bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unilateral Congenital Choanal Atresia in a 48-Year-Old Patient
Authors: Ferraria Lília , Alves Sílvia , Rosa Helena , Santos Mário , Antunes Luis 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTAimTo report a case of unilateral choanal atresia diagnosed in a 48-year-old, presenting with fatigue as the major symptom. To highlight the importance of a detailed clinical history and physical examination for an accurate diagnosis.BackgroundChoanal atresia is an uncommon and often poorly recognized cause of unilateral or bilateral nasal obstruction. It is a congenital condition that occurs in approximately 1 in 5,000 to 8,000 live births.Case reportThis study reports a case of unilateral choanal atresia diagnosed in a 48-year-old presenting with fatigue as the major symptom. The patient presented with a lifelong history of tiredness investigated in cardiology. She was treated by a combined transseptal and transnasal endoscopic surgical technique. Topic use of mitomycin was performed with no use of stents, with clinical regression of the symptoms.ConclusionUnilateral choanal atresia usually presents in younger patients but can be undiagnosed until adulthood due to the nonspecific nature of the symptoms. This diagnosis should be, therefore, considered in all ages and bedside diagnostic procedures should, then, be done. Nasal endoscopy and computed tomography (CT) scan are the gold standard for the diagnosis. The use of stents and mitomycin C topically as an adjunct to the surgical repair of choanal atresia is a controversial subject.How to cite this articleFerraria L, Alves S, Rosa H, Santos M, Antunes L. Unilateral Congenital Choanal Atresia in a 48-Year-Old Patient. Int J Otorhinolaryngol Clin 2017;9(1):28-31.
Predictive Factors for Pregnancy after Intrauterine Insemination: A Retrospective Study of Factors Affecting Outcome
Authors: Patel Azadeh Pravin , Patel Megha Snehal , Shah Sushma Rakesh , Jani Shashwat Kamal 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT

Objectives
To determine the predictive factors for pregnancy after stimulated intrauterine insemination (IUI).

Materials and methods
A retrospective analysis of 136 patients undergoing 443 stimulated IUI cycles was done in an attempt to identify significant variables predictive of treatment success. The primary outcome measures were clinical pregnancy and live birth rates. Predictive factors evaluated were female age, duration of infertility, indication for IUI, number of preovulatory follicles, and postwash total motile fraction (TMF).

Results
The overall clinical pregnancy rate and live birth rate were 7.2% and 5.1 per cycle respectively. The mean number of IUI cycles per patient was 3.2, the miscarriage rate was 15%, and the multiple pregnancy rate was 3.1%. Among the predictive factors evaluated, female age (age > 37 years; p = 0.039), the duration of infertility (5.36 vs 6.71 years, p = 0.032), and the TMF (between 10 and 20 million, p = 0.003) significantly influenced the clinical pregnancy rate.

Conclusion
The clinical management of the selected infertile couple should be performed in an expedited manner taking into consideration the age of the woman, etiology, and duration of infertility and motile fraction of sperms.

How to cite this article
Patel AP, Patel MS, Shah SR, Jani SK. Predictive Factors for Pregnancy after Intrauterine Insemination: A Retrospective Study of Factors Affecting Outcome. J South Asian Feder Obst Gynae 2016;8(2):140-144.
Analysis of Cesarean Section Rate using Robson's Ten Group Classification System and comparing the Trend at a Tertiary Hospital for 2 Years
Authors: Prameela RC , Shilpa Gatta , Farha Asma , Prajwal S 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT

Aims and objectives
To classify the cesarean section (CS) in different groups of Robson's ten-group classification system (TGCS) and comparing the rate and relative size of groups with that of previous year at the tertiary hospital.

Materials and methods
This retrospective study was conducted in Cheluvamba Hospital, which is a tertiary hospital attached to Mysore Medical College & Research Institute, Mysuru, between January 1, 2014 and December 31, 2014. The data collected was compared with the previous year data between January 1, 2013 and December 31, 2013. The data collected included parity, mode of previous delivery, gestational age, onset of labor-spontaneous or induced, delivery notes of labor ward, and operative notes of CS. This data was then applied to the Robson's TGCS for the year 2014 and compared with that of 2013.

