bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
From Research Evidence to “Evidence by Proxy”? Organizational Enactment of Evidence‐Based Health Care in Four High‐Income Countries
Authors: Kislov Roman , Wilson Paul , Cummings Greta , Ehrenberg Anna , Gifford Wendy , Kelly Janet , Kitson Alison , Pettersson Lena , Wallin Lars , Harvey Gill 
Published: May 2019

AbstractDrawing on multiple qualitative case studies of evidence‐based health care conducted in Sweden, Canada, Australia, and the United Kingdom, the authors systematically explore the composition, circulation, and role of codified knowledge deployed in the organizational enactment of evidence‐based practice. The article describes the “chain of codified knowledge,” which reflects the institutionalization of evidence‐based practice as organizational business as usual, and shows that it is dominated by performance standards, policies and procedures, and locally collected (improvement and audit) data. These interconnected forms of “evidence by proxy,” which are informed by research partly or indirectly, enable simplification, selective reinforcement, and contextualization of scientific knowledge. The analysis reveals the dual effects of this codification dynamic on evidence‐based practice and highlights the influence of macro‐level ideological, historical, and technological factors on the composition and circulation of codified knowledge in the organizational enactment of evidence‐based health care in different countries.
The Third Shift? Gender and Empowerment in a Women’s Ecotourism Cooperative
Authors: Morgan Mayra Sanchez , Winkler Richelle L. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractEcotourism is lauded as a path toward sustainable development and women’s empowerment in rural areas around the world, but little is known about how gendered expectations shape its processes and outcomes. This paper employs an in‐depth qualitative case study of a female‐only ecotourism cooperative in rural Mexico to investigate how local gender dynamics influence women’s opportunities to benefit from ecotourism development. Findings show that women’s family and work commitments prevent their ability to devote the resources and energy necessary to make the cooperative successful. In this context, women are first expected to be wives and mothers, and to fulfill the substantial daily expectations associated with those roles. In addition, most women work outside the home. This leaves little time or energy for a “third shift” as ecotourism entrepreneurs running their own cooperative. Women put their own interests and goals on the back burner, because of the demands of the first two shifts. If ecotourism is to empower women, localized gender structures must be understood and addressed. Overlooking these challenges can mean that ecotourism projects, even those specifically aimed at empowering women, may only further burden women and reinforce gender models that perpetuate inequality.
Perfusion of the skin’s microcirculation after cold‐water immersion (10°C) and partial‐body cryotherapy (−135°C)
Authors: Hohenauer Erich , Deliens Tom , Clarys Peter , Clijsen Ron 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBackgroundInvestigations of the perfusion of the skin's microcirculation with laser speckle contrast imaging (LSCI) after cold treatments are rare. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the effects between cold‐water immersion (CWI) conduction and partial‐body cryotherapy (PBC) convection on perfusion of the microcirculation and skin temperature on the thigh.Materials and MethodsTwenty healthy males were randomly allocated to CWI (10°C for 10 minutes) or PBC (−60°C for 30 seconds, −135°C for 2 minutes). Perfusion and skin temperature measurements were conducted on the anterior thigh region up to 60 minutes post‐treatment.ResultsCold‐water immersion decreased perfusion of the microcirculation significantly compared to baseline values between 10 minutes (P = 0.003) and 30 minutes (P = 0.01) post‐treatment. PBC increased perfusion of the microcirculation and decreased skin temperature only at the first measurement interval (0 minute, both P = 0.01) post‐treatment. Additionally, local skin temperature was significantly decreased compared to baseline values only after CWI up to 30 minutes (P = 0.04) post‐treatment.ConclusionCold‐water immersion reduced local skin microcirculation and skin temperature while PBC only slightly increased the perfusion of the microcirculation immediately after the treatment. For cooling purposes, the conduction method seems superior compared to the convection method, assessed with a LSCI device.
Structural basis for the modulation of plant cytosolic triosephosphate isomerase activity by mimicry of redox‐based modifications
Authors: Castro‐Torres Eduardo , Jiménez‐Sandoval Pedro , Romero‐Romero Sergio , Fuentes‐Pascacio Alma , López‐Castillo Laura M. , Díaz‐Quezada Corina , Fernández‐Velasco D. Alejandro , Torres‐Larios Alfredo , Brieba Luis G. 
