bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perspective on the Coevolutionary Role of Host and Gut Microbiota in Polyphenol Health Effects: Metabotypes and Precision Health
Authors: Espín Juan Carlos , Jarrín‐Orozco María Paula , Osuna‐Galisteo Leire , Ávila‐Gálvez María Ángeles , Romo‐Vaquero María , Selma María Victoria 
Published: November 2024

Abstract“Personalized nutrition” aims to establish nutritional strategies to improve health outcomes for non‐responders. However, it is utopian since most people share similar nutritional requirements. “Precision health,” encompassing lifestyles, may be more fitting. Dietary (poly)phenols are “healthy” but non‐nutritional molecules (thus, we can live without them). The gut microbiota influences (poly)phenol effects, producing metabolites with different activity than their precursors. Furthermore, producing distinctive metabolites, like urolithins, lunularin, and equol, leads to the term “polyphenol‐related gut microbiota metabotypes,” grouping individuals based on a genuine microbial metabolism of ellagic acid, resveratrol, and isoflavones, respectively. Additionally, (poly)phenols exert prebiotic‐like effects through their antimicrobial activities, typically reducing microbial diversity and modulating microbiota functionality by impacting its composition and transcriptomics. Since the gut microbiota perceives (poly)phenols as a threat, (poly)phenol effects are mostly a consequence of microbiota adaptation through differential (poly)phenol metabolism (e.g., distinctive reductions, dehydroxylations, etc.). This viewpoint is less prosaic than considering (poly)phenols as essential nutritional players in human health, yet underscores their health significance in a coevolutionary partnership with the gut microbiota. In the perspective on the gut microbiota and (poly)phenols interplay, microbiota metabotypes could arbiter health effects. An innovative aspect is also emphasized: modulating the interacting microbial networks without altering the composition.
Synthesis of Fused sp3‐Enriched Imidazoles
Authors: Lysenko Viacheslav , Portiankin Anton , Shvydenko Tetiana , Shishkina Svitlana , Nazarenko Kostiantyn , Kostyuk Aleksandr 
Published: November 2024

AbstractA synthetic approach to imidazoles annulated to saturated six‐membered cycles featuring S, SO2, NH, NCbz was developed. It was achieved by combining the Neber rearrangement and the Marckwald reaction. The Neber rearrangement applied to cyclic ketones allowed us to prepare in hundred gram quantities previously unknown α‐amino ketones. Unstable tosyl ketoximes were used without purification immediately after their preparation. α‐Amino ketones react with potassium thiocyanate and cyanate in almost a quantitative yield affording highly pure imidazol‐2‐thiones or imidazol‐2‐ones. Desulfurization of imidazole‐2‐thiones using Raney nickel led to the formation of previously unknown 2‐unsubstituted fused imidazoles in high yields.
Remeshing in the finite cell method for different types of geometry descriptions
Authors: Sartorti Roman , Düster Alexander 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe numerical structural analysis of problems with complex geometries can be challenging, especially if standard finite elements are used. In contrast, immersed methods, such as the finite cell method, relieve the mesh generation such that simply shaped elements/cells can be used. Then, the domain boundary is considered during the numerical integration. In finite strain analysis, the elements/cells face large distortions, especially the cells that are intersected by the boundary. When the solution fails, remeshing can be applied to continue the simulation. This process is currently limited to geometries described by a triangulated surface. Therefore, the present work shows an alternative way of describing the deformed geometry by interpolating the displacement field. In this work, the inverse distance approach, and radial basis functions (RBF) with and without a constant extension are applied. It turns out that RBF with constant extension leads to the most robust results compared to the other methods. Moreover, different geometry description types are tested, and the present approach leads to promising results.
