bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pharmacological inhibition of the F1‐ATPase/P2Y1 pathway suppresses the effect of apolipoprotein A1 on endothelial nitric oxide synthesis and vasorelaxation
Authors: Cabou Cendrine , Honorato Paula , Briceño Luis , Ghezali Lamia , Duparc Thibaut , León Marcelo , Combes Guillaume , Frayssinhes Laure , Fournel Audren , Abot Anne , Masri Bernard , Parada Nicol , Aguilera Valeria , Aguayo Claudio , Knauf Claude , González Marcelo , Radojkovic Claudia , Martinez Laurent O. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractAimThe contribution of apolipoprotein A1 (APOA1), the major apolipoprotein of high‐density lipoprotein (HDL), to endothelium‐dependent vasodilatation is unclear, and there is little information regarding endothelial receptors involved in this effect. Ecto‐F1‐ATPase is a receptor for APOA1, and its activity in endothelial cells is coupled to adenosine diphosphate (ADP)‐sensitive P2Y receptors (P2Y ADP receptors). Ecto‐F1‐ATPase is involved in APOA1–mediated cell proliferation and HDL transcytosis. Here, we investigated the effect of lipid‐free APOA1 and the involvement of ecto‐F1‐ATPase and P2Y ADP receptors on nitric oxide (NO) synthesis and the regulation of vascular tone.MethodNitric oxide synthesis was assessed in human endothelial cells from umbilical veins (HUVECs) and isolated mouse aortas. Changes in vascular tone were evaluated by isometric force measurements in isolated human umbilical and placental veins and by assessing femoral artery blood flow in conscious mice.ResultsPhysiological concentrations of lipid‐free APOA1 enhanced endothelial NO synthesis, which was abolished by inhibitors of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and of the ecto‐F1‐ATPase/P2Y1 axis. Accordingly, APOA1 inhibited vasoconstriction induced by thromboxane A2 receptor agonist and increased femoral artery blood flow in mice. These effects were blunted by inhibitors of eNOS, ecto‐F1‐ATPase and P2Y1 receptor.ConclusionsUsing a pharmacological approach, we thus found that APOA1 promotes endothelial NO production and thereby controls vascular tone in a process that requires activation of the ecto‐F1‐ATPase/P2Y1 pathway by APOA1. Pharmacological targeting of this pathway with respect to vascular diseases should be explored.
Marriage Equality: On the Books and on the Ground? An Experimental Audit Study of Beliefs and Behavior towards Same‐Sex and Interracial Couples in the Wedding Industry
Authors: Kroeper Kathryn M. , Muenks Katherine , Murphy Mary C. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractIn the United States, same‐sex and interracial couples benefit from federal court decisions recognizing and protecting their marital unions. Despite these legal protections, prejudiced beliefs and subtly‐biased behavior toward these groups may still be socially normative. The present studies surveyed Americans’ beliefs about the acceptability of prejudice toward same‐sex, interracial, and white heterosexual couples and then examined actual behavior among wedding venue professionals towards them. In Study 1, Americans felt it more socially normative to express prejudice toward same‐sex couples than toward interracial couples and heterosexual couples; they also forecasted that same‐sex couples would experience more discrimination by wedding industry professionals than interracial couples. Study 2 used experimental audit methods to examine whether the actual behavior of wedding venue professionals aligned with Americans’ social norm beliefs. Results revealed that same‐sex couples and, to a lesser extent, interracial couples experienced more discrimination by wedding industry professionals than did white heterosexual couples.
Threshold Selection for Covariance Estimation
Authors: Qiu Yumou , Liyanage Janaka S. S. 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Thresholding is a regularization method commonly used for covariance estimation, which provides consistent estimators if the population covariance satisfies certain sparsity condition (Bickel and Levina, 2008a; Cai and Liu, 2011). However, the performance of the thresholding estimators heavily depends on the threshold level. By minimizing the Frobenius risk of the adaptive thresholding estimator for covariances, we conduct a theoretical study for the optimal threshold level, and obtain its analytical expression. A consistent estimator based on this expression is proposed for the optimal threshold level, which is easy to implement in practice and efficient in computation. Numerical simulations and a case study on gene expression data are conducted to illustrate the proposed method.
