bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Screening for Fabry disease and Hereditary ATTR amyloidosis in idiopathic small‐fiber and mixed neuropathy
Authors: Samuelsson Kristin , Radovic Ana , Press Rayomand , Auranen Mari , Ylikallio Emil , Tyynismaa Henna , KäRppä Mikko , Veteläinen Matilda , Peltola Niina , Mellgren Svein Ivar , Mygland Åse , Tallaksen Chantal , Andersen Henning , Terkelsen Astrid Juhl , Fontain Freja , Hietaharju Aki 
Published: September 2018

ABSTRACTIntroduction: In this study we assessed the value of genetic screening for Fabry disease (FD) and hereditary ATTR amyloidosis in patients with idiopathic small‐fiber neuropathy (SFN) or mixed neuropathy in a clinical setting. Methods: This was a Nordic multicenter study with 9 participating centers. Patients with idiopathic SFN or mixed neuropathy were included. Genetic sequencing of the TTR and GLA genes was performed. Results: There were 172 patients enrolled in the study. Genetic screening was performed in 155 patients. No pathogenic mutations in the TTR gene were found. A single patient had a possible pathogenic variant, R118C, in the GLA gene, but clinical investigation showed no firm signs of FD. Discussion: Screening for hereditary ATTR amyloidosis and FD in patients with idiopathic SFN or mixed neuropathy without any additional disease‐specific symptoms or clinical characteristics in a Nordic population appears to be of little value in a clinical setting. Muscle Nerve 59:354–357, 2019
Hepatitis B virus large surface protein is priming for hepatocellular carcinoma development via induction of cytokinesis failure
Authors: Musa Julian , Li Jing , Grünewald Thomas GP 
Published: September 2018

AbstractChronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a main risk factor for development of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Although HBV vaccination and antiviral therapy lead to substantial risk reduction for HCC development, it is evident that both can reduce, but not completely eliminate the risk. High serum levels of HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) were shown to predict disease progression of chronic HBV infection in patients harboring low viral load, and in line with this, HBV surface proteins were shown to exert oncogenic functions. As HBsAg seroclearance is infrequently achieved in patients who have undergone antiviral therapy, it is necessary to gain further insights into molecular mechanisms of HBsAg seroclearance failure after antiviral therapy and HCC development mediated by HBV surface proteins. A recent study published in this journal has shown that the HBsAg large surface protein (LHBs) contributes to HCC development by inducing cytokinesis failure and consequent aneuploidy via induction of DNA damage and polo‐like kinase 1 (PLK1)‐mediated G2/M checkpoint failure in hepatocytes. Inhibition of PLK1 by a PLK1‐specific small molecule inhibitor was shown to restore G2/M checkpoint in vitro and to reduce tumor burden in vivo. The initial LHBs‐induced hepatocyte aneuploidy may give rise to further aneuploidy and thereby lead to self‐propagating cycles of chromosomal instability driving intra‐tumor heterogeneity and clonal cancer evolution. Thus, LHBs‐induced cytokinesis failure may be a priming event for HCC development. In conclusion, the study not only provides further mechanistic insights into the oncogenic role of LHBs, but also identifies a potential target to interfere with the vicious circle of LHBs‐induced aneuploidy, which may be especially useful in patients showing failure of HBsAg seroclearance after antiviral therapy. Copyright © 2018 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Bone morphogenetic protein receptor signal transduction in human disease
Authors: Gomez‐Puerto Maria Catalina , Iyengar Prasanna Vasudevan , García de Vinuesa Amaya , ten Dijke Peter , Sanchez‐Duffhues Gonzalo 
Published: September 2018

