bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phosphor und Knochen
Authors: Zwettler E. 
Published: August 2018

ZusammenfassungBereits im 19. Jahrhundert wurde durch Kiefernekrosen, die bei Arbeitern in Streichholzfabriken auftraten, evident, dass Phosphor eine Wirkung auf den Knochen hat. Seit kurzem wissen wir, dass der Phosphorstoffwechsel von einem in Knochenzellen produzierten Hormon, dem Fibroblast-Growth-Factor 23 (FGF23) gesteuert wird.Da die westliche Ernährung sehr viel Phosphat enthält, besteht die wissenschaftlich noch nicht eindeutig geklärte Sorge, dass ein Zuviel dem Knochen schaden könnte. Eine ausreichende Kalziumzufuhr scheint jedoch den potentiellen Schaden zu verhindern.Was ein Zuviel oder Zuwenig an frei verfügbarem Phosphor bedeutet, sehen wir bei genetischen oder erworbenen Phosphatstoffwechselerkrankungen: Ektope Kalzifikationen und Gelenksschmerzen bei Hyperphosphatämie und Kleinwuchs, Rachitis und Knochenschmerzen bei Hypophosphatämien. Bei unklaren Knochenschmerzen, einer Gangstörung oder Insuffizienzfrakturen muss immer eine Hypophosphatämie ausgeschlossen werden, da es erworbene Erkrankungen mit FGF23 Überschuss gibt und auch bestimmte genetische Formen erst im Erwachsenenalter auftreten können. Diagnosestellung und die Einleitung entsprechender Therapiemaßnahmen beeinflussen wesentlich die Prognose.
Evolution of Radiographic Parameters of Canine Passive Hip Laxity at 4, 6 and 12 months: A Study of 306 Dogs
Authors: Genevois Jean-Pierre , Viguier Eric , Carozzo Claude , Livet Véronique , Baldinger Arnaud , Cachon Thibaut , Taroni Mathieu 
Published: August 2018

Objectives This article evaluates the variation in the distraction index (DI) and Norberg angle measurement with the femur in a neutral position and the hips distracted (distraction Norberg angle [DNA]) between 4, 6 and 12 months of age.
Methods Radiographic data from dogs (n = 306) line-bred for favourable characteristics, including hip conformation, were reviewed. Dogs underwent stress radiographs, using a Vezzoni distractor, at 4, 6 and 12 months of age. The DI and DNA were calculated, and their evolution was studied for the total population and the sub-category of hips with a DI > 0.7.
Results For the total population, the DI showed a significant increase from 4 to 6 months and a significant decrease at 12 months. For the hips with a DI > 0.7 at 4 months, DI at 6 and 12 months showed a significant decrease (0.14 and 0.26, respectively, on average). For the total population, the DNA followed the same pattern as the DI, and the values are significantly associated (p < 0.001).
Clinical Significance The DI varies significantly from 4 to 12 months in dogs, and the time of radiographic evaluation of hip laxity may strongly influence the value of the DI. The DNA is strongly related to the DI, and its use as a more convenient indicator of hip laxity in dogs should be further investigated.
Robson Classification System Applied to Induction of Labor
Authors: Vargas Sara , Rego Susana , Clode Nuno 
Published: August 2018

Objective Induction of labor (IL) is a common obstetric procedure, but it is questionable whether or not it results in higher cesarean section (CS) rates. The present study aims to evaluate the impact of IL in the overall CS rates and to analyze these rates according to the method of IL employed and to the Robson group in which it was applied.
Methods We have conducted a retrospective study including pregnant women whose labor was induced at a tertiary hospital in 2015 and 2016. All women were classified according to the Robson Classification System (RCS). The CS rates were analyzed and compared regarding the method of IL employed.
Results A total of 1,166 cases were included. The CS rate after IL was 20.9%, which represented 23.1% of the total of CSs performed in 2015 and 2016. The highest CS rates were recorded in RCS groups 5 (65.2%) and 8 (32.3%). Group 2 was the highest contributor to the overall CS rate, since it represented 56.7% of the population. The intravaginal prostaglandins method was the most used (77%). Transcervical Foley catheter was the preferred method in group 5 and intravaginal prostaglandins in all the other groups. The CS rate was higher when transcervical Foley catheter was used (34.1%).
Conclusion Transcervical Foley catheter induction was associated with a higher rate of CS, probably because it was the preferred method used in group 5.
The dynamics of norm change in the cultural evolution of language
Authors: Amato Roberta , Lacasa Lucas , Díaz-Guilera Albert , Baronchelli Andrea 
Published: August 2018

