bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In vitro degradation behavior, cytocompatibility and hemocompatibility of topologically ordered functionally graded iron-hydroxyapatite-zinc composite biodegradable biomaterial fabricated using 3D printing and pressureless microwave sintering
Authors: Tripathi Gaurav , Pandey Pulak Mohan 
Published: November 2024

Purpose
Topologically ordered functionally graded composite (TOFGC) biodegradable materials are needed in the field of metallic degradable implants, as they degrade over a period of time avoiding the necessity of another surgery for implant removal. Also, their rate of degradation can be tailored to match the requirement of the patient. These biomaterials also have the functionality to assist bone growth and eliminate stress shielding in orthopaedic implants.

Design/methodology/approach
In this study, TOFGC biomaterials were developed for the first time using additive manufacturing, pressureless microwave sintering and casting methods, and their cytocompatibility, hemocompatibility and in vitro degradation evaluations were done. Also, pure dense iron and iron scaffolds were included in the study, for the comparison of results with the iron-hydroxyapatite-zinc functionally graded composite biomaterial.

Findings
The maximum weight loss and corrosion rate were found to be 6.98% and 2.38 mmpy, respectively, in the immersion test and electrochemical test for Fe-3.5HAp-54Zn biomaterial. Zinc-infiltrated composite biomaterials exhibited excellent cytocompatibility and hemocompatibility as compared to pure dense iron and iron scaffolds. A comparative analysis was conducted, taking into account relevant literature, and it was determined that the fabricated iron-hydroxyapatite-zinc biomaterial demonstrated desirable degradation and biological characteristics, customized to meet the specific requirements of bone tissue engineering applications.

Originality/value
TOFGC iron-hydroxyapatite-zinc biomaterial has been fabricated for the first time using the developed novel methodology and their degradation and biological characterizations were performed.
Does reality congruence determine e-commerce customer’s engagement? Role of service quality, trust and commitment
Authors: Pooja  , Verma Pranay , Singh Jasbir 
Published: November 2024

PurposeThe advent of mixed reality technologies in e-commerce presents marketers with numerous challenges in effectively harnessing these technologies to influence desired consumer behaviours. This paper explores the role of mixed reality in facilitating reality congruence, with the goal of enhancing e-service quality and fostering customer engagement. Through an exploration of the affordance actualization theory within the context of human–computer interaction frameworks, the study examines how mixed reality aligns virtual experiences with real-world perceptions, thereby improving service interactions and contributing to a more immersive and engaging customer experience.Design/methodology/approachA survey-based research methodology was utilized to examine the sample of 346 participants drawn from e-commerce users, focusing on the conceptual model delineating interrelations among various constructs. Data analysis was conducted employing both symmetric (structural equation model) and asymmetric analysis (fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis).FindingsE-service quality assumes a central role in enhancing reality congruence, thereby facilitating the development of interconnected trait associations such as trust and commitment, which are conducive to customer engagement. Additionally, the findings confirm the validity of the conceptual model through fsQCA analysis, indicating that reality congruence and trust collectively serve as robust predictors of customer engagement. However, it is noteworthy that reality congruence alone does not offer significant predictive insights into customer engagement outcomes.Practical implicationsBased on the findings, reality congruence, supported by mixed reality (MR), is essential for e-commerce service providers to induce customer engagement. The practical implications of this study suggest the need for e-commerce service providers and integrative technology designers to engage customers in a digitally connected and intensively competitive era.Originality/valueExamining the phenomenon of user experience in a mixed reality virtual shopping environment to enhance engagement in centennial consumers is an original approach.
Change and Continuity in British Politics: Can the Starmer Government's Approach to Governance Resolve the Crisis in the British State without Radical Reform?
Authors: Diamond Patrick , Richards David , Warner Sam 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn this article, the key dilemmas that will confront the new Labour administration in Britain during its initial period in power are examined. The Starmer government is seeking to use the state pragmatically to improve British economic performance, stem the crisis in public services and strengthen the strategic capacity of Whitehall. However, embryonic approach represents a melding of disparate ideas and traditions that have yet to cohere into a cogent model of statecraft. As a result, the strategy is replete with tensions and dilemmas that make the task of governing competently extremely challenging in the current national and geo‐political environment. Owing to the scale of the crises that Labour has inherited, the article considers whether a statecraft approach that places greater emphasis on continuity over change is viable in the absence of a much needed, radical vision for a reimagined British state.
