bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PREVALENCE OF RESISTANCE TO CLINICALLY SIGNIFICANT ANTIBIOTICS AGAINST Escherichia coli ISOLATED FROM HOLY RIVER GANGA, INDIA
Authors: Chaudhary Shiwani , Singh Dushyant , Dimri Amita Gaurav , Pillai Aishwarya , Aggarwal M.L. 
Published: December 2018

Ganga is a divine water body which has acquired a status of mother goddess in Indian culture civilization. Ganga water is considered as sacred water and Hindu rituals from birth to death cannot be consecrated without Ganga water. The microbiological quality of holy river Ganga, life sustaining surface water resource for large population of northern India is adversely affected due to rapid industrialization and population growth. The current investigation surveyed on total number of 10 water samples collected from river Ganga flowing in different cities of India. The samples were analyzed for Most Probable Number (MPN) of coliforms and found to be in the range of 940 organisms to 33000 organisms per 100ml. Similarly, MPN Fecal coliform was done at an incubation of higher temperature, and resulted from lower of 109 organisms to a higher at 2800 organisms per 100ml of samples analyzed. The Ganga water samples also showed the presence of Escherichia coli and further its antibiotic susceptibility pattern was performed by Kirby Bauer Agar well diffusion method. Various clinical significant antibiotics were used namely Streptomycin, Kanamycin, Meropenem, Norfloxacin, Ciprofloxacin, Ampicillin, Sulbactum and Tazobactum. All isolated Escherichia coli strains were found resistant to Tazobactum. The isolated E.coli from upstream water of Varanasi has shown resistance towards four out of eight antibiotics used. Escherichia coli present in all the samples have shown susceptibility towards Meropenem and Ciprofloxacin.
Keywords: Ganga water, microbiological quality, Most Probable Number (MPN) of Coliform, MPN Faecal coliform, Escherichia coli, Antibiotic susceptibility and resistance
MANAJEMEN MUTU PENDIDIKAN MAN INSAN CENDEKIA
Authors: Apud Apud 
Published: December 2018

The writing is based on research which describes educational quality management of MAN Insan Cendekia as one of madrasas which performs boarding school system focused on academic programs. The research findings are: The first, implementing quality management at boarding school begun with formulating strategic planning/school framework with certain steps: analysis, formulating program draft, socialization, budgeting, and documentation. The process also determines the school programs those are academic, studentship, boarding, facility and media, and networking. The second, the steps of implementation strategy are implementing and evaluating educational program quality. (1) Implementing educational program quality of boarding school begun with the procedures of socializing quality program plan, technical plan, implementation program, monitoring, supervising, and evaluation with bottom up-top down approach; (2) evaluating educational program quality systematically begun with the procedures of self-evaluation, quality internal audit, teacher’s competence evaluation, management evaluation, and external audit. The third, the supporting factors and the constraint ones in implementing educational quality management correlated with raw input, teachers, budgeting, leader’s commitment to quality, facilities, learning environment, and networking. The fourth, the strategic way to improving the educational qualities are integrating school program with boarding programs, formulating life directions, upgrading human resources and facilities/media, building school culture, and networking.
Keywords. madrasa, boarding school, management, quality.
The Role of Financial Corruption Management in Promoting Sustainable Development
Authors: Hama Said Fayan Sulaiman , Hassan Muslim Qassem 
Published: December 2018

The present study aims at highlighting the role of the financial corruption in supporting the Sustainable Development through finding active systems to put an end to the financial corruption, and treating it through guiding people and advising them not to use it. The importance of the article stems from the spread of the financial corruption and its effect on the Sustainable Development. We try to find the ways to terminate it or treat it for the sake of supporting the Sustainable Development. To meet the objectives, the two researchers used the descriptive method, and they also consulted a number of relevant studies. The Study came up with a number of conclusions, the most important of which is:
The financial corruption is a group of illegal financial conducts which break the financial rules and regulations which influence the economic growth and also lead to instability.
The Impact of Change in Consumer Behavior on the Development of Local Industries
Authors: ALamein Fikri Kabbashi 
Published: December 2018

The attention to consumer behavior to a combination of factors the most important of the widespread modern marketing concept , And high rates of introduction of new products , and reduced the duration of the goods in the market , and the short life cycle as a result of rapid advances in the technology used. And the emergence of many public and private groups that advocate for more rights for consumers and even the marketing process is managed efficiently .

