bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Третья составляющая Университета Гумбольдта
Authors: К. О. Беляков 
Published: November 2024

Третья миссия Университета - как влияние университета на развитие общества, регион, создание новых смыслов и технологий - как перейти от модели - образа Третьей миссии к модели - проектной деятельности реализации третьей миссии? В статье определены тактические шаги, чтобы появилась третья составляющая университета к имеющимся двум в структуре классической немецкой схеме Университета Гумбольдта - создающая механизм реализации третьей миссии университета. Подробно описаны и структурно показаны, как и какие составляющие должны быть созданы в университете для реализации предпринимательского трека. Формирования университета как создателя высококлассных специалистов, молодых ученых, предпринимателей и управленцев
The third mission of the University - how is the influence of the university on the development of society, the region, the creation of new meanings and technologies - how to move from the model-image of the third mission to the model-project activity of the implementation of the third mission? The article defines the tactical steps for the emergence of the third component of the university to the existing two in the structure of the classical German scheme of the Humboldt University - creating a mechanism for the implementation of the third mission of the university. It is described in detail and structurally shown how and what components should be created at the university for the implementation of the entrepreneurial track. Formation of the university as a creator of highly qualified specialists, young scientists, entrepreneurs and managers
Стратегический бенчмаркинг зрелости в области трансфера технологий отечественных высших учебных заведений и научных организаций
Authors: И. В. Рождественский , А. В. Филимонов , А. С. Хворостяная 
Published: November 2024

Данная статья базируется на исследовании, проведенном Национальной ассоциацией трансфера технологий в 2021 г. и посвященном анализу рынка трансфера технологий. В статье приведены результаты анализа зрелости процессов в области трансфера технологий высших учебных заведений и научных организаций по разработанной методологии. Полученные выводы могут быть использованы отечественными высшими учебными заведениями и научными организациями для понимания своих конкурентных преимуществ
This article is based on a study conducted by the National Association of Technology Transfer in 2021, dedicated to the analysis of the technology transfer market. The article presents the results of the analysis of the maturity processes in the technology transfer field of higher educational institutions and scientific organizations according to the developed methodology. The obtained conclusions can be used by domestic higher educational institutions and scientific organizations to understand their competitive advantages
Пути снижения рисков венчурного инвестирования
Authors: С. А. Красильников , А. С. Красильников 
Published: November 2024

Рассматриваются методы снижения рисков венчурного инвестирования, включающие снижение рисков как на этапе отбора проектов, так и на этапе их финансирования. Особое внимание уделяется механизму инвестиций в скейлапы (scaleups) - быстрорастущие технологические компании, уже продемонстрировавшие возможности быстрого роста выручки. Предлагаемая методика позволяет оптимизировать количество учитываемых критериев отбора проектов при одновременном снижении рисков их финансирования
Methods of reducing venture funding risks both at the projects selection stage and financing stage are considered. Special attention is paid to the mechanism of investing into scaleups - fast growing technological companies, which have already shown capabilities for quick growth of revenue. The authors propose framework, which allows to optimize the number of criteria employed for projects selection with simultaneous reduction of their funding risks
Optimalisasi Preventive Maintenance Ground Power Unit pada Perawatan Pesawat Udara di PT. IAA AMO Menggunakan Metode FMEA
Authors: Kurniawan Sandi , Apriliana Sari Wulandari Indah , Sukmono Tedjo 
Published: November 2024

High operational costs and downtime risks can affect industry efficiency making equipment maintenance optimization an urgent need. PT. IAA AMO, as a manufacturing industry in the field of aircraft maintenance, faces significant challenges with the low reliability of Ground Power Unit (GPU) engines which only reaches 86%. This has led to an increase in the company's operating costs. The purpose of this study is to optimize Preventive maintenance on the Ground Power Unit (GPU) in aircraft maintenance at PT. IAA AMO using the Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) method. The results show that the MTTF of the GPU is 311 hours, while the MTBF is 373 hours. To prevent sudden breakdowns, preventive maintenance is recommended every 311 hours for non-repairable components and 373 hours for repairable components. This research offers a more effective maintenance strategy to improve GPU reliability and lower operational costs. This research results in more effective maintenance planning, which not only minimizes downtime and operational costs, but also improves the overall reliability of the GPU machine. With the implementation of FMEA methods and the right preventive maintenance strategy, companies can anticipate breakdowns early, extend engine life, and ensure smooth operations in support of aircraft maintenance.
Studi Literatur: Pengaruh Current Ratio, Debt to Equity Ratio dan Net Profit Margin terhadap Return Saham
Authors: Maesaroh Siti Imas , Amalia Lala , Indah Indah , Ramandhannisa Alfira , Salsabilah Salsabilah 
Published: November 2024

