bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stegmann Canal Expander for canaloplasty: A novel technique
Authors: Grieshaber Matthias C 
Published: March 2018

Introduction: The concept of canaloplasty is to increase aqueous egress through all structures that control the aqueous outflow, such as the trabecular meshwork, Schlemm’s canal, and collector channels, by viscomodulation and by placing of a suture stent into the canal. Clinical studies show canaloplasty to be safe and efficient in lowering the intraocular pressure; however, proper knotting of the tensioning suture is technically challenging and even impossible if circumferential cannulation cannot be achieved; furthermore, protrusion of the suture stent is a potential lifelong risk. Methods: The specific design of the Stegmann Canal Expander allows a permanent expansion of the canal and distension of the trabecular meshwork. Two expanders are implanted on either side of the surgically created ostium of Schlemm’s canal to treat half of the circumferential outflow system. This article describes the technique step by step, provides the clinician with surgical pearls, and highlights the management of adverse events. Results: Technically, implantation of the Stegmann Canal Expander is simple and does not require a long learning curve, compared to placing and knotting a tensioning suture. Most issues are related to the two-flap dissection technique (deep sclerectomy technique) and not to implantation of the Stegmann Canal Expander. Intraocular pressure reduction without medications to the low teens can be achieved. Conclusions: The Stegmann Canal Expander is a novel micro-device that has the potential to make canaloplasty a simplified, more controlled, and reproducible surgical procedure.
The intracavitary electrocardiography method for positioning the tip of epicutaneous cava catheter in neonates: Pilot study
Authors: Capasso Antonella , Mastroianni Rossella , Passariello Annalisa , Palma Marta , Messina Francesco , Ansalone Antonella , Bernardo Italo , Brescia Daniela , Crispino Francesco , Grassia Carolina , Romano Attilio , Ausanio Gaetano 
Published: March 2018

Purpose: The neonatologists of Sant’Anna and San Sebastiano Hospital of Caserta have carried out a pilot study investigating the safety, feasibility, and accuracy of intracavitary electrocardiography for neonatal epicutaneous cava catheter tip positioning. Patients and methods: We enrolled 39 neonates (1–28 days of postnatal age or correct age lower than 41 weeks) requiring epicutaneous cava catheter in the district of superior vena cava (head–neck or upper limbs). Intracavitary electrocardiography was applicable in 38 neonates. Results: No significant complications related to intracavitary electrocardiography occurred in the studied neonates. The increase in P wave on intracavitary electrocardiography was detected in 30 cases. Of the remaining eight cases, six malpositioned catheters tipped out of cavoatrial junction–target zone (chest x-ray and echocardiographical control) and two were false negative (tip located in target zone). The match between intracavitary electrocardiography and x-ray was observed in 29/38 cases, and the same ratio between intracavitary electrocardiography and echocardiography was detected. Conclusion: We conclude that the intracavitary electrocardiography method is safe and accurate in neonates as demonstrated in pediatric and adult patients. The applicability of the method is 97% and its feasibility is 79%. The overall accuracy is 76% but it rises to 97% if “peak” P wave is detected.
Angry characters and frightened souls: Patients and family explanatory models of bipolar disorder in Taiwan
Authors: Lan Yi-Feng Carol , Zelman Diane C. , Chao Wen-Tao 
Published: March 2018

