bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Frequency Magnetic field on Gram Positive and Gram Negative Bacteria
Authors: Bayatiani Mohamad Reza , seif fatemeh , Arjomandzadegan mohamad , moradabadi alireza , parvin arash 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Objective It is necessary to evaluate the harmful or useful effects of electromagnetic waves on living organisms and determine the threshold of these radiations. In this research, the effect of magnetic fields on the growth of gram-positive ( Staphylococcus aureus ) and gram-negative ( Escherichia coli ) bacteria has been evaluated.Results In Gram-negative bacteria such as E. coli in both magnetic fields 1mT and 2mT at different frequencies, an additive effect was seen on the growth of bacteria. When the frequency increased the trend of increasing bacterial growth, slowed. In Gram-positive bacteria such as Staphylococcus, this effect was less. In 1mT magnetic field, the growth of bacteria was seen but the 2mT field was virtually ineffective and the differences between two groups at different frequencies were not significant. Also, significant changes didn't observe with increasing frequency. Study of bacterial growth in terms of frequency in both case and control groups showed an increasing trend. With increasing frequency from 50 Hz to 150Hz significantly increased the rate of bacterial growth and the growth in the higher frequencies more than lower frequencies. Magnetic field had increment effect on the growth of bacteria. This effect was greater on gram-negative than on gram-positive.
Hypocalcemia and Other Associated Peri and Early Post-partum Problems of Dairy Cows in North-Western Ethiopia
Authors: Adugna Takele Kassegn , Alemu Sefinew Mekonnen , Molla Wassie Abebe , Melaku Shewatatek 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Abstract:
Background: Hypocalcemia is the most important metabolic problems commonly affect transition dairy cows. (Sub) clinical hypocalcemia also prone the cow to an increased risk of several transition period problems. The current cross sectional study was conducted from January 2018 to May 2018 to estimate prevalence and identify associated risk factors of hypocalcaemia and other peri- and early post-partum period problems of dairy cows in North-Western Ethiopia specifically: Bahir Dar, Debretabor and Gondar.
Methods : Data of 1527 cows was collected by face to face interview from 288 dairy farmers by using a semi-structured questionnaire. Serum calcium level was measured from blood samples collected within 12-48 hours of calving from 88 cows that have given birth during the study period. Ordinary and mixed logistic regressions with random herd effect models were used to check the association between the variables.
Results : Prevalence of peri- and early post-partum reproductive problems was 80.6% (232/288) and 30.1% (459/1527) at herd and cow level, respectively. At herd level, retention of fetal membrane had the highest prevalence 41.3% followed by clinical mastitis 34.7% and milk fever 25.3%. Prevalence of the rest problems was dystocia 18.1%, clinical metritis 17% and vaginal and uterine prolapse 6.6%. At cow level, retention of fetal membrane 9.7%, clinical mastitis 8.4%, milk fever 5.6%, dystocia 4.1%, clinical metritis (4.3%) and vaginal and uterine prolapse was 1.2%. Subclinical hypocalcemia was confirmed in 26.1% (23/88) of cows. Herd size was significantly associated (p<0.05) with peri- and early post-partum problems at herd level. Milk fever, retained fetal membrane, and clinical mastitis were significantly associated (p<0.05) with milk yield and parity. Clinical metritis was significantly associated (p<0.05) with parity. Subclinical hypocalcemia was significantly associated (p<0.05) with milk yield, parity and body condition score.
Conclusion : From this study the prevalence of (sub) clinical hypocalcemia was on the lower border of the intervals reported by most studies. One or more peri- and early post-partum clinical problems were occurred from one third of dairy cows in the study areas. Factors associated with (sub) clinical hypocalcemia are associated with some of peri- and early post-partum problems.
16S rRNA gene sequencing and LC-MS-based metabolomics show that ischemic stroke is related to gut microbiota and metabolome in rats
Authors: Wu Wanfeng , Sun Yihang , Cheng Shaowu , Luo Ning , Cheng Cheng , Jiang Chengting , Nie HuiFang , Yu Qingping , Ge Jinwen 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
BackgroundIschemic stroke (IS) is a common type of stroke with high rates of morbidity, mortality, and disability. Despite accumulating evidence that the gut microbiome and metabolome are associated with human diseases, whether they contribute to the pathophysiological mechanism of IS and whether microbial communities affect metabolic phenotype and function are unclear. ResultsIn this study, we integrated 16S rRNA gene sequencing and LC-MS-based metabolomics to explore the roles and underlying mechanisms of the gut microbiome and metabolome in a rat model of IS. Microbiota composition and diversity in IS and control rats were significantly different at the phylum and genus levels. The relative abundance of the phylum Firmicutes was significantly decreased, whereas Proteobacteria and Deferribacteres were markedly increased in IS rats compared with abundance levels in controls. In addition, the metabolic profiles of IS rats were significantly different from those of control rats. We detected 308 significantly dysregulated metabolites, including 155 up-regulated and 153 down-regulated, that best distinguished the IS and control groups. Furthermore, correlation analysis revealed that dysbiosis of the gut microbiota was strongly correlated with dysregulated metabolites. Overall, our results showed that IS is characterized by significant alterations in gut microbiota composition and diversity as well as metabolic phenotype. ConclusionThese results demonstrate that dysbiosis of gut microbiota and perturbations of gut microﬂora-related metabolites are involved in the development of IS and may serve as potential biomarkers of ischemic stroke.
Evaluation of the effective parameters on energy losses of rectangular and circular culverts via kernel-based approaches
Authors: Roushangar Kiyoumars , Matin Ghazaleh Nasssaji , Ghasempour Roghayeh , Saghebian Seyed Mahdi 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Energy dissipation in culverts is a complex phenomenon due to the nonlinearity and uncertainties of the process. In the current study, the capability of Gaussian process regression (GPR) and support vector machine (SVM) as kernel-based approaches and the gene expression programming (GEP) method was assessed in predicting energy losses in culverts. Two types of bend loss in rectangular culverts and entrance loss in circular culverts with different inlet end treatments were considered. Various input combinations were developed and tested using experimental data. The OAT (one-at-a-time), factorial sensitivity analysis and Monte Carlo uncertainty analysis were used to select the effective parameters in modeling. The results of performance criteria proved the capability of the applied methods (i.e. high correlation coefficient (R) and determination coefficient (DC) and low root mean square error (RSME)). For rectangular culverts, the model with parameters Fr (Froude number) and θ (bend angle), and for circular culverts, the model with parameters Fr and Hw/D (depth ratio), were the superior models. It showed that using the bend downstream Froude number caused an increment in model efficiency. Among the four end inlet treatments, mitered flush to 1.5:1 fill slope inlet yielded more accurate prediction. The sensitivity and uncertainty analysis showed that θ and Hw/D had the most significant impact on modeling, and Fr had the highest uncertainty.
Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of Resveratrol and Oxyresveratrol by Liquid Chromatography
Authors: Khambadkar Rajeshree , Ravindran Selvan , Chahar Digamber Singh , Utekar Srushti , Tambe Amlesh 
Published: October 2019

