bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multicentre, open-label, randomised controlled clinical trial to assess the efficacy and safety of appropriate target values for lipid management in patients who have mild-to-moderate stenotic lesions with high-risk plaques in coronary arteries: study protocol
Authors: Matsuda Morihiro , Kada Akiko , Saito Akiko M , Hasegawa Koji 
Published: January 2019

IntroductionTo detect patients at high risk of developing myocardial infarction, plaque characteristics as well as the degree of stenosis in coronary arteries should be evaluated. However, unstable plaque or severe calcification detected via coronary artery CT (CACT) is not reflected in risk stratification according to current guidelines. It is hypothesised that patients with high-risk findings on CACT (even those without proven history of coronary artery diseases; CAD) should be strictly managed to lower their low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels to targets of secondary prevention. Currently, however, there is no evidence based on prospective randomised intervention studies to prove this hypothesis.Methods and analysisPatients with mild-to-moderate stenotic lesions with positive remodelling or severe calcification, but without any history of CAD, will be randomly allocated to group A (reduce LDL-C to <120~160 mg/dL according to the primary prevention criteria based on the Japan Atherosclerosis Society (JAS) Guideline for Prevention of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Diseases 2017) and group B (reduce LDL-C to <70 mg/dL according to the secondary prevention criteria for high risk based on the JAS Guideline). They will be strictly managed to achieve the LDL-C targets. We will follow-up and evaluate the composite endpoints consisting of major cardiovascular events (death from CAD, non-fatal myocardial infarction, operation for coronary revascularisation and stroke) and stenosis progression or new stenosis development for 3 years.Ethics and disseminationThe study was approved by the National Hospital Organization Central Research Ethics Committee. The results of this study are scheduled to be published within 2 years after study completion via conference presentation or journal publication.Trial registration numberUMIN000031136.
Dairy product consumption and development of cancer: an overview of reviews
Authors: Jeyaraman Maya M , Abou-Setta Ahmed M , Grant Laurel , Farshidfar Farnaz , Copstein Leslie , Lys Justin , Gottschalk Tania , Desautels Danielle , Czaykowski Piotr , Pitz Marshall , Zarychanski Ryan 
Published: January 2019

ObjectivesTo provide a comprehensive systematic overview of current evidence from pooled analyses/meta-analyses and systematic reviews (PMASRs) pertaining to dairy consumption and incident cancer and/or all-cause or cancer-specific mortality.DesignOverview of reviews.SettingCommunity setting.ParticipantsThe unit of analysis is PMASRs. A total of 42 PMASRs was included in this overview of reviews.Interventions/exposuresAny dairy product consumption (eg, milk, yogurt, etc).Primary and secondary outcomes measuresPrimary outcome measure is development of any type of cancer. Secondary outcome measures are all-cause mortality and cancer-specific mortality.ResultsFrom 9693 citations identified, we included 42 PMASRs (52 study reports) published between 1991 and 2017. Thirty-one (74%) of these was pooled analyses/meta analyses, and only 11 (26%) were systematic reviews and meta-analyses. There was a wide variability in the type of study designs included within the other PMASRs, thus contributing to variable and, in instances, divergent estimates of cancer risk for several cancer subtypes. For example, only one systematic review and meta-analysis exclusively included prospective study designs. Most PMASRs were of low to moderate quality based on the Assessing the Methodological Quality of Systematic Reviews (AMSTAR) scores. The median AMSTAR score was 5 (IQR 2–7). Our overview identified conflicting evidence from PMASRs on association between dairy consumption and incident cancers or mortality. Heterogeneity in summary estimates reflected the inclusion of variable study designs and overall low methodological quality of individual PMASRs.ConclusionsThe association between dairy consumption and cancer risk has been explored in PMASRs with a variety of study designs and of low to moderate quality. To fully characterise valid associations between dairy consumption and risk of cancer and/or mortality rigorously conducted, PMASRs including only high-quality prospective study designs are required.Trial registration numberCRD42017078463.
Reasoning under uncertainty
Authors: Aitken Colin , Mavridis Dimitris 
Published: January 2019

