bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Securing Automotive Networks from DoS and Fuzzy Attacks with Optimized LSTM Models
Authors: W Beniel Dennyson , C Jothikumar 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

The rapid development of intelligently connected automobiles has been greatly facilitated by the profound integration of technologically advanced networked devices and automotive innovation. The Controller Area Network (CAN) communicates to all connected devices called nodes inside a vehicle without verifying the addresses of those nodes to facilitate network connectivity within the vehicle. Because of this, it is highly susceptible since it lacks the authentication and authorization protocols, leading to all possible attack varieties. By integrating the Bacterial Foraging Optimization (BFO) technique with a Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) neural network, the system presents a novel idea to identify and avert fuzzy and Denial of Service (DoS) attacks on the CAN bus system. The effectiveness of the suggested method is proven by extensive experiments conducted on real-world car hacking datasets. The related CAN data features optimized for feature selection can be retrieved using the BFO algorithm. The LSTM model's features identify irregular CAN bus activity by learning complicated temporal patterns and capturing long-term dependencies. The methods, like rate limits, filtering IDs of high-priority messages, and preventing malicious congestion, are implemented to avoid DoS attacks. System responses to fuzzy attacks include correcting abnormal communication patterns, avoiding random IDs, and filtering attacked data. The results show that the methodology improves the security of automotive networks by detecting CAN bus attacks with high accuracy, low False Positive Rates (FPR), and efficient attack prevention capabilities.
Optimizing effects of organic farming and moderately low nitrogen levels on soil carbon and nitrogen pools, humus composition and related enzyme activities
Authors: Wang Guanghua , Chen Yuanjie , Chen Yuqi , Yu Shilong , Huang Xiaomin , Jiang Min , Zhang Zujian , Huang Lifen 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

With the development of intensive agriculture, soil health issues has received widespread attention. However, the mechanism of response to soil carbon and nitrogen pool sequestration characteristics under different cultivation practices in combination with nitrogen application is not yet elucidated. This limits the idea of trying to improve the soil biosystem in paddy fields through organic cultivation combined with appropriate nitrogen reduction fertilization. A split-plot design was employed, with cultivation methods (organic cultivation [OF] and conventional cultivation [CF]) and nitrogen levels (pure nitrogen at 180 kg·hm− 2 [N12] and pure nitrogen at 270 kg·hm− 2 [N18]) combined into four treatments. The impacts of organic and conventional cultivation as well as different nitrogen fertilizer application rates on soil properties were compared. The results demonstrated that organic cultivation combined with appropriate nitrogen reduction significantly increased the total carbon content of the surface soil and significantly increased the organic carbon content in the soil. Soil ammonium nitrogen content showed an overall trend of decreasing and then increasing, while the opposite was true for soil nitrate nitrogen content. Notably, the organic cultivation increased the activity of enzymes involved in the carbon and nitrogen cycle and the content of humic acid in the tillage layer, which led to the improvement of the soil aggregate structure.This research indicates that organic cultivation combined with appropriate nitrogen reduction fertilization positively affects soil carbon and nitrogen pool characteristics. This study provides new insights for restoring soil fertility and promoting sustainable agriculture.
Clinical and Neuropsychological Correlates of Substance Use Disorders in a Sample of Egyptian Adolescents with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Authors: Arafa Omar E. , Eldeeb Fatma A. , Hodeib Hossam A. , Seleem Mohammad A. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has a high comorbidity with substance use disorders (SUDs). The overlap between ADHD and SUD in both adolescents and adults is one of the areas of increasing clinical and public health interest. The current study aimed to investigate the demographic and clinical characteristics of individual with ADHD and comorbid SUDs during the adolescence period in comparison to those with ADHD without SUDs. Thirty adolescents aged 13–21 with ADHD, half of them with comorbid SUD, were interviewed using the Kiddie Schedule of affective disorders and schizophrenia. The Arabic version of Conners' Parent Rating Scale, urine screening for substances of abuse and the electronic version of the Continuous performance test − 3 (X-version) (CPT3-X) were used to evaluate the adolescents.
