bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sub-threshold Binary Neutron Star Search in Advanced LIGO’s First Observing Run
Authors: Magee Ryan , Fong Heather , Caudill Sarah , Messick Cody , Cannon Kipp , Godwin Patrick , Hanna Chad , Kapadia Shasvath , Meacher Duncan , Mohite Siddharth R. , Mukherjee Debnandini , Pace Alexander , Sachdev Surabhi , Shikauchi Minori , Singer Leo 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
We present a search for gravitational waves from double neutron star binaries inspirals in Advanced Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory’s (LIGO’s) first observing run. The search considers a narrow range of binary chirp masses motivated by the population of known double neutron-star binaries in the nearby universe. This search differs from previously published results by providing the most sensitive published survey of neutron stars in Advanced LIGO’s first observing run within this narrow mass range, and also including times when only one of the two LIGO detectors was in operation in the analysis. The search was sensitive to binary neutron star (BNS) inspirals to an average distance of ∼85 Mpc over 93.2 days. We do not identify any unambiguous gravitational wave signals in our sample of 103 sub-threshold candidates with false-alarm rates of less than one per day. However, given the expected BNS merger rate of

, we expect

gravitational-wave events within our candidate list. This suggests the possibility that one or more of these candidates is in fact a BNS merger. Although the contamination fraction in our candidate list is ∼99%, it might be possible to correlate these events with other messengers to identify a potential multi-messenger signal. We provide an online candidate list with the times and sky locations for all events in order to enable multi-messenger searches.
miRNA-26b Downregulation in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells of Patients with Hepatitis C Associated Lymphomas is Restored by Successful Interferon-Free Antiviral Therapy
Authors: Peveling-Oberhag Jan , Bankov Katrin , Dultz Georg , Ballo Olivier , Lohmeyer Julian , Brunnberg Uta , Marcu Vasile , Walter Dirk , Zeuzem Stefan , Hansmann Martin-Leo , Welzel Tania M , Vermehren Johannes 
Published: June 2019

