bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Percutaneous Gastrostomy Tube Placement: Recognizing When Things Go Wrong
Authors: Hoang Peter T. , Menias Christine O. , Niemeyer Matthew M. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractPercutaneous radiologic gastrostomy is a commonly performed, minimally invasive procedure for long-term enteral access in patients with a variety of conditions. Compared with other methods, it is less invasive, less costly, and safe, with a high technical success rate. The risk of complications is low, and most require only conservative management. Early, accurate diagnosis of more severe complication is crucial, as these may require prompt intervention. Therefore, radiologists should understand the imaging features, clinical presentation, and management of gastrostomy-related complications. This article will review the indications for long-term enteral access, discuss the available methods, summarize the percutaneous radiologic technique, and highlight the associated complications from gastrostomy placement.
Percutaneous Interventional Management of Spinal Metastasis
Authors: Lee Seon-Kyu , Weiss Brandon , Yanamadala Vijay , Brook Allan 
Published: August 2019

AbstractSpinal metastasis is usually associated with debilitating pain and results in deteriorating life quality. The role of percutaneous management of spinal metastasis has evolved from a diagnostic role to a significant part of therapeutic options in conjunction with conventional management techniques, including radiotherapy and open surgical options. Percutaneous vertebral augmentation (PVA) showed substantial pain reduction, vertebral stabilization, and improvement of quality of life. Minimally invasive local ablative procedures (MILAPs) demonstrated significant pain reduction, local tumor burden control, and improvement of quality of life. Though combined PVA and MILAP's synergistic role in pain reduction may need additional investigation, considering different actions on spine metastasis patients, combining both techniques might beneficial to selected patients. The role of percutaneous management will likely expand since its role in improving patient's quality of life with very minimal procedure-related risk and in conjunction with future technological advancement.
Gastroschisis: State of the Art in Translating Experimental Research to the Bedside
Authors: Sbragia Lourenço , Figueira Rebeca Lopes , Miura da Costa Karina , Volpe Fábio Perecim 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe survival rate of newborns with gastroschisis (GS) has been increasing in the past decades; however, the morbidity continues to be high, mainly related to the length of hospitalization due to disturbances of motility, absorption, and risk of intestinal infections. The development of basic research with the creation of experimental models has provided enormous advances in the understanding of the pathophysiology of the disease. These models allowed the study of the target genes involved in the embryology of the defect, the influence of the amniotic fluid, and the use of drugs and fetal therapies in an attempt to reduce the intestinal damage and to provide a rapid return of intestinal motility. Our aim was to describe the main GS models and the translational, historical impact of these research advances on the disease.
A Comparative Study of Auditory-Perceptual Speech Measures for the Early Detection of Mild Speech Impairments
Authors: Kuruvilla-Dugdale Mili , Threlkeld Katie , Salazar Mary , Nolan Gwen , Heidrick Lindsey 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background and Purpose The aim of the study was to compare transcription-based speech intelligibility and scaled speech severity for the detection of mild speech impairments, by studying these metrics across talkers with Parkinson's disease (PD), age- and sex-matched older adults, and younger adults. An additional aim was to determine the impact of listener experience on these clinical measures.
Methods Fifteen speakers from each experimental group were asked to read aloud 11 randomly generated sentences from the Speech Intelligibility Test at their typical speaking rate and loudness. Two groups of four listeners each, stratified as experienced or inexperienced listeners based on their clinical experience, judged the sentence samples. To estimate intelligibility, both listener groups were asked to orthographically transcribe exactly what they heard for each sentence. For severity estimates, the listener groups were asked to rate the sentences for overall quality based on voice, resonance, articulation, and prosody, using a visual analog scale.
Results Transcription-based intelligibility and scaled severity scores of the PD group differed significantly from those of the older and younger adults. Between-age group differences in intelligibility and scaled severity were not observed. Listener experience had an impact on scaled speech severity, but not speech intelligibility. Between-group differences in speech severity were driven by the inexperienced group and not the experienced listener group.
