bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Molecular Imprinting as a Tool for Exceptionally Selective Gas Separation in Nanoporous Polymers
Authors: Park Jaewoo , Jung Minji , Elashery Sally E. A. , Oh Hyunchul , Attia Nour F. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe alarming rise in atmospheric CO2 levels, primarily driven by fossil fuel combustion and industrial processes, has become a major contributor to global climate change. Effective CO2 capture technologies are urgently needed, particularly for the selective removal of CO2 from industrial gas streams, such as flue gas and biogas, which often contain impurities like N2 and CH4. In this study, we report the design and synthesis of novel molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) using 4‐vinylpyridine (4VP) and methacrylic acid (MAA) as functional monomers, and thiophene (Th) and formaldehyde (HC) as molecular templates. The MIPs were specifically engineered to create selective molecular cavities within a nanoporous polymer matrix for the efficient capture of CO2. By adjusting the molar ratios of the template to functional monomers, we optimized the molecular imprinting process to enhance CO2 selectivity over N2 and CH4. The resulting MIPs exhibited outstanding performance, with a maximum CO2/N2 selectivity of 153 at 25 bar and CO2/CH4 selectivity of 25.3 at 1 bar, significantly surpassing previously reported porous polymers and metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) under similar conditions. Furthermore, we conducted heat of adsorption studies, which revealed the strong and selective interaction of CO2 with the imprinted cavities, confirming the superior adsorption properties of the synthesized MIPs. The study demonstrates that molecular imprinting can effectively enhance both CO2 capture capacity and selectivity, providing a cost‐efficient and scalable solution for industrial CO2 separation and purification processes.
Modulating Electronic Structure of Amorphous Indium Oxide for Efficient Formate Synthesis Towards CO2 Electroreduction
Authors: Gao Yuanxiang , Yang Zhengwu , Zhao Jiankang , Kong Xiangdong , Geng Zhigang 
Published: November 2024

AbstractTuning the electronic structure of catalysts is an efficient approach to optimize the catalytic performance of CO2 electroreduction. Herein, we constructed an efficient catalyst consisting of amorphous InOX with a cotton‐like structure spreading over N doped carbon (N−C) substrate to extend the catalysts‐substrate interfaces for enhancing electron‐transfer effect. The amorphous InOX growing on N−C substrate (InOX/N−C) exhibited an improved current density of −34.4 mA cm−2. Notably, a faradaic efficiency for formate (HCOO−) over the amorphous InOX/N−C reached 79.6 % at −1.0 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode, 1.8 times as high as that (44.2 %) over the amorphous InOX growing on carbon black substrate. Mechanistic studies revealed that the introduction of N−C as substrates accelerated charge‐transfer process on the catalytic surface of InOX/N−C. Density functional theory calculations further revealed that the interactions between N−C substrate and InOX not only facilitated the potential‐determining *HCOO protonation, but also inhibited hydrogen evolution, thus improving the catalytic performance for the production of HCOO−.
Anion Coordination Chemistry: An Expedition Towards Designing of Functional Materials
Authors: Pegu Oiyao Appun , Moral Rubi , Das Gopal 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis review highlights important research on anion coordination chemistry for materials applications over the last decade. This field has numerous applications in various areas, such as the environment, industry, and medicine. Despite its enormous potential, real‐world applicability is still pending. However, there has been a new trajectory in the field recently, with rapid advancement in designing sophisticated molecular systems for various materials applications. To keep track of this dynamic advancement, we have discussed some outstanding research work with enormous potential for materials applications soon.
Synergistic Coupling Effect and Anionic Modulation of CoFe LDH@MXene for Triggered and Sustained Alkaline Water/Seawater Electrolysis
Authors: Song Shixue , Xia Minglong , Feng Yi , Zhang Xiaojie 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe application of seawater splitting is crucial for hydrogen production; therefore, efficient electrocatalysts are necessary to prevent chlorine evolution and severe corrosion. A synergistic method is employed on CoFe LDH by integrating a conductive Ti3C2Tx MXene layer and subsequently applying anionic modulation. Robust metal‐substrate interaction along with subsequent phosphidation facilitates efficient electron transfer and optimises the electronic structure of Co and Fe sites. The CoFe−P−1000@Ti3C2Tx/CC demonstrates commendable electrochemical performance, requiring overpotentials of 106.6 mV and 276 mV for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) at 10 mA cm−2 in 1 M KOH electrolyte, while 292 mV is necessary for OER in a simulated seawater electrolyte (1 M KOH+0.5 M NaCl). Furthermore, the CoFe−P−1000@Ti3C2Tx/CC exhibits an encouraging cell voltage of 1.59 V (j=10 mA cm−2) for comprehensive alkaline seawater splitting, maintaining exceptional stability for over 50 hours.
