bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Framing Islam at the World of Islam Festival, London, 1976
Authors: Grinell Klas 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThis article focuses on a neglected historical example where contemporary museological framings of Islam in Europe were established—the World of Islam Festival in London, 1976. The material consulted consists of the publications and materials from the Festival Trust, media coverage and academic discussions of the Festival. These are analyzed from a frame theory perspective. The Festival is situated in a very specific historical period after the advent of Gulf oil money, but before the resurgence of Islam and the Iranian revolution. It was framed by the traditionalist perspective of Frithjof Schuon and Seyyed Hossein Nasr and in large part funded by the United Arab Emirates. It is argued that what might at first appear to be a festival celebrating the presence of Muslims in modern Britain acted to stabilize a dichotomy between Islam and modernity that is still dominant in museological framings of Islam in Europe.
Fluctuating Hearing Loss in the Only Hearing Ear: Cochlear Implantation in the Contralateral Deaf Side
Authors: Russo Francesca Yoshie , De Seta Daniele , Lahlou Ghizlene , Borel Stéphanie , Nguyen Yann , Bouccara Didier , Sterkers Olivier , Bernardeschi Daniele , Mosnier Isabelle 
Published: March 2018

ObjectiveTo investigate the hearing performance of adult patients presenting unilateral deafness with contralateral fluctuating hearing loss who received a cochlear implant on the deaf side.Study DesignCase series with chart review.SettingUniversity tertiary referral center.Subjects and MethodsPreoperatively and at 6 and 12 months postoperatively, 23 patients underwent pure tone audiometry and speech audiometry with disyllabic and monosyllabic words in a quiet environment and sentences in quiet and noisy (signal‐to‐noise ratio +10 dB SPL) environments under best‐aided conditions. The Abbreviated Profile of Hearing Aid Benefit (APHAB) inventory was evaluated preoperatively and at 6 and 12 months postoperatively.ResultsNo difference was found between pre‐ and postoperative tests for disyllabic and monosyllabic words. For sentences in quiet and noisy environments, a difference between pre‐ and postoperative performance was present at 1 year (P =. 002 and P =. 02, respectively). In a noisy environment, a difference was present at 6 and 12 months postoperatively as compared with the preoperative value (mean ± SD: 6 months: 42% ± 7.1% vs 61% ± 6.5%, P =. 016). A significant improvement in the APHAB score was found at 6 and 12 months postimplantation (Friedman's 2‐way analysis of variance by ranks, P <. 001). The number of years of hearing deprivation of the deaf ear was not correlated with performance.ConclusionWhen incapacitating fluctuating hearing loss occurs in patients presenting a contralateral deaf ear, a cochlear implant is indicated in the latter ear, significantly improving performance in noisy conditions and allowing a better quality of communication to be achieved.
Swallowing Outcomes in Elderly Patients following Microvascular Reconstruction of the Head and Neck
Authors: Worley Mitchell L. , Graboyes Evan M. , Blair Julie , Momin Suhael , Armeson Kent E. , Day Terry A. , Huang Andrew T. 
Published: March 2018

ObjectiveTo describe swallowing outcomes in elderly patients undergoing microvascular reconstruction of the upper aerodigestive tract and identify risk factors for poor postoperative swallowing function.Study DesignCase series with chart review.SettingAcademic medical center.Subjects and MethodsSixty‐six patients aged ≥70 years underwent microvascular reconstruction of the upper aerodigestive tract. The primary outcome measure was the Functional Oral Intake Scale (FOIS); preoperative and postoperative scores were dichotomized to define “good swallowing” and “poor swallowing.” Logistic regression was performed to identify risk factors for poor postoperative swallowing function.ResultsIn total, 91% of reconstructions were performed for oncologic defects. The most common defect site was the oral cavity (67%), and the anterolateral thigh (29%) was the most frequently used donor site. At 3‐year follow up, 75% of patients had good swallowing function with 95% of patients who achieved good swallowing function doing so within 6 months of surgery. On multivariable analysis, patients with pT4 tumors (odds ratio [OR], 5.2; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.0‐25.6) and those undergoing at least partial glossectomy (OR, 4.7; 95% CI, 1.1‐20.7) were more likely to experience poor swallowing function at 6‐month follow‐up.ConclusionApproximately half of elderly patients achieve good swallowing function within 6 months following microvascular reconstruction of the upper aerodigestive tract. Elderly patients with pT4 tumors and those requiring glossectomy are at highest risk for poor swallowing outcomes. These data can be used to inform preoperative patient counseling and design interventions aimed at improving swallowing function in those at high risk for poor outcomes.
Role of Psychosocial Factors on Communicative Participation among Survivors of Head and Neck Cancer
Authors: Eadie Tanya , Faust Lauren , Bolt Susan , Kapsner‐Smith Mara , Pompon Rebecca Hunting , Baylor Carolyn , Futran Neal , Méndez Eduardo 
Published: March 2018

ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to examine the unique contribution of psychosocial factors, including perceived social support, depression, and resilience to communicative participation, among adult survivors of head and neck cancer (HNC).Study DesignCross‐sectional.SettingUniversity‐based laboratory and speech clinic.Subjects and MethodsAdult survivors of HNC who were at least 2 years posttreatment for HNC completed patient‐reported outcome measures, including those related to communicative participation and psychosocial function. Multiple linear regression analysis was conducted to predict communicative participation. Self‐rated speech severity, cognitive function, laryngectomy status, and time since diagnosis were entered first as a block of variables (block 1), and psychosocial factors were entered second (block 2).ResultsEighty‐eight adults who were on average 12.2 years post–HNC diagnosis participated. The final regression model predicted 58.2% of the variance in communicative participation (full model R2 = 0.58, P <. 001). Self‐rated speech severity, cognitive function, laryngectomy status, and time since diagnosis together significantly predicted 46.1% of the variance in block 1. Perceived social support, depression, resilience, and interactions significantly and uniquely predicted 12.1% of the additional variance in block 2.ConclusionFor clinicians, psychosocial factors such as perceived depression warrant consideration when counseling patients with HNC about communication outcomes and when designing future studies related to rehabilitation.
Serum Vitamin E Levels in Patients with Chronic Renal Failure
Authors: Stein G. , Richter G. , Fünfstück R. , Sperschneider H. , Günther K. 
Published: March 2018

27 patients with chronic renal failure, 21 patients on chronic intermittend dialysis treatment and 27 healthy controls were tested for serum level of vitamin E estimated spectrophotometrically. Both patient groups had significant higher mean values (12.1 ± 1.2 and 7.2 ± 0.8 μg/ml respectively) in comparison with normal controls (4.6 ± 0.7 μg/ml). No correlation was found to serum creatinine, hematologic values, protein and lipoprotein concentration, nor to mode and duration of treatment regimes. Vitamin E was not extracted from blood throughout dialysis. Under normal conditions of conservative or dialysis treatment of chronic renal failure patients vitamin E seems not to be a factor concerning uremic symptoms and there is no need for supplementation.
Effects of Serial Resin Hemoperfusion in Fulminant Hepatic Failure
Authors: Bihari D. , Hughes R.D. , Gimson A.E.S. , Langley P.G. , Ede R.J. , Eder G. , Williams R. 
Published: March 2018

Resin hemoperfusion using an albumin coated Amberlite XAD-7 column was performed in 19 patients in coma due to fulminant hepatic failure. The procedure was clinically well tolerated, with good blood compatibility, platelet and white cell levels being 97.3 ± SE 3.2% and 105 ± 3.8% of the respective initial values after four hours hemoperfusion. No significant changes were observed in β-thromboglobulin, screen filtration pressure, plasma electrolytes, calcium, protein or albumin. The total plasma bilirubin fell by a mean of 24 μmol/l, with a reduction in 21 of the 25 perfusions studied of up to 104 μmol/l during perfusion. Mean plasma levels of total bile acids were 137 ± 19 μmol/l and 115 ± 16 μmol/l respectively before and after four hours hemoperfusion. The amount of bile acids recovered by elution of the resin column was over three times greater than that apparent from the change in plasma levels. Column chromatography on Sephadex G-25 of material eluted from the resin column showed various peaks to be removed, including substances in the middle molecular weight range (1000-5000 daltons). Of the patients treated, eight (42%) survived to leave hospital.
Plasma Exchange (PE) and Lymphocytapheresis (LCA) in Multiple Sclerosis (MS)
Authors: Höcker P. , Stellamor V. , Summer K. , Mann M. 
Published: March 2018

