bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The autism- and schizophrenia-associated protein CYFIP1 regulates bilateral brain connectivity and behaviour
Authors: Domínguez-Iturza Nuria , Lo Adrian C. , Shah Disha , Armendáriz Marcelo , Vannelli Anna , Mercaldo Valentina , Trusel Massimo , Li Ka Wan , Gastaldo Denise , Santos Ana Rita , Callaerts-Vegh Zsuzsanna , D’Hooge Rudi , Mameli Manuel , Van der Linden Annemie , Smit August B. , Achsel Tilmann , Bagni Claudia 
Published: August 2019

AbstractCopy-number variants of theCYFIP1gene in humans have been linked to autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and schizophrenia (SCZ), two neuropsychiatric disorders characterized by defects in brain connectivity. Here, we show that CYFIP1 plays an important role in brain functional connectivity and callosal functions. We find thatCyfip1-heterozygous mice have reduced functional connectivity and defects in white matter architecture, similar to phenotypes found in patients with ASD, SCZ and other neuropsychiatric disorders.Cyfip1-deficient mice also present decreased myelination in the callosal axons, altered presynaptic function, and impaired bilateral connectivity. Finally,Cyfip1deficiency leads to abnormalities in motor coordination, sensorimotor gating and sensory perception, which are also known neuropsychiatric disorder-related symptoms. These results show thatCyfip1haploinsufficiency compromises brain connectivity and function, which might explain its genetic association to neuropsychiatric disorders.
Reconfigurable soft body trajectories using unidirectionally stretchable composite laminae
Authors: Kim Sang Yup , Baines Robert , Booth Joran , Vasios Nikolaos , Bertoldi Katia , Kramer-Bottiglio Rebecca 
Published: August 2019

AbstractCompliant, continuum structures allow living creatures to perform complex tasks inaccessible to artificial rigid systems. Although advancements in hyper-elastic materials have spurred the development of synthetic soft structures (i.e., artificial muscles), these structures have yet to match the precise control and diversity of motions witnessed in living creatures. Cephalopods tentacles, for example, can undergo multiple trajectories using muscular hydrostat, a structure consisting of aggregated laminae of unidirectional muscle fibers. Here, we present a self-adhesive composite lamina inspired by the structural morphology of the muscular hydrostat, which adheres to any volumetrically expanding soft body to govern its motion trajectory. The composite lamina is stretchable only in one direction due to inextensible continuous fibers unidirectionally embedded within its hyper-elastic matrix. We showcase reconfiguration of inflation trajectories of two- and three-dimensional soft bodies by simply adhering laminae to their surfaces.
Global labor flow network reveals the hierarchical organization and dynamics of geo-industrial clusters
Authors: Park Jaehyuk , Wood Ian B. , Jing Elise , Nematzadeh Azadeh , Ghosh Souvik , Conover Michael D. , Ahn Yong-Yeol 
Published: August 2019

AbstractGroups of firms often achieve a competitive advantage through the formation of geo-industrial clusters. Although many exemplary clusters are the subjects of case studies, systematic approaches to identify and analyze the hierarchical structure of geo-industrial clusters at the global scale are scarce. In this work, we use LinkedIn’s employment history data from more than 500 million users over 25 years to construct a labor flow network of over 4 million firms across the world, from which we reveal hierarchical structure by applying network community detection. We show that the resulting geo-industrial clusters exhibit a stronger association between the influx of educated workers and financial performance, compared to traditional aggregation units. Furthermore, our analysis of the skills of educated workers reveals richer insights into the relationship between the labor flow of educated workers and productivity growth. We argue that geo-industrial clusters defined by labor flow provide useful insights into the growth of the economy.
Identification of a neurocircuit underlying regulation of feeding by stress-related emotional responses
Authors: Xu Yuanzhong , Lu Yungang , Cassidy Ryan M. , Mangieri Leandra R. , Zhu Canjun , Huang Xugen , Jiang Zhiying , Justice Nicholas J. , Xu Yong , Arenkiel Benjamin R. , Tong Qingchun 
Published: August 2019

