bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High-throughput combinatorial screening of multi-component electrolyte additives to improve the performance of Li metal secondary batteries
Authors: Matsuda Shoichi , Nishioka Kiho , Nakanishi Shuji 
Published: April 2019

AbstractData-driven material discovery has recently become popular in the field of next-generation secondary batteries. However, it is important to obtain large, high quality data sets to apply data-driven methods such as evolutionary algorithms or Bayesian optimization. Combinatorial high-throughput techniques are an effective approach to obtaining large data sets together with reliable quality. In the present study, we developed a combinatorial high-throughput system (HTS) with a throughput of 400 samples/day. The aim was to identify suitable combinations of additives to improve the performance of lithium metal electrodes for use in lithium batteries. Based on the high-throughput screening of 2002 samples, a specific combination of five additives was selected that drastically improved the coulombic efficiency (CE) of a lithium metal electrode. Importantly, the CE was remarkably decreased merely by removing one of these components, highlighting the synergistic basis of this mixture. The results of this study show that the HTS presented herein is a viable means of accelerating the discovery of ideal yet complex electrolytes with multiple components that are very difficult to identify via conventional bottom-up approach.
Epigallocatechin-3-gallate inhibits doxorubicin-induced inflammation on human ovarian tissue
Authors: Fabbri R , Macciocca M , Vicenti R , Caprara G , Piccinni MP , Paradisi R , Terzano P , Papi A , Seracchioli R 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Chemotherapy protocol can destroy the reproductive potential of young cancer patients. Doxorubicin (DOX) is a potent anthracycline commonly used in the treatment of numerous malignancies. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the ovarian toxicity of DOX via inflammation and the possible protective effect of the green tea polyphenol epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG). Ovarian tissue of three patients was cultured with 1 µg/ml DOX and/or 10 µg/ml EGCG for 24 and 48 h. Levels of inflammatory factors were determined by quantitative Real-Time PCR, western blot, zimography, and multiplex bead-based immunoassay. Morphological evaluation, damaged follicle count and TUNEL assay were also performed. DOX influenced inflammatory responses by inducing a significant increase in the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and cyclooxigenase-2 (COX-2), of inflammatory interleukins (IL), such as interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-8 (IL-8), and the inflammatory proteins mediators metalloproteinase-2 and metalloproteinase-9 (MMP2 and MMP9). IL-8 secretion in the culture supernatants and MMP9 activity also significantly raised after DOX treatment. Moreover, a histological evaluation of the ovarian tissue showed morphological damage to follicles and stroma after DOX exposure. EGCG significantly reduced DOX-induced inflammatory responses and improved the preservation of follicles. DOX-induced inflammation could be responsible for the ovarian function impairment of chemotherapy. EGCG could have a protective role in reducing DOX-mediated inflammatory responses in human ovarian tissue.
Association between genetic polymorphisms and osteonecrosis in steroid treatment populations: a detailed stratified and dose-response meta-analysis
Authors: Yang Jun , Jing Ming , Yang Xiaoge 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Steroid treatment has become recognized as an important risk factor for avascular osteonecrosis of the femoral head. However, not all patients who receive long-term, high-dose steroids develop osteonecrosis, indicating that there are individual differences in occurrence.
We explored the relationship between polymorphisms and steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head (SONFH) incidence with variables. We used a multilevel mixed-effects logistic regression model, which is an expansion of logistic regression, for each type of steroid, primary disease, drug dose, applied duration, and single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP). We also conducted a dose-response meta-analysis to analyze the cumulative dosage and SONFH risk in mutation carriers. There were significant correlations between the ABCB1 rs1045642 mutant and SONFH in the prednisone-use and methylprednisolone/prednisone-use populations. The ABCB1 rs2032582 mutant homozygote had a protective effect in the methylprednisolone/prednisolone renal transplant population. For ApoB rs693, mutation increased the incidence of SONFH in prednisone-use and methylprednisolone/prednisolone-use populations and renal transplant patients. For ApoB rs1042031, mutation increased the risk of SONFH in the prednisone-use population. The PAI-1 rs1799768 mutation had a protective effect on the SONFH risk prednisone-use and renal transplant populations. ABCB1 rs1045642 mutations have a protective effect against SONFH, and ApoB rs693 and rs1042031 increase the SONFH risk. Cumulative dosage and treatment duration had little effect on the results. In addition, there was a dose-effect correlation in ABCB1 rs1045642 and rs2032582 mutation carriers.
Psychometric Functions of Vowel Detection and Identification in Long-Term Speech-Shaped Noise
Authors: Liu Chang , Jin Su-Hyun 
Published: April 2019

