bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Institutional drivers of born-public ventures
Authors: DeGhetto Kaitlyn , Sutton Trey , Zorn Michelle L. 
Published: March 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to identify and theoretically delineate the government-based institutional drivers of “born-public ventures” – ventures that seek to fulfill government contracts or sell goods and services to government agencies.Design/methodology/approachThe authors develop theory that explains how the government influences the pursuit of public sector opportunities, thereby influencing where new ventures expend their finite effort. Specifically, the authors use institutional theory to delineate the regulatory, cognitive, and normative drivers of born-public ventures. In doing so, the authors highlight both the government’s regulative and non-regulative institutional influences. Finally, the authors present a research agenda to encourage further understanding of this important phenomenon.FindingsThe authors find that the government can affect the allocation of finite entrepreneurial effort toward or away from public sector opportunities by using regulative, normative, and cognitive institutional forces. This influence is important because entrepreneurship targeted at the public sector likely has broad implications for the economy and society as a whole.Originality/valueDespite recent attention to questions about entrepreneurial allocation, scholars have largely overlooked the importance of why some new ventures choose to allocate their effort toward public sector opportunities. Given the growing number of public sector opportunities and the potential economic and societal implications associated with pursuing these opportunities, research is needed to understand this allocative choice. By introducing the phenomenon of born-public ventures and outlining important research questions, this theoretical paper provides the foundation for further work on this topic.
Evaluating relief center designs for disaster relief distribution
Authors: Ozen Merve , Krishnamurthy Ananth 
Published: March 2018

Purpose
Relief item distribution to victims is a key activity during disaster response. Currently many humanitarian organizations follow simple guidelines based on experience to assess need and distribute relief supplies. However, the interviews with practitioners suggest a problem in efficiency in relief distribution efforts. The purpose of this paper is to develop a model and solution methodology that can estimate relief center (RC) performance, measured by waiting time for victims and throughput, for any RC design and analyze the impact of key design decisions on these performance measures.

Design/methodology/approach
Interviews with practitioners and current practice guidelines are used to understand relief distribution and a queuing network model is used to represent the relief distribution. Finally, the model is applied to data from the 2015 Nepal earthquake.

Findings
The findings identify that dissipating congestion created by crowds, varying item assignment decisions to points of distribution, limiting the physical RC capacity to control congestion and using triage queue to balance distribution times, are effective strategies that can improve RC performance.

Research limitations/implications
This research bases the RC designs on Federal Emergency Management Agency guidelines and assumes a certain area and volunteer availability.

Originality/value
This paper contributes to humanitarian logistics by discussing useful insights that can impact how relief agencies set up and operate RCs. It also contributes to the queuing literature by deriving analytic solutions for the steady state probabilities of finite capacity, state dependent queues with blocking.
Peer-to-peer accommodation and sustainability in Mountain areas
Authors: Dornier Raphaël , Selmi Noureddine 
Published: March 2018

