bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reconstruct Flexor and Extensor tendon in Severe Hand Injury Using Allogenic tendon: A Retrospective study
Authors: Wang Gu Heng , Mao Tian , Xing Shu Guo , Chen Ya Lan , Zhang Yu Xuan , Xie Ren Guo 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background

To evaluate the effective and safety of reconstruction of flexor and extensor tendon in hand using allogenic tendon with 2- to 7.6-year fellow-up.

Methods

Between August 2007 and July 2014, we performed tendon allografts for 14 patients who suffered from severe hand injury with 2 or more tendon defects. 10 patients have been followed-up, 6 cases of flexor tendon rupture with defect, 3 cases of extensor tendon rupture with defect, 1 case with flexor and extensor tendon rupture with defect. Tendon allografts were used to repair tendon defects in order to reconstruct the function of flexion or extension. At the final follow-up visit, the total active motion (TAM), grip strength, pinch strength, DASH and the degree of satisfaction were measured. The WBC, C-reactive protein (CRP), Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), Total T cell and CD4+T/CD8+T were measured to evaluate the response related to immune and infection.

Results

The average follow-up period was 50.0 months (range 24-82 months). The mean motion of TAM was 129.9°(rang 12-259°), pinch strength was 0.76Kg (rang 0-4.5Kg), grip strength was 18.67Kg (rang 4-46Kg), the score of DASH was 14.25 (rang 3.3-30.8), 7 patients were satisfied and 3 patients were partially satisfied with the results. The results of WBC, CRP, ESR, Total T cell and CD4+ T/CD8+ T were mostly in normal field.

Conclusion

In severe hand injuries with multiple tendon defects, reconstruction of flexor and extensor tendon in hand using allogenic tendon is an effective and safe treatment.
Histological, radiological and clinical outcomes of sinus floor elevation using lateral approach pre-/post- extraction of the severe periodontally compromised maxillary molars: a split-mouth randomized clinical trial
Authors: Yue Zhaoguo , Liu Qi , Zhang Haidong , Yang Jingwen , Zhan Yalin , Han Ye , Yan Yue , Miao Lili , Huang Wenxue , Zhang Churen , Hou Jianxia 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background

Residual alveolar bone volume is a critical factor for the dental implants’ survival [1]. When the volume of alveolar bone in the posterior maxillary region is less than 4mm, the maxillary sinus floor elevation (MSFE) with lateral approach is an effective way to solve this problem [2]. Traditionally, this standard approach is usually delivered 4 months after the extraction of the tooth. However, the defective dentition due to the extraction would cause impaired masticatory function during the long period of the bone regeneration, especially when molars on both sides are severely periodontal compromised and need to be extracted. So, as periodontists, we start to wonder if we can maintain a compromised tooth so that we perform the sinus floor elevation before the extraction (the modified MSFE) to take fully advantage of residual strength of the teeth.

Methods/Design

The proposed study is designed as a prospective single-center, split-mouth design, randomized controlled trial. We plan to recruit 10 patients whose molars on both sides are severely periodontal compromised and in need of dental implant treatment in the atrophied posterior maxilla. The two sides of each patients will be divided into two groups randomly using Randomizer for Clinical Trials (Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation, Medical Univ. Graz). Test group: sinus floor augmentation before tooth extraction (the modified MSFE); Control group: sinus floor augmentation after tooth extraction (the standard MSFE). Implant survival rates, mucosal conditions around the implants, complications, treatment time and postoperative discomfort (visual analogue scale for intraoperative pain and postoperative pain/discomfort) will be recorded. The volume of the alveolar bone will be measured 6, 12, 18, and 24 months after the MSFE surgery by means of CBCT. Histological and histomorphometic analysis will be performed on biopsies retrieved from both side of grafting sites.

