bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spatiotemporal Control of Morphogen Delivery to Pattern Stem Cell Differentiation in Three‐Dimensional Hydrogels
Authors: O'Grady Brian J. , Balikov Daniel A. , Lippmann Ethan S. , Bellan Leon M. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractMorphogens are biological molecules that alter cellular identity and behavior across both space and time. During embryonic development, morphogen spatial localization can be confined to small volumes in a single tissue or permeate throughout an entire organism, and the temporal effects of morphogens can range from fractions of a second to several days. In most cases, morphogens are presented as a gradient to adjacent cells within tissues to pattern cell fate. As such, to appropriately model development and build representative multicellular architectures in vitro, it is vital to recapitulate these gradients during stem cell differentiation. However, the ability to control morphogen presentation within in vitro systems remains challenging. Here, we describe an innovative platform using channels patterned within thick, three‐dimensional hydrogels that deliver multiple morphogens to embedded cells, thereby demonstrating exquisite control over both spatial and temporal variations in morphogen presentation. This generalizable approach should have broad utility for researchers interested in patterning in vitro tissue structures. © 2019 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
What corporate social responsibility brings to brand management? The two pathways from social responsibility to brand commitment
Authors: Abid Tarek , Abid‐Dupont Marie‐Aude , Moulins Jean‐Louis 
Published: September 2019

AbstractSocial responsibility has become a cornerstone of brand management, enabling brand differentiation in a high growth market. By distinguishing between symbolic and utilitarian associations of social responsibility, our study identifies two levers for consumer brand commitment. We posit that utilitarian associations enhance consumer brand commitment by strengthening consumer trust. We also argue that brands can encourage consumer commitment through their environmental and philanthropic engagements by conveying values with which consumers can identify to foster brand identification. This second commitment lever is argued to be particularly effective for consumers with strong social/environmental personal norms. We empirically test our research model on a sample of regular consumers of organic food brands, validating the two pathways from social responsibility to brand commitment. The moderating role of consumers' personal norms on the process was confirmed regarding the philanthropic dimension but not the environmental one. Contributions and implications for sustainable marketing are discussed.
Inhibition of mmp13a during zebrafish fin regeneration disrupts fin growth, osteoblasts differentiation, and Laminin organization
Authors: Li Li , Zhang Jing , Akimenko Marie‐Andrée 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackgroundMatrix metalloproteinases 13 (MMP13) is a potent endopeptidase that regulate cell growth, migration, and extracellular matrix remodeling. However, its role in fin regeneration remains unclear.Resultsmmp13a expression is strongly upregulated during blastema formation and persists in the distal blastema. mmp13a knockdown via morpholino electroporation impairs regenerative outgrowth by decreasing cell proliferation, which correlates with a downregulation of fgf10a and sall4 expression in the blastema. Laminin distribution in the basement membrane is also affected in mmp13a MO‐injected rays. Another impact of mmp13a knockdown is observed in the skeletal elements of the fin rays. Expression of two main components of actinotrichia, Collagen II and Actinodin 1 is highly reduced in mmp13a MO‐injected rays leading to highly disorganized actinotrichia pattern. Inhibition of mmp13a strongly affects bone formation as shown by a reduction of Zns5 and sp7 expression and of bone matrix mineralization in rays. These defects are accompanied by a significant increase in apoptosis in mmp13a MO‐injected fin regenerates.ConclusionDefects of expression of this multifunctional proteinase drastically affects osteoblast differentiation, bone and actinotrichia formation as well as Laminin distribution in the basement membrane of the fin regenerate, suggesting the important role of Mmp13 during the regenerative process.
Consequences of marine barriers for genetic diversity of the coral‐specialist yellowbar angelfish from the Northwestern Indian Ocean
Authors: Torquato Felipe , Range Pedro , Ben‐Hamadou Radhouane , Sigsgaard Eva E. , Thomsen Philip F. , Riera Rodrigo , Berumen Michael L. , Burt John A. , Feary David A. , Marshell Alyssa , D'Agostino Daniele , DiBattista Joseph D. , Møller Peter R. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractOcean circulation, geological history, geographic distance, and seascape heterogeneity play an important role in phylogeography of coral‐dependent fishes. Here, we investigate potential genetic population structure within the yellowbar angelfish (Pomacanthus maculosus) across the Northwestern Indian Ocean (NIO). We then discuss our results with respect to the above abiotic features in order to understand the contemporary distribution of genetic diversity of the species. To do so, restriction site‐associated DNA sequencing (RAD‐seq) was utilized to carry out population genetic analyses onP. maculosussampled throughout the species’ distributional range. First, genetic data were correlated to geographic and environmental distances, and tested for isolation‐by‐distance and isolation‐by‐environment, respectively, by applying the Mantel test. Secondly, we used distance‐based and model‐based methods for clustering genetic data. Our results suggest the presence of two putative barriers to dispersal; one off the southern coast of the Arabian Peninsula and the other off northern Somalia, which together create three genetic subdivisions ofP. maculosuswithin the NIO. Around the Arabian Peninsula, one genetic cluster was associated with the Red Sea and the adjacent Gulf of Aden in the west, and another cluster was associated with the Arabian Gulf and the Sea of Oman in the east. Individuals sampled in Kenya represented a third genetic cluster. The geographic locations of genetic discontinuities observed between genetic subdivisions coincide with the presence of substantial upwelling systems, as well as habitat discontinuity. Our findings shed light on the origin and maintenance of genetic patterns in a common coral reef fish inhabiting the NIO, and reinforce the hypothesis that the evolution of marine fish species in this region has likely been shaped by multiple vicariance events.