PurposeThis paper aims to formulate assumptions on home sharing users’ sensitivity toward sustainability in mountain areas and define the sustainability indicators that may be used to search for home-based accommodation in mountain areas.Design/methodology/approachThe paper is based on a literature review of key terms: mountain tourism, peer-to-peer accommodation and sustainability indicators.FindingsTourists in mountain areas are more likely to be sensitive toward sustainability than in urban areas, so they are likely to expect home sharing websites to provide sustainability criteria for selecting their accommodation.Practical implicationsHome sharing platforms should offer to mountain tourists the possibility to search for and assess home-based accommodation using sustainability criteria.Originality/valueMost studies on peer-to-peer accommodation were designed in urban areas. The authors state that in mountain areas, tourists are more sensitive toward sustainability and would therefore be more inclined to consider sustainability in their search for a home-based accommodation.
We All Make Mistakes: A ‘Duty of Virtue’ Theory of Restitutionary Liability for Mistaken Payments
Authors: Penner J. E. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractIn contrast to the moral foundations of contract, tort, and the law of property, which are generally regarded as elements of Kantian ‘right’, the liability to return the value of mistaken payments is, it is argued, an example of the law's enforcing a duty of virtue, the legalisation of the duty of beneficence in a way similar (though not identical) to how the law might instantiate a duty of easy rescue. Accordingly, one of Birks's most cherished theses – that the law of unjust enrichment represents a distinctive element of private law – can be made out: it is distinctive in having an entirely different normative source: in virtue, not in right. But this result comes at a cost: (1) a legal system could function more or less justly without such a liability; (2) Birks's thesis that liability for mistaken payment is the archetype or paradigmatic case of liability for unjust enrichment would have to be abandoned; and (3) we would have to recognise that the ground of this liability is policy‐motivated.
Ideological Neutrality in the Workplace
Authors: Adams Zoe , Adenitire John Olusegun 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThis note assesses the decisions of the Court of Justice of the European Union in Achbita v G4S Secure Solutions NV and Bougnaoui v Micropole SA, the first cases dealing with religious discrimination under the Equal Treatment Directive 2000/43. Both cases concerned Muslim women wishing to express their religious beliefs by wearing an Islamic headscarf while working in a private undertaking. The Court held that the employees’ dismissal could not be justified by reference to clients’ prejudices against the headscarf. However, dismissal could be justified if pursued on the basis of a corporate policy of ideological neutrality which prohibited all visible religious, political and philosophical symbols. This note criticises the latter part of the Court's decision for, inter alia, placing too much weight on an employer's freedom to run its business in spite of the grave effects this has on employees’ fundamental right to manifest their beliefs at work.
Do we need warm leaders? Exploratory study of the role of voter evaluations of leaders’ traits on turnout in seven European countries
Authors: FERREIRA DA SILVA FREDERICO , COSTA PATRÍCIO 
Published: March 2018

AbstractPrevious research on leader effects has focused exclusively on the impact of voters’ evaluations of leaders on vote choice, disregarding possible effects on the prior step of deciding whether or not to turn out to vote. In line with the personalisation of politics thesis, leaders have a higher impact among dealigned voters. Previous studies have demonstrated that leader effects are stronger among voters who voice their dealignment – namely party switchers. However, the potential impact of leaders among those who exited (i.e., who have abstained) is still unstudied. Could leaders have a mobilisation effect and therefore trigger turnout decisions? What characteristics of party leaders are more relevant in this regard? This article is the first comparative study to examine how the evaluation of party leaders’ traits influences voter turnout in general elections. The work incorporates data from election studies across seven countries with different social contexts (Portugal, Spain, Ireland, Germany, United Kingdom, Italy and Hungary). Characteristics of leaders were grouped into two dimensions – competence and warmth – in accordance with the stereotype content model and relevant studies on leaders’ traits evaluation. Multiple binary logistic regression models were performed to analyse the predictive power of competence and warmth on turnout, controlling for sociodemographic, political ideology variables and voters’ past political behaviour. Results reinforce the personalisation of politics theory, showing the utmost relevance of warmth personality traits of leaders in voter turnout decisions. Competence personality traits were found to be relevant only in some situations. Interaction effects were also demonstrated between warmth evaluations and identifying with a right‐wing party as well as past political behaviour with both warmth and competence.
The role of management and trade union leadership on dual commitment: The mediating effect of the workplace relations climate
Authors: Fortin‐Bergeron Chloe , Doucet Olivier , Hennebert Marc‐Antonin 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThis article examines the effect of transformational and laisser‐faire leadership on the part of local union leaders and immediate supervisors on the dual commitment of unionised workers. Building on the social information processing perspective, it is suggested that these leadership styles are linked to commitment through the workplace relations climate (WRC). Based on a sample of 834 unionised workers, our results suggest that WRC represents an important mechanism explaining the effect of the immediate supervisor's leadership in unionised settings. Results also show that transformational leadership on the part of union representatives is positively linked to union and organisational commitment. This article contributes to the WRC and dual commitment literatures by going beyond structural and institutional explanations and considering relational and actor‐related variables, such as leadership styles.
The Who, When, and Where of Executive Nominations: Integrating Agency Independence and Appointee Ideology
Authors: Hollibaugh Gary E. , Rothenberg Lawrence S. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractIn recent years, scholars have expended considerable efforts to understand the executive appointment process and the forces influencing the choices made by the president and the Senate. However, some factors integral to theoretical models have not been well integrated empirically, and other relevant factors have not been incorporated much at all. Here, we focus on one determinant corresponding to the former critique—nominee ideology—and another corresponding to the latter—the independence of decision makers in the targeted agencies. We examine a series of theoretically driven hypotheses regarding the effects of both ideology and independence on who gets nominated and if and when nominees are eventually confirmed. Results show nominee ideology and decision maker independence matter a great deal and factor into presidential strategic choices and senatorial responses in ways according to expectations. Our findings have important ramifications for understanding appointments empirically and for future theoretical development.
Prominent Role Models: High‐Profile Female Politicians and the Emergence of Women as Candidates for Public Office
Authors: Ladam Christina , Harden Jeffrey J. , Windett Jason H. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractCan prominent female politicians inspire other women to enter politics? A woman occupying a high‐profile office directly impacts women's substantive representation through her policy actions. Here, we consider whether these female leaders also facilitate a mobilization effect by motivating other women to run for office. We posit that prominent women in politics serve as role models for other women interested in political careers, causing an increase in female candidates. We test this theory with data from the American states, which exhibit considerable variation in the sex of state legislative candidates and the high‐profile offices of governor and U.S. senator. Using a weighting method and data spanning 1978–2012, we demonstrate that high‐profile women exert substantively large positive effects on female candidates. We conclude that women in major offices are crucial for women's representation. Beyond their direct policy impact, they amplify women's political voice by motivating more women to enter politics.
Development of a selective androgen receptor modulator for transdermal use in hypogonadal patients
Authors: Krishnan V. , Patel N. J. , Mackrell J. G. , Sweetana S. A. , Bullock H. , Ma Y. L. , Waterhouse T. H. , Yaden B. C. , Henck J. , Zeng Q. Q. , Gavardinas K. , Jadhav P. , Saeed A. , Garcia‐Losada P. , Robins D. A. , Benson C. T. 
Published: March 2018

