bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
UPAYA MENINGKATKAN AKTIVITAS DAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA TENTANG LUAS BANGUN DATAR DENGAN MEDIA PUZBATAR
Authors: TINAH  
Published: October 2019

Rumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimana perbedaan peningkatan hasil belajar siswa dengan menggunakan media Puzbatar dalam pembelajaran matematika siswa kelas VC SD Negeri 10 Pangkalpinang tentang luas bangun datar. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui tentang peningkatan hasil belajar siswa kelas VC SD Negeri 10 Pangkalpinang pada pelajaran matematika tentang luas bangun datar. Setelah dilaksanakan pembelajaran dengan menggunakan media Puzbatar diperoleh hasil sebagai berikut : (1) siswa terlihat aktif dalam pembelajaran mulai dari siklus 1 sampai dengan siklus 3, (2) meningkatnya hasil belajar siswa yaitu penguasaan konsep siswa terhadap materi pembelajaran yaitu mulai dari siklus 1 sampai dengan siklus 3 dengan peningkatan 7% dari siklus 1 ke siklus 2 dan ada peningkatan 17% dari siklus 2 ke siklus 3. Peningkatan nilai rata-rata siswa pada siklus 1 mencapai angka 82 dan keaktifan siswa, skor yang diperoleh 93 %. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan media puzbatar dalam pelajaran matematika dapat meningkatkan keaktifitasan dan hasil belajar siswa SD Negeri 10 Pangkalpinang
Keanekaragaman Serangga Penyerbuk di Perkebunan Sayuran Kelurahan Rurukan Kota Tomohon (Diversity of Pollinator Insects in the Vegetable Plantation of Rurukan, Tomohon City)
Authors: Masawet Samuel , Koneri Roni , Dapas Farha 
Published: October 2019

Keanekaragaman Serangga Penyerbuk di Perkebunan Sayuran Kelurahan Rurukan Kota Tomohon (Diversity of Pollinator Insects in the Vegetable Plantation of Rurukan, Tomohon City) Samuel Masawet, Roni Koneri*), Farha N.J.Dapas Jurusan Biologi, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Sam Ratulangi, Manado, Indonesia*E-mail: ronicaniago@unsrat.ac.id Diterima 5 Juli 2019, diterima untuk dipublikasi 10 Agustus 2019 ABSTRAKKehadiran serangga penyerbuk sangat berperan penting dalam proses penyerbukan. Hal ini disebabkan karena serangga tersebut mentransfer tepungsari dari anther ke stigma yang menyebabkan terjadinya pembuahan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis keanekaragaman serangga penyerbuk di perkebunan sayuran di Kelurahan Rurukan Kota Tomohon. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan pada tiga tipe lahan yaitu perkebunan labu siam, wortel, dan pinggir hutan. Pada masing-masing titik pengambilan sampel dibuat tiga plot berukuran 20m x 20m dengan jarak antar plot 20 m. Teknik pengamatan serangga penyerbuk menggunakan metode scan sampling. Hasil penelitian didapatkan 14 famili yang terdiri dari 24 spesies dan 2.185 individu. Ordo yang paling banyak ditemukan adalah Hymenoptera, sedangkan spesies yang memiliki kelimpahan tertinggi yaitu Apis nigrocincta. Keanekaragaman spesies penyerbuk tertinggi ditemukan pada lahan perkebunan wortel. Keanekaragaman spesies penyerbuk dipengaruhi oleh tipe perbunggaan, warna bunga, bau bunga dan kandungan nektar dari bunga. Kata kunci: Keanekaragaman, serangga penyerbuk, lahan pertanian, Desa Rurukan ABSTRACTThe presence of insect pollinators plays an important role in pollination processes. This is because the insects transfer the Tepungsari from anther to the stigma that causes the occurrence of fertilization. This research aims to analyse the diversity of insect pollinators in vegetable plantations in the village of Rurukan in Tomohon. Sampling was carried out on three types of land namely pumpkin plantations, carrots, and forest edges. At each sampling point was made three plots measuring 20 m x 20 m with a distance between plot was 20 m. Insect pollinators observation technique using sampling scan method. The results of the study gained 14 families consisting of 24 species and 2,185 individuals. The most widely discovered order was Hymenoptera, while the species which has the highest abundance was Apis nigrocincta. The highest diversity of the pollinator species was found on carrot plantation land. The diversity of pollinator species is influenced by the type of flowering, color of flowers, smell of flowers and the nectar content of flowers. Keywords: Diversity, pollinators Insects, agricultural land, Rurukan village.
СИСТЕМЫ ЭНЕРГООБЕСПЕЧЕНИЯ С АЛЬТЕРНАТИВНЫМИ ИСТОЧНИКАМИ ЭНЕРГИИ: БЕЗОПАСНОСТЬ ФУНКЦИОНИРОВАНИЯ АКУСТИЧЕСКИХ ИСТОЧНИКОВ
Authors: Sokol G , Nakashidze L , Kirichenko S 
Published: October 2019

