bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Survival and Impairment of Extremely Premature Infants: A Meta-analysis
Authors: Myrhaug Hilde Tinderholt , Brurberg Kjetil Gundro , Hov Laila , Markestad Trond 
Published: January 2019

CONTEXT:Survival of infants born at the limit of viability varies between high-income countries.OBJECTIVE:To summarize the prognosis of survival and risk of impairment for infants born at 22 + 0/7 weeks’ to 27 + 6/7 weeks’ gestational age (GA) in high-income countries.DATA SOURCES:We searched 9 databases for cohort studies published between 2000 and 2017 in which researchers reported on survival or neurodevelopmental outcomes.STUDY SELECTION:GA was based on ultrasound results, the last menstrual period, or a combination of both, and neurodevelopmental outcomes were measured by using the Bayley Scales of Infant Development II or III at 18 to 36 months of age.DATA EXTRACTION:Two reviewers independently extracted data and assessed the risk of bias and quality of evidence.RESULTS:Sixty-five studies were included. Mean survival rates increased from near 0% of all births, 7.3% of live births, and 24.1% of infants admitted to intensive care at 22 weeks’ GA to 82.1%, 90.1%, and 90.2% at 27 weeks’ GA, respectively. For the survivors, the rates of severe impairment decreased from 36.3% to 19.1% for 22 to 24 weeks’ GA and from 14.0% to 4.2% for 25 to 27 weeks’ GA. The mean chance of survival without impairment for infants born alive increased from 1.2% to 9.3% for 22 to 24 weeks’ GA and from 40.6% to 64.2% for 25 to 27 weeks’ GA.LIMITATIONS:The confidence in these estimates ranged from high to very low.CONCLUSIONS:Survival without impairment was substantially lower for children born at &lt;25 weeks’ GA than for those born later.
Effects of Intelligence, Knowledge, Work Experience and Additional Employee Income on Performance of State Civil Apparatus
Authors: Pratiwi Ni Made Priska Paramita , Sukartha I Made , Dwija Putri I G.A.M. Asri , Suaryana I G.N. Agung 
Published: January 2019

This research aims to examine the effect of intelligence, knowledge, work experience and additional employee income on the performance of state civil apparatus. The emergence of the phenomenon regarding there are still many public complaints about public service maladministration within the Bali Provincial Government and the poor assessment of the performance of the State Civil Apparatus in the Bali Provincial Government. The importance of intelligence, knowledge and work experience of an employee greatly determines the quality of the performance produced. Additional income for employees as an additional income obtained by employees is a policy to improve the quality of performance of the state civil apparatus. The method of data collection in this research is a survey method with questionnaire techniques. The sample in this research were 400 employees of the state civil apparatus in the Regional Organizations of Bali Province. The technical analysis of the data used is the Analysis of Multiple Linear Regression.
The results of the research show that intelligence influences the performance of the state civil apparatus, knowledge influences the performance of the state civil apparatus, work experience influences the performance of the state civil apparatus, and additional employee income influences the performance of the state civil apparatus. Additional employee income is the most influential variable on the performance of the state civil apparatus compared to other independent variables.
Macroeconomic Indicators and Economic Performance in Selected Sub Sahara African Countries: Panel Generalized Method of Moment Approach
Authors: Ojo Adejumo Musibau , S.T Ogunbunmi 
Published: January 2019

