bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Incomplete Conditional Stellar Mass Function: Unveiling the Stellar Mass Functions of Galaxies at 0.1 < Z < 0.8 from BOSS Observations
Authors: Guo Hong , Yang Xiaohu , Lu Yi 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
We propose a novel method to constrain the missing fraction of galaxies using galaxy clustering measurements in the galaxy conditional stellar mass function (CSMF) framework, which is applicable to surveys that suffer significantly from sample selection effects. The clustering measurements, which are not sensitive to the random sampling (missing fraction) of galaxies, are widely used to constrain the stellar–halo mass relation (SHMR). By incorporating a missing fraction (incompleteness) component into the CSMF model (ICSMF), we use the incomplete stellar mass function and galaxy clustering to simultaneously constrain the missing fractions and the SHMRs. Tests based on mock galaxy catalogs with a few typical missing fraction models show that this method can accurately recover the missing fraction and the galaxy SHMR, hence providing us with reliable measurements of the galaxy stellar mass functions. We then apply it to the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS) over the redshift range of 0.1 < z < 0.8 for galaxies of M
* > 1011
M
⊙. We find that the sample completeness for BOSS is over 80% at z < 0.6 but decreases at higher redshifts to about 30%. After taking these completeness factors into account, we provide accurate measurements of the stellar mass functions for galaxies with

, as well as the SHMRs, over the redshift range 0.1 < z < 0.8 in this largest galaxy redshift survey.
Risk factors for bloodstream infections due to extended-spectrum β-lactamase producing Enterobacteriaceae in cancer patients
Authors: Ceken Sabahat , Iskender Gulsen , Gedik Habip , Duygu Fazilet , Mert Duygu , Kaya Ali Hakan , Altuntas Fevzi , Ertek Mustafa 
Published: May 2018

Introduction: Bloodstream infection (BSI) caused by Enterobacteriaceae is associated with mortality in cancer patients receiving chemotherapy. The aim of this study is to identify the risk factors and outcomes related to BSIs caused by extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae in cancer patients.
Methodology: Hematology/oncology patients, who were diagnosed with BSIs caused by Enterobacteriaceae by positive blood cultures were evaluated retrospectively. Patients were divided into two groups by ESBL-positive and ESBL-negative Enterobacteriaceae bacteremia. Patients' demographic features, underlying conditions, comorbidity, neutrophil count, duration of neutropenia, antibiotic use in the previous three months before infection, mechanical ventilation, steroid use, central venous catheter implementation, total parenteral nutrition (TPN), hospitalization in the past three months, stay in intensive care unit, quinolone prophylaxis, and history of infection with ESBL-producing Enterobactericeae were evaluated. Risk factors related to BSIs caused by ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae and mortality were assessed.
Results: A total of 122 patients were evaluated retrospectively. Quinolone propyhlaxis, TPN, infection with Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase positive ESBL-P Enterobacteriaceae during the previous three months, treatment with piperasillin-tazobactam or carbapenems in the previous three months were found to be independent risk factors for ESBL-P BSIs. Longer duration of neutropenia before BSI and complication at the beginning of BSI were found to be independent risk factors for mortality related to infection.
Conclusions: ESBL-producing Enterobacteriacea should be treated with an appropriate antibiotic that is associated with better outcomes in hematology/oncology patients with BSIs. History of broad-spectrum antibiotic use and stay in hospital in the previous three months should be taken into consideration upon commencing antibiotic therapy.
Interleukin-18 and its gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) influence chronic hepatitis C progression
Authors: Said Ebada M , Soliman Mohamed S , Shousha Hend Ibrahim , Rashed Mohamed Sanad , Elazm Abeer Abo , Aamer Rania Zakaria , Kamel Mai Hamed , Abdelsalam Fatma Mohamed 
Published: May 2018