Reliability of Commercial TOPCon PV Modules—An Extensive Comparative Study
Authors: Gebhardt Paul , Kräling Ulli , Fokuhl Esther , Hädrich Ingrid , Philipp Daniel 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTTunnel oxide passivated contact (TOPCon) is poised to emerge as the predominant technology in photovoltaic (PV) cells, yet accelerated aging tests point towards significant reliability issues that remain unresolved. This study conducts a comparative analysis of 20 TOPCon PV module types, utilizing a range of electrical characterization and accelerated aging assessments. This investigation provides a detailed evaluation of the electrical performance, resulting in an energy rating of the modules, establishing a benchmark for cutting‐edge TOPCon technology. While some failure modes, such as LeTID, appear to be noncritical, the findings confirm previously identified degradation pathways in TOPCon modules due to moisture penetration. During UV exposure, a novel degradation pattern was observed during the indoor tests, showing severe losses (up to −12% after 120 kWh/m2), followed by recovery after humidity freeze testing, which may influence outdoor performance and the outcomes of certification tests (IEC 61730‐2, Sequence B). The results highlight the areas of need for more targeted testing and technological refinement.
The metabolic and physiologic impairments underlying long COVID associated exercise intolerance
Authors: Leitner Brooks P. , Joseph Phillip , Quast Andres Figueroa , Ramirez Maria Alejandra , Heerdt Paul M. , Villalobos Jose G. , Singh Inderjit 
Published: November 2024

AbstractData from invasive CPET (iCPET) revealed long COVID patients have impaired systemic oxygen extraction (EO2), suggesting impaired mitochondrial ATP production. However, it remains uncertain whether the initial severity of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection has implications on EO2 and exercise capacity (VO2) nor has there been assessment of anerobic ATP generation in long COVID patients. iCPET was performed on 47 long COVID patients (i.e., full cohort; n = 8 with severe SARS‐CoV‐2 infection). In a subset of patients (i.e., metabolomic cohort; n = 26) metabolomics on venous and arterial blood samples during iCPET was performed. In the full cohort, long COVID patients exhibited reduced peak EO2 with reduced peak VO2 (90 ± 17% predicted) relative to cardiac output (118 ± 23% predicted). Peak VO2 [88% predicted (IQR 81% ‐ 108%) vs. 70% predicted (IQR 64% ‐ 89%); p = 0.02] and EO2 [0.59(IQR 0.53–0.62) vs. 0.53(IQR 0.50–0.48); p = 0.01) were lower in severe versus mild infection. In the metabolomic cohort, 12 metabolites were significantly consumed, and 41 metabolites were significantly released (p‐values < 0.05). Quantitative metabolomics demonstrated significant increases in inosine and succinate arteriovenous gradients during exercise. Peak VO2 was significantly correlated with peak venous succinate (r = 0.68; p = 0.0008) and peak venous lactate (r = 0.49; p = 0.0004). Peak EO2 and consequently peak VO2 impact long COVID patients in a severity dependent manner. Exercise intolerance associated with long COVID is defined by impaired aerobic and anaerobic energy production. Peak venous succinate may serve as a potential biomarker in long COVID.
3‐year quality of life, functional performance, and long‐term survival after acute pulmonary embolism; A prospective study
Authors: Mehdizadeh Kasra , Kalantari Sepideh , Mohammadi Mahsa , Farrashi Melody , Kaviani Raheleh , Farmani Danial , Naghshbandi Mona , Moosavi Jamal , Mohebbi Bahram , Bakhshandeh Hooman , Pouraliakbar Hamid Reza , Barco Stefano , Klok Frederikus A. , Sadeghipour Parham 
Published: November 2024

AbstractOur prospective study investigates the 3‐year trajectory of disease‐specific quality of life (QoL) using the PEmb‐QoL questionnaire, functional performance via 6‐min walk tests, and the 5‐year survival following acute pulmonary embolism (PE) and explores their association with patient demographics and clinical characteristics. We highlight that PE‐specific QoL improves over time despite no significant changes in cardiopulmonary performance.
A 3D LEO Channel Model Based on GBSM for Satellite‐Ground Communication Scenario
Authors: Su Zhaoyang , Yin Yi , Duan Xianglong , Han Zijie , Zhou Tao , Liu Liu 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTLow earth orbit (LEO) satellites have the characteristics of low communication delay, low deployment cost, and wide coverage, which have become an important component of the 6G air‐space‐ground integrated information network. However, satellite‐ground communication has a large propagation distance, complex fading, and fast terminal movement speed, causing the channel characteristics different from terrestrial communication networks. Therefore, channel modeling is necessary when deploying a satellite‐ground communication network. In this paper, a 3D geometry‐based stochastic model (GBSM) is proposed for satellite‐ground communication links. The proposed channel model includes several environments such as urban, suburban, and rural. Based on this model, the channel impulse response (CIR) can be obtained, and the closed‐form expression of spatial‐temporal correlation function and Doppler power spectrum density are derived. Through simulation, the characteristics of large‐scale fading and small‐scale fading are analyzed, which depict the significant differences from the terrestrial networks. The relevant results can provide contributions to the design of future satellite‐ground communication systems.