SummaryWe have identified a non‐steroidal selective androgen receptor modulator (SARM), termed LY305, that is bioavailable through a transdermal route of administration while highly cleared via hepatic metabolism to limit parent compound exposure in the liver. Selection of this compound and its transdermal formulation was based on the optimization of skin absorption properties using both in vitro and in vivo skin models that supported PBPK modeling for human PK predictions. This molecule is an agonist in perineal muscle while being a weak partial agonist in the androgenic tissues such as prostate. When LY305 was tested in animal models of skeletal atrophy it restored the skeletal muscle mass through accelerated repair. In a bone fracture model, LY305 remained osteoprotective in the regenerating tissue and void of deleterious effects. Finally, in a small cohort of healthy volunteers, we assessed the safety and tolerability of LY305 when administered transdermally. LY305 showed a dose‐dependent increase in serum exposure and was well tolerated with minimal adverse effects. Notably, there were no statistically significant changes to hematocrit or HDL after 4‐week treatment period. Collectively, LY305 represents a first of its kind de novo development of a non‐steroidal transdermal SARM with unique properties which could find clinical utility in hypogonadal men.
Platelet‐leucocyte aggregation is augmented in cirrhosis and further increased by platelet transfusion
Authors: Støy S. , Patel V. C. , Sturgeon J. P. , Manakkat Vijay G. K. , Lisman T. , Bernal W. , Shawcross D. L. 
Published: March 2018

