bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Serum developmental endothelial locus-1 is associated with severity of sepsis in animals and humans
Authors: Kim Won-Young , Lee Seung-Hwan , Kim Dong-Young , Ryu Hyun Jin , Chon Gyu Rak , Park Yun Young , Fu Yan , Huh Jin Won , Lim Chae-Man , Koh Younsuck , Choi Eun Young , Hong Sang-Bum 
Published: September 2019

AbstractDisruption of the endothelial glycocalyx has a prominent role in the pathophysiology of sepsis. Developmental endothelial locus-1 (Del-1) is an endothelial-derived anti-inflammatory factor. We hypothesized that degradation of the endothelial glycocalyx during sepsis may increase serum Del-1. A mouse model of sepsis was created using cecal ligation and puncture. In septic mice, the endothelial glycocalyx was nearly completely degraded, with less formation of Del-1 in the endothelium and extracellular matrix than in control mice. Serum Del-1 levels were significantly increased in the septic mice with increasing severity of sepsis. Serum Del-1 levels were also measured in 84 patients with sepsis and septic shock and in 20 control subjects. The median serum Del-1 level in patients with sepsis was significantly higher than that in healthy controls. The high Del-1 group had higher illness severity scores and contained more patients with organ dysfunction than the low Del-1 group. The 90-day mortality rate was significantly higher in the high Del-1 group than in the low Del-1 group. Multivariate analysis indicated a tendency for a high serum Del-1 level to be associated with a higher mortality risk. Increased serum Del-1 may be a novel diagnostic biomarker of sepsis and an indicator of disease severity.
Weighing the prognostic role of hyponatremia in hospitalized patients with metastatic solid tumors: the HYPNOSIS study
Authors: Fucà Giovanni , Mariani Luigi , Lo Vullo Salvatore , Galli Giulia , Berardi Rossana , Di Nicola Massimo , Vernieri Claudio , Morelli Daniele , Dotti Katia , Fiordoliva Ilaria , Rinaldi Silvia , Gavazzi Cecilia , Pietrantonio Filippo , Platania Marco , de Braud Filippo 
Published: September 2019

AbstractPrevious works linked low sodium concentration with mortality risk in cancer. We aimed at weighing the prognostic impact of hyponatremia in all consecutive patients with metastatic solid tumors admitted in a two-years period at our medical oncology department. Patients were included in two cohorts based on serum sodium concentration on admission. A total of 1025 patients were included, of whom 279 (27.2%) were found to be hyponatremic. The highest prevalence of hyponatremia was observed in biliary tract (51%), prostate (45%) and small-cell lung cancer (38.9%). With a median follow-up of 26.9 months, median OS was 2 months and 13.2 months for the hyponatremia versus control cohort, respectively (HR, 2.65; P < 0.001). In the multivariable model, hyponatremia was independently associated with poorer OS (HR, 1.66; P < 0.001). According to the multivariable model, a nomogram system was developed and validated in an external set of patients. We weighed over time the influence of hyponatremia on survival of patients with metastatic solid tumors and pointed out the possibility to exploit serum sodium assessment to design integrated prognostic tools. Our study also highlights the need for a deeper characterization of the biological role of extracellular sodium levels in tumor development and progression.
Atomoxetine produces oxidative stress and alters mitochondrial function in human neuron-like cells
Authors: Corona Juan Carlos , Carreón-Trujillo Sonia , González-Pérez Raquel , Gómez-Bautista Denise , Vázquez-González Daniela , Salazar-García Marcela 
Published: September 2019

AbstractAtomoxetine (ATX) is a non-stimulant drug used in the treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and is a selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor. It has been shown that ATX has additional effects beyond the inhibition of norepinephrine reuptake, affecting several signal transduction pathways and alters gene expression. Here, we study alterations in oxidative stress and mitochondrial function in human differentiated SH-SY5Y cells exposed over a range of concentrations of ATX. We found that the highest concentrations of ATX in neuron-like cells, caused cell death and an increase in cytosolic and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species, and alterations in mitochondrial mass, membrane potential and autophagy. Interestingly, the dose of 10 μM ATX increased mitochondrial mass and decreased autophagy, despite the induction of cytosolic and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species. Thus, ATX has a dual effect depending on the dose used, indicating that ATX produces additional active therapeutic effects on oxidative stress and on mitochondrial function beyond the inhibition of norepinephrine reuptake.
Full blood count as potential predictor of outcomes in patients undergoing cardiac resynchronization therapy
Authors: Papageorgiou Nikolaos , Falconer Debbie , Ioannou Adam , Wongwarawipat Tanakal , Barra Sergio , Tousoulis Dimitris , Lim Wei Yao , Khan Fakhar Z. , Ahsan Syed , Muthumala Amal , Hunter Ross J. , Finlay Malcolm , Creta Antonio , Rowland Edward , Lowe Martin , Segal Oliver R. , Schilling Richard J. , Lambiase Pier D. , Chow Anthony W. , Providência Rui 
Published: September 2019

