bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Seroprevalence study reveals pertussis underreporting in Brazil and calls for adolescent/young adult boosting: mouse model demonstrates immunity restoration
Authors: Silva Eliane P. , Trentini Monalisa , Rodriguez Dunia , Kanno Alex I. , Gomes Filumena M. S. , Valente Maria H. , Trufen Carlos E. M. , Yamamoto Lais S. , Januzzi Arthur D. , Cunegundes Priscila S. , Palacios Ricardo , Souza Renan P. , Raw Isaías , Leite Luciana C. C. , Dias Waldely O. 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundPertussis continues to pose a significant threat despite the availability of effective vaccines. The challenge lies in the vulnerability of infants who have not yet completed their vaccination schedule and in adolescents and adults becoming potential disease carriers.MethodsWe evaluated the seroprevalence of pertussis immunity in a cohort of 1,500 healthy Brazilian volunteers. Next, we explored the potential restoration of waning pertussis immunity by administering booster doses of wP, aP or Plow (an economically viable and low reactogenic vaccine in development at Butantan) using a mouse model.FindingsThe mean anti-PT IgG levels in the Brazilian volunteers was 39.4 IU/mL. Notably, individuals ≤ 19 years exhibited higher IgG values compared to older age groups (≥ 20 y). Overall, 8.4% of the samples displayed indications of recent or current contact/infection, with IgG levels surpassing 120 IU/mL, particularly in the 15-19 years age group. IgM values were also increased in the 10-19 years age group. Potential recovery of pre-existing but waning immunity investigated in mice, showed that boosting with wP induced higher antibody titers than aP or Plow. Notably, aP and Plow boosts prompted superior effector and memory cell responses from both B and T cells. Upon challenge with B. pertussis, aP or Plow boost provided greater protection as compared to wP.InterpretationsPertussis appears to circulate predominantly among adolescents and young adults. Insights from the mouse model indicate that immunity can be restored with booster doses. Boosting immunity in non-targeted groups could prevent the dissemination of pertussis to infants.
Effects of different additives on fermentation quality, mycotoxin concentrations, and microbial communities in high-moisture corn kernels during wet storage
Authors: Wang Xingya , Sun Linlin , Zhang Shoumei , Guo Yuqiu , Chen Lirong , Gong Kuijie , Liu Kaichang 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionThe moisture content of corn kernels at harvest in China is relatively high, and wet storage effectively preserves high-moisture corn kernels. However, ensuring effective fermentation during storage is crucial.MethodsTo address this, we systematically investigated the variations in fermentation quality, mycotoxin concentrations, and microbial community composition under different additive treatments. The treatments included CK (control, deionized water), LAB homo- and hetero-lactic acid bacteria: Lactiplantibacillus plantarum and Weissella confusa MF01, and EN (cellulase), followed by 60 and 90 days of fermentation.ResultsThe results indicated that both LAB and EN treatments significantly reduced the concentrations of deoxynivalenol (DON), aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), and zearalenone (ZEN) compared to CK during the wet storage of high-moisture corn kernels. LAB treatment notably increased lactic and acetic acid levels, decreased pH and NH3-N content, and improved crude protein (CP, 8.24% DM) and starch content (73.01% DM) compared to CK. LAB treatment also reduced water-soluble carbohydrate (WSC) content (5.05% DM). Microbial diversity was reduced in the LAB treatment, as evidenced by decreases in both common and unique operational taxonomic units, while the relative abundance of Weissella increased after 60 days compared to CK. In contrast, despite higher lactic and acetic acid levels in the EN treatment, the pH did not decrease significantly due to higher NH3-N content. Overall, the LAB treatment outperformed other treatments by achieving lower mycotoxin concentrations, better fermentation quality, and superior preservation of nutritional components.DiscussionThis study provides valuable theoretical support and practical guidance for improving the wet storage of high-moisture corn kernels and enhancing their safety and nutritional value during storage.
