bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The impact of an orthogeriatric intervention in patients with fragility fractures: A cohort study
Authors: Abrahamsen Charlotte , Nørgaard Birgitte , Draborg Eva , Nielsen Morten Frost 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background:
While orthogeriatric care to patients with hip fractures is established, the impact of similar intervention in patients with fragility fractures in general is lacking. Therefore, we aimed to assess the impact of an orthogeriatric intervention on postoperative complications and readmissions among patients admitted due to and surgically treated for fragility fractures.

Methods:
A prospective observational cohort study with a retrospective control was designed. A new orthogeriatric unit for acute patients of sixty-five years or older with fragility fractures in terms of hip, vertebral or appendicular fractures was opened on March 1, 2014. Patients were excluded if the fracture was cancer-related or caused by high-energy trauma, if the patient was operated on at another hospital, treated conservatively with no operation, or had been readmitted within the last month due to fracture-related complications.

Results:
We included 591 patients; 170 in the historical cohort and 421 in the orthogeriatric cohort. No significant differences were found between the two cohorts with regard to the proportion of participants experiencing complications (24.5% versus 28.3%, p = 0.36) or readmission within 30 days after discharge (14.1% vs 12.1%, p = 0.5). With both cohorts collapsed and adjusting for age, gender and CCI, the odds of having postoperative complications as a hip fracture patient was 4.45, compared to patients with an appendicular fracture (p < 0.001). Furthermore, patients with complications during admission were at a higher risk of readmission within 30 days than were patients without complications (22.3% vs 9.5%; p < 0.001).

Conclusions:
In older patients admitted with fragility fractures, our model of orthogeriatric care showed no significant differences regarding postoperative complications or readmissions compared to the traditional care. However, we found significantly higher odds of having postoperative complications among patients admitted with a hip fracture compared to other fragility fractures. Additionally, our study reveals an increased risk of being readmitted within 30 days for patients with postoperative complications.
Predictive Role of Psychosocial Factors in Older Adults Life Satisfaction
Authors: Papi Shahab , Cheraghi Maria 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background: The older adults are a part of society whose population is increasing as science progresses and health conditions improve. Social, psychological and behavioral factors will be influenced on life satisfaction in older adults. We aimed to predictive role of psychosocial factors in life satisfaction older adults. Methods: It was a descriptive-analytical study which has conducted on 679 older adults through convenience sampling from Qom city during 2018. The data were collected using demographic characteristics, life satisfaction, well-being, cognitive status, social support, and daily activities of life. Data were analyzed by SPSS software version 22 and independent t-test, ANOVA, Pearson’s correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis. Results: The mean and standard deviation of older adults age was 70.43 ± 7.62 years. The mean life satisfaction score was 13.77 ± 3.73. The results showed a significant relationship between job and education with life satisfaction (P <0.001). The results also showed that social support (P= 0.001) and daily activities (P= 0.017) significantly predict the level of life satisfaction, and the dimensions of health (P= 0.001) and cognitive status (P= 0.007) have a larger share in predicting the satisfaction of older adults life. Conclusion: We found that some parts of life changes in older adults can be predicted with the help of social support, health status, cognitive status, and everyday life activities. Therefore, in order to increase the level of satisfaction of older adults life, it is suggested that the field of promotion of social support, health status, and cognitive status be provided.
Enhanced quantitative urine culture technique, a slight modification, in detecting under-diagnosed pediatric urinary tract infection
Authors: Thapaliya Januka , Khadka Priyatam , Thapa Shovana , Gongal Chenu 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Objectives
The pediatric urinary tract infection (UTI) often remains under-diagnosed or neglected owing to non-specific clinical presentations, patient failing to describe the actual situation, and of clinical practice in diagnosis—relying upon on in-vitro culture report. The study was aimed to determine the etiologies of UTI in children with enhanced quantitative urine culture technique (EQUC).
Results
Of 570 urine samples, the significant bacterial growth detected: 16.14% with EQUC, and12.8% with standard urine culture protocol. 20.6% causative isolates to UTI, as detected, with EQUC, missed on standard urine culture (SUC) technique. The age group, in range 1-4 years, was more prone to the infection, where E. coli was the commonest pathogen. EQUC detected the etiologies—MDR, XDR, and ESBL producers; as reported: “no growth” with the SUC technique. 69 E. coli isolates grown with EQUC technique when subjected to susceptibility testing: 46% were ESBL producer, 56.5% were multidrug-resistant (MDR), and 1.4% found extensive drug-resistant (XDR). However, with SUC technique: 40.5% ESBL, 44% MDR but no XDR detected. Hence a simple modification on culture protocol could be a crucial modification for the detection of etiologies contributing UTI, and to reduce inapt antimicrobial burden.
Keywords UTI, EQUC, uropathogens, children, ESBL, MDR, XDR
Environmental Parameters Affecting the Concentration of Iodine in New Zealand Pasture
Authors: Jensen Hayley , Orth Barbara , Reiser Rene , Bürge Diane , Lehto Niklas J. , Almond Peter , Gaw Sally , Thomson Barbara , Lilburne Linda , Robinson Brett 
Published: August 2019