AbstractAlmost a third of patients fulfilling current guidelines criteria have suboptimal responses following cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT). Circulating biomarkers may help identify these patients. We aimed to assess the predictive role of full blood count (FBC) parameters in prognosis of heart failure (HF) patients undergoing CRT device implantation. We enrolled 612 consecutive CRT patients and FBC was measured within 24 hours prior to implantation. The follow-up period was a median of 1652 days (IQR: 837–2612). The study endpoints were i) composite of all-cause mortality or transplant, and ii) reverse left ventricular (LV) remodeling. On multivariate analysis [hazard ratio (HR), 95% confidence interval (CI)] only red cell count (RCC) (p = 0.004), red cell distribution width (RDW) (p < 0.001), percentage of lymphocytes (p = 0.03) and platelet count (p < 0.001) predicted all-cause mortality. Interestingly, RDW (p = 0.004) and platelet count (p = 0.008) were independent predictors of reverse LV remodeling. This is the first powered single-centre study to demonstrate that RDW and platelet count are independent predictors of long-term all-cause mortality and/or heart transplant in CRT patients. Further studies, on the role of these parameters in enhancing patient selection for CRT implantation should be conducted to confirm our findings.
Reshaping cAMP nanodomains through targeted disruption of compartmentalised phosphodiesterase signalosomes
Authors: Blair Connor M. , Baillie George S. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Spatio-temporal regulation of localised cAMP nanodomains is highly dependent upon the compartmentalised activity of phosphodiesterase (PDE) cyclic nucleotide degrading enzymes. Strategically positioned PDE–protein complexes are pivotal to the homeostatic control of cAMP-effector protein activity that in turn orchestrate a wide range of cellular signalling cascades in a variety of cells and tissue types. Unsurprisingly, dysregulated PDE activity is central to the pathophysiology of many diseases warranting the need for effective therapies that target PDEs selectively. This short review focuses on the importance of activating compartmentalised cAMP signalling by displacing the PDE component of signalling complexes using cell-permeable peptide disrupters
Herschel map of Saturn’s stratospheric water, delivered by the plumes of Enceladus
Authors: Cavalié T. , Hue V. , Hartogh P. , Moreno R. , Lellouch E. , Feuchtgruber H. , Jarchow C. , Cassidy T. , Fletcher L. N. , Billebaud F. , Dobrijevic M. , Rezac L. , Orton G. S. , Rengel M. , Fouchet T. , Guerlet S. 
Published: September 2019

Context. The origin of water in the stratospheres of giant planets has been an outstanding question ever since its first detection by the Infrared Space Observatory some 20 years ago. Water can originate from interplanetary dust particles, icy rings and satellites, and large comet impacts. Analyses of Herschel Space Observatory observations have proven that the bulk of Jupiter’s stratospheric water was delivered by the Shoemaker-Levy 9 impacts in 1994. In 2006, the Cassini mission detected water plumes at the South Pole of Enceladus, which made the moon a serious candidate for Saturn’s stratospheric water. Further evidence was found in 2011 when Herschel demonstrated the presence of a water torus at the orbital distance of Enceladus that was fed by the moon’s plumes. Finally, water falling from the rings onto Saturn’s uppermost atmospheric layers at low latitudes was detected during the final orbits of Cassini’s end-of-mission plunge into the atmosphere.
Aims. In this paper, we use Herschel mapping observations of water in Saturn’s stratosphere to identify its source.
Methods. We tested several empirical models against the Herschel-HIFI and -PACS observations, which were collected on December 30, 2010, and January 2, 2011, respectively.
Results. We demonstrate that Saturn’s stratospheric water is not uniformly mixed as a function of latitude, but peaks at the equator and decreases poleward with a Gaussian distribution. We obtain our best fit with an equatorial mole fraction 1.1 ppb and a half width at half maximum of 25°, when accounting for a temperature increase in the two warm stratospheric vortices produced by Saturn’s Great Storm of 2010–2011.
Conclusions. This work demonstrates that Enceladus is the main source of Saturn’s stratospheric water.
Liebe Leserinnen und Leser,
Authors: Buchner Helmut 
Published: September 2019

