bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Do Consumers Think Front‐of‐Package “High in” Warnings are Harsh or Reduce their Control? A Test of Food Industry Concerns
Authors: Acton Rachel B. , Hammond David 
Published: October 2018

ObjectiveThis study aimed to test the industry claim that “high in” front‐of‐package (FOP) labeling systems are perceived as harsh and reduce consumers’ control over food choices.MethodsRespondents aged 16 to 32 years completed a between‐group experimental task in an online survey (n = 1,000). Participants viewed a beverage with one of four FOP labels (text‐only, octagon, triangle, or health star rating) and rated the label on its “harshness” and whether it made them feel more or less “in control” of their healthy eating decisions.ResultsAcross all label conditions, at least 88% of respondents indicated the symbols were “about right” or “not harsh enough.” At least 93% felt the symbols made them feel “more in control” or “neither less nor more in control.” Participants viewing the health star rating were more likely to rate the symbol as “not harsh enough” and less likely to state that the symbol made them feel “more in control.”ConclusionsThere was no evidence to support industry claims that consumers perceive “high in” FOP symbols as harsh or as restricting their control. Indeed, most participants reported that the symbols were about the right harshness, and that they increased their control, including “stop sign” FOP symbols similar to those implemented in Chile.
Tunable temperature‐ and shear‐responsive hydrogels based on poly(alkyl glycidyl ether)s
Authors: Fellin Christopher R , Adelmund Steven M , Karis Dylan G , Shafranek Ryan T , Ono Robert J , Martin Cecilia G , Johnston Trevor G , DeForest Cole A , Nelson Alshakim 
Published: October 2018

AbstractWe describe the synthesis, characterization and direct‐write 3D printing of triblock copolymer hydrogels that have a tunable response to temperature and shear stress. In aqueous solutions, these polymers utilize the temperature‐dependent self‐association of poly(alkyl glycidyl ether) ‘A’ blocks and a central poly(ethylene oxide) segment to create a physically crosslinked three‐dimensional network. The temperature response of these hydrogels was dependent upon composition, chain length and concentration of the ‘A’ block in the copolymer. Rheological experiments confirmed the existence of sol–gel transitions and the shear‐thinning behavior of the hydrogels. The temperature‐ and shear‐responsive properties enabled direct‐write 3D printing of complex objects with high fidelity. Hydrogel cytocompatibility was also confirmed by incorporating HeLa cells into select hydrogels resulting in high viabilities over 24 h. The tunable temperature response and innate shear‐thinning properties of these hydrogels, coupled with encouraging cell viability results, present an attractive opportunity for additive manufacturing and tissue engineering applications. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Analysis of Entamoeba histolytica Membrane Proteome Using Three Extraction Methods
Authors: Ujang Jorim , Sani Asmahani Azira Abdu , Lim Boon Huat , Noordin Rahmah , Othman Nurulhasanah 
Published: October 2018

