bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nonneoplastic Cystic Lesions of the Central Nervous System—Histomorphological Spectrum: A Study of 538 Cases
Authors: Bhatt Anusha S. , Mhatre Radhika , Nadeesh Bevinahalli N. , Mahadevan Anita , Yasha T. Chickabasaviah , Santosh Vani 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background A wide spectrum of non-neoplastic cystic lesions can occur in the central nervous system (CNS). These are uncommon, benign and of diverse aetiology, pathogenesis and clinical presentation.The spectrum of these lesion varies based on the location and in turn histogenesis.
Objectives To evaluate the pathologic spectrum of non-neoplastic cystic lesions in the CNS (both developmental and acquired) and highlight the role of histopathology in the diagnosis of these cystic lesions.
Settings and Design This was a retrospective study done at Department of Neuropathology,NIMHANS.
Materials and Methods All the histologically diagnosed non-neoplastic cystic lesions of CNS submitted to the Department of Neuropathology between 2014 and 2017 were reviewed in this study. The data was analysed in relation to the type of cysts, location(intracranial and spinal), and clinical profile using SPSS software version 17.0.
Results The study included 538 cases with patient age ranging from 5 months to 90 years [M:F:1:1.05]. Non-infective cysts (489/538, 90.8%) predominated over the infective cysts (49/539, 9.2%) with epidermoid cysts (132/538, 24.5%) being the most frequent one followed by colloid cysts (126/538, 23.4%) and arachnoid cysts (111/538,20.6%). The most common infective cyst was neurocysticercosis (42/538, 7.8%) followed by hydatid cyst (7/538, 1.3%). Intracranial cysts (415/538, 77.1%) were more common than spinal ones (123/538, 22.9%). Conclusions: A variety of cystic lesions occur in the CNS with overlapping clinical features, image findings and lining. Hence, histological analysis plays a crucial role in the evaluation of these lesions.
Low-Glycemic-Index Diet Relieving Migraine but Inducing Muscle Cramps
Authors: Finsterer Josef , Frank Marlies 
Published: October 2019

AbstractLow-glycemic-index diet (LGID) has been shown to exhibit a beneficial effect in patients with epilepsy, exercise-induced dyskinesia, writer's cramp, migraine, and in myopathic mice. A 57-year-old female with classical migraine with and without aura since 14 years of age and a frequency of 8 to 12 attacks per month experienced some relief using a nasal spray of zolmitriptan since 10 years. Occasionally, she developed a status migrainosus lasting up to 5 days. At the age of 57 years, she started an LGID and recognized a significant decline of frequency and intensity of her migraine attacks but also of other abnormalities shortly after starting the diet. After 8 weeks on the LGID muscle cramps of the left calve, which radiated to the thighs, buttocks, and from there to the right leg, accompanied by fasciculations developed. The slight modification of the LGID, naproxen, and novaminsulfon relieved the cramps. LGID may have a beneficial effect on classical migraine but may induce muscle cramps, which require modification of the LGID.
Is Single-Drug Prophylaxis in Migraine Prevention a Better Option than Combination Therapy? An Observational Study in a Rural Tertiary Care Center in North West India
Authors: Angra Monika , Bhardwaj Amit , Sharma Ashish , Kumar Girish , Singh Mandeep , Kaur Gurleen , Sharma Piyush 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background Migraine is a primary headache disorder that has a great impact on quality of life of patients. Pharmacologic therapy may be given in acute or abortive form and in the form of preventive therapy. In what form is preventive therapy to be given? Whether monotherapy is to be used or combination therapy? In what cases does combination therapy fare better than monotherapy? These queries are still unanswered.
Materials and Methods All patients with headache reporting to the outpatient department were screened, and those fulfilling inclusion criteria were included in the study. Those patients who had chronic daily headache (headache for 15 or more days in a month) or who had other comorbidities and those who were taking any other drugs and were pregnant were excluded from the study. Baseline parameters, duration of headache, frequency of attacks, severity, and location of headache, triggers, and aggravating factors were recorded. Then, patients were started on abortive and preventive therapy. The follow-up was done at 3 and 6 months and if required earlier. At each follow-up, data regarding frequency, severity, and adverse effects were recorded and analyzed.
