bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sentinel fracture: the necessity of improved post-fracture care
Authors: Kerschan-Schindl Katharina , Widhalm Harald , Pataraia Anna , Nicolakis Peter , Frossard Martin , Keilani Mohammad , Mickel Michael , Hajdu Stefan , Crevenna Richard 
Published: November 2024

Summary
Fragility fractures caused by osteoporosis, the most common metabolic bone disease, place a significant burden on affected individuals and impose substantial economic costs. A fragility fracture implies an imminent elevated risk for subsequent fractures, particularly in the short term. Therefore, osteoporosis must be addressed in the event of a sentinel fracture, if not already previously treated. Regardless of whether the fracture is treated conservatively or surgically, post-fracture care is particularly important. Early mobilization followed by fall risk assessment and the initiation of adequate bone-specific medication are essential milestones in preventing subsequent fractures. Monitoring patients increases adherence to bone-specific medication and fall prevention strategies. Comprehensive post-fracture care is important and should be performed by a multidisciplinary team. Coordinated care models, such as the fracture liaison service (FLS), have shown enhancements in the initiation of and adherence to secondary prevention of fragility fractures. Despite recommendations by several guidelines including that published by the Austrian Society for Bone and Mineral Research, only one fracture liaison service has been implemented in Austria.
Going Around in Circles
Authors: Kooi Barteld 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis paper tries to reconcile the clash between argumentation theory and formal logic regarding circular arguments, which are regarded as the fallacy of begging the question by the former, and a benign and useful inference pattern by the latter. This paper provides a formal system which can represent circular arguments found in the literature. The formal system makes it possible to distinguish two ways in which arguments can be circular. The first type of circularity, which is vicious, is when an argument is based on an inference step which is (indirectly) supported by that inference step itself. The second kind of circularity, which is benign, occurs when one of the premises is the same proposition as the conclusion. The first type of circularity implies the second type of circularity, but not the other way round. This distinction is in line with other approaches to circular arguments. Analyzing selected examples from the literature shows the value of the formal system.
Immunotherapy for leptomeningeal disease from solid tumors: current clinical outcomes and future opportunities
Authors: Smith Eleanor C. , Mott Bryan T , Douglas Emily , Tatter Stephen B. , Watabe Kounosuke 
Published: November 2024

AbstractLeptomeningeal disease is a debilitating, late-stage form of metastatic cancer disseminated within the cerebrospinal fluid, subarachnoid space, and leptomeninges, leading to significant neurological morbidity and mortality. As systemic cancer treatments improve, rates of leptomeningeal disease have increased, yet prognosis remains exceedingly poor. A wide range of treatment modalities have been trialed; however, no standard of care has been established. Additionally, many clinical trials exclude patients with leptomeningeal disease, limiting available prospective data. In this review, we discuss the efficacy of immunotherapy for leptomeningeal disease from solid tumors including systemic and intrathecal therapies, as well as combined therapy regimens. Our review indicates a continued deficiency in the current prospective literature and highlights ongoing research regarding the leptomeningeal immune microenvironment, which will be critical in directing future study of leptomeningeal disease treatment. Currently, the efficacy of immunotherapies on leptomeningeal disease appears limited, and further prospective research is needed to draw significant conclusions. However, recent advancement in understanding the leptomeningeal microenvironment points to potential efficacy of novel immunotherapies targeting the innate immune system, and further study is warranted to evaluate the efficacy of these treatments in this subpopulation of patients.
International mobility after the PhD: exploring the characteristics and early labour market outcomes of UK doctoral graduates
Authors: Dias Lopes Alice , Hancock Sally 
Published: November 2024