Bipolar disorder (BD) affects a significant proportion of Taiwanese individuals (Weissman et al., 1996; Yang, Yeh, & Hwu, 2012). Psychotropic medications are typically the mainstay of treatment for BD, and there is an abundance of international research on biological etiology and medication options. However, there is comparatively little research on psychosocial aspects of BD, including how it is understood and managed within families. As culture provides the context in which psychiatric disease is managed, there is a need to identify distinct Chinese psychosocial perspectives that might shed light on intervention options. This research explored how Taiwanese patients and family members comprehend and cope with BD. A sample of 42 participants, including 20 Taiwanese patients diagnosed with Bipolar Disorder-I (BD-I) for at least 4 years, and 22 family members, participated in separate interviews on explanatory models of illness. Qualitative thematic analysis focused on features that were distinct from those in current Western research literature. Five themes were identified that represented Taiwanese conceptualizations of BD, notions of etiology, views regarding treatment, and the difficulties in managing the disorder. Participants used Chinese language terms and descriptions of BD that reflected greater concerns about irritability, anger, and family conflict than about other symptoms, and participants also emphasized characterological trait descriptions of the condition. Their responses reflected their acceptance of lifelong family responsibility for caretaking, clashing beliefs regarding biomedical versus traditional Chinese medical and spiritual models of etiology and cure, profound concerns about the effects of psychiatric medication on the liver and kidney systems, and a focus on stress rather than genetic or biological models of etiology.
Effect of adding upper limb rehabilitation to botulinum toxin-A on upper limb activity after stroke: Protocol for the InTENSE trial
Authors: Lannin Natasha A , Ada Louise , English Coralie , Ratcliffe Julie , Crotty Maria 
Published: March 2018

Rationale Although clinical practice guidelines recommend that management of moderate to severe spasticity include the use of botulinum toxin-A in conjunction with therapy, there is currently no evidence to support the addition of therapy. Aims To determine the effect and cost-benefit of adding evidence-based movement training to botulinum toxin-A. Sample size estimate A total of 136 participants will be recruited in order to be able to detect a between-group difference of seven points on the Goal Attainment Scale T-score with 80% power at a two-tailed significance level of 0.05. Methods and design The InTENSE trial is a national, multicenter, Phase III randomized trial with concealed allocation, blinded assessment and intention-to-treat analysis. Stroke survivors who are scheduled to receive botulinum toxin-A in any muscle(s) that cross the wrist because of moderate to severe spasticity after a stroke greater than three months ago, who have completed formal rehabilitation and have no significant cognitive impairment will be randomly allocated to receive botulinum toxin-A plus evidence-based movement training or botulinum toxin-A alone. Study outcomes The primary outcomes are goal attainment (Goal Attainment Scaling) and upper limb activity (Box and Block Test) at three months (end of intervention) and at 12 months (beyond the intervention). Secondary outcomes are spasticity, range of motion, strength, pain, burden of care and health-related quality of life. Direct costs, personal costs and health system costs will be collected at 12 months. Discussion The results of the InTENSE trial are anticipated to directly influence intervention for moderate to severe spasticity after stroke. Trial Registration ANZCTR12615000616572.
Impact of Search Engine Optimization as a Marketing Tool
Authors: Bhandari Ravneet Singh , Bansal Ajay 
Published: March 2018

Today’s world revolves around information that is the driving force behind any economic value chain. The thirst for information has led to the evolution of online “Search Engines” over last few years and are the most widely used instruments currently. Gradually marketers also started using this platform for marketing their products. This study focuses on the impact of search engine optimization as a marketing tool and its influence on various marketing variables like market share, brand equity and others. Literature review highlights many marketing variables getting affected by search engine optimization. Variables like market share, brand loyalty, brand recognition, product price, product information, brand image, brand awareness, consumer online behavior, and user reviews are few of them. The authors have found that most of the researches have highlighted these variables either in isolation or may be in combination of few. Few studies have considered variables only from marketer’s point of view and others from buyer’s point of view. In this study, the authors have attempted to comprehend and understand empirically, the impact of search engine optimization on various marketing variables identified (after the study) as market share and brand equity as the most prominent ones and product awareness, purchase persuasion and consumer insights the other important ones. To analyze the said phenomenon, the initial step was the examination of the significant writing to develop a comprehension about different parameters of search engine for the brand post. The data were gathered through questionnaire from the sample of 338 respondents who were selected by simple random sampling method mostly from the National Capital Region (NCR) of Delhi in India. The data collected from the respondents were loaded on SAS base for exploratory factor analysis and multiple regression analysis.
Possible role of adipocytokines in systemic sclerosis–associated small pericardial effusion
Authors: Chialà Angela , Rotondo Cinzia , Praino Emanuela , Natuzzi Dorotea , Cacciapaglia Fabio , Iannone Florenzo 
Published: March 2018

