bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ambulatory detection of sleep apnea using a non‐contact biomotion sensor
Authors: Crinion Sophie J. , Tiron Roxana , Lyon Graeme , Zaffaroni Alberto , Kilroy Hannah , Doheny Emer , O'Hare Emer , Boyle Patricia , Russell Audrey , Traynor Mark , Kent Brian D. , Ryan Silke , McNicholas Walter T. 
Published: July 2019

SummaryThe high prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea has led to increasing interest in ambulatory diagnosis. The SleepMinder™ (SM) is a novel non‐contact device that employs radiofrequency wave technology to assess the breathing pattern, and thereby estimate obstructive sleep apnea severity. We assessed the performance of SleepMinder™ in the home diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea.One‐hundred and twenty‐two subjects were prospectively recruited in two protocols, one from an unselected sleep clinic cohort (n = 67, mean age 51 years) and a second from a hypertension clinic cohort (n = 55, mean age 58 years). All underwent 7 consecutive nights of home monitoring (SMHOME) with the SleepMinder™ as well as inpatient‐attended polysomnography in the sleep clinic cohort or cardiorespiratory polygraphy in the hypertension clinic cohort with simultaneous SleepMinder™ recordings (SMLAB).In the sleep clinic cohort, median SMHOME apnea–hypopnea index correlated significantly with polysomnography apnea–hypopnea index (r = .68; p < .001), and in the hypertension clinic cohort with polygraphy apnea–hypopnea index (r = .7; p < .001). The median SMHOME performance against polysomnography in the sleep clinic cohort showed a sensitivity and specificity of 72% and 94% for apnea–hypopnea index ≥ 15. Device performance was inferior in females. In the hypertension clinic cohort, SMHOME showed a 50% sensitivity and 72% specificity for apnea–hypopnea index ≥ 15. SleepMinder™ classified 92% of cases correctly or within one severity class of the polygraphy classification. Night‐to‐night variability in home testing was relatively high, especially at lower apnea–hypopnea index levels.We conclude that the SleepMinder™ device provides a useful ambulatory screening tool, especially in a population suspected of obstructive sleep apnea, and is most accurate in moderate–severe obstructive sleep apnea.
The influence of room spaciousness on investigative interviews
Authors: Hoogesteyn Katherine , Meijer Ewout , Vrij Aldert 
Published: July 2019