Purpose
The goal of this study was to investigate vowel detection and identification in noise and provide baseline data regarding how vowel perception changed with signal-to-noise ratios. Psychometric functions of vowel detection and identification for 12 American English isolated vowels in long-term speech-shaped noise were examined for young listeners with normal hearing in this study.

Method

Vowel detection was measured at sensation levels from −10 to +5 dB (re: thresholds of vowel detection from the study of
Liu and Eddins, 2008a
) with a 4-interval forced-choice procedure. Thresholds of vowel detection were computed for each listener as the speech level at which 70.7% correct performance was reached. Vowel identification was then examined at sensation levels from 0 to 12 dB relative to detection thresholds for each listener. Thresholds of vowel identification were calculated as the speech level with vowel identifiability (
d
′) equals to 1.

Results
Thresholds of vowel detection and identification were significantly affected by vowel category. Slopes of psychometric functions of vowel identification were significantly dependent on vowel category, whereas slopes of psychometric functions of vowel detection were not.

Conclusions
These results suggest that, given the same sensation levels, especially at low sensation levels, vowel sounds are not equally perceivable in terms of identifiability.
Diagnostic Decisions in Child Language Assessment: Findings From a Case Review Assessment Task
Authors: Fulcher-Rood Katrina , Castilla-Earls Anny , Higginbotham Jeff 
Published: April 2019

PurposeThe current study used a case review diagnostic assessment task to examine the diagnostic decisions speech-language pathologists (SLPs) working in the United States made after reviewing child language cases.MethodFourteen SLPs were given 5 case studies that presented either congruent or incongruent results between standardized testing and informal measures. After reviewing the assessment data, SLPs were asked to make a diagnostic decision.ResultsUnanimous consensus regarding diagnostic decisions was found when the assessment data were congruent. When the data were incongruent, unanimous consensus was not achieved. Standardized testing seemed to guide the diagnostic decision. This pattern of reliance on standardized testing was evident even when 80% of SLPs reviewed informal language data. In 97% of cases, a standardized test was used to guide clinical decision making.ConclusionThree patterns of clinical decision making in child language assessment emerged: (a) use of both standardized testing and informal measures, (b) a reported concern tool as a 1st step in the process, and (c) standardized testing as the most influential data for guiding diagnostic decisions. Although this study provides initial evidence regarding the process of diagnostic decision making, future studies should examine decision making in real time to further validate the implicit rules used during decision making.Supplemental Materialhttps://doi.org/10.23641/asha.7991174
Der zervikale Bandscheibenvorfall – Spontanverlauf, Therapieoptionen und klinische Ergebnisse
Authors: Rohde Veit , Mielke Dorothee 
Published: April 2019

