bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Les « prémas » ne seraient-ils pas des vrais bébés ?
Authors: Bréhat Cécile , Thévenot Anne 
Published: October 2018

Cet article repose sur une recherche en psychopathologie clinique étudiant la construction du maternel dans les situations de grande prématurité. Les chercheurs, psychologues cliniciennes référées à la psychanalyse, ont effectué une analyse discursive et thématique d’entretiens de recherche réalisés auprès de cinq femmes vivant en couple ayant accouché de leur premier enfant entre 27 et 29 semaines d’aménorrhées. Les résultats indiquent que certaines mères ont un vécu traumatique de la naissance qui empêche la poursuite des rêveries maternelles et entrave l’investissement libidinal du bébé, fondateur dans le nouage des liens précoces. Malgré l’événement de corps et la vision de l’enfant prématuré, d’autres parviennent à maintenir un regard « auréolé ». La recherche montre aussi comment la création par le discours médical de la catégorie des « prémas » offrirait un cadre symbolique aux parents pour penser ces bébés nés trop tôt et relancerait leur capacité de rêverie.
Sur les rapports des classes populaires et moyennes à l’école (France, 1910-1950) : quelle « demande sociale » d’instruction prolongée ?
Authors: Chapoulie Jean-Michel 
Published: October 2018

À partir de l’exploitation des réponses à une enquête par questionnaires réalisée vers 1980 sur l’entrée dans l’enseignement primaire supérieur entre 1910 et 1950, l’article offre une analyse du rapport des classes populaires et des fractions inférieures des classes moyennes à une scolarisation prolongée au-delà de l’enseignement primaire élémentaire. Il accorde ainsi une signification à la notion, sans contenu empirique précis, de « demande d’éducation » mobilisée pour expliquer la prolongation d’études des garçons issus de ces catégories sociales. Si une partie, vraisemblablement restreinte, des familles concernées a poursuivi un projet de mobilité sociale, comme cela était fréquemment affirmé à l’époque, une amélioration modérée de la condition économique, des emplois moins exigeants physiquement, une sécurité plus grande dans l’emploi, ou simplement un accès à celui-ci dans les administrations ou de grandes industries, quand l’entreprise familiale était réservée à un autre enfant, ou que son déclin était anticipé, semblent des objectifs plus caractéristiques de la prolongation des études, à côté d’une fréquente soumission aux conseils et aux pressions des personnels de l’école. L’obtention de bourses, ainsi que l’action sur le terrain des administrateurs et des enseignants, ont été ainsi souvent décisives pour assurer un accès aux études prolongées, comme lors des prolongations ultérieures d’études également favorisées par les « goûts » acquis au cours de celles-ci.
De la défiguration à l’embellissement urbain : la publicité et la naissance d’une conscience paysagère à Shanghai (1905-1949)
Authors: Armand Cécile 
Published: October 2018

À rebours de l’historiographie dominante focalisée sur les représentations publicitaires, cet article propose d’explorer la publicité extérieure à Shanghai de 1905 à 1949 en accordant une attention particulière à la matérialité des publicités et aux acteurs impliqués dans leur fabrique. Il s’agit dès lors de retracer la genèse d’une conscience paysagère qui s’articule en trois temps : jusqu’au milieu des années 1920, celle-ci émerge d’abord sur un mode flou et négatif ; l’administration et l’opinion publique s’inquiètent de la défiguration paysagère. Dès les années 1920, les professionnels en quête de légitimité font cependant de la publicité un outil de valorisation urbaine. Les pressions de l’opinion publique et de la profession publicitaire poussent l’administration à préciser les contours de l’esthétique urbaine et des paysages à préserver. Poursuivant le même objectif (protéger les quartiers résidentiels), les administrations étrangères adoptent des stratégies différentes (taxer pour dissuader dans la Concession internationale, zoner pour interdire dans la Concession française). À la fin de la période, la conscience paysagère glisse de l’esthétique à l’hygiène puis à l’ordre public en temps de guerre (1937-1943). À travers l’étude des paysages publicitaires à Shanghai, cette étude montre que la publicité urbaine offre un laboratoire où s’inventent de nouvelles manières de voir et vivre la ville au début du XX e siècle.
« Citizen Nader », ou l’action citoyenne comme mode de réforme du gouvernement dans les années 1970
Authors: Peretz Pauline 
Published: October 2018