In 96 patients suffering from multiple sclerosis (MS) 277 plasma exchanges (PE) including 176 lymphocytaphereses were performed. Improvement was mainly seen in patients with a short course of disease and at acute exacerbations. Patients with chronic progressive and relapsing intermittent courses responded only poorly. One or two PE were sufficient to induce improvement which was only marginally altered by subsequent PE. Our data confirm that only selected patients will benefit from PE-treatment especially those with acute exacerbations.
Caregiver-Reported Sleep Disturbances Are Associated With Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms in an Asian Elderly Cohort With Cognitive Impairment-No Dementia
Authors: Xu Xin , Kan Cheuk Ni , Wong Tien Yin , Cheng Ching-Yu , Ikram M. Kamran , Chen Christopher Li-Hsian , Venketasubramanian Narayanaswamy 
Published: March 2018

Objective: Sleep disturbances were found to be associated with more behavioral and psychological symptoms (BPS) in early patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, data on preclinical stages of dementia are lacking. Hence, the present study sought to investigate the association between sleep disturbances and BPS in dementia-free elderly with varying severity of cognitive impairment in an Asian sample. Methods: Community-living elderly were recruited and administered a comprehensive cognitive battery (vascular dementia battery [VDB]) and the Neuropsychiatric Inventory to assess symptoms of sleep disturbances and BPS. Severity of cognitive impairment was diagnosed and classified as no cognitive impairment (NCI), cognitive impairment-no dementia (CIND) -mild (1-2 impaired domains on the VDB), and CIND-moderate (≥3 impaired domains on the VDB). Analysis of variance was conducted to assess the associations between the presence of sleep disturbances and BPS scores in each diagnostic group. Logistic regression was used to examine whether the coexistence of sleep disturbances and other BPS was associated with CIND-moderate, which is known to carry a higher risk of progression to AD. Results: Among 839 elderly, 79 (9.4%) reported sleep disturbances. Participants with sleep disturbances had higher total BPS burden than those without among CIND participants but not in NCIs. Furthermore, CIND-moderate participants with sleep disturbances had more delusions, hallucinations, anxiety, depression, irritability, aberrant motor behavior, and appetite change ( P < .05). The presence of both sleep disturbances and other BPS was associated with CIND-moderate (odds ratio: 2.5, 95% confidence interval: 1.1-5.5). Conclusions: Sleep disturbances are associated with higher total BPS burden and specific BPS among elderly patients with cognitive impairment, particularly those with CIND moderate, which carries higher risk of developing dementia.
Surgical technique of placement of an external jugular tunneled hemodialysis catheter in a large pig model
Authors: Florescu Marius C , Runge Joseph , Lof John , Stolze Elizabeth , Fry Gretchen , Flora Maurino , Nio George , Foster Kirk W 
Published: March 2018

Background: Currently, there is insufficient knowledge about the surgical anatomy and surgical techniques in large animals that can be used to test medical devices designed for human use. We encountered this problem in our study requiring the placement of jugular vein, tunneled, cuffed hemodialysis catheter in 70 kg pigs. Despite the operator’s extensive expertise in placing tunneled hemodialysis catheters in humans, the important differences in anatomy made the procedure and choosing the appropriate catheter length challenging. Methods: The following article describes the anatomy and our technique for the placement of tunneled hemodialysis catheter in the pig model. Results: We consider our surgical technique to be sound because in all animals the catheters were placed in the desired location, the procedures were well tolerated by the animals, and there were no immediate or late complications. Conclusion: We present our experience to help other researchers who might encounter the same problem.
One-stage operation for superficialization of native radio-cephalic fistula in obese patients
Authors: Okawa Takao , Murakami Masaaki , Yamada Ryo , Tanaka Satoshi , Mori Kiyoshi , Mori Noriko 
Published: March 2018

