bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quantitative analysis of enhanced malignant and benign lesions on contrast-enhanced spectral mammography
Authors: Deng Chih-Ying , Juan Yu-Hsiang , Cheung Yun-Chung , Lin Yu-Ching , Lo Yung-Feng , Lin GiGin , Chen Shin-Cheh , Ng Shu-Hang 
Published: February 2018

Objective:
To retrospectively analyze the quantitative measurement and kinetic enhancement among pathologically proven benign and malignant lesions using contrast-enhanced spectral mammography (CESM).

Methods:
We investigated the differences in enhancement between 44 benign and 108 malignant breast lesions in CESM, quantifying the extent of enhancements and the relative enhancements between early (between 2–3 min after contrast medium injection) and late (3–6 min) phases.

Results:
The enhancement was statistically stronger in malignancies compared to benign lesions, with good performance by the receiver operating characteristic curve [0.877, 95% confidence interval (0.813–0.941)]. Using optimal cut-off value at 220.94 according to Youden index, the sensitivity was 75.9%, specificity 88.6%, positive likelihood ratio 6.681, negative likelihood ratio 0.272 and accuracy 82.3%. The relative enhancement patterns of benign and malignant lesions, showing 29.92 vs 73.08% in the elevated pattern, 7.14 vs 92.86% in the steady pattern, 5.71 vs 94.29% in the depressed pattern, and 80.00 vs 20.00% in non-enhanced lesions (p &lt; 0.0001), respectively.

Conclusion:
Despite variations in the degree of tumour angiogenesis, quantitative analysis of the breast lesions on CESM documented the malignancies had distinctive stronger enhancement and depressed relative enhancement patterns than benign lesions.

Advances in knowledge:
To our knowledge, this is the first study evaluating the feasibility of quantifying lesion enhancement on CESM. The quantities of enhancement were informative for assessing breast lesions in which the malignancies had stronger enhancement and more relative depressed enhancement than the benign lesions.
Pick up pattern from logic fuzzy in mathematics for zonation of ‎landslide hazard
Authors: Sharifi Rahman 
Published: February 2018

