bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acute hip fracture surgery anaesthetic technique and 30-day mortality in Sweden 2016 and 2017: A retrospective register study
Authors: Gremillet Caroline , Jakobsson Jan G. 
Published: July 2018

Background: Hip fractures yearly affect 1.6 million patients worldwide, often the elderly with complex comorbidity. Mortality following surgery for acute hip fracture is high. The high mortality rate is multifactorial; high age, comorbidities and complication/deterioration in health following surgery. Whether the anaesthesia technique affects the 30-day mortality rate has been studied widely without reaching a consensus. The primary aim of this study was to determine anaesthetic techniques used in Sweden and their impact on the 30-day mortality rate in the elderly, who underwent acute hip fracture surgery. Other aims were to study the impact of age, gender, ASA class, fracture type and delay in surgery on the 30-day mortality rate. Methods: Data from 13,649 patients ≥50 years old who had undergone acute hip fracture surgery and been reported to Swedish perioperative register (SPOR) between 2016 and 2017 were analysed. Results: The most commonly used anaesthetic technique was neuraxial anaesthesia (NA; 11257, 82%), followed by general anaesthesia (GA; 2190, 16%) and combined general and neuraxial anaesthesia (CA; 202, 1.5%) out of the 13,649 studied. The 30-day mortality rate was 7.7% for the entire cohort; GA 7.8%, NA 7.7% and CA 7.4%. Mortality was higher in elderly patients, those with a high ASA class, pertrochanteric fracture and males. Conclusions: The present study showed that NA is by far the most common anaesthetic technique for acute hip fracture surgery in Sweden. However, the anaesthetic technique used during this type of surgery had no impact on the 30-day mortality rate of patients. Increasing age, ASA class and male gender increased the 30-day mortality.
Will children ever learn? Removal of nasal and aural foreign bodies: a study of hospital episode statistics
Authors: Morris S , Osborne MS , McDermott AL 
Published: July 2018

Introduction Foreign body removal is a common reason for children to attend the emergency department. Generally, aural and nasal foreign bodies are not associated with immediate morbidity unless they are button batteries. There can be consequences of migration and removal. Methods Hospital Episode Statistics for 2010–2016 were used to calculate the number of nasal and aural foreign bodies that have been removed in hospital. Data for adults and children have been compared. Results 8752 nasal and 17,325 aural foreign bodies have been removed from adults and children over the course of 6 years. Children were responsible for 95% of the 8353 nasal and 85% of the 14,875 aural foreign body presentations. Children aged 1–4 years are most at risk of injury. Conclusion Children are more likely to present to hospital than adults with a foreign body in the ear or nose. Aural bodies were more likely to need removal in hospital for both populations. Authors believe that these require identification and removal by an ear, nose and throat specialist to prevent morbidity. The overall number of procedures performed annually in children has not reduced over the study period; an average of 1218 nasal and 2479 aural foreign body removals are performed each year with an annual cost of £2,880,148 to NHS England.
Fetuin-A – Alpha2-Heremans-Schmid Glycoprotein: From Structure to a Novel Marker of Chronic Diseases Part 1. Fetuin-A as a Calcium Chaperone and Inflammatory Marker
Authors: Komsa-Penkova Regina S. , Golemanov Georgi M. , Radionova Zdravka V. , Tonchev Pencho T. , Iliev Sergej D. , Penkov Veselin V. 
Published: July 2018

