bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MR Pelvimetry for Breech Presentation at Term– Interobserver Reliability, Incidental Findings and Reference Values
Authors: von Bismarck Amanda , Ertl-Wagner Birgit , Stöcklein Sophia , Schöppe Franziska , Hübener Christoph , Hertlein Linda , Baron-Tomlinson Dominique , Mahner Sven , Delius Maria , Hasbargen Uwe , Franz Marie 
Published: September 2018

Purpose Antepartal MR pelvimetry is used to assess the viability of vaginal breech delivery. We evaluated the reliability of MR pelvimetric measurements as well as incidental findings noted by different clinicians and assessed potential reference values.
Methods In this monocentric study, the radiologic database was searched for obstetric MR pelvimetries with singleton breech pregnancies between 1999 and 2016. 99 consecutive MR pelvimetries were included. A structured, independent review was performed by six observers with three clinical experience levels (attending, fellow, junior resident from the departments of radiology and obstetrics). Image analysis entailed the quantitative assessment of conjugata vera (CV) and diameter transversalis (DT), image quality and incidental findings. Obstetric data was retrieved from the obstetric database for reference value assessment.
Results Interobserver agreement was strong throughout (mean intraclass correlation coefficient range: 0.889 – 0.968). The individual measuring biases ranged between 0 – 2 mm, and the average limits of agreement were ± 3 mm. Regarding the mode of delivery, the recommended cesarean section (rCS) group showed significantly smaller CV measurements (CV: 11.37 ± 0.73, p-value < 0.0001) than any other delivery group. No statistical difference in CV between the vaginal delivery and unplanned cesarean section groups was found (p-value 0.902). DT measurements only showed a significant difference between rCS and elective cesarean section (p-value 0.039). 134 incidental findings were noted.
Conclusion Strong interobserver agreement irrespective of the reader’s experience level supports MR pelvimetry as a reliable method for identifying women with fetopelvic disproportion in breech presentation. For a comprehensive appraisal of incidental findings, radiologic expertise is vital.
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Linear Neutral Receptors for Anions: Synthesis, Structure and Applications
Authors: Jurczak Janusz , Cholewiak Agnieszka , Stepniak Pawel 
Published: September 2018

A selective digest of linear anion receptors based on different aromatic skeletons is presented. Since the structures of anions vary from one to another, different strategies have been developed over recent years in order to bind anions efficiently and selectively. Rigidity, number of hydrogen bond donors, steric hindrance, and special preorganization of linear receptors are analyzed to shed light on the rational design of anion receptors.1	Introduction2	1,3- and 1,2-Benzene Derivatives3	1,3- and 5,7-Azulene Derivatives4	1,8-Naphthalene Derivatives5	1,8-Anthracene Derivatives6	2,6-Pyridine Derivatives7	2,5-Pyrrole Derivatives8	Diamidoarenodipyrrole Derivatives9	Carbazole Derivatives10	DITIPIRAM Derivatives11	Conclusion
Vesicouterine Fistula (Youssef Syndrome): Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Machado Junior Reynaldo Augusto , Machado Junior Luís Carlos , Lourenço Lúcio Lourenço e 
Published: September 2018

Objective To describe a case of vesicouterine fistula and to review the literature related to this condition.
Methods For the review, we accessed the MEDLINE, BIREME and LILACS databases; the references of the searched articles were also reviewed.
Results A 38-year-old woman, in the 1st day after her 3rd cesarean, presented heavy hematuria, which was considered secondary to a difficult dissection of the bladder. A total of 6 months after delivery, she failed to resume her regular menstrual cycles and presented cyclic menouria and amenorrhea. At this time, she had two episodes of urethral obstruction by blood clots. She remained without a correct diagnosis until about two years postdelivery, when a vesicouterine fistula was confirmed through cystoscopy. A surgical correction through open abdominal route, coupled with hysterectomy, was performed. After the surgery, the symptoms disappeared. The review showed a tendency of change in the relative frequency of the different types of genitourinary fistulae. Vesicovaginal fistulae, usually caused by inadequate care during labor, are becoming less frequent than those secondary to medical procedures, such as vesicouterine fistulae. The most common cause of this latter kind of fistula is cesarean section, especially repeated cesarean sections. The diagnosis is confirmed through one or more imaging exams, or through cystoscopy. The most common treatment is surgical, and the routes are: open abdominal, laparoscopic, vaginal or robotic. There are some reports of success with the conservative treatment.
Conclusion Vesicouterine fistulae are becoming more common because of the increase in the performance of cesarean sections, and the condition must be considered a possible complication thereof.
Risk Assessment for Preterm Delivery using the Fetal Fibronectin Test Associated with the Measurement of Uterine Cervix Length in Symptomatic Pregnant Women
Authors: Pinheiro Filho Tadeu Rodriguez de Carvalho , Pessoa Vanessa Rocha , Lima Thaisa de Sousa , Castro Marcela Melo de , Linhares José Juvenal 
Published: September 2018

