bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dynamic postpolymerization of 3D‐printed photopolymer nanocomposites: Effect of cellulose nanocrystal and postcure temperature
Authors: Yang Zhaozhe , Wu Guomin , Wang Siqun , Xu Min , Feng Xinhao 
Published: April 2018

ABSTRACTCellulose nanocrystal (CNC) reinforced methacrylate (MA) resin nanocomposite was prepared by 3D stereolithography printing. A postcure process, where the printed nanocomposite was heat‐treated under different temperatures, was applied to improve the property of the printed nanocomposites. To investigate the effect of CNC and postcure temperature on the kinetic behavior of the postpolymerization of printed nanocomposites, Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry measurement of the printed nanocomposites before and after postcure were analyzed. The postpolymerization of MA nanocomposites was promoted at a postcure temperature of 140 °C for the printed 0.5% CNC/MA nanocomposites compared to the printed MA resin. The addition of CNC retarded the polymerization of MA resin during 3D printing, resulting in poorer mechanical properties of the printed nanocomposites compared to the printed MA resin. However, after postcure, the mechanical properties of the printed nanocomposites were improved by the postpolymerization of the MA nanocomposites. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2018, 56, 935–946
Multipurpose nonwoven viscose/polypropylene fabrics: Effect of fabric characteristics on sorption and dielectric properties
Authors: Asanovic Koviljka A. , Cerovic Dragana D. , Kostic Mirjana M. , Maletic Slavica B. , Kramar Ana D. 
Published: April 2018

ABSTRACTIn this work, sorption and dielectric properties of viscose/polypropylene multipurpose nonwoven fabrics were examined. The analysis of sorption behavior showed that the changes of the water absorptive capacity, the height of capillary rise and water retention value are in a function of viscose fiber content, total porosity, the pore size and used web bonding process. It is observed that dielectric properties at frequencies from 30 Hz to 140 kHz, for samples exposed to different relative air humidity and wet samples, are dependent on viscose fiber content, web bonding process, frequency of electric field and bulk free water content. The effective dielectric permeability of wet samples rapidly decreases with an increase in frequency up to 3 kHz while spectra of the AC specific electrical conductivity showed a plateau above 13 kHz. It is also observed that the dielectric properties of wet samples increase by several orders of magnitude compared to dry samples. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2018, 56, 947–957
Spiritual and religious coping and depression among family caregivers of pediatric cancer patients in Latin America
Authors: Vitorino Luciano Magalhães , Lopes‐Júnior Luís Carlos , de Oliveira Gabriela Hernandes , Tenaglia Mariane , Brunheroto Andressa , Cortez Paulo José Oliveira , Lucchetti Giancarlo 
Published: April 2018

AbstractObjectiveSeveral studies have shown that spiritual/religious beliefs are associated with mental health and quality of life. However, so far, no study assessed the relationship between spiritual/religious coping (SRC) and depressive symptoms in family caregivers (FCs) of pediatric cancer patients, particularly in Latin America. This study aimed to investigate whether Positive and Negative SRC strategies are associated with depressive symptoms in FCs of pediatric cancer patients in Brazil.MethodsWe conducted a cross‐sectional study comprising 77 FCs of pediatric cancer patients from one Brazilian Pediatric Oncology Institute. Spiritual/religious coping was assessed using the Brief SRC scale, and depressive symptoms were evaluated by the Beck Depression Inventory. Multiple regression models were performed to identify factors associated with SRC of FCs and their depressive symptoms.ResultsIn the unadjusted linear regression models, depressive symptoms were positively associated with Negative SRC (B = 0.401; P < .001; Adjusted R2 = 16.1%) but not with Positive SRC (B = 0.111; P = .334). After adjusting for socio‐demographics, religious practice/faith, and health, Negative SRC remained associated with depressive symptoms (B = 3.56; P = .01; Adjusted R2 = 37.8%). In the logistic regression models, depressive symptoms were positively associated with Negative SRC (OR = 3.68; 95% CI, 1.46‐9.25; P = .006), but not with Positive SRC (OR = 1.49; 95% CI, .69‐3.22; P = .309). After adjustments, Negative SRC remained significant (OR = 4.01; 95% CI, 1.21‐13.33; P = .023).ConclusionsNegative SRC was associated with depressive symptoms in FCs of pediatric cancer patients. Health professionals must be aware of the use of Negative SRC strategies in oncology care.
The essential and multifunctional TFIIH complex
Authors: Rimel Jenna K. , Taatjes Dylan J. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractTFIIH is a 10‐subunit complex that regulates RNA polymerase II (pol II) transcription but also serves other important biological roles. Although much remains unknown about TFIIH function in eukaryotic cells, much progress has been made even in just the past few years, due in part to technological advances (e.g. cryoEM and single molecule methods) and the development of chemical inhibitors of TFIIH enzymes. This review focuses on the major cellular roles for TFIIH, with an emphasis on TFIIH function as a regulator of pol II transcription. We describe the structure of TFIIH and its roles in pol II initiation, promoter‐proximal pausing, elongation, and termination. We also discuss cellular roles for TFIIH beyond transcription (e.g. DNA repair, cell cycle regulation) and summarize small molecule inhibitors of TFIIH and diseases associated with defects in TFIIH structure and function.
The receptor for advanced glycation endproducts is a mediator of toxicity by IAPP and other proteotoxic aggregates: Establishing and exploiting common ground for novel amyloidosis therapies
Authors: Abedini Andisheh , Derk Julia , Schmidt Ann Marie 
Published: April 2018

