bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Initial results from the off‐label use of the SAPIEN S3 valve for percutaneous transcatheter pulmonary valve replacement: A multi‐institutional experience
Authors: Sinha Sanjay , Aboulhosn Jamil , Asnes Jeremy , Bocks Martin , Zahn Evan , Goldstein Bryan H. , Zampi Jeffrey , Hellenbrand William , Salem Morris , Levi Daniel 
Published: December 2018

AbstractObjectivesTo describe a multi‐center experience of percutaneous transcatheter pulmonary valve replacement (TPVR) using the Edwards Sapien S3 Valve.BackgroundOff‐label use of the Sapien S3 valve can allow for TPVR in patients with congenital heart disease (CHD) and large diameter dysfunctional right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT). The initial experience at five centers with the SAPIEN S3 valve for TPVR is presented with a focus on procedural techniques, success, complications, and efficacy.MethodsA retrospective review was performed of all patients with CHD and dysfunctional RVOT who underwent TPVR using Sapien S3 valve. Imaging data, procedural elements, and clinical follow‐up data were collected to evaluate acute and short‐term results.ResultsA total of 50 patients underwent percutaneous placement of the Sapien S3 in the pulmonary position. Of these, 38 were placed into “native RVOTs”, measuring 24–32 mm in diameter, as assessed by compliant balloon sizing. In all cases, the valve was implanted after introduction and there were no cases of valve embolization. On follow up (range 1–9 months, median 3 months), no patients had significant obstruction or regurgitation through or around the valve requiring intervention. There were no procedural deaths. Major complications included severe aortic compression (n = 1) and tricuspid valve (TV) injury related to valve placement (n = 2) and prestenting (n = 1).ConclusionsTPVR in patients with large diameter dysfunctional RVOTs can be effectively performed with the Sapien S3. All procedures were technically successful with no embolizations, no perivalvular leaks, and excellent short‐term valve function. Tricuspid valve injury from implantation of an uncovered valve was a serious procedural complication.
Management of common femoral artery occlusive disease: A review of endovascular treatment strategies and outcomes
Authors: Wong Gordon , Lahsaei Saba , Aoun Joe , Garcia Lawrence A. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractIsolated atherosclerotic lesions of the common femoral artery (CFA) are rare but can produce significant claudication and critical limb ischemia. To date, the “gold standard” treatment for this entity has been common femoral endarterectomy (CFE) with or without patch angioplasty. However, surgery does have significant early postoperative complications, with a 15% combined mortality/morbidity.This manuscript sought to perform a comprehensive review of all studies and available data on endovascular treatment of isolated CFA disease and compare its utility to the traditional gold standard treatment. Twenty‐one studies from 1987 to 2018 were included exploring the various CFA endovascular therapies (percutaneous transluminal angioplasty, intravascular stenting, drug‐coated balloons, and directional atherectomy employed to treat CFA disease, in terms of efficacy, safety, and complications). As a conclusion, endovascular interventions provide acceptable short‐term technical outcomes for CFA disease while limiting procedural complications. While only two randomized controlled trials compare short and long‐term outcomes of surgical versus endovascular treatment, further studies are required to clarify the role of endovascular therapy.
A Versatile Dynamic Light Scattering Strategy for the Sensitive Detection of Plant MicroRNAs Based on Click‐Chemistry‐Amplified Aggregation of Gold Nanoparticles
Authors: Lu Xiaohui , Fan Wenjiao , Feng Qinya , Qi Yan , Liu Chenghui , Li Zhengping 
Published: December 2018

AbstractPlant microRNAs (miRNAs) are naturally 2′‐O‐methylated at the 3′‐terminal; as a consequence, they cannot be efficiently detected by traditional target‐triggered polymerization reactions. Here, a simple but robust enzyme‐free sensing strategy was developed for plant miRNA analysis by using dynamic light scattering (DLS) to monitor the crosslinking of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) amplified by click chemical ligation. Combining the enzyme‐free cycling chemical‐ligation‐mediated signal amplification, and the intrinsic outstanding ability of DLS for discriminating the extremely low level of particle aggregation in a large pool of monodisperse AuNPs, high sensitivity was achieved and as low as 78.6 fm plant miRNA could be easily detected.
Enantioselective Acyl Migration Reactions of Furanyl Carbonates with Chiral DMAP Derivatives
Authors: Fujii Kazuki , Mitsudo Koichi , Mandai Hiroki , Korenaga Toshinobu , Suga Seiji 
Published: December 2018

