bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of prolonged treatment with omalizumab on the development of solid epithelial cancer in patients with atopic asthma and chronic idiopathic urticaria: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Johnston Amy , Smith Christine , Zheng Carine , Aaron Shawn D. , Kelly Shannon E. , Skidmore Becky , Wells George A. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractObjectiveWe investigated whether prolonged treatment with omalizumab influences development or progression of solid epithelial cancer in patients with atopic asthma or chronic idiopathic urticaria.DesignSystematic review and meta‐analysis of intervention and observational studies. Randomized controlled trials were assessed for risk of bias using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool, comparative observational studies were assessed using the Newcastle‐Ottawa Scale, and non‐comparative observational studies were assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute Checklist for Prevalence Studies.Data sourcesWe searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library and grey literature for eligible studies to November 2017. All searches were updated in January 2019.Eligibility criteria for included studiesRandomized, quasi‐randomized, controlled clinical trials and observational studies were included if they involved patients ≥ 12 years with moderate‐to‐severe persistent asthma or chronic idiopathic urticaria treated with omalizumab for ≥ 40 weeks. Eligible comparators included standard of care, placebo, cromoglycate or no treatment.ResultsOne hundred and sixty seven unique studies were eligible for inclusion; however, only twelve (7.2%, n = 11 758) reported any outcome of interest, none of which involved patients with urticaria. 195 cancer events were reported. We found no statistically significant increase in the odds of study‐emergent solid epithelial cancer in patients randomized to long‐term treatment with omalizumab compared to standard of care (Peto OR: 0.65, 95% CI: 0.11, 3.74, I2 = 41%). Less than one per cent of participants of non‐comparative observational studies (n = 2350) were diagnosed with a solid epithelial tumour (meta‐proportion: 0.86% [95% CI: 0.24, 1.86%, I2 = 56%]). In the only comparative observational study reporting on cancer, the proportion of study‐emergent solid epithelial tumour events was nearly identical in both study groups (omalizumab: 2.3%, standard of care: 2.2%).ConclusionsThere is insufficient evidence to determine whether long‐term treatment with omalizumab influences development or progression of solid epithelial cancer in these patient populations.PROSPERO registration # CRD 42018082211.
A global plastid phylogeny of the fern genus Asplenium (Aspleniaceae)
Authors: Xu Ke‐Wang , Zhang Liang , Rothfels Carl J. , Smith Alan R. , Viane Ronald , Lorence David , Wood Kenneth R. , Chen Cheng‐Wei , Knapp Ralf , Zhou Lin , Lu Ngan Thi , Zhou Xin‐Mao , Wei Hong‐Jin , Fan Qiang , Chen Su‐Fang , Cicuzza Daniele , Gao Xin‐Fen , Liao Wen‐Bo , Zhang Li‐Bing 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe infrageneric relationships and taxonomy of the largest fern genus, Asplenium (Aspleniaceae), have remained poorly understood. Previous studies have focused mainly on specific species complexes involving a few or dozens of species only, or have achieved a large taxon sampling but only one plastid marker was used. In the present study, DNA sequences from six plastid markers (atpB, rbcL, rps4, rps4‐trnS, trnL and trnL‐F) of 1030 accessions (616 of them newly sequenced here) representing c. 420 species of Asplenium (60% of estimated species diversity), 16 species of Hymenasplenium, three Diplaziopsidaceae, and four Rhachidosoraceae were used to produce the largest genus‐level phylogeny yet for ferns. Our major results include: (i) Asplenium as broadly circumscribed is monophyletic based on our inclusion of representatives of 32 of 38 named segregate genera; (ii) 11 major clades in Asplenium are identified, and their relationships are mostly well‐resolved and strongly supported; (iii) numerous species, unsampled in previous studies, suggest new relationships and numerous cryptic species and species complexes in Asplenium; and (iv) the accrued molecular evidence provides an essential foundation for further investigations of complex patterns of geographical diversification, speciation and reticulate evolution in this family.