Prevalence and solving strategies of drug-related problems in adult psychiatric inpatients - a systematic review
Authors: Wien Katharina , Reißner Pamela , Hefner Gudrun , Thern Julia , Borgwardt Stefan 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionMost psychiatric inpatients receive psychopharmacological treatment indicated for their mental diseases. The aim of this systematic review is to give clinical pharmacists and physicians a comprehensive summary of common drug-related problems (DRPs) in adult psychiatric inpatients and of potential interventions to solve them in clinical practice.MethodsSix databases and registers were searched for English, German and French articles published between 1999 and 2023 with content regarding the prevalence and/or type or interventions to solve DRPs in adult psychiatric inpatients. Studies were categorized based on types of DRPs and clinical interventions. The prevalence rates of DRPs and subtypes were compared quantitatively and the tested interventions were summarized qualitatively.ResultsA total of 88 articles with an overall sample of over 95.425 adult psychiatric inpatients were included in this review. DRPs were reported with a prevalence range of 0.32 to 9.48 per patient. The most frequently reported DRPs were caused by prescribing errors (1.91 per patient), the most frequent subtype was drug interaction (0.77 per patient). Clinical pharmacists were involved in interventions in 7 of 13 included articles. Interventions consisted of clinical pharmacy services on the ward, educational classes, medication reviews, and the implementation of digital tools such as dispensing cabinets and prescribing tools.DiscussionThe included studies were heterogeneous. The most frequent DRPs in psychiatry are related to prescribing errors and drug interactions. Clinical pharmacists may support the drug therapy by identifying and effectively solving DRPs in psychiatric inpatients using interdisciplinary approaches.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier CRD42022354958.
Recovery trajectories of mental health symptoms among Chinese adolescents following the end of COVID-19
Authors: Peng Jun , He Meihui , Guo Yongxing , Diao Jiangdong , Chen Kun , Deng Ziyi , Mo Lei , Gao Ruixiang 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic has had a profound impact on global mental health, particularly among adolescents. However, little is known about how mental health symptoms recover after the pandemic subsides. This study aims to examine the recovery trajectories of ten mental health problems and suicidal ideation among Chinese adolescents post-pandemic, with a focus on identifying factors that influence different recovery patterns.MethodsA total of 2,534 adolescents participated in a three-wave survey, conducted in June 2022, November 2022, and March 2023, using the Mental Health Scale for Chinese Middle School Students. A novel index was developed to account for both the number and severity of mental health risk factors, allowing for the classification of psychological symptoms into three subgroups: no, moderate, and severe. Polynomial regression models were applied to determine the acceleration inflection point, and multivariate logistic regressions identified predictors of trajectory membership.ResultsSignificant declines in psychological symptoms were observed. Seven trajectory patterns were identified: resistance (37.85%), recovery (22.61%), chronic-dysfunction (12.08%), aftermath-deterioration (10.81%), stress-responsiveness (8.21%), vulnerability (5.76%), and remitting (2.68%). Being female, senior high school students, and the oldest child in the family hindered mental health recovery, whereas parenting styles of companionship, empathetic support, promise fulfillment, and behavior intervention served as protective factors.ConclusionThis study is one of the first to reveal the post-pandemic mental health recovery trajectories of Chinese adolescents, highlighting the importance of considering both the number and severity of cumulative mental health problems. The findings offer valuable insights into suicide prevention and the development of targeted interventions to support youth mental health recovery.
Ellagic Acid Potentiates the Inhibitory Effects of Fluconazole Against Candida albicans
Authors: Mendes Amanda Graziela Gonçalves , Campos Carmem Duarte Lima , Pereira-Filho José Lima , Pereira Aleania Polassa Almeida , Reis Gabriel Silva Abrantes , Araújo Árlon Wendel de Marinho Silva , Monteiro Pablo de Matos , Vidal Flávia Castello Branco , Monteiro Silvio Gomes , da Silva Figueiredo Isabella Fernandes , Fernandes Elizabeth Soares , Monteiro Cristina de Andrade , Monteiro-Neto Valério 
Published: December 2024

Background/Objectives: Antifungal resistance to azoles, coupled with the increasing prevalence of Candida albicans infections, represents a significant public health challenge and has driven the search for new natural compounds that can act as alternatives or adjuvants to the current antifungals. Ellagic acid (EA) has demonstrated antifungal activity; however, its effects are not fully understood. In this study, we investigated the in vitro anti-Candida activity of EA and its ability to potentiate the effects of fluconazole (FLZ) on C. albicans. Methods: The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of EA was determined by broth microdilution and its interaction with FLZ was assessed using a checkerboard assay. Additionally, we examined the effects of EA on yeast-to-hypha transition, inhibition of biofilm formation, time–kill kinetics, hemolytic activity, and cytotoxicity in HeLa ATCC® CCL-2™ cells. Results: EA exhibited MIC values ranging from 250 to 2000 µg/mL and showed synergistic and additive interactions with FLZ, resulting in a marked reduction in the MIC values of FLZ (up to 32-fold) and EA (up to 16-fold). In the time–kill assay, the most effective combinations were 4× EA MIC, 2× EA MIC, and FIC EA + FLZ, which showed fungicidal activity. Furthermore, EA did not show hemolytic activity and demonstrated low and dose-dependent cytotoxicity in HeLa cells, with no cytotoxic effects observed in combination with FLZ. EA and the synergistic combination of EA and FLZ interfered with both the yeast-to-hypha transition process in C. albicans cells and biofilm formation. In addition to its antifungal efficacy, EA demonstrated a favorable safety profile at the concentrations used. Conclusions: This study presents promising results regarding the potential use of EA in combination with FLZ for the treatment of C. albicans infections.