AbstractFeeding is known to be profoundly affected by stress-related emotional states and eating disorders are comorbid with psychiatric symptoms and altered emotional responses. The neural basis underlying feeding regulation by stress-related emotional changes is poorly understood. Here, we identify a novel projection from the paraventricular hypothalamus (PVH) to the ventral lateral septum (LSv) that shows a scalable regulation on feeding and behavioral changes related to emotion. Weak photostimulation of glutamatergic PVH→LSv terminals elicits stress-related self-grooming and strong photostimulation causes fear-related escape jumping associated with respective weak and strong inhibition on feeding. In contrast, inhibition of glutamatergic inputs to LSv increases feeding with signs of reduced anxiety. LSv-projecting neurons are concentrated in rostral PVH. LSv and LSv-projecting PVH neurons are activated by stressors in vivo, whereas feeding bouts were associated with reduced activity of these neurons. Thus, PVH→LSv neurotransmission underlies dynamic feeding by orchestrating emotional states, providing a novel neural circuit substrate underlying comorbidity between eating abnormalities and psychiatric disorders.
Understanding memristive switching via in situ characterization and device modeling
Authors: Sun Wen , Gao Bin , Chi Miaofang , Xia Qiangfei , Yang J. Joshua , Qian He , Wu Huaqiang 
Published: August 2019

AbstractOwing to their attractive application potentials in both non-volatile memory and unconventional computing, memristive devices have drawn substantial research attention in the last decade. However, major roadblocks still remain in device performance, especially concerning relatively large parameter variability and limited cycling endurance. The response of the active region in the device within and between switching cycles plays the dominating role, yet the microscopic details remain elusive. This Review summarizes recent progress in scientific understanding of the physical origins of the non-idealities and propose a synergistic approach based on in situ characterization and device modeling to investigate switching mechanism. At last, the Review offers an outlook for commercialization viability of memristive technology.
Small molecule degraders of the hepatitis C virus protease reduce susceptibility to resistance mutations
Authors: de Wispelaere Mélissanne , Du Guangyan , Donovan Katherine A. , Zhang Tinghu , Eleuteri Nicholas A. , Yuan Jingting C. , Kalabathula Joann , Nowak Radosław P. , Fischer Eric S. , Gray Nathanael S. , Yang Priscilla L. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractTargeted protein degradation is a promising drug development paradigm. Here we leverage this strategy to develop a new class of small molecule antivirals that induce proteasomal degradation of viral proteins. Telaprevir, a reversible-covalent inhibitor that binds to the hepatitis C virus (HCV) protease active site is conjugated to ligands that recruit the CRL4CRBN ligase complex, yielding compounds that can both inhibit and induce the degradation of the HCV NS3/4A protease. An optimized degrader, DGY-08-097, potently inhibits HCV in a cellular infection model, and we demonstrate that protein degradation contributes to its antiviral activity. Finally, we show that this new class of antiviral agents can overcome viral variants that confer resistance to traditional enzymatic inhibitors such as telaprevir. Overall, our work provides proof-of-concept that targeted protein degradation may provide a new paradigm for the development of antivirals with superior resistance profiles.
Novel data show expert wildlife agencies are important to endangered species protection
Authors: Evans Michael J. , Malcom Jacob W. , Li Ya-Wei 
Published: August 2019

AbstractTo protect biodiversity, conservation laws should be evaluated and improved using data. We provide a comprehensive assessment of how a key provision of the U.S. Endangered Species Act (ESA) is implemented: consultation to ensure federal actions do not jeopardize the existence of listed species. Data from all 24,893 consultations recorded by the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) from 2000–2017 show federal agencies and NMFS frequently agreed (79%) on how federal actions would affect listed species. In cases of disagreement, agencies most often (71%) underestimated effects relative to the conclusions of species experts at NMFS. Such instances can have deleterious consequences for imperiled species. In 22 consultations covering 14 species, agencies concluded that an action would not harm species while NMFS determined the action would jeopardize species’ existence. These results affirm the importance of the role of NMFS in preventing federal actions from jeopardizing listed species. Excluding expert agencies from consultation compromises biodiversity conservation, but we identify approaches that improve consultation efficiency without sacrificing species protections.
Benchmarks of nonclassicality for qubit arrays
Authors: Waegell Mordecai , Dressel Justin 
Published: August 2019

