bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Juvenile Hormones in Blood of Larvae and Adults of Manduca sexta (Joh.)
Authors: Peter Martin G. , Dahm Karl H. , Roller Herbert 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Juvenile Hormone, Manduca sexta The juvenile hormones (JH) in extracts of M anduca sexta blood were converted to 10-(2,4-di-chlorobenzoyloxy)-11-methoxy derivatives and quantitatively determined by gas chromatography with electron capture detection. Early IVth instar larvae contained 0.62 ng JH-I, 1.1 ng JH-II and 0.07 ng JH -III per ml blood. Early Vth instar larvae, and adult of both sexes contained the hormones in concentrations from 0 to 0.24 ng/ml blood. No hormone was detected in late Vth instar (wandering) larvae. The detection limit in our experiments was ≦ 0.003 ng/ml blood.
The Greening Process in Euglena gracilis, I. The Kinetics of Appearance of Chloroplast Proteins and the Effect of Cycloheximide and Chloramphenicol on Their Synthesis
Authors: Wildner G. F. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Proplastids in dark grown Euglena gracilis cells undergo a developmental process during illumination yielding full functional chloroplasts. The appearance of chlorophyll, cytochrome 552, cytochrome 563, and ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase in these cells was investigated and different kinetics of synthesis were observed for each component.
Light adaptation experiments on dark grown cells in the presence of the 70S ribosome in­ hibitor, chloramphenicol, revealed that the synthesis of cytochrome 552 was blocked but not cytochrome 563. In presence of the 80S ribosome inhibitor cycloheximide, the synthesis of both cytochromes as well as of chlorophyll (a + b) and of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase were inhibited. However, at low concentrations of cycloheximide (3.5 to 9 x 10-8 ᴍ), a stimulation of the synthesis per cell of the cytochromes, of chlorophyll (a + b) and of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase was observed.
Differences in the Lipid Distribution in Subcellular Fractions of Mouse Fibroblasts Derived from Logarithmic and Stationary Growth
Authors: Kulas Hans Peter , Anderer F. Alfred 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
The lipid class compositions of subcellular fractions of SV40-transformed mouse fibroblasts derived from the logarithmic and stationary growth phase were compared. Cell populations of the stationary growth phase showed a relative decrease of the protein content and an increase of triglycerides and alkoxydiglycerides which could be located in the non-sedimenting fraction and in the nuclei and mitochondria containing fraction, respectively. Furtheron, distinct shifts in the subcellular distribution of those lipid classes could be observed which exhibited no relative overall increase or decrease when the cells of both growth phases were compared. In the crude plasma membrane fraction the ratio “lipid class/protein” remained about constant with the exception of the phospholipids and alkoxydiglycerides.
Ultrastructure of Gene Transcription in Spermatocytes of Trichosia pubescens Morgante, 1969 (Diptera: Sciaridae)
Authors: Amabis J.M. , Nair K. K. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
In spread preparations of whole spermatocytes of Trichosia pubescens the ribosomal transcription units could be identified by virtue of their “Christmas-tree-like” morphology. The ultrastructural features of these matrices are similar to those described in other eucaryotes. However, in contrast to the previously described systems the “spacer” unit between these matrix units is very small or non-existent at all. In addition, axial fibers displaying much longer lateral fibrils, irregularly spaced, and not as closely packed as in the ribosomal cistrons, were found. These are likely to represent active nonribosomal transcription. In a few instances these lateral fibrils show a gradual increase in their length.
Notizen: Indirect EPR Evidence for the Production of Singlet Oxygen in the Photosensitization of Nucleic Acid Constituents by Proflavine
Authors: Vorst Albert van de , Lion Yves 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
EPR spectroscopy is used to analyse the influence of D2O and NaN3 on the free radicals induced in frozen aqueous solutions of 5′-thymidine monophosphate photo­ sensitized (λ>320 nm) by proflavine at 205 K. The results can be explained if the production of singlet oxygen during the process is assumed.