PurposeThe quality of information obtained from investigative interviews largely relies on the quality of communication between the interviewee and interviewer. One aspect of the communication process that has yet to be well examined is the environment in which the interviews take place. The present study examined the influence of physical spaciousness, manipulated as room size and interpersonal sitting distance between interviewer and interviewee on the disclosure of crime‐related information, as well as perceptions of rapport and overall interview experience.MethodsParticipants engaged in a virtual reality scenario depicting a crime and were interviewed as suspects in either a larger or smaller room, at a closer or larger distance.ResultsResults showed no links between room size and sitting distance on disclosure rates. However, an exploratory analysis did reveal that participants interviewed in the larger room reported more positive interview experience in terms of spaciousness, and consequently higher perceptions of rapport, compared to those interviewed in the small room.ConclusionsWe found evidence against an influence of room size and interpersonal distance on disclosure. Still, our study does provide initial evidence that manipulating room size in an interview context could positively impact rapport‐building.
Reading Comprehension and Predictability Effects on Sentence Processing: An Event‐Related Potential Study
Authors: Tabullo Ángel Javier , Shalom Diego , Sevilla Yamila , Gattei Carolina Andrea , París Luis , Wainselboim Alejandro 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTElectrophysiology studies have identified two event‐related potentials that are modulated by predictive processes during language comprehension: the N400 and a frontal positivity. The N400 is smaller when words are presented within highly restrictive sentences, indicating reduced lexical retrieval costs. Violations of strong predictions generate larger frontal positivities, possibly reflecting inhibitory processes. More skilled comprehenders may exhibit enhanced predictive processing, but this possibility has seldom been investigated with event‐related potentials (ERPs). We analyzed the association between predictability ERP modulations and reading comprehension abilities. Twenty‐four undergraduate students were exposed to strongly and weakly constraining sentences, ending with an expected or unexpected final word. Their comprehension skills were assessed with a cloze task. Better comprehenders showed smaller N400s for expected words, and larger posterior positivities for unexpected endings, in strongly constraining contexts. These effects correlated with reading comprehension scores. The results suggest that better comprehenders take more advantage of predictions to reduce retrieval costs, and allocate more resources to postlexical integration processes.
The experiences and impact of being deemed ineligible for living kidney donation: Semi‐structured interview study
Authors: Ralph Angelique F , Chadban Steve J , Butow Phyllis , Craig Jonathan C , Kanellis John , Wong Germaine , Logeman Charlotte , Tong Allison 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTAimWe aimed to describe the impact and experience of being deemed ineligible as a living kidney donor.MethodsSemi‐structured interviews were conducted with 27 ineligible donor candidates. Transcripts were analysed thematically.ResultsSeven themes were identified: deriving health and relationship benefits in the process (strengthening emotional connection, identifying problematic health conditions); devastating loss and disappointment (harbouring guilt over personal failings, shattering confidence and hope, undermining relationships with extended family and friends, disrupting home dynamics); constrained within a rigid system (denied autonomy, resorting to other avenues); acknowledging as matter of fact (accepting the clinical decision, reassured by preventing a poor outcome); reluctant to relinquish the donor identity (unable to fulfil family duty, having the donor role stolen, holding onto other opportunities to donate); uncertainty in unpredictability, inconsistency and ambiguities (frustrated by inefficiencies, questioning clinician motivation, suspended donor status, unfairness in changeable eligibility criteria, unresolved concerns and questions of own health); and abandoned in despair (lacking practical support to meet eligibility criteria, ill prepared for rejection, dismissed and discarded by the system).ConclusionBeing deemed unsuitable for donation took an emotional toll on ineligible donor candidates who felt immense guilt for ‘failing’ the potential recipient. Ineligible donor candidates were frustrated and angry with the perceived lack of support from clinicians and rigidity of the evaluation process. Informing potential donors of available services, including psychological support, communicating the decision sensitively and with sufficient time, and full disclosure of their health status, may contribute to improved adjustment following the ineligibility decision.
Comparative genomics reveals unique wood‐decay strategies and fruiting body development in the Schizophyllaceae
Authors: Almási Éva , Sahu Neha , Krizsán Krisztina , Bálint Balázs , Kovács Gábor M. , Kiss Brigitta , Cseklye Judit , Drula Elodie , Henrissat Bernard , Nagy István , Chovatia Mansi , Adam Catherine , LaButti Kurt , Lipzen Anna , Riley Robert , Grigoriev Igor V. , Nagy László G. 
Published: July 2019

Summary

Agaricomycetes are fruiting body‐forming fungi that produce some of the most efficient enzyme systems to degrade wood. Despite decades‐long interest in their biology, the evolution and functional diversity of both wood‐decay and fruiting body formation are incompletely known.

We performed comparative genomic and transcriptomic analyses of wood‐decay and fruiting body development in Auriculariopsis ampla and Schizophyllum commune (Schizophyllaceae), species with secondarily simplified morphologies, an enigmatic wood‐decay strategy and weak pathogenicity to woody plants.

The plant cell wall‐degrading enzyme repertoires of Schizophyllaceae are transitional between those of white rot species and less efficient wood‐degraders such as brown rot or mycorrhizal fungi. Rich repertoires of suberinase and tannase genes were found in both species, with tannases restricted to Agaricomycetes that preferentially colonize bark‐covered wood, suggesting potential complementation of their weaker wood‐decaying abilities and adaptations to wood colonization through the bark. Fruiting body transcriptomes revealed a high rate of divergence in developmental gene expression, but also several genes with conserved expression patterns, including novel transcription factors and small‐secreted proteins, some of the latter which might represent fruiting body effectors.