ZusammenfassungDie alters- und belastungsabhängige Degeneration der Halsbandscheibe kann zu einem weichen Halsbandscheibenvorfall führen oder eine Kaskade weiterer Prozesse auslösen, welche in einen harten Bandscheibenvorfall, die zervikale Spondylose, einmünden. Während ein Wurzelreiz- oder Wurzelkompressionssyndrom die vorherrschende Symptomatik beim weichen Bandscheibenvorfall ist, dominiert bei der zervikalen Spondylose die Myelopathie. Bildgebende Verfahren zur Diagnosestellung sind die Magnetresonanztomographie (MRT) und Computertomographie (CT), bei geplanter Operation gegebenenfalls ergänzt durch Röntgenaufnahmen in Neutral-, Flexions- und Extensionsstellung. Bei einem weichen Bandscheibenvorfall besteht eine Operationsindikation bei einem therapieresistenten radikulären Schmerzsyndrom oder einer myotombezogenen Parese. Bei einer zervikalen Spondylose ist spätestens bei Nachweis einer moderaten Myelopathie eine Operation unumgänglich. Es existieren sowohl für den weichen Bandscheibenvorfall als auch für die zervikale Spondylose etablierte anteriore und posteriore Operationsverfahren. Auch wenn es in Deutschland eine deutliche Präferenz für anteriore Verfahren gibt, konnte bislang keine Überlegenheit eines Verfahrens sowohl hinsichtlich Symptomkontrolle als auch hinsichtlich Komplikationsquote gezeigt werden.
A Rare Case of Absence of the Lateral Cutaneous Nerve of Forearm: Case Report
Authors: da Silveira Helson Freitas , de Lucena Jalles Dantas , Sobrinho Osvaldo Pereira da Costa , Pessoa Roberta Silva , Cerqueira Gilberto Santos , Oliveira André de Sá Braga , Ribeiro Howard Lopes 
Published: April 2019

Introduction Variations in the formation and in the branching pattern of the brachial plexus are common. Numerous anastomotic variations between the musculocutaneous nerve (MCN) and the median nerve (MN) have been reported and could be implicated in a wide range of sensory and motor dysfunctions.
Objective To report an uncommon case of an anastomotic variation between the MN and the MCN with a rare absence of the lateral cutaneous nerve of forearm (LCNF).
Material and Methods A dissection of a male cadaver was performed at the Morphology Department of the Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, state of Ceará, Brazil. The brachial plexus was exposed.
Results It was observed that the MCN, after its origin in the lateral fasciculus of the brachial plexus, anastomoses with the MN in the middle third of the arm. It diverges from the most prevalent anatomical pattern, in which the MCN continues to pass distally beneath the brachii biceps, originating the LCNF. In this case, the MCN does not emit its main terminal branch, the LCNF, which innervates the lateral portion of the skin of the forearm. In the present case, the innervation of the lateral portion of the skin of the forearm is provided by radial nerve branches. The reported case has practical implications, since the absence of the LCNF could cause hypoesthesia in the skin of the forearm.
Conclusion Thus, the knowledge of the formation and of the branching pattern of the brachial plexus is clinically important for the correct clinical interpretation of the sensory and motor disorders of the upper limbs caused by peripheral nerve injuries, as well as for planning surgical procedures to correct upper limb traumas.
Implementation of the flipped residency research model to enhance residency research training
Authors: Morbitzer Kathryn A , Rao Kamakshi V , Rhoney Denise H , Pappas Ashley L , Durr Emily A , Sultan Said M , Eckel Stephen F , Savage Scott W , Daniels B Rowell , Pinelli Nicole R 
Published: April 2019

Abstract

Purpose
The attainment of fundamental research skills to create and disseminate new knowledge is imperative for the advancement of pharmacy practice. Research training is an important component of postgraduate residency training; however, the traditional model of performing residency research has several limitations that have hindered the ability of residents to complete high-quality research projects. Therefore, our institution developed and implemented the flipped residency research model with the 2013–2014 pharmacy practice residency class.

Summary
The flipped residency research model modifies the research timeline to better align research activities with residents’ abilities at specific time points during the year. In the 4 years following implementation of the flipped residency research model, our institution found improvements in a number of areas pertaining to the research process compared with an evaluation of the 7 years prior to implementation. A decrease in the number of reviews required from institutional review boards was observed, resulting in improved institutional review board efficiency. The flipped residency research model also addressed limitations surrounding manuscript development and submission, as demonstrated by an improved publication rate. Additionally, residents who participated in the flipped residency research model self-reported increased comfort with research-related abilities associated with study design, implementation, manuscript development and submission, and biostatistics.

