was done by mixture in water solvent.
Methodology: Experiment was done by quantitative research in height plant analysis. The soil was taken from Joyo Imran Street Cabean region in Salatiga city that had 27°C degrees in daily average. Planting was done in plastic bag consisted of chicken manure concentrations in soil at 0% (w/w); 20% (w/w); 30% (w/w); 40% (w/w); and 50% (w/w) mixture. Height measurement was done on the 10th day after planting.
Main Findings: The optimum yield was obtained on 40% (w/w) mixed variation of chicken manure. It had a high increase in growing seedlings.
Applications of this study: One of various fertilizers is creating chicken manure farmer using fertilizer in 40 % (w/w) mixture from chicken manure because this kind of fertilizer was better than other and had an economical.
Novelty/Originality of this study: The fertilizing system had lacked in over, especially for decreasing soil quality and plant growth. Therefore, optimization of used fertilizer in the soil mixture needs to be done to see the effect. In this research optimization of the used (de Jonge et al., 2018) fertilizer in soil mix was carried out. The optimization is done to the variation of concentration of amount fertilizer to the soil in the mixture. The analysis of the growth of green cabbage was carried out from measurements height of plant that grew with 10 days.
EDITORIAL
Authors: Keser Prof. Dr. Hafize 
Published: February 2019

Dear Readers,
It is the great honor for us to publish 11th volume, 1th issue of International Journal of Learning and Teaching.
International Journal of Learning and Teaching (IJLT) is an international and multi-disciplinary which aims to provide a platform for the publication of the most advanced scientific research in the areas of learning, development, instruction and teaching. The journal welcomes original empirical investigations. The papers may represent a variety of theoretical perspectives and different methodological approaches. They may refer to any age level, from infants to adults and to a diversity of learning and instructional settings, from laboratory experiments to field studies. The major criteria in the review and the selection process concern the significance of the contribution to the area of learning and teaching. IJLT covers all aspects of education; trends in education, the emerging and educational settings, instructional design, learning-teaching methods and applications, instructional multimedia, new education environments, theoretical principles, assessment and evaluation and related fields.
A total number of twenty (33) manuscripts were submitted for this issue and each paper has been subjected to double-blind peer review process by the reviewers specialized in the related field. At the end of the review process, a total number of four (4) high quality research papers were selected and accepted for publication.
Aim of this issue is to give the researchers an opportunity to share the results of their academic studies. There are different research topics discussed in the articles.

The topics of the next issue will be different. You can make sure that we will be trying to serve you with our journal with a rich knowledge in which different kinds of topics are discussed in 2019 Volume.
I would like to present many thanks to all the contributors who helped to publish this issue.

Best regards,
Prof. Dr. Hafize Keser
Editor â€“ in Chief
Pollen Performance of ‘Red Lake’ and ‘Rosenthal’ Currant (Ribes rubrum) Cultivars
Authors: GÜÇLÜ Sultan Filiz , POLAT Mehmet , OKATAN Volkan 
Published: February 2019

Objective: The aim of this study is to test the performance of the pollen grains of ‘Red Lake’ and ‘Rosenthal’ blackcurrant varieties. Pollen morphological homogeneity ratio, pollen viability ratio and germination rate at different temperatures were investigated.Material and Methods: In this study, pollen germination, viability and quality of pollens belongs to ‘Red Lake’ and ‘Rosenthal’ currant cultivars were studied. For the fertilization biology studies, phenologic observations were first noted. In order to determine the pollen performance, morphological homogeneity, pollen viability (TTC staining test) and germination rates (agar in plate) were determined. In addition, the effect of different temperature conditions (15 °C, 20 0C, 25 0C, 30 0C) on pollen germination was noted and the most suitable germination temperature was determined for each cultivar. The effect of different incubation times (6h, 12h, 24h, 48h) on germination capacity was also determined.Results: Morphological homogeneity value of the pollen of the two cultivars was quite high and higher pollen viability should be obtained from morphologically homogenous pollens. Effect of different temperatures on pollen germination percentage was found to be statistically different (p&lt;0.05) for both cultivars.Conclusions: 150C was the optimum temperature to obtain the highest pollen germination for ‘Red Lake’ while 200C was the optimum for ‘Rosenthal’ pollen grains. Increasing incubation period for both cultivars increased overall pollen germination rate.
ANALISIS MISKONSEPSI SISWA PADA MATERI HIDROLISIS GARAM MENGGUNAKAN TEKNIK CRI (CERTAINTY OF RESPONSE INDEX) TERMODIFIKASI
Authors: Amelia Dhika , Marheni Marheni , Nurbaity Nurbaity 
Published: February 2019

