bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The circulating miRNAs as diagnostic and prognostic markers
Authors: Terrinoni Alessandro , Calabrese Cosimo , Basso Daniela , Aita Ada , Caporali Sabrina , Plebani Mario , Bernardini Sergio 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
A large portion of the human genome transcribes RNA sequences that do not code for any proteins. The first of these sequences was identified in 1993, and the best known noncoding RNAs are microRNA (miRNAs). It is now fully established that miRNAs regulate approximately 30% of the known genes that codify proteins. miRNAs are involved in several biological processes, like cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis and metastatization. These RNA products regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level, modulating or inhibiting protein expression by interacting with specific sequences of mRNAs. Mature miRNAs can be detected in blood plasma, serum and also in a wide variety of biological fluids. They can be found associated with proteins, lipids as well as enclosed in exosome vesicles. We know that circulating miRNAs (C-miRNAs) can regulate several key cellular processes in tissues different from the production site. C-miRNAs behave as endogenous mediators of RNA translation, and an extraordinary knowledge on their function has been obtained in the last years. They can be secreted in different tissue cells and associated with specific pathological conditions. Significant evidence indicates that the initiation and progression of several pathologies are “highlighted” by the presence of specific C-miRNAs, underlining their potential diagnostic relevance as clinical biomarkers. Here we review the current literature on the possible use of this new class of molecules as clinical biomarkers of diseases.
A novel machine learning-derived decision tree including uPA/PAI-1 for breast cancer care
Authors: Reix Nathalie , Lodi Massimo , Jankowski Stéphane , Molière Sébastien , Luporsi Elisabeth , Leblanc Suzanne , Scheer Louise , Ibnouhsein Issam , Benabu Julie-Charlotte , Gabriele Victor , Guggiola Alberto , Lessinger Jean-Marc , Chenard Marie-Pierre , Alpy Fabien , Bellocq Jean-Pierre , Neuberger Karl , Tomasetto Catherine , Mathelin Carole 
Published: December 2018

Abstract

Background
uPA and PAI-1 are breast cancer biomarkers that evaluate the benefit of chemotherapy (CT) for HER2-negative, estrogen receptor-positive, low or intermediate grade patients. Our objectives were to observe clinical routine use of uPA/PAI-1 and to build a new therapeutic decision tree integrating uPA/PAI-1.

Methods
We observed the concordance between CT indications proposed by a canonical decision tree representative of French practices (not including uPA/PAI-1) and actual CT prescriptions decided by a medical board which included uPA/PAI-1. We used a method of machine learning for the analysis of concordant and non-concordant CT prescriptions to generate a novel scheme for CT indications.

Results
We observed a concordance rate of 71% between indications proposed by the canonical decision tree and actual prescriptions. Discrepancies were due to CT contraindications, high tumor grade and uPA/PAI-1 level. Altogether, uPA/PAI-1 were a decisive factor for the final decision in 17% of cases by avoiding CT prescription in two-thirds of cases and inducing CT in other cases. Remarkably, we noted that in routine practice, elevated uPA/PAI-1 levels seem not to be considered as a sufficient indication for CT for N≤3, Ki 67≤30% tumors, but are considered in association with at least one additional marker such as Ki 67>14%, vascular invasion and ER-H score <150.

Conclusions
This study highlights that in the routine clinical practice uPA/PAI-1 are never used as the sole indication for CT. Combined with other routinely used biomarkers, uPA/PAI-1 present an added value to orientate the therapeutic choice.
Digital networks for laboratory data: potentials, barriers and current initiatives
Authors: Ganslandt Thomas , Neumaier Michael 
Published: December 2018

