bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigation and Observations on the Stability of Water-Oil Ratio WOR during Chemical Floods in Heavy Oil Reservoirs
Authors: Delamaide Eric 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
Long periods of up to several years of production at a Water-Oil Ratio (WOR) at or close to 1 have been observed in polymer floods in heavy oil reservoirs in Western Canada. A similar behavior had been noted by some authors in waterflood projects in heavy oil; however, this has never been documented in chemical floods before. Such long periods of WOR stability at low values, with very unfavorable Mobility Ratios, are not expected from theory. The aim of this paper is to review chemical floods in heavy oil reservoirs in Canada to better understand this phenomenon and try and identify the potential mechanisms by investigating reservoir and operational factors. If the phenomenon can be controlled through adequate operational practices, it would allow to operate chemical floods under very favorable WOR conditions for long periods.
The production data of hundreds of wells in 8 large scale polymer and ASP floods in heavy oil reservoirs in Western Canada has been reviewed to investigate the occurrence of periods of stable WOR close or equal to 1. A significant number of wells that display this kind of behaviour were identified and studied. The impact of Gas Oil Ratio, oil viscosity, injection rate and other factors was analysed to try and identify some potential factors causing the phenomenon.
Long periods of WOR stability at or around 1 have been confirmed in 3 of the 8 chemical floods reviewed; 2 cases are polymer floods and 1 is a mixed polymer/ASP flood. The behaviour has been observed during primary, secondary as well as tertiary polymer flood. There appears to be a link with the injection and liquid production rates i.e. WOR stability occurs in a given range of rates; but no other obvious factors have been identified so far.
The existence of long periods (up to several years) of WOR stability around 1 is documented for the first time in chemical floods in heavy oil reservoirs. This behavior is unexpected from theory and deserves further study; if it could be controlled through adequate operational practices, it would allow to operate chemical floods under very favorable WOR conditions for long periods.
Polymer Injection Pilots in Bhagyam Oil Field and Full Field Polymer Development Planning
Authors: Shankar Vivek , Jain Shakti , Mishra Alok , Seth Saurav , Rautela Chandra Mohan , Jha Bhawesh Chandra 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
The paper describes the experience of polymer injection pilots from both subsurface, surveillance and facilities perspective. It also discusses the optimization approach for revising the full field polymer plans.
Bhagyam is an onshore oil and gas field in Rajasthan, India. The main producing unit is Fatehgarh multi-storied fluvial sand stone of Paleocene age. The oil is moderately viscous (20 cP to 400 cP) with a vertical viscosity gradient. Reservoir quality is excellent with porosity in the range of 25-30% and permeability of 1 to 10 Darcy.
Bhagyam was developed as an edge water injection drive with 153 development wells and put on production in 2012. Polymer flood was recognized early in field life as a viable secondary recovery process. Bhagyam has several characteristics suited for polymer flood like high initial oil saturation, high rock permeability, low reservoir temperature, low connate water and low water salinity. A full field polymer development plan was envisaged in 2013 with a combination of pattern polymer flooding and peripheral polymer injection in water leg. But the field performance under water flood was way below expectations. Along with the fall in crude prices in 2014, the project turned economically unviable.
Two polymer injection pilots were done to de risk the polymer flood. A multi-disciplinary team worked to optimize the pilot and full field development plan and improve the modeling of water flood. The two pilots used skid mounted polymer preparation units installed at the well pad and focused on data gathering. An online viscometer and special sampler with chemical stabilizers were used for polymer viscosity measurements. PLT, IFOs and polymer quality parameters like filter ratio, viscosity etc were also regularly measured. A revamped reservoir model was built for the field which helped better characterize the water flood performance.
The tests were successful with the wells injecting at or better than expected rates. The offset response was good with WOR drop and oil rate increase in many nearby producers. The conformance of some injectors was successfully managed with selective completions installed.
To reduce costs, additional well drilling count was reduced by focusing on high net pay areas, reducing polymer consumption by cutting back on water leg polymer injection, and optimizing polymer viscosity. Pipeline requirements were reduced and polymer injection facilities modified from centralized to skid based. The optimization significantly reduced costs compared to the earlier plan. The economic viability of the project was established at lower oil prices and the modeling efforts along with pilots helped significantly reduce the uncertainty associated with the project.
Justifying exemptions through policy appraisal: ecological ambitions and water policy in France and the United Kingdom
Authors: Boeuf Blandine , Fritsch Oliver , Martin-Ortega Julia 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
The Water Framework Directive aims to achieve ‘good status’ for all water bodies in the European Union. However, exemption clauses enable member states to delay protective measures and to lower water quality objectives. The ambiguity of exemption clauses has led to a plurality of approaches across the continent. They differ as to their political objectives, i.e., the overall ambition displayed in implementing the Directive, and to their methodological choices, i.e., the analytical tools used to justify exemptions. This article argues that those political and methodological dimensions influence each other. Relying on a framework of analysis that integrates key recommendations from the literature, we explore the usage and justification of exemptions in two countries, the United Kingdom and France. Our analysis suggests that analytical methods were often decided so as to reflect the ecological ambitions of a country, and some methodological choices seem to have had unintended consequences for water quality objectives. We conclude that economic methods should be adapted so that they take into account, rather than ignore, the political ambitions of a country in the field of water.
Genetic algorithm hyper-parameter optimization using Taguchi design for groundwater pollution source identification
Authors: Xia Xuemin , Jiang Simin , Zhou Nianqing , Li Xianwen , Wang Lichun 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
Groundwater pollution has been a major concern for human beings, since it is inherently related to people's health and fitness and the ecological environment. To improve the identification of groundwater pollution, many optimization approaches have been developed. Among them, the genetic algorithm (GA) is widely used with its performance depending on the hyper-parameters. In this study, a simulation–optimization approach, i.e., a transport simulation model with a genetic optimization algorithm, was utilized to determine the pollutant source fluxes. We proposed a robust method for tuning the hyper-parameters based on Taguchi experimental design to optimize the performance of the GA. The effectiveness of the method was tested on an irregular geometry and heterogeneous porous media considering steady-state flow and transient transport conditions. Compared with traditional GA with default hyper-parameters, our proposed hyper-parameter tuning method is able to provide appropriate parameters for running the GA, and can more efficiently identify groundwater pollution.
Spirolactones: Recent Advances in Natural Products, Bioactive Compounds and Synthetic Strategies
Authors: Quintavalla Arianna 
Published: March 2018

