bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Short Scarf Osteotomy for Hallux Valgus: Short-term and Medium-term Results
Authors: Rachha Rajesh , Dalal Rakesh , Leonard David , Chourasia Ajay , Javed Saqib 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT

Aim
The scarf osteotomy, as popularized by Barouk, is a versatile osteotomy for the correction of moderate and severe hallux valgus deformity. However, this technique requires extensive exposure, fixation, and increased operative time, and is technically demanding. We describe and present our results of a short scarf osteotomy (SSO), which retains all the cuts of a standard scarf but requires a reduced exposure, less metalwork, less operating time, and is more economical.

Materials and methods
All patients who underwent SSO between January 2010 and December 2012 with minimum follow-up of 12 months were eligible for the study. Preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative radiographs were available for radiological assessment.

Results
In this study, 84 patients and 94 feet were included; 90% of patients were satisfied overall, with 83% of patients recommending this surgery to a friend. The hallux valgus angle improved from a preoperative mean of 30.89° (17.4—46.8) to 12° (4—30) postoperatively (p = 0.0001). The intermetatarsal angle improved from a preoperative mean of 15.05° (10.3—21.1) to 7.14° (4—15.1) postoperatively (p = 0.0001). The average sesamoid coverage improved from grade 2.18 (1—3) preoperatively to 0.57 (0—2) postoperatively (p = 0.0001). The average American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Score improved from 51.26 (32—88) preoperatively to 91.1 (72—100) postoperatively (p = 0.0001).

Conclusion
We believe that this osteotomy is a novel procedure producing good to excellent results in most cases of hallux valgus. Biologically, the decreased exposure should improve healing and reduce the risk of avascular necrosis. We strongly recommend this osteotomy for most cases of hallux valgus surgery.

How to cite this article
Dalal R, Rachha R, Leonard D, Chourasia A, Javed S. Short Scarf Osteotomy for Hallux Valgus: Short-term and Medium-term Results. J Foot Ankle Surg (Asia-Pacific) 2017;4(1):14-18.
Outcome of Tibio-talo-calcaneal Arthrodesis using Supracondylar Femoral Intramedullary Interlocking Nail
Authors: Hiranya kumar S , Revuri Praneeth , Shah Ashish D 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Tibiotalar arthritis of foot is a progressive pathology; if left untreated, patients experience excruciating pain at every step while walking/weight bearing. The treatment depends on whether the pain is to be managed conservatively or surgically. This article is intended for the description of a technique performing tibiotalocalcaneal arthrodesis (TTCA) using an indigenous femur supracondylar nail, an intramedullary fixation.

Materials and methods
This article contains a prospective study of 21 patients with a mean age of 46 years, males — 13 and females — 8, who underwent TTCA with intramedullary fixation for the diagnoses of osteoarthrosis (6 patients), rheumatoid arthritis (6 patients), and arthritis secondary to avascular necrosis (AVN) of talus/trauma (9 patients), with a mean follow-up interval of 22 months.

Results
Out of 21 patients, 96.55% union rate was achieved at a mean time to union of 16 weeks, with one patient (3.45%) going for delayed union.

Conclusion
Intramedullary nailing is an excellent method of fixation for TTCA in the appropriately selected patients. Using an indigenous supracondylar femoral nail is a cost-effective method, and this gave equivalent results as that of other intramedullary nails in properly selected patients.

How to cite this article
Hiranyakumar S, Revuri P, Shah AD. Outcome of Tibio-talo-calcaneal Arthrodesis using Supracondylar Femoral Intramedullary Interlocking Nail. J Foot Ankle Surg (Asia-Pacific) 2017;4(1):23-29.
Rare Lytic Lesions of the Talus: A Diagnostic Challenge
Authors: Pandey Vivek , Senthil Vishnu , Acharya Kiran 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT
Patients presenting with prolonged ankle pain following trivial trauma should be clinically and radiologically investigated. We present two young adults with incidentally diagnosed lytic lesion of talus. They underwent extended curettage and biopsy. Histopathological examination proved as aneurysmal and simple bone cyst and went for a secondary procedure of bone grafting. We want to emphasize the importance of differential diagnosis in the management of lytic lesions and complete removal of tumor.