Applications of the Cu(I)‐Catalyzed Aryl Amidation in Total Synthesis of Complex Molecules
Authors: Hu Xin , Huang Hai‐Jin , Ji Cong‐Bin 
Published: November 2024

AbstractCopper‐catalyzed aryl amidation reactions have received increasing interest in recent years and have been widely applicable in the total synthesis of a diverse range of structurally complex natural products. This review covers the synthetic assembly of a wide range of natural products, with copper‐catalyzed aryl amidation being the key conversion process.
Lemon Peel‐Extracted Recyclable Copper Oxide Nanoparticles for Methylene Blue Dye Adsorption: Optimization, Isotherms, Kinetics, Thermodynamics, and Reusability Study
Authors: Yadav Sangita , Sharma Gaurav , Malik Shiksha , Khyalia Pradeep , Gupta Asha 
Published: November 2024

AbstractResearchers are exploring sustainable methods for synthesizing metal oxide nanoparticles to address wastewater pollution, which poses a global threat to aquatic life and human health. The present research aims to biosynthesize recyclable Lemon peel‐extracted copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) to remove methylene blue dye via adsorption. Our approach involves a comprehensive range of techniques, such as FTIR, XRD, SEM‐EDX, Zeta potential, and UV‐VIS, to thoroughly characterize the NPs. SEM analysis confirmed that the CuO NPs, with an average size of 64.5 nm and a nearly spherical shape, exhibited a zeta potential value of – 16.34, indicating their relative stability. Optimized conditions for the 92.20% adsorption efficiency for methylene blue dye were pH at 6, contact time of 90 min, 0.06 g of adsorbent dose, 10 ppm dye conc., and Temp. 27 °C. Langmuir 1‐based maximum adsorption capacity (qm) was 617.28 mg/g for CuO NPs. Langmuir 1 and Freundlich are the most suitable isotherm models for experimental data, supporting Physi‐chemisorption and chemisorption as rate‐limiting steps in the exothermic adsorption process. A reusability study of up to three cycles proved the sustainability of the materials.
Microwave‐Assisted Synthesis of Selenium Nanoparticles: Bioactivity Insights
Authors: Tışlı Büşra , Nejati Omid , Torkay Gülşah , Giray Betül , Bal‐Öztürk Ayça , Bakırdere Sezgin 
Published: November 2024

AbstractSelenium is a well‐known element that can be toxic and potentially harmful in excessive amounts. In this study, the microwave‐assisted synthesis of selenium nanoparticles (SeNP) was achieved using glucose as a green reductant, resulting in reduced toxicity. This method provides a rapid, cost‐effective, and environmentally friendly alternative to traditional SeNP synthesis techniques. The antioxidant activity of the SeNPs was assessed using the 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay, while their antibacterial properties were tested against both Gram‐positive (E. coli) and Gram‐negative (S. aureus) bacteria using the agar diffusion method. Additionally, the cytotoxicity of SeNPs towards the Beas2B cell line was evaluated using the MTT viability assay at various concentrations. Results produced confirm the successful synthesis of SeNPs with notable antioxidant and antibacterial properties through a simple and economical approach, indicating potential applications in various fields.