SummaryBackgroundThrombocytopenia and circulating dysfunctional immune cells are commonly observed in patients with cirrhosis. Platelets may form complexes with neutrophils, monocytes and T cells modulating their function. We recently reported increased frequencies of platelet‐complexed neutrophils in cirrhosis with evidence of neutrophil activation upon contact with healthy platelets in vitro. Whether this occurs in vivo following platelet transfusion and contributes to systemic inflammation and endothelial activation is unknown.AimsTo characterise platelet‐leucocyte aggregation in cirrhosis and to determine whether elective platelet transfusion results in perturbations associated with changes in markers of haemostasis, inflammation or endothelial activation.MethodsWe collected blood from cirrhotics (n = 19) before and following elective platelet transfusion. We measured platelet‐leucocyte aggregation, activation and function, and markers of platelet activation, systemic inflammation and endothelial activation by flow cytometry. Haemostasis was assessed by thromboelastometry and plasma haemostatic proteins.ResultsWe observed a 2.5‐fold increase in platelet‐complexed neutrophils in patients with cirrhosis compared with healthy subjects and twofold more platelets attached per monocyte and T cell. All platelet‐complexed leucocytes expressed higher levels of activation markers and platelet‐complexed neutrophils had higher resting oxidative burst and phagocytic capacity than their nonplatelet‐complexed counterparts (P < 0.001); most pronounced in patients with cirrhosis. Paradoxically, platelet‐complexed leucocyte frequency decreased with increasing MELD score. Platelet transfusion increased soluble CD40 ligand (platelet activation marker), the frequency of platelet‐complexed monocytes (P < 0.05) and improved haemostatic status.ConclusionCirrhotic patients have activated circulating platelet‐complexed leucocytes with increased platelet‐monocyte aggregation following elective platelet transfusion. Elective platelet transfusion might therefore exacerbate immune dysfunction in cirrhosis.
Validation of the oesophageal hypervigilance and anxiety scale for chronic oesophageal disease
Authors: Taft T. H. , Triggs J. R. , Carlson D. A. , Guadagnoli L. , Tomasino K. N. , Keefer L. , Pandolfino J. E. 
Published: March 2018

SummaryBackgroundOesophageal hypervigilance and anxiety can drive symptom experience in chronic oesophageal conditions, including gastro‐oesophageal reflux disease, achalasia and functional oesophageal disorders. To date, no validated self‐report measure exists to evaluate oesophageal hypervigilance and anxiety.AimsThis study aims to develop a brief and reliable questionnaire assessing these constructs, the oesophageal hypervigilance and anxiety scale (EHAS).MethodsQuestions for the EHAS were drawn from 4 existing validated measures that assessed hypervigilance and anxiety adapted for the oesophagus. Patients who previously underwent high‐resolution manometry testing at a university‐based oesophageal motility clinic were retrospectively identified. Patients were included in the analysis if they completed the EHAS as well as questionnaires assessing symptom severity and health‐related quality of life at the time of the high‐resolution manometry.ResultsNine hundred and eighty‐two patients aged 18‐85 completed the study. The EHAS demonstrates excellent internal consistency (α = 0.93) and split‐half reliability (Guttman = 0.87). Inter‐item correlations indicated multicollinearity was not achieved; thus, no items were removed from the original 15‐item scale. Principal components factor analysis revealed two subscales measuring symptom‐specific anxiety and symptom‐specific hypervigilance. Construct validity for total and subscale scores was supported by positive correlations with symptom severity and negative correlations with health‐related quality of life.ConclusionsThe EHAS is a 15‐item scale assessing oesophageal hypervigilance and symptom‐specfic anxiety. The EHAS could be useful in evaluating the role of these constructs in several oesophageal conditions in which hypersensitivity, hypervigilance and anxiety may contribute to symptoms and impact treatment outcomes.
Cytochrome P450 Induction and Xeno‐Sensing Receptors Pregnane X Receptor, Constitutive Androstane Receptor, Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor and Peroxisome Proliferator‐Activated Receptor α at the Crossroads of Toxicokinetics and Toxicodynamics
Authors: Hakkola Jukka , Bernasconi Camilla , Coecke Sandra , Richert Lysiane , Andersson Tommy B. , Pelkonen Olavi 
Published: March 2018

