bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Green and Highly Efficient Naphthalimide Visible Photoinitiator with an Ability Initiating Free Radical Polymerization under Air
Authors: Yang Jianjing , Xu Can , Xiong Ying , Wang Xiaoling , Xie Yujun , Li Zhen , Tang Hongding 
Published: November 2018

AbstractA visible photoinitiator, 2‐(2‐(1,3‐dioxo‐6‐(piperidin‐1‐yl)‐1H‐benzo[de]‐isoquinolin‐2(3H)‐yl)ethoxy)ethyl acrylate (ND‐O‐EA), for attenuating the oxygen inhibition in the free radical polymerization, is designed and synthesized. The results show that it has an outstanding ability to overcome oxygen inhibition demonstrated by the fact that no induction period is observed during the free radical polymerization of the acrylate in the air. A possible preferred intramolecular hydrogen‐abstraction reaction in which a peroxyl radical regenerates a new carbon radical through a stable six‐member ring intermediate, should correspond to its anti‐oxygen capacity. After 1 min of irradiation under air atmosphere, the double‐bond conversion of 1,6‐hexanediol diacrylate in the ND‐O‐EA system can be up to 13.3%, while the camphorquinone‐N‐methyldiethanolamine (CQ‐MDEA) system is about 8.0%, and the phenylbis(2,4,6‐trimethylbenzoyl)phosphine oxide (BAPO) is only 0.13%. Furthermore, as a one‐component polymerizable photoinitiator, the mass fraction of the extracted ND‐O‐EA is about 6.2% with respect to the initial quality after photopolymerization.
Gallol‐Tethered Injectable AuNP Hydrogel with Desirable Self‐Healing and Catalytic Properties
Authors: Zhao Qiuxia , Mu Shengdong , Liu Xiong , Qiu Guirong , Astruc Didier , Gu Haibin 
Published: November 2018

