bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nomenclature of cutaneous vasculitides – German translation of the dermatologic addendum to the 2012 Revised International Chapel Hill Consensus Conference Nomenclature of Vasculitides
Authors: Sunderkötter Cord , Lamprecht Peter , Mahr Alfred , Metze Dieter , Zelger Bernhard 
Published: December 2018

SummaryThe nomenclature system agreed upon by the Chapel Hill Consensus Conference (CHCC) with respect to the terminology and precise definition of the various types of vasculitis has gained widespread interdisciplinary and international acceptance. As the revised version from 2012 (CHCC 2012) does not address the special features of vasculitis of the skin, it has recently been supplemented with an addendum containing the nomenclature of cutaneous vasculitides (D‐CHCC).The present article provides the German translation of the terms and defintions of the D‐CHCC as well as additional explanatory comments. The goal is to enable German‐speaking health care providers to more readily apply these defined terms – which are based on interdisciplinary consensus – in everyday clinical practice and to facilitate assessment of their practicability and relevance in patient care.If the majority of cutaneous vasculitides diagnosed can be matched with any of the defined entities presented herein, it might subsequently be possible to develop a classification system and diagnostic algorithms.
Patterns of infiltration and local recurrences of various types of cutaneous sarcomas following three‐dimensional histology
Authors: Welsch Katharina , Breuninger Helmut , Metzler Gisela , Sickinger Franziska , Eberle Franziska Carola , Häfner Hans‐Martin , Schnabl Saskia Maria 
Published: December 2018

SummaryBackgroundCutaneous sarcomas are rare and characterized by pathogenetic heterogeneity. Knowledge about local infiltration patterns and recurrence rates may be useful in improving patient care and outcomes. The objective of the present study was to compare these two characteristics in sarcomas that had been treated using the identical surgical procedure.Patients and methodsBetween 2006–2010, 84 patients with various types of sarcoma underwent surgery followed by three‐dimensional histology. Tumor entities included dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP, 54 patients), leiomyosarcoma (ten patients), rhabdomyosarcoma (one patient), angiosarcoma (seven patients) as well as atypical fibroxanthoma (AFX, three patients) and cutaneous undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma (UPS, nine patients). Median follow‐up was four years (range: 2–6 years).ResultsLocal recurrence rates among patients with primary DFSP were 2.2 %. All patients undergoing re‐excision were subsequently tumor free. Patients with leiomyosarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, AFX, and cutaneous UPS experienced no local recurrence; however, one individual developed in‐transit metastasis (UPS) (8.3 %). Three patients with angiosarcoma developed local recurrence (43 %), two of whom remained tumor free following re‐excision. Two angiosarcoma patients died from distant metastases (29 %). Both DFSP and especially angiosarcoma lesions exhibited extensive subclinical growth.ConclusionsRecurrence rates of cutaneous sarcomas following three‐dimensional histology are low. Local recurrences are readily manageable by re‐excision. Angiosarcoma is characterized by extensive superficial growth, aggressive biological behavior, and predominantly hematogenous spread.
Infiltrationsmuster und Lokalrezidive von kutanen Sarkomen unterschiedlichen Typs nach 3D‐Histologie
Authors: Welsch Katharina , Breuninger Helmut , Metzler Gisela , Sickinger Franziska , Eberle Franziska Carola , Häfner Hans‐Martin , Schnabl Saskia Maria 
Published: December 2018

