bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Depression in children with thalassemia major: prevalence and contributing factors
Authors: Venty Venty , Rismarini Rismarini , Puspitasari Dian , Kesuma Yudianita , Indra Raden Muhammad 
Published: February 2019

Background Thalassemia major is a chronic disease requiring lifetime treatment. A recent study showed that 11-62% of thalassemia patients developed depression, which is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Understanding the extent of the problem related to depression and its contributing factors is important for early management.
Objective To determine the prevalence and contributing factors for depression in children with thalassemia major.
Methods This cross-sectional observational analytic study included thalassemia major patients aged 7 to <18 years in the Department of Child Health, Dr. Moh. Hoesin General Hospital (RSMH) in Palembang from June to July 2018 and had received blood transfusions at least 3 times. Subjects completed the Children’s Depression Inventory (CDI) questionnaire. Depression was defined as a total score > 13. Data were analyzed using SPSS for Windows ver. 22.0.
Results There were 64 patients included in this study, with mean age 12 (SD 3) years and 82.8% female. Most subjects came from families with low socio-economic status and low parental education. Deferiprone was the most commonly used type of iron-chelating agent. Depression was detected in 34.4% of respondents. Multivariate analysis revealed that factors affecting depression in children with thalassemia major were low maternal education (OR 4.014; 95%CI 1.066 to 15.112) and use of deferasirox (OR 4.129; 95%CI 1.168 to 14.601).
Conclusion Prevalence of depression in children with thalassemia major is 34.4%. Low maternal education and deferasirox use as an iron-chelating agent are associated with depression in children with thalassemia major.
Immunotherapy and probiotic treatment for allergic rhinitis in children
Authors: Sumadiono Sumadiono , Satria Cahya Dewi , Mardhiah Nurul , Susanti Grace Iva 
Published: February 2019

