bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Age and growth of sea trout, Salmo trutta L., from new commercial catches in the lower Vistula River
Authors: Bernaś Rafał , Wąs-Barcz Anna , Radtke Grzegorz 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The age and growth of Vistula River migratory sea trout, Salmo trutta L., caught in commercial catches in the Vistula in 2017-2018 were analyzed. The mean length of the sea trout caught was 61.4 cm in 2017 and 62.8 cm in 2018. It was confirmed that the fish caught reached an average of 56.5 cm following the first year at sea, 69 cm after the second year, and 82 cm after the third. The dominant age class among the fish in the catches was a sea age 1+. No older age classes than 3+ were noted. The age at smoltification of the sea trout examined in most instances was 2+. The results obtained were compared and discussed in light of historical results. The condition coefficient calculated was lower than that of the 1960s.
Numerical Model of Fish Exploitation – structure and application
Authors: Buras Paweł , Wiśniewolski Wiesław 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Fisheries simulation models are tools used for forecasting the effects of exploitation and determining the directions of managing fisheries resources. The Numerical Model of Fish Exploitation (NMFE) and its capabilities were tested on a population of common bream, Abramis brama (L.) in a dam reservoir that is exploited by commercial and recreational fisheries. Based on the designated population parameters of N0
, Fij
, Mi
, and ei
and the size and structure of the common bream population in the reservoir, the model was used to examine hypothetical simulation variants of changes in fishing intensity E1
with nets and rods, changes in fishing intensity based on actual fishing effort with nets, changes in natural mortality, changes in the size of fish caught, and the impact of this on the size of the resources. Initial catches with nets and rods were calculated. Increasing fishing effort did not translate proportionally to increased catches, and the function was curvilinear. The results of simulations that reduced the intensity of fishing with nets and decreased catch sizes concurred with data from actual catches. Simulations of changes in natural mortality had various effects on the size of catches. Reducing parameter M did not impact the level of catches, while increasing parameter M reduced the size of catches significantly.
Forestland-dependent households: a primary agent of deforestation in Nigeria?
Authors: Adetoye Ayoade Matthew 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Despite global concerns on environment particularly, issues on deforestation, there is a lack of quantitative information on deforestation drivers. The study investigates the role of farm households in deforestation process in Nigeria. Household survey data were obtained from 300 farm households with the aid of personally administered questionnaire through a multistage sampling technique. The data were used to answer a question on how farmers contribute to deforestation process in Nigeria. The data were analysed using descriptive statistics and Probit regression model. The results show that 64 % of the farmers gain access to cultivate already opened forestland through uncoordinated harvesting of forest trees while others still maintain sustainable forest land use practice – agroforestry. Sex (P < 0.05; β = 2.34), land security (P < 0.01; β = 2.94), personal preference for tree on farm land (P < 0.05; β = −2.45), and non-farm income (P < 0.05; β = 2.50) are factors influencing land use pattern among farm households. The study revealed that most farmers cultivate open forestland, but their continuous cultivation further enhanced forestland use change. The study concludes that rural farm households though one of the agents of forestland use change were found as opportunist and not mostly the primary agent initiating forestland use change in Nigeria. The study negates the conception of several past studies.
Choosing a career path in agriculture: A tough calling for youths in Ibadan metropolis, Nigeria
Authors: Obayelu Oluwakemi Adeola , Fadele Ifeoluwa Olawale 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The decline in youth population and the upsurge in ageing farmer population have resulted in low agricultural output and per capital productivity in rural Nigeria, which is a threat to the national food security. High school students’ perception of agriculture and factors influencing their willingness to study agriculture in tertiary institutions were therefore investigated in this study. Information from 285 science students in high schools was analysed using descriptive statistics, Likert scale and logistic regression. Age of the students was 15.30 ± 1.17 years with almost equal distribution of both sexes. About half (50.5 %) of them wanted to study medicine where as only 4.6 % of the respondents were willing to study agriculture in the university. A higher percentage of female students (57.6 %) were willing to study agriculture in tertiary institution than their male counterparts (42.4 %). A higher percentage of students from public schools (51.4 %) were willing to study agriculture whereas 48.6 % of those from private schools were willing to do so. The students were undecided about the contribution of agriculture to national development but strongly disagreed that agriculture gives less income than other professions. Major motivating factors that can stimulate the respondents’ willingness to study agriculture were career awareness program in agriculture, practical knowledge of agriculture and agricultural excursion. The likelihood of a high school student’s willingness to study agriculture increased significantly with having a father who primarily practised agriculture and supports agricultural education, attending a school where crude implements are not used, visit to a mechanized farm and the youth’s willingness to own a farm in the future irrespective of the course of study, while attending a private school will decrease it. In conclusion, high school students had average perception of agriculture and were not willing to study agriculture in tertiary institutions. Suggestions are presented on how to change this negative attitude towards this vital branch of science.
