bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A general degree semihybrid triangular compatible finite element formulation for Kirchhoff plates
Authors: Moitinho de Almeida J.P. , Maunder E.A.W. , Tiago Carlos 
Published: May 2019

SummaryWe revisit compatible finite element formulations for Kirchhoff plates and propose a new general degree hybridized approach that strictly imposes C1 continuity. These new elements are triangular and based on nodal polynomial approximation functions that only use displacement and rotation degrees of freedom for assembly, and thereby “nearly” impose C1 continuity. This condition is then strictly enforced by adding appropriately chosen hybrid constraints and the corresponding Lagrange multipliers. Unlike all other existing approaches, this formulation allows for the definition of elements of arbitrary degree considering a single polynomial basis for each element, without using degrees of freedom associated with second‐order derivatives. The convergence is compared with that of alternative approaches in terms of numbers of elements and degrees of freedom.
Mobility and rickets: Investigating Vitamin D deficiency and regional mobility in Aventicum, Roman Switzerland (first to third century CE)
Authors: Peacock Taylor , Bourbou Chryssi , D'Ortenzio Lori , Kahlon Bonnie , Prowse Tracy , Brickley Megan B. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe aims of this study are twofold: first, to consider Vitamin D deficiency during two periods of growth and, second, consider Vitamin D deficiency with respect to evidence for migration and mobility in a skeletal assemblage (n = 169) from Aventicum, Roman Switzerland (first to third century CE). Vitamin D deficiency was evaluated macroscopically, and individuals with evidence of Vitamin D deficiency (n = 3) were assessed histologically for interglobular dentine. Dentine was examined from teeth that span from 6 months to 18 years of age. Enamel from an incisor and third molar of possibly deficient individuals were also explored for evidence of migration using oxygen isotope analysis. The only skeletal evidence for Vitamin D deficiency occurred in three adult individuals (two males and one female, all aged 25–35). All three individuals showed skeletal and histological evidence of early childhood deficiency. Further, two individuals presented histological evidence of deficiency associated with pubertal growth. Isotopic values in the incisors of all three individuals were in keeping with geographic origins in Central and Eastern Europe; however, the two with evidence for pubertal deficiency had higher δ18O values (by 1.3‰) in their third molars, whereas the individual with no evidence of pubertal rickets did not. The overall lack of Vitamin D deficiency at Aventicum is rare when compared with other urban Roman sites. For the three individuals with evidence of deficiency, one suggestion is that they may have moved from elsewhere. The mobility of the two individuals with pubertal rickets suggests that risks for repeat deficiency were affected by their location. As this is the first study to consider osteological and histological evidence for Vitamin D deficiency in conjunction with isotopic evidence of mobility, further studies of mobility and health across the Empire are required.
Scale‐up and Sustainability Evaluation of Biopolymer Production from Citrus Waste Offering Carbon Capture and Utilisation Pathway
Authors: Durkin Alex , Taptygin Ivan , Kong Qingyuan , Gunam Resul Mohamad F. M. , Rehman Abdul , Fernández Ana M. L. , Harvey Adam P. , Shah Nilay , Guo Miao 
Published: May 2019

AbstractInvited for this month's cover picture is the group of Dr Miao Guo from Department of Chemical Engineering at the Imperial College London (UK). The cover picture shows modelling research on the co‐polymerisation of waste‐sourced limonene oxide with CO2 to produce poly(limonene carbonate), which offers a sustainable pathway to achieve carbon capture and utilisation. A computational approach to process design was integrated with sustainability evaluation to model this synthetic pathway and identify the environmental‐damaging and performance‐limiting steps for further improvement. Our research highlights the potential of closed‐loop manufacturing systems with waste recovery, which is instrumental in building a sustainable circular economy. Read the full text of their Full Paper at 10.1002/open.201900015.
