bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Balance‐of‐payments‐constrained cyclical growth with distributive class conflicts and productivity dynamics
Authors: Nishi Hiroshi 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThis study builds a dynamic balance‐of‐payments‐constrained model that incorporates the endogenous determination of the economic growth rate, conflictive wage/price distribution and employment rate. The wages, commodity prices and employment rate are determined by the profit squeeze effect and labour‐saving technical change. The relative strength of these two effects generates different outcomes for the transitional dynamics and comparative statics analysis. Particularly, the model shows stability, instability and cyclical nature, the latter of which concurs with the evidence reported by previous empirical studies.
Valuing Cooperation and Constructive Controversy: A Tribute to David W. Johnson
Authors: Tjosvold Dean , Druckman Daniel , Johnson Roger T. , Smith Karl A. , Roseth Cary 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe International Association of Conflict Management awarded David Johnson the Jeffrey Rubin Theory‐to‐Practice Award for professional achievement in 2010. To extend this recognition of David, Negotiation and Conflict Management Research invited us to publish this tribute. We begin with Dean Tjosvold's discussion of David's career. Daniel Druckman describes David's research on constructive controversy and team performance. Roger Johnson outlines how David and he laid the foundations of cooperative learning. Karl Smith describes the development of intellectual disagreement to promote decision‐making. Cary Roseth shows the persistence and skill needed for David's meta‐analyses on the effects of cooperation and competition on learning. Finally, David responds to three questions developed by the contributors.
Pharmacologic effects of naldemedine, a peripherally acting μ‐opioid receptor antagonist, in in vitro and in vivo models of opioid‐induced constipation
Authors: Kanemasa Toshiyuki , Koike Katsumi , Arai Tohko , Ono Hiroko , Horita Narumi , Chiba Hiroki , Nakamura Atsushi , Morioka Yasuhide , Kihara Tsuyoshi , Hasegawa Minoru 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBackgroundNaldemedine (S‐297995) is a peripherally acting μ‐opioid receptor antagonist developed as a once‐daily oral drug for opioid‐induced constipation (OIC) in adults with chronic noncancer or cancer pain. This study characterized the pharmacological effects of naldemedine in vitro and in vivo.MethodsThe binding affinity and antagonist activity of naldemedine against recombinant human μ‐, δ‐, and κ‐opioid receptors were assayed in vitro. Pharmacologic effects of naldemedine were investigated using animal models of morphine‐induced inhibition of small and large intestinal transit, castor oil‐induced diarrhea, antinociception, and morphine withdrawal.Key ResultsNaldemedine showed potent binding affinity and antagonist activities for recombinant human μ‐, δ‐, and κ‐opioid receptors. Naldemedine significantly reduced opioid‐induced inhibition of small intestinal transit (0.03‐10 mg kg−1; P < 0.05) and large intestinal transit (0.3‐1 μmol L−1; P < 0.05). Naldemedine (0.03‐1 mg kg−1) pretreatment significantly reversed the inhibition of castor oil‐induced diarrhea by subcutaneous morphine (P < 0.01). Naldemedine (1‐30 mg kg−1) pretreatment (1 or 2 hours) did not alter the analgesic effects of morphine in a model measuring the latency of a rat to flick its tail following thermal stimulation. However, a significant delayed reduction of the analgesic effect of morphine was seen with higher doses of naldemedine (10‐30 mg kg−1). Some centrally mediated and peripherally mediated withdrawal signs in morphine‐dependent rats were seen with naldemedine doses ≥3 and ≥0.3 mg kg−1, respectively.Conclusions & InferencesNaldemedine displayed potent binding affinity to, and antagonistic activity against, μ‐, δ‐, and κ‐opioid receptors. Naldemedine tempered OIC in vivo without compromising opioid analgesia.
Williams syndrome
Authors: Twite Mark D. , Stenquist Scott , Ing Richard J. 
Published: February 2019

SummaryWilliams syndrome affects approximately one in 10 000 people and is caused by the deletion of genes on chromosome 7q11.23 which code for elastin. The phenotypic appearance of people with Williams syndrome is well characterized, but there continues to be new genetic and therapeutic discoveries. Patients with Williams syndrome have increased morbidity and mortality under sedation and anesthesia, largely as a result of cardiovascular abnormalities. This review article focuses on new information about Williams syndrome and outlines a structured approach to patients with Williams syndrome in the perioperative period.
Reducing expression of a nitrate‐responsive bZIP transcription factor increases grain yield and N use in wheat
Authors: Yang Junbo , Wang Meiyue , Li Wenjing , He Xue , Teng Wan , Ma Wenying , Zhao Xueqiang , Hu Mengyun , Li Hui , Zhang Yijing , Tong Yiping 
Published: February 2019

