bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dimension Theory and Degenerations of de Jonquières Divisors
Authors: Ungureanu Mara 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThis paper aims at settling the issue of the validity of the de Jonquières formulas. Consider the space of divisors with prescribed multiplicity, or de Jonquières divisors, contained in a linear series on a smooth projective curve. Under the assumption that this space is zero dimensional, the de Jonquières formulas compute the expected number of de Jonquières divisors. Using degenerations to nodal curves we show that, for a general curve equipped with a complete linear series, the space is of expected dimension, which shows that the counts are in fact true. This implies that in the case of negative expected dimension a general linear series on a general curve does not admit de Jonquières divisors of the expected type.
Glycopeptidolipid Genotype Correlates With the Severity of Mycobacterium abscessus Lung Disease
Authors: Li Bing , Ye Meiping , Zhao Lan , Guo Qi , Chen Jianhui , Xu Benyong , Zhan Mengling , Zhang Yongjie , Zhang Zhemin , Chu Haiqing 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackgroundSmooth and rough colony morphotypes of Mycobacterium abscessus are associated with virulence, but some isolates form both smooth and rough colonies, impeding successful morphotype identification. Reportedly, smooth/rough morphotypes are also related to the glycopeptidolipid (GPL) genotype. However, the accuracy of GPL genotyping to discriminate morphotypes and the relationship between GPL genotype and clinical characteristics of M abscessus lung disease have not been verified.MethodsA retrospective analysis of colony morphology, GPL genotype, and clinical data from 182 patients with M abscessus lung disease was conducted.ResultsOf 194 clinical isolates, 126 (65.0%), 15 (7.7%), and 53 (27.3%) exhibited rough, smooth, and mixed colony morphotypes, respectively. Glycopeptidolipid genotyping indicated that 86.7% (13 of 15) of smooth isolates belonged to the GPL-wild type (WT) group, whereas 98.4% (124 of 126) of rough isolates belonged to the GPL-mutant type (MUT) group. Therefore, GPL genotyping accurately distinguished between smooth and rough morphotypes. Mixed colony morphotypes were also divided into GPL-WT (18.9%) and GPL-MUT (81.1%) groups. Further analysis revealed that patients infected with the GPL-MUT group presented with significantly worse baseline clinical characteristics and exacerbated episodes of lung disease.ConclusionsGlycopeptidolipid genotyping accurately distinguishes smooth and rough colony morphotypes. Patients infected with the GPL-MUT genotype exhibit worse clinical characteristics and are at a higher risk of exacerbated lung disease.
A Pandrug-Resistant Providencia Carrying Two blaIMP Carbapenemase-Encoding Genes Including blaIMP-69, a New blaIMP Variant, on a Newly Identified Worldwide-Distributed IncC Plasmid
Authors: Zhang Xiaoxia , Wang Chengcheng , Feng Yu , Long Haiyan , Zong Zhiyong 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Imipenemase (IMP) is a metallo-β-lactamase that confers resistance to almost all β-lactams. Identification of IMP genes is essential for understanding and combatting antibiotic resistance. In this study, we report a pandrug-resistant Providencia strain from a human rectal swab. This strain carried 2 blaIMP carbapenemase genes, blaIMP-69 and blaIMP-4. IMP-69 is a novel IMP variant with an amino acid substitution at A21T compared with IMP-8. blaIMP-69 was found in a blaIMP-69-aacA4 array of an integron on a 165-kilobase (kb) IncC self-transmissible plasmid, whereas blaIMP-4 was located in a blaIMP-4-qacG-aacA4-catB3 array of an integron on a 19-kb nonself-transmissible plasmid. Such coexistence has the potential to allow the generation of new, hybrid blaIMP variants by homologous recombination. The blaIMP-69-carrying IncC plasmid belonged to the core-genome plasmid multilocus sequence typing (cgPMLST) 3.5 type. We found that cgPMLST 3.5 IncC plasmids have been circulating worldwide for decades and may represent a common vehicle mediating the spread of antimicrobial resistance.
Applications of cerebrospinal fluid circulating tumor DNA in the diagnosis of gliomas
Authors: Zhao Zhenyu , Zhang Cheng , Li Mi , Shen Yiping , Feng Shiyu , Liu Jialin , Li Fangye , Hou Lei , Chen Zhong , Jiang Jingjing , Ma Xiaodong , Chen Ling , Yu Xinguang 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Objective
The 2016 World Health Organization (WHO) Classification of Tumors of the Central Nervous System (CNS) was revised to include molecular biomarkers as diagnostic criteria. However, conventional biopsies of gliomas were spatially and temporally limited. This study aimed to determine whether circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) from cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) could provide more comprehensive diagnostic information to gliomas.