AbstractPregnane X receptor (PXR), constitutive androstane receptor (CAR), aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) and peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor α (PPARα) are ligand‐activated transcription factors that regulate expression of many xenobiotic‐metabolizing enzymes including several cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes. Many xenobiotics induce CYP enzymes through these intracellular receptors and consequently affect toxicokinetics and possible metabolic activation of the receptor ligands and other xenobiotics utilizing similar metabolic pathways. However, it is now apparent that the xenobiotic receptors regulate also many endogenous functions and signalling pathways, and xenobiotic exposure thus may dysregulate an array of fundamental cell functions. This MiniReview surveys and discusses the multifaceted roles of xenobiotic receptors, for which CYP induction may serve as the first alert and possibly a biomarker for exposure to xenobiotics. With the current emergence of the adverse outcome pathway (AOP) concept, these receptors are being and will be assigned as molecular initiating events or key events in numerous discrete toxicity pathways.
Dysregulation of miRNA and its potential therapeutic application in schizophrenia
Authors: Cao Ting , Zhen Xue‐Chu 
Published: March 2018

SummaryAlthough it is generally believed that genetic and developmental factors play critical roles in pathogenesis of schizophrenia, however, the precise etiological mechanism of schizophrenia remains largely unknown. Over past decades, miRNAs have emerged as an essential post‐transcriptional regulator in gene expression regulation. The importance of miRNA in brain development and neuroplasticity has been well‐established. Abnormal expression and dysfunction of miRNAs are known to involve in the pathophysiology of many neuropsychiatric diseases including schizophrenia. In this review, we summarized the recent findings in the schizophrenia‐associated dysregulation of miRNA and functional roles in the development and pathogenesis of schizophrenia. We also discussed the potential therapeutic implications of miRNA regulation in the illness.
Initial evaluation of the effects of an environmental‐focused problem‐solving intervention for transition‐age young people with developmental disabilities: Project TEAM
Authors: Kramer Jessica M , Helfrich Christine , Levin Melissa , Hwang I‐Ting , Samuel Preethy S , Carrellas Ann , Schwartz Ariel E , Goeva Aleksandrina , Kolaczyk Eric D 
Published: March 2018

AimProject TEAM (Teens making Environment and Activity Modifications) teaches transition‐age young people with developmental disabilities, including those with co‐occurring intellectual or cognitive disabilities, to identify and resolve environmental barriers to participation. We examined its effects on young people's attainment of participation goals, knowledge, problem‐solving, self‐determination, and self‐efficacy.MethodWe used a quasi‐experimental, repeated measures design (initial, outcome, 6‐week follow‐up) with two groups: (1) Project TEAM (28 males, 19 females; mean age 17y 6mo); and (2) goal‐setting comparison (21 males, 14 females; mean age 17y 6mo). A matched convenience sample was recruited in two US states. Attainment of participation goals and goal attainment scaling (GAS) T scores were compared at outcome. Differences between groups for all other outcomes were analyzed using linear mixed effects models.ResultsAt outcome, Project TEAM participants demonstrated greater knowledge (estimated mean difference: 1.82; confidence interval [CI]: 0.90, 2.74) and ability to apply knowledge during participation (GAS: t[75]=4.21; CI: 5.21, 14.57) compared to goal‐setting. While both groups achieved significant improvements in knowledge, problem‐solving, and self‐determination, increases in parent reported self‐determination remained at 6‐week follow‐up only for Project TEAM (estimated mean difference: 4.65; CI: 1.32, 7.98). Significantly more Project TEAM participants attained their participation goals by follow‐up (Project TEAM=97.6%, goal‐setting=77.1%, p=0.009).InterpretationBoth approaches support attainment of participation goals. Although inconclusive, Project TEAM may uniquely support young people with developmental disabilities to act in a self‐determined manner and apply an environmental problem‐solving approach over time.What this paper adds

Individualized goal‐setting, alone or during Project TEAM (Teens making Environment and Activity Modifications) appears to support attainment of participation goals.

Project TEAM appears to support young people with developmental disabilities to apply an environmental problem‐solving approach to participation barriers.

Parents of young people with developmental disabilities report sustained changes in self‐determination 6 weeks after Project TEAM.