bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sex-differences in LPS-induced neonatal lung injury
Authors: Nguyen Leanna , Castro Odalis , De Dios Robyn , Sandoval Jeryl , McKenna Sarah , Wright Clyde J. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBeing of the male sex has been identified as a risk factor for multiple morbidities associated with preterm birth, including bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Exposure to inflammatory stress is a well-recognized risk factor for developing BPD. Whether there is a sex difference in pulmonary innate immune TLR4 signaling, lung injury and subsequent abnormal lung development is unknown. Neonatal (P0) male and female mice (ICR) were exposed to systemic LPS (5 mg/kg, IP) and innate immune signaling, and the transcriptional response were assessed (1 and 5 hours), along with lung development (P7). Male and female mice demonstrated a similar degree of impaired lung development with decreased radial alveolar counts, increased surface area, increased airspace area and increased mean linear intercept. We found no differences between male and female mice in the baseline pulmonary expression of key components of TLR4-NFκB signaling, or in the LPS-induced pulmonary expression of key mediators of neonatal lung injury. Finally, we found no difference in the kinetics of LPS-induced pulmonary NFκB activation between male and female mice. Together, these data support the conclusion that the innate immune response to early postnatal LPS exposure and resulting pulmonary sequelae is similar in male and female mice.
Leukocyte telomere length, lipid parameters and gestational diabetes risk: a case-control study in a Chinese population
Authors: Weng Qiao , Deng Keyong , Wu Fang , Gan Ming , Li Jie , Dai Yimin , Jiang Yue , Chen Jiaping , Dai Juncheng , Ma Hongxia , Hu Zhibin , Shen Hongbing , Du Jiangbo , Hu Yali , Jin Guangfu 
Published: June 2019

AbstractTelomere length (TL) is linked to various age-related diseases, but little is known about telomeres in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). We surveyed 509 subjects (113 GDM patients and 396 frequency matched controls) in Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Jiangsu province of eastern China. Relative telomere length (RTL) of genomic DNA extracted from peripheral blood leukocytes was measured using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of GDM risk were calculated across tertiles of RTL using logistic regression model. Lipid parameters during the third trimesters of gestation (after 32 weeks) were collected from medical records. The general linear correlation test was used to explore the associations of lipid parameters with RTL. Our results showed that the RTL in GDM patients were significantly shorter than controls (0.302 ± 0.112 vs. 0.336 ± 0.164, P = 0.046). However, the GDM risk was significantly increased in subjects with median RTL (adjusted OR [aOR]: 1.936, 95% CI: 1.086, 3.453, P = 0.025) and the shortest RTL (aOR: 1.795, 95% CI: 1.004, 3.207, P = 0.048), compared to subjects with longest RTL. We also demonstrated that the lipid ratios (TC/TG, LDL/TG, HDL/TG, LDL/TC, TC/LDL) were significantly associated with RTL among controls. Overall, the present study indicated that attrition of telomeres would increase GDM risk among pregnant women, and the altered lipid levels may play an important role in RTL related GDM risk and pathogenesis.
Effects of Different Diets on Microbiota in The Small Intestine Mucus and Weight Regulation in Rats
Authors: Meng Yu , Li Xiaojun , Zhang Jie , Wang Chunlian , Lu Fanggen 
Published: June 2019