This should be done through the study of consumer behavior and learn how he make purchasing decisions related to spending its limited resources of income , time and effort to satisfy his needs the acquisition of goods and services available.
The soap industry was recent industries in Sudan , which began early and it was during the previous period covering the total domestic demand inside Sudan, But suddenly the demand for local products , both of soap and laundry soap dropped , And turning consumer and headed towards the use of imported soap , affecting the growth and development of this industry , the demand for imported soap increase , which led to the deterioration of the soap industry and the decline jurisdiction , Through this paper was to identify the effect of a change in consumer behavior on the development of local industries Application to the soap industry in Khartoum state , was reached through the paper several conclusions, the most important is the following:
A - The impact of the change in the consumer in the state of Khartoum 's behavior on the demand for local goods soap in the state of Khartoum , which was clearly evident through the change in the purchase and making purchasing decisions and implementations buying habits and affected by this means of communication different and how to elicit information and the order of priorities and how this relates to the level of income.
B - The impact of low supply of products to local consumer commodity soap from Sudan in Khartoum state direction to imported alternatives for the types of laundry soap and toilet used by the consumer.
A REESTRUTURAÇÃO PRODUTIVA DO CAPITAL E A FORMAÇÃO ESCOLAR: O DISCURSO PRESENTE NOS LIVROS DIDÁTICOS DE GEOGRAFIA.
Authors: Saab Thiago Bueno , Antonello Ideni Terezinha 
Published: December 2018

Durante o processo de formação escolar, entra em campo o papel da ideologia na educação que, na atual conjuntura, tem servido para corroborar esse novo e precário mundo do trabalho. Dessa forma, o objetivo central deste artigo é analisar o conteúdo da reestruturação produtiva do capital, presente nos livros didáticos de Geografia, na perspectiva de apreender os discursos existentes nesses livros. O universo da pesquisa foi composto de um colégio público e outro particular para a análise de livros e apostilas adotados. Assim, realizou-se análise do material utilizado no ensino público e no privado, para verificar se há por parte dos autores, algum tipo de intencionalidade, ou seja, se há um discurso ideológico. Complementando a pesquisa, foram realizadas entrevistas com um professor de Geografia de cada colégio para investigarcomo eles percebem o conteúdo relativo à reestruturação produtiva do capital presente nas obras didáticas com que trabalham.
O FIM DO CORTE MANUAL DA CANA-DE-AÇÚCAR E O "FIM" DO CORTADOR DE CANA: A CONJUNTURA DOS TRABALHADORES MIGRANTES NA MICRORREGIÃO DE ITUIUTABA - MG
Authors: Nery Natália , Santos Joelma 
Published: December 2018

Resumo: A mecanização do corte da cana-de-açúcar, o fim das queimadas e a falência de agroindústrias canavieiras na região de Ituiutaba (MG) contribuíram para que grande parte dos trabalhadores migrantes residentes na região fosse obrigada a abandonar o corte manual da cana. Estes trabalhadores tradicionalmente saíam das suas regiões de origem - via de regra estados da região Nordeste - para vender sua força de trabalho em agroindústrias canavieiras do Triângulo Mineiro e encontraram-se atualmente em situações de desemprego ou empregos bastante precários. Este cenário de diminuição da produção canavieira no município de Ituiutaba está relacionado à falência de algumas usinas da região e ao fato de outras em funcionamento adotarem o corte mecanizado, o que deixa os trabalhadores migrantes sujeitos à marginalização e a atividades tão precárias quanto o corte manual da cana. Palavras-Chave: Mecanização, desemprego, cana-de-açúcar, migrantes.
A MEMÓRIA COLETIVA, TRABALHO E TRADIÇÕES NA CONFIGURAÇÃO ESPACIAL DO POVOADO DE ITAIPU-BA
Authors: Amaral Urânia Teixeira , Alves Ana Elizabeth Santos 
Published: December 2018

RESUMOO presente artigo objetiva compreender a presença da memória coletiva no povoado de Itaipu e demonstrar como ela é refletida na vivência dos grupos, tendo em vista as relações de trabalho e as tradições criadas, especificamente a comemoração do São João e a prática do tropeirismo no lugar. Os principais teóricos utilizados na pesquisa foram Halbwachs (1990), nas discussões sobre memória; Massey (2008) e Martins (1998), os quais abordam o lugar das tradições. As narrativas dos moradores foram imprescindíveis para o entendimento de como se configurou o espaço de Itaipu e as influências da memória das tradições nas relações de trabalho e na vivencia dos grupos pertencentes ao mesmo.Palavras-Chave: Memória coletiva – Lugar – Tradições.
IMPERIALISMO: NOVO SIGNIFICADO DA PARTILHA TERRITORIAL NA CONTEMPORANEIDADE
Authors: Lima Lucas Gama 
Published: December 2018

