bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Active House and user-friendly visualization of sensors’ monitored data: VELUXlab, a real cognitive and smart NZEB prototype
Authors: Imperadori M , Brunone F 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
European standards had already set Nearly Zero Energy Buildings (NZEB) as the current and mandatory goal for the construction market. Thus, several design strategies have been developed, in order to define the best practices towards NZEB targets: high performances of construction components, integrated with high energy-efficiency solutions for building systems. The Active House Vision and evaluative approach on buildings summarize the current protocols, accounting the three principles of Comfort, Energy and Environment to parametrically design and assess buildings until their “as-built” status. However, at that point of the design process, this evaluation relies mainly on design simulations, which do not properly consider the occupants’ component, resulting in a gap between forecast and real performances. Since predictive models of users-building interactions are underway, the paper focuses on the building operation stage of existing and validated NZEBuildings, addressing the performance-gap as related to the final users’ mismanagement of the building system (envelope and installations). Referring to cognitive buildings as sensors-equipped and smart Active Houses, the method proposes a user-friendly visualization of (big) real-data as a possible solution for the final-user training and awareness. This approach has been applied to the case study of VELUXlab, a real building prototype of Politecnico di Milano, already validated as the first Italian NZEB inside a university campus and “as-built” Active House. The outcomes of the paper enhance the potentials of the current knowledge and design practice to achieve a sustainable and healthier built environment, looking at the future but working today.
NZEB schools: global sensitivity analysis to optimize design features of school buildings
Authors: Bazzocchi F , Ciacci C , Naso V Di , Rocchetti A 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
In the context of “2030 climate & energy framework” and “2050 low-carbon economy” it is essential to understand which the elements that affect most buildings energy needs are. The main aim of this study is to identify and to optimize these factors in order to improve energy performance of schools by minimizing energy consumption. The study presented was carried out through a sensitivity analysis in order to determine which factors most affect energy consumption with respect a school typological model adopted as the reference model considering climate zones D and B. The analysis evaluated: shape, different materials for insulation, thickness of insulation layer for façade and for roof, window to wall ratio (WWR) for each orientation, type of solar shading for south orientation, integration of vertical solar shading for east and west orientation, contribution of ventilation and some parameters related to systems. Results pointed out that for this type of buildings the ventilation requirements for air changes is the factor that most affects the energy demand both for heating and cooling. At the same time also the variation of shape, of thickness insulation layer for roof and of WWR influence is significant.
Product Data Management for Sustainability: An Interoperable Approach for Sharing Product Data in a BIM Environment
Authors: Lucky M N , Pasini D , Spagnolo S Lupica 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Several research and development projects in the construction industry show the need of coherent product libraries to ease information sharing among involved stakeholders. In these projects, designers are often the main actors addressed in the creation and fruition of such product libraries. Besides designers, the presented research addresses the needs of manufacturers, clients and users. To achieve this coherence of product libraries, there are issues such as standardisation of product data templates, numerosity and heterogeneity of products categories, interoperability in sharing data and scarce thrust of manufacturers in developing extensive libraries. Considering the European directives and regulations, manufacturers are required to provide detailed and structured information about their products, e.g. in the form of CE marks and/or Declaration of Performance (DOP). Hence, developing data structures that are already compliant with CE marks and DOPs information requirements improves manufacturers’ capability of promoting their products. Moreover, this makes clients and users aware of provided information, giving them the possibility of comparing performances of different products and consequently choosing only those products that fit better their needs. The aim of the here described research activity is twofold: defining a common data structure for product data and using existing technologies to share these data. The presented research proposes a conceptual model for providing such structure for product data to facilitate Product Data Management (PDM). This structure relies on standardised Product Data Templates (PDT) and Product Data Sheets (PDS) for enhancing the sharing process within to a Building Information Modelling (BIM) environment. Moreover, an eXtensible Markup Language (XML) structure has been developed for transferring product data allowing a machine-readable exchange of information. The result of the described research is the definition of information requirements for developing an online product library that permits a user-friendly consultation by stakeholders and an automated extraction of data by software.
Industry 4.0 for failure information management within Proactive Maintenance
Authors: Talamo C , Paganin G , Rota F 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
I4.0 revolution is permeating every technical sector, by promoting deployment of enabling technologies (ETs), also in the facility management (FM) discipline. As FM regards the integration of processes within an organization to support activities, it is clear how ETs can trigger, in the FM area, significant innovations like a better failure knowledge management and a sustainable use of resources. More specifically, the implementation in building maintenance of dynamic systems, linked to sensors networks, can allow changes into knowledge management and FM decision-making processes. Starting from these premises, the paper deals with an ongoing research, whose aim is to investigate how ETs may innovate the traditional maintenance strategies with new approaches in corrective, condition-based and predetermined maintenance. According to the above, building maintenance, which is traditionally reactive, may actually become proactive if failure management policy is set. The aim of this paper is to demonstrate how ETs adoption may promote innovation in FM processes focusing on maintenance in service equipment field. More specifically, an operative and methodological framework for reaching proactive maintenance is described through the support of a case study concerning two major healthcare infrastructures in Italy, managed by a major FM company.
Non-parametric individual treatment effect estimation for survival data with random forests
Authors: Tabib Sami , Larocque Denis 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Motivation
Personalized medicine often relies on accurate estimation of a treatment effect for specific subjects. This estimation can be based on the subject’s baseline covariates but additional complications arise for a time-to-event response subject to censoring. In this paper, the treatment effect is measured as the difference between the mean survival time of a treated subject and the mean survival time of a control subject. We propose a new random forest method for estimating the individual treatment effect with survival data. The random forest is formed by individual trees built with a splitting rule specifically designed to partition the data according to the individual treatment effect. For a new subject, the forest provides a set of similar subjects from the training dataset that can be used to compute an estimation of the individual treatment effect with any adequate method.

