bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Les valeurs de la nature dans les iles subantarctiques
Authors: Atlan Anne , Tilbeurgh Véronique Van 
Published: August 2019

Cet article explore les valeurs attribuées à la nature et la façon dont elles s’articulent dans un territoire particulier, les îles subantarctiques françaises. Dans la mesure où ces îles n’ont pas de populations permanentes et ne sont pas exploitées pour leurs ressources biologiques ou minières, les valeurs directement utilitaristes y sont peu présentes, et les autres types de valeurs sont exprimés plus largement que dans des situations plus classiques. En effectuant des enquêtes sociologiques auprès des résidents de Kerguelen et à bord du Marion Dufresne, nous avons pu dresser une typologie des valeurs exprimées et de leur mode d'affectation par les individus. La plupart des valeurs identifiées sont plurielles, telles les valeurs d'authenticité, les valeurs affectives, spirituelles, ou celles liées aux activités scientifiques, et sont exprimées de manière différentiée. Nous avons distingué les « valeurs-principe » des « valeurs-objet », c’est-à-dire des différents attributs de la nature qui se trouvent dotés de valeur. Nous avons ensuite décrit les modes d'adhésion à ces valeurs, qui peuvent être partagées ou clivantes, et les avons mis en parallèle avec leur légitimité à justifier les principes d'action. Nous n'avons pas observé de variations significatives en fonction des catégorisations sociales telles que l'âge, le sexe ou le statut professionnel, mais nous avons identifié des « bouquets de valeurs » exprimées plus souvent de manière conjointe, qui permettent de dégager quatre grands types de rapport à la nature dans les îles subantarctiques.
Planifier avec le territoire : la dynamique des lieux de projets à l’épreuve des approches participatives et paysagères
Authors: Dugua Benoît , Chakroun Leila 
Published: August 2019

À la fin des années 1990, la montée en puissance des enjeux de durabilité et les dynamiques de métropolisation engendrent un renouvellement des méthodes de planification territoriale. Elles résultent notamment de la remise en question de l’opposition classique centre/périphérie et de la transformation conséquente du rapport entre la ville et son territoire et entre les espaces bâtis et ouverts. Dans ce contexte, les démarches participatives et paysagères ont gagné en légitimité, provoquant une profonde évolution de la dynamique des lieux de projets et du rapport entre acteurs politico-administratifs, experts et habitants. Des travaux récents mettent en évidence l’importance des « lieux transactionnels » : espaces intermédiaires d’interactions et de coopération en mesure de favoriser une mise en synergie entre acteurs, échelles territoriales et temporalités au sein des systèmes urbains. Dans cet article, nous proposons d’enrichir ce concept au moyen de deux thématiques majeures : la qualité de vie en ville et l’agriculture urbaine. Ces thématiques sont illustrées à partir de deux cas d’étude localisés aux franges de l’agglomération lausannoise en Suisse : le Contrat de quartier des Boveresses et le design participatif de la Ferme agroécologique de Rovéréaz. En quoi les approches participatives et paysagères à l’oeuvre bouleversent-elles la dynamique des lieux de projets au sein de l’agglomération ? De quelle manière la dynamique propre aux deux cas d’étude entre-t-elle en résonance ou en synergie avec les différentes échelles d’approche du territoire ?
Écologie et régulation des relations homme-faune : repenser la conservation de la biodiversité par les Communs
Authors: Gaidet Nicolas , Aubert Sigrid 
Published: August 2019

La manière dont l’Homme pense et représente ses relations avec l’animal sauvage a été profondément marquée d’une part par la manière dont les écologues ont décrit, organisé et expliqué le monde vivant, et d’autre part, par la manière dont les juristes ont élaboré et interprété les règles de droit. Les modes de classification, de quantification et de fonctionnalisation du vivant établi par la science écologique ont contribué à la formulation du droit autour de catégories assorties d’une finalité anthropocentrée de la régulation des relations entre humains et non-humains. Cette régulation a principalement consisté à atténuer les impacts du développement économique et à conserver une biodiversité minimum. Dans cette histoire, la place et le rôle des animaux sauvages comme acteurs des systèmes naturels ont été oubliés. Nous proposons ici de questionner la structure du droit en la confrontant aux pistes ouvertes par le renouveau des sciences écologiques, des débats et des dispositifs de politiques publiques pour dépasser la vision réductrice et anthropocentrée de l’enjeu de l’érosion de la biodiversité. L’approche par les Communs contribue aujourd’hui à remettre en question les modèles dominants de régulation des sociétés humaines en privilégiant le « faire commun ». Nous analysons les perspectives qu’offre cette approche pour restituer les notions d’interdépendance, de responsabilité, et de solidarité entre humains et non-humains dans l’usage des ressources.
Quelle multifonctionnalité des transhumances urbaines de brebis ?
Authors: Nicourt Christian , Cabaret  Jacques 
Published: August 2019

