bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Is androgen deprivation therapy associated with cerebral infarction in patients with prostate cancer? A Korean nationwide population‐based propensity score matching study
Authors: Tae Bum Sik , Jeon Byeong Jo , Choi Hoon , Bae Jae Hyun , Park Jae Young 
Published: June 2019

AbstractPurposePrevious studies have suggested that androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is associated with cerebral infarction. However, conflicting results have been reported by other researchers. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between ADT and cerebral infarction in patients with prostate cancer (PC) using big data.Materials and MethodsUsing information from the National Health Insurance Service database representative of the entire Korean adult PC population (n = 206 735), data regarding ADT and cerebral infarction between 2009 and 2016 were analyzed. Adjusted hazard ratios for cerebral infarction associated with ADT were estimated using propensity score‐matched Cox proportional hazards models and Kaplan‐Meier survival analyses.ResultsThe final cohort comprised 36 146 individuals with PC, including 24 069 men (66.6%) who underwent ADT. During the mean follow‐up of 4.1 years, 2792 patients were newly diagnosed with cerebral infarction. In the unmatched cohort, there was a significant difference in the annual incidence of cerebral infarction between the ADT and non‐ADT groups (22.8 vs 14.6 per 1000 person‐years, respectively). However, there was no significant difference between the ADT and non‐ADT groups in the matched cohort (14.9 vs 14.6 per 1000 person‐years). The adjusted hazard ratio for cerebral infarction for PC patients who underwent ADT was 1.045 (95% CI 0.943‐1.159; P = 0.401) compared with those who did not undergo ADT. In addition, the cumulative duration of ADT was also not associated with an increased risk for cerebral infarction. However, older age, hypertension, diabetes, myocardial infarction, congestive heart failure, peripheral vascular disease, renal disease, dementia, and atrial fibrillation were revealed to be factors contributing to cerebral infarction.ConclusionThis nationwide population‐based study revealed that ADT was not associated with cerebral infarction after adjusting for potential confounders.
Modulated electro‐hyperthermia induced p53 driven apoptosis and cell cycle arrest additively support doxorubicin chemotherapy of colorectal cancer in vitro
Authors: Vancsik Tamas , Forika Gertrud , Balogh Andrea , Kiss Eva , Krenacs Tibor 
Published: June 2019