Tax credits and child outcomes: lessons from the United States, the United Kingdom and Canada
Authors: Michelmore Katherine 
Published: November 2024

AbstractOver the last several decades, there have been historic shifts in the structure of cash transfer programmes in Western, developed countries, including the United States, the United Kingdom and Canada. For all three of these countries, the turn of the 21st century marked a shift away from unconditional cash transfer programmes, such as traditional cash welfare, towards an emphasis on benefits that encourage or require work. In this paper, I review the evidence on the impact of tax credits on child outcomes, focusing on what is known about child‐oriented tax credits in the US (i.e. earned income tax credit and child tax credit), the UK (i.e. working families’ tax credit, child tax credit and working tax credit) and Canada (i.e. Canada child tax benefit, national child benefit and Canada child benefit). Overwhelmingly, the evidence from these three countries suggests that tax credits have positive impacts on children for a host of different outcomes, including infant birthweight, childhood health and achievement, educational attainment, wages, and poverty in adulthood. While there is a large, growing body of evidence on the impact of these tax credits on children, future work should further investigate the precise mechanisms through which tax credits affect child outcomes, the characteristics of children most affected by these credits, and the importance of how frequently the credits are distributed.
Microalgae and cyanobacteria as microbial substrate and their influence on the potential postbiotic capability of a bacterial probiotic
Authors: Domínguez‐Maqueda Marta , Pérez‐Gómez Olivia , García‐Márquez Jorge , Espinosa‐Ruíz Cristóbal , Cuesta Alberto , Esteban Mª. Ángeles , Alarcón‐López Francisco Javier , Cárdenas Casimiro , Tapia‐Paniagua Silvana T. , Balebona Mª. Carmen , Moriñigo Miguel Ángel 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPostbiotics are metabolic by‐products from microorganisms that provide health benefits to the host. Their secretion can be influenced by various conditions affecting bacterial metabolism. This study presents a novel approach for producing potential postbiotics, specifically extracellular products (ECPs), from the probiotic strain Shewanella putrefaciens SpPdp11, grown under different culture conditions. These conditions include aquafeed media, with partial or total microalgae/cyanobacteria replacement as the microbial substrate, as well as variations in temperature and growth phase. The use of microalgae/cyanobacteria as substrates may represent a valuable strategy for generating novel postbiotics with unique properties. The ECPs assessed were evaluated for their in vitro cytotoxic, hydrolytic and antimicrobial activities. Three conditions (ECPs derived from aquafeed media with partial (FM2324 and FM1548) or total (M2324) microalgae/cyanobacteria replacement) were non‐cytotoxic to various fish cell lines and hydrolysed key nutritional compounds (casein, lipids, amylase and gelatin). Proteomic analysis of these ECP conditions revealed common structural and regulatory DNA‐associated proteins, while differentially expressed proteins were associated with amino acid metabolism and antioxidant system (FM2324 and FM1548) and chemotaxis system (M2324). The results highlight the potential of the selected postbiotics as feed additives for future in vivo studies, aligning with sustainable development for aquaculture.
Management of detected syphilis in pregnancy adheres to guideline recommendations, but the crisis of congenital syphilis persists
Authors: Moore Aoife , Dean Judith A. , Rowling Diane , Britton Sumudu , Fowler James A , Warzywoda Sarah , Safa Huda , Wu Mandy , Nourse Clare 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundInfectious syphilis among women of reproductive age continues to rise in many countries including Australia, with a resultant increase in congenital syphilis. In response, new guidelines for management of syphilis in pregnancy were published in Queensland, Australia in 2018.AimsThis study evaluates the management of women diagnosed with syphilis in pregnancy in South‐East Queensland (SEQ) after release of this guideline.Materials and MethodsThis retrospective review of notification data identified women in SEQ who had a positive syphilis serology during pregnancy, without evidence of adequate treatment prior to the pregnancy, between January 2019 and December 2021 inclusive. Maternal demographics and pregnancy details including syphilis staging, testing and management were extracted, with management assessed against the 2018 Queensland syphilis in pregnancy guideline.ResultsOf the 42 women identified, 79% were diagnosed in the first or second trimester, 69% had early‐stage syphilis at the time of diagnosis and 86% were asymptomatic at the time of diagnosis. All, including the eight (19%) Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander women identified, completed stage‐appropriate treatment with penicillin, 83% completed treatment four weeks prior to delivery and 60% achieved a four‐fold reduction in rapid plasma reagin at time of delivery.ConclusionsOur findings suggest compliance with syphilis in pregnancy management recommendations has improved in SEQ since release of the 2018 guidelines. However, congenital syphilis rates continue to rise; further initiatives addressing barriers to timely testing and management of syphilis in pregnancy are urgently needed at both healthcare system levels and for individual women.
