bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Proprioception and motor performance after stroke: An examination of diffusion properties in sensory and motor pathways
Authors: Findlater Sonja E. , Mazerolle Erin L. , Pike G. Bruce , Dukelow Sean P. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractProprioceptive and motor impairments commonly occur after stroke. Relationships between corticospinal tract (CST) fractional anisotropy (FA) and motor recovery have been identified. However, the relationship between sensory tract microstructure and proprioceptive recovery remains unexplored. Using probabilistic tractography, we examined the relationship between diffusion metrics in three tracts known to contain proprioceptive information (a) dorsal‐column medial‐lemniscal (DCML), (b) postcentral gyrus to supramarginal gyrus (POCG‐SMG), (c) postcentral gyrus to Heschl's gyrus (POCG‐HG) and proprioception at 1 (n= 26) and 6 months (n= 19) poststroke. Proprioception was assessed using two robotic tasks. Motor performance was also assessed robotically and compared to CST diffusion metrics. At 1‐month poststroke, a nonsignificant relationship (r= −0.43,p= 0.05) was observed between DCML‐FA and proprioceptive impairment. A moderate relationship was identified between POCG‐SMG FA and POCG‐HG FA and proprioceptive impairment (r= −0.47,p= 0.001 andr= −0.51,p= 0.008, respectively). No relationships were significant at 6 months poststroke. Similar to previous studies, lower CST‐FA correlated with motor impairment at 1 month poststroke (r= −0.58,p= 0.002). While CST‐FA is considered a predictor of motor impairment, our findings suggest that the relationship between FA and tracts containing proprioceptive information is not as straightforward and highlights the importance of sensory association areas in proprioception.
Prediction of follicular thyroid carcinoma associated with distant metastasis in the preoperative and postoperative model
Authors: Kim Hankyul , Shin Jung Hee , Hahn Soo Yeon , Oh Young Lyun , Kim Sun Wook , Park Ko Woon , Lim Yaeji 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBackgroundOnly clinicopathological findings are reported for predicting follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC) associated with distant metastasis, and preoperative ultrasound (US) findings are unknown.MethodsAssociations between distant metastases of FTC and predicting factors were evaluated by using logistic regression analysis in the preoperative and postoperative models.ResultsDistant metastasis was present in 37 (11.5%) of the 321 patients with FTC. In the preoperative model, independent predictors of distant metastasis were age, marked hypoechogenicity, nodule‐in‐nodule appearance, and rim calcification on US. Postoperative predictors were marked hypoechogenicity, rim calcification, and widely invasive histology. Sensitivities, specificities, and the area under the curves for predicting distant metastasis were 86.5%, 80.3%, and 0.889 on preoperative status and 86.5%, 78.5%, and 0.908 on postoperative status. Although not statistically significant, all four patients with gross extrathyroidal extension had metastasis.ConclusionAge, ultrasound features, and widely invasive histology allow preoperative and postoperative prediction of FTC associated with distant metastasis.
Evaluation of DFT Methods and Implicit Solvation Models for Anion‐Binding Host‐Guest Systems
Authors: Young Lee Ga , Bay Katherine L. , Houk Kendall N. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractAlthough supramolecular chemistry is traditionally an experimental discipline, computations have emerged as important tools for the understanding of supramolecules. We have explored how well commonly used density functional theory quantum mechanics and polarizable continuum solvation models can calculate binding affinities of host‐guest systems. We report the calculation of binding affinities for eight host–guest complexes and compare our results to experimentally measured binding free energies that span the range from −2.3 to −6.1 kcal mol−1. These systems consist of four hosts (biotin[6]uril, triphenoxymethane, cryptand, and bis‐thiourea) with different halide ions (F−, Cl−, Br−) in various media including organic and aqueous. The mean average deviation (MAD) of calculated from measured ΔGa is 2.5 kcal mol−1 when using B3LYP‐D3 with either CPCM or PCM. This MAD value lowers even more by eliminating two outliers: 1.1 kcal mol−1 for CPCM and 1.2 kcal mol−1 for PCM. The best DFT and implicit solvation model combination that we have studied is B3LYP−D3 with either CPCM or PCM.