Introduction:
Resveratrol and its monooxygenated metabolite oxyresveratrol
were the subject matter of intense research due to their medicinal value. Absorption, distribution,
metabolism and excretion are important to understand the bioavailability and pharmacokinetic
profile of resveratrol and oxyresveratrol. Quantification of resveratrol and
oxyresveratrol is essential for both in vitro and in vivo studies.

Methods:
During in vitro drug metabolism studies, both qualitative and quantitative information
are essential to understand the metabolic profile of resveratrol and oxyresveratrol. In
the present study, a simple and stable method is outlined using high performance liquid
chromatography to quantify both resveratrol and oxyresveratrol. This method is suitable to
understand the metabolic stability, plasma stability, pharmacokinetics and toxicokinetics of
resveratrol and oxyresveratrol.

Results:
Generally, in vitro incubation studies are performed at high concentrations and in
vivo studies are carried out at both high and low concentrations, therefore high performance
liquid chromatography method is demonstrated as a suitable technique to quantify resveratrol
and oxyresveratrol.

Conclusion:
Retention time of resveratrol and oxyresveratrol from liquid chromatography
qualitatively confirm its identity.
The usage of geographic information systems for operational epidemiological analysis of influenza incidence in the territory of Rostov-on-Don including mass events
Authors: Slis’ S. S. , Kovalev E. V. , Nenadskaya S. A. , Vodop’yanov A. S. , Lyalina L. V. 
Published: October 2019