A systematic review of the management of synthetic mesh erosion of the rectum following urogynaecological surgery
Authors: Younan H‐C. , Machin M. , Myers A. F. , Slesser A. A. P. , Mohsen Y. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAimSynthetic rectal mesh erosion is a challenging complication following urogynaecological surgery. The aim of this study was to determine the optimal management of rectal mesh erosion following urogynaecological surgery.MethodA systematic review was undertaken following a pre‐defined protocol registered with PROSPERO (CRD42018112425) in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. Searches of MEDLINE online database, Cochrane Library and clinical trial registries (ClinicalTrials.gov, EU Clinical Trials, ISRCTN registry) were performed. The included articles were heterogeneous – therefore a narrative synthesis was performed.ResultsFourteen studies were included in the review: 11 case reports, one case series, one retrospective cohort and one prospective multicentre trial. Fourteen rectal mesh erosions were identified. Eight (57%) of the rectal erosions underwent major abdominal surgery. In two of these cases, the abdominal approach was used only after failure of the transanal route. Five (36%) of the mesh erosions were managed using a transanal approach. In one case, the mesh passed without intervention.ConclusionSynthetic rectal mesh erosion can be managed successfully via either a transanal or a transabdominal approach with a partial or complete excision of the mesh. An examination under anaesthetic with an attempted transanal removal of mesh should be considered the first step in the management of this condition before consideration of more invasive surgery.
Value of heart rate recovery in female patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension due to systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Yang Guo‐ling , Guo Jian , Pudasaini Bigyan , Yuan Ping , Gong Su‐gang , Wang Lan , Zhao Qin‐hua , Yang Wen‐lan , Jiang Rong , Zhou Caicun , Liu Jin‐ming 
Published: July 2019

AbstractObjectiveThis study intended to explore the relation between heart rate recovery at 1 minutes (HRR1) during the recovery phase of cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) and exercise capacity in female systemic lupus erythematosus associated pulmonary arterial hypertension (SLE‐PAH) patients.MethodsTwenty‐one female SLE‐PAH patients underwent right heart catheterization (RHC), pulmonary function test (PFT) and CPET. Forty‐two healthy subjects matched with SLE‐PAH patients in age, sex and BMI were recruited as a control group. The correlations between HRR1 with clinical and CPET parameters were performed.ResultsPeak HR, ΔHR, HRR1, Peak HR‐warm HR1min, Peak HR‐warm HR2min and CR were significantly lower in SLE‐PAH than in controls (P < .01). Increased incidence of CRI was seen in SLE‐PAH. Except for the Peak PETO2, which was higher in controls, all other CPET parameters were lower in SLE‐PAH. SLE‐PAH patients with HRR1 ≥ 16 had longer 6MWD, lower NT‐proBNP, better percent of predicted gas transfer index or diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DLco% pred) as well as better CO and CI. Peak HR, ΔHR, HRR1, Peak HR‐warm HR1min, Peak HR‐warm HR2min, CR, Peak Load, Peak VO2, Peak PETCO2, OUEP and OUES were lower and duration of exercise was shorter in patients with HRR1 < 16. HRR1 had positive correlation with 6MWD, DLco% pred, CO, CI and some key CPET parameters.ConclusionsHRR1 is an easily obtained auxiliary parameter in SLE‐PAH patients to reflect an altered autonomic tone. SLE‐PAH patients with HRR1 < 16 have more severe hemodynamics, worse clinical findings and marked oxygen uptake inefficiency than those with HRR1 ≥ 16.
Marx's genealogy of the idea of equality
Authors: James David 
Published: July 2019

AbstractContrary to egalitarian readings of both Marx's critique of capitalist society and its replacement by communist society, his lack of commitment to the idea of equality has been emphasized. I argue that Marx's statements concerning the idea of equality, and especially how it would represent an inappropriate norm for genuine communist society, are ultimately to be explained in terms of its relation to the exchange value that governs acts of commodity exchange. Marx wants to show how general recognition of the idea of equality and the legal and political forms that it assumes have their origin in the way in which exchange value has come to dominate social relations, leading human beings to develop an abstract conception of themselves, others and how the world ought to be that is incompatible with the goals of communist society.
Use of acoustics to enhance the efficiency of physical screens designed to protect downstream moving European eel (Anguilla anguilla)
Authors: Deleau Mathias J. C. , White Paul R. , Peirson Graeme , Leighton Timothy G. , Kemp Paul S. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractEuropean eel, Anguilla anguilla (L.), is vulnerable to entrainment at a variety of man‐made intakes, including those that lead to hydropower turbines or other abstraction points. Two experiments were conducted to investigate the potential for acoustic stimuli to improve the efficiency of a vertical bar screen to guide downstream moving eel. Three underwater speakers were installed along the channel wall of an external flume, upstream of the screen. In the first experiment (a), screen guidance efficiency recorded in the presence (treatment) and absence (control) of a continuous broadband stimulus was individually compared between fish from two respective groups. Adopting a “before‐after” design, the second experiment (b) assessed individually the guidance of control eels from the group previously used in experiment 1 when exposed to a 100 Hz pulse. The majority of eels reached the bypass in both experiments with only three passing through the screen during the controls against one during each acoustic treatment. Rejection of the area adjacent to the speakers was more common during the acoustic treatment, with eels moving past the speakers more rapidly in the presence of sound. The results suggest that employing acoustic stimuli enhances the guidance efficiency of physical screens.