This study empirically examined the effect of macroeconomic indicators on economic performance of selected sub Sahara African Countries between 1990 and 2017. The study employed four variables: GDP growth rate, Inflation rate, Monetary policy rate and Exchange rate and panel unit root test using two criteria to test for stationarity, panel cointegration test was also conducted to test for long run cointegration between the variables employed and Generalized Method of Moment method of estimation was employed to check the relationships between the variables. The results of the panel unit root test result from the LLC and IPS methods shows that the order of integrations mixed with some of the variables being stationary at levels (GDPgr and INFL) and first difference (MPR and EXHR) at the same time. The result of Pedroni cointegration test indicated the bivariate long-run cointegration equation between the variables employed. The GMM result revealed that all explanatory variables accounted for 23% variation of Economic performance in SSA. However, the study made the following policy implications: More balanced but flexible approach towards the MPR should be embraced to allow more room for impressive economic growth in these countries. Macroeconomic policy decision is not enough to stimulate growth in the economy of any nation. The interplay of fiscal instruments and monetary instruments backed with political will of the government on genuine implementation of well-thought out programmes can be employed as the antidote to ensure that the macroeconomic objectives are achieved both in the short and long-run.
Angiographic assessment of coronary arteries atherosclerosis of the heart transplant
Authors: Sakhovsky S. A. , Izotov D. A. , Koloskova N. N. , Muminov I. I. , Ahmadzaj R. L. , Faradzhov R. A. , Spirina E. A. , Poptsov V. N. , Mironkov B. L. , Shevchenko A. O. 
Published: January 2019

Aim.To estimate the frequency and expressiveness of atherosclerotic lesions of the transplant coronary arteries of the determined by an angiographic method.Materials and methods.Coronary angiography was executed to 518 recipients of heart aged from 10 till 72 years (average 56,92 ± 12,1) within the first week after transplantation of heart (a median 6; 3–42 days). Men – 466, women – 52. Initial status of recipients: UNOS 1A – 217 of people, UNOS 1B – 89 of people, UNOS 2 – 212 people. Included the following criteria of the donor in the analysis: sex, age, cause of brain death.Results.Angiographic signs of atherosclerotic lesions of coronary arteries are discovered in 166 cases, in 65 cases defined as significant stenosis which demanded performance of the percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). In 352 cases symptoms of atherosclerosis are not revealed (group of comparison). At recipients in the status UNOS 1A and UNOS 1B discovered the transmission of atherosclerosis (TA) more often, than recipients in the status UNOS 2 (54% and 36%, respectively). Age of donors in group with transmission of atherosclerosis was 50,2 ± 0,7 years, and in group of comparison – 41 ± 0,6 years (r = 0,0005). Range of donors age in groups did not differ and made 18–66 years for group of comparison and 20–67 years for group with transmission of atherosclerosis, but in subgroup of PCI made 31–67 years. Gender influence on the frequency of transmission of coronary atherosclerosis it is not revealed. Acute violation of brain blood circulation as the cause of brain death was observed in 76% of cases at TA group and 61% in group of comparison.Conclusion.The age of the donor and acute violation of brain blood circulation are the factors associations with probability of transmission of coronary atherosclerosis, however it is important to consider the status of the recipient.
Clinical and functional evaluation of intramyocardial implantation of autologous bone marrow cells treated with erythropoietinduring the CAD surgery (6-month results)
Authors: Fomichev A. V. , Chernyavskiy A. M. , Gulyaeva K. K. , Poveschenko O. V. , Lykov A. P. , Kareva J. E. , Minin S. M. , Nikitin N. A. 
Published: January 2019

