bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pulmonary Capillary Hemorrhage Induced by Acoustic Radiation Force Impulse Shear Wave Elastography in Ventilated Rats
Authors: Miller Douglas L. , Dong Zhihong , Dou Chunyan , Patterson Brandon , Raghavendran Krishnan 
Published: January 2019

ObjectivesDiagnostic ultrasound (DUS) imaging can induce pulmonary capillary hemorrhage (PCH), possibly related to the ultrasonic radiation surface pressure arising from reflection at the lung blood‐air interfaces. Acoustic radiation force impulse (ARFI) elastography is a relatively new DUS mode with high‐energy “push pulses” used to move tissue and generate shear waves. The objective of this study was to characterize PCH induced by the ARFI elastographic mode for comparison with other previously tested DUS modes.MethodsPulmonary capillary hemorrhage induction was examined for ARFI elastographic frames with 5.7‐MHz push pulses (Acuson S3000; Siemens Medical Solutions, Mountain View, CA), which had a derated PRPA of 2.6 MPa. Groups of rats with tracheal tube placement had no ventilation (spontaneous breathing), intermittent positive pressure ventilation (IPPV), or IPPV plus 8 cm H2O of positive end‐expiratory pressure (PEEP). Exposure was to 1 or 20 manually triggered image frame acquisitions. The PCH area was measured on the lung surface.ResultsAll 20‐frame exposure groups, and even the single‐frame group, had significant PCH relative to shams. Single‐frame exposures produced significantly less PCH (P = .002) than 20‐frame exposures in rats with a tracheal tube only (spontaneous breathing). The PEEP inhibited the PCH and produced about half of the PCH area induced for IPPV without PEEP (P = .014).ConclusionsThe PCH results were comparable with those from a previous study using B‐mode or color Doppler exposure for 5 minutes; however, these modes delivered many more pulses for continuous imaging frames, suggesting that the ARFI elastographic frames were individually much more effective.
Changing Ischemic Lesion Patterns and Hemodynamics of the Posterior Cerebral Artery in Moyamoya Disease
Authors: Wang Jing‐Zhe , He Wen , Zhang Dong , Yu Le‐Bao , Zhao Ya‐Hui , Cai Jin‐Xiu 
Published: January 2019

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to determine how hemodynamics of the posterior cerebral artery (PCA) are associated with cerebral ischemic lesions in moyamoya disease (MMD).MethodsThirty‐six patients with ischemic MMD (Suzuki grade IV–V) were retrospectively analyzed. Hemodynamic parameters of the PCA were measured by transcranial color‐coded sonography. We classified the range of ischemic lesions into 3 grades and perfusion levels into 3 grades according to computed tomography (CT) results. PCA steno‐occlusion and leptomeningeal collaterals were confirmed by digital subtraction angiography. Ultrasonographic parameters in the PCA were compared with these radiographic findings.ResultsThe velocity in the involved PCA (mean flow velocity [MFV] median, 42.00 [range, 34.50–58.00] cm/s) was significantly lower than that in the normal PCA (MFV median, 95.00 [range, 76.50–119.50] cm/s) (P < .001). The velocity in the PCA increased significantly as the leptomeningeal collateral stage advanced (MFV stage 1: median, 38.50 [range, 29.75–63.50] cm/s; stage 2: median, 55.00 [range, 44.00–96.00] cm/s; stage 3: median, 94.00 [range, 54.00–118.25] cm/s; stage 4: median, 85.50 [range, 70.50–117.75] cm/s, respectively) (P < .05). Decreased PCA velocities were associated with a larger ischemic area on CT (P ≤ .001). PCA velocity had no correlation with CT perfusion level of the temporal and frontal lobes. PCA velocity had significant correlations with perfusion level in the occipital (P < .001) and parietal lobes (P < .05).ConclusionsOur results suggest ischemic lesion patterns (as demonstrated on CT imaging) are associated with PCA velocity measurements in the advanced stage of MMD. Thus, monitoring PCA velocity in patients with advanced MMD may provide additional information to assist in managing these patients.
Survival impact of treatment‐related time intervals in nasopharyngeal carcinoma in the United States
Authors: Tham Tristan , Ahn Seungjun , Teckie Sewit , Roche Ansley , Frank Douglas , Kraus Dennis , Costantino Peter 
Published: January 2019