In silico analysis‐based identification of the target residue of integrin α6 for metastasis inhibition of basal‐like breast cancer
Authors: Tanaka Sunao , Senda Noriko , Iida Atsuo , Sehara‐Fujisawa Atsuko , Ishii Tomoko , Sato Fumiaki , Toi Masakazu , Itou Junji 
Published: July 2019

AbstractMetastasis causes death in breast cancer patients. To inhibit breast cancer metastasis, we focused on integrin α6, a membrane protein that contributes to cell migration and metastasis. According to in silico analysis, we identified Asp‐358 as an integrin α6‐specific vertebrate‐conserved residue and consequently as a potential therapeutic target. Because Asp‐358 is located on the surface of the β propeller domain that interacts with other molecules for integrin α6 function, we hypothesized that a peptide with the sequence around Asp‐358 competitively inhibits integrin α6 complex formation. We treated basal‐like breast cancer cells with the peptide and observed reductions in cell migration and metastasis. The result of the immunoprecipitation assay showed that the peptide inhibited integrin α6 complex formation. Our immunofluorescence for phosphorylated paxillin, a marker of integrin‐regulated focal adhesion, showed that the peptide reduced the number of focal adhesions. These results indicate that the peptide inhibits integrin α6 function. This study identified the functional residue of integrin α6 and designed the inhibitory peptide. For breast cancer patients, metastasis inhibition therapy may be developed in the future based on this study.
The influence of autogenic training on the physical properties of skin and cardiac autonomic activity in postmenopausal women: an exploratory study
Authors: Sakai Shingo , Inoue‐Sato Mayumi , Amemiya Rei , Murakami Motoko , Inagaki Kazuki , Sakairi Yosuke 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundAutogenic training (AT) is a major relaxation training technique whose clinical efficacy has been verified in dermatology. Many reports demonstrate ameliorated skin conditions in AT‐treated subjects with reduced psychological stress. However, no studies have examined the effects of AT on the skin of postmenopausal women.ObjectivesWe examine the influences of AT on the physical properties of skin and cardiac autonomic activity in postmenopausal women.MethodsPostmenopausal women were classed into an AT group and a control one. The women in the AT group were mentored by a professional to practice AT twice a day for 7 weeks. The women in the control group were instructed to close their eyes for 3 minutes instead of AT. Hydration of the stratum corneum (SC), transepidermal water loss (TEWL), skin elasticity and heart‐rate variability (HRV) were measured before and after the study period to examine how they changed.ResultsSC hydration and skin elasticity of the cheek, increased in both groups, and the increase was significantly higher in the AT group (n = 14) than in the control group (n = 12) (P < 0.05, Cohen’s d = 1.03; P < 0.05, Cohen’s d = 0.99; respectively). TEWL did not change in either group. LF/HF was lower in the AT group than in the control group (P < 0.05, Cohen’s d = 0.91).ConclusionAT increased SC hydration and skin elasticity with changes in the balance of autonomic nervous system activity in postmenopausal women, implying that AT may have improvement effects on aged skin by menopause.
