bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Customer engagement in an e-commerce brand community
Authors: Vohra Anupama , Bhardwaj Neha 
Published: January 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to outline a conceptual framework for customer engagement in the context of social media for emerging markets. Three competing models of customer engagement were identified and tested to arrive at the best suited model for the given contexts. The alternative conceptual frameworks involve the constructs of active participation, community trust and community commitment in relation to customer engagement.

Design/methodology/approach
Data were collected using questionnaires sent via e-mail to respondents. Structural equation modelling was then used to arrive at the best suited model, while also empirically testing for the relationships among the constructs.

Findings
The study, by way of an empirical comparison of alternative conceptual frameworks, presents a customer engagement framework best suiting the social media context for emerging markets. The study also outlines active participation, community trust and community commitment to be acting as antecedents to customer engagement. Further active participation is identified as a necessary antecedent to customer engagement based on the comparative assessment of the frameworks.

Research limitations/implications
While there is not much consensus on the nature of customer engagement, the study offers insights to marketers in terms of managing customer engagement with their brand communities. The study identifies the role and importance of inducing active participation in a brand community context. Further, it also identifies community trust and community commitment to be occurring as antecedents to customer engagement, with commitment implying for a more pronounced role in the framework.

Originality/value
There is no consensus among researchers regarding the nomological network surrounding customer engagement. Further, very few of these studies have focussed on this construct in the context of emerging markets. This study thus attempts to close the above gap, by testing for alternative conceptual frameworks involving customer engagement, in the context of social media for emerging markets.
Approach to integrating management systems
Authors: Ahidar Ikram , Sarsri Driss , Sefiani Naoufal 
Published: January 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to develop an integrated management system that addresses the shortcoming revealed in the previous approaches of the IMS in literature.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper is based on the methodology of literature review analysis, proposition of an approach based on theory by the standards’ cross-references and on practice by the analysis of the real work and the use of the System Modeling Language (SYSML), the computer tool for the engineering system modeling.

Findings
An integration approach based on theory and practice in the automotive sector, integrating IATF 16949:2016, ISO 14001:2015, ISO 45001:DIS and some aspects of ISO 26000 is proposed. The proposed approach initiates the use of the SYSML in the IMS development. The model is intended to societies that seek to be sustainable and responsible toward environment and community. The link of the IMS model created with the European Foundation for Quality Management excellence model highlights the fact that the factors of excellence, especially the enablers, are covered by the requirements of the IMS.

Originality/value
This paper is the first approach of IMS that includes ISO 45001 (draft), uses the SYSML and sheds light on the link of excellence and IMS. The paper is the first detailed approach of IMS that addressed car manufacturer.
School bullying as a quality issue in educational institutions
Authors: Manna Rosalba , Calzone Samuele , Adinolfi Paola , Palumbo Rocco 
Published: January 2019

Purpose
School quality relies on the educational institutions’ ability to establish an environment which enhances the pupils’ social and emotional well-being. School bullying negatively affects the school climate; hence, it is likely to trigger side effects on pupils’ behaviors and performances. This is especially true when socially disadvantaged students are concerned, such as those with a migrant background. The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of school bullying among pupils with a migrant background living in Italy and suggests several insights to address this relevant school quality issue.

Design/methodology/approach
A mixed quantitative research has been designed to investigate the relationship between school bullying, victims’ socio-demographic attributes, school behaviors and school performances. Secondary data were collected from the study on the Integration of Second Generations performed in 2015 by the Italian Institute of Statistics.

Findings
Verbal and relational bullying were prevailing. Physical bullying was also recurring, but it primarily concerned male pupils. Bullied students were more likely to self-report lower school performances; moreover, they showed greater willingness to dropout from school. Victims of school bullying suffered from social exclusion; they were also used to perform working activities beyond mandatory schooling. They expressed lower trust in their teachers as compared with their peers.

Practical implications
School bullying is thought to deteriorate the school climate and, consequently, to impair educational services’ quality. Timely management interventions are needed to address school bullying and to prevent its negative effects.