AbstractProteotoxicity plays a key role in many devastating human disorders, including Alzheimer's, Huntington's and Parkinson's diseases; type 2 diabetes; systemic amyloidosis; and cardiac dysfunction, to name a few. The cellular mechanisms of proteotoxicity in these disorders have been the focus of considerable research, but their role in prevalent and morbid disorders, such as diabetes, is less appreciated. There is a large body of literature on the impact of glucotoxicity and lipotoxicity on insulin‐producing pancreatic β‐cells, and there is increasing recognition that proteotoxicty plays a key role. Pancreatic islet amyloidosis by the hormone IAPP, the production of advanced glycation endproducts (AGE), and insulin misprocessing into cytotoxic aggregates are all sources of β‐cell proteotoxicity in diabetes. AGE, produced by the reaction of reducing sugars with proteins and lipids are ligands for the receptor for AGE (RAGE), as are the toxic pre‐fibrillar aggregates of IAPP produced during amyloid formation. The mechanisms of amyloid formation by IAPP in vivo or in vitro are not well understood, and the cellular mechanisms of IAPP‐induced β‐cell death are not fully defined. Here, we review recent findings that illuminate the factors and mechanisms involved in β‐cell proteotoxicity in diabetes. Together, these new insights have far‐reaching implications for the establishment of unifying mechanisms by which pathological amyloidoses imbue their injurious effects in vivo.
Survival benefit of local versus no local treatment for metastatic prostate cancer—Impact of baseline PSA and metastatic substages
Authors: Pompe Raisa S. , Tilki Derya , Preisser Felix , Leyh‐Bannurah Sami‐Ramzi , Bandini Marco , Marchioni Michele , Gild Philipp , Tian Zhe , Fossati Nicola , Cindolo Luca , Shariat Shahrokh F. , Huland Hartwig , Graefen Markus , Briganti Alberto , Karakiewicz Pierre I. 
Published: April 2018

