bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improved growth and developmental activity post tracheostomy in preterm infants with severe BPD
Authors: Luo Jun , Shepard Suzanne , Nilan Kathleen , Wood Audrey , Monk Heather M. , Jensen Erik A. , Harrington Ann T. , Maschhoff Kathryn , Kirpalani Haresh , Feng Zhichun , Zhang Huayan 
Published: July 2018

AbstractObjectivesTo examine growth, sedation needs, and participation in developmental activities before and after tracheostomy among infants with severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia.MethodsRetrospective analysis of infants born at <32 weeks’ gestation or birth weights <1500 g with severe BPD who underwent tracheostomy placement between January 1, 2010 and December 31, 2016 in a quaternary referral newborn and infant intensive care unit. Changes in growth parameters and frequency/type of participation in physical therapy sessions performed during the 4‐weeks before tracheostomy and 4‐weeks after the first tracheostomy tube change were compared.ResultsA total of 72 patient were included in the study. Average weekly gain in weight, length, and head circumference were significantly higher during the 4‐week period after compared to before tracheostomy. The most significant change occurred for linear growth (0.71 ± 0.40 cm/wk pre vs 0.97 ± 0.48 cm/wk pre, P < 0.001). Median Z score improved for weight (pre −1.42 [−3,10, −0.33] vs post −0.91 [−2.7, 0.27], P < 0.001), length (pre −3.07 [−4.39, −1.31] vs post −1.95 [−3.83, −0.93], P < 0.001) and weight‐to‐length ratio (pre 1.66 [0.58, 2.55] vs post 1.32 [0.17, 2.2], P = 0.02). Participation in developmental therapies significantly improved post tracheostomy (pre vs post: 5.2 ± 2.9 vs 8.7 ± 4.3 sessions performed over 4 weeks, P < 0.0001). Physical therapy sessions more often promoted developmental skill acquisition after tracheostomy compared to facilitating physiologic stability before tracheostomy. Daily sedation requirements decreased post tracheostomy.ConclusionsTracheostomy was associated with improved proportional growth and increased participation in activities promoting developmental skill acquisition and reduced daily sedation requirements in preterm infants with severe BPD.
Interrupter resistance to measure dose‐response to salbutamol in wheezy preschool children
Authors: Beydon Nicole , Nguyen Thu Thuy , Amsallem Francis , Denjean André , Fenu Grazia , Seddon Paul , Mentré France , Alberti Corinne , Lombardi Enrico 
Published: July 2018

AbstractAimUsing a non‐invasive lung function technique (interrupter resistance, Rint), we aimed to determine whether a dose‐response to salbutamol could be detected in wheezy preschool children and if so, which dose of salbutamol should be administered to routinely evaluate bronchial reversibility.MethodWheezy children (3 to <7 years) were enrolled in a prospective multicenter study. Rint was measured at baseline, and after random assignment to a first dose (100 or 200 μg) and a second dose (cumulative dose: 400, 600, or 800 μg) of salbutamol. Data were analyzed using mixed modeling approach with an inhibitory maximal effect (Imax) model, to account for a sparse sampling design. Simulations were performed to predict the percentage of children with significant Rint reversibility at several doses.ResultsFinal results were available in 99 children out of 106 children included. The model adequately fitted the data, showing satisfactory goodness‐of‐fit plots and a low residual error of 8%. Children with uncontrolled symptoms had lower Imax (ie, showed less reversibility) compared to children with totally/partly controlled symptoms (0.23 vs. 0.31, P < 0.001). Dose to reach 50% of Imax (D50) was 51 μg. According to simulations, 88.1% of children with significant reversibility at dose 800 μg would already show significant reversibility at 400 μg.ConclusionInterrupter resistance was able to measure a dose‐response curve to salbutamol in wheezy preschool children, which was similar to that of older patients. Young children require a high dose of salbutamol to correctly assess airway bronchodilator response, especially these with poor symptom control.
EndoAbS dataset: Endoscopic abdominal stereo image dataset for benchmarking 3D stereo reconstruction algorithms
Authors: Penza Veronica , Ciullo Andrea S. , Moccia Sara , Mattos Leonardo S. , De Momi Elena 
Published: July 2018