Iodine (I) is an essential trace element commonly deficient in agricultural systems. Whereas there is much information on I in food crops, there is a lacuna of knowledge on the environmental factors that affect pasture I concentrations. We aimed to identify the most important environmental factors affecting the concentration of I in New Zealand pastures, and the consequences to agricultural systems. Soil and pastoral samples were collected throughout the country and analyzed for I and other elements. The soils contained 1.1 to 86 mg I kg−1, with 0.005 to 1.4 mg kg−1 in the pasture. In 26% of pastures, I concentrations were insufficient for sheep nutrition, whereas 87% contained insufficient I for cattle nutrition. Pasture I concentrations were negatively correlated with the distance from the sea, and the concentration of oxalate‐extractable amorphous Al, Fe, and Si oxides, which immobilize soil I. Soil organic C and clay increased I retention in soil but did not significantly affect pasture I concentrations. Future work should investigate how soil properties affect pasture I uptake in inland areas.Core Ideas
87% of New Zealand pastures contained insufficient iodine for cattle.
Pasture I levels are higher close to the sea.
Pasture I levels are lower in soil that is high in Fe and Al (oxyhydr)oxides.
Methane Emissions from Estuarine Coastal Wetlands: Implications for Global Change Effect
Authors: Liu Lijie , Wang Dongqi , Chen Shu , Yu Zhongjie , Xu Yunkai , Li Yu , Ge Zhenming , Chen Zhenlou 
Published: August 2019

Core Ideas
We investigated estuarine environmental factors on CH4 flux from two vegetation communities.
Warming significantly affected on CH4 emission from the Phragmites australis community.
There was a significant correlation between CH4 flux and water level in both communities.
Salinity significantly affects CH4 emissions from the Phragmites australis community.
The interaction between temperature and water level was the most important factor controlling CH4 flux.
Global warming, rising sea levels, and saltwater intrusion interact to affect carbon cycling, specifically methane (CH4) flux in estuarine coastal wetlands. In the present study, Phragmites australis and Spartina alterniflora communities in the intertidal zone of the Yangtze estuary were selected for investigating CH4 flux under different temperature (natural/warming), water level (high/low), and salinity (0, 5, 15, and 30‰) conditions. The average CH4 flux (from April to October 2016) under natural conditions was 141.0 ± 21.5 and 502.8 ± 65.3 μmol m−2 h−1 for P. australis and S. alterniflora communities, respectively. Warming had a particularly pronounced effect on CH4 emissions from the P. australis community and increased CH4 flux by 130%. There was a significant correlation between CH4 flux and water level; at high water levels, CH4 flux was 2.64‐ and 3.78‐fold higher in P. australis and S. alterniflora communities, respectively. Salinity had a significant pronounced effect on CH4 emissions from the P. australis community, and there was a clear order (5‰ > 15‰ > 0‰ > 30‰) in CH4 flux. The interaction between temperature and water level was the most important factor controlling CH4 flux from wetlands; CH4 emissions were greater at higher temperature and higher water levels. However, at low water level, the effect of salinity was more prominent. The results suggest that CH4 flux from estuarine wetlands could be further enhanced in the future under the influence of rising sea levels due to global warming.
Effect of Antioxidants as Preservatives in the Outer and Inner Shells of Watermelon (Citrullus Lanatus)
Authors: IŞIK Mesut 
Published: August 2019