Purpose: The population of obese patients is increasing in general and also at hemodialysis initiation. For successful cannulation of arteriovenous fistula, the National Kidney Foundation-Dialysis Outcome Quality Initiative guidelines suggest that the required maturation parameters are at a depth of <6 mm. There are several reports describing two-stage superficialization of arteriovenous fistulas in obese cases. Therefore, we investigated the utility and complications of one-stage superficialization of radio-cephalic fistula. Methods: From January 2011 to March 2017, we simultaneously performed forearm radio-cephalic fistula creation and superficialization of the cephalic vein for 10 patients having obesity (body mass index > 30 kg/m2) and deep cephalic vein (>6 mm). Initially, an arteriovenous anastomosis was created at an appropriate site. Subsequently, an 8–10 cm longitudinal skin incision was made along the lateral aspect of the forearm cephalic vein. The cephalic vein was identified and exposed. The cephalic vein was repositioned superficially. Results: The mean age of the patients was 53 years (range: 40–72 years) and the mean body mass index was 40.2 kg/m2 (33.1–59.7 kg/m2). The cause of renal failure in eight patients was diabetic nephropathy, and in two patients, it was unknown. After the procedure, vein depth became 3.4 mm (1.9–4.6 mm) from 8.2 mm (6.0–13.4 mm). All patients who initiated dialysis underwent successful two-needle cannulation. Primary patency rate was 71.4% at 12 months (two patients underwent percutaneous transluminal angioplasty) and secondary patency rate was 100%. There was one procedure-related complication and delayed wound healing, which was improved by observation without antibiotics. Conclusion: This small series of patients indicates that one-stage superficialization of radio-cephalic fistula is a safe and effective option to start hemodialysis in obese subjects.
Realizing the potential of real-time clinical collaboration in maternal–fetal and obstetric medicine through WhatsApp
Authors: Carmona Sergio , Alayed Nada , Al-Ibrahim Ali , D’Souza Rohan 
Published: March 2018

Background This study aimed to explore the potential of using instant messaging to enhance patient-care and physician-education in obstetric medicine and maternal–fetal medicine. Methods This retrospective study examined real-time correspondence between a closed group of maternal–fetal medicine physicians and fellows-in-training. Correspondence was grouped into four domains. Time to obtain a response and their utility was analysed. Results Over the two-year period, 41 international members contributed 534 clinically relevant messages (291 stems and 243 responses). Of these, 33% were advice seeking, 23.4% case-sharing, 35% educational content and 8.2% miscellaneous content. The median response time was 52 min, and 53% responded in less than 60 min. At least one response in each case influenced clinical management. Conclusion Instant messaging is effective for real-time clinical collaboration and could serve as an important platform for enhancing management and continuing education for obstetric medicine and maternal–fetal medicine physicians. International societies should consider exploring this avenue further.
Metastatic colorectal cancer during pregnancy: A tertiary center experience and review of the literature
Authors: Lee Shu Fen , Burge Matthew , Eastgate Melissa 
Published: March 2018

Background Colorectal cancer during pregnancy is rare. Diagnosis may be delayed and clinicians are faced with unique challenges when formulating management plans, having to consider the well-being of both fetus and mother. Cases Our series outlines five cases of metastatic colorectal cancer during pregnancy. There was one patient who presented in each of the first, second and third trimesters, whilst the remaining were post-partum. Diagnosis was difficult as the patients were either asymptomatic or their symptoms were misconstrued as features of pregnancy. Two patients received chemotherapy while pregnant but only one had a successful delivery. Survival of patients in this series ranged between 1 and 35 months from diagnosis. Conclusion Women with gestational colorectal cancer are often diagnosed at an advanced stage and have a poor prognosis.
Matrix microcrystalline structure and acoustic properties of oomoldic dolograinstone
Authors: Janson Xavier , Lucia F. Jerry 
Published: March 2018

