bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Attitudes of elementary school students towards music lessons<p>İlköğretim öğrencilerinin müzik dersine ilişkin tutumları
Authors: Umuzdaş Serpil , Kızıklı Hamza Oruç 
Published: August 2018

Aim:Determining student attitudes and, if possible, influencing them in the positive direction may bring the student closer to achieving the desired knowledge and skills. This research was initiated with the aim of measuring the attitudes of elementary school students towards music lessons. Method: The study group was 225 (female, 105, male, 120) students studying in 6th-7th-8th grades in the academic year of 2017-2018 at Ibni Sina Elementary School under the Ministry of National Education, located in the district of Turhal, Tokat province. The research is a descriptive study of students' attitudes. Umuzdaş (2012) music lesson attitude scale was applied to elementary school students in the research.Results: The data obtained were analyzed using average scores. The results of the study showed that the students' attitudes towards the music lesson were generally positive. Also, it is concluded that among the 6th, 7th and 8th grade students, 6th grade students have a higher attitude towards music lesson than the others. Conclusion: When the average scores in the study are interpreted, it is seen that the students are interested in music lessons in general terms and they care about music. Extended English summary is in the end of Full Text PDF (TURKISH) file.ÖzetAmaç: Öğrenci tutumlarını belirleyerek, mümkünse olumlu yönde geliştirmek, öğrenciyi istendik bilgi ve beceri kazanımı sağlamasına yaklaştırabilecektir. Bu düşünceyle başlatılan araştırma, ilköğretim öğrencilerinin müzik dersine ilişkin tutumlarının belirlenmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır. Yöntem: Araştırmanın çalışma grubu, Milli Eğitim Bakanlığın bağlı 2017–2018 eğitim- öğretim yılında Tokat ili Turhal ilçesinde bulunan İbni Sina İlköğretim okulu 6-7-8. sınıflarında öğrenim gören 225 ( kız, 105; erkek, 120 ) öğrencidir. Araştırma, öğrencilerin tutumlarını saptamaya yönelik betimsel bir araştırmadır Araştırmada, ilköğretim öğrencilerine Umuzdaş (2012) müzik dersi tutum ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen veriler, ortalama tutum puanlarına göre yorumlanmıştır. Bulgular: Araştırma sonucunda; öğrencilerin müzik dersi tutumlarının genellikle olumlu olduğu saptanmıştır. Ayrıca 6-7-8. Sınıflar arasında 6. sınıf öğrencilerin müzik dersine ilişkin tutumu diğerlerine göre daha yüksek olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Sonuç: Çalışmada ortalama puanlar yorumlandığında; öğrencilerin genel anlamda müzik dersine ilgi duyduklarını, müziği önemsediklerini görülmektedir.
Assessment of CYP2D6 re-activation after inhibitory effect of MDMA using tramadol as a probe
Authors: Nilchi Shahin , Behdarvand Davood , Lavasani Hoda , Rouini Mohammadreza , H. Ardakani Yalda 
Published: August 2018

Abstract

Background
In recent years, the use of tramadol as a probe drug for human cytochrome p450 2D6 (CYP2D6) has been investigated. The objective of this study was to assess the recovery of rat CYP2D1 enzymatic activity after mechanism-based inhibition induced by a single dose of ecstasy (MDMA, 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine) and evaluation of the tramadol ability as a probe drug. CYP2D1 is orthologous in rats to human CYP2D6 and was employed in the current study.

Methods
A total of 16 male rats were selected and divided into control and treatment groups. The control group did not receive MDMA, while rats in the treatment group received a single dose of MDMA (1 mg/kg) and were subsequently divided into groups that were tested at 1 h, 10 days or 30 days post-administration. The rats were subjected to liver perfusion with Krebs-Heinslet buffer containing tramadol for 60 min and the tramadol and M1 levels were determined by HPLC-fluorescence.

Results
The enzymatic activity of CYP2D1 for the 1-h group decreased significantly when compared with the control group (p<0.05). Moreover, enzymatic activity increased non-significantly in the 10- and 30-day groups in comparison with the control group. The concentration and AUC0−60 of tramadol increased in the 1-h and 10-day groups when compared with the control group but decreased in the 30-day group; however, none of these changes was statistically significant (p>0.05). The M1 metabolic ratio in the 1-h group decreased significantly when compared with the control group (p<0.05). The M1 metabolic ratio of the 10-day group increased and of the 30-day group decreased, but neither of these changes were significant.