Published: May 2019

SummaryReactive oxidative species (ROS) and S‐glutathionylation modulate the activity of plant cytosolic triosephosphate isomerases (cTPI). Arabidopsis thaliana cTPI (AtcTPI) is subject of redox regulation at two reactive cysteines that function as thiol switches. Here we investigate the role of these residues, AtcTPI‐Cys13 and At‐Cys218, by substituting them with aspartic acid that mimics the irreversible oxidation of cysteine to sulfinic acid and with amino acids that mimic thiol conjugation. Crystallographic studies show that mimicking AtcTPI‐Cys13 oxidation promotes the formation of inactive monomers by reposition residue Phe75 of the neighboring subunit, into a conformation that destabilizes the dimer interface. Mutations in residue AtcTPI‐Cys218 to Asp, Lys, or Tyr generate TPI variants with a decreased enzymatic activity by creating structural modifications in two loops (loop 7 and loop 6) whose integrity is necessary to assemble the active site. In contrast with mutations in residue AtcTPI‐Cys13, mutations in AtcTPI‐Cys218 do not alter the dimeric nature of AtcTPI. Therefore, modifications of residues AtcTPI‐Cys13 and AtcTPI‐Cys218 modulate AtcTPI activity by inducing the formation of inactive monomers and by altering the active site of the dimeric enzyme, respectively. The identity of residue AtcTPI‐Cys218 is conserved in the majority of plant cytosolic TPIs, this conservation and its solvent‐exposed localization make it the most probable target for TPI regulation upon oxidative damage by reactive oxygen species. Our data reveal the structural mechanisms by which S‐glutathionylation protects AtcTPI from irreversible chemical modifications and re‐routes carbon metabolism to the pentose phosphate pathway to decrease oxidative stress.
Pex20p functions as the receptor for non‐PTS1/non‐PTS2 acyl‐CoA oxidase import into peroxisomes of the yeast Yarrowia lipolytica
Authors: Chang Jinlan , Rachubinski Richard A. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractMost soluble proteins targeted to the peroxisomal matrix contain a C‐terminal peroxisome targeting signal type 1 (PTS1) or an N‐terminal PTS2 that is recognized by the receptors Pex5p and Pex7p, respectively. These receptors cycle between the cytosol and peroxisome and back again for multiple rounds of cargo delivery to the peroxisome. A small number of peroxisomal matrix proteins, including all six isozymes of peroxisomal fatty acyl‐CoA oxidase (Aox) of the yeast Yarrowia lipolytica, contain neither a PTS1 nor a PTS2. Pex20p has been shown to function as a co‐receptor for Pex7p in the import of PTS2 cargo into peroxisomes. Here we show that cells of Y. lipolytica deleted for the PEX20 gene fail to import not only the PTS2‐containing protein 3‐ketoacyl‐CoA thiolase (Pot1p) but also the non‐PTS1/non‐PTS2 Aox isozymes. Pex20p binds directly to Aox isozymes Aox3p and Aox5p, which requires the C‐terminal Wxxx(F/Y) motif of Pex20p. A W411G mutation in the C‐terminal Wxxx(F/Y) motif causes Aox isozymes to be mislocalized to the cytosol. Pex20p interacts physically with members of the peroxisomal import docking complex, Pex13p and Pex14p. Our results are consistent with a role for Pex20p as the receptor for import of the non‐PTS1/non‐PTS2 Aox isozymes into peroxisomes.
