bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Daily activity, mood, and quality of life in colorectal cancer patients with chemotherapy‐induced peripheral neuropathy: A mediation effect analysis
Authors: Lu Ling‐Chun , Tsay Shiow‐Luan , Chang Sou‐Yi , Chen Chung‐Ming , Liu Chieh‐Yu 
Published: February 2019

AbstractChemotherapy‐induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) with restriction of daily activity (RDA) was common consequence of oxaliplatin‐based chemotherapy in colorectal cancer patients. CIPN with RDA and negative mood may impact the quality of life (QoL). However, the relationships among RDA, mood, and QoL remain unclear. This was a cross‐sectional relative study in which four instruments were used: the Neuropathic Pain Symptom Inventory was used to measure the severity of CIPN; the Screening of Activity Limitation and Safety Awareness scale was used to evaluate RDA; the Profile of Mood States Short Form was used to assess negative mood; and the Functional Assessment Cancer Center Therapy‐Colorectal scale version 4 was used to evaluate QoL. Relationships among the variables were analyzed by bivariate correlation, hierarchical multiple linear regression, and Baron and Kenny's mediation testing. One hundred three colorectal adenocarcinoma patients with CIPN after receiving oxaliplatin‐based chemotherapy were enrolled. Patients had mild‐to‐moderate CIPN and mild RDA. Significant correlations were found between CIPN and mood (r = 0.425, P < 0.001), between RDA and mood (r = 0.343, P < 0.001), and between RDA and QoL (r = 0.285, P < 0.01). RDA and mood may impact QoL. Under mediation effect analysis, mood mediated 38.48% of the effect of RDA on QoL (P < 0.001). Negative mood is the major factor impacting QoL in colorectal cancer patients with CIPN. Although the management of CIPN and RDA can prevent irreversible functional problems, enhancing the adaption of mood disturbance can strongly promote their QoL.
Nr5a2 promotes cancer stem cell properties and tumorigenesis in nonsmall cell lung cancer by regulating Nanog
Authors: Ye Ting , Li Jingyuan , Sun Zhiwei , Liu Yongli , Kong Liangsheng , Zhou Shixia , Tang Junlin , Wang Jianyu , Xing H. Rosie 
Published: February 2019

AbstractLung cancer has the highest mortality rate due to late diagnosis and high incidence of metastasis. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a subgroup of cancer cells with self‐renewal capability similar to that of normal stem cells (NSCs). While CSCs may play an important role in cancer progression, mechanisms underlying CSC self‐renewal and the relationship between self‐renewal of the NSCs and CSCs remain elusive. The orphan nuclear receptor Nr5a2 is a transcriptional factor, and a regulator of stemness of embryonic stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells. However, whether Nr5a2 regulates the self‐renewal of lung CSCs is unknown. Here, we showed the diagnostic and prognostic values of elevated Nr5a2 expression in human lung cancer. We generated the mouse LLC‐SD lung carcinoma CSC cellular model in which Nr5a2 expression was enhanced. Using the LLC‐SD model, through transient and stable siRNA interference of Nr5a2 expression, we provided convincing evidence for a regulatory role of Nr5a2 in the maintenance of lung CSC self‐renewal and stem cell properties in vitro. Further, using the syngeneic and orthotopic lung transplantation model, we elucidated augmented cancer biological properties associated with Nr5a2 promotion of LLC‐SD self‐renewal. More importantly, we revealed that Nr5a2’s regulatory role in promoting LLC‐SD self‐renewal is mediated by transcriptional activation of its direct target Nanog. Taken together, in this study, we have provided convincing evidence in vitro and in vivo demonstrating that Nr5a2 can induce lung CSC properties and promote tumorigenesis and progression through transcriptional up‐regulation of Nanog.
Towards Reverse Transcription with an Expanded Genetic Alphabet
Authors: Eggert Frank , Kurscheidt Katharina , Hoffmann Eva , Kath‐Schorr Stephanie 
Published: February 2019