Background Patients with chronic HCV infection are at increased risk of developing B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (B-NHL). Regression of HCV-associated B-NHL (HCV-NHL) can be achieved through HCV eradication using interferon (IFN). However, only about two-thirds of patients with sustained virological response (SVR) also had a consecutive lymphoma response. miRNA-26b is associated with HCV-NHL response to antiviral therapy. Recent data suggest that IFN-free direct-acting antiviral (DAA) regimens also have anti-lymphoma activity in this patient population. Methods We report four patients with HCV-NHL who were treated with different IFN-free DAA regimens as oncological monotherapy in our centre between 2015 and 2016. We analysed the virological and lymphoproliferative disease response. Moreover, we analysed miRNA-26b expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells at different time points during antiviral therapy for all included patients as well as for a total of 10 controls with ( n=5) and without ( n=5) chronic HCV infection. Results All patients had marginal zone lymphoma subtype and received different DAA regimens for 12–24 weeks. All four patients achieved SVR, but only three patients also had lymphoma response (one complete response, two partial responses). One patient showed progression to a high-grade lymphoma subtype after SVR. miRNA-26b expression was generally decreased in patients with HCV-NHL. Moreover, miRNA-26b expression was restored in those HCV-NHL patients with lymphoma response after 6 months ( P=0.009). Conclusions We have demonstrated that IFN-free DAA treatment of HCV can improve or even cure NHL. miRNA-26b-levels could be a potentially useful biomarker to predict lymphoma response in HCV-NHL patients.
Protease-Activated Receptor 2 Agonist as Adjuvant: Augmenting Development of Protective Memory CD8 T Cell Responses Induced by Influenza Virosomes
Authors: Zhou Gang , Hollenberg Morley D. , Vliagoftis Harissios , Kane Kevin P. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Protease-activated receptor 2 (PAR-2) is expressed in various tissues, including lung, and when activated, promotes inflammation, differentiation, and migration of dendritic cells. We found that combining influenza virosomes containing hemagglutinin and neuraminidase with a PAR-2 agonist peptide (PAR-2AP) in an intranasal prime boost approach increased survival of mice challenged weeks later with lethal influenza virus over that by virosome or PAR-2AP prime boost alone. No weight loss occurred from influenza challenge after virosome-plus–PAR-2AP prime boost compared with either virosomes or PAR-2AP alone. Thus, virosomes plus PAR-2AP prevented morbidity as well as mortality. Through adoptive transfer, CD8+ lung T cells but not CD4+ T cells from virosomes plus PAR-2AP–primed mice protected from lethal influenza virus challenge and enhanced survival with less weight loss and faster recovery. Virosome-plus–PAR-2AP prime boost resulted in greater percentages of T effector memory phenotype cells (Tem) in lung, and higher frequencies of CD8 Tem and T central memory cells displayed effector functions in response to virus challenge in vivo. Virosome-plus–PAR-2AP prime boost also resulted in greater percentages of Ag-specific CD8+ T cells, both Tem and T central memory cells, in lungs of animals subsequently challenged with live influenza virus. Our findings indicate that PAR-2AP, a short peptide, may be a new and useful mucosal adjuvant.
Cytokine Diversity in Human Peripheral Blood Eosinophils: Profound Variability of IL-16
Authors: Ma Michelle , Percopo Caroline M. , Sturdevant Daniel E. , Sek Albert C. , Komarow Hirsh D. , Rosenberg Helene F. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Eosinophilic leukocytes develop in the bone marrow and migrate from peripheral blood to tissues, where they maintain homeostasis and promote dysfunction via release of preformed immunomodulatory mediators. In this study, we explore human eosinophil heterogeneity with a specific focus on naturally occurring variations in cytokine content. We found that human eosinophil-associated cytokines varied on a continuum from minimally (coefficient of variation [CV] ≤ 50%) to moderately variable (50% &lt; CV ≤ 90%). Within the moderately variable group, we detected immunoreactive IL-27 (953 ± 504 pg/mg lysate), a mediator not previously associated with human eosinophils. However, our major finding was the distinct and profound variability of eosinophil-associated IL-16 (CV = 103%). Interestingly, eosinophil IL-16 content correlated directly with body mass index (R2 = 0.60, ***p &lt; 0.0001) in one donor subset. We found no direct correlation between eosinophil IL-16 content and donor age, sex, total leukocytes, lymphocytes, or eosinophils (cells per microliter), nor was there any relationship between IL-16 content and the characterized −295T/C IL-16 promoter polymorphism. Likewise, although eosinophil IL-1β, IL-1α, and IL-6 levels correlated with one another, there was no direct association between any of these cytokines and eosinophil IL-16 content. Finally, a moderate increase in total dietary fat resulted in a 2.7-fold reduction in eosinophil IL-16 content among C57BL/6-IL5tg mice. Overall, these results suggest that relationships between energy metabolism, eosinophils, and IL-16 content are not direct or straightforward. Nonetheless, given our current understanding of the connections between asthma and obesity, these findings suggest important eosinophil-focused directions for further exploration.
A Novel Animal Model of Emphysema Induced by Anti-Elastin Autoimmunity
Authors: Gu Bon-Hee , Sprouse Maran L. , Madison Matthew C. , Hong Monica J. , Yuan Xiaoyi , Tung Hui-Ying , Landers Cameron T. , Song Li-Zhen , Corry David B. , Bettini Maria , Kheradmand Farrah 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Loss of immune tolerance to self-antigens can promote chronic inflammation and disrupt the normal function of multiple organs, including the lungs. Degradation of elastin, a highly insoluble protein and a significant component of the lung structural matrix, generates proinflammatory molecules. Elastin fragments (EFs) have been detected in the serum of smokers with emphysema, and elastin-specific T cells have also been detected in the peripheral blood of smokers with emphysema. However, an animal model that could recapitulate T cell–specific autoimmune responses by initiating and sustaining inflammation in the lungs is lacking. In this study, we report an animal model of autoimmune emphysema mediated by the loss of tolerance to elastin. Mice immunized with a combination of human EFs plus rat EFs but not mouse EFs showed increased infiltration of innate and adaptive immune cells to the lungs and developed emphysema. We cloned and expanded mouse elastin-specific CD4+ T cells from the lung and spleen of immunized mice. Finally, we identified TCR sequences from the autoreactive T cell clones, suggesting possible pathogenic TCRs that can cause loss of immune tolerance against elastin. This new autoimmune model of emphysema provides a useful tool to examine the immunological factors that promote loss of immune tolerance to self.
Participation restrictions and vocational rehabilitation needs experienced by persons with a unilateral lower limb amputation in the Western Cape, South Africa
Authors: Yu Tak Wing , Ennion Liezel 
Published: June 2019

