bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The association between diabetes and olfactory impairment in adults: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Kim Sun Joo , Windon Melina J. , Lin Sandra Y. 
Published: August 2019

BackgroundEvidence suggests that olfactory impairment (OI) may be a degenerative neurologic complication of diabetes; however, the association is not yet well established. The objective of this work was to systematically review existing literature on the association between diabetes and OI in adults, with meta‐analysis of evaluable studies.MethodsA literature search encompassing 358 abstracts from the last 75 years in PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane was performed. English‐language articles investigating adults with diabetes and OI in comparison to control groups with original data and ≥7 subjects were included. The Newcastle‐Ottawa scale was applied for quality assessment. Two investigators independently reviewed all articles. For meta‐analysis, the odds ratio of OI in diabetes compared with control groups was calculated using the fixed effects model.ResultsThe initial search yielded 358 abstracts, from which 21 articles were reviewed and 11 articles (n = 6,747) were included. Studies included were case‐control (64%) or cross‐sectional (36%) with evidence level 3b. On the Newcastle‐Ottawa scale, the mean quality assessment score for case‐control and cross‐sectional studies was 7.4 (maximum of 9) and 7.0 (maximum of 10), respectively. A statistically significant association between diabetes and olfaction compared with controls was found in 6 (55%) of the 11 articles. Four studies were eligible for meta‐analysis, which yielded an overall odds of having OI with diabetes as 1.58 times more likely than in control groups (95% CI [1.16, 2.16]; I2 = 10.3%).ConclusionsThe reviewed studies support a significant association between diabetes and OI. Further studies are warranted to characterize this association.Level of Evidence3a
Experimental investigation of the scalability of roller‐clinching processes with regard to joint strength and failure mode
Authors: Vitzthum S. , Hiller M. , Volk W. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractClinching is a joining technology, which does not need any auxiliary joining elements, and which enables a wide variety of different materials to be joined. Therefore, it fulfills the demands of multi‐material lightweight design. Because of the translational tool movement, continuous joining is not possible. To overcome this disadvantage, roller clinching uses rotational tool movement. It is a novel joining technology, which combines the advantages of conventional clinching with rotary processes. Based on previous studies, the process scalability of roller clinching is investigated within this study. A comprehensive experimental parameter study is thus shown to reveal the influence of the following geometrical process parameters: roll distance, punch and die rolling radii and clinchpoint diameter. Furthermore, process limits are identified. The joint quality is evaluated using three different methods. Microsections are recorded and the joint strength is measured using pull‐out as well as shear tests. The results are shown in relation to each other and connected to the particular failure mode. Finally, conclusions are derived to enable the further development of the process of roller clinching.
Influence of the jet velocity on the weld quality of magnetic pulse welded dissimilar sheet joints of aluminum and steel
Authors: Schumacher E. , Rebensdorf A. , Böhm S. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe object of this investigation is to determine the influence of the jet velocity on the weld quality of sheet joints produced via magnetic pulse welding. The use of a suitable high‐speed camera system enables to observe the jet in detail, to determine its velocity during the collision process and to compare them to the achieved qualities (tensile strength, weld seam characteristics) of the welded samples. The results show that the quality of the weld generally correlates with the jet velocity, however the mere consideration of its velocity proves not to be a promising approach for predicting a specific weld quality. It becomes evident that the jet thickness has to be considered, since quality‐critical characteristics of the weld seam appears in greater extent when the jet thickness increases.
Technical Note: PYRO‐NN: Python reconstruction operators in neural networks
Authors: Syben Christopher , Michen Markus , Stimpel Bernhard , Seitz Stephan , Ploner Stefan , Maier Andreas K. 
