bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ecological Assessment of Formation of Solid Man-Made Wastes of Mining Production
Authors: Oreshkin D V , Proshljakov A N 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The article deals with environmental problems of formation of fine white marble wastes on the territory of Koelga deposit and total mining complex. The inventory analysis of marble wastes was carried out. The calculations to determine the amount of fine marble waste accumulated from the beginning of development of the deposit were included in the inventory analysis of waste. It also includes researches on the mineral, material, grain-size, element compositions of these wastes. The microstructure and x-rayphase analyses of these wastes present in this article. On the basis of the inventory analysis the ecological assessment of fine marble wastes and their impact on the ecology of the territory of complex was carried out and justified theoretically. The article outlines and scientifically substantiates the ways of large-scale utilization in the production of ceramic bricks. The authors believe that recycling of man-made wastes is required and is associated with the depletion of mineral resources available in the bowels of the Earth. The authors also note fast growth of volume of man-made waste and growth of abandoned territories under dumps, as well as a negative impact on the environment.
Defining Parameters of Thermal Exposure Equipment for Buckets of Mine Excavators
Authors: Zenkov S A 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The paper enlists experimental materials of research on effect of thermal exposure on mined rock exploiting by mine excavators. When extracting thawed mine rock under subzero air temperature, intensive freezing of cohesive ground to contacting bucket surfaces, pickup apparatus elements, conveyor belts, treating facilities and links takes place. Freezing intensity depends on humidity, grain size composition, physical properties and temperature of mined rock. Material properties of working bodies which contact mined ground also have significant impact on adhesion of freezing of mined rock. Clay rocks are the most prone to freezing on. Experimental research was carried on thermal exposure on adhesion of cohesive overburden rocks to mine excavator buckets under subzero temperatures. Two elastic heating units, ENGL-1 (ЭНГЛ-1) and ENGLU-400 (ЭНГЛУ-400) were considered as possible options for using directly on excavator bucket. As a result of aforementioned experiments shearing force between ground and surface of thermally exposed working body simulator device was calculated for each of the heating units. The experiments proved that shearing force with thermal exposure decreases sevenfold for ENGL-1 heating element and eightfold – for ENGLU-400 heating element (compared to shearing force without any exposure), which can improve performance of mechanization of stripping operations when overburden rocks exploiting. Results of experimental research are presented and optimal equipment parameters are defined. An engineering solution for excavator bucket with integrated heating unit is proposed.
Typical Signs and Properties of Agricultural-Podzolic Soils of Northern Forest-Steppe
Authors: Gaffarova L G 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Based on the results of soil and agrochemical surveys, the state of soil fertility of agro-podzolic soils of the northern forest-steppe under conditions of intensive farming has been studied. The generalization of the soil properties of individual indicators in an amount of 44-148 values characterizing the given territory was carried out by methods of mathematical statistics. The features of the analyzed soils are discussed by dividing into two groups - fundamental and stable. The first group includes a combination of genetic horizons of the soil profile. This group also included the content of clay fraction and physical clay, the pH of the salt extract. The group of stable soil properties includes the humus content, the sum of absorbed bases and hydrolytic acidity. The results of typical soil characteristics and properties, depending on the duration and intensity of the impact of agricultural processing, their indicators are a criterion for assessing and optimizing soil conditions for crops. In this case, the actual data processed by the statistical method is more informative than the specific measurements.
