bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Eliminating the effects of motion during radiofrequency lesion delivery using a novel contact‐force controller
Authors: Gelman Daniel , Skanes Allan C. , Jones Douglas L. , Timofeyev Michael , Bar‐on Tal , Drangova Maria 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIntroductionCatheter‐tissue contact force is a determinant of radiofrequency (RF) ablation lesion effectiveness. However, ablation on a beating heart is subject to force variability, making it difficult to optimally deliver consistently durable and transmural lesions. This work evaluates improvements in contact force stability and lesion reproducibility by using a catheter contact‐force controller (CFC) during lesion delivery in vitro and in vivo.Methods and ResultsUsing a sheath and force‐sensing catheter, an experienced operator attempted to maintain a constant force of 20 g at targets within the atria and left ventricle of a pig manually and using the CFC; the average force and contact‐force variation (CFV) achieved using each approach were compared. Ablation lesions (20 W, 30 seconds, 17 mL/min irrigation) were created in bovine tissue samples mounted on a platform programmed to reproduce clinically relevant motion. CFC‐assisted lesions were delivered to stationary and moving tissue with forces of 5 to 35
g. Mimicking manual intervention, lesions were also delivered to moving tissue while the CFC was disabled. Resultant lesion volumes were compared using two‐way analysis of variance. When using the CFC, the average force was within 1 g of the set level, with a CFV less than 5 g, during both in vitro and in vivo experiments. Reproducible and statistically identical (P = .82) lesion volumes proportional to the set force were achieved in both stationary and moving tissue when the CFC was used.ConclusionsCFC assistance maintains constant force in vivo and removes effect of motion on lesion volume during RF lesion delivery.
Effects of temperature on sperm motility of burbot Lota lota: spontaneous activation and calcium dependency
Authors: Dadras Hadiseh , Boryshpolets Sergey , Golpour Amin , Policar Tomas , Blecha Miroslav , Dzyuba Borys 
Published: July 2019

AbstractSeveral factors regulating activation of spermatozoon motility in Eurasian burbot, Lota lota, including osmolality, calcium (Ca2+) ions, and temperature were investigated. Spermatozoon motility in Eurasian burbot, Lota lota was assessed at 4 and 30°C in seminal fluid, isotonic media (with and without Ca2+) and hypotonic media (with and without Ca2+). Spermatozoa were spontaneously activated in seminal fluid at 20°C and the maximum motility was recorded at 30°C, which is out of the spawning temperature range, indicating that no risk of activation occurs during routine semen handling in artificial insemination. Initiation of spermatozoon motility in L. lota is mediated by Ca2+ and sensitivity to Ca2+ is dependent on temperature.
Numerical simulation of vitamin C degradation during dehydration process of fresh tomatoes
Authors: Ghasemi Ali , Chayjan Reza A. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIn this study, the kinetics of vitamin C degradation is simulated by the development of a model based on the numerical approach of heat and mass transfer processes and the degradation rate of vitamin C during the dehydration of tomato slices at 45, 60, and 75°C. The results achieved by experimental data were consistent with those obtained by the numerical model (R2 > 0.88 and RMSE < 0.27). So, it is concluded that the rate of vitamin C degradation was increased at the beginning of the dehydration process when the temperature of the inner sample layers was raised and then its value decreased with the reduced moisture content at the stable temperature conditions. During the dehydration process, the highest concentrations of vitamin C were obtained at the surface layer of the tomato slice with the least moisture content and the lowest of its value was obtained at the sample center with the highest moisture content.Practical ApplicationsSome of the essential nutrients are degraded during the dehydration process. Understanding factors effective on nutrient degradation is important to optimize the dehydration conditions to produce healthy food. Since vitamin C is an indicator for determining the health food, modeling of its degradation kinetics is an efficient method for understanding the effective factors of retaining nutritional components during the dehydration operation. In this research, a novel method developed to simulate the vitamin C degradation in different layers of a tomato slice during a thermal process. The result of this method is used to interpret the factors affecting on degradation of food component. After the dehydration process, the concentration of vitamin C at the surface node was approximately 47.9, 22.1, and 9.9% higher than its value at the center node at 45, 60, and 75°C, respectively. The effective moisture diffusivity was the most sensitive parameter in the modeling of vitamin C degradation kinetics.
Clinical and patient‐centered outcomes post non‐surgical periodontal therapy with the use of a non‐injectable anesthetic product: A randomized clinical study
Authors: Marconcini Simone , Goulding Marilyn , Oldoini Giacomo , Attanasio Chiara , Giammarinaro Enrica , Genovesi Annamaria 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to determine the impact of different full‐mouth decontamination (FMD) protocols on the effectiveness of an intrapocket anesthetic gel in periodontal maintenance patients.MethodsPatients undergoing the periodontal maintenance program and with the need for FMD participated in this study. Patients were randomly allocated to non‐surgical periodontal therapy (NSPT) with either a preparatory 15‐day decontamination phase, including chlorhexidine mouth rinse and domiciliary hygiene instructions (modified FMD: test group), or without it (FMD: control group). In both groups, NSPT was performed with the aid of a non‐injectable anesthetic gel. Clinical and patient‐related outcomes were recorded during a 6‐month follow‐up period.ResultsSixty patients completed the 6‐month study. Both groups experienced relevant clinical improvements after NSPT, but the test group showed a significant change in periodontal parameters already after the initial 15‐day preparatory period, and overall significantly better results in periodontal outcomes when compared with the control group at the last 6‐month follow up: the gingival index was 2.07 ± 1.25 in the control group and 1.13 ± 0.51 in the test group. Less pain and dental‐related anxiety were perceived by patients in the test group showing a 6‐month mean visual analog scale of 2.13 ± 1.25 in the control group and 1.13 ± 0.83 in the test group.ConclusionThe present study suggested that the modification of the standard FMD could improve the clinical efficacy of non‐injectable anesthetic, along with patients’ short‐ and mid‐term appreciation and compliance.
Estimating the Financial Impact of Reducing Primary Cesareans
Authors: DeJoy Susan A. , Bohl Matthew G. , Mahoney Kathleen , Blake Constance 
Published: July 2019