Notizen: Methylierung von Transfer RNA pflanzlicher Zellen / Methylation of Transfer RNA in Plant Cells
Authors: Kern Hartmut 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
The possibility of using 2-methyladenine, previously reported as a specific component of prokaryotic tRNA, as a marker for the presence of bacterial informations in plant tumour cells was investigated. Normal and transformed, bacteria-free, tobacco cells exhibited slightly different me­ thylation patterns in their tRNA . However, 2-methyladenine was present in both normal and transformed cells. This makes it impossible to detect the occurrence of tRNA from tumour-inciting bacteria in crown-gall cells on the basis of methylation patterns.
Notizen: Estimation by Reassociation Assay of Viral DNA Copies in Three Polyom a Virus Transformed Cell Lines
Authors: Reinke Claudia , Brandner Gerhard 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
The number of polyomavirus genome equivalents in three transformed hamster cell lines were shown by DNA reassociation assay to be 1.3, 1.9 and 2.5 per cell.
Notizen: Der Einfluß der Stichprobengröße auf das Ergebnis einer Varianzanalyse bei gestreckten und gestauchten Mutanten von Pisum sativum / The Influence of the Sample Size upon the Result of an Analysis of Variance in Long-Stemmed and Short-Stemmed Mutants of Pisum sativum
Authors: Weber Ernst 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
The length of the epidermal cells at the 10th intemode was studied by means of the analysis of variance in the normal type and 6 of each long-stemmed and short-stemmed mutants of Pisum sativum. The effect of samples of four different sizes on the result of the analysis of variance was investigated. It was found that, based on 78 comparisons of 13 means each, an increase of the sample size from ti= 25 to n = 100 increases the significant differences from 53 to 64.
Über den biologischen Einfluß von N-Methyl-N-β-chloräthylhydrazin und seinem Benzaldehydhydrazon auf Hefezellen ( Saccharomyces cerevisiae) / Effect of N-Methyl-N-β-chloroethyl-hydrazine-HCl on the Growth and Multiplication of Yeast Cells (Saccharomyces cerevisiae)
Authors: Braun R. , Lange H. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
N-Methyl-N-β-chloroethyl-hydrazine-HCl and its benzaldehydhydrazone inhibit growth and multi­plication of yeast cells. The DNA-synthesis is partially blocked. After removal of the substances the rate of this synthesis is much more increased than that of RNA and protein. The both sub­ stances we tested are more effective than simple alkylhydrazines.
Thallium-III-trifluoracetat-katalysierte Abbaureaktion von 5.7.3′.4′-Tetrahydroxyflavanon zu 5.7-Dihydroxychromon und 1.2.4-Trihydroxybenzol / Thallium -III-trifluoracetate Catalyzed Degradation of 5,7,3′,4′-Tetrahydroxyflavanone to 5,7-Dihydroxychromone and 1,2,4-Trihydroxybenzene
Authors: Stocker Martha , Janistyn Boris 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Two reaction products of thallium-III-trifluoracetate catalyzed degradation of 5,7,3′,4′-tetra-hydroxyflavanone could be isolated and identified as 5,7-dihydroxychromone and 1,2,4-trihydroxy-benzene.
Synthese einer Partialsequenz aus dem aktiven Zentrum der Streptokokken-Proteinase (EC 3.4.22.10), IX / Synthesis of a Fragment of the Active Center of the Streptococcal Proteinase (EC 3.4.22.10), IX
Authors: Raschig Andreas , Schneider Friedhelm 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
The synthesis of the protected pentapeptide tert-butyloxycarbonyl-Gln-Ile-Met-Lys (X) -Gly-p-nitrobenzylester (X = benzyloxycarbonyl, 3-chlor-benzyloxycarbonyl) which is part of the carboxylend of a partial sequence of the active center of the streptococcal proteinase is described. Side reactions are observed if the tert-butyloxycarbonyl-protective group is cleaved by trifluoroacetic acid, not with HCl/dioxane. Obviously the presence of methionine is responsible for the formation of by products. Formation of methioninesulfoxide or tert-butylsulfoniummethionine could not be proved. tert-butyloxycarbonyl-Gln-1-hydroxybenzotriazolylester was obtained in a crystalline state from the reaction of ferf-butyloxycarbonyl-Gln, dicyclohexylcarbodiimid and 1-hydroxybenzotriazol.