AbstractInjectable self‐healing hydrogels have drawn growing attention for their extensive applications in biomedical fields. Hydrogels containing nanoparticles also exhibit promising potentials in catalysis, wastewater treatment, and organic synthesis. Inspired by the multifunction of gallol presented herein, a simple one‐pot method to produce a gallol‐tethered gelatin hydrogel via Schiff base under oxidizing conditions using various oxidants is presented. The hydrogels prepared by NaIO4‐induced cross‐linking present a high self‐healing rate (up to 84.5%), injectable ability, tunable mechanical property, flexible viscoelasticity, and macroporous structure owing to the combination of covalent cross‐linking and supramolecular interactions. HAuCl4 contributes to the 3D structure formation of the gelatin hydrogel via oxidation cross‐linking. It is reduced by the gallol groups to produce nanogold (AuNP)‐decorated hydrogel (Au‐gel). This Au‐gel is fully characterized by UV–vis, XRD, TEM, SEM, EDX, and ICP‐MS and exhibits a high‐catalytic activity for the reduction of 4‐nitrophenol. The solid Au‐gel catalyst is robust, easily recyclable, and reused at least eight times.
Water Soluble Polymer Flocculants: Synthesis, Characterization, and Performance Assessment
Authors: Vajihinejad Vahid , Gumfekar Sarang P. , Bazoubandi Behnaz , Rostami Najafabadi Zahra , Soares João B. P. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractWater soluble polymer flocculants are important constituents of solid–liquid separation units for the treatment of a variety of process‐affected effluents. The systematic development of a flocculant relies on a good understanding of flocculation process, polymer synthesis, polymer characterization, and, not the least, flocculation performance assessment as desired for a particular treatment process, all of which are essential to establish meaningful relationships between flocculant microstructure and flocculation efficiency. The aim of this article is to communicate the bigger picture of this research area to the readers. The recent advances in the application of bio/natural, synthetic, and stimuli‐responsive flocculants are reviewed. Then, the basic polymer reaction engineering tools to control the microstructure of flocculants are provided and the techniques for the quantification of flocculant microstructure are concisely discussed. This is followed by a review of the methods used for the characterization of particle‐polymer force measurement, and flocculation/dewatering assessment with attention to the characterization of aggregate structures.
Comparing Risperidone and Olanzapine to Tetrabenazine for the Management of Chorea in Huntington Disease: An Analysis from the Enroll‐HD Database
Authors: Schultz Jordan L. , Kamholz John A. , Nopoulos Peg C. , Killoran Annie 
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACTIntroductionHuntington's chorea (HC) is commonly managed with neuroleptic medications, though there is little evidence to support their use. This study aimed to perform a real‐world comparison of the efficacy of risperidone and olanzapine to tetrabenazine (TBZ) for HC.MethodsThe Enroll‐HD database was used to perform a propensity score‐matched comparison of risperidone and olanzapine to TBZ, regarding their efficacy in controlling chorea. Participants with motor manifest Huntington's disease (HD) were grouped according to their use of risperidone, olanzapine, or TBZ. For the three groups, independent propensity score matching was performed on participants’ baseline total functional score (TFC), baseline total motor score (TMS), disease burden score, CAG repeat length, baseline age, region, sex, and body mass index. Independent samples t test was used to calculate the differences between the groups in the annual rate of change of the TMS from the baseline to the second available visit.ResultsThe risperidone (n = 72) and olanzapine groups (n = 77) had annualized increases (worsening) in the TMS of only 1.47 points and 3.20 points, respectively, compared to 5.70 points in the two matched TBZ groups (n = 72) (P = 0.019) and (n = 77) (P = 0.143), respectively.ConclusionsIn the absence of prospective data, this analysis of the Enroll‐HD database found that the neuroleptics risperidone and olanzapine seemed to at least be comparable to TBZ at controlling HC. These results demonstrate that neuroleptics may have comparable efficacy to TBZ for the treatment of HC. Further prospective studies are needed to confirm these findings.
Spectrum of Movement Disorders in 18p Deletion Syndrome
Authors: Crosiers David , Blaumeiser Bettina , Van Goethem Gert 
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACTBackgroundDeletion of the short arm of chromosome 18 leads to 18p deletion syndrome. Clinical features include short stature, facial dysmorphism, mental retardation, and several types of movement disorders.MethodsThe 18p deletion syndrome in our patient was diagnosed using karyotype analysis and confirmed by genome‐wide single‐nucleotide polymorphism array. We have performed a literature search and summarized all previously reported patients with 18p deletion syndrome and movement disorders.ResultsWe present a 41‐year‐old male patient with childhood‐onset generalized dystonia. Dystonia is the most prevalent movement disorder in 18p deletion patients, with onset ranging from childhood to adulthood. Chorea, myoclonus, tremor, tics, and ataxia have been reported in a minority of these patients.ConclusionDystonia is commonly observed in 18p deletion syndrome. The variable size of the deletion on 18p is probably responsible for the broad phenotypic variability of movement disorders in this syndrome.
Associations of genetic variants in endocytic trafficking of epidermal growth factor receptor super pathway with risk of nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate
Authors: Li Bing , Ma Lan , Zhang Chi , Zhou Zhixuan , Yuan Hua , Jiang Hongbing , Pan Yongchu , Tan Qian 
Published: November 2018

AbstractBackgroundThe genetic etiology of nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (NSCL/P) has not been fully clarified to date. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) was reportedly involved in its biological establishment and regulation of cell migration during the embryonic stage.MethodsWe selected a super pathway of endocytic trafficking of EGFR and investigated the associations of single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the super pathway with the risk of NSCL/P by analyzing our published genome‐wide association study (GWAS) data from 504 NSCL/P individuals and 455 controls. After the false discovery rate (FDR) control, we conducted linkage disequilibrium (LD) analyses and conditional regression analyses to obtain independent lead SNPs. We performed LD analyses between the lead SNPs and the reported SNPs to find novel ones from our study. We annotated the lead SNPs and investigated their mapped genes in silico.ResultsA total of 82 SNPs showed a statistical association with the risk of NSCL/P after FDR control. They contained three reported SNPs which were g.117068049G>A (rs7078160), g.117086783C>G (rs10886040), and g.117101266G>T (rs17095681). Four independent lead SNPs were obtained, including g.116979803 T>C (rs1905539) and g.117037960A>G (rs7902502) at 10q25.3, g.35720163G>C (rs75656820) at 17q12, and g.156864512G>A (rs1800877) at 1q23.1. Three of them were in low LD (r2 < 0.5) with the reported SNPs except g.117037960A>G (rs7902502), so these three were newly identified. Lead SNPs were mapped to three genes: SHTN1, AP2B1, and NTRK1. The three genes were relatively more highly expressed in the human craniofacial region and in the proximal maxillary location during the craniofacial development stage of the embryonic mouse.ConclusionOur results suggested that SHTN1, AP2B1, and NTRK1 might be associated with the development of NSCL/P.
The Anti‐Arthritis Effect of Olive‐Derived Maslinic Acid in Mice is Due to its Promotion of Tissue Formation and its Anti‐Inflammatory Effects
Authors: Shimazu Kyoko , Fukumitsu Satoshi , Ishijima Tomoko , Toyoda Tsudoi , Nakai Yuji , Abe Keiko , Aida Kazuhiko , Okada Shinji , Hino Akihiro 
Published: November 2018