IntroductionPreventing a primary cesarean birth in nulliparous women with term, singleton, vertex pregnancies (NTSV) is recognized as an important strategy to reduce maternal morbidities and risks to the newborn. Multiple professional organizations are supporting approaches to safely reduce NTSV cesarean rates, including the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists; the Society for Maternal‐Fetal Medicine; and the Association of Women's Health, Obstetric and Neonatal Nurses. The American College of Nurse‐Midwives (ACNM) is leading one such effort as part of its Healthy Birth Initiative: the Reducing Primary Cesareans (RPC) Learning Collaborative. The objective of this study is to estimate the cost savings of a decrease in NTSV cesareans at one hospital participating in the RPC Learning Collaborative.MethodsAll women giving birth at Baystate Medical Center from October 1, 2016, to March 31, 2017, and their newborns were identified by Medicare Severity Diagnosis Related Group (N = 1747). Total hospital costs were calculated using a resource consumption profile for each of 6 groups: women who had vaginal birth, primary cesarean, and repeat cesarean and their linked newborns. A model was developed to estimate cost differences for the first and second births and overall cost savings.ResultsFor the NTSV birth, total costs for primary cesarean and newborn care were $5989 higher compared with vaginal birth and newborn care. For the subsequent birth, repeat cesareans and newborn care were $4250 higher compared with vaginal birth. In 2016, 69 primary cesareans were prevented, for an actual cost savings of $413,241. Projecting the prevention of 66 subsequent repeat cesareans would result in additional savings of $280,500, for a total savings of $693,741. Apgar score at 5 minutes and length of stay remained unchanged.DiscussionParticipation in ACNM's RPC Learning Collaborative led to significant savings in hospital costs during the first year without affecting quality metrics. This cost comparison model could be replicated by other hospitals involved in cesarean reduction endeavors.
The origins and early history of neurochemistry and its societies
Authors: Boullerne Anne I. , Foley Paul , Turner Anthony J. , Johnston Graham A.R. , Beart Philip M. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAt the 2017 joint meeting of the International Society for Neurochemistry (ISN) and the European Society for Neurochemistry, 150 years of neurochemistry – the 50th anniversary of ISN, 40 years of European Society for Neurochemistry, and 60 years of theJournal of Neurochemistry(JNC) – was celebrated with a historical symposium that explored the foundations of neurochemical societies, key international figures in the discipline of neurochemistry, and the pre‐eminent role of the JNC. The foundations of neurochemistry were laid in Europe, notably France and Germany, in the late 18th and early 19th centuries. Neurochemists in the United Kingdom made globally relevant contributions before and after the Second World War, and Swedish contributions were especially prominent in the 1950s and 1960s. As neurochemistry is a truly international branch of neuroscience, the important contributions of neurochemists in the Americas and the Asia‐Pacific were also recognized, as were the seminal roles of the American, Asia‐Pacific, and Japanese Societies of Neurochemistry. Although ISN was only formed in 1967, earlier international meetings in Europe and the Americas reflected the growing recognition of the importance of chemistry and biochemistry for understanding and responding to the pathophysiology of clinical conditions and diseases of the central and peripheral nervous systems. JNC was first published in 1956, but the ISN only assumed complete ownership of the journal under tempestuous circumstances in 1970. The ISN‐JNC interface and the sterling work of the JNC Editors has meant that the income generated by the journal has allowed the ISN Council to implement diverse programs for supporting neurochemistry internationally, including sustaining regional neurochemical societies, and supporting neurochemists in the developing world and schools of neurochemistry.image
FIRM SIZE AND STOCK RETURNS: A QUANTITATIVE SURVEY
Authors: Astakhov Anton , Havranek Tomas , Novak Jiri 
Published: July 2019