ZusammenfassungHintergrundKutane Sarkome sind selten und der pathogenetische Ursprung zeigt sich heterogen. Infiltrationsmuster und Rezidivraten können Erkenntnisse für die operative Patientenversorgung bringen. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurden sie bei identischem operativem Vorgehen verglichen.Patienten und MethodikBei 84 Patienten, davon 54 mit Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP), 11 mit Myosarkomen (10 Leiomyosarkome, 1 Rhabdomyosarkom), 7 mit Angiosarkomen und 12 mit uneinheitlichen Sarkomentitäten (3 atypische Fibroxanthome (AFX), 9 diverse dermale undifferenzierte pleomorphe Sarkome (DUPS)) wurde von 2006–2010 eine Tumorexzision mit nachfolgender kompletter Darstellung der dreidimensionalen Schnittränder (3D‐Histologie) durchgeführt. Die mediane Nachbeobachtung betrug 4 Jahre (min. 2, max. 6).ErgebnisseDie Lokalrezidivrate bei primärem DFSP betrug 2.2 %. In allen Rezidivfällen wurde nach Re‐Exzision Rezidivfreiheit erreicht. Leiomyo‐ und Rhabdomyosarkome und uneinheitliche Entitäten entwickelten kein Lokalrezidiv, jedoch eine Intransitmetastase (DUPS) (8.3 %). Bei 7 Patienten mit Angiosarkom traten 3 Lokalrezidive auf (43 %), 2 blieben nach der Re‐Exzision rezidivfrei. Zwei verstarben an Organmetastasen (29 %). DFSP und besonders Angiosarkome wiesen weitläufige subklinische Ausläufer mit irregulären Mustern auf.SchlussfolgerungenDie Rezidivraten der kutanen Sarkome sind bei Anwendung der 3D‐Histologie niedrig. Lokalrezidive konnten durch Re‐Exzisionen lokal beherrscht werden. Eine Sonderstellung hat das Angiosarkom. Es wächst oberflächlich extrem ausgedehnt, deutlich aggressiver und metastasiert bevorzugt hämatogen.
Rickettsiosen: Der Hautbefund führt oft zur Diagnose – Eine Übersicht
Authors: Fischer Marcellus 
Published: December 2018

ZusammenfassungIn Mitteleuropa haben durch Rickettsien verursachte epidemische Fleckfiebererkrankungen, die noch bis in den zweiten Weltkrieg hinein durch ihre hohe Letalität eine Bedrohung darstellten, heute glücklicherweise ihre Bedeutung verloren. Dennoch werden Rickettsiosen in der Tropen‐ und Reisemedizin in Form des afrikanischen Zeckenstichfiebers bei erkrankten Reiserückkehrern nach einem Safariaufenthalt im südlichen Afrika zunehmend diagnostiziert.Diese durch Rickettsia africae verursachte Infektionskrankheit (African tick bite fever) geht mit charakteristischen Hautbefunden wie Eschar (tache noir) und Exanthem einher. Ähnliche Befunde finden sich auch beim durch Rickettsia conorii verursachten Mittelmeerfleckfieber (Mediterranean spotted fever). Ein Exanthem ohne Eschar mit deutlich verstärkter allgemeiner Symptomik ist kennzeichnend für das amerikanische Felsengebirgsfieber (Rocky Mountain spotted fever), das durch Rickettsia rickettsii hervorgerufen wird.Ziel dieses CME‐Beitrages ist es, Dermatologen mit dem Krankheitsspektrum der wichtigsten humanpathogenen Rickettsiosen, ihrer Epidemiologie, Übertragung, Klinik, Diagnostik und Therapie vertraut zu machen. Das Erkennen der charakteristischen Hautbefunde und deren richtige Zuordnung ermöglichen oft eine frühzeitige Diagnose. Bei rechtzeitigem Therapiebeginn ist meist eine folgenlose Ausheilung zu erzielen.
Genetic divergence of Platycerus hongwonpyoi (Coleoptera: Lucanidae) in South Korea
Authors: Zhu Xue‐Jiao , Jang Tae‐Woong , Kim Jong‐Kuk , Kubota Kôhei 
Published: December 2018

AbstractWe examined the genetic divergence of Platycerus hongwonpyoi Imura & Choe, 1989 in South Korea using the nuclear wingless (Wg) gene, internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region and mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) gene. We found no variation in Wg or ITS. Based on COI, P. hongwonpyoi was split into four well defined and one weakly supported clades, which were inferred to have diverged 2.11–1.33 Ma. The Platycerus hongwonpyoi population size seems to have decreased during the past several tens of thousands of years. The divergence times of major clades of P. hongwonpyoi were comparable with those involved in the speciation of certain Japanese species. Frequent overlapping of different clades at the same sites suggests the occurrence of secondary gene flow following differentiation in South Korea. In conclusion, the genus Platycerus underwent strikingly different divergence patterns in South Korea compared with Japan according to the disparate topographies of these two geographical areas.
Exosomes in chronic inflammatory skin diseases and skin tumors
Authors: Wang Wen‐Ming , Wu Chao , Jin Hong‐Zhong 
Published: December 2018