Results
subjects with ADHD and SUD were more likely to be males (86.7%) older than 17 years old (73.3%). They showed higher impulsivity and lower vigilance on CPT3-X than those with ADHD alone. The hyperactive/impulsive subtype of ADHD was the most significant variable that predicted comorbid SUD (p = 0.016), followed by comorbid conduct disorder (p = 0.017), then severe degree of ADHD (p = 0.018), and finally commission errors which indicates impulsivity in ADHD patients in CPT3-X (P-value 0.029).
Conclusions
Older males with severe ADHD, prominent hyperactive/impulsive symptoms, and comorbid conduct problems are at a specifically high risk to use substances during adolescence. High commission errors and high variability of performance in CPT might also distinguish youth with ADHD + SUD from those with ADHD only. Early intervention programs should be put in place to identify and protect these subjects from substance use in their early years of adolescence.
Analytical and numerical solution of MHD flow and heat transfer of a viscoelastic fluid in wire coating analysis
Authors: K T. Sravan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

This study focusses on the wire coating process to insulate conducting wires with molten polymers for mechanical strength and defense in harsh conditions. The third-grade fluid model is satisfied in the current study on wire coating, which is carried by utilizing radiative melt polymer. This study is new as it examines how wire coating is affected by porosity, thermal radiation parameter, and variable temperature dependent viscosity. The Reynolds Model and Vogel’s Model have considered temperature-dependent viscosity. The non-linear differential equations are resolved regular perturbation approaches as well as by fourth order R-K method. Heat transfer phenomena, and graphs are used to illustrate the impacts of the relevant parameters. It is noteworthy that while the results previously provided show that a rise in non-Newtonian parameters improves velocity in the absence of porous matrix, this effect is reversed in the presence of porous matrix. It is also interesting to note that in the presence of a porous matrix, the process is accelerated by an increase in the heat radiation parameter. Furthermore, Vogel’s model clearly illustrates the flow instability in the flows of the extrusion die.
A Secondary Adaptive Droop Controller for Voltage/ Frequency Restoration, and Active/Reactive Power Sharing for Hybrid AC/DC Smart Microgrids
Authors: Sedhom Bishoy , Badran Ebrahim , Mansy Ibrahim , Elfadawy Ommohamed 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Smart hybrid microgrid (H- SMG) power systems face the significant challenge of achieving fast power sharing and stable performance. This paper proposes a new secondary adaptive droop controller strategy to solve this challenge in the H-SMG. The conventional droop controller technique used in inverter-based H-SMG systems is unable to provide satisfactory performance easily, as selecting a high droop controller gain to achieve fast power sharing can reduce the system’s stability. The proposed controller used to enhance the primary controller’s performance, providing an accurate coefficient for the droop controller, voltage and current controllers. It can improve power qualities of the H-SMGs such as frequency/ voltage while maintaining proper power sharing between two SMGs. A secondary adaptive droop controller is easy to implement to damp the frequency and voltage caused by load-sharing between the inverters and improving active/ reactive power sharing for H-SMG. The simulation results under various operating scenarios are studied to verify the proposed controller. The results show that the proposed secondary adaptive droop controller significantly contributes to preserving SMG stability and reliability overall. The proposed controller improves the system’s stability margins, ensures faster power sharing, and reduces oscillations and variations in the system voltage/ frequency.
A Mendelian Randomization Study for Liposome on oral potentially malignant disorders and oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Su Kaixin , Mi Jia , Wang Rifu , Zhou Jian , Yan Fei , Liu Ousheng 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Introduction and aims: In oral mucosal disease (OMD), oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC) and oral potentially malignant disorders(OPMD), such as oral lichen planus (OLP) and oral leukoplakia (OLK), have the most complex etiology and worst prognosis among all OMDs. The use of liposomes shows great potential in diagnosing, treating, and preventing the mentioned diseases. Using mendelian randomization to explore the correlation between liposomes and OPMD as well as oral cancer, aiming to enhance the potential impact of liposomal genetic variations on early detection and treatment of oral diseases.