ScopeA previous study demonstrated that intake of olive pomace extract containing maslinic acid (MA), a triterpene, effectively prevents and alleviates arthritis in animals and humans. Here, the molecular mechanisms involved in the anti‐arthritis effect of MA have been elucidated by determining gene expression changes induced by olive‐derived MA intake in collagen antibody‐induced arthritis (CAIA) mice.Methods and resultsMice are divided into the untreated (CT), CAIA (CA), and CAIA administered MA (CA + MA) groups. The CA + MA mice are fed MA at a daily dose of 200 mg kg–1of body weight from day 1. CAIA is then induced on day 8 and evaluated on day 12. Arthritis symptoms are alleviated, and the gene expression of inflammatory cytokines is reduced in the CA + MA group compared with the CA group. A DNA microarray analysis of synovial membranes reveals that MA alters the expression levels of genes related to inflammation, including glucocorticoid responses, immune responses, and the extracellular matrix.ConclusionsThe preventive effect of MA on arthritis is attributable to the promotion of tissue formation as well as suppression of inflammation in the synovium via inactivation of Toll‐like receptor signaling and downregulation of leukotrienes through the glucocorticoid receptor.
Nutritionally Derived Metabolic Cues Typical of the Obese Microenvironment Increase Cholesterol Efflux Capacity of Adipose Tissue Macrophages
Authors: O'Reilly Marcella E. , Kajani Sarina , Ralston Jessica C. , Lenighan Yvonne M. , Roche Helen M. , McGillicuddy Fiona C. 
Published: November 2018

BackgroundCholesterol retention within plasma membranes of macrophages is associated with increased inflammatory signaling. Cholesterol efflux via the transporters ABCA1, ABCG1, and SR‐BI to high‐density lipoprotein (HDL) particles is a critical mechanism to maintain cellular cholesterol homeostasis. Little is known about the impact of the obese microenvironment on cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC) of macrophages. In this study, the CEC of obese‐derived primary adipose‐tissue macrophages (ATM) is evaluated and the in vivo microenvironment is modeled in vitro to determine mechanisms underlying modulated CEC.Materials and MethodsF4/80+ ATM are labeled with 3H‐cholesterol ex vivo, and CEC and ABCA1/ABCG1 protein levels are determined. Total, ABCA1‐dependent, and ABCA1‐independent CECs are determined in J774 macrophages polarized to M1 (LPS&IFNγ), M2 (IL‐4&IL‐13), or metabolic phenotypes (glucose, insulin, and palmitic acid).ResultsObese ATM exhibit enhanced CEC and ABCA1 and ABCG1 expression compared to lean ATM. In contrast, ABCA1‐CEC is suppressed from M1 polarized macrophages compared to untreated in vitro, by activation of the JAK/STAT pathway. Incubation of macrophages in vitro in high glucose augments cAMP‐induced ABCA1 protein expression and ABCA1‐CEC.ConclusionsThese novel findings demonstrate remarkable plasticity of macrophages to respond to their environment with specific modulation of ABCA1 depending on whether classical pro‐inflammatory or metabolic cues predominate.
Low‐profile wideband Fabry‐Perot resonator antenna using artificial magnetic conductor surface
Authors: Tran Huy Hung , Nguyen‐Trong Nghia , Nguyen Truong Khang 
Published: November 2018

AbstractA low‐profile, high gain Fabry‐Perot Resonator antenna with a wide operation bandwidth (BW) is presented in this paper. The proposed design consists of an ellipse‐shaped dipole as a wideband radiating source, which is reflected by an artificial magnetic conductor ground plane to achieve low‐profile structure. The antenna gain can be significantly enhanced by the use of a half‐wavelength‐thick dielectric slab as a partial reflecting surface. Additionally, this dielectric slab also contributes to improving the radiation pattern characteristics of the proposed design, especially in the high frequency region. A final prototype with an overall size of 1.2λ
L × 1.2λ
L × 0.4λ
L (λ
L is free‐space wavelength at the lowest frequency of 3‐dB gain BW) has been fabricated to validate the concept. The measured results show that the proposed antenna yielded a wide 3‐dB gain BW of approximately 50.3% with a peak gain of 14 dBi and impedance matching BW of 48.9%.
Preconditioning for boundary control problems in incompressible fluid dynamics
Authors: Heidel Gennadij , Wathen Andy 
Published: November 2018

