bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparação da Fidelidade da Cor de Cerâmicas quando comparadas com as suas respectivas Escalas
Authors: Goyatá Frederico dos Reis , Moreno Amália , De Aguiar Amanda Nascimento , Barreiros Ivan Doche , Moreira lanza Célia Regina , Talma Elissa , Cortes Segura Maria Esperanza , Novaes Júnior João Batista 
Published: March 2019

Introdução: As cerâmicas dentárias são consideradas os materiais de escolha para a confecção de facetas e coroas protéticas em dentes anteriores e posteriores e apresentam características estéticas e biomecânicas semelhantes aos tecidos dentais além de reproduzir com maior fidelidade a cor dos dentes. A etapa clínica da seleção de cor dos dentes do paciente, para posterior confecção da prótese pelo TPD, determina o resultado estético das coroas protéticas em cerâmica.Objetivo: Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a fidelidade da cor de diferentes cerâmicas feldspáticas: Porcelain EX-3 (Noritake, Japão), StarLight (Dentsply, Brasil) e HeramCeram (Heraeus, Alemanha) com as respectivas escalas de cor: Shade Guide (Noritake, Japão), Vita Clássica (Vita, Alemanha) e Pala (Heraeus, Alemanha).Metodologia: Foram confeccionadas facetas cerâmicas reproduzindo os aspectos estéticos (forma, matiz, croma e valor) padronizadas no momento da estratificação e aplicação laboratorial da cerâmica.Resultados: As facetas confeccionadas após a determinação da cor foram comparadas à escala original do fabricante de cada cerâmica e apresentaram grandes diferenças nos aspectos estéticos avaliados, ratificando a importância do conhecimento das cerâmicas e tipo de escala utilizada.Conclusão: A falta do conhecimento no momento da seleção da cor influencia no registro e mapeamento da cor dos dentes que serão reabilitados pelo cirurgião dentista, podendo levar a insucessos na transmissão de informação com o laboratório de Prótese.
O ensino de Química na construção de um futuro sustentável: princípios da Química Verde e questões curriculares
Authors: De Sousa Alessandra Carvalho , Da Silva Cristina Emanuelly 
Published: March 2019

<p>This study presents the results of a scientific initiation research that provided greater theoretical and methodological development on the teaching of Chemistry to promote sustainability. This proposal is related to discussions that are taking place worldwide about the Sustainable Development Goals (2030 Agenda). The research aimed at analyzing the pedagogical adequacy of the Green Chemistry principles in the curriculum and curricular practices of the Chemistry Undergraduate Course of IFRN, at the Campus of Apodi (RN/Brazil). This is a qualitative study that fostered a holistic comprehension about the incorporation of the Green Chemistry principles in the curriculum and the appropriation of specific concepts about this theme. It was done through contents analysis of the main curricular documents of the course and through semi structured interviews that were carried out with the professors of the specific subjects of the course. The analysis of the data indicated the lack of a theoretical and methodological background on Chemistry teaching to promote sustainability on the Pedagogical Project of the Undergraduate Course in Chemistry; the incorporation of Green Chemistry on the course’s syllabuses was not present as well, nor in an explicit or implicit way. Thus, we hope this research can become a reference when thinking about teaching in different fields of study, through an interdisciplinary practice of the contents that each Green Chemistry principle discusses. </p>
The efficacy of group counselling on perceived stress among infertile women undergoing in vitro fertilization treatment: An RCT
Authors: Hamzehgardeshi Zeinab , Yazdani Fereshteh , Elyasi Forouzan , Moosazadeh Mahmood , Peyvandi Sepideh , Samadaee Gelehkolaee Keshvar , Shahidi Maryam 
Published: March 2019