Objective To analyze the use of the measurement of uterine cervix length (MUCL) and the fetal fibronectin (fFN) rapid test as predictors of preterm delivery (PTD) in symptomatic pregnant women assisted at the Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Sobral Maternity Hospital.
Methods This was a prospective and analytic study involving 53 parturients assisted between September of 2015 and July of 2016; the participants were between 24 and 34 weeks of gestational age (GA) and presented complaints related to preterm labor (PTL) prodromes. Vaginal secretion was collected for fFN testing, and the MUCL was obtained via transvaginal ultrasonography.
Results A total of 58.49% of the subjects showed MUCL < 25 mm, and 41.51% were positive in the fFN rapid test. A total of 48 patients were followed-up until their delivery date, and 54.17% resulted in PTL. The relative risk (RR) for PTD in patients with MUCL < 25 mm was 1.83 (p = 0.09, 0.99–3.36, 95% confidence interval [CI]), with a mean time before delivery of 2.98 weeks. Based on fFN positive results, the RR was 3.50 (p = 0.002, 1.39–8.79, 95%CI) and the mean time until delivery was 1.94 weeks. The RR was 2.70 (p = 0.002, 1.08–6.72, 95%CI) when both tests were used. The RR of PTD within 48 hours, and 7 and 14 days were, respectively, 1.30 (p = 0.11, 95% CI 1.02–1.67), 1.43 (p = 0.12, 95% CI % 0.99–2.06), and 2.03 (p = 0.008, 95% CI 1.26–3.27), when based on the MUCL, and 1.75 (p = 0.0006, 95% CI 1.20–2.53), 2.88 (p = 0.0001, 95% CI, 1.57–5.31), and 3.57 (p = 0.0002, 95% CI 1.63–7.81) when based on positive fFN results. The RR at 48 hours and 7 and 14 days considering both tests was 1.74 (p = 0.0001, 95% CI 1.14–2.64), 2.22 (p = 0.0001, 95% CI 1.22–4.04), and 2.76 (p = 0.0002, 95% CI 1.27–5.96), respectively.
Conclusion In symptomatic pregnant women, we concluded that the MUCL < 25 mm associated with positive fFN rapid test indicate increased the risk for PTD. Further studies with larger sample sizes could contribute in supporting the results presented in the current study.
Understanding emotion processing in schizophrenia
Authors: Keutmann M. K. , Gur R. E. , Gur R. C. 
Published: September 2018

SummaryImpaired emotional functioning is a prominent feature of schizophrenia. Although positive symptoms have traditionally attracted more attention and targeted treatment, negative symptoms, including flat affect, are increasingly recognized as the more debilitating and resistant to intervention. We describe studies examining affect processing in schizophrenia, focusing on facial affect with initial findings in vocal affect, or prosody. Deficits in schizophrenia are pronounced, and studies with functional neuroimaging indicate that the neural substrates for these deficits center on the amygdala and its projections. The abnormalities are highly correlated with symptom severity and functional outcome. While there is quite extensive work on affect recognition abnormalities, deficits have also been documented in the ability to express affect on the face and in voice, and perhaps to a lesser extent in the experience of emotion. These abnormalities can be better studied when methods for quantitative analysis of emotional expression are available. Recognizing the existence of such deficits and their neural substrates will lead to improved approaches to pharmacological and behavioral treatment.
Sexually Transmitted Infections Detected by Multiplex Real Time PCR in Asymptomatic Women and Association with Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia
Authors: Lima Luiza de Miranda , Hoelzle Carolina René , Simões Renata Toscano , Lima Maria Inês de Miranda , Fradico Jordana Rodrigues Barbosa , Mateo Elvis Cristian Cueva , Zauli Danielle Alves Gomes , Melo Victor Hugo 
Published: September 2018

