bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Correlation between separate findings in 60 dogs suffering from CKD in IRIS stage 1
Authors: Nolte Ingo , Sehn Maximiliane Gabriele , Bach Jan-Peter 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background

The International Renal Interest Society (IRIS) reports guidelines for classification and therapy for dogs suffering from chronic kidney disease (CKD). Dogs in stage 1 show no elevated serum creatinine, but some other sign of kidney disease like elevated Symmetric Dimethylarginin (SDMA), proteinuria, low urine specific gravity or abnormalities in the sonography of the kidneys. Objective of this study was to access the correlation between inclusion criteria and to give an estimation whether a more detailed staging or a substaging for patients with elevated SDMA levels might be useful regarding possible treatment recommendations.

Results

Sixty patients in IRIS stage 1 were included into the study. Most of these dogs were included due to raised SDMA level (n=22) or sonographic abnormalities of the kidneys (n=16). In order to rank and compare results of ultrasonography, a sonography score was developed. Additionally, results from blood work, urinalysis, ultrasonography and in some cases glomerular filtration rate (GFR) were examined. Correlation analysis showed positive correlation between creatinine and urea and negative correlation between creatinine and urinary protein-to-creatinine ratio (Up/c). Between SDMA, phosphate, urine specific gravity and sonographic findings there is no dependency with any other examined parameter.

Conclusion

Results showed that patients in IRIS stage 1 are a heterogeneous group and giving precise treatment recommendation might be challenging. If future studies will suggest treatment in this stage of CKD, such as renal diet, a more detailed classification is needed.
Transcriptome signature of the lactation process in a fat-tailed sheep identifies with integrative approach of RNA-Seq and Supervised Machine Learning models
Authors: Farhadian Mohammad , Rafat Seyed Abbas , Panahi Bahman , Ebrahimie Esmaeil 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background

The mammary gland is a vital organ in mammalian that undergoes a substantial physiological transformation during the lactation process. Understanding the underlying molecular mechanism of the lactation process in the mammary gland is essential to unravel of the complexity of milk production process. This study was investigated the transcriptome profiles of milk between two time point of lactation (day 20 as before peak time point (BF) and day 70 as after peak(AF)) in Iranian fat-tailed Ghezel sheep breed. Functional impacts of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between two time points of the lactation were surveyed with Gene Ontology (GO) and Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI) network analysis. Moreover, to identify the transcriptome signature of the lactation process, supervised machine learning algorithms were integrated.

Results

Totally, 75 genes were defined as DEGs between BF and AF of lactation. Gene ontology of DEGs mainly enriched in metabolic process and oxidative phosphorylation. Moreover, PPI networks analysis highlighted the contribution of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR) signaling in the lactation process, oxidative phosphorylation and metabolic pathways. These pathways mainly involved in the quality of dairy products and energy generation for milk production. Dissection of DEGs also indicated that the genes encoding for caseins, whey proteins, and enzymes lactose synthesis are dominantly up-regulated after the lactation peak. More interestingly, the genes involved in fat metabolism dominantly down-regulated after the lactation peak. Contribution of nineteen DEGs such as HNRNPA2, CHCHD2, COX1, COX2, GTF3C3, and MRPL11 has verified with more than seven attribute ranking algorithms, which are being proposed as a signature of the lactation process in Ghezel sheep.

Conclusions

The results of this study highlighted the energy generation, development of immunity, and activation of the immune system in lactation process. To best of our knowledge, this is the first study comparing the underlying mechanism of Ghezel sheep before and after the lactation peak and provides new insight regarding the transcriptional responses for the lactation process.
In vivo model to study the impact of genetic variation on clinical outcome of mastitis in dairy heifers
Authors: Rohmeier Laura , Petzl Wolfram , Koy Mirja , Eickhoff Tordis , Hülsebusch Alina , Jander Sebastian , Macias Laura , Heimes Annika , Engelmann Susanne , Hoedemaker Martina , Seyfert Hans-Martin , Kühn Christa , Schuberth Hans-Joachim , Zerbe Holm , Meyerholz Marie Margarete 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Title: In vivo model to study the impact of genetic variation on clinical outcome of mastitis in dairy heifers

