bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Toward a monitoring and threat detection system based on stream processing as a virtual network function for big data
Authors: Andreoni Lopez Martin , Mattos Diogo M. F. , Duarte Otto Carlos M. B. , Pujolle Guy 
Published: May 2019

SummaryThe late detection of security threats causes a significant increase in the risk of irreparable damages and restricts any defense attempt. In this paper, we propose a sCAlable TRAffic Classifier and Analyzer (CATRACA). CATRACA works as an efficient online Intrusion Detection and Prevention System implemented as a Virtualized Network Function. CATRACA is based on Apache Spark, a Big Data Streaming processing system, and it is deployed over the Open Platform for Network Functions Virtualization (OPNFV), providing an accurate real‐time threat‐detection service. The system presents a friendly graphical interface that provides real‐time visualization of the traffic and the attacks that occur in the network. Our prototype can differentiate normal traffic from denial of service (DoS) attacks and vulnerability probes over 95% accuracy under three different datasets. Moreover, CATRACA handles streaming data under concept drift detection with more than 85% of accuracy.
Donor‐/Acceptor‐Substituted Tetrakis(arylethynyl)benzenes: The Influence of Donor Group on Optoelectronic Properties
Authors: Nojo Wataru , Reingold I. David , Bard Jeremy P. , Chase Daniel T. , Deng Chun‐Lin , Haley Michael M. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractWe have prepared nine structural isomers of a tetrakis(arylethynyl)benzene chromophore functionalized with 4‐butoxyphenyl and pyridyl units as the respective donor and acceptor units and examined their steady‐state spectroscopic parameters to study how small structural variations effect the electronic absorption and emission spectra. Unlike their 4‐dibutylaminophenyl congeners that exhibited dynamic hypsochromic or bathochromic shifts in response to Lewis and Brønsted acids, the current class of compounds simply showed quenched fluorescence upon protonation; only AlCl3 elicited a red‐shifted fluorescence response. Computational studies of each system were also performed to provide additional insight into the energy levels and electronic transitions present.
Determination of supercapacitor parameters based on fractional differential equations
Authors: Hidalgo‐Reyes J.I. , Gómez‐Aguilar J.F. , Escobar‐Jimenez R.F. , Alvarado‐Martinez V.M. , Lopez‐Lopez M.G. 
Published: May 2019

SummaryIn this paper, we estimate the parameter values of a fractional‐order model of supercapacitors involving fractional derivatives of Liouville‐Caputo, Caputo‐Fabrizio, and Atangana‐Baleanu and fractional conformable derivative in the Liouville‐Caputo sense. We present the exact solution of the considered model using the properties of the Laplace transform operator together with the convolution theorem. They developed numerical simulations using each one of the fractional derivatives; the results were compared graphically with experimental data obtained from different supercapacitors using standard laboratory equipment. The nonlocal parameters involved in the equivalent electrical circuit for the supercapacitor model are recalculated for each fractional derivative using a particle swarm optimization algorithm for generating optimal solutions.
A new structure of three‐phase five‐level inverter with nested two‐level cells
Authors: Tirupathi Abhilash , Annamalai Kirubakaran , Veeramraju Tirumala Somasekhar 
Published: May 2019