Originality/value
This study conceives school bullying as a critical quality issue and paves the way for further developments intended to enhance school services’ effectiveness.
Effects of Different Fermentation Strains on the Flavor Characteristics of Fermented Soybean Curd
Authors: Liu Ping , Xiang Qin , Gao Liu , Wang Xuemei , Li Jiayi , Cui Xiaohong , Lin Junfan , Che Zhenming 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe effects of different fermentation strains on the flavor characteristics of fermented soybean curd (FSC) were investigated in this study. Fresh tofu was fermented by Actinomucor elegans, Rhizopus arrhizus, Mucor racemosus, and Rhizopus chinensis, either alone or in various combinations. The FSC manufacturing process included prefermentation by different strains at 28 °C for 60 hr, followed by salting at 16 °C for 7 days and finally proceeding postfermentation at 25 °C for 35 days. Subsequently, five tested samples were obtained, namely, sample A (fermented by A. elegans alone), R (fermented by R. arrhizus alone), AR (fermented by A. elegans and R. arrhizus at 5:1), AM (fermented by A. elegans and M. racemosus at 1:1), and RR (fermented by R. arrhizus and R. chinensis at 7:3). The flavors of the five samples were determined by E‐nose, sensory evaluation, and GC‐MS. E‐nose system observed significant discriminations by principal component analysis and linear discriminant analysis analysis. Sensory evaluation ranked the overall sensory scores: AR>AM>A>RR>R. As shown in GC‐MS results, sample AR also had, on average, the highest level of many volatiles. Out of 10 critical volatiles, the detected frequency of samples AR, AM, RR, A, and R was 10, 9, 9, 8, and 7, respectively. PLS2 regression model was used to explore the influence on flavor quality of different strains. All three analytic methods revealed similar results, with sample AR providing the best flavor quality, while the opposite was the case with sample R. Therefore, it could be concluded that A. elegans and R. arrhizus at 5:1 (v/v) was the optimal combination, and may likely promote the production of critical volatile compounds.Practical ApplicationThe flavors of fermented soybean curds are influenced by various factors such as physicochemical and microorganism during the fermentation surroundings. The results of this work not only provide valuable information for FSC flavor studies, but can also guide the FSC industry to improve flavor quality by applying the most appropriate production strains.
Do exchange‐traded fund flows increase the volatility of the underlying index? Evidence from the emerging market in China
Authors: Wang Hua , Xu Liao 
Published: January 2019

AbstractStudying 70 Chinese equity exchange‐traded funds (ETFs), we show that daily ETF flows significantly increase both the total volatility and the fundamental volatility of the underlying index on the next trading day. More specifically, it is the forward‐looking flow component which captures APs’ share creation/redemption activities beyond their role of market makers that can significantly predict the two types of volatility. Moreover, ETF arbitrage (ETF's information share) enhances the effect of forward‐looking flows on the total volatility (fundamental volatility) of the index. Furthermore, the relationships between forward‐looking flows and the two types of index volatility show a two‐way contagion.
Stock morality:
Authors: BELDO LES 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACTThe Makah Tribe of Washington State sparked controversy in the late 1990s when tribal leaders sought to revive their people's whaling traditions after a 70‐year hiatus. The ensuing political conflict has been shaped by the normative presuppositions of the US National Marine Fisheries Service. The conception of gray whales as countable, harvestable “stocks” enables Makah officials to claim affinities with the authorized discourse of the state. Antiwhaling activists have strategically adapted to this register, mobilizing scientific uncertainty to delay the hunt, but in doing so they tacitly affirm the idea that it is acceptable to kill whales. These findings call into question anthropological expectations regarding who benefits from the exercise of state power in environmental conflicts, showing that moral and ontological differences are not necessarily coterminous. [whaling, morality, fisheries, ontology, conservation, activism, indigeneity, Makah, United States]
Dose tailoring of human cell line‐derived recombinant factor VIII simoctocog alfa: Using a limited sampling strategy in patients with severe haemophilia A
Authors: Delavenne Xavier , Dargaud Yesim , Ollier Edouard , Négrier Claude 
Published: January 2019