SignificanceSocial conventions, such as shaking hands or dressing formally, allow us to coordinate smoothly and, once established, appear to be natural. But what happens when a new convention replaces an old one? This question has remained largely unanswered so far, due to the lack of suitable data. Here, we investigate the process of norm change by looking at 2,541 linguistic norm shifts occurring over the last two centuries in English and Spanish. We identify different patterns of norm adoption depending on whether the change is spontaneous or driven by a centralized institution, and we propose a simple model that reproduces all of the empirical observations. These results shed light on the cultural evolution of linguistic norms and human collective behavior.
Casz1 controls higher-order nuclear organization in rod photoreceptors
Authors: Mattar Pierre , Stevanovic Milanka , Nad Ivana , Cayouette Michel 
Published: August 2018

Significance
Eukaryotic cells depend on precise genome organization within the nucleus to maintain an appropriate gene-expression profile. Critical to this process is the packaging of functional domains of open and closed chromatin to specific regions of the nucleus, but how this is regulated remains unclear. In this study, we show that the zinc finger protein Casz1 regulates higher-order nuclear organization of rod photoreceptors in the mouse retina by repressing nuclear lamina function, which leads to central localization of heterochromatin. Loss of Casz1 in rods leads to an abnormal transcriptional profile followed by degeneration. These results identify Casz1 as a regulator of higher-order genome organization.
Credit Market Competition and Liquidity Crises*
Authors: Carletti Elena , Leonello Agnese 
Published: August 2018

AbstractWe develop a model where banks invest in reserves and loans, and trade loans on the interbank market to deal with liquidity shocks. Two types of equilibria emerge, depending on the degree of credit market competition and the level of aggregate liquidity risk. In one equilibrium, all banks keep enough reserves and remain solvent. In the other, some banks default with positive probability. The latter equilibrium exists when competition is weak and large liquidity shocks are unlikely. The model delivers several implications concerning the relationship between competition, aggregate credit, and welfare.
Relationship of Mothers’ Mental and Physical Health to Characteristics of Mothers and Their Children With Developmental Disabilities
Authors: Lee Jiwon , Hayat Matthew J. , Spratling Regena , Sevcik Rose A. , Clark Patricia C. 
Published: August 2018

Background
Although empirical evidence shows that mothers of children with developmental disabilities (DDs) are at risk for poor mental and physical health, the relative contribution of maternal and child characteristics, including sleep quality, remain unclear.

Objectives
The aims of this study were to compare select maternal (sleep quality, caregiving stress, and other sociodemographic variables) and child characteristics (sleep and behavior problems) between mothers with worse mental and physical health and those with better mental and physical health and to determine the contribution of selected characteristics on mental and physical health in mothers of school-age children (ages 6–12 years) with DDs.

Methods
This cross-sectional, correlational study included a convenience sample of 40 mothers of children with DDs. Mothers completed a set of questionnaires, including the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, the Zarit Burden Interview, the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, and the 36-Item, Short-Form Health Survey Version 2.

Results
Results from bivariate logistic regression modeling showed that mothers with high depressive symptoms and worse physical health, as compared to mothers with low depressive symptoms and better physical health, reported significantly higher caregiving stress, poor sleep quality, and more chronic health conditions and more behavior and sleep problems in children with DDs. A multivariable logistic regression model showed mother’s sleep quality was significantly associated with increased risk of high levels of depression (OR = 1.934, 95% CI [1.106, 3.385], p = .021) and increased risk of worse physical health (OR = 1.920, 95% CI [1.086, 3.393], p = .025).

