bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Female underrepresentation in project-based organizations exposes organizational isomorphism
Authors: Baker Marzena , French Erica 
Published: October 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the structural career barriers in project-based construction and property development organizations in Australia, and explore how these affect women and their project careers. It applies the insights of the institutional theory to explain how the process of normative isomorphism continues to reproduce female underrepresentation in those organizations.

Design/methodology/approach
Based on an exploratory interpretive approach, this study consisted of 16 in-depth interviews with female project managers from the Australian construction and property industry.

Findings
The research shows that organizational practices may contribute to the ongoing female underrepresentation in the Australian construction and property development industries. The structural career barriers unique to project organizations include work practice, presenteeism, reliance on career self-management and the “filtering of personnel” in recruitment and promotion practices.

Research limitations/implications
The results support the institutional theory as an explanation for the factors that influence women’s’ perceptions of their project management careers. Addressing inequity between men and women is perceived as an organizational choice.

Practical implications
To achieve a substantive change in the numbers of women in project management, organizational leaders in male dominated industries such as construction and property development are encouraged to think strategically about how to overcome the access and opportunity that affect women’s career progress.

Originality/value
Drawing on the institutional theory, this study explores how the process of normative isomorphism may reproduce female underrepresentation and gender segregation in traditional project-based organizations.
Fostering workplace respect in an era of anti-Muslimism and Islamophobia
Authors: Sekerka Leslie Elizabeth , Yacobian Marianne Marar 
Published: October 2018

PurposeThe marginalization of Muslims can foster anxiety, anger, or fear in the workplace. Such negative reactions may prompt incivility among coworkers, denigrating a thoughtful regard for others. While legal protections are intended to promote fairness, mandates do not always prevent discrimination. As a result, management needs to frame anti-Muslimism as an ethical issue and proactively cultivate environments that support respect. The paper aims to discuss these issues.Design/methodology/approachTo understand how anti-Muslimism may emerge in organizational settings, this work defines Islamophobia and examines how it manifests as workplace discrimination. The extant literature on the subject and a sample of anti-Muslim discrimination cases are studied to better understand this phenomenon.FindingsAn analysis of representative Equal Employment Opportunity Commission cases shows that a lack of accommodation for religious practices is a major ethical issue. Management can proactively address value tensions by creating safe spaces for organizational learning. Balanced experiential inquiry is offered as a process to help employees reveal their embedded biases through personal reflection and collective inquiry.Practical implicationsIf managers intend to encourage equity and inclusion, they need to foster organizational learning that tackles emerging forms of discrimination like Islamophobia. A sustained focus on moral development becomes an imperative toward establishing an ethical climate and a workplace that fosters respect for all organizational members.Social implicationsBecause organizations are at the intersection of business and society, it is incumbent upon managers to create environments that reject hostilities toward those who may be perceived as different.Originality/valueIn today’s sociopolitical climate, the concern of discrimination toward Muslims is a mainstream ethical issue. A compliance-based approach to advance organizational ethics is not enough. The authors present a way forward, building moral strength through moral competency.
The intelligence explosion revisited
Authors: Jebari Karim , Lundborg Joakim 
Published: October 2018

Purpose
The claim that super intelligent machines constitute a major existential risk was recently defended in Nick Bostrom’s book Superintelligence and forms the basis of the sub-discipline AI risk. The purpose of this paper is to critically assess the philosophical assumptions that are of importance to the argument that AI could pose an existential risk and if so, the character of that risk.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper distinguishes between “intelligence” or the cognitive capacity of an individual and “techne”, a more general ability to solve problems using, for example, technological artifacts. While human intelligence has not changed much over historical time, human techne has improved considerably. Moreover, the fact that human techne has more variance across individuals than human intelligence suggests that if machine techne were to surpass human techne, the transition is likely going to be prolonged rather than explosive.

Findings
Some constraints for the intelligence explosion scenario are presented that imply that AI could be controlled by human organizations.

Originality/value
If true, this argument suggests that efforts should focus on devising strategies to control AI rather strategies that assume that such control is impossible.
The unsaintly behaviour of Mary Mackillop: her early teaching career at Portland
Authors: Hooper Carole 
Published: October 2018

Purpose
Mary Mackillop, the only Australian to have been declared a “saint” by the Roman Catholic Church, co-founded the Institute of the Sisters of St Joseph, a religious congregation established primarily to educate the poor. Prior to this, she taught at a Common School in Portland. While she was there, the headmaster was dismissed. The purpose of this paper is to examine the extent to which the narrative accounts of the dismissal, as provided in the biographies of Mary, are supported by the documentary evidence. Contemporary records of the Board of Education indicate that Mary played a more active role in the dismissal than that suggested by her biographers.