AimsThe use of factor VIII (FVIII) prophylaxis in haemophilia A is considered the standard of care, particularly in children. Despite adjustment of doses for body weight and/or age, a large pharmacokinetic (PK) variability between patients has been observed. PK‐tailored prophylaxis may help clinicians adjust coagulation factor FVIII activity (FVIII:C) to the desired level, which may differ in individual patients. The objective was to develop a population PK model for simoctocog alfa based on pooled clinical trial data and to develop a Bayesian estimator to allow PK parameters in individual patients to be estimated using a reduced number of blood samples.MethodsPK data from 86 adults and 29 children/adolescents with severe haemophilia A were analysed. The FVIII data measured using 2 different assays (chromogenic and the 1‐stage clotting assay) were fit to separate develop population PK models using nonlinear mixed‐effect models. A Bayesian estimator was then developed to estimate the time above the threshold of 1%.ResultsThe PK data for chromogenic and the 1‐stage clotting assays were both best described by a 2‐compartment models. Simulations demonstrated good predictive capacity. The limited sampling strategy using blood sample at 3 and 24 hours allowed an accurate estimation of the time above the threshold of 1% FVIII:C (mean bias 0.01 and 0.11, mean precision 0.18 and 0.45 for 2 assay methods).ConclusionIn this study, we demonstrated that a Bayesian approach can help to reduce the number of samples required to estimate the time above the threshold of 1% FVIII:C with good accuracy.
A phase 1b randomized, placebo‐controlled clinical trial with SNF472 in haemodialysis patients
Authors: Salcedo Carolina , Joubert Pieter H. , Ferrer Miguel D. , Canals Ana Z. , Maduell Francisco , Torregrosa Vicens , Campistol Josep Maria , Ojeda Raquel , Perelló Joan 
Published: January 2019

AimsSNF472 is a calcification inhibitor that is being studied as a novel treatment for calciphylaxis and cardiovascular calcification (CVC). A first study showed acceptable safety and tolerability in a single ascending dose administration in healthy volunteers and a single dose administration in haemodialysis (HD) patients. This study aimed to assess the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics relationship of intravenous SNF472 in HD patients in a multiple ascending dose administration trial with 5 doses tested for 1 week (3 administrations) and 1 dose tested for 4 weeks (12 administrations).MethodsThis double blind, randomized, placebo‐controlled Phase 1b study investigated the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of SNF472 after repeated administrations to HD patients for up to 28 days. A pharmacodynamic assessment was performed to evaluate the potential for SNF472 to inhibit hydroxyapatite (HAP) formation. Patients were grouped into 2 cohorts, receiving multiple ascending doses for 1 week (1 to 20 mg/kg, Cohort 1) and 1 dose of 10 mg/kg for 4 weeks (Cohort 2) of intravenous SNF472.ResultsPhysical status, body weight, cardiorespiratory function, body temperature and laboratory parameters were in the normal range. No clinically relevant effects on heart rate or blood pressure were observed. No abnormal electrocardiogram or QTcB period were reported. The peak plasma concentration (7.6, 16.1, 46.0 and 66.9 μg/mL for 3, 5, 12.5 and 20 mg/kg, respectively) was observed at the end of the 4‐hour infusion and thereafter concentrations declined rapidly with half‐life between 32 and 65 min. SNF472 at 10 mg/kg inhibited dose dependently HAP crystallization in plasma samples after 28 days of treatment (78% inhibition, P < .001).ConclusionsSNF472 is safe and well tolerated in HD patients after 2 schemes: multiple ascending doses for 1 week and after repeated dosing of 10 mg/kg for 4 weeks. In both schemes, SNF472 inhibits the induction of HAP crystallization. These results provide support for the use of SNF472 as a novel treatment for CVC in end‐stage renal disease.
Debate: That which we call a rose
Authors: Hazell Philip 
Published: January 2019