AbstractObjectiveModulated electro‐hyperthermia (mEHT), a noninvasive complementary treatment of human chemo‐ and radiotherapy, can generate selective ~42°C heat in cancer due to elevated glycolysis (Warburg‐effect) and electric conductivity in malignant tissues. Here we tested the molecular background of mEHT and its combination with doxorubicin chemotherapy using an in vitro model.MethodsC26 mouse colorectal adenocarcinoma cultures were mEHT treated at 42°C for 2 × 60 minutes (with 120 minutes interruption) either alone or in combination with 1 µmol/L doxorubicin (mEHT + Dox). Cell stress response, apoptosis, and cell cycle regulation related markers were detected using qPCR and immunocytochemistry supported with resazurin cell viability assay, cell death analysis using flow‐cytometry and clonogenic assay.ResultCell‐stress by mEHT alone was indicated by the significant upregulation and release of hsp70 and calreticulin proteins 3 hours posttreatment. Between 3 and 9 hours after treatment significantly reduced anti‐apoptotic XIAP, BCL‐2, and BCL‐XL and elevated pro‐apoptotic BAX and PUMA, as well as the cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor p21waf1 mRNA levels were detected. After 24 hours, major elevation and nuclear translocation of phospho‐p53(Ser15) protein levels and reduced phospho‐Akt(Ser473) levels were accompanied by a significant caspase‐3‐mediated programmed cell death response. While mEHT dominantly induced apoptosis, Dox administration primarily led to tumor cell necrosis, and both significantly reduced the number of tumor progenitor colonies 10 days post‐treatment. Furthermore, mEHT promoted the uptake of Dox by tumor cells and the combined treatment additively reduced tumor cell viability and augmented cell death near to synergy.ConclusionIn C26 colorectal adenocarcinoma mEHT‐induced irreversible cell stress can activate both caspase‐dependent apoptosis and p21waf1 mediated growth arrest pathways, likely to be driven by the upregulated nuclear p53 protein. Elevated phospho‐p53(Ser15) might contribute to p53 escape from mdm2 control, which was further supported by reduced phospho‐Akt(Ser473) protein levels. In combinations, mEHT could promote the uptake and significantly potentiate the cytotoxic effect of doxorubicin.
Minimalist Protocell Design: A Molecular System Based Solely on Proteins that Form Dynamic Vesicular Membranes Embedding Enzymatic Functions
Authors: Huber Matthias C. , Schreiber Andreas , Schiller Stefan M. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractLife in its molecular context is characterized by the challenge of orchestrating structure, energy and information processes through compartmentalization and chemical transformations amenable to mimicry of protocell models. Here we present an alternative protocell model incorporating dynamic membranes based on amphiphilic elastin‐like proteins (ELPs) rather than phospholipids. For the first time we demonstrate the feasibility of combining vesicular membrane formation and biocatalytic activity with molecular entities of a single class: proteins. The presented self‐assembled protein‐membrane‐based compartments (PMBCs) accommodate either an anabolic reaction, based on free DNA ligase as an example of information transformation processes, or a catabolic process. We present a catabolic process based on a single molecular entity combining an amphiphilic protein with tobacco etch virus (TEV) protease as part of the enclosure of a reaction space and facilitating selective catalytic transformations. Combining compartmentalization and biocatalytic activity by utilizing an amphiphilic molecular building block with and without enzyme functionalization enables new strategies in bottom‐up synthetic biology, regenerative medicine, pharmaceutical science and biotechnology.
Cascade Biotransformation to Access 3‐Methylpiperidine in Whole Cells
Authors: Borlinghaus Niels , Weinmann Leonie , Krimpzer Florian , Scheller Philipp N. , Al‐Shameri Ammar , Lauterbach Lars , Coquel Anne‐Sophie , Lattemann Claus , Hauer Bernhard , Nestl Bettina M. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractSynthesis of 3‐methylpiperidine from 1,5‐diamino‐2‐methylpentane in preparative scale is reported by using recombinant Escherichia coli cells expressing a variant of the diamine oxidase from Rhodococcus erythroprolis and an imine reductase from Streptosporangium roseum. Optimization of process parameters for cultivation and bioconversion led to substantial improvements in the initial laboratory procedure. The transformation of the methyl‐substituted diamine substrate to the N‐heterocyclic product was successfully scaled‐up from shake‐flask to a 20 L bioreactor with increased substrate concentrations. Remarkably, we obtained 67 % of 3‐methylpiperidine product from 140 g substrate within 52 h.
Validation and Application of a Kinetic Model for Downdraft Biomass Gasification Simulation
Authors: Smith Joseph D. , Alembath Anand , Al-Rubaye Haider , Yu Jia , Gao Xi , Golpour Hassan 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBiomass gasification is widely recognized as an effective method to obtain renewable energy. To accurately predict the syngas and tar compositions is a challenge. A chemical reaction kinetics model based on comprehensive gasification kinetics is proposed to simulate downdraft biomass gasification. The kinetic model is validated by direct comparison to experimental results of two downdraft gasifiers available in the literature and is found to be more accurate than the widely used Gibbs energy‐minimizing model (GEM model). The kinetic model is then applied to investigate the effects of equivalence ratio (ER), gasification temperature, biomass moisture content, and biomass composition on syngas and tar production. Accurate water‐gas shift and CO shift reaction kinetics are found critical to achieve good agreement with experimental results.
BODIPY Dyes Bearing Multibranched Fluorinated Chains: Synthesis, Structural, and Spectroscopic Studies
Authors: Martinez Espinoza Maria I. , Sori Lorenzo , Pizzi Andrea , Terraneo Giancarlo , Moggio Ivana , Arias Eduardo , Pozzi Gianluca , Orlandi Simonetta , Dichiarante Valentina , Metrangolo Pierangelo , Cavazzini Marco , Baldelli Bombelli Francesca 
Published: June 2019

