bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cell type identity determines transcriptomic immune responses inArabidopsis thalianaroots
Authors: Rich Charlotte , Reitz Marco U. , Eichmann Ruth , Hermann Sophie , Jenkins Dafyd J. , Kogel Karl-Heinz , Esteban Eddi , Ott Sascha , Schäfer Patrick 
Published: April 2018

AbstractRoot pathogens are a major threat in global crop production and protection strategies are required to sustainably enhance the efficiency of root immunity. Our understanding of root immunity is still limited relative to our knowledge of immune responses in leaves. In an effort to reveal the organisation of immunity in roots, we undertook a cell type-specific transcriptome analysis to identify gene networks activated in epidermis, cortex and pericycle cells ofArabidopsisroots upon treatment with two immunity elicitors, the bacterial microbe-associated molecular pattern flagellin, and the endogenous damage-associated molecular pattern Pep1. Our analyses revealed that both elicitors induced immunity gene networks in a cell type-specific manner. Interestingly, both elicitors did not alter cell identity-determining gene networks. Using sophisticated paired motif promoter analyses, we identified key transcription factor pairs involved in the regulation of cell type-specific immunity networks. In addition, our data show that cell identity networks integrate with cell immunity networks to activate cell type-specific immune response according to the functional capabilities of each cell type.Material Distribution FootnoteThe author responsible for distribution of materials integral to the findings presented in this article in accordance with the policy described in the Instructions for Authors (www.plantcell.org) is: Patrick Schäfer (p.schafer@warwick.ac.uk).
Near-atomic cryo-EM structure of yeast kinesin-5-microtubule complex reveals a distinct binding footprint
Authors: von Loeffelholz Ottilie , Peña Alejandro , Drummond Douglas Robert , Cross Robert , Moores Carolyn Ann 
Published: April 2018

SummaryKinesin-5s are essential members of the superfamily of microtubule-dependent motors that undertake conserved roles in cell division. We investigated coevolution of the motor-microtubule interface using cryo-electron microscopy to determine the near-atomic structure of the motor domain of Cut7, the fission yeast kinesin-5, bound to fission yeast microtubules. AMPPNP-bound Cut7 adopts a kinesin-conserved ATP-like conformation, with a closed nucleotide binding pocket and docked neck linker that supports cover neck bundle formation. Compared to mammalian tubulin microtubules, Cut7’s footprint onS. pombemicrotubule surface is subtly different because of their different architecture. However, the core motor-microtubule interaction that stimulates motor ATPase is tightly conserved, reflected in similar Cut7 ATPase activities on each microtubule type. TheS. pombemicrotubules were bound by the drug epothilone, which is visible in the taxane binding pocket. Stabilization ofS. pombemicrotubules is mediated by drug binding at this conserved site despite their noncanonical architecture and mechanochemistry.HighlightsS. pombeCut7 has a distinct binding footprint onS. pombemicrotubulesThe core interface driving microtubule activation of motor ATPase is conservedThe neck linker is docked in AMPPNP-bound Cut7 and the cover neck bundle is formedEpothilone binds at the taxane binding site to stabilizeS. pombemicrotubuleseTOC textTo investigate coevolution of the motor-microtubule interface, we used cryo-electron microscopy to determine the near-atomic structure of the motor domain of Cut7, the fission yeast kinesin-5, bound to microtubules polymerized from natively purified fission yeast tubulin and stabilised by the drug epothilone.
Role of media and independent directors in corporate transparency and disclosure: evidence from an emerging economy
Authors: Zaman Rashid , Bahadar Stephen , Kayani Umar Nawaz , Arslan Muhammad 
Published: April 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of corporate governance, with particular reference to the role of independent directors on boards and audit committees, and media coverage on corporate transparency and disclosure. In addition, the paper also investigates the role of the media on independent directors’ behaviours towards corporate transparency and disclosure.Design/methodology/approachThe paper uses the well-developed two-step system generalised method of moments approach on a sample of 99 Pakistan stock exchange (PSX) listed financial firms over the period 2007-2012.FindingsThe empirical analysis shows that media and independent directors on audit committees play a significant positive role in line with agenda setting and agency theories in promoting corporate transparency and disclosure. On the contrary, the boards’ independent directors are risk-averse and hold the information to protect their reputation. Nevertheless, the study does not find any significant influence of media coverage on independent directors’ behaviours in promoting corporate transparency and disclosure.Practical implicationsThe findings provide some useful insight into cost benefits analysis of media coverage towards an understanding of independent directors’ behaviours for promoting transparency and disclosure in financial sector. Moreover, the study findings can be useful for both shareholders and stakeholders in taking decisions about firm activities.Originality/valueTo the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study that proposed and tested a multi-level framework for corporate transparency and disclosure practices. In addition, this study is also among the very few studies that use financial sectors as a sample, in particular, and media coverage, specifically, thus adding some value to the limited literature.
Extended finite element method for analysis of the acoustic emission response by a crack under moving heat source
Authors: He Kuanfang , Lu Wei , Liu Xiangnan , Xiao Siwen , Li Xuejun 
Published: April 2018

