bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Regulatory roles of miR-22/Redd1-mediated mitochondrial ROS and cellular autophagy in ionizing radiation-induced BMSC injury
Authors: Liu Zhonglong , Li Tao , Zhu Fengshuo , Deng Si’nan , Li Xiaoguang , He Yue 
Published: March 2019

AbstractIonizing radiation (IR) response has been extensively investigated in BMSCs with an increasing consensus that this type of cells showed relative radiosensitivity in vitro analysis. However, the underlying mechanism of IR-induced injury of BMSCs has not been elucidated. In current study, the regulatory role of miR-22/Redd1 pathway-mediated mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cellular autophagy in IR-induced apoptosis of BMSCs was determined. IR facilitated the generation and accumulation of mitochondrial ROS, which promoted IR-induced apoptosis in BMSCs; meanwhile, cellular autophagy activated by IR hold a prohibitive role on the apoptosis program. The expression of miR-22 significantly increased in BMSCs after IR exposure within 24 h. Overexpression of miR-22 evidently accelerated IR-induced accumulation of mitochondrial ROS, whereas attenuated IR stimulated cellular autophagy, thus advancing cellular apoptosis. Furthermore, we verified Redd1 as a novel target for miR-22 in rat genome. Redd1 overexpression attenuated the regulatory role of miR-22 on mitochondrial ROS generation and alleviated the inhibitive role of miR-22 on cell autophagy activated by IR, thus protecting BMSCs from miR-22-mediated cell injury induced by IR exposure. These results confirmed the role of miR-22/Redd1 pathway in the regulation of IR-induced mitochondrial ROS and cellular autophagy, and subsequent cellular apoptosis.
Chromium ion removal from raw water by magnetic iron composites and Shewanella oneidensis MR-1
Authors: Wu Huiqing , Wu Qingping , Zhang Jumei , Gu Qihui , Wei Linting , Guo Weipeng , He Minhong 
Published: March 2019