Implications Both transcription-based intelligibility and scaled severity estimates appear to be sensitive to relatively mild speech impairments in PD. Obtaining scaled severity is less labor intensive than transcription; therefore, visual analog scaling may be the preferred paradigm for clinical use. However, listener experience and training are important considerations for scaling techniques to be implemented clinically.
On the interaction of core and emergent common ground in Internet memes
Authors: Diedrichsen Elke 
Published: August 2019

AbstractInternet memes are meaningful objects of diverse shapes that spread across networks of mediated participation (term fromMilner 2012: 10). The distribution and reception of memes bears aspects of communicative interaction, because memes establish usage conventions. This paper will be concerned with the pragmatics of Internet memes. Given that flexibility, novelty and originality are driving forces in meme culture, the question arises how traditional pragmatic notions likerecipient designandcommon groundcan be said to apply for the interaction with memes. Kecskes’ (2008,2010,2012,2014;Kecskes and Zhang 2009) distinction between core common ground and emergent common ground will be discussed and put to use for an explanation of the complex interactive dynamics of Internet communication. This modern form of communication oscillates between reference to shared cultural contents and the establishment and perpetuation of conventions on the one hand, and the pursuit of originality on the other hand. This paper will demonstrate how memes can vary with respect to the degree to which they require core common ground or the generation of emergent common ground for their proper usage. The scale presented as a result of the discussion represents a continuum of the prevalence of semantics versus pragmatics involved in the usage and interpretation of memes.
Effects of mental fatigue on passing decision‐making performance in professional soccer athletes
Authors: Gantois Petrus , Caputo Ferreira Maria Elisa , de Lima‐Junior Dalton , Nakamura Fábio Y. , Batista Gilmário Ricarte , Fonseca Fabiano S. , Fortes Leonardo de Sousa 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe aim of this study was to analyse the effect of mental fatigue on passing decision‐making in professional soccer athletes. A controlled and counterbalanced cross‐over design was adopted consisting of three visits with a 1‐week interval between sessions. Twenty professional soccer male athletes participated in three randomized conditions divided into three visits: control, 15‐min Stroop task, and 30‐min Stroop task. Inhibitory control was accessed by the Stroop task (accuracy and response time) before and after induced mental fatigue protocol. The athletes played a training match (90‐min) following the experimental conditions. The Game Performance Assessment Instrument (GPAI) was used for the passing decision‐making analysis. The GPAI analysis showed impaired passing decision‐making performance following the 30‐min Stroop task compared with the 15‐min and control condition (F (2,17) = 6.99, p = .01). Moreover, an increase in response time during the Stroop task was found following 30‐min Stroop task condition (F (2,17) = 6.57, p = .03) compared to 15‐min of Stroop task and control conditions. Prolonged cognitive tasks may be considered a mediating factor in passing decision‐making performance in male professional soccer athletes throughout a full‐length training match. Thus, athletes should avoid highly demanding‐cognitive tasks before a soccer match. Future studies are required to explore more ecological cognitive tasks to induce mental fatigue (i.e. smartphones and video‐games) and their effects on other performance indicators (e.g. physical, technical, tactical) in a full‐length training match setting.
Darboux Transformation for a Negative Order AKNS Equation
Authors: Wajahat H. , Riaz A. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Using a quasideterminant Darboux matrix, we compute soliton solutions of a negative order AKNS (AKNS(−1)) equation. Darboux transformation (DT) is defined on the solutions to the Lax pair and the AKNS(−1) equation. By iterated DT to K-times, we obtain multisoliton solutions. It has been shown that multisoliton solutions can be expressed in terms of quasideterminants and shown to be related with the dressed solutions as obtained by dressing method.
