bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Festival psychiatry
Authors: Rodin Ian , Braithwaite Richard 
Published: March 2018

SUMMARYThis article is based on our experience of volunteering for the charity Festival Medical Services, to provide mental healthcare at the Glastonbury Festival of Contemporary Performing Arts and the Reading Festival. It describes the history of these annual events and the development of medical and psychiatric services offered. Principles of assessment and management of mental disorder in festival settings are outlined and common psychiatric presentations are described. Legal aspects of care are discussed. The article is intended primarily to inform others of this interesting and unusual form of mental healthcare and we hope that aspects of our experience will prompt reflection on psychiatric practice in other settings.LEARNING OBJECTIVES•Understand how psychiatric care is provided at the Glastonbury and Reading Festivals•Recognise the symptoms and signs of organic and functional conditions likely to present to psychiatrists at festivals•Identify the principles of psychiatric management in festival settingsDECLARATION OF INTERESTI.R. and R.B. gain free entry to the Glastonbury and Reading Festivals through their voluntary work with Festival Medical Services.
A Case of General Paralysis, with Examination of the Brain, Medulla Oblongata and Spinal Cord
Authors: Clarke J. Lockhart 
Published: February 2018

This case was in the Glasgow Royal Infirmary under the care of Dr. Gairdner, who sent me for examination portions of the cerebral hemispheres, the pons Varolii, the medulla oblongata, and spinal cord. The following were the chief and most prominent symptoms:—Imperfect articulation and srvaying gait, characteristic of General Paralysis of the Insane, inequality of pupils, well marked delusion as to the origin of the disease; acquired habits of lying, swearinq, and stealing.
Highly Enhanced Electrochemical Water Oxidation Reaction over Hyperfine β-FeOOH(Cl):Ni Nanorod Electrode by Modification with Amorphous Ni(OH)2
Authors: Suzuki Tomiko M , Nonaka Takamasa , Kitazumi Kosuke , Takahashi Naoko , Kosaka Satoru , Matsuoka Yoriko , Sekizawa Keita , Suda Akihiko , Morikawa Takeshi 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
A highly crystalline, 10 nm-sized red rust water oxidation catalyst composed of pure β-phase FeOOH(Cl) nanorods (ca. 3 × 13 nm) doped with Ni ions (β-FeOOH(Cl):Ni) and surface-modified with amorphous Ni(OH)2 (a-Ni(OH)2, at a Ni to Fe ratio of 22 at.%) was synthesized by a facile one-pot process at room temperature. The overpotential during the electrochemical oxygen evolution reaction (OER) over the β-FeOOH:Ni/a-Ni(OH)2 stacked nanorod anodes was 170 mV, and an OER current of 10 mA/cm2 was obtained at an overpotential of 430 mV in a 0.1 M KOH solution. X-ray absorption fine structure analysis, Mössbauer spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and impedance spectroscopy suggested that surface modification with the a-Ni(OH)2 lowered the OER overpotential of β-FeOOH(Cl):Ni, resulting in the very high current density at low potential compared with Fe-rich oxide and oxyhydroxide electrodes reported previously. Mössbauer spectroscopy suggested interaction between Fe and Ni species, which may be crucial evidence for the enhanced activity in the Fe-rich OER system.
What are the mechanisms that enable the reciprocal involvement of seldom heard groups in health and social care research? A rapid realist review protocol
Authors: Ní Shé Éidín , Davies Carmel , Blake Catherine , Crowley Rachel , McCann Amanda , Fullen Brona , O'Donnell Deirdre , O'Connor Joan , Kelly Sheila , Darcy Majella , Bolger Fiona , Ziebland Sue , Taylor Mervyn , Watt Phillip , O'Sullivan Diarmaid , Day Mary , Mitchell Derick , Donnelly Sarah , McAuliffe Eilish , Gallagher William M. , Walsh Judy , Kodate Naonori , Cutlar Laura , Cooney Marie Therese , Kroll Thilo 
Published: February 2018

