bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prognostic factors influencing the treatment outcome of onychomycosis Candida
Authors: Widaty Sandra , Miranda Eliza , Bramono Kusmarinah , Menaldi Sri Linuwih , Marissa Melani , Oktarina Caroline , Surya Danny , Kusumawardhani Hening Tirta 
Published: October 2019

AbstractOnychomycosis contributes as many as half of all nail disorder cases. In 2017, the incidence of onychomycosis was 15% of all dermatomycosis cases at our hospital, a tertiary hospital in Indonesia, with only 25% of the patients achieving mycological cure. This study aims to identify the prognostic factors influencing the treatment outcome of onychomycosis Candida. This is a retrospective study, using data obtained from outpatient registry at our hospital. Fifty‐four onychomycosis patients were included in this study. Potential prognostic factors were analysed by STATA15.0. Retrospective analysis with cox proportional‐hazard was used to measure the contribution of each variable to the treatment's outcome. Onset of disease, history of nail disorder, and site of infection were not associated with mycological cure (P > .05). Based on retrospective analysis, age[odds ratio (OR)1.46; 95% confidence interval (CI)1.07‐2.03], onset of disease (OR 1.14; 95%CI 1.11‐1.17), comorbidities (OR 1.07; 95%CI 1.03‐1.11), type of onychomycosis (OR 1.08; 95%CI 1.05‐1.16), site of infection (OR 1.12; 95%CI 1.04‐1.22) and number of infected nails (OR 1.50; 95%CI 1.25‐1.68) were significantly associated with poor treatment outcome, while type of treatment and type of systemic agents showed no significant association with the outcome. Kaplan‐Meier curves showed that subjects elderly age and more than 3 infected nails had the lowest median survival. Elderly, longer onset, presence of comorbidities, multiple sites of infection, and high number of infected nails can affect the mycological cure negatively. Unstandardised treatment was associated with the mycological cure despite not affecting the prognosis. Therefore, the management's goal is to identify these specific prognostic features.
Improvement of osseointegration by recruiting stem cells to titanium implants fabricated with 3D printing
Authors: Bollman Mary , Malbrue Raphael , Li Chunhong , Yao Hong , Guo Shengmin , Yao Shaomian 
Published: October 2019

AbstractSlow and incomplete osseointegration and loss of osseointegration are major problems in dental and bone implants. We designed implants with interconnected 3D‐tubulous structures and hypothesized that such interconnecting 3D (I3D) structures would serve as a repository for chemoattractants to recruit stem cells to promote osseointegration. A concept Laser Mlab‐cusing‐R laser‐powder‐bed‐fusion (LPBF) 3D printing system was used to produce titanium implants with designed features. The implants were loaded (coated) with stromal cell–derived factor‐1 alpha (SDF‐1α), and subjected to stem cell recruitment. Implants were then surgically transplanted into the rabbit skull bone. After 12 weeks, osseointegration was analyzed by reverse‐torque test and the implants were examined for calcium deposition by Alizarin Red staining. The I3D implants attracted significantly more stem cells than solid implants when coated (loaded) with SDF‐1α. Greater torque force was needed to extract the I3D implants with 200 and 300 µm I3D structures than to extract solid implants from the skull. Generally, more calcium deposition was observed on the I3D implants than on the solid counterparts. LPBF 3D printing can be used to fabricate implants with complex structures. I3D‐tubulous structures of implants can retain chemoattractant for recruitment of stem cells to enhance osseointegration.