Watermelons (Citrullus lanatus) that are known to be beneficial to human health are widely consumed. The study was performed out to investigate the phytochemical components, free radical scavenging activities and nutritive contents of the outer and inner shells of C. lanatus. For this purpose, the study was determined the total flavonoid/phenolic content and antioxidant activity of ethanol extract prepared from outer and inner shells. The antioxidant activity was determined by in vitro experimental method, such as CUPRAC, DPPH, FRAP and potassium thiocyanate method. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents in outer and inner shell of C. lanatus were found to be 40.5 and 32.4 mg GAE g-1 and 12.6 and 5.8 mg QE g-1, respectively. The concentration of ethanol extract obtained from C. Lanatus outer and inner shell (20 μg/mL) has inhibition of maximum lipid peroxidation in rate % 73.2 and % 72.0 respectively compared to that of α-Tokoferol (% 85.3) at the same concentration. As a result, the outer and inner shells have metal reduction capacity and moderate free radical removal activity and also inhibited the lipid peroxidation process. Therefore, C. Lanatus's especially the outer shell may have a natural ingredient that acts as radical scavengers, inhibits or delays the oxidation and prolongs the shelf life of nutrients by delaying the lipid peroxidation.
Translational Theragnosis of Ovarian Cancer: where do we stand?
Authors: Perrone Maria Grazia , Luisi Oreste , De Grassi Anna , Ferorelli Savina , Cormio Gennaro , Scilimati Antonio 
Published: August 2019

Background:Ovarian cancer is the second most common gynecologic malignancy, accounting for approximately 220,000 deaths annually worldwide. Despite radical surgery and initial high response rates to platinum- and taxane-based chemotherapy, most patients experience a relapse, with a median progression-free survival of only 18 months. Overall survival is approximately 30% at 5 years from the diagnosis. In comparison, patients out from breast cancer are more than 80 % after ten years from the disease discovery. In spite of a large number of published fundamental and applied research, and clinical trials, novel therapies are urgently needed to improve outcomes of the ovarian cancer. The success of new drugs development in ovarian cancer will strongly depend on both fully genomic disease characterization and, then, availability of biomarkers able to identify women likely to benefit from a given new therapy.Methods:In this review, the focus is given to describe how complex is the diseases under the simple name of ovarian cancer, in terms of cell tumor types, histotypes, subtypes, and specific gene mutation or differently expressed in the tumor with respect the healthy ovary. The first- and second-line pharmacological treatment clinically used over the last fifty years are also described. Noteworthy achievements in vitro and in vivo tested new drugs are also summarized. Recent literature related to up to date ovarian cancer knowledge, its detection by biomarkers and chemotherapy was searched from several articles on Pubmed, Google Scholar, MEDLINE and various Governmental Agencies till April 2019.Results:The papers referenced by this review allow a deep analysis of status of the art in the classification of the several types of ovarian cancer, the present knowledge of diagnosis based on biomarkers and imaging techniques, and the therapies developed over the past five decades.Conclusion:This review aims at stimulating more multi-disciplinary efforts to identify a panel of novel and more specific biomarkers to be used to screen patients for a very early diagnosis, to have prognosis and therapy efficacy indications. The desired final goal would be to have available tools allowing to reduce the recurrence rate, increase both the disease progression free interval and of course the overall survival at five years from the diagnosis that today is still very low.
Colorectal Adenocarcinoma: Imaging using 5-Fluoracil Nanoparticles Labeled with Technetium 99 Metastable
Authors: Almeida Junior Julio Cezar de , Helal-Neto Edward , Pinto Suyene R. , Dos Santos Sofia Nascimento , Bernardes Emerson S. , Al-Qahtani Mohammed , Nigro Fiammetta , Alencar Luciana M.R. , Ricci-Junior Eduardo , Santos-Oliveira Ralph 
Published: August 2019

