bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of Promising Biofilm Inhibitory and Cytotoxic Quinazolin‐4‐one Derivatives: Synthesis, Evaluation, Molecular Docking and ADMET Studies
Authors: Ansari Siddique A. , Deshmukh Satish U. , Patil Rajesh B. , Damale Manoj G. , Patil Rajendra H. , Alkahtani Hamad M. , Almehizia Abdulrahman A. , Al‐Tuwajiri Hanaa M. , Aleanizy Fadilah S. , Alqahtani Fulwah Y. , Pathan Shahebaaz K. , Sangshetti Jaiprakash N. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractA library of 2,3‐dihydroquinazolin‐4(1H)‐one derivatives (5 a‐k) were synthesized in good yield by using 1‐Ethyl‐3‐Methylimidazolium hydrogen sulphate (10 mol %) as a catalyst and were evaluated for their anti‐biofilm, antimicrobial and cytotoxicity potential. Among the synthesized compounds, 2‐(4‐(1H‐1,2,4‐triazol‐1‐yl)phenyl)‐2,3‐dihydroquinazolin‐4(1H)‐one (5d) and 2,3‐dihydro‐2‐(2,4,6‐trimethoxyphenyl) quinazolin‐4(1H)‐one (5j) displayed better anti‐biofilm activity than fluconazole (IC50 = 40 μM) with IC50 values less than 30 μM. Compound 5d also appeared to be fungicidal against C. Albicans having MIC=33.5 μg/ml comparable with standard fluconazole (50 μg/ml). All the synthesized compounds were also evaluated for cytotoxic activity by using MTT assay against HeLa, A‐549 and MDA‐MB‐231 cell lines. The compound 5d was found to be more potent against MDA‐MB‐231 and A549 cell lines (IC50 = 11 ± 2 μM and 34±8 μM respectively) than 5‐fluorouracil (IC50 = 19 ± 3 μM and 51 ± 5 μM respectively). The compounds substituted with 6‐methyl‐4‐oxo‐4H‐chromen‐3‐yl (5a), biphenyl (5c) and 2‐hydroxy‐5‐bromophenyl (5e) were also found to be more potent against MDA‐MB‐231 cell lines (IC50 = 13 ± 3 – 14 ± 4 μM) than 5‐fluorouracil. Molecular docking simulations were also carried out using secreted aspartyl protease (SAP5), pepA enzyme of C. albicans for biofilm inhibition and EGFR tyrosine kinase for cyto‐toxicity studies. The study reveals that the compounds 5d and 5e can serve as an important lead moiety for biofilm inhibition and cyto‐toxicity against MDA‐MB‐231 and A549 cancer cell‐lines indicating their potential in the treatment of tougher fungal infections and breast and lung cancer.
Rationally Designed Functional Ni2P Nanoparticles as Co–Catalyst Modified CdS@g‐C3N4 Heterojunction for Efficient Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution
Authors: Wang Guorong , Jin Zhiliang 
Published: March 2019

AbstractNi2P nanoparticle contained no precious metal as co‐catalyst to touch up CdS nanorods coupling with graphitic C3N4 for H2 evolution was synthesized successfully by in‐situ fabrication approach. The preparative Ni2P‐CdS/g‐C3N4 composite catalyst exerts remarkable hydrogen production activity and exhibit good photostability in 20 hour cycles. The hydrogen evolution rate is 9.9 times as high as that of pure CdS. Morphological characterization, optical results and electrochemical test proved that special CdS/g‐C3N4 enhanced the transfer of electrons on CdS and g‐C3N4, loading Ni2P co‐catalyst further increased the synergistic effect in photocatalytic properties. Several characterization results such as transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), The Ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV‐vis DRS), Photoluminescence (PL) and nitrogen adsorption‐desorption isotherms (BET) etc. indicate that the Ni2P nanoparticles loaded on the CdS/g‐C3N4 exposed more active sites and facilitated the efficiency of photogenic electron‐hole pairs separation. Optimistically, these results were good consistent with each other. This considerable performance probablely attribute to the special conduction band (CB) and valence band (VB) of CdS and g‐C3N4 which form a heterojuction and the introduction of Ni2P as cocatalyst further extract photogenerated electrons that lower the over potential of H+ redution.