SummaryFetuin-A is a major plasma glycoprotein released mainly by the liver. Its functions include inhibition of the activity of insulin receptor, regulation of response to inflammation, inhibition of calcified matrix metabolism and ectopic mineralization, etc. Three major functional domains of fetuin-A have been identified: one similar to the Ca-binding domains, one inhibiting cysteine protease, and a domain with high affinity to insulin receptor. The fetuin-A molecule may be considered as a highly pleomorphic protein with an important impact in a variety of clinically expressed metabolic and pathological processes. It could be used as a marker in clinical practice in the future.
The Level of Strength and Endurance-Strength Abilities of the Female Early Education Teachers as Examined by the Medicine Ball Forward Throw and the 3 Min. Burpee Test: A Comparative Analysis
Authors: Podstawski Robert , Mańkowski Stefan , Raczkowski Marek 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Aim: The aim of the study is to assess strength and endurance-strength abilities of selected female early education teachers (EET) against classification norms, and subsequently compare the level of these abilities to that of pre-school and early school children and female university students.
Methods: The research comprised: 700 pre-school children, 1306 early school children, 303 female university students and 217 EET. In order to determine the research participants’ level of motor abilities, two motor tests, i.e. the medicine ball forward throw and the 3-min. Burpee Test were applied.
Results: Based on the classification norms, the EET obtained an average level of strength and endurance-strength abilities. Moreover, in the medicine ball (2 and 4kg) forward throw trial, the EET achieved significantly worse results than the 1st year female university students (p = 0.0000), yet significantly better results than the examined pre-school and early school children (p = 0.0000). On the other hand, in the 3 min. Burpee Test, the EET gained significantly worse results than the 2nd (p = 0.0000) and 3rd (p = 0.0000) year girls and boys and the 1st year female university students (p = 0.0000), but significantly better results than the pre-school children (girls: p = 0.0000, boys: p = 0.0166) and the 1st year boys (p = 0.0000).
Conclusions: Since motor fitness is important in EET’s everyday work, it is worrisome that the teachers under study attained an average level of strength and endurance – strength abilities. There were also many teachers who were exempted from any form of physical exercise for health reasons, which may be a consequence of their poor eating habits or/and an insufficient amount of daily physical activity. It seems to be reasonable, thus, to design and implement new enrollment criteria for admission to early education studies including fitness tests, and to expand the curriculum of early education studies by increasing the number of practical P.E. classes.
Family and its Influence on how Athletes Function
Authors: Al Sudani Ali Aziz Dawood , Budzyńska Kamila 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
This article presents an application of attachment theory in understanding the quality of sport relationships, it describes types of motivational climate and the differences between performance and mastery in the family and also shows how the beliefs of parents can influence the beliefs of a young athlete. The high quality and positive relationships between athletes and their colleagues seems to reflect the early positive bond which they had with their parents. Children with insecure attachment styles more often have low quality relationships with teammates. Other factors important in the functioning of athletes are the two main types of motivational climate: the mastery/task climate and the performance/ego climate. Both kinds of motivational climate describe which values are the most important for parents and the different influence they have on athletes. Moreover the beliefs of parents have a big impact on the involvement in sport by children, their behaviour during and after sport competitions and what they think about their motor skills and abilities. Parents who care about the sport future of their children should be educated in how important it is to build positive relationships from early childhood, how their beliefs and values create a motivational climate which can support or harm an athletes participation in sport, and how their beliefs influence the involvement in sport of their children.
Loss of Blood-Brain Barrier Integrity in a KCl-Induced Model of Episodic Headache Enhances CNS Drug Delivery
Authors: Cottier Karissa E. , Galloway Emily A. , Calabrese Elisa C. , Tome Margaret E. , Liktor-Busa Erika , Kim John , Davis Thomas P. , Vanderah Todd W. , Largent-Milnes Tally M. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractCortical spreading depression (CSD) in the CNS is suggested as a common mechanism contributing to headache. Despite strong evidence for CNS involvement in headache disorders, drug development for headache disorders remains focused on peripheral targets. Difficulty in delivering drugs across the blood-brain barrier (BBB) may partially account for this disparity. It is known, however, that BBB permeability is increased during several CNS pathologies. In this study, we investigated BBB changes in response to KCl-induced CSD events and subsequent allodynia in rats. Cortical KCl injection in awake, freely moving rats produced facial allodynia with peak intensity between 1.5 and 3 h and CSD induction within 0.5–2 h postinjection. Brain perfusion of14C-sucrose as a marker of BBB paracellular permeability revealed increased leak in the cortex, but not brainstem, beginning 0.5 h post-KCl injection and resolving within 6 h; no changes in tight junction (TJ) proteins occludin or claudin-5 expression were observed. Acute pretreatment with topiramate to inhibit CSD did not prevent the increased BBB paracellular permeability. CNS delivery of the abortive anti-migraine agent sumatriptan was increased in the cortex 1.5 h post-KCl injection. Surprisingly, sumatriptan uptake was also increased in the brainstem following CSD induction, suggesting regulation of active transport mechanisms at the BBB. Together, these results demonstrate the ability of CSD events to produce transient, time-dependent changes in BBB permeability when allodynia is present and to mediate access of clinically relevant therapeutics (i.e., sumatriptan) to the CNS.
Metabolic response to 12-weeks of Aqua Zumba® Fitness in obese women
Authors: Shari Maisarah , Md Yusof Sarina , Mohd Idris Norizzati , Raja Hussain Raja Nurul Jannat 
Published: July 2018

