bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Degradation Studies of Selected Bisphenols in the Presence of β-Cyclodextrin and/or Duckweed Water Plant
Authors: Kaleniecka Aleksandra , Zarzycki Paweł K 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background: This research reports a multivariate experiment enabling observation of the potential application of macrocyclic compound [β-cyclodextrin (β-CD)] and/or duckweed organisms as the active factors for elimination of selected bisphenols A, B, and S from water samples. Objective: Target bisphenols selection was based on observation that such components can be present in food or environmental samples (e.g., vegetable/fruit juices, milk, drinking water, or treated wastewater). Methods: Biological research was carried out using aquatic organisms containing chlorophyll, particularly duckweed (Lemna minor L), that may work as an active biomass for the elimination or extraction of bisphenols micropollutants from water. Using such a system, we studied the potential encapsulation effect and removal efficiency of nontoxic macrocyclic oligosaccharide (β-cyclodextrin) acting as an encapsulation reagent to promote the removal of selected bisphenols from liquid phase both with and without the presence of duckweed biomass. Results: Experimental data have revealed that β-CD or combined β-CD/duckweed system has an effect on bisphenols elimination from water. The initial data set obtained from this preliminary experiment (and combined with supramolecular complex formation data calculated from chromatographic experiments, published previously) enables designing of further experiments focusing on the development of green chemistry technology. Conclusions: It is hoped that this may be used for the efficient removal of low-molecular-mass micropollutants using classical technological wastewater treatment processes modified by biomass and macrocyclic additives. This process needs to be optimized, but the results presented have revealed that such green chemistry technology, if successful, may be an interesting alternative for the selective removal of the micropollutants investigated from wastewater using classical adsorbents (e.g., carbons and carbon-related nanomaterials), particularly in terms of the worldwide problem with microplastic pollutants in the environment and food products.
A New Genetic Algorithm with Agent-Based Crossover for Generalized Assignment Problem
Authors: DÖRTERLER Murat 
Published: September 2019

Generalized assignment problem (GAP) considers finding minimum cost assignment of n tasks to m agents provided each task should be assigned to one agent only. In this study, a new Genetic Algorithm (GA) with some new methods is proposed to solve GAPs. The agent-based crossover is based on the concept of dominant gene in genotype science and increases fertility rate of feasible solutions. The solutions are classified as infeasible, feasible and mature with reference to their conditions. The new local searches provide not only feasibility in high diversity but high profitability for the solutions. A solution is not given up through maturation-based replacement until it reaches its best. Computational results show that the agent-based crossover has much higher fertility rate compared to classical crossover. Also, the proposed GA creates either optimal or approximately optimal solutions.
Novel Application of Vasofix Cannula for Punctal and Canalicular Laceration
Authors: Krishnacharya Prabhakar Srinivasapuram , Naaz Shamshiya , Reddy Raghavendar , Singhal Anuj Kumar 
Published: September 2019

Aim: Purpose of present study is to investigate the efficacy of vasofix cannula in preserving punctum position and canalicular patency.
Presentation of Case: A thirty four year old male patient presented with multiple right both eyelid injuries consisting of lower punctum, vertical and horizontal canalicular laceration, lower eyelid tear with tarsal plate fracture with pretarsal orbicularis muscle splitting, laceration near lateral canthus running for about an inch horizontally and vertical upper lid laceration near upper punctum inflicted by flying zinc sheet at work place. Examination revealed normal and intact ocular functions. Ocular movements were full with unremarkable fundoscopy. CT orbit showed no orbital fractures and intraocular foreign body. Vasofix cannula 24 Gauge inserted into lower punctum and canaliculus, and anchored to lid margin by vicryl 10-0 along with lid laceration repair under local anesthesia.
Discussion: Punctal position, canalicular support and patency were maintained with no infection or extrusion. There was no epiphora or ocular irritation during 10 weeks of follow up.
Conclusion: This case study describes management of monopunctal and horizontal as well vertical canalicular laceration by vasofix cannula acting as a stent. Anatomical and physiological functions restored with acceptable cosmetic appearance. Added advantage is that all time availability of cannula in all operation theatres. Although Vasofix cannula is semi flexible in nature can be used as a stent for canalicular intubation purpose.
Physiological stress and behavioural responses of European Rollers and Eurasian Scops Owls to human disturbance differ in farming habitats in the south of Spain
Authors: EXPÓSITO-GRANADOS MÓNICA , PAREJO DESEADA , CHASTEL OLIVIER , AVILÉS JESÚS M. 
Published: September 2019

