bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Importance of ice for the «White Olympics»
Authors: Renkel A. F. 
Published: April 2019

Organization of any winter Olympic game, often called as «White Olympics», requires interfacing between sports, technology and glaciology. History of the Olympic winter games and the Norwegian figure skater Sonia Henie, first and the only three-time Olympic champion (1928, 1932, 1936) in ladies figure skating, is presented in the article. Leaving the amateurish sport, Henie became a Hollywood star of the ballet on ice. She was introduced to the inventor Frank Zamboni, who created the ice re-surfacer (the ice-cleaning combine) to restore the ice on skating rinks. Using the combine by Henie during her tours in the United States served to advertise this machine, and the name Zamboni had become a trademark for machines «Zamboni».
Disparities in Inpatient Intensity of End-of-Life Care for Complex Chronic Conditions
Authors: Johnston Emily E. , Bogetz Jori , Saynina Olga , Chamberlain Lisa J. , Bhatia Smita , Sanders Lee 
Published: April 2019

BACKGROUND:
Children with complex chronic conditions (CCCs) require a disproportionate share of health care services and have high mortality rates, but little is known about their end-of-life care.

METHODS:
We performed a retrospective population-based analysis using a California State administrative database of children aged 1 to 21 years with a CCC who died of disease-related causes between 2000 and 2013. Rates of and sociodemographic and clinical factors associated with previously defined inpatient end-of-life intensity indicators were determined. The intensity indicators included: (1) hospital death, (2) receipt of a medically intense intervention within 30 days of death (ICU admission, cardiopulmonary resuscitation, hemodialysis, and/or intubation), and (3) having ≥2 intensity markers (including hospital death).

RESULTS:
There were 8654 children in the study population with a mean death age of 11.8 years (SD 6.8). The 3 most common CCC categories were neuromuscular (47%), malignancy (43%), and cardiovascular (42%). Sixty-six percent of the children died in the hospital, 36% had a medically intense intervention in the last 30 days of life, and 35% had ≥2 intensity markers. Living in a low-income neighborhood was associated with increased odds of hospital death, a medically intense intervention, and ≥2 intensity markers. Hispanic and “other” race and/or ethnicity were associated with hospital death and ≥2 intensity markers. Age 15 to 21 years was associated with hospital death, a medically intense intervention, and ≥2 intensity markers.

CONCLUSIONS:
Sociodemographic disparities in the intensity of end-of-life care for children with CCCs raise concerns about whether all children are receiving high-quality and goal-concordant end-of-life care.
Transcendentalidade e historicidade: Derrida leitor de Husserl
Authors: Onate Alberto Marcos 
Published: April 2019

O artigo procura reconstruir a relação entre os pensadores francês e alemão, adotando o tema da história por fio condutor. A questão-chave concerne à possibilidade de elaborar-se uma história transcendental. Tal história, caso seja viável, constituirá uma historicidade, pois deverá descrever a(s) gênese(s) do(s) sentido(s)no intercâmbio necessário e incontornável entre as dimensões transcencendental e empírica. Como reduzir os vários fenômenos egóicos, temporais, intersubjetivos, etc. sem perder o âmbito empírico em que eles enraizam-se? Eis o principal desafio colocado pelos textos derridianos à obra de Husserl.
Uma solução aristotélica para o paradoxo do mentiroso em Metafísica IV, 8
Authors: De Almeida Nazareno Eduardo 
Published: April 2019