Introduction: Pericardial effusion is a common manifestation of systemic sclerosis, but its pathogenesis has been poorly investigated. Adipokines and interleukins may play a role in the pathophysiology of pericardial effusion. This study aimed at evaluating serum levels of adipokines and interleukins in systemic sclerosis patients with and without pericardial effusion. Methods: A total of 87 systemic sclerosis patients (age 52.6 ± 14 years; disease duration 8.2 ± 6.7 years) were recruited in this study. Demographics, body mass index, and clinical characteristics were recorded in each patient. Pericardial effusion was considered pathologic when ≥50 mL was detected by echocardiography. Serum levels of adiponectin, leptin, resistin, visfatin, tumor necrosis factor-α, interferon-γ, interlueukin-2, interlueukin-10, and interlueukin-17 were measured using Multiplex Immunoassay (Bioplex 200 System). Results: In all, 11 (13%) systemic sclerosis patients had pericardial effusion. Systemic sclerosis patients with and without pericardial effusion did not differ in age, sex, and body mass index. Systemic sclerosis patients with pericardial effusion had significantly higher levels of visfatin (median/interquartile range: 1546 pg/mL (interquartile range: 8590) vs 388 pg/mL (interquartile range: 103), p = 0.03) and interlueukin-17 (1.33 pg/mL (interquartile range: 3.5) vs 0.05 pg/mL (interquartile range: 0.56), p = 0.04), but lower levels of adiponectin (2,845,000 pg/mL (interquartile range: 4,132,900) vs 5,272,100 pg/mL (interquartile range 8,243,600), p = 0.02) than patients without pericardial effusion. Interstitial lung disease, pulmonary arterial hypertension, and “limited” or “diffuse” cutaneous subset did not correlate to adipokines or interleukin levels. Conclusion: Visfatin and adiponectin may play an important role in the pathogenesis of systemic sclerosis–related pericardial effusion. Further longitudinal studies are needed to unravel a possible role of these molecules as biomarkers of pericardial effusion in systemic sclerosis patients.
Cell-extrinsic hematopoietic impact of Ezh2 inactivation in fetal liver endothelial cells
Authors: Neo Wen Hao , Booth Christopher A. G. , Azzoni Emanuele , Chi Lijun , Delgado-Olguín Paul , de Bruijn Marella F. T. R. , Jacobsen Sten Eirik W. , Mead Adam J. 
Published: March 2018

Key PointsEzh2 is dispensable for fetal HSCs. Inactivation of Ezh2 in FL endothelium leads to cell-extrinsically mediated anemia.
Biological impact of α genes, β haplotypes, and G6PD activity in sickle cell anemia at baseline and with hydroxyurea
Authors: Bernaudin Françoise , Arnaud Cécile , Kamdem Annie , Hau Isabelle , Lelong Françoise , Epaud Ralph , Pondarré Corinne , Pissard Serge 
Published: March 2018

Key Pointsα genes and CAR haplotypes independently impact hemolytic anemia severity; low G6PD-activity impacts anemia severity in CAR/CAR patients. BEN/BEN patients have a higher prevalence of the favorable BCL11A/rs1427407 T allele and a better response to HU than CAR/CAR patients.
Structural framework from gravity and magnetic data in the paleo/mesoproterozoic Araí rift-sag Basin, Central Brazil
Authors: de Sousa Moro Polyanna , Vidotti Roberta Mary , Dantas Elton Luiz 
Published: March 2018

