bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fast Analysis of Optimal Improved-Oil-Recovery Switch Time Using a Two-Factor Production Model and Least-Squares Monte Carlo Algorithm
Authors: Hong Aojie , Bratvold Reidar B. , Lake Larry W. 
Published: November 2018

SummarySimple or proxy production models are potentially very useful and tractable because they are computationally attractive while still providing insights into the decisions at hand. Useful and tractable models are required for supporting high-quality decisions in uncertain, complex, and computationally demanding contexts. A key decision for development planning is determining the optimal time to begin an improved-oil-recovery (IOR) process. We aim to illustrate the implementation and application of a useful and tractable approach for analyzing the optimal IOR switch time using a two-factor production model and the least-squares Monte Carlo (LSM) algorithm.The two-factor production model contains only two parameters for each recovery phase. One parameter describes how much recovery efficiency a recovery mechanism can ultimately achieve, and the other describes how fast the recovery efficiency increases. The simplicity of the model makes it computationally attractive. Our modified LSM algorithm is an approximate dynamic programming approach, which allows for learning over time. It provides a near-optimal solution for the IOR switch-time problem. The value-of-information (VOI) framework, which is a powerful decision-analysis tool, provides an estimate of the value of learning.Closed-loop reservoir management (CLRM) is considered to be a state-of-the-art approach to solving for the optimal IOR switch time. However, the CLRM approach can produce a suboptimal solution because it considers only uncertainties and actions reflecting currently available information, but not those uncertainties and actions arising from future information. The dynamic programming approach used here considers both the effect of the information obtained before a decision is made and the effect of the information that might be obtained to support future decisions. We conclude that a dynamic programming approach, such as the modified LSM algorithm, can significantly improve both the timing and value of decisions, leading to a significant increase in a field's economic performance. Furthermore, the two-factor model combined with the modified LSM algorithm is tractable and provides useful insights into the IOR switch-time problem.The novelties provided by this work are developing and illustrating the structure of the IOR switch-time problem using a decision tree; demonstrating and discussing the suboptimality of the CLRM solution; developing and illustrating the detailed steps of applying the modified LSM algorithm for the IOR switch-time decision; and implementing the two-factor model combined with the modified LSM algorithm for analyzing the optimal IOR switch time.
Black Film Mulching and Plant Density Influencing Soil Water Temperature Conditions and Maize Root Growth
Authors: Sun Shijun , Chen Zhijun , Jiang Hao , Zhang Linlin 
Published: November 2018

