bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Obesity and Body Composition in Man and Woman: Associated Diseases and the New Role of Gut Microbiota
Authors: Avolio Ennio , Gualtieri Paola , Romano Lorenzo , Pecorella Claudio , Ferraro Simona , Palma Giuseppe , Di Renzo Laura , De Lorenzo Antonino 
Published: March 2019

Background:
Obesity is now recognized as a worldwide health issue and has
reached epidemic proportions, affecting both developed and developing countries. The World
Obesity Federation stated that “Obesity is a chronic relapsing disease process”: as a result,
obesity has been recognized internationally as a chronic disease.

:
The primary cause of the metabolic syndrome and increase of the cardiovascular risk have
been identified in "sick fat", a condition then defined as adiposopathy. Heart attacks, strokes
and renal failures are pathologies that have mid-risk factors such as dyslipidemia, hypertension
and diabetes, which in turn are caused by obesity, whose primary risk factor is represented
by the diet. The aim of the present review is to consider the importance of body composition,
together with chronic inflammation and a new gut microbiota data that may turn out
to be crucial elements of some target treatment of human obesity.

Methods:
In this review, we performed research using PubMed database reviewing the evidence
in the literature of evidence information regarding the link between obesity and body
composition in the development of metabolic disease via inflammation markers and in particular,
the new role exerted by gut microbiota.

Results:
Several papers were evaluated searching for differences in fat mass and disease risk.
We also identified the same papers dealing with differences in body composition and metabolic
syndrome. Our attention focuses also on a new frontier of gut microbiota composition in
the body weight decrease and anti-inflammatory effects.

Conclusion:
To the saving of lean mass, for the prevention of cardiometabolic diseases, also
considering the relationship with obesity, it is necessary to reduce the inflammatory state, acting
on the gut-microbiota and on the intestinal permeability. To improve the health of the intestinal
flora, we propose a 4P medicine and treatment with probiotics, prebiotics, postbiotics,
and polyphenols.
Progress in Molecularly Imprinted Polymers for Biomedical Applications
Authors: Choi Jane Ru , Yong Kar Wey , Choi Jean Yu , Cowie Alistair C. 
Published: March 2019

Background:
Molecularly Imprinted Polymers (MIPs), a type of biomimetic materials
have attracted considerable interest owing to their cost-effectiveness, good physiochemical
stability, favorable specificity and selectivity for target analytes, and long shelf life. These
materials are able to mimic natural recognition entities, including biological receptors and
antibodies, providing a versatile platform to achieve the desirable functionality for various
biomedical applications.

Objective:
In this review article, we introduce the most recent development of MIPs to date. We
first highlight the advantages of using MIPs for a broad range of biomedical applications. We then
review their various methods of synthesis along with their latest progress in biomedical
applications, including biosensing, drug delivery, cell imaging and drug discovery. Lastly, the
existing challenges and future perspectives of MIPs for biomedical applications are briefly
discussed.

Conclusion:
We envision that MIPs may be used as potential materials for diverse biomedical
applications in the near future.
Chlorosulfonic Acid Supported Piperidine-4-carboxylic Acid (PPCA) Functionalized Fe3O4 Nanoparticles (Fe3O4-PPCA): The Efficient, Green and Reusable Nanocatalyst for the Synthesis of Pyrazolyl Coumarin Derivatives under Solvent-Free Conditions
Authors: Habibzadeh Setareh , Ghasemnejad-Bosra Hassan , Haghdadi Mina , Heydari-Parastar Soheila 
Published: March 2019

Background:
In this study, we developed a convenient methodology for the synthesis of
coumarin linked to pyrazolines and pyrano [2,3-h] coumarins linked to 3-(1,5-diphenyl-4,5-
dihydro-1H-pyrazol-3-yl)-chromen-2-one derivatives using Chlorosulfonic acid supported
Piperidine-4-carboxylic acid (PPCA) functionalized Fe3O4 nanoparticles (Fe3O4-PPCA) catalyst.

