bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of mobile cooperation intervention on students’ clinical learning outcomes: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Strandell‐Laine Camilla , Saarikoski Mikko , Löyttyniemi Eliisa , Meretoja Riitta , Salminen Leena , Leino‐Kilpi Helena 
Published: February 2018

AbstractAimsThe aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the mobile cooperation intervention in improving the competence and self‐efficacy of students and the quality of the clinical learning environment.BackgroundFor students, the clinical practicum is challenging as such and moreover the student — teacher cooperation, which supports the clinical learning of the students, has become complicated. Mobile applications have potential but their role in facilitating this cooperation remains unknown.DesignA parallel‐group randomized controlled trial.MethodsData were collected between January–March 2015 in Finland. The nursing students were randomly allocated to an intervention group (N = 52) or control group (N = 50). The intervention group used a mobile application to cooperate with the teacher during the clinical practicum. The control group engaged in standard cooperation. The primary outcome was competence. The secondary outcomes comprised self‐efficacy and the quality of the clinical learning environment. Nurse Competence Scale, Self‐efficacy in Clinical Performance instrument and the Clinical Learning Environment, Supervision and Nurse Teacher scale were used for student self‐assessments. For the main analysis, hierarchical linear mixed models were used with the intention‐to‐treat principle.ResultsCompetence and self‐efficacy showed no significant between‐group differences in mean improvements, but significant improvements in both groups were detected over the 5 weeks. Satisfaction with the clinical learning environment showed no significant between‐group differences, however, the role of the nurse teacher subscale, especially regarding cooperation, showed significant group differences.ConclusionThe mobile cooperation intervention was not significantly effective in improving individual outcomes, but did seem to improve significantly some aspects of the contextual outcomes.Trial registration number: ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02635295.
Construct validity of the Heart Failure Screening Tool (Heart‐FaST) to identify heart failure patients at risk of poor self‐care: Rasch analysis
Authors: Reynolds Nicholas A. , Ski Chantal F. , McEvedy Samantha M. , Thompson David R. , Cameron Jan 
Published: February 2018

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to psychometrically evaluate the Heart Failure Screening Tool (Heart‐FaST) via: (1) examination of internal construct validity; (2) testing of scale function in accordance with design; and (3) recommendation for change/s, if items are not well adjusted, to improve psychometric credential.BackgroundSelf‐care is vital to the management of heart failure. The Heart‐FaST may provide a prospective assessment of risk, regarding the likelihood that patients with heart failure will engage in self‐care.DesignPsychometric validation of the Heart‐FaST using Rasch analysis.MethodThe Heart‐FaST was administered to 135 patients (median age = 68, IQR = 59–78 years; 105 males) enrolled in a multidisciplinary heart failure management program. The Heart‐FaST is a nurse‐administered tool for screening patients with HF at risk of poor self‐care. A Rasch analysis of responses was conducted which tested data against Rasch model expectations, including whether items serve as unbiased, non‐redundant indicators of risk and measure a single construct and that rating scales operate as intended.ResultsThe results showed that data met Rasch model expectations after rescoring or deleting items due to poor discrimination, disordered thresholds, differential item functioning, or response dependence. There was no evidence of multidimensionality which supports the use of total scores from Heart‐FaST as indicators of risk.ConclusionAggregate scores from this modified screening tool rank heart failure patients according to their “risk of poor self‐care” demonstrating that the Heart‐FaST items constitute a meaningful scale to identify heart failure patients at risk of poor engagement in heart failure self‐care.
Nurses' beliefs about nursing diagnosis: A study with cluster analysis
Authors: D'Agostino Fabio , Pancani Luca , Romero‐Sánchez José Manuel , Lumillo‐Gutierrez Iris , Paloma‐Castro Olga , Vellone Ercole , Alvaro Rosaria 
Published: February 2018

AbstractAims

To identify clusters of nurses in relation to their beliefs about nursing diagnosis among two populations (Italian and Spanish);

to investigate differences among clusters of nurses in each population considering the nurses' socio‐demographic data, attitudes towards nursing diagnosis, intentions to make nursing diagnosis and actual behaviours in making nursing diagnosis.