On the Reconstitution of Photophosphorylation in CF1-Extracted Chloroplasts
Authors: Hesse H , Jank-Ladwig Rita , Strotmann H 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
1. A method for the reproducible preparation of CF1-depleted thylakoid membranes was established. By repeated washes with pyrophosphate solution and subsequent treatment with sucrose media, containing micromolar concentrations of Ca2+ or Mg2+, different degrees of CF1 depletion and uncoupling were adjusted.
2. The membranes were completely uncoupled when about 50% CF1 was removed. Re-coupling with isolated CF1 was maximal at this point. It decreased with progressive CF1 extraction.
3. The re-attached CF1 particles regained their ability of energy-dependent adenine nucleotide exchange, an essential reaction in photophosphorylation.
4. CF1-depleted membranes showed two main morphological alterations,
a. unstacknig of the grana, and
b. a perforation of the thylakoid membranes in those chloroplasts which showed a poor recoupling activity. Whereas CF1-depletion and unstacking were found to be reversible, the formation of holes was an irreversible effect.
5. The decreasing re-coupling activity was discussed in context to the irreversible perforation of the thylakoid membranes.
Chromoplasts in Rosa rugosa: Development and Chemical Characterization of Tubular Elements
Authors: Wuttke Hans-Gunter 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
1. Development and fine structure of the chromoplasts in hips of Rosa rugosa have been in­ vestigated by electron and polarizing microscopy.
2. The chromoplasts develop from chloroplasts. During disorganization of the thylakoid system characteristic strutures become visible: ‘oblique’ grana, U-shaped thylakoids, and occassionally ‘thylakoid teeth’ as well as thylakoid anastomoses. - In this early stage, tubules appear in the plastid matrix. They are sometimes connected with membranes, especially with thylakoids.
3. In ripe hips the chromoplasts are packed with tubules. These chromoplast tubules, which attain lengths of up to at least 1.5 μm, are non-ramified and lie parallel to each other. Their diameter is variable, with a mean of 18 nm. They are polygonal in cross-section with electron-dense walls and electron-transparent cores. Association of ellipsoidal osmiophilic globules with the tubules can often be seen. Irregularly swollen remnants of former thylakoids are found in connection with these tubules. In spindle-shaped chromoplasts, the tubules are oriented parallel to the longitudinal axis. Positive birefringence and positive dichroism are observed.
4. The chemical composition of tubule fractions has been analyzed. The tubules contain appreciable amounts of carotenoids, phospho- and glycolipids, and proteins.
5. The origin and development of the tubules is discussed. It appears likely that reorganization of part of the thylakoid system and synthesis of carotenoids are involved in the formation of tubules.
6. The plastids in the yellow autumn leaves of Rosa rugosa contain globules but not tubules.
On the Protein Composition of Ribonucleoprotein Particles before and after Fertilization of Sea Urchin Eggs ( Echinus esculentus)
Authors: Liautard Jean-Pierre , Liautard Janny 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Ribonucleoprotein Particles Experiments indicate that eggs and embryos of the North Sea sea urchin Echinus esculentus are excellent material to investigate the regulation of protein synthesis before and after fertilization. The dormant egg contains several proteins which are absent from embryos. Such additional proteins have been detected on the small ribosomal subunits, in the salt wash of whole ribosomes, and as­ sociated with cytoplasmic messenger ribonucleoprotein particles.