Aux États-Unis, les années 1970 sont généralement associées à des manifestations de défiance conservatrice à l’égard d’un État dont la légitimité est mise en doute. Pourtant, elles ont également vu apparaître des mobilisations citoyennes d’inspiration progressiste, visant la réforme du gouvernement. L’activiste et lanceur d’alerte Ralph Nader en a été une des figures de proue. À la tête de son groupe d’intérêt Public Citizen, il a défendu une conception active de la citoyenneté qui devait conduire à l’ouverture et la démocratisation de l’État, dans ses dimensions à la fois administrative et représentative. Cet article montre comment Nader a voulu faire du citoyen un agent de changement, pouvant exercer son influence politique grâce à des instruments de contrôle fournis par des professionnels.
Pirzad’s Diasporic Transnational Subjects in “A Day Before Easter”
Authors: Yaghoobi Claudia 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
In “A Day Before Easter,” Zoya Pirzad highlights the fact that despite the forced dislocation and the necessarily hybrid existence of Armenians in Iran, Armenians have by and large adopted a monolithic notion of who they are. Bringing the characters’ diasporic consciousness to light, this article argues that Iranian Armenian identity reflects the cultural clashes that are an inevitable consequence of such an interweaving of cultures and histories across religious and ethnic divides. However, the lived reality for Iranian Armenians has changed over time. Taking into account the Armenians’ forced relocation and their citizenship in Iran, this article considers Pirzad’s new generation as diasporic transnational subjects.
Rámce a roviny krivých obvinení zo sexuálneho zneužívania detí
Authors: Karkošková Slávka , Mikulášková Gabriela 
Published: October 2018

Štúdia sa venuje otázke výskytu sexuálneho zneužívania detí (CSA) a problému latencie. Upozorňuje, že pri úsilí o identifikáciu prípadov CSA hrozí dvojaké riziko mylných záverov (mylne pozitívne a mylne negatívne závery). Zdôrazňuje, že nepodložené a nepravdivé obvinenia nie sú synonymom krivých obvinení a ponúka prierez teoretickým modelom ciest k nepravdivým obvineniam z CSA. Sumarizuje výsledky a limity zahraničných výskumov o výskyte krivých obvinení z CSA. Objasňuje prečo profesionálna skúsenosť ani systematické metódy posudzovania vierohodnosti výpovede nie sú spoľahlivými nástrojmi na odhalenie krivých obvinení z CSA. Pobáda k obozretnosti pred trúfalými tvrdeniami o výskyte krivých obvinení z CSA.
Veterans (Librarians) Helping Veterans
Authors: Adamich Tom 
Published: October 2018

Libraries serving veterans and veterans’ needs is not a new concept. More than 120,000 libraries across the United States support veterans by providing “safe places where people care and want to help, and where core professional values of respect and confidentiality are upheld.” This role defines not only the inherent service mission of libraries in general, but also the democratic and inclusive qualities that library workers strive to uphold daily.
A Frequency Domain-Based Sensitivity Study of a Submarine Manoeuvring Model
Authors: Giles Siobhan , Valentinis Francis 
Published: October 2018

A frequency domain-based analysis of a submarine maneuvering model has been completed and used to study the effects of parameter uncertainty. The maneuvering model of the BB1-X submarine has been analyzed for the purpose of understanding the consequences of reduced input fidelity. Inputs were varied individually and ranked based on the resulting deviation from the original model. The model was also reduced to include fewer degrees of freedom or dynamic effects and compared with the original fully detailed model. The intention of this study is to determine which data are most crucial to the accurate maneuvering simulation of a submarine. Depending on the application of such a model, certain accuracies may be sacrificed to reduce resource requirements and save cost. The results of this study give some guidance as to which types of parametric data need to be the most detailed. Although the results will not give exact sensitivities for all submarine maneuvering models, it will give an indication of which areas should be focused on.