Methods: This Mendelian randomization study utilized data from 7174 GWAS participants from GeneRISK, Finland, examining 179 lipid species. SNPs associated with OSCC, OLP, and OLK were analyzed using the inverse variance weighted (IVW) method, weighted mode, weighted median (WM), and MR-Egger methods. Sensitivity analysis was conducted with Cochrane's Q test and MR-PRESSO.
Results: IVW analysis identified six liposome types associated with OSCC, 21 with OLP, and seven with OLK (p<0.05). Notable protective factors for OSCC included specific triacylglycerol, while OLK-related liposomes presented opposite risk factors. OLP-associated lipids included three risk-associated triglycerides. No heterogeneity or horizontal pleiotropy was detected, confirming the robustness of the findings.
Conclusion: The study highlighted similarities in the metabolic components of the blood lipidome among OSCC, OLP, and OLK, though liposomes with identical structures exhibited differing effects on disease pathogenesis.The study revealed the protective and risk effects of liposomes on OLP, OLK, and OSCC, highlighting their dual nature. Related lipidomics support non-invasive disease identification in OPMD conditions, offering a potential strategy for targeted prevention and drug treatment.
Origin of the Solar-Cycle Imprint on Global Sea Level Change
Authors: Masuda Shuhei , Matthews John , Yamashiki Yosuke 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

In order to improve insight into the causes of sea-level variability we investigate poorly understood 11-year solar-cyclic oscillations in the temporal rate of global sea-level change. Our approach is based mainly on a thorough reassessment of relevant historical datasets and on an analysis of precise altimetric sea-height observations. We first demonstrate that the temporal rates of change of water volumes stored on land also fluctuate on comparable 11-year timescales, suggesting that the solar-cyclic sea level oscillations we observe result from adjustments taking place in the water-mass balance between the oceanic and terrestrial realms. We then show that these water-mass transfers result primarily from systematic changes that take place in the El Niño Southern Oscillation during the course of the solar cycle. We interpret these evolutionary changes on the basis of a causal sequence that commences within the Quasi-Biennial-Oscillation, a system of regular upper-atmospheric wind reversals that exhibits a clear solar-cyclic dependence and has a well-defined impact on the development of the Madden Julian Oscillation. The latter can influence the strength and rate of evolution of the El Niño Southern Oscillation which, in turn, determines the level of net terrestrial water storage through its effect on rainfall patterns. Recognition of this underlying solar-cyclic modulation advances our understanding of the factors determining historical and future variability in global mean sea level.
Emergence of insulating ferro- and ferrimagnetism with enhanced optical properties in double-double perovskite oxides
Authors: Shaikh Monirul , Zhou Fengyi , Buvaneswaran Sathyamoorthi , Gowsalya Rajan , Sahoo Trilochan , Wang Duo , Ghosh Saurabh 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

The emergence of ferro-and ferrimagnetic behavior in insulating materials is uncommon, largely due to Pauli’s exclusion principle, which typically favors antiferromagnetic spin alignment between neighboring species. Utilizing symmetry analysis, first-principles methods, and classical Monte Carlo simulations, we report technologically important insulating ferro-and ferrimagnetic double-double perovskite oxides. Our study identifies LaA ′ MnNiO6 (A ′ = V, Cr, Mn, Co, and Ni) as promising candidates exhibiting band gaps between 1.3 eV and 2.2 eV, calculated using the modified Becke-Johnson exchange-correlation potential. These compounds are particularly relevant for spintronic and optical applications. We explain the mechanisms driving band gap openings and magnetic exchange interactions in these ferro-and ferrimagnetic compounds. Monte Carlo simulations, together with state-of-the-art orbital-decomposed exchange parameter analysis, reveal intriguing variations in magnetic transition temperatures (up to 242 K) and the corresponding exchange mechanisms in all LaA ′ MnNiO6 compounds are discussed. Additionally, we assess the thermody-namic and dynamic stability of these compounds, confirming their feasibility for practical applications.