AbstractIn this study, nanoiron active carbon composites (NZVI/GAC) were used to remove chromium ions from raw water. The composites were synthesized from a novel formula of biological activated carbon and characterized by various techniques. The adsorption test data were fit by a pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Langmuir model. The qe and R2 values were 187 mg Cr/g and 0.9960, respectively, with 0.2 g/L NZVI/GAC at an initial concentration of 118 mg/L Cr according to the Langmuir isotherm model. Moreover, a Cr6+ detoxification reactor was constructed with the magnetic iron composite. The results indicated that the synthesized magnetic iron composite was a significant adsorbent for Cr6+ removal from aqueous solutions. The detoxification reactor was able to remove Cr6+ from raw water at an initial concentration of 26.5 mg/L within a short time period (3–5 min), with a removal efficiency of up to 99.90% and a treatment capacity of 45.0 mg Cr6+/g of adsorbent; the Cr6+ concentrations in the outflow met the GB5749–2006 requirements for drinking water. A synergistic effect between NZVI/GAC and a suspension of the bacterium Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 was found, showing that this bacterium can be used as a regeneration agent for iron-depleted activated carbon materials.
WS2 Nano-petals and Nano-bristles Supported on Carbon Nanotubes for Electron Emission Applications
Authors: Loh Tamie A. J. , Ooi Ying Jie , Chua Daniel H. C. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractAtomically thin WS2 nano-petals and nano-bristles were synthesized on vertically aligned carbon nanotubes (CNT) via magnetron sputtering at room temperature. The formation of the nano-petal morphology requires reaching a critical threshold in sputter deposition time, below which an amorphous film of WO3 is obtained instead. Increasing the deposition time past a second threshold results in a change to the nano-bristle morphology. Both WS2 nano-petals and nano-bristles were able to significantly enhance the electron emission of properties. The lowest turn-on voltage measured was to be 295 V and 355 V for the nano-petals and nano-bristles respectively, versus 425 V for pristine CNTs. The variation in the turn-on voltage is due to the electrical contacts at the interface between the different WS2 structures, which induces current saturation at high emission currents. These results demonstrate that 2D WS2 layers can be synthesized without the need for chemical routes and high growth temperatures if an appropriate template is employed.
Global computational mutagenesis of domain structures associated with inherited eye disease
Authors: Ortiz Francisca Wood , Sergeev Yuri V. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractMultidomain proteins account for 70% of the eukaryotic proteome. In genetic disease, multidomain proteins are often affected by numerous mutations, but the effects of these mutations on protein stability and their roles in genetic disease are not well understood. Here, we analyzed protein globular domains to understand how genetic mutations affect the stability of multidomain proteins in inherited disease. In total, 291 domain atomic structures from nine multidomain proteins were modeled by homology, equilibrated using molecular dynamics in water, and subjected to global computational mutagenesis. The domains were separated into 7 groups based on protein fold homology. Mutation propensities within each group of domains were then averaged to select residues critical for domain fold stability. The consensus derived from the sequence alignment shows that the critical residues determined by global mutagenesis are conserved within each group. From this analysis, we concluded that 80% of known disease-related genetic variants are associated with critical residues and are expected to have significant destabilizing effects on domain structure. Our work provides an in silico quantification of protein stability and could help to analyze the complex relationship among missense mutations, multidomain protein stability, and disease phenotypes in inherited eye disease.
PARP1 is a versatile factor in the regulation of mRNA stability and decay
Authors: Matveeva Elena A. , Mathbout Lein F. , Fondufe-Mittendorf Yvonne N. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractPARP1 is an abundant nuclear protein with many pleiotropic functions involved in epigenetic and transcriptional controls. Abundance of mRNA depends on the balance between synthesis and decay of a particular transcript. PARP1 binds RNA and its depletion results in increased expression of genes involved in nonsense-mediated decay, suggesting that PARP1 might be involved in mRNA stability. This is of interest considering RNA binding proteins play key roles in post-transcriptional processes in all eukaryotes. We tested the direct impact of PARP1 and PARylation on mRNA stability and decay. By measuring the half-lives of two PARP1-mRNA targets we found that the half-lives were significantly decreased in PARP1-depleted cells. PARP1 depletion impacted both the synthesis of nascent mRNA and the stability of mature mRNAs. PARylation impacted the production of nascent mRNA and the stability of mature mRNA, albeit to a lesser extent than PARP1 KD. PARylation enhanced the impact of PARP1 depletion. These studies provide the first direct comparative role of PARP1 and PARylation in RNA stability and decay, adding a new dimension as to how PARP1 regulates gene expression. These studies present a platform to begin to tease out the influence of PARP1 at each step of RNA biogenesis and decay to fine-tune gene expression.
Development and Application of InDel Markers for Capsicum spp. Based on Whole-Genome Re-Sequencing
Authors: Guo Guangjun , Zhang Genlian , Pan Baogui , Diao Weiping , Liu Jinbing , Ge Wei , Gao Changzhou , Zhang Yong , Jiang Cheng , Wang Shubin 
Published: March 2019

AbstractGenome-wide identification of Insertion/Deletion polymorphisms (InDels) inCapsicumspp. was performed through comparing whole-genome re-sequencing data from twoCapsicumaccessions,C. annuumcv. G29 andC. frutescens cv. PBC688, with the reference genome sequence ofC. annuumcv. CM334. In total, we identified 1,664,770 InDels between CM334 and PBC688, 533,523 between CM334 and G29, and 1,651,856 between PBC688 and G29. From these InDels, 1605 markers of 3–49 bp in length difference between PBC688 and G29 were selected for experimental validation: 1262 (78.6%) showed polymorphisms, 90 (5.6%) failed to amplify, and 298 (18.6%) were monomorphic. For further validation of these InDels, 288 markers were screened across five accessions representing five domesticated species. Of these assayed markers, 194 (67.4%) were polymorphic, 87 (30.2%) monomorphic and 7 (2.4%) failed. We developed three interspecific InDels, which associated with three genes and showed specific amplification in five domesticated species and clearly differentiated the interspecific hybrids. Thus, our novel PCR-based InDel markers provide high application value in germplasm classification, genetic research and marker-assisted breeding inCapsicumspecies.
Effect of FeCoNiCrCu0.5 High-entropy-alloy Substrate on Sn Grain Size in Sn-3.0Ag-0.5Cu Solder
Authors: Shen Yu-An , Lin Chun-Ming , Li Jiahui , He Siliang , Nishikawa Hiroshi 
Published: March 2019