Sediments as Indicators of Petrochemical Industrial Effluents
Authors: Stepanova N Yu , Latypova V Z , Nikitin O V , Novikova L V , Shakirova F M 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Sediments of the Kama River in area of effluents of the petrochemical industries were investigated. Analysis of whole-sediment samples were included grain size, metals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and total petroleum hydrocarbons. The results of the study demonstrated that the content of Al, Fe, Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, Pb was growing in sediments with different sorption capacity: sand<silty sand<silt. The trend of increase of Fe, Mn, Pb, Cu, Cr, Ni, Zn along the current of the Kama River was noted. The coefficient of enrichment showed that metals content in sediments is connected with natural processes of washing away of minerals. There were no standards exceeding neither sum PAH no separate components. Naphthalene (0.5-183.5 μg/kg) and acenaphthene (<0.5-33.3 μg/kg) made the main contribution to mass PAH content, content of chrysene in the area of petrochemical industries effluents was in range 8.4-44.7 μg/kg much more in comparison with other stations. Based on the ratio of marker PAH, most of samples are characterized by mixed type of PAH coming to the water course: from the oil production activity and fuel burning.
Assessment of Water Resources Using and Protection Main Parameters in Ural Federal District
Authors: Sapega V A , Petukhova V S 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The article contains an analysis of fresh water use in the Ural federal district for 2012-2015 years and waste waters characteristics. The materialsused forthe study included the data on the protection of the environment in Ural Federal district. The carried out analysis has shown that due to the water objects, the largest amount of fresh water is taken in Khanty-Mansisk autonomous district and Sverdlovsk region; the largest amount of used fresh water is in Khanty-Mansisk and Yamalo-Nenets autonomous districts (2022 and 389 mln. m3), and also in Tyumen region (221 mln. m3). In general, in the Ural federal district during 2012-2015 the largest amount of fresh waters is used for the industrial needs (in total - 48.3% of the used water). And among the autonomous districts and regions, Khanty-Mansisk AD and Sverdlovsk region dominate by this index. Maximal volume of the waste waters is noted in Sverdlovsk region (952 mln. m3). In the time course, significant decrease of their volume was revealed only in Sverdlovsk and Chelyabinsk regions.Sverdlovskand Chelyabinsk regions are characterized by the largest volume of the waste waters, requiring treatment on the average for 2012-2015 years (79.4% and 88.9% of waste watersvolume -in total). In general in the Ural federal district in 2012-2015 the volume of circulating and reused water supply systems made up 30472 mln m3. In the time course this volume has decreased in the Ural federal district, and also in the regions
Processing of Tungsten-Containing Tool Using Electrolytic Method
Authors: Kurkchi E U , Abkhairova S V , Yagyaev E E 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The regeneration processes of tungsten-cobalt alloy are studied. The electrochemical behaviour of tungsten and cobalt in tungsten-cobalt alloys in neutral salt solutions is investigated. The advantages of an electrochemical method for processing secondary raw materials by anodic dissolution are shown. It is established that tungsten and cobalt, entering the electrolyte, form insoluble oxides and hydroxides of impurity metals, which, due to poor solubility, quantitatively pass into the sludge. The technological regime of leaching of the oxide precipitate obtained by electrochemical oxidation of the alloy was determined: temperature is 90-95 °C; duration time is 2 hours; the concentration of nitric acid is 300-500 g / l; solid–liquid ratio is 1: 5. The advantage of this environmentally friendly method is the comparative simplicity of the process flow scheme, low capital and energy costs. The data obtained in these studies can be used for balance tests in large-scale laboratory, semi-experimental and experimental-industrial levels.
New Construction Solutions for Geoenvironment Protection of Transport Infrastructure
Authors: Sakharova A S , Petriaev A V , Kozlov I S 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Heavy metals are one of the most dangerous types of pollution for human, animal and plant life. The problem of pollution of geoenvironment by heavy metals during the operation of the railways is considered. To solve this problem the authors propose a new construction and technological solutions that can minimize geoenvironment pollution of transport infrastructure. These solutions are based on the use of mineral geoantidotes. Mineral geoantidotes are substances that have detoxification properties in relation to heavy metal ions. Qualitative chemical and potentiometric analyzes were used to study mineral geoantidotes. Schemes of technological operations for the creation of geoecoprotective constructions and objects are presented. New construction solutions will protect the geoenvironment from heavy metals contamination by combining geoenvironmental technology with the railway track repair or reconstruction.