Les transhumances d’animaux ovins et/ou bovins ont permis à leurs éleveurs de les nourrir à moindres frais : ce sont des pâtures naturelles collectives dont sont propriétaires les collectivités territoriales. Regroupées en Syndicats de vallée, elles offrent aux éleveurs de leur juridiction le privilège de les utiliser gracieusement. En France, les transhumances de brebis concernaient majoritairement la plaine de la Crau et le Pays Basque. Ces transhumances qui perdurent ont, depuis le début des années 2010, vu naître d’autres formes de transhumances, mêlant projets sociaux et projets médiatiques. Des transhumances plus urbaines et de plus en plus festives. Comment s’est opérée cette mutation ? Quels en ont été les porteurs ? Comment les transhumances sont-elles devenues multifonctionnelles ?
Low Back Pain Treatment by Athletic Trainers and Athletic Therapists: Biomedical or Biopsychosocial Orientation?
Authors: MacDougall Hana L. , George Steven Z. , Dover Geoffrey C. 
Published: August 2019

ContextLow back pain (LBP) remains a societal burden due to consistently high rates of recurrence and chronicity. Recent evidence suggested that a provider's treatment orientation influences patient beliefs, the clinical approach, and subsequently, rehabilitation outcomes.ObjectiveTo characterize American athletic trainer (AT) and Canadian athletic therapist (C-AT) treatment orientations toward LBP.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingOnline survey.Patients or Other ParticipantsA total of 273 ATs (response rate = 13.3%) and 382 C-ATs (response rate = 15.3%).Main Outcome Measure(s)Participants completed demographic questions and the Pain Attitudes and Beliefs Scale (PABS) for ATs/C-ATs. The PABS measures the biomedical and biopsychosocial treatment orientation of health care providers and is scored on a 6-point Likert scale. Descriptive statistics characterized the participants; t tests and 1-way analyses of variance identified differences between group means; and Spearman correlations assessed relationships between the biomedical and biopsychosocial scores and age, number of LBP patients per year, and years of experience.ResultsAthletic trainers treating 9 to 15 LBP patients per year had higher biomedical scores (35.0 ± 5.7) than ATs treating 16 to 34 (31.9 ± 5.5, P = .039) or &gt;34 (31.7 ± 8.6, P = .018) LBP patients per year. The C-ATs treating 16 to 34 (31.8 ± 6.3, P = .038) and &gt;34 (31.0 ± 6.7, P &lt; .001) LBP patients per year had lower biomedical scores than those treating ≤8 LBP patients per year (34.8 ± 5.9). The C-ATs with ≤5 years of experience had higher biomedical scores than those with 10 to 15 (31.0 ± 6.7, P = .011) and 16 to 24 (29.8 ± 7.5, P &lt; .001) years of experience. Canadian athletic therapists treating the general public had higher (31.7 ± 4.0) biopsychosocial scores than ATs treating athletes (31.3 ± 3.5, P = .006). The C-ATs ≤35.6 years of age had higher biomedical scores (33.1 ± 5.9) than those &gt;35.6 years of age (30.5 ± 7.0, P &lt; .001).ConclusionsAthletic trainers and C-ATs who treated more LBP patients per year were more likely to score low on a biomedical treatment orientation subscale. Because this orientation has predicted poor outcomes in other health care providers, further research is needed to determine the effects of ATs' and C-ATs' biomedical orientations on rehabilitation outcomes.
Language development of a group of hearing impaired children
Authors: Laubscher Alida M.U. 
Published: August 2019