First landslide hazard zonation provided based on Fuzzy logic by landslide area laid on the Slope map, ‎Geology( lithology) map, Aspect map. Then, these maps classes of priority and coming next determine based ‎on existing landslides area in the geology, slope, and aspect of maps. In the geology map of tuff, shale, and ‎conglomerate rocks, about with hectare 1440.43(about percent 23.94 ) and shelly limestone ‎‎ about with hectare ‎‎0.88 (about percent 0.01 ) and in the slope map, X>45 classes about with hectare 2794 ( about percent 46.44 ) ‎and 15-25 classes about with hectare 737 ( about percent 12.25) and in the aspect map, East classes with about ‎hectare 1882 ( about percent 31.28 ) and west classes with hectare 579 ( about percent 9.62 ) sequential have ‎most and least landslide area. Then, in the final drawer to dimension centimeters 2 in region watershed ‎management of map and we counted from 0 until 863 based on geology, slope and aspect that exist the only unit ‎‎624 counted from 0 until 623. Then (y) units settled sequential, numbers 0 to 105 in very low sensitivity class ‎‎(one class), numbers 106 to 207 in low sensitivity class (two class), numbers 208 to 345 in average sensitivity ‎class (three class), numbers 346 to 498 in high sensitivity class (four class) and numbers 499 to 623. then ‎landslide hazard zonation provided a base on Fuzzy logic.‎
The Efficacy of Heart Rate Variability in Tracking Travel and Training Stress in Youth Female Rowers: A Preliminary Study
Authors: Egan-Shuttler Julian D. , Edmonds Rohan , Ives Stephen J. 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Egan-Shuttler, JD, Edmonds, R, and Ives, SJ. The efficacy of heart rate variability in tracking travel and training stress in youth female rowers: A preliminary study. J Strength Cond Res 34(11): 3293–3300, 2020—Heart rate variability (HRV) is a reliable indicator of cardiac parasympathetic activity and has been used in athletic populations to measure training adaptations. To date, there is limited research showing whether HRV is practical in youth female athletes and rowers during short periods of overload training. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the practicality of HRV in documenting training responses during a period of overload training in youth female rowers. Time-domain (SD of N-N intervals, SDNN; root mean square of successive differences, RMSSD) and nonlinear (SD1) indices of HRV were recorded during baseline training, daily during the 6-day training camp, and 1 week after the camp in 5 athletes from an elite, high-school, rowing team. Training duration and rate of perceived exertion were recorded to document training load. Training load during the camp was 76% above the athlete's normal workload (2,258 ± 459 vs. 1,280 ± 356 arbitrary units (a.u.)). Using progressive statistics, cardiac vagal activity (RMSSD and SD1) was very likely reduced during each day of the camp when compared with baseline training, although returned to baseline within a week of the training camp. Interestingly, SDNN was reduced throughout the training camp and remained reduced up to a week after the training camp (78% likely; effect size = −0.32). These insights add value to HRV's use in youth sport and provides coaches with an easy, cost-effective means to monitor the physiological response to training, allowing fine-tuning of training, potentially enhancing performance.
Miniature Centrifuge Modeling for Conventional Consolidation Test
Authors: Balci Mehmet C. , Kayabali Kamil , Asadi Ramin 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Consolidation parameters are usually determined in the laboratory with oedometer tests in earth gravity conditions (1 g). However, performing the test is very time-consuming. Although dynamic approaches in which higher accelerations are applied have been developed as an alternative to the static approaches to reduce the duration of consolidation tests, these methods are expensive and require huge centrifuges. Moreover, the focus for these centrifuges is more on research than on practical applications. This study discusses the applicability of a small-sized centrifuge device in consolidation tests. The particular device developed for this study is a very small centrifuge compared to other examples around the world. The results revealed that employing this device in the tests reduced test duration to a couple of hours. Identical soil samples with a zero disturbance were prepared in the laboratory and used in the experiments. A new parameter, equivalent centrifuge load (Wce), was defined to correlate the results from the proposed approach with the conventional consolidation-test results. An empirical relationship was developed to transform the axial strain (ϵ)–equivalent centrifuge load (Wce) dataset obtained from the centrifuge tests to ϵ–effective stress (σ′) data pairs. The empirical relationship could predict the virgin compression line with a high level of accuracy while it predicts the preconsolidation stress (σ′p) with moderate accuracy. These relationships were applied to natural soil samples, and the findings are very promising.
Elevation of Hippocampal Neurogenesis Induces a Temporally Graded Pattern of Forgetting of Contextual Fear Memories
Authors: Gao Aijing , Xia Frances , Guskjolen Axel J. , Ramsaran Adam I. , Santoro Adam , Josselyn Sheena A. , Frankland Paul W. 
Published: February 2018

Throughout life neurons are continuously generated in the subgranular zone of the hippocampus. The subsequent integration of newly generated neurons alters patterns of dentate gyrus input and output connectivity, potentially rendering memories already stored in those circuits harder to access. Consistent with this prediction, we previously showed that increasing hippocampal neurogenesis after training induces forgetting of hippocampus-dependent memories, including contextual fear memory. However, the brain regions supporting contextual fear memories change with time, and this time-dependent memory reorganization might regulate the sensitivity of contextual fear memories to fluctuations in hippocampal neurogenesis. By virally expressing the inhibitory designer receptor exclusively activated by designer drugs, hM4Di, we first confirmed that chemogenetic inhibition of dorsal hippocampal neurons impairs retrieval of recent (day-old) but not remote (month-old) contextual fear memories in male mice. We then contrasted the effects of increasing hippocampal neurogenesis at recent versus remote time points after contextual fear conditioning in male and female mice. Increasing hippocampal neurogenesis immediately following training reduced conditioned freezing when mice were replaced in the context 1 month later. In contrast, when hippocampal neurogenesis was increased time points remote to training, conditioned freezing levels were unaltered when mice were subsequently tested. These temporally graded forgetting effects were observed using both environmental and genetic interventions to increase hippocampal neurogenesis. Our experiments identify memory age as a boundary condition for neurogenesis-mediated forgetting and suggest that, as contextual fear memories mature, they become less sensitive to changes in hippocampal neurogenesis levels because they no longer depend on the hippocampus for their expression.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTNew neurons are generated in the hippocampus throughout life. As they integrate into the hippocampus, they remodel neural circuitry, potentially making information stored in those circuits harder to access. Consistent with this, increasing hippocampal neurogenesis after learning induces forgetting of the learnt information. The current study in mice asks whether these forgetting effects depend on the age of the memory. We found that post-training increases in hippocampal neurogenesis only impacted recently acquired, and not remotely acquired, hippocampal memories. These experiments identify memory age as a boundary condition for neurogenesis-mediated forgetting, and suggest remote memories are less sensitive to changes in hippocampal neurogenesis levels because they no longer depend critically on the hippocampus for their expression.
Una mirada a la generación de la década de 1970 en Ecuador: Teoría del desencanto de Raúl Pérez Torres
Authors: Zuluaga Leonardo Monroy 
Published: February 2018

