bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Using strength-based approaches to fulfil academic potential in degree apprenticeships
Authors: Saville Kelly-Mae , Birdi Gurkiran , Hayes Sarah , Higson Helen , Eperjesi Frank 
Published: June 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to highlight the positive academic and professional outcomes for students who undertake degree apprenticeships which use strength-based approaches in their curriculum and assessment. The design and implementation of programmes of work-based study which focus on an individual’s inherent talents are a new lens for higher education (HE), one that enables institutions to see diverse groups of students fulfil their potential and gain academic qualifications. Strength-based degree apprenticeships offer an effective way to align the needs of industry with the ambitions of individuals who wish to gain university level qualifications whilst in the workplace.Design/methodology/approachThe research adopted a mixed-methods approach. Semi-structured interviews with stakeholders in industry and HE were undertaken and thematically analysed. Student data were analysed quantitatively for students in the degree apprenticeship programmes which incorporate a strength-based approach to learning and assessment.FindingsThe findings from this study highlight that the degree apprenticeships’ strength-based curriculum and assessment have spearheaded its success. On average, degree apprentices attain 10 per cent higher grades than students undertaking the same programme through the traditional degree route. Moreover, the module design and tailored support has contributed to over 91 per cent of apprentices graduating with a 2:1 or above.Research limitations/implicationsThis research is exploratory in nature, focusing on one university’s experiences and outcomes regarding a strength-based approach curriculum and assessment on degree apprenticeships.Originality/valueThe findings describe how the knowledge exchange and culture of the HE sector has shifted, and the university’s efforts to make progressive relationships with employers. Moreover, this paper describes the challenges in designing curricula and assessing students based on the strengths and skills required for their employment, rather than university mandated learning outcomes. The findings of this paper could influence a strength-based framework for the development of degree apprenticeships in the UK.
Computer simulation of weld toe stress concentration factor sequence for fatigue analysis
Authors: Hou Chien-Yuan 
Published: June 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to complete fatigue analysis of welded joints considering both the crack initiation sites and crack coalescence, and to generate virtual welded specimens for computer simulation of fatigue life on a specimen-by-specimen basis; knowledge regarding the weld toe stress concentration factor (SCF) sequence is essential. In this study, attempts were made to analyze the sequence and to find a simple method to generate the sequence using computers.Design/methodology/approachLaser scanning technique was used to acquire the real three-dimensional weld toe geometry of welded specimens. The scanned geometry was digitally sectioned, and three-dimensional finite element (FE) models of the scanned specimens were constructed and the weld toe SCF sequence was calculated. The numbers in the sequence were analyzed using a simple autoregression model and the statistical properties of the sequence were acquired.FindingsThe autoregression analysis showed the value of a weld toe SCF is linearly related to its neighboring factor with a high correlation. When a factor value at a toe location is known, the neighboring factor can be simulated by a simple linear equation with a random residual. The weld toe factor sequence can thus be formed by repeatedly using the linear equation with a residual. The generated sequence exhibits close statistical properties to those of the real sequence obtained from FE results.Practical implicationsWhen the weld toe SCF sequence is known, it is possible to foresee potential crack locations and the subsequent crack coalescence. The results of the current study will be the foundation for the future work on fatigue analysis of welded joints considering the effects of crack initiation site and crack coalescence.Originality/valueThe weld toe SCF sequence was rarely discussed previously because of a lack of the available data. The current study is the first work to investigate the statistical properties of the sequence and found that a simple autoregression equation can be used to perform the analysis. This study is also the first work that successfully generates a weld toe SCF sequence, which can be used to simulate virtual welded specimens.
Understanding circular economy awareness and practices in manufacturing firms
Authors: Liakos Nikolaos , Kumar Vikas , Pongsakornrungsilp Siwarit , Garza-Reyes Jose Arturo , Gupta Bhumika , Pongsakornrungsilp Pimlapas 
Published: June 2019

