bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predictive analytics of oil-based non-newtonian nanofluid’s viscosity with multi-layer perceptron neural networks
Authors: Ahmed Anas , Wong Felicia Sheun Meng , Ilyas Suhaib Umer , Lock Serene Sow Mun , Alsaady Mustafa , Abdulrahman Aymn 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Nanoparticle addition in a base fluid known as nanofluid is being applied extensively in today’s technology due to its superior thermal and viscous properties. However, experimental studies on new nanofluid combinations to determine their thermophysical properties require ample cost and time. Hence, artificial neural networks are suggested in this research. This study developed two multi-layer perceptron (MLP) neural network models to predict the viscosity of two different oil-based non-Newtonian nanofluids, i.e., ZnO-Coconut oil- and Cu-Gear oil-based nanofluids. This viscous property was chosen as the output variable of the ANN models due to its remarkable effects on heat transfer and fluid flow. The viscosity of nanofluid depends on various factors such as temperature, nanoparticle concentration, and shear rate. Therefore, These three parameters were chosen as the models’ input variables. Experimental data was obtained from the existing studies, and machine learning algorithms were applied to predict viscosity. For each nanofluid, 14 network architectures were established by varying hidden layers and number of neurons to find the optimal topology of the model. Statistical parameters such as R2, MSE, RMSE, and MAPE were used to evaluate the performance of the models. Results indicated that the evaluation criteria values obtained for neural network models signified that the developed models could predict viscosity values accurately. The ANN-predicted outputs showed an excellent agreement with the actual experimental data values.
Graphene nanoplatelets inclusion effects on mechanical properties of the hybrid kevlar/basalt fiber reinforced epoxy composites
Authors: Abdo Atban Rafea , Bulut Mehmet , Sulaiman Bahjat Hardan , Bozkurt Ömer Yavuz , Erkliğ Ahmet 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This study experimentally examined the effects of hybridizing Basalt and Kevlar fibers on the tensile, and flexural performance of composite materials with the inclusion of Graphene nanoplatelets (GnPs). Various hybrid composites were fabricated, incorporating Basalt and Kevlar fiber composites with 1, 3, and 5 wt% of GnPs as well as without GnPs, as well as hybrid composites featuring different weight content of GnPs reinforcing with with Basalt and Kevlar fibers. The findings of this study indicated that the mechanical properties of epoxy resin were significantly enhanced through the synergistic effects of hybridization with basalt and Kevlar fibers, as well as the incorporation of graphene nanoplatelets (GnPs). The significant increasing in mechanical properties was attributed to the strong interfacial interactions between the epoxy matrix and GnPs nanoparticles, which facilitate improved stress transfer from the fibers and nanoparticles to the matrix. This enhanced stress transfer capability accounts for the superior resistance to fiber pullout observed in composites reinforced with GnPs compared to those without nanoparticles.
Nonlinear free vibration analysis of magneto-electro-elastic laminated nanoplates with flexomagnetoelectric effect in hygrothermal environments
Authors: Xu Liang-liang , Zheng Yu-fang , Chen Chang-ping 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Magnetoelectroelastic (MEE) materials, as smart composites consisting of piezoelectric and piezomagnetic phases, exhibit distinct phenomena: the piezoelectric phase generates a flexoelectric effect, and the piezomagnetic phase induces a flexomagnetic effect. Hence, understanding the influence of the flexomagnetoelectric (FME) effect on the mechanical characteristics of these materials during their application is crucial. This article investigates the nonlinear free oscillation response of MEE laminated nanoplates, considering the FME effect and elastic foundation, in hygrothermal environments. The derivation of the nonlinear dominant equations for the MEE laminated nanoplate with hydrothermal environments has been accomplished, grounded in the principles of Hamilton’s principle, nonlocal strain gradient theory (NSGT), and the higher-order shear deformation theory (HSDT). Employing the Airy stress function serves as a means to handle the complexities arising from the nonlinear nonlocal terms. Moreover, the control equations are tackled by a combined approach that incorporates both the two-step perturbation method (TPM) and the Lindstedt-Poincare perturbation method for their solution. The TPM can obviate the necessity for making hypotheses or conjectures concerning the configuration function. Specifically, the effects of FME effects, NSGT parameters, elastic foundation parameters, dimensional parameters of the nanoplate, and various physical field parameters on the nonlinear free oscillation properties of the MEE nanoplate are meticulously examined. The findings of this study demonstrate significant application potential in the fields of nanosensors, actuators, and energy harvesters.