Conclusion
The modified research timeline of the flipped residency research model better aligns research activities with resident experiences and abilities. This realignment has translated to demonstrable impact in the success of residency projects and dissemination of results. Research is needed to investigate the impact of the flipped residency research model on longer term scholarly success.
Absence of full-length dystrophin impairs normal maturation and contraction of cardiomyocytes derived from human-induced pluripotent stem cells
Authors: Pioner J Manuel , Guan Xuan , Klaiman Jordan M , Racca Alice W , Pabon Lil , Muskheli Veronica , Macadangdang Jesse , Ferrantini Cecilia , Hoopmann Michael R , Moritz Robert L , Kim Deok-Ho , Tesi Chiara , Poggesi Corrado , Murry Charles E , Childers Martin K , Mack David L , Regnier Michael 
Published: April 2019

Abstract

Aims
Heart failure invariably affects patients with various forms of muscular dystrophy (MD), but the onset and molecular sequelae of altered structure and function resulting from full-length dystrophin (Dp427) deficiency in MD heart tissue are poorly understood. To better understand the role of dystrophin in cardiomyocyte development and the earliest phase of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) cardiomyopathy, we studied human cardiomyocytes differentiated from induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC-CMs) obtained from the urine of a DMD patient.

Methods and results
The contractile properties of patient-specific hiPSC-CMs, with no detectable dystrophin (DMD-CMs with a deletion of exon 50), were compared to CMs containing a CRISPR-Cas9 mediated deletion of a single G base at position 263 of the dystrophin gene (c.263delG-CMs) isogenic to the parental line of hiPSC-CMs from a healthy individual. We hypothesized that the absence of a dystrophin-actin linkage would adversely affect myofibril and cardiomyocyte structure and function. Cardiomyocyte maturation was driven by culturing long-term (80–100 days) on a nanopatterned surface, which resulted in hiPSC-CMs with adult-like dimensions and aligned myofibrils.

Conclusions
Our data demonstrate that lack of Dp427 results in reduced myofibril contractile tension, slower relaxation kinetics, and to Ca2+ handling abnormalities, similar to DMD cells, suggesting either retarded or altered maturation of cardiomyocyte structures associated with these functions. This study offers new insights into the functional consequences of Dp427 deficiency at an early stage of cardiomyocyte development in both patient-derived and CRISPR-generated models of dystrophin deficiency.
Immunotherapy for cardiovascular disease
Authors: Lutgens Esther , Atzler Dorothee , Döring Yvonne , Duchene Johan , Steffens Sabine , Weber Christian 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
The outcomes of the Canakinumab Anti-inflammatory Thrombosis Outcome Study (CANTOS) trial have unequivocally proven that inflammation is a key driver of atherosclerosis and that targeting inflammation, in this case by using an anti-interleukin-1β antibody, improves cardiovascular disease (CVD) outcomes. This is especially true for CVD patients with a pro-inflammatory constitution. Although CANTOS has epitomized the importance of targeting inflammation in atherosclerosis, treatment with canakinumab did not improve CVD mortality, and caused an increase in infections. Therefore, the identification of novel drug targets and development of novel therapeutics that block atherosclerosis-specific inflammatory pathways and exhibit limited immune-suppressive side effects, as pursued in our collaborative research centre, are required to optimize immunotherapy for CVD. In this review, we will highlight the potential of novel immunotherapeutic targets that are currently considered to become a future treatment for CVD.
Two Approaches to Classifying and Quantifying Physical Resilience in Longitudinal Data
Authors: Colón-Emeric Cathleen , Pieper Carl F , Schmader Kenneth E , Sloane Richard , Bloom Allison , McClain Micah , Magaziner Jay , Huffman Kim M , Orwig Denise , Crabtree Donna M , Whitson Heather E 
Published: April 2019

Abstract

Background
Approaches for quantifying physical resilience in older adults have not been described.