Interdisciplinary groups perception on impact of technology: A study in Petro-Chemical sector
Authors: Kundu Amit , Majumdar Ramanuj 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
In today’s competitive business environment firms who can afford to invest on superior technology are in general found to be more efficient. In technology driven industries companies tend to encash upon the benefits of the superior technology, engage in continuous innovation and invest in R&D to gain competitive advantage. Notwithstanding this phenomenon, adoption of superior technology by any industry is extremely challenging. Even, Small and Medium size Enterprises (SMEs) in a developing country are often incapable of adopting the latest technology. Because they are expensive and moreover it leads to disruption to the traditional way of doing business and even different managerial functions differ on the adoption of technology.
This research paper collected perception regarding impact of technology by three broad managerial functions such as Operations, Marketing, Product development & Innovation of a large Petrochemical company. With the help of Conjoint Analysis, Part worth and Ideal Achievement Index (AI) have been estimated. These estimates enable us to assess the perception of three inter disciplinary managerial groups regarding impact of technology on the downstream units (nearly 500 companies) of a Petro-Chemical Company in India.
Modelling Match Outcome in Australian Football: Improved accuracy with large databases
Authors: Young C. , Luo W. , Gastin P. , Tran J. , Dwyer D. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Mathematical models that explain match outcome, based on the value of technical performance indicators (PIs), can be used to identify the most important aspects of technical performance in team field-sports. The purpose of this study was to evaluate several methodological opportunities, to enhance the accuracy of this type of modelling. Specifically, we evaluated the potential benefits of 1) modelling match outcome using an increased number of seasons and PIs compared with previous reports, 2) how to identify eras where technical performance characteristics were stable and 3) the application of a novel feature selection method. Ninety-one PIs across sixteen Australian Football (AF) League seasons were analysed. Change-point and Segmented Regression analyses were used to identify eras and they produced similar but non-identical outcomes. A feature selection ensemble method identified the most valuable 45 PIs for modelling. The use of a larger number of seasons for model development lead to improvement in the classification accuracy of the models, compared with previous studies (88.8 vs 78.9%). This study demonstrates the potential benefits of large databases when creating models of match outcome and the pitfalls of determining whether there are eras in a longitudinal database.
Methodology of Building the Strategy of Maintenance of Rail Vehicles with the Use of the Rams Analysis in the Area of Safety
Authors: Szkoda Maciej , Kaczor Grzegorz , Satora Magdalena 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The paper discusses one of the most important stages in the developed methodology for building a strategy of maintenance of railway vehicles, which is the RAMS analysis (Reliability, Availability, Maintainability, Safety) in the area of safety. The paper presents the application of RAMS analysis in the construction process (development or change) of the maintenance strategy on the example of a 6Dg diesel locomotive. Based on the conducted research, it was found that this analysis enables proper classification of hazards, quantification of the frequency of occurrence of hazards and the adoption of the appropriate criteria for risk assessment of the created strategy.