SummaryNitrogen (N) plays critical role in plant growth; manipulating N assimilation could be a target to increase grain yield and N use. Here, we show that ABRE‐binding factor (ABF)‐like leucine zipper transcription factor TabZIP60 mediates N use and growth in wheat. The expression of TabZIP60 is repressed when the N‐deprived wheat plants is exposed to nitrate. Knock down of TabZIP60 through RNA interference (RNAi) increases NADH‐dependent glutamate synthase (NADH‐GOGAT) activity, lateral root branching, N uptake and spike number, and improves grain yield more than 25% under field conditions, while overexpression of TabZIP60‐6D had the opposite effects. Further investigation shows TabZIP60 binds to ABRE‐containing fragment in the promoter of TaNADH‐GOGAT‐3B and negatively regulates its expression. Genetic analysis reveals that TaNADH‐GOGAT‐3B overexpression overcomes the spike number and yield reduction caused by overexpressing TabZIP60‐6D. As such, TabZIP60‐mediated wheat growth and N use is associated with its negative regulation on TaNADH‐GOGAT expression. These findings indicate that TabZIP60 and TaNADH‐GOGAT interaction plays important roles in mediating N use and wheat growth, and provides valuable information for engineering N use efficiency and yield in wheat.
Elevated root nicotianamine concentrations are critical for Zn hyperaccumulation across diverse edaphic environments
Authors: Uraguchi Shimpei , Weber Michael , Clemens Stephan 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe metallophyte Arabidopsis halleri thrives across an extremely broad edaphic range. Zn hyperaccumulation is found on soils differing in available Zn by up to six orders of magnitude, raising the question as to whether a common set of mechanisms confers this species‐wide ability. Elevated root concentrations of the metal chelator nicotianamine due to strong constitutive expression of AhNAS2 are important for hyperaccumulation. In order to analyse the relevance of AhNAS2 under more natural conditions representing a range of metalliferous and nonmetalliferous habitats, we collected soil at eight different A. halleri sites and cultivated wild‐type and AhNAS2‐RNAi lines in these soils. AhNAS2 transcript abundance and root nicotianamine concentrations in wild‐type plants were barely influenced by soil metal concentrations. The RNAi effect was fully expressed in different soils. Zn hyperaccumulation in AhNAS2‐silenced lines was significantly reduced in seven soils. Root‐to‐shoot translocation of Cd, Mn, Cu, Ni, and Co was also affected by AhNAS2 silencing, albeit to a lower extent and less consistently. Leaf Fe levels were unaffected by AhNAS2 knockdown. Results demonstrate that elevated nicotianamine production in roots of A. halleri is a Zn hyperaccumulation factor regardless of the edaphic environment, that is, contributes to Zn hyperaccumulation in soils with contrasting Zn availability.
Genome‐wide DNA methylation investigation of glucocorticoid exposure within buccal samples
Authors: Braun Patricia R. , Tanaka‐Sahker Mai , Chan Aubrey C. , Jellison Sydney S. , Klisares Mason J. , Hing Benjamin W. , Shabbir Yaseen , Gaul Lindsey N. , Nagahama Yasunori , Robles Julian , Heinzman Jonathan T. , Sabbagh Sayeh , Cramer Ellyn M. , Duncan Gabrielle N. , Yuki Kumi , Close Liesl N. , Dlouhy Brian J. , Howard Matthew A. , Kawasaki Hiroto , Stein Kyle M. , Potash James B. , Shinozaki Gen 
Published: March 2019

