bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Organo‐Solubility Carbazole‐Containing Polyimides with Tunable Memory Characteristics Based on Different Dianhydride Moieties
Authors: Yang Yanhua , Jin Pan , Ding Shijin , Chu Yueying , Shen Yingzhong 
Published: August 2018

AbstractA novel asymmetric carbazole‐based diamine (9‐((4′‐(9H‐carbazolyl)‐[1,1′‐biphenyl])methyl)‐3,6‐diaminocarbazole (BCDA‐CBZ)) is synthesized and characterized. Two aromatic conjugated polyimides (PI‐a and PI‐b) are prepared via a two‐step procedure using BCDA‐CBZ reacting with 2,2′,3,3′‐biphenyl‐tetracarboxylic dianhydride (i‐BPDA) and 2,2′‐bis(4′‐phenyl)‐4,4′,5,5′‐biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride (DPBPDA), respectively. The resulting PIs possess excellent organo‐solubility, are thermally stable, and have film‐formation ability. The Al/PI‐a/ITO exhibits a dynamic random access memory behavior, whereas the Al/PI‐b/ITO presents a rewritable type memory capability. The fabricated PI‐a device shows low turn‐on threshold voltages at −1.47 and +2.85 V, and the switching voltages of PI‐b device are −2.07 (turn‐on) and +2.85 V (turn‐off). The electrical conduction behaviors are analyzed using theoretical models based on the experimental data. The molecular simulation by density functional theory calculations suggests that field‐induced charge‐transfer and the conformation change mechanism could be used to explain the memory characteristics.
Effects of Diels–Alder Adduct and Lass Transition on the Repeated Self‐Healing of Aliphatic Amine‐Cured Epoxy Resin
Authors: Štirn Žiga , Ručigaj Aleš , Karger‐Kocsis József , Krajnc Matjaž 
Published: August 2018

AbstractA thermally reversible Diels–Alder (DA) adduct is incorporated via solution mixing in an aliphatic amine‐curable bifunctional epoxy resin in order to trigger and support self‐healing. The DA adduct is a reaction product of furan‐functionalized benzoxazine (G‐f) and N‐phenylmaleimide (PMI). Epoxy formulations containing stoichiometric amount of hexamethylene diamine without (EM) and with additional DA (EMDA) are cured at 70 °C. To investigate the chemical pathway, epoxies containing G‐f (EMGf ) and PMI (EMM) only are also produced and tested. Mechanical and thermal properties of the epoxy systems are studied by dynamical mechanical analysis and differential scanning calorimetry, respectively. For the repeated self‐healing tests compact tension (CT) specimens with an arrest hole are used. Healing is achieved by a thermal cycle covering both the retro DA (140 °C) and DA formation temperature ranges (70 °C). Improved self‐healing is detected when healing is supported by the reversible DA reaction superimposed to the T
g‐assisted one. Very high self‐healing efficiency is found for the EMDA when the cracked CT specimens are healed at temperatures just above the T
g, that is, omitting the retro DA reaction required temperature step.
Making and Breaking Chemical Bonds by Chemiluminescence
Authors: Kockler Katrin B. , Frisch Hendrik , Barner‐Kowollik Christopher 
Published: August 2018

AbstractChemiluminescent (CL) reactions are powerful analytical tools and are present in commercially available everyday objects such as glow sticks. Herein, the photons generated by chemiluminescence are exploited to induce covalent bond breakage and formation, using a chemically generated photonic field at ambient temperature through space as energy transducer. Remarkably, the generated photons enable both the cleavage of species generating radicals as well as the execution of [2 + 2] cycloadditions, demonstrating that disparate types of reactions can be triggered. The herein‐presented photochemical concept establishes the field of CL‐induced photochemistry, which is poised to enable photochemical transformations in situations where physical light sources, such as lamps, LEDs, and lasers cannot be employed, including in biological environments.
