bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cerebellar Microbleed Distribution Patterns and Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy
Authors: Pasi Marco , Pongpitakmetha Thanakit , Charidimou Andreas , Singh Sanjula D. , Tsai Hsin-Hsi , Xiong Li , Boulouis Gregoire , Warren Andrew D. , Rosand Jonathan , Frosch Matthew P. , Viswanathan Anand , Gurol M. Edip , Greenberg Steven M. 
Published: June 2019

Background and Purpose—
Hematoma location within the cerebellum may help identify the dominant small vessel disease type (cerebral amyloid angiopathy [CAA] versus nonamyloid small vessel disease). However, it is unknown whether this holds true for cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) within the cerebellum. We tested the hypothesis that cerebellar CMBs restricted to the cortex and vermis (defined as superficial regions) are associated with clinically diagnosed and pathology-verified CAA.

Methods—
Three hundred and seven consecutive spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) patients with a baseline magnetic resonance imaging that included susceptibility-weighted imaging or angiography were enrolled. Using a topographical template, cerebellar CMB patterns were defined as strictly superficial versus deep (cerebellar gray nuclei and white matter) or mixed (both regions involved). Thirty-six ICH patients with cerebellar CMBs and neuropathology data available were evaluated for the presence of CAA.

Results—

One hundred and thirty-five (44%) ICH patients had CMBs in the cerebellum. In the patient group with cerebellar CMBs, 85 (63%) showed a superficial pattern, and 50 (37%) had a deep/mixed pattern. Strictly superficial cerebellar CMBs were independently associated with a supratentorial pattern of probable CAA-ICH according to the Boston criteria (odds ratio, 1.6; CI, 1.03–2.5) and deep/mixed cerebellar CMBs with a pattern of deep/mixed ICH (odds ratio, 1.8; CI, 1.2–2.7). Pathologically verified CAA was present in 23 of 24 (96%) patients with superficial cerebellar CMBs versus 3 of 12 (25%) patients with deep/mixed cerebellar CMBs (
P
<0.001).

Conclusions—
In ICH patients, cerebellar CMBs are relatively common and often restricted to superficial regions. A strictly superficial distribution of cerebellar CMBs is associated with clinically diagnosed and pathologically verified CAA.
POLITICIZING REPRODUCTION IN COMPARATIVE PERSPECTIVE: OTTOMAN, TURKISH, AND FRENCH APPROACHES TO ABORTION LAW
Authors: Miller Ruth 
Published: June 2019