Core Ideas
Transparent film mulching increased the soil water storage more than black film mulching.
The mulching treatment only markedly increased the soil temperature in the maize seeding growth stage.
Higher plant density decreased the root surface area, root volume, root length, and root diameter.
Plastic mulch in combination with high plant density is a common agronomic technique in rainfed maize (Zea mays L.) production. However, the effects of combining colored film mulching and plant density on soil temperature, soil water storage, the maize roots, and yield have not been thoroughly elucidated to date. Thus, a field experiment to explore the effects of colored film mulching and plant density on soil temperature and water, maize roots, and yield was conducted on main plots with three types of mulching (non‐mulching, transparent film mulching, and black plastic film mulching), which were divided into three subplots with three plant densities (60,000, 75,000, and 90,000 plants ha−1). The results were as follows: The mulching increased the soil water storage during the entire period of maize growth, and transparent film mulching increased soil water storage more than black film mulching. The mulching only markedly increased soil temperature in the maize seeding and jointing stages compared with the non‐mulching treatment, but the plant density augmented the soil temperature after the seeding stage. Compared with the non‐mulching treatment, the mulching treatments significantly increased root length, root length density, and root diameter by 17.0, 21.4, and 11.6%, respectively, during the heading stage and by 65.2, 70, and 11.6%, respectively, during the mature stage. As plant density increased, root surface area, root volume, root length, and root diameter decreased. The best combination, which attained higher yield and profit than other treatments, was the combination of a plant density of 90,000 plants ha−1 and black film mulching.
Sponge city construction in China: policy and implementation experiences
Authors: Xiang Chenyao , Liu Jiahong , Shao Weiwei , Mei Chao , Zhou Jinjun 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
To deal with the three universal urban water problems – namely storm floods, water pollution and water shortage – China has implemented a comprehensive solution: the Sponge City Construction Project. Sponge cities aim to reduce runoff and pollution, and also to restore downstream ecologies. They combine low impact development methods with grey infrastructures, large-scale flood control projects and rehabilitation. This paper describes Chinese experiences of construction and financing for implementation of sponge cities, which could provide references to other countries for building sustainable, climate-resilient cities and urban water management systems. It illustrates the objectives and methods of the sponge city design and demonstrates the differences in configuration and funding structures in cities of different climates and economic conditions. The total construction area involved in the pilot cities covers 449 km2. The configurations are distinct due to different economic conditions, climates and land forms: a humid district inclines to drainage-efficient approaches and pollution control devices, while a semi-humid district prefers green infrastructures and rainwater reuse facilities. The Chinese government plays an important role in the funding of sponge cities: Chinese central government provided CNY (¥)20.7 billion for the construction of 16 cities during 2015–2017, while the rest came from local governments and non-governmental investors.
Production of free radicals by the Co2+/Oxone system to carry out diclofenac degradation in aqueous medium
Authors: Rodríguez-Narváez Oscar M. , Serrano-Torres Oracio , Wrobel Kazimierz , Brillas Enric , Peralta-Hernandez Juan M. 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
This paper reports the degradation of a solution of 0.314 mM diclofenac (DCF), while using 5–15 mM Oxone as oxidizing agent with the catalytic action of 0.05–0.2 mM Co2+. The best performance was obtained for 10 mM Oxone and 0.2 mM Co2+, achieving the total DCF abatement and 77% removal of chemical oxygen demand after 30 min. Oxidizing of sulfate () and hydroxyl (•OH) radicals was formed by the Co2+/Oxone system. Oxone was firstly oxidized to persulfate ion that was then quickly converted into the above free radicals. For Oxone contents ≥10 mM, the decay of DCF concentration followed a second-order kinetic reaction, but the apparent rate constant changed with the Co2+ concentration used. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis of treated solutions showed the formation of some intermediates, whereas oxalic acid was identified as the prevalent final short-linear carboxylic acid by ion-exclusion HPLC.
In Silico Analysis and Molecular Docking Studies of Novel 6,7-dihydropyrano [2,3-d] pyrimidin-5-one Derivatives as Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 (HER2) and Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) Inhibitors
Authors: Panchal Ishan I. , Shah Ashish , Devgirkar Animesh , Shah Umang , Patel Ashish , Patel Alkesh , Sen Dhrubo J. 
Published: November 2018

Background::
HER2 is a member of the human epidermal growth factor receptor
(HER/EGFR-/ERBB) family. Amplification or over-expression of this oncogene has been shown
to play a major role in the development and progression of certain destructive types of breast cancer.
Several drugs like Trastuzumab, Pertuzumab, Capecitabine, and Letrozole are used in the patients
with metastatic breast cancer that overexpress the HER2 receptor.

Materials and Methods::
We aimed to investigate, the prevalence, ADME prediction, biological
activity prediction of novel HER2/ EGFR mutations in breast cancer. Literature review shows that
pyrano pyrimidin scaffold plays important role in the treatment of Brest cancer. So we have to design
novel 6,7-Dihydropyrano [2,3-d] pyrimidin-5-one derivatives with virtual screening techniques.
Molecular target prediction shows that all derivatives act on tyrosine kinase.

Results::
Among all the compounds H11 (-8.8 kcal/mol), H2 (-8.7 kcal/mol), H15 (-8.6 Kcal/mol),
and H17 (-8.7 Kcal/mol) had a maximum binding affinity as compared to Cipecitabine (-6.0
kcal/mol), STD1 (-7.2 Kcal/mol) and STD2 (-7.9 Kcal/mol) and other derivatives. Most of the
compounds are moderately active and do not cross the blood brain barrier.