Background: One of the stressful and critical experiences that threat the individual, family, marital, and social stability is infertility.
Objective: To identify the effects of midwifery-led counselling programs on the perceived stress of the women undergoing assisted reproductive treatment.
Materials and Methods: In this randomized clinical trial, 50 infertile women who underwent in vitro fertilization treatment for the first time were enrolled in two groups. The intervention group received six sessions of group counselling by M.Sc. midwifery of counseling student and the control group received only the routine care. All participants filled Newton’s standard questionnaire before and at the time of puncture, embryo transfer and the pregnancy test.
Results: The mean ± SD scores for the perceived infertility stress before the intervention in the control and the intervention groups were 167.92 ± 12.14 and 166.75 ± 13.27, respectively. The mean of perceived stress after intervention at the time of oocyte puncture in the control and case group were 177.12 ± 19.37 and 115.75 ± 13.88, at the time of embryo transfer were 179.40 ± 18.34 and 118.08 ± 15.37, and at the time of pregnancy test was 183.76 ± 14.97 and 120.50 ± 16.24, respectively. The perceived stress of infertility after intervention were statistically significant in the two groups (p ≤ 0.001).
Conclusion: Group counselling is one of the effective methods for reducing the perceived stress in women undergoing assisted reproductive treatment.
Key words: Infertility, Group counselling, Perceived infertility stress.
Secondary school students’ knowledge on risk factors for
cardiovascular diseases
Authors: Mazanek Agnieszka , Dąbek Józefa , Głogowska-Ligus Joanna , Gąsior Zbigniew 
Published: March 2019

WstępChoroby układu krążenia stanowią najczęstszą przyczynę zgonów, częstszą nawet niż choroby nowotworowe. W ich rozwoju istotne znaczenie mają zarówno modyfikowalne, jak i niemodyfikowalne czynniki ryzyka.Materiał i metodyBadaniem objęto 200 uczniów (137 dziewcząt i 63 chłopców) szkół licealnych w wieku 16–19 lat. Badanie przeprowadzono za pomocą autorskiego kwestionariusza ankiety.WynikiZdecydowana większość badanych (187; 93,5%) jako modyfikowalne czynniki ryzyka poprawnie wskazała otyłość, hipercholesterolemię i palenie tytoniu. Prawie połowa badanych (96; 48%) na podstawie obwodu pasa potrafiła rozpoznać otyłość brzuszną, a zdecydowana większość (157; 78,5%) poprawnie zaznaczyła zakres BMI (<i>body mass index</i>) dla prawidłowej masy ciała. Większość ankietowanych (136; 68%) wiedziała, czym jest miażdżyca, jakie są konsekwencje nadmiernego spożywania soli (158; 79%), posiłków typu fast food (184; 92%) oraz alkoholu (139; 69,5%). Zdecydowanie mniej ankietowanych (63; 31,5%) prawidłowo wskazało źródła cholesterolu w pokarmach oraz poprawnie zdefiniowało pojęcia HDL (72; 36%) i BMI (73; 36,5%).WnioskiWiedza uczniów szkół licealnych na temat czynników ryzyka chorób układu krążenia jest niepełna. Konieczne jest prowadzenie działalności w zakresie oświaty zdrowotnej, mającej na celu zmniejszenie rozpowszechnienia czynników ryzyka już w młodym wieku i/lub ich eliminację, a w konsekwencji zapobieganie rozwojowi i progresji chorób układu krążenia.
An International Comparison of Midwifery Models of Care in the United Kingdom and New Zealand That Promote Relationship Building With Women and Its Influence on Women's Decision Making for Birth
Authors: Lewis Marie 
Published: March 2019

Following a successful application for a Florence Nightingale Foundation travel scholarship, I completed an observation visit to New Zealand to explore its model of midwifery care. My focus consisted of three main elements: exploration at a clinical level and lessons we can learn to improve our clinical model of continuity; exploration at a strategic level to learn lessons about sustainability of continuity models, monitoring, and regulation; and exploration at the researcher level to explore research priorities and interests and to consider topics for further research and potential collaboration. The purpose of this article is to share my personal reflections on this experience.The New Zealand model is based on a philosophy of trust in both women as consumers and midwives as skilled professionals. At all levels there is a commitment to the value of autonomy and a feeling of safety in people holding the responsibility for their decisions. In New Zealand, despite a full commitment to continuity and partnership when working with women, the decisions women were making were not necessarily reflective of an increase in normality. To maximize benefit from lessons learned in practice, it seems prudent to work together internationally on improvement, innovation, and research.
Finding the Optimal Regimen for Oral Tranexamic Acid Administration in Primary Total Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: Wang Duan , Wang Hao-Yang , Luo Ze-Yu , Pei Fu-Xing , Zhou Zong-Ke , Zeng Wei-Nan 
Published: March 2019