Tujuan. Studi ini bertujuan untuk melakukan kajian literatur mengenai pengaruh current ratio, debt to equity ratio dan net profit margin terhadap return saham.
Metode. Studi yang termasuk dalam jenis studi deskriptif kualitatif ini menggunakan metode library research yakni pengkajian dan analisa ulang dari penelitian-penelitian terdahulu yang bersumber dari data kepustakaan, seperti buku, jurnal, artikel, dan dokumen lainnya.
Hasil. Dari analisis diperoleh hasil bahwa tidak terdapat pengaruh antara current ratio, debt to equity ratio dan net profit margin terhadap return saham. Walaupun ada, pengaruhnya tidak begitu signifikan terhadap return saham.
Implikasi. Organisasi atau perusahaan dapat mempertimbangkan rasio-rasio yang ingin digunakan agar memiliki keuntungan yang tinggi terhadap investasi saham yang dijalankan.
Low-Emission Hydrogen on the Background of “Carbon Curtain”
Authors: B. Milicevic , A. Oshchepkova , I. Mironova 
Published: November 2024

In this interview, we speak with Mr Branko Milicevic, a leading expert on energy transition and hydrogen at the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE). As a Secretary of the Group of Experts on Gas and of the UNECE Hydrogen Task Force, Mr Milicevic offers invaluable insights into the crucial role hydrogen will play in shaping the future energy system. We delve into the critical role of sustainable hydrogen in facilitating the energy transition and discuss the impactful work of the UNECE Hydrogen Task Force in promoting hydrogen as a viable and essential component of a cleaner, more sustainable energy future.
В этом интервью мы поговорили с Бранко Миличевичем, ведущим экспертом Европейской экономической комиссии ООН (ЕЭК ООН) по энергетическому переходу и водороду. Будучи секретарём Группы экспертов ООН по газу и Рабочей группы ЕЭК ООН по водороду, Бранко Миличевич поделился своим мнением о роли водорода в формировании энергетической системы будущего. Мы подробно обсудили важность водорода с низким углеродным следом для энергетического перехода, а также деятельность Рабочей группы ЕЭК ООН по водороду в контексте продвижения водорода как важного компонента устойчивого энергетического будущего.
Phase I pharmacokinetic study of etmaben, a malonic acid derivative
Authors: Karnakova P. K. , Karnakova K. K. , Komarov T. N. , Bagaevа N. S. , Popova M. O. , Ivkin D. Yu. , Archakova O. A. , Shohin I. E. , Narkevich I. A. 
Published: November 2024

