bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The impact of a brief structured intervention on young offenders masculine identity: a mixed methods study
Authors: Blagden Nicholas , Perrin Christian 
Published: June 2018

Purpose
Masculinity in young men can be considered a dynamic risk factor. However, there is a lack of interventions designed to support men and young men to explore the ways in which the concept of masculinity contributes to shaping their individual identity. The purpose of this paper is to explore young offenders’ perceptions of a programme designed to address masculinity and criminogenic attitudes and evaluate whether the programme contributed to any personal change/development and what core learning they took from the course.

Design/methodology/approach
The research utilised a mixed-methods approach to address aims and objectives.

Findings
The quantitative results found that there was a pre-/post-course reduction in toughness and increase in self-esteem and risk-taking perceptions. The qualitative results identified four superordinate themes reconstruing masculine self-realisation awareness and reflection group dynamics and course relationships and unintended consequences. The course-assisted participants in helping to reconstrue aspects of being a man made them think about the future and allowed for participants to consider their possible and desired selves.

Research limitations/implications
The research has policy and practice implications for brief interventions targeted at young offenders.

Originality/value
The research evaluates a novel intervention aimed at addressing young offenders masculine beliefs and identities. The research has implications for working with this client group.
The sequencing of interventions with offenders: views of offender managers and supervisors
Authors: Stephenson Zoe , Woodhams Jessica , Harkins Leigh 
Published: June 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explore the views and opinions of offender supervisors and offender managers regarding the sequencing of interventions for prisoners in England. More specifically, the research aims to gain an understanding of any barriers to implementing desired practice.

Design/methodology/approach
Semi-structured interviews were conducted with ten participants located across four HM prisons in the West Midlands. Questions were designed to gather information and views regarding: current practice in the area of sequencing of interventions; opinions on the potential importance of coherent sequencing of interventions; views on how interventions should be sequenced; and what, if any, issues impacted upon coherent sequencing. Thematic analysis was used to identify, analyse and report themes within the interviews.

Findings
Participants discussed current practice regarding the sequencing of interventions and made suggestions regarding tailoring the sequence of interventions to the individual offender. The issue of readiness to change was emphasised (i.e. engagement with interventions will increase where offenders are able to participate in an intervention when they feel ready to do so). In addition, participants commented that they felt there to be insufficient resources at their disposal which led to barriers to the coherent sequencing of interventions (e.g. waiting lists for treatment programmes).

Practical implications
Suggestions were made by participants regarding the coherent sequencing of interventions; for example, providing prisoners with experience of a generic group intervention prior to an offence-specific intervention, prioritising motivation to change and being responsive to the needs of individual offenders.

Originality/value
The study provides insight regarding the sequencing of interventions from the perspective of offender supervisors and offender managers who are involved in the planning of treatment programmes across the course of an offender’s sentence.
How do destination Facebook pages work? An extended TPB model of fans’ visit intention
Authors: Leung Xi Y. , Jiang Lan 
Published: June 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to propose and test an extended theory of planned behavior model (TPB) to explain how following destination Facebook pages impacts travelers’ visit intention.

Design/methodology/approach
The study asked 252 participants to follow a destination’s Facebook page for three months before they completed the survey. An integrative model combining theory of planned behavior, social influence theory and attitude toward the ad was proposed. Partial least squares structural equation model (PLS-SEM) was used in testing the proposed model.

Findings
The findings indicated that the three social influences (compliance, identification and internalization) all significantly impacted visit intention both directly and mediated by subjective norm. Facebook page experience also significantly influenced visit intention mediated by perceived behavioral control. However, both attitude toward the destination and attitude toward messages were not significantly associated with visit intention.

Practical implications
The findings of this study revealed important practical implications for destination marketing organizations (DMOs) to leverage Facebook marketing. Specifically, DMOs should pay extra attention to the social influence of Facebook pages, especially identification, and also use Facebook pages to reduce perceived behavioral control of potential visitors.

Originality/value
This study was one of the first attempts to explore the factors influencing visit intention of destination Facebook fans based on an extended TPB model. The study also contributed to the literature of using PLS-SEM in predicting behavioral intention through a reflective-formative higher-order model.
The effect of leadership in the development of innovation capacity
Authors: Gil Alfonso J. , Rodrigo-Moya Beatriz , Morcillo-Bellido Jesús 
Published: June 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to analyse the impact of leadership on culture and on the structure of learning, and of these two constructs on the innovation capacity.Design/methodology/approachA quantitative study utilising a survey was carried out. By means of an ad hoc questionnaire, educational administrators were asked about some characteristics of their organisations. The authors have proven the model of research through a model of structural equations, that is, by means of the partial least squares technique.FindingsThe hypothesis is confirmed that leadership affects culture and learning structure, and both impact on the innovation capacity of schools.Practical implicationsThis work addresses the role of three critical aspects in the management of educational organisations—leadership, culture and structure—in the development of innovation that is essential in improving organisational development.Originality/valueThe role of leadership in the development of favourable conditions for innovation is verified, as is the impact of these conditions on the innovation capacity of educational organisations.
Risk management behaviour in banking
Authors: Sheedy Elizabeth , Lubojanski Martin 
Published: June 2018

