bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ПРОБІОТИКИ З ПОЗИЦІЇ ДОКАЗОВОЇ МЕДИЦИНИ
Authors: Chukhray I. L. 
Published: October 2019

Мета роботи. Здійснити впорядкування даних доказової медицини стосовно застосування пробіотиків, враховуючи ступінь підтвердження їх ефективності при профілактиці та лікуванні різних захворювань.
Матеріали і методи. Матеріалом дослідження були систематичні огляди Кокранівської бібліотеки за період 2006-2018 рр., методами - інформаційний пошук, аналіз та узагальнення.
Результати й обговорення. Систематичні огляди стосовно ефективності та безпеки використання пробіотиків було ранжовано за датою та темою. Показано, що актуальність вивчення ефективності застосування пробіотиків зростає. Встановлено, що найбільша частка систематичних оглядів присвячена застосуванню пробіотиків у гастроентерології.
Підтверджено безпечність проведення пробіотикотерапії та з’ясовано, що для досягнення ефекту, аналогічного до отриманих у рандомізованих клінічних дослідженнях, необхідно використовувати ту ж саму форму і дозу пробіотика, як у дослідженні. Позитивний ефект пробіотика, що спостерігається у пацієнтів одного віку не екстраполюється на пацієнтів іншого віку, а також ефект певного пробіотика не переноситься на інші види та штами пробіотичних мікроорганізмів.
Висновки. На підставі аналізу даних Кокранівської бібліотеки виділено 32 систематичних огляди стосовно ефективності та безпеки використання пробіотиків, які розподілено на чотири групи: з підтвердженою ефективністю; з підтвердженою ефективністю, яка потребує додаткових рандомізованих клінічних досліджень; з недостатніми доказами ефективності, але з перспективністю подальших рандомізованих клінічних досліджень; з не підтвердженою ефективністю. За даними систематичних оглядів першої групи встановлено, що клінічно обґрунтованим напрямком застосування пробіотиків є профілактика антибіотикоасоційованої діареї та лікування гострої інфекційної діареї.
Short AIP1 (ASK1-Interacting Protein-1) Isoform Localizes to the Mitochondria and Promotes Vascular Dysfunction
Authors: Li Zheng , Li Li , Zhang Haifeng , Zhou Huanjiao Jenny , Ji Weidong , Min Wang 
Published: October 2019

Objective:

Vascular endothelial cells (ECs) normally maintain vascular homeostasis and are regulated by proinflammatory cytokines and reactive oxygen species. A human genome-wide association study identified that
AIP1
(ASK1 [apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1]-interacting protein-1; also identified as
DAB2IP
) gene variants confer susceptibility to cardiovascular disease, but the underlying mechanism is unknown.

Approach and Results:
We detected a normal AIP1 form (named AIP1A) in the healthy aorta, but a shorter form of AIP1 (named AIP1B) was found in diseased aortae that contained atherosclerotic plaques and graft arteriosclerosis. AIP1B transcription in resting ECs was suppressed through epigenetic inhibition by RIF1 (Rap1 [ras-related protein 1]-interacting factor 1)/H3K9 (histone H3 lysine 9) methyltransferase-mediated H3K9 trimethylation, and this inhibition was released by proinflammatory cytokines. AIP1A, but not AIP1B, was downregulated by proteolytic degradation through a Smurf1 (SMAD [suppressor of mothers against decapentaplegic miscellaneous] ubiquitylation regulatory factor 1)-dependent pathway in ECs under inflammation. Therefore, AIP1B was the major form present during inflammatory conditions. AIP1B, which lacks the N-terminal pleckstrin homology domain of AIP1A, localized to the mitochondria and augmented TNFα (tumor necrosis factor alpha)-induced mitochondrial reactive oxygen species generation and EC activation. AIP1B-ECTG (EC-specific AIP1B transgenic) mice exhibited augmented reactive oxygen species production, EC activation, and neointima formation in vascular remodeling models.