DFT study of optoelectronic spectra of barium cadmium chalcogenides (Ba2CdX3, X = S, Se and Te)
Authors: Kumar Sachin , Kumar Naven , Yadav Kamna , Annveer  , Singh R.P. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
DFT analyses of electronic and optical spectra of barium cadmium chalcogenides (Ba2CdX3, X = S, Se, Te) have been carried out. The study of electronic spectra has been made in terms of band structure and density of states using full potential linear augmented plane wave plus local orbital method. Band structure calculations have been carried out under the approximations PBE-GGA, PBE-Sol, LDA and TB-mBJ. Band structures of these materials show that Ba2CdS3, Ba2CdSe3 and Ba2CdTe3 crystals possess a band gap less than 1 eV, underestimated relative to the experimental/theoretical literature values. Optical spectra of these chalcogenides have been analyzed in terms of real and imaginary parts of dielectric function, reflectivity, refractive index, extinction coefficient, absorption coefficient, optical conductivity and electron energy loss. Optical results show large anisotropy along different directions. These results provide a physical basis of barium cadmium chalcogenides for potential application in optoelectronic devices.
Preparation and characterization of cobalt and copper oxide nanocrystals
Authors: Moharram A. H. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Copper oxide and cobalt oxide (Co3O4, CuO) nanocrystals (NCs) have been successfully prepared using microwave irradiation. The obtained powders of the nanocrystals (NCs) were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), thermogravimetric (TGA) analysis and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. The obtained results confirm the presence of both nanooxides which have been produced during chemical precipitation using microwave irradiation. TEM micrographs have shown that the obtained nanocrystals are characterized by high dispersion and narrow size distribution. The results of X-ray diffraction confirmed those obtained from the transmission electron microscope. Optical absorption analysis indicated the direct band gap for both kinds of the nanocrystals.
Healthy Stadia Programme: innovative approach to health promotion
Authors: Szychowska Agnieszka , Ruszkowska Joanna , Drygas Wojciech 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Sports stadia play an important role in local communities, therefore they are seen as very suitable places for various health promotion programmes. Since 2005, the Healthy Stadia programme has become a new standard for establishing policies regarding health promotion in local communities and during big international tournaments. This programme is an example of an effective setting-based approach to health promotion. Being funded by the European Union Public Health Programme, it has gained popularity in many European countries and also in Canada and Australia. Key parts of the programme include policies on tobacco and alcohol control, healthy food options and physical activity promotion on stadium grounds. Healthy Stadia programme proved to be an effective tool for promoting healthy lifestyle at many sports stadia. The programme is constantly improving and developing new projects, like Football Fans in Training (FFIT) or European Fans in Training (EuroFIT). This article provides an introduction to the programme’s main parts as well as its origins and future projects. Poland is active member of the Healthy Stadia since 2007.
Glycemic index and glycemic load in preventive cardiology – the state of knowledge, selected controversies
Authors: Skrzypek Michał , Momora Agnieszka , Krzyszycha Renata 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The current epidemiological situation in Poland is characterized by prevalence of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) as the main cause of mortality. In the paper the current state of knowledge on the importance of glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL) in CVD prevention is presented, taking into consideration the latest recommendations on CVD prevention. In a nutrition strategy based on consumption of low GI/GL foods, the target of the intervention is the profile of dietary carbohydrates which is treated as a modulator of glycemic response. In the light of the current state of research, there is no reason to treat GI/GL values as markers of pro-health qualities of the dietary plan recommended in CVD prevention to individuals with normal glucose homeostasis. However, the preventive potential of diets characterized by low GI/GL deserves a more extensive application in patients with glucose homeostasis disturbances, including those with prediabetes and insulin resistance syndrome. Taking into account the relations between abnormal carbohydrate metabolism and a risk of developing diabetes, followed by CVD, the benefits of low-glycemic diets in individuals with impaired glucose homeostasis can indirectly result in lowering the risk of CVD. It is reasonable to conduct further clinical studies on the relevance of low GI/GL diets in preventive cardiology.
‘Every book is a part of life’
Authors: Ermakova I. A. , Skvortsov A. E. 
