bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Postoperative diastolic perfusion pressure is associated with the development of acute kidney injury in patients after cardiac surgery: A retrospective analysis
Authors: Jin Jifu , Yu Jiawei , Chang Su Chi , Xu Jiarui , Xu Sujuan , Jiang Wuhua , Shen Bo , Zhuang Yamin , Wang Chunsheng , Ding Xiaoqiang , Teng Jie 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background We aimed to investigate the relationship between the perioperative hemodynamic parameters and the occurrence of cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury. Methods A retrospective study was performed in patients underwent cardiac surgery at a tertiary referral teaching hospital. Acute kidney injury was determined according to the KDIGO criteria. We investigated the association between the following perioperative hemodynamic parameters and cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury: mean arterial pressure, mean perfusion pressure, central venous pressure, and diastolic perfusion pressure. Multivariate regression analysis was conducted to identify the independent hemodynamic predictors for the development of acute kidney injury. Subgroup analysis was further performed in patients with chronic hypertension. Results Among 300 patients, 29.3% developed acute kidney injury during postoperative intensive care unit period. Multivariate logistic analysis showed the postoperative nadir diastolic perfusion pressure, but not mean arterial pressure, central venous pressure and mean perfusion pressure, was independently linked to the development of acute kidney injury after cardiac surgery (odds ratio 0.945, P = 0.045). Subgroup analyses in hypertensive subjects showed the postoperative nadir diastolic perfusion pressure and peak central venous pressure were both independently related to the development of acute kidney injury (nadir diastolic perfusion pressure, odds ratio 0.886, P = 0.033; peak central venous pressure, odds ratio 1.328, P = 0.010, respectively). Conclusions Postoperative nadir diastolic perfusion pressure was independently associated with the development of cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury. Furthermore, central venous pressure should be considered as a potential hemodynamic target for hypertensive patients undergoing cardiac surgery.
Health-related Quality of Life in long-term Prostate Cancer Survivors after Nerve-Sparing and Non-Nerve-Sparing Radical Prostatectomy – Results from the multiregional PROCAS study
Authors: Adam Salome , Martin-Diener Eva , Camey Bertrand , Hayoz Céline Egger , Konzelmann Isabelle , Mousavi Seyed Mohsen , Herrmann Christian , Rohrmann Sabine , Wanner Miriam , Staehelin Katharina , Strebel Räto T. , Randazzo Marco , John Hubert , Schmid Hans-Peter , Arndt Volker 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background: Nerve-sparing (NS) surgery was developed to improve postoperative sexual and potentially urological outcomes after radical prostatectomy (RP). However, it is largely unknown how NSRP affects health-related quality of life (HRQoL) including urinary and sexual outcomes in prostate cancer (PC) survivors 5-10 years after diagnosis in comparison to Non-NSRP. Methods: The study population included 382 stage pT2-T3N0M0 PC survivors 5-10 years post-diagnosis, who were identified from the multiregional Prostate Cancer Survivorship in Switzerland (PROCAS) study. Briefly, in 2017/2018, PC survivors were identified via six population-based cancer registries based in both German- and French-speaking Switzerland. HRQoL and PC-specific symptom burden was assessed using the EORTC QLQ-C30 and EORTC QLQ-PR25 questionnaires. Differences in HRQoL outcomes between survivors treated with NSRP (uni- & bilateral) and Non-NSRP were analysed with multivariable linear regression adjusted for age, years since diagnosis, cancer stage, comorbidities at diagnosis and further therapies, if appropriate. Multiple imputation was performed to minimize the bias due to missing data.Results: 5-10 years after diagnosis, PC survivors treated with NSRP and Non-NSRP reported similar symptom burden and comparable HRQoL function scores. The only significant differences were reported for sexual activity, whereas PC survivors who underwent NSRP reported statistically significant (p=0.031) higher sexual activity than those on Non-NSRP. NSRP and Non-NSRP reported similar scores for urinary symptoms and all other HRQoL outcomes. Conclusions: NSRP and Non-NSRP were generally associated with comparable long-term HRQoL outcomes, but NSRP was linked with significantly higher sexual activity scores than Non-NSRP. Our results support nerve-sparing techniques as an option to improve post-operative sexual but not urinary outcomes after RP in long-term PC survivors.
Retrospective cohort study of trifluridine/tipiracil (TAS-102) plus bevacizumab versus trifluridine/tipiracil monotherapy for metastatic colorectal cancer
Authors: Kotani Daisuke , Kuboki Yasutoshi , Horasawa Satoshi , Kaneko Asumi , Nakamura Yoshiaki , Kawazoe Akihito , Bando Hideaki , Taniguchi Hiroya , Shitara Kohei , Kojima Takashi , Tsuji Akihito , Yoshino Takayuki 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background A previous phase I/II C-TASK FORCE study of trifluridine/tipiracil plus bevacizumab for patients with heavily pretreated metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) showed promising activity with an acceptable toxicity profile. This retrospective study aimed to investigate the safety and efficacy of trifluridine/tipiracil plus bevacizumab compared with trifluridine/tipiracil monotherapy in patients with heavily pretreated mCRC in clinical settings.Methods Records of patients with mCRC refractory to standard therapies who initiated trifluridine/tipiracil plus bevacizumab from January 2016 to March 2018 or trifluridine/tipiracil monotherapy from June 2014 to December 2015 were retrospectively reviewed at our institution.Results Totally, 60 patients received trifluridine/tipiracil plus bevacizumab and 66 received trifluridine/tipiracil monotherapy. All patients had previously received standard chemotherapy. Median progression-free survival (PFS) was 3.7 months [95% confidence interval (CI), 2.3−5.1] in the trifluridine/tipiracil plus bevacizumab group and 2.2 months (95% CI, 1.8−2.6) in the trifluridine/tipiracil monotherapy group [hazards ratio (HR) 0.69; 95% CI 0.48−0.99]. PFS rate at 16 weeks was 46.6% for the trifluridine/tipiracil plus bevacizumab group and 33.9% for the trifluridine/tipiracil monotherapy group. Although a relatively higher incidence of grade ≥3 neutropenia was observed in the trifluridine/tipiracil plus bevacizumab group than that in the other group (50.0% vs. 40.9%, p = 0.371), the incidence of febrile neutropenia was not high (3.3% vs. 7.8%, p = 0.444).Conclusions In real-world settings, trifluridine/tipiracil plus bevacizumab prolonged PFS and helped achieve higher 16-week PFS rate compared with trifluridine/tipiracil monotherapy in patients with heavily pretreated mCRC with manageable toxicities.
Characterizing Minimally Disturbed Soils in a Highly Disturbed Urban Environment
Authors: Burgos Hernández Tania D. , Slater Brian K. , Shaffer Jared M. 
Published: September 2019

