bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SOURCE-BASED WRITING AMONG UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS: PERSPECTIVE AND CHALLENGES
Authors: Ansas Velayeti Nurfitriana , Sukyadi Didi 
Published: March 2019

The level of scientific publications of Indonesian students at the international level is still very minimal. Even when compared to Malaysia and Thailand, Indonesia is still lagging behind. The Ministry of Research, Technology and Higher Education targets that in 2019 Indonesia will reach 30,000 international publications. Therefore, students' interest in writing must be increased, especially writing based on sources. Therefore, this study would like to find students' perspectives and perceived challenges in writing based on sources. This research was based on a case study. The research involved 68 students from one of the state universities in Bandung, and it analyzed 20 selected scientific papers written by students. The instruments for data collection included questionnaire and observation. The results of this study found that 59% of students perceived that writing scientific papers is very difficult. The students found it difficult to find suitable sources for writing material and develop their ideas. They tended to use articles as the sources from the internet whose originality is unclear. One reason this happens was because 80% of students did not know where to find or get indexed journals to use as references for their writing. In addition, many students also preferred not to use journals that were majorly English-based because of their limitation of English skills. The implication is that students should be given further understanding of how to access journals and use reference sources in writing. It is expected that every lecturer will give more source-based writing assignments so that the ability of students to write and develop ideas based on existing sources can be further improved.
Ecoaldeas en Colombia transitando hacia el buen vivir
Authors: Muñoz-Villarreal Erika Milena 
Published: March 2019

Se presenta una investigación cualitativa cuyo objetivo fue comprender cómo se expresa la relación Humanidad-Naturaleza en el movimiento ecoaldeano, teniendo como referente las ecoaldeas Anthakarana (Quindío) y Aldea Feliz (Cundinamarca) en Colombia. Para ello se realizó una indagación documental y un acercamiento empírico haciendo uso de métodos etnográficos que permitieron conocer la vida cotidiana, los saberes y las prácticas de estas comunidades. Se diseñó un ciclo de análisis e interpretación de acuerdo con el enfoque de estudio de casos en el que se utilizó la herramienta Atlas.ti El argumento principal de la tesis consiste en plantear que las ecoaldeas estudiadas vienen cocreando nuevos tipos de relación en la naturaleza , que pueden ser leídos como una transición de la ontología dual hacia una ontología relacional en la que se intenta superar la desconexión humanidad - naturaleza. Esta transición ontológica implica un ciclo de transformación individual, con otros humanos y seres, en el que se cocrean saberes, prácticas y valores frente a la vida. En este proceso, han acogido la categoría de Buen Vivir para guiar sus propósitos comunitarios y posibilidad de resignificar conocimientos
Online Collaboration between Arab and Jewish Students: Fear and Anxiety
Authors: Yazbak Abu Ahmad Manal , Hoter Elaine 
Published: March 2019

This study examines students in an online, collaborative, yearlong intercollege course. Arab and Jewish students from five colleges of education in Israel worked in virtual teams. The data includes pre and post questionnaires as well as open ended questions and ongoing reflective journals. The results of the t-test indicated that the perception of other participants in the group improved significantly among Jewish and Arab participants -4.38. This was backed up by the qualitative data. Initially, the students expressed apprehension towards working with people from the other culture and fear of leaving their comfort zone.
Intent to Breastfeed and Evaluation of Culturally Sensitive Education in a Migrant Pacific Islander Population
Authors: Scott Allison , Vowell-Johnson Kelly , Addington Cari , Adams Bentley Snider , Pennington Olivia 
Published: March 2019