Одним из последствий позитивного процесса науки и техники являются сопутствующие явления, в том числе и негативные. При разработке установок, преобразующих энергию альтернативных источников, еще на этапе проектирования необходимо предусматривать снижение уровней интенсивности шумов. Эти мероприятия необходимы для обеспечения защиты окружающей среды от шумового загрязнения. Для разработки мероприятий, направленных на снижение звукового давления (УЗД) в шумах до уровня, предусмотренного нормативными документами [1], необходимо провести анализ шумов от оборудования, которое обеспечивает преобразование энергии альтернативных источников.
Для безопасного функционирования таких установок необходимо:
– определиться с источниками акустического излучения;
– разработать теоретические основы процесса генерирования шума;
– осуществить разработку расчетных моделей характеристик акустических полей.
В таком ракурсе, не вызывает сомнений актуальность проблемы снижения шумов от конструктивных элементов систем энергообеспечения, в которых преобразуется энергия солнечного излучения, энергия ветрового потенциала, тепло окружающей среды и т.п. При этом необходимо исключить вредное влияние шумов на людей на прилегающих территориях и в жилых постройках, а также живых обитателей природы.
Результатом проведенных исследований является формирование мероприятий по снижению уровня шумов инфразвукового диапазона. При проектировании инновационных систем энергообеспечения необходимо использовать компоненты, определяющие не только уровень шума, но и КПД используемых агрегатов. Так, например, для тепловых насосов выгодно использовать малошумные элементы, размещать компрессор снаружи здания или размещать его в звуконепроницаемую камеру. Размещение ВЭУ на удаленном расстоянии от жилой застройки.
Непрерывный шум тепловых насосов можно снижать применением ротационного компрессора вместо поршневого, отказом от применения клапанов, как в некоторых ротационных компрессорах. Поршневые компрессоры следует хорошо балансировать для снижения вибраций и монтировать на виброгасящем основании. Выбор хладагента может влиять на уровень шума - предпочтителен более плотный пар, но если с ним связано повышение давления, то может быть и обратный эффект. В ветроагрегатах предлагается снижение скорости ротора в ночное время.
Предложена методика, которая позволяет эффективно провести расчет УЗД первых инфразвуковых гармоник (2,4 Гц; 4,8 Гц; 9,16 Гц; 18, 32 Гц) и определить их характеристики направленности. Библ. 13, рис. 1.
1948 – Marx e a revolução europeia de 1848 - Parte II
Authors: Korsh Karl 
Published: October 2019