Purpose
Risk management is now considered the responsibility of all financial services professionals, not just senior leaders or risk specialists. Very little is known about the role of staff in risk management, so the purpose of this paper is to, first, clarify what constitutes “desirable” risk management behaviour by financial services staff based on the practitioner and regulatory literature. Based on this understanding, the authors analyse the characteristics of those who are most likely to display such behaviour.

Design/methodology/approach
The paper analyses some 36,000 survey responses across ten banks headquartered in Anglo countries.

Findings
Desirable risk management behaviour at the employee level includes compliance but goes well beyond mere compliance to include speaking up, thoughtful engagement with and accountability for the risk management framework. The authors find a significant negative association between individual risk tolerance and desirable risk management behaviour. Older workers as well as those with greater seniority are more likely to report desirable risk management behaviour. The link between female gender and risk management behaviour is not supported after controlling for individual risk attitudes. The authors provide evidence that females who succeed in financial services do not conform to traditional female stereotypes.

Practical implications
Findings suggest financial institutions should hire/retain more older workers and those with lower risk tolerance to improve risk management. Hiring more females, however, is not likely to lead to better risk management.

Originality/value
The paper is the first to investigate risk management behaviour in financial services staff. The research exploits a unique, difficult to obtain data set.
Identification of a major glucose transporter in Flavobacterium johnsoniae: Inhibition of F. johnsoniae colony spreading by glucose uptake
Authors: Imamura Keigo , Sato Keiko , Narita Yuka , Kondo Yoshio , Nakane Daisuke , Naito Mariko , Fujiwara Taku , Nakayama Koji 
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACTMany members of the phylum Bacteroidetes, such as Flavobacterium johnsoniae, can glide over a solid surface: an ability called gliding motility. It can be usually observed on agar plates as thin, flat, spreading colonies with irregular, feathery edges; this phenomenon is called colony spreading. Colony spreading of F. johnsoniae on 1.5% agar plates containing poor nutrients is dose‐dependently inhibited by addition of D‐glucose, as previously reported. Accordingly, here, we created mutants (by transposon mutagenesis) that partially suppressed glucose‐mediated inhibition of colony spreading. Among the isolates, we found that one had a transposon insertion in Fjoh_4565, tentatively named mfsA, which encodes a major facilitator superfamily (MFS) transporter previously shown to be required for growth on glucose, N‐acetyl‐glucosamine, and chitin. We constructed an mfsA deletion mutant and found that the mutant showed no glucose‐mediated acceleration of growth or glucose uptake. The mfsA gene complemented the phenotype of a glucose‐negative Escherichia coli. These results suggest that the mfsA gene encodes the sole MFS transporter of glucose in F. johnsoniae and that glucose uptake is partially required for the glucose‐mediated inhibition of F. johnsoniae colony spreading.
Trait‐based predictions and responses from laboratory mite populations to harvesting in stochastic environments
Authors: Smallegange Isabel M. , Ens Hedwig M. 
Published: June 2018

Abstract

Predictions on population responses to perturbations are often derived from trait‐based approaches like integral projection models (IPMs), but are rarely tested. IPMs are constructed from functions that describe survival, growth and reproduction in relation to the traits of individuals and their environment. Although these functions comprise biologically non‐informative statistical coefficients within standard IPMs, model parameters of the recently developed dynamic energy budget IPM (DEB‐IPM) are life‐history traits like “length at maturation” and “maximum reproduction rate”. Testing predictions from mechanistic IPMs against empirical observations can therefore provide functional insights into the links between individual life history, the environment and population dynamics.

Here, we compared the population dynamics of the bulb mite (Rhizoglyphus robini) predicted by a DEB‐IPM with those observed in an experiment where populations experienced daily food rations that were either positively correlated over time (red noise), negatively (blue noise) or uncorrelated (white noise). We also selectively harvested large adults in half of these populations. The model failed to generate detailed predictions of population structure as juvenile numbers were overestimated; likely because juvenile–adult interference competition was underestimated. The model performed well at the population level as, for both harvested and unharvested populations, simulations matched the observed, long‐term stochastic growth rate λs.

