bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of a phosphodiesterase-5A (PDE5A) gene polymorphism on response to sildenafil therapy in canine pulmonary hypertension
Authors: Ueda Yu , Johnson Lynelle R. , Ontiveros Eric S. , Visser Lance C. , Gunther-Harrington Catherine T. , Stern Joshua A. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractPulmonary hypertension (PH) is a common clinical condition associated with morbidity and mortality in both humans and dogs. Sildenafil, a phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE5) inhibitor causing accumulation of cGMP, is frequently used for treatment of PH. The authors previously reported a PDE5A:E90K polymorphism in dogs that results in lower basal cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) concentrations than in wild-type dogs, which could contribute to variability in the efficacy of sildenafil. In this study, response to sildenafil therapy was evaluated in dogs with PH by comparing echocardiographic parameters, quality-of-life (QOL) score, and plasma cGMP concentrations before and after sildenafil therapy. Overall, tricuspid regurgitation estimated systolic pressure gradient (PG) and QOL score were significantly improved after sildenafil therapy, and the plasma cGMP concentration was significantly decreased. Dogs that had a heterozygous PDE5A status had a significantly worse QOL score when compared to the wildtype group after sildenafil treatment. The simple and multiple regression analyses revealed a significant but weak prediction for the percent reduction in QOL score with sildenafil treatment by plasma cGMP level and by the PDE5A:E90K polymorphic status. This study showed that sildenafil treatment improved PH in dogs, and the PDE5A:E90K polymorphism blunted the efficacy of sildenafil in terms of QOL improvement.
Influence of Cell Spreading Area on the Osteogenic Commitment and Phenotype Maintenance of Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Authors: Yang Yingjun , Wang Xinlong , Wang Yongtao , Hu Xiaohong , Kawazoe Naoki , Yang Yingnan , Chen Guoping 
Published: May 2019

AbstractOsteogenic differentiation and commitment of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is a complex process that is induced and regulated by various biological factors and biophysical cues. Although cell spreading area, as a biophysical cue, has been demonstrated to play a critical role in the regulation of osteogenic differentiation of MSCs, it is unclear how it affects the maintenance of the committed phenotype after osteogenic differentiation of MSCs. In this study, poly (vinyl alcohol) was micropatterned on a tissue culture polystyrene surface, and the micropatterns were used to culture MSCs to control their cell spreading area. The influence of cell spreading area on osteogenic differentiation and maintenance of the differentiated phenotype of MSCs was investigated. MSCs with a larger spreading area showed a higher degree of osteogenic differentiation, slower loss of differentiated phenotype and slower re-expression of stem cell markers compared with MSCs with a smaller spreading area. A large cell spreading area was beneficial for osteogenic differentiation of MSCs and maintenance of their differentiated phenotype.
Serum beta2-microglobulin levels are highly associated with the risk of acute ischemic stroke
Authors: Qun Sen , Hu Fuyong , Wang Guoping , Wu Juncang , Tang Qiqiang , Zhang Ji , Chen Zhengxu , Wang Xiaoqiang , Liu Qiuwan , Ge Wei 
Published: May 2019

AbstractInflammation is considered an important mechanism of cell death or survival after ischemic stroke. As an important marker of inflammation, the role of β2-microglobulin (β2M) in acute ischemic stroke is unclear. We investigated the relationship between serum β2M and the risk of acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Patients with AIS (202 cases), intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH, 41 cases), and healthy controls (253 cases) were recruited. Clinical and biochemical characteristics were collected. We used three binary logistic regression models to evaluate the correlation of β2M with the risk of AIS. Furthermore, we investigated the relationship between serum β2M and the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score, the Trial of ORG 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment (TOAST) subtypes, and the Essen Stroke Risk Score (ESRS) in patients with AIS. Our results showed that serum β2M levels in patients with AIS were much higher than those in patients with ICH and in the control subjects. Individuals with higher levels of β2M had higher odds of AIS. Moreover, serum β2M levels were significantly and positively correlated with ESRS. In addition, the levels of β2M were varied with different subgroups of AIS (TOAST classification). Serum β2M is highly associated with the risk of AIS.
Ultra-Clean Pure Shift 1H-NMR applied to metabolomics profiling
Authors: Lopez Juan M. , Cabrera Rodrigo , Maruenda Helena 
Published: May 2019