Texto do filósofo alemão a propósito dos 100 anos das revoluções de 1848. Original in “Marx Stellung in der europäischen Revolution von 1848”, Die Schule, III, 5, Maio de 1948. Tradução portuguesa de B. A., a partir da versão francesa de Serge Bricianer, in “Karl Korsch, Marxisme et Contre-Revolution”, Editions du Seuil, Paris, 1975. Este texto foi extraído de La Bataille Socialiste.
La acción sindical frente a la reestructuración global contemporánea: desafíos de la deslocalización internacional en sectores de servicio en Argentina
Authors: Del Bono Andrea , Noel Bulloni María 
Published: October 2019

Aunque las formas de producción de bienes y servicios que aplican estrategias de relocalización y externalización de actividades no son una novedad, en la actual fase del capitalismo global sus alcances adquieren ribetes ciertamente destacados, motivando la reflexión y el debate en diversos ámbitos -político, académico, sindical, entre otros. En este texto proponemos abonar dicho debate a partir de un abordaje centrado en dos actividades emblemáticas del sector servicios en Argentina.
EDITORIAL
Authors: DAL RI Neusa Maria 
Published: October 2019

Apresentamos aos leitores e às leitoras o número 1, do volume 18 de ORG&DEMO relativo ao ano de 2017, que está composto por sete artigos e uma resenha.O primeiro artigo apresentado denomina-se A produção social dos espaços de coletivos de trabalho: a precedência da reprodução sobre a produção e foi escrito por Viviane Zerlotini da Silva da Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Minas (PUC-Minas), Minas Gerais. O objetivo do artigo é apresentar ao leitor/a estudos de caso sobre a produção social do espaço de quatro grupos de trabalho associado localizados em Minas Gerais, ou seja, os coletivos de artesãos, triadoras, bordadeiras e costureiras.
A PARTICIPAÇÃO SOCIAL NA CONSTRUÇÃO DAS POLÍTICAS EDUCACIONAIS: REFLEXÕES SOBRE AS ÚLTIMAS DÉCADAS
Authors: ANTONINI Vanessa Lata , RESENDE Fernanda Motta de Paula 
Published: October 2019

O artigo tem como objetivo refletir sobre a mobilização e a participação da sociedade brasileira na construção das políticas educacionais. Tal análise será feita destacando-se os cenários políticos das décadas de 1990 e 2000, nos momentos de elaboração da Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação Nacional (LDB 9394/96), do Plano Nacional de Educação (PNE-2001-2010) e do Plano de Desenvolvimento da Educação (PDE/2007). Afirma-se que a participação social na construção de tais políticas é essencial no sentido de legitimá-las, para que, dessa forma, haja a identificação necessária para sua efetivação.
BUROCRACIA ESTATAL DA CAÇA E DA LUTA PRIMITIVA: SER POLICIAL E SER MILITAR SÃO CONDIÇÕES CONTRADITÓRIAS?
Authors: DE LIMA Wagner Soares 
Published: October 2019

Resumo: Enquanto se buscava a natureza da polícia militar, como um sistema social fruto das respostas da espécie humana à emergência evolutiva, uma simples pergunta para caracterizar essa instituição surgiu: quantos anos tem a polícia militar? Pergunta essa que suscitou uma análise institucional histórica sob o crivo de uma abordagem socioecológica. Propõe-se, portanto, a apresentar uma breve filogenia institucional sustentada por uma pesquisa bibliográfica, da qual se destacam as contribuições de Bayley (2002), na análise internacional comparada desde o Império Romano e Cotta (2012), na reprodução do modelo no âmbito da colonização portuguesa. Outro dado conjunto de seleção de historiografia permite que se alcancem os primórdios da espécie Homo sapiens. Em meio ao mapeamento, uma questão de forte apelo em debate na sociedade brasileira veio à tona: a natureza intrínseca do militarismo em sentido amplo na estruturação dos corpos policiais e, sobretudo, no sistema luso-brasileiro de manutenção da ordem.Palavras-chave: Abordagem socioecológica. Polícia Militar. Ecologia Humana. Abstract: While searching for the nature of the military police, as a social system fruit of the responses of the human species to the evolutionary emergency, a simple question to characterize this institution emerged: how old is the military police? This question raised a historical institutional analysis under a socioecological approach. It is proposed, therefore, to present a brief institutional phylogeny supported by a bibliographical research, of which the contributions of Bayley (2002), the international comparative analysis since the Roman and Cotta (2012), stand out in the reproduction of the model in the scope of Portuguese colonization. Another set of selection of historiography allows to reach the beginnings of the species Homo sapiens. In the middle of the mapping a question of strong appeal in debate in Brazilian society came to light: the intrinsic nature of militarism in a broad sense in the structuring of police forces and, above all, in the Portuguese-Brazilian system of order maintenance.Key words: Socioecological Approach; Military Police; Human Ecology.
A CONSTRUÇÃO DAS ESTRUTURAS INFRALÓGICAS DE ESPAÇO E A REVERSIBILIDADE DE PENSAMENTO
Authors: MENEGHEL Ana Lúcia Pinto de Camargo 
Published: October 2019