AbstractWe present a set of practical benchmarks for N-qubit arrays that economically test the fidelity of achieving multi-qubit nonclassicality. The benchmarks are measurable correlators similar to two-qubit Bell correlators, and are derived from a particular set of geometric structures from the N-qubit Pauli group. These structures prove the Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger (GHZ) theorem, while the derived correlators witness genuine N-partite entanglement and establish a tight lower bound on the fidelity of particular stabilizer state preparations. The correlators need only M ≤ N + 1 distinct measurement settings, as opposed to the 22N − 1 settings that would normally be required to tomographically verify their associated stabilizer states. We optimize the measurements of these correlators for a physical array of qubits that can be nearest-neighbor-coupled using a circuit of controlled-Z gates with constant gate depth to form N-qubit linear cluster states. We numerically simulate the provided circuits for a realistic scenario with N = 3, …, 9 qubits, using ranges of T1 energy relaxation times, T2 dephasing times, and controlled-Z gate-fidelities consistent with Google’s 9-qubit superconducting chip. The simulations verify the tightness of the fidelity bounds and witness nonclassicality for all nine qubits, while also showing ample room for improvement in chip performance.
Remission from antipsychotic treatment in first episode psychosis related to longitudinal changes in brain glutamate
Authors: Merritt Kate , Perez-Iglesias Rocio , Sendt Kyra-Verena , Goozee Rhianna , Jauhar Sameer , Pepper Fiona , Barker Gareth J , Glenthøj Birte , Arango Celso , Lewis Shôn , Kahn René , Stone James , Howes Oliver , Dazzan Paola , McGuire Philip , Egerton Alice 
Published: August 2019

AbstractNeuroimaging studies in schizophrenia have linked elevated glutamate metabolite levels to non-remission following antipsychotic treatment, and also indicate that antipsychotics can reduce glutamate metabolite levels. However, the relationship between symptomatic reduction and change in glutamate during initial antipsychotic treatment is unclear. Here we report proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) measurements of Glx and glutamate in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and thalamus in patients with first episode psychosis (n = 23) at clinical presentation, and after 6 weeks and 9 months of treatment with antipsychotic medication. At 9 months, patients were classified into Remission (n = 12) and Non-Remission (n = 11) subgroups. Healthy volunteers (n = 15) were scanned at the same three time-points. In the thalamus, Glx varied over time according to remission status (P = 0.020). This reflected an increase in Glx between 6 weeks and 9 months in the Non-Remission subgroup that was not evident in the Remission subgroup (P = 0.031). In addition, the change in Glx in the thalamus over the 9 months of treatment was positively correlated with the change in the severity of Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) positive, total and general symptoms (P<0.05). There were no significant effects of group or time on glutamate metabolites in the ACC, and no differences between either patient subgroup and healthy volunteers. These data suggest that the nature of the response to antipsychotic medication may be related to the pattern of changes in glutamatergic metabolite levels over the course of treatment. Specifically, longitudinal reductions in thalamic Glx levels following antipsychotic treatment are associated with symptomatic improvement.
Evolutionary mechanism leading to the multi-cagA genotype in Helicobacter pylori
Authors: Su Hanfu , Tissera Kavinda , Jang Sungil , Choi Yun Hui , Kim Aeryun , Cho Yong-Joon , Li Meiling , Gunawardhana Niluka , Merrell D. Scott , Ge Linhu , Cha Jeong-Heon 
Published: August 2019