AbstractFirm size is commonly used in numerous empirical asset pricing models as a determinant of expected stock returns. Yet there is little consensus over the magnitude and stability of the size premium. In fact, some researchers even question whether firm size should be used as a pricing factor. We collect 1746 estimates of the slope coefficients capturing the association between firm size and stock returns reported in 102 published studies and conduct the first meta‐analysis on the size premium. We find evidence of a strong bias toward publishing statistically significant negative slope coefficients. After correcting for the bias, we find that the literature implies a difference in annual stock returns on the smallest and the largest New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) market capitalization quintiles of 1.72%. For the time periods covered in the sampled articles, we find that the size premium was larger in earlier years and that the intensity of publication bias has been decreasing over time.
Analysis of TP53 gene in uterine myomas: No mutations but P72R polymorphism is associated with myoma development
Authors: Altinkaya S. Ozlem , Avcioglu Sumeyra N. , Sezer Selda D. , Ceylaner Serdar 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAimThe aim of the present study was to investigate the familial and somatic mutations as well as polymorphisms of TP53 gene in patients with uterine leiomyoma.MethodsThe study included 35 women with histologically diagnosed as uterine leiomyomas at the Gynecology Department of Adnan Menderes University Faculty of Medicine. Tissue and blood samples were analyzed for mutations and polymorphisms of TP53 gene by next generation sequencing (Miseq—Illumina). Acquired data was compared with the normal data in Ensembl database. Data from 1000 genome project and data from exome sequencing analyses in Intergen Genetic Diagnosis Center (Ankara) were used as controls for polymorphism analyses.ResultsThere were no mutations in tissue and blood samples. However, when the polymorphisms were evaluated, a significant difference was found in NM_000546.5(TP53):c.215C > G (p.Pro72Arg) polymorphism between the study and control groups. The results indicated that P72R/P72R genotype increased the risk of leiomyoma development by 6.3 fold (95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.880–13.793). There was a negative correlation between P72R/WT genotype and leiomyoma development (OR = 0.261, 95% CI: 0.114–0.596). P72R/P72R genotype was statistically higher in the patients with leiomyoma compared with the controls and 1000 genomes from Asian, European and World populations.ConclusionThe results of the present study suggested that P72R/P72R genotype may be associated with development of uterine leiomyoma in the Turkish population in the Western part of the country.
Peak aerobic capacity from incremental shuttle walk test in chronic kidney disease
Authors: Xenophontos Soteris , Wilkinson Thomas J. , Gould Douglas W. , Watson Emma L. , Viana João L. , Smith Alice C. 
Published: July 2019