Proteasome 19S RP and translation preinitiation complexes are secreted within exosomes upon serum starvation
Authors: Bec Nicole , Bonhoure Anne , Henry Laurent , Berry Laurence , Larroque Christian , Coux Olivier , Stoebner Pierre‐Emmanuel , Vidal Michel 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe aim of our study was to investigate the impact of macroautophagy on exosome secretion. Exosomes are small membrane vesicles released in the extracellular space upon fusion of multivesicular endosomes with the plasma membrane. They were initially discovered as a way to remodel the reticulocyte plasma membrane before entering the blood circulation (Current Opinion in Hematology 2010, 17:177‐183) and are now essentially studied as mediators of intercellular communication. Using iTRAQ proteomics, we compared the protein composition of purified exosomes secreted by cells impaired or not for macroautophagy by Atg5 depletion, during serum starvation conditions or complete medium culture. We show that the absence of serum modifies exosomal content, especially inducing secretion of two cytoplasmic protein complexes, namely proteasomal 19S regulatory particle (RP) and components of noncanonical translation preinitiation complex (PIC). This process is enhanced when autophagy is impaired by Atg5 depletion. Moreover, we show that the proteasome 20S core particle (CP) is released in the extracellular space. However, in striking contrast to what seen for its 19S RP regulator, release is independent of the exosomal vesicles, Atg5 expression and cell culture conditions. Exosome secretion can thus be considered as a cell process that participates in and reflects cell homeostasis, and care must be taken when studying potential extracellular function of exosomes due to the possible copurification of proteasome 20S CP.
Circulatory levels of B‐cell activating factor of the TNF family in patients with diabetic foot ulcer: Association with disease progression
Authors: Dhamodharan Umapathy , Teena Rajan , Vimal Kumar Ramachandran , Changam Sheela Sasikumar , Ramkumar Kunka Mohanram , Rajesh Kesavan 
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACTEnhanced and prolonged expression of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF‐α), a potent pro‐inflammatory cytokine is evidenced during the chronic wound healing process of infected diabetic foot ulcer (IDFU). B‐cell activating factor (BAFF) is the member of TNF‐α family, which implicit in B‐cell dysfunction. This study was aimed to evaluate the role of BAFF in diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) patients and to correlate its association with other family of inflammatory cytokines. Circulating levels of BAFF and other cytokines were measured in IDFU (n = 44) and non‐IDFU patients (n = 40) using multiplexed bead‐based cytokine immunoassay. A stepwise significant increase was observed in both circulatory BAFF and C‐reactive protein (CRP) during the disease progression. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUCROC) for BAFF was found to be high (0.89; [95% CI: 0.73–1.0]), when compared to CRP (0.68; [95% CI: 0.61–0.76]). Optimum diagnostic cutoff level for BAFF was found to be ≥2.35 pg/mL with 62.0% sensitivity and 85.7% specificity. Further, BAFF levels showed a significant positive correlation with CRP among IDFU patients. With respect to other family cytokines, BAFF levels were positively correlated with TNF‐α, interferon family cytokines such as IFN‐α2, IL‐28A/IFN‐λ2, IFN‐γ, and IL‐10 family cytokines such as IL‐19, IL‐22, and IL‐26 and negatively correlated with IL‐6 receptor family such as gp130/sIL‐6Rβ. Hence, our data suggest that devising therapeutic strategies to reduce the levels of BAFF may contribute in amelioration of IDFU.
Chapter 7 Patuki and Croisilles melanges in South Island, New Zealand: genesis related to Permian subduction–accretion processes
Authors: Robertson Alastair H. F. 
Published: May 2019

Abstract

The late Early Permian (
c.
278–270 Ma) supra-subduction zone (SSZ) Dun Mountain ophiolite is bordered to the east by the Pataki Melange and to the NE by the Croisilles Melange. In the south, the ophiolite passes into a dismembered incipient oceanic arc (Otama Complex). The above units represent an oceanic forearc generated above a west-dipping subduction zone. Terrigenous sediment reached the subduction trench after the Mid-Permian(?) docking of the oceanic forearc with the long-lived SE Gondwana active continental margin. Mixed terrigenous–volcaniclastic turbidites accumulated in the trench prior to and during melange accretion. Fragments of the overriding oceanic forearc (and incipient arc, locally) detached and mixed to form melange and broken formation. Despite some individual features (e.g. of the basalt chemistry), the Patuki and Croisilles melanges are interpreted as originally representing a single Permian trench–accretionary complex. The more distal (easterly) part was sliced into the adjacent accretionary complex of the Caples Terrane to form the Croisilles Melange (and equivalent Greenstone Melange) probably after the Triassic. The South Island melanges exemplify accretionary processes in which igneous and sedimentary rocks were detached from the overriding plate by subduction–erosion, together with accretion, including seamount material from the subducting oceanic plate, with implications for melanges elsewhere.