Seasonal windows of opportunity in milkweed–monarch interactions
Authors: Yang Louie H. , Cenzer Meredith L. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractMany organisms experience seasonal windows of opportunity for growth and reproduction. These windows represent intervals in time when organisms experience improved prospects for advancing their life history objectives, constrained by the combined effects of seasonally variable biotic and abiotic conditions acting independently or in combination. Although seasonal windows of opportunity are likely to be widespread in nature, relatively few studies have conducted the repeated observations necessary to identify them or suggest the factors that structure them in time. Here, we present the results of three experimental studies conducted at different field sites in three different years in which we manipulated the phenology of monarch caterpillars (Danaus plexippus) throughout the growing season. The primary aims of these experiments were (1) to identify seasonal windows of opportunity for successful larval development on milkweed (Asclepias spp.), and (2) to suggest which factors are most likely to constrain these windows of opportunity in time. We found strong seasonal windows of opportunity in the developmental success of monarchs, with distinct periods of higher developmental prospects during each study year. We evaluated the role of seasonal variation in abiotic thermal stress, host plant density, host plant defensive traits, and natural enemy risk as potential factors that may limit seasonal windows of opportunity. By comparing the seasonal patterns of larval success and potential explanatory factors across all 3 yr, we find patterns that are consistent with seasonally variable abiotic conditions, host plant availability, host plant traits, and natural enemy risk factors. These results suggest the potential for seasonal variation in the factors that limit monarch larval development and population growth. More generally, this study also highlights the value of temporally explicit experimental studies that can identify and examine seasonal patterns in species interactions.
The Pain Assessment in Impaired Cognition scale (PAIC15): A multidisciplinary and international approach to develop and test a meta‐tool for pain assessment in impaired cognition, especially dementia
Authors: Kunz Miriam , de Waal Margot W. M. , Achterberg Wilco P. , Gimenez‐Llort Lydia , Lobbezoo Frank , Sampson Elisabeth L. , van Dalen‐Kok Annelore H. , Defrin Ruth , Invitto Sara , Konstantinovic Ljubica , Oosterman Joukje , Petrini Laura , van der Steen Jenny T. , Strand Liv‐Inger , de Tommaso Marina , Zwakhalen Sandra , Husebo Bettina S. , Lautenbacher Stefan 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackgroundOver the last decades, a considerable number of observational scales have been developed to assess pain in persons with dementia. The time seems ripe now to build on the knowledge and expertize implemented in these scales to form an improved, “best‐of” meta‐tool. The EU‐COST initiative “Pain in impaired cognition, especially dementia” aimed to do this by selecting items out of existing observational scales and critically re‐assessing their suitability to detect pain in dementia. This paper reports on the final phase of this collaborative task.MethodsItems from existing observational pain scales were tested for “frequency of occurrence (item difficulty),” “reliability” and “validity.” This psychometric testing was carried out in eight countries, in different healthcare settings, and included clinical as well as experimental pain conditions.ResultsAcross all studies, 587 persons with dementia, 27 individuals with intellectual disability, 12 Huntington's disease patients and 59 cognitively healthy controls were observed during rest and movement situations or while receiving experimental pressure pain, respectively. The psychometric outcomes for each item across the different studies were evaluated within an international and multidisciplinary team of experts and led a final selection of 15 items (5x facial expressions, 5x body movements, 5x vocalizations).ConclusionsThe final list of 15 observational items have demonstrated psychometric quality and clinical usefulness both in their former scales and in the present international evaluation; accordingly, they qualified twice to form a new internationally agreed‐on meta‐tool for Pain Assessment in Impaired Cognition, the PAIC‐15 scale.SignificanceUsing a meta‐tool approach by building on previous observational pain assessment scales and putting the items of these scales through rigorous empirical testing (using experimental as well as clinical pain studies in several European countries), we were able to identify the best items for pain assessment in individuals with impaired cognition. These selected items form the novel PAIC15 scale (pain assessment in impaired cognition, 15 items).