Background:
Previous studies have confirmed that, compared with intravenous and intra-articular formulations, oral tranexamic acid (TXA) provides equivalent reduction in blood loss, at a substantially reduced cost and greater ease of administration. However, the optimal oral dosage regimen to achieve maximum blood-loss reduction remains unclear. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of a regimen of multiple doses of oral TXA on blood loss in primary total hip arthroplasty.

Methods:
In this randomized controlled trial, 200 patients were randomized to 1 of 4 interventions. Group A received a single dose of 2.0 g of TXA orally at 2 hours preoperatively. In addition to this same preoperative dose, Group B received 1.0 g of TXA orally at 3 hours postoperatively, Group C received 1.0 g of TXA orally at 3 and 9 hours postoperatively, and Group D received 1.0 g of TXA orally at 3, 9, and 15 hours postoperatively. All patients received a 1.0-g topical dose of TXA. The primary outcome was total blood loss. Secondary outcomes included hemoglobin reduction, transfusion rate, thromboembolic complications, and adverse events.

Results:
The mean total blood loss (and standard deviation) was significantly less in Groups B, C, and D (792.2 ± 293.0, 630.8 ± 229.9, and 553.0 ± 186.1 mL, respectively) than in Group A (983.6 ± 286.7 mL) (p < 0.001). Moreover, Groups C and D had a lower mean reduction in hemoglobin than did Groups A and B. However, no differences were identified between Groups C and D for blood loss and hemoglobin reduction. Additionally, no differences were observed among the groups regarding thromboembolic complications and transfusions.

Conclusions:
The multiple postoperative doses of oral TXA further reduced blood loss compared with a single preoperative bolus. The regimen of a preoperative dose and 3 postoperative doses of oral TXA produced maximum effective reduction of blood loss in total hip arthroplasty.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level I. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
The Role of Periarticular Soft Tissues in Persistent Motion Loss in a Rat Model of Posttraumatic Elbow Contracture
Authors: Dunham Chelsey L. , Castile Ryan M. , Chamberlain Aaron M. , Lake Spencer P. 
Published: March 2019

Background:
Elbow injuries disrupt the surrounding periarticular soft tissues, which include the muscles, tendons, capsule, ligaments, and cartilage. Damage to these tissues as a result of elbow trauma causes clinically significant contracture in 50% of patients. However, it is unclear which of these tissues is primarily responsible for the decreased range of motion. We hypothesized that all tissues would substantially contribute to elbow contracture after immobilization, but only the capsule, ligaments, and cartilage would contribute after free mobilization, with the capsule as the primary contributor at all time points.

Methods:
Utilizing a rat model of posttraumatic elbow contracture, a unilateral soft-tissue injury was surgically induced to replicate the damage that commonly occurs during elbow joint dislocation. After surgery, the injured limb was immobilized for 42 days. Animals were evaluated after either 42 days of immobilization (42 IM) or 42 days of immobilization with an additional 21 or 42 days of free mobilization (42/21 or 42/42 IM-FM). For each group of animals, elbow mechanical testing in flexion-extension was completed post-mortem with (1) all soft tissues intact, (2) muscles/tendons removed, and (3) muscle/tendons and anterior capsule removed. Total extension was assessed to determine the relative contributions of muscles/tendons, capsule, and the remaining intact tissues (i.e., ligaments and cartilage).

Results:
After immobilization, the muscles/tendons and anterior capsule contributed 10% and 90% to elbow contracture, respectively. After each free mobilization period, the muscles/tendons did not significantly contribute to contracture. The capsule and ligaments/cartilage were responsible for 47% and 52% of the motion lost at 42/21 IM-FM, respectively, and 26% and 74% at 42/42 IM-FM, respectively.

Conclusions:
Overall, data demonstrated a time-dependent response of periarticular tissue contribution to elbow contracture, with the capsule, ligaments, and cartilage as the primary long-term contributors.

Clinical Relevance:
The capsule, ligaments, and cartilage were primarily responsible for persistent motion loss and should be considered during development of tissue-targeted treatment strategies to inhibit elbow contracture following injury.
Perioperative Antibiotic Prophylaxis in Total Joint Arthroplasty
Authors: Tan Timothy L. , Shohat Noam , Rondon Alexander J. , Foltz Carol , Goswami Karan , Ryan Sean P. , Seyler Thorsten M. , Parvizi Javad 
Published: March 2019

Background:
Recent surgical site infection prevention guidelines recommend that no additional prophylactic antibiotics be administered after the surgical incision is closed in clean-contaminated procedures. Although there is ample evidence to support this recommendation in non-arthroplasty surgery, there is concern about extending these guidelines to surgical procedures with an implant such as total joint arthroplasty (TJA). The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of a single dose of prophylactic antibiotics with that of multiple doses of antibiotics for prevention of periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) in patients undergoing TJA.

Methods:
A retrospective study of 20,682 primary TJAs carried out from 2006 to 2017 was performed. Patients who received a single dose of prophylactic antibiotics (n = 4,523) were compared with patients who received multiple doses of antibiotics (n = 16,159). A previously validated PJI risk score was assigned to each patient. Patients who developed PJI within 1 year were identified, and a multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to control for potential confounders. Analyses using propensity score matching and regression adjustment were also performed.

Results:
The overall PJI rate was 0.60% (27 of 4,523) for patients who received a single dose of antibiotics compared with 0.88% (142 of 16,159) for those who received multiple doses. There was no difference in the PJI rate between patients who received a single dose of antibiotics and those who received multiple doses in the univariate (adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 0.674, p = 0.064), multivariate (OR = 0.755, p = 0.205), or propensity score matched analysis (OR = 0.746, p = 0.277). Furthermore, multiple doses did not demonstrate any additional benefit for patients with a high preoperative risk of PJI (p = 0.136).

Conclusions:
This study supports the notion that the administration of additional antibiotics following skin closure may not be required for primary TJA, regardless of the patient’s preoperative risk of PJI. The findings of this large retrospective study highlight the need for a randomized, prospective study on which to base guidelines.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Usually, Selectively, or Rarely Resurfacing the Patella During Primary Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Maney Alistair J. , Koh Chuan K. , Frampton Christopher M. , Young Simon W. 
Published: March 2019

Background:
Surgeons may “usually” resurface the patella during total knee arthroplasty (TKA), “rarely” resurface, or “selectively” resurface on the basis of certain criteria. It is unknown which of these 3 strategies yields superior outcomes. Utilizing New Zealand Joint Registry data, we investigated (1) what proportion of surgeons employs each of the 3 patellar resurfacing strategies, (2) which strategy is associated with the lowest overall revision rate, and (3) which strategy is associated with the highest 6-month and 5-year Oxford Knee Score (OKS).

Methods:
Two hundred and three surgeons who performed a total of 57,766 primary TKAs from 1999 to 2015 were categorized into the 3 surgeon strategies on the basis of how often they resurfaced the patella during primary total knee arthroplasty; with “rarely” defined as <10% of the time, “selectively” as ≥10% to ≤90%, and “usually” as >90%. For each strategy, the cumulative incidence of all-cause revision was calculated and utilized to construct Kaplan-Meier survival curves. The mean 6-month and 5-year postoperative OKS for each group were utilized for comparison.

Results:
Overall, 57% of surgeons selectively resurfaced, 37% rarely resurfaced, and 7% usually resurfaced. The usually resurfacing group was associated with the highest mean OKS at both 6 months (38.57; p < 0.001) and 5 years postoperatively (41.34; p = 0.029), followed by the selectively resurfacing group (6-month OKS, 37.79; 5-year OKS, 40.87) and the rarely resurfacing group (6-month OKS, 36.92; 5-year OKS, 40.02). Overall, there was no difference in the revision rate per 100 component years among the rarely (0.46), selectively (0.52), or usually (0.46) resurfacing groups (p = 0.587). Posterior-stabilized TKAs that were performed by surgeons who selectively resurfaced had a lower revision rate (0.54) than those by surgeons who usually resurfaced (0.64) or rarely resurfaced (0.74; p < 0.001).

Conclusions:
Usually resurfacing the patella was associated with improved patient-reported outcomes, but there was no difference in overall revision rates among the 3 strategies.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Autophagy Involvement in Aseptic Loosening of Arthroplasty Components
Authors: Camuzard Olivier , Breuil Véronique , Carle Georges F. , Pierrefite-Carle Valérie 
Published: March 2019

➤ Aseptic loosening, the most common cause of arthroplasty component failure, is due to implant wear and subsequent release of biomaterial wear particles to the bone microenvironment, leading to a chronic inflammatory response.➤ Autophagy, a cell-cleaning process allowing the degradation of damaged material, can be upregulated in response to various stresses in which it acts primarily as a survival mechanism. In addition to the classic role of autophagy in the degradation pathway, autophagy can be involved in some secretion processes.➤ Autophagy seems to be triggered by the presence of wear debris in the 3 main cell types involved in aseptic loosening, i.e., osteocytes, osteoblasts, and macrophages.➤ Autophagy can mediate the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 or the danger signal protein HMGB1 (high mobility group box 1). All of these proteins have been implicated in the pathogenesis of aseptic loosening.➤ Recent studies using animal models have demonstrated that autophagy inhibition can decrease the severity of osteolysis, suggesting that transient and local autophagy modulation could be a potential therapeutic option to prevent wear debris-induced osteolysis.
Polyethylene Liner and Femoral Head Exchange in Total Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: Petis Stephen M. , Kubista Bernd , Hartzler Robert U. , Abdel Matthew P. , Berry Daniel J. 
Published: March 2019

Background:
Polyethylene (PE) liner and femoral head exchange is commonly used to treat periprosthetic osteolysis associated with PE wear after total hip arthroplasty (THA). The purpose of our study was to determine long-term implant survivorship, risk factors for mechanical failure, clinical outcomes, and complications following PE liner and head exchange.

Methods:
We identified 116 hips in 110 patients treated with PE liner and head exchange from 1993 to 2004. There were 64 women (58%) in the series, the mean age at revision surgery was 58 years, and the mean follow-up was 11 years (range, 2 to 23 years). Radiographic review determined the location and size of osteolytic defects before the revision surgery. Implant survivorship was determined using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. Cox regression analysis was used to determine factors that were predictive of failure.

Results:
Implant survivorship free of repeat revision for any cause was 91% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 86% to 96%) at 5 years, 81% (95% CI = 74% to 90%) at 10 years, and 69% (95% CI = 55% to 84%) at 15 years. Reasons for repeat revision included aseptic acetabular loosening in 5 hips (4%) and subsequent wear of conventional PE with osteolysis in 5 hips (4%). No patient who underwent revision with highly cross-linked PE subsequently had a repeat revision due to wear. The absolute risk of acetabular component loosening was 23% for patients with osteolysis in 3 zones, 40% for those with osteolysis involving more than half the cup circumference, and 21% for those with osteolytic defects of >600 mm2. The mean Harris hip score improved from 77 before the PE liner and head exchange to 87 after it (p < 0.001). The most common complication was dislocation, which occurred in 19 hips (16%).

Conclusions:
PE liner and head exchange provides acceptable long-term implant survivorship with good clinical outcomes. Complications are not uncommon, and steps should be taken to mitigate hip instability. Acetabular revision may be considered when in situ components have a poor track record or are malpositioned, or when preoperative radiographs demonstrate large osteolytic defects threatening cup fixation. Use of highly cross-linked PE at revision was protective against subsequent PE wear and osteolysis, although this did not reach significance.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.