bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PHENOTYPIC HETEROGENEITY OF NEUTROPHILS: NEW ANTIMICROBIC CHARACTERISTICS AND DIAGNOSTIC TECHNOLOGIES
Authors: Andryukov B. G. , Bogdanova V. D. , Lyapun I. N. 
Published: October 2019

Introduction.Neutrophils are the most numerous subpopulation of leukocytes circulating in the blood; they constitute the first line of defence of the innate link of the immune system.Aim.To generalize basic concepts about phenotypic and functional heterogeneity of neutrophils.General findings.According to contemporary concepts, this type of blood cells performs not only antimicrobial functions, but also participates in capture and destruction of various microorganisms, including such processes as phagocytosis and intracellular degradation, degranulation and formation of extracellular neutrophilic traps after the detection of microorganisms. Neutrophils are considered to be a phenotypically heterogeneous pool of blood cells featuring a significant functional variability. Under pathological conditions, they can differentiate into discrete subpopulations with va rious phenotypic and functional characteristics. They are capable of interaction with macrophages, natural killers, dendritic and mesenchymal stem cells, B and T lymphocytes or platelets. In addition, neutrophils exhibit vector properties with respect to cancerous tumours. They possess a high morphological and functional variability, being modulators of both inflammation and active triggers of immune responses. A search for molecular markers able to efficiently differentiate neutrophil phenotypes and establish the degree of their diagnostic specificity for various pathologies is of a particular importance.
PRIAPISM AS THE FIRST SIGN OF CHRONIC MYELOID LEUKEMIA
Authors: Rustamov M. N. , Huseynov G. R. , Akhmedov I. S. 
Published: October 2019

Introduction. Priapism is a prolonged painful erection lasting for more than four hours, which either persists after the termination of sexual stimulation or is not associated therewith. Priapism may be the first clinical manifestation of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML).Aim. To describe a clinical case of ischemic priapism that occurred in a patient with a previously undiagnosed CML.General findings. We present a clinical observation of ischemic priapism having lasted for 18 hours, which occurred in a patient with a previously undiagnosed CML. The diagnosis of CML was subsequently established on the basis of a study of peripheral blood and bone marrow. The therapeutic tactics consisted in an immediate puncture aspiration of blood from the corpora cavernosa and an intracavernous injection of a phenylephrine solution. After priapism had been relieved, an CML therapy was applied, which allowed the recurrence of priapism in the patient to be avoided.
The Woes of Economic Burden of Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) Cases Borne by Public Sector Hospital of Pakistan
Authors: SHAHZAD HUSSAIN SYED , AHMAD KAMBOH USMAN , ASIF RAZA MUHAMMAD , KANWAL MADIHA , SHAHID SAMAN , ASHRAF NAVEED 
Published: October 2019

Objectives: To highlight the role of public sector hospitals in sharing the major burden of severely head injured patients in a resource constrained economically striving countryMaterials and Methods: The study was conducted in the Neurosurgery department of Jinnah Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan. 70 patients with moderate to severe TBI cases above one year of age were included. The data was analyzed for the cost estimation for the period of six months, for the following heads: 1) hospital cost per day, 2) ICU setup cost per day, and 3) salaries of hospital staff per day.Results: There were 53 cases of moderate injury and 17 cases of severe injury. Mean hospital stay was 14 days, minimum number of stay was 2 days and the maximum number of stay was 124 days in six months. Overall, in six months, per day cost of hospital bills head was Rs. 42,333/$ 263/€ 238. For the ICU setup head, the total cost was Rs. 17,9923/$1130/€ 1016 per day. The salary head’s total cost was Rs. 2573/$16.06/€ 14.44. The grand total of all heads, (bills, ICU setup & salaries) was Rs. 22,482,29/$1409/€ 1270.Conclusion: We evaluated the cost effectiveness of the Neurocritical care unit of a public sector hospital who provides the best possible health care facilities at a cheaper rate as compared to developed countries. We are highlighting the economic burden borne by the developing country’s government.
Cultivo inicial de mangabeira consorciada com adubos verdes no cerrado do sudeste de Goiás
Authors: Guimarães Roberli Ribeiro , Vieira Muza do Carmo , Rocha Ednaldo Cândido , Peixoto Nei , Schetin Briza i Volusia , Pires Larissa Leandro 
Published: October 2019

