bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Treatment of Mental Disturbances in Elderly Women
Authors: Herkimer Jessie K. , Meerloo Joost A. M. 
Published: May 2018

Paranoid conditions and depressive states are often found among elderly people who have lost their love objects, and who are accordingly forced to live alone. Mental hospitalization of senile or depressed women patients can frequently be avoided through treatment by a psychiatrist and intensive guidance by a social worker. In the four cases presented, hospitalization was not needed. We believe hospitalization would have been found necessary if social and psychiatric treatment had not been given on an outpatient basis. Hospitalization is more likely to be needed by mentally disturbed elderly men. Men, unlike women, are not used to not working and to staying home alone, so these deprivations are more traumatic. They have a more limited adjustment capacity. It was believed formerly that mental disturbances in the elderly are likely to be serious and long-term ones. Now we know that many of these mental illnesses are transitory and can be treated with favorable results. We have found, as have other investigators, that outpatient psychiatric treatment in combination with guidance by caseworkers can restore an elderly woman's interest in living, by convincing her, through the transference relationships, that people do care for her. The patient interprets the time given her by the staff as indication of affection. Some of these patients, when given kindly, understanding professional guidance, stop withdrawing, and socialize more with others in their personal environments. The onset of involution differs widely among people. The ages of the four elderly women patients who were either depressed or had early stages of senile psychosis were 74 (recurrent depression), 68, 53, and 70 (senile psychosis). We think that more clinics and social agencies should make this combination of social and psychiatric treatment available to elderly people. This would not only avert the additional suffering that mental hospitalization entails for many patients but also would result in a considerable financial saving for the community.
Bibliometric Analysis of Palliative Care-Related Publication Trends During 2001 to 2016
Authors: Liu Chia-Jen , Yeh Te-Chun , Hsu Su-Hsuan , Chu Chao-Mei , Liu Chih-Kuang , Chen Mingchih , Huang Sheng-Jean 
Published: May 2018

Background: The scientific contributions (publications) and international influence (citations) from authors providing the palliative care (PC)-related literature has a limited number of bibliometric reports. We aimed to analyze PC-related literature using the Institute for Scientific Information Web of Science (WoS) database. Methods: WoS database was used to retrieve publications with the following key words with title: “palliative care” OR “End of Life care” OR “terminal care.”. The statistical analysis of the documents published during 2001 to 2016 was performed. The quantity and quality of research were assessed by the number of total publications and citation analysis. In addition, we also analyzed whether there were possible correlations between publication and socioeconomic factors. Results: The total research output was 6273 articles for PC. There was a 3-fold increase in the number of publications during the period and strong correlation between the year and number of PC-related publications ( R2 = .96). The United States took a leading position in PC research (2448, 39.0%). The highest average citations was reported for the Norway (21.8). Australia had gained the highest productive ability in PC research (24.9 of articles per million populations). The annual impact factor rose progressively with time and increased 1.13 to 2.24 from 2003 to 2016. The number of publications correlated with gross domestic product ( r = .74; P < .001). Conclusion: The United States and United Kingdom contributed most of the publications, but some East Asian countries also had a great performance. According to the socioeconomic factors, the publication capacity of top 20 countries is correlated with their economic scale.
Immunohistochemical characterisation of the hepatic stem cell niche in feline hepatic lipidosis: a preliminary morphological study
Authors: Valtolina Chiara , Robben Joris H , Favier Robert P , Rothuizen Jan , Grinwis Guy CM , Schotanus Baukje A , Penning Louis C 
Published: May 2018