Published: August 2019

PurposeRecently, several attempts were conducted to transfer deep learning to medical image reconstruction. An increasingly number of publications follow the concept of embedding the computed tomography (CT) reconstruction as a known operator into a neural network. However, most of the approaches presented lack an efficient CT reconstruction framework fully integrated into deep learning environments. As a result, many approaches use workarounds for mathematically unambiguously solvable problems.MethodsPYRO‐NN is a generalized framework to embed known operators into the prevalent deep learning framework Tensorflow. The current status includes state‐of‐the‐art parallel‐, fan‐, and cone‐beam projectors, and back‐projectors accelerated with CUDA provided as Tensorflow layers. On top, the framework provides a high‐level Python API to conduct FBP and iterative reconstruction experiments with data from real CT systems.ResultsThe framework provides all necessary algorithms and tools to design end‐to‐end neural network pipelines with integrated CT reconstruction algorithms. The high‐level Python API allows a simple use of the layers as known from Tensorflow. All algorithms and tools are referenced to a scientific publication and are compared to existing non‐deep learning reconstruction frameworks. To demonstrate the capabilities of the layers, the framework comes with baseline experiments, which are described in the supplementary material. The framework is available as open‐source software under the Apache 2.0 licence at https://github.com/csyben/PYRO-NN.ConclusionsPYRO‐NN comes with the prevalent deep learning framework Tensorflow and allows to setup end‐to‐end trainable neural networks in the medical image reconstruction context. We believe that the framework will be a step toward reproducible research and give the medical physics community a toolkit to elevate medical image reconstruction with new deep learning techniques.
Discarded portions of bone marrow aspirates are a new resource for patient‐derived mesenchymal stem and stromal cells
Authors: Viola Shelton A. , Aftab Chantel 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem and stromal cells (BM‐MSCs) protect malignant cells from chemotherapy and are important potential therapeutic targets. Isolating primary BM‐MSCs for research traditionally requires the sacrifice of valuable cell populations from within the same sample. To avoid this, we report here a resource for isolating patient‐derived BM‐MSCs from the red blood cell layer of ficoll gradients of bone marrow aspirates, a resource that has until now been universally discarded. This resource yields BM‐MSCs nearly identical to those obtained conventionally and includes cells with a more stem‐cell like nature. Obtaining primary BM‐MSCs in this way will likely expand opportunities to study this important cell population.
Streptococcus pneumoniae G5 domains bind different ligands
Authors: Paukovich Natasia , Redzic Jasmina S. , Chi Ying‐Chih , Rahkola Jeremy T. , Issaian Aaron , Blue Ashley , Hansen Kirk C. , Janoff Edward N. , Eisenmesser Elan Z. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractMany bacterial pathogens express small G5 domains that exist in the context of various membrane‐anchored proteins and these G5 domains have been associated with colonization, cellular adhesion, and biofilm formation. However, despite over a decade since the computational prediction of these G5 domains, many remain uncharacterized, particularly those from Streptococcus pneumoniae. Of five previously predicted G5 domains we found that four of these, all derived from S. pneumoniae, are independently folded modules. As one of these exhibits extreme line broadening due to self‐association, we were able to use NMR solution studies to probe the potential ligand interactions of the remaining three G5 domains. None of these G5 domains engage N‐acetylglucosamine (NAG) as previously predicted but do interact with other small molecules that may modulate adherence to both bacteria and host cells. Specifically, while all G5 domains tested engage Zn, only one of these G5 domains engage heparin. NMR solution structural studies of the IgA1 Protease G5 (IgA1P‐G5) and endo‐beta‐N‐acetylglucosaminidase‐D G5 (ENDD‐G5) also facilitated identification of the ligand binding sites and confirm the typical G5 fold that comprises two connected β‐sheets with no canonical core. NMR relaxation experiments indicate flexibility on both ends and within the connecting regions between the β‐sheets. Our studies thus establish a basis for future biological experiments to test whether the ligands presented here are involved in bacterial adherence, either to bacteria or to host cells.