An In Silico Investigation of the Pathogenic G151R G Protein-Gated Inwardly Rectifying K+ Channel 4 Variant to Identify Small Molecule Modulators
Authors: Pitsillou Eleni , Liang Julia J. , Kino Noa , Lockwood Jessica L. , Hung Andrew , El-Osta Assam , AbuMaziad Asmaa S. , Karagiannis Tom C. 
Published: December 2024

Primary aldosteronism is characterised by the excessive production of aldosterone, which is a key regulator of salt metabolism, and is the most common cause of secondary hypertension. Studies have investigated the association between primary aldosteronism and genetic alterations, with pathogenic mutations being identified. This includes a glycine-to-arginine substitution at position 151 (G151R) of the G protein-activated inward rectifier potassium (K+) channel 4 (GIRK4), which is encoded by the KCNJ5 gene. Mutations in GIRK4 have been found to reduce the selectivity for K+ ions, resulting in membrane depolarisation, the activation of voltage-gated Ca2+ channels, and an increase in aldosterone secretion. As a result, there is an interest in identifying and exploring the mechanisms of action of small molecule modulators of wildtype (WT) and mutant channels. In order to investigate the potential modulation of homotetrameric GIRK4WT and GIRK4G151R channels, homology models were generated. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were performed, followed by a cluster analysis to extract starting structures for molecular docking. The central cavity has been previously identified as a binding site for small molecules, including natural compounds. The OliveNetTM database, which consists of over 600 compounds from Olea europaea, was subsequently screened against the central cavity. The binding affinities and interactions of the docked ligands against the GIRK4WT and GIRK4G151R channels were then examined. Based on the results, luteolin-7-O-rutinoside, pheophorbide a, and corosolic acid were identified as potential lead compounds. The modulatory activity of olive-derived compounds against the WT and mutated forms of the GIRK4 channel can be evaluated further in vitro.
Synthesis and Application of SAPO-11 Molecular Sieves Prepared from Reaction Gels with Various Templates in the Hydroisomerization of Hexadecane
Authors: Serebrennikov Dmitry V. , Zabirov Arthur R. , Saliev Alexey N. , Yakovenko Roman E. , Prosochkina Tatyana R. , Fayzullina Zulfiya R. , Guskov Vladimir Yu. , Kutepov Boris I. , Agliullin Marat R. 
Published: December 2024

Among the most selective catalytic systems for the hydroisomerization of C16+ n-paraffins, catalytic systems based on SAPO-11 are quite promising. In order to increase the activity and selectivity of these bifunctional catalysts, it is necessary to reduce the diffusion restrictions for the reacting molecules and their products in the microporous structure of SAPO-11 by reducing the crystal size. To solve this problem, we have studied the influence of different templates (diethylamine, dipropylamine, diisopropylamine, and dibutylamine) on the physicochemical properties of reaction gels and SAPO-11 silicoaluminophosphates during their crystallization. Using XRD, SEM, and NMR techniques, we found that regardless of the template used, the reaction gel after the aging process at 90 °C is an AlPO4·2H2O hydroaluminophosphate. At the same time, the nature of the template affects the morphology and crystal sizes of the intermediate alumophosphate, AlPO4·2H2O, and the molecular sieves, SAPO-11. The acidic properties and the porous structure characteristics of SAPO-11 are also affected by the template. A template was proposed to enable the synthesis of nanoscale SAPO-11 crystals. The influence of the morphology and crystal size of SAPO-11 on the catalytic properties of a bifunctional catalyst based on SAPO-11 in the hydroisomerization of hexadecane was investigated.