Design/methodology/approach
Documentary evidence, particularly the records of the Board of Education, has been used to challenge the biographical accounts of Mary Mackillop’s involvement in an incident that occurred while she was a teacher at the Portland Common School.

Findings
It appears that the biographers, by omitting to consider the evidence available in the records of the Board of Education, have down-played Mary Mackillop’s involvement in the events that led to the dismissal of the head teacher at Portland.

Originality/value
This paper uses documentary evidence to challenge the account of the Portand incident, as provided in the biographies of Mary Mackillop.
Solving shallow water equations with crisp and uncertain initial conditions
Authors: Karunakar Perumandla , Chakraverty Snehashish 
Published: October 2018

Purpose
This paper aims to deal with the application of variational iteration method and homotopy perturbation method (HPM) for solving one dimensional shallow water equations with crisp and fuzzy uncertain initial conditions.

Design/methodology/approach
Firstly, the study solved shallow water equations using variational iteration method and HPM with constant basin depth and crisp initial conditions. Further, the study considered uncertain initial conditions in terms of fuzzy numbers, which leads the governing equations to fuzzy shallow water equations. Then using cut and parametric concepts the study converts fuzzy shallow water equations to crisp form. Then, HPM has been used to solve the fuzzy shallow water equations.

Findings
Results obtained by both methods HPM and variational iteration method are compared graphically in crisp case. Solution of fuzzy shallow water equations by HPM are presented in the form triangular fuzzy number plots.

Originality/value
Shallow water equations with crisp and fuzzy initial conditions have been solved.
Effective talent retention approaches
Authors: Ott Dana L. , Tolentino Julia Louise , Michailova Snejina 
Published: October 2018

Purpose
This paper aims to review the talent management literature to identify ways in which organizations can practically and effectively improve talent retention.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper defines talent and talent retention and explains why retaining talent is so important and why talent leave. Then, it reviews existing literature from scholarly journals and practitioner reports and identifies and discusses means by which organizations can improve their talent retention. Finally, this paper outlines some important lessons that are relevant to all organizations when considering talent retention.

Findings
The review of the talent management literature identifies four ways that organizations can improve their talent retention: developing a solid organizational culture and strong values, providing applicable and dynamic training, fostering an engaging work environment, and offering clear and suitable career advancement opportunities.

Originality/value
The four practical ways to effectively improve talent retention discussed in this paper demonstrate that retaining talent requires more than just a competitive salary package. Talent want to work for and stay at an organization that has similar values, provides training opportunities, fosters engagement and offers career advancement.
Examination of knowledge hiding with conflict, competition and personal values
Authors: Boz Semerci Anil 
Published: October 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this paper was to examine knowledge hiding behaviours with perceived conflict types, competition and personal values of employees.Design/methodology/approachTwo studies were carried out and structural equation modelling and moderated regression analyses were conducted to test the hypotheses.FindingsStudy I, with employees from software development companies, revealed that task conflict and relationship conflict have additive effect on knowledge hiding behaviour. Additionally, task conflict is positively related to employees’ perceived competition. However, no mediation role of perceived competition was found between conflict types and knowledge hiding. Study II, with employees from the banking sector, indicated that employees’ individualistic or collectivistic values play a moderating role between perceived task conflict and knowledge hiding behaviours. The negative effect of task conflict on knowledge hiding behaviour is higher if the individuals have individualistic personal values.Practical implicationsThis study contributes to managers by offering some guidance on what can be the results of conflict and competition between employees and how employees’ personal values can affect conflict and knowledge hiding relation.Originality/valueTo the challenges of knowledge hiding behaviour outcomes for businesses, many managers should first consider the predictors of knowledge hiding and then find some solutions against the negative consequences. This study is one of the first to examine knowledge hiding with regard to conflict types, perceived competition between employees and personal values of employees.
Sustainable management practices in UAE hotels
Authors: Alameeri Amal , Ajmal Mian M. , Hussain Matloub , Helo Petri 
Published: October 2018

Purpose
Sustainability has become an important objective for most organizations, as it is emerging as a competitive necessity. This study aims to develop a framework for the identification, categorization and prioritization of sustainable management practices (SMPs) in the hotel sector.

