bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In‐syringe vortex‐assisted emulsification microextraction with solidified floating organic drop for the separation of aflatoxins from feed before their determination by HPLC
Authors: Asadi Mohammad 
Published: March 2018

AbstractA simple and rapid in‐syringe vortex‐assisted emulsification microextraction with solidified floating organic drop was developed for the extraction of aflatoxins (B1 and B2) from feed before their determined by high‐performance liquid chromatography. Several experimental factors affect the microextraction efficiency such as sample pH, vortex time, type of extraction solvent, and sample volume that have been evaluated and optimized. The calibration curves were linear in the range of 50.0–500.0 and 40.0–400.0 ng kg−1 for aflatoxin B1 and aflatoxin B2, respectively. The limits of detection were found to be 16.0 and 12.0 ng kg−1 for aflatoxin B1 and aflatoxin B2, respectively. The inter‐day and intra‐day precisions of the developed method were in the range of 5.3–9.3%. Finally, the developed microextraction method was successfully used in the extraction and quantification of aflatoxins in several feed samples.
Prior Treatment with Anti-High Mobility Group Box-1 Antibody Boosts Human Neural Stem Cell Transplantation-Mediated Functional Recovery After Spinal Cord Injury
Authors: Uezono Naohiro , Zhu Yicheng , Fujimoto Yusuke , Yasui Tetsuro , Matsuda Taito , Nakajo Masahide , Abematsu Masahiko , Setoguchi Takao , Mori Shuji , Takahashi Hideo K. , Komiya Setsuro , Nishibori Masahiro , Nakashima Kinichi 
Published: March 2018