Background:
Adenocarcinoma of colon and rectum are one of the most common cancers worldwide,
responsible for over 1,300,000 people diagnosed. Also, they are responsible for metastasis, which leads to death
in less than 5 years.

Methods:
In this study, we developed, characterized, and pre-clinically tested a new nano-radiopharmaceutical
for early and differential detection of adenocarcinoma of colon and rectum.

Results and Conclusion:
Results demonstrated the specificity of the developed nanosystem and the ability to
reach the tumor with very specific targeting. Also, the imaging data support the use of this nano-agent as a nanoimaging-
guided-radiopharmaceutical.
Advances in Current Diabetes Proteomics: From the Perspectives of Label- free Quantification and Biomarker Selection
Authors: Fu Jianbo , Luo Yongchao , Mou Minjie , Zhang Hongning , Tang Jing , Wang Yunxia , Zhu Feng 
Published: August 2019

Background:Due to its prevalence and negative impacts on both the economy and society, the diabetes mellitus (DM) has emerged as a worldwide concern. In light of this, the label-free quantification (LFQ) proteomics and diabetic marker selection methods have been applied to elucidate the underlying mechanisms associated with insulin resistance, explore novel protein biomarkers, and discover innovative therapeutic protein targets.Objective:The purpose of this manuscript is to review and analyze the recent computational advances and development of label-free quantification and diabetic marker selection in diabetes proteomics.Methods:Web of Science database, PubMed database and Google Scholar were utilized for searching label-free quantification, computational advances, feature selection and diabetes proteomics.Results:In this study, we systematically review the computational advances of label-free quantification and diabetic marker selection methods which were applied to get the understanding of DM pathological mechanisms. Firstly, different popular quantification measurements and proteomic quantification software tools which have been applied to the diabetes studies are comprehensively discussed. Secondly, a number of popular manipulation methods including transformation, pretreatment (centering, scaling, and normalization), missing value imputation methods and a variety of popular feature selection techniques applied to diabetes proteomic data are overviewed with objective evaluation on their advantages and disadvantages. Finally, the guidelines for the efficient use of the computationbased LFQ technology and feature selection methods in diabetes proteomics are proposed.Conclusion:In summary, this review provides guidelines for researchers who will engage in proteomics biomarker discovery and by properly applying these proteomic computational advances, more reliable therapeutic targets will be found in the field of diabetes mellitus.
Effectiveness of Post-Mortem Computed Tomography (PMCT) in Comparison with Conventional Autopsy: A Systematic Review
Authors: Uthandi Deveshini , Sabarudin Akmal , Mohd Zanariah , Rahman Mohd Amiruddin Abd , Karim Muhammad Khalis Abdul 
Published: August 2019

Background:
With the advancement of technology, Computed Tomography (CT) scan
imaging can be used to gain deeper insight into the cause of death.

Aims:
The purpose of this study was to perform a systematic review of the efficacy of Post-
Mortem Computed Tomography (PMCT) scan compared with the conventional autopsies gleaned
from literature published in English between the year 2009 and 2016.

Methodology:
A literature search was conducted on three databases, namely PubMed, MEDLINE,
and Scopus. A total of 387 articles were retrieved, but only 21 studies were accepted after meeting
the review criteria. Data, such as the number of victims, the number of radiologists and forensic
pathologists involved, causes of death, and additional and missed diagnoses in PMCT scans were
tabulated and analysed by two independent reviewers.