É comumente aceito, atualmente, que Aristóteles não teria enfrentado ou tentado seriamente resolver o famoso paradoxo do mentiroso, embora ele tenha sido formulado por Eubúlides de Mileto, membro da escola megárica e rival filosófico de Aristóteles. No máximo, assim reza a visão tradicional, ele parece apenas fazer uma menção desse paradoxo nas Refutações sofísticas, Capítulo 25, talvez esboçando a sua solução. O meu intento, no presente artigo, é desafiar essa opinião geral mostrando que o Estagirita fornece uma explicação implícita para duas versões do paradoxo do mentiroso, a saber, a versão autorreferencial (que pode ser apresentada pela declaração: “esta declaração é falsa”), e a versão anafórica (que pode ser apresentada por meio de duas declarações mutuamente referentes como estas: “a próxima declaração é verdadeira” e “a declaração anterior é falsa”). A minha alegação é que a solução aristotélica para essas duas versões do paradoxo encontra-se no núcleo de sua refutação de duas teses, as quais denominei como tese da synalethia (que defende que toda declaração é verdadeira) e como tese da sympseudia (que defende que toda declaração é falsa). Tal refutação é realizada no oitavo capítulo do quarto Livro da Metafísica, um texto até agora subestimado pelos intérpretes modernos, mesmo sendo a parte final de um dos mais importantes escritos de Aristóteles. A solução aristotélica, assim defendo, é levada a cabo por meio dos seguintes princípios: (i) toda declaração é sempre precedida por um operador de verdade da forma ‘é verdade que...’, ou seja, toda declaração, qualquer que seja o que ela possa declarar a mais, primariamente assevera a sua própria verdade; e, em conformidade com o princípio anterior, (ii) toda declaração que assevera a sua própria falsidade ou acarreta a verdade de sua contraditória é necessariamente falsa. Através desses princípios, a refutação de Aristóteles da synalethia e da sympseudia é bem-sucedida. Mostrarei que obtemos uma boa solução para as versões do mentiroso acima mencionadas (e implicitamente presentes nas posições refutadas), apenas aplicando esses mesmos princípios a elas. Esse tipo de solução ao mentiroso tanto quanto para as teses antes citadas é muito parecido com aquele explicitamente encontrado nas obras de diversos filósofos, a saber, Guilherme de Sherwood, Tomás Bradwardine, João Buridano, Alberto da Saxônia, Paulo Venetus, Charles S. Peirce e Arthur Prior. Assim, também defendo que essa linhagem tem as suas raízes na solução de Aristóteles.
Ambiguous se-constructions in Bulgarian and their English correspondences
Authors: Petrova Galina , Sokolov Ivan 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
The Bulgarian clitic se (Bulg. ‘се’) has a polyfunctional character due to its diverse morphological status. On the one hand, se is a reflexive pronoun in the short accusative form, which is the same for all persons, numbers, and genders. On the other, the clitic is used as a particle that can have different functions. This homonymy leads to homonymous se-constructions and ambiguous sentences with different interpretations: reflexive, reciprocal, passive, or optative. The aim of this study is to present the morphological status of the clitic in its various uses and the resulting differences in meaning of the se-constructions. A semantic-syntactic approach is adopted to differentiate between the argument and non-argument use of the clitic. If se takes argument position, the clitic is a reflexive pronoun and functions as part of the sentence. In its non-argument use, se functions as a particle and is either part of the verb lexeme or part of the verb form. In the analysis, the corresponding translations into English are provided.
A possible Slavic etymology of Hungarian komor ‘gloomy’ and komoly ‘serious’
Authors: GALAC ÁDÁM 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
The Hungarian words komor ‘gloomy’ and komoly ‘serious’ are of unknown origin. The present paper aims to elucidate this question from various angles: it gives an overview of what the Hungarian etymological dictionaries say on this topic, shows that komoly is a relatively late development out of komor, spread by the language reformers (especially by Ferenc Kazinczy) at the end of the 18th century, and presents the attempts to prove the Turkic origin of komor. Finally, it offers a Slavic etymology based on the Slavic stem *chmur-, demonstrates that semantically the two words match perfectly, and dissolves the phonological doubts that may arise at first sight.
Thrombospondin Type 1 Domain–Containing 7A Localizes to the Slit Diaphragm and Stabilizes Membrane Dynamics of Fully Differentiated Podocytes
Authors: Herwig Johanna , Skuza Sinah , Sachs Wiebke , Sachs Marlies , Failla Antonio Virgilio , Rune Gabriele , Meyer Tobias N. , Fester Lars , Meyer-Schwesinger Catherine 
Published: April 2019