The Crucial Discovery of Thermonuclear X‐Ray Bursts: Never Throw Away Old Data!
Authors: Kuulkers Erik 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThe discovery of Type I x‐ray bursts is attributed to those seen by the Astronomical Netherlands Satellite (ANS) in September 1975 from the globular cluster NGC 6624 containing the x‐ray source 4U 1820‐303. I revisit these x‐ray bursts, by reanalyzing data from the Soft X‐ray Experiment (SXX) onboard ANS, which were stored on microfiche. Earlier accounts of x‐ray bursts had been reported; the first Type I x‐ray burst recorded is the one observed by Vela 5B from Cen X‐4 in July 1969.
How auditory processing influences the autistic profile: A review
Authors: Poulsen R. , Williams Z. , Dwyer P. , Pellicano E. , Sowman P. F. , McAlpine D. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractWe need to combine sensory data from various sources to make sense of the world around us. This sensory data helps us understand our surroundings, influencing our experiences and interactions within our everyday environments. Recent interest in sensory‐focused approaches to supporting autistic people has fixed on auditory processing—the sense of hearing and the act of listening—and its crucial role in language, communications, and social domains, as well as non‐social autism‐specific attributes, to understand better how sensory processing might differ in autistic people. In this narrative review, we synthesize published research into auditory processing in autistic people and the relationship between auditory processing and autistic attributes in a contextually novel way. The purpose is to understand the relationship between these domains more fully, drawing on evidence gleaned from experiential perspectives through to neurological investigations. We also examine the relationship between auditory processing and diagnosable auditory conditions, such as hyperacusis, misophonia, phonophobia, and intolerance to loud sounds, as well as its relation to sleep, anxiety, and sensory overload. Through reviewing experiential, behavioral and neurological literature, we demonstrate that auditory processes interact with and shape the broader autistic profile—something not previously considered. Through a better understanding of the potential impact of auditory experiences, our review aims to inform future research on investigating the relationship between auditory processing and autistic traits through quantitative measures or using qualitative experiential inquiry to examine this relationship more holistically.
Increased alpha power in autistic adults: Relation to sensory behaviors and cortical volume
Authors: Murray Scott O. , Seczon Daniela L. , Pettet Mark , Rea Hannah M. , Woodard Kristin M. , Kolodny Tamar , Webb Sara Jane 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAlpha‐band (~10 Hz) neural oscillations, crucial for gating sensory information, may offer insights into the atypical sensory experiences characteristic of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). We investigated alpha‐band EEG activity in autistic adults (n = 29) compared with a nonautistic group (n = 23) under various stimulus‐driven and resting‐state conditions. The autistic group showed consistently higher alpha amplitude across all time points. In addition, there was proportionally more suppression of alpha at stimulus onset in the autistic group, and alpha amplitude in this stimulus‐onset period correlated with sensory behaviors. Recent research suggests a link between subcortical structures' volume and cortical alpha magnitude. Prompted by this, we explored the association between alpha power and the volume of subcortical structures and total cortical volume in ASD. Our findings indicate a significant correlation with total cortical volume and a group by hippocampal volume interaction, pointing to the potential role of anatomical structural characteristics as potential modulators of cortical alpha oscillations in ASD. Overall, the results highlight altered alpha in autistic individuals as potentially contributing to the heightened sensory symptoms in autistic compared with nonautistic adults.