Read the Editors’ introduction at: doi: 10.1111/camh.12315Read the core debate at: doi: 10.1111/camh.12231; doi: 10.1111/camh.12243; doi: 10.1111/camh.12296; doi: 10.1111/camh.12306Read more perspectives in this debate at: doi: 10.1111/camh.12318 doi: 10.1111/camh.12316; doi: 10.1111/camh.12313; doi: 10.1111/camh.12310; doi: 10.1111/camh.12314
Stability of the Manual Ability Classification System in young children with cerebral palsy
Authors: Burgess Andrea , Boyd Roslyn , Ziviani Jenny , Chatfield Mark D , Ware Robert S , Sakzewski Leanne 
Published: January 2019

AimTo examine the stability over time of the Manual Ability Classification System (MACS) levels in children with cerebral palsy (CP) aged 18 to 60 months.MethodThis was a prospective longitudinal population‐based study of 252 Australian children (160 males [63%] 92 females [37%]; mean age [SD] 41.7mo [14], range 17.2mo–69.2mo) with CP. Children were classified at 18 months (n=70), 24 months (n=131), 30 months (n=173), 36 months (n=209), 48 months (n=226), and 60 months (n=221) of age. Stability of the MACS was examined using the proportion of specific positive agreement and transition proportions, which are measures of agreement.ResultsThere were 1030 unique observations, with each of the 252 participants seen between two and six occasions (median=4). Average specific positive agreement over the study period was 76% for MACS level I, 67% for level II, 50% for level III, 51% for level IV, and 83% for level V. MACS levels I and V have the highest degree of stability, while levels III and IV have the lowest. We show how this may be explained by the proportion of children in each MACS level.InterpretationUsing measures of agreement rather than measures of reliability provides accurate information when measuring stability over time of an ordinal classification system. The relative stability of MACS levels can be explained by the proportion of children in each level.What this paper adds

Children classified in Manual Ability Classification System (MACS) levels III and IV change levels at next assessment about 50% of the time.

Children should be assessed with the MACS regularly, particularly those in levels III and IV.

Stability within ordinal classification level categories can be predicted using a measurement error model.

Transition proportions or specific agreement is recommended for reporting stability of ordinal classification systems.
Vacuum‐formed mouthguard fabrication to obtain proper fit using notched sheet
Authors: Mizuhashi Fumi , Koide Kaoru 
Published: January 2019