ObjectiveTo determine if delayed or prolonged treatment‐related time intervals (TRTIs) was associated with survival in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) undergoing curative‐intent concurrent chemoradiation (CCRT). The TRTIs investigated were duration of radiation treatment (RTd), time to radiation start (TTR), and time to chemotherapy start (TTC).MethodsObservational cohort study using the National Cancer Database (NCDB). In this observational cohort study, 3,893 eligible patients with NPC were identified from the NCDB. Patients received CCRT of at least 66 grays and radiation treatment time of at least 40 days. Separate univariable Cox regression model was used to analyze overall survival (OS) as a function of TRTIs, as well as for Charlson/Deyo Score, tumor classification, node classification, histological type, ethnicity, age, sex, and facility type. Upon finding significance at P < 0.05, the multivariable Cox regression analysis with backward elimination was performed to yield the final prediction model. Results were considered statistically significant when P < 0.05.ResultsRadiation treatment was significantly associated with OS in the univariable analysis (hazard ratio: 1.006, 95% confidence interval = 1.004–1.008, P < 0.001). However, RTd was not related to OS in the multivariable analysis (P = 0.19). The TTR and TTC variables were not associated with OS in the univariable analysis (P = 0.88 and P = 0.88, respectively).ConclusionTRTIs were not independently associated with OS in this cohort of NPC patients in the NCDB. Future research into the association of TRTI with other disease outcomes, such as disease‐free survival and locoregional control, is needed.Level of EvidenceNA. Laryngoscope, 129:2514–2520, 2019
A laryngeal closure technique for the treatment of patients with head and neck cancer
Authors: Furukawa Tatsuya , Komatsu Hirokazu , Fujio Hisami , Kojima Yasutaka , Morita Naruhiko , Teshima Masanori , Shinomiya Hirotaka , Morimoto Koichi , Otsuki Naoki , Kano Makoto , Nibu Ken‐ichi 
Published: January 2019

BackgroundIn 2008, Kano developed a new laryngeal closure technique (Kano's method) for the treatment of severe aspiration. The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of this technique in patients with head and neck cancer.MethodsSince June 2014 until March 2018, six patients underwent Kano's method for management of severe aspiration after the treatment of head and neck cancers. The anterior parts of the thyroid and the cricoid cartilages were excised widely. The glottis was closed by suturing bilateral vocal folds and reinforced by the sternohyoid muscle. A tracheostoma was created with skin flaps, subglottic mucosal flaps, and stumps of cricoid and trachea cartilages.ResultsNo severe complications were observed after the surgery. Oral intake improved without developing aspiration.ConclusionsKano's method can provide satisfactory functional results with minimal invasion for treating severe aspiration after advanced surgery, chemotherapy, and/or chemoradiotherapy, in patients with head and neck cancer.Level of Evidence4
Organic matter quantity and quality across salinity gradients in conduit‐ vs. diffuse flow‐dominated subterranean estuaries
Authors: Pain Andrea J. , Martin Jonathan B. , Young Caitlin R. , Huang Laibin , Valle‐Levinson Arnoldo 
Published: January 2019

AbstractSubmarine groundwater discharge (SGD) is a source of water and bioreactive solutes to coastal zones but may be modified by organic matter (OM) remineralization dynamics within subterranean estuaries (STEs). We hypothesize that bioreactive solute fluxes should depend on water residence time in STEs, but links between OM transformations and residence time in STEs are poorly characterized. To test this hypothesis, we compare dissolved OM (DOM) quantity and quality in two hydrologically distinct STE systems: a reef lagoon on the east coast of the Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico, where semidiurnal mixing in submarine springs of a carbonate karst aquifer results in short residence times, and a barrier lagoon on the east coast of Florida, where slow flow through siliciclastic sediments results in long residence times. We measured dissolved organic carbon concentrations and characterized colored DOM (CDOM) with ultraviolet spectroscopy and fluorescence combined with Parallel Factor Analysis. Both sites exhibit similar shifts in OM quality with salinity and reflect a marine source of labile OM to the STEs. Nonconservative mixing and CDOM production occurs at all sites but the long water residence times in the siliciclastic STEs cause orders of magnitude greater production than the carbonate STE. Consistent CDOM production across sites with disparate characteristics indicates that STEs are common sources of CDOM to surface water. However, observed variation in the magnitudes of CDOM production indicates that estimating global, and even regional, solute fluxes associated with SGD will be complicated by hydrologic control on extents of OM remineralization.
Noncontiguous finished genome sequence and description of Raoultibacter massiliensis gen. nov., sp. nov. and Raoultibacter timonensis sp. nov, two new bacterial species isolated from the human gut
Authors: Traore Sory Ibrahima , Bilen Melhem , Beye Mamadou , Diop Awa , Mbogning Fonkou Maxime Descartes , Tall Mamadou Lamine , Michelle Caroline , Yasir Muhammad , Ibraheem Azhar Esam , Bibi Fehmida , Bittar Fadi , Jiman‐Fatani Asif Ahmad , Daoud Ziad , Cadoret Fréderic , Fournier Pierre‐Edouard , Edouard Sophie 
Published: January 2019