Conclusions
Regardless of the genotype, the enzymatic activity of rat CYP2D1 recovered by 10 days post-administration of MDMA. It appears that tramadol, irrespective of its stereoselectivity, is not able to appraise rat hepatic CYP2D1 activity. It can be extrapolated that tramadol is a not suitable probe drug for human hepatic CYP2D1 because CYP2D1 in rats is orthologous to human CYP2D6. Further animal and human studies are required to confirm this hypothesis.
„Alles hängt mit allem zusammen.“ Zur Historisierung des Globalisierungsdiskurses der 1990er und 2000er Jahre
Authors: Eckel Jan 
Published: August 2018

Zusammenfassung
Die Geschichtswissenschaft sollte beginnen, so das Plädoyer des Aufsatzes, den Diskurs über die Globalisierung als ein historisches Produkt zu begreifen und zu erforschen. Seine Geschichte reicht bis in die frühen neunziger Jahre zurück, als sich der Begriff und die mit ihm verbundenen Denkfiguren in der Wissenschaft, den Medien und der Politik rasant auszubreiten begannen. Am Beispiel der weit verzweigten Debatte, die sich in der Bundesrepublik in den beiden Jahrzehnten um die Jahrhundertwende entspann, zeigt der Aufsatz, dass sich die Rede von der Globalisierung durchsetzte, weil sie eine mehrschichtige Attraktivität entfaltete: Sie knüpfte an lebensweltliche Erfahrungen an, die sie mit zentralen politökonomischen Entwicklungen in Verbindung setzte. Darüber hinaus ermöglichte sie die Rückkehr eines Denkens in weit ausgreifenden Prozessen und damit auch eine Rückkehr der Geschichtlichkeit. Schließlich stellte sie eine in hohem Maße sinnstiftende Synthesekategorie zur Verfügung, die als Schlüssel der Welterklärung erschien. In der Politik wiederum wurde der Globalisierungsgedanke in verschiedenen Feldern auch handlungsleitend. Vor allem diente er parteiübergreifend als eine Art Evidenzverstärker für das Argument, es bestehe dringender wirtschaftlicher und sozialstaatlicher Reformbedarf. Verortet man den Globalisierungsbegriff auf diese Weise als eine zentrale Deutungsfigur der 1990er und 2000er Jahre, so erscheint es fraglich, ob er sich als ein Terminus der geschichtswissenschaftlichen Analyse oder gar als ein Epochenbegriff eignet, als den ihn eine Reihe von Pionierstudien zur jüngsten Zeitgeschichte Deutschlands und Europas zuletzt verwendet hat. Dagegen spricht, dass sich zeitgenössische Denkmuster, wie etwa die Vorstellung eines allumfassenden Metaprozesses, in die retrospektive Beschreibung hinein verlängern.
Changes in masa and tortillas obtained from maize irradiated and nixtamalized with nejayote
Authors: Valderrama-Bravo C. , Domínguez-Pacheco F.A. , Hernández-Aguilar C. , Sánchez-Hernández G. , Pérez-Reyes C. , Contreras-Padilla M. , Rojas-González T. , Oaxaca-Luna A. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Maize grains were treated with electromagnetic fields and nixtamalized with nejayote, in order to analyze the effect of such treatments on the microbiological and viscoelastic properties of masa, and on sensory tests of tortilla. A sample of maize grains was irradiated by electromagnetic fields for 7 and 12 min.Then, following the nixtamalization with nejayote, masa and tortillas were obtained. The application of electromagnetic fields did not decrease the growth of moulds in maize grains. However, a synergistic effect of irradiation (12 min) and nixtamalization with diluted nejayote (50 water/50 whole nejayote) improved the sanitary quality of masa. Elastic and viscous moduli showed significant differences in all treatments. The masa from maize grains irradiated for 12 min showed the highest values of elastic and viscous moduli, while the masa from grains irradiated for 7 min and nixtamalized with diluted nejayote (70 water/30 whole nejayote) presented the lowest values. These results seem to indicate that the application of electromagnetic fields modifies the viscoelastic modulus of masa. Sensory tests showed that tortillas obtained from irradiated (12 min) maize grains, nixtamalized with nejayote (70 water/30 whole nejayote), had the highest score of all the attributes, i.e. texture, chewiness and taste.
Ein pseudoallel-spezifischer Suppressor bei Salmonella typhimurium
Authors: Starlinger P. , Kaudewitz F. 
Published: August 2018