A construção das estruturas infralógicas de espaço está invariavelmente relaci-onada às ações que o ser humano realiza sobre os objetos concretos ou imagi-nados. O objetivo central deste artigo é explicar a psicogênese das noções de espaço, determinada pelo desempenho de crianças de 8 a 12 anos nas provas infralógicas da torre, da reta projetiva e da perspectiva, Tais provas serviram como instrumento de pesquisa cujo interesse principal foi o de verificar o está-gio de desenvolvimento intelectual de crianças, as quais permaneciam 3 horas diárias ou mais interagindo com Aparelhos Eletrônicos de Telas-AETs. Consi-derando os estudos que constatam que as noções espaciais estão intimamente relacionadas às atividades físicas que comumente as crianças realizam quando não estão interagindo com AETs, pretende-se verificar também se nessas crian-ças o ritmo do desenvolvimento da noção de espaço é compatível com a idade e o desenvolvimento intelectual desses participantes da amostra. Os resultados dessa pesquisa sugerem uma intervenção pedagógica que tenha por objetivo promover a conquista da reversibilidade de pensamento que é condição necessária para a construção das estruturas infralógicas.
Tindak Tutur Direktif Langsung Literal Guru pada Pembelajaran Teks Eksposisi di Kelas X IPS-3 SMA Negeri 3 Boyolali (<Em>Literal Directive Speech Act in Exposition Text Learning in Class X IPS-3 SMA Negeri 3 Boyolali</Em>)
Authors: Maesaroh Siti 
Published: October 2019