Background: Vocational rehabilitation (VR) aims to rehabilitate a person with an amputation back into actively participating in society. Even though lower limb amputation (LLA) surgery is commonly performed in South Africa (SA), little research has been published on the participation restrictions experienced by and vocational needs of persons with LLA in the Western Cape (WC).Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine and explore the participation restrictions and VR needs of persons with a unilateral LLA in the WC.Method: A mixed-methods approach and a sequential exploratory design were utilised to collect data from 50 persons with an LLA. Participants were conveniently sampled within the Cape Metropole region of the WC, SA. The World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0 (WHODAS 2.0) tool was used to collect the quantitative data, and telephonic interviews were conducted for qualitative data collection.Results: A third (28%) of participants in this study were unemployed, and only 14% (n = 7) of the participants owned or used a prosthesis. In addition, 50% of the participants either had a disability grant or were on pension. The participation restrictions identified were mainly related to mobility where 74% (n = 37) of participants had extreme difficulty with mobility in general, 92% (n = 46) struggled with walking distances longer than 1 km and 80% (n = 40) had extreme difficulty in completing household tasks quickly. The main VR needs identified in this study were the inadequate rehabilitation services that target ambulation (standing and walking) to facilitate employment.Conclusion: Persons with a unilateral LLA still experience significant difficulties in mobility 3 months post-amputation, which negatively affects their participation in society and vocational activities.
Nuclear magnetic resonance on $LaFeAsO_{0.4}H_{0.6}$ at 3.7 GPa
Authors: Fujiwara N. , Takeuchi M. , Kuwayama T. , Nakagawa S. , Iimura S. , Matsuishi S. , Hosono H. 
Published: June 2019

A prototypical electron-doped iron-based superconductor $LaFeAsO_{1-x}H_x$ undergoes an antiferromagnetic (AF) phase for $x \geq 0.49$. We performed NMR measurements on $LaFeAsO_{0.4}H_{0.6}$ at 3.7 GPa to investigate the magnetic properties in the vicinity of a pressure-induced QCP. The linewidth of $~^1H$-NMR spectra broadens at low temperatures below 30 K, suggesting that the ordered spin moments remain at 3.7 GPa. The coexistence of gapped and gapless spin excitations was confirmed in the ordered state from the relaxation time $T_1$ of $~^{75}As$. The pressure-induced QCP is estimated to be 4.1 GPa from the pressure dependence of the gapped excitation.

Edited by: A. Goñi, A. Cantarero, J. S. Reparaz
Convergence of a two-parameter family of conjugate gradient methods with a fixed formula of stepsize
Authors: Khelifa Bouaziz , Yamina Laskri 
Published: June 2019

We prove the global convergence of a two-parameter family of conjugate gradient methods that use a new and different formula of stepsize from Wu \cite% {14}. Numerical results are presented to confirm the effectiveness of the proposed stepsizes by comparing with the stepsizes suggested by Sun and his colleagues \cite% {2, 12}.\\
Producción de tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L.) en la etapa de engorde con dos estrategias de alimentación
Authors: Paz Patricio E , Martinez Turcios Alejandra Danelia , Chávez Chávez José Ignacio 
Published: June 2019