Core Ideas
Historical maps were used to identify two undisturbed soil pedons in the urban area.
Strong correlation was found between dolomite and the very coarse and coarse sand fractions.
The Y2O3/ZrO2 ratios of soil minerals can be used to identify disturbance boundaries.
Urban soils are often highly disturbed by anthropogenic activity, and consequent impacts on soil function are not well understood. Minimizing the disturbance of highly modified soils, including those at The Ohio State University, will decrease local C footprints. The main objective of this study was to locate and characterize relatively undisturbed soils in the urban study area to use as a baseline for comparison with a wider range of sampled profiles. Historical campus maps were used to locate and sample three areas where building footprints indicated that minimally disturbed soils might be found. Pedon 1 was classified as a Celina silt loam (fine, mixed, active, mesic Aquic Hapludalfs) and Pedon 2 as an Eldean silt loam (fine, mixed, superactive, mesic Typic Hapludalfs). Pedon 3 exhibited evidence of significant disturbance due to the presence of foreign materials and disrupted horizonation. Pedon 3 had the highest percentage of total C of all three sites at 0‐ to 70‐cm depth due to the presence of asphalt. In Pedon 2, most of the total C from the BC horizon and below was inorganic C derived from calcareous glacial outwash parent material. Pedon 1 showed a mostly homogeneous parent material due to the consistent geochemical ratios throughout the soil profile. There were abrupt horizon discontinuities in Pedon's 2 and 3 ratios indicating heterogeneity of materials. Establishing baseline soil characteristics shows how urban soils have been modified over time and provides information for policymakers to understand the urbanization of soil environments and to enhance ecosystem services.
Integrated Water and Nitrogen Management Practices to Enhance Yield and Environmental Goals in Rice–Ratoon Rice Systems
Authors: Zhang Lin , Jiang Peng , Gou Xiaoyi , Zhou Xingbing , Zhu Yongchuan , Liu Mao , Xiong Hong , Xu Fuxian 
Published: September 2019