Inhibition of ROS1 activity with lorlatinib reversibly suppresses fertility in male mice
Authors: Oyama Yuki , Shimada Kentaro , Miyata Haruhiko , Iida‐Norita Rie , Emori Chihiro , Kamoshita Maki , Oura Seiya , Katayama Ryohei , Matzuk Martin M. , Ikawa Masahito 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundInhibition of sperm maturation in the epididymis is a promising post‐testicular strategy for short‐acting male contraceptives. It has been shown that ROS1, a receptor tyrosine kinase expressed in the epididymis, is essential for epididymal differentiation, sperm maturation, and male fertility in mice. However, it is unknown if inhibition of ROS1 suppresses male fertility reversibly.ObjectivesOur study aimed to investigate the effects of ROS1 inhibitor administration in male mice on sperm function and fertility.Materials and MethodsWe used lorlatinib, an anti‐cancer drug that inhibits ROS1. We treated 10‐week‐old sexually mature male mice with lorlatinib for 3 weeks and performed fertility tests, histological staining, in vitro fertilization, sperm motility analyses, and immunoblot analyses. We also performed the same analyses 3 weeks after discontinuing the lorlatinib treatment.ResultsInhibition of ROS1 for 3 weeks suppressed male fertility. Lorlatinib‐treated mice showed no overt abnormalities in testicular sections, but epithelium maintenance of the epididymal initial segment was impaired. Accordingly, the levels of OVCH2, RNASE10, and ADAM28, which are expressed in the epididymis, decreased. Spermatozoa from the lorlatinib‐treated mice lost their ability to bind to the zona pellucida, and ADAM3 processing was abnormal. Sperm motility was also impaired in the lorlatinib‐treated mice. These impairments were recovered 3 weeks after discontinuing the drug treatment.Discussion and ConclusionInhibition of ROS1 with lorlatinib suppressed sperm maturation and male fertility reversibly. Future exploration of molecules that specifically target ROS1 and the ROS1 pathway in the epididymis may lead to the development of safe and reversible male contraceptives.
BMSCs transplantation combined with LIPUS treatment improves erectile function through downregulation of IGFBP3 in rats with cavernosa injury
Authors: Lei Hongen , Han Hu , Li Jiaxing , Li Zelin , Li Renjie , Tian Long 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundErectile dysfunction (ED) is the most common type of sexual dysfunction, which seriously affects male reproductive health. Recently, stem cell therapy and low‐intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) have been applied in the treatment of ED, but the specific mechanism is still unclear.ObjectivesThe study aims to investigate the effect and underlying mechanism of further LIPUS treatment on the basis of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) transplantation in the treatment of ED rats.Materials and methodsWe established a cavernosa injury‐induced ED rat model and injected BMSCs into the penile corpus cavernosum with or without LIPUS treatment every other day for three times. The survival rate of BMSCs, value of ICP/MAP, blood flow, the endothelial content, and expression of CD31 and ɑ‐SMA in the rat penis were investigated. Transcriptome analyses and in vitro assays of cell proliferation, migration, and tube formation were also performed.ResultsThe results showed that LIPUS treatment significantly promoted the survival rate of BMSCs in the rat penis after 1, 7, and 14 days of final treatment. The values of ICP/MAP and blood flow in rats treated with BMSCs were significantly increased compared to the control group, and the values were further enhanced in rats treated with BMSCs plus LIPUS. The endothelial content and CD31 and ɑ‐SMA mRNA and protein expression in the BMSCs plus LIPUS group were remarkably higher than in other groups, indicating improved endothelial vascular function. Transcriptome analyses found that insulin‐like growth factor binding protein‐3 (IGFBP3) was remarkably downregulated in the BMSCs plus LIPUS group compared to the other two groups. In in vitro assays, LIPUS intervention significantly increased BMSCs proliferation and HUVECs migration, and HUVECs angiogenesis was improved after IGFBP3 siRNA transfection.ConclusionsBMSCs transplantation combined with LIPUS treatment could improve erectile function in ED rats via downregulation of IGFBP3, which might be a proposed optimized strategy for the ED treatment.