Taken together, our analyses highlighted novel aspects of wood‐decay and fruiting body development in an important family of mushroom‐forming fungi.
KNAT2/6b, a class I KNOX gene, impedes xylem differentiation by regulating NAC domain transcription factors in poplar
Authors: Zhao Yanqiu , Song Xueqin , Zhou Houjun , Wei Kaili , Jiang Cheng , Wang Jinnan , Cao Yuan , Tang Fang , Zhao Shutang , Lu Meng‐Zhu 
Published: July 2019

Summary

Wood formation is the terminal differentiation of xylem mother cells derived from cambial initials, and negative regulators play important roles in xylem differentiation.

The molecular mechanism of the negative regulator of xylem differentiation PagKNAT2/6b was investigated. PagKNAT2/6b is an ortholog of Arabidopsis KNAT2 and KNAT6 that is highly expressed in phloem and xylem. Compared to nontransgenic control plants, transgenic poplar plants overexpressing PagKNAT2/6b present with altered vascular patterns, characterized by decreased secondary xylem with thin cell walls containing less cellulose, xylose and lignin.

RNA sequencing analyses revealed that differentially expressed genes are enriched in xylem differentiation and secondary wall synthesis functions. Expression of NAM/ATAF/CUC (NAC) domain genes including PagSND1‐A1, PagSND1‐A2, PagSND1‐B2 and PagVND6‐C1 is downregulated by PagKNAT2/6b, while PagXND1a is directly upregulated. Accordingly, the dominant repression form of PagKNAT2/6b leads to increased xylem width per stem diameter through downregulation of PagXND1a.

PagKNAT2/6b can inhibit cell differentiation and secondary wall deposition during wood formation in poplar by modulating the expression of NAC domain transcription factors. Direct activation of PagXND1a by PagKNAT2/6b is a key node in the negative regulatory network of xylem differentiation by KNOXs.
Pyramiding three rust‐resistance genes confers a high level of resistance in soybean (Glycine max)
Authors: Yamanaka Naoki , Hossain Md. M. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractPyramiding Asian soybean rust (ASR) resistance (Rpp) genes in a single genotype has been shown to increase ASR resistance in soybean. However, it remains unclear which combinations of Rpp genes are superior. Therefore, here, we developed six new Rpp‐pyramided lines carrying different combinations of Rpp genes and evaluated their resistance against 13 Bangladeshi rust (Phakopsora pachyrhizi) isolates (BdRPs) alongside seven previously developed Rpp‐pyramided lines. We found that lines carrying one, two and three Rpp genes had high ASR resistance without sporulation in 13.8%, 35.2% and 73.1% of the assays, respectively. Among the new lines that were developed, those with Rpp3 + Rpp4 and Rpp3 + Rpp4 + Rpp5 had high levels of ASR resistance, while the line containing Rpp2 + Rpp4 + Rpp5 showed immunity phenotype at two weeks after inoculation by the BdRP‐22 infection. Thus, pyramiding larger numbers of Rpp genes confers soybean with a higher level of resistance to ASR pathogens and can produce an immunity phenotype at two weeks after inoculation.
Multicenter randomized controlled trial of bifrontal, bitemporal, and right unilateral electroconvulsive therapy in major depressive disorder
Authors: Su Liang , Jia Yuping , Liang Shiqiao , Shi Shenxun , Mellor David , Xu Yifeng 
Published: July 2019