Water and N management play a vital role in rice (Oryza sativa L.) production; however, limited information is available on the options to increase rice yield in rice–ratoon rice systems, including an appropriate combination of water regime (W), N application rate (NAR) and N application method (NAM). To address this question, field experiments were conducted with two Ws [simplified alternate wetting and drying (SAWD) and continuous flooding (CF)], four NARs (control, N0; 180 kg N ha−1, N180; 255 kg N ha−1, N255; and 330 kg N ha−1, N330) and two NAMs[45% of fertilizer pre‐plant, 15% of fertilizer at tilling, 40% of fertilizer at bud (BTB) and 45% of fertilizer pre‐plant, 15% of fertilizer at boot, 40% of fertilizer during grain filling (BPG)]. On average, the grain yields of the main crop, the ratoon crop, and their total for SAWD were 3.7%, 6.8%, and 4.4% higher than for CF, respectively. The relationships between NAR and the main crop, ratoon crop, and total yields were well fitted by quadratic equations. The rice yields of the main crop, ratoon rice, and their total under BPG were equal to or slightly higher than those under BTB. The interactive effect of W×NAR was significant on the main rice crop yield and total rice yield, but W×NAM, NAR×NAM and W×NAR×NAM were all related to the soil‐based yield. The use of integrated water and N management practices could achieve high yields and reduce water and N inputs in rice‐ratoon rice systems.Core Ideas

The relationships between NAR and the main crop, ratoon crop, and total yields were well fitted by quadratic equations.
The interactive effect of W×NAR was significant on the main rice crop yield and total rice yield, but W×NAM, NAR×NAM and W×NAR×NAM were all related to the soil‐based yield.
The use of the SAWD‐N180–BPG treatment could achieve high yields and reduce water and N inputs in rice‐ratoon rice systems.
Response of Maize to Different Soil Residual Phosphorus Conditions
Authors: de Oliveira Luiz E. Zancanaro , Nunes Rafael de S. , de Sousa Djalma M. G. , Busato Jader G. , de Figueiredo Cícero C. 
Published: September 2019

Large reserves of phosphorus (P) in Brazilian soils can be potentially used by crops. However, it is not well known how different tillage systems and past P fertilizer management strategies affect legacy P utilization. A trial was conducted in an Oxisol (Rhodic Haplustox) at Embrapa Cerrados, Federal District, Brazil to investigate the effects of different soil residual P conditions on maize yield. For 17 yr, annual summer crops were fertilized with 80 kg ha−1 yr−1 P2O5 in a split‐plot design consisting of eight treatments: no‐tillage system (NT) or conventional tillage (CT), fertilized with triple superphosphate (TSP) or reactive rock phosphate (RRP), applied to the crop furrow or broadcast. P fertilization was then discontinued and maize grown for 4 seasons relied on the residual soil P under NT or CT. Residual P use efficiency, calculated as a ratio between grain yield and total residual P in the soil, was greater under NT than CT, as a consequence of higher availability of P determined by Bray‐1, Mehlich‐1 and Olsen methods. Past use of RRP sustained better yields and higher residual P use efficiency, especially in NT, due to its lower solubilizing rate. P placement strategy did not change residual P use efficiency. We recommend assess amount of available P to identify sites in which residual P may sustain crop needs. Finally, the use of RRP, especially under NT, is a recommended management strategy for reducing phosphate fertilizer demand in heavily weathered soils of Central Brazil.Core Ideas

No‐tillage system promotes efficient P use, especially after discontinued P supply.
Due to slow solubilizing rate, reactive rock phosphate sustains better residual P availability.
Fertilizer placement did not influence residual P use efficiency.
Root Growth and Architecture Responses of Bread Wheat Cultivars to Salinity Stress
Authors: Rahnama Afrasyab , Fakhri Shokooh , Meskarbashee Moosa 
Published: September 2019