Performance of the Linox implantable cardioverter defibrillator leads: A single‐center experience
Authors: Marai Ibrahim , Milman Anat , Nof Eyal , Gurevitz Osnat , Barlev David , Lipchenca Igor , Bachar Sharona , Glikson Michael , Beinart Roy 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundAn early failure of Biotronik Linox implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) leads has been reported from several centers.AimTo compare the performance of Linox ICD leads with different other ICD leads as a report of the Sheba Medical Center experience.MethodsAll patients who had implantation of Linox ICD leads between 2007 and 2016 were included in this study. ICD lead failure was defined as low‐ or high‐voltage impedance; failure to capture, sense, or defibrillate; or the presence of nonphysiological signals not due to external interference. The survival probability of Linox leads was determined and compared to Medtronic Sprint Quattro ICD leads.ResultsA total of 340 patients (age 64.4 ± 1.8 years) were included in this analysis. They were followed up to 105 months (mean 45.7 ± 7, median 44 (Interquartile range (IQR) 26‐63) months). Twelve patients (3.5%) met the criteria for lead failure within 61.2 ± 22.9 months (median 66.5 [IQR 48–85 months]) post implantation. Noise with inappropriate ventricular arrhythmias detection, with or without therapy, was seen in 10 patients (83%). High pacing thresholds and high impedances were detected in two patients (17%). The survival probability of Linox leads at 60 months (97.3%) was similar to the survival probability of Sprint Quattro leads (98.2%) (P = .58). Nevertheless, the survival probability at 105 months was much lower (81% vs 97%, Linox ICD lead and Sprint Quattro lead, respectively, P = .0039).ConclusionLinox ICD leads have higher late failure rates compared to Sprint Quattro leads. These findings need to be confirmed in larger scale studies.
Polls and Elections Trump, Twitter, and Public Dissuasion: A Natural Experiment in Presidential Rhetoric
Authors: Miles Matthew R. , Haider‐Markel Donald P. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractResearch suggests that the ability of the president to influence public attention to issues and shape public opinion is limited. Recently, presidential efforts at persuasion have expanded to social media, but presidential persuasion has yet to be explored in this medium. We address two relevant questions. First, what effects does a presidential tweet have on public interest in the issue discussed in the tweet? Second, what effect does a presidential tweet have on public attitudes about that issue? To answer these questions, we utilize a natural experiment that occurred while we were fielding a nationally representative survey of American adults. Our analysis provides considerable evidence that presidential tweets can have the unintended consequence of driving the public away from the president’s position on an issue.
Inhibitory control moderates the quadratic association between resting respiratory sinus arrhythmia and prosocial behaviors in children
Authors: Zhang Runzhu , Wang Zhenhong 
Published: October 2019

AbstractResting respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) is thought to be an important physiological correlate of prosocial behaviors. A negative quadratic association between resting RSA and prosocial behaviors has been found in recent studies. However, it remains unknown whether inhibitory control (IC), as an aspect of cognitive regulation, moderates this quadratic association. This issue was examined in the present study. One hundred and forty‐eight children (81 girls, 54.7%) aged 7–8 years completed a go/no‐go task to assess their IC, and the children's parents completed the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire‒Chinese version (SDQ‐CV) to assess children's prosocial behaviors. Resting RSA was calculated by electrocardiogram (ECG) data collected during a resting period in the laboratory. The results showed a significant quadratic association between resting RSA and children's prosocial behaviors. More importantly, IC had a significant moderating effect on the quadratic association between resting RSA and prosocial behaviors. Specifically, the quadratic effect of resting RSA on prosocial behaviors was observed only among children with low and average IC and disappeared in children with better IC. The findings suggest that IC interacts with resting RSA to contribute to prosocial behaviors in children. High levels of IC could attenuate the negative impact of high and low resting RSA on prosocial behaviors.
The problem of regulatory arbitrage: A transaction cost economics perspective
Authors: Marjosola Heikki 
Published: October 2019

AbstractRegulatory arbitrage, or the ability of financial firms to circumvent or neutralize rules, is a classic problem of financial regulation. This article draws on transaction cost economics (TCE) to reformulate this old problem, thus defining regulatory arbitrage as a contracting hazard arising from interactions between the regulator and regulated firms, given bounded rationality and opportunism. Following standard TCE, the article first characterizes the implicit regulatory contract in finance, focusing in particular on the mobile and elastic nature of regulated actors and financial assets as well as the contested utility of financial innovation. It is then argued that this incomplete and hazard‐prone regulatory bargain must be matched with a governance structure that both adapts to unforeseen circumstances and avoidance strategies and copes with radical uncertainty about the welfare consequences of financial innovation. To that end, the article discusses how a governance structure here termed “relational regulation” might facilitate suchex postgovernance under uncertainty.