AbstractAn efficient enantioselective acyl migration reaction of furanyl carbonates was developed to construct all‐carbon quaternary stereogenic centers. In some cases, the reactions required only 0.05 mol % (minimum 500 ppm) of catalyst and showed a high turnover frequency value (TOF; 3640 h−1). Multigram‐scale reactions (10 grams) also proceeded with high enantioselectivity (>99:1 e.r.) in quantitative yield. The catalyst was robust and easily recovered in 98 % yield. A wide range of functional groups were tolerated (15 examples, >98 % yield, up to >99:1 e.r.), and a variety of optically active 3,3′‐disubstituted benzofuranone derivatives, which are useful intermediates for the synthesis of natural products and pharmaceuticals, were efficiently obtained. Control experiments on the catalyst structure (e.g., catalyst 1 a vs. 1 a′ and 1 a′′) and computational calculations revealed that both the catalytic activity and enantioselectivity should be enhanced by hydrogen bonding between catalyst and substrate. Moreover, this system was applied to the challenging γ‐selective acyl migration reaction of furanyl carbonates with high γ‐selectivity and high enantioselectivity (α:γ=10:90, 95:5 e.r.).
High‐sensitivity cardiac troponin T as a predictor of acute Total occlusion in patients with non‐ST‐segment elevation acute coronary syndrome
Authors: Baro Rocío , Haseeb Sohaib , Ordoñez Santiago , Costabel Juan P. 
Published: December 2018

BackgroundA large percentage of patients with non‐ST‐segment acute coronary syndrome (NSTE‐ACS) present with acute total occlusion (TO) of some major epicardial vessel that does not generate electrocardiographic changes. Ongoing research into the methods of accurately predicting acute TO have not yielded great success.HypothesisHigh‐sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs‐cTnT) has a good predictive value for the presence of acute TO of the culprit artery in patients with NSTE‐ACS.MethodsA single‐center retrospective study of 1011 patients diagnosed with NSTE‐ACS who underwent coronary angiography and hs‐cTnT measured on admission. The predictive value of hs‐cTnT in the presence of acute TO was assessed by the area under the ROC curve.ResultsThe mean age of the population was 67.12 ± 13.18 and 74.1% were male. 7.3% of the patients presented with acute TO. The AUC for hs‐cTnT to predict acute TO was 0.95. A hs‐cTnT value of 1006 ng/L (71.8 fold of the URL) best predicted the presence of acute TO, with a sensitivity of 86% and specificity of 95% positive predictive value (PPV): 86% and negative predictive value (NPV): 94%.ConclusionsHs‐cTnT was a good predictor of acute TO in patients with NSTE‐ACS. Hs‐cTnT values greater than 1006 ng/L were highly predictive of acute TO of a major coronary vessel.
Atherothrombotic risk stratification after acute myocardial infarction: The Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction Risk Score for Secondary Prevention in the light of the French Registry of Acute ST Elevation or non‐ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction registries
Authors: Puymirat Etienne , Bonaca Marc , Fumery Maxime , Tea Victoria , Aissaoui Nadia , Lemesles Gilles , Bonello Laurent , Ducrocq Grégory , Cayla Guillaume , Ferrières Jean , Schiele François , Simon Tabassome , Danchin Nicolas ,   for the FAST‐MI investigators
Published: December 2018