Background: In dairy herds, mastitis causes detrimental economic losses. Genetic selection offers a sustainable tool to select animals with reduced susceptibility towards postpartum diseases. Studying underlying mechanisms is important to assess the physiological processes that cause differences between selected haplotypes. Therefore, the objective of this study was to establish an in vivo infection model to study the impact of selecting for alternative paternal haplotypes in a particular genomic region on cattle chromosome 18 for mastitis susceptibility under defined conditions in dairy heifers.

Results: At the start of pathogen challenge, no significant differences between the favorable (Q) and unfavorable (q) haplotypes were detected. Intramammary infection (IMI) with Staphylococcus aureus 1027 (S. aureus, n = 24, 96 h) or Escherichia coli 1303 (E. coli, n = 12, 24 h) was successfully induced in all heifers. This finding was confirmed by clinical signs of mastitis and repeated recovery of the respective pathogen from milk samples of challenged quarters in each heifer. After S. aureus challenge, Q-heifers showed lower somatic cell counts 24 h and 36 h after challenge (P < 0.05), lower bacterial shedding in milk 12 h after challenge (P < 0.01) and a minor decrease in total milk yield 12 h and 24 h after challenge (P < 0.01) compared to q-heifers.

Conclusion: An in vivo infection model to study the impact of genetic selection for mastitis susceptibility under defined conditions in dairy heifers was successfully established and revealed significant differences between the two genetically selected haplotype groups. This result might explain their differences in susceptibility towards IMI. These clinical findings form the basis for further in-depth molecular analysis to clarify the underlying genetic mechanisms for mastitis resistance.

Keywords: Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, BTA18, genetic selection, haplotype, intramammary infection model, somatic cell count, mastitis
Mental distress, perceived need and barriers to receive professional mental health care among university students
Authors: Negash Assegid , Ahmed Matloob , Medhin Girmay , Wondimagegn Dawit , Araya Mesfin 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Abstract
Context: There is limited evidence on the extent of the perceived need for professional mental health care and barriers to the delivery of mental distress services among university students in low and middle-income countries. Objective: The current study was designed to assess the prevalence of mental distress, perceived need for professional mental health care and barriers to the delivery of the service for regular undergraduate university students. Methods: A multi-stage sampling technique was used to recruit 1135 regular undergraduate university students. Symptoms of mental distress were evaluated using the Self-Reported Questionnaire (SRQ-20) and a score of eight and above was used to identify positive cases. The perceived need for professional mental health care was assessed using one question with binary responses, whereas barriers to mental health care were assessed using Barriers to Access to Care Evaluation (BACE-30) tool. The association of demographic variables with total mean scores of BACE-III sub-scales was modeled using multiple linear regression. Results: The prevalence of mental distress symptoms was 34.6% and the perceived need for professional mental health care was 70.5%. The top five barriers to receiving professional mental health service were (a) thinking the problem would get better by itself, (b) being unsure where to go to get professional care, (c) wanting to solve the problem by own, (d) denying mental health problem, and (e) preferring to get alternative forms of mental care. Conclusions: The high prevalence of mental distress, mental health care gap, and the report of barriers to professional mental health care among Ethiopian regular undergraduate students is a call for action.
Keywords: Mental distress, Perceived need, Barrier, and Professional mental health care.
Psychosocial, Behavioral and Clinical correlates of children with overweight and obesity
Authors: Thaker Vidhu V , Osganian Stavroula K. , de Ferranti Sarah D. , Sonneville Kendrin R. , Cheng Jennifer K. , Feldman Henry A. , Richmond Tracy K. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background

Psychological and behavioral correlates are considered important in the development and persistence of obesity in both adults and youth. This study aimed to identify such features in youth with severe obesity (BMI ≥ 120% of 95th percentile of sex-specific BMI-for-age) compared to those with overweight or non-severe obesity.