AimElectroconvulsive therapy (ECT) has been shown to be the most effective and rapid treatment for severe depression. Electrode placement is one of the most important factors that affect ECT's efficacy and side‐effects profile. Bifrontal, bitemporal, and unilateral are the three most used electrode placements. Very few studies have directly compared the efficacy and cognitive side‐effects of the three placements. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy and cognitive side‐effects associated with bifrontal, bitemporal, and unilateral electrode placements.MethodsThis multicenter randomized, blinded, controlled trial included 40 patients in each of the three groups. Most of the patients (94.8%) completed six ECT treatments. We used mixed‐model analyses to compare differences in 17‐item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD‐17) and Clinical Global Impression (CGI) scores among the three groups and the five times series (baseline, Week 1, Week 2, Week 3, and Week 4). The cognitive outcome was Mini‐Mental State Examination (MMSE) score.ResultsHAMD‐17 and CGI scores did not differ significantly across the groups (HAMD‐17 scores: z = −1.13, P = 0.259; CGI scores: z = −0.35, P = 0.729). MMSE scores at pre‐ and post‐ECT were similar across the three groups (F = 2.06, P = 0.133). However, subgroup analysis using paired t‐tests showed that MMSE scores improved in the right unilateral and bifrontal groups (t = 2.745, P = 0.0098; t = 2.464, P = 0.0204), but did not change in the bitemporal group (t = 1.188, P = 0.2461).ConclusionThe efficacy of right unilateral and bifrontal ECT placement was similar to that of bitemporal ECT. The physical side‐effects were also similar across the three groups. Right unilateral and bifrontal ECT placement were associated with improved cognitive outcomes, but bitemporal ECT placement was not.
The chik sign in dengue
Authors: Bhatia Shibani S. , Shenoi Shrutakirthi D. , Hebbar Shrikiran A. , Kayarkatte Manasa N. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe "chik sign" is considered to be one of the most common cutaneous features of chikungunya fever and has been considered unique to this disorder. It consists of brownish hyperpigmentation involving the nose. We report a case of a 3‐year‐old boy with dengue infection who presented with macular hyperpigmentation of nose simulating the chik sign. Hyperpigmentation is an unusual cutaneous manifestation in cases of dengue.
A case of verrucous perforating collagenoma in a toddler
Authors: Aizman Leora , Gelman Ari , Marathe Kalyani 
Published: July 2019

AbstractVerrucous perforating collagenoma is an extremely rare variant of acquired perforating dermatosis that has been seldom described in literature. We present the case of an 18‐month‐old boy who presented with an erythematous plaque with a central keratotic plug on the leg. Histopathology revealed transepidermal elimination of collagen, consistent with a diagnosis of verrucous perforating collagenoma.
Dermatologic care of sexual and gender minority/LGBTQIA youth, Part I: An update for the dermatologist on providing inclusive care
Authors: Boos Markus D. , Yeung Howa , Inwards‐Breland David 
Published: July 2019