Conclusions:
Our current study suggests that a shift from anti-inflammatory AIP1A to proinflammatory AIP1B during chronic inflammation plays a key role in inflammatory vascular diseases.
Building youth health champions in an Indian subpopulation for non-communicable disease prevention
Authors: Blunt Madeleine , Joseph Liyana , George Caroline , Garner Shelby 
Published: October 2019

Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are a leading cause of death in India, creating the need to research strategies for preventing and recognising these diseases. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to develop and research an interactive health education programme on NCDs in a rural subpopulation of Bengaluru and to build ‘health champions’ among young people to contribute to the prevention of NCDs in India. Design: A descriptive qualitative approach was used to develop and evaluate an interactive educational programme. Students, aged 12–16, from a rural secondary school took part in the study. Method: Participants were separated into five focus groups covering different NCDs including hypertension, diabetes mellitus, otitis media, oral cancer and malnutrition. Each focus group was interviewed face-to-face before, during and after all activities. Content analysis was conducted using a directed approach. Results: Findings were organised into themes that described aspects of learning that enhanced or detracted from student understanding about NCDs. Conclusion: Findings from this study show that creative methods have a positive impact on educating students, aged 12–16, on NCDs.
Building integrated photovoltaic modules and the integration of phase change materials for equatorial applications
Authors: Karthick A , Kalidasa Murugavel K , Sudalaiyandi K , Muthu Manokar A 
Published: October 2019

The performance of building integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) system depends on the geographical location and the incident angle of solar radiation. In this paper, a simple mathematical model has been developed to predict the performance of BIPV modules with and without phase change material (PCM). The effect of transmittance of the BIPV glass cover is studied with respect to incident solar radiation. The performance curves, annual energy and exergy gains are analysed for hot and humid climatic conditions of Kovilpatti (9°10′0′′N, 77°52′0′′E), Tamil Nadu, India. The annual electrical energy gains of the BIPV-PCM for the south orientation is (135 kWh) and the east orientation (110 kWh) obtained the minimum. Similarly, the annual electrical energy of the BIPV-PCM is maximum in the east orientation and minimum in the west orientation. The south orientation BIPV-PCM obtained the maximum energy (190 kWh) and exergy (27.3 kWh). The theoretically calculated results have good agreement with experimental results. Practical application: Integration of photovoltaic modules into the building structure has many benefits and challenges; before integrating into the building structure, the performance and impact of the BIPV module needs to be studied. This study will assist developers and designers to understand the likely performance of the BIPV modules and assess the benefit of integrated phase change materials for application in residential buildings in equatorial climate zones.
Unilateral Vocal Fold Paralysis and Voice Therapy: Does Age Matter? A Prospective Study With 100 Consecutive Patients
Authors: Santos Mariline , Vaz Freitas Susana , Santos Pedro , Carvalho Isabel , Coutinho Miguel , Moreira da Silva Álvaro , Almeida e Sousa Cecília 
Published: October 2019

Objective: To use a multidimensional assessment to analyze potential influence of “aging” in the functional outcomes achieved by a group of patients with recent onset of unilateral vocal fold paralysis (UVFP) who underwent voice therapy. Design: Prospective, observational, and cross-sectional study. Setting: Otolaryngology department, Centro Hospitalar do Porto. Participants: Patients with UVFP who underwent voice therapy. Main Outcome Measures: Data regarding gender, age, side and position of the paralyzed vocal fold, etiology, comorbidities, and Voice Handicap Index (VHI)—30 questions, before and after voice therapy, were collected. Glottal insufficiency was also evaluated, by endoscopic laryngoscopy, before and after voice therapy. Results: A total of 100 patients (76 females and 24 males) with UVFP were included. Mean age was 61.04 years (range: 21-88 years). The mean score of VHI, before and after voice therapy, was statistically different ( P < .001) with a lower score after therapy. The score of VHI was not influenced by age ( P = .717). However, for each 10-year increase in age, the score of VHI, before and after voice therapy, increased 1.91 and 2.86 units, respectively. As concerns endoscopic findings, 80% of patients exhibited better glottis closure after voice therapy ( P < .001), and this was not influenced by age. Nevertheless, for each 10-year increase in age, the chance of endoscopic improvement reduced 3%. Conclusions: A clear and significant improvement was visible in the endoscopic and self-assessment ratings after rehabilitation by isolated voice therapy. Despite possible anatomical and physiological aging changes in the phonatory system, age did not compromise the successful rate obtained by voice therapy.
Hemoperfusion plus continuous veno-venous hemofiltration in the treatment of patients with multiple organ failure after wasp stings
Authors: Li Li , Bo Wang , Chen Huang , XiaoWei Liu , Hongbao Liu , Peng Zhang 
Published: October 2019

