bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The (relative) insignificance of G revisited to include nanoparticles
Authors: Youn Sungmin , Lawler Desmond F. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe collision efficiency functions, α(i,j), of two colliding particles for the three operative transport mechanisms in flocculation (Brownian motion [Br], fluid shear [Sh], and differential sedimentation [DS]) were numerically calculated over a broad size range (including nanoparticles). All computations include the hydrodynamic force and van der Waals (vdW) attraction, while the effects of electrical double‐layer repulsive forces were investigated by their exclusion or inclusion. Flocculation of nanoparticles should be extremely rapid if they are uncharged but will be dramatically reduced when substantially charged. For small neutral particles, α(i,j) values could be greater than those obtained during Sh and DS as vdW attraction outweighs the (negative) hydrodynamic effects. Overall, the results confirm the findings of an earlier article, that Br is the dominant flocculation mechanism when at least one particle is small (<1 μm in diameter), Sh is only dominant when both particles are greater than 1 μm and the ratio of the two particle sizes is less than 10, and DS is dominant in all other cases. Flocculators should be operated with low‐velocity gradient (G) values (in the range of 10–20 s−1), with only sufficient mixing to keep particles in suspension, but proper particle destabilization is essential for effective flocculation.
Benefits of curcumin in brain disorders
Authors: Bhat Abid , Mahalakshmi Arehally M. , Ray Bipul , Tuladhar Sunanda , Hediyal Tousif A. , Manthiannem Esther , Padamati Jagadeeswari , Chandra Ramesh , Chidambaram Saravana B. , Sakharkar Meena K. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractCurcumin is widely consumed in Asia either as turmeric directly or as one of the culinary ingredients in food recipes. The benefits of curcumin in different organ systems have been reported extensively in several neurological diseases and cancer. Curcumin has got its global recognition because of its strong antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory, anti‐cancer, and antimicrobial activities. Additionally, it is used in diabetes and arthritis as well as in hepatic, renal, and cardiovascular diseases. Recently, there is growing attention on usage of curcumin to prevent or delay the onset of neurodegenerative diseases. This review summarizes available data from several recent studies on curcumin in various neurological diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Multiple Sclerosis, Huntington's disease, Prions disease, stroke, Down's syndrome, autism, Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, anxiety, depression, and aging. Recent advancements toward increasing the therapeutic efficacy of curcuma/curcumin formulation and the novel delivery strategies employed to overcome its minimal bioavailability and toxicity studies have also been discussed. This review also summarizes the ongoing clinical trials on curcumin for different neurodegenerative diseases and patent details of curcuma/curcumin in India.
The effect of regional factors in the development of eco‐innovations in the firm
Authors: Arranz Nieves , F. Arroyabe Carlos , Fernandez de Arroyabe Juan Carlos 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThis research addresses the study of the effect of regional factors in the development of eco‐innovations in the firm. We assume the hypothesis of regional heterogeneity, that is, geographical factors and the regional heterogeneity play an important role in determining the innovations in the firms. In this line, we will approach our study from the perspective of regional innovation systems (RISs). Therefore, our research question involves the evaluation of regional factors as determinants of eco‐innovation developing in the firm. To examine these questions, the PITEC database that covers the period 2011–2013 was used. Overall, 5,461 firms have been employed for the ordinal logit regression model. This research contributes to the studies of eco‐innovation, extending the investigation into drivers of eco‐innovation, and highlights the impact that RIS has on the eco‐innovative development in the firm. We find that regional interaction and regional characteristics are key elements for the development of eco‐innovation in firms. Thus, the density of companies in the region, the regional per capita income, and the existence of financing mechanisms are key elements for the eco‐innovative development in the firm.
Identifying and developing therapeutic principles for trauma‐focused work in person‐centred and emotion‐focused therapies
Authors: Murphy David , Elliott Robert , Carrick Lorna 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this research was to identify facilitative therapeutic principles in person‐centred and emotion‐focused therapy for working with traumatised clients in the early stages of therapy.MethodsFour cases were selected from the Strathclyde Experiential Therapy for Social Anxiety archive: one good and one poor outcome case from each therapeutic approach. Outcomes were considered good and poor based on quantitative outcome measures. Each case met DSM‐IV‐TR diagnostic criteria for both PTSD and social anxiety. We developed a new method for the identification of therapeutic principles that offers an alternative to current approaches to competency identification. Our method uses a qualitative, bottom‐up inductive process analysis. The first three sessions from each case were transcribed and independently analysed by two researchers (one blinded to the outcomes); the third researcher acted as consultant. The transcripts were analysed by focusing on session episode structure and treatment principles.FindingsFour trauma‐focused therapist principles were identified: (a) support early relationship building/alliance formation; (b) facilitate client identification and recognition of past events as trauma experiences; (c) facilitate work on traumatic sources of current experiential and interpersonal difficulties; and (d) offer self‐agency focused empathy.ConclusionsWe conclude that our approach identifies and provides a new method for establishing person‐centred experiential therapy principles for early trauma‐focused work. Further research is recommended, and limitations are discussed.
The massacre mentality and school rampage shootings in the United States: Separating culture from psychopathology
Authors: Whaley Arthur L. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractSchool rampage shootings in the United States are becoming a common occurrence. The purpose of this article is place school rampage shooting in a broader cultural context. Specifically, in this article, I introduce the concept of the “massacre mentality” as a cultural manifestation of western and southern U.S. values. The massacre mentality is a state of mind in which the individual feels justified in committing indiscriminate killings in defence of honour, protection of property, assurance of absolute personal safety, or the elimination of challenges to the “natural order” from the perspective of the offender. A review of the social psychological literature will contrast the massacre mentality with related concepts of “culture of honour” and “sanctioned massacre.” The relationship between street violence, another major form of violence, and the massacre mentality is also addressed. A cultural analysis suggests that interactions between individual psychology in the form of U.S. regional values and sociocultural context of schools contribute to school rampage shootings more often than mental illness. The prevention of school rampage shootings will require the identification of students predisposed to adopt the values contributing to the massacre mentality and challenging social hierarchies by restructuring the context of schools, as well as changing cultural norms in the broader society. The ultimate goal is to create a U.S. culture where the massacre mentality is obsolete.
Diverse community contexts and community resources for sexual and gender minority youth: A mixed‐methods study
Authors: Paceley Megan S. , Fish Jessica N. , Conrad Aaron , Schuetz Nikolaus 
Published: June 2019

