bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The association of human milk intake and outcomes in biliary atresia
Authors: Tessier Mary Elizabeth M. , Schraw Jeremy M. , Beer Stacey , Harpavat Sanjiv , Kyle Jensen M. , Magee John C. , Ng Vicky , Scheurer Michael E. , Taylor Sarah A. , Shneider Benjamin L. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractObjectivesHuman milk intake has many benefits which could influence outcomes in biliary atresia (BA). However, the role of human milk in BA has not been examined. We hypothesized that human milk intake would be associated with improved outcomes in BA.MethodsWe assessed the impact of any human milk (AHM) as compared to formula only (FO) intake before Kasai portoenterostomy (KP) on outcomes in 447 infants with BA using the PROBE database (NCT00061828) post hoc. The primary outcome was clearance of jaundice (COJ = total bilirubin (TB) < 2 mg/dL by 3 months post‐KP). Secondary outcomes included 2‐year survival with native liver (SNL), bilirubin levels, cholangitis, ascites, and growth. We assessed the fecal microbiome (n = 8) comparing AHM versus FO.ResultsAt baseline, 211 infants received AHM and 215 received FO. 53.9% of AHM and 50.5% of FO achieved COJ (p = NS). SNL was insignificantly increased in AHM (odds ratio = 1.47, 95% confidence interval: 1.00–2.12, p = 0.053). TB decreased in AHM from 4 weeks to 3 months post‐KP [4.8–4.0 mg/dL (p = 0.01)] unlike the FO group (4.9–4.9 mg/dL, p = 0.4). At 3 months post‐KP, AHM infants had greater weight gain (1.88 ± 0.66 vs. 1.57 ± 0.73 kg, p < 0.001) and mid‐upper arm circumference (12.9 ± 1.4 vs. 12.2 ± 1.7 cm, p < 0.001). Other secondary outcomes were not different. Microbiome differences were seen between AHM and FO.ConclusionsHuman milk intake in infants with BA did not significantly improve COJ or SNL. However, growth parameters were improved, and TB 3 months post‐KP was decreased. Thus, human milk intake should not be discouraged. Prospective studies with detailed assessment of human milk intake are needed.
Debulking Lymphatic Liposuction: Are the Therapeutic Effects Limited to the Treated Limb?
Authors: Lo Shih‐Lun , Salman Melis , Chen Wei F. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackground and ObjectivesLymphedema treatment has traditionally focused on region‐specific interventions. However, recent evidence suggests otherwise. This study aims to evaluate whether the benefits of liposuction for lymphedema are confined to the treated limb or extend to other areas of the body.MethodsPatients who underwent liposuction for extremity lymphedema between January and June 2023 at Cleveland Clinic were included in the study. Patients with less than 1‐year follow‐up or incomplete post‐operative tracking studies were excluded. Pre‐ and post‐operative evaluations included patient report, 3D volumetric measurements, and indocyanine green lymphography (ICGL). Liposuction was performed under general anesthesia with circumferential removal of pathological bulk.ResultsThirty‐eight limbs in 36 patients (33 females, 3 males, mean age 58 years) underwent surgery. All reported marked improvements, with some noting the improvements as “life‐changing.” Improvements in lymphatic functions were observed in all operative limbs (38) and non‐operative contralateral limbs (38), with an average volume reduction of 30.0% and 19.5%, respectively. ICGL further confirmed improved lymphatic drainage in all limbs (76).ConclusionsLiposuction, traditionally considered a region‐specific treatment for lymphedema, exerts therapeutic effects beyond the surgical site, suggesting broader systemic benefits.
