bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Associations of genetic variation and mRNA expression of PDGF/PDGFRB pathway genes with coronary artery disease in the Chinese population
Authors: Wei Pengfei , Xie Hankun , Sun Junxiang , Zhuang Qian , Xie Jichao , Yin Yunjie , Liu Fangyuan , Li Wen , Chen Changying , Wang Feifan , Han Xu , Xu Liang , Zhao Xianghai , Chen Yanchun , Yang Song , Shen Chong 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPlatelet‐derived growth factors (PDGFs) and receptors (PDGFR) play a key role in the process of coronary atherosclerosis. We aimed to investigate the association of genetic variations and mRNA expressions of PDGF/PDGFRB pathway genes with coronary artery disease (CAD). In this case–control study (3139 CAD vs. 3270 controls), 13 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at five pathway genes were genotyped and combined to construct a weighted genetic risk score (wGRS). Three hundred and six pairs of cases and controls were selected for mRNA quantification. Restricted cubic spline (RCS) analyses were conducted for the dose–response relationship between wGRS, mRNAs and CAD. Area under the curve (AUC) was estimated to evaluate the discrimination of wGRS, mRNAs, and traditional risk factors (TRF) for CAD. The wGRS exhibited a positive linear relationship with CAD (p for linearity <0.001), and the medium and high wGRS had 37% and 50% increased risk of CAD compared to the low wGRS group (p = 1.5 × 10−4; p = 5.7 × 10−5). mRNA expression levels of five genes in peripheral blood leukocytes were all lower among patients at admission than controls (p < 0.001). The PDGF/PDGFRB mRNA expressions had significant non‐linear correlations with AMI, with “U”‐shaped trend for PDGFA, PDGFB and “L”‐shaped trend for PDGFC, PDGFD and PDGFRB. Adding wGRS and mRNAs to the TRF model significantly improved the discrimination for CAD with an AUC of 0.921 (95% CI, 0.898–0.943). Genetic variations in the PDGF/PDGFRB pathway contribute to CAD susceptibility with a significantly joint effect. The down‐regulated PDGF/PDGFRB mRNAs in peripheral leukocytes have the potential as blood‐based biomarkers for CAD with high discriminative value.
Bowel Colonization With Carbapenem‐Resistant Bacteria Is Associated With Short‐Term Outcomes in Patients With Acute‐On‐Chronic Liver Failure
Authors: Singh Satender Pal , Bhatia Vikram , Kale Pratibha , Kumar Guresh , Khillan Vikas , Vijayaraghavan Rajan 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundBowel colonization with antimicrobial‐resistant bacteria has been associated with worse clinical outcomes in patients with cirrhosis; however, it has not been studied in patients with acute‐on‐chronic liver failure (ACLF). We evaluated whether fecal isolation of carbapenem‐resistant gram‐negative bacteria (CR‐GNB) among patients with ACLF affects short‐term outcomes.MethodsPatients of APASL‐ACLF (n = 339) were screened between June 2020 and December 2021, and 150 were included. Stool cultures were carried out at baseline and every 5 days thereafter until discharge or death. All surviving patients were followed until 60 days after discharge.ResultsMean age was 44.8 (8.8) years, with 86% males and alcohol as etiology in 66%. CR‐GNB organisms were isolated from stool in 42% of hospitalized ACLF patients, with E. coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae as the most common species. Patients with CR‐GNB fecal carriage were associated with higher CTP, MELD, and DF scores but not with recent antibiotics, proton pump inhibitors, or lactulose use. Extraintestinal infections developed in 59.3% overall, most commonly UTI, pneumonia, and SBP. Infectious complications developed in 57.3% and 19.7% with and without CR‐GNB in the stool (RR: 5.5; p < 0.001). Peripheral cultures were positive in 60.7% with infections, with species concordant with the fecal isolates found in 90.7%. Isolation of CR‐GNB from stool and high bilirubin were independently associated with both in‐hospital mortality and 60‐day mortality (p = 0.05).ConclusionsHospitalized ACLF patients with CR‐GNB in the stool have a significantly higher risk of extraintestinal infections, in‐hospital mortality, and short‐term mortality up to 60 days.Trial Number[NCT04383106].