AbstractA small series of boron‐dipyrromethene (BODIPY) dyes, characterized by the presence of multibranched fluorinated residues, were designed and synthesized. The dyes differ in both the position (para‐perfluoroalkoxy‐substituted phenyl ring or boron functionalization) and number of magnetically equivalent fluorine atoms (27 or 54 fluorine atoms per molecule). Photophysical and crystallographic characterization of the synthesized BODIPYs was carried out to evaluate the effect of the presence of highly fluorinated moieties on the optical and morphological properties of such compounds.
Sulfones as Chemical Chameleons: Versatile Synthetic Equivalents of Small‐Molecule Synthons
Authors: Trost Barry M. , Kalnmals Christopher A. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractSulfones are flexible functional groups that can act as nucleophiles, electrophiles, or even radicals. Changing the reaction conditions can completely alter the reactivity of a sulfonyl group, and as a result, molecules bearing multiple sulfones are versatile building blocks. This Review highlights the unique ability of 1,1‐ and 1,2‐bis(sulfones) to masquerade as a vast array of reactive synthons including methane polyanions, vinyl cations, and all‐carbon dipoles that would be difficult or impossible to access directly.
Acene‐Modified Small‐Molecule Donors for Organic Photovoltaics
Authors: Sung Min Jae , Hong Jisu , Cha Hyojung , Jiang Yifei , Park Chan Eon , Durrant James R. , An Tae Kyu , Kwon Soon‐Ki , Kim Yun‐Hi 
Published: June 2019

AbstractA series of acene‐modified small molecules have been designed and synthesized, and their photovoltaic characteristics were studied by using the small molecules in organic photovoltaics (OPVs). Different cores were introduced to modulate the conjugation lengths of the small molecules and the bulk heterojunction (BHJ) morphologies. Three small‐molecule donors were prepared, namely Ph‐TTR, Na‐TTR, and An‐TTR, which have phenyl, naphthalene, and anthracene moieties, respectively, as conjugated cores. These donors were synthesized in a few steps and exhibited favorable BHJ morphologies, thereby giving promising power conversion efficiencies (PCEs). The donors showed excellent miscibility with the acceptor PC71BM, and the use of the additive 1,8‐diiodooctane (DIO) led to a remarkable increase in crystallinity, thereby increasing the PCEs of their OPVs. Of the three donors, Na‐TTR showed the most efficient charge carrier generation and favorable molecular packing structures; hence, of the three types of devices tested, the Na‐TTR:PC71BM devices exhibited the highest PCE, specifically 6.27 %, without pre‐ or post‐treatments. The promising PCEs achieved from these easily synthesized acene‐modified small molecules suggested that acene‐modified small molecules can be useful materials in OPVs.
Delaying Anticancer Drug Delivery by Self‐Assembly and Branching Effects of Minimalist Dendron–Drug Conjugates
Authors: Correard Florian , Roy Myriam , Terrasson Vincent , Braguer Diane , Estève Marie‐Anne , Gingras Marc 
Published: June 2019

AbstractInvited for the cover of this issue are the groups of Marc Gingras and Diane Braguer and their colleagues at Aix‐Marseille Université. The image depicts the anticancer activity (boxing glove) of PEG‐dendrons conjugated to paclitaxel (yellow) against cancer cells (red cells). Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/chem.201801092.
Funktionalisierung von Ultrafiltrationsmembranen zur Integration von spezifischen Adsorbereigenschaften
Authors: Koch Dereck , Ulbricht Mathias 
Published: June 2019

AbstractDas Anwendungspotenzial der Ultrafiltration (UF) zur Wasserreinigung kann durch die Einbindung eines Adsorberpolymers für die Komplexierung von Schwermetallen in die Porenstruktur einer UF‐Membran erweitert werden. Der Lösungsweg in dieser Arbeit basiert auf der Funktionalisierung eines Membran‐ und eines Adsorberpolymers mit komplementären Reaktivgruppen und der kovalenten Immobilisierung des Adsorberpolymers in der porösen Stützschicht der UF‐Membran durch Click‐Reaktion. Die Trennleistungen und Membrancharakteristika der hergestellten Membranen sind mit denen konventioneller UF‐Membranen vergleichbar.
Prediction of the colorimetric parameters and mass loss of heat‐treated bamboo: Comparison of multiple linear regression and artificial neural network method
Authors: Gürgen Ayşenur , Topaloğlu Elif , Ustaömer Derya , Yıldız Sibel , Ay Nurgül 
Published: June 2019