Controlled Growth of Porphyrin Wires at a Solid‐Liquid Interface
Authors: Kahlfuss Christophe , Kikkawa Yoshihiro , Wytko Jennifer A. , Weiss Jean 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBis(zinc porphyrin) scaffolds bearing C8 or C18 alkyl chains and imidazole end groups self‐assembled in a head‐to‐tail fashion into multi‐porphyrin assemblies on both HOPG and mica. Due to weaker molecule surface‐interactions, longer arrays formed on mica than on HOPG. In both cases, it was essential first to generate monomers that were drop casted on the surface, then to allow time for the bis(zinc porphyrins) to assemble. Although thicker fibrous assemblies were observed with the C8 alkyl substituents than with the longer chains, noncovalent assemblies up to 1 μm long were observed for each molecule. These investigations provide a reproducible, noncovalent method to grow porphyrin arrays that may be of interest in molecular electronics for charge transport.
Arterial occlusive events in chronic myeloid leukemia patients treated with ponatinib in the real‐life practice are predicted by the Systematic Coronary Risk Evaluation (SCORE) chart
Authors: Caocci Giovanni , Mulas Olga , Abruzzese Elisabetta , Luciano Luigiana , Iurlo Alessandra , Attolico Immacolata , Castagnetti Fausto , Galimberti Sara , Sgherza Nicola , Bonifacio Massimiliano , Annunziata Mario , Gozzini Antonella , Orlandi Ester Maria , Stagno Fabio , Binotto Gianni , Pregno Patrizia , Fozza Claudio , Trawinska Malgorzata Monika , De Gregorio Fiorenza , Cattaneo Daniele , Albano Francesco , Gugliotta Gabriele , Baratè Claudia , Scaffidi Luigi , Elena Chiara , Pirillo Francesca , Scalzulli Emilia , La Nasa Giorgio , Foà Robin , Breccia Massimo 
Published: March 2019

AbstractArterial occlusive events (AOEs) represent emerging complications in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patients treated with ponatinib. We identified 85 consecutive CML adult patients who were treated with ponatinib in 17 Italian centers. Patients were stratified according to the Systematic Coronary Risk Evaluation (SCORE) assessment, based on sex, age, smoking habits, systolic blood pressure, and total cholesterol levels.The 60‐month cumulative incidence rate of AOEs excluding hypertension was 25.7%. Hypertension was reported in 14.1% of patients. The median time of exposure to ponatinib was 28 months (range, 3‐69 months). Patients with a high to very high SCORE risk showed a significantly higher incidence rate of AOEs (74.3% vs 15.2%, P < 0.001). Patients aged ≥60 years showed a significantly higher incidence rate of AOEs (51.5% vs 16.9%, P = 0.008). In multivariate analysis, no association was found between AOEs and positive history of CV disease, age, dose of ponatinib, previous exposure to nilotinib, and comorbidities. Only the SCORE risk was confirmed as a significant predictive factor (P = 0.01; HR = 10.9; 95% C.I. = 1.7‐67.8). Patients aged ≥60 years who were treated with aspirin had a lower incidence rate of AOEs (33.3% vs 61.8%). Among the 14 reported AOEs, 78.6% of them showed grade 3 to 4 toxicity. This real‐life study confirmed the increased incidence of AOEs in CML patients treated with ponatinib, with high to very high SCORE risk. We suggest that patients aged ≥60 years who were treated with ponatinib should undergo prophylaxis with 100 mg/day of aspirin. Our findings emphasize personalized prevention strategies based on CV risk factors.
Brinkman‐Forchheimer slip flow subject to exponential space and thermal‐dependent heat source in a microchannel utilizing SWCNT and MWCNT nanoliquids
Authors: Shehzad Sabir Ali , Mahanthesh Basavarajappa , Gireesha Bijjanal Jayanna , Shashikumar Nagavangala Shankarappa , Madhu Macha 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThis communication examines the impact of carbon nanotubes (single‐wall carbon nanotubes [SWCNT] and multi‐wall carbon nanotubes [MWCNT]) on magnetohydrodynamic Brinkman and Forchheimer flow in a planar microchannel with multiple slips. Flow through a porous medium is modeled via Brinkman and Forchheimer theory. The impacts of thermal‐dependent heat source (THS) and exponential space‐dependent heat source (ESHS) are deployed. Aspects of Joule and viscous dissipations are also retained. The dimensionless equations are solved using the Runge‐Kutta‐Fehlberg joint with shooting methodology. The significance of various nondimensional parameters on the flow distributions as well as skin‐friction and Nusselt number is illustrated and analyzed. Closed form solution of momentum quantity is developed for a particular case. Obtained numerical results are in perfect agreement with analytical results. Further, the results of SWCNT and MWCNT are compared.