AbstractBackground/AimMouthguards should be provided with appropriate thickness and proper fit to exert their effects. However, mouthguard thickness becomes thinner after forming. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of using a notched mouthguard sheet and forming as the heated surface of the sheet contacts the surface of the working model.Materials and methodsThe material used was a 3.8‐mm‐thick Sports Mouthguard. Notches with a length of 90 and 80 mm were cut into an ethylene vinyl acetate sheet 20 mm from the anterior and posterior margins and 15 mm from the right and left margins, respectively, and the sheet was compared with the original. The sheets were then formed using a vacuum former. Original and notched sheets were heated until the temperature of the sheet reached 80°C, and the non‐heated surface of the sheet was sucked down over the model. Both sheets were also heated at first until the sheet temperature reached 80°C, then turned upside down, and the heated surface of the sheet was sucked down over the model. The thickness and fit of the mouthguard were measured at the central incisor and first molar. Differences in thickness and fit according to the measurement parts and the sheet conditions were analyzed by two‐way ANOVA.ResultsThe thickness of the mouthguard significantly differed by the measurement parts and the sheet conditions (P < 0.01), and the notched sheet maintained the required thickness. Fit differed between the measurement parts and the sheet conditions (P < 0.01), and the sheets formed as the heated surface contacted the working model showed better fit.ConclusionsThese results suggest that the ideal mouthguard with appropriate thickness and proper fit can be fabricated by notching a sheet and contacting the heated surface of the sheet to the working model.
The role of aquaporin‐4 and transient receptor potential vaniloid isoform 4 channels in the development of cytotoxic edema and associated extracellular diffusion parameter changes
Authors: Chmelova Martina , Sucha Petra , Bochin Marcel , Vorisek Ivan , Pivonkova Helena , Hermanova Zuzana , Anderova Miroslava , Vargova Lydia 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe proper function of the nervous system is dependent on the balance of ions and water between the intracellular and extracellular space (ECS). It has been suggested that the interaction of aquaporin‐4 (AQP4) and the transient receptor potential vaniloid isoform 4 (TRPV4) channels play a role in water balance and cell volume regulation, and indirectly, of theECSvolume. Using the real‐time iontophoretic method, we studied the changes of theECSdiffusion parameters:ECSvolume fractionα(α = ECSvolume fraction/total tissue volume) and tortuosityλ(λ2 = free/apparent diffusion coefficient) in mice with a genetic deficiency ofAQP4 orTRPV4 channels, and in control animals. The used models of cytotoxic edema included: mild and severe hypotonic stress or oxygen‐glucose deprivation (OGD) in situ and terminal ischemia/anoxia in vivo. This study shows that anAQP4 orTRPV4 deficit slows down theECSvolume shrinkage during severe ischemia in vivo. We further demonstrate that aTRPV4 deficit slows down the velocity and attenuates an extent of theECSvolume decrease duringOGDtreatment in situ. However, in any of the cytotoxic edema models in situ (OGD, mild or severe hypotonic stress), we did not detect any alterations in the cell swelling or volume regulation caused byAQP4 deficiency. Overall, our results indicate that theAQP4 andTRPV4 channels may play a crucial role in severe pathological states associated with their overexpression and enhanced cell swelling. However, detailed interplay betweenAQP4 andTRPV4 channels requires further studies and additional research.
Potential climate change impacts on Arctic char Salvelinus alpinus L. in Ireland
Authors: Connor Lynda , Shephard Samuel , Rocks Kieran , Kelly Fiona L. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractClimate change has been identified as a global threat to Arctic char Salvelinus alpinus L. populations. Bayesian statistical models were used to identify important physical and ecological factors explaining Arctic char presence and persistence in Irish lakes. Maximum lake depth and the presence of mixed fish communities (i.e. including non‐salmonid fish species) were the most important drivers of Arctic char presence. There was a 75% probability that an Irish lake would contain Arctic char when maximum depth exceeded 40 m, if only a salmonid community was present. However, the required depth increased to 57 m when a mixed fish community (e.g. pike, perch or roach) was present. Similar variables explained char persistence, with surviving Arctic char populations being more likely in lakes with greater maximum depth and fewer non‐salmonid fish species. Tested temperature covariates were not important in explaining Arctic char presence or persistence in Irish lakes. A risk analysis was undertaken to identify which Arctic char lakes are vulnerable to colonisation by thermally plastic mixed fish communities due to flooding. Results indicated that 32 out of 45 lakes were not at any risk from the colonisation of thermally plastic mixed fish communities and 13 lakes had some level of risk.
Relative importance of local and landscape variables on fish assemblages in streams of Brazilian savanna
Authors: Barbosa Hugo de Oliveira , Borges Pedro Paulino , Dala‐Corte Renato Bolson , Martins Patrick Thomaz de Aquino , Teresa Fabrício Barreto 
Published: January 2019

AbstractUnderstanding variability in the composition of aquatic assemblages requires a multiscale perspective, since processes operating at different spatial scales (from regional to local) drive the community assembly. Here, the relative importance of environmental variables on fish species composition in streams of the Brazilian savanna (Cerrado) is assessed and quantified at local and landscape scales. The importance of both local and landscape environmental variables in structuring fish assemblages was supported. Local variables explained a substantially higher amount of variance of fish assemblages than landscape variables. However, the shared explanation indicate that landscape variables had a complementary effect. The streams sampled were mostly headwaters at similar altitudes and with similar watershed sizes, so the sensitivity of the fish assemblages, even to small landscape gradients, is highlighted. Maintaining these important instream habitat characteristics close to natural conditions seems to be essential for conserving stream fish species, and for this, the landscape context should be taken into account. Considering the near‐pristine condition of the streams studied, these findings can be used as a reference for further studies addressing the effects of human modifications on stream fish biodiversity of the Cerrado.