BackgroundTo test whether local treatment (LT), namely radical prostatectomy (RP) or brachytherapy (BT) still confers a survival benefit versus no local treatment (NLT), when adjusted for baseline PSA (bPSA). To further examine whether the effect of LT might be modulated according to bPSA and M1 substages.MethodsOf 13 906 mPCa patients within the SEER (2004‐2014), 375 underwent RP, 175 BT, and 13 356 NLT. Multivariable competing risks regression (MVA CRR) analyses after 1:2 propensity score matching assessed the impact of LT versus NLT on cancer specific mortality (CSM). Interaction analyses tested the association between treatment type and bPSA within different M1 substages.ResultsMVA CRR analyses revealed lower CSM rates for LT (RP [HR: 0.55, CI: 0.44‐0.70, P < 0.001] and BT [HR: 0.63, CI: 0.49‐0.83, P < 0.001]) compared to NLT. A significant interaction existed between bPSA and treatment type, in M1b patients only. Here, LT conferred a survival benefit when bPSA was <60 ng/mL with maximum benefit when bPSA was <40 ng/mL. No survival benefit existed for M1b patients above the 60 ng/mL bPSA threshold and for M1c patients, regardless of bPSA. For M1a patients, LT conferred a survival benefit compared to NLT. However, dose‐response according to bPSA could not be tested, due to insufficient sample size.ConclusionsOur observations provide new insight regarding the pivotal effect of bPSA and M1 substages on CSM, when LT is contemplated. While M1a patients benefited from LT, the survival benefit was modulated by bPSA in M1b patients and no survival benefit existed in M1c patients.
Under one roof? Left‐behind children's perspectives in negotiating relationships with absent and return‐migrant parents
Authors: Lam Theodora , Yeoh Brenda S.A. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractChildren—whether left behind or as migrants—have remained largely invisible in Southeast Asian migration scholarship. Their experiences and perspectives on migration, as well as how they demonstrate agency within the limits of culturally/socially constructed childhoods influenced by a “hybridisation” of global and local conditions, are often overlooked in favour of adults'. This article addresses this research lacuna by focusing attention on how left‐behind Indonesian and Filipino children between 9 and 11 years of age engage and react to the changes in their everyday lives brought about by both parental migration and parental return. Using both quantitative and qualitative data collected from a larger study on child health and migrant parents in Southeast Asia with return‐migrants, left‐behind carers, and children, this article highlights the experiences of left‐behind children by revealing their agency and creativity in managing changes in their daily lives due to the frequent and transient comings and goings of one or both parents.
Strategic actions of transnational migrant parents regarding birth registration for stay‐behind children in Lombok, Indonesia
Authors: Butt Leslie , Ball Jessica 
Published: April 2018

AbstractChallenges to birth registration for children whose parents migrate transnationally for work have been inadequately investigated. Often a prerequisite to accessing state resources such as education and child protection, birth registration may meaningfully indicate a family's capacities to provide for children's well‐being. A multimethod qualitative study in 4 high‐migration communities in East Lombok, Indonesia, explored the strategic actions migrant parents take regarding birth registration. Families register children based on priorities, capacities, understanding of entitlements, and labyrinthine application processes. Three case studies describe the strategic actions families take with regards to registration to allow some measure of control over their children's well‐being: prioritising documents for adult migration; strictly conforming to registration requirements; and relying on false documentation. Findings suggest that parents' strategic actions result in limited family success in the context of weak state initiatives to link birth registration to valued resources for children and families.
Clinical outcomes of current medical approaches for Middle East respiratory syndrome: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Morra Mostafa Ebraheem , Van Thanh Le , Kamel Mohamed Gomaa , Ghazy Ahmed Abdelmotaleb , Altibi Ahmed M.A. , Dat Lu Minh , Thy Tran Ngoc Xuan , Vuong Nguyen Lam , Mostafa Mostafa Reda , Ahmed Sarah Ibrahim , Elabd Sahar Samy , Fathima Samreen , Le Huy Vu Tran , Omrani Ali S. , Memish Ziad A. , Hirayama Kenji , Huy Nguyen Tien 
Published: April 2018

SummaryMiddle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) is a respiratory disease caused by MERS coronavirus. Because of lack of vaccination, various studies investigated the therapeutic efficacy of antiviral drugs and supportive remedies. A systematic literature search from 10 databases was conducted and screened for relevant articles. Studies reporting information about the treatment of MERS coronavirus infection were extracted and analyzed. Despite receiving treatment with ribavirin plus IFN, the case fatality rate was as high as 71% in the IFN‐treatment group and exactly the same in patients who received supportive treatment only. Having chronic renal disease, diabetes mellitus and hypertension increased the risk of mortality (P < .05), and chronic renal disease is the best parameter to predict the mortality. The mean of survival days from onset of illness to death was 46.6 (95% CI, 30.5‐62.6) for the IFN group compared with 18.8 (95% CI, 10.3‐27.4) for the supportive‐only group (P = .001). Delay in starting treatment, older age group, and preexisting comorbidities are associated with worse outcomes. In conclusion, there is no difference between IFN treatment and supportive treatment for MERS patients in terms of mortality. However, ribavirin and IFN combination might have efficacious effects with timely administration and monitoring of adverse events. Large‐scale prospective randomized studies are required to assess the role of antiviral drugs for the treatment of this high mortality infection.
Continuous sliding‐mode control for singular systems
Authors: Hernández D. , Fridman L. , Golkani M. 
Published: April 2018