BackgroundGuidelines recommend using risk stratification tools in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) to assist decision‐making. The Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction Risk Score for Secondary Prevention (TRS‐2P) has been recently developed to characterize long‐term risk in patients with MI.HypothesisWe aimed to assess the TRS‐2P in the French Registry of Acute ST Elevation or non‐ST elevation MI registries.MethodsWe used data from three 1‐month French registries, conducted 5 years apart, from 2005 to 2015, including 13 130 patients with AMI (52% ST‐elevation myocardial infarction [STEMI]). Atherothrombotic risk stratification was performed using the TRS‐2P score. Patients were divided in to three categories: G1 (low‐risk, TRS‐2P = 0/1); G2 (intermediate‐risk, TRS‐2P = 2); and G3 (high‐risk, TRS‐2P ≥ 3). Baseline characteristics and outcomes were analyzed according to TRS‐2P categories.ResultsA total of 12 715 patients (in whom TRS‐2P was available) were included. Prevalence of G1, G2, and G3 was 43%, 24%, and 33% respectively. Clinical characteristics and management significantly differed according to TRS‐2P categories. TRS‐2P successfully defined residual risk of death at 1 year (C‐statistic 0.78): 1‐year survival was 98% in G1, 94% in G2, and 78.5% in G3 (P < 0.001). Using Cox multivariate analysis, G3 was independently associated with higher risk of death at 1 year (hazard ratio [HR] 4.61; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.61‐5.89), as G2 (HR 2.08; 95% CI: 1.62‐2.65) compared with G1. The score appeared robust and correlated well with mortality in STEMI and NSTEMI populations, as well as in each cohort separately.ConclusionsThe TRS‐2P appears to be a robust risk score, identifying patients at high risk after AMI irrespective of the type of MI and historical period.
Utility of fine needle aspiration cytology to diagnose intraoral tuberculosis and other oral granulomatous lesions
Authors: Agarwal Radhika , Singh Meeta , Sharma Sushil , Jaiswal Ankita , Jain Shyama Lata , Khurana Nita , Meher Ravi 
Published: December 2018

ObjectiveTuberculosis (TB) is a common granulomatous disease leading to high morbidity and mortality worldwide. Though rare, oral tuberculosis (OTB) may manifest during the primary and/or secondary stages of the illness. We studied the manifestations and incidence of oral granulomatous lesions (OGL) and OTB diagnosed on fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC).Study designIn this retrospective study, we present a review of 149 cases of benign and inflammatory lesions of oral mucosa diagnosed between 2008 and 2016.ResultOf the 280 oral FNAC performed during the 9 y study period, 149 cases were diagnosed as benign and inflammatory lesions among which 12 (4.3%) showed granulomatous lesions. Four out of 12 cases were diagnosed as OTB. One (0.011%) was a case of Primary OTB with no associated pulmonary or extrapulmonary manifestations of TB and three had associated lymphadenopathy including one with pulmonary TB. Per the clinical records, all four patients responded well to anti tubercular treatment (ATT) rendered under directly observed treatment short course (DOTS) supervision with regular visits and monitoring.ConclusionsAlthough oral mucosal TB is a rare presentation, clinicians and pathologists need to consider it early in the differential diagnosis of primary and secondary oral mucosal lesions. Such patients should be further evaluated for pulmonary TB and tuberculous lymphadenitis.
Porous barriers? Assessment of gene flow within and among sympatric long‐eared bat species
Authors: Andriollo Tommy , Ashrafi Sohrab , Arlettaz Raphaël , Ruedi Manuel 
Published: December 2018

AbstractSpecies are the basic units for measuring biodiversity and for comprehending biological interactions. Yet, their delineation is often contentious, especially in groups that are both diverse and phenotypically conservative. Three cryptic species of long‐eared bats, Plecotus auritus, P. austriacus, and P. macrobullaris, co‐occur over extensive areas of Western Europe. The latter is a fairly recent discovery, questioning the overall diversity of the entire Plecotus complex. Yet, high morphological and acoustic similarities compromise the reliable identification of long‐eared bats in the field. We postulate that such extensive phenotypic overlap, along with the recurrent observation of morphologically intermediate individuals, may hide rampant interspecific hybridization. Based on a geographic sampling centered on areas of sympatry in the Alps and Corsica, we assessed the level of reproductive isolation of these three Plecotus species with mitochondrial and nuclear markers, looking at both inter‐ and intraspecific genetic population structuring. No sign of hybridization was detected between these three species that appear well separated biologically. Genetic structuring of populations, however, reflected different species‐specific responses to environmental connectivity, that is, to the presence of orographic or sea barriers. While the Alpine range and the Ligurian Sea coincided with sharp genetic discontinuities in P. macrobullaris and P. austriacus, the more ubiquitous P. auritus showed no significant population structuration. There were clear phylogeographic discrepancies between microsatellite and mitochondrial markers at the intraspecific level, however, which challenges the reliance on simple barcoding approaches for the delineation of sound conservation units.
Skeletal muscle wasting in chronic heart failure
Authors: Suzuki Tsuyoshi , Palus Sandra , Springer Jochen 
Published: December 2018