BackgroundNurses' beliefs concerning nursing diagnosis can influence its use in practice but this is still unclear.DesignA cross‐sectional design.MethodsA convenience sample of nurses in Italy and Spain was enrolled. Data were collected between 2014‐2015 using tools, that is, a socio‐demographic questionnaire and behavioural, normative and control beliefs, attitudes, intentions and behaviours scales.ResultsThe sample included 499 nurses (272 Italians & 227 Spanish). Of these, 66.5% of the Italian and 90.7% of the Spanish sample were female. The mean age was 36.5 and 45.2 years old in the Italian and Spanish sample respectively. Six clusters of nurses were identified in Spain and four in Italy. Three clusters were similar among the two populations. Similar significant associations between age, years of work, attitudes towards nursing diagnosis, intentions to make nursing diagnosis and behaviours in making nursing diagnosis and cluster membership in each population were identified.ConclusionBelief profiles identified unique subsets of nurses that have distinct characteristics. Categorizing nurses by belief patterns may help administrators and educators to tailor interventions aimed at improving nursing diagnosis use in practice.
Loneliness in people with intellectual and developmental disorders across the lifespan: A systematic review of prevalence and interventions
Authors: Alexandra Petroutsou , Angela Hassiotis , Ali Afia 
Published: February 2018

BackgroundThe aim of the study was to conduct the first systematic review investigating the prevalence of loneliness in people with intellectual developmental disabilities (IDD) and the interventions targeting loneliness.MethodA search across five databases was conducted (May 2016–June 2016). One reviewer (A. P.) selected the articles for inclusion and assessed their risk of bias using a standardized tool. The second reviewer (A. H.) examined the list of included/excluded articles and the ratings of the studies.ResultsFive prevalence studies met the inclusion criteria and provided an average loneliness prevalence of 44.74%. Only one intervention study was included, and it demonstrated that there was not any significant group difference for loneliness outcomes (p = .21). The majority of the studies had a weak quality rating.ConclusionThe systematic review evidenced that loneliness is a common experience in people with IDD and there is a need to extend current research.
A novel susceptibility locus in MST1 and gene‐gene interaction network for Crohn's disease in the Chinese population
Authors: Wu William K.K. , Sun Rui , Zuo Tao , Tian Yuanyuan , Zeng Zhirong , Ho Jeffery , Wu Justin C.Y. , Chan Francis K.L. , Chan Matthew T.V. , Yu Jun , Sung Joseph J.Y. , Wong Sunny H. , Wang Maggie H. , Ng Siew C. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThe incidence of Crohn's disease is increasing in many Asian countries, but considerable differences in genetic susceptibility have been reported between Western and Asian populations. This study aimed to fine‐map 23 previously reported Crohn's disease genes and identify their interactions in the Chinese population by Illumina‐based targeted capture sequencing. Our results showed that the genetic polymorphism A>G at rs144982232 in MST1 showed the most significant association (P = 1.78 × 10−5; odds ratio = 4.87). JAK2 rs1159782 (T>C) was also strongly associated with Crohn's disease (P = 2.34 × 10−4; odds ratio = 3.72). Gene‐gene interaction analysis revealed significant interactions between MST1 and other susceptibility genes, including NOD2, MUC19 and ATG16L1 in contributing to Crohn's disease risk. Main genetic associations and gene‐gene interactions were verified using ImmunoChip data set. In conclusion, a novel susceptibility locus in MST1 was identified. Our analysis suggests that MST1 might interact with key susceptibility genes involved in autophagy and bacterial recognition. These findings provide insight into the genetic architecture of Crohn's disease in Chinese and may partially explain the disparity of genetic signals in Crohn's disease susceptibility across different ethnic populations by highlighting the contribution of gene‐gene interactions.
Cross‐sectional serum metabolomic study of multiple forms of muscular dystrophy
Authors: Spitali Pietro , Hettne Kristina , Tsonaka Roula , Sabir Ekrem , Seyer Alexandre , Hemerik Jesse B.A. , Goeman Jelle J. , Picillo Esther , Ergoli Manuela , Politano Luisa , Aartsma‐Rus Annemieke 
Published: February 2018

