bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between nasopharyngeal carcinoma and risk of optic neuropathy: A population‐based cohort study
Authors: Fan Chao‐Yueh , Jen Yee‐Min , Su Yuan‐Chih , Chao Hsing‐Lung , Lin Chun‐Shu , Huang Wen‐Yen , Lin Miao‐Jung , Kao Chia‐Hung 
Published: April 2018

AbstractBackgroundThe purpose of this study was to assess the predictive factors of optic neuropathy among patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).MethodsThe analysis included 16 297 patients with NPC and 65 187 controls. Each patient with NPC was randomly frequency‐matched with 4 individuals without NPC by age, sex, and index year. Cox proportional hazard models were applied to measure the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of optic neuropathy development associated with NPC.ResultsThe risk of optic neuropathy was significantly higher in the NPC cohort (adjusted HR [aHR] 3.42; 95% CI 2.85‐4.09; P < .001). Independent risk factors for optic neuropathy among patients with NPC included stroke (aHR 1.7; 95% CI 1.07‐2.7; P = .03) and receipt of chemotherapy (aHR 1.55; 95% CI 1.17‐2.06; P = .002).ConclusionThe risk of optic neuropathy was significantly higher in patients with NPC than in the general population.
Optimization of immunolabeling and clearing techniques for indelibly labeled memory traces
Authors: Pavlova Ina P. , Shipley Shannon C. , Lanio Marcos , Hen René , Denny Christine A. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractRecent genetic tools have allowed researchers to visualize and manipulate memory traces (i.e., engrams) in small brain regions. However, the ultimate goal is to visualize memory traces across the entire brain in order to better understand how memories are stored in neural networks and how multiple memories may coexist. Intact tissue clearing and imaging is a new and rapidly growing area of focus that could accomplish this task. Here, we utilized the leading protocols for whole‐brain clearing and applied them to the ArcCreERT2 mice, a murine line that allows for the indelible labeling of memory traces. We found that CLARITY and PACT greatly distorted the tissue, and iDISCO quenched enhanced yellow fluorescent protein (EYFP) fluorescence and hindered immunolabeling. Alternative clearing solutions, such as tert‐Butanol, circumvented these harmful effects, but still did not permit whole‐brain immunolabeling. CUBIC and CUBIC with Reagent‐1A produced improved antibody penetration and preserved EYFP fluorescence, but also did not allow for whole‐brain memory trace visualization. Modification of CUBIC with Reagent‐1A resulted in EYFP fluorescence preservation and immunolabeling of the immediate early gene (IEG) Arc in deep brain areas; however, optimized memory trace labeling still required tissue slicing into mm‐thick tissue sections. In summary, our data show that CUBIC with Reagent‐1A* is the ideal method for reproducible clearing and immunolabeling for the visualization of memory traces in mm‐thick tissue sections from ArcCreERT2 mice.
Extraction, isolation, and concentration of calprotectin antigen (S100A8/S100A9) from granulocytes
Authors: Nilsen Tom , Haugen Siri Helen , Larsson Anders 
Published: April 2018

AbstractBackgroundCalprotectin is a promising biomarker for granulocyte activation. It is mainly measured in faeces as a marker for inflammatory bowel disease. A limitation is that there is no widely accepted calibrator.AimTo establish a method for purification of calprotectin from human granulocytes that is easily reproducible, reliable, and could contribute to a better agreement between different calprotectin methods.Methods and resultsCalprotectin was purified from granulocyte extracts using ion‐exchange chromatography. The granulocytes were separated from blood bags. The purity was analysed by analysing pixel density of a picture of the sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and by size exclusion chromatography. The calprotectin concentration of the pure antigen solution was determined using Biuret method. The purity was >95% for 3 preparations, and their concentrations were 1079, 1080, and 1813 mg/L.ConclusionIt is possible to reproducibly prepare highly purified calprotectin antigen from human granulocytes. The preparations can be used for preparing calibrators, controls for immunological calprotectin assays, and immunisation for raising antibodies against human calprotectin in hens.
Transition Metal‐Catalyzed Benzannulation towards Naturally Occurring Carbazole Alkaloids
Authors: Zhang Xue , Ma Shengming 
Published: April 2018