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the clinical effects of hemoperfusion plus continuous veno-venous hemofiltration in the treatment of patients with multiple organ failure after wasp stings and investigate its impacts on cytokines. Methods: A total of 12 patients with multiple organ failure after wasp stings admitted to Xijing Hospital were included in the present study between January 2017 and January 2019. All patients received hemoperfusion plus continuous veno-venous hemofiltration treatment in addition to conventional treatment after admission. Procedure of treatment was conducted as the following: hemoperfusion (2 h/day) and followed by continuous veno-venous hemofiltration (22 h/day) for at least 5 days. Patients’ clinical features, serum laboratory tests, and hemodynamic variables were monitored. The blood samples were taken to measure the changes of plasma cytokines. Results: All 12 patients survived in the observation period. After hemoperfusion plus continuous veno-venous hemofiltration treatment, there were significant improvements in indicators of liver function, renal function, state of consciousness, and mediators in blood circulation, including alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase, creatine kinase, blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, myoglobin, C-reactive protein, and so on. In these patients, acid–base metabolism returned to normal levels; Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II score, Simplified Acute Physiology Score II score, and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score lowered markedly. Furthermore, the plasma levels of interleukin 1β, interleukin 4, interleukin 6, interleukin 8, and interleukin 10 in these patients were significantly decreased; no significant change was shown in the level of tumor necrosis factor α. Conclusion: Our results revealed that hemoperfusion plus continuous veno-venous hemofiltration was effective in the management of patients with multiple organ failure after wasp sting via the non-specific removal of the wasp venom and inflammatory cytokines.
A review of hypogonadotropic hypogonadism cases followed up in our clinic in the last decade
Authors: Yılmazel Fatih Kürşat , Karabulut İbrahim , Yılmaz Ali Haydar , Keskin Ercüment , Bedir Fevzi , Özbey İsa 
Published: October 2019

Introduction: The aim of the present study was to evaluate, with this retrospective study, the patients with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, who were followed up in our clinic in the last decade and were reviewed in terms of the incidence of the disease, diagnostic methods and differential diagnoses, treatment modalities, fertility rates, and treatment success. Methods: After a very careful differential diagnosis, 81 patients (1.5% of infertile men presenting to the outpatient clinic) were diagnosed with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. This study only included patients diagnosed with idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. The treatment was undertaken in two periods depending on whether or not the patients wanted to have children at that time: testosterone replacement therapy and gonadotropin therapy. To induce spermatogenesis, the patients were treated using human chorionic gonadotropin and urinary or recombinant follicle-stimulating hormone. Results: The pregnancy rates of the spouses of the patients were as follows: spontaneous 64.6% (n = 42), intrauterine insemination 12.3% (n = 8), in vitro fertilization 15.3% (n = 10), and microscopic testicular sperm extraction + intracytoplasmic sperm injection 4.6% (n = 3). Conclusion: Idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism is a rare but easily diagnosable and treatable cause of male infertility. After a long period of the treatment, almost all idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism patients can be treated with gonadotropins (human chorionic gonadotropin + follicle-stimulating hormone) in order to have children. The most important issue in the treatment is the dose of the drugs used in the treatment and the duration of the treatment. The most important result is that the required gonadotropin dose varies according to each patient. Therefore, the treatment dose and duration should be increased until patients have children.
Prevalence of Mental Disorders and Suicidality in Canadian Provinces
Authors: Palay Joshua , Taillieu Tamara L. , Afifi Tracie O. , Turner Sarah , Bolton James M. , Enns Murray W. , Smith Mark , Lesage Alain , Bakal Jeffrey A. , Rush Brian , Adair Carol E. , Vigod Simone N. , Clelland Steven , Rittenbach Katherine , Kurdyak Paul , Sareen Jitender 
Published: October 2019