Significance StatementAmong adults with membranous nephropathy, about 3%–5% have autoantibodies directed against thrombospondin type 1 domain–containing 7A (THSD7A), a podocyte-expressed transmembrane protein. To better understand the effects of THSD7A autoantibodies in this disease, the authors investigated THSD7A’s temporal expression, spatial expression, and biological function in podocytes. They found that embryonic THSD7A expression begins on glomerular vascularization and slit diaphragm formation and that THSD7A and THSD7A autoantibodies localize to the slit diaphragm domain of foot processes. Expression of THSD7A in cultured human podocytes was associated with enhanced adhesion and decreased ability to migrate, suggesting that THSD7A may be involved in stabilizing the slit diaphragm and that autoantibodies to THSD7A might structurally and functionally alter the slit diaphragm’s permeability to protein.BackgroundAbout 3%–5% of adults with membranous nephropathy have autoantibodies directed against thrombospondin type 1 domain–containing 7A (THSD7A), a podocyte-expressed transmembrane protein. However, the temporal and spatial expression of THSD7A and its biologic function for podocytes are unknown, information that is needed to understand the effects of THSD7A autoantibodies in this disease.MethodsUsing a variety of microscopic techniques, we analyzed THSD7A localization in postnatal, adult, and autoantibody-injected mice as well as in human podocytes. We also analyzed THSD7A function in human podocytes using confocal microscopy; Western blotting; and adhesion and migration assays.ResultsWe found that THSD7A expression begins on glomerular vascularization with slit diaphragm formation in development. THSD7A localizes to the basal aspect of foot processes, closely following the meanders of the slit diaphragm in human and mice. Autoantibodies binding to THSD7A localize to the slit diaphragm. In human podocytes, THSD7A expression is accentuated at filopodia and thin arborized protrusions, an expression pattern associated with decreased membrane activity of cytoskeletal regulators. We also found that, phenotypically, THSD7A expression in human podocytes is associated not only with increases in cell size, enhanced adhesion, and reduced detachment from collagen type IV–coated plates but also, with decreased ability to migrate.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that THSD7A functions as a foot process protein involved in the stabilization of the slit diaphragm of mature podocytes and that autoantibodies to THSD7A, on the basis of their localization, might structurally and functionally alter the slit diaphragm’s permeability to protein.
Competitividad del sector transporte terrestre intermunicipal de pasajeros por carretera en Boyacá: una aproximación al estado del arte
Authors: Rodríguez - Álvarez Diego Armando , Pérez - Martínez Rosa Nely 
Published: April 2019

Introducción: la competitividad se ha convertido en un elemento que caracteriza la dinámica de un sector o una organización y su búsqueda ha provocado la construcción y aplicación de herramientas que permiten mejorar las condiciones en las que dichas organizaciones compiten en el mercado. Metodología: su desarrollo metodológico se basó en la consulta y análisis de fuentes documentales para establecer el estado en el cual se halla la investigación del sector involucrado. Dicha revisión permite establecer que no ha existido, por tradición, un interés investigativo en el sector, salvo en sus aspectos puramente técnicos, los que han sido realizados por instituciones educativas de orden superior, más no así en el campo de la gestión del mismo. Resultados: particularmente, esta investigación presenta resultados de una revisión teórica de la competitividad del transporte intermunicipal de pasajeros por carretera en Boyacá (Colombia), con el ánimo de colaborar a investigaciones más profundas como contribución al desarrollo de este sector en la región. Conclusiones: se concluye que es evidente profundizar en investigaciones que aborden los elementos propiciadores de la competitividad del sector.
Modelo de Balance Social para las JAC en Colombia y Organizaciones Similares en América Latina
Authors: Villalobos Garrido Diego Fernando , Henao Guevara Ingrid Suley 
Published: April 2019

