bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Een verblijfsvergunning voor gedetacheerde derdelanders
Authors: van Gardingen I.B.L.H. , Kramer D. 
Published: December 2024

Een verblijfsvergunning voor gedetacheerde derdelanders. Het arrest SN (zaak C-540/22)
In het arrest SN (zaak C-540/22) oordeelt het Hof van Justitie dat Nederland van 44 gedetacheerde Oekraïners na de eerste negentig dagen van hun detachering een verblijfsvergunning mocht eisen. In tegenstelling tot eerdere jurisprudentie, waarin vrijwel alle traditionele controle en handhavingsinstrumenten uit het arbeidsmigratierecht werden beoordeeld als ongerechtvaardigde beperkingen van het vrij verkeer van diensten, acht het Hof van Justitie een verblijfsvergunningsvereiste wél een gerechtvaardigde maatregel, namelijk om de rechtszekerheid van gedetacheerde derdelanders te verbeteren en de ontvangende lidstaat in staat te stellen de openbare orde te beschermen. Dit artikel bespreekt deze nieuwe afslag in de complexe detacheringsjurisprudentie met bijzondere aandacht voor deze nieuwe rechtvaardigingsgronden en gevolgen van het oordeel van het Hof van Justitie dat gedetacheerde derdelanders niet over een afgeleid verblijfsrecht beschikken.HvJ 20 juni 2024, C-540/22, ECLI:EU:C:2024:530 (SN e.a./Staatssecretaris van Justitie en Veiligheid).
Barometer of dispute resolution in Belgium
Authors: Beretta Rachele , Nigmatullina Dilyara , Rutten Stefan 
Published: December 2024

Barometer of dispute resolution in Belgium: residents’ attitudes to and experiences with the use of technology in dispute resolution
Based on the findings of a survey study conducted by Antwerp University researchers and Conflicool in 2022, this contribution discusses Belgian residents’ views and experiences with using information and communication technology in dispute resolution. While providing insight into the sentiment of Belgian residents toward online dispute resolution (ODR), survey findings reveal a generally neutral public stance toward ODR, with slightly more residents indicating hesitance than comfort. A key barrier is the lack of accessible information about ODR, which respondents indicated would boost their comfort and trust in using it. Familiarity with technology and ODR experience positively influence attitudes, while data security concerns were less prominent than expected. Although administrative support tools are valued, there is limited interest in AI-driven decisions. Overall, this contribution concludes that public understanding and confidence are critical to promoting ODR acceptance in Belgium, with recommendations for user-centered approaches to foster greater familiarity and engagement with ODR.
De kracht van transformatieve mediation
Authors: Bekink Anja , Reitsma Abele , Vleeshouwers Marie-Cecile , Notermans Marijke , Martens Floor , van Eijk Kees 
Published: December 2024

The Power of Transformative Mediation: From Destructive to Constructive
Transformative mediation empowers conflicting parties and stimulates creativity, leading to sustainable solutions, particularly useful in polarizing societal issues. Developed in the 1990s by Joseph Folger and Baruch Bush, it contrasts with traditional mediation by focusing on improving communication rather than on the outcomes of the mediation.This method views conflicts as temporary communication crises, emphasizing the dual human needs for autonomy and connection. Transformative mediators support parties in regaining empowerment and recognition, fostering constructive interactions. Unlike other mediation styles that control the process and seek resolutions, transformative mediation allows parties to decide the subjects of the conversation, addressing the root causes of conflict.Key tools include reflecting, summarizing, process questions, and allowing silences, all aimed at enhancing understanding and communication. The mediator follows parties’ leads, maintaining neutrality and recognizing individual perspectives. Success is measured by steps towards empowerment and recognition rather than just conflict resolution. This approach ensures solutions are participant-driven, thus more lasting and satisfactory.
Impacto da adição de hidrogênio nas propriedades do gás natural e biometano em um sistema local canalizado
Authors: Torres Lucas de Almada , Sousa Renno de Holanda , Júnior Claudecir Fernandes de Freitas Moura , Bueno André Valente , Siqueira Rafael Magalhães , Alegre Jose Antonio Andres Velasquez , Davila Evelyn Thalia Michue 
Published: December 2024

