bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ferroptosis: mechanisms and therapeutic targets
Authors: Zhou Qian , Meng Yu , Le Jiayuan , Sun Yuming , Dian Yating , Yao Lei , Xiong Yixiao , Zeng Furong , Chen Xiang , Deng Guangtong 
Published: November 2024

AbstractFerroptosis is a nonapoptotic form of cell death characterized by iron‐dependent lipid peroxidation in membrane phospholipids. Since its identification in 2012, extensive research has unveiled its involvement in the pathophysiology of numerous diseases, including cancers, neurodegenerative disorders, organ injuries, infectious diseases, autoimmune conditions, metabolic disorders, and skin diseases. Oxidizable lipids, overload iron, and compromised antioxidant systems are known as critical prerequisites for driving overwhelming lipid peroxidation, ultimately leading to plasma membrane rupture and ferroptotic cell death. However, the precise regulatory networks governing ferroptosis and ferroptosis‐targeted therapy in these diseases remain largely undefined, hindering the development of pharmacological agonists and antagonists. In this review, we first elucidate core mechanisms of ferroptosis and summarize its epigenetic modifications (e.g., histone modifications, DNA methylation, noncoding RNAs, and N6‐methyladenosine modification) and nonepigenetic modifications (e.g., genetic mutations, transcriptional regulation, and posttranslational modifications). We then discuss the association between ferroptosis and disease pathogenesis and explore therapeutic approaches for targeting ferroptosis. We also introduce potential clinical monitoring strategies for ferroptosis. Finally, we put forward several unresolved issues in which progress is needed to better understand ferroptosis. We hope this review will offer promise for the clinical application of ferroptosis‐targeted therapies in the context of human health and disease.
Association of Hemispheric Asymmetry of Dopamine‐Transporter Binding with Risk of Parkinsonian Depression
Authors: Fernández‐Espejo Emilio , Rodríguez de Fonseca Fernando 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundDepression is the most common psychiatric disorder diagnosed in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). A direct role in PD depression for loss of dopaminergic terminals and dopamine‐transporter (DAT) expression in the striatum is revealed by many studies.ObjectivesThe objective was to discern the relationship between DAT neuroimaging and risk of depression in PD.MethodsOne hundred and ninety‐eight PD patients (101 with depression, 97 without depression) were evaluated using an extensive protocol from 2015 to 2023. DAT availability at striatal terminals was assessed with single‐photon emission computed tomography with 123I‐Ioflupane. Specific binding ratio (SBR) of 123I‐Ioflupane and the whole striatum asymmetry index (SASI) were calculated. Data were analyzed with univariate/multivariate models as well as receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves.ResultsA logistic regression model adjusting for confounding risk factors of depression indicates that SASI and PD duration are associated with the odds of having parkinsonian depression. SASI is the strongest predictor of risk of parkinsonian depression. Following ROC analysis, SASI is found to be an accurate factor for detecting parkinsonian depression because a cutoff value of 3.4895 of SASI shows good accuracy (0.813), sensitivity (81.1%), and specificity (80%). Higher SASI is also linked to more disease‐related limitations in activities of daily living.ConclusionThe whole SASI is the strongest predictor of risk of parkinsonian depression. The findings could be valuable in evaluating depression in PD patients.
Centralized Versus Decentralized R&D Within a Multiproduct Monopolistic Firm Under Research Spillovers
Authors: Kim Doori , Lee Sang‐Ho , Zikos Vasileios 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThis study investigates the R&D organizational structure of a multi‐product monopolistic firm where the central office decides between centralized and decentralized R&D under research spillovers. We demonstrate that decentralized R&D becomes advantageous when the difference between monitoring and coordination costs is relatively high while products are sufficiently differentiated with lower spillovers. We also find that decentralized R&D can yield higher social welfare under moderate spillovers and product differentiation conditions. Our findings underscore the governmental need for a nuanced approach in designing R&D structures, considering the trade‐offs between centralized and decentralized R&D to align producer and consumer incentives.
