bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Paediatric haemolytic uraemic syndrome related to Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli, an overview of 10 years of surveillance in France, 2007 to 2016
Authors: Bruyand Mathias , Mariani-Kurkdjian Patricia , Le Hello Simon , King Lisa-A , Van Cauteren Dieter , Lefevre Sophie , Gouali Malika , Jourdan-da Silva Nathalie , Mailles Alexandra , Donguy Marie-Pierre , Loukiadis Estelle , Sergentet-Thevenot Delphine , Loirat Chantal , Bonacorsi Stéphane , Weill François-Xavier , De Valk Henriette ,   Réseau français hospitalier de surveillance du SHU pédiatrique
Published: February 2019

Introduction
Haemolytic uraemic syndrome (HUS) related to Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) is the leading cause of acute renal failure in young children. In France, HUS surveillance in children aged < 15 years was implemented starting from 1996.

Aim
We present the results of this surveillance between 2007 and 2016.

Methods
A voluntary nationwide network of 32 paediatric departments notifies cases. Two national reference centres perform microbiological STEC confirmation.

Results
Over the study period, the paediatric HUS incidence rate (IR) was 1.0 per 100,000 children-years, with a median of 116 cases/year. In 2011, IR peaked at 1.3 per 100,000 children-years, and decreased to 1.0 per 100,000 children-years in 2016. STEC O157 associated HUS peaked at 37 cases in 2011 and decreased to seven cases in 2016. Cases of STEC O26-associated HUS have increased since 2010 and STEC O80 associated HUS has emerged since 2012, with 28 and 18 cases respectively reported in 2016. Four STEC-HUS food-borne outbreaks were detected (three STEC O157 linked to ground beef and raw-milk cheese and one STEC O104 linked to fenugreek sprouts). In addition, two outbreaks related to person-to-person transmission occurred in distinct kindergartens (STEC O111 and O26).

Conclusions
No major changes in HUS IRs were observed over the study period of 10 years. However, changes in the STEC serogroups over time and the outbreaks detected argue for continuing epidemiological and microbiological surveillance.
Organization Citizenship Behavor (OCB) Study on STIE Pasaman Employees
Authors: Gustika Roza , Lubis M. Saleh , M.si Asraf , Nur M 
Published: February 2019

The OCB behavior is necessary to effectiveness of work in organization including Higher Education. This study looks at how how organizational culture variables and organizational commitment affect the behavior of OCB on STIE Pasaman employees. Previously, TCR were measured in these three variables. The goal is to see how the level of this variable when the research done and how the influence of independent variables to the dependent variable. The population of the research was STIE Pasaman employee, amounting to 41 people, all of whom were respondents. Measurement of variables is done through questionnaires with Likert scale. Next is calculated TCR and Multiple Linear regression testing. The results showed that the three variables still need improvement efforts. Organizational Culture and Organizational Commitment either partially or simultaneously have a positive and significant effect on OCB. The implication of this research is that STIE Pasaman's leadership still needs to work to make OCB's behavior better, and this can be done with improvements the organizational culture and increased organizational commitment. Keywords: OCB, Organizational Culture and Organizational Commitment.
An Analysis Of The Influence Of Rupiah / USD Exchange Rate, Inflation and BI Rate On Indonesia Composite Index
Authors: Indah Novi Permata 
Published: February 2019