Increased infiltration of CCR4‐positive regulatory T cells in prostate cancer tissue is associated with a poor prognosis
Authors: Watanabe Masahito , Kanao Kent , Suzuki Susumu , Muramatsu Hiroyuki , Morinaga Singo , Kajikawa Keishi , Kobayashi Ikuo , Nishikawa Genya , Kato Yoshiharu , Zennami Kenji , Nakamura Kogenta , Tsuzuki Toyonori , Yoshikawa Kazuhiro , Ueda Ryuzo , Sumitomo Makoto 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackgroundRegulatory T cells (Tregs) play important roles in the suppression of immune responses, including antitumor immune responses. C‐C chemokine receptor 4 (CCR4) is highly expressed on effector Tregs, and anti‐CCR4 antibody is attracting attention as a novel immunotherapeutic agent for solid tumors. This study aimed to evaluate the expression of CCR4‐positive Tregs (CCR4+Tregs) in prostate cancer and estimate the clinical potential of CCR4‐targeting therapy for prostate cancer.MethodsA total of 15 radical prostatectomy (RP) specimens and 60 biopsy specimens from individuals diagnosed with prostate cancer were analyzed to evaluate the infiltration of CCR4+Tregs in prostate cancer. The relationships between the number of CCR4+Tregs and clinical parameters were investigated in RP and biopsy specimens. Moreover, the total number of Tregs, CCR4+Tregs, and T cells and the ratio of CCR4+Tregs to Tregs and T cells in biopsy specimens were compared between patients with poor prognosis who progressed to castration‐resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) within 12 months (n = 13) and those with good prognosis who were stable with hormone‐sensitive prostate cancer over 12 months (n = 47). Furthermore, biopsy specimens were divided into two groups: low and high CCR4+Treg expression groups and the prognosis was compared between them.ResultsThere was a higher expression of CCR4+Tregs in RP specimens with a higher (≥8) Gleason score than in those with a lower (<8) Gleason score (P = .041). In biopsy specimens, 65.9% Tregs were positive for CCR4. The number of CCR4+Tregs positively correlated with clinical stage (P < .001) and Gleason score (P = .006). The total number of Tregs and CCR4+Tregs significantly increased in the poor prognosis group compared with that in the good prognosis group (P = .024 and .01, respectively). Furthermore, patients with lower CCR4+Treg expression levels showed a significantly longer time to progression to CRPC (not reached vs 27.3 months; P < .001) and median survival time (not reached vs 69.0 months; P = .014) than those with higher expression levels.ConclusionsCCR4+Tregs are highly infiltrated in the prostate tissue of patients with poor prognosis with potential to progress to CRPC. Furthermore, the degree of infiltration of CCR4+Tregs is related to the prognosis of prostate cancer.
A survey on multivariate adaptive control charts: Recent developments and extensions
Authors: Perdikis Theodoros , Psarakis Stelios 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIn the world of business, quality improvement is of high importance for the manufacturing industries. Statistical process control via control charts provides an online monitoring of the product's characteristic. The adaptive feature is being widely used in the design parameters of a control chart, which allows at least one of them to change during the process monitoring. Specifically, a control chart is considered adaptive if at least one of the chart's parameters (sample size, sampling interval, or control limit coefficient) is allowed to change in real time on the basis of the actual values of the sample statistics. In this paper, recent developments in the design of multivariate adaptive control schemes are presented and discussed.
Characterizing the iron loading pattern of ferritin using high‐mass matrix‐assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry
Authors: Lan Jiayi , Zenobi Renato 
Published: August 2019

RationaleFerritin is an iron storage protein assembly, usually formed by a 24‐subunit protein shell and an iron core. The ferritin shell has been well studied using various structural biology tools such as X‐ray diffraction and cryo‐electron microscopy, whereas the iron status of ferritin is less studied and no well‐established method exists for characterizing the distribution of the iron loading of ferritin. Recent advances in mass spectrometry (MS) have expanded the observable m/z range, making the measurement of ferritin possible with MS. In this study, matrix‐assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI)‐MS was employed to quantify the iron content of ferritin.MethodsThe iron content of ferritin was quantified using a MALDI‐MS system coupled with a commercially available ion conversions dynode high‐mass detector. IgG1 antibody and its aggregates were used as external mass calibrants. The stability of HoloFt and ApoFt was also assessed in this study under different conditions, including various buffer pH, crosslinking agents and MALDI laser intensities.ResultsThe differences in peak width of HoloFt, ApoFt and IgG1 indicate the existence of mineral adducts in both HoloFt and ApoFt, and the mineral loading is heterogeneous among the HoloFt and ApoFt population. An average of 2773 ± 1584 iron atoms were determined for a commercial HoloFt sample. The iron core inside the ferritin complex is shown to stabilize and maintain the intact globular complex structure of ferritin.ConclusionsThis work introduces a MALDI‐MS‐based workflow for characterizing the ferritin iron loading pattern, which is meaningful for clinical analysis of iron deficiency/overload. In addition, the stability of ferritin is examined under various conditions, providing a guideline for further method development related to ferritin complex.