Background: The University College Dublin (UCD) PPI Ignite Connect Network will fundamentally embed public and patient involvement (PPI) in health-related research, education and training, professional practice and administration in UCD’s institutional structures and procedures. A significant focus of the programme of work is on actively engaging and developing long-term reciprocal relationships with seldom heard groups, via our ten inaugural partners. Methods: This rapid realist review will explore what are the mechanisms that are important in actively engaging seldom heard groups in health and social care research. The review process will follow five iterative steps: (1) clarify scope, (2) search for evidence, (3) appraise primary studies and extract data, (4) synthesise evidence and draw conclusions, and (5) disseminate findings. The reviewers will consult with expert and reference panels to focus the review, provide local contextual insights and develop a programme theory consisting of context–mechanism–outcome configurations. The expert panel will oversee the review process and agree, via consensus, the final programme theory. Review findings will follow the adopted RAMESES guideline and will be disseminated via a report, presentations and peer-reviewed publication. Discussion: The review will update and consolidate evidence on the mechanisms that enable the reciprocal engagement and participation of ‘seldom heard’ groups in health and social care research. Via the expert and reference process, we will draw from a sizeable body of published and unpublished research and grey literature. The local contextual insights provided will aid the development of our programme theories. This new evidence will inform the design and development of the UCD PPI Ignite program focused on ensuring sustained reciprocal partnerships.
Cervical screening: A new way forward (tests of risk and tests of disease)
Authors: O'Leary John J. , White Christine , Spillane Cathy , Naik Padma , O'Brien Roisin , Reynolds Stephen , Pham Trin , Pilkington Loretto , Sharkey Ochoa Imogen , Bolger Noel , Barry O'Crowley Jacqui , Tewari Prerna , O'Toole Sharon , Sweeney Mary , Keegan Helen , Normand Charles , Sharp Linda , Flannelly Grainne , Martin Cara ,   CERVIVA, the Irish Cervical Screening Research Consortium
Published: February 2018

Cervical screening has been a highly successful health promotion initiative. The way cervical screening is delivered is about to change dramatically, with the introduction of 'tests of risk' and 'tests of disease' based on primary HPV testing and the use of cell host response biomarkers. This article addresses the fundamental basis of this change in clinical practice and offers insights into how the future of cervical screening will look.
Team Leadership and Performance: Combining the Roles of Direction and Contribution
Authors: Rahmani Morvarid , Roels Guillaume , Karmarkar Uday S. 
Published: February 2018

In knowledge-intensive projects, one of the challenges project team leaders often face is how to combine their roles of direction and contribution. In this paper, we propose a game-theoretic model of team leadership of coproductive projects and study how team leaders should combine their directing and contributing efforts depending on the team and project characteristics. Our analysis reveals that two types of team leadership approaches arise in equilibrium, namely, “participatory” team leadership, under which the team leader gives the team members full discretion on their choice of effort, and “directive” team leadership, under which the team leader demands team members exert higher effort than what they would choose to exert voluntarily. We find that directive team leadership is optimal when the team members have low incentives, that is, when their rewards are low, the size of the team is large, or failure is not too costly (e.g., continuation is possible); otherwise, participatory team leadership is optimal. Moreover, we show that a higher degree of effort complementarity (as in innovative projects) leads to greater alignment between the team leader’s and team members’ contributing efforts, which, under directive team leadership, also implies greater alignment between the team leader’s directing and contributing efforts. Finally, the team leader should set the team size and team members’ rewards in a way that accentuates the difference between the two team leadership approaches. That is, under directive team leadership, she should set a large team size and offer the team members low rewards whereas under participatory team leadership she should set a small team size and offer the team members high rewards. The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2017.2911 . This paper was accepted by Ashish Arora, entrepreneurship and innovation.
Data Uncertainty in Markov Chains: Application to Cost-Effectiveness Analyses of Medical Innovations
Authors: Goh Joel , Bayati Mohsen , Zenios Stefanos A. , Singh Sundeep , Moore David 
Published: February 2018

