bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Louisville Twin Study: Past, Present and Future
Authors: Davis Deborah W. , Turkheimer Eric , Finkel Deborah , Beam Christopher , Ryan Lesa 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe Louisville Twin Study (LTS) is nationally recognized as one of the largest and most comprehensive studies of child development related to multiple birth status. The LTS is unique because of the extensive longitudinal face-to-face assessments, the frequency of data collection, the inclusion of data on additional family members (i.e., parents, siblings, grandparents; and later, twins’ own spouses and children), and the variety of data collection methods used. Data preservation efforts began in 2008 and are largely complete, although efforts are ongoing to obtain funding to convert the electronic data to a newer format. A pilot study was completed in the summer of 2018 to bring the twins, who are now middle-aged, back for testing. A grant is currently under review to extend the pilot study to include all former participants who are now ≥40 years of age. Opportunities for collaboration are welcome.
Preemergence herbicide delays the critical time of weed removal in popcorn
Authors: Barnes Ethann R. , Knezevic Stevan Z. , Lawrence Nevin C. , Irmak Suat , Rodriguez Oscar , Jhala Amit J. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractUnderstanding the critical time of weed removal (CTWR) is necessary for designing effective weed management programs in popcorn production that do not result in yield reduction. The objective of this study was to determine the CTWR in popcorn with and without a premix of atrazine and S-metolachlor applied PRE. Field experiments were conducted at the University of Nebraska–Lincoln, South Central Agricultural Laboratory near Clay Center, NE in 2017 and 2018. The experiment was laid out in a split-plot design with PRE herbicide as the main plot and weed removal timing as the subplot. Main plots included no herbicide or atrazine/S-metolachlor applied PRE. Subplot treatments included a weed-free control, a non-treated control, and weed removal timing at V3, V6, V9, V15, and R1 popcorn growth stages and then kept weed free throughout the season. A four-parameter log-logistic function was fitted to percentage popcorn yield loss and growing degree days separately to each main plot. The number of growing degree days, when 5% yield loss was achieved, was extracted from the model and compared between main plots. The CTWR was from the V4 to V5 popcorn growth stage in absence of PRE herbicide. With atrazine/S-metolachlor applied PRE, the CTWR was delayed until V10 to V15. It is concluded that, to avoid yield loss, weeds must be controlled before the V4 popcorn growth stage when no PRE herbicide is applied, and PRE herbicide, such as atrazine/S-metolachlor in this study, can delay the CTWR until the V10 growth stage.
Pseudoxanthoma elasticum – also a microvascular	disease
Authors: Stumpf Max Jonathan , Mahn Thorsten , Steinmetz Martin , Fimmers Rolf , Pizarro Carmen , Nickenig Georg , Skowasch Dirk , Schahab Nadjib , Schaefer Christian Alexander 
Published: July 2019

Summary: Background: Pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE) is a heritable recessive disease characterized by calcification and fragmentation of soft connective tissue. Besides progressive loss of vision, alternations of the skin, and early-onset atherosclerosis different reports have suggested a microvascular manifestation of PXE and restrictive lung disease. Aim of this study was to elaborate a specific pattern of capillary alterations in PXE as well as to contemplate a possible connection to restrictive lung disease. Patients and methods: 53 consecutive patients with PXE and 26 controls were studied. All patients underwent nailfold capillaroscopy, body plethysmography, capillary blood gas analysis, and venous puncture to assess titer of autoantibodies. Results: PXE was associated with highly pathological alterations of capillaries compared to control. Atypical capillaries, such as ramifications and bushy forms, as well as dilatations varied at highest significance (p < .001). This effect was mirrored by perivascular edema, density and tortuous capillaries. Titer of anti-nuclear autoantibodies were not elevated in patients with PXE. Further analysis revealed negative correlation between vital capacity and presence of atypical capillaries. Conclusions: This study firstly describes the pattern of nailfold capillaries in PXE. Capillaries are highly pathological and consist of ramifications and bushy forms as well as dilatations. Frequently, tortuous capillaries, pericapillary edema and reduced denseness of capillary loops occur. Frequency of atypical capillaries is negatively correlated with vital capacity which can be interpreted as further lead on restrictive lung disease.
Magnetic Field Oscillations Observed by Swarm Satellites in the Nightside Upper Ionosphere During Low‐Latitude Pi2 Pulsations
Authors: Kim Khan‐Hyuk , Park Jae‐Hee , Lee Dong‐Hun , Lysak Robert , Kwon Hyuck‐Jin , Hwang Junga 
Published: July 2019