Comparative Study on Architecture‐Dependent Electrochemical Properties of Aluminum Anode Materials for Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Pham Kien Trung , Nguyen Hung Tran , Le Thu Chau Uyen , Vu Thien Tri , Le Thanh Huu , Le Hieu Trung , Le Hang T. T. , La Duong Duc 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis study presents a comparative study on architecture‐dependent electrochemical properties of anodes made from aluminum particles and aluminum foil for lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) application. The purity and other physicochemical features were analyzed by X‐ray diffraction (XRD), energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDX), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) methods. The electrochemical characteristics were determined by cycling voltammetry (CV) and galvanostatic charge/discharge (GCD) tests. The obtained results demonstrated that, due to the architecture nature of aluminum foil, the aluminum foil electrode had better conductivity and higher nucleation overpotential compared to the aluminum particles electrode, which involved other components such as PVDF as binder and carbon super P as conductive agent. Thus, the CV curves of the aluminum foil electrode showed sharper redox peaks with higher peak intensity. In addition, the aluminum foil electrode provided significantly higher initial capacity than that of the aluminum particles electrode. However, the architecture of the foil anode rendered it extremely prone to volume expansion during cycling, resulting in a fast and complete capacity fading just after 13 cycles. The anode made from aluminum particles, in contrast, witnessed slower capacity decay and ultimately stabilized at approximately 50 mAh g−1 for extending cycles.
High‐Quality Subsurface Construction of Perovskite Film for Efficient and Stable Solar Cells
Authors: Bao Qinhui , Xing Chuwu , He Miao , Nie Zhiwei , Wang Rihua , Wan Chunsheng , Zhang Tianjin , Wang Duofa 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe subsurface of perovskite (PVK) triggers non‐radiative recombination and initiates film degradation due to the impurities and defects. This study investigates the limitations of the conventional surface post‐treatment and proposes an innovative pre‐treatment strategy to achieve complete impurity elimination and defect passivation of the subsurface. The considerable activity of unannealed PVK films provides a sufficient basis for effective subsurface modification. Following the pre‐treatment, the cadmium ions (Cd2+) can occupy the lead (Pb) vacancies or substitute lead ions(Pb2+), while the introduced ionic ions (I‐) are able to fill the ionic (I) vacancies. The stronger ionic bond between Cd2+ and I− helps prevent the loss of I‐, leading to a reduction of defects in film, inhibiting non‐radiative recombination and ionic migration at the interface. This innovative strategy successfully eliminates impurities and passivates defects, resulting in a perovskite subsurface characterized by high crystallinity, low defect density, and minimal impurity. These enhancements contribute to enhanced open circuit voltage (VOC)and fill factor (FF), leading to an impressive power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 24.49%. Notably, after 1600 h of aging in ambient air, the cell retained 87% of its initial performance.
Prospects of Improving Efficiency and Stability of Hybrid Perovskite Solar Cells by Alumina Ultrathin Films
Authors: Kot Małgorzata , Gawlińska‐Nęcek Katarzyna , Henkel Karsten , Flege Jan Ingo 
Published: November 2024

AbstractOver the last few years, the influence of low temperature (≤80 °C) and, in particular, of room temperature, atomic layer deposited alumina (ALD‐Al2O3) on the properties of the underlying hybrid perovskites of different compositions and on the efficiency and stability of the corresponding perovskite solar cells (PSCs) is extensively investigated. The main conclusion is that most probably thanks to the presence of intrinsic defect states in the ALD‐Al2O3 and in the perovskite layers, charge transfer and neutralization are possible and the entire lifetime of the PSCs is thus improved. Moreover, the migration of mobile ions between the layers is blocked by the ALD‐Al2O3 layer and thus the occurrence of hysteresis in the current density–voltage characteristics of the PSCs is suppressed. Considering the uniform and nondestructive surface coverage, low thermal budget, small amount of material required, and short duration of the established ALD‐Al2O3 deposition on top of hybrid perovskites, this additional, but fully solar cell technology‐compatible, process step is most likely the most effective, cheapest, and fastest way to improve the efficiency and long‐term stability of PSCs and thus increase their marketability.