Published: August 2019

In her interview with the critic and scholar A. Skvortsov, the poet I. Ermakova discusses modern poetry, its authors and processes. Starting as a conversation about the poet’s artistic evolution and mentioning her work as a translator, author of regular publications in various think journals, and her numerous poetic prizes, the interview gradually moves on to examining the contemporary poetic reality, which Ermakova describes as ‘the era of Oleg Chukhontsev’. She argues that the value of Chukhontsev’s poetry lies in its absolute precision of word choice and accurate and truthful depiction of familiar reality. In such an attempt to display the world undistorted, modern poets turn to related art forms, up to the cinematic, however few reach this level.The interview, therefore, provides Ermakova’s assessment of the contemporary literary environment, her views on how one can join the literary process, and contemplations about the problem of the reader of modern poetry: whether they exist, and who they are.
Pemanfaatan limbah kulit pisang sebagai Bahan Baku pembuatan Bioetanol
Authors: Herliati Herliati , Sefaniyah Sefaniyah , Indri Ade 
Published: August 2019

Kulit pisang merupakan limbah jika tidak dimanfaatkan, maka dalam waktu yang relatif panjang akan terakumulasi sehingga dapat menjadi masalah tersendiri terkait dengan pencemaran lingkungan. Kandungan pati dari kulit pisang khususnya kulit pisang kepok cukup tinggi dimana memiliki potensi untuk dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan baku pembuatan bioetanol melalui proses fermentasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kondisi terbaik dalam produksi bioetanol dari bahan baku kulit pisang kepok. Metode yang digunakan untuk mengkonversi kulit pisang menjadi bioetanol adalah dengan fermentasi menggunakan ragi saccharomyces cereviciae. Varibel yang diamati dalam penelitian ini adalah waktu fermentasi dalam kisaran 2, 6 dan 8 hari, suhu fermentasi 30oC dan 40oC serta derajat keasaman fermentasi pada pH 4 dan 5. Hasil fermentasi berupa bioetanol dianalisis menggunakan piknometer. Hasil terbaik dari penelitian ini diperoleh pada suhu 40oC dan pH 4 selama 6 hari, yaitu yield 86,35 %.
Simulasi Sebaran Pencemaran BTEX di Daerah Sekitar SPBU yang Mengalami Kebocoran Tangki Timbun BBM
Authors: Nulhakim Lukman , Guntama Dody 
Published: August 2019

Senyawa karsiogenik yang terdapat dalam Bahan Bakar Minyak (BBM) adalah Benzen, Toluen, Ethylbenzen, Xylen (BTEX) dimana BTEX akan menimbulkan dampak buruk apabila mencemari lingkungan. Dampak kesehatan yang umum terjadi karena terpapar oleh BTEX adalah terganggunya sistem syaraf pusat. Potensi pencemaran lingkungan oleh BTEX dapat terjadi karena kebocoran tangki timbun BBM di Stasiun Pengisian Bahan Bakar Umum (SPBU). Pada penelitian ini dilakukan simulasi pencemaran BTEX yang disebabkan kebocoran tangki timbun BBM di sekitar area SPBU 44.552.10 Yogyakarta. Model matematika yang disimulasi melibatkan adveksi, laju biodegradasi, difusi secara 2 dimensi. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan bahwa variabel seperti debit kebocoran, luas kebocoran tangki timbun dan kecepatan aliran air tanah tidak mempengaruhi luas area yang tercemar, namun variabel tersebut mempengaruhi konsentrasi kontaminan di setiap area. Luas area yang tercamar Benzen adalah ± 560 m2,Toluen adalah ± 354 m2, Ethylbenzen adalah ± 234 m2, Xylen adalah ± 336 m2
Evaluation of Results of Closed Reamed Nailing for Diaphyseal Fracture of the Tibia-Experience of 35 cases
Authors: Hasan Md Habibul , Hossain Mohd Alamgir , Haque Md Enamul , Ahsanuzaman Md , Parveen Elora , Azad Abul Kalam 
Published: August 2019

Introduction: Tibia is a subcutaneous bone and is more prone to trauma. Different treatment modalities exist for fracture shaft of the tibia. Intramedullary nailing in the treatment of fractures of the long bones was technically developed and popularized by Küntscher in the 1940’s. Treatment of tibial fracture in adult is a challenge to orthopedic surgeons due to poor soft tissue coverage and blood supply.
