bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Radiation-Associated Sarcoma of the Neck: Case Series and Systematic Review
Authors: Williams Lawrence , Tmanova Lyubov , Mydlarz Wojciech K. , Page Brandi , Richmon Jeremy D. , Quon Harry , Schmitt Nicole C. 
Published: July 2018

Introduction: Radiation-associated soft tissue sarcomas of the neck (RASN) constitute a rare and aggressive tumor type. Methods: A retrospective chart review at the authors’ institution revealed 3 patients with RASN. A systematic review of the literature was also conducted using MEDLINE, Ovid, the Cochrane Library, and Embase. Results: Patients within the authors’ institutional chart review presented from 6 to 26 years after neck radiation with neck masses. All patients underwent surgical resection with clear margins, and adjuvant radiation was offered when feasible. Patients had no evidence of disease at most recent follow-up. A total of 867 articles were screened for systematic review, revealing 9 articles detailing outcomes of RASN. Studies were small and heterogeneous, precluding pooled data. The importance of complete surgical extirpation was noted. Conclusions: Complete surgical resection appears to be the mainstay of therapy, but there are limited data on management and outcomes of patients with RASN.
Community Participation: Present and Future Patterns
Authors: Fantini Mario D. 
Published: July 2018

Community participation in the public schools has been a commonly accepted tenet in American education. In recent decades, social events have increased the attention given to community participation. Too often community participation has been projected as a generalized notion; however, in this paper the various forms of participation which have surfaced are delineated. These patterns are viewed from a client-centered to consumer-centered continuum. The various forms of participation include public relations, instructional support, community service, crisis resolution, accountability and school governance, and litigation. Such expressions of participation are given past, present, and future status; the degree of controversy engendered by each will be considered as well.
Indian in Education: One Community's Experience
Authors: Peterson Kenneth 
Published: July 2018

American Indians have historically been denied the opportunity to participate in policy-making in schools. Now because of belated recognition of tribe's rights to self-determination and because of an awareness of past failures, Indian people can have a voice in their children's education. The original aim of institutionalized Indian education was to separate Indian children from their tribal past and encourage them to adopt the ways of white people. This was often done by sending children hundreds of miles away from their home and reservations to boarding schools. Termed assimilation, this policy has been judged a failure by educators, congressional committees, and Indians themselves. Today federal assistance programs require involvement by Indian parents and students both in reservation and urban schools. By exploiting these programs, Indian parents can change the type of education provided their children. A case study demonstrating possibilities of participation is the focus of this article. Unfortunately special federal spending programs can and do end. Hence, Indian parents, while participating at the local level, must advocate the development of new permanent law guaranteeing their children the right to a bi-cultural education.
Exploring Australian psychiatrists’ and psychiatric trainees’ knowledge, attitudes and preparedness in responding to adults experiencing domestic violence
Authors: Forsdike Kirsty , O’Connor Manjula , Castle David , Hegarty Kelsey 
Published: July 2018

Objective: Examine knowledge, opinions and practices of psychiatrists and trainees in responding to domestic violence (DV). Method: Online survey including two sub-scales from PREMIS (Physician Readiness to Manage Intimate Partner Violence Survey): knowledge (10 items) and preparedness (10 items). Results: Of psychiatrists completing the survey (216), 47% had received less than 2 hours of training in DV. PREMIS findings showed moderate knowledge of, and preparedness to deal with, DV. Participants with more clinical experience had significantly more knowledge and preparedness to deal with DV. Conclusions: Findings suggest more training in DV for psychiatrists is needed.
Music Intervention as a Tool in Improving Patient Experience in Palliative Care
Authors: Peng Cynthia S. , Baxter Kelly , Lally Kate M. 
Published: July 2018