AbstractIn this study, the colorimetric parameters (L*, a*, b*) and mass loss of heat‐treated bamboo were investigated, and the obtained results were modeled by using two methods: multiple linear regression (MLR) and artificial neural network (ANN). First, bamboo samples were exposed to heat treatment at different temperatures (110°C, 140°C, 170°C, and 200°C) and durations (15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90, and 115 minutes) in a laboratory oven. Then, the colorimetric parameters (L*, a*, b*) and mass loss of each sample were measured after each period of heat treatment. All data were modeled by using two methods separately for each parameter and the performances of these proposed methods were compared. It was found that color change and mass loss increased with increasing temperature and duration of heat treatment. Mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) values of all obtained MLR ranged from 0.64% to 10.63%, while the all MAPE values of ANN were found to be lower than 1.5%. Based on these results, it can be said that MLR and ANN could be used to evaluate the changes on the selected properties of heat‐treated bamboo samples. On the other hand, it should be emphasized that the ANN gave more accurate results than the MLR method because of its learning capability.
Thiazolocatechol: Electron‐Withdrawing Catechol Anchoring Group for Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells
Authors: Higashino Tomohiro , Iiyama Hitomi , Kurumisawa Yuma , Imahori Hiroshi 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAnchoring groups adopting a five‐membered bidentate chelating are attractive to realize high power conversion efficiency (η) and long‐term durability in dye‐sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). In this regard, we chose catechol as an anchoring group that can adopt the chelating. However, the DSSCs with catechol‐based sensitizers have never exceeded an η‐value of 2 %. These poor photovoltaic performances may be associated with the electron‐donating ability of the hydroxy groups in catechol. Considering these, we envisioned that fusing an electron‐withdrawing thiazole moiety with a catechol anchoring group would improve its photovoltaic performance. Herein, we report a push‐pull porphyrin sensitizer ZnPTC with a thiazolocatechol anchoring group. The DSSC with ZnPTC exhibited η=4.87 %. This value is the highest ever reported for catechol‐anchor based DSSCs. Meanwhile, the long‐term cell durability was not improved, although the robust anchoring properties were attained under harsh conditions.
Efficient Non‐Fullerene Organic Solar Cells Based on a Wide‐Bandgap Polymer Donor Containing an Alkylthiophenyl‐Substituted Benzodithiophene Moiety
Authors: Xie Ruihao , Ying Lei , An Kang , Zhong Wenkai , Yin Qingwu , Liao Shengzu , Huang Fei , Cao Yong 
Published: June 2019

AbstractTwo wide‐bandgap polymer donors containing an alkylthiophenyl substituted benzo[1,2‐b : 4,5‐b′]dithiophene moiety, namely PTZPO and PTZPS, were designed and synthesized. Both polymers exhibit relatively wide optical bandgap of 1.95 V with similar absorption profiles. The polymer PTZPS with alkylthiophenyl substituted benzo[1,2‐b : 4,5‐b′]dithiophene units showed enhanced light‐harvesting capabilities, leading to improved short‐circuit current densities. The PTZPS : ITIC film shows more appreciable film morphology and phase separation than the film composed of a blend of ITIC with alkoxyl substitutions containing copolymer PTZPO, which facilitates exciton dissociation and charge transport. The PTZPS : ITIC‐based non‐fullerene organic solar cells show clearly improved short‐circuit current density and an impressively high power conversion efficiency of more than 11 %. These observations demonstrate the great promise of using PTZPS as electron‐donating materials for high‐performance non‐fullerene organic solar cells.
Triclinic Pedial Sarcosinium Hydrogen l(+)‐Tartrate—Crystal Growth, Pyroelectricity, Thermal Expansion, and Linear Optical Properties
Authors: Bohatý Ladislav , Bayarjargal Lkhamsuren , Andersen Lionel , Held Peter , Becker Petra 
Published: June 2019

AbstractSingle crystals of optical quality and dimensions up to 25 × 25 × 40 mm3 of sarcosinium hydrogen l(+)‐tartrate and up to 15 × 20 × 30 mm3 of sarcosinium hydrogen d(−)‐tartrate are grown from aqueous solution during growth periods of 10–14 weeks. For sarcosinium hydrogen l(+)‐tartrate refractive indices and their dispersion in the wavelength range 365–1083 nm are determined. The biaxial positive crystals show marked optical anisotropy with maximum birefringence at 365 nm of Δn = 0.089 and only small orientation dispersion of the principal axes of the optical indicatrix. Based on the linear optical data, phase matching conditions for collinear second harmonic generation (SHG) are analyzed. The optical properties allow SHG phase matching for both, type I and type II processes. Temperature‐dependent coefficients of the tensor of thermal expansion [αij] between 145 and 300 K show pronounced anisotropy and moderate orientation dispersion of thermal expansion, with principal values at 293 K of = −3.3(1) × 10−6 K−1, = 35.7(1) × 10−6 K−1, and = 66.6(1) × 10−6 K−1. The absolute value of the pyroelectric vector |pσ| of sarcosinium hydrogen l(+)‐tartrate amounts to about 20 µC K−1 m−2 and varies only slightly with temperature in the temperature range 100–320 K.
How corporate social responsibility boosts firm financial performance: The mediating role of corporate image and customer satisfaction
Authors: Ali Hafiz Yasir , Danish Rizwan Qaiser , Asrar‐ul‐Haq Muhammad 
Published: June 2019