1. Introduction
Producing a maneuvering model of a submarine must always be a balance between desired model fidelity and available resource and time. Depending on the purpose of a particular model, fidelity may be sacrificed in certain areas in the interests of reducing computational time or data input requirements. Before making this reduction, however, it is important to understand how various simplifications will affect the overall dynamic characteristics. If this is well understood, the process of creating models that are fit for purpose can be streamlined.
The parametric data for a maneuvering model are often produced through experimental work or computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations. A certain amount of force and moment data can provide sufficient information to calculate a set of hydrodynamic coefficients which are used to populate a maneuvering model. The higher the data requirements, the longer these processes take. When reducing the extent of parametric data required, it is desirable to reduce detail in a manner which has minimal effect on the maneuvering model, and therefore, it is important to know which of the hydrodynamic coefficients are the most significant. For submarines, there is very little documented information about this in the open literature. An effort to describe the significance of some coefficients was first attempted by Ray et al. (2010). Ray provides an analysis of the hydrodynamic coefficients and their effect on a longitudinal zigzag maneuver. The analysis, however, focuses on eight coefficients and vertical plane motion only. The analysis in this report is significantly more comprehensive.
Do an ecosystem engineer and environmental gradient act independently or in concert to shape juvenile plant communities? Tests with the leaf-cutter antAtta laevigatain a Neotropical savanna
Authors: Costa Alan N. , Bruna Emilio M. , Vasconcelos Heraldo L. 
Published: October 2018

BackgroundEcosystem engineers are species that transform habitats in ways that influence other species.While the impacts of many engineers have been well described, our understanding of how their impact varies along environmental gradients remains limited. Although disentangling the effects of gradients and engineers on biodiversity is complicated—the gradients themselves can be altered by engineers—doing so is necessary to advance conceptual and mathematical models of ecosystem engineering. We used leaf-cutter ants (Attaspp.) to investigate the relative influence of gradients and environmental engineers on the abundance and species richness of woody plants.MethodsWe conducted our research in South America’sCerrado. With a survey of plant recruits along a canopy cover gradient, and data on environmental conditions that influence plant recruitment, we fit statistical models that addressed the following questions: (1) DoesA. laevigatamodify the gradient in canopy cover found in our Cerrado site? (2) Do environmental conditions that influence woody plant establishment in the Cerrado vary with canopy cover or proximity toA. laevigatanests? (3) DoA. laevigataand canopy cover act independently or in concert to influence recruit abundance and species richness?ResultsWe found that environmental conditions previously shown to influence plant establishment in theCerradovaried in concert with canopy cover, but that ants are not modifying the cover gradient or cover over nests. However, ants are modifying other local environmental conditions, and the magnitude and spatial extent of these changes are consistent across the gradient. In contrast to prior studies, we found that ant-related factors (e.g., proximity to nests, ant changes in surface conditions), rather than canopy cover, had the strongest effect on the abundance of plant recruits. However, the diversity of plants was influenced by both the engineer and the canopy cover gradient.DiscussionAtta laevigatain the Cerrado modify local conditions in ways that have strong but spatially restricted consequences for plant communities. We hypothesize that ants indirectly reduce seedling establishment by clearing litter and reducing soil moisture, which leads to seed and seedling desiccation. Altering soil nutrients could also reduce juvenile growth and survivorship; if so these indirect negative effects of engineering could exacerbate their direct effects of harvesting plants. The effects ofAttaappear restricted to nest mounds, but they could be long-lasting because mounds persist long after a colony has died or migrated. Our results support the hypothesis that leaf-cutter ants play a dominant role in Cerrado plant demography. We suggest the ecological and economic footprint of these engineers may increase dramatically in coming decades due to the transformation of the Cerrado by human activities.
A late surviving Pliocene seal from high latitudes of the North Atlantic realm: the latest monachine seal on the southern margin of the North Sea
Authors: Dewaele Leonard , Lambert Olivier , Louwye Stephen 
Published: October 2018

BackgroundThe family of true seals, the Phocidae, is subdivided into two subfamilies: the southern Monachinae, and the northern Phocinae, following the subfamilies’ current distribution: extant Monachinae are largely restricted to the (sub-)Antarctic and the eastern Pacific, with historical distributions of the monk seals of the genusMonachusin the Caribbean, the Mediterranean and around Hawaii; and Phocinae to the northern temperate and Arctic zones. However, the fossil record shows that Monachinae were common in the North Atlantic realm during the late Miocene and early Pliocene. Until now, only one late Pliocene record is known from the Mediterranean,Pliophoca etruscafrom Tuscany, Italy, but none from farther north in the North Atlantic.MethodsWe present the description of one partial phocid humerus collected in the early 20thcentury from the Antwerp area (Belgium), with an assessment of its stratigraphic origin using data from the literature.ResultsThe studied humerus was recovered during construction works at the former Lefèvre dock in the Antwerp harbour (currently part of the America dock). Combining the information associated to the specimen with data from the literature and from local boreholes, the upper Pliocene Lillo Formation is ascertained as the lithological unit from which the specimen originates. Morphologically, among other features the shape of the deltopectoral crest and the poor development of the supinator crest indicates a monachine attribution for this specimen. The development of the deltopectoral crest is closer to the condition in extant Monachinae than in extinct Monachinae.DiscussionThe presented specimen most likely represents a monachine seal and a literature study clearly shows that it came from the latest early to late Pliocene Lillo Formation. This would be the first known monachine specimen from the latest early to late Pliocene of the North Sea, and more broadly from the northern part of the North Atlantic realm. This humerus differs from the humerus ofP. etruscaand suggests a higher diversity of Monachinae in the latest early to late Pliocene than previously assumed.
Não só mandingas: QaִSīdat al-Burda, poesia ascética (zuhdiyyāt) e as Maqāmāt de al-Ḥarīrī nos escritos dos negros muçulmanos no Brasil oitocentista
Authors: Dobronravin Nikolay 
Published: October 2018