Background: The pain, anxiety, and stress associated with end-of-life care are paramount issues to address for both patients and their families. Reduction in these factors could translate to improved quality of life. Objective: We studied the effect of adding music to standard care for patients receiving a hospice or palliative care consult at 2 hospitals in the Care New England health-care system. In this mixed quantitative and qualitative study, we implemented live music intervention sessions. Design/Measurements: Outcomes include symptom burden pre- and post-intervention using the Edmonton Symptom Assessment Scale, opioid use in equivalent time periods before and after the music intervention, and qualitative personal narratives of patients’ and families’ experiences with the music. Results: There were significant decreases in pain, anxiety, nausea, shortness of breath, and feelings of depression along with significant increase in feelings of well-being. Opioid use in time periods after the music intervention trended toward decreased usage when compared to the equivalent time period before. Finally, compiled personal narratives of patients’ and families’ experiences of the music intervention demonstrated common themes of spirituality, comfort, relaxation, escape, and reflection. Conclusions: This project demonstrated the beneficial effects of music in a patient population that struggles with symptom management when only pharmacologic management is used. These data elucidate biological and psychosocial factors that are positively impacted by the intervention. With additional evidence in music as well as other artistic modalities, it is promising that arts-based programs in inpatient hospice and palliative care settings will continue to expand and flourish.
Evaluation of potentially inappropriate medication utilization in elderly patients with cancer at outpatient oncology unit
Authors: Paksoy Ceylan , Özkan Öznur , Ustaalioğlu Bala BÖ , Sancar Mesut , Demirtunç Refik , Izzettin Fikret V , Okuyan Betul 
Published: July 2018

Background The aim of the study was to evaluate potentially inappropriate medication use in elderly patients with cancer. Method This study was conducted at outpatient oncology clinic from December 2014 to March 2015 among elderly cancer patients. Screening Tool of Older Person's Prescriptions/Screening Tool to Alert doctors to Right Treatment criteria were used to identify potentially inappropriate medication in elderly patients. Results Among 114 cancer patients 55.26% of them were male and the mean age of them was 71.78 ± 5.50 (years). The most common concurrent diseases were hypertension in 45 (39.47%) and diabetes in 26 (22.81%) patients. Polypharmacy (≥5 medications) was seen in 94.73% of them. Eighteen patients (15.79%) utilized medications inappropriately according to Screening Tool of Older Person's Prescriptions criteria. Medication omissions were identified in 112 patients (98.25%) with Screening Tool to Alert doctors to Right Treatment criteria. Conclusions Clinical pharmacists could improve the current prescribing practices in elderly patients with cancer by assessing potentially inappropriate medications.
Long-term results of thigh arteriovenous dialysis grafts
Authors: Kim Denise , Bhola Cynthia , Eisenberg Naomi , Montbriand Janice , Oreopoulos George , Lok Charmaine E , Roche-Nagle Graham 
Published: July 2018

Introduction: A proportion of hemodialysis patients exhaust all options for arteriovenous access in upper extremities. Arteriovenous thigh grafts are a potential vascular access option in such patients. Methods: We performed a retrospective study of all thigh arteriovenous access grafts placed between 1995 and 2015. The clinical, demographic patient information and patency of each thigh graft was determined from the time of surgical creation placement until abandonment, transfer to other modality, or center or end of study, and the reason for access failure documented. Results: In total, 44 patients received 49 thigh arteriovenous accesses. The average age was 60 years (13–79 years); Half (53%) of the patients (n = 24) were female and 61% of the patients (n = 30) of arteriovenous accesses were left-sided. The cumulative proportion surviving (primary patency rates) at 12, 24, and 28 months were 43% (standard error = 9%), 33% (standard error = 9%), and 13% (standard error = 9%), respectively. The cumulative proportion of surviving grafts at 12, 24, and 48 months were 61% (standard error = 8%), 58% (standard error = 9%), and 31% (standard error = 13%), respectively. In total, 37 revisions were performed in 22 patients to maintain patency or eradicate infection. Infection occurred in 20 patients (39%) of thigh grafts requiring 16 patients (80% of those affected) to be removed; 14 patients had grafts (33.3%) that served as the lone hemodialysis arteriovenous access during the patients’ lifetime on dialysis. Conclusion: Arteriovenous thigh graft access is used infrequently, but they have an acceptable patency. Some accesses require revisions and they have a high infection rate. Despite this, an acceptable proportion of leg grafts provide durable access for the dialysis lifetime of the patient.
Scoping review: Diagnosis and management of periprosthetic joint infection in shoulder arthroplasty
Authors: Egglestone Anthony , Ingoe Helen , Rees Jonathan , Thomas Michael , Jeavons Richard , Rangan Amar 
Published: July 2018