La tilapia gris (Oreochromis niloticus L.) es una excelente opción para la producción acuícola debido a su resistencia a condiciones adversas, enfermedades y sus hábitos alimenticios. Se evaluaron dos estrategias de alimentación durante la etapa de engorde, la cual finaliza al alcanzar un peso ideal de 1,085 g a la cosecha. Las estrategias de alimentación fueron ad libitum y alimentación al 90 % del ad libitum. El ensayo se realizó en AquaFinca Saint Peter Fish, Cortés, Honduras. Las variables medidas fueron: índice de conversión alimenticia (ICA), índice de alimentación (IA), días a cosecha (Decos) y ganancia de peso diario (GDP). Las unidades experimentales fueron doce jaulas flotantes, seis jaulas ad libitum y seis jaulas con el 90 % del ad libitum; cada jaula tenía un volumen de 1,380 m3 con una capacidad de 50,000 peces. El análisis estadístico se realizó por medio de una prueba t (P ≤0.05). La alimentación ad libitum y al 90 % del ad libitum no presentaron diferencias en ICA (1.88 y 1.82 respectivamente), tampoco se presentaron diferencias en GDP con 6.39 g ad libitum y 6.16 g con 90 % del ad libitum. El tratamiento ad libitum presentó un IA de 3.19 y el 90 % del ad libitum de 3.06; Decos fueron 157 y 165 respectivamente. El tratamiento al 90 % del ad libitum, además de representar un ahorro en alimento no tuvo efecto sobre el ICA, pero si se retrasó ocho días para llegar al peso ideal de cosecha con una diferencia de 26,270 kg de alimento entre ambos tratamientos.
Os pronunciamentos da presidente Dilma Rousseff (PT) no Dia do Trabalhador nos anos de 2014 e 2015: memórias e silenciamentos no processo de construção de imagem
Authors: Oliveira Luiz Ademir de , Mira Gustavo Fernandes Paravizo , Leal Paulo Roberto Figueira 
Published: June 2019

O artigo discute a relação entre capital político e visibilidade midiática a partir da análise das estratégias de comunicação da ex-presidente Dilma Rousseff (PT) em seus pronunciamentos no Dia do Trabalhador. Foram tomados como recortes o discurso feito em 2014 em Cadeia Nacional de Rádio e Televisão (CNRT) e os pronunciamentos de 2015 postados nas redes sociais. Em função da baixa popularidade da petista neste segundo momento, a fala foi veiculada apenas na internet, evitando a superexposição na mídia massiva. Com isso, o governo pretendia evitar uma possível onda de manifestações similares às ocorridas no pronunciamento em CNRT no Dia Internacional da Mulher, no dia 8 de março de 2015, quando ocorreram os primeiros “panelaços”. Com base na Análise de Discurso francesa, busca-se compreender, em perspectiva comparativa, os mecanismos discursivos que emergiram nas falas da presidente nos dois momentos.
In vitro performance in cotton plants with different genetic backgrounds: the case of Gossypium hirsutum in Mexico, and its implications for germplasm conservation
Authors: Hernández-Terán Alejandra , Wegier Ana , Benítez Mariana , Lira Rafael , Sosa Fuentes Tania Gabriela , Escalante Ana E. 
Published: June 2019

One of the best ex situ conservation strategies for wild germplasm is in vitro conservation of genetic banks. The success of in vitro conservation relies heavily on the micropropagation or performance of the species of interest. In the context of global change, crop production challenges and climate change, we face a reality of intensified crop production strategies, including genetic engineering, which can negatively impact biodiversity conservation. However, the possible consequences of transgene presence for the in vitro performance of populations and its implications for biodiversity conservation are poorly documented. In this study we analyzed experimental evidence of the potential effects of transgene presence on the in vitro performance of Gossypium hirsutum L. populations, representing the Mexican genetic diversity of the species, and reflect on the implications of such presence for ex situ genetic conservation of the natural variation of the species. We followed an experimental in vitro performance approach, in which we included individuals from different wild cotton populations as well as individuals from domesticated populations, in order to differentiate the effects of domestication traits dragged into the wild germplasm pool via gene flow from the effects of transgene presence. We evaluated the in vitro performance of five traits related to plant establishment (N = 300): propagation rate, leaf production rate, height increase rate, microbial growth and root development. Then we conducted statistical tests (PERMANOVA, Wilcoxon post-hoc tests, and NMDS multivariate analyses) to evaluate the differences in the in vitro performance of the studied populations. Although direct causality of the transgenes to observed phenotypes requires strict control of genotypes, the overall results suggest detrimental consequences for the in vitro culture performance of wild cotton populations in the presence of transgenes. This provides experimental, statistically sound evidence to support the implementation of transgene screening of plants to reduce time and economic costs in in vitro establishment, thus contributing to the overarching goal of germplasm conservation for future adaptation.
Stoichiometric ratios support plant adaption to grazing moderated by soil nutrients and root enzymes
Authors: Ma Wenjing , Li Jin , Jimoh Saheed Olaide , Zhang Yujuan , Guo Fenghui , Ding Yong , Li Xiliang , Hou Xiangyang 
Published: June 2019

Background
Vegetation succession is one of the major driving processes of grassland degradation. Stoichiometry significantly contributes to vegetation dynamics. However, a knowledge gap exists in how soil nutrients and root enzymes influence the stoichiometric ratio to affect vegetation dynamics.