Background Allergic rhinitis is a global health problem that is increasing in prevalence. Many kinds of therapy have been tried, such as antihistamines, probiotics, and immunotherapy. Immunotherapy may restore the patient’s normal immunity against the specific allergen, while probiotics may modify the natural course of allergy.
Objective To evaluate probiotics and immunotherapy for improving clinical symptoms of allergic rhinitis.
Methods This randomized controlled trial (RCT) involved 64 patients, aged 3-18 years, and diagnosed with persistent allergic rhinitis in the Department of Child Health, Sardjito General Hospital from April 2016 until May 2017. Patients were randomly allocated into three therapy groups: group A (standard therapy/cetirizine only), group B (standard and probiotic therapy), and group C (standard therapy and immunotherapy). Clinical symptoms of allergic rhinitis including sneezing, rhinorrhea, and itchy nose, were evaluated for 7 weeks and classified as improved or not improved. The significance of the data was analyzed using proportion test.
Results Sixty-four patients completed 7 weeks of therapy, 15 subjects in group A, 26 in group B, and 23 in group C. Group C showed significantly more improvement of sneezing and rhinorrhea compared to both group A (Z=5.71; Z=7.57, respectively) and group B (Z=2.82; Z=6.90, respectively). However, itchy nose was not significantly improved in group C compared to group B (Z=0.50), but was significantly improved in group C compared to group A (Z=10.91). Group B had significant improvement of sneezing, rhinorrhea, and itchy nose compared to group A (Z=3.81, Z=2.86, and Z=10.91, respectively).
Conclusion The combined standard-immunotherapy group has significantly superior improvement compared to the combined standard-probiotic group and the standard therapy group, in terms of sneezing and rhinorrhea in children with persistent allergic rhinitis.
Generalized special functions in the description of fractional diffusive equations
Authors: Cesarano Clemente 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Starting from the heat equation, we discuss some fractional generalizations of various forms. We propose a method useful for analytic or numerical solutions. By using Hermite polynomials of higher and fractional order, we present some operational techniques to find general solutions of extended form to d'Alembert and Fourier equations. We also show that the solutions of the generalized equations discussed here can be expressed in terms of Hermite-based functions.
Performance Analysis of Relay Assisted Multihop Coherant OFDM System over Malaga Distribution with Pointing Errors
Authors: Balaji K. A. , Praveen Bagadi Kala 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
This paper presents a multi-hop coherent orthogonal frequency division multiplexing free space optical communication system (OFDM-FSO) model which includes a relay transmission mode of decode and forward (DF) over Malaga disrubution (M) and we analyse the results by deriving mathematical expressions for average bit error rate (BER) and outage probability. And the FSO link is characterized by path loss, pointing errors and atmospheric turbulence and also weather conditions like clear air, haze, light fog have been considered in the channel model. The BER and outage probability of the proposed system are examined including the effects of pointing errors and weather conditions. From this work, we can justify that with multi-hop configuration coverage area and signal power improves which bolsters the usage of relay in FSO communication for efficient and reliable system design.
The Impact of Ronald Coase’s “Nature of the Firm” on my Research Agenda on Overseas Chinese Merchants in Southeast Asia
Authors: Landa Janet Tai 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Ronald Coase (1937), in his article “Nature of the Firm,” argued that if the price mechanism is used, a factor of production (owner of the firm) would need to negotiate a series of contracts separately with each of the factors with whom he is co-operating; these contract negotiation costs could be reduced by organizing a firm because the owner-entrepreneur of the firm is able to direct resources within the firm, hence saving some transaction costs. Furthermore, Coase used a von Thünen concentric circles diagram to depict a single-product firm, as it expands, grows into a multi-product firm. My theory of the ethnically homogeneous [Chinese] middleman group/EHMG (Landa 1981), argued that the EHMG is an organization which reduces the transaction costs of contract enforcement. Using a von Thünen concentric circles diagram, I showed how a rational trader chooses his trading partners, moving from the innermost circle (most trusted partners) outwards to the ethnic boundary as he expands the size of this trading network. The aggregative result of all rational traders’ choice of trading partners is the spontaneous emergence of the EHMG. My 1981 papers together with subsequent published papers on the EHMG have been reprinted in my book, Economic Success of Chinese Merchants in Southeast Asia (Landa 2016); these papers created the “Economics of Identity,” a new subfield, while carrying on the Coasian transaction costs tradition.
Switching off PAE wet strength
Authors: Yang Dong , Sotra Alexander , Pelton Robert H. 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
The wet strength of cellulose-cellulose joints, reinforced with PAE-loaded microgels, was decreased by nearly a factor of two when the labile disulfide crosslinks on the supporting microgels were exposed to a reducing agent. The supporting microgels were temperature and pH sensitive poly(N-isopropylmethacrylamide-co-acrylic acid) microgels, prepared with a disulfide crosslinker. The level of PAE loading increased with the microgel carboxyl content. This work illustrates a new approach to increasing the recyclability and compostability of wet-strength papers made with PAE wet-strength resin.
Role of Human Ventromedial Prefrontal Cortex in Learning and Recall of Enhanced Extinction
Authors: Dunsmoor Joseph E. , Kroes Marijn C.W. , Li Jian , Daw Nathaniel D. , Simpson Helen B. , Phelps Elizabeth A. 
Published: February 2019