Materials and Methods::
Fe3O4-PPCA was investigated as an efficient and magnetically
recoverable Nanocatalyst for the one-pot synthesis of substituted coumarins from the reaction of
coumarin with a variety of aromatic aldehydes in high to excellent yield at room temperature under
solvent-free conditions. The magnetic nanocatalyst can be easily recovered by applying an external
magnet device and reused for at least 10 reaction runs without considerable loss of reactivity.

Results and Conclusion:
The advantages of this protocol are the use of commercially available
materials, simple and an inexpensive procedure, easy separation, and an eco-friendly procedure,
and it shows good reaction times, good to high yields, inexpensive and practicability procedure,
and high efficiency.
Herb-Drug Interactions and Hepatotoxicity
Authors: Parvez Mohammad K. , Rishi Vikas 
Published: March 2019

Background:In recent times, herbals or phytomedicines have become very popular due to their global acceptance as a complementary and alternative remedy. While modern drugs are commercially available only after laboratory validations, clinical trials, as well as approval from drug regulatory authorities, majority of the marketed herbal products lack such scientific evidence of efficacy and safety. This results in herb or herb-drug interaction induced unfavorable clinical outcomes without crucial documentation on their temporal relations and concomitant use.Methods:An online literature search for peer-reviewed articles was conducted on the PubMed, Europe PMC, Medline and Google Scholar portals, using the phrases: complementary & alternative medicine, traditional Chinese medicine, herb-drug interaction, mechanisms of herb-drug interaction, herb-induced toxicity, herbal hepatotoxicity and causality, traditional medicine, viral hepatitis, etc.Results:The retrieved data showed that globally, patients are attracted to herbal remedies with the misconception that these are completely safe and therefore, use them simultaneously with prescription drugs. Notably, there exists a potential risk of herb-drug interactions leading to some adverse side effects, including hepatotoxicity. The toxicological effect of a drug or herb is due to the inhibition of drug metabolizing enzymes (e.g., cytochrome P450), including interactions with certain prescription drugs through various mechanisms. Several cases of hepatotoxicity due to use of herbals in viral hepatitis-related liver diseases have been recently reported. However, limited experimental data and clinical evidence on herbal pharmacokinetics hamper the evaluation and reporting of adverse reactions and the underlying mechanisms.Conclusion:Herb-drug interaction related morbidity is thus an emerging serious public health issue with broad implications for clinicians, pharmaceutical industries and health authorities. Nonetheless, despite increasing recognition of herb-drug interaction, a standard system for interaction prediction and evaluation is still nonexistent. This review article discusses the herb-drug interactions related hepatotoxicity and underlying mechanisms, including drug metabolizing enzymes and their regulation.
Validity of Visceral Fat Area Measurement by Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis in Japanese Obese Individuals
Authors: Hamasaki Hidetaka , Furuta Masashi , Yanai Hidekatsu 
Published: March 2019

Introduction:
Obesity management is a critical global issue. It is essential to evaluate visceral
adiposity which is associated with metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease.

Aim:
This study aims at precisely evaluating the necessity of visceral adipose tissue in obesity management.

Methods:
We assessed the validity of visceral fat area (VFA) measurement using bioelectrical impedance
analysis (BIA) with computed tomography (CT) as a reference in obese subjects. Although VFABIA
exhibited significant correlation with VFACT, the difference between VFACT and VFABIA increased with
an advancing degree of obesity.

Result and Conclusion:
The BIA device seemingly underestimated VFA in obese subjects compared
with the normal-weight subjects.
Design, Synthesis and Pharmacological Evaluation of Gastro- Protective Anti-inflammatory Analgesic Agents based on Dual Oxidative Stress / Cyclooxygenase Inhibition
Authors: Gaba Monika , Singh Sarbjot , Mohan Chander , Dhingra Richa , Chauhan Monika , Rana Priyanka , Dhingra Neelima 
Published: March 2019

Background:
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) derived local
generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) plays a crucial role in the formation of gastric
ulceration.