Discussion
Sleep health assessment may be beneficial when providing care to families of children with DDs.
Integrative Transcription Start Site Analysis and Physiological Phenotyping Reveal Torpor-specific Expressions in Mouse Skeletal Muscle
Authors: Sunagawa Genshiro A , Deviatiiarov Ruslan , Ishikawa Kiyomi , Gazizova Guzel , Gusev Oleg , Takahashi Masayo 
Published: August 2018

SUMMARYMice enter an active hypometabolic state, called daily torpor, when they experience a lowered caloric intake under cool ambient temperature (TA). During torpor, the oxygen consumption rate (VO2) drops to less than 30% of the normal rate without harming the body. This safe but severe reduction in metabolism is attractive for various clinical applications; however, the mechanism and molecules involved are unclear. Therefore, here we systematically analyzed the expression landscape of transcription start sites (TSS) in mouse skeletal muscles under various metabolic states to identify torpor-specific transcription patterns. We analyzed the soleus muscles from 38 mice in torpid, non-torpid, and torpor-deprived conditions, and identified 287 torpor-specific promoters. Furthermore, we found that the transcription factor ATF3 was highly expressed during torpor deprivation and that the ATF3-binding motif was enriched in torpor-specific promoters. Our results demonstrate that the mouse torpor has a distinct hereditary genetic background and its peripheral tissues are useful for studying active hypometabolism.
Nanoscale investigation in 3D scaffolds of cell-material interactions for tissue-engineering
Authors: Iandolo Donata , Pennacchio Fabrizio A. , Mollo Valentina , Rossi Domenico , Dannhauser David , Cui Bianxiao , Owens Roisin M. , Santoro Francesca 
Published: August 2018

AbstractCell fate is largely determined by interactions that occur at the interface between cells and their surrounding microenvironment. For this reason, especially in the field of cell- and tissue-engineering, there is a growing interest in developing characterization techniques that allow a deep evaluation of cell-material interaction at the nanoscale, particularly focusing on cell adhesion processes. While for 2D culturing systems a consolidated series of tools already satisfy this need, in 3D environments, more closely recapitulating complex in vivo structures, there is still a lack of procedure furthering the comprehension of cell-material interactions. Here, we report for the first time the use of a SEM/FIB system for the characterization of cellular adhesion in 3D scaffolds fabricated by means of different techniques. Our results clearly show the capability of the developed approach to finely resolve both scaffold-cells interface and nanometer scale features of cell bodies involved in the upregulation of cellular behavior. These results are relevant for studying cellular guidance strategies and for the consequent design of more efficient cell-instructive platforms for tissue-engineering applications as well as for in vitro 3D models.
Nitric oxide synthase-mediated early nitric oxide-burst alleviates drought-induced oxidative damage in ammonium supplied-rice roots
Authors: Xiaochuang Cao , Chunquan Zhu , Chu Zhong , Junhua Zhang , Lianfeng Zhu , Lianghuan Wu , Qingxu Ma , Qianyu Jin 
Published: August 2018