Study the Mechanism of Enhanced Li Storage Capacity through Decreasing Internal Resistance by High Electronical Conductivity via Sol‐gel Electrospinning of Co3O4 Carbon Nanofibers
Authors: Liu Jifei , Fu Bi , Dai Jianfeng , Zhu Xiaojun , Wang Qing 
Published: March 2019

AbstractCo3O4@nanofibers (NFs) and Co3O4@carbon NFs (CNFs) were synthesized by sol‐gel electrospinning followed by annealing in air and Ar atmosphere, respectively. Co3O4@NFs and Co3O4@CNFs deliver stable cyclic performance with Li storage capacity of 330 and 400mAh/g after 170 and 200 cycles, respectively. Co3O4@CNFs deliver higher Li storage capacity more than Co3O4@NFs at each current densities in rate performance. More importantly, Co3O4@CNFs demonstrated relatively smaller internal resistance result from the comparison of electrochemical independence spectrum. Further morphology observation of the cycled electrodes indicates that the one‐dimensioncal nanostrucutre of the Co3O4@CNFs is still maintaned after reacting with Li+, which is singnicicant to the electrochemical cyclic performance. This study indicates the internal resistance can be decreased by increasing electronical conductivity through electrospinning carbon coating layer, resulting in an enhanced energy storage performance.
Graphene‐Coated Spandex Sensors Embedded into Silicone Sheath for Composites Health Monitoring and Wearable Applications
Authors: Montazerian Hossein , Rashidi Armin , Dalili Arash , Najjaran Homayoun , Milani Abbas S. , Hoorfar Mina 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThis study presents a low‐cost, tunable, and stretchable sensor fabricated based on spandex (SpX) yarns coated with graphene nanoplatelets (GnP) through a dip‐coating process. The SpX/GnP is wrapped into a stretchable silicone rubber (SR) sheath to protect the conductive layer against harsh conditions, which allows for fabricating washable wearable sensors. Dip‐coating parameters are optimized to obtain the maximum GnP coating rate. The covering sheath is tailored to achieve high stretchability beyond the sensing limit of 104% for SpX/GnP/SR sensors. Adjustable sensitivity is attained by manipulating SpX immersion times broadening its application for a wide range of strains: Gauge factors as high as two orders of magnitude are achieved at tensile strains greater than ≈40%. The fabricated sensors are tested for two applications: First, the SpX/GnP sensors are integrated into composite fabrics (with no negative impact on the structural integrity of the part) for screening the yarn displacements, resin flow, solidification during the hot press forming process, and structural health monitoring under mechanical loads with minimal cross‐sensitivity to temperature/humidity. Second, the capability of SpX/GnP/SP sensors in detection of a wide range of bodily motions (from the joint motion to arterial blood pressure) is demonstrated.
Enhanced Enzyme Activity through Scaffolding on Customizable Self‐Assembling Protein Filaments
Authors: Lim Samuel , Jung Gi Ahn , Glover Dominic J. , Clark Douglas S. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractPrecisely organized enzyme complexes are often found in nature to support complex metabolic reactions in a highly efficient and specific manner. Scaffolding enzymes on artificial materials has thus gained attention as a promising biomimetic strategy to design biocatalytic systems with enhanced productivity. Herein, a versatile scaffolding platform that can immobilize enzymes on customizable nanofibers is reported. An ultrastable self‐assembling filamentous protein, the gamma‐prefoldin (γ‐PFD), is genetically engineered to display an array of peptide tags, which can specifically and stably bind enzymes containing the counterpart domain through simple in vitro mixing. Successful immobilization of proteins along the filamentous template in tunable density is first verified using fluorescent proteins. Then, two different model enzymes, glucose oxidase and horseradish peroxidase, are used to demonstrate that scaffold attachment could enhance the intrinsic catalytic activity of the immobilized enzymes. Considering the previously reported ability of γ‐PFD to bind and stabilize a broad range of proteins, the filament's interaction with the bound enzymes may have created a favorable microenvironment for catalysis. It is envisioned that the strategy described here may provide a generally applicable methodology for the scaffolded assembly of multienzymatic complexes for use in biocatalysis.
High‐Indexed PtNi Alloy Skin Spiraled on Pd Nanowires for Highly Efficient Oxygen Reduction Reaction Catalysis
Authors: Zhao Yueping , Tao Lu , Dang Wei , Wang Linlin , Xia Meirong , Wang Bo , Liu Minmin , Gao Faming , Zhang Jiujun , Zhao Yufeng 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe catalytic performance of Pt‐based catalysts for oxygen reduction reactions (ORR) can generally be enhanced by constructing high‐index exposed facets (HIFs). However, the synthesis of Pt alloyed high‐index skins on 1D non‐Pt surfaces to further improve Pt utilization and stability remains a fundamental challenge for practical nanocrystals. In this work, Pd nanowires (NWs) are selected as a rational medium to facilitate the epitaxial growth of Pt and Ni. Based on the different nucleation and growth habits of Pt and Ni, a continuous PtNi alloy skin bounded with HIFs spiraled on a Pd core can be obtained. Here, the as‐prepared helical Pd@PtNi NWs possess high HIF densities, low Pt contents, and optimized oxygen adsorption energies, demonstrating an enhanced ORR mass activity of 1.75 A mgPt−1 and a specific activity of 3.18 mA cm−2, which are 10 times and 12 times higher than commercial Pt/C catalysts, respectively. In addition, the 1D nanostructure enables the catalyst to be highly stable after 30 000 potential sweeping cycles. This work successfully extends bulky high‐indexed Pt alloys to core–shell nanostructures with the design of a new, highly efficient and stable Pt‐based catalyst for fuel cells.