Kinetic modeling and iso-conversional analysis of glass-ceramics of selenium doped with carbon nanomaterials
Authors: Yadav Sachin Kumar , Pal Shiv Kumar , Dahshan A , Mehta Neeraj 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This study addresses a gap in understanding the impact of carbon nanomaterial doping on the crystallization kinetics of selenium glass, particularly when utilizing model-free iso-conversional methods. Previous research has explored the properties of elemental selenium; however, the role of dopants like multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and graphene in altering glass-to-crystal phase transitions at non-isothermal conditions has not been thoroughly analyzed. In the context of selenium glass crystallization, multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), and graphene may alter the crystal growth kinetics significantly during glass/crystal phase transformation. Keeping in mind these facts, the present endeavor focuses on analyzing the doping effect of MWCNT and Graphene on the non-isothermal kinetic reaction mechanism of Selenium measured with differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) at different heating rates. The model-free relations such as Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose (KAS), Flynn-Wall-Ozawa (FWO), Tang, and Straink methods were applied using iso-conversional approach for determining the activation energy of amorphous to crystalline transformation as well as the Avrami index. Iso-conversional study yields adequate activation energy as a function of the conversion coefficient. We have observed the decreasing behavior of E

c
(α) along with the extent of crystallization of four iso-conversional methods. The kinetic triplet parameters (i.e., activation energy E

α
, rate constant K

α
, and order parameter n

α
) have been calculated using the VHR method derived from the Johnson–Mehl–Avrami (JMA) rate equation. The value of ‘n’ is reduced with the rise in the value of the extent of conversion α which indicates the reduction in the growth rate of crystallization because of its saturation. This study provides novel insights into the thermal stability and kinetic mechanisms within doped selenium glass-ceramics, expanding the potential applications of chalcogenide glasses in phase-change memory and other fields.
Exploring the structural, optical, magnetic, and antibacterial characteristics of hydrothermally synthesized α-Fe2O3/rGO nanocomposites
Authors: Abedi Seyyedeh Parisa , Rahmani Mohammad Bagher , Rezaii Farkhondeh 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Hematite (α-Fe2O3) and its composites have garnered significant interest due to their outstanding features, making them promising candidates for a wide range of applications in photocatalysis, water splitting, gas sensing, and antibacterial fields. This study describes the synthesis of hematite and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanocomposites via a facile hydrothermal method, producing three samples using 0.018 g (FG1), 0.036 g (FG2), and 0.072 g (FG3) of graphene oxide (GO). The prepared nanopowders were subjected to versatile characterizations for studying their morphological, structural, optical, and magnetic characteristics. The growth of the rhombohedral structure of hematite was confirmed by analyzing x-ray diffraction patterns, and the production of nanocomposites was verified by Raman and infrared spectroscopy. According to electron microscope images, increasing the content of GO in the precursor solution caused the change of the morphology from large rhombus and cubic shapes with sizes of about 180 nm to worm-like nanoparticles with a length of about 90 nm and a mean diameter of 25 nm. The magnetic hysteresis loops of the composite samples reflect their ferromagnetic characteristics, with saturation magnetization (Ms) values of 0.02235, 0.14990, and 0.0608 emu g−1 for FG1, FG2, and FG3 samples, respectively. Lastly, the antibacterial activity of the nanocomposites was screened against both Staphylococcus aureus (Gram-positive) and Escherichia coli (Gram-negative) bacteria, and the results indicated that the growth of both bacterial strains was inhibited by all synthesized nanoparticles.
