bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gracia y justicia: el lugar de la utilidad pública (justicia transicional y situaciones de necesidad) = Grace and justice: the place of public utility (transitional justice and situations of necessity)
Authors: Ruiz Miguel Alfonso 
Published: October 2018

Resumen: Este texto, que forma parte de un estudio más amplio sobre el indulto, analiza la relación entre el derecho de gracia y la utilidad pública. Tras diferenciar entre razones de clemencia o compasión, de justicia y de utilidad, se examinan separadamente, en primer lugar, los dos criterios básicos que pueden justificar el derecho de gracia: las circunstancias de justicia restaurativa y las situaciones de necesidad; y, en segundo lugar, los procedimientos y órganos apropiados para su aprobación (amnistías e indultos, sea generales o particulares).Palabras clave: Gracia, clemencia, justicia, utilidad pública, justicia transicional y restaurativa, situaciones de necesidad, amnistía, indultos generales y particulares.Abstract: This text, which is part of a wider study about grace, analyses the relationship between legal mercy and public utility. After distinguishing between reasons of clemency or compassion, justice and utility, the essay examines separately, firstly, the two basic criteria that are able to justify legal mercy: circumstances of restorative justice and situations of necessity; and, secondly, the proceedings and authorities suitable for that mercy (amnesties and either general or particular pardons).Keywords: Grace (Mercy), clemency, justice, public utility, transitional and restorative justice, situations of necessity, amnesties, general and particular pardons.
Naciones Unidas contra las mujeres: entre la ignorancia y la soberbia (a propósito de la elaboración de un nuevo Código Penal para Honduras y las propuestas efectuadas por distintas oficinas de NNUU en materia de violencia de género y aborto) = The United Nations against women: between ignorance and arrogance (Regarding the elaboration of a new Criminal Code for Honduras and proposals made by several UN offices on gender-based violence and abortion)
Authors: Álvarez García Francisco Javier 
Published: October 2018

Resumen: Expone el autor las vicisitudes de la elaboración del nuevo Código Penal de Honduras de 2018, particularmente en referencia a violencia de género y aborto, y subraya especialmente cómo la desgraciada intervención de funcionarias del Alto Comisionado de Naciones Unidas y de ONU-Mujeres, carentes de suficiente formación en la materia pero sobradas de soberbia, ha impedido que en Honduras se aprobara una legislación progresista y adecuada en estas materias.Palabras clave: Naciones Unidas, Honduras, aborto, violencia de género, soberbia, ignorancia, femicidios, Código Penal, Alto Comisionado de Naciones Unidas, ONU-Mujeres, ACNUDH, Congreso Nacional de Honduras.Abstract: The author exposes the vicissitudes in the drafting of the new Honduras Criminal Code, particularly in reference to gender violence and abortion, and specially emphasizes how the unfortunate intervention of the officials of the United Nations High Commissioner and UN-Women, who lack sufficient training in the subject but plenty of arrogance, has prevented Honduras the adoption of progressive and adequate legislation in these mattersKeywords: United Nations, Honduras, abortion, gender violence, arrogance, ignorance, femicides, Criminal Code, United Nations High Commissioner, UN-Women, OHCHR, National Congress of Honduras.
Confianza en la administración pública = Trust in the Public Administration
Authors: Güemes Cecilia 
Published: October 2018

Resumen: En esta voz se buscará: 1) destacar la importancia de la confianza en la Administración Pública; 2) arribar a una definición y caracterización de la confianza en la Administración Pública; 3) analizar las causas y factores que explican su presencia/ausencia en determinadas sociedades, 4) sistematizar diferentes propuestas que se debaten actualmente con el objetivo de crear, reconstruir y/o recuperar la confianza institucional.Palabras clave: Confianza, Administración Pública, Procesos Imparciales y Justos, Resultados, Imaginarios Sociales.Abstract: The aims of this study are: (1) to highlight the importance of trust in the Public Administration; (2) to arrive at a definition and characterization of trust in the Public Administration; (3) to analyze the causes and factors that explain its presence/absence in certain societies; and (4) to systematize different proposals that are currently being debated with the objective of creating, rebuilding and/or recovering institutional trust.Keywords: Trust, Public Administration, Fair Processes, Output, Social Imaginaries.
Barreiras para a Ampliação de Transparência na Administração Pública Brasileira: Questões Estruturais e Culturais ou Falta de Estratégia e Governança?
Authors: Luciano Edimara Mezzomo , Wiedenhöft Guilherme , Pinheiro dos Santos Fabio 
Published: October 2018

