bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Properties of compression molded ultra‐high molecular weight polyethylene products pretreated by eccentric rotor extrusion
Authors: Feng Yanhong , Gao Yu , Chen Jiejie , Jiang Jinhui , Yin Xiaochun , He Guangjian , Zeng Yanxiang , Kuang Qinglin , Qu Jinping 
Published: January 2019

AbstractLow processing efficiency and fusion defects limit the application of ultra‐high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) in artificial joint implants. These problems result from the high melt viscosity of UHMWPE. Here, we use an eccentric rotor extruder (ERE) based on elongational flow to pretreat UHMWPE. Compression molded UHMWPE is obtained without and with ERE pretreatment (EP‐UHMWPE). The processing efficiency of EP‐UHMWPE is improved compared with direct compression molded UHMWPE. This is because the preheating time can be omitted during the molding process, and the residence time of UHMWPE in the extruder is less than 90 s. The mechanical properties and friction resistance of EP‐UHMWPE are significantly improved compared with those of direct compression molded UHMWPE. The yield strength increases from 21 MPa to 23 MPa, the tensile strength increases from 36 MPa to 46 MPa, the elongation at break increases from 610% to 700%, and the abrasion loss decreases from 1.73 mg/1000 r to 0.93 mg/1000 r when UHMWPE is subjected to ERE pretreatment. We attribute these improvements to the elongational flow enhancing the orientation and disentanglement of UHMWPE molecular chains, which in turn improves particle fusion. The molecular weight is well maintained when subjected to ERE pretreatment. UHMWPE components pretreated by ERE have good prospects in artificial joint implants. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Surfactant protein D as a marker for pulmonary complications in pediatric patients with sickle cell disease: Relation to lung function tests
Authors: Tantawy Azza A. , Adly Amira A. , Ebeid Fatma S. E. , Ismail Eman A. , Hussein Mahitab M. , Shaarawy Randa M. , Kamel Reham A. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractBackgroundSurfactant protein D (SP‐D) is considered a candidate biomarker for lung integrity and for disease progression.AimWe determined the level of SP‐D in children and adolescents with SCD and assessed its possible relation to pulmonary complications and lung function.MethodsSerum SP‐D levels were assessed in 50 SCD patients compared with 30 healthy controls. High‐resolution computerized tomography (HRCT) of the chest was done. Forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), FEV1/FVC% and forced expiratory flow rate during 25‐75% of expiration (FEF25‐75%) were determined.ResultsSP‐D was significantly higher in SCD patients than controls, particularly patients with sickle cell anemia than those with sickle β‐thalassemia. SP‐D levels were significantly associated with increasing severity of interstitial lung disease. The highest SP‐D levels were observed among patients with restrictive lung disease followed by mixed type then obstructive lung disease. SP‐D was positively correlated to HbS and serum ferritin while negatively correlated to duration of hydroxyurea treatment and parameters of pulmonary functions. ROC curve analysis revealed that SP‐D cutoff value 720 ng/mL could significantly detect the presence of abnormal pulmonary function among SCD patients with 82% sensitivity and 88% specificity. Logistic regression analysis showed that SP‐D is an independent factor related to abnormal pulmonary function in SCD.ConclusionsSP‐D may be a promising biomarker for screening of SCD patients for risk of later pulmonary complications.
Barium Titanate: A Novel Perovskite Oxide Burning Rate Modifier for HTPB/AP/Al Based Composite Propellant Formulations
Authors: Jain Sunil , Khire Vrushali H. , Kandasubramanian Balasubramanian 
Published: January 2019