Este artículo interpreta la novela Teoría del desencanto del escritor ecuatoriano Raúl Pérez Torres. El propósito de este análisis es conocer, por medio de una lectura hermenéutica de raíz schlegeliana, algunos de los más importantes sentidos sugeridos por la novela, haciendo énfasis en la generación de la década de 1970 en Ecuador. Entre esos sentidos se encuentran: el cuestionamiento a la teoría usando algunas estrategias que confrontan la imparcialidad de la ciencia convencional. La imagen de Quito, una ciudad que ha sufrido cambios profundos y caóticos y se ha convertido en un lugar en el que es imposible hallar abrigo. La decepción frente a las promesas incumplidas del Marxismo y los frágiles proyectos de la contra cultura. En la última parte de este artículo, el análisis propone que Teoría del desencanto resuelve los conflictos de la generación de 1970 criticando y casi destruyendo todos los recuerdos de esa época turbulenta.
Cartografía sociopolítica de Venezuela: las novelas de Miguel Otero Silva
Authors: Suarez Carmen Becerra 
Published: February 2018

El artículo examina la narrativa ficcional del venezolano Otero Silva. En sus novelas, exceptuando las dos últimas, el autor dibuja una especie de mapa sociopolítico de la historia contemporánea de Venezuela, utilizando como material narrativo tanto sucesos que ha vivido como aquellos otros de los que ha sido testigo indirecto. Se trata de una escritura comprometida, de carácter histórico, que traza en cada una de las novelas una etapa del desarrollo nacional y busca constantemente la renovación formal.
Relações alimentares de aves com capivaras (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) em parque urbano no Sudeste do Brasil
Authors: D’Angelo Giulia Bagarolli , Nagai Micael Eiji , Sazima Ivan 
Published: February 2018

Feeding relationships of birds with mammals are diverse and range from using mammals as hunting perches to feeding on their carcasses. We studied the natural history of associations between birds and capybaras (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) at an urban recreational park and focused on three main questions: (1) How many and what are the bird species that associate with capybaras? (2) What resources used by the birds are provided by capybaras? (3) What are the behaviours of birds and capybaras during the different associations? Additionally, we summarised the associations of birds with capybaras recorded to date, which include commensal, mutualistic and semi parasitic relationships. We recorded 10 bird species (mostly non-passerines) associated with capybaras. The birds used the capybaras as: (a) hunting perches; (b) beaters that flushed arthropods and fish; (c) attractors of flies; (d) sources of organic particles, external parasites, blood, diseased tissue, and carcasses. Birds and capybaras interacted mostly when the former picked ticks, or fed on blood and diseased tissue. When the birds picked ticks, the capybaras adopted poses that allowed the birds to reach body parts otherwise inaccessible. However, when the birds pecked at wounds to take blood or diseased tissue, the mammals tried to discourage the birds with avoidance movements of the body or head, and sometimes retreated. When the birds used the capybaras as perches or attractors, the mammals seemed oblivious to the birds’ presence. Twenty-one bird species are presently reported to associate with capybaras. Thus, the numbers we found in the urban and restricted study site are remarkable, and our findings strengthens the importance of so-called green areas to harbour the remaining wildlife in our increasingly anthropised environment.
A new species of Xylocopa (Nanoxylocopa) from Brazil (Hymenoptera, Apidae)
Authors: Melo Gabriel Augusto Rodrigues de 
Published: February 2018