AbstractWhile the microbial community of the small intestine mucus (SIM) may also play a role in human health maintenance and disease genesis, it has not been extensively profiled and whether it changes with diet is still unclear. To investigate the flora composition of SIM and the effects of diet on it, we fed SD rats for 12 weeks with standard diet (STD), high-fat diet (HFD), high-sugar diet (HSD) and high-protein diet (HPD), respectively. After 12 weeks, the rats were sacrificed, SIM and stool samples were collected, and high-throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing was used to analyze the microbiota. We found that fecal microbiota (FM) was dominated by Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes, while in SIM, Firmicutes and Proteobacteria were the two most abundant phyla and the level of Bacteroidetes dramatically decreased. The microbiota diversity of SIM was less than that of feces. The community composition of SIM varied greatly with different diets, while the composition of FM altered little with different diets. The relative abundance of Bacteroidetes and Allobaculum in SIM were negatively correlated with weight gain. There was no significant correlation between FM and weight gain. In conclusion, the community profile of SIM is different from that of feces and susceptible to diet.
TrxR2 overexpression alleviates inflammation-mediated neuronal death via reducing the oxidative stress and activating the Akt–Parkin pathway
Authors: Gao Jinbao , Li Yunjun , Li Wende , Wang Haijiang 
Published: June 2019

AbstractNeuronal death caused by inflammatory cytokine-mediated neuroinflammation is being extensively explored. Thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) 2 is a novel mediator of inflammation response. In the current study, we focus on the mechanisms of TrxR2 overexpression in inflammation-mediated neuronal death. LPS was used to induce neuroinflammation in N2a cells in vitro. Adenovirus-loaded TrxR2 was transfected into N2a cells to up-regulate TrxR2 expression. Then, cell viability was determined via MTT assay and TUNEL assay. Apoptosis was measured via western blotting and ELISA. Oxidative stress was detected via ELISA and flow cytometry. A pathway inhibitor was used to verify the role of the Akt–Parkin pathway in the LPS-mediated N2a cell death in the presence of TrxR2 overexpression. With the help of immunofluorescence assay and western blotting, we found that TrxR2 expression was significantly reduced in response to LPS treatment, and this effect was associated with N2a cell death via apoptosis. At the molecular level, TrxR2 overexpression elevated the activity of the Akt–Parkin pathway, as evidenced by the increased expression of p-Akt and Parkin. Interestingly, inhibition of the Akt–Parkin pathway abolished the regulatory effect of TrxR2 on LPS-treated N2a cells, as evidenced by the decreased cell viability and increased apoptotic ratio. Besides, TrxR2 overexpression also reduced oxidative stress, inflammation factor transcription and mitochondrial apoptosis. However, inhibition of Akt–Parkin axis abrogated the protective effects of TrxR2 on redox balance, mitochondrial performance and cell survival. LPS-mediated neuronal death was linked to a drop in TrxR2 overexpression and the inactivation of the Akt–Parkin pathway. Overexpression of TrxR2 sustained mitochondrial function, inhibited oxidative stress, repressed inflammation response, and blocked mitochondrial apoptosis, finally sending a pro-survival signal for the N2a cells in the setting of LPS-mediated inflammation environment.
Chemical synthesis and characterization of a new quinazolinedione competitive antagonist for strigolactone receptors with an unexpected binding mode
Authors: Hamiaux Cyril , Larsen Lesley , Lee Hui Wen , Luo Zhiwei , Sharma Prachi , Hawkins Bill C. , Perry Nigel B. , Snowden Kimberley C. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Strigolactones (SLs) are multifunctional plant hormones regulating essential physiological processes affecting growth and development. In vascular plants, SLs are recognized by α/β hydrolase-fold proteins from the D14/DAD2 (Dwarf14/Decreased Apical Dominance 2) family in the initial step of the signaling pathway. We have previously discovered that N-phenylanthranilic acid derivatives (e.g. tolfenamic acid) are potent antagonists of SL receptors, prompting us to design quinazolinone and quinazolinedione derivatives (QADs and QADDs, respectively) as second-generation antagonists. Initial in silico docking studies suggested that these compounds would bind to DAD2, the petunia SL receptor, with higher affinity than the first-generation compounds. However, only one of the QADs/QADDs tested in in vitro assays acted as a competitive antagonist of SL receptors, with reduced affinity and potency compared with its N-phenylanthranilic acid ‘parent’. X-ray crystal structure analysis revealed that the binding mode of the active QADD inside DAD2's cavity was not that predicted in silico, highlighting a novel inhibition mechanism for SL receptors. Despite a ∼10-fold difference in potency in vitro, the QADD and tolfenamic acid had comparable activity in planta, suggesting that the QADD compensates for lower potency with increased bioavailability. Altogether, our results establish this QADD as a novel lead compound towards the development of potent and bioavailable antagonists of SL receptors.
Application of single-cell RNA sequencing methodologies in understanding haematopoiesis and immunology
Authors: Ranzoni Anna M. , Strzelecka Paulina M. , Cvejic Ana 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The blood and immune system are characterised by utmost diversity in its cellular components. This heterogeneity can solely be resolved with the application of single-cell technologies that enable precise examination of cell-to-cell variation. Single-cell transcriptomics is continuously pushing forward our understanding of processes driving haematopoiesis and immune responses in physiological settings as well as in disease. Remarkably, in the last five years, a number of studies involving single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) allowed the discovery of new immune cell types and revealed that haematopoiesis is a continuous rather than a stepwise process, thus challenging the classical haematopoietic lineage tree model. This review summarises the most recent studies which applied scRNA-seq to answer outstanding questions in the fields of haematology and immunology and discusses the present challenges and future directions.
Facilitating Social Communication in Children With Developmental Language Disorder: A Bibliotherapeutic Approach
Authors: Brinton Bonnie , Fujiki Martin 
Published: June 2019