SummaryPDE‐constrained optimization problems arise in many physical applications, prominently in incompressible fluid dynamics. In recent research, efficient solvers for optimization problems governed by the Stokes and Navier–Stokes equations have been developed, which are mostly designed for distributed control. Our work closes a gap by showing the effectiveness of an appropriately modified preconditioner to the case of Stokes boundary control. We also discuss the applicability of an analogous preconditioner for Navier–Stokes boundary control and provide some numerical results.
Klippel–Feil syndrome with associated cervical rib in a human skeleton from Wągrowiec (Poland, 14th–17th centuries)
Authors: Drupka Beata , Wysocka Joanna , Nowaczewska Wioletta 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThis paper presents congenital anomalies characteristic of Klippel–Feil syndrome, type II, diagnosed in the skeleton of a young to middle‐aged woman uncovered in a cemetery adjacent to the Church of St. Jacob the Apostle in Wągrowiec (Poland), from a grave within an archaeological layer dated to the 14th–17th centuries. A rare type of fusion was identified between the sixth and seventh cervical vertebrae only, co‐occurring with a well‐developed right cervical rib fused to the shaft of the first thoracic rib and articulated via synovial joints with the seventh cervical vertebra. The fusion of the cervical vertebrae involved their bodies, right laminae, and parts of the right articular processes. The interpretation of the presence of Klippel–Feil syndrome is additionally supported by the absence of any evidence of trauma in the cervical region of the spine or of pathological changes in the skeleton indicative of diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis or ankylosing spondylitis. The formation of Schmorl's nodes and degenerative changes in apophyseal joint surfaces diagnosed in the cervical vertebrae were probably secondary in relation to the observed congenital anomalies. Additionally, examinations revealed ossified insertions of the ligamentum flavum and degenerative changes of the vertebrae in the lower region of the spine as well as incomplete posterior bridge of the atlas, torus mandibularis, and humerus septal aperture.
Screening and Identification of Pregnancy Zone Protein and Leucine‐Rich Alpha‐2‐Glycoprotein as Potential Serum Biomarkers for Early‐Onset Myocardial Infarction using Protein Profile Analysis
Authors: Xuan Chao , Li Hui , Li Le‐Le , Tian Qing‐Wu , Wang Qing , Zhang Bei‐Bei , Guo Jun‐Jie , He Guo‐Wei , Lun Li‐Min 
Published: November 2018

PurposeThe present study aims to discover novel serum biomarkers of early‐onset myocardial infarction (MI) using proteomic analysis.Experimental designIn the first stage, the iTRAQ‐coupled LC–MS/MS technique is utilized to investigate protein profiles of patients with early‐onset MI. In the second stage, these candidate proteins are validated using ELISA.ResultsA total of 538 proteins are quantified, with pregnancy zone protein (PZP), leucine‐rich α‐2‐glycoprotein (LRG) and Apolipoprotein C‐I (Apo C‐I) being upregulated and Apolipoprotein A‐I (Apo A‐I) and Apolipoprotein A‐IV (Apo A‐IV) downregulated in early‐onset MI patients. Results from the validation stage demonstrate that the serum concentrations of PZP and LRG are significantly increased in the early‐onset MI group. The correlation between the concentrations of C‐reactive protein (CRP) and the two candidate biomarkers is positive. Area under the curve values used to diagnose early‐onset MI for LRG and PZP are 0.939 and 0.874, respectively.Conclusions and clinical relevanceFive differential serum proteins are identified in early‐onset MI using proteomic analysis. Lipoprotein‐related biomarkers further demonstrate the close relationship between lipid metabolism and the disease. Inflammation‐associated LRG and PZP may be novel biomarkers of the disease. In addition, changes in these proteins may partly reveal the possible mechanisms in the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of early‐onset MI.
Front Cover: Cover Image, Volume 74, Issue 12
Authors: Xu Shu , Zhao Xingzeng , Liu Fei , Cao Yan , Wang Bi , Wang Xiangyun , Yin Min , Wang Qizhi , Feng Xu 
Published: November 2018