Cruciferous Vegetables, Isothiocyanates, and Bladder Cancer Prevention
Authors: Abbaoui Besma , Lucas Christopher R. , Riedl Ken M. , Clinton Steven K. , Mortazavi Amir 
Published: August 2018

AbstractBladder cancer is a significant health burden due to its high prevalence, risk of mortality, morbidity, and high cost of medical care. Epidemiologic evidence suggests that diets rich in cruciferous vegetables, particularly broccoli, are associated with lower bladder cancer risk. Phytochemicals in cruciferous vegetables, such as glucosinolates, which are enzymatically hydrolyzed to bioactive isothiocyanates, are possible mediators of an anticancer effect. In vitro studies have shown inhibition of bladder cancer cell lines, cell cycle arrest, and induction of apoptosis by these isothiocyanates, in particular sulforaphane and erucin. Although not yet completely understood, many mechanisms of anticancer activity at the steps of cancer initiation, promotion, and progression have been attributed to these isothiocyanates. They target multiple pathways including the adaptive stress response, phase I/II enzyme modulation, pro‐growth, pro‐survival, pro‐inflammatory signaling, angiogenesis, and even epigenetic modulation. Multiple in vivo studies have shown the bioavailability of isothiocyanates and their antitumoral effects. Although human studies are limited, they support oral bioavailability with reasonable plasma and urine concentrations achieved. Overall, both cell and animal studies support a potential role for isothiocyanates in bladder cancer prevention and treatment. Future studies are necessary to examine clinically relevant outcomes and define guidelines on ameliorating the bladder cancer burden.
Costs of illness in chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy in Germany
Authors: Mengel David , Fraune Linda , Sommer Norbert , Stettner Mark , Reese Jens Peter , Dams Judith , Glynn Robert James , Balzer‐Geldsetzer Monika , Dodel Richard , Tackenberg Björn 
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACTIntroduction: Cost of illness studies are essential to estimate societal costs of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) and identify cost‐driving factors. Methods: In total, 108 patients were recruited from 3 specialized neuroimmunological clinics. Costs were calculated for a 3‐month period, including direct and indirect costs. The following outcomes were assessed: inflammatory neuropathy cause and treatment disability scale, Mini‐Mental State Examination, Beck Depression Inventory, Charlson comorbidity index, EuroQol‐5D, World Health Organization quality of life instrument, and socioeconomic status. Univariate and multivariate analyses were applied to identify cost‐driving factors. Results: Total quarterly costs were €11,333. Direct costs contributed to 83% of total costs (€9,423), whereas indirect costs accounted for 17% (€1,910) of total costs. The cost of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) was the main determinant of total costs (67%). Reduced health‐related quality of life and depressive symptoms were identified as independent predictors of higher total costs. Discussion: CIDP is associated with high societal costs, mainly resulting from the cost of IVIg treatment. Muscle Nerve 58: 681–687, 2018
Subjective Global Assessment Can Be Performed in Critically Ill Surgical Patients as a Predictor of Poor Clinical Outcomes
Authors: Gattermann Pereira Thainá , da Silva Fink Jaqueline , Tosatti Jéssica Abdo Gonçalves , Silva Flávia Moraes 
Published: August 2018

AbstractBackgroundThere is limited evidence on the applicability of subjective global assessment (SGA) in critically ill patients, despite its good performance in diagnosing undernutrition in clinical and surgical patients. Our aim was to evaluate the association between SGA and anthropometric measures and the performance of SGA in predicting clinical outcomes and mortality in critically ill surgical patients.MethodsThis observational prospective study was carried out with patients admitted to the surgical intensive care unit (SICU) of a Brazilian hospital. Nutrition assessment comprised anthropometric measures (weight and height for body mass index [BMI] calculation, mid‐arm circumference [MAC] and calf circumference [CC]), and the SGA. Patients were followed up until hospital discharge for measurement of the following outcomes: length of stay (LOS), SICU LOS, and hospital mortality. Results: This study included 76 surgical patients admitted to an SICU (64.9% males; 87% white ethnicity; mean age, 60.36 ± 16.24 years). According to the SGA, the prevalence of undernutrition was 60.5% (moderate undernutrition = 38.2%; severe undernutrition = 22.4%), and well‐nourished 39.0%. Patients with severe undernutrition had lower values of current weight, BMI, MAC, and CC compared with well‐nourished patients. The presence of undernutrition increased the risk of LOS >31 days by 2.57 (1.38–4.77) times, but it was not associated with mortality. Conclusions: Patients with severe undernutrition had lower current weight, BMI, MAC, and CC compared with well‐nourished patients. Undernutrition did not increase the risk of death; however, it did increase the relative risk for a longer hospital stay by 2.5.
Linear systems with a canonical polyadic decomposition constrained solution: Algorithms and applications
Authors: Boussé M. , Vervliet N. , Domanov I. , Debals O. , De Lathauwer L. 