SummaryHuman activities are altering ecosystems and threatening the well-being of wildlife. The study of the stressful effects of human disturbances on animal distribution, physiology and behaviour can provide fundamental insights for wildlife conservation. Here, we assess how two declining birds, the European RollerCoracias garrulusand the European Scops OwlOtus scops,cope with alteration by human activities in farming habitats of the south of Spain. We studied nest distribution, quantified nestling physiology (corticosterone levels in plasma and feathers and body weight close to fledgling) and parental behaviour (feeding rates) of both species along a human alteration gradient. Rollers and Scops Owls used the same type of habitat and their spatial distribution was not determined by individual quality. In Rollers, nestlings raised in scrubland areas had high stress-induced corticosterone levels, possibly due to high predation risk in this habitat. In addition, Rollers and Scops Owls showed opposite relationships with farming activity and human disturbance. Nestling Rollers showed the highest corticosterone levels in feathers, weight and parental feeding rates in areas with intense farming activity. These results suggest that despite the disturbance produced by farming activities, inducing a higher stress in these areas, cultivated areas may, simultaneously, provide parents with a higher abundance of prey which would trigger increased feeding rates and, hence, higher nestling weights. Furthermore, nestling Scops Owls showed the highest stress-induced corticosterone levels in areas close to roads, suggesting that they would be affected by human disturbance due to infrastructures that disturb also at night when Scops Owls are active. Therefore, susceptibility to human disturbance may vary between species, probably due to variation in the daily pattern of human activities and the species’ activity rhythm, buffering or exacerbating the effects, which should be considered in future studies on human alterations and birds.
Can methods based on spot urine samples be used to estimate average population 24 h sodium excretion? Results from the Isfahan Salt Study
Authors: Mohammadifard Noushin , Marateb Hamidreza , Mansourian Marjan , Khosravi Alireza , Abdollahi Zahra , Campbell Norman RC , Webster Jacqui , Petersen Kristina , Sarrafzadegan Nizal 
Published: September 2019

AbstractObjective:To assess agreement between established methods of estimating salt intake from spot urine collections and 24 h urinary Na (24hUNa) and then to develop a valid formula that can be used in the Iranian population to estimate salt intake from spot urine samples.Design:A validation study. Three spot urine samples were collected (fasting second-void morning; afternoon; evening) on the same day as a 24 h urine collection. We estimated 24hUNa from spot specimens using the Kawasaki, Tanaka and INTERSALT equations. Two new formulas were developed, the Iran formula 1 (Iran 1) and Iran formula 2 (Iran 2), based on our population characteristics.Setting:Iranian adults recruited in 2014–2015.Participants:Healthy volunteer adults aged ≥18 years.Results:With all three spot urine specimens, predicted population 24hUNa was underestimated based on the INTERSALT equation (−469 to −708 mg/d; all P < 0·05) and conversely overestimation occurred with the Kawasaki equation (926 to 1080 mg/d; all P < 0·01). The Tanaka equation produced comparable estimates to measured 24hUNa (–151 to 86 mg/d; all P > 0·49). The newly derived formulas, Iran 1 and Iran 2, showed less mean bias than the established equations (Iran 1: 43 to 80 mg/d, all P > 0·55; Iran 2: 22 to 90 mg/d, all P > 0·50).Conclusions:In this Iranian sample, the Tanaka equation and newly derived formulas produced group-level estimates comparable to measured 24hUNa. The newly developed formulas showed less mean bias than established equations; however, they need to be tested for generalization in a larger sample.
Trapeziometacarpal Joint Arthroplasty of the Thumb without Osseous Tunnels and Carpal Tunnel Release via a Radial Approach; Technique, and Results
Authors: Chan Chung Ming , Cisneros Efraín Farías , Tsai Tsu-Min 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background Numerous surgeries have been described for osteoarthritis of the trapeziometacarpal (TMC) joint. We describe the senior author's experience with his technique of concurrent arthroplasty of the TMC joint, and carpal tunnel release (CTR) via a radial approach.
Methods The study is a case series of patients managed over a 3-year period. We included 86 patients over 40 years of age that had concurrent CTR. We used the paired t-test to compare the preoperative and postoperative grip strength and functional scoring (including the Levine-Katz questionnaire for carpal tunnel syndrome, disabilities of the arm shoulder and hand [DASH] score and QuickDASH9).
Results Mean age at surgery was 62.8 years, and mean follow-up was 13.1 months. Functional outcomes were analyzed in 65 patients. Grip strength returned to the preoperative measurement by 3 months. Analysis of the nine patients followed up for more than 13 months postoperatively showed a significant increase in grip strength at last follow-up. The grip strength in both hands was also similar beyond 13 months. Significant decreases in the functional scores recorded indicated a reduction in disability, symptom severity, and functional impairment.
Conclusions In conclusion, we present the favorable results of this technique of TMC arthroplasty and CTR involving no bone tunnels and short-term immobilization.
Epidemiology of West Nile Virus in the United States: Implications for Arbovirology and Public Health
Authors: Petersen Lyle R 
Published: September 2019