Spoken samples of language from a group of ten hearing impaired children were analysed with respect to development of occurrence of verb tenses and verb inflections, the development of the kernel sentence and four transformations: conjunction, particle displacement, auxiliary "have" and pronoun. The language samples represented an age range of five—three to nine—seven years. The mean hearing level of the ten subjects, in the better ear was 76dB I.S.O. From the results obtained, general conclusions seem to emerge. Firstly, the earliest acquired verb tense is the present, followed by, or appearing concurrently with, the present progressive. Secondly, the kernel sentence is correctly used at an early age by some children. As age increases, so does the percentage of children using the kernel sentence. From approximately seven years of age, more transformations are used. The transformations conjunction and particle displacement indicated a clear developmental trend towards greater complexity. The conjunction and pronoun transformations were used by a greater percentage of children. The transformation auxiliary "have" appeared much later and less frequently. These developmental trends show strong similarities to the trends observed in normal hearing children by other investigators. There is, however, a time lag in that the hearing impaired children develop these features at a later age and over a longer period of time.
Road traffic injuries in China from 2007 to 2016: the epidemiological characteristics, trends and influencing factors
Authors: Wang Xue , Yu Huiting , Nie Chan , Zhou Yanna , Wang Haiyan , Shi Xiuquan 
Published: August 2019

Background
Road traffic accidents are one of the serious disasters that cause public injury, fatality and great economic loss. They are a growing public health problem around the world.

Objectives
The aim of this study was to determine epidemiological characteristics, tendency and possible influencing factors of road traffic injuries (RTIs) in China, so as to give target suggestions on preventative measures.

Methods
Road traffic accident data were obtained from National Bureau of Statistics of China and Ministry of Transport of the People’s Republic of China. Descriptive statistic such as RTIs frequency, trends of different accident types from 2007 to 2016; the RTIs difference between different regions and road surfaces were compared; and the possible influencing factors of RTIs were also explored.

Results
Over the past decade, with the mileage of constructed highway increased, the frequency of road traffic accidents have declined substantially in China, and the death toll from road traffic accidents with motor vehicles has declined from 2007 to 2015, Conversely, the number of deaths from non-motor vehicle accidents has risen rapidly since 2012. Our study showed that the traffic accident related mortality in Guizhou province was different from the level of the whole nation, and the Eastern, Central and Western areas of China were all significantly different (P < 0.001). Linear regression suggested a significant affected of gross domestic product (GDP)-per-capita, education level, the number of health institutions, populations, and car ownership status on traffic accident death tolls (P < 0.001). Moreover, cement concrete pavement roads were associated with the highest occurrence rates of RTI, and RTIs was statistically significant (P < 0.001) on different road surfaces.

Conclusion
Even though the frequency of road traffic accidents has declined, RTIs remain an urgent public health problem in China. Thus, the government should give some target preventative measures to reduce RTIs, aiming at different regions, the increasing trend of the death toll related to non-motor vehicles and the highest occurrence on cement concrete pavement roads.
A Comparative Study on the Diet Quality of Pregnant Women in Urban and Rural Settings in a South-Western District of Bangladesh
Authors: Ahmed Eyad , Jahan Israt , Islam Md. Asadul 
Published: August 2019

Purpose: The current study aimed to assess the diet quality of urban and rural pregnant women in a south-western district (Jashore) in Bangladesh.
Methodology: It was a cross-sectional study which was conducted among pregnant women (Sample size, N= 154). The respondents were selected from urban and rural areas of Jashore district. Data was collected through a pre-tested questionnaire comprising of socio-demographic and economic data, data on different food groups consumption. The data concerning food consumption was used to assess the diet quality of the respondents. For statistical analysis, IBM SPSS Statistics version 21.0 was used in the study.
Results: Among all the respondents, mean Dietary Diversity Score (DDS) was 5.40±0.96. It was also seen that minimum DDS was 3.0 and maximum DDS was 7.0 among all the pregnant women. A significant difference was observed between the mean DDS of urban and rural pregnant women (P < .05). The mean DDS of urban pregnant women was 6.46±0.19 and mean DDS of rural
pregnant women was 4.61±0.56. Moreover, about 62% of urban respondents’ diet quality was of high level, 27% of urban respondents’ diet was of medium-quality and about 11% of urban respondents were found to have low diet quality. On the other hand, only 18% of rural respondents had high diet quality, 57% had a medium-quality diet and about 25% of rural pregnant women were found to have a low diet quality.
Conclusion: It can be concluded from the study that the majority of the urban pregnant women of the study area had a higher quality diet than their rural counterparts.
Screening for Hepatitis B Virus among HIV Infected Women Seeking Antiretroviral Therapy at National Institute for Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Abuja, Nigeria
Authors: Ya’aba Y. , Mohammed S. B. , Olatunji K. T. , Abdulmumin A. R. , Abubakar A. , Usoroh M. , Daniel O. C. , Nfongeh J. F. 
Published: August 2019

Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is endemic and well documented in different locations of Nigeria among different sub-groups. Information regarding the prevalence of HBV in HIV infected women is scarce especially in Abuja, the capital city of Nigeria.
Aim: This study aimed at determining the prevalence of Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) among HIV infected women seeking for antiretroviral therapy (ART) at the National Institute for Pharmaceutical Research and Development (NIPRD), Abuja, Nigeria.
Materials and Methods: A health facility-based cross-sectional study was carried out in our laboratory from May, 2017 to March, 2019 among 1,386 recruited HIV infected women that were screened for HBsAg. Positive samples were confirmed using ELISA. Their socio-demographic data were collected using a questionnaire and written informed consent was obtained prior to study. Data were analyzed using frequency distribution table and SPSS (version 20.0).
Results: Out of the 1,386 HIV infected women tested, 114 were seropositive for HBV infection giving an infection prevalence of 8.2%. The highest prevalence (2.2%) was observed at age group 25 – 29 years and followed by (1.7%) at age groups of 20 – 24 and 35 – 39 years.
Conclusion: This finding confirms high endemic of HBV infection. We recommend that HIV infected women should be routinely screened for HBV as part of ART commencement requirement.
Fluoride Distribution in Aquatic Environment in Vicinity of Aluminum Industry and Its Correlation with Rainwater Chemistry and Weather Parameter: A Case Study of Renukoot, District Sonbhadra, Uttar Pradesh, India
Authors: Singh Shishu Pal , Singh Shivraj , Kumar Rajesh 
Published: August 2019

Fluorine is a highly reactive element and readily hydrolyzes to form hydrogen fluoride and oxygen. Hydrogen fluoride reacts with many materials both in the vapor phase and in aerosols. Fluorides are naturally-occurring components of rocks and soil and are also found in air, water, plants, and animals. Fluorine gas pollutes the atmospheric environment originating from aluminium smelting plant operating at Renukoot, district Shonbhadra. Volcanic emissions also emit hydrogen fluoride. A detailed investigation undertaken during 2008-2012 to objective fluoride Distribution in Aquatic Environment in Vicinity of Aluminum Industry and its Correlation with Rainwater Chemistry and Weather Parameter. For this investigation Collect 57 rainwater samples in rainy season in pre-cleaned and sterilized polyethylene bottles of two litre capacities from roof of the local society of Hindustan Aluminum Company Renukoot, district Sonbhadra. The collected samples were analyzed for pH, Electrical Conductivity, Sodium, Potassium, Calcium, Carbonates, Bicarbonates, Chlorine, Sulphate, Fluoride, Residual Sodium Carbonates, and Sodium Adsorption Ratio with standard procedures.
Standardization and Evaluation of Cauliflower Stalks Incorporated Phulkas
Authors: Rafiuddin Md. , Swathi Y. , Prakash M. Sai , Suneetha W. Jessie , Kumari B. Anila 
Published: August 2019

