bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Theory-based Educational Pamphlet With Low-residue Diet Improves Colonoscopy Attendance and Bowel Preparation Quality
Authors: Gausman Valerie , Quarta Giulio , Lee Michelle H. , Chtourmine Natalia , Ganotisi Carmelita , Nanton-Gonzalez Frances , Ng Chui Ling , Jun Jungwon , Perez Leslie , Dominitz Jason A. , Sherman Scott E. , Poles Michael A. , Liang Peter S. 
Published: November 2018

Goals/Background:
Patients who “no-show” for colonoscopy or present with poor bowel preparation waste endoscopic resources and do not receive adequate examinations for colorectal cancer (CRC) screening. Using the Health Belief Model, we modified an existing patient education pamphlet and evaluated its effect on nonattendance rates and bowel preparation quality.

Study:
We implemented a color patient education pamphlet to target individual perceptions about CRC and changed bowel preparation instructions to include a low-residue diet instead of the previous clear liquid diet. We compared the nonattendance rate over a 2-month period before and after the introduction of the pamphlet, allowing for a washout period during which pamphlet use was inconsistent. We compared the Boston Bowel Preparation Scale (BBPS) in 100 consecutive patients who underwent colonoscopy during each of the 2 periods.

Results:
Baseline characteristics between the 2 groups were similar, although patients who received the pamphlet were younger (P=0.03). The nonattendance rate was significantly lower in patients who received the pamphlet (13% vs. 21%, P=0.01). The percentage of patients with adequate bowel preparation increased from 82% to 86% after introduction of the pamphlet, although this was not statistically significant (P=0.44). The proportion of patients with a BBPS score of 9 was significantly higher in the pamphlet group (41% vs. 27%, P=0.03). There was no difference in adenoma and sessile serrated adenoma detection rates before and after pamphlet implementation.

Conclusions:
After implementing a theory-based patient education intervention with a low-residue diet, our absolute rate for colonoscopy nonattendance decreased by 8% and the proportion of patients with a BBPS score of 9 increased by 14%. The Health Belief Model appears to be a useful construct for CRC screening interventions.
Effect of Screening With Primary Cervical HPV Testing vs Cytology Testing on High-grade Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia at 48 Months: The HPV FOCAL Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Ogilvie Gina Suzanne , van Niekerk Dirk , Krajden Mel , Smith Laurie W. , Cook Darrel , Gondara Lovedeep , Ceballos Kathy , Quinlan David , Lee Marette , Martin Ruth Elwood , Gentile Laura , Peacock Stuart , Stuart Gavin C. E. , Franco Eduardo L. , Coldman Andrew J. 
Published: November 2018

(Abstracted from JAMA 2018;320:43–52)
There are only limited data in North American populations on the relative diagnostic effectiveness of cervical cancer screening with primary human papillomavirus (HPV) testing alone compared with cytology.
Early Catheter Removal After Pelvic Floor Reconstructive Surgery: A Randomized Trial
Authors: Carter-Brooks Charelle M. , Zyczynski Halina M. , Moalli Pamela A. , Brodeur Peter G. , Shepherd Jonathan P. 
Published: November 2018

(Abstracted from Int Urogynecol J 2018;29:1203–1212)
Traditionally, postoperative voiding function is evaluated by performing a retrograde or a spontaneous fill voiding trial on postoperative day 1. The impact of a day-of-surgery voiding trial on postoperative urinary retention in women undergoing major pelvic reconstructive surgery has not yet been examined.
Myths and Facts of In-Office Regenerative Procedures for Tendinopathy
Authors: Neph Alyssa , Onishi Kentaro , Wang James H-C. 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Tendinopathy carries a large burden of musculoskeletal disorders seen in both athletes and aging population. Treatment is often challenging, and progression to chronic tendinopathy is common. Physical therapy, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and corticosteroid injections have been the mainstay of treatment but are not optimal given that most tendon disorders seem to involve degenerative changes in addition to inflammation. The field of regenerative medicine has taken the forefront, and various treatments have been developed and explored including prolotherapy, platelet rich plasma, stem cells, and percutaneous ultrasonic tenotomy. However, high-quality research with standardized protocols and consistent controls for proper evaluation of treatment efficacy is currently needed. This will make it possible to provide recommendations on appropriate treatment options for tendinopathy.
A retrospective assessment of temperature trends in northern Europe reveals a deep impact on the life cycle ofIxodes ricinus(Acarina: Ixodidae)
Authors: Estrada-Peña Agustin 
Published: November 2018