The Impact of Point-of-Care Ultrasound on the Diagnosis and Management of Small Bowel Obstruction in the Emergency Department: A Retrospective Observational Single-Center Study
Authors: Di Gioia Carmine Cristiano , Alame Alice , Orso Daniele 
Published: December 2024

Background and Objectives: Small bowel obstruction (SBO) requires prompt diagnosis and management. Due to its advantages, POCUS can be beneficial when assessing SBO. However, it is still doubtful whether POCUS performed by an emergency doctor can prolong the time of patients with SBO in the emergency department (ED). The primary outcome was time to diagnosis when using POCUS compared to not using it. Secondary outcomes included the processing time in the ED, ED length of stay (LOS), rates of abdominal radiography, hospital LOS, and mortality. Materials and Methods: We conducted a retrospective, observational study in our ED from 1 November 2021 to 31 December 2023, including patients aged 18 and older diagnosed with SBO. Both groups received confirmation of their diagnosis through contrast-enhanced computed tomography. The two groups of patients (POCUS group vs. non-POCUS group) were compared regarding the time needed to reach the final diagnosis (i.e., time to diagnosis), the ED LOS, the hospital LOS, and in-hospital mortality. Results: A total of 106 patients were included. The median time to diagnosis was 121 min for the POCUS group vs. 217 min for the non-POCUS group (p < 0.001). Median ED processing time was 276 min in the POCUS group compared to 376 min in the non-POCUS group (p = 0.006). ED LOS was also shorter in the POCUS group (333 vs. 436 min, p = 0.010). Abdominal X-ray rates were lower in the POCUS group (49% vs. 78%, p = 0.004). Hospital LOS was similar between the two groups (p = 1.000). Five non-POCUS patients died during hospitalization; none died in the POCUS group, but the difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.063). Conclusions: POCUS significantly reduced time to diagnosis and ED LOS. Further exploration is needed to assess long-term outcomes and the cost-effectiveness of integrating POCUS into ED practice.
Identification of Causal Genes and Potential Drug Targets for Restless Legs Syndrome: A Comprehensive Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Qian Ruiyi , Zhao Xue , Lyu Dongbin , Xu Qingqing , Yuan Kai , Luo Xin , Wang Wanying , Wang Yang , Liu Yutong , Cheng Yu , Tan Yingting , Mou Fan , Yuan Chengmei , Yu Shunying 
Published: December 2024

Background: Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is a common sensorimotor sleep disorder that affects sleep quality of life. Much effort has been made to make progress in RLS pharmacotherapy; however, patients with RLS still report poor long-term symptom control. Methods: Comprehensive Mendelian randomization (MR) was performed to search for potential causal genes and drug targets using the cis-pQTL and RLS GWAS data. Robustness was validated using the summary-based Mendelian randomization (SMR) method and co-localization analysis. Further evidence of pleiotropy of the target genes and their potential side effects was provided by phenome-wide MR analysis (MR-PheWAS). Finally, molecular docking simulations were conducted on drug candidates corresponding to these targets, which revealed promising binding affinities and interaction patterns and underscored the druggable potential of the target gene. All of the analyses above were conducted in the context of Homo sapiens. Results: MAN1A2 showed a statistically significant result in the MR analysis, which was validated through SMR and co-localization analysis. The MR-PheWAS showed a low probability of pleiotropy and prospective side effects. Molecular docking was used to visualize the binding structure and fine affinity for MAN1A2 and the drugs predicted by DSigDB. Conclusions: Our study provides comprehensive evidence supporting MAN1A2 as a promising causal gene and therapeutic target for RLS, offering insights into the underlying molecular mechanisms and paving the way for future drug development efforts.