Liebe Leserinnen und Leser,haben EEG, Neuro-Myografie, Evozierte Potenziale und Hirnstammreflexe in Zeiten der Magnettomografie und funktionellen Bildgebung noch einen Wert, ja gar eine Zukunft?Mit einem Abschnitt aus der Einführung, die Robert Wartenberg für sein Buch „Neurologische Untersuchungsmethoden in der Sprechstunde“ Thieme Verlag 1954 geschrieben hat, möchte ich Sie zum Nachdenken anregen:
Personalsituation auf neonatologischen und pädiatrischen Intensivstationen – eine europaweite Umfrage
Authors: Michel Jörg , Hofbeck Michael , Gerster Lisa , Neunhoeffer Felix 
Published: September 2019

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund In den vergangenen Jahren zeichnet sich ein zunehmender Fachkräfte- und Pflegemangel im Gesundheitswesen der Bundesrepublik Deutschland ab. Insbesondere im hochspezialisierten Bereich der neonatologischen und pädiatrischen Intensivmedizin kann dies zu Versorgungsengpässen führen.
Methode Wir führten eine Umfrage zur Erfassung der Personalsituation auf 583 neonatologischen und pädiatrischen Intensivstationen in Europa durch.
Ergebnisse Die Rücklaufquote betrug 48,5%. Als wesentliches Ergebnis zeigte sich in Deutschland eine geringere Stellenbesetzung im pflegerischen Bereich im Vergleich zu den anderen teilnehmenden Ländern (90,4% gegenüber 95,8%, p<0,001). Zudem werden in Deutschland durchschnittlich mehr neonatologische Patienten pro Pflegekraft versorgt (3,0 gegenüber 2,3, p<0,001). Die Anwesenheit von Fach- und Oberärzten ist auf deutschen Intensivstationen werktags (12,0 h gegenüber 14,6 h, p=0,04) und am Wochenende (8,9 h gegenüber 13,2 h, p=0,003) geringer als in den anderen Ländern, wobei länderübergreifend der Wunsch nach einer längeren Facharztanwesenheit besteht.
Diskussion Unsere Ergebnisse zeigen eine im internationalen Vergleich schlechtere Besetzung von Pflegestellen auf neonatologischen und pädiatrischen Intensivstationen in Deutschland. Der dadurch drohende Qualitätsverlust in der Patientenversorgung wird dadurch verstärkt, dass im Vergleich in Deutschland vergleichsweise weniger Zeit durch fach- und oberärztliche Anwesenheit abgedeckt wird. Mögliche Folgen sind Zunahme von Komplikationen mit Gefährdung des Behandlungserfolgs, Versorgungsengpässen und psychischen sowie physischen Erkrankungen der Mitarbeiter führen.
Schlussfolgerung Im internationalen Vergleich zeigt sich ein Fachkräftemangel auf neonatologischen und pädiatrischen Intensivstationen in Deutschland. Dies unterstreicht die Notwendigkeit von energischen Maßnahmen zur Beseitigung des Pflegenotstands und Prävention eines drohenden Ärztemangel.
Bildgebung bei axialer Spondyloarthritis – Herausforderungen und Limitationen
Authors: Kiefer David , Baraliakos Xenofon 
Published: September 2019

ZusammenfassungDie Bildgebung hat in der Diagnostik der axialen Spondyloarthritis, neben Anamnese, Klinik und der Bestimmung von HLA B27, einen zentralen Stellenwert, zum einen in der täglichen klinischen Praxis zur Diagnosefindung und zum anderen in der klinischen Forschung. Patienten mit axialer Spondyloarthritis leiden unter tiefsitzenden entzündlichen Rückenschmerzen sowie einer morgendlich betonten Steifigkeit des Achsenskelettes. Die zugrunde liegenden z. T. pathognomonischen bildgebenden Befunde sind osteoresorptive und osteoproliferative Veränderungen der Sakroiliakalgelenke und der Wirbelsäule. Initial sind entzündliche Veränderungen, hinweisend auf eine Sakroiliitis oder Spondylitis, die hauptsächlichen Manifestationen im Achsenskelett, gefolgt von strukturellen Läsionen, die zu Knochenneubildungen bis hin zur vollständigen Ankylose, wie sie bei fortgeschrittenen Erkrankungen zu beobachten sind, führen können. Die Darstellung von aktiven und chronischen Veränderungen sowie ihre richtige Interpretation ist die Herausforderung an die bildgebenden Verfahren sowie an die Befunder. Derzeit kann in der klinischen Routine nur die MRT, durch gleichzeitige Darstellung von aktiven und strukturellen Läsionen und ihrer anatomischen Lage, sowohl Entzündungen als auch Knochenumbauten erfassen. Da Knochenmarködeme in der MRT der Sakroiliakalgelenke auch bei Gesunden oder Sportlern auftreten können, sollten sie im Kontext mit gleichzeitig bestehenden strukturellen Schäden sowie zusammen mit den klinischen Symptomen und der Anamnese interpretiert werden. Obwohl die klassische Röntgenaufnahme des Beckens noch der aktuelle Standard der Bildgebung zur Diagnostik der axSpA ist und ein fester Bestandteil der New York Kriterien, ist ein kritisches Auseinandersetzen mit dem konventionellen Röntgen aufgrund eingeschränkter Sensitivität und Interreaderrealibilität sowie der bestehenden Strahlenbelastung durchaus gerechtfertigt. Die CT ist, v. a. zur detaillierten Darstellung struktureller Läsionen, weiterhin eher Gegenstand der klinischen Forschung. Wenn die apparative Möglichkeit besteht, sollte die MRT die bevorzugte bildgebende Methode zur Diagnostik der axSpA sein, um die Diagnose frühzeitig zu stellen. Die kontextbezogene Interpretation der bildgebenden Verfahren sowie die enge Zusammenarbeit zwischen Radiologen und Rheumatologen ist von größter Bedeutung.
A Case Report of Burning Mouth Syndrome Treated with Individualised Homeopathy
Authors: Gaertner Katharina , Frei-Erb Martin 
Published: September 2019

