bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cynical Self-Doubt and the Grounds of Sympathy
Authors: Cardoen Sam 
Published: March 2018

The foundational essay of Stanley Cavell’s oeuvre, “Knowing and Acknowledging,” prepares the author’s continued interest in sceptical doubt about the existence of other minds as well as his specific approach to this particular philosophical problem. One useful way of approaching “Knowing and Acknowledging” is to suggest that it addresses the other minds sceptic so as to excavate alongside him the underlying ground from which his doubt about the existence of other minds emerges. Cavell, in other words, appears to compose his argument in such a way as to lead the sceptic along a series of steps that demonstrate that his sceptical doubt does not simply exist as a self-contained or self-standing problem. In doing so, Cavell traces the emergence of sceptical doubt about other minds to a specific anxiety about our reliance on expressions of sympathy as a way of responding to the suffering of others. Cavell argues that the sceptic subsequently intellectualizes this anxiety into sceptical doubt. Cavell explicitly does not seek to refute the sceptic; he even accepts that the sceptic’s intellectual doubt is, in its way, valid. For Cavell, to try to straightforwardly refute sceptical doubt is simply to accept the terms on which it presents itself, and thereby to extend the sceptic’s view. Instead, Cavell tries to get the sceptic to a point where he will regard the nature, and the origins, of his doubt differently than he did before.
El obligatorio como instrumento de aprendizaje: la perspectiva académica
Authors: Damiani Jaime , García Carolina 
Published: March 2018

Ya en 1993, Peter Drucker al hacer referencia a la sociedad del conocimiento, afirmaba que uno de los retos más importantes que afrontan las organizaciones es el de construir prácticas sistemáticas para gestionar su propia transformación, estar preparadas para abandonar el conocimiento devenido obsoleto y aprender a crearlo a través de la mejora continua de sus actividades, del desarrollo de nuevas aplicaciones a partir de sus propios éxitos y de la innovación continua entendida como un proceso organizacional. Naturalmente, todo ello sólo es posible mediante la conducción y el liderazgo de personas con las competencias, capacidades y habilidades adecuadas. Las propias instituciones que forman profesionales destinados a actuar en el mundo de los negocios deben tomar nota de estas demandas y actuar en consecuencia.Tradicionalmente, las universidades han sido más o menos eficaces en la transmisión de información y en el manejo del conocimiento explícito, pero las demandas actuales exigen en forma imperativa que lo sean cada vez más también en materia de conocimiento tácito. Esto significa cuestionar continuamente los paradigmas, cambiar las perspectivas, revisar los modelos educativos aplicados y realizar los diagnósticos correctos, pero sobre todo, ser capaces de proponer nuevas estrategias de enseñanza, diseñando las herramientas pedagógicas que posibiliten desarrollar el potencial de aprendizaje de cada individuo con vistas a afrontar las exigencias profesionales que el mercado laboral le impondrá.El presente trabajo se enmarca en el propósito de compartir la experiencia de la Universidad ORT Uruguay en relación con un instrumento específico ampliamente utilizado en sus cursos superiores, analizando sus características y los resultados de su aplicación. Dado el contexto en que estaba prevista su presentación, el estudio se centró en el caso de la carrera de Contador Público.
Una comparación de pruebas de igualdad de dos riesgos competitivos
Authors: Molina Blanco Liliana Carolina , Lopera Gómez Carlos Mario 
Published: March 2018

En este artículo se abordó la problemática de dos riesgos que están compitiendo para causar la falla de un sujeto; en particular determinar si los riesgos o probabilidad de falla asociada a cada tipo de falla son igualmente importantes o si un riesgo es más serio que el otro. Para este fin se hizo un estudio de la prueba de hipótesis para la igualdad de las dos funciones de incidencia acumulada asociadas a los riesgos. Se realizó un estudio de simulación donde se comparan algunos de los procedimientos de prueba que han sido propuestos para este fin; y así, poder determinar el comportamiento de estos procedimientos de prueba bajo varios escenarios que permitan evaluar el desempeño de los mismos. Se incluyen los procedimientos de prueba usando datos reales de pacientes con linfoma.
Maternal Diets Deficient in Vitamin D Increase the Risk of Kyphosis in Offspring
Authors: Halanski Matthew A. , Hildahl Blake , Amundson Laura A. , Leiferman Ellen , Gendron-Fitzpatrick Annette , Chaudhary Rajeev , Hartwig-Stokes Heather M. , McCabe Ronald , Lenhart Rachel , Chin Matthew , Birstler Jennifer , Crenshaw Thomas D. 
Published: March 2018

Background:
The purpose of this study was to explore the role of perinatal vitamin-D intake on the development and characterization of hyperkyphosis in a porcine model.

