bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the Performance of a Polishing Pond With Baffles in Domestic Wastewater Treatment: Effects of Hydraulic Retention Times
Authors: Silva Rafaela Dias , Campos Marcelo , Santos Fábio José Roca dos , França Amanda Silveira de , Santos Cíntia da Silva , Pompeu Rodrigo de Moraes , Roche Kennedy Francis , Oliveira Keila Roberta Ferreira de , Guarnieri Mileidy , Silva Ludmila Yamashita da , Cáceres Álefe de Oliveira , Ide Carlos Nobuyoshi 
Published: November 2024

Objective: The objective of this study is to evaluate the performance of a shallow polishing pond, with a depth of 0.40 m and baffles, in treating domestic wastewater from a UASB reactor, operating under three different hydraulic retention times (HRT): 10, 5, and 3 days.

Theoretical Framework: The research is based on theories and models of wastewater treatment using stabilization ponds, which are influenced by operational and climatic factors, with an emphasis on polishing ponds for pollutant removal.

Method: The pond was developed on a pilot scale, and pollutant removal efficiency was evaluated based on different HRTs. Parameters such as E. coli, total nitrogen, and ammoniacal nitrogen removal, as well as phosphorus removal, were analyzed.

Results and Discussion: The best results were observed at 10 and 5-day retention times, with E. coli removal rates of 99.99% and 99.97%, respectively. Total nitrogen removal was most efficient at 5 days HRT (73.5%), and ammoniacal nitrogen showed removal rates of 73.6% at 10 days HRT and 82.8% at 5 days. Phosphorus removal was consistent, with an average of 43.44%.

Research Implications: This study provides valuable insights for the optimized operation of polishing ponds, suggesting that HRTs (Hydraulic Retention Times) between 5 and 10 days maximize system efficiency.

Originality/Value: The research contributes by demonstrating the operational efficiency of shallow ponds with baffles, highlighting the removal of pathogens and nutrients in domestic wastewater.
Proposal for a Flow Orientor in a Concentric Type Exchanger
Authors: Castillo Juan José Piña , Jiménez Jesús Cirilo Trujillo , Bernal Renato González 
Published: November 2024

Objective: This study aims to improve the efficiency of concentric-type downhole heat exchangers (DHE) for applications in heating and electricity generation from geothermal sources. Specifically, it seeks to optimize the geothermal fluid's outlet temperature to approximately 125 °C through modifications in flow direction to enhance pressure differential and achieve stable performance.

Theoretical Framework: Concentric-type DHEs, based on a design of pipes arranged within geothermal wells, facilitate water circulation and heat exchange. However, in some cases, natural circulation is insufficient, limiting pressure differential and efficiency in fluid lift.

Method: Numerical simulations and detailed calculations were conducted to evaluate and adjust the flow direction in the DHE. These simulations analyzed the thermal and pressure behavior of the system, optimizing operating conditions to reach the desired outlet temperature.

Results and Discussion: Simulation results indicate that modifying the flow direction within the DHE system improves heat transfer efficiency, consistently reaching the target temperature. The increase in pressure differential enables more efficient and stable operation under real conditions.

Research Implications: The findings of this study are applicable to similar geothermal systems, and the proposed improvements can be implemented in both current and future DHE installations, contributing to renewable energy generation and heating in sustainable contexts.

Originality/Value: This work presents an innovative technical solution by modifying the flow direction in DHE systems, contributing to the advancement of more efficient and sustainable geothermal technologies for energy applications.
Conflict and Environmental Peace: Tensions and Relations Over Water Governance in the Colombian Catatumbo Region
Authors: Borda Andrés Inampués , Gómez Andrés Felipe Rivera , Lozano Aida Milena Cabrera , Romero Juan Pablo , Hernández-Umaña Bernardo Alfredo 
Published: November 2024

Objective: Government efforts and initiatives aimed at mitigating socio-environmental conflicts in the Catatumbo region of Colombia have not generated positive results, facing new cycles of armed violence and ongoing social crises that impact local ecosystems. In response, this qualitative research explored the perceptions of environmental leaders and local communities regarding peacebuilding and territorial transformation around water.

