bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of single-dose erector spinae plane block versus paravertebral block for pyeloplasty surgery in children – A prospective, randomized study
Authors: Kundal Raksha , Hayaran Nitin , Kant Vishal , Pandey Maitree , Kundal Vijay K. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background and Aims:
Open pyeloplasty in children is associated with considerable postoperative pain. The paravertebral block (PVB) is commonly performed to control postoperative pain in such surgeries. Erector spinae plane block (ESPB) has recently been described as effective in providing postoperative analgesia in pediatric abdominal surgeries. This randomized, assessor-blinded study compared postoperative analgesic effects between ESPB and PVB in children undergoing pyeloplasty.

Material and Methods:
Eighty pediatric patients scheduled for elective pyeloplasty were randomly allocated to receive either ultrasound-guided (USG) ESPB or PVB. Postoperative pain evaluation was done using the face, legs, activity, cry, and consolability (FLACC) scale for children up to 7 years of age and the visual analog scale (VAS) for children in the age group between 7 and 10 years at 0, 2, 4, 8, 12, and 24 h. The time of first rescue analgesia, the number of doses of analgesic, successful first puncture rate, and block-related complications were noted.

Results:
No significant differences were noted in the FLACC/VAS scores, duration of time to first rescue analgesia (575.90 ± 118.81 vs. 617.05 ± 144.20, P = 0.168), the number of rescue doses once and twice over 24 h was 72.5% versus 67.5% and 27.5% versus 32.5% (P = 0.626) between ESPB vs PVB. The incidence of hematoma at the block site was higher in the PVB group (10%) compared to the ESPB group (0%) (P = 0.04). The incidence of first puncture success in the block was better in ESPB (P = 0.003).

Conclusions:
Both ESPB and PVB can be effectively used for controlling post-pyeloplasty pain in children. The ease of performing the block and the relatively lower incidence of hematoma at the block site make ESPB more advantageous.
To Assess the Role of Intradialytic Parenteral Nutrition on Malnutrition in End-Stage Renal Disease Patients on Maintenance Hemodialysis – A Study from Tertiary Care Center in North India
Authors: Upadhyay Avinash , Nigam A. K. , Jain Apoorva , Sinha Archana , Yadav Subhash Chandra , Singh Akhilesh Kumar , Chauhan Niteesh Singh , Chaudhary Omprakash , Agarwal Niharika 
Published: November 2024

Background:
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a progressive condition. The global estimated prevalence of CKD is 13.4% (11.7%–15.1%), and for patients with end-stage kidney disease needing renal replacement therapy is estimated between 4.902 and 7.083 million. The prevalence of malnutrition among chronic hemodialysis patients ranges from 10% to 70%. Intradialytic parenteral nutrition (IDPN) is the cyclical therapy, in which patients with protein-energy wasting are provided with 3-in-1 parenteral nutrition formula containing glucose, lipid emulsion, and essential and nonessential amino acids. Studies have shown that IDPN led to increase in appetite, increased calorie and protein intake, and increase in body weight, arm muscle circumference, serum transthyretin, and albumin concentrations. Therefore, the role of IDPN in treating malnutrition in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients on maintenance hemodialysis is pivotal and is the subject of increasing interest.

Aim:
The aim of this study was to assess the role of IDPN on malnutrition in ESRD patients on maintenance hemodialysis.

Materials and Methods:
This was an observational analytical study with follow-up and was conducted in Postgraduate Department of Medicine, Sarojini Naidu Medical College, Agra, Uttar Pradesh. All patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis for ≥3 months were eligible for participation in the study. Dietary intake in terms of calories, protein, fat, carbohydrates, sodium, potassium, and phosphorus was calculated using Diet*Calc software. Patients’ nutritional status was assessed with the 7-point subjective global assessment tool (considered the gold standard for assessment of malnutrition) and by anthropometric and biochemical parameters. The primary endpoints of the study were a rise in serum albumin, and a decrease in C-reactive protein (CRP), with improvement in anthropometric parameters of malnutrition.