Methods:
The spines of 16 pigs were assessed at 9, 13, and 17 weeks of age with radiography and at 17 weeks with computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), histology, and bone-density testing. An additional 169 pigs exposed to 1 of 3 maternal dietary vitamin-D levels from conception through the entire lactation period were fed 1 of 4 nursery diets supplying different levels of vitamin D, calcium, and phosphorus. When the animals were 13 weeks of age, upright lateral spinal radiography was performed with use of a custom porcine lift and sagittal Cobb angles were measured in triplicate to determine the degree of kyphosis in each pig.

Results:
The experimental animals had significantly greater kyphotic sagittal Cobb angles at all time points when compared with the control animals. These hyperkyphotic deformities demonstrated no significant differences in Hounsfield units, contained a slightly lower ash content (46.7% ± 1.1% compared with 50.9% ± 1.6%; p < 0.001), and demonstrated more physeal irregularities. Linear mixed model analysis of the measured kyphosis demonstrated that maternal diet had a greater effect on sagittal Cobb angle than did nursery diet and that postnatal supplementation did not completely eliminate the risk of hyperkyphosis.

Conclusions:
Maternal diets deficient in vitamin D increased the development of hyperkyphosis in offspring in this model.

Clinical Relevance:
This study demonstrates that decreased maternal dietary vitamin-D intake during pregnancy increases the risk of spinal deformity in offspring. In addition, these data show the feasibility of generating a large-animal spinal-deformity model through dietary manipulation alone.
Patient-Reported Outcomes in Orthopaedics
Authors:   MOTION Group
Published: March 2018