Background: The number of obese people is consistently increasing in Malaysia especially among women which expose them to various metabolic and other mortality diseases. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of 12 weeks of Aqua Zumba® Fitness programmes on metabolic diseases indicators between obese young and middle-age women. Methods: Eighty previously sedentary obese (BMI >30 kg/m2) women (age 20-59 years old) were randomized to either a 12-week Aqua Zumba® (AZ, n=40) or control group (C, n=40). Exercise group were involved in 12-weeks of Aqua Zumba® Fitness programmes, 3 times per week, 60 minutes per session, with the intensity of 50-75% of maximum heart rate. Body fat percentage (BF%), visceral fat (VF), waist circumference (WC), resting blood pressure (RBP), blood glucose (BG), and blood lipids (HDL and TG) were measured at baseline (week-0) and post-exercise intervention (week-13). Result: In this study, it has been found that there is significant difference (p<0.05) in changes of BF%, VF, WC, RBP, BG, HDL, and TG following 12-weeks of Aqua Zumba® Fitness programmes in both obese young and middle-age groups. However, obese young group demonstrated significant superior change on the improvement of BF%, WC, and BG (p<0.05) compared to obese middle-age group. Conclusion: As a result, Aqua Zumba® Fitness elicits favorable changes in all metabolic parameters among obese women. Furthermore, aging process affect metabolic responses towards exercise which less prolific result in improvement of BF%, WC, and BG were found in middle-age group.
Spiritual intelligence on health behaviours among Malaysian university students in a Malaysian public university: The mediating role of self efficacy
Authors: Omar Dev Roxana Dev 
Published: July 2018

University students experience a substantial amount of change where they progress from the highly controlled setting of school to the self-motivated environment of the university. Many changes which involve social, financial, and environment elements, can be a burden to the students putting them at risk in negative health behaviours. Negative health behaviours among university students are a course of concern since they have a tendency to be carried into adulthood which can possibly cause the emergence of chronic disease at a younger age. Spiritual intelligence together with self-efficacy is seen to promote better health behaviour. Therefore, the purpose of the study was to investigate the relationship between spiritual intelligence and self-efficacy on health behaviours among university students in Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia. A correlational study was conducted on 400 undergraduate university students who lived on campus and were chosen through stratified random sampling technique using closed ended questionnnaires (The Spiritual Self-Report Inventory, General Self Efficacy Scale and a modified version of Health Style Questionnaire). Pearson correlation and structural equation modelling were used to explore association between these aspects. Spiritual intelligence, self-efficacy and health behaviour were significantly correlated. Self-efficacy showed a partial mediation effect towards the relationship between spiritual intelligence and promoting health behaviour (p=0.0001). Thus, there was an association between spiritual intelligence with health behaviour, and self-efficacy with health behaviour. It is interpreted that spiritual intelligence can boost positive health behaviour and it is associated with self-efficacy relevantly gives benefit to health behaviour. Such data have important implications for both health practice and policy especially for higher education institutions.
Condensin Depletion Causes Genome Decompaction Without Altering the Level of Global Gene Expression inSaccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Paul Matthew Robert , Markowitz Tovah Elise , Hochwagen Andreas , Ercan Sevinç 
Published: July 2018