SummaryThis paper presents a new structure of three‐phase five‐level inverter with a single direct current (DC) source for low‐ and medium‐voltage applications. The proposed configuration is built with a cascade connection of two‐level cells in a nested form and owns the advantages of a reduced number of passive components, total blocking voltage of the switches, and isolated DC sources. In order to make this topology attractive, a comparison is made with five‐level inverter topologies proposed for low‐ and medium‐voltage applications in recent years. The proposed circuit is powered using a single DC source and an auxiliary voltage‐balancing circuit (AVBC) to maintain the desired DC‐link capacitor voltages. A sinusoidal pulse width modulation (SPWM) scheme is implemented in field‐programmable gate array (FPGA), using Xilinx blocks developed in MATLAB/SIMULINK environment, to control the inverter switches. The performance of the proposed topology is verified through MATLAB simulation and prototype model for a step change in load. Finally, the experimental results are presented to validate the effectiveness of the proposed topology.
Population genetic analysis reveals a geographically limited transition zone between two genetically distinct Atlantic salmon lineages in Norway
Authors: Wennevik Vidar , Quintela María , Skaala Øystein , Verspoor Eric , Prusov Sergey , Glover Kevin A. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractAtlantic salmon is characterized by a high degree of population genetic structure throughout its native range. However, while populations inhabiting rivers in Norway and Russia make up a significant proportion of salmon in the Atlantic, thus far, genetic studies in this region have only encompassed low to modest numbers of populations. Here, we provide the first “in‐depth” investigation of population genetic structuring in the species in this region. Analysis of 18 microsatellites on >9,000 fish from 115 rivers revealed highly significant population genetic structure throughout, following a hierarchical pattern. The highest and clearest level of division separated populations north and south of the Lofoten region in northern Norway. In this region, only a few populations displayed intermediate genetic profiles, strongly indicating a geographically limited transition zone. This was further supported by a dedicated cline analysis. Population genetic structure was also characterized by a pattern of isolation by distance. A decline in overall genetic diversity was observed from the south to the north, and two of the microsatellites showed a clear decrease in number of alleles across the observed transition zone. Together, these analyses support results from previous studies, that salmon in Norway originate from two main genetic lineages, one from the Barents–White Sea refugium that recolonized northern Norwegian and adjacent Russian rivers, and one from the eastern Atlantic that recolonized the rest of Norway. Furthermore, our results indicate that local conditions in the limited geographic transition zone between the two observed lineages, characterized by open coastline with no obvious barriers to gene flow, are strong enough to maintain the genetic differentiation between them.
Electrochemical Detection of Zika Virus in Biological Samples: A Step for Diagnosis Point‐of‐care
Authors: Moço Anna C. R. , Guedes Pedro H. , Flauzino José M. R. , da Silva Heliane S. , Vieira Jussara G. , Castro Ana C. H. , Gomes Érica V. R. , Tolentino Fernanda M. , Soares Márcia M. C. N. , Madurro João M. , Brito‐Madurro Ana G. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThis work describes an electrochemical genosensor for detection of genomic RNA of Zika virus in real samples of infected patients, using a new platform based on graphite electrodes modified with electrochemically reduced graphene oxide and polytyramine‐conducting polymer. The developed genosensor was suitable for differentiation between samples of healthy and infected patients with Zika virus by differential pulse voltammetry, detecting up to 0.1 fg/mL (1.72 copies/mL), showing good stability (about 60 days), rapid analysis (about 20 min) and potential for filling the lack of practical diagnostic methods for Zika virus.
A fresh look into background electrolyte selection for capillary electrophoresis‐laser induced fluorescence of peptides and proteins
Authors: Morani Marco , Taverna Myriam , Mai Thanh Duc 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThis study reports a reinvestigation of background electrolyte selection strategy for performance improvement in CE‐LIF of peptides and proteins. This strategy is based on the employment of high concentrations of organic species in BGE possessing high buffer capacity and low specific conductivity in order to ensure excellent stacking preconcentration and separation resolution of fluorescently tagged peptides and proteins. Unlike universal UV detection, the use of such BGEs at high concentrations does not lead to degradation of LIF detection signals at the working excitation and emission wavelengths. At the same buffer ionic strength, pH and electric field, an “inorganic‐species‐free” BGE (or ISF BGE) for CE‐LIF of fluorescently labeled beta amyloid peptide Aβ 1–42 (a model analyte) offered a signal intensity and peak efficiency at least three‐times higher than those obtained with a conventional BGE normally used for CE‐LIF, while producing an electric current twice lower. Good peak performance (in terms of height and shape) was maintained when using ISF BGEs even with samples prepared in high‐conductivity phosphate buffer saline matrix. The advantageous features of such BGEs used at high concentrations over conventional ones in terms of high separation resolution, improved signal intensities, tuning of EOF magnitudes and minimization of protein adsorption on an uncoated fused silica capillary are demonstrated using Alexa‐488‐labelled trypsin inhibitor. Such BGE selection approach was applied for investigation of separation performance for CE‐LIF of ovalbumin labelled with different fluorophores.
Effective degradation of doxycycline by photocatalytic BiVO4–H2O2 under visible light
Authors: Tong Yanbin , Kang Jing , Shen Jimin , Chen Zhonglin , Zhao Shengxin , Sun Liqun , Wang Weiqiang 
Published: May 2019