Standard fear extinction relies on the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) to form a new memory given the omission of threat. Using fMRI in humans, we investigated whether replacing threat with novel neutral outcomes (instead of just omitting threat) facilitates extinction by engaging the vmPFC more effectively than standard extinction. Computational modeling of associability (indexing surprise strength and dynamically modulating learning rates) characterized skin conductance responses and vmPFC activity during novelty-facilitated but not standard extinction. Subjects who showed faster within-session updating of associability during novelty-facilitated extinction also expressed better extinction retention the next day, as expressed through skin conductance responses. Finally, separable patterns of connectivity between the amygdala and ventral versus dorsal mPFC characterized retrieval of novelty-facilitated versus standard extinction memories, respectively. These results indicate that replacing threat with novel outcomes stimulates vmPFC involvement on extinction trials, leading to a more durable long-term extinction memory.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTPsychiatric disorders characterized be excessive fear are a major public health concern. Popular clinical treatments, such as exposure therapy, are informed by principles of Pavlovian extinction. Thus, there is motivation to optimize extinction strategies in the laboratory so as to ultimately develop more effective clinical treatments. Here, we used functional neuroimaging in humans and found that replacing (rather than just omitting) expected aversive events with novel and neutral outcomes engages the ventromedial prefrontal cortex during extinction learning. Enhanced extinction also diminished activity in threat-related networks (e.g., the insula, thalamus) during immediate extinction and a 24 h extinction retention test. This is new evidence for how behavioral protocols designed to enhance extinction affects neurocircuitry underlying the learning and retention of extinction memories.
Electrophysical characteristics of the near-surface layer of semiconductor ceramics for ZnO varistors
Authors: Lavrov R. I. , Kolbunov V. R. , Bashev V. F. 
Published: February 2019

Electrophysical properties of near-surface layer of ZnO varistor ceramics forming during high-temperature annealing in oxidizing gaseous atmosphere are studied. Microstructure of near-surface layer and its electrical properties have features which are determined by an increased concentration of oxygen at surface of pressed ceramic billets in comparison with bulk during annealing. From the data of electron raster microscopy of cross-chipping of varistors, it is defined that the average value of thickness of near-surface layer is 40 μm. It is found that the specific resistivity value of near-surface layer is 5.3·1012 Ω·cm. The electrical capacitance of near-surface layer is calculated from capacitance measurement data for varistors containing such layer under two electrodes and without layers. It is shown that the electrical capacitance of near-surface layer exceeds that of varistor by more than an order. Conclusion is made that the near-surface layer gives a weak contribution to dielectric properties of ZnO varistor ceramics. However contribution of this layer to electrical conductivity of ceramics in pre-breakdown region is significant.
Evaluation of the genetic diversity of <i> Huperzia serrate </i> by rapd markers
Authors: Huong Ho Thi , Linh Ngo Thi Thuy , Anh Le Thi Lan , Thuy Le Thi Bich 
Published: February 2019

Huperzia serrata, a valuable pharmaceutical plant distributed in Lao Cai (Northwest Vietnam) and Lam Dong (Central Highlands of Vietnam), is known as pharmaceutical materials for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease. As a result of over-exploitation and habitat fragmentation, H. serrata has become a threatened plant in Vietnam, China and other countries around the world. For the understanding of population dynamics, adaptation, evolution and conservation of plant species in general and H. serrata in particular, the evaluation of genetic diversity is very important. In this study, a total of sixteen RAPD primers were used for evaluation of the genetic diversity of eight H. serrata samples collected from different locations of Sa Pa and Da Lat. Overall, sixteen markers generated a total of 70 fragments in 8 collected samples of H. serrata. Of seventy generated fragments, 44 were found to be polymorphic. The number of fragments of each primer ranged from 1 to 8 with an average of 4,4 fragments per primer. The OPB20 primer revealed the highest polymorphism, while the OPB15, OPB17 and OPC12 primers gave the lowest. Polymorphism information content (PIC) values varied from 0.5266 to 0.8624 with an average of 0.7182, in which the highest value belonged to OPB11 primer while the OPC10 primer showed the lowest PIC value. The dendrogram created based on RAPD data sheet divided the investigated strain into two major groups corresponding to their habitat: Group I included three Da Lat samples (DL1, DL2, DL3) and Group II consisted of five samples from Sa Pa (SP1, Sp2, SP3, Sp4, and SP5). The results of our study could be useful for the conservation and development of H. serrata.
Identification of nutrient composition of some isolated microalgae from mangroves of Xuan Thuy national park
Authors: Tuan Le Xuan , Hang Tran Thi Minh 
Published: February 2019

