bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MODERN EQUIPMENT FOR DETERMINING TRACTOR-SPEED PROPERTIES OF THE VEHICLE: CHARACTERISTICS’ ANALYSIS IN LABORATORY CONDITIONS
Authors: Savenkov N. V. , Ponyakin V. V. , Chekulaev S. A. , Butenko V. V. 
Published: July 2019

Introduction. At present, stands with running drums are widely used for various types of tests. Power stands play a special role. Such stands take the mechanical power from the driving wheels of the car. This simulates the process of movement of the vehicle under operating conditions. Such equipment has various designs, principles of operation and performance. It is also used in tests that are different by purpose, development stages and types: research, control, certification, etc. Therefore, it is necessary in order to determine the traction-speed, fuel-efficient and environmental performance characteristics.Materials and methods. The paper provides the overview of the power stands with running drums, which are widespread on the domestic market. The authors carried out the analysis of the main structural solutions: schemes of force transfer between the wheel and the drum; types of loading devices; transmission layout schemes and features of the control and measuring complex. The authors also considered corresponding advantages and disadvantages, recommended spheres of application, demonstrated parameters and characteristics of the units’ workflow, presented components and equipment.Discussion and conclusions. The authors critically evaluate existing models of stands with running drums. Such information is useful for choosing serial models of stands and for developing technical tasks for designing or upgrading the equipment.
URBAN PUBLIC TRANSPORT: MARGINAL VALUE OF THE CAPACITY FACTOR
Authors: Fadeev A. I. , Fomin Ye. V. , Alhusseini S. 
Published: July 2019

Introduction. One of the most important indicators determining the public transport service quality is the capacity utilization factor of transport fleet. This parameter directly effects on the economic efficiency of the transport organization. For the carrier it is desirable from an economic point of view that the value of the capacity utilization factor takes on the greatest value. Passengers, on the contrary, prefer to transfer without overfull capacity of transport vehicles. Moreover, this factor is used in determining travel fares, analyzing the executed movement regarding the availability of reserves in carrying capacity and planning transportation process. The paper discusses the method of marginal value calculation of the transport fleet’s capacity utilization factor of urban public transport based on ensuring standard vehicle's cabin filling limits.Materials and methods. The authors solved the task of determining the filling marginal value for transport fleet while working on regular urban routes by analyzing the dependence of the capacity utilization factor on the passenger traffic parameters, the average operating time of the transport fleet on the route and the speed fluctuation during public transport operation. The authors also proposed the indicator of the transportation speed fluctuation during the operation of urban public transport.Results. The authors found out that the capacity utilization factor of transport fleet substantially depended on the passenger traffic parameters, on the average operating time of the transport fleet and on the speed fluctuation during public transport operation.Discussion and conclusion. The obtained dependences allow us calculating the marginal values of capacity utilization factor with taking into account the parameters of the planned transport process. The standard capacity utilization factor varies within considerable limits from 0.2 to 0.4, depending on the operating conditions.
ASSESSMENT OF RELIABILITY OF THE CITY PUBLIC TRANSPORT FUNCTIONING IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION CITIES
Authors: Sharov M. I. , Mikhaylov A. Yu. 
Published: July 2019

Introduction. The paper deals with the results of the reliability of urban public passenger transport routes. One of the main objectives is to consider the indicators for assessing the reliability of the urban passenger transport system, which have not yet been used in Russian practice. The peculiarity of these indicators is that the initial information can be obtained on the basis of modern bus equipment (GLONASS/GPS). The possibility of using these indicators, as well as the development of scales of reliability levels at the moment is an important scientific problem.Materials and methods. The authors proposed modern indicators for assessing the reliability of urban passenger transport routes, such as the time index and the associated buffer time indicator. The authors used the methods of mathematical statistics to process the data on the duration of bus traffic.Results. The authors obtained the reliability characteristics of urban passenger routes. Moreover, the paper presented the comparison of the reliability values on the example of Irkutsk and Angarsk.Discussion and conclusions. The authors reveal the range of values of the time and buffer indices based on the data of route networks of two different cities. Therefore, the authors offer the estimation scale of the reliability levels on routes.
CHILDREN TRANSPORTATION BY BUSES IN INTERCITY TRANSFERS TAKING INTO ACCOUNT AGE FEATURES
Authors: Yanuchkova O. E. , Yanuchkov M. R. , Yakunina N. V. 
Published: July 2019