Este estudo avalia o impacto da adição de hidrogênio ao gás natural e ao biometano em um sistema canalizado no Brasil, visando entender sua viabilidade na transição energética e redução de emissões de CO2. A crescente demanda por energia elétrica, prevista para aumentar 50% até 2050, torna a utilização de hidrogênio verde, produzido a partir de fontes renováveis, uma solução promissora. Analisaram-se dois cenários: a mistura de hidrogênio com biometano e com gás natural, utilizando normas da ANP para determinar as propriedades gasosas. Os resultados mostram que a adição de até 3% de H2 ao biometano e 11% ao gás natural são viáveis, mantendo os parâmetros de qualidade exigidos. A pesquisa destaca a importância do hidrogênio na descarbonização do setor energético, sugerindo futuros estudos sobre suas emissões durante a combustão.
La “reacción” como aproximación a los antagonismos sociales en la esfera pública digital
Authors: Carrizales González Carlos Alberto 
Published: December 2024

En este texto se ofrecen una serie de reflexiones orientadas a recuperar la “reacción” como concepto para estudiar los antagonismos al progresismo contemporáneo en sus expresiones en línea (o fuera). Al enfocarse específicamente en aquellas expresiones que se oponen a fuerzas percibidas como progresistas, se hace la observación de que la literatura académica ha puesto el foco en ellas vinculándolas o categorizándolas como expresiones cercanas a la derecha o el conservadurismo. Ante esto, se considera que dicha clasificación puede cometer generalizaciones que ocultan matices al momento de estudiar tales oposiciones, sobre todo cuando se moviliza la interrogación de los sujetos individuales, ya sean políticos o líderes de opinión, hacia las bases sociales que sostienen estos tonos de debate; por lo que se propone la reacción como concepto para abrir el mapa ideológico y movilizar la comprensión de las ideas que circulan en ciertos sectores sociales.Partiendo de una caracterización de la esfera pública digital como espacio de circulación discursiva especialmente fructífero para el conflicto y las oposiciones, se sostiene la hipótesis de que es ahí donde se pueden observar claramente estos disensos a las acciones progresistas actuales. Bajo ese reconocimiento, se procede a definir la reacción como una corriente ideológica orientada hacia el anti-modernismo y la restauración en clave contemporánea de un orden perdido. Primero se le caracteriza como una postura cercana a la noción de contrarrevolución y a una visión pesimista de lo político, nociones que, se presume, están presentes en los antagonismos contemporáneos; en segundo lugar, se reconoce como concepto con baja determinación categórica y, por tanto, como una herramienta analítica que permita dar cuenta de los fundamentos discursivos y los comportamientos políticos conflictivos en los espacios digitales. ARK: https://id.caicyt.gov.ar/ark:/s18535925/leawbvb01
Post Covid-19 Growth of Midcap Mutual Funds in India: A Study on Top Ten Midcap Mutual Funds
Authors: Paul Rahul 
Published: December 2024

Since the COVID-19 outbreak, asset management companies (AMCs) have taken the lead in increasing wealth through mutual funds. There are two types of mutual funds: open-ended and closed-ended. With 43 AMCs operating in India and an average asset under management (AUM) of ₹27.12 trillion as of July 31, 2020, equity funds are riskier. According to research, small and midcap funds have more risk and higher returns than large-cap funds, which have lower risk and lower returns. For regular investments in mutual funds, especially midcap funds, Systematic Investment Plans (SIPs) have gained popularity. Based on their assets under management (AUM) and monthly SIP inflows from 2020–21 to 2024–25, the top ten midcap funds were examined in this study. The purpose of this study is to show how the performance of the midcap funds and volatility associated with the funds. This study also analyses the volatility of the midcap funds by using Sharpe index, Treynor index, and Jensen's Alpha index. The result shows that few of the midcap funds are more volatile than the other funds but higher volatility generates higher returns for the investors over this last four years.
Enzyme Inhibitors, Aspartic Proteases
Authors: Hamada Yoshio , Kiso Yoshiaki 
Published: September 2019