AbstractWhile the mobility patterns of first-degree students and graduates have been extensively researched, there is limited understanding of the international mobility of doctoral graduates. This article examines the early outbound mobility of UK domiciled doctoral graduates. Informed by human capital and signalling theory, we analyse the Higher Education Statistics Agency’s Destination of Leavers from Higher Education survey (n = 28,535), to consider whether mobility (1) differs by graduates’ socio-demographic background and PhD programme characteristics and (2) is associated with different early labour market outcomes. We find that individual socio-demographic background and PhD programme characteristics have a statistically significant effect on international mobility 6 months after graduation. International mobility is significantly higher among Oxbridge and STEM doctoral graduates. We observe a small positive association between international mobility and PhD graduates' salary. International mobility after the PhD is highly associated with the probability of securing an academic and research role or a postdoctoral contract. Our findings are consistent with existing research on scientific careers which identifies a ‘mover’s advantage’. We propose that international mobility can be framed as a human capital investment that enables self-advancement within the competition for research employment. The norms of the knowledge economy and global science reward doctoral graduates with international experience, which acts as a positive signal of productive capability. Our insights are germane to a variety of stakeholders concerned with continuing doctoral expansion and indicate the scientific and economic importance of ensuring equitable access to mobility opportunities.
Effect of Au-deposited ceramic nanoparticles on SAC305/Cu solder joints
Authors: Plevachuk Yuriy , Poverzhuk Viktor , Švec Sr Peter , Švec Peter , Orovcik Lubomir , Bajana Otto 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis work considers ways to increase the stability of solder joints in a wide range of temperatures, which are extremely important in microelectronic devices. For this purpose, the effects of adding nanosized ceramic admixtures Al2O3, SiO2, TiO2, and ZrO2 coated by Au into the Sn–3.5Ag–0.5Cu lead-free solder alloys on the microstructure and shear strength of the joints between the nanocomposite solder and a copper substrate were studied both at room temperature, as well as after a two-month exposure at sub-zero temperatures. The uncoated and Au-deposited ceramic nanoparticles were analyzed by transmission electron microscopy, and EDS elemental analysis reflected their distribution in the solder material. The microstructure analysis of the solder joints was carried out using the scanning electron microscope. The push-off experimental method was applied for determination of the shear strength, one of the most important mechanical properties of soldered joints. The obtained experimental results indicate that addition of the nanosized ceramic admixtures sputtered with gold to the basic solder matrix leads to a decrease in the growth rate of intermetallic layers in the soldered joints. The result is an improvement in the shear strength of these joints. Similar studies conducted after samples were kept for 2 months at 253 K (− 20 °C) did not lead to a significant deterioration of shear strength, which indicates their suitability to be used for soldering parts of microelectronic devices operating not only at room and elevated temperatures but also at sub-zero temperature range.
Income Fluctuations and Subjective Well-being: The Mediating Effects of Occupational Switching and Remittances
Authors: Tokhirov Azizbek 
Published: November 2024

AbstractDoes money bring happiness? To answer this question, I study the consequences of income fluctuations caused by commodity price changes on well-being patterns in regions specializing in export agriculture. Using nationally representative survey data in a difference-in-differences framework, I investigate the effects of the 2010/11 short-term increase in the global price of cotton. I demonstrate that it can be viewed as a positive income shock for the cotton-producing communities of Tajikistan. The main results indicate that the net subjective well-being effects of the cotton price increase are negative: exposure to the shock at the aggregate level is associated with a notable decrease in the reported levels of financial and life satisfaction. To explain this paradox, I consider split sample analyses, which suggest that the shock led to within-community occupational sorting and that its well-being effects are negative among households that were in the agriculture sector before the shock and barely positive for newly become farmers. Observing the increasing volume of remittances in the world and their significance to the economy of Tajikistan, I also study how remittances affect the relationship between income volatility and happiness. Further estimations reveal that family remittances are not significantly affected by and can partially mediate the negative effects of short-term income changes. The mediating effects of remittances only affect financial satisfaction, suggesting that a mere compensation of losses does not fully restore the quality of life.
Study of Wine Grape Pomaces from Different Vintages Regarding Their Use as Reliable Sustainable Antioxidants in Biobased Poly(Butylene Succinate)
Authors: Hiller Benedikt T. , Schübel Lea , Rennert Mirko , Krieg David , Nase Michael , Puch Florian 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Biopolyesters such as poly(butylene succinate) (PBS) show great potential to be used as biobased alternatives to conventional petroleum-based polyolefins. To access technical applications, biobased materials are mostly stabilized using conventional additives, which impair their biobased character. Wine grape pomace (WP), a largely unused, low-value by-product of winemaking, shows great potential to improve the thermo-oxidative stability. Since WP is a natural material, annual variations must be considered for its use as stabilizing bio-filler on an industrial scale. This study investigates the impact of annual variations of WP on the stabilizing effects in PBS. WP of two different varieties and three vintages were studied. The composition and properties of the native by-products were analyzed, and WP-based functional fillers were prepared by industrial mill-drying. The bio-fillers obtained were analyzed regarding their physical, thermal, biochemical, and antioxidant properties and blended into PBS with filler contents up to 20 wt.-% by twin-screw extrusion. The biocomposites’ thermal and thermo-oxidative properties were investigated subsequently. All WP varieties and vintages increased the thermo-oxidative stability of PBS by at least 24% at a filler content of 3 wt.-%, demonstrating the potential of WP as a reliable stabilizer. However, the maximum stabilization effect achieved varied slightly. The results of this study showed that minor differences in the bio-filler properties can be related to meteorological data, while the antioxidant activity, pH, and fat content could be used as bioanalytical indicators to evaluate the thermo-oxidative stabilization effects of WP-based functional fillers to enable reliable industrial applications of WP as a polymer stabilizer.
Evolution of flood protection levels and flood vulnerability in Europe since 1950 estimated with vine-copula models
Authors: Paprotny Dominik , ’t Hart Cornelis Marcel Pieter , Morales-Nápoles Oswaldo 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The magnitude of flood impacts is regulated not only by hydrometeorological hazard and exposure, but also flood protection levels (primarily from structural flood defenses) and vulnerability (relative loss at given intensity of hazard). Here, we infer the variation of protection levels and vulnerability from data on historical riverine, coastal, and compound floods and associated impacts obtained from the HANZE database, in 42 European countries over the period 1950–2020. We contrast actual damaging floods, which imply flood protection was locally inadequate, with modelled potential floods, i.e. events that were hydrologically extreme but did not lead to significant impacts, which imply that flood protection was sufficient to prevent losses. Further, we compare the reported magnitude of impacts (fatalities, population affected, and economic losses) with potential impacts computed with depth-damage functions. We finally derive the spatial and temporal drivers of both flood protection and vulnerability through a multivariate statistical analysis. We apply vine-copulas to derive the best predictors out of a set of candidate variables, including hydrological parameters of floods, exposure to floods, socioeconomic development, and governance indicators. Our results show that riverine flood protection levels are much lower than assumed in previous pan-European studies. North-western Europe is shown to have better riverine protection than the south and east, while the divide is not so clear for coastal protection. By contrast, many parts of western Europe have relatively high vulnerability, with lowest value observed in central and northern Europe. Still, a strong decline in flood vulnerability over time is also observed for all three indicators of relative losses, suggesting improved flood adaptation. Flood protection levels have also improved since 1950, particularly for coastal floods.
Agricultural droughts and under-five mortality in Côte d’Ivoire: Differential impacts across social and demographic groups
Authors: Andriano Liliana 
Published: November 2024