IntroductionIt is difficult to reason correctly when the information available is uncertain. Reasoning under uncertainty is also known as probabilistic reasoning.MethodsWe discuss probabilistic reasoning in the context of a medical diagnosis or prognosis. The information available are symptoms for the diagnosis or diagnosis for the prognosis. We show how probabilities of events are updated in the light of new evidence (conditional probabilities/Bayes’ theorem). A resolution is explained in which the support of the information for the diagnosis or prognosis is measured by the comparison of two probabilities, a statistic also known as the likelihood ratio.ResultsThe likelihood ratio is a continuous measure of support that is not subject to the discrete nature of statistical significance where a result is either classified as ‘significant’ or ‘not significant’. It updates prior beliefs about diagnoses or prognoses in a coherent manner and enables proper consideration of successive pieces of information.DiscussionProbabilistic reasoning is not innate and relies on good education. Common mistakes include the ‘prosecutor’s fallacy’ and the interpretation of relative measures without consideration of the actual risks of the outcome, for example, interpretation of a likelihood ratio without taking into account the prior odds.
International Endocervical Adenocarcinoma Criteria and Classification (IECC): correlation with adverse clinicopathological features and patient outcome
Authors: Hodgson Anjelica , Olkhov-Mitsel Ekaterina , Howitt Brooke E , Nucci Marisa R , Parra-Herran Carlos 
Published: January 2019

AimsThe International Endocervical Adenocarcinoma Criteria and Classification (IECC) was recently proposed as an improved method for categorising endocervical adenocarcinoma (EA) into human papillomavirus (HPV)–associated adenocarcinomas (HPVAs) and non-HPV-associated adenocarcinomas (NHPVAs). Such categorisation correlates with patient age and tumour size; however, its association with patient outcome remains to be established.MethodsInstitutional cases of EA with histological material available were selected. Three gynaecological pathologists independently classified all tumours according to the IECC with consensus review used when necessary. Clinicopathologic variables were recorded for each case.ResultsOf a total of 87 EAs, 71 (82%) were classified as HPVA and 16 (18%) as NHPVA. Among HPVA, most were usual type (51/71, 72%) followed by mucinous not otherwise specified (10/71, 14%) and invasive stratified mucin-producing carcinoma (ISMC, 8/71, 11%). Most NHPVAs were of gastric type (12/16, 71%) followed by clear cell and mesonephric (two each, 12%). Compared with HPVAs, NHPVAs were significantly associated with older age (p<0.001), larger horizontal extent (p=0.013), greater depth of invasion (p=0.003), lymphovascular space invasion (p<0.001), advanced stage (p<0.001) and invasive pattern C (p<0.001). On univariate analysis, worse disease-free survival (DFS) and disease-specific survival (DSS) correlated with NHPVA group. Among the HPVA subtypes, ISMC showed worse DFS and DSS compared with other HPVA types.ConclusionsThe simple morphological approach of the IECC appears to be prognostically valuable. NHPVA (in particular gastric type) and ISMC (a recently recognised subset of HPVA) have an adverse outcome and their recognition following the IECC is important. We provide further evidence to replace the current WHO classification with the IECC.
Short-term risk of major adverse cardiovascular events or congestive heart failure in patients with psoriatic arthritis or psoriasis initiating a biological therapy: a meta–analysis of randomised controlled trials
Authors: Champs Bénédicte , Degboé Yannick , Barnetche Thomas , Cantagrel Alain , Ruyssen-Witrand Adeline , Constantin Arnaud 
Published: January 2019

ObjectiveThe objective was to investigate the short-term risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) or congestive heart failure (CHF) in patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA) or psoriasis initiating a biological therapy.MethodsScreening for the study was carried out using MEDLINE, Cochrane and Embase, from the inception of the database to December 2017. Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of anti-tumour necrosis factor (TNF), anti-interleukin (IL)12/23, anti-IL23 and anti-IL17 agents for the treatment of PsA or psoriasis were included. Two investigators independently extracted MACEs or CHF data reported during the placebo-controlled phase. The primary outcome measures were the incidence of MACEs or CHF.ResultsOf 753 references screened, 62 articles were selected, and 12 articles were added by manual searches. Accordingly 77 RCTs were included in the meta-analysis (MA) (10 174 patient-years (P-Y)). No significant difference was observed in MACE incidences in patients receiving anti-TNF, anti-IL12/23, anti-IL23 or anti-IL17 agents in comparison to the placebo. However, 10 MACEs were observed in the anti-IL12/23 group (1150 P-Y) compared with 1 in the placebo group (652 P-Y), with 0.01 −0.00 to 0.02 event/P-Y risk difference, which is not statistically significant. This trend was not observed in the anti-IL23 group. No significant difference was observed in CHF incidence in patients receiving biological agents in comparison to placebo.ConclusionThis MA of 77 RCTs did not reveal any significant change in the short-term risk of MACE or CHF in patients with PsA or psoriasis initiating a biological therapy.
Indicator condition-guided HIV testing with an electronic prompt in primary healthcare: a before and after evaluation of an intervention
Authors: Cayuelas Redondo Laia , Ruíz Marina , Kostov Belchin , Sequeira Ethel , Noguera Pablo , Herrero Maria Alba , Menacho Ignacio , Barba Olga , Clusa Thaïs , Rifa Benet , González de la Fuente Eva María , González Redondo Eva , García Felipe , Sisó Almirall Antoni , León Agathe 
Published: January 2019