Objective To determine the frequency of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in asymptomatic women and the association of STIs with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN).
Methods A cross-sectional study was performed, enrolling women examined in a general gynecology clinic and in a colposcopy referral center from October 2014 to October 2015. The colposcopy group consisted of 71 women, and the general gynecology group consisted of 55 women. Cervical samples were collected for cervical cytology and a multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was developed to detect human papillomavirus (HPV) and the STIs caused by the following microorganisms: Chlamydia trachomatis, Mycoplasma hominis, Mycoplasma genitalium, Ureaplasma urealyticum, and Neisseria gonorrhoeae. A multivariate analysis was performed by logistic regression, considering the significance level of 0.05.
Results The general frequency of STIs was: 46.8% (HPV); 27.8% (C. trachomatis); 28.6% (M. genitalium); 0.8% (M. hominis); 4.8% (U. urealyticum); and 4.8% (N. gonorrhoeae). The significant risk factors for CIN were: HPV infection (odds ratio [OR] = 2.53; p = 0.024); C. trachomatis (OR = 3.04; p = 0.009); M. genitalium (OR = 2.37; p = 0.04); and HPV and C. trachomatis coinfection (OR = 3.11; p = 0.023). After the multivariate analysis, a significant association was found between HPV and CIN (OR = 2.48; 95% confidence interval [95%CI]: 1.04–5.92; p = 0.04); and between C. trachomatis and CIN (OR = 2.69; 95%CI: 1.11–6.53; p = 0.028).
Conclusion The frequency of STIs was high in asymptomatic patients. Infections by HPV and C. trachomatis were independently associated with the presence of CIN. The high frequency of STIs in asymptomatic women suggests the need for routine screening of these infections.
Friendship Quality, Friendship Quantity, and Social Participation in Adults with Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Mutlu Bilge , Duff Melissa , Turkstra Lyn , Flynn Margaret 
Published: September 2018

AbstractAdults with traumatic brain injury (TBI) often report reduced social participation and loss of friends, but little is known about quality of friendship after TBI. Our objective was to characterize social participation, friendship quantity, and friendship quality of adults with TBI and a comparison group of uninjured adults. Participants included 18 adults with moderate to severe TBI and 16 of their informant friends; and 18 uninjured adults and 11 of their informant friends. The main measures used were the Participation Assessment with Recombined Tools-Objective, the Social Network Questionnaire, and the McGill Friendship Questionnaire. Participants with TBI reported significantly less social participation and had fewer total friends, although this difference was not statistically significant. Adults with TBI differed from their friends on one measure of friendship quality, but reports for friendship quality were high in both groups. Adults with TBI reported overall high levels of friendship quality despite having lower levels of social participation compared with uninjured adults. Future research should investigate how the balance of quantity and quality of friendships relates to satisfaction with social participation and overall quality of life.
Prenatal Prediction of Difficult Intubation in Periviable Neonates Using Standard Fetal Biometric Parameters
Authors: Lynch Tara , Glantz J. , Drennan Kathryn 
Published: September 2018

Objective To assess whether standard fetal biometric parameters can be used to predict difficult intubations in periviable neonates undergoing resuscitation.
Study Design This is a retrospective case–control study of periviable neonates delivered at 23 to 256/7 weeks at an academic hospital during a 5-year period in whom intubation was attempted. Standard fetal biometric measurements were included if they were taken within 7 days of delivery. Primary outcome was intubation in one attempt and was compared with more than one attempt. Data were also collected for fetal gestational age at delivery, neonatal birth weight, estimated fetal weight, head circumference, biparietal diameter, and abdominal circumference. Parametric and nonparametric statistical tests used p < 0.05 as significant.
Results In total, 93 neonates met the inclusion criteria. The mean estimated fetal weight was 675 g (standard deviation [SD] ± 140), and the mean neonatal birth weight was 706 g (SD ± 151). The median interval between fetal ultrasound and delivery was 3 days (range: 0–7 days). A total of 45 neonates (48.3%) required more than one intubation attempt. The median number of intubation attempts was 1 (range: 1–10). There was no association between intubation difficulty and fetal abdominal circumference, biparietal diameter, head circumference, gestational age, estimated fetal weight, and neonatal birth weight (all p > 0.05).
Conclusion Standard biometry in periviable neonates does not predict intubation difficulty.
Junge Psychiater auf der Suche nach der Identität ihres Faches
Authors: Calliess I. T. , Finger M. , Treichel K. , Gerber S. I. 
Published: September 2018

