bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Incidence and attributes of chemotherapy induced myelotoxicity, anemia and neutropenia in adults with cancer in Nepal: A cross-sectional observational study
Authors: Sah Shiv K. , Karn Ambuj , Shah Aarati , Paudel Bishnu D. , Adhikari Kajiram , Acharya Bibek , Chapagain Sandhya 
Published: December 2018

Background Myelosuppression remains a major toxicity in cancer patients receiving chemotherapy, and is associated with considerable morbidity, mortality and cost. Objective The present study aims to investigate the prevalence and incidence of myelotoxicity, anemia and neutropenia in the adult cancer population, and further to determine the factors influencing them. Methods This was a cross-sectional observational study conducted at National Academy of Medical Sciences, Bir Hospital, Kathmandu. A total of 170 subjects eligible for the study were enrolled for analysis. Prevalence and incidence of myelotoxicity anemia, neutropenia and myelotoxicity at enrollment and during study were investigated. Factors influencing development of myelotoxic event were determined. Results Of 170 enrolled patients, the prevalence of myelotoxicity, anemia and neutropenia at enrolment was 54 (31.8%), 20 (11.8%) and 28 (16.6%), respectively, with 27 (16%) mild and 12 (7.1%) moderate type of anemia. Incidence of myelotoxicity, anemia and neutropenia during treatment was 90 (52.94%), 44 (26%) and 53 (31.2%) respectively, with 70 (41.2%) mild, 39 (22.9%) moderate and 5 (2.9%) severe type of anemia. Age (OR: 0.49; p < 0.047), and baseline Hb (OR: 1.29; p < 0.01) were found to be independent predictors associated with anemia. Hb (OR: 2.42, CI: 1.79-3.28; p < 0.001) and smoking (OR: 0.49: p = 0.03) were found to be independent factors associated myelotoxicity. Conclusion Our study confirmed a high incidence rate of myelotoxicity, neutropenia and anemia in a considerable number of Nepalese cancer patients receiving chemotherapy, and that baseline Hb, smoker and older adults are at more risk, these patients should be evaluated carefully and a prophylactic measure should be adopted accordingly so as to prevent toxicity and improve quality of life during cancer treatment.
Pediatric open-globe injury in a university-based tertiary hospital
Authors: AlDahash Faisal , Mousa Ahmed , Gikandi Priscilla W , Abu El-Asrar Ahmed M 
Published: December 2018

Background:To investigate epidemiology, etiology, and outcomes after repair of pediatric open-globe injury.Methods:We retrospectively reviewed medical records of patients ⩽18 years who underwent primary open-globe repair.Results:A total of 213 patients were identified. Male–female ratio was 1.44:1. Type of injury was penetration in 157 (74.4%) cases, rupture in 52 (24.4%) cases, and perforation in 2 (0.9%) cases. Knife injuries were the most common cause, affecting 38/196 (19.4%), followed by metallic object in 37/196 (18.9%) patients, glass in 26/196 (13.3%) patients, and pen or pencil in 24/196 (12.8%). Predictors of good visual outcome defined as (⩾20/40) were good initial visual acuity (⩾20/40; p < 0.0001), time from injury to arrival at the emergency room >24 h (p = 0.038), size of wound less than 10 mm (p < 0.0001), absence of iris prolapse (p < 0.0001), deep anterior chamber at presentation (p < 0.0001), absence of hyphema (p = 0.043), intact lens (p < 0.0001), and no retinal detachment during follow-up (p < 0.0001). A total of 27 (12.7%) cases were documented to have retinal detachment at any time during follow-up period. Predictors of retinal detachment were perforation and rupture (p < 0.0001), whereas penetration was not associated with development of retinal detachment, size of the wound ⩾10 mm (p < 0.0001), initial visual acuity ⩽20/200 (p < 0.0001), lens injury (p < 0.0001), and development of endophthalmitis (p < 0.027). Eight (3.7%) eyes had the clinical diagnosis of posttraumatic endophthalmitis.Conclusions:The most common type of injury was penetration and the most common tool was knife. Visual outcome was affected by the initial presentation. Retinal detachment was a significant predictor of a worse final visual outcome.
Fecal microbiota analysis of polycystic kidney disease patients according to renal function: A pilot study
Authors: Yacoub Rabi , Nadkarni Girish N , McSkimming Daniel I , Chaves Lee D , Abyad Sham , Bryniarski Mark A , Honan Amanda M , Thomas Shruthi A , Gowda Madan , He John C , Uribarri Jaime 
Published: December 2018