HadUK‐Grid—A new UK dataset of gridded climate observations
Authors: Hollis Dan , McCarthy Mark , Kendon Michael , Legg Tim , Simpson Ian 
Published: September 2019

AbstractHadUK‐Grid is a new dataset of gridded climate observations for the UK produced by the Met Office Hadley Centre for Climate Science and Services. The dataset interpolates in situ observations to a regular grid using methods developed in a previous equivalent dataset that had been made available to users since 2002 through the UK Climate Projections project (UKCIP02, UKCP09). The new dataset differs from the existing one in a number of key respects: higher spatial resolution, longer time series for some variables, improved consistency with regard to the pre‐processing of station observations, the use of publicly‐accessible ancillary data sources, a revised calculation sequence for some variables and improved version control. This makes for a dataset that is more internally consistent, more traceable and more reproducible. The result is a dataset of key UK climate variables of up to 1 km resolution from 1862 for monthly rainfall, 1884 for monthly temperature, 1891 for daily rainfall, 1929 for monthly sunshine and a wider set of variables with start dates from the 1960s to support the need for national climate monitoring and climate research.
Migraine and the risk of all‐cause dementia, Alzheimer's disease, and vascular dementia: A prospective cohort study in community‐dwelling older adults
Authors: Morton Rebecca E. , St. John Philip D. , Tyas Suzanne L. 
Published: September 2019

ObjectivesDementia is the most common neurological disease in older adults; headaches, including migraines, are the most common neurological disorder across all ages. The objective of this study was to explore the relationship between migraines and dementia, including Alzheimer's disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VaD).MethodsAnalyses were based on 679 community‐dwelling participants 65+ years from the Manitoba Study of Health and Aging, a population‐based, prospective cohort study. Participants screened as cognitively intact at baseline had complete data on migraine history and all covariates at baseline and were assessed for cognitive outcomes (all‐cause dementia, AD, and VaD) 5 years later. The association of exposure (lifetime history of migraines), confounding (age, gender, education, and depression), and intervening variables (hypertension, myocardial infarction, other heart conditions, stroke, and diabetes) with all‐cause dementia and dementia subtypes (AD and VaD) was assessed using multiple logistic regression models.ResultsA history of migraines was significantly associated with both all‐cause dementia (odds ratio [OR]=2.97; 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.25‐6.61) and AD (OR=4.22; 95% CI=1.59‐10.42), even after adjustment for confounding and intervening variables. Migraines were not significantly associated with VaD either before (OR=1.83; 95% CI=0.39‐8.52) or after (OR=1.52; 95% CI=0.20‐7.23) such adjustment.ConclusionsMigraines were a significant risk factor for AD and all‐cause dementia. Despite the vascular mechanisms involved in migraine physiology, migraines were not significantly associated with VaD in this study. Recognition of the long‐term detrimental consequences of migraines for AD and dementia has implications for migraine management, as well as for our understanding of AD etiology.
New biomarkers and therapeutic strategies in acute lymphoblastic leukemias: Recent advances
Authors: Simioni Carolina , Bergamini Fabio , Ferioli Martina , Rimondi Erika , Caruso Lorenzo , Neri Luca M. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractAcute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) represents a heterogeneous group of hematologic malignancies, and it is normally characterized by an aberrant proliferation of immature lymphoid cells. Moreover, dysregulation of multiple signaling pathways that normally regulate cellular transcription, growth, translation, and proliferation is frequently encountered in this malignancy. ALL is the most frequent tumor in childhood, and adult ALL patients still correlate with poor survival. This review focuses on modern therapies in ALL that move beyond standard chemotherapy, with a particular emphasis on immunotherapeutic approaches as new treatment strategies. Bi‐specific T‐cell Engagers (BiTE) antibodies, the chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)‐T cells, or CRISPR‐Cas9 (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats [CRISPR]–associated nuclease 9) represent other new innovative approaches for this disease. Target and tailored therapy could make the difference in previously untreatable cases, i.e., precision and personalized medicine. Clinical trials will help to select the most efficient novel therapies in ALL management and to integrate them with existing treatments to achieve durable cures.
