bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hospitalised patients with unexplained chest pain: incidence and prognosis
Authors: Egeland G. M. , Akerkar R. , Kvåle R. , Sulo G. , Tell G. S. , Bakken I. J. , Ebbing M. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe prognosis of unexplained chest pain patients provides valuable information for evaluation of health services.ObjectiveTo examine prognosis of unexplained chest pain.MethodsUsing data from in‐ and outpatient hospital visits in Norway of patients discharged with a main diagnosis of unexplained chest pain (ICD‐10: R072–R074) in 2010–2012, the 1‐year incidence of coronary heart disease (CHD), any cardio‐vascular disease (CVD) and mortality was evaluated. Cases with prior 2‐year history of CVD or chest pain were excluded. Cox proportional hazards evaluated outcomes by patient characteristics and standardized mortality ratios evaluated observed versus expected mortality.ResultsOf 59 569 patients identified (20–89 years of age), the majority (86%) were referred to hospital by out‐of‐hours emergency care centres. Subsequent CHD was noted for 12.5%, 19.5% and 25.0% of men and 7.2%, 11.0%, 14.0% of women aged 45–64, 65–74 and 75–89 years, respectively. The per cent of deaths attributed to CVD were greatest within the first 2 months of postdischarge. Total mortality rates (per 1000 person‐years) were 6.6 in men and 4.7 in women aged 45–64 and 69.2 in men and 39.5 in women aged 75–89 years. Relative to the general population, mortality was 53% and 45% higher for men and women under 65 years of age, respectively, attributed primarily to non‐CVD causes.ConclusionPatients in Norway discharged with unexplained chest pain are an at‐risk group in terms of incident CHD, any CVD and mortality, including non‐CVD mortality during the first‐year postdischarge. The results suggest that unexplained chest pain patients may benefit from greater healthcare coordination between medical disciplines.
Innovation climate: A systematic review of the literature and agenda for future research
Authors: Newman Alexander , Round Heather , Wang Shuanglong , Mount Matthew 
Published: July 2019

Over the last two decades, we have witnessed growing empirical research on the concept of innovation climate at both the team and organizational levels. This article systematically reviews the literature surrounding the concept, focusing on its antecedents and outcomes, and empirical work where it has been treated as a moderator. Based on the review, we propose an agenda for future research that highlights the need to incorporate alternative theoretical perspectives to enhance our understanding of the innovation climate concept and its impact in driving team‐ and organizational‐level outcomes. In addition to theoretical future research strands, we also highlight opportunities for empirical advancement of the field. In particular, we highlight the need to examine the negative influence of innovation climate, adopt a more dynamic approach to examine how innovation climates develops over time, and explore the influence of cultural and institutional factors on the development of innovation climate.Practitioner Points

Innovation is essential for organizations wishing to remain competitive and thrive in the highly competitive global marketplace.

This study consolidates the insights from prior research linking leadership and team/demographic/workplace characteristics to both the team innovation climate and the organizational innovation climate.

Understanding innovation climate provides practitioners with insight into the levers they may utilize to encourage innovation within the organization.