Results:
In the present study, the prevalence of malnutrition was 38.29%–96.8% depending on the criteria used for the assessment of nutritional status. Of the total 94 maintenance hemodialysis patients who participated in the study, 21 (22.34%) patients received IDPN therapy, for 3 months. Statistically significant rise in mean calorie (kcal/d), protein (g), and fats (g) intake and rise in serum albumin and serum total protein, and decrease in CRP was seen during follow-up at 6 months during the study period.

Conclusions:
IDPN therapy is associated with significant improvement in nutritional parameters and thus should be indicated in patients with malnutrition despite adequate dietary counseling or inability to tolerate oral nutritional supplements.
Assessment of Nutritional Status through InBioZ Wearable Body Composition Monitor and Handgrip Dynamometer Correlating with Subjective Global Assessment and Biochemistry in Maintenance Hemodialysis Patients
Authors: Abraham Georgi , Nagaran Vijayashree , Mathew Milly , Champannoor Cherin Josi , Jain Khusi 
Published: November 2024

Introduction:
Malnutrition is highly prevalent in hemodialysis (HD) patients and results in impaired health-related quality of life, as well as increased risks of hospitalization, morbidity, and mortality. Muscle mass wasting is the main manifestation of malnutrition for dialysis patients, so it is important to distinguish fat and muscle mass when performing nutritional assessment. However, the body composition analyzers available in the market are very expensive and not easily movable. Hence, the advantages of body composition monitor (BCM) are not utilized in most hospitalized patients, including chronic kidney disease (CKD) not on dialysis, CKD on HD, and peritoneal dialysis patients.

Aim:
The current research was undertaken to find out the body composition and handgrip strength (HGS) to determine the nutritional status of the patients on maintenance HD (MHD) and correlate the results with subjective global assessment (SGA) and biochemistry.

Methodology:
Thirty patients who gave consent (60% of males and 40% of females) undergoing HD were randomly selected for the study and nutritionally assessed using SGA, InBioZ wearable BCM device, handgrip dynamometer, and biochemistry.

Results:
The SGA diagnosed 33.3% of the patients are moderately malnourished, with 40% of them having a weight loss of 2%–5%, 26.6% with suboptimal nutrient intake, 26.6% had a loss of appetite and nausea, 36% of them had loss of muscle, and 26.6% had mild-to-moderate fat loss. This was evidenced by the body composition, showing 15% of the patients having lower body fat percentage, 53.3% with lower muscle mass, and 31.7% with low body protein. We found that serum albumin levels were lower, 25% of the patients have hypoalbuminuria with <3.5 g/dL. The HGS showed that 60% of them have below average HGS (in the non- arteriovenous fistula [AVF] arm) and 36% had average muscle strength.

Conclusion:
Prevalence of malnutrition is found in 33% of the selected MHD patients. Early nutritional assessment and medical nutrition therapy are beneficial in managing malnutrition in these patients. Patients who are identified as malnourished through the SGA and biochemistry also showed low muscle mass and muscle strength. Along with SGA and biochemistry, simple wearable BCM and HGS can be useful in diagnosing malnutrition and further nutritional management.
Analysis of the current status of the protection in children from of polio
Authors: Balzhieva Varvara V. , Khlebnikova Lidiya A. 
Published: November 2024

Introduction. There is a risk of an exponential increase in the incidence of polio in the world, if there is a deviation from the current plan of measures to localize endemic areas of polio and until global eradication of the virus achieved. Routine immunization against polio and widespread vaccination is the main goal of the polio control strategy. There is currently no need to strengthen planned vaccination work in Russia to consolidate the results of the polio control program, as evidenced by the data of dynamic serological monitoring. Aim: Evaluate the level of seroconversion after administration of poliovaccine and the duration of protective antibody titer maintenance in children.
Materials and methods. A single-stage, single-center determination of the titer of antibodies to poliovirus types 1 and 3 was carried out using the neutralization method. There were studied 162 samples collected as part of the assignment from the Center of Hygiene and Epidemiology of the Republic of Buryatia (1.44% of the pediatric population of the children’s polyclinic): three groups of 1–2 years, 3–4 years and 15–17 years children. The average age in the group 1 was 1.64 ± 0.48 years, group 2 —
3.48 ± 0.54 years, and group 3 — 15.38 ± 0.67 years. Medical documentation was analyzed and compared: completed preventive vaccination cards (form 063/u) and preventive vaccination sheet in the child development card (form 112/u) for a complete collection children’s vaccination history.
Results. Deviations of vaccination dates from the current national calendar of preventive vaccinations noted in all age groups with a high frequency. In our analysis, 100% of children demonstrate the presence of protective antibodies to poliomyelitis types 1 and 3. The duration of preservation of neutralizing antibodies is 13.05 ± 0.94 years, with an average of 9–15 years.
Conclusion. The analyzed serological monitoring of postvaccinal immunity to poliomyelitis testifies to the high efficiency of the preventive work.
Sepsis y shock séptico, diagnóstico en animales de compañía
Authors: Amancha Campuzano Jorge Miguel , Castillo Hidalgo Edy Paúl 
Published: November 2024