In Salmonella typhimurium, UV-irradiation of the histidine-deficient mutant hi-31 induced a slowly growing reversion to histidine-independence. This formed colonies much smaller than wildtype. By means of transduction the newly created character “small colony” was proved to be heritable. As demonstrated by the following experiments this was due to an independant suppressor-mutation (S-31). After UV-irradiation of hi-31/S-31 a small fraction of cells forming large colonies, revealed growth-characteristics of wildtype. After transduction of small colony type cells by phages raised on wildtype the same large colonies were obtained. Expected to be of genotype hi-31+/S-31, they were used as donor for transduction of hi-31. Both, large colonies (hi-31+/S-31) and small colonies (hi-31/S-31) were isolated, which proved to be stable in further transfers.
26 histidin-requiring mutants, belonging to 4 groups, each of them characterised by the same block in histidine synthesis, were transduced with phage raised on hi-31/S-31. None of them exhibited changes of growth characteristics, resulting from the incorporation of the suppressor-gene. Thus the suppressor S-31 turned out to be pseudoallel-specific.
This result is considered as evidence that pseudoalleles of the histidine series in Salmonella typhimurium not only are units of recombination but also of function of genetic material. The differences between levels of functions exhibited by units which have been called pseudoalleles by various investigators are discussed in connection with the gene concept.
Präparative Trennung von Ribo- und Desoxyribonucleinsäure durch Papierelektrophorese
Authors: Wacker Adolf , Hartmann Dieter , Struck Hansjürgen 
Published: August 2018

Es wird eine modifizierte Methode zur Darstellung von Ribonucleinsäure und Desoxyribonucleinsäure aus Bakterien und Hühnerembryonen mitgeteilt.
Die so isolierten Nucleinsäuren wurden im präparativen Maßstab in einer kontinuierlich arbeitenden papier-elektrophoretischen Apparatur getrennt.
Pentafluorophenyl-Metal Chemistry I
Authors: Pohlmann J. L. W. , Brinckman F. E. , Tesi G. , Donadio R. E. 
Published: August 2018

Pentafluorphenyl-zinn-Verbindungen können aus Organo-zinn-halogeniden, R4-nSnXn, und der Pentafluorphenyl - Grignard- Verbindung gewonnen werden. Bei der Verwendung eines hochsiedenden Lösungsmittels werden gute Ausbeuten erzielt, dennoch ist es zweckmäßig, Pentafluorphenyl-magnesiumbromid zunächst in Äthyl-äther darzustellen.
Die Zinn-Verbindungen sind an der Luft beständig und werden durch Wasser oder Äthanol nicht hydrolysiert. Starke Lewis - Säuren bewirken Spaltung: Bei der Einwirkung von Bortribromid auf Bis- (pentafluorphenyl) -di-n-butyl-zinn wurden Pentafluorphenyl-bordibromid und n-Butyl-bordibromid isoliert. Im Gegensatz dazu bleibt Tetrakis- (pentafluorphenyl) -zinn unter vergleichbaren Bedingungen unverändert.
Die Eigenschaften der beschriebenen Pentafluorphenyl-zinn-Verbindungen zeigen keine wesentlichen Abweichungen von denen der entsprechenden Phenyl-zinn-Verbindungen. Charakteristische Daten, einschließlich einiger Infrarot-Frequenzen, sind in einer Tabelle zusammengefaßt.
Metabolism of organophosphorus insecticides: IV. Translocation and metabolism of 32P-labelled Dipterex in cotton plant
Authors: Mostafa I. Y. , Hassan A. , Zayed S. M. A. D. 
Published: August 2018

The uptake of 32P-labelled Dipterex by the cotton plant (Gossypium barbadense), has been studied following topical application on the leaf, as well as via root. The insecticide did not penetrate into the leaf cells, when applied topically, but is readily taken up by the root, when immersed in a solution of radioactive insecticide. Also the rate of respiration was found to increase significantly in plants treated with sublethal concentrations of Dipterex.
The metabolic fate of Dipterex within the plant tissues has been also investigated. Dimethylphosphate, monomethylphosphate and inorganic phosphate have been identified as degradation products of te insecticide.
Über Kohlenoxidverbindungen des Technetiums
Authors: Hieber Walter , Lux Franz , Herget Camillo 
Published: August 2018