How to cite this article
Senthil V, Pandey V, Acharya K. Rare Lytic Lesions of the Talus: A Diagnostic Challenge. J Foot Ankle Surg (Asia-Pacific) 2017;4(1):49-52.
Management of Fracture of Posterior Malleolus, Trimalleolar Fracture, Fracture Dislocations, and Syndesmosis Injury of Ankle Joint
Authors: Gawali Satish R , Toshniwal Raman O , Kukale, Shashikant B , Nirvane, Pramod V 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT

Background
Malleolar fractures of ankle are usually complex injuries, as they are associated with significant ligament and soft tissue injury—injury to syndesmosis and injury to medial and lateral collateral ligaments. The open reduction and internal fixation is not feasible until recovery of significant soft tissue injury and subsidence of edema. Malleolar fractures are articular fractures and have associated subluxation and dislocation of talus. The aims of treatment are to restore normal anatomy and provide sufficient stability for early movements.
Malleolar fractures more often require open reduction. Our study aimed to know efficacy and outcome of operative management of them.

Materials and methods
From January 2013 to March 2015, 35 patients with syndesmotic ankle injury and trimalleolar ankle fractures admitted to the Government Medical College, Latur, India, were operated and followed up prospectively.

Results
Mean age of patients is 35 years (25–60 years). Fracture union was seen radiologically in 3 to 4 months depending on fracture geometry. We achieved good to excellent results of 90%.

Conclusion
We conclude that malleolar fractures encountered in clinical practice need thorough assessment and meticulous surgical intervention, as they are associated with injury to ligament complex, i.e., ligament is a key structure in the stability of ankle mortise. Abduction and external rotation types of injuries are the most common types to be seen. We achieved stable fixation and performed early mobilization of the ankle joint, which limits the complications of mainly ankle stiffness. Each malleolus has got its inherent associated complications and calls for special attention for identifying associated conditions, such as syndesmotic injury, talus dislocation in posterior malleolar fractures, irreducible ankle dislocation with trimalleolar fracture, and entrapped fibula behind tibia with irreducible dislocation.

How to cite this article
Gawali SR, Kukale SB, Nirvane PV, Toshniwal RO. Management of Fracture of Posterior Malleolus, Trimalleolar Fracture, Fracture Dislocations, and Syndesmosis Injury of Ankle Joint. J Foot Ankle Surg (Asia-Pacific) 2017;4(2):90-96.
Los Comités Locales de Abastecimiento y Producción (CLAP) bajo el Enfoque Basado en Derechos Humanos
Authors: Pérez Guillermo 
Published: September 2019

Los Comités Locales de Abastecimiento y Producción (CLAP) fueron creados a principios de 2016 por el gobierno venezolano como un mecanismo para la distribución de alimentos subsidiados en el marco de una grave crisis económica. Conformados por miembros de organizaciones comunitarias y políticas relacionadas al gobierno, su actuación ha sido polémica desde el inicio, acusados de discriminación y de clientelismo. A pesar de esto, el gobierno los defiende como un instrumento necesario para garantizar los derechos de la población más vulnerable y por ser una herramienta política para ganar la “Guerra económica” a la que responsabiliza por la crisis.
A principios de este año los CLAP recibieron carácter constitucional por una polémica asamblea, sin que los efectos de la crisis hayan disminuido en la población, ni quede claro su aporte real en la protección de sus derechos. Por tanto, se hace indispensable revisar este programa social del gobierno venezolano para comprender su formulación y conocer su contribución a una gobernanza democrática y la defensa de los derechos humanos de los venezolanos. El Enfoque Basado en Derechos Humanos nos otorga las herramientas para lograr este objetivo.
Effect of Patient Body Mass Index, Recommendation for Weight Modification, and Nonmodifiable Factors on Patient Satisfaction
Authors: Wells Joel , Batty Miles , Box Hayden , Nakonezny Paul A. 
Published: September 2019

Introduction:
Patient satisfaction serves an increasingly important role in health care. Multiple nonmodifiable patient factors have been found to influence patient satisfaction. To the best of our knowledge, however, no study has investigated the influence of body mass index (BMI) on satisfaction scores. The objective of this study was to evaluate whether BMI and provider recommendation for patient weight modification were associated with patient satisfaction.

