bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transcytosis of payloads that are non-covalently complexed to bispecific antibodies across the hCMEC/D3 blood-brain barrier model
Authors: Schmid Daniela , Buntz Annette , Hanh Phan Thi Ngoc , Mayer Klaus , Hoffmann Eike , Thorey Irmgard , Niewöhner Jens , Vasters Katrin , Sircar Ranjan , Mundigl Olaf , Kontermann Roland E. , Brinkmann Ulrich 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
A transcellular shuttle system was generated for the delivery of non-covalently linked payloads across blood-brain barrier (BBB) endothelial cells. Transcytosis-enabling shuttles are composed of bispecific antibodies (bsAbs) that simultaneously bind transferrin receptor (TfR) and haptens such as digoxigenin or biocytinamide. Haptenylated payloads are attached to these vehicles via non-covalent hapten-antibody complexation. This enables targeting to and internalization into human BBB-derived microvascular endothelial hCMEC/D3 cells. In contrast to other shuttles, this system does not require special affinities or formats of their TfR-binding moieties for transcytosis and subsequent release. Non-covalent payload complexation to bsAb is flexible and robust, works for a multitude of payloads and enables separation of payloads from shuttles during transcytosis. Released payloads can enter the brain without connected bsAb entities, minimizing potential interference with distribution or functionality. Intracellular separation of shuttle and payload and recycling to cell surfaces may also enable recharging of the cell-bound BBB shuttle with payload for subsequent (merry-go-round) transport cycles.
What Determines the Elasticity of Industry Demand?
Authors: Pagoulatos Emilio , Sorensen Robert 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
This paper develops estimates of price elasticity of demand for a sample of U.S. food and tobacco manufacturing industries and tests a model explaining differences in interindustry elasticity. The empirical results are consistent with the hypothesis that demand elasticity is in part determined by the competitive behavior of firms in an industry. In particular, high advertising expenditures result in lower elasticities of demand. Other important variables influencing demand elasticity are industry concentration, the stage of production, the existence of protection from domestic and foreign entry, and the extent of new-product introduction in a particular market.
‘What makes monopoly possible is the efficiency of large-scale operation; what makes it worthwhile is the slope of the demand curve’ [Dorfman (1978, p. 153)].
A note on distributionally robust optimization under moment uncertainty
Authors: Liu Qiang , Wu Jia , Xiao Xiantao , Zhang Liwei 
Published: February 2018

AbstractWe considers a distributionally robust optimization problem when the ambiguity set specifies the support as well as the mean and the covariance matrix of the uncertain parameters. After deriving a general deterministic reformulation for the distributionally robust optimization problem, we obtain tractable optimization reformulations when the support set is the whole space and when it is a convex polyhedral set. A hybrid method of Gurobi and a smoothing Newton conjugate gradient method is suggested to solve the tractable optimization problems and numerical results of the hybrid method for solving an illustrative example are reported.
In iodine-induced thyrotoxicosis, steroid therapy today could keep the surgical knife at bay
Authors: Henry Rohan K. , Chaudhari Monika 
Published: February 2018

Abstract

Background:
Amiodarone-induced thyrotoxicosis (AIT) type 2, characterized as a destructive thyroiditis, is well described in the medical literature; however, iodine-induced thyrotoxicosis (IIT) is not, though the latter has similar features and can be managed similarly.

Case presentation:
We present a 17-year-old female who presented with a history of an intermittent goiter with thyroid function tests (TFTs): thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)<0.015 (0.4–4 μU/mL), free thyroxine (T4)≥6 (0.7–2.1 ng/dL) and total triiodothyronine (T3) 651 (50–200 mg/dL). Thyroid antibodies were all negative. Despite methimazole therapy for 6 weeks, hyperthyroidism proved refractory to medical management. 123I scan uptake was suppressed. With hyperthyroidism being recalcitrant to therapy, a nutritional history revealed consumption of an iodine supplement containing at least 7 times the recommended daily allowance (RDA) for 5 years, contributing to the Jod-Basedow phenomenon. Urinary spot and 24-hour urinary iodine were both elevated. Though a surgical consult was obtained, surgery was cancelled once TFTs improved and then normalized with steroid therapy. The TFTs and urinary iodine levels remained normal post steroid therapy.