Sulfated Macromolecules in Early Embryos of Limnaea
Authors: Brahmachary R. L. , Ghosal D. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Molluscan Embryo, Sulfated Acid Mucopolysaccharide, Sulfated Protein An attempt has been made to partially characterize the substance responsible for the rhythmic incorporation of 35S (inorganic sulfate) in the course of the cell cycle in early Limnaea embryos. This trichloroacetic acid (TCA) insoluble substance is partly pronase sensitive, and dissociable into two fractions after treatment with NaCl. One of these re­ mains TCA-insoluble while the other is TCA soluble but precipitable by cetyl pyridinium chloride. Thus, unlike in some other higher organisms, the major part of the inorganic sulfate is incorporated here into a fraction which is not a simple mucopolysaccharide, but is more likely to be a protein-mucopolysaccharide complex, rather like the chondro-mucoprotein of chick-embryo cartilage.
O-Methylierung von Adrenalin, 3.4-Dihydroxybenzoesäure und 6.7-Dihydroxycumarin in Sproßpilzen /O-Methylation of Epinephrine, 3,4-Dihydroxybenzoic Acid and 6,7-Dihydroxycoumarin in Yeasts
Authors: Müller-Enoch D , Thomas H , Streng W , Ildfeuer W , Haferkamp O 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
In the yeasts C. albicans, C. tropicalis, and C. stellatoidea but not in C. krusei, R. rubra, and S. cerevisiae enzyme activity was found by which - as by the catechol-O-methyltransferase (EC 2.1.1.6) found in the liver - the O-methylation of epinephrine to metanephrine and paranephrine, of 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid to 4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzoic acid and 3-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzoic acid, and of 6,7-dihydroxycoumarin to 7-hydroxy-6-methoxycoumarin and 6-hydroxy-7-methoxy-coumarin is catalysed.
When the substrates 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid, or 6,7-dihydroxycoumarin or epinephrine were incubated in the presence of S-adenosyl-ʟ-[methyl-14C] methionine and S-adenosylmethionine hydrogensulfate with a 100 000 X g supernatant of C. albicans, C. tropicalis or C. stellatoidea the cor­responding O-methylethers were detected in the extracts of the incubation medium by thin-layer chromatography.
Final identification of the isomeric radioactive O-methylethers obtained from 3,4-dihydroxy­ benzoic acid and 6,7-dihydroxycoumarin was performed after thin-layer chromatographic separation by the reversed isotope dilution technique.
The radioactive m-and p-O-methyl derivatives from epinephrine were separated by thin-layer chromatography and then cleaved with periodate to the corresponding aldehydes which were also identified mainly by the reversed isotope dilution technique.
An Isocratic High-Pressure Liquid Chromatographie Purification Method for Radioactively Labeled Deoxyribonucleoside Triphosphates
Authors: Breter Hans-Joachim , Zahn Rudolf 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
A method is described for the rapid purification of radioactively labeled deoxyribonucleoside tri­phosphates from their spontaneously emerging hydrolysis products deoxyribonucleoside diphosphate, deoxyribonucleoside monophosphate, and deoxyribonucleoside. The separations which are finished within 3 min or less are carried out on a 0.1X5 cm column filled with LiChrosorb-NH2 , using isocratic elution with 0.025 м potassium phosphate, pH 6 .8 , in a high-pressure liquid chromatograph at room temperature and a flow rate of 30 ml · h-1(flow velocity 63.7 cm·min-1).
Purification of Histone F3 by Covalent Chromatography
Authors: Oster Oskar , Buchlow Gerhard 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
The arginine-rich histone F3 has been purified by covalent affinity chromatography. By the use of activated Thiol-Sepharose 4B for the purification of cysteine containing histone F3 a highly pure protein was obtained. The simple purification procedure offers the opportunity to get larger amounts of pure histone F3 within short time.