We next generalised the model to investigate how stochastic change affects mite λs, which correlated well with the frequency f of experiencing periods of good environment, but, due to the relationship between f and noise colour ρ, did not correlate well with shifts in ρ. The sensitivity of λs to perturbations in life‐history parameters depended on the type of stochastic change, as well as population growth.

Our findings show that responses to differential mortality depend on individual life‐history traits, environmental characteristics and population growth. As long‐term climate change causes ever greater environmental fluctuations, trait‐based approaches will be increasingly important in predicting population responses to change. We therefore conclude by illustrating what questions can be examined with mechanistic trait‐based models like the DEB‐IPM, the answers to which will advance our knowledge of the functional links between individual traits, the environment and population dynamics.
Climate change increases ecogeographical isolation between closely related plants
Authors: Duffy Karl J. , Jacquemyn Hans 
Published: June 2018

Abstract

Ecogeographical isolation is a fundamental prezygotic barrier to reproduction and a step towards diversification in flowering plants. However, whether ecogeographical isolation acts as a reproductive barrier between species and thus as a mechanism for species divergence is unclear and is expected to change as species distributions shift under climate change.

Using a Maxent framework, we quantified the extent of ecogeographical isolation of nine closely related species of the European plant genus Pulmonaria, which lack premating barriers and often form hybrids. We investigated ecogeographical isolation under both current conditions and four climate change scenarios; two unrelated future climate models, each with two predictions of the potential trajectories of climate change.

Compared with current climates, under these future climate scenarios, there will be an increase in mean annual temperature, but not in mean annual precipitation in the range of Pulmonaria throughout Europe. This will result in a range contraction in three of the nine Pulmonaria species, a range expansion in two species, and no clear effect of climate change on the ranges of four species.

Climate change will result in an overall increase in ecogeographical isolation between these species in future. In particular, species that have low ecogeographical isolation under current conditions are predicted to increase the most in their ecogeographical isolation under climate change.

Synthesis. These results highlight that climate change can strongly impact on a major premating barrier of closely related species, therefore potentially affect the evolutionary trajectory of plants in the future.
Combination of competitive PCR and cultivation methods for differential enumeration of viable Lactobacillus acidophilus in bio‐yoghurts
Authors: Shakeri Monir‐Sadat , Shahidi Fakhri , Mortazavi Ali , Bahrami Ahmad Reza , Nassiri Mohammad Reza 
Published: June 2018

To ensure the presence of viable Lactobacillus acidophilus in bio‐yoghurts, competitive PCR (cPCR) method was optimised using certain amounts of the recombinant plasmid as a non‐homologous competitor. Results showed that this method was well‐suited to detect and identify approximately 1.3 × 104 cfu/mL of L. acidophilus bacteria. The developed cPCR method was comparable to the cultivation method with a limit of quantification of approximately 104 cfu/g L. acidophilus bacteria. However, the use of MRS‐bile agar medium alone was not enough for an accurate enumeration of viable L. acidophilus bacteria in commercial bio‐yoghurts. We concluded that the combined assay can be used as a more reliable and cost‐effective alternative for the quality assurance of acidophilus yoghurts.
Audit Firm Tenure, Bank Complexity, and Financial Reporting Quality
Authors: Bratten Brian , Causholli Monika , Omer Thomas C. 
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACTTheory from organizations and economics research posits that in an inter‐organizational relationship, both parties invest in relationship‐specific knowledge, which in turn facilitates the effectiveness of the relationship while strengthening the attachment between the parties. In complex settings where there are more opportunities for knowledge creation, the investments will be larger and the attachment stronger. Because banks are complex institutions that present unique challenges to auditors, we suggest that effective audits critically depend on the accumulation of significant investments in client‐specific expertise through a long association with the client. We find a positive association between audit firm tenure and financial reporting quality, and this association is particularly strong in banks that are more complex. Also, contrary to recent research we find that benefits of audit firm tenure for complex banks accrue even for long tenure and are not limited to medium tenure. Our findings largely support the notion that a long relationship with the client reflects the underlying demand for expertise, which is critical for high‐quality audits of complex organizations. Imposing short‐term limits on audit firms would adversely affect the investments in client‐specific expertise especially in the cases where this expertise is needed the most. Our findings do not support calls for mandatory audit firm rotation for large complex institutions.
Joint analysis of multiple phenotypes in association studies using allele‐based clustering approach for non‐normal distributions
Authors: Liang Xiaoyu , Sha Qiuying , Zhang Shuanglin 
Published: June 2018