AbstractAmmonium (NH4+) can enhance rice drought tolerance in comparison to nitrate (NO3-). The mechanism underpinning this relationship was investigated based on the time-dependent nitric oxide (NO) production and its protective role in oxidative stress of NH4+-/NO3--supplied rice under drought. An early burst of NO was induced by drought 3h after root NH4+ treatment but not after NO3- treatment. Root oxidative damage induced by drought was significantly higher in NO3- than in NH4+-treatment due to its reactive oxygen species accumulation. Inducing NO production by applying NO donor 3h after NO3- treatment alleviated the oxidative damage, while inhibiting the early NO burst increased root oxidative damage in NH4+ treatment. Application of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) completely suppressed NO synthesis in roots 3h after NH4+ treatment and aggravated drought-induced oxidative damage, indicating the aggravation of oxidative damage might have resulted from changes in NOS-mediated early NO burst. Drought also increased root antioxidant enzymes activities, which were further induced by NO donor but repressed by NO scavenger and NOS inhibitor in NH4+-treated roots. Thus, the NOS-mediated early NO burst plays an important role in alleviating oxidative damage induced by drought by enhancing antioxidant defenses in NH4+-supplied rice roots.HighlightNOS-mediated early NO burst plays an important role in alleviating oxidative damage induced by water stress, by enhancing the antioxidant defenses in roots supplemented with NH4+
Genomic analysis of diet composition finds novel loci and associations with health and lifestyle
Authors: Meddens S Fleur W , Vlaming Ronald de , Bowers Peter , Burik Casper AP , Linnér Richard Karlsson , Lee Chanwook , Okbay Aysu , Turley Patrick , Rietveld Cornelius A , Fontana Mark Alan , Ghanbari Mohsen , Imamura Fumiaki , McMahon George , van der Most Peter J , Trudy Voortman , Wade Kaitlin H , Anderson Emma L , Braun Kim VE , Emmett Pauline M , Esko Tonũ , Gonzalez Juan R , Kiefte-de Jong Jessica C , Luan Jian’a , Langenberg Claudia , Muka Taulant , Ring Susan , Rivadeneira Fernando , Schoufour Josje D , Snieder Harold , van Rooij Frank JA , Wolffenbuttel Bruce HR ,   23andMe Research Team, EPIC-InterAct Consortium, Lifelines Cohort Study, Smith George Davey , Franco Oscar H , Forouhi Nita G , Ikram M Arfan , Uitterlinden Andre G , van Vliet-Ostaptchouk Jana V , Wareham Nick J , Cesarini David , Harden K Paige , Lee James J , Benjamin Daniel J , Chow Carson C , Koellinger Philipp D 
Published: August 2018

AbstractWe conducted genome-wide association study (GWAS) meta-analyses of relative caloric intake from fat, protein, carbohydrates and sugar in over 235,000 individuals. We identified 21 approximately independent lead SNPs. Relative protein intake exhibits the strongest relationships with poor health, including positive genetic associations with obesity, type 2 diabetes, and heart disease (rg ≈ 0.15 – 0.5). Relative carbohydrate and sugar intake have negative genetic correlations with waist circumference, waist-hip ratio, and neighborhood poverty (|rg| ≈ 0.1 – 0.3). Overall, our results show that the relative intake of each macronutrient has a distinct genetic architecture and pattern of genetic correlations suggestive of health implications beyond caloric content.
Optimization of the DsRed fluorescent protein for use in Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Authors: Carroll Paul , Muwanguzi-Karugaba Julian , Parish Tanya 
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACTObjectiveWe have previously codon-optimized a number of red fluorescent proteins for use in Mycobacterium tuberculosis (mCherry, tdTomato, Turbo-635). We aimed to expand this repertoire to include DsRed, another widely used and flexible red fluorescent protein.ResultsWe generated expression constructs with a full length DsRed under the control of one of three strong, constitutive promoters (Phsp60, PrpsA or PG13) for use in mycobacteria. We confirmed that full length DsRed (225 amino acids) was expressed and fluoresced brightly. In contrast to mCherry, truncated versions of DsRed lacking several amino acids at the N-terminus were not functional. Thus, we have expanded the repertoire of optimized fluorescent proteins for mycobacteria.
“Learn to blend in!”
Authors: Norberg Cathrine , Fältholm Ylva 
Published: August 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to contribute with increased knowledge about gender in mining by exploring how women are discursively represented in texts produced by actors in the international mining arena.Design/methodology/approachThe study combines corpus linguistic methods and discourse analysis. It implies a combination of quantitative and qualitative analyses, where the former is used as the point of departure for the latter, and where the material analysed is chosen on the basis of certain selected search phrases. The source for the study is the web, and the search engine used for the retrieval of data is WebCorp Live, a tool tailored for linguistic analysis of web material.FindingsThe analysis reveals that although the overarching theme in the women-in mining discourse is that women are needed in the industry, the underlying message is that women-in-mining are perceived as problematic.Practical implicationsThe study shows that if mining is to change into a modern industry, the inherent hyper-masculine culture and its effects on the whole industry needs to be problematised and made evident. To increase the mere number of women, with women still heavily underrepresented, is not enough to break gender-biased discrimination.Originality/valueThe research contributes with new knowledge about gender in mining by using a method, which so far has had limited usage in (critical) discourse analysis.
Research on thermal-fluid-structure coupling of valve plate pair in an axial piston pump with high pressure and high speed
Authors: Ji Zhanling 
Published: August 2018