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui persentase miskonsepsi siswa dan letak miskonsepsi pada materi kimia khususnya pada pokok materi Hidrolisis Garam. Metode yang digunakan adalah deskriptif, pengumpulan data dengan memberikan tes berbentuk 15 butir soal benar-salah dengan alasan terbuka dan indeks CRI yang kemudian hasil jawaban siswa tiap butir soal dianalisis. Hasil yang didapat dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa 46% siswa mengalami miskonsepsi pada materi hidrolisis garam. Miskonsepsi tersebut tersebar di semua konsep. Secara berurutan, miskonsepsi siswa dari yang terbesar ke terkecil adalah pada konsep hidrolisis garam, konsep titrasi asam basa dan hubungannya dengan hidrolisis garam, konsep pH larutan garam yang terhidrolisis, dan pada konsep sifat garam yang terhidrolisis.
Kata kunci: Miskonsepsi, CRI, CRI Termodifikasi, Hidrolisis Garam
Peningkatan Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Peserta Didik pada Materi Termokimia di SMA Pekanbaru Melalui Penerapan Strategi Pembelajaran Process Oriented Guided Inquiry Learning (POGIL)
Authors: Erna Maria , Rery R. Usman , Astuti Wiji 
Published: February 2019

Telah dilakukan penelitian untuk mengetahui peningkatan kemampuan berpikir kritis peserta didik pada materi termokimia dalam penerapan strategi pembelajaran Process Oriented Guided Inquiry Learning (POGIL) di kelas XI MIA SMA Negeri 8 Pekanbaru. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan penelitian One Group Pretest Posttest Design yang dilakukan di SMA Negeri 8 Pekanbaru Tahun ajaran 2017/2018. Objek penelitian ini adalah kelas XI MIA 1 yang terdiri dari 32 peserta didik. Pengumpulan data peserta didik menggunakan teknik tes berupa pretest dan posttest. Keberhasilan pembelajaran dalam meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis peserta didik ditunjukkan dengan peningkatan kriteria berpikir kritis dari hasil pretest dan posttest yang dianalisis dengan cara menghitung skor persentase berpikir kritis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa adanya peningkatan kemampuan berpikir kritis peserta didik. Peserta didik mengalami peningkatan dari kategori berpikir kritis sangat rendah menjadi kategori sangat tinggi sebesar 15,625 %, peningkatan dari kategori rendah menjadi kategori sangat tinggi sebesar 40,625 %, peningkatan dari kategori rata-rata menjadi kategori sangat tinggi sebesar 9,375 %, peningkatan dari kategori berpikir kritis sangat rendah menjadi kategori tinggi sebesar 12,5 %, dan peningkatan dari kategori berpikir kritis rendah menjadi kategori tinggi sebesar 21,875 %. Berdasarkan analisis data dapat disimpulkan bahwa penerapan strategi pembelajaran Process Oriented Guided Inquiry Learning (POGIL) dapat meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis peserta didik pada materi termokimia di SMA Negeri 8 Pekanbaru.

Kata kunci
Strategi Pembelajaran Process Oriented Guided Inquiry Learning (POGIL), Berpikir Kritis, Termokimia