AbstractBone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are secreted cytokines that were initially discovered on the basis of their ability to induce bone. Several decades of research have now established that these proteins function in a large variety of physiopathological processes. There are about 15 BMP family members, which signal via three transmembrane type II receptors and four transmembrane type I receptors. Mechanistically, BMP binding leads to phosphorylation of the type I receptor by the type II receptor. This activated heteromeric complex triggers intracellular signaling that is initiated by phosphorylation of receptor‐regulated SMAD1, 5, and 8 (also termed R‐SMADs). Activated R‐SMADs form heteromeric complexes with SMAD4, which engage in specific transcriptional responses. There is convergence along the signaling pathway and, besides the canonical SMAD pathway, BMP‐receptor activation can also induce non‐SMAD signaling. Each step in the pathway is fine‐tuned by positive and negative regulation and crosstalk with other signaling pathways. For example, ligand bioavailability for the receptor can be regulated by ligand‐binding proteins that sequester the ligand from interacting with receptors. Accessory co‐receptors, also known as BMP type III receptors, lack intrinsic enzymatic activity but enhance BMP signaling by presenting ligands to receptors. In this review, we discuss the role of BMP receptor signaling and how corruption of this pathway contributes to cardiovascular and musculoskeletal diseases and cancer. We describe pharmacological tools to interrogate the function of BMP receptor signaling in specific biological processes and focus on how these agents can be used as drugs to inhibit or activate the function of the receptor, thereby normalizing dysregulated BMP signaling. © 2018 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
Synthesis and nanoimprinting of high refractive index and highly transparent polythioethers based on thiol‐ene click chemistry
Authors: Nakabayashi Kazuhiro , Sobu Shigeki , Kosuge Yuji , Mori Hideharu 
Published: September 2018

ABSTRACTThis work demonstrates the UV nanoimprinting lithography (UV‐NIL) of high refractive index and highly transparent polythioethers based on thiol‐ene click chemistry. Herein, 9,9‐bis(3‐mercaptopropylphenylether)fluorene (BMPF) is designed as a new thiol monomer with a high refractive index, high transparency, and good processability for UV‐NIL. Colorless polythioethers are synthesized from BMPF and ene monomers under mild thiol‐ene click reaction conditions. Excellent transmittance (96%) of 400 nm light is observed in all the polymer films and high refractive index values of 1.5972–1.6382 are attained. UV‐NIL using thiol‐ene photopolymerization affords polymer nanoimprinting patterns with various features on the order of 100–500 nm without any fractures. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on UV‐NIL of high refractive index and highly transparent polymers. Through proper monomer and polymer design, novel polythioethers with suitable glass transition temperature (T
g) values are developed with high refractive index, high transparency, and good UV‐NIL processability. Furthermore, UV‐NIL based on thiol‐ene click chemistry is accomplished at the nanoscale. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2018, 56, 2175–2182
Modular synthesis of photodegradable polymers with different sensitive wavelengths as UV/NIR responsive nanocarriers
Authors: Li Lei , Wu Yuhuan , Du Fu‐Sheng , Li Zi‐Chen 
Published: September 2018

ABSTRACTWe report the modular and facile synthesis of three novel polymers able to photodegrade by UV and visible light via the Passerini multicomponent polymerizations of 1,6‐hexanedioic acid and 1,6‐diisocyanohexane with 5‐methoxy‐2‐nitrobenzaldehyde (M2), 4,5‐dimethoxy‐2‐nitrobenzaldehyde (M3) or 7‐(N,N‐diethylamino)‐4‐formylcoumarin (M4) respectively. This synthetic strategy takes the advantage of the in situ formation of a photolabile chromophore via the Passerini reaction of an aromatic aldehyde with an acid and an isocyanide, thus it is a versatile approach to regulating the photochemical property of the photolabile chromophores by just changing the aldehyde structure. Importantly, two polymers (P3 and P4) even exhibit NIR degradability due to the two‐photon absorption, and their nanoparticles formulated by the single emulsion method have been used as the NIR‐responsive nanocarriers for hydrophobic dyes. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2019, 57, 334–341
Highly oriented and ordered microstructures in block copolymer films
Authors: Zhao Wei , Zhang Yi , Wang Xiao , Hu Xiaowen , Liu Feng , Russell Thomas P. , Zhou Guofu 
Published: September 2018

ABSTRACTBlock copolymer (BCP) films with long‐range lateral ordering and orientation are crucial for many applications. Here, we report a simple, versatile strategy based on a solution casting procedure, to produce millimeter thick film of BCPs with highly oriented nanostructures. Transmission electron microscope (TEM), small angle X‐ray scattering (SAXS), and Hansen solubility parameters were used to study the morphology and interactions of the system. A variety of BCP‐solvent pairs were investigated. Factors including set‐up geometry, BCP characteristics, solvent evaporation, surface tension, and interactions, such as solvent‐BCP, solvent‐substrate, and BCP‐substrate were examined. A mechanism is proposed to describe the observed long‐range lateral ordering and orientation in films up to 1 mm in thickness. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2018, 56, 1369–1375
In situ multiscale study of deformation heterogeneities in polylactide‐based materials upon drawing: Influence of initial crystallinity and plasticization
Authors: Brüster Berit , Martin Arnaud , Bardon Julien , Koutsawa Yao , Bernstorff Sigrid , Raquez Jean‐Marie , André Stéphane , Dubois Philippe , Addiego Frédéric 
Published: September 2018