AbstractPatients suffering from chronic heart failure (CHF) show an increased prevalence (~20% in elderly CHF patients) of loss of muscle mass and muscle function (i.e. sarcopenia) compared with healthy elderly people. Sarcopenia, which can also occur in obese patients, is considered a strong predictor of frailty, disability, and mortality in older persons and is present in 5–13% of elderly persons aged 60–70 years and up to 50% of all octogenarians. In a CHF study, sarcopenia was associated with lower strength, reduced peak oxygen consumption (peak VO2, 1173 ± 433 vs. 1622 ± 456 mL/min), and lower exercise time (7.7 ± 3.8 vs. 10.22 ± 3.0 min, both P < 0.001). Unfortunately, there are only very limited therapy options. Currently, the main intervention remains resistance exercise. Specialized nutritional support may aid the effects of resistance training. Testosterone has significant positive effects on muscle mass and function, and low endogenous testosterone has been described as an independent risk factor in CHF in a study with 618 men (hazard ratio 0.929, P = 0.042). However, the use of testosterone is controversial because of possible side effects. Selective androgen receptor modulators have been developed to overcome these side effects but are not yet available on the market. Further investigational drugs include growth hormone, insulin‐like growth factor 1, and several compounds that target the myostatin pathway. The continuing development of new treatment strategies and compounds for sarcopenia, muscle wasting regardless of CHF, and cardiac cachexia makes this a stimulating research area.
Human anti‐NKp46 antibody for studies of NKp46‐dependent NK cell function and its applications for type 1 diabetes and cancer research
Authors: Berhani Orit , Glasner Ariella , Kahlon Shira , Duev‐Cohen Alexandra , Yamin Rachel , Horwitz Elad , Enk Jonatan , Moshel Ofra , Varvak Alexandar , Porgador Angel , Jonjic Stipan , Mandelboim Ofer 
Published: December 2018

AbstractNatural killer (NK) cells are innate lymphocytes that efficiently eliminate cancerous and infected cells. NKp46 is an important NK activating receptor shown to participate in recognition and activation of NK cells against pathogens, tumor cells, virally infected cells, and self‐cells in autoimmune conditions, including type I and II diabetes. However, some of the NKp46 ligands are unknown and therefore investigating human NKp46 activity and its critical role in NK cell biology is problematic. We developed a unique anti‐human NKp46 monocloncal antibody, denoted hNKp46.02 (02). The 02 mAb can induce receptor internalization and degradation. By binding to a unique epitope on a particular domain of NKp46, 02 lead NKp46 to lysosomal degradation. This downregulation therefore enables the investigation of all NKp46 activities. Indeed, using the 02 mAb we determined NK cell targets which are critically dependent on NKp46 activity, including certain tumor cells lines and human pancreatic beta cells. Most importantly, we showed that a toxin‐conjugated 02 inhibits the growth of NKp46‐positive cells; thus, exemplifying the potential of 02 in becoming an immunotherapeutic drug to treat NKp46‐dependent diseases, such as, type I diabetes and NK and T cell related malignancies.
Salicylic acid‐enhanced biosynthesis of pharmacologically important lignans and neo lignans in cell suspension culture of Linum ussitatsimum L
Authors: Nadeem Muhammad , Ahmad Waqar , Zahir Adnan , Hano Christophe , Abbasi Bilal Haider 
Published: December 2018

AbstractLinum usitatsimum L. (flax) is a perennial herb with magnitude of medicinal and commercial applications. In the present study, we investigated the effects of salicylic acid (SA) on biosynthesis of lignans (secoisolariciresinol diglucoside (SDG) and lariciresinol diglucoside (LDG)) and neolignans (dehydrodiconiferyl alcohol glucoside (DCG) and guaiacylglycerol‐β‐coniferyl alcohol ether glucoside (GGCG)) in cell cultures of flax. Moderate concentration of SA (50 μM) enhanced biomass accumulation (10.98 g/L dry weight (DW)), total phenolic content (37.81 mg/g DW), and antioxidant potential (87.23%) to two‐fold than their respective controls after 72 h of exposure. However, higher levels of total flavonoid content (5.32 mg/g DW) were noted after 48 h of exposure to 50 μM of SA. HPLC analyses revealed that 50 μM SA, significantly enhanced biosynthesis of SDG (7.95 mg/g DW), LDG (7.52 mg/g DW), DCG (54.90 mg/g DW), and GGCG (16.78 mg/g DW), which was almost 2.7, 1.8, 3.88, and 3.98 fold higher than their respective controls after 72 h of exposure time, respectively. These results indicated that moderate concentrations of SA had significant effects on biosynthesis and productivity of lignans and neolignans in cell culture of L. usitatissimum.
In‐plane–out‐of‐plane non‐linear model of masonry infills in the seismic analysis of r.c.‐framed buildings
Authors: Mazza Fabio 
Published: December 2018