A Mangabeira (Hancornia speciosa Gomes) ocorre principalmente nos Biomas Cerrado e Caatinga. O fruto da mangabeira é o principal produto explorado pela frutífera principalmente por indústrias de polpas, sucos e sorvetes. O uso de leguminosas para contribuir no fornecimento de nitrogênio para as culturas, ajudando no estabelecimento das mudas no campo. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o desenvolvimento inicial da cultura da Mangabeira, consorciado com adubos verdes. A pesquisa foi conduzida no campo experimental da Universidade Estadual de Goiás, Câmpus Ipameri, situada a 17º 46' 30,3'’ latitude Sul, 48º 19' 15,6'’ de longitude Oeste e altitude de aproximadamente 800 metros. Mudas de H. speciosa com 11 meses de idade, foram plantadas no campo com espaçamento de 8 x 5. Entre as linhas foram semeadas as crotalaria juncea, mucuna preta, feijão-guandu (Cajanus cajan) e feijão de porco (Canavalia ensiformis), em espaçamento 0,40 x 0,80. As variáveis analisadas foram: altura da planta em centímetros (cm); diâmetro do caule (mm); diâmetro de copa (cm). Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância e, nos casos em que o teste F foi significativo, realizou-se o teste de Scott-Knott para comparação múltipla das médias dos tratamentos principais. O incremento de altura final da mangabeira foi favorecido pelo feijão guandu. O consórcio com feijão de porco proporcionou maior incremento final de diâmetro do caule. O plantio de mudas de mangabeira (Hancornia speciosa) em consórcio com adubação verde se apresenta como promissor.
New tracheal stainless steel stent pilot study: twelve month follow-up in a rabbit model
Authors: Lopez-Minguez Sandra , Serrano-Casorran Carolina , Guirola Jose A. , Rodriguez-Zapater Sergio , Bonastre Cristina , De Gregorio Miguel Angel 
Published: October 2019

BackgroundCanine tracheal collapse is a complex airway pathology without promising treatment results. Currently nitinol stents are the best surgical option; however, some professionals are doubting if stent placement is the best option due to the associated complications.ObjectiveDetermine the technical feasibility, safety, and long-term follow-up after the implantation of a new tracheal stent designed for canine tracheal collapse.MethodsThirteen healthy, adult female New Zealander rabbits were involved in this pilot study.A new intra-tracheal device (Reference number 902711 patent registered as CasMin-Twine) was implanted in ten animals. Deployment was performed under general anesthesia, making a puncture incision via a 21 Gauge needle in the intra-tracheal space where the stent was introduced with a screwing process. The device was fixed to the tracheal wall with a non-absorbable suture. Computerized Tomography (CT) and an endoscopy to study structural abnormalities were performed after 30, 90 and 365 days after stent placement.ResultsTechnical and clinical success was 100%. There was no significant change in behavior or respiratory disorders. CT studies showed no significant alterations. After the 30 days, 60% of the animals showed partial endothelization in the endoscopy study, and only one animal still presented partial endothelization after 12 months. Mucus accumulation was only present in 40% of cases and classified as low, without respiratory consequences. Only one animal presented a single granuloma at caudal stent tip.ConclusionsThis new tracheal stent (CasMin-Twine) is an effective and safe procedure with promising results, and also shows the possibility of removing the device after endothelization has been produced. New studies should be carried out to evaluate the effectiveness in patients with tracheomalacia.Clinical Significance/ImpactThis new product can give veterinarians a new option of treatment for this complicated pathology. Minimizing specific equipment for its deployment, CasMin-Twine will be more accessible for all professionals.
The Health Profile of Basic Care Network Users According to the e-Sus Individual Registry / Perfil de Saúde dos Usuários da Rede de Atenção Básica Baseado no Cadastro Individual e-Sus
Authors: Dietrich Angélica , Colet Christiane de Fatima , Winkelmann Eliane Roseli 
Published: October 2019

Objetivo: Verificar o perfil de saúde, baseado no cadastro individual e-SUS, de usuários dos serviços de atenção básica da cidade de Ijuí/RS. Métodos: Estudo transversal, com amostra de 400 usuários cadastrados em 15 Estratégias de Saúde da Família, na faixa etária de 20 a 59 anos, baseado no cadastro individual e-SUS. Resultados: Verificou-se predomínio de assalariado com carteira de trabalho, baixa escolaridade. Os usuários com escolaridade baixa tiveram cinco vezes mais chance de desenvolver diabetes mellitus (DM) (p=0,01), com escolaridade alta internaram com maior frequência (p=0,03). Observou associação entre participar de grupo comunitário e o sexo feminino (p=0,013) e apresentar alta escolaridade e possuir plano de saúde privado (p=0,001). Conclusão: O perfil dos usuários mostra relação direta da baixa escolaridade com doenças crônicas não transmissíveis e inversa as internações.Descritores: Características da População, Estratégia Saúde da Família, Atenção Primária à Saúde, Sistema Único de Saúde.
The Elderly Women’s Perception of Cervical Cancer Prevention Examination / A Percepção das Mulheres Idosas Sobre o Exame de Prevenção de Câncer do Colo de Útero
Authors: Leite Bianca Oliveira , Nunes Cleide Roseli Oliveira , Oliveira Valdira Vieira de , Barbosa Romana Aparecida Alves , Souza Meriele Santos , Teles Mariza Alves Barbosa 
Published: October 2019