AbstractTogether with residual host neurons, transplanted neural stem cell (NSC)-derived neurons play a critical role in reconstructing disrupted neural circuits after spinal cord injury (SCI). Since a large number of tracts are disrupted and the majority of host neurons die around the lesion site as the damage spreads, minimizing this spreading and preserving the lesion site are important for attaining further improvements in reconstruction. High mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) is a damage-associated molecular pattern protein that triggers sterile inflammation after tissue injury. In the ischemic and injured brain, neutralization of HMGB1 with a specific antibody reportedly stabilizes the blood-brain barrier, suppresses inflammatory cytokine expression, and improves functional recovery. Using a SCI model mouse, we here developed a combinatorial treatment for SCI: administering anti-HMGB1 antibody prior to transplantation of NSCs derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC-NSCs) yielded a dramatic improvement in locomotion recovery after SCI. Even anti-HMGB1 antibody treatment alone alleviated blood-spinal cord barrier disruption and edema formation, and increased the number of neurites from spared axons and the survival of host neurons, resulting in functional recovery. However, this recovery was greatly enhanced by the subsequent hiPSC-NSC transplantation, reaching an extent that has never before been reported. We also found that this improved recovery was directly associated with connections established between surviving host neurons and transplant-derived neurons. Taken together, our results highlight combinatorial treatment with anti-HMGB1 antibody and hiPSC-NSC transplantation as a promising novel therapy for SCI.
Interactions between Biological Cells and Layered Double Hydroxides: Towards Functional Materials
Authors: Forano Claude , Bruna Felipe , Mousty Christine , Prevot Vanessa 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThis review highlights the current research on the interactions between biological cells and Layered Double Hydroxides (LDH). The as‐prepared biohybrid materials appear extremely attractive in diverse fields of application relating to health care, environment and energy production. We describe how thanks to the main features of biological cells and LDH layers, various strategies of assemblies can be carried out for constructing smart biofunctional materials. The interactions between the two components are described with a peculiar attention to the adsorption, biocompatibilization, LDH layer internalization, antifouling and antimicrobial properties. The most significant achievements including authors′ results, involving biological cells and LDH assemblies in waste water treatment, bioremediation and bioenergy generation are specifically addressed.
Using a three‐dimensional thinking graph to support inquiry learning
Authors: Chen Juanjuan , Wang Minhong , Grotzer Tina A. , Dede Chris 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe use of external representations has a potential to facilitate inquiry learning, especially in hypothesis generation and scientific reasoning, which are typical difficulties encountered by students. This study proposes and investigates the effects of a three‐dimensional thinking graph (3DTG) that allows learners to combine in a single image, problem information, subject knowledge (key concepts and their relationships), and the hypothesizing and reasoning process involved in exploring a problem, to support inquiry learning. Two classes of eleventh grade students (97 in total) were randomly assigned to use either the 3DTG (i.e., experimental condition) or concept map (i.e., control condition) to complete a group‐based inquiry task in an online environment. Data were collected from multiple data sources, including measures of group inquiry task performance, postknowledge scores, postquestionnaires of student perceptions of consensus building, and open‐ended survey. The analysis of group task performance revealed that participants in the experimental condition performed better in the inquiry task than their counterparts specifically in generating hypotheses and reasoning with data, but not in drawing conclusions. The findings show the 3DTG's benefits in facilitating exploring and justifying hypotheses, and also suggest that the 3DTG can share equal value with concept mapping in terms of drawing conclusions and consensus building. In addition, students using the 3DTG achieved higher scores in the postknowledge test, although no difference was found in their perceptions of consensus building. These findings were validated by students' responses to the survey. Implications of this study and future work are also discussed.
Home blood‐pressure monitoring in a hypertensive pregnant population: cost‐minimization study
Authors: Xydopoulos G. , Perry H. , Sheehan E. , Thilaganathan B. , Fordham R. , Khalil A. 
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACTObjectiveTraditional blood‐pressure monitoring in hypertensive pregnant women requires frequent visits to the maternity outpatient services. Home blood‐pressure monitoring (HBPM) could offer a cost‐saving alternative that is acceptable to patients. The aim of this study was to undertake a health economic analysis of HBPM compared with traditional monitoring in hypertensive pregnant women.MethodsThis was a cost‐minimization study of hypertensive pregnant women who had HBPM with or without the adjunct of a smartphone application (App), via a specially designed pathway, and a control group managed according to the local protocol of regular hospital visits for blood‐pressure monitoring. Outcome measures were the number of outpatient visits, inpatient bed stays and investigations performed. Maternal, fetal and neonatal adverse outcomes were also recorded. Health economic analysis was performed using direct cost comparison of the study dataset and process scenario modeling.ResultsThe HBPM group included 108 women, of whom 29 recorded their results on the smartphone App and 79 in their notes. The control group comprised 58 patients. There were significantly more women with chronic hypertension in the HBPM group than in the control group (49.1% vs 25.9%, P = 0.004). The HBPM group had significantly longer duration of monitoring (9 weeks vs 5 weeks, P = 0.004) and started monitoring at an earlier gestational age (30.0 weeks vs 33.6 weeks, P = 0.001) compared with the control group. Despite these differences, the mean saving per week for each patient using HBPM compared with traditional monitoring was £200.69, while for each HBPM patient using the smartphone App, the weekly saving was £286.53 compared with the control group. The process modeling method predicted weekly savings of between £98.32 and £245.80 per patient using HBPM compared with traditional monitoring.ConclusionHBPM in hypertensive pregnancy appears to be cost saving compared with traditional monitoring, without compromising maternal, fetal or neonatal safety. Larger studies are required to confirm these findings. Copyright © 2018 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Evaluating autonomous acoustic surveying techniques for rails in tidal marshes
Authors: Stiffler Lydia L. , Anderson James T. , Katzner Todd E. 
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACTThere is a growing interest toward the use of autonomous recording units (ARUs) for acoustic surveying of secretive marsh bird populations. However, there is little information on how ARUs compare to human surveyors or how best to use ARU data that can be collected continuously throughout the day. We used ARUs to conduct 2 acoustic surveys for king (Rallus elegans) and clapper rails (R. crepitans) within a tidal marsh complex along the Pamunkey River, Virginia, USA, during May–July 2015. To determine the effectiveness of an ARU in replacing human personnel, we compared results of callback point‐count surveys with concurrent acoustic recordings and calculated estimates of detection probability for both rail species combined. The success of ARUs at detecting rails that human observers recorded decreased with distance (P ≤ 0.001), such that at <25 m, 90.3% of human‐recorded rails also were detected by the ARU, but at >75 m, only 34.0% of human‐detected rails were detected by the ARU. To determine a subsampling scheme for continuous ARU data that allows for effective surveying of presence and call rates of rails, we used ARUs to conduct 15 continuous 48‐hr passive surveys, generating 720 hr of recordings. We established 5 subsampling periods of 5, 10, 15, 30, and 45 min to evaluate ARU‐based presence and vocalization detections of rails compared with each of the full 60‐min sampling of ARU‐based detection of rails. All subsampling periods resulted in different (P ≤ 0.001) detection rates and unstandardized vocalization rates compared with the hourly sampling period. However, standardized vocalization counts from the 30‐min subsampling period were not different from vocalization counts of the full hourly sampling period. When surveying rail species in estuarine environments, species‐, habitat‐, and ARU‐specific limitations to ARU sampling should be considered when making inferences about abundances and distributions from ARU data. © 2018 The Wildlife Society.
Decrease of cocaine, but not heroin, self-administration and relapse by the tyrosine kinase inhibitor masitinib in male Sprague Dawley rats
Authors: Belin-Rauscent A. , Lacoste J. , Hermine O. , Moussy A. , Everitt B. J. , Belin David 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
Rationale
Accumulating evidence shows that cocaine, and also heroin, influence several tyrosine kinases, expressed in neurons and in non-neuronal populations such as microglia, astrocytes and mast-cells. Drug-induced activation of mast cells both triggers inflammatory processes in the brain mediated by the glial cells they activate, and facilitates histamine release which may directly influence the dopamine system. Thus, by triggering the activation and degranulation of mast cells dependent on the tyrosine kinase c-kit and Fyn, the latter being also involved in NMDA-dependent synaptic plasticity, cocaine and heroin may indirectly influence the neural mechanisms that mediate their reinforcing properties. Masitinib, a novel tyrosine kinase inhibitor with high selectivity for c-Kit, Fyn and Lyn, may alter the aberrant consequences of the activation of these tyrosine kinases by cocaine and heroin.