AbstractUnnatural base pairs (UBPs) strikingly augment the natural genetic alphabet. The development of particular hydrophobic UBPs even allows insertion and stable propagation in bacteria. Those UBPs expand the chemical scope of DNA and RNA, and thus, could enable the evolution of novel aptamers or ribozymes by in vitro selection (systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment, SELEX). However, the application of such UBPs in reverse transcription (rtc), which is a key step for RNA‐based SELEX, has not been reported so far. The implication of Romesberg's NaM:TPT3 base pair in rtc reactions is presented by testing five commercially available reverse transcriptases (RTs). The employed RTs predominantly pause at the site of the unnatural nucleotide rTPT3 not being able to accept the dNaM building block as a substrate. This allows verification of the unnatural base position in RNA and an estimation of their abundance. In contrast, primer extension from an rNaM‐containing template results in considerably more full‐length cDNA. Furthermore, RTs that could potentially be able to handle an expanded genetic alphabet based on NaM:TPT3 are presented.
Macrocellular Titanosilicate Monoliths as Highly Efficient Structured Olefin Epoxidation Catalysts
Authors: Smeets Valentin , van den Biggelaar Ludivine , Barakat Tarek , Gaigneaux Eric M. , Debecker Damien P. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractSelf‐standing macrocellular titanosilicate monolith foams are obtained using a one‐pot sol‐gel route and show excellent performance in the epoxidation of cyclohexene. Thanks to the High Internal Phase Emulsion (HIPE) templating method, the materials feature a high void fraction, a hierarchically porous texture and good mechanical strength. Highly dispersed Ti species can be incorporated in tetrahedral coordination in the silica matrix. These characteristics allow the obtained ‘SiTi(HIPE)’ materials to reach high catalytic turnover in the epoxidation of cyclohexene. The monoliths can advantageously be used to run the reaction in continuous flow mode.
Conductive Cu‐Doped TiO2 Nanotubes for Enhanced Photoelectrochemical Methanol Oxidation and Concomitant Hydrogen Generation
Authors: Mohajernia Shiva , Hejazi Seyedsina , Andryskova Pavlina , Zoppellaro Giorgio , Tomanec Ondrej , Zboril Radek , Schmuki Patrik 
Published: February 2019

AbstractCu doping in titania is usually detrimental to the material's photoconductivity, which prevents the use of this combination in photoanodes. In this work, we produce TiO2 nanotube arrays intrinsically doped with copper and establish sufficient conductivity to use them as efficient photoanodes for methanol oxidation in a photoelectrochemical hydrogen generation setting. Firstly, Cu‐doped TiO2 nanotubes were produced by anodizing a Ti−Cu binary alloy. By subsequent thermal reduction of the structure in an Ar/H2 environment, conductive copper‐doped TiO2 nanotubes (TiCuTN−Ar/H2) can be achieved with an approximately 103 times higher conductivity than the non‐reduced material. When these reduced Cu‐doped TiO2 nanotubes are used as photoanode, copper species embedded in the TiO2 wall catalyze the methanol oxidation reaction. As a result of the combined effect of conductivity and catalytic effect of Cu, such reduced Cu:TiO2 nanotubes can generate a photocurrent of 0.76 mA cm−2 at 1 V vs. RHE, under AM1.5 (100 mW/Cm2) irradiation – in a 50 : 50 MeOH/water solution – this is 33 times higher than for pristine Cu:TiO2 nanotubes.
Thermally Induced trans‐to‐cis Isomerization and Its Photoinduced Reversal Monitored using Absorption and Luminescence: Cooperative Effect of Metal Coordination and Steric Substituent
Authors: Zhang Jun‐Quan , Zhang De‐Shan , Chen Qiu‐Jie , Xu Hai‐Bing , Kurmoo Mohamedally , Zeng Ming‐Hua 
Published: February 2019