AbstractMedical care is increasingly delivered by multiple providers across healthcare sectors and specialties, leading to a fragmentation of the electronic patient record across organizations and vendor IT systems. The rapid uptake of wearables and connected diagnostic devices adds another source of densely collected data by the patients themselves. Integration of these data sources opens up several potentials: a longitudinal view of laboratory findings would close the gaps between individual provider visits and allow to more closely follow disease progression. Adding non-laboratory data (e.g. diagnoses, procedures) would add context and support clinical interpretation of findings. Case-based reasoning and disease-modelling approaches would allow to identify similar patient groups and classify endotypes. Realization of these potentials is, however, subject to several barriers, including legal and ethical prerequisites of data access, syntactic and semantic integration, comparability of items and user-centered presentation. The German Medical Informatics Initiative is presented as a current undertaking that strives to address these issues by establishing a national infrastructure for the secondary use of routine clinical data.
Extended multi-drug maternal therapy for refractory supraventricular tachycardia in premature hydrops fetalis
Authors: Minisha Fathima , Deniz Melissa , AlObaidly Sawsan , Kamal Reema 
Published: December 2018

Abstract

Background
Fetal supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) is a reversible cause of fetal hydrops, with better outcomes if detected early and reverted in utero. Modern imaging allows accurate diagnosis and maternal anti-arrhythmic therapy can be practiced ensuring in utero cardioversion.

Case presentation
We present a case of preterm fetal hydrops due to SVT successfully reverted in utero by multidrug maternal therapy. The mother presented to our tertiary care hospital at 32 weeks’ gestation with a fetal heart rate of 229 beats/min with evidence of mild fetal pericardial effusion and ascites. Under strict maternal monitoring, the treatment was started with parenteral digoxin. Flecainide, sotalol and amiodarone were introduced sequentially based on the response until cardioversion was achieved at 35 weeks with no maternal side effects. She labored spontaneously and delivered a 2.6 kg baby boy 4 days after the successful cardioversion. The baby was discharged home on day 7 on oral amiodarone with outpatient follow-up. Digoxin monotherapy failed in our case, possibly due to evidence of hydrops and a sequential multi-drug therapy was required for an extended duration of up to 2 weeks to achieve cardioversion successfully.

Conclusions
Our report suggests that multi-drug therapy is more successful in cases of SVT with fetal hydrops, titrated according to fetal response and maternal tolerance, although a prolonged period of therapy might be required to achieve the desired clinical effect.
SIMULATION OF LEAF DAMAGE BY ARTIFICIAL DEFOLIATION AND ITS EFFECT ON SUNFLOWER (Helianthus annuus L.) PERFORMANCE / SIMULACION DEL DAÑO DE HOJA POR LA ELIMINACION ARTIFICIAL DE HOJAS Y SU EFECTO SOBRE LAS PERFORMANCES DEL GIRASOL / SIMULATION DE DÉTÉRIORIATION DES FEUILLES CAUSÉE PAR DEFOLIATION ARTIFICIELLE ET SON EFFET SUR LE TOURNESOL (Helianthus annuus L.)
Authors: Shafiullah M.A. Khan , Poswal M.A. , Rana M.A. , Baitullah M.A. 
Published: December 2018

SUMMARY
Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) hybrid NK-212 was planted at National Agricultural Research Center, Islamabad, during 1992 and 1993 to assess the impact of various levels of simulated leaf damage, commonly caused by insects, hail or foliar diseases, on source and sink relationship. Insect attack, hail and foliar diseases often partially defoliate sunflowers and may become important factors limiting the production. Reduction in leaf area may also occur in the field as a consequence of pathogens or atmospheric conditions. Artificial defoliation was chosen as an experimental means to assess its effect on seed yield and plant behavior. It had also made possible to evaluate the effect of such a reduction at different phenological stages and to identify the leaves that contribute greatly to the seed yield. The leaves were clipped in various proportions from different parts of the plant, i.e., lower, middle and upper. The removal of upper 2/3 and 1/2 leaves caused a yield reduction of 29 and 55.8%, in 1992 and 37 and 44.8%, in 1993, respectively. In 1992, about 1% yield decline was recorded when the lower 1/3 leaves were removed and 6% yield decline with the removal of the lower 1/2 leaves. In 1993, the yield reduction was 26.7 and 39.2% due to removal of lower 1/3 and 1/2 leaves, respectively. This indicated that the upper leaves (source) contribute more towards seed yield (sink) than the lower ones. Correspondingly, the results indicated that insects and pests feeding on the upper portion of the sunflower plant can cause larger reduction in seed yield than those feeding on the lower leaves.
MICROPROPAGATION OF Helianthus maximiliani (Schrader) BY SHOOT APEX CULTURE / MICROPROPAGACION DE Helianthus maximiliani (Schrader) POR EL CULTIVO DE VAINAS DE LOS VASTAGOS / MICROPROPAGATION DE L’Helianthus maximiliani (Schrader) AU MOYEN DE LA CULTURE DE L’APEX DE LA POUSSE
Authors: Dragana Vasić , Dragan Škorić , Gilbert Alibert , Vladimir Miklič 
Published: December 2018