Objective
We investigated in rats the effect of a chronic oral treatment with masitinib (20 mg/kg) on the reinforcing and motivational properties of self-administered cocaine (250 μg/infusion) and heroin (40 μg/infusion).

Methods
Three different cohorts of rats were trained instrumentally to respond for cocaine, heroin or food under continuous reinforcement. In each group, we assessed the influence of chronic daily treatment with masitinib on the maintenance of instrumental responding and intake and the motivation for the reinforcer. Thus, masitinib and vehicle-treated rats were challenged to adapt to high behavioural demand, to respond under a progressive ratio schedule of reinforcement and to reinstate instrumental responding after extinction and/or abstinence.

Results
Masitinib selectively decreased cocaine intake, the motivation for cocaine and the subsequent propensity to respond for cocaine under extinction, while having no effect on instrumental responding for heroin or food.

Conclusion
The present findings suggest masitinib, a drug with proven efficacy in CNS disorders, could represent a novel treatment for cocaine addiction provided its influence on the reinforcing and incentive properties of the drug is confirmed.
Totally Laparoscopic Radical Resection of Gallbladder Cancer: Technical Aspects and Long‐Term Results
Authors: Castro César Muñoz , Santibañez Sergio Pacheco , Rivas Tomás Contreras , Cassis Nicolás Jarufe 
Published: March 2018