Discussion

The current study will explore the effectiveness of the modified MSFE on minimizing the discomfort period caused by defected dentition. To determine whether the modified MSFE will promote the grafting outcomes, the quality and the quantity of the osteogenesis on the sinus floor will also be compared. Depending on the result of the current study, we will determine all the protocols and details about the modified MSFE, including indications, detailed methods, post-operational complications and managements.
Retrospective Analysis of 1,641 Cases of Classic Fever of Unknown Origins
Authors: Guanyu Zhou , Ying Zhou , Cejun Zhong , Hui Ye , Zhenzhen Liu , Yanbin Liu , Guangmin Tang , Junyan Qu , LV XIAOJU 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background

We present a study of the etiological factors and clinical features of classic fever of unknown origins (FUO) to provide evidence for related clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Methods

We analyzed 1,641 cases of patients with classic FUO hospitalized in West China Hospital of Sichuan University during January 1, 2011 and December 31, 2017, analyzed the etiological factors of classic FUO, explored and screened the laboratory indicators related to infectious diseases, and compared the above data with the clinical features of tuberculosis and lymphoma, which are difficult to diagnose.

Results

1,504 patients were diagnosed through various examination or diagnostic treatment methods, and the diagnosis rate was 91.65%. 48.69% (799) were infectious diseases, of which tuberculosis was the most common, accounting for 19.50% (320) . 19.26% (316) were connective tissue diseases, among which adult-onset Still’s disease (AOSD) was the most common, accounting for 5.42%(89). 16.94% (278) were neoplastic diseases, and lymphoma was the most common malignant tumor, accounting for 8.71%(143). 6.76% (111) were other diseases; and 8.35% (137) were unclear. We found that there were no significant differences between the symptoms, signs, and non-specific routine examination results of tuberculosis and lymphoma. Tuberculosis-related examinations and pathological examinations used more frequently.

Conclusion

The causes of classic FUO are mostly infectious diseases, in which tuberculosis accounts for a large proportion. Non-infectious diseases that cause FUO are mainly connective tissue diseases and malignant tumors. Tuberculosis and lymphoma are relatively difficult to diagnose. The causes of most cases of classic FUO could be ascertained.
Intestinal DCs global gene expression dynamics affected by recombinant baker’s yeasts saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Han Baoquan , Zhang Tingting , Li Xinyi , Zhao Rui , Ge Wei , Mu Lu , Xu Kun , Zhang Zhiying 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background

The baker’s yeast, saccharomyces cerevisiae, has been widely used throughout our daily life in diverse aspects for thousands of years. The saccharomyces cerevisiae was found to specifically target the dendritic cells (DCs) in mammalian with a manner of antigen-receptor interaction as described previously. It is necessary to investigate the effect of the baker’s yeasts on global gene expression dynamics of intestinal DCs and explore the possibilities of using baker’s yeast as gene delivery vehicle to modulate animal’s immune functions

Results

with a murine oral delivery model in vivo, we confirmed the feasibility of using budding yeast as gene delivery vehicle to the intestinal DCs using the Western blots. We then examined the transcriptome profile of the mouse intestinal DCs upon yeast stimulus. The enrichment analysis of unique transcripts indicated the beneficial role of yeast in modulating the DC-mediated adaptive immunity. Compared with previous study, we also found that a large fraction of the regulated genes is coincident with the response induced by other fungus, suggesting that the budding yeast induces a similar tailored unique genetic re-programming of DCs. Another analysis of transcriptome profile indicated that expression of β-catenin gene significantly changes DCs gene expression related to inflammatory response and cell adhesion.

Conclusions

Here, we defined the role of budding yeast on global gene expression of intestinal DCs, and confirmed the important role of β-catenin gene on the DCs-related inflammatory response, which provides a framework for the development of mucosa yeast-based DNA vaccine.
Interventions to Structural System of Masonry Buildings and their Effects to their Seismic Response
Authors: Karantoni Fillitsa V. , Sarantitis Dimitris N. 
Published: July 2019

Background:
Preservation of listed buildings, depending on the importance of each one, requires the conservation of the whole structure or of only the external walls, often called shell of the building, or even only of the façade. In the latter cases, although the new structure is studied to undergo the applied loads according to the codes in force, less research is made to study the response of the remaining structure under seismic loads.