Background The aim of this scoping review is to assess the current evidence regarding periprosthetic shoulder infection to inform development of evidence and consensus-based guidelines. Methods A search of Medline, Embase and PubMed was performed; two authors screened the results independently for inclusion. Results Totally 88 studies were included. Incidence of periprosthetic shoulder infection ranged from 0.7% to 7%. The most common organisms to cause periprosthetic shoulder infection were Propionibacterium acnes, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis and coagulase-negative Staphylococcus. Male gender and younger age are the most reported risk factors. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein and serum/synovial biomarkers had limited diagnostic accuracy. Thirty-nine studies reported the outcome of surgical management of periprosthetic shoulder infection. Eradication rates vary from 54% to 100% for debridement procedures; 66–100% for permanent spacers; 50–100% following single-stage revision; 60–100% following two-stage revision; and 66–100% following resection arthroplasty. Conclusion There is wide heterogeneity in study designs and outcomes of studies are often contradictory and due to issues with methodology and small sample sizes the optimal pathways for diagnosis and management cannot be determined from this review. Future research should be based on larger cohorts and randomised trials where feasible to provide more valid research for guiding future treatment of periprosthetic shoulder infection.
How to Use Blockchain for Diabetes Health Care Data and Access Management: An Operational Concept
Authors: Cichosz Simon Lebech , Stausholm Mads Nibe , Kronborg Thomas , Vestergaard Peter , Hejlesen Ole 
Published: July 2018

Introduction: Patients with diabetes often generate large amounts of data specifically related to the disease and to their general health. Cross-institutional sharing of patient health care data is complex, and as a consequence, data are not always available to the health care provider treating the patient. Accommodating this challenge could lead to better clinical effectiveness and improve clinical research. This work aims to present an approach for a blockchain-based platform for sharing health care data. The approach considers privacy concerns, data sharing, and patients as the center for governing their own data. Methods: The concept of this blockchain-based platform consists of using the NEM multi-signature blockchain contracts for access control of data management and the sharing and encryption of data to allow privacy and control of health care data. The architecture is built around cryptography, tokens, and multi-signature contracts. The multi-signature contract enables several entities to administrate the activity of an account and control the assets of one account. Multi-signature generates a contract that assigns the rights and powers of a certain account to other accounts; this contract can be edited to allow or remove entities. Discussion: Using blockchain could lead to improvements in diabetes data management. In the coming years, this technology should be implemented in existing small-scale diabetes health care system to explore its real-world benefits and challenges. Conclusion: This new approach could potentially lead to more efficient sharing of data between institutions and utilization of new types of data and research possibilities.
Development of a Footwear Sizing System in the National Football League
Authors: Wannop John W. , Stefanyshyn Darren J. , Anderson Robert B. , Coughlin Michael J. , Kent Richard 
Published: July 2018

Context: Footwear performance and injury mitigation may be compromised if the footwear is not properly sized for an athlete. Additionally, poor fit may result in discomfort and foot injury such as fifth metatarsal stress fracture, foot deformities, turf toe, and blisters. Current footwear fitting methods consist of foot length and width measurements, which may not properly describe the shape of the individual foot, correlated with shoe size descriptors that are not standardized. Footwear manufacturers employ a range of sizing rubrics, which introduces shoe size and shape variability between and even within footwear companies. This article describes the synthesis of literature to inform the development and deployment of an objective footwear fitting system in the National Football League (NFL). The process may inform athletic footwear fitting at other levels of play and in other sports. Evidence Acquisition: Literature related to footwear fitting, sizing, and foot scanning from 1980 through 2017 was compiled using electronic databases. Reference lists of articles were examined for additional relevant studies. Sixty-five sources are included in this descriptive review. Study Type: Descriptive review. Level of Evidence: Level 5. Results: Current methods of footwear fitting and variability in the size and shape of athletic footwear complicate proper fitting of footwear to athletes. An objective measurement and recommendation system that can match the 3-dimensional shape of an athlete’s foot to the internal shape of available shoe models can provide important guidance for footwear selection. One such system has been deployed in the NFL. Conclusion: An objective footwear fitting system based on 3-dimensional shape matching of feet and shoes can facilitate the selection of footwear that properly fits an athlete’s foot.
Follow-up Care of Living Kidney Donors in Alberta, Canada
Authors: Lam Ngan N. , Lentine Krista L. , Hemmelgarn Brenda , Klarenbach Scott , Quinn Robert R. , Lloyd Anita , Gourishankar Sita , Garg Amit X. 
Published: July 2018