The effects of strain and interface engineering on the PbS/PbSe/CsPbI3 heterojunction
Authors: Lin Zhonghai , Liu Min , Wang Pingjian , Cao Yanjun , Hao Yaming , Qiao Zhuhui 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This paper investigates the PbS/PbSe/CsPbI3 heterojunction based on first-principles calculations within the framework of density functional theory and demonstrates the effects of different strains on the structural, electronic, optical properties. PbS/PbSe, PbSe/CsPbI3 and PbS/CsPbI3 all possess relatively low lattice mismatch rates (2.3%, 2.4% and 4.6%) and similar octahedral structures. The PbS/CsPbI3 heterojunction reduces carrier transfer losses between different materials. By serving as the functional layer, PbSe can alter the electron–hole recombination losses at the heterostructure interface, broaden the spectral response range, and change the electronic density around the atoms at the heterostructure interface. All three heterojunctions are direct band gap semiconductors (ΔEg: PbS/PbSe-PbSe/CsPbI3-PbS/CsPbI3, 0.632–0.856–0.523 eV). The spectral comparison shows that PbS/PbSe/CsPbI3 > PbSe/CsPbI3 > CsPbI3, indicating that PbS/PbSe/CsPbI3 exhibits superior stability, charge density transfer, and optical performance with a redshift in absorption spectra. Additionally, the band gap and optical properties of PbS/PbSe/CsPbI3 can be adjusted by applying strain, thereby affecting its optical absorption intensity. This work provides a theoretical foundation for improving the performance of PbS/PbSe/CsPbI3 heterojunction as visible-near infrared optoelectronic materials.
Quantum implementation of bilinear interpolation algorithm based on NEQR and center alignment
Authors: Cai Shuo , Zhou Ri-Gui 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In the field of quantum image processing, scaling techniques have been extensively studied as a critical subfield. Predominantly, these techniques leverage bilinear interpolation method. However, the current quantum bilinear interpolation algorithm remains in its initial version, resulting in a significant flaw: the centers of the source image and the interpolated image are misaligned. This flaw not only leads to results identical to nearest neighbor interpolation during integer multiple image scaling-down but also causes excessive qubit usage. To tackle these issues, our study introduces an innovative bilinear interpolation method with the following key advancements. Firstly, by integrating the NEQR representation with an enhanced bilinear interpolation from OpenCV, the central misalignment is effectively rectified. Secondly, resolving the central misalignment enables our method to prevent the degradation to nearest neighbor interpolation during integer multiple image reduction. Finally, based on the characteristics of optimization algorithms and quantum computing, along with simpler quantum modules and quantum convolution algorithms, the steps of the quantum image scaling algorithm have been optimized to reduce circuit complexity. Through a series of simulation experiments and complexity analyses, it has been demonstrated that our method, compared to the initial bilinear interpolation method, exhibits lower circuit complexity and significantly reduces qubit usage.
Persistent oscillations in correlation function: from the perspective of past quantum states
Authors: Xu Qing , Shen Xiaobo , Yu Haijun 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The recent past quantum state formalism (2013 Phys. Rev. Lett.
111, 160401) indicates that the outcome probability of the measurement performed on a quantum system at time t shows dependence on the measurement events recorded until that time, and is also revised by the outcomes acquired after time t. We apply the past quantum state formalism to calculate the three-time correlation function of a radiation field and to analyze the conditional dynamics on the pre- and postselection by the first and last detection events. The persistent oscillations in the three-time field correlation function, which cannot be well understood by the usual quantum regression theorem, are straightforwardly explained by the probabilistic knowledge of the past and the future through the past quantum state reasoning.