Results
The total deliveries during 2014 were 12,930 and in 2013 were 15,182. The number of CSs during 2014 was 3,793 and in 2013 it was 3,917. Cesarean section rate in 2014 was 29.33% while in 2013 it was 25.8%.
The CS rate has come down to half in group I (nulliparous, single, cephalic. 37 weeks, in spontaneous labor) and to onefourth in group III [multiparous (excluding previous CS) single, cephalic. 37 weeks, in spontaneous labor] in 2014.

Conclusion
Robson's TGCS is easy to classify.

Clinical significance
The study showed reduction in CS rate by half in group I and by one-third in group III in 2014 in our institution. This was probably due to the increased awareness among the staff of the institute by the previous year study about higher CS rate.

How to cite this article
Prameela RC, Shilpa G, Farha A, Prajwal S. Analysis of Cesarean Section Rate using Robson's Ten Group Classification System and comparing the Trend at a Tertiary Hospital for 2 Years. J South Asian Feder Obst Gynae 2016;8(3):175-180.
Comparative Study of Efficacy and Safety of Intravenous Labetalol and Intravenous Hydralazine in managing Hypertensive Emergencies in Pregnancy
Authors: Agarwal Mohita , Singh Richa , Anand Sneha , Yadav Neeraj Kumar 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT

Objectives
Evaluation of efficacy and safety of intravenous labetalol and intravenous hydralazine in managing hypertensive emergency in pregnancy.

Study design
An open, randomized comparison of intravenous labetatol vs intravenous hydralazine was conducted in 100 pregnant women presenting with hypertensive emergency during pregnancy.

Materials and methods: Inclusion criteria
Women with severe hypertension in pregnancy at 34 weeks of gestation or more, i.e., systolic BP ≥160 mm Hg or diastolic BP ≥ 110 mm Hg with or without proteinuria either in labor or not in labor.

Results
The antihypertensive efficacy of both the drugs was found to be comparable. The primary outcome in terms of BP control was achieved in both the groups. There were four treatment failures in labetalol group and none in hydralazine group. No significant difference was observed in maternal and fetal outcomes. Palpitation and tachycardia occurred significantly more often in patients treated with hydralazine. Bradycardia was significantly more frequent in labetalol group. The neonatal outcomes were similar per group.

Conclusion
The randomized clinical trial showed that labetalol and hydralazine fulfil the criteria required for an antihypertensive drug to treat severe hypertension in pregnancy. Hydralazine has its side effects like palpitation, headache, oliguria, dizziness, muscle cramps, and nasal congestion, which mimic symptoms of deteriorating pre-eclampsia. Labetalol has a better side effect profile, but specific concerns have been raised about the risk of neonatal bradycardia.

How to cite this article
Singh R, Singh S, Singh S, Agarwal M, Anand S, Yadav NK. Comparative Study of Efficacy and Safety of Intravenous Labetalol and Intravenous Hydralazine in managing Hypertensive Emergencies in Pregnancy. J South Asian Feder Obst Gynae 2016;8(3):185-188.
Desmoplastic Small Round Cell Tumor: A Rare but Aggressive Tumor in Young Women
Authors: Harish K , Nandini G , Padma K , Swamy ACV , Subramanian Murali 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT
Desmoplastic small round cell tumor (DSRCT) is a rare malignant neoplasm. It is primarily found in young men, with a reported male to female ratio of 4:1. The tumor typically develops in the abdominal cavity, invading the omentum with multiple peritoneal implants involving the diaphragm, splenic hilum, mesentery of the small and large bowel, and the pelvic peritoneum. Most of them have widespread disease at presentation, with an organ of origin difficult to ascertain. We report a case of desmoplastic round cell tumor in a 17-year-old teenage girl. Immunohistochemistry helped in the diagnosis. She received multimodality treatment.