AbstractIntroductionGallbladder cancer (GBC) is a rare tumor in developed countries. Chile has one of the highest incidences worldwide. For patients affected by resectable T1b or more advanced GBC, radical cholecystectomy (RC) is considered the standard therapy. Our aim is to describe the surgical technique and clinical–pathological results of patients undergoing totally laparoscopic radical resection of GBC.MethodsPatients undergo laparoscopic radical resection for primary and incidental GBC, between the years 2009 and 2016 in two centers from Chile. Patients in whom suspected bile duct invasion, frozen biopsy did not confirm cancer and para‐aortic lymph node sampling was positive were excluded.ResultsEighteen patients were operated, 77.8% were female with median age of 60.5 year, and 16 patients had previous cholecystectomy with incidental cancer finding. The median operative time was 490 min (400–550). No conversion to open surgery occurred. All patients achieved a R0 resection. Postoperative complications occurred in 2 patients (11.1%), and there was not mortality. After a median follow‐up of 59 months, the 5‐year survival was 80.7%.ConclusionThis study shows the technical feasibility of the totally laparoscopic approach for radical resection of GBC with the same principles of classical open surgery. It appears that long‐term oncological findings would also be similar at least in less advanced lesions.
Geo‐ecological studies on two ultramafic sites in western Ireland
Authors: Brearley Francis Q. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractUltramafic soils are found in many sites around the world where they can vary from exceptionally barren to reasonably fertile. Two ultramafic sites in western Ireland were studied: grassland at Dawros, County Galway and grassy heath near the base of Croagh Patrick, County Mayo. Rock and soil chemistry was examined along with foliar nutrients (at Dawros only). Ellenberg reaction values of all plant species recorded were determined. Two bioassays were conducted to determine relative differences in fertility between ultramafic and adjacent non‐ultramafic soils and to assess nutrient limitation in the Croagh Patrick soil. Both soils showed many of the chemical characteristics typical of other ultramafic sites including a moderately high nickel concentration; in general, soil metal concentrations were higher in Dawros soils. However, nitrogen, phosphorus and calcium (with a calcium:magnesium ratio c. 0.6) were all at high concentrations at Dawros leading to a fertile grassland with both calcicole and calcifuge species present spanning six Ellenberg reaction values. Foliar nutrient concentrations were not unusual although calcium:magnesium ratios were approximately double in non‐ultramafic soils compared to ultramafic soils. Croagh Patrick soil had lower concentrations of most nutrients and presented a grassy heath vegetation with more acidic reaction values. The bioassays showed plant growth to be reduced in this soil relative to that at Dawros and to be clearly limited by phosphorus availability. Whilst these two Irish ultramafic sites do not show the extreme features associated with other sites across the world they indicate the global diversity of serpentine ecologies.
Performance of Quercus suber L. at nursery stage—application of two bio-inoculants under two distinct environments
Authors: Araújo Giovânia C. , Sousa Nadine R. , Ramos Miguel A. , Vega Alberto L. , Castro Paula M. L. 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
Key message
Despite the fact that the technique of application of bioinoculants improved the quality ofQuercus suberL. seedlings produced in nurseries, these benefits are dependent on the ecological conditions of the site and the composition of the applied inoculum, which interferes with the profile of the local fungal community.

Context
Quercus suber L. plays a key ecological and socio-economical role in the Iberian Peninsula. Symbiotic ectomycorrhizal fungi-ECM are crucial partners of several tree species, and assessing the efficacy of bioinoculants at nursery stage helps devising tools to increase plant resilience.

Aims
The aim of this study was to compare the effects of two inocula formulations of mixed ECM fungi and bacteria on the quality of seedlings produced in two forest nurseries, differing in environmental conditions and forest embedment.

Methods
Quercus suber L. seedlings were inoculated with a commercial product containing Pisolithus tinctorius (Pers) Coker & Couch, Scleroderma sp., and six bacterial species and with a non-commercial fungal and bacterial dual inoculum (Suillus granulatus (L.) Roussel + Mesorhizobium sp.). Biometric and nutritional parameters and morphological quality indexes were determined on seedlings. The ECM community was assessed by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis and cloning-sequencing.

Results
In both nurseries, the seedling quality index in inoculated was up to 2-fold higher than in non-inoculated seedlings. Plant biomass differed significantly among nurseries. The inoculum influenced the profile of the fungal community. S. granulatus and P. tinctorius persisted for 6 months in the inoculated seedlings.

