bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electron temperatures of flare plasmas from emission line fluxes
Authors: Houdebine E.R. , Butler C.J. , Rodono M. , Panagi P.M. , Foing B.H. 
Published: May 2019

SummaryWe present spectral diagnostics for the fluxes of emission lines, in the spectral range 3600-4400 Å, during the cooling phase of stellar flares on dMe stars. Using these diagnostics, electron temperatures have been computed for flares on AD Leonis, Proxima Centauri and UV Ceti. This preliminary model assumes a single flare loop containing a homogeneous, stationary optically-thin flare plasma.
A Flare on AD Leo observed in Optical, UV and Microwaves
Authors: Byrne P.B. , Gary D.E. 
Published: May 2019

SummaryWe report a simultaneous IUE, VLA and ground-based photometric observation of a flare on the dMe star, AD Leo, on 2nd February 1903. The optical flare was extremely impulsive, lasting in total only about 3 mins. A relatively longlived 6 cm flare was observed with the VLA which was initially 100% polarized. An IUE spectrum, taken ≈ 8 min after the onset of the optical U band flare, shows motu than a factor of 2 increase in the Ha II λ 1640Å emission line. The other mid-transition region lines such as C IV λλ154B/52Å show almost no response.
Spectral Observations of a Large Stellar Flare
Authors: Robinson R.D. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractHigh time resolution, moderate spectral resolution spectra were taken during the decay phase of a ΔU > 3 magnitude flare on the dM5.5e star Wolf 424. This flare shows intense, broad Balmer line emission with extended wings, narrow Call lines and numerous weak emission lines from neutral and singly ionized metals. The time history shows substantial, short-lived enhancements in the line emission. These variations are not always seen in association with continuum enhancements.
An analysis of the continuum light in the 3500 – 8500Å region from a flare observed on the dwarf M star Gliese 234AB (= V577 Mon)
Authors: Doyle J.G. , van den Oord G.H.J. , Butler C.J. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractRelative energies are given for the U, B, V, R and I bands for a-3.8 magnitude U-band flare observed on the dwarf dMe star Gl 234 AB on 28 Feb 1985. This flare had a 45 second rise time and 20 minute decay time. The total flare energy from all five bands during the flare was 7 1031 erg, 34% of this total was from the U-band and 20% from the two near infrared R and I bands. The energy density (per frequency interval) implied a rising continuum towards the red, however this only lasted for approximately 20-40 seconds, i.e. during the impulsive phase, after-which the excess flare emission could not be detected in tlie near infrared bands. Of the various models fitted to the flare data (i.e. optical synchrotron, bound-free emission and free-free emission), bound-free emission seems the most promising.
A giant X-ray flare from a B9 + Post-T Tauri system detected by EXOSAT
Authors: Tagliaferri G. , Giommi P. , Angelini L. , Osborne J.P. , Pallavicini R. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractWe report the serendipitous discovery by EXOSAT of a flaring X-ray source in the field of the Seyfert type I galaxy III ZW 2. We identify this source with the visual binary HD 560 (B9V + G5Ve) and argue that virtually all of the observed X-ray flux, including the flare, came from its late-type component (HD 560 B). Optical studies have lead to the identification of HD 560 B as a post-T Tauri star. Since these stars are difficult to detect by optical methods, X-ray observations may prove to be the best way to identify them.
Long-Term Evolution of Starspot and Chromospheric Activity and Short-Term Light Variability of HK Lacertae
Authors: Olah Katalin 
Published: May 2019

AbstractOn the basis of 11 years of UBV photometry the light and color variability of the long-period RS CVn binary HK Lac (KOIII) is discussed. From the U-B data, which reflect the chromospheric activity, a quasi-periodic variation with the cycle length of about 5.5 years is suspected. Less evidently, a 2.7 years long overall spot coverage cycle is seen from the V(max) data.No cyclic variation is found from the B-V data representing the photospheric temperature conditions, although there is an indication that the star was the reddest around 1985, when the chromospheric activity was in maximum.At that time, in late 1985, we observed the star on 6 nights in UBV color in order to detect short-term variability. Fluctuations up to 0.03 magn. on time scales of 20-30 minutes were likely present. The mplitude is the highest in U colour.
Sky Survey of Flare Stars and Variable Stars – A Summary of Twelve Years' Cooperative Observation
Authors: Jianhua Sun Yili Tong 
Published: May 2019