Carbonylhalogenide des Technetiums Tc (CO) 5X (X = Cl, Br, J) geben wie diejenigen des Mangans und Rheniums mit verschiedenen Liganden L - N-Basen, Organylen des Phosphors und seiner Homologen, Isonitrilen u. a. - unter Verdrängung von CO Disubstitutions-Verbindungen Tc(CO) 3L2X. Mit Merkaptanen, Merkaptiden und Dithiocarbamiden bilden sich unter Verdrängung von CO und Halogen mehrkernige Carbonylverbindungen mit Schwefelbrücken. - Die Carbonylchloride Tc(CO)5Cl und Tc(CO) 3L2Cl lassen sich unter CO-Druck in Gegenwart von AlCl3 in kationische Kohlenoxidverbindungen [Tc(CO)6]⊕ bzw. [Tc(CO)4L2]⊕ überführen. Aus solchen disubstituierten Kohlenoxidkomplexen entstehen mit Alkalialkoholaten Carbalkoxocarbonyle Tc(CO) 3L2CO2R.
Für die Durchführung der CO-Hochdruckreaktionen wird eine spezielle Glovebox beschrieben, die ein kontaminationssicheres Arbeiten mit Technetiumcarbonylen erlaubt.
Phages-Adsorption -Test for Differentiation of Genus: Brucella
Authors: Parnas Józef , Zalichta Stefania 
Published: August 2018

Brucella-phages-adsorption test on killed (70°) cells of all types of Brucella in the pure “S” phase has orientating value for determination of the Genus: “Brucella”.
Brucella abortus “S” strains are in 100% positive in this test. Brucella melitensis “S” strains are in 83% positive and in 17% weakly positive.
Brucella suis “S” strains are in 100% positive.
Brucella atypica “S” strains are mostly positive. All types of Brucella in “R” phase are negative in this test. This experiment is important from point of view of general systematics of bacteria and for the explanation of phage-specific receptors in the “S” and “R” phase.
Hydraulische Leitfähigkeit von Valonia utricularis / Hydraulic Conductivity of Valonia utricularis
Authors: Steudle E. , Zimmermann U. 
Published: August 2018

A method is described for the simultaneous determination of rapid changes of the cell turgor pressure (hydrostatic pressure) in algal cells (cell size must be at least 3 mm in diameter), and of the net volume flow across the cell membrane arising after a change of the cell turgor pressure or of the osmotic pressure in the outside medium. On the basis of the equations of irreversible thermodynamics it is possible to calculate the hydraulic conductivity of the cell membrane from these measurements, as it is theoretically shown.
The hydraulic conductivities of the marine alga Valonia utricularis determined in two independent ways (by osmotic and hydrostatic experiments) are equal. For exosmosis, Lpex (hydrostatic) and Lpex (osmotic) amounted to (9,6 ± 1,0) ·10-7 and (9,8 ± 1,9) · 10-7 respectively cm · sec-1 · atm-1, and for endomosis, Lpen (hydrostatic) was (9,4 ± 1,1) ·10-7 cm · sec-1 · atm-1.
A polarity in the water movement across the cell membranes as discussed in the literature could not be found for Valonia utricularis.
Über Umsilylierungen an Disilazanen / Transsilylation on Disilazanes
Authors: Mooser J. Peter , Nöth Heinrich , Tinhof Wolfgang 
Published: August 2018

The transsilylation of hexamethyl- and heptamethyldisilazane as well as of Si-chlorinated methyldisilazanes by (CH3)2SiCl2, CH3SiCl3 and SiCl4 has been investigated. The reactivity of the disilazanes decreases as the number of Cl-atoms in these molecules increases. A reactivity order (CH3)2SiCl2 &lt;CH3SiCl3&gt; SiCl4 has been observed for the transsilylating agent.
The shielding of all types of CH3 groups present in the disilazanes investigated is additively dependent on the number of Cl atoms present in the molecules.
Ein Beitrag zur Reaktivität des Monohydrazids von P3N3F6 / A Contribution to the Reactivity of the Monohydrazide of P3N3F6
Authors: Roesky Herbert W. , Janssen Enno 
Published: August 2018