First-principles investigation of structural, mechanical, and electronic properties of AMgX3 (A=Ga, In, Tl, and X=Cl, Br, I) perovskites for optoelectronic applications
Authors: Apon Imtiaz Ahamed , Hasan, Md Ratul , Islam Mafidul 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Metal-halide perovskites have emerged as a revolutionary material in solar energy technology, offering exceptional light-harvesting efficiency, eco-friendly characteristics, and low production costs. These materials are paving the way for next-generation photovoltaic devices with their outstanding optoelectronic properties and scalability for commercial applications. To determine the various features of the halide perovskites AMgX3 (where A stands for Ga, In, Tl, and X for Cl, Br, and I), we utilized DFT with the (Generalized Gradient Approximation) GGA-PBE (Perdew–Burke–Ernzerhof) exchange and correlation approximation to examine the structural, mechanical, electronic, and optical behaviors of the perovskite materials. Structurally, these materials exhibit cubic stability, vital for high-performance durability in photovoltaic devices. Mechanically, the calculated elastic constants verify their strength, suitable for environments where mechanical stability is critical, such as in aerospace electronics. The band gap range (1.22–3.69 eV) shows how versatile the materials are. TlMgI3 is suitable for infrared (IR) detection, whereas GaMgCl3 and InMgCl3 are optimal for ultraviolet (UV) applications. These findings support applications from IR sensors to UV photo detectors. The compounds’ optical properties, such as their high absorption coefficients, dielectric constants, and reflectivity, show how well they can collect and send light, which is important for solar cells and LEDs. The mechanical and optoelectronic properties collectively enhance their suitability for photonic and thermoelectric devices, offering scalable solutions for renewable energy and advanced photonics applications.
Measuring the Time Variation of the Fine-structure Constant with Quasars Detected by LAMOST
Authors: Wei 魏 Jin-Nan 晋南 , Chen 陈 Rui-Jie 睿劼 , Wei 魏 Jun-Jie 俊杰 , López-Corredoira Martín , Wu 吴 Xue-Feng 雪峰 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The [O iii] λλ4960, 5008 emission lines in the optical spectra of galaxies and quasars have been widely used to investigate the possible variation of the fine-structure constant α over cosmic time. In this work, we utilize the Large Sky Area Multi-object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope (LAMOST) quasar survey, for the first time, to measure the relative α variation Δα/α in time through the [O iii] doublet method. From the LAMOST Data Release 9 quasar catalog, we refine a sample of 209 quasar spectra with strong and narrow [O iii] emission lines over a redshift range of 0 < z < 0.8. Analysis on all of the 209 spectra obtains Δα/α = (0.5 ± 3.7) × 10−4, which suggests that there is no evidence of varying α on the explored cosmological timescales. Assuming a linear variation, the mean rate of change in Δα/α is limited to be (−3.4 ± 2.4) × 10−13 yr−1 in the last 7.0 Gyr. While our LAMOST-based constraint on Δα/α is not competitive with those of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) quasar observations, our analysis serves to corroborate the results of SDSS with another independent survey.
A 10-year journey towards clinical translation of an implantable endovascular BCI a keynote lecture given at the BCI society meeting in Brussels
Authors: Oxley Thomas J 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In the rapidly evolving field of brain–computer interfaces (BCIs), a novel modality for recording electrical brain signals has quietly emerged over the past decade. The technology is endovascular electrocorticography (ECoG), an innovation that stands alongside well-established methods such as electroencephalography, traditional ECoG, and single/multi-unit activity recording. This system was inspired by advancements in interventional cardiology, particularly the integration of electronics into various medical interventions. The breakthrough led to the development of the Stentrode system, which employs stent-mounted electrodes to record electrical brain activity for applications in a motor neuroprosthesis. This perspective explores four key areas in our quest to bring the Stentrode BCI to market: the critical patient need for autonomy driving our efforts, the hurdles and achievements in assessing BCI performance, the compelling advantages of our unique endovascular approach, and the essential steps for clinical translation and product commercialization.
Protection of the plasma facing components in the WEST tokamak, progress and development in view of ITER
Authors: Houry M. , Aumeunier M-H. , Corre Y. , Courtois X. , Mitteau R. , Loarer TH. , Dubus L. , Gauthier E. , Gerardin J. , Gorse V. , Grelier E. , Juven A. , Malard PH. , Moncada V. , Tichit Q. , Vives S. , Gaspar J. ,   the WEST Team
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The protection of the inner walls of magnetic confinement fusion research reactors is a crucial issue, particularly in this research context where plasma scenarios are explored to reach high power performance, thus leading to high temperature of the plasma facing components (PFCs), possibly close to their technological limitation. The aim is to protect the PFCs from damage during experimental campaigns, whilst enabling the expansion of the operational domain toward long duration and high power performances. With nearly 35 years of operation of Tore Supra and now WEST, CEA’s magnetic fusion research institute, the IRFM, has deployed a system combining thermal instrumentation, modeling of the heat transfer and photonic emission, signal processing and understanding of the physics of plasma-wall interaction to provide an optimized and controlled protection of the PFCs in metallic environment (with tungsten, bore, copper and stainless steel materials). In this context, the WEST Tokamak is a relevant Fusion facility capable of combining steady-state (Vloop ∼ 0) 1000 s long pulse operation with up to 6 MW m−2 on its divertor together with an advanced first wall protection system that could be deployed on ITER and future Fusion machines. The paper describes the wall protection system installed on WEST, highlighting its particular features and recent results.