Introduction. Etmaben is a malonic acid derivative that has shown cardiotropic activity and is a promising candidate for treating ischemic heart disease and chronic heart failure. It is currently undergoing Phase I clinical trials, and its pharmacokinetics have not yet been studied in humans.Aim. The aim of the study is to investigate the pharmacokinetics of Etmaben, film-coated tablets, 300 mg (SPCPU, Russia) in healthy volunteers after fasting administration of different doses following both single and multiple dosing over a 7-day period.Materials and methods. The open-label, non-randomized clinical trial involved 48 healthy volunteers divided into 6 cohorts. Volunteers in cohort 1 received a single dose of 600 mg of etmaben, cohort 2 received 900 mg, and cohort 3 received 1200 mg. Cohorts 4, 5, and 6 received daily doses of 600 mg, 900 mg, and 1200 mg, respectively. Plasma concentrations of etmaben were measured using high-performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry detection. Pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated using Microsoft Excel with the Boomer extension (Department of Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, Allergan, Irvine, CA 92606, USA).Results and discussion. Pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated for 6 cohorts of 8 volunteers after single and multiple dosing of Etmaben at doses of 600, 900, and 1200 mg. The maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) of etmaben was reached on average within 0.5 h. Cmax values ranged from 2.708 ± 1.461 µg/mL to 19.871 ± 4.415 µg/mL. The maximum half-life was 0.874 ± 0.236 h, with an elimination rate constant not exceeding 1.053 ± 0.149 h–1. The mean residence time (MRT) of etmaben in plasma did not exceed 1.527 ± 0.272 h. The average volume of distribution was above 45 L, and clearance exceeded 42 L, indicating significant tissue distribution and rapid drug elimination. Due to low area under the curve values and high elimination rates, the accumulation of etmaben is minimal.Conclusion. Pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated, and averaged pharmacokinetic profiles were constructed in linear and semilogarithmic coordinates after single and multiple dosing of various etmaben doses. This study represents the first investigation of etmaben pharmacokinetics in humans, paving the way for subsequent clinical trials.
Endoplasmic reticulum stress triggers unfolded protein response as an antiviral strategy of teleost erythrocytes
Authors: Salvador-Mira Maria , Sanchez-Cordoba Ester , Solivella Manuel , Nombela Ivan , Puente-Marin Sara , Chico Veronica , Perez Luis , Perez-Berna Ana Joaquina , Ortega-Villaizan Maria del Mar 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionFish nucleated red blood cells (RBCs), also known as erythrocytes, play a crucial role in maintaining immune system balance by modulating protein expression in response to various stimuli, including viral attack. This study explores the intriguing behavior of rainbow trout RBCs when faced with the viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV), focusing on the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and the unfolded protein response (UPR).MethodsRainbow trout RBCs were Ficoll-purified and exposed to ultraviolet (UV)-inactivated VHSV or live VHSV at different multiplicities of infection (MOIs). Using cryo-soft X-ray tomography (cryo-SXT), we uncovered structural and cellular modifications in RBCs exposed to UV-inactivated VHSV. Moreover, RBCs were treated with 4-phenylbutyric acid (4-PBA), an ER stress inhibitor, to investigate its effect on viral replication. Quantitative real-time PCR was also used to analyze the expression of genes related to the UPR and other related cellular pathways.Results and discussionBeyond their antiviral response, RBCs undergo notable intracellular changes to combat the virus. Cryo-SXT highlighted a significant increase in the ER volume. This increase is associated with ER stress and the activation of the UPR pathway. Interestingly, VHSV replication levels augmented in RBCs under ER-stress inhibition by 4-PBA treatment, suggesting that rainbow trout RBCs tune up ER stress to control viral replication. Therefore, our findings suggested the induction of ER stress and subsequent activation UPR signaling in the antiviral response of RBCs to VHSV. The results open a new line of investigation to uncover additional mechanisms that may become novel cellular targets for the development of RBC-targeted antiviral strategies.
Exploring the relationship between gut microbiota and breast diseases using Mendelian randomization analysis