SummarySingular systems with matched Lipschitz perturbations and uncertainties are considered in this paper. Since continuous solutions of an impulse‐free singular system require continuous input signals, a two‐step continuous sliding‐mode control strategy to compensate matched Lipschitz perturbations and uncertainties in singular systems is proposed. Our suggested methodology is tested in a singular representation of a DC motor pendulum of relative degree two. The performance of the proposed strategy is assessed by comparing the accuracy, in both cases, with and without considering small noise in the output, obtained through other continuous sliding‐mode control, and reconstruction/compensation of perturbations and uncertainties techniques.
Distributed event‐triggered fixed‐time consensus for leader‐follower multiagent systems with nonlinear dynamics and uncertain disturbances
Authors: Liu Jian , Yu Yao , Sun Jia , Sun Changyin 
Published: April 2018

SummaryThis paper focuses on the distributed event‐triggered fixed‐time consensus control problem of leader‐follower multiagent systems with nonlinear dynamics and uncertain disturbances. Two distributed fixed‐time consensus protocols are proposed based on distributed event‐triggered strategies, which can substantially reduce energy consumption and the frequency of the controller updates. It is proved that under the proposed distributed event‐triggered consensus tracking control strategies, the Zeno behavior is avoided. Compared with the finite‐time consensus tracking, the fixed‐time consensus tracking can be achieved within a settling time regardless of the initial conditions. Finally, 2 examples are performed to validate the effectiveness of the distributed event‐triggered fixed‐time consensus tracking controllers.
Balanced containment control and cooperative timing of a multiagent system over random communication graphs
Authors: Kan Z. , Mehta S. S. , Shea J. M. , Curtis J. W. , Dixon W. E. 
Published: April 2018

SummaryA multiagent system is considered, which is tasked with the objective of approaching a predetermined target from a desired region to minimize detection and then simultaneously converge at the target. The considered cooperative timing problem consists of 2 stages: navigation and simultaneous arrival. During the navigation stage, the agents are driven from a distant starting point toward the target while restricting their motion within a desired area. Only a few agents (ie, leaders) are equipped with the desired bearing information to the target, whereas the remaining agents (ie, followers) may only have local feedback with neighboring agents to coordinate their headings. No range information to the target and no absolute or other relative position information among agents are available. The arrival stage begins when agents enter a neighborhood of the target (ie, range information becomes available during the arrival stage), and agents coordinate their motion to perform simultaneous arrival. The agents could experience random loss of communication with immediate neighbors, which results in a stochastic communication network. On the basis of the random communication network, balanced containment control is developed, which almost surely restricts the motion of the group within a desired region while equally spacing the agents. An almost sure consensus algorithm is designed for agents to coordinate the simultaneous arrival time by achieving a consensus on informed agents during the arrival stage. Simulation results demonstrate the performance of the developed approach.
Effects of projected climate on the hydrodynamic and sediment transport regime of the lower Athabasca River in Alberta, Canada
Authors: Dibike Y. , Shakibaeinia A. , Eum H.‐Il , Prowse T. , Droppo I. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe potential effects of climate change on the hydrodynamic and sediment transport regime of the lower Athabasca River (LAR) in Alberta, Canada, is investigated. Future climate projections for the region suggest a potential increase in mean air temperature and precipitation by about 2.8–7.1 °C and 8–25%, respectively, by the end of this century. Implications of these climatic changes on the hydrologic regime of the LAR are found to be significant with spring flows expected to increase by about 11–62% and 26–71% by the end of the century for a moderate and high emissions scenarios respectively with corresponding decreases in summer flows. The effects of such changes are examined using the MIKE‐11 hydrodynamic and sediment transport modelling system with inflow boundary conditions corresponding to the changing hydro‐climatic regime. The results suggest that there will be an overall increase in flow velocity, water level, and suspended sediment concentration and transport for most seasons except in the summer months when there may be some decreases. The projected changes in suspended sediment concentration will result in an overall increase in mean annual sediment load in the LAR and to the Peace Athabasca Delta by over 50% towards the latter part of this century (2080s) compared with the 1980s base‐line period. Implications of such potential changes in the transport characteristics of the river system to the mobilization and transport of various chemical constituents and their effects on the region's aquatic ecosystems are subjects of other ongoing investigations.
Concise Review: Rational Use of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in the Treatment of Ischemic Heart Disease
Authors: Ward Michael R. , Abadeh Armin , Connelly Kim A. 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
The capacity of stem and progenitor cells to stimulate cardiac regeneration has been studied for almost 20 years, with very promising preclinical data and mixed clinical results. Several cell types have been studied, identified by their cell surface markers, differentiation capacity and their secreted growth factors. Bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been found to have potent regenerative capacity, through multiple mechanisms, including mesoderm lineage differentiation, immunomodulation, and paracrine stimulation. MSCs also secrete exosomes and microvesicles, which themselves contain potent angiogenic cytokines or mRNA molecules with effects on their local milieu. This concise review summarizes the mechanisms of MSC-based cardiac regeneration and highlighting results from molecular and preclinical studies. We also discuss clinical trial results to date, and ongoing studies. Furthermore, we discuss novel approaches for the enhancement of MSC based cardiac regeneration, such as genetic modification.
Contactless Stimulation and Control of Biomimetic Nanotubes by Calcium Ion Gradients
Authors: Kirejev Vladimir , Ali Doosti Baharan , Shaali Mehrnaz , Jeffries Gavin D. M. , Lobovkina Tatsiana 
Published: April 2018