Methods

Youth with BMI ≥ 85th percentile were invited to participate in a prospective research registry where data was collected on attributes such as family characteristics, eating behaviors, dietary intake, physical activity, perception of health and mental well-being, and cardiometabolic parameters.

Results

In a racially/ethnically diverse cohort of 105 youth (65% female, median age 16.1 years, range 4.62-25.5), 51% had severe obesity. The body fat percent increased with the higher levels of obesity. There were no differences in the self-reported frequency of intake of sugar sweetened beverages or fresh produce across the weight categories. However, the participants with severe obesity reported higher levels of emotional eating and eating when bored (p=0.022), levels of stress (p =0.013), engaged in fewer sports or organized activities (p=0.044), and had suboptimal perception of health (p=0.053). Asthma, depression and obstructive sleep apnea were more frequently reported in youth with severe obesity. The presence of abnormal HDL, HOMA-IR, CRP and multiple cardiometabolic risk factors were more common among youth with severe obesity.

Conclusions

Youth with severe obesity have identifiable differences in psychosocial and behavioral attributes that can be used to develop targeted intervention strategies to improve their health.
First Insights on Value-Based Healthcare of Elders Using ICHOM Older Person Standard Set Reporting
Authors: Lee Wei-Ju , Peng Li-Ning , Lin Chi-Hung , Lin Shinn-Zong , Loh Ching-Hui , Kao Sheng-Lun , Hung Tzu-Shing , Chang Chia-Yun , Huang Chun-Feng , Tang Ting-Ching , Chen Liang-Kung 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background: Clinical guidelines for specific conditions fragment care provision for elders. The International Consortium for Health Outcomes Measurement (ICHOM) has developed a global standard set of outcome measures for comprehensive assessment of older persons. The goal of this study was to report value-based health metrics in Taiwan using this ICHOM toolset.
Methods: The cross-sectional study of baseline data excerpted from a prospective longitudinal cohort, which recruited people ≥65 years old with ≥3 chronic medical conditions who received value-based healthcare services between July and December 2018. All participants received measurements of physical performance, anthropometric characteristics, health-related behaviors, Charlson Comorbidity Index, and Montreal Cognitive Assessment. The ICHOM toolset comprises three tiers: 1 includes frailty and having chosen a preferred place of death; 2 includes polypharmacy, falls, and participation in decision-making; and 3 includes loneliness, activities of daily living, pain, depression, and walking speed. These items were converted into a 0–10 point value-based healthcare score, with high value-based health status defined as ≥8/10 points.
Results: Frequencies of individual ICHOM indicators were: frail 11.7%, chose preferred place of death 14.4%, polypharmacy 31.5%, fell 17.1%, participated in decision-making 81.6%, loneliness 26.8%, limited activities of daily living 22.4, pain 10.4%, depressed mood 13.0%, and slowness 38.5%. People with high disease severity (OR 0.40, 95% CI 0.21–0.76, p=0.005) or cognitive impairment (OR 0.49, 95%CI 0.27–0.87, p=0.014) were less likely to have high value-based healthcare status.
Conclusions: The ICHOM Standard Set Older Person health outcome measures provide an opportunity to shift from a disease-centric medical paradigm to patient-focused goals. This study identified advanced age, chronic disease and cognitive impairment as important barriers to achieving high value-based healthcare status.
Estimating Nutrient Uptake Requirements for Potatoes Based on QUEFTS Analysis in China
Authors: Xu Yaxin , He Ping , Xu Xinpeng , Qiu Shaojun , Ullah Sami , Gao Qiang , Zhou Wei 
Published: July 2019