The screening of genotypes that perform better in saline soils is important for food security as the arable land affected by this problem is increasing. To mimic the conditions found in saline fields, a saline soil‐based screening method was developed to distinguish genetic diversity in root growth responses and shoot growth rates of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars, namely Roshan, Bam, Tabbasi, Mahooti, Shiraz, Qods, Falat, and Atrak. Soil‐filled polyvinyl chloride (PVC) tubes perfused with 50 to 200 mM NaCl and a standard nutrient solution was employed. A constant salt concentration was maintained throughout the soil profile in the PVC tubes. Genetic variation in root growth and leaf Na+ concentrations was observed between cultivars in response to salinity. Salinity decreased the relative growth rate, seminal and total root length, and the distance between root tip and the first lateral root but increased total branch roots. For most traits, the growth reductions due to salinity were higher in salt‐sensitive compared with salt‐tolerant cultivars. The seminal root length was reduced more than branch root length in all cultivars. Roshan and Tabbasi were identified as the most tolerant to salinity due to their longer seminal axile roots, shorter distance from the tip, higher distal branch root numbers, and higher branch root length compared to the other cultivars. A positive relationship between genetic variations in root growth response and relative growth rate indicates that root growth might be the key factor driving shoot growth and can be used as a criterion for screening salinity tolerance.Core Ideas

Genetic variation was found in root growth traits and shoot growth rate in response to soil salinity.
Salinity reduced shoot growth rate, seminal and total root length, but increased branch root length.
A positive relationship was found between root growth response and shoot growth rate.
A Growth Model to Estimate Shoot Weights and Leaf Numbers in Tea
Authors: Chen Hungyen , Liu Chien‐Ju , Liu Chiou‐Fang , Hu Chi‐Yi , Hsiao Meng‐Chin , Chiou Ming‐Tzu , Su Yen‐Shuo , Tsai Hsien‐Tsung 
Published: September 2019

Increases in plant weight are strongly correlated with the amount of solar radiation that the plants receive. However, tea (Camellia sinensis) growth models are limited in their ability to integrate solar radiation into the predictions. In this study, we developed a predictive model for estimating tea shoot weights based on solar radiation and air temperatures. We combined information on daily solar radiation and daily air temperature to estimate the dry weight and fresh weight of a shoot in a tea crop. In addition, the range of shoot weights and leaf numbers could be estimated based on weather records. The estimated dry weight increases per unit of solar radiation for air temperatures of < 15, 15–17, 17–19, 19–21, 21–23, 23–25, 25–27, 27–29, and >29°C were 0.043, 0.074, 0.075, 0.334, 0.480, 0.283, 0.122, 0.079, and 0.028 g MJ–1, respectively. The model results suggest that the estimated shoot weights were highly correlated with the observed weights for both dry weight (r = 0.75, p < 0.001) and fresh weight (r = 0.79, p < 0.001). The estimated fresh weight ranges of shoots having two to six leaves were 0.31–3.48, 0.16–3.53, 0.44–5.60, 0.66–6.74, and 2.09–9.91 g, respectively. This study provided a statistical procedure that can be used to estimate the growth of tea crops for agricultural researchers. The results provide a means of assessing production and planning harvesting dates for tea farmers in Taiwan.Core Ideas

A method to predict the weight of tea shoot was developed using field investigations.
Data of solar radiation and air temperature were used to estimate shoot weights.
The highest dry weight increases to solar radiation was 0.48 g MJ–1 at 21 to 23°C.
The estimated weight range of shoots can be used to schedule dates for shoot plucking.
Reclamation of Coastal Saline Wasteland Using Drip Irrigation and Embedded Subsurface Pipes
Authors: Xu Jiachong , Li Xiaobin 
Published: September 2019

A 3‐yr field experiment investigated the impact of drip irrigation and embedded subsurface drain pipes on salt leaching and Chinese rose (Rosa chinensis Jacq.) growth in a severely degraded saline soil located in north China. The experiment consisted of five soil matric potential (SMP) treatments where the soil matric potential at 0.2 m below the emitter was −5, −10, −15, −20 and −25 kPa in 2014 and 2015 and then decreased to −15, −20, −25, −30 and −35 kPa in 2016. With time, the size of the low salinity zone increased and the soil extract electrical conductivity (ECe) in surface 40 cm decreased from 27.32 to <1.5 dS m−1. Soil water content increased with increasing SMP threshold values in the surface soil profile, but there were no significant differences among treatments in the deep layer. Soil pH values increased and then decreased for all treatments and obvious alkalization occurred, especially in the root zone. High survival rates of Chinese rose with values >96% were obtained in 2014 for all treatments and these decreased with time, especially in the lower SMP treatments in 2016. An SMP higher than −5 kPa in the first year, −10 kPa in the second year and −20 kPa in the third year, combined with an irrigation water event of 10 mm, can be used for rose drip‐irrigation scheduling, which can maintain survival rates of >85% on reclamation of coastal saline sandy loam soil with embedded subsurface pipes.Core Ideas