SummaryThe out‐of‐plane (OOP) behaviour of masonry infills (MIs), inserted in reinforced concrete (r.c.)–framed buildings, is recognized as one of the most important failure modes of this nonstructural element during an earthquake, which may be a consequence of simultaneous or prior in‐plane (IP) damage. A five‐element macro‐model, with four diagonal OOP non‐linear beams and one horizontal IP non‐linear truss, with an equivalent mass of the infill panel divided between two central nodes, takes into account the IP and OOP failure modes occurring in the event of seismic loading. Pivot hysteretic models predict the non‐linear IP and OOP force‐displacement laws of the infill panel, based on geometrical rules defining loading and unloading branches. Firstly, a calibration of the proposed IP‐OOP interaction model of MIs is carried out considering full‐scale experimental results of traditional masonry typologies. Each specimen is initially subjected to in‐plane quasi‐static cyclic loading, until a maximum drift is reached, and then one‐sided OOP cycles are imposed pushing in the horizontal direction and back to zero force. Then a numerical investigation considers masonry infills of an existing six‐storey r.c.‐framed building designed in compliance with a former Italian seismic code. To evaluate the interaction, the results of simultaneous IP and OOP cyclic tests on MIs at the top, intermediate, and lowest levels of the test structure are presented, assuming different displacement histories: (1) OOP loading faster than IP, at the sixth storey; (2) equal IP and OOP loading, at the third storey; (3) IP loading faster than OOP, at the first storey. Finally, attention is focused on the contribution of masonry infills to the IP and OOP energy dissipation of r.c.‐framed structures.
Multidelay multiparametric arterial spin labeling perfusion MRI and mild cognitive impairment in early stage Parkinson's disease
Authors: Suo Xueling , Lei Du , Cheng Lan , Li Nannan , Zuo Panli , Wang Danny J. J. , Huang Xiaoqi , Lui Su , Kemp Graham J. , Peng Rong , Gong Qiyong 
Published: December 2018

AbstractMild cognitive impairment (MCI), a well‐defined nonmotor manifestation of Parkinson's disease (PD), greatly impairs functioning and quality of life. However, the contribution of cerebral perfusion, quantified by arterial spin labeling (ASL), to MCI in PD remains poorly understood. The selection of an optimal delay time is difficult for single‐delay ASL, a problem which is avoided by multidelay ASL. This study uses a multidelay multiparametric ASL to investigate cerebral perfusion including cerebral blood flow (CBF) and arterial transit time (ATT) in early stage PD patients exhibiting MCI using a voxel‐based brain analysis. Magnetic resonance imaging data were acquired on a 3.0 T system at rest in 39 early stage PD patients either with MCI (PD‐MCI, N = 22) or with normal cognition (PD‐N, N = 17), and 36 age‐ and gender‐matched healthy controls (HCs). CBF and ATT were compared among the three groups with SPM using analysis of variance followed by post hoc analyses to define regional differences and examine their relationship to clinical data. PD‐MCI showed prolonged ATT in right thalamus compared to both PD‐N and HC, and in right supramarginal gyrus compared to HC. PD‐N showed shorter ATT in left superior frontal cortex compared to HC. Prolonged ATT in right thalamus was negatively correlated with the category fluency test (p = .027, r = −0.495) in the PD‐MCI group. This study shows that ATT may be a more sensitive marker than CBF for the MCI, and highlights the potential role of thalamus and inferior parietal region for MCI in early stage PD.
Reply to Chen et al.: Parametric methods for cluster inference perform worse for two‐sided t‐tests
Authors: Eklund Anders , Knutsson Hans , Nichols Thomas E. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractOne‐sided t‐tests are commonly used in the neuroimaging field, but two‐sided tests should be the default unless a researcher has a strong reason for using a one‐sided test. Here we extend our previous work on cluster false positive rates, which used one‐sided tests, to two‐sided tests. Briefly, we found that parametric methods perform worse for two‐sided t‐tests, and that nonparametric methods perform equally well for one‐sided and two‐sided tests.