The Evaluation of Natural Risks of Floods in the Delta of the River Selenga and Engineering Protection Against Flooding
Authors: Borisova T A 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The article contains the results of studies of integrated analysis and integrated risk assessment due to flooding for the mouth of the river. Selenga and the development of recommendations for the implementation of measures for engineering protection of the population and economic facilities. In the dynamics since 1931 the hydrological situation of the maximum monthly and multi-year levels and water discharge has been considered, the analysis of genesis, features of formation and mechanism of flooding is given. Scales of possible flooding, underflooding and a list of economic objects within the territory under consideration are presented based on the simulation of flooding zones at estimated water levels of a given probability of exceeding. Estimates of damages from flood floods of 1% of supply are shown. Proposed measures to protect the territories with an assessment of their feasibility and cost-effectiveness.
Stationary Sampler for Mixed Probe Sampling from Mobile Tank
Authors: Lyudvinitskaya A , Ayupov A , Artemeva E 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Oil pipeline section repair requires its emptying from any products. It is possible to pump out oil using different methods. After truck with vacuum pump is used it is needed to take sample from truck tank. We suggest using of stationary sampler in order to simplify operation and to reduce operational time and negative effects of oil vapors on maintenance personnel and in order to get mixed sample. Previous works about liquid flow with continuous change of flow value along the distance were studied. Storage tank sampler with perforated tube and valve was taken as prototype. We represented sampler with five orifices, all of them on same vertical axis. In paper equations system for sampler design calculations are shown with device set up scheme. Technical-economical calculation result shown in this paper. This device is possible to use in others fields of oil industry after modernization.
Hygienic Evaluation of the Quality of Drinking Water and Risks for Health of the Population
Authors: Valeeva E R , Ismagilova G A , Stepanova N V 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
According to WHO, approaches based on the assessment of health risks are promising and should be used to justify management decisions to ensure the safety of drinking water. A review of publications on risk assessment in Russia showed that the main part of the methodological issues is related to the uncertainties in the evaluation of exposure, the lack of regional, national and age differences in exposure factors and sensitivity to carcinogens. In the Republic of Tatarstan, research was conducted for the first time on the regional factors of the exposure of drinking water consumption for adolescents aged 15-17 and adults (18-21) years in Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan. We studied the content of 19 priority chemical pollutants, including three carcinogens, in the drinking water of Kazan for 2010-2016. The HI value for oral intake of chemicals with drinking water indicates a health hazard for the adolescent population living in zones 2 and 4 (HIm = 9.8 and 8.8, HI 95percent = 8.1 and 7.6), and adults (HIm = 7.4 and 7.8, HI 95percent = 6.8 and 6.5). The priority pollutants of drinking water in all zones that determine the main contribution (71.6% - 87.6%) are petroleum products (29.7% - 54.0%), chloroform, nitrates, magnesium, as a total amount of non-carcinogenic risk of adolescent and adult population and fluorides.
Formation Characteristics of the Zonal Structure of Acoustic Fields in the Deep Part of the Sea of Japan
Authors: Kiryanov A V , Salnikov B A , Salnikova E N 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The results of modeling the effects of stochastic levels of sound speed on formation of the zonal structure of acoustic fields for the hydrologic and acoustic environment of the deep part of the Sea of Japan. Numerical experiment involved calculation of the vertical structure of acoustic fields at the ranges from 20 to 120 km with discontinuity equal to 50 m in beam zooming for the set values of random component of sound speed field. In accordance with calculation, analytical correlations of changing coordinates of the closest and the furthest borderlines of the first three convergence zones at emitter depth depending on the level of random component of sound speed field were determined. Changes in borderlines of convergence zones occur in accordance with linear law; this said, the closest borderlines shift towards the emitter and the furthest borderlines – away from it. The obtained results of analyzing changes in structure of vertical distribution of acoustic field at the borderlines of convergence zones can be applied for engineering the systems of underwater monitoring for detection of local disruptions of acoustic velocity field of various nature against natural stochastic parameters of water environment in the deep part of the Sea of Japan.