AbstractLittle research explores how climate extremes affect early childhood mortality in sub-Saharan Africa, despite great vulnerability to both climate extremes and high rates of early childhood mortality. Although there have been substantial improvements in early childhood mortality in recent decades, climate change threatens to offset this progress. Focusing on the case of Côte d’Ivoire, I combine individual-level data from the Demographic and Health Surveys with high-resolution climate data to investigate how and when in-utero exposure to severe agricultural droughts influences early childhood mortality. I find that in-utero exposure to severe agricultural droughts increases the probability of under-five mortality, and most recent droughts seem to exert the greatest impact. I also find that boys and children born into families with little to no formal education are highly vulnerable to drought exposure during gestation. Maternal education mitigates the negative impact of droughts on under-five survival, regardless of urban or rural residence, suggesting that its protective effects may be linked to specific knowledge, behaviours, and practices that highly educated mothers employ rather than their living environment. These findings carry important lessons for policymakers, emphasising the need for policies that enhance educational opportunities for parents and develop targeted interventions for boys and children from families with little formal education.
Speed of pro-market reforms and entrepreneurial innovation
Authors: Fuentelsaz Lucio , González Consuelo , González Minerva 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis paper examines how pro-market reforms affect entrepreneurial innovation through the lens of the dynamic institution-based view of the firm. We propose that the speed at which changes occur has a positive influence on entrepreneurial innovation. Additionally, we hypothesize that, in highly uncertain environments, entrepreneurs with higher levels of entrepreneurial self-efficacy and those who have recently entered the market are better equipped to respond in terms of innovation. To test our hypotheses, we conduct a multilevel, cross-country analysis using data from the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor for the period 2009–2018, focusing on individual-level measures of entrepreneurial behavior. Our findings largely support our hypotheses, indicating that a high speed of pro-market reforms has a positive effect on entrepreneurial innovation. Furthermore, this relationship is partially mediated by entrepreneurial self-efficacy and is more pronounced among new entrepreneurs compared to established ones.
Ambiguity attitudes of individuals and groups in gain and loss domains
Authors: Minnich Aljoscha , Lange Andreas 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis study measures the differences in ambiguity attitudes of groups and individuals in the gain and loss domains. We elicit ambiguity aversion and ambiguity-generated insensitivity for natural temperature events. We do not find significant differences between individuals and groups in our main sample, yet higher ambiguity aversion and ambiguity-generated insensitivity result for groups in the gain domain when constraining the sample to groups and individuals with a better understanding of the experiment. The group effect on the ambiguity-generated insensitivity is sign-dependent.
Adaptable Accelerometer Signal Processing Pipelines for Smartphone based Evenness Estimation
Authors: Münke Friedrich Rieken , Schenk Manuel , Murr Sandra , Reischl Markus 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Evenness is an essential indicator of road quality. Accelerometer sensors in smartphones offer an accessible and cost-efficient solution for monitoring road evenness. However, the accelerometer signal from smartphones is influenced by various internal and external factors beyond the road’s actual evenness. External factors, in particular, can introduce systematic bias due to differences in vehicle suspension or smartphone mounting methods. In this study, we investigate specific external factors affecting windshield-mounted smartphones and propose a method to automatically adapt accelerometer processing pipelines, improving robustness against such external influences.
Insurance, legal, and financial hardships of childhood and adolescent cancer survivors—a systematic review
Authors: Ospelt Martina , Holmer Pauline , Tinner Eva Maria , Mader Luzius , Hendriks Manya , Michel Gisela , Kälin Sonja , Roser Katharina 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Childhood and adolescent cancer survivors (CACS) experience medical and psychosocial adverse effects. Attention widens to include issues such as socio-bureaucratic hardships. This systematic review synthesized the available evidence on insurance, legal, and financial hardships to better understand the broader picture of socio-bureaucratic hardships as distinct but interrelated types of hardships.