AbstractIn this account, we will summarize our recent progress on development of Pt‐ or Au‐catalyzed benzannulation of 1‐indolyl‐2,3‐allenols for the efficient construction of carbazole skeleton via a metal carbene intermediate and its application towards the synthesis of naturally occurring carbazole alkaloids. The strategy enjoys the outstanding regioselectivity, atom economy, mild reaction conditions, substrate scope, functional group tolerance.
[1, 2]‐Migration Reactions Catalyzed by Gold Complexes and their Applications in Total Synthesis
Authors: Holzschneider Kristina , Kirsch Stefan F. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe area of cascade reactions, initiated by the transition metal‐catalyzed activation of π‐systems and coupled with a 1,2‐migration step is of considerable interest in current organic chemistry research. In this article, recent advances in the field are highlighted, focusing on gold as the activating π‐acid. Cascade reactions with 1,2‐shifts of alkyl groups as migrating agents are mainly presented, but also selected 1,2‐aryl migrations and miscellaneous examples are depicted. With the reactions discussed, molecules of high structural complexity become readily accessible. Examples are shown where the reactions were used as the key steps of total synthesis endeavours.
E‐cigarettes: voltage‐ and concentration‐dependent loss in human lung adenocarcinoma viability
Authors: Otręba Michał , Kośmider Leon , Knysak Jakub , Warncke Jared D. , Sobczak Andrzej 
Published: April 2018

AbstractE‐cigarettes are used by millions of people despite the fact that the harmful effect of aerosol emitted from these products to the human organism is still not clear. In this paper, toxicity of vapor generated using different solutions and battery output voltage on A549 cells viability is presented. The obtained EC50 values for commercially available propylene glycol/glycerol solution 1:1 e‐liquids based on 3.2 V (0.127%), 4.0 V (0.112%) and 4.8 V (0.038%) were about 1.5–4.5 times higher than in tobacco smoke (0.0086%). Furthermore, it was shown that the increase of battery output voltage decreased A549 cell viability. In addition, commercially available extracts were more cytotoxic than laboratory made extracts. Owing to the expansiveness of e‐cigarettes, it is very important to estimate their impact on public health. Our results not only confirm less cytotoxicity of e‐liquid aerosol than cigarette smoke, but also demonstrate that solutions used in e‐liquids and, for the first time, battery output voltage have a significant impact on cytotoxicity of e‐cigarette vapor. Thus, the results of this study are very important for the current and future legal regulations on e‐cigarettes.
Inside Cover: Internalization kinetics and cytoplasmic localization of functionalized diatomite nanoparticles in cancer cells by Raman imaging (J. Biophotonics 4/2018)
Authors: Managò Stefano , Migliaccio Nunzia , Terracciano Monica , Napolitano Michela , Martucci Nicola M. , De Stefano Luca , Rendina Ivo , De Luca Anna Chiara , Lamberti Annalisa , Rea Ilaria 
Published: April 2018

The internalization kinetics and intracellular spatial distribution of functionalized diatomite nanoparticles in human lung epidermoid carcinoma cell line have been investigated by confocal fluorescence and Raman microscopy. In this context, Raman imaging due to its non‐destructive, chemically selective and label‐free working principle provides evidence that the nanovectors are internalized and co‐localize with lipid environments, suggesting an endocytic internalisation route. Nanoparticle uptakes and intracellular persistence are observed up to 72 hours, without damage to cell viability or morphology.Further details can be found in the article by Stefano Managò et al. (e201700207)
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Evaluating size‐dependent relaxivity of PEGylated‐USPIOs to develop gadolinium‐free T1 contrast agents for vascular imaging
Authors: Khandhar Amit P. , Wilson Gregory J. , Kaul Michael G. , Salamon Johannes , Jung Caroline , Krishnan Kannan M. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractUltra‐small superparamagnetic iron oxide (USPIO) nanoparticles provide a safer alternative to gadolinium‐based contrast agents (GBCAs) in T1‐weighted MR imaging. MRI contrast behavior of USPIOs depends on their magnetic properties, which in turn depend on their physicochemical composition. Identifying and tailoring USPIO structural characteristics that influence proton relaxation in MRI is crucial to developing effective gadolinium‐free T1 contrast agents. Here, we present a systematic empirical evaluation of the relationship between USPIO size and MRI relaxivity (r1 and r2 values). Monodisperse USPIO cores, with precisely controlled core diameter (dC) were synthesized via the thermal decomposition of iron(III)‐oleate precursor. USPIOs with dC = 6.34, 7.58, 8.58, and 9.50nm, were dispersed in aqueous phase via ligand exchange with silane or dopamine‐modified polyethylene glycol (PEG) polymers. Relaxivity characterization in a 1.5 T clinical MRI scanner showed the r2/r1 ratio increased linearly with USPIO core diameter (R2 = 0.95), but varied little with both hydrodynamic diameter (dH) and PEG molecular weight. One sample, DOPA‐6‐20 (6.34nm USPIO cores coated with 20 kDa dopamine‐modified PEG), provided the lowest r2/r1 value (3.44) and thus promise as a potential T1 contrast agent. In a preliminary study, we evaluated DOPA‐6‐20 for in vivo angiography imaging in a mouse with a 7 T scanner and observed strong T1‐weighted enhancement of the mouse blood pool. Key anatomical features in the vascular network were visible even 5 min after intravenous administration. Using empirical data, we have presented the basis of a structure–property relationship that can help develop optimized USPIO‐based T1 contrast agents. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A:2440–2447, 2018.
Engineered natural and synthetic polymer surfaces induce nuclear deformation in osteosarcoma cells
Authors: Antmen Ezgi , Ermis Menekse , Demirci Utkan , Hasirci Vasif 
Published: April 2018