Bahasa merupakan alat interaksi sosial atau alat komunikasi antarmanusia, termasuk di dalamnya komunikasi antara guru dengan siswa dalam kegiatan belajar mengajar di kelas. Dalam setiap komunikasi di kelas, guru dan siswa saling menyampaikan informasi yang dapat berupa pikiran, gagasan, maksud, perasaan, maupun emosi secara langsung. Setiap proses komunikasi memunculkan tindak tutur dalam satu situasi tutur. Hal inilah yang melatarbelakangi penulis untuk melakukan penelitian. Adapun tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan bentuk-bentuk tindak tutur direktif guru dalam pembelajaran teks eksposisi di Kelas X IPS-3 SMA Negeri 3 Boyolali. Strategi yang penulis pilih adalah langsung literal agar mempermudah pemahaman terhadap mitra tutur. Objek penelitian ini adalah tindak tutur guru dan siswa dalam proses pembelajaran. Subjek penelitian ini adalah seorang guru yang mengajar bahasa Indonesia di Kelas X IPS-3 SMA Negeri 3 Boyolali. Pengumpulan data menggunakan metode pengamatan, perekaman, dan pencatatan. Hasil penelitian membuktikan bahwa bentuk tindak tutur direktif langsung literal yang dilakukan guru dalam pembelajaran teks eksposisi di Kelas X IPS-3 SMA Negeri 3 Boyolali berfungsi untuk menyuruh, memohon, menuntut, menyarankan, dan menantang. Tindak tutur direktif langsung literal yang dominan dilakukan guru dalam pembelajaran adalah menyuruh.Â Language is a means of social interaction or communication among people, including the communication among teachers and students in the teaching and learning activities in the classroom. In every classroom communication, the teacher and student convey information to each other that can be thoughts, ideas, intentions, feelings, or emotions directly. Every communication process brings up acts of speech in a speech situation. This is what lies behind the author to do this study. The purpose of this study is to describe the forms of directive speech acts of the teacher in learning text exposition in Class X IPS-3 SMA Negeri 3 Boyolali. The strategy choosen by the author is literal direct to facilitate understanding towards the interlocutor. The object of this study is the speech acts of teachers and students in the learning process. The subject of this study is a teacher who teaches Indonesian in Class X IPS-3 SMA Negeri 3 Boyolali. The data are collected using observation, recording and noting methods. The result of the research proves that the form of literal direct directive speech act done by teacher in exposition text lesson in Class X IPS-3 SMA Negeri 3 Boyolali serves to ask, to beg, to demand, to advise, and to challenge. The literal direct directive speech act that is dominant done by the teacher in learning is to order.
Long-term Correlations of Polytropic Indices with Kappa Distributions in Solar Wind Plasma near 1 au
Authors: Nicolaou G. , Livadiotis G. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The polytropic behavior of space plasmas defines a power law between the plasma moments during the transition of the plasma from one state to another under constant specific heat. Knowledge of the polytropic index—the power-law exponent—is essential for understanding the dynamics of plasma particles, while a full kinetic description can be established by the study of the velocity distribution of plasma particles. The particle velocities of collisionless space plasmas, such as the solar wind, follow the kappa distribution function. The kappa index, the parameter that labels and governs these distributions, is an independent variable that describes the state of plasmas and is required for a complete description of the plasma properties. Previous studies showed and demonstrated how the kappa and polytropic indices are related to each other in the presence of potential energy, and their relationship also depends on the potential degrees of freedom. This paper extends these analyses and derives the kappa and polytropic indices of the solar wind proton plasmas using Wind observations during the last two solar cycles. We examine and show the systematic long-term correlation between these indices, the magnetic field strength, and the solar activity.
The CGM–GRB Study. I. Uncovering the Circumgalactic Medium around GRB Hosts at Redshifts 2–6
Authors: Gatkine Pradip , Veilleux Sylvain , Cucchiara Antonino 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Recent studies have revealed a dynamic interplay between the galaxy ecosystem and circumgalactic medium (CGM). We investigate the CGM at high redshifts (z ≳ 2) by using bright afterglows of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) as background sources. We compiled a sample of medium-resolution (Δv < 50 km s−1) and high signal-to-noise ratio (typical S/N ∼ 10) spectra from 27 GRB afterglows covering z ∼ 2–6, with six of them at z ≳ 4. We analyzed the high- and low-ionization absorption features within ±400 km s−1 to extract the CGM and interstellar medium (ISM) kinematics. In the stacked spectra, high-ionization absorption profiles (e.g., C iv, Si iv) present significant absorption excess in their blue wings (v < −100 km s−1) relative to the red wings (v > 100 km s−1). The stronger blue wings in high-ionization species are indicative of the presence of ubiquitous warm outflows in the GRB hosts at high redshifts. We used simple toy models to kinematically distinguish the CGM and ISM absorption and estimate the CGM mass and outflow velocity. We find tentative evidence of the evolution of the CGM metal mass by ∼0.5 dex between two redshift bins, each spanning 1 Gyr, z1: 2–2.7 and z2: 2.7–5. By comparing with past studies, we find that over the course of evolution of present-day galaxies with M
* > 1010
M
⊙, the ratio of C iv mass in the CGM to the stellar mass remains fairly uniform, with log(M
C iv
/M
*) ∼ −4.5 within ±0.5 dex from z ∼ 4 to z ∼ 0, suggesting CGM–galaxy coevolution.
Origin for the Prompt Spectral Evolution Characteristics and High Energy Emission during the X-Ray Flare in GRB 180720B
Authors: Duan Ming-Ya , Wang Xiang-Gao 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The gamma-ray burst GRB 180720B is very peculiar. On one hand, some interesting features have been found by performing the detailed time-resolved spectral analysis in the prompt phase. First, the “flux-tracking” pattern is exhibited both for the low energy spectral index α and the peak energy E