Purpose
Social communication involves the integration of language processing, pragmatics, and social and emotional learning. Children presenting with a variety of disabilities, including developmental language disorder, have difficulty with social communication. We describe an intervention approach designed to simultaneously address language form, pragmatics, and social and emotional learning utilizing a bibliotherapeutic approach. Story sharing and story enactment activities are described, and materials and resources are provided. The intervention is structured in a plan–do–review format and is designed to be implemented within a school setting.

Conclusion
Preliminary efficacy data are presented.
Den Stoffwechsel befeuern
Authors: Vigl Sebastian 
Published: June 2019

SummaryBei einer Hypothyreose ist der TSH-Wert erhöht, oft wird Levothyroxin zur Normalisierung der Werte eingesetzt. Ursache kann zum Beispiel eine Autoimmun-Thyreoiditis sein. Wenn bei einer Hypothyreose durch eine Levothyroxin-Therapie die TSH-Werte im Normbereich sind, können dennoch Hypothyreose-ähnliche Symptome auftreten - so auch im vorliegenden Fall. Teedrogen und Mikronährstoffe konnten im vorliegenden Fall die Hypothyreose-ähnlichen Symptome bei normalem TSH-Wert lindern. Die Patientin konnte Levothyroxin mit ärztlicher Begleitung ausschleichen.
Sachverstand und waches Auge
Authors: Handke Denis 
Published: June 2019

SummaryImmer häufiger fordern Aufsichtsbehörden invasiv arbeitende Heilpraktiker schriftlich auf, Hygienemaßnahmen zu dokumentieren und nachzuweisen. Für invasive Tätigkeiten gelten besondere Anforderungen an Desinfektionsmaßnahmen sowie die Sterilität und Entsorgung des verwendeten Materials. Die jeweiligen Vorgaben unter anderem für Fortbildung, Flächendesinfektion, Material, Vor-, Zu- und Nachbereitung der Injektion finden sich in den Hygieneverordnungen der Länder, den KRINKO-Empfehlungen sowie die TRBA 250.
Heilreaktion Fieber
Authors: Lochbrunner Birgit 
Published: June 2019

SummaryFieber ist Ausdruck eines aktivierten Immunsystems und wird in der ganzheitlichen Medizin als Heilreaktion des Körpers gesehen. Für die naturheilkundliche Behandlung eignen sich Schonung, Zufuhr von Flüssigkeit und Elektrolyten, Phytotherapie, leichte Kost und Fieberableitung. Verschiedene homöopathische Mittel mit deutlichem Fieberbezug können die Genesung beschleunigen, darunter Aconitum, Belladonna und Chinarinde.
Nicht lange fackeln
Authors: Kämper Siegfried 
Published: June 2019