AbstractCell‐substrate interactions involve constant probing of microenvironment by cells. One of the responses of cells to environmental cues is to change the conformation of their cytoplasm and nucleus. We hypothesized that surface chemistry and topography could be engineered to make these differences significant enough. When designing the substrates that would accentuate these differences, we prepared surfaces carrying cell adhesive biological cues arranged in specific patterns. Collagen type I and poly(lactic acid‐co‐glycolic acid) (PLGA) were used to represent substrates with biological cues and those without, and these materials were decorated with four square prism micropillars with different dimensions. The nuclear deformations were analyzed using some descriptors. Nucleus area and solidity were the best descriptors in distinguishing the substrates in terms of biological cues, while nucleus area, solidity, and circularity were more sensitive to the interpillar distances. Another distinguishing factor tested was the duration of contact. Nucleus area was the only descriptor sensitive to nuclear deformation change with time. PLGA was more suitable in nuclear conformation analysis while collagen was better in cell adhesion and proliferation. These deformations lead to changes in the molecular processes and further studies are needed to better understand cell mechanobiology. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 107B: 366–376, 2019.
Content of distinct metals in periprosthetic tissues and pseudosynovial joint fluid in patients with total joint arthroplasty
Authors: Kuba Martin , Gallo Jiří , Pluháček Tomáš , Hobza Martin , Milde David 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThis prospective study examined the content of metals released from total joint arthroplasty into joint fluid, whole blood and periprosthetic tissues. We determined the levels of Ti, V, Nb, Co, Cr, and Mo, using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, in samples from patients who underwent reoperation of total hip or knee arthroplasty. All of the patients (n = 117) included in the study had either metal on polyethylene or ceramic on polyethylene‐bearing pairs. First, our results conclusively showed that the majority of released metals were deposited in periprosthetic tissues. In this context, the bloodstream turned out to be an ineffective biomarker of the effects occurring in local tissues. Second, there was a clear time‐dependent nature of metallic accumulation. Based on our extensive dataset, we found significantly elevated levels of the released metals in joint fluid and periprosthetic tissues originating from loosened implants compared to stable ones, as well as recognizable differences between the groups with stable implants and aseptic loosening. Finally, it was proved that the concentrations of metals decreased dependent on the distance of the tissue from the implant. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 107B: 454–462, 2019.
Efficacy of Switching From Teriparatide to Bisphosphonate or Denosumab: A Prospective, Randomized, Open‐Label Trial
Authors: Niimi Rui , Kono Toshibumi , Nishihara Atsushi , Hasegawa Masahiro , Kono Toshihiko , Sudo Akihiro 
Published: April 2018