Published: August 2018

SummaryReal‐life data often exhibit some structure and/or sparsity, allowing one to use parsimonious models for compact representation and approximation. When considering matrix and tensor data, low‐rank models such as the (multilinear) singular value decomposition, canonical polyadic decomposition (CPD), tensor train, and hierarchical Tucker model are very common. The solution of (large‐scale) linear systems is often structured in a similar way, allowing one to use compact matrix and tensor models as well. In this paper, we focus on linear systems with a CPD‐constrained solution (LS‐CPD). Our main contribution is the development of optimization‐based and algebraic methods to solve LS‐CPDs. Furthermore, we propose a condition that guarantees generic uniqueness of the obtained solution. We also show that LS‐CPDs provide a broad framework for the analysis of multilinear systems of equations. The latter are a higher‐order generalization of linear systems, similar to tensor decompositions being a generalization of matrix decompositions. The wide applicability of LS‐CPDs in domains such as classification, multilinear algebra, and signal processing is illustrated.
Mobile Technology Expands Emergency Water Treatment Options
Authors: Moro Rick 
Published: August 2018

AbstractWhen emergencies strike or unplanned plant shutdowns occur, the need for an immediate solution is critical. As technology and innovation in the water industry have advanced in the past 25 years, fleets of membrane‐based mobile water units have become increasingly prevalent. Such mobile water treatment solutions provide rapid, flexible solutions for the evolving needs of water treatment plant operators.
Pregnancy outcome of autosomal aneuploidies other than common trisomies detected by noninvasive prenatal testing in routine clinical practice
Authors: Wan Junhui , Li Ru , Zhang Yongling , Jing Xiangyi , Yu Qiuxia , Li Fatao , Li Yan , Zhang Lina , Yi Cuixing , Li Jian , Li Dongzhi , Liao Can 
Published: August 2018

AbstractObjectiveThe objective of the study is to report the incidence and pregnancy outcome of autosomal aneuploidies other than common trisomies 21, 18, and 13 detected by noninvasive prenatal testing (NIPT) at a single center.MethodsPregnant women undergoing NIPT from February 2015 to January 2018 in our center were offered expanded screening to include rare autosomal aneuploidies. Aneuploidies included extra copy chromosomes (most likely trisomies) and decreased copy chromosomes (most likely monosomies). The pregnancy outcomes of women consenting to the expanded NIPT screen were recorded.ResultsExpanded NIPT was performed in 15 362 pregnancies. A total of 59 autosomal aneuploidies other than the 3 common trisomies were detected, with a positive screening rate of 0.38% (59/15 362). The screen positive rate was higher in women aged above 35 years than in those younger (0.44% vs 0.32%, P < .05). Of the screen positive results, 30.5% (18/59) were because of extra copies for chromosomes trisomy 7, 10.2% (6/59) for chromosome 22, and 8.5% (5/59) for chromosomes 8 and 16 respectively, while other choromosomes were less frequently involved. Decreased copy chromosomes were less common: 6.8% (4/59) for chromosomes 14 and 13. Mixed aneuploidies with increased copies for some chromosomes and decreased copies for others were also noted. Invasive prenatal diagnosis was performed in 61% (36/59) of the cases. Invasive test results and clinical follow‐ups demonstrated that most (94.9%, 56/59) of the rare aneuploidies were false positives, probably resulting from confined placental mosaicism. Only 1 case (1.7%, 1/59) with NIPT report of extra copies of chromosome 7 and without ultrasound evidence of fetal abnormality was confirmed to be fetal mosaicism by microarray test. Uniparental disomy of whole chromosome 2 was identified by microarray analysis in 1 case with extra copy chromosome 2 detected by NIPT. Loss of heterozygocity of chromosome 7q11.23‐q21.11 was detected in another case with extra copy chromosome 7. Fortunately, pregnancy outcomes of both cases were normal. Two fetal deaths attributed to severe fetal growth restriction were associated with extra copies of chromosome 16 at expanded NIPT.ConclusionsAutosomal aneuploidies other than trisomies 21, 18, and 13 are not uncommon in routine clinical NIPT practice. Extra copies of chromosomes in rare cases can be associated with uniparental disomy. Most rare aneuploidies at NIPT have good pregnancy outcomes. Thus, invasive testing should be used with caution for these aneuploidies in routine clinical practice.