Ways of Drilling Wastes Utilization Using Ecologically Safe Materials
Authors: Gaevaya E V , Tarasova S S , Zaharova E V 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Handling of the industrial waste, including drilling waste is still one of the leading fields in the ecology area. The article considers utilization way of the bore mud consisting in application of safe components allowing getting of the ground suitable for the reclamation of disturbed lands. There was revealed that the content of physical clay (d < 0,01 mm) in the control sample (bore mud) is 6,58%, when applying the mixture of components in the bore mud. The decrease of physical clay is observed in the ground of A type (2 times) and B and C types (3 times). In the same time, in the grounds of all types, hydrophysical properties improve and gelation takes place. Composition of the studied total forms of heavy metals was on the level of maximum allowable concentrations for loam. Manganese concentration in the control sample was in the range from 69 to 93 mg/kg. Water extract from the grounds of all types has very strong influence on the test objects (Daphnia magna Straus), class of hazard for the environment is IV.
Mud Pit Liquidation and Reclamation Technology on the Licensed Plots of Oil Producing Companies
Authors: Gaevaya E V , Tarasova S S , Zakharova E V 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Economic activity connected with the mastering of oil deposits has man-induced impact on the condition of environment. During the well drilling using materials and chemical reagents (drilling agents) with different degree of danger for the environment (III-IV class of hazard), drilling cuttings are lifted to the day surface (the bore mud, used drilling mud, drilling waste waters) with their following placement in the mud pits (temporary storage tanks, slurry reservoirs). Man-induced impact from the use of mud pits is expressed in the pollution of the atmosphere by the pollutants from the mud pit surface, pollution of the top-soil, surface and ground waters and negative influence on the animal and plant world of the territory. Mud pits liquidation and recultivation technology will allow decreasing of the man-induced influence on the environment.
Development of Commercial Electric Vehicles Platforms Adapted for the Use of Self-Driving Systems
Authors: Zeziulin D V , Tyugin D Yu , Tumasov A V , Dorofeev R A , Fadeev E A 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
One way to improve commercial vehicle safety and environmental protection is the application of modern technology, using electricity as a main power source. Electric vehicles have undeniable environmental advantages over cars with internal combustion engines. Scientific team of the NNSTU, with the support of engineers from the Joint GAZ Group Engineering Center and specialists from PJSC “GAZ”, is developing a line-up of electrical platforms for commercial vehicles with autonomous power sources. The article presents an analytical review of existing prototypes of electrical platforms. The authors performed an assessment of the possibilities of usage an auxiliary power plant based on fuel cells (including the membrane type) as part of the electrical platforms. In addition, the work touches upon the problem of using traditional energy sources for electric platforms - traction batteries, because the consumer appeal of electrical platforms largely depends on the batteries. The authors propose the configuration of the chassis for the platforms. The configuration provides wide opportunities for the integration of automated and unmanned traffic control systems in commercial vehicles. The article presents a prototype of the electric platform, equipped with the developed systems of automated traffic control. In conclusion, the results of experimental studies, based on the running tests, are given.
The Ecological State of the Soil Continuum of Urbanized Territories
Authors: Oznobihina A O , Gayevaya E V 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The intense urbanization process has conditioned a significant number of ecological problems connected with a rapid deterioration of the quality of urban environment. All that calls for indication and an unbiased assessment of its current state. The distribution of heavy metals in the town’s soils was in the following descending order: lead > zinc > nickel > copper > cadmium > mercury > arsenic. Largest values of contaminating substances were determined in the territories adjacent to motorways. The maximum value of oil products content in soils of the researched areas was determined on a motorway section and was 280.9 mg/kg which corresponds to an “acceptable” level. Researched soils had no express acute toxicity which is indicative of acceptable ecotoxicological state of the town’s soils.
