bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) cross talk and language in ceRNA regulatory networks: A new look at hallmarks of breast cancer
Authors: Abdollahzadeh Rasoul , Daraei Abdolreza , Mansoori Yaser , Sepahvand Masoumeh , Amoli Mahsa M. , Tavakkoly‐Bazzaz Javad 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBreast cancer (BC) is the most frequently occurring malignancy in women worldwide. Despite the substantial advancement in understanding the molecular mechanisms and management of BC, it remains the leading cause of cancer death in women. One of the main reasons for this obstacle is that we have not been able to find the Achilles heel for the BC as a highly heterogeneous disease. Accumulating evidence has revealed that noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), play key roles in the development of BC; however, the involving of complex regulatory interactions between the different varieties of ncRNAs in the development of this cancer has been poorly understood. In the recent years, the newly discovered mechanism in the RNA world is “competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA)” which proposes regulatory dialogues between different RNAs, including long ncRNAs (lncRNAs), microRNAs (miRNAs), transcribed pseudogenes, and circular RNAs (circRNAs). In the latest BC research, various studies have revealed that dysregulation of several ceRNA networks (ceRNETs) between these ncRNAs has fundamental roles in establishing the hallmarks of BC development. And it is thought that such a discovery could open a new window for a better understanding of the hidden aspects of breast tumors. Besides, it probably can provide new biomarkers and potential efficient therapeutic targets for BC. This review will discuss the existing body of knowledge regarding the key functions of ceRNETs and then highlights the emerging roles of some recently discovered ceRNETs in several hallmarks of BC. Moreover, we propose for the first time the “ceRnome” as a new term in the present article for RNA research.
Long noncoding RNA GACAT3 promotes glioma progression by sponging miR‐135a
Authors: Wang Jing , Zhang Ming , Lu Weifeng 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) gastric cancer associated transcript 3 (GACAT3) has been reported to play important roles in human tumorigenesis. However, its expression pattern, functions, and underlying mechanism in glioma remain unclear. In the present study, we showed that GACAT3 is upregulated in glioma tissues and cell lines. Through online databases, luciferase reporter assays and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assays, we determined that GACAT3 acts as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) for microRNA (miR)‐135a, which was downregulated and performed as a tumor inhibitor in glioma. Further, nicotinamide phosphoribosyl transferase (NAMPT) was confirmed as a target gene of miR‐135a by a series of gain‐ and loss‐of‐function assays. Overall, the present study was the first to show that GACAT3 regulates the expression of NAMPT to promote glioma progression by sponging miR‐135a. These findings provide a promising therapy strategy for glioma.
The clinical impact of exosomes in cardiovascular disorders: From basic science to clinical application
Authors: Ghafarian Farzaneh , Pashirzad Mehran , Khazaei Majid , Rezayi Majid , Hassanian Seyed Mahdi , Ferns Gordon A , Avan Amir 
Published: December 2018

AbstractCardiovascular disease (CVD) is the major cause of death globally; therefore, there is a need for the identification of a valid biomarker that accurately predicts the risk of developing CVD, and novel therapeutic approaches for its treatment. Exosomes are very small extracellular vesicles containing protein, lipid, transcription factors, messenger RNAs, noncoding RNA, and nucleic acid contents that are important players in intercellular communication, and that act via long‐range signals or cell‐to‐cell contact. The discovery of exosomes provides potential strategies for the diagnosis and treatment of CVD. In the current review, we have explored the potential impact of exosomes on cardiovascular physiology, and their therapeutic potential in cardiovascular disorders with an emphasis on the existing preclinical studies.