ZusammenfassungDer Wandel im Gesundheitssystem, die Errungenschaften aus Bildgebung und Genetik sowie die internationale Klassifizierbarkeit psychischer Störungen haben das Selbstverständnis des Psychiaters stark verändert. Zudem haben Abgrenzungsprobleme des Facharztes für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie von den Neurowissenschaften und der Psychosomatik in den letzten Jahren zu einer Identitätskrise unseres Faches beigetragen. Dies führt zu der Notwendigkeit, das Profil des Facharztes für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie kritisch zu reflektieren und neu zu schärfen. Die veränderten gesundheitspolitischen und -ökonomischen Rahmenbedingungen führen zu der Erkenntnis, dass der wesentliche existenzgefährdende Faktor für die Kliniken die Verknappung des ärztlichen Nachwuchses ist. Zur Gewährleistung von befriedigenden Rahmenbedingungen in der Medizin ist jedoch ein Umdenken erforderlich, wenn man bedenkt, dass die Rekrutierung und Weiterbildung des ärztlichen Nachwuchses die Achillesferse zunehmend privat wirtschaftender Kliniken sein wird. Im Rahmen der European Psychiatric Association (EPA) als auch der World Psychiatric Association (WPA) sind Komitees für Assistenten und junge Fachärzte gegründet worden und haben sich als Young Psychiatrists Programs auf den entsprechenden Kongressen etabliert. Es hat sich der Gedanke durchgesetzt, dass der Nachwuchsproblematik im Bereich der Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie nur durch eine gezielte Nachwuchsförderung begegnet werden kann. Das Referat „Young Psychiatrists“ möchte für diesen Diskurs als Forum der deutschen Fachgesellschaft dienen, damit das Fach Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie als Weiterbildungsoption weiterhin eine attraktive Alternative darstellt.
Hormonersatztherapie des Mannes
Authors: Zitzmann Michael 
Published: September 2018

AbstractTestosterone is a natural hormone which is essential to maintain physical and emotional wellbeing in men. Male hypogonadism is an endocrine condition of testosterone deficiency with the potential to cause multiple morbidities and psychosocial complaints. The condition can be of primary (testicular), secondary (hypothalamic-pituitary) or so-called functional origin (as a result of inflammatory conditions, obesity or chronic illness). Testosterone deficiency can cause symptoms of sexual nature, insulin resistance, osteoporosis, anemia among others. A replacement of testosterone should not be initiated in case of desired paternity, unclear processes of the prostate, mammary gland, or high hematocrit. Diagnosis and treatment as well as surveillance of the therapy of hypogonadism are clearly regulated by international guidelines and replacement therapy is proven to be effective to ameliorate the above-named complaints when performed according to these guidelines.
Sounds fully simplified
Authors: Leddington Jason P 
Published: September 2018

AbstractIn ‘The Ockhamization of the event sources of sound’, Casati et al. (2013) argue that ‘ockhamizing’ Casey O’Callaghan’s account of sounds as proper parts of their event sources yields their preferred view: that sounds are identical with their event sources. This article argues that the considerations Casati et al. marshal in favour of their view are actually stronger considerations in favour of a quite different view: a variant on the Lockean conception of sounds as ‘sensible qualities’ that treats sounds as audible properties of their event sources.
The Onto-Epistemologies of New Materialism: Implications for Applied Linguistics Pedagogies and Research
Authors: Toohey Kelleen 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe Douglas Fir Group (2016) argued that applied linguistics needed new interdisciplinary perspectives, and I suggest here that the concepts provided by new materialism might aid in gaining such perspectives. New materialism foregrounds the material nature of humans, discourses, machines, other objects, other species, and the natural environment, as well as constant change, non-binary thinking, and the porosity of boundaries; it also asks for the posing of new problems and new concepts to ‘bring forth a world distinct from what we already are’ (Colebrook and Weinstein 2017: 4). Refusing the central binaries and hierarchies of Cartesian thinking, new materialism’s relational ontology stresses becoming; people, discourses, practices, and things are continually in relation and becoming different from what they were before. New materialist conceptions of knowledge/knowing and language/languaging are also relational, processual, and entangled. I review recent new materialist educational research and present two descriptions of events in my own research to show what pedagogical and research-oriented questions might be stimulated from this perspective.
Sparse Representation in Awake Auditory Cortex: Cell-type Dependence, Synaptic Mechanisms, Developmental Emergence, and Modulation
Authors: Liang Feixue , Li Haifu , Chou Xiao-lin , Zhou Mu , Zhang Nicole K , Xiao Zhongju , Zhang Ke K , Tao Huizhong W , Zhang Li I 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Sparse representation is considered an important coding strategy for cortical processing in various sensory modalities. It remains unclear how cortical sparseness arises and is being regulated. Here, unbiased recordings from primary auditory cortex of awake adult mice revealed salient sparseness in layer (L)2/3, with a majority of excitatory neurons exhibiting no increased spiking in response to each of sound types tested. Sparse representation was not observed in parvalbumin (PV) inhibitory neurons. The nonresponding neurons did receive auditory-evoked synaptic inputs, marked by weaker excitation and lower excitation/inhibition (E/I) ratios than responding cells. Sparse representation arises during development in an experience-dependent manner, accompanied by differential changes of excitatory input strength and a transition from unimodal to bimodal distribution of E/I ratios. Sparseness level could be reduced by suppressing PV or L1 inhibitory neurons. Thus, sparse representation may be dynamically regulated via modulating E/I balance, optimizing cortical representation of the external sensory world.
Male and Female Partner-Caregivers’ Burden: Does It Get Worse Over Time?
Authors: Swinkels Joukje C , Broese van Groenou Marjolein I , de Boer Alice , Tilburg Theo G van 
Published: September 2018