AbstractSexual and gender minority (SGM) persons, including lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender/gender diverse, questioning/queer, intersex, and asexual (LGBTQIA) individuals, represent a historically underserved population within the field of medicine, though their unique health needs are increasingly recognized. Unfortunately, our understanding of these needs as they relate to dermatology is still nascent, particularly with respect to children and adolescents. This two‐part review will discuss the dermatologic care of SGM youth, with Part 1 providing practical advice for dermatologists seeking to provide more culturally mindful and accessible care for SGM children and adolescents. A more comprehensive understanding of the psychosocial and physical needs of SGM youth will allow dermatologists to more actively and compassionately care for this health disparity population.
Dermatologic care of sexual and gender minority/LGBTQIA youth, Part 2: Recognition and management of the unique dermatologic needs of SGM adolescents
Authors: Kosche Cory , Mansh Matthew , Luskus Mark , Nguyen Andy , Martinez‐Diaz Gabriel , Inwards‐Breland David , Yeung Howa , Boos Markus D. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractSexual and gender minority (SGM) individuals, including lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender/gender diverse, questioning/queer, intersex, and asexual (LGBTQIA) persons, represent a historically underserved population within the field of medicine, though their unique health needs are increasingly recognized. Part 2 of this two‐part review will address unique concerns regarding acne, tanning behavior, sexually transmitted infections, and other health disparities among SGM adolescents. A more comprehensive understanding of the dermatologic needs of SGM youth will better allow pediatric dermatologists to actively and compassionately care for this health disparity population.
Cardiac transplantation in children with Noonan syndrome
Authors: McCallen Leslie M. , Ameduri Rebecca K. , Denfield Susan W. , Dodd Debra A. , Everitt Melanie D. , Johnson Jonathan N. , Lee Teresa M. , Lin Angela E. , Lohr Jamie L. , May Lindsay J. , Pierpont Mary Ella , Stevenson David A. , Chatfield Kathryn C. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractNS and related RAS/MAPK pathway (RASopathy) disorders are the leading genetic cause of HCM presenting in infancy. HCM is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in children with Noonan spectrum disorders, especially in the first year of life. Previously, there have been only isolated reports of heart transplantation as a treatment for heart failure in NS. We report on 18 patients with NS disorders who underwent heart transplantation at seven US pediatric heart transplant centers. All patients carried a NS diagnosis: 15 were diagnosed with NS and three with NSML. Sixteen of eighteen patients had comprehensive molecular genetic testing for RAS pathway mutations, with 15 having confirmed pathogenic mutations in PTPN11, RAF1, and RIT1 genes. Medical aspects of transplantation are reported as well as NS‐specific medical issues. Twelve of eighteen patients described in this series were surviving at the time of data collection. Three patients died following transplantation prior to discharge from the hospital, and another three died post‐discharge. Heart transplantation in NS may be a more frequent occurrence than is evident from the literature or registry data. A mortality rate of 33% is consistent with previous reports of patients with HCM transplanted in infancy and early childhood. Specific considerations may be important in evaluation of this population for heart transplant, including a potentially increased risk for malignancies as well as lymphatic, bleeding, and coagulopathy complications.
Testing Predictors of Mutual Efficacy
Authors: Gearhart Michael C. 
Published: July 2019

ObjectivesCollective efficacy has developed concurrently in both sociology and psychology. In sociology, collective efficacy is the process by which social cohesion is activated as informal social control. In psychology, collective efficacy is a construct that focuses on a group's belief in its ability to achieve shared goals. Mutual efficacy reflects group members' beliefs that collective action can be successful at achieving group goals. Mutual efficacy was developed as a bridge between the sociological and psychological conceptualizations of collective efficacy. Prior research supports mutual efficacy as a mediator of the relationship between social cohesion and informal social control. However, little is known about the individual and neighborhood‐level characteristics that predict mutual efficacy.MethodsThis study tests predictors of mutual efficacy using regression while accounting for clustering at the neighborhood level through the use of Huber–White sandwich estimators.ResultsFindings show that multiple factors influence mutual efficacy including social cohesion, resident mobility, income, and education.ConclusionFindings highlight the importance of building mutual efficacy through facilitating interactions among neighbors, increasing access to education, and fostering economic stability.
Media Consumption and Fear of Crime in a Large Chinese City
Authors: Wu Yuning , Li Feng , Triplett Ruth A. , Sun Ivan Y. 
Published: July 2019

ObjectiveWhile empirical research on Chinese people's perceptions of crime has developed encouragingly during the past decade, an important issue regarding correlates of such fear – the media effect, frequently found by the Western literature as a critical source of fear – has largely eluded scholarly attention. This study investigates the effects of consumption of different media types on Chinese fear of crime, while taking a wide range of other theoretically relevant and empirically validated factors into consideration.MethodsRelying on data collected from a sample of residents in a large Chinese city, this study uses ordinary least squares regression to investigate the correlates of fear of crime.ResultsConsumption of newspapers and radio reports of news is associated with lower levels of fear, and consumption of political and social news from television and the Internet is connected to higher levels of fear of crime. The vulnerability model, crime and justice model, and community model have also received some support in these data.ConclusionThis study provides robust support for the importance of the media in shaping public fear of crime, and indicates that the cultural context in which the media reports on crime is critical to understanding its role and impact.