AimGlucocorticoids play a major role in regulating the stress response, and an imbalance of glucocorticoids has been implicated in stress‐related disorders. Within mouse models, CpGs across the genome have been shown to be differentially methylated in response to glucocorticoid treatment, and using the Infinium 27K array, it was shown that humans given synthetic glucocorticoids had DNA methylation (DNAm) changes in blood. However, further investigation of the extent to which glucocorticoids affect DNAm across a larger proportion of the genome is needed.MethodsBuccal samples were collected before and after synthetic glucocorticoid treatment in the context of a dental procedure. This included 30 tooth extraction surgery patients who received 10 mg of dexamethasone. Genome‐wide DNAm was assessed with the Infinium HumanMethylationEPIC array.ResultsFive CpGs showed genome‐wide significant DNAm changes that were >10%. These differentially methylated CpGs were in or nearest the following genes: ZNF438, KLHDC10, miR‐544 or CRABP1, DPH5, and WDFY2. Using previously published datasets of human blood gene expression changes following dexamethasone exposure, a significant proportion of genes with false‐discovery‐rate‐adjusted significant CpGs were also differentially expressed. A pathway analysis of the genes with false‐discovery‐rate‐adjusted significant CpGs revealed significant enrichment of olfactory transduction, pentose and glucuronate interconversions, ascorbate and aldarate metabolism, and steroid hormone biosynthesis pathways.ConclusionHigh‐dose synthetic glucocorticoid administration in the setting of a dental procedure was significantly associated with DNAm changes within buccal samples. These findings are consistent with prior findings of an influence of glucocorticoids on DNAm in humans.
Photomorphogenesis of the root system in developing sunflower seedlings: a role for sucrose
Authors: Kutschera U. , Briggs W. R. 
Published: March 2019

Abstract

The domestic sunflower (Helianthus annuus L. cv. ‘Giganteus’) has been used since the 19th century as a model plant for the study of seedling development in darkness and white light (WL) (scoto‐ versus photomorphogenesis). However, most pertinent studies have focused on the developmental patterns of the hypocotyl and cotyledons, whereas the root system has been largely ignored.

In this study, we analysed entire sunflower seedlings (root and shoot) and quantified organ development in the above‐ and belowground parts of the organism under natural (non‐sterile) conditions.

We document that seedlings, raised in moist vermiculite, are covered with methylobacteria, microbes that are known to promote root development in Arabidopsis. Quantitative data revealed that during photomorphogenesis in WL, the root system expands by 90%, whereas stem elongation is inhibited, and hook opening/cotyledon expansion occurs. Root morphogenesis may be mediated via imported sucrose provided by the green, photosynthetically active cotyledons. This hypothesis is supported by the documented effect of sucrose on the induction of lateral root initials in sunflower cuttings. Under these experimental conditions, phytohormones (auxin, cytokinin, brassinolide) exerted little effect on root and cotyledon expansion, and no hormone‐induced initiation of lateral roots was observed.

It is concluded that sucrose not only acts as an energy source to fuel cell metabolism but is also a shoot‐derived signalling molecule that triggers root morphogenesis.
Efficacy of saliva substitutes and stimulants in the treatment of dry mouth
Authors: See Lydia , Mohammadi Mehdi , Han Phuu P. , Mulligan Roseann , Enciso Reyes 
Published: February 2019

AbstractAimsTo evaluate the efficacy of saliva substitutes and stimulants compared to placebo in improving findings of dry mouth not caused by Sjӧgren's.Methods and ResultsFour databases were searched (PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and EMBASE) through March 2018. Only randomized controlled trials (RCT) using placebo interventions with dry mouth patients were included. Outcomes included salivary flow and self‐reported patient improvement. The Cochrane Collaboration's tool for assessing risk of bias was used. A total of 348 references were reviewed, resulting in 7 RCTs with 257 dry mouth patients with 5 studies at high risk of bias, 1 unclear and 1 low risk being included. Topical spray of 1% malic acid increased unstimulated (Difference in Means [DM] = 0.096, 95% CI = 0.092‐0.100; P < 0.001) and stimulated (DM = 0.203, 95% CI = 0.106‐0.300; P < 0.001) salivary flow in 2 studies. Patients using 1% malic acid topical spray were 5.4 times more likely to report improvement compared to placebo (95% CI = 2.634‐11.091; P < 0.001) in 2 studies. No significant improvements were found with other products when compared to placebo.ConclusionUse of 1% malic acid topical spray seems to improve dry mouth compared to placebo. Quality of the evidence was low due to risk of bias and imprecision.
Palatal actinomycosis osteomyelitis–Complication of impacted tooth in a diabetic
Authors: Agarwal Padmanidhi , Chug Ashi , Kumar Shailesh , Jain Kanav 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThis article aims to highlight palatal actinomycosis osteomyelitis as an unseen complication of maxillary tooth impactions. A middle aged male with uncontrolled diabetes reported with a complaint of nasal regurgitation of fluids. After clinical and radiographic evaluation, he was diagnosed with actinomycosis osteomyelitis of the hard palate as a sequelae of a long‐standing palatally impacted tooth. He was treated by a combination of medical and surgical therapy. Palatal actinomycosis should be considered a differential in nonhealing lesions of the hard palate and a possibility before leaving maxillary impactions untreated, especially in immunocompromised individuals. Adequate follow‐up is mandatory to note for any radiographic changes and if diagnosed, treatment should be started promptly to prevent grave complications.
Genotyping and serotyping profiles showed weak Jka presentation for previously typed as Jknull donors
Authors: Wu Ping Chun , Chyan Tsui‐Wei , Feng Shu‐Hui , Chen Ming‐Hung , Pai Shun‐Chung 
Published: March 2019