Introduction. The paper is devoted to the problem of organized children transfers by road transport (buses) in intercity connection. Nowadays, according to the legislation of the Russian Federation, children are on the way during the organized transfer no more than 4 hours. Meanwhile, the process of the children transfer is considered without taking into account age groups and this process is regulated by rest time of drivers. The objective of the paper is the actualization of the organized children transportation by buses in intercity connection and of the organization method taking into account age features.Materials and methods. The authors used the method of statistical and systematic analysis, the method of expert estimates, technical expertise, the theory of the passenger transport by road transport and also other techniques and methods of scientific research.Results. As a result, the authors suggested taking into account the regularities of distance and time of the transfer by the age of children and in adjusting of driving conditions and rest time of drivers and also in organization of tourist routes.Discussion and conclusions. The authors recommend to use the results of the research for children and youth tourism organization and for the organized carriage of children groups by road transport (buses) in intercity transfers.
EFFECTIVE HEAT-PROTECTIVE SYSTEM WITH THE USE OF THERMAL INSULATING SOLUTION OF REDUCED DENSITY
Authors: Zagorodnyuk L. Kh. , Sumskoy D. A. , Zolotykh S. V. 
Published: July 2019

Introduction. The manuscript is devoted to the actual problem of thermal insulation of buildings and structures. The paper presents a developed low-density insulation solution with improved heatengineering characteristics. The aim of the work is to increase the efficiency of the heat-shielding system using a low-density heat-insulating solution.Methods and materials.The authors carried out tests at the site of heat engineering control of LLC «Intellect-service-ZBK-1» to determine the resistance to heat transfer of the enclosing structure.Results.The construction of the wall system consisting of the «Aerobel» D500 gas-silicate block (625×200×250 mm) and made on a low-density heat-insulating masonry mortar, as well as with the use of a heat-insulating mortar and a universal «Moutrical» energy-efficient coating allowed increasing actual reduced heat transfer resistance from 0.9 to 1.4 (m2 ·K) / W (by 36%).Discussion and conclusions.Laboratory research and field tests that meet the requirements of state standards and that develop low-density heat-insulating plaster demonstrate the low-density heatinsulating solution, which indicates the feasibility in thermal insulation of buildings and structures. The authors achieve special economic and ecological effect in connection with the use of local raw materials and waste production of expanded perlite sand.
RHEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF CERAMIC MASSES: IMPROVEMENT BY COMPLEX MATERIAL ACTIVATION
Authors: Mavlyanov A. S. , Sardarbekova E. K. 
Published: July 2019

Introduction. The objective of the research is to study the effect of the complex activation of the alumina raw material on the rheological properties of the ceramic mass. In addition, the authors investigate solutions for the application of optimal coagulation structures based on loams and ash together with plastic certificates.Materials and methods. The authors used the local forest like reserves of clay loams at the BashKarasu, ash fields of the Bishkek Central Heating Centre (BTEC) and plasticizer (sodium naphthenate obtained from alkaline chemical production wastes) as fibrous materials. Moreover, the authors defined technological properties of raw materials within standard laboratory methodology in accordance with current GOSTs.Results. The researchers tested plastic durability on variously prepared masses for the choice of optimal structures. The paper demonstrated the plastic durability of complexly activated compounds comparing with non-activated and mechanically activated compounds. The sensitivity coefficient increased the amount of clay loams by mechanically and complexly activated, which predetermined the possibility of intensifying the process of drying samples based on complexly activated masses.Discussion and conclusions. However, mechanical activation of clay material reduces the period of relaxation and increases the elasticity coefficient of ceramic masses by 1.8–3.4 times, meanwhile decreases elasticity, viscosity and the conventional power during molding, which generally worsens the molding properties of the masses. Сomplex activation of ash-clay material decreases the period of relaxation and provides an increase in elasticity, plasticity of ceramic masses by 46–47%, reduction in viscosity by 1.5–2 times, conventional power on molding by 37–122% in comparison with MA clay loams. Ceramic masses based on spacecraft alumina raw materials belong to the SMT with improved rheological properties; products based on them pass through the mouthpiece for 5–7 seconds.
MANUFACTURE OF MODIFIED ARBOLIT FROM LOCAL RAW MATERIALS: OPTIMIZATION OF COMPOSITION AND PROPERTIES OF RAW MATERIAL COMPONENTS
Authors: Matyeva A. K. 
Published: July 2019