AbstractFor ethene derivatives with large groups the cis‐isomer is often quite unstable and unavailable. Herein, we report an exception of two stable coordination complexes, (cis‐L)ZnCl2, starting from trans‐1,2‐bis(1‐R‐benzo[d]imidazol‐2‐yl)ethene (R=H, L1; R=CH3, L2) ligands under solvothermal condition (T ≥140 °C). Using the intensity of the absorption and luminescence spectra as probes we proposed its progressive cis‐to‐trans reversal upon irradiation with UV light, which was confirmed by powder X‐ray diffraction (PXRD). Similar results observed in the series of (cis‐L2)MIICl2 [M=Fe (4), Co (5), Ni (6)] demonstrate the universal strategy. The results of PXRD, NMR spectroscopy, ESI‐MS and DFT calculations support the above conclusion. NMR spectroscopy indicates that irradiation of 1 converts an optimized 71 % of the cis‐isomer to trans, whereas the free trans‐L1 ligand transforms to only 15 % cis‐isomer under similar conditions.
Sequential Cu‐Catalyzed Four‐ and Five‐Component Syntheses of Luminescent 3‐Triazolylquinoxalines
Authors: Merkt Franziska K. , Pieper Konstantin , Klopotowski Maximilian , Janiak Christoph , Müller Thomas J. J. 
Published: February 2019

Abstract3‐Triazolylquinoxalines can be readily synthesized by applying two complementary synthetic protocols starting from heterocyclic π nucleophiles or (hetero)aryl glyoxylic acids in a consecutive four‐ or five‐component reaction. Conceptually, the sequential use of a single cuprous salt for alkynylation and Cu‐catalyzed alkyne‐azide cycloaddition (CuAAC) in a one‐pot fashion sets the stage for activation‐alkynylation‐cyclocondensation‐CuAAC or glyoxylation‐alkynylation‐cyclocondensation‐CuAAC sequences in good yields. The diversity‐oriented generation of differently substituted 3‐triazolylquinoxalines is an excellent entry to tunable emission solvatorchromic fluorophores with triazole ligation. The electronic structure, corroborated by DFT and TD‐DFT calculations, rationalizes the charge transfer character of relevant absorptions and large Stokes shifts as well as the electronic innocence of the triazole substituents.
Synthesis and Characterization of [Br3][MF6] (M=Sb, Ir), as well as Quantum Chemical Study of [Br3]+ Structure, Chemical Bonding, and Relativistic Effects Compared with [XBr2]+ (X=Br, I, At, Ts) and [TsZ2]+ (Z=F, Cl, Br, I, At, Ts)
Authors: Ivlev Sergei I. , Gaul Konstantin , Chen Mengyi , Karttunen Antti J. , Berger Robert , Kraus Florian 
Published: February 2019

Abstract[Br3][SbF6] and [Br3][IrF6] were synthesized by interaction of BrF3 with Sb2O3 or iridium metal, respectively. The former compound crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group Pbcn (No. 60) with a=11.9269(7), b=11.5370(7), c=12.0640(6) Å, V=1660.01(16) Å3, Z=8 at 100 K. The latter compound crystallizes in the triclinic space group P
(No. 2) with a=5.4686(5), b=7.6861(8), c=9.9830(9) Å, α=85.320(8), β=82.060(7), γ=78.466(7)°, V=406.56(7) Å3, Z=2 at 100 K. Both compounds contain the cation [Br3]+, which has a bent structure and is coordinated by octahedron‐like anions [MF6]− (M=Sb, Ir). Experimentally obtained cell parameters, bond lengths, and angles are confirmed by solid‐state DFT calculations, which differ from the experimental values by less than 2 %. Relativistic effects on the structure of the tribromonium(1+) cation are studied computationally and found to be small. For the heaviest analogues containing At and Ts, however, pronounced relativistic effects are found, which lead to a linear structure of the polyhalogen cation.
Optimizing a Cooling‐Condensing Tower
Authors: Solà Cervera Jose L. , Daniel Andreas , Hoffmann Karin 
Published: February 2019