AbstractAs part of the culturomics project aiming at describing the human microbiota, we report in this study the description of the new bacterial genus Raoultibacter gen. nov. that includes two new species, that is, R. massiliensis sp. nov. and R. timonensis sp. nov. The R. massiliensis type strain Marseille‐P2849T was isolated from the fecal specimen of a healthy 19‐year‐old Saudi Bedouin, while R. timonensis type strain Marseille‐P3277T was isolated from the feces of an 11‐year‐old pygmy female living in Congo. Strain Marseille‐P2849T exhibited 91.4% 16S rRNA sequence similarity with Gordonibacter urolithinfaciens, its phylogenetic closest neighbor with standing in nomenclature. As well, strain Marseille‐P3277T exhibited 97.96% 16S rRNA similarity with strain Marseille‐P2849T. Both strains were Gram‐positive, motile, nonspore‐forming rod and form transparent microcolonies on blood agar in both anaerobic and microaerophilic atmospheres. The genome sizes of strain Marseille‐P2849T and strain Marseille‐P3277T were 3,657,161 bp and 4,000,215 bp, respectively. Using a taxono‐genomic approach combining the phenotypic, biochemical, and genomic characteristics, we propose the genus Raoultibacter gen. nov., which contains strains Marseille‐P2849T (= CSUR P2849T, = DSM 103407T) and Marseille‐P3277T (=CCUG 70680T, =CSUR P3277T) as type strains of the species R. massiliensis sp. nov., and R. timonensis sp. nov., respectively.
Performance improved tunable millimeter‐wave signal generation employing UFBG based AOTF with bit walk‐off effect compensation
Authors: Arya Raju , Zacharias Joseph 
Published: January 2019

AbstractA scheme for the generation of mm‐wave signals at different frequencies with improved performance is proposed and demonstrated by employing a uniform fiber Bragg grating based acousto‐optic tunable filter (UFBG‐AOTF). The different frequencies carry different information at a required data rate according to their application. This method reduces the complexity of the system by alleviating the cascaded Mach‐Zehnder modulators (MZM) and a good transmission performance can be achieved by the FBG. In the previous system, the distance of transmission is reduced to 15 km due to bit walk‐off effect and it also reduces the BER values at larger distances. In the proposed system, the bit walk‐off effect is discussed and compensated to increase the transmission distance up to 60 km. The simulation results along with clear eye‐diagrams show that the BER values are improved at larger distances than the previous system which proves the performance improvement of the proposed system.
Azobenzene‐Containing Block Copolymers as Light‐Induced Reworkable Adhesives: Effects of Molecular Weight, Composition, and Block Copolymer Architectures on the Adhesive Properties
Authors: Ito Shotaro , Akiyama Haruhisa , Sekizawa Reiko , Mori Miyuki , Fukata Tamaki , Yoshida Masaru , Kihara Hideyuki 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACTWe previously reported that ABA‐type triblock copolymers with azobenzene‐containing terminal blocks can be utilized as a light‐induced reworkable adhesive that enables repeatable bonding and debonding on demand. The reworkability was based on the photoisomerization of the azobenzene moiety and concomitant softening and hardening of the azo blocks. Our aim in this study is to investigate the effect of the composition, molecular weight, and block copolymer architectures on the reworkable adhesive properties. For this purpose, we prepared AB diblock, ABA triblock, and 4‐arm (AB)4 star‐block copolymers consisting of polymethacrylates bearing an azobenzene moiety (A block) and 2‐ethylhexyl (B block) side chains and performed adhesion tests by using these block copolymers. As a result, among the ABA block copolymers with varied compositions and molecular weights, the ABA triblock copolymers with an azo block content of about 50 wt % and relatively low molecular weight could achieve an appropriate balance between high adhesion strength and low residual adhesion strength upon UV irradiation. Furthermore, the 4‐arm star‐block structure not only enhances the adhesion strength, but also maintains low residual adhesion strength when exposed to UV irradiation. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2019, 57, 806–813
Robustness analysis of systems' safety through a new notion of input‐to‐state safety
Authors: Romdlony Muhammad Zakiyullah , Jayawardhana Bayu 
Published: January 2019