Background:
The spirocyclic compounds have always aroused a great interest
because this motif is present as structural core in a number of natural products and bioactive
compounds. In particular, the spirolactone moiety has been recognized in a wide array
of natural and non-natural scaffolds showing a variety of useful pharmacological
properties.

Methods:
Extensive literature search using SciFinder (Databases: CA Plus, CAS Registry,
CAS React, Chemlist, Chemcat and Medline) and Web of Science (Database: Web of
Science Core Collection) was conducted.

Results:
Nowadays, many efforts are being devoted to the discovery of new natural products
containing the promising spirolactone framework and to the disclosure of the potential
bioactivities of these chemical entities. Moreover, the medicinal relevance of many
spirolactones makes these scaffolds attractive targets for the design and development of
innovative and efficient synthetic strategies, enabling the construction of complex and
variably substituted products.

Conclusion:
This review gives an overview on the recent advances in the spirolactones
field, in terms of new compounds isolated from natural sources, recently determined bioactivity
profiles and innovative synthetic approaches. The collected data demonstrate the
key role played by spirolactones in medicinal chemistry and the great attention still devoted
by the scientific community to these compounds.
TA-65, A Telomerase Activator improves Cardiovascular Markers in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome
Authors: Fernandez Maria Luz , Thomas Minu Sara , Lemos Bruno S. , DiMarco Diana M. , Missimer Amanda , Melough Melissa , Chun Ock K. , Murillo Ana Gabriela , Alyousef Hana M. , Medina-Vera Isabel 
Published: March 2018

Background:
Telomerase Activator 65 (TA-65), a compound extracted from Astragalus
membranaceus has been used in Chinese traditional medicine for extending lifespan. Scarce information exists on
the effects of TA-65 on parameters of metabolic syndrome (MetS).