PurposeCircular economy (CE) has evolved as a result of the growing environmental awareness, environmental legislation and the need for social responsibility. However, awareness levels of CE are not as high as expected and practices are further behind than they should be, with a significant lack of research around the subject in the literature. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to examine the current state of awareness levels and the practices around CE in manufacturing firms. Moreover, the study aims to empirically validate one of the earlier proposed CE models.Design/methodology/approachThe study adopts a quantitative survey questionnaire based approach. More than 500 people from various manufacturing organisations were contacted directly over a 40-day long sampling process through the FAME database, personal contacts and LinkedIn. The survey resulted in 103 completed responses. Given the exploratory nature of the study, the data were mainly analysed using descriptive statistics. To validate the CE model, a correlation analysis was also conducted.FindingsThe research findings show that with the growing emphasis on CE across the globe by governing bodies, firms are becoming more aware of CE practices. The analysis also shows some useful insights on the state of each of the pillars (economic benefits, environmental impact and resource scarcity) of CE. The findings also indicate that the environmental impact pillar of CE is at a more developed state than the other two pillars which are, mostly, in a research state.Research limitations/implicationsThe study provides manufacturing firms with a thorough understanding of the state of CE practices and importance of its successful implementation. The findings of the study advocates consideration of all three pillars of CE by managers as a guide to plan for an efficient strategy around CE implementation. Moreover, our study adds to existing efforts by the academic community to raise the awareness towards CE practice among all relevant stakeholders. The findings of this study are based on the responses from a limited 103 survey responses from manufacturing firms.Originality/valueThis study adds to the very limited empirical literature on CE awareness and practices in manufacturing firms. This is also one of the first studies attempting to empirically validate an existing CE model.
Virtual currency in sanctioned jurisdictions: stepping outside of SWIFT
Authors: Kirkpatrick Katherine , Savage Christine , Johnston Russell , Hanson Matthew 
Published: June 2019

Purpose
To understand and analyze sanctions evasion and enforcement via virtual currencies.

Design/methodology/approach
Discusses various jurisdictions’ attempts to further the use of virtual currency to facilitate and maximize access to international funds; analyzes the aspects that make virtual currency uniquely suited to evade sanctions; suggests best practices for industry participants to be sure to account for the differences in crypto asset structure and related risks.

Findings
The US Treasury Department’s Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC) has explicitly stated that despite virtual currency’s anonymity, industry participants are still responsible for policing and enforcing client compliance. Although sanctioned jurisdictions are thinking creatively about ways around SWIFT, the use of virtual currency to skirt sanctions presents certain challenges.

Practical implications
Virtual currency industry participants should understand OFAC’s specific guidance regarding compliance obligations in the cryptocurrency space, and should implement best practices and conservative measures to avoid unknowingly running afoul of sanctions laws.

Originality/value
Expert analysis and guidance from experienced investigations and sanctions lawyers.
Buffering the service failure-induced effect of anger on revenge
Authors: Walsh Gianfranco , Deseniss Alexander , Ivens Stefan , Schaarschmidt Mario 
Published: June 2019

Purpose
This paper aims to increase understanding of how the strength of the relationship between service failure-induced customer anger and revenge intentions might be influenced by attitudinal moderators that are both within and outside the realm of the service firm’s control. Drawing on past research, the authors hypothesize that customers’ perceptions of the corporate reputation and silent endurance constitute boundary conditions of the relationship between service failure-related customer anger and revenge intentions.

Design/methodology/approach
In line with past service failure research, the authors test the hypotheses using a scenario-based online experiment with 243 participants.

Findings
This research reaffirms the positive relationship between anger and revenge intentions and finds support for the hypothesized boundary conditions; customers with better corporate reputation perceptions and higher levels of silent endurance express weaker revenge intentions than those with poor corporate reputation perceptions and lower levels of silent endurance.

Originality/value
This research offers unique insights into how service organizations can buffer the detrimental effects of service failure-induced customer anger.
Modelling techno-sectoral innovation system
Authors: Azad Sayyed Mohsen , Khodabakhsh Pouria , Roshannafas Fatemeh , Ghodsypour Seyed Hassan 
Published: June 2019

Purpose
This study aims to scrutiny the performance of the petrochemical sector and the technological innovation life cycle. Also, the stage of the innovation life cycle for the sector is specified. Then, scenarios are designed to improve the speed of the sector development. For this reason, for synchronizing the petrochemical sector, this study tries to combine two innovation systems (technological and sectoral systems) called “techno-sectoral innovation system” under an integrated model. Furthermore, the “functions and driving motors” are expanded in the proposed model.

Design/methodology/approach
By combining two concepts of the innovation systems, the complexity of the system rises to some extent. Also, to model causal relationships in the sector and non-linear connections between variables, system dynamics approach is applied. During this phase, the flow diagram of the model is translated to a simulation programme using Vensim software. Model validation is investigated using a comparison of the actual with simulated values.

Findings
The results predict the functions state of the innovation system and detect activation of innovation motors in each stage of the innovation life cycle. Validation shows the acceptable error of the indices. It can be concluded that the sector is relatively in the development state. Four scenarios have been proposed for representing policies that sector uses to motivate its companies. The best scenario is the fourth one that divides resources with different weightings among companies to accelerate switching time between sector’s motors. Finally, the fourth scenario can improve the performance of the petrochemical.