Candidate genes did not have an impact on the risk of wheezing in children born preterm
Authors: Goth Fanny E. M. , Juul Klaus , Agertoft Lone , Söderhäll Cilla , Jørgensen I. Merete 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAimOur aim was to investigate whether risk factors, including selected genetic variants, appeared with the same frequency in preterm‐born and term‐born children with respiratory symptoms.MethodsWe conducted an observational study on a cohort at Copenhagen University Hospital Hillerød, Denmark, consisting of 63 preterm‐born and 86 term‐born children who were included at birth and followed to 6 years of age. Odd ratios (OR) and 95% CIs were calculated.ResultsValid genotyping data were obtained from 135 children and 126 and 64 parents completed questionnaires at the 1‐year and 6‐year follows‐ups, respectively. The C allele of rs3751972 was associated with an increased wheezing risk at 6 years of age in term‐born children, but not in preterm‐born children (OR 8.84, 95% CI 1.02–76.72, p = 0.05 versus OR 2.33, 95% CI 0.59–9.20, p = 0.23, respectively). At 1 year of age, preterm‐born children with respiratory symptoms were three times as likely to have parents who smoked than those without such symptoms (65% and 21%, respectively, p = 0.005).ConclusionGenetic variants known to affect the risk of respiratory symptoms did not seem to affect the risk of wheezing in preterm children. Parental smoking was a significant risk factor for respiratory symptoms.
Serum bone turnover markers were associated with bone mass in late prepuberty and early puberty
Authors: Rempe Jakob , Rosengren Björn E. , Jehpsson Lars , Swärd Per , Dencker Magnus , Karlsson Magnus K. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAimTo analyse the association between bone turnover markers and bone mass in children and young adults.MethodsThis descriptive study followed 132 children (68 boys/64 girls) from Malmö, Sweden, as controls in a school‐based intervention study (2000–2017). Height, weight, Tanner stage and bone mass were measured annually from ages 8 to 15 years, with follow‐ups at 19 and 23 years of age. Serum markers for bone formation (bone‐specific alkaline phosphatase (bALP), N‐terminal propeptide of collagen type 1 (PINP), osteocalcin) and resorption (C‐terminal telopeptide crosslinks (CTX), tartrate‐resistant acid phosphatase (TRAcP 5b)) were collected at ages 9.9 ± 0.6 (mean ± SD) (n = 78), 12.0 ± 0.6 (n = 64), 14.9 ± 0.8 (n = 52), 18.8 ± 0.3 (n = 34) and 23.3 ± 0.6 years (n = 56).ResultsCompared to girls, boys showed higher bone turnover markers at ages 15, 19 and 23 years (all p < 0.05). At 10 years of age (Tanner stage 1 and 2), bALP and TRAcP 5b correlated with current bone mass (adjusted for age and sex), while bALP, PINP, osteocalcin and CTX correlated with bone mass change over the next 2 years (adjusted for age, sex and interval) (all p < 0.05).ConclusionBone turnover markers in early Tanner stages predicted both current bone mass and subsequent bone mass changes.