AbstractEven though Pure Shift NMR methods have conveniently been used in the assessment of crowded spectra, they are not commonly applied to the analysis of metabolomics data. This paper exploits the recently published SAPPHIRE-PSYCHE methodology in the context of plant metabolome. We compare single pulse, PSYCHE, and SAPPHIRE-PSYCHE spectra obtained from aqueous extracts of Physalis peruviana fruits. STOCSY analysis with simplified SAPPHIRE-PSYCHE spectra of six types of Cape gooseberry was carried out and the results attained compared with classical STOCSY data. PLS coefficients analysis combined with 1D-STOCSY was performed in an effort to simplify biomarker identification. Several of the most compromised proton NMR signals associated with critical constituents of the plant mixture, such as amino acids, organic acids, and sugars, were more cleanly depicted and their inter and intra correlation better reveled by the Pure Shift methods. The simplified data allowed the identification of glutamic acid, a metabolite not observed in previous studies of Cape gooseberry due to heavy overlap of its NMR signals. Overall, the results attained indicated that Ultra-Clean Pure Shift spectra increase the performance of metabolomics data analysis such as STOCSY and multivariate coefficients analysis, and therefore represent a feasible and convenient additional tool available to metabolomics.
Structural design principles that underlie the multi-specific interactions of Gαq with dissimilar partners
Authors: Navot Shir , Kosloff Mickey 
Published: May 2019

AbstractGαq is a ubiquitous molecular switch that activates the effectors phospholipase-C-β3 (PLC-β3) and Rho guanine-nucleotide exchange factors. Gαq is inactivated by regulators of G protein signaling proteins, as well as by PLC-β3. Gαq further interacts with G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 (GRK2), although the functional role of this interaction is debated. While X-ray structures of Gαq bound to representatives of these partners have revealed details of their interactions, the mechanistic basis for differential Gαq interactions with multiple partners (i.e., Gαq multi-specificity) has not been elucidated at the individual residue resolution. Here, we map the structural determinants of Gαq multi-specificity using structure-based energy calculations. We delineate regions that specifically interact with GTPase Activating Proteins (GAPs) and residues that exclusively contribute to effector interactions, showing that only the Gαq “Switch II” region interacts with all partners. Our analysis further suggests that Gαq-GRK2 interactions are consistent with GRK2 functioning as an effector, rather than a GAP. Our multi-specificity analysis pinpoints Gαq residues that uniquely contribute to interactions with particular partners, enabling precise manipulation of these cascades. As such, we dissect the molecular basis of Gαq function as a central signaling hub, which can be used to target Gαq-mediated signaling in therapeutic interventions.
Cyclization-blocked proguanil as a strategy to improve the antimalarial activity of atovaquone
Authors: Skinner-Adams Tina S. , Fisher Gillian M. , Riches Andrew G. , Hutt Oliver E. , Jarvis Karen E. , Wilson Tony , von Itzstein Mark , Chopra Pradeep , Antonova-Koch Yevgeniya , Meister Stephan , Winzeler Elizabeth A. , Clarke Mary , Fidock David A. , Burrows Jeremy N. , Ryan John H. , Andrews Katherine T. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractAtovaquone-proguanil (Malarone®) is used for malaria prophylaxis and treatment. While the cytochrome bc1-inhibitor atovaquone has potent activity, proguanil’s action is attributed to its cyclization-metabolite, cycloguanil. Evidence suggests that proguanil has limited intrinsic activity, associated with mitochondrial-function. Here we demonstrate that proguanil, and cyclization-blocked analogue tBuPG, have potent, but slow-acting, in vitro anti-plasmodial activity. Activity is folate-metabolism and isoprenoid biosynthesis-independent. In yeast dihydroorotate dehydrogenase-expressing parasites, proguanil and tBuPG slow-action remains, while bc1-inhibitor activity switches from comparatively fast to slow-acting. Like proguanil, tBuPG has activity againstP. bergheiliver-stage parasites. Both analogues act synergistically with bc1-inhibitors against blood-stages in vitro, however cycloguanil antagonizes activity. Together, these data suggest that proguanil is a potent slow-acting anti-plasmodial agent, that bc1 is essential to parasite survival independent of dihydroorotate dehydrogenase-activity, that Malarone® is a triple-drug combination that includes antagonistic partners and that a cyclization-blocked proguanil may be a superior combination partner for bc1-inhibitors in vivo.
Cognitive Load Affects Speech Motor Performance Differently in Older and Younger Adults
Authors: MacPherson Megan K. 
Published: May 2019