Aim.Clinical and functional evaluation of the implantation of autologous bone marrow cells treated with erythropoietin in laser channels during coronary bypass grafting in patients with end-stage coronary lesion.Materials and methods.60 patients with coronary artery disease with diffuse and (or) distal right coronary artery disease were randomized into two groups: patients of group 1 (n = 30) underwent coronary bypass grafting, implantation of autologous bone marrow cells treated with erythropoietin in laser channels, patients of the 2nd group (n = 30) were operated with coronary bypass grafting of the left coronary artery system. Assessment of the clinical status, myocardial perfusion and contractility was performed initially, 6 months after the operation.Results.Six months after the operation, there was a more pronounced decrease in angina pectoris (CCS) in the main group compared to the control group, also we revealed a 6-minute walk test scores improvement. Based on two-stage scintigraphy (Tc99) in the main group before the surgical treatment, a rest perfusion defect was 8.5% [3.5, 18.5], a stress-induced perfusion defect – 7.0% [6.0, 12, 3]. In the control group, the rest defect was 9.1% [5.6, 12.4], the stress-induced perfusion defect was 7.3% [6.1, 8.7]. 6 months after surgery rest perfusion defect at the indirect revascularization group was 6.0% [2.5, 16.5] (p = 0.008), a stress-induced defect was 4.0% [1.5, 6.3] (p = 0.05). In the control group, the rest defect was 8.7% [5.3, 10.3], the stress-induced perfusion defect was 6.8% [5.3, 9.1] (p = 0.21). The results of scintigraphy with MIBG showed a left ventricle innervation defect (PID) significant decrease in the main group: initially 15.4% [14.2, 16.3], after 6 months 11.7% [9.3, 13, 2] (p = 0.045). In the control group, there was an unreliable decrease in PID: initially 14.3% [10.2, 17.3], after 6 months 13.8% [9.1, 14.2] (p = 0.14).Conclusion.Our preliminary results revealed more pronounced effect of the new indirect revascularization method expressed as in myocardial perfusion improve, myocardial sympathetic innervation restoration and clinical status improvement in comparison with control group.
Effect of Yoga-Based Cardiac Rehabilitation on Heart Rate Variability: Randomized Controlled Trial in Patients Post-MI
Authors: Christa Edmin , Srivastava Prachi , Chandran Dinu S. , Jaryal Ashok Kumar , Yadav Raj Kumar , Roy Ambuj , Deepak Kishore Kumar 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Autonomic dysfunction is an independent predictor of cardiovascular and all-cause mortality after myocardial infarction (MI). We tested the effects of a 12-week yoga-based cardiac rehabilitation program on heart rate variability (HRV) in 80 patients post-MI. This randomized controlled trial with two parallel groups was carried out in a tertiary care institution in India. The yoga group received 13 hospital-based structured yoga sessions as an adjunct to standard care. Control group participants received enhanced standard care involving three brief educational sessions with a leaflet on the importance of diet and physical activity. HRV was measured in all participants with lead II electrocardiogram (ECG) signals. One yoga group patient's data were excluded due to ECG abnormalities. Baseline measurement was done 3 weeks post-MI, and postintervention assessment took place at the 13th week. HRV frequency and time domain indices were analyzed. There were no significant between-group differences in the HRV time domain indices. Frequency domain indices showed significant between-group differences in HF power (absolute) (yoga vs. control: 114.42 [−794.80–7,993.78] vs. −38.14 [−4,843.50–1,617.87], p = 0.005) and total power (nu) (yoga vs. control: 44.96 [21.94] vs. −19.55 [15.42], p = 0.01) with higher HF power and total power (nu) in the yoga group. It should be noted that these results cannot be generalized to high risk patients. Respiratory frequency control to check for influence of respiratory rate on RR interval was not evaluated. This short-term yoga-based cardiac rehabilitation program had additive effects in shifting sympathovagal balance toward parasympathetic predominance while increasing overall HRV in optimally medicated post-MI patients.
A Droplet Digital PCR Assay for Smoking Predicts All-Cause Mortality
Authors: Andersen Allan M. , Ryan Philip T. , Gibbons Fredrick X. , Simons Ronald L. , Long Jeffrey D. , Philibert Robert A. 
Published: January 2019