Xylocopa bella sp. nov., the second known species of the subgenus Xylocopa (Nanoxylocopa) Hurd & Moure, is newly described from the Espinhaço mountain range, in the state of Minas Gerais, and the Chapada Diamantina, in the state of Bahia, in eastern Brazil. It differs from X. ciliata Burmeister, the type species of X. (Nanoxylocopa), mainly by the possession, by females, of pale hairs intermixed with the black pubescence on the head and metasoma, the more abundant pubescence on mesoscutum and the much denser tergal pilosity, and the possession, by the male, of weakly infumated wing membrane, entirely dark scape, a patch of finely plumose pubescence on the anterior corners of the mesoscutum, narrower face, and shorter distance between the lateral ocellus and the eye. Additionally, X. ciliata, previously known from Argentina, Uruguay, Paraguay and southern Brazil, is newly recorded from the state of Minas Gerais.
Repercusión socioeconómica y jurídica del teletrabajo en Barranquilla 2014-2015
Authors: Gutierrez Mesino Claudia Patricia , Anaya Capone Rosana 
Published: February 2018

La civilización va transformándose a medida que la tecnología avanza y esta también crece en las diferentes modalidades de producción o trabajo. Así nace el teletrabajo, ayudado también por los avances en las telecomunicaciones. El objetivo principal de este trabajo es determinar la repercusión socioeconómica y jurídica del teletrabajo en Barranquilla durante el período 2014-2015. La metodología es descriptiva y el método cualitativo-cuantitativo, y se inscribe en el paradigma empírico/analítico. La población está conformada por los tele trabajadores y su contratación en los Call Centers y en los Café Internet.Como conclusión se establece que el teletrabajo, es una forma de organización laboral, que consiste en el desempeño de actividades remuneradas o prestación de servicios a terceros utilizando como soporte las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación – TIC, pero que aún presenta varias falencias ya que requiere la implementación y el seguimiento a las estrategias de la modalidad, por parte del Estado las cuales deben garantizar la protección social a los tele trabajadores informales, capacitación a los adultos pre mayores, que apunten hacia lograr mejor inserción laboral de estas personas en el sector de servicios y divulgar los derechos y las condiciones de trabajo dignas en que deben laborar los vinculados a la modalidad del Teletrabajo.
Bicondylar Tibial Plateau Fractures
Authors: Lee Adam K. , Cooper Seth A. , Collinge Cory 
Published: February 2018

* Bicondylar tibial plateau fractures represent a broad category of complex, high-energy injuries associated with a high surgical complication rate.* Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging aid in diagnosis, classification, and surgical planning and should be considered during the initial evaluation or after provisional stabilization is performed as part of staged treatment.* No one classification system has superior descriptive traits or reliability. Simply classifying the fracture as unicondylar (partial articular) or bicondylar (complete articular) is the most reliable approach.* Malalignment, especially in the coronal plane, and instability predict poor outcomes and should direct surgical intervention. Articular displacement is less predictive.* Dual plating is the most stable type of fixation biomechanically but is associated with soft-tissue complications.* Single lateral locked plating is an alternative fixation type for bicondylar fractures without a large posteromedial coronal fracture line.* Hybrid external fixators are another means of fixation that avoid large exposures and associated soft-tissue disruption.* No one fixation strategy is superior in all cases. Patient and injury characteristics should be evaluated on a case-by-case basis to optimally direct the treatment of these complex injuries.
Graphene oxide/Al2O3 membrane with efficient salt rejection for water purification
Authors: Hu Xuebing , Yu Yun , Lin Na , Ren Shuang , Zhang Xiaozhen , Wang Yongqing , Zhou Jianer 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
To obtain efficient salt rejection in saline solution treatment, an asymmetric graphene oxide/Al2O3 membrane was prepared by a spin-coating process. According to microstructure measurement, the membrane has a multilayer structure and graphene oxide has been tightly coated on the surface of the Al2O3 membrane interlayer homogeneously. During the treatment of different aqueous salt solutions, the permeation flux and salt rejection of the membrane were investigated. The results show the permeation flux of the membrane is about 1.254 L·m−2·h−1·bar−1 and the salt rejection of the membrane reaches 28.66%, 39.24% and 43.52% for 0.01 mol·L−1 NaCl, Cu(NO3)2 and MgSO4, respectively. The mechanism of the salt rejection of the membrane has been explained in this work. All these results indicate the GO/Al2O3 membrane shows great potential in the desalination field.
Performance of a pervaporation system for the separation of an ethanol-water mixture using fractional condensation
Authors: Liu Jie , Li Jiding , Chen Quan , Li Xiaoduan 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)/polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) composite membranes were fabricated and subsequently applied in ethanol recovery from an ethanol-water mixture by pervaporation (PV) using fractional condensation. The effects of feed temperature and feed flow velocity on the pervaporative properties of PDMS/PVDF composite membranes were investigated. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results showed that PDMS was coated uniformly on the surface of porous PVDF substrate, and the PDMS separation layer was dense with a thickness of 1.7 µm. Additionally, it was found that with increasing feed temperature, the total flux of the composite membrane increased, whereas the separation factor decreased. As the feed flow velocity increased, the total flux and separation factor increased. Besides, the permeate vapor was condensed by a two-stage fractional condenser maintained at different temperatures. The effects of the condensation conditions on fractions of ethanol-water vapor were studied to concentrate ethanol in product. The fractional condensers proved to be an effective way to enhance the separation efficiency. Under the optimum fractional condensation conditions, the second condenser showed a flux of 1,329 g/m2 h and the separation factor was increased to 17.2. Furthermore, the long-term operation stability was verified, indicating that the PV system incorporating fractional condensation was a promising approach to separate ethanol from the ethanol-water mixture.
Representações discursivas e visões de natureza
Authors: Silva Rosemeri Melo e 
Published: February 2018