AbstractIn the present study, nano and micron‐sized barium titanate (BaTiO3) were characterized and evaluated in HTPB/AP/Al composite propellant. Different compositions were prepared by incorporating BaTiO3 from 0.5 % to 2 % in a standard composition. The BaTiO3 reduces thermal decomposition temperature of ammonium perchlorate and also of standard composition. Other propellant processing and performance parameters like viscosity, mechanical and ballistic properties were also measured. The ballistic properties results revealed that there was more than 22 % and 12 % (at 6.86 MPa) enhancement in burning rate with 2 % nano and micro‐ BaTiO3, respectively.
Crystal structure of the LUFS domain of human single‐stranded DNA binding Protein 2 (SSBP2)
Authors: Wang Hongyang , Wang Zhizhi , Tang Qun , Yan Xiao‐Xue , Xu Wenqing 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe human single‐stranded DNA binding Protein 2 (SSBP2) is a tumor suppressor implicated in multiple cancer forms. The SSBP2 and related SSBP3/SSBP4 proteins are predicted to be intrinsically disordered excepted for their highly conserved N‐terminal LUFS (LUG/LUH, Flo8, and SSBP/SSDP) domain. LUFS domains are found in a number of proteins including some transcriptional co‐repressors. Although LUFS domains contain an N‐terminal Lis homology (LisH) motif that typically forms a stable dimer, no 3D structure of any LUFS domain is available. Here, we report a crystal structure of the LUFS domain of human SSBP2 at 1.52 Å resolution. We show that the SSBP2 LUFS domain forms a homo‐tetramer and reveal how an alpha‐helix C‐terminal to the LisH motif mediates SSBP2 tetramerization (dimerization of dimers). Conservation of the tetramerization interface among LUFS domains suggests that other LUFS domains may also form tetramers in similar manners.
Frequency and predictors of the potential overprescribing of antidepressants in elderly residents of a geographically defined U.S. population
Authors: Bobo William V. , Grossardt Brandon R. , Lapid Maria I. , Leung Jonathan G. , Stoppel Cynthia , Takahashi Paul Y. , Hoel Robert W. , Chang Zheng , Lachner Christian , Chauhan Mohit , Flowers Lee , Brue Scott M. , Frye Mark A. , St. Sauver Jennifer , Rocca Walter A. , Sutor Bruce 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to estimate the extent of potential antidepressant overprescribing in a geographically defined U.S. population, and to determine the indications and factors that account for it. We conducted a cohort study of new antidepressant prescriptions for elderly residents of Olmsted County, Minnesota, 2005‐2012, using the Rochester Epidemiology Project medical records‐linkage system. Indications for antidepressants were abstracted from health records for all cohort members. Potential antidepressant overprescribing was defined based on regulatory approval, the level of evidence identified from a standardized drug information database, and multidisciplinary expert review. Predictors of potential antidepressant overprescribing were investigated using logistic regression models, stratified by general antidepressant indication (general medical indication, specific psychiatric diagnosis, and non‐specific psychiatric symptoms). Potential antidepressant overprescribing occurred in 24% of 3199 incident antidepressant prescriptions during the study period, and involved primarily newer antidepressants that were prescribed for non‐specific psychiatric symptoms and subthreshold diagnoses. Potential antidepressant overprescribing was associated with nursing home residence, having a higher number of comorbid medical conditions and outpatient prescribers, taking more concomitant medications, having greater use of urgent or acute care services in the year preceding the index antidepressant prescription, and being prescribed antidepressants via telephone, e‐mail, or patient portal. In conclusion, potential antidepressant overprescribing occurred in elderly persons and involved mainly newer antidepressants used for non‐specific psychiatric symptoms and subthreshold diagnoses, and was associated with indicators of higher clinical complexity or severity and with prescribing without face‐to‐face patient contact.
Natural products: a strategic lead generation approach in crop protection discovery
Authors: Lorsbach Beth A , Sparks Thomas C , Cicchillo Robert M , Garizi Negar V , Hahn Donald R , Meyer Kevin G 
Published: January 2019

AbstractWith the anticipated population growth in the coming decades, the changing regulatory environment, and the continued emergence of resistance to commercial pesticides, there is a constant need to discover new lead chemistries with novel modes of action. We have established a portfolio of approaches to accelerate lead generation. One of these approaches capitalizes on the rich bioactivity of natural products (NPs), highlighted by the numerous examples of NP‐based crop protection compounds. Within Corteva Agriscience and the affiliated preceding companies, NPs have been a fruitful approach, for nearly three decades, to identifying and bringing to the market crop protection products inspired by or originating from NPs, . Included in these NP‐based crop protection products are the spinosyns family of insecticides, and those from more recent areas of NP‐based fungicidal chemistry, as highlighted in this perspective. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Mucoadhesive formulation containing Curcuma longa L. reduces oral mucositis induced by 5‐fluorouracil in hamsters
Authors: Schmidt Tuany Rafaeli , Curra Marina , Wagner Vivian Petersen , Martins Marco Antonio Trevizani , de Oliveira Aline Carlos , Batista Aline Carvalho , Valadares Marize Campos , Marreto Ricardo Neves , Martins Manoela Domingues 
Published: January 2019