Introducción. El artículo presenta una caracterización de las diferencias conceptuales y prácticas en las Juntas de Acción Comunal (JAC) y otras organizaciones similares del sector solidario en Colombia, continua con la comparación del concepto de JAC en diferentes países de América Latina y finaliza con la identificación de la información que debe contener un modelo de balance social para estas organizaciones. Metodología. La investigación fue de tipo descriptiva, utilizando como métodos la deducción, la sistematización de información y la observación de un grupo de control. Resultados. Para validar la utilidad del modelo se tomó la información de los resultados obtenidos durante el 2015 en dos JAC y se aplicó el modelo, evidenciando el impacto de gestión de estas en las comunidades donde tienen presencia, permitiendo calcular los recursos liberados y las externalidades. Conclusiones. Para tener un panoramas más amplio con relación al Modelo de Balance Social para las JAC, a futuro se deberán incorporar algunos aspectos fundamentales como los mecanismos democráticos efectivos de toma de decisiones (democracia interna); los mecanismos de inserción social, redistribución e inclusión de las vulnerabilidades (justicia social); los impactos obtenidos por las JAC en el entramado social comunitario (construcción del tejido social comunitario); entre otros aspectos.
Urban Response For Architectural Transformations In The Traditional City
Authors: Al-Jumaily Saad , AbdulMajeed Rafal 
Published: April 2019

Cities as a design didn’t appear in existent directly but it comes from growth, changing and permanent response to human requirements over decades. Also, each generation takes what others produce, rearrange and replace. Thus, the city is a developing structure that responds to human needs through which a system that includes relationships and essential joints. Each city in the world depends on urban structure and Infra-structure. This research studies the transformations which happened to the traditional cities that come from technology, political, and economic challenges. These challenges try to inventory the city from its architectural characteristics, on the other hand, some of these challenges became the motivation to develop cites and response with technological development. Therefore, the problem of the research is the architectural transformations which are the result of high development for the traditional cities missed the urban and environmental forms that were present in the traditional cities.
This research aims to identify the reconciliation the changeable architectural formations and attempting at benefit from urban influences of the traditional cities. The research finding that the process of continuation and dealing with the modern idea is an essential issue, because the holding on the ancient without awareness that leads to lose all structural characteristics of the city, and becomes just a skeleton without any functional and aesthetic spirit.
Life style as a risk factor of human Papillomavirus co-infections with Trichomonas vaginalis in female sex workers
Authors: Odigie Efosa Bolaji , Okungbowa Micheal Awol 
Published: April 2019

BACKGROUNDAsymptomatic Trichomonas vaginalis (TV) and human papillomavirus (HPV) co-infection is perceived to have a devastating combined effect on victims. Hence, we investigated TV/ HPV co-infection and determined the risk factors associated with it in female sex workers (FSW).METHODSA cross-sectional study was used to recruit 338 subjects from 6 local government areas (LGAs) in Nigeria for 18 months. Agglutination tests for blood samples, and direct and wet examination of urine and vaginal swabs were conducted in the laboratory. Life style of FSWs was surveyed; data were analyzed with Chi-Square test (X2), paired and unpaired t-test and logistic regression analysis with statistical significance set at p< 0.05.RESULTSLife style characteristics were significantly associated with HPV and TV co-infection (p < 0.001). The model explained 49.9% (Nagelkerke R2) of the variance in infections among FSWs and effectively classified 93.2% of cases. Those involved in oral sex were 1.795 times more likely to be infected compared to those not involved (OR: 1.795; 95% C.I.: 1.005 – 33.525; p=0.001). Street and residential FSWs all have increased likelihood of being infected. Hard drug usage was also associated with an increased likelihood of being infected with the disease (OR: 3.582; 95% C.I.: 1.573 - 11.756; p=0.001).CONCLUSIONSLife style (hard drug usage and oral sex practices) was observed in association with HPV/ TV co-infection in FSWs with a preponderance of 49.9%. This study demonstrated the value of screening for genital infections in HPV positive subjects in order to reduce the probable synergistic effects of co-infections.
Psychometric properties of Persian version of Beck depression inventory in coronary patients
Authors: Ahmadi Seyed Mojtaba , Masjediarani Abbas , Bakhtiari Maryam , Davazdahemamy Mohamad Hasan , Mohamadian Rasul 
Published: April 2019