Gut bacterial microbiota is altered in patients with advanced renal disease and those on dialysis. However, it is not clear yet what bacterial composition changes are due to the renal insufficiency per se, and what are in result of the accompanying interventions and comorbid conditions. Most studies analyzed diabetic nephropathy, hypertensive nephropathy, and glomerulonephritis patients which might have directly influenced the microbiome regardless of alterations in renal function. We present in this report changes in gut bacterial microbiota in a highly selected group of patients with strict inclusion criteria to eliminate the effects of the confounding factors on the microbiome composition. We conducted multiple analysis approaches according to participants’ renal function to further understand microbiome alteration in different degrees of renal insufficiency. An interesting group of bacteria showed a step-wise change in relative abundance in response to the three groups’ analysis. These bacteria either decreased or increased from mild, moderate to severe renal insufficiency indicating strong and direct effects of the uremic milieu on its relative abundance. We also ran a sensitivity analysis that took into account an assembly of the significant taxa observed in an approach to investigate whether these taxa can fully explain the separation noted between the groups. We determined the projected metabolic pathways altered according to the gut microbiota composition changes. This report not only delineates with a higher certainty the effects of alteration in renal function on the microbiome, but also explores the possible role of dysbiosis on comorbid conditions through alterations in the projected metabolic pathways.Impact statementThe heterogeneity of the renal disease, therapeutic interventions, and the original cause of the renal failure, all directly affect the microbiota. We delineate in this report the direct effect of decreased renal function on the bacterial composition following stringent criteria to eliminate the possibilities of other confounding factors and dissect the direct effects of the uremic milieu. We analyzed the microbiome following three different approaches to further evaluate the effects of mild, moderate and advanced renal insufficiency on the microbiome. We also present here a detailed functional analysis of the projected altered pathways secondary to changes in the microbiome composition.
Impact of blood pressure lowering, cholesterol lowering and their combination in Asians and non-Asians in those without cardiovascular disease: an analysis of the HOPE 3 study
Authors: Pais Prem , Jung Hyejung , Dans Antonio , Zhu Jun , Liu Lisheng , Kamath Deepak , Bosch Jackie , Lonn Eva , Yusuf Salim 
Published: December 2018