Transcriptome Analysis of HNSCC by Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans Extracellular Vesicles
Authors: Ha Jae Yeong , Choi Song‐Yi , Kim Suk‐Jeong , Seog Kristen Jin , Hong Su‐Hyung , Lee Heon‐Jin 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTObjectivesThe role of extracellular vesicles (EVs), also known as outer membrane vesicles (OMVs), secreted by oral bacteria in the progression of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs), is largely unexplored. This study aimed to investigate the influence of bacterial EVs, specifically those derived from Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (Aa), on the progression of HNSCC.Materials and MethodsFaDu and UMSCC1 cell lines were treated with Aa‐derived EVs, and oncogenic activities were assessed. Comprehensive cellular and RNA‐sequencing transcriptome analyses were conducted to assess the impact of these EVs on cell cycle progression and gene expression.ResultsOur findings reveal that Aa‐derived EVs accelerate cell cycle progression through the S and G2 phases and enhance invasion in HNSCC cell lines. RNA‐sequencing analysis showed that Aa‐derived EVs exert a more significant effect on general transcript expression than on microRNA profiles, except for miR‐146a, which is recognized as a key factor in both carcinogenesis and immune modulation.ConclusionsBacterial EVs, particularly from periodontal pathogens like Aa, are significant modulators within the oral cancer environment, potentially affecting cellular behavior and gene expression profiles. This study highlights the complex relationship between periodontal health and oral carcinogenesis, emphasizing the significant role of bacterial EVs in HNSCC progression.
High‐frequency spinal cord stimulation in treatment of phantom lower limb pain following spinal cord injury: A case report
Authors: Park Rachel J. , Boesel Tillman W. , Di Ieva Antonio 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIntroductionPain management in patients with complete spinal cord injury is complex.Case ReportWe report a successful case of managing neuropathic, phantom limb, and back pain below the level of spinal cord injury (T5 American Spinal Injury Association [ASIA] A) using a 10 kHz high‐frequency spinal cord stimulator (SCS) over a 6‐month follow‐up period.ConclusionThe effectiveness of this approach may be attributed to its ability to modulate supraspinal pain processing, allowing for targeted relief of various pain mechanisms below the level of injury.
Infections and treatment modalities in pediatric victims of the Kahramanmaraş/Türkiye earthquake
Authors: Aykac Kubra , Uzumcugil Akin , Ustun Galip Gencay , Ilbay Sare , Ertekin Erdem , Tuncdemir Perihan , Anac Emine Gulfem , Hazirolan Gulsen , Yilmaz Guney , Aksoy Mehmet Cemalettin , Saricaoglu Fatma , Ozgur Fatma Figen , Cengiz Ali Bulent , Ozsurekci Yasemin 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundData on infections in children are scarce in the context of earthquakes. Here, we describe our clinical experiences regarding infections in pediatric victims after the earthquakes in Kahramanmaraş/Türkiye.MethodsTrauma patients after the Kahramanmaraş earthquakes, aged under 18 years and admitted to our hospital, were evaluated retrospectively. The patients’ demographic data, pathogen distribution, drug resistance, and antibiotic treatments were analyzed.ResultsThirty pediatric patients were admitted to our hospital from disaster areas. The median duration under the rubble of patients was 24 h (range: 0.3–120 h). The median time for these patients to arrive our hospital was 5 days (range: 2–18 h). All of them had wound infections, 3.3% of patients had both wound infection and urinary tract infection, and 13.3% had both a bloodstream infection and a wound infection. Seventy‐nine positive cultures were detected in repeated samples of 19 patients, of which polymicrobial infections accounted for 50.6% and monomicrobial infections constituted 49.4%. Of these, 107 were Gram‐negative bacilli (79.9%), and 27 were Gram‐positive cocci (20.1%). Pan‐drug‐resistant (PDR) and extensively drug‐resistant (XDR) possible PDR bacteria constituted 73.6% of total Gram‐negative bacteria. Carbapenem‐based treatments (n = 14, 46.7%) were the commonly preferred antimicrobial regimen. Fasciotomy was performed in 53.3% of the patients (n = 16) and amputation in 30% of the patients (n= 9). All of our patients survived.ConclusionFactors that reduced mortality and morbidity in the earthquake victims were broad‐spectrum antibiotic therapy targeting highly resistant bacteria, and complementary surgical management. In other words, the multidisciplinary approaches of pediatricians and surgical departments were life saving after the earthquake.