Objective: There is limited information to guide health-care service providers and policy makers on the burden of mental disorders and addictions across the Canadian provinces. This study compares interprovincial prevalence of major depressive disorder (MDD), bipolar disorder, generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), alcohol use disorder, substance use disorders, and suicidality. Method: Data were extracted from the 2012 Canadian Community Health Survey—Mental Health ( n = 25,113), a representative sample of Canadians over the age of 15 years across all provinces. Cross tabulations and logistic regression were used to determine the prevalence and odds of the above disorders for each province. Adjustments for provincial sociodemographic factors were performed. Results: The past-year prevalence of all measured mental disorders and suicidality, excluding GAD, demonstrated significant interprovincial differences. Manitoba exhibited the highest prevalence of any mental disorder (13.6%), reflecting high prevalence of MDD and alcohol use disorder compared to the other provinces (7.0% and 3.8%, respectively). Nova Scotia exhibited the highest prevalence of substance use disorders (2.9%). Quebec and Prince Edward Island exhibited the lowest prevalence of any mental disorder (8.5% and 7.7%, respectively). Manitoba also exhibited the highest prevalence of suicidal ideation (5.1%); however, British Columbia and Ontario exhibited the highest prevalence of suicidal planning (1.4% and 1.3%, respectively), and Ontario alone exhibited the highest prevalence of suicide attempts (0.7%). Conclusions: Significant interprovincial differences were found in the past-year prevalence of mental disorders and suicidality in Canada. More research is necessary to explore these differences and how they impact the need for mental health services.
Structural and optical coherence tomography angiography in myopic choroidal neovascularization: Agreement with conventional fluorescein angiography
Authors: Iacono Pierluigi , Giorno Paola , Varano Monica , Parravano Mariacristina 
Published: October 2019

Purpose: To evaluate the agreement between fluorescein angiography and structural optical coherence tomography in diagnosing and monitoring the activity of myopic choroidal neovascularization and to provide a comparative analysis with optical coherence tomography angiography. Methods: Thirteen patients with active myopic choroidal neovascularization were prospectively enrolled. At the baseline, 2-month, and 6-month visits, each patient underwent a complete ophthalmological examination, including best-corrected visual acuity assessment, fundus examination, fluorescein angiography, and optical coherence tomography with structural and angiographic assessment. Sensitivity and specificity for all optical coherence tomography parameters were evaluated taking fluorescein angiography as the reference examination. Results: At the baseline, fluorescein angiography confirmed myopic choroidal neovascularization leakage in all patients. Structural optical coherence tomography demonstrated intraretinal or subretinal fluid in 61% of cases, fuzzy borders and absence of external limiting membrane visibility in 84% of cases, and subretinal hyperreflective exudation in 53% of cases. Sensitivity to the presence of retinal fluid and subretinal hyperreflective exudation was lower than sensitivity to fuzzy borders and external limiting membrane visibility, which reached 84%. During ranibizumab therapy, external limiting membrane visibility showed a higher sensitivity (100%) compared with fuzzy borders and subretinal hyperreflective exudation (66.6%) while displaying an equal specificity of 100%. At baseline and final visit, sensitivity increased to 100% when all structural optical coherence tomography parameters were pooled. Optical coherence tomography angiography detected myopic choroidal neovascularization at baseline, 2-month, and 6-month visits in 92%, 76%, and 76% of cases, respectively. Conclusion: The study confirms that the new indicators of myopic choroidal neovascularization activity are more reliable than the presence or absence of retinal fluid. Optical coherence tomography angiography identified myopic choroidal neovascularization in most patients in the diagnostic phase and during treatment monitoring and could be considered as an alternative to fluorescein angiography in selected patients.
Participation in social/lifestyle activities in people with multiple sclerosis: Changes across 10 years and predictors of sustained participation
Authors: Johansson Sverker , Ytterberg Charlotte , Gottberg Kristina , Holmqvist Lotta Widén , von Koch Lena , Conradsson David 
Published: October 2019