SUMMARYH.maximiliani was micropropagated using culture of shoot apices on modified Murashige and Skoog medium (DV). Further propagation of in vitro grown plants was done by culture of their nodal segments and shoot tips on the same medium supplemented with phloridzin, silver nitrate and casein hydrolysate (DV'). Rooting was induced by dipping the explants into IBA solution prior culture. Viable protoplasts (90%) were isolated from leaf mesophyll. These protoplasts divided (18%) in culture in agarose droplets.
What Factors Influence Consumer Preferences for Search and Credence Seafood Characteristics? an Empirical Analysis in Kentucky and South Carolina
Authors: Ratliff English , Vassalos Michael , Hu Wuyang 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Consistent with preferences for other food products, consumers increasingly care about a range of search and credence seafood characteristics such as: environmental effects and product form. This study utilized a dataset obtained from an online survey, and a Multivariate Ordered Probit formulation to examine the impact of: demographic characteristics, lifestyle preferences, and seafood consumption frequency on preferences for selected seafood attributes. The findings indicate that the factors influencing consumer preferences differ across the attributes examined. Although some demographic variables have a statistically significant effect on consumers’ preferences for seafood attributes other than price, their predictive power was limited regarding preferences for wild-caught, fresh seafood and the impact of sustainability on purchasing decisions. Furthermore, consumers who utilize direct marketing outlets have stronger preferences towards fresh and wild-caught seafood products.
Repeated restraint stress upregulates rat sulfotransferase 1A1
Authors: Balyan Rajiv , Cai Ma , Zhao Wenhong , Dai Zhao , Zhai Yujia , Chen Guangping 
Published: December 2018

Abstract

Background
Sulfotransferases (SULTs) are phase II drug-metabolizing enzymes. SULTs also regulate the biological activities of biological signaling molecules, such as various hormones, bile acids, and monoamine neurotransmitters; therefore, they play critical roles in the endocrine and nervous systems. People are subject to various kinds of physical, chemical, toxicological, physiological, and psychological stresses at one time or another. The study of the effects produced by stress may lead to finding novel remedies for many disease conditions. The effect of repeated restraint stress on rat SULT expression has not been studied.

Methods
This study involves the effect of repeated restraint stress on SULT1A1 expressions. Male Sprague-Dawley rats (n=4) were subjected to repeated restraint stress 2 h/day for 7 days. Protein and RNA expression of SULT1A1 were analyzed by western blot and quantitative real time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, respectively, in important tissues.

Results
We observed that repeated restraint stress increased the expression of SULT1A1 in the liver, adrenal glands, cerebellum, hypothalamus, and cerebral cortex in male rats. Patterns of enhanced expression were observed at both mRNA and protein level, indicating that repeated restraint stress stimulates enzyme expression at the transcriptional level.

Conclusions
Changes of SULT1A1 expression in important tissues caused by repeated restraint stress will have a significant effect on drug metabolism and xenobiotics detoxification. The significant changes in endocrine glands and brain sections may also cause disturbances in hormone homeostasis, therefore leading to disease conditions. This report provides clues for the understanding of the effect of stresses on health.
Childhood Perioral Dermatitis — Challenging Treatment
Authors: Chiriac Anca , Diaconeasa Adriana , Podoleanu Cristian , Stolnicu Simona 
Published: December 2018

Abstract

Background: Also known as papulopustular dermatitis (chronic form), rosacea-like dermatitis, periorificial dermatitis, or airhostess’ dermatitis, perioral dermatitis is a commonly encountered dermatological disease, especially in adult women and less frequently in children. Its diagnosis and treatment are a challenge especially in small children.