Compact Microstrip Quasi‐Elliptic Bandpass Filter With Ultrabroad Reflectionless Range and High Selectivity
Authors: Zhang Awei , Xu Jinping , Liu Zhiqiang 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTIn this letter, a method of designing quasi‐elliptic bandpass filter with ultrabroad reflectionless bandwidth and high selectivity is proposed. It is implemented on the basis of a quasi‐elliptic absorptive lowpass filter (ALPF) prototype that features both a low‐reflection response over all normalized frequencies and two controllable transmission zeros near the passband. A distributed‐element absorptive bandpass filter (ABPF) scheme using coupled‐line units is derived from this quasi‐elliptic ALPF prototype. With this distributed‐element ABPF scheme, both ultrabroad reflectionless bandwidth and compact size can be realized. Equations for closed‐form design are derived. A microstrip ABPF operating at 2.0 GHz (i.e., f0) is designed for validation. The measured roll‐off rates of the upper and lower transition bands are 116.44 and 157.41 dBc/GHz, respectively. The return loss is better than 10 dB from direct current to 6.25f0. The size of the overall circuit is 0.12λg2.
Solar Cell Efficiency Tables (Version 65)
Authors: Green Martin A. , Dunlop Ewan D. , Yoshita Masahiro , Kopidakis Nikos , Bothe Karsten , Siefer Gerald , Hao Xiaojing , Jiang Jessica Yajie 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTConsolidated tables showing an extensive listing of the highest independently confirmed efficiencies for solar cells and modules are presented. Guidelines for inclusion of results into these tables are outlined, and new entries since July 2024 are reviewed.
Computational Studies of the Optoelectronic and Charge Transport Properties of Porphyrin and Corrole‐Based Molecules
Authors: Dhiman Angat , Ramachandran C. N. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThe structural, optoelectronic and charge transport properties of porphyrin and its analogues are investigated using the density functional theoretical methods. Most of the above molecules absorb in visible region with high light harvesting efficiency. The small energy gap between the frontier molecular orbitals (FMOs) suggests that porphyrin and its derivatives can be used in organic semiconductors. Electronic properties such as ionization potential, electron affinity, reorganization energy and the charge transfer integral are calculated to obtain their charge transport properties. It is revealed that porphyrin, porphyrazine and phthalocyanine act as hole transporters, whereas corrole and corrolazine act as electron transporters.
A root system architecture measurement pipeline for apple rootstocks
Authors: Sabety Jean , Serrano Alicia , Khan Awais 
Published: November 2024

AbstractA robust root system architecture (RSA) is vital for tree health and fruit production of perennial fruit crops across diverse environments over many years. Consequently, RSA holds significant importance for fruit crop breeding programs. However, phenotyping tree roots presents a significant challenge due to their size, complexity, and lack of an existing efficient root phenotyping system. This study aimed to address this gap by developing and validating a root phenotyping pipeline for large, complex, apple root systems. Root traits of both greenhouse and field‐grown apple trees were captured using either a camera or by imaging shaved roots with a flatbed scanner. These images were then analyzed with five root phenotyping software, RhizoVision, ImageJ, DIRT, RootGraph, and PlantCV, as well as visually ranked. Afterward, all these measurements were compared to hand‐measured root traits to evaluate their accuracy. RhizoVision accurately (p < 0.05) measured all traits for both greenhouse and field‐grown apple root systems. RhizoVision was able to accurately measure surface area and volume of intact crowns in as little as three photos. RootGraph and PlantCV showed varying degrees of accuracy. RhizoVision emerged as the most efficient and accurate method, providing root trait data without requiring extensive preprocessing of images, thus offering a reliable approach for phenotyping large apple root systems.
