bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Voegtlin‐style suction traps measure insect diversity and community heterogeneity
Authors: Favret Colin , Lessard Vincent , Trépanier Alexis , Eon‐Le Guern Titouan , Théry Thomas 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Comparing ecologically relevant communities of insects in heterogeneous environments requires methods capable of sampling a sufficient number of individuals and diversity of species to measure β diversity.
A battery‐operated computer fan powers a 1.5 m high Voegtlin suction trap. These traps are efficient at capturing small, weakly flying insects, and can be used to sample the α and β diversity of Microhymenoptera in discrete habitats within a temperate forest ecosystem.
During a preliminary study comparing Voegtlin‐style suction and Townes‐style Malaise traps, we found that the suction traps caught a greater number and a greater diversity of Hymenoptera than the Malaise traps, especially of those OTUs smaller than 1.5 mm.
Placed along a transect at 50 m intervals, the suction traps also yielded more heterogeneous samples than the Malaise traps, suggesting they may be particularly useful for quantifying β diversity at small spatial scales. The same analyses with brachyceran Diptera were more nuanced. Malaise traps outperformed suction traps in terms of measuring α diversity, but suction traps resolved a higher degree of brachyceran community heterogeneity using β diversity.
Insofar as Hymenoptera are amongst the most diverse of insect orders and the vast majority of species are specialist parasitoids of other insects, suction trapped Hymenoptera diversity may be a useful proxy for measuring α and β insect diversity in general.
The cross‐sectional and prospective associations between sleep characteristics and adiposity in toddlers: Results from the GET UP! Study
Authors: Zhang Zhiguang , Pereira João R. , Sousa‐Sá Eduarda , Okely Anthony D. , Feng Xiaoqi , Santos Rute 
Published: July 2019

SummaryBackgroundThe associations between sleep characteristics and adiposity in children under three years are not fully understood yet.ObjectiveThe objective of the study is to examine the cross‐sectional and prospective associations between sleep characteristics and adiposity in toddlers over a 12‐month period.MethodsParticipants were 202 toddlers from the GET‐UP! Study. Sleep duration, sleep timing, and sleep variability were assessed using 24‐hour accelerometry for seven consecutive days. Height and weight were measured, and BMI z scores were calculated. Linear mixed models were performed to examine the cross‐sectional and prospective associations between sleep characteristics and adiposity, with adjustments for clustering effects and demographic factors.ResultsTotal sleep duration was negatively associated with higher adiposity cross‐sectionally (B = −0.12; 95% CI: −0.23, −0.01; .033) but not prospectively (B = 0.01; 95% CI: −0.13, 0.10; .843). Nap duration was prospectively associated with higher levels of adiposity (B = 0.41; 95% CI: 0.14, 0.68; .003). Sleep variability and sleep timing were not associated with concurrent or subsequent adiposity.ConclusionAlthough sleep duration is an important factor associated with obesity in toddlerhood, the potential effects of different types of sleep duration may vary. While longer total sleep duration may protect children from increasing adiposity, longer nap duration seems to be risk factor. As evidence in this age group is scarce, more research is needed to confirm this finding.
A Chinese Model for Labour in Europe?
Authors: Ceccagno Antonella , Sacchetto Devi 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBased on long‐term fieldwork in multiple locations, our article questions the approach that posits a Chinese model of work and employment relations as increasingly exporting its form of labour management and dominating worldwide. It does so by focusing on Europe and discussing two labour regimes considered as typically Chinese: the Chinese fashion workshops in the Italian fashion industry, and the Foxconn electronics plants in the Czech Republic. Our findings bring new insights to bear on issues for which research is still thin on the ground and challenge the hypothesis of a ‘Chinesisation’ of work and employment practices in Chinese small firms and MNCs operating in Europe. We move the focus away from the simple analysis of firm management prevailing in the literature and suggest that, in order to understand the firm’s behaviours, the role of the state, the unions, the migrant workers and the role of temporary work agencies should all be taken into consideration.