Conclusions:
We suggest that in addition to the need for a thorough nutritional history, a trial of corticosteroids should be utilized in the management of IIT which can present with findings similar to AIT type 2 which is recalcitrant to thionamide therapy. If successful, corticosteroids may delay or prevent surgical management thus avoiding possible complications with the latter approach.
Mid-pregnancy cervical length as a risk factor for cesarean section in women with twin pregnancies
Authors: Sung Su Jin , Lee Seung Mi , Oh Sohee , Choi Joo Hee , Park Jee Yoon , Kim Byoung Jae , Lee Joon Ho , Park Chan-Wook , Park Joong Shin , Jun Jong Kwan 
Published: February 2018

Abstract

Objective:
It is well known that a short cervix at mid-pregnancy is a risk factor for spontaneous preterm birth in both singleton and twin gestations. Recent evidence also suggests that a long cervix at mid-pregnancy is a predictor of the risk of cesarean section (C/S) in singleton gestation. The purpose of this study was to determine whether a long cervix at mid-pregnancy was associated with an increased risk of C/S in women with twin pregnancies.

Methods:
We enrolled 746 women pregnant with twins whose cervical length was measured by trans-vaginal ultrasonography at a mean of 22 weeks of gestation and who delivered in our institution. Cases with a short cervix [cervical length (CL) <15 mm] were excluded. Cases were divided into four groups according to the quartile of CL.

Results:
The rate of C/S increased according to the quartile of CL (47% in the 1st quartile, 51% in the 2nd quartile, 56% in the 3rd quartile and 62% in the 4th quartile, P<0.005, χ2 for trend). CL was an independent risk factor for C/S even after adjustment for confounding variables. When confining analysis to women who delivered after a trial of labor (n=418), to nulliparous women (n=633) or to those who delivered at late preterm or full term (n=666), the rate of C/S also increased according to the quartile of CL, and the relationship between CL and the risk of C/S remained significant after adjustment in each group.

Conclusion:
In women pregnant with twins, long CL at mid-pregnancy was a risk factor for C/S.
Hermippus FGrH 1026 F84: Dionysius I, the theatre and the cult of the Muses in Syracuse
Authors: Mojsik Tomasz 
Published: February 2018

Summary:In the current essay, I focus on the issues related to the origins and functions of a cult of the Muses in Syracuse. The research hypothesis may be defined as follows: the cult of the Muses appeared or already existed in Syracuse at the end of the 5thor at the beginning of the 4thcentury at the latest, and it was connected with the theatre. It is also very plausible that there is a connection between a place of cult and the practice of collecting mementos of famous authors. The question is inseparably linked with the interpretation of a passage written by Hermippus of Smyrna, the assessment of the parallel testimony given by Lucian, and the evaluation of the reasons behind the actions of Dionysius I described there. Thus, the present article aims at providing a proper context in which the information recounted by Hermippus might seem probable and Dionysius' motives – understandable.
Trophic state of lobelia lakes subjected to strong anthropogenic pressure located close to the Tricity area (northern Poland)
Authors: Markowski Maciej 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Intensive and expansive human activity greatly accelerates the natural process of lake evolution. It is assumed that an increase in the rate of lake fertilization (often termed “eutrophication”) is the most common and most serious anthropogenic disturbance occurring in these aquatic geoecosystems. Lobelia lakes, one of the most valuable water bodies, are particularly exposed to this type of pressure. The article presents the trophic state of 13 lobelia lakes, located close to the Tricity area, in the northeastern part of the Kashubian Lakeland, which are not legally protected. These lakes represent different geoecosystems determining the rate of their natural evolution, and are subjected to various forms of anthropopressure (numerous summerhouses, fishing, waterside leisure and recreation). The trophic status of these lakes was assessed on the basis of the Carlson-type indices. The evaluation indicated that six of these lakes were in borderline mesotrophic-eutrophic state, and seven represented a significantly advanced eutrophic state.
Introduction: Current perspectives on positive polarity
Authors: Liu Mingya , Iordăchioaia Gianina 
Published: February 2018