O presente artigo tem como objeto de análise a fase imperialista do capitalismo na contemporaneidade. A internacionalização do capitalismo, em sintonia com processo de financeirização do capital, permitiu um regime de acumulação sem precedentes e com alto grau de expropriação. A interpenetração de capitais afiançou corporações transnacionais de diferentes formações sociais e de distintos matizes, que atuam em escala global. No imperialismo contemporâneo, os países periféricos também participam do processo de partilha, a qual se tornou prioritariamente mediata (e não mais imediata). Em suma, na atual quadra histórica, a dinâmica imperialista contemporânea conduz à mescla de investimentos de players oriundos de distintos países, buscando apropriação absoluta/relativa do espaço, em uma busca desenfreada pela valorização do capital. Palavras-chave: Imperialismo, capital financeiro, partilha territorial
Gênero e Jornada de Trabalho em Assentamentos Rurais
Authors: De Melo Elisabete Josefa 
Published: December 2018

Este relatório contém algumas reflexões sobre gênero e jornada de trabalho no âmbito do coletivo de gênero nos assentamentos de reforma agrária no Pontal do Paranapanema. Foram objetos de investigação os Projetos de Assentamentos Rodeio, Florestan Fernandes e Água Limpa, todos sob a organização do Movimento dos Trabalhadores Sem Terra (MST).
O PAPEL DA MULHER NA LUTA PELA TERRA. UMA QUESTÃO DE GÊNERO E/OU CLASSE?
Authors: Valenciano Renata Cristiane , Thomaz Jr. Antonio 
Published: December 2018

Pretendemos neste projeto de pesquisa, compreender a inserção e ação da mulher na luta pela terra, e priorizar a especificidade do embate existente entre as três dimensões que a mulher internaliza: enquanto provedora da força de trabalho e da família. Enquanto trabalhadora, no cotidiano da lavra, e na militância política. Mais especificamente põe-se a apreender as manifestações específicas que as mulheres estão apresentando, no raio organizativo do MST, através dos Coletivos de Gênero, das decisões e propostas de trabalho deliberadas, bem como seus desdobramentos, sendo que os Coletivos de Gênero ganham em abrangência e magnitude, tendo em vista privilegiar nas pautas de discussões, não somente a questão da exploração da mulher trabalhadora, os preconceitos, a violência, mas, sobretudo a emancipação de classe.
السياسة الضريبية المحلية في ظل العولمة ( مع إشارة خاصة لالسياسة الضريبية المحلية في ظل العولمة ( مع إشارة خاصة لبلدان جنوب شرق آسيا)بلدان جنوب شرق آسيا)
Authors: محمد عمرو هشام 
Published: December 2018

تركت العولمة المتسارعة أثرا عميقا على مدى واسع من السياسات والتطبيقات الاقتصادية في كل من الدول النامية والمتقدمة على حد سواء, إذ نشأت الأنظمة الضريبية الحالية عندما نمّط كل بلد سياسته الضريبية بشكل تركز معه على متطلبات الاقتصاد المحلي, وعندما كانت تعقد المفاوضات بين الأمم المختلفة حول المعاملات الضريبية والاتفاقات الضريبية كانت تجري في إطار من هيمنة السياسة الضريبية المحلية.
لكن العولمة قد غيرت من هذا خاصة فيما يتعلق بمستوى الضرائب أو مزيج الضرائب (الهيكل الضريبي) أو تصميم بعض أنواع الضرائب، وكذلك من حالة الإدارة الضريبية وامتثال المكلف. وبدأت الأقطار تكشف قلقا متزايدا و حساسية متنامية للتغيرات الضريبية, التي بدأت تظهر من قبل الشركاء التجاريين أو المنافسين, وبدأ يضيق معها هامش الاستقلالية الذاتية التي تركز على السياسات الضريبية المحلية.
مما حدى ببعض الاقتصاديين (مثل vito tanzi عام 2000) لاستخدام مصطلح النمل الأبيض المالي fiscal termites" لوصف مدى تأثير التغيرات التكنولوجية والعولمة على الأنظمة الضريبية الوطنية.
ومن المتوقع أن يكون تبني الأنظمة الضريبية للعولمة بطيئا فضلا عن كونه متقطعاً وغير مستقر, كذلك من الممكن إذا ما جابهت الإدارات الضريبية تحديات في ادارة الضرائب الحالية, فقد يظهر نوع جديد من الضرائب مع ظهور تقنيات وفعاليات جديدة.
لذا يهدف هذا البحث لتحليل أهم آثار العولمة ونتائج التكامل المتعاظم في الاقتصاد العالمي على الأنظمة الضريبية في الدول النامية عموما، ودول جنوب شرق آسيا خصوصا.
وأنطلق البحث من فرضية مفادها, وجود علاقة عكسية بين درجة اندماج الدول النامية في ركب العولمة والحصيلة الضريبية المحلية في هذه الدول.
وتوخيا للهدف السابق جاءت هيكلية البحث في ثلاثة مباحث, كل مبحث تضمن مطلبين, تناول المبحث الأول منها حركة عناصر الانتاج وتوزيع العبء الضريبي عليها, أما المبحث الثاني فتناول المنافسة الضريبية وحركة الاستثمار الأجنبي المباشر, وجاء المبحث الثالث لينصرف للاهتمام بثورة الاتصالات والابتكار الضريبي المطلوب, وصولا في الختام للاستنتاجات والمقترحات.
Growth and Yield Performance of Foxtail Millets Under Salinity
Authors: Nahar A , Mannan MA , Mamun MAA , Ghosh TK 
Published: December 2018