Association of programmed death‐1 gene polymorphisms with the risk of basal cell carcinoma
Authors: Fathi Farshid , Ebrahimi Milad , Eslami Asma , Hafezi Hossein , Eskandari Nahid , Motedayyen Hossein 
Published: July 2019

AbstractEnvironmental and genetic factors play a fundamental role in the pathogenesis of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) defined as the most common cancer of skin. Programmed death‐1 (PD‐1), encoded by programmed cell death‐1 (PDCD1) gene, serves as an inhibitory molecule in the suppression of immune responses and a risk factor in the development of different cancers. In this study, we investigated the role of two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within PDCD1 gene, and haplotypes defined by these SNPs, in the development of BCC in an Iranian population. Whole blood samples were obtained from 210 BCC and 320 healthy subjects. Genomic DNA was extracted from whole blood samples, polymerase chain reaction‐restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR‐RFLP) was used to genotype determinations of PD1.3 (rs11568821) and PD1.5 (rs2227981) SNPs, and 4 haplotypes were constructed by PDCD1 SNPs. The frequency of G allele of PD1.3 was significantly higher in BCC patients than healthy subjects (p < 0.02), while these significant differences were not observed in the frequencies of PD1.5 alleles between BCC and healthy subjects. Moreover, we found that there were no statistically significant differences in PD1.3 and PD1.5 genotypes between BCC and control groups. Of all estimated haplotypes for PDCD1, only AC haplotype was associated with BCC (OR = 0.22, 95% CI = 0.06–0.79, p < 0.01). These findings suggest that PD1.3G allele and AC haplotype of PDCD1 contribute to BCC in the Iranian population. However, further studies in different populations with larger sample size are required to confirm this study.
Sudden cardiac death: an update
Authors: Isbister Julia , Semsarian Christopher 
Published: July 2019

AbstractSudden cardiac death (SCD) is a devastating and all too common result of both acquired and genetic heart diseases. The profound sadness endured by families is compounded by the risk many of these deaths confer upon surviving relatives. For those with known cardiac disease, disease‐specific therapy and risk stratification are key to reducing sudden death. For families of a SCD victim, uncovering a definitive cause of death can help relieve the agonising uncertainty and is a vital first step in screening surviving relatives and instituting therapy to reduce SCD risk. Increasing knowledge about the molecular mechanisms and genetic drivers of malignant arrhythmias in the diverse clinical entities that can cause SCD is vital if we are to optimise risk stratification and personalise patient care. Advances in diagnostic tools, disease‐specific therapy and defibrillator technology are improving outcomes for patients and their families but there is still much progress to be made.
Cooperative game‐theoretic features of cost sharing in location‐routing
Authors: Osicka Ondrej , Guajardo Mario , van Oost Thibault 
Published: July 2019

AbstractWhile the interest in both collaborative logistics and location‐routing has grown considerably, horizontal cooperation in location‐routing problems remains fairly unattended. This article studies several variants of the location‐routing problem using a cooperative game‐theoretic framework. The authors derive characteristics in terms of subadditivity, convexity, and non‐emptiness of the core. Moreover, for some of the game variants, it is shown that for facility opening costs substantially larger than the costs associated with routing, the core is always nonempty. The theoretical results are supported by numerical experiments aimed at illustrating the properties and deriving insights. Among others, it is observed that, while in general it is not possible to guarantee core allocations, in a huge majority of cases the core is nonempty.
Tanshinone I inhibits the growth and metastasis of osteosarcoma via suppressing JAK/STAT3 signalling pathway
Authors: Wang Weiguo , Li Jinsong , Ding Zhiyu , Li Yuezhan , Wang Jianlong , Chen Shijie , Miao Jinglei 
Published: July 2019

AbstractTanshinone I (Tan I) is a widely used diterpene compound derived from the traditional Chinese herb Danshen. Increasing evidence suggests that it exhibits anti‐cancer activity in various human cancers. However, the in vitro and in vivo effects of Tan I on osteosarcoma (OS) remain inadequately elucidated, especially those against tumour metastasis. Our results showed that Tan I significantly inhibited OS cancer cell proliferation, migration and invasion and induced cell apoptosis in vitro. Moreover, treatment with 10 and 20 mg/kg Tan I effectively suppressed tumour growth in subcutaneous xenografts and orthotopic xenograft mouse models. In addition, Tan I significantly inhibited tumour metastasis in intracardiac inoculation xenograft models. The results also showed that Tan I‐induced increased expression of the proapoptotic gene Bax and decreased expression of the anti‐apoptotic gene Bcl‐2 is the possible mechanism of its anti‐cancer effects. Tan I was also found to abolish the IL‐6‐mediated activation of the JAK/STAT3 signalling pathway. Conclusively, this study is the first to show that Tan I suppresses OS growth and metastasis in vitro and in vivo, suggesting it may be a potential novel and efficient drug candidate for the treatment of OS progression.