Background and design There are limited data on the effects of blood pressure and cholesterol lowering in Asians at intermediate risk and no cardiovascular disease. We report an analysis of the effects of blood pressure and cholesterol lowering in Asians enrolled in the Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation 3 (HOPE 3) trial. Methods We randomly assigned 6241 Asians and 6464 non-Asians at intermediate risk without cardiovascular disease to candesartan 16 mg/hydrochlorothiazide 12.5 mg or placebo and rosuvastatin 10 mg or placebo. The first co-primary outcome was a composite of cardiovascular disease death, myocardial infarction and stroke. The second co-primary outcome additionally included heart failure, cardiac arrest and revascularisation. Median follow-up was 5.6 years. Results Reduction in systolic blood pressure was less among Asians (4.3 vs. 7.7 mmHg for non-Asians, P < 0.0001) mainly due to a lesser effect in Chinese (2.1 mmHg) than in other Asians (7.3 mmHg), reduction in the latter being similar to non-Asians. The effect on the composite outcomes was similar, with no significant benefits from blood pressure lowering for either Asians (Chinese or non-Chinese) or non-Asians. Rosuvastatin reduced low-density lipoprotein cholesterol to a lesser degree in Asians (0.49 mmol/L (–19.1 mg/dL) compared with non-Asians 0.95 mmol/L (−36.7 mg/dL), Pinteraction < 0.0004). Yet both groups had similar reductions in the two co-primary outcomes. There was no increase in permanent medication discontinuation due to muscle-related symptoms in either group. There was an excess in new diabetes in non-Asians (4.70% rosuvastatin, 3.52% placebo, P = 0.025) but not in Asians (3.02% rosuvastatin, 4.04% placebo, P = 0.0342), Pinteraction = 0021. Conclusions Candesartan/hydrochlorothiazide had fewer effects in reducing blood pressure in Chinese and rosuvastatin reduced low-density lipoprotein cholesterol to a lesser extent in Asians compared with non-Asians. There was no overall reduction in clinical events with lowering blood pressure in either Asians or non-Asians, whereas there were clear and consistent benefits with lipid lowering in both. Despite extensive analyses, we have no obvious explanation for the observed findings. Future studies need to include larger numbers of individuals from different regions of the world to ensure that the results of trials are applicable globally.
Association of current Helicobacter pylori infection and metabolic factors with gastric cancer in 35,519 subjects: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Youn Nam Su , Park Bum Joon , Nam Ji Hyung , Ryu Kum Hei , Kook Myeong-Cherl , Kim Jeongseon , Lee Won Kee 
Published: December 2018

BackgroundThe effect of current infection of Helicobacter pylori on gastric cancer has rarely been studied in a large population. We investigated the association of current H. pylori infection and metabolic factors with gastric cancer in a large population.MethodsPersons who made their first visit to the National Cancer Center for a health examination, including endoscopy and H. pylori testing using gastric tissue between 2003 and 2013, were included. The association of H. pylori with gastric cancer was estimated using odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).ResultsAmong 35,519 people, 113 gastric cancer and 158 gastric dysplasia cases were detected. In the adjusted analysis, gastric cancer was associated with current H. pylori infection (OR, 2.39; 95% CI, 1.53–3.74), age (OR, 1.06; 95% CI 1.04–1.08), first‐degree relatives with gastric cancer (OR, 2.08; 95% CI, 1.30–3.32) and hyperglycaemia (OR, 1.66; 95% CI, 1.04–2.65), whereas it was inversely associated with high‐density lipoprotein (HDL) (OR, 0.49; 95% CI, 0.22–0.94). In the subanalysis, gastric cancer was associated with first‐degree relatives with gastric cancer (OR, 3.23; 95% CI, 1.39–7.50) in the absence of H. pylori, whereas it was associated with hyperglycaemia (OR, 1.98; 95% CI, 1.16–3.39) in the presence of H. pylori.ConclusionsGastric cancer was associated with current H. pylori infection, hyperglycaemia, and low HDL levels in a large population.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: A method for spectral image registration based on feature maximum submatrix
Authors: Wang Ke , Wang Huiqin , Wu Meng , Wang Zhan , Liu Jialin 
Published: December 2018

AbstractIn order to solve the geometric offset caused by replacing the filter during imaging of multichannel spectral image data, a multichannel spectral image registration method based on SURF feature merged with maximum submatrix is proposed. Firstly, the feature of multichannel spectral image is extracted by SURF. Then, a perspective transformation is performed to obtain a preliminary registration image. For the problem of invalid areas with zero pixel values appearing at the boundary of the image after registration, the largest submatrix is used to detect the maximum inscribed rectangle of the image to remove the invalid boundary region, and maximize the reserved effective region information. Experimented was processed with multichannel imaging data of murals. Experimental results agree with the theoretic analysis and verified that the proposed registration method is better adapted to image scale and brightness changing. At the same time, it can avoid the influence of invalid regions generated by other registration methods on subsequent spectral reconstruction and color restoration which has better performance.
Έμφυλα στερεότυπα και καταμερισμός στη Μουσική Εκπαίδευση: Η περίπτωση της διδασκαλίας λαϊκών και παραδοσιακών οργάνων σε δύο Μουσικά Σχολεία της περιφέρειας
Authors: Βερβέρης Αντώνης 
Published: December 2018

