bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In vivo metabolic and SHG imaging for monitoring of tumor response to chemotherapy
Authors: Lukina Maria M. , Dudenkova Varvara V. , Shimolina Lyubov’ E. , Snopova Ludmila B. , Zagaynova Elena V. , Shirmanova Marina V. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractAlthough chemotherapy remains one of the main types of treatment for cancer, treatment failure is a frequent occurrence, emphasizing the need for new approaches to the early assessment of tumor response. The aim of this study was to search for indicators based on optical imaging of cellular metabolism and of collagen in tumors in vivo that enable evaluation of their response to chemotherapy. The study was performed on a mouse colorectal cancer model with the use of cisplatin, paclitaxel, and irinotecan. The metabolic activity of the tumor cells was assessed using fluorescence lifetime imaging of the metabolic cofactor reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (phosphate), NAD(P)H. Second harmonic generation (SHG) imaging was used to analyze the extent and properties of collagen within the tumors. We detected an early decrease in the free/bound NAD(P)H ratio in all treated tumors, indicating a shift toward a more oxidative metabolism. Monitoring of collagen showed an early increase in the amount of collagen followed by an increase in the extent of its orientation in tumors treated with cisplatin and paclitaxel, and decrease in collagen content in the case of irinotecan. Our study suggests that changes in cellular metabolism and fibrotic stroma organization precede morphological alterations and tumor size reduction, and that this indicates that NAD(P)H and collagen can be considered as intrinsic indicators of the response to treatment. This is the first time that these parameters have been investigated in tumors in vivo in the course of chemotherapy with drugs having different mechanisms of action. © 2018 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry
CD133 expression in circulating hematopoietic progenitor cells
Authors: Cimato Thomas R. , Conway Alexis , Nichols Julianne , Wallace Paul K. 
Published: October 2018

BackgroundCirculating hematopoietic progenitors (HPCs) are involved in inflammatory diseases such as atherosclerosis, the immune response to cancer, and disorders of the hematopoietic system. HPC characterization by flow cytometry typically utilizes CD34 in combination with other cell surface markers to identify cell populations that give rise to specific hematopoietic lineages. CD133, also known as prominin‐1, is a cell surface protein found in HPCs that has a similar but not interchangeable expression pattern with CD34 for characterization of HPC populations. Our goal was to determine the distribution of CD133 expression within HPC sub‐types amongst circulating CD34+ cells.MethodsThe quantity of different HPC populations within the CD34+ CD133+ and CD34+ CD133− fractions of venous blood obtained from healthy human subjects was measured using multicolor flow cytometry.ResultsThe majority of circulating CD34+ cells is CD133−. CD133+ CD34+ cells express low levels of CD38, contain cell populations bearing cell surface markers of hematopoietic stem cells, multipotent progenitors, and multilymphoid progenitors, and are largely devoid of CD38 expressing lineage specified progenitors. These findings clarify the composition of circulating CD133+ CD34+ cell types in adult human subjects. © 2018 International Clinical Cytometry Society
Distributed compressed sensing‐based multiuser channel estimation for frequency‐selective hybrid mmWave MIMO system
Authors: Zhang Ruoyu , Zhang Jiayan , Gao Yulong , Zhao Honglin 
Published: October 2018

SummaryThe multiuser millimeter wave (mmWave) MIMO system has been considered as a promising technology for future 5G cellular networks since high volume of data rates can be achieved by simultaneously supporting multiple users. However, the channel estimation is challenging due to the multiuser interference in frequency‐selective hybrid mmWave MIMO system. In this paper, we focus on the multiuser uplink wideband channel estimation with frequency selectivity. Specifically, a layer‐precoder reuse strategy is proposed, in which each transmission frame is divided into several subframes and the users share a common precoder at each subchannel of different subcarriers. Then, instead of only estimating channel of one user, multiuser frequency‐selective channel can be jointly estimated via a sparse recovery formulation. Furthermore, by exploiting the common sparsity among subchannels in frequency‐selective mmWave system, a distributed compressed sensing (DCS)–based channel estimation is proposed to jointly acquire the channel state information of all users via weighted least square to further reduce the pilot overhead. In addition, the Cramer‐Rao lower bound (CRLB) is derived for multiuser frequency‐selective channel estimation. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed DCS‐based method can asymptotically approach the CRLB of channel estimation.
Sedimentology and the facies architecture of the Ghaggar‐Hakra Formation, Barmer Basin, India: Implications for early Cretaceous deposition on the north‐western Indian Plate margin
Authors: Beaumont Hazel , Clarke Stuart M. , Burley Stuart D. , Taylor Andrew M. , Mohapatra Pinakadhar 
Published: October 2018