Introduction Burning mouth syndrome (BMS) is a rare disease of unknown origin. No efficient treatment is known, and integrative approaches are warranted. So far, individualised homeopathy (iHOM) has not been evaluated or reported in any peer-reviewed journal as a treatment option.
Methods At the Centre of Complementary Medicine at a university institute in Switzerland, a 38-year-old patient with BMS and various co-morbidities was treated with iHOM between July 2014 and August 2018. The treatment involved prescription of individually selected homeopathic single remedies. During follow-up visits, outcome was assessed with two validated questionnaires concerning patient-reported outcomes. To assess whether the documented changes were likely to be associated with the homeopathic intervention, an assessment using the modified Naranjo criteria was performed.
Results Over an observation period of 4 years, an increasingly beneficial result from iHOM was noted for oral dysaesthesia and pains as well as for the concomitant symptoms.
Conclusion Considering the multi-factorial aetiology of BMS, a therapeutic approach such as iHOM that integrates the totality of symptoms and complaints of a patient might be of value in cases where an association of psychological factors and the neuralgic complaints is likely.
Ligation of Left Atrial Appendage during Off-Pump Coronary Surgery
Authors: Enginoev Soslan , Koz'min Dmitry , Magomedov Gasan , Makeev Sergey , Chernov Igor , Ilov Nikolay , Tarasov Dmiry , Zhigalov Konstantin , Weymann Alexander 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Objective The main purpose of this article is to evaluate an impact of epicardial ligation of the left atrial appendage (LAA) in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCAB) on the development of ischemic stroke and mortality.
Methods From 2009 to 2013, a total of 125 patients (86.4% men, mean age 64 ± 7 years, 95% confidence interval: 61–65 years) received a combined OPCAB and LAA ligation because of coronary artery disease and AF. All the subjects were divided into two groups: group 1 (n = 57)—LAA ligation during OPCAB, group 2 (n = 68) without LAA ligation during OPCAB. Primary endpoints were postoperative incidence of ischemic stroke and mortality.
Results No difference in the number of ischemic stroke (0 vs. 5.9%) and death (0 vs. 4.4%) in both groups during the hospital period (p > 0.05). Median overall follow-up was 41 (22–61) months: without difference for groups (p > 0.05). During follow-up, there was a difference in the number of ischemic stroke (0 vs. 17.6%, p < 0.001), while there was no difference in mortality in two study groups (5.3 vs. 16.2%, p > 0.05).
Conclusion Epicardial ligation of LAA during OPCAB in patients with AF may reduce the risk of ischemic stroke in long-term follow-up and does not affect the mortality.
SAVR versus TAVI: What about the Hemodynamic Performance? An In Vivo and In Vitro Analysis
Authors: Rahmanian Parwis Baradaran , Eghbalzadeh Kaveh , Giese Daniel , Kuhn Elmar W. , Djordjevic Ilija , Kaya Süreyya , Weber Carolyn , Baldus Stephan , Mader Navid , Wahlers Thorsten C.W. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background Surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) is nowadays discussed whether it remains the gold standard of treatment. In the last decade, there has been a tremendous increase in transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) due to the growing expertise and excellent results of the catheter-based approach. We, therefore, retrospectively compared the rapid deployment valve (RDV), the Edwards Intuity valve (IEV), with the Edwards Sapien 3 (S3V) with regard to post-procedural hemodynamics.
Methods A total of 246 patients treated with TAVI or SAVR between February 2009 and November 2015 were included. One-hundred twenty-five patients were analyzed in the SAVR group and compared with 121 patients undergoing TAVI. Transvalvular pressure gradients (PGs) and the incidence and extent of aortic regurgitation (AR) were compared post-procedurally by echocardiography for each valve size. In vitro hemodynamics were analyzed by placing both valves into an aortic silicone phantom connected to a pulsatile flow pump and measured using phase-contrast magnetic resonance imaging (4D flow MRI).