1. AbstractThis study modelled the changes in the development processes of the health-threatening tickIxodes acinusin northern Europe as driven by the trends of temperature (1950-2016). I used the ECA&D dataset of temperature interpolated at a resolution of 0.25oas the base data for further calculations, which were based on a previously developed process-driven model of the tick. I used the annual accumulated temperature in the period 1950-2016 to obtain the development rates of the oviposition, incubation, larva-nymph, and nymph-adult molts. Annual values were used to ascertain the trend in development rates of each stage. The ecological division of northern Europe (LANMAP2) was used to summarize results along large regions. The temperature in the years 1950-2016 clearly increased in every area of the target territory. The largest increase was observed for a wide territory eastern to Baltic countries, north-eastern Sweden and northern Finland. The development rates of every tested life cycle process had a trend to being faster throughout the time series. Moderate to high increase of the oviposition rates (70%-100% faster) resulted in central Sweden, Baltic countries, parts of Finland, and adjacent territories of Russia. Faster (70%-90%) incubation and molting rates were consistently observed in the same territories and also in large areas of western Norway. The trend of temperature in the period 1950-2016 shows a consistent inflection point around the year 1990, when the slope of the time series of temperature drastically rose. A comparison between 1950-1990 and 1991-2016 demonstrated that annual accumulated temperature was 86% and 26% higher in the Alpine regions, 7%-8% in the Atlantic and 157%, 10% and 16% in Boreal, Continental, and Nemoral regions, respectively. It is concluded that (i) accumulated annual temperature is clearly increasing in the studied territory, (ii) changes were larger since approximately the year 1990, and (iii) these changes have a deep impact on the life cycle of the tickI. ricinus.Faster development rates could be part of the processes driving the reported spread of the tick in the target area and should be considered as a serious thread to human health.
Centrosome Loss Triggers a Transcriptional Program to Counter Apoptosis-Induced Oxidative Stress
Authors: Poulton John S , McKay Daniel J , Peifer Mark 
Published: November 2018

AbstractCentrosomes play a critical role in mitotic spindle assembly through their role in microtubule nucleation and bipolar spindle assembly. Loss of centrosomes can impair the ability of some cells to properly conduct mitotic division, leading to chromosomal instability, cell stress, and aneuploidy. Multiple aspects of the cellular response to mitotic error associated with centrosome loss appears to involve activation of JNK signaling. To further characterize the transcriptional effects of centrosome loss, we compared gene expression profiles of wildtype and acentrosomal cells from Drosophila wing imaginal discs. We found elevation of expression of JNK target genes, which we verified at the protein level. Consistent with this, the upregulated gene set showed significant enrichment for the AP1 consensus DNA binding sequence. We also found significant elevation in expression of genes regulating redox balance. Based on those findings, we examined oxidative stress after centrosome loss, revealing that acentrosomal wing cells have significant increases in reactive oxygen species (ROS). We then performed a candidate genetic screen and found that one of the genes upregulated in acentrosomal cells, G6PD, plays an important role in buffering acentrosomal cells against increased ROS and helps protect those cells from cell death. Our data and other recent studies have revealed a complex network of signaling pathways, transcriptional programs, and cellular processes that epithelial cells use to respond to stressors like mitotic errors to help limit cell damage and maintain normal tissue development.
Spatial trophic cascades in communities connected by dispersal and foraging
Authors: García-Callejas David , Molowny-Horas Roberto , Araújo Miguel B. , Gravel Dominique 
Published: November 2018

AbstractPairwise interactions between species have indirect consequences that reverberate throughout the whole ecosystem. In particular, interaction effects may propagate in a spatial dimension, to localities connected by organismal movement. Here we study the propagation of interactions with a spatially explicit metacommunity model, where local sites are connected by dispersal, foraging, or by both types of movement. We show that direct and net effects of pairwise interactions may differ in sign when foraging across localities is prevalent. Further, the effect of a species over another in the local community does not necessarily correspond to its effect at the metacommunity scale; this correspondence is again mediated by the type of movement across localities. Networks of net effects are fully connected, indicating that every species in the metacommunity has a non-zero influence on every other species. Lastly, the magnitude of net effects between any two species strongly decays with the distance between them. These theoretical results strengthen the importance of considering indirect effects across species at both the local and regional scale, point to the differences between types of movement across locations, and thus open novel avenues for the study of interaction effects in spatially explicit settings.
Adaptations during maturation in an identified honeybee interneuron responsive to waggle dance vibration signals
Authors: Kumaraswamy Ajayrama , Ai Hiroyuki , Kai Kazuki , Ikeno Hidetoshi , Wachtler Thomas 
Published: November 2018

