bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study effect of titanium dioxide on the photocatalytic degradation of methyl violet dye
Authors: Saad Suad T. , Alrazzak Nour Abd , Al-Gubury Hazim Y. , Essa Esraa 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The organic pollutant methyl violet dye photocatalytic degradation has been investigated using the UV irradiation and TiO2 as a catalyst. The degradation process included the study of the initial dye concentration, light intensity, catalyst weight, the effect of intensity of light, and effect of temperature to approach the best conditions for the optimum photo-degradation efficiency of dye. The optimum photocatalytic degradation of methyl violet dye was at 0.15 g/100cm3 of dosage mass of TiO2 and 10 ppm of the dye. Photocatalytic degradation of methyl violet dye was at 9 mW/cm2light intensity. The percentage efficiency of degradation methyl violet dye equals 97.46%.
Extraction and Clinical Application of Calendula officinalis L. Flowers Cream
Authors: Alsaraf Khulood M. , Abbas Ibrahim S. , Hassan Eman F. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The results of the HPLC analysis indicated that marigold flowers extract contain nine different active compounds, including Vitexin 11.40%, Rutin 12.29%, Quercetin-3-3galactosid 12.64%, Luteolin-7-glucose9.27%, Quercetin-3-glucoside 7.38%, Quercitrin 9.83%, Myricetin 10%, Luteolin 10.72%, Apigenin 7.08% and kampferol 9.37 %. The results of a clinical study showed the effect of marigold flowers extract cream as an antioxidant which protected the skin in particular from oxidative damage after sunburn and reduced the symptoms of skin aging. This effect was evident in both concentrations 10% and 15% when compared with control. Control response rate, 10% of marigold flowers cream and 15% of flowers extract cream were reached to 76%, 85% and 92% within two weeks of treatment respectively. The Conclusion of this study showed the importance of marigold flowers extract as a source of bioactive compounds such as rutin and quercetin derivatives, vitexin, luteoline, apigenin and kampferol which act as an antioxidant to restore skin health and aging resistance. This study approved that marigold flowers extract characteristics can make it the main ingredients in the preparation of topical agents for the treatment of various skin desases.
Study the photo degradation and biodegradation of p-cresol novolac (polyepoxy) in presence and absence of di-benzoylperoxide
Authors: Mageed Zainab N. , Mohammed Hamid H. , Zayer Thana M. , Noori Abdulkadir M. , farhan Safanah A. , Dadoosh Rasha M. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The induced photo degradation of poly epoxy films in air was investigated in the presence and absence of di-benzoylperoxide (BPO)(photosensitizer) by accelerated weathering tester. The addition (0.1 wt%) of BPO to poly epoxy films (25μm in thickness)increases the photo degradation of the poly epoxy films. The photodegradation rate was followed by increase in carbonyl absorbance of polymers using I.R. spectra.
According to the spectra results, the induced photo degradation mechanisms of poly epoxy films were suggested under the experimental conditions employedusing Uv-radiation at λ = 313 nm light intensity 3.49∗10−5einsteins.dm−3.S−1 at temperature 45°C. The biodegradability of photodegradable polymers has been also studied using different bacteria. This type of bacteria is known to be capable of utilizing the degraded polymers.
Synthesis, Characterization and Study Biological Activity of New Para-methoxy Benzene Sulfonamide Derivatives and some Amino Acid
Authors: Awad Sana Hitur , Sahib Sana Abdul , Hussein Fatimah Ali , Hasan Al-Khfaji Hussein Abdulkadhim 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The synthesis of para-methoxy sulphonamides [3a-3G] was obtained by reacting p-methoxy benzene sulphonyl chloride with primary amine functionalities of amine group [1a-1G] in alkaline medium at temperature below 0°C, structures of all Newly synthesized compound were analysed by FT-IR, H and CNMR spectroscopy, Anti bacterial of the titled compounds were screened and the compounds exhibited potent anti bacterial properties.