Methods:
We recruited 40 patients with MetS to determine the effects of TA-65 on dyslipidemias, hypertension,
and oxidative stress in this at-risk population. The study was a double-blind, randomized crossover design in
which patients were allocated to consume either 16 mg daily of a TA-65 supplement or a placebo for 12 weeks.
Following a 3-week washout, participants were allocated to the alternate treatment for an additional 12 weeks.
Anthropometric and biological markers were measured at the end of each treatment. Plasma lipids, glucose, CReactive
Protein (CRP), liver enzymes, and glycosylated hemoglobin were measured using a Cobas c-111. Inflammatory
cytokines were measured by Luminex technology and markers of oxidative stress by the use of spectroscopy.

Results:
Compared to the placebo period, HDL cholesterol (HDL-C) was higher while body mass index, waist
circumference, and the LDL/HDL ratio were lower (p < 0.05) during TA-65 treatment. In addition, plasma tumor
necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) was lower during the TA-65 period (p< 0.05). Positive correlations were observed in
changes between the placebo and the TA-65 periods in HDL-C and CRP (r = -0.511, p < 0.01), alanine
aminotransferase (r = -0.61, p < 0.001) and TNF-α (r = -0.550, p < 0.001) suggesting that the favorable changes
observed in HDL were associated with decreases in inflammation.

Conclusion:
TA-65 improved key markers of cardiovascular disease risk, which were also associated with reductions
in inflammation.
Protein Stability Determination (PSD): A Tool for Proteomics Analysis
Authors: Panja Anindya Sundar , Nag Akash , Bandopadhyay Bidyut , Maiti Smarajit 
Published: March 2018

Background:Protein Stability Determination (PSD) is a sequence-based bioinformatics tool which was developed by utilizing a large input of datasets of protein sequences in FASTA format. The PSD can be used to analyze the meta-proteomics data which will help to predict and design thermozyme and mesozyme for academic and industrial purposes. The PSD also can be utilized to analyze the protein sequence and to predict whether it will be stable in thermophilic or in the mesophilic environment. </P><P> Method and Results: This tool which is supported by any operating system is designed in Java and it provides a user-friendly graphical interface. It is a simple programme and can predict the thermostability nature of proteins with >90% accuracy. The PSD can also predict the nature of constituent amino acids i.e. acidic or basic and polar or nonpolar etc.Conclusion:PSD is highly capable to determine the thermostability status of a protein of hypothetical or unknown peptides as well as meta-proteomics data from any established database. The utilities of the PSD driven analyses include predictions on the functional assignment to a protein. The PSD also helps in designing peptides having flexible combinations of amino acids for functional stability. PSD is freely available at https://sourceforge.net/projects/protein-sequence-determination.
Preoperative Ultrasonographic Evaluation for Malignancy of Soft-Tissue Sarcoma: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Morii Takeshi , Kishino Tomonori , Shimamori Naoko , Motohashi Mitsue , Ohnishi Hiroaki , Honya Keita , Aoyagi Takayuki , Tajima Takashi , Ichimura Shoichi 
Published: March 2018

Background:
Ultrasonography is useful for distinguishing between benign and malignant soft-tissue tumors. However, no study has focused on its usefulness in the differential diagnosis between low-grade and high-grade soft-tissue sarcomas. We conducted a retrospective study to determine the usefulness of the parameters of ultrasonograph and to develop a practical scoring system for distinguishing between high-grade and low-grade sarcomas.

Methods:
Twenty-two cases of low-grade and 43 cases of high-grade malignant soft-tissue sarcoma were enrolled. Ultrasonography parameters including the longest diameter, depth of the tumor, echogenicity, tumor margin, and vascularity defined according to Giovagnorio’s criteria were analyzed as factors to distinguish between the two types of sarcoma. Significant factors were entered into a multivariate model to define the scores for distinction according to the odds ratio. The usefulness of the score was analyzed via receiver operating characteristic analyses.