Microalgae species, such as Amphiprora alata, Chaetoceros muelleri, Nannochloropsis oculata, Navicula tuscula and Chlorella vulgaris from mangrove area of Xuan Thuy National Park are usually used as food sources for fishes, shrimps and bivalves and very environment friendly. The samples of these microalgae were enriched, isolated and purified in F/2 medium with salinity of 20%. The purifed colonies were cultured in media with different salinity in 14 days to find out the most optimal medium for the best growth as well as the stage yielding maximum living mass. These microalgae were then cultured in their optimal media at salinity of 25% until they reached their maximum living mass stage. They were cultivated and analyzed of their fatty acid, protein carbonhydrate components and percentages. The research has identified 24 fatty acids in 5 phytoplankton species. Unsaturated fatty acids components of Chaetoceros muelleri, Nannochloropsis oculata are the highest (76,35% and 71,17%), and fatty acid components of are medium Chlorella vulgaris and Amphiprora alata (59,24% and 52,21%), meanwhile, Navicula tuscula has 29.56% of unsaturated fatty acids. Amphiprora alata and Chlorella vulgaris have protein content of 8.1g per 100g dry weight and 4.44g per 100g dry weight accordingly. Carbohydrate content of Nannochloropsis oculata and Navicula tuscula are 11.8g per 100g dry weight and 5.47g per 100g dry weight, respectively.
Günaşımı Olan, Nullipar Gebelerde Prostaglandin E2'nin Doğum İndüksiyonu Üzerine Etkisi
Authors: TÜRKLER Can 
Published: February 2019

ÖZET

Amaç:
Bu çalışmanın amacı, hastanemizde son iki yılda
prostaglandin E2 (dinoproston) ile doğum indüksiyonu uygulanan
günaşımı ve nullipar gebelik olgularının epidemiyolojik ve klinik olarak
değerlendirilmesidir.

Gereç
ve Yöntem: Çalışmamda gün aşımı
(gebelik haftası ≥ 41 hafta) nedeniyle
dinoproston ile doğum indüksiyonu almış 136 nullipar gebe değerlendirildi.

Bulgular:
Dinoproston uygulanan günaşımı ve nullipar gebelerde
sezaryenle doğum oranı % 31.6 olarak
bulundu. Dinoproston indüksiyonu sonrası vajinal doğum (NVD) yapanlarla
dinoproston sonrası sezaryen doğum (C/S) yapan hastalar kıyaslandı. Fetal
distres (% 48.8), ilerlemeyen eylem (% 32.5) ve sefalopelvik uyumsuzluk (% 18.6),
sezaryenle doğumlarda en sık görülen endikasyonlardı. Postpartum dönemde
yenidoğan yoğunbakım ihtiyacı oranları, normal doğum yapanlarda % 3.2,
sezaryenle doğum yapanlarda % 4.6 idi ve her iki grup için de benzerdi.

Sonuç:
Dinoproston, nullipar gebelerde servikal olgunluğu sağlamak ve
doğum indüksiyonu için kullanılan güvenilir ve etkili bir ajandır. Fetal
distres sebebiyle sezaryen oranlarını arttırmaktadır.
Competencias administrativas en la calidad del servicio en las instituciones educativas del nivel inicial
Authors: Núñez Lira Luis Alberto , Giordano Silva Marisol Verónica , Menacho Vargas Isabel , Uribe Hernández Yrene Cecilia , Rodríguez Fuentes Luis 
Published: February 2019

Se buscó determinar la influencia de las competencias administrativas desarrolladas en las directoras sobre la calidad del servicio educativo que ofrecen las instituciones educativas del nivel inicial en la Unidad de Gestión Local 07, Perú. Esta investigación se enmarca dentro del modelo positivista y de tipo básica-sustantiva, con nivel explicativo y de diseño transversal y no experimental. Fueron 155 docentes del nivel inicial que conformaron una muestra probabilística, aleatoria simple; se aplicaron dos escalas de opinión o percepción como instrumentos para la recolección de datos cuya validez y confiabilidad fueron establecidas previamente; los datos fueron procesados estadísticamente mediante el análisis de regresión. Se halló que el 71,3% de las profesoras de inicial percibían que en las directoras de las Instituciones Educativas de nivel Inicial del distrito habían desarrollado las competencias administrativas y que el 85% de las profesoras de inicial perciben que el servicio que brindan en su escuela es de alta calidad y para el 12,5% el servicio es de calidad, concluyéndose que la influencia de las capacidades administrativas de las directoras fue del 45,63% y sobre la percepción de alta calidad en el servicio que se brinda en las instituciones educativas del nivel inicial de la UGEL 07.
Synthetic analogs of vitamin D3 in therapy of psoriasis
Authors: Petrova Inna V. , Radzhabov Rasul M. , Abdulov Abdul R. , Manatov Magomed G. , Glushakov Ruslan I. , Proshin Sergey N. 
Published: February 2019