Lot of attention is focused on the development of value-added foods that promote wellbeing and improve health due to increased awareness among consumers, rapid urbanization and globalization. Many by-products may be useful as source of nutrients and potential functional ingredients to obtain added value products for combating hidden hunger.
Cauliflower (Brassica oleracea) has highest waste index with maximum ratio of non-edible to edible portion after harvesting. Unfortunately, cauliflower waste in developing countries like India does not find any significant use despite containing appreciable amounts of proteins, minerals, vitamins, dietary fibre and natural antioxidants like carotenoids, phenolic compounds, glycosylates and flavonoids. Thus, it can be a novel ingredient for production of value-added foods.
The cauliflower stalks powder was incorporated to phulkas at 5, 10 and 15% respectively and evaluated by semi trained panellists using 5-point hedonic scale for colour, flavour, texture, taste and overall acceptability. The phulkas with 10% incorporation was most accepted one. The most accepted phulkas was screened for phytochemical constituents and analysed for physical parameters. The results showed that the cauliflower stalks incorporated phulkas contained phytochemicals like carbohydrates, alkaloids, protein, flavonoids, phenols, amino acids, cardiac glycosides, steroids, saponins and tannins. The physical parameters included foaming properties, swelling capacity, gelatinization temperature which were higher for cauliflower stalks incorporated phulkas whereas water uptake analysis, cooking time, retrogradation was lower in comparison to control phulkas.
Comparative Analysis of Phytochemicals Screening, Proximate and Elemental Analysis of Anacardium occidentale L. Nuts and Carica papaya Seeds
Authors: Hayatuddeen Abubakar , Chiroma Timothy Musa , Umar Barambu Nafiu , Bashir Mohammed 
Published: August 2019

Aims: The aim of this study was comparative analysis of phytochemicals screening, proximate and elemental analysis of Anacardium occidentale L nut and Carica papaya seeds extracts.
Study Design: The samples were cleaned, washed with water, dried, and grinded with a laboratory mortar and pestle, packed in an air tight container and stored ready for further analysis.
Place and Duration of Study: The research was conducted at the Chevron Biotechnology Centre, Modibbo Adamawa University of Yola, Nigeria which lasted for about three months.
Methodology: The nuts were manually separated from fruit pulp, cleaned, washed with water, dried, roasted and grinded with a laboratory mortar and pestle, packed in an air tight container and stored ready for further analysis.
Results: The result of Anacardium occidentale L nut phytochemicals screening showed that with Glycosides (-), Tannins (+), flavonoids(+++), Alkaloids(++), Saponins(-) and the proximate composition (%) were as follows: moisture content (9.7 ± 0.2), ash content (3.46±0.3), crude fat (26.79± 0.5), crude protein (14.26 ± 0.01) carbohydrate (by difference) (45.78± 0.01) Calorific (Energy) value 482.00 Kcal. The mineral analysis (mg/100g) revealed that magnesium (3.50 ± 0.01), Manganese (2.00 ± 0.01), Nickel (3.22 ± 0.01) and Cobalt (0.13 ±0.01) while the phytochemical screening for Carica papaya seeds extracts also showed Glycosides (+), Tannins (++), flavonoids(++), Alkaloids(++), Saponins(-) for the moisture content (8.59 ± 0.3), ash content (4.09±0.16), crude fat (15.60± 0.2), crude protein (15.84 ± 0.01) carbohydrate (by difference) (41.63) Calorific (Energy) value 1549.25 Kcal. The mineral analysis (mg/100g) revealed that magnesium (3.02 ± 0.02), Manganese (0.22 ± 0.01), Nickel (3.41 ± 0.01) and Cobalt (0.18 ± 0.01).
Conclusion: The study therefore indicates that the Anacardium occidentale L nut and Carica may not provide all the nutrients required by human in the right proportion though it contains an appreciable quantity of some essential nutrients like Fats, Proteins, Carbohydrate and some minerals.
Construction and Determination of Irreducible Polynomials in Galois elds, GF(2m)
Authors: Aidoo Abraham , Gyam Kwasi Baah , Yang Fengfan 
Published: August 2019

This work is about Construction of Irreducible Polynomials in Finite fields. We defined some terms in the Galois field that led us to the construction of the polynomials in the GF(2m). We discussed the following in the text; irreducible polynomials, monic polynomial, primitive polynomials, eld, Galois eld or nite elds, and the order of a finite field. We found all the polynomials in $$F_2[x]$$ that is, $$P(x) =\sum_{i=1}^m a_ix^i : a_i \in F_2$$ with $$a_m \neq 0$$ for some degree $m$ whichled us to determine the number of irreducible polynomials generally at any degree in $$F_2[x]$$.