AbstractExosomes are membrane vesicles of endocytic origin that can mediate communication between cells and the transport of cellular components such as microRNAs, mRNAs, proteins and DNA. Recently, exosomes have been under investigation for their significant roles in both healthy physiology and disease states. Herein, we review the role of exosomes in chronic inflammatory skin diseases and skin tumors, especially focusing on systemic lupus erythematosus, psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, bullous pemphigoid and melanoma. Moreover, we emphasize the involvement of changes in exosome cargo in the regulation of these diseases.
A social recommendation system for academic collaboration in undergraduate research
Authors: Liu Yang , Yang Chen , Ma Jian , Xu Wei , Hua Zhongsheng 
Published: December 2018

AbstractAcademic collaboration plays an important role in undergraduate research. Current methods rely on offline social contacts for undergraduate students to collaborate with academic staff members in universities and research institutions. In big data era, it is difficult for undergraduate students to find suitable research project opportunities and supervisors to work with. This paper proposes a social recommendation system for undergraduate students to find research project opportunities and work with research project teams on an academic collaboration network. The proposed recommendation method integrates relevance, connectivity, and quality modules, where profiles of undergraduates are constructed with their self‐claimed information, research activities (e.g., studying and reading research publications and reading research projects), and social connections in the academic collaboration network. Suitable research projects are recommended based on the undergraduates' profiles. Experiments are conducted, and the results have shown that the proposed social recommendation system can facilitate undergraduates' selection of research projects.
WRITING BEYOND TIME: THE DURABILITY OF HISTORICAL TEXTS
Authors: AURELL JAUME 
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACTWhen we think in terms of the durability of historical texts, some works instantly come to mind: Herodotus's, Thucydides's, and Polybius's war narratives, Plutarch's comparative biographies, Eusebius's ecclesiastical history, Augustine's City of God, Jean Froissart's chronicles, Francesco Guicciardini's history of Florence, Edward Gibbon's Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, Jules Michelet's History of France, Leopold von Ranke's History of the Reformation, Jacob Burckhardt's The Civilization of the Renaissance in Italy, Johan Huizinga's The Waning of the Middle Ages, Fernand Braudel's Mediterranean, and Edward Thompson's The Making of the English Working Class, among others. Historians instantly perceive them as durable texts, part of a canon of history and historiography. Surrounded as we are by the exaltation of innovation over tradition, and assuming the challenging concept of “writing as historical practice” proposed by the editor of this issue, In this article I examine the conditions that might be considered necessary for historical writing to achieve durability, propose what conditions of creation and reception enabled this longevity, justify why these and other historical texts have the potential for durability, and discuss what practical lessons we might obtain from this inquiry. I begin by making some distinctions among the three related concepts of durability, the classic, and the canon, and try to establish the specific conditions of the durability of historical texts, focusing on the effect of contemporaneity and the connections between the concepts of durability and the practical past.
HISTORY AS FORM, WITH SIMMEL IN TOW
Authors: HUNT NANCY ROSE 
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACTThis essay is an engagement with forms, objects, and the nature of sly poetics in historical practice. It wonders about how historians have been practicing and theorizing craft at a time when postcolonial politics are urging for stronger attention to the vernacular, the archival, the affective, and the aesthetic. Offering a generous detour through a little‐known version of Georg Simmel, then driving idealist ideas about history and creativity, this essay draws attention to some parallel practices emerging in Global South terrains. It uses three late and refractory Simmel essays on history and form as a prism through which to consider generative concepts, fragmentary and aesthetic methods, and historical sensibilities. While history as form is an enduring, vital theme, aesthetic theorizing is inciting new experiments with archival surfaces, memory work, aesthetic learning, and historical assemblages. Formal attentiveness sharpens critique in addressing historical, contemporary, and archival problems. Simmel may expand our sensory range, our openness to subjectivity and égo‐histoire, tonality and mood, unknotting the interpretive impasse of much fashionable work in today's humanities: with its too tight pairing of the affective and the material.
TALK! AS HISTORICAL PRACTICE
Authors: KATES JOSHUA 
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACT“Talk! as Historical Practice” proposes a conception of our insertion into history, and thus the practice of historiography, by way of denying the existence of language as commonly understood: as a pregiven repository of words, signifieds, signifiers, and/or grammars regulative of communication and understanding. (To distinguish this more radical, discourse‐based conception, in part drawn from Donald Davidson's writings, from those of French discourse theory, it employs the neologism “talk!.”) In addition to sketching a version of talk!, this paper argues for its centrality for those writing history. Talk!, for one, gives a vantage point on the past and its relation to the rest of temporality, alternative to that held in common by two leading contemporary theorists, otherwise deeply opposed: Frank Ankersmit and Ethan Kleinberg. Second, it makes available new possibilities for historical practice, as here illustrated by a persusal of Henry Adams's The Education of Henry Adams, and some of his other late works. Adams's autobiography enshrines an externalist, talk!‐based view of his own past utterances and experiences; hence, he writes of himself only in the third person, as what he calls “the manikin.” In this instance and others, this approach lets Adams craft a unique kind of hyperbole, through which he presents a version of history as the medium of everything that happens and all who exist, within a modernity broken into ever more rapidly occurring epochs. Talk!, as here construed, ultimately questions modernity and all other periods and epochs, descending from “big picture” history. Adams's template, I thus argue in conclusion, may serve as a limit case for many more recent viewpoints.
IL‐37 alleviates house dust mite‐induced chronic allergic asthma by targeting TSLP through the NF‐κB and ERK1/2 signaling pathways
Authors: Meng Ping , Chen Zhuang‐Gui , Zhang Tian‐Tuo , Liang Zhuo‐Zheng , Zou Xiao‐Ling , Yang Hai‐Ling , Li Hong‐Tao 
Published: December 2018