Chapter 2 The path to understanding the central terranes of Zealandia
Authors: Johnston Mike R. 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
This chapter traces the history of understanding the central terranes of New Zealand: Drumduan, Brook Street, Murihiku, Dun Mountain–Maitai and Caples. The terranes, mostly exposed in the South Island, are named from stratigraphic units of Late Paleozoic–Late Mesozoic age, including the Murihiku Supergroup, Brook Street Volcanics and Maitai groups, and the Dun Mountain ophiolite. European geologists in the mid-nineteenth century determined the stratigraphy of these rocks in the extremities of the island but in the succeeding half-century much effort was devoted to understanding widespread poorly fossiliferous ‘greywackes’: the ‘Maitai Controversy’. This was resolved in 1917 by palaeontology and the recognition of major faulting. In the 1940s the Alpine Fault, with an apparent 460 km dextral offset of the rocks at either end of the island, was recognized. In the following two decades, New Zealand was interpreted in terms of the geosynclinal hypothesis and then paired metamorphic belts. With plate tectonics, the basement rocks were assigned to terranes with the implication of being conveyed over considerable distances. The identification of source areas, coupled with the definition of the Cordilleran Median Batholith, has progressed the understanding of the present arrangement of the central terranes in the New Zealand part of Zealandia.
Chapter 5 Correlations between a heterogeneous mantle and multiple stages of crustal growth: a review of the Dun Mountain ophiolite, New Zealand
Authors: Jugum D. , Stewart E. , Palin J. M. , Mortimer N. , Norris R. J. , Lamb W. M. 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
The mantle and crustal sections of the Permian Dun Mountain ophiolite (DMO) in New Zealand's South Island have similar and potentially related tectonic histories. The mantle section records a four-part sequence of mid-ocean ridge basalt, and boninite melt extraction, followed by refertilization from supra-subduction melts and, finally, the intrusion of mafic–felsic island-arc tholeiite dykes. The crustal sequence represents a progression from mid-ocean ridge basalts to transitional island-arc tholeiites and, finally, mafic–felsic, possibly calc-alkaline, lavas; overlain by the 6 km-thick sedimentary Maitai Group. Plagiogranite zircon geochronology shows that the crustal ocean-ridge volcanism had commenced by 277.6 ± 3.3 Ma, and the youngest granites and granodiorites crystallized by 269.3 ± 4.5 Ma. All lithologies of the DMO are inferred to have formed in a broad forearc setting, representing a sequence from subduction initiation to magmatic arc formation. Sedimentary blocks within the structurally underlying ophiolitic Patuki Melange are similar to the Maitai Group, supporting a formational relationship with the DMO.
Chapter 6 Coupled deformation and melt-migration events recording subduction initiation, Dun Mountain ophiolite, New Zealand
Authors: Stewart E. , Newman J. , Tikoff B. , Donnelly S. , German L. , Chatzaras V. , Lamb W. M. , Miller B. , Kruckenberg S. C. 
Published: May 2019

Abstract

The Dun Mountain ophiolite, South Island, New Zealand, records complex overprinting of mantle fabrics. Using structural observations, microstructural analysis, geothermometry, geobarometry, geochronology and rheological constraints from the Red Hills and Dun Mountain massifs, we propose that three deformation events occurred during the early stages of subduction initiation along the Permian margin of Gondwana. During the first deformation event, the lineated Two Tarns Harzburgite from the Red Hills formed in a transtensional setting associated with subduction initiation. Deformation was pervasive, homogeneous and simultaneous with boninitic melt migration through the unit; it also occurred at very fast strain rates (10
−9
–10
−8
s
−1
). During the second deformation event, progressive exhumation to
c.
5 kbar and cooling to 1000°C led to the localization of melt and deformation into distinct zones (Dun Mountain, and the Plateau Complex, Plagioclase Zone and Ellis Stream Complex of the Red Hills). The third deformation event resulted in continued cooling and exhumation along serpentinized faults. This history provides a rare glimpse of the coupled fabric development and melt migration that sequentially develop in the early mantle wedge during the initiation of a subduction zone.