BackgroundObtaining psychometric properties regarding specific populations increases diagnostic accuracy and reduces economic health burdens. Beck depression inventory-second version (BDI-II) is useful for the screening and assessment of depression in clinical and research settings. The aim of the present study was to investigate the psychometric properties of the Persian (Farsi) version of BDI-II in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted on 284 patients with CHD admitted to Imam Ali Hospital in Kermanshah. They were first given a structured clinical interview (SCID-I) and then were asked to complete the Beck depression inventory-II (BDI-II), patient health questionnaire 9 (PHQ-9) and generalized anxiety disorder 7 (GAD-7). Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, Cronbach’s á, Spearman’s correlation coefficient, exploratory factor analysis and receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC).ResultsThe internal consistency measured using Cronbach’s alpha was 0.90. The obtained correlation of BDI-II with PHQ-9 and GAD-7 was 0.74 and 0.65, respectively (p< 0.001). Factor analysis of the inventory revealed 5 factors, namely cognitive, somatic , impaired performance , negative attitude to self and ,and self punishment respectively. The cut-off point for CHD patients was 11 with sensitivity of 0.78 and specificity of 0.81 according to the Youden index and 10 with sensitivity of 0.80 and specificity of 0.77 according to the two-stage approach. The area under the curve was 0.86 (95% Confidence Interval 0.82-0.90). ConclusionThe Persian version of the BDI-II possesses the acceptable psychometric properties that can be used to screen depression in CHD patients.
Study of inter pedicular distance of lumbar spinal canal in perspective of lumbar canal stenosis using plain antero-posterior radiographs in western population of Rajasthan, India
Authors: Bhaumik Meghna , Bhaumik Uday 
Published: April 2019

Background: Various causes have been attributed to low backache, but lumbar canal stenosis is turned out to be a major causative factor. It has been suggested that reduced IPD is one among the major cause of narrowing of the spinal canal. The objective of this study was to evaluate the inter pedicular distances in lumbar vertebral column in both sexes of western Rajasthan, India.Methods: The present descriptive type study was conducted in Department of Anatomy and Neurosurgery Sawai Man Singh Medical College, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India. Antero-posterior plain radiographs of lumbar spine in 1000 subjects aged between 20 to 60 years and those who were born and brought up in Rajasthan state were used for the study. All measurements were made by using electronic digital Vernier caliper. Student t-test was used for analysis. Results: Mean transverse diameter of lumbar vertebral canal (I.P.D) is minimum at L1 vertebra in both sexes. The maximum values of I.P.D were recorded for vertebra L5 for both sexes.Conclusions: The values of IPD are higher in male population in comparison to female counterparts.
"Eight and a half" and "nine syndrome" rare presentation of pontine lesions; case reports and review of literature
Authors: Yadegari Samira , Aghsaei-Fard Masoud , Akbari Mohammadreza , Mirmohammad-Sadeghi Arash 
Published: April 2019

Background: Eight-and-a-half syndrome (EHS) is one-and-a-half syndrome [(conjugated horizontal gaze palsy and internuclear ophthalmoplegia (INO)] plus ipsilateral fascicular seventh cranial nerve palsy. Involvement of lower pontine tegmentum including the abducens nucleus, the ipsilateral medial longitudinal fasciculus (MLF), and the adjacent facial colliculus contribute to the clinical findings of EHS. Recently, nine syndrome with addition of hemiparesis or hemianesthesia to EHS (due to involvement of adjacent corticospinal tract or medial lemniscus) is suggested.
Methods: Consecutive patients with presentation
of EHS or nine syndrome were reviewed from referral neuro-ophthalmology and strabismus clinics.
Results: Three cases of EHS were identified with different etiologies of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), demyelination, and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder. Moreover, one case of "nine syndrome" due to ICH was described. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in all of them revealed lesion in lower tegmentum of pons.
Conclusion: Apart from different etiologies, recognition of EHS or nine syndrome allows precise localization of the lesion to lower pontine tegmentum ipsilaterally.