دراسة مقارنة بين موقف المرأة الخليجية والمرأة الغربية تجاه القيادة في العمل
Authors: نيل مارك , فينلاي جيم , بيروتي نوري 
Published: December 2024

تهدف هذه الدراسة المقارنة إلى مناقشة وتحليل الاختلاف في موقف المرأة في المجتمع الخليجي العربي والمجتمع الغربي بالنسبة للقيادة. وأظهرت الدراسة وجود اختلاف مهم من جانب البعد التحليلي، "التقليدي" و "التعاوني". ويفسر هذا الاختلاف بين المجموعتين في نطاق الخلفية التاريخية والثقافية لهما. وتسعى هذه الدراسة إلى إثراء المعرفة والإسهام في الحوار حول نظرة المرأة الخليجية وموقفها بالنسبة للقيادة، كما أنها تعطي مساحة أوسع من الحوار ليشمل النساء من الدول النامية الأخرى.
Perbedaan Perilaku Masyarakat Sebelum dan Sesudah Penyuluhan Tentang Penanganan Sampah Rumah Tangga
Authors: Dahlan Maarifah , Hannan Muchlis , Pertiwi Sukma 
Published: December 2024

Permasalahan persampahan yang sudah mengemuka secara nasional, secara umum didominasi oleh wilayah perkotaan yang memiliki keterbatasan lahan TPA (Tempat Pembuangan Akhir) sehingga dampaknya terhadap pencemaran lingkungan sangat urgensi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah ada perbedaan perilaku masyarakat sebelum dan sesudah penyuluhan tentang penanganan sampah rumah tangga di lingkungan jambu tua.Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah quasi experimental dengan menggunakan metode pretest dan posttest berjumlah 31 masyarakat yang dipilih melalui Simple Random Sampling dari 315 masyarakat jambu tua.Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa adanya peningkatan pengetahuan perilaku meningkat dari rata-rata 63.67 sebelum penyuluhan,sesudah penyuluhan dengan nilai rata-rata 68.64 dan sikap meningkat dari rata-rata 63.80 sebelum penyuluhan dengan rata-rata 65.87. Tindakan sebelum penyuluhan dengan nilai rata-rata 66.25 dan sesudah penyuluhan den dengan rata-rata 69.03. Berdasarkan hasil uji perbedaan perilaku penanganan sampah rumah tangga sebelum dan sesudah penyuluhan dengan nilai p.value 0.000. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini ada terdapat perbedaan perilaku penangan sampah rumah tangga sebelum dan sesudah penyuluhan. Bagi Masyarakat agar lebih giat dalam melakukan penanganan sampah.
HUBUNGAN MUTU PELAYANAN KESEHATAN DENGAN KEPUASAN PASIEN GAWAT DARURAT DIRUMAH SAKIT UMUM GMIM BETHESDA TOMOHON
Authors: Samola Noldy Yulian , Asnidar Asnidar , Al-Maidin Achmad Mutaqien , Rais Muhammad Kardi 
Published: December 2024

Mutu pelayanan dan kepuasan pelanggan dipilih sebagai variabel dalam penelitian ini karena penelitian tentang kepuasan pelanggan sangat penting untuk diteliti karena kepuasan pelanggan merupakan isu yang paling kerap dibincangkan dalam semua pasien Rumah Sakit. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian Kuantitatif. Desain yang digunakan pada penelitian ini bersifat Analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional, yaitu dalam pengukuran dan pengamatan dilakukan pada saat bersamaan. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh pasien yang berkunjung rumah sakit GMIM Bethesda Tomohon pada bulan Maret Tahun 2024 rata-rata kunjungan rawat inap berjumlah 150 orang. Sampel berjumlah 60 orang. Teknik Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan purposive sampling. Dengan Analisis univariat dan bivariat hasil Penelitian ada hubungan pengaruh dimensi Informasi untuk Pasien (Information to Patient), Proses Penerimaan (Admission Process), Lingkungan Fisik (Physical Environment), Konsultasi Dokter (Physician Consultation) dengan kepuasan pasien Rumah Sakit GMIM Bethesda Tomohon dan Tidak ada hubungan dimensi Waktu tunggu terhadap kepuasan pasien Rumah Sakit GMIM Bethesda Tomohon. Diharapkan bagi akademik dapat menjadi bahan informasi dan literatur tentang Hubungan mutu pelayanan kesehatan dengan kepuasan pasien gawat darurat dirumah sakit umum GMIM Bethesda Tomohon.