O processo de transparência dos governos para a sociedade utilizando informação com o objetivo de accountability é mais efetivo com as utilização de Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação (TICs). As TICs tem sido usadas para fornecer serviços governamentais mais eficientes e, mais recentemente, como base para inciativas de Governança Digital, a qual vai além da oferta de serviços eletrônicos, envolvendo a participação do cidadão. O objetivo deste artigo é identificar barreiras para a adoção dos objetivos estratégicos relacionados à transparência de acordo com a Política de Governança Digital lançada recentemente pelo Governo Federal, Entrevistas semiestruturadas foram conduzidas com gestores de organizações públicas de um estado da federação. Um conjunto de 13 diferentes barreiras foi identificado, e as que tiveram maior número de ocorrência foram as institucionais, a qualidade da informação, complexidade da tarefas, falta de suporte político, resistência dos servidores públicos em usarem TICs e falta de confiança nas instituições.
Identity in Interaction: Language Practices and Attitudes of the Newest Ukrainian Diaspora in Canada
Authors: Nedashkivska Alla 
Published: October 2018

The present study focuses on processes and transformations in language practices and attitudes in the newest wave of the Ukrainian diaspora in Canada, notably following the 2014 Revolution of Dignity in Ukraine. Specifically, multilingual language practices in social media and in off-line environments (Ukrainian, Russian, English), participants’ beliefs about language(s), and participants’ views about the language question are analyzed. The analysis also relates the speakers’ practices and beliefs to issues of identity construction and negotiation that are observable in the context of this diasporic community.The socio-cultural approach to studying identity in interaction developed by Bucholtz and Hall is used as the premise for the main theoretical foundation of the study. In this framework, identity is defined as “the social positioning of self and other” and is best studied at an interactional level because it is in interaction that language resources gain social meaning.Basing the analysis on the “discourse-centered online ethnography” approach (Dailey-O’Cain), the data were collected from two sources: one social media communication network and in-person interviews with this network’s members. Therefore, the analysis combines a study of multilingual interaction in social media communication with an investigation of how participants report on their language practices overall, including their views about the language question. The domains of language and discourse about language constitute the organizational core of the analysis, as both contribute to the discussion of language attitudes and speakers’ shaping and reshaping of their identities. The domain of language incorporates a study of code-switching, including language choice and language practices of the participants, observed or reported. A discourse about language focuses on the importance of the language question to the participants, their positioning toward language(s), and/or language practices, as well as participants’ associations with and disassociations from particular languages, concepts, or entities. The discussion relates the functions of different languages in the studied community to larger questions of the diaspora studied. The prominence of “real” and “ideal” code-switching phenomena are highlighted. The code-switching, along with language choice and language practices, as well as discourse about language, are all shown to be resources employed by the speakers to position themselves in specific associations or disassociations. Overall, the study investigates the newest Ukrainian diasporic community, demonstrating how language practices in human interaction display and construct identity(ies) and signal participants’ negotiations of their own identities and those of others.
Experimental investigations of damping characteristic for MR strut by half-power bandwidth method
Authors: Yerrawar R. N. , Arakerimath R. R. 
Published: October 2018