Curcumin as a therapeutic candidate for multiple sclerosis: Molecular mechanisms and targets
Authors: Ghanaatian Negar , Lashgari Naser‐Aldin , Abdolghaffari Amir Hossein , Rajaee Seyed M. , Panahi Yunes , Barreto George E. , Butler Alexandra E. , Sahebkar Amirhossein 
Published: December 2018

AbstractMultiple sclerosis (MS) is a disease that has shown a considerable increase in prevalence in recent centuries. Current knowledge about its etiology is incomplete, and therefore it cannot be managed optimally utilizing targeted therapeutic regimens at each stage of the disease. MS progresses in different stages, beginning with a cascade of inflammation. The pivotal spark to initiate this cascade seems to be the migration of Th17 into the central nervous system across the blood–brain barrier (BBB) through the disrupted tight junctions. Coupling of interleukin (IL)‐17 and IL‐22 to their receptors in the BBB layer facilitates this migration. Subsequently, axon degeneration and the various manifestations of nerve–muscle disorders appear. Curcumin, a major component of turmeric, is derived from Curcuma longa, which belongs to the Zingiberaceae family. Numerous properties of curcumin have been identified recently, some of which can be effective in the treatment of MS, particularly the anti‐inflammatory properties via inhibition of secretion of proinflammatory cytokines. In this paper, we will review the various properties and key effects of curcumin for the treatment of MS.
An in vitro assessment for evaluating the efficiency of β‐d‐mannuronic acid (M2000) in myelodysplastic syndrome
Authors: Bakhtiari Tahereh , Ghaderi Afshin , Safaee Nodehi Sayyed Reza , Aghazadeh Zahra , Tofighi Zavareh Farzaneh , Jafarnezhad‐Ansariha Fahimeh , Barati Anis , Mirshafiey Abbas 
Published: December 2018

Abstractβ‐d‐Mannuronic acid (M2000), a novel non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drug (NSAID) with immunosuppressive properties, has been previously shown to exhibit potential therapeutic effects on autoimmune diseases. Immunosuppression therapy has been a standard approach for myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) for many years. We evaluated the effect of M2000 on isolated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from patients with MDS. The PBMCs were isolated from 13 patients with MDS and 13 normal donors. The cells were then treated with low, moderate, and high doses of M2000 and diclofenac as a control group. The level of interleukin (IL)‐6, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF‐α), IL‐3, granulocyte colony‐stimulating factor (G‐CSF) gene expression and the serum level of IL‐6 and TNF‐α production were evaluated by real‐time polymerase chain reaction and enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay methods, respectively. Our findings indicated a significant reduction in the production of IL‐6 and TNF‐α as inflammatory cytokines. Furthermore, the level of G‐CSF gene expression was significantly increased. In conclusion, M2000, a newly designed NSAID, has a remarkable effect on isolated PBMC in patients with MDS, which might bring a potential hope for its oral administrations in these patients.
microRNA‐16‐5p enhances radiosensitivity through modulating Cyclin D1/E1–pRb–E2F1 pathway in prostate cancer cells
Authors: Wang Fang , Mao Aihong , Tang Jinzhou , Zhang Qianjing , Yan Junfang , Wang Yupei , Di Cuixia , Gan Lu , Sun Chao , Zhang Hong 
Published: December 2018

AbstractProstate cancer (CaP) is the second most common cancer in men worldwide in 2012, and radiation therapy is one of the most common definitive treatment options for localized CaP. However, radioresistance is a major challenge for the current radiotherapy, accumulating evidences suggest microRNAs (miRNAs), as an important regulator in cellular ionizing radiation (IR) responses, are closely correlated with radiosensitivity in many cancers. Here, we identified microRNA‐16‐5p(miR‐16‐5p) is significantly upregulated in CaP LNCaP cells following IR and can enhance radiosensitivity through modulating Cyclin D1/E1–pRb–E2F1 pathway. To identify the expression profile of miRNAs in CaP cells exposed to IR, we performed human miRNA probe hybridization chip analysis and miR‐16‐5p was found to be significantly overexpressed in all treatment groups that irradiated with different doses of X‐rays and heavy ions (12C6+). Furthermore, overexpression of miR‐16‐5p suppressed cell proliferation, reduced cell viability, and induced cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase, resulting in enhanced radiosensitivity in LNCaP cells. Additionally, miR‐16‐5p specifically targeted the Cyclin D1/E1–3′‐UTR in LNCaP cells and affected the expression of Cyclin D1/E1 in both mRNA and protein levels. Taken together, miR‐16‐5p enhanced radiosensitivity of CaP cells, the mechanism may be through modulating Cyclin D1/Cyclin E1/pRb/E2F1 pathway to cause cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase. These findings provided new insight into the correlation between miR‐16‐5p, cell cycle arrest, and radiosensitivity in CaP, revealed a previously unrecognized function of miR‐16‐5p–Cyclin D1/E1–pRb–E2F1 regulation in response to IR and may offer an alternative therapy to improve the efficiency of conventional radiotherapy.