AbstractEnzymes play crucial roles in various biological processes, and their activities are essential for all living organisms—from viruses to human. As their functions are closely associated with several pathogenic mechanisms, their inhibitors or activators are important molecular targets for the development of treatments for various diseases. This article describes the catalytic mechanism of enzymes and design methodologies of enzyme inhibitors. Herein, we focused on the protease inhibitors, considering their importance and good fit for computational design approaches such as docking simulation. As practical examples, we concentrated on Alzheimer's β‐secretase and virus proteases such as renin, human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease, and human T‐lymphotropic virus type I protease.
Investigation of Pollution in Rivers and Groundwater by Fluorescence
Authors: Baker Andy , Andersen Martin S. , Marjo Christopher E. , Zainuddin Nur S. , Rutlidge Helen , Graham Peter W. , Henderson Rita K. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Organic molecules that contain conjugated aromatic constituents have the potential to fluoresce. Both natural and anthropogenic organic matters may contain fluorescent molecules, and river and groundwater organic matters can be understood as a complex mixture of fluorescent and nonfluorescent organic molecules. The investigation of pollution in rivers and groundwaters, therefore, requires the differentiation of multiple fluorescent molecules from multiple sources. The fluorescence spectra of both natural and pollutant organic matters are increasingly well known. Fluorescent pollutants in rivers and groundwaters are typically identified by high levels of fluorescence in the shortwave ultraviolet spectra associated with high levels of microbiological activity and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD); the presence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from landfill leachates or petroleum products; or the presence of fluorescent whitening agents (FWAs) from industrial, landfill, or sewerage pollution. These fluorescence signals can be distinguished from natural organic matter fluorescence by analyzing either of the differences in spectral properties, often using multiway analysis such as parallel factor analysis, or the investigation of their sensitivity to microbial or photodegradation. Examples of the investigation of pollution in rivers and groundwaters by fluorescence using both laboratory instrumentation and in situ probes are discussed.
Characterization of Protein Oligomers by Multi‐Angle Light Scattering
Authors: Shamir Mai , Amartely Hadar , Lebendiker Mario , Friedler Assaf 
Published: September 2019

AbstractNumerous methods for characterizing oligomerization of proteins exist, with each of them having its advantages and limitation. Here, we focus on multi‐angle light scattering (MALS), which is one of the most efficient methods for studying the oligomerization of soluble proteins in their native form in solution. MALS can provide many important parameters such as the exact molar mass and size of the protein of interest, its hydrodynamic radius, and additional structural information. Studying protein oligomerization using Light scattering (LS) methods is combined in many cases with chromatographic methods, resulting in accurate characterization of this dynamic process with minimal measurement‐related interferences. Here, we describe several light scattering‐based techniques combined with several separation methods, focusing on the more common method of size exclusion chromatography – multi‐angle light scattering (SEC‐MALS) and two additional and in some cases complementary methods, ion exchange chromatography and flow field fractionation combined with MALS.
Single Crystal Structure Analysis
Authors: Yamano Akihito 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Single crystal X‐ray structure analysis can be thought of as a particular method limited to experts because of the misconception that it requires expertise and crystallographic knowledge. This was true until the 1990s. However, the reality is even novices to single crystal structure analysis can take advantage of the dependability of this analytical technique just like using other spectroscopic methods due to the recent development of software and hardware. Modern instruments simultaneously perform data collection, processing, and automated structure analysis. This article introduces the overall aspect of single crystal analysis from data collection to structure validation. Emphasis is put on common four topics: mounting a fragile crystal, instrumentation, disordered structure, twin, and absolute structure determination. In the end, the latest topic section refers to the crystalline sponge method that can be summarized as single crystal X‐ray structure analysis without a single crystal.
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Techniques for Analysis of Contaminants in the Environment
Authors: Longstaffe James G. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is arguably the most powerful analytical tool available for the study of molecular structures. One of the most elegant attributes of NMR is that the information provided, primarily in the form of chemical shift, signal intensities, and spin–spin coupling (J‐coupling), is intrinsic to the nature of the molecular system being studied. As such the structures of compounds present may be deduced by applying the underlying logic that follows from a first principal understanding of the environmental and structural factors that control the output of an NMR measurement. Indeed, NMR is of primary importance in many scientific disciplines that rely on a precise understanding of molecular structures. Interest in the use of NMR as a tool to better understand environmental systems is growing as the underlying paradigm for environmental protection, monitoring, and remediation shifts away from tackling the known and critical environmental problems of the 1970s and 1980s towards a growing concern for the unknown environmental problems that have not yet been fully uncovered or understood. This article discusses the application of NMR spectroscopy as an analytical tool that has the potential to improve our understanding of the distribution and behavior of contaminants in the environment.
Anaerotaenia
Authors: Ueki Atsuko , Kaku Nobuo , Ueki Katsuji 
Published: September 2019