AbstractFluvial strata of the Lower Cretaceous Ghaggar‐Hakra Formation are exposed in fault blocks on the central‐eastern margin of the Barmer Basin, Rajasthan. The sedimentology of these outcrops are described from 114 logs (thicknesses up to 100 m) and 53 two‐dimensional correlation panels. The formation comprises three distinct channel belt sandstone packages defined as the Darjaniyon‐ki Dhani, Sarnoo and Nosar sandstones separated by thick siltstone‐dominated floodplain successions. The sediments were deposited in a sub‐tropical, low sinuosity fluvial system that matures into a highly sinuous fluvial system. The Nosar Sandstone, the youngest of the three packages, exhibits a significant increase in energy and erosive power compared to those underlying it. This distinct change in fluvial style is interpreted as being rejuvenation due to an actively developing rift network forming accommodation space, rather than climatic controls acting on part of the depositional system. Consequently, the Ghaggar‐Hakra Formation at outcrop represents Lower Cretaceous syn‐rift deposition within the Barmer Basin with active localized fault movement from Nosar Sandstone times onward. These findings provide sedimentological evidence in support of pre‐Palaeogene northwest–southeast extension in the Barmer Basin. Moreover, they imply Cretaceous extension took place widely along the northern extremity of the West Indian Rift System consistent with plate tectonic models of the break‐up of Gondwana and evolution of the Indian Ocean. Outcrops of Lower Cretaceous strata are patchy across India and Pakistan. This study provides valuable material which, when combined with the available published data, facilitates a re‐evaluation of Lower Cretaceous palaeogeography for the north‐west Indian Plate. The reconstruction demonstrates a complex fluvial system, where the sediments are preserved sporadically as early syn‐rift strata. The findings imply a high preservation potential for early Cretaceous fluvial successions within rifted fault blocks near Saraswati and Aishwarya of the Barmer Basin beneath the Palaeogene fill that likely have significant potential for further hydrocarbon exploration.
A primer on investigating the role of the microbiome in brain and cognitive development
Authors: Kelsey Caroline , Dreisbach Caitlin , Alhusen Jeanne , Grossmann Tobias 
Published: October 2018

