(102) LED 3-D SCAN TECHNOLOGY FOR COMPLEX PENILE DEFORMITY DOCUMENTATION – PROOF OF CONCEPT STUDY
Authors: Chiesa Nascimento B , Rossetti C , Vasconcelos Sanvido L , Da Costa Moraes C , De Carvalhos Barros I , Bessa Jr. J , C Nahas W , Hallak J , Mulhall J , Gomes C 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Cases of Peyronie’s Disease (PD) with complex deformities are challenging to report, due to its three-dimensional (3D) nature and the possible presence of volume-loss deformities (VLD). 3-D technology holds the potential to improve objective documentation. Different technologies have been shown feasible yet none has been generally adopted as a research tool or incorporated in clinical practice.

Objective
To evaluate the feasibility of reporting different penile deformities using a portable 3D scanner with LED light technology and its accuracy in quantifying penile deformity.

Methods
Printed 3D models of different penile deformities with known measures were utilized to test the adequacy of a handheld portable infrared VCSEL structured light technology scanner, the Einstar 3D Scanner ® (Hangzhou, China). A reverse engineering tool (Geomagic Design X, 3D Systems Inc., Rock Hill, EUA) was utilized to geometrize meshes displaying their central tendency axis (Fig. 1). Human-generated measurement (using a goniometer and acquired 3D image) were performed and included in the analysis. The manufactured 3D-printed resin models were created based on previous penises 3-D reconstruction generated through photogrammetry during induced erection and later molded by a 3D team. Girth measurements using software tools in 3 different areas (of each model were compared to manually measured circumference from a resin printed 3D mode. Absolute and percentage error for each measurement is reported, with reference being the manufactured 3D angle for curvature and manual measure for girth.

Results
The 3D reconstruction was possible in the first attempt for all models in this proof-of-concept study. The steps for the scans were similarly undertaken: a first pass over the model, during which the software communicated if the scan was effective through a color scale. The 3D image quality was good and promptly visible after image capture interruption (in seconds) (Fig. 2). A supplemental scan focusing on the indicated areas with missing mesh was performed. Measurements and time to capture images are displayed in Table 1. Volume loss deformity was visible since the first pass (Fig. 2). Generated software measurements (Fig. 2) and others are reported in Table 1) Software angle measurements had a mean absolute error of 5.43° (SD: ±4°) and a percentage error of 8.5%. Software girth measurements had a mean absolute error of 5 mm (SD: ±6.4).

Conclusions
Quick and accurate 3D reconstruction was possible using portable 3D infra-red LED technology. This documentation allowed the identification of dorsal indentation and accurate curvature description. Future work should investigate clinical applicability. However, some characteristics of the described technology appear promising to overcome challenges for 3D implementation both in research and clinical settings.

Disclosure
No.