AbstractGene expression occurs in the context of chromatin organization, but the extent to which higher-order chromatin compaction affects gene expression remains unknown. Here, Paul et al. show that gene expression and genome compaction can be...Condensins are broadly conserved chromosome organizers that function in chromatin compaction and transcriptional regulation, but to what extent these two functions are linked has remained unclear. Here, we analyzed the effect of condensin inactivation on genome compaction and global gene expression in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae by performing spike-in-controlled genome-wide chromosome conformation capture (3C-seq) and mRNA-sequencing analysis. 3C-seq analysis shows that acute condensin inactivation leads to a global decrease in close-range intrachromosomal interactions as well as more specific losses of interchromosomal tRNA gene clustering. In addition, a condensin-rich interaction domain between the ribosomal DNA and the centromere on chromosome XII is lost upon condensin inactivation. Unexpectedly, these large-scale changes in chromosome architecture are not associated with global changes in mRNA levels. Our data suggest that the global transcriptional program of proliferating S. cerevisiae is resistant to condensin inactivation and the associated profound changes in genome organization.
The Role of Ozonized Erythrocytic Mass Transfusion in the Restoration of Myocardial Morphological Changes during Blood Loss (Experimental Study)
Authors: Boyarinov G. A. , Simutis I. S. , Nikolsky V. O. , Deryugina A. V. , Boyarinova L. V. , Gordetsov A. S. , Kuznetsov A. B. 
Published: July 2018

Purpose.To evaluate the role of ozonized erythrocytic mass transfusion in the restoration of damages in the architectonics of myocardium microvasculature and cardiomyocytes in case of a severe blood loss.Materials and Methods. Two batches of experiments were conducted, 17 white outbred rats in each. The animals were anesthetized with thiopental sodium (25 mg/kg). Blood loss was caused by taking 3ml of blood from the tail artery of rats, which is 35% of the circulating blood volume. One hour after the blood loss, transfusion of autoerythrocytes with normal saline solution and Ringer’s solution infusion in 1:1 ratio was performed in the control batch. In the experimental batch, 3 ml of autoerythrocytes treated with ozonized saline solution with ozone concentration of 2 mg/l and 3 ml of Ringer’s solution (1:1 ratio) were administered to rats. Erythrocyte mass was prepared from 3 ml of the autoblood harvested from the animals 3 days before the experiment. On a post-transfusion day5, in both batches and in five intact animals, hearts were removed following the intraperitoneal thiopental sodium injection (100 mg/kg). The left ventricle wall specimen from each heart was removed for examination. Histologic sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin. The preparations were visually examined and morphometric studies were performed using microvisor Vizo-103.Results.It has been established that administration of ozonized erythrocyte for severe blood loss correction limited the decrease in numbers of capillary profiles and their diameters, formation of mixed and hyaline thrombi fully or partially occluding microvascular lumens, major hemorrhages and reduction of variation of nuclear profiles, decreased perivascular, pericellular, perinuclear, and endonuclear edema of myocardial tissue, cardiomyocyte overcontruction zone, and their ruptures.Conclusion.The positive trends for microcirculation indices, vascularization density and myocardial edematization as prognostic markers in assessing potential posthypoxic rehabilitation of damaged tissues upon blood loss correction with ozonized erythrocyte mass might be explained by the antihypoxic, antioxidant, and detoxifying actions of ozone on erythrocytes and/or its metabolites (ozonides) in the body post-transfusion.
<i>El general en su laberinto</i>: Un acercamiento a la realidad latinoamericana
Authors: Vargas Vargas José Ángel 
Published: July 2018

Este artículo analiza la programación creíble de Gabriel Garacía Márquez El General en su laberinto. Desde diferentes puntos de vista sobre el tema de la credibilidad, se ocupa de algunos de los temas que intervienen en el proceso de señalización de texto, como referencialidad histórica y cultural, la programación de texto y recepción, así como su ambigüedad. This article analyses the believable programming of Gabriel Garacía Márquez El general en su laberinto. From different perspectives on the topic of believability, it deals with some topics that take part in the process of text signaling, such as historical and cultural referentiality, text programming and reception, as well as its ambiguity.
La lengua y los lenguajes en <i>Cristóbal Nonato</i> de Carlos Fuentes
Authors: Morestin Marc 
Published: July 2018