AbstractMuscular dystrophies are characterized by a progressive loss of muscle tissue and/or muscle function. While metabolic alterations have been described in patients’‐derived muscle biopsies, non‐invasive readouts able to describe these alterations are needed in order to objectively monitor muscle condition and response to treatment targeting metabolic abnormalities. We used a metabolomic approach to study metabolites concentration in serum of patients affected by multiple forms of muscular dystrophy such as Duchenne and Becker muscular dystrophies, limb‐girdle muscular dystrophies type 2A and 2B, myotonic dystrophy type 1 and facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy. We show that 15 metabolites involved in energy production, amino acid metabolism, testosterone metabolism and response to treatment with glucocorticoids were differentially expressed between healthy controls and Duchenne patients. Five metabolites were also able to discriminate other forms of muscular dystrophy. In particular, creatinine and the creatine/creatinine ratio were significantly associated with Duchenne patients performance as assessed by the 6‐minute walk test and north star ambulatory assessment. The obtained results provide evidence that metabolomics analysis of serum samples can provide useful information regarding muscle condition and response to treatment, such as to glucocorticoids treatment.
AZD1208, a pan‐Pim kinase inhibitor, inhibits adipogenesis and induces lipolysis in 3T3‐L1 adipocytes
Authors: Park Yu‐Kyoung , Obiang‐Obounou Brice Wilfried , Lee Kyung‐Bok , Choi Jong‐Soon , Jang Byeong‐Churl 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThe proviral integration moloney murine leukaemia virus (Pim) kinases, consisting of Pim‐1, Pim‐2 and Pim‐3, are involved in the control of cell growth, metabolism and differentiation. Pim kinases are emerging as important mediators of adipocyte differentiation. AZD1208 is a pan‐Pim kinase inhibitor and is known for its anti‐cancer activity. In this study, we investigated the effect of AZD1208 on adipogenesis and lipolysis in 3T3‐L1 cells, a murine preadipocyte cell line. AZD1208 markedly suppressed lipid accumulation and reduced triglyceride contents in differentiating 3T3‐L1 cells, suggesting the drug's anti‐adipogenic effect. On mechanistic levels, AZD1208 reduced not only the expressions of CCAAT/enhancer‐binding protein‐α (C/EBP‐α), peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor‐γ (PPAR‐γ), fatty acid synthase (FAS), acetyl‐CoA carboxylase (ACC) and perilipin A but also the phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription‐3 (STAT‐3) in differentiating 3T3‐L1 cells. Remarkably, AZD1208 increased cAMP‐activated protein kinase (AMPK) and LKB‐1 phosphorylation while decreased intracellular ATP contents in differentiating 3T3‐L1 cells. Furthermore, in differentiated 3T3‐L1 adipocytes, AZD1208 also partially promoted lipolysis and enhanced the phosphorylation of hormone‐sensitive lipase (HSL), a key lipolytic enzyme, indicating the drug's HSL‐dependent lipolysis. In summary, the findings show that AZD1208 has anti‐adipogenic and lipolytic effects on 3T3‐L1 adipocytes. These effects are mediated by the expression and/or phosphorylation levels of C/EBP‐α, PPAR‐γ, FAS, ACC, perilipin A, STAT‐3, AMPK and HSL.
Transcriptome analysis reveals TMPRSS6 isoforms with distinct functionalities
Authors: Dion Sébastien P. , Béliveau François , Désilets Antoine , Ghinet Mariana Gabriela , Leduc Richard 
Published: February 2018