SummaryIn this paper, we propose a new robustness notion that is applicable for certifying systems' safety with respect to external disturbance signals. The proposed input‐to‐state safety notion allows us to certify systems' safety in the presence of the disturbances, which is analogous to the notion of input‐to‐state stability for analyzing systems' stability.
Alleviating misconceptions about Earth's climate: evidence of behavioral learning in stock‐and‐flow simulations
Authors: Kumar Medha , Dutt Varun 
Published: January 2019

AbstractStock‐and‐flow simulation tools, which provide experiences of cause‐and‐effect relationships, are likely to be effective ways to overcome climate misconceptions. However, little is known about the ability of simulation tools to enable the transfer of system dynamics knowledge to subsequent tasks. The primary objective of this research was to use stronger transfer problems in simulation tools and to test the resulting transfer of knowledge. In an experiment, 120 participants were randomly assigned to problems that varied in the use of a stock‐and‐flow simulation tool, Dynamic Climate Change Simulator (DCCS); and, a subsequent paper‐and‐pencil Climate Stabilization (CS) task. Climate misconceptions reduced significantly in the following CS task across problems where the stock behavior was either identical or different between DCCS and CS tasks. Playing DCCS helped people to transfer their system dynamics knowledge to the CS task. We discuss the advantages of using stock‐and‐flow simulation tools for climate education and policy research.© 2019 System Dynamics Society
Mesopore‐Induced Ultrafast Na+‐Storage in T‐Nb2O5/Carbon Nanofiber Films toward Flexible High‐Power Na‐Ion Capacitors
Authors: Li Yuzhu , Wang Huanwen , Wang Libin , Mao Zhifei , Wang Rui , He Beibei , Gong Yansheng , Hu Xianluo 
Published: January 2019

AbstractHybrid Na‐ion capacitors (NICs) are receiving considerable interest because they combine the merits of both batteries and supercapacitors and because of the low‐cost of sodium resources. However, further large‐scale deployment of NICs is impeded by the sluggish diffusion of Na+ in the anode. To achieve rapid redox kinetics, herein the controlled fabrication of mesoporous orthorhombic‐Nb2O5 (T‐Nb2O5)/carbon nanofiber (CNF) networks is demonstrated via in situ SiO2‐etching. The as‐obtained mesoporous T‐Nb2O5 (m‐Nb2O5)/CNF membranes are mechanically flexible without using any additives, binders, or current collectors. The in situ formed mesopores can efficiently increase Na+‐storage performances of the m‐Nb2O5/CNF electrode, such as excellent rate capability (up to 150 C) and outstanding cyclability (94% retention after 10 000 cycles at 100 C). A flexible NIC device based on the m‐Nb2O5/CNF anode and the graphene framework (GF)/mesoporous carbon nanofiber (mCNF) cathode, is further constructed, and delivers an ultrahigh power density of 60 kW kg−1 at 55 Wh kg−1 (based on the total weight of m‐Nb2O5/CNF and GF/mCNF). More importantly, owing to the free‐standing flexible electrode configuration, the m‐Nb2O5/CNF//GF/mCNF NIC exhibits high volumetric energy and power densities (11.2 mWh cm−3, 5.4 W cm−3) based on the full device, which holds great promise in a wide variety of flexible electronics.
Perovskite Light‐Emitting Diodes with Improved Outcoupling Using a High‐Index Contrast Nanoarray
Authors: Jeon Sohee , Zhao Lianfeng , Jung Young‐Jin , Kim Ji Whan , Kim Sei‐Yong , Kang Hyeokjung , Jeong Jun‐Ho , Rand Barry P. , Lee Jeong‐Hwan 
Published: January 2019

AbstractOrganic–inorganic hybrid perovskite light‐emitting diodes (PeLEDs) are promising for next‐generation optoelectronic devices due to their potential to achieve high color purity, efficiency, and brightness. Although the external quantum efficiency (EQE) of PeLEDs has recently surpassed 20%, various strategies are being pursued to increase EQE further and reduce the EQE gap compared to other LED technologies. A key point to further boost EQE of PeLEDs is linked to the high refractive index of the perovskite emissive layer, leading to optical losses of more than 70% of emitted photons. Here, it is demonstrated that a randomly distributed nanohole array with high‐index contrast can effectively enhance outcoupling efficiency in PeLEDs. Based on a comprehensive optical analysis on the perovskite thin film and outcoupling structure, it is confirmed that the nanohole array effectively distributes light into the substrate for improved outcoupling, allowing for 1.64 times higher light extraction. As a result, highly efficient red/near‐infrared PeLEDs with a peak EQE of 14.6% are demonstrated.
Perturbativity constraints on U(1)B−L and left-right models and implications for heavy gauge boson searches
Authors: Chauhan Garv , Dev P. S. Bhupal , Mohapatra Rabindra N. , Zhang Yongchao 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