Authors: Wang Xin , Gao Haoyu , Zeng Yiyao , Chen Jie 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundGrowing evidence suggests a relationship between gut microbiota composition and breast diseases, although the precise nature of this association remains uncertain. To investigate the causal relationship between gut microbiota and breast diseases, we utilized two-way Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.MethodsFour common diseases were included as outcomes: breast cancer, breast cysts, inflammatory disorders of the breast, and infections of the breast associated with childbirth, along with their subtypes. Genetic data on gut microbiota were extracted from genome-wide association studies (GWAS). The primary approach used to investigate the association between these genetic factors and gut microbiota was the inverse-variance-weighted (IVW) method with random-effects types. Sensitivity analyses, such as Cochran’s Q test, the MR-Egger intercept test, and leave-one-out analysis, were conducted to ensure the stability and reliability of the MR findings.ResultsWe discovered plausible causal links between 20 microbial categories and the breast diseases, with a significance level of p &lt; 0.05. Notably, Family.Rikenellaceae (p: 0.0013) maintained a significant inverse relationship with overall breast cancer (BC), after the Bonferroni correction. In the reverse MR analysis, interactions were observed between Genus.Adlercreutzia and estrogen receptor-positive cancer. In addition, Genus.Sellimonas, Family.Rikenellaceae, and Genus.Paraprevotella were associated with ER+ and overall breast cancer, whereas Genus.Dorea was linked to both estrogen receptor-negative and overall breast cancer. Family.Prevotellaceae was the only category correlated with inflammatory breast disorders. Moreover, Genus Eubacteriumruminantiumgroup, Genus.Lactococcus, and Family.Alcaligenaceae were associated with breast cysts, while Genus.Anaerofilum, Genus.Butyricimonas, Order.Coriobacteriales, Order.Pasteurellales, and Order.Verrucomicrobiales showed significant associations with infections of the breast associated with childbirth. No evidence of heterogeneity or horizontal pleiotropy was found.ConclusionOur Mendelian randomization analysis confirmed a causal relationship between gut microbiota and breast diseases. Early stool tests may be a viable method for screening diseases to identify people at higher risk of breast diseases.
Association between 24-hour urine volume and 28-day intensive care unit mortality in sepsis patients: a multi-center retrospective cohort study
Authors: Lin Yuzhan , Lin Weiguo , Fu Cheng , Sun Ruixue , Hong WeiLi , Chen Xinglin , Yan Shaorong 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundSepsis is defined as a dysregulated host response to infection that results in life-threatening organ dysfunction. The 24-hour urine volume plays a crucial role in assessing the prognosis of septic patients. This study aims to investigate the relationship between 24-hour urine volume and 28-day intensive care unit (ICU) mortality in septic patients and exploring the dose-response relationship between these variables.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study analyzed data from 7,218 sepsis patients in the eICU Collaborative Research Database. Logistic regression models and generalized additive models were used to examine the relationship between 24-hour urine volume and 28-day ICU mortality.ResultsA negative correlation was found between 24-hour urine volume and ICU 28-day mortality. In the fully adjusted model, each 50 mL increase in 24-hour urine volume significantly reduced mortality risk by 1% (OR = 0.99, 95% CI = 0.98–0.99, P &lt; 0.001). A nonlinear dose-response relationship was observed, with an inflection point at ~1,663.5 ml. Below this threshold, increased urine volume was significantly associated with reduced mortality risk (OR = 0.97, 95% CI: 0.96–0.98, P &lt; 0.001), while above this point, the relationship was not statistically significant.ConclusionThis study demonstrates a non-linear negative correlation between 24-hour urine volume and 28-day ICU mortality in sepsis patients.
Association between dietary folate intake and severe headache or migraine in adults: a cross-sectional study of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
Authors: Zhao Dehua , Long Xiaoqing , Wang Jisheng 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundThe aim of this study was to assess the association between dietary folate intake and severe headache or migraine.MethodsThis cross-sectional study utilized the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data from 1999 to 2004. Weighted logistic regression models, restricted cubic spline (RCS) regression, sensitivity analysis, and stratified analyses were performed to evaluate the association between dietary folate intake and severe headache or migraine.ResultsA total of 4,107 participants were included, with 704 individuals (17.14%) experienced severe headache or migraine. After adjusting for all covariates, an independent association was found between dietary folate intake and severe headache or migraine (OR = 0.77, 95% CI: 0.64–0.93, p = 0.005). When folate intake was categorized, individuals in Q2 (251.21–356.00 μg/d), Q3 (356.19–514.00 μg/d), and Q4 (≥515.00 μg/d) had ORs of 0.95 (95% CI: 0.75–1.20, p = 0.660), 0.86 (95% CI: 0.67–1.12, p = 0.266), and 0.65 (95% CI: 0.48–0.89, p = 0.007), respectively, compared to those in Q1 (≤251.00 μg/d). The RCS regression showed a linear negative relationship between dietary folate intake and severe headache or migraine. Stratified and sensitivity analyses yielded similar results.ConclusionThere was a linear negative relationship between dietary folate intake and migraine.
Direct effects of remote ischemic preconditioning on post-exercise-induced changes in kynurenine metabolism
Authors: Brzezińska Paulina , Mieszkowski Jan , Stankiewicz Błażej , Kowalik Tomasz , Reczkowicz Joanna , Niespodziński Bartłomiej , Durzyńska Aleksandra , Kowalski Konrad , Borkowska Andżelika , Antosiewicz Jędrzej , Kochanowicz Andrzej 
Published: November 2024