Methods
We apply two conceptual approaches to defining physical resilience to existing longitudinal data sets in which outcomes are measured after an acute physical stressor. A “recovery phenotype” approach uses statistical methods to describe how quickly and completely a patient recovers. Statistical methods using a recovery phenotype approach can consider multiple outcomes simultaneously in a composite score (eg, factor analysis and principal components analysis) or identify groups of patients with similar recovery trajectories across multiple outcomes (eg, latent class profile analysis). An “expected recovery differential” approach quantifies how patients’ actual outcomes are compared to their predicted outcome based on a population-derived model and their individual clinical characteristics at the time of the stressor.

Results
Application of the approaches identified different participants as being the most or least physically resilient. In the viral respiratory cohort (n = 186) weighted kappa for agreement across resilience quartiles was 0.37 (0.27–0.47). The expected recovery differential approach identified a group with more comorbidities and lower baseline function as highly resilient. In the hip fracture cohort (n = 541), comparison of the expected recovery differentials across 10 outcome measures within individuals provided preliminary support for the hypothesis that there is a latent resilience trait at the whole-person level.

Conclusions
We posit that recovery phenotypes may be useful in clinical applications such as prediction models because they summarize the observed outcomes across multiple measures. Expected recovery differentials offer insight into mechanisms behind physical resilience not captured by age and other comorbidities.
A Comparative-Informational Approach to the Study of Religion: The Chinese and Jewish Cases
Authors: Lior Yair 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThis article offers a “comparative-informational” approach to the study of religion. It demonstrates how historical transformations in religious traditions are frequently intertwined with shifts towards new strategies of managing information, or “informational orders.” The article shows how two unrelated schools of thought—Neo-Confucianism and Kabbalah—were responsible for the construction and institutionalization of new information strategies in their respective traditions. The innovative discourses Neo-Confucians and Kabbalists established were characterized by “analytic” qualities that were co-opted from competing foreign traditions. As part of the Confucian and Jewish reactions to Buddhism and Greek philosophy, respectively, Neo-Confucian and medieval Jewish mystical discourses underwent considerable rationalization. Moreover, from an informational perspective, a major factor in the dramatic cultural transitions that Neo-Confucians and Kabbalists facilitated was the ability of these schools to restructure the canonical literature of their respective traditions. Such rare modificiations in a tradition’s “informational core” are here interpreted as adaptive strategies that drive cultural systems towards greater complexity and long-term resilience.
Sub-classification of patients with intermediate-risk metastatic renal cell carcinoma treated with targeted therapy
Authors: Kaneko Go , Shirotake Suguru , Nishimoto Koshiro , Miyazaki Yasumasa , Ito Keiichi , Ito Yujiro , Hagiwara Masayuki , Kanao Kent , Nakagawa Ken , Momma Tetsuo , Asano Tomohiko , Tanaka Nobuyuki , Mizuno Ryuichi , Oya Mototsugu , Oyama Masafumi 
Published: April 2019

Abstract

Background
International Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma Database Consortium model predicts the outcomes of metastatic renal cell carcinoma stratified into favorable, intermediate, and poor risk groups (FG, IG, and PG, respectively), with approximately 50% of patients being classified as IG. We aimed to generate better risk model based on the sub-classification of IG.

Methods
We analyzed records of 213 consecutive patients receiving molecular targeted therapy. Age, gender, histology, type of initial molecular targeted therapy, serum laboratory data, previous nephrectomy and immunotherapy, and metastatic sites were used for IG sub-stratification. Modified and original models were compared using a concordance correlation coefficient analysis.

Results
Median follow-up was 17.8 months. Serum albumin, serum C-reactive protein, and bone metastases were independent predictors of overall survival (OS) in IG. IG was sub-classified into low-, middle-, and high-risk IG according to the number of predictors. The following modified model was developed: modified FG (FG & low-risk IG), modified IG (middle-risk IG), and modified PG (PG & high-risk IG). Concordance indices for original and modified models were 0.68 and 0.73, respectively (P < 0.001). OS was significantly longer in modified PG treated with mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitors as second-line therapy than with tyrosine kinase inhibitors, whereas this was not observed in the original model.

Conclusions
We successfully developed modified IMDC model using a two-step process: the original IMDC plus an IG sub-stratification, and demonstrated that it predicts outcomes more accurately than original model.