The front cover image describes the invasion of Xoo through the water pores (structurally resembles an ordinary stoma but is usually larger) of host plant. Based on the Research Article Crucial role of oxidative stress in bactericidal effect of parthenolide against Xanthomonas oryzae pv. Oryzae by Shu Xu et al., DOI: 10.1002/ps.5091.
image
A new variable control chart under failure‐censored reliability tests for Weibull distribution
Authors: Khan Nasrullah , Aslam Muhammad , Raza Syed Muhammad Muslim , Jun Chi‐Hyuck 
Published: November 2018

AbstractIn this paper, we propose a new variable control chart under type II or failure‐censored reliability tests by assuming that the lifetime of a part follows the Weibull distribution with fixed and stable shape parameter. The purpose is to monitor the mean and the variance of a Weibull process. In fact, the mean and the variance are related to the scale parameter. The necessary measures are given to calculate the average run length (ARL) for in‐control and shifted processes. The tables of ARLs are presented for various shift constants and specified parameters. A simulation study is given to show the performance of the proposed control chart. The efficiency of the proposed control chart is compared with a control chart based on the conditional expected value under type II censoring. An example is also given for the illustration purpose.
Virus detection by transmission electron microscopy: Still useful for diagnosis and a plus for biosafety
Authors: Roingeard Philippe , Raynal Pierre‐Ivan , Eymieux Sébastien , Blanchard Emmanuelle 
Published: November 2018

SummaryTransmission electron microscopy (TEM) is the only imaging technique allowing the direct visualization of viruses, due to its nanometer‐scale resolution. Between the 1960s and 1990s, TEM contributed to the discovery of many types of viruses and served as a diagnostic tool for identifying viruses directly in biological samples, either in suspension or in sections of tissues or mammalian cells grown in vitro in contact with clinical samples. The diagnosis of viral infections improved considerably during the 1990s, with the advent of highly sensitive techniques, such as enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and PCR, rendering TEM obsolete for this purpose. However, the last 20 years have demonstrated the utility of this technique in particular situations, due to its “catch‐all” nature, making diagnosis possible through visualization of the virus, without the need of prior assumptions about the infectious agent sought. Thus, in several major outbreaks in which molecular techniques failed to identify the infectious agent, TEM provided the answer. TEM is also still occasionally used in routine diagnosis to characterize infections not diagnosed by molecular assays. It is also used to check the microbiological safety of biological products. Many biopharmaceuticals are produced in animal cells that might contain little‐known, difficult‐to‐detect viruses. In this context, the “catch‐all” properties of TEM make it possible to document the presence of viruses or virus‐like particles in these products.
Nussbaum gain adaptive backstepping control of nonlinear strict‐feedback systems with unmodeled dynamics and unknown dead zone
Authors: Ma Hui , Liang Hongjing , Ma Hongjun , Zhou Qi 
Published: November 2018

SummaryThis paper investigates an adaptive state feedback control problem for a class of single‐input and single‐output nonlinear systems with strict‐feedback form. A novel adaptive control strategy is developed for nonlinear systems with unmodeled dynamics, unknown control directions, dynamic disturbances and unknown dead zone. To stabilize this category of systems, a dynamic signal is introduced to dominate the unmodeled dynamics. Nussbaum gain technique is used to overcome the unknown control directions problem. Nonlinear damping terms are framed to counteract the dynamic disturbances, and the assistant signal is constructed to compensate the influence of symmetric dead zone. The adaptive control approach ensures all signals in the closed‐loop system to be bounded. Finally, a numerical example is used to verify the effectiveness of the theoretical results.
Poly(ethylene glycol)/Polyvinyl chloride Composite Form‐Stable Phase‐Change Materials by the Azide‐Alkyne Click Reaction
Authors: Oktay Burcu 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThermal energy storage has become a key area in modern technology. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) is known to be an extremely effective solid–liquid phase change material (PCM). For efficient energy storage, alternative liquid–solid PCMs without encapsulation were designed. In particular, a series of PCMs, comprising PEG–stearate and PEG–stearate–Polyvinyl chloride (PVC), were prepared by the azide‐alkyne cycloaddition click reaction. The click reactions of azido‐PEG, azido‐PVC, and alkynyl stearate were carried out. The prepared polymers, PEG–stearate and PEG–stearate–PVC PCMs were characterized by Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectroscopy. The latent heat and thermal stability of PCMs were investigated by Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and Thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA). DSC results revealed that PCMs exhibit latent heat values ranging from 80 to 104 J/g at ‐2 and 46°C. In addition, PCMs exhibited high thermal stability with the increase in the content of PVC.