Objetivo: Descrever a percepção das mulheres idosas sobre o exame preventivo do câncer de colo de útero-PCCU. Método: Trata se de um estudo descritivo, de abordagem qualitativa com doze idosas residentes em uma área de abrangência da Estratégia Saúde da Família (ESF). Os dados foram coletados no ano de 2015, por entrevista semiestruturada, transcritas na íntegra e analisadas pela técnica de Análise de Conteúdo Temática. Resultados: Exame de prevenção do câncer de colo de útero: importância atribuída à saúde da mulher idosa; Sentimentos e vivências da mulher idosa sobre o exame de Prevenção de câncer de colo de útero- PCCU e Novos padrões da sexualidade da mulher Idosa: uma questão a ser considerada pelas Políticas Públicas de saúde da mulher nas ESF. Conclusão: Torna-se de grande relevância repensar as políticas públicas para a saúde da mulher, no tocante à prevenção do câncer de colo de útero na população idosa.
Estimation of effective imaging dose and excess absolute risk of secondary cancer incidence for four‐dimensional cone‐beam computed tomography acquisition
Authors: Yuasa Yuki , Shiinoki Takehiro , Onizuka Ryota , Fujimoto Koya 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThis study was conducted to estimate the organ equivalent dose and effective imaging dose for four‐dimensional cone‐beam computed tomography (4D‐CBCT) using a Monte Carlo simulation, and to evaluate the excess absolute risk (EAR) of secondary cancer incidence. The EGSnrc/BEAMnrc were used to simulate the on‐board imager (OBI) from the TrueBeam linear accelerator. Specifically, the OBI was modeled based on the percent depth dose and the off‐center ratio was measured using a three‐dimensional (3D) water phantom. For clinical cases, 15 lung and liver cancer patients were simulated using the EGSnrc/DOSXYZnrc. The mean absorbed doses to the lung, stomach, bone marrow, esophagus, liver, thyroid, bone surface, skin, adrenal glands, gallbladder, heart, intestine, kidney, pancreas and spleen, were quantified using a treatment planning system, and the equivalent doses to each organ were calculated. Subsequently, the effective dose was calculated as the weighted sum of the equivalent dose, and the EAR of the secondary cancer incidence was determined for each organ with the use of the biologic effects of ionizing radiation (BEIR) VII model. The effective doses were 3.9 ± 0.5, 15.7 ± 2.0, and 7.3 ± 0.9 mSv, for the lung, and 4.2 ± 0.6, 16.7 ± 2.4, and 7.8 ± 1.1 mSv, for the liver in the respective cases of the 3D‐CBCT (thorax, pelvis) and 4D‐CBCT modes. The lung EARs for males and females were 7.3 and 10.7 cases per million person‐years, whereas the liver EARs were 9.9 and 4.5 cases per million person‐years. The EAR increased with increasing time since radiation exposure. In clinical studies, we should use 4D‐CBCT based on consideration of the effective dose and EAR of secondary cancer incidence.
Understanding Ostwald Ripening and Surface Charging Effects in Solvothermally‐Prepared Metal Oxide–Carbon Anodes for High Performance Rechargeable Batteries
Authors: Zhou Lin , Zhang Jiao , Wu Yingqiang , Wang Wenxi , Ming Hai , Sun Qujiang , Wang Limin , Ming Jun , Alshareef Husam N. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractMetal oxides synthesized by the solvothermal approach have widespread applications, while their nanostructure control remains challenging because their reaction mechanism is still not fully understood. Herein, it is demonstrated how the competitive relation between Ostwald ripening and surface charging during solvothermal synthesis is crucial to engineering high‐quality metal (oxide)–carbon nanomaterials. Using SnO2 as a case study, a new type of hollow SnO2–C hybrid nanoparticles is synthesized consisting of core–shell structured SnO2@C nanodots (which has not been previously reported). This new anode material exhibits extremely high lithium storage capacity of 1225 and 955 mAh g−1 at 200 and 500 mA g−1, respectively, and excellent cycling stability. In addition, full‐battery cells are constructed combining SnO2–C anode with Ni‐rich cathode, which can be charged to a higher voltage compared to commercial graphite anode and still demonstrate extraordinary rate performance. This study provides significant insight into the largely unexplored reaction mechanism during solvothermal synthesis, and demonstrates how such understanding can be used to achieve high‐performance metal (oxide)–C anodes for rechargeable batteries.
Self‐Assembly of MXene‐Surfactants at Liquid–Liquid Interfaces: From Structured Liquids to 3D Aerogels
Authors: Shi Shaowei , Qian Bingqing , Wu Xinyu , Sun Huilou , Wang Haiqiao , Zhang Hao‐Bin , Yu Zhong‐Zhen , Russell Thomas P. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract2D transition metal carbides and nitrides (MXenes), a class of emerging nanomaterials with intriguing properties, have attracted significant attention in recent years. However, owing to the highly hydrophilic nature of MXene nanosheets, assembly strategies of MXene at liquid–liquid interfaces have been very limited and challenging. Herein, through the cooperative assembly of MXene and amine‐functionalized polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane at the oil–water interface, we report the formation, assembly, and jamming of a new type MXene‐based Janus‐like nanoparticle surfactants, termed MXene‐surfactants (MXSs), which can significantly enhance the interfacial activity of MXene nanosheets. More importantly, this simple assembly strategy opens a new platform for the fabrication of functional MXene assemblies from mesoscale (e.g., structured liquids) to macroscale (e.g., aerogels), that can be used for a range of applications, including nanocomposites, electronic devices, and all‐liquid microfluidic devices.
Self‐Assembly of Hybrid Oxidant POM@Cu‐BTC for Enhanced Efficiency and Long‐Term Stability of Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Dong Yayu , Zhang Jian , Yang Yulin , Qiu Lele , Xia Debin , Lin Kaifeng , Wang Jiaqi , Fan Xiao , Fan Ruiqing 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe controllable oxidation of spiro‐OMeTAD and improving the stability of hole‐transport materials (HTMs) layer are crucial for good performance and stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Herein, we report an efficient hybrid polyoxometalate@metal–organic framework (POM@MOF) material, [Cu2(BTC)4/3(H2O)2]6[H3PMo12O40]2or POM@Cu‐BTC, for the oxidation of spiro‐OMeTAD with Li‐TFSI and TBP. When POM@Cu‐BTC is introduced to the HTM layer as a dopant, the PSCs achieve a superior fill factor of 0.80 and enhanced power conversion efficiency 21.44 %, as well as improved long‐term stability in an ambient atmosphere without encapsulation. The enhanced performance is attributed to the oxidation activity of POM anions and solid‐state nanoparticles. Therefore, this research presents a facile way by using hybrid porous materials to accelerate oxidation of spiro‐OMeTAD, further improving the efficiency and stability of PSCs.
Effective Characterization of DNA Ligation Kinetics by High‐Resolution Melting Analysis
Authors: Zhu Jianming , Wang Jing , Cheng Kai , Chen Hui , An Ran , Zhang Yaping , Komiyama Makoto , Liang Xingguo 
Published: October 2019

