bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of Different Rearing Systems and Age on Bovans White Layer’s Performance, Egg Quality Traits and Synthesis of Heat Shock Protein 70 kDa
Authors: Baykalir Yasin , Simsek Ulku Gulcihan 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate the performance of laying hens and to determine possible age-related changes on external and internal quality traits of their eggs and synthesis of heat shock protein 70 kDa (HSP70) in the conventional cage and organic rearing systems. For this purpose, 4 different Bovans White hybrid flocks of the same age were monitored in each of these two systems for 52 weeks. While a total of 360 eggs were examined to determine the effects of rearing system and age (30 and 60 weeks) on egg quality traits, 48 liver tissue samples were examined for the analysis of HSP70. Egg production (hen-day) and dirty egg ratio were higher in the organic rearing system (P<0.05). The age at 50% yield, the age at peak of lay, and peak production rate were calculated as 156, 218.75 days and 95.98% in the conventional system, and 155.75, 201.50 days, and 96.56% in the organic system, respectively (P>0.05). While egg weight, albumen weight, yolk weight, shell weight, shape index, and yolk colour were higher in the organic system, the crude ash ratio of eggshell and shell ratio were higher in the conventional system (P<0.05). It was also found that the egg weight, albumen weight, yolk weight, shell weight, and the percentage of yolk were higher at 60 weeks of age (P<0.001). The percentage of shell and albumen, shape index, and yolk colour were higher at 30 weeks of age (P<0.001). The interactions between rearing system and age were statistically significant in terms of shell thickness, shape index, crude ash ratio, and yolk colour (P<0.001). Stress protein (HSP70) level was affected only by the rearing system and was higher in the organic system (P<0.001). As a result, the organic system can be considered as advantageous in terms of egg production and quality traits and the eggs of young hens exhibited better properties. The high level of HSP70 in the organic system could indicate that hens were affected by the environmental conditions at higher rates and/or the hens reared in the organic system had a stronger antioxidant defence system.
Batch removal of Pb (ΙΙ) ions from aqueous medium using gamma-Al2O3 nanoparticles/ethyl cellulose adsorbent fabricated via electrospinning method: An equilibrium isotherm and characterization study
Authors: Pouya Ehsan Sadeghi , Fatoorehchi Hooman , Foroughi-Dahr Mohammad 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
The aim of the present work is to study the efficiency of a biocompatible polymer-based adsorbent for the removal of Pb (II) ions whose devastating effects on people’s health is a matter of great concern from aqueous solution. In this study, ethyl cellulose and gamma-Al2O3 nanoparticles/ethyl cellulose electrospun adsorbents were prepared for the batch removal of Pb (II) ions from aqueous solution. Both samples were characterized using contact angle analysis, N2 adsorption/desorption technique, FT-IR and SEM. The Freundlich model (R-square = 0.935 and RMSD (%) = 6.659) and the Dubinin-Radushkevich model (R-square = 0.944 and RMSD (%) = 6.145) were found to be more reliable in predicting the experimental data from the adsorption of Pb (II) ions onto the electrospun gamma-Al2O3 nanoparticles/ethyl cellulose than the Langmuir model (R-square = 0.685 and RMSD (%) = 14.61) and also the Temkin model (R-square = 0.695 and RMSD (%) = 14.38).
Skin and Toe Resistance Mobilisation of Pile During Laboratory Static Load Test
Authors: Meyer Zygmunt , Żarkiewicz Krzysztof 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
This article shows the mathematical method to determine the lateral stress on the shaft and toe resistance of pile using the new approach. The method was originally invented by Meyer and Kowalow for the static load test. The approximation curve was used for the estimation of both settlement curve and toe resistance curve of the pile. The load applied at the head of the pile is balanced by the sum of two components: the resistance under the toe of the pile and the skin friction. Therefore, the settlement curve is compilation of two factors: the skin friction curve and the resistance under toe curve. The analysis was based on the verification of the methods using laboratory experiments, that is, static load tests. The results of the research allowed to determine the relationship between parameters of the Meyer–Kowalow curve. On the basis of the relationships, it was possible to determine the skin friction and the toe resistance of the pile. Mathematical analysis of curve parameters allowed to determine the influence of the toe resistance on the settlement.
Dynamic Essences: Absolute, Prospective, Retrospective, and Relative Modalities
Authors: Skrzypulec Błażej , Rojek Paweł 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Essential properties are usually thought as properties that things must always possess, whereas accidental properties are considered as changeable. In this paper, we challenge this traditional view. We argue that in some important cases, such as social or biological development, we face not only the change of accidents, but also the change of essences. To analyze this kind of change we propose an alternative view on the relations between the modalities and time. Some properties might be necessary or possible for a thing in a classical sense throughout its existence, whereas others might be necessary or possible only for some restricted periods. We distinguish therefore absolute, prospective, retrospective, and relative modalities. As we argue, these non-classical concepts of modality are useful in analysis of some puzzling case of seemingly changing essences.
Oeconomia Suffocato: The Origins of Antipathy Toward Free Enterprise Among Catholic Intelligentsia
Authors: Hyde Joseph J. , Block Walter E. 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
What is the source of the antipathy of Catholic intellectuals toward free markets? That is the issue addressed in the present paper. We see the antecedents of this viewpoint of theirs in terms of secular humanism, Marxism and mistaken views of morality and economics. One of the explanations for this phenomenon are the teachings of St Augustine. He greatly distrusted the City of Man, seeing it as anarchic and chaotic. In contrast, his City of God is more orderly, but far removed from the hurly burly of free enterprise. Another source of the rejection of capitalism on the part of Catholic intellectuals is liberation theology, which is Marxism minus the atheism of that doctrine. Both economic and cultural Marxism have played a role in the alienation of such intellectuals from the tenets of laissez faire capitalism. Are there any counter currents? Yes, the School of Salamanca, which has been all but forgotten in this community.
Multi-Level Challenges in a Long-Term Human Space Program. The Case of Manned Mission to Mars
Authors: Szocik Konrad , Tkacz Bartłomiej 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Yuri Gagarin has started the first time in human history the manned mission in space when his Vostok aircraft successfully achieved Earth orbit in 1961. Since his times, human space programs did not develop too much, and the biggest achievement still remain landing on the Moon. Despite this stagnation, there are serious plans to launch manned mission to Mars including human space settlement. In out paper, we are going to identify and discuss a couple of challenges that – in our opinion – will be a domain of every human deep-space program.
Spatial distribution of urban policy funds in Germany and its determinants
Authors: Radzimski Adam 
Published: June 2018