No está diseñado como una amenaza, la pregunta que surge después de leer Cristóbal Nonato de Carlos Fuentes es si o no la novela fue escrita realmente en "Español".Si la respuesta es sí, vale la pena averiguar lo que queda de la lengua metropolitana. Dejando a un lado la trama, exploraremos cómo un lenguaje normativo, "imperial", después de su fracaso histórico en el continente americano, cuenta con sala de modo para el idioma correspondiente a la mayor cantidad de fracciones sociales como el sistema colonial había causado. En el país y en la ciudad, pero sobre todo en este último, la naturaleza lingüística monolítica del orden colonial no sobrevivió a la "liberación", y menos aún la crisis territorial y socioeconómico de la nueva república independiente.Varios de los personajes de Cristóbal Nonato juegan su papel como sujetos sociales para defender lo que es de interés existencial primero y los segundos éticos. Cada uno hace a través de posturas lingüísticas a veces complementarios pero más a menudo contrastantes o contradictorios. El abrupto cambio en la definición de "nacional" que Fuentes se anticipa en su visión de los años 1992 pone de relieve la contribución de [alógenos] al idiomas español. Not intended as a threat, the question arising after reading Carlos Fuentes' Cristóbal Nonato is whether or not the novel was really written in "Spanish".IF the answer is yes, it is worth finding out what is left of the metropolitan language. Leaving the plot aside, we will explore how a normative, "imperial" language, after its historical failure in the American continent, has mode room for language corresponding to as many social fractions as the colonial system had caused. In the country and in the city, but mainly in the latter, the monolithic linguistic nature of the colonial order did not survive the "liberation", and even less the territorial and socioeconomic crisis of the independent new republic.Several of Cristóbal Nonato's characters play their roles as social subjects to defend what are existential interest first and ethical ones second. Each one does so through linguistic stances sometimes supplementary but more often contrasting or contradictory. The abrupt change in the "national" definition that Fuentes anticipates in his vision of the year 1992 highlights the contribution of [alógenos] languages into Spanish.
La categoría morfosintáctica número en el sustantivo español
Authors: Sánchez Corrales Victor Manuel 
Published: July 2018

Este artículo presenta una interpretación del número de categoría morfosintáctica delsustantivo en el español, teniendo en cuenta la afiliación genética del español como lengua romance occidental, así como su condición de lengua periférica. Para este efecto el morfema {-s } se propone como el exponente del sufijo plural y también como el monotemático y categorización temático del sustantivo español.This article presents an interpretation of the morphosyntactic category number of theSpanish noun, considering the genetic affiliation of Spanish as a western Romance language as well as its condition as a peripheral language. To this effect the morpheme {-s} is proposed as the exponent of the plural suffix and also as the monothematic and thematic categorization of the Spanish noun.
Nación y enajenación
Authors: Quesada Soto Álvaro 
Published: July 2018

El propósito de este artículo es doble. Su objetivo es investigar ciertos problemas históricos relacionados con el proceso de formación de una conciencia e identidad nacional. También examina cómo los escritores que concibieron el proyecto de crear una literatura nacional en nuestro país abordan estos problemas. The purpose of this article is twofold. It seeks to research certain historic problems related to the formation Process of a national conscience and identity. It also examines how the writers who conceived the project of creating a national literature in our country addressed these problems.
La silenciosa incertidumbre de la <i>Lira costarricense</i>: Un acercamiento a su proceso de recepción
Authors: Chen Sham Jorge 
Published: July 2018

Alrededor de la Lira costarricense se produce un silencio que no solo es del orden de la publicación del texto, sino también de un proceso interpretativo que contribuye, de rebote, a la configuración de una economía de significación y a una autocensura. El artículo, por lo tanto, ofrece una serie de directrices de trabajo en las que se podrá enmarcar toda tentativa de explicación al contrato de lectura que se desprende y consolida la Lira costarricense.The silence surrounding Lira costarricense is not limited to the publishing of the text but also includes its interpretation process. This process contributes as a side effect to an economy of meaning and an autocensure. Therefore, the article offers a series of guidelines enclosing all explanation endeavors of the reading contract that rises aod consolidates Lira costarricense.