Method: Using the constant comparative method based on grounded theory, the actions and work of social organisations focused on moving from an extractive economic model to development based on water governance were identified.

Results: The findings reveal the potential of leaders, whose cultural identity is reflected in ancestral wisdom, to transform conflicts by recognising nature as an integral part of the community and the territory.

Implications of the research: Decision-makers, research centres and academics are urged to strongly support these water-focused land-use planning initiatives, which are aligned with a quintuple helix model for sustainable development that integrates environmental peace.

Originality/value: Among the innovations of this study is a theoretical proposal based on the voices of social and environmental leaders, who offer answers and projects that challenge the anthropocentric and utilitarian approach of other development plans. In addition, a regional ontology is proposed that conceives the territory as a social entity capable of strengthening governance from a biocentric perspective that respects natural rights.
Thermoeconomic Evaluation of the Triple Pressure-Swing Distillation Process
Authors: Marcelino Thamires Ohana Araújo de Carvalho , Farias Neto Gilvan Wanderley de , Ramos Wagner Brandão , Brito Romildo Pereira 
Published: November 2024

Objective: Investigate distillation as a separation process based on the difference in volatility of components, focusing on the separation of azeotropic mixtures using Pressure-Swing Distillation (PSD). The study was applied to the ternary mixture water-acetonitrile-isopropanol (Water-ACN-IPA).

Theoretical Framework: Based on previous studies that demonstrated the feasibility of PSD for separating this mixture using three columns operating at different pressures. However, challenges related to high energy consumption persist due to system irreversibilities.

Method: Hydraulic analysis of the columns is proposed, including the implementation of variable diameter and thermal integration as optimization strategies.

Results and Discussion: Results show a 47.5% reduction in the total annual cost (TAC), demonstrating greater economic efficiency and process viability.

Research Implications: The study contributes to improving energy efficiency in azeotropic separation processes using PSD, providing practical solutions to minimize costs and environmental impacts.

Originality/Value: This work introduces technical innovations in azeotropic distillation using PSD, offering an economically optimized and viable approach for the chemical, petrochemical, and pharmaceutical industries.
Readiness of undergraduate medical students to health research and factors influencing it in a medical college – A cross-sectional study
Authors: Monisha V. , Rajini S. , Premnath D. 
Published: November 2024

Objectives:
Developing, maintaining, and sustaining undergraduate medical students’ research involvement will enable future healthcare practitioners to practice more appropriate evidence-based clinical medicine. This study aim to assess the readiness for health research and factors promoting it among Undergraduate medical students.

Materials and Methods:
A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among undergraduate medical students in Puducherry over 3 months (August–October 2023). Systematic random sampling was applied to recruit 360 study participants. A validated pre-tested semi-structured self-administered questionnaire was used to gather data on sociodemographic, readiness, participation, attitude, perceived motivational factors, and barriers toward health research. Data were entered in MS EXCEL 2019 and analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences v16.0. The quantitative variables were represented in mean and qualitative variables in proportion. Chi-square test and logistic regression analysis were applied to identify the factors influencing readiness to health research among undergraduate Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery students.

Results:
A total of 360 participants with a mean age of 20.7 ± 0.64 were recruited, demonstrating a nearly equal gender distribution (male 48.3% and female 51.7%). Approximately 76.4% scored ≥60% in their recent university examinations, and 86.7% resided in hostels. While 11.4% reported prior participation in health research, 32.5% expressed readiness to participate, influenced by factors such as the competency-based medical education (CBME) approach and academic performance (P = 0.043). Major barriers identified included lack of funding (88.8%), lack of time (80.3%), and mentorship (52.9%). Logistic regression analysis revealed that higher examination grades significantly increased readiness to research (aOR: 1.936, P = 0.027) and also participation for health research (aOR: 3.366, P = 0.029), while non-CBME participants showed lower odds of participation (aOR: 0.321, P = 0.006).