Results
The merits of the proposed method are investigated with a simulation study where it is compared to numerous competitors, including recent state-of-the-art methods. The results indicate that the proposed method has a very good and stable performance to estimate the individual treatment effects. Two examples of application with a colon cancer data and breast cancer data show that the proposed method can detect a treatment effect in a sub-population even when the overall effect is small or nonexistent.

Availability and implementation
The authors are working on an R package implementing the proposed method and it will be available soon. In the meantime, the code can be obtained from the first author at sami.tabib@hec.ca.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
A Conceptual Framework for Range-Expanding Species that Track Human-Induced Environmental Change
Authors: Essl Franz , Dullinger Stefan , Genovesi Piero , Hulme Philip E , Jeschke Jonathan M , Katsanevakis Stelios , Kühn Ingolf , Lenzner Bernd , Pauchard Aníbal , Pyšek Petr , Rabitsch Wolfgang , Richardson David M , Seebens Hanno , van Kleunen Mark , van der Putten Wim H , Vilà Montserrat , Bacher Sven 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
For many species, human-induced environmental changes are important indirect drivers of range expansion into new regions. We argue that it is important to distinguish the range dynamics of such species from those that occur without, or with less clear, involvement of human-induced environmental changes. We elucidate the salient features of the rapid increase in the number of species whose range dynamics are human induced, and review the relationships and differences to both natural range expansion and biological invasions. We discuss the consequences for science, policy and management in an era of rapid global change and highlight four key challenges relating to basic gaps in knowledge, and the transfer of scientific understanding to biodiversity management and policy. We conclude that range-expanding species responding to human-induced environmental change will become an essential feature for biodiversity management and science in the Anthropocene. Finally, we propose the term neonative for these taxa.
Reductions in Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Clostridium difficile Infection and Intensive Care Unit–Acquired Bloodstream Infection Across the United Kingdom Following Implementation of a National Infection Control Campaign
Authors: Edgeworth Jonathan D , Batra Rahul , Wulff Jerome , Harrison David 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Background
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Clostridium difficile infections declined across the UK National Health Service in the decade that followed implementation of an infection control campaign. The national impact on intensive care unit (ICU)-acquired infections has not been documented.

