bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Organic Aerosol Particle Chemical Properties Associated With Residential Burning and Fog in Wintertime San Joaquin Valley (Fresno) and With Vehicle and Firework Emissions in Summertime South Coast Air Basin (Fontana)
Authors: Chen Chia‐Li , Chen Sijie , Russell Lynn M. , Liu Jun , Price Derek J. , Betha Raghu , Sanchez Kevin J. , Lee Alex K. Y. , Williams Leah , Collier Sonya C. , Zhang Qi , Kumar Anikender , Kleeman Michael J. , Zhang Xiaolu , Cappa Christopher D. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractOrganic aerosol mass (OM) components were investigated at Fresno in winter and at Fontana in summer by positive matrix factorization of high‐resolution time‐of‐flight aerosol mass spectra and of Fourier Transform infrared spectra, as well as by k‐means clustering of light‐scattering (LS) aerosol single‐particle spectra. The results were comparable for all three methods at both sites, showing different contributions of primary and secondary organic aerosol sources to PM1. At Fresno biomass burning organic aerosol contributed 27% of OM on low‐fog days, and nitrate‐related oxidized OA (NOOA) accounted for 47% of OM on high‐fog days, whereas at Fontana very oxygenated organic aerosol (VOOA) components contributed 58–69% of OM. Amine and organosulfate fragment concentrations were between 2 and 3 times higher on high‐fog days than on low‐fog days at Fresno, indicating increased formation from fog‐related processes. NOOA and biomass burning organic aerosol components were largely on different particles than the VOOA components in Fresno, but in Fontana both NOOA and VOOA components were distributed on most particle types, consistent with a longer time for and a larger contribution from gas‐phase photochemical secondary organic aerosol formation in summer Fontana than winter Fresno. Uncommon trace organic fragments, elevated inorganic, and alcohol group submicron mass concentrations persisted at Fontana for more than 5 days after 4 July fireworks. These unique aerosol chemical compositions at Fresno and Fontana show substantial and extended air‐quality impacts from residential burning and fireworks.
Sources and Secondary Production of Organic Aerosols in the Northeastern United States during WINTER
Authors: Schroder J. C. , Campuzano‐Jost P. , Day D. A. , Shah V. , Larson K. , Sommers J. M. , Sullivan A. P. , Campos T. , Reeves J. M. , Hills A. , Hornbrook R. S. , Blake N. J. , Scheuer E. , Guo H. , Fibiger D. L. , McDuffie E. E. , Hayes P. L. , Weber R. J. , Dibb J. E. , Apel E. C. , Jaeglé L. , Brown S. S. , Thornton J. A. , Jimenez J. L. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractMost intensive field studies investigating aerosols have been conducted in summer, and thus, wintertime aerosol sources and chemistry are comparatively poorly understood. An aerosol mass spectrometer was flown on the National Science Foundation/National Center for Atmospheric Research C‐130 during the Wintertime INvestigation of Transport, Emissions, and Reactivity (WINTER) 2015 campaign in the northeast United States. The fraction of boundary layer submicron aerosol that was organic aerosol (OA) was about a factor of 2 smaller than during a 2011 summertime study in a similar region. However, the OA measured in WINTER was almost as oxidized as OA measured in several other studies in warmer months of the year. Fifty‐eight percent of the OA was oxygenated (secondary), and 42% was primary (POA). Biomass burning OA (likely from residential heating) was ubiquitous and accounted for 33% of the OA mass. Using nonvolatile POA, one of two default secondary OA (SOA) formulations in GEOS‐Chem (v10‐01) shows very large underpredictions of SOA and O/C (5×) and overprediction of POA (2×). We strongly recommend against using that formulation in future studies. Semivolatile POA, an alternative default in GEOS‐Chem, or a simplified parameterization (SIMPLE) were closer to the observations, although still with substantial differences. A case study of urban outflow from metropolitan New York City showed a consistent amount and normalized rate of added OA mass (due to SOA formation) compared to summer studies, although proceeding more slowly due to lower OH concentrations. A box model and SIMPLE perform similarly for WINTER as for Los Angeles, with an underprediction at ages <6 hr, suggesting that fast chemistry might be missing from the models.
Using Noble Gases to Compare Parameterizations of Air‐Water Gas Exchange and to Constrain Oxygen Losses by Ebullition in a Shallow Aquatic Environment
Authors: Howard Evan M. , Forbrich Inke , Giblin Anne E. , Lott Dempsey E. , Cahill Kevin L. , Stanley Rachel H. R. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractAccurate determination of air‐water gas exchange fluxes is critically important for calculating ecosystem metabolism rates from dissolved oxygen in shallow aquatic environments. We present a unique data set of the noble gases neon, argon, krypton, and xenon in a salt marsh pond to demonstrate how the dissolved noble gases can be used to quantify gas transfer processes and evaluate gas exchange parameterizations in shallow, near‐shore environments. These noble gases are sensitive to a variety of physical processes, including bubbling. We thus additionally use this data set to demonstrate how dissolved noble gases can be used to assess the contribution of bubbling from the sediments (ebullition) to gas fluxes. We find that while literature gas exchange parameterizations do well in modeling more soluble gases, ebullition must be accounted for in order to correctly calculate fluxes of the lighter noble gases. In particular, for neon and argon, the ebullition flux is larger than the differences in the diffusive gas exchange flux estimated by four different wind speed‐based parameterizations for gas exchange. We present an application of noble gas derived ebullition rates to improve estimates of oxygen metabolic fluxes in this shallow pond environment. Up to 21% of daily net oxygen production by photosynthesis may be lost from the pond via ebullition during some periods of biologically and physically produced supersaturation. Ebullition could be an important flux of oxygen and other gases that is measurable with noble gases in other shallow aquatic environments.
Miocene Volcaniclastic Sequence Within the Xiyu Formation from Source to Sink: Implications for Drainage Development and Tectonic Evolution in Eastern Pamir, NW Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Wei Xiaochun , Zheng Hongbo , Wang Ping , Tada Ryuji , Clift Peter D. , Jourdan Fred , Luo Chao , Chen Hanlin 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe formation of the Pamir salient and the Tashkorgan‐Yarkand River is highly debated with the ages ranging from pre‐Cenozoic to late Miocene. One approach to resolve these issues is to draw support from the sedimentary record in the surrounding basins. A volcaniclastic sequence, which divides into Lower and Upper Members, was identified in the southwestern Tarim Basin. The Lower Member was transported by dilute streamflows, which likely flowed during or soon after eruptions, while the Upper Member was formed by a syneruptive volcanic debris flow. Chronological, petrologic, and geochemical data consistently indicate that the sequence was derived from the Central Pamir at ~11 Ma. The ~11 Ma emplacement of the volcaniclastic sequence provides unique constraints for the evolution of the Tashkorgan‐Yarkand River and the Pamir salient. Provenance data indicate a multistage evolutionary history of the Tashkorgan‐Yarkand River. The paleo‐Tashkorgan River was initially formed in the piedmont of the Pamir marginal range before ~15 Ma. This river cut back into the Tashkorgan region at ~15 Ma, after which it has eroded the Central Pamir by ~11 Ma. The N‐S trending upper reaches of the Tashkorgan River and the Yarkand River were established after ~11 Ma. The emplacement of the volcanic debris flow, together with regional deformation evidence, indicates limited strike‐slip motion between Pamir and the Tarim at least since ~11 Ma, which refutes hundreds of kilometers offset between the Pamir and the Tarim after this time and supports an earlier indention of the Pamir salient.
Accretion Tectonics in Western Gondwana Deduced From Sm‐Nd Isotope Mapping of Terranes in the Borborema Province, NE Brazil
Authors: Santos L. C. M. de L. , Dantas E. L. , Cawood P. A. , Lages G. de A. , Lima H. M. , dos Santos E. J. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractWhole rock Sm‐Nd isotope mapping of metaplutonic and metasedimentary rocks in the Tranversal Sub‐province of the Borborema Province (central Western Gondwana) is used to verify the role of crustal processes in the region. The region contains the Meso‐Neoproterozoic Alto Pajeú and Archean‐Paleoproterozoic Alto Moxotó terranes, which are separated by the Serra de Jabitacá thrust shear zone, the main terrane boundary. The distribution of TDM model ages on histograms and gridded maps reveals contrasting isotopic sources. The older terrane shows model ages ranging from Paleoarchean to Paleoproterozoic, whereas the younger presents ages ranging from late Paleoproterozoic to Mesoproterozoic. Contrasting ages are even more evident away from the boundary. Calculated εNd(t) using well‐known U‐Pb zircon ages reveals a complex tectonic scenario. First manifestations of crustal growth are evident in Neoarchean tonalite‐trondhjemite‐granodiorite rocks of the Alto Moxotó Terrane. This terrane was subjected to severe crustal reworking during the early to late Paleoproterozoic. The tectonic evolution of the Alto Pajeú Terrane is considerably younger, characterized by Neoproterozoic reworking of old crust during the Cariris Velhos Orogeny (1,025–900 Ma). Our large Nd data set indicates that the Serra de Jabitacá Shear Zone separates two distinct crustal blocks exhibiting contrasting isotopic character, marking the onset of the terrane assembly in this part of Western Gondwana.