Results:
In univariate analysis, tumor margin, echogenicity, and vascularity were significantly different between low- and high-grade sarcomas. In the multivariate regression model, the odds ratio for high-grade vs. low-grade sarcoma was 8.8 for tumor margin, 69 for echogenicity, and 8.3 for vascularity. Scores for the risk factors were defined as follows: 1, ill-defined margin; 2, hypoechoic echogenicity; and 1, type IV in Giovagnorio’s criteria. The sum of each score was confirmed by receiver operating characteristic analysis. The area under the curve was 0.95, with a cut-off score of 3, indicating that the scoring system was useful.

Conclusion:
The ultrasonography parameters of tumor margin, echogenicity, and vascularity are useful for distinguishing between low- and high-grade sarcomas.
Improving Implementation of eMental Health for Mood Disorders in Routine Practice: Systematic Review of Barriers and Facilitating Factors
Authors: Vis Christiaan , Mol Mayke , Kleiboer Annet , Bührmann Leah , Finch Tracy , Smit Jan , Riper Heleen 
Published: March 2018

Background
Electronic mental health interventions (eMental health or eMH) can be used to increase accessibility of mental health services for mood disorders, with indications of comparable clinical outcomes as face-to-face psychotherapy. However, the actual use of eMH in routine mental health care lags behind expectations. Identifying the factors that might promote or inhibit implementation of eMH in routine care may help to overcome this gap between effectiveness studies and routine care.

Objective
This paper reports the results of a systematic review of the scientific literature identifying those determinants of practices relevant to implementing eMH for mood disorders in routine practice.

Methods
A broad search strategy was developed with high sensitivity to four key terms: implementation, mental health care practice, mood disorder, and eMH. The reach, effectiveness, adoption, implementation, and maintenance (RE-AIM) framework was applied to guide the review and structure the results. Thematic analysis was applied to identify the most important determinants that facilitate or hinder implementation of eMH in routine practice.

Results
A total of 13,147 articles were screened, of which 48 studies were included in the review. Most studies addressed aspects of the reach (n=33) of eMH, followed by intervention adoption (n=19), implementation of eMH (n=6), and maintenance (n=4) of eMH in routine care. More than half of the studies investigated the provision of mental health services through videoconferencing technologies (n=26), followed by Internet-based interventions (n=20). The majority (n=44) of the studies were of a descriptive nature. Across all RE-AIM domains, we identified 37 determinants clustered in six main themes: acceptance, appropriateness, engagement, resources, work processes, and leadership. The determinants of practices are expressed at different levels, including patients, mental health staff, organizations, and health care system level. Depending on the context, these determinants hinder or facilitate successful implementation of eMH.

Conclusions
Of the 37 determinants, three were reported most frequently: (1) the acceptance of eMH concerning expectations and preferences of patients and professionals about receiving and providing eMH in routine care, (2) the appropriateness of eMH in addressing patients’ mental health disorders, and (3) the availability, reliability, and interoperability with other existing technologies such as the electronic health records are important factors for mental health care professionals to remain engaged in providing eMH to their patients in routine care. On the basis of the taxonomy of determinants of practices developed in this review, implementation-enhancing interventions can be designed and applied to achieve better implementation outcomes. Suggestions for future research and implementation practice are provided.
EXOTIC FRUITS AND VEGETABLE FOOD AS NUTRITIONAL SUPPLEMENT FOR DIABETES, OBESITY AND METABOLIC DISEASES
Authors: Joshi Shraddha , Jadhav Varsha , Kadam Vilasrao 
Published: March 2018