AbstractAn.ae.ro.tae'ni.a. Gr. prep.annot; Gr. n.aerair;anaeronot living in air; L. fem. n.taeniaribbon; N.L. fem. n.Anaerotaeniaa ribbon not living in air.Firmicutes / Clostridia / Clostridiales / Lachnospiraceae / AnaerotaeniaThe genusAnaerotaeniabelongs to the familyLachnospiraceaewithin the orderClostridialesand contains one species,Anaerotaenia torta. Obligately anaerobic and chemoorganotrophic. Cells are Gram‐stain‐positive, slightly curved, or sigmoid long rods. Motile by peritrichous flagella. Spores are spherical and terminal. Saccharolytic and fermentative. Slightly alkaliphilic. Utilizes a wide variety of carbohydrates including xylan. Acetate, ethanol, and H2are fermentation products from glucose. Catalase is absent. C16:0, C18:1ω7cDMA, C18:1ω7c, and C16:0DMA are present as major CFAs. The cell‐wall peptidoglycan containsmeso‐DAP as the diagnostic diamino acid. Isolated from a methanogenic reactor of livestock wastewater. Closely related species ofAnaerotaenia tortaare members of the generaMobilitalea,Herbinix, andAnaerocolumna. These relatives were also isolated mainly from anaerobic reactors.DNA G + C content (mol%): 47.2 (HPLC).Type species:Anaerotaenia tortaUeki,Ohtaki, Kaku, and Ueki 2016, 2941VP.
Magnetically Enhanced Mechanical Stability and Super‐Size Effects in Self‐Assembled Superstructures of Nanocubes
Authors: Håkonsen Verner , Singh Gurvinder , Normile Peter S. , De Toro José A. , Wahlström Erik , He Jianying , Zhang Zhiliang 
Published: September 2019

AbstractArtificial materials from the self‐assembly of magnetic nanoparticles exhibit extraordinary collective properties; however, to date, the contribution of nanoscale magnetism to the mechanical properties of this class of materials is overlooked. Here, through a combination of Monte Carlo simulations and experimental magnetic measurements, this contribution is shown to be important in self‐assembled superstructures of magnetite nanocubes. By simulating the relaxation of interacting macrospins in the superstructure systems, the relationship between nanoscale magnetism, nanoparticle arrangement, superstructure size, and mechanical stability is established. For all considered systems, a significant enhancement in cohesive energy per nanocube (up to 45%), and thus in mechanical stability, is uncovered from the consideration of magnetism. Magnetic measurements fully support the simulations and confirm the strongly interacting character of the nanocube assembly. The studies also reveal a novel super‐size effect, whereby mechanically destabilization occurs through a decrease in cohesive energy per nanocube as the overall size (number of particles) of the system decreases. The discovery of this effect opens up new possibilities in size‐controlled tuning of superstructure properties, thus contributing to the design of next‐generation self‐assembled materials with simultaneous enhancement of magnetic and mechanical properties.
Liquid‐Gated Transistors Based on Reduced Graphene Oxide for Flexible and Wearable Electronics
Authors: Furlan de Oliveira Rafael , Livio Pietro Antonio , Montes‐García Verónica , Ippolito Stefano , Eredia Matilde , Fanjul‐Bolado Pablo , González García María Begoña , Casalini Stefano , Samorì Paolo 
Published: September 2019