In addition, the outcomes of innovation climate are synthesized in this paper which provides practitioners with insight into the expected benefits of focusing on developing a climate for innovation.
Are vocalists prone to temporomandibular disorders?
Authors: van Selms Maurits K. A. , Wiegers Jetske W. , Lobbezoo Frank , Visscher Corine M. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundAs vocalists demand high physical strains of the masticatory system, singing is frequently mentioned as a risk factor for temporomandibular disorders (TMDs).ObjectivesThis study investigated whether vocalists report a higher prevalence of two types of TMDs (viz., TMD pain and temporomandibular joint sounds) compared with instrumentalists who do not load their masticatory system while performing. In addition, we examined which risk indicators are associated with the presence of these TMDs among musicians.MethodsA total of 1470 musicians from 50 different music ensembles completed a questionnaire. Of these musicians, 306 were vocalists (mean age ± SD 37.5 ± 17.7 years; 63.9% female) and 209 musicians enrolled the control group (mean age ± SD 42.7 ± 18.0 years; 40.7% female).ResultsThe prevalence of self‐reported TMD pain among vocalists was 21.9%, as compared to 12.0% in the control group. 20.0% of the vocalists reported TMJ sounds versus 15.1% of the controls. The multiple regression models indicated that being a vocalist was not a risk indicator for the presence of self‐reported TMD pain nor for self‐reported TMJ sounds. Instead, it appeared that the report of TMD pain among musicians was positively associated with female gender, next to the level of physical workload, depicted as frequency of oral behaviours and the hours of daily practice. Musicians’ report of TMJ sounds was associated with oral behaviours.ConclusionThis study shows that singing is not associated with the reports of TMD pain and TMJ sounds, after adjusting for potentially confounding variables included in the models.
Relationship of Streptococcus mutans with valvar cardiac tissue: A molecular and immunohistochemical study
Authors: Oliveira Francisco Artur Forte , Fernandes Forte Clarissa Pessoa , Silva Paulo Goberlânio de Barros , Lopes Camile de Barros , Montenegro Raquel Carvalho , dos Santos Ândrea Kely Campos Ribeiro , Mota Mário Rogério Lima , Sousa Fabrício Bitu , Alves Ana Paula Negreiros Nunes 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe present study aimed to investigate the presence or absence of Streptococcus mutans in oral cavity and valvular samples associating with the histomorphologic alterations of calcified aortic stenosis.MethodologyDental plaque and cardiac valve samples were collected from 10 patients with calcified aortic stenosis for molecular analysis of S mutans by real‐time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Healthy valve tissue was also collected from five young cadavers and analyzed for S mutans. Moreover, fragments of all valvar specimens were submitted for histomorphological analysis and immunohistochemistry (anti‐S mutans and anti‐CD61).ResultsStreptococcus mutans was present in 100% of the oral cavity samples from the patients with calcified aortic stenosis in the molecular analysis. The analysis by real‐time PCR showed that S mutans presented the same proportion in healthy valves and those with calcified aortic stenosis (80%; P = 1.000). Conversely, the immunoexpression of S mutans was 37.40 (IC95% = 1.49‐937.00) times superior in samples of patients with cardiac disease (P = .007). The immunoexpression analysis showed that CD61 was present in seven (70%) calcified aortic stenosis samples, all of which were also immunopositive for S mutans.ConclusionsStreptococcus mutans was found in the oral cavity, healthy valve tissue, and calcified aortic stenosis samples. However, the microorganism was visualized by immunohistochemistry only in the calcified aortic stenosis samples, which may suggest viability and an increased bacterial density in this condition. The association of the presence of S mutans and positive CD61 immunoexpression suggests a probable relationship with calcified aortic stenosis.
Viscosity drives texture perception of protein beverages more than hydrocolloid type
Authors: Wagoner Ty B. , Çakır‐Fuller Esra , Shingleton Rebecca , Drake MaryAnne , Foegeding E. Allen 
Published: July 2019

AbstractHydrocolloids are added to alter rheological properties of beverages but have other properties that can contribute to overall taste and texture perception. In this study, tapioca starch and λ‐carrageenan were used to determine how hydrocolloid type, viscosity level (4–6 mPa·s, 25–30 mPa·s, and 50–60 mPa·s at 50 s−1), and complexity of the system (aqueous, skim milk, or whole milk) influence sensory taste and texture of fluids. All fluids were shear thinning; however, skim milk and whole milk solutions that contained carrageenan had much higher low shear viscosity and lower high shear viscosity than those with starch. There was a significant effect of viscosity level on sensory perception of consistency, creamy/oily, mouthcoating, and residual mouthcoating in aqueous, skim milk, and whole milk beverages, and a weak effect of hydrocolloid type. However, normalizing creamy/oily, paste, and mouthcoating against sensory consistency removed the effect of hydrocolloid type. Flavors (cream, cooked, cardboard, and melon/cardboard) were associated with the type of hydrocolloid and milk protein ingredient. Temporal dominance of sensations showed that samples exhibit similar temporal sensory profiles, although the addition of hydrocolloids enhanced dominance of creaminess even in samples without fat. Hydrocolloid type did not significantly influence mouthcoating or the persistence of astringency. Additionally, increasing viscosity from 3 to 74 mPa·s at 50 s−1 did not suppress perceived sweet or salty taste. The results suggest that in fluid systems with viscosity levels typically found in beverages, textural properties are determined by viscosity and independent of the type of hydrocolloid.
Effects of regulating gut microbiota on the serotonin metabolism in the chronic unpredictable mild stress rat model
Authors: Li Huawei , Wang Peng , Huang Luqiao , Li Ping , Zhang Dianliang 
Published: July 2019

