bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The relationship between demographic variables and stress coping strategies in teenage girls in Rasht city
Authors: FarmaniGHasabe Nasibe , Garmaroudi Gholamreza , Leyli Ehsan Kazemnezhad , Farrahi Hassan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Due to the fact that teenagers have a lot of psychological pressure in their lives, strategies to deal with stress are very important for them, several factors are effective in stress coping strategies in teenagers, which have not been given much attention so far. This research was conducted with the aim of investigating the relationship between demographic variables and stress coping strategies in teenage girls in Rasht city.
In this descriptive-analytical study, 1181 adolescent girls of Rasht city were included in the study by cluster sampling method, the working tool was a two-part questionnaire consisting of demographic variables questionnaire and Lazarus coping styles questionnaire. Data analysis with SPSS software and tests Statistics were done.
The use of emotion-oriented coping styles in teenagers was more than problem-oriented coping. Green in the school, the attractiveness of the colors and materials used, and sufficient lighting in the classroom were related to coping styles, school environmental conditions and mother's education were among the predictors of emotion-oriented coping, and mother's occupation was among the predictors of problem-oriented coping.
Improving the economic, social and cultural conditions of the society, planning and implementing educational interventions based on Lazarus' theory of stress and adaptation with the aim of stress coping and improving the mental health of adolescents
The exploratory behaviour of juvenile green-lipped mussels (Perna canaliculus)
Authors: Ram Emanuel Janen , Jeffs Andrew G. , Skelton Bradley M. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Secondary migratory behaviour is a major cause of losses of juvenile mussels, known as spat, from mussel aquaculture. Finding ways to reduce losses due to migratory behaviour is essential. One option for reducing these losses is to identify those environmental conditions that trigger secondary migration in mussel spat so they can be mitigated. Another option is growing mussel spat to a size where they may no longer undertake secondary migration. Therefore, this study observed the secondary migratory behaviour of green-lipped mussel (Perna canaliculus) spat ranging in size from 0.6 to 24.4 mm in shell length that were either well-fed or starved and placed in either static or turbulent seawater for 60 min. Most mussel spat initiated migratory behaviour by crawling (well-fed − 76%, starved − 54%) in static seawater, whilst in turbulent seawater spat initiated crawling (well-fed − 43%, starved − 25%) and/or mucous drifting (well-fed − 76%, starved − 41%). Overall, a larger proportion of spat exhibited migratory behaviour in turbulent seawater (well-fed − 95%, starved − 61%) versus static seawater (well-fed − 76%, starved − 54%) and migratory behaviour was initiated more quickly in turbulent seawater (well-fed − 4.22 ± 0.40 min, starved − 10.41 ± 1.41 min) versus static seawater (well-fed − 9.08 ± 0.63 min, starved − 11.70 ± 1.36 min). Collectively, these results indicate that starvation and static seawater conditions reduce the expression of secondary migratory behaviour in green-lipped mussel spat, which could be useful environmental considerations for the selection of coastal mussel farms used for initial seeding of spat. Secondary migration was consistently expressed by mussel spat of all sizes of up to 24.4 mm in shell length. This would indicate that contained nursery systems raising mussel spat to a larger size prior to seeding out to mussel farms, aiming to reduce losses caused by secondary migration, will need to raise them to this relatively large size to avoid secondary migration. Overall, these results have important implications for advancing strategies for managing the nursery culture of mussel spat to avoid ongoing excessive losses due to secondary migration.
Investigating user-friendly machine learning algorithm to forecast the gas hydrate formation temperature
Authors: Khan Nasir , Khan Yasser , Lei Zhang , Ahmad Qazi Adnan , Ma Liqiang , Siyar Muhammad , Ali Muhammad 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