Abstract

Background and Objectives
The general view is that partner-caregiver burden increases over time but findings are inconsistent. Moreover, the pathways underlying caregiver burden may differ between men and women. This study examines to what degree and why partner-caregiver burden changes over time. It adopts Pearlin’s Caregiver Stress Process Model, as it is expected that higher primary and secondary stressors will increase burden and larger amounts of resources will lower burden. Yet, the impact of stressors and resources may change over time. The wear-and-tear model predicts an increase of burden due to a stronger impact of stressors and lower impact of resources over time. Alternatively, the adaptation model predicts a decrease of burden due to a lower impact of stressors and higher impact of resources over time.

Research Design and Methods
We used 2 observations with a 1-year interval of 279 male and 443 female partner-caregivers, derived from the Netherlands Older Persons and Informal Caregivers Survey Minimum Data Set. We applied multilevel regression analysis, stratified by gender.

Results
Adjusted for all predictors, caregiver burden increased over time for both men and women. For female caregivers, the impact of poor spousal health on burden increased and the impact of fulfillment decreased over time. Among male caregivers, the impact of predictors did not change over time.

Discussion and Implications
The increase of burden over time supports the wear-and-tear model, in particular for women. This study highlights the need for gender-specific interventions that are focused on enabling older partners to be better prepared for long-term partner-care.
Influence of Nonpolio Enteroviruses and the Bacterial Gut Microbiota on Oral Poliovirus Vaccine Response: A Study from South India
Authors: Praharaj Ira , Parker Edward P K , Giri Sidhartha , Allen David J , Silas Sophia , Revathi R , Kaliappan Saravanakumar Puthupalayam , John Jacob , Prasad Jasmine Helan , Kampmann Beate , Iturriza-Gómara Miren , Grassly Nicholas C , Kang Gagandeep 
Published: September 2018

AbstractBackgroundOral poliovirus vaccine (OPV) is less immunogenic in low- or middle-income than in high-income countries. We tested whether bacterial and viral components of the intestinal microbiota are associated with this phenomenon.MethodsWe assessed the prevalence of enteropathogens using TaqMan array cards 14 days before and at vaccination in 704 Indian infants (aged 6–11 months) receiving monovalent type 3 OPV (CTRI/2014/05/004588). Nonpolio enterovirus (NPEV) serotypes were identified by means of VP1 sequencing. In 120 infants, the prevaccination bacterial microbiota was characterized using 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing.ResultsWe detected 56 NPEV serotypes on the day of vaccination. Concurrent NPEVs were associated with a reduction in OPV seroconversion, consistent across species (odds ratio [95% confidence interval], 0.57 [.36–.90], 0.61 [.43–.86], and 0.69 [.41–1.16] for species A, B, and C, respectively). Recently acquired enterovirus infections, detected at vaccination but not 14 days earlier, had a greater interfering effect on monovalent type 3 OPV seroresponse than did persistent infections, with enterovirus detected at both time points (seroconversion in 44 of 127 infants [35%] vs 63 of 129 [49%]; P = .02). The abundance of specific bacterial taxa did not differ significantly according to OPV response, although the microbiota was more diverse in nonresponders at the time of vaccination.ConclusionEnteric viruses have a greater impact on OPV response than the bacterial microbiota, with recent enterovirus infections having a greater inhibitory effect than persistent infections.