Objective: the assessment of spatial distribution of influenza in the metropolis and creation of the geographic information system (hereinafter – GIS) « Influenza: Rostov-on-Don «, containing data on places of case registration.Materials and methods: statistical data on influenza cases based on primary and final reports, PCR studies were used. Geocoding of addresses was performed using the servers Nominatum and the Satellite. For development of GIS we used free software QGIS version 3.2.2. As the cartographic basis OpenStreetMap community maps were used.Results: construction of variograms («heat maps») revealed the formation of several risk areas («epidemiological spots»), the boundaries of which do not coincide with the boundaries of the administrative districts of the city.Conclusions: the analysis showed that distribution of each of the subtypes of influenza A virus in the territory of Rostov-on-Don in the 2018-2019 season has specific features. We showed that in conditions of the megalopolis the spatial analysis which was carried out without taking into account the administrative boundaries provided more accurate results in comparison with traditional zoning.
La investigación social proceso de seguimiento continuo
Authors: Torres-Flórez Dagoberto 
Published: October 2019

Hablando de investigación como algo reflexivo, sistemático, controlado y crítico, hace que quien se involucra en estas tareas lo haga en forma planeada y organizada, por ello definido el problema, se investiga y se lleva a una respuesta que permita solucionar el problema, sin embargo, todo esto lo podemos desarrollar con las palabras pregunta a ejemplo: el qué (tema o cuestión), para que (objetivo), por qué (problema), dónde (área), cuándo (cronograma), quienes (equipo de trabajo), con qué (financiación).
Al iniciar, es la formulación del problema la que nos va a marcar la ruta, que permitirá planear la investigación para que nos lleve a un resultado óptimo, por ello es importante formularlo en un enunciado que responda de manera clara, precisa y concreta el qué y para qué. En esta planeación delimitar el tema y campo de investigación ayuda a que se comprenda el alcance tanto en posibles resultados, como magnitud del tiempo necesario para su ejecución.
Estudio de las profesiones desde el enfoque de la disciplina en la administración de empresas en el proyecto Tuning en América Latina
Authors: Juarez Fonseca Veronica , Pérez Paredes Alfredo 
Published: October 2019

El estudio de las profesiones ha pasado por varios momentos históricos, desde conceptuales hasta academicistas y con enfoques diversos, desde un análisis social crítico, al capitalista y actualmente a un estado de conocimiento que escasamente ha sido trabajado en México, pero que ha servido de base para la vía del currículo en la Educación Superior como un puente entre la profesión y el egresado a partir de las características que emanan de ésta; así desde el desde el enfoque en el área económico administrativa es que versa esta investigación. Aludiendo a la profesión Agüero Aguirre, (2003) establece características de un contexto que determina el entorno nacional e internacional de las demandas del administrador, para conducirlo a la vía del currículo.
Carta de la Federación Médica Ecuatoriana
Authors: Carrasco Santiago 
Published: October 2019

Quito, 7 de octubre de 2019
La Federación Médica Ecuatoriana desde su institucionalización presentó el interés gremial de mantener un medio de difusión del quehacer científico de los médicos del país.
Es por este motivo, que vio la luz la revista científica EUGENIO ESPEJO, con el apoyo de todos los colegios médicos provinciales, y el aporte de varios colegas, que tuvieron la oportunidad de ver su producción científica médica impresa en un documento del más alto nivel técnico.
Los Editores, los hoy responsables de la continuidad de este registro del arte y ciencia de nuestra profesión, han hecho un esfuerzo extraordinario para la estructuración e indexación, dándole el rigor que la ciencia exige, en estos momentos de la historia de la medicina nacional, y de la comunidad internacional, relacionada con los avances y actualización de la información que el médico requiere para su practica diaria, en beneficio de una atención de calidad para nuestros pacientes.
Esperamos entonces que esta revista aporte a la comunidad médica difundiendo nuestra experticia en este arte y ciencia, que tanto en el Ecuador como en Latinoamérica los colegas producen; y que el conjunto de galenos a los que este documento llegará sea de su interés y ayuda para la toma de decisiones basados en una evidencia científica del más alto nivel.
Dr. Santiago Carrasco D.
VICEPRESIDENTE DE LA FME.
HUBUNGAN POLA ASUH IBU BEKERJA DENGAN PERKEMBANGAN SOSIAL ANAK USIA PRASEKOLAH
Authors: Irawan Rifki , Verawati Metti , Putri Dianita Rifqia 
Published: October 2019