Large‐Pore Mesoporous CeO2–ZrO2 Solid Solutions with In‐Pore Confined Pt Nanoparticles for Enhanced CO Oxidation
Authors: Yang Xuanyu , Cheng Xiaowei , Ma Junhao , Zou Yidong , Luo Wei , Deng Yonghui 
Published: August 2019

AbstractActive and stable catalysts are highly desired for converting harmful substances (e.g., CO, NOx) in exhaust gases of vehicles into safe gases at low exhaust temperatures. Here, a solvent evaporation–induced co‐assembly process is employed to design ordered mesoporous CexZr1−xO2 (0 ≤ x ≤ 1) solid solutions by using high‐molecular‐weight poly(ethylene oxide)‐block‐polystyrene as the template. The obtained mesoporous CexZr1−xO2 possesses high surface area (60–100 m2 g−1) and large pore size (12–15 nm), enabling its great capacity in stably immobilizing Pt nanoparticles (4.0 nm) without blocking pore channels. The obtained mesoporous Pt/Ce0.8Zr0.2O2 catalyst exhibits superior CO oxidation activity with a very low T100 value of 130 °C (temperature of 100% CO conversion) and excellent stability due to the rich lattice oxygen vacancies in the Ce0.8Zr0.2O2 framework. The simulated catalytic evaluations of CO oxidation combined with various characterizations reveal that the intrinsic high surface oxygen mobility and well‐interconnected pore structure of the mesoporous Pt/Ce0.8Zr0.2O2 catalyst are responsible for the remarkable catalytic efficiency. Additionally, compared with mesoporous Pt/CexZr1−xO2‐s with small pore size (3.8 nm), ordered mesoporous Pt/CexZr1−xO2 not only facilitates the mass diffusion of reactants and products, but also provides abundant anchoring sites for Pt nanoparticles and numerous exposed catalytically active interfaces for efficient heterogeneous catalysis.
Ti3C2 MXene Paper for the Effective Adsorption and Controllable Release of Aroma Molecules
Authors: Ciou Jing‐Hao , Li Shaohui , Lee Pooi See 
Published: August 2019

AbstractOlfactory sensing and perception play an important role in people's daily lives and greatly affects senses, emotions, and behavior. In particular, the development of the controlled release of aroma enhances human's well‐being and strengthens interactions with surroundings through olfactory display, especial when combined with visual and audial cues. Here, Ti3C2 MXene plays a dual‐function role as the adsorption site of aroma molecules and the heating source for the controlled release of aroma molecules. Due to abundant termination groups on the surface and the metallic nature, Ti3C2 MXene provides abundant active sites for the interaction with aroma molecules; simultaneously, MXene can be electrically heated to thermally desorb the aroma molecules from the interaction sites. This approach eliminates the interface incompatibility issues between the heating source and the molecular encapsulation layer in conventional olfactory display system. This work presents the controlled release of the aroma molecule phenethyl alcohol (PA) using Ti3C2 MXene paper. Ti3C2 MXene paper serves as the adsorption material and a heating source that achieves 100 °C within 1 s. The relative amount of PA released reaches nearly 100% after 1 min of heating.
Effective multifunctional additives for concrete based on the wastes of the oil industry
Authors: Ristavletov Raimberdi , Baybolov Kanat , Kopzhasarov Bakhadyr , Kambarov Medet , Imanaliev Kuanysh , Ibraimbayeva Gulnaz , Abshenov Khassen , Kudabayev Ruslan 
Published: August 2019

AbstractWe consider the issues of obtaining multifunctional additives for concretes and mortars based on waste of the fat‐and‐oil industry. The results of research on the composition and properties of tar oil distillation of fatty acids of the fat‐and‐oil industry (gossypol resin) demonstrate the possibility of their use as raw materials to obtain chemical admixtures for concrete. The necessity of the modification of waste production of vegetable oil was identified with the aim of reducing the negative impact of nonwater‐soluble fractions on structurization, which is expressed in the blocking of products of cement hydration and by reducing the potential strength of the concrete. The results of physical and chemical research on additives were obtained according to the influence of the volume of injected additives on the properties of concrete, which showed a polyfunctional effect. We have justified the technical, economic, and environmental effects of chemical additives on the basis of waste of the fat‐and‐oil industry.