Hydraulic traits that buffer deep‐rooted plants from changes in hydrology and climate
Authors: Hultine Kevin R. , Froend Ray , Blasini Davis , Bush Susan E. , Karlinski Melissa , Koepke Dan F. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractGroundwater‐dependent ecosystems are often defined by the presence of deeply rooted phreatophytic plants. When connected to groundwater, phreatophytes in arid regions decouple ecosystem net primary productivity from precipitation, underscoring a disproportionately high biodiversity and exchange of resources relative to surrounding areas. However, groundwater‐dependent ecosystems are widely threatened due to the effects of water diversions, groundwater abstraction, and higher frequencies of episodic drought and heat waves. The resilience of these ecosystems to shifting ecohydrological–climatological conditions will depend largely on the capacity of dominant, phreatophytic plants to cope with dramatic reductions in water availability and increases in atmospheric water demand. This paper disentangles the broad range of hydraulic traits expressed by phreatophytic vegetation to better understand their capacity to survive or even thrive under shifting ecohydrological conditions. We focus on three elements of plant water relations: (a) hydraulic architecture (including root area to leaf area ratios and rooting depth), (b) xylem structure and function, and (c) stomatal regulation. We place the expression of these traits across a continuum of phreatophytic habits from obligate to semi‐obligate to semi‐facultative to facultative. Although many species occupy multiple phreatophytic niches depending on access to groundwater, we anticipate that populations are largely locally adapted to a narrow range of ecohydrological conditions regardless of gene flow across ecohydrological gradients. Consequently, we hypothesize that reductions in available groundwater and increases in atmospheric water demand will result in either (a) stand replacement of obligate phreatophytic species with more facultative species as a function of widespread mortality in highly groundwater‐dependent populations or (b) directional selection in semi‐obligate and semi‐facultative phreatophytes towards the expression of traits associated with highly facultative phreatophytes in the absence of species replacement. Anticipated shifts in the expression of hydraulic traits may have profound impacts on water cycling processes, species assemblages, and habitat structure of groundwater‐dependent woodlands and riparian forests.
CD55 Regulates Bone Mass in Mice by Modulating RANKL-Mediated Rac Signaling and Osteoclast Function
Authors: Shin Bongjin , Won Heeyeon , Adams Douglas J , Lee Sun-Kyeong 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT
CD55 is a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored protein that regulates complement-mediated and innate and adaptive immune responses. Although CD55 is expressed in various cell types in the bone marrow, its role in bone has not been investigated. In the current study, trabecular bone volume measured by μCT in the femurs of CD55KO female mice was increased compared to wild type (WT). Paradoxically, osteoclast number was increased in CD55KO with no differences in osteoblast parameters. Osteoclasts from CD55KO mice exhibited abnormal actin-ring formation and reduced bone-resorbing activity. Moreover, macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) and receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL) treatment failed to activate Rac guanosine triphosphatase (GTPase) in CD55KO bone marrow macrophage (BMM) cells. In addition, apoptotic caspases activity was enhanced in CD55KO, which led to the poor survival of mature osteoclasts. Our results imply that CD55KO mice have increased bone mass due to defective osteoclast resorbing activity resulting from reduced Rac activity in osteoclasts. We conclude that CD55 plays an important role in the survival and bone-resorption activity of osteoclasts through regulation of Rac activity. © 2019 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Abstract
Fe3O4@C particles synthesized with iron‐containing water treatment residuals and its potential for methylene blue removal
Authors: Zeng Huiping , Qiao Tongda , Zhai Longxue , Zhang Jie , Li Dong 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDIron (Fe)‐containing groundwater treatment residual is a kind of waste from groundwater treatment plants, showing good potential to be reused. Attention has been paid to Fe‐based magnetic water treatment materials for their easy magnetic separation, and in the meantime, kinds of adsorbents were developed to address the severe global dyes pollution.RESULTSBlack magnetic material was obtained with using the iron‐containing wastes as iron source without adding other iron chemical reagents by hydrothermal reaction. The X‐ray diffraction (XRD), X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Fourier‐transform infrared (FTIR) results show that the product is comprised of crystalline iron(II,III) oxide (Fe3O4) core and amorphous carbon shell (Fe3O4@C), and the core‐shell structure can also been seen clearly in transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images. Vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) result shows its saturation magnetization is 33.56 emu/g. This sample's sorption experiments for methylene blue (MB) removal were conducted, and the experiment results indicated that this sample could be used in a wide range of pH (5–12) and the adsorption might be a complex chemical diffusion process consisting of boundary layer effect due to kinetic modeling fitting analysis. The maximum sorption amount of MB was 16.33 and 19.13 mg/g, respectively at 298 K and 308 K. This sample after five regeneration cycles still had 72.1% MB removal rate.CONCLUSIONThe Fe3O4@C particles with good magnetism were synthesized successfully with Fe‐containing water treatment residuals, water treatment waste sludge, via a one‐step hydrothermal reaction, which could be of reasonable analogy for treating other Fe‐containing industrial waste. Furthermore, this sample could be used as adsorbent for MB molecules removal from dyed water with good reusability and easy magnetic separation. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry