bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Screening and molecular identification of Cr(VI)-resistant Trichoderma isolated from ex-tin mining soil in Bangka Belitung Province, Indonesia
Authors: Hastuty A , Hidayat I 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Several major industries in Indonesia such as the textile industry, electroplating industry, and the pharmaceutical industry, can generate a considerable amount of chromium (Cr) wastes, hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)]. Unfortunately, the wastewater treatment plant systems of these industries may be partially unqualified, causing heavy pollution in several water bodies such as rivers and lakes. The aim of the present study was to discover and identify Cr(VI)-resistant fungi as bioremediation agents of removing the Cr(VI) from the environment. Seven fungal isolates from tin mining soil of Bangka Belitung province were found tolerant to high Cr(VI) concentration. All fungal isolates grew well at 0.25 mM of Cr(VI), and five fungal isolates still tolerant at a concentration of 2 mM. Molecular identification based on the ITS (internal transcribed spacer) rDNA region showed that these isolates belong to Trichoderma crassum (2 isolates), T. virescentiflavum (3 isolates), and T. aff. tomentosum (2 isolates).
Screening of potential lignin-degrading fungi from the tropical forest for lignocellulose biotreatment
Authors: Idris  , Ramadhani I , Kanti A , Sudiana I M 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Lignocellulose can be converted into many products replacing products produced from fossil, such as bioenergy, biochemicals and biomaterial products through several treatment. In the bioethanol production, the lignin content in lignocellulose causes the conversion of cellulose to ethanol is less optimal. This research aimed to screen a number of fungal isolated from tropical forests to obtain the lignin-degrading fungi which are potentially used in lignocellulose biotreatment. Screening was conducted by growing fungal isolates on a minimal salt media containing black liquor as a carbon source. Fungal growth ability was observed based on growth index and lignin degradation by fungal isolates was determined by measuring the absorption spectra of the degradation medium at wavelengths of 280 nm and compared to uninoculated control media. The screening results showed that all of 10 isolates had the different ability to grow on minimal media containing black liquor. One fungal isolates identified as Daldania eschscholtzii SA2 146 showed the highest lignin degradation ability that can degrade lignin up to 15% of the total lignin in the media. The lignin degradation by five fungal isolates was range between 5% - 15%. This study proved that the obtained fungal isolates can degrade lignin and potentially be used in lignocellulose biotreatment. Further investigation will be conducted to evaluate the selectivity of potential fungi to degrade lignin.
Enhancement of laccase production in a new isolated Trametes hirsuta LBF-AA017 by lignocellulosic materials and its application for removal of chemical dyes
Authors: Andriani A , Sukorini A , Perwitasari U , Yopi  
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Laccase is one of the extracellular ligninolytic enzymes highly produced by white rot fungi (WRF) and widely used in industrial processes such as decolorizing of synthetic dyes. In this study, the enzyme was produced by a new isolated WRF (Trametes hirsuta LBF-AA017) through two types of fermentation: submerged and solid state fermentation. In the submerged culture, several local lignocellulosic materials (0.5% w/v): bagasse, palm kernel cake (PKC), sugar palm fruit cake (SPFC), corn cobs (CC), tobacco road (TR), were used as laccase inducers. Among 5 materials tested, treatment using SPFC resulted highest laccase production, 645 U L−1 in the 9th day. Higher concentration of SPFC (5% w/v) enhanced laccase poduction by the fungus up to 2034.354 U L−1 in 9 days. Addition of SPFC above 25% (w/v) into culture medium made solid state condition and significantly enhance the production of laccase by the fungus. The crude laccase could effectively decolorize three types of chemical dyes: congo red (CR), brilliant blue G (BBG), coomassie brilliant blue (CBB), in a short period. The laccase could effectively remove three kind of tested dyes with various rates: 45, 91, 48%, respectively for CR, BBG and CBB in one hour reaction. Rapid removal of dyes, especially for BBG, by the laccase T. hirsuta LBF-AA017 has initially proven the potential to be applied for environmental biotechnology.
Decolorization of anthraquinone, azo and triphenylmethane dyes by laccase from newly isolated fungus, Cerrena sp. BMD.TA.1
Authors: Hidayat A , Ningrum A C , Falah S 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The use of white-rot fungus for dyestuff degradation is alternative of eco-friendly strategy on removal of industrial effluents. This study was conducted to investigate the decolorization of dyes using laccase produced by Cerrena sp. BMD.TA.1 isolated from Gunung Rinjani National Park (GRNP), West Nusa Tenggara – Indonesia. This fungus had capability to decolorize three types of dyes, those: anthraquinone (Remazol Brilliant Blue R, RBBR), azo (Congo Red) and triphenylmethane (Fast Green FCF). The optimum laccase activity in this dyes treatment by fungal culture was achieved at 96 h pre-incubation, but the highest decolorization rate was reached at 144 h pre-incubation. After 72 h of dyes treatment, all dyes were removed at least 82%. The optimum decolorization for 100 mg L−1 was similar for of all dyes types. The decolorization of RRBR was higher compared to Congo Red and Fast Green FCF at 1000 mg L−1. Furthermore in purified laccase, the RBBR was decolorized without any addition of redox mediator. The decreasing of laccase activities and increasing of dye concentration resulted on the lowest decolorization.This study revealed that laccase produced by Cerrena sp. BMD.TA.1 contributed to decolorization process, and had potential industrial application on removal of dyes effluents.
Phytoremediation of chromium (Cr) using Typha angustifolia L., Canna indica L. and Hydrocotyle umbellata L. in surface flow system of constructed wetland
Authors: Taufikurahman T , Pradisa M A S , Amalia S G , Hutahaean G E M 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Leather tannery industry discharged wastewater containing chromium to the nearby river. The presence of chromium in excess of the limit pollutes the environment and could harm animal and human health. In this study, we examined wetland plants i.e. Typha angustifolia L., Canna indica L. and Hydrocotyle umbellata L. for their effectiveness in remediating chromium in an artificial wetland system within nine days period. Chromium compound, K2Cr2O7, was used with a variation in concentration of 0, 10, 30 and 50 mg/L. All three plants survived until the 9th day. The plant with the highest relative growth was C. indica, whereas plants which showed highest chromium accumulation and bioconcentration factor (BCF) was H. umbellata. Chromium accumulated more in the root than in the shoot (TF <1). Plant with highest efficiency in reducing chromium in medium was T. angustifolia (99.78%) grown in 50 mg/L chromium. The efficiency of C. indica and H. umbellata were 99.67% and 86.36%, respectively. The three plants showed a good potential of phytoremediation for wastewater containing chromium.
Phytoremediation of Maninjau Lake water using Minute Duckweed (Lemna perpusilla Torr.)
Authors: Chrismadha T , Suryono T , Magfiroh M , Mardiati Y , Mulyana E 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Lake Maninjau is a tecto-volcanic lake in West Sumatra, which is currently facing eutrophication problem and urgently needs measures to be recovered. A preliminary experiment was carried out to assess the possibility of using minute duckweed (Lemna perpusilla Torr.) for healing the lake water, while also producing biomass for alternative feed. This experiment was carried out in The Unit for Technology Transfer of Lake Restoration – Indonesian Institute of Sciences, which located next to Maninjau Lake. It employed 9 plastic containers of 30X20X20 cm3 filled with lake water taken from 3 locations of different level nutrient contamination. As much as 10 g minute duckweed was put into each container and let to grow for 9 days. Observation on the plant growth and biomass productivity along with the water nutrient concentration was carried out every 3 days. At the end of experiment duckweed biomass was sampled for proximate analysis. The results shows that Maninjau Lake water supported only sub-optimal growth of the duckweed, indicated by low growth rate (ranged 8-22 %/day) as well as the biomass protein content (13-15 % DW). The duckweed, however, can eliminate up to 94% phosphate and 54% total in-organic nitrogen from the water, which also indicating that phosphorous was the limiting factor for duckweed growth in the lake.
Bacteriological analysis of Lake Toba
Authors: Melati I , Lukman  
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Lake Toba is designated as a National Tourism destination in North Sumatra. Lake Toba also used as a domestic water source for the surrounding communities, so that studies on water quality especially bacteriological condition need to be carried out. Theaims of this study was to analysis heterotrophic bacteria, E. coli, and total coliform bacteria. In addition, somephysico-chemicalparameters were also studied. Water samples were taken from ten different sampling stations from the eastern, western, northern and southern sides of Lake Toba. Heterotrophic bacteria was analyzed using the spread plate method, the total number count of E.coli and coliform were analyzed using the filtration method.The results showed that physico-chemicalparameters meet the Indonesian water quality criteria of raw materials for drinking water and recreation except the COD. None of samples conformed to Indonesian water standard for sanitation hygiene needs for E. coli densities should not exceed 0 colonies / 100 mL and the total coliform not exceed 50 colonies / 100 mL.The highload of COD, E.coli and total coliform indicated severe contamination of lake with domestic sewage and human excreta. Thus we assumed that water from Lake Toba is not safe for domestic water sources.
Effect of C/N ratio variations on Muara Karang sediment in oxidizing high concentrated ammonia and identification of nitrifying bacteria using VITEK 2
Authors: Ilham S A , Mangunwardoyo W , Ambarsari H 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Oxidation of ammonia in the environment is known as nitrification. The process itself is a two-step process which oxidizes ammonia into nitrite then nitrate. A research was conducted to study the effect of C/N ratio variations in oxidizing high concentrated ammonia (100 ppm) by the bacteria isolated from the sediments collected from Muara Karang. The variations of C/N ratio implemented in the systems were 5:1, 10:1, 15:1, and 20:1 with glucose as the carbon source and ammonium sulphate as the nitrogen source. Parameters measured during the research were ammonia and nitrate concentrations. Identification of bacteria from the sediments was performed using VITEK 2 identification kits. The results revealed a significant difference (α=0.05) in ammonia concentrations between treated groups, whilst no differences were noted in nitrate (α=0.001) concentrations. Potential nitrification bacteria from the systems were identified as Acinetobacter ursingii (88%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (99%), and Shewanellaputrefaciens (91%.)
Combined use of Enterobacter cloacae MB20 and the microelements of copper and manganese to control damping-off of tomato
Authors: Yuliar  , Kartadi S F , Salmah A 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Biocontrol activity of Enterobacter cloacae alone and in combination with copper and mangan on the suppression of tomato damping off was assessed. Rhizoctonia solani damping-off is difficult to control, since its dorman organ sclerotia survive for long periods under various environmental condition. The availability of micronutrients copper and mangan may play important roles in controlling of plant diseases. Results showed that the application of E. cloacae alone decreased damping-off of tomato significantly (P<0.05) by 85%. Combination application of E. clocae with 10μg ml−1 of CuSO4 showed the highest suppression of the disease, followed by the treatment of E. cloacae with 5μg ml−1, as high as 95% and 90% respectively, although the differences was not significant compared to other treatments. Degree of the disease suppression did not differ between application of E. cloacae alone and in combination with both concentration of MnSO4 (μg ml−1 and10μg ml−1), the disease decreased about 85%. Inoculation of R. solani alone into soil resulted significantly highest (P<0.05) of fungal population, it was about 33.7 x 103 CFU g−1 soil, and inoculation of R. solani and E. cloacae reduced significantly fungal population to about 19.0 x103 CFU g−1 soil. E. cloacae produced chitinase and protease, its chitinolytic index was about 0.84, and proteolytic index was 0.61.
Denitrification activity of isolate CD I-III in nitrate broth medium with carbon source variation and identification using VITEK-2
Authors: Auliadita R , Mangunwardoyo W , Ambarsari H 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Denitrification is a reducing process of nitrate into nitrogen gases. Bacteria are able to do this process in high nitrate and low oxygen concentration. Fresh sediment from Cideng River, Jakarta, was incubated in Nitrate Broth medium then spread on Potato Dextrose Agar. Nine isolates was grown separately and inoculated in Oxidative/Fermentative medium to determine the denitrification ability. One isolate, named Isolate CD I-III, showed a positive result of denitrification activity. This isolate was inoculated in a Nitrate Broth medium with carbon source variations for 19 days to optimize its denitrification process. Parameters measured for indicating the denitrification activity were nitrate concentrations by the Spectrophotometric method and the bacterial viability by the total plate count method. This isolate was also identified by using the VITEK-2. The result revealed that glucose and glycerol as carbon source variations gave a significant difference (α = 0,05) in nitrate concentrations, whilst there was no difference in bacterial viability. The isolate CD I-III was identified by the VITEK-2 as Escherichia hermannii with 97% probability.
The hydrolysis of carbohydrate-based local raw materials as natural sweeteners by extract powder enzyme Aspergillus awamori KT-11 from wheat bran
Authors: Melliawati R , Nuryati  , Mahmudah A F 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Aspergillus awamori KT-11 is a proven potential mold produces the amylase enzyme complex, particularly amylase and glucosidase. These enzymes hydrolyze the starch being sugar. Food and beverage industry began extensive use of liquid sugar because it has several advantages. Liquid sugar is raw materials of starch in nature Indonesia. This purpose of this research is to extract powder enzyme Aspergillus awamori KT-11 from wheat bran against 4 types of raw material-based local carbohydrate to produce natural sweetener (liquid sugar).The raw material used namely potato, breadfruit, yellow squash, and bananas. Enzyme activity produced from mold Aspergillus awamori KT-11 on wheat bran of 186,9835 U/ml, reducing sugar of 9.775 mg/ml and protein levels is 48.981 mg/ml. The sweetener from natural potato starch, breadfruit, yellow squash, and banana produces different percentages. The highest percentage of banana flour produced at 117.938 mg/ml (concentration of flour 20%, enzyme 15% and incubation time for 3 days ) and lowest on yellow squash (6.563 mg/ml). The result shows that TLC from potato flour, breadfruit and bananas are produced of glucose and lactose, is from flour yellow squash generated fructose.
Expression of gene encoding raw starch digesting α -amylase (Amyl III) in Escherichia coli
Authors: Anindyawati T 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Amylase generally known as an industrial enzyme that hydrolyzes starch and glycogen. The α-amylase hydrolyzes α-1,4 glycosidic linkage that acts on raw starch. This reaction is very important for direct starch processing for alcohol fermentation and functional oligosaccharide or food additives development. Amyl III gene was isolated from Aspergillus awamori KT-11 and inserted into pDONR 201 as entry clone. The recombinant construct was subcloned into pDEST 17 plasmid as the expression vector and into E. coli BL21AI cells. The objective of this study was to optimize induction temperatures in the expression process and to know the ability of recombinant Amyl III to hydrolyze raw starch. The expression study of Amyl III was performed using LB medium at 27°C and 37°C. Purification was done using affinity chromatography (His Tag) with 100 mM imidazole. Protein analysis was done using 7.5% of SDS-PAGE gel. Digestion on soluble starch and raw waxy maize starch by Amyl III was performed using TLC plate. The results show that the best protein expression was obtained by incubation at 27°C. Digestion on those starch by using recombinant Amyl III resulted in the production of malto-tetraose, -pentaose, -hexaose and -heptaose.
Potential plant as a natural dyes in Toba Lake, North Sumatra
Authors: Djarwaningsih T 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Ulos is a woven fabric widely used by Batak tribe in North Sumatra., which is a source of warmth both and physically. In ancient times to complete the work of ulos woven fabrics, craftsmen use yarn with natural dye whose source comes from plant, shrubs and other ingredients. Natural dyes are very important in the textile industry, especially the more pro-environment and prevent skin allergies for the consumer. Natural dyes are non-toxic, easy decompose, environmentally friendly, renewable. The rise of ulos fabric manufacturers with chemical dyes in some areas around Lake Toba, North Sumatra, has increasingly marginalized the original ulos craftsmen, who still maintain natural dyes. The research was conducted by inventory at selected locations, interview and detection of natural plant dyes. The purpose of this research is to obtain new information, data related to natural dyes, and the addition of information other ingredients which potential as a natural dye especially of ulos in Toba lake area, North Sumatra. Based on the observation results in several locations in Toba lake area, has been found 18 plants species and four other ingredients that have the potential as natural dyes of ulos.