<p class="abstract">Neste artigo, trata-se da descoberta dos textos (inclusive citações) literários nos manuscritos que foram produzidos e conservados pelos africanos no Brasil escravista. A lista agora estabelecida das obras conhecidas pelos escravos cultos já inclui os poemas árabes de al-Būṣīrī e de Abū Madyan al-Tilimsānī, versos sobre a sabedoria e a educação moral, pelo menos uma citação de “Maqāmāt” de al-Ḥarīrī. pesquisa sistemática permitiu mostrar também que os negros muçulmanos estavam familiarizados com a escrita ajami (com caracteres árabes) em línguas africanas, tais como hauçá, mandinga e soninquê. Os problemas não resolvidos são discutidos, como a localização das escolas e mestres muçulmanos no Brasil oitocentista.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Palavras-chave</strong>: cultura afro-brasileira - Islam - manuscritos - ajami -literatura árabe.</p><p class="texto" align="left"> </p><p class="texto" align="left"><em><sup> </sup></em></p><p class="abstract"> </p><p class="abstract"> </p>
O RECRUTAMENTO DE NEGROS NAS TROPAS DA UNIÃO DURANTE A GUERRA CIVIL AMERICANA
Authors: Izecksohn Vitor 
Published: October 2018

<p>Este artigo discute os dilemas do alistamento de Afro-Americanos, culminando no difícil, complicado e bem-sucedido arranjo que levou à criação dos United States Colored Troops (USCTs), as tropas negras que lutaram pelo exército da União durante a Guerra Civil (1861-1865). Após um breve histórico da participação dos negros nas guerras travadas pelos Estados Unidos no período anterior à secessão, investigarei as condições sob as quais a administração republicana decidiu pelo recrutamento de Afro-Americanos. O presente artigo examinará as controvérsias políticas que marcaram o recrutamento e a organização específica dessas unidades de combate. Finalmente, demonstrarei como o recrutamento dos Afro-Americanos, especialmente no Sul, acelerou o processo de abolição e concessão de direitos, beneficiando livres, libertos e escravos. </p>
A CHEGADA PORTUGUESA À COSTA OCIDENTAL AFRICANA E A IMAGEM DOS NEGROS SEGUNDO A CRÔNICA DE GOMES EANES DE ZURARA (1453)
Authors: Eugenio Alisson , Marcelino Mara Lúcia De Cabral 
Published: October 2018

<p class="abstract">O objetivo deste artigo é compreender as narrativas como uma forma de ação política, ou seja, como elas foram utilizadas como instrumento de poder; nesse caso, o poder de construir uma imagem sobre o outro e, a partir dessa construção, justificar a dominação sobre ele. Assim, analisa-se como Gomes Eanes de Zurara, autor da <em>Crônica da Guiné</em>, narrou o processo inicial da chegada portuguesa à costa ocidental africana e construiu uma imagem detratora dos seus habitantes, a fim de obter do papado autorização para explorar a região.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Palavras-chave</strong>: Zurara - <em>Crônica da Guiné</em> - África e negros.</p><p class="abstract"><strong><em>Abstract</em></strong></p><p class="abstract"><em>The purpose of this article is to understand narratives as a form of political action, that is, how they were used as an instrument of power; In this case the power to build one image on the other and, from this construction, justify domination over it. Thus, it will be analyzed how Gomes Eanes de Zurara, author of the </em>Chronicle of Guinea<em>, narrated the initial process of the Portuguese arrival of the West African coast and built a detractive image of its inhabitants, in order to obtain from the papacy to explore the region.</em></p><p class="abstract"><strong><em>Keywords</em></strong>: <em>Zurara - </em>Chronicle of Guinea<em> - Africa and blacks.</em></p><p> </p><p> </p><p> </p><p> </p>
ESTUDO PROSPECTIVO DE ÁCIDO LÁTICO PRODUZIDO POR LEVEDURAS EM GLICEROL BRUTO
Authors: Doroteu Leandro Rodrigues , Raymundo Fabricio De Andrade , Emidio Rogerio De Jesus Camargo , Gomes Marcilene Cordeiro , Areda Camila Alves , Gris Eliana Fortes , Ghesti Grace Ferreira , Nascimento Paulo Gustavo Barboni Dantas , Parachin Nadia Skorupa , Ferreira Eduardo Antonio 
Published: October 2018

