bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MAG induces apoptosis in cerebellar granule neurons through p75NTR demarcating granule layer/white matter boundary
Authors: Fernández-Suárez Diana , Krapacher Favio A. , Andersson Annika , Ibáñez Carlos F. , Kisiswa Lilian 
Published: September 2019

AbstractMAG (Myelin-associated glycoprotein) is a type I transmembrane glycoprotein expressed by Schwann cells and oligodendrocytes, that has been implicated in the control of axonal growth in many neuronal populations including cerebellar granule neurons (CGNs). However, it is unclear whether MAG has other functions in central nervous system, in particular, in cerebellar development and patterning. We find that MAG expression in the cerebellum is compartmentalised resulting in increased MAG protein levels in the cerebellar white matter. MAG induces apoptosis in developing CGNs through p75NTR signalling. Deletion of p75NTR in vivo reduced the number of apoptotic neurons in cerebellar white matter during development leading to reduction in the size of white matter in the adulthood. Furthermore, we show that MAG impairs CGNs neurite outgrowth as consequence of MAG-induced apoptosis in CGNs. Mechanistically, we find that MAG/NgR1-induced cell death is dependent of p75NTR-mediated activation of JNK/cell death signalling pathway. Together, these findings identify the mechanisms by which MAG induces CGNs apoptotic activity, a crucial event that facilitates cerebellar layer refinement during development.
Ubiquitin ligase TRIM71 suppresses ovarian tumorigenesis by degrading mutant p53
Authors: Chen Yajie , Hao Qian , Wang Jieqiong , Li Jiajia , Huang Canhua , Zhang Yu , Wu Xiaohua , Lu Hua , Zhou Xiang 
Published: September 2019

AbstractHotspot p53 mutants augment cancer cell proliferation, metastasis and metabolism through their gain-of-function (GOF). Ovarian cancer sustains the highest frequency of TP53 mutations, but the mechanisms underlying regulation of mutant p53s’ GOF in this type of cancer remain incompletely understood. Herein, we identified the E3-ubiquitin ligase TRIM71 as a novel mutant p53-binding protein. Ectopic TRIM71-induced ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of mutant p53 by binding to its transactivation (TA) domain, and inhibited the expression of a broad spectrum of mutant p53 target genes. Ectopic TRIM71 also restrained, whereas ablation of TRIM71 endorsed, ovarian carcinoma cell growth in vitro and in vivo. Significantly, TRIM71 overexpression is highly associated with favorable prognosis, particularly, in TP53-mutated ovarian carcinomas. Altogether, our findings unveil the anti-tumor function of TRIM71 in ovarian cancer development and prognosis by downregulating mutant p53s.
Targeting Wnt/EZH2/microRNA-708 signaling pathway inhibits neuroendocrine differentiation in prostate cancer
Authors: Shan Jingxuan , Al-Muftah Mariam A. , Al-Kowari Moza K. , Abuaqel Sirin W. J. , Al-Rumaihi Khalid , Al-Bozom Issam , Li Pu , Chouchane Lotfi 
Published: September 2019

AbstractProstate cancer (PC) castration resistance has been linked to the differentiation of PC luminal cells into hormone-refractory neuroendocrine (NE) cells. However, the molecular mechanisms controlling the emergence of lethal NE prostate cancer (NEPC) remain unclear. The present study aimed to investigate the mechanisms underlying the transition from prostate adenocarcinoma to NEPC. The microRNA miR-708 was involved in NE differentiation and was downregulated in NEPC cells and tumor specimens. miR-708 targeted Sestrin-3 to inhibit Forkhead Box O1 (FOXO1) phosphorylation, resulting in apoptosis of prostate adenocarcinoma cells and AKT-inactivated NEPC cells, the latter of which was consistent with the progression of tumor xenografts in mice under miR-708 treatment. In silico analysis of PC and NEPC tumor specimens suggested that the polycomb repressive complex subunit Enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) was particularly overexpressed in NEPC. Notably, EZH2 bound to the miR-708 promoter and induced its silencing in NEPC. Inhibition of EZH2 prevented NE differentiation of PC cells. EZH2 expression was regulated by both Cyclin Dependent Kinase 1 (CDK1) and Wnt signaling. Silencing transcription factor 4 (TCF4), as a key protein in Wnt signaling, prevented NEPC formation. These results provide a molecular basis for the roles of miR-708 and EZH2 in NE differentiation in PC and highlight a new paradigm in NEPC formation and survival.