Excessive or imbalanced fertilization has not only decreased nutrient use efficiency, but also degraded arable land and posed a great threat to the environment. In this study, the datasets were collected from field experiments for the period 1992 to 2017 in the main potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) production regions of China. We used the Quantitative Evaluation of the Fertility of Tropical Soils (QUEFTS) model to estimate the soil‐plant balanced N, P, and K requirements for the potato in China. Our results revealed that there were great differences in the potato yield and nutrient uptake. The upper and lower 2.5th percentiles of N, P, and K internal efficiencies (IE, kg tuber per kg nutrient in the total plant) data were used as maximum accumulation (a) and maximum dilution (d) boundary parameters in the QUEFTS model, which were 133 and 463 kg kg–1 for N, 652 and 3030 kg kg–1 for P, and 119 and 790 kg kg–1 for K, respectively. The QUEFTS model predicted plant nutrient uptake of 4.0 kg N, 0.7 kg P, and 3.5 kg K to produce 1 Mg of tuber in the linearly distributed portion, and a corresponding tuber nutrient demand of 2.9 kg N, 0.5 kg P, and 2.3 kg K to produce 1 Mg of tuber. Field validation experiments confirmed that the QUEFTS model could be used to simulate optimum nutrient uptake and provide appropriate parameters in building fertilizer recommendation, which helps improve nutrient use efficiency for potato in China.Core Ideas

This is the first report of QUEFTS model on estimating the optimum nutrient requirements for potato crops in China.
The datasets used in this study were collected from multi‐year‐site field experiments.
Multi‐site field validation experiments in potato‐producing areas confirmed the feasibility of QUEFTS model‐simulated nutrient uptake.
Moisture Temporal Stability of a Typic Hapludox under Different Uses and Depths
Authors: Guimarães Claudinei Martins , Costa Carlos Alexandre Gomes , Filho Raimundo Rodrigues Gomes , dos Santos Silva Francisco Charles , da Assunção Hildeu Ferreira , Carneiro Leandro Flávio , Pedrotti Alceu , Doll Kenneth Michael 
Published: July 2019

Temporal stability shows that specific within‐field locations can represent average moisture values for a period of time, reducing efforts of collecting and measurement field observations. The objective of this study was to analyze the temporal stability of soil moisture within a Hapludox, typical of Cerrado, a unique Brazilian biome (similar to savanna), located in the southwestern state of Goiás. Instant readings of volumetric soil moisture were done biweekly from November 2013to February 2014, using a portable TDRSensor with rods of 0.12 m in length, at 0‐ to 0.12‐, from 0.12‐ to 0.24‐, and 0.24‐ to 0.36‐m soil depths. The TDR sensor data were corrected and calibrated by volumetric water content data obtained from gravity method and soil bulk density measurements. To quantify temporal stability, we used nonparametric methods: Spearman correlation coefficient, average relative difference, and temporal stability index. Temporal stability on the field scale differed between the three sites/systems. Average soil moisture can be accurately estimated at only one georeferenced point for each site/management system, reducing measurement effort in long‐term studies.Core Ideas

Moisture temporal stability reduce cost of field measurements.
It is essential to planning monitoring programs of hydrology and irrigation.
Represent a valuable support for future researches related to soil water management.
Controls on tetrahedral Fe(III) abundance in 2:1 phyllosilicates
Authors: Cuadros Javier , Michalski Joseph R. , Dyar M. Darby , Dekov Vesselin 
Published: July 2019