Methods:
We reviewed Press Ganey patient satisfaction survey scores from 3,044 clinical encounters in an academic orthopaedic center between November 2010 and May 2017. Multiple patient factors, BMI, and recommendation for weight loss, or requirement of weight loss, before surgery were recorded. Patient satisfaction was operationalized as a binary outcome of completely satisfied or not completely satisfied, and multiple logistic regression was used to estimate the odds of being completely satisfied from the subset of potential predictors.

Results:
White patients (odds ratio [OR] = 1.340, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.113 to 1.584, P = 0.0007) and Medicare-insured patients (OR = 1.260, 95% CI: 1.044 to 1.521, P = 0.0164) were more likely to be completely satisfied, whereas patients being seen by a provider for the first time were less likely to be completely satisfied (OR = 0.728, 95% CI: 0.626 to 0.847, P < 0.0001). BMI, recommendation for weight loss, and requirement of weight modification before surgery were not found to be associated with patient satisfaction.

Discussion:
Neither patient BMI nor provider recommendation for weight loss, or as a requirement for surgery, was associated with patient satisfaction. Race, insurance status, and previous visits with the care provider were identified as nonmodifiable patient factors that influence patient satisfaction.

Level of Evidence:
Level III
Knowledge Assessment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in First Professional Medical Students
Authors: Khosa Zulfiqar , Mehboob Mukhtar , Zubair Muhammad , Sana Hamaiyal 
Published: September 2019

Objective: To assess the knowledge of first professional medical students of Bolan University of Medical and Health Sciences Quetta about Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.
Methodology: This cross sectional descriptive study was carried out on first professional MBBS students of Bolan Medical College Quetta from 1st May 2017 to 30 June 2017 (two months).The sample size was 200 students. . The questionnaire included 12 questions about diabetes mellitus, related to general knowledge of Type 2 diabetes mellitus. The students were divided into two groups. The group I was the students who think that they have knowledge of type 2 diabetes mellitus and the group II was the students who think that they have poor or deficient knowledge of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Each question was allocated 5 marks. After giving marks to all replied questions, the total 60 marks for 12 questions were further categorized as; A score of less than 20 poor, 21—30 average, 31—40 good, ˃ 40 excellent. The results were analyzed by SPSS.
Results: There were 174 (87.0%) students who had some knowledge of type 2 diabetes mellitus, while 26 (13.0%) had no any knowledge of diabetes mellitus. The students having age of 20 years or more were 126 (63%) where majority 107 (53.5%) were studying in second year. There were 102 (51%) male and 98 (49%) female students. The knowledge of investigation and diagnostic criteria for type 2 diabetes mellitus were found significant amongst all. The knowledge of etiology, symptoms, course, treatment and complications were found insignificant. Only 10 (5%) students had excellent knowledge of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Conclusion: The students having an age of more than 20 years had excellent and more knowledge of type 2 diabetes mellitus. The problems of diabetes mellitus among their relatives and friends, its causative factors, symptoms and course was found insignificant. The knowledge of diagnostic test and interpretation had a positive correlation but insignificant. Majority of students 96 (48%) had average knowledge of diabetes mellitus.
Loop-mediated Isothermal Amplification LAMP, Simple Alternative Technique of Molecular Diagnosis Process in Medicals Analysis: A Review
Authors: Uwiringiyeyezu T. , Khalfi B. El , Belhachmi J. , Soukri A. 
Published: September 2019