GP-provided couple-based expanded preconception carrier screening in the Dutch general population: who accepts the test-offer and why?
Authors: Schuurmans Juliette , Birnie Erwin , Ranchor Adelita V. , Abbott Kristin M. , Fenwick Angela , Lucassen Anneke , Berger Marjolein Y. , Verkerk Marian , van Langen Irene M. , Plantinga Mirjam 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Next generation sequencing has enabled fast and relatively inexpensive expanded carrier screening (ECS) that can inform couples’ reproductive decisions before conception and during pregnancy. We previously showed that a couple-based approach to ECS for autosomal recessive (AR) conditions was acceptable and feasible for both health care professionals and the non-pregnant target population in the Netherlands. This paper describes the acceptance of this free test-offer of preconception ECS for 50 severe conditions, the characteristics of test-offer acceptors and decliners, their views on couple-based ECS and reasons for accepting or declining the test-offer. We used a survey that included self-rated health, intention to accept the test-offer, barriers to test-participation and arguments for and against test-participation. Fifteen percent of the expected target population—couples potentially planning a pregnancy—attended pre-test counselling and 90% of these couples proceeded with testing. Test-offer acceptors and decliners differed in their reproductive characteristics (e.g. how soon they wanted to conceive), educational level and stated barriers to test-participation. Sparing a child a life with a severe genetic condition was the most important reason to accept ECS. The most important reason for declining was that the test-result would not affect participants’ reproductive decisions. Our results demonstrate that previously uninformed couples of reproductive age, albeit a selective part, were interested in and chose to have couple-based ECS. Alleviating practical barriers, which prevented some interested couples from participating, is recommended before nationwide implementation.
Broadband transparent optical phase change materials for high-performance nonvolatile photonics
Authors: Zhang Yifei , Chou Jeffrey B. , Li Junying , Li Huashan , Du Qingyang , Yadav Anupama , Zhou Si , Shalaginov Mikhail Y. , Fang Zhuoran , Zhong Huikai , Roberts Christopher , Robinson Paul , Bohlin Bridget , Ríos Carlos , Lin Hongtao , Kang Myungkoo , Gu Tian , Warner Jamie , Liberman Vladimir , Richardson Kathleen , Hu Juejun 
Published: September 2019

AbstractOptical phase change materials (O-PCMs), a unique group of materials featuring exceptional optical property contrast upon a solid-state phase transition, have found widespread adoption in photonic applications such as switches, routers and reconfigurable meta-optics. Current O-PCMs, such as Ge–Sb–Te (GST), exhibit large contrast of both refractive index (Δn) and optical loss (Δk), simultaneously. The coupling of both optical properties fundamentally limits the performance of many applications. Here we introduce a new class of O-PCMs based on Ge–Sb–Se–Te (GSST) which breaks this traditional coupling. The optimized alloy, Ge2Sb2Se4Te1, combines broadband transparency (1–18.5 μm), large optical contrast (Δn = 2.0), and significantly improved glass forming ability, enabling an entirely new range of infrared and thermal photonic devices. We further demonstrate nonvolatile integrated optical switches with record low loss and large contrast ratio and an electrically-addressed spatial light modulator pixel, thereby validating its promise as a material for scalable nonvolatile photonics.
Soft chromophore featured liquid porphyrins and their utilization toward liquid electret applications
Authors: Ghosh Avijit , Yoshida Manabu , Suemori Kouji , Isago Hiroaki , Kobayashi Nagao , Mizutani Yasuhisa , Kurashige Yuki , Kawamura Izuru , Nirei Masami , Yamamuro Osamu , Takaya Tomohisa , Iwata Koichi , Saeki Akinori , Nagura Kazuhiko , Ishihara Shinsuke , Nakanishi Takashi 
Published: September 2019

AbstractOptoelectronically active viscous liquids are ideal for fabricating foldable/stretchable electronics owing to their excellent deformability and predictable π-unit–based optoelectronic functions, which are independent of the device shape and geometry. Here we show, unprecedented ‘liquid electret’ devices that exhibit mechanoelectrical and electroacoustic functions, as well as stretchability, have been prepared using solvent-free liquid porphyrins. The fluidic nature of the free-base alkylated-tetraphenylporphyrins was controlled by attaching flexible and bulky branched alkyl chains at different positions. Furthermore, a subtle porphyrin ring distortion that originated from the bulkiness of alkyl chains was observed. Its consequences on the electronic perturbation of the porphyrin-unit were precisely elucidated by spectroscopic techniques and theoretical modelling. This molecular design allows shielding of the porphyrin unit by insulating alkyl chains, which facilitates its corona-charged state for a long period under ambient conditions.