Objectives.—Determine whether an epigenetic assay for smoking predicts all-cause mortality in adults participating in a longitudinal study of Iowa adoptees.
Background.—Improved biomarkers for smoking are needed given its large public health impact and significant limitations of both self-report and current biomarkers, such as cotinine in detecting smoking. In the past 5 years, multiple epigenome-wide association studies of smoking have identified loci suitable for translation as epigenetic biomarkers for smoking, in particular the CpG cg05575921. Digital polymerase chain reaction methods hold promise for the development of this and other epigenetic biomarkers.
Methods.—Participants in the Iowa Adoption Studies were interviewed regarding their smoking habits. DNA was prepared from whole blood and bisulfite-converted for methylation analysis and digital droplet polymerase chain reaction assay of methylation at cg05575921 was performed. National Death Index records were requested for 584 study participants, resulting in 24 complete matches, 210 partial matches and 350 non-matching records. Complete matches were coded as deceased while the remainder were coded as alive (ie, censored). In total, methylation data and vital status information were available for a total of N = 193 subjects, including 15 deceased and 178 non-deceased. Cox regression was used to examine the ability of cg05575921 methylation as a continuous value to predict the timing of mortality with and without the inclusion of age, sex, race, BMI, marital status, educational status, socioeconomic status, cardiovascular risk factors, and a history of cancer as covariates.
Results.—Methylation at cg05575921 predicted the hazard of mortality as the sole predictor and after accounting for major demographic and clinical risk factors. The fitted model showed the hazard ratio increased by 3.5% for every 1% decrease in methylation.
Conclusions.—Decreased methylation at cg05575921, an emerging epigenetic biomarker for smoking, was associated with early mortality in a longitudinal study of adults after accounting for the impact of major demographic and clinical risk factors for all-cause mortality. This approach may be useful in clinical research or actuarial assessments.
Çocuklarda sevofluran ile nitröz oksit veya kaudal blok uygulamasının gözlemsel karşılaştırılması
Authors: ALPASLAN Nesrin , COSKUN Demet , ÇELEBİ Sıdıka Hülya 
Published: January 2019

Amaç: Sevofluran
çocuklarda anestezi indüksiyonu ve idamesinde en sık tercih edilen volatil
anestezik ajandır. Çalışmamızda genel anestezinin analjezik komponentini N2O
veya kaudal blok ile sağlayarak ve anestezi süresince bisepektral indeks (BIS)
monitörizasyonu ile anestezi derinliğini sabit tutarak; bu iki uygulama
şeklinin minimal alveolar konsantrasyon (MAK) ve hemodinami üzerindeki
etkilerini gözlemsel olarak karşılaştırmayı amaçladık. Gereç ve
Yöntemler: Genel anestezi
altında günübirlik operasyon geçirecek 40 çocuk hastaya; %40 O2/hava (grup K)
veya %40 O2/N2O (grup N) karışımı içinde %8 sevofluran kullanılarak
inhalasyon indüksiyonu uygulandı. Gurup K’daki çocuklara yan yatar
pozisyonda, 22 G kaudal iğneyle 0.7 mL/kg, % 0.2 bupivakain
solüsyonu kullanılarak kaudal blok uygulandı. Operasyon süresince her iki
grubun hemodinamik parametreleri, BIS ve MAK değerleri takip edilerek kaydedildi.Bulgular: Her iki grubun hemodinamik parametreleri benzer bulunmuştur.
Sevofluranın, N2O katkısı olmaksızın kaudal blok yapılan grupta istatiksel yönden anlamlı olmamakla birlikte daha düşük MAK değerlerinde
sürdürülebildiği tespit edilmiştir.

Sonuç: İntraoperatif ve postoperatif analjezi sağlamanın yanı sıra çevre kirliliğini azaltması
yönünden de bir avantaj sağladığı için kaudal bloğun, anestezi sırasında
uygun koşullarda N2O’e göre daha öncelikle tercih edilmesi gerektiği düşüncesindeyiz.
КОНТРОЛЬ ПРОПИТКИ – ЭФФЕКТИВНЫЙ ФАКТОР ПОВЫШЕНИЯ НАДЕЖНОСТИ ЭЛЕКТРОДВИГАТЕЛЕЙ ГОРНОДОБЫВАЮЩЕЙ, СТРОИТЕЛЬНОЙ И ДРУГИХ ОТРАСЛЕЙ ПРОМЫШЛЕННОСТИ
Authors: (Gennady V. Smirnov) Смирнов Геннадий Васильевич , (Maxim V. Vedyashkin) Ведяшкин Максим Викторович 
Published: January 2019