Combined tube cystostomy and urethrotomy for the treatment of urethral obstruction due to urolithiasis in goats
Authors: Applegate Tanya J. , Barrell Emily A. , Hassel Diana M. , Hackett Eileen S. , Simpson Katharine M. , Callan Robert J. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo describe the treatment of goats with urethral obstruction secondary to urolithiasis by combining tube cystostomy and urethrotomy.AnimalsEight male goats.Study designShort case series.MethodsMedical records (September 2012–September 2017) of male goats treated for obstruction secondary to urolithiasis with tube cystostomy and urethrotomy were reviewed. Data collected included signalment, history, physical examination findings, diagnostic results, perioperative treatments, operative details, hospitalization duration, intraoperative and postoperative complications, urolith analysis, and time to restoration of urethral patency. Long‐term follow‐up (>12 months) was obtained by email or telephone interviews of owners or by clinical examination.ResultsSeven of eight goats were castrated males of various of breeds. All goats were tachycardic with urethral pulsation at admission. Uroliths were composed of calcium carbonate in four goats and silica in one goat. All goats regained urethral patency during hospitalization, and all were discharged alive from the hospital. Seven goats were alive at long‐term follow‐up. Postoperative complications included persistent urethral obstruction requiring a second urethrotomy 2 days postoperatively, premature dislodgement of the bladder catheter and jejunal obstruction secondary to adhesions, and recurrence of obstructive urolithiasis within the proximal perineal urethra requiring a second surgery 8 months later (1 each). Long‐term outcome was good, with urethral patency beyond 12 months in six of eight goats.ConclusionCombining tube cystostomy and urethrotomy restored urethral patency in goats with urethral obstruction from uroliths. Although none of the complications seemed directly related to the urethrotomy, formation of abdominal adhesions and recurrence of urolithiasis affected long‐term outcomes.Clinical significanceUroliths that do not dissolve in acidic urine may be more frequent in some practices. The combined approach of tube cystostomy and urethrotomy appears to successfully restore urethral patency with promising long‐term outcomes.
Estimating the Value of a Unitization Law for Shale Gas Development
Authors: Kleit Andrew , Leelachutipong Eakasit , Wang John Yilin 
Published: October 2019

AbstractHorizontal drilling together with hydraulic fracturing has become a very effective mechanism for the extraction of natural gas in several shale plays in the United States. Efficient horizontal drilling, however, generally requires operating in a “unit,” across the property of numerous landowners. If a landowner, however, is unwilling to allow drilling beneath their property, the result can be harmful to both the producing company and other landowners in the unit. To address this problem, most major oil and nature gas states, except for Pennsylvania, have unitization statutes. We examine the impact of such laws by looking at the recent Emersyn matter from the state of Ohio. We estimate that the unitization ordered by the State of Ohio greatly increased the potential recoverable product from the proposed unit. Just as importantly, it more than proportionally increased the profits to the producer and royalty owners. Our results also show that the breakeven production price is very sensitive to whether forced unitization is available to the producer. At least three policy issues arise from this analysis. First, the rationale for unitization is not clear in all circumstances. In the Emersyn matter, the State of Ohio required access to property rights, even though not allowing such access would not have “stranded” any other landowners, and where the party in question was a sophisticated producer, rather than a landowner. Second, there appears to be no guidance for setting reimbursements to property owners who are forced to allow producers access to their property. Third, it is not clear the extent to which the state should take the producers' plans as given, rather than inquire about options to unitization.