ABSTRACTThis work aims at identifying defects called deformation heterogeneities developing in polylactide (PLA)‐based materials upon drawing at room temperature. The influence of the initial crystallinity and of the plasticization methodology (physical blending vs. reactive blending) on the type of defect is also investigated. Defects are characterized in situ by (a) calculating the volume strain from digital image correlation (DIC), (b) measuring their surface density from optical microscopy, and (c) assessing their scattering invariant from small‐angle X‐ray scattering. Complementary structural analyses are done by microcomputed X‐ray tomography and atomic force microscopy. Drawing is accompanied by crazing in the case of low‐crystalline PLA, cracking in the case of annealed PLA, no defect in the case of plasticized PLA by physical blending, and shear bands and cracking in the case of plasticized PLA by reactive blending. These observations are discussed based on the initial structural features of the materials. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2018, 56, 1452–1468
Evaluation of the anticancer and anti‐metastasis effects of novel synthetic sodium channel blockers in prostate cancer cells in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Wang Jiajia , Lu Zongliang , Wu Changpeng , Li Yanwu , Kong Ya , Zhou Rui , Shi Kun , Guo Jing , Li Na , Liu Jie , Song Wei , Wang He , Zhu Mingxing , Xu Hongxia 
Published: September 2018

BackgroundVoltage‐gated sodium channels (VGSCs) are involved in several cellular processes related to cancer cell growth and metastasis, including adhesion, proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion. We here in investigated the effects of S0154 and S0161, two novel synthetic sodium channel blockers (SCBs), on human prostate cancer cells (PC3, DU145, and LnCaP) and a prostate cancer xenograft model.MethodsThe MTT assay was used to assess the anticancer effects of SCBs in PC3, DU145, and LnCaP cells. Sodium indicator and glucose uptake assays were used to determine the effects of S0154 and S0161 in PC3 cells. The impact of these SCBs on the proliferation, cell cycle, apoptosis, migration, and invasion of PC3 cells were determined using a CFDA‐SE cell proliferation assay, cell cycle assay, annexin V‐FITC apoptosis assay, transwell cell invasion assay, and wound‐healing assay, respectively. The protein expression levels of Nav1.6, Nav1.7, CDK1, cyclin B1, MMP2, MMP9 in PC3 cells were analysis by Western blotting. The in vivo anticancer activity was evaluated using a PC3 xenograft model in nude mice.ResultsS0154 and S0161 both showed anticancer and anti‐metastatic effects against prostate cancer cells and significantly inhibited cell viability, with IC50 values in the range of 10.51‐26.60 μmol/L (S0154) and 5.07‐11.92 μmol/L (S0161). Both compounds also increased the intracellular level of sodium, inhibited the protein expression of two α subunits of VGSCs (Nav1.6 and Nav1.7), and caused G2/M phase cell cycle arrest, with no or minor effects on cell apoptosis. Concentrations of 5 and 10 μmol/L of S0154 and S0161 significantly decreased the glucose uptake of PC3 cells. The compounds also inhibited the proliferation of PC3 cells and decreased their invasion in transwell assays. Furthermore, S0161 exerted antitumor activity in an in vivo PC3 xenograft model in nude mice, inhibiting the growth of the tumors by about 51% compared to the control group.ConclusionsThese results suggest that S0154 and S0161 have anticancer and anti‐metastasis effects in prostate cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo, supporting their further development as potential therapeutic agents for prostate cancer.
Role of gram‐positive bacteria in chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CPPS)
Authors: Murphy Stephen F. , Anker Jonathan F. , Mazur Daniel J. , Hall Christel , Schaeffer Anthony J. , Thumbikat Praveen 
Published: September 2018