AbstractIn this essay I discuss modern abortion legislation in the Ottoman Empire, Turkey, and France. Using late nineteenth and early twentieth century fears of population decline and "race suicide" as a starting point, the first half of the essay examines the relationship between nationalist or authoritarian state formation and the criminalization of abortion in all three states. The second half of the paper discusses the gradual de-criminalization of abortion after the Second World War and its relationship to twentieth century rights rhetoric. In this essay I argue that both the criminalization and de-criminalization of abortion in the Ottoman Empire, Turkey, and France were central to modern citizenship formation, each process equally essential to the increasing politicization of reproductive behavior over the modern period. At the same time, I also argue that legislators in all three states looked back to unique "traditions" to serve as foundations for their post-eighteenth century laws—Ottoman and Turkish jurists making use of medieval and early modern debates in the Islamic world surrounding abortion and French jurists making use of an equally well-established Catholic tradition.
A Fatwa and Its Dialectics: Contextualizing the Permissibility of Mortgages in Stockholm
Authors: Shavit Uriya 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
In 1999, the European Council for Fatwa and Research issued a fatwa that legitimized mortgages for Muslims in Europe who are not homeowners. While this groundbreaking text gained some academic attention, little has been written about its reception and impact. Through a field study in three Islamic centers in Stockholm, this article examines the conflicting opinions about this religious decision among imams and mosque attendees and demonstrates that both the most ardent supporters of the European Council and its staunchest critics engage with the legitimization of mortgages in ways that are independent and original and correspond with their personal understanding of the situation of local Muslims.
‘Without Timotheus, Much of Our Melopoiia Would not Exist; But without Phrynis, There Wouldn’t Have Been Timotheus’
Authors: Lynch Tosca 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
In this paper, I offer a close discussion of the musical innovations attributed to Phrynis, Timotheus and other ‘New Musicians’ mentioned in a famous fragment of Pherecrates’ Chiron, interpreting this fascinating passage in the light of the extant evidence about ancient harmonic theory and practice, as well as the latest research findings. More specifically, I shall advance a new hypothesis concerning the nature of Phrynis’ innovative ‘twister’ (strobilos): producing a special bending (kampē) of a semitone, this gadget allowed Phrynis to combine five different harmoniai (Dorian, Phrygian, Lydian, Iastian and ‘Loose Lydian’) in one and the same twelve-string tuning. Making a subtle modification to this device, Timotheus further expanded the harmonic palette of his twelve-string kithara, introducing the lamenting aulos-mode par excellence, the Mixolydian, into the realm of lyre music. Philoxenus increased this system by adding an extra string, reaching the 13-step arrangement that is at the heart of Aristoxenian harmonic theory.
Echoes of the Rejection of the Aulos in Augustan Poetry
Authors: Wyslucha Kamila 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Athenian elites of the late fifth century BC rebelled against aulos-playing as part of the school curriculum and launched a socio-cultural campaign against the instrument. Echoes of this ‘anti-aulos’ crusade reverberated in literature in the centuries to follow as motifs of hostility towards aulos music. Ovid (Fasti 6.657-710) and Propertius (2.30b) engage in this discourse, largely disregarding the motives of the Athenians for spurning the instrument; instead they embed the rejection myths in their poetical programmes in the context of their precarious relationship with Augustan authority. This paper argues that while both poets oppose the rejection of the doublepipes, they do so for entirely different reasons. Although the negative image of the aulos is present in Latin literary sources, it is largely disconnected from the substantial role of the instrument in Roman musical culture.
Redescription and illustrations of the Centipede, Ectonocryptops kraepelini Crabill, 1977 (Scolopendromorpha: Scolopocryptopidae: Ectonocryptopinae)
Authors: SHELLEY ROWLAND M. , MERCURIO RANDY 
Published: June 2019

In 1977, R. E. Crabill, Jr., erected Ectonocryptops for a new Mexican centipede from Colima that he named, E. kraepelini. He placed it in the Cryptopidae, but with 23 pairs of legs and pedal segments, it properly belongs in the Scolopocryptopidae, subfamily Ectonocryptopinae, according to today's taxonomy (Shelley & Mercurio 2005). Crabill did not provide illustrations, and the holotype and only specimen, supposedly at the American Museum of Natural History, New York, USA (AMNH), was subsequently lost. Consequently, the identity of this centipede was uncertain until we (Shelley & Mercurio 2005) proposed Ectonocryptoides quadrimeropus, n. gen., n. sp., for an anatomically similar form from neighboring Jalisco. Discovery of the latter allowed us to interpret characterizations in Crabill's verbal account of Ectonocryptops kraepelini, and separate generic status seemed warranted because of different numbers of podomeres on the caudal legs, four in Ectonocryptoides quadrimeropus and five in Ectonocryptops kraepelini (Crabill 1977). Repeated and extensive searches in the type and general collections at the AMNH failed to reveal the missing holotype as did ones at the National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, where Crabill was a curator when he described Ectonocryptops kraepelini. The holotype was discovered in the AMNH by the second author in 2005; the cephalic plate & antennae, coxosternum & segments 1–7, and segments 19–23 plus the caudal legs had been dissected, cleared, and mounted on a slide, whereas segments 8–18 were in a vial of alcohol. The slide mount was in extremely poor condition with darkened and cracked medium that was filled with air bubbles and meniscuses such that critical parts could not be clearly viewed. We removed the mounted parts from the slide, placed them in alcohol with the rest of the specimen, and redescribe Ectonocryptops kraepelini and provide, for the first time, illustrations of anatomical features. We also provide new accounts of the subfamily, Ectonocryptoides, and Ectonocryptoides quadrimeropus, so that all subfamilial components are treated in a single publication. Asterisks (*) in the account of Ectonocryptops kraepelini denote items taken from Crabill's (1977) description that we could not confirm.
Collaborative patterns, authorship practices and scientific success in biomedical research: a network analysis
Authors: Patel Vanash M , Panzarasa Pietro , Ashrafian Hutan , Evans Tim S , Kirresh Ali , Sevdalis Nick , Darzi Ara , Athanasiou Thanos 
Published: June 2019