L‐Cysteine‐Bonded Polymeric Monolithic Stationary Phase for Enantioseparation of Dansyl Amino Acids in Capillary Liquid Chromatography
Authors: Anggraeni Ayu Rahayu , Lim Lee Wah , Takeuchi Toyohide 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTA chiral monolith stationary phase was fabricated by modifying the monolith surface using L‐cysteine through a thiol‐epoxy click reaction. L‐cysteine‐bonded polymer monolith was characterized by scanning electron microscopy/energy‐dispersive X‐ray and attenuated total reflectance Fourier‐transformed infrared. The monomer content and modification temperature were carefully optimized to create a polymer monolith with excellent mechanical stability and permeability. Our findings revealed that the column morphology depended significantly on the porogen concentration and modification temperature for its morphology and efficiency. Adequate pores and binding sites were formed with the optimal porogen content, while a higher modification temperature improved the modification yield, enhancing peak shapes and increasing separation efficiency. The column demonstrated its capability for enantioseparation of dansyl glutamic acid, dansyl aspartic acid, dansyl methionine, and dansyl phenylalanine using a 60 mM ammonium acetate buffer solution and acetonitrile in a 20:80 v/v ratio. It maintained good mechanical stability and repeatability with no relative standard deviation exceeding 7%. These results indicated that the L‐cysteine‐bonded polymer monolith has excellent potential as a chiral stationary phase.
Responses of Legume‐Associated Rhizobacterial Communities to Plant Diversity and Soil Traits in Alpine Grassland
Authors: Zhang Ming‐Xu , Hu Jin‐Peng , Li Jia‐Lü , Che Zhuo , Li Li , Lü Zhao‐Long , Dong Wan‐Qing , Zhang Jian‐Quan , Yao Tuo , Duan Ting‐Yu , Zhang Jin‐Lin 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTLegume species are essential components of plant diversity and affect soil biodiversity across various ecosystems. Their effect on the diversity and traits of soil bacteria, particularly in degraded grasslands, remains unknown. This study analysed the relationships among plant diversity, soil traits and legume‐associated rhizobacterial communities in Xiahe (XH) and Maqu (MQ) in Gansu Province, Haibei (HB) in Qinghai Province and Hongyuan (HY) in Sichuan Province in the eastern Qinghai‐Tibetan Plateau (QTP). The diversity index values (coverage, richness, Shannon index and evenness) of legume species were positively correlated with plant diversity. Several soil nutrients (ammonia‐nitrogen, nitrate‐nitrogen, total nitrogen, available potassium, available phosphorus and soil organic matter) and enzymes (urease, sucrase, peroxidase and dehydrogenase) were lower in HB and HY than in XH and MQ. The Shannon index for rhizobacterial diversity was higher in HB and HY than in XH and MQ. In contrast, the diversity index values were higher for geographical locations than for sympatric plant species. Additionally, HB and HY showed 50% fewer positive and negative associations with rhizobacteria than XH and MQ. Functional Annotation of Prokaryotic Taxa analysis indicated a higher relative abundance of nitrate reduction occurred in HB and HY than in XH and MQ, whereas nitrogen fixation occurred at a lower level in HB and HY than in XH and MQ. The Simpson index value for bacterial diversity was positively correlated with plant diversity, legume species diversity and soil multifunctionality. However, the Shannon index value was negatively correlated with these parameters. Changes in the composition of legume‐associated rhizobacteria across different geographical locations are strongly influenced by plant diversity and soil nutrients, reflecting the distribution characteristics of legumes in alpine grasslands.