Η προσφορά των Μουσικών Σχολείων στο χώρο της λαϊκής και παραδοσιακής μουσικής μπορεί να θεωρηθεί σημαντική, βάσει ενός μεγάλου αριθμού αποφοίτων τους που δραστηριοποιούνται σήμερα επαγγελματικά στο χώρο αυτό. Επιπλέον, με τη διδασκαλία των λαϊκών μουσικών ιδιωμάτων στα σχολεία αυτά, εισέρχονται όλο και περισσότερες γυναίκες σε ένα πεδίο ανέκαθεν ανδροκρατούμενο, με τον ρόλο τους να περιορίζεται κατά το παρελθόν σε αυτόν της τραγουδίστριας. Ενδιαφέρον παρουσιάζει η περίπτωση οργάνων που σταδιακά φαίνεται να προτιμώνται περισσότερο από γυναίκες, ενώ άλλα πάλι έχουν διατηρήσει τον «αντρικό» τους χαρακτήρα. Μέχρι στιγμής, η ξένη βιβλιογραφία πάνω στα έμφυλα στερεότυπα στη Μουσική Εκπαίδευση, και ειδικότερα τη σχέση μεταξύ του φύλου των μαθητών/μαθητριών και του οργάνου που επιλέγουν, είναι ιδιαίτερα πλούσια. Στόχος του άρθρου αυτού είναι η μελέτη αντίστοιχων στερεοτύπων σχετικά με λαϊκά και παραδοσιακά όργανα, με βάση εθνογραφικό υλικό που συλλέχθηκε σε δύο επαρχιακά Μουσικά Σχολεία. Για το σκοπό αυτό ο συγγραφέας προτείνει ένα θεωρητικό μοντέλο, το οποίο αποδίδει στο φύλο αξιολογικό και σίγουρα όχι ουδέτερο χαρακτήρα, μέσω του οποίου νομιμοποιούνται υπάρχουσες ιεραρχίες. Έτσι, κάθε είδους ενασχόληση με τη μουσική που τελείται από γυναίκες αποκτά αυτόματα και χαμηλότερο κύρος, αλλά και αντίστροφα, δραστηριότητες χαμηλού κοινωνικού κύρους αποφεύγονται από τους άντρες και αντιμετωπίζονται ως λιγότερο αρρενωπές.
Impact of eliminating malaria by 2040 on poverty rates among agricultural households in Africa
Authors: Willis Derek W. , Hamon Nick 
Published: December 2018

Background: Reaching the goal of eradicating malaria by 2040, if achieved, would have a profound effect on farmers’ lives in sub-Saharan Africa. Our objective is to examine how achieving that goal would affect poverty rates of agricultural households. Methods: We analyzed the potential impact of eliminating malaria by 2040 on poverty rates among agricultural households in malarious regions of sub-Saharan Africa. Our model used ten scenarios to examine how the impact of eliminating malaria by 2040 on households’ income would affect the number of individuals living on less than $1.90 (2011 PPP) per day. Results: We analyzed ten scenarios for malaria’s impact on agricultural household income from 2018 to 2040 for the approximately 324 million individuals in agricultural households in malarious regions of sub-Saharan Africa in 2018. We found that approximately 53 million to 123 million individuals would escape poverty by 2040 if malaria were eliminated by that year. If the malaria burden in agricultural households remained at its current level through 2040, only 40 million individuals would escape poverty by 2040, a decrease of only 24%. Therefore, the impact of eliminating malaria by 2040, relative to the status quo scenario through 2040, is that approximately 13 million to 84 million individuals in agricultural households will escape poverty. Conclusions: The modeling analysis presented here is meant to be a starting point for additional research into the potential impact of eliminating malaria on the incomes of agricultural households in sub-Saharan Africa. This study could be strengthened with the application of new methods to examine malaria’s impact on the welfare of agricultural households. We recommend the collection and analysis of longitudinal data from agricultural households in future studies of malaria’s impact on these households.
The Polish adaptation of the Suicide Behaviors Questionnaire-Revised by A. Osman et al.
Authors: Chodkiewicz Jan , Gruszczyńska Ewa 
Published: December 2018