In today’s automobile, each and every part of vehicle must consider the vibration management. Damping and isolation are the two aspects of vibration management which uses in conjunction to attain the required performance. The Logarithmic decrement method and Bandwidth method are the two major methods for measurement of damping in vibration system. Time domain method is used in Logarithmic decrement whereas the Half power bandwidth method is used in frequency domain analysis. In the present work, quarter car model is used to determine the frequency response analysis of Magnetorheological damper strut. The sprung mass is varying from 82 kg to 132 kg and excitation force is given by cam mechanism which is designed as per the bump size specified by Indian Road Congress (IRC) standard. The fabricated MR damper is tested at different sprung mass with input current from 0.1 A to 0.5 A. It is observed that the damping ratio is varying from 0.04 to 0.21. The results obtained in this paper will be helpful for the Indian auto industry to make more economical and reliable damper strut.
Bioguided Fractionation of Citrullus colocynthis Extracts and Antifungal Activity Against Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. albedinis
Authors: Ghazi Redhwane , Boulenouar Noureddine , Cheriti Abdelkrim , Reddy Kandappa H. , Govender Patrick 
Published: October 2018

Background:
In the present study, a bioguided fractionation was realized to isolate bioactive
compounds on Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. albedinis (Foa) from Citrullus colocynthis L. Foa is the causal
agent of “ Bayoud”, a lethal disease of date palm.

Methods:
Extracts of Citrullus colocynthis fruits peels using four solvents (n-hexane, dichloromethane,
ethanol, chloroform) were tested for antifungal effect on Foa with radial growth technique. The ethanolic
extract was selected for fractionation to isolate bioactive compounds (Percentage of Growth Reduction
“PGR”: 63.6%). The fractionation was realized using six solvents (hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl
acetate, methanol, butanol, water). Through fractionation, methanolic and butanolic fractions (PGR=
57.6% and 69.7%, respectively) had been chosen for bioactive compounds isolation.

Results:
Chromatographic and spectroscopic analyses had led to isolation of six compounds deduced as:
(C1): 2-O-β-D-glucopyranosylcucurbitacin E; (C2): 2-(Nonan-8-one)-(1H)-4-quinolone; (C3): 2-
(Nonan-8-one) 4-methoxy-quinoline, (C4): Isosaponarin; (C5): Isovitexin; (C6): Isoorientin 3’-Omethyl
ether. The isolated compounds had been tested for antifungal effect. The compound (C1) represents
the best effect among isolated compounds (PGR, up to 54.5%).

Conclusion:
The efficiency of (C1) reflects its opportunity to be used for the development of efficient
treatment against Bayoud disease.
Managers' Cultural Background and Disclosure Attributes
Authors: Brochet Francois , Miller Gregory S. , Naranjo Patricia , Yu Gwen 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACT
We examine how managers' ethnic cultural background affects their communication with investors. Using earnings conference calls with executives from 42 countries, we find that managers from ethnic groups that have a more individualistic culture use a more optimistic tone and exhibit greater self-reference. Managers' ethnic culture has a lasting effect and persists for executives whose work experience later exposes them to different ethnic cultures. The effect of ethnic heritage is observed in dialogues that reflect real-time interactions (i.e., Q&A ) and is less pronounced in the scripted, less spontaneous portion of the calls (i.e., management discussion). Analysts respond positively to optimistic tone, but only those who share the manager's ethnic background adjust their earnings forecasts for the cultural component of managerial tone. The findings suggest that managers' ethnic background has a significant effect on how they communicate with the capital market and how the market responds to the disclosure.
Affiliated Former Partners on the Audit Committee: Influence on the Auditor-Client Relationship and Audit Quality
Authors: Christensen Brant E. , Omer Thomas C. , Shelley Marjorie K. , Wong Paul A. 
Published: October 2018