AbstractHoneybees are social insects, and individual bees take on different social roles as they mature, performing a multitude of tasks that involve multi-modal sensory integration. Several activities vital for foraging, like flight and waggle dance communication, involve sensing air vibrations using antennae. We investigated changes in the identified vibration-sensitive interneuron DL-Int-1 in the honeybeeApis melliferaduring maturation by comparing properties of neurons from newly emerged and forager honeybees. Comparison of morphological reconstructions of the neurons revealed minor changes in gross dendritic features and consistent, region dependent and spatially localized changes in dendritic density. Comparison of electrophysiological properties showed an increase in the firing rate differences between stimulus and non-stimulus periods in foragers compared to newly emerged adult bees. The observed differences in neurons of foragers as compared to newly emerged adult honeybees indicate refined connectivity, improved signal propagation, and enhancement of response features important for the network processing of air vibration signals relevant for the waggle-dance communication of honeybees.
Inner Hair Cell and Neuron Degeneration Contribute to Hearing Loss in a Dfna2-Like Mouse Model
Authors: Carignano Camila , Barila Esteban Pablo , Rías Ezequiel Ignacio , Dionisio Leonardo , Aztiria Eugenio , Spitzmaul Guillermo 
Published: November 2018

HIGHLIGHTSKCNQ4 knock-out mouse shows hair cells and spiral ganglion neuron degeneration.Inner hair cells and spiral ganglion neuron loss begin 30 weeks later than outer hair cells in Kcnq4-/- mice.Inner hair cell loss kinetic is faster than that of outer hair cells in cochlear basal turn in Kcnq4-/-.Outer hair cells from Kcnq4-/- mice degenerate slower in apical than in basal turn.Kcnq4 knock-out allele expressed in C3H/HeJ strain reproduces the two phases of DFNA2 hearing loss.GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Structural insights into substrate recognition by the SOCS2 E3 ubiquitin ligase
Authors: Kung Wei-Wei , Ramachandran Sarath , Makukhin Nikolai , Bruno Elvira , Ciulli Alessio 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe suppressor of cytokine signaling 2 (SOCS2) acts as substrate recognition subunit of a Cullin5 E3 ubiquitin ligase complex. SOCS2 binds to phosphotyrosine-modified epitopes as degrons for ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation, yet the molecular basis of substrate recognition has remained elusive. We solved co-crystal structures of SOCS2-ElonginB-ElonginC in complex with phosphorylated peptides from substrates growth hormone receptor (GHR-pY595) and erythropoietin receptor (EpoR-pY426) at 1.98 Å and 2.69 Å, respectively. Both peptides bind in an extended conformation recapitulating the canonical SH2 domain-pY pose, yet capture different conformations of the EF loop via specific hydrophobic interactions. The flexible BG loop, for the first time fully defined in the electron density, does not contact the substrate degrons directly. Cancer-associated SNPs located around the pY pocket weaken substrate-binding affinity in biophysical assays. Our findings reveal insights into substrate recognition and specificity by SOCS2, and provide a blueprint for small molecule ligand design.
Tobacco exposure associated with oral microbiota oxygen utilization in the New York City Health and Nutrition Examination Study
Authors: Beghini Francesco , Renson Audrey , Zolnik Christine P. , Geistlinger Ludwig , Usyk Mykhaylo , Moody Thomas U. , Thorpe Lorna , Dowd Jennifer B. , Burk Robert , Segata Nicola , Jones Heidi E. , Waldron Levi 
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACTPurposeThe effect of tobacco exposure on the oral microbiome has not been established.MethodsWe performed amplicon sequencing of the 16S ribosomal RNA gene V4 variable region to estimate bacterial community characteristics in 259 oral rinse samples, selected based on self-reported smoking and serum cotinine levels, from the 2013-14 New York City Health and Nutrition Examination Study. We identified differentially abundant operational taxonomic units (OTUs) by primary and secondhand tobacco exposure, and employed “microbe set enrichment analysis” to assess shifts in microbial oxygen utilization.ResultsCigarette smoking was associated with depletion of aerobic OTUs (Enrichment Score test statistic ES = −0.75, p = 0.002) with a minority (29%) of aerobic OTUs enriched in current smokers compared to never smokers. Consistent shifts in the microbiota were observed for current cigarette smokers as for non-smokers with secondhand exposure as measured by serum cotinine levels. Differential abundance findings were similar in crude and adjusted analyses.ConclusionResults support a plausible link between tobacco exposure and shifts in the oral microbiome at the population level through three lines of evidence: 1) a shift in microbiota oxygen utilization associated with primary tobacco smoke exposure, 2) consistency of abundance fold-changes associated with current smoking and shifts along the gradient of secondhand smoke exposure among non-smokers, and 3) consistency after adjusting fora priorihypothesized confounders.HighlightsCigarette smoke was associated with microbial anaerobiosis in oral rinse specimensThe microbiome shifts associated with smoking and secondhand exposure were correlatedShifts in oral bacterial oxygen utilization may mediate smoking and health outcomesWe propose “microbe set enrichment analysis” for interpreting shifts in the microbiome
A systems-level analysis highlights microglial activation as a modifying factor in common forms of human epilepsy
Authors: Altmann Andre , Ryten Mina , Di Nunzio Martina , Ravizza Teresa , Tolomeo Daniele , Reynolds Regina H , Somani Alyma , Bacigaluppi Marco , Iori Valentina , Micotti Edoardo , Botía Juan A. , Absil Julie , Alhusaini Saud , Alvim Marina K. M. , Auvinen Pia , Bargallo Nuria , Bartolini Emanuele , Bender Benjamin , Bergo Felipe P. G. , Bernardes Tauana , Bernasconi Andrea , Bernasconi Neda , Bernhardt Boris C. , Blackmon Karen , Braga Barbara , Caligiuri Maria Eugenia , Calvo Anna , Carlson Chad , Carr Sarah J. , Cavalleri Gianpiero L. , Cendes Fernando , Chen Jian , Chen Shuai , Cherubini Andrea , Concha Luis , David Philippe , Delanty Norman , Depondt Chantal , Devinsky Orrin , Doherty Colin P. , Domin Martin , Focke Niels K. , Foley Sonya , Franca Wendy , Gambardella Antonio , Guerrini Renzo , Hamandi Khalid , Hibar Derrek P. , Isaev Dmitry , Jackson Graeme D. , Jahanshad Neda , Kalviainen Reetta , Keller Simon S. , Kochunov Peter , Kotikalapudi Raviteja , Kowalczyk Magdalena A. , Kuzniecky Ruben , Kwan Patrick , Labate Angelo , Langner Soenke , Lenge Matteo , Liu Min , Martin Pascal , Mascalchi Mario , Meletti Stefano , Morita Marcia E. , O’Brien Terence J. , Pariente Jose C. , Richardson Mark P. , Rodriguez-Cruces Raul , Rummel Christian , Saavalainen Taavi , Semmelroch Mira K. , Severino Mariasavina , Striano Pasquale , Thesen Thomas , Thomas Rhys H. , Tondelli Manuela , Tortora Domenico , Vaudano Anna Elisabetta , Vivash Lucy , von Podewils Felix , Wagner Jan , Weber Bernd , Wiest Roland , Yasuda Clarissa L. , Zhang Guohao , Zhang Junsong ,   ENIGMA-Epilepsy Working Group, Leu Costin , Avbersek Andreja ,   EpiPGX Consortium, Thorn Maria , Whelan Christopher D , Thompson Paul , McDonald Carrie , Vezzani Annamaria , Sisodiya Sanjay M 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe common human epilepsies are associated with distinct patterns of reduced cortical thickness, detectable on neuroimaging, with important clinical consequences. To explore underlying mechanisms, we layered MRI-based cortical structural maps from a large-scale epilepsy neuroimaging study onto highly spatially-resolved human brain gene expression data, identifying >2,500 genes overexpressed in regions of reduced cortical thickness, compared to relatively-protected regions. The resulting set of differentially-expressed genes shows enrichment for microglial markers, and in particular, activated microglial states. Parallel analyses of cell-specific eQTLs show enrichment in human genetic signatures of epilepsy severity, but not epilepsy causation. Post mortem brain tissue from humans with epilepsy shows excess activated microglia. In an experimental model, depletion of activated microglia prevents cortical thinning, but not the development of chronic seizures. These convergent data strongly implicate activated microglia in cortical thinning, representing a new dimension for concern and disease modification in the epilepsies, potentially distinct from seizure control.
Rgs12 enhances osteoclastogenesis by suppressing Nrf2 activity and promoting the formation of reactive oxygen species