Synthesis and Structural Investigation of Some Transition Metal Complexes Derived from Assembled NO Donor Lewis Base of 6,7-Dimethyl-Quinoxaline-2,3-dione
Authors: Abid Al-jibouri Mahmoud Najim , Jabbar Araf Ismael , Ismail Ahmad H. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The synthesis of a new ligand (Z)-3-((2-aminoethyl)imino)-6,7-dimethyl-3,4-dihydroquinoxalin-2(1H)-one containing quinoxaline and aliphatic ethylene moiety subunits is described. The reaction of 6,7-dimethylquinoxaline-2,3(1H,4H)-dione with ethylenediamine in glacial acetic acid as catalyst leads to the isolation of the free ligand (L), which is a Lewis base precursor. The new transition metal complexes of (L) ligand were prepared and characterized by elemental analysis and spectroanalytical techniques. The new poly dentate L Schiff base was formed up on condensation of 6,7-dimethylquinoxaline-2,3(1H,4H)-dione with ethylenediamine in glacial acetic acid as catalyst. The free ligand was fully identified with the help of elemental analyses, mass spectra,H NMR and FTIR spectra. The direct reactions of methanolic ligand (L) with the salts of manganese(II),cobalt(II),nickel(II),copper(II),zinc(II),cadmium(II) and vanadium(IV) resulted in colored precipitated which have been characterized by elemental analyses, magnetic susceptibility, molar conductivity measurements and FTIR and UV-Visible spectroscopy. The metal to ligand ratios data concluded that all structures of complexes were in 1:1 ratio with octahedral geometry for all complexes except that nickel(II) was square planner The compounds were characterized by physical and spectroscopic measurements which indicated that the ligand is probably acting as a tridentate ON2 chelating agent.
The Protective Role of Amygdaline on the Enzyme ALP and Non –enzymatic Antioxidants and GST on the white –Albino Mice Treated with the Carbon tetrachloride compound
Authors: Alwan Iqbal Fadhel , Habeeb Zeyad Tareq , Ahmood Ammar Mawla 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The study aims to evaluated the protective effect of Amygdaline compound extracted from apricot seeds on the effectiveness of Alkaline phosphates (ALP), (Glutathione –S-transfers (GST) and Non-Enzymatic antioxidant (vitamin A,E,C ) in serum laboratory animals. Amygdaline compound was analyzed by High – performance liquid chromatography technique (HPLC). The tests were conducted on the interference males on the albino mice treated with carbon tetrachloride were studied, 32 male albino mice Swiss albino, (5-8 weeks) and (20-25 gm weight).
Conducted tests on the overlap between the three concentration ( 100, 200,300 mg / kgm) of aqueous extract of Amygdaline (3..2 mg / Kgm) of carbon tetrachloride with interaction included two types of treatment (pre-CCL4 and post-CCL4) through oral dosage and for a period of 14 days.
The study shows that the concentration 300mg / kgm is the best concentration of aqueous extract there was used and study suggests that use the concentrations of this focus and fact that the plant is used for human consumption broadly and because it contains the Bio flvenote.
Study the preparation of alkaline mortar and conduct some physical and mechanical properties
Authors: Saeed Ghazi K. , Chyad Fadhil A. , Ahmed Zeiad S. , Farid Saad B. H. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Alkaline mortar samples were prepared with four mixtures of local materials to be suitable for smelting iron, smelting furnaces or manufacturing ceramic crucibles. The physical and mechanical tests of the prepared models gave good results in comparison to the standard specifications, depending on the proportions of the samples prepared for the tests. The density, compressive strength, compressive strength of the Brazilian method and size of shrinkage were measured.
Development the Fourier analysis method of x-ray diffraction to calculate variables in crystal structure as well as calculation of some lattice parameters
Authors: Jahil Sarab Saadi , Harbbi Khalid Hellal 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe Fourier method was developed to calculate other important variables in the crystalline structure, such a strain, which is equal to 7.4828 x 10−3instead of the mean square strain and the energy density of the strain, which is equal to 2799614.7 dyne / cm2and the stress equal to 7.4828 x 108dyne/cm2. The results obtained from the Fourier method for calculating other parameters of the manganese oxide lattice for each peak of x-ray diffraction peaks such as the texture coefficient, its mean value equal to 0.99999 and the micro strains, which its mean value equal to 4.47 × 10−3dislocation density, its mean value are equal to 37.3 (lines .m−2) and the specific surface area its mean value is equal to 19,58432 of crystalline volume. A comparison was also made between the values of the square of strain and the apparent strain.