Introduction. The creation of energy-saving materials involves the use of local raw materials for products with improved physic-mechanical properties. The author carries optimization of the rational composition and properties of modified arbolite from plant-gypsum composition (PGC). In addition, the author uses modifiers on new ways of preparing the aggregate according to the method of experimental and statistical modeling.Materials and methods. The author used the cereal straw grown in the Kyrgyz Republic (CS), G-5 and G-7 construction gypsum based on local raw materials, ash from the Bishkek Heat and Power Plant (BHPP), portland cement clinker PCC, natural clay (ganch). Moreover, the clay component of the Toloykonsky deposit was used as the clay component. The author also added the liquid glass, latex SCS, the low-concentration resin LCR-3066 + catalyst of ionic type (CIT) as modifiers for the formation of the porous polymer-silicate systems. The paper marked the plasticizing additives in the manufacture of arbolite as SCS, LCR and CIT components. As a retarder the setting of gypsum was added a partial salt 1-hydroxyethylidene-1, 1-diphosphonic acid with triethanolamine and flame retardants. The tests were carried out according to standard methods. To optimize the composition and properties of the polymersilicate-gypsum composition (PSGC), the author carried out a three-factor experiment according to the B3 plan, where three prescription factors varied: X1 – straw content,%; X2 – content of polymer silicate additives (PSA) + plasticizer,%; X3 – gypsum content + portland cement clinker as a nitroperimethyl phosphoric acid (NPA) and flame gypsum retarder.Results. The research showed that at 28 days of age for cement-free gypsum compositions as the content of straw increased, the strength was almost unchanged. When comparing the strength of the same samples of 2 and 28 days strength with the maximum filling of gypsum, the author defined that the PSA content should not exceed 12% when the straw additive was 26% and further PSA increasing did not increase the strength.Discussion and conclusions. As a result, the author achieves maximum strength of the arbolit, when the content of G-7 gypsum is 28-32%, ash is 18-22% and PSC is 8-10%. The maximum value of strength and water resistance of the material is achieved with a rational ratio of components: straw – 24–28%, G-7 gypsum – 30–32% + NSPL – 0,05%; ash – 18–22%; resin – 3066-8-12% + catalyst – 0,3% (87% sulfuric acid, 13% phosphoric acid); PCC – 3–5%; clay-gypsum (ganch) – 2%; liquid sodium glass – 12%; plasticizers CIT – 0,15%, SCS – 0,2%, LCR – 0,15%; modified hardener – 0,5% and water.
CRACK STRENGTH OF HOLLOW CORE SLABS: EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH
Authors: Mitasov V. M. , Statsenko N. V. , Sametov F. K. , Kurbonov A. M. 
Published: July 2019