BackgroundThe Marshallese, a Pacific Islander population, are a growing migrant population in the United States. Breastfeeding is the preferred method of infant feeding, but many cultural barriers deter exclusive breastfeeding. A culturally sensitive education intervention was implemented to meet the needs of the Marshallese population in a postpartum setting.ObjectiveThis study aimed to evaluate the impact of an education intervention, in native language, on breastfeeding rates among Marshallese mothers during hospitalization.MethodsThis quasi-experimental study was a retrospective data analysis of a quality improvement project in a hospital seeking Baby-Friendly status. Randomized record reviews of Marshallese mothers receiving the culturally targeted education (N= 40) between the ages of 18 and 45, delivering between 37 and 42 weeks gestation, were compared with mothers prior to implementation of the education (N= 40).ResultsBirthweight, discharge weight, and delivery method were not statistically different. No statistical difference existed between feeding intent and discharge feeding behavior.ConclusionExclusive breastfeeding rates among Marshallese mothers are lower than desired. Culturally appropriate breastfeeding education in a hospital setting may not affect feeding patterns, but clarification is needed on cultural definitions of exclusive breastfeeding. Further studies are needed.
Impact of local climate change on drinking water quality in a distribution system
Authors: Kimbrough David Eugene 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
In this study, air temperatures were collected between 1985 and 2016 and compared with water temperatures in four locations in the distribution system of Pasadena Water and Power (PWP), which received surface water imported into Pasadena between 2001 and 2016 from the Metropolitan Water District. The concentrations of chloramine residual and nitrite concentrations were collected between 2001 and 2016 from these five locations. The results indicate that the median nighttime temperature of the period 2009–2016 was 1.6 °C warmer than the period 1985–2000 and 0.5 °C warmer than the period 2001–2008. The median water temperature in the four distribution system samples increased by 0.8–1.4 °C depending on the location over the study period (p &lt; 0.001). The median chloramine concentration fell significantly (p &lt; 0.001) at three distribution system locations, and the nitrite concentrations increased significantly at all four distribution system locations (p &lt; 0.001). As air temperature in the study area increased, water temperatures also increased resulting in the loss of disinfectant residual and the increase in the activity of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria. As this represented an increased risk to public health, PWP took additional steps to increase disinfectant residuals by adding chlorine and flushing stale water. In localities where climate change is most measurable, local water purveyors must adapt to warmer water to ensure stable concentrations of disinfectants.
This article has been made Open Access thanks to the kind support of CAWQ/ACQE (https://www.cawq.ca).
Serum Thiol-Disulphide Levels in Epileptic Pediatric Patients
Authors: Halil Halit , Tuygun Nilden , Aksoy Erhan , Erel Ozcan , Karacan Can Demir 
Published: March 2019

Background:
Epilepsy is a serious clinical condition characterized by recurrent seizures.
Oxidative stress plays an important role in the etio-pathogenesis of epilepsy. Measurements of
serum thiol and disulfide levels were used to evaluate the antioxidant status of the body.

Objective:
The aim of this study was to determine serum levels of thiol and disulfide in epileptic
pediatric patients.

Methods:
Ninety patients, 54 epilepsy and 36 controls were included in the study. Serum levels of
native thiol total thiol and disulfide were measured and disulfide/native, disulfide / total thiol and
native thiol/ total thiol ratios were calculated. Hence, the ratios of disulfide/ native thiol, disulfide /
total thiol and native thiol/ total thiol were calculated.

Results:
Serum levels of native thiol, total thiol and disulfide were significantly lower in the
epilepsy group than the control group. The ratio of disulfide/native thiol and disulfide / total thiol
were significantly higher in the study group than the control group. As well as, the native thiol /
total thiol ratio was lower in the epilepsy group than the control group. Native thiol, total thiol and
disulfide were significantly lower in the epilepsy group who were taking anti-epileptic drugs than
those who were not taking anti-epileptic drugs.