INTRODUCTIONChronic pelvic pain syndrome (CPPS) is a complex disorder that affects a large proportion of all men. A limited understanding of its etiology and pathogenesis is reflected by the absence of effective therapies. Although CPPS is deemed clinically non‐infectious with no well‐defined etiological role for microbes, bacteria is readily isolated from both healthy and patient prostate secretion and urine samples. Our laboratory has previously demonstrated that a specific gram‐negative bacterial isolate can induce CPPS‐like symptoms in mice. Here we aimed to expand on these findings examining the role of gram‐positive patient‐derived bacteria in CPPS.METHODSA retrospective analysis of bacterial cultures from CPPS patients from a single center was performed. Gram‐positive bacteria were isolated from the expressed prostatic secretion (EPS) of three CPPS‐patients (pain inducers, PI) and one from a healthy volunteer (non‐pain inducer, NPI). These bacteria were inoculated intra‐urethrally in two mouse backgrounds and analyzed for their ability to induce tactile allodynia, voiding dysfunction, and colonize the murine prostate. Host immune responses to bacterial instillation were analyzed by flow cytometry.RESULTSPI strains (Staphylococcus haemolyticus 2551, Enterococcus faecalis 427, and Staphylococcus epidermidis 7244) induced and maintained tactile allodynia responses (200% increase above baseline) for 28 days in NOD/ShiLtJ mice. Conversely the healthy subject derived strain (Staphylococcus epidermidis NPI) demonstrated no significant pelvic allodynia induction. Intra‐urethral inoculation of the four bacterial strains into C57BL/6 mice did not induce significant increases in pain responses. Infected NOD/ShiLtJ displayed significant voiding dysfunction compared to their control counterparts. Colony counts of prostate tissues from both NOD/ShiLtJ and C57BL/6 mice at day 28 demonstrated that bacterial strains colonized equally well, including NPI. We also determined that mechanistically, the patient‐isolates induced prostate inflammation specifically involving T‐cells and monocytes.CONCLUSIONSGram‐positive isolates from CPPS patients showed enhanced ability to induce tactile allodynia compared to a single taxonomically similar gram‐positive strain isolated from a healthy control. Responses were shown to be dependent on host genetic background and not on colonization differences between strains.
X‐ray absorption signatures of hydrogen‐bond structure in water–alcohol solutions
Authors: Stetina Torin F. , Clark Aurora E. , Li Xiaosong 
Published: September 2018

AbstractDespite fundamental importance, the experimental characterization of the hydrogen bond network, particularly in multicomponent protic solutions, remains a challenge. Although recent work has experimentally validated that the oxygen K‐edge X‐ray absorption spectra is sensitive to local hydrogen bond patterns in pure water and aqueous alcohol solutions, the generality of this observation is unknown—as is the sensitivity to the electronic structure of the alcohol cosolvent. In this work, we investigate the electronic structure of water solvated alcohol model geometries using energy specific time‐dependent density functional theory to calculate oxygen K‐edge X‐ray excitations. We find that the geometry of dangling hydrogen bonds in pure water is the main contributor to the pre‐edge feature seen in the X‐ray absorption spectra, agreeing with previous experimental and theoretical work. We then extend this result to solvated alcohol systems and observe a similar phenomenon, yet importantly, the increase of electron donation from alkyl chains to the alcohol OH group directly correlates to the strength of the core excitation on the dangling hydrogen bond model geometry. This trend arises from a stronger transition dipole moment due to electron localization on the OH group.
Strong Light–Matter Coupling as a New Tool for Molecular and Material Engineering: Quantum Approach
Authors: Kolaric Branko , Maes Bjorn , Clays Koen , Durt Thomas , Caudano Yves 
Published: September 2018

AbstractWhen atoms come together and bond, these new states are called molecules and their properties determine many aspects of our daily life. Strangely enough, it is conceivable for light and molecules to bond, creating new hybrid light–matter states with far‐reaching consequences for thesestrongly coupledmaterials. Even stranger, there is no “real” light needed to obtain the effects; it simply appears from the vacuum, creating “something from nothing.” Surprisingly, the setup required to create these materials has become moderately straightforward. In its simplest form, one only needs to put a strongly absorbing material at the appropriate place between two mirrors, and quantum magic can appear. Only recently has it been discovered that strong coupling can affect a host of significant effects at a material and molecular level, which were thought to be independent of the “light” environment: phase transitions, conductivity, chemical reactions, etc. This review addresses the fundamentals of this opportunity: the quantum mechanical foundations, the relevant plasmonic and photonic structures, and a description of the various applications, connecting material chemistry with quantum information, entanglement, nonlinear optics, and chemical reactivity. Ultimately, revealing the interplay between light and matter in this new regime opens attractive avenues for various new technologies.
Transradial prostheses: Trends in development of hardware and control systems
Authors: Semasinghe Chathura Lakshan , Madusanka Dannangoda Gamage Kanishka , Ranaweera Ranaweera Kaluarachchige Pubudu Sampath , Gopura Ranathunga Arachchilage Ruwan Chandra 
Published: September 2018