Implementing Screening With the Psychosocial Assessment Tool (PAT) in Clinical Oncology Practice
Authors: Kazak Anne E. , Christofferson Jennifer , Gutierrez Richards Helena , Rivero-Conil Sara , Sandler Eric 
Published: July 2018

Implementing evidence-based approaches to assessment and screening in pediatric psychology practice is important to bridge gaps in clinical care. Identifying specific implementation strategies that result in successful uptake of evidence-based approaches, such as the Psychosocial Assessment Tool (PAT), is necessary. Twelve pediatric cancer programs in three states in the Southeastern United States participated in a 1-day implementation workshop and follow-up group implementation consultation calls to implement the Psychosocial Assessment Tool (PAT), in English and Spanish, in their settings. Participants from these programs completed pre and post implementation questionnaires about their use of the PAT and identified benefits (facilitators) and challenges (barriers) of implementation at the family, provider and institutional levels. Nine of 12 programs (75%) successfully implemented the PAT, with half using both English and Spanish versions. The PAT was administered primarily by social workers and psychologists within the first month after diagnosis. The PAT was viewed as helpful to clinical oncology practice. Prior to the workshop, most participants were very positive about implementation and noted few challenges. Although the benefits of screening with the PAT were maintained through the implementation process, challenges related to staffing and integration of the results in the electronic health record were noted. A 1-day workshop with follow-up consultation calls to support implementation of an evidence-based approach in pediatric cancer was found to be feasible and acceptable. All participants rated the workshop very positively and recommended it. Applications of implementation science to pediatric psychology interventions are promising to advance care. Implications for Impact Statement Testing how evidence-based approaches can be implemented in clinical practice is an important priority for translating research into practice. This paper shows how the Psychosocial Assessment Tool (PAT), a family psychosocial risk screener, can be implemented into practice in pediatric cancer in English and Spanish using a workshop with consultation calls.
Visualization of translation termination intermediates trapped by the Apidaecin 137 peptide during RF3-mediated recycling of RF1
Authors: Graf Michael , Huter Paul , Maracci Cristina , Peterek Miroslav , Rodnina Marina V. , Wilson Daniel N. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractDuring translation termination in bacteria, the release factors RF1 and RF2 are recycled from the ribosome by RF3. While high-resolution structures of the individual termination factors on the ribosome exist, direct structural insight into how RF3 mediates dissociation of the decoding RFs has been lacking. Here we have used the Apidaecin 137 peptide to trap RF1 together with RF3 on the ribosome and visualize an ensemble of termination intermediates using cryo-electron microscopy. Binding of RF3 to the ribosome induces small subunit (SSU) rotation and swivelling of the head, yielding intermediate states with shifted P-site tRNAs and RF1 conformations. RF3 does not directly eject RF1 from the ribosome, but rather induces full rotation of the SSU that indirectly dislodges RF1 from its binding site. SSU rotation is coupled to the accommodation of the GTPase domain of RF3 on the large subunit (LSU), thereby promoting GTP hydrolysis and dissociation of RF3 from the ribosome.