AbstractDoxycycline (DOX) is a type of antibiotic that exists in the environment and is desired to be effectively removed. Herein, DOX was degraded by photocatalytic BiVO4–H2O2 and photocatalytic BiVO4 systems in this paper. Under the same degradation conditions, the effects of the two systems on DOX degradation were compared. The effect of the solution pH on degradation of DOX was examined in the range of 3.5–11.5. The optimum pH values were 7.5 and 11.5 for light‐BiVO4–H2O2 and light‐BiVO4 systems, respectively, and their removal rates were 96.27 and 98.84%, respectively. The optimum temperature of degradation was both 40°C by two methods, and the removal rates were 97.03 and 53.43%, respectively. The optimum dosage of BiVO4 was both 70 mg by two methods, and the removal rates were 95.92 and 52.52%, respectively. The degradation effect by light‐BiVO4–H2O2 method was better than that by light‐BiVO4 method. The possible photocatalytic reaction mechanism was also discussed briefly based on ESR spectrum. DMPO trapping experiment was applied to reveal the production of hydroxyl radicals. These works provide promising constructs at dealing with the DOX water by photocatalytic degradation.
Experimental study of smoke effects on energized electrical cabinets located nearby a lubricant oil pool fire
Authors: Tasaka Koji , Shirai Koji , Ji Junghoon , Zavaleta Pascal 
Published: May 2019

SummaryThis paper presents an experimental study of smoke exposure effects on potential malfunction of three electrical cabinets located nearby an oil pool fire. This study was performed as part of the PRISME‐2 international OECD project. Lubricant oil was used as fire source, and three real energized electrical cabinets were used as targets exposed to smoke in the adjacent room to the fire room. The main fire properties, as well as the fire consequences, such as gas temperatures and smoke concentrations in the rooms, and the cabinets are presented in detail. The heat release rate was thus assessed at around 500 kW for nearly all the fire duration, and maximum gas temperatures reached 300°C in the fire room, and 120°C in the adjacent room. Moreover, the maximum gas temperatures and soot mass concentrations inside the cabinets ranged from 90 to 120°C and from 0.3 to 1 g/m3, respectively. Nevertheless, continuous electrical monitoring of the three cabinets did not highlight malfunction. After the experiment, monitoring test of the cabinets was conducted to investigate the potential effects. The isolation resistance of electrical circuits on the most severe smoke exposed cabinet reduced during the monitoring test. It seemed the soot deposition have caused it.
The significant others: Global search for direct kinase substrates using chemical approaches
Authors: Shah Kavita , Kim Hyunjin 
Published: May 2019

AbstractProtein kinases function as key signaling hubs in the intricate network of biochemical signaling processes in the living cell. More than two‐thirds of the human proteome is estimated to be phosphorylated at ~960,000 phosphosites, which makes it challenging to identify the direct contribution of any desired kinase in generating this phosphoproteome. In this review, we discuss some of the methods that have been developed over the years for global identification of kinase substrates. The methods are essentially categorized into two classes, namely, (i) direct tagging of kinase substrates and (ii) indirect phosphoproteomics‐based approaches. We discuss the advantages and limitations entailed to each of the method introduced, with a special emphasis on the analog‐sensitive (as) kinase approach method. © 2019 IUBMB Life, 71(6):721–737, 2019
Investigation of specific binding of designed oligodeoxynucleotide decoys to transcription factors in HT29 cell line undergoing epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT)
Authors: Bigdelou Zahra , Johari Behrooz , Kadivar Mehdi , Rismani Elham , Asadi Zoleykha , Rahmati Mohammad , Saltanatpour Zohreh 
Published: May 2019