Purpose
High pressure and high speed of the axial piston pump can improve its power density, but they also deteriorate the thermal-fluid-structure coupling effect of the friction pairs. This paper aims to reveal the coupling mechanism of the pump, for example, valve plate pair, by carrying out research on multi-physics field coupling.

Design/methodology/approach
Considering the influences of temperature on material properties and thermal fluid on structure, the thermal-fluid elastic mechanics model is established. A complete set of fast and effective thermal-fluid-structure coupling method is presented, by which the numerical analysis is conducted for the valve plate pair.

Findings
According to calculations, it is revealed that the temperature and pressure evolution laws of oil film with time, the pressure distribution law of the fluid, stress and displacement distribution laws of the solid in the valve plate pair. In addition, the forming history of the wedge-shaped oil film and mating clearance change law with rotational speed and outlet pressure in the valve plate pair are presented.

Originality/value
For an axial piston pump operating under high speed, high pressure and wide temperature range, the multi-physics field coupling analysis is an indispensable means and method. This paper provides theoretical evidence for the development of the pump and lays a solid foundation for the research of the same kind of problem.
MHD flow of Carreau fluid over a variable thickness melting surface subject to Cattaneo-Christov heat flux
Authors: B. Ramadevi , V. Sugunamma , K. Anantha Kumar , J.V. Ramana Reddy 
Published: August 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to focus on MHD unsteady flow of Carreau fluid over a variable thickness melting surface in the presence of chemical reaction and non-uniform heat sink/source.

Design/methodology/approach
The flow governing partial differential equations are transformed into ordinary ones with the help of similarity transformations. The set of ODEs are solved by a shooting technique together with the R.K.–Fehlberg method. Further, the graphs are depicted to scrutinize the velocity, concentration and temperature fields of the Carreau fluid flow. The numerical values of friction factor, heat and mass transfer rates are tabulated.

Findings
The results are presented for both Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluid flow cases. The authors conclude that the nature of three typical fields and the physical quantities are alike in both cases. An increase in melting parameter slows down the velocity field and enhances the temperature and concentration fields. But an opposite outcome is noticed with thermal relaxation parameter. Also the elevating values of thermal relaxation parameter/ wall thickness parameter/Prandtl number inflate the mass and heat transfer rates.

Originality/value
This is a new research article in the field of heat and mass transfer in fluid flows. Cattaneo–Christov heat flux model is used. The surface of the flow is assumed to be melting.
From first impressions to selection decisions
Authors: Florea Liviu , Valcea Sorin , Hamdani Maria Riaz , Dougherty Thomas W. 
Published: August 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate how individual interviewers’ dispositional cognitive motivations may influence interview interactions and outcomes. More specifically, this study explores the influence of the need for cognition, need for cognitive closure, and accountability on the relationship between first impressions and selection decisions.Design/methodology/approachIn total, 41 graduate students were assigned the role of interviewers and were tasked to interview 331 undergraduate students at a large Midwestern university. The selection interview was designed to recruit qualified undergraduate students to the MBA program of the university.FindingsFirst impressions significantly influenced selection decisions, but did not influence interviewers’ behaviors. Moreover, multilevel analyses reveal that interviewers’ need for cognition and accountability moderate the relationship between first impression and selection decisions, albeit in different direction. Need for cognition strengthens, whereas accountability weakens the relationship between first impression and selection decision.Research limitations/implicationsA potential interviewer bias is apparent, where interviewers high on need for cognition tend to weight first impressions more in the decision process. However, this bias was not directly observable, since interviewers’ behaviors during the interview were not affected by first impressions.Originality/valueThe present study goes beyond previous research on first impressions in the employment interview, finding that dispositional differences account for the tendency to weigh first impressions in the selection decision.