Sport activities and exercise as part of routine cancer care in children and adolescents
Authors: Spreafico Filippo , Murelli Michele , Timmons Brian W. , Massimino Maura , Barr Ronald 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe burden of morbidities affecting cardiovascular and musculoskeletal systems, metabolism, and psychosocial health in young patients with cancer is high. It is alarming that patients and survivors of childhood cancer are less physically active than their healthy peers, since exercise may improve many of these conditions significantly and is associated with reduction in all‐cause mortality in the general population. Systematic integration of exercise programing into cancer care remains an exception, above all in children. Pediatric oncologists may contribute to a culture shift towards educating patients and stakeholders on the benefit of exercise and sports for children and adolescents with cancer.
Influence of titanium dioxide nanoparticles on the structural, thermal, electrical properties, and gas sensing behavior of polyaniline/phenothiazine blend nanocomposites
Authors: Bahuleyan B. K. , Induja C. , Ramesan M. T. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractWe report the preparation, characterization, and properties of polyaniline (PANI)/phenothiazine (PTZ) blend with different concentration of titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles. Formation of nanocomposites was monitored by Fourier transform infrared spectra, UV, X‐ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR‐TEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and thermogravimetric analysis studies. Spectroscopic characterization confirmed the bonding structure of PANI/PTZ/TiO2composite through the shift in absorption peaks of nanocomposites compared to pure PANI/PTZ blend. XRD studies confirmed the presence of sharp crystalline peaks of TiO2in the blend system signifying good interaction among the adjoining molecular chain of polymer with the nanoparticles. Surface morphological details of the nanocomposites obtained using SEM and HR‐TEM reveal the formation of hemispherical‐like structures with a diameter of 15 to 30 nm. DSC measurements of these nanocomposites showed that the glass transition temperature was reduced as the concentration of TiO2increased into PANI/PTZ blend matrix. The influence of filler loading on thermal stability showed that the TiO2enhanced the thermal stability and reduced the rate of thermal degradation of polymer blend nanocomposites. Conductivity studies showed that both AC and DC conductivity, dielectric constant, and dielectric loss increase with an increase in the concentration of nano‐filler TiO2up to 10 wt%. Similarly, the ammonia gas sensing behavior of nanocomposites was also improved by the addition of nanoparticles. From the characterization studies, it can be suggested that TiO2helps to achieve excellent thermophysical properties, gas sensing, electrical conductivity, and dielectric characteristics for PANI/PTZ blend which can be used in the fabrication of electrical or nano‐electronic devices.
Proteome Changes Paralleling the Olfactory Conditioning in the Forager Honey Bee and Provision of a Brain Proteomics Dataset
Authors: Sialana Fernando J. , Ribeiroda Silva Menegasso Anally , Smidak Roman , Hussein Ahmed M. , Zavadil Michael , Rattei Thomas , Lubec Gert , Sergio Palma Mario , Lubec Jana 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe olfactory conditioning of the bee proboscis extension reflex (PER) is extensively used as a paradigm in associative learning of invertebrates but with limited molecular investigations. To investigate which protein changes are linked to olfactory conditioning, a non‐sophisticated conditioning model is applied using the PER in the honeybee (Apis mellifera). Foraging honeybees are assigned into three groups based on the reflex behavior and training: conditioned using 2‐octanone (PER‐conditioned), and sucrose and water controls. Thereafter, the brain synaptosomal proteins are isolated and analyzed by quantitative proteomics using stable isotope labeling (TMT). Additionally, the complex proteome dataset of the bee brain is generated with a total number of 5411 protein groups, including key players in neurotransmitter signaling. The most significant categories affected during olfactory conditioning are associated with “SNARE interactions in vesicular transport” (BET1 and VAMP7), ABC transporters, and fatty acid degradation pathways.