P3N3F5NHNH2 reacts with P3N3F5Br to yield the symmetric hydrazide P3N3F5-NHNHP3N3F5. Compounds of the type P3N3F5NHNHC(O)CX3 and P3N3F5NHN = CX2 are readily prepared from P3N3F5NHNH2 and carbonic acid chlorides and respectively aldehydes and ketones.
The reaction product of P3N3F5NHNH2 and CH3CH2CHO gives a dimeric derivate. Its structure was proofed by molecular weight, IR- and mass spectra.
Über Tetrachlorothallate(III) und -indate(III) mit Scheelit-Struktur / Tetrachlorothallates(III) and -indates(III) of Scheelite Type Structure
Authors: Thiele Gerhard , Grunwald Bernd , Rink Werner , Breitinger Dietrich 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Tetrachlorothallates MTlCl4 (M=K, Rb and NH4) crystallizing in the tetragonal CaWO4 type were obtained by crystallization from highly concentrated aqueous TlCl3 solutions containing small amounts of MCI. The structural parameters of NH4TlCl4 were determined from single-crystal data. The indates MInCL4 (M=K, Rb and NH4) are isotypic. The vibrational spectra of the tetrachlorothallates were discussed.
Zur Struktur des Enols von Benzoylaceton / On the Structure of the Enol of Benzoylacetone
Authors: Winter W. , Zeller K.-P. , Berger S. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
A low temperature X-ray study of the enol of benzoylacetone indicates fixed positions of the C and O atoms within the enolic ring system and an extensive bond delocalisation over these atoms. The distribution of electron density between the two oxygen atoms shows that the enolic hydrogen is spread over a wide range. This is in accordance with a structural model proposed by de la Vega, whereupon the C and O atoms are kept fixed in their average positions during a tunneling process of the hydrogen between the two oxygen atoms. With this conception, the chemical shifts in the 17O and 13C NMR spectra, the 13C13C spin coupling constants and the temperature independance of these values can be explained.
Complexes of 1,2,4-Triazoles, Part XVI Binuclear Complexes of Transition Metal(II)thiocyanates with 4-Ethyl-1,2,4-triazole
Authors: Vos Ger , Haasnoot Jaap G. , Groeneveld Willem L. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Coordination compounds of 4-ethyl-1,2,4-triazole (Ettrz) with Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu and Zn are reported. The compounds have been identified and characterized by chemical analyses, infrared and ligand field spectra, electron paramagnetic resonance (e.p.r.) measurements, magnetic susceptibility measurements and thermoanalytical experiments. Except for the Cu compound, which is polynuclear, all compounds appear to be binuclear, with both bridging bidentate and non-bridging triazole ligands. The overall formula is M(Ettrz)2(NCS)2(H2O)3/2 for Mn, Fe, Co and Ni. The copper and zinc compounds have the formula Cu(Ettrz)2(NCS)2 and Zn(Ettrz)3/2(NCS)2.
Zur Verbindungsbildung von MeO :M2O3· V Neue metastabile Verbindungen: BaSr2Y6O12, BaSr2Er6O12 und BaSr2Tm6O12/ About Compounds in Systems MeO:M2CO3· V New Metastable Compounds: BaSr2Y6O12, BaSr2Er6O12 and BaSr2Tm6O12
Authors: Schulze A.-R. , Müller-Buschbaum Hk. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
The new metastable compounds BaSr2Y6O12 (I), BaSr2Er6O12 (II) and BaSr2Tm6O12 (III) could be prepared with high temperature reactions (CO2-Laser). The X-ray single crystal investigations lead to hexagonal symmetry, space group Ch-P2
6h-P63/m; lattice constants:
I: a= 1029.9 c = 340.9 pm
II: a = 1027.7 c = 338.5 pm
III: a = 1021.5 c = 337.6 pm
The crystal structure the formation of the compounds and the range of stability are discussed.
Reaktionen von Übergangsmetall-Verbindungen mit primären Aminen und Schwefelkohlenstoff: Dithiocarbimato- und Dithiocarbamato-Komplexe von Palladium, Platin, Nickel, Cobalt und Gold. Röntgenstruktur von (Et3P)2MS2CNCH2Ph (M = Pd, Pt) / Reactions of Transition Metal Compounds with Primary Amines and Carbon Disulfide: Dithiocarbimato and Dithiocarbamato Complexes of Palladium, Platinum, Nickel, Cobalt and Gold. X-Ray Structure of (Et3P)2MS2CNCH2Ph (M = Pd, Pt)
Authors: Schierl Rudolf , Nagel Ulrich , Beck Wolfgang 
Published: August 2018