Results Post-procedurally, mean transvalvular PGs for the 23 mm valves were 9 (7;11.5) versus 13 (9;18) (p < 0.001), whereas maximum PGs were 16.5 (14;22) versus 25.5 mm Hg (17.5;34) (p < 0.001) in IEV and S3V patients, respectively. The 21 mm IEV showed significantly lower transvalvular PGs compared with the 23 mm S3V: mean PGs: 11 (8;13) versus 13 (9;18) (p < 0.05); maximum PG: 19.5 (13;24) versus 25.5 (18;34) mm Hg (p < 0.05). Analysis revealed significantly lower post-procedural transvalvular PGs for larger valves sizes. With respect to AR, the incidence of AR was significantly lower in IEV group (p < 0.05). In vitro velocities and turbulent kinetic energy values showed similar results between both valves.
Conclusion Implanted RDVs presented a lower incidence of paravalvular regurgitation and were associated with significantly lower post-procedural transvalvular PGs, especially for small valve sizes. Our data might support the application of rapid deployment aortic valves in patients with small aortic annulus in the TAVI era.
Childhood Dystonia-Parkinsonism Following Infantile Spasms—Clinical Clue to Diagnosis in Early Beta-Propeller Protein-Associated Neurodegeneration
Authors: Hornemann Frauke , Le Duc Diana , Roth Christian , Pfäffle Roland , Huhle Dagmar , Merkenschlager Andreas 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Introduction Beta-propeller protein-associated neurodegeneration (BPAN) is a very rare, X-linked dominant (XLD) inherited member of the neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation (NBIA) disease family.
Case report We present a female case of BPAN with infantile spasms in the first year, Rett-like symptomatology, focal epilepsy, and loss of motor skills in childhood. Menarche occurred at the age of 9, after precocious pubarche and puberty.Dystonia-parkinsonism as extrapyramidal sign at the age of 10 years resulted in radiological and genetic work-up.
Results Burke–Fahn–Marsden Dystonia Rating Scale (BFMDRS) measured 66/120 points in body part-related dystonia symptoms. Cerebrospinal fluid examination showed dopamine depletion.T2 and B0 sequences of the diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging showed susceptibility artifacts with NBIA-typical hypointense globus pallidus (GP) and substantia nigra (SN). Next-generation sequencing revealed a BPAN-causing pathogenic variant in WDR45 (WD repeat-containing protein 45) gene (c.830 + 1G > A, XLD, heterozygous, de novo). Skewed X-inactivation was measured (2:98).
Conclusions Autophagy-related X-linked BPAN disease might still be underdiagnosed in female cases of infantile spasms.Skewed X-inactivation will have mainly influenced the uncommon, very early childhood neurodegenerative symptomatology in the present BPAN case. Oral levodopa substitution led to improvement in sleep disorder, hypersalivation, and swallowing.Reduced white matter and hypointense signals in SN and GP on susceptibility sequences in magnetic resonance imaging are characteristic radiological findings of advanced disease in NBIA. No BPAN-typical halo sign in T1-weighted scan at midbrain level was seen at the age of 11 years. NBIA panel is recommended for early diagnosis.
The long-term impact of the Communist Revolution on social stratification in contemporary China
Authors: Xie Yu , Zhang Chunni 
Published: September 2019

Significance
Utilizing the latest, high-quality, 3-generation data, this article reports findings from a systematic study of the long-term impact of the Communist Revolution on the social stratification order in today’s China. It is found that the revolution disrupted the cross-generational reproduction of the prevailing social stratification at the time of the revolution in promoting the social status of children of the peasant and worker classes and disadvantaging those from privileged classes. Despite a tendency for “reversion” mitigating the revolution’s effects in the third generation toward the grandparents’ generation in social status, the impact of the revolution on the educational attainment of descendants by class classification immediately following the revolution remains strong even after 6 decades have passed.