Objective:
Therefore, anti-inflammatory analgesics with potent antioxidant activity could
be a potential therapeutic strategy for the treatment of pain and inflammatory disorders
without gastrointestinal (GI) side effects.

Methods:
In an effort to develop gastroprotective analgesic and anti-inflammatory agents,
a series of 2-methylamino-substituted-1H-benzo[d] imidazol-1-yl) (phenyl) methanone derivatives
were synthesized and evaluated in vitro for cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibition as
well as anti-oxidant potential by the FRAP assay. The compounds with significant in vitro
COX-1/COX-2 inhibitory activity and antioxidant activity were further screened in vivo for
their anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities. Moreover, the ulcerogenic potential of test
compounds was also studied. To gain insight into the plausible mode of interaction of
compounds within the active sites of COX-1 and COX-2, molecular docking simulations
were performed.

Results:
Among the various synthesized molecules, most of the compounds showed good
cyclooxygenase inhibitory activity and efficient antioxidant activity in FRAP assay. After
preliminary and indicative in vitro assays, three compounds exhibited most significant antiinflammatory
and analgesic activity with better gastric tolerability during their in vivo
evaluation. Ligand interaction studies indicated highest dock score -43.05 of 1,2-
disubstituted benzimidazole derivatives in comparison to the reference ligand -30.70.
Overall studies provided us (2-((4-methoxyphenylamino) methyl) -1h-benzo [d] imidazol-
1-yl) (phenyl) methanone as a lead with potent gastro-protective anti-inflammatory and analgesic
activities that can be used for future research.

Conclusion:
From the above results, it can be concluded that designing of multifunctional
molecules with COX-1/COX-2 inhibitory and anti-oxidant activities could hold a great
promise for further development of GI-safer NSAIDs.
Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Psychometric Properties of Osteoporosis Knowledge Tool-Arabic Version Among Iraqi Population
Authors: Abdulameer Shaymaa Abdalwahed , Sahib Mohanad Naji 
Published: March 2019

Background:Osteoporosis is a major public health problem as the majority of people are not aware of the disease until the complications occur.Objective:The aims of this study were to validate Osteoporosis Knowledge Tool (OKT-A) Arabic version and to assess the osteoporosis knowledge among Iraqi general population.Methods:A descriptive, cross-sectional study was carried out in the city of Baghdad with a random cluster sampling method from the community. Forward–backward-forward translation method was used to translate the OKT questionnaire from English into Arabic language. The psychometric assessment process includes: face validity, reliability (Cronbach’s alpha and test-retest), item difficulty index, point biserial correlation and discriminatory power.Results:The results showed good face validity. The Cronbach’s alpha and Pearson correlation coefficient of the test re-test reliability were 0.775 and 0.412, respectively. Item difficulty index, point biserial correlation ranges and discriminatory power were 0.105 to 0.852, 0.105 to 0.445 and 0.933, respectively. These results demonstrated that OKT-A was a reliable and stable tool. The results showed low OKT-A scores 11.50±3.958. Furthermore, the OKT-A scores and its subscales were less than 50%. In addition, there were significant differences between the following independent variables in relation to total OKT-A scores: educational level, do you have osteoporosis or ever heard about osteoporosis. Moreover, there was a significant association between ever heard about osteoporosis groups and the OKT-A knowledge levels.Conclusion:This study showed good validity and reliability of OKT-A tool among Arabic general population. In addition, the results showed an urgent need for implementing an educational programme and should be a public health practice to increase the knowledge toward osteoporosis and its related risk factor.
In Vitro Quantitative Resistance Components in Wheat Plants to Fusarium Head Blight
Authors: Sakr Nachaat 
Published: March 2019

Background:

In vitro tools have proved to be very useful in identifying quantitative resistance in wheat to Fusarium Head Blight (FHB) infection. However, there is a need to understand how the different in vitro and in planta tests correlate to describe the level of wheat resistance to FHB infection.

Objective and Methods:
We evaluated the correlation between in vitro symptom assessment using nine quantitative resistance criteria and in planta disease severity for Type II resistance assessment using a set of 16 FHB isolates across two widely grown Syrian wheat cultivars: Cham1 (durum) and Cham6 (bread).