A series of dithiocarbimato complexes (R3P)2M(S2CNR′) (1, 2) has been obtained by reaction of (R3P)2MCl2 (M = Pd, Pt) with primary amines and carbon disulfide. The dithiocarbimato complexes 1 and 2 can be reversibly protonated to give the dithiocarbamato compounds (R3P)2M[S2CN(H)R′]+Cl-.
The X-ray structures of the dithiocarbimato complexes (Et3P)2M (S2CNCH2Ph) (M = Pd, Pt) have been determined and the spectroscopic data (IR, 1H-, 13C-, 31P-, 195Pt-NMR) of the complexes are reported. The dithiocarbamato complexes (Ph3P)2M[S2CN(H)CH2Ph]Cl (M = Co, Ni). Ph3PAuS2CN(H)CH2Ph, Cl2Pt[S2CN(H)CH2Ph)2 are formed from the corresponding chloro compounds, primary amine and CS2
Gasphasen-Reaktionen, 71 PE-Spektren und Pyrolysen stickstoffreicher Kohlenstoff-Verbindungen: CN4, C2N4, C2H2N4, C4H6N4 und C5H4N4 Gasphase Reactions, 72 PE Spectra and Pyrolyses of Nitrogen-Rich Carbon Compounds: CN4, C2N4, C2H2N4, C4H6N4 and C5H4N4
Authors: Bock Hans , Dammel Ralph 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
The PE spectra of the nitrogen-rich title compounds cyanogen azide NC-N3, azodicarbonitrile
NC - N = N - CN, azidoacetonitrile NC - H2C - N3, tetrazolo[1,5-a]pyridine (H4C5N)(N )3 and
trimethylenetetrazole (H2C)3(CN4) are presented and assigned by radical cation state comparison
with related compounds or by Koopmans’ correlation with MNDO eigenvalues. In a low pressure
flow system the compounds decompose at higher temperatures, with elimination of the thermodynamically
favorable N2 molecule. PE-spectroscopic real-time analysis reveals as further products:
NC - N3 → C∞, NC - N = N - CN → NC - CN , NC - H2C - N3 → 2HCN (+ traces NC - HC = NH?)
and (H2C)3(CN4) → H2C = N - CN + H2C = CH2. For tetrazolo[1,5-a]pyridine, a preceding ring
opening to the corresponding 2-azidopyridine is observed.
Synthese von 5-Methylthio-2-thioxo-1,3-dithiol-4-carbonsäureamiden und -thiolestern, 3-Alkyl-5-bis(alkylthio)methylen-2-thioxo-1,3-thiazol-4(5 H)-onen sowie Röntgenkristallstrukturanalyse des 5-Methylthio-2-thioxo-1,3-dithiol-4-carbonsäure-(N-methyl-anilids) / Synthesis of 5-Methylthio-2-thioxo-1,3-dithiole-4-carboxamides and -thiolesters, 3-Alkyl-5-bis(alkylthio)methylene-2-thioxo-1,3-thiazole-4(5 H)-ones, and X-ray Analysis of 5-Methylthio-2-thioxo-1,3-dithiole-4-carboxyl N-methyl-anilide
Authors: Dölling Wolfgang , Friedemann Kerstin , Heinemann Frank , Hartung Helmut 
Published: August 2018

5-Methylthio-2-thioxo-1,3-dithiole-4-carboxamides (2a–e), the methyl 5-methylthio-2-thioxo-1,3-dithiole-4-carboxythiolate (9), and 3-alkyl-5-bis(alkylthio)methylene-2-thioxo-1,3-thiazole-4(5 H)-ones (4a–f) are obtained by reaction of the corresponding N-substituted ethylxanthogen-acetamides (1, 3, 6) with carbon disulfide under basic conditions followed by alkylation.
5-Methylthio-2-thioxo-1,3-dithiole-4-carboxyl N-methyl-anilide (2d) was characterized by an X-ray crystal structure determination (space group P 1̄, a = 877.3(1), b = 1111.1(2), c = 837.6(1) pm, α = 104.22(2), β = 110.41(1), γ = 69.64(2)°, Ζ = 2, R = 0.039 for 1746 observed unique reflections).
The α-oxoketene dithioacetal moiety of the molecule exhibits a noticeable derivation from planarity by a twist of the carbonyl group out of the ethylene plane and shows a short intramolecular S ··· O contact of 277.1 (3) pm.