Background and ObjectivesKidd blood group system consists of two major antigens: Jka and Jkb. Both the antigens are absent in individuals typed as Jknull and may develop clinically significant anti‐Jk3 antibody. Screening donors for provision of Jknull blood is an ongoing task for blood centres with Jknull blood units kept frozen for specific requirements. In 2016, we discovered a previously typed Jknull donor to be Jka weak positive. Therefore, a study was conducted for our donors to verify Jknull status and to reinforce our typing protocol.Materials and MethodsIn this experiment, donors previously typed and screened as Jknull were tested with four antisera of Jka and Jkb, and each with gel card for serology testing. Sequence analysis was performed for SLC14A1 gene for the detection of JKnull and weak alleles for genetic testing.ResultsAmong the 30 samples, four were serologically identified as Jk(a+w) and genotypically identified as heterozygous for the JK*01W.01 allele. The other 26 were confirmed to be Jknull with JK*02N.01 as the most frequent allele. None of JK*B weak alleles were detected, but three were identified as false positives in the tube method. Gel card gave great accuracy for Jkb detection, but failed to give consistent results for weak Jka.ConclusionBy combining the tube method and gel card method in serology, along with complementary genetic testing, the possibility of misinterpreting weak Jka expression was eliminated, and we were able to provide Jknull blood for safe clinical transfusion.
Sexual dimorphism of liver endoplasmic reticulum stress susceptibility in prepubertal rats and the effect of sex steroid supplementation
Authors: Rossetti Camila Lüdke , de Oliveira Costa Hellen Marianne , Barthem Clarissa Souza , da Silva Michele Hinerasky , de Carvalho Denise P. , da‐Silva Wagner Seixas 
Published: March 2019

New Findings
What is the central question of this study?
Is there sexual dimorphism in the occurrence of hepatic endoplasmic reticulum stress?

What is the main finding and its importance?
The transition from prepubertal to the adult age is associated with an increase in the unfolded protein response markers in the liver of male rats, which is probably due to an increase in serum testosterone levels.

AbstractMale rodents present a higher predisposition to obesity and insulin resistance than females. These disorders have been associated with endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. To investigate a possible sexual dimorphism in the hepatic occurrence of ER stress, we evaluated the expression of ER stress markers in the livers of male and female rats in two phases of sexual development. In the first experimental model, male and female prepubertal and adult Wistar rats were used. Adult males presented higher body mass and greater mass of the adipose tissue and liver than adult females. Prepubertal animals presented no differences in these parameters between males and females. Despite this finding, the hepatic expression levels of Bip, Ire1α and Xbp1s mRNA were lower in prepubertal males than in females, while in adult animals, they did not differ between sexes. In the second experimental model, we anticipated the sexually mature phase by daily injections of testosterone propionate for 10 days in prepubertal males or by daily injections of oestradiol benzoate for 7 days in prepubertal females. Oestradiol administration in prepubertal females did not change any of the parameters evaluated. Testosterone administration to prepubertal males led to a higher body mass and greater expression of Bip, Ire1α, Atf4 and Xbp1s in the liver. These findings suggest that the increased ER stress predisposition observed in males during puberty is due to an increase in testosterone levels, indicating that ER stress is sexually dimorphic before puberty due to the lack of testosterone in males.
Discrete Time-Delay Optimal Control Method for Experimental Active Chatter Suppression and Its Closed-Loop Stability Analysis
Authors: Zhang Xingwu , Yin Ziyu , Gao Jiawei , Liu Jinxin , Gao Robert X. , Cao Hongrui , Chen Xuefeng 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Chatter is a self-excited and unstable vibration phenomenon during machining operations, which affects the workpiece surface quality and the production efficiency. Active chatter control has been intensively studied to mitigate chatter and expand the boundary of machining stability. This paper presents a discrete time-delay optimal control method for chatter suppression. A dynamical model incorporating the time-periodic and time-delayed characteristic of active chatter suppression during the milling process is first formulated. Next, the milling system is represented as a discrete linear time-invariant (LTI) system with state-space description through averaging and discretization. An optimal control strategy is then formulated to stabilize unstable cutting states, where the balanced realization method is applied to determine the weighting matrix without trial and error. Finally, a closed-loop stability lobe diagram (CLSLD) is proposed to evaluate the performance of the designed controller based on the proposed method. The CLSLD can provide the stability lobe diagram with control and evaluate the performance and robustness of the controller cross the tested spindle speeds. Through many numerical simulations and experimental studies, it demonstrates that the proposed control method can make the unstable cutting parameters stable with control on, reduce the control force to 21% of traditional weighting matrix selection method by trial and error in simulation, and reduce the amplitude of chatter frequency up to 78.6% in experiment. Hence, the designed controller reduces the performance requirements of actuators during active chatter suppression.
Validation of a model for the prediction of retinopathy in persons with type 1 diabetes
Authors: Schreur Vivian , Ng Heijan , Nijpels Giels , Stefánsson Einar , Tack Cees J , Klevering B Jeroen , de Jong Eiko K , Hoyng Carel B , Keunen Jan E E , van der Heijden Amber A 
Published: March 2019