Aesthetic Benevolence
Authors: Telech Daniel 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTWhile non‐moral varieties of goodness (e.g., aesthetic, epistemic and prudential) are readily recognised by philosophers and non‐philosophers alike, the philosophical literature generally suggests that benevolence is a uniquely moral phenomenon. I argue, however, that our interpersonal practices display a range of instances of aesthetic benevolence, and that this observation stands to enrich our understanding of the relation between moral psychology, aesthetic experience and aesthetic community. I illustrate this point via discussion of the evaluative attitude that is the fitting response to being the target of another's manifestation of aesthetic benevolence, namely aesthetic gratitude.
JointLIME: An interpretation method for machine learning survival models with endogenous time‐varying covariates in credit scoring
Authors: Chen Yujia , Calabrese Raffaella , Martin‐Barragan Belen 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn this work, we introduce JointLIME, a novel interpretation method for explaining black‐box survival (BBS) models with endogenous time‐varying covariates (TVCs). Existing interpretation methods, like SurvLIME, are limited to BBS models only with time‐invariant covariates. To fill this gap, JointLIME leverages the Local Interpretable Model‐agnostic Explanations (LIME) framework to apply the joint model to approximate the survival functions predicted by the BBS model in a local area around a new individual. To achieve this, JointLIME minimizes the distances between survival functions predicted by the black‐box survival model and those derived from the joint model. The outputs of this minimization problem are the coefficient values of each covariate in the joint model, serving as explanations to quantify their impact on survival predictions. JointLIME uniquely incorporates endogenous TVCs using a spline‐based model coupled with the Monte Carlo method for precise estimations within any specified prediction period. These estimations are then integrated to formulate the joint model in the optimization problem. We illustrate the explanation results of JointLIME using a US mortgage data set and compare them with those of SurvLIME.
Volunteerism, redistribution and gender
Authors: Sessions John G. , Zangelidis Alexandros 
Published: November 2024

AbstractWe explore whether, and to what extent, individuals respond to increased transitory or permanent inequality in regional income by offering more unpaid voluntary work. We find strong evidence that women, but not men, are more likely to supply such work, both at the extensive and intensive margin, if they live in areas that experience persistently high‐income inequality. Our analysis might be interpreted as suggesting that women are intrinsically inequality averse, and may regard voluntary work as a way of achieving a more equitable income distribution.
Synergistic Effects of Concurrent Aerobic and Strength Training on Fitness in Children and Adolescents: A Multivariate and Network Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Li Zhen , Qi Yuqing , Chen Xiaoke , Li Jian , Zhang Jinxi , Li Peiyuan , Zhou Zhixiong 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThe decline in fitness levels among children and adolescents underscores the urgent need for effective exercise interventions. Aerobic endurance training (ET) and resistance training (RT) are vital for physical development in this demographic. This study employs multivariate and network meta‐analysis (NMA) to assess the impact of concurrent training (CT), which integrates both ET and RT, on youth physical fitness. The objective is to identify the distinct advantages of CT over either ET or RT alone, emphasizing demographic and training‐specific variables. A systematic literature review of publications from 1980 onward was conducted through ISI Web of Science, PubMed/MEDLINE, and SPORTDiscus databases, adhering to the PICOS criteria for study selection. Data were analyzed using univariate, multivariate, and network meta‐analyses in Stata 17.0, focusing on cardiorespiratory fitness and muscular strength. The methodological quality and risk of bias were evaluated using the PEDro scale and Egger's test, along with sensitivity analyses and meta‐regression to explore heterogeneity and publication bias. This analysis included 36 studies with 2658 participants (mean age: 14.32 ± 2.29 years) from an initial 11 074 publications, indicating low bias risk (PEDro scores ≥ 6). Univariate meta‐analysis showed no significant differences in maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) between CT and ET (standardized mean difference [SMD] = 0.01; 95% confidence interval [CI]: −0.23 to 0.25; p = 0.93). In contrast, CT significantly improved