Methods
Data on MRSA, C. difficile, vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE), and ICU–acquired bloodstream infections (UABSIs) for 1 189 142 patients from 2007 to 2016 were analyzed. Initial coverage was 139 ICUs increasing to 276 ICUs, representing 100% of general adult UK ICUs.

Results
ICU MRSA and C. difficile acquisitions per 1000 patients decreased between 2007 and 2016 (MRSA acquisitions, 25.4 to 4.1; and C. difficile acquisitions, 11.1 to 3.5), whereas VRE acquisitions increased from 1.5 to 5.9. There were 13 114 UABSIs in 1.8% of patients who stayed longer than 48 hours on ICU. UABSIs fell from 7.3 (95% confidence interval [CI], 6.9–7.6) to 1.6 (95% CI, 1.5–1.7)/1000 bed days. Adjusting for patient factors, the incidence rate ratio was 0.21 (95% CI, 0.19–0.23, P &lt; .001) from 2007 to 2016. The greatest reduction, comparing rates in 2007/08 and 2015/16, was for MRSA (97%), followed by P. aeruginosa (81%), S. aureus (79%) and Candida spp (72%), with lower reductions for the coliforms (E. coli 57% and Klebsiella 49%).

Conclusions
Large decreases in ICU-acquired infections occurred across the UK ICU network linked with the first few years of a national infection control campaign, but rates have since been static. Further reductions will likely require a new intervention framework.
Potential Antigenic Mismatch of the H3N2 Component of the 2019 Southern Hemisphere Influenza Vaccine
Authors: Gouma Sigrid , Weirick Madison , Hensley Scott E 
Published: July 2019