An agentive focus may limit learning about complex causality and systems dynamics: A study of seventh graders' explanations of ecosystems
Authors: Cuzzolino Megan Powell , Grotzer Tina A. , Tutwiler M. Shane , Torres Eric W. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractAgent‐oriented pedagogies have been used in teaching concepts related to complex systems dynamics. However, little research has systematically explored the role of a strong agency‐oriented focus on understanding of complex, dynamic ecological systems. This study analyzed seventh graders' (n = 216) explanations of a complex ecological scenario. The findings show that students were more likely to generate agentive than nonagentive explanations and students who adopted an agentive framing were least likely to understand the complex causal dynamics of two environmental scenarios, eutrophication in a pond and acid rain in a forest. Furthermore, students' initial inclination toward agency‐oriented explanation on the assessment was predictive of their performance on a postassessment following an instructional opportunity to learn about ecosystems dynamics; a strong agency orientation corresponded to less complex interpretations of the dynamics of the ecosystems. The results suggest that a strongly agentive perspective may limit students' ability to learn complex systems dynamics and that the pedagogical advantages of agent‐based approaches may not be without limitations.
Epimagnolin A inhibits IL‐6 production by inhibiting p38/NF‐κB and AP‐1 signaling pathways in PMA‐stimulated THP‐1 cells
Authors: Chun Hyun‐Woo , Kim Soo‐Jin , Pham Thu‐Huyen , Bak Yesol , Oh Jaewook , Ryu Hyung‐Won , Oh Sei‐Ryang , Hong Jin‐Tae , Yoon Do‐Young 
Published: March 2019

AbstractEpimagnolin A is a lignan obtained from the flower buds of Magnolia fargesii, which is traditionally used in Asian medicine for treating headache and nasal congestion. A herbal compound fargesin obtained from M. fargesii, has exerted anti‐inflammatory effects in human monocytic THP‐1 cells in the previous study. The anti‐inflammatory effects of epimagnolin A, however, have been not elucidated yet. In this study, it was demonstrated that epimagnolin A reduced phorbol‐12‐myristate‐13‐acetate (PMA)‐induced IL‐6 promoter activity and IL‐6 production in human monocytic THP‐1 cells. Furthermore, it was investigated the modulating effects of epimagnolin A on mitogen‐activated protein kinase, nuclear factor‐kappa B (NF‐κB), and activator protein 1 (AP‐1) activities. Phosphorylation of p38 and nuclear translocation of p50 and c‐Jun were down‐regulated by epimagnolin A in the PMA‐stimulated THP‐1 cell. The results revealed that epimagnolin A attenuated the binding affinity of NF‐κB and AP‐1 transcription factors to IL‐6 promoter and IL‐6 production through p38/NF‐kB and AP‐1 signaling pathways in the PMA‐stimulated THP‐1 cells. These results suggest that epimagnolin A can be a useful drug for the treatment of inflammatory diseases.