How to cite this article
Nandini G, Harish K, Swamy ACV, Subramanian M, Padma K. Desmoplastic Small Round Cell Tumor: A Rare but Aggressive Tumor in Young Women. J South Asian Feder Obst Gynae 2016;8(3):239-242.
Tension-free Vaginal Tape vs Tension-free Obturator Tape for Treatment of Genuine Stress Urinary Incontinence: A 5-year Follow-up
Authors: Bhadana Priyanka 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo compare the effectiveness of tension-free vaginal tape (TVT) and tension-free obturator tape (TOT) in treatment of genuine stress urinary incontinence and study the related complications.Materials and methodsAbout 150 cases with complaints of stress urinary incontinence were taken during 5-year period, and they were confirmed urodynamically. Exclusion criteria included patients with diabetes mellitus, neurological disorders, other forms of incontinence, uterovaginal prolapse, urinary tract infection, and pregnancy. Out of 150 cases, 70 underwent TVT procedure and 80 were taken up for TOT. The outcome was studied at the end of 5 years.ResultsThe cure rate in the TOT group was 94%, which was slightly higher than the TVT group, which came out to be 90%. The failure rate in the TVT group was 1.1%, but no failure was encountered in the TOT group. However, the improvement rates were similar in each group. Comparing the complications in each group, the rate of bladder perforation and postoperative retention of urine was much higher in the TVT group. Postoperative voiding difficulties were also noticeably less in TOT group compared with TVT group. However, none of the cases in either group had de novo urgency.ConclusionBoth the procedures are a safe and effective method of curing stress incontinence; however, owing to slightly higher improvement rates and lower complications rate, TOT should be preferred over TVT.How to cite this articleBhadana P, Mittal P, Bachani S. Tension-free Vaginal Tape vs Tension-free Obturator Tape for Treatment of Genuine Stress Urinary Incontinence: A 5-year Follow-up. J South Asian Feder Obst Gynae 2017;9(2):89-93.
Acute Pancreatitis in Pregnancy: Maternal and Fetal Outcomes
Authors: Swarup Asha , Jyothi GS , Bhoosanoor Shruti R 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT

Aim and objective
To evaluate the maternal and fetal outcomes in patients with acute pancreatitis.

Materials and methods
It is a retrospective observational study. A total of three patients were admitted with acute pancreatitis complicating pregnancy between January 2013 and June 2015 in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, M. S. Ramaiah Medical College and Hospital, Bengaluru, India, and were followed up until after delivery.

Results
Incidence of acute pancreatitis in our study was 1 in 1,620. Mean age was 24 years, and 33.3% were multiparous. Mean gestational age at onset was 33 weeks. One patient (33.3%) in our study had hypertriglyceridemia (870 mg/dL), and 66.7% of patients were idiopathic. The most common complaint was epigastric pain radiating to back. All patients showed leukocytosis and elevated amylase and lipase levels. Ultrasound showed [1] enlarged pancreas with decreased peripancreatic echogenicity and [2] pelvic and abdominal cavity effusions, in all the patients. All patients were managed conservatively in the intensive care unit. Mean duration of hospital stay was 7 days; 33.3% patients developed acute respiratory distress syndrome; 33.3% patients went into preterm spontaneous vaginal delivery. Cesarean section rate was 66.7%. Perinatal mortality was 33.3%.

Conclusion
Acute pancreatitis in pregnancy remains a challenging clinical problem to manage. The initial assessment, severity, and the initial management of the patient are of great importance in order to support the function and to prevent maternal and fetal mortality and morbidity.

Clinical significance
Acute pancreatitis either in its mild or its severe form causes maternal and fetal morbidity. However, these rates are declining due to early diagnosis and greater treatment options. Multidisciplinary approach leads to good maternal and fetal outcomes.

How to cite this article
Jyothi GS, Bhoosanoor SR, Swarup A. Acute Pancreatitis in Pregnancy: Maternal and Fetal Outcomes. J South Asian Feder Obst Gynae 2017;9(2):100-103.
A Rare Case of Ovarian Fibroma in a Teenage Girl
Authors: Singh Vinita 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT

Introduction
The ovarian fibroma is a rare benign tumor that accounts for 4% of all ovarian tumors, which grow from the connective tissue of the ovarian cortex. Among the sex cord-stromal tumors, fibromas are the most commonly encountered subtype, accounting for almost two-third of neoplasms in this group. The mean age of presentation is 48 years.

Aims and objectives
We present an unusual case of fibroma of the ovary presenting at 19 years of age with ascites. Diagnosis in our case was also difficult despite all tumor marker tests and clinical imaging being done, and finally it was confirmed by histopathology report.

Discussion
Fibromas and thecomas belong to a spectrum of benign ovarian tumors that are derived from ovarian stroma. Fibromas are the most common sex cord tumors and account for approximately 3 to 4% of all ovarian neoplasms. Ovarian fibromas are benign tumors of the ovary, difficult to diagnose preoperatively and can clinically and biochemically mimic ovarian cysts, tubo-ovarian mass, uterine myoma, or ovarian malignancy.