Objectives The aim of this study was to describe the cellular and stromal components of the hepatic progenitor cell niche in feline hepatic lipidosis (FHL). Methods Immunohistochemical staining for the progenitor/bile duct marker (K19), activated Kupffer cells (MAC387), myofibroblasts (alpha-smooth muscle actin [α-SMA]) and the extracellular matrix component laminin were used on seven liver biopsies of cats with FHL and three healthy cats. Double immunofluorescence stainings were performed to investigate co-localisation of different cell types in the hepatic progenitor cell (HPC) niche. Results HPCs, Kupffer cells, myofibroblasts and laminin deposition were observed in the liver samples of FHL, although with variability in the expression and positivity of the different immunostainings between different samples. When compared with the unaffected cats where K19 positivity and minimal α-SMA and laminin positivity were seen mainly in the portal area, in the majority of FHL samples K19 and α-SMA-positive cells and laminin positivity were seen also in the periportal and parenchymatous area. MAC387-positive cells were present throughout the parenchyma. Conclusions and relevance This is a preliminary morphological study to describe the activation and co-localisation of components of the HPC niche in FHL. Although the HPC niche in FHL resembles that described in hepatopathies in dogs and in feline lymphocytic cholangitis, the expression of K19, α-SMA, MAC387 and lamin is more variable in FHL, and a common pattern of activation could not be established. Nevertheless, when HPCs were activated, a spatial association between HPCs and their niche could be demonstrated.
Curved periacetabular osteotomy via a novel intermuscular approach between the sartorius and iliac muscles
Authors: Nishiwaki Toru , Oya Akihito , Fukuda Shinsuke , Nakamura Satoshi , Nakamura Masaya , Matsumoto Morio , Kanaji Arihiko 
Published: May 2018

Introduction: Herein, we describe and evaluate a curved periacetabular osteotomy (CPO) via an intermuscular approach (IM-CPO) between the sartorius and iliac muscles. Methods: Between January 2009 and January 2016, IM-CPO was performed in 17 joints (16 patients), and a traditional CPO was performed in 17 joints. The length of incision at wound closure, operative time, intraoperative blood loss, serum creatinine kinase (CK) level the day after surgery, correctional angle, walking ability assessed using the gait items of the Harris Hip Score (at 3 and 6 months after surgery), and perioperative complications were evaluated. Group differences were assessed using t-tests. Results: The IM-CPO and CPO groups did not differ in the mean operative time (130 minutes and 124 minutes, respectively), mean serum CK the day after surgery (349 IU/L and 425 IU/L, respectively), or mean correctional angle (24.9° and 24.6°, respectively). The mean incision length was significantly shorter in the IM-CPO group (8.3 cm) compared to that in the CPO group (9.5 cm). The mean walking ability was significantly higher in the IM-CPO group (24.2 points) compared to that in the CPO group (20.9 points) at 3 months after surgery, but not at 6 months after surgery (26.4 points and 24.9 points, respectively). No serious complications were observed in either group. Conclusion: In addition to demonstrating a similarly satisfactory correctional angle, IM-CPO is anticipated to enable early weight-bearing and recovery of walking ability. Thus, IM-CPO is considered a superior surgical technique.
Mid-term migration analysis of a femoral short-stem prosthesis: a five-year EBRA-FCA-study
Authors: Freitag Tobias , Fuchs Michael , Woelfle-Roos Julia V , Reichel Heiko , Bieger Ralf 
Published: May 2018

Introduction: The objective of this study was to evaluate the mid-term migration pattern of a femoral short stem. Methods: Implant migration of 73 femoral short-stems was assessed by Ein-Bild-Roentgen-Analysis Femoral-Component-Analysis (EBRA-FCA) 5 years after surgery. Migration pattern of the whole group was analysed and compared to the migration pattern of implants “at risk” with a subsidence of more than 1.5 mm 2 years postoperative. Results: Mean axial subsidence was 1.1 mm (–5.0 mm to 1.5 mm) after 60 months. There was a statistical significant axial migration until 2 years postoperative with settling thereafter. 2 years after surgery 18 of 73 Implants were classified “at risk.” Nevertheless, all stems showed secondary stabilisation in the following period with no implant failure neither in the group of implants with early stabilisation nor the group with extensive early onset migration. Conclusion: In summary, even in the group of stems with more pronounced early subsidence, delayed settling occurred in all cases. The determination of a threshold of critical early femoral short stem subsidence is necessary because of the differing migration pattern described in this study with delayed settling of the Fitmore stem 2 years postoperatively compared to early settling within the first postoperative year described for conventional stems.
Sixfold Post-Fracture Mortality in 16- To 30-Year-Old Patients—Suicides, Homicides, and Intoxications Among Leading Causes of Death
Authors: Somersalo A. , Paloneva J. , Lönnroos E. , Heinänen M. , Koponen H. , Kiviranta I. 
Published: May 2018