Results:
Compared with the conventional autopsy, the accuracy of PMCT scans in detecting injuries
and causes of death was observed to range between 20% and 80%. The analysis also showed
that PMCT had more advantages in detecting fractures, fluid in airways, gas in internal organs,
major hemorrhages, fatty liver, stones, and bullet fragments. Despite its benefits, PMCT could
also miss certain important lesions in a certain region such as cardiovascular injuries and minor
vascular injuries.

Conclusion:
This systematic review suggests that PMCT can replace most of the conventional
autopsies in specific cases and is also a good complementary tool in most cases.
Monolinguals and Bilinguals Differ in Performance on the Taboo Stroop Task
Authors: Okada Kayoko , He Grace , Gonzales Alisa 
Published: August 2019

Background:Decades of research investigating cognitive performance differences between bilinguals and monolinguals suggest that these two populations differ in executive functioning. Studies have found that bilinguals often outperform monolinguals in a variety of Executive Function (EF) tasks. However, recent reviews of the literature suggest that the bilingual advantages previously reported may be overstated, particularly when linguistic materials are used in the study.Methods:The present study examined differences in cognitive inhibition using emotionally charging words in a taboo Stroop task. Monolingual and bilingual native English speakers were recruited for the study. The Stroop task consisted of half neutral words and half taboo (emotional) words used in previously published studies.Results and Conclusion:Consistent with previous research, we found that participants were slower to respond to taboo words, and these words were better recalled than neutral words. Contrary to our initial prediction of a bilingual speed advantage, bilinguals had slower response times compared to monolingual participants. Our results lend support to the growing body of research that bilingualism does not enhance domain-general executive functioning.
An Assessment of Physical Activity Data Collected via a Smartphone App and a Smart Band in Breast Cancer Survivors: Observational Study
Authors: Chung Il Yong , Jung Miyeon , Lee Sae Byul , Lee Jong Won , Park Yu Rang , Cho Daegon , Chung Haekwon , Youn Soyoung , Min Yul Ha , Park Hye Jin , Lee Minsun , Chung Seockhoon , Son Byung Ho , Ahn Sei-Hyun 
Published: August 2019

Background
Although distress screening is crucial for cancer survivors, it is not easy for clinicians to recognize distress. Physical activity (PA) data collected by mobile devices such as smart bands and smartphone apps have the potential to be used to screen distress in breast cancer survivors.

Objective
The aim of this study was to assess data collection rates of smartphone apps and smart bands in terms of PA data, investigate the correlation between PA data from mobile devices and distress-related questionnaires from smartphone apps, and demonstrate factors associated with data collection with smart bands and smartphone apps in breast cancer survivors.

Methods
In this prospective observational study, patients who underwent surgery for breast cancer at Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea, between June 2017 and March 2018 were enrolled and asked to use both a smartphone app and smart band for 6 months. The overall compliance rates of the daily PA data collection via the smartphone walking apps and wearable smart bands were analyzed in a within-subject manner. The longitudinal daily collection rates were calculated to examine the dropout pattern. We also performed multivariate linear regression analysis to examine factors associated with compliance with daily collection. Finally, we tested the correlation between the count of daily average steps and distress level using Pearson correlation analysis.

Results
A total of 160 female patients who underwent breast cancer surgeries were enrolled. The overall compliance rates for using a smartphone app and smart bands were 88.0% (24,224/27,513) and 52.5% (14,431/27,513), respectively. The longitudinal compliance rate for smartphone apps was 77.8% at day 180, while the longitudinal compliance rate for smart bands rapidly decreased over time, reaching 17.5% at day 180. Subjects who were young, with other comorbidities, or receiving antihormonal therapy or targeted therapy showed significantly higher compliance rates to the smartphone app. However, no factor was associated with the compliance rate to the smart band. In terms of the correlation between the count of daily steps and distress level, step counts collected via smart band showed a significant correlation with distress level.

Conclusions
Smartphone apps or smart bands are feasible tools to collect data on the physical activity of breast cancer survivors. PA data from mobile devices are correlated with participants’ distress data, which suggests the potential role of mobile devices in the management of distress in breast cancer survivors.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03072966; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03072966