AbstractHigh‐resolution melting (HRM) analysis has been improved and applied for the first time to quantitative analysis of enzymatic reactions. By using the relative ratios of peak intensities of substrates and products, the quantitativity of conventional HRM analysis has been improved to allow detailed kinetic analysis. As an example, the ligation of sticky ends through the action of T4 DNA ligase has been kinetically analyzed, with comprehensive data on substrate specificity and other properties having been obtained. For the first time, the kinetic parameters (kobs and apparent Km) of sticky‐end ligation were obtained for both fully matched and mismatched sticky ends. The effect of ATP concentration on sticky‐end ligation was also investigated. The improved HRM method should also be applicable to versatile DNA‐transforming enzymes, because the only requirement is that the products have Tm values different enough from the substrates.
Synthesis, Photophysical and Electronic Properties of New Red‐to‐NIR Emitting Donor–Acceptor Pyrene Derivatives
Authors: Merz Julia , Dietz Maximilian , Vonhausen Yvonne , Wöber Frederik , Friedrich Alexandra , Sieh Daniel , Krummenacher Ivo , Braunschweig Holger , Moos Michael , Holzapfel Marco , Lambert Christoph , Marder Todd B. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractWe synthesized new pyrene derivatives with strong bis(para‐methoxyphenyl)amine donors at the 2,7‐positions and n‐azaacene acceptors at the K‐region of pyrene. The compounds possess a strong intramolecular charge transfer, leading to unusual properties such as emission in the red to NIR region (700 nm), which has not been reported before for monomeric pyrenes. Detailed photophysical studies reveal very long intrinsic lifetimes of >100 ns for the new compounds, which is typical for 2,7‐substituted pyrenes but not for K‐region substituted pyrenes. The incorporation of strong donors and acceptors leads to very low reduction and oxidation potentials, and spectroelectrochemical studies show that the compounds are on the borderline between localized Robin‐Day class‐II and delocalized Robin‐Day class‐III species.
Generation of Organozinc Reagents by Nickel Diazadiene Complex Catalyzed Zinc Insertion into Aryl Sulfonates
Authors: Klein Philippe , Lechner Vivien Denise , Schimmel Tanja , Hintermann Lukas 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe generation of arylzinc reagents (ArZnX) by direct insertion of zinc into the C−X bond of ArX electrophiles has typically been restricted to iodides and bromides. The insertions of zinc dust into the C−O bonds of various aryl sulfonates (tosylates, mesylates, triflates, sulfamates), or into the C−X bonds of other moderate electrophiles (X=Cl, SMe) are catalyzed by a simple NiCl2–1,4‐diazadiene catalyst system, in which 1,4‐diazadiene (DAD) stands for diacetyl diimines, phenanthroline, bipyridine and related ligands. Catalytic zincation in DMF or NMP solution at room temperature now provides arylzinc sulfonates, which undergo typical catalytic cross‐coupling or electrophilic substitution reactions.
Care delivery, patient experiences, and health outcomes among sexual and gender minority patients with cancer and survivors: A scoping review
Authors: Kent Erin E. , Wheldon Christopher W. , Smith Ashley Wilder , Srinivasan Shobha , Geiger Ann M. 
Published: October 2019