AbstractTMPRSS6 (matriptase‐2) is a type II transmembrane serine protease involved in iron homoeostasis. At the cell surface of hepatocytes, TMPRSS6 cleaves haemojuvelin (HJV) and regulates the BMP/SMAD signalling pathway leading to production of hepcidin, a key regulator of iron absorption. Although four TMPRSS6 human isoforms and three mice Tmprss6 isoforms are annotated in databases (Ensembl and RefSeq), their relative expression or activity has not been studied. Analyses of RNA‐seq data and RT‐PCR from human tissues reveal that TMPRSS6 isoform 1 (TMPRSS6‐1) and 3 are mostly expressed in human testis while TMPRSS6‐2 and TMPRSS6‐4 are the main transcripts expressed in human liver, testis and pituitary. Furthermore, we confirm the existence and analyse the relative expression of three annotated mice Tmprss6 isoforms. Using heterologous expression in HEK293 and Hep3B cells, we show that all human TMPRSS6 isoforms reach the cell surface but only TMPRSS6‐1 undergoes internalization. Moreover, truncated TMPRSS6‐3 or catalytically altered TMPRSS6‐4 interact with HJV and prevent its cleavage by TMPRSS6‐2, suggesting their potential role as dominant negative isoforms. Taken together, our results highlight the importance of understanding the precise function of each TMPRSS6 isoforms both in human and in mouse.
Whole‐exome sequencing for diagnosis of hereditary ichthyosis
Authors: Sitek J.C. , Kulseth M.A. , Rypdal K.B. , Skodje T. , Sheng Y. , Retterstøl L. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractBackgroundHereditary ichthyosis constitutes a diverse group of cornification disorders. Identification of the molecular cause facilitates optimal patient care.ObjectiveWe wanted to estimate the diagnostic yield of applying whole‐exome sequencing (WES) in the routine genetic workup of inherited ichthyosis.MethodsDuring a 3‐year‐period, all ichthyosis patients, except X‐linked and mild vulgar ichthyosis, consecutively admitted to a university hospital clinic were offered WES with subsequent analysis of ichthyosis‐related genes as a first‐line genetic investigation. Clinical and molecular data have been collected retrospectively.ResultsGenetic variants causative for the ichthyosis were identified in 27 of 34 investigated patients (79.4%). In all, 31 causative mutations across 13 genes were disclosed, including 12 novel variants. TGM1 was the most frequently mutated gene, accounting for 43.7% of patients suffering from autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis (ARCI).ConclusionWhole‐exome sequencing appears an effective tool in disclosing the molecular cause of patients with hereditary ichthyosis seen in clinical practice and should be considered a first‐tier genetic test in these patients.
Is atopic dermatitis associated with obesity? A systematic review of observational studies
Authors: Ali Z. , Suppli Ulrik C. , Agner T. , Thomsen S.F. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractObesity has been associated with atopic dermatitis (AD); however, the results have been conflicting. Our aim was to provide an update on current knowledge from observational studies addressing the possible association between obesity and AD. Systematic literature review was performed by identifying studies addressing a possible link between AD and overweight/obesity from PubMed, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The quality of the included studies was assessed using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale. A total of 45 studies (comprising more than 90 000 individuals with AD) fulfilled the criteria and were included in the present review. The available studies revealed inconsistencies, but the majority indicated that obesity is associated with AD. Studies addressing obesity in infancy or early childhood (age < 2 years) and AD reported a positive association. From childhood into adulthood, there is a discrepancy in the observations, as the more recent prospective studies found a positive association, whereas this was not observed in older cross‐sectional studies. The inconsistency might be explained by the difference in study design, the diagnostic criteria of AD, regional differences, and by the varied definitions of overweight and obesity used in the studies. In Conclusion, overweight/obesity is associated with an increased risk of AD. Large prospective cohort studies are required to confirm the association between AD and obesity and the possibility that weight control in childhood may help to mitigate or reverse AD symptoms.
Lycra splinting garments for adults with intellectual disabilities who fall due to gait or balance issues: a feasibility study
Authors: Finlayson J. , Crockett J. , Shanmugam S. , Stansfield B. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractBackgroundAdults with intellectual disabilities (IDs) experience high rates of falls and have high rates of gait or balance issues which contribute to falls. Lycra splinting garments (LSGs) have potential to improve gait or balance, but they have never before been tested with adults with IDs who fall due to gait or balance issues. The aim of this study was to test in adults with IDs, the feasibility of using LSGs to improve movement and function and reduce falls, whilst also exploring usability and likely compliance.MethodA convenience sample of nine adults with IDs wore tailored LSGs over a 6‐week assessment period. Laboratory‐based foot clearance, balance, and gait measures were collected pre‐ and post‐LSG‐wear. Falls charts and questionnaires on usability and likely compliance were also completed.ResultsSeven participants experienced a reduction in falls during their six weeks of LSG wear; most notably in the group of five participants who wore lycra splinting socks, compared with only two in the group of four who wore lycra splinting shorts or leggings only.ConclusionLycra splinting socks are likely to bring about positive outcomes for adults with IDs who fall due to gait/balance issues on an individual case by case basis over time, but further research is required to test this hypothesis under randomised controlled trial conditions. Potential benefits of more intrusive LSGs are outweighed by reported problems with usability and compliance.
Brain anatomy of the 4‐day‐old European rabbit
Authors: Schneider Nanette Y. , Datiche Frédérique , Coureaud Gérard 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThe European rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) is a widely used model in fundamental, medical and veterinary neurosciences. Besides investigations in adults, rabbit pups are relevant to study perinatal neurodevelopment and early behaviour. To date, the rabbit is also the only species in which a pheromone – the mammary pheromone (MP) – emitted by lactating females and active on neonatal adaptation has been described. TheMPis crucial since it contributes directly to nipple localisation and oral seizing in neonates, i.e. to their sucking success. It may also be one of the non‐photic cues arising from the mother, which stimulates synchronisation of the circadian system during pre‐visual developmental stages. Finally, theMPpromotes neonatal odour associative and appetitive conditioning in a remarkably rapid and efficient way. For these different reasons, the rabbit offers a currently unique opportunity to determine pheromonal‐induced brain processing supporting adaptation early in life. Therefore, it is of interest to create a reference work of the newborn rabbit pup brain, which may constitute a tool for future multi‐disciplinary and multi‐approach research in this model, and allow comparisons related to the neuroethological basis of social and feeding behaviour among newborns of various species. Here, in line with existing experimental studies, and based on original observations, we propose a functional anatomical description of brain sections in 4‐day‐old rabbits with a particular focus on seven brain regions which appear important for neonatal perception of sensory signals emitted by the mother, circadian adaptation to the short and single daily nursing of the mother in the nest, and expression of specific motor actions involved in nipple localisation and milk intake. These brain regions involve olfactory circuits, limbic‐related areas important in reward, motivation, learning and memory formation, homeostatic areas engaged in food anticipation, and regions implicated in circadian rhythm and arousal, as well as in motricity.
Effect of chewing gum on gastrointestinal function after gynecological surgery: A systematic literature review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Xu Chao , Peng Jie , Liu Su , Qi Dun‐Yi 
Published: February 2018

