Abstract 3163: The role of early response genes (ERG’s) as a biomarker of response to Wee1 targeted therapies
Authors: Dunne Victoria L. , McGivern Niamh , Savage Kienan I. , McCabe Nuala , Kennedy Richard 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Introduction: WEE1 kinase is a key component in maintaining the G2/M cell cycle checkpoint for pre-mitotic DNA repair, and is overexpressed in several cancer types. Novel therapeutics are currently being developed to target WEE1 kinase in cancer, however, to date no predictive biomarkers have been approved to aid patient stratification and clinical trial design. To address this, we employed a siRNA screening to identify tumour suppressor genes (TSGs) whose loss mediates sensitivity to WEE1 inhibition.
Experimental procedures: U2OS cells were reverse transfected with a customised siRNA library containing 3 independent siRNAs targeting 178 tumour suppressor genes and 24 hours later treated with either DMSO control or MK-1775 (Wee1 Kinase Inhibitor). Cell viability was measured using a cell titer-glo luminescent Cell Viability Assay 72 hours post-treatment. Hits were selected based on robust z-score analysis. Those genes with 2 or more targeted siRNAs demonstrating a robust z-score of ±1 median absolute deviation (MAD) were taken forward for validation studies. Sensitive hits were selected on a z-score of &lt;-1 and resistant hits were selected on a z-score of &gt;1. siRNA knockdown of WEE1 was performed in multiple human cancer cell lines and confirmed by western blotting and RT-q-PCR. Basal expression levels of phosphorylated WEE1, total WEE1, FOS and JUNB were assessed by western blotting.
Results: Consistent with previously published findings, the siRNA screen demonstrated that loss of BRCA2 conferred increased sensitivity to WEE1 inhibition (Aarts et al. 2015). The siRNA screen also identified an additional 12 TSGs whose loss mediated sensitivity and 14 TSGs whose loss mediated resistance to WEE1 kinase inhibition. Interestingly, we found that loss of two early response genes, FOS and JUNB conferred resistance to WEE1 inhibition. FOS and JUNB interact to form the AP1 heterodimer, and previous published work has demonstrated the presence of an AP1 binding motif on the WEE1 promoter (Kawasaki et al. 2003). Using publically available gene expression data (TCGA) we have shown a significant correlation between expression of WEE1 with FOS and JUNB in multiple cancer types.
Conclusions: Using a TSG siRNA screen, we have identified that loss of JUNB and FOS confers resistance to the WEE1 inhibitor MK1775. Future studies will investigate the mechanisms by which the loss of these genes affects response to WEE1 inhibition, and will also investigate the utility of these genes as predictive biomarkers for response to WEE1 inhibition in clinical samples, thereby aiding patient stratification.
Citation Format: Victoria L. Dunne, Niamh McGivern, Kienan I. Savage, Nuala McCabe, Richard Kennedy. The role of early response genes (ERG’s) as a biomarker of response to Wee1 targeted therapies [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 3163.