AbstractPolarity sensitivity has been an established key topic of linguistic research for more than half a century. The study of polarity phenomena can be extremely revealing about the internal structure of a language, as they usually involve an interaction at the interface between syntax, semantics and pragmatics. In the past, most attention was paid to negative polarity items. However, recent years have witnessed a growing interest in positive polarity items. As a continuation of this trend, this issue collects four papers dedicated to positive polarity items, which enrich the empirical domain with novel observations from different languages and appeal to diverse theoretical concepts such as scalarity and presupposition in their modeling of positive polarity. The results show that positive polarity is a distributional phenomenon that has different sources and most likely cannot be modeled in a unifying way, although there may be subsets of positive polarity items that allow unifying accounts.
Crystal structure of (2-(chlorophenyl)-5-methyl-1,3-dioxane-5-carboxylato–κ2
O,O′)(5,5,7,12,12,14-hexamethyl-1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane-κ4
N,N′,N′′,N′′′)nickel(II) perchlorate monohydrate, Ni(C16H36N4)(C12H12O4Cl)ClO4⋅H2O
Authors: Ou Guang-Chuan , Jia Guo-Kai , Zeng Fei , Tan Ying-zhi , Wang Qiong 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
C28H50Cl2N4NiO9, monoclinic, P21/n, a = 10.333(4) Å, b = 26.305(9) Å, c = 12.640(5) Å, β = 102.421(4)°, V = 3355(2) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0391, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1090, T = 296(2) K.
Crystal structure of (μ2-2,2′-bipyridine-3,3′-dicarboxylato)-bis(5,5,7,12,12,14-hexamethyl-1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane)-di-nickel(II) perchlorate N,N′-dimethylformamide solvate, C50H92Cl2N12Ni2O14
Authors: Li Huan-Yong , Lin Wang , Han Feng-Xian , Ou Guang-Chuan 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
C50H92Cl2N12Ni2O14, monoclinic, C2/c (no. 15), a = 25.731(5) Å, b = 9.940(2) Å, c = 26.574(5) Å, β = 114.825(4)°, V = 6169(2) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0675, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.2209, T = 173(2) K.
Synthesis and crystal structure poly[aqua(μ3-2-(((7-hydroxy-3-(4-hydroxy-3-sulfonatophenyl)-4-oxo-4H-chromen-8-yl)methyl)ammonio)acetate-κ4
O,O′:O′′:O′′′) sodium] monohydrate, C18H18NNaO11S
Authors: Chen Hai-Lin , Lai Hong-Fang , Qin Yong-Ling , Guo Yue-Ning , Chen Ting , Huang Xiao-Yuan 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
C18H18NNaO11S, triclinic, P1̅ (no. 2), a = 8.2627(12) Å, b = 8.6490(11) Å, c = 14.1791(17) Å, α = 82.883(10)°, β = 76.954(12)°, γ = 69.729(12)°, V = 924.8(2) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt(F) = 0.0574, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1609, T = 293(2) K.
Flow dynamics study of catalyst powder in catalytic cracking unit for troubleshooting
Authors: Yelgaonkar Vivek , Agrahari Gaurav , Vikrant Dhakar , Prasanna Rao , Pathak B. K. 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Gamma scanning and radiotracer applications are very effective and inexpensive tools to understand and optimize the process as well as troubleshoot the various types of problems in many chemical, petrochemical industries and refineries. These techniques are non-invasive; hence, the problems can be pinpointed online, which leads to reduce the downtime, schedule the shutdown and maintenance of the plant equipment, rendering huge economic benefits. In a leading refinery of India, the catalytic cracking unit (CCU) was malfunctioning. It was suspected by the refinery engineers that the catalyst powder was being carried over to the fractionator, which could have led to erosion of the fractionator column internals resulting in their rupture, and consequentially, to the fire hazard. To understand the flow behaviour of the catalyst powder and to ensure the mechanical integrity, catalyst accumulation and choking, both radiotracer study and gamma scanning of the CCU reactor was carried out. The reactor consists of a riser, three primary cyclones and three secondary cyclones. Gamma scanning of the reactor was carried out with the help of an automatic gamma scanner using 1.8 GBq of Co-60 sealed source. Results showed that the catalyst powder was accumulated in one of the secondary cyclones and uneven density distribution was observed in another secondary cyclone. The radiotracer study was carried out using the irradiated catalyst powder as a radiotracer, which contains 0.9 GBq of Na-24. The radiotracer was injected in the reactor through the specially fabricated injection system. Radiation measurement was done using the thermally insulated and collimated NaI(Tl) scintillation detectors located at various strategic locations coupled to a multi-detector data acquisition system. The data were mathematically analysed. It was confirmed that the catalyst powder was accumulated in one of the secondary cyclones with no flow downwards. This resulted in excess powder available to travel along with hydrocarbon towards fractionator. Since the quantity of powder released through the hydrocarbon outlet of CCU was higher than the designed value, the catalyst powder was observed in various zones of the fractionator. Mathematical modelling of the radiotracer data obtained at various locations corroborated the scanning results; also, the flow pattern was obtained. Partially blocked secondary cyclone showed plug flow with recirculation; normal working cyclone had plug flow behaviour and the vortex breaker showed parallel flow.