Investasi pada saham dianggap memiliki tingkat risiko yang lebih besar dibandingkan dengan alternatif investasi lain seperti obligasi, deposito, dan tabungan. Oleh karena itu, investor sangat membutuhkan informasi dari pergerakan indeks harga saham pada Bursa Efek. Untuk melihat perkembangan pasar modal Indonesia salah satu indikator yang sering diguakan adalah Indeks Harga Saham Gabungan (IHSG). IHSG dalam perkembangannya sangat rentan terhadap kondisi makro ekonomi secara umum. Penelitian ini bertujuan melihat bagaimana pengaruh faktor-faktor makro ekonomi yaitu nilai tukar rupih/USD (kurs), inflasi dan BI rate terhadap perubahaan nilai IHSG pada Bursa Efek Indonesia.Objek dalam penelitian ini adalah IHSG, nilai tukar rupih/USD (kurs), inflasi dan BI rate yang diambil dari statistik bulanan dengan nilai harga penutupan setiap bulan pada periode Januri 2011-Desember 2016. Data yang digunakan dalam peneitian ini adalah data sekunder yang diperoleh dari Bursa Efek Indonesia, dan situs resmi Bank Indonesia. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahawa dari ketiga faktor makro ekonomi yang diteliti, hanya nilai tukar rupih/USD (kurs) yang secara signifikan memepengaruhi IHSG, sedangakan 2 faktor makro ekonomi lain yaitu inflasi dan BI rate tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap perubahan nilai IHSG. Besar pengaruh dari nilai tukar rupiah/USD, Inflasi dan BI rate terhadap IHSG masing masing adalah 0,23 , -9,408 dan -100,17. Dari hasil tersebut diketahui bahawa hanya pengaruh nilai tukar rupiah/USD yang berbanding lurus terhadap nilai IHSG , sedangkan pengaruh inflasi dan BI rate terhadap IHSG berbanding terbalik.
FINANCIAL DISTRESS PREDICTED BY CASH FLOW AND LEVERAGE WITH CAPITAL INTENSITY AS MODERATING
Authors: Bernardin Deden Edward Yokeu , Tifani Tifani 
Published: February 2019

The level of financial distress is a condition where the company's finances are in an unhealthy state or crisis. This study aims to examine the effect of cash flow and leverage in predicting the level of financial distress which is moderated by capital intensity at PT. Indah Karya (Persero). The research method used is descriptive verification with a quantitative approach. To assess this research, the 2013-2017 Quarterly Financial Report is used. The results showed that cash flows has a negative and significant influence in predicting the level of financial distress, leverage (debt to asset ratio) has a positive and insignificant influence in predicting the level of financial distress, capital intensity has a negative and insignificant effect in moderating the effect of cash flows on the level of financial difficulty and capital intensity has a positive and insignificant influence in moderating the influence of leverage in predicting the level of financial distress. Simultaneously cash flow and leverage in predicting the level of financial distress which is moderated by capital intensity together - have a significant effect on the condition of the level of financial distress of PT. Indah Karya (Persero). Another result found in this study is that the capital intensity variable in moderating leverage has the strongest influence in predicting the level of corporate financial distress which is seen by using an assessment of total assets to sales and debt to asset ratio. With these results, the company can use it as an early detection in the face of financial distress.
Keywords: CashFlow, Leverage, Capital Intensity, Financial distress
DISCRIMINATION, TAX CONSCIOUSNESS, AND SERVICE QUALITY TOWARDS PERCEPTION OF TAX EMBEZZLEMENT
Authors: Nurachman Indriyani Astuti , Fajar Catur Martian , Suparwo Adi 
Published: February 2019

Tax fraud is a problem that often occurs in all parts of tax administration, one of which is tax evasion. As a result, the perception of taxpayers is reluctant to pay taxes. This is seen from the low awareness of taxpayers in the Bandung KPP Intermediate. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of discrimination, awareness of taxpayers and the quality of tax services on the perception of tax evasion. This research uses descriptive verification method with a quantitative approach. The data source used is primary data as a result of distributing questionnaires to taxpayers as many as 100 respondents. Based on the results of the study showed that partially discrimination and awareness of taxpayers have no significant effect on the perception of tax evasion. But the quality of tax services has a significant effect on the perception of tax evasion. Simultaneously discrimination, awareness of taxpayers and the quality of tax services have a significant effect on the perception of tax evasion. The quality of tax services has the most influence on the perception of tax evasion with indicators of accuracy of information. From the results of the research, it is expected that tax officials are always swift and willing to provide clear and understandable information by taxpayers, so that taxpayers feel satisfied with the services provided because it can reduce tax evasion at the Intermediate Tax Office in Bandung.
Keywords: Discrimination, taxpayer awareness, tax service quality, perceptions of tax evasion
Mekanisme Antifertilitas Fraksi Biji Pepaya pada Tikus Jantan
Authors: Nita Sri , Hayati Lusiya , Subandrate Subandrate 
Published: February 2019