AbstractBackgroundProsthesis is a wearable device that intends to provide the functionality and/or appearance of a missing body part. In the case of trans‐radial prostheses, the wearer or the trans‐radial amputee is fitted with an artificial wrist and a hand that is either mechanically or electro‐mechanically operated. Main aim is to enable the wearer to perform activities of daily living with minimal external assistance.MethodsIn this review paper, hardware systems of state‐of‐the‐art trans‐radial prostheses have been briefly discussed. Focus is to provide an insight on the latest technologies employed in development of its mechanical systems: terminal devices, artificial wrist joints, and body attachments. In that context, latest hardware designs on terminal devices for grasping motion are presented as it is the primary function of trans‐radial prostheses. Hardware designs of prosthetic wrists and body attachments are also reviewed. Finally, latest trends and future directions on design of trans‐radial prostheses are explored and presented.ConclusionsSize, shape, weight, durability, appearance, and functionality are the key factors that need to be considered when developing a trans‐radial prosthesis. Moreover, the current developments are moving closer to a human upper limb. However, the availability of these devices is minimum due to high‐tech involved and the high cost, which necessitates further development trans‐radial prostheses.
Benzothiadiazole‐Based Diarylamines as a Fluoride Sensor: Prevention of Fluoride Induced Decomposition of Receptor Molecule by Complex Formation with Cu2+
Authors: Elavarasan Kumaravel , Saravanan Chinnusamy , Selvam Nagarajan Paneer , Easwaramoorthi Shanmugam 
Published: September 2018

AbstractBenzothiadiazole based diarylamine TBT‐HH and its derivatives TBT‐HN and TBT‐HM, having an electron withdrawing nitro group and an electron donating methoxy group at para phenylamine position, respectively, were synthesized and used as a fluoride sensor. All the compounds show well‐defined visible color changes in the presence of fluoride ion; the orange colour of TBT‐HN becomes blue and the pink colored TBT‐HH and TBT‐HM becomes colourless. While the presence of F‐ red shifts the absorption maximum by 174 nm to the near IR region for comparatively electron deficient nitro substituent, for the electron rich receptors TBT‐HH and TBT‐HM blue shifted absorption was observed. 1H‐NMR titration experiments of all the receptors confirm deprotonation of the N−H proton by fluoride ion. The deprotonated state of the receptor was stabilized by electron withdrawing nitro substituent whereas that of electron donating substituents destabilizes the deprotonated state and subsequently leads to its decomposition, which is prevented by Cu2+ ion through the complex formation. This hypothesis has been used to develop sensor strips based on these compounds, which shows a color change in the presence of fluoride ion in aqueous solution. Our investigations suggest that the presence of suitable electron deficient substitution would lead to the deprotonation of the diarlyamines, which can subsequently be used for several applications. In rare cases, fluoride induced decomposition of molecules can be prevented by this kind complex formation reaction.
Synthesis and Antimicrobial Activity of New Isoxazolyl Benzo[1, 4] diazepine‐5‐one Derivatives
Authors: Ponduri Rajasekhar , Kumar Pramod , Vadali Lakshmana Rao 
Published: September 2018

AbstractA series of novel isoxazolyl‐1,4‐benzodiazepine‐5‐ones 4 have been synthesized by the reaction of phenacyl isoxazolylamines 1 with o‐nitrobenzoic acids 2 to furnish different (E)‐N‐(3‐methyl‐5‐styrylisoxazol‐4‐yl)‐2‐nitro‐N‐(2‐oxo‐2‐phenylethyl)benzamides 3, which on treatment with Fe‐AcOH underwent reductive cyclization to afford the target compounds 4 a‐w. The newly synthesized compounds were characterized by IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and HRMS analysis. The target compounds 4 a‐w were evaluated for their in vitro antimicrobial activity. Among the synthesized compounds, compounds 4 r, 4 s, 4 t, 4 u, 4 v and 4 w showed potent antimicrobial activity as compared with the reference drugs. Most of the newly synthesized title compounds have shown good to excellent antimicrobial activity.