Ontogenetic change in the amount and position of slow‐oxidative myotomal muscle in relationship to regional endothermy in juvenile yellowfin tuna Thunnus albacares
Authors: Dickson Juleen M. , Dickson Kathryn A. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractMyotomal slow‐oxidative muscle (SM) powers continuous swimming and generates heat needed to maintain elevated locomotor muscle temperatures (regional endothermy) in tunas. This study describes how the amount and distribution of myotomal SM increases with fish size and age in juvenile yellowfin tuna Thunnus albacares in relationship to the development of regional endothermy. In T. albacares juveniles 40–74 mm fork length (LF; n = 23) raised from fertilised eggs at the Inter‐American Tropical Tuna Commission Achotines Laboratory in Panama and larger juveniles (118–344 mm LF; n = 5) collected by hook and line off of Oahu, Hawaii, USA, SM was identified by histochemical staining for the mitochondrial enzyme succinic dehydrogenase or by colour (in the two largest individuals). The cross‐sectional area of myotomal SM at 60% LF, a position with maximal percentage of SM in larger T. albacares, increased exponentially with LF. The percentage of total cross‐sectional area composed of SM at 60% LF increased significantly with both LF and age, suggesting that SM growth occurs throughout the size range of T. albacares juveniles studied. In addition, the percentage of SM at 60% LF that is medial increased asymptotically with LF. The increases in amount of SM and medial SM, along with the development of the counter‐current heat‐exchanger blood vessels that retain heat, allow larger tuna juveniles to maintain elevated and relatively stable SM temperatures, facilitating range expansion into cooler waters.
Evaluation of the effects of different stocking densities on growth and stress responses of juvenile hybrid grouper ♀ Epinephelus fuscoguttatus × ♂ Epinephelus lanceolatus in recirculating aquaculture systems
Authors: Shao Tianyun , Chen Xiaoyan , Zhai Dingxuan , Wang Tao , Long Xiaohua , Liu Zhaopu 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThis study was aimed at evaluating the physiological and metabolic responses of juvenile hybrid grouper ♀ Epinephelus fuscoguttatus × ♂ Epinephelus lanceolatus to stocking density. Hybrid grouper juveniles (mean ± SE = 25.43 ± 2.36 g live mass) were stocked for 22 weeks in a recirculating aquaculture system (RAS) under four different densities: low stocking density (LD; 1.03 kg m−3), medium stocking density (MD; 2.06 kg m−3), high stocking density (HD; 3.09 kg m−3) and extra‐high stocking density (EHD; 4.11 kg m−3). Biometric variables were recorded and plasma, liver, intestine and stomach samples were taken for biochemical analysis at the end of the experimental period. Final stocking densities were 6.27, 16.04, 23.77 and 28.32 kg m−3, respectively, with significant differences in growth performance. Our results showed that the best growth rates and feed utilisation occurred in the MD group. Higher plasma cortisol and glucose levels and lower triglyceride levels reflected the stress responses in the EHD group. Moreover, the activity of aspartate and alanine transaminases was elevated in the HD and EHD groups due to enhanced gluconeogenesis. The activity of the digestive enzyme pepsin significantly increased in the MD group. We found that 2.06–3.09 kg m−3 is the most suitable starting density for culturing juvenile hybrid grouper in recirculating aquaculture systems.
The Bottlenecks of Free Trade: Paraguay's Mau Cars and Contraband Markets in the Triple Frontier
Authors: Schuster Caroline E. 
Published: July 2019

ResumenEn la Triple Frontera entre Argentina, Brasil y Paraguay, la ciudad paraguaya de Ciudad del Este es famosa por los autos robados. Dado que Ciudad del Este es un embotellamiento para las rutas de contrabando en el hemisferio, el mercado del contrabando—o actividades mau—arroja una serie de preguntas sobre la legitimidad y el capitalismo comercial. Muestro cómo los autos mau se articulan en una serie de embotellamientos, desde ‘hacer fila’ en el puente internacional, el trabajo de ‘cazacoches’ que confiscan los vehículos robados, hasta una fuerza élite de la aduana encargada de la vigilancia de los autos de contrabando de Paraguay. Mau es una expresión y un mecanismo para regular el capitalismo de frontera, la acumulación y el libre comercio. Por lo tanto, se debe tratar a mau como una forma reguladora de gobernanza económica en tensión dinámica con la terminología pública y oficial del comercio, como la “integración” económica y la “libre circulación” que dominan el mercado común del Mercosur. [Burocracia, capitalismo fronterizo, contrabando, economía informal, fronteras, Paraguay, Triple Frontera, zona franca]