AbstractExpression of master transcriptional regulators of stem cells (Oct4 and Sox2) is associated with mediating tumor proliferation and tumor differentiation. The main goal of this study is the investigation of specific binding of designed Oct4–Sox2 transcription factors decoy oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) sequence to their nucleus‐extracted proteins in HT29‐ShE cells containing enriched cancer stem‐like cells (SCLCs). First, gene expression of Oct4, Sox2, and E‐cadherin revealed the overexpression of Oct4 and Sox2 and downregulation of E‐cadherin in HT29‐ShE cells compared with HT29 wild‐type and HT29‐ShC cells. Next, Oct4–Sox2 complex decoy ODNs were designed according to their elements in the promoter region of Sox2 gene. Then, the interactions of Oct4 and Sox2 proteins to designed ODNs were evaluated in silico. Finally, DNA–protein interactions of decoy ODNs and their corresponding proteins were examined by electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA). Analysis of gel shift retardation assay admitted the specific binding of designed ODNs sequence to the nuclear extracted Oct4 and Sox2 proteins. The results will be a promising approach to target cancer stem cells for potential use in differentiation therapy before chemotherapy and radiotherapy of cancers.
Model‐Based Population Pharmacokinetic Analysis of Nivolumab in Chinese Patients With Previously Treated Advanced Solid Tumors, Including Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Zhang Jason , Cai Junliang , Bello Akintunde , Roy Amit , Sheng Jennifer 
Published: May 2019

