bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of Aromatic Herb Flavoring on Carotenoids and Volatile Compounds in Edible Oil From Blue Sweet Lupin (Lupinus angustifolius)
Authors: Multari Salvatore , Marsol‐Vall Alexis , Yang Baoru , Suomela Jukka‐Pekka 
Published: August 2018

This study investigates the carotenoid and volatile compositions of one sample of lupin oil (Lupinus angustifolius) and five samples of lupin oil flavored with aromatic herbs, namely, basil, chives, rosemary, sage, and thyme. Flavored oils are obtained by macerating lupin oil with the herbs for 15 days, in the dark at 15 ± 1 °C. Overall 11 carotenoids are identified by HPLC‐DAD‐MS‐(APCI). (all‐E)‐Lutein and β‐carotene are the most abundant. Thyme flavored oil results the richest in carotenoids, with a cumulative carotenoid content of 195 ± 13 μg mL−1. Volatile organic compounds are detected by HS‐SPME‐GC/MS analysis. Overall, 50 aroma compounds are determined, with alcohols, furans, and terpenoids being the most abundant classes. Chives flavored oil is the only sample to provide organosulfur compounds. Qualitatively, terpenoids are responsible for great differences among the samples, since unique terpenoid profiles are observed, for example, isoterpinolene is detected only in sage flavored oil, β‐myrcene in rosemary flavored oil, and thymol in thyme flavored oil. The relative odor activity value (ROAV) is determined and employed to evaluate the contributions of the single compounds to the overall odor. The compounds with the greatest odor activity are 3‐hexen‐1‐ol, hexanal, α‐pinene, eucalyptol, and 2‐pentylfuran.Practical Applications: Aromatic herbs have been traditionally used to enhance the flavor of food. The effects of herbs addition on lupin products has not been investigated yet. Additionally, this is the first study that explores some quality characteristics of commercial lupin oil. Data indicate that the maceration of lupin oil with aromatic herbs has limited effects on the content of total carotenoids, nonetheless, it modifies markedly the composition and relative proportions of the volatile organic compounds, and likely the overall aromas. Consumers are generally not familiar with the culinary use of lupin oil, nevertheless, the aromatization with herbs could increase its use. Lupin oil results rich in carotenoids. This is useful information for the production of functional products with healthy properties. Lupin oil can be recommended as a carotenoid‐rich product and as an alternative to more traditional table oils. Data from this study can contribute to the economic valorization of lupin oil.This study assesses the effects of the maceration of lupin oil with aromatic herbs, e.g., basil, chives, rosemary, sage, and thyme on the content of volatile organic compounds, and investigates the carotenoid profile of the flavored oils. Flavored oils are prepared by macerating lupin oil with the herbs (6% w/w) for 15 days, in the dark at 15 ± 1°C. Plain lupin oil and basil, chives, and thyme flavored oils are relatively rich in 2‐pentylfuran, whereas rosemary flavored oil is abundant in α‐pinene. (all‐E)‐Lutein is the predominant carotenoid in all the experimental oils, followed by β‐carotene.
Scientific Advisory Committees at the World Health Organization: A Qualitative Study of How Their Design Affects Quality, Relevance, and Legitimacy
Authors: Gopinathan Unni , Hoffman Steven J. , Ottersen Trygve 
Published: August 2018