Conclusion:
Medical institutes should implement structured mentorship programs, require research courses as part of the curriculum, and provide sufficient funding for student-led projects. Addressing these strategies within the institutes could foster a research-oriented culture, thus ultimately improve quality patient care and broader medical knowledge.
Complete contrast staining of hepatocellular carcinoma during drug-eluting bead chemoembolization predicts a favorable response
Authors: Alharbi Sultan R. 
Published: November 2024

Objective:
The objective of this study was to evaluate complete contrast staining (CCS) of HCC during drug-eluting bead transarterial chemoembolization (DEBTACE) first session for response prediction.

Methods:
Forty-one patients with solitary HCC who underwent DEBTACE were retrospectively enrolled and divided into two groups based on contrast staining of HCC using two-dimensional (2D) fluoroscopy during the first session of DEBTACE. Both groups underwent one or two sessions of DEBTACE to achieve a complete response. Responses were evaluated using the modified Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors. A comparison of the complete response between the CCS and non-CCS groups was performed, and the prediction value was studied.

Results:
CCS in 2D fluoroscopy during the first session of drug-eluting bead chemoembolization was observed in 22 (53.7%) patients. Well-defined HCC and super-selective chemoembolization were significantly associated with CCS. Complete response was observed in 54.54%, 90%, and 95.45% of CCS patient groups after the first session, second session, and cumulative sessions of TACE, respectively. Complete responses were 10.52%, 29.41%, and 36.84% in the non-CCS group after the first, second, and cumulative sessions of TACE, respectively.

Conclusion:
CCS of HCC using 2D fluoroscopy during DEBTACE is a predictor of a favorable response after two sessions of treatment.
UM ESTUDO COMPARATIVO DE CARACTERÍSTICAS DE SOLUÇÕES PARA SISTEMAS DE EXECUÇÃO DE MANUFATURA (MÊS): UMA ABORDAGEM DE CLIENTES À DESENVOLVEDORES
Authors: Tonet Jader Henrique , Vieira Agnelo Denis , Cleto Marcelo Gechele 
Published: November 2024

Objetivo: O objetivo deste trabalho é realizar uma análise comparativa entre os principais desenvolvedores de sistemas MES e suas soluções, com base nas características importantes para o contexto da indústria 4.0.

Referencial Teórico: A evolução dos Sistemas de Execução de Manufatura (Manufacturing Execution Systems - MES) com a introdução dos conceitos da Indústria 4.0 e digitalização nas organizações trouxe novas possibilidades de atuação desses sistemas. Conectando os diferentes níveis e sistemas da organização, os sistemas MES têm um papel importante na transição para fábricas digitais.

Método: É aplicada uma metodologia qualitativa de análise triangular de informações para coleta de dados sobre as soluções.

Resultados e Discussão: Com base nas características atuais dos sistemas MES foram definidos critérios para construção de uma matriz comparativa. Como resultado, a matriz obtida mostrou a relevância da conectividade dos sistemas MES com sistemas de planejamento, Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) e identificou diferentes níveis de personalização e de modularidade entre os sistemas avaliados.

Implicações da Pesquisa: Esse trabalho traz uma visão geral de desenvolvedores e soluções existentes para sistemas MES apresentando suas principais características possibilitando estudos futuros nas formas de implementação dessas soluções nas indústrias.

Originalidade/Valor: Este trabalho contribui com a literatura disponibilizando uma matriz comparativa de soluções de MES existentes.
A Study on Filter-Based Adversarial Image Classification Models
Authors: Zhao Zhongcheng 
Published: November 2024