Summary Objective To investigate the relationship between biomedical researchers' collaborative and authorship practices and scientific success. Design Longitudinal quantitative analysis of individual researchers' careers over a nine-year period. Setting A leading biomedical research institution in the United Kingdom. Participants Five hundred and twenty-five biomedical researchers who were in employment on 31 December 2009. Main outcome measures We constructed the co-authorship network in which nodes are the researchers, and links are established between any two researchers if they co-authored one or more articles. For each researcher, we recorded the position held in the co-authorship network and in the bylines of all articles published in each three-year interval and calculated the number of citations these articles accrued until January 2013. We estimated maximum likelihood negative binomial panel regression models. Results Our analysis suggests that collaboration sustained success, yet excessive co-authorship did not. Last positions in non-alphabetised bylines were beneficial for higher academic ranks but not for junior ones. A professor could witness a 20.57% increase in the expected citation count if last-listed non-alphabetically in one additional publication; yet, a lecturer suffered from a 13.04% reduction. First positions in alphabetised bylines were positively associated with performance for junior academics only. A lecturer could experience a 8.78% increase in the expected citation count if first-listed alphabetically in one additional publication. While junior researchers amplified success when brokering among otherwise disconnected collaborators, senior researchers prospered from socially cohesive networks, rich in third-party relationships. Conclusions These results help biomedical scientists shape successful careers and research institutions develop effective assessment and recruitment policies that will ultimately sustain the quality of biomedical research and patient care.
Predictive Factors for Perinatal Outcomes of Infants Diagnosed With Micrognathia Antenatally
Authors: Tay Sok Yan , Krishnasarma Rekha , Mehta Deepak , Mehollin-Ray Amy , Chandy Binoy 
Published: June 2019

Introduction: Advances in fetal imaging have allowed us to identify abnormalities previously not appreciated. With this study, we hope to identify factors predicting a difficult airway at birth and review the perinatal outcomes of these patients. Methods: Sixteen patients with antenatally diagnosed micrognathia were reviewed from a tertiary care hospital database from 2011 to 2016. Jaw index (JI), amniotic fluid index (AFI), glossoptosis, gastric size, and oropharynx obliteration were assessed. The airway support required at birth, specialist team involvement, and outcomes were evaluated. Results: Nine (56.3%) of 16 patients had JI <5th percentile, 3 (33.3%) of 9 had difficult intubation, 2 (22.2%) of 9 needed an emergency tracheostomy, and 1 (11.1%) of 9 died. Seven patients had polyhydramnios, 2 (28.6%) of 7 had difficult intubation, 2 (28.6%) of 7 required tracheostomy, and 1 (14.3%) of 7 died. Twelve patients had either JI <5th percentile or abnormal AFI, 5 (41.7%) of 12 had difficult intubation, 2 (16.7%) of 12 required tracheostomy, and 1 (8.33%) of 12 died. For the group without otolaryngology consultation, 8 (50%) of 16, 1 (12.5%) of 8 had difficult intubation and 1 (12.5%) of 8 died because airway was not secured after 45 minutes of resuscitation. Conclusion: Jaw index <5th percentile or abnormal AFI predicts a difficult airway. A multidisciplinary approach with otolaryngology involvement for airway intervention may be required at birth.
Endoscopic‐Assisted Cochlear Implantation in Children with Malformed Ears
Authors: Carner Marco , Sacchetto Andrea , Bianconi Luca , Soloperto Davide , Sacchetto Luca , Presutti Livio , Marchioni Daniele 
Published: June 2019