AbstractSince West Nile virus (WNV) emerged in the United States in 1999, 22,999 neuroinvasive disease cases in humans were reported through 2017. These cases have arisen from an estimated seven million human infections. Population incidence is geographically heterogeneous and is highest in the West and Midwest. Upwards of 2% of the population in some jurisdictions may become infected during outbreaks. Before universal screening of the United States blood supply, this high infection incidence and that approximately 75% of those infected remain asymptomatic translated into a considerable risk of WNV transfusion transmission despite the short duration of viremia following infection. Universal blood donor screening has nearly eliminated the risk of WNV transfusion transmission, but at enormous cost. WNV transmission via transplanted organs carries extremely high morbidity and mortality. Improved vector surveillance and timely and effective response to surveillance data can reduce the impact of WNV and should remain public health priorities.
Possibility of rapid neutron star cooling with a realistic equation of state
Authors: Dohi Akira , Nakazato Ken’ichiro , Hashimoto Masa-aki , Yasuhide Matsuo , Noda Tsuneo 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Whether fast cooling processes occur or not is crucial for the thermal evolution of neutron stars. In particular, the threshold of the direct Urca process, which is one of the fast cooling processes, is determined by the interior proton fraction $Y_p$, or the nuclear symmetry energy. Since recent observations indicate the small radius of neutron stars, a low value is preferred for the symmetry energy. In this study, simulations of neutron star cooling are performed adopting three models for the equation of state (EoS): Togashi, Shen, and LS220 EoSs. The Togashi EoS has been recently constructed with realistic nuclear potentials under finite temperature, and found to account for the small radius of neutron stars. As a result, we find that, since the direct Urca process is forbidden, the neutron star cooling is slow with use of the Togashi EoS. This is because the symmetry energy of Togashi EoS is lower than those of other EoSs. Hence, in order to account for observed age and surface temperature of isolated neutron stars with the use of the Togashi EoS, other fast cooling processes are needed regardless of the surface composition.
Pooled Subject-Reported Outcomes From 2 Phase 3 Studies of OnabotulinumtoxinA for Simultaneous Treatment of Forehead and Glabellar Lines
Authors: Ogilvie Patricia , Rivkin Alexander Z. , Dayan Steven , Yoelin Steven G. , Larsen Kristin E. , Varon Sepideh , Garcia Julie K. 
Published: September 2019

BACKGROUND
Understanding the subjects' perspective is critical for successfully treating upper facial lines.

OBJECTIVE
To understand subjects' self-perception and overall satisfaction after onabotulinumtoxinA treatment for forehead and glabellar lines.

METHODS
This analysis pooled data from two 12-month, pivotal phase 3 studies in which toxin-naive subjects received onabotulinumtoxinA 40 U or placebo for treatment of upper facial lines. OnabotulinumtoxinA was administered as 0.1-mL injections at 10 prespecified sites (frontalis: 20 U; glabellar complex: 20 U). Each study used 3 reliable and validated patient-reported outcome instruments to evaluate subject satisfaction and appearance-related psychological effects: the Facial Line Satisfaction Questionnaire (FLSQ), the Facial Line Outcomes (FLO-11) Questionnaire, and the Self-Perception of Age (SPA) Questionnaire. In total, data for 865 subjects (608, onabotulinumtoxinA 40 U; 257, placebo) were analyzed.

RESULTS
Treatment with onabotulinumtoxinA 40 U resulted in significant and sustained improvements across all pooled FLO-11 items and FLSQ items compared with placebo. SPA results demonstrated that a significant proportion of subjects in the pooled analysis felt they looked younger after treatment than at baseline (all, p < .0001 vs placebo).