Conclusion
Fibroma must be distinguished from several nonneoplastic ovarian processes, specifically massive edema, fibromatosis, and stromal hyperplasia. Imaging is helpful to diagnose, but histopathology can only confirm the diagnosis.

How to cite this article
Singh V. A Rare Case of Ovarian Fibroma in a Teenage Girl. J South Asian Feder Obst Gynae 2017;9(2):125-127.
Ectopic Pregnancy following Levonorgestrel Postcoital Contraceptive Pill
Authors: Sehgal Alka , Rani Shikha , Singh Anamika 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT

Aim and background
Emergency contraception (EC) is a boon, as it reduces the incidence of unintended pregnancies. Theoretically, failure of EC can lead to ectopic gestation. However, the causal relation between the failure of EC pill and ectopic pregnancy has not yet been established. The above effect is difficult to establish since all such cases may not get reported.

Case Report
We are reporting a case of ectopic pregnancy following levonorgestrel EC pill. This was a multiparous woman who was admitted with compliant of lower abdomen pain and irregular bleeding following use of levonorgestrel EC pill. She was diagnosed as a case of ectopic pregnancy and was operated for the same.

Conclusion
Emergency contraceptive pills should not be used as a regular contraceptive. Doctor should be consulted immediately in case of any menstrual irregularity following its use.

Clinical significance
As only theoretically we can say that EC pill leads to ectopic pregnancy so the word differential diagnosis is written in abstract. Exact explanation was given in the text.

How to cite this article
Rani S, Sehgal A, Singh A. Ectopic Pregnancy following Levonorgestrel Postcoital Contraceptive Pill. J South Asian Feder Obst Gynae 2017;9(2):131-132.
Effect of Bioconditioning on Surface Characteristics of Periodontally-affected Roots of Diabetic Patients
Authors: Eid Hossam A , Abdelaziz Khalid M , Eid Refaat A 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT

Objective
Advanced glycosylated end products (AGEs) in type II diabetic patients are usually precipitated on the periodontallyaffected root surfaces. The presence of periodontopathic microbes, at the same time, may also add a negative impact on the prognosis of the regenerative periodontal surgery. This in vitro study aimed to evaluate the effect of chemical conditioning on surface characteristics of periodontally-affected roots of diabetic patients.

Methods
Three groups (n = 25) of freshly-extracted teeth were collected from the outpatient clinics, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University. In group 1, teeth were collected from healthy individuals for orthodontic purpose. Teeth of group 2 were collected from healthy patients with chronic periodontitis, while those of group 3 were collected from diabetic patients with chronic periodontitis. Roots of the collected teeth were examined using the scanning electron microscope (SEM) before and after mechanical surface planning and chemical treatment using normal saline, EDTA gel, Tetracycline HCL (TC) or citric acid (CA) each for 4 minutes (n = 5 from each group).

Results
Interpretation of SEM images revealed undesirable etching effect of the chemicals used on the surfaces of healthy roots. Although EDTA showed an effective cleanse of the smear debris, it seemed to have no power on surface cuticles existed on roots of diabetic individuals. Tetracycline HCl provided acceptable conditioning of periodontally-affected root surfaces. Citric acid showed a powerful removal of both smear debris and cuticle layers off the periodontally-affected roots of diabetic individuals.

Conclusion
Topical application of EDTA, TC or CA shows sensible effect on the periodontally affected root surfaces. However, each of these chemicals exhibits different conditioning power. Citric acid is a promising agent to biomodify the periodontally-affected root surfaces of diabetic patients.

Clinical relevance
Citric acid is an acceptable biomodifier for the periodontally-affected root surfaces. This approach may improve the prognosis of periodontal therapies especially in type II diabetic patients.

How to cite this article
Abdelaziz KM, Eid HA, Eid RA. Effect of Bioconditioning on Surface Characteristics of Periodontally- affected Roots of Diabetic Patients. World J Dent 2014;5(2):81-86.
Digital Single Lens Reflex Photography in Clinical Orthodontics: Revolution or Evolution
Authors: Agarwal Anupam , Mahajan Shalu , Verma Santosh 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT
The field of dentistry has witnessed a ‘Digital Revolution’ in the recent past which has made the maintenance of patient's pretreatment and post-treatment records a necessary protocol. The speciality of orthodontics depends heavily on patient's records for various purposes including diagnosis and treatment planning and patient motivation. The recent upsurge in digital technology has been both inviting and confusing as an orthodontist finds himself in a dilemma regarding which camera to choose for orthodontic photography. This research article tries to develop an understanding about the cameras to choose for the above mentioned purpose and that whether digital SLR technology is really a revolution or just an evolution.