AbstractArea-based interventions are one of the ways of addressing problems of disadvantaged urban neighbourhoods. In this paper we take the example of the German urban development support scheme (Städtebauförderung) with the purpose of determining the factors behind the spatial distribution of funds from this policy. The results show a positive association with unemployment rate, and a negative one with the dynamics of population and jobs. This suggests that the allocation of funds to a large extent resembled the distribution of structurally weak areas in Germany. Using geographically weighted regression, we found spatial differences in the goodness of fit of the model as well as in coefficients of explanatory variables. Finally, we also point out some differences between specific programmes forming part of the urban development support scheme.
Mixed use and diversity as a New Urbanism principle guiding the renewal of post-industrial districts
Authors: Cysek-Pawlak Monika Maria 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
The revival of post-industrial areas, understood as a factor determining contemporary urban development, is a key process in regeneration. Such areas attract strategic renewal projects, because despite their perfect location next to city centres, they have long been inaccessible to city residents. The backbone of the projects is provided by programmes laying out the future functions of such areas and their target users. In the past, mono-functional districts were popular but their numerous weaknesses have meant that mixed use and diversity are increasingly being introduced into urban areas today. Mixed use and diversity underlie the urban design movement known as the New Urbanism. This article assesses the role of mixed-use and diversity as the New Urbanism principle guiding the renewal of post-industrial areas. It is based on desk research and a comparative analysis of two case studies: the Paris Rive Gauche (France) and the New Centre of Lodz (Poland). The article concludes that regeneration based on the New Urbanism principle of functional and user diversity leads to an effective renewal of run-down urban areas. The applicability of other New Urbanism principles stressing the need to ensure harmony between an urban design strategy and the human scale in the revival of urban neighbourhoods is also worth considering in the long term.
Introducción
Authors: V. Londoño Capitán de Fragata José 
Published: June 2018