La sepsis representa un síndrome clínico caracterizado por la respuesta inflamatoria desregulada del organismo ante un proceso infeccioso, potencialmente mortal que afecta a animales y humanos. En el año de 1991 se define el termino sepsis de manera oficial por primera vez en el consenso “SEPSIS-1” en medicina humana, definición que cambiaría en el consenso SEPSIS-2 (2001) y se redefiniría una vez más en el año 2016, en el consenso SEPSIS-3. A pesar de ello, en medicina Veterinaria el diagnóstico de sepsis se considera algo anecdótico, pues existe poca uniformidad en su definición y no hay consenso sobre cómo identificarla clínicamente, al considerarse un proceso dinámico, por lo cual no presenta un cuadro clínico específico, pero se caracteriza por la inestabilidad hemodinámica y el deterioro multiorgánico progresivo del paciente. Por tanto, el presente trabajo plantea como objetivo analizar información relevante para generar una síntesis actualizada de criterios de diagnóstico de sepsis y shock séptico en caninos y felinos.
Characterization and genomic analysis of bacteriophage VT223 infecting Salmonella enterica subsp enterica serovar Enteritidis
Authors: Bich Van Truong T. , Loan Anh Nguyen T. , Anh Thi Nguyen P. , Thanh Vo V. , Viet Dung Le 
Published: November 2024

Bacteriophages are increasingly considered a promising alternative to antibiotics for treating bacterial infections. For the bacteriophage VT223, which was isolated from shrimp pond wastewater, a thorough analysis of its host range, morphology, and genome sequencing was performed. Bacteriophage VT223 exhibits high specificity towards Salmonella spp. strains, highlighting its potential as a targeted therapy for Salmonella spp. infections. Electron microscopy revealed that VT223 belongs to the Caudoviricetes, Jerseyvirus, with an icosahedral head and a non-contractile tail. This phage can infect three species within the Salmonella spp., with a short latent period of 30 minutes and a burst size of 446 PFU/infected cells. Genome sequencing revealed a 43,062 bp double-stranded DNA genome with a GC content of 49.6%. Stability tests showed that VT223 is stable over various temperatures and pH levels. Biofilm formation inhibition testing revealed that phage VT223 reduced biofilm by up to 57.7% after a four-hour treatment. In vitro studies demonstrated the lytic activity of VT223 against Salmonella enterica subsp enterica serovar Enteritidis ATCC 49223. These findings provide valuable insights into the biological properties of bacteriophage VT223 and its potential use as a biocontrol agent in livestock production and aquaculture to combat bacterial growth. Published on November 15, 2024
К вопросу о датировке Чудесного дождя Марка Аврелия
Authors: О.Г. Поникаровский 
Published: November 2024

Легенда о Чудесном дожде в земле квадов содержит первое небиблейское упоминание о христианах в армии. Однако уже более ста лет ученые не могут прийти к общему мнению относительно даты этого события. В настоящей статье автор на основании эпиграфических свидетельств, которые еще не были введены в научный оборот в рамках дискуссии, предлагает решение указанной проблемы.
The legend of the Miraculous Rain in the land of the Quadi contains the first non-biblical mention of Christians in the army. However, for more than a hundred years, scientists have been unable to come to a consensus on the date of this event. This article proposes a solution to this problem, drawing on epigraphic evidence that has not yet been introduced into scientific circulation within the framework of the discussion.
Теологический историзм как форма исторического сознания
Authors: С. А. Колесников 
Published: November 2024