In pipelines and process equipment, especially in cold oceanic environments, gas hydrate development presents a serious problem to the petroleum industry. Getting around this problem efficiently requires an understanding of the chemical thermodynamics of gas hydrate formation. In order to forecast the temperature of gas hydrate formation, the current investigation compares the effectiveness of three different types of machine learning algorithms: Support Vector Regression (SVR), Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs), and Decision Tree Regression (DT). The research was conducted using Python 3.11.3 as the programming framework, which made use of its extensive ecosystem of open-source tools, including scikit-learn (version 1.2.2) and Keras with TensorFlow. With ANNs, there was no activation function in the output layer and the hyperbolic tangent function was used as the activation function in a hidden layer. The Radial Basis Function (rbf) was used as the Kernel function for Support Vector Regression (SVR). A maximum tree depth of 15 was imposed on the Decision Tree (DT) regression. Throughout the whole dataset, evaluation measures such as Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) and coefficient of determination (R2) were calculated. The findings showed that the R2/RMSE values for SVR, ANNs, and DT regression were, respectively, (0.9999, 0.0631), (0.9986, 0.5011), and (0.9278, 3.5606). In conclusion, the models' output was rated as follows in descending order: Support vector regression (SVR) is a subset of decision tree regression (DT) and artificial neural networks (ANNs). Following that, a Web User Interface (WUI) was created using the Decision Tree paradigm, which proved to be the most efficient. In theoretical terms, this work opens the door to further developments in gas engineering. The prediction capability of the models could potentially further improved by adding more experimental data to the dataset used for training.
The trans-European catchment area of common noctule bats killed by wind turbines in France
Authors: Merlet Maela , Arthur Laurent , Soto David X. , Voigt Christian C. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Wind turbines used to combat climate change pose a green-green dilemma when endangered and protected wildlife species are killed by collisions with spinning blades. Here, we investigated the geographic origin of bats killed by wind turbines along an east-west transect in France to determine the spatial extent of this conflict in Western Europe. We analysed stable hydrogen isotopes in the fur keratin of 60 common noctule bats ( Nyctalus noctula ) killed by wind turbines during summer migration in four regions of France to predict their geographic origin using models based on precipitation isoscapes. We first separated migratory from regional individuals based on fur isotope ratios of local bats. Across all regions, 71.7% of common noctules killed by turbines were of regional and 28.3% of distant origin, the latter being predominantly females from northeastern Europe. We observed a higher proportion of migratory individuals from western sites compared to eastern sites. Our study suggests that wind-turbine-related losses of common noctule bats may impact distant breeding populations across whole Eurasia, confirming that migratory bats are highly vulnerable at wind turbines and that effective conservation measures, such as temporary curtailment of turbine operation, should be mandatory to protect them from collisions with wind turbines.
Bringing fractal analysis to the GPU
Authors: Nikolaides John 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

In our previous work, we introduced the quickest method of colour image Fractal Analysis there wasup to that point. Despite being incomparably faster than previous methods, it had an O(n log n)“hot path” that prevented it from scaling linearly (ie O(n)) with input.To counteract this, in this paper, we utilise the power of function-oriented programming in order totransport this algorithm to the GPU. This leads to an impressive increase in speed, ending up with anO(n), memory-bound algorithm rather than a time-bound one. To this end, we analyse the varioussub-steps we had to take, including some intermediate results. Firstly, we present the work that hasbeen done in the currently-available literature; secondly, we present our two new implementationsand explain their specific unique points; finally, we present our results and conclude the paper.
Directional Adaptive Metric Sampling Minimal Expected Loss: A Continuous Optimisation Method
Authors: Purnawan Rizal , Adzkiya Dieky 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

This paper presents an optimisation method called Directional Adaptive Metric Sampling Minimal Expected Loss (DAMSMEL) which uses a technique of minimising the expected value of the objective function across a sample of neighbourhood points in an iterative manner generated uniformly in a bidirectional configuration with respect to the vector basis with exponentially decaying distance of adjacent points as well as a reset mechanism, and this method does not rely on gradient information. DAMSMEL is intended to be a robust optimisation method which can escape local minima in non-convex landscapes, overcoming an inherent limitation associated with gradient-based methods. This paper presents the theoretical foundation of DAMSMEL within probability theory and functional analysis including a rigorous proof that DAMSMEL is convergent to a global minimum in convex optimisation landscapes. We have conducted tests on convex and non-convex optimisation problems, on a machine learning regression problem, as well as a non-linear problem, comparing DAMSMEL with GD, Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD), Adaptive Moment Estimation (Adam) and Ordinary Least Squares (OLS). Results show that while both DAMSMEL and GD converge to the global minimum in the convex case, GD gets trapped in local minima for the non-convex problem, whereas DAMSMEL successfully converges to the global minimum, demonstrating DAMSMEL's robustness in non-convex optimisation. In the machine learning regression task, DAMSMEL, SGD, and OLS yield comparable accuracy. And in the non-linear problem, DAMSMEL outperforms GD, SGD and Adam as it provides the most accurate solution compared to GD, SGD and Adam with huge margins. However, DAMSMEL tends to require longer runtimes due to its computational complexity, making it currently more suitable for low to medium-scale optimisation problems.
MSC Classification: 65K10
Use of the Delphi method to assess the potential role of enhanced information systems in Mediterranean groundwater management and governance
Authors: López-Gunn Elena , Rica Marta , Zugasti Ibon , Hernaez Oihana , Pulido-Velazquez Manuel , Sanchis-Ibor Carles 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