AbstractWe have been observing in the Sco-Oph dark cloud region for 12 years. We have only reduced a small part of the plates. Nevertheless, 12 new flare stars and more than 40 new variables stars have been found. Besides, we have discovered a new subgroup of RR stars in the-globular cluster M4.
Video Magnetic Field and Velocity Fields of Solar Flares and Relative Active Region
Authors: Guoxiang Ai , Jing Li 
Published: May 2019

By means of Solar Magnetic Field Telescope, the fine structure of video magnetic fields (5324A) and sight-of-line velocity fields (4861A) of flare active region on July 23 (E53, S19) and Aug. 8(W25, S28) in 1987 has been obtained. The main characters are following:1. The flares occur in places where there are compressive and osmotic motion between opposite magnetic poles. In some causes, the osmotic opposite magnetic pole dissipates after the flares.
Spectral Analysis of a White Light Flare
Authors: R. Boyer , P. Sotirovski 
Published: May 2019

AbstractWe discuss observations of a solar flare located close to the limb (N15, W75) at 07 00 UT on 26 September 1963 from the Crimean Astrophysical observatory.Stark broadening and hence electron density have been obtained from measured time profile and half-width of the Baliner series lines from Hα to H M.The emission mechanism has been deduced from a study of the continuum intensity as a function of wavelength.
An Analytical Study of the Structure of Two-Dimensional Magnetostatic Equilibria in the Presence of Gravity
Authors: Amari T. , Aly J.J. 
Published: May 2019

In order to understand how prominences are supported in the solar corona, we have recently developed several 2D models describing x-invariant equilibrium configurations of a plasma occupying a half-space {z > 0} and submitted to a magnetic field then of the form(1)
The Model of the Impulsive Phase of Stellar Flares
Authors: Grinin V.P. , Sobolev V.V. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe arguments in favour of that the primary heating of the gas at the impulsive phase of stellar flares is caused by charged particles of higher energies than in the solar flares are given. It is shown that the model of the deep heating by high energy protons (E ≃ 10 MeV) or electrons (E ≃ 100 keV) with taken into account of the radiative transfer in flare region explane the main properties of the optical continuum of the flare.
Plasma Wave Generation by Thick Target Electron Beams in Solar Flares
Authors: McClements K.G. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractWe investigate numerically the effect of a finite density gradient on the Langmir wavelevel produced by an electron beam in the flaring solar corona. The energy losses and associated plasma heating resulting from the presence of a beam-neutralizing reverse current are taken into account. The density and temperature structure of the background plasma are determined self-consistently, assuming steady state energy balance and hydrostatic equilibrium. The implications of our results for flare acceleration mechanisms are discussed.
Particles and Energy Transport in the Solar Atmosphere during Solar Flares
Authors: D. Heristchi , M.A. Raadu , J.-C. Vial , J.-M. Malherbe 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe proposed model of particles transport in the solar atmosphere during flares consists in a low density plasmoid originating deep in the atmosphere and rising under magnetic and buoyancy forces. Confined particles are selectively released during the ascent and their interaction with the solar atmosphere produces X and γ bremsstrahlung. The characteristics of high energy particles released in the interplanetary medium are found to agree with observations.
On the Possibility of Local Magnetic Field Intensification in Evaporating Chromospheric Solar Flare Plasma
Authors: Dermendjiev V. N. , Buyukliev G. T. , Panayotova I. Ph. 
Published: May 2019