Methods
Combined with clinical data, we analyzed gene alterations from CSF and tumor tissues of newly diagnosed patients, and detected mutations of ctDNA in recurrent patients. We simultaneously analyzed mutations of ctDNA in different glioma subtypes, and in lower-grade gliomas (LrGG) versus glioblastoma multiforme (GBM).

Results
CSF ctDNA mutations had high concordance rates with tumor DNA (tDNA). CSF ctDNA mutations of PTEN and TP53 were commonly detected in recurrent gliomas patients. IDH mutation was detected in most of CSF ctDNA derived from IDH-mutant diffuse astrocytomas, while CSF ctDNA mutations of RB1 and EGFR were found in IDH-wild-type GBM. IDH mutation was detected in LrGG, whereas Rb1 mutation was more commonly detected in GBM.

Conclusions
CSF ctDNA detection can be an alternative method as liquid biopsy in gliomas.
Automatic Kalman-filter-based wavelet shrinkage denoising of 1D stellar spectra
Authors: Gilda Sankalp , Slepian Zachary 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT
We propose a non-parametric method to denoise 1D stellar spectra based on wavelet shrinkage followed by adaptive Kalman thresholding. Wavelet shrinkage denoising involves applying the discrete wavelet transform (DWT) to the input signal, ‘shrinking’ certain frequency components in the transform domain, and then applying inverse DWT to the reduced components. The performance of this procedure is influenced by the choice of base wavelet, the number of decomposition levels, and the thresholding function. Typically, these parameters are chosen by ‘trial and error’, which can be strongly dependent on the properties of the data being denoised. We here introduce an adaptive Kalman-filter-based thresholding method that eliminates the need for choosing the number of decomposition levels. We use the ‘Haar’ wavelet basis, which we found to provide excellent filtering for 1D stellar spectra, at a low computational cost. We introduce various levels of Poisson noise into synthetic PHOENIX spectra, and test the performance of several common denoising methods against our own. It proves superior in terms of noise suppression and peak shape preservation. We expect it may also be of use in automatically and accurately filtering low signal-to-noise galaxy and quasar spectra obtained from surveys such as SDSS, Gaia, LSST, PESSTO, VANDELS, LEGA-C, and DESI.
Chromatin and other obstacles to base excision repair: potential roles in carcinogenesis
Authors: Caffrey Paul J , Delaney Sarah 
Published: September 2019

AbstractDNA is comprised of chemically reactive nucleobases that exist under a constant barrage from damaging agents. Failure to repair chemical modifications to these nucleobases can result in mutations that can cause various diseases, including cancer. Fortunately, the base excision repair (BER) pathway can repair modified nucleobases and prevent these deleterious mutations. However, this pathway can be hindered through several mechanisms. For instance, mutations to the enzymes in the BER pathway have been identified in cancers. Biochemical characterisation of these mutants has elucidated various mechanisms that inhibit their activity. Furthermore, the packaging of DNA into chromatin poses another obstacle to the ability of BER enzymes to function properly. Investigations of BER in the base unit of chromatin, the nucleosome core particle (NCP), have revealed that the NCP acts as a complex substrate for BER enzymes. The constituent proteins of the NCP, the histones, also have variants that can further impact the structure of the NCP and may modulate access of enzymes to the packaged DNA. These histone variants have also displayed significant clinical effects both in carcinogenesis and patient prognosis. This review focuses on the underlying molecular mechanisms that present obstacles to BER and the relationship of these obstacles to cancer. In addition, several chemotherapeutics induce DNA damage that can be repaired by the BER pathway and understanding obstacles to BER can inform how resistance and/or sensitivity to these therapies may occur. With the understanding of these molecular mechanisms, current chemotherapeutic treatment regiments may be improved, and future therapies developed.
The internal interaction in RBBP5 regulates assembly and activity of MLL1 methyltransferase complex
Authors: Han Jianming , Li Tingting , Li Yanjing , Li Muchun , Wang Xiaoman , Peng Chao , Su Chen , Li Na , Li Yiwen , Xu Ying , Chen Yong 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The Mixed Lineage Leukemia protein 1 (MLL1) plays an essential role in the maintenance of the histone H3 lysine 4 (H3K4) methylation status for gene expression during differentiation and development. The methyltransferase activity of MLL1 is regulated by three conserved core subunits, WDR5, RBBP5 and ASH2L. Here, we determined the structure of human RBBP5 and demonstrated its role in the assembly and regulation of the MLL1 complex. We identified an internal interaction between the WD40 propeller and the C-terminal distal region in RBBP5, which assisted the maintenance of the compact conformation of the MLL1 complex. We also discovered a vertebrate-specific motif in the C-terminal distal region of RBBP5 that contributed to nucleosome recognition and methylation of nucleosomes by the MLL1 complex. Our results provide new insights into functional conservation and evolutionary plasticity of the scaffold protein RBBP5 in the regulation of KMT2-family methyltransferase complexes.
AID–RNA polymerase II transcription-dependent deamination of IgV DNA
Authors: Pham Phuong , Malik Sohail , Mak Chiho , Calabrese Peter C , Roeder Robert G , Goodman Myron F 
Published: September 2019