Disordered Substrates of the 20S Proteasome Link Degradation with Phase Separation
Authors: Guharoy Mainak , Lazar Tamas , Tompa Peter 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe 20S proteasome is known to degrade intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) via an ubiquitin‐independent, disorder‐driven mechanism. Unless protected within protein complexes or macromolecular assemblies, certain IDPs can undergo degradation mediated directly by the 20S core particle. In this issue of Proteomics, Myers et al. utilize a proteomics approach to identify ∼500 IDP substrates of the 20S proteasome. Bioinformatics analyses of these substrates demonstrate a large fraction of highly disordered RNA‐binding proteins, enriched in low‐complexity, prion‐like domains. A number of these proteins are also known to form phase‐separated membraneless organelles in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and other protein neuropathies. The Myers et al. study highlights potentially interesting connections between IDP degradation and the regulatory dynamics of phase‐separated intracellular assemblies. Their work should stimulate further research into the mechanistic details of how the 20S proteasome controls cellular abundances of RNA‐binding proteins and thereby regulates RNA‐related biological functions within both physiological and pathological phase‐separated assemblies.
Amino‐functionalized hollow microporous organic nanospheres for pd supported catalysis and I2 uptake
Authors: He Zidong , Wang Tianqi , Xu Yang , Zhou Minghong , Yu Wei , Shi Buyin , Huang Kun 
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACTAmino‐functionalized hollow microporous organic nanospheres (NH2‐HMONs) were successfully synthesized by a combination of hyper‐crosslinking mediated self‐assembly process and a post‐modification strategy. Benefiting from amino groups and hollow microporous structure, the resultant NH2‐HMONs can be used to immobilize Pd nanoparticles (Pd@NH2‐HMONs) and enhance the adsorption capacity for iodine. The obtained Pd@NH2‐HMONs exhibited outstanding catalytic activity for hydrogenation of nitroarenes to aniline analogues. This strategy represents a new method for the preparation of porous organic polymers with special morphologies and functionalizations for potential applications including adsorption, separation, and catalysis. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2018, 56, 2045–2052
Catalyst‐Transfer Suzuki–Miyaura Condensation Polymerization of Stilbene Monomer: Different Polymerization Behavior Depending on Halide and Aryl Group of ArPd(tBu3P)X Initiator
Authors: Nojima Masataka , Kamigawara Takeru , Ohta Yoshihiro , Yokozawa Tsutomu 
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACTWe report Suzuki–Miyaura coupling polymerization of tetraalkoxy‐substituted 4‐bromostilbene‐4′‐boronic acid 1 with several t‐Bu3P‐ligated Pd initiators; this is the first example of catalyst‐transfer condensation polymerization (CTCP) of a monomer containing a carbon–carbon double bond. When o‐tolylPd(tBu3P)Br was used as the initiator, the o‐tolyl group was not introduced at the polymer end, but polymer with boronic acid at one end and bromine at the other was obtained. However, when we employed stilbenePd(tBu3P)I generated in situ from iodostilbene and Pd(tBu3P)G2 precatalyst, or isolated ArPd(tBu3P)X (Ar, X = Ph, I; o‐tolyl, I; and Ph, Br), the aryl group was introduced at the polymer end, indicating that CTCP of 1 proceeded. Therefore, the iodide and aryl group of the Pd initiator complex is crucial for CTCP of 1. However, the molecular weight distribution of the obtained polymer was broad, possibly because coordination of the carbon–carbon double bond of 1 to ArPd(tBu3P)I resulted in slow initiation. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2019, 57, 297–304
Transparent and soluble polyimide films containing 4,4′‐isopropylidenedicyclohexanol (Cis‐HBPA) units: Preparation, characterization, thermal, mechanical, and dielectric properties
Authors: Mi Zhiming , Liu Zhixiao , Wang Chunbo , Liu Yuhan , Zhou Changjiang , Wang Daming , Zhao Xiaogang , Zhou Hongwei , Zhang Yumin , Chen Chunhai 