SummaryAuch wenn ein Brand in der Heilpraktikerpraxis nur ausgesprochen selten vorkommt, muss man stets gewappnet sein. Jeder Praxisinhaber muss die geltenden Regelungen zum Brandschutz einhalten und seine Mitarbeiter entsprechend unterweisen. So ist zum Beispiel ein Feuerlöscher Pflicht, wenn man Mitarbeiter in der Praxis beschäftigt.
Lernen aus Fehlern anhand eines fallbasierten Curriculums im medizinischen Querschnittsbereich Gesundheitssysteme/Gesundheitsökonomie und öffentliche Gesundheitspflege
Authors: Tolks Daniel , Kiessling Claudia , Wershofen Birgit , Pudritz Yvonne , Schunk Michaela , Härtl Anja , Fischer Martin R. , Huber Johanna 
Published: June 2019

Zusammenfassung
Ziel der Studie Es bestehen kaum Konzepte, wie den Studierenden Wissen über das eigene Gesundheitssystem vermittelt und die Wichtigkeit und Praxisrelevanz des Themas verdeutlicht werden kann. Der fallbasierte Ansatz und die darin beschriebenen Fehler sollen die Relevanz des Themas für die ärztliche Tätigkeit hervorheben.
Methodik Es wurde ein Kurskonzept entwickelt, welches die Praxisrelevanz der Inhalte den Studierenden möglichst nah gebracht werden kann. Dieses basiert auf einem Methodenmix aus Game-Based Learning, fallbasierten und kooperativen Lernens. Im Rahmen des Seminars wird der Weg eines krebskranken Patienten durch das Gesundheitswesen beschrieben, der aufgrund mangelnder Absprachen und weiterer Schnittstellenproblematiken unbefriedigend behandelt wird. Der fallbasierte Ansatz und die darin beschriebenen Fehler sollen die Relevanz des Themas für die ärztliche Tätigkeit hervorheben.
Ergebnisse Analysen zeigen, dass die Studierenden (n=1162) bei beiden Erhebungszeiträumen ihr Interesse am Seminarthema eher im mittleren Bereich einordneten. Dennoch empfanden die Studierenden die Methode des fallbasierten Lernens als gut und schätzten die Relevanz des Themas als hoch ein.
Schlussfolgerungen Die spätere Relevanz des Themenkomplexes GGG für die berufliche Tätigkeit wurde von den Studierenden scheinbar erkannt. Die geringe Motivation der Studierenden, sich mit der Thematik zu beschäftigen, konnte scheinbar reduziert werden, was auch durch die rückgemeldeten Beobachtungen der Dozierenden bestätigt wurde.
Upper Extremity DVT versus Lower Extremity DVT: Perspectives from the GARFIELD-VTE Registry
Authors: Ageno Walter , Haas Sylvia , Weitz Jeffrey I. , Goldhaber Samuel Z. , Turpie Alexander G. G. , Goto Shinya , Angchaisuksiri Pantep , Dalsgaard Nielsen Joern , Kayani Gloria , Farjat Alfredo E. , Zaghdoun Audrey , Schellong Sebastian , Bounameaux Henri , Mantovani Lorenzo G. , Prandoni Paolo , Darius Harald , Kakkar Ajay K. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractUpper extremity deep vein thrombosis (UEDVT) is less common than lower extremity DVT (LEDVT) and consequently less well characterized. This study compared clinical characteristics and 1-year outcomes between 438 UEDVT patients and 7,602 LEDVT patients recruited in the GARFIELD-VTE registry. UEDVT patients were significantly more likely to have a central venous catheter than those with LEDVT (11.5% vs. 0.5%; p < 0.0001), and had a higher rate of active cancer (16.2%) or recent hospitalization (19.4%) compared with LEDVT patients (8.7% and 11.2%, respectively). Nearly all patients with UEDVT and LEDVT were initiated on anticoagulant therapy, which was a direct oral anticoagulant in one-third individuals in both groups. At 3, 6, and 12 months, the proportion of UEDVT and LEDVT patients who were receiving anticoagulant therapy was 82.6 and 87.4%, 66.0 and 72.6%, and 45.7 and 54.6%, respectively. In the UEDVT and LEDVT groups, VTE recurrence rate was 4.0 (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.4–6.7) and 5.5 (95% CI, 4.9–6.1) per 100 person-years, respectively; major bleed was noted in 1.3 (95% CI, 0.6–3.2) and 1.6 (95% CI, 1.3–1.9) per 100 person-years and all-cause mortality in 9.7 (95% CI, 7.1–13.4) and 6.7 (95% CI, 6.1–7.3) per 100 person-years, respectively. Hence, risk of recurrence was similar in the two groups whereas all-cause mortality was significantly higher in the UEDVT group than the LEDVT group (p = 0.0338). This latter finding was likely due to the high prevalence of cancer in the UEDVT group.
Clinical Characteristics of Patients with a Right Ventricular Thrombus in Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Akdis Deniz , Chen Kai , Saguner Ardan M. , Stämpfli Simon F. , Chen Xiao , Chen Liang , Rao Man , Haegeli Laurent M. , Tanner Felix C. , Brunckhorst Corinna , Song Jiangping , Duru Firat 
Published: June 2019