Long‐term overall‐ and progression‐free survival after pentostatin, cyclophosphamide and rituximab therapy for indolent non‐Hodgkin lymphoma
Authors: Khashab Tamer , Hagemeister Fredrick , Romaguera Jorge E. , Fanale Michelle A. , Pro Barbara , McLaughlin Peter , Rodriguez M. Alma , Neelapu Sattva S. , Fayad Luis , Younes Anas , Feng Lei , Vega Francisco , Kwak Larry W. , Samaniego Felipe 
Published: March 2019

SummaryIn a prospective phase II trial, pentostatin combined with cyclophosphamide and rituximab (PCR) induced strong responses and was well‐tolerated in previously untreated patients with advanced‐stage, indolent non‐Hodgkin lymphoma (iNHL). After a median patient follow‐up of more than 108 months, we performed an intent‐to‐treat analysis of our 83 participants. Progression‐free survival (PFS) rates at 108 months for follicular lymphoma (FL), marginal zone lymphoma (MZL) and small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL) were 71%, 67% and 15%, respectively, and were affected by clinicopathological characteristics. Ten‐year PFS rates for those with beta‐2‐microglobulin levels <2·2 and ≥2·2 mg/l prior to treatment were 71% and 21%, respectively. Patients without bone marrow involvement had 10‐year PFS rates of 72% vs. 29% for those with involvement. At time of analysis, the median overall survival (OS) had not been reached. The OS rate was 64% at 10 years and differed significantly based on histology: 94% for FL, 66% for MZL and 39% for SLL. Long‐term toxicities included 18 (21·7%) patients with second malignancies and 2 (2·4%) who developed myelodysplastic syndrome after receiving additional lines of chemotherapy. Our 10‐year follow‐up analysis confirms that PCR is an effective, robust and tolerable treatment regimen for patients with iNHL.
Family functioning moderates the impact of depression treatment on adolescents’ suicidal ideations
Authors: Dardas Latefa Ali 
Published: March 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to explore whether adolescent‐perceived family functioning moderates the depression treatment effects on suicidal ideations.MethodsThis is a nonpreregistered exploratory secondary analysis of the TADS RCT, which included four treatment groups: fluoxetine, CBT, their combination, and placebo. A random coefficients regression model with posteriori CONTRAST statements was conducted to examine the effects of depression treatment on adolescents’ suicidal ideations over time (N = 439). Baron and Kenny's (1986) and Kraemer et al.'s (2002) approach was followed to explore family functioning as a potential moderator of the treatment effects on suicidal ideations over time.ResultsAdolescents in the four treatment groups did not differ significantly in their suicidal ideations at initial status; however, those in the combination group had faster reduction in suicidality. Family functioning moderated the relationship between depression treatment and adolescents’ suicidal ideations. In particular, the results revealed that for adolescents who reported positive family functioning (n = 249), treatment had a significant impact on their suicidal ideations over time. However, for adolescents who reported negative family functioning (n = 190), type of treatment did not have a differential effect on improvement in severity of suicidal ideation over time.ConclusionFindings provided evidence that the process by which depression treatment impacts adolescents’ suicidality is contingent upon their family environment. Family‐centered approaches to adolescent depression treatment are recommended.