AbstractActivation-induced deoxycytidine deaminase (AID) initiates somatic hypermutation (SHM) in immunoglobulin variable (IgV) genes to produce high-affinity antibodies. SHM requires IgV transcription by RNA polymerase II (Pol II). A eukaryotic transcription system including AID has not been reported previously. Here, we reconstitute AID-catalyzed deamination during Pol II transcription elongation in conjunction with DSIF transcription factor. C→T mutations occur at similar frequencies on non-transcribed strand (NTS) and transcribed strand (TS) DNA. In contrast, bacteriophage T7 Pol generates NTS mutations predominantly. AID-Pol II mutations are strongly favored in WRC and WGCW overlapping hot motifs (W = A or T, R = A or G) on both DNA strands. Single mutations occur on 70% of transcribed DNA clones. Mutations are correlated over a 15 nt distance in multiply mutated clones, suggesting that deaminations are catalyzed processively within a stalled or backtracked transcription bubble. Site-by-site comparisons for biochemical and human memory B-cell mutational spectra in an IGHV3-23*01 target show strongly favored deaminations occurring in the antigen-binding complementarity determining regions (CDR) compared to the framework regions (FW). By exhibiting consistency with B-cell SHM, our in vitro data suggest that biochemically defined reconstituted Pol II transcription systems can be used to investigate how, when and where AID is targeted.
GAD65 as a potential marker for cognitive performance in an adult population with prediabetes
Authors: Tsai C -K , Kao T -W , Lee J -T , Wang C -C , Chou C H , Liang C -S , Yang F -C , Chen W -L 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Background
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a well-known risk factor for cognitive dysfunction in aged populations. However, there are inconsistent reports about impaired fasting glucose or prediabetes as an independent risk factor for cognitive function. Glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (GAD65) is the key enzyme responsible for γ-aminobutyric acid synthesis in the central nervous system. Antibodies against GAD65 (GAD65Abs) are not only detected in approximately 80% of early-onset type 1 DM, but also linked to several neurological disorders.

Aim
This study aims to investigate the association between GAD65Ab titer levels and cognitive performance. In addition, we assessed the effect of GAD65Ab on cognitive function in adults with normal fasting glucose, prediabetes and DM.

Methods
A total of 328 subjects aged 49.10 ± 5.72 years were enrolled from the Third Health and Nutrition Examination Survey dataset. Cognitive performance was assessed by three computerized neurobehavioral tests, including the serial digit learning test, simple reaction time test (SRTT) and symbol-digit substitution test (SDST).

Results
Subjects with higher GAD65Ab titers had significantly poorer cognitive function in the SRTT and SDST (P &lt; 0.05). Additionally, GAD65Ab was associated with cognitive decline in non-diabetic adults after adjusting for a number of relevant variables (P &lt; 0.05 in both SRTT and SDST).