PurposeThe aim of this study was to determine the impact of cognitive load imposed by a speech production task on the speech motor performance of healthy older and younger adults. Response inhibition, selective attention, and working memory were the primary cognitive processes of interest.MethodTwelve healthy older and 12 healthy younger adults produced multiple repetitions of 4 sentences containing an embedded Stroop task in 2 cognitive load conditions: congruent and incongruent. The incongruent condition, which required participants to suppress orthographic information to say the font colors in which color words were written, represented an increase in cognitive load relative to the congruent condition in which word text and font color matched. Kinematic measures of articulatory coordination variability and movement duration as well as a behavioral measure of sentence production accuracy were compared between groups and conditions and across 3 sentence segments (pre-, during-, and post-Stroop).ResultsIncreased cognitive load in the incongruent condition was associated with increased articulatory coordination variability and movement duration, compared to the congruent Stroop condition, for both age groups. Overall, the effect of increased cognitive load was greater for older adults than younger adults and was greatest in the portion of the sentence in which cognitive load was manipulated (during-Stroop), followed by the pre-Stroop segment. Sentence production accuracy was reduced for older adults in the incongruent condition.ConclusionsIncreased cognitive load involving response inhibition, selective attention, and working memory processes within a speech production task disrupted both the stability and timing with which speech was produced by both age groups. Older adults' speech motor performance may have been more affected due to age-related changes in cognitive and motoric functions that result in altered motor cognition.
Galactic cosmic ray hydrogen spectra and radial gradients in the inner heliosphere measured by the HELIOS Experiment 6
Authors: Marquardt J. , Heber B. 
Published: May 2019

Context. The HELIOS solar observation probes provide unique data regarding their orbit and operation time. One of the onboard instruments, the Experiment 6 (E6), is capable of measuring ions from 4 to several hundred MeV nucleon−1.
Aims. In this paper we aim to demonstrate the relevance of the E6 data for the calculation of galactic cosmic ray (GCR), anomalous cosmic ray (ACR), and solar energetic particle (SEP) fluxes for different distances from the sun and time periods.
Methods. Several corrections have been applied to the raw data: determination of the Quenching factor of the scintillator, correction of the temperature dependent electronics, degradation of the scintillator as well as the effects on the edge of semi-conductor detectors.
Results. Fluxes measured by the E6 are in accordance with the force field solution for the GCR and match models of the anomalous cosmic ray propagation. GCR radial gradients in the inner heliosphere show a different behaviour than in the outer heliosphere.
Les diagonales de #MeToo
Authors: Dominique Garnier Marie , Benveniste Annie , Sélim Monique 
Published: May 2019

Ce dossier présente trois réactions féministes et non-« universalistes » à l’ampleur mondiale du mouvement #MeToo. En contexte francophone, des voix critiques se sont fait entendre au nom d’une « liberté » républicaine, voix rassemblées sous le label de la « rubrique Deneuve ». Si un certain nombre de prises de paroles ont pu légitimement avoir lieu contre ce qu’il est convenu d’appeler la « domination masculine », il n’est pas certain cependant que, comme l’analyse Laure Murat dans Une Révolution sexuelle ? (2018) se soit écrit dans cette prise de parole « le prologue d’un livre qui commence ». Il n’est pas davantage certain que l’après-Weinstein soit l’occasion, comme elle l’écrit avec optimisme, de « réparer le contrat social ». Comment un contrat social peut-il être établi dès lors qu’une partie du « social » s’articule à ce que Deleuze et Guattari ont analysé comme un ensemble de « groupes assujettis » (par opposition à des groupes-sujets, c’est-à-dire des ensembles non identitaires, par exemple non assujettis à une identité de genre) ? Et comment penser les interstices d’un nouveau féminisme sans continuer à croire au concept binarisant de « domination », que les analyses de Michel Foucault ont revisité de façon convaincante pour lui substituer un tout autre niveau d’analyses, à savoir celui d’une microphysique du pouvoir ? Comment repenser le corps social dessiné par un « après #MeToo » en lui inventant un contre-discours qui ne se laisse pas prendre au piège de notions et de catégories oppositionnelles simplistes ?
Les trois lectures présentées ici émanent de champs disciplinaires différents.
Dans une perspective féministe non binaire qui décrypte les différences majeures entre les mobilisations post-1968 et les luttes présentes, Marie-Dominique Garnier interroge la notion désormais centrale de consentement dans la pensée française, Annie Benveniste revient sur la médiatisation en France de #MeToo un an après, et Monique Selim dévoile les enchaînements sémantiques et conceptuels qui travaillent au succès de #MeToo.
Bildgebende Diagnostik bei Rechtsherzerkrankungen
Authors: Hammerstingl Christoph , Bernhardt Peter 
Published: May 2019