AbstractPi2 oscillations (40–150 s) in the nightside upper ionosphere are studied using magnetic field data acquired by multiple Swarm spacecraft in low‐Earth orbit and at the low‐latitude Bohyun (BOH, L = 1.3) station on 22 October 2014. Four Pi2 events were identified from the BOH data near midnight (magnetic local time = 1.5 hr), while Swarm‐A, Swarm‐B, and Swarm‐C spacecraft were orbiting in the premidnight (magnetic local time = 21–22 hr) meridian from 70° to −60° in magnetic latitude at ∼450‐ to 500‐km altitudes. Unlike previous low‐Earth orbit studies, which used a single point observation, the latitudinal structure of the amplitude and phase of ionospheric magnetic field perturbations can be determined by simultaneous multipoint observations along the latitude at a constant radial distance. We observed that the horizontal H component of BOH data is well correlated with the compressional (Bz) component of ionospheric magnetic fields when Swarm spacecraft were at |magnetic latitude|  < 30° with or without an accompanying ionospheric field perturbation in the radial (Bx) component, depending on the latitude of the spacecraft. It is found that the phase and amplitude relationship between Bx and Bz along the latitude is consistent with the model ionospheric field perturbations at 500‐km altitude, which are associated with a plasmaspheric resonance excited in a dipole numerical simulation. This indicates that the latitudinal variation of the ionospheric Pi2 pulsations in both Bx and Bz components is the consequence of the spatial mode structure in the north‐south direction of trapped fast mode waves inside the plasmasphere.
22‐kyr‐Long Record of Surface Faulting Along the Source of the 30 October 2016 Earthquake (Central Apennines, Italy), From Integrated Paleoseismic Data Sets
Authors: Cinti F. R. , De Martini P. M. , Pantosti D. , Baize S. , Smedile A. , Villani F. , Civico R. , Pucci S. , Lombardi A. M. , Sapia V. , Pizzimenti L. , Caciagli M. , Brunori C. A. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractWe integrate paleoseismic data sets along the Mt. Vettore‐Mt. Bove normal fault system rupturing at the surface in the 30 October 2016 Norcia earthquake. Through the analysis of new trenches from this work and a review of the preexisting data, we correlate events among trench sites along antithetic and synthetic fault splays. We recognize seven M 6.5, 2016 Norcia‐type (or larger) surface‐faulting events in the last ~22 kyr, including 2016. Before 2016, one event occurred in the past two millennia (260–575 CE) and possibly corresponds to the event damaging Rome in 443 or 484/508 CE. Three previous events occurred between 10590 and 415 BCE, whereas the two oldest ones date between 19820 and 16540 BCE. The average recurrence time is 3,360–3,640 years for the last ~22 kyr and 1,220–1,970 years for the last ~4 kyr. We infer a minimum dip‐slip rate of 0.26–0.38 mm/year on the master fault in the central portion of the Mt. Vettore–Mt. Bove normal fault system and a dip‐slip rate of at least 0.10 mm/year on the southernmost portion. We infer a Middle–Late Pleistocene inception of the long‐term scarp of the investigated splays. The along‐strike variation of slip rates well reproduces the trend of the 2016 surface slip; thus, the time window exposed in the trenches is representative for the present fault activity. Based on trenching data, different earthquake rupture scenarios should be also considered for local hazard assessment.
GLI1 activation by non-classical pathway integrin αvβ3/ERK1/2 maintains stem cell-like phenotype of multicellular aggregates in gastric cancer peritoneal metastasis
Authors: Dong Hui , Liu Hongchang , Zhou Wen , Zhang Fan , Li Chuan , Chen Jun , Tan Chenjun , Tang Bo , Yu Peiwu 
Published: July 2019