Description of coupled-channel in Semiclassical treatment of heavy ion fusion reactions
Authors: Hussain Fatima M. , Majeed Fouad A. , Abdul-Hussien Yousif A. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Fusion cross sections were measured for the systems 40Ar+144Sm, 40Ar+148Sm and 40Ar+ 154Sm above and under Coulomb barrier to understand the role of coupled channels effects involved in barriers fusion. The fusion barriers distributions and fusion probabilities were analyzed using the semiclassical mechanical code which called Sequential Complete Fusion (SCF) as well as Full Coupled Channel code (CCFULL). These calculations show that the observed fusion cross sections fusion barrier distribution and fusion probabilities for these systems are reproduced clearly in the semiclassical mechanical for all excitation states above and under Coulomb barrier.
Effect of surface modification of Si wafers on solar cell efficiency ZnO/P-Si thin films prepared by plasma sputtering
Authors: Khalaf Hanna k. , Abdulhamied Zenab T. , Dawod Amal H. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Zinc oxide thin films were deposited by DC sputtering at thickness (100) nm on the glass and p-Si wafer to fabricate ZnO/p-Si solar cell. All films annealed at 400°C and 500°C temperatures. Structural, optical, electrical and photovoltaic properties were investigated before and after treatment by plasma. XRD analysis revealed that all the ZnO films showed polycrystalline hexagonal structure. Average grain size calculated from AFM images showed a decrease in its value after plasma treatment, ranging from (47) nm- (25) nm. The optical transmission for samples were measured using UV-vis spectrophotometer, were used to study the energy gap. The optical characterization showed that the film has band gap that ranged in the between 3.7 eV, the average transmittance of films was found to be range of 70% to 85% in the VIS-IR regions. The electrical properties were obtained by J-V measurement. The saturation current density was calculated. The photovoltaic measurements, short-circuit current density Jsc, fill factor, were calculated for all samples.
Theoretical investigation for the relation (supermassive black hole mass)–(spiral arm pitch angle): a correlation for galaxies with classical bulges
Authors: Al-Baidhany Ismaeel A , Chiad Sami S , Jabbar Wasmaa A , Hussein Rasha A , K Hussain Firas F , Habubi Nadir F 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
In this work, the determination of the masses of supermassive black holes (SMBHs) and the properties of their host spiral galaxies are focused for the purposes of constraining scaling relations and with the aim of understanding the role of SMBHs in the evolution of galaxies.
The measurements of SMBHs mass for a sample of 40 spiral galaxies were studied by applying indirect techniques (the SMBHs mass versus stellar/gas velocity dispersion relation). In addition, spiral arm pitch angle of a sample of nearly face-on spiral galaxies were measured using IRAF (The Image Reduction and Analysis Facility) and two-dimensional Fast Fourier Transform (2DFFT) program.
Finally, we present a new correlation between spiral arm pitch angle (a measure of the tightness of spiral structure) and the mass of supermassive black holes (BHs) in the nuclei of classical galaxies.