Conclusion::
The bioactivity prediction shows that all compounds are active to moderately active.
These positive results show that it could be further investigated and explored.
Flower Pollen Extract in Association with Vitamins (Deprox 500®) Versus Serenoa repens in Chronic Prostatitis/Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome: A Comparative Analysis of Two Different Treatments
Authors: Macchione Nicola , Bernardini Paolo , Piacentini Igor , Mangiarotti Barbara , Del Nero Alberto 
Published: November 2018

Objective:Chronic Prostatitis/Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome (CP/CPPS) is reported in the literature ranging from 1 to 14.2%. The aim of the present study was to assess the impact on patient’s quality of life and symptoms of Flower pollen extract in association with vitamins (Deprox 500®) in comparison with Serenoa repens 320 mg (Permixon 320 mg® by Pierre Fabre) in patients with CP/CPPS.Methodology:All consecutive patients, with a diagnosis of CP/CPPS, referred to our center from January to August 2016, were screened to be enrolled in this single-center, randomized, controlled trial. The main outcome measure was the evaluation of IPSS/NIHCPSI (International Prostatic Symptom Score/NIH-Chronic Prostatitis Symptom Index) score variation and the assessment of the quality of life and symptoms at the end of the therapy. The second outcome measure was the evaluation of the comorbidity role in the CP/CPPS therapy. 63 patients were analyzed; patients were randomized into two groups: 29 patients were treated with Deprox 500® 2 tablets/day for 6 weeks and 34 patients with Serenoa repens 320 mg, 1 tablet/day for 6 weeks.Results:The mean score variation for IPSS was -12.7 ± 4.3 in the Deprox 500® group and -7.8 ± 4.7 in the Serenoa repens group (p=0.0005) while for NIH-CPSI was -17.3±3.1 in the Deprox 500® group and -13.6±4.8 in the Serenoa repens group (p=0.0016). By accounting only the symptoms part of NIH-CPSI questionnaire, the mean score variation reported was -11.5±2.5 in the Deprox 500® group and -9.02±4.0 in the Serenoa repens group (p=0.009321). Furthermore, analyzing the comorbidity subgroups, in patients with hypertension, the mean IPSS score variation was -14.3±3.2 in the Deprox 500® group and - 9.02±4.0 in the Serenoa repens group.Conclusion:In conclusion, in patients with CP/CPPS, Deprox 500® improves IPSS and NIH-CPSI scores up to 74.5% and 84.5% respectively. Furthermore, in patients with hypertension, the antioxidant effect of Deprox 500® reduces the mean IPSS score of 82.7%.
Transport of Bupropion and its Metabolites by the Model CHO and HEK293 Cell Lines
Authors: Han Lyrialle W. , Gao Chunying , Zhang Yuchen , Wang Joanne , Mao Qingcheng 
Published: November 2018

<P>Background: Bupropion (BUP) is widely used as an antidepressant and smoking cessation aid. There are three major pharmacologically active metabolites of BUP, Erythrohydrobupropion (EB), Hydroxybupropion (OHB) and Threohydrobupropion (TB). At present, the mechanisms underlying the overall disposition and systemic clearance of BUP and its metabolites have not been well understood, and the role of transporters has not been studied. </P><P> Objective: The goal of this study was to investigate whether BUP and its active metabolites are substrates of the major hepatic uptake and efflux transporters. </P><P> Method: CHO or HEK293 cell lines or plasma membrane vesicles that overexpress OATP1B1, OATP1B3, OATP2B1, OATP4A1, OCT1, BCRP, MRP2 or P-gp were used in cellular or vesicle uptake and inhibition assays. Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was used to quantify transport activity. </P><P> Results: BUP and its major active metabolites were actively transported into the CHO or HEK293 cells overexpressing OATP1B1, OATP1B3 or OATP2B1; however, such cellular active uptake could not be inhibited at all by prototypical inhibitors of any of the OATP transporters. These compounds were not transported by OCT1, BCRP, MRP2 or P-gp either. These results suggest that the major known hepatic transporters likely play a minor role in the overall disposition and systemic clearance of BUP and its active metabolites in humans. We also demonstrated that BUP and its metabolites were not transported by OATP4A1, an uptake transporter on the apical membrane of placental syncytiotrophoblasts, suggesting that OATP4A1 is not responsible for the transfer of BUP and its metabolites from the maternal blood to the fetal compartment across the placental barrier in pregnant women.Conclusion:BUP and metabolites are not substrates of the major hepatic transporters tested and thus these hepatic transporters likely do not play a role in the overall disposition of the drug. Our results also suggest that caution should be taken when using the model CHO and HEK293 cell lines to evaluate potential roles of transporters in drug disposition.</P>
Vascular Calcification and not Arrhythmia in Idiopathic Atrial Fibrillation Associates with Sex Differences in Diabetic Microvascular Injury miRNA Profiles
Authors: Dudink Elton , Florijn Barend , Weijs Bob , Duijs Jacques , Luermans Justin , Peeters Frederique , Schurgers Leon , Wildberger Joachim , Schotten Ulrich , Bijkerk Roel , Crijns Harry J. , van Zonneveld Anton Jan 
Published: November 2018