AbstractIncorporating information regarding the gut microbiota into psychobiological research promises to shed new light on how individual differences in brain and cognitive development emerge. However, the investigation of the gut‐brain axis in development is still in its infancy and poses several challenges, including data analysis. Considering that the gut microbiome is an eco‐system containing millions of bacteria, one needs to utilize a breadth of methodologies and data analytic techniques. The present review serves two purposes. First, this review will inform developmental psychobiology researchers about the emerging study of the gut‐brain axis in development and second, this review will propose methodologies and data analytic strategies for integrating microbiome data in developmental research.
Metabolic and isotopic signature of short‐term DHEA administration in women: Comparison with findings in men
Authors: Buisson Corinne , Frelat Claire , Privat Kévin , Martinat Nicolas , Audran Michel , Collomp Katia 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe impact of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) administration has been widely studied for anti‐doping purposes in men, whereas only a few studies have been performed in women. In the present study, the impact of DHEA on the steroid profile parameters and their carbon isotopic ratios was explored. Eleven healthy young women and 10 healthy young men received two treatments: One with 100 mg/day of DHEA for 28 days and one with a placebo according to a double‐blind crossover protocol. Urine and saliva (only in females) samples were collected before and for 72 hours after each short‐term treatment. In all female subjects, concentrations of the urinary parameters of the steroid profile were highly impacted by short‐term DHEA administration including epitestosterone (E). Gas chromatography–combustion–isotope ratio mass spectrometry (GC–C–IRMS) analysis was performed and positive results were observed for E in the four female subjects where E concentration was adequate for such analysis, whereas men results remained negative for E. Last, the ability of the Anti‐Doping Administration and Management System (ADAMS) software used for the athlete biological passport to identify such doping was assessed. Of the 11 passports generated for female subjects, 10 were automatically classified as an atypical passport finding (ATPF). For the remaining passport with normal status in one woman, the variability of the concentrations prevented the ADAMS software from adjusting individual limits. The most impacted markers in women were T/E and 5αAdiol/E, with a detection window of 36 hours for 5αAdiol/E. In addition, good correlations were observed for DHEA and T concentrations in urine and saliva in females.
Development of a fluvoxamine detection system using a Quenchbody, a novel fluorescent biosensor
Authors: Sasao Ako , Takaki Michiyo , Jeong Hee‐Jin , Yonemitsu Kosei , Ohtsu Yuki , Tsutsumi Hiroshi , Furukawa Shota , Morioka Hiroshi , Ueda Hiroshi , Nishitani Yoko 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe misuse of psychotropic drugs intended for medical treatment represents a recent worldwide public health concern. Quenchbody (Q‐body) is a novel fluoroimmunosensor that can detect an antigen immediately without additional reagents or washing steps. Here, we describe creating Q‐bodies for the detection of the antidepressant fluvoxamine (FLV) and determining optimal conditions to achieve the highest fluorescence intensity (FI). We prepared five Q‐bodies with the fluorophore labeled at either the N‐ or C‐ terminus and with different linker lengths. Fluorescence was measurable within minutes, indicating the interaction of Q‐bodies with FLV. The normalized FI (FI ratio) of the N‐terminus labeled Q‐body increased approximately 1.5‐fold upon FLV addition; Q‐bodies labeled at the C‐terminus did not significantly increase FI. Among the fluorescence dyes used in this study, Rhodamine 6G labeled Q‐body showed the best FI ratio. EC50 values of the N‐terminus labeled Q‐bodies were similar (23.2–224nM) regardless of linker length or labeling dye. We examined whether the Q‐body could be applicable to serum matrix instead of phosphate‐buffered saline. The intact serum interfered strongly with the Q‐body fluorescence. However, the FI ratios of the Q‐body for FLV‐spiked serum filtrate, for which proteins were removed by filtration, showed a dose‐dependency for detecting FLV levels. Deproteinization, which does not interfere with Q‐body fluorescence measurements, is likely necessary to detect serum FLV with high sensitivity. This study demonstrates the potential of Q‐body probes as a tool towards developing creative immunoassay applications.
Potential impacts of climate change on the habitat of boreal woodland caribou
Authors: Barber Quinn E. , Parisien Marc‐André , Whitman Ellen , Stralberg Diana , Johnson Chris J. , St‐Laurent Martin‐Hugues , DeLancey Evan R. , Price David T. , Arseneault Dominique , Wang Xianli , Flannigan Mike D. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractBoreal woodland caribou (Rangifer tarandus caribou) are currently listed as threatened in Canada, with populations in the province of Alberta expected to decline as much as 50 percent over the next 8–15 yr. We assessed the future of caribou habitat across a region of northeast Alberta using a model of habitat‐quality and projections of future climate from three general circulation models. We used mapped climatic and topo‐edaphic properties to project future upland vegetation cover and a fire simulation model to project the frequency and extent of wildfires. Based on those projections, we quantified the future habitat of caribou according to estimates of nutritional resources and predation risk derived from vegetation cover type and stand age. Grassland vegetation covered up to half of the study area by the 2080s, expanding from <1% in the present and contributing to a significant contraction in mixedwood and coniferous forests. This change in vegetation would increase the risk of predation and disease, as habitat becomes more suitable for white‐tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) and, consequently, gray wolves (Canis lupus). Borne out, these changes would severely compromise the long‐term persistence of caribou in the boreal forest of Alberta.
Haemodynamic mechanisms and long‐term prognostic impact of pulmonary hypertension in patients with severe aortic stenosis undergoing valve replacement
Authors: Weber Lukas , Rickli Hans , Haager Philipp K. , Joerg Lucas , Weilenmann Daniel , Brenner Roman , Taramasso Maurizio , Baier Philipp , Maisano Francesco , Maeder Micha T. 
Published: October 2018