The investigations of plasma motions at the initial phases of solar flares (Antonucci and Dennis, 1983; Doschek, 1983; Watanabe, 1987) suggest evaporation from the chromospheric flaring area. According to de Jager (1983) when seen at the limb the evaporated plasma will look like a “convective plume” and it can be seen separated from heated footpoint areas.The subject of this work is the study of the possibility of forming hydrodynamic structures o-f thermal and starting plume's kind at the time of evaporation of the upper chromosphere in a flaring area. Also the possibility of increasing an initial magnetic field by a periodically moving vortex in a plume structure is investigated.
Solar Magnetic Fields and Dynamo Process
Authors: Brandenburg A. , Tuominen I. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractWe have computed kineamtic dynamo models for the Sun making realistic assumptions about the different induction effects. Recent results of helioseismology are used to infer the differential rotation. By changing the value of the angular velocity at the bottom of the convection zone in the models we find more or less agreement with the observations.
Amorphous X-Ray Scattering in Coals and Devolatilized Coal By-Products
Authors: Wertz David L. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe X-ray powder pattern of a partially combusted coal product has been separated into its diffraction component (caused by die crystalline minerals present in the sample) and its amorphous scattering component which is due to the fixed carbon retained in the sample. Analysis of the atompair intensity of the amorphous scattering component indicates that the molecular scatterer(s) in the fixed carbon fraction are similar, at least in short range structural details, to those in an amorphous carbon black sample which was prepared by high temperature combustion of polynuclear aromatic materials.
X-Ray Powder Data for Two μ3-Oxo-Hexakis-(μ2-Carboxyl-atopyridine-O,O) triaquachromium(III) Perchlorates: {[Cr3O(C6H5NO2)6(H2O)3](ClO4)7· 3NaClO4· 0.5(C6H5NO2)· 3H2O} and {[Cr3O(C6H5NO2)6(H2O)3](ClO4)7 · 6NaClO4·3H2O}
Authors: Mullica D.F. , Bradshaw J.E. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractIndexed X-ray diffraction powder data for {[Cr3O(C6H5NO2)6(H2O)3](CIO4)7 · 3NaCIO4·0.5(C6H5NO2)· 3H2O}, INICCR (isonicotinato) and {[Cr3O(C6H5NO2)6(H2O)3] (CIO4)7·6NaCIO4·3H2O}, PICOCR (picolinato) are reported. Both INICCR and PICOCR crystallize in the hexagonal space group P63/m. Crystal data determined for INICCR are a = 13.838(3) Å, c = 25.038(8) Å, V = 4152.2 Å3, Dx = 1.71 Mg m−3 (Dm = 1.66(5) Mg m−3), F25 = 26.5(0.020,47) and for PICOCR are a = 13.966(4) Å, c = 24.518(6) Å, V = 4141.5 Å3, Dx = 1.96 Mg m−3 (Dm = 1.94(4) Mg m−3), F21 = 17.9(0.023,51). The JCPDS Diffraction File Number for INICCR is 38-1992 and for PICOCR is 38-1993.
Standard X-Ray Diffraction Powder Patterns of Fourteen Ceramic Phases
Authors: Wong-Ng Winnie , McMurdie Howard F. , Paretzkin Boris , Kuchinski Madeline A. , Dragoo Alan L. 
Published: May 2019

The following fourteen reference patterns of boride, telluride, and oxide ceramics are reported. Included in the fourteen reference patterns are data for six high Tc superconducting oxide and related phases (Ba2CaCu2TI2O8, BaCuEu2O5, BaCuTm2O5, BaCuDy2O5, Ba3.2Cu1.7Y0.8O6.1·xCO2, Sr2Bi2O5). The general methods of producing these X-ray powder diffraction reference patterns are described in this journal, Vol. 1, No. 1, pg. 40 (1986).Samples were mixed with one or two internal standards: silicon (SRM640a), silver, tungsten, or fluorophlogopite (SRM675). Expected 2θ values for these internal standards are specified in the methods described (ibid.). Data were measured with a computer controlled step-scanning diffractometer. The POWDER-PATTERN system of computer programs was used to locate peak positions, to calibrate the patterns, and to perform variable indexing and least-squares cell refinement. A check on the overall internal consistency of the data was also provided by a computer method.Intensities were measured as peak heights above background and were read manually from strip charts. To minimize preferred orientation effects, the powders were passed through a 400 mesh sieve and were mixed with an amorphous diluent, silica gel. Sample mounts were prepared by side-drifting and/or by dusting a thin layer of sample on a glass slide coated with a thin smear of silicone grease.
Synaptic inhibition tunes contrast computation in the retina
Authors: Oesch Nicholas W. , Diamond Jeffrey S. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractInhibition shapes activity and signal processing in neural networks through numerous mechanisms mediated by many different cell types. Here, we examined how one type of GABAergic interneuron in the retina, the A17 amacrine cell, influences visual information processing. Our results suggest that A17s, which make reciprocal feedback inhibitory synapses onto rod bipolar cell (RBC) synaptic terminals, extend the luminance range over which RBC synapses compute temporal contrast and enhance the reliability of contrast signals over this range. Inhibition from other amacrine cells does not influence these computational features. Although A17-mediated feedback is mediated by both GABAA and GABAC receptors, the latter plays the primary role in extending the range of contrast computation. These results identify specific functions for an inhibitory interneuron subtype, as well as specific synaptic receptors, in a behaviorally relevant neural computation.
Attitudes of Teachers and Parents in the Australian Capital Territory (A.C.T.) Towards the Integration of Moderately Intellectually Handicapped Children
Authors: Parmenter Trevor R. , Nash Rieke 
Published: May 2019