Crop diversification in saline affected coastal areas is crucial for food security in Bangladesh. A pot experiment was conducted at polythene house at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur-1706 during May to August, 2017 to determine the effect of salt stress on growth and yield performance of foxtail millets. Five foxtail millets genotypes viz. (i) BARI Kaon-1 (check), (ii) BD-878, (iii) BD-897, (iv) BD-891 and (v) BD-881 were tested under three salt stresses viz. (i) control (0 dS/m), (ii) 6 dS/m and (iii) 12 dS/m. Completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications was followed in the study. The growth parameter viz. stem dry matter, leaf dry matter and root dry matter production of foxtail millets genotypes were significantly varied due to salinity stresses. Salinity stresses also significantly influenced yield and yield contributing characteristics of foxtail millets. The genotypes BD-897 and BD-881 produced the higher dry matter, grains per panicle and grain yield per plants under the saline level of 6 dS/m. The higher stress tolerance index of both the genotypes demonstrate that the genotypes BD-897 and BD-881 were more salt tolerant.
Bangladesh Agron. J. 2018, 21(1): 51-59
Seroprevalence of TORCH Infections in Children
Authors: Biswas Sanjoy Kanti , Badruddoza Md , Sultana Nahid 
Published: December 2018

Background : The acronym “TORCH” was introduced to highlight a group of pathogens that cause a congenital and perinatal infections: Toxoplasma gondi, rubella virus, Cytomegalovirus (CMV) and Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV). These pathogens are often associated with congenital anomalies. Congenital malformations have a direct impact on the family. This study was undertaken to detect the serological evidence of TORCH infections in children, by establishing the presence of specific IgM antibodies.
Methods: During the period 1st June 2016 to 30th May 2017, 58 suspected TORCH infection cases were included from Paediatrics Department of CMOSH for TORCH antibody detection. The children were in the age of 0 day to 1 year with an average age of 3.3±2.59 months. The serum samples were tested forIgM and IgG antibodies against TORCH agents by using enzyme linked immunoassay method (ELISA).
Results: Among the 58 children, seropositivity was found in 55 (94.82%) cases. Of the 55 seropositive cases serological evidence for combination of IgM and IgG with any one of the TORCH agents was detected in 25 (43.10%) and IgG alone was detected in 30 (51.72%) children. IgM/IgG antibody positivity to Toxoplasma, Rubella, CMV and HSV was 21(36.21%), 50(86.21%), 52(89.66%) and 8(13.79%) respectively. IgM anti-CMV were observed in highest number of cases 19(32.76%), followed by IgM anti-rubella 7(12.07%). IgM against HSV and Toxoplasma were found in equal number of cases, 3(5.17%) each.
Conclusions: Awareness amongst clinicians and mothers about TORCH infections and their consequences should be developed.
Chatt Maa Shi Hosp Med Coll J; Vol.17 (1); Jan 2018; Page 13-16
A Survey of Factors Influencing Drug Choice and the Prescribing Attitudes Among Junior Doctors of Two Major Tertiary Care Hospitals in Chittagong City
Authors: Ferdoush Jannatul , Chowdhury Abhijit , Parveen Kohinoor , Ata Maliha , Alam Sefa Sarwath , Reza Fahim Hassan 
Published: December 2018