AbstractAimRecently, several randomized controlled trials (RCT) reported the effect of chewing gum on gastrointestinal function after gynecological surgery; however, these results are inconsistent. The aim of this study was to systematically analyze the effect of chewing gum on postoperative gastrointestinal function and complications in women undergoing gynecological surgery.MethodsPumbed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Chinese Wanfang databases, China National Knowledge Infrastructure and http://clinicaltrials.gov were searched from inceptions to April 30, 2017. Studies including chewing gum's impact on postoperative gastrointestinal function or complications were evaluated. Two authors individually performed data extraction from 10 RCT. Weighted mean difference (WMD) and odds ratio (OR) were used.ResultsContrasting the group of standard postoperative care, the gum chewing group had a lower duration from the end of operation to first aerofluxus (WMD −7.55, 95%CI: −10.99 to −4.12); first intestinal sounds (WMD −6.20, 95%CI: −8.14 to −4.27); first defecation (WMD −12.24, 95%CI: −18.47 to −6.01); hospitalization duration (WMD −0.72. 95%CI −1.19 to −0.25); and lower incidence of nausea (OR 0.45, 95%CI: 0.29 to 0.69), vomiting (OR 0.38, 95%CI: 0.22 to 0.68) and postoperative ileus (OR 0.25, 95%CI: 0.14 to 0.44).ConclusionChewing gum is an effective measure to ameliorate gastrointestinal function and decrease complications after gynecological surgery.