Cost-effectiveness studies of medical innovations often suffer from data inadequacy. When Markov chains are used as a modeling framework for such studies, this data inadequacy can manifest itself as imprecision in the elements of the transition matrix. In this paper, we study how to compute maximal and minimal values for the discounted value of the chain (with respect to a vector of state-wise costs or rewards) as these uncertain transition parameters jointly vary within a given uncertainty set. We show that these problems are computationally tractable if the uncertainty set has a row-wise structure. Conversely, we prove that the row-wise structure is necessary for tractability. Without it, the problems become computationally intractable (strongly NP-hard). We apply our model to assess the cost-effectiveness of fecal immunochemical testing (FIT), a new screening method for colorectal cancer. Our results show that despite the large uncertainty in FIT’s performance, it could be cost-effective relative to the prevailing screening method of colonoscopy. The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/opre.2017.1685 .
Entrepreneurial Finance and the Effects of Restrictions on Government R&D Subsidies
Authors: Conti Annamaria 
Published: March 2018

Entrepreneurial ventures often face liquidity constraints. While governments have intervened with programs subsidizing research and development (R&D) projects, these programs may have their effectiveness undermined by the restrictions they impose on subsidy recipients. We study the impact on venture outcomes of one important restriction, namely, the prohibition on transferring know-how away from a given geographic area. Using novel data on Israeli start-ups and evaluating a policy change that relaxed this restriction, we find that the policy change increased the likelihood of applying for a subsidy for start-ups most likely to have been affected by the restriction. We also show that R&D subsidies had a significant positive effect on start-up survival, the ability to attract external investment, and innovation, but only for recipients applying for subsidies after the restriction was relaxed. The e-companion is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.2017.1168 .
Taking cinematic aesthetics into outer space: Dreaming of Space and Paper Soldier
Authors: Majsova Natalija 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
This article takes up Rancière’s conceptualization of the regimes of art in order to explore what might be left of art, if the scale of the world is expanded to the cosmos, rather than constrained to earth. Starting from the assertion that the beginning of the space age may be considered an event that radically reshapes the coordinates of subjectivity, the paper discusses its reverberations in the realm of aesthetics. The text focuses on two recent Russian films about the beginning of the space age: Dreaming of Space (2005) and Paper Soldier (2008). Both films are examined as statements – ones that are contextually bound and yet that harbour an element of excess – rather than as mere representations of a certain socio-cultural context.
Preditores das atitudes negativas face ao envelhecimento e face à sexualidade na terceira idade
Authors: Pereira Diane , Ponte Filomena , Costa Eleonora 
Published: March 2018

Este estudo analisou as diferenças entre jovens e idosos ao nível das atitudes e dos conhecimentos face ao envelhecimento e face à sexualidade na terceira idade; a relação entre as variáveis em estudo; e os preditores das atitudes negativas face ao envelhecimento e das atitudes negativas face à sexualidade na terceira idade. Cento e cinquenta e três jovens universitários e 42 idosos participaram no estudo. Os resultados indicaram que os jovens apresentam um menor nível de conhecimentos acerca da sexualidade na terceira idade do que os idosos, e os idosos possuem atitudes mais negativas face ao envelhecimento e atitudes menos permissivas acerca da sexualidade na terceira idade do que os jovens. Verificou-se que quanto maior a atitude negativa face ao envelhecimento, maiores são as atitudes negativas face à sexualidade na terceira idade. Os preditores do idadismo foram a idade mais elevada e o menor contacto diário com idosos. Os preditores das atitudes negativas face à sexualidade na terceira idade foram a idade mais elevada e as atitudes negativas face ao envelhecimento. É importante intervir junto da população ao nível dos conhecimentos, das atitudes negativas face ao envelhecimento e modificação das atitudes negativas face à sexualidade na terceira idade.
Inequalities of Hardy type and generalizations on time scales
Authors: Saker Samir H. , Osman Mahmoud M. , O’Regan Donal , Agarwal Ravi P. 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
In this paper, we prove some new dynamic inequalities on time scales which
as special cases contain several generalizations of integral and discrete
inequalities due to Hardy, Copson, Leindler, Bennett, Pachpatte and Pečarić and Hanjš.
Developmental anomalies of the right hepatic lobe: systematic comparative analysis of radiological features
Authors: Liang Li-Li , Li Hao-Jie , Hu Yao , Li Anqin , Hu Daoyu , Li Zhen 
Published: February 2018