PACAP ameliorates hepatic metabolism and inflammation through up‐regulating FAIM in obesity
Authors: Xiao Xing , Qiu Pei , Gong Hui‐Zhen , Chen Xue‐Ming , Sun Yan , Hong An , Ma Yi 
Published: July 2019

AbstractObesity is considered a chronic inflammatory disease, the inflammatory factors, such as interleukin 6 (IL‐6), monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP‐1) and small inducible cytokine A5 (RANTES), are elevated in obese individuals. Pituitary adenylate cyclase‐activating polypeptide (PACAP) suppresses anti‐inflammatory cytokines and ameliorates glucose and lipid metabolism. Our previous study showed that Fas apoptosis inhibitory molecule (FAIM) is a new mediator of Akt2 signalling, increases the insulin signalling pathway and lipid metabolism. In this study, we found that PACAP promoted the expression of FAIM protein in a human hepatocyte cell line (L02). Overexpression of FAIM with lentivirus suppressed the expression of the inflammatory factor interleukin 6 (IL‐6), monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP‐1) and tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF‐α). Following treatment of obese mice with FAIM or PACAP for 2 weeks, inflammation was alleviated and the bodyweight and blood glucose levels were decreased. Overexpression of FAIM down‐regulated the expression of adipogenesis proteins, including SREBP1, SCD1, FAS, SREBP2 and HMGCR, and up‐regulated glycogen synthesis proteins, including Akt2 (Ser474) phosphorylation, GLUT2 and GSK‐3β, in the liver of obese mice. However, down‐regulation of FAIM with shRNA promotes obesity. Altogether, our data identified that FAIM mediates the function of PACAP in anti‐inflammation, glucose regulation and lipid metabolism in obese liver.
miR‐499 released during myocardial infarction causes endothelial injury by targeting α7‐nAchR
Authors: Zhou Rui , Huang Wenjun , Fan Xinrong , Liu Feng , Luo Liangqin , Yuan Haiyang , Jiang Yu , Xiao Haiying , Zhou Zhichao , Deng Chenliang , Dang Xitong 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe surged systemic vascular inflammation after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) aggravates the atherosclerotic endothelial injury. To explore roles of miR‐499 released from cardiomyocytes during AMI in endothelial injury. Using qPCR and ELISA, we discovered that patients with AMI had significantly increased plasma miR‐499, which was directly correlated with serum thrombomodulin, a marker for endothelial injury. Plasma of AMI patients, when incubated with human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), significantly increased the expression of endothelial injury markers, which could be abrogated by antagomiR‐499. In vitro, neonatal rat cardiomyocytes subjected to hypoxia/reoxygenation (HX/R) released miR‐499 that could be internalized into rat pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (RPMECs), worsening the high glucose‐induced injury. In silico analysis demonstrated that CHRNA7 encoding α7‐nAchR is a target of miR‐499, which was validated in cell lines expressing endogenous α7‐nAchR. In high glucose‐induced RPMECs injury model, miR‐499 aggravated, whereas forced CHRNA7 expression ameliorated the injury. Moreover, the perfusate from Langendorff perfused rat heart subjected to HX/R contained higher level of miR‐499 that significantly impaired the Bradykinin‐mediated endothelium‐dependent relaxation in both conduit and resistance arteries, which could be partially abrogated by antagomiR‐499. Finally, the correlation between plasma miR‐499 and endothelial injury was further confirmed in another cohort of AMI patients. We conclude that miR‐499 released from injured cardiomyocytes contributes to the endothelial injury by targeting α7‐nAchR. This study implies that miR‐499 may serve as a potential target for the treatment of the surged vascular inflammation post‐AMI.
Increasing risk of diabetes mellitus in postmenopausal women with newly diagnosed primary breast cancer
Authors: Wang Chih‐Yuan , Shih Shyang‐Rong , Huang Kuo‐Chin 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAims/IntroductionWe sought to determine if postmenopausal women who develop breast cancer are at increased risk of developing diabetes mellitus.Materials and MethodsThe Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database was searched from 2001 to 2015 for women aged ≥55 years (postmenopausal) with a diagnosis of primary breast cancer. Participants were age‐matched with women without breast cancer in a 1:5 ratio. Cox proportional hazards analyses were used to examine associations between breast cancer, risk factors and the development of diabetes mellitus.ResultsA total of 4,607 women with primary breast cancer and 23,035 age‐matched controls without breast cancer were included (mean age 58.6 ± 9.1 years). Adjusting for age, income, urbanization, Charlson Comorbidity Index and medical conditions, the risk of diabetes mellitus for participants with breast cancer at 1, 5, 10 and 15 years was 1.70‐, 1.34‐, 1.27‐ and 1.24‐fold higher, respectively, than for participants without breast cancer (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 1.70, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.40–2.05; aHR 1.34, 95% CI 1.17–1.54; aHR 1.27, 95% CI 1.13–1.44; aHR 1.24, 95% CI 1.11–1.40). The risk of diabetes mellitus at 1 year for breast cancer patients receiving hormone therapy was 1.22‐fold higher than in those not receiving hormone therapy (aHR 1.22, 95% CI 0.86–1.74), but without statistical significance.ConclusionsPostmenopausal women with breast cancer are at increased risk of developing diabetes mellitus, independent of receiving hormone therapy, and should be closely monitored to establish an early diagnosis and therapeutic intervention for improving related outcomes.