In view of the fact that adversarial examples can lead to high-confidence erroneous outputs of deep neural networks, this study aims to improve the safety of deep neural networks by distinguishing adversarial examples. A classification model based on filter residual network structure is used to accurately classify adversarial examples. The filter-based classification model includes residual network feature extraction and classification modules, which are iteratively optimized by an adversarial training strategy. Three mainstream adversarial attack methods are improved, and adversarial samples are generated on the Mini-ImageNet dataset. Subsequently, these samples are used to attack the EfficientNet and the filter-based classification model respectively, and the attack effects are compared. Experimental results show that the filter-based classification model has high classification accuracy when dealing with Mini-ImageNet adversarial examples. Adversarial training can effectively enhance the robustness of deep neural network models.
Regres kultury, koniec przyszłości i koniec rozwoju – czytając kulturę Baumanem i Wilberem
Authors: Marzec Jarosław 
Published: November 2024

W kontekście tytułowego regresu kultury pojawić się powinny dwie ważne analizy wybitnych znawców kultury. Z jednej strony Zygmunt Bauman to postać, która wniosła do analizy kultury współczesnej niezwykle nosne kategorie, metafory oraz retorykę wykraczającą poza socjologię, jego domenę i przypisaną dyscyplinę. Chciałbym dodać od razu, że w kontekście tytułowego regresu kultury zdecydowanie odwołam się do ostatniej analizy Baumana zawartej w ,,Retrotopia'' (2017). Analiza tego swoistego ,,testamentu teoretycznego'' w postaci retrotopii Zygmunta Baumana, wybitnego myśliciela współczesności, staje się wyraźnie znaczącą kategorią, poprzez którą można odczytać istotne relacje pomiędzy kulturą a jej domenami, w tym też edukacją. Drugą postacią z kręgu wybitnych przedstawicieli ducha, który prezentuje też analizy regresu kultury i załamanie toru ewolucji kultury w świetle własnej teorii integralnej jest Ken Wilber. W prezentowanym tutaj szkicu właśnie dorobek Zygmunta Baumana oraz Kena Wilbera stanowią dla mnie źródło inspiracji do twórczej analizy kultury poprzez wypracowane przez tych badaczy odniesienia do interpretacji kultury w stanie regresu i kryzysu.
Meteorology and Climatology at Kazan University: Celebrating the 190th Anniversary of Russia’s Hydrometeorological Service
Authors: Perevedentsev Yu. P. , Mirsaeva N. A. 
Published: November 2024

This article summarizes the history of meteorological and climate research at Kazan University, spanning a period from 1812 to the present day. The distinguished contributions of Professor Adolph Theodor Kupffer to the establishment of Russia’s Hydrometeorological Service in 1834 were highlighted. Major achievements of the Kazan Meteorological School were analyzed, including those concerning global and regional climate change, circulation systems, as well as atmospheric dynamics and structure up to altitudes of 80 km. The influence of weather and climate factors on agriculture, wind industry, heating period, and public health was assessed. The observational data show that annual temperatures in Kazan have increased from 3.1 to 5.7 °C since 1871, with a rise in summer and winter temperatures from 18.1 to 19.7 °С and from –12.6 to –8.7 °C, respectively. The findings suggest that contemporary climate warming in Kazan began earlier (1946) compared to the general trend in the Northern Hemisphere (1970). The annual input of the Northern Hemisphere processes to temperature shifts in Kazan amounts to 63 %, with 27 % in summer and 43 % during winter. Using the CMIP6 climate projections based on anthropogenic factors as a driving force, future air temperature levels in Kazan throughout the 21st century were predicted.The long-term trends in temperature and precipitation across the Middle Volga, Cis-Urals, and the whole of Russia were explored. A general warming trend in recent decades was revealed.The efforts of Kazan meteorologists in advancing the understanding of large-scale atmospheric processes from the Earth’s surface up to 80 km were noted. The agroclimatic and biometeorological conditions of the Volga Federal District, the Republic of Tatarstan in particular, were described.
Investigation of an Innovative Technique for R.C. Piles Reinforced by Geo-Synthetics Under Axial Load
Authors: Badawi Mona I. , Awwad Mahmuod , Roshdy Mohab , El-Kasaby El-Sayed A. 
Published: November 2024