AbstractIn the study of complex diseases, several correlated phenotypes are usually measured. There is also increasing evidence showing that testing the association between a single‐nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and multiple‐dependent phenotypes jointly is often more powerful than analyzing only one phenotype at a time. Therefore, developing statistical methods to test for genetic association with multiple phenotypes has become increasingly important. In this paper, we develop an Allele‐based Clustering Approach (ACA) for the joint analysis of multiple non‐normal phenotypes in association studies. In ACA, we consider the alleles at a SNP of interest as a dependent variable with two classes, and the correlated phenotypes as predictors to predict the alleles at the SNP of interest. We perform extensive simulation studies to evaluate the performance of ACA and compare the power of ACA with the powers of Adaptive Fisher's Combination test, Trait‐based Association Test that uses Extended Simes procedure, Fisher's Combination test, the standard MANOVA, and the joint model of Multiple Phenotypes. Our simulation studies show that the proposed method has correct type I error rates and is much more powerful than other methods for some non‐normal distributions.
Risk, pattern and survival impact of second primary tumors in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma following definitive intensity‐modulated radiotherapy
Authors: Chow James C.H. , Au Kwok Hung , Mang Oscar W.K. , Cheung Ka Man , Ngan Roger K.C. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractAimSecond primary tumor (SPT) is a serious late complication after definitive radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). We evaluated the incidence, pattern, risk factors and survival impact of SPT in NPC patients following definitive intensity‐modulated radiotherapy (IMRT).MethodsA retrospective review of 780 consecutive IMRT‐treated NPC patients between February 2003 and September 2011 was conducted. Cumulative SPT incidence and overall survival after SPT diagnosis were estimated. Associations between clinical characteristics and SPT risk were analyzed. Standardized incidence ratios (SIR) were calculated using age, gender and calendar‐year–specific cancer incidences from the Hong Kong Cancer Registry.ResultsAt a median follow‐up of 7.5 years, 51 SPTs (6.7%) were identified, 22 (43.1%) of which occurred within previous radiotherapy fields. Tongue cancers (31.8%) and sarcomas of the head and neck (31.8%) were the most common in‐field SPTs. Age [hazard ratio (HR), 1.051; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.025–1.078] and smoking status (HR, 1.755; 95% CI, 1.002–3.075) were independent risk factors associated with SPT development. Median overall survival after SPT diagnosis was 2.9 years. There was an 84% increase in cancer risk (SIR, 1.84; 95% CI, 1.37–2.42) compared with the general population. Significant excess risks were observed for sarcoma, tongue, oropharyngeal, prostate and liver cancer. Excess risks were higher beyond 5 years of follow‐up.ConclusionSubstantial risk of SPT, especially for in‐field sarcoma and tongue cancers, exists after definitive IMRT for NPC. SPT severely negates longevity of NPC survivors. High awareness and careful surveillance is warranted for this late lethal complication.
nab‐Paclitaxel plus gemcitabine in metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma: Australian subset analyses of the phase III MPACT trial
Authors: Young Rosemary , Mainwaring Paul , Clingan Philip , Parnis Francis Xavier , Asghari Gholamreza , Beale Philip , Aly Abdalla , Botteman Marc , Romano Alfredo , Ferrara Stefano , Margunato‐Debay Sandra , Harris Marion 
Published: June 2018

AbstractAimThe phase III MPACT trial (N = 861) demonstrated superior overall survival (OS) with first‐line nab‐paclitaxel plus gemcitabine versus gemcitabine alone (median, 8.7 months vs 6.6 months; hazard ratio [HR], 0.72; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.62–0.83; P < 0.001) in patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer. The efficacy benefit of the combination over gemcitabine alone was observed across patient subgroups, including those based on region. This subset analysis was designed to examine the safety and efficacy of nab‐paclitaxel plus gemcitabine in patients treated in Australia to understand whether differences in patient population or regional variations in patient care had any impact on clinical outcomes.MethodsPatients with metastatic pancreatic cancer received first‐line nab‐paclitaxel plus gemcitabine or gemcitabine alone in the MPACT study; this analysis focused on those treated in Australia.ResultsIn the Australian cohort, 120 patients were randomized to receive nab‐paclitaxel plus gemcitabine (n = 61) or gemcitabine alone (n = 59). Median OS was 9.4 months with nab‐paclitaxel plus gemcitabine versus 6.7 months with gemcitabine alone (HR, 0.64; 95% CI, 0.44–0.94; P = 0.022). Progression‐free survival (median, 5.5 months vs 3.6 months; HR, 0.65; 95% CI, 0.42–1.00; P = 0.049) and the overall response rate (23% vs 2%; P < 0.001) were significantly improved with the combination. No new safety signals were observed.ConclusionsThe results of this subset analysis confirm the efficacy and manageable safety profile of nab‐paclitaxel plus gemcitabine in patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer treated in Australia.