AbstractPeritoneal metastasis is one of the most important causes of postoperative death in patients with gastric cancer, and the exact mechanism remains unclear. The proliferation of multicellular aggregates of exfoliated malignant gastric cells in the abdominal cavity is the focus of current research. However, the mechanism how gastric cancer multicellular aggregates survive remains unclear. In this study, we demonstrated that multicellular aggregates of exfoliated gastric cancer cells in the abdominal cavity expressed a stem cell-Like phenotype. We found that Integrin αvβ3not only mediated adhesion of gastric cancer multicellular aggregates to form independent functional units, but also maintained their stem cell-like phenotype by the non-classical pathway Integrin αvβ3/ERK1/2/GLI1. In addition, ERK1/2 directly regulates the transcriptional activity of GLI1. GLI1 is a key effector of the Integrin αvβ3pathway in regulating stem cell-like phenotype in multicellular aggregates. Our data indicates that although there is a crosstalk between the non-classical Integrin αvβ3pathway and the classical Hedgehog pathway, the activation of GLI1 is almost independent of the Hedgehog pathway in multicellular aggregates of gastric cancer cells. Our study provides a basis for blocking GLI1 activity in the prevention and treatment of peritoneal metastases of gastric cancer.
An ultra-compact leaky-integrate-and-fire model for building spiking neural networks
Authors: Rozenberg M. J. , Schneegans O. , Stoliar P. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractWe introduce an ultra-compact electronic circuit that realizes the leaky-integrate-and-fire model of artificial neurons. Our circuit has only three active devices, two transistors and a silicon controlled rectifier (SCR). We demonstrate the implementation of biologically realistic features, such as spike-frequency adaptation, a refractory period and voltage modulation of spiking rate. All characteristic times can be controlled by the resistive parameters of the circuit. We built the circuit with out-of-the-shelf components and demonstrate that our ultra-compact neuron is a modular block that can be associated to build multi-layer deep neural networks. We also argue that our circuit has low power requirements, as it is normally off except during spike generation. Finally, we discuss the ultimate ultra-compact limit, which may be achieved by further replacing the SCR circuit with Mott materials.
PACES: prediction of N4-acetylcytidine (ac4C) modification sites in mRNA
Authors: Zhao Wanqing , Zhou Yiran , Cui Qinghua , Zhou Yuan 
Published: July 2019

AbstractN4-acetylcytidine (ac4C) is a highly conserved RNA modification and is the first acetylation event described in mRNA. ac4C in mRNA has been demonstrated to be involved in the regulation of mRNA stability, processing and translation, but the exact means by which ac4C works remain unclear. In addition, ac4C is widely distributed within the human transcriptome at physiologically relevant levels and so far only a small fraction of modified sequences have been detected by experiments. In this study, we developed a predictor of ac4C sites in human mRNA named PACES to help mining possible modified motifs. PACES combines two random forest classifiers, position-specific dinucleotide sequence profile and K-nucleotide frequencies. With genomic sequences as input, PACES gives possible modified sequences based on the training model. PACES is freely available at http://www.rnanut.net/paces/.
Quercetin modulates signaling pathways and induces apoptosis in cervical cancer cells
Authors: Kedhari Sundaram Madhumitha , Raina Ritu , Afroze Nazia , Bajbouj Khuloud , Hamad Mawieh , Haque Shafiul , Hussain Arif 
Published: July 2019

AbstractCancer cells have the unique ability to overcome natural defense mechanisms, undergo unchecked proliferation and evade apoptosis. While chemotherapeutic drugs address this, they are plagued by a long list of side effects and have a poor success rate. This has spurred researchers to identify safer bioactive compounds that possess chemopreventive and therapeutic properties. A wide range of experimental as well as epidemiological data encourage the use of dietary agents to impede or delay different stages of cancer. In the present study, we have examined the anti-ancer property of ubiquitous phytochemical quercetin by using cell viability assay, flow cytometry, nuclear morphology, colony formation, scratch wound assay, DNA fragmentation and comet assay. Further, qPCR analysis of various genes involved in apoptosis, cell cycle regulation, metastasis and different signal transduction pathways was performed. Proteome profiler was used to quantitate the expression of several of these proteins. We find that quercetin decreases cell viability, reduces colony formation, promotes G2-M cell cycle arrest, induces DNA damage and encourages apoptosis. Quercetin induces apoptosis via activating both apoptotic pathways with a stronger effect of the extrinsic pathway relying on the combined power of TRAIL, FASL and TNF with up-regulation of caspases and pro-apoptotic genes. Quercetin could inhibit anti-apoptotic proteins by docking studies. Further, quercetin blocks PI3K, MAPK and WNT pathways. Anticancer effect of quercetin observed in cell-based assays were corroborated by molecular biology studies and yielded valuable mechanistic information. Quercetin appears to be a promising candidate with chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic potential and warrants further research.
O-Annulation Leading to Five-, Six-, and Seven-Membered Cyclic Diaryl Ethers Involving C–H Cleavage
Authors: Rossignon Alexandre , Bonifazi Davide 
Published: July 2019