CONCLUSION
This study demonstrates a high level of treatment satisfaction and significantly improved appearance-related psychological outcomes among toxin-naive subjects after onabotulinumtoxinA 40 U treatment.
Acute Extensor Tenosynovitis due to Disseminated Gonococcal Infection
Authors: Zhou Joanne Y. , Mittermiller Paul A. , Nishimoto Stacie K. , Johannet Peter , Curtin Catherine 
Published: September 2019

Summary:
Infections from Neisseria gonorrhoeae (N. gonorrhoeae) are on the rise. Disseminated gonorrhea infections have the unique propensity for causing extensor tenosynovitis of the hand, a topic which has not recently been discussed in the plastic surgery literature. We therefore present a case report of a patient with extensor tenosynovitis of the hand from disseminated gonorrhea and review the literature. A 78-year-old man arrived in the Emergency Department with extensor tenosynovitis of the wrist, dermatitis, and polyarthralgias. He was taken to the operating room for washout of his extensor tendons at the wrist and was subsequently diagnosed with disseminated N. gonorrhoeae and treated with a third-generation cephalosporin. The patient ultimately recovered and regained normal active range of motion of the wrist. With the increasing incidence of N. gonorrhoeae, it is important for hand surgeons to recognize and treat the infection early in its course. This article serves to alert hand surgeons of the unique clinical patterns of N. gonorrhoeae infection, specifically focusing on presentations that include extensor tenosynovitis of the hand.
Alternative steel lattice structures for wind energy converters
Authors: Jovasevic Slobodanka , Correia José , Pavlovic Marko , Dantas Rita , Rebelo Carlos , Veljkovic Milan , de Jesus Abilio M.P. 
Published: September 2019

PurposeIn the last decades, the demand and use of renewable energies have been increasing. The increase in renewable energies, particularly wind energy, leads to the development and innovation of powerful wind energy converters as well as increased production requirements. Hence, a higher supporting structure is required to achieve higher wind speed with less turbulence. To date, the onshore wind towers with tubular connections are the most used. The maximum diameter of this type of tower is limited by transportation logistics. The purpose of this paper is to propose an alternative wind turbine lattice structure based on half-pipe steel connections.Design/methodology/approachIn this study, a new concept of steel hybrid tower has been proposed. The focus of this work is the development of a lattice structure. Therefore, the geometry of the lattice part of the tower is assessed to decrease the number of joints and bolts. The sections used in the lattice structure are constructed in a polygonal shape. The elements are obtained by cold forming and bolted along the length. The members are connected by gusset plates and preloaded bolts. A numerical investigation of joints is carried out using the finite element (FE) software ABAQUS.FindingsBased on the proposed study, the six “legs” solution with K braces under 45° angle and height/spread ratio of 4/1 and 5/1 provides the most suitable balance between the weight of the supporting structure, number of bolts in joints and reaction forces in the foundations, when compared with four “legs” solution.Originality/valueIn this investigation, the failure modes of elements and joints of an alternative wind turbine lattice structures, as well as the rotation stiffness of the joints, are determined. The FE results show good agreement with the analytical calculation proposed by EC3-1-8 standard.
Intimate partner physical violence and associated factors in reproductive age married women in Aksum Town, Tigray, Ethiopia 2018, and community based study
Authors: Girmay Alem , Mariye Teklewoini , Bahrey Degena , Hailu Berihu , Iyasu Assefa , G/medhin G/amlak , Demisse Binyam , Teklay Girmay 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Objective
As reports indicated about 1 in 3 of women worldwide have experienced physical violence but there is no enough reports on the current status of the act in Aksum town so this study intended to identify the prevalence and factors associated with physical violence of reproductive age married women in Aksum town Tigray Ethiopia.

Result
A total of 398 women were enrolled in the study and making a response rate of 100%. 112 (28.1%) women had physical violence in their lifetime. Educational level of women (AOR = 2.2; 95% CI 1.28, 6.7), Occupation of women’s (AOR = 3.8; 95% CI 2.32, 12.8), age of husband (AOR = 5.2; 95% CI 2.3, 11.5), husbands having other wife (AOR = 7.8; 95% CI 4.2, 18.9) and husbands having alcohol habits (AOR = 3.8; 95% CI 1.74, 14.7) had significant association with physical violence.
Das Babinetsche Prinzip der Optik
Authors: Meixner Josef 
Published: September 2019