Enhancing livelihood resilience through hybrid ecological compensation: evidence from Potatso National Park, China
Authors: Diao Yu , Shao Jiacheng , Wang Jinnan , Zhang Qingyu 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Balancing biodiversity conservation and the socioeconomic well-being of ethnic minority communities presents a significant challenge in protected areas (PAs). Ecological compensation (EC) is a crucial policy instrument for improving the livelihood of affected residents, but its application in ethnic minority-dominant regions is complicated by cultural differences and fragile economic foundations. This study evaluates the impact of an innovative hybrid EC mechanism, integrating cash payment, employment support, and education incentive, on the livelihood resilience of ethnic minority groups and identifies the most cost-effective mechanism. Using field data from rural households in Potatso National Park, analyzed through hierarchical multiple regression and scenario simulations within the Sustainable Livelihood Framework, the study finds that: (i) hybrid EC mechanisms significantly improve overall livelihoods, with households receiving employment support and education incentive showing 0.074 and 0.052 higher average livelihood score, respectively (on a 0–1 scale); (ii) different EC types have varied effects across households; and (iii) hybrid EC mechanisms increase social benefits by 6.97%–37.65%, with only a 1.30%–20.15% cost increase compared to baseline scenario. The findings highlight the need for diversified and optimized EC policies to improve livelihood resilience and maximize cost-effectiveness in PAs.
Quantum cryptographic protocols with dual messaging system via 2D alternate quantum walk of a genuine single-photon entangled state
Authors: Kumar Panda Dinesh , Benjamin Colin 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
A single-photon entangled state (or single-particle entangled state (SPES) in general) can offer a more secure way of encoding and processing quantum information than their multi-photon (or multi-particle) counterparts. The SPES generated via a 2D alternate quantum-walk setup from initially separable states can be either 3-way or 2-way entangled. This letter shows that the generated genuine three-way and nonlocal two-way SPES can be used as cryptographic keys to securely encode two distinct messages simultaneously. We detail the message encryption–decryption steps and show the resilience of the 3-way and 2-way SPES-based cryptographic protocols against eavesdropper attacks like intercept-and-resend and man-in-the-middle. We also detail the experimental realization of these protocols using a single photon, with the three degrees of freedom being orbital angular momentum, path, and polarization. We have proved that the protocols have unconditional security for quantum communication tasks. The ability to simultaneously encode two distinct messages using the generated SPES showcases the versatility and efficiency of the proposed cryptographic protocol. This capability could significantly improve the throughput of quantum communication systems.
Tetrahedron equation and Schur functions
Authors: Iwao Shinsuke , Motegi Kohei , Ohkawa Ryo 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The tetrahedron equation introduced by Zamolodchikov is a three-dimensional generalization of the Yang–Baxter equation. Several types of solutions to the tetrahedron equation that have connections to quantum groups can be viewed as q-oscillator valued vertex models with matrix elements of the L-operators given by generators of the q-oscillator algebra acting on the Fock space. Using one of the q = 0-oscillator valued vertex models introduced by Bazhanov–Sergeev, we introduce a family of partition functions that admits an explicit algebraic presentation using Schur functions. Our construction is based on the three-dimensional realization of the Zamolodchikov–Faddeev algebra provided by Kuniba–Maruyama–Okado. Furthermore, we investigate an inhomogeneous generalization of the three-dimensional lattice model. We show that the inhomogeneous analog of (a certain subclass of) partition functions can be expressed as loop elementary symmetric functions.