Screening of antimicrobial and toxicity activity of endophytic bacteria associated with Curcuma Zedoaria
Authors: Sulistiyani T R , Lisdiyanti P , Lestari Y 
Published: September 2019

AbstractIndonesian has been usedCurcuma zedoariaas a herbal in cancer treatment. The bioactive compounds contained in the medicinal plants are products by the plant itself or by endophytes living inside the plant. Zebrafish has been used for the study in several areas of cancer research, including angiogenesis, metastasis, antitumor drug screening, and toxicity. This study was to investigate the antimicrobial and toxicity activity of secondary metabolite from endophytic bacteria isolated fromC. zedoaria. Endophytic isolates were screened for antimicrobial activities against six microbial pathogensBacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Candida albicans, andSacharomyces cerevisiae. Four of endophytic bacteria showed antimicrobial activity were tested in toxic compound producing through Fish Embryo Toxicity (FET) test using zebrafish. The results indicated that from 73 selected isolates, 16 isolates (21.92%) showed antimicrobial activities against at least one of the test organisms. Four of endophytic bacteria that showed high antimicrobial activities, were identified asCitrobacter freundii, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas otitidis, andBurkholderia cenocepacia. FET test of ethyl acetate extracts from the four those selected isolates revealed that they had LC50values 63.5; 24.7; 13.4; and 12.6 ppm, respectively. These result showed that the highest toxicity was obtained fromB. cenocepaciaextract.
Antihypertension Activity of Cymbopogon nardus (L.) Rendle as an Aromatherapy Candle Material at Community Health Center Kapuk II West Jakarta, Indonesia
Authors: Yelfi A , Napitupulu T P , Meliana D U 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The utilization of natural materials is likely to increase nowadays, including for aromatherapy purposes. In this research, aromatherapy candle had been made from the volatile oil of Cymbopogon nardus (L.) Rendle (citronella grass). The aims of this research is to observe the influence of aromatherapy candle containing citronella grass oil toward the blood pressure of hypertension patients at Community Health Center Kapuk II Jakarta, Indonesia. This research used pre-experiment design with one group pretest-posttest design. The population was elderly who had high blood pressure. A sample of 43 peoples were obtained by simple random sampling technique. Data analysis was done by t-dependent test (paired t-Test) with significance value α = 0,05. The result of paired t-Test from pretest and posttest of systole blood pressure was obtained with P value 0,000 and paired t-test from pretest and posttest of diastolic blood pressure was obtained with P value 0,012. It can be concluded that there was an influence of aromatherapy candles of Cymbopogon nardus (L) Rendle toward lowering blood pressure in hypertension patient at Puskesmas Kapuk II Jakarta Indonesia.
The role of indigenous Rhizobia on Paraserianthes falcataria (L) Nielsen seedlings in nickel post mining lands
Authors: Sari R , Prayudyaningsih R 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Application of indigenous Rhizobia on degraded land reclamation, especially post mining land allegedly can promote plant growth and development.. The research was to determine effectiveness of indigenous Rhizobia isolates from nickel post mining land to the growth of P. falcataria (L) Nielsen seedlings. Three types of native Rhizobia isolates (R1, R2, R3) and their combination (R4, R5, R6, R7) were applied as treatments in randomized completely design. All data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Kruskal Walis. Significant differences between treatments were analyzed using Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) and Mann Whitney. The result showed most of growth variables of seedlings was not significantly influenced by Rhizobia inoculation, except stem diameter and biomass. This research also indicated correlation between N content in plant tissue with number of nodules, diameter and biomass although not significant. Single inoculation of Rhizobia did not show optimal results on P. falcataria (L) Nielsen seedlings so double inoculation using other potential microbes or input organic fertilizers at certain levels allegedly can increase the potential of Rhizobia on plants, especially in nickel post mining reclamation.
Production of indole acetic acid by Enterobacter cloacea H3 isolated from Mungbean (Vigna radiata) and its potential supporting the growth of soybean seedling
Authors: Widowati T , Nuriyanah  , Sukiman H 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Many plant-associated bacteria synthesize the phytohormone indole acetic acid (IAA). Three bacterial isolates (H1, H2 and H3) were isolated from root nodules of Mungbean (Vigna radiata) and tested for their productivity of indole acetic acid by spectrophotometric method. Isolate H3 showed the highest IAA production (12.28 μg/ml) in culture medium supplemented with L-Tryptophan. Based on 16S rRNA gene analysis, isolate H3 was identified as Enterobacter cloacae. The cultures condition optimized for maximum IAA production by using different pH and tryptophan concentrations. IAA production of isolate H3 was maximum at pH 6 and 5 mg/ml of tryptophan concentration. The highest IAA producing isolate selected for determining its capability and compatibility to support the germination of soybean. The results showed that germination percentage and rate of soybean were not significantly different between control and isolate H3 treatment.