Cyclic diaryl ethers are present in multiple natural compounds, organic pollutants as well as in π-conjugated organic molecular materials. This short review aims at overviewing the main synthetic advances in the O-annulation methods for preparing five-, six-, and seven-membered rings through C–H cleavage.1	Introduction2	Five-Membered Rings: The Dibenzofuran (DBF) Motif2.1	Palladium-Catalysed C–H Activation2.2	Copper-Catalysed C–H Activation2.3	Non-CH Activation Oxidant-Mediated Cyclisation2.4	Light-Mediated Cyclisation2.5	Acid-catalysed C–O Cleavage/C–O Formation3	Six-Membered Rings: DBX, PXX, Xanthone, and Their Derivatives3.1	Dibenzoxanthene (DBX)3.2	Peri-Xanthenoxanthene (PXX)3.3	Xanthones3.4	Miscellaneous4	Seven-Membered Rings: Cularine5	Conclusion
A Sardinian Family with Factor XI Deficiency
Authors: Barcellona Doris , Favuzzi Giovanni , Vannini Maria Luigia , Piras Sebastiana Maria , Ruberto Maria Filomena , Grandone Elvira , Marongiu Francesco 
Published: July 2019

Introduction Factor XI (FXI) deficiency is a bleeding disorder which causes a bleeding tendency after trauma or surgery. An inhibitor may be acquired secondary to replacement therapy.
Aim To study on genetical and functional grounds a family admitted to our Haemostasis and Thrombosis Centre for an incidental finding of a prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) in three members.
Methods aPTT mixing test, dosage of FXI activity and antigen, FXI inhibitor titration, DNA analysis and clot waveform analysis (CWA) were performed.
Results Patients II.1, II.3 and II.4 showed a severe FXI deficiency (0.7, 0.7 and 1.8%, respectively) and low antigen level. Since the proposita was already treated with plasma, the dosage of the inhibitor was determined to be 6.4 Bethesda units. They were homozygous for the p.Glu117Stop mutation. The other family members were heterozygous. The velocity and the maximum acceleration of the clot formation were lower than those of the other family members and the normal subjects but higher than those of patients with acquired haemophilia A.
Conclusion A mixing test of a prolonged aPTT should be performed because it will be present both in patients with or without the inhibitor. A molecular analysis in severe FXI deficiency is warranted as it may have prognostic significance. CWA may be helpful for better understanding the pathophysiology of this kind of defect.
Continuous EEG Monitoring in Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Patil Anuja , Vooturi Sudhindra , Jayalakshmi Sita 
Published: July 2019

AbstractTrends of electroencephalogram (EEG) over 24 to 48 hours can help in prognostication in patients. Continuous electroencephalography (cEEG) allows for “real-time” bedside evaluation of cerebral function and can help to monitor patients in intensive care units. Lack of expertise in interpretation of the long-term EEG patterns and controversies in treatment implications have restricted the widespread use of this modality. This review summarizes the indications, techniques, duration, and pitfalls in cEEG monitoring. Compared with routine planned EEG, use of cEEG monitoring increases the sensitivity to detect nonconvulsive seizures (NCS) or nonconvulsive status epilepticus (NCSE) in unresponsive patients with no or subtle clinical signs of seizures. cEEG helps in reducing the overall intensive care unit (ICU) stay by timely detection of possible ischemic or ictal insults, alleviating the need for costlier imaging tests, and by precise drug adjustment in case of SE. However, standardization of the technical terms for wider applicability is needed. Analysis of automated computerized assays in seizure detection and their clinical role and addressing the technical aspects in long-term recordings should be evaluated; cEEG is gaining an important role in the multiparametric neuro-critical care units. Development of defined guidelines for the indications and application of cEEG, technological advances, and ongoing refinements are expected to enhance its utility in clinical practice.
Secretion Management in Tracheostomized Infants using Unconventional Approaches and Outcomes: A Case Series
Authors: Shah Hevil , Jadcherla Sudarshan R. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Objective This study aimed to increase the understanding of secretion management in infants with tracheostomies. In this case series, we describe objective evidence for an unconventional approach in infants refractory to conventional management techniques.
Study Design Case study of two NICU infants utilizing high-resolution manometry was undertaken using personalized oral stimulation protocols with fruity foods.
Results Oral stimulation improved infant swallowing to clear secretions and reduce the need for suctioning.
Conclusion Innovative oral stimulation protocols are needed to improve swallowing in high-risk infants.
The Characteristics and Outcomes of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation within the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Based on Gestational Age and Unit Level of Care
Authors: Ahmad Kaashif A. , Velasquez Steven G. , Kohlleppel Katy L. , Henderson Cody L. , Stine Christina N. , LeVan Jaclyn M. , Bhalala Utpal S. 
Published: July 2019