AbstractAimTo investigate the radiological characteristics of developmental anomalies of the right hepatic lobe and to systematically compare the efficiency of CT, MR and ultrasound (US) imaging in revealing characteristics of these disorders.MethodsThis retrospective study was approved by the institutional review board, and the requirement for informed consent was waived. CT, MR or US imaging and clinical data of 43 cases with developmental anomalies of the right hepatic lobe were independently reviewed by two experienced radiologists. Systematic comparative analysis of the CT, MR, and US imaging data indicating the main signs of right lobe aplasia or hypoplasia were obtained. Then, c2tests were performed to compare the results, considering P<0.05 as the significance threshold.ResultsAgenesis of the right hepatic lobe was observed in two cases. The main imaging features were agenesis of the right lobe and the absence of the right branch of the portal vein and hepatic artery, although one patient exhibited right diaphragm agenesis and a diaphragmatic hernia. Aplasia or hypoplasia of the right hepatic lobe was observed in 41 patients, and among these patients, the main radiological characteristics were as follows: right lobe volume reduction and stenosis of the right portal vein (41 cases, 100%), ectopic gallbladder (39 cases, 95%), left lobe hypertrophy (39 cases, 95%), left portal vein thickening (37 cases, 90%), dextral displacement of the first hepatic portal (32 cases, 78%), caudate lobe hypertrophy (16 cases, 39%), cholelithiasis (12 cases, 29%), portal hypertension (14 cases, 34%), tumor complications (11 cases, 27%), liver abscess (2 cases, 5%), concurrent intrahepatic bile pneumatosis (5 cases, 12%), dysplasia of the right hepatic bile duct (2 cases, 5%), and Budd-Chiari syndrome (2 cases, 5%). Comparative analysis of the main signs of right lobe hypoplasia revealed no significant difference in overall diagnostic efficiency between CT, MRI and US (CT VS MR, X2= 6.28, P = 0.985; CT VS US, X2= 11.2, P = 0.797; US VS MR, X2= 8.48, P = 0.903).ConclusionThe main radiological characteristics of developmental anomalies of the right hepatic lobe were right lobe volume reduction, stenosis of the right portal vein, ectopic gallbladder, left lobe hypertrophy and dextral displacement of the first hepatic portal. By combining the data from imaging methods (CT, MRI, and US) with clinical data, developmental anomalies of the right hepatic lobe can be relatively accurately diagnosed. The results of this systematic comparative analysis may improve our understanding of this disease.
Synthesis of (±)-3,4-dimethoxybenzyl-4-methyloctanoate as a novel internal standard for capsinoid determination by HPLC-ESI-MS/MS(QTOF)
Authors: Fayos O , Barbero GF , Savirón M , Orduna J , Durán AG , Palma M , Molinillo JMG , Macías FA , Barroso CG , Mallor C , Garcés-Claver A 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Capsinoids exhibit health-promoting properties and are therefore compounds of interest for medical and food sciences. They are minor compounds present in relatively high concentrations in only a few number of pepper cultivars. It is desirable to quantify capsinoids to provide selected cultivars with high capsinoid contents, which can then be employed as health food product. Quantifying low concentrations of capsinoids from pepper fruit requires a precise and selective analytical technique such as HPLC coupled to electrospray ionization - mass spectrometry, with development of an internal standard essential. In this work, the synthesis method of a novel compound analogue of capsinoids, the (±)-3,4-dimethoxybenzyl-4-methyloctanoate, which could be a suitable internal standard for capsinoid determination by electrospray ionization - mass spectrometry is described.
(±)-3,4-dimethoxybenzyl-4-methyloctanoate was stable under the analysis conditions and exerted chemical and physical properties similar to those of capsinoids. This internal standard will provide an accurate capsinoid determination by electrospray ionization - mass spectrometry, thus facilitating the pepper breeding programs, screening pepper cultivars and a better understanding of capsinoid biosynthetic pathway.
Determination of the country of origin of true mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla King) wood in five Latin American countries using handheld NIR devices and multivariate data analysis
Authors: Silva Diego C. , Pastore Tereza C.M. , Soares Liz F. , de Barros Filipe A.S. , Bergo Maria C.J. , Coradin Vera T.H. , Gontijo Alexandre Bahia , Sosa Mirna Herrera , Chacón Cesar Beltetón , Braga Jez W.B. 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
A rapid and reliable identification of the country of origin of protected timbers is one of the measures for combating illegal logging. Mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla King) trees are distributed from Mexico to Bolivia and the Brazilian Amazon and are included in Appendix II of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES). Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) has been proven to be a promising technique for calibration based and rapid species identification. There are only a few studies concerning the origin determination of mahogany wood. The present study is dedicated to trace back mahogany wood from Bolivia, Brazil, Guatemala, Mexico and Peru by means of two different handheld NIR spectrometers. The spectra were obtained directly from the wood samples, and soft independent modeling of class analogy (SIMCA) and partial least squares for discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) models were developed for data evaluation. The SIMCA model was efficient and 67–100% and 70–98% of the origins were identified based on the spectral ranges from 1595 to 2396 nm and 950 to 1650 nm, respectively. The best results were obtained by the PLS-DA approach, in which the efficiency rates (EFR) vary from 90 to 100% with both spectrometers. In summary, both instruments were highly effective and are suitable for preliminary identification of the country of origin for mahogany wood.
Mitochondrial contributions to neuronal development and function
Authors: Princz Andrea , Kounakis Konstantinos , Tavernarakis Nektarios 
Published: February 2018