AbstractHigh-entropy alloys (HEAs) are well known for their excellent high-temperature stability, mechanical properties, and promising resistance against oxidation and corrosion. However, their low-temperature applications are rarely studied, particularly in electronic packaging. In this study, the interfacial reaction between a Sn-3.0Ag-0.5Cu solder and FeCoNiCrCu0.5 HEA substrate was investigated. (Cu0.76, Ni0.24)6Sn5 intermetallic compound was formed the substrate at the interface between the solder and the FeCoNiCrCu0.5 HEA substrate. The average Sn grain size on the HEA substrate was 246 μm, which was considerably larger than that on a pure Cu substrate. The effect of the substrate on Sn grain size is due to the free energy required for the heterogeneous nucleation of Sn on the FeCoNiCrCu0.5 substrate.
Raman-assisted broadband mode-locked laser
Authors: Kimura Shota , Tani Shuntaro , Kobayashi Yohei 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe pulse duration that is available from femtosecond mode-locked lasers is limited by the emission bandwidth of the laser crystals used. Considerable efforts have been made to broaden the emission gain bandwidth in these lasers over the past five decades. To break through this limitation, intracavity spectral broadening is required. Here, we propose a new spectral broadening method inside the mode-locked cavity based on use of stimulated Raman scattering and demonstrate significant pulse shortening using this method. We configured Kerr-lens mode-locked lasers based on Yb:CaGdAlO4, Yb:KY(WO4)2 and Yb:Y2O3 materials and achieved significant spectral broadening that exceeds the emission bandwidth. The spectral broadening in the Yb:CaGdAlO4 oscillator shortens the pulse duration to 22 fs, which is a one-third of the duration of our unbroadened mode-locked pulse. The results presented here indicate that Raman-assisted spectral broadening can break the limitations of the emission gain bandwidth and shorten the duration of pulses from femtosecond mode-locked lasers.
Depression-like state behavioural outputs may confer beneficial outcomes in risky environments
Authors: Vindas Marco A. , Helland-Riise Siri H. , Nilsson Göran E. , Øverli Øyvind 
Published: March 2019

AbstractRecent theories in evolutionary medicine have suggested that behavioural outputs associated with depression-like states (DLS) could be an adaptation to unpredictable and precarious situations. In animal models, DLS are often linked to diverse and unpredictable stressors or adverse experiences. Theoretically, there are a range of potential fitness benefits associated with behavioural inhibition (typical to DLS), as opposed to more active/aggressive responses to adverse or uncontrollable events. This stance of evolutionary medicine has to our knowledge not been tested empirically. Here we address a possible key benefit of behavioural inhibition in a comparative model for social stress (territorial rainbow trout). By treating fish with the fast-acting antidepressant ketamine, we reversed the behavioural inhibition (i.e. stimulated an increase in activity level) in subordinate fish. During confrontation with a previously unfamiliar larger, aggressive and dominant individual, this increase in activity led to higher amounts of received aggression compared to sham-treated subordinates. This suggests that the behavioural inhibition characterizing animal models of DLS is indeed an effective coping strategy that reduces the risk of injuries in vulnerable social situations.
Comparison of ROTEM parameters from venous and intraosseous blood
Authors: Wiegele Marion , Hamp Thomas , Gratz Johannes , Pablik Eleonore , Schaden Eva 
Published: March 2019

AbstractRotational thromboelastometry is recommended to guide haemostatic therapy in trauma-related coagulopathy. In the case of unsuccessful venepuncture, intraosseous access allows immediate administration of drugs and volume replacement. Feasibility of rotational thromboelastometry from intraosseous blood has not yet been investigated in humans. We performed rotational thromboelastometry and standard coagulation assays from intraosseous and intravenous blood samples in 19 volunteers and 4 patients undergoing general anaesthesia. Intraosseous access was performed either at the tibial bone or the proximal humerus. We observed visible clotting in the majority of the intraosseous samples. Only 13% of the probes allowed realization of rotational thromboelastometry. ROTEM parameters are reported as follows: shorter median clotting time (CT) in EXTEM, INTEM, and APTEM (53 vs. 68 s; 140 vs. 154 s; 54 vs. 62.5 s) and smaller median maximal clot firmness (MCF) in EXTEM and APTEM (56 vs. 63 mm; 55 vs. 62 mm) in intraosseous samples. We found no relevant differences in median MCF values in FIBTEM and INTEM (12 vs. 13 mm; 60 vs. 59 mm). Given the difficulties we faced during IO blood sampling in a study setting, we advise against ROTEM measurements out of IO blood for guidance of procoagulant therapy in emergency situations.
Alignment-free method for DNA sequence clustering using Fuzzy integral similarity
Authors: Saw Ajay Kumar , Raj Garima , Das Manashi , Talukdar Narayan Chandra , Tripathy Binod Chandra , Nandi Soumyadeep 
Published: March 2019