Authors: Ng Andrew YH , Li Ziqing , Jones Megan M , Tu Chengjian , Oursler Merry J , Qu Jun , Yang Shuying 
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACTThe Regulator of G-protein Signaling 12 (Rgs12) is important for osteoclast (OC) differentiation, and its deletion in vivo protected mice against pathological bone loss. To characterize its mechanism in osteoclastogenesis, we selectively deleted Rgs12 in OC precursors using the LysM-Cre transgenic line or overexpressed the gene in RAW264.7 cells. Rgs12 deletion led to increased bone mass with decreased OC numbers, whereas its overexpression increased OC number and size. Proteomics analysis of Rgs12-deficient OCs identified an upregulation of antioxidant enzymes under the transcriptional regulation of Nrf2, the master regulator of oxidative stress. We confirmed an increase of Nrf2 activity and impaired production in Rgs12-deficient cells. Conversely, Rgs12 overexpression suppressed Nrf2 through a mechanism dependent on the 26S proteasome, and promoted RANKL-induced phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and NFκB, which was abrogated by antioxidant treatment. We therefore identified a novel role of Rgs12 in regulating Nrf2, thereby controlling cellular redox state and OC differentiation.
PERPETUAL FLOWERING2coordinates the vernalization response and perennial flowering inArabis alpina
Authors: Lazaro Ana , Zhou Yanhao , Giesguth Miriam , Nawaz Kashif , Bergonzi Sara , Pecinka Ales , Coupland George , Albani Maria C. 
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACTThe floral repressorAPETALA2(AP2) in Arabidopsis regulates flowering through the age pathway. TheAP2orthologue in the alpine perennialArabis alpina,PERPETUAL FLOWERING 2(PEP2), was previously reported to regulate flowering through the vernalization pathway by enhancing the expression of another floral repressorPERPETUAL FLOWERING 1(PEP1), the orthologue of ArabidopsisFLOWERING LOCUS C(FLC). However,PEP2also regulates flowering independently ofPEP1. To characterize the function ofPEP2we analyzed the transcriptomes ofpep2andpep1mutants. The majority of differentially expressed genes were detected betweenpep2and the wild type or betweenpep2andpep1, highlighting the importance of thePEP2role that is independent ofPEP1. Here we demonstrate thatPEP2prevents the upregulation of theA. alpinafloral meristem identity genesFRUITFUL(AaFUL),LEAFY(AaLFY) andAPETALA1(AaAP1) which ensure floral commitment during vernalization. Youngpep2seedlings respond to vernalization, suggesting thatPEP2regulates the age-dependent response to vernalization independently ofPEP1. The major role ofPEP2through thePEP1-dependent pathway takes place after vernalization, when it facilitatesPEP1activation both in the main shoot apex and in the axillary branches. These multiple roles ofPEP2in vernalization response contribute to theA. alpinalife-cycle.HIGHLIGHTTheArabis alpina APETALA2orthologue,PERPETUAL FLOWERING2, regulates the age-dependent response to vernalization and it is required to facilitate the activation of theA. alpina FLOWERING LOCUS Cafter vernalization.
Disordered breathing in a mouse model of Dravet syndrome
Authors: Kuo Fu-Shan , LoTurco Joseph L. , Chen Xinnian , Mulkey Daniel K. 
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACTDravet syndrome (DS) is a form of epilepsy with a high incidence of sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP). Respiratory failure is a leading cause of SUDEP, and DS patients’ frequently exhibit disordered breathing. Despite this, mechanisms underlying respiratory dysfunction in DS are entirely unknown. We found that mice expressing a recurrent SCN1a missense mutation (A1783V) conditionally in inhibitory neurons (SCN1aA1783V/+; mixed C57B/6 background) exhibit spontaneous seizures, die prematurely and present a respiratory phenotype similar to DS patients including hypoventilation, apnea and a diminished ventilatory response to CO2. At the cellular level in the retrotrapezoid nucleus (RTN), we found inhibitory neurons expressing the SCN1a A1783V variant are less excitable, whereas chemosensitive RTN neurons, which are a key source of the CO2/H+-dependent drive to breathe, are hyper-excitable in slices from SCN1aA1783V/+ mice. These results show loss of SCN1a function can disrupt brainstem respiratory control including at the level of the RTN.