bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nutritive diet becomes unhealthy if taken in a wrong ratio: Scientific validation of Ayurvedic concept of “incompatible diet” (Virrudh Aahar)
Authors: Aditi Prerana , Srivastva Shivani , pandey Harsh , Tripathi Y.B. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractHoney and ghee is an important constituent of our diet. Honey contain about 200 components in its which play an important role as antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, wound healing and sunburn, etc. Ghee has also many essential constituents such as phospholipids, PUFA, fat- soluble vitamins, etc. It is mention in Charak Samhita that equal ratio of honey and ghee when taken in food become toxic to health. This study was designed to explore the mechanism of toxicity through the biochemical and histological parameter. For this study, 24 Charles foster rats were taken and divided into four groups (n=6) normal, honey, ghee, and honey+ghee (1:1). After 60 days rats were sacrificed. Weight loss, Hair loss and red patches on ear were found on honey+ghee fed rats. LFT, amadori test, AGE, UV, glucose, DPP-4 and LPO were found significantly increased in honey+ghee group. SOD, Catalase, GSH, ABTS+, GLP-1, GIP-1, ACB and HB were found significantly decreased in honey+ghee group. No changes were found in RFT. H&E show normal morphology in kidney, intestine, and pancreas but mild inflammation was found in liver tissue. We conclude that the equal mixture of honey and ghee shows toxic effect. Increased formation of hydroxymethyl furfural, amadori product, DPP-4 activity and low incretins (GLP-1, GIP-1) activity resulting high postprandial hyperglycemic response are collectively responsible for oxidative stress-mediated toxicity of the mixture of honey and ghee in equal ratio.
Investigation on cohesive zone model of bolted joint for water conveyance tunnel lining
Authors: Li Bingqi , Zhang Zhenyu , Wang Xiaogang , Liu Xiaonan 
Published: July 2019

Purpose
The behavior of joints has a significant effect on the stability of water conveyance tunnel. The purpose of this paper is to study the contact and friction at the joint of the tunneling segment lining and establish its contact friction model. At the same time, the stress and deformation characteristics at the joint of the segment under hydrostatic load are analyzed.

Design/methodology/approach
In this study, the contact and friction in a bolted joint are examined using shear testing. The feasibility of the proposed model is verified by a numerical simulation of tests and a theoretical analysis. Accordingly, the effect of joints on the lining is explored under internal hydrostatic loading.

Findings
The results show that the openings of tunnel segments in joints gradually expand from the positions of the inner and outer edges to the location of the bolt. Moreover, the stress concentration zone is formed at the bolt. Under hydraulic loading, the opening displacement at the joint increases as the water pressure increases; nevertheless, it does not exceed engineering requirements. When the water pressure of the tunnel lining joint reaches 0.5 MPa, the opening of the joint slowly increases. When the water pressure exceeds 0.7 MPa, the opening of the joint rapidly and significantly increases.

Originality/value
Contact and friction in a bolted joint were examined using shear testing. A cohesive zone model of bolted joints was proposed based on test results. The influence of joint behavior on the stability of water conveyance tunnel was studied.
Analysis for center deviation of circular target under perspective projection
Authors: Sun Yu 
Published: July 2019

Purpose
Accurate feature localization is a fundamental problem in computer vision and visual measurement. In a perspective projection model of the camera, the projected center of a spatial circle and the center of the projection ellipse are not identical. This paper aims to show how to locate the real projection center precisely in the perspective projection of a space circle target.

Design/methodology/approach
By analyzing the center deviation caused by projection transformation, a novel method is presented to precisely locate the real projection center of a space circle using projective geometry. Solution distribution of the center deviation is analyzed, and the quadratic equation for determining the deviation is derived by locating vanishing points. Finally, the actual projected center of the circular target is achieved by solving the deviation quadratic equations.

Findings
The procedures of the author’s method are simple and easy to implement. Experimental data calculated that maximum deviation occurs at approximately between 3π/10 and 2π/5 of the angle between the projection surface and the space target plane. The absolute reduction in error is about 0.03 pixels; hence, it is very significant for a high-accuracy solution of the position of the space circle target by minimizing systematic measurement error of the perspective projection.

Originality/value
The center deviation caused by the space circle projection transformation is analyzed, and the detailed algorithm steps to locate the real projection center precisely are described.
Corporate incubators as knowledge brokers between business units and ventures
Authors: Kötting Michael 
Published: July 2019

Purpose
Through digitization and globalization, corporate incubators have gained new relevance as tool to foster innovation within established companies. Although many studies address business incubators in general, the specifics of corporate incubators are often neglected in the literature. The paper aims to discuss this issue.