Spirometry Versus Forced Oscillation to Assess Lung Function Outcome at 5 Years of Age
Authors: Tepper Robert S. , Milner Kristin , Harris Julia , Lee Brianna , Cunningham Michelle , Tiller Christina , Shorey‐Kendrick Lyndsey E. , Schilling Diane , Brownsberger Julie , MacDonald Kelvin , Vu Annette , Park Byung S. , Spindel Eliot R. , Morris Cynthia D. , McEvoy Cindy T. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundSpirometry is the gold standard for assessing airway function for clinical studies; however, obtaining high‐quality data in young children remains challenging. Since the forced oscillation technique (FOT) requires less subject cooperations, there has been increasing interest in FOT, particularly in young children. We evaluated whether spirometry and FOT in young children provides comparable ability to detect a treatment effect.MethodsWe recently reported in a randomized controlled trial that vitamin C compared to placebo treatment of mothers who smoked during pregnancy (MSDP) results in the offspring having significantly higher forced expiratory flows (FEFs) at 5‐years of age, as well as significantly less wheeze at 4–6 years of age. In these same offspring, we also measured respiratory impedance using FOT at 8‐Hz impedance at 3, 4, and 5 years of age.ResultsAlthough spirometry demonstrated significantly increased FEFs in vitamin C compared to placebo‐treatment group at 5 years of age (p < 0.001), we were not able to detect a similar treatment effect using FOT impedance.ConclusionsIt may be challenging to obtain technically successful spirometry in preschool children; however, FEFs may provide a better outcome than single‐frequency FOT impedance to assess improvements in airway function in these young subjects.
Adaptive Risk‐Adjusted Weighted CUSUM Chart for Monitoring Surgical Performance
Authors: Li Longhui , Liu Zixian , Shang Yanfen , Pei Zhaona , Gao Ning 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTDetecting changes in surgical performance early is important to improve the quality of surgery. In recent years, numerous risk‐adjusted control charts have been applied to monitor surgical performance. The conventional risk‐adjusted cumulative sum (CUSUM) charts need to be preset with the out‐of‐control odds ratio, and the performance of the control charts can be significantly affected by the actual change level. To effectively monitor changes in surgical performance, this paper proposes a novel adaptive risk‐adjusted weighted cumulative sum (RA‐WCUSUM) chart for monitoring binary surgical outcomes, where a weighting function based on standardized residuals is applied to the log‐likelihood ratio statistic. The proposed method is compared with several competing charts through simulation, and the simulation results show the superiority of the proposed method. A cardiac surgery dataset is used to demonstrate the application of the proposed method.
Hierarchical Distributed Model‐Free Adaptive Fault‐Tolerant Vehicular Platooning Control
Authors: Zhang Peng , Che Wei‐Wei 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTIn this article, a hierarchical distributed model‐free adaptive fault‐tolerant vehicular platooning control scheme for nonlinear vehicular platooning systems (VPSs) is studied. First of all, the dynamic linearization technique (DLT) is utilized to acquire an equivalent linear data model for nonlinear VPSs. Secondly, a hierarchical control structure is developed to realize the vehicular platooning tracking control task, which consists of the upper‐layer adaptive distributed observer and the under‐layer decentralized model‐free adaptive vehicular platooning tracking controller. In order to make each follower vehicle get the leader's information, the adaptive distributed observer is employed to get the estimation value of leader's information. In addition, for the purpose of ensuring the safety of driving, the radial basis function neural network (RBFNN) algorithm is utilized to address the problem of sensor failures. Based on this, a novel hierarchical distributed model‐free adaptive fault‐tolerant vehicular platooning control scheme is designed to achieve simultaneous tracking of vehicular position and speed. Lastly, the validity of the theoretical control scheme is demonstrated through a realistic and detailed simulation example of a VPS.
Sustainable innovation: Case studies from product development
Authors: Leal Filho Walter , Sigahi Tiago F. A. C. , Anholon Rosley , Rampasso Izabela Simon , Platje Johannes (Joost) , Velazquez Luis , Salvia Amanda Lange 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAttempts to implement sustainable development in industry are hampered by the fact that production processes are often not environmentally sound. Therefore, there is a need for innovation processes that are sustainable. This means that they need to be durable on the one hand, but also with reduced materials consumption and a low carbon footprint, on the other. Current trends suggest that much could be gained, by undertaking research that may lead to more sustainable industrial production and processes. Against this background, this paper describes the characteristics of sustainable innovation, discusses what makes innovation sustainable, and introduces a set of case studies where different types of innovation in product development are described, drawing the lessons learned. The paper concludes by describing the items, which need to be considered in the future, to make a greater use of sustainable innovation principles in product development, as part of a systemic transformation.