Opioid receptors and opioid peptides in the cardiomyogenesis of mouse embryonic stem cells
Authors: Šínová Romana , Kudová Jana , Nešporová Kristina , Karel Sergej , Šuláková Romana , Velebný Vladimír , Kubala Lukáš 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe stimulation of myocardium repair is restricted due to the limited understanding of heart regeneration. Interestingly, endogenous opioid peptides such as dynorphins and enkephalins are suggested to support this process. However, the mechanism—whether through the stimulation of the regenerative capacity of cardiac stem cells or through effects on other cell types in the heart—is still not completely understood. Thus, a model of the spontaneous cardiomyogenic differentiation of mouse embryonic stem (mES) cells via the formation of embryoid bodies was used to describe changes in the expression and localization of opioid receptors within cells during the differentiation process and the potential of the selected opioid peptides, dynorphin A and B, and methionin‐enkephalins and leucin‐enkephalins, to modulate cardiomyogenic differentiation in vitro. The expressions of both κ‐ and δ‐opioid receptors significantly increased during mES cell differentiation. Moreover, their primary colocalization with the nucleus was followed by their growing presence on the cytoplasmic membrane with increasing mES cell differentiation status. Interestingly, dynorphin B enhanced the downregulation gene expression of Oct4 characteristic of the pluripotent phenotype. Further, dynorphin B also increased cardiomyocyte‐specific Nkx2.5 gene expression. However, neither dynorphin A nor methionin‐enkephalins and leucin‐enkephalins exhibited any significant effects on the course of mES cell differentiation. In conclusion, despite the increased expression of opioid receptors and some enhancement of mES cell differentiation by dynorphin B, the overall data do not support the notion that opioid peptides have a significant potential to promote the spontaneous cardiomyogenesis of mES cells in vitro.
Complement factor and T-cell interactions during alloimmune inflammation in transplantation
Authors: Khan Mohammad Afzal , Shamma Talal 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Complement factor and T-cell signaling during an effective alloimmune response plays a key role in transplant-associated injury, which leads to the progression of chronic rejection (CR). During an alloimmune response, activated complement factors (C3a and C5a) bind to their corresponding receptors (C3aR and C5aR) on a number of lymphocytes, including T-regulatory cells (Tregs), and these cell-molecular interactions have been vital to modulate an effective immune response to/from Th1-effector cell and Treg activities, which result in massive inflammation, microvascular impairments, and fibrotic remodeling. Involvement of the complement-mediated cell signaling during transplantation signifies a crucial role of complement components as a key therapeutic switch to regulate ongoing inflammatory state, and further to avoid the progression of CR of the transplanted organ. This review highlights the role of complement-T cell interactions, and how these interactions shunt the effector immune response during alloimmune inflammation in transplantation, which could be a novel therapeutic tool to protect a transplanted organ and avoid progression of CR.