A comprehensive study on rearrangement reactions in collision‐induced dissociation mass spectrometric fragmentation of protonated diphenyl and phenyl pyridyl ethers
Authors: Baira Shandilya Mahamuni , Ragampeta Srinivas , Talluri M.V.N. Kumar 
Published: May 2019

RationaleRecently, we have reported a forced degradation study of a pharmaceutical drug regorafenib which contains a phenyl pyridyl ether derivative as building block. We observed interesting rearrangements in two of its degradation products in tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) experiments. As diphenyl ether derivatives are also molecular building blocks of biological importance and used as herbicides and flame retardants, we decided to investigate specifically the fragmentation behavior of these compounds along with phenyl pyridyl derivatives in detail using high‐resolution electrospray ionization (ESI) MS/MS.MethodsTo understand the fragmentation reactions of protonated substituted diphenyl ethers and phenyl pyridyl ethers, ESI‐MS/MS experiments were performed using a quadrupole time‐of‐flight (QTOF) mass spectrometer.ResultsIn contrast to radical cations of diphenyl ether derivatives which do not eliminate CO, the [M + H]+ ions of substituted diphenyl ethers undergo rearrangement reactions after loss of neutral molecules (H2O, HCl, etc.) to form a bicyclic structure containing a keto group and do eliminate CO. Similar rearrangement followed by fragmentation was observed for protonated phenyl pyridyl ethers and the degradation products formed from regorafenib and sorafenib.ConclusionsThe protonated ions of substituted diphenyl ethers and phenyl pyridyl ethers on collision‐induced dissociation have exhibited interesting rearrangement reactions, despite the nature of the substituent on both the aryl moieties. The proposed fragmentation patterns of these compounds give an insight into the understanding of gas‐phase reactions in mass spectrometric studies of diphenyl ether and phenyl pyridyl ether derivatives.
Longitudinal study on the impact of urinary continence and sexual function on health‐related quality of life among Japanese men after robot‐assisted radical prostatectomy
Authors: Ngoo Kay Seong , Honda Masashi , Kimura Yusuke , Yumioka Tetsuya , Iwamoto Hideto , Morizane Shuichi , Hikita Katsuya , Takenaka Atsushi 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this study is to investigate the impact of robotic‐assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) on the health‐related quality of life (HRQOL).MethodsWe prospectively reviewed HRQOL parameters using Short‐Form Health Survey, patient self‐reporting of urinary incontinence and International Index of Erectile Function, among patients who underwent RARP between 2010 and 2016.ResultsAmong 249 men studied, all had significantly worse HRQOL domain scores at 1 month post operatively but 24 months after surgery, all domains reached or surpassed their baseline values. Only Bodily Pain, General Health, Role‐Emotional, Mental Health domains, and Mental Health Composite were significantly improved. Improvement in urinary continence was mirrored by improvements in both Mental and Physical Component Scores.ConclusionsWithin a 2‐year post‐operative period, men who underwent RARP had regained their overall quality of life. The recovery of urinary continence significantly impacted the mental, physical, emotional, and social well‐being of those patients.
Phyto‐Tacrine Hybrids as Promising Drugs to Treat Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Girek Małgorzata , Szymański Paweł 
Published: May 2019

AbstractAlzheimer's disease is an incurable neurodegenerative disease which represents the most common form of dementia. Cognition impairment and memory loss are mostly caused by reduced levels of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. Therefore, current drug therapies are based on the cholinergic hypothesis. However, β‐amyloid hypothesis is getting more important in last years. For many years, one of the basic drugs for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease was tacrine, acetylcholinesterase inhibitor. Unfortunately, it was withdrawn from the market due to its side effects. To diminish side effects, research has focused on obtaining multi‐target‐directed ligands, which target numerous disease pathways simultaneously, including those of Alzheimer's disease. The comprehensive review is focused on the outcomes of the studies of phyto‐tacrine hybrids. Hybrids can inhibit cholinesterase and β‐amyloid aggregation. Additionally, phyto‐hybrids have neuroprotective, anti‐inflammatory, hepatoprotective and metal chelating properties. Further research is necessary for the development of hybrids to find a proper therapy for Alzheimer's disease.