SUMMARYBackgroundAssessment of cardiorespiratory fitness is an important outcome in chronic kidney disease (CKD). We aimed to develop a predictive equation to estimate peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak) and power output (WPeak), as measured during a cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET), from the distance walked (DW) during the incremental shuttle walk test (ISWT).MethodsThirty‐six non‐dialysing patients with CKD [17 male, age: 61 ± 12 years, eGFR: 25±7 ml/min/1.73 m2, body mass index (BMI): 31 ± 6 kg/m2] carried out laboratory‐based CPET on a cycle ergometer and ISWT on two separate occasions.ResultsLinear regression revealed that DW/BMI was a significant predictor of VO2Peak (r = 0.78) (VO2Peak (ml/min/kg) = [0.5688 × (DW/BMI) (m)] + 11.50). No difference (p = 0.66) between CPET VO2Peak (19.9 ± 5.5 ml/min/kg) and predicted VO2Peak (19.9 ± 4.3 ml/min/kg) was observed. DW multiplied by body mass (BM) was a significant predictor of WPeak (r = 0.80) [WPeak (W) = (0.0018 × (DW × BM)) + 50.47]. No difference (p = 0.97) between CPET WPeak (116.2 ± 38.9 W) and estimated WPeak (113.9 ± 30.1 W) was seen.ConclusionThe present study demonstrates that VO2Peak and WPeak can be accurately estimated using the DW during an ISWT in CKD populations.
Intersectionality and Health Behaviors Among US High School Students: Examining Race/Ethnicity, Sexual Identity, and Sex
Authors: Gattamorta Karina A. , Salerno John P. , Castro Amanda J. 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDLittle research exists examining the impact of multiple minority identities, particularly sexual orientation, race/ethnicity, and sex on health‐risk behaviors like mental health, substance use, violence, and sexual risk among high school students in the United States. In this study, we use a nationally representative dataset to examine differences between non‐Hispanic white heterosexuals (HSs) and non‐Hispanic white sexual minority, black HS, black sexual minority, Hispanic HS, and Hispanic sexual minority students.METHODSData from the 2015 wave of the Youth Risk Behavioral Surveillance System were used in this study. Chi‐square and hierarchical logistic regression models examined differences between the groups on outcomes including: (1) mental health and suicide, (2) alcohol, tobacco, and illicit substances, (3) sexual risk and protective factors, and (4) school and physical and/or sexual violence.RESULTSWhereas sexual minority youth (SMY) generally demonstrate poorer health outcomes compared to HSs, SMY who are also racial/ethnic minorities often have even poorer health outcomes, particularly relating to substance use, sexual risk behaviors, physical/sexual violence, and suicide.CONCLUSIONSThe need for culturally tailored education and school‐based interventions that consider intersections between race/ethnicity, sexual identity, and biological sex are warranted to address health disparities related to mental health and suicide, substance use, sexual risk, and violence.
Hands‐Only Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Training in Schools: Impact of Legislation on the Future of School Nurses
Authors: Nordheim Shawn  
Published: July 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDBystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) initiated before medical help arrives saves lives. Hands‐Only CPR keeps the blood flowing to the brain and other organs, increasing a person's chance of survival.METHODSA literature review identified Hands‐Only CPR as the preferred method of CPR performed in the community setting. Many states have passed legislation making CPR education a high school graduation requirement.RESULTSSchool nurses can play a pivotal role as school districts address these new CPR requirements. The school nurse involvement in these newly mandated CPR training requirements can support student success and improve the health of communities.CONCLUSIONSSchool nurses need to use these newly mandated CPR training requirements as an opportunity to showcase the profession of nursing to ensure the school nurse remains present in our schools.
Community‐acquired invasive Staphylococcus aureus: Uncovering disparities and the burden of disease in Auckland children
Authors: Vogel Alison M , Borland Annie , van der Werf Bert , Morales Adrienne , Freeman Joshua , Taylor Susan , Anderson Phillipa , Horsfall Maraekura , Drinkovic Dragana , Lennon Diana R 
Published: July 2019