AbstractObjectiveThis study was to inspect the antidepressant‑like effect of prebiotics and probiotics, and to explore the effect of modulating gut microbiota on the serotonin (5‐HT) metabolism.MethodsFifty rats were separated into control and other four groups randomly. The four groups underwent the chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) intervention with or without prebiotics and probiotics (Bifidobacterium longum, L. rhamnosus) treatment. After weighted, the animals underwent a series of behavioral tests comprising the sucrose preference test (SPT) and the forced swimming test (FST). Central and colonic serotonin levels and relative metabolism factors were measured and analyzed. Microbiota was examined by 16S rRNA gene pyrosequencing.ResultsCUMS intervention caused a decrease in body weight, an increase in FST, and a decrease in SPT. Prebiotics and probiotics all ameliorated the CUMS‐induced loss of weight and depressive‐like behaviors to a certain extent, especially L. rhamnosus. Compared with the group of CUMS intervention, the rats of probiotics and probiotics treatment had a tendency to reduce colonic 5‐HT and increase 5‐HT in frontal cortex and hippocampus. However, there was no significant difference in peripheral blood 5‐HT among these groups. Furthermore, CUMS caused noteworthy gut microbiota variations at the phylum and other levels in rats. Remarkably, there were considerable relations of perturbed gut microbiota with the changed metabolism of 5‐HT.ConclusionIn conclusion, these findings implied that prebiotics and probiotics have antidepressive effects, and a considerable effect on the regulation of 5‐HT metabolism, especially L. rhamnosus.
Leverage Dynamics and the Burden of Debt
Authors: Juselius Mikael , Drehmann Mathias 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIn addition to leverage, the debt service burden of households and firms is an important link between financial and real developments at the aggregate level. Using US data from 1985 to 2017, we find that the debt service burden has sizeable negative effects on expenditure. Its interplay with leverage also explains several data puzzles, including the lack of above‐trend output growth during credit booms and the severity of ensuing recessions, without appealing to large shocks or nonlinearities. Estimating the model with data up to 2005, it predicts credit and expenditure paths that closely match actual developments before and during the Great Recession.
Weight loss effects of circuit training interventions: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Seo Young‐Gyun , Noh Hye‐Mi , Kim Soo Young 
Published: July 2019