AbstractGraphene is regarded as the ultimate material for future flexible, high‐performance, and wearable electronics. Herein, a novel, robust, all‐green, highly reliable (yield ≥ 99%), and upscalable technology is reported for wearable applications comprising reduced graphene oxide (rGO) as the electroactive component in liquid‐gated transistors (LGTs). rGO is a formidable material for future flexible and wearable applications due to its easy processability, excellent surface reactivity, and large‐area coverage. A novel protocol is established toward the high‐yield fabrication of flexible rGO LGTs combining high robustness (>1.5 h of continuous operation) with state‐of‐the‐art performances, being similar to those of their rigid counterparts operated under liquid gating, including field‐effect mobility of ≈10−1 cm2 V−1 s−1 and transconductance of ≈25 µS. Permeable membranes have been proven crucial to operate flexible LGTs under mechanical stress with reduced amounts of solution (<20 µL). Our rGO LGTs are operated in artificial sweat exploiting two different layouts based on lateral‐flow paper fluidics. These approaches pave the road toward future real‐time tracking of perspiration via a simple and cost‐effective approach. The reported findings contribute to the robust and scalable production of novel graphene‐based flexible devices, whose features fulfill the requirements of wearable electronics.
Multifunctional DNA Polycatenane Nanocarriers for Synergistic Targeted Therapy of Multidrug‐Resistant Human Leukemia
Authors: Yu Sha , Wang Yingying , Li Yuanfang , Jiang Li‐Ping , Bi Sai , Zhu Jun‐Jie 
Published: September 2019

AbstractChemotherapy, as one of the principal modalities for cancer therapy, is limited by its inefficient delivery, serious side effects as well as multidrug resistance (MDR). Herein, multifunctional aptamer‐tethered deoxyribonucleic acids (DNA) polycatenanes (AptDPCs) is reported to combat MDR human leukemia. By rational design, the DNA polycatenanes (DPCs) are first constructed by a one‐step self‐assembly approach, during which DPCs are incorporated with fluorophores for bioimaging, abundant doxorubicin (DOX) intercalation sites for drug delivery, and antisense oligonucleotides (AS ODNs) for inhibiting the expression of P‐glycoprotein (P‐gp) and further reversing MDR. In addition, to endow the DPCs with specific recognition toward the target cancer cells and high purity, aptamers are tethered to the DPCs via the magnetic separation method based on the toehold‐mediated strand displacement (TMSD) reaction, which not only improves the purity and reproducibility of the AptDPCs, but also realizes the recycle of magnetic carriers. The results confirm that the AptDPCs can deliver drugs and AS ODNs into the target cancer cells and synergistically inhibit the MDR tumor growth without apparent systematic toxicity. The proposed AptDPC‐based drug delivery system can effectively reduce side effects and reverse MDR, which provides a promising platform for codelivery of therapeutic genes and chemodrugs in targeted cancer therapy.
Beyond Gold: Spin‐Coated Ti3C2‐Based MXene Photodetectors
Authors: Montazeri Kiana , Currie Marc , Verger Louisiane , Dianat Pouya , Barsoum Michel W. , Nabet Bahram 
Published: September 2019

Abstract2D transition metal carbides, known as MXenes, are transparent when the samples are thin enough. They are also excellent electrical conductors with metal‐like carrier concentrations. Herein, these characteristics are exploited to replace gold (Au) in GaAs photodetectors. By simply spin‐coating transparent Ti3C2‐based MXene electrodes from aqueous suspensions onto GaAs patterned with a photoresist and lifted off with acetone, photodetectors that outperform more standard Au electrodes are fabricated. Both the Au‐ and MXene‐based devices show rectifying contacts with comparable Schottky barrier heights and internal electric fields. The latter, however, exhibit significantly higher responsivities and quantum efficiencies, with similar dark currents, hence showing better dynamic range and detectivity, and similar sub‐nanosecond response speeds compared to the Au‐based devices. The simple fabrication process is readily integratable into microelectronic, photonic‐integrated circuits and silicon photonics processes, with a wide range of applications from optical sensing to light detection and ranging and telecommunications.