Aim
Staphylococcus aureus (SA) causes serious invasive disease in children. Large studies have measured the incidence of SA bacteraemia, but there is less information on the total burden of community‐acquired invasive SA (iSA) in children.MethodsA retrospective, cross‐sectional analysis of Auckland resident children aged 0–14 years who were hospitalised with iSA between 2011 and 2015 was performed. Laboratory databases and SA‐related international classification of diseases 10 discharge codes were searched to identify community‐onset cases with SA isolated from a normally sterile site. Clinical records and coroner's reports were reviewed to determine clinical syndromes and exclude nosocomial infections.ResultsA total of 295 children with iSA were identified. The average annual incidence of iSA was 18.6 per 100 000 – for Pacific populations 44.3 per 100 000, Māori 24.3 per 100 000 and New Zealand European and other 8.8 per 100 000; 68% had bacteraemia. The incidence of iSA for Pacific infants was 10 times greater than non‐Māori/non‐Pacific (113.4/100 000 population vs. 11.8/100 000). Multivariate analysis found a higher risk of admission in Pacific children, males and those living in areas of high deprivation. Thirty‐two patients (10.8%) were admitted to the intensive care unit; risk was higher in infants, Pacific children and those with respiratory infection (Relative Risk (RR) 12.2, 95% confidence interval (CI) 5.7–26.4) and multifocal (RR 6.9, 95% CI 3.4–13.8) and endovascular disease (RR 8.9, 95% CI 3.9–20.6). All deaths (n = 7) had respiratory infections, and four were patients <1 year of age.ConclusionsStudies investigating SA bacteraemia alone significantly underestimate the total burden of iSA disease. There are marked ethnic and socio‐economic disparities in iSA disease among Auckland children. Pacific infants are at the highest risk.
Depression and intimate partner violence among urban Kenyan caregivers of children with disabilities
Authors: Mugoya George C. T. , Mumba Mercy N. , Hooper Lisa M. , Witte Tricia , Youngblood Madelyn 
Published: July 2019

Accessible summaryWhat is known on the subject?

Caregivers of children with disabilities are at increased risk of experiencing interpersonal violence and its consequences; however, there is limited research targeting this population.

This problem is understudied in Sub‐Saharan Africa.

What this paper adds to existing knowledge?

Study examines intimate partner violence and depression among men and women caregivers of children with disabilities.

Study findings showed that while a higher proportion of women caregivers of children with disabilities than men reported experiencing intimate partner violence and were at increased risk depression, the differences were not statistically significant.

Participants reporting any form of violence (i.e. psychological aggression or physical assault) were at increased risk for depression, with those experiencing a combination of physical assault and psychological aggression having the highest risk for depression.

What are the implications for practice?

Professionals working families of individuals with disabilities should be cognizant of the added stress and comorbid factors associated with caring for a child with a disability.

Future research should examine whether there is a causal relationship between intimate partner violence and depression among caregivers of children with disabilities and compare this relationship with the general population.

AbstractIntroductionMental health correlates of intimate partner violence (IPV) victimization are well documented. However, caregivers of children with disabilities (CCWDs) are underrepresented in empirical investigations and may have an increased risk of experiencing IPV and its consequences. This is particularly important in Sub‐Saharan Africa where this problem is understudied.MethodThe present study estimated the prevalence of IPV victimization and examined the association between IPV and depression in a sample of CCWDs living in Nairobi, Kenya.ResultsNearly half (49.8%) of the participants experienced some form of IPV and more than half (51.8%) were at risk of depression. Participants reporting psychological and physical violence were 1.76 and 4.81 times more likely to be at risk for depression, respectively. Those experiencing a combination of physical and psychological violence were 4.85 times more likely to be at risk for depression.DiscussionBoth men and women CCWDs are at an increased risk for IPV and depression. Social–cultural factors are also important in the prediction of depression risk and should be taken into account when working with CCWDs.ImplicationsMental health professionals should be cognizant of the added stress of being a CCWD, and the link between CCWDs and comorbid mental health outcomes.