Study on the Optimization of Hydrate Management Strategies in Deepwater Gas Well Testing Operations
Authors: Song Shangfei , Shi Bohui , Yu Weichao , Ding Lin , Liu Yang , Li Wang , Gong Jing 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Low temperature and high pressure conditions favor the formation of gas clathrate hydrates which is undesirable during oil and gas industries operation. The management of hydrate formation and plugging risk is essential for the flow assurance in the oil and gas production. This study aims to show how hydrate management in the deepwater gas well testing operations in the South China Sea can be optimized. To prevent the plugging of hydrate, three hydrate management strategies are investigated. The first method, injecting thermodynamic hydrate inhibitor (THI) is the most commonly used method to prevent hydrate formation. THI tracking is utilized to obtain the distribution of mono ethylene glycol (MEG) along the pipeline. The optimal dosage of MEG is calculated through further analysis. The second method, hydrate slurry flow technology is applied to the gas well. Pressure drop ratio (PDR) is defined to denote the hydrate blockage risk margin. The third method is the kinetic hydrate inhibitor (KHI) injection. The delayed effect of KHI on the hydrate formation induction time ensures that hydrates do not form in the pipe. This method is effective in reducing the injection amount of inhibitor. The problems of the three hydrate management strategies which should be paid attention to in industrial application are analyzed. This work promotes the understanding of hydrate management strategies and provides guidance for hydrate management optimization in oil and gas industry.
Long-Term Effects of Whole-Body Vibration in Trained Adolescent Swimmers: Does It Increase Strength, Power, and Swimming Performance?
Authors: Muniz-Pardos Borja , Gómez-Bruton Alejandro , Matute-Llorente Ángel , González-Agüero Alex , Gómez-Cabello Alba , Casajús José A. , Vicente-Rodríguez Germán 
Published: October 2019

Purpose: To examine the effects of a 6-month whole-body vibration (WBV) training on lower-body strength (LBS), lower-body power (LBP), and swimming performance in adolescent trained swimmers. Methods: Thirty-seven swimmers (23 males and 14 females; 14.8 [1.3] y) were randomly assigned to the WBV (n = 20) or the control group (n = 17). Isometric LBS (knee extension and half squat) and LBP (vertical and horizontal jumps and 30-m sprint) tests were performed before and after the intervention period. Swimming performance times in 100 m were collected from official competitions. As time × sex interaction was not found for any variable (P > .05), males and females were analyzed as a whole. Results: Within-group analyses showed a most likely beneficial moderate effect of WBV on isometric knee extension (effect size [ES] = 0.63), 30-m sprint test (ES = 0.62), and 100-m performance (ES = 0.25), although these were corresponded with comparable small to moderate effects in the control group (ES = 0.73, 0.71, and 0.20, respectively). The control group obtained a small possibly beneficial effect of swimming-only training on vertical jump performance, whereas no effect was observed in the WBV group. Unclear effects were observed for the rest of the variables assessed. Between-group analyses revealed unclear effects of WBV training when compared with the control condition in all studied variables. Conclusions: There is no current evidence to support the use of WBV training, and therefore, coaches and sports specialists should select other methods of training when the aim is to increase LBS, LBP, or swimming performance.