Drivers of peatland water table dynamics in the central Andes, Bolivia and Peru
Authors: Cooper David J. , Sueltenfuss Jeremy , Oyague Eduardo , Yager Karina , Slayback Daniel , Caballero E. Marcelo Cabero , Argollo Jaime , Mark Bryan G. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractCushion plant dominated peatlands are key ecosystems in tropical alpine regions of the Andes in South America. The cushion plants have formed peat bodies over thousands of years that fill many valley bottoms, and the forage produced by the plants is critical for native and nonnative domesticated mammals. The sources and flow paths of water supporting these peatlands remain largely unknown. Some studies have suggested that glacier meltwater streams support some peatlands, and that the ongoing loss of glaciers and their meltwaters could lead to the loss or diminishment of peatlands. We analysed the hydrologic regime of 10 peatlands in four mountain regions of Bolivia and Peru using groundwater monitoring. Groundwater levels in peatlands were relatively stable and within 20 cm of the ground surface during the rainy season, and many sites had water tables 40–90 cm below the ground surface in the dry season. Topographic and groundwater elevations in the peatlands demonstrated that the water source of all 10 peatlands was hillslope groundwater flowing from lateral moraines, talus, colluvium, or bedrock aquifers into the peatlands. There was little to no input from streams, whether derived from glacier melt or other sources, and glacier melt could not have recharged the hillslope aquifers supporting peatlands. We measured the stable water isotopes in water samples taken during different seasons, distributed throughout the catchments, and the values are consistent with this interpretation. Our findings indicate that peatlands in the study region are recharged by hillslope groundwater discharge rather than stream water and may not be as vulnerable to glacial decline as other studies have indicated. However, both glaciers and peatlands are susceptible to changing thermal and precipitation regimes that could affect the persistence of peatlands.
Contextual and age‐related determinants of children's lie telling to conceal a transgression
Authors: Carl Talia , Bussey Kay 
Published: March 2019

AbstractChildren frequently tell lies to conceal their transgressions. Evidence to date, using the temptation resistance paradigm (TRP), indicates that antisocial lie telling to conceal a transgression increases into middle childhood (4–8 years) but decreases during early adolescence (8–14 years). However, these age‐related conclusions have emerged from different studies that have involved different age groups, using one of two different TRP tasks. Before accepting this age‐related trend, this study aimed to remove the confound of age and task type by using the two most frequently used TRP tasks (guessing game and school‐achievement task) across a broad age range (4‐ to 14‐year‐olds) of 443 students in one laboratory study. Results revealed the same age‐related decrease in lie telling after 8 years reported in previous research, indicating that the age‐related decrement in lie telling cannot be attributed to task type. However, across all ages, there was an overall difference in the amount of lie telling with respect to the TRP task. Implications for understanding the independent role of age and task type in children's lie telling and suggestions for future research are discussed.Highlights

Unconfounded age and task type effects for children's antisocial lying by using two TRP tasks across a broad age range in one study.
Results revealed that task type does not contribute to the established age‐related decrement in lie telling. However, task type does affect the overall amount of children's lie telling.
Findings support the importance of context (i.e., task type), in addition to other factors, in determining lie telling. Highlights need to also consider task type in future research.
The court's power to appoint provisional liquidators to carry out rescue roles: Rethinking Legend
Authors: Qu Charles Zhen 
Published: March 2019

AbstractA dictum in a 2006 Hong Kong Court of Appeal decision had since halted the use of provisional liquidation as a restructuring device in Hong Kong, where no purpose‐built moratorium is provided, until recently, where the Court of First Instance reaffirmed the role of provisional liquidation in restructuring. The Court of First Instance (CFI) judges did so without appearing to contradict the Court of Appeal (CA) position by reconstructing the CA dictum. This paper argues that the CA dictum does not make sense in the first place and pointing out why this is so is more helpful in clarifying the governing rule than a reconstruction of CA's words, which may mislead.