The use of alternative reinforcement material to enhance the performance of the pile capacity has gained increasing interest in recent years. This study seeks to probe the improvement of the ultimate pile capacity, reduction the deformation, and the financial results of using alternative reinforcement material such as glass fiber-reinforced polymers (GFRP), geosynthetics geogrids, as well as a combination of geosynthetics geogrids and a central steel bar. Axial load investigations were conducted on circular piles with 150 mm diameter and 1050 mm height. The experimental results revealed an improvement in the axial capacity of up to 25.4% and an enhancement in performance represented in ductility. Furthermore, financial and weight comparisons showed a decrease in the cost by up to 15%. Moreover, a nonlinear finite element (FE) study with Abaqus software was employed to standardize the numerical outcomes with the laboratory findings. The FE analysis was also verified with the previous studies. The 3D nonlinear finite element numerical model performed showed convergence with and without representing the surrounding soil of the pile; thus, confirming the adequacy of the experimental setup adopted. Finally, a suggested theoretical equation is developed to evaluate the change in pile axial load capacity based on the use of different reinforcement materials. The application of the proposed theoretical equation provides further insight into the governing equation involving different reinforcing materials. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2024-010-10-011 Full Text: PDF
Comparative Study of Different Classification Methods and Winner Takes All Approach
Authors: Abdel Aziz Khaled Mahmoud , Elsonbaty Loutfia 
Published: November 2024

One of the most popular methods in remote sensing for gathering and evaluating satellite data is the classification of images. Several categories exist for image classification techniques, including supervised and unsupervised classification, pixel-based, object-based, and rule-based approaches. Each type of technique has pros and cons of its own. Choosing the method that produces the best results is one of the issues with image classification. The "best" model for classifying images relies on the particular task and the dataset used. The ideal classification technique is a crucial component in increasing classification accuracy. The strengths and drawbacks of various models vary, so selecting one that is appropriate for the job is critical. The main objective of this research is to analyze and compare the results of each classifier used, including ISODATA, K-mean, Maximum likelihood, Minimum distance, Support vector machine, and Neural network then integrate these different types of classification using the winners-takes-all classification approach in order to try to improve the results. The classified images were assessed, and both the overall accuracy and kappa coefficient were calculated and gave 79.50%, 73.89%, 77.05%, and 84.98%, 86.53%, 87.18%, and 88.69% for ISODATA, K-means, Minimum distance (MD), Maximum likelihood (MXL), Support vector machine (SVM), Neural network (NNT), and winner takes all (WTA), respectively. From the results, the Winner takes all (WTA) presented a superior in terms of the overall accuracy and kappa coefficient. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2024-010-10-016 Full Text: PDF
Refining Low Strain Pile Integrity Testing for Minor Flaw Detection with Complex Wavelet Transform
Authors: Loseva Elizaveta , Lozovsky Ilya , Zhostkov Ruslan 
Published: November 2024

The structural integrity of pile foundations is critical for the safety and longevity of buildings and infrastructure. Low strain impact testing is a widely used non-destructive method for assessing pile length and identifying significant defects; however, its sensitivity to minor flaws remains limited. This study aims to enhance the detection capabilities of low strain testing for minor defects by proposing an improved methodology. We conducted field tests on ten piles with small, artificially introduced flaws and complemented these tests with three-dimensional numerical simulations. Initial time-domain analyses of both field and simulated data, using low-frequency wave excitation, did not reveal distinct signal features indicative of defects. To address this limitation, we employed a set of hammers with varying weights and head materials for wave excitation, simulated with different input force pulse durations. We further applied Complex Continuous Wavelet Transform (CCWT) for time-frequency analysis of the acquired signals, which effectively identified minor defects through characteristic changes in wavelet coefficient phase angles at expected timestamps. The consistency of CCWT phase spectrum features across signals from different hammers, considering the varying sensitivities of wave excitations, facilitates the differentiation of genuine flaw-induced phase shifts from noise. The study's findings were integrated into an improved low strain pile integrity testing workflow, enhancing the method's accuracy in detecting minor flaws. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2024-010-10-05 Full Text: PDF