Background and Aims: The death of any young individual is associated with the loss of many potentially fulfilling years of life. It has been suggested that the relative mortality of fracture patients may be higher in younger age groups than in older cohorts. We determined the mortality and causes of death in a cohort of 16- to 30-year-old patients that had been hospitalized for fractures. Material and Methods: We collected data using criteria based on the diagnosis code (International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, 10th Revision), surgical procedure code (Nordic Medico-Statistical Committee), and seven additional characteristics of patients admitted to the trauma ward at the Central Finland Hospital between 2002 and 2008. Patients were then followed to ascertain their mortality status until the end of 2012. Standardized mortality ratios were calculated and causes of death were determined by combining our registry data with data provided by Statistics Finland. Results: During the study, 199 women and 525 men aged 16–30 years had sustained fractures. None of these patients died during the primary hospital stay. At the end of follow-up (mean duration 7.4 years), 6 women and 23 men had died. The standardized mortality ratio for all patients was 6.2 (95% Confidence Interval: 4.3–8.9). Suicides and intoxications comprised over half, and motor vehicle accidents and homicides comprised nearly a third of the post-fracture deaths. Conclusion: We found a concerning increase in mortality among young adults that had been hospitalized due to a fracture compared to the general population that had been standardized by age, sex, and calendar-period. Leading causes of death were suicides and intoxications or motor vehicle accidents and homicides, which may be indicative of depressive disorders or impulse control disorders, respectively. Identification of the underlying psychosocial problems may provide an opportunity for preventive interventions.
Cervical spine taper ratios: Normal tolerance limits
Authors: Thompson Adrienne , Zea Ryan , Haughton Victor 
Published: May 2018

Background Spinal canal tapering, which can be measured as taper ratios, affects cerebrospinal fluid flow dynamics. We calculated the tolerance interval for normal cervical spine taper ratios to facilitate the detection of abnormal taper ratios. Methods We collected a series of patients who had cervical spine magnetic resonance studies reported as normal. We measured anteroposterior diameters of the cervical spine and calculated C1–C4, C4–C7, and C1–C7 taper by standard methodology. We calculated the normal tolerance limits for taper ratios and compared results of this study with data in previous reports on taper ratios. Results We enrolled 78 patients aged 2–55 years. The 99% tolerance limits for the taper ratios for C1–C4, C4–C7, and C1–C7 were −0.31 to +0.09, −0.11 to +0.14, and −0.13 to +0.05 cm/level, respectively. Age and sex were not significant variables for taper ratios. Taper ratios in this study agreed with those reported for controls in previous studies. Patients with syringomyelia in previous reports tended to have taper ratios outside the normal tolerance limits. Conclusion Normal limits of the cervical taper ratios are reported.
Elevated serum levels of malondialdehyde and cortisol are associated with major depressive disorder: A case-control study
Authors: Islam Md Rabiul , Islam Md Reazul , Ahmed Imtiaz , Moktadir Abdullah Al , Nahar Zabun , Islam Mohammad Safiqul , Shahid Shelina Fatema Binte , Islam Sheikh Nazrul , Islam Md Saiful , Hasnat Abul 
Published: May 2018