AimsWe aimed to investigate the prevalence, detailed invasive haemodynamics, and prognostic impact of pulmonary hypertension (PH) in severe aortic stenosis (AS).Methods and resultsWe studied 503 patients (mean age 74 ± 10 years) with severe AS (indexed aortic valve area 0.4 ± 0.1 cm2/m2, left ventricular ejection fraction 57 ± 12%) undergoing left and right heart catheterization prior to aortic valve replacement. Median follow‐up was 3.7 (interquartile range 2.6–5.4) years. Baseline PH (mean pulmonary artery pressure ≥ 25 mmHg) was found in 239 (48%) patients: 31 patients had pre‐capillary PH [mean pulmonary artery wedge pressure (mPAWP) ≤ 15 mmHg], 144 had isolated post‐capillary PH [IpcPH; mPAWP > 15 mmHg, pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) ≤ 3 Wood units (WU)], and 64 had combined pre‐ and post‐capillary PH (CpcPH; mPAWP > 15 mmHg, PVR > 3 WU). Patients with CpcPH had higher mortality than those with IpcPH, pre‐capillary PH, and without PH. In the multivariate analysis, CpcPH remained an independent predictor of death (hazard ratio 4.39, 95% confidence interval 2.40–8.03; P < 0.001). Patients with CpcPH had higher mPAWP (26 ± 7 vs. 22 ± 5 mmHg) and lower pulmonary arterial capacitance (1.5 ± 0.6 vs. 2.9 ± 1.2 mL/mmHg) than IpcPH patients but similar left ventricular end‐diastolic pressure (LVEDP; 25 ± 7 vs. 25 ± 7 mmHg). A smaller LVEDP–mPAWP difference was related to larger left atrial size, atrial fibrillation, and more severe mitral regurgitation.ConclusionsIn patients with severe AS, PH is common but underlying mechanisms differ. Patients with CpcPH have higher mPAWP, lower pulmonary arterial capacitance, and worse survival than all other groups. Left atrial dysfunction and mitral regurgitation seem to be drivers of high mPAWP in CpcPH.
Machine learning‐based phenogrouping in heart failure to identify responders to cardiac resynchronization therapy
Authors: Cikes Maja , Sanchez‐Martinez Sergio , Claggett Brian , Duchateau Nicolas , Piella Gemma , Butakoff Constantine , Pouleur Anne Catherine , Knappe Dorit , Biering‐Sørensen Tor , Kutyifa Valentina , Moss Arthur , Stein Kenneth , Solomon Scott D. , Bijnens Bart 
Published: October 2018

AimsWe tested the hypothesis that a machine learning (ML) algorithm utilizing both complex echocardiographic data and clinical parameters could be used to phenogroup a heart failure (HF) cohort and identify patients with beneficial response to cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT).Methods and resultsWe studied 1106 HF patients from the Multicenter Automatic Defibrillator Implantation Trial with Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy (MADIT‐CRT) (left ventricular ejection fraction ≤ 30%, QRS ≥ 130 ms, New York Heart Association class ≤ II) randomized to CRT with a defibrillator (CRT‐D, n = 677) or an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD, n = 429). An unsupervised ML algorithm (Multiple Kernel Learning and K‐means clustering) was used to categorize subjects by similarities in clinical parameters, and left ventricular volume and deformation traces at baseline into mutually exclusive groups. The treatment effect of CRT‐D on the primary outcome (all‐cause death or HF event) and on volume response was compared among these groups. Our analysis identified four phenogroups, significantly different in the majority of baseline clinical characteristics, biomarker values, measures of left and right ventricular structure and function and the primary outcome occurrence. Two phenogroups included a higher proportion of known clinical characteristics predictive of CRT response, and were associated with a substantially better treatment effect of CRT‐D on the primary outcome [hazard ratio (HR) 0.35; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.19–0.64; P = 0.0005 and HR 0.36; 95% CI 0.19–0.68; P = 0.001] than observed in the other groups (interaction P = 0.02).ConclusionsOur results serve as a proof‐of‐concept that, by integrating clinical parameters and full heart cycle imaging data, unsupervised ML can provide a clinically meaningful classification of a phenotypically heterogeneous HF cohort and might aid in optimizing the rate of responders to specific therapies.
Utilization of Glycerol and its Derivatives in a Nickel‐Based SOFC
Authors: Drewery Matthew , Harvey Luke , Bryant Glenn , Kennedy Eric M. , Stockenhuber Michael 
Published: October 2018