AbstractGovernments and international organizations frequently convene scientific advisory committees (SACs) to support decision‐making with scientific advice. In this study, thematic analysis of interviews with 35 senior WHO staff identified five main themes characterizing WHO's experience with designing SACs to ensure quality, relevance, and legitimacy of scientific advice. First, in addition to technical matters, SACs are established to serve broader strategic objectives, including consensus building to promote high‐level political messages. Second, for SACs to be fully independent, they must have autonomy from the institutions convening or funding them, from the institutions from where SAC members are recruited, and from the institutions to whom the advice is directed. Third, since choices affecting quality, relevance, and legitimacy are closely linked, designing SACs often require trade‐offs among these three attributes. Fourth, staff supporting SACs need to balance between safeguarding SACs from external influence and being receptive to the external political environment. Fifth, the design of SACs need to balance the involvement of stakeholders with the power to act on recommendations against the need to protect the independence and integrity of the scientific process. Overall, this study highlights key choices conveners of SACs must make when seeking to promote quality, relevance, and legitimacy of scientific advice.
Decreased gastrostomy tube incidence and weight loss after transoral robotic surgery for low‐ to intermediate‐risk oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Heah Harold , Goepfert Ryan P. , Hutcheson Katherine A. , Garden Adam S. , Gunn G. Brandon , Fuller Clifton D. , Lewin Jan S. , Kupferman Michael E. , Holsinger F. Christopher , Hessel Amy C. , Gross Neil D. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractBackgroundFunctional outcomes after treatment for oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) are increasingly prioritized. The purpose of this study was to investigate the incidence of gastrostomy tube placement and weight loss in patients with oropharyngeal SCC who may be eligible for either transoral robotic surgery (TORS) or nonsurgical management.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective review of previously untreated T1 to T2 and N0 to N2b oropharyngeal SCC to determine the rates of gastrostomy tube placement and weight loss according to Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) criteria. Multivariate regression models were fit to compare these end points between groups.ResultsTwo hundred twenty‐three patients were included, comprised of 66 patients who underwent TORS and 157 patients who underwent (chemo)radiation. Thirty‐two (48.5%) of the TORS patients received adjuvant radiation. On multivariate analysis, patients treated nonsurgically were 10.6 times and 8.1 times more likely to receive a gastrostomy tube and experience greater than CTCAE grade 1 weight loss, respectively.ConclusionIn selected patients with oropharyngeal SCC, TORS may help avoid critical weight loss and gastrostomy tube placement in the acute treatment period.
Neuraminidase‐mediated desialylation augments AAV9‐mediated gene expression in skeletal muscle
Authors: Zhu Hongling , Wang Tao , John Lye Robert , French Brent A. , Annex Brian H. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractBackgroundFollowing systemic delivery, AAV9‐mediated gene expression is significantly increased in ischemic versus non‐ischemic muscle, suggesting that AAV9 is an attractive vector for treating peripheral arterial disease. Potential mechanisms underlying ischemia‐augmented expression include: (i) increased vascular permeability and (ii) “unmasking” of endogenous AAV9 receptors. In the present study, we aimed to reconstitute the ischemic induction of AAV9 in vivo, using local injection of histamine (to increase vascular permeability) and neuraminidase (to desialylate cell surface glycans).MethodsBioassays were performed to optimize the effects of histamine and neuraminidase after intramuscular injection. Histamine and/or neuraminidase were then injected intramuscularly shortly before intravenous injection of an AAV9 vector expressing luciferase. Luciferase expression was serially assessed with bioluminescence imaging. At the end of the study, tissues were harvested for assays of luciferase activity and AAV9 genome copy number aiming to assess AAV‐mediated gene expression and transduction, respectively.ResultsIntramuscular injection of either neuraminidase or neuraminidase plus histamine significantly increased both transduction and gene expression, whereas histamine alone had little effect. Pre‐injection with neuraminidase increased AAV9‐mediated gene delivery by four‐ to nine‐fold and luciferase activity by 60–100‐fold. Luciferase activity in neuraminidase‐injected muscle was > 100‐fold higher than in any off‐target tissue (including heart, liver and brain).ConclusionsThe ischemic induction of AAV9‐mediated gene expression in muscle can largely be reconstituted by pre‐injecting neuraminidase intranmuscularly. This strategy may prove useful in future human gene therapy protocols as a quick and efficient means to selectively target systemically injected AAV9 to localized regions of muscle, thus decreasing the potential for adverse effects in off‐target tissues.
Prospective comparison between DCE‐MRR and 99mTc‐DTPA‐based SPECT for determination of allograft renal function
Authors: Wan‐Li Zhou , Jun Tao , Yu‐Dong Zhang , Fei Shuang , Zhijian Han , Chen‐Jiang Wu , Zijie Wang , Yongjun Li , Hongliang Que , Zhengkai Huang , Zengjun Wang , Ruoyun Tan , Min Gu 
Published: August 2018