Perforated plate ventilation system and dynamics of infectious respiratory particle transmission
Authors: Song Caiyue , Cheng Mengmeng , Kong Benben , Zeng Zhuo , Yuan Nenglin , Shi Hong 
Published: November 2024

AbstractWith the removal of indoor pollutants and the assurance of air quality emerging as critical research topics, the optimization of the internal environment in offices, where people stay for extended periods, is essential for controlling the spread of infectious respiratory particles. Frequent movements of personnel and the operation of doors and windows within offices significantly impact the mechanisms of droplet transmission, warranting further investigation. This study employs computational fluid dynamics simulations to explore the droplet dispersion characteristics and pollutant removal efficiency of the simplified model of perforated plate ventilation system (PPVS) (the diameter of the air supply openings has been reasonably simplified and uniformly set to 0.02 m) in office settings, as well as the impact of dynamic door operation scenarios on droplet spread and concentrations in breathing zones. To optimize the ventilation system's pollutant removal efficiency, airflow velocities (2.86, 3.18, and 5.00 m/s) are varied, with simulations conducted at the optimal velocity of 3.18 m/s. The effects of continuous door operations, door‐opening directions (towards the office and towards the isolation room), and opening speeds (π/4, π/6, π/8, and π/10 rad/s) are also examined, revealing significant impacts on droplet spread. Results indicate that PPVS effectively reduces indoor pollutant concentrations at all tested airflow velocities, with the optimal speed identified as 3.18 m/s. Additionally, door‐opening direction and speed can significantly influence droplet spread. Opening doors towards isolation rooms at smaller angles (less than 30°) effectively reduces droplet concentrations in personnel breathing zones, thereby mitigating the risk of droplet transmission. Faster door‐opening speeds also contribute to lower droplet concentrations in these zones. This innovative study explores the impacts of PPVS and dynamic door operation dynamics on droplet transmission during respiratory disease outbreaks, providing valuable theoretical insights and technical support for disease prevention and indoor air quality improvement.
Hypoxia combined with radiation reverses migration and invasion of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma by remodeling extracellular vesicle‐mediated transfer of miR‐23b‐5p from cancer‐associated fibroblasts
Authors: He Chuanshi , Xie Mingzhe , Zhang Zhimi , Cao Bangrong , Luo Huaichao , Zhu Guiquan , Lu Shun , Li Ling 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundCancer‐associated fibroblasts (CAFs), the main matrix components in the tumor microenvironment (TME), play a crucial role in tumor progression. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) as main mediators in intercellular communication can be regulated by hypoxia or radiation.MethodsCAFs were extracted from head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) tissues and CAF‐derived EVs were collected by ultracentrifugation. Bioinformatics analysis determined the role of poly (U)‐specific endonuclease (ENDOU) on HNSCC progression and confirmed that ENDOU inhibited HNSCC progression by overexpressing ENDOU in HNSCC. Dual‐luciferase activity report assay confirmed that miR‐23b‐5p was involved in the regulation of ENDOU expression. The migration and invasion of HNSCC cells were verified by transwell assay. Furthermore, tumor‐bearing mouse models were used to demonstrate the potential of EVs loaded with miR‐23b‐5p in HNSCC to promote tumor progression.ResultsOur results showed that ENDOU was downregulated in HNSCC and inhibited HNSCC migration and invasion. Hypoxia and radiotherapy reversed CAF‐derived EVs to promote migration and invasion of HNSCC. Mechanically, hypoxia and radiation downregulated miR‐23b‐5p in CAF‐derived EVs and then restored ENDOU expression in HNSCC. Finally, CAF‐derived EVs carrying miR‐23b‐5p promoted the progression of HNSCC cells in vivo by regulating ENDOU expression.ConclusionThis study demonstrated that hypoxia combined with radiation reverses the promoting effect of CAFs on HNSCC migration and invasion by reducing the delivery of miR‐23b‐5p by CAF‐derived EVs to decrease the inhibitory effect of ENDOU expression in HNSCC. The results provide a new perspective for better understanding the role of stromal components in TME in tumor regulation. Furthermore, the results provide a strong basis for the possibility of ENDOU as a biomarker for HNSCC.
Length in assessing status of freshwater fish populations: A review
Authors: Miranda L. E. , Funk H. G. , Palmieri M. , Stafford J. D. , Nichols M. E. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Objective
Effective policy formulation regarding the conservation of freshwater fish necessitates an understanding of water-specific prevailing conditions and trends. Assessing fish populations in inland waters is difficult and expensive because there are many independent systems that need to be evaluated. Therefore, numerous freshwater systems are beset by insufficient data and the lack of systematic assessments of their status. To alleviate this deficiency, the objective of this study was to review length-based metrics that may have utility in evaluating the well-being of freshwater fish populations.

Methods
Length measurements can serve as proxies for a range of ecological and population dynamics attributes that are essential for the effective management of fish and associated fisheries. A review of the historical development of length measurements in fish conservation is provided, along with an examination of the potential biases that may arise from the use of lengths in practical contexts. In addition, we examine techniques that enable the spatial and temporal visualization of length data sets, as well as a range of indices and metrics that can be computed using length measurements.