This paper is a partial report of an investigation into the integration program at two A.C.T. special schools catering for moderately and severely intellectually handicapped children. Teachers and parents of the children at the special schools completed questionnaires concerning the conduct and outcomes of the program. The opinions of teachers at the regular schools were obtained by personal interview.Overall there were positive attitudes expressed towards the program. Areas of concern include the level of support required for the regular class teacher, the level of preparation the handicapped children required before integration commenced, a worry of parents that handicapped children may be exposed to unnecessary pressures in the regular school system, and the fact that mere exposure of a handicapped child to a regular school environment may not lead to effective integration in the larger community.
Feasibility randomized controlled trial of a one-day CBT workshop (‘DISCOVER’) for 15- to 18-year-olds with anxiety and/or depression in clinic settings
Authors: Loucas Christina E. , Sclare Irene , Stahl Daniel , Michelson Daniel 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBackground:‘DISCOVER’ one-day cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) workshops have been developed to provide accessible, developmentally sensitive psychological support for older adolescents experiencing emotional difficulties. Previous school-based evaluations of the DISCOVER model have shown positive outcomes.Aims:The current study aimed to test the model for clinically referred adolescents, in real-world settings.Method:A randomized controlled trial (RCT) assessed feasibility, acceptability and preliminary outcomes of the DISCOVER intervention, in comparison with usual care, for 15- to 18-year-olds with emotional difficulties. Participants were recruited from outpatient clinic waiting lists in UK child and adolescent mental health services (CAMHS). Research feasibility indicators included rates of recruitment, randomization, intervention participation (group workshops and individualized follow-up telephone calls), and data collection (at baseline and 8-week follow-up). Intervention acceptability was assessed using a structured service satisfaction questionnaire and semi-structured qualitative interviews with intervention participants. Preliminary clinical outcomes were explored using adolescent-reported validated measures of depression, anxiety and well-being.Results:n = 24 participants were randomized to intervention and usual care groups. Workshop attendance was good and high levels of treatment satisfaction were reported, although feasibility challenges emerged in recruitment and randomization. Trends were found towards potential improvements in anxiety and well-being for the intervention group, but the effect estimate for depression was imprecise; interpretability was also limited due to the small sample size.Conclusions:DISCOVER appears to be a feasible and acceptable intervention model for clinically referred 15- to 18-year-olds with emotional difficulties. A full-scale RCT is warranted to evaluate effectiveness; protocol modifications may be necessary to ensure feasible recruitment and randomization procedures.
Exploring Heterogeneity on the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test in Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders: A Cluster Analytical Investigation
Authors: Carruthers Sean P. , Gurvich Caroline T. , Meyer Denny ,   Australian Schizophrenia Research Bank, Bousman Chad , Everall Ian P. , Neill Erica , Pantelis Christos , Sumner Philip J. , Tan Eric J. , Thomas Elizabeth H.X. , Van Rheenen Tamsyn E. , Rossell Susan L. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractObjectives: The Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) is a complex measure of executive function that is frequently employed to investigate the schizophrenia spectrum. The successful completion of the task requires the interaction of multiple intact executive processes, including attention, inhibition, cognitive flexibility, and concept formation. Considerable cognitive heterogeneity exists among the schizophrenia spectrum population, with substantive evidence to support the existence of distinct cognitive phenotypes. The within-group performance heterogeneity of individuals with schizophrenia spectrum disorder (SSD) on the WCST has yet to be investigated. A data-driven cluster analysis was performed to characterise WCST performance heterogeneity. Methods: Hierarchical cluster analysis with k-means optimisation was employed to identify homogenous subgroups in a sample of 210 schizophrenia spectrum participants. Emergent clusters were then compared to each other and a group of 194 healthy controls (HC) on WCST performance and demographic/clinical variables. Results: Three clusters emerged and were validated via altered design iterations. Clusters were deemed to reflect a relatively intact patient subgroup, a moderately impaired patient subgroup, and a severely impaired patient subgroup. Conclusions: Considerable within-group heterogeneity exists on the WCST. Identification of subgroups of patients who exhibit homogenous performance on measures of executive functioning may assist in optimising cognitive interventions. Previous associations found using the WCST among schizophrenia spectrum participants should be reappraised. (JINS, 2019, 25, 750–760)
Associations between coffee consumption and all-cause and cause-specific mortality in a Japanese city: the Takayama study
Authors: Yamakawa Michiyo , Wada Keiko , Goto Yuko , Mizuta Fumi , Koda Sachi , Uji Takahiro , Nagata Chisato 
Published: May 2019