Background:
Atrial Fibrillation (AF) in patients without concomitant cardiovascular
pathophysiological disease, is called idiopathic Atrial Fibrillation (iAF). Nonetheless, iAF patients
have often times subclinical coronary (micro) vascular dysfunction and, particularly in women, a
higher prevalence of subsequent cardiovascular comorbidities. Previously, we identified a plasma
miRNA association with diabetes and microvascular injury in Diabetic Nephropathy (DN) patients.
Therefore, in this study we assessed whether plasma levels of these diabetic, microvascular injury associated
miRNAs reflect microvascular integrity in iAF patients, associated with the presence of
paroxysmal arrhythmia or instead are determined by concealed coronary artery disease.

Methods:
Circulating levels of a pre-selected set of diabetic, (micro) vascular injury associated
miRNAs, were measured in 59 iAF patients compared to 176 Sinus Rhythm (SR) controls. Furthermore,
the presence of coronary artery and aortic calcification in each patient was assessed using Cardiac
Computed Tomography Angiography (CCTA).

Results:
Paroxysmal arrhythmia in iAF patients did not result in significant miRNA expression profile
differences in iAF patients compared to SR controls. Nonetheless, coronary artery calcification
(CAC) was associated with higher levels of miRNAs-103, -125a-5p, -221 and -223 in men. In women,
CAC was associated with higher plasma levels of miRNA-27a and miRNA-126 and correlated
with Agatston scores. Within the total population, ascending Aortic Calcification (AsAC) patients
displayed increased plasma levels of miRNA-221, while women, in particular, demonstrated a Descending
Aorta Calcification (DAC) associated increase in miRNA-212 levels.
</P><P>
Conclusions: Diabetic microvascular injury associated miRNAs in iAF are associated with subclinical
coronary artery disease in a sex-specific way and confirm the notion that biological sex identifies
iAF subgroups that may require dedicated clinical care.
Synthesis of Cost-effective Trimetallic Oxide Nanocatalysts for the Reduction of Nitroarenes in Presence of NaBH4 in an Aqueous Medium
Authors: Mukherjee Arnab , Adak Mrinal K. , Chowdhury Anirban , Dhak Debasis 
Published: November 2018

Background:
To prevent the environmental pollution, the release of the carcinogenic
reagents like nitroarenes, especially nitrobenzene must be reduced or to find a way to convert these
hazardous materials into less harmful material. For the reduction of nitroarenes, various types of
catalysts such as metal nanoparticles (mainly coinage and group VIII) and platinum group metals were
used. The chemo/homo selectivity of the reduction of nitroarenes was tested mainly in an organic
solvent medium.

Method:
Trimetallic oxide nanocatalysts were prepared chemically and characterized via Thermogravimetric
analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy FTIR),
Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and solid UV studies. A series of nitroarenes were subjected to
get their amine analogues using the NaBH4 in an aqueous medium using the synthesized catalysts. The
completion of the reduction process was confirmed by the spectroscopic analysis.

Results:
The average crystallite of the trimetallic oxide nanocatalysts was found to be 14-32nm. The
reductions were selective (homo/chemo) and kinetics followed the Lindemann-Hinshelwood pseudofirst
order kinetics with the rate constant in the order of 10-3 s-1. Hydroxylamine intermediate was
found to be formed in the reduction procedure.