Development of the hematopoietic system: Role of inflammatory factors
Authors: Hayashi Yoshikazu , Sezaki Maiko , Takizawa Hitoshi 
Published: March 2019

Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) have two defining features, multipotency and self‐renewal, both of which are tightly controlled by cell autonomous programs and environmental factors throughout the lifetime of an organism. During development, HSCs are born in the aorta‐gonad‐mesonephros region, and migrate to distinct hematopoietic organs such as the placenta, fetal liver and spleen, continuously self‐renewing and expanding to reach a homeostatic number. HSCs ultimately seed the bone marrow around the time of birth and become dormant to sustain lifelong hematopoiesis. In this review, we will summarize the recent findings on the role of inflammatory factors regulating HSC development, that is, emergence, trafficking and differentiation. An understanding of HSC kinetics during developmental processes will provide useful knowledge on HSC behavior under physiological and pathophysiological conditions.This article is categorized under:

Adult Stem Cells, Tissue Renewal, and Regeneration > Regeneration
Adult Stem Cells, Tissue Renewal, and Regeneration > Tissue Stem Cells and Niches
Adult Stem Cells, Tissue Renewal, and Regeneration > Environmental Control of Stem Cells
Downstream consequences of pubertal timing for young women's body beliefs
Authors: Grower Petal , Ward L. Monique , Beltz Adriene M. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractIntroductionPuberty is a critical biopsychosocial event that has long‐term consequences for adolescents' behavior and well‐being. Research has shown that developing earlier than one's peers may worsen adolescent girls' body image, in part due to weight redistribution and increases in adiposity resulting from pubertal development. However, research has yet to examine if pubertal timing is associated with girls' body beliefs related to self‐objectification, self‐sexualization, and positive body image beyond the adolescent years. We address that issue here.MethodsParticipants were 287 undergraduate White women (Mage = 18.62, SDage = 0.93) from the United States who completed surveys containing a retrospective report of pubertal timing and several scales assessing their current body beliefs.ResultsRegression analyses demonstrated that earlier pubertal timing was linked to greater body surveillance, greater sex appeal self‐worth, and less body appreciation, but not to body shame or enjoyment of sexualization, which were negatively related to age.ConclusionsThis study provides preliminary evidence that pubertal timing has downstream consequences for a variety of women's body beliefs. However, older women reported less body shame and less enjoyment of sexualization than younger women, suggesting possible age (and not puberty‐) related developmental trends in these two body beliefs. These findings highlight a need for future work with larger, more diverse samples and longitudinal data.
Deep Dyspareunia: Review of Pathophysiology and Proposed Future Research Priorities
Authors: Orr Natasha , Wahl Kate , Joannou Angela , Hartmann Dee , Valle Lisa , Yong Paul ,   International Society for the Study of Women’s Sexual Health’s (ISSWSH) Special Interest Group on Sexual Pain, Babb Corey , Kramer Catherine W. , Kellogg-Spadt Susan , Renzelli-Cain Roberta I. 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACTIntroductionDyspareunia has been traditionally divided into superficial (introital) dyspareunia and deep dyspareunia (pain with deep penetration). While deep dyspareunia can coexist with a variety of conditions, recent work in endometriosis has demonstrated that coexistence does not necessarily imply causation. Therefore, a reconsideration of the literature is required to clarify the pathophysiology of deep dyspareunia.AimsTo review the pathophysiology of deep dyspareunia, and to propose future research priorities.MethodsA narrative review after appraisal of published frameworks and literature search with the terms (dyspareunia AND endometriosis), (dyspareunia AND deep), (dyspareunia AND (pathophysiology OR etiology)).Main Outcome VariableDeep dyspareunia (present/absent or along a pain severity scale).ResultsThe narrative review demonstrates potential etiologies for deep dyspareunia, including gynecologic-, urologic-, gastrointestinal-, nervous system-, psychological-, and musculoskeletal system-related disorders. These etiologies can be classified according to anatomic mechanism, such as contact with a tender pouch of Douglas, uterus-cervix, bladder, or pelvic floor, with deep penetration. Etiologies of deep dyspareunia can also be stratified into 4 categories, as previously proposed for endometriosis specifically, to personalize management: type I (primarily gynecologic), type II (nongynecologic comorbid conditions), type III (central sensitization and genito-pelvic pain/penetration disorder), and type IV (mixed). We also identified gaps in the literature, such as lack of a validated patient-reported questionnaire or an objective measurement tool for deep dyspareunia and clinical trials not powered for sexual outcomes.ConclusionWe propose the following research priorities for deep dyspareunia: deep dyspareunia measurement tools, inclusion of the population avoiding intercourse due to deep dyspareunia, nongynecologic conditions in the generation of deep dyspareunia, exploration of sociocultural factors, clinical trials with adequate power for deep dyspareunia outcomes, partner variables, female sexual response, pathways between psychological factors and deep dyspareunia, and personalized approaches to deep dyspareunia.
Re-establishment of ice-surface velocity field and snow surface elevation change around Dome Argus, East Antarctica
Authors: Ke Hao , Yang Yuande , Li Fei , Wang Zemin , Sun Bo , E Dongchen , Jin Bo , Ding Minghu 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACTIn January 2016, static GPS measurements were carried out in a 30 × 30 km2 area centered around Kunlun station at Dome Argus (Dome A), East Antarctica, to acquire high-precision 3-D geodetic coordinates at 49 sites. By comparing the coordinates with previous GPS measurements in 2008 and 2013 at the same sites, we constructed a detailed and long-term record of the ice-surface velocity field, 2008–2016, around Dome A. During this time span, the estimated ice-surface velocity ranges from 0.8 ± 0.3 to 28.7 ± 1.6 cm a−1, with a mean of 10.4 ± 0.3 cm a−1. From 2013 to 2016, the surface elevation of most Dome A areas exhibits a rising trend, and the maximum increase of snow surface elevation is 84.8 cm. The mean snow surface elevation change rate at Dome A is estimated to be 6.6 ± 0.7 cm a−1. The difference of 1.0 cm a−1 between the snow surface change rate derived from GPS and pole-height change rate from surface mass balance is suspected to be a result of a combination of firn densification and basal melt under Dome A.