Altered gastric tone and motility response to brain-stem dopamine in a rat model of parkinsonism
Authors: Bove Cecilia , Anselmi Laura , Travagli R. Alberto 
Published: May 2019

The majority of patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) experience gastrointestinal dysfunction. Recently, we described a nigro-vagal pathway that uses dopaminergic (DA) inputs to the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus (DMV) and A2 area neurons to modulate gastric motility and tone. This pathway is disrupted in a rodent model of PD. The aim of the present study was to test the hypothesis that brain-stem DA modulation of gastric tone and motility is altered in a rodent model of PD. Male Sprague-Dawley rats received three weekly intraperitoneal injections of paraquat (10 mg/kg) or saline (control). In naive conditions, microinjection of DA into the DMV induced a gastroinhibitory response in 100% of animals. In 19 of 28 PQ-treated animals, however, microinjection of DA into the DVC induced a biphasic response, with an initial increase in gastric tone and motility followed by a profound gastroinhibition. The excitatory response to DA microinjection was attenuated by a combination of DA type 1 (DA1)- and DA2-like receptor antagonists. Conversely, the inhibitory response was reduced by the DA2-like receptor antagonist only. Pretreatment with the α2-adrenoceptor antagonist yohimbine did not modulate the response to DA, thus excluding involvement of the A2 area. At the end of the experiments, induction of the Parkinson phenotype was confirmed by the presence of α-synuclein immunoreactivity in the DMV and substantia nigra pars compacta. These data suggest a maladaptive neural plasticity in brain-stem vagal circuits regulating gastric motility in PQ-treated rats that may be responsible for the gastric dysfunction observed in PD models. NEW & NOTEWORTHY After paraquat treatment and induction of Parkinson’s disease, brain-stem dopamine (DA) application induces a biphasic gastric response in the majority of rats, with an initial increase in tone and motility followed by gastroinhibition. The initial increase in gastric tone and motility is mediated via a combined activation of DA type 1 (DA1)- and DA2-like receptors. The inhibitory effects of DA are mediated by DA2-like receptors and are not affected by blockade of adrenergic inputs mediated by α2-adrenoceptors.
Perinatal high-fat diet alters development of GABAA receptor subunits in dorsal motor nucleus of vagus
Authors: Clyburn Courtney , Howe Caitlin A. , Arnold Amy C. , Lang Charles H. , Travagli R. Alberto , Browning Kirsteen N. 
Published: May 2019

Perinatal high-fat diet (pHFD) exposure increases the inhibition of dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus (DMV) neurons, potentially contributing to the dysregulation of gastric functions. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that pHFD increases the inhibition of DMV neurons by disrupting GABAA receptor subunit development. In vivo gastric recordings were made from adult anesthetized Sprague-Dawley rats fed a control or pHFD (14 or 60% kcal from fat, respectively) from embryonic day 13 (E13) to postnatal day 42 (P42), and response to brainstem microinjection of benzodiazepines was assessed. Whole cell patch clamp recordings from DMV neurons assessed the functional expression of GABAA α subunits, whereas mRNA and protein expression were measured via qPCR and Western blotting, respectively. pHFD decreased basal antrum and corpus motility, whereas brainstem microinjection of L838,417 (positive allosteric modulator of α2/3 subunit-containing GABAA receptors) produced a larger decrease in gastric tone and motility. GABAergic miniature inhibitory postsynaptic currents in pHFD DMV neurons were responsive to L838,417 throughout development, unlike control DMV neurons, which were responsive only at early postnatal timepoints. Brainstem mRNA and protein expression of the GABAA α1,2, and 3 subunits, however, did not differ between control and pHFD rats. This study suggests that pHFD exposure arrests the development of synaptic GABAA α2/3 receptor subunits on DMV neurons and that functional synaptic expression is maintained into adulthood, although cellular localization may differ. The tonic activation of slower GABAA α2/3 subunit-containing receptors implies that such developmental changes may contribute to the observed decreased gastric motility. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Vagal neurocircuits involved in the control of gastric functions, satiation, and food intake are subject to significant developmental regulation postnatally, with immature GABAA receptors expressing slower α2/3-subunits, whereas mature GABAA receptor express faster α1-subunits. After perinatal high-fat diet exposure, this developmental regulation of dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus (DMV) neurons is disrupted, increasing their tonic GABAergic inhibition, decreasing efferent output, and potentially decreasing gastric motility.