Objective:
The response of unreinforced masonry (URM) structures with alterations of the original load bearing system to strong ground motions is studied in the present paper. Commonly used radical interventions comprise the addition of a steel or reinforced concrete frame in the interior of the structure after removal of interior load bearing or/and dividing walls. The embedded substructure is designed to support the functional loads of the building and commensurate seismic design forces associated with its mass. In this setting, perimeter walls are relieved of any bearing action apart from resisting the state of stress associated with their self-weight. An important design decision is the extent of contact and interaction that is allowed to occur between the perimeter URM walls and the interior structural system; both options present advantages and disadvantages.

Methods:
The effect that this design option has on the seismic response of the composite system is studied in this paper using linear elastic finite element analysis. The effect of each intervention is estimated by comparing the principal tensile stresses (pts) developed on the walls before and after each intervention as well as the percentage of the wall areas in elevation where the pts are higher than tensile strength of masonry.

Results:
It is found that connection of the frame to the masonry walls at several points around the floor and roof perimeters creates a diaphragm action that effectively reduces the out-of-plane bending of the self-standing perimeter URM walls without excessive local stress intensities and increases the shear strength of the building. Lack of contact between the old and new load bearing elements leads to higher intensity stresses due to bending and only the addition of a reinforced concrete tie belt at the top of the walls may mitigate serious damage.

Conclusions:
The cooperation of the Moment Resisting Frames, irrespective of the material of the frame (reinforced concrete or structural steel) and the walls by connecting the perimeter structural walls with it at floor and roof levels, is more efficient to the stress state of the walls transforming the critical out-of-plane bending of later to shear one, preventing them from out-of-plane collapse.
Artificial Intelligence Versus Clinicians in Disease Diagnosis: Systematic Review
Authors: Shen Jiayi , Zhang Casper J P , Jiang Bangsheng , Chen Jiebin , Song Jian , Liu Zherui , He Zonglin , Wong Sum Yi , Fang Po-Han , Ming Wai-Kit 
Published: July 2019

Background
Artificial intelligence (AI) has been extensively used in a range of medical fields to promote therapeutic development. The development of diverse AI techniques has also contributed to early detections, disease diagnoses, and referral management. However, concerns about the value of advanced AI in disease diagnosis have been raised by health care professionals, medical service providers, and health policy decision makers.

Objective
This review aimed to systematically examine the literature, in particular, focusing on the performance comparison between advanced AI and human clinicians to provide an up-to-date summary regarding the extent of the application of AI to disease diagnoses. By doing so, this review discussed the relationship between the current advanced AI development and clinicians with respect to disease diagnosis and thus therapeutic development in the long run.

Methods
We systematically searched articles published between January 2000 and March 2019 following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analysis in the following databases: Scopus, PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library. According to the preset inclusion and exclusion criteria, only articles comparing the medical performance between advanced AI and human experts were considered.

Results
A total of 9 articles were identified. A convolutional neural network was the commonly applied advanced AI technology. Owing to the variation in medical fields, there is a distinction between individual studies in terms of classification, labeling, training process, dataset size, and algorithm validation of AI. Performance indices reported in articles included diagnostic accuracy, weighted errors, false-positive rate, sensitivity, specificity, and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve. The results showed that the performance of AI was at par with that of clinicians and exceeded that of clinicians with less experience.

Conclusions
Current AI development has a diagnostic performance that is comparable with medical experts, especially in image recognition-related fields. Further studies can be extended to other types of medical imaging such as magnetic resonance imaging and other medical practices unrelated to images. With the continued development of AI-assisted technologies, the clinical implications underpinned by clinicians’ experience and guided by patient-centered health care principle should be constantly considered in future AI-related and other technology-based medical research.
Media Use Among Students From Different Health Curricula: Survey Study
Authors: Zupanic Michaela , Rebacz Patrick , Ehlers Jan P 
Published: July 2019

Background
Mobile devices such as smartphones, tablets, and laptop computers enable users to search for information and communicate with others at any place and any time. Such devices are increasingly being used at universities for teaching and learning. The use of mobile devices by students depends, among others, on the individual media literacy level and the curricular framework.

Objective
The objective of this study was to explore whether there were differences in media use in students from various curricula at the Faculty of Health, Witten/Herdecke University.

Methods
During the 2015-16 winter term, a survey was conducted at the Faculty of Health, Witten/Herdecke University, in which a total of 705 students (out of 1091 students; response rate: 705/1091, 64.61%) from 4 schools participated voluntarily: medicine (346/598), dentistry (171/204), psychology (142/243), and nursing science (46/46). The questionnaire developed for the study included 132 questions on 4 topics: (1) electronic and mobile devices (19 questions), (2) communication and organization of learning (45 questions), (3) apps/programs/websites/media (34 questions), and (4) media literacy (34 questions). The questionnaire was distributed and anonymously completed during in-class courses.

Results
Students from all 4 schools had at least two electronic devices, with smartphones (97.4%, 687/705) and laptops (94.8%, 669/705) being the most common ones. Students agreed that electronic devices enabled them to effectively structure the learning process (mean 3.16, SD 0.62) and shared the opinion that university teaching should include imparting media literacy (mean 2.84, SD 0.84). Electronic device ownership was the highest among medical students (mean 2.68, SD 0.86) and medical students were the only ones to use a tutorial (36.1%, 125/346). Dental students most widely used text messages (mean 3.41, SD 0.49) and social media (mean 2.57, SD 1.10) to organize learning. Psychology students considered mobile devices to be most ineffective (mean 2.81, SD 0.83). Nursing science students used emails (mean 3.47, SD 0.73) and desktop computers (39%, 18/46) most widely.

Conclusions
The results show that almost all students use electronic learning (e-learning) tools. At the same time, different profiles for different degree programs become apparent, which are to be attributed to not only the varying curricula and courses but also to the life circumstances of different age groups. Universities should, therefore, pay attention to the diverse user patterns and media literacy levels of students when planning courses to enable successful use of e-learning methods.
As produções originais Netflix, nostalgia e safe returns: o revival de Gilmore Girls
Authors: Ramos Eutália , Guedes Fabrícia 
Published: July 2019

As produções originais Netflix têm seu espaço demarcado na indústria audiovisual. Nesta pesquisa damos destaque aos produtos que trazem elementos ou estórias já apresentados ao público anteriormente, os remakes, as adaptações e/ou as continuações. A empresa explora nessas produções a memória, a nostalgia e a história a partir de um “público base”, ou seja, um telespectador que já conhece e tem interesse no produto. Nesse cenário, compreendemos essa prática a partir do conceito de safe returns (HOLDSWORTH, 2011), o retorno seguro, para pensar as produções audiovisuais dentro da condição de valor econômico da nostalgia. Trazemos, então, o revival da série Gilmore Girls, que foi lançado na plataforma de streaming em 2016, como exemplo de um investimento safe returns da Netflix. Palavras-chave: Séries. Netflix. Nostalgia. Safe Returns. Gilmore Gilrs.
ADOÇÃO DE CRIANÇAS POR CASAIS HOMOSSEXUAIS: Contestação e submissão da ordem familiar
Authors: Peixoto Pedro Henrique Lago , Di Gregório Maria de Fátima Araújo 
Published: July 2019

A questão do processo judicial de adoção de crianças por casais homossexuais perpassa por diversas questões sociais. Envolve aspectos legais, culturais, que ultrapassam os limites simbólicos, e que transcorrem sobre questões jurídicas e étnicas, envolvendo questionamentos e enfrentamentos. Tem-se, explicitamente ou implicitamente, fronteiras étnicas que marcam o lugar de cada sujeito na sociedade, especificamente, por envolver a sexualidade, a homossexualidade, os “novos” conceitos de família, os questionamentos sociais, religiosos, filosóficos e jurídicos quanto à questão. Os “novos” arranjos familiares, posto à etnicidade, a sociedade, em razão de diversas transformações, reorganiza-se e recria-se a família. Destarte, o presente trabalho investigou como e em que medida os marcadores étnicos e sociossexuais de casais homossexuais interferem, influenciam ou se apoiam nas decisões judiciais para a adoção de crianças em Jequié, Ilhéus e Vitória da Conquista, no Estado da Bahia, tendo como colaboradores juízes que acompanharam os mencionados pedidos de adoção e os casais que pretenderam realizar a adoção de crianças. Pensar como os discursos funcionam é colocar-se na encruzilhada de um duplo jogo da memória: o da memória institucional que estabiliza, cristaliza, e, ao mesmo tempo, o da memória constituída pelo esquecimento que é o que torna possível o diferente, a ruptura, o outro. Com a análise de dados sociológicos dos grupos envolvidos, a pesquisa apresentou alguns marcadores étnicos e sociossexuais de casais homossexuais como possíveis razões das decisões judiciais para a adoção de crianças pelos casais gays.
Palavras-chave: Família; Adoção; Casais gays; Criança.
Plaintive Survival under Panoptical Surveillance: A Reading of Rituparno Ghosh’s The Last Lear.
Authors: Thomas Aparna 
Published: July 2019