On U(1) Gauge Theory Transfer-Matrix in Fourier Basis*
Authors: Vadood Narges , Fatollahi Amir H. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

The properties of the transfer-matrix of U(1) lattice gauge theory in the Fourier basis are explored. Among other statements it is shown: (i) the transfer-matrix is block-diagonal, (ii) all consisting vectors of a block are known based on an arbitrary block vector, (iii) the ground-state belongs to the zero-mode’s block. The emergence of maximum-points in matrix-elements as functions of the gauge coupling is clarified. Based on explicit expressions for the matrix-elements we present numerical results as tests of our statements.
Gravitational Waves and Extra Dimensions: A Short Review*
Authors: Yu Hao , Lin Zi-Chao , Liu Yu-Xiao 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

We give a brief review on the recent development of gravitational waves in extra-dimensional theories of gravity. Studying extra-dimensional theories with gravitational waves provides a new way to constrain extra dimensions. After a flash look at the history of gravitational waves and a brief introduction to several major extra-dimensional theories, we focus on the sources and spectra of gravitational waves in extra-dimensional theories. It is shown that one can impose limits on the size of extra dimensions and the curvature of the universe by researching the propagations of gravitational waves and the corresponding electromagnetic waves. Since gravitational waves can propagate throughout the bulk, how the amplitude of gravitational waves decreases determines the number of extra dimensions for some models. In addition, we also briefly present some other characteristics of gravitational waves in extra-dimensional theories.
Single layer graphene induces load-bearing molecular layering at the hexadecane-steel interface
Authors: Krämer G , Kim C , Kim K-S , Bennewitz R 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The influence of a single layer graphene on the interface between a polished steel surface and the model lubricant hexadecane is explored by high-resolution force microscopy. Nanometer-scale friction is reduced by a factor of three on graphene compared to the steel substrate, with an ordered layer of hexadecane adsorbed on the graphene. Graphene furthermore induces a molecular ordering in the confined lubricant with an average range of 4–5 layers and with a strongly increased load-bearing capacity compared to the lubricant on the bare steel substrate.
Mollow triplet in cold atoms
Authors: Ortiz-Gutiérrez Luis , Teixeira Raul Celistrino , Eloy Aurélien , Ferreira da Silva Dilleys , Kaiser Robin , Bachelard Romain , Fouché Mathilde 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
In this paper, we measure the spectrum of light scattered by a cold atomic cloud driven by a strong laser beam. The experimental technique is based on heterodyne spectroscopy coupled to single-photon detectors and intensity correlations. At resonance, we observe the Mollow triplet. This spectrum is quantitatively compared to the theoretical one, emphasizing the influence of the temperature of the cloud and the finite-size of the laser beam. Off resonance measurements are also done showing a very good agreement with theory.
Microscopic origin of level attraction for a coupled magnon-photon system in a microwave cavity
Authors: Proskurin Igor , Macêdo Rair , Stamps Robert L 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
We discuss various microscopic mechanisms for level attraction in a hybridized magnon-photon system of a ferromagnet in a microwave cavity. The discussion is based upon the electromagnetic theory of continuous media where the effects of the internal magnetization dynamics of the ferromagnet are described using dynamical response functions. This approach is in agreement with quantized multi-oscillator models of coupled photon-magnon dynamics. We demonstrate that to provide the attractive interaction between the modes, the effective response functions should be diamagnetic. Magneto-optical coupling is found to be one mechanism for the effective diamagnetic response, which is proportional to photon number. A dual mechanism based on the Aharonov–Casher effect is also highlighted, which is instead dependent on magnon number.
Enhancement of magnetic properties of PVDF by synthesize nano composite using NiZn ferrite
Authors: Salem B I , Hemeda O M , Tawfik A , El-Shahawy M M 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The (XRD) patterns of the samples Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 in the form of powder were prepared using the ball milling technique for 41, 67 and 90 hours and were annealed at 1073, 1273 and 1373 K and (Poly vinylidine Fluoride) (PVDF) and composite samples of x% Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4/PVDF, (x% = 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25%) have been studied. The α phase decrease and β-phases increase by increasing the ferrite content suggesting less crystallinity producing an amorphous structure of PVDF at x = 25% ferrite where as β PVDF nucleates in the composites The electric polarization increases by increasing NZF content. The transition from ferromagnetic (order state) to paramagnetic (disorder state) occurs at Curie temperature TC (600K). The DC resistivity is nearly constant from 153k to 286k for all composite samples and then decreases at high temperature. The behavior of dielectric constant and dielectric loss was measured in the temperature range from 200K to 700K. With the increase of magnetic content, the saturation magnetization (Ms) value of the composites also increases.