➤ Patient-reported outcomes (PROs) assess a patient’s perspective of health, function, and quality of life associated with health conditions and medical interventions.➤ Health-care value is the ratio of health outcomes achieved relative to the total cost of care for a medical condition.➤ Common PRO designs assess general quality of life, system or region-specific conditions, disease-specific conditions, or mixed outcome measure designs.➤ Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) measures domains of health (e.g., fatigue, physical function, and depressive symptoms), not disease or injury-specific outcomes, allowing for comparability across conditions and normative scoring.➤ PROs offer a unique format to the clinician for understanding the impact of medical conditions or interventions and, as a result, may improve the care provided.
Improved input to distributed hydrologic model in areas with sparse subdaily rainfall data using multivariate daily rainfall disaggregation
Authors: Ivković Marija , Todorović Andrijana , Plavšić Jasna 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
Flood forecasting relies on good quality of observed and forecasted rainfall. In Serbia, the recording rain gauge network is sparse and rainfall data mainly come from dense non-recording rain gauges. This is not beneficial for flood forecasting in smaller catchments and short-duration events, when hydrologic models operating on subdaily scale are applied. Moreover, differences in rainfall amounts from two types of gauges can be considerable, which is common in operational hydrological practice. This paper examines the possibility of including daily rainfall data from dense observation networks in flood forecasting based on subdaily data, using the extreme flood event in the Kolubara catchment in May 2014 as a case study. Daily rainfall from a dense observation network is disaggregated to hourly scale using the MuDRain multivariate disaggregation software. The disaggregation procedure results in well-reproduced rainfall dynamics and adjusts rainfall volume to the values from the non-recording gauges. The fully distributed wflow_hbv model, which is under development as a forecasting tool for the Kolubara catchment, is used for flood simulations with two alternative hourly rainfall data. The results show an improvement when the disaggregated rainfall from denser network is used, thus indicating the significance of better representation of rainfall temporal and spatial variability for flood forecasting.
Residual chlorine behavior in a distribution network of a small water supply system
Authors: Araya Andrés , Sánchez Luis D. 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
This study presents the behavior of residual chlorine using computer modeling for a small water supply system located in La Sirena, Cali, Colombia. The study included field work to calibrate and validate the model together with lab determinations. Results show that the kinetics of first and second order together with the kinetics of mixed order can adequately describe the behavior of residual chlorine in this type of network. The research showed the variables that influence the behavior of residual chlorine in the network are: the quality of the input water, chlorine dosing, the effect of storage that increases the water age, and the presence of dead zones in the tanks. The study revealed that 95% of the reaction occurs in the storage tanks due to the small variation in the water level and the negligible reactions at the pipe walls. This study proved that the residual chlorine modeling in this small network in particular is a valuable tool for monitoring the water quality in the distribution network, which is useful to comply with water quality guidelines.
Quantitative impact of precipitation and human activity on runoff in the upper and middle Taoer River basin
Authors: Sun Ying , Liang Xiujuan , Xiao Changlai , Fang Zhang 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
Improved analysis and usage of water resources in the Taoer River basin requires an evaluation of the contributions of precipitation and human activities to runoff. In this study, we apply an integrated method combining the non-parametric Mann–Kendall trend test and the double-mass curve to analyze runoff data from 1961 to 2010. The major findings are as follows. (1) Annual runoff showed a statistically significant decrease, while precipitation showed no significant trend. (2) An abrupt change point was identified in 1998 at four representative stations, resulting in the study period being divided into pre-change and post-change periods for subsequent analysis. The double-mass curves were approximately linear in the pre-change periods, indicating that the dominant factor was probably climate change. Annual precipitation–runoff curves showed a decreasing trend from 1998, probably because of human activity. (3) The contributions of human activity to runoff in the post-change period for the four selected stations were 58.31%, 17.81%, 37.17%, and 47.66%, and the influence of human activity increased after the abrupt change point.
Sulphate removal from mine water with chemical, biological and membrane technologies
Authors: Kinnunen Päivi , Kyllönen Hanna , Kaartinen Tommi , Mäkinen Jarno , Heikkinen Juha , Miettinen Ville 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
Chemical, physical and biological technologies for removal of sulphate from mine tailings pond water (8 g SO42−/L) were investigated. Sulphate concentrations of approximately 1,400, 700, 350 and 20 mg/L were obtained using gypsum precipitation, and ettringite precipitation, biological sulphate reduction or reverse osmosis (RO) after gypsum pre-treatment, respectively. Gypsum precipitation can be widely utilized as a pre-treatment method, as was shown in this study. Clearly the lowest sulphate concentrations were obtained using RO. However, RO cannot be the only water purification technology, because the concentrate needs to be treated. There would be advantages using biological sulphate reduction, when elemental sulphur could be produced as a sellable end product. Reagent and energy costs for 200 m3/h tailings pond water feed based on laboratory studies and process modelling were 1.1, 3.1, 1.2 and 2.7 MEur/year for gypsum precipitation, ettringite precipitation, RO and biological treatment after gypsum precipitation, respectively. The most appropriate technology or combination of technologies should be selected for every industrial site case by case.
Novel Optical Techniques for Imaging Microcirculation in the Diabetic Foot
Authors: Mennes Onno A. , van Netten Jaap J. , Slart Riemer H.J.A. , Steenbergen Wiendelt 
Published: March 2018

Background:
The most severe diabetic foot ulcers are those related with critical ischemia, which is
primarily diagnosed with non-invasive diagnostics. However, these diagnostics have several disadvantages. For
example, they only provide global indications of the (macro)level of ischemia. A potential solution can be found
in novel optical imaging techniques for local assessment of the microcirculation in diabetic foot ulcers. This review
provides an overview of these imaging techniques (Laser Doppler Perfusion Imaging, Laser Speckle Contrast
Imaging, Photoacoustic Imaging and Hyperspectral Imaging) and their applicability for the diagnostic assessment
of microcirculation in diabetic foot ulcers.
<p>
Method: For each technique, the following parts are described: a) their technical background; b) general clinical
applications; and, c) its application for microcirculation assessment in diabetic foot ulcers. Parts a-b are based on
a narrative review of the literature, part c on a systematic review that was performed in the database Scopus,
covering the period from January 1, 2000 to November 31, 2017.
<p>
Results: Each of these techniques has specific advantages and disadvantages for imaging microcirculation. Potential
clinical use depends on measurement aims, and clinical relevance. However, none of the techniques has a
strongly established clinical relevance yet: we found a limited number of publications describing clinical outcomes.
Future research is needed to determine which technique is the most clinically relevant for the assessment
of microcirculation in diabetic foot ulcers.