AbstractBackground: 3D reconstruction algorithms are of fundamental importance for augmented reality applications in computer‐assisted surgery. However, few datasets of endoscopic stereo images with associated 3D surface references are currently openly available, preventing the proper validation of such algorithms. This work presents a new and rich dataset of endoscopic stereo images (EndoAbS dataset).Methods: The dataset includes (i) endoscopic stereo images of phantom abdominal organs, (ii) a 3D organ surface reference (RF) generated with a laser scanner and (iii) camera calibration parameters. A detailed description of the generation of the phantom and the camera–laser calibration method is also provided.Results: An estimation of the overall error in creation of the dataset is reported (camera–laser calibration error 0.43 mm) and the performance of a 3D reconstruction algorithm is evaluated using EndoAbS, resulting in an accuracy error in accordance with state‐of‐the‐art results (<2 mm).Conclusions: The EndoAbS dataset contributes to an increase the number and variety of openly available datasets of surgical stereo images, including a highly accurate RF and different surgical conditions.
Hydrothermal Synthesis of Urchin‐like Bi2S3 Nanostructures for Superior Visible‐light‐driven Cr(VI) Removal Capacity
Authors: Sang Yan , Dai Guangdong , Wang Lvxuan , Gao Xueyou , Fang Caihong 
Published: July 2018

AbstractIn this work, large amounts of urchin‐like Bi2S3 nanostructures assembled from radially oriented nanorods were prepared by a simple hydrothermal method. The as‐prepared Bi2S3 nanostructures possess an orthorhombic crystal structure with a high crystallinity. More importantly, the obtained Bi2S3 nanostructures are spherical architectures composed of large quantities of nanorods with highly active sites. This attractive architecture can provide a large active surface area for photocatalysis. The photodegradation of Cr(VI) under visible light irradiation indicated that 95% of Cr(VI) was degradated within 30 min using the as‐prepared Bi2S3 nanoparticle as a photocatalyst. Further investigations revealed that the pH value of the solution has a significant effect on the photocatalytic reduction ability as well. Significantly, the kinetic constant of urchin‐like Bi2S3 nanostructures for Cr(VI) degradation is about 100 times that of Bi2S3 nanoflowers and commercial P25. Furthermore, the photocurrent of urchin‐like Bi2S3 nanostructures is still higher than that of Bi2S3 nanoflowers. We believed that the urchin‐like Bi2S3 nanostructures are promising materials for Cr(VI) photoreduction.
Giant Optical Activity in an All‐Dielectric Spiral Nanoflower
Authors: Xiao Ting‐Hui , Cheng Zhenzhou , Goda Keisuke 
Published: July 2018

AbstractOptical activity is an effect of prominent importance in stereochemistry, analytical chemistry, metamaterials, spin photonics, and astrobiology, but is naturally minuscule. Metallic nanostructures are commonly exploited as basic elements for artificially producing large optical activity by virtue of surface plasmon resonance (SPR) on the nanostructures. However, their intrinsic high ohmic loss amplified by the SPR results in low energy efficiency and large photothermal heat generation, severely limiting their performance and practical utility. Giant optical activity by inducing magnetic resonance in an all‐dielectric spiral nanoflower (spiral‐flower‐shaped nanostructure) is demonstrated here. Specifically, a large circular‐intensity difference of ≈35% is theoretically predicted and experimentally demonstrated by optimizing the magnetic quadrupole contribution of the nanoflower to scattered light. The nanoflower overcomes the bottleneck of the traditional metallic platforms and enables the development of diverse chiroptical devices and applications.
Light‐Triggered Genome Editing: Cre Recombinase Mediated Gene Editing with Near‐Infrared Light
Authors: Morales Demosthenes P. , Morgan Erin N. , McAdams Meghan , Chron Amanda B. , Shin Jeong Eun , Zasadzinski Joseph A. , Reich Norbert O. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractA light‐activated genome editing platform based on the release of enzymes from a plasmonic nanoparticle carrier when exposed to biocompatible near‐infrared light pulses is described. The platform relies on the robust affinity of polyhistidine tags to nitrilotriacetic acid in the presence of copper which is attached to double‐stranded nucleic acids self‐assembled on the gold nanoparticle surface. A protein fusion of the Cre recombinase containing a TAT internalization peptide sequence to achieve endosomal localization is also employed. High‐resolution gene knock‐in of a red fluorescent reporter is observed using a commercial two‐photon microscope. High‐throughput irradiation is described to generate useful quantities of edited cells.
Composite‐Structure Material Design for High‐Energy Lithium Storage
Authors: Wang Lin , Shi Ji‐Lei , Su Heng , Li Guangyin , Zubair Muhammad , Guo Yu‐Guo , Yu Haijun 
Published: July 2018