Design/methodology/approach
The author systematically reviewed academic articles regarding corporate incubation, published in peer-reviewed journals. In the course of a subsequent analysis, open questions for further research were identified and addressed.

Findings
Corporate incubators differ significantly from business incubators. Based on an analysis of 45 academic papers, the main features of corporate incubators have been identified and addressed.

Originality/value
The present work suggests that it is one of the first that systematically analyze the literature on corporate incubation. Based on the literature review, a holistic framework was constructed that highlights the different elements of corporate incubation and also considers the incubator as knowledge broker between business units and ventures.
Relationship between gray directors and executive compensation in Indian firms
Authors: Prasad Krishna , Sankaran K. , Prabhu Nandan 
Published: July 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the empirical relationship between gray directors (non-executive non-independent directors) and executive compensation among companies listed in India’s National Stock Exchange (NSE). The paper also examines the possible interplay of relationships between controlling shareholder duality (controlling shareholder being the CEO), ownership category and executive compensation.Design/methodology/approachA sample of 438 firms listed in the NSE of India was studied using data spanning five financial years, 2012–2013 to 2016–2017.FindingsEmpirical evidence suggests that there is a positive association between the proportion of gray directors on the board and executive compensation. The sensitivity of executive compensation to gray directors is found to be higher among family controlled firms. This research has also found that CEOs who belong to controlling shareholder groups received higher pay than professional CEOs. The authors conjecture that these results suggest cronyism and may contribute to lower levels of corporate governance practices in the country.Research limitations/implicationsThe hybrid board structure, which India has adopted with the desire to bring the best of Anglo Saxon and Japanese board philosophies, has paradoxically led to self-serving boards. Exploration of alternative thinking to bring about changes in the regulatory framework is, therefore, necessary.Originality/valueSerious problems are identified with the philosophy behind board composition mandated by Listing Requirements for Indian firms with empirical evidence showing how the existing rules generate cronyism and unfairness to minority shareholders.
Numerical simulation of water/alumina nanofluid mixed convection in square lid-driven cavity
Authors: Toghraie Davood , Shirani Ehsan 
Published: July 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the mixed convection of a two-phase water–aluminum oxide nanofluid in a cavity under a uniform magnetic field.

Design/methodology/approach
The upper wall of the cavity is cold and the lower wall is warm. The effects of different values of Richardson number, Hartmann number, cavitation length and solid nanoparticles concentration on the flow and temperature field and heat transfer rate were evaluated. In this paper, the heat flux was assumed to be constant of 10 (W/m2) and the Reynolds number was assumed to be constant of 300 and the Hartmann number and the volume fraction of solid nanoparticles varied from 0 to 60 and 0 to 0.06, respectively. The Richardson number was considered to be 0.1, 1 and 5. Aspect ratios were 1, 1.5 and 2.

Findings
Comparison of the results of this paper with the results of the numerical and experimental studies of other researchers showed a good correlation. The results were presented in the form of velocity and temperature profiles, stream and isotherm lines and Nusselt numbers. The results showed that by increasing the Hartmann number, the heat transfer rate decreases. An increase from 0 to 20 in Hartmann number results in a 20 per cent decrease in Nusselt numbers, and by increasing the Hartmann number from 20 to 40, a 16 per cent decrease is observed in Nusselt number. Accordingly, it is inferred that by increasing the Hartmann number, the reduction in the Nusselt number is decreased. As the Richardson number increased, the heat transfer rate and, consequently, the Nusselt number increased. Therefore, an increase in the Richardson number results in an increase of the Nusselt number, that is, an increase in Richardson number from 0.1 to 1 and from 1 to 5 results in 37 and 47 per cent increase in Nusselt number, respectively.

Originality/value
Even though there have been numerous investigations conducted on convection in cavities under various configurations and boundary conditions, relatively few studies are conducted for the case of nanofluid mixed convection in square lid-driven cavity under the effect of magnetic field using two-phase model.
A boundary determination problem in steady-state heat conduction – a solution and sensitivity analysis
Authors: Hożejowski Leszek 
Published: July 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to propose a numerical procedure for discrete identification of the missing part of the domain boundary in a heat conduction problem. A new approach to sensitivity analysis is intended to give a better understanding of the influence of measurement error on boundary reconstruction.

Design/methodology/approach
The solution of Laplace’s equation is obtained using the Trefftz method, and then each of the sought boundary points can be derived numerically from a nonlinear equation. The sensitivity analysis comes down to the analytical evaluation of a sensitivity factor.