Originality/value
The hybrid approach shows researchers that performance of an industry can be improved based on sectoral and technological at the same time. Thus, this case-based model can contribute to other researchers, as a base model. Also, it could be customized with parameters and the relationship between players and functions. Furthermore, a dynamic switch among the motors has been presented in the model.
Flow and heat transfer of non-Newtonian power-law fluids over a stretching surface with variable thermal conductivity
Authors: Yang Meng , Lin Yanhai 
Published: June 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the flow and heat transfer of power-law fluids over a non-linearly stretching sheet with non-Newtonian power-law stretching features.

Design/methodology/approach
The governing non-linear partial differential equations are reduced to a series of ordinary differential equations by suitable similarity transformations and the numerical solutions are obtained by the shooting method.

Findings
As the temperature power-law index or the power-law number of the fluids increases, the dimensionless stream function, dimensionless velocity and dimensionless temperature decrease, while the velocity boundary layer and temperature boundary layer become thinner for other fixed physical parameters. The thermal diffusivity varying as a function of the temperature gradient can be used to present the characteristics of flow and heat transfer of non-Newtonian power-law fluids.

Originality/value
Unlike classical works, the effect of power-law viscosity on the temperature field is considered by assuming that the temperature field is similar to the velocity field with modified Fourier’s law heat conduction for power-law fluid media.
A description of four science-based corporate GHG target-setting methods
Authors: Faria Pedro Cabral Santiago , Labutong Nicole 
Published: June 2019

Purpose
Amidst a growing interest in greenhouse gas (GHG) science-based target setting by businesses, it is becoming increasingly urgent to understand how these are set in theory and in practice.

Design/methodology/approach
Using a model framework for science-based methods, the authors compare four different science-based target-setting methods: sectoral decarbonization approach, linear emission reduction to target year, GHG emissions per unit of value added and corporate finance approach to climate stabilizing targets. Input and output variables, GHG scopes, allocation principles and mathematical formulations are described, followed by a discussion of the differences and similarities between methods.

Findings
The authors show GHG emission mitigation scenarios are as important in the determination of targets as the allocation principle.

Practical implications
For this reason, businesses should apply well-bellow 2ºC scenarios with robust sectoral and regional granularity and the science community should consider the needs of these groups of stakeholders.

Social implications
Policymakers should actively support efforts by corporations to set science-based targets and ensure that the research they commission can be translated into practical action by non-party stakeholders.

Originality/value
This paper contributes to the understanding of the theory and practice of science-based targets.
Social innovation and service delivery in Belgium and South Africa
Authors: Biljohn Maréve Inge , Lues Liezel 
Published: June 2019

Purpose
Social innovation (SI) remains a latent area in the South African local government (LG) sphere despite its growing use in public-sector service delivery globally. This paper aims to investigate the use of SI in the service delivery of LG through a comparison between the City of Ghent (CoG) (Belgium) and the Mangaung Metropolitan Municipality (MMM) (South Africa).

Design/methodology/approach
Through a comparative case study approach, qualitative research methods were used to both collect and analyze the data. Data collection instruments included document analysis (naturally occurring data), semi-structured interviews (generated data) and focus group discussions (generated data).

Findings
Although LG is obliged to collaborate with citizens, various factors influence citizens’ ability to make contributions, even when platforms are created. Collaborative initiatives aid in the realization of collective development visions and enhance citizen participation in a more responsive and inclusive approach to service delivery. Collaborations would require citizens and LG officials to be empowered by finding new ways of working together, as well as developing skills.

Practical implications
Citizens’ participation when SI is used to enhance service delivery should be meticulously planned. Co-producing services require a conducive internal organizational context that advances citizen participation in the governance and decision-making of service delivery, which is likewise optimal for enhancing the use of SI during the respective co-production service delivery stages. Achieving a conducive internal organizational context is influenced by the role of LG officials and politicians in understanding the value proposition of participation in service delivery to citizens. This value proposition is crucial to building and establishing a trust relationship between citizens, LG officials and politicians. Finally, consensus concerning the concept of SI and its use and implementation is important to ensure its consistent use and application by a municipality, and thus calls for further in-depth investigation.