Design/methodology/approach
An extensive literature review was conducted to identify SMPs in the service sector, and a survey tool was used to categorize and prioritize the most important practices based on expert opinion. An analytical hierarchical process (AHP) was used to prioritize the main criteria and sub-criteria of SMPs. The study is composed of 8 main criteria and 33 sub-criteria relevant to the hotel sector.

Findings
It is observed that employee management and government management take top priority under the main criteria, and policy requirements, customer culture and education and training were determined to be the three most relevant sub-criteria as SMPs for hotels in UAE. The results indicate that hotels mostly focus on economic sustainability; however, the environmental and social dimensions of sustainability are ignored in management practices.

Research limitations/implications
The results are derived from four- and five-star hotels and therefore cannot be generalized. In addition, future research on specific categories of hotels is needed in other countries. The current research model can be also applied in different types of companies in tourism and other sectors.

Practical implications
Hotel managers should exert greater effort with regard to the environmental and social dimensions of sustainability practices, as they are highly important. Internationally, there has been considerable debate with regard to these issues, and at present, customers are well aware of such social and environmental efforts.

Originality/value
This study offers original insights into the area of SMP in UAE, especially in the hotel sector.
Mapping built environment professionals’ educational needs to international policy frameworks for disaster risk reduction – community stakeholder perspective
Authors: Perera Srinath , Adeniyi Onaopepo , Babatunde Solomon Olusola , Ginige Kanchana 
Published: October 2018

Purpose
Disaster risk reduction is prominent in the international policy agenda, and the year 2015 brought together three international policy frameworks that contribute to disaster risk reduction (i.e. the Sendai framework for disaster risk reduction, the Sustainable Development Goals and Paris Climate Change Agreement – COP21). However, there is a dearth of effort at identifying and aligning the specific educational needs of built environment professionals with the three policy frameworks. This is needed to facilitate the incorporation of the contents of the policy frameworks into built environment professionals’ training. Therefore, this study aims to map the educational needs of built environment professionals with the core areas of the three international policy frameworks.

Design/methodology/approach
This study utilized CADRE (Collaborative Action towards Disaster Resilience Education) research project outcomes alongside the earlier mentioned three international policy frameworks. A comprehensive desk review was done to map the educational needs identified in the CADRE project with the core priority areas of the three policy frameworks.

Findings
The study revealed the educational needs that are significant towards an effective implementation of the core priority areas of the three international policy frameworks.

Practical implications
This study would be beneficial to the built environment professionals involved in disaster risk reduction. They will be aware of the specific knowledge areas that would aid the successful implementation of the aforementioned three international policy frameworks.

Originality/value
The outcomes of the study would be beneficial to higher education providers in disaster risk reduction and sustainable development. It has identified the knowledge and competency gaps needed to be bridged in the curricula to meet the demands created by the international policy frameworks.
Designing an interactive model of factors affecting the health technology assessment (HTA) in Iran
Authors: Bahadori Mohammadkarim , Ravangard Ramin , Nezhad Mahya Tohidi , Pourtaheri Naeimeh , Hosseini-Shokouh Sayyed Morteza 
Published: October 2018

Purpose
According to the great importance of community health as well as the ever-increasing development of health technologies, the importance of designing an interactive model of factors affecting health technology assessment (HTA) can be highlighted. The purpose of designing and implementing the framework of health information system assessment is to ensure that the required accurate data which are necessary to measure the main health indicators are available. The purpose of this paper is to design an interactive model of factors affecting HTA.

Design/methodology/approach
This is a cross-sectional, descriptive-analytic study conducted in the Iran Ministry of Health and Medical Education in the second half of 2017. A sample of 60 experts and professionals working in the field of health technologies are selected using purposive and snowball sampling methods. Two researcher-made questionnaires are used to collect the required data. The collected data are analyzed using decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL) and MATLAB R2013a.

Findings
The results showed that “Legal dimension,” “safety,” “Effectiveness” and “Social dimension” were the affecting factors and net causes, and “Current application,” “Knowledge of technology,” “Ethical dimension,” “Costs” and “Organizational dimension” were the affected factors and net effects in the interactive model. Furthermore, “Legal dimension” with the coordinates C: [1.88, 1.27] and “Ethical dimension” with the coordinates C: [1.75, −75] were known as the most affecting and most affected factors in the interactive model, respectively.