Psoriasis is one of the most common skin diseases and occurs in 1-2% of the population of developed countries. The problem of pathogenetic treatment of psoriasis remains relevant despite the annual appearance of new drugs. The anti-keratinizing effect is particularly important in the treatment of psoriasis. The effect is based on suppression of the proliferation of epidermal keratinocytes, normalization of the differentiation of the nonkeratinizing epithelium and the decrease in the adhesion of horny cells. The last decade is characterized by a deepening of ideas about the biological properties and mechanism of action of vitamin D3. However the vitamin D3 does itself not have therapeutic activity. In this connection the use of synthetic analogues of vitamin D3 which have therapeutic activity is particular of importance.
The aim. To evaluate the effectiveness of vitamin D3synthetic analogs for the treatment of psoriasis.
Methods. It was retrospective analysis of multicentric studies by a double-blind, randomized method of the effectiveness of vitamin D3 analogs for the treatment of psoriasis in Russia and foreign clinics. The PASI index in assessing the clinical manifestations of psoriasis.
Rеsults and discussion. The study of the clinical efficacy of oral forms of the vitamin indicates a positive therapeutic effect in 70-90% of patients but this requires an average of 2.8 months. Therefore for the treatment of psoriasis more widely used synthetic analogue of vitamin D3 – calcipotriol (MS-903), developed exclusively for topical application. Calcipotriol gives minimal side effects and has an intense antipsoriatic effect. The mechanism of action of calcipotriol is based on interaction with specific receptors on keratinocytes which causes inhibition of proliferation, accelerates the morphological differentiation of psoriatic cells, inhibits the activity of interleukin-1 and reduces interleukin-2 production, i.e. has an effect on the pathogenetic mechanisms of psoriasis.
Conclusion. Vitamin D3 analogues are effective antipsoriatic drugs that can be used both as monotherapy and in the complex treatment of patients with severe psoriasis.
Acute Toxicity Tests of Basil Leaves (Ocimumsanctum) Ethanolic Extract Determined By LD50 and Renal Histopathology
Authors: Abrori Cholis , Nurfadhila Khana , Sakinah Elly Nurus 
Published: February 2019

Basil leaves are widely used as herbal remedies and have proven many benefits because the content of phytonutrients includes antioxidants, but at certain doses a compound retains a probability of causing toxicity in the body. This study aims to determine the acute toxicity of ethanolic extract of basil leaves seen from the value of LD50 range and renal histopathology which is the vital organ of the target of toxicity in the body. The method of acute oral toxicity test was OECD 420 fix dose procedure method with a group of 5 Balb/c female mice given a multilevel dosage. The initial dose is 2000 mg/Kg.b.w selected on a sighting study as a dose that may cause mild toxicity symptoms but does not cause death. There are 2 groups consist of treatment with dose at LD50 value and control. The result of this research showed that LD50 value of ethanol extract of Ocimum sanctum > 2000 mg/Kg.b.w. The mean renal histopathologyc scores between the control and the treatment were significantly different by The Mann-Whitney test with significance value of p=0.018. Ocimum sanctum ethanolic extract is classified as non-toxic compounds but there was a change in renal histopathology of mice in the form of focal lesions after acute exposure at highest dose of OECD 420 method.
Keywords: acute toxicity test, renal histopathology, basil leaves