ObjectiveComplex middle and inner ear malformations are considered an important limitation for cochlear implant (CI) with traditional microscopic techniques. The aim of the present study is to describe the results of the endoscopic‐assisted CI procedure in children with malformed ears.Study DesignCase series with chart review of consecutive patients.SettingTwo tertiary referral centers: University Hospital of Verona and University Hospital of Modena, Italy.Subjects and MethodsIn total, 25 children underwent endoscopic‐assisted cochlear implantation between January 2013 and January 2018. The audiologic and neuroradiologic assessment showed profound hearing loss and malformation of the middle and inner ear in all children. A complete review of anatomic features, surgical results, and audiologic outcomes was performed. The surgical technique is described step‐by‐step, and the outcomes are detailed.ResultsAll patients (mean age, 3.6 years; range, 2.8‐9 years) underwent a transattical/endoscopic‐assisted CI procedure. All children showed varying degrees of auditory benefit, as measured by routine audiometry, speech perception tests, and Categories of Auditory Performance scores (mean, 6). No immediate or late postoperative complications were noted.ConclusionThe endoscopic‐assisted approach proved to be successful in cochlear implantation. The direct visualization and magnification allow (1) exploration of the tympanic cavity; (2) confirmation of all anatomic features, with strict control of the course of the facial nerve, round window area, and inner ear; and (3) performance of the cochleostomy with adequate insertion of the array.
Clinical Consensus Statement: Balloon Dilation of the Eustachian Tube
Authors: Tucci Debara L. , McCoul Edward D. , Rosenfeld Richard M. , Tunkel David E. , Batra Pete S. , Chandrasekhar Sujana S. , Cordes Susan R. , Eshraghi Adrien A. , Kaylie David , Lal Devyani , Lee Jivianne , Setzen Michael , Sindwani Raj , Syms Charles A. , Bishop Charles , Poe Dennis S. , Corrigan Maureen , Lambie Erin 
Published: June 2019

ObjectiveTo develop a clinical consensus statement on the use of balloon dilation of the eustachian tube (BDET).MethodsAn expert panel of otolaryngologists was assembled with nominated representatives of general otolaryngology and relevant subspecialty societies. The target population was adults 18 years or older who are candidates for BDET because of obstructive eustachian tube dysfunction (OETD) in 1 or both ears for 3 months or longer that significantly affects quality of life or functional health status. A modified Delphi method was used to distill expert opinion into clinical statements that met a standardized definition of consensus.ResultsAfter 3 iterative Delphi method surveys, 28 statements met the predefined criteria for consensus, while 28 statements did not. The clinical statements were grouped into 3 categories for the purposes of presentation and discussion: (1) patient criteria, (2) perioperative considerations, and (3) outcomes.ConclusionThis panel reached consensus on several statements that clarify diagnosis and perioperative management of OETD. Lack of consensus on other statements likely reflects knowledge gaps regarding the role of BDET in managing OETD. Expert panel consensus may provide helpful information for the otolaryngologist considering the use of BDET for the management of patients with OETD.
Assessment of the effects of Kinesiotaping on musical motor performance in musicians suffering from focal hand dystonia: a pilot study
Authors: Bravi Riccardo , Ioannou Christos I , Minciacchi Diego , Altenmüller Eckart 
Published: June 2019

Objective: The aim of this study was to explore the immediate and short-term effects of a Correction Kinesiotaping intervention on fine motor control in musicians with focal hand dystonia. Design: A single-blinded, single-arm repeated measures, pilot study. Setting: Medical outpatient clinic. Subjects: Seven musicians diagnosed with focal hand dystonia. Interventions: Musicians performed musical exercises under the following conditions: without Kinesiotape (baseline), during a Correction Kinesiotaping intervention and immediately after tape removal (block 1) and during a Sham Kinesiotaping intervention and immediately after tape removal (block 2). Blocks were randomly presented across participants. A tailored Correction Kinesiotaping intervention on affected fingers was provided based on the dystonic pattern that each patient manifested while playing. Main measures: Motor performance was video-documented and independent experts blindly assessed the general performance and fingers’ posture on visual analogue scales. Also, musicians’ self-reports of the musical abilities were evaluated. Finally, electromyographic activity and coactivation index of wrist antagonist muscles were analyzed. Results: No significant differences in effects between Correction Kinesiotaping and Sham Kinesiotaping were reported by the experts, either for general performance ( P > 0.05) or for fingers’ posture ( P > 0.05); any subtle benefits observed during Correction Kinesiotaping were lost after the tape was removed. Musicians estimated that Correction Kinesiotaping was ineffective in improving their musical abilities. Also, no significant changes with respect to the coactivation index ( P > 0.05) were found among the conditions. Conclusion: Correction Kinesiotaping intervention may not be useful to reduce dystonic patterns, nor to improve playing ability, in musicians with focal hand dystonia.
Regulation of adenosine A2A receptor gene expression in a model of binge eating in the amygdaloid complex of female rats
Authors: Micioni Di Bonaventura Maria Vittoria , Pucci Mariangela , Giusepponi Maria Elena , Romano Adele , Lambertucci Catia , Volpini Rosaria , Micioni Di Bonaventura Emanuela , Gaetani Silvana , Maccarrone Mauro , D’Addario Claudio , Cifani Carlo 
Published: June 2019