Objectives This study aimed to describe the variation of in-neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) characteristics and outcomes across different gestational ages and levels of NICU care.
Study Design This is a retrospective cohort study of in-NICU CPR events across 10 NICUs in San Antonio, TX from 2012 through 2017.
Results We identified 140 patients experiencing a total of 210 in-NICU CPR events. CPR was performed in 0.23% of Level III and 0.85% of Level IV NICU admissions. Gestational age was inversely related to CPR incidence. The median age at in-NICU CPR was lower for preterm versus term infants (6 vs. 28 days, p = 0.002). With regression modeling, each added minute of chest compression decreased the odds of return to spontaneous circulation by 11%.
Conclusion In-NICU CPR incidence rises with decreasing gestational age and increasing level of NICU care. The rate of return of spontaneous circulation decreases significantly with increasing duration of chest compressions. Further study is needed to identify patient factors associated with adverse outcome.
Simulation of generation of ultrashort pulses in a laser based on the nonlinear polarisation evolution in two segments of a polarisation-maintaining fibre
Authors: Bychkov I.N. , Baranov A.I. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
A model describing generation of ultrashort optical pul­ses in a fibre cavity with Kerr nonlinearity and normal dispersion is constructed based on numerical solution of a nonlinear Schrödinger equation. The model makes it possible to investigate the specific features of pulsed generation of a passively mode-locked laser bas­ed on the effect of nonlinear polarisation evolution (NPE) in two segments of a polarisation-maintaining (PM) fibre. It is shown theoretically that the proposed scheme may provide generation of linearly chirped optical pulses with a spectral width of above 25 nm and a centre wavelength of 1030 nm.
Polymer dye laser pumped with green semiconductor lasers
Authors: Burdukova O.A. , Dolotov S.M. , Petukhov V.A. , Semenov M.A. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
We report the results of experiments on quasi-longitudinal pumping of a polymer dye laser by two green ( λ = 513 nm) pulsed laser diodes. The lasing thresholds, efficiency, and photostability of pyrromethenes in various polymers are studied. The efficiency of dye lasers based on pyrromethene 567 and pyrromethene 580 with a three-mirror cavity with partial astigmatism compensation exceeds 20 %.
Effect of laser radiation on the gamma activity of aqueous salt solutions containing 152Eu
Authors: Barmina E.V. , Simakin A.V. , Stegailov V.I. , Tyutyunnikov S.I. , Shafeev G.A. , Shcherbakov I.A. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
We report an experimental study of the effect of laser irradiation of aqueous salt solutions containing the 152Eu isotope in the presence of nickel nanoparticles on the gamma activity of the isotope. Nickel nanoparticles are generated using laser ablation of the target in water and added to the radionuclide solution before irradiation. Two types of Nd : YAG lasers with a pulse duration of 10 ns and different repetition rates are used to irradiate the solutions. It is found that the 152Eu activity as a result of repeated irradiation of solutions by a series of pulses decreases with each irradiation cycle. The obtained results are compared with data on the effect of maser radiation with a wavelength of 8 mm on the activity of the same isotope. Possible mechanisms of the effect of electromagnetic radiation on the 152Eu gamma activity are discussed.
Reconciliation as a political discourse in Thailand’s current conflicts
Authors: Satidporn Wichuda , Thananithichot Stithorn 
Published: July 2019

AbstractWhy do Thai governments fail in maintaining peace through conducting a reconciliation process? This article answers this question through an assessment of how the term reconciliation has been defined and used by the Thai governments and political leaders during the past decades. This article finds that the political conflicts in Thailand have never been solved because several times, reconciliation in the Thai language is a term that has been dynamically interpreted and applied by leaders of the conflicting groups as a means to defeat the people of the opposing groups rather that a means of resolving problems and reconciling society.