AbstractInfection with CagA+ Helicobacter pylori strains is linked to an increased risk for gastric diseases, including gastric cancer. Recent evidence indicates that dynamic expansion and contraction of cagA copy number may serve as a novel mechanism to enhance disease development. Herein, comparative genomic analysis divided hpEurope into two groups: hpEurope/type-A and type-B. Only hpEurope/type-B displayed the multi-cagA genotype. Further analysis showed that cagPAI appears to have been independently introduced into two different H. pylori types, termed pre-type-A and pre-type-B, which consequently evolved to cagPAI type-A and type-B, respectively; importantly, all multi-cagA genotype strains displayed cagPAI type-B. Two direct cagA-flanking repeats of a genetic element termed CHA-ud were essential for the multi-cagA genotype in strain PMSS1 (hpEurope/type-B and cagPAI type-B). Furthermore, introduction of this genetic element into strain G27 (hpEurope/type-A and cagPAI type-A) was sufficient to generate the multi-cagA genotype. The critical steps in the evolution of the multi-cagA genotype involved creation of CHA-ud at cagA upstream in cagPAI type-B strains followed by its duplication to cagA downstream. En masse, elucidation of the mechanism by which H. pylori evolved to carry multiple copies of cagA helps to provide a better understanding of how this ancient pathogen interacts with its host.
Learning to use vestibular sense for spatial updating is context dependent
Authors: Mackrous Isabelle , Carriot Jérôme , Simoneau Martin 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAs we move, perceptual stability is crucial to successfully interact with our environment. Notably, the brain must update the locations of objects in space using extra-retinal signals. The vestibular system is a strong candidate as a source of information for spatial updating as it senses head motion. The ability to use this cue is not innate but must be learned. To date, the mechanisms of vestibular spatial updating generalization are unknown or at least controversial. In this paper we examine generalization patterns within and between different conditions of vestibular spatial updating. Participants were asked to update the position of a remembered target following (offline) or during (online) passive body rotation. After being trained on a single spatial target position within a given task, we tested generalization of performance for different spatial targets and an unpracticed spatial updating task. The results demonstrated different patterns of generalization across the workspace depending on the task. Further, no transfer was observed from the practiced to the unpracticed task. We found that the type of mechanism involved during learning governs generalization. These findings provide new knowledge about how the brain uses vestibular information to preserve its spatial updating ability.
Microwave signal switching on a silicon photonic chip
Authors: Fang Cheng-Yi , Lin Hung-Hsi , Alouini Mehdi , Fainman Yeshaiahu , El Amili Abdelkrim 
Published: August 2019

AbstractMicrowave photonics uses light to carry and process microwave signals over a photonic link. However, light can instead be used as a stimulus to microwave devices that directly control microwave signals. Such optically controlled amplitude and phase-shift switches are investigated for use in reconfigurable microwave systems, but they suffer from large footprint, high optical power level required for switching, lack of scalability and complex integration requirements, restricting their implementation in practical microwave systems. Here, we report Monolithic Optically Reconfigurable Integrated Microwave Switches (MORIMSs) built on a CMOS compatible silicon photonic chip that addresses all of the stringent requirements. Our scalable micrometer-scale switches provide higher switching efficiency and require optical power orders of magnitude lower than the state-of-the-art. Also, it opens a new research direction on silicon photonic platforms integrating microwave circuitry. This work has important implications in reconfigurable microwave and millimeter wave devices for future communication networks.
Research on dual‐polarisation printed dipole antenna for spherical near‐field measurements
Authors: Zheng Pei , Liu JiaQi , Wang ShangYue , Zhang Ran , Fan Hu 
Published: August 2019

Here a dual‐polarisation printed dipole antenna for spherical near‐field measurements is proposed. The printed dipole employs double‐layered structure to obtain low cross‐polarisation and uses irregular patch to get wide bandwidth. Two such dipoles are cross arranged to form a dual‐polarisation dipole antenna. Simulated results show that the bandwidth is over 72% when VSWR is less than 3, the cross‐polarisation ratio is better than 30 dB, the port isolation between two dipoles is better than −26 dB, while good radiation performance is also obtained. All the results above prove that the crossed arrangement structure will not affect the performance of the printed dipole, and the strength of mutual coupling between probes can be neglected.
Static Leukoencephalopathy Associated with 17p13.3 Microdeletion Syndrome: A Case Report
Authors: Hirasawa-Inoue Ayaka , Takeshita Eri , Shimizu-Motohashi Yuko , Ishiyama Akihiko , Saito Takashi , Komaki Hirofumi , Nakagawa Eiji , Sugai Kenji , Inoue Ken , Goto Yu-ichi , Sasaki Masayuki 
Published: August 2019

