bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of mid-term outcomes of posterior or postero-anterior approach using different bone grafting in children with lumbar tuberculosis
Authors: Zhang Hongqi , Guo Qiang , Liu Shaohua , Guo Chaofeng , Gao Qile , Tang Mingxing 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
The anterior and middle columns instead of the posterior column of spine are usually destroyed by tuberculosis which could aggravate the kyphosis accompanying the growth imbalance of spine in children. The surgical method needs to be selected cautiously for effective treatment. To our knowledge, few studies have evaluated mid-term outcomes of 2 surgeries (posterior-only approach and combined posterior and anterior approaches) with allograft or shaped titanium mesh cages for the treatment of lumbar tuberculosis in children. The study aims to compare the surgical mid-term outcomes of the posterior-only approach and the combined approaches using different bone grafting for the treatment of pediatric lumbar tuberculosis.
Between January 2007 and June 2013 at our spine center, 51 consecutive pediatric lumbar tuberculosis with an average age of 7.3 ± 3.93 years treated with combined posterior and anterior approaches (PA, 22 cases) or posterior-only approach (PO, 29 cases) were enrolled. Two types of interbody bone graft were applied in this study: fresh-frozen tricortical iliac-bone allograft (AG, 21 cases) and shaped titanium mesh cages (TM, 30 cases). All medical records and radiographs were retrospectively reviewed. The Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) is applied to evaluate the neurological function. The average visual analogue (VAS) and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) were used to evaluate the quality of life.
The average follow-up was 6.7 ± 1.9 years. The mean operation time, average blood loss, complication rate, and lengths of hospital stay of PO were less than those of the PA. The postoperative VAS (1 day after surgery) of PA was significantly higher than that of PO. The ODI, VAS and JOA scores at the final follow-up had been improved significantly compared with preoperative scores. The ODI, VAS and JOA scores at the final follow-up were similar between PA and PO as well as between AG and TM. There was no statistically significant difference about the fusion times between PO and PA groups. The final follow-up kyphosis correction rate and the correction loss at the final follow-up between the PO and PA groups showed no statistically significant difference. However, the final follow-up correction rate of the AG group was lower than that of TM group. The correction loss of the AG group was higher than that of TM group.
The posterior only approach in experienced hands provides satisfying treatment for the children lumbar tuberculosis with less invasive, much safer, and more effective compared with combined posterior and anterior approach. The shaped titanium mesh cages are noted to be a valuable tool in surgical decision making.
Effectiveness of electrical stimulation combined with pelvic floor muscle training on postpartum urinary incontinence
Authors: Ma Xiao-xing , Liu An 
Published: March 2019

Abstract

Background:
Previous clinical trials have reported that electrical stimulation (ES) combined with pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) can be used to treat postpartum urinary incontinence (PPUI) effectively. However, no systematic review has investigated the effectiveness and safety of ES plus PFMT for the treatment of patients with PPUI. In this systematic review, we will firstly assess the effectiveness and safety of ES and PFMT for treating PPUI.

Methods:
In this study, we will search the following electronic databases: Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Springer, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Allied and Complementary Medicine Database, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure from inceptions to the present without language restrictions. All eligible randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the effectiveness of ES plus PFMT for PPUI will be included. We will also search grey literature to avoid missing any other potential qualified studies. Two authors will independently conduct the study selection, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment. A third author will be consulted to solve any disagreements between 2 authors. RevMan 5.3 Software will be used to pool the data and to carry out the meta-analysis.

Results:
This study will provide high quality evidence of ES and PFMT for PPUI. The primary outcome includes symptoms improvement. The secondary outcomes consist of incontinence-specific quality of life, clinician's observations, and adverse effects.

Conclusion:
The findings of this study will summary up-to-dated evidence for judging whether ES combined PFMT is an effective intervention for PPUI or not.

Ethics and Dissemination:
This study does not needs ethical approval, because it will not involve individual patient data. Its findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed journals.

Systematic review registration:
CRD42019122540.
PBK/TOPK overexpression and survival in solid tumors
Authors: Xu Ming , Xu Song 
Published: March 2019

Abstract

Background:
The prognostic significance of PBK/TOPK overexpression in solid tumors remains controversial. Therefore, we carried out a meta-analysis to evaluate the impact of PBK/TOPK overexpression in solid tumors on patients’ overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS).