We explored the effects of a mucoadhesive formulation containing curcuminoid (MFC) from Curcuma longa L. extract on oral mucositis (OM) induced by 5‐fluorouracil (5‐FU) in hamsters. Seventy‐two golden Syrian hamsters were randomly allocated into four groups: control, placebo, chamomilla, and MFC. Animals received an intraperitoneal injection of 5‐FU at Days 0 and 2. On Days 3 and 4, the buccal mucosa was scratched. Therapy was initiated on Day 5. Animals received two applications of the substances per day according to the experimental group. Six animals were euthanized on Days 8, 10, and 14. Clinical analysis were performed using photography and histopathological sections of 3 μm were stained by hematoxylin–eosin for semiquantitative analysis of re‐epithelization and inflammation. Immunohistochemistry was used for angiogenesis (CD31) and transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF‐β1) analysis. On Day 5, all groups exhibited OM. Clinical and histopathological findings revealed that on Day 8, both MFC and chamomilla groups exhibited better wound healing. In addition, the MFC group demonstrated lower angiogenesis and TGF‐β1 levels on Day 8 compared with placebo and control groups. Collectively, these findings suggest that MFC has a therapeutic effect on OM, accelerating wound healing through re‐epithelization and anti‐inflammatory action as modulation of angiogenesis and TGF‐β1 expression.
DFT study on electronic properties of single‐ and double‐shell icosahedral fullerenes
Authors: De Luca Giorgio , Basantes Valverde Marlon , Morrone Matilde , Caputi Lorenzo S. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractMulti‐shell fullerenes are widely studied for their interesting properties although comparative studies on single‐ and multi‐shell structures remain scarce. In this work, important electronic features of single‐ and double‐shell icosahedral fullerenes as a function of their sizes were calculated in the framework of the density functional theory. Fully optimized structures were used to get the gap between the highest occupied molecular and the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (H‐L gap), electronegativity, softness and density of the electronic states. This work shows that the H‐L gap of the single‐shell fullerenes decreases nonlinearly as the nanoparticles size increases, whereas for the double‐shell fullerenes an opposite trend is obtained. A decrease of the H‐L gap is found going from single‐ to double‐shell fullerenes with similar external sizes, up to a diameter of 3.13 nm. The electron density of states revealed that isolated peaks give way to more dense electronic states for nanoparticles with diameters above 2 nm.
The role of fluoroalcohols as counter anions for ion‐pairing reversed‐phase liquid chromatography/high‐resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry analysis of oligonucleotides
Authors: Liu Rong , Ruan Yanjiao , Liu Zhongqiu , Gong Lingzhi 
Published: January 2019

RationaleHexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP) has been widely used as a counter anion in the mobile phase for ion‐pairing reversed‐phase liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (IP‐RP‐LC/MS) analysis of oligonucleotides. However, researchers are still searching for improvements to counter anions for LC/MS analysis of oligonucleotides. This study aimed to find alternatives to HFIP for analyzing oligonucleotides.MethodsThe study was performed using an Agilent 1290 ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) system coupled to an Agilent 6540 mass spectrometer by using an oligonucleotide BEH C18 column (100 × 2.1 mm, 1.7 μm). Buffer systems containing ion‐pairing reagents (triethylamine, tripropylamine, hexylamine, dimethylbutylamine, diisopropylethylamine, N,N‐dimethylcyclohexylamine, and octylamine) and fluoroalcohols (HFIP and hexafluoro‐2‐methyl‐2‐propanol (HFTP)) were compared chromatographically and mass spectrometrically.ResultsResults showed that HFTP has better desalting ability than HFIP, but both HFIP and HFTP have comparable effects on the separation of oligonucleotides sized from 10mer to 40mer for most of ion‐pairing reagents, with the exception of triethylamine and N,N‐dimethylcyclohexylamine, where HFIP performed better than HFTP.ConclusionsThe choice of fluoroalcohols in IP‐RP‐LC/MS analysis of oligonucleotides depends on the type of ion‐pairing reagents used in the mobile phase. As a guideline, we would recommend to use either HA‐HFIP or HA‐HFTP for small oligonucleotides, but TPA‐HFTP for large oligonucleotides for IP‐RP‐LC/MS analysis of synthetic oligonucleotides.
Evaluating the Role of Ultrasonication‐Assisted Alkali Pretreatment and Enzymatic Hydrolysis on Cellwall Polysaccharides of Pennisetum Grass Varieties as Potential Biofuel Feedstock
Authors: Mohapatra Sonali , Mishra Chinmaya , Merritt Brian B , Pattathil Sivakumar , Thatoi Hrudayanath 
Published: January 2019

