bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Galactic or extragalactic chemical tagging for NGC 3201?
Authors: Dias B. , Araya I. , Nogueira-Cavalcante J. P. , Saker L. , Shokry A. 
Published: March 2018

Context. The origin of the globular cluster (GC) NGC 3201 is under debate. Its retrograde orbit points to an extragalactic origin, but no further chemical evidence supports this idea. Light-element chemical abundances are useful to tag GCs and can be used to shed light on this discussion.
Aims. Recently it was shown that the CN and CH indices are useful to identify GCs that are anomalous to those typically found in the Milky Way. A possible origin of anomalous clusters is the merger of two GCs and/or the nucleus of a dwarf galaxy. We aim to derive CN and CH band strengths for red giant stars in NGC3201 and compare these with photometric indices and high-resolution spectroscopy and discuss in the context of GC chemical tagging.
Methods. We measure molecular band indices of S(3839) and G4300 for CN and CH, respectively from low-resolution spectra of red giant stars. Gravity and temperature effects are removed. Photometric indices are used to indicate further chemical information on C+N+O or s-process element abundances that are not derived from low-resolution spectra.
Results. We found three groups in the CN–CH distribution. A main sequence (S1), a secondary less-populated sequence (S2), and a group of peculiar (pec) CN-weak and CH-weak stars, one of which was previously known. The three groups seem to have different C+N+O and/or s-process element abundances, to be confirmed by high-resolution spectroscopy. These are typical characteristics of anomalous GCs. The CN distribution of NGC 3201 is quadrimodal, which is more common in anomalous clusters. However, NGC 3201 does not belong to the trend of anomalous GCs in the mass-size relation.
Conclusions. The globular cluster NGC 3201 shows signs that it can be chemically tagged as anomalous: it has an unusual CN–CH relation, indications that pec-S1-S2 is an increasing sequence of C+N+O or s-process element abundances, and a multi-modal CN distribution that seems to correlate with s-process element abundances. The non-anomalous characteristics are that it has a debatable Fe-spread and it does not follow the trend of mass size of all anomalous clusters. Three scenarios are postulated here: (i) if the sequence pec-S1-S2 has increasing C+N+O and s-process element abundances, NGC 3201 would be the first anomalous GC outside of the mass-size relation; (ii) if the abundances are almost constant, NGC 3201 would be the first non-anomalous GC with multiple CN–CH anti-correlation groups; or (iii) it would be the first anomalous GC without variations in C+N+O and s-process element abundances. In all cases, the definition of anomalous clusters and the scenario in which they have an extragalactic origin must be revised.
Enfin du nouveau dans l’ancrage mandibulaire postérieur
Authors: Bernard-Granger C. , Cresseaux P. , Filippi R. 
Published: March 2018

Dans cet article, nous vous présentons, à travers trois cas cliniques, une nouvelle technique d’ancrage orthodontique.
Le procédé est inspiré d’un ancrage utilisé en alpinisme.
Grâce à un simple fil d’ostéosynthèse, inséré dans la branche montante mandibulaire, il est possible d’obtenir un recul de l’arcade et un redressement conséquent des axes incisifs.
Retinale Ziliopathien
Authors: Gerth-Kahlert Christina , Koller Samuel 
Published: March 2018

ZusammenfassungZiliopathien umfassen Erkrankungen und Fehlbildungen einzelner oder mehrerer Organe. Isolierte oder syndromale progressive Netzhautdystrophien stellen die häufigste okuläre Manifestation der Ziliopathien dar. Hierbei ist insbesondere die Struktur der Photorezeptoren mit dem Verbindungscilium (connecting cilium) bedeutend. Durch die dysfunktionalen Zilien besteht eine meist schwere Form der Netzhautdystrophie, der Leberʼschen kongenitalen Amaurose (LCA). Die häufigsten syndromalen Ziliopathien mit okulärer Manifestation sind das Bardet-Biedl-Syndrom (BBS) und das Usher-Syndrom. Die molekulargenetischen Analysen wiesen bisher eine Vielzahl von Genen für ziliäre Proteine nach. Mutationen in diesen Genen sind mit einer klinischen Heterogenität verbunden. Die Diagnose einer LCA oder einer Netzhautdystrophie im Kindesalter sollte immer eine multidisziplinäre Untersuchung und Betreuung einschließen. Eine kausale Therapie der Ziliopathien befindet sich in einem erfolgversprechenden Anfangsstadium, sodass zum jetzigen Zeitpunkt nur unterstützende und rehabilitierende Maßnahmen zur Verfügung stehen.
Multizentrische Analyse des Nutzerverhaltens von
Cochlea-Implantat-Trägern
Authors: Oberhoffner Tobias , Hoppe Ulrich , Hey Matthias , Hecker Dietmar , Bagus Heike , Voigt Peter , Schicktanz Silvia , Braun Astrid , Hocke Thomas 
Published: March 2018