Background: Previous guidelines recommend that living kidney donors receive lifelong annual follow-up care to assess renal health. Objective: To determine whether these best practice recommendations are currently being followed. Design: Retrospective cohort study using linked health care databases. Setting: Alberta, Canada (2002-2014). Patients: Living kidney donors. Measurements: We determined the proportion of donors who had annual outpatient physician visits and laboratory measurements for serum creatinine and albuminuria. Results: There were 534 living kidney donors with a median follow-up of 7 years (maximum 13 years). The median age at the time of donation was 41 years and 62% were women. Overall, 25% of donors had all 3 markers of care (physician visit, serum creatinine, albuminuria measurement) in each year of follow-up. Adherence to physician visits was higher than serum creatinine or albuminuria measurements (67% vs 31% vs 28% of donors, respectively). Donors with guideline-concordant care were more likely to be older, reside closer to the transplant center, and receive their nephrectomy in more recent years. Limitations: Our results may not be generalizable to other countries that do not have a similar universal health care system. Conclusions: These findings suggest significant evidence-practice gaps, in that the majority of donors saw a physician, but the minority had measurements of kidney function or albuminuria. Future interventions should target improving follow-up care for all donors.
Otitis Media with Effusion and Helicobacter pylori
Authors: Jeyakumar Anita , Bégué Rodolfo E. 
Published: July 2018

Previous studies reported the presence of Helicobacter pylori in middle ear fluid and raised a possible causal role of this bacterium in otitis media with effusion (OME). We investigated 48 children with OME (age, 7 months to 12 years) seen in New Orleans, Louisiana, and found no evidence of H pylori presence in any middle ear fluid specimen by amplification of the 16S rRNA gene. One child had H pylori detected in a stool specimen, in accordance with the low prevalence in our population. While H pylori may be significant in other countries, these findings do not support a role for H pylori in OME in our pediatric population in the United States.
The overlap between bronchiectasis and chronic airway diseases: state of the art and future directions
Authors: Polverino Eva , Dimakou Katerina , Hurst John , Martinez-Garcia Miguel-Angel , Miravitlles Marc , Paggiaro Pierluigi , Shteinberg Michal , Aliberti Stefano , Chalmers James D. 
Published: July 2018

Bronchiectasis is a clinical and radiological diagnosis associated with cough, sputum production and recurrent respiratory infections. The clinical presentation inevitably overlaps with other respiratory disorders such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). In addition, 4–72% of patients with severe COPD are found to have radiological bronchiectasis on computed tomography, with similar frequencies (20–30%) now being reported in cohorts with severe or uncontrolled asthma. Co-diagnosis of bronchiectasis with another airway disease is associated with increased lung inflammation, frequent exacerbations, worse lung function and higher mortality. In addition, many patients with all three disorders have chronic rhinosinusitis and upper airway disease, resulting in a complex “mixed airway” phenotype.The management of asthma, bronchiectasis, COPD and upper airway diseases has traditionally been outlined in separate guidelines for each individual disorder. Recognition that the majority of patients have one or more overlapping pathologies requires that we re-evaluate how we treat airway disease. The concept of treatable traits promotes a holistic, pathophysiology-based approach to treatment rather than a syndromic approach and may be more appropriate for patients with overlapping features.Here, we review the current clinical definition, diagnosis, management and future directions for the overlap between bronchiectasis and other airway diseases.
Heritability and genome-wide association study of diffusing capacity of the lung
Authors: Terzikhan Natalie , Sun Fangui , Verhamme Fien M. , Adams Hieab H.H. , Loth Daan , Bracke Ken R. , Stricker Bruno H.C. , Lahousse Lies , Dupuis Josée , Brusselle Guy G. , O'Connor George T. 
Published: July 2018