Methods
To address these questions, we selected a dominant species (Leymus chinensis (Trin.) Tzvel.) and a degraded-dominant species (Artemisia frigida Willd.) under different management regimes (enclosure and grazing) on the Inner Mongolia steppe. We measured (i) plant nutrient concentrations, (ii) root enzymes and (iii) soil nutrients to investigate how the selected plant species responded to grazing.

Results
The results show that: (i) N and P concentrations and the C:N:P ratio in different organs are significantly affected by grazing, and there is variation in the plant species’ response. Grazing significantly increased N and P in the leaves and stems of L. chinensis and the stems and roots of A. frigida. (ii) Grazing significantly increased the activities of glutamine synthase but decreased the activities of acid phosphatase in L. chinensis. The nitrate reductase and acid phosphatase activities significantly increased in A. frigida under grazing conditions. (iii) Grazing decreased the total nitrogen, total phosphorus, and available nitrogen, but increased the available phosphorus in the soil.

Conclusion
We conclude that A. frigida is better adapted to grazing than L. chinensis, possibly because of its relatively increased stem and root growth, which enhance population expansion following grazing. Conversely, L. chinensis showed increased leaf and stem growth, but suffered nutrient and biomass loss as a result of excessive foraging by livestock, which severely affected its ability to colonize. Root enzymes coupled with soil nutrients can regulate plant nutrients and stoichiometric ratios as an adaptive response to grazing. Thus, we demonstrated that stoichiometric ratios allow species to better withstand grazing disturbances. This study provides a new understanding of the mechanisms involved in grazing-resistance within a plant-soil system.
Prognosis predictive value of the Oxford Acute Severity of Illness Score for sepsis: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Chen Qingui , Zhang Lishan , Ge Shanhui , He Wanmei , Zeng Mian 
Published: June 2019

Background
The Oxford Acute Severity of Illness Score (OASIS) has shown fair prognosis predictive value in critically ill patients, but its predictive value has not been assessed in septic patients.

Objective
The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of the OASIS for the assessment of mortality in septic patients, especially when compared with the Sepsis-related Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score.

Methods
A retrospective cohort study was conducted using data from a public database and septic patients were identified using the Sepsis-3 criteria. The primary outcome was hospital mortality. Data were mainly analyzed using multivariable logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Sensitive analyses were performed in patients with an ICD-9-CM code for sepsis and ROC curves analyses were also conducted in septic patients stratified by the Simplified Acute Physiology Score (SAPS) II as subgroup analyses.

Results
A total of 10,305 septic patients were included. The OASIS was found to be significantly associated with hospital mortality (odds ratio 1.07 per one-point increase, 95% confidence interval [1.06–1.08]), while ROC curves analyses showed the discriminatory power of the OASIS for hospital mortality was statistically significantly lower than that of the SOFA score (area under the ROC curve: 0.652 vs 0.682, p < 0.001). Results of sensitive analyses were consistent, but the significant difference existed only when the SAPS II was higher than 50 according to results of the subgroup analyses.

Conclusions
The OASIS might serve as an initial predictor of clinical outcomes for septic patients, but one should be circumspect when it is applied to severer patients.
Euthanasia, Female Genital Mutilation, Children with Disabilities: A Review on Societal Issues and Their Scientific Implications
Authors: Ankeli Gabriel Odeh 
Published: June 2019

This paper reviewed some societal challenges, their causes, possible scientific solutions to them and the controversies arising from each of them. Three societal problems were identified which are; Euthanasia, Female Genital Mutilation (FGM) and Children with Disabilities (CWDs). The different types of Euthanasia were identified as the active and passive ethanasia respectively also the FGM was discussed under three main types, namely; clitoridectomy, excision, infibulation and others, while the CWDs was also discussed, the causes and challenges they go through such as discrimination and institutional and environmental challenges. In each case their causes, effects and scientific solutions were proffered.