bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Understanding the performance of a paper‐based UV exposure sensor: The photodegradation mechanism of brilliant blue FCF in the presence of TiO2 photocatalysts in both the solid state and solution
Authors: Khiabani Parisa S. , Soeriyadi Alexander H. , Nam Ekaterina V. , Peterson Joshua R. , Webb James E.A. , Thordarson Pall , Donald William A. , Gooding J. Justin 
Published: March 2019

RationaleThe decolouration of brilliant blue FCF by the action of titanium dioxide (TiO2) under ultraviolet (UV) exposure has been recently reported as the basis of a paper‐based sensor for monitoring UV sun exposure. The mechanism of brilliant blue FCF photodegradation in the presence of the photocatalyst and the resulting photoproducts are thus far unknown.MethodsThe UV‐initiated photodegradation of brilliant blue FCF in the presence of TiO2 for both the aqueous and the solid state was investigated. Degradation in the solid state was observed using matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (MALDI‐MS). Decomposition of the dye in the aqueous state was analyzed using liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS) and ultraviolet–visible (UV–Vis) spectroscopy.ResultsAfter UV radiation exposure, the brilliant blue FCF base peak [M1 + NH4]+ (m/z calc. 766.194 found 766.194) decreased in the LC/MS chromatogram with a concomitant appearance of BB‐FCF decomposition products involving the sequential loss of the N‐ethyl and N‐methylbenzene sulfonate (MBSA) groups, assigned as [M2 + H]+ (‐MBSA, calc. 579.163 found 579.162), [M3 + H]+ (‐MBSA, −Et, calc. 551.131 found 551.131), [M4 + H]+ (‐2MBSA, calc. 409.158 found 409.158), [M5 + H]+ (‐2MBSA, −Et, calc. 381.127 found 381.127). Ions [M2 + H]+ and [M3 + H]+ were also identified in the photodegradation products using MALDI‐MS. Observation by UV–Vis indicated a decrease in the solution absorbance maxima and an associated blue‐shift upon UV exposure in solution.ConclusionsThe LC/MS analysis indicated two main oxidation processes. The most obvious was attack of the N‐methylene, eliminating either ethyl or MBSA groups. The presence of the hydroxylated decomposition product M13 ([M13 + H]+, calc. 595.157 found 595.157) supported this assignment. In addition, the detection of photoproduct M8, proposed to be 3‐((ethylamino)methyl)benzenesulfonic acid ([M8 + H]+, calc. 216.069 found 216.069), indicates an aryl‐oxidative elimination. The absence of the aryl‐hydroxy products normally expected to accompany the formation of M8 is proposed to be due to TiO2‐binding catechol‐like derivatives, which are then removed upon filtration.
Development and preliminary evaluation of an autonomous surgical system for oral and maxillofacial surgery
Authors: Ma Qingchuan , Kobayashi Etsuko , Wang Junchen , Hara Kazuaki , Suenaga Hideyuki , Sakuma Ichiro , Masamune Ken 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBackgroundHuman‐related factors affect the accuracy and safety of the oral and maxillofacial surgery (OMS). This study proposed an autonomous surgical system aiming to conduct the OMS under the assistance and surveillance of the surgeon.MethodsA markerless navigation module and a compact OMS robot were seamlessly integrated into this system. The specifications of each module and the working concept of the system were elaborated in this paper. A drilling experiment was conducted on five 3D‐printed mandible models to test the pose detecting capability and evaluate the operational performance.ResultsThe experiment showed that this system could successfully guide the robot finishing the operation regardless of the mandible pose. The accuracy of software and hardware are acceptable and potential performance improvement can be achieved in positioning accuracy.ConclusionThis system proposed a novel concept and a practical solution to decrease the human‐related factors on the OMS, which may change the role of the surgeon in the future operating room and finally benefit the outcomes of OMS.
Cambrian rhynchonelliform nisusioid brachiopods: phylogeny and distribution
Authors: Holmer Lars E. , Kebria‐ee Zadeh Mohammad‐Reza , Popov Leonid E. , Ghobadi Pour Mansoureh , Álvaro J. Javier , Hairapetian Vachik , Zhang Zhifei 
Published: March 2019