Introduction: Interleukin-18 (IL-18) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine that is induced by hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. Inter-individual variations of IL-18 gene expression may alter HCV-associated liver injury. Variable single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been detected within IL-18 gene sequence. Quantitative assessment of IL-18 plasma level and detection of genotype frequencies of 2 functional polymorphisms of its gene (-607 C/A and -137 G/C) were done to assess their impact on the severity of chronic hepatitis C (CHC).
Methodology: Cases group (I) comprised 110 treatment naïve CHC Egyptian patients (78 Males and 32 Females, mean age = 40.7 ± 11.8 years) who underwent routine laboratory investigations. Assessment of plasma level of IL-18 was done by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), detection of IL-18 gene polymorphisms at positions -607 C/A and -137 G/C by polymerase chain reaction sequence specific polymorphism (PCR-SSP) analysis and Liver biopsy with METAVIR scoring were done. The control group (II) comprised 90 healthy participants.
Results: Plasma levels of IL-18 were significantly higher in cases than the control group. We found a statistically highly significant (p < 0.001) positive correlation between IL-18 plasma level and both METAVIR necro-inflammatory grade and fibrosis stage. The A/A allele at -607 position was significantly more frequent (p < 0.05) in patients with F ≤ 1.
Conclusions: Higher IL-18 plasma levels are found in CHC patients and positively correlate with the severity of liver disease. The presence of A/A allele at -607 position of IL-18 gene promoter is associated with milder liver disease.
The role of career concerns and workplace friendship in the job embeddedness–retention practices satisfaction link
Authors: Potgieter Ingrid L. , Coetzee Melinde , Ferreira Nadia 
Published: May 2018

Orientation: The demand for retaining top talent in the highly competitive and turbulent working environment has made retention research relevant and important. A central question in retention research revolves around the psychological factors that drive employees to remain at an organisation. Research purpose: This research explores the mediating and conditional (moderating) processes underlying the link between employees’ job embeddedness and satisfaction with organisational retention practices. Motivation for the study: Several research studies are available with regard to the association between job embeddedness and retention practices. However, there seems to be a paucity of information available on the psychological process of workplace friendship underlying the job embeddedness–retention practices satisfaction link, as well as the boundary conditions of this process as set by employees’ career concerns. Research design, approach and method: The study followed a cross-sectional, quantitative research design. Data were collected from a convenience sample of (N= 200) permanently employed staff members within a South African higher education institution. Moderated-mediation analysis was performed to achieve the research objective. Main findings: The findings indicated career concerns as important boundary conditions for the psychological (mediating) process of workplace friendship in the job embeddedness–retention practices satisfaction link. Practical/managerial implications: Enhancing work conditions and practices to support the evolving career development needs and concerns of valuable employees may be key to maintaining person–environment correspondence and retaining them. Contribution or value-add: The findings extend retention theory by adding new insights into under what circumstances employees’ job embeddedness positively influences their satisfaction with organisational retention practices. The study provides new evidence of the important role of employees’ career development needs in retention theory and practice.
What difference does difference make?
Authors: Dhawan Nikita , Varela Maria do Mar Castro 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
This paper engages with the formative concepts of diversity and intersectionality, inquiring how far they are used as tools for achieving (gender) justice that open up spaces for marginalised constituencies, including racial and religious minorities, colonial subjects, queers, and women, and how they unwittingly reify the hegemony of an entitled majority by failing to realise their emancipatory possibilities.
Bilateral comparison for determining the dynamic characteristic values of contact thermometers in fluids
Authors: Augustin Silke , Fröhlich Thomas , Schalles Marc , Krummeck Stefan 
Published: May 2018