AbstractHeat recovery from a flue gas stream by cooling and condensation in a packed bed column is widely used to increase plant's energy efficiency. Mass transfer equipment manufacturers have the possibility to optimize the size of such cooling towers and therefore its derived investment costs through selection of best suitable mass/heat transfer components. In this work, a real industrial design case of a cooling‐condensing tower equipped with different high capacity random and structured packings is presented. The impact of the selected packings on tower dimensions and investment costs is evaluated and discussed.
Computational I(III)—X BDEs for Benziodoxol(on)e‐based Hypervalent Iodine Reagents: Implications for Their Functional Group Transfer Abilities
Authors: Yang Jin‐Dong , Li Man , Xue Xiao‐Song 
Published: February 2019

Summary of main observation and conclusionThe first comprehensive I(III)―X (X = F, Br, CN, N3, CF3, etc.) bond dissociation energy (BDE) scales for benziodoxol(on)e‐based hypervalent iodine reagents have been developed by virtue of DFT calculations. Excellent correlation is observed between the I(III)―X BDEs and the X―H BDEs, offering a powerful avenue to quickly estimate the group‐transfer ability of a novel benziodoxol(on)e‐based hypervalent reagent.
The complementary role of histology and proteomics for diagnosis and typing of systemic amyloidosis
Authors: Rezk Tamer , Gilbertson Janet A , Mangione P Patrizia , Rowczenio Dorota , Rendell Nigel B , Canetti Diana , Lachmann Helen J , Wechalekar Ashutosh D , Bass Paul , Hawkins Philip N , Bellotti Vittorio , Taylor Graham W , Gillmore Julian D 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe tissue diagnosis of amyloidosis and confirmation of fibril protein type, which are crucial for clinical management, have traditionally relied on Congo red (CR) staining followed by immunohistochemistry (IHC) using fibril protein specific antibodies. However, amyloid IHC is qualitative, non‐standardised, requires operator expertise, and not infrequently fails to produce definitive results. More recently, laser dissection mass spectrometry (LDMS) has been developed as an alternative method to characterise amyloid in tissue sections. We sought to compare these techniques in a real world setting. During 2017, we performed LDMS on 640 formalin‐fixed biopsies containing amyloid (CR+ve) comprising all 320 cases that could not be typed by IHC (IHC−ve) and 320 randomly selected CR+ve samples that had been typed (IHC+ve). In addition, we studied 60 biopsies from patients in whom there was a strong suspicion of amyloidosis, but in whom histology was non‐diagnostic (CR–ve). Comprehensive clinical assessments were conducted in 532 (76%) of cases. Among the 640 CR+ve samples, 602 (94%) contained ≥2 of 3 amyloid signature proteins (ASPs) on LDMS (ASP+ve) supporting the presence of amyloid. A total of 49 of the 60 CR‐ve samples were ASP–ve; 7 of 11 that were ASP+ve were glomerular. The amyloid fibril protein was identified by LDMS in 255 of 320 (80%) of the IHC–ve samples and in a total of 545 of 640 (85%) cases overall. The LDMS and IHC techniques yielded discordant results in only 7 of 320 (2%) cases. CR histology and LDMS are corroborative for diagnosis of amyloid, but LDMS is superior to IHC for confirming amyloid type.
A sponsorship action plan for increasing diversity in STEMM
Authors: Huston Wilhelmina M. , Cranfield Charles G. , Forbes Shari L. , Leigh Andy 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThere are numerous structural and cultural barriers to the progression of women and marginalized groups to leadership in academia, especially in Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathematics and Medicine (STEMM). A range of interventions have been described to address this inequity, with varying success. Here, we suggest that sponsorship could be one effective intervention and propose an institutional action plan to implement a sponsorship program in academia. We outline why sponsorship could be an effective strategy, especially if implemented through a deliberate program by an institution. We then detail the three components of an action plan to be considered in implementation: the elements of the program, the activities that sponsorship in academia likely encompasses, and the selection of sponsors and protégés. The plan could also be enacted by academic leadership in the absence of an institutional program and could serve as a guide to individuals in academia aspiring to address diversity and inclusion in STEMM.
An electromagnetic transient simulation model of grid‐connected inverters for dynamic voltage analysis of distribution systems
Authors: Sano Kenichiro , Yonezawa Rikido , Noda Taku 
Published: February 2019