Complete human mtDNA genome sequences from Vietnam and the phylogeography of Mainland Southeast Asia
Authors: Duong Nguyen Thuy , Macholdt Enrico , Ton Nguyen Dang , Arias Leonardo , Schröder Roland , Van Phong Nguyen , Thi Bich Thuy Vo , Ha Nguyen Hai , Thi Thu Hue Huynh , Thi Xuan Nguyen , Thi Phuong Oanh Kim , Hien Le Thi Thu , Hoang Nguyen Huy , Pakendorf Brigitte , Stoneking Mark , Van Hai Nong 
Published: July 2018

AbstractVietnam is an important crossroads within Mainland Southeast Asia (MSEA) and a gateway to Island Southeast Asia, and as such exhibits high levels of ethnolinguistic diversity. However, comparatively few studies have been undertaken of the genetic diversity of Vietnamese populations. In order to gain comprehensive insights into MSEA mtDNA phylogeography, we sequenced 609 complete mtDNA genomes from individuals belonging to five language families (Austroasiatic, Tai-Kadai, Hmong-Mien, Sino-Tibetan and Austronesian) and analyzed them in comparison with sequences from other MSEA countries and Taiwan. Within Vietnam, we identified 399 haplotypes belonging to 135 haplogroups; among the five language families, the sequences from Austronesian groups differ the most from the other groups. Phylogenetic analysis revealed 111 novel Vietnamese mtDNA lineages. Bayesian estimates of coalescence times and associated 95% HPD for these show a peak of mtDNA diversification around 2.5–3 kya, which coincides with the Dong Son culture, and thus may be associated with the agriculturally-driven expansion of this culture. Networks of major MSEA haplogroups emphasize the overall distinctiveness of sequences from Taiwan, in keeping with previous studies that suggested at most a minor impact of the Austronesian expansion from Taiwan on MSEA. We also see evidence for population expansions across MSEA geographic regions and language families.
A plant virus (BYDV) promotes trophic facilitation in aphids on wheat
Authors: Porras Mitzy , De Moraes Consuelo M. , Mescher Mark C. , Rajotte Edwin G. , Carlo Tomás A. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractPathogens and other parasites can have profound effects on biological communities and ecosystems. Here we explore how two strains of a plant virus – Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus, BYDV – influence the foraging performance and fecundity of two aphid species:Rhopalosiphum maidisandR.padi. We found that pre-inhabitation byR.padion plants facilitates the subsequent foraging of conspecifics andR.maidis. Without the virus, the occurrence of facilitation is asymmetric because it depends on the order of species arrival. However, with virus we found facilitation irrespective of the order of species arrival. Furthermore, the virus also boosted the fecundity of both aphids. Analyses of nutrient content of virus-free and virus-infected plants show significant increases of essential amino acids, sterols, and carbohydrates. Such nutrient increases appear to underlie the facilitative interactions and fecundity of aphids on virus-infected plants. Our experiments demonstrate that the virus dramatically increases the food consumption and fecundity of aphids through intra and interspecific trophic facilitation, resulting in processes that could affect community organization.
Genomic-enabled prediction models using multi-environment trials to estimate the effect of genotype × environment interaction on prediction accuracy in chickpea
Authors: Roorkiwal Manish , Jarquin Diego , Singh Muneendra K. , Gaur Pooran M. , Bharadwaj Chellapilla , Rathore Abhishek , Howard Reka , Srinivasan Samineni , Jain Ankit , Garg Vanika , Kale Sandip , Chitikineni Annapurna , Tripathi Shailesh , Jones Elizabeth , Robbins Kelly R. , Crossa Jose , Varshney Rajeev K. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractGenomic selection (GS) by selecting lines prior to field phenotyping using genotyping data has the potential to enhance the rate of genetic gains. Genotype × environment (G × E) interaction inclusion in GS models can improve prediction accuracy hence aid in selection of lines across target environments. Phenotypic data on 320 chickpea breeding lines for eight traits for three seasons at two locations were recorded. These lines were genotyped using DArTseq (1.6 K SNPs) and Genotyping-by-Sequencing (GBS; 89 K SNPs). Thirteen models were fitted including main effects of environment and lines, markers, and/or naïve and informed interactions to estimate prediction accuracies. Three cross-validation schemes mimicking real scenarios that breeders might encounter in the fields were considered to assess prediction accuracy of the models (CV2: incomplete field trials or sparse testing; CV1: newly developed lines; and CV0: untested environments). Maximum prediction accuracies for different traits and different models were observed with CV2. DArTseq performed better than GBS and the combined genotyping set (DArTseq and GBS) regardless of the cross validation scheme with most of the main effect marker and interaction models. Improvement of GS models and application of various genotyping platforms are key factors for obtaining accurate and precise prediction accuracies, leading to more precise selection of candidates.