Biji pepaya dapat bersifat sebagai antifertilitas. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui senyawa dan mekanisme antifertilitas fraksi biji pepaya pada tikus jantan dari berat vesikula seminalis dan prostat serta jumlah spermatosit primer dan spermatid. Jenis penelitian eksperimental secara in vivodengan rancangan acak lengkap. Hewan uji adalah tikus jantan (Rattus norvegicusL.) galur Sprague Dawley usia 60 hari dengan berat badan 200-210 g. Dosis pemberian 100mg/kg bb selama 24 hari. Senyawa yang dikandung oleh fraksi didapat melalui uji fitokimia. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan senyawa yang ditemukan pada fraksi nHeksan adalah steroid, terpenoid, saponin, flavonoid. Fraksi etil asetat terdapat senyawa steroid, terpenoid dan flavonoid. Fraksi etanol air mengandung senyawa terpenoid dan flavonoid. Berat vesikula seminalis dan prostat meningkat dibandingkan kontrol. Rerata jumlah spermatosit primer dan spermatid menurun secara nyata pada semua fraksi namun penurunan terendah pada fraksi nHeksan. Dapat disimpulkan mekanisme antifertilitas fraksi biji papaya adalah melalui penurunan rerata jumlah spermatosit primer dan spermatid.
PROPOLIS OR CAFFEIC ACID PHENETHYL ESTER (CAPE) INHIBITS GROWTH AND VIABILITY IN MULTIPLE ORAL CANCER CELL LINES.
Authors: Saarem Whitney , Wang Fang Yu , Farfel Elena 
Published: February 2019

Objective: Propolis is a natural antimicrobial resin from honeybee hives that contains caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE), which has anti-proliferative activity against some human cancers, including colon, liver, lung and breast – although limited evidence has evaluated this potential in oral cancers. Based upon this information, the primary objective of this study was to evaluate the anti-tumor effects of CAPE against multiple well-characterized oral cancer cell lines. Methods: Using well-characterized oral cancer cell lines (SCC15, SCC25 and CAL27), CAPE was administered at 100 ug/mL to assess any effects on cellular viability or growth over three days. A normal, non-cancerous cell line (HGF-1) was also included.
Results: The results of this pilot study demonstrated that CAPE administration significantly reduced both viability and proliferation in all three oral cancer cell lines. Viability was significantly reduced between 30.3% and 35.4% among the oral cancer cell lines (p<0.05), but remained unchanged in the HGF-1 normal cell control (p=0.878). Growth was significantly inhibited between 53.1% and 60.6% among the oral cancer cell lines (p<0.05) but was not affected in the HGF-1 normal cell control (p=0.341).
Conclusions: Although the reductions in both cellular viability and proliferation were distinct for each cell line, all exhibited a similar trend and were within a narrowly defined range. These results strongly suggest that CAPE administration had a significant and immediate effect on oral cancer growth and viability and therefore should be considered as the basis for future studies as a potential complementary and alternative therapy for oral cancer.
Key words: Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester (CAPE), Propolis, Oral cancer, Complementary and alternative medicine.
CERVICAL PAP SMEAR STUDY IN A TERTIARY CARE TEACHING HOSPITAL
Authors: Khushnood Mohammad , Gameti Priya Vijaykumar , Rajani Anisha , Jain Mala 
Published: February 2019

Background: Mortality due to cervical cancer is also an indicator of health inequalities, as 86% of all deaths due to cervical cancer are in developing countries, low- and middle-income countries. Though Pap smear is a routine screening test, the overall sensitivity in detection of high grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) is 70 - 80% .Pap smear is a simple, safe, non-invasive and cost effective method for the detection of pre-cancerous, cancerous and benign lesions of cervix.
Materials and Method: Around 100 cases attending gynecology OPD consented to participate were selected between age 15-60years with complaints. Pap smear was taken and was reported by cytopathologists according to the 2001 Bethesda system. All the data were manually collected and subsequently analyzed.
Results: Maximum number of cases (37%)were seen in the age group og 31-40 years followed by 41-50 years (29%)and rest between 21-30 years (26%). 8% cases were seen in the age group of 51-60 years. NILM was reported in 48% of cases. Inflammatory smears were seen in 44% of cases. Two smears were reported as unsatisfactory.02% of cases was reported as ASCUS.LSIL was reported in 02% of cases while HSIL were reported in 01% of cases. Non specific findings were reported in 01 case.
Conclusion: This study proves that PAP stain is a simple, cheap, inexpensive and easy procedure and that using PAP stain cytological screening programs conducted in developing countries can play a major role in reducing mortality and morbidity due to Cancer Cervix.
Keywords: PAP stain, Cervix, Cancer
Reproduktif Sistemde ADAMTS Genleri
Authors: KALEM Ziya , NAMLI KALEM Müberra , ŞİMŞİR Coşkun 
Published: February 2019