AbstractA great number of studies have been conducted to examine the direct impact of corporate social responsibility on firm's financial performance, but this direct relationship seems to be spurious and imprecise. Therefore, the main purpose of this study is to investigate the intervening role of corporate image and customer satisfaction on the relationship between corporate social responsibility and financial performance. Data is collected from 229 companies listed on Pakistan stock exchange using simple random sampling technique. Structural equation modelling has been used for the measurement model and for hypotheses testing. Results indicate that corporate image and customer satisfaction partially mediate the association between corporate social responsibility and financial performance. The study concludes that corporate social responsibility significantly affects the firm's financial performance by developing a positive image among the stakeholders and decreasing overall costs. This study will help management of organizations to realize the importance of corporate social responsibility.
Understanding sustainable innovation: A systematic literature review
Authors: Cillo Valentina , Petruzzelli Antonio Messeni , Ardito Lorenzo , Del Giudice Manlio 
Published: June 2019

AbstractIn order to adhere to the concept of sustainable development, firms are increasingly expected to develop innovations that reconcile economic, environmental, and social goals (i.e., sustainable innovations). However, achieving this goal is not straightforward, and although several studies have attempted to improve our understanding of sustainable innovation, a systematization of extant findings is lacking. Therefore, this paper conducts a literature review with the objective of organizing previous research regarding sustainable innovation. A systematic approach is adopted, identifying 69 relevant articles. These articles are organized according to three key perspectives: internal managerial, external relational, and performance evaluation. The results demonstrate that the first perspective, incorporating diverse managerial aspects, is the most considered, whereas the second and third perspectives remain underdeveloped. The paper concludes with suggestions for future research.
Comparison of sex determination mechanism of germ cells between birds and fish: Cloning and expression analyses of chicken forkhead box L3‐like gene
Authors: Ichikawa Kennosuke , Ezaki Ryo , Furusawa Shuichi , Horiuchi Hiroyuki 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackgroundBirds harbor specific sex determination and differentiation mechanisms. Although the molecular mechanisms associated with sex determination in somatic cells have been elucidated, those for germ cells remain unclear.ResultsHere, we characterized the chicken forkhead box L3 (foxl3)‐like gene as a sex‐determination factor in sexually indifferent medaka germline stem cells. The foxl3‐like gene was cloned by rapid amplification of cDNA ends, and the nucleotide sequence was analyzed. The deduced amino acid sequence was compared with FOXL3 sequences from other species, revealing low identity and similarity scores. Expression analysis of foxl3‐like mRNA during gonadogenesis showed female left‐gonad‐specific temporal expression in an egg incubated from 10 to 16 days, as well as low general expression in certain hatched female chicken organs. Moreover, the amino acid sequence deduced for the FOXL3‐like protein displayed low identity with medaka FOXL3, with the FOXL3‐like protein specifically localized in the oogonia, whereas medaka FOXL3 was found in sexually indifferent germline stem cells. Furthermore, the timing of expression differed between the foxl3‐like gene and that of medaka foxl3.ConclusionsThese results suggest that chicken FOXL3‐like protein and medaka FOXL3 differ in terms of their functions as female sex‐determination factors.
Modern pollen‐assemblage data from small lakes paired with local forest‐composition data in northeastern United States
Authors: Jackson Stephen T. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractUnderstanding and modeling of how forest composition and pattern are recorded by sedimentary pollen assemblages requires data sets in which modern pollen assemblages are paired with forest‐composition data across a range of spatial scales. Pollen data from 33 small lakes (<2.0 ha) in the northeastern United States, paired with estimates of forest composition and basal area by species within successive radial distances from the lake margins (0–20, 20–50, 50–100, 100–500, 500–1,000 m), can support further studies of pollen–vegetation relationships and development of calibration models. There are no copyright or proprietary restrictions for research or teaching purposes, other than citation of this source of the data.