Methods:
Relevant articles were identified through searching the PubMed, Embase and Web of Science up to May 2017. The pooled hazard ratio (HR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was used to estimate the effects.

Results:
In this meta-analysis, 12 studies involving 1571 participants were included, PBK/TOPK overexpression was significantly associated with poor OS (pooled HR = 1.91, 95%CI = 1.22-3.00, P = .005) and short DFS (pooled HR = 1.95, 95%CI = 1.46-2.58, P < .001).

Conclusions:
PBK/TOPK overexpression was associated with poor survival in human solid tumors which may be a valuable prognosis biomarker and a potential therapeutic target of solid tumors.
Tuina for functional constipation
Authors: Wang Congan , Zhang Xinghe , Wang Dandan , Shi Bin , Sun Guodong , Zhang Bo , Zou Liang 
Published: March 2019

Abstract

Background:
Functional constipation (FC) is one of the most common functional gastrointestinal disorders, which brings many negative impacts to the patient's daily life. In the treatment of FC, Tuina (Chinese massage) is often performed as complementary and alternative medicine and shows a good effect in many clinical trials. However, no high-quality systematic review was taken to show the efficacy and safety of Tuina for FC.

Methods:
The electronic databases of Cochrane Library, Web of Science (WOS), MEDLINE, Wiley, Springer, EMBASE, Chinese Science Citation Database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, Chinese Scientific Journal Database, Wan-fang database, and other databases will be searched from the establishment to February 1, 2019. Randomized controlled trials about this theme will be retrieved. Independent reviewers will operate literature retrieval, duplication removing, screening, quality evaluation, data analyses by EndNote (X9) and Review Manager (5.3.5). Meta-analysis, subgroup analysis and/or descriptive analysis will be performed based on the included data form.

Results:
Evidenced outcome will be provided from defecation frequency, stool consistency (Bistol stool scale), success rates, quality of life, proportion of patients using laxatives, and adverse effects.

Conclusion:
This review will provide evidence of whether Tuina is an effective and safe intervention for FC.

Trail registration number:
This protocol of systematic review has been registered on PROSPERO website (No. CRD42019119722).
Case report: a novel mutation in ZIC2 in an infant with microcephaly, holoprosencephaly, and arachnoid cyst
Authors: Xiong Jianjun , Xiang Bingwu , Chen Xiang , Cai Tao 
Published: March 2019

Abstract

Rationale:
Holoprosencephaly (HPE) is a severe congenital brain malformation resulting from failed or incomplete forebrain division in early pregnancy.

Patient concerns:
In this study, we reported a 9-month old infant girl with mild microcephaly, semilobor HPE, and arachnoid cyst.

Diagnoses:
Potential genetic defects were screened directly using trio-case whole exome sequencing (WES) rather than traditional karyotype, microarray, and Sanger sequencing of select genes.

Outcomes:
A previous unpublished de novo missense mutation (c.1069C >G, p.H357D) in the 3rd zinc finger domain (ZFD3) of the ZIC2 gene was identified in the affected individual, but not in the parents. Sanger sequencing using specific primers verified the mutation. Extensive bioinformatics analysis confirmed the pathogenicity of this extremely rare mutation. Phenotype-genotype analysis revealed significant correlation between the 3rd zinc-finger domain with semilobor HPE.

Lessons:
These findings expanded the spectrum of the ZIC2 gene mutations and associated clinical manifestations, which is the first identification of a mutated ZIC2 gene in a Han infant girl with mild microcephaly, semilobor HPE, and arachnoid cyst.
Expanding the clinical and mutational spectrum of germline ABL1 mutations-associated syndrome
Authors: Bravo-Gil Nereida , Marcos Irene , González-Meneses Antonio , Antiñolo Guillermo , Borrego Salud 
Published: March 2019

Abstract

Rationale:
Clinical and genetic management of patients with rare syndromes is often a difficult, confusing, and slow task.

Patient concerns:
Male child patient with a multisystemic disease showing congenital heart defects, facial dysmorphism, skeletal malformations, and eye anomalies.

Diagnosis:
The patient remained clinically undiagnosed until the genetic results were conclusive and allowed to associate its clinical features with the germline ABL1 mutations-associated syndrome.