ABSTRACTThere is no consensus on an optimal treatment after daily teriparatide (TPTD). We performed a prospective, randomized, open‐label, 12‐month trial to investigate the efficacy of follow‐up treatment after daily TPTD treatment for Japanese patients. Three‐hundred patients were enrolled in this study. Patients received oral bisphosphonate (BP) including alendronate (ALN; 35 mg/week) and minodoronate (MINO; 50 mg/month), or subcutaneous denosumab (60 mg/6 month). The primary efficacy measure was bone mineral density (BMD) responses in the lumbar spine (LS) and femoral neck (FN). Lumbar spine BMD increased by 1.3 ± 5.1% in the ALN subgroups, 0.5 ± 4.6% in the MINO subgroups, and 4.3 ± 3.5% in the denosumab subgroups. Femoral neck BMD increased by 0.7 ± 4.6% in the ALN subgroups, 0.2 ± 4.6% in the MINO subgroups, and 1.4 ± 3.4% in the denosumab subgroups. Lumbar spine BMD increases were significantly greater in the denosumab subgroup than the BP subgroups. There were no significant differences in FN BMD increases among the three subgroups. Lumbar spine BMD increases were significantly greater in the denosumab subgroup than the BP subgroups, whereas FN BMD increases were not significant. Denosumab treatment was more effective in increasing BMD and therefore has the potential benefit of fracture prevention. Further research is warranted to determine the optimal treatment after daily TPTD. © 2018 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Severely Impaired Bone Material Quality in Chihuahua Zebrafish Resembles Classical Dominant Human Osteogenesis Imperfecta
Authors: Fiedler Imke A.K. , Schmidt Felix N. , Wölfel Eva M. , Plumeyer Christine , Milovanovic Petar , Gioia Roberta , Tonelli Francesca , Bale Hrishikesh A. , Jähn Katharina , Besio Roberta , Forlino Antonella , Busse Björn 
Published: April 2018

ABSTRACT

Excessive skeletal deformations and brittle fractures in the vast majority of patients suffering from osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) are a result of substantially reduced bone quality. Because the mechanical competence of bone is dependent on the tissue characteristics at small length scales, it is of crucial importance to assess how OI manifests at the micro- and nanoscale of bone. In this context, the Chihuahua (Chi/+) zebrafish, carrying a heterozygous glycine substitution in the α1 chain of collagen type I, has recently been proposed as a suitable animal model of classical dominant OI, showing skeletal deformities, altered mineralization patterns, and a smaller body size. This study assessed the bone quality properties of Chi/+ at multiple length scales using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT), histomorphometry, quantitative back-scattered electron imaging, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, nanoindentation, and X-ray microscopy. At the skeletal level, the Chi/+ displays smaller body size, deformities, and fracture calli in the ribs. Morphological changes at the whole bone level showed that the vertebrae in Chi/+ had a smaller size, smaller thickness, and distorted shape. At the tissue level, Chi/+ displayed a higher degree of mineralization, lower collagen maturity, lower mineral maturity, altered osteoblast morphology, and lower osteocyte lacunar density compared to wild-type zebrafish. The alterations in the cellular, compositional, and structural properties of Chi/+ bones bear an explanation for the impaired local mechanical properties, which promote an increase in overall bone fragility in Chi/+. The quantitative assessment of bone quality in Chi/+ thus further validates this mutant as an important model reflecting osseous characteristics associated with human classical dominant OI. © 2018 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Retracted: Silence of HDAC6 suppressed esophageal squamous cell carcinoma proliferation and migration by disrupting chaperone function of HSP90
Authors: Tao Hua , Chen Yuan‐Yuan , Sun Zong‐Wen , Chen Hua‐Lin , Chen Ming 
Published: April 2018

AbstractEsophageal carcinoma is aggressive in nature and its prognosis is largely dependent on the degree of invasion. Histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6), as the most unique member of HDACs family, has the positive activity to promote initiation and progression of various cancers via targeting multiple non‐histone proteins in cytoplasm. In this study, we found that HDAC6 was over‐expressed in three esophageal cancer cell lines (KYSE140, KYSE170, KYSE180) when compared to non‐carcinoma esophageal epithelial cell HEEC‐1. Then two HDAC6 specific siRNAs and HDAC6 inhibitor tubastatin A greatly suppressed KYSE140 and KYSE180 cells proliferation and migration, and the inhibition of cell motility was accompanied by elevated acetylation of α‐tubulin, a target of HDAC6. Consistently, the microtubulin skeleton was stabilized after HDAC6 knockdown or inhibition. In addition, acetylation status of HSP90, another HDAC6 target, was also increased towards HDAC6 knockdown or inhibition by co‐immunoprecipitation assay. Besides, co‐treatment of HSP90 inhibitor (PU‐H71) and HDAC6 inhibitor (tubastatin A) induced a stronger cell migration inhibition compared to administration of either drug alone. Furthermore, cell proliferation of KYSE140 and KYSE180 were also compromised in response to combination of HDAC6 and HSP90 inhibitors. Additionally, co‐administration of HSP90 inhibitor and HDAC6 inhibitor strongly inhibited tumor growth in vivo. Taken together, our results indicated that HDAC6 is a promising target by inhibiting HSP90 function in ESCC.
Homoharringtonine could induce quick protein synthesis of PSMD11 through activating MEK1/ERK1/2 signaling pathway in pancreatic cancer cells
Authors: Wang Lele , Zhao Linlin , Wei Guo , Saur Dieter , Seidler Barbara , Wang Junyan , Wang Chuanxin , Qi Tonggang 
Published: April 2018

AbstractPancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains one of the most devastating disease with the 5‐year survival rate less than 6%. In this study, we investigated if inhibiting protein synthesis directly with homoharringtonine (HHT) could induce acute apoptosis in pancreatic cancer cells through quick depletion of multiple short‐lived critical members of the central proteome, example, PSMD11(26S proteasome non‐ATPase regulatory subunit 11). It was shown that although HHT could inhibit proliferation and growth of MiaPaCa‐2 and PANC‐1 cells in a time‐ and dose‐dependent manner, only part of pancreatic cancer cells could be induced to die through acute apoptosis. Mechanistic studies showed that HHT could induce quick protein synthesis of PSMD11 through activating MEK1/ERK1/2 signaling pathway in pancreatic cancer cells. Inhibiting MEK1/ERK1/2 pathway with sorafenib could improve the cytotoxity of HHT in vitro and in a genetically engineered mouse model of pancreatic cancer. These results suggest that quick induction of PSMD11 or other acute apoptosis inhibitors through activation of the MEK1/ERK1/2 signaling pathway may be one of the important surviving mechanism which can help pancreatic cancer cells avoid acute apoptosis, it may have significant implications for the targeted therapy of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.
MiR‐370 inhibits vascular inflammation and oxidative stress triggered by oxidized low‐density lipoprotein through targeting TLR4
Authors: Tian Dan , Sha Yin , Lu Jing‐Min , Du Xian‐Jin 
Published: April 2018

AbstractAtherosclerosis, as a chronic cardiovascular disease, still remains a serious threat to human health. Inflammation and oxidative stress are commonly involved in various stages of atherosclerosis development. MicroRNAs are reported to play important roles in macrophages, which can respond to inflammation and oxidative stress. In our current study, we focused on the biological roles of miR‐370 in atherosclerosis. According to the previously research, miR‐370 was downregulated in AS mice models. Oxidized low‐density lipoprotein (Ox‐LDL) is regarded as a crucial regulator of atherosclerosis and we observed that miR‐370 was decreased by ox‐LDL dose‐dependently and time‐dependently in THP‐1 cells. Then, it was found that miR‐370 overexpression was able to inhibit inflammation molecules including IL‐6 and IL‐1β. Meanwhile, ROS levels, and malondialdehyde (MDA) were also restrained by miR‐370 mimics in vitro. Toll‐like receptor 4 (TLR4) has been implicated in many inflammation diseases. It can serve as a target of miR‐370 and TLR4 expression was greatly increased in ox‐LDL‐incubated THP‐1 cells in a time and dose dependent manner. The negative correlation was validated using a dual‐luciferase reporter assay in our study. In conclusion, our present study revealed that miR‐370 can reduce inflammatory reaction and inhibit the ROS production by targeting TLR4 in THP‐1 cells.
A group of tissue‐specific microRNAs contribute to the silencing of CUX1 in different cell lineages during development
Authors: Xu Hui , He Jie‐Hua , Xu Shi‐Jun , Xie Shu‐Juan , Ma Li‐Ming , Zhang Yin , Zhou Hui , Qu Liang‐Hu 
Published: April 2018

AbstractCut‐like homeobox 1 (CUX1) is a highly conserved homeoprotein that functions as a transcriptional repressor of genes specifying terminal differentiation. We previously showed that liver‐specific microRNA‐122 (miR‐122) regulates the timing of liver development by silencing CUX1 post‐transcriptionally. Since the CUX1 protein is expressed in a subset of embryonic tissues, we hypothesized that it is regulated by specific microRNAs (miRNAs) in each cell type during development. Using a large‐scale screening method, we identified ten tissue‐specific miRNAs from different cell lineages that directly targeted CUX1. An analysis of the interaction between heart‐specific microRNA‐208a (miR‐208a) and CUX1 in the hearts of developing mouse embryos and in P19CL6 cells undergoing cardiac differentiation indicated that CUX1 is regulated by miR‐208a during heart development and cardiomyocyte differentiation. Functional analysis of miR‐208a in P19CL6 cells using lentiviral‐mediated over‐expression showed that it regulates the transition between cellular proliferation and differentiation. These results suggest that these tissue‐specific miRNAs might play a common role in timing the progression of terminal differentiation of different cell lineages, possibly by silencing the differentiation repressor CUX1.