AbstractA comprehensive review and phylogenetic analysis of genera and species presently assigned to the rhynchonelliform superfamily Nisusioidea and family Nisusiidae suggests that this short‐lived but important group of brachiopods first appeared in peri‐Gondwana during the second half of the Cambrian Series 2, before going extinct by the end of Drumian times. Nisusiides achieved their maximum morphological disparity and geographical distribution during the Wuliuan Age, and Laurentia was probably the major centre of their dispersal. A new phylogenetic analysis suggests an early separation of the lineages of spinose and non‐spinose nisusiids. The non‐spinose nisusiids probably evolved in Laurentia by the end of Cambrian Series 4. The new nisusiid genus Bellistrophia is described. The new species Nisusia multicostata represents the first documented rhynchonelliform (kutorginide) brachiopod from the Miaolingian (Drumian) of the Alborz Mountains, Iran.
Comprehensive nonlinear seismic performance assessment of MR damper controlled systems using virtual real‐time hybrid simulation
Authors: Ghaffary Azin , Karami Mohammadi Reza 
Published: March 2019

SummaryMagnetorheological (MR) dampers have gained significant attention in seismic mitigation of structural systems due to their distinguished characteristics such as inherent stability and minimum power requirements. Their performance in control of nonlinear structural response, however, has not been widely investigated. This paper provides comprehensive nonlinear seismic performance assessment of a three‐story benchmark structure equipped with a large‐scale MR damper using virtual real‐time hybrid simulation to efficiently capture the nonlinear behavior of the damper. The framework is first verified by means of available experimental results of an actual RTHS on the same structural system. A set of 12 earthquake ground motions, each one scaled to have 12 different intensities are then utilized to perform nonlinear dynamic analyses. An energy‐based adaptive passive‐on control strategy is proposed, and its performance is compared with passive‐on, passive‐off, and uncontrolled response of the structure in terms of interstory drifts shown by fragility curves, residual drifts, MR damper control force, and the ability to maintain a uniform interstory drift along the height of the structure.
Traditional Japanese kampo medicine – History of ideas and practice; Part 1: From ancient shamanic practice to the medical academies of Edo
Authors: Kuchta Kenny 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACTBackground‘Kampo’ is an academic medical tradition that originated from the import of Chinese medical literature and the immigration of trained physicians from China and Korea to Japan between the sixth and 10th centuries AD. Understanding these roots and the subsequent historical development can contribute greatly to a better understanding of kampo today.Historical developmentAlthough initially developed from continental roots, the Japanese traditions underwent an independent development as kampo practitioners developed their own repertoire of pharmaceutical raw materials by integrating plant drugs from native folk medicine. Innovative independent developments by Japanese physicians over the course of the centuries resulted in an ever increasing emancipation of kampo from China. A second wave of Chinese influence in the 13th century resulted in the development of Gosei School Kampo, which has the closest ties to the continent. During the 16th century, the development of eclectic Secchu School Kampo was additionally influenced by European phytotherapy via Portuguese and Dutch contacts. These Europeans provided a reference point (tertium comparationis) that gave Japan a new perspective on Chinese medical practices for the first time. China – although greatly admired – was no longer perceived as the singular ideal civilization but as one civilization among several others. Thus the development of independent Japanese practices in culture and medicine became conceivable for the first time.ConclusionThe historical developments that have led from these early roots to present day kampo practice are essential for developing a concise understanding of kampo ideas and practice.
Adsorption of different forms of phosphorus on modified corn bracts
Authors: Jiang Yongwei , Chen Yue , Du Qiong , Shi Jing 
Published: March 2019

AbstractExcessive phosphorus discharged into the environment could result in the eutrophication, leading to water pollution. Hence, the efficient method for phosphorus removal is urgently in need. In this paper, an agricultural by‐product, corn bract, modified by Zr was proposed to remove different forms of phosphorus. A comparison study about the adsorption performance of organic phosphorus (OP) and inorganic phosphorus (IP) was investigated. The results indicated that both the OP and IP reached the maximum adsorption amounts when the initial pH was 2. Compared with IP adsorption, the adsorbent showed higher adsorption rate but lower adsorption capacity for OP. The complexation and the electrostatic attraction were possibly the main adsorption mechanisms.Practitioner points

The agricultural waste, corn bract, was proposed to remove phosphorus.