A novel clinical nomogram to predict bilateral hyperaldosteronism in Chinese patients with primary aldosteronism
Authors: Xiao Libin , Jiang Yiran , Zhang Cui , Jiang Lei , Zhou Weiwei , Su Tingwei , Ning Guang , Wang Weiqing 
Published: March 2019

SummaryContextAdrenal venous sampling (AVS) is recommended as the gold standard for subtype classification in primary aldosteronism (PA); however, this approach has limited availability.ObjectiveWe aimed to develop a novel clinical nomogram to predict PA subtype based on routine variables, thereby reducing the number of candidates for AVS.Patients and methodPatients were randomly divided into a training set (n = 185) and a validation set (n = 79). Risk factors for idiopathic hyperaldosteronism (IHA) differentiating from aldosterone‐producing adenoma (APA) were identified using logistic regression analysis. A nomogram was constructed to predict the probability of IHA. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and a calibration plot were applied to assess the predictive value. Then, 115 patients were prospectively enrolled, and a nomogram was used to predict the subtypes before AVS.ResultsBody mass index (BMI), serum potassium and computed tomography (CT) finding were adopted in the nomogram. The nomogram presented an area under the ROC (AUC) of 0.924 (95% CI: 0.875‐0.957), sensitivity of 86.59% and specificity of 87.38% in the training set and an AUC of 0.894 (95% CI: 0.804‐0.952), sensitivity of 82.86% and specificity of 84.09% in the validation set. Predicted probability and actual probability matched well in the nomogram (Hosmer‐Lemeshow test: P > 0.05). Using the nomogram as a surrogate to predict IHA in the prospective set before AVS, the specificity reached 100% when we increased the threshold to a probability of 90%.ConclusionWe have developed a tool that is able to predict IHA in patients with PA and potentially avoid AVS.
Is there a role for B cells in chronic lymphocytic inflammation with pontine perivascular enhancement responsive to steroids? A case report
Authors: Mehta Dev , Yacoub Hussam , El‐Hunjul Mohammed , Khaitov Dmitry 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBackgroundChronic lymphocytic inflammation with pontine perivascular enhancement responsive to steroids (CLIPPERS) is a recently defined inflammatory disorder of the central nervous system, prominently involving the brainstem. This condition is diagnosed based on clinical presentation, imaging findings and robust response to steroids, along with histopathology.Case presentationHere, we describe a case of a 47‐year‐old woman who presented with gait ataxia, bilateral leg weakness and urinary retention. Initial imaging studies were unremarkable, but on follow up she was found to have multiple enhancing lesions in the left cerebellar peduncle associated with a clinical relapse. Several weeks later, and after being treated with ocrelizumab, a B‐cell targeted therapy, she developed new neurological symptoms and was found to have new lesions on brain imaging. She was diagnosed with probable CLIPPERS. She was started on azathioprine and remained asymptomatic with normal brain imaging for several months.ConclusionsDespite adequate depletion of circulating B cells, the patient continued to have relapses associated with CLIPPERS. This supports the notion that targeted peripheral B‐cell therapy does not stop the progression of CLIPPERS.
Grappling with the Impermanence of Place: A Black Baptist Congregation in South Los Angeles
Authors: Azzara Monique 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBased on over two years of fieldwork with Faith Family Missionary Baptist Church, I illustrate how this congregation grounds their sense of place when place itself is impermanent. In the midst of poverty, unemployment, and violence, the community views their Christian calling in their mission to reshape the younger, disenfranchised generation into godly individuals. Congregants build fellowship by pooling their resources in an attempt to follow the call of God to do good, and to recruit and save the disenfranchised. I argue that this congregation’s sense of place is shaped by and grounded in this fellowship, i.e., the concrete relationships they form through such practices. Despite having few resources to generate a large impact in the broader city, the congregation acts as a system of support crucial to individuals in these neighborhoods. While the congregation’s location in the city is invisible to many outsiders due to their mobility, further attention should be paid to such alternate forms of civic participation and practice. [Urban Christianity; Black Los Angeles; Place; Fellowship]
VKORC1 and Novel CYP2C9 Variation Predict Warfarin Response in Alaska Native and American Indian People
Authors: Henderson Lindsay M. , Robinson Renee F. , Ray Lily , Khan Burhan A. , Li Tianran , Dillard Denise A. , Schilling Brian D. , Mosley Mike , Janssen Patricia L. , Fohner Alison E. , Rettie Allan E. , Thummel Kenneth E. , Thornton Timothy A. , Veenstra David L. 