We derive perturbativity constraints on beyond standard model scenarios with extra gauge groups, such as SU(2) or U(1), whose generators contribute to the electric charge, and show that there are both upper and lower limits on the additional gauge couplings, from the requirement that the couplings remain perturbative up to the grand unification theory (GUT) scale. This leads to stringent constraints on the masses of the corresponding gauge bosons and their collider phenomenology. We specifically focus on the models based on

$$ SU{(2)}_L \times U{(1)}_{I_{3R}} \times U{(1)}_{B-L} $$

S
U

2

L

×

U

1

I

3
R

×

U

1

B
−
L

and the left-right symmetric models based on SU(2)
L
× SU(2)
R
× U(1)
B − L
, and discuss the implications of the perturbativity constraints for new gauge boson searches at current and future colliders. In particular, we find that the stringent flavor constraints in the scalar sector of left-right model set a lower bound on the right-handed scale v

R
≳ 10 TeV, if all the gauge and quartic couplings are to remain perturbative up to the GUT scale. This precludes the prospects of finding the Z

R
boson in the left-right model at the LHC, even in the high-luminosity phase, and leaves only a narrow window for the W

R
boson. A much broader allowed parameter space, with the right-handed scale v

R
up to ≃ 87 TeV, could be probed at the future 100 TeV collider.
Short‐ and Long‐term Outcomes after Robotic and Laparoscopic Liver Resection for Malignancies: A Propensity Score‐Matched Study
Authors: Lim Chetana , Salloum Chady , Tudisco Antonella , Ricci Claudio , Osseis Michael , Napoli Niccolo , Lahat Eylon , Boggi Ugo , Azoulay Daniel 
Published: January 2019

AbstractObjectivesA laparoscopic approach improves short‐term outcomes and maintains long‐term outcomes compared to an open approach. In turn, the recent development of robotic surgery raises the question whether it performs as well as laparoscopic surgery. The aim of this study was to compare the short‐ and long‐term outcomes of laparoscopic liver resection (LLR) and robotic liver resection (RLR) for malignancies.MethodFrom 2011 to 2017, the study population included 111 patients in the LLR group and 61 in the RLR group. Short‐ and long‐term outcomes were compared before and after propensity score matching (PSM).ResultsOperative mortality rate was nil. The intraoperative blood transfusion rate was higher during RLR (15% vs. 2%, p = 0.0009). Major morbidity and hospital stay were not different between the two groups. The resection margin width (LLR 7 mm vs. RLR 10 mm, p = 0.13) and R1 resection rates (resection margin width < 1 mm; LLR 15% vs. RLR 11%, p = 0.49) were similar. After PSM (55 patients in each group), the blood transfusion, major morbidity, hospital stay and R1 resection were similar between the two groups. When considering the largest subset of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma including 114 patients (66%), the 3‐year overall survival rate was 80% in the LLR group and 97% in the RLR group (p = 0.10) and remained similar after PSM (p = 0.27). The 3‐year recurrence‐free survival rate was 50% in the LLR group and 64% in the RLR group (p = 0.30) and remained similar after PSM (p = 0.26).ConclusionsNo differences were found in blood transfusion, incidence of positive resection margins and long‐term outcomes between the two techniques. RLR does not compromise short‐term and oncologic outcomes in patients with liver cancers.
Biological conversion of propane to 2-propanol using group I and II methanotrophs as biocatalysts
Authors: Nguyen Thu Thi , Hwang In Yeub , Na Jeong Geol , Lee Eun Yeol 
Published: January 2019

AbstractPropane is the main component of liquefied petroleum gas and is derived from crude oil processing. Methanotrophic bacteria can convert various alkanes using methane monooxygenase enzyme to primary alcohols. These are further oxidized to various aldehydes by alcohol dehydrogenases or methanol dehydrogenases. In this study, 2-propanol was produced from propane using the whole cells of Methylosinus trichosporium OB3b, Methylomicrobium alcaliphilum 20Z, and Methylomonas sp. DH-1 as the biocatalysts. The biocatalytic process of converting propane to 2-propanol was optimized by the use of several inhibitors and additives, such as EDTA, sodium phosphate, and sodium formate to prevent oxidation of 2-propanol to acetone and to enhance conversion of propane to propanol. The maximum titer of 2-propanol was 0.424 g/L, 0.311 g/L, and 0.610 g/L for Methylomonas sp. DH-1, M. alcaliphilum 20Z, and M. trichosporium OB3b whole cells, respectively. These results showed that type I and type II methanotrophs could be used as the potent biocatalyst for conversion of propane to propanol.