AbstractMembrane tubular structures are important communication pathways between cells and cellular compartments. Studying these structures in their native environment is challenging, due to the complexity of membranes and varying chemical conditions within and outside of the cells. This work demonstrates that a calcium ion gradient, applied to a synthetic lipid nanotube, triggers lipid flow directed toward the application site, resulting in the formation of a bulge aggregate. This bulge can be translated in a contactless manner by moving a calcium ion source along the lipid nanotube. Furthermore, entrapment of polystyrene nanobeads within the bulge does not tamper the bulge movement and allows transporting of the nanoparticle cargo along the lipid nanotube. In addition to the synthetic lipid nanotubes, the response of cell plasma membrane tethers to local calcium ion stimulation is investigated. The directed membrane transport in these tethers is observed, but with slower kinetics in comparison to the synthetic lipid nanotubes. The findings of this work demonstrate a novel and contactless mode of transport in lipid nanotubes, guided by local exposure to calcium ions. The observed lipid nanotube behavior can advance the current understanding of the cell membrane tubular structures, which are constantly reshaped during dynamic cellular processes.
Graphene Oxide Quantum Dots Exfoliated From Carbon Fibers by Microwave Irradiation: Two Photoluminescence Centers and Self‐Assembly Behavior
Authors: Yuan Jian‐Min , Zhao Rui , Wu Zhen‐Jun , Li Wei , Yang Xin‐Guo 
Published: April 2018

AbstractGraphene oxide quantum dots (GOQDs) attract great attention for their unique properties and promising application potential. The difficulty in the formation of a confined structure, and the numerous and diverse oxygen‐containing functional groups results in a low emission yield to GOQDs. Here, GOQDs with a size of about 5 nm, exfoliated from carbon fibers by microwave irradiation, are detected and analyzed. The exfoliated GOQDs are deeply oxidized and induce large numbers of epoxy groups and ether bonds, but only a small amount of carbonyl groups and hydroxyl groups. The subdomains of sp2 clusters, involving epoxy groups and ether bonds, are responsible for the two strong photoluminescence emissions of GOQDs under different excitation wavelengths. Moreover, GOQDs tend to self‐assemble at the edges of their planes to form self‐assembly films (SAFs) with the evaporation of water. SAFs can further assemble into different 3D patterns with unique microstructures such as sponge bulk, sponge ball, microsheet, sisal, and schistose coral, which are what applications such as supercapacitors, cells, catalysts, and electrochemical sensors need. This method for preparation of GOQDs is easy, quick, and environmentally friendly, and this work may open up new research interests about GOQDs.