Role expectations from doctors and effects on nonmedical outcomes
Authors: Tarı Kasnakoğlu Berna , Pak Halil 
Published: July 2019

AbstractRationale, aims, and objectivesThe predominant assumption of doctor professionalism may be prone to unpredicted alterations in the face of “a new age of doctoring.” The aim in this study is to explore one dimension in the doctor‐patient dyadic relationship: the face‐to‐face interaction between doctors and patients and whether satisfaction of role expectations affects service outcomes as perceived by the patient‐consumer.MethodsIn the first qualitative phase, 10 physicians and 11 patients were interviewed in‐depth for the purposes of understanding the variations in role expectations from doctors. These details were then used to construct the scenarios to be used in the second quantitative phase. Scenario‐based experimental data were collected using a cross‐sectional sample consisting of 432 individuals.ResultsAlthough positive emotions lead to positive outcomes when the doctor is role‐congruent, positive emotions lead to even better outcomes when the doctor is behaving too friendly. In addition, negative emotions lead to negative outcomes in both scenarios; however, outcomes become worse when the doctor is role‐incongruent.ConclusionsRole expectations play a moderating role between emotions and service outcomes. The medical performance can be perceived good or bad depending on whether the doctor smiles “too much” or not. Results are discussed within the context of role expectation theory and the changing nature of service relationships in the health care sector.
Case of anti‐Hu antibody‐mediated encephalopathy associated with ovarian cancer
Authors: Yoshida Hiroshi , Furugori Megumi , Kanatsuka Yoichi , Yamaguchi Shigeki , Shigeta Hiroyuki 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe present report describes a case of anti‐Hu antibody‐mediated encephalopathy associated with ovarian cancer. The patient developed paraneoplastic neurologic syndromes (PNS) during the course of ovarian cancer and showed a symptom of jargon aphasia; diagnosis of PNS was made on the basis of serological and cerebrospinal examination, electroencephalogram (EEG), and magnetic resonance images. EEG initially indicated a condition of non‐convulsive status epilepticus; however, levetiracetam administration facilitated complete recovery of this condition. Furthermore, immunotherapy and steroid therapy were very effective and significant improvement was achieved. PNS usually occur before the cancer is identified; however, the possibility of PNS should be considered when neurologic symptoms are noted during the course of oncologic diseases, including ovarian cancer.
A Novel Approach to Evaluate Brain Activation for Lower Extremity Motor Control
Authors: Grooms Dustin R. , Diekfuss Jed A. , Ellis Jonathan D. , Yuan Weihong , Dudley Jonathan , Foss Kim D. Barber , Thomas Staci , Altaye Mekibib , Haas Lacey , Williams Brynne , Lanier John M. , Bridgewater Kaley , Myer Gregory D. 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTBACKGROUND AND PURPOSEThe purpose of this study was to assess the consistency of a novel MR safe lower extremity motor control neuroimaging paradigm to elicit reliable sensorimotor region brain activity.METHODSParticipants completed multiple sets of unilateral leg presses combining ankle, knee, and hip extension and flexion movements against resistance at a pace of 1.2 Hz while lying supine in a 3T MRI scanner. Regions of Interest (ROI) consisted of regions primarily involved in lower extremity motor control (right and left primary motor cortex, primary somatosensory cortex, premotor cortex, secondary somatosensory cortex, basal ganglia, and the cerebellum).RESULTSThe group analysis based on mixed effects paired samples t‐test revealed no differences for brain activity between sessions (P > .05). Intraclass correlation coefficients in the sensorimotor regions were good to excellent for average percent signal change (.621 to .918) and Z‐score (.697 to .883), with the exception of the left secondary somatosensory cortex percent signal change (.165).CONCLUSIONSThese results indicate that a loaded lower extremity force production and attenuation task that simulates the range of motion of squatting, stepping, and landing from a jump is reliable for longitudinal neuroimaging applications and support the use of this paradigm in further studies examining therapeutic interventions and changes in dynamic lower extremity motor function.