The adsorption performances of OP and IP were compared.

The adsorbent showed higher adsorption rate but lower adsorption capacity for OP.
Transient responses in a two‐temperature thermoelastic infinite medium having cylindrical cavity due to moving heat source with memory‐dependent derivative
Authors: Sarkar Nantu , Mondal Sudip 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThis work deals with the study of transient responses in a two‐temperature generalized thermoelastic infinite medium having a cylindrical cavity due to a time‐dependent moving heat source where the conventional Fourier's law of heat conduction is modified by introducing a new Taylor's series expansion using memory‐dependent derivative (MDD). The resulting non‐dimensional equations are applied to a specific problem. A direct approach is introduced to obtain the analytical expressions of the physical quantities in the Laplace transform domain. The inversion of the Laplace transforms are carried out using the methods based on the Fourier series expansion technique. Numerical results for the dynamical and conductive temperatures, stress, strain, and displacement are presented graphically. The effects of time‐delay and kernel function have been studied on the thermo‐physical quantities.
The Bremsstrahlung function of $$ \mathcal{N} $$ = 2 SCQCD
Authors: Gomez Carolina , Mauri Andrea , Penati Silvia 
Published: March 2019

AbstractFor SU(N) superconformal QCD we perform a three-loop calculation of the cusp anomalous dimension for a generalized Maldacena-Wilson operator, using HQET formalism. We obtain an expression that is valid at generic geometric and internal angles and finite gauge group rankN. For equal and opposite angles this expression vanishes, proving that at these points the cusp becomes BPS. From its small angle expansion we derive the corresponding Bremsstrahlung function at three loops, matching the matrix model prediction given in terms of derivatives of the Wilson loop on the ellipsoid. Finally, we discuss possible scenarios at higher loops, with respect to the existence of a universal effective coupling in an integrable subsector of the model.
A tale of exceptional 3d dualities
Authors: Benvenuti Sergio 
Published: March 2019

Abstract

We consider interesting Seiberg dualities for Usp gauge theories with an antisymmetric, 8 fundamentals and no superpotential. We reduce to three dimensions and systematically analyze deformations triggered by real and complex masses, reaching a plethora of

$$ \mathcal{N} $$

N

= 2 dualities for U(N) and Usp(2N) gauge theories, possibly with monopole superpotentials and Chern-Simons interactions. Special cases of these “exceptional dualities” are: supersymmetry enhancement dualities, “duality appetizers” and many known dualities relating rank-1 gauge groups. The 4d