Influence of processing parameters on mechanical properties of a 3D‐printed trabecular bone microstructure
Authors: Amini Morteza , Reisinger Andreas , Pahr Dieter H. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractNatural bone microstructure has shown to be the most efficient choice for the bone scaffold design. However, there are several process parameters involved in the generation of a microCT‐based 3D‐printed (3DP) bone. In this study, the effect of selected parameters on the reproducibility of mechanical properties of a 3DP trabecular bone structure is investigated. MicroCT images of a distal radial sample were used to reconstruct a 3D ROI of trabecular bone. Nine tensile tests on bulk material and 54 compression tests on 8.2 mm cubic samples were performed (9 cases × 6 specimens/case). The effect of input‐image resolution, STL mesh decimation, boundary condition, support material, and repetition parameters on the weight, elastic modulus, and strength were studied. The elastic modulus and the strength of bulk material showed consistent results (CV% = 9 and 6%, respectively). The weight, elastic modulus, and strength of the cubic samples showed small intragroup variation (average CV% = 1.2, 9, and 5.5%, respectively). All studied parameters had a significant effect on the outcome variables with less effect on the weight. Utmost care to every step of the 3DP process and involved parameters is required to be able to reach the desired mechanical properties in the final printed specimen. © 2019 The Authors. Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part B: Applied Biomaterials published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 108B:38–47, 2020.
Electrospun nanofiber mesh with fibroblast growth factor and stem cells for pelvic floor repair
Authors: Hansen Signe Gellert , Taskin Mehmet Berat , Chen Menglin , Wogensen Lise , Vinge Nygaard Jens , Axelsen Susanne Maigaard 
Published: March 2019

AbstractSurgical outcome following pelvic organ prolapse (POP) repair needs improvement. We suggest a new approach based on a tissue‐engineering strategy. In vivo, the regenerative potential of an electrospun biodegradable polycaprolactone (PCL) mesh was studied. Six different biodegradable PCL meshes were evaluated in a full‐thickness abdominal wall defect model in 84 rats. The rats were assigned into three groups: (1) hollow fiber PCL meshes delivering two dosages of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), (2) solid fiber PCL meshes with and without bFGF, and (3) solid fiber PCL meshes delivering connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) and rat mesenchymal stem cells (rMSC). After 8 and 24 weeks, we performed a histological evaluation, quantitative analysis of protein content, and the gene expression of collagen‐I and collagen‐III, and an assessment of the biomechanical properties of the explanted meshes. Multiple complications were observed except from the solid PCL‐CTGF mesh delivering rMSC. Hollow PCL meshes were completely degraded after 24 weeks resulting in herniation of the mesh area, whereas the solid fiber meshes were intact and provided biomechanical reinforcement to the weakened abdominal wall. The solid PCL‐CTGF mesh delivering rMSC demonstrated improved biomechanical properties after 8 and 24 weeks compared to muscle fascia. These meshes enhanced biomechanical and biochemical properties, demonstrating a great potential of combining tissue engineering with stem cells as a new therapeutic strategy for POP repair. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 108B:48–55, 2020.