Case report: We present the case of a 2-year-old girl referred to the dermatologist for widespread erythematous papules, vesicles, and pustules on the perioral area, nasolabial folds, and on the outer region of the lower eyelids. Several diagnoses had been established during the previous months: impetigo, atopic dermatitis, seborrheic dermatitis, allergic contact dermatitis, childhood rosacea, demodecidosis, infantile acne, and variable therapeutic approaches had been tried, with no clinical improvement. Clarithromycin 250 mg/day orally associated with the application of 2% erythromycin solution were successfully used.

Conclusion: This case highlights the importance of the clinical diagnosis of perioral dermatitis in young children, of excluding other diagnoses and worthless treatments, and also the chronic evolution of the disease and its individualized treatment.
Who is the killer? Barking up the wrong tree
Authors: Mariacher Alessia , Fanelli Rita , Garofalo Luisa , Perfetti Gabriella , Lorenzini Rita , Fico Rosario 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
In recent years, several cases of predation on hunting dogs have been reported in Italy. These cases caused uproar among owners and the wolf was singled out as the culprit. The remains of a dog allegedly killed by wolves were submitted for forensic analysis. Wolf predation was ruled out based on gross findings and wild boar aggression was suspected instead. Genetic analysis of salivary swab samples confirmed that wild boars fed on the dog. As poaching is one of the main threats to wolf conservation, it is essential to identify correctly the predator in cases of attacks on domestic animals.
Women as leaders in academic institutions: personal experience and narrative literature review
Authors: Hering Janet G. 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
For the last 12 years, I have had the pleasure and privilege to serve as the Director of the Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology (Eawag) and as a professor at the Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology (ETH) Zurich and Lausanne (EPFL). My affiliations have afforded me a rare opportunity to observe the structure and governance of academic institutions and to reflect on my own experience in institutional leadership. I have attempted to place my experience in the context of the literature on leadership, particularly that relating to women and academia. On the basis of my experience and reading, I make some recommendations for women faculty, for women in positions of institutional leadership in academia, and for academic institutions. I am deeply convinced that greater participation by women (and members of other under-represented groups) in institutional leadership is needed if academia is to make a meaningful contribution to addressing the huge challenges that face humanity.
Synthesis of a variety of organophosphorus compounds using 2-phosphaindolizines as precursors
Authors: Sharma Nivedita , Bansal Raj K. 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
1,3-Azaphospholo[1,5-a]pyridines named as 2-phosphaindolizines were obtained from [4+1] cyclocondensation and 1,5-electrocyclization methods. These compounds incorporate several reactive functionalities and undergo electrophilic substitution, Diels-Alder reaction and 1,2-addition with hydrogen sulfide and sulfur across the >C=P– functionality and form η1-P coordination compounds with metal carbonyls. Thus, 2-phosphaindolizines could be used as precursors for accessing a variety of organophosphorus compounds.
What Will Be the Future of Powder Metallurgy?
Authors: Danninger Herbert 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Traditionally, powder metallurgy has been based on two major industrial sectors – ferrous precision parts and hardmetals. Both of them relied heavily on the automotive industry, with focus on internal combustion engines. Today, there is an increasing trend towards alternative drivetrain systems, and powder metallurgy faces the challenge to find new applications to replace those lost with the decrease of classical internal combustion drives. In this presentation it is shown that the main strength of powder metallurgy lies in its enormous flexibility regarding materials, geometries, processing and properties. This enables PM to adapt itself to changing requirements in a changing industrial environment. Examples given are PM parts in alternative drivetrain systems, new alloying concepts and processing routes offering distinct advantages. With hardmetals, innovative microstructures as well as sophisticated coatings offer increased lifetime, applications ranging from metalworking to rockdrilling and concrete cutting. A particularly wide area is found in functional materials which range from components for high power switches to such for fuel cells. Soft and hard magnets are accessible by PM with particularly good properties, PM having in part exclusivity in that respect, such as for NdFeB superhard magnets as well as soft magnetic composites (SMCs). Metal injection moulding (MIM) is gaining further ground, e.g. in the medical area which is a fast-growing field, due to demographic effects. Finally, most additive manufacturing techniques are powder based, and here, the knowledge in powder handling and processing available in the PM community is essential for obtaining stable processes and reliable products. Conclusively it can be stated that PM is on the way to fully exploit its potential far beyond its traditional areas of applications.
Application of a Low Heat Input Deposition Process for Refurbishment of Worn PM Forming Dies Using Fe-Ni Based Filler Metal
Authors: Ebrahimnia Mohamad , Baghjari Hamzeh , Ajdari Mohamad , Hajesmaeli Alireza , Hojati Milad 
Published: December 2018