Interventions:
We performed whole-exome sequencing to uncover the underlying genetic defect in this patient. Subsequently, family segregation of identified mutations was performed by Sanger sequencing in all available family members.

Outcomes:
The only detected variant compatible with the disease was a novel heterozygous nonframeshift de novo deletion in ABL1 (c.434_436del; p.Ser145del). The affected residue lays in a functional domain of the protein, it is highly conserved among distinct species, and its loss is predicted as pathogenic by in silico studies.

Lessons:
Our results reinforce the involvement of ABL1 in clinically undiagnosed cases with developmental defects and expand the clinical and genetic spectrum of the recently reported ABL1-associated syndrome. In this sense, we described the third germline ABL1 causative mutation and linked, for the first time, ocular anterior chamber anomalies to this pathology. Thus, we suggest that this disorder may be more heterogeneous than is currently believed and may be overlapping with other multisystemic diseases, hence genetic and clinical reassessment of this type of cases should be considered to ensure proper diagnosis.
Efficacy of erlotinib and celecoxib for patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Jin Yi-Hua , Li Wei-Hong , Bai Yan , Ni Lei 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
This study evaluated the efficacy and toxicity of erlotinib and celecoxib (EC) for treating Chinese patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (ANSCLC) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) wild type.
Totally, 75 subjects with ANSCLC and EGFR wild type were included. They all underwent EC treatment. The outcome measurements consisted of progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), complete response (CR), partial response (PR), stable disease (SD), progress disease (PD), and disease control rate (DCR). Additionally, adverse events were also documented.
Two-year CR, PR, SD, PD, and DCR were 4.0%, 6.7%, 42.6%, 46.7%, and 53.3% respectively. The median PFS was 3.4 months, the median OS was 10.0 months. Additionally, acceptable toxicities were recorded in this study.
The results showed that EC may be efficacious for patients with ANSCLC and EGFR wild type only, and acceptable toxicity among the Chinese Han population.
Occurrence of acute pulmonary embolism induced by recombinant erythropoietin during treatment of pure red cell aplasia associated with thymoma
Authors: Cui Xiangli , Wan Zirui , Ma Zhuo , Liu Lihong , Yang Yuanhua 
Published: March 2019

Abstract

Rationale:
Thymoma is a type of rare tumor in the thymus gland, and among patients with thymoma, less than 10% will develop pure red cell aplasia (PRCA), whereas less than 5% of patients with PRCA have a thymoma. The optimal approach for PRCA in thymoma is immunosuppressive therapy, such as steroids, cyclosporine, and human antithymocyte globulin.

Patient concerns:
A sixty-one-year-old male was diagnosed with thymoma with PRCA after he complained fatigue, tinnitus, and weakness for 1 month, he received therapy with recombinant erythropoietin (rhEPO) for 1 month after the tumor was totally resected and readmitted with pulmonary embolism and received anticoagulation therapy with enoxaparin for 3 months.

Diagnoses:
Thymoma, pure red cell aplasia, pulmonary embolism.

Intervention:
He received cyclosporine A, prednisone and rhEPO treatment. Two months after the thymectomy and postoperative radiation, he was readmitted with pulmonary embolism.

Outcomes:
Thymoma and pulmonary embolism become complete response (CR), PRCA become partial response (PR).