Synthesis of Graphene Oxide/Metal‐Organic Frameworks Composite Materials for Removal of Congo Red from Wastewater
Authors: Wei Fu‐hua , Ren Qin‐hui , Liang Zhao , Chen Ding 
Published: May 2019

AbstractIn‐based metal‐organic frameworks (In–MOFs) and graphene oxide (GO)/ In–MOFs composite materials were obtained by trimesic acid (or 2‐aminoterephthalic acid), GO, and Indium chloride tetrahydrate milled microwave‐assisted ball milling. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) were applied to characterize the structure and thermostability of the synthesized composite materials. In addition, In–MOFs and GO/ In–MOFs were used for removal of organic dyes in water solutions. The adsorption and removal of Congo red (CR) in aqueous solution were studied. The adsorption capacity and behavior of GO/ In–MOFs towards CR were verified By studying the adsorption kinetics. The results showed that 55 mg/L of CR in a 200 mL solution was removed 90.83%, 90.40% and 96.27%, 95.02% by In–MOFs‐1, In–MOFs‐2, GO/In–MOFs‐1 and GO/In–MOFs‐2 within 240 min of treatment with natural light.
Gold‐Ions‐Mediated Diproline Peptide Nanocarpets and Their Inhibition of Bacterial Growth
Authors: Singh Ramesh , Suryavashi Vishal , Vinayak Vandana , Joshi Khashti B. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe structurally rigid dipeptide Pro‐Pro, known to self assembled into well defined dumbbells followed by robust three dimensional copper embedded discs under the appropriate physicochemical conditions. Now the assembly of dipeptide Pro‐Pro in the presence of Ag(I) and Au(III) metal ions was studied followed by its application as potential antibacterial agents. In the presence of Au(III) ions, ordered two dimensional sheets of submicron dimensions were obtained whereas in the presence of Ag(I) ions mostly random aggregates were found. Microscopy and spectroscopic study revealed that the Pro‐Pro‐Au(III) structures, in essence, can be considered as toxic metal ion “reservoirs“ and can provide batter platform to target bacterial membrane. The antibacterial assay demonstrated that owing to high biocompatibility Pro‐Pro dipeptide with bacterial cell, this simplest dipeptide worked as metal ion delivery agent and therefore it can show great potential in locally addressing bacterial infections.
Defective Lithium Storage Boosts High Rate and Long‐Life Span of Carbon Fibers
Authors: Li Zhi , Li Gangyong , Ouyang Jie , He Binhong , Chen Liang , Wang Wei , Zhou Minjie , Xu Wenyuan , Zhang Yuxia , Hou Zhaohui 
Published: May 2019

AbstractCarbonaceous‐based materials have been extensively investigated as anode of lithium ion batteries (LIBs) due to their low‐cost and good stability. However, the charge storage mechanism of graphitic carbon based on insertion/deinsertion of Li+ ions is difficult to meet the needs for high‐performance LIBs because of the low specific capacity and limited rate property, and thus, it is quite necessary to develop novel carbon‐based anode materials beyond traditional energy storage mechanism. Herein, we demonstrate that appropriate thermal treatment endows N‐doped carbon fibers (N‐CFs) with attractive merits in LIB application, and show that N‐CFs with dominated capacitive contribution exhibit superior Li‐storage properties in the aspects of high reversible capacity (864.5 mAh g−1 at 0.1 A g−1), excellent rate capability (212.1 mAh g−1 at a super‐high current density of 20 A g−1), and long‐life span (no capacity decay over 2000 cycles at 5.0 A g−1) in half‐cells. The remarkable Li‐storage performance of N‐CFs can be attributed to the capacitive contribution‐dominated energy storage mechanism.
Catalyst‐free Azo‐arylation of Arenes/Heteroarenes at Room Temperature
Authors: Kumar Rahul , Ravi Chitrakar , Joshi Abhisek , Semwal Rashmi , Adimurthy Subbarayappa 
Published: May 2019

AbstractAzo arylation of heteroarenes with aryldiazoniumtetrafluoroborate under transition metal/base‐free conditions has been described. The reactions proceed through ionic pathway without additives and oxidants. Under these conditions good to excellent yields of desired products were obtained with broad functional group tolerance. Applicability of the process for gram scale synthesis of two products has been demonstrated.