AbstractSexual and gender minority (SGM) youth face marginalization and oppression on the basis of their SGM identity, and they often lack traditional support systems to deal with these minority stressors. SGM community resources may alleviate the impact of the stressors that SGM youth face, but these have not been studied in relation to the size and climate of SGM youth's communities. This mixed‐methods study examined the relationship between community size and the climate toward SGM individuals and the availability and utilization of SGM community resources. Survey findings indicate that nonmetropolitan communities were associated with less availability and utilization; hostile communities were associated with lower availability only. Interview findings reveal nuanced complexities on the relationship between community and resource provision. Implications for future research and community practice are discussed.
Considerations of Trends in Heterogeneous Photocatalysis. Correlations between Conduction and Valence Band Energies with Bandgap Energies of Various Photocatalysts
Authors: Shtarev Dmitry S. , Shtareva Anna V. , Ryabchuk Vladimir K. , Rudakova Aida V. , Serpone Nick 
Published: June 2019

AbstractA principal objective of our work was to illustrate the existence of unknown trends in the ECB=f(Ebg) and the EVB=f(Ebg) behavior for certain classes of compounds that also included a set of bismuthate photocatalysts; new trends may easily behiddenwithin more general trends. Indeed, when the data for the bismuthates are added to data related to novel visible‐light‐active (VLA) photocatalysts, the trend remains the same with high significance levels for the EVB=f(Ebg) linear correlation. Using well‐known data for complex (ternary) oxides, the search for new trends in the behavior of the ECB=f(Ebg) and the EVB=f(Ebg) dependences opens up the potential to develop new VLA photocatalysts. The feasibility of new desired trends can be estimateda prioriusing a modern theoretical analysis of the electronic structure of targeted semiconductors; note that new trends in the behavior of ECBand EVBversus bandgap energy EBGhave been established for CaBi6O10, Sr2Bi2O5, Sr3Bi2O6, and Sr6Bi2O11. We also re‐examined earlier symmetric‐type plots for a set consisting of a large number of simple (binary) and a set consisting of complex (ternary) metal oxides and find some significant differences. We herein report a novel trend in the empirical dependence of the energy positions of conduction bands (ECB) and valence bands (EVB) on bandgap energies (Ebg) for alkali earth metal bismuthate semiconductor photocatalysts for which we show that their dependences follow the linear functions ECB=A+BEbgand EVB=a+bEbg. However, contrary to earlier symmetric relationships of some metal oxides for whichA=a=1.23 eV,B=−0.5, andb=0.5 toward water splitting, the relationships found for the bismuthates show them to be asymmetric with negative slopes (B<0,b<0) and a converging pointA=a=4.5 eV. Also re‐examined are the earlier symmetric‐type plots for a set consisting of a large number of simple (binary) and a set consisting of complex (ternary) metal oxides and find some significant differences. Variations in both slopes (B<0 andb>0) and the converging point (1.4 eV<A=a<2.0 eV) is demonstrated. The photoactivity of some strontium bismuthates is predicted toward the photoelectrochemical reduction of CO2from the novel trend in behavior of their bands’ energy positions relative to their bandgap energies.
Copper‐Assisted Synthesis of Novel Pyrazolo[3,4‐d]thiazoles
Authors: Ostache Nicu‐Cosmin , Hiebel Marie‐Aude , Fînaru Adriana‐Luminiţa , Guillaumet Gérald , Suzenet Franck 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBased on both the chemical and the biological importance of the pyrazole and the thiazole backbones, we report herein a convenient design of new pyrazolo[3,4‐d]thiazoles for the development of molecules with a high therapeutic potential. The effective and appropriate strategy chosen consists of an intramolecular copper‐catalysed N‐arylation followed by the Liebeskind‐Srogl cross‐coupling reaction. The efficiency of copper and palladium catalysts for the first step of the synthesis was evaluated. These efforts allowed the synthesis of a variety of modulated heterobicycles.
The Influence of Size and Shape of Pd Nanoparticles on the Performances of Pd/Beta Catalysts for n‐Heptane Hydroisomerization
Authors: Chen Huimin , Liu Suyao , Yin Junqing , Gao Xiang , Tao Zhichao , Wu Baoshan , Xiang Hongwei , Yang Yong , Li Yongwang 
Published: June 2019