Originality/value
The DEMATEL model is an appropriate tool for managers and policy makers to structure and prioritize factors influencing the HTA. Policy makers and decision makers can use this model for identifying relationships among factors and prioritize them. Because health policy makers and managers have a major role in formulating the regulations and guidelines related to the HTA, they should pay more attention to the legal considerations in their decisions and use the management tools to move the available resources toward implementing and enforcing rules and guidelines related to the HTA.
The relationship between servitization and product customization strategies
Authors: Sousa Rui , da Silveira Giovani J.C. 
Published: October 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between product customization and servitization strategies, specifically the relationship between product customization strategy intensity and degree of servitization (offering of basic and/or advanced services) and the moderating role of product customization strategy alignment on that relationship.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors develop and test hypotheses through partial least squares path modeling to analyze data from the Sixth International Manufacturing Strategy Survey, involving 931 manufacturers in 22 countries.

Findings
The results indicate that customization strategy intensity is positively associated with the offering of basic and advanced services; these relationships are not moderated by customization strategy alignment.

Practical implications
Manufacturers pursuing product customization strategies may be especially well positioned to servitize, even those with misalignment in strategic choices. Paradoxically, while manufacturers of standard products might look at servitization as an attractive strategy to differentiate their value proposition, they appear to be less servitized than manufacturers pursuing product customization.

Originality/value
This is one of the first studies to examine how manufacturing strategy choices (intensity and alignment) influence the adoption of servitization strategies. The study introduces manufacturing strategy as a contingency factor that influences the adoption of servitization, answering calls for the study of servitization contingencies.
Representative bureaucracy in the Arab Gulf states
Authors: Kemp Linzi J. , Mathias Megan , Raji Maryam 
Published: October 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to apply the lens of representative bureaucracy (RB) to women’s representation at management level in governments and government-owned companies in Arab Gulf states (AGS), and to consider the implications for government stability, legitimacy and performance.Design/methodology/approachData were analysed of the numbers of men and women in management positions (8,936), of government and government-owned companies (846), for the six countries of the AGS. Analyses were conducted on the presence/absence of women in management for ten industry types.FindingsGovernments and government-owned companies in the AGS were identified as hybrid (public/private) institutions. Women were found to be underrepresented at management levels in public sector bureaucracy; women clustered in a narrow range of industries; all countries returned a high result of zero female managers in these industries.Research limitations/implicationsThis research is limited by data collected from a single source, “Eikon”, which is a commercial database. The implication of these results is a benchmark for future studies on women’s representation at management level in governments and government-owned companies of Arab Gulf countries.Practical implicationsThe practical implication of this study is for concerted government intervention to address gender inequality in management of governments and government-owned companies across the AGS.Originality/valueThis is the first study of RB in AGS and extends the theory of RB to a new geographical and cultural context. There is value in application of RB to government and government-owned companies as a regional form of hybrid public–private organisation.
The relationship between internal integration and manufacturing flexibility in the Egyptian industry
Authors: Khalaf Magdy A. , El Mokadem Mohamed Yehia 
Published: October 2018

Purpose
This paper aims to empirically investigate the triadic relationship between internal integration, internal flexibility and external flexibility.

Design/methodology/approach
This research hypothesized the mediation effect of internal flexibility on the relationship between internal integration and external flexibility. Survey data were collected and analyzed using simple and mediation regression analysis to test the study hypotheses.

Findings
The research finding reveals that machine, labor and material handling flexibilities; being as internal flexibility dimensions mediate the relationship between internal integration and volume and mix flexibilities; being as external flexibility dimensions. The results provided insufficient evidence on the mediating effect of routing flexibility on the relationship between internal integration and both volume and mix flexibilities.

Research limitations/implications
This research presents a new perspective for research studies to understand the factors that affect manufacturing flexibility. However, the nature of the surveyed sample and using of a single informant might limit the generalizability of the research findings.

Practical implications
This study provides useful insights for firms wishing to enhance their competitiveness through improving their flexibility. The companies should be aware of the importance of developing a suitable platform for coordinating inter-departmental activities to enhance its internal competencies, which, in turn, improve its customer-facing capabilities and boosts its competitiveness.

Originality/value
This paper contributes to knowledge by proposing and empirically testing the mediating effect of internal flexibility on the relationship between internal integration and external flexibility.