Lessons:
Clinicians should be alert to the possibility of the increased risk of thrombosis induced by rhEPO when it used to treat PRCA associated with thymoma. If other medication is effective for managing PRCA, rhEPO should be avoided.
Social media communication shorten door-to-balloon time in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction
Authors: Yu Shao-Hua , Shih Hong-Mo , Chang Shih-Sheng , Chen Wei-Kung , Li Chi-Yuan 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) is the preferred treatment method for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Many efforts had been made to reduce door-to-balloon (DTB) time in patients with STEMI. The objective of this study is to demonstrate how intrahospital social media communication reduced DTB times in STEMI patients requiring an interhospital transfer.
We retrospectively enrolled patients with STEMI who had been transferred from other hospitals during 2016 and 2017. Patients were divided into 2 groups. The previewed group had an electrocardiogram (ECG) done at the first hospital that was previewed by the cardiologist via social media. The control group was treated using the conventional clinical approach. We compared DTB time and outcome between 2 groups.
The 2 groups shared some similar clinical characteristics. However, the previewed group had significantly shorter DTB times than the control group (n = 51, DTB 52.61 ± 42.20 vs n = 89, DTB time 78.40 ± 50.64, P = .003). The time elapsed between ECG and the call to the laboratory decreased most apparently in the previewed group (−11.24 ± 48.81 vs 16.96 ± 33.08, P < .001). The previewed group also tended to have less in-hospital major adverse cardiovascular events (P = .091).
When the patients with STEMI required transfer to the PCI-capable hospital, using social media to preview ECG reduced DTB time, mainly because the cardiologists activated the catheter laboratories much earlier, sometimes even before the patients arrived at the PCI-capable hospital.
Percutaneous vertebroplasty vs balloon kyphoplasty in the treatment of newly onset osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures
Authors: Cheng Junjie , Muheremu Aikeremujiang , Zeng Xianming , Liu Liebin , Liu Yang , Chen Yaying 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
To compare percutaneous vertebroplasty (VP) and balloon kyphoplasty (BKP) for their effectiveness and safety in the treatment of newly onset osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (VCF).
Patients with confirmed diagnosis of newly onset osteoporotic VCF and treated in our center between January 2008 and December 2016 were retrospectively included in the study. Patients were divided into 2 groups according the surgical treatment they have received. They were followed for 12 months after surgery by outpatient visits and phone interviews. Changes in VAS and ODI scores, quantity of injected bone cement, cost of treatment, changes in the height of the vertebra, incidence of complications such as bone cement leakage, adjacent level vertebral fracture during follow up and total were compared between the 2 groups.
A total of 338 patients were included in the final analysis. Demographic characteristics were similar in 2 groups. There were no significant differences between the 2 groups concerning VAS and ODI scores after the surgery and at last follow up (P > .05). However, total cost of treatment, quantity of injected bone cement, incidence of adjacent level fracture, restored vertebral height and the loss of vertebral body height at the last follow up were significantly higher in the BKP group than the VP group (P < .05).
Considering the similar key outcome parameters such as VAS and ODI scores and significantly more cost of BKP, VP can be prioritized over BKP in the treatment of patients with newly onset osteoporotic VCF.
HCV core antigen is a useful predictor during pegylated-interferon/ribavirin therapy in patients with hepatitis C virus genotype 1b
Authors: Fan Zhijuan , Liu Junfeng , Wang Fengmei , Liu Jingmin , Ding Xian , Liu Shuye 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Enzyme immunoassays for quantifying hepatitis C virus (HCV) core antigen (Ag) have been proposed as an alternative to HCV RNA detection. The present study aimed to investigate the early kinetics of serum HCVcAg and its usefulness in predicting virological responses.
The clinical data of 135 patients with chronic hepatitis C treated with pegylated interferon alpha (PEG-IFN-α) and ribavirin was retrospectively collected. The patients were grouped according to their treatment outcomes as follows: sustained virological response (SVR), nonsustained virological response (N-SVR), and relapse.
Higher HCVcAg and HCV RNA levels were observed in patients in the N-SVR group than in the other groups at baseline. HCVcAg better predicted rapid virological response (RVR) compared with HCV RNA and had a predictive value similar to that of HCV RNA for SVR and early virological response. In the relapse group, HCV RNA decreased to 0 after 48 weeks, whereas HCVcAg was still detectable, indicating that HCVcAg more sensitively predicted relapse in antiviral therapy than HCV RNA.
For patients treated with PEG-INF-α and ribavirin, HCVcAg may more sensitively predict relapse than HCV RNA.
Is tamsulosin effective for the passage of symptomatic ureteral stones
Authors: Sun Yi , Lei Guo-Lin , Yang Lu , Wei Qiang , Wei Xin 
Published: March 2019

Abstract

Background:
Some trials have stated that there is no benefit to tamsulosin administration for clearing ureteral stones, which is contrary to previous studies. To confirm the efficacy of tamsulosin for treating symptomatic ureteral stones, we performed this review.

Methods:
We searched the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases to identify all studied variables, including tamsulosin, urinary stones, expulsion, and side effects. In addition, for all patients and different stone sizes, the treatment efficacy, expulsion rate, and expulsion time were also recorded for this treatment.