Conclusions
These results indicate that GAD65Ab may be a potential marker for cognitive impairment in non-diabetic adults.
Rootstock determines the drought resistance of poplar grafting combinations
Authors: Han Qingquan , Guo Qingxue , Korpelainen Helena , Niinemets Ülo , Li Chunyang 
Published: September 2019

AbstractTo increase yield and/or enhance resistance to diseases, grafting is often applied in agriculture and horticulture. Interspecific grafting could possibly be used in forestry as well to improve drought resistance, but our understanding of how the rootstock of a more drought-resistant species can affect the grafted plant is very limited. Reciprocal grafts of two poplar species, Populus cathayana Rehder (less drought-resistant, C) and Populus deltoides Bart. ex Marsh (more drought-resistant, D) were generated. Four grafting combinations (scion/rootstock: C/C, C/D, D/D and D/C) were subjected to well-watered and drought stress treatments. C/D and D/C had a higher diameter growth rate, leaf biomass, intrinsic water-use efficiency (WUEi) and total non-structural carbohydrate (NSC) content than C/C and D/D in well-watered condition. However, drought caused greater differences between P. deltoides-rooted and P. cathayana-rooted grafting combinations, especially between C/D and D/C. The C/D grafting combination showed higher resistance to drought, as indicated by a higher stem growth rate, net photosynthetic rate, WUEi, leaf water potential, proline concentration and NSC concentration and maintenance of integrity of the leaf cellular ultrastructure under drought when compared with D/C. D/C exhibited severely damaged cell membranes, mitochondria and chloroplasts under drought. The scion genotype caused a strong effect on the root proline concentration: the P. cathayana scion increased the root proline concentration more than the P. deltoides scion (C/C vs D/C and C/D vs D/D) under water deficit. Our results demonstrated that mainly the rootstock was responsible for the drought resistance of grafting combinations. Grafting of the P. cathayana scion onto P. deltoides rootstock resulted in superior growth and biomass when compared with the other three combinations both in well-watered and drought stress conditions.
Getting Objective About Subjective Age: Introduction to a Special Issue
Authors: Rudolph Cort W , Kunze Florian , Zacher Hannes 
Published: September 2019

AbstractResearchers have become increasingly interested in age-related constructs other than chronological age, which has been found to explain only small amounts of variance in many important work outcomes. In this editorial that accompanies our special issue of Work, Aging and Retirement on “the multitude of age constructs,” we seek to attain three related goals: First, we provide an overview of our editorial process. Second, we offer brief summaries of the five papers that are included in this special issue. Third, and perhaps representing our most substantive contribution here, we present answers to six “big picture” questions about subjective age to inform future scholarly work. We conclude that, although many important questions about alternative age constructs remain to be answered, the papers in this special issue represent excellent examples of novel work in this arena and suggest several opportunities for how future research could more rigorously and critically apply these constructs to the study of work, aging and retirement.
Workplace Subjective Age Multidimensionality: Generation, Age, Tenure, Experience (GATE)
Authors: North Michael S , Shakeri Angela 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Although less subjective age focused than other scholarly fields, organizational behavior (OB) faces a familiar challenge: comprehending an aging, increasingly age-diverse workforce, yet finding chronological age alone to be a limited predictor of key work outcomes (e.g., performance). A recent OB framework posits that going beyond chronological age necessitates disentangling distinct age-based constructs: perceived Generation (birth cohort), Age (life stage), Tenure (length of time with organization), and Experience (skill set accumulated over time; GATE). Although this framework originated as a means of enhancing predictions for a rapidly aging workforce, this commentary argues that GATE also provides a framework for understanding bases of subjective age itself, including an important distinction between more subjective elements (generation, life stage) versus more objective elements (tenure, experience). Future research on subjective age might well consider applying GATE elements in order to enhance a multidimensional understanding of subjective age underpinnings.
Patterns of Prescription Opioid Use in Women With Endometriosis: Evaluating Prolonged Use, Daily Dose, and Concomitant Use With Benzodiazepines
Authors: Lamvu Georgine , Soliman Ahmed M. , Manthena Shivaji R. , Gordon Keith , Knight Julie , Taylor Hugh S. 
Published: September 2019

(Abstracted from Obstet Gynecol 2019;133:1120–1130)
Misuse and abuse of prescription opioids has increased dramatically in recent years and is reported to be the fastest-growing drug problem in the United States. Of the more than 350,000 deaths attributed to opioid overdose since 1999, an estimated 40% involved prescription opioids.
Association of State Medicaid Expansion Status With Low Birth Weight and Preterm Birth
Authors: Brown Clare C. , Moore Jennifer E. , Felix Holly C. , Stewart M. Kathryn , Bird T. Mac , Lowery Curtis L. , Tilford J. Mick 
Published: September 2019