Conclusion:
We demonstrated a meaningful relationship between oxidative stress markers and
epilepsy in pediatric patients.
Stew in its Own Juice: Protein Homeostasis Machinery Inhibition Reduces Cell Viability in Multiple Myeloma Cell Lines
Authors: de Oliveira Mariana B. , Sanson Luiz F.G. , Eugenio Angela I.P. , Barbosa-Dantas Rebecca S.S. , Colleoni Gisele W.B. 
Published: March 2019

Introduction:Multiple myeloma (MM) cells accumulate in the bone marrow and produce enormous quantities of immunoglobulins, causing endoplasmatic reticulum stress and activation of protein handling machinery, such as heat shock protein response, autophagy and unfolded protein response (UPR).Methods:We evaluated cell lines viability after treatment with bortezomib (B) in combination with HSP70 (VER-15508) and autophagy (SBI-0206965) or UPR (STF- 083010) inhibitors.Results:For RPMI-8226, after 72 hours of treatment with B+VER+STF or B+VER+SBI, we observed 15% of viable cells, but treatment with B alone was better (90% of cell death). For U266, treatment with B+VER+STF or with B+VER+SBI for 72 hours resulted in 20% of cell viability and both treatments were better than treatment with B alone (40% of cell death). After both triplet combinations, RPMI-8226 and U266 presented the overexpression of XBP-1 UPR protein, suggesting that it is acting as a compensatory mechanism, in an attempt of the cell to handle the otherwise lethal large amount of immunoglobulin overload.Conclusion:Our in vitro results provide additional evidence that combinations of protein homeostasis inhibitors might be explored as treatment options for MM.
Tryptanthrin Analogues as Inhibitors of Enoyl-acyl Carrier Protein Reductase: Activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Toxicity, Modeling of Enzyme Binding
Authors: Duca Gheorghe , Pogrebnoi Serghei , Boldescu Veaceslav , Aksakal Fatma , Uncu Andrei , Valica Vladimir , Uncu Livia , Negres Simona , Nicolescu Florica , Macaev Fliur 
Published: March 2019

Background:
High numbers of infection with resistant forms of Micobacterium tuberculosis
(Mtb) contribute to a constant growing demand in new highly active and effective therapeutics. Current
drug discovery efforts directed towards new antituberculosis agents include the development of new inhibitors
of enoyl-acyl carrier protein reductase (InhA) that do not require activation by the specific enzymes.
Tryptanthrin is a known inhibitor of Mtb InhA and its analogues are investigated as potential
agents with antimycobacterial efficiency.

Objective:
The main objective of the presented research was to develop a new group of tryptanthrin analogues
with good inhibition properties against Mtb.

Methods:
Synthesis of new derivatives of 5H-[1,3,4]thiadiazolo[2,3- b]quinazolin-5-one and evaluation
of their activity against Mtb, as well as acute and chronic toxicity studies were carried out. Molecular
modeling studies were performed to investigate the binding mechanisms of the synthesized ligands with
InhA. Binding energies and non-covalent interactions stabilizing the ligand-receptor complexes were
obtained from the results of molecular docking.

Results:
The most active compound in the obtained series, 2-(propylthio)-5H-[1,3,4]thiadiazolo[2,3-
b]quinazolin-5-one, exhibited the superior inhibition activity (up to 100%) against mycobacterial growth
at MIC 6.5 µg/mL, showed good affinity to the InhA enzyme in docking studies and demonstrated a
very low per oral toxicity in animals falling under the category 5 according to GHS classification.

Conclusions:
2-(propylthio)-5H-[1,3,4]thiadiazolo[2,3-b]quinazolin-5-one can be further explored for
the development of a new series of compounds active against Mtb.
Synthesis, Screening and Docking Analysis of Hispolon Pyrazoles and Isoxazoles as Potential Antitubercular Agents
Authors: Balaji Neduri V. , HariBabu Bollikolla , Rao Vanga U. , Subbaraju Gottumukkala V. , Nagasree Kurre P. , Kumar Muthyala M.K. 
Published: March 2019