Sustainable Craft Culture: Socio‐Cultural Drivers and Economic Impact on Sustainable Development
Authors: Dhar Bablu Kumar , Chawla Udit , Mulchandani Devika 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThe craft culture of West Bengal, India, is deeply rooted in rich socio‐cultural traditions and plays a crucial role in advancing economic development and sustainability. This study explores the intricate socio‐cultural drivers that shape West Bengal's craft culture and examines their profound impact on sustainable development. The research delves into the historical, religious, and social dynamics that influence both the commercialization and preservation of traditional crafts. The qualitative study was performed using Grounded Theory and laddering technique, which highlighted the significance of cultural preservation, identity, and community engagement while illuminating the close relationship between craftspeople and their trade. The quantitative study highlights that the craft industry is influenced by eight major factors. It was further identified that the factors having the major impact were Perceived Cultural Preservation, Perceived Cultural Identity, Community Engagement, and Education and Awareness, highlighting the crucial role these areas play in maintaining and advancing West Bengal's craft culture. When considered collectively, the studies offer a thorough grasp of the cultural relevance influencing West Bengal's artisan traditions. By bridging the gap between cultural preservation and economic imperatives, this study provides a comprehensive framework for supporting the resilience and vitality of traditional crafts in the contemporary global landscape.
Q‐Learning in Dynamic Treatment Regimes With Misclassified Binary Outcome
Authors: Liu Dan , He Wenqing 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThe study of precision medicine involves dynamic treatment regimes (DTRs), which are sequences of treatment decision rules recommended based on patient‐level information. The primary goal of the DTR study is to identify an optimal DTR, a sequence of treatment decision rules that optimizes the clinical outcome across multiple decision points. Statistical methods have been developed in recent years to estimate an optimal DTR, including Q‐learning, a regression‐based method in the DTR literature. Although there are many studies concerning Q‐learning, little attention has been paid in the presence of noisy data, such as misclassified outcomes. In this article, we investigate the effect of outcome misclassification on identifying optimal DTRs using Q‐learning and propose a correction method to accommodate the misclassification effect on DTR. Simulation studies are conducted to demonstrate the satisfactory performance of the proposed method. We illustrate the proposed method using two examples from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Data I Epidemiologic Follow‐up Study and the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study.
Applications of Graphene Derivatives in All‐Solid‐State Supercapacitors
Authors: Mombeshora Edwin T. , Muchuweni Edigar , Hashemi Hamed 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe recent progression in electronics and humankind's increased dependence on electronic gadgets have significantly impacted energy supply and demand metrics. In the past, batteries have been able to meet these demands adequately. However, their low power density (Ps) has inspired alternative energy storage advancements that can foster a transition to net‐carbon‐zero via renewables. Supercapacitor (SC) innovations, such as the recent emergence of solid‐state supercapacitors (SSCs), have gained tremendous attention owing to their mechanical robustness, safety, possible flexibility, long cycle life, portability, prospective high Ps, and suitability for advanced energy technologies. Complimentary to the affordable and lightweight material design requirements is the enormous potential of the graphene family in SSCs owing to facile synthesis advantages, easy scalability and, processing high electrical conductivity, low costs, and mechanical robustness among others. Therefore, the review highlights the recent efforts to advance SSCs with the graphene family in electrodes and electrolytes. The work discusses SC basic concepts and main characterization techniques, and applications of the graphene family in both electrolytes and electrodes of SSCs. Finally, the merits, demerits and prospects of incorporating graphene derivatives to advance SSC performance and sustainability are outlined. Key research directions, including machine learning, are also recommended from the reviewed studies.