Objectives: Major depressive disorder is diagnosed on the basis of patient’s self-reported experiences, behavior reported by relatives, and a mental status examination, and yet we do not have any reliable biomarker for this. Mood-regulating pathways are affected by oxidative injury to lipids and cortisol is released into the blood due to stimulation of corticotrophin receptors in the adrenal cortex. Here, we aimed to determine serum levels of malondialdehyde and cortisol in major depressive disorder patients and controls. Methods: We collected blood samples from 247 major depressive disorder patients and 248 controls. Serum levels of malondialdehyde and cortisol were measured by ultraviolet spectrophotometry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit, respectively. Results: We found malondialdehyde levels were significantly higher in patients than controls, with mean ± standard deviation at 4.49 ± 1.37 and 2.87 ± 0.82 µmol/L, respectively, p < 0.001. Cortisol levels were also found significantly higher in patients than controls, with mean ± SD at 19.22 ± 1.64 and 17.37 ± 1.34 µg/dL, respectively, p < 0.001. Significant negative correlation was observed between serum levels of malondialdehyde and cortisol in patients ( r =−0.170, p = 0.021). Receiver operating characteristic analysis showed good diagnostic value for malondialdehyde and cortisol, with the area under the curve at 0.853 and 0.819, respectively. Conclusion: The present study suggests that increased serum levels of malondialdehyde and cortisol are strongly associated with major depressive disorder. We believe elevations of malondialdehyde and cortisol in serum level arise independently and they could serve as biomarkers for major depressive disorder.
Hypomorphic Rag1 mutations alter the preimmune repertoire at early stages of lymphoid development
Authors: Ott de Bruin L. M. , Bosticardo M. , Barbieri A. , Lin S. G. , Rowe J. H. , Poliani P. L. , Ching K. , Eriksson D. , Landegren N. , Kämpe O. , Manis J. P. , Notarangelo L. D. 
Published: May 2018

Key PointsMice with hypomorphic mutations in the Rag1 C-terminal domain are a model of leaky combined immunodeficiency with autoantibodies. Hypomorphic C-terminal domain Rag1 mutations cause repertoire skewing at the earliest stages of B- and T-cell development.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: The anti-proliferative and anti-inflammatory response of COPD airway smooth muscle cells to hydrogen sulfide
Authors: Perry Mark M. , Tildy Bernadett , Papi Alberto , Casolari Paolo , Caramori Gaetano , Rempel Karen Limbert , Halayko Andrew J. , Adcock Ian , Chung Kian Fan 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Backbround
COPD is a common, highly debilitating disease of the airways, primarily caused by smoking. Chronic inflammation and structural remodelling are key pathological features of this disease caused, in part, by the aberrant function of airway smooth muscle (ASM). We have previously demonstrated that hydrogen sulfide (H2S) can inhibit ASM cell proliferation and CXCL8 release, from cells isolated from non-smokers.

Methods
We examined the effect of H2S upon ASM cells from COPD patients. ASM cells were isolated from non-smokers, smokers and patients with COPD (n = 9). Proliferation and cytokine release (IL-6 and CXCL8) of ASM was induced by FCS, and measured by bromodeoxyuridine incorporation and ELISA, respectively.

Results
Exposure of ASM to H2S donors inhibited FCS-induced proliferation and cytokine release, but was less effective upon COPD ASM cells compared to the non-smokers and smokers. The mRNA and protein expression of the enzymes responsible for endogenous H2S production (cystathionine-β-synthase [CBS] and 3-mercaptopyruvate sulphur transferase [MPST]) were inhibited by H2S donors. Finally, we report that exogenous H2S inhibited FCS-stimulated phosphorylation of ERK–1/2 and p38 mitogen activated protein kinases (MAPKs), in the non-smoker and smoker ASM cells, with little effect in COPD cells.