Zusammenfassung
Zusammenfassung Neuartige Cochlear-Implant-Sprachprozessoren bieten die
Möglichkeit der Speicherung von Nutzungsdaten (Datalogging). Mit Hilfe dieser
Informationen kann eine gezieltere individuelle Betreuung von Patienten
ermöglicht werden. Allerdings fehlen bisher Normdaten in größerem Umfang zum
individuellen Nutzungsverhalten.
Material und Methoden Im Rahmen einer retrospektiven Studie wurden die
Nutzungsdaten von 2687 Patienten ausgewertet. Alle Patienten waren mit dem
Nucleus 6-System der Firma Cochlear Ltd. versorgt.
Ergebnisse Die Daten ermöglichen für die Nutzungsdauer bzw. Tragedauern
von Cochlear-Implant-Sprachprozessoren einen Normalbereich festzulegen. Ebenso
ist die Identifikation von auffälligem Nutzungsverhalten möglich.
Retinale astrozytäre Hamartome bei Neurofibromatose Typ 2 – Metaanalyse und Fallbericht
Authors: Starosta Daniela , Lorenz Birgit 
Published: March 2018

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Die Neurofibromatose Typ 2 (NF2) ist eine autosomal-dominant vererbliche Erkrankung mit unvollständiger Penetranz, die durch das Vorkommen von gutartigen Tumoren des zentralen und peripheren Nervensystems charakterisiert ist. Zu diesen zählen Astrozytome, Ependymome, Meningeome und Schwannome, bei denen beidseitige Vestibularisschwannome typisch sind. Okulär manifestiert sich die NF2 durch juvenile subkapsuläre Katarakte, epiretinale Membranen sowie kombinierte Hamartome der Retina und des retinalen Pigmentepithels.
Material und Methoden Bei einer Patientin mit retinalem Hamartom bei NF2 wurde eine multimodale Bilddokumentation durchgeführt und mit einer Metaanalyse publizierter Fälle retinaler Hamartome bei NF2 verglichen.
Ergebnisse Berichtet wird über den Fall eines 14-jährigen Mädchens mit molekulargenetisch gesicherter Neurofibromatose Typ 2. In der Spectral-Domain-optischen Kohärenztomografie (SD-OCT) fielen beidseitige, asymptomatische, retinale astrozytäre Hamartome im Bereich der retinalen Ganglienzell- und Nervenfaserschicht auf. Eine Metaanalyse der 25 publizierten Fälle ergab, dass die häufigste Form von Tumoren der Retina das kombinierte Hamartom der Retina und des retinalen Pigmentepithels (CHRRPE, 16 Fälle) war, gefolgt von den retinalen astrozytären Hamartomen (RAH, 7 Fälle). Dabei wurden die retinalen Hamartome meistens beidseitig beschrieben. Es wurden 11 Fälle beschrieben, bei denen retinale Hamartome vor der klinischen Diagnose der NF2 festgestellt wurden. Es konnte keine Geschlechtsprävalenz festgestellt werden. Die 3 häufigsten okulären Befunde bei NF2 waren Sehminderung, Katarakt und epiretinale Membranen.
Schlussfolgerung Das Spektrum der spezifisch okulären Befunde bei NF2 ist sehr groß. Deren Feststellung kann gerade im jungen Alter diagnoseweisend für die Erstdiagnose der NF2 sein und somit eine frühzeitige Erkennung und gegebenenfalls eine rechtzeitige und erfolgreichere Therapie weiterer Tumormanifestationen ermöglichen. Retinale astrozytäre Hamartome können sehr dezent ausgeprägt sein und bei einer Routineuntersuchung nicht auffallen. Eine Fundusinfrarotaufnahme ist bei der ophthalmologischen Untersuchung insbesondere von kleinen Kindern ein nützliches Werkzeug und kann in manchen Fällen funduskopisch kaum erkennbare Befunde aufdecken, die dann gezielt mit SD-OCT untersucht werden können.
Multiple Ligament Knee Injuries
Authors: Fanelli David , Fanelli Gregory 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe posterior cruciate ligament (PCL)-based multiple ligament injury, or dislocated knee, is often part of a multisystem injury complex that not only includes the knee ligaments, but may also include blood vessels, skin, nerves, fractures, and other organ system trauma. These factors must be considered in the scope of treating this complex knee injury. These complex knee ligament injuries can result in significant functional instability for the affected individual. This article will discuss multiple ligament knee injuries evaluation, treatment, and special considerations in the pediatric and adolescent population.
Improved Early Postoperative Range of Motion in Total Knee Arthroplasty Using Tranexamic Acid: A Retrospective Analysis
Authors: Boin Michael , Froehle Andrew , Lawless Matthew , May Jedediah , Dorweiler Matthew 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe use of tranexamic acid (TXA) in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) has become common practice. Recent literature has demonstrated a reduction in postoperative knee swelling and drain output while using TXA. Our purpose is to analyze the range of motion (ROM) following TKA in patients who received TXA compared with a control group. We hypothesize that patients treated with TXA will have improved early postoperative ROM when compared with controls. A retrospective chart review was performed for patients who underwent TKA from 2010 to 2012 performed by a single orthopaedic surgeon. Patients were stratified into three cohorts by route of TXA administration including intravenous (IV), topical, and a control group. Dependent variables analyzed included extension, flexion, and total arc ROM on each postoperative day (POD), average ROM across all three postoperative days, as well as pre-to-postoperative differences in ROM. Demographic data were recorded for each patient. A total of 174 patients were included for analysis, 75 controls and 99 receiving TXA. A significant difference was found between the treatment groups and the control for all variables (for each, p ≤ 0.002). There were no significant differences in ROM between the IV and topical TXA treatment groups (for each, p ≥ 0.558). A multivariate analysis demonstrated no significant difference between the groups in complication rate or demographic variables. The use of TXA may improve early postoperative ROM following TKA.
Large Osteochondral Allografts of the Knee: Surgical Technique and Indications
Authors: Pisanu Gabriele , Cottino Umberto , Rosso Federica , Blonna Davide , Marmotti Antonio , Bertolo Corrado , Rossi Roberto , Bonasia Davide 
Published: March 2018