AbstractProduction of renewable fuel like bioethanol from plant biomass and agro wastes will be the future energy source to combat the depletion of fossil fuels. The first detailed profile of the non‐cellulosic cell wall polysaccharides of native, ultrasonication assisted alkaline (NaOH) pre‐treated and enzyme hydrolysed Pennesitum grass varieties viz. hybrid Napier grass and denanath grass, were identified using glycome profiling. The best pre‐treatment conditions resulted in 89.3% and 86.7% delignification of denanath grass (DG) and hybrid Napier grass (HNG) respectively. In the same conditions, 227.2 mg/g and 242.8 mg/g of total reducing sugar was achieved for DG and HNG respectively. Comparative assessment of a new enzyme i. e. Palkonal MBW with the conventional combination of Celluclast 1.5 L+ xylanase was undertaken. The amounts of glucose and xylose released with Palkonal MBW saccharified DG and HNG were 662.0 mg/g and 431.2 mg/g, which were significantly higher as compared to the conventional enzyme cocktail. The glycome profiling results showed that pectic arabinoxylan and arabinogalactan backbones were significantly less in DG samples and they do play a major role in enhancing enzymatic hydrolysis. These reports can provide a good insight in designing potential perennial feedstocks for bioethanol production in bio refinery concepts. Furthermore, the underutilised DG variety may also be exploited owing to its promising cell wall characteristics that can produce higher bioethanol yields.
Pt‐V2O5/NT and Pt‐WO3/NT Titanate Nanotubes with Strong Photocatalytic Activity under Visible Light
Authors: Camposeco Roberto , Castillo Salvador , Hinojosa‐Reyes Mariana , Rodriguez‐Gonzalez Vicente , Nava Noel , Mejía‐Centeno Isidro 
Published: January 2019

AbstractPhotocatalytic degradation of Rhodamine B was carried out by decorated V2O5/NT and WO3/NT titanate nanotubes with Pt (0.3 wt. %) under visible light irradiation. The effect of parameters such as titanic acid phase, surface area and photocatalyst load on the deactivation of the photocatalytic degradation of Rhodamine B were studied. Photoatalysts were characterized by SBET, XRD, UV‐vis, XPS, HR‐TEM, and H2‐TPR. We found that Pt‐WO3/NT photocatalyst reached 90% of dye degradation in 60 min. WO3/NT reached 60% after 90 min under 450‐nm visible light irradiation and pH neutral. The incorporation Pt nanoparticles into WO3/NT and V2O5/NT supports increased remarkably the photocatalytic activity during degradation of Rhodamine B. After reaction, an evolution from VO2 to V2O5 was observed. We also found the transition from W5+ to W6+. The transition from Pt0 to Pt2+ was also observed. We concluded that the presence of Pt hinders the oxidation of the oxygen species on the surface of the titanate nanotubes.
Evaluation of Corrosion Inhibition Performance of Two Novel Multifunctional Silane Containing Phosphonyl Groups Synthesized by Convenient Mannich Reaction
Authors: Yang Jinyun , Wang Dongdong , Qiao Ruijing , Sun Anbang , Feng Shengyu , Ma Houyi , Lu Haifeng 
Published: January 2019