Cel pracyCelem przeprowadzonego badania było dokonanie polskiej adaptacji Kwestionariusza Zachowań Samobójczych A. Osmana i współpracowników (Suicide Behaviors Questionnaire Revised - SBQ-R). Kwestionariusz składa się z czterech pytań służących do samoopisowej oceny natężenia tendencji suicydalnych (suicidal behaviors including ideation and attempts).MetodaZbadano 926 osób - studentów oraz słuchaczy studiów podyplomowych łódzkich szkół wyższych. Wśród badanych było 526 kobiet i 400 mężczyzn. Oprócz Kwestionariusza SBQ-R do oceny jego trafności teoretycznej zastosowano Inwentarz Depresji Becka, Skalę Bólu Psychicznego Holdena i wsp. oraz Skalę Poczucia Sensu Życia PIL Crumbaugha i Maholica.WynikiEksploracyjna i konfirmacyjna analiza czynnikowa potwierdziła jednowymiarowy charakter narzędzia. Zgodność wewnętrzna, oceniona na podstawie alfa Cronbacha, wynosiła 0.83. Wyniki kwestionariusza korelują istotnie dodatnio z poziomem depresji i bólu psychicznego oraz ujemnie z poczuciem sensu życia. Osoby, które w przeszłości podejmowały zachowania samobójcze, miewały myśli samobójcze oraz te, u których w rodzinie pochodzenia występowały próby samobójcze lub uzależnienie od alkoholu, charakteryzowały się istotnie wyższym wynikiem uzyskany w SBQ-R.WnioskiRezultat przeprowadzonych prac nad adaptacją Kwestionariusza Zachowań Samobójczych Osmana i współpracowników wskazuje na dobre parametry psychometryczne narzędzia i tym samym przemawia za użytecznością metody w badaniach naukowych oraz w praktyce klinicznej.
JORNAL ESCOLAR: GÊNERO E DISCURSO NO ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL
Authors: Lima Vanessa Wendhausen 
Published: December 2018

O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar, do ponto de vista da Análise Crítica de Gênero (BONINI, 2011), a relação entre gênero e prática social em jornal escolar produzido por alunos de uma turma de correção de fluxo dos anos finais do ensino fundamental de uma escola pública estadual do município de Tubarão, SC. Esta pesquisa é um excerto de um projeto de letramento aplicado em virtude da tese de doutorado da autora e o objeto produzido, um jornal escolar, pretendia favorecer e/ou estimular o compromisso do aluno com sua própria aprendizagem. Tendo em vista a influência da prática social na produção de gênero, este artigo demonstra que um gênero produzido em sala de aula sofre a ação das crenças, histórias, valores e identidades dos indivíduos produtores. Os resultados sugerem, de um lado, que a prática social influencia a produção do gênero jornal escolar e não pode ser excluída do processo de análise genérica; e, de outro, considerando que o gênero é uma materialização discursiva, através do trabalho com gêneros na escola é possível atingir e provocar transformações na dinâmica de funcionamento social dos discursos. O jornal escolar visto como um gênero, demonstra que a escola deve se posicionar para além do estabelecimento de regras de ensino e entender que as influências extraescolares podem estar bem mais presentes do que se previa.
A Resposta de Joseph Raz ao Ferrão Semântico | The answer of Joseph Raz to the Semantic Sting
Authors: Fernandes Gabriel De Carvalho 
Published: December 2018