Abstract. In applicable standards and sets of rules (VDI/VDE, 2014; DIN, 2010, 2017),
recommendations are made concerning the types of experiments for determining
the dynamic parameters in fluids (flowing water and flowing air) under
well-defined conditions. In the data sheets of the thermometer manufacturers,
quite different specifications can be found, such as time percentage values or
time constants. Only a few thermometer manufacturers specify the medium and
flow conditions under which these parameters have been determined. Above all,
it is not common practice to indicate a measurement uncertainty for the
dynamic parameters found. In Augustin et al. (2017), a first model for the
indication of the measurement uncertainty of dynamic parameters in flowing
air was presented. The present paper describes the results of a bilateral comparison made for
the first time for determining dynamic parameters in the laboratories of the
JUMO GmbH &amp; Co. KG Fulda company and at the Institute of Process
Measurement and Sensor Technology of the TU Ilmenau. In doing so, two type-N
thermocouples with different diameters were investigated in experimental
facilities with flowing water and flowing air. Subsequently, the dynamic
parameters found were compared with each other. The differences revealed
mainly resulted from plant-specific parameters.
High-Heeled Shoes and Bongo Drums: Ritual as a Dramatic Convention in Harold Pinter's The Lover
Authors: D'Ambrosi Joseph R. 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
How might playwrights use ritual as a dramatic convention, separate from its primitive history, to explore a character's place in society? This article analyzes Harold Pinter's employment of ritual in The Lover (1963) and argues that his characters rely on ritualized games to act upon their sexual desires in a “respectable” society—England before the sexual revolution. The Lover explores the lives of a married couple, Richard and Sarah, living in a suburb outside of London. Sarah is having an affair with her husband's alter ego, “Max.” Throughout the play, Richard and Sarah establish that their roles as spouse and lover must remain separate entities. They play a series of role-playing sex games until the rules of the ritual are violated and their arrangement is adjusted. By situating ritual as a dramatic convention within The Lover, Pinter demonstrates the lengths that people might go to survive within a restrictive environment.
Whispering Together in the Dark: Rereading Samuel Beckett's Homosociality through Harold Pinter
Authors: Botwick Aaron 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
In a 1960 letter to a friend, Harold Pinter wrote of Samuel Beckett, “I'll buy his goods hook, line, and sinker, because he leaves no stone unturned and no maggot lonely. He brings forth a body of beauty; his work is beautiful.” What do we learn if we take the word “beautiful” seriously? Rereading Waiting for Godot backward through Betrayal, this article argues that Beckett's landscape, typically read as a realization of postwar angst, is in fact one released of the pressures of contemporary living and for Pinter a homosocial Eden. Jerry's joke upon discovering the adultery—“Maybe I should have had an affair with him myself”—expresses his yearning for space where intellectual love can exist outside of heterosocial norms. It is in Waiting for Godot that Pinter finds this space.
Measuring College Students’ Perceptions to Tolerance Dimensions: Socio-Anthropological Study at Cairo
Authors: Faried Samah 
Published: May 2018

The study aimed to exploring the level of tolerance of students towards certain social and religious factors such as gender, ethnicity, caste, religion and religious sects, Also this study focused on how the Tolerance statue can be reformed from being just a value to be a way of life or a way of thinking which transfer it from being emotions manner to be intellectual and rational manner. Due to this assumption, this study supposes that one of the most direct ways to improve such tolerance and co-existence is through education for tolerance by having such knowledge (cognitive competence) that will help especially youth to develop the conscious mind, be more tolerant and avoid prejudices and stereotypes. This paper identifies two keys educational challenges to learn and teach tolerance: (1) discuss the social and cultural determination of tolerance (socio-culture environment and background) (2) identifies the reason of tolerance change recently at the Egyptian society. For achieving that, this study will depend on focus group and Scale as analysis tools for discussion both determinations and obstacles of socio-culture tolerance. Also, it is important to reveal students’ perception about tolerance after participated in some academic program at the university. Also this study will depend on content analysis to university curricula and activities. It is concluded that there are still a gab inside higher education towards the relationship between youth cognitive competence and inter-ethnic tolerance.
A new genus and two new species of cave-dwelling cyclopoids (Crustacea, Copepoda) from the epikarst zone of Thailand and up-to-date keys to genera and subgenera of the Bryocyclops and Microcyclops groups
Authors: Boonyanusith Chaichat , Sanoamuang La-orsri , Brancelj Anton 
Published: May 2018