AbstractEntamoeba histolytica membrane proteins are important players toward the pathogenesis of amoebiasis, but the roles of most of the proteins are not fully understood. Since efficient protein extraction method is crucial for a successful MS analysis, three extractions methods are evaluated for the use in studying the membrane proteome of E. histolytica: Two commercial kits (ProteoExtract from Calbiochem and ProteoPrep from Sigma), and a conventional laboratory method. The results show that ProteoExtract and the conventional method gave higher protein yields compared to ProteoPrep. LC–ESI–MS/MS identifies 456, 482, and 551 membrane fraction proteins extracted using ProteoExtract, ProteoPrep, and a conventional method, respectively. In silico analysis predicts 108 (21%), 235 (45%), and 177 (34%) membrane proteins from the extracts of ProteoExtract, ProteoPrep, and the conventional method, respectively. Furthermore, analysis of the cytosolic and membrane fractions shows the highest selectivity of the membrane proteins using the ProteoPrep extraction kit. Overall, this study reports 828 E. histolytica membrane fraction proteins that include 249 predicted membrane proteins. The data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD010171.
Critical Role for Saccharomyces cerevisiae Asc1p in Translational Initiation at Elevated Temperatures
Authors: Gerbasi Vincent R. , Browne Christopher M. , Samir Parimal , Shen Bingxin , Sun Ming , Hazelbaker Dane Z. , Galassie Allison C. , Frank Joachim , Link Andrew J. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe eukaryotic ribosomal protein RACK1/Asc1p is localized to the mRNA exit channel of the 40S subunit but lacks a defined role in mRNA translation. Saccharomyces cerevisiae deficient in ASC1 exhibit temperature‐sensitive growth. Using this null mutant, potential roles for Asc1p in translation and ribosome biogenesis are evaluated. At the restrictive temperature the asc1Δ null mutant has reduced polyribosomes. To test the role of Asc1p in ribosome stability, cryo‐EM is used to examine the structure of 80S ribosomes in an asc1Δ yeast deletion mutant at both the permissive and nonpermissive temperatures. CryoEM indicates that loss of Asc1p does not severely disrupt formation of this complex structure. No defect is found in rRNA processing in the asc1Δ null mutant. A proteomic approach is applied to survey the effect of Asc1p loss on the global translation of yeast proteins. At the nonpermissive temperature, the asc1Δ mutant has reduced levels of ribosomal proteins and other factors critical for translation. Collectively, these results are consistent with recent observations suggesting that Asc1p is important for ribosome occupancy of short mRNAs. The results show the Asc1 ribosomal protein is critical in translation during heat stress.
Licochalcone A attenuates acne symptoms mediated by suppression of NLRP3 inflammasome
Authors: Yang Gabsik , Lee Hye Eun , Yeon Sang Hyeon , Kang Han Chang , Cho Yong‐Yeon , Lee Hye Suk , Zouboulis Christos C. , Han Sin‐Hee , Lee Jeong‐Hoon , Lee Joo Young 
Published: October 2018

Activation of the NACHT, LRR and PYD domains‐containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome by Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes) is critical for inducing inflammation and aggravating the development of acne lesions. We searched for available small‐molecule inhibitors of the NLRP3 inflammasome that could be topically administered for the treatment of acne. We found that licochalcone A, a chalconoid isolated from the root of Glycyrrhiza inflate, was an effective inhibitor for P. acnes‐induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Licochalcone A blocked P. acnes‐induced production of caspase‐1(p10) and IL‐1β in primary mouse macrophages and human SZ95 sebocytes, indicating the suppression of NLRP3 inflammasome. Licochalcone A suppressed P. acnes‐induced ASC speck formation and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species. Topical application of licochalcone A to mouse ear skin attenuated P. acnes‐induced skin inflammation as shown by histological assessment, ear thickness measurement, and inflammatory gene expression. Licochalcone A reduced caspase‐1 activity and IL‐1β production in mouse ear injected with P. acnes. This study demonstrated that licochalcone A is effective in the control of P. acnes‐induced skin inflammation as an efficient inhibitor for NLRP3 inflammasome. Our study provides a new paradigm for the development of anti‐acne therapy via targeting NLRP3 inflammasome.
Flavonoid‐rich fraction of Bauhinia forficata Link leaves prevents the intestinal toxic effects of irinotecan chemotherapy in IEC‐6 cells and in mice
Authors: Cechinel‐Zanchett Camile Cecconi , Boeing Thaise , Somensi Lincon Bordignon , Steimbach Viviane Miranda Bispo , Campos Adriana , Krueger Clarissa de Medeiros Amorm , Schultz Cristiany , Sant'ana Débora de Mello Gonçales , Cechinel‐Filho Valdir , Mota da Silva Luísa , Faloni de Andrade Sérgio 
Published: October 2018