Structural and Magnetic Properties of Nano Ferrite for Magnetoelectric Applications
Authors: Hemeda O M , Tawfik A , Mostafa M , Zaki M , Abd El Ati M I 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
A Series of ferrite samples Ni0.1 Cu0.2 Zn0.7-x Mgx Fe2O4 (where x = 0, 0.15, 0.25, 0.35, 0.45, 0.55 and 0.7) were synthesized using auto combustion flash method. The samples were annealed at 600 °c for 2 hours to eliminate the foreign phases of the constituent nitrate and internal stress. The purity of phase structure was confirmed by x-ray diffraction. Some structural and microstructural parameters like porosity, x-ray density, crystallite size and lattice constant were deduced from x-ray. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis reveals that the grains are separated by pores in all samples and the average grain size decreases with increasing Mg content. Magnetic properties such as coercivity (Hc), saturation magnetization (Ms) and retentivity (Mr) were measured from M-H loops. The magnetization curves were characterized by low coercivity indicating that our samples are soft magnetic material. Both saturation magnetization and coercivity increase by increasing Mg ions where Ms reaches maximum value at x = 0.35 then decrease for higher Mg content.
Characterization of table salt samples from different origins and ESR detection of the induced effects due to gamma irradiation
Authors: Abdou Saleh M. , Moharam Hany 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Three nominated types of table salt samples are obtained from different sources: “cok” rooks table salt, “sal” red sea marine table salt, “Dr.salt” table salt with low sodium content prepared for hypertensive patients to procedure in this work labeled C, S and D respectively. Characterization of the table salt types using X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses and the energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis was carried out. EDX analyses show a difference in sodium and chloride content percentage atomic ratio between the three salt types. Also, potassium is apparent in the salt type D. The positions of each diffraction peak maximum intensity were obtained and compared with the corresponding peak in the database. Also, to discriminate the diffraction peaks of the impurities.Samples were irradiated with gamma source using Co60 at room temperature. Electron spin resonance (ESR) has been studied in the three different commercial table salt samples. The aim of the present study is to investigate the sensitivity of the naturally occurring table salts to gamma radiation, using the ESR technique The ESR results represent the signal intensity of the salt types C is higher than S than D. The results also indicate that, the ESR intensity of the table salt and the sensitivity to gamma radiation increases with increasing the percentage of sodium and also some other impurities in each content type.
The environmental and socioeconomic trade-offs of importing crops to meet domestic food demand in China
Authors: Huang Guorui , Yao Guolin , Zhao Jing , Lisk Matthew D , Yu Chaoqing , Zhang Xin 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
China increasingly relies on agricultural imports, driven by its rising population and income, as well as dietary shifts. International trade offers an opportunity to relieve pressures on resource depletion and pollution, such as nitrogen (N) pollution, while it poses multiple socioeconomic challenges, such as food availability. To quantify such trade-offs considering the roles of different crop types, we developed a unique crop-specific N budget database and assessed the impacts of the crop trade on multiple sustainability concerns including N pollution caused by crop production, crop land area, independence of food supply, and trade expenditures. We quantified the ‘virtual’ N inputs and harvested areas, which are the amount of N inputs and land resources used in exporting countries for China’s crop import. In addition, we proposed the concepts of ‘alternative’ N inputs and harvested area to quantify the resources needed if imported crops were produced in China. By comparing results from ‘alternative’ and ‘virtual’ concepts, we assessed the role of trade in Chinese crops over the past 30 years (i.e. 1986–2015) in alleviating N pollution and saving cropland in China and the world. Crop imports accounted for 31% of Chinese crop N consumption in 2015, and these crop imports eased the need for an additional cropland area of 62 million ha. It also avoided an N surplus by 56 and 36 Tg (Tg = 109 kg) for China and the world respectively but led to $621 billion crop trade expenditures over the 30 year period. The N pollution damage avoided by crop imports in economic terms was priced at $22 ± 16 billion in 2015, which is lower than the crop trade expenditures but may be surpassed in the future with the development of the Chinese economy. Optimizing a crop trade portfolio can shift domestic production from N-intensive crop production (e.g. maize, fruits, and vegetables) to N-efficient crop production (e.g. soybeans), and consequently mitigate an N surplus by up to 12%. Improving N use efficiency for individual crops can further increase the mitigation potential of N surplus to 30%–50%, but requires technology advancement and policy incentives.