Influence of compressive fatigue on the sulfate resistance of slag contained concrete under steam curing
Authors: Yan Xiancui , Yang Guohui , Jiang Linhua , Song Zijian , Guo Mingzhi , Chen Yunjie 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThis paper investigated the influence of compressive fatigue on the sulfate resistance of slag (0, 20, 50, and 70%) contained concrete under steam curing. After 10,000 cycles loading of 0.5, 0.6, and 0.7 stress level, the concrete was exposed to 5% Na2SO4 for 540 days. The compressive strength, relative dynamic modulus of elasticity (RDME) and SO42− contents were tested after sulfate immersion. Results showed that the standard‐cured fatigued concrete had less strength reduction than the steam‐cured fatigued concrete during sulfate attack. The steam‐cured fatigued concrete containing 20% slag suffered the largest strength reduction, followed by the concrete containing 50, 70, and 0% slag. Compressive fatigue at high stress level (0.7) accelerated the sulfate deterioration of PC standard‐cured concrete, while the effect of low stress level (0.5) was minor. The RDME was not a sensitive indicator to access the sulfate resistance of concrete at the beginning of immersion. Compressive fatigue distinctly promoted the sulfate diffusion; the effective SO42− diffusion coefficient was increased when damage occurred in slag concrete. Besides, based on the fatigue damage, an experimental model of the sulfate deterioration of fatigued concrete was proposed.
Long‐term outcome of postmenopausal women with non‐atypical endometrial hyperplasia on endometrial sampling
Authors: Rotenberg O. , Fridman D. , Doulaveris G. , Renz M. , Kaplan J. , Gebb J. , Xie X. , Goldberg G. L. , Dar P. 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo assess the long‐term outcome of postmenopausal women diagnosed with non‐atypical endometrial hyperplasia (NEH).MethodsThis was a retrospective study of women aged 55 or older who underwent endometrial sampling in our academic medical center between 1997 and 2008. Women who had a current or recent (< 2 years) histological diagnosis of NEH were included in the study group and were compared with those diagnosed with atrophic endometrium (AE). Outcome data were obtained until February 2018. The main outcomes were risk of progression to endometrial carcinoma and risk of persistence, recurrence or new development of endometrial hyperplasia (EH) (‘persistent EH’). Logistic regression analysis was used to identify covariates that were independent risk factors for progression to endometrial cancer or persistent
EH.ResultsDuring the study period, 1808 women aged 55 or older underwent endometrial sampling. The median surveillance time was 10.0 years. Seventy‐two women were found to have a current or recent diagnosis of NEH and were compared with 722 women with AE. When compared to women with AE, women with NEH had significantly higher body mass index (33.9 kg/m2 vs 30.6 kg/m2; P = 0.01), greater endometrial thickness (10.00 mm vs 6.00 mm; P = 0.01) and higher rates of progression to type‐1 endometrial cancer (8.3% vs 0.8%; P = 0.0003) and persistent NEH (22.2% vs 0.7%; P < 0.0001). They also had a higher rate of progression to any type of uterine cancer or persistent EH (33.3% vs 3.5%; P < 0.0001). Women with NEH had a significantly higher rate of future surgical intervention (51.4% vs 15.8%; P < 0.0001), including future hysterectomy (34.7% vs 9.8%; P < 0.0001). On multivariable logistic regression analysis, only NEH remained a significant risk factor for progression to endometrial cancer or persistence of
EH.ConclusionsPostmenopausal women with NEH are at significant risk for persistent EH and progression to endometrial cancer, at rates higher than those reported previously. Guidelines for the appropriate management of postmenopausal women with NEH are needed in order to decrease the rate of persistent disease or progression to cancer. Copyright © 2019 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.