Conclusion:
The catalysts showed promising for the selectivity (homo/chemo). The reduction processes
were less time consuming e.g. nitrobenzene took 10 mins and a series of nitroanilines required
35-40 s for the reduction. In short, the trimetallic nano-oxide catalysts possess fast reaction process,
cost-effective, easy to handle, reusable and hence could be promising for industrial waste treatment.
Tree-Based Ant Colony Optimization Algorithm for Effective Multicast Routing in Mobile Adhoc Network
Authors: Sharma Priyanka , Nunia Manish Kumar , Basavarajaish Madhushree , Tanwar Sudeep 
Published: November 2018

Background:
Multimedia transmission over wireless communication is gaining
momentum with rapid use of mobile hand-held devices. Providing a QoS based routing solution is a
major challenge, due to the transient and inaccurate state of Mobile Ad hoc Networks. Discovering
optimal multicast routes is an NP-Problem and hence, QoS based routing is typically an optimization
problem. Swarm Intelligence is a heuristic-based approach to find solutions to various complex
problems using the principle of collective behaviour of natural agents.

Objective:
An ACO based approach for optimization of QoS based multicast routing algorithm for
multimedia streaming applications is proposed. Proposed approach performed well in comparison to
other state-of-the-art approaches with respect to path maintenance, packet delivery ratio, and end-toend
delay.

Methods:
The multicast routing model is simulated as a tree structure, where the nodes represent
stations and the edges represent the link between the stations.

Results:
Results show that proposed approach is much faster in convergence speed than the
conventional AntNet. With the increasing size of the MANET environment, the convergence time of
proposed approach is much better than AntNet. This is mainly due to the trace maintenance, treebased
approach for path selection and implementation of local update and global update of the
pheromone values.

Conclusion:
We can conclude that the proposed approach is a more effective algorithm for multiconstraints
multicast routing.
Role of Technology in Solid Waste Management: A Review
Authors: Kumari Jyoti , Shrivastava Gulshan , Sinha Akash , Kumar Prabhat 
Published: November 2018

Background:Waste management is an essential process for the progress of any nation. The exponential growth in the urbanization and industrialization has brought the waste management issue into prime focus. The practices adopted for waste management vary across the nations as well as regions and sectors. Solid waste management encompasses a number of activities ranging from waste collection to waste recycling and waste reuse. These activities can make use of the technology for enhancing the throughput at each level.Objective:This paper provides a review of the activities involved and technology employed at each step of the solid waste management process.Methods:A phase-wise discussion of the activities involved in solid waste management cycle is provided along with the current methods in practice for each activity. The paper further provides a technical review of technology used for improving the waste management scenario. A brief discussion of the methods for reducing waste generation and increasing reuse is also presented. Finally, the paper identifies a list of challenges related to the waste management process and provides suitable suggestions for addressing the identified challenges.Conclusion:This work shall help the researchers to gain valuable insight into the challenges involved in solid waste management practices and would guide future research regarding the employment of technology for improving the efficiency of the overall waste management process.
Into the World of Underwater Swarm Robotics: Architecture, Communication, Applications and Challenges
Authors: Keerthi Koyippilly Satheesh , Mahapatra Bandana , Menon Varun Girijan 
Published: November 2018

Background:
With the curiosity of exploring the underwater world, science has devised
various technologies and machines that can help them in performing activities like exploring, navigating
and plunging into the unknown world of oceanography. Underwater Robot or vehicle can be
claimed as an outcome of extensive research done by the scientists who aimed at discovering the
unknown mysterious world of ocean and how it can benefit humanity. Swarm robotics is an entirely
new section of robotics that has been developed based on swarm intelligence. Considering the fact,
swarm robotics being still in nuptial stage, researchers have provided immense contribution with an
aim to develop this technology. The objective of the paper is to present a comprehensive review
covering the various technical and conceptual aspects of underwater swarm robotic system.

Methods:
A systematic review on state-of-the-art has been performed where contributions of various
researchers was considered. The study emphasis on the concepts, technical background, architecture
and communication medium along with its applicability in various fields that also include various
issues and challenges faced while attaining them.

Results:
The incorporation of swarm intelligence in underwater robotics provides a new angle altogether
into the working pattern of underwater robotic system.

Conclusion:
The article is a systematic presentation of swarm robot technologies, their mechanisms,
conceived and designed communication medium with respect to adaptability of the vehicle to the
versatile nature of water. The paper delineates the various conceptual and technical details and its
beneficence to humanity.