AbstractHigh‐energy storage devices are in demand for the rapid development of modern society. Until now, many kinds of energy storage devices, such as lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs), sodium‐ion batteries (NIBs), and so on, have been developed in the past 30 years. However, most of the commercially exploited and studied active electrode materials of these energy storage devices possess a single phase with low reversible capacity or unsatisfied cycle stability. Continuous and extensive research efforts are made to develop alternative materials with a higher specific energy density and long cycle life by element doping or surface modification. A novel strategy of forming composite‐structure electrode materials by introducing structure units has attracted great attention in recent years. Herein, based on previous publications on these composite‐structure materials, some important scientific points focusing on the design of composite‐structure materials for better electrochemical performances reveal the distinction of composite structures based on average and local structure analysis methods, and an understanding of the relationship between these interior composite structures and their electrochemical performances is discussed thoroughly. The lithiation/delithiation mechanism and the remaining challenges and perspectives for composite‐structure electrode materials are also elaborated.
Nano‐TiO2 Drives Epithelial–Mesenchymal Transition in Intestinal Epithelial Cancer Cells
Authors: Setyawati Magdiel Inggrid , Sevencan Cansu , Bay Boon Huat , Xie Jianping , Zhang Yongbin , Demokritou Philip , Leong David Tai 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe majority of cancer mortality is associated with cancer metastasis. Epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a process by which cells attain migratory and invasive properties, eventually leading to cancer metastasis. Here, it is shown that titanium dioxide nanoparticles (nano‐TiO2), a common food additive, can induce the EMT process in colorectal cancer cells. Nano‐TiO2 exposure is observed to activate transforming growth factor‐β (TGF‐β)/mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) and wingless (Wnt) pathways, and drive the EMT process. Similarly, silica nanoparticles (nano‐SiO2) and hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (nano‐HA), as food‐based additives, can be ingested and accumulated in the stomach, and are found to be able to induce the EMT progression. The implication of this work can be profound for colorectal cancer patients where these food additives may unknowingly and unnecessarily hasten the progression of their cancers.
Deformation of Mesoporous Titania Nanostructures in Contact with D2O Vapor
Authors: Song Lin , Rawolle Monika , Hohn Nuri , Gutmann Jochen S. , Frielinghaus Henrich , Müller‐Buschbaum Peter 
Published: July 2018

AbstractFor many applications, mesoporous titania nanostructures are exposed to water or need to be backfilled via infiltration with an aqueous solution, which can cause deformations of the nanostructure by capillary forces. In this work, the degree of deformation caused by water infiltration in two types of mesoporous, nanostructured titania films exposed to water vapor is compared. The different types of nanostructured titania films are prepared via a polymer template assisted sol–gel synthesis in conjunction with a polymer‐template removal at high‐temperatures under ambient conditions versus nitrogen atmosphere. Information about surface and inner morphology is extracted by scanning electron microscopy and grazing incidence small‐angle neutron scattering (GISANS) measurements, respectively. Furthermore, complementary information on thin film composition and porosity are probed via X‐ray reflectivity. The backfilling induced deformation of near surface structures and structures inside the mesoporous titania films is determined by GISANS before and after D2O infiltration. The respective atmosphere used for template removal influences the details of the titania nanostructure and strongly impacts the degree of water induced deformation. Drying of the films shows reversibility of the deformation.
Rapid Optimization of Reaction Conditions Based on Comprehensive Reaction Analysis Using a Continuous Flow Microwave Reactor
Authors: Vámosi Péter , Matsuo Keiya , Masuda Tsuguya , Sato Kohei , Narumi Tetsuo , Takeda Kazuhiro , Mase Nobuyuki 
Published: July 2018