BackgroundGlomerular filtration rate (GFR) is a preferred indicator of allograft renal function, but direct measurement of GFR remains complicated.PurposeTo prospectively compare dynamic contrast‐enhanced MR renography (DCE‐MRR) with 99mTc‐DTPA‐based single‐photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) for determination of allograft renal function.Study TypeProspective.PopulationSeventy kidney‐transplant recipientsField StrengthA low‐dose DCE‐MRR with a 3.0T scanner and a 99mTc‐DTPA‐based SPECT after renal transplantation were performed.AssessmentA Baumann‐Rudin (BR) and a modified two‐compartment model (JZ2C) were used for DCE‐MRR analysis. Standard Gate's method was used for SPECT analysis. An endogenous creatinine clearance rate (CCr) constituted the reference standard.Statistical TestsPearson correlation test and Bland–Altman agreement analysis.ResultsThe reference CCr‐GFR was 59.58 ± 23.72 mL/min/1.73 m2. GFR determined by eGFR, BR, JZ2C, and SPECT was 90.22 ± 34.38, 36.78 ± 14.46, 48.99 ± 23.88, and 67.32 ± 18.44 mL/min/1.73 m2, respectively. DCE‐MRR using JZ2C had the best overall performance, with a Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.81, a bias of –10.58 mL/min/1.73 m2, and a precision of 14.61 mL/min/1.73 m2, as well as high accuracy (30–50% intervals: 74.3–90.0%). Although SPECT had a small bias (7.74 mL/min/1.73 m2), it had a poor correlation coefficient (0.38), poor precision (23.93 mL/min/1.73 m2), and low accuracy (64.3–72.3%) as compared with DCE‐MRR using JZ2C.Data ConclusionDCE‐MRR using JZ2C is superior to 99mTc‐DTPA‐based SPECT to determine allograft renal function.Level of Evidence: 2Technical Efficacy: Stage 2J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2019;49:262–269.
Discriminating between empirical studies and nonempirical works using automated text classification
Authors: Langlois Alexis , Nie Jian‐Yun , Thomas James , Hong Quan Nha , Pluye Pierre 
Published: August 2018

Objective: Identify the most performant automated text classification method (eg, algorithm) for differentiating empirical studies from nonempirical works in order to facilitate systematic mixed studies reviews.Methods: The algorithms were trained and validated with 8050 database records, which had previously been manually categorized as empirical or nonempirical. A Boolean mixed filter developed for filtering MEDLINE records (title, abstract, keywords, and full texts) was used as a baseline. The set of features (eg, characteristics from the data) included observable terms and concepts extracted from a metathesaurus. The efficiency of the approaches was measured using sensitivity, precision, specificity, and accuracy.Results: The decision trees algorithm demonstrated the highest performance, surpassing the accuracy of the Boolean mixed filter by 30%. The use of full texts did not result in significant gains compared with title, abstract, keywords, and records. Results also showed that mixing concepts with observable terms can improve the classification.Significance: Screening of records, identified in bibliographic databases, for relevant studies to include in systematic reviews can be accelerated with automated text classification.
Novel Sugar‐Based Gemini Surfactants and Their Surface Properties
Authors: Gan Changsheng , Li Hong , Cai Kunliang 
Published: August 2018

AbstractA group of novel sugar‐based gemini surfactants, N, N′‐bis(2‐hydroxy‐3‐alkyloxylpropyl) ‐N, N′‐bis(gluconylamide)‐ethylenediamine (alkyl: n‐C8H17, n‐C12H25, n‐C14H29, n‐C16H33), were synthesized and characterized. Their surface properties, including surface tension, γ, critical micelle concentration, CMC, maximum surface excess, Гmax, minimum area per molecule, Amin, and standard free energy of micellization and adsorption, and , were investigated. The members of this family could reduce the surface tension of water to approximately 20–25 mN m−1 at the concentration level of 10−5 mol L−1, considerably lower than that commonly achieved with monomeric surfactants. Their adsorption and aggregation behavior were further studied by means of dynamic light scattering and X‐ray diffraction. The relationship of the aggregate size of the synthesized gemini surfactants with the length of the hydrocarbon chain and their concentration was discussed.
Task‐driven latent active correction for physics‐inspired input method in near‐field mixed reality applications
Authors: Zhang Zhenliang , Li Yue , Guo Jie , Weng Dongdong , Liu Yue , Wang Yongtian 
Published: August 2018