Boosting Photoconductivity by Increasing the Structural Complexity of Multivariate Covalent Organic Frameworks
Authors: Gordo‐Lozano Marta , Martínez‐Fernández Marcos , Paitandi Rajendra Prasad , Martínez José I. , Segura José L. , Seki Shu 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe assessment of the photoconductivity of Donor‐Acceptor (D‐A) ordered bulk heterojunctions is gaining attention for the development of innovative organic semiconductors in optoelectronics. Here, the synthesis of pyrene‐based (D) Covalent Organic Frameworks, achieve through a multivariate reaction involving two distinct acceptors is reported (A). The products are characterized using powder x‐ray diffraction, N2 sorption isotherms, electronic microscopy, and in silico calculations, among other techniques. These characterizations reveal that the multicomponent synthesis enables the modification of properties (e.g., bandgap) of the framework while preserving its structural features, such as crystallinity and porosity. The ordered D‐A arrays position these materials as promising candidates for photoconductive semiconductors, particularly regarding the variation in the composition of isotopological frameworks. Photoconductivity experiments demonstrate a volcano‐type correlation with respect to the A moiety content, with the optimal value reaching 7.9 × 10−5 cm2 V−1 s−1 for the bare NIP25%‐COF. This study illustrates how introducing diverse acceptor units through multivariate synthesis can enhance the photoconductivity of these materials via “defect” engineering, without sacrificing their crystalline or porous characteristics and avoiding the need for de novo synthesis.
Engineering the Local Atomic Environments of Te‐Modulated Fe Single‐Atom Catalysts for High‐Efficiency O2 Reduction
Authors: Li Zongge , Liu Shuhua , Kang Wenjun , Zeng Suyuan , Qu Konggang , Meng Fanpeng , Wang Lei , Li Rui , Yang Yikai , Song Kepeng , Xiong Shenglin , Nan Bing , Li Haibo 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAtomically dispersed metal‐nitrogen‐carbon materials (AD‐MNCs) are considered the most promising non‐precious catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), but it remains a major challenge for simultaneously achieving high intrinsic activity, fast mass transport, and effective utilization of the active sites within a single catalyst. Here, an AD‐MNCs consisting of defect‐rich Fe‐N3 sites dispersed with axially coordinated Te atoms on porous carbon frameworks (Fe1Te1‐900) is designed. The local charge densities and energy band structures of the neighboring Fe and Te atoms in FeN3‐Te are rearranged to facilitate the catalytic conversion of the O‐intermediates. Meanwhile, the negative shift of the d‐band center in FeN3‐Te reduces the energy barrier limit for effective desorption of the final OH* intermediate. In the electrochemical evaluation, Fe1Te1‐900 presents a more positive onset potential and half‐wave potentials of 1.03 and 0.89 V versus the reversible hydrogen electrode, respectively. Furthermore, the liquid zinc‐air batteries assembled with Fe1Te1‐900 exhibited excellent performances compared to commercial Pt/C. This work opens up new ideas for the development of high‐performance ORR electrocatalysts for applications in various energy conversion and storage technologies.
Silver(I)‐Mediated 2D DNA Nanostructures
Authors: Vecchioni Simon , Lo Rainbow , Huang Qiuyan , Wang Kun , Ohayon Yoel P. , Sha Ruojie , Rothschild Lynn J. , Wind Shalom J. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractStructural DNA nanotechnology enables the self‐organization of matter at the nanometer scale, but approaches to expand the inorganic and electrical functionality of these scaffolds remain limited. Developments in nucleic acid metallics have enabled the incorporation of site‐specific metal ions in DNA duplexes and provide a means of functionalizing the double helix with atomistic precision. Here a class of 2D DNA nanostructures that incorporate the cytosine‐Ag+‐cytosine (dC:Ag+:dC) base pair as a chemical trigger for self‐assembly is described. It is demonstrated that Ag+‐functionalized DNA can undergo programmable assembly into large arrays and rings, and can be further coassembled with guanine tetraplexes (G4). It is shown that 2D DNA lattices can be assembled with a variety of embedded nanowires at tunable spacing. These results serve as a foundation for further development of self‐assembled, metalated DNA nanostructures, with potential for high‐precision DNA nanoelectronics with nanometer pitch.