Result
Building populations assessments around length may be a cost-effective strategy that allows a first cut at managing a large number of waters. Length-based assessments can signal if management intervention is necessary, if management policies are yielding the intended outcome, or if surveys beyond mere length are necessary.

Conclusion
Our review indicates that length offers a straightforward and efficient approach to evaluate the status of fish populations in inland systems. We encourage pursuing additional study and to this end propose specific areas for investigation.
The moderating effect of cardiometabolic factors on the association between hepatic and intrapancreatic fat
Authors: Skudder‐Hill Loren , Sequeira‐Bisson Ivana R. , Ko Juyeon , Poppitt Sally D. , Petrov Maxim S. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractObjectivePrevious studies have investigated the association between hepatic fat and intrapancreatic fat deposition (IPFD); however, results have been inconclusive. The presence of cardiometabolic factors in certain subpopulations could explain this discrepancy. The aim of the present study was to use moderation analyses to determine the conditions under which hepatic fat is associated with IPFD.MethodsAll participants underwent 3T abdominal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and spectroscopy. Hepatic fat and IPFD were manually quantified by independent raters. Moderation analyses were performed with adjustment for sex and ethnicity.ResultsThere were 367 participants included. Adjusted analyses of the overall cohort revealed that age, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C), high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL‐C), and triglycerides were significant moderators (p < 0.05) of the association between hepatic fat and IPFD. Ranges of significance included age < 61 years, HbA1c < 45 mmol/mol, LDL‐C < 157 mg/dL, HDL‐C > 36 mg/dL, and triglycerides < 203 mg/dL.ConclusionsThe association between hepatic fat and IPFD is generally present in young and middle‐aged adults with good cardiometabolic health, whereas the link between the two fat depots becomes uncoupled in older adults or individuals with cardiometabolic risk factors.image
A Retrospective Study of Cricotracheostomy: Indications, Techniques, and Clinical Outcomes
Authors: Nanjo Kana , Ueha Rumi , Dealino Maria A. , Matsumoto Naoyuki , Sato Taku , Goto Takao , Kondo Kenji 
Published: November 2024

AbstractObjectivesCricotracheostomy (CT) is a surgical procedure for airway access that can be performed using 2 techniques: excising the cricoid cartilage (CTrach), or by creating an inverted U‐shaped flap from the first tracheal ring (CTrachT). The aims of this study are to clinically evaluate factors such as patient background, complications, and stoma closure status in patients who underwent CT, and to compare the clinical outcomes between CTrach and CTrachT.Study DesignRetrospective, cross‐sectional study.SettingSingle‐institution academic center.MethodsRecords of patients who underwent CT at the University of Tokyo Hospital between 2014 and March 2024 were reviewed, detailing their demographics and clinical characteristics. We investigated differences in clinical backgrounds, complication risks for each surgical procedure, and factors contributing to stoma closure and complications after CT.ResultsThe median age for patients undergoing CT was 70 years, predominantly male (76%), and most were malnourished. Common indications included low‐lying larynx and obesity. Stoma closure was achieved in 16% of patients. Early complications were surgical site infection (9%) and subcutaneous emphysema (2%), with granuloma formation in 20%. The CTrach group had a significantly higher median age (P = .03), but other factors showed no significant differences. CTrachT was more often performed by board‐certified specialists (P = .04). Stoma closure rates and complications were not significantly influenced by any single factor.ConclusionCT presents a viable option with minimal postoperative complications for patients wherein conventional tracheotomy may be more challenging, such as in low‐lying larynx, obesity, advanced age, and poor nutritional status.