Introduction. The paper presents the results of research that allow assessing the degree of influence of pre-organized cracks on the character crack formation and on the process of the hollow-core slabs’ deformation under short-term load action.Materials and methods. The hollow-core slabs are made without prestressing – one by traditional technology, the second with pre-organized cracks in the manufacturing process. Physical experiment performed on fall-scale structure of hollow-core slabs of П66.10-81500СП. The authors conducted the tests to the calculated breaking load. Moreover, the authors presented the contrastive analysis of character crack formation and of the hollow-core slabs’ deformation of П66.10-8А500СП traditional manufacturing and with pre-organized cracks.Results. As a result, the authors confirmed the earlier hypotheses about the greater rigidity of plates with pre-organized cracks in comparison with the plates where the cracks arose stochastically and under operational load. The installation of organized cracks did not reduce the bearing capacity, thus, reduced the deformability. Therefore, the width of the crack became smaller and the deflections became less.Discussion and conclusions. In the structures of long length, which are rejected by the second limit group, the organization of cracks at the manufacturing stage allows not putting additional reinforcement to reduce the width and deflection of the crack.
RESULTS OF EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH OF THE REINFORCED CONCRETE SHELL-SLAB
Authors: Selivano A. V. , Reger F. F. 
Published: July 2019

Introducton. The paper demonstrates the results of experimental research of the reinforced concrete shell-slab under the action of vertical uniformly distributed load. The authors also present the comparison of such research results with the results of stress-strain state evaluation performed in the “Lira” software package.Materials and methods. The authors tested the reinforced concrete model representing physically similar copy with the 1:5 scale coefficients by general size, and by separate details. The load was applied in 10–15% doze of the theoretical bearing capacity of the plate.Results. The authors calculated the experimental transverse stress σх,3,exp, which was in full-scale construction and in the 3 central sphere. The authors also made the comparison of such transverse stress with theoretical transverse stresses σх,3,teor and the comparison was performed in the “Lira” program complex. The diagrams of the above stresses were well matched by outlines and values.Discussion and conclusions. As a result, the experimental (σx, 3,exp.) and theoretical (σx,3,theor.) stresses are compressive near the shell-slab center. Its maximum stress values (σx, 3, exp) reach x/b=0,5 at a point with a relative coordinate, and the stress (σx,3,theor.) – x/b ≈ 0,45.The zero voltage values σx,3,exp. reach a quarter of the shelf width, theoretical stress –with x/b ≈ 0,3 mm ratio.Maximum values of experimental and theoretical tensile stresses σx, 3 reach x/b ≈ 0,15 ratio. Therefore, the values are close to each other, and do not exceed the standard concrete tensile resistance Rbt, ser.The practical significance of the study is to obtain experimental evidence of the abandoning possibility of the horizontal transverse reinforcement of the shelf, which would reduce the complexity and cost of the investigated structures production.The prospects conclude in:research of the shell-slab operation at the stage of ultimate equilibrium;research of the shell-slab crack resistance and stiffness at all stages of its operation;research of the shell-slab operation taking into account the fixation in the transverse direction of its longitudinal contour edges along entire length.
Ways of increase of efficiency of process of the vibroextrusion of fibrous concrete
Authors: Dovzhik M.T. 
Published: July 2019

The process of mixing the components of the mixture is an important factor affecting the physical and mechanical properties and appearance of the final product. The proposed designs of vibroexcluders for mixing fibrous concrete and the formation of flat products provided analytical formulas for calculating the process of vibration extrusion.
The quantitative criterion of laminar convective mixing, which occurs when vibroexclusion, is the degree of increase in the surface area of the interface between the components, which in turn depends on the total deformation and initial orientation of the surface.
The constructions of vibroextruders are provided for the mixing of a fibrous concrete and forming flat products, and analytical formulas are given for the calculation of the vibroextrusion process.
The construction of a cascade vibrating extruder for the proposed mixing can be applied to a wide range of compositions of fibro concrete mixes, and a specially designed vibratory extruder for forming can significantly improve the longitudinal orientation of dispersed fittings in flat products.
The degree of longitudinal orientation of the fiber in the process of vibroexclusion of fiber concrete can be regulated by the geometry and size of the channels of the vibroexcutter bunker, as well as by the application of special guiding partitions.
Practically the degree of mixing is characterized by the speed of vibration exclusion. Due to the fact that the vibroextrusion mixing does not occur the destruction of fiber reinforcement, as a result of the successive passage of the mixture through several channels, the moment when the vibration excursion velocity stabilizes.
The given analytical dependencies give the possibility of quantitative description of differences in the deformation of the mixture and the final orientation of fibers in the products for the proposed apparatus. The degree of longitudinal orientation fibers need to be set separately for different products, depending on their purpose, and change the degree of orientation is carried out by changing the geometry of the vane bunker vibroextruder.
The results of the work are supposed to be used in the design of a new vibration excretory equipment for mixing fibrous concrete mixtures and the formation of dispersed reinforced products.
Lazer ile AA7075 Aluminyum Alaşımının Yüzeyinin Kaplanması ve İşlenebilirlik Özelliklerinin Araştırılması
Authors: ŞİMŞEK Tuncay , AKKURT Adnan 
Published: July 2019