Trinitizing the Universe: Teilhard’s Theogenesis and the Dynamism of Love
Authors: Delio Ilia 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
The God-world relationship bears an ambiguous relationship between God’s immanent life and God’s life in history. The development of the doctrine of the Trinity in the early Church gave rise to a distinction between theologia and oikonomia. Bonaventure’s theology sought to express an economic trinitarianism without compromising the integrity of God’s life, thus maintaining divine immutability and divine impassibility. Twentieth century trinitarian theologies challenge the notion of divine immutability in light of modern science and radical suffering. This paper develops on the heels of twentieth century theology by focusing in particular on the philosophical shifts rendered by modern science and technology. In particular, the insights of Pierre Teilhard de Chardin are explored with regard to Trinity and evolution, precisely because Teilhard intuited that evolution and the new physics evoke a radically new understanding of God. Building on Teilhard’s insights, I suggest that divine creative love is expressed in a fourth mystery which Teilhard called ‟pleromization.” Pleromization is the outflow of divine creative union or, literally, God filling the universe with divine life. Teilhard recapitulates this idea in the evolution of Christ so that theologia and oikonomia are one movement of divine love. My principal thesis is that the Trinity is integrally related to the world; the fullness of divine love includes the personalization of created reality, symbolized by the Christ. To explore this thesis I draw upon the cyborg as the symbol of hybridization and permeable boundaries and interpret Trinitarian life in evolution as cyborg Christogensis. Using the Law of Three, I indicate why a new understanding of Trinitarian life involves complexification and thus a new understanding of Trinity in which the fullness of divine life includes created reality.
Some effects of radiation treatment of biodegradable PCL/PLA blends
Authors: Malinowski Rafał 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Changes in melt flow rate (MFR), mechanical properties, and morphology occurring upon the electron beam (EB) irradiation of polycaprolactone/polylactide (PCL/PLA) blends were discussed. Reference samples and examined blends were prepared using co-rotating twin screw extruder. The obtained materials were irradiated with high-energy EB. The applied radiation dose was 40 kGy. Studies have shown that EB irradiation affected the properties of PCL/PLA blends in different ways. In the case of pure PLA and blends with a significant content of PLA the degradation process mainly occurred, whereas in pure PCL and blends with a significant content of PCL the degradation process was almost absent. Moreover, it was found that properties of PCL/PLA blends depended mainly on the content of PLA phase that was more susceptible to electron radiation than the PCL one.
Humic substances elemental composition of selected taiga and tundra soils from Russian European North-East
Authors: Lodygin Evgeny , Beznosikov Vasily , Abakumov Evgeny 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Soils of Russian European North were investigated in terms of stability and quality of organic matter as well as in terms of soils organic matter elemental composi­tion. Therefore, soil humic acids (HAs), extracted from soils of different natural zones of Russian North-East were studied to characterize the degree of soil organic matter stabilization along a zonal gradient. HAs were extracted from soil of different zonal environments of the Komi Republic: south, middle and north taiga as well as south tundra. Data on elemental composition of humic acids and fulvic acids (FAs) extracted from different soil types were obtained to assess humus formation mechanisms in the soils of taiga and tundra of the European North-East of Russia. The specificity of HAs elemental composition are discussed in relation to environmental conditions. The higher moisture degree of taiga soils results in the higher H/C ratio in humic substances. This reflects the reduced microbiologic activity in Albeluvisols sods and subsequent conser­vation of carbohydrate and amino acid fragments in HAs. HAs of tundra soils, shows the H/C values decreasing within the depth of the soils, which reflects increasing of aromatic compounds in HA structure of mineral soil horizons. FAs were more oxidized and contains less carbon while compared with the HAs. Humic acids, extracted from soil of different polar and boreal environments differ in terms of elemental composition winch reflects the climatic and hydrological regimes of humification.