ZusammenfassungErkrankungen des rechten Herzens wurden über viele Jahre hinweg nicht als prognostisch relevant erachtet. Die Erkenntnis über den progressiven Verlauf unterschiedlicher Pathologien mit einem direkten Einfluss auf das Outcome der betroffenen Patienten rückt moderne, teils experimentelle Therapieverfahren aktuell zunehmend in den Fokus der medizinischen Aufmerksamkeit. Basis für die Entwicklung neuer therapeutischer Ansätze ist ein grundlegendes Verständnis und die adäquate Darstellung der Anatomie des rechten Herzens und der komplexen Zusammenhänge mit der pulmonalen Hämodynamik. Unterschiedliche bildgebende Verfahren werden bereits eingesetzt für die Beurteilung der Anatomie und pathologischer Veränderungen des rechten Herzens.
Influence of video-based feedback on self-assessment accuracy of endoscopic skills: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Scaffidi Michael , Walsh Catharine , Khan Rishad , Parker Colleen , Al-Mazroui Ahmed , Abunassar Michael , Grindal Alexander , Lin Peter , Wang Christopher , Bechara Robert , Grover Samir 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Background and study aims Novice endoscopists are inaccurate in self-assessment of procedures. One means of improving self-assessment accuracy is through video-based feedback. We aimed to determine the comparative effectiveness of three video-based interventions on novice endoscopists’ self-assessment accuracy of endoscopic competence.
Materials and methods Novice endoscopists (performed < 20 previous procedures) were recruited. Participants completed a simulated esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) on a virtual reality simulator. They were then randomized to one of three groups: self-video review (SVR), which involved watching a recorded video of their own performance; benchmark review (BVR), which involved watching a video of a simulated EGD completed by an expert; and self- and benchmark video (SBVR), which involved both videos. Participants then completed two additional simulated EGD cases. Self-assessments were conducted immediately after the first procedure, after the video intervention and after the additional two procedures. External assessments were conducted by two experienced endoscopists, who were blinded to participant identity and group assignment through video recordings. External and self-assessments were completed using the global rating scale component of the Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Competency Assessment Tool (GiECAT GRS).
Results Fifty-one participants completed the study. The BVR group had significantly improved self-assessment accuracy in the short-term, compared to the SBVR group (P = .005). The SBVR group demonstrated significantly improved self-assessment accuracy over time (P = .016). There were no significant effects of group or of time for the SVR group.
Conclusions Video-based interventions, particularly combined use of self- and benchmark video review, can improve accuracy of self-assessment of endoscopic competence among novices.
Der infarktbedingte kardiogene Schock
Authors: Dörr Oliver , Hamm Christian , Nef Holger M. 
Published: May 2019