Background Leukoencephalopathy associated with dysmorphic features may be attributed to chromosomal abnormalities such as 17p13.3 microdeletion syndrome.
Case A 19-year-old female patient was referred to our hospital for diagnostic evaluation of her leukoencephalopathy. She demonstrated moderate intellectual disability, minor dysmorphic features, and short stature. Serial brain magnetic resonance images obtained within a 16-year interval revealed prolonged T2 signals in the deep cerebral white matter with enlarged Virchow–Robin spaces. A nonsymptomatic atlas anomaly was also noted. Using microarray-based comparative genomic hybridization, we identified a 2.2-Mb terminal deletion at 17p13.3, encompassing YWHAE, CRK, and RTN4RL1 but not PAFAH1B1.
Conclusion Except for atlas anomaly, the patient's clinical and imaging findings were compatible with the diagnosis of 17p13.3 microdeletion syndrome. The white matter abnormality was static and nonprogressive. The association between the atlas abnormality and this deletion remains elusive. We note the importance of exploring submicroscopic chromosomal imbalance when patients show prominent but static white matter abnormalities with discrepantly mild and stable neurological signs.
The Prevalence of Unhealthy Alcohol and Drug use among Inpatients in a General Hospital
Authors: Wakeman Sarah E. , Herman Grace , Wilens Timothy E. , Regan Susan 
Published: August 2019

Background: Unhealthy substance use is a growing public health issue. Intersections with the health care system offer an opportunity for intervention; however, recent estimates of prevalence for unhealthy substance use among all types of hospital inpatients are unknown. Methods: Universal screening for unhealthy alcohol or drug use was implemented across a 999-bed general hospital between January 1 and December 31, 2015. Nurses completed alcohol screening using the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test alcohol consumption questions (AUDIT-C) with a cutoff of ≥5 for moderate risk and ≥8 for high risk and drug screening using the single-item screening question with ≥1 episode of use considered positive. Results: Out of 35,288 unique inpatients, screens were completed on 21,519. There were 3,451 positive screens (16% of all completed screens), including 1,291 (6%) moderate risk and 1,111 (5%) high risk screens for alcohol and 1,657 (8%) positive screens for drug use. Among screens that were positive for moderate- or high-risk alcohol use, 221 (17%) and 297 (27%), respectively, were concurrently positive for drug use. The majority (61%) of patients with unhealthy alcohol use was on the medical services. Men, those who were white or Hispanic, middle-aged, single, unemployed, or screened positive for drug use were more likely to screen positive for high-risk alcohol use. Those who were younger, single, worked less than full time, or screened high risk for alcohol were more likely to screen positive for drug use. Discordance between diagnosis coding and screening results was noted: 29% of high-risk alcohol use screens had no alcohol diagnosis coding associated with that admission, and 51% of patients with a DSM-IV ( Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition) diagnosis code of alcohol dependence had AUDIT-C scores of <8. Conclusions: Across a general hospital, 16% of patients screened positive for unhealthy substance use, with the highest volume on medical floors. Nursing-led screening may offer an opportunity to identify and engage patients with unhealthy substance use during hospitalization.
Aufwuch Community on Association to Aquatic Plant in Lake Tempe, South Sulawesi
Authors: Pratiwi Niken TM , Wardiatno Yusli , WahyuAzizi  , Iswantari Aliati 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Lake Tempe was mostly covered by water hyacinth (Eichhorniacrassipes). Aufwuch community which live surround the aquatic plant has an important role in the food chain, as intermediate component between primary producerand higher secondary producer. This study was conducted in Lake Tempe, in order to analyse the association of aufwuch community towards aquatic plants and water quality. Sampling was carried out at five observation stations with three inundation zones. There were found 38 genera of from five classes, Cyanophyceae (5), Chlorophyceae (11), Bacillarophyceae (8), Euglenophyceae (2), and Chrysophyceae (1) as microphyto-aufwuch with density ranged from 16 544 840-203139505 ind/m3; 33 genera from four groups, Crustacea (10), Protozoa (8), Rotifer (14), Insect (1) of microzoo-aufwuch with density ranged from 138 969-351 834 ind/m3; and 15 genera from four groups, Gastropod (4), Insect (5), Crustacea (5), Larvae (1) as microzoo-aufwuch. The temperature of waters was ranged as 30,4-36 °C, depth 40-145 cm, Secchi depth 15.0-60.7 cm, pH 5.2-9.2, DO 2.9-16.9 mg/L, ammonium 0.005-0.013 mg/L, ammonia 0.0002-0.2912 mg/L, nitrate 0.5828-0.9113 mg/L, nitrite 0.004-0.0127 mg/L, and orthophosphate 0.0429-0.1325 mg/L.There were three groups of aufwuch in Lake Tempe, the microphyto-aufwuch, microzoo-aufwuch, and macrozoo-aufwuch, with appropriate water quality conditions for aufwuch life.