Omics Studies in CKD: Diagnostic Opportunities and Therapeutic Potential
Authors: Rroji Merita , Spasovski Goce 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTOmics technologies have significantly advanced the prediction and therapeutic approaches for chronic kidney disease (CKD) by providing comprehensive molecular insights. This is a review of the current state and future prospects of integrating biomarkers into the clinical practice for CKD, aiming to improve patient outcomes by targeted therapeutic interventions. In fact, the integration of genomic, transcriptomic, proteomic, and metabolomic data has enhanced our understanding of CKD pathogenesis and identified novel biomarkers for an early diagnosis and targeted treatment. Advanced computational methods and artificial intelligence (AI) have further refined multi‐omics data analysis, leading to more accurate prediction models for disease progression and therapeutic responses. These developments highlight the potential to improve CKD patient care with a precise and individualized treatment plan
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Preparation of Lipid–Polymer Conjugates by Photoiniferter Polymerization and Application to Cell Surface Modification
Authors: Wang Wenjin , Liu Shengjie , Yu Yijia , Xia Wenjuan , Wu Zhaoqiang , Chen Hong 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThe growing demand for lipid–polymer conjugates (LPCs) in biomedicine highlights the need for efficient synthesis methods. This study presents a novel Y‐type photoiniferter reagent (Lipid‐PIT) with a diethyldithiocarbamate group and a diacylglycerol group. Lipid‐PIT efficiently initiated the polymerization of vinyl monomers such as oligo(ethylene glycol) methacrylate (OEGMA), N,N‐dimethylacrylamide (DMA), tert‐butyl acrylate (tBA), and n‐butyl acrylate (nBA) under UV irradiation at room temperature, yielding LPCs. Proton NMR confirmed the presence of diethyldithiocarbamate and diacylglycerol moieties at the chain ends. The polymerization kinetics of DMA showed a linear increase in molecular weight (M
n) with time, with a polydispersity (Đ) below 1.50, demonstrating high controllability. Moreover, Lipid‐PIT allows for the creation of block copolymers via secondary chain extension. In vitro assays revealed that LPCs synthesized from OEGMA monomers successfully modified L929 and HeLa cell surfaces and exhibited good biocompatibility. This study offers a rapid, efficient method for LPC synthesis with promising biomedical applications.
Influence of nano‐silica particles on fracture features of recycled aggregate concrete using boundary effect method: Experiments and prediction models
Authors: Nabavian Seyed Rasoul , Fallahnejad Hossein , Gholampour Aliakbar 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe aim of this investigation is to assess the impact of using nano‐silica (Na) at varying weight percentages of 0%, 1.5%, 3%, 4.5%, and 6% as partial cement substitute on fracture parameters of recycled aggregate concrete (RAC). A servo‐controlled testing system was employed to carry out three‐point flexure tests on 90 notched beams. Boundary effect method was used in order to interpret the fracture features. The results illustrate that adding Na increases the size‐independent fracture energy, fracture toughness and initial fracture energy of RAC by 29%, 32%, and 24% compared to that without Na, respectively. The maximum values of these parameters occur at 4.5% Na. The reference crack length () decreases from 6% to 22% by adding 1.5% to 6% Na. This shows that the RAC gets more brittle by the addition of Na. Moreover, the RAC behavior moves towards linear elastic fracture mechanics criteria by adding Na. Finally, according to the mechanical properties and test variables, multivariable models were suggested for prediction of the fracture parameters of the RAC containing Na. The models predictions were compared with experimental findings of the previous research.
Probabilistic analysis of crack widths associated with quality control procedures
Authors: Stierschneider Elisabeth , Strieder Emanuel , Hilber Raimund , Strauss Alfred , Bergmeister Konrad 
Published: November 2024

AbstractExisting concrete specifications limit the crack width in order to fulfill the limits of serviceability and durability. The crack width calculation results differ depending on the influences of the variability of the used materials, the geometry, the actions and the uncertainty of the used calculation model itself. In this contribution, the influence of the variability of the input parameters on the calculated crack width is investigated using probabilistic methods in a real case study of a highly loaded tunnel lining cross‐section. The primary objective of this study is a sensitivity analysis to identify the geometric and material‐related input parameters with the most significant influence, which must be particularly controlled during execution for quality control purposes. The study in this article is based on the Eurocode deterministic model for calculating crack width for a stabilized cracking stage in late concrete age.