In Situ Probing Multiple‐Scale Structures of Energy Materials for Li‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Zhu He , Huang Yalan , Zhu Hekang , Wang Liguang , Lan Si , Xia Xinhui , Liu Qi 
Published: May 2019

AbstractKnowledge of atomic interactions with high‐energy photons or particles has opened a window to the microscopic structures of materials. In particular, X‐rays and neutrons interact with electrons and nuclei of atoms in different ways, which enables their complementary scattering, spectroscopic, and imaging capabilities for structural characterizations. In the past decades, techniques based on X‐ray and neutron interactions, capable of being time‐resolved and combined, have been well developed for encoding structures in various length, elemental and temporal levels, and, in turn, have ignited breakthroughs in the field of battery science and engineering. Herein are reviewed the advanced in situ X‐ray and neutron techniques for studying lithium‐ion batteries, which offer dynamic observations of chemical, electronic, and geometric changes during realistic battery operations. For each of the techniques, with a brief description of the theory on account of characterizing principles is given (i.e., scattering, excitation, and emission), followed by an introduction of operando methodologies including instruments, setups, and cell designs employed in synchrotron and neutron beamlines. Finally, a few practical examples are presented to demonstrate the applicability of these techniques in studying Li‐ion batteries, with a particular emphasis on each of their structural sensitivities at various time, elemental, and length levels.
Assessing the needs of international markets against an emerging market company's capabilities: A tool for internationalization
Authors: Piedrahita Carlos E. , De Villa Maria A. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractSenior managers in emerging markets often strive to ensure that their companies develop sufficient capabilities to confront the needs they encounter in international markets. However, extant research and practice remain unclear as to how senior managers in emerging market companies can approach assessing the needs of their international markets against their own company's capabilities, to aim for a balance between both. This article offers an innovative approach for assessing the needs of international markets against an emerging market company's capabilities. Based on the assessments of 100 senior managers leading emerging market companies, we explain how this approach can provide two key insights. First, evidence of a balance between the needs of international markets and an emerging market company's capabilities, that indicates the company's competitive position is focused; or evidence of an imbalance between the needs of international markets and an emerging market company's capabilities, that indicates the company's competitive position is either vulnerable or overqualified. Second, an understanding of where the gaps between the needs of international markets and an emerging market company's capabilities are, that enables improving the company's competitive position by closing these gaps. Drawing on this approach, we offer an open access tool that allows senior managers in emerging markets to identify and improve their own company's competitive position for internationalization. Using this tool, senior managers can lead their emerging market companies toward a focused competitive position in international markets, providing better chances of successfully capturing potential benefits.
Modular symmetries and the swampland conjectures
Authors: Gonzalo E. , Ibáñez L. E. , Uranga A. M. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractRecent string theory tests of swampland ideas like the distance or the dS conjectures have been performed at weak coupling. Testing these ideas beyond the weak coupling regime remains challenging. We propose to exploit the modular symmetries of the moduli effective action to check swampland constraints beyond perturbation theory. As an example we study the case of heterotic 4d$$ \mathcal{N}=1 $$N=1compactifications, whose non-perturbative effective action is known to be invariant under modular symmetries acting on the Kähler and complex structure moduli, in particular SL(2,Z) T-dualities (or subgroups thereof) for 4d heterotic or orbifold compactifications. Remarkably, in models with non-perturbative superpotentials, the corresponding duality invariant potentials diverge at points at infinite distance in moduli space. The divergence relates to towers of states becoming light, in agreement with the distance conjecture. We discuss specific examples of this behavior based on gaugino condensation in heterotic orbifolds. We show that these examples are dual to compactifications of type I’ or Horava-Witten theory, in which the SL(2,Z) acts on the complex structure of an underlying 2-torus, and the tower of light states correspond to D0-branes or M-theory KK modes. The non-perturbative examples explored point to potentials not leading to weak coupling at infinite distance, but rather diverging in the asymptotic corners of moduli space, dynamically forbidding the access to points with global symmetries. We perform a study of general modular invariant potentials and find that there are dS maxima and saddle points but no dS minima, and that all examples explored obey the refined dS conjecture.