Executive dysfunction in depression in adolescence: the role of inflammation and higher body mass
Authors: Mac Giollabhui Naoise , Swistun Dominika , Murray Susan , Moriarity Daniel P. , Kautz Marin M. , Ellman Lauren M. , Olino Thomas M. , Coe Christopher L. , Abramson Lyn Y. , Alloy Lauren B. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBackgroundThere is substantial evidence that many depressed individuals experience impaired executive functioning. Understanding the causes of executive dysfunction in depression is clinically important because cognitive impairment is a substantial contributor to functional impairment. This study investigated whether elevated levels of an inflammatory cytokine [interleukin-6 (IL-6)] and/or higher body mass index (BMI) concurrently and/or prospectively accounted for the relationship between depressive symptoms and impaired executive functioning in adolescents.MethodsA diverse, community sample of adolescents (N = 288; mean age = 16.33; 51.4% female; 59.0% African-American) completed assessments of height and weight, IL-6, depressive symptoms, and self-report/behavioral measures of executive functioning (selective attention, switching attention) and future orientation annually over 3 years. Adolescents experiencing acute illness or medical conditions that affect inflammation were excluded from analyses. Path analysis within a structural equation modeling framework simultaneously examined the concurrent and prospective relationships between BMI, IL-6, depressive symptoms, and the measures of cognitive functioning across three timepoints.ResultsAcross all timepoints, higher BMI was prospectively associated with higher levels of IL-6 and depressive symptoms, while higher levels of IL-6 were associated with worse performance on three behavioral and self-report measures of cognitive functioning. Higher depressive symptoms also were prospectively associated with elevated IL-6 and both higher depressive symptoms and a higher BMI predicted worse future executive functioning via increased IL-6.ConclusionsMore severe depressive symptoms and increased BMI may disrupt executive functioning via elevated IL-6.
Shared genetic etiology between anxiety disorders and psychiatric and related intermediate phenotypes
Authors: Ohi Kazutaka , Otowa Takeshi , Shimada Mihoko , Sasaki Tsukasa , Tanii Hisashi 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBackgroundPsychiatric disorders and related intermediate phenotypes are highly heritable and have a complex, overlapping polygenic architecture. A large-scale genome-wide association study (GWAS) of anxiety disorders identified genetic variants that are significant on a genome-wide. The current study investigated the genetic etiological overlaps between anxiety disorders and frequently cooccurring psychiatric disorders and intermediate phenotypes.MethodsUsing case–control and factor score models, we investigated the genetic correlations of anxiety disorders with eight psychiatric disorders and intermediate phenotypes [the volumes of seven subcortical brain regions, childhood cognition, general cognitive ability and personality traits (subjective well-being, loneliness, neuroticism and extraversion)] from large-scale GWASs (n= 7556–298 420) by linkage disequilibrium score regression.ResultsAmong psychiatric disorders, the risk of anxiety disorders was positively genetically correlated with the risks of major depressive disorder (MDD) (rg± standard error = 0.83 ± 0.16,p= 1.97 × 10−7), schizophrenia (SCZ) (0.28 ± 0.09,p= 1.10 × 10−3) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) (0.34 ± 0.13,p= 8.40 × 10−3). Among intermediate phenotypes, significant genetic correlations existed between the risk of anxiety disorders and neuroticism (0.81 ± 0.17,p= 1.30 × 10−6), subjective well-being (−0.73 ± 0.18,p= 4.89 × 10−5), general cognitive ability (−0.23 ± 0.08,p= 4.70 × 10−3) and putamen volume (−0.50 ± 0.18,p= 5.00 × 10−3). No other significant genetic correlations between anxiety disorders and psychiatric or intermediate phenotypes were observed (p> 0.05). The case–control model yielded stronger genetic effect sizes than the factor score model.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that common genetic variants underlying the risk of anxiety disorders contribute to elevated risks of MDD, SCZ, ADHD and neuroticism and reduced quality of life, putamen volume and cognitive performance. We suggest that the comorbidity of anxiety disorders is partly explained by common genetic variants.