p
in the Band function. Second, some parameter relations show strong monotonous positive correlations, include E

p
–F, α–F, E

p
–α, and E

p
–L

γ,iso for all time-resolved spectra. Lastly, it should be noted that the values of α do not exceed the synchrotron limits

. On the other hand, the photons with the energy of ≳100 MeV were detected by LAT both in the prompt phase and afterglow. Notably, the 5 GeV photon was observed at 142 s after the GBM trigger. The spectrum of this burst in the LAT range can be described as F

ν
∝ ν
−1.3
t
−1.54±0.02 in the afterglow phase. And there are six GeV photons during the X-ray flare when the lower energy emission is fading to a weaker level. We try to give reasonable interpretations of the mechanism for prompt emission and the high energy emission (100 MeV to GeV) in the afterglow. The interpretations suggesting that synchrotron origin can account for the prompt emission and synchrotron self-Compton radiation can account for both the spectrum and temporal behavior of the 100 MeV to GeV afterglow emission that have been accepted by us.
GRB X-Ray Flare Properties among Different GRB Subclasses
Authors: Liu Chuanxi , Mao Jirong 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) can be divided into three subclasses: X-ray flash (XRF), X-ray rich (XRR), and classical GRB (C-GRB). An X-ray flare is the rebrightening emission shown in the early X-ray afterglow of some GRBs. In this paper, we comprehensively examine the X-ray flare properties among XRF, XRR, and C-GRB subclasses. We utilize the XRF, XRR, and C-GRB subclass samples obtained from the Swift-BAT3 catalog, and the X-ray flare observational properties are collected from Falcone et al., Chincarini et al., and Yi et al. We find that XRFs and XRRs have more bright X-ray flares than C-GRBs. The ratio of the X-ray flare fluence to the prompt emission fluence has different distributions between XRF and C-GRB subclasses. The linear correlation between the duration and the peak time of the X-ray flares is also different between XRF and C-GRB subclasses. We are inclined to identify the GRBs with the bright X-ray flares as XRFs or XRRs. We discuss some issues that are related to the XRF/XRR/C-GRB classification. We also caution the selection effects and the instrument bias in our investigation. Large samples are required in the future to further confirm our results.
The Mechanism of Electron Injection and Acceleration in Transrelativistic Reconnection
Authors: Ball David , Sironi Lorenzo , Özel Feryal 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Electron acceleration during magnetic reconnection is thought to play a key role in time-variable high-energy emission from astrophysical systems. By means of particle-in-cell simulations of transrelativistic reconnection, we investigate electron injection and acceleration mechanisms in low-β electron–proton plasmas. We set up a diversity of density and field structures (e.g., X-points and plasmoids) by varying the guide field strength and choosing whether to trigger reconnection or let it spontaneously evolve. We show that the number of X-points and plasmoids controls the efficiency of electron acceleration, with more X-points leading to a higher efficiency. Using on-the-fly acceleration diagnostics, we also show that the nonideal electric fields associated with X-points play a critical role in the first stages of electron acceleration. As a further diagnostic, we include two populations of test particles that selectively experience only certain components of electric fields. We find that the out-of-plane component of the parallel electric field determines the hardness of the high-energy tail of the electron energy distribution. These results further our understanding of electron acceleration in this regime of magnetic reconnection and have implications for realistic models of black hole accretion flows.