Published: March 2019

Alaska Native and American Indian (AN/AI) people have unique pharmacogene variation that may affect warfarin disposition and therapeutic response. We performed targeted genotyping for cytochrome P450 (CYP)2C9, vitamin K epoxide oxidase reductase complex subunit 1 (VKORC1), CYP4F2, CYP4F11, and gamma‐glutamyl carboxylase (GGCX) variants in AN/AI people receiving warfarin. The primary outcome was stable warfarin dose, defined as one dose, and associated international normalized ratio within the target range, at least 6 months after starting therapy, with two matching doses at least 2 weeks apart. Genotype–phenotype relationships were assessed by multivariate regression analysis, adjusted for self‐reported heritage, age, gender, and concurrent statin use. VKORC1 genotype explained 34% of dose variability, with VKORC1 −1639G>A and 1173C>T associated with a 1.7 mg/day (P = 1.4e‐05) dose reduction. Additionally, CYP2C9 N218I was suggestively significant (P = 0.077), with heterozygotes requiring 1.1 mg/day less than reference individuals. Self‐reported heritage was significantly associated with dose, largely driven by differences in the diagnostic VKORC1 allele frequencies among AN/AI people.
Varying degree of physiological integration among host instars and their endoparasitoid affects stress‐induced mortality
Authors: Gols Rieta , Ros Vera I.D. , Ode Paul J. , Vyas Dhaval , Harvey Jeffrey A. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractIn natural populations of insect herbivores, genetic differentiation is likely to occur due to variation in host plant utilization and selection by the local community of organisms with which they interact. In parasitoids, engaging in intimate associations with their host during immature development, local variation may exist in host quality for parasitoid development. We compared the development of a gregarious endoparasitoid, Cotesia glomerata L. (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), collected in The Netherlands, in three strains and three caterpillar instars (L1–L3) of its main host, Pieris brassicae L. (Lepidoptera: Pieridae). Hosts had been collected in The Netherlands and France, and were reared in the laboratory for one generation. We also used an established Dutch laboratory strain that had not been exposed to parasitoids for at least 24 generations. Parasitoid survival to adulthood was inversely correlated with host instar at parasitism. Adult parasitoid body mass was largest when hosts were parasitized as L1 and smallest when hosts were parasitized as L3, whereas egg‐to‐adult development time was quickest on L3 hosts and slowest on L1 hosts. Higher survival and faster development of C. glomerata on French L2 hosts also showed that there is variation in host‐instar‐related suitability. Many L2 and most L3 caterpillars that were parasitized exhibited signs of pathogen infection and perished within a few days of parasitism, whereas this never happened when hosts were parasitized as L1 or in non‐parasitized control caterpillars. Our results reveal that, irrespective of the host strain, L1 hosts are optimally synchronized with C. glomerata development. By contrast, the high precocious mortality of L3 larvae may be due to stress‐induced regulation by the parasitoid in order to ‘force’ its developmental program into synchrony with the developing parasitoid larvae. Our results underscore a potentially important role played by pathogens in mediating herbivore–parasitoid interactions that are host‐instar‐dependent in their expression.
Blending active and passive digital technology methods to improve symptom monitoring in early psychosis
Authors: Cella Matteo , He Zhimin , Killikelly Clare , Okruszek Łukasz , Lewis Shon , Wykes Til 
Published: March 2019

AimsPsychotic symptoms fluctuate over time and effective and regular monitoring may contribute to relapse prevention and improve long‐term outcomes. In this proof‐of‐concept study we test the feasibility, acceptability and potential usefulness of a novel digital method assessing the association between physiological signals and psychotic symptom distress.MethodsFifteen participants with first episode psychosis were asked to use a self‐assessment mobile phone application for psychotic symptom monitoring for 10 days while using a wrist worn device continuously recording heart rate variability (HRV) and electrodermal activity (EDA). We compared physiological activity when participants reported experiencing distressing and non‐distressing psychotic symptoms.ResultsParticipants completed on average 76% of the mobile phone symptom assessments. When reporting distressing hallucinations and delusions participants had significantly higher EDA levels and non‐significant lower HRV values compared to when these symptoms were non‐distressing.ConclusionsThis study provides further evidence linking psychotic symptom's distress, as experienced in everyday life, and autonomic deregulation. This proof‐of‐concept study may lead to further longer‐term efforts to identify relapse biosignatures using automated methods based on passive monitoring. This method may allow for earlier interventions, contribute to improve relapse prevention and reduce symptoms interfering with recovery.