Results We studied 105 patients of migraine, out of which 15 (14.3%) were males and 90 (85.7%) were females. Moreover, most (72%) of the patients were of the age group of 30 to 49 years. Only 11 (10.5%) patients required three or more preventive medicines for the control of headache and rest 94 (89.5%) patients were controlled on single (49 patients, i.e., 46.7%) or two 45, that is, 42.9% preventive medicines 49.
Conclusion For the newly diagnosed migraine cases, the single-drug preventive therapy is more useful than the combination of drugs.
Frontoethmoid Osteoma Causing Tension Pneumocephalus
Authors: Iplikcioglu Ahmet Celal , Karabag Hamza 
Published: October 2019

AbstractTension pneumocephalus is a life-threatening condition that is characterized by the accumulation of intracranial air, causing increased intracranial pressure. Paranasal sinus osteomas are common, slow-growing benign tumors usually diagnosed incidentally. Paranasal sinus osteomas causing tension pneumocephalus have been very rarely reported.
Yield of Muscle Biopsy in Patients with Findings of Myopathy on Electrodiagnostic Testing
Authors: Siddiqui Sarah Hasan , Ahmed Raheel , Awan Safia , Zain Ambreen , Khan Sara 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background The evaluation of neuromuscular diseases includes detailed clinical assessment, blood testing, electrodiagnostic studies (EDS), biopsy, and genetic tests. EDS alone cannot provide a specific diagnosis. Further testing in the form of genetic tests or muscle biopsy (MB) is required.
Objective The objective of the study is to evaluate the yield of MB in patients with findings of myopathy on electrodiagnostic testing and assess the factors affecting an abnormal biopsy outcome.
Methods Electromyography (EMG)/nerve conduction studies (NCS) performed for suspected myopathy over 5 years from 2011 to 2016, at the neurophysiology department of a tertiary care center in Pakistan, were reviewed. Based on inclusion criteria, records of 58 patients were retrospectively reviewed.
Results After an EMG/NCS diagnosis of myopathy, the frequency of MB testing was only 10.1%. The median age of patients was 26.5 years. The clinically suspected diagnosis was categorized into hereditary myopathy (n = 15, 25.9%) and acquired myopathy (n = 18, 31%). The positive predictive value of EMG is 77.2%. Twenty-eight (48.2%) patients had abnormal MB whereas 20 (34.4%) revealed normal findings. Factors significantly influencing an abnormal outcome of biopsy included moderate-to-severe elevation of creatine kinase (>2,000 U/L),presence of denervation changes, and severe myopathy on EMG.
Conclusion Even though the overall yield of MB testing may not be very high in our setting due to the unavailability of special techniques and expertise, certain factors can help to improve the diagnostic yield. Clinicians should encourage MB testing, especially in cases with strong clinical, laboratory and electrodiagnostic suspicion, and absence of genetic testing for suspected myopathy.
Choosing between Muscle and Fasciocutaneous Free Flap Reconstruction in the Treatment of Lower Extremity Osteomyelitis: Available Evidence for a Function-Specific Approach
Authors: Kovar Alexandra , Colakoglu Salih , Iorio Matthew L. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background Limb salvage in the setting of extremity osteomyelitis, though previously dependent on amputation, has been markedly improved through the application of free tissue flaps. Concern exists as to the utility of the fasciocutaneous flap to combat infection verses the traditional muscle flap. Prior studies have shown success with fasciocutaneous flaps in these patients, but given the small series, the choice remains controversial. The goal of this article was to determine if there is statistical evidence for flap choice in the setting of extremity osteomyelitis.
Methods A systematic review utilizing Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines was completed of the current literature pertaining to the treatment of extremity osteomyelitis and flap reconstruction within the MedLine and PubMed databases. Six hundred forty-six studies were reviewed and ultimately 31 were included in the final analysis.