Results:
Cultivar differences after inoculation with fungal isolates in seedlings and adult plants relative to the controls were detected. There were significant differences in the resistance of two wheat cultivars as measured by adult FHB resistance, Latent Period (LP) of detached leaf inoculation and standardized Area Under Disease Progress Curve (AUDPCstandard) of modified Petri-dish inoculation. Correlation coefficients between FHB severity and the two in vitro components LP and AUDPCstandard were significant (r=0.545 with p<0.05, and r=0.659 with p<0.01, respectively). No significant differences in the resistance of Cham6 and Cham1 were indicated for the other seven in vitro components: incubation period and lesion length of detached leaf inoculation, germination rate reduction and coleoptile length reduction of modified Petri-dish inoculation and lesion length of clip-dipping inoculation and percentage of infected seedlings of foliar-spraying and pin-point inoculations. Results from these seven components were not correlated with adult FHB resistance. Longer latent period and less AUDPCstandard were related to greater FHB disease-type II resistance.

Conclusion:
LP and AUDPCstandard are indicators of mechanisms of resistance occurring in the whole plant during FHB infection. Therefore, the idea of using in vitro components is based on their predictive ability of in planta adult FHB resistance.
Empirical Analysis of Claims Development Trapezoids following Benford’s Law
Authors: Heberle Jochen , Gummersbach Tobias 
Published: March 2019

In this paper we make an empirical analysis of a wide range of claims developmenttrapezoids following Benford’s law. In particular we determine Benfors’s law fordifferent characteristic factors depending on claims development triangles/trapezoids.These characteristic factors are the cumulative claims payments, the incrementalclaims payments and the individual development factors. For each characteristic factor hypothesis testing is done for verifying/rejecting Benford’s law.
The Impact of Socioeconomic Status on the Psychological Distress of Breast Cancer Patients in Kolkata"
Authors: Datta Arunima , Sharma Rimi 
Published: March 2019

Background: Breast cancer patients experience a variety of psychological symptoms such as anxiety, depression that affect their quality of life. The present study probed whether the socioeconomic status had any significance on psychological distress and quality of life of breast cancer patients in India. Method: This was a cross-sectional and observational study, conducted over 111 breast cancer patients in a tertiary cancer hospital, Kolkata. Subjects were eligible to participate and they were of over 23rd years of age and had a histologically confirmed diagnosis of breast cancer had no history of recurrence or metastasis, and had no previous psychological problems. Age, marital status, residence, education, occupation and family income were assesses for patients’ socio economic status. Psychological symptoms and quality of life were assessed by using validated tools. Means and standard deviations of each outcome were compared by socioeconomic status and multivariate linear regression models for evaluating the association between socioeconomic status, psychological distress and quality of lifeResults: The patient group was categorized into three groups based on their income level as follows: ≤500=27.9%), 500-1000=51.4% and high income = ≥1000=20.7%. A total of 111 breast cancer patients participated in the study; the mean age of participants was 49.7 (SE=1.31). After using multivariate logistic regression with fully adjusted models, the patients who were living alone had significantly higher level of depression and poor quality of life compared to those who are employed. Higher education and family income both positively associated with quality of life after adjusting for age, marital status and occupation. Conclusion: The findings revealed that the family income have a significant impact on the psychological distress of the cancer patients.
The Riccati-Bernoulli Sub-ODE Technique for Solving the Deterministic (Stochastic) Generalized-Zakharov System
Authors: Abdelrahman Mahmoud A.E. , Sohaly M. A. 
Published: March 2019