Güncel genetik
çalışmalarından ele edilen bilgilere göre pek çok gen çeşitli üreme organ ve
dokularında hayati rol oynamaktadır. Fertilitenin tüm makro- ve
mikro-süreçlerinde yoğun araştırmalar devam etmesine ve system çözülmeye
çalışılmasına rağmen, üreme sistemi patofizyolojisi halen tüm bilinmezliğiyle
karşımızda durmaktadır. Ekstrasellüler matriks
(ECM) hücreler için yapısal bir destek olmasının yanısıra hücrenin şekli,
davranışı, diferansiasyonu, proliferasyonu, gen expresyonu ve hayatiyetleri
üzerinde belirleyici rolü olan fonksiyonel bir dokudur. “A Disintegrin-like And Metalloproteinase
with Thrombospondin type-1 motif” (ADAMTS)
proteinleri, ECM yapılarının yıkımından sorumlu, vücutta birçok fizyolojik ve
patolojik süreçte önemli rolleri olan
çinko bağımlı proteinazlardır. Bu
derlemenin amacı üremenin patofizyolojisinde ADAMTS‘lerin rolleri üzerine
yapılmış çalışmaları biraraya getirerek konuyla ilgili geniş bir perspektif
sunmaktır.
Elimination of pain syndrome in patients with advanced pancreatic head cancer
Authors: Gevorkyan T. G. , Feinstein I. A. 
Published: February 2019

Pain syndrome, along with mechanical jaundice, is one of the most evident clinical manifestations of pancreatic cancer and is often a sign of tumor neglecting. Existing treatment options for chronic pain in cancer patients are diverse and include the various ways of impact on the different links of pathological pain: medicinal, endoscopic, surgical. With this pathology, drug therapy using analgesics, weak and strong opioids, is usually not effective enough. In such cases, preference is given to chemical neurolysis — denervation of the autonomic structures of the retroperitoneal space, carried out under the guidance of ultrasound or computed tomography. Conducting percutaneous neurolysis of the celiac plexus with the use of alcohol or phenol is prescribed upon insufficient effectiveness of pharmacotherapy. Surgical methods of anesthesia are used extremely rarely, as they considerably worsen the patient’s condition, without significantly affecting the quality of life or the prognosis. Thoracoscopic splanchnicectomy is considered a modern and effective method of endoscopic treatment of pain in unresectable pancreatic cancer, the conduction of which can significantly decrease the intensity of pain, reduce the number of narcotic analgesics and improve the quality of life of cancer patients. This minimally invasive intervention is the basis for the subsequent lifelong systemic drug therapy.
Halitosis syndrome in clinical practice
Authors: Gubergrits N. B. , Byelyayeva N. V. , Klochov A. Y. , Lukashevich G. M. , Rakhmetova V. S. , Yur’yeva A. V. , Yaroshenko L. A. 
Published: February 2019