AbstractTwo novel iron corrosion inhibitors were prepared via convenient Mannich reaction which named N,N’‐dimethylene phosphonyl aminopropyl dimethyl silanol (DPDS) and N,N’‐dimethylene phosphonyl aminopropyl methyl silandiol (DPMS). To analyze the relations between the corrosion inhibition properties and the configuration of the moleculars, N,N’‐dimethylene phosphonyl propylamine (DPPA) was also selected to be compared with these two silanes. These three compounds have same amount of phosphonyl groups in one molecular while they have different amount of hydrolysis groups. Their corrosion inhibition properties of the iron were investigated in sulfuric acid solutions by using electrochemical methods. Electrochemical results have shown that the corrosion inhibition efficiency of these three inhibitors for the iron increased firstly and then decreased when the concentration reaching the maximum value. The absorption behaviors of these three inhibitors on the iron surface fitted well with the Langmuir isotherm model. Based on the calculation of standard Gibbs free energy and equilibrium constant, the absorption processes were determined to be chemisorption. What's more, DPMS showed the better corrosion inhibition properties than DPDS and DPPA. A hypothesis of arrangement of these three inhibitors on the iron's surface was put forward to explain the difference among these three inhibitors.
All Solution‐Processed Cu2ZnSnS4 Solar Cell by Using High‐Boiling‐Point Solvent Treated Ball‐Milling Process with Efficiency Exceeding 6%
Authors: Gu Youchen , Yin Xuewen , Han Jianhua , Zhou Yu , Tai Meiqian , Zhang Qi , Li Jianbao , Hao Xiaojing , Lin Hong 
Published: January 2019

AbstractTo improve the crystallinity and overall film quality of the light absorbing layer is vital to further enhance the performance of sulfide Kesterite Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) solar cells, especially for all solution‐processed devices using ball‐milling processed CZTS that generally leads to poor crystallization. In this work, a novel treatment method involving high‐boiling‐point solvent (HBPS), via simply spinning oleic acid (OA) solution onto CZTS precursor film coupled with an elongated annealing duration, was for the first time reported that enabled not only reduced surface roughness, but considerably increased crystalline of CZTS film. This is corroborated by an enhanced XRD intensity by eight ‐fold in conjunction with a five‐fold increased steady‐state PL intensity, the latter of which also indicates an improved CdZnS/CZTS heterojunction quality. Combined with all solution‐processed buffer layer and contact material, device using HBPS‐treated ball‐milling processed CZTS absorber yielded a power conversion efficiency of 6.1%, which is the highest reported for all solution‐processed pure‐sulfide CZTS solar cells. The HBPS‐treatment approach developed in this work is simple and effective, and in principle can promisingly be applied to any film to work synergistically with thermal annealing treatment, leading to simultaneously enhanced crystallinity and overall film quality while maintaining its planeness.
Multishelled Hollow Structures of Yttrium Oxide for the Highly Selective and Ultrasensitive Detection of Methanol
Authors: Zheng Jianzhong , Zhang Tingmei , Zeng Huajie , Guo Wei , Zhao Bo , Sun Yinghui , Li Youyong , Jiang Lin 
Published: January 2019

AbstractMethanol is extremely harmful to human health, since it is oxidized slowly and can accumulate in the human body. Therefore, it is essential to develop a methanol gas sensing technology with high sensitivity and selectivity for use in environmental monitoring and healthcare. In this work, a simple and low‐cost sensor based on a Y2O3 multishelled hollow structure (YMSH) to selectively detect methanol with an ultrasensitive limit of detection (71 ppb) is developed. The unique multishelled hollow structure with a large surface area and exposed {222} facets makes an important contribution to the ultrasensitive detection of methanol, which is further confirmed by subsequent theoretical simulations. Moreover, in situ Fourier transform infrared spectra verify that CO2 is the final product, which indicates a high catalytic activity of the YMSHs toward methanol oxidation. Interestingly, the sensor can also be applied to liquor samples that are mixtures of ethanol, methanol, and water, which provides a facile way to detect methanol in wines. This sensor represents a unique and highly sensitive means to detect methanol, which has great promise for potential application in environmental monitoring and food safety inspection.
2D Early Transition Metal Carbides (MXenes) for Catalysis
Authors: Li Zhe , Wu Yue 
Published: January 2019

AbstractMXenes, a bourgeoning class of 2D transition metal carbides, are of considerable interest in catalysis due to their rich surface chemistry, tunable electronic structures, and thermal stability. Here, recent conceptual advances in applying MXenes and their nanocomposites in (photo)electrocatalysis and conventional heterogeneous catalysis are highlighted. In addition, the nature of active sites in the MXene‐based catalysts are discussed and the significance and challenges in the future development of catalysts using MXenes as the platforms are summarized.