AbstractInterleukin (IL)‐37 has been described as a negative regulator of immune responses and is critical for asthma pathogenesis, but the mechanisms behind the protective role of IL‐37 against allergic asthma are less well understood. We show here that IL‐37 administered intranasally inhibited house dust mite (HDM)‐induced chronic airway eosinophilic inflammation, goblet cell hyperplasia, peribronchial collagen deposition and airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) to methacholine. In contrast to a weakened Th2 response in the lung that was characterized by the downregulation of Th2‐associated cytokines and chemokines in IL‐37‐treated mice, IL‐37 has no effect on relevant markers of systemic Th2 immune including serum immunoglobulins expression and in vitro production of Th2‐associated cytokines by splenocytes on HDM recall. We demonstrated that the production of thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) in the lung tissue was associated with IL‐37. Importantly, compared with IL‐37 alone, TSLP coadministration with IL‐37 restored HDM‐induced airway inflammation and structural alterations, increased AHR to methacholine and promoted Th2‐associated cytokine production. We further found that IL‐37 inhibited the induction of TSLP expression by the main antigen of house dust mite, Der p1, by suppressing NF‐κB and extracellular signal regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) activation in human bronchial epithelial (16‐HBE) cells in vitro. These data highlight the importance of TSLP in IL‐37‐mediated protective role in asthma. IL‐37 might represent a useful innovative and alternative therapy to control TSLP production in the airway.
Efficacy and safety of sacubitril/valsartan compared with olmesartan in Asian patients with essential hypertension: A randomized, double‐blind, 8‐week study
Authors: Huo Yong , Li Weimin , Webb Randy , Zhao Li , Wang Qian , Guo Weinong 
Published: December 2018