Este artigo examina a resposta de Joseph Raz ao argumento de Ronald Dworkin conhecido como “ferrão semântico”. Para isso, a crítica dworkiniana ao positivismo será exposta, de modo a se contextualizar o ferrão semântico como um desenvolvimento de sua objeção inicial apresentada no célebre Modelo de Regras (seção 2). Em seguida, apresento a resposta de Raz e a analiso criticamente (seção 3). Minha conclusão é de que ela é uma reação insatisfatória ao argumento de Dworkin. Finalmente, considero alternativas diversas sobre o caminho de diferentes estratégias desenvolvidas para refutar o argumento dworkiniano (seção 4).
Democracia, Direitos Humanos e Direito Natural: crítica à tese de John Finnis sobre o casamento homossexual | Democracy, Human Rights and Natural Law: critique of John Finnis' thesis on homosexual marriage
Authors: Rios Roger Raupp 
Published: December 2018

Examina-se de modo crítico a teoria da lei natural, de John Finnis, e sua defesa contra a possibilidade jurídica de reconhecimento do direito ao casamento entre pessoas do mesmo sexo, a partir de dois pontos de vista: a consistência interna da do referencial finnisiano e sua adequação diante do debate sobre direitos humanos. Examinam-se também as alegações associadas à defesa finnisiana, desde a proeminência de uma dita moral majoritária e da ofensa aos sentimentos públicos, até preocupações com a “promoção da homossexualidade”, suas consequências pretensamente prejudiciais aos menores e a fragilização da instituição do casamento. Apontam-se seus limites e sua incompatibilidade em face dos ideais democráticos que suplantaram os projetos nazi-fascistas no século XX, tomando como caso emblemático a decisão da Suprema Corte dos Estados Unidos no caso “Obergefell vs. Hodges”.
SOBRE A RELAÇÃO ENTRE EPISTEMOLOGIAS E A ROSA DOS VENTOS
Authors: Santos Douglas 
Published: December 2018

Tenho acompanhado com alguma distância as proposições do sr. Boaventura de Souza Santos desde seu Pela Mão de Alice e seus esforços em justificar, identificar ou redefinir os diferentes significados de pós modernidade. Sem dúvida trata-se de um dos autores portugueses contemporâneos dos mais prolixos quando se trata de temas associados a política, sociologia, filosofia ou algo que possa ter algum nome associado a esses. Nas últimas semanas, um de seus artigos chamou minha atenção a ponto de provocar a necessidade de tecer comentários diretos sobre suas proposições: o que trata do conceito de Iluminismo e retoma a noção de uma epistemologia do sul. Para dialogar com o texto de Souza Santos, acabei optando pelo caminho mais longo e tortuoso (principalmente para aqueles que, como eu, já leram o texto aqui comentado): resolvi acompanhar parágrafo por parágrafo, proposição por proposição, inserindo aqui e ali os comentários que considerei pertinentes. Os textos de Souza Santos estão em itálico.
The Orthodontic/Periodontal Interface Part 3
Authors: Griffiths Sarah , El-Kilani Sara , Waring David , Darcey James , Malik Ovais H 
Published: December 2018

Adult patients are increasingly seeking orthodontic treatment. It is essential to establish optimal periodontal health in these patients before embarking on such treatment, which demands the interaction between the general dental practitioner (GDP) and orthodontist for effective management. This article focuses on the management of periodontal disease in orthodontic patients, orthodontic considerations, retention and complications that may arise. This is demonstrated throughout a series of clinical cases treated within a multidisciplinary team. The management of patients with periodontal disease is often challenging; the clinical issues that require consideration are discussed throughout this article. CPD/Clinical Relevance: This article provides a summary of the orthodontic and periodontal implications of different treatment techniques and management for the general practitioner.