SUMMARY
Researchers and practitioners have expressed the need to understand better the interactions between audit committees and auditors and how these interactions affect audits. Former partners affiliated with the external auditor and serving on the audit committee are a subset of audit committee members who can affect the audit. Consistent with social identity theory, we find that companies with an affiliated partner on their audit committee are less likely to dismiss the member's former firm than companies without the affiliation. Further, we find improved audit quality and increased effectiveness of auditor effort when affiliated partners serve on the audit committee. Finally, this quality improvement occurs contemporaneously with a reduction in audit fees and time spent on fieldwork, suggesting increased efficiency. Our study provides evidence that affiliated former partners on audit committees extend the tenure of the auditor-client relationship while also improving audit processes and outcomes.
JEL Classifications: M4; M42; G3.
Effects of Translation on Probability Judgments: Evidence from the IFRS in Taiwan
Authors: Lin Hsiao-Lun , Yeh Shu-Ling , Yen Ai-Ru 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACT
Following the trend toward a globalized accounting standard, many non-English-speaking countries have adopted the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS). Translation of the IFRS from English to other languages is inevitable; thus, it is crucial to ensure that the original meanings of the standard requirements are not affected by translation. Using accounting students from a university in Taiwan as participants, we found that nearly half of probability expressions from the IFRS were differently interpreted before and after translation. And the effects of translation were moderated by the participants' accounting knowledge and English proficiency. Our results show that improving participants' accounting knowledge or English fluency would reduce variations in interpretations of probability expressions before and after the translation. Finally, we found that translation has more impact on participants' interpretations of negative expressions than positive expressions.
Atherosclerosis and Microvascular Complications: Results From the Canadian Study of Longevity in Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Lovshin Julie A. , Bjornstad Petter , Lovblom Leif E. , Bai Johnny-Wei , Lytvyn Yuliya , Boulet Geneviève , Farooqi Mohammed A. , Santiago Sam , Orszag Andrej , Scarr Daniel , Weisman Alanna , Keenan Hillary A. , Brent Michael H. , Paul Narinder , Bril Vera , Perkins Bruce A. , Cherney David Z.I. 
Published: October 2018

OBJECTIVE
Type 1 diabetes carries a significant risk for cardiovascular mortality, but it is unclear how atherosclerosis associates with microvascular complications. We aimed to determine the relationships between atherosclerotic burden and neuropathy, retinopathy, and diabetic kidney disease (DKD) in adults with a ≥50-year history of type 1 diabetes.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Adults with type 1 diabetes (n = 69) underwent coronary artery calcification (CAC) volume scoring by wide-volume computerized tomography. Microvascular complications were graded as follows: neuropathy by clinical assessment, electrophysiology, vibration and cooling detection thresholds, heart rate variability, and corneal confocal microscopy; retinopathy by ultra–wide-field retinal imaging; and DKD by renal hemodynamic function measured by inulin and para-aminohippurate clearance at baseline and after intravenous infusion of angiotensin II. The cohort was dichotomized to high (≥300 Agatston units [AU]) or low (&lt;300 AU) CAC and was stratified by diabetes status. A comparator group without diabetes (n = 73) matched for age and sex also underwent all study procedures except for retinal imaging.

RESULTS
CAC scores were higher in participants with type 1 diabetes (median Agatston score 1,000 [interquartile range = 222, 2,373] AU vs. 1 [0.75] AU in comparators, P &lt; 0.001). In participants with type 1 diabetes, high CAC scores associated with markers of neuropathy and retinopathy, but not with DKD, or renal hemodynamic function at baseline or in response to angiotensin II.

CONCLUSIONS
The presence of high CAC in adults with longstanding type 1 diabetes was associated with large nerve fiber neuropathy and retinopathy but not with renal hemodynamic function, suggesting that neuropathy, retinopathy, and macrovascular calcification share common risk factors.
Calidad de vida y estado de ánimo de un paciente con miastenia gravis / Quality of life and mood of a patient with myasthenia gravis
Authors: Rodríguez García Claudia , Vargas Santillán Ma. de Lourdes , Osnaya Baltierra Santiago , Estrada Reyna Itzel del Rocío 
Published: October 2018