Background:Hispolons are natural products known to possess cytoprotective, antioxidant and anti-cancer activities. We have found recently anti TB activity in these compounds. Efforts were made to optimize the structure with bioisosteric replacement of 1,3-diketo functional group with the corresponding pyrazole and isoxazole moieties.Objective:The goal of this paper is designing new hispolon isoxazole and pyrazole and the evaluation of their biological activities.Methods:The designed compounds were prepared using classical organic synthesis methods. The anti- TB activity was evaluated using the MABA method.Results:A total of 44 compounds were synthesized (1a- 1v and 2a-2v) and screened for anti TB activity and antibacterial activity. The compounds 1b and 1n showed the highest potency with MIC 1.6µg/mL against M. tuberculosis H37Rv.Conclusion:Bioisosteric replacement of 1,3-diketo functional group in hispolons with pyrazole or isoxazole rings have resulted in potent anti TB molecules. Docking simulations of these compounds on mtFabH enzyme resulted in a clear understanding of bioactivity profiles of these compounds. Docking scores are in good agreement with the anti TB activity obtained for these compounds. Computational studies and in vitro screening results indicate mtFabH as the probable target of these compounds.
A Sensitive Chromatographic Method for Hyaluronate Quantification Applied to Analyze the Desorption Behavior on Contact Lenses
Authors: Chang Wan-Hsin , Liu Pei-Yi , Jiang Yuan-Ting , Hsu Yuan-Hao Howard 
Published: March 2019

Background:Sodium hyaluronate (NaHA) is generally supplemented in products related to contact lenses for increasing comfort during wearing. The quantity of sodium hyaluronate and the material of lenses affect the retention of sodium hyaluronate on the contact lenses.Methods:We developed a convenient and sensitive but unconventional chromatographic method to quantify sodium hyaluronate and analyze its release behavior from contact lenses. The reverse-phase chromatography eluted sodium hyaluronate with high molecular masses in the shortest time and could separate salt and small compounds from sodium hyaluronate.Results:This method could accurately quantify sodium hyaluronate with diverse molecular sizes. Because sodium hyaluronate was eluted in a narrow time frame, sensitivity was significantly enhanced, and the limit of detection of this method was 0.45 μg/mL. According to this quantitation method, the attached quantity of sodium hyaluronate is related to the water content of the material. Furthermore, a material test indicated that the release efficiency of sodium hyaluronate depends on the material of lenses. Nonionic Polymacon had a longer half-life in the sodium hyaluronate release curve than negative Methafilcon A and silicone hydrogel.Conclusion:This hyaluronate quantification method is a fast, sensitive and accurate method, making it suitable for the in vitro hyaluronate research without further derivatization.
Units and Methods of Proteolytic Activity Determination
Authors: Rawski Rafał Ireneusz , Sanecki Przemysław Tomasz , Kalembkiewicz Jan 
Published: March 2019

Background:In order to organize and give a better understanding of the existing population of protease activity units together with their respective methods of enzymatic activity assessment, there is a need of their clear classification system.Results and Conclusion:The following system has been proposed: Enzyme Centered Units (ECU) equivalent to Enzyme Process Unit notation; Protein Centered Units (PCU) equivalent to Protein Process Unit notation; Legal Authority and Enzyme Centered Units (LAECU) equivalent to Enzyme Centered Units system additionally related to a legal authority or an organization. The suitable ways for the mutual conversion of commonly used units and their conversion into the standard SI units have been included. A convenient gravity/spectrophotometer test of proteolytic activity with the use of three protein types has also been proposed. The test gives high degree of confidence of the experimental determination for a wide spectrum of protease activity in samples of plant origin. The whole paper allows both theoretical and practical orientation in the range of different proteolytic activity units as well as in the methods of their determination.
Non-uremic Calciphylaxis: A Rare and Late Adverse Reaction of Warfarin
Authors: Patel Dhruvkumar M. , Patel Mukundkumar V. , Patel Akash D. , Kaklotar Jignesh C. , Patel Greshaben R. , Patel Maitri M. 
Published: March 2019