Measure the rate of Radiation Activity in Soil sample from the depth of Sindbad land in Basrah Governorate
Authors: Jebur Jabbar H. , Ismail Al-Sudani Zahraa A. , Fleifil Sawsan Sh. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Uranium, radionuclide’s, thorium and potassium are relatively abundant in soils. Because of their radiation, these radionuclide’s pose exposure risks that can lead to health problems such as cancer for exposed people. There is therefore growing concern about the health risks associated with exposure to the natural sources of radiation in our environment. The specific activity 238U, 232Th, 40K,226Ra in forty soil samples collected from different locations of Al-sindbad land in the province of Basra – Iraq using Sodium Iodide NaI(TL) detector. The specific activities for the whole study areas were compared the Local, world average and permissible recommended limits. The results showed thatthe specific activity of226Ra,232Th,238U, and 40K, in the samples rang from( 17.14-39.07)Bq/kg, ( 1.8-22.88) Bq/kg, (0.68-2.24) Bq/kg and (278.11-402.29)respectively, Also evaluation of radiological hazard effects for Gamma ray (the radium equivalent rate (Raeq) which calculated from concentration of 232Th,238Uand 40K ranges between (30.72-65.48) Bq/kg with mean value of (43.362)Bq/kg, the absorbed dose Rate (D γ ) for the soil samples in the study area range from (26.54-43.92) nGy/h with an average value of(33.216)nGy/h, the annual effective dose rate (AEDEoo) range (0.13-0.22)mSv/y with an average value of(0.163) mSv/y, The annual effective dose rate (AEDEin) range (0.03-0.05) mSv/y with an average value of(0.04) mSv/y, The internal hazard index (Hin) range (0.2-0.35) with an average value of(0.255)and the external hazard index (Hex) range (0.15-0.25) with an average value of (0.186).The results of the present study have shown that the rates of Specific activity of226Ra,238U, 232Th and 40K, and radiological hazard effects Rate for Gamma-ray in environmental samples were all lower than the value of the global limit(33, 35, 30, 400)Bq/kg respectively according to UNSCEAR. We conclude from this study that the environment of Al-Sindbad land in the province of Basra – Iraq is within a normal background radiation.
Paste-based 3D printing of metallic materials: effect of binders and precursor sizes
Authors: Agrawal Richa , Anantachaisilp Farsai , Tirano Joaquin , Zea Ramirez Hugo , Marquez Zeus , Luhrs Claudia 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
This study proposes a simple paste-based synthesis method for 3D printing (3DP) of metallic materials utilizing a modified polymeric printer (MPP), which comprised a three-step approach toward realizing the final product: (i) generation of a paste containing the metal precursors and the organic binders necessary to achieve the adequate viscosity; (ii) layer-by-layer deposition of the paste based on a computer-aided design file; and (iii) a post-processing step aimed at removing the sacrificial organic media and sintering the metallic particles. Two different binder formulations comprising a semi-solid saturated hydrocarbon paraffin or an alcohol-water-thickening agent based gel were tested as the fluid media, in which the metallic powders (Ti-6Al-4V or Ni and Ti) were dispersed. The decomposition behavior of the pastes was studied and compared with commercial metal infused polymer filaments. The gel binder was deemed as the most effective medium given its ability to evaporate cleanly without altering the sample composition or leaving behind unwanted residual by-products. Metal microparticles were found to provide adequate viscosity as compared to nanoparticles, which behaved as shear thinning agents in the gel based medium. Upon identification of the best-suited metal powder sizes and binder formulations, the 3D printed samples were thermally processed and characterized.
A Semiquantitative Scoring System May Allow Biopsy Diagnosis of Pulmonary Large Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma
Authors: Baine Marina K , Sinard John H , Cai Guoping , Homer Robert J 
Published: August 2019

AbstractObjectivesThe aim of this study was to devise reproducible biopsy criteria for distinguishing pulmonary large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC) from non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC).MethodsTissue microarrays of LCNEC and NSCLC were generated from resection specimens and used as biopsy surrogates. They were stained for neuroendocrine markers, Ki-67, napsin-A, and p40, and independently analyzed by standardized morphologic criteria by four pathologists. Tumors were scored based on morphology, neuroendocrine marker expression, and Ki-67 proliferative index.ResultsThe average total score for LCNEC was significantly higher than for NSCLC (5.65 vs 0.51, P &lt; .0001). Utilizing a cutoff score of 4 or higher showed 100% sensitivity and 99% specificity for LCNEC diagnosis, with an excellent agreement among four pathologists (98%).ConclusionsThe proposed semiquantitative approach based on a combination of specific morphologic and immunophenotypic features may be a useful tool for biopsy diagnosis of LCNEC.