This study evaluated the effects of flavonoid‐rich fraction from Bauhinia forficata leaves (FRF‐BF), against intestinal toxicity induced by irinotecan. The leaves of this plant are used like tea in Brazilian folk medicine, and it is rich in flavonoids, mainly kaempferitrin. First, the chemopreventive effects of FRF‐BF and kaempferitrin were evaluated in intestinal cells (IEC‐6 cells) exposed to irinotecan. Next, the effects were evaluated against irinotecan‐induced mucositis in mice. Lastly, melanoma was induced in C57BL/6 mice to evaluate FRF‐BF interference on irinotecan antitumor activity. The results showed that FRF‐BF and kaempferitrin exert no cytotoxic effects in IEC‐6 cells and confirmed that pretreatment with FRF‐BF and kaempferitrin displays chemoprotective effects against cytotoxicity induced by irinotecan. Interestingly, the FRF‐BF (100 mg/kg, p.o) reduced the intestinal motility in mice and attenuated parameters linked to irinotecan‐induced intestinal mucositis, including diarrhea, histological damage, depletion of duodenal GSH, amount of TNF‐α, and MPO activity in the small intestine. Also, FRF‐BF does not interfere in the antitumor activity of irinotecan and exerted antitumoral activity in murine melanoma. In conclusion, FRF‐BF (100 mg/kg, p.o) presents promising pharmacological potential to prevent and attenuate the severity of intestinal mucositis during chemotherapy treatment, related to the presence of kaempferitrin.
Effect of purslane on blood lipids and glucose: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Hadi Amir , Pourmasoumi Makan , Najafgholizadeh Ameneh , Kafeshani Marziyeh , Sahebkar Amirhossein 
Published: October 2018

Despite a history of purslane usage as a herbal treatment for dyslipidemia and hyperglycemia management, existing evidence from clinical trials is controversial. The aim for the current study was to evaluate the efficacy of purslane supplementation on lipid parameters and glycemic status in adult populations. A systematic review was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, ISI Web of Science, and Google Scholar up to January 15, 2018, searching for randomized controlled trials that assessed the impact of purslane on fasting blood glucose (FBG), triglycerides, total cholesterol (TC), low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C), and high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL‐C). Based on the detected heterogeneity between studies, a random‐ or fixed‐effect model was applied in the meta‐analysis. The findings from six randomized controlled trials, comprising 352 participants, indicated that purslane can reduce FBG (−4.54 mg/dl, 95% CI [−7.54, −1.53]; I2 = 0.53%) and triglycerides (−19.16 mg/dl, 95% CI [−38.17, −0.15]; I2 = 0%) levels. Changes in TC, LDL‐C, and HDL‐C concentrations did not reach a statistically significant level. Subgroup analysis showed a favorable effects of purslane on FBG, triglycerides, TC, and LDL‐C in a subset of studies in which purslane was administered >1.5 g/day. Categorization based on gender showed that purslane was more effective in improving FBG, TC and LDL‐C in females compared with males. This systematic review and meta‐analysis suggested that the purslane might be effective on the improvement of blood lipid and glucose levels. Further robust studies with sufficient durations and dosages of supplementation are needed to confirm these results.
Optimal design of the side‐sensitive modified group runs (SSMGR) chart when process parameters are estimated
Authors: Chong Zhi Lin , Khoo Michael B.C. , Teoh Wei Lin , You Huay Woon , Castagliola Philippe 
Published: October 2018

AbstractA side‐sensitive modified group runs (SSMGR)
chart is commonly examined under the assumption of known process parameters (denoted as Case‐K). However, in practical situations, the process parameters are seldom known, and it is essential to estimate them from in‐control (IC) phase I samples. From the study of the minimum amount of phase I samples, m that is required by the SSMGR
chart when the process parameters are estimated (represented as Case‐U), to achieve practically the same performance as that of the Case‐K, it was found that a huge number of IC phase I samples are needed. Due to time and cost factors, accumulating a substantial amount of IC phase I samples is difficult. To circumvent this problem, we study the optimal designs of the Case‐U SSMGR
chart, based on both the zero and steady states' average number of observations to signal (ANOS) and expected ANOS (EANOS). Tables containing optimal charting parameters are provided to ease the implementation of the Case‐U SSMGR
chart. By using these optimal parameters specifically designed for the Case‐U SSMGR
chart, we can obtain similar zero and steady states' ANOS and EANOS performances to that of the Case‐K. The use of the optimal Case‐U SSMGR
chart is demonstrated with real data taken from a hard‐bake process in a manufacturing company.
Global and local reactivity descriptors based on quadratic and linear energy models for α,β‐unsaturated organic compounds
Authors: Oller Javier , Pérez Patricia , Ayers Paul W. , Vöhringer‐Martinez Esteban 
Published: October 2018