Background Thrombus formation within the left ventricle (LV) is a well-known clinical entity and is often associated with underlying myocardial disease, whereas right ventricular (RV) thrombi are rarely observed. This study aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics of patients with arrhythmogenic RV cardiomyopathy (ARVC) who developed an RV thrombus.
Methods and Results This study included patients with an RV thrombus from the ARVC databases of the University Heart Center in Zurich, Switzerland, and the Fuwai Hospital in Beijing, China. In total, there were 13 ARVC patients who had an RV thrombus detected. The mean age was 33 ± 15 (range: 11–51) years. Eight patients (62%) were male. The mean Task Force score was 6 ± 1. Nine of these patients (69%) had an RV thrombus only whereas four patients had biventricular thrombi. All 13 ARVC patients had a severely impaired RV function (RV fractional area change 16 ± 9% and RV ejection fraction 15 ± 4%); LV ejection fraction (LVEF) was 40 ± 15%. ARVC patients with an additional LV thrombus had a lower LVEF than the others (24 ± 11 vs. 47 ± 11, p = 0.02). Under therapeutic anticoagulation, complete thrombus resolution was observed in 9/13 patients (69%).
Conclusion RV thrombus formation is a potential complication of ARVC with impaired RV function. In patients with biventricular involvement, thrombi may also occur within the LV. Anticoagulation is generally effective to dissolve RV thrombi. This study highlights the need for awareness during cardiac imaging to detect this rare complication of ARVC.
Tibial Tuberosity Transposition Stabilization Using a Cortical Screw Placed Adjacent to the Tuberosity in Dogs with Patellar Luxation
Authors: Filliquist Barbro , Viskjer Sivert , Stover Susan M. 
Published: June 2019