Background: Identification of people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) with increased risk of restricted participation in social and lifestyle activities (e.g. social outings and pursuing a hobby) could guide the development of interventions supporting sustained participation. Objective: To explore changes in participation in complex and social everyday activities over 10 years in PwMS in relation to multiple sclerosis (MS) severity and to identify predictors of sustained participation. Methods: This study was based on a 10-year follow-up of 264 PwMS living in Stockholm County, Sweden. Ten-year changes in participation in social/lifestyle activities were assessed and compared between PwMS with different MS severity with the Frenchay Activities Index using age- and sex-related normative values. Multiple logistic regression analyses were used to predict sustained participation at 10 years using personal factors, disease severity and functioning as independent variables. Results: While a majority of people with mild MS demonstrated sustained participation (67%), a minority of PwMS moderately (26%) and severely affected by MS (5%) demonstrated sustained participation. Significant predictors of sustained participation after 10 years were walking speed ⩾1.2 m/s and ⩾32 correct responses on the Symbol Digit Modalities Test. Conclusion: Our findings accentuate the importance for health services to support mobility and cognition to obtain sustained participation.
Arm sling after carpal tunnel surgery: myth or evidence based?
Authors: Kroeze Maartje , Rakhorst Hinne , Houpt Peter 
Published: October 2019

Arm sling elevation is widely used after hand surgery to prevent swelling and pain. This prospective cohort study investigated whether arm sling elevation has any value after carpal tunnel release surgery. Patients were assigned to one of two groups after carpal tunnel release: with or without arm sling elevation. The primary outcome was postoperative swelling. Secondary outcomes were pain and symptom relief and functional outcome. Volumetric analysis showed no significant difference between the sling and non-sling group. Pain scores and improvement of symptom severity and functional status scores were similar for both groups. Thirty-eight per cent found the sling uncomfortable. These results do not support routine use of arm sling elevation after carpal tunnel release. Level of evidence: III
Understanding the patient profile and health-related quality of life in patients presenting for hand surgery
Authors: Birks Margaret E. , Sharma Kavita , Steele Kathryn , Jones Georgina , Miller J. Gavin 
Published: October 2019

The aim of this descriptive epidemiological study of patients, referred to and selected for surgery at a UK tertiary hand centre, was to investigate patterns of common hand disorders and their impact on those individuals. A prospective collection of patient-reported outcome scores was carried out in patients before operation using the Patient Outcomes of Surgery Hand/Arm and the Euro-Qol 5 dimension three-level measures. Patient participation was voluntary and data collected over a 4-year period are discussed. Patient-reported outcome scores were calculated using appropriate algorithms. The results show correlation between the number of comorbidities and both symptoms and activity domains of the Patient Outcomes of Surgery Hand/Arm; higher symptom scores were seen in women. There was no increase in scores for older patients or those from more deprived areas. Population-based research using recognized patient-reported outcome measurement tools could aid future health service planning. Level of evidence: IV
Five-Month Follow-up Shows No Improvement in Dermatological Complications in Children With Type 1 Diabetes Using Continuous Glucose Monitoring Systems and Insulin Pumps
Authors: Weng Anna T. , Zachariae Claus , Christensen Karl B. , Svensson Jannet , Berg Anna K. 
Published: October 2019

Background: A Danish study showed that 90% of the pediatric patients who participated had some time experienced dermatological complications due to treatment with continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII). This follow-up study describes dermatological complications due to CSII and/or continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) between the two study periods and includes health-related quality of life (HrQoL) measurements. Methods: A total of 138 patients (95%) out of 145 patients from the initial study answered an online questionnaire regarding dermatological complications related to CSII and/or CGM, five months later. A second questionnaire (DISABKIDS) regarding HrQoL was sent out to those 138 of which 111 patients completed it. The patients were aged from 2 to 20 years. Descriptive statistics, χ2 tests, and univariate and multivariate analyses were used to analyze the data. Results: In total, 81% of the 138 patients continued to have dermatological complications at follow-up. Itching was the most frequently reported complication. Patients using Enlite reported more dermatological complications than those using Libre. In total, 79% of the patients who used barrier cream in the initial study still had dermatological complications five months later. Age, gender, Body Mass Index (BMI), or HbA1c levels showed no significant association with dermatological complications. Patients who perceived dermatological complications as a greater problem had lower HrQoL scores. Conclusion: Once dermatological complications start to appear, they become chronic, indicating that the treatments currently available are inadequate. Patients perceiving dermatological complications as a greater problem were associated with lower HrQoL. These findings highlight the need for additional preventive studies.