Multifunctional PAMAM Dendrimers Carrying SAHA, 5‐FU, and a Therapeutic Gene for Targeted Co‐Delivery Toward Colorectal Cancer Cells
Authors: Bulkurcuoğlu Bünyamin , Gürbüz Mustafa Ulvi , Tyciakova Silvia , Pavlov Kristina , Mojzesova Nikoleta , Matuskova Miroslava , Tülü Metin , Erçelen Şebnem 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTA promising approach to treat colorectal cancer (CRC) involves combining chemotherapy, epigenetics, and gene therapy to combat drug resistance. Multifunctional nanocarriers have emerged as a valuable tool for targeted CRC therapy. By delivering multiple treatments directly to cancer cells, these nanocarriers offer the potential for improved outcomes and reduced side effects. PAMAM‐based dendrimers were functionalized with a unique combination of folic acid, 5‐FU, SAHA, and plasmid DNA pCIneoGFP for targeted delivery to CRC cells. Biophysical characterizations of therapeutic loaded dendrimers and their complexes with pCIneoGFP were performed by: dynamic light scattering, fluorescence spectroscopy, and gel electrophoresis. Further, cellular analyses of dendriplexes demonstrated high transfection efficiency and anticancer activity on HCT 116 and HT‐29 cell lines. We have successfully developed a multifunctional nanocarrier platform based on PAMAM dendrimers, offering a promising tool for targeted combination therapy of CRC.
L‐Asparaginase from Lachancea Thermotolerans: Effect of Lys99Ala on Enzyme Performance and in vitro Antileukemic Efficacy
Authors: Aktar Berin Yilmazer , Aysan Arzu , Turunen Ossi , Yağci Tamer , Solğun Hüseyin Avni , Binay Barış 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTL‐asparaginases (EC 3.5.1.1) are amidohydrolase enzymes that predominantly catalyze conversion of L‐asparagine to L‐aspartic acid and ammonia. In addition, some exhibit secondary L‐glutaminase activity. Escherichia coli and Erwinia chrysanthemi L‐asparaginases are widely used in the pharmaceutical industry to produce therapeutically important compounds. In the therapeutic use of enzymes, bacterial L‐asparaginases can trigger immune responses, leading to a high rate of adverse effects that diminish the effectiveness of the treatment. This situation has forced scientists to search for promising L‐asparaginases from new sources. Yeast L‐asparaginases could be useful in reducing toxicity and enhancing efficacy but they have been poorly studied to date. Here, we characterized the yeast Lachancea thermotolerans L‐asparaginase (LtASNase) purified by affinity chromatography. It has a specific activity of 313.8 U/mg and a high kcat value (312.4 s). We demonstrated through a semi‐rational design that the mutations of Lys99 show varying effects on catalytic activity, with the Lys99Ala mutant increasing specific activity 3.3‐fold. Furthermore, the in vitro antileukemic activity of the non‐formulated form of Lys99Ala LtASNase was evaluated against SUP‐B15 and REH cell lines. The results demonstrated that LtASNase exhibits significant antileukemic potential, comparable to commercial type II bacterial enzymes. The understanding of the mutant L‐asparaginases examined in this study will significantly contribute to the development of new and more effective yeast‐derived asparaginases.