AbstractNivolumab is the first anti–programmed death‐1 agent approved in China for treatment of locally advanced or metastatic non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Here, we characterize the population pharmacokinetics (PPK) of nivolumab monotherapy in Chinese patients with previously treated advanced/recurrent solid tumors, including NSCLC and nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC), using data from 2 predominantly Chinese (CheckMate 077 and 078), and 5 global (MDX1106‐01, CA209‐003, and CheckMate 017, 057, and 063) studies. The PPK model was developed by reestimating parameters of a prior global population model with Chinese patient data. Model reestimates showed nivolumab pharmacokinetics (PK) to be linear and dose proportional. Race did not have a clinically meaningful effect on nivolumab clearance. Body weight, Asian race, sex, and performance status had significant effects on clearance. Baseline clearance was 9% lower in the Asian versus the global population but not considered clinically relevant. Change in time‐varying clearance and predicted nivolumab exposures with 3 mg/kg every 2 weeks (Q2W) were similar in Chinese, non‐Chinese Asian, and non‐Asian patients. In Chinese patients, the predicted nivolumab exposure with a 240‐mg Q2W regimen was ∼25% higher than with 3 mg/kg Q2W, but ∼62% lower than that of a previously evaluated, well‐tolerated regimen of 10 mg/kg Q2W (global population). Differences in nivolumab baseline clearance and exposures between patients with NPC and NSCLC were not clinically meaningful (<20%). Overall, PPK analysis demonstrated that nivolumab was not sensitive to race when evaluated in Chinese and non‐Asian patients and exhibited similar PK in NSCLC and NPC.
The effect of luteolin in prevention of periodontal disease in Wistar rats
Authors: Balci Yuce Hatice , Toker Hulya , Yildirim Ali , Tekin Mehmet Bugrul , Gevrek Fikret , Altunbas Nilufer 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBackgroundPeriodontal disease is the chronic infectious disease of the periodontium. Because of irreversibility, prevention of disease is one of the most important goals of periodontal treatment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of luteolin, a powerful anti‐inflammatory agent, on the prevention of experimental periodontitis by determining morphological and histological tissue alterations.MethodsThis study consisted of 28 rats and four experimental groups: healthy control group (C, n = 6); periodontitis group (P, n = 6); periodontitis and 50 mg/kg luteolin administered group (L‐50, n = 8); and periodontitis and 100 mg/kg luteolin administered group (L‐100, n = 8). Experimental periodontitis was induced via ligature method around lower right first molar teeth. All rats were euthanized 11 days after. The severity of periodontal destruction was determined by measuring alveolar bone loss under a stereomicroscope. Osteoblast and inflammatory cell counts were counted on hematoxylin‐eosin‐stained slides and osteoclasts were counted on tartrate‐resistant acid phosphatase‐stained slides. The levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)‐2, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)‐8, tissue inhibitor of MMP (TIMP)‐1, receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL), and osteoprotegerin (OPG) were determined by immunohistochemistry.ResultsThe highest alveolar bone loss was observed in the periodontitis group and the luteolin administration decreased bone loss in both groups. Osteoblast cell number was higher and osteoclast and inflammatory cell numbers were lower in the P group compared to C, L‐50, and L‐100 groups. Luteolin, dose‐dependently increased osteoblast cell counts. Luteolin attenuated periodontal inflammation in both L‐50 and L‐100 groups. Like osteoblast cell numbers, BMP‐2 expressions were also elevated in luteolin groups. Both doses of luteolin significantly increased TIMP‐1 and BMP‐2 expressions and decreased MMP‐8 levels. iNOS expressions increased in P group and L‐100 significantly decreased iNOS levels. RANKL increased and OPG decreased in P group and 100 mg/kg luteolin increased OPG and decreased RANKL levels significantly.ConclusionsWithin the limits of present experimental study, luteolin successfully improved periodontal health in a ligature‐induced experimental periodontitis model in Wistar rats. The decrease in inflammation, osteoclastic and collagenase activity and increase in osteoblastic activity are possibly involved in this process.
Krafft Temperature, Critical Micelle Concentration, and Rheology of “Pseudo‐Gemini” Surfactant Comprising Fatty Acid Soap and Bola‐Type Quaternary Ammonium Salt
Authors: He Shuai , Xu Bo , Zhang Yongmin 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBola‐type quaternary ammonium salt can bridge with two fatty acid soaps through electrostatic attraction to form a pseudogemini surfactant, which enhances the solution viscosity. In this work, the effects of the building blocks (spacer and hydrophobic chain) of a pseudogemini surfactant on the Krafft temperature, critical micelle concentration, and rheological properties were investigated. The results revealed that the addition of bola‐type salt obviously decreased the Krafft temperature of sodium stearate (C18ONa), and a bola‐type salt bearing a large benzene ring (Bola2be) was more effective than the one bearing an ethyl group (Bola2et) or a hydroxyethyl group (Bola2hy). When bola‐type salt is mixed with fatty acid soap at a fixed molar ratio of 1:2, a pseudogemini surfactant forms in situ, and the viscosity of the solution is significantly enhanced by the formation of a worm‐like micelle (WLM) network. The stronger the hydrophobicity of the bola‐type salt or the tail of the fatty acid soap, the lower the critical overlapping and micelle concentrations, and the stronger is the ability to enhance viscosity. However, pseudogemini surfactants that use sodium stearate as a monomer show similar self‐assembly abilities to those using sodium oleate as a monomer. In addition, the WLM formed by pseudogemini surfactants composed of Bola2be and sodium stearate or sodium oleate were liable to branch at high concentrations.
Chain Features and Their Influence on the Thermal Stability of Poly(propylene‐co‐1‐nonene) Copolymers
Authors: Qiong Diana , García‐Peñas Alberto , Barranco‐García Rosa , Cerrada María Luisa , Benavente Rosario , Pérez Ernesto , Gómez‐Elvira José Manuel 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe thermal stability of several isotactic polypropylenes and propylene‐co‐1‐nonene copolymers is assessed under nitrogen by means of thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The samples involve wide ranges of molecular weight, isotactic average length, and 1‐nonene content, in order to perform a comprehensive analysis of the effect that chain features exert on the apparent activation energy (Ea), in the initial stages of the molten state degradation. The degradation process correlates with chain mobility and, accordingly, with chain features that are linked to. Thus, microstructure and chain size are found to play a key role. In fact, isotactic average length of propylene sequences and molecular weight are driving factors in the Ea required for main chain thermal scission.
Wideband magneto‐electric dipole antenna with a claw shaped reflector for 5G communication systems
Authors: Zhang Xuan , Jiao Yong‐Chang , Weng Zi‐Bin , Zhang Yi‐Xuan , Feng Shu 
Published: May 2019

AbstractA wideband magneto‐electric dipole antenna with a claw‐shaped reflector is presented for future 5G communication systems. A pair of E‐shaped radiating patches is used to form an electric dipole, while two folded patches, which are shorted to the ground, are used as the magneto dipole. Four inverted‐L parasitic branches are introduced on the four corners of the ground, producing new resonant points. The four parasitic branches along with the ground plane form a claw‐shaped reflector for the antenna to obtain stable directional radiation patterns. This antenna is fed by a modified feeding structure to improve the matching of the working band. The measured results show that the reflection coefficient is less than ‐10 dB in a relative bandwidth of 103.6% (1.18‐3.72 GHz). The average gain in the working band is around 7.6 dBi. As a result, the proposed antenna can be a favorable candidate for future 5G communication systems.