Отказ электрической машины приводит к аварийным ситуациям, к простою оборудования и, как следствие, к высоким экономическим затратам на ликвидацию результатов отказа машины. Наибольший ущерб отечественной экономике наносит отказ электрических машин при разведке, добыче и транспортировке георесурсов в нефтедобывающей, горнорудной, угольной, химической и других отраслях промышленности, так как эти отрасли в настоящее время являются основой формирования бюджета страны. Надежность и безотказность работы этих машин в значительной степени определяется технологическими операциями пропитки и сушки обмоток, так как на этих операциях формируются важнейшие качественные характеристики обмоток: электроизоляционные, тепловые, влагостойкие и механические. Все эти свойства зависят от степени заполнения межвитковых и прикорпусных полостей обмотки пропиточным составом. В случае некачественной пропитки обмоток возможно появление дефектов в межвитковой изоляции в период хранения и транспортировки оборудования к месту эксплуатации, что неизбежно приводит к снижению надежности изоляции обмоток. Совершенствование указанных операций невозможно осуществлять без надлежащих способов неразрушающего контроля качества проведения этой операции. Поэтому разработка методов контроля качества пропитки обмоток является весьма злободневной проблемой. Цель: показать возможность контроля распределенности пропиточного состава по обмотке по результатам измерения теплоёмкости обмоток до пропитки и после неё. Методы: электротепловые и электромагнитные, связанные с измерением тепловых параметров обмотки и отдельных электрических величин при контроле качества пропитки. Результаты. Рассмотрен электротепловой способ контроля качества пропитки обмоток. Обоснованы физические принципы контроля качества пропитки, и приведен вывод основных критериев оценки качества указанной технологической операций. Приведена схема прибора контроля, и рассмотрен принцип его работы. Произведен анализ погрешностей предложенного способа контроля.
PENINGKATKAN KETERAMPILAN MENGAJAR GURU SMP MATA PELAJARAN IPA DALAM MENERAPKAN PENDEKATAN SAINTIFIK
Authors: Sophuan Sophuan 
Published: January 2019

Based on observation result, study documentation of interview and questionnaire that was given to the students, problems found, the teaching skills of junior high school science teachersat STOof Ogan Ilir regency inapplying scientific approach had been still low, this research was conducted with the aim to investigate whether STO activity ofOgan Ilir regency could improve the teaching skills of junior high school science teachers in Ogan Ilir regency in implementing the scientific approach.
The methodology used in this research is action research which was conducted for three cycles. Each cycle consists of, planning, execution, observation, evaluation and reflection. The result showed that the teaching skill of junior high school science teachers in applying scientific approachhad improved significantly from the first cycle to the second cycle, and from the second cycle to the third cycle. Increasing of teaching skills of science teacher in applying scientific approach was the effect of STO activity.
Intersecções de gênero, sexualidade e classe em tribunais do júri: valores morais em disputa
Authors: Zamboni Marcela , Oliveira Helma J.S. de , Nascimento Emylli Tavares do 
Published: January 2019

Neste trabalho, investigamos como os operadores jurídicos disputam valores morais em casos de homicídio afetivo-conjugal. A pesquisa de campo foi realizada nos dois Tribunais de João Pessoa, Paraíba, sendo o seu corpuscomposto por autos processuais e julgamentos. As narrativas dos operadores jurídicos ressoaram convenções morais contingenciais ajustadas às reiteradas formas de exclusão enquadradas nas performatividades de gênero e sexualidade (em disputa com outros marcadores sociais da diferença). Contudo, o comportamento subversivo das vítimas e dos acusados gerou desestabilizações nas narrativas discriminatórias. Isso indica que as fronteiras do que é considerado culturalmente inteligível podem ser expandidas normativamente e resultar em mudanças relativas ao controle da sexualidade.
أصول المصادر في المعرفة: دراسة منهجية
Authors: Alasmary Hasan Mohammed 
Published: January 2019