Conclusion:
Although promising, the currently available novel optical techniques need to be further improved
technically and prospective trials are necessary to evaluate their clinical value.
Relevance of CYP2C9 Function in Valproate Therapy
Authors: Monostory Katalin , Nagy Andrea , Tóth Katalin , Bűdi Tamás , Kiss Ádám , Déri Máté , Csukly Gábor 
Published: March 2018

Background:Genetic polymorphisms of drug metabolizing enzymes can substantially modify the pharmacokinetics of a drug and eventually its efficacy or toxicity; however, inferring a patient’s drug metabolizing capacity merely from his or her genotype can lead to false prediction. Non-genetic host factors (age, sex, disease states) and environmental factors (nutrition, comedication) can transiently alter the enzyme expression and activities resulting in genotypephenotype mismatch. Although valproic acid is a well-tolerated anticonvulsant, pediatric patients are particularly vulnerable to valproate injury that can be partly attributed to the age-related differences in metabolic pathways. </P><P> Methods: CYP2C9 mediated oxidation of valproate, which is the minor metabolic pathway in adults, appears to become the principal route in children. Genetic and non-genetic variations in CYP2C9 activity can result in significant inter- and intra-individual differences in valproate pharmacokinetics and valproate induced adverse reactions. </P><P> Results: The loss-of-function alleles, CYP2C9*2 or CYP2C9*3, display significant reduction in valproate metabolism in children; furthermore, low CYP2C9 expression in patients with CYP2C9*1/*1 genotype also leads to a decrease in valproate metabolizing capacity. Due to phenoconversion, the homozygous wild genotype, expected to be translated to CYP2C9 enzyme with normal activity, is transiently switched into poor (or extensive) metabolizer phenotype.Conclusion:Novel strategy for valproate therapy adjusted to CYP2C9-status (CYP2C9 genotype and CYP2C9 expression) is strongly recommended in childhood. The early knowledge of pediatric patients’ CYP2C9-status facilitates the optimization of valproate dosing which contributes to the avoidance of misdosing induced adverse reactions, such as abnormal blood levels of ammonia and alkaline phosphatase, and improves the safety of children’s anticonvulsant therapy.
Fast Method to Evaluate Payload Effect on In-Train Forces of Freight Trains
Authors: Arcidiacono Gabriele , Berni Rossella , Cantone Luciano , Nikiforova Nedka D. , Placidoli Pierpaolo 
Published: March 2018

Introduction:This paper introduces a fast method to evaluate the effect of payload distribution on in-train forces.Methods:The method is based on Strong Orthogonal Arrays (SOA) and the excellent space-filling properties of Latin Hypercube Design (LHD): SOA-based-LHD is proved to be very efficient in spanning the range of in-train forces for different types of trains (also considering distributed power/braking) and trains operations.Results:The distribution of the percentage of braked mass is used to consider the effect of payload distribution on in-train forces. Because of its computational efficiency, the method proposed here can be satisfactorily employed to perform an optimization analysis of train composition.
T Peak–T End Interval Alteration as Parameter of Successful Fibrinolysis in Patients with ST Segment Elevation Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Dwijanarko Windhi , Maharani Erika , Anggrahini Dyah Wulan 
Published: March 2018