Mechanical Activation of Hydrocarbon Motor Fuels
Authors: Vorobyov Yu , Mishchenko S , Zavrazhin D 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Solving the problems of energy saving and reducing the load on the environment during the operation of internal combustion engines develops in different directions. One of the ways to reduce fuel consumption and reduce the amount of harmful emissions can be the use of an activator of liquid hydrocarbon fuel. Activator of motor hydrocarbon fuel (gasoline, diesel fuel, aviation kerosene, fuel oil) carries out processing of fuel, changing its composition and performance properties and is a highly efficient mechanical device. As a result of the action of the activator, the composition and properties of the hydrocarbon fuel change, the content of heavy fractions decreases, lighter and branched molecules appear, the sulfur and tar content decrease, and fuel consumption decreases. The decrease in the content of harmful emissions of CO, CH, CO2 in exhaust gases was experimentally established. Activated (structured) motor fuel, in addition to these advantages, increases the life of the engine by improving the organization of the working process in the engine cylinders, provides easier start-up at low temperatures and approaches the requirements of the Euro-5 certificate, regardless of the initial quality. This development provides solution of actual problems of energy saving and reduction of environmental pollution during operation of internal combustion engines.
Assessment of the Impact of Oil and Heavy Metal Pollution in the Azov Sea on the Condition of the Neogobius Melanostomus (Pallas, 1814)
Authors: Mazygula E , Kharlamova M , Skuratovskaya E 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
This article presents the results of long-term monitoring of the oil pollution in the Azov Sea. Areas with long-term chronic pollution (Arabat and Kazantip bays) are identified. The Azov sea transport routes and the location of natural gas fields can be the reason of the oil pollution. In addition to chronic oil pollution, this area is contaminated with heavy metals in particular in bottom sediments. The biological indicator was chosen for a more accurate analysis - the condition of the bottom-dwelling fish Round goby (Neogobius melanostomus (Pallas, 1814). Comparison of the size-mass characteristics, biochemical indicators and morphophysiological parameters of Neogobius melanostomus in different years has shown a decrease in the quality of habitat conditions. This decrease may occur due to contamination of the territory with oil products and heavy metals.
The Task of Definition of Nonconformity of the Emergency Response plan Level for the Emergency Level
Authors: Kulakov P A , Bogdanova D D , Afanasenko V G 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
An analysis of accidents at oil and gas processing facilities was carried out. It is shown that one of the main organizational reasons for emergencies is a poor-quality control over compliance with the industrial safety requirements. An assessment of the accident level compliance at the level of operating personnel and emergency formations was carried out. To improve the effectiveness of personnel, a mathematical method is proposed for processing the actions under the emergency response assistance plan and their automatic categorization at levels “A” and “B”. The mathematical model of the emergency response assistance plan categorization was obtained by evaluating the informativeness of the parameters using the Kullback’s measure. The developed model of an automatic categorization made it possible to identify a situation in which the actions of the personnel were at one level, and the emergency response assistance plan was of a lower level. Conclusions are drawn on the need to review the level of the emergency response assistance plan. To verify the efficiency of the model, a calculation for an additional group of emergency response assistance plans was carried out. Conclusions are drawn about the application possibility of this model in determining the level of an emergency situation.
Porous Resorcinol-Formaldehyde Resins (RFR) as Sorbents for Radiocesium Removal
Authors: Egorin A M , Tutov M V , Sokolnitskaia T A 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Porous resorcinol-formaldehyde resins were fabricated by leaching an inorganic filler introduced earlier into the polymer and by polymerization of the emulsion dispersed medium. The sorption properties of the fabricated materials with respect to the micro-quantities of 137Cs were investigated under dynamic conditions at high feeding rates of a model highly mineralized alkaline solution. It has been shown that the fabricated ion exchangers are characterized with high decontamination factors in comparison with the initial nonporous resin.