countermovement jump (CMJ) compared to RT alone (SMD = 0.19; 95% CI: 0.01–0.36; p = 0.04). Multivariate analysis confirmed notable enhancements in endurance and explosiveness for CT compared to ET or RT. NMA indicated significant improvements in lower limb strength, CMJ, and VO2max across interventions compared to controls, with the consecutive resistance training followed by ET (CRE) group yielding the most significant CMJ improvement (SMD = 0.27; 95% CI: 0.07–0.47). Isolated RT showed the highest lower limb strength improvement (SUCRA score 80.1%), while CRE excelled in CMJ advancements (SUCRA score 93.4%), and the CRED group (alternating ET and RT) led in VO2max improvements (SUCRA score 81.6%). Furthermore, high‐intensity interval training (HIIT) significantly enhanced VO2max compared to team sports. This meta‐analysis emphasizes the effectiveness of CT in improving muscle power and VO2max in children and adolescents, surpassing isolated ET or RT, and advocates for integrating ET and RT to optimize physical performance. Future research should explore the mechanisms underlying these enhancements.Trial Registration: PROSPERO registration number CRD42022368452
Evaluation of a direct lymphocyte proliferation test for the diagnosis of canine food allergies with delayed reactions after oral food challenge
Authors: Fernandez‐Lozano Carlos , Mas‐Fontao Ana , Auxilia Silvia T. , Welters Marie , Olivri¯ Alla , Mueller Ralf S. , Olivry Thierry 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundIn humans, food allergies (FAs) are divided into those with immunoglobulin (Ig) E‐mediated (immediate FA), cell‐mediated (delayed FA) or both mechanisms (mixed FA). In dogs, lymphocyte stimulation tests have the highest concordance with oral food challenges (OFCs).ObjectivesTo report the evaluation of a lymphocyte proliferation test (LPT) in dogs with FA and delayed reactions (≥6 h) after OFC.AnimalsThirty‐five healthy and 28 dogs with delayed FA.Materials and MethodsPeripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated and automatically counted before and after a 5‐day culture with food allergens. Stimulation indices (SIs) were then calculated. Food allergen‐specific IgE was quantified using the Pet Allergy Xplorer (PAX).ResultsNone of the 10 healthy laboratory beagles and 25 healthy pet dogs had an SI greater than the 3.0 cut‐off, indicating a specificity of 100%. All 28 dogs with delayed FA had at least one positive stimulation to a food item that induced delayed flares after OFC; the sensitivity of this LPT for the identification of delayed canine FA was 100%. The LPT correctly identified 57 of 68 food items causing delayed flares after OFC (84%). The PAX was negative for food‐specific IgE in 18 of the 28 dogs (64%), as expected for delayed FA. In three dogs (11%), PAX results overlapped with those of the LPT, suggesting a mixed FA.Conclusions and Clinical RelevanceFood allergies with delayed reactions after OFC—those suspected of having a cell‐mediated mechanism—seemed to be the most common type of FA in the studied dogs. The LPT was helpful in identifying such cases.
Species boundaries and phylogenetics of Aelia stink bugs (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) in China, with notes on mito‐nuclear discordance
Authors: Wang Ying , Zhu Xiuxiu , Dong Xue , Wang Kaibin , Yang Ruijuan , Zheng Chenguang , Bu Wenjun 
Published: November 2024

AbstractFive stink bugs, Aelia acuminata, A. fieberi, A. furcula, A. klugii and A. sibirica, are found in China and have similar morphologies. Due to the lack of molecular data, the species boundaries and phylogenetic relationships among these five species remain uncertain. In this study, we integrated mitochondrial DNA and nuclear single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) generated by double‐digest restriction site‐associated DNA sequencing (ddRAD‐seq) to perform species delimitation and phylogenetic analyses of the five Aelia species. Most species delimitation analyses based on the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene, mitochondrial genomes and nuclear SNPs yielded five molecular operational taxonomic units (MOTUs), which correspond well to the five Aelia species identified based on morphological characters. We obtained a clear mito‐nuclear discordance between the tree topologies based on mitochondrial genome and genome‐wide SNP data. The D‐statistic and TreeMix analysis suggested that introgression is the most likely cause of mito‐nuclear discordance in Aelia species, which requires confirmation through more extensive sampling and comprehensive data. This study provides the first molecular evidence of the species boundaries and phylogenetic relationships of these five Aelia stink bugs, which is crucial to our understanding of the biodiversity and evolution of Aelia species.