Originality/value
SI is a nascent area for which the discourse is still under development, and it is a concept that is often the subject of debate in literature. This paper is justified by the fact that the use of SI in the South African LG sphere lags behind the growing use thereof in public-sector service delivery by LGs globally. In addition, the study presents novel insights regarding similarities and differences in the use of SI through a comparison between two LGs, namely, the MMM and the CoG.
Molecular microbial ecology of stable versus failing rice straw anaerobic digesters
Authors: Zealand Andrew M. , Mei Ran , Roskilly Anthony P. , Liu WenTso , Graham David W. 
Published: June 2019

SummaryWaste rice straw (RS) is generated in massive quantities around the world and is often burned, creating greenhouse gas and air quality problems. Anaerobic digestion (AD) may be a better option for RS management, but RS is presumed to be comparatively refractory under anaerobic conditions without pre‐treatment or co‐substrates. However, this presumption assumes frequent reactor feeding regimes but less frequent feeding may be better for RS due to slow hydrolysis rates. Here, we assess how feeding frequency (FF) and organic loading rate (OLR) impacts microbial communities and biogas production in RS AD reactors. Using 16S rDNA amplicon sequencing and bioinformatics, microbial communities from five bench‐scale bioreactors were characterized. At low OLR (1.0 g VS l−1 day−1), infrequently fed units (once every 21 days) had higher specific biogas yields than more frequent feeding (five in 7 days), although microbial community diversities were statistically similar (P > 0.05; ANOVA with Tukey comparison). In contrast, an increase in OLR to 2.0 g VS l−1 day−1 significantly changed Archaeal and fermenting Eubacterial sub‐communities and the least frequency fed reactors failed. ‘Stable’ reactors were dominated by Methanobacterium, Methanosarcina and diverse Bacteroidetes, whereas ‘failed’ reactors saw shifts towards Clostridia and Christensenellaceae among fermenters and reduced methanogen abundances. Overall, OLR impacted RS AD microbial communities more than FF. However, combining infrequent feeding and lower OLRs may be better for RS AD because of higher specific yields.
Early Screening for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Depression Among Injured Emergency Department Patients: A Feasibility Study
Authors: Jaramillo Stephany , Suffoletto Brian , Callaway Clifton , Pacella‐LaBarbara Maria 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackgroundDespite the risk of developing posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and associated comorbidities after physical injury, few emergency departments (EDs) in the United States screen for the presence of psychological symptoms and conditions. Barriers to systematic screening could be overcome by using a tool that is both comprehensive and brief. This study aimed to determine 1) the feasibility of screening for posttraumatic sequelae among adults with minor injury in the ED and 2) the relationship between ED screening and later psychological symptoms and poor quality of life (QOL) at 6 weeks postinjury.MethodsIn the EDs of two Level I trauma centers, we enrolled injured patients (n = 149) who reported serious injury and/or life threat in the past 24 hours. Subjects completed the Posttraumatic Adjustment Scale (PAS) to screen for PTSD and depression in the ED, and 6 weeks later they completed assessments for symptoms of PTSD, depression, and trauma‐specific QOL (T‐QoL).ResultsOur retained sample at 6 weeks was 84 adults (51.2% male; mean ± SD age = 33 ± 11.88 years); 38% screened positive for PTSD, and 76% screened positive for depression in the ED. Controlling for age, hospital admission, and ED pain score, regression analyses revealed that a positive ED screen for both PTSD and depression was significantly associated with 6 weeks PTSD (p = 0.027, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.92 to 15.14) and depressive symptoms (p = 0.001, 95% CI = 2.20 to 7.74), respectively. Further, a positive ED screen for depression (p = 0.043, 95% CI = –16.66 to –0.27) and PTSD (p = 0.015, 95% CI = –20.35 to –2.24) was significantly associated with lower T‐QoL.ConclusionsThese results suggest that it is feasible to identify patients at risk for postinjury sequelae in the ED; screening for mental health risk may identify patients in need of early intervention and further monitoring.
Development of a haptic feedback device to reduce syringe substitution and drug overdosage error
Authors: Williams D. , Eagle B. , Dingley J. 
Published: June 2019

SummaryDespite use of colour‐coded labels, syringe substitution (syringe swap) error of anaesthetic drugs remains a frequent and potentially serious cause of iatrogenic harm. We explored the novel concept of using a simple device which can be fitted to existing syringes, and employs colour and raised elements (detents) to provide visual, haptic and auditory cues to supplement the visual cues provided by standard drug labelling, and particularly helps to differentiate, for example, syringes containing vaso‐active drugs from other syringes. We produced six different embodiments of the device, and performed a randomised unblinded study with 14 volunteers to identify the functional characteristics which met with the approval of the majority of participants, and the mechanical characteristics which produced adequate haptic feedback without excessive resistance to injection. The optimal design was identified, which required the user to exert a mean (SD) force of ~20 (7) N to overcome the resistance of the detents in the syringe. The majority of volunteers felt that a device of this type would be helpful in reducing the incidence of syringe substitution error; however, further research is needed to assess the efficacy of this innovation in the clinical environment.