This study assessed the efficacy and safety of angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitor sacubitril/valsartan vs olmesartan in Asian patients with mild‐to‐moderate hypertension. Patients (N = 1438; mean age, 57.7 years) with mild‐to‐moderate hypertension were randomized to receive once daily administration of sacubitril/valsartan 200 mg (n = 479), sacubitril/valsartan 400 mg (n = 473), or olmesartan 20 mg (n = 486) for 8 weeks. The primary endpoint was reduction in mean sitting systolic blood pressure (msSBP) from baseline with sacubitril/valsartan 200 mg vs olmesartan 20 mg at Week 8. Secondary endpoints included msSBP reduction with sacubitril/valsartan 400 mg, and reductions in clinic and ambulatory BP and pulse pressure (PP) vs olmesartan. In addition, changes in msBP from baseline in the Chinese subpopulation, elderly (≥65 years), and in patients with isolated systolic hypertension (ISH) were assessed. Sacubitril/valsartan 200 mg provided a significantly greater reduction in msSBP than olmesartan 20 mg at Week 8 (between‐treatment difference: −2.33 mm Hg [95% confidence interval (CI) −4.00 to −0.66 mm Hg], P < 0.05 for non‐inferiority and superiority). Greater reductions in msSBP were also observed with sacubitril/valsartan 400 mg vs olmesartan 20 mg (−3.52 [−5.19 to −1.84 mm Hg], P < 0.001 for superiority). Similarly, greater reductions in msBP were observed in the Chinese subpopulation, in elderly patients, and those with ISH. In addition, both doses of sacubitril/valsartan provided significantly greater reductions from baseline in nighttime mean ambulatory BP vs olmesartan. Treatment with sacubitril/valsartan 200 or 400 mg once daily is effective and provided superior BP reduction than olmesartan 20 mg in Asian patients with mild‐to‐moderate hypertension and is generally safe and well tolerated.
The Functions of Integration and Confrontation in Internal Dialogues
Authors: Puchalska‐Wasyl Małgorzata M. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractWhile integrative and confrontational internal dialogues (IDs) are often treated as opposing and numerous positive functions are ascribed to the former, this paper assumes that integration and confrontation are not mutually exclusive but independent processes. When exploring IDs that simulate social relationships and are described by different configurations of integrative and confrontational characteristics, canonical correlation analysis revealed that in competitive dialogue, the strong confrontational attitude of the dialogue's author is accompanied by the weak integrative attitudes of both ID parties. The more the ID is based on a rivalry between the parties, the lower the levels of bond, support, and insight functions are and the higher the level of substitution is. In persuasive dialogue, the confrontational attitude of the dialogue's author is combined with the integrative attitudes of both parties. The more the ID is based on persuasion, the higher the intensity of substitution, insight, bond, support, and self‐guiding is. The findings suggest a synergistic effect of co‐occurring integrative and confrontational attitudes in one ID.
Correlation of plasma coagulation tests and fibrinogenClauss with rotational thromboelastometry parameters and prediction of bleeding in dogs
Authors: Enk Nathalie M. , Kutter Annette P. N. , Kuemmerle‐Fraune Claudia , Sigrist Nadja E. 
Published: December 2018

BackgroundCorrelation of plasma fibrinogen concentration (fibrinogenClauss) with rotational thromboelastometry (ROTEM) parameters has not been investigated in dogs.ObjectivesTo determine the correlation between plasma coagulation tests and fibrinogenClauss with ROTEM parameters and to evaluate their ability to predict bleeding in dogs.AnimalsNinety‐seven dogs with concurrent determination of fibrinogenClauss and fibrin polymerization test (FIBTEM) analysis.MethodsSignalment, pretreatment, clinical signs of bleeding, fibrinogenClauss, plasma coagulation test results, hematocrit, platelet count, FIBTEM, extrinsic (EXTEM) and intrinsic (INTEM) activated ROTEM assays were retrieved retrospectively. Correlations between fibrinogenClauss and FIBTEM maximum clot firmness (MCFFIBTEM) and between prothrombin time (PT) or activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) and ROTEM parameters were determined. Dogs were further assigned to groups with or without clinical signs of bleeding. The prognostic significance of significantly different parameters to predict bleeding was evaluated.ResultsFibrinogenClauss showed strong correlation with MCFFIBTEM (r = 0.860, n = 97, P < .001). PT showed strong correlation with EXTEM clotting time (CTEXTEM) (r = 0.839, n = 53, P < .001), and aPTT was strongly correlated with INTEM CT (CTINTEM) (r = 0.664, n = 31, P < .001). Platelet count, PT/aPTT, EXTEM clot formation time (CFTEXTEM), MCFEXTEM, EXTEM maximum clot elasticity (MCEEXTEM), and CTINTEM were significantly different between groups. A CTINTEM >149 seconds was 100% sensitive to detect bleeding.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceThe MCFFIBTEM can be used to evaluate the effect of fibrinogen on hemostasis as an alternative to determination of fibrinogenClauss. In addition, CTEXTEM and CTINTEM are strongly correlated with PT and aPTT, respectively.