Preparation and partial characterization of films made with dual‐modified (acetylation and crosslinking) potato starch
Authors: González‐Soto Rosalía A , Núñez‐Santiago María C , Bello‐Pérez Luis A 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBackgroundStarch is an alternative material for the production of biodegradable plastics; however, native starches have drawbacks due to their hydrophilic nature. Chemical modifications such as acetylation and crosslinking are used to broaden the potential end‐uses of starch. Dual modification of starches increases their functionality compared to that of starches with similar single modifications. In this study, a dual‐modified potato starch (acetylated and crosslinked) was used to produce films by casting.ResultsChanges in the arrangement of the amylopectin double helices of dual‐modified starch were evident from X‐ray diffraction patterns, pasting profiles and thermal properties. The degree of substitution for acetyl groups was low (0.058 ± 0.006) because crosslinking dominated acetylation. Modified starch film had higher elongation percentage (82.81%) than its native counterpart (57.4%), but lower tensile strength (3.51 MPa for native and 2.17 MPa for dual‐modified) and lower crystallinity in fresh and stored films. The sorption isotherms indicated that the dual modification decreased the number of reactive sites for binding water, resulting in a reduction in the monolayer value and a decrease in the solubility and water vapor permeability.ConclusionsDual modification of starch may be a feasible option for improving the properties of biodegradable starch films. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Draft genome sequence of Candida versatilis and osmotolerance analysis in soy sauce fermentation
Authors: Ruan Luchen , Meng Meng , Wang Cong , Hou Lihua 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe salt‐tolerant yeast strain Candida versatilis is usually added to high‐salt, liquid‐state soy sauce fermentation. The genome of C. versatilis was sequenced in our previous study but the reason for its high‐osmolarity ability was not clear.RESULTSThe 9.7 Mbp genome of C. versatilis contained 4711 CDS. Candida versatilis was the closest to another yeast, Zygosaccharomyces rouxii, added to soy sauce fermentation. The protein sequence of the whole genome was divided into 4338 groups, accounting for 92.1% of all the predicted protein of C. versatilis using OrthoMCL. Mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) signal pathways, including high osmolarity and cell integrity, were predicted and proved by investigating the expression changes of the key genes CvHOG1, CvGPD1, and CvFPS1 in a high osmotic environment and by testing the variations of intracellular glycerol and extracellular glycerol.CONCLUSIONCandida versatilis exhibited strong osmotolerance because it could synthesize intracellular glycerol and absorb glycerol from the environment cooperated with the shut down of glycerol efflux channel in membrane. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Liver Stiffness Measured by 2‐Dimensional Shear Wave Elastography: Prospective Evaluation of Healthy Volunteers and Patients With Liver Cirrhosis
Authors: Petzold Golo , Hofer Johannes , Ellenrieder Volker , Neesse Albrecht , Kunsch Steffen 
Published: December 2018

ObjectivesWe aimed to establish normal values for liver stiffness measurement, performed by 2‐dimensional shear wave elastography (LOGIQ E9; GE Healthcare, Wauwatosa, WI), in healthy volunteers, patients with nonhepatic morbidities, and patients with histologically confirmed liver cirrhosis.MethodsA total of 175 participants were included between July 2016 and February 2018. Three cohorts were analyzed: healthy volunteers (n = 68), patients with healthy livers but nonhepatic morbidities (n = 57), and patients with liver cirrhosis (n = 50). Liver stiffness measurement was performed by 2 observers with different levels of experience to determine interobserver agreement.ResultsOf the 175 participants included, 91 were male, and the mean age ± SD was 44.4 ± 19.4 years. The success rate for 175 liver stiffness measurements was 95.4%. The number of unsuccessful measurements was significantly higher in the liver cirrhosis cohort (P = .04). The interobserver agreement was excellent (intraclass correlation coefficient, 0.87). Liver stiffness in the healthy‐liver patient cohort (4.93 ± 0.83 kPa) was not significantly different from that in the healthy‐volunteer cohort (5.19 ± 1.03 kPa; P = .13). Apart from male sex in the healthy‐volunteer cohort, age, body mass index, mild steatosis, and nonhepatic morbidities had no significant impact on liver stiffness. Liver stiffness values in participants without liver disease (healthy volunteers and healthy‐liver patients; n = 125) ranged from 3.62 to 7.02 kPa (2.5th–97.5th percentiles). Notably, there was no overlap of liver stiffness measurements between the patients without liver disease and the cirrhosis cohort (13.29 ± 3.27 kPa [7.76–19.49 kPa]).ConclusionsLiver stiffness values in healthy individuals vary widely and are not dependent on age, body mass index, or specific nonhepatic comorbidities. Liver stiffness values within the normal range can noninvasively rule out cirrhosis, as liver stiffness is significantly higher in cirrhotic patients (P < .001). Two‐dimensional shear wave elastography has excellent interobserver agreement.