AbstractSeveral Pd/Beta catalysts with cubic (9 nm, 12 nm, 16 nm) and truncated‐octahedral (18 nm) Pd nanoparticles (NPs) were prepared to investigate the effect of size and shape of Pd NPs for n‐heptane hydroisomerization. Characterizations confirmed that the cubic Pd NPs solely exposed {100} crystal plane and truncated‐octahedral Pd NPs were enclosed by {100} and {111} crystal planes, and that the desorption temperature of subsurface hydrogen on Pd NPs showed size and shape dependence. Hydroisomerization results exhibits that the catalyst with 9 nm cubic Pd NPs displayed the higher isomers selectivity compared to the catalyst with 12 nm cubic NPs, 18 nm truncated octahedral NPs and 16 nm cubic NPs at similar conversion. This result suggested the size and shape dependence of (de)hydrogenation activity of Pd NPs, and further revealed the key role of subsurface hydrogen in determining the (de)hydrogenation activity.
Flow Pattern and Pressure Drop for Small Long‐Cylinder Cyclones Operating at High Flow Rates
Authors: Wang Dongshen , Zhao Bingtao , Su Yaxin 
Published: June 2019

AbstractTo address the gas flow pattern and pressure drop characteristics for small long‐cylinder cyclones (SLCCs) in the high operating flow rate range, experimental investigation and computational fluid dynamics (CFD)‐based simulation were performed. The pressure drop coefficient depends insignificantly on the Reynolds number at high flow rates. The tangential and axial velocities present the Rankine vortex and the roughly inverted V‐shaped distribution, respectively, similar to those in typical cyclones. The CFD simulation approximated well the experimental data of pressure drop. The pressure drop caused by vortex loss, turbulent energy loss, and resistance loss accounted for 72.5 % of the total pressure drop. The Stairmand model was found to be relatively accurate among the classical pressure drop models for the proposed cyclone. The results may help in the design and applications of cyclone separators and reactors.
Residential Energy Supply Concept with Integration of Renewable Energies and Energy Storage
Authors: Pauksztat Anja , Saliger Rainer , Boyanov Neven 
Published: June 2019

AbstractRenewable energies are gaining importance in urban management and in the planning of new residential and mixed‐use areas. Attention is also paid to self‐sufficiency, as the public electrical grid is strained through the integration of renewables. Here, an energy supply concept for an urban residential area in the planning phase is discussed to meet both economic and ecologic criteria. Based on the demand, different technical options are analyzed. The integration of renewables is coupled with energy storage to increase the self‐sufficiency of the residential area. The economic feasibility of the energy supply concept depends on the requirements to be met as well as the regulatory framework. With the currently available technology and the regulatory framework in place, self‐sufficiency and economic feasibility are opposing targets.
A SINS‐aided two‐step fast acquisition method for GNSS signal based on compressive sensing
Authors: Cheng Junbing , Li Dengao 
Published: June 2019