How to cite this article
Agarwal A, Mahajan S, Verma S. Digital Single Lens Reflex Photography in Clinical Orthodontics: Revolution or Evolution. World J Dent 2014;5(2):118-123.
Comparative Evaluation of the Efficacy of Topical Anesthetics in Reducing Pain during Administration of Injectable Local Anesthesia in Children
Authors: Bendgude Vikas , Walimbe Hrishikesh , Bijle Mohammed Nadeem Ahmed , Muchandi Sneha , Deshpande Rahul , Dolas Arti , Chaturvedi Shrishti 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTIntroductionPain control is an integral part of modern dentistry. Needle injection of local anesthetic which is the commonest modality of pain control itself proves to be painful for the child. Hence, it is important for the pediatric dentists to resort to a pain free method of administering local anesthesia for a patient. Topical anesthetics have proven to reduce the pain experience during administration of local anesthetic injection. The aim of this study is to evaluate and compare the efficacy of two topical anesthetic agents—EMLA 5% cream (Eutectic mixture of local anesthetics—Lignocaine 2.5% and prilocaine 2.5%) and Benzocaine 20% gel in reducing the pain during administration of local anesthetic injection in children.Materials and methodsEMLA 5% cream and Benzocaine 20% gel were used in the study. Children from mixed dentition age group between 6 and 9 years of age were selected. The two selected topical anesthetics were applied on buccal mucosa at two different appointments in a given child, following which the local anesthetic was administered on the test site. The pain responses of the child were evaluated using the Wong Baker Faces Pain Rating Scale. The results were then statistically analyzed using Mann-Whitney U-test.ResultsEMLA 5% cream was three times highly effective in pain reduction than Benzocaine 20% gel.ConclusionEMLA 5% cream is comparatively better than benzocaine 20% gel with regards to pain reduction during the administration of local anesthetic injection in children.How to cite this articleWalimbe H, Muchandi S, Bijle MNA, Bendgude V, Deshpande R, Dolas A, Chaturvedi S. Comparative Evaluation of the Efficacy of Topical Anesthetics in Reducing Pain during Administration of Injectable Local Anesthesia in Children. World J Dent 2014;5(2):129-133.
Reliability of Teeth for Identification after Exposure to varying Degrees of Temperature
Authors: Amin Reshma , Shetty Pushparaja 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTIntroductionViolence and crime in human lives from bomb explosions, fire accidents, wars, plane crashes, and natural disasters make identification of victims difficult. The carbonized bodies, advanced stage of decomposition among other circumstances, highlight the need to employ faster, more accurate methods during identification of victims. This study was planned to evaluate the changes in teeth after exposure to varying levels of temperature simulating real-life fire disasters for forensic identification.Materials and methodsA total of 128 freshly extracted molars and premolars were collected from patients of age group between 12 and 70 years. Samples of 128 teeth were divided into three groups and were subjected to varying degrees of temperatures of 100°C, 200°C, 500°C, 600°C, 700°C, and 800°C in an electric furnace. After subjecting the teeth for each range of temperature, they were analyzed for morphological changes under stereomicroscope. Pulp available was processed for normal histological procedures for observation of the tissue under light microscope, and blood grouping of the pulp was done by adsorption and elution technique. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) quantification of the heat-treated teeth was done by ultraviolet spectrophotometry. The analysis of variance test and Tukey's test were used for multiple variables.ResultsThere were statistically significant results in DNA obtained from each temperature. The blood grouping from pulp was not available above 500°C. Furthermore, there was a progressive increase in the weight loss of teeth analyzed by the thermogravimetric method.ConclusionHeat-treated teeth with detectable amounts of DNA suggested it is useful to pursue further analysis, such as restriction enzyme digestion, polymerase chain reaction, and Southern blotting.How to cite this articleAmin R, Shetty P, Shetty V. Reliability of Teeth for Identification after Exposure to varying Degrees of Temperature. World J Dent 2017;8(2):96-103.