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACTTo develop colorless and soluble polyimide films, cis‐hydrogenated bisphenol A (cis‐HBPA) was successfully separated from HBPA isomers, and two novel monomers containing cis‐HBPA unit, 4,4′‐(4,4′‐isopropenylbicyclohexyloxy) diphthalic anhydride (HBPADA) and 4,4′‐(4,4′‐isopropenylbicyclohexyloxy) dianiline (f) were designed and synthesized. PI–(1 – 5) were achieved from HBPADA and five kinds of aromatic diamines and PI – 6 from HBPADA and semiaromatic diamine f via a two‐step thermal imidization. All the polyimides could afford flexible, tough, and transparent films with transparency as high as 86% at 450 nm. Surprisingly, the polyimides containing cis‐HBPA unit exhibited excellent solubility not only in polar solvents such as N, N‐dimethylacetamide, but also in low boiling solvents such as chloroform and dichloromethane. Additionally, analogues aromatic PI – 7 derived from 4,4′‐(hexafluoroisopropylidene)‐diphthalic anhydride (6FDA) and 2,2‐bis(4‐aminophenyl)hexafluoropropane (e) was obtained for comparison with PI–(1 – 6) on aspects of thermal, mechanical, soluble, optical, electrical, and morphological properties. The structure‐property relationships of PI–(1 – 7) were investigated in detail. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2018, 56, 2115–2128
In‐Situ “molecular welding” preparation of graphene/polyimide hybrid film with superior thermal conductivity and flexibility
Authors: Li Haoliang , Miao Jie , Wu Xian , Cheng Kui , Qiu Hanxun , Yang Junhe 
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACTWith the rapid development of electronic industry, thermal management has become a critical issue that severely restricts the application of portable devices. In this work, we fabricate a flexible and free‐standing graphitized‐graphene/polyimide (I‐g‐GO/PI) film via an in‐situ “molecular welding” strategy. With the help of in‐situ polymerization, PI can be well‐dispersed with GO and serves as a solder to enlarge the grain size of GO, resulting in an enhanced thermal conductivity of the film. The 7 wt % addition of PI into GO (I‐g‐GO/PI‐7%) leads to an in‐plane thermal conductivity as high as 1269.700 ± 1.498 W/m/K, which is 81.8% higher than that of the pristine graphene and also superior to that fabricated via solution blending method by 58.3%. Simultaneously, the hybrid film exhibits an excellent flexibility and survives from a 2000 cycles bending test. The large‐area hybrid film prepared by such an in‐situ “molecular welding” method provides a promising way to fabricate graphene‐based film for highly efficient thermal management. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2018, 56, 1215–1223
Formylated polystyrene for the fabrication of pore selective aldehyde group functionalized honeycomb patterned porous polystyrene films
Authors: Modigunta Jeevan Kumar Reddy , Male Umashankar , Huh Do Sung 
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACTFormylated polystyrene (PS‐CHO) was synthesized by chemical modification of polystyrene (PS) for the fabrication of honeycomb patterned (HCP) porous PS films with aldehyde group functionalized pores via breath figure method under humid conditions. The incorporation of hydrophilic aldehyde group affected the hydrophobicity of PS solution and assisted the self‐assembly of PS‐CHO toward pore. The presence of aldehyde groups in the films were proved by the post treatment with Tollens's reagent, which results in silver decoration at pores. The morphology of the films before and after silver decoration was studied by scanning electron microscopy analysis. The pore selectively self‐assembled aldehyde groups in the patterned porous films can have many applications as a reactive substrate in biomaterials and chemical moieties adhesion. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2018, 56, 1181–1192
Characterization of regenerated starch from 1‐ethyl‐3‐methylimidazolium acetate ionic liquid with different anti‐solvents
Authors: Liu Kun , Tan Xiaoyan , Li Xiaoxi , Chen Ling , Xie Fengwei 
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACTA comparison study of the structures and properties of starches regenerated from 1‐ethyl‐3‐methylimidazolium acetate ([Emim][OAc]) using different anti‐solvents (water, ethanol, or both water and ethanol) was conducted. The starch regenerated with water presented a V‐type crystalline structure whereas the one regenerated in ethanol displayed amorphous structure. Moreover, when an ethanol–water–ethanol method was used for regeneration, the product showed a weak V‐type crystalline structure. SAXS and FTIR were also used to investigate the molecular order of native and regenerated starches. With water used for regeneration, the aggregation and rearrangement of starch molecules occurred more easily. The increased enzyme resistance and thermal stability of regenerated starch with water could be ascribed to the rearrangement of molecular chains forming an aggregated structure with some degree of order. The reconstitution of starch molecules during regeneration with different anti‐solvents changed the multiscale structures and properties of the starch. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2018, 56, 1231–1238