O argumento fundamental desse trabalho reside na importancia assumida pelo desvendamento das visoes de natureza presentes nos discursos ambientalistas circulantes no Brasil, buscando traçar as distincões entre tais vi­sões e os modelos de apropriacão das mesmas no seio do movimen­to ambientalista no Brasil, na perspectiva do aprofundamento sustentabilida. Assim, pretende-se evidenciar o caráter, por vezes antagônico, adotado por segmentos do movi­mento ambientalista no emprego dessas representacões discursivas bem como algumas repercussões dessas posturas no tocante à redefinição das contribuições e do alcance efetivo da sustentabilidade no âmbito constitutivo da Teo­ria e Meio Ambiente em nosso pais.
A cidade e seus modos de vida: reflexões acerca da (sobre)vivência da individualidade e da sociabilidade no contexto citadino
Authors: Passos Gleise da Rocha 
Published: February 2018

Este artigo trata-se de uma reflexão acerca da vivência (ou sobrevivência) da individualidade no locus heterogêneo que é a cidade global. Ressaltando questões como vida pública e vida privada, indi­vidualidade e sociabilidade, e algu­mas consequências da globalizacção e suas interferências no contexto citadino, tenta-se compreender como as interações sociais têm se configurado atualmente nesse ambiente onde a subjetividade e o reconhecimento como ser social podem estar comprometidos. Visa-­se ainda destacar algumas formas de manifestação da individualida de frente a diferenciação marcante da cidade moderna
O século XIX e a modernidade: possíveis implicações na paisagem urbana
Authors: Souza Fábio Silva 
Published: February 2018

Este artigo analisa como a mudanca paradigmatica ocorrida ao longo do século XIX parece ter afetado a paisagem edificada e os padrões de assentamento das cida­des brasileiras. Nesse período pai­rava o discurso rumo a modernidade. Esta nova mentali­dade, laica, que veio romper a re­lação Estado-Igreja, parece ter sido responsável pelo desmantelamento da estrutura colonial, originando uma nova configuração espacial, com cidades litorâneas, voltadas para Europa, edificadas sobre o forte pretexto de abertura dos por­tos.
TRABALHO, AMOR E O ENVOLVIMENTO DOS AFRO-AMERICANOS NA FAMÍLIA
Authors: Penha-Lopes Vânia 
Published: February 2018

Existe uma considerável variação no envolvimento dos homens afro- americanos na vida familiar. Quarenta e cinco pais de menores foram entre- vistados em relação às suas histórias de vida e participação na divisão do serviço caseiro. Este artigo examina o impacto das experiências dos traba- lhos e das vidas amorosas dos homens no seu envolvimento familiar. O envolvimento paterno é ao mesmo tempo uma função das restrições estrutu- rais e das interpretações e ações dos homens sobre elas. Como os homens constroem suas experiências no mercado de trabalho e como eles se sentem quanto à ética do trabalho são de importância fundamental. Além disso, as mulheres afetam o comportamento dos homens ao mediar as relações dos homens com seus filhos, ou como parceiras atuais ou como ex-parceiras. Entre os homens que vivem com mulheres, sua participação no serviço caseiro está também ligada ao status empregatício de suas parceiras.