Abstrakt
Es wird gezeigt, daß sich das Babinet sehe Prinzip auch auf strenge Lösungen des elektromagnetischen Beugungsproblems übertragen läßt, wenn der beugende Schirm und der komplementäre Schirm eben und vollkommen leitend sind. Mit Hilfe dieses Prinzips kann aus dem elektromagnetischen Feld des einen Beugungsproblems das des komplementären Beugungsproblems für jeden Raumpunkt unmittelbar und in Strenge gewonnen werden.
Zur Beeinflussung der Transportphänomene dipolloser Gase durch elektrische Felder
Authors: Becker Erwin Willy 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Es wird die Wirkung eines radialen elektrischen Feldes auf den Wärmeübergang zwischen zwei waagerecht liegenden konzentrischen Rohren in Stickstoff und Kohlen-säure bei 16 atm untersucht. Bei gleichem Vorzeichen von Feld-und Temperatur-gradient zeigt sich eine Vergrößerung, bei entgegengesetztem eine Verminderung des Wärme-Überganges in der Größenordnung von 40%. Die Umkehrbarkeit des Effektes und das Ergebnis einer Berechnung beweisen, daß der Vorgang auf Elektrostriktion beruht, und daß eine erhebliche Beeinflussung der Wärme-Leitung nicht vorliegt. Die Feststellung, daß die Transportphänomene dipolloser Gase selbst von den bei hohem Druck erreichbaren Feldstärken nicht merklich beeinflußt werden, wird durch eine Untersuchung der Zähigkeit von Kohlensäure und Luft bei 16 atm bestätigt. Ein in-homogenes Feld mit einer mittleren Stärke von 90 kV/cm bewirkt keine Änderung der inneren Reibung, die größer wäre als ±0,5%. Es wird gezeigt, wie die Beeinflussung des Wärme-Überganges zur Bestimmung der Dielektrizitätskonstante von Gasen ver-wendet werden kann.
Eine neue quantenmechanische Behandlung von CH4 und NH4
+
Authors: Hartmann Hermann 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
CH4 und NH4
+werden quantenmechanisch als Pseudo-Neon-Atome nach einer Methode behandelt, die der Slaterschen Methode für Atome entspricht. Die Eigenfunktionen nullter Näherung werden aus Eigenfunktionen eines Zentralproblems aufgebaut. Es er-gibt sich sehr gute Übereinstimmung mit den empirischen Daten über -Atomabstände, Suszeptibilitäten und das C-H-Bindungsmoment.
Geometrie und Kristallphysik einer Röntgenlinse für monochromatische Strahlung
Authors: Hoppe Walter , Trurnit Hans Jochen 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Es wird die Geometrie und Kristallphysik einer Linse für monochromatische Röntgenstrahlung behandelt, die durch Überziehen von Rotationsformkörpern mit Kristallschichten entsteht. Von den durch Biegung von Kristallen erhaltenen Röntgenabbildungssystemen unterscheidet sich die neue Linse vor allem durch Formung der abbildenden Netzebenen nach nichtabrollbaren Flächen. Dadurch erhält sie sehr gute geometrisch-optische Abbildungseigenschaften, rotationssymmetrischen Strahlengang für Achsenpunkte mit Gültigkeit der Linsengesetze und kann daher zur bequemen Ein-stellung mit Lichtlinsen gleicher Brennweite kombiniert werden. Sie hat aber wie alle Kristallinsen einen starken chromatischen Fehler (monochromatische Strahlung erforderlich) und eine "flächenhafte" Apertur, daher relativ geringe Lichtstärke. Es wird ein Weg zur Erreichung einer "räumlichen" Apertur angegeben. Eine maximale Auflösung von etwa 1 p. erscheint erreichbar.
Die Struktur aufsteigender H2 -O2 -Flammen
Authors: Böhm Günther , Clusius Klaus 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Die Struktur aufsteigender Wasserstoff-Flammen kann durch die Zumischung von Chromylchlorid oder von Nickelcarbonyl sichtbar gemacht werden. Diese Verbindungen zerfallen in der Flammenfront unter Abscheidung fester, thermisch aufglühender Stoffe, so daß die Flammenkonturen genau erkennbar werden. Die Dichte, die Wärmeleitfähig-keit usw. des Gasgemisches wurde durch Zusätze von C02 , S02 , SiCU und SF6 sowie durch Änderung des Druckes variiert. Die aufsteigenden H2 -Flammen besitzen, wie schon früher vermutet, keine einheitliche Brennfläche, sondern eine durch Diffusions-und Strömungsvorgänge bedingte Struktur der Flammenfront, die je nach den Konzen-trationsverhältnissen alle Abstufungen von völliger Geschlossenheit bis zum Zerfall in viele Einzelflammen durchläuft. Die Zahl dieser Flämmchen läßt sich mit ihrem Durchmesser in einen elementaren Zusammenhang bringen. Außerdem läßt sich zeigen, daß schon die Aufwärtsbewegung des einzelnen Flämmc-hens ein turbulenter Vorgang ist.