Preparation and tribological properties of chemically decorated MoS2 nanosheets with oleic diethanolamide
Authors: Wu Pei‐Rong , Li Wei , Ge Ting , Feng Yu‐Mei , Liu Zan , Cheng Zhi‐Lin 
Published: December 2018

AbstractIn this paper, we attempted to modify the self‐made two‐dimensional MoS2 nanosheets by oleic diethanolamide (OD) with a simple one‐step route to obtain OD‐MoS2. The OD‐MoS2 nanosheets were confirmed by a series of characterizations. The results showed that the MoS2 nanosheets could be chemically covered with OD molecules to form CS bond, so as to distinctly improve the dispersibility and stability of OD‐MoS2 nanosheets in base oil. Furthermore, the tribological properties of OD‐MoS2 nanosheets in base oil were comprehensively studied by four‐ball tester. In detail, the average friction coefficient and average wear scar diameter of 0.08 wt.% OD‐MoS2‐based oil were decreased by about 36.8% and 15.4% as compared with base oil, respectively, while its extreme pressure performance also was increased by about 15.2%. The results showed that OD‐MoS2 nanosheets exhibited the better tribological properties in oil because of the solved dispersibility.
Enhanced Molecular Alignment in Poly‐l‐Lactic Acid Nanotubes Induced via Melt‐Press Template‐Wetting
Authors: Smith Michael , Lindackers Cathrin , McCarthy Kevin , Kar‐Narayan Sohini 
Published: December 2018

AbstractMolecular ordering in polymers can have a drastic effect on their properties and can be used to induce or enhance functionality. In the case of poly‐l‐lactic acid (PLLA), which is a widely used polymer in biomedicine, sensors, and actuators, preferential orientation of chains can lead to significantly enhanced electromechanical properties. In this context, template‐wetting is a straightforward method of producing polymer nanostructures, which can lead to some degree of molecular order in the polymer. Template‐wetting of PLLA has not been fully explored, especially in terms of morphological and/or structural characterization. In this work, PLLA nanotubes are grown via a modification of the template‐wetting process, referred to here as melt‐press template‐wetting. The nanotubes are thoroughly characterized with wide‐angle X‐ray diffraction, isothermal differential scanning calorimetry, and polarized light optical microscopy. This characterization indicates that the polymer chains in these PLLA nanotubes are aligned parallel to the cylindrical axis of the nanotube, which may be beneficial in certain applications.
Effect of heat treatment on microstructure and property of high vanadium wear‐resistant alloy
Authors: Hui L. , Han‐Guang F. , Jiang J. , Jun W. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractIn order to improve the properties of high vanadium wear‐resistant alloy and obtain the optimal process parameters, the effect of heat treatment on the microstructure and properties of high vanadium wear‐resistant alloy was studied by means of optical microscope, the scanning electron microscope, X‐ray diffraction, energy dispersive spectrometer, Rockwell and Vickers hardness tester. The results show that the microstructure of as‐cast high vanadium wear‐resistant alloy was composed of matrix and eutectic structure. The matrix was mainly composed of martensite and retained austenite, and the eutectics mainly included M7C3 and VC type carbide. After quenching, the matrix structure of the alloy remains martensite and retained austenite. M23C6 type carbide was precipitated while quenching at 1100 °C. The type of eutectic structure has no obvious change after tempering. Tempering has great influence on the amount of retained austenite in the matrix. The hardness of the alloy is the highest (about 69.1 HRC) when the quenching temperature and tempering temperature are 1000 °C and 550 °C respectively.
Effect of martensite transformation on chemical composition, semiconductor property and corrosion resistance of passive film on SAE 304 stainless steel
Authors: He S.L. , Liu Y. , Jiang D.M. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe chemical composition, semiconductor property and corrosion resistance of passive films on cold‐worked 304 stainless steel containing varying amounts of martensite (0 %, 0.6 %, 6 %, 12 % and 20 %) are investigated using X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Mott‐Schottky analyses and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The results indicate that after cold rolling, the microstructure in the sample transforms from single austenite into compound of martensite and original austenite. For the martensite content of 6 %, the passive film formed on the sample contains the least amount of oxide and shows the highest acceptor and donor densities; according to the inverse relationship between corrosion resistance and both acceptor and donor density, these results indicate that the passive film shows the poorest corrosion resistance among all the samples measured. When the content of martensite decrease below 6 %, the acceptor and donor densities for the passive film increase with increasing martensite content; however, for samples with the martensite content higher than 6 %, the acceptor and donor densities decrease with increasing martensite content. The oxide content and corrosion resistance show the opposite behavior with increasing martensite content: the monotonic decrease for martensite content lower than 6 % and gradual increase when the martensite content exceeds 6 %.