Objectives The aim of this study was to describe a screw fixation method of the tibial tuberosity after transposition during surgical treatment of patellar luxation and to report complications and outcome of the procedure.
Materials and Methods Medical records (2010–2016) of dogs treated for patellar luxation with tibial tuberosity transposition stabilization using a cortical bone screw placed adjacent to the tuberosity were retrospectively reviewed. Radiographs acquired immediately after surgery were evaluated for fissures. Proximal tibial dimensions and tibial tuberosity segments were measured. Intraoperative and postoperative complications were recorded.
Results One-hundred and six dogs and 131 stifle surgeries were included. Implant complications associated with the screw occurred in 2/106 dogs (1.9%). Two dogs developed tibial tuberosity fracture and proximal displacement within 1 week of surgery and required stabilization with pin and tension band. Patellar reluxation rate following surgery was 6.9% (9/131 procedures). Presence of a fissure on postoperative radiographs increased the odds of tibial tuberosity fracture development (p < 0.001), while greater tibial tuberosity size (p = 0.023) and larger distal cortical attachment (p = 0.018) decreased the odds of fissure formation.
Clinical significance Tibial tuberosity transposition can be achieved with a cortical screw placed lateral or medial to the tibial tuberosity.
Early Onset and Severe Progression of Neuro-ophthalmological Manifestations in a Case with Parry–Romberg Syndrome
Authors: Zone Abid Imen , Jarrar Emna , Feki Jamel , Kamoun Fatma , Triki Chahnez , Ben Nsir Sihem 
Published: June 2019

AbstractParry–Romberg syndrome is a rare disorder characterized by unilateral facial atrophy affecting the skin, subcutaneous tissue, and muscles, and sometimes extending to the osteocartilaginous structures. Ophthalmological and neurological involvements are relatively rare. We present a case of an early onset of left hemifacial atrophy, a progressive severe left ocular impairment, and the presence of a neurological disorder in the left hemisphere of the brain. The neuro-ophthalmological manifestations on the left side include enophthalmos, mild pseudoptosis, moderate asymmetry of the eyebrows, diffuse chorioretinal atrophy, reduced visual acuity, reduced central retinal thickness (162 µm) with the interruption of the ellipsoid zone, and the alteration of the outer nuclear layer, with associated reduced responses in photopic and scotopic amplitudes. The patient reported high intensity left brain white matter and a brief clinical focal seizure. This case report adds to the repertoire spectrum of this rare syndrome. The presentation calls for a multidisciplinary care for patients like our case.
Dravet Syndrome: Early Diagnosis and Emerging Therapies
Authors: Burr Tyler J. , Skjei Karen L. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractDravet's syndrome (DS) or severe myoclonic epilepsy of infancy is a rare, genetic, and infantile-onset epileptic encephalopathy. DS presents with recurrent febrile seizures and/or febrile status epilepticus in developmentally normal infants, and subsequently evolves into a drug-resistant mixed-seizure disorder with developmental arrest or regression. As many defining clinical features of DS do not become evident until 3 to 4 years of age, diagnosis is often delayed. Early seizure control, particularly the prevention of status epilepticus in infancy, has been shown to correlate with better long-term outcomes. Thus, early diagnosis and seizure control is crucial. Several treatment algorithms have been published in recent years to guide antiepileptic drug selection and escalation. Last year, two agents, stiripentol and cannabidiol, were approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration specifically for use in DS, and a third has been submitted (fenfluramine). Additional therapies, including serotonin modulators lorcaserin and trazodone, verapamil, and several first-in-class medications, are currently in various phases of investigation.
Somatic Mosaicism for Paternal Uniparental Disomy of 11p15.5 Region in Adrenal and Liver Tissues in a Newborn with Atypical Beckwith–Wiedemann Syndrome
Authors: Urzua Abraham , Burattini Sofia , Pinochet Constanza , Benavides Felipe , Repetto Gabriela M. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBeckwith–Wiedemann syndrome (BWS) is characterized by overgrowth and increased risk of embryonic tumors. It results from alterations in genes controlled by imprinting centers H19DMR (Imprinting Center [IC] 1) and KvDMR (IC2). Strategies for diagnostic confirmation include methylation analysis and CDKN1C sequencing. We present a newborn with placentomegaly, hyperinsulinism and adrenal cytomegaly, but no typical external features of BWS. The patient had normal genetic studies in blood. However, adrenal and liver tissues showed hypermethylation of IC1 and hypomethylation of IC2. Microsatellite analysis confirmed mosaic paternal uniparental disomy. This study demonstrates the importance of analyzing additional tissues to reduce underdiagnosis of somatic mosaicism in BWS.