La miastenia gravis (MG) es una enfermedad autoinmune, de origen desconocida y que repercute en la unión neuromuscular, lo que origina debilidad en la musculatura esquelética y, por lo tanto, tiene como característica la generación de fatiga. Esta sintomatología repercute en las actividades físicas de quienes la padecen y se suele contrarrestar con reposo (Suárez, 2000).El objetivo de este trabajo es dar a conocer el seguimiento de un paciente con MG: su diagnóstico, el tratamiento y la evolución de esta enfermedad. La persona en cuestión fue diagnosticada desde los cinco años de edad, por lo que también se evalúa cómo esta enfermedad ha repercutido en su calidad de vida y estado de ánimo.La presente investigación tiene un enfoque cuantitativo; el estudio es de tipo retro-prospectivo. Prospectivo porque se busca evaluar la calidad de vida y el estado de ánimo del paciente; retrospectivo porque se retoman los antecedentes de la evolución de la enfermedad por medio del expediente clínico.Para cumplir con ello, se realizó la historia clínica del paciente: se revisó su estado de salud general, sus antecedentes patológicos y no patológicos, sus notas de evolución y se efectuaron estudios diagnósticos y de laboratorio; dichos instrumentos de evaluación se aplicaron en un solo momento. Se utilizó, además, el test de depresión de Hamilton, el cual sirve para evaluar a los pacientes que se cree puedan estar sufriendo un trastorno de ansiedad o depresión. También se aplicó el World Health Organization Quiality of Life Questionnaire (WHOQOL). Este test se centra en la calidad de vida percibida por la persona, aportando un perfil de la misma y dando una puntuación global de las áreas. Entre los resultados se encontró que el paciente, un adulto joven de 21 años, presenta gastritis e insomnio. Además, debido a que desde los cinco años ha tomado pastillas para controlar la MG, sus dientes se fueron descalcificando y, en consecuencia, requirió del uso de dientes postizos. Con respecto a la aplicación del test de depresión de Hamilton, se descubrió que está sufriendo un trastorno de depresión severa. Sin embargo, siguiendo el resultado de la aplicación del instrumento de calidad de vida, el paciente cuenta una calidad de vida regular.
DIFFERENTIATION OF POLYNOMIALS IN SEVERAL VARIABLES OVER GALOIS FIELDS OF FUZZY CARDINALITY AND APPLICATIONS TO REED-MULLER CODES
Authors: Deundyak V. M. , Mogilevskaya N. S. 
Published: October 2018

Introduction. Polynomials in several variables over Galois fields provide the basis for the Reed-Muller coding theory, and are also used in a number of cryptographic problems. The properties of such polynomials specified over the derived Galois fields of fuzzy cardinality are studied. For the results obtained, two real-world applications are proposed: partitioning scheme and Reed-Muller code decoder.Materials and Methods. Using linear algebra, theory of Galois fields, and general theory of polynomials in several variables, we have obtained results related to the differentiation and integration of polynomials in several variables over Galois fields of fuzzy cardinality. An analog of the differentiation operator is constructed and studied for vectors.Research Results. On the basis of the obtained results on the differentiation and integration of polynomials, a new decoder for Reed-Muller codes of the second order is given, and a scheme for organizing the partitioned transfer of confidential data is proposed. This is a communication system in which the source data on the sender is divided into several parts and, independently of one another, transmitted through different communication channels, and then, on the receiver, the initial data is restored of the parts retrieved. The proposed scheme feature is that it enables to protect data, both from the nonlegitimate access, and from unintentional errors; herewith, one and the same mathematical apparatus is used in both cases. The developed decoder for the second-order Reed-Muller codes prescribed over the derived odd Galois field may have a constraint to the recoverable error level; however, its use is advisable for a number of the communication channels.Discussion and Conclusions. The proposed practical applications of the results obtained are useful for the organization of reliable communication systems. In future, it is planned to study the restoration process of the original polynomial by its derivatives, in case of their partial distortion, and the development of appropriate applications.