Bu çalışmada, mekanokimyasal yöntemle sentezlenmiş
ZrB2 nanoparçacıkları 2 kW’lık CO2 lazeri ile AA7075
aluminyum alaşımı yüzeyine kaplanmıştır. Lazer gücünün ve lazer tarama hızının
kaplama tabakaları üzerindeki etkilerini belirlemek için 2 farklı deney seti
gerçekleştirilmiştir. İlk deney setinde 1000 mm/min tarama hızı sabit tutularak
50, 70 ve 100 W lazer güçlerinde, diğer deney setinde ise 70 W lazer gücü sabit
tutularak 300, 500 mm/min tarama hızlarında kaplama deneyleri yapılmıştır. Kaplama
tabakasının faz yapıları ve morfolojik özellikleri X-ışınları kırınım
difraktometresi, taramalı elektron mikroskobu ve optik mikroskop ile incelenmiştir.
Kaplama tabakalarının aşınma dayanımları ve sertlikleri pin-on disk aşınma
cihazı ve mikrosertlik cihazı ile belirlenmiştir. Daha sonra kaplanmış
numunelerin işlenebilirlik özelliklerini tespit etmek için, numuneler sırasıyla
aşındırıcı su jeti, tel erozyon, lazer ve aşındırıcı disk ile kesilerek karakterize
edilmiştir. Kaplama işlemi sonrasında anametalin sertliğinin 110 HV’den 190 HV’ye
çıktığı tespit edilmiştir. Diğer yöntemlere kıyasla ısı girdisinin minimum
olmasından dolayı aşındırıcı su jeti ön plana çıkmasına rağmen, en az tahribat
aşındırıcı disk ile kesmede gözlenmiştir. Lazer yöntemiyle kaplanan numuneler
için en uygun kesme
yönteminin aşındırıcılı disk ile kesme yöntemi olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
Associative connection of molecular genetic and biochemical markers with the character of chronic fl uoride intoxication in aluminum industry workers
Authors: Yadykina T. K. , Gulyaeva O. N. , Rumpel O. A. , Semenova E. A. , Zhukova A. G. 
Published: July 2019

Introduction.Th e aluminum industry belongs to the industry with a high status of occupational pathology. The study of metabolic bases and hygienic aspects of fl uorosis is a priority section of modern occupational health. Organ failure occurs in a separate group of workers, despite the equivalent conditions of production and may be due to biochemical polymorphism.The aimof the study was to explore the associative relationship of molecular genetic, biochemical markers with the nature of chronic fl uoride intoxication in workers of the aluminum industry.Materials and methods. Th e complex of clinical and genetic parameters of workers of Novokuznetsk aluminum plant with the determination of the content of harmful impurities in the air of the working areas was evaluated. Statistical analysis was carried out using IBM SPSS Statistics 22.Results. Over 25 years of observation, the maximum risk of intoxication was observed in the workplaces of electrolyzers, anodes against the background of metabolic disorders. Th e associative relationship of CYP, GST, SOD genes with the nature of fl uoride intoxication was determined.Conclusions.Th e development of fl uorosis is predetermined by the hereditary component. Markers associated with the dynamics of metabolic maladaptation allow to predict the course of the disease.