Results Eight hundred seventy-eight flap reconstructions were identified. Of the 588 muscle flaps, 7.8% (n = 46) had recurrence of osteomyelitis after an average of 36.1 (8.0–111.6) months follow-up. There were seven cases (4.3%) of osteomyelitis recurrence in the 163 fasciocutaneous flap group after an average of 29.8 (18.2–44.6) months follow-up (p = 0.165). Secondary outcomes such as flap loss, hematomas, and infection were analyzed without statistically significant differences between the muscle and fasciocutaneous flap groups.
Conclusion Selection of flap type is less important than adequate debridement, appropriate antibiotic selection, and sufficient duration of treatment. This study demonstrates that within the literature, fasciocutaneous flaps have a lower recurrence rate of osteomyelitis compared with muscle flaps. As such, fasciocutaneous flaps are appropriate for reconstruction and treatment of extremity osteomyelitis.
Neurological Manifestations of Sanjad–Sakati Syndrome: New Three Reported Cases from Tunisia
Authors: Bouattour Nadia , KamounFeki Fatma , Bouchaala Wafa , Ben Nsir Siham , Triki Chahnez 
Published: October 2019

AbstractSanjad–Sakati syndrome (SSS), or hypoparathyroidism–mental retardation dysmorphism syndrome, is a rare autosomal recessive congenital disorder characterized by congenital hypoparathyroidism, growth and neurodevelopmental delay, acute symptomatic seizures due to hypocalcemia, and dysmorphic features. The syndrome is underdiagnosed, and neurological manifestations are not previously described. We report three Tunisian patients with SSS revealed by acute symptomatic hypocalcemic epileptic seizures. Despite the well-controlled seizures, patients tend to continue having poor growth and neurological outcome. The diagnosis of SSS allowed for proper treatment of the patients, prevented associated comorbidities, and provided genetic counseling to their families.
Quasi-Monte Carlo technique in global sensitivity analysis of wind resource assessment with a study on UAE
Authors: Tsvetkova Olga , Ouarda Taha B. M. J. 
Published: October 2019

The present paper bridges mathematical modeling and wind resource assessment (WRA). Sensitivity analysis (SA) links portions of output variance to the variance in each input variable. Global SA (GSA) explores inputs globally. One-at-a-time SA is dominating in WRA, while GSA is often overlooked. Compared to traditional methods, GSA offers potential improvement by the means of the quasi-Monte Carlo (QMC) technique with its elaborate sampling designs enabling faster convergence. The main novelty of this work is twofold: the use of QMC in WRA and Sobol method as a variance-based GSA method in WRA. This paper is among a few using GSA in WRA. Two case studies were conducted. One shows that QMC with sampling based on Sobol sampling outperforms Latin hypercube sampling and pseudorandom sampling. It also shows that in terms of accuracy of results, the brute-force calculation of Sobol sensitivity indices (SI) should be used whenever the model allows it; otherwise, SI can be estimated. Another case study demonstrates a valid GSA study for WRA at Masdar City, United Arab Emirates. The results suggest that the influence of the variance in Weibull parameters on annual energy production (AEP) might be overestimated, while found to be responsible for 2% of AEP uncertainty, and the influence of the variance in air density might be overlooked, while found to account for 94%. WRA studies would benefit greatly from using the QMC and Sobol method. The Sobol method is a universal GSA method, providing valid results for nonlinear models typical for WRA, and QMC provides global scalability, model independence, and flexibility in uncertainty quantification.
Climate change mitigation and adaptation strategies for construction activities within planetary boundaries: Limitations of developing countries
Authors: Tunji-Olayeni PF , Omuh IO , Afolabi AO , Ojelabi RA , Eshofonie EE 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Continued unsustainable human activities have ushered in a new climate regime where storms have become more intense, droughts periods are now longer, floods are incessant and the occurrence of wild fires more frequent. Mitigating the effects of climate change is crucial for minimizing the occurrence of hazards associated with climate change. Adapting to this new climate era is important for the continued existence of life on planet earth. This paper presents a review of climate mitigation and adaptation strategies with specific focus on the construction industry. It discusses the following climate mitigation and adaptation strategies: use of green energy, use of sustainable building materials, construction of high rise buildings and living building elements, use of innovative designs and construction methods and recycling of urban waste. The paper also argues that developing countries are most vulnerable to climate change effects but certain factors limit them from mitigating and adapting to climate change.