Background/AimTo validate a previously developed model for prediction of diabetic retinopathy (DR) for personalised retinopathy screening in persons with type 1 diabetes.MethodsRetrospective medical data of persons with type 1 diabetes treated in an academic hospital setting were used for analysis. Sight-threatening retinopathy (STR) was defined as the presence of severe non-proliferative DR, proliferative DR or macular oedema. The presence and grade of retinopathy, onset of diabetes, systolic blood pressure, and levels of haemoglobin A1c were used to calculate an individual risk estimate and personalised screening interval. In persons with STR, the occurrence was compared with the calculated date of screening. The model’s predictive performance was measured using calibration and discrimination techniques.ResultsOf the 268 persons included in our study, 24 (9.0%) developed STR during a mean follow-up of 4.6 years. All incidences of STR occurred after the calculated screening date. By applying the model, the mean calculated screening interval was 30.5 months, which is a reduction in screening frequency of 61% compared with annual screening and 21% compared with biennial screening. The discriminatory ability was good (Harrell’s C-statistic=0.82, 95% CI 0.74 to 0.90), and calibration showed an overestimation of risk in persons who were assigned to a higher risk for STR.ConclusionThis validation study suggests that a screening programme based on the previously developed prediction model is safe and efficient. The use of a personalised screening frequency could improve cost-effectiveness of diabetic eye care.
Estimating the magnitude of diabetes mellitus and diabetic retinopathy in an older age urban population in Pune, western India
Authors: Kulkarni Sucheta , Kondalkar Shridevi , Mactaggart Islay , Shamanna B R , Lodhi Azher , Mendke Rohit , Kharat Jitesh , Kapse Rajesh , Dole Kuldeep , Deshpande Madan 
Published: March 2019

ObjectiveTo estimate magnitude of diabetes mellitus (DM) and diabetic retinopathy (DR) in a high risk population in Pune, western India.MethodsDR module in rapid assessment of avoidable blindness (RAAB) survey methodology was used. Sample size of 3527 was calculated based on estimates from previous studies in India. A certified RAAB trainer conducted a training of survey teams. Random cluster sampling with probability proportionate to size was adapted to select 60 clusters consisting of 60 individuals each. Two teams visited door to door until they finished visiting 60 persons each day. Visual acuity testing, torch light examination, red glow test were carried out to determine persons with visual impairment and its cause. Every participant then underwent a random blood sugar level testing. All diabetics (known and newly detected) underwent dilated retina evaluation with indirect ophthalmoscopy to determine their DR status. Data were entered into RAAB6 software and descriptive statistics generated.ResultsResponse rate was 89.5 % (3221/3600), females (55.3%). The prevalence of DM in the sample was (706/3221) 21.9 %(95 CI 20.1 to 23.7). Prevalence of DR was 14.3 % (95% CI 11.7 to 16.9). Most diabetics (401/579, 69.3%) never had an eye examination for DR in the past. Cataract was the principal cause of blindness (50 % cases) among diabetics.ConclusionDM affects over fifth of persons above 50 years of age in western India. Nearly seventh of the diabetics have DR, but coverage of screening is poor in Pune.