Adaptive Thermal History De-Identification for Privacy-Preserving Data Sharing of Directed Energy Deposition Processes
Authors: Bappy Mahathir Mohammad , Fullington Durant , Bian Linkan , Tian Wenmeng 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In collaborative additive manufacturing (AM), sharing process data across multiple users can provide small- to medium-sized manufacturers (SMMs) with enlarged training data for part certification, facilitating accelerated adoption of metal-based AM technologies. The aggregated data can be used to develop a process-defect model that is more precise, reliable, and adaptable. However, the AM process data often contains printing path trajectory information that can significantly jeopardize intellectual property (IP) protection when shared among different users. In this study, a new adaptive AM data de-identification method is proposed that aims to mask the printing trajectory information in the AM process data in the form of melt pool images. This approach integrates stochastic image augmentation (SIA) and adaptive surrogate image generation (ASIG) via tracking melt pool geometric changes to achieve a trade-off between AM process data privacy and utility. As a result, surrogate melt pool images are generated with perturbed printing directions. In addition, a convolutional neural network (CNN) classifier is used to evaluate the proposed method regarding privacy gain (i.e., changes in the accuracy of identifying printing orientations) and utility loss (i.e., changes in the ability to detect process anomalies). The proposed method is validated using data collected from two cylindrical specimens using the directed energy deposition (DED) process. The case study results show that the de-identified dataset significantly improved privacy preservation while sacrificing little data utility, once shared on the cloud-based AM system for collaborative process-defect modeling.
Singularity Analysis Method of Multi-Loop Coupling Mechanism Using Geometric Algebra
Authors: Xiao Yu , Xu Lingmin , Zheng Guochang , Li Qinchuan , Chai Xinxue 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Multi-loop coupling mechanisms (MCMs) have been widely used in aerospace engineering, architectural design, and outdoor activities. This paper proposes a general method for analyzing the singularities of MCMs using geometric algebra. The limbs of MCM can be divided into basic limbs and coupling limbs. For independent basic limbs, constraint space can be obtained directly by outer product and dual operator. For basic limbs coupled with closed-loops in an MCM, the modified constraint space can be obtained by analyzing each coupled single closed-loop. The singular polynomial of the MCM is obtained from the join of all the basic limb constraint space, which can be calculated by the outer operator. The singular polynomial is analyzed to obtain all singular configurations in the global coordinate system. The proposed method has the advantages of simple computation and clear physical significance. Furthermore, three MCM examples of different couple types are used to demonstrate the correctness of this method.
Design Optimization of a Shell-and-Tube Heat Exchanger Based on Variable Baffle Cuts and Sizing
Authors: Tayyab Muhammad , Awan Daniyal Ahsen , Shah Ajmal 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This article investigates the optimization of a shell-and-tube heat exchanger design through the optimization of baffle spacing and cut. This study focuses on the impact of baffle spacing (20–35%) and baffle cut percentage (20–35%) on heat transfer performance while considering the effect of the presence or the absence of seals. This study aims to optimize the heat exchanger design by using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to reduce the pressure drop and increase the heat transfer. Studying the flow in heat exchangers is challenging due to its complex physics, especially in nonstandard geometries or novel fluid systems, which makes traditional methods relatively less accurate compared to modern approaches. The following fluid is so far uninvestigated for CFD analysis of heat exchangers: a mixture of 80% ethanol and 20% water is used as the tube-side fluid and water is used as the shell-side fluid. The Bell–Delaware method is employed for initial thermal analysis, followed by CFD simulations using ansys fluent to assess the influence of design modifications on heat transfer efficiency and pressure drop. The presence of seals is shown to improve the heat transfer efficiency by about 10.9% compared to the case when seals are absent, while optimal baffle spacing and baffle cuts are able to increase the efficiency of the heat exchanger by about 110% not inclusive of the effect of seals. Our findings show that the performance of a shell-and-tube heat exchanger is improved dramatically by the addition of seals and optimal selection of baffle cut and spacing.