AbstractCalibration accuracy is one of the most important factors to affect the user experience in mixed reality applications. For a typical mixed reality system built with the optical see‐through head‐mounted display, a key problem is how to guarantee the accuracy of hand–eye coordination by decreasing the instability of the eye and the head‐mounted display in long‐term use. In this paper, we propose a real‐time latent active correction algorithm to decrease hand–eye calibration errors accumulated over time. Experimental results show that we can guarantee an effective calibration result and improve the user experience with the proposed latent active correction algorithm. Based on the proposed system, experiments about virtual buttons are also designed, and the interactive performance regarding different scales of virtual buttons is presented. Finally, a direct physics‐inspired input method is constructed, which shares a similar performance with the gesture‐based input method but provides a lower learning cost due to its naturalness.
Increased current flow enhances the risk of organic carbon loss from Zostera marina sediments: Insights from a flume experiment
Authors: Dahl Martin , Infantes Eduardo , Clevesjö Rosanna , Linderholm Hans W. , Björk Mats , Gullström Martin 
Published: August 2018

AbstractHydrodynamic processes are important for carbon storage dynamics in seagrass meadows, where periods of increased hydrodynamic activity could result in erosion and the loss of buried carbon. To estimate hydrodynamic impacts on the resuspension of organic carbon (Corg) in seagrass‐vegetated sediments, we exposed patches (0.35 × 0.35 cm) of Zostera marina (with different biomass, shoot densities, and sediment properties) to gradually increased unidirectional (current) flow velocities ranging from low (5 cm s−1) to high (26 cm s−1) in a hydraulic flume with a standardized water column height of 0.12 m. We found that higher flow velocities substantially increased (by more than threefold) the proportion of Corg in the suspended sediment resulting in a loss of up to 5.5% ± 1.7% (mean ± SE) Corg from the surface sediment. This was presumably due to increased surface erosion of larger, carbon‐rich detritus particles. Resuspension of Corg in the seagrass plots correlated with sediment properties (i.e., bulk density, porosity, and sedimentary Corg) and seagrass plant structure (i.e., belowground biomass). However, shoot density had no influence on Corg resuspension (comparing unvegetated sediments with sparse, moderate, and dense seagrass bed types), which could be due to the relatively low shoot density in the experimental setup (with a maximum of 253 shoots m−2) reflecting natural conditions of the Swedish west coast. The projected increase in the frequency and intensity of hydrodynamic forces due to climate change could thus negatively affect the function of seagrass meadows as natural carbon sinks.
Chiral thiophene derivatives with optimal two‐photon absorption in near‐infrared window I and II
Authors: Ye Chuanxiang , Wang Bin , Ren Can , Zhang Teng , Gao Yang , Zhang Junmin , He Tingchao 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThiophene derivatives are outstanding organic materials due to their wide spectral response, superior optoelectronic properties, and excellent environmental stability, which have attracted widespread attention in both theory and applications. However, their chiral analogues and corresponding chiroptical behaviors have been rarely investigated. Herein, a series of chiral thiophene derivatives are firstly designed by taking both optical chirality and two‐photon absorption (TPA) response into consideration, and are then investigated by modern analytical response theory. The calculated results demonstrate that these novel chiral thiophene derivatives show optimal TPA in the near‐infrared (NIR) window I and II, indicating that they are promising for biological applications. More importantly, they exhibit reasonable two‐photon circular dichroism (TPCD) signals, which are desirable candidates for chiral recognition regions. Furthermore, the calculations of orbital transitions shed light on that the intramolecular charge transfer plays an important role in their excellent TPA and TPCD behaviors in NIR regions.
Approaches, success factors, and barriers for technology transfer in software engineering—Results of a systematic literature review
Authors: Brings Jennifer , Daun Marian , Brinckmann Sarah , Keller Kevin , Weyer Thorsten 
Published: August 2018