AbstractA larger amount of sequence data in private and public databases produced by next-generation sequencing put new challenges due to limitation associated with the alignment-based method for sequence comparison. So, there is a high need for faster sequence analysis algorithms. In this study, we developed an alignment-free algorithm for faster sequence analysis. The novelty of our approach is the inclusion of fuzzy integral with Markov chain for sequence analysis in the alignment-free model. The method estimate the parameters of a Markov chain by considering the frequencies of occurrence of all possible nucleotide pairs from each DNA sequence. These estimated Markov chain parameters were used to calculate similarity among all pairwise combinations of DNA sequences based on a fuzzy integral algorithm. This matrix is used as an input for the neighbor program in the PHYLIP package for phylogenetic tree construction. Our method was tested on eight benchmark datasets and on in-house generated datasets (18 s rDNA sequences from 11 arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and 16 s rDNA sequences of 40 bacterial isolates from plant interior). The results indicate that the fuzzy integral algorithm is an efficient and feasible alignment-free method for sequence analysis on the genomic scale.
New insights into niclosamide action: autophagy activation in colorectal cancer
Authors: Newton Phillip T. 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Colorectal cancer is one of the most common forms of cancer in the world, with more than half a million new cases annually. Amongst the most promising new therapies, niclosamide—an FDA-approved drug for treating tapeworm infections—is being assessed in a stage II clinical trial for the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer. Despite this advanced stage of research, the underlying mechanisms behind its actions remain uncertain. Niclosamide reduces the growth of colorectal cancer cells by targeting several intracellular signalling pathways, including the β-catenin-dependent WNT signalling pathway. In a recent paper published in the Biochemical Journal [Biochem. J. (2019) 476, 535–546], Wang and colleagues revealed that niclosamide down-regulates β-catenin-dependent WNT signalling in colorectal cancer cells by degrading components of the pathway via autophagy. Autophagy is a catabolic process in which cellular macromolecules and organelles are recycled to their monomer units. This finding provides a further understanding of the actions of niclosamide upon colorectal cancer cells and may yield improved future treatment models for colorectal cancer patients.
Synthesis of Pt–Sn nanoalloy catalysts with enhanced performance in the dehydrogenation of propane
Authors: Ma Zhanhua , Jiang Aijing , Li Shuai , Li Jun , Sun Lanyi , An Changhua 
Published: March 2019

Platinum–tin (Pt–Sn) nanoalloy catalyst supported on Al2O3 was prepared by carbonylation–impregnation method. The catalyst was characterised by means of nitrogen adsorption–desorption, X‐ray diffraction and transmission electron microscope, showing the existence of Pt and Sn as Pt3 Sn alloy. The analysis of particle size distribution revealed that Pt–Sn nanoparticles have high dispersion and narrow particle size distribution with an average diameter of 1.7 ± 0.4 nm. Its catalytic performance toward propane dehydrogenation was also investigated. The propane dehydrogenation reaction showed that the as‐prepared Pt–Sn/Al2O3 catalyst exhibited good dehydrogenation performance with the conversion of 27.1% and propylene selectivity of 93.3% after reacting 12 h owing to the close interaction between Pt and Sn components. Coke deposition of the used catalyst was characterised by thermogravimetric and differential thermal analysis method, revealing most of the carbon was on the surface of the support, which meant that more active sites to be accessible to maintain catalytic stability.
Evaluation of a Multiplex Fully Automated Treponemal and Nontreponemal (Rapid Plasma Reagin) Assay
Authors: Arbefeville Sophie , Lynch Maureen , Ferrieri Patricia 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACTObjectivesIn June 2017, Bio-Rad Laboratories received US Food and Drug Administration clearance for its BioPlex 2200 Syphilis Total & RPR (rapid plasma reagin) assay. It is the first fully automated treponemal/nontreponemal multiplex flow immunoassay, simultaneously detecting Treponema pallidum and reagin antibodies and an RPR titer. We compared the performance of the BioPlex Syphilis Total & RPR assay with the LIAISON Treponema Assay and the manual BD Macro-Vue RPR 18-mm Circle Test.MethodsIn total, 314 serum specimens were tested for treponemal immunoglobulin G/immunoglobulin M and RPR with the LIAISON Treponema Assay, the BioPlex 2200 Syphilis Total & RPR assay, and the manual BD Macro-Vue RPR card test. All discordant results were further tested with the T pallidum particle agglutination assay from Fujirebio Diagnostics.ResultsThe overall percent agreement for the BioPlex assay for treponemal antibodies with the LIAISON Treponema Assay was 96.1%. Sensitivity and specificity for the BioPlex RPR assay were 90.5% and 97.2%, respectively (the manual RPR assay was considered the gold standard).ConclusionsThe BioPlex 2200 Syphilis Total & RPR assay performance was comparable to the LIAISON Treponema Assay and the manual RPR test. Compared with the manual RPR, the automation of RPR testing offered labor savings, objective result reporting, and improved workflow.
Decoy Receptor 3 Expression Is Associated With Wild-Type EGFR Status, Poor Differentiation of Tumor, and Unfavorable Patient Outcome
Authors: Chang Wei-Chin , Yeh Yi-Chen , Ho Hsiang-Ling , Hsieh Shie-Liang , Chou Teh-Ying 
Published: March 2019