<p>O presente trabalho é um estudo prospectivo acerca da produção de poli(ácido lático) (PLA) por leveduras utilizando resíduos industriais (glicerol) como fonte de energia. O PLA é a base para a produção de plásticos biodegradáveis (biopolímeros) produzidos em grande escala, a partir de subprodutos da indústria do biodiesel – fontes renováveis. A produção por rota biológica, além da solução no descarte de subprodutos industriais, amplia a utilização do PLA, destacando-se a indústria cosmética e para aplicações no corpo humano, como preenchimento facial, agregando valor ao produto. Utilizou-se como metodologia a tendência de pesquisa, medida pela produção de artigos científicos, em conjunto com a análise de registro de patentes. Optou-se pela utilização de quatro as bases: <em>Espacenet</em> e<em> Patentscope</em> (patentes); <em>Web of Science</em> e <em>Google Acadêmico</em> (artigos). Os resultados demostraram que a tecnologia em questão se encontra em nível de desenvolvimento em relação ao ciclo de vida da tecnologia, como uma tecnologia em estágio de escalonamento, ainda em andamento. Com base nas patentes analisadas foi possível verificar que o maior recorte das tecnologias dessa produção está entre os TRL4 a TRL6. De modo geral, a prospecção aponta uma promissora perspectiva na produção de PLA por leveduras a partir de glicerol para a indústria.</p><p> </p>
Recent Progress in Additive Manufacturing of Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composite
Authors: Goh Guo Dong , Yap Yee Ling , Agarwala Shweta , Yeong Wai Yee 
Published: October 2018

AbstractAdditive manufacturing (AM) has brought about a revolution in the way we can manufacture complex products with customized features. AM has paved its way in the application areas ranging from aerospace, automotive, consumer to biomedical. AM of composites has attracted special attention due to its promise in improving, modifying, and diversifying the properties of generic materials through introducing reinforcements. This review provides a detailed landscape of fiber‐reinforced composites processed via AM techniques. Different AM processes, various material formulations, and strengths and drawbacks of AM methods are discussed. Emphasis is paid to AM techniques focusing on continuous fibers, as they hold the promise of becoming the next‐generation composite fabrication methodology. The article also tries to identify the potential of AM technology for fiber‐reinforced composites and delves into challenges facing the area.
Vertical Step‐Growth Polymerization Driven by Electrochemical Stimuli from an Electrode
Authors: Zhang Jian , Du Jia , Wang Jinxin , Wang Yanfang , Wei Chang , Li Mao 
Published: October 2018

AbstractWe present herein the vertical step‐growth polymerization of a monomer A‐B through individual A–A or B–B coupling driven by electrochemical switching of positive and negative bias on a self‐assembled A or B electrode. The monomer RuII(bda)AB (bda=2,2′‐bipyridine‐6,6′‐dicarboxylate), in which A and B are pyridine moieties with pendant carbazolyl and vinyl groups, could be dimerized at oxidative (ca. 1.0 V vs. Ag/Ag+) or reductive potential (ca. −1.8 V) to give a self‐assembled RuII(bda)PA or RuII(bda)PB monolayer (P=pyridine with a pendant phosphonic acid) on ITO glass. This polymerization enabled the sequence‐ and topology‐controlled synthesis of surface‐confined molecular wires with single‐molecule precision on an electrode. The electrocatalytic performance of the vertically orientated molecular wires for water oxidation increased with increasing molecular length and exceeded that of both the self‐assembled monolayer and a randomly electropolymerized film, which have previously been studied as typical models.