Development and validation of the Career Inaction Scale
Authors: D'Huyvetter Paulien , Verbruggen Marijke , Jing Xinhui , Akkermans Jos 
Published: November 2024

AbstractCareer inaction is the phenomenon in which people do not take sufficient action to realize a desired change in their career. Despite recent theoretical advancements and strong indications that career inaction is a prevalent phenomenon that brings along important risks to both individuals and organizations, there is no reliable and valid scale to accurately measure it. Therefore, we developed and validated an eight‐item scale of career inaction (CARINAS) across four studies. In Study 1 (N = 258), we pilot‐tested the reliability and factor structure of the Dutch CARINAS among Belgian workers. In Study 2 (N = 799), we tested the reliability, measurement invariance across groups, and construct validity of the scale and started exploring the nomological network of the Dutch CARINAS among Belgian career counseling clients. In Study 3 (N = 170), we tested the reliability and validity of the English CARINAS and reran the correlation tests from Study 2 among US workers. Finally, in Study 4 (N = 198), we re‐tested the factor structure and reliability of our scale and further explored the nomological network of the Dutch‐ CARINAS in a two‐wave dataset collected with Belgian workers. The results of these four studies revealed that the CARINAS has high reliability and a good factor structure across different groups. Furthermore, the tests of the nomological network yielded interesting insights regarding the assumptions underlying the theory of career inaction. By developing and validating the CARINAS, our study adds to the research on (barriers to) career transitions, paves the way for further empirical research on career inaction, and provides a diagnostic tool for professionals guiding people in their career decision‐making process.
The pharmacokinetics of brensocatib in participants with renal impairment following a single oral administration
Authors: Yeung Sam Au , Stein Daniel S. , Marbury Thomas C. , Usansky Helen 
Published: November 2024

AimBrensocatib is an oral, selective, competitive and reversible dipeptidyl peptidase 1 inhibitor in development for the treatment of bronchiectasis. This study evaluated the pharmacokinetics (PKs), safety and tolerability of brensocatib in participants with varying degrees of renal impairment and normal renal function.MethodsIn this phase 1, multicentre, open‐label study, 28 participants with mild, moderate or severe renal impairment (estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR] 60 to <90, 30 to <60 and 15 to <30 mL/min/1.73 m2, respectively) or normal renal function (≥90 mL/min/1.73 m2) received a single oral 25‐mg dose of brensocatib. Blood samples were collected to measure brensocatib PKs at predetermined time points over the 14‐day study period. PK parameters were derived using noncompartmental methods.ResultsDemographic and baseline characteristics were similar across groups. There were no significant differences between groups in brensocatib PK parameters. The mean coefficient of variation (CV) of elimination half‐life of brensocatib was 37.0 (15.3), 42.8 (21.7), 36.3 (22.9) and 39.1 (17.8) h for mild, moderate, severe and normal renal function groups, respectively. Single‐dose brensocatib was quickly absorbed; all groups had a median time to maximum observed plasma concentration of 1 h. Regression model analyses indicated no significant relationships between selected brensocatib PK parameters and eGFR. No treatment‐emergent adverse events were reported during the study.ConclusionSingle‐dose brensocatib was well tolerated. The study data do not indicate a significant effect of renal impairment on brensocatib elimination and systemic exposure, suggesting that dose adjustment of brensocatib is not necessary in participants with renal impairment.Clinical Trial Registration NumberNCT05673603.
Multimodal Intravascular Imaging of the Vulnerable Coronary Plaque
Authors: Milzi Andrea , Landi Antonio , Dettori Rosalia , Burgmaier Kathrin , Reith Sebastian , Burgmaier Mathias 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTVulnerable coronary plaques are atherosclerotic lesions which, due to their specific phenotype, are prone to plaque rupture and to cause acute coronary syndromes, with subsequent relevant morbidity and mortality. Strategies to break the chain link between plaque vulnerability and adverse clinical events include optimized pharmacologic prevention and potentially also preemptive percutaneous coronary interventions (previously defined as “plaque sealing” or “plaque passivation”). Various morphologic features of the vulnerable plaques have been described, including aspects regarding the large necrotic lipid content, the thin fibrous cap, the presence and extent of the presence of calcifications with small size and calcification angle, and as well as the large macrophage infiltration within the plaque. The detection of these features of plaque vulnerability is possible with intravascular imaging modalities such as intravascular ultrasound (IVUS), near‐infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), and optical coherence tomography (OCT). This review explores the peculiarities of these three imaging modalities for the detection of vulnerable coronary plaque features.