AbstractTransient analysis is an indispensable tool for analyzing the voltage fluctuation of distribution systems according to the penetration of distributed generations with grid‐connected inverters. Electromagnetic transient (EMT) analysis is suitable for the purpose because it enables detailed modeling of the inverters and accurate simulation of their dynamic behavior. However, the EMT analysis requires a smaller calculation time step by a factor of 500 if the simulated power system includes the inverters. Simulation of the inverters is a bottleneck in speeding up the EMT analysis. This paper proposes a novel average‐value modeling method for the grid‐connected inverters. The proposed inverter model operates in a larger calculation time step, and speeds up the EMT analysis of distribution systems containing the inverters. The maximum error in the output power was 8% compared to the result by the conventional model. Dynamic voltage simulations are demonstrated with a test case, which includes tap changing transformers with a voltage controller and a photovoltaic generation facility. The proposed model reduces the required calculation time by a factor of 754 compared to the conventional model whereas there is no significant difference in the simulated result.
Reduced loop diuretic use in patients taking sacubitril/valsartan compared with enalapril: the PARADIGM‐HF trial
Authors: Vardeny Orly , Claggett Brian , Kachadourian Jessica , Desai Akshay S. , Packer Milton , Rouleau Jean , Zile Michael R. , Swedberg Karl , Lefkowitz Martin , Shi Victor , McMurray John J.V. , Solomon Scott D. 
Published: February 2019

AimsTo assess differences in diuretic dose requirements in patients treated with sacubitril/valsartan compared with enalapril in the Prospective comparison of ARNI with ACEI to Determine Impact on Global Mortality and morbidity in Heart Failure (PARADIGM‐HF) trial.Methods and resultsOverall, 8399 patients with New York Heart Association class II–IV heart failure and reduced LVEF were randomized to sacubitril/valsartan 200 mg bid or enalapril 10 mg twice daily. Loop diuretic doses were assessed at baseline, 6, 12, and 24 months, and furosemide dose equivalents were calculated via multiplication factors (2x for torsemide and 40x for bumetanide). Percentages of participants with reductions or increases in loop diuretic dose were determined. At baseline, 80.8% of participants were taking any diuretics (n = 6290 for loop diuretics, n = 496 for other diuretics); of those, recorded dosage data for loop diuretics were available on 5487 participants. Mean baseline furosemide equivalent doses were 48.2 mg for sacubitril/valsartan and 49.6 mg for enalapril (P = 0.25). Patients treated with sacubitril/valsartan were more likely to reduce diuretic dose and less likely to increase diuretic dose relative to those randomized to enalapril at 6, 12, 24 months post‐randomization, with an overall decreased diuretic use of 2.0% (P = 0.02), 4.1% (P < 0.001), and 6.1% (P < 0.001) at 6, 12, and 24 months, respectively, with similar findings in an on‐treatment analysis.ConclusionTreatment with sacubitril/valsartan was associated with more loop diuretic dose reductions and fewer dose increases compared with enalapril, suggesting that treatment with sacubitril/valsartan may reduce the requirement for loop diuretics relative to enalapril in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction.
Can acceptable quality angel food cakes be made using pasteurized shell eggs? The effects of mixing factors on functional properties of angel food cakes
Authors: Singh Ajaypal , Geveke David J. , Jones Deana R. , Tilman Eric D. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractDue to recent Salmonella outbreaks, the pasteurized shell egg market is rapidly growing. One objection to using pasteurized eggs is the belief that they will produce unacceptable angel food cakes. Eggs were pasteurized using a hot water immersion process (56.7°C for 60 min) similar to that used by industry. Angel food cakes were made from the pasteurized egg white (PEW) as well as from raw egg white (REW) for comparison. Meringues were made using three mixer speed settings (low, medium, and high) and three durations for each speed. Functional qualities such as egg foaming were evaluated. Angel food cakes were compared in terms of cake volume, texture profile, and color values. When the optimal processing factors used for REW were applied to PEW, an inferior meringue was formed. However, by increasing the mixing time for PEW by 200% at the highest speed, an acceptable meringue was formed. The best angel food cake prepared from PEW had a volume only 6.8% less than that of the best cake prepared from REW. Texture profile analyses showed that the best angel food cake made from PEW was 13% firmer, 7.4% less springy, and 62% chewier than that from REW. Color analyses showed that PEW made a slightly darker colored cake crust than REW, although there were no significant differences in the crumb color. Modifying the mixing conditions for PEW resulted in angel food cakes with quality similar to that of cakes made with REW, thus overcoming an objection to using safer pasteurized shell eggs.
Nobiletin induces growth inhibition and apoptosis in human nasopharyngeal carcinoma C666‐1 cells through regulating PARP‐2/SIRT1/AMPK signaling pathway
Authors: Zheng Guo Dong , Hu Ping Jun , Chao Ying Xin , Zhou Ying , Yang Xiu Juan , Chen Bai Zhong , Yu Xi Yong , Cai Yi 
Published: February 2019