Two obligate cave-dwelling species of cyclopoid copepods (Copepoda, Cyclopoida) were discovered inside caves in central Thailand. Siamcyclops cavernicolus gen. et sp. nov. was recognised as a member of a new genus. It resembles Bryocyclops jankowskajae Monchenko, 1972 from Uzbekistan (part of the former USSR). It differs from it by (1) lack of pointed triangular prominences on the intercoxal sclerite of the fourth swimming leg, (2) mandibular palp with three setae, (3) spine and setal formulae of swimming legs 3.3.3.2 and 5.5.5.5, respectively, and (4) specific shape of spermatophore. Metacyclops thailandicus sp. nov. resembles M. cushae Reid, 1991 from Louisiana (USA). It differs from it by (1) distal segment of the endopod of the fourth swimming leg with one apical spine, (2) the fifth swimming legs with one broad segment, (3) the spine formula of the distal segment of the exopod of the swimming legs 3.4.3.3, and (4) well developed anal operculum reaching articulation with caudal rami. Detailed descriptions of the habitats of the new species and up-to-date keys to the genera and subgenera of the Bryocyclops and Microcyclops groups are provided, along with an updated list of obligate groundwater species of Copepoda in Southeast Asia.
Effects of the Expanded Panama Canal on Vessel Size and Seaborne Transport
Authors: Carral Luis , Tarrio-Saavedra Javier , Castro-Santos Laura , Lamas-Galdo Isabel , Sabonge Rodolfo 
Published: May 2018

The Panama Canal (PC) expansion will have an impact on trading patterns and the manner in which goods are transported around the world. Once the third set of locks at the Canal began their operation, it was clear that the way in which vessels transited the canal and their maximum dimensions were going to change. As such, the expanded Canal will undoubtedly mean that a new kind of vessel will come into existence. In terms of dimensions, these Neopanamax ships will be adapted to how the locks operate. However, this effect will not be the same across the full range of traffic. After the first transit on 26 June 2016, it was possible to obtain access to transit data for Neopanamax ships. A thorough statistical study of these new datasets would involve analysing how these new locks impact the vessel size and seaborne transport.
Treaty ofKarlowitz (1699)
Authors: Roider Karl A. 
Published: May 2018

The Treaty of Karlowitz (1699) ended the great war between the Habsburg and Ottoman empires that began with the siege of Vienna in 1683. Prior to the war, in southeastern Europe the mighty power was the Ottoman Empire – Muslim, strong, aggressive, and posing a threat to Christian Europe. After the war, the Ottoman Empire lost over 100,000 square miles of territory and slowly but surely earned the reputation of a declining and even vanishing empire, one that became a target of opportunity for the mightier European great powers.The diplomatic principle providing the foundation of the Treaty of Karlowitz wasuti possidetis, meaning land would go to the power whose armies possessed it. Based on this principle, the Ottomans ceded to the Austrians the kingdom of Hungary and the principality of Transylvania, to the Russians the fortress of Azov (confirmed by treaty in 1700), and to the Venetians Dalmatia and the Greek Peloponnesus. Although the borders between the Christian powers and the Ottomans would undergo tweaks after later wars, the borders spelled out in the Treaty of Karlowitz served as the model upon which later adjustments were made.
Accurate Extraction of Charge Carrier Mobility in 4‐Probe Field‐Effect Transistors
Authors: Choi Hyun Ho , Rodionov Yaroslav I. , Paterson Alexandra F. , Panidi Julianna , Saranin Danila , Kharlamov Nikolai , Didenko Sergei I. , Anthopoulos Thomas D. , Cho Kilwon , Podzorov Vitaly 
Published: April 2018