The most challenging diseases such as obesity and diabetes are growing wider and its treatment is a major challenge for healthcare professionals. Most of these metabolic diseases are because of the impact of lifestyle on health. Many studies have recognized a high intake of fruits, greens and other vegetables, nuts and pulses play an important role in our daily diet. Biological constituents are important to combat such diseases and can act as nutritional supplements for treatment of diabetes, cancer, obesity and cardiovascular diseases. The aim of this article is to explore the role of all these exotic fruits and vegetable food in the pathophysiology of metabolic diseases and in alteration of diabetes and obesity.
COMPUTATIONAL DOCKING AND IN SILICO ANALYSIS OF POTENTIAL EFFLUX PUMP INHIBITOR PUNIGRATANE
Authors: Rafiq Zumaana , Sivaraj Saranya , Vaidyanathan Rama 
Published: March 2018

Objective: Efflux-mediated resistance is a growing therapeutic complication as it reduces the efficacy of antibiotics. In gram-negative bacteria like E. coli and K. pneumoniae, this can be overcome with the help of efflux pump inhibitors (EPI) targeted at the transporter protein AcrB that plays a key role in binding to antibiotics. Our study focuses on the potential EPI Punigratane isolated from the rind of Punica granatum. Using computational docking analysis and in silico analysis, our aim is to determine whether Punigratane has the ability to interact and inhibit the AcrB pump and whether it has drug viability.Materials: Computational docking analyses were carried out using the online platforms Mcule and PatchDock. Drug-likeness and classification of Punigratane was predicted using online tools PreADMET and SuperPred. Admet SAR and Toxicity Checker at Mcule were used to predict ADME (absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion) and overt toxicity properties.Results: Punigratane was computationally docked with 57 AcrB crystal structures available at the PDB database to determine whether it could bind to the active site regions. It was found to bind in the periplasmic region close to the substrate bile acid where it is thought to bring about inhibition by steric hindrances. When docked with AcrB mutant (AcrB N109A), it was found to bind in the same periplasmic site as the substrates (EtBr, Rhodamine 6G, Ciprofloxacin, Bile acid) as well as the inhibitor (phenylalanine-arginine β-naphthylamide-PaβN). When docked in the active site of the inhibitor MBX2319, it was found to have a comparable docking score as well as the same hydrophobic interactions as the inhibitor. In silico analysis showed that Punigratane exhibited a drug-likeness to the inhibitor MBX2319 and that its drug classification is similar to antimicrobial agents. It was also found be a potential drug due to its intestinal absorption, increased bioavailability and non-toxic nature.Conclusion: Therefore our report shows that Punigratane could be a potential drug candidate that inhibits efflux activity by interacting and inhibiting the AcrB efflux pump.
“Fighting the Same Old Battle”: Obscured Oil Sands Entanglements in Press Coverage of Indigenous Resistance in the Winter of 1983
Authors: Audette-Longo Patricia H. 
Published: March 2018

Background This article examines a week-long road blockade that took place in northern Alberta in January, 1983, organized by members of the Fort McKay First Nation and the Fort McKay Métis Community. The communities leveraged their blockade against a logging company, expanding the conversation to demand compensation, tougher oil sands pollution management, and better healthcare access. Analysis A critical discourse analysis of newspaper coverage of the blockade in the local Fort McMurray Today and the provincial Edmonton Journal shows how links between the blockade and broader oil sands politics were minimized. Conclusions and implications The article closes with considerations for contemporary journalistic practices of covering oil development, energy politics, and Indigenous resistance.Contexte Cet article examine le blocus d’une semaine organisé par la Première Nation de Fort McKay et la Communauté Métis de Fort McKay au nord de l’Alberta en janvier 1983. Ces communautés ont mis à profit leur blocus contre une entreprise forestière pour demander des compensations, une gestion plus stricte de la pollution provenant des sables bitumineux et un meilleur accès aux soins.Analyse Une analyse critique du discours utilisé pour parler du blocus dans les journaux, au niveau local dans le Fort McMurray Today et au niveau provincial dans le Edmonton Journal, démontre comment les liens entre le blocus et les politiques plus larges des sables bitumineux ont été minimisés.Conclusion et implications L’article conclut avec des considérations pour les pratiques journalistiques contemporaines dans la couverture du développement pétrolier, politiques énergétiques et résistance autochtone.