Nurse‐Led Screening‐Triggered Early Specialized Palliative Care Program for Patients With Advanced Lung Cancer: A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Matsumoto Yoshihisa , Umemura Shigeki , Okizaki Ayumi , Fujisawa Daisuke , Yamaguchi Takuhiro , Oyamada Shunsuke , Miyaji Tempei , Mashiko Tomoe , Kobayashi Naoko , Satomi Eriko , Kiuchi Daisuke , Morita Tatsuya , Uchitomi Yosuke , Goto Koichi , Ohe Yuichiro 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundWe aimed to examine the effectiveness of a nurse‐led, screening‐triggered early specialized palliative care intervention program for patients with advanced lung cancer.MethodsPatients with advanced lung cancer who underwent initial chemotherapy were randomized to intervention and usual care groups between January 2017 and September 2019. The intervention comprised comprehensive needs assessments, counseling, and service coordination by advanced‐level nurses. Patients in the usual care group received the usual oncological care. The primary end point was a change in the trial outcome index (TOI) scores from baseline to 12 weeks. The secondary end‐points were TOI scores at week 20, depression, anxiety, and survival.ResultsIn total, 102 patients were assigned to each group. Compared with the usual care group, no significant improvement in TOI scores was observed at 12 weeks in the intervention group (mean group difference: 2.13; 90% confidence interval: −0.70, 4.95; p = 0.107, one‐sided), whereas significant improvement was observed at 20 weeks (3.58; 90% confidence interval: 0.15, 7.00; p = 0.043). There were no significant differences in the change from baseline depression and anxiety between the groups from baseline at week 12 and 20 weeks (depression: p = 0.60 and 0.10, anxiety: p = 0.78 and 0.067). Survival did not significantly differ between the groups (median survival time: 12.1 vs. 11.1 months; p = 0.302).ConclusionsNurse‐led, screening‐triggered, early specialized palliative care did not show significant superiority over usual care during the 12‐week study period. However, it may have yielded delayed clinical benefits, such as improved quality of life and this feasible model can be acceptable in clinical practice.Trial Registration: The University Hospital Medical Information Network Clinical Trials Registry: UMIN000025491
Long‐Term Outcomes of Neoadjuvant Therapy Versus Upfront Surgery for Resectable Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Shin Kyung In , Yoon Min Sung , Kim Jee Hoon , Jang Won Joon , Leem Galam , Jo Jung Hyun , Chung Moon Jae , Park Jeong Youp , Park Seung Woo , Hwang Ho Kyoung , Kang Chang Moo , Kim Seung‐seob , Park Mi‐Suk , Lee Hee Seung , Bang Seungmin 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionThis study aimed to compare the long‐term effects of neoadjuvant therapy and upfront surgery on overall survival (OS) and progression‐free survival (PFS) in patients with resectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC).MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed 202 patients, including 167 who had upfront surgery and 35 who received neoadjuvant therapy followed by surgery. Surgical outcomes and survival rates were compared using propensity score matching to minimize selection bias.ResultsNeoadjuvant therapy showed significantly longer 75% OS (72.7 months vs. 28.3 months, p = 0.032) and PFS (29.6 months vs. 13.2 months, p < 0.001) compared to upfront surgery. Additionally, neoadjuvant therapy demonstrated significant improvements in surgical outcomes, including higher R0 resection rates (74.3% vs. 49.5%, p = 0.034), reduced tumor size (22.0 mm vs. 28.0 mm, p = 0.001), and decreased lymphovascular invasion (20.0% vs. 52.4%, p = 0.001).ConclusionOur study demonstrates the potential benefits of neoadjuvant therapy for resectable PDAC. The improved survival rates, delayed disease progression, and enhanced surgical outcomes underscore the potential of neoadjuvant therapy in addressing this aggressive disease. Despite limitations such as the retrospective design and small sample size, these findings support the effectiveness of neoadjuvant therapy in improving treatment outcomes for PDAC patients in real‐world settings. Further prospective studies are required to validate these results.
An analysis of child safeguarding cases managed by National Governing Bodies of sport across England and Wales
Authors: Rhind Daniel , Booth Robert , Ade Rachel , Slinn Nick , Towesland Jude , Garrod Olivia 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis study responded to a recommendation in the independent Duty of Care Report that called for standardised data to be collected and analysed regarding safeguarding cases in sport. A standardised case data tool was developed and piloted before being adopted by National Governing Bodies across England and Wales. An analysis of the first 4 years of data shows that a total of 3129 cases were managed. Overall, 54% of cases concerned behaviour outside of the context of sport. This demonstrates that sport plays an important role in the broader child protection system. In the remaining 46% of cases, the safeguarding concern was related to behaviour in the context of sport. The most commonly reported forms of concern in sport were physical abuse (20%), contact sexual abuse (20%), non‐contact sexual abuse (17%) and emotional abuse (17%). The threshold for cases to be included in the analysis was that the case was judged to be sufficiently serious to involve referral to, or consultation with, the Local Authority Designated Officer (LADO), Children's Services or the Police. There are clearly many cases that did not meet this threshold or were never reported, and hence, these data provide an indication of the safeguarding issues related to sport. The need to expand the tool to collect lower level concerns as well as to include safeguarding concerns regarding adults is advocated.