AbstractCharge carrier mobility is an important characteristic of organic field‐effect transistors (OFETs) and other semiconductor devices. However, accurate mobility determination in FETs is frequently compromised by issues related to Schottky‐barrier contact resistance, that can be efficiently addressed by measurements in 4‐probe/Hall‐bar contact geometry. Here, it is shown that this technique, widely used in materials science, can still lead to significant mobility overestimation due to longitudinal channel shunting caused by voltage probes in 4‐probe structures. This effect is investigated numerically and experimentally in specially designed multiterminal OFETs based on optimized novel organic‐semiconductor blends and bulk single crystals. Numerical simulations reveal that 4‐probe FETs with long but narrow channels and wide voltage probes are especially prone to channel shunting, that can lead to mobilities overestimated by as much as 350%. In addition, the first Hall effect measurements in blended OFETs are reported and how Hall mobility can be affected by channel shunting is shown. As a solution to this problem, a numerical correction factor is introduced that can be used to obtain much more accurate experimental mobilities. This methodology is relevant to characterization of a variety of materials, including organic semiconductors, inorganic oxides, monolayer materials, as well as carbon nanotube and semiconductor nanocrystal arrays.
Recent Advances in Polyanhydride Based Biomaterials
Authors: Basu Arijit , Domb Abraham J. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThis review focusses on recent developments of polyanhydrides, a class of degradable synthetic biopolymers. Polyanhydrides have been used as carriers for controlled delivery of drugs. A polyanhydride copolymer of carboxyphenoxy propane and sebacic acid has been used in Gliadel brain tumor implants for the controlled delivery of carmustine or bis‐chloroethylnitrosourea. They are easy and inexpensive to synthesize (especially scale up). However, polyanhydrides possess a short shelf‐life. Hydrolytic cleavage and anhydride interchanges lower their molecular weights during storage. One of the highlights in recent developments of polyanhydride chemistry is the discovery of alternating copolymers having extended shelf‐life. Other highlights include their applications in biomedical electronics, vaccine delivery, and nano/micro particulate delivery systems. This review examines approaches for polyanhydride synthesis followed by their recent developments in biomedical applications.
Aligning Ag Nanowires by a Facile Bioinspired Directional Liquid Transfer: Toward Anisotropic Flexible Conductive Electrodes
Authors: Meng Lili , Bian Ruixin , Guo Cheng , Xu Bojie , Liu Huan , Jiang Lei 
Published: April 2018

AbstractRecent years have witnessed the booming development of transparent flexible electrodes (TFEs) for their applications in electronics and optoelectronic devices. Various strategies have thus been developed for preparing TFEs with higher flexibility and conductivity. However, little work has focused on TFEs with anisotropic conductivity. Here, a facile strategy of directional liquid transfer is proposed, guided by a conical fibers array (CFA), based on which silver nanowires (AgNWs) are aligned on a soft poly(ethylene terephthalate) substrate in large scale. After further coating a second thin layer of the conductive polymer poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate), a TFE with notable anisotropic conductivity and excellent optical transmittance of 95.2% is prepared. It is proposed that the CFA enables fine control over the receding of the three‐phase contact line during the dewetting process, where AgNWs are guided and aligned by the as‐generated directional stress. Moreover, anisotropic electrochemical deposition is enabled where the Cu nanoparticles deposit only on the oriented AgNWs, leading to a surface with anisotropic wetting behavior. Importantly, the approach enables alignment of AgNWs via multiple directions at one step. It is envisioned that the as‐developed approach will provide an optional approach for simple and low‐cost preparation of TFE with various functions.
Enhanced Exciton and Photon Confinement in Ruddlesden–Popper Perovskite Microplatelets for Highly Stable Low‐Threshold Polarized Lasing
Authors: Li Mingjie , Wei Qi , Muduli Subas Kumar , Yantara Natalia , Xu Qiang , Mathews Nripan , Mhaisalkar Subodh G. , Xing Guichuan , Sum Tze Chien 
Published: April 2018

AbstractAt the heart of electrically driven semiconductors lasers lies their gain medium that typically comprises epitaxially grown double heterostuctures or multiple quantum wells. The simultaneous spatial confinement of charge carriers and photons afforded by the smaller bandgaps and higher refractive index of the active layers as compared to the cladding layers in these structures is essential for the optical‐gain enhancement favorable for device operation. Emulating these inorganic gain media, superb properties of highly stable low‐threshold (as low as ≈8 µJ cm−2) linearly polarized lasing from solution‐processed Ruddlesden–Popper (RP) perovskite microplatelets are realized. Detailed investigations using microarea transient spectroscopies together with finite‐difference time‐domain simulations validate that the mixed lower‐dimensional RP perovskites (functioning as cladding layers) within the microplatelets provide both enhanced exciton and photon confinement for the higher‐dimensional RP perovskites (functioning as the active gain media). Furthermore, structure–lasing‐threshold relationship (i.e., correlating the content of lower‐dimensional RP perovskites in a single microplatelet) vital for design and performance optimization is established. Dual‐wavelength lasing from these quasi‐2D RP perovskite microplatelets can also be achieved. These unique properties distinguish RP perovskite microplatelets as a new family of self‐assembled multilayer planar waveguide gain media favorable for developing efficient lasers.