ObjectiveIndicator condition (IC)-guided HIV testing is a strategy for the diagnosis of patients with HIV. The aim of this study was to assess the impact on the proportion of HIV tests requested after the introduction of an electronic prompt instructing primary healthcare (PHC) physicians to request an HIV test when diagnosing predefined IC.MethodsA prospective interventional study was conducted in 2015 in three PHC centres in Barcelona to assess the number of HIV test requests made during the implementation of an electronic prompt. Patients aged 18–65 years without HIV infection and with a new diagnosis of predefined IC were included. The results were compared with preprompt (2013) and postprompt data (2016).ResultsDuring the prompt period, 832 patients presented an IC (median age 41.6 years [IQR 30–54], 48.2% female). HIV tests were requested in 296 individuals (35, 6%) and blood tests made in 238. Four HIV infections were diagnosed (positivity rate 1.7%, 95% CI 0.5% to 4.4%). The number of HIV tests requested based on IC increased from 12.6% in 2013 to 35.6% in 2015 (p<0.001) and fell to 17.9% after removal of the prompt in 2016 (p<0.001). Younger patient age (OR 0.97, 95% CI 0.96 to 0.98), birth outside Spain (OR 1.53, 95% CI 1.06 to 2.21) and younger physician age (OR 0.97, 95% CI 0.96 to 0.99) were independent predictive factors for an HIV test request during the prompt period. The electronic prompt (OR 3.36, 95% CI 2.70 to 4.18) was the factor most closely associated with HIV test requests. It was estimated that 10 (95% CI 3.0 to 26.2) additional new cases would have been diagnosed if an HIV test had been performed in all patients presenting an IC.ConclusionsA significant increase in HIV test requests was observed during the implementation of the electronic prompt. The results suggest that this strategy could be useful in increasing IC-guided HIV testing in PHC centres.
The effect of drying modes on aqueous dispersion of graphene oxide solids
Authors: Shen Liang , Wang Dian , Jin Ziheng , Che Liming , Cai Ning , Wang Yuanpeng , Lu Yinghua 
Published: January 2019

The graphene oxide solids are derived from four representative drying methods, denoted as AGO (air drying), HGO (heat-vacuum drying), VGO (vacuum drying) and FGO (freezing drying), studied in view of aqueous dispersion. Their dispersion stability was found in order of FGO [Formula: see text] VGO [Formula: see text] AGO [Formula: see text] HGO, corresponding to the increasing C/O ratio of 1.771, 1.778, 2.337 and 2.483 indicated by XPS, respectively. The variation in structure and composition of GO solids caused by different drying processes was further characterized through Raman, XRD, SEM and HR-TEM. By such, the mechanism interpreting the rationale between dispersion and drying for GO was proposed.
Exogenous ubiquitin reduces inflammatory response and preserves myocardial function 3 days post-ischemia-reperfusion injury
Authors: Scofield Stephanie L. C. , Dalal Suman , Lim Kristina A. , Thrasher Patsy R. , Daniels Christopher R. , Peterson Jonathan M. , Singh Mahipal , Singh Krishna 
Published: January 2019