Sexual and gender minorities (SGMs) face a disproportionate burden of cancer, yet little is known about the experiences and specific needs of these underserved populations in cancer care delivery. The authors conducted a scoping review to characterize the literature on cancer care delivery, health outcomes, and health care experiences for patients with cancer and survivors identifying as SGM. In total, 1176 peer‐reviewed citations were identified after a systematic search of the PubMed/Medline, PsycInfo, Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), and Web of Sciences databases without restriction on publication date. The details captured included study aims, design, population, cancer site, and main findings. Thirty‐seven studies published from 1998 to 2017 met the study criteria. Most studies were conducted in the post‐treatment survivorship phase of the continuum (n = 30), and breast cancer was the most common cancer site (n = 20). There were only 2 intervention studies. The studies reviewed were classified under the following areas of focus: 1) disclosure of sexual orientation and gender identity, 2) quality of care, 3) psychosocial impact of/ adjustment to cancer, 4) social support, 5) sexual functioning, and 6) health risks/health behavior. Very little research reported an assessment of gender minority status or included a focus on gender minorities (n = 7). This review revealed substantial research gaps given a lack of population‐based data and small sample sizes, likely related to the absence of systematic collection of sexual orientation and gender identity information in the cancer care context. Deficient research in this area likely perpetuates health disparities. Further research is needed to identify and remove the barriers to delivering high‐quality care to SGM individuals with cancer.
Where Can Patients Obtain Information on the Preapproval Access Pathway to Investigational Treatment in Japan? A Survey of Patient Advocacy Organizations’ Websites
Authors: Nakada Haruka , Takashima Kyoko 
Published: October 2019

AbstractInvestigational treatments are those that have been approved for testing in humans but are not yet available as an approved treatment option. For many patients with a terminal illness who have no approved treatment option and are not eligible for a clinical trial, investigational treatments are the last resort. However, not much is known about the dissemination of information by patient advocacy organizations (PAOs). We evaluated the quantity and quality of information on preapproval access to investigational therapies provided by Japanese PAO websites between January 24 and March 29, 2019. A total of 49 PAOs were identified. Of these, 16 (33%) provided no relevant information. The most frequent information provided was the PAO's own clinical trial finder or list of clinical trials (n = 15, 31%); of the 10 cancer‐related PAOs, 5 (50%) provided this information. Nine (18%) PAOs had developed patient registries or provided a link to relevant registries. Only 1 PAO (2%) provided a link about the Ministry of Health, Labour, and Welfare trials that described the process and regulations of clinical trials. Our results indicate that PAOs do not disseminate adequate information on preapproval pathways. We suggest that the government involve PAOs in disseminating this information to both patients and physicians.