Conclusions
H2S production provides a novel mechanism for the repression of ASM proliferation and cytokine release. The ability of COPD ASM cells to respond to H2S is attenuated in COPD ASM cells despite the presence of the enzymes responsible for H2S production.
What is a smart device? - a conceptualisation within the paradigm of the internet of things
Authors: Silverio-Fernández Manuel , Renukappa Suresh , Suresh Subashini 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe Internet of Things (IoT) is an interconnected network of objects which range from simple sensors to smartphones and tablets; it is a relatively novel paradigm that has been rapidly gaining ground in the scenario of modern wireless telecommunications with an expected growth of 25 to 50 billion of connected devices for 2020 Due to the recent rise of this paradigm, authors across the literature use inconsistent terms to address the devices present in the IoT, such as mobile device, smart device, mobile technologies or mobile smart device. Based on the existing literature, this paper chooses the term smart device as a starting point towards the development of an appropriate definition for the devices present in the IoT. This investigation aims at exploring the concept and main features of smart devices as well as their role in the IoT. This paper follows a systematic approach for reviewing compendium of literature to explore the current research in this field. It has been identified smart devices as the primary objects interconnected in the network of IoT, having an essential role in this paradigm. The developed concept for defining smart device is based on three main features, namely context-awareness, autonomy and device connectivity. Other features such as mobility and user-interaction were highly mentioned in the literature, but were not considered because of the nature of the IoT as a network mainly oriented to device-to-device connectivity whether they are mobile or not and whether they interact with people or not. What emerges from this paper is a concept which can be used to homogenise the terminology used on further research in the Field of digitalisation and smart technologies.
Aripiprazole once-monthly as maintenance treatment for bipolar I disorder: a 52-week, multicenter, open-label study
Authors: Calabrese Joseph R. , Jin Na , Johnson Brian , Such Pedro , Baker Ross A. , Madera Jessica , Hertel Peter , Ottinger Jocelyn , Amatniek Joan , Kawasaki Hiroaki 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Background
The long-acting injectable antipsychotic aripiprazole once-monthly 400 mg (AOM 400) was recently approved for maintenance treatment of bipolar I disorder (BP-I). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the safety, tolerability, and efficacy of AOM 400 as long-term maintenance treatment for BP-I.

Methods
This open-label multicenter study evaluated the effectiveness of AOM 400 as maintenance treatment for BP-I by assessing safety and tolerability (primary objective) and efficacy (secondary objective). The study enrolled AOM 400-naive (“de novo”) patients as well as AOM 400-experienced (“rollover”) patients with BP-I from a lead-in randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial that demonstrated the efficacy of AOM 400 in the maintenance treatment of BP-I (Calabrese et al. in J Clin Psychiatry 78:324–331, 2017). Safety variables included frequency and severity of treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) and TEAEs resulting in study discontinuation. Efficacy was assessed by the proportion of patients maintaining stability throughout the maintenance phase, as well as mean changes from baseline in Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS), Montgomery–Asberg Depression Rating Scale, and Clinical Global Impressions for Bipolar Disorder–Severity of Illness Scale (CGI-BP-S) total scores. Patient acceptability and tolerability of treatment was assessed using the Patient Satisfaction with Medication Questionnaire-Modified.

Results
Of 464 patients entering the maintenance phase, 379 (82%) were de novo and 85 (18%) were rollover. TEAEs were more common in de novo than rollover patients. The overall discontinuation rate due to TEAEs was 10.3% (48/464). Improvements in YMRS and CGI-BP-S total scores were maintained during the study, and the vast majority of both de novo (87.0%) and rollover (97.6%) patients maintained stability through their last visit. Overall, the need for rescue medication during the maintenance phase was minimal (< 10% of patients). Patient satisfaction levels were high, with both de novo and rollover patients rating the side effect burden of AOM 400 as greatly improved relative to previous medications.

Conclusion
AOM 400 was safe, effective, and well tolerated by both de novo and AOM 400-experienced patients with BP-I for long-term maintenance treatment.
Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT01710709