β-Adrenergic receptor (β-AR) stimulation increases extracellular levels of ubiquitin (UB) in myocytes, and exogenous UB decreases β-AR-stimulated myocyte apoptosis and myocardial fibrosis. Here, we hypothesized that exogenous UB modulates the inflammatory response, thereby playing a protective role in cardiac remodeling after ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. C57BL/6 mice infused with vehicle or UB (1 μg·g−1·h−1) were subjected to myocardial I/R injury. Functional and biochemical parameters of the heart were examined 3 days post-I/R. Heart weight-to-body weight ratios were similarly increased in I/R and UB + I/R groups. The area at risk and infarct size were significantly lower in UB + I/R versus I/R groups. Measurement of heart function using echocardiography revealed that I/R decreases percent fractional shortening and percent ejection fraction. However, the decrease in fractional shortening and ejection fraction was significantly lower in the UB + I/R group. The UB + I/R group displayed a significant decrease in inflammatory infiltrates, neutrophils, and macrophages versus the I/R group. Neutrophil activity was significantly lower in the UB + I/R group. Analysis of the concentration of a panel of 23 cytokines/chemokines in the serum using a Bio-Plex assay revealed a significantly lower concentration of IL-12 subunit p40 in the UB + I/R versus I/R group. The concentration of monocyte chemotactic protein-1 was lower, whereas the concentration of macrophage inflammatory protein-1α was significantly higher, in the UB+I/R group versus the sham group. Expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and activity of MMP-9 were higher in the UB + I/R group versus the I/R group. Levels of ubiquitinated proteins and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 2 expression were increased to a similar extent in both I/R groups. Thus, exogenous UB plays a protective role in myocardial remodeling post-I/R with effects on cardiac function, area at risk/infarct size, the inflammatory response, levels of serum cytokines/chemokines, and MMP expression and activity.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Stimulation of β-adrenergic receptors increases extracellular levels of ubiquitin (UB) in myocytes, and exogenous UB decreases β-adrenergic receptor-stimulated myocyte apoptosis and myocardial fibrosis. Here, we provide evidence that exogenous UB decreases the inflammatory response and preserves heart function 3 days after myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. Further identification of the molecular events involved in the anti-inflammatory role of exogenous UB may provide therapeutic targets for patients with ischemic heart disease.
PAK4 Phosphorylates Fumarase and Blocks TGFβ-Induced Cell Growth Arrest in Lung Cancer Cells
Authors: Chen Tao , Wang Ting , Liang Wenhua , Zhao Qin , Yu Qiujing , Ma Chun-Min , Zhuo Lingang , Guo Dong , Zheng Ke , Zhou Chengzhi , Wei Shupei , Huang Wenhua , Jiang Juhong , Liu Jing , Li Shiyue , He Jianxing , Jiang Yuhui , Zhong Nanshan 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

The metabolic activity of fumarase (FH) participates in gene transcription linking to tumor cell growth. However, whether this effect is implicated in lung cancer remains unclear. Here, we show TGFβ induces p38-mediated FH phosphorylation at Thr 90, which leads to a FH/CSL (also known as RBP-Jκ)/p53 complex formation and FH accumulation at p21 promoter under concomitant activation of Notch signaling; in turn, FH inhibits histone H3 Lys 36 demethylation and thereby promotes p21 transcription and cell growth arrest. In addition, FH is massively phosphorylated at the Ser 46 by PAK4 in non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells, and PAK4-phosphorylated FH binds to 14-3-3, resulting in cytosolic detention of FH and prohibition of FH/CSL/p53 complex formation. Physiologically, FH Ser 46 phosphorylation promotes tumorigenesis through its suppressive effect on FH Thr 90 phosphorylation–mediated cell growth arrest in NSCLC cells and correlates with poor prognosis in patients with lung cancer. Our findings uncover an uncharacterized mechanism underlying the local effect of FH on TGFβ-induced gene transcription, on which the inhibitory effect from PAK4 promotes tumorigenesis in lung cancer.

Significance:
Fumarase counteracts CSL via its metabolic activity to facilitate TGFβ-induced cell growth arrest, an effect largely blocked by PAK4-mediated phosphorylation of fumarase.
Effect of Feature Selection on Gene Expression Datasets Classification Accurac
Authors: Omara Hicham , Lazaar Mohamed , Tabii Youness 
Published: January 2019

<span>Feature selection attracts researchers who deal with machine learning and data mining. It consists of selecting the variables that have the greatest impact on the dataset classification, and discarding the rest. This dimentionality reduction allows classifiers to be fast and more accurate. This paper traits the effect of feature selection on the accuracy of widely used classifiers in literature. These classifiers are compared with three real datasets which are pre-processed with feature selection methods. More than 9% amelioration in classification accuracy is observed, and k-means appears to be the most sensitive classifier to feature selection.</span>
FIToplankton: Wireless Controlled Remotely-operated Underwater Vehicle (ROV) for Shallow Water Exploratio
Authors: Sani Muhammad Ikhsan , Siregar Simon , Kurniawan Aris Pujud , Irwan M. Abid 
Published: January 2019