$$ \mathcal{N} $$

N

= 1 Usp dualities provide a unified perspective on many curious phenomena of 3d and 4d gauge theories with four supercharges.
Finally, we propose a free mirror for A
2N
Argyres-Douglas, with its related adjoint-Usp(2N) duality, and we construct a mirror for adjoint-U(N), with an arbitrary number flavors and zero superpotential.
Primary Tumor Resection in Patients with Incurable Localized or Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta‐analysis
Authors: Simillis Constantinos , Kalakouti Eliana , Afxentiou Thalia , Kontovounisios Christos , Smith Jason J. , Cunningham David , Adamina Michel , Tekkis Paris P. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBackgroundTo assess the impact of primary tumor resection (PTR) on survival and morbidity in incurable colorectal cancer.MethodsSystematic literature review and meta‐analysis to compare PTR versus primary tumor intact (PTI).ResultsSeventy‐seven studies were included, reporting on 159,991 participants (94,745 PTR; 65,246 PTI). PTR improved overall survival (hazard ratio [HR] 0.59, P < 0.0001; mean difference [MD] 7.27 months, P < 0.0001), cancer‐specific survival (HR 0.47, MD 10.80), and progression‐free survival (HR 0.76, MD 1.67). Overall survival remained significantly improved during subgroup analysis of asymptomatic patients (HR 0.69, MD 3.86), elderly patients (HR 0.46, MD 7.71), patients diagnosed after 2000 (HR 0.62, MD 7.29), patients with colon (HR 0.58, MD 6.31) or rectal (HR 0.54, MD 6.88) primary tumor, patients undergoing resection of primary tumor versus non‐resectional surgery (NRS) to treat primary tumor complications (HR 0.56, MD 8.72), and of studies with propensity score analysis (HR 0.65, MD 5.68). Overall survival per treatment strategy was: [PTI/chemotherapy] 14.30 months, [PTI/bevacizumab] 17.27 months, [PTR/chemotherapy] 21.52 months, [PTR/bevacizumab] 27.52 months. PTR resulted in 4.5% perioperative mortality and 22.4% morbidity (major adverse events 10.2%, minor 18.5%, reoperation 2.5%, intraabdominal collection/sepsis 2.2%). PTI had 21.7% morbidity (obstruction 14.4%, anemia 11.0%, hemorrhage 1.5%, perforation 0.6%, adverse events requiring surgery 15.8%). NRS resulted in 10.6% perioperative mortality and 21.7% morbidity (major 7.9%, minor 21.7%, reoperation 0.1%).ConclusionsPTR in patients with incurable colorectal cancer results in a limited improvement of survival without a significant increase in morbidity. PTR should be considered by the multidisciplinary team on an individual patient basis.
Evolution of Microstructure During Double-Sided Friction Stir Welding of Microalloyed Steel
Authors: Baker T. N. , Rahimi S. , Wei B. , He K. , McPherson N. A. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractMicrostructures observed by analytical scanning and transmission electron microscopy in the overlap region of a double-sided friction-stir-welded microalloyed steel (EH46) were recorded in detail. They are compared with microstructures in the thermomechanically affected region of the weld and with the base material. The differences suggest that the overlap region has been stirred in the single-phase ferrite, and consists mainly of small equiaxed ferrite grains with strain-induced precipitates, while the thermomechanically affected zone was processed in the austenite-ferrite-phase field, resulting in a mixture of bainite lath packets and ferrite grains. The almost complete absence of pearlite or cementite in the overlap region has led to the suggestion that it dissolved during friction stir welding, providing carbon for strain-induced precipitation. Also, in the complex microstructures of the overlap region, ferrite grains containing a high density of cell-like structures were observed, some of them having precipitates nucleated on their intersections. This implies that strain-induced continuous dynamic recrystallization has occurred.
Causal Impact of Having a College Degree on Women’s Fertility: Evidence From Regression Kink Designs
Authors: Sohn Hosung , Lee Suk-Won 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
An important factor speculated to affect fertility level is education. Theoretical predictions regarding whether education increases or decreases fertility are ambiguous. This study analyzes the causal impact of higher education on fertility using census data administered by Statistics Korea. To account for the endogeneity of education, this study exploits the Korean higher education reform initiated in 1993 that boosted women’s likelihood of graduating from college. Based on regression kink designs, we find that having a college degree reduces the likelihood of childbirths by 23 percentage points and the total number of childbirths by 1.3. Analyses of possible mechanisms show that labor market–related factors are a significant channel driving the negative effects; female college graduates are more likely to be wage earners and more likely to have high-wage occupations.
Micro-segmentation: securing complex cloud environments
Authors: Klein Dave 
Published: March 2019

The datacentre as we know it has undergone a radical transformation in recent years – to the point where the term ‘centre’ is probably a misnomer. Enterprises of all sizes and across all sectors are rapidly migrating their datacentre operations to DevOps-based, hybrid-cloud environments, typically involving some combination of private cloud, public cloud and on-premise facilities. The datacentre as we know it has undergone a radical transformation. Mission-critical data, applications and workloads are constantly moving among the various installations as traffic levels and processing demands dictate. This agility is what makes these dynamic infrastructures attractive to organisations looking for efficiencies and competitive advantage. It is also what makes them scary from a security perspective. Micro-segmentation is an effective way to secure valuable datacentre assets and implement a zero trust model in a hybrid or multi-cloud environment, says Dave Klein of GuardiCore.
Reporting on electoral violence in Nigerian news media: “Saying it as it is”?
Authors: Demarest Leila , Langer Arnim 
Published: March 2019

Abstract:While Nigeria has a vibrant press media landscape, freedom of the press is only rated as “partly free” by Freedom House, mostly due to political influences on reporting. Yet the extent to which these influences affect the quality of reporting remains insufficiently investigated. We address this gap by analyzing how three newspapers with different political affiliations report on conflict in the run-up to the 2015 elections. Our analyses indicate that biases in reporting are generally limited, and that while political pressures are real, they are most evident in editorial choices.
Think of the children: Leader development at the edge of tomorrow
Authors: Billsberry Jon , Escobar Vega Claudia , Molineux John 
Published: March 2019