The Medical diagnostic process requires more various methods to cover all sorts of clinical demands. Those methods depend on the types of samples and the requested analysis. The Medical diagnostic is considered as a process until making a clinical decision about a physiopathology or infection through medicals analysis. Nucleic acid amplification methods continue to play a role in these medicals analysis processes, but, many gold conventional standard Methods are time-consumers, less sensitive, technically challenging. It is that reason why recently, after the development of the PCR technique; the real-time PCR became a frequently requested tool to diagnose the virus, bacteria, fungal and parasites infections in different pathologies, especially in developed countries. However, its availability remains a big problem in resource-limited countries like Africa continent. It is because of the issue due to cost, technology, human resource constraints and the remote areas with limited access to laboratory facilities which stays also a major problem.
Nucleic acids amplification methods remain to be expensive, not accessible for all laboratories. In addition to this, they are easily inhibited and contaminated by the other biochemical reagents time-consumer, for this reason, other methods of nucleic acid amplification under isothermal conditions have emerged each with its particularities. Despite their successes, molecular biology should have a method that combines many of the advantages and accessible everywhere. So, in 2000, the LAMP method was developed and offered many advantages such as speed, specificity, high sensitivity and the cost of very low equipment. In this review, we present the different studies to confirm the advantages of LAMP that we consider as an alternative to PCR in molecular diagnostics with a wide range of use on clinical samples and in scientific research and also, the method to save the Africans patients from the high cost and time consuming of other amplification methods.
Risk Factors of Cardiovascular Disease among Ghanaian Police Officers
Authors: Essien Miriam , Lutterodt Herman Erick , Annan Reginald Adjetey 
Published: September 2019

Background: Cardiovascular diseases continue to be a global public health burden among occupational groups like Police officers. Police officers play important roles to ensure law and order in countries. However, the nature of police work exposes them to violence and stress. Again, irregular food habits, irregular exercise, inadequate sleep, smoking and drinking are lifestyles which makes police officers prone to high incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD).
Aim: This study looked at the prevalence of CVD risk factors among police officers in Kumasi, Ghana.
Study Design: Cross- sectional.
Place and Duration of study: Ashanti Regional Police Headquarters, Kumasi, Ghana, between September, 2017 to July, 2018.
Methodology: Weight, height, Body Mass Index (BMI), waist circumference, lipid profile, systolic and diastolic blood pressure of 120 officers were measured. Additionally, lifestyle and dietary factors such as exercise and intake of fruits of Police officers were assessed. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 22.0.
Results: Slightly more than half (63, 52.5%) of the officers were females and the remaining (57,47.5%) were males. The mean of the various CVD risk factors among the total study participants are as follows; BMI 28.184±4.461 kg/m2, waist circumference 92.702±10.941 cm, systolic blood pressure (SBP) 128.121±17.047 mmHg, diastolic blood pressure (DBP) 85.569±10.854 mmHg, fasting blood sugar 5.387±1.756 mmol/l, high density lipoprotein (HDL) 1.546±0.211 mmol/l, low density lipoprotein 2.321±0.706 mmol/l (LDL) and total cholesterol (TC) 4.362±0.906 mmol/L. Prevalence of obesity among male and female officers were 43.9% and 36.5% respectively. With regards to hypertension, policemen and women recorded 31.6% and 20.6% respectively and dyslipidemia among males and females were 43.9% and 85.7% respectively.
Conclusion: The officers were generally overweight, with over a quarter having hypertension and about two-thirds having dyslipidemia, making their risk for CVDs high. Further studies to elucidate the causes are required, routine medical screening and nutritional support are recommended.
Chemical Analysis of Itobe Limestone Deposit for Potential in Cement Manufacturing
Authors: Emmanuel-Alonge Temitope , Joseph Dorcas , Dada Emily , Baba Jamil , Victor Abere , Uzuh Florence Dennis 
Published: September 2019

In this research, the assessment of the chemical composition of the Itobe marble deposit for comparison with the general limestone requirements for cement making was investigated. Six pits were dug and carefully studied in the area. The research work is aimed at determining the suitability of the Itobe marble deposit in the manufacturing of cement, establish the nature, size and type of the deposit and to estimate the various impurities present and at what concentrations. The soil samples collected were analysed for their chemical properties. Samples were also obtained from river channels and from outcrops of the deposits. The result showed that an appreciable amount of the marble deposit, with CaO in the range of 32.95% to 50.05% and Silica ranging from 1.40% to 7.20%. From these chemical analyses, Itobe limestone showed a great potential in cement production to augment cement availability for building and civil engineering construction in Nigeria.
Neuromuscular Activation Differences During Gait in Patients With Ehlers‐Danlos Syndrome and Healthy Adults
Authors: Robbins Shawn M. , Cossette‐Levasseur Marianne , Kikuchi Kazunori , Sarjeant Jenna , Shiu Ying‐Ga , Azar Christiane , Hazel Elizabeth M. 
Published: September 2019