Zinc oxide impregnated resin for preconcentration and spectrophotometric determination of uranyl ions in aqueous solutions
Authors: Elhefnawy O. A. , Elabd A. A. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThe objective of this work is to find a new, efficient and alternate low-cost adsorbent for preconcentration and spectrophotometric determination of uranyl ions U(VI) from aqueous solution. For this reason the new impregnated resin (ZnO/7HP) has been prepared by sol-gel technique. Characterization of ZnO/7HP was conducted using scanning electron microscopy/energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometer and X-ray diffraction, and Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy. Several important parameters influencing the U(VI) adsorption such as pH, adsorbent amount, initial U(VI) concentration, contact time and temperature were investigated systematically by batch experiments. The obtained results showed that the equilibrium adsorption data were well fitted to the Langmuir model with a maximum adsorption amount of 24.96 mg/g. While the adsorption kinetics data were described well by the pseudo-second order model. This result indicates that the adsorption process is chemisorption. Thermodynamic results indicate that the U(VI) adsorption process is endothermic nature and favors at high temperature. Hydrochloric acid was used for preconcentration of U(VI) and detected spectrophotometry after the reaction with Arsenazo III. According to the definition of International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry, the detection limit of this method was 0.12 μg/L. The relative standard deviation under optimum conditions is less than 3.0 % (n=5). The new impregnated resin ZnO/7HP is a promising adsorbent for preconcentration and spectrophotometric determination of U(VI) in aqueous solutions.
Statistical analysis of diffusion systems with invariants
Authors: Averina Tatiana A. , Karachanskaya Elena V. , Rybakov Konstantin A. 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
The aim of the paper is the construction and numerical solution of stochastic differential equations whose trajectories are located on a given smooth manifold with probability 1. Second order cylindrical surfaces, i.e., elliptic, hyperbolic, and parabolic cylinders serve as examples of such manifolds for the tree-dimensional space (the phase space is two-dimensional). Classes of stochastic differential equations are constructed for these surfaces and linear equations with multiplicative noise are marked in these classes. The results of modelling were used to estimate the deviations of numerical solutions from the manifold. A comparative analysis of considered examples was carried out for accuracy of eight numerical solution methods for stochastic differential equations.
A block Newton’s method for computing invariant pairs of nonlinear matrix pencils
Authors: Demyanko Kirill V. , Nechepurenko Yuri M. 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
The block inverse iteration and block Newton’s methods proposed by the authors of this paper for computing invariant pairs of regular linear matrix pencils are generalized to the case of regular nonlinear matrix pencils. Numerical properties of the proposed methods are demonstrated with a typical quadratic eigenproblem.
Drainage Adits in Upper Silesia – Industrial Technology Heritage and Important Elements of the Hydrotechnical Infrastructure
Authors: Duży Stanisław , Dyduch Grzegorz , Preidl Wojciech , Stacha Grzegorz 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Adits played an important role in the hydrotechnical infrastructure for centuries. Initially, they were used mainly to drain wetland and supply water to the population. There were also inherent in the conduct of mining activities. They were used as exploratory, development and supply headings. Their usual function was to drain, ventilate and transport, and after the cessation of mining they became important elements of the hydrotechnical infrastructure in the transformed mining areas. The article presents issues related to the revitalization of the Main Key Hereditary Adit and Friedrich Adit as essential for the areas in which they are located. Both are hydraulic structures with the possibility of adaptation for tourism purposes. The need to consider some technical activities to be undertaken in this type of objects was pointed out, not only including aspects related to their proper protection so that they can continue to safely perform their function, but also to the preservation of their historical values. Due to their age and the method of drilling used in them, those headings are often included in the list of monuments and protected by law.