В статье рассматривается проблема соотношения «душевного» и «исторического» компонентов исторического процесса, религиозные основания исторического сознания. В качестве определяющего метода предлагается использовать теологический историзм, выступающий стержнем осмысленности истории. Теологический историзм придает христианскому пониманию истории научный формат, формирует научный историографический язык. Описание данного процесса и становится сущностью научной тео-исторической задачи: задействовав христианские основания исторического познания и соединив их с рационально-целостной методологией, выйти к построению объемного смысла истории. Актуальным представляется «оживление» истории как историографический прием, активация личностных параметров истории, заветной целью которой выступают сотериологические ориентиры. Сотериология истории выводит к проблеме историка, видящего свое метабиографическое призвание в постижении истории с христианских позиций. В качестве выводов предлагается восстановление в гносеологических правах религиозной интуиции историка, воспитание духовно-исторической одаренности в постижении истории, фиксируются основные параметры «антропологии» истории.
The article deals with the problem of correlation of “spiritual” and “historical” components of the historical process, as well as with religious foundations of historical consciousness. It is proposed to use theological historicism as the determining method, theological historicism being a pivot of history meaningfulness. Theological historicism imparts a scientific format to the Christian understanding of history, develops a scientific historiographical language. It the description of this process that becomes the essence of the scientific theo-historical and historical task: to progress to development of a comprehensive meaning of history, using Christian foundations of historical knowledge and combining them with a rational-holistic methodology. It seems relevant to “revive” history as a historiographical technique, intensify personal parameters of history whose cherished goal is soteriological waymarks. Soteriology of history leads to the problem of a historian who sees his meta-biographical vocation in comprehending history in the Christian perspective. The conclusions include proposals concerning restoration of the historian’s religious intuition in its epistemological rights and formation of spiritual and historical talent in comprehending history; and the main parameters of “anthropology” of history are fixed.
Томас Уайтхед (1815–1843) — поэт и миссионер: к истории британского миссионерства XIX в.
Authors: И. Ю. Смирнова 
Published: November 2024

В статье рассматривается ряд сюжетов из истории британского миссионерства в ключевые для колониальной политики 1840‑е гг.: предыстория учреждения иерусалимской и новозеландской епископий Английской церкви, деятельность англиканской миссии в Новой Зеландии в первые годы ее существования, образование и подготовка британских миссионеров для работы за рубежом. Эти аспекты представлены в контексте биографии и деятельности английского поэта и миссионера Томаса Уайтхеда (1815–1843) — яркого представителя кембриджской школы. На примере его жизни прослеживается процесс духовного и интеллектуального образования британских миссионеров, формирование принципов и подходов к миссионерской работе, выявляются основные черты такого феномена, как иноконфессиональное миссионерство. Особое внимание уделено выработке жизненных и духовных принципов Томаса Уайтхеда, его внутренней работе над самодисциплиной и духовным совершенствованием. Анализ эпистолярного наследия миссионера позволяет приоткрыть «святая святых» западного миссионерства, познакомиться с внутренним миром сознательно вставшего на путь миссионерского подвига молодого человека, одного из членов многочисленного отряда миссионеров.
The article deals with several events from the history of British missionary work during the crucial period for its colonial policy in the 1840s: the pre-history of the establishment of the bishoprics of the Church of England in Jerusalem and New Zealand, activities of the Anglican mission in New Zealand in its early years, and education and training of British missionaries to work abroad. These issues are considered in the context of the biography and activities of Thomas Whytehead (1815–1843), English poet and missionary, a prominent representative of Cambridge school. His life is a good example to trace the process of theological and intellectual education of British missionaries, formation of principles of and approaches to missionary work, and to reveal the main features of such a phenomenon as missionary activity with other denominations. Particular attention is paid to the development of his life and spiritual principles, and to his inner work on self-discipline and spiritual self-perfection. Analysis of the epistolary heritage of the missionary makes it possible to reveal the “holy of holies” of Western missionary activities, and get acquainted with the inner world of the young man who chose the path of missionary deeds, one of the members of the large group of missionaries.
Еще раз о Брестской церковной унии: канонические доводы униатских полемистов первой половины ХVII в.
Authors: С. Ф. Веремеев 
Published: November 2024