Purpose
This paper aims to study acoustic emission (AE) propagation characteristics by a crack under a moving heat source, which mainly provides theoretical basis and method for the actual crack detection during welding process.

Design/methodology/approach
The paper studied the AE characteristics in welding using thermoelastic theory, which investigates the dynamical displacement field caused by a crack and the welding heating effect. In the calculation model, the crack initiation and extension are represented by moment tensor as the AE source, and the welding heat source is the Gauss heat flux distribution. The extended finite element method (XFEM) is implemented to calculate and solve the AE response of a thermoelastic plate with a crack during the welding heating effect. The wavelet transform is applied to the time–frequency analysis of the AE signals.

Findings
The paper provides insights about the changing rule of the acoustic radiation patterns influenced by the heating effect of the moving heat source and the AE signal characteristics in thermoelastic plate by different crack lengths and depths. It reveals that the time–frequency characteristics of the AE signals from the simulation are in good agreement with the theoretical ones. The energy ratio of the antisymmetric mode A0 to symmetric mode S0 is a valuable quantitative inductor to estimate the crack depth with a certain regularity.

Research limitations/implications
This paper mainly discusses the application of XFEM to calculate and analyze thermoelastic problems, and has presented few cases based on a specified configuration. Further work will focus on the calculation and analysis under different plate configurations and conditions, which is to obtain more interesting and general conclusions for guiding practice.

Originality/value
The paper is a successful application of XFEM to solve the problem of AE response of a crack in the dynamic welding inhomogeneous heating effect. The paper provides an effective way to obtain the AE signal characteristics in monitoring the welding crack.
Stable finite element analysis of viscous dusty plasma
Authors: Areias Pedro , Sikta Jebun Naher , Pereira dos Santos Manuel 
Published: April 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to provide an analysis of dust acoustic (solitary) waves including viscosity. Specifically, the authors consider a dusty unmagnetized plasma system consisting of negatively charged dust and Boltzmann electrons and ions.

Design/methodology/approach
In this paper, a Petrov–Galerkin weak form with upwinding is adopted. Nonlinearity of ion and electron number density in terms of an electrostatic potential is included. A fully implicit time integration is used (backward Euler method), which requires the first derivative of the weak form. A three-field formulation is proposed, with the dust number density, the electrostatic potential and the dust velocity being the unknown fields.

Findings
In this study, two numerical examples are introduced and results show great promise for the proposed formulation as a predictive tool in viscous dusty plasmas. Presence of solitary waves was demonstrated. Dusty plasma vortices are predicted in 2D and 3D, as mentioned in the specialized literature.

Research limitations/implications
We observed some dependence on step size, which is due to the simple time-stepping scheme. This can be solved with a higher order integration scheme, which implies an added cost to the solution.

Practical implications
Dusty plasmas are found in astrophysics (Saturn rings) and electronics industry at several scales and have high impact as a contaminant.

Originality/value
To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first paper with a simulation of dusty plasma including vortices.
The influence of particle shape on screening: case studies regarding DEM simulations
Authors: Wang Xiaoyue , Li Zhanfu , Tong Xin , Ge Xiaole 
Published: April 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to explore how particle shape influences the screening, including screening efficiency per unit time, and the relationship between vibration parameters and screening efficiency per unit time in discrete element method (DEM) numerical simulations.

Design/methodology/approach
In this paper, a three-dimensional discrete element model of vibrating screen with composite vibration form of swing and translation was proposed to simulate the screening process. In total, 11 kinds of non-spherical particles whose shapes changed in a continuous regularity gradual process were established using a multi-sphere method. In the DEM simulations, vibration parameters, including vibration frequency, vibration amplitude and stroke angle, and swing parameters, including swing frequency and swing angle, were changed to perform parametric studies.

Findings
It shows that the effect of particle shape on screening efficiency is quantitative actually. However, the trends of different shape particles’ screening efficiency per unit time are mainly consistent.