AbstractLeader development has traditionally focused on adults. However, evidence suggests that these efforts are limited to developing and refining skills, encouraging some reflection, and helping the learners plan for the future. The underlying problem is that these are people whose brains are fully developed and relatively set. Hence, adult leader development works with what is already there. In this controversial essay, we argue that leader development activities should instead be directed towards children. Their brains are forming and leader development work will create and shape the leaders of tomorrow. We draw the important caveat that relatively little is known about influencing leadership in young brains making this a fertile and exciting, if challenging, area for leader development research.
The confinement and empowerment of Muslim leadership within the ‘iron cage of cultural complexity’: The case of an Islamic setting within Australia
Authors: Parry Ken , Faris Nezar 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe purpose of this empirical research is to address leadership within a complex multicultural context; namely Islamic organizations within a contemporary Western society (Australia). The researchers utilized qualitative analysis of triangulated, predominantly qualitative data. The analysis drew on core elements of grounded theory. It was found that both macro- and micro-dimensions of culture had an impact on Australian Muslim understandings of leadership and subsequently had an impact on leading. The analysis also uncovered intra- and inter-cultural complexity within Muslim organizations. The concept of an ‘iron cage’ of micro-cultures emerged to integrate these findings. An abstract storyline is posed wherein a new leadership identity will facilitate empowerment and uncertainty resolution about the stress of cultural complexity, resulting in more effective leadership.
How to emerge stronger: Antecedents and consequences of organizational resilience
Authors: Rodríguez-Sánchez Alma , Guinot Jacob , Chiva Ricardo , López-Cabrales Álvaro 
Published: March 2019

AbstractOrganizations have to strive in an uncertain and challenging environment. Hence, the role resilience played at work has been of special interest in the last decade, although empirical research is still scant, especially regarding the antecedents and the consequences resilience has. In this study we analyse the role corporate social responsibility plays towards employees (CSRE) in the promotion of resilience at work, and how resilience results in organizational learning capability (OLC) and firm performance. Structural equation modelling was used to test our model with a sample of 296 companies from different sectors. Results show that CSRE had a positive influence on organizational resilience, which in turn affected firm performance via OLC. Therefore, we tested the antecedents and consequences resilience had empirically, whose practical implications in terms of further human resource management activities are also discussed.
Beyond Positive and Negative: New Perspectives on Feedback Effects in Public Opinion on the Welfare State
Authors: Busemeyer Marius R , Abrassart Aurélien , Nezi Roula 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe study of policy feedback on public attitudes and policy preferences has become a growing area of research in recent years. Scholars in the tradition of Pierson usually argue that positive, self-reinforcing feedback effects dominate (that is, attitudes are commensurate with existing institutions), whereas the public thermostat model developed by Wlezien and Soroka expects negative, self-undermining feedback. Moving beyond the blunt distinction between positive and negative feedback, this article develops and proposes a more fine-grained typology of feedback effects that distinguishes between accelerating, self-reinforcing and self-undermining, specific and general, as well as long- and short-term dynamic feedback. The authors apply this typology in an analysis of public opinion on government spending in different areas of the welfare state for twenty-one OECD countries, employing a pseudo-panel approach. The empirical analysis confirms the usefulness of this typology since it shows that different types of feedback effects can be observed empirically.
Asymptotic Behaviour of the Energy Integral of a Two-Parameter Homogenization Problem with Nonlinear Periodic Robin Boundary Conditions
Authors: de Cristoforis Massimo Lanza , Musolino Paolo 
Published: March 2019

AbstractWe consider a nonlinear Robin problem for the Poisson equation in an unbounded periodically perforated domain. The domain has a periodic structure, and the size of each cell is determined by a positive parameterδ. The relative size of each periodic perforation is determined by a positive parameterε. Under suitable assumptions, such a problem admits a family of solutions which depends onεandδ. We analyse the behaviour the energy integral of such a family as (ε,δ) tends to (0, 0) by an approach that represents an alternative to asymptotic expansions and classical homogenization theory.