AbstractMitochondria are critical to tissues and organs characterized by high-energy demands, such as the nervous system. They provide essential energy and metabolites, and maintain Ca2+balance, which is imperative for proper neuronal function and development. Emerging findings further underline the role of mitochondria in neurons. Technical advances in the last decades made it possible to investigate key mechanisms in neuronal development and the contribution of mitochondria therein. In this article, we discuss the latest findings relevant to the involvement of mitochondria in neuronal development, placing emphasis on mitochondrial metabolism and dynamics. In addition, we survey the role of mitochondrial energy metabolism and Ca2+homeostasis in proper neuronal function, and the involvement of mitochondria in axon myelination.
Effect of Drying on the Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidant Activity of Rubus lambertianus
Authors: Yu Jun , Shangguan Zijian , Yang Xingju , Sun Dan , Zhu Baoqing , Ouyang Jie 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Different drying methods, including hot air drying (HAD), freeze drying (FD), spray drying and vacuum drying (VD), were investigated to determine their influence on the chromatic coordinates, phenolics, anthocyanins and antioxidant activities of dried red raspberry (Rubus lambertianus). Pelargonidin-3-O-glucoside and catechin were found to be the main anthocyanin and non-anthocyanin phenolics, respectively, in fresh red raspberry. The most effective method for controlling browning was FD. The highest protective effects against bioactive compounds were observed in freeze-dried powders, when measuring the total anthocyanins, the scavenging of DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) and hydroxyl radicals and the inhibition effects on lard oxidation. HAD was effective for the preservation of total phenolics, while VD was useful for protecting catechin and procyanidin B1.
Optimising crowdsourcing efficiency: Amplifying human computation with validation
Authors: Chamberlain Jon , Kruschwitz Udo , Poesio Massimo 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Crowdsourcing has revolutionised the way tasks can be completed but the process is frequently inefficient, costing practitioners time and money. This research investigates whether crowdsourcing can be optimised with a validation process, as measured by four criteria: quality; cost; noise; and speed. A validation model is described, simulated and tested on real data from an online crowdsourcing game to collect data about human language. Results show that by adding an agreement validation (or a like/upvote) step fewer annotations are required, noise and collection time are reduced and quality may be improved.
Collective organization of discourse expertise using information technology – CODE IT!
Authors: Paul Katharina T. 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
This paper offers a short report on a participatory citizen science project and offers some reflections on the lessons learned. In particular, we report on our aims and methods, and the development and use of a web application that we designed to enable a collective analysis of press releases allowing a high number of users. Specifically, we give a brief account of the HTML- and PHP-based platform, which was used to analyze and review press releases on a controversial vaccine.