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGDie Prognose der Patienten im kardiogenen Schock kann durch eine frühzeitige invasive Diagnostik und rasche Myokardrevaskularisation verbessert werden. Hierbei hat sich die PCI der Culprit-Lesion gegenüber der kompletten Revaskularisation in der Akutphase als überlegen gezeigt. Durch mechanische Unterstützungssysteme konnte eine Prognoseverbesserung erzielt werden, deren Vorteil allerdings durch weitere prospektive Studien validiert werden muss.
Electronic properties study of reaction mechanism of C-N bonding formation in Ac-DT-NH2and Ac-TD-NH2peptide by ab initio computational on HF/6-31g** level
Authors: Siahaan Parsaoran , Sipangkar Marta J , Milatus Salimah Siti Nur , Aminin Agustina L N , Asyari Mukhammad , Laksitorini Marlyn Dian 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe peptide has many functions, which one of the function is delivering the drug to overcome some diseases in the brain. However, drug delivery to the brain is hindered by the paracellular pathway of Blood Brain Barrier (BBB). This pathway has a tight junction or a tight intersection which is the result of naturally intercellular cadherin-cell interactions. One approach to increase delivering of drug to the brain is by increasing the porosity of the paracellular pathway of tight junction which was already done by modulating the intercellular cadherin-cell interactions using the synthesized ADTC-1 (Ac-ADTPPVC-NH2) peptide which derived from natural cadherin. One the sequence of two amino acids in ADTC-1 peptide is Ac-DT-NH2between aspartate (D) and threonine (T) amino acids which is similar within natural cadherin and is not Ac-TD-NH2. So that, the purpose of this reseach is to prove and determine the most preferred reaction mechanism between Ac-DT-NH2and Ac-TD-NH2peptide which occurred in natural cadherin. In this study, the computational approach on the level of theory and basis set HF/SCF 6-31g ** was used to calculate the electronic properties of all molecules involved in Ac-DT-NH2and Ac-TD-NH2peptide synthesis to prove and determine the most preferred reaction mechanism. The results show that the I reaction mechanism which produced Ac-DT-NH2peptide formed with the activation energy Ea was 1329.23 kJmol−1. While the IV reaction mechanism which produced Ac-TD-NH2peptide had Ea 2470.19 kJmol−1. The study concluded that the I reaction mechanism produced Ac-DT-NH2which is similar within natural cadherin synthesis was proved more easily and preferred than the IV reaction mechanism. Both the I and IV reaction mechanisms were exothermic with ΔH reaction enthalpy -6.075 kJmol−1and -6.092 kJmol−1respectively.
The effect of various heating rate and final temperature towards heating value and activation energy on rice husk pyrolysis
Authors: Pranoto  , Himawanto Dwi Aries , Fawazeni Faisal Atif 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Rice husk was residual waste which had content such other biomass, however it was still classified low in utilizing, thus it was needed efforts to improve the using values from the rice, the one of those was pyrolysis process The determination of kinetic parameter was also studied to get the proper conditions where the pyrolysis became easier to occur. The heating rate variations of pyrolysis were 10°C/min, 30°C/min and 60°C/min while the final temperatures were 350°C, 450°C, 500°C and 600°C. The highest heating value of the char product was obtained with 3348.78 cal/g at the final temperature of 550°C and heating rate of 30°C/minute. The highest activation energy was shown at the final temperature of 550°C and heating rate of 60°C/minute. However, as heating value of char product was still under National Indonesian Standard minimal 5000.00 cal/g, thus char was not suitable to be used as an alternative fuel. Conversely, the tar produced has the highest heating value obtained which reached 7340.53 cal/g therefore tar of rice husk was more suitable to be utilized as bio oil.
ZnO based nanowire network for gas sensing applications
Authors: Morisot Fanny , Zuliani Claudio , Luque Joaquim , Ali Zeeshan , Mouis Mireille , Nguyen Viet Huong , Muñoz-Rojas David , Lourhzal Oumayma , Texier Michael , Cornelius Thomas W , Ternon Celine 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
This work reports on the transfer of randomly oriented nanowire networks based on ZnO and Al-doped zinc oxide (AZO) encapsulated ZnO nanowires onto a complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) micro electro mechanical system (MEMS) platform. The substrate consists of an embedded tungsten micro-heater with gold interdigitated electrodes on top of the membrane. The presence of the micro-heater allows to control the operating temperature of the metal oxide material whilst electrodes are used to measure the resistance across the sensing layer. These networks, also called nanonets, are prepared using simple technological steps: (i) nanowire growth, (ii) nanowire dispersion and (iii) nanowire filtration. The characterization of the resulting devices demonstrated for the first time that the transfer of the nanonets on the suspended membrane devices is feasible and does not cause any mechanical failure. Bench testing showed that the resistance of the nanonets responds to the modulation of the operational temperature in line with the semiconductor behaviour of the film. An operational temperature of 370 °C was chosen thus to tune to the resistance in the range of the M Ω and carry out further gas testing which demonstrated that the sensors resistance changed upon exposure to 1.5 ppm of acetone. These tests showed that ZnO and AZO-passivated ZnO nanonets have sensitivity of [1.2–1.3] and [1.1–1.2], respectively, as measured by the ratio between the resistance in air and gas. It was also observed that the sensitivity of the devices prepared using the encapsuled nanonets is more stable than the bare ZnO nanonets.