لا شك أن "نظرية المعرفة" من مباحث الفكر المهمة، وأهم موضوعات هذه النظرية مبحث المصادر الذي نال نقاشًا واسعًا في الفكر الغربي الحديث، وعلى الرغم مما فيها من نقاشات مهمة؛ فقد وقع منها غلو بسبب انسياقها خلف الرؤى العلمانية، وذلك في بعض المصادر، مثل العقل والحس، ووقع منها كذلك تهميش في بعضها منها: كالوحي، والغلو والتهميش من أمراض الفكر في كل زمان ومكان، ومن وسائل معالجتهما: العناية بالوسطية التي تأخذ بالمفكر والأفكار نحو العدل ومحاولة الاكتمال، وأفضل ما يتحقق ذلك مع الرؤية الإسلامية.
ويهدف هذا البحث تسليط الضوء تجاه أصول المصادر، وهي خمسة: الخبر، والشخص، والحدس، والعقل، والحس؛ وذلك عن طريق التعريف بها، وبيان حدودها، ومشكلة الخطأ فيها، وأثر قيمة الوسطية في فعاليتها.
CREENCIAS DEL MAESTRO DE SU PRÁCTICA AL APLICAR UN INSTRUMENTO DE ESTRATEGIAS DISCURSIVAS
Authors: Ruiz Edgardo , Meraz Samuel 
Published: January 2019

El propósito del trabajo fue analizar las creencias y conceptos de los maestros de su práctica al aplicar el instrumento estrategias discursivas ESTDI (Ruiz, Sánchez, Meraz & Suárez, Enviado). Participaron cuatro maestros, quienes fueron videograbados durante tres horas en su clase, denominados Maestros Observados (MO), de la carrera de medicina y cuatro Maestros Investigadores (MI) quienes interpretaron y transcribieron los videos de los maestros. Se utilizó el método de análisis de contenido de creencias y la teorización temática para construir categorías sobre las estrategias discursivas utilizadas por los docentes. Los resultados apoyan la tendencia del maestro a conceptualizar y cuestionar el uso de estrategias discursivas en su práctica desde sus creencias. Se encontró una relación proporcional entre el número de estrategias discursivas usadas y la actitud crítica de los maestros hacia su práctica.
El empoderamiento en la vejez
Authors: Iacub Ricardo , Arias Claudia Josefina 
Published: January 2019

Este trabajo realiza un análisis acerca del empoderamiento en la vejez, incluyendo diversos aspectos con los que se relaciona y que lo condicionan ya sea negativa o positivamente en esta etapa de la vida. Se reflexiona en torno a los modos en los que los usos del poder, las representaciones negativas acerca de la vejez y los modelos que se proponen acerca de ella, inciden en la construcción social de la identidad y en el desempoderamiento durante esta etapa de la vida. En este sentido, los estereotipos negativos recaen sobre los adultos mayores, limitándolos y condicionándolos en su modo de ser y de comportarse. Las personas de edad asumen en muchos casos el lugar desvalorizado y marginal que socialmente se les asigna, ya que es lo esperable y considerado normal para la vejez. A continuación se caracteriza al empoderamiento como un proceso que implica la revisión y problematización de ciertos códigos culturales, produciendo cambios de orden ideológico y social. Este proceso posibilita el fortalecimiento del autoconcepto de las personas en él involucradas y la reconstrucción de identidades. Finalmente, se analiza la relación del empoderamiento con la participación comunitaria y el surgimiento de variadas organizaciones y redes sociales de adultos mayores desde las cuales intervienen activamente, toman decisiones, producen transformaciones y se consolidan como grupo de poder.