AbstractHere, we find that the egg-adapted H3N2 component of the 2019 Southern Hemisphere influenza vaccine elicits an antibody response in ferrets that is highly focused on antigenic site A of hemagglutinin. This is potentially problematic as most H3N2 viruses currently circulating in the Southern Hemisphere possess antigenic site A substitutions.
Cost-effectiveness of Direct Antiviral Agents for Hepatitis C Virus Infection and a Combined Intervention of Syringe Access and Medication-assisted Therapy for Opioid Use Disorders in an Injection Drug Use Population
Authors: Stevens Elizabeth R , Nucifora Kimberly A , Hagan Holly , Jordan Ashly E , Uyei Jennifer , Khan Bilal , Dombrowski Kirk , des Jarlais Don , Braithwaite R Scott 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundThere are too many plausible permutations and scale-up scenarios of combination hepatitis C virus (HCV) interventions for exhaustive testing in experimental trials. Therefore, we used a computer simulation to project the health and economic impacts of alternative combination intervention scenarios for people who inject drugs (PWID), focusing on direct antiviral agents (DAA) and medication-assisted treatment combined with syringe access programs (MAT+).MethodsWe performed an allocative efficiency study, using a mathematical model to simulate the progression of HCV in PWID and its related consequences. We combined 2 previously validated simulations to estimate the cost-effectiveness of intervention strategies that included a range of coverage levels. Analyses were performed from a health-sector and societal perspective, with a 15-year time horizon and a discount rate of 3%.ResultsFrom a health-sector perspective (excluding criminal justice system–related costs), 4 potential strategies fell on the cost-efficiency frontier. At 20% coverage, DAAs had an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of $27 251/quality-adjusted life-year (QALY). Combinations of DAA at 20% with MAT+ at 20%, 40%, and 80% coverage had ICERs of $165 985/QALY, $325 860/QALY, and $399 189/QALY, respectively. When analyzed from a societal perspective (including criminal justice system–related costs), DAA at 20% with MAT+ at 80% was the most effective intervention and was cost saving. While DAA at 20% with MAT+ at 80% was more expensive (eg, less cost saving) than MAT+ at 80% alone without DAA, it offered a favorable value compared to MAT+ at 80% alone ($23 932/QALY).ConclusionsWhen considering health-sector costs alone, DAA alone was the most cost-effective intervention. However, with criminal justice system–related costs, DAA and MAT+ implemented together became the most cost-effective intervention.
Tolerable ranges of variation in the rate of capacity utilisation and corridor instability: a reply to Florian Botte
Authors: Setterfield Mark 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThis reply to Botte (2019, Estimating normal rates of capacity utilization and their tolerable ranges: a comment on Mark Setterfield, Cambridge Journal of Economics, forthcoming) responds to criticisms of the methods used to estimate the normal rate of capacity utilisation and a tolerable interval of variation in the actual rate of capacity utilisation around the normal rate in Setterfield (2019a, Long-run variation in capacity utilization in the presence of a fixed normal rate, Cambridge Journal of Economics, vol. 43, no. 2, 443–63). It concludes with some further reflections on the concept of corridor instability.
Viewpoint: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases Among Immigrants From Low- to High-Incidence Countries: Opportunities and Considerations
Authors: Agrawal Manasi , Burisch Johan , Colombel Jean-Frederic , C. Shah Shailja 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The inflammatory bowel diseases [IBDs], inclusive of Crohn’s disease [CD] and ulcerative colitis [UC], are chronic, progressive immune-mediated diseases associated with high morbidity and substantial economic impact. The pathogenesis implicates a complex interaction between environmental determinants and genetic susceptibility. Of concern, the incidence and prevalence of IBD are increasing globally, with the highest relative increase observed in developing and recently developed countries. One high-risk yet underappreciated population is immigrants from countries of low to high IBD incidence, as evidenced by epidemiologic studies demonstrating higher risk of IBD among second- versus first-generation and younger versus older immigrants from low- to high-incidence countries [LTHICs]. The reasons underlying these emerging patterns among immigrants are incompletely understood and provide enormous opportunities to better define the pathophysiology of IBD and move toward disease prevention or at least earlier diagnosis. The rapidity of this epidemiologic shift in the demographic profile of IBD, which was traditionally a disease of Caucasians in industrialized countries, strongly implicates non-genetic factors and gene–environment interactions in the pathophysiology of IBD among immigrants from LTHICs. The primary objectives of this Viewpoint are to [1] provide a focused overview of IBD epidemiology among immigrants from countries at differential IBD risk; [2] emphasize the potential to advance our understanding of IBD pathogenesis via targeted research efforts to delineate risk and protective determinants in this cohort; and [3] highlight disparities and barriers in IBD care, as well as the economic implications of the rising, yet underappreciated, disease burden among immigrants from LTHICs.
Fragility of identification in panel binary response models
Authors: Forchini Giovanni , Jiang Bin 
Published: July 2019

Summary
The present paper considers a linear binary response model for panel data with random effects that differ across individuals but are constant over time, and it investigates the roles of the various assumptions that are used to establish conditions for identification. The paper also shows that even for this simple model, it is always possible—including in the logistic case—to find a distribution of the random effects given the exogenous variables, such that the slopes' parameters are arbitrarily different, but the joint distributions of the binary response variables are arbitrarily close.
ADAPT-treated pericardium for aortic valve reconstruction in congenital heart disease: histological analysis of a series of human explants
Authors: Nordmeyer Sarah , Kretzschmar Johanna , Murin Peter , Cho Mi-Young , Foth Rudi , Schlichting Uwe , Berger Felix , Ovroutski Stanislav , Photiadis Joachim , Sigler Matthias 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
Different types of patch materials are used for aortic valve repair in children with congenital aortic valve disease to avoid early valve replacement. CardioCel© (Admedus, Toowong, QLD, Australia) consists of bovine pericardium treated with the ADAPT method (Admedus’ proprietary tissue engineering process).