Background: The magnitude of rational prescribing is well known but the irrationalities and errors in prescriptions are seen worldwide as the training of future doctors is still not up to the mark. This study aimed to find out the factors influencing drug choice and the prescribing attitudes among junior doctors of two major tertiary care hospitals in Chittagong city.
Methods: A cross-sectional questionnaire survey was conducted among the junior doctors of Chittagong Medical College Hospital (CMCH) and Chattagram Maa -O- Shishu Hospital Medical College (CMOSHMC) to assess the factors influencing drug choice and the prescribing attitudes among junior doctors during August 2016.
Results: The questionnaires were provided to 220 participants of whom 162 (73.63%) participants provided a complete response to the survey. The response rate was 75.89% in CMOSHMCH and 71.29% in CMCH. The majority (87.03%) of junior doctors mentioned that they are highly influenced by their supervising senior doctors’ patterns of prescriptions. About 79.01% of them took the cost of drugs into consideration while prescribing. 58.64% of the prescribers reported their confidence while prescribing without supervision. On the otherhand, 33.33% doctors mentioned that side effects of the drug changed their patterns of prescriptions. Only one-third (33.95%) of the junior doctors opined that the pharmaceutical promotional offers never influence them.
Conclusion: Junior doctors decide their drug of choice mainly by copying their supervising senior doctors’ prescriptions without knowing how to choose, and they feel less confident while prescribing. Issues of drug cost, adverse drug reactions concerned the majority of the participants, but they do not have the clear ideas on how to deal with these practice behaviours. Moreover, pharmaceutical promotional offers significantly persuaded the junior doctors’ prescription patterns. So, there is a need for the continuous medical education programs in hospital settings to train the junior doctors for building capacities and competencies while prescribing.
Chatt Maa Shi Hosp Med Coll J; Vol.17 (1); Jan 2018; Page 17-22
Clinical Study on Risk Factors and Fetomaternal Outcome of Severe Preeclampsia in Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University
Authors: Sultana Aklima , Koli Lutfun Nahar Begam , Sayeeda Syeda 
Published: December 2018

Background: Preeclampsia (PE) especially severe or early PE, is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among the mothers and infants.To determine the maternal risk factors and fetomaternal outcome of severe preeclampsia.
Methods: It was a case control study, done in a tertiary care hospital among 100 patients with severe preeclampsia and normal pregnant women admitted. Sampling technique were consecutive sampling methods. Singleton pregnancy between 28 to 40 weeks of gestation with severe preeclampsia were selected as study patients. Written informed consent was obtained. A questionnaire was completed for each patient including patient's age, gestational age, parity, History of hypertension in family, weight and Body Mass Index (BMI). Maternal complications before or after delivery, and perinatal outcome were also be recorded in the data sheet. Data was analyzed by SPSS-20.
Results: Among the 50 cases and 50 controls regarding different risk factors age >34 years, BMI, history of precelampsia, were found significant (p<0.05) between two groups. Among the case group, patients developed eclampsia 2(4.0%) abruptio placenta 3(6.0%) HELLP syndrome 2(4.0%) ascites 4(8%) and oliguria1(2.0). But none of the control group had developed these types of complications. In case group 7(14.0%) patients developed PPH and pulmonary oedema 3(6.0%). In control group 5(10.0%) developed PPH and 1(2.0%) developed pulmonary oedema. It was observed that, in case group 5(12.5%) babies had very low birth weight (<1.5 kg) but not in control group. twenty one (52.5%) of the babies had low birth weight (<2.5 kg) in case group and 8.0% of babies had low birth weight in control group. Most 56.0% of the neonates had APGAR score 4-6 at 1 minute in case group and 12(24.0%) in control group. In case group 17(34%) babies developed birth asphyxia and 15(30.0%) of babies developed prematurity, where in control group 7(14.0%) babies developed birth asphyxia and 3(6.0%) of babies developed prematurity. 32(80.0%) newborn needed admission in neonatal care unit in case group and 10(20.0%) in control group (p<0.05). Take baby in home safely in 35(70.0%) in cases group and 50(100.0%) in control group. Early neonatal death was found in 5(10.0%) in case group and not found in control group. Still birth was 10(20.0%) case group and not found control group (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Preeclampsia is a leading cause of both fetal and maternal morbidity and mortality in the developing countries. Maternal and fetal outcome are worse in severe preeclampsia.
Chatt Maa Shi Hosp Med Coll J; Vol.17 (1); Jan 2018; Page 23-28