Setiap anak adalah individu yang unik, karena faktor bawaan dan lingkungan yang berbeda. Maka pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anak juga berbeda. Perkembangan sosial anak dapat dipengaruhi oleh pola asuh orang tua yaitu ibu. Dalam mengasuh anak ibu cenderung menggunakan pola asuh tertentu. Penggunaan pola asuh ini memberikan dampak perkembangan terhadap bentuk-bentuk perilaku tertentu pada anak. Banyak anak usia prasekolah menunjukkan perilaku sosial yang kurang kondusif dan pelayanan bimbingan perkembangan perilaku sosial anak yang belum sistematik dan terarah. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan pola asuh ibu bekerja dengan perkembangan sosial anak usia prasekolah di TK Muslimat NU 001 Ponorogo.Penelitian kuantitatif, dengan menggunakan jenis rancangan korelasi yang mengkaji dan mengetahui hubungan antara variabel dengan menggunakan pendekatan cross sectional, dengan jumlah r0esponden 67 orang. Hubungan pola asuh ibu bekerja dengan perkembangan sosial anak usia prasekolah di TK Muslimat NU 001 Ponorogo dianalisis dengan menggunakan Fisher’s Exact.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada hubungan yang signifikan antara pola asuh ibu bekerja dengan perkembangan sosial anak usia prasekolah dengan p value = 0,000 dan contingency coefficient = 0,562.Penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa pola asuh ibu bekerja menentukan perkembangan sosial anak usia prasekolah. Disarankan kepada ibu bekerja untuk menerapkan pola asuh demokratis sebagai salah satu upaya untuk mendukung proses perkembangan anak yang optimal.
SS-Coprime Modules
Authors: Hadi Inaam Mohaamed ali 
Published: October 2019

Let R be a commutative ring with unity and M is a unitary left R-module . In this paper , we introduce the notion of strongly S-coprime modules, where M is called strongly S-coprime briefly (SS-Coprime) if for each r R , r2M is small in M implies rM=0 . We investigate many properties about this concept. Moreover many relations between it and other related concepts, are given. Â Â Â
A new species of Linaria sect. Supinae from Sierra de Gredos (Sistema Central mountains, Iberian Peninsula)
Authors: Luceño Modesto , Fernández-Mazuecos Mario , Vargas Pablo 
Published: October 2019

AbstractUna especie nueva de Linaria sect. Supinae en la Sierra de Gredos (Sistema Central, Península Ibérica)Linaria vettonica Luceño, Mazuecos & P. Vargas, a new species of Linaria sect. Supinae, is described. It is a narrow endemic inhabiting the southern hills of the western and central massifs of Sierra de Gredos (Sistema Central mountains, Iberian Peninsula). The five populations found occur on siliceous, sandy soils of Quercus pyrenaica woodland clearings and slopes. L. vettonica can be distinguished from Linaria caesia by the densely glandular-pubescent inflorescence, dark purple corolla and brown seeds with tuberculate disc, and from L. aeruginea by its erect fertile stems and dark purple -never blackishcorolla.Key words: Linaria, Sierra de Gredos, narrow endemic, taxonomy, seed micromorphology. ResumenSe describe Linaria vettonica Luceño, Mazuecos & P. Vargas, una nueva especie de Linaria sect. Supinae. Se trata de un endemismo restringido que se distribuye por las vertientes meridionales de los macizos occidental y central de la Sierra de Gredos (Sistema Central, Península Ibérica). Las cinco poblaciones encontradas aparecieron sobre suelos arenosos silíceos en claros y laderas de bosques de Quercus pyrenaica. L. vettonica se distingue de L. caesia por sus inflorescencias densamente glandular-pubescentes, corolas de color púrpura oscuro y semillas marrones con disco ornamentado con numerosos tubérculos. De L. aeruginea se distingue por sus tallos fértiles erectos y sus flores de color púrpura oscuro, nunca negruzcas.Palabras clave: Linaria, sierra de Gredos, endemismo restringido, taxonomía, micromorfología de semillas.
Genetics and inflammatory profile in tobacco dependence
Authors: Eugenia Budin Corina , Rajnoveanu Ruxandra , Bordea Ioana Roxana , Marginean Corina , Domokos Bianca , Dantes Elena , Adina Todea Doina 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The state of health of the population is determined by a set of factors belonging to human biology, environment, behaviors, and the health system (preventive, curative, and rehabilitative). Any of these factors can alter both individual and community health.
The primary reason for tobacco dependence is nicotine addiction. Dopamine is released from the neurons located in the mesolimbic system. Nicotine stimulates the release of dopamine from these receptors. The genetic determination of nicotine dependence is determined by the subtypes of nicotine acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) and conditioned by chromosome mutations at chromosomes 15q25.1, 8p11.21 or 20q13.12-q13.32.
Low-amplitude systemic inflammation is demonstrated in all smokers and is confirmed by elevated levels of C-reactive protein, fibrinogen, Interleukin-6, and increased leukocyte levels. Moreover, coagulation and endothelial function markers such as hematocrit, plasma or blood viscosity, D-dimers, circulating adhesion molecules, tissue plasminogen activator, have also modified values in smokers.
Critical state constitutive models and shear loading of overconsolidated clays with deviatoric hardening
Authors: Rachdi Sara , Jahangir Emad , Tijani Michel , Serratrice Jean-François 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
This paper presents an enhanced constitutive model integrating deviatoric hardening with a modified yield surface for overconsolidated clayey soils in a general framework of Cam-clay type models. Its performance was assessed with the simulation of drained and undrained triaxial tests on three clays at different consolidation states in comparison to two critical state models. The proposed model satisfactorily estimates the shear resistance, while capturing the smooth nonlinearity of the soil response.
Shear triaxial tests at constant mean pressure were performed on an overconsolidated marl to study the shear response. Their simulation attests the importance of deviatoric hardening integration.
Makna Simbolik Komunikasi Antarbudaya pada Perayaan Grebeg Sudiro di Kota Solo
Authors: Gama Betty , Kusumawati Henny Sri 
Published: October 2019