AbstractIntroductionTechnology transfer aims at supporting the transfer of results from software engineering research from academia to industrial application.ObjectiveThis paper reports on the current state of technology transfer in software engineering.MethodWe conducted a systematic literature review, in which we investigated 3070 papers. We identified in total 70 relevant papers, which were subject of a detailed analysis.ResultsMany different approaches are proposed to foster technology transfer in software engineering. The majority of these approaches suggest direct collaboration between industry and academia or teaching new technologies in industrial training or university education. In addition, a considerable number of experience reports on technology transfer exist. Hence, a multitude of best practices, success stories, and lessons learned is reported. Among others, empirical evidence, maturity, and adaptability of the technology seem important preconditions for successful transfer, while social and organizational factors seem important barriers to successful technology transfer.ConclusionOur findings can aid software engineering researchers in determining how best to support the transfer of their research results into practice. Furthermore, analysis of the literature also revealed that no reports exist on the combination of various technology transfer approaches, which could increase advantages of existing approaches while reducing their disadvantages.
Dynamic RNA holo‐editosomes with subcomplex variants: Insights into the control of trypanosome editing
Authors: Cruz‐Reyes Jorge , Mooers Blaine H. M. , Doharey Pawan K. , Meehan Joshua , Gulati Shelly 
Published: August 2018

RNA editing causes massive remodeling of the mitochondrial mRNA transcriptome in trypanosomes and related kinetoplastid protozoa. This type of editing involves the specific insertion or deletion of uridylates (U) directed by small noncoding guide RNAs (gRNAs). Because U‐insertion exceeds U‐deletion by a factor of 10, editing increases the nascent mRNA size by up to 55%. In Trypanosoma brucei, the editing apparatus uses ~40 proteins and >1,200 gRNAs to create the functional open reading frame in 12 mRNAs. Thousands of sites are specifically recognized in the pre‐edited mRNAs and a myriad of partially edited transcript intermediates accumulates in mitochondria. The control of editing is poorly understood, but past work suggests that it occurs during substrate recognition, the initiation and progression of editing, and during the life‐cycle in different hosts. The growing understanding of the editing proteins offers clues about editing control. Most editing proteins reside in the “RNA‐free” RNA editing core complex (RECC) and in the accessory RNA editing substrate complex (RESC) that contains gRNA. Two accessory RNA helicases are known, including one in the RNA editing helicase 2 complex (REH2C). Both the RESC and the REH2C associate with mRNA, providing a rationale for the assembly of mRNA or its mRNPs, RESC, and the RECC enzyme. Identified variants of the canonical editing complexes further complicate the model of RNA editing. We examine specific examples of complex variants, differential effects of editing proteins on the mRNAs within and between T. brucei life stages, and possible control points in RNA holo‐editosomes.This article is categorized under:
RNA Processing > RNA Editing and Modification
RNA Interactions with Proteins and Other Molecules > RNA–Protein Complexes
RNA Interactions with Proteins and Other Molecules > Protein–RNA Interactions: Functional Implications
A model for cellular mechanotransduction and contractility at finite strain
Authors: Bouklas N. , Sakar M. S. , Curtin W. A. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractIn this work we introduce a theoretical and computational modeling framework for the contractile response of single cells triggered by external mechanical stimuli. The structural response due to the formation and dissociation of stress fibers is modeled following isotropic anisotropic contractile phases with an orientation that evolves with time and strain. The passive and active structural components are postulated to act in parallel, and the re‐orientation process drives the anisotropic phase of stress fiber orientation to align with the direction of the maximum principal stretch. A reduced form of the Hai‐Murphy model is used to follow kinetics of myosin states considering the combined effect of “latch”‐ and “cross”‐bridge states. The introduction of distinct isotropic and anisotropic activation allows modeling of the contractile intensity of each phase. Tractions on the cell surface initiate bio‐chemical signaling through the RhoA pathway, which in turn controls both myosin contraction and F‐actin polymerization. A signaling model is introduced to effectively connect intracellular events with the tractions on the cell surface. The overall model is defined by a free energy density function that couples the deformation and the activation, and associated equilibrium and kinetic models for evolution. Features of the model are highlighted via implementation in a finite element model and application to benchmark problems. The model captures the dynamic contractile responses of cells and stress fiber re‐alignment under complex load histories. For example, physiologically relevant scenario such as relaxation of cells to their initial state upon removal of applied loads can be simulated.