Chinese roses were grown on coastal saline soils under drip irrigation and embedded subsurface pipe.
Five soil matric potential thresholds were set for drip irrigation.
The drip irrigation scheduling for rose grown in coastal saline soils was determined.
Nitrogen Consumption and Productivity of Cotton under Sensor‐based Variable‐rate Nitrogen Fertilization
Authors: Yu Jianming , Yin Xinhua , Raper Tyson B. , Jagadamma Sindhu , Chi Daocai 
Published: September 2019

Precision N management based on crop reflectance can be used to reduce over‐ and under‐application of N fertilizer to cotton (Gossypium hirsutumL.). The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of variable‐rate nitrogen management systems (VNMS) based on optical sensing of crop canopy relative to a farmer's uniform‐rate nitrogen application system (FUNS) on N fertilizer consumption, post‐harvest soil N level, and cotton productivity. Eight field strip‐plot trials were conducted on cotton across West Tennessee during 2012 to 2014. Four sensor‐based VNMS were compared with FUNS in a randomized complete block design with three replicates. Two VNMS were based on optical sensing of canopy alone with different algorithms, while the other two were developed from optical sensing and crop yield maps of previous years but differed in algorithms. The variable and uniform fertilizer application systems had similar leaf N concentrations between early bloom and mid‐bloom and similar canopy normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) values at mid‐bloom. The VNMS produced similar lint yield as FUNS. The VNMS reduced N consumption by 10.3 to 16.9% and improved nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) by 8.3 to 11.0% compared with FUNS. Both VNMS and FUNS had similar post‐harvest N levels in soil profile. Benefits from incorporating yield maps into sensor‐based VNMS were not noticeable. Thus, the in‐season sensor‐based VNMS are reliable in precision N management for cotton resulting in comparable lint yield, less N consumption, and higher NUE, which could lead to environmental and economic benefits.Core IdeasLeaf N concentration and canopy normalized difference vegetation index were comparable under variable‐rate N management systems relative to a farmer's uniform‐rate N application system.Variable‐rate N management systems produced similar lint yield but better fiber quality compared with a farmer's uniform‐rate N application system.Variable‐rate N management systems reduced N use by 10.3 to 16.9% but increased nitrogen use efficiency by 8.3 to 11.0% over a farmer's uniform‐rate N application system.No effect of variable‐rate N management systems was observed on post‐harvest soil N level relative to a farmer's uniform‐rate N application system.Benefits with incorporating yield maps into sensor‐based variable‐rate N management systems were not noticeable.
Elucidating the Effects of Land Cover and Usage on Background Escherichia coli Sources in Edge‐of‐Field Runoff
Authors: Gregory Lucas F. , Harmel R. Daren , Karthikeyan Raghupathy , Wagner Kevin L. , Gentry Terry J. , Aitkenhead‐Peterson Jacqueline A. 
Published: September 2019

Escherichia coli contamination in surface water is a universal issue that signifies potentially increased human health risks from fecal loading. Nonpoint‐source contamination contributes to instream fecal loading; however, land use and land cover can alter its effects on stream water quality. Different land uses and land covers yield various landscape factors that influence water quality. This study evaluated E. coli occurrence, movement, and distribution by monitoring soil and rainfall runoff from small, ungrazed, upland watersheds under native prairie, managed hay pasture, and cultivated cropland uses and land covers. Management strategies applied to each small watershed excluded anthropogenic E. coli input, thus yielding E. coli concentrations that are considered background sources. Significant differences in median E. coli loads in runoff were identified (1.47 × 109–5.71 × 109) despite similar runoff volume among watersheds, suggesting that land use and land cover differences can significantly affect background pollutant load transport during runoff events. Estimated soil‐derived E. coli loads were significantly less (≤0.0046%) than runoff loads, suggesting that recent fecal deposition is likely the primary source of E. coli loading in surface runoff. Results further demonstrate the complexity in understanding watershed E. coli fate and transport and highlight the challenges in modeling, managing, and assessing background and other nonpoint‐source E. coli loads.Core Ideas
Land use and land cover differences can affect E. coli concentrations and loads.
Upland soils were not a significant contributor of E. coli in surface runoff.
Wildlife can contribute significant E. coli loading in edge‐of‐field runoff.