METHODS
Our goal was to describe tissue reactions in 12 explanted aortic valve leaflet specimens (augmented or replaced with CardioCel patch material) (11 explanted surgically, 1 autopsy). Explantation was performed during reoperation after aortic valve repair, necessitated by aortic valve stenosis in 5, aortic valve insufficiency in 2, combined aortic valve lesions in 3 patients and endocarditis in 1 patient. One patient died of sudden left heart failure 28 months after aortic valve repair. At the last documented follow-up of this patient at 22 months, he showed mild aortic valve stenosis and insufficiency. Implantation time (time between implantation and explantation) of CardioCel patches was a median of 25 (range 11–47) months. Explants were examined using a uniform protocol with methylmethacrylate and/or paraffin embedding after fixation in formalin. Besides standard histological staining, von Kossa (for identification of calcifications) and immunohistochemical stains were applied with antibodies specific for muscular, inflammatory and connective tissue component antigens. Findings regarding the extent of appositional growth on top of the patch consisting of fibroblasts and extracellular matrix components, calcification, and inflammation were rated using a 4-grade scale (G0 no/G1 few/G2 moderate/G3 massive).

RESULTS
Superficial endothelialization was demonstrated in all patients by immunohistochemical analysis. Nine specimens showed mild inflammatory cell infiltration (G1) (G2: n = 3). Significant appositional growth on top of the patch due to addition of fibroblasts and extracellular matrix components, was seen in all specimens (G1: n = 1; G2: n = 7; G3: n = 4). Ten of 12 samples with implant times of 23 months or longer revealed calcifications (G1: n = 6; G2: n = 3; G3: n = 1). Two specimens with the shortest implant times (11 and 20 months) showed no calcifications (G0). Thrombus apposition with granulocyte infiltration was demonstrated in the specimen of the patient with endocarditis.

CONCLUSIONS
In our cohort, all CardioCel patches used for aortic valve repair in patients with congenital heart disease demonstrated appositional growth of fibroblasts and extracellular matrix components, and calcification after an implant time of at least 23 months.
The effectiveness of mandibular advancement devices in the treatment of obstructive sleep apnoea in adults: a methodological quality assessment of systematic reviews
Authors: Incerti Parenti Serena , Aroni Elena , Laffranchi Laura , Paganelli Corrado , Alessandri-Bonetti Giulio 
Published: July 2019

Summary

Background and objectives
There is growing interest in the use of mandibular advancement devices (MADs) for the treatment of obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA). Many systematic reviews (SRs) have investigated their effectiveness, but the applicability of SR results is affected by their methodological quality. This study critically appraises the methodological quality of SRs on this topic using a more detailed and updated version of A MeaSurement Tool to Assess systematic Reviews (AMSTAR).

Materials and methods
The literature was searched for SRs on MAD effectiveness in adults (≥18 years of age) for OSA treatment as compared with other non-surgical or surgical interventions or no intervention. Any objective or subjective measures of treatment outcome were considered eligible. AMSTAR2 was used to assess methodological quality.

Results
The literature search yielded 64 potential reports; 10 met the eligibility criteria. All SRs had more than one critical flaw in AMSTAR2, so their methodological quality was rated as critically low. The most common issues included non-registration of study protocol, absence of list of excluded studies, no acknowledgment of fundings of included studies, no impact of risk of bias on SR results or interpretation and discussion of results, and data extraction not in duplicate.

Limitations
If a SR was not clearly identified by title or abstract as a SR or meta-analysis, it may have been missed during the screening process.

Conclusions
The methodological quality of SRs was suboptimal and warrants further improvement in order to provide strong evidence of MAD effectiveness and increase applicability of SR results for clinical decision-making.