My body and other objects: The internal limits of self‐ownership
Authors: Carnegy‐Arbuthnott Hannah 
Published: March 2019

AbstractCommon practices such as donating blood or selling hair assume rights of disposal over oneself that are similar to, if not indistinguishable from, property rights. However, a simple view of self‐ownership fails to capture relevant moral differences between parts of a person and other objects. In light of this, we require some account of the continuity in the form of ownership rights a person has over herself and other objects, which also acknowledges the normative differences between constitutive parts of a person, on the one hand, and external objects, on the other. This paper provides such an account by arguing that there are reasons internal to a general justification of property rights to limit the extent of powers included in ownership of different kinds of object, depending on how the person is situated in relation to them. Rejecting a typical Hohfeldian view of property as a univocal, gradable concept allows us to make space for a new approach to property and self‐ownership: one which can make sense of various uses of the body as property without entailing that our relation to those parts is exhaustively characterised by an ordinary property right.
Overcoming prey naiveté: Free‐living marsupials develop recognition and effective behavioral responses to alien predators in Australia
Authors: Bytheway Jenna P. , Banks Peter B. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractNaiveté in prey arises from novel ecological mismatches in cue recognition systems and antipredator responses following the arrival of alien predators. The multilevel naiveté framework suggests that animals can progress through levels of naiveté toward predator awareness. Alternatively, native prey may be preadapted to recognize novel predators via common constituents in predator odors or familiar predator archetypes. We tested predictions of these competing hypotheses on the mechanisms driving behavioral responses of native species to alien predators by measuring responses of native free‐living northern brown bandicoots (Isoodon macrourus) to alien red fox (Vulpes vulpes) odor. We compared multiple bandicoot populations either sympatric or allopatric with foxes. Bandicoots sympatric with foxes showed recognition and appropriate antipredator behavior toward fox odor via avoidance. On the few occasions bandicoots did visit, their vigilance significantly increased, and their foraging decreased. In contrast, bandicoots allopatric with foxes showed no recognition of this predator cue. Our results suggest that vulnerable Australian mammals were likely naïve to foxes when they first arrived, which explains why so many native mammals declined soon after fox arrival. Our results also suggest such naiveté can be overcome within a relatively short time frame, driven by experience with predators, thus supporting the multilevel naiveté framework.
Transcriptome analysis shows ambiguous phenotypes of murine primitive endoderm‐related stem cell lines
Authors: Zhong Yixiang , Binas Bert 
Published: March 2019

AbstractPrimitive endoderm (PrE)‐related cell lines (XEN, pXEN and nEnd cells) show key features of the PrE. By transcriptome analysis, we show: (a) Compared to embryonic stem cells, PrE‐related cell lines are less in vivo like, although early nEnd cells are most similar to the PrE. (b) These cell lines show post‐PrE features of parietal (XEN and pXEN cells) or visceral (nEnd cells) endoderm, likely driven by Tgf‐β and Wnt/Activin signaling, respectively. (c) pXEN and nEnd cell lines additionally show pre‐PrE features. Hence, neither pXEN nor nEnd cell cultures represent a distinct in vivo entity. Rather, their properties are compatible with mixed and hybrid phenotypes. Our findings indicate that pre‐PrE, PrE and early post‐PrE phenotypes result from different niches, which need to be better understood to derive cell lines that distinctly represent the early stages of the extraembryonic endoderm.