Conservative preconditioning techniques for efficient compressible and incompressible flow simulations on unstructured meshes
Authors: Khorasani Mahdi Moghadas , Mohammadi Adnan , Djavareshkian Mohammad Hassan 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThree preconditioning methods suggested by Eriksson, Choi, Merkel, and Turkel have been utilized within a 2D upwind Euler flow solver designed for unstructured grids. These strategies efficiently address the complexities of steady inviscid flows at low Mach numbers. The conservative formulations of the preconditioning matrices are rigorously derived. This implementation enables a more accurate evaluation of high‐gradient flows. Extensive simulations are conducted on various flow scenarios, including flows over the NACA0012 airfoil, a multi‐element three‐element airfoil, and a smooth bump with varying Mach numbers, to validate the effectiveness of the aforementioned preconditioning strategies. Compared to the non‐preconditioned approach, the results demonstrate significant accuracy and convergence speed improvements for all three preconditioning methods. These strategies exhibit remarkable efficiency for low Mach and incompressible flows. Among the three approaches, the Turkel preconditioner stands out with its optimal condition number, leading to superior performance. For low Mach numbers, convergence is accelerated by up to 88%, while at transonic speeds, it still achieves a notable 38% increase in convergence speed. Additionally, the preconditioning techniques preserve solution accuracy near challenging stagnation points. This study establishes a unified conservative framework for assessing preconditioning approaches and highlights their ability to resolve the complex fluid physics of low Mach number flows on unstructured grids. The findings underscore the significance of employing such strategies to enhance accuracy and computational efficiency in evaluating high‐gradient flows.
Introduction
Authors: Lampoltshammer Thomas J. , Solvak Mihkel , Homburg Vincent 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis chapter introduces some technological and policy developments that are at the heart of the mGov4EU project. In the mGov4EU project, various pilots implement and validate enhanced infrastructure services for electronic voting, smart mobility and mobile signing, using mobile devices most of us nowadays naturally expect as a default way of accessing services. The pilots aimed to demonstrate the feasibility of providing cross-border information to enhance cross-border mobility and cross-border collaboration in the European Union. The pilots also demonstrated how enhanced electronic identities and trust services (eIDAS) and Single Digital Gateway Regulation (SDGR) layers can accommodate once-only, digital-by-default and mobile-first principles.For this to result in user-centric, user-friendly mobile public services, stakeholders’ roles (including but not limited to end users’ experiences and requirements) have to be identified, architecture core building blocks have to be assembled, implementations have to align with EU eIDAS and SDG regulations and, with the eSignature interoperability system and the Digital Wallet System, ethics, security and privacy requirements have to be taken into account and evaluated. The long-term viability has to be ensured. This first chapter briefly introduces all these relevant angles and describes how the various chapters will focus on how specific challenges were tackled and what lessons learnt could be drawn.
Cross-Border Mobile Government Services: Exploring Business Model Dynamics in mGov4EU
Authors: Lampoltshammer Thomas J. , Sellung Rachelle , Dedovic Stefan 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe mGov4EU project represents an ambitious effort to revolutionise European mobile government services. It aims to develop an ecosystem that integrates state-of-the-art digital wallet approaches within the framework of eIDAS and SDG. This initiative is pivotal in fostering a seamless interface between citizens, businesses, and public administrations, enhancing the efficiency and user experience in accessing government services. Despite its potential, the mGov4EU project confronts many challenges, including legal compliance, technical interoperability, user acceptance, and the formulation of viable and sustainable business models. These challenges are particularly pronounced in the public sector, where traditional business strategies may not align seamlessly with innovative digital service models. This chapter focuses on examining the business model aspects of the mGov4EU project. It explores the strategies and priorities of the project’s partners, particularly in the context of sustaining and scaling the project outcomes within the European framework. It reflects on decisions, as well as challenges accordingly.
Summary
Authors: Schmidt Carsten , Lampoltshammer Thomas J. , Homburg Vincent 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe preceding chapters present lessons from 3 years of work in the mGov4EU project. This chapter summarises and synthesises the key findings and takeaways based on experiences gathered in 3 years of working with pilots in the mGov4EU project. Concerning the mGov4EU reference architecture, it is concluded that technical challenges could be addressed with a dedicated eID app to allow for app-to-app interaction, tighter integration between mobile applications and service provider applications and alternative wallet-based authentication protocols. Studies of mobile government users identified users’ lack of awareness and reluctance to use biometric functionalities in mobile devices, highlighting the critical role of a well-designed user interface. It was also found that identity wallets come with accessibility risks and data protection concerns, for which solutions are proposed. Overall, it is concluded that mGov4EU’s results are reusable and sustainable.