Remotely Operated Vehicle (ROV) for underwater exploration is typically controlled using umbilical cable connected to ground control station. Unfortunately, while it’s used for power distribution and data transmission, it also obstruct the movement of ROV especially for shallow water (&lt;50 cm). This paper proposed an alternative method for controlling ROV using wireless remote control system. This work also aims to explore the possibility of using RF wireless technology between 420-450 MHz as underwater communication system. Furthermore, the control system was used to manage actuators i.e. DC motor and bilge pump for maneuvring and picking small size cargo. To help the ROV to hold on a desired, Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) is installed on board ROV within maximum deviation 0.2 m/s2. The prototype of the system has been successfully implemented and evaluated to confirm the functionality and the feasibility of the proposed approach.
Performance Evaluation of Adaptive Continuous Wavelet Transform based Rake Receiver for UWB Systems
Authors: Navitha Ch. , Sivani K. , Reddy K. Ashoka 
Published: January 2019

This paper proposes an adaptive continuous wavelet transform (ACWT) based Rake receiver to mitigate interference for high speed ultra wideband (UWB) transmission. The major parts of the receiver are least mean square (LMS) adaptive equalizer and N-selective maximum ratio combiner (MRC). The main advantage of using continuous wavelet rake receiver is that it utilizes the maximum bandwidth (7.5GHz) of the UWB transmitted signal, as announced by the Federal Communication Commission (FCC). In the proposed ACWT Rake receiver, the weights and the finger positions are updated depending upon the convergence error over a period in which training data is transmitted. Line of sight (LOS) channel model (CM1 from 0 to 4 meters) and the Non line of sight (NLOS) channel models (CM, CM3 and CM4) are the indoor channel models selected for investigating in this research . The performance of the proposed adaptive system is evaluated by comparing with conventional rake and continuous wavelet transform (CWT) based rake. It showed an improved performance in all the different UWB channels (CM1 to CM4) for rake fingers of 2, 4 and 8. Simulations showed that for 8 rake fingers, the proposed adaptive CWT rake receiver has shown an SNR improvement of 2dB, 3dB, 10dB and 2dB respectively over CWT rake receiver in different UWB channels CM1, CM2, CM3 and CM4.
Logarithm Transformed Lomax Distribution with Applications
Authors: Nassar Mazen , Dey Sanku , Kumar Devendra 
Published: January 2019

In this article, we introduce a new method for generating distributions which we refer to as logarithm transformed (LT) method. Some statistical properties of the LT method are established. Based on the LT method, we introduce a new generalization of the Lomax distribution that provides better fits than the Lomax distribution and some of its known generalizations. We refer to the new distribution as logarithmic transformed Lomax (LTL) distribution. Various properties of the LTL distribution, including explicit expressions for the moments, quantiles, moment generating function, incomplete moments, conditional moments, Rényi entropy, and order statistics are derived. It appears to be a distribution capable of allowing monotonically decreasing and upside-down bathtub shaped hazard rates depending on its parameters, so it turns out to be quite flexible for analysing non-negative real life data. We discuss the estimation of the model parameters by maximum likelihood method using random censoring scheme. The proposed distribution is utilized to fit a censored data set and the distribution is shown to be more appropriate to the data set than the compared distributions. 2010 Mathematics Subject Classification: 60E05, 60E10, 62E15.
Quantile-based Reliability Measures and Some Associated Stochastic Orderings
Authors: Kayal Suchandan , Sunoj S. M. , Vineshkumar B. 
Published: January 2019

There are several statistical models which have explicit quantile functions, but do not have manageable cumulative distribution functions. For example, Govindarajulu, various forms of lambda, and power-Pareto distributions. Thus, to study the reliability measures for such kind of distributions, a quantile-based tool is essentially required. In this article, we consider quantile version of some well- known reliability measures in the reversed time scale. We study stochastic orders based on the reversed hazard quantile function and the mean inactivity quantile time function. Further, we discuss relative reversed hazard quantile function order, likelihood quantile ratio order, and elasticity quantile order. Connections between the newly proposed orders and the existing stochastic orders are established. AMS 2010 Subject Classification: 60E15, 62E10