Definition of the medical term “halitosis” is presented in the article, historical aspects of its appearance are reviewed, probable prevalence of halitosis in the general population is indicated. Classification of halitosis with the allocation of its subtypes depending on the conditions of occurrence is given, the reasons for the development of true and false, physiological and pathological halitosis are analyzed. Various nosological items and pathological conditions are listed, the course of which may be accompanied by the appearance of bad breath. The influence of the emotional background on the occurrence of halitosis is described. The main substances, which metabolism is accompanied by the appearance of stomatodisodia, are named, the nature of unpleasant odors associated with the most common somatic diseases is indicated. The role of Helicobacter pylori, bacterial overgrowth and obesity syndrome in the development of halitosis is considered. The importance of a detailed collection of anamnesis and a thorough objective examination, as well as the exclusion of dental and otorhinolaryngological pathology in the implementation of a diagnostic search, were emphasized. The tactics of the doctor’s actions while treating patients with halitosis is outlined, the features of the intra-syndromic and nosological diagnostics are considered, the methods for performing the olfactory test, taking scrapings from the tonsils and the back of the tongue are described. The main directions of non-pharmacological and pharmacological treatment of halitosis are listed, hygiene of oral cavity and dentures, modification of the usual diet are emphasized, the appropriateness of timely application of combined antiseptic solutions and the possibility of systemic antibacterial therapy are stressed.
Ergenlerin Duygusal Zeka Düzeyleri ile Öz-yeterlik Algıları Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi
Authors: SERT Melike , TRAŞ Zeliha 
Published: February 2019

Bu araştırmanın amacı, ergenlerin
duygusal zekâ düzeylerinin akademik, sosyal ve duygusal öz-yeterlikleri arasındaki
ilişkinin incelenmesidir. Araştırmanın çalışma grubu İç Anadolu Bölgesi’nde yer
alan bir ilde merkez ilçelerde bulunan liselerde öğrenim gören, yaşları 14 ile
17 arasında değişen 376 (%60.54) erkek, 245 (%39.46) kız olmak üzere toplam 621 öğrenciden
oluşmaktadır. Veri toplama sürecinde Bar-On Duygusal Zekâ Çocuk ve Ergen Formu
ve Çocuklar için Öz-yeterlik Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Verilerin istatistik
analizi SPSS 18.00 paket programı ile yapılmış olup anlamlılık düzeyi olarak .05 alınmıştır. Araştırma
sonuçlarına göre; Akademik Öz-yeterlik ile duygusal zekânın tüm alt boyutları
(bireyiçi ilişkiler, bireylerarası ilişkiler, uyumluluk becerileri, stres
yönetimi, genel ruh hali ve olumlu etki) arasında pozitif yönlü anlamlı düzeyde
ilişkiler bulunmuştur. Sosyal Öz-yeterlik ile duygusal zekânın alt
boyutlarından (bireyiçi ilişkiler, bireylerarası ilişkiler, uyumluluk
becerileri, genel ruh hali ve olumlu etki) pozitif yönlü anlamlı düzeyde
ilişkiler bulunmuştur. Duygusal Öz-yeterlik ile duygusal zekânın tüm alt
boyutları (bireyiçi ilişkiler, bireylerarası ilişkiler, uyumluluk becerileri,
stres yönetimi, genel ruh hali ve olumlu etki) arasında pozitif yönlü anlamlı
düzeyde ilişkiler bulunmuştur. Yapılan regresyon analizi sonucunda; bireyiçi,
uyumluluk, stres yönetimi, genel ruh hali ve olumlu etki Duygusal Öz-yeterlik
puanının önemli yordayıcıları olarak bulunmuştur. Bulgulara dayanarak öneriler
geliştirilmiştir.
Pembinaan Prestasi Olahraga Sepakbola Di Pusat Pendidikan Dan Latihan Putra Batang
Authors: Nugroho Wahyu Adhi 
Published: February 2019

Tujuan pembinaan prestasi olahraga sepakbola di Pusdiklat Putra Batang adalah untuk mengembangkan atlet sepakbola secara terencana, berjenjang dan berkelanjutan melalui pembinaan fisik, pembinaan teknik, pembinaan taktik dan pembinaan psikis atau mental. Atlet sepakbola di Pusdiklat Putra Batang berasal dari klub-klub sepakbola lokal dan sekolah sepakbola (SSB) yang berdomisili di Kabupaten Batang dan berhasil lolos seleksi yang dilakukan oleh para pemandu bakat (talents scouting) dan pelatih yang berlisensi. Potensi atlet dan pelatih yang berkualitas yang dimiliki oleh Pusdiklat Putra Batang, dukungan orangtua dan masyarakat seyogyanya dapat meningkatkan prestasi di tingkat regional maupun nasional.. Kekurangan sarana dan prasarana berupa kepemilikan lapangan untuk berlatih, manajemen kepelatihan yang tidak disusun dengan baik, kurangnya perhatian pengurus terhadap keberlangsungan pembinaan serta pembagian tugas yang tidak terstruktur menjadi hambatan dalam berlatih sehingga capaian prestasi Atlet sepakbola di Pusdiklat Putra Batang tidak optimal. Kesimpulan bahwa pembinaan prestasi Sepakbola di Pusdikklat Putra Batang termasuk belum maksimal berdasarkan pada data dan fakta secara nyata di lapangan.
Profil Atlet Pencak Silat Pra Porda Dilihat Dari Aspek Psikologi Dan Fisiologi
Authors: Rosalina Mia 
Published: February 2019