This article concerns with the construction of the analytical traveling wave so- lutions for the Generalized-Zakharov System by the Riccati-Bernoulli Sub- ODE technique. Also, we will discuss this technique in random case by using random traveling wave trans- formation in order to find what is the effect of the randomness input for this technique. We presented the Generalized-Zakharov System as an example to show the difference effect between the deterministic and stochastic Riccati-Bernoulli Sub-ODE technique. The first moment of random solution is computed for different statistical probability distributions.
Investigation of Flood Distribution and Feeding Performance of Artificial RED Garden in Shahr-E-Reza on Quantity and Quality of Groundwater Table, Isfahan, Iran
Authors: Eslamian1 Saeid , Godarzi1 Ahmad , Ostad-Ali-Askari2 Kaveh , Gholami2 Hossein , Soltani3 Morteza , Pazdar4 Sona , Nekooei1 Mohsen , Heidarian1 Ali 
Published: March 2019

Increasing water consumption has increased using of synthetic nutritional methods for enriching groundwater resources. Artificial feeding is a method that can save excess water for using in low level water time in underground. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the performance of the flood dispersal and artificial feeding system in the Red Garden of Shahr-e-Daghshan and improving, saving quality of the groundwater table in the area. In order to investigate the performance of these plans, an area of 1570 km2 was considered in the Southern of Shah-Reza. The statistics data from 5 years before the design of the plans (1986-2002) related to flood control fluctuations in 20 observation wells and many indicator Qanat were surveyed in this area. The annual fluctuations in the level of the station show a rise in the level of the station after the depletion of the plan. Dewatering of the first and second turns, with an increase of more than one meter above groundwater level, has had the highest impact on the level of groundwater table in the region. Reduced permeability at sediment levels, wasted flood through evaporation and wasteful exploitation of groundwater resources, cause to loss of the impact on the increase in the level and quality of groundwater in the area, especially in the dry, drought season and recent high droughts.
Formation clusters of nature using in agrarian regions of Dagestan: theory and practice
Authors: Magomedovich Eldarov Eldar , Jamalutdigadzhievi Gadzhiev Magomedkamil 
Published: March 2019

The principles and methods of strategic analysis of processes of using natural resources of Dagestan are justified. The purpose of the study is determined by the tasks of forming territorial clusters capable of ensuring the growth of the competitiveness of the regional economy and the intensification of the mechanisms of public-private partnership. The term "cluster of natural resource management ", underlying the basis of the work, on content corresponds to the notion of a territorial cluster that is at the initial stages of its development. The formation of territorial clusters in rural areas of Dagestan is aimed, in particular, to overcome the dominant trend of monopolized for many decades, it means the indifferent in solving the problems of low level and quality of life of the rural population, resource use.
Solving k-obnoxious facility location problem on a plane
Authors: Bhattacharya Utpal Kumar 
Published: March 2019

In this paper k-obnoxious facility location problem has been modeled as a pure planner location problem. Area restriction concept has been incorporated by inducting a convex polygon in the constraints set. A linear programming iterative algorithm for k- obnoxious facility locations has been developed. An upper bound has been incorporated in the algorithm to get the optimal solution. Also the concept of upper bound has reduced the number of linear programming problems to solved in the algorithm. Rectilinear distance norm has been considered as the distance measure as it is more appropriate to the various realistic situations.
Developing a route filtering system for street network development by integrating GIS and space syntax: a case study from tehran, Iran
Authors: Rismanchian 1 Omid , Bell 1 Simon , Mokhtarzadeh Safoora 
Published: March 2019

Throughout the urban development process over the last seven decades in Tehran, Iran many self-generated neighbourhoods have developed, in which the majority of the residents are low-income families. The main spatial attribute of these deprived neighbourhoods in space syntax terms is spatial isolation from the surrounding, more affluent areas, which is accompanied by inadequate urban infrastructure and a lack of accessibility and permeability. This paper discusses a method of developing a route filtering system for identifying the most suitable streets for the creation of a pedestrian-friendly network, using an example of a deprived area, in order to integrate it with the surrounding urban fabric. The theory of ‘Natural Movement’ formed the basis of the research, the spatial pattern being analysed through Space Syntax using Depthmap software and GIS. The results showed that it is possible to identify the underlying spatial pattern using this approach and this could form a very cost effective basis for developing a pedestrian friendly street network, in order to release the deprived area from its spatial isolation.