AbstractRefurbishment of worn Dies is an interesting research area which also has high economic benefit. Material which is used in PM dies for compacting powders are high carbon steel which have very low weldabilitis. Due to the high hardness, high carbon content and martensitic microstructure, these Dies are very sensitive to the thermal shock produced from fusion welding. For successfully refurbishing the worn Dies, Fine spark deposition was used for deposition of a new layer on the cold work 1.2436 steel. Different heat inputs were used for deposition of nickel based material and finally microstructure and HAZ were studied. Results show the HAZ area is very narrow, free from cracks and HAZ microstructure is similar to the base metal. GTAW welding using same filler metal induced many cracks in HAZ of weld which is detrimental to the refurbished Die performance. Results show increasing heat input in Fine spark deposition can results in crack formation in HAZ even if the weld pool does not occurred in base metal. However these cracks are much smaller than those occurred in GTAW.
Evaluation of internal morphology and engineering properties of graphite-filled UHMWPE nanocomposites produced using a novel octa-screw kneading extruder
Authors: Liu Cheng-Ying , Ishigami Akira , Kurose Takashi , Ito Hiroshi 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) is a very attractive polymer employed as a high performance material, while filler-reinforced composites have demonstrated its feasibility in various applications. Melt-mixing in an extruder is a key process in the development of polymer nanocomposites. Due to its high melt viscosity, dispersion of fillers is considered as a challenge in UHMWPE nanocomposites preparation process. In this work, we have prepared graphite-filled UHMWPE nanocomposites using a novel octa-screw melt kneading extruder. The engineering properties as well as the morphology of kneaded nanocomposites were characterized using tensile tester, friction and wear tester, scanning electron microscopy, optical profilemeter, polarized optical microscope, thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, etc. The experimental results suggested good dispersion of graphite in the UHMWPE nanocomposites, demonstrating the excellent capability of the octa-screw extruder in compounding the graphite-filled nanocomposites. The yield strengths of the nanocomposites increase by 10% (from 21.6 MPa to 23.8 MPa) with the addition of 2% graphite. When the filler percentage was increased to 20%, the yield strengths improved from 21.6 to 27.4 MPa (an increase of 26.8%) for the graphite-filled composites. Furthermore, the crystallinity of UHMWPE nanocomposites increased with the content of graphite fillers, while the pyrolysis temperature of the composites increased with the content of graphite fillers.
Computational screening of structure directing agents for the synthesis of zeolites. A simplified model
Authors: Gálvez-Llompart María , Cantín Angel , Rey Fernando , Sastre German 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Zeolite micropores become more energetically stable by the occlusion of organic structure directing agents (templates). This energetic stabilisation, if approximated by van der Waals zeo-template interactions, can be calculated in a fast way by using modern computing techniques incorporating big data handling algorithms for massive screening. A software suite is presented which calculates an arbitrarily large 2-D matrix (template×zeolite) giving the zeo-template van der Waals interaction energy corresponding to the minimum energy conformation assuming one template molecule in a pure silica zeolite unit cell. With the goal of simplicity, the software only needs two coordinate input files of template and zeolite unit cell. Though a number of approximations have been considered, the software allows to compare, for a given template, which competing zeolite phases may become more stabilised. Applied to zeolite hypothetical databases, it may be of help to suggest templates for their synthesis.