Background: In STEMI patients, the duration of action potential dispersion occurs between normal and ischemic tissue due to the lengthening of the refractory period, causing transmural dispersion of repolarization, which could be detected with Tp-Te interval prolongation on the electrocardiogram (ECG). Benefits of fibrinolytic therapy in patients with STEMI has been demonstrated, with reduced mortality significantly and improve coronary patency in order to increase myocardial perfusion. The goal of this study was to determine Tp-Te interval alteration in STEMI patients before and after the fibrinolytic therapy between successful fibrinolysis compared to failed fibrinolysis. Method: Cross-sectional study was conducted to collect ECG from medical records at Dr. Sardjito General Hospital in January–September 2016. STEMI patients with onset less than 12hours whom reperfused with fibrinolytic therapy were registered. Tp-Te interval was measured before, soon after (0 minute), and 30 minutes after fibrinolysis with successful and failed results. The unpaired t-test analysis was used to compare Tp-Te interval alteration after fibrinolysis. Then, ΔTp-Te cut-off value was determined to find sensitivity and specificity based on ROC. Result: Among 84 patients enrolled in this study, 46 patients with successful fibrinolysis and 38patients with failed fibrinolysis. Both of groups had Tp-Te interval prolongation before fibrinolysis, with mean value of 120.30 ± 13.02 ms in successful fibrinolysis group and 118.57 ± 15.24 ms in failed fibrinolysis group. In successful fibrinolysis group, Tp-Te interval reduced significantly with ΔTp-Te value of 17.55 ± 13.35 ms on 0 minute and 20.85 ± 15.62 ms on 30 minutes after fibrinolysis, while in failed fibrinolysis group there was not a decrease of Tp-Te interval with ΔTp-Te value of -0.77 ± 11.00 ms on 0 minute (p <0.001) and -1.53 ± 14.35 ms on 30 minutes after fibrinolysis (p <0.001). Cut-off value ΔTp-Te 20 ms had sensitivity 52.2% and specificity 94.7% based on ROC, with strong discriminator value of AUC (0.888). Conclusion: There was a greater reduction of Tp-Te interval in STEMI patients with successful fibrinolysis compared to failed fibrinolysis, so it may be used as a alternative parameter of successful fibrinolysisKeywords: STEMI; Tp-Te interval; fibrinolysis
La transparencia y la formación de ciudadanía en un gobierno local: Oportunidades y restricciones en Jalisco
Authors: Aguilera Hintelholher Rina Marissa 
Published: March 2018

<p>El propósito de este trabajo es analizar y explicar la importancia de la transparencia en el desarrollo de la vida pública contemporánea, enfatizando su relevancia en los sistemas democráticos y destacando su contribución para que los gobiernos sean más abiertos, interactivos y visibles. Lo cual es un avance importante para formar ciudadanía, factor que se correlaciona con el desempeño eficaz de las instituciones gubernamentales. El gobierno del Estado de Jalisco destaca como laboratorio de este ejercicio democrático</p>
El Congreso y el presupuesto de egresos en el Estado de México (1986-2014)
Authors: Sánchez Martínez José Said 
Published: March 2018

<p>La mayor parte de los estudios sobre la política subnacional considera que los congresos estatales son un actor marginal, aspecto que se reproduce en el tema de la política de gasto. Sin embargo, es preciso ofrecer evidencia para tener una mejor idea sobre el desempeño de los congresos. En este sentido, a partir del estudio de caso del Estado de México, los objetivos de esta investigación son: a) mostrar evidencia empírica sobre el ejercicio de la función presupuestaria; b) contrastar si el estatus del gobierno afecta la conducta del congreso, y c) conocer las características de las enmiendas sobre el presupuesto de egresos</p>
Sobre la necesaria vinculación entre historia y memoria en el estudio de la historia reciente en Argentina. Reflexiones a partir de un análisis de caso
Authors: Raina Andrea 
Published: March 2018

<p>En el presente artículo se reflexiona acerca de la necesaria vinculación entre historia y memoria para los estudios de la historia reciente en Argentina. El texto parte de algunas reflexiones que el debate clásico del núcleo historia y memoria invita a repensar. Aquí se presenta un estudio de caso –de la represión local durante el período 1973-1976. La práctica doble de deconstrucción de las memorias arraigadas socialmente, a la par de la reconstrucción histórica, permitió debatir esos sentidos enraizados y arrojar algo de luz sobre un proceso represivo creciente, atravesado<br />en la ciudad de Santa Fe, como en tantas otras del país, que estalló durante la última dictadura militar del año 1976</p>