AbstractObjective:Epidemiological studies suggest that coffee consumption is inversely associated with all-cause and cause-specific mortality. Evidence from studies targeting non-white, non-Western populations is still sparse, although coffee is popular and widely consumed in Asian countries.Design:Population-based, prospective cohort study. We used Cox proportional hazards models with adjustment for dietary and lifestyle factors to estimate associations between coffee consumption and all-cause and cause-specific mortality. Dietary intake including coffee consumption was assessed only at baseline using a validated FFQ.Setting:A Japanese city.Participants:Individuals aged 35 years or older without cancer, CHD and stroke at baseline (n 29 079) and followed from 1992 to 2008.Results:From 410 352 person-years, 5339 deaths were identified (mean follow-up = 14·1 years). Coffee consumption was inversely associated with mortality from all causes and CVD among all participants, but not from cancer. Compared with the category of ‘none’, the multivariate hazard ratio (95 % CI) for all-cause mortality was 0·93 (0·86, 1·00) for &lt;1 cup/d, 0·84 (0·76, 0·93) for 1 cup/d and 0·81 (0·71, 0·92) for 2–3 cups/d. The multivariate hazard ratio (95 % CI) for cardiovascular mortality were 0·87 (0·77, 0·99) for &lt;1 cup/d, 0·76 (0·63, 0·92) for 1 cup/d and 0·67 (0·50, 0·89) for 2–3 cups/d. Inverse associations were also observed for mortality from other causes, specifically infectious and digestive diseases.Conclusion:Drinking coffee, even 1 cup/d, was inversely associated with all-cause mortality and mortality from cardiovascular, infectious and digestive diseases.
Maternal predictors of infant beverage consumption: results from the Nurture cohort study
Authors: Tovar Alison , Vadiveloo Maya , Østbye Truls , Benjamin-Neelon Sara E 
Published: May 2019

AbstractObjective:The goal of the present study was to estimate prevalence and maternal risk factors for infant beverage consumption.Design:Observational birth cohort.Setting:Central North Carolina, USA.Participants:Mothers 20–36 weeks pregnant were surveyed every 3 months through their infant’s first year (n 666) on their sociodemographics and infant’s consumption frequency of 100 % fruit and vegetable juices and sugar-sweetened-beverages (SSB). Repeated-measure models, using a compound symmetry covariance structure, were used to assess the association of sociodemographic and maternal predictors with introducing juice and SSB separately and explored interaction terms with time to determine how the effects of the predictors change over time.Results:On average, mothers were 28 years old, 72 % were non-Hispanic Black and 59 % were low-income. We found time by race, income, education, maternal age and breast-feeding duration interactions for both juice and SSB consumption. At approximately 6–7 months of age through 12 months of age, being Black, having a lower income (≤$US 20 000 v. &gt;$US 20 000 per year) and education (less than high-school degree v. high-school degree or higher), being younger (&lt;26 years v. ≥26 years) and breast-feeding for fewer than 26 weeks were each associated with introduction of both juice and SSB consumption.Conclusions:Future efforts are needed to raise awareness on the importance of national recommendations of limiting juice and SSB for infants, together with decreasing disparities in unhealthy beverage intake early in life.
Kant’s Political Legacy: Replies to Sangiovanni, Williams and Guyer
Authors: Caranti Luigi 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe following are my responses to a set of extremely insightful, hence pressing, criticisms of my book Kant’s Political Legacy (2017). I wish to express my gratitude to Andrea Sangiovanni, Howard Williams and Paul Guyer for their comments, and to the editors of Kantian Review for reserving this space in the journal to discuss my ideas.