Ultrasound to Evaluate Neonatal Spinal Dysraphism: A First‐Line Alternative to CT and MRI
Authors: Orman Gunes , Tijssen Maud P.M , Seyfert Donna , Gassner Ingmar , Huisman Thierry A.G.M. 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTThe embryologic development of the spinal cord is a remarkably complex process. Spinal abnormalities can occur in isolation or be part of a clinical syndrome commonly summarized as spinal dysraphism. Proper evaluation of spinal malformations with imaging is required for early diagnosis prior to counseling and selection of postnatal treatment options. The preferred imaging modality of the spine in newborns up to 3 months of age are ultrasound (US) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The diagnostic workup should preferably start with the safe, minimal invasive (no need for sedation), cost‐effective, and bedside US as a screening procedure. On the other hand, need for sedation, thermal instability of infants, and high cost make the use of spinal MRI impracticable for screening purposes. US is also a well‐established imaging modality to investigate the spinal cord and canal during pregnancy. It is critical to follow a strict protocol in an attempt to precisely identify all imaging findings, one should be familiar with the normal ultrasonographic appearance of bony and soft tissue structures in the various planes and one should be able to correlate the abnormal findings with spinal cord embryology as it aids in identifying the etiology. US should be considered as a first‐line imaging for neonates suspected of spinal anomalies. In this article, we discuss up‐to‐date US technique of the spine, the most frequently encountered neonatal spinal malformations seen with US and correlate these findings with the relevant embryologic processes.
Speech evaluation during maxillary mini‐dental implant overdenture treatment: A prospective study
Authors: Fonteyne Ester , Van Doorne Luc , Becue Laurence , Matthys Carine , Bronckhorst Ewald , De Bruyn Hugo 
Published: July 2019

AbstractLarge proportions of patients are edentulous and wear removable dentures leading to reduced functional comfort and less oral health‐related quality of life. Satisfaction with the oral situation after implantation depends on the outcome in eating comfort, speech comfort and aesthetics. Modification in form and location of the teeth may affect speech. The aim of this study is to determine speech, oromyofunctional behaviour, satisfaction with the treatment and the impact on quality of life of the horse‐shoe overdenture retained by mini‐dental implants (MDIs) in the maxilla. This prospective multicentre cohort study included 32 patients for treatment. 5 to 6 implants were placed, traumatically piercing the mucosa. Patients were evaluated three times during treatment (pre‐operatively with conventional prosthesis including full palatal coverage (CD), post‐operatively with provisionally relined CD and with horse‐shoe overdenture on MDI). The assessment included a phonetic evaluation, examination of oromyofunctional behaviour, evaluation of the impact on quality of life (OHIP‐14) and a rating of satisfaction with the treatment and speech on a visual analogue scale. Several speech sounds are found to be disturbed before treatment. In the next two stages of the treatment, the number of speech issues decreases. In the final stage, ten people show minor speech problems, especially with the /s/ sound. In this stage, seven people still present with oromyofunctional problems, especially whistling problems. In this last stage, people are very satisfied with the treatment (83%) and with speech (84%). The impact on quality of life is low (8.23/56).
