bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Beliefs about hydroxyurea in youth with sickle cell disease
Authors: Badawy Sherif M. , Thompson Alexis A. , Liem Robert I. 
Published: February 2018

Background:
Hydroxyurea reduces complications and improves health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in sickle cell disease (SCD) patients, however adherence remains suboptimal. Understanding patients’ views of hydroxyurea is critical to optimize adherence, particularly in adolescents and young adults (AYA). Study objectives were to assess beliefs about hydroxyurea using the Beliefs about Medicines Questionnaire (BMQ), and to examine the relationship of patients’ beliefs to their hydroxyurea adherence and HRQOL.

Methods:
Thirty-four AYA with SCD participated in a cross-sectional study January-December 2015. Study assessments included BMQ to examine beliefs about hydroxyurea; Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) to assess hydroxyurea adherence; and Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS®) to evaluate HRQOL.

Results:
Participants (41% female, 91% Black) had median age of 13.5 (IQR 12–18) years. Participants’ concerns about overuse of medications correlated with concerns about hydroxyurea (rs
= 0.36, p = 0.04) and overall harm of medications (rs
= 0.5, p = 0.003). Participants’ age positively correlated with the necessity of hydroxyurea (rs = 0.45, p = 0.007). Participants–; concerns about hydroxyurea and overuse of medications positively correlated with anxiety (rs
= 0.41, p = 0.02; rs
= 0.44, p = 0.01) and depression (rs
= 0.37, p = 0.04; rs
= 0.54, p = 0.001), but inversely correlated with peer relationships (rs
= -0.45, p = 0.03; rs
= -0.44, p = 0.03), respectively, suggesting better HRQOL with concerns. Fifty percent of participants reported low hydroxyurea adherence (VAS < 80%), which was more seen in patients with higher concerns about hydroxyurea (p = 0.02).

Conclusions:
Beliefs about hydroxyurea correlated with HRQOL scores and adherence levels. Addressing patients’ concern about hydroxyurea and medications overall as well as routine assessment of adherence and beliefs could help to overcome adherence barriers.
Neighborhoods, sleep quality, and cognitive decline: Does where you live and how well you sleep matter?
Authors: Hunter Jaimie C. , Handing Elizabeth P. , Casanova Ramon , Kuchibhatla Maragatha , Lutz Michael W. , Saldana Santiago , Plassman Brenda L. , Hayden Kathleen M. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractIntroductionWe evaluated the association between neighborhood socioeconomic status (NSES) and sleep quality on cognitive decline in the Health and Retirement Study.MethodsHealth and Retirement Study participants (n = 8090), aged 65+ with DNA and multiple biennial cognitive observations (abbreviated Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status), were included. Participants were grouped into quartiles of NSES and sleep quality scores. We adjusted for apolipoprotein E ε4, demographic, and cardiovascular risk factors. Random effects modeling evaluated cognitive change over time.ResultsNSES and sleep were significantly associated with cognitive decline, and there was a significant interaction between them (P = .02). Significant differences between high/low NSES and high/low sleep quality (P < .0001) were found.DiscussionSleep and NSES were associated with cognitive decline; the association between sleep and cognition appeared stronger among those with low NSES. The association between low NSES, poor sleep quality, and cognitive decline was roughly equivalent to the association between apolipoprotein E ε4 and cognitive decline.
Topical Testosterone Therapy Adherence and Outcomes Among Men With Primary or Secondary Hypogonadism
Authors: Grabner Michael , Hepp Zsolt , Raval Amit , Tian Fang , Khera Mohit 
Published: February 2018

Abstract

Background
Men with primary or secondary hypogonadism (HG) prescribed testosterone therapy (TTh) who terminate treatment early might not obtain the benefit of symptom relief.

Aim
To estimate adherence to topical TTh and to compare baseline characteristics and follow-up outcomes between adherent and non-adherent patients in a population of commercially insured US men with primary or secondary HG.

Methods
A retrospective cohort of adult men with primary or secondary HG and initiating topical TTh from 2007 through 2014, with continuous coverage during 12-month baseline and follow-up periods, was identified from a large US health plan. Clinical conditions were assessed using International Classification of Diseases, 9th Revision, Clinical Modification codes. Adherence to initial topical TTh was defined as proportion of days covered of at least 80%. Characteristics and outcomes were compared across adherent and non-adherent patients.

Outcomes
Adherence to topical TTh, occurrence of HG-related clinical outcomes, and total health care costs.

Results
We identified 3,184 topical TTh initiators (mean age = 49 years), of whom 17% (n = 538) were adherent at 12 months. Factors positively associated with adherence included prescribing by specialists, a lower prevalence of certain comorbidities at baseline, residence in the Northeast, and an earlier start year of the topical TTh prescription. Adherence to topical TTh was associated with lower odds of having HG-associated clinical conditions (composite measure) over 12-month follow-up. In the subset of patients with available laboratory results, adherent patients had greater increases in testosterone levels compared with non-adherent patients. Increased pharmacy costs for adherent patients were partly offset by decreases in medical costs.

Clinical Implications
Adherence to topical testosterone is low but associated with positive outcomes, demonstrating the need for future efforts to focus on improving adherence in this population.

Strengths and Limitations
Strengths of this study include the large number of analyzed patients and the routine care (rather than interventional trial) setting, which maximizes generalizability within the source population. Limitations are primarily a result of reliance on medical claims data, which lack clinical context and are subject to potential coding errors. Certain factors of potential importance for adherence, such as patient and provider preferences, were not available in the dataset. The study analyzed commercially insured US patients and our ability to generalize these results to the entire US population or other countries might be limited.

Conclusion
Study findings provide further evidence for suboptimal topical TTh adherence among men treated for primary or secondary HG. Adherence is associated with greater improvement in total testosterone laboratory values and might be associated with a lower likelihood of having certain HG-related conditions.
Fratura da diáfise de úmero associada a luxação de cotovelo e fratura do terço distal do antebraço: relato de caso
Authors: Alencar Neto Jonatas , Costa Cavalcante Maria , Garrido Renackson , Messias da Rocha Pedro 
Published: February 2018

ResumoA fratura da diáfise do úmero associada a luxação posterolateral do cotovelo e fratura de terço distal dos ossos do antebraço é uma lesão rara, não relatada na literatura pesquisada. Alguns estudos reportam a associação de duas dessas lesões, porém não foram encontrados relatos com as três ipsilateralmente nas bases PubMed, Lilacs e Bireme. Os autores apresentam o caso de um paciente de 13 anos, do sexo masculino, com história de queda de aproximadamente três metros de altura. Foi atendido em um hospital terciário de referência em traumatologia com diagnóstico de fratura diafisária do úmero associada a luxação do cotovelo, lesão da placa fisária do rádio e fratura de terço distal da ulna ipisilateral esquerda. O paciente foi submetido a redução incruenta de todas as lesões sob sedação anestésica; posteriormente à redução, optou-se pelo uso de tala antebraquiopalmar e tipoia comercial tipo Velpeau como tratamento da fratura diafisária de úmero. Após uma semana, o paciente apresentou desvio da fratura diafisária do úmero, foi submetido a tratamento cirúrgico com hastes flexíveis de forma retrógrada, gesso antebraquiopalmar e tipoia comercial do tipo Velpeau.
The 2030 United Nations Sustainable Development Agenda and Academic Criminology
Authors: Redo Sławomir 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThis essay introduces some research and pedagogical issues relevant to the 2030 United Nations Sustainable Development Agenda into academic criminology, especially concerning teaching and learning about these issues in the context of climate change. Academic criminology should not hesitate to take on board the normative dimension of socio-economic development. Certainly, the 2030 United Nations Agenda is a very fitting case in point.
The Rockefeller University Clinical Scholars (KL2) program 2006–2016
Authors: Schlesinger Sarah J. , Romanick Michelle , Tobin Jonathan N. , Brassil Donna , Kost Rhonda G. , Devine Rita , O’Sullivan Barbara , Vaughan Roger D. , Liang Yupu , Correa da Rosa Joel , Williams Maija , Krueger James G. , Coller Barry S. 
Published: February 2018

Introduction and MethodsThe Rockefeller Clinical Scholars (KL2) program began in 1976 and transitioned into a 3-year Master’s degree program in 2006 when Rockefeller joined the National Institute of Health Clinical and Translational Science Award program. The program consists of ∼15 trainees supported by the Clinical and Translational Science Award KL2 award and University funds. It is designed to provide an optimal environment for junior translational investigators to develop team science and leadership skills by designing and performing a human subjects protocol under the supervision of a distinguished senior investigator mentor and a team of content expert educators. This is complemented by a tutorial focused on important translational skills.ResultsSince 2006, 40 Clinical Scholars have graduated from the programs and gone on to careers in academia (72%), government service (5%), industry (15%), and private medical practice (3%); 2 (5%) remain in training programs; 39/40 remain in translational research careers with 23 National Institute of Health awards totaling $23 million, foundation and philanthropic support of $20.3 million, and foreign government and foundation support of $6 million. They have made wide ranging scientific discoveries and have endeavored to translate those discoveries into improved human health.ConclusionThe Rockefeller Clinical Scholars (KL2) program provides one model for translational science training.
Remembered resilience: oral history narratives and community resilience in agroforestry systems
Authors: Osterhoudt Sarah 
Published: February 2018

AbstractIn this article, I consider how local oral history narratives provide smallholder farmers with both material and symbolic resources in adapting to climate change. I draw from the case study of an agrarian village in Madagascar that was struck by a destructive category 3 cyclone. In the weeks following the storm, oral history knowledge occupied an increasingly visible role within the community, as younger farmers interacted with elders to hear tales of past storms. Through these shared accounts, people discussed specific techniques on how to cope with environmental uncertainty. They also created a sense of shared history, which provided individuals across generations an entry point into the local historical record. Overall, the process of sharing oral history accounts can contribute to community resilience, with resiliency encompassing not only technical or ecological factors, but also the more affective realms of shared legacies, hope and belonging.
Let-7 microRNA controls invasion-promoting lysosomal changes via the oncogenic transcription factor myeloid zinc finger-1
Authors: Tvingsholm Siri Amanda , Hansen Malene Bredahl , Clemmensen Knut Kristoffer Bundgaard , Brix Ditte Marie , Rafn Bo , Frankel Lisa B , Louhimo Riku , Moreira José , Hautaniemi Sampsa , Gromova Irina , Jäättelä Marja , Kallunki Tuula 
Published: February 2018

AbstractCancer cells utilize lysosomes for invasion and metastasis. Myeloid Zinc Finger1 (MZF1) is an ErbB2-responsive transcription factor that promotes invasion of breast cancer cells via upregulation of lysosomal cathepsins B and L. Here we identify let-7 microRNA, a well-known tumor suppressor in breast cancer, as a direct negative regulator of MZF1. Analysis of primary breast cancer tissues reveals a gradual upregulation of MZF1 from normal breast epithelium to invasive ductal carcinoma and a negative correlation between several let-7 family members and MZF1 mRNA, suggesting that the inverse regulatory relationship between let-7 and MZF1 may play a role in the development of invasive breast cancer. Furthermore, we show that MZF1 regulates lysosome trafficking in ErbB2-positive breast cancer cells. In line with this, MZF1 depletion or let-7 expression inhibits invasion-promoting anterograde trafficking of lysosomes and invasion of ErbB2-expressing MCF7 spheres. The results presented here link MZF1 and let-7 to lysosomal processes in ErbB2-positive breast cancer cells that in non-cancerous cells have primarily been connected to the transcription factor EB. Identifying MZF1 and let-7 as regulators of lysosome distribution in invasive breast cancer cells, uncouples cancer-associated, invasion-promoting lysosomal alterations from normal lysosomal functions and thus opens up new possibilities for the therapeutic targeting of cancer lysosomes.
Targeted production of reactive oxygen species in mitochondria to overcome cancer drug resistance
Authors: Wang Hai , Gao Zan , Liu Xuanyou , Agarwal Pranay , Zhao Shuting , Conroy Daniel W. , Ji Guang , Yu Jianhua , Jaroniec Christopher P. , Liu Zhenguo , Lu Xiongbin , Li Xiaodong , He Xiaoming 
Published: February 2018

AbstractMultidrug resistance is a major challenge to cancer chemotherapy. The multidrug resistance phenotype is associated with the overexpression of the adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-driven transmembrane efflux pumps in cancer cells. Here, we report a lipid membrane-coated silica-carbon (LSC) hybrid nanoparticle that targets mitochondria through pyruvate, to specifically produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) in mitochondria under near-infrared (NIR) laser irradiation. The ROS can oxidize the NADH into NAD+ to reduce the amount of ATP available for the efflux pumps. The treatment with LSC nanoparticles and NIR laser irradiation also reduces the expression and increases the intracellular distribution of the efflux pumps. Consequently, multidrug-resistant cancer cells lose their multidrug resistance capability for at least 5 days, creating a therapeutic window for chemotherapy. Our in vivo data show that the drug-laden LSC nanoparticles in combination with NIR laser treatment can effectively inhibit the growth of multidrug-resistant tumors with no evident systemic toxicity.
Influences of organic carbon speciation on hyporheic corridor biogeochemistry and microbial ecology
Authors: Stegen James C. , Johnson Tim , Fredrickson James K. , Wilkins Michael J. , Konopka Allan E. , Nelson William C. , Arntzen Evan V. , Chrisler William B. , Chu Rosalie K. , Fansler Sarah J. , Graham Emily B. , Kennedy David W. , Resch Charles T. , Tfaily Malak , Zachara John 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThe hyporheic corridor (HC) encompasses the river–groundwater continuum, where the mixing of groundwater (GW) with river water (RW) in the HC can stimulate biogeochemical activity. Here we propose a novel thermodynamic mechanism underlying this phenomenon and reveal broader impacts on dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and microbial ecology. We show that thermodynamically favorable DOC accumulates in GW despite lower DOC concentration, and that RW contains thermodynamically less-favorable DOC, but at higher concentrations. This indicates that GW DOC is protected from microbial oxidation by low total energy within the DOC pool, whereas RW DOC is protected by lower thermodynamic favorability of carbon species. We propose that GW–RW mixing overcomes these protections and stimulates respiration. Mixing models coupled with geophysical and molecular analyses further reveal tipping points in spatiotemporal dynamics of DOC and indicate important hydrology–biochemistry–microbial feedbacks. Previously unrecognized thermodynamic mechanisms regulated by GW–RW mixing may therefore strongly influence biogeochemical and microbial dynamics in riverine ecosystems.
Methylation profiling identifies two subclasses of squamous cell carcinoma related to distinct cells of origin
Authors: Rodríguez-Paredes Manuel , Bormann Felix , Raddatz Günter , Gutekunst Julian , Lucena-Porcel Carlota , Köhler Florian , Wurzer Elisabeth , Schmidt Katrin , Gallinat Stefan , Wenck Horst , Röwert-Huber Joachim , Denisova Evgeniya , Feuerbach Lars , Park Jeongbin , Brors Benedikt , Herpel Esther , Nindl Ingo , Hofmann Thomas G. , Winnefeld Marc , Lyko Frank 
Published: February 2018

AbstractCutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is the second most common skin cancer and usually progresses from a UV-induced precancerous lesion termed actinic keratosis (AK). Despite various efforts to characterize these lesions molecularly, the etiology of AK and its progression to cSCC remain partially understood. Here, we use Infinium MethylationEPIC BeadChips to interrogate the DNA methylation status in healthy, AK and cSCC epidermis samples. Importantly, we show that AK methylation patterns already display classical features of cancer methylomes and are highly similar to cSCC profiles. Further analysis identifies typical features of stem cell methylomes, such as reduced DNA methylation age, non-CpG methylation, and stem cell-related keratin and enhancer methylation patterns. Interestingly, this signature is detected only in half of the samples, while the other half shows patterns more closely related to healthy epidermis. These findings suggest the existence of two subclasses of AK and cSCC emerging from distinct keratinocyte differentiation stages.
Locating multiple diffusion sources in time varying networks from sparse observations
Authors: Hu Zhao-Long , Shen Zhesi , Cao Shinan , Podobnik Boris , Yang Huijie , Wang Wen-Xu , Lai Ying-Cheng 
Published: February 2018

AbstractData based source localization in complex networks has a broad range of applications. Despite recent progress, locating multiple diffusion sources in time varying networks remains to be an outstanding problem. Bridging structural observability and sparse signal reconstruction theories, we develop a general framework to locate diffusion sources in time varying networks based solely on sparse data from a small set of messenger nodes. A general finding is that large degree nodes produce more valuable information than small degree nodes, a result that contrasts that for static networks. Choosing large degree nodes as the messengers, we find that sparse observations from a few such nodes are often sufficient for any number of diffusion sources to be located for a variety of model and empirical networks. Counterintuitively, sources in more rapidly varying networks can be identified more readily with fewer required messenger nodes.
The influence of the peripheral cortisol fluctuation on the success rate of adrenal venous sampling
Authors: Chang Chin-Chen , Lee Bo-Ching , Liu Kao-Lang , Chang Yeun-Chung , Wu Vin-Cent , Huang Kuo-How , Wu Tung-Hsin 
Published: February 2018

AbstractIn this retrospective study, we aimed to estimate the influence of fluctuating peripheral plasma cortisol concentration (PCC) on the success rate of non-stimulated adrenal venous sampling (AVS) and to demonstrate its fluctuating pattern. Overall, 107 consecutive patients with primary aldosteronism undergoing AVS between July 2015–January 2017 were included. The peripheral vein was sampled at 4 separate time points during the procedure: after femoral puncture, during left adrenal sampling, during right adrenal sampling, and before procedural ending. The selectivity index (SI) was calculated using the highest, the lowest, and the simultaneous sampled peripheral PCC. The highest and lowest peripheral PCC significantly differed (p < 0.001) ranging from a 113% increase to a 55% decrease, respectively, and significant correlation between the degree of the peripheral PCC fluctuation and the inter-sampling time length was found (p < 0.001). There was significant difference in the success rate of the groups using different peripheral PCC: highest and lowest (SI cutoff value 2 and 3), highest and simultaneous (2 and 3), and lowest and simultaneous (3). Altogether, we found significant variation of the peripheral PCC during AVS and the success rate for non-stimulated AVS altered significantly using the peripheral PCC at different time points.
Biogenic corrosion inhibitor on mild steel protection in concentrated HCl medium
Authors: Krishnan Muthukumar , Subramanian Harinee , Dahms Hans-Uwe , Sivanandham Vignesh , Seeni Palanichamy , Gopalan Subramanian , Mahalingam Ashok , Rathinam Arthur James 
Published: February 2018

AbstractTurbinaria ornata(TO) extract was tested as green corrosion inhibitor on mild steel (MS) coupons in conc. HCl medium with an efficiency of 100% at 25 g l−1during 5 min exposure. Antibacterial efficacy performed against 16 S rDNA identified marine biofilming bacteria (MBB) and human pathogenic bacteria (HPB). Maximum inhibition growth was 16 mm on MBB observed inBacillus megaterium(MBF14 - AB894827) and 20 mm on HPB inEscherichia coli(B5 - NCIM 2931). Similarly, minimum of 10 mm on MBB witnessed inPseudomonassp., (MBF9 - AB894829). Toxicity studies proved 50.0% LC50at 500 μg ml−1in 24 hrs, whereasBalanus amphitriteresulted in 100% mortality within 12 hrs. Results including weight loss, potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, FT-IR and GC-MS confirm 10-Octadecaonic acid as a major corrosion inhibitor fromT. ornataand is discovered as a novel antifoulant. Anticorrosion formulation will become available soon.
Glucose repression can be alleviated by reducing glucose phosphorylation rate in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Lane Stephan , Xu Haiqing , Oh Eun Joong , Kim Heejin , Lesmana Anastashia , Jeong Deokyeol , Zhang Guochang , Tsai Ching-Sung , Jin Yong-Su , Kim Soo Rin 
Published: February 2018

AbstractMicroorganisms commonly exhibit preferential glucose consumption and diauxic growth when cultured in mixtures of glucose and other sugars. Although various genetic perturbations have alleviated the effects of glucose repression on consumption of specific sugars, a broadly applicable mechanism remains unknown. Here, we report that a reduction in the rate of glucose phosphorylation alleviates the effects of glucose repression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Through adaptive evolution under a mixture of xylose and the glucose analog 2-deoxyglucose, we isolated a mutant strain capable of simultaneously consuming glucose and xylose. Genome sequencing of the evolved mutant followed by CRISPR/Cas9-based reverse engineering revealed that mutations in the glucose phosphorylating enzymes (Hxk1, Hxk2, Glk1) were sufficient to confer simultaneous glucose and xylose utilization. We then found that varying hexokinase expression with an inducible promoter led to the simultaneous utilization of glucose and xylose. Interestingly, no mutations in sugar transporters occurred during the evolution, and no specific transporter played an indispensable role in simultaneous sugar utilization. Additionally, we demonstrated that slowing glucose consumption also enabled simultaneous utilization of glucose and galactose. These results suggest that the rate of intracellular glucose phosphorylation is a decisive factor for metabolic regulations of mixed sugars.