Meta-Analysis of Genomewide Association Studies Reveals Genetic Variants for Hip Bone Geometry
Authors: Hsu Yi-Hsiang , Estrada Karol , Evangelou Evangelos , Ackert-Bicknell Cheryl , Akesson Kristina , Beck Thomas , Brown Suzanne J , Capellini Terence , Carbone Laura , Cauley Jane , Cheung Ching-Lung , Cummings Steven R , Czerwinski Stefan , Demissie Serkalem , Econs Michael , Evans Daniel , Farber Charles , Gautvik Kaare , Harris Tamara , Kammerer Candace , Kemp John , Koller Daniel L , Kung Annie , Lawlor Debbie , Lee Miryoung , Lorentzon Mattias , McGuigan Fiona , Medina-Gomez Carolina , Mitchell Braxton , Newman Anne , Nielson Carrie , Ohlsson Claes , Peacock Munro , Reppe Sjur , Richards J Brent , Robbins John , Sigurdsson Gunnar , Spector Timothy D , Stefansson Kari , Streeten Elizabeth , Styrkarsdottir Unnur , Tobias Jonathan , Trajanoska Katerina , Uitterlinden André , Vandenput Liesbeth , Wilson Scott G , Yerges-Armstrong Laura , Young Mariel , Zillikens M Carola , Rivadeneira Fernando , Kiel Douglas P , Karasik David 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACT

Hip geometry is an important predictor of fracture. We performed a meta-analysis of GWAS studies in adults to identify genetic variants that are associated with proximal femur geometry phenotypes. We analyzed four phenotypes: (i) femoral neck length; (ii) neck-shaft angle; (iii) femoral neck width, and (iv) femoral neck section modulus, estimated from DXA scans using algorithms of hip structure analysis. In the Discovery stage, 10 cohort studies were included in the fixed-effect meta-analysis, with up to 18,719 men and women ages 16 to 93 years. Association analyses were performed with ∼2.5 million polymorphisms under an additive model adjusted for age, body mass index, and height. Replication analyses of meta-GWAS significant loci (at adjusted genomewide significance [GWS], threshold p ≤ 2.6 × 10–8) were performed in seven additional cohorts in silico. We looked up SNPs associated in our analysis, for association with height, bone mineral density (BMD), and fracture. In meta-analysis (combined Discovery and Replication stages), GWS associations were found at 5p15 (IRX1 and ADAMTS16); 5q35 near FGFR4; at 12p11 (in CCDC91); 11q13 (near LRP5 and PPP6R3 (rs7102273)). Several hip geometry signals overlapped with BMD, including LRP5 (chr. 11). Chr. 11 SNP rs7102273 was associated with any-type fracture (p = 7.5 × 10–5). We used bone transcriptome data and discovered several significant eQTLs, including rs7102273 and PPP6R3 expression (p = 0.0007), and rs6556301 (intergenic, chr.5 near FGFR4) and PDLIM7 expression (p = 0.005). In conclusion, we found associations between several genes and hip geometry measures that explained 12% to 22% of heritability at different sites. The results provide a defined set of genes related to biological pathways relevant to BMD and etiology of bone fragility. © 2019 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Interferon Gamma-1b Does Not Increase Markers of Bone Resorption in Autosomal Dominant Osteopetrosis
Authors: Imel Erik A , Liu Ziyue , Acton Dena , Coffman Melissa , Gebregziabher Netsanet , Tong Yan , Econs Michael J 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACT
In autosomal dominant osteopetrosis type 2 (ADO2) CLCN7 mutations cause impaired osteoclast function. Severe consequences include skeletal fragility despite high bone mass, osteomyelitis, osteonecrosis, bone marrow failure, and severe cranial nerve impingement. There is no effective medical treatment for ADO2. We recruited subjects with ADO2 into a 14-week, open-label, pilot clinical trial of interferon gamma-1b. Doses were titrated based on tolerability and if fasting serum C-telopeptide (CTX) was &lt;25% above baseline at week 8, targeting doses of 100 µg/m2 three times a week. The primary outcomes were change from baseline in CTX and N-telopeptide/creatinine ratio (NTX/Cr) at week 14. Secondary outcomes included changes in urine calcium/creatinine ratio, bone formation markers and tolerability. Nine adults and three children were recruited. Severe manifestations of ADO2 included histories of fractures (100%), osteomyelitis (16.7%), vision loss (50%), and anemia (58.3%). Baseline CTX and NTX/Cr were generally low-normal. Procollagen type I N-terminal propeptide was elevated or in the upper-normal range in 11 of 12 (91.6%) subjects. Elevations of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were common. One subject withdrew due to rash. Five subjects achieved doses of 50 µg/m2 3 days a week, while six reached the full dose of 100 µg/m2 3 days a week. Only 3 of 11 (27.3%) completing subjects achieved the primary outcome of increasing CTX ≥25% above baseline at week 14. The mean ± SD change from baseline in CTX at week 14 was +2.2% ± 43.2%, p = 0.86). Likewise, there was no significant change in NTX/Cr (mean change –2.1%, p = 0.81). Interferon gamma-1b was poorly tolerated. Most subjects had adverse events, and the Mental Health and Mental Component Scales of the SF-36v2 health survey declined slightly (p &lt; 0.05). Over 14 weeks, interferon gamma-1b failed to significantly increase bone turnover markers in ADO2 and was poorly tolerated. Consequently, interferon gamma-1b is unlikely to be effective for decreasing bone mass in ADO2. © 2019 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.