Location-allocation of a Biorefinery Based on Linguistic Mixed Integer Nonlinear Mathematical Modeling
Authors: Fan Lei , Karimi Negar , Feylizadeh Mohammad Reza , Khorshidnia Mohsen , Esmaeeli Ehsan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Significant research is currently being conducted to explore renewable energy sources, such as biomass fuel, in response to recent fluctuations in fossil fuel prices and environmental concerns. However, utilizing biomass energy poses challenges due to the widespread distribution of feedstock and the need to transport multiple low-energy-density materials to conversion facilities. In this investigation, a Linguistics Mixed Integer Nonlinear Programming (LMINLP) approach with Z-number computations was employed to analyze the optimal allocation of locations for a bio-refinery supply chain network. This proposed method significantly impacted the product process, time value for plutocrats, installation investment costs, and transportation network. This research aims to construct an LMINLP model to determine the optimal position of a single installation within a bio-refinery. The primary goal was to make well-informed investment decisions regarding technologies, facilities, capacities, and site selections. A firefly algorithm incorporating a piecewise linearization approach was utilized to solve the model and achieve global optimality. The model's effectiveness was demonstrated through numerical examples, including those from the ethanol industry.
Psychometric Properties of the Arabic Translation of the Shitsu-Taikan-Sho (alexisomia) Scale (AR-STSS) in adults
Authors: Samaha Serena , Malaeb Diana , Sakr Fouad , Dabbous Mariam , Hallit Souheil , Fekih-Romdhane Feten , Obeid Sahar 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Objective
Our aim in this study is to assess the psychometric properties of the Arabic version of the Shitsu-Taikan-Sho (Alexisomia) Scale (Ar-STSS) in a sample of Lebanese adults.
Methods
Data for this cross-sectional study was gathered using a Google form link. A sample of 758 Lebanese adults (61.2% females, mean age of 30.27 ± 13.80 years) completed an online questionnaire.
Results
According to CFA, the initial model's fit was poor: χ2/df = 1266.51/227 = 5.58, RMSEA = .099 (90% CI .094, .104), SRMR = .114, CFI = .748, TLI = .719. The Turkish model's CFA indicated a better fit: χ2/df = 474.70/132 = 3.60, RMSEA = .075 (90% CI .067, .082), SRMR = .071, CFI = .886, TLI = .867. The second-order model's fit indices were good: χ2/df = 474.70/132 = 3.60, RMSEA = .075 (90% CI .067, .082), SRMR = .071, CFI = .886, TLI = .867. The composite reliability of the scores was adequate (ω = .89). No significant difference was observed between sex in terms of alexisomia (53.19 ± 13.58 vs 52.28 ± 11.93; t(465) = .76; p = .450). Higher alexisomia were significantly associated with higher alexithymia (r = .50; p < .001), depression (r = .37; p < .001) and anxiety (r = .26; p < .001).
Conclusion
The linguistically validated Arabic version of the Shitsu-Taikan-Sho (Alexisomia) Scale can be used to screen for alexisomia among Lebanese adults.
Diagnosis and Management of Cyclic Vomiting Syndrome in a Dog: First Report in Veterinary Medicine
Authors: Joo Jae-Beom , Kim Keon , Ro Woong-Bin , Lee Chang-Min 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Cyclic vomiting syndrome (CVS) is an idiopathic chronic disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of vomiting that are often triggered by psychological stressors and circadian rhythms. While CVS is well-documented in human medicine, this report details the first diagnosis of CVS in veterinary medicine.
Case presentation
A 16-year-old neutered male Maltese dog presented with a history of daily vomiting that was unresponsive to standard antiemetic therapies. On physical examination, hematologic tests, radiography, ultrasonography, computed tomography, fluoroscopy, and endoscopy, gastrointestinal and metabolic causes of vomiting were ruled out. In addition, to rule out neurogenic causes of vomiting, magnetic resonance imaging, cerebrospinal fluid analysis, and electroencephalography were performed and showed no remarkable findings. Based on the distinctive vomiting pattern characterized by stress-induced symptoms and association with the circadian rhythm as well as consistency with the clinical criteria used in humans (Rome criteria), the dog was diagnosed with CVS. Therapeutic trials with anticonvulsants, including phenobarbital and levetiracetam, successfully controlled the dog’s clinical signs, which were unresponsive to conventional treatments.