Methods
A systematic search of PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL, and PsycINFO was conducted for publications related to childhood and adolescent cancer; survivors; and insurance, legal, and financial hardships. Narrative data synthesis was performed on the extracted data.

Results
This review included N = 58 publications, originating from 14 different countries, most from the last decade (n = 39). We found that a considerable proportion of CACS experience insurance and financial hardships, including foregoing medical care due to financial constraints, problems paying medical bills, and difficulties accessing loans or insurances. Legal hardships, such as workplace discrimination, were less frequently investigated and reported.

Conclusions
This systematic review highlights the many interrelated socio-bureaucratic hardships faced by CACS. It is important that these hardships are not underestimated or neglected. Our findings can serve as a basis for enhancing and expanding supportive care services and help inform collaborative efforts from research, policy, and practice.

Implications for Cancer Survivors
This review emphasizes the importance of recognizing and addressing the socio-bureaucratic challenges that extend beyond medical care. Survivors should be informed about available options and be aware of their legal rights to identify instances of injustice and seek appropriate support.
Handling shift and irregularities in data through sequential ellipsoidal partitioning
Authors: Niranjan Ranjani , Rao Sachit 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Data irregularities, namely small disjuncts, class skew, imbalance, and outliers significantly affect the performance of classifiers. Another challenge posed to classifiers is when new unlabelled data have different characteristics than the training data; this change is termed as a data shift. In this paper, we focus on identifying small disjuncts and dataset shift using the supervised classifier, sequential ellipsoidal partitioning classifier (SEP-C). This method iteratively partitions the dataset into minimum-volume ellipsoids that contain points of the same label, based on the idea of Reduced Convex Hulls. By allowing an ellipsoid that contains points of one label to contain a few points of the other, such small disjuncts may be identified. Similarly, if new points are accommodated only by expanding one or more of the ellipsoids, then shifts in data can be identified. Small disjuncts are distribution-based irregularities that may be considered as being rare but more error-prone than large disjuncts. Eliminating small disjuncts by removal or pruning is seen to affect the learning of the classifier adversely. Dataset shifts have been identified using Bayesian methods, use of confidence scores, and thresholds—these require prior knowledge of the distributions or heuristics. SEP-C is agnostic of the underlying data distributions, uses a single hyperparameter, and as ellipsoidal partitions are generated, well-known statistical tests can be performed to detect shifts in data; it is also applicable as a supervised classifier when the datasets are highly skewed and imbalanced. We demonstrate the performance of SEP-C with UCI, MNIST handwritten digit image, and synthetically generated datasets.
Parametric Fourier and Mellin transforms of power-constructible functions
Authors: Cluckers Raf , Comte Georges , Servi Tamara 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
We enrich the class of power-constructible functions, introduced in [CCRS23], to a class

$\mathcal {C}^{\mathcal {M,F}}$

of algebras of functions which contains all complex powers of subanalytic functions and their parametric Mellin and Fourier transforms, and which is stable under parametric integration. By describing a set of generators of a special prepared form, we deduce information on the asymptotics and on the loci of integrability of the functions of

$\mathcal {C}^{\mathcal {M,F}}$

. We furthermore identify a subclass

$\mathcal {C}^{\mathbb {C},\mathcal {F}}$

of

$\mathcal {C}^{\mathcal {M,F}}$

, which is the smallest class containing all power-constructible functions and stable under parametric Fourier transforms and right-composition with subanalytic maps. This class is also stable under parametric integration, under taking pointwise and

$\text {L}^p$

-limits and under parametric Fourier-Plancherel transforms. Finally, we give a full asymptotic expansion in the power-logarithmic scale, uniformly in the parameters, for functions in

$\mathcal {C}^{\mathbb {C},\mathcal {F}}$

.