AbstractGenerally, the flow method has the advantage of a precise control over the reaction parameters and a facile modification of the reaction conditions, while a continuous flow microwave reactor allows for the quick optimization of reaction conditions owing to the rapid uniform heating. In this study, we developed a “9+4+1 method” to optimize reaction conditions based on comprehensive reaction analysis using a flow microwave reactor. The proposed method is expected to contribute to the synthesis of various fine and bulk chemicals by reducing cost and wastage, and by conserving time.
Coronarin D induces apoptotic cell death through the JNK pathway in human hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Lin Hui‐Wen , Hsieh Ming‐Ju , Yeh Chao‐Bin , Hsueh Kuan‐Chun , Hsieh Yi‐Hsien , Yang Shun‐Fa 
Published: July 2018

AbstractCoronarin D, a diterpene derived from the rhizomes of Hedychium coronarium, has been used to treat inflammatory diseases. Coronarin D can exert strong anticancer effects through cell growth prevention and cell cycle arrest in many cancer cells. In this study, we investigated the molecular mechanism through which coronarin D suppresses cell proliferation and triggers cell death in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells. Treatment of Huh7 and Sk‐hep‐1 cells with coronarin D resulted in a significantly increased loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, leading to the cleavage and activation of caspase‐9, caspase‐8, and caspase‐3 and changes in Bax, Bcl‐2, and Bcl‐xL protein levels. Coronarin D significantly induced autophagy by increasing the expression of Beclin‐1 and LC3‐II and reducing the expression of p62. Moreover, Huh7 and Sk‐hep‐1 cells exposed to coronarin D had decreased expression of phosphorylated AKT, p38, and ERK and increased expression of phosphorylated JNK. Exposure of cells to the JNK‐specific inhibitor SP600125 attenuated the apoptotic effects of coronarin D. Taken together, this is the first study to report that coronarin D may effectively inhibit cell growth through apoptosis. We have provided evidence indicating that coronarin D induces cell death through the upregulation of JNK mitogen‐activated protein kinases in human HCC cells.
In this issue of Weather
Authors: Galvin Jim 
Published: July 2018

We begin this issue on p. 207 with an examination of heatwaves and their occurrence in Poland since 1950. In ‘The August 2015 mega‐heatwave in Poland in the context of past events’ by Agniewska Krzyźewska and Jamie Dyer, the effects of high summer temperatures and the occurrence of heatwaves in this central European country with a high degree of continentality are discussed.On p. 215, Rodney Hale gives us a fascinating brief overview of unusual electrical phenomena in ‘Rare, anomalous non‐transient lights associated with cumulonimbus Clouds’.Through much of the history of meteorological observation, recording instruments produced graphical charts (and this is still the case from some instruments). Tilting syphon rain gauges have been an important method of recording rainfall rates and quantities, but they use daily, weekly or monthly charts which have to be changed at these intervals and that do not provide a digital record that can be used and stored readily. ‘Open‐source tool for interactive digitisation of pluviograph strip charts’ by Nejc Sušin and Peter Peer provides a description of freely available software that can be used to extract both rainfall amounts and their rates as digital records from these charts on p. 222.Although there is a well‐established observations system for hurricanes in the Atlantic and eastern Pacific Oceans, this a developing science for typhoons in the North‐West Pacific, even though this area is globally most active for these storms. Recently, the Chinese government has provided an aircraft to carry out typhoon observation from Hong Kong, as described in ‘The first complete dropsonde observation of a tropical cyclone over the South China Sea by the Hong Kong Observatory’ by Pak‐Wai Chan, NG Wu, CZ Zhang, WJ Deng and KK Hon on p. 227. This final paper in our July 2018 issue describes the insights they gained into Tropical Storm Aere and its structure.
Toward initial conditions of conserved charges. Part I. Spatial correlations of quarks and antiquarks
Authors: Martinez Mauricio , Sievert Matthew D. , Wertepny Douglas E. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractIn this paper, we study the spatial correlations among quarks and antiquarks produced at mid-rapidity by gluon pair production in the color glass condensate framework. This paper is the first part of a series in which we calculate a complete set of quark/quark, quark/antiquark, and antiquark/antiquark spatial correlation functions in heavy-light ion collisions, with the goal of incorporating their conserved charges into the initial conditions of hydrodynamics. The physical mechanisms captured in this calculation include geometric, entanglement, and interaction-mediated correlations. In this first paper, we construct the building blocks for the correlations arising from single- and double-pair production, studying in detail the single-pair case and the general features of the double-pair case. We find a rich correlation structure in transverse coordinate space, with different mechanisms dominating over different length scales, and we present explicit results for the quark-antiquark correlations in the single-pair production regime. We reserve a detailed discussion of the double-pair production regime for the next paper in this sequence.
Risk of perpetrating intimate partner violence amongst men exposed to torture in conflict-affected Timor-Leste
Authors: Rees Susan , Mohsin Mohammed , Tay Alvin Kuowei , Steel Zachary , Tam Natalino , da Costa Zelia , Soares Cesarina , Tol Wietse , Eapen Valsamma , Dadds Mark , Silove Derrick 
Published: July 2018