Abstract

Objectives
The role of decoy receptor 3 (DcR3) in lung cancer, particularly adenocarcinoma, has not been well studied. In this study, we aim to investigate the expression profile and the clinicopathologic implications of DcR3 expression in lung adenocarcinoma.

Methods
Immunohistochemistry was used to examine DcR3 expression in 461 lung adenocarcinomas. The differences in DcR3 expression among the various histopathologic patterns were analyzed. The relationship between DcR3 expression and clinicopathologic parameters, including epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation, was also investigated.

Results
DcR3 expression was more frequently expressed in solid, micropapillary, and acinar patterns (P < .0001) and in tumors with wild-type EGFR status (P = .018). In addition, DcR3 expression portends a less favorable disease-free survival in stage I patients (P = .012).

Conclusions
The expression of DcR3 might be involved in the differentiation and progression of lung adenocarcinoma. Therefore, DcR3 may be applied clinically for prediction of tumor progression in stage I lung adenocarcinoma.
How Different Personalities Benefit From Gamification
Authors: Ghaban Wad , Hendley Robert 
Published: March 2019

AbstractSeveral studies indicate the benefit of mapping gamification elements to personality. However, this mapping requires a strong understanding of the relationship between gamification elements and personality. The existing research that has tried to address this relationship is based on a self-report questionnaire that is obtained from only those learners who complete the entire study. Unfortunately, a bias may result from first forcing learners to complete an entire study and then ignoring learners who drop out in the middle of a study. To overcome this bias, we use a more objective approach to understand the relationship between personality and gamification. In our study, we use the dropout rate as a proxy for learner motivation. We hypothesize that learners who are more motivated by gamification elements will use the gamified website longer. Furthermore, because we use a different method than previous studies used, we analyse our data differently. Our solution is to use survival analysis to analyse our data, which confirms the benefit of using gamification to enhance learner motivation. Our results point to the relationship between the response of different personalities and gamification elements. In further studies, we recommend to use this same approach but with more gamification elements.RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTSGamification plays an important role in enhancing learners’ motivation and engagement. Different personalities respond differently to gamification elements. The dropout rate can be used to measure learners’ motivation. Enhancing the motivation of learners does not necessarily improve their learning.
Suitability of Wild Host Plants and Firewood as Hosts of Prostephanus truncatus (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae) in Mozambique
Authors: Muatinte Bernardo L , Van den Berg Johnnie 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Prostephanus truncatus (Horn) (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae) populations are maintained in wild host plants such as trees that act as pest reservoirs from where beetle infestation of maize granaries take place. In this study, we assessed the suitability of plant species sold and transported as firewood as well as other plant species in Mozambique as hosts for P. truncatus. Prostephanus truncatus was only recorded from three tree species, which are sold as firewood, i.e., Brachystegia spiciformis, Strychnos spinosa, and Colophospermum mopane. The pest survived and bred in 13 tree and 7 grass species. Dry wood of several tree species and the grasses Acroceras macrum and Hyparrhenia hirta were suitable hosts for pest development. Sale and transport of certain firewood species may be an important driver of the spread of this pest. The importance of dry maize stalks and several grass species in sustaining pest populations is described for the first time. Several grass species are used as thatch or fencing material and, together with maize crop residues close to small-scale granaries, may provide significant sources of beetle infestation.