SummaryThis meta‐analysis aimed to assess the weight loss effects of circuit training interventions in adults. A computerized search was conducted using the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, PubMed, and EMBASE online databases. The analysis was restricted to randomized controlled trials that evaluated the effects of circuit training interventions on body weight and body mass index in adults aged 18 years or older. Meta‐analyses were conducted using the random‐effect model to estimate the weighted mean difference (WMD) with 95% confidence interval (CI). Nine randomized controlled trials (837 participants) were included. Significant intervention effects were identified for body weight (WMD = −3.81 kg, 95% CI −5.60 to −2.02) and body mass index (WMD = −1.77 kg/m2, 95% CI −2.49 to −1.04). Subgroup analysis by body mass index status showed that the intervention effect was significant only in participants with obesity or overweight (obesity: WMD = −5.15 kg, 95% CI −8.81 to −1.50 and overweight: WMD = −3.89 kg, 95% CI −7.00 to −0.77, respectively) but not in those with normal weight. Current evidence suggests that circuit training effectively reduces body weight and body mass index in adults with overweight and obesity.
Clinical predictors of antitachycardia pacing response in implantable cardioverter defibrillator patients
Authors: Harrison Joshua W. , Manola Akrivi , Kalluri Lakshmi K. , Duvall W. Lane , Giedrimiene Dalia , Kluger Jeffrey W. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundAntitachycardia pacing (ATP) provides safe and painless termination of reentrant ventricular arrhythmias in patients with implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICDs), improving their quality of life. Established predictors of ATP responsiveness are not well known; only longer ventricular tachycardia (VT) cycle length and higher ejection fraction have been found to predict ATP success.ObjectiveTo investigate clinical and ECG predictors of ATP response in ICD patients with monomorphic VT.MethodsThe ICD clinic database was searched for monomorphic VT events requiring ICD therapy in patients with ischemic or non‐ischemic cardiomyopathy. Each patient's first ICD encounter for VT was assessed. Patient demographics, clinical characteristics, VT rate, and ATP responsiveness (always, sometimes, and never successful) were recorded. An ECG was analyzed for QRS morphology and duration. Data was assessed for predictors of ATP responsiveness.ResultsIn 527 patients, characteristics associated with always successful ATP included ACE‐I/ARB therapy and slower VT rate (never successful ATP 197 ± 28 bpm, sometimes successful ATP 190 ± 27 bpm, always successful ATP 183 ± 22 bpm, P < .0001). Secondary prevention indication, amiodarone therapy, and longer QRS duration were associated with ATP failure. After multivariate analysis, only faster VT rate and amiodarone therapy were predictive of ATP failure.ConclusionsNeither QRS morphology nor duration was predictive of ATP success. Slower VT rate was predictive of repeated ATP responsiveness. Amiodarone therapy, which is known to increase VT cycle length, interestingly was associated with ATP failure for unclear reasons. More individualized and possibly more aggressive ATP programming may be warranted in patients on amiodarone.
Osteoblasts contribute to a protective niche that supports melanoma cell proliferation and survival
Authors: Ferguson Jennifer , Wilcock Daniel J. , McEntegart Sophie , Badrock Andrew P. , Levesque Mitch , Dummer Reinhard , Wellbrock Claudia , Smith Michael P. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractMelanoma is the deadliest form of skin cancer; a primary driver of this high level of morbidity is the propensity of melanoma cells to metastasize. When malignant tumours develop distant metastatic lesions the new local tissue niche is known to impact on the biology of the cancer cells. However, little is known about how different metastatic tissue sites impact on frontline targeted therapies. Intriguingly, melanoma bone lesions have significantly lower response to BRAF or MEK inhibitor therapies. Here, we have investigated how the cellular niche of the bone can support melanoma cells by stimulating growth and survival via paracrine signalling between osteoblasts and cancer cells. Melanoma cells can enhance the differentiation of osteoblasts leading to increased production of secreted ligands, including RANKL. Differentiated osteoblasts in turn can support melanoma cell proliferation and survival via the secretion of RANKL that elevates the levels of the transcription factor MITF, even in the presence of BRAF inhibitor. By blocking RANKL signalling, either via neutralizing antibodies, genetic alterations or the RANKL receptor inhibitor SPD304, the survival advantage provided by osteoblasts could be overcome.
Patient Heal Thyself: Reducing Hospital Readmissions with Technology‐Enabled Continuity of Care and Patient Activation
Authors: Queenan Carrie , Cameron Kellas , Snell Alan , Smalley Julia , Joglekar Nitin 
Published: July 2019