El 9 de julio de 1975 por Resolución Número 0238 del Comando de la Armada, se creó el Centro de Investigaciones Oceanográficas e Hidrográficas (CIOH) de la Armada de Colombia. En un principio funcionó como Departamento de Ciencias del Mar de la Escuela Naval, pero más tarde se vió la necesidad de integrar mejor los esfuerzos de investigación en las diversas disciplinas e interdisciplinas de las Ciencias del Mar. Se constituyó integrando las instalaciones y elementas de aquellas dependencias que realizaban estudios diversos en Oceanografía e Hidrografía, tomando como infraestructura básica el Departamento de Ciencias del Mar de la Escuela Naval.
El primer Director del Centro de Investigaciones Oceanográficas e Hidrográficas fue el Señor CFCE ALVARO CAMPOS CASTAÑEDA Oficial del Cuerpo Ejecutivo, especializado en Electrónica en Monterrey California, U. S. A. Bajo su Dirección el CIOH empezó a dar sus primeros pasos en cuanto a su organización y trabajo investigativo.
DC TO DC CONVERTER UNTUK SISTEM CHARGER ACCUMULATOR OTOMATIS ENERGI SOLAR CELL
Authors: Amiruddin Muhammad 
Published: June 2018

Solar cell adalah salah satu penghasil energi terbaharukan. Untuk memberikan energi yang stabil, sistem memerlukan sebuah accumulator. Untuk mengoptimalkan umur dan efisiensi accumulator, maka dibutuhkan metode pengisian accumulator yang baik. Tegangan keluaran solar cell berubah-ubah sesuai dengan kondisi lingkungan khusunya sinar matahari, maka dalam penelitian ini dirancang sebuah sistem DC to DC converter yang menggabungkan kerja full bridge dan boost converter yang mampu menaikkan dan menurunkan tegangan masukan agar menghasilkan tegangan yang stabil sesuai dengan kebutuhan tegangan pengisian accumulator 13.8 sampai dengan 14.7 Volt. Pada hasil pengujian dengan pemberian beban, tercatat bahwa efisiensi maksimal sebesar 86.7% pada pengujian dengan beban 4.6 ohm, efisiensi maksimal sebesar 87.6% pada pengujian dengan beban 7.1 ohm, efisiensi maksimal sebesar 95.3% pada pengujian dengan beban 14 ohm.
Ensino da língua portuguesa para alunos surdos por meio de jogo: uma ação do PIBID Letras/LIBRAS/EaD/UFGD
Authors: Rizzo Jakellinny Gonçalves de Souza , Florenciano Karla Alexandra Benites , Pereira Rutnéia De Ávila 
Published: June 2018

Objetiva-se com este trabalho apresentar a criação e a aplicabilidade de um jogo que auxilie no ensino aprendizagem da Língua Portuguesa (LP) para estudantes surdos. Do qual, foi elaborado por acadêmicas do curso de licenciatura em Letras LIBRAS da Faculdade de Educação a Distância – EaD da Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados (UFGD), apoiadas pelo Programa Institucional de Bolsas de Iniciação à Docência (PIBID) que desenvolve o subprojeto Letras LIBRAS em uma escola da rede pública estadual, no município de Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul. Inicialmente serão apresentadas as atividades desenvolvidas, em seguida os métodos e na sequência os resultados. Percebe-se, que a utilização de jogos midiáticos é uma ferramenta significativa e que contribui positivamente no processo de ensino aprendizagem de LP para estudantes surdos.
Empreendimento, comunidade e território: três objetos de incubação em economia solidária
Authors: Pires Sanyo Drummond 
Published: June 2018

O presente artigo se propõe a construir uma referência conceitual para as ações de incubadoras universitárias em economia solidária, a partir da diferenciação de objetos e de objetivos que essas incubadoras apresentam em relação às incubadoras tradicionais, e das diferentes formas de avaliar os resultados das ações de extensão desenvolvidas nessas incubadoras. Observa-se que diferente das incubadoras tradicionais, o desenvolvimento de empreendimentos não se configura como o objetivo principal da incubadora, mas sim o desenvolvimento de espaços comunitários e articulações territoriais que possibilitem o fomento de práticas de busca de soluções coletivas para problemas econômicos, baseados na solidariedade e gestão coletiva.
PANDANGAN HUKUM EKONOMI ISLAM TENTANG PELAKSANAAN SEWA MENYEWA TANAMAN POHON KELAPA DI DESA SEPAK KECAMATAN AMAHAI KABUPATEN MALUKU TENGAH
Authors: Sopalatu Risna Kanurna 
Published: June 2018