The intersection of child protection and healthcare: Paediatric social admissions
Authors: Stapleton Leanne 
Published: November 2024

AbstractObjectivesIn the context of a national shortage of specialist placements for children with complex needs in Ireland, this study examines the impact of healthcare professionals' management of paediatric social admissions (PSAs) in paediatric hospital settings, with particular attention to the child protection and welfare challenges encountered.Design and ParticipantsA qualitative research design was utilised, employing semistructured interviews with healthcare professionals as the primary data collection method.FindingsThematic analysis of the interviews identified three principal themes: the spectrum of social admissions, influences and barriers, and the moral imperative of managing PSAs. The study found that social factors significantly influence the management and decision‐making processes in paediatric cases, often resulting in prolonged hospital stays. The findings highlight complex child protection issues, including severe shortages in specialist placements and the frequent discharge of children to environments other than their homes.ConclusionsThe children involved in this study often remained in acute care settings for protracted periods, ranging from 6 months to several years. These extended stays deprived them of normal routines, education, and family life, underscoring substantial child protection concerns. This study calls for urgent systemic improvements to address these issues and ensure that the rights and well‐being of children involved with PSAs are upheld.
Design and Synthesis of Various Aryl Amide Derivatives of Imidazo[1,5‐a] Pyridine‐1,2,4‐Thiadiazoles: In Vitro Cytotoxicity Evaluation and In Silico Molecular Docking Studies
Authors: Ghanta Srikanth , Chandrasekhar Choragudi , Sravani Dasari , Tej Mandava Bhuvan , Syed Tasqeeruddin , Kapavarapu Ravi Kumar , Raju Rudraraju Ramesh 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTA new series of various aryl amide derivatives of imidazo[1,5‐a]pyridine‐1,2,4‐thiadiazoles (15a‐j) were designed, synthesized, and evaluated for their cytotoxic profiles against four human cancer cell lines such as breast cancer (MCF‐7), lung cancer (A549), colon cancer (Colo‐205), and ovarian cancer (A2780), via the MTT assay, with etoposide as the standard known chemotherapeutic agent. Five compounds, 15a, 15b, 15c, 15f, and 15j, exhibited more potent cytotoxic effects than did etoposide. Among them, compound 15a exhibited potent cytotoxic effects against the MCF‐7, A549, Colo‐205, and A2780 cell lines, with IC50 values of 0.11 ± 0.045 µM, 0.94 ± 0.047 µM, 0.39 ± 0.023 µM, and 0.77 ± 0.062 µM, respectively. Through docking simulations of human topoisomerase IIβ, it is apparent that compounds 15a, 15b, 15c, and 15f manifested exceptional binding affinities and interaction profiles, surpassing the other compounds evaluated in this in silico study.
Lipid Fatty Acid Profile of Asplenium scolopendrium Gametophytes Modulated by Light Spectral Composition
Authors: Voronkov Alexander , Ivanova Tatiana 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTWe investigated the total lipid fatty acid (FA) composition of the fern Asplenium scolopendrium gametophyte, representing 25 individual FA species, for the first time. Conjugated octadecadienoates—18:2(10,12), rarely found in plant tissues—were identified. The possibility of modulating the lipid FAs composition under the action of light of different wavelengths on in vitro cultured gametophytes was demonstrated. Thus, exposure to blue (450 nm) and red (660 nm) light resulted in only insignificant changes in the minor FAs. This stability can be attributed to the fact that these wavelengths of light are necessary for photosynthesis and therefore optimal for the fern gametophyte. Green (GL, 525 nm) and far‐red (FRL, 730 nm) light caused dramatic changes in the FA profile—the triene FAs decreased and the very‐long‐chain (VLC) FAs increased, mainly at the expense of saturated even‐VLCFAs. This resulted in a dramatic decrease in the unsaturation index, indicating a decrease in membrane fluidity under GL and FRL illumination conditions. These changes indicate a significant rearrangement of the lipid metabolism of the A. scolopendrium gametophyte at light wavelengths not directly involved in photosynthetic processes (GL and FRL), in particular by triggering β‐oxidation and blocking the plastidial pathway of FA synthesis.