Multistage growth and compositional change at the Goat Rocks volcanic complex, a major Pliocene–Pleistocene andesite center in the southern Washington Cascades
Authors: Wall Kellie T. , Grunder Anita L. , Miggins Daniel P. , Coble Matthew A. 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACT
The deeply eroded Goat Rocks volcanic complex was a major locus of andesitic volcanism in the Cascade arc in southwest Washington during the late Pliocene to Pleistocene. This volcanic complex includes the remnants of multiple andesitic edifices over an area of ~200 km2, centered ~35 km north of Mount Adams on the arc axis. New 40Ar/39Ar ages for seven samples and U/Pb zircon ages for nine samples indicate a 2.5–2.9 m.y. eruptive history at Goat Rocks. Four eruptive stages are delineated: Tieton Peak (potentially 3.0–2.6 Ma), Bear Creek Mountain (&gt;1.6–1.3 Ma), Lake Creek (1.1–0.6 Ma), and Old Snowy Mountain (0.4–0.1 Ma), each named for the major vent that was active during that time. Lake Creek volcano was the most voluminous of these edifices and probably rose at least 3400 m above sea level with a volume of ~60 km3, comparable to nearby active composite volcanoes. Thirty new bulk composition X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry analyses from the volcanic complex are presented, in addition to 54 previously unpublished XRF analyses for samples collected by Don Swanson. The compositional variability is greatest in the early and late stages, ranging from basaltic andesite to rhyolite, whereas the more voluminous middle stages are dominated by andesite to dacite. The middle eruptive stages are interpreted to have been a time of peak thermal energy with a mature subvolcanic plexus. In addition, compositions shift from high-K to medium-K compositions with time, which mimics variation across the arc; early eruptive products are similar in composition to those of Mount Adams, and Old Snowy Mountain stage compositions are more similar to those of Mount St. Helens. The life cycle of Goat Rocks volcanic complex provides new perspective on the longevity and evolution of major arc volcanoes, and on the complex distribution of magma in the Cascade arc at the latitudes of southern Washington and adjacent Oregon.
Dikes in the Koa‘e fault system, and the Koa‘e–east rift zone structural grain at Kīlauea Volcano, Hawai‘i
Authors: Swanson Donald A. , Fiske Richard S. , Thornber Carl R. , Poland Michael P. 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACT
Two small scoria vents were discovered in the Koa‘e fault system, an extensional regime connecting the east and southwest rift zones of Kīlauea that was previously considered to be noneruptive. The chemical composition of the scoria suggests an early to middle nineteenth-century age. The vents prove that magma can intrude several kilometers into the central part of the Koa‘e fault system from the nearest rift zone, supporting previous seismic and geodetic inferences of intrusions into the Koa‘e fault system in the twentieth century.
Geodetic studies for the past 50 yr document widening of the Koa‘e fault system at a time-averaged rate of ~4.5 cm/yr, involving mostly coseismic strains, but also creep and displacement related to dike intrusions. These rates are consistent with a longer-term widening rate for the past ~700 yr calculated from crack widths in a lava flow of about that age. The Koa‘e fault system blends into, and is a structural continuation of, the east rift zone. We interpret the locus of intrusion in the east rift zone to have migrated ~6.5 km SE during the past 100,000–125,000 yr, as estimated from linear extrapolation of measured displacement rates across the Koa‘e fault system and east rift zone. The inception of migration is consistent with the onset of the tholeiitic stage at Kīlauea as interpreted by previous studies. As the rift zone moved away from the summit, a marked curvature in the transport pathway developed in order for the rift zone to maintain its connection to the summit magma reservoir. The migration resulted in development of the SE-trending east rift connector, a term we prefer instead of the upper east rift zone. The connector supplies magma to the ENE-trending rift zone from the summit storage complex but is not itself the site of significant magma storage or eruption.
The Koa‘e fault system merges into the southwest rift zone, which has been migrating southeastward for an uncertain period of time. Some magma that enters it passes from the summit reservoir complex through the southwest rift connector (seismic southwest rift zone), analogous to the east rift connector. Both connectors reflect the response of magma-transport pathways to asymmetric volcano spreading away from a relatively fixed summit magma reservoir.
The ENE structural grain of the Koa‘e fault system and east rift zone pervades Kīlauea’s entire edifice. Most eruptions take place along this trend. The major exception is the southwest rift zone, which may reflect the stresses of Mauna Loa spreading and the Ka‘ōiki fault system. The dominant ENE grain emphasizes the importance of SSE-directed volcano spreading in controlling most of Kīlauea’s tectonic and eruptive behavior.