AbstractLarge osteochondral allograft (OCA) transplant has become a valid alternative to restore articular surface in challenging articular lesions in young and active patients, either in primary or in revision procedures. Several studies support the effectiveness and safety of OCA, but costs and graft availability limit their use. The indications are the treatment of symptomatic full-thickness cartilage lesions greater than 3 cm2, deep lesions with subchondral damage, or revision procedures when a previous treatment has failed. The goal of the transplant is to restore the articular surface with a biological implant, allow return to daily/sports activities, relieve symptoms, and delay knee arthroplasty. Grafts can be fresh, fresh-frozen, or cryopreserved; these different storage procedures significantly affect cell viability, immunogenicity, and duration of the storage. Dowel and shell technique are the two most commonly used procedures for OCA transplantation. While most cartilage lesions can be treated with the dowel technique, large and/or geometrically irregular lesions should be treated with the shell technique. OCA transplantation for the knee has demonstrated reliable mid- to long-term results in terms of graft survival and patient satisfaction. Best results are reported: in unipolar lesions, in patients younger than 30 years, in traumatic lesions and when the treatment is performed within 12 months from the onset of symptoms.
Subcutaneoscopic Excision of External Angular Dermoid Cysts: Our Covert Scar Approach in 11 Cases
Authors: Hsiao Annie , Pimpalwar Ashwin 
Published: March 2018

Introduction External angular dermoid cysts, or epidermoid inclusion cysts, are a common subcutaneous tumor of the head and neck. For the majority of these lesions, excision is relatively simple and performed through an incision immediately overlying the mass. Facial lesions in pediatric patients present a unique challenge in that a direct approach carries the potential for visible scar formation.
Objective This article aims to detail our experience with subcutaneoscopic excision of external angular dermoid cysts in pediatric patients using endoscopic instrumentation.
Materials and Methods Retrospectively, we reviewed 11 cases, between the ages of 4 months and 3 years with external angular dermoid cysts. An incision is made on the scalp above the hairline, then a tunneled working space is created underneath the skin. 3 mm laparoscopy instruments were then used for providing excellent visualization and precise subcutaneoscopic dissection.
Results There were no complications apparent in any of the 11 cases (except cyst rupture in one case), with mean procedure duration at 61 minutes. Final results at follow-up revealed aesthetically pleasing and well-healed skin incisions, hidden from view behind the hairline.
Conclusion The subcutaneoscopic technique utilizing endoscopic instrumentation has the advantage of improved visualization of the cyst, greater precision of dissection, and excellent cosmesis. One disadvantage of this procedure is that this involves learning a new technique while the majority of surgeons are already comfortable with the open approach. Given the safety and efficacy observed for this subcutaneoscopic procedure, this technique can have tremendous possibilities.
Migration of Mesenchymal Stem Cells of Bursal Tissue after Rotator Cuff Repair in Rats
Authors: Safi Elem , Ficklscherer Andreas , Bondarava Maryna , Betz Oliver , Zhang Anja , Jansson Volkmar , Müller Peter 
Published: March 2018