Materials and methods: This study was prospective and interventional. This study was carried out in the private hospitals in Rajshahi over a period of 3 years. Total 35 patients with tibial shaft fracture were studied. Inclusion criteria were displaced closed diaphyseal fracture shaft of the Tibia, open fracture with Gustillo 1, 2 and 3A attended within 24 hours. Exclusion criteria were patient’s age below 16 years, grossly lacerated fracture, undisplaced fracture, patient unwilling to operate. Thirty three cases were operated within one week only two cases operated at 2 months due to angulations following conservative treatment. Open fracture was fixed within 24-48 hours. Broad spectrum antibiotic injectable Moxifloxacin was used in most of the cases for 2 doses then oral, Injectable Meropenem was used for the open fracture. Those patients suffering from G-3A fracture wound were covered by Hemisoleal flap Two weeks after primary surgery and were uneventful. In most of the cases image intensification was not used only three cases needed image intensification in case the fractures in lower ¼ th of the shaft to see the end of the Nail.
Results: Two patients developed postoperative superficial wound infection which was recovered by regular dressing. Only one patient needed post-operative cast support because the fracture was comminuted. All patients started Knee bending from first post-operative day. Full range of knee movement was found in all patients. All fracture united properly within 12 weeks to 22 weeks with mean of 17 weeks. No cases of implant failure detected during the study period.
Conclusion: The results of the current study reveal that the reamed interlocking nail in treatment of tibial diaphyseal fracture is safe, easy, successful and preferable method may be recommended as a stable fixation with early return to daily activities.
TAJ 2019; 32(1): 9-16
CT Findings of Acute Stroke– Study of 321 Cases
Authors: Huda Md Durrul , Saha Niranjan Kumar , Ahmad Quamruddin , Uddin Md Kafil , Alahi Md Munzur , Rahman Md Hafizur 
Published: August 2019

Stroke ranks first in frequency among all the neurological diseases of adult life and about 50% of all neurological disorders in a hospital are of this type. It is the third leading cause of death throughout the world. The purpose of the present study was to find out the presence or absence of haemorrhage or infarct and to detect the early signs of stroke on the basis of CT scanning. Three-hundred twenty one consecutive acute stroke patients (mean age 64 ±9.75 years) were included in our study. Each underwent cranial computed tomography without intravenous contrast injection within the first 24 hours. CT findings of stroke were analyzed using SPSS software. Among 321 patients, 209(65.11%) had ischemic stroke, 99(30.84%) had parenchymal haemorrhage and 13(4.05%) had subarachnoid haemorrhage. Total amount of haemorrhagic stroke was 112(34.89%). Early CT findings of ischaemic stroke were low attenuation area (83.25%), sulcal effacement (69.89%), loss of the insular ribbon (17.70%), hyperdense artery sign (1.43%). CT scanning should be the first line of investigation for diagnosis of acute stroke as it is more available than MRI and is easily performed in severely ill patients who are dependent on support and monitoring devices
TAJ 2019; 32(1): 17-24
Pulmonary Aplasia: A Case Report
Authors: Ali Md Rustam , Mia Md Sanaul Haque , Uddin Md Belal , Rahman Md Khalilur , Hossain Md Belal , Tarofder Md Manirul Haque 
Published: August 2019

Developmental malformations of the lung are common but aplasia of the lung is extremely rare and usually the patients presented in early childhood with recurrent lower respiratory tract infection and respiratory distress. A 2 years and 6 months old girl presented with complaints of respiratory distress since birth and recurrent episode of cough since six month of age ,with opacity of the right hemithorax on X-ray, CT scans shows aplasia of the right lung. Patient was managed conservatively and his parents were counseled about the anomaly. The child is doing well and is in a regular follow-up with us. Aplasia of the lung should be suspected in children with recurrent respiratory distress with opacity of the hemithorax on X-ray and herniation of the opposite lung across the mediastinum.
TAJ 2019; 32(1): 82-85