AbstractBackground/AimNobiletin, a major polymethoxyflavones (PMFs) from citri reticulatae pericarpium (CRP), can inhibit several forms of cancer proliferation. However, the effects of nobiletin on nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) C666‐1 cells remain largely unknown.Materials and MethodsCell counting kit 8 (CCK8) assay was used to measure cell vitality. Flow cytometry was performed to measure the apoptosis rate. Quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR) and Western blot analysis were applied to determine the expression of mRNA and protein, respectively.ResultsWe showed that the proliferation rate of C666‐1 cells was inhibited and the apoptosis rate was raised after treating with nobiletin. Moreover, nobiletin inhibited the expression of poly(ADP‐ribose)polymerase‐2 (PARP‐2), and the tumor suppression effect of nobiletin on C666‐1 is associated with PARP‐2‐dependent pathway.ConclusionWe demonstrated for the first time that nobiletin inhibited the growth of C666‐1 cells, which may be relative to its regulation on PARP‐2/SIRT1/AMPK signaling pathway. Our result implied that nobiletin may serve as a strategy to treat nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
Bioinspired Soot‐Deposited Janus Fabrics for Sustainable Solar Steam Generation with Salt‐Rejection
Authors: Gao Shouwei , Dong Xiuli , Huang Jianying , Dong Jianing , Maggio Francesco Di , Wang Shanchi , Guo Fang , Zhu Tianxue , Chen Zhong , Lai Yuekun 
Published: February 2019

AbstractInspired by lotus leaves, self‐floating Janus cotton fabric is successfully fabricated for solar steam generation with salt‐rejecting property. The layer‐selective soot‐deposited fabrics not only act as a solar absorber but also provide the required superhydrophobicity for floating on the water. With a polyester protector, the prepared Janus evaporator exhibits a sustainable evaporation rate of 1.375 kW m−2 h−1 and an efficiency of 86.3% under 1 sun (1 kW m−2) and also performs well under low intensity and inclined radiation. Furthermore, no special apparatus and/or tedious processes are needed for preparing this device. With a cost of less than $1 per m2, this flexible Janus absorber is a promising tool for portable solar vapor generator.