Although several genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have investigated the genetics of pulmonary ventilatory function, little is known about the genetic factors that influence gas exchange. The aim of the study was to investigate the heritability of, and genetic variants associated with the diffusing capacity of the lung.GWAS was performed on diffusing capacity of the lung measured by carbon monoxide uptake (DLCO) and per alveolar volume (VA) using the single-breath technique, in 8372 individuals from two population-based cohort studies, the Rotterdam Study and the Framingham Heart Study. Heritability was estimated in related (n=6246) and unrelated (n=3286) individuals.Heritability ofDLCOandDLCO/VAranged between 23% and 28% in unrelated individuals and between 45% and 49% in related individuals. Meta-analysis identified a genetic variant inADGRG6that is significantly associated withDLCO/VA. Gene expression analysis ofADGRG6in human lung tissue revealed a decreased expression in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and subjects with decreasedDLCO/VA.DLCOandDLCO/VAare heritable traits, with a considerable proportion of variance explained by genetics. A functional variant inADGRG6gene region was significantly associated withDLCO/VA. PulmonaryADGRG6expression was decreased in patients with COPD.
Lung function in patients with primary ciliary dyskinesia: an iPCD Cohort study
Authors: Halbeisen Florian S. , Goutaki Myrofora , Spycher Ben D. , Amirav Israel , Behan Laura , Boon Mieke , Hogg Claire , Casaulta Carmen , Crowley Suzanne , Haarman Eric G. , Karadag Bulent , Koerner-Rettberg Cordula , Loebinger Michael R. , Mazurek Henryk , Morgan Lucy , Nielsen Kim G. , Omran Heymut , Santamaria Francesca , Schwerk Nicolaus , Thouvenin Guillaume , Yiallouros Panayiotis , Lucas Jane S. , Latzin Philipp , Kuehni Claudia E. 
Published: July 2018

Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) has been considered a relatively mild disease, especially compared to cystic fibrosis (CF), but studies on lung function in PCD patients have been few and small.This study compared lung function from spirometry of PCD patients to normal reference values and to published data from CF patients. We calculated z-scores and % predicted values for forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC) using the Global Lung Function Initiative 2012 values for 991 patients from the international PCD Cohort. We then assessed associations with age, sex, country, diagnostic certainty, organ laterality, body mass index and age at diagnosis in linear regression models. Lung function in PCD patients was reduced compared to reference values in both sexes and all age groups. Children aged 6–9 years had the smallest impairment (FEV1z-score −0.84 (−1.03 to −0.65), FVC z-score −0.31 (−0.51 to −0.11)). Compared to CF patients, FEV1was similarly reduced in children (age 6–9 years PCD 91% (88–93%); CF 90% (88–91%)), but less impaired in young adults (age 18–21 years PCD 79% (76–82%); CF 66% (65–68%)). The results suggest that PCD affects lung function from early in life, which emphasises the importance of early standardised care for all patients.
Outstanding questions in developmental ERK signaling
Authors: Patel Aleena L. , Shvartsman Stanislav Y. 
Published: July 2018

ABSTRACT
The extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway leads to activation of the effector molecule ERK, which controls downstream responses by phosphorylating a variety of substrates, including transcription factors. Crucial insights into the regulation and function of this pathway came from studying embryos in which specific phenotypes arise from aberrant ERK activation. Despite decades of research, several important questions remain to be addressed for deeper understanding of this highly conserved signaling system and its function. Answering these questions will require quantifying the first steps of pathway activation, elucidating the mechanisms of transcriptional interpretation and measuring the quantitative limits of ERK signaling within which the system must operate to avoid developmental defects.