Grebeg Sudiro merupakan salah satu perayaan budaya di Indonesia yang menunjukkan keharmonisan antara suku Jawa dan masyarakat Tionghoa yang bertempat tinggal di wilayah Solo khususnya di Kampung Sudiroprajan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui makna simbolik perayaan Grebeg dan Sudiro pada Tahun Baru Imlek di Solo, proses terbentuknya Grebeg Sudiro sebagai salah satu bentuk komunikasi antarbudaya antara penduduk pribumi dengan etnis Tionghoa, dan implikasi Grebeg Sudiro terhadap perkembangan kebudayaan Tionghoa serta perkembangan pariwisata di kota Solo. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologis. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara, observasi dan analisis dokumen. Validitas data menggunakan trianggulasi data dan metode. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Grebeg Sudiro merupakan rangkaian acara kegiatan di Kampung Sudiroprajan untuk menyelaraskan keberagaman dalam menciptakan harmonisasi antara warga Jawa dan Tionghoa. Kolaburasi perayaan Grebeg Sudiro dan Tahun Baru Imlek merupakan pertunjukan yang layak ditonton. Lampu-lampu lampion di kawasan Pasar Gede bagi masyarakat Solo dianggap hanya sebagai hiburan untuk dinikmati
Patrón de citoquinas en niños con dengue hemorrágico en Neiva, Colombia
Authors: Salgado Doris M. , Garzón Marisol , Vega Rocío , Panqueba Cesar , Narváez Carlos F. , Rodríguez Jairo Antonio 
Published: October 2019

Las citoquinas juegan un papel crítico en la patogénesis de la fiebre dengue hemorrágico (FDH) y han sido usadas como marcadores de severidad. En este estudio se midieron los niveles de cinco citoquinas en niños infectados con dengue y se correlacionaron con el choque y las formas complicadas tales como miocarditis, hepatitis o sangrado. Método: 30 pacientes que cumplían los criterios de la OMS para FDH fueron incluidos y clasificados en dos grupos: grupo 1, sin choque (grado I y II) y grupo 2, con choque (grado III y IV). Niveles séricos de TNFá, IL-6, IL-10. IL-4 e IFN ã fueron medidos por ELISA en el primer día de la defervescencia y comparados con los respectivos niveles de 28 niños sanos. Resultados: de los 30 pacientes, 9 fueron clasificados en el grupo número 1 (media de edad de 67 meses) y 21 en el grupo 2 (media de la edad 42 meses). Diferencias estadísticamente significativas fueron encontradas entre niños infectados con dengue y controles sanos: sanos IL-6 (5,2 pg/ml), grupo 1 (485 pg/ml) (p = 0,002) y grupo 2 (190 pg/ml) (p = 0,001); TNFá, grupo control (70 pg/ml), grupo 1 (586,7 pg/ml) (p = 0,021) y grupo 2 (320,7 pg/ml) (p < 0,001) y para IFNã, grupo control (12,3 pg/ml), grupo 2 (27,5 pg/ml) (p = 0,019). Sin embargo, no se encontró correlación entre las citoquinas y el choque o las otras formas evaluadas. IL-4 e IL-10 no fueron diferentes en ninguno de los grupos analizados. Conclusión: IL-6, TNFá e IFNã están elevadas en niños con FDH, pero no hubo correlación con las formas severas de choque.