Fast single-cell biochemistry: theory, open source microscopy and applications
Authors: Trinh Andrew L , Ber Suzan , Howitt Annie , Valls Pablo Oriol , Fries Maximilian W , Venkitaraman Ashok R , Esposito Alessandro 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Fluorescence lifetime sensing enables researchers to probe the physicochemical environment of a fluorophore providing a window through which we can observe the complex molecular make-up of the cell. Fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) quantifies and maps cell biochemistry, a complex ensemble of dynamic processes. Unfortunately, typical high-resolution FLIM systems exhibit rather limited acquisition speeds, often insufficient to capture the time evolution of biochemical processes in living cells. Here, we describe the theoretical background that justifies the developments of high-speed single photon counting systems. We show that systems with low dead-times not only result in faster acquisition throughputs but also improved dynamic range and spatial resolution. We also share the implementation of hardware and software as an open platform, show applications of fast FLIM biochemical imaging on living cells and discuss strategies to balance precision and accuracy in FLIM. The recent innovations and commercialisation of fast time-domain FLIM systems are likely to popularise FLIM within the biomedical community, to impact biomedical research positively and to foster the adoption of other FLIM techniques as well. While supporting and indeed pursuing these developments, with this work we also aim to warn the community about the possible shortcomings of fast single photon counting techniques and to highlight strategies to acquire data of high quality.
Accelerating small-angle scattering experiments with simulation-based machine learning
Authors: Kanazawa Takuya , Asahara Akinori , Morita Hidekazu 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Making material experiments more efficient is a high priority for materials scientists who seek to discover new materials with desirable properties. In this paper, we investigate how to optimize the laborious sequential measurements of materials properties with data-driven methods, taking the small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) experiment as a test case. We propose two methods for optimizing sequential data sampling. These methods iteratively suggest the best target for the next measurement by performing a statistical analysis of the already acquired data, so that maximal information is gained at each step of an experiment. We conducted numerical simulations of SANS experiments for virtual materials and confirmed that the proposed methods significantly outperform baselines.
Trichloroethylene exposure alters dimethylated histone three lysine four in protein kinase A signaling pathway chromatin of rat sperm†
Authors: Stermer Angela R , Wilson Shelby K , Klein David , Hall Susan J , Boekelheide Kim 
Published: August 2019

AbstractHistone three lysine four dimethylation (H3k4me2) in sperm is conserved across species and is linked to transgenerational epigenetic inheritance. To test whether H3K4me2 is a target for transgenerational inheritance of toxicity, a daily gavage bolus exposure of trichloroethylene (TCE) (1000 mg/kg/day) was given to rats for 14 weeks, then epididymal sperm were isolated and native chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by next generation sequencing (ChIP-seq) of H3K4me2 was performed. Differential region analysis determined there were 2608 significantly differential H3K4me2 regions after TCE exposure, 477 were significantly increased and 2131 were significantly decreased. Z-score enrichment of differential regions determined there were significantly decreased H3k4me2 in the coding and regulatory regions of genes in the PKA signaling pathway. These changes account for TCE induced spermatozoal toxicity and show H3K4me2 is a target for paternal inheritance of toxicity.