ObjectiveEhlers‐Danlos syndrome (EDS) is a group of genetic disorders affecting connective tissue. Symptoms include joint and ligament laxity. The objectives of this study were to compare muscle activation, joint angles, and spatiotemporal parameters during gait, and to compare isometric strength between participants with EDS (hypermobility and classical subtypes) and healthy adults.MethodsParticipants with EDS (n = 14) and healthy adults (n = 14) were recruited for this cross‐sectional study. Lower extremity muscle activation, sagittal joint angles, and spatiotemporal parameters during gait were measured using surface electromyography (EMG), motion capture, and force plates. Isometric strength of the lower extremity joints was measured with an isokinetic dynamometer. Important characteristics (principal components [PCs]) were determined from EMG and angle waveforms using PC analysis; relationships between PC scores and groups were examined using multilevel linear models after accounting for gait speed. Spatiotemporal parameters and strength were compared using independent t‐tests and effect sizes (Cohen’s d coefficient).ResultsThe EDS group was associated with delayed vastus lateralis (b = 16.69) and medialis activation (b = 11.33), higher rectus femoris (b = 28.34) and tensor fascia latae activation (b = –11.06), prolonged gluteus medius activation (b = –32.78), and lower medial gastrocnemius activation (b = –27.18). Joint angles were similar between the EDS and healthy groups. The EDS group had slower gait speeds, shorter stride lengths, and a greater percentage of time in stance (d = –1.05 to 0.96). The EDS group had weaker hip and ankle muscles (d = –0.83 to –0.97).ConclusionAlterations in muscle activation and spatiotemporal parameters during gait in patients with EDS may be a result of impaired proprioception and balance and muscle weakness. Interventions should target these deficits.
Real‐World Adherence to Oral Methotrexate Measured Electronically in Patients With Established Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Michaud Kaleb , Vrijens Bernard , Tousset Eric , Pedro Sofia , Schumacher Rebecca , Dasic Gorana , Chen Connie , Agarwal Ekta , Suarez‐Almazor Maria E. 
Published: September 2019

ObjectiveTo assess methotrexate (MTX) adherence using the Medication Event Monitoring System (MEMS) and characterize associations with adherence in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).MethodsEligible patients participated in Forward, the National Databank for Rheumatic Diseases, and recently (12 months or sooner) initiated oral MTX. MEMS was used to compile MTX weekly dosing over 24 weeks. The Beliefs about Medicines Questionnaire (BMQ) was completed, and baseline demographics and disease characteristics obtained. MTX adherence (percentage of weeks dose taken correctly), implementation (percentage of weeks dose taken correctly from initiation until last dose), and persistence (duration from initiation to last dose) were calculated. Analyses measured associations between patient characteristics and adherence, modeled using logistic generalized estimating equations and censored Poisson regression, and persistence modeled using Cox regression.ResultsOverall, 60 of 119 eligible patients were included in the analysis. MTX adherence, implementation, and persistence were 75%, 80%, and 83%, respectively, at 24 weeks. Demographics and disease characteristics were generally similar between patients with 1 week or less and 2 weeks or more of missed MTX. Unemployment, less disability, higher Patient Global scores, and no prior disease‐modifying antirheumatic drug (DMARD) use were associated with correct dosing. No significant differences in adherence were observed between patients receiving concomitant MTX versus MTX monotherapy, and biologic DMARD‐experienced versus biologic DMARD‐naïve patients. Higher scores in BMQ Specific Necessity (indicating a greater belief in the necessity of the medication) was associated with a decreased likelihood of dosing at an interval shorter than prescribed (odds ratio 0.89).ConclusionEven in a participatory group over a short period, MTX adherence was suboptimal and associated with certain demographics, medication experience, and beliefs about medicines. This suggests a need for screening and alternative treatment opportunities in nonadherent MTX patients with RA.