Conclusions
This case emphasizes the potential for CVS in canine species and highlights the need for further exploration of neurogenic vomiting disorders in dogs.
Acoustic and Vibrational Properties of the American Horseshoe Crab Shell
Authors: Altschuler Graham , Fink Yoel , Zhao Yongyi , Seda David , Lustov Sunny , Chabot Christopher , Yang Grace 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Among the most ancient living species on earth the Limulus polyphemus has evolved extraordinarily effective survival strategies. Covered by a shell of chitin exhibiting physical properties that set it apart from other shell bearing animals: including a low density of 0.15 [g/cm3], a complex gradient of thickness, and a closed porous structure. It is reasonable to assume that the role of the shell is to shield the soft tissue of the crab from predators; however, one would expect that its mechanical strength would be high and yet this shell is comparatively weak. At the same time, it displays a structural complexity yielding a high acoustic impedance mismatch with water. These observations raise the prospect that the shell may be contributing in other ways to the crab’s survival. Harnessing ultiple measurement approaches we study physiological sources of sound including the magnitude of heart and gill movement as expressed close to the source of excitation itself as well as its vibrational impact on the motion of the shell surface. Gill motion and heartbeat, which generate large macroscopic displacements below the shell result in sub microns vibration of the shell surface. Given the large impedance mismatch with water, we show through sound transmission measurements that that the shell has very high acoustic reflectivity below 1000 Hz corroborated by a finite element analysis. These observations raise the prospect that the Limulus polyphemus shell may serve as an acoustic and vibration attenuator, lowering the vibration and acoustic signature of the horseshoe crab and conferring a potential survival advantage.
Pyrroloquinoline Quinone (PQQ) Potentiates Chemo- and Radiosensitization of Cancer Cells in Synergistic way
Authors: Lal Mitu , Rajpurohit Yogendra Singh 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ), a naturally occurring redox cofactor, has demonstrated a wide range of biological activities, particularly its ability to modulate mitochondrial function and reactive oxygen species (ROS). This study aimed to evaluate the potential of PQQ to enhance the efficacy of chemotherapeutic drugs and radiation in cancer cell lines (A549, MCF-7, and HT-29). Results revealed that PQQ significantly reduced cell viability in a dose-and time-dependent manner, particularly in combination with chemotherapeutic drugs (5-FU, Tamoxifen, Carboplatin, and Doxorubicin) and gamma radiation. Furthermore, PQQ in combination of chemotherapeutic drugs (5-FU) and gamma radiation resulted in increased ROS generation, mitochondrial dysfunction, GSH depletion, and DNA damage, all contributing to enhanced cancer cell death. These findings suggest for first time that PQQ acts as a potent chemo-and radiosensitizer, with the potential to improve cancer treatment outcomes while reducing the required doses of chemotherapy and radiation, thereby possible minimizing side effects.
Retrogression and Reaging – Aluminum Alloy AA7012
Authors: Rosa Luiz , de Carvalho André Luís Moreira , Hein Luis Rogerio de Oliveira , Ribeiro Marcos Valério 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Retrogression and Reaging (RRA) is of interest to the automotive industry for manufacturing components of high-strength aluminum alloys. This study describes obtaining the Retrogression and Reaging curve for the aluminum alloy AA7012-T6 (Al-Zn-Mg-Cu) – UNS A97012. The RRA heat treatment consists of two stages: the first stage is retrogression, which was carried out on the samples in the T6 hardening condition for a time ranging from 5 seconds to 4 hours and at different temperatures: 180°C, 210°C, and 240°C. The second stage, re-aging, was conducted at 120°C for 24 hours (process parameters for obtaining the T6 temper). The RRA curve was obtained by measuring hardness Vickers (HV). The samples were also evaluated for electrical conductivity (%IACS - International Annealed Copper Standard ). The best response for the RRA curve was obtained with retrogression at 180°C/1h and re-aging at 120°C for 24 hours. The increase in hardness (HV) obtained with RRA 180°C/1h and reaged at 120°C/24h was 19%.