(Abstracted from JAMA 2019;321(16):1598–1609)
Prematurity and low birth weight contributed an estimated 36% to infant mortality in 2013 and are associated with adverse consequences, including increased risk of infant mortality and chronic health conditions throughout the infant's life. In the United States, rates of prematurity and birth weight are higher than in most developed nations, with black infants twice as likely than white infants to be born at low birth weight and 1.5 times as likely to be premature compared with white infants.
Vaginal Progesterone, Oral Progesterone, 17-OHPC, Cerclage, and Pessary for Preventing Preterm Birth in At-Risk Singleton Pregnancies: An Updated Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis
Authors: Jarde A. , Lutsiv O. , Beyene J. , McDonald S. D. 
Published: September 2019

(Abstracted from BJOG 2019;126(5):556–567)
Around the world, approximately 15 million pregnancies each year end in preterm birth (before 37 weeks' gestation), a major contributor to child morbidity and mortality. To reduce the risk of preterm birth for women at increased risk, interventions include progesterone, cervical cerclage, and cervical pessary.
CFTR Variants and Renal Abnormalities in Males With Congenital Unilateral Absence of the Vas Deferens (CUAVD): A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Observational Studies
Authors: Cai Hongcai , Qing Xingrong , Niringiyumukiza Jean Damascene , Zhan Xuxin , Mo Dunsheng , Zhou Yuanzhong , Shang Xuejun 
Published: September 2019

(Abstracted from Genet Med 2019;21(4):826–836.)
Congenital absence of the vas deferens (CAVD) is a urological disease classified into 3 subtypes: congenital bilateral absence of the vas deferens (CBAVD), congenital unilateral absence of the vas deferens (CUAVD), and congenital bilateral partial aplasia of the vas deferens. The most common subtype is CBAVD (prevalence of 1%–2%), but CUAVD (prevalence of 0.5%–1.0%) also may be discovered during evaluations for infertility or surgical procedures involving male genitalia.
Pelvic Organ Prolapse Repair Using the Uphold Vaginal Support System: 5-Year Follow-up
Authors: Rahkola-Soisalo Päivi , Mikkola Tomi S. , Altman Daniel , Falconer Christian 
Published: September 2019

(Abstracted from Female Pelvic Med Reconstr Surg 2019;25: 200–205)
Use of mesh-augmented pelvic organ prolapse repair is widely debated. Outcome measures of mesh-augmented repair such as symptom relief, prolapse recurrence, and complications largely derive from short-term evaluations with follow-up time ranging from 1 to 3 years.
DHEA Use to Improve Likelihood of IVF/ICSI Success in Patients With Diminished Ovarian Reserve: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Schwarze Juan Enrique , Canales Johana , Crosby Javier , Ortega-Hrepich Carolina , Villa Sonia , Pommer Ricardo 
Published: September 2019

(Abstracted from JBRA Assist Reprod 2018;22(4):369–374)
Despite advances in in vitro fertilization (IVF) and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), poor ovarian response (POR) remains a challenging issue. The frequency of POR is estimated to occur in 5% to 18% of IVF/ICSI cycles and has a corresponding pregnancy rate of 2% to 4%.
Eosinophilic otitis media and comorbid asthma
Authors: Seo Yukako , Nonaka Manabu , Pawankar Ruby 
Published: September 2019

Purpose of review
Eosinophilic otitis media (EOM) is an intractable otitis media characterized by numerous eosinophils infiltrating the middle ear cavity, which is part of the upper airway. EOM shows a high rate of comorbidity with asthma. They are considered to have a ‘one airway, one disease’ relationship. Here, we summarize our current knowledge regarding the characteristics of EOM, EOM's relationship with asthma and the efficacy of optimal treatments for EOM.

Recent findings
The greater the severity of asthma, the more pronounced the development of EOM. Asthma control is usually inadequate in asthmatics who develop EOM, and appropriate strengthening of asthma inhalation therapy leads to improvement in the EOM. EOM severity can be divided into mild, moderate, and severe. Intratympanic infusion therapy using a topical steroid such as triamcinolone acetone is effective for mild EOM, whereas moderate EOM requires a systemic steroid in addition to triamcinolone acetone, and severe EOM forms granulation tissue that requires surgical removal. Recently, the effectiveness of molecularly targeted drugs is being reported, but more data need to be accumulated.

Summary
EOM and asthma are closely related. Optimal asthma treatment is important for treating EOM. Treatments commensurate with the severity of EOM are being developed.