Patients’ skills, knowledge, and motivation to actively engage in their health care are assessed with the patient activation measure (PAM). The literature on the role of PAM, when patient counseling is coupled with a technology enabled continuity of care intervention, is scant. We model the patient–health care provider feedback loop and learning through error corrections to explore the relations between continuity of care, PAM and patient readmissions. We test this model using data from a randomized, controlled field experiment. Our data show a direct effect of technology‐enabled continuity of care, together with its interaction with PAM, reduces readmissions over the base case without technology enabled continuity of care. Using exploratory analysis, we further show how a machine learning algorithm can be used to predict PAM, that can potentially furnish health care providers with useful information during the process of supporting their patients.
It's about effort: Impact of implicit affect on cardiovascular response is context dependent
Authors: Framorando David , Gendolla Guido H. E. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBased on the Implicit‐Affect‐Primes‐Effort model, we tested whether the effect of implicitly processed affect primes on cardiovascular responses is limited to settings that call for effort and in which implicit affect can inform about subjective task demand. Participants were presented with letter series and briefly flashed sadness versus happiness primes. Half of the participants were asked to memorize all occurring vowels (achievement context), while the other half merely watched the series (watching context). Responses of cardiac pre‐ejection period, heart rate, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure supported the predictions. As expected, in the challenging achievement‐context condition, happiness primes led to stronger cardiovascular reactivity than sadness primes. By contrast, reactivity was modest in both affect prime conditions when the participants merely watched the stimuli. That is, the impact of affect primes on cardiovascular responses was limited to a setting that directly called for effort mobilization.
A cross‐cultural review and perspective on status striving
Authors: Kim Hee Young , Pettit Nathan C. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractA significant body of research on the motives and pathways to attaining status has accumulated in the last few decades. At the same time, many of the commonly held assumptions and established findings in the status literature are drawn from research conducted in industrialized Western cultures. In this article, we review several fundamental differences between two widely studied cultures—Eastern and Western cultures—and propose that the core premises in the status literature map far more neatly onto what is known about Western cultures and less well onto what is known of Eastern cultures. More specifically, we examine cross‐cultural differences with respect to the meaning of status, motives underlying status pursuits, and the pathways that lead to status. We note how the reasons behind status pursuits may diverge among people from these two cultures, and how the behaviors that people employ when striving for status in Western cultures may not be effective in Eastern cultures. We conclude by proposing several avenues for future research.
Root endodermal barrier system contributes to defence against plant‐parasitic cyst and root‐knot nematodes
Authors: Holbein Julia , Franke Rochus B. , Marhavý Peter , Fujita Satoshi , Górecka Mirosława , Sobczak Mirosław , Geldner Niko , Schreiber Lukas , Grundler Florian M. W. , Siddique Shahid 
Published: July 2019

SummaryPlant‐parasitic nematodes (PPNs) cause tremendous yield losses worldwide in almost all economically important crops. The agriculturally most important PPNs belong to a small group of root‐infecting sedentary endoparasites that includes cyst and root‐knot nematodes. Both cyst and root‐knot nematodes induce specialized long‐term feeding structures in root vasculature from which they obtain their nutrients. A specialized cell layer in roots called the endodermis, which has cell walls reinforced with suberin deposits and a lignin‐based Casparian strip (CS), protects the vascular cylinder against abiotic and biotic threats. To date, the role of the endodermis, and especially of suberin and the CS, during plant–nematode interactions was largely unknown. Here, we analyzed the role of suberin and CS during interaction between Arabidopsis plants and two sedentary root‐parasitic nematode species, the cyst nematode Heterodera schachtii and the root‐knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita. We found that nematode infection damages the endodermis leading to the activation of suberin biosynthesis genes at nematode infection sites. Although feeding sites induced by both cyst and root‐knot nematodes are surrounded by endodermis during early stages of infection, the endodermis is degraded during later stages of feeding site development, indicating periderm formation or ectopic suberization of adjacent tissue. Chemical suberin analysis showed a characteristic suberin composition resembling peridermal suberin in nematode‐infected tissue. Notably, infection assays using Arabidopsis lines with CS defects and impaired compensatory suberization, revealed that the CS and suberization impact nematode infectivity and feeding site size. Taken together, our work establishes the role of the endodermal barrier system in defence against a soil‐borne pathogen.