Identifying residual hotspots and mapping lower respiratory infection morbidity and mortality in African children from 2000 to 2017
Authors: Reiner Robert C. , Welgan Catherine A. , Casey Daniel C. , Troeger Christopher E. , Baumann Mathew M. , Nguyen QuynhAnh P. , Swartz Scott J. , Blacker Brigette F. , Deshpande Aniruddha , Mosser Jonathan F. , Osgood-Zimmerman Aaron E. , Earl Lucas , Marczak Laurie B. , Munro Sandra B. , Miller-Petrie Molly K. , Rodgers Kemp Grant , Frostad Joseph , Wiens Kirsten E. , Lindstedt Paulina A. , Pigott David M. , Dwyer-Lindgren Laura , Ross Jennifer M. , Burstein Roy , Graetz Nicholas , Rao Puja C. , Khalil Ibrahim A. , Davis Weaver Nicole , Ray Sarah E. , Davis Ian , Farag Tamer , Brady Oliver J. , Kraemer Moritz U. G. , Smith David L. , Bhatt Samir , Weiss Daniel J. , Gething Peter W. , Kassebaum Nicholas J. , Mokdad Ali H. , Murray Christopher J. L. , Hay Simon I. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractLower respiratory infections (LRIs) are the leading cause of death in children under the age of 5, despite the existence of vaccines against many of their aetiologies. Furthermore, more than half of these deaths occur in Africa. Geospatial models can provide highly detailed estimates of trends subnationally, at the level where implementation of health policies has the greatest impact. We used Bayesian geostatistical modelling to estimate LRI incidence, prevalence and mortality in children under 5 subnationally in Africa for 2000–2017, using surveys covering 1.46 million children and 9,215,000 cases of LRI. Our model reveals large within-country variation in both health burden and its change over time. While reductions in childhood morbidity and mortality due to LRI were estimated for almost every country, we expose a cluster of residual high risk across seven countries, which averages 5.5 LRI deaths per 1,000 children per year. The preventable nature of the vast majority of LRI deaths mandates focused health system efforts in specific locations with the highest burden.
Updating the global occurrence of Culicoides imicola, a vector for emerging viral diseases
Authors: Leta Samson , Fetene Eyerusalem , Mulatu Tesfaye , Amenu Kebede , Jaleta Megarsa Bedasa , Beyene Tariku Jibat , Negussie Haileleul , Kriticos Darren , Revie Crawford W. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractCulicoides imicola is the main vector transmitting viruses causing animal diseases such as Bluetongue, African Horse Sickness, and Schmallenberg. It has become widely distributed, with reports from South Africa to southern Europe, and from western Africa to southern China. This study presents a global compendium of Culicoides imicola occurrence between 1943 and 2018, reflecting the most recently compiled and harmonized global dataset derived from peer-reviewed literature. The procedures used in producing the data, as well as the geo-coding methods, database management and technical validation procedures are described. The study provides an updated and comprehensive global database of C. imicola occurrence, consisting of 1 039 geo-coded records from 50 countries. The datasets can be used for risk mapping of the diseases transmitted by C. imicola as well as to develop the global habitat suitability for the vector.
Vasos Subclavios: ¿Qué tan cerca se Encuentran de la Clavícula?
Authors: Manosalvas Daniel P. , Calvo Claudio A. , Soza Francisco J. , Azócar Camila P. , Alegria Anselmo I. , Liendo Rodrigo J. 
Published: September 2019

Resumen
Introducción la lesión de los vasos subclavios durante la cirugía de clavícula es una situación rara, de suceder podría resultar incluso mortal; conocer su ubicación es indispensable para minimizar ese riesgo.
Objetivo determinar la ubicación y la distancia de la AS y VS respecto a la clavícula. Secundariamente, identificar las características particulares que influencien la ubicación y la distancia.
Materiales y Método estudio retrospectivo, AngioTAC de tórax y cuello entre 2012 y 2017; se midió la longitud de la clavícula, distancia y dirección de los vasos subclavios en cada tercio de la clavícula, como también la angulación entre una horizontal y el centro de los vasos subclavios.
Resultados 39 AngioTC, 78 hombros. Distancia AS/clavícula tercio proximal, medio y distal 32,8mm (20,3-46,3), 15,4mm (6,8-28,0) y 62,7mm (37,0-115,4) respectivamente. La distancia VS/clavícula tercio proximal, medio y distal fue: 7,4mm (1,0-19,2), 16,2mm (6,7-34,7) y 67,1mm (29,7-117,0) respectivamente. La ubicación de AS y VS con respecto a la clavícula es posterosuperior en el tercio proximal, posteroinferior en el tercio medio e inferior en el tercio distal.
Conclusión En el tercio proximal la vena puede estar solo a 1mm de la clavícula y la arteria a 6mm en dirección antero-posterior, resultando esa zona la más peligrosa. En el tercio medio la distancia es mayor, pudiendo estar arteria y vena a solo 6mm, la dirección de brocado más peligrosa es antero-inferior con una inclinación promedio de 45° caudal. El tercio distal es el más seguro, los vasos están al menos a 30mm de distancia hacia caudal.
Nivel de evidencia III.
Shear Bond Strength of Orthodontic Brackets Cured with Different Light Sources under Thermocycling
Authors: Sokucu Oral , Siso Seyda Herguner , Ozturk Firat , Nalcaci Ruhi 
Published: September 2019

Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare the shear bond strength (SBS) of two different light sources under different thermal cycle frequencies.Methods: Ninety human premolar teeth were divided into six groups, in which three groups consisted of halogen groups – Group I was cured with halogen without thermocycle, Group II cured with halogen with 500 thermocycles, and Group III cured with halogen with 10,000 thermocycles. The other three groups consisted of Plasma arc (PAC) group – Group IV was cured with PAC without thermocycle, Group V cured with PAC thermocycled 500 cycles, and Group VI cured with PAC thermocycled 10,000 cycles. Two way ANOVA was used to compare the SBS between the groups, and chi squaretest was used to compare the bond failure of ARI scores among the groups.Results: A significant difference was found for curing lights (P<.001) and thermocycling (P<.01). However, there was no interaction between light curing and thermocycling (P=.177). The halogen groups demonstrated higher mean SBS than the PAC groups. Both groups showed a significant reduction between no cycles and 10,000 cycles (P<.05).Conclusions: Both light sources showed favorable SBS performance without the thermocycle procedure. Thermocycling significantly decreased the SBS values of both groups. (Eur J Dent 2010;4:257- 262)
Caries Experience among Females aged 16–21 in Punjab, India and its Relationship with Lifestyle and Salivary HSP70 Levels
Authors: Kaur Rabinder , Kataria Hardeep , Kumar Sushil , Kaur Gurcharan 
Published: September 2019

Objectives: The objective of the current study was to assess the prevalence and means of dental caries experience and the prevalence of calculus among college students and their awareness of general dental health. The correlation between the experience of caries and extracellular levels of heat shock protein-70 (eHSP70) was studied in saliva samples of these students to ascertain whether eHSP level changes as a result of increased caries experience of these subjects.Methods: The current study was conducted among 147 female undergraduate students aged 16– 21 in the state of Punjab, India. Dental examinations were performed to assess for the presence of calculus and DMFT, and subjects were asked to fill in a questionnaire. The data were recorded and analysed for the role of various factors in the prevalence of caries, including dietary habits. Saliva samples were collected for ELISA-based assay of eHSP70 levels.Results: The prevalence of caries experience (DMFT>0) was 63.2%, with average DMFT of 2.91 in students aged 16–18 and 3.26 in those aged 19–21. Of those with caries, 68% also showed the presence of calculus, compared with 60.0% of subjects with DMFT=0. The level of eHSP was significantly higher (P<.05) in subjects with higher levels of caries (DMFT=4–8) compared with subjects having DMFT between 0 and 3.Conclusions: A significant relationship was observed between caries experience and oral hygiene habits, emphasizing the need to design and plan preventive strategies for persons at greatest risk. The correlation between mean DMFT and prevalence of eHSP was highly significant. This is the first study to report a correlation between caries experience and the saliva level of stress response protein HSP70. (Eur J Dent 2010;4:308-313)
The Effect of Xylitol on the Composition of the Oral Flora: A Pilot Study
Authors: Söderling Eva , Hirvonen Aino , Karjalainen Sara , Fontana Margherita , Catt Diana , Seppä Liisa 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACTObjectives: Our aim was to investigate the effect of short-term xylitol consumption on the microbial composition of plaque and saliva. Methods: Twelve volunteers (22-38 yrs) harboring mutans streptococci (MS) participated in the randomized, double-blind, cross-over study. The experimental chewing gum contained 65% xylitol while the control gum contained 63% sorbitol and 2% maltitol w/w. The polyol dose was approximately 6 g/day. Stimulated saliva and plaque samples were collected before and after the two four-week test periods. The samples were cultured for MS, total streptococci, lactobacilli, and total facultatives. A part of the samples were subjected to DNA-DNA hybridizations of 14 microbial plaque species: Actinomyces naeslundii, A. viscosus, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Lactobacillus acidophilus, L. fermentum, L. paracasei, L. rhamnose, L. plantarum, Streptococcus gordonii, S. oralis, S. parasanguis, S. salivarius, S. sanguinis, Veillonella parvula. Results: The MS counts of the plaque samples collected from “caries-prone” tooth sites decreased significantly (P<.01) in the xylitol gum group but not in the sorbitol gum group. Also the plaque MS percentage decreased significantly in the xylitol gum group (P<.01). The salivary MS counts did not decrease either in the xylitol or in the sorbitol gum groups. Nor were changes detected in the salivary levels of total streptococci or lactobacilli. The DNA-DNA hybridization assay revealed no study-induced changes in the microbial composition of the dental plaque. Conclusions: Within the limitations of this pilot study, xylitol consumption reduced MS counts in plaque but appeared not to affect the microbial composition of plaque or saliva in general. (Eur J Dent 2011;5:24-31)
Dental Health Evaluation of Children in Kosovo
Authors: Begzati Agim , Meqa Kastriot , Siegenthaler David , Berisha Merita , Mautsch Walter 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACTObjectives: The aim of this study was to assess caries prevalence of preschool and school children in Kosovo. Methods: The assessment, which was carried out between 2002 and 2005, included measurements of early childhood caries, deft and DMFT. Results: In total, 1,237 preschool and 2,556 school children were examined. The mean deft of preschool children was 5.9, and the mean DMFT of school children aged 12 was 5.8. The caries prevalence for 2- to 6-year-old preschool children was 91.2%, and the prevalence for 7- to 14-yearold school children was 94.4%. The prevalence of early childhood caries was 17.6%, with a mean deft of 10.6. Conclusions: All data assessed showed the very poor oral health status of children in Kosovo. Interviews with children and teachers indicated poor knowledge regarding oral health. Significant measures must be taken to improve this situation. (Eur J Dent 2011;5:32-39)
In Situ Investigation of the Remineralizing Effect of Saliva and Fluoride on Enamel Following Prophylaxis Using Sodium Bicarbonate
Authors: Grazziotin Gladis Benjamina , Rios Daniela , Honório Heitor Marques , Silva Salete Moura Bonifácio , Lima José Eduardo Oliveira 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACTObjectives: This in situ study evaluated the effect of saliva, associated or not with fluoride, on enamel previously submitted to prophylaxis using sodium bicarbonate. Methods: The study was conducted on enamel blocks submitted to in vitro prophylaxis using sodium bicarbonate. The blocks were randomly divided into 2 groups (G1/G2) and mounted on intraoral appliances wore by 10 volunteers. G1 blocks were directly exposed to saliva in situ, while blocks in G2 were exposed to saliva with fluoride (rinsing with 0.2% NaF solution during the initial minute). Enamel alterations were evaluated using surface microhardness and profilometry. Enamel hardness data were analyzed by ANOVA and Tukey tests and surface wear was evaluated using paired t test (P<.05). Results: No significant differences were found between G1 and G2 for enamel hardness and wear. The wear after prophylaxis was not different from the wear after the in situ stage. Baseline mean values of enamel hardness, after prophylaxis and after the in situ stage were 340±16.6, 329±35.7 and 354±37.8 for G1 and 338±15.6, 312±46.3 and 340±21.8 for G2, respectively. Conclusions: It was concluded that saliva alone exhibited a similar effect to saliva associated with fluoride; after 4h of in situ remineralization, there was no recovery in height of the enamel structure that had been lost due to the application of sodium bicarbonate. (Eur J Dent 2011;5:40-46)