Background:Calciphylaxis is a complex dermatological lesion of micro vascular calcification that is typically presented as panniculitis with gangrenous painful lesions having uremic and non-uremic causes.Case Report:We present a case of a 48-year old male with a history of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation and hypertension taking amlodipine 5 mg and warfarin 5 mg daily for the last 26 months. The patient had a 6- months history of painful swelling followed by necrotic skin ulcer over the right leg. His remarkable examination findings were right leg tender ulcer with surrounding erythema and secondary sepsis. His hemogram, metabolic profile and connective tissue diseases work up were unremarkable except leucocytosis and raised inflammatory markers. His local part radiological and skin biopsy findings were suggestive of calciphylaxis.Results and Conclusion:In our case, warfarin and amlodipine were culprit drugs for the lesion, but Naranjo score (warfarin 7and amlodipine 1) speculate warfarin as a probable adverse reaction of warfarin. The lesion was cured with local wound treatment after discontinuation of warfarin. The physician should be aware of this rare cutaneous disorder of systemic origin for proper management.
Lead Optimization Resources in Drug Discovery for Diabetes
Authors: Tiwari Pragya , Katyal Ashish , Khan Mohd F. , Ashraf Ghulam Md. , Ahmad Khurshid 
Published: March 2019

Background:Diabetes, defined as a chronic metabolic syndrome, exhibits global prevalence and phenomenal rise worldwide. The rising incidence accounts for a global health crisis, demonstrating a profound effect on low and middle-income countries, particularly people with limited healthcare facilities.Methods:Highlighting the prevalence of diabetes and its socio-economic implications on the population across the globe, the article aimed to address the emerging significance of computational biology in drug designing and development, pertaining to identification and validation of lead molecules for diabetes treatment.Results:The drug discovery programs have shifted the focus on in silico prediction strategies minimizing prolonged clinical trials and expenses. Despite technological advances and effective drug therapies, the fight against life-threatening, disabling disease has witnessed multiple challenges. The lead optimization resources in computational biology have transformed the research on the identification and optimization of anti-diabetic lead molecules in drug discovery studies. The QSAR approaches and ADMET/Toxicity parameters provide significant evaluation of prospective “drug-like” molecules from natural sources.Conclusion:The science of computational biology has facilitated the drug discovery and development studies and the available data may be utilized in a rational construction of a drug ‘blueprint’ for a particular individual based on the genetic organization. The identification of natural products possessing bioactive properties as well as their scientific validation is an emerging prospective approach in antidiabetic drug discovery.
Insights into the Role of DNA Methylation and Protein Misfolding in Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Ahmed Sara M. , Johar Dina , Ali Mohamed Medhat , El-Badri Nagwa 
Published: March 2019

Background:
Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder that is characterized by impaired
glucose tolerance resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. Epigenetic modifications,
which are defined as inherited changes in gene expression that occur without changes in gene
sequence, are involved in the etiology of diabetes.

Methods:
In this review, we focused on the role of DNA methylation and protein misfolding and their
contribution to the development of both type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Results:
Changes in DNA methylation in particular are highly associated with the development of
diabetes. Protein function is dependent on their proper folding in the endoplasmic reticulum. Defective
protein folding and consequently their functions have also been reported to play a role. Early treatment
of diabetes has proven to be of great benefit, as even transient hyperglycemia may lead to pathological
effects and complications later on. This has been explained by the theory of the development of a
metabolic memory in diabetes. The basis for this metabolic memory was attributed to oxidative stress,
chronic inflammation, non-enzymatic glycation of proteins and importantly, epigenetic changes. This
highlights the importance of linking new therapeutics targeting epigenetic mechanisms with traditional
antidiabetic drugs.

Conclusion:
Although new data is evolving on the relation between DNA methylation, protein misfolding,
and the etiology of diabetes, more studies are required for developing new relevant diagnostics
and therapeutics.