Originality/value
Some simple particle shapes can be expected to be explored to do screening simulation studies reasonably with modification of the simulation data in DEM numerical simulations. That may improve the computational efficiency of numerical simulations and provide guidance to the study of the screening process.
A numerical study of the return mapping application for the subloading surface model
Authors: Fincato Riccardo , Tsutsumi Seiichiro 
Published: April 2018

Purpose
Many practical problems in engineering require fast, accurate numerical results. In particular, in cyclic plasticity or fatigue simulations, the high number of loading cycles increases the computation effort and time. The purpose of this study is to show that the return mapping technique in the framework of unconventional plasticity theories is a good compromise between efficiency and accuracy in finite element analyses.

Design/methodology/approach
The accuracy of the closest point projection method and the cutting plane method implementations for the subloading surface model are discussed under different loading conditions by analyzing the error as a function of the input step size and the efficiency of the algorithms.

Findings
Monotonic tests show that the two different implicit integration schemes have the same accuracy and are in good agreement with the solution obtained using an explicit forward Euler scheme, even for large input steps. However, the closest point projection method seems to describe better the evolution of the similarity centre in the cyclic loading analyses.

Practical implications
The purpose of this work is to show two alternative implicit integration schemes of the extended subloading surface method for metallic materials. The backward Euler integrations can guarantee a good description of the material behaviour and, at the same time, reduce the computational cost. This aspect is particularly important in the field of low or high cycle fatigue, because of the large number of cycles involved.

Originality/value
A detailed description of both the cutting plane and closest point projection methods is offered in this work. In particular, the two integrations schemes are compared in terms of accuracy and computation time for monotonic and cyclic loading tests.
Job crafting intervention: fostering individual job redesign for sustainable organisation
Authors: Rai Alka 
Published: April 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is threefold: first, to present an overview of job crating conceptualizations; second, to illustrate various job crafting interventions proposed by scholars to intrude and encourage job crafting behaviour among workforce; and next, based on findings from the literature, to underline the significance of job crafting interventions in predicting various positive individual and organisational outcomes. The reasons why job crafting interventions are essential in organisations are discussed at the end as managerial implication.

Design/methodology/approach
A general review of the job crafting literature has been performed to offer the precise knowledge on the concept job crafting as well as job crafting interventions along with its significance and managerial implications.

Findings
The job crafting is the most discussed bottom-up redesign approach and gaining popularity in the job design literature. The researchers and practitioners are acknowledging the importance of job crafting interventions and understanding the urgency of incorporating such interventions at organisation.

Practical implications
The formal job crafting intervention instituted at organisation (e.g. inclusion of job crafting training in company’s manuals) could be instrumental to build up the job crafting behaviour among workforce and may overall develop the context that cultivates job crafting.

Originality/value
A summarised portrayal job crafting as well as job crafting interventions has been provided in this review in order to create awareness of leaders and employees regarding the method through which they can adjust tasks to their own requirements to realise more delight, engagement, and meaning in the job.
Measuring the productivity evolution of Chinese regional thermal power industries using global Malmquist-Luenberger productivity index
Authors: Song Yao-yao , Liu Hui-hui , Liu Xiao-xiao , Yang Guo-liang 
Published: April 2018

Purpose
This paper aims to measure Chinese regional thermal industries’ evolution.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper uses data envelopment analysis (DEA) and global Malmquist–Luenberger productivity (GMLP) index.

Findings
The results reveal that the development of Chinese thermal power industry varies significantly in different regions, and it is highly correlated with the level of local economic development. Although the change of technical efficiency and scale efficiency had different impacts on different regions from year to year, the overall GMLP index change shows a close relationship with the contemporaneous frontier shift.

Practical implications
The results indicate that the Chinese Government should make efforts to promote its policy implementations and regulations in thermal industries so that the contemporaneous frontier will shift toward the global technology frontier with more desirable outputs and less undesirable outputs.

Originality/value
As an application, this study uses DEA and GMLP index to measure the productivity of Chinese thermal industries in 30 Chinese provinces from 2006 to 2013. The results have the meaningful policy implications for decision makers in charge of Chinese thermal industries.
Linking trust and collaboration in project teams to project management success
Authors: Bond-Barnard Taryn Jane , Fletcher Lizelle , Steyn Herman 
Published: April 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to emphasise the importance of high levels of trust and collaboration for increasing the likelihood of project management (PM) success. However, the link between these three constructs remains unclear.