SummaryThe Global navigation satellite system (GNSS) multi‐mode compatible and multi‐frequency information not only improves information redundancy but also eliminates errors such as ionospheric delays to improve positioning performance. However, multi‐mode and multi‐frequency observation information increases the hardware overhead and computational complexity, especially the signal acquisition. In this contribution, according to the strong complementarity between GNSS and Strapdown inertial navigation system (SINS) and the sparsity of the GNSS signal spreading code in the autocorrelation domain, a SINS‐aided fast acquisition method for GNSS signals based on Compressive sensing (CS) is proposed. First, the inertia information of SINS narrows the Doppler frequency search range; then, the CS is applied to measure compressively the GNSS signal in two steps, ie, the first step is to narrow down the code phase search range, and the second step is to determine the code phase of the half chip accuracy. Finally, the proposed method and the other two typical acquisition methods are compared by the detection probability and the Mean acquisition time (MAT). Theoretical analysis and experimental results show that the proposed method can not only reduce the number of correlators and computational complexity but also improve the detection probability and reduce the MAT.
The role of networks and sustainable intrapreneurship as interactive drivers catalyzing the adoption of sustainable innovation
Authors: Pellegrini Chiara , Annunziata Eleonora , Rizzi Francesco , Frey Marco 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThis paper explores which are the drivers and their interactions that can lead organizations to adopt radical sustainable innovation (SI) in unfavorable contexts. We identify external and internal drivers of SI adoption, and we conceptualize sustainable intrapreneurship as an additional driver. We report and discuss the findings from a case study in the water sector based on interviews and secondary data collected among eleven water utilities in Israel, Italy, and Spain. We provide new insights on how interactions between external and internal drivers can generate dynamic cycles that gradually shift utilities from a reactive to an embedding and system change approach in adopting SI. Within this process, networks and sustainable intrapreneurship act as interactive drivers that catalyze internal and external drivers. The study links testable propositions in a conceptual model describing the dynamics triggering SI adoption and argues for the relevance of sustainable intrapreneurship for addressing the systemic nature, complexity, and ambiguity of SI adoption.
Visible‐Light Photocatalytic Reduction of CO2 to Formic Acid with a Ru Catalyst Supported by N,N′‐Bis(diphenylphosphino)‐2,6‐diaminopyridine Ligands
Authors: Hameed Yasmeen , Rao Gyandshwar Kumar , Ovens Jeffrey S. , Gabidullin Bulat , Richeson Darrin 
Published: June 2019

AbstractVisible‐light photocatalytic CO2 reduction is carried out by using a RuII complex supported by N,N′‐bis(diphenylphosphino)‐2,6‐diaminopyridine (“PNP”) ligands, an unprecedented molecular architecture for this reaction that breaks the longstanding domination of α‐diimine ligands. These competent catalysts transform CO2 into formic acid with high selectivity and turnover number. A proposed mechanism, with combined electron transfer and catalytic cycles, models the experimental rate of formic acid production.
Distribution of cervical lesions in young and older women
Authors: Díaz del Arco Cristina , Jiménez Ayala Beatriz , García Dolores , Sanabria Carmen , Fernández Aceñero Mª Jesús 
Published: June 2019

IntroductionAge range for cervical screening varies widely between countries. In addition, sexual behavior has changed, life expectancy is increasing, and new insights have been gained into the pathogenesis of HPV infection. Our aim is to evaluate the distribution of cervical lesions in young and older patients.MethodsReview of all cervical smears diagnosed in a public institution (2010‐2017) and a private institution (2016‐2017) in Madrid, Spain. We have included all women aged younger than 30 and older than 65 years with atypical smears (n = 1573).ResultsWomen younger than 30 years were diagnosed with ASCUS, ASC‐H, LSIL, and HSIL in 47%, 5.3%, 45.17%, and 2.6% of atypical cases, respectively. Women older than 65 years were diagnosed with ASCUS, ASC‐H, LSIL, HSIL, and SCC in 38%, 12.39%, 16.8%, 13.27%, and 19.5% of atypical cases, respectively. Medical records of patients from the public institution were reviewed. Of note, 76.3% of young women showed negative smears at follow‐up and 14.1% showed high‐grade dysplasia (HGD). Mean ages for low‐grade and HGD were 24.7 and 25.7 years, respectively. HGD was found in 37.9% of women with histological examination (33.5%). As for older patients, 25% of them had no Pap smears performed before age 65, and in 60% of the previously screened women, the screening program had not been used adequately. Mean age of first smear was 69.5 years. Carcinoma was subsequently detected in 20.7% of patients.ConclusionsCurrent guidelines seem to be adequately preventing carcinoma in young women. However, screening adherence should be encouraged to detect important lesions in both age groups, especially among older women.
Development of high‐frequency‐type MEMS ultrasonic array sensor using P(VDF/TrFE) thin films
Authors: Tanaka Tsunehisa , Murakami Shuichi , Uno Mayumi 
Published: June 2019

AbstractMEMS (microelectromechanical systems) ultrasonic array sensors were fabricated using the poly (vinylidene fluoride‐trifluoroethylene) [P(VDF/TrFE)] copolymer thin films having multilayer diaphragm structures. For an increased resonant frequency of sensor, we developed a new diaphragm structure. The resonant frequency and sensitivity of new MEMS ultrasonic array sensor was estimated to be on the order of 376 kHz and −75 dBV (1V/Pa = 0 dBV), respectively. This MEMS ultrasonic array sensor can be adapted for ultrasonic 3D imaging and nondestructive ultrasonic testing systems.