Absence of joint pain identifies high levels of sleep masticatory muscle activity in myofascial temporomandibular disorder
Authors: Santiago Vivian , Raphael Karen 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAlthough the development of reliable diagnostic criteria for temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) has operationalised identification of a subgroup with myofascial pain (mTMD), causal mechanisms remain elusive. This study examines masticatory muscle activity (MMA) in more homogenous research subgroups of mTMD. Data from an existing case‐control study of women were used to subcategorise mTMD cases based on joint pain with palpation to isolate muscle‐only pain (M‐pain) vs muscle and joint pain (MJ‐pain). Differences in laboratory indicators of MMA, specifically research diagnostic criteria for sleep bruxism (SB) and high background EMG activity, and other clinical and sociodemographic indicators were examined between groups. Compared to controls, the MJ‐pain subgroup did not show elevated background EMG or sleep bruxism. In contrast, the M‐pain subgroup showed significantly higher background EMG and a trend towards elevated prevalence of sleep bruxism. These results may explain why it has been difficult for studies of SB in mixed TMD and even mTMD samples to find a consistent positive association, since a positive association may be limited to mTMD without joint pain. The subcategorising of mTMD based on joint pain with palpation (ie M‐pain, MJ‐pain) appears to reveal subgroups with relatively high and low sleep masticatory muscle‐specific activity. Findings need replication in a larger study with updated mTMD diagnostic criteria, but may prove useful for understanding mechanism of pain maintenance in mTMD with and without joint pain.
Does early compared to late fortification of human milk for preterm infants improve clinical outcomes?
Authors: Godden Beth , Collins Carmel T , Hilditch Cathie , McLeod Gemma , Keir Amy 
Published: July 2019

AimThis evidence‐based review aims to answer the following structured clinical question: In preterm infants <37 weeks' gestation (patient), does early fortification of breast milk (intervention) compared to late fortification (control) improve growth outcomes at the time of discharge or affect length of hospital stay (outcome)?MethodsMEDLINE, Embase, Maternity and Infant Care Database and Evidence‐Based Medicine Reviews were searched for articles published from 2000 onwards that were relevant to the structured clinical question. The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence, National Health and Medical Research Council, Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, National Institute of Health and Turning Research into Practice databases were also searched, and reference lists of relevant articles were reviewed.ResultsA total of 167 articles, after removal of duplicates, were found and screened by title and abstract. Five full‐text articles were ultimately included in the review.ConclusionsThe results of this review suggest that early fortification is safe and well tolerated. However, earlier fortification has not been shown to have a significant impact on growth outcomes at time of discharge or length of stay. More research is required to determine if early fortification of breast milk may have benefits regarding longer‐term growth and neurodevelopmental outcomes.
Pegfilgrastim and linagliptin potentiate chemoattraction of Ccr2 and Cd44 stem cells accompanied by alterations of cardiac Hgf, Igf-1 and Mcp-1 in daunorubicin cardiomyopathy
Authors: Srankova Jasna , Veteskova Jana , Marusakova Margareta , Pivackova Lenka , Doka Gabriel , Krenek Peter , Klimas Jan 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Objective
Daunorubicin (DAU) downregulates cytokines promoting stem cell migration and homing into the heart, reducing cardiac regeneration after anticancer chemotherapy. Pegfilgrastim (PFIL) protects from DAU-induced neutropenia but its cardioprotective potential remains unclear. We tested whether pegfilgrastim and a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor linagliptin, potential enhancers of stem cells migration and homing, would improve DAU-cardiomyopathy.

Methods
DAU (7.5 mg/kg, i.v.) was administered to male Wistar rats to induce cardiotoxicity. Pegfilgrastim (100 µg/kg, s.c.) was administered 24h after DAU, and linagliptin was administered orally for 8 weeks (5 mg/kg/day, LINA). Cardiac damage markers (Nppa, Myh6, Myh7, Gp91phox), cytokines (Sdf-1alpha, Mcp-1, Vegf, Hgf, Igf-1), stem cell markers (Cxcr4, Ccr2, Cd34, Cd133, Cd44, Cd105) were determined by qRT-PCR.

Key findings
Decreased Myh6, elevated Myh7 Nppa, and Gp91phox were not ameliorated by PFIL + LINA. Downregulated expressions of cytokines (Vegf, Sdf-1alpha) and stem cells markers (Cxcr4, Cd34, Cd133, and Cd105) remained decreased after PFIL + LINA. DAU-induced upregulation of Mcp-1, Ccr2 and Cd44 was further potentiated by PFIL + LINA. PFIL + LINA normalised expression of Hgf and Igf-1.

Conclusions
Although PFIL + LINA failed in universal potentiation of stem cells migration and homing, the expression of stem cell markers Ccr2 and Cd44 in the heart potentially increased through the preservation of Hgf, Igf-1 and upregulation of Mcp-1.