AbstractGlobal and local descriptors of chemical reactivity can be derived from conceptual density functional theory. Their explicit form, however, depends on how the energy is defined as a function of the number of electrons. Within the existing interpolation models, here, the quadratic and the linear energy model were used to derive global descriptors as the electrophilicity and nucleophilicity (defined as the negative of the ionization potential) and local descriptors employing either the corresponding condensed Fukui function in the linear model or the local response of the global descriptor in the quadratic model. The ability of these descriptors to predict the reactivity of molecules with more than one reactive site was first studied on a set of α, β‐unsaturated ketones, where experimental rate constants for the nucleophilic attack is known. With the validated descriptors the reactivity of α, β‐unsaturated carboxylic compounds with different heteroatoms as α, β‐unsaturated thioesters, esters, and amides was addressed as alternative substrates for enzymatic CO2 fixation. Carbon dioxide fixation involves the reduction of the neutral α, β‐unsaturated carboxylic compounds by a nucleophilic attack of a hydride anion from NADPH and the following electrophilic attack by carbon dioxide. It was found that condensed values of the linear Fukui function within the fragment of molecular response approximation describe best the reactivity of α, β‐unsaturated ketones. For the two relevant processes involved in CO2 fixation the amides present the largest reactivity in vacuum and in aqueous solution compared to the esters and thioesters and may, therefore, serve as alternative substrates of carboxylases.
Toward a theory of mechanochemistry: Simple models from the very beginnings
Authors: Quapp Wolfgang , Bofill Josep Maria , Ribas‐Ariño Jordi 
Published: October 2018

AbstractA core idea in the context of mechanochemistry is that applying an external tensile force along a reaction coordinate should enhance the chemical reaction of interest. Here, we analyze perturbed generic molecular structures: schematic models of triatomics, ABC, and tetraatomics, AABB. They are used to demonstrate that pulling does usually not use the “reaction coordinate,” but opens new reaction pathways. Within development of these models we use the concept of Newton trajectories for a theory of mechanochemistry. However, we find cases where the theory of Newton trajectories is not applicable. For all cases, we define the curve of force‐displaced stationary points, and we discuss the importance of barrier breakdown points and valley‐ridge inflection points. The examples use Morse potentials for bonds and simple angle functions and are demonstrated by assumed real values for the potential parameters. On the basis of the systematic study of some generic models we explain a set of already observed experimental mechanochemical phenomena in specific molecular systems and we apply the results to the strength of chemical bonds.
An automatic skill evaluation framework for robotic surgery training
Authors: Peng Wenjia , Xing Yuan , Liu Ruida , Li Jinhua , Zhang Zemin 
Published: October 2018

AbstractBackgroundTo provide feedback to surgeons in robotic surgery training, many surgical skill evaluation methods have been developed. However, they hardly focus on the performance of the surgical motion segments. This paper proposes a method of specifying a trainee's skill weakness in the surgical training.MethodsThis paper proposed an automatic skill evaluation framework by comparing the trainees' operations with the template operation in each surgical motion segment, which is mainly based on dynamic time warping (DTW) and continuous hidden Markov model (CHMM).ResultsThe feasibility of this proposed framework has been preliminarily verified. For specifying the skill weakness in instrument handling and efficiency, the result of this proposed framework was significantly correlated with that of manual scoring.ConclusionThe automatic skill evaluation framework has shown its superiority in efficiency, objectivity, and being targeted, which can be used in robotic surgery training.
Robust microvibration mitigation and pointing performance analysis for high stability spacecraft
Authors: Preda Valentin , Cieslak Jérôme , Henry David , Bennani Samir , Falcoz Alexandre 
Published: October 2018