PurposeTryptophan (TRP) degradation through the kynurenine pathway is responsible for converting 95% of free TRP into kynurenines, which modulate skeletal muscle bioenergetics, immune and central nervous system activity. Therefore, changes in the kynurenines during exercise have been widely studied but not in the context of the effects of remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC). In this study, we analyzed the effect of 14-day RIPC training on kynurenines and TRP in runners after running intervals of 20 × 400 m.MethodsIn this study, 27 semi-professional long-distance runners were assigned to two groups: a RIPC group performing 14 days of RIPC training (n = 12), and a placebo group, SHAM (n = 15). Blood was collected for analysis before, immediately after, and at 6 h and 24 h after the run.ResultsAfter the 14-day RIPC/SHAM intervention, post hoc analysis showed a significantly lower concentration of XANA and kynurenic acid to kynurenine ratio (KYNA/KYN) in the RIPC group than in the SHAM group immediately after the running test. Conversely, the decrease in serum TRP levels was higher in the RIPC population.ConclusionRIPC modulates post-exercise changes in XANA and TRP levels, which can affect brain health, yet further research is needed.
Rising global burden of anxiety disorders among adolescents and young adults: trends, risk factors, and the impact of socioeconomic disparities and COVID-19 from 1990 to 2021
Authors: Bie Fengsai , Yan Xiaoling , Xing Jie , Wang Leilei , Xu Yang , Wang Guan , Wang Qian , Guo Jinyu , Qiao Jing , Rao Zhenzhen 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundAnxiety disorders are among the most prevalent mental health conditions globally, particularly affecting adolescents and young adults (10-24 years), and causing substantial psychological and social impairments. This study analyzed changes in the incidence, prevalence, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) of anxiety disorders in this age group from 1990 to 2021, emphasizing the impact of socioeconomic disparities and the COVID-19 pandemic, particularly post-2019.MethodsUtilizing the Global Burden of Disease(GBD) 2021 data from 204 countries, this study evaluated global trends in anxiety disorders among adolescents and young adults. Conducted between May 16 and August 1, 2024, it assessed prevalence, incidence, DALYs, and estimated annual percentage changes (EAPCs) from 1990 to 2021. Joinpoint regression identified significant shifts in incidence rates, with key risk factors, especially bullying victimization,examined. The analysis was stratified by region, country, age group, sex, and Socio-Demographic Index (SDI).ResultsFrom 1990 to 2021, the global incidence of anxiety disorders among those aged 10-24 years increased by 52%, particularly in the 10-14 age group and post-2019. Females showed higher prevalence rates than males, and DALYs rose notably among the 20-24-year-olds. Regions with middle SDI reported the highest incidence and prevalence, whereas high SDI regions experienced the largest increases. India had the highest number of cases, while Mexico saw the greatest rise. A gradual decline in incidence was noted until 2001, followed by a slow increase, with a sharp rise from 2019 to 2021. Bullying victimization was a significant risk factor, especially in regions with a high anxiety disorder burden.ConclusionThe rising incidence of anxiety disorders among adolescents and young adults over the past 30 years reflects the increasing global mental health burden. Socioeconomic factors, particularly in middle SDI regions, and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic have exacerbated this trend. Effective, targeted interventions focusing on early prevention and community-based mental health management are urgently needed to mitigate the long-term impact on young populations globally.
Борьба за отмену ЕГЭ через призму качества российского образования
Authors: И.А. Бобкова 
Published: November 2024

В работе рассмотрены некоторые аспекты борьбы противников ЕГЭ как государственной итоговой аттестации за его отмену. Внесены предложения по совершенствованию аттестации в школе.
The paper considers some aspects of the struggle of opponents of the Unified State Exam as a state final certification for its abolition. Suggestions have been made to improve the school's certification.
Место дельта-роботов в промышленности
Authors: В.В. Дубинина 
Published: November 2024

В статье проведен анализ рынка дельта-роботов и их технико-экономических показателей. Рассмотрены компании-производители данного типа роботов, приведены примеры использования дельта-роботов в различных отраслях промышленности. Рассчитан технический индекс, построена его динамика и зависимость цены от него, а также взаимосвязь абсолютных показателей (радиус, масса, грузоподъемность).The article analyzes the market for delta robots and their technical and economic indicators. Manufacturers of this type of robot are reviewed and examples of the use of delta robots in various industries are given. The technical index was calculated, its dynamics and price dependence on it were constructed, as well as the relationship of absolute indicators (reach, weight, payload).