Modifizierung von Glycerinaldehyd-3-phosphat-Dehydrogenase aus Kaninchen-Skelettmuskel mit dem Coenzymanalogen [3-(3-Bromacetylpyridinio)-propyl]-adenosin-pyrophosphat / Modification of Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate Dehydrogenase from Rabbit Skeletal Muscle by [3-(3-Bromoacetylpyridinio)-propyl]-Adenosine Pyrophosphate
Authors: Dietz Gerhard , Woenckhaus Christoph , Jaenicke Rainer , Schuster Inge 
Published: August 2018

The NAD analogue [3-(3-acetylpyridinio)-propyl] adenosine pyrophosphate forms enzymically inactive complexes with glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase from yeast and rabbit skeletal muscle. In the latter enzyme four mol of the analogue are bound with equal affinity inhibiting the enzyme in a competitive way: KI = 0.3 mM as compared to the dissociation constant KD=O.6 mм.
The brominated derivative [3- (3-bromoacetylpyridinio) -propyl] adenosine pyrophosphate is co­valently bound to both enzymes causing irreversible loss of enzymic activity. Complete inactivation of the enzyme from muscle requires two moles of the analogue per mol of tetramer. The remaining two sites are still able to bind two mol of NAD+ without regain of enzymic activity. In the case of the yeast enzyme four mol of the analogue are bound. Inactivation of the rabbit muscle enzyme is accompanied by the disappearance of two out of four highly reactive sulfhydryl groups; in the yeast enzyme the four active site cysteine residues are still able to react with DTNB1 the reactivity being diminished significantly.
Hybrid formation between the native enzymes from yeast and skeletal muscle is not affected by the modification of the enzyme. Similarly the sedimentation properties of the covalently modi­fied enzyme are indistinguishable from those of the native molecule. This indicates that both the native and the irreversibly inhibited enzyme are identical regarding their quaternary structure.
Renaturation of Alkali-Denatured T 7 DNA Molecules Complexed with Ethidium Bromide
Authors: Sinha R. K. , Talapatra Papiya , Mitra Aruna , Mazumdar Sandip 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Free and ethidium bromide (EB) complexed alkali denatured T7 DNA molecules were re-natured at 58 and 62 °C respectively for 1 -3 h. The structures of the renaturation products of the free candidates were as usual showing native like, branched and unrenatured DNA whereas the structures of the ethidium bromide complexed one were somewhat different, showing non-renatured loop-like and entangled regions present inbetween the renatured segments. On the basis of the linear base sequence of T7 DNA, these non-renatured parts are indicative of the inhibition of renaturation by the complexed EB molecules. Mapping of the non-renatured regions showed that they were present at some specific sites, which inturn suggested that the EB-binding has some base sequence specificity.
Normale Entwicklung der Fliege Drosophila in Niederfrequenten Magnetfeldern / Normal Development of the Fruitfly Drosophila in VLF Magnetic Fields
Authors: Götz Karl Georg , Götz Simon 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Attempts to substantiate irreversible actions of a variety of magnetic fields on the fruitfly, Drosophila melanogaster, have been successful and unsuccessful in about equal numbers. The most conspicuous mutagenic effects apparently induced by pulsed H F-fields failed to appear under continuous electromagnetic irradiation. This seems to correlate the observed damage with the VLF-components of the pulsed fields. The present investigation is motivated by the occurrence of these components both in the atmosphere and in the vicinity of electrical appliances. A strain of normally viable wild type males and subnormally viable Attached-X γ ω females was used in which the yield, and the sex ratio, of the progeny indicate, respectively, the extent of developmental damage and of sex-linked recessive lethal mutation induced by the exposure to detrimental conditions. Evaluation of 73,800 flies from subsequent generations of a control group and two test groups raised in steady, or rotating, homogeneous 9.6 kHz magnetic fields of about 2.5 G did not reveal any development of hereditare load in the test groups.