Purpose The purpose of this study is to verify migration of mesenchymal stem cells of bursal tissue into the healing site after rotator cuff repair in rats.
Methods Fischer rats and green fluorescent protein (GFP)-transgenic rats were used. Bursal tissue from GFP rats was isolated and transplanted into tendon repair sites in Fischer rats. We examined the histology of the rotator cuff and the proportion of GFP-positive cells in the repaired rotator cuff 1, 3, and 6 weeks after surgery.
Results Cell migration was observed during the third and sixth week after surgery. We also found mesenchymal stem cells and formed bursal cluster patterns in the repaired rotator cuff tendons.
Conclusion Mesenchymal stem cells migrated from bursal tissue and infiltrated the repaired rotator cuff tendons.
Clinical Relevance Mesenchymal stem cells from bursal tissue can contribute to the healing progress of the repaired rotator cuff.
Dose Reduction and Dose Management in Computed Tomography – State of the Art
Authors: Zinsser Dominik , Marcus Roy , Othman Ahmed , Bamberg Fabian , Nikolaou Konstantin , Flohr Thomas , Notohamiprodjo Mike 
Published: March 2018

Background For years, the number of performed CT examinations has been rising. At the same time, computed tomography became more dose efficient. The aim of this article is to give an overview about the state of the art in dose reduction in CT and to highlight currently available tools in dose management.
Method By performing a literature research on Pubmed regarding dose reduction in CT, relevant articles were identified and analyzed.
Results and Conclusion Technical innovations with individual adaptation of tube current and voltage as well as iterative image reconstruction enable a considerable dose reduction with preserved image quality. At the same time, dedicated software tools are able to handle huge amounts of data and allow to optimize existing examination protocols.
Key points
Citation Format
Moral supervenience
Authors: Hattiangadi Anandi 
Published: March 2018

AbstractIt is widely held, even among nonnaturalists, that the moral supervenes on the natural. This is to say that for any two metaphysically possible worldswandw′, and for any entitiesxinwandyinw′, any isomorphism betweenxandythat preserves the natural properties preserves the moral properties. In this paper, I put forward a conceivability argument against moral supervenience, assuming non-naturalism. First, I argue that though utilitarianism may be true, and the trolley driver is permitted to kill the one to save the five, there is a conceivable scenario that is just like our world in all natural respects, yet at which deontology is true, and the trolly driver is not permitted to kill the one to save the five. I then argue that in the special case of morality, it is possible to infer from the conceivability of such a scenario to its possibility. It follows that supervenience is false.
Situating Deliberative Rhetoric in Ancient Greece: TheBouleutêrionas a Venue for Oratorical Performance
Authors: Johnstone Christopher Lyle , Graff Richard J. 
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACTOur understanding of the origins and early development of Greek rhetoric can be enlarged and sharpened by attending to the specific historical, cultural, and material contexts in which it was embedded. We perceive the cultural meanings and physical challenges of Greek rhetorical practice only to the extent that we consider the actual places and spaces in which it unfolded. This study examines and assesses the bouleutêrion (council house) as a venue for oratorical performance in the ancient Greek world, surveying a range of such buildings and describing their historical contexts, physical settings and configurations, and suitability as oratorical venues.
Psychophysiological effects of audiovisual stimuli during cycle exercise
Authors: Barreto‐Silva Vinícius , Bigliassi Marcelo , Chierotti Priscila , Altimari Leandro R. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractImmersive environments induced by audiovisual stimuli are hypothesised to facilitate the control of movements and ameliorate fatigue‐related symptoms during exercise. The objective of the present study was to investigate the effects of pleasant and unpleasant audiovisual stimuli on perceptual and psychophysiological responses during moderate‐intensity exercises performed on an electromagnetically braked cycle ergometer. Twenty young adults were administered three experimental conditions in a randomised and counterbalanced order: unpleasant stimulus (US; e.g. images depicting laboured breathing); pleasant stimulus (PS; e.g. images depicting pleasant emotions); and neutral stimulus (NS; e.g. neutral facial expressions). The exercise had 10 min of duration (2 min of warm‐up + 6 min of exercise + 2 min of warm‐down). During all conditions, the rate of perceived exertion and heart rate variability were monitored to further understanding of the moderating influence of audiovisual stimuli on perceptual and psychophysiological responses, respectively. The results of the present study indicate that PS ameliorated fatigue‐related symptoms and reduced the physiological stress imposed by the exercise bout. Conversely, US increased the global activity of the autonomic nervous system and increased exertional responses to a greater degree when compared to PS. Accordingly, audiovisual stimuli appear to induce a psychophysiological response in which individuals visualise themselves within the story presented in the video. In such instances, individuals appear to copy the behaviour observed in the videos as if the situation was real. This mirroring mechanism has the potential to up‐/down‐regulate the cardiac work as if in fact the exercise intensities were different in each condition.
The electrocardiographic manifestations of athlete's heart and their association with exercise exposure
Authors: Bessem Bram , De Bruijn Matthijs C. , Nieuwland Wybe , Zwerver Johannes , Van Den Berg Maarten 
Published: March 2018