Thymoquinone synergizes gemcitabine anti-breast cancer activity via modulating its apoptotic and autophagic activities
Authors: Bashmail Hanan A. , Alamoudi Aliaa A. , Noorwali Abdulwahab , Hegazy Gehan A. , AJabnoor Ghada , Choudhry Hani , Al-Abd Ahmed M. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe use of anti-cancer adjuvant therapy is rationalized by potentiating the efficacy, and/or protecting from major side effects of chemotherapeutics. Thymoquinone (TQ) is a naturally occurring compound with cumulative evidence of anti-cancer properties. In this study, we assessed the chemomodulatory potential of TQ to gemcitabine (GCB) against human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7), and ductal carcinoma (T47D) cells. TQ showed cytotoxic effects against MCF-7 and T47D with IC50’s of 64.9 ± 14 µM and 165 ± 2 µM, respectively. The IC50’s of GCB against MCF-7 and T47D were 0.9 ± 0.18 µM and 14.3 ± 2.8 µM and were significantly reduced after combination with TQ to 0.058 ± 12 µM and 2.3 ± 0.2 µM, respectively. The CI- values were indicative of synergism in MCF-7 and T47D cells (0.15 and 0.30, respectively). Further investigation showed that GCB caused significant anti-proliferative effect reflected by increasing cell population in S-phase in both cell lines. TQ potentiated GCB-induced anti-proliferative activity in both cell lines. GCB induced considerable apoptosis in T47D cell line, and TQ significantly increased GCB-induced apoptotic effects by 1.5 to 3.6 folds. Interestingly, GCB, TQ and their combination induced significant autophagic cell death in the apoptosis defected MCF-7 cells. In addition, TQ, GCB and their combination depleted breast cancer associated stem cell (CD44(+)/CD24(−)/(low)) clone within MCF-7 and T47D cells by 3.8% to 27.5%. In conclusion, TQ showed promising chemomodulatory effects to GCB against breast cancer cells via inducing apoptosis, necrosis and autophagy, in addition to depleting tumor associated resistant stem cell fraction.
Fire blight host-pathogen interaction: proteome profiles of Erwinia amylovora infecting apple rootstocks
Authors: Holtappels Michelle , Noben Jean-Paul , Van Dijck Patrick , Valcke Roland 
Published: July 2018

AbstractFire blight, caused by the enterobacterium Erwinia amylovora, is a destructive disease, which can affect most members of the Rosaceae family. Since no significant genomic differences have been found by others to explain differences in virulence, we used here a gel-based proteomic approach to elucidate mechanisms and key players that allow the pathogen to survive, grow and multiply inside its host. Therefore, two strains with proven difference in virulence were grown under controlled conditions in vitro as well as in planta (infected apple rootstocks). Proteomic analysis including 2DE and mass spectrometry revealed that proteins involved in transcription regulation were more abundant in the in planta condition for both strains. In addition, genes involved in RNA processing were upregulated in planta for the highly virulent strain PFB5. Moreover, the upregulation of structural components of the F0F1-ATP synthase are major findings, giving important information on the infection strategy of this devastating pathogen. Overall, this research provides the first proteomic profile of E. amylovora during infection of apple rootstocks and insights into the response of the pathogen in interaction with its host.
Phenylephrine, a common cold remedy active ingredient, suppresses uterine contractions through cAMP signalling
Authors: Chen Xingjuan , Meroueh Marya , Mazur Gabriela , Rouse Evan , Hundal Karmjot Singh , Stamatkin Christopher W. , Obukhov Alexander G. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractRegulation of uterine contractility is an important aspect of women’s health. Phenylephrine, a selective agonist of the α1-adrenoceptor and a potent smooth muscle constrictor, is widely used in women even during pregnancy to relieve cold-related symptoms, to treat postpartum haemorrhoid, and during routine eye exams. We performed isometric tension recordings to investigate the effect of phenylephrine on mouse uterine contractility. Phenylephrine decreased spontaneous and oxytocin-induced contractions in non-pregnant mouse uterine rings and strips with an IC50of ~1 μM. Prazosin, an inhibitor of α1-adrenoceptor, did not prevent phenylephrine-mediated relaxations. Conversely, ICI118551, an antagonist of β2-adrenoceptors, inhibited phenylephrine relaxation. In the presence of ICI118551, high concentrations (>30 μM) of phenylephrine caused mouse uterine contractions, suggesting that β-adrenoceptor-mediated inhibition interferes with the phenylephrine contractile potential. Phenylephrine-dependent relaxation was reduced in the uterus of pregnant mice. We used primary mouse and human uterine smooth muscle cells (M/HUSMC) to establish the underlying mechanisms. Phenylephrine stimulated large increases in intracellular cAMP in M/HUSMCs. These cAMP transients were decreased when HUSMCs were cultured in the presence of oestrogen and progesterone to mimic the pregnancy milieu. Thus, phenylephrine is a strong relaxant in the non-pregnant mouse uterus, but exhibits diminished effect in the pregnant uterus.