IV. An Improved Separation Method for Twenty two Compounds Related to Purine and 6-Thiopurine Metabolism Using High-Pressure Liquid Cation-Exchange Chromatography
Authors: Breter Hans-Joachim 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
An improved method is described for the separation of 22 compounds normally related to purine and 6-thiopurine metabolism in biological materials using high-pressure liquid cation-exchange chromatography on strongly acidic exchange resin. The column (0.18 × 100 cm) is eluted with 0.4 ᴍ ammonium formate, pH 4.6, at a linear flow velocity of 5.2 cm · min-1 at 50 °C. The elution volumes of sulphate anions, allopurinol, 6-thioxanthine, adenine, adenosine, and guanosine are demonstrated additionally to further 16 purine and 6-thiopurine compounds.
Die Bedeutung der Homogenisationsart und -intensität für die Größe und Konstanz der Sauerstoffaufnahme von Meerschweinchen-Leberhomogenat / The Influence of Mode and Intensity of Homogenization on the Absolute Value and Stability of Oxygen Consumption of Guinea Pig Liver Homogenates
Authors: Schmidt H. J. , Schaum U. , Pichotka J. P. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
The influence of five different methods of homogenisation (1. The method according to Potter and Elvehjem, 2. A modification of this method called Potter S, 3. The method of Dounce, 4. Homogenisation by hypersonic waves and 5. Coarce-grained homogenisation with the “Mikro-fleischwolf”) on the absolute value and stability of oxygen uptake of guinea pig liver homogenates has been investigated in simultaneous measurements. All homogenates showed a characteristic fall of oxygen uptake during measuring time (3 hours). The modified method according to Potter and Elvehjem called Potter S showed reproducible results without any influence by homogenisation intensity.
Evidence for an 4-Ene-3-oxosteroid-5^-reductase and Δ4-Δ5-Ketosteroid Isomerase Activity in Extracts of Streptomyces hydrogenans
Authors: Tinschert Werner , Träger Lothar 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
A homogenate of cells of Streptomyces hydrogenans which have been cultivated in the presence of estradiol-17β, was separated by gel filtration on Sephadex G-200. In the presence of NADH, a few distinct fractions converted about 10% of [3H] testosterone to 5α-dihydrotestosterone (5α-DHT), 5α-androstanedione, 4-androstenedione, and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA). The metabolites were separated after two consecutive runs on silica gel and propanediol-1,2-impregnated cellulose plates by thin layer chromatography. Identification was achieved by comparison with known steroid samples, specific staining procedures and by crystallization to constant specific radioactivity. The 5α-reductase activity responsible for the formation of 5α-DHT and 5α-androstanedione in vitro required NADH as co-substrate and could only be found after induction of the cells with estradiol-17β in vivo. Within the same chromatographic fractions, a Δ4-Δ5-ketosteroid isomerase activity can be detected which catalyzes the reverse reaction from the 4-androstene testosterone to the 5-anthrostene DHEA in vitro.
Calcium Gradient Dependent Pyrophosphate Formation by Sarcoplasmic Vesicles
Authors: Hasselbach Wilhelm , Migala Andrea 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Pyrophosphate Synthesis, Sarcoplasmic Reticulum, Calcium Accumulation The vesicles of the sarcoplasmic membranes synthesize pyrophosphate from inorganic phosphate. Pyrophosphate synthesis proceeds as long as a calcium gradient is maintained across the vesicular membranes. Pyrophosphate synthesis is inhibited by low concentrations of nucleoside triphosphates.
Preliminary Report on the Mating Behaviour of the Primitive Spider Heptathela kimurai (Kishida) (Araneae, Liphistiomorphae)
Authors: Haupt Joachim 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
The mating behaviour of a spider belonging to the Liphi­ stiomorphae (Mesothelae) is described. Mating is introduced by palpal signals of the male. The copulation takes place just in front of the opened trap-door of the female’s burrow. The male inserts only one palpal organ. After the copulation the couple separates quickly but peacefully.