The Araí Basin comprises a paleo/mesoproterozoic rift-sag basin inverted in a thick-skinned regime during the Brasiliano Orogeny. Its depth to basement, geometry, and lateral extension remain unknown. We have aimed to determine this information based on geophysical/geologic data to clarify its main structures and gain an evolutional understanding. Gravity and magnetic data allowed us to delineate the rift system — its major faults and adjacent postrift sedimentary structures — over its entire length. The geophysical investigation included radial power spectrum analysis and Euler deconvolution alongside the application of edge structure enhancement filters on magnetic anomaly and matched filter grids. A 2.5D forward gravity model was generated using all results, with geophysical sources at depths of 35–42, 20.9–22.6, 11–15.6, 9.68, 8–2.3, and 0.37–0.54 km, respectively, interpreted as the Mohorovičić Discontinuity, Curie Surface, Conrad Discontinuity, granitic intrusions, basement depths, and superficial faults. The main interpreted tectonic framework of the entire area showed a preferential direction in N40E, comprising structures related to the Transbrasiliano Lineament and its reactivations. The basin magnetic signature trends N50-80E, with structures generated essentially in the Brasiliano Orogeny and those related to extensional rift faults reactivations (belonging to São Jorge-Alto Paraíso-Cormari, Cavalcante-Teresina, and Teresina-Nova Roma systems). These fault systems exhibit a magnetic signature at the average depth of 6 km, converging to a single fault detected up to 21.8 km. The main rift faults are in accordance with the Euler solutions and the matched filter interpretation, confirmed by mapped alluvial fans conglomerates. The current structural framework of the basin goes back to the Brasiliano Orogeny, when its sedimentary filling was limited by crustal blocks with distinct compositional, rheologic, and magnetic characteristics. These intrinsic characteristics of each block along with the resulting kinematics were responsible for delimiting the shape and depth of the basin.
The prevalence and treatment outcomes of antineuronal antibody-positive patients admitted with first episode of psychosis
Authors: Scott James G. , Gillis David , Ryan Alex E. , Hargovan Hethal , Gundarpi Nagaraj , McKeon Gemma , Hatherill Sean , Newman Martin P. , Parry Peter , Prain Kerri , Patterson Sue , Wong Richard C. W. , Wilson Robert J. , Blum Stefan 
Published: March 2018

BackgroundAntineuronal antibodies are associated with psychosis, although their clinical significance in first episode of psychosis (FEP) is undetermined.AimsTo examine all patients admitted for treatment of FEP for antineuronal antibodies and describe clinical presentations and treatment outcomes in those who were antibody positive.MethodIndividuals admitted for FEP to six mental health units in Queensland, Australia, were prospectively tested for serum antineuronal antibodies. Antibody-positive patients were referred for neurological and immunological assessment and therapy.ResultsOf 113 consenting participants, six had antineuronal antibodies (anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antibodies [n = 4], voltage-gated potassium channel antibodies [n = 1] and antibodies against uncharacterised antigen [n = 1]). Five received immunotherapy, which prompted resolution of psychosis in four.ConclusionsA small subgroup of patients admitted to hospital with FEP have antineuronal antibodies detectable in serum and are responsive to immunotherapy. Early diagnosis and treatment is critical to optimise recovery.Declaration of interestNone.
Recapitulating early development of mouse musculoskeletal precursors of the paraxial mesoderm in vitro
Authors: Chal Jérome , Al Tanoury Ziad , Oginuma Masayuki , Moncuquet Philippe , Gobert Bénédicte , Miyanari Ayako , Tassy Olivier , Guevara Getzabel , Hubaud Alexis , Bera Agata , Sumara Olga , Garnier Jean-Marie , Kennedy Leif , Knockaert Marie , Gayraud-Morel Barbara , Tajbakhsh Shahragim , Pourquié Olivier 
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACT
Body skeletal muscles derive from the paraxial mesoderm, which forms in the posterior region of the embryo. Using microarrays, we characterize novel mouse presomitic mesoderm (PSM) markers and show that, unlike the abrupt transcriptome reorganization of the PSM, neural tube differentiation is accompanied by progressive transcriptome changes. The early paraxial mesoderm differentiation stages can be efficiently recapitulated in vitro using mouse and human pluripotent stem cells. While Wnt activation alone can induce posterior PSM markers, acquisition of a committed PSM fate and efficient differentiation into anterior PSM Pax3+ identity further requires BMP inhibition to prevent progenitors from drifting to a lateral plate mesoderm fate. When transplanted into injured adult muscle, these precursors generated large numbers of immature muscle fibers. Furthermore, exposing these mouse PSM-like cells to a brief FGF inhibition step followed by culture in horse serum-containing medium allows efficient recapitulation of the myogenic program to generate myotubes and associated Pax7+ cells. This protocol results in improved in vitro differentiation and maturation of mouse muscle fibers over serum-free protocols and enables the study of myogenic cell fusion and satellite cell differentiation.
Theoretical Study of the Relationship between the Geometry and the Orbital Hybridization in the CuAln− (n = 11–13) Cluster
Authors: Ishibashi Chiaki , Matsuzawa Hidenori 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
The relationship between the geometric features and electronic behavior of CuAln− (n = 11–13) clusters was investigated using the B3LYP method with 6-311+G* basis set. The electronic behaviors were analyzed by using the partial density of states (PDOS). The geometric structures were classified on the basis of the cluster framework and the position of a Cu atom. The Cu atom is added to the surface of the Al framework in Type I. The Cu atom locates at the center or inside of the cluster in the Type II. In addition, the double-wheel type CuAl11− (Type III) was examined. Few d-orbital components of Cu are included in the molecular orbitals (MOs) in the peaks higher than −3.5 eV. The d-orbital of Cu contributes to the MOs in the region lower than −3.5 eV. The sp+d and s-p+d bondings occur in Type I. The s-p+d bonding fundamentally occurs in Type II. The s-p+d bonding of Type II is separated into the bonding and anti-bonding of the d and s-p components with the increasing number of Als. In Type III, the contribution of the d-component of Cu to the orbital hybridization is small.
Unresolved Issues that Remain in Molecular Self-Assembly
Authors: Hiraoka Shuichi 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
Two unresolved issues in molecular self-assembly are discussed. Firstly, a novel method for the investigation of molecular self-assembly processes (QASAP: quantitative analysis of self-assembly process) is introduced and recent progress in the understanding of coordination self-assembly processes revealed by QASAP is described. Secondary, a challenge to the construction of discrete molecular self-assemblies that are formed with the aid of weak, nondirectional molecular interactions (such as van der Waals interactions) and the hydrophobic effect is discussed. In the course of the development of hexameric cube-shaped molecular self-assemblies (nanocubes) from gear-shaped amphiphiles (GSAs) in water, a design principle of hydrophobic surface engineering and a novel strategy for the construction of thermally stable discrete assemblies, molecular ‘Hozo’, are presented.
First report of the presence of L1014S Knockdown-resistance mutation in Anopheles gambiae s.s and Anopheles coluzzii from Togo, West Africa
Authors: Djègbè Innocent , Akoton Romaric , Tchigossou Genevieve M. , Ahadji-Dabla Koffi Mensah , Atoyebi Seun Michael , Adéoti Razack , Zeukeng Francis , Ketoh Guillaume Koffivi , Djouaka Rousseau 
Published: March 2018