This paper is an attempt to explore how the powerful gaze of the panoptical power relation through the technological aids of this neocolonial era which forms the ‘Self,’ distorts the identity, privacy and liberty of the lives under this surveillance who becomes the ‘other’. The study is based on the reading of Rituparno Ghosh’s 2007 English–language film The Last Lear. The film which won the National Award of India for the best feature film in English in 2007 is based on a 1985 Bengali play, Ajker Shajahan ( Today’s Shakespeare) written by Utpala Dutt. The film unfolds the story of an aging Shakespearean actor persuaded by a young ambitious director to take up acting again. But the retired actor is unwilling to adjust the new world of cinema and its complex technical tricks. The film also expose how the powerful camera gaze and mobile phones turn as the new colonizer who distorts truth and induce fears in the minds of the people under surveillance. This study is carried out based on the Post-Panoptical theories of Surveillance.
How Epstein-Barr Virus “Manipulates” The Tumoral Microenvironment in Hodgkin Lymphoma?
Authors: Turbatu Andrei , Coliţă Andrei , Stoian Marilena , Bordea Ana-Maria , Oprea Mădălina , Ghimici Cecilia , Gelatu Ionel , Ghimfus Loredana Alina , Stoica Andra Georgiana , Banu Cristina Elena , Lupu Anca-Roxana 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a gamma-herpesvirus that colonizes the B-cell system of its human host, allowing it to persist asymptomatically in the majority of the world’s adult population. In most people primary infection goes unnoticed, whereas in a minority of individuals, primary infection results in infectious mononucleosis (IM), a benign condition that almost always resolves after several weeks or months. However, EBV is also causally linked with a number of malignancies, including B-cell lymphomas, such as classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL).
A proportion of patients with cHL harbor EBV within their tumor cells. Emerging evidence suggests that while EBV is able to subvert cellular processes to promote the growth and survival of HRS cells or their progenitors, mutations in key cell signalization pathways are probably required to do this when EBV is absent. The challenge is to unravel exactly how EBV and its latent genes contribute to the pathogenesis of cHL particularly with respect to how the virus co-operates with cellular genetic and epigenetic changes to drive transformation. It is hoped that the development of better in vitro and in vivo models of disease will reveal more fundamental aspects of EBV’s role in Hodgkin lymphoma pathogenesis and pave the way for targeted therapies for patients with EBV-positive cHL.
Effect of Two Girdling Dates on Carbohydrate Accumulation in Plant Tissues and Fruit Quality of Barberry
Authors: Moqhaddam Mina , Arefnezhad Zeinab , Khayyat Mehdi 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The present study was designed to investigate the effects of two girdling dates (late April and early September) on fruit quality and carbohydrate accumulation in barberry shrubs (Berberis vulgaris L.) during the years 2016–2017. One year old shoots were ringed and fruit characteristics were monitored for two continues year. Data showed that the girdling caused a significant increase in the ascorbic acid content in fruit. Similarly, anthocyanin and total acidity were affected by girdling compared to control in 2017. September-girdled shrubs had the highest amount of fresh mass but the dry mass was not changed. It was shown that chlorophyll b increased in the girdled shrubs compared to control. September girdling reduced the carbohydrate content in leaves. In contrast, it increased the carbohydrate content in shoots. In addition, there was a significant difference between starch in the shoot and starch in leaf. Owing to the obtained results, early September girdling caused a broad range on fruit quality.