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui: (1) derajat pendidikan, sosial, dan ekonomi profil atlet pencak silat (2) Fisiologis atlet pencak silat berdasarkan aspek fisik, (3) Motivasi atlet pencak silat ke tim SPOU Cirebon Pra-PORDA Di Kabupaten Bogor. Cara mengembangkan prestasi atlet ke tim SPOU Cirebon Pra-PORDA di Kabupaten Bogor. Metode deskriptif digunakan pada penelitian ini dengan angket, survey, wawancara, dan tes sebagai instrumen pengumpulan data. Hasil penelitian ini adalah sebagai berikut: (1) Pendidikan latar belakang orang tua mereka adalah sebagian besar lulusan sekolah dasar (2) Latar belakang ekonomi orang tua mereka adalah mayoritas miskin (3) Latar belakang sosial orang tua mereka adalah buruh dan tidak bekerja (4) Kualitas fisik rata-rata (5) Motivasi berprestasi tinggi.
İKTİSAT POLİTİKALARI VE KADIN EMEĞİ
Authors: AYTEKİN Barış 
Published: February 2019

İktisat
politikaları, ekonomide ortaya çıkan çeşitli sorunlara karşı çözüm olanaklarını
araştırır. Ancak bu politikaların etkinliği daha çok makro boyutta (ekonomik
büyüme, toplam istihdam, genel fiyat düzeyi vb) ele alınırken, mikroekonomik
boyutu (üretim faktörlerine etkileri vb) yetersiz kalmaktadır. Özel bir üretim
faktörü olarak kadın emeğinin ve kadının ekonomi açısından taşıdığı önemin
iktisat politikaları kapsamında ele alınması bu nedenle dikkate alınmalıdır.
Kadın emeğinin etkinlik sorunu sosyo-ekonomik ve ekonomi-politik açısından
güçlü etkilere sahiptir. Bu açıdan toplumsal cinsiyet eşitsizliği problemi
çerçevesinde, hem ortaya çıkmasında hem de önemli bir çıktısı olma
özelliğine sahiptir. Toplumsal cinsiyet
eşitsizliği sorunu yaşamın tüm alanlarında etkileri olan, -kendine özgü-
süreğen bir krizdir. Genel olarak, azgelişmiş ekonomilerde kadın emeğinin
istihdama katılım oranı ve ücret düzeyi düşük olmaktadır. Bunun yanında eğitim,
sağlık ve siyasal alanda temsil olanakları yetersiz kalmaktadır. Ayrıca, düşük
ekonomik katılımcılık ve gelir asimetrisi kadın yoksulluğunun önemini vurgulamaktadır.
Kadın emeğinin etkinlik sorunu bir ekonomide makroekonomik hedeflerin optimum
düzeyden sapmalara neden olurken, sosyo-ekonomik/kültürel kalkınmayı da olumsuz
etkilemektedir. Bu nedenle bu soruna yönelik olarak iktisat politikalarının
daha etkin kullanılabilmesi vurgulanmalıdır. Makalenin amacı iktisat
politikaları açısından kadın emeğinin önemini açıklamaya yöneliktir. Bu nedenle
öncelikle toplumsal cinsiyet eşitsizliği sorununun makro/mikroekonomik alanda
etkileri ele alınacaktır. Daha sonra kadın emeğinin iktisat politikalarıyla
ilişkisi vurgulanarak, özellikle feminist iktisat kapsamında kadın emeğinin
etkinlik sorunu değerlendirilecektir.