Теме Брестской церковной унии и ее отдельным аспектам посвящена обширная научная литература. Между тем вопрос о том, какие канонические аргументы выдвигались сторонниками унии с целью обоснования ее необходимости, ранее специально не изучался. В данной статье предпринята попытка восполнить этот пробел в историографии на основе анализа униатских полемических сочинений 1‑й пол. ХVII в. Их авторами были еп. Ипатий (Потей), Иосиф Вельямин Рутский, Иоаким Мороховский, Лев Кревза и др. В результате исследования сделан вывод, что униатские полемисты в поддержку своей позиции ссылались на решения Поместных и Вселенских Соборов (включая в число последних Соборы в Лионе 1274 г. и во Флоренции 1439 г.), стремились доказать неканоничность Брестского Православного Собора 1596 г. и епископских хиротоний, совершенных иерусалимским патриархом Феофаном в 1620 г., убедить в истинности католической доктрины о верховенстве Римских пап в христианском мире. Каноническая аргументация униатской стороны имеет свою логику, но в то же время является уязвимой для критики. Статья подготовлена на основании доклада, сделанного автором на VII Барсовских чтениях (08.12.2023 г., СПбДА).
Extensive scientific research is devoted to the topic of the Brest Church Union and its particular aspects. However, the issue of what canonical arguments were proposed by supporters of the union to justify the need for it has not been specifically studied yet. An attempt is made to fill this gap in historiography, drawing on the analysis of Uniate polemical works of the first half of the 17th century. They were written by Bishop Ipatiy (Potey), Joseph Velyamin Rutsky, Joachim Morokhovsky, Lev Krevza and others. The study resulted in the conclusion that to support their position the Uniate polemicists referred to the decisions of Local and Ecumenical Councils (including the Ecumenical Councils in Lyon in 1274 and in Florence in 1439), they sought to prove the noncanonical nature of the Brest Orthodox Council of 1596, and the episcopal consecrations performed by the Patriarch of Jerusalem Theophan in 1620, and they also sought to give convincing arguments defending the truth of the Catholic doctrine of the supremacy of the Popes in the Christian world. The canonical argumentation of the Uniates has its specific logic, but at the same time is vulnerable to criticism. The article was prepared on the basis of a report at the VIIth Barsov Readings (12.08.2023, St. Petersburg).
К вопросу о преподавании канонического права и сопутствующих дисциплин в духовных школах. Отзыв на статью П. И. Гайденко («Христианское чтение» № 2 за 2024 г.)
Authors: А. В. Ведяев 
Published: November 2024

Статья является полемическим отзывом на публикацию в журнале «Христианское чтение» № 2 за 2024 г. статьи П. И. Гайденко «Проблемы преподавания канонического права и сопутствующих дисциплин в высших светских и духовных школах: ожидания, реальность, перспективы», написанной на основе его доклада на конференции «Проблемы преподавания церковного права в церковных и светских ВУЗах», посвященной 5‑летию Барсовского общества (СПбДА, 30.01.2024 г.). В настоящей статье рассматриваются такие вопросы, как структура дисциплины, необходимость введения подготовительного курса и иных вспомогательных дисциплин, требования к преподавателям, содержание курса и отношение к нему со стороны преподавателей и учащихся. При этом по большинству вопросов выражается согласие с мнением П. И. Гайденко, однако по ряду проблем излагается критическая позиция, в частности, о необходимости введения дополнительных предметов, о преподавании дисциплины преимущественно клириками и т. д.
The article is a polemical response to the article by P. I. Gaidenko “Problems of teaching canon law and related disciplines in higher secular and theological schools: expectations, reality, prospects” published in the magazine “Christian Reading” No. 2, 2024. It was based on his report at the conference “Problems of teaching church law in church and secular higher educational institutions” dedicated to the 5th anniversary of the Barsov Society (St. Petersburg Theological Academy, 01.30.2024). The article discusses such issues as the structure of the discipline, a need to introduce a preparatory course and other auxiliary disciplines, requirements for teachers, the content of the course and the attitude of teachers and students towards it. Along with this, agreement with the opinion of P. I. Gaidenko on most issues is expressed, though on a number of problems, a critical position is stated, in particular, on the need to introduce additional subjects, on teaching the discipline mainly by clergy, etc.