AbstractTo address pressures associated with the increasing demand for the use of renewable liquid fuels, production of biodiesel has increased significantly resulting in a concomitant increase in glycerol production. A potential technology which has been examined in this study for utilising this potential waste product is to consider glycerol as well as its decomposition products, as fuels for use in a solid oxide fuel cell. Common glycerol derivatives, acrolein and allyl alcohol, have been examined as feeds, where it was found that allyl alcohol partially undergoes direct oxidation through interaction of the hydroxyl functional group, while the acrolein deactivates the anode through rapid carbon deposition. Additionally, it was shown that glycerol can be used as a fuel directly, with over 90 hours operation without cell deactivation, attributed to its’ highly oxygenated nature through multiple hydroxyl groups interacting with the catalytic anode, resulting in direct oxidation of the glycerol. It was also found that the introduction of salt contaminants typically found as a result of industrial biodiesel synthesis, such as NaCl, resulted in catalyst deactivation due to the formation of undesirable species, in this instance surface NiCl2.
Nickel Foam‐Supported CoCO3@CoSe Nanowires with a Heterostructure Interface for Overall Water Splitting with Low Overpotential and High Efficiency
Authors: Que Ronghui , Ji Gang , Liu Daoshuang , Li Maolin , Wang Xiuhua , Jiang San Ping 
Published: October 2018

The development of highly efficient and stable bifunctional catalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is important for the practical application of water splitting technologies. Herein, heterostructured Co(CO3)0.5(OH)·0.11H2O@CoSe nanowire arrays supported on nickel foam (CCH@CoSe/NF) are successfully fabricated using a simple and facile two‐step hydrothermal method as efficient bifunctional catalysts for overall water splitting in alkaline media. The optimized CCH@CoSe/NF catalytic electrode exhibits an excellent OER activity with a low overpotential of 255 mV at 10 mA cm−2 and superior stability and HER activity with a low overpotential of 128 mV at 10 mA cm−2 and superior stability after 1000 cyclic voltammetry cycles. The defect‐rich heterojunction structure of the catalyst and the NF substrate are helpful to enhance the catalytic activity of a catalyst and the electron migration ability. Significantly, the cell based on bifunctional CCH@CoSe/NF//CCH@CoSe/NF electrodes shows highly efficient overall water electrolysis with a low potential of 1.638 V at 10 mA cm−2 in an alkaline electrolyte and maintains a good stability, indicating that the as‐prepared CCH@CoSe/NF electrodes show a promising potential in the practical overall water splitting electrocatalysis.
Rock‐glacier dams in High Asia
Authors: Blöthe Jan H. , Rosenwinkel Swenja , Höser Thorsten , Korup Oliver 
Published: October 2018

AbstractRock glaciers in semiarid mountains contain large amounts of ice and might be important water stores aside from glaciers, lakes, and rivers. Yet whether and how rock glaciers interact with river channels in mountain valleys remains largely unresolved. We examine the potential for rock glaciers to block or disrupt river channels, using a new inventory of more than 2000 intact rock glaciers that we mapped from remotely sensed imagery in the Karakoram (KR), Tien Shan (TS), and Altai (ALT) mountains. We find that between 5% and 14% of the rock glaciers partly buried, blocked, diverted or constricted at least 95 km of mountain rivers in the entire study area. We use a Bayesian robust logistic regression with multiple topographic and climatic inputs to discern those rock glaciers disrupting mountain rivers from those with no obvious impacts. We identify elevation and potential incoming solar radiation (PISR), together with the size of feeder basins, as dominant predictors, so that lower‐lying and larger rock glaciers from larger basins are more likely to disrupt river channels. Given that elevation and PISR are key inputs for modelling the regional distribution of mountain permafrost from the positions of rock‐glacier toes, we infer that river‐blocking rock glaciers may be diagnostic of non‐equilibrated permafrost. Principal component analysis adds temperature evenness and wet‐season precipitation to the controls that characterise rock glaciers impacting on rivers. Depending on the choice of predictors, the accuracy of our classification is moderate to good with median posterior area‐under‐the‐curve values of 0.71–0.89. Clarifying whether rapidly advancing rock glaciers can physically impound rivers, or fortify existing dams instead, deserves future field investigation. We suspect that rock‐glacier dams are conspicuous features that have a polygenetic history and encourage more research on the geomorphic coupling between permafrost lobes, river channels, and the sediment cascades of semiarid mountain belts. © 2018 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.