Cement saturation and the effect on stability and compressive strength of concrete
Authors: Odumade Adegboyega O. , Ezeah Chukwunonye , Ugwu Onuegbu O. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
This research work is aimed at determining the effect of saturation of cement on the stability and compressive strength of concrete. Three different mix ratios were considered: 1:1½:3, 1:2:4 and 1:3:6; alongside three different water - cement ratios: 0.55, 0.60 and 0.65. The key concrete characteristics checked for were stability, workability and compressive strength. Results indicate that mix ratio 1:1½:3 produced a high workability for the three cement ratios considered, mix ratio 1:2:4 produced a low workability for water cement ratio 0.55 and 0.60 and a high workability for 0.65; while for mix ratio 1:3:6, a dry mix was produced for the three water cement ratios considered, thereby requiring additional water which eventually gave a low workability. The compressive strength results indicate that the mix with the highest values of strength were 1:1½:3 at water – cement ratio of 0.55 with a strength of 29.3N/mm2after 28 days and 1:2:4 at water – cement ratio of 0.55 and strength of 26.4N/mm2 after 28 days. The mixes with the least strength are 1:3:6 at water - cement ratio of 0.65 having a strength of 13.6N/mm2 after 28 days, and 1:3:6 at water – cement ratio of 0.60 with strength of 13.3N/mm2 after 28 days. The deduction is also made that for the three mix ratios considered, the most suitable water – cement ratio is 0.55 based on stability and compressive strength.
Effective workspace design: imperative in resolving problem of increasing fluidity of knowledge-based academic activities in universities
Authors: Adenipekun M. T. , Ajibola M. O. , Oluwunmi A. O. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Academic workspace is globally witnessing paradigm shift in designs in the contemporary time. This is as a result of the increasing fluidity of academic work in recent time and the requests emanating from industries for commercialisation of research findings. This has prompted the global attempts to standardize workspace designs particularly in knowledge-based work that contained many different activities. Benefits outlined in this new designs underline activity based work environments with outlined space utilisation and effectiveness. This paper expressed the fact that effectiveness of workers in universities depends on the adequacy and effectiveness of workspace provided. Against this background is this compares of the National University Commission (NUC) workspace standard in Nigeria with the International standards. This is with a view to improving the existing designs of Nigerian academic workspace. Data gathered from literature were used as International Benchmark to compare with the National University Commission (NUC) Benchmark. These data were analysed using tables. Findings showed that design of academic workspace in Nigerian universities is both environmentally and technologically below the contemporary time international requirements. This paper concludes that the situation of academic workspace design in Nigerian universities still leaves gap for improvement to meet international benchmark. It recommends that Federal Government of Nigeria (FGN) should encourage the adoption of minimum standard of academic workspace facilities that will compare favourably with international standard for better effective international research collaboration and job performance in universities. Managers, authorities of universities, academia, facilities managers, real estate managers, planners, designers, developers and investors in academic facilities to synergise and develop user-friendly workspace that can flow with the fluidity of knowledge work in academia.
Air quality estimation Over Tamale using aerosol-loading parameters
Authors: Emetere M.E. , Abodunrin T.J. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Air quality over Tamale requires urgent attention due to several years of anthropogenicpollutions. The aerosol optical depth (AOD) was obtained from satellite measurement, that is, Multi-angle Imaging Spectro-Radiometer (MISR). The dataset was first treated and then separated using the average monthly values. The average AOD dataset was used to estimate the aerosol loading over Tamale using the West Africa Regional Scale Aerosol Dispersion model (WARSDM). The dataset presented in this paper is necessary to understand the physical implications of satellite measurements and the risk involved if actions are not taken.
Dynamics of pollution from bush burning: Analysis from first principles
Authors: Emetere M.E. , Aghogho E. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The hazards of bush burning are enormous to human health and climate system. The study looks into the dynamics of bush burning with the focus to develop a recovery plan for regions with poor atmospheric ventilation. The analysis was considered using the first principles on air pollution. Varying initial and boundary conditions were considered to derive the best outcome.