Findings
The proposed method very accurately recovers the unknown boundary, including irregular shapes. Even a very large number of the boundary points can be determined without causing computational problems. The sensitivity factor provides quantitative assessment of the relationship between the temperature measurement errors and boundary identification errors. The numerical examples show that some boundary reconstruction problems are error-sensitive by nature but such problems can be recognized with the use of a sensitive factor.

Originality/value
The present approach based on the Trefftz method separates, in terms of computation, specification of the coefficients appearing in the Trefftz method and missing coordinates of the sought boundary points. Due to introducing a sensitivity factor, a more profound sensitivity analysis was successfully conducted.
Heat flow model based on lattice Boltzmann method for modeling of heat transfer during phase transformation
Authors: Łach Łukasz , Svyetlichnyy Dmytro , Straka Robert 
Published: July 2019

Purpose
A fundamental principle of materials engineering is that the microstructure of a material controls the properties. The phase transformation is an important phenomenon that determines the final microstructure. Recently, many analytical and numerical methods were used for modeling of phase transformation, but some limitations can be seen in relation to the choice of the shape of growing grains, introduction of varying grain growth rate and modeling of diffusion phenomena. There are also only few comprehensive studies that combine the final microstructure with the actual conditions of its formation. Therefore, the objective of the work is a development of a new hybrid model based on lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) and cellular automata (CA) for modeling of the diffusional phase transformations. The model has a modular structure and simulates three basic phenomena: carbon diffusion, heat flow and phase transformation. The purpose of this study is to develop a model of heat flow with consideration of enthalpy of transformation as one of the most important parts of the proposed new hybrid model. This is one of the stages in the development of the complex model, and the obtained results will be used in a combined solution of heat flow and carbon diffusion during the modeling of diffusion phase transformations.

Design/methodology/approach
Different values of overheating/overcooling affect different values in the enthalpy of transformation and thus the rate of transformation. CA and LBM are used in the hybrid model in part related to heat flow. LBM is used for modeling of heat flow, while CA is used for modeling of the microstructure evolution during the phase transformation.

Findings
The use of LBM and CA in one numerical solution creates completely new possibilities for modeling of phase transformations. CA and LBM in comparison with commonly used approaches significantly simplify interface and interaction between different parts of the model, which operates in a common domain. The CA can be used practically for all possible processes that consist of nucleation and grains growth. The advantages of the LBM method can be well used for the simulation of heat flow during the transformation, which is confirmed by numerical results.

Practical implications
The developed heat flow model will be combined with the carbon diffusion model at the next stage of work, and the new complex hybrid model at the final stage will provide new solutions in numerical simulation of phase transformations and will allow comprehensive modeling of the diffusional phase transformations in many processes. Heating, annealing and cooling can be considered.

Originality/value
The paper presents the developed model of heat flow (temperature module), which is one of the main parts of the new hybrid model devoted to modeling of phase transformation. The model takes into account the enthalpy of transformation, and the connection with the model of microstructure evolution was obtained.
Lattice Boltzmann simulation of convective flow and heat transfer in a nanofluid-filled hollow cavity
Authors: Pu Qiang , Aalizadeh Farhad , Aghamolaei Darya , Masoumnezhad Mojtaba , Rahimi Alireza , Kasaeipoor Abbas 
Published: July 2019

Purpose
This paper aims to to simulate the flow and heat transfer during free convection in a square cavity using double-multi-relaxation time (MRT) lattice Boltzmann method.

Design/methodology/approach
The double-MRT lattice Boltzmann method is used, and the natural convection fluid flow and heat transfer under influence of different parameters are analyzed. The D2Q5 model and D2Q9 model are used for simulation of temperature field and flow field, respectively. The cavity is filled with CuO-water nanofluid; in addition, the thermo-physical properties of nanofluid and the effect of nanoparticles’ shapes are considered using Koo–Kleinstreuer–Li (KKL) model. On the other hand, the cavity is included with an internal active hollow with constant thermal boundary conditions at its walls and variable dimensions. It should be noted that the dimensions of the internal hollow will be determined by as aspect ratio.

Findings
The Rayleigh number, nanoparticle concentration and the aspect ratio are the governing parameters. The heat transfer performance of the cavity has direct relationship with the Rayleigh number and solid volume fraction of CuO-water nanofluid. Moreover, the configuration of the cavity is good controlling factor for changing the heat transfer performance and entropy generation.