Results:
Forty-nine studies involving 6436 patients met the inclusion criteria. The data synthesized from these studies indicated that tamsulosin improved the renal stone clearance rate (80.5% vs 70.5%; mean difference (MD), 1.16; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.13–1.19; P <.00001) and reduced the expulsion time (MD, −3.61; 95% CI, −3.77 to −3.46; P ≤.00001). Regarding complications, no significant difference was found between the 2 groups in terms of the total side effects (MD, 1.15; 95% CI, 0.97–1.35; P = .10) or divided complications, including retrograde ejaculation (P = .01), hypotension (P = .52), dizziness (P = .07), diarrhea (P = .58), vomiting (P = .88), headache (P = .84), nausea (P = .91), and fatigue (P = .10).

Conclusions:
Tamsulosin should be strongly recommended for patients with ureteral stones to increase treatment efficacy. The side effects were not significantly different between the tamsulosin and control treatments.
A comparison of the impact of current smoking on 2-year major clinical outcomes of first- and second-generation drug-eluting stents in acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Kim Yong Hoon , Her Ae-Young , Jeong Myung Ho , Kim Byeong-Keuk , Hong Sung-Jin , Ahn Chul-Min , Kim Jung-Sun , Ko Young-Guk , Choi Donghoon , Hong Myeong-Ki , Jang Yangsoo 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
There are limited studies comparing the effect of current smoking on first-generation (1G)-drug-eluting stents (DES) and second-generation (2G)-DES in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients after successful percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). We investigated the clinical impact of current smoking on 2-year clinical outcomes between the 1G-DES and the 2G-DES in AMI patients after PCI.
A total of 11,812 AMI patients with a history of current smoking who underwent successful PCI with 1G-DES (n = 4622) or 2G-DES (n = 7190) were enrolled. The primary endpoint was the occurrence of major adverse cardiac events (MACE) defined as all-cause death, recurrent AMI (re-MI) or any revascularization (target lesion revascularization [TLR], target vessel revascularization [TVR], and non-TVR). The secondary endpoint was the incidence of definite or probable stent thrombosis (ST).
Two propensity score-matched (PSM) groups (3900 pairs, n = 7800, C-statistic = .708) were generated. After PSM analysis, the 2-year cumulative incidence of MACE was significantly higher in the 1G-DES group compared with the 2G-DES (9.4% vs 7.4%, Log-rank P = .002; hazard ratio, 1.281; 95% confidence interval, 1.097–1.495; P = .002) and this increased incidence of MACE was associated with the increased incidence of any revascularization including TLR, TVR, and non-TVR. However, the incidences of ST, all-cause death, re-MI were not significantly different during 2-year follow-up period.
2G-DES was the preferred treatment strategy for AMI patients with a history of current smoking to reduce MACE especially, any revascularization rate rather than 1G-DES in this study.
Concomitant occurrence of primary renal non-Hodgkin lymphoma and a colon cancer
Authors: Li Ji , Zou Yabin , Wang Bin , Meng Xiangwei , Sun Xun 
Published: March 2019

Abstract

Rationale:
Primary renal lymphoma (PRL) is a rare malignancy due to the absence of lymphatic tissues in the kidney, and patients with PRL have been reported to have a poor prognosis due to its rapid invasiveness and limited treatment strategies. Colon cancer is the third most common cancer, and has a high mortality rate. Both malignant diseases predominantly affected elderly men; however, a case with concomitant occurrence of the 2 cancers is extremely rare.

Patient concerns:
A 78-year-old male patient with abdominal pain came to our hospital. Computed tomography (CT) indicated malignant masses in the left kidney, left adrenal gland, and the lower part of the descending colon.

Diagnoses:
PRL and colon cancer were diagnosed based on pathological examinations.

Interventions:
The patient was treated with laparoscopic radical nephrectomy and laparoscopic radical resection of colon cancer.

Outcomes:
The patient was then transferred to the intensive care unit (ICU) because of poor condition after surgery. He died 3 months after discharge without receiving any other treatment.

Lessons:
It is worth thinking about whether surgery was reasonable for elderly patients with double malignancies, or palliative treatment to improve the quality of life was more meaningful. This case also contributes to the understanding of the 2 malignancies and highlights the need to pay more attention to patients with multiple primary malignant neoplasms (MPMNs), explore genetic features, and investigate treatments with more survival benefits.