SummaryThis paper deals with the development of a mixed active‐passive microvibration mitigation solution capable of attenuating the transmitted vibrations generated by reaction wheels to a satellite structure. A dedicated simulation environment, provided by the European Space Agency and Airbus Defence and Space industries, serves as a support for testing the proposed solution at satellite level. This paper covers modeling, control system design, and worst‐case analysis for a typical satellite observation mission that requires high pointing stability. Combined with a novel disturbance model for the reaction wheel perturbations, the pointing performance and stability requirements are reformulated as bounds on the worst‐case
system gains. Subsequently, the active microvibration controller is tuned to manage the conflicting design goals and optimize different trade‐offs between robustness and performance. Finally, robust stability margins and worst‐case performance bounds with respect to various system uncertainties, time‐varying reaction wheel spin rates, actuator saturation, and time delays are obtained using the structured singular value, integral quadratic constraints, and time‐domain nonlinear simulations.
Event‐based dissipative analysis for discrete time‐delay singular stochastic systems
Authors: Zhang Yingqi , Shi Peng , Agarwal Ramesh K. 
Published: October 2018

SummaryThis paper is concerned with the event‐based dissipative filter analysis and design problems of discrete‐time singular stochastic network systems with Markovian jump parameters and time‐varying delay. A discrete error singular stochastic network model of network‐induced delay is initially constructed by utilizing the event‐triggered communication scheme. Based on stochastic analysis and free‐weighing matrix schemes, sufficient conditions are then established such that the resulting error time‐delay stochastic model is stochastically admissible and strictly stochastically dissipative. By applying slack matrix variables and filter transfer function equivalent method, an event‐triggered dissipative state estimated filter is designed to ensure stochastic admission and strictly stochastic dissipativity of the resulting singular stochastic model, provided if derived conditions satisfy sets of linear matrix inequalities. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed approaches is verified by a numerical example.
A systematic literature review on the detection of smells and their evolution in object‐oriented and service‐oriented systems
Authors: Sabir Fatima , Palma Francis , Rasool Ghulam , Guéhéneuc Yann‐Gaël , Moha Naouel 
Published: October 2018

SummaryThis systematic literature review paper investigates the key techniques employed to identify smells in different paradigms of software engineering from object‐oriented (OO) to service‐oriented (SO). In this review, we want to identify commonalities and differences in the identification of smells in OO and SO systems. Our research method relies on an automatic search from the relevant digital libraries to find the studies published since January 2000 on smells until December 2017. We have conducted a pilot and author‐based search that allows us to select the 78 most relevant studies after applying inclusion and exclusion criteria. We evaluated the studies based on the smell detection techniques and the evolution of different methodologies in OO and SO. Among the 78 relevant studies selected, we have identified six different studies in which linguistic source code analysis received less attention from the researchers as compared to the static source code analysis. Smells like the yo‐yo problem, unnamed coupling, intensive coupling, and interface bloat received considerably less attention in the literature. We also identified a catalog of 30 smells infrequently reported for SO systems and that require further attention. Moreover, a suite of 20 smells reported for SO systems can also be detected using static source code metrics in OO. Finally, our review highlighted three major research trends that are further subdivided into 20 research patterns initiating the detection of smells toward their correction.
Dispersive liquid‐liquid microextraction based on the solidification of floating organic droplets for preconcentration of amino acids in human plasma samples
Authors: Zare Fahimeh , Jannesar Ramin , Ghaedi Mehrorang , Tayebi Lobat 
Published: October 2018

AbstractIn this research, dispersive liquid‐liquid microextraction was established based on the solidification of floating organic droplets. This simple, fast, and eco‐friendly sample extraction method allows preconcentration and identification of amino acids in plasma samples through the use of high‐performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection. By application of central composite design, the main factors in the microextraction procedure were optimized. The optimal experimental parameters were: 330 μL of 1‐dodecanol as an extraction solvent, 340 μL of acetone as disperser solvent, 140 μL of methanol as diluent at 6.8 min of ultrasonic time, and finally cooling in an ice bath for 3 min. Under these optimal conditions, good responses for 19 amino acids were obtained in the concentration ranges of 0.5–400 μmol L−1, with coefficients of determination higher than 0.9993. Limits of detection were based on a signal‐to‐noise ratio of 3, and ranged from 0.09 to 0.85 μmol L−1. In conclusion, the results demonstrate that this method was successfully applied to determine the amino acids in plasma samples. The relative recoveries of the 19 amino acids ranged from 81 to 103%, with relative standard deviations ranging from 1 to 4%.