Previous studies have shown that carbonate rock with rounded moldic macropores has a higher compressional velocity at a given porosity than rock with interparticle or intercrystalline porosity and high-aspect-ratio macropores. Our study of Permian dolograinstone challenges this commonly accepted result. Petrophysical and acoustic velocities were measured on 55 mini core plugs collected along an approximately 1 km long horizontal transect within a single grainstone unit having lateral changes from grainstone with dominantly interparticle porosity to grainstone with mostly moldic porosity. The studied dolograinstone samples have a large scattering of acoustic velocity (up to [Formula: see text]) at equal porosity. Some oomoldic grainstone samples have either higher velocity or significantly lower velocity than that of the intercrystalline grainstone samples. Petrographic analysis under plain light and UV light combined with mercury injection capillary pressure data and scanning electron microscopy analysis indicates that moldic samples with a lower than average velocity for a given porosity have a matrix with between 50% and 75% of the total porosity as intercrystalline microporosity between large moldic pores. Conversely, rocks with a higher than average velocity for a given porosity find a lack of micropores in the microcrystalline part of the matrix. The amount of micro- and mesoporosity in the matrix is the primary control on acoustic properties of those moldic dolograinstone samples. Therefore, the matrix microcrystalline structure can exert a stronger control on acoustic property than do the macropore types and shapes. These results indicate that using acoustic data from the subsurface to identify pore shape and reservoir properties still remains a challenge.
Adolescent THC exposure does not sensitize conditioned place preferences to subthreshold d-amphetamine in male and female rats
Authors: Keeley Robin J , Bye Cameron , Trow Jan , McDonald Robert J 
Published: March 2018

The acute effects of marijuana consumption on brain physiology and behaviour are well documented, but the long-term effects of its chronic use are less well known. Chronic marijuana use during adolescence is of increased interest, given that the majority of individuals first use marijuana during this developmental stage , and adolescent marijuana use is thought to increase the susceptibility to abusing other drugs when exposed later in life. It is possible that marijuana use during critical periods in adolescence could lead to increased sensitivity to other drugs of abuse later on. To test this, we chronically administered ∆9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) to male and female Long-Evans (LER) and Wistar (WR) rats directly after puberty onset. Rats matured to postnatal day 90 before being exposed to a conditioned place preference task (CPP). A subthreshold dose of d-amphetamine, found not to induce place preference in drug naïve rats, was used as the unconditioned stimulus. The effect of d-amphetamine on neural activity was inferred by quantifying cfos expression in the nucleus accumbens and dorsal hippocampus following CPP training. Chronic exposure to THC post-puberty had no potentiating effect on a subthreshold dose of d-amphetamine to induce CPP. No differences in cfos expression were observed. These results show that chronic exposure to THC during puberty did not increase sensitivity to d-amphetamine in adult LER and WR rats. This supports the concept that THC may not sensitize the response to all drugs of abuse.
Preliminary investigation of deoxyoligonucleotide binding to ribonuclease A using mass spectrometry: An attempt to develop a lab experience for undergraduates
Authors: Clark Daniel D. 
Published: March 2018

Deoxyoligonucleotide binding to bovine pancreatic ribonuclease A (RNase A) was investigated using electrospray ionization ion-trap mass spectrometry (ESI-IT-MS). Deoxyoligonucleotides included CCCCC (dC5) and CCACC (dC2AC2). This work was an attempt to develop a biochemistry lab experience that would introduce undergraduates to the use of mass spectrometry for the analysis of protein-ligand interactions. Titration experiments were performed using a fixed RNase A concentration and variable deoxyoligonucleotide concentrations. Samples at equilibrium were infused directly into the mass spectrometer under native conditions. For each deoxyoligonucleotide, mass spectra showed one-to-one binding stoichiometry, with marked increases in the total ion abundance of ligand-bound RNase A complexes as a function of concentration, but the accurate determination of dC5and dC2AC2dissociation constants was problematic.
The visual style of Susanne Bier’s films
Authors: Højbjerg Lennard 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
This article analyses four of Susanne Bier’s films with regard to audio-visual style and the role of style in relation to the presented story. Bier’s visual style in the selected films – Open Hearts (2002), Brothers (2004), After the Wedding (2006) and In a Better World (2010) – is a combination of a generally applied style that I call Dogme light and one consisting of various small montages and extreme close-ups. The Dogme light style can be traced back to the tradition of realism, and Bier has used it consistently throughout her directing career, whereas her use of small montages has varied greatly from 2002 to 2010. By combining these two stylistic tendencies, Bier has become highly regarded internationally as an art-house director, while also reaching a broader audience in Scandinavia.