Design/methodology/approach
In this study, the authors use structural equation modelling (SEM) based on the findings from an international survey of 151 project practitioners to demonstrate the significance of project team trust and collaboration for increasing the likelihood of PM success.

Findings
The results indicate that PM success becomes more likely as the degree of collaboration improves which, in turn, is influenced by an increase in the level of trust between team members. The two factors of PM success are project performance and knowledge integration and innovation. The six factors of the degree of collaboration that were studied are physical proximity, commitment, conflict, coordination, relationships and incentives. The three factors of the level of trust investigated are expectations, knowledge exchange and imported trust.

Practical implications
The results of the study are expected to provide insight for project practitioners to increase the likelihood of PM success by taking cognisance of the factors that influence collaboration and trust. The results of the study may also provide insight into teaching and learning in tertiary education, in terms of professionalism and integrity issues.

Originality/value
This paper presents a new perspective for investigating PM success. SEM techniques are used to determine the likelihood of PM success by promoting trust and collaboration in the project team. This unique approach highlights the “human factors” that influence perceived PM success which should benefit both researchers and practitioners.
The role of OM EDEN in building the EurOMA community
Authors: Coughlan Paul , Hargaden Vincent , Coghlan David , Idris Aida , Åhlström Pär 
Published: April 2018

Purpose
Doctoral education (DE) is central to the development and application of operations management (OM) thinking. The European Doctoral Educational Network (EDEN) seminar on research methodology in OM is a structured initiative developed in 1999 by European Operations Management Association (EurOMA) and European Institute for Advanced Studies in Management (EIASM). This intensive five-day seminar has run annually since and, to date, has engaged 486 students. The purpose of this paper is to ask: what role has the OM EDEN seminar played in the formation and academic career development of doctoral researchers, and how has it contributed to the development of EurOMA as a community of practice?

Design/methodology/approach
The authors developed a retrospective case on the design, launch and growth of the OM EDEN seminar employing two data gathering methods (collecting secondary and archival data, and a survey of four selected seminar participants) and a social network analysis.

Findings
The EDEN seminar is an effective educational intervention in developing doctoral researchers and their subsequent academic careers. The seminar has also contributed to EurOMA as a community of practice, bringing faculty together to teach, write and publish leading edge contributions in research methods for OM.

Research limitations/implications
The case is focused on the OM EDEN seminar only, within which the survey is limited to four of the early participants. While another set of participants might respond differently in detail, the authors’ expectation is that participant perception of the role of the seminar would not change. The paper provides an exemplar for European academic associations to guide how they might explore the formation and academic career development of doctoral candidates within a community of practice.

Practical implications
The seminar merits the ongoing support of EurOMA and EIASM, not just in educating doctoral students but also in bringing faculty together to publish leading edge contributions to the OM domain.

Social implications
The paper draws on the areas of student formation, academic career development and communities of practice to illustrate the role played by the OM EDEN seminar.

Originality/value
This paper is the first description, analysis and reflection on the role played by the OM EDEN seminar.
Systematic review: entrepreneurship in conflict and post conflict
Authors: Aldairany Shaza , Omar Rosmini , Quoquab Farzana 
Published: April 2018

PurposeConflict environments are under researchers’ scope in many disciplines at micro and macro levels. This paper aims to steer towards finding out how literature addresses entrepreneurship in conflict contexts. In addition, this paper tries to ascertain the theoretical bases and main themes and issues that have been studied in this area, to map the current knowledge in a clear frame as an attempt to highlight gaps and weaknesses in relevant literature.Design/methodology/approachReview entrepreneurship, conflict and post-conflict literature including the terminologies, theories, methodologies are the main themes. The primary sources of data are research articles that were published in scholarly journals and written in English. The paper includes, in the final list of reviewed articles, 57 articles.FindingsThe review reveals three main themes of the special definition of entrepreneurship in conflict areas. Many gaps remain, despite the growing interests. More involvement in collecting data directly from the area under conflict is required instead of the heavy dependency on secondary data. In addition, destructive business and conflict consequences have promising research issues to be discovered more in single places or collectively for broader comprehensiveness. These findings may assist researchers, policymakers and international bodies to approach the current literature and build farther on it.Originality/valueThis paper attempts to provide a mapping of literature that focuses on how entrepreneurship in conflict and post-conflict could differ or be similar to stable contexts. The findings advance motivation for future empirical studies to encompass issues and development of entrepreneurship orientation, taxonomies and impacts in conflict and post-conflict contexts.