AbstractObjective: The aim of this study was to define the minimum amount of exercise per week (‘current exposure’) and the total amount of exercise (‘lifetime exposure’) needed to lead to the electrocardiographic changes fitting athlete's heart. Methods: All the pre‐participation screenings (including electrocardiograms (ECGs)) from collegiate athletes performed at University Sports Medical Center in 2013 and 2014 were collected. Data on height, weight, sex, age, current sport(s) participation and lifetime sport(s) participation were collected. Current exposure was categorised into 0–3, 3–6, 6–10 and >10 hours/week. Lifetime sport exposure was divided into five categories: 0–1000, 1001–2000, 2001–3000, 3001–4000 and >4000 hours. Results: The study population consisted of 1229 athletes (current exposure) and 1104 athletes (lifetime exposure). Current sport exposure: There was a significant increase in training‐related ECG changes in the category 3–6 vs. <3 hours/week. When looking at individual parameters, we found an association with a significant difference in sinus bradycardia and QRS voltage (<3 vs. 3–6 hours/week) and first‐degree AV‐block (<3 vs. >10 hours/week).Lifetime sport exposure: There was an increase in training‐related ECG changes that reached significance at an exposure >3000 hours. When looking at individual parameters, we found an association with a significant difference in sinus bradycardia (0–1000 vs. 2001–3000), QRS voltage (0–1000 vs. 3001–4000) and first‐degree AV‐block (0–1000 vs. >4000). Conclusion: A minimum of ≥3 hours/week of current exposure and a lifetime exposure of >3000 hours is needed to lead to the electrocardiographic changes fitting athlete's heart.
Effects of tennis play on executive function in 6–11‐year‐old children: a 12‐month longitudinal study
Authors: Ishihara Toru , Mizuno Masao 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe present study aimed to assess the effects of 12 months of frequent tennis play on executive functions and the relationships of daily moderate‐to‐vigorous physical activity (MVPA), physical competence, and enjoyment of playing tennis to executive functions in children. Thirty‐two children (6–11 years old) who had regularly played tennis (once a week; mean = 3 years, range = 0–6 years) before the study were enrolled in a 12‐month intervention. Participants were allocated into two groups: low‐dose (maintain current frequency of tennis play, N = 19) or high‐dose (increased frequency of tennis play to four times per week, N = 13). Participants’ MVPA, physical competence, enjoyment of playing tennis, and executive functions (i.e. inhibitory control, working memory, and cognitive flexibility) were evaluated before and after this intervention. The high‐dose group demonstrated a greater improvement in working memory than the low‐dose group, while there was no group difference in MVPA, physical competence, and enjoyment of playing tennis. Changes in MVPA were associated with improvements in cognitive flexibility. Changes in physical competence were associated with improvements in working memory and cognitive flexibility. Changes in the enjoyment of playing tennis were associated with improvements in inhibitory control. The current findings suggest that replacement of MVPA with sports activity, such as tennis enhances executive functions development, and suggest that sports programmes that seek to build competence and enjoyment might help support the development of executive functions in children.