Sewa menyewa (al-ijarah) jasa atau imbalan adalah akad yang di lakukan atas dasar suatu manfaat dengan imbalan jasa. Ijarah adalah istilah dalam fikih islam yang berarti sesuatu di sewakan untuk di ambil manfaat dengan jalan penggantian atau suatu kegiatan untuk mendapatkan manfaat atas suatu barang tanpa mengurangi zat atas suatu barang. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pandangan hukum ekonomi islam tentang pelaksanaan sewa menyewa tanaman pohon kelapa yang di lakukan oleh masyarakat Desa Sepa kecamatan amahai Kabupaten Maluku Tengah. Kemudian kegunaan penelitian ini yaitu bermanfaat untuk memberikan sumbangsih bagi ilmu pengetahuan khususnya dalam bidang ekonomi islam dan sebagai bahan rijukan serta pertimbangan kelak, jika menemukan hal yang ada kaitannya berhubungan dengan penelitian ini. Jenis penelitian ini adalah kwalitatif deskriptif, maka penelitian ini di maksudkan untuk menggambarkan, mendepenelitiankan atau melukiskan suatu keadaan, gejala atau kelompok tertentu secara terperinci.Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik Observasi dan wawancara. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah masyarakat desa Sepa sebanyak 15 Orang yang paling mengetahui tentang pelaksanaan sewa menyewa tanaman pohon kelapa yang dipilih dengan menggunakan teknik snowball sampling. Hasil penelitian ini yaitu pelaksanaan sewa menyewa tanaman pohon kelapa yang dilakukan oleh masyarakat Desa Sepa Kecamatan Amahai Kabupaten Maluku Tengah telah sesuai dengan hukum ekonomi Islam karena menyewakan buah dari tanaman untuk diambil manfaatnya dibolehkan dalam Islam sebagaimana suatu materi yang bervolusi secara bertahap hukumnya sama dengan manfaat seperti buah pada pepohonan, susu dan bulu pada kambing
Proses Peradilan Dan Arti Sebuah Keyakinan Hakim dalam Memutus Suatu Perkara Di Pengadilan Agama Manado
Authors: Harun Nurlaila 
Published: June 2018

The judicial process and the meaning of a Judge's belief in carrying out the functions and authority of the judiciary to enforce law and justice, through its verdict it is desirable that the Judge is able to apply the right and fair law, can provide education and lessons to the litigants and the community, give corrections firmly, repressively assert, can fabricate the future society order, and must be able to play a role in reconciling the litigants, who in doing these roles stick to the Code of Conduct and the Judicial Code of Conduct for Judges That Judges may participate in legal, either through the actualization of the existence of self in the midst of society, and by seeing the existence of himself as law enforcement officers. The judge should not take the wrong decision, so the innocent defendant must be sentenced, or the accused is actually guilty but released. However, according to the author, the judge should not hesitate to be convinced in making a decision in a decision and the decision may take the form of free judgment, the independent verdict of all charges, and sentence or punishment for the defendant.
A Physical and Psychological Approach to Managing Fatigue in Myasthenia Gravis: A Pilot Study
Authors: Farrugia Maria E. , Di Marco Marina , Kersel Denyse , Carmichael Caroline 
Published: June 2018

Background Fatigue in myasthenia gravis (MG) is common and difficult to manage. Unlike myasthenic weakness it is not amenable to drug therapies. Objective Our primary aim was to investigate whether a combination of physical and psychological therapy would help address symptoms of fatigue in MG patients, who have stable disease but residual problematic fatigue. Our secondary aim was to quantitate fatigue by applying different scores and to ascertain which would be most relevant to apply in MG. Methods We recruited 10 MG patients with stable disease and who suffer from fatigue. Nine of these 10 patients participated in a 10-week program that involved physical and psychological intervention. We quantified their fatigue using the modified fatigue impact scale (MFIS), the visual analogue fatigue scale (VAFS) and the fatigue severity scale (FSS) at the start of the study, at various intervals during the program and 3 months later. Results During the program, there was a small improvement in the physical and psychosocial subscale of the MFIS. There was a significant improvement ( p < 0.01) in the VAFS at the end of the program. No clear improvement was noted in FSS. Three months later, all fatigue scores declined to baseline but 50% of patients had made some life-style changes. Conclusions This is a small pilot study, which utilized a combined approach with physical and psychological therapy, and showed some benefit in improving fatigue in patients with MG. The improvement was small and unsustained. Because of the small patient cohort, one cannot derive any firm conclusions and a larger study is required to investigate this further.
Receptionists’ role in new approaches to consultations in primary care: a focused ethnographic study
Authors: Brant Heather Dawn , Atherton Helen , Bikker Annemieke , Porqueddu Tania , Salisbury Chris , McKinstry Brian , Campbell John , Gibson Andy , Ziebland Sue 
Published: June 2018