Background:To optimize the success of insecticide-based malaria control intervention, knowledge of the distribution ofAnopheles gambiaespecies and insecticide resistance mechanisms is necessary. This paper reported an updated data on pyrethroids/DDT resistance in theAn. gambiae s.lpopulation from Togo. Methods:From December 2013 to April 2015, females of indoor-restingAn. gambiae s.lwere captured in three locations belonging to three different ecological zones. Resistance to DDT, permethrin and deltamethrin was screened in F1 progeny of collected mosquitoes using WHO susceptibility tests. The identification of species ofAn. gambiaecomplex and the detection ofkdrandace.1Rallele were carried out using DNA-based molecular techniques.Results:An. gambiaefrom Kovié and Nangbéto were highly resistant to DDT and permethrin with mortalities rate ranging from 0.83% to 1.58% for DDT and zero to 8.54% for permethrin. Mosquitoes collected in Nangbéto displayed 81.53% mortality with deltamethrin.An. coluzziiandAn. gambiaes.s were found in sympatry in Nangbéto and Mango.The allelic frequency of L1014F was high, ranging from 66 to 100% in bothAn. coluzziiandAn. gambiae s.s. For the first time we detected the L1014S allele in bothAn. coluzziiandAn. gambiaes.s.from Togo at the frequency ranging from 5% to 13% in all the sites. ThekdrN1575Y was present at various frequencies in both species ranging from 10% to 45%. BothAn. gambiae s.s.andAn. coluzziishared theace1Rmutation in all investigated sites with allelic frequency ranging from 4% to 16%.Conclusion:These results showed that multiple mutations are involved in insecticides resistance inAn. gambiaepopulations from Togo including the kdr L1014F, L1014S, and N1575Y andace.1RG119S mutations.