Conclusion
The nursery ecosystem influenced plant growth. Inoculation treatments increased plant performance; however, the dual inoculum resulted in more consistent improvements of Q. suber at nursery stage, highlighting the importance of inocula selection.
The effects of the TOMM40 poly‐T alleles on Alzheimer's disease phenotypes
Authors: Chiba‐Falek Ornit , Gottschalk William K. , Lutz Michael W. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe TOMM40 poly‐T is a polymorphism in intron 6 of the TOMM40 gene, which is adjacent to and in linkage disequilibrium with APOE. Roses et al. identified the association between the length of TOMM40 poly‐T with the risk and age of onset of late‐onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD). Following the original discovery, additional studies found associations between the TOMM40 poly‐T and LOAD‐related phenotypes independent of APOE genotypes, while others did not replicate these associations. Furthermore, the identity of the TOMM40 poly‐T risk allele has been controversial between different LOAD‐related phenotypes. Here, we propose a framework to address the conflicting findings with respect to the TOMM40 poly‐T allele associations with LOAD phenotypes and their functional effects. The framework is used to interpret previous studies as means to gain insights regarding the nature of the risk allele, very long versus short. We suggest that the identity of the TOMM40 poly‐T risk allele depends on the phenotype being evaluated, the ages of the study subjects at the time of assessment, and the context of the APOE genotypes. In concluding remarks, we outline future studies that will inform the mechanistic interpretation of the genetic data.
The Alzheimer's Prevention Initiative Autosomal‐Dominant Alzheimer's Disease Trial: A study of crenezumab versus placebo in preclinical PSEN1 E280A mutation carriers to evaluate efficacy and safety in the treatment of autosomal‐dominant Alzheimer's disease, including a placebo‐treated noncarrier cohort
Authors: Tariot Pierre N. , Lopera Francisco , Langbaum Jessica B. , Thomas Ronald G. , Hendrix Suzanne , Schneider Lon S. , Rios‐Romenets Silvia , Giraldo Margarita , Acosta Natalia , Tobon Carlos , Ramos Claudia , Espinosa Alejandro , Cho William , Ward Michael , Clayton David , Friesenhahn Michael , Mackey Howard , Honigberg Lee , Sanabria Bohorquez Sandra , Chen Kewei , Walsh Trisha , Langlois Carolyn , Reiman Eric M. ,   Alzheimer's Prevention Initiative
Published: March 2018

AbstractIntroductionAutosomal‐dominant Alzheimer's disease (ADAD) represents a crucial population for identifying prevention strategies that might modify disease course for cognitively unimpaired individuals at high imminent risk for developing symptoms due to Alzheimer's disease (AD), that is, who have “preclinical” AD. Crenezumab is an antiamyloid monoclonal antibody that binds monomeric and aggregated forms of amyloid β, with highest affinity for oligomers; it is in development for early stages of sporadic AD and for ADAD.MethodsThis is a prospective, randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled phase 2 study of the efficacy of crenezumab versus placebo in asymptomatic PSEN1 E280A mutation carriers from family kindreds with ADAD in Colombia. Participants were randomized to receive either crenezumab or placebo for 260 weeks. The study was designed to enroll a planned total of 300 participants, including 200 preclinical mutation carriers (approximately 100 treatment, 100 placebo) and an additional control group of mutation noncarriers from the same family kindreds included to mask mutation carrier status (100 placebo only). The primary outcome is change in the Alzheimer's Prevention Initiative ADAD Composite Cognitive Test Score from baseline to week 260. Secondary outcomes include time to progression to mild cognitive impairment due to AD or dementia due to AD; changes in dementia severity, memory, and overall neurocognitive functioning; and changes in amyloid–positron emission tomography, fluorodeoxyglucose–positron emission tomography, magnetic resonance imaging volumes, and cerebrospinal fluid levels of β amyloid, tau, and p‐tau. Safety and tolerability are assessed.ResultsTwo hundred fifty‐two participants were enrolled between December 2013 and February 2017.DiscussionWe describe the first large‐scale, potentially label‐enabling clinical trial of a preclinical treatment for ADAD. Results from this trial will inform on the efficacy of crenezumab for delaying onset of, slowing decline in, or preventing cognitive impairment in individuals with preclinical ADAD and will foster an improved understanding of AD biomarkers and their relationship to clinical outcomes.
A case of necrotizing sialometaplasia clinically mimicking a malignant tumor of the palate
Authors: Yagihara Kazuhiro , Ishii Junichi , Katsurano Miki , Tsuchida Eri , Okamura Takeshi , Ishikawa Ayataka 
Published: March 2018

AbstractNecrotizing sialometaplasia is a rare lesion that mimics malignant neoplasm, which is characterized by salivary gland metaplasia, necrosis, and inflammation. We present a case of necrotizing sialometaplasia that presented as an ugly ulcer at the junction of the soft and hard palates; the lesion was clinically suspected to be a malignant lesion.A 62‐year‐old man was referred to our department with a complaint of severe pain during swallowing. A crater‐like ulcer lesion was observed extending from the maxillary tuberosity to the soft palate. Histopathological diagnosis of necrotizing sialometaplasia was confirmed on biopsy. This lesion was spontaneously relieved.