Background.A key issue in need of empirical exploration in the post-conflict and refugee mental health field is whether exposure to torture plays a role in generating risk of intimate partner violence (IPV), and whether this pathway is mediated by the mental health effects of torture-related trauma. In examining this question, it is important to assess the impact of socio-economic hardship which may be greater amongst survivors of torture in low-income countries.Methods.The study data were obtained from a cohort of 870 women (recruited from antenatal clinics) and their male partners in Dili district, Timor-Leste. We conducted bivariate and path analysis to test for associations of men's age, socioeconomic status, torture exposure, and mental disturbance, with IPV (the latter reported by women).Results.The path analysis indicated positive paths from a younger age, torture exposure, and lower socio-economic status amongst men leading to mental disturbance. Mental disturbance, in turn, led to IPV. In addition, younger age, lower socio-economic status, torture exposure, and mental disturbance were directly associated with IPV.Conclusions.Our data provide the first systematic evidence of an association between torture and IPV in a low-income, post-conflict country, confirming that low socio-economic status, partly related to being a torture survivor, adds to the risk. The high prevalence of IPV in this context suggests that other structural factors, such as persisting patriarchal attitudes, contribute to the risk of IPV. Early detection and prevention programs may assist in reducing the risk of IPV in families in which men have experienced torture.
Protestant Ethics-In-Action
Authors: Sevelsted Anders 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThis article shows how voluntary social work in late 19th/early 20th century Copenhagen emerged as the result of several creative re-interpretations of the cultural schemas of revivalist Protestantism as urban revivalists faced the social question. Informed by pragmatist cultural sociology, the concept of “collective soteriology” is introduced as a way of analyzing the Protestant reinterpretations in terms of doctrine, ideals of community, and recipes for action. It is shown how Lutheran revivalist ideas at the same time encouraged, constrained, and shaped the voluntary social action undertaken. The paper aims to uncover a sociologically neglected European tradition of civic action, to contribute to the sociology of Protestantism’s influence on civil society, and to develop a theoretical framework for analyzing the role of ideas in non-contentious collective action.
Assessing the effect of recreational scallop harvest on the distribution and behaviour of foraging marine turtles
Authors: Wildermann Natalie , Sasso Christopher , Gredzens Christian , Fuentes Mariana M. P. B. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe impact of fisheries on marine megafauna is widely known but most studies have focused on commercial fisheries, overlooking the effect of local recreational fisheries. This is particularly important for marine turtles in near-shore habitats that overlap with recreational fisheries. We assessed the effect of recreational scallop fisheries on the distribution and behaviour of foraging marine turtles in the coastal waters of the upper Eastern Gulf of Mexico. Before and during the scallop season we quantified the density and overlap of marine turtles and vessels sighted, and satellite tracked four turtles to assess their distribution and behaviour. The relative distribution of marine turtles sighted during the scallop season overlapped with 48% of the area most frequently used by harvesters, and marine turtle activity hotspots shifted between seasons. In addition, during the scallop season the home range size of individual turtles appeared to decrease, and turtles displayed frequent changes in travel speed and directionality. We hypothesize that such changes are probably related to the distribution and movement of vessels and the abundant presence of people in the water. Our study highlights the importance of considering recreational fisheries and their local effect on marine megafauna for informing future adaptive management practices. However, further studies are needed to quantify the direct and indirect impacts of recreational fisheries and to assess the degree of risk of associated activities to marine turtle populations.