Antibiotic Exposure in the First Year of Life and the Risk of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A Population-Based Cohort Study
Authors: Hamad Amani F , Alessi-Severini Silvia , Mahmud Salaheddin M , Brownell Marni , Kuo I fan 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Early childhood antibiotic exposure induces changes in gut microbiota reportedly associated with the development of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). We conducted a population-based cohort study to examine the association between antibiotic use in the first year of life and ADHD risk. We included children born in Manitoba, Canada, between 1998 and 2017. Exposure was defined as having filled 1 or more antibiotic prescriptions during the first year of life. ADHD diagnosis was identified in hospital abstracts, physician visits, or drug dispensations. Risk of developing ADHD was estimated using Cox proportional hazards regression in a high-dimensional propensity score–matched cohort (n = 69,738) and a sibling cohort (n = 67,671). ADHD risk was not associated with antibiotic exposure in the matched-cohort (hazard ratio = 1.02, 95% confidence interval: 0.97, 1.08) or in the sibling cohort (hazard ratio = 0.96, 95% confidence interval: 0.89, 1.03). In secondary analyses of the matched cohort, ADHD risk increase was observed in those exposed to 4 or more antibiotic courses or a duration longer than 3 weeks. These associations were not observed in the sibling cohort. We concluded that antibiotic exposure in the first year of life does not pose an ADHD risk on a population level.
An Integrative Screening Tool of Alcohol Exposure During Early Pregnancy: Combining of the CDT Biomarker with Green Page Questionnaire
Authors: Azurmendi-Funes María Luisa , Martínez-Villanueva Miriam , Delgado-Marín Juan Luís , Ramis Rebecca , Sánchez-Sauco Miguel Felipe , López-Hernández Fernando Antonio , Sánchez-Solís Manuel , Monteagudo-Piqueras Olga , Noguera-Velasco José Antonio , Claudio Luz , Ortega-García Juan Antonio 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Aims
In current clinical practice, prenatal alcohol exposure is usually assessed by interviewing the pregnant woman by applying questionnaires. An alternative method for detecting alcohol use is to measure the biomarker carbohydrate-deficient transferrin (CDT). However, few studies measure CDT during pregnancy. This study examines the utility of CDT biomarker in the screening of alcohol exposure during early pregnancy.

Methods
A cohort of 91, first-trimester pregnant women assigned to a public reference maternity hospital, was screened using the Green Page (GP) questionnaire, an environmental exposure tool. CDT levels and other biomarkers of alcohol use were measured and compared with questionnaire data.

Results
About 70% of the mothers in the study consumed alcohol during early pregnancy and 22% met high-risk criteria for prenatal exposure to alcohol. CDT measurement showed a statistically significant area under the receiver operating characteristic curve with a value of 0.70. For a value of 0.95% of CDT, a specificity of 93% was observed. The most significant predictors of CDT were the number of binge drinking episodes, women’s body mass index and European white race.

Conclusion
Pregnant women with a CDT value >0.95% would be good candidates for the performance of the GP questionnaire during early pregnancy in order to detect potential high-risk pregnancy due to alcohol exposure.
BBKNN: fast batch alignment of single cell transcriptomes
Authors: Polański Krzysztof , Young Matthew D , Miao Zhichao , Meyer Kerstin B , Teichmann Sarah A , Park Jong-Eun 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Motivation
Increasing numbers of large scale single cell RNA-Seq projects are leading to a data explosion, which can only be fully exploited through data integration. A number of methods have been developed to combine diverse datasets by removing technical batch effects, but most are computationally intensive. To overcome the challenge of enormous datasets, we have developed BBKNN, an extremely fast graph-based data integration algorithm. We illustrate the power of BBKNN on large scale mouse atlasing data, and favourably benchmark its run time against a number of competing methods.

Availability and implementation
BBKNN is available at https://github.com/Teichlab/bbknn, along with documentation and multiple example notebooks, and can be installed from pip.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.