AbstractFe(II) only occupies octahedral sites in phyllosilicates, whereas Fe(III) can occupy both octahedral and tetrahedral sites. The controls on Fe(III) distribution between tetrahedral and octahedral sites have been a matter of great interest to understand the interplay between formation environment (Fe abundance, redox conditions) and crystal-chemical factors (stability of the crystal lattice) during crystallization of Fe-phyllosilicates. Here, for the first time, we present a model of Fe(III) distribution in 2:1 phyllosilicates. We investigated 21 samples of 2:1 phyllosilicates of submarine hydrothermal origin using XRD, chemical analysis, and Mössbauer spectroscopy (and other supporting techniques not presented here). An additional data set of 49 analyses of 2:1 phyllosilicates from the literature was also used. Overall, the data cover a wide range of dioctahedral and trioctahedral phyllosilicates, including end-member minerals and interstratified phases. Dioctahedral phyllosilicates have a steric control whereby tetrahedral Fe(III) is only allowed if at least five out of six octahedral atoms are larger than Al (typically Fe[III], Fe[II], Mg) that produces an expanded structure where tetrahedral sites can accommodate Fe(III). After this threshold, further Fe(III) atoms occupy tetrahedral sites preferentially (~73% of further Fe[III] atoms) over octahedral sites. In trioctahedral 2:1 phyllosilicates there is no steric hindrance to tetrahedral Fe(III) because the crystal dimensions are such that tetrahedral sites can accommodate Fe(III). On average, Fe(III) enters tetrahedral and octahedral sites in similar proportion, and the only apparent control on tetrahedral Fe(III) abundance is Fe(III) availability during crystallization. This model allows to predict Fe(III) distribution between structural sites, provides an avenue for further exploration of the thermodynamic stability of phyllosilicates using cationic size, and provides a tool to better describe stability/reactivity of Fe-rich phyllosilicates, the most reactive of phyllosilicates and very relevant in geochemical and biological processes.
Teaching to Read Multimodal Texts at Tertiary Education: Learning about Gender and Culture with Oxfam Intermón’s Covers
Authors: Martínez Lirola María 
Published: July 2019

Using multimodal texts in a language classroom offers many opportunities for the development of multiliteracies and the acquisition of different types of competences. The study, thus, aims to deepen into the different social competences university students can acquire when multimodal texts from Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) are used in a language classroom. The texts selected are useful to introduce gender issues in the classroom. The methodology is qualitative. For its framework of analysis, the study draws on the main principles of visual grammar (Kress and van Leeuwen, 2006) so that students learn how to analyse visuals. It was decided to use texts from the NGO Oxfam Intermón in which women from other cultures appeared because they allow students at tertiary level develop critical thinking and respect for cultural diversity, which will contribute to the development of social competences. The study reveals that multimodal texts from NGOs are useful to develop critical thinking, to bring cultural aspects into the classroom and to work on social competences.
Automatic calibration of SWMM using NSGA-III and the effects of delineation scale on an urban catchment
Authors: Swathi V. , Srinivasa Raju K. , Varma Murari R. R. , Sai Veena S. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The study aims at calibration of the storm water management model (SWMM) with non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-III (NSGA-III) for urban catchment in Hyderabad, India. The SWMM parameters calibrated were Manning's roughness coefficient (N), depression storage for pervious and impervious areas (DP and Di), sub-catchment width (W), curve number (CN), drying time (dry) of soil and percentage of imperviousness (I). The efficacy of calibration was evaluated by comparing the observed and simulated peak flows and runoff using goodness-of-fit indices. The calibration takes into consideration eight event rainfalls resulting in eight calibrated sets. Weights of goodness-of-fit indices were estimated and the best calibrated set was further validated for five continuous rainfalls/runoffs. Simulated runoff volume and peak runoff over the five continuous rainfalls deviated by 7–22% and 2–20% with respect to observed data. Results indicated that parameters calibrated for an event rainfall could be used for continuous rainfall-runoff modelling. The effect of catchment delineation scale on runoff was also studied. The study indicated that output of the model was sensitive to variation in parameter values of infiltration and imperviousness.
IoT-based water demand forecasting and distribution design for smart city
Authors: Narayanan Lakshmi Kanthan , Sankaranarayanan Suresh 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The percentage of fresh water resource availability in the world is diminishing every year. According to a world economic forum survey, the increase in water demand will result in high scarcity globally in the next two decades. The eradication of the water demand increase and reducing the losses during the transportation of water is challenging. Thus accordingly, an Internet of Things (IoT)-based architecture integrated with Fog for underground water distribution system has been proposed. Towards designing an IoT water distribution architecture for a smart city, we need to first forecast the water demand for consumers. Hence, accordingly, water demand forecasting has been carried out on a daily basis for a period of three months as a case study using autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) and regression analysis. Based on water demand forecasting analysis, a water distribution design for an IoT-based architecture has been carried out using hydraulic engineering design for proper distribution of water with minimal losses which would result in the development of a smart water distribution system (SWDS). This has been carried out using EPANET.