Originality/value
The originality of this work is using double-MRT lattice Boltzmann method in simulating the free convection fluid flow and heat transfer.
Effects of laser shock processing on abrasion resistance of high speed steel cutting tools
Authors: Fan Yujie , Xue Feng , Zhou Yuankai , Dai Yibin , Cui Pengfei , Su Yu , Liu Zhiqiang 
Published: July 2019

Purpose
As a key basic component used in machining, high-speed steel (HSS) tools often prone to wear and failure during machining. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to adopt a suitable approach to improve the stability of the cutting force, the service life and the wear resistance.

Design/methodology/approach
Laser shock processing (LSP) was used to process the tool rake face and the tribological test was performed with ball-on-disk wear tester.

Findings
Experimental results show that cutting force of the LSP-treated tool is lower than untreated tool under the same cutting conditions. Wear rate of the tool nose treated by LSP decreases obviously and the tool life increases by 40 per cent.

Originality/value
HSS is often used in the manufacture of complex cutting tools. The main value of this article is to improve the tool surface wear resistance, thereby extending the service life of cutter. This paper is valuable not only in theory but also with reference value in engineering practice.
Interactions between financial efficiency and sports performance
Authors: Miragaia Dina , Ferreira João , Carvalho Alexandre , Ratten Vanessa 
Published: July 2019

Purpose
In the current economic climate, the huge rise in the levels of debt incurred by professional football clubs challenges the need to improve their efficiency levels. Hence, analysis of their productivity is essential and represents an integral dimension to any realistic and efficient strategy. Any such strategy includes the identification and analysis of the inputs and outputs that underpin club sustainability. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the relationship between the team performance of professional European football clubs and the stability of their financial efficiency.

Design/methodology/approach
The sample spans 15 professional football clubs that won the league titles in the leading football leagues (the English, German, Spanish, Italian and French leagues) in the period between 2009 and 2014. The analysis made recourse to the data envelopment analysis method.

Findings
The results demonstrate that of the 15 clubs analysed, only 10 proved efficient. Football is now an industry that moves major quantities of financial capital and holds the attentions of large groups of fans worldwide. However, despite this attractiveness, the financial crisis and recession, ongoing since 2008, increasingly requires the better management of such resources. To this end, clubs should improve their control over the financial resources available given the positive relationship prevailing between the sporting performance of clubs and their levels of financial efficiency.

Originality/value
Analysis of the efficiency levels of the inputs and outputs encapsulating performance related financial variables may aid in improving the standards of planning and sustainable management at professional sport clubs.
The rise of participatory despotism: a systematic review of online platforms for political engagement
Authors: Santini Rose Marie , Carvalho Hanna 
Published: July 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to present a systematic literature review of empirical studies into online platforms for political participation. The objective was to diagnose the relationship between different types of digital participatory platforms, the real possibilities of participation generated by those initiatives and the impact of such participation on the decision-making process of governmental representatives.

Design/methodology/approach
A systematic literature review was conducted using pre-defined terms, expressions and criteria. A total of 434 articles from 1995 to 2015 were gathered from the Web of Science database. And, 32 studies were selected from those articles for meta-synthesis, and the cases investigated were evaluated according to the e-participation ladder model (Smyth, 2001).

Findings
The results indicated that online political participation worldwide remains timid both in quantity and quality. We have witnessed the growth of a kind of “rhetorical participation” promoted by policy-makers and the rise of a “participatory despotism”, in which only the privileged partake, while the majority remains silent.

Practical implications
The solutions found to promote increased participation and ensure its effectiveness ranged from shaping the platform design in accordance with citizens’ capacities and interests to a need for profound political–administrative change, which includes the world’s public agencies adopting a more transparent, inclusive and collaborative approach to decision-making.

Originality/value
This paper proposes a systematic review, mapping the studies on online platforms for political participation, analysing the questions, methods and conclusions found by the authors and evaluating each case study with a participation ladder.
Industrial pollutant treatment efficiency considering environmental factors
Authors: Wu Jie , Wang Chu , Zhou Zhixiang 
Published: July 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to improve the accuracy of evaluation efficiency by constructing parallel structures considering the main components of industrial pollutants, and then to consider some external influence factors to eliminate random errors.

Design/methodology/approach
In this paper, data transformation has been used to deal with undesirable output, and a model with a parallel structure based on the three-stage data envelopment analysis model to calculate the efficiency scores of different division in pollution treatment has been composed.

Findings
The analysis shows that the external environmental factors and random factors of the economy and society greatly affect the efficiency of industrial pollutant treatment; moreover, there is an imbalance between regions in China in the treatment of industrial pollutants.

Originality/value
Optimal improvement requires each province to take targeted measures to improve its efficiency of pollutant treatment measures, which are tailored to specific situations and determined by efficiency analysis in this paper.