Computational extrapolation of municipal waste generation in Nigeria
Authors: Emetere M.E. , Jumbo H. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Estimating municipal waste pollution in developing countries is quite complicated because there is little or no effort by sanitation officer to embark on this laudable task. Aside helping health officer to understand the dynamics of disease outbreak, it is a new concept in alternative energy generation. In this paper, the artificial neural network (ANN) and fuzzy logic (ANFIS tool) was used to estimate municipal waste generation for Nigeria. The primary dataset was obtained from the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) database. It was discovered that the municipal energy generation over Nigeria is huge and calls for government intervention.
A Systematic Review of Current Trends in Web Content Mining
Authors: Samuel Makinde Opeyemi , Tolulope Afolabi Ibukun , Oyejoke Oladipupo Olufunke 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Knowledge in web documents, Relevance ranking of webpages and so on are some of the under-researched areas in web content mining (WCM). Apart from the general data mining tools used for knowledge discovery in web, there have been few attempts at reviewing WCM and these were from the perspective of the methods used and the problems solved but not in sufficient depth. This existing literature review attempts does not also reveal which problems have been under-researched and which application area has the most attention when it gets to WCM. The goal of this systematic review is to make available a comprehensive and semi-structured overview of WCM methods, problems and solutions proffered. To provide a comprehensive literature review on this subject, 57 publications which include journals, conferences proceeding, and workshops were considered between the periods of 1999-2018. The findings reveal that updating dynamic content, efficient content extraction, eliminating noise blocks etc remain the most prominent challenges associated with WCM with a very high attention on solving these problems in a more efficient manner. Also, most of the solutions proffered to the problems still come with their various limitations which make this area of research fertile for future research. Caching dynamic web data. With regard to content, the techniques used for content extraction in WCM consist of used Data Update Propagation (DUP), Association rule, Object Dependence Graphs, classification techniques, Document Object Model, Vision-Based Segmentation, Hyperlink-Induced Topic Search and so on. Finally, the study revealed that WCM has been mostly applied to general websites which include random webpages seeking to extract specific parameters. The review was able to identify the limitations of the current research on the subject matter and identify future research opportunities in WCM.
Advancement on Cloud Attenuation Modelling in Tropical Ota Climatic Zone
Authors: Adewusi O. M. , Omotosho T.V. , Akinyemi M. L. , Akinwumi S. A. , Ometan O. O. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
This is a further study on development of the cloud attenuation model for improvement of the availability of satellite services in tropical Ota (6.7oN, 3.23oE) climatic zone. The radiometric data analysis has been re-evaluated for better accuracy through the Matlab embedded into the data processing electronic spreadsheets. The collection of station data such as the spectrum analyser beacon measurements of the total attenuation at re-established elevation angle 59.9° to Astra 2(E-G) satellites located at 28.2°E; the station weather parameters and the clouds parameters visual measurements; as well as the acquisition of station climatic zone radiosonde data were carried out. Then the station spectrum analyser data for 2014 - 2017 were analysed to obtain cloud attenuation contributions from the total attenuation measurement. Cloud attenuation distributions outputs of these data analyses were used to obtain the station integrated cumulative distribution for each of the existing cloud models and the 2014 – 2017 integrated data. The results at the station beacons frequency of 12.245 GHz show wide gap between the 3.40 dB maximum cloud attenuation by the Ota spectrum analyser integrated data cumulative distribution to the 0.81 dB maximum cloud attenuation predicted by its closest ITU-R model, while next in closeness is the Liebe model, followed by Slobin model. This recommends a new cloud attenuation model be developed for the tropical region. The earlier published cloud attenuation algorithm is further developed with simulation program written to run its simulations cycles over possible range of maximum signal amplitudes, using the Ota climatic zone radiosonde empirical data (1953-2011) for computations of each cloud layer’s liquid water content and specific cloud attenuation coefficient. The cumulative distribution curves obtained were compared with those for each generated simulation distribution and the closest match to the station integrated data cumulative distribution became the new cloud attenuation model for Ota climatic zone. The new model predicted 4.0 dB margin for signals to pass through clouds attenuation effect in the Ota climatic zone, revealing that the prediction for cloud attenuation by the earlier models largely under estimate the margin for the tropical region.