Background: Pharmacological treatment approaches for eating disorders, such as binge eating disorder and bulimia nervosa, are currently limited. Methods and aims: Using a well-characterized animal model of binge eating, we investigated the epigenetic regulation of the A2A Adenosine Receptor (A2AAR) and dopaminergic D2 receptor (D2R) genes. Results: Gene expression analysis revealed a selective increase of both receptor mRNAs in the amygdaloid complex of stressed and restricted rats, which exhibited binge-like eating, when compared to non-stressed and non-restricted rats. Consistently, pyrosequencing analysis revealed a significant reduction of the percentage of DNA methylation but only at the A2AAR promoter region in rats showing binge-like behaviour compared to the control animals. Focusing thus on A2AAR agonist (VT 7) administration (which inhibited the episode of binge systemically at 0.1 mg/kg or intra-central amygdala (CeA) injection at 900 ng/side) induced a significant increase of A2AAR mRNA levels in restricted and stressed rats when compared to the control group. In addition, we observed a significant decrease in A2AAR mRNA levels in rats treated with the A2AAR antagonist (ANR 94) at 1 mg/kg. Consistent changes in the DNA methylation status of the A2AAR promoter were found in restricted and stressed rats after administration of VT 7 or ANR 94. Conclusion: We confirm the role of A2AAR in binge eating behaviours, and we underline the importance of epigenetic regulation of the A2AAR gene, possibly due to a compensatory mechanism to counteract the effect of binge eating. We suggest that A2AAR activation, inducing receptor gene up-regulation, could be relevant to reduction of food consumption.
Efficacy of Platelet-Rich Plasma for the Treatment of Interstitial Supraspinatus Tears: A Double-Blinded, Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Schwitzguebel Adrien J. , Kolo Frank C. , Tirefort Jérôme , Kourhani Abed , Nowak Alexandra , Gremeaux Vincent , Saffarini Mo , Lädermann Alexandre 
Published: June 2019

Background: The benefits of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) for the treatment of rotator cuff tears remain inconclusive, as it is administered either as an adjuvant to surgical repair or as a primary infiltration without targeting the index lesion, which could dilute its effect. Purpose: To determine whether PRP infiltrations are superior to saline solution infiltrations (placebo) at improving healing, pain, and function when injected under ultrasound guidance within isolated interstitial supraspinatus tears. Study Design: Randomized controlled trial; Level of evidence, 1. Methods: In this single-center, double-blinded, randomized controlled trial, 80 adults with symptomatic isolated interstitial tears of the supraspinatus, confirmed by magnetic resonance arthrography, were randomized to PRP or saline injections. Each patient received 2 injections with a 1-month interval. The primary outcome was the change in lesion volume, calculated on magnetic resonance arthrography, at 7 months. The secondary outcomes were improvements in shoulder pain and the Single Assessment Numerical Evaluation (SANE) score at >12 months. Results: Preoperative patient characteristics did not differ between the 2 groups. At 7 months, there were no significant differences between the PRP and control groups in terms of a decrease in lesion size (–0.3 ± 23.6 mm3 vs –8.1 ± 84.7 mm3, respectively; P = .175); reduction of pain on a visual analog scale (VAS) (–2.3 ± 3.0 vs –2.0 ± 3.0, respectively; P = .586); and improvement in SANE (16.7 ± 20.0 vs 14.9 ± 29.0, respectively; P = .650), Constant (8.6 ± 13.0 vs 10.7 ± 19.0, respectively; P = .596), and American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (19.5 ± 20.0 vs 21.9 ± 28.0, respectively; P = .665) scores. At >12 months, there were no significant differences between the PRP and control groups in terms of a reduction of pain on a VAS (–3.3 ± 2.6 vs –2.3 ± 3.2, respectively; P = .087) or improvement in the SANE score (24.4 ± 27.5 vs 23.4 ± 24.9, respectively; P = .846). At 19.5 ± 5.3 months, the incidence of adverse effects (pain >48 hours, frozen shoulder, extension of lesion) was significantly higher in the PRP group than the control group (54% vs 26%, respectively; P = .020). Conclusion: PRP injections within interstitial supraspinatus tears did not improve tendon healing or clinical scores compared with saline injections and were associated with more adverse events. Registration: NCT02672085 (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier).