bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metabolites Unravel Nutraceutical Potential of Edible Seaweeds: An Emerging Source of Functional Food
Authors: Tanna Bhakti , Mishra Avinash 
Published: October 2018

AbstractFunctional foods are nutritional compounds which also provide health and medicinal benefits. Daily food intake has much impact on the quality of life, and therefore inclusion of functional foods is now essential to our diet. Nutraceuticals are neither food nor drug but are added to food to provide extra nutritional and physiological properties. Though nutraceutical compounds provide minimal actions, their regular involvement in the diet can provide major and long‐term health benefits. Global demand for additional and sustainable biomass for the production of important metabolites with nutraceutical potential has resulted in renewed interest in seaweeds. Seaweeds have been consumed from ancient times in Asian areas, and in recent times they have been demonstrated to possess many medicinal effects. Seaweeds are considered a rich source of various nutritional ingredients and metabolites that have pharmaceutical properties. It has been observed that total protein, from terrestrial plants such as soybean and wheat, produces an allergic response on consumption. Therefore, seaweed proteins can be considered a promising source for food industries. Overall, seaweeds are a rich source of PUFAs, metabolites, proteins, sulfated polysaccharides, vitamins, and minerals, which are all responsible for different bioactivities; they are therefore considered a promising functional food (nutraceutical). In this review we discuss the nutraceutical potential of seaweeds regarding different metabolites (primary and secondary), variation in composition, probable biological applications, limitations, research gaps, and future prospects.
Effects of Uremic Serum Residue on OATP1B1‐ and OATP1B3‐Mediated Pravastatin Uptake in OATP‐Expressing HEK293 Cells and Human Hepatocytes
Authors: Uchiyama Hitoshi , Tsujimoto Masayuki , Kimura Akari , Yuki Eriko , Saiki Takashi , Yoshida Takuya , Furukubo Taku , Izumi Satoshi , Yamakawa Tomoyuki , Tachiki Hidehisa , Minegaki Tetsuya , Nishiguchi Kohshi 
Published: October 2018

AbstractPatients with end‐stage renal disease have increased plasma concentrations of statins, which is a risk factor for rhabdomyolysis, as well as elevated levels of uremic toxins (UTs). We investigated the effects of uremic serum residue and UTs on organic anion‐transporting peptide (OATP1B1)‐ and OATP1B3‐mediated pravastatin uptake. We evaluated the effects of normal serum residue with four UTs (hippuric acid, 3‐carboxy‐4‐methyl‐5‐propyl‐2‐furan propionate, indole‐3‐acetic acid, and 3‐indoxyl sulfate) and uremic serum residue on pravastatin uptake by OATP1B1‐ or OATP1B3‐expressing HEK293 cells. Furthermore, we assessed the contribution of each transporter using cryopreserved human hepatocytes. Uremic serum residue and UTs significantly inhibited OATP1B1‐mediated pravastatin uptake. Uremic serum residue accelerated OATP1B3‐mediated pravastatin uptake, while UTs had no effect. There was no difference in pravastatin uptake between uremic‐ and normal serum residue‐treated hepatocytes. The results suggest that the effects of uremic serum on pravastatin hepatic uptake may be considered negligible in end‐stage renal disease patients.
Effects of Mono‐, Di‐, and Tri‐Saccharides on the Stability and Crystallization of Amorphous Sucrose
Authors: Thorat Alpana A. , Forny Laurent , Meunier Vincent , Taylor Lynne S. , Mauer Lisa J. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractAmorphous sucrose is a component of many food products but is prone to crystallize over time, thereby altering product quality and limiting shelf‐life. A systematic investigation was conducted to determine the effects of two monosaccharides (glucose and fructose), five disaccharides (lactose, maltose, trehalose, isomaltulose, and cellobiose), and two trisaccharides (maltotriose and raffinose) on the stability of amorphous sucrose in lyophilized two‐component sucrose‐saccharide blends exposed to different relative humidity (RH) and temperature environmental conditions relevant for food product storage. Analyses included X‐ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, microscopy, and moisture content determination, as well as crystal structure overlays. All lyophiles were initially amorphous, but during storage the presence of an additional saccharide tended to delay sucrose crystallization. All samples remained amorphous when stored at 11% and 23% RH at 22 °C, but increasing the RH to 33% RH and/or increasing the temperature to 40 °C resulted in variations in crystallization onset times. Monosaccharide additives were less effective sucrose crystallization inhibitors relative to di‐ and tri‐saccharides. Within the group of di‐ and tri‐saccharides, effectiveness depended on the specific saccharide added, and no clear trends were observed with saccharide molecular weight and other commonly studied factors such as system glass transition temperature. Molecular level interactions, as evident in crystal structure overlays of the added saccharides and sucrose and morphological differences in crystals formed, appeared to contribute to the effectiveness of a di‐ or tri‐saccharide in delaying sucrose crystallization. In conclusion, several di‐ and tri‐saccharides show promise for use as additives to delay the crystallization kinetics of amorphous sucrose during storage at moderate temperatures and low RH conditions.Practical ApplicationAmorphous sucrose is desirable in a variety of food products, wherein crystallization can be problematic for texture and shelf‐life. This study documents how different mono‐, di‐, and tri‐saccharides influence the crystallization of sucrose. Monosaccharide additives were less effective sucrose crystallization inhibitors relative to di‐ and tri‐saccharides. These findings increase the understanding of how different mono‐, di‐, and tri‐saccharide structures and their solid‐state properties influence the crystallization of amorphous sucrose and show that several di‐ and tri‐saccharides have potential for use as sucrose crystallization inhibitors.
Speckle tracking‐vs conventional echocardiography for the detection of myocardial injury—A study on patients with subarachnoid haemorrhage
Authors: Dalla Keti , Bech‐Hanssen Odd , Oras Jonatan , Naredi Silvana , Ricksten Sven‐Erik 
Published: October 2018

BackgroundMyocardial injury with regional wall motion abnormalities (RWMA) is common in subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH). We hypothesized that the diagnostic performance of left ventricular (LV) global and regional longitudinal strain (GLS and RLS, respectively), assessed with speckle tracking echocardiography is superior to standard echocardiography for the detection of myocardial injury in SAH.MethodsSeventy‐one unselected patients with verified SAH were included. Echocardiography was performed within 48 hours after admission. hsTnT was followed daily up to 3 days post‐admission. RWMA, LV ejection fraction (LVEF), GLS and RLS were analysed by two experienced echocardiographists, blinded to the information on plasma hsTnT. A reduced GLS was defined as >−15%. Two cut‐off levels were used for the definition of RLS, ie when segmental strain was >−15% (liberal) or >−11% (conservative) in ≥2 adjacent segments. Myocardial injury was defined as a peak hsTnT ≥90 ng/L.ResultsThe incidence of myocardial injury was 25%. The hsTnT (median, 25% and 75% percentile) in patients with (a) reduced LV ejection fraction (LVEF <50%, n = 10) was 502 (175‐718), (b) RWMA (n = 12) was 648 (337‐750), (c) reduced GLS (n = 12) was 502 (132‐750) and (d) reduced RLS (n = 42) was 40 (10‐216), respectively. The specificity/sensitivity for LVEF, RWMA, GLS and RLS to detect myocardial injury 98%/50%, 100%/67%, 96%/56% and 54%/94%, respectively. The intra‐ and inter‐observer variability for assessment of RLS was high.ConclusionThe diagnostic performance of GLS by strain imaging is not superior to standard echocardiography for the detection of myocardial injury in SAH. RLS could not reliably detect regional myocardial injury.
A Whole Methylome Study of Ethanol Exposure in Brain and Blood: An Exploration of the Utility of Peripheral Blood as Proxy Tissue for Brain in Alcohol Methylation Studies
Authors: Clark Shaunna L. , Costin Blair N. , Chan Robin F. , Johnson Alexander W. , Xie Linying , Jurmain Jessica L. , Kumar Gaurav , Shabalin Andrey A. , Pandey Ashutosh K. , Aberg Karolina A. , Miles Michael F. , van den Oord Edwin 
Published: October 2018

BackgroundRecent reviews have highlighted the potential use of blood‐based methylation biomarkers as diagnostic and prognostic tools of current and future alcohol use and addiction. Due to the substantial overlap that often exists between methylation patterns across different tissues, including blood and brain, blood‐based methylation may track methylation changes in brain; however, little work has explored the overlap in alcohol‐related methylation in these tissues.MethodsTo study the effects of alcohol on the brain methylome and identify possible biomarkers of these changes in blood, we performed a methylome‐wide association study in brain and blood from 40 male DBA/2J mice that received either an acute ethanol (EtOH) or saline intraperitoneal injection. To investigate all 22 million CpGs in the mouse genome, we enriched for the methylated genomic fraction using methyl‐CpG binding domain (MBD) protein capture followed by next‐generation sequencing (MBD‐seq). We performed association tests in blood and brain separately followed by enrichment testing to determine whether there was overlapping alcohol‐related methylation in the 2 tissues.ResultsThe top result for brain was a CpG located in an intron of Ttc39b (p = 5.65 × 10−08), and for blood, the top result was located in Espnl (p = 5.11 × 10−08). Analyses implicated pathways involved in inflammation and neuronal differentiation, such as CXCR4, IL‐7, and Wnt signaling. Enrichment tests indicated significant overlap among the top results in brain and blood. Pathway analyses of the overlapping genes converge on MAPKinase signaling (p = 5.6 × 10−05) which plays a central role in acute and chronic responses to alcohol and glutamate receptor pathways, which can regulate neuroplastic changes underlying addictive behavior.ConclusionsOverall, we have shown some methylation changes in brain and blood after acute EtOH administration and that the changes in blood partly mirror the changes in brain suggesting the potential for DNA methylation in blood to be biomarkers of alcohol use.
Interventionist research in accounting: reflections on the good, the bad and the ugly
Authors: Baard Vicki C. , Dumay John 
Published: October 2018

AbstractOur paper advances understanding of interventionist research (IVR) as a qualitative accounting research approach. It reflects on the potential value, challenges and key issues, as manifested by the good, the bad and the ugly. The reflection contributes towards clarifying the IVR landscape, thereby forging a future path for IVR as a legitimate qualitative methodology, to enthuse qualitative researchers to produce accounting research relevant to theory, practice and society. The primary contribution is synthesising the interventionist theory and practice literature encompassing a view of the good, the bad and the ugly in interventionist accounting research.
Influence of canal curvature on the amount of apically extruded debris determined by using three‐dimensional determination method
Authors: Karataslioglu Emrah , Arslan Hakan , Er Gamze , Avci Ece 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe aim of this study was to introduce a new three‐dimensional curvature classification method to evaluate the canal curvature and analyse its effect on the amount of debris extrusion during reciprocating preparation. Freshly extracted mandibular molar teeth were collected. After performing access cavities, periapical radiographs were taken on both mesio‐distal and bucco‐lingual planes of each tooth using a digital sensor. The radii of the curvature were calculated and a new three‐dimensional classification method was used to classify canal curvature, based on radius as follows: Three‐dimensionally slight, moderate and severe curve root canal. Fifteen teeth for each curvature sort were randomly chosen for canal instrumentation. The extruded debris was collected in pre‐weighed Eppendorf tubes and calculated. A significant difference was noted between root canals with slight and severe three‐dimensional curvatures (P < 0.001). It can be concluded that root canal curvature plays a significant role in the amount of extruded debris.
Three‐dimensional CT examination of the forefoot and hindfoot of the hippopotamus and tapir during a semiaquatic walking
Authors: Endo Hideki , Yoshida Masataka , Nguyen Truong Son , Akiba Yuki , Takeda Masahiro , Kudo Kohei 
Published: October 2018

AbstractSemiaquatic walking has resulted in the evolution of functional and morphological changes in various hoofed mammals, such as hippopotamus and Brazilian tapir. The biomechanics of skilful walking in wetlands or at the bottom of a waterbody involve the medio‐lateral opening and closing of the feet to effectively support and stabilize the body on soft ground and to reduce the water resistance during recovery stroke, respectively. We demonstrate that the opening and closing of the feet in hippopotamus and Brazilian tapir are mediated by the adduction and abduction of the most medial and lateral phalanges from the CT examination. The axial toes, metacarpals and metatarsals do not contribute to changes in the width and shape of the feet, unlike the medial and lateral toes. We suggest that this semiaquatic walking motion is derived from the original terrestrial mode of locomotion, in contrast to the highly functional swimming motion using webs or fins in morphologically modified feet and tail. From the present data we demonstrate that semiaquatic locomotion evolved due to the acquisition of adductor–abductor mobility in the phalanges of the most medial and lateral digits, as shown in hippopotamus and Brazilian tapir.
Discordance between subjective and objective evaluations of cognitive function in old Japanese patients with heart failure
Authors: Saito Hiroshi , Matsue Yuya , Suzuki Makoto , Kamiya Kentaro , Hasegawa Yuki , Endo Yoshiko , Negishi Yuri , Hirano Miki , Takanashi Kumi , Iizuka Hiromi , Matsumura Akihiko , Hashimoto Yuji 
Published: October 2018

ObjectivesAlthough cognitive impairment is common among patients with chronic heart failure (HF), the accuracy with which caregivers can recognize it is unknown. This study aimed to examine the degree to which subjective and objective evaluations coincide.MethodsCognitive function was evaluated subjectively and objectively in 184 hospitalized patients aged 65 or older (82 ± 7.2 years old and 49% male) with HF, who were divided into three groups: (i) normal; (ii) mild cognitive impairment; and (iii) severe cognitive impairment.ResultsThe intrapatient agreement of the results of subjective and objective evaluations was tested, and weighted κ coefficients showed poor agreement (0.54, 95% confidence interval: 0.42–0.66, P < 0.001).ConclusionSubjective and objective cognitive function evaluations in older patients with HF are poorly concordant.
Impact of donor tissue diameter on postoperative central endothelial cell density in Descemet Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty
Authors: Schrittenlocher Silvia , Bachmann Björn , Cursiefen Claus 
Published: October 2018

AbstractPurposeTo assess the effect of donor tissue diameter in Descemet Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty (DMEK) on postoperative endothelial cell density (ECD) mainly in Fuchs Endothelial Corneal Dystrophy (FECD) patients.MethodsRetrospective review of 693 consecutive DMEK surgeries from the prospective Cologne DMEK database performed between 07/2011 and 07/2016 at the Department of Ophthalmology, University of Cologne. Eight‐ versus ten‐millimetre large donor DMEK grafts of two different surgeons using identical surgical techniques were compared.ResultsA total of 693 consecutive DMEK surgeries were included. Two groups (8 versus 10 mm DMEK graft diameter) were compared: 23% of eyes received 8‐mm grafts (group 1, n = 160) and 77% 10‐mm grafts (group 2, n = 533). Mean preoperative ECD (±SD) of donor tissue was 2736 ± 224 cells/mm2 in group 1 and 2714 ± 232 in group 2. Group 1 showed a mean ECD of 1740 ± 439 cells/mm2 (mean ± SD; n = 67) 12 months after DMEK compared to 1664 ± 404 cells/mm2 (mean ± SD; n = 344) in group 2. The difference between the 6‐ and 12‐month ECD of both groups was not significant (p = 0.675; p = 0.161). Total decrease in ECD 6‐ and 12‐months postoperatively was 38 ± 14 (n = 128) and 36 ± 16% in group 1 (n = 66) versus 37 ± 15% (n = 398) and 38 ± 15% in group 2 (n = 342; p = 0.414; p = 0.198, respectively).ConclusionOur data suggest that postoperative central endothelial cell density is not significantly associated with DMEK graft diameters in the range of 8–10 mm in cases with healthy peripheral host endothelium (such as FECD).
Comparison between 90‐degree and 360‐degree selective laser trabeculoplasty (SLT): A 2‐year follow‐up
Authors: Tawfique Kozar , Khademi Pardis , Quérat Laurence , Khadamy Joobin , Chen Enping 
Published: October 2018

AbstractPurposeTo compare the effect of 90‐ and 360‐degree selective laser trabeculoplasty (SLT) as primary or supplement therapy in patients with glaucoma and ocular hypertension (OHT).MethodsPatients (>30 years old) with OHT, primary open‐angle glaucoma (OAG), pigmentary glaucoma or pseudoexfoliative glaucoma were enrolled in a prospective randomized clinical trial. Patients were sequentially randomized to either 90‐ or 360‐degree SLT. Their intraocular pressure (IOP) was monitored.ResultsThe survival periods (in days) of the two extents (90 or 360 degrees) of treatment were not statistically significantly different (p = 0.85); only pretreatment IOP level could predict survival of treatment (p = 0.02).ConclusionThe 90‐degree SLT is as effective as 360‐degree SLT. Further studies are warranted to confirm the findings. High baseline IOP could be a factor that predicts treatment success.
Letter: acute liver failure of indeterminate aetiology
Authors: Fujiwara Keiichi , Yasui Shin , Yokosuka Osamu , Kato Naoya 
Published: October 2018

Linked ContentThis article is linked to Brennan et al papers. To view these articles visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.14566 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.14975.
Male gender, active smoking and previous intestinal resection are risk factors for post‐operative endoscopic recurrence in Crohn's disease: results from a prospective cohort study
Authors: Auzolle Claire , Nancey Stephane , Tran‐Minh My‐Linh , Buisson Anthony , Pariente Benjamin , Stefanescu Carmen , Fumery Mathurin , Marteau Philippe , Treton Xavier , Hammoudi Nassim ,   REMIND Study Group Investigators, Jouven Xavier , Seksik Philippe , Allez Matthieu 
Published: October 2018

SummaryBackgroundAfter ileocaecal resection for Crohn's disease (CD), inflammatory lesions frequently recur on the anastomosis and/or on the neo‐terminal ileum.AimTo identify predictors of early post‐operative endoscopic recurrence.MethodsFrom September 2010 to September 2017, the REMIND group conducted a prospective nationwide study in nine French academic centres. Data were collected at the time of surgery and endoscopy, performed 6‐12 months after surgery. Endoscopic recurrence was defined as a Rutgeerts score ≥i2. Baseline factors associated with endoscopic recurrence were searched by univariate and multivariate regression analysis.ResultsTwo hundred and eighty‐nine CD patients were included. Endoscopy within 1 year following surgery was performed in 225 (78%) patients (104M/121F). Mean age and disease duration were 35 (12.2) and 8.8 (8.9) years respectively. Seventy (32%) patients were active smokers at surgery. One hundred and forty‐two (63%) patients received at least one anti‐TNF therapy before surgery. After surgery, 40 (18%) patients received thiopurines and 66 (29%) received an anti‐TNF agent. Endoscopic recurrence occurred in 107 (47%) patients. In multivariate analysis, male gender (OR = 2.48 [IC 95% 1.40‐4.46]), active smoking at surgery (OR = 2.65 [IC 95% 1.44‐4.97]) and previous resection (OR = 3.03 [IC 95% 1.36‐7.12]) were associated with a higher risk of endoscopic recurrence. Inversely, post‐operative anti‐TNF treatment decreased the risk of endoscopic recurrence (OR = 0.50 [IC 95% 0.25‐0.96]).ConclusionsMale gender, active smoking at surgery and previous intestinal resection are associated with a higher risk of endoscopic post‐operative recurrence, while post‐operative anti‐TNF treatment is associated with a lower risk.
Letter: overcoming secondary loss of response to infliximab—it is not the drug, it is how you use it!
Authors: van Langenberg Daniel R. , Vasudevan Abhinav 
Published: October 2018

Linked ContentThis article is linked to Dreesen et al papers. To view these articles visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.14452 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.14974.
Letter: overcoming secondary loss of response to infliximab—it is not the drug, it is how you use it! Authors’ reply
Authors: Dreesen Erwin , Gils Ann 
Published: October 2018

Linked ContentThis article is linked to Dreesen et al and Langenberg and Vasudevan papers. To view these articles visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.14452 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.14959.
Letter: acute liver failure of indeterminate aetiology—Authors’ reply
Authors: Brennan Paul N. , Donnelly Mhairi C. , Simpson Kenneth J. 
Published: October 2018

Linked ContentThis article is linked to Brennan et al and Fujiwara et al papers. To view these articles visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.14566 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.14931.
Letter: long‐term treatment of severe bile acid diarrhoea—obeticholic acid can normalise SeHCAT retention
Authors: Walters Julian R. F. 
Published: October 2018

Linked ContentThis article is linked to Damsgaard et al papers. To view these articles visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.14533 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.14996.
Letter: microwave vs radiofrequency ablation for hepatocellular carcinoma within the Milan criteria—Authors’ reply
Authors: Liu Wenwu , Li Binkui , Yuan Yunfei 
Published: October 2018

Linked ContentThis article is linked to Liu et al and Donnelly and Zhang et al papers. To view these articles visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.14529 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.14966.
Letter: the association between the use of different proton pump inhibitors and microscopic colitis should be re‐evaluated—author's reply
Authors: Bonderup Ole K. 
Published: October 2018

Linked ContentThis article is linked to Bonderup, and Tao and Wang papers. To view these articles visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.14916 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.14981.