BackgroundThe receptionist is pivotal to the smooth running of general practice in the UK, communicating with patients and booking appointments.AimThe authors aimed to explore the role of the receptionist in the implementation of new approaches to consultations in primary care.Design and settingThe authors conducted a team-based focused ethnography. Three researchers observed eight general practices across England and Scotland between June 2015 and May 2016.MethodInterviews were conducted with 39 patients and 45 staff in the practices, all of which had adopted one or more methods (telephone, email, e-consultation, or internet video) for providing an alternative to face-to-face consultation.ResultsReceptionists have a key role in facilitating patient awareness regarding new approaches to consultations in primary care, while at the same time ensuring that patients receive a consultation appropriate to their needs. In this study, receptionists’ involvement in implementation and planning for the introduction of alternative approaches to face-to-face consultations was minimal, despite the expectation that they would be involved in delivery.ConclusionA shared understanding within practices of the potential difficulties and extra work that might ensue for reception staff was lacking. This might contribute to the low uptake by patients of potentially important innovations in service delivery. Involvement of the wider practice team in planning and piloting changes, supporting team members through service reconfiguration, and providing an opportunity to discuss and contribute to modifications of any new system would ensure that reception staff are suitably prepared to support the introduction of a new approach to consultations.
“Direct” Gas-phase Metallicity in Local Analogs of High-redshift Galaxies: Empirical Metallicity Calibrations for High-redshift Star-forming Galaxies
Authors: Bian Fuyan , Kewley Lisa J. , Dopita Michael A. 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
We study the direct gas-phase oxygen abundance using the well-detected auroral line [O iii]λ4363 in the stacked spectra of a sample of local analogs of high-redshift galaxies. These local analogs share the same location as z ∼ 2 star-forming galaxies on the [O iii]λ5007/Hβ versus [N ii]λ6584/Hα Baldwin–Phillips–Terlevich diagram. This type of analog has the same ionized interstellar medium (ISM) properties as high-redshift galaxies. We establish empirical metallicity calibrations between the direct gas-phase oxygen abundances (

) and the N2 (log([N ii]λ6584/Hα))/O3N2 (log(([O iii]λ5007/Hβ)/([N ii]λ6584/Hα))) indices in our local analogs. We find significant systematic offsets between the metallicity calibrations for our local analogs of high-redshift galaxies and those derived from the local H ii regions and a sample of local reference galaxies selected from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS). The N2 and O3N2 metallicities will be underestimated by 0.05–0.1 dex relative to our calibration, if one simply applies the local metallicity calibration in previous studies to high-redshift galaxies. Local metallicity calibrations also cause discrepancies of metallicity measurements in high-redshift galaxies using the N2 and O3N2 indicators. In contrast, our new calibrations produce consistent metallicities between these two indicators. We also derive metallicity calibrations for R23 (log(([O iii]λλ4959,5007+[O ii]λλ3726,3729)/Hβ)), O32(log([O iii]λλ4959,5007/[O ii]λλ3726,3729)),

[O iii]λ5007/Hβ), and log([Ne iii]λ3869/[O ii]λ3727) indices in our local analogs, which show significant offset compared to those in the SDSS reference galaxies. By comparing with MAPPINGS photoionization models, the different empirical metallicity calibration relations in the local analogs and the SDSS reference galaxies can be shown to be primarily due to the change of ionized ISM conditions. Assuming that temperature structure variations are minimal and ISM conditions do not change dramatically from z ∼ 2 to z ∼ 5, these empirical calibrations can be used to measure relative metallicities in galaxies with redshifts up to z ∼ 5.0 in ground-based observations.