This research explores the interface between data, information, and knowledge on groundwater systems. We aim to identify the main emergent foresight knowledge related to the application to groundwater management of what we have defined as enhanced information systems (EISs). The results presented are based on results from a Delphi study undertaken at a global scale with 60 experts. The ultimate objective is contributing to participatory and sustainable groundwater management in Mediterranean regions. The results indicate that EISs are a necessary part of improving groundwater management, but they are not sufficient alone. This prospective study indicates that EISs must be framed by a strong command-and-control system. They must have clear rules, stimulate stakeholder empowerment, and facilitate inclusive governance based on the citizen–science-inclusive governance interface. The experts believe this path is seriously challenged by the fierce competition and rivalry for water resources. However, the interface between citizens/users and EISs can help tip the balance so that, if there is more trust in science (and it is used through EISs) and more transparency in data management, stakeholder empowerment can materialise.
The Mineral Recovery Enhanced Desalination (MRED) process for improved brackish water desalination
Authors: Thomson Bruce , Howe Kerry , Lee C. Odell 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

A 4 L/min pilot study of a pretreatment process for brackish water desalination, known as the Mineral Recovery Enhanced Desalination process, was designed and tested. The objectives of the process are to (1) reduce the volume and mass of concentrate requiring disposal, (2) remove scale-forming constituents, (3) recover commodity minerals, and (4) increase feed water recovery by a subsequent desalination system. The process consists of (1) air stripping to remove dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), (2) high pH precipitation and membrane filtration to remove high-purity magnesium hydroxide, (3) ion exchange (IX) to remove calcium, and (4) nanofiltration (NF) to remove sulfate. The pretreated water consists of a monovalent salt solution with low scaling potential that allows increased feed water recovery and reduced waste production. The IX regenerant containing calcium can be combined with the high sulfate concentrate from the NF process to precipitate gypsum. The system achieved more than 98% removal of calcium, magnesium, and sulfate and more than 90% removal of DIC. No fouling of NF and reverse osmosis membranes was observed. A steady-state model was developed and calibrated to calculate the chemical quality and material balances for water and major ions.
Consensus Between Radiologists, Specialists in Internal Medicine, and AI Software on Chest X-Rays in a Hospital-at-Home Service: Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Grossbard Eitan , Marziano Yehonatan , Sharabi Adam , Abutbul Eliyahu , Berman Aya , Kassif-Lerner Reut , Barkai Galia , Hakim Hila , Segal Gad 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Home hospitalization is a care modality growing in popularity worldwide. Telemedicine-driven hospital-at-home (HAH) services could replace traditional hospital departments for selected patients. Chest x-rays typically serve as a key diagnostic tool in such cases.

Objective
The implementation, analysis, and clinical assimilation of chest x-rays into an HAH service has not been described yet. Our objective is to introduce this essential information to the realm of HAH services for the first time worldwide.

Methods
The study involved a prospective follow-up, description, and analysis of the HAH patient population who underwent chest x-rays at home. A comparative analysis was performed to evaluate the level of agreement among three interpretation modalities: a radiologist, a specialist in internal medicine, and a designated artificial intelligence (AI) algorithm.

Results
Between February 2021 and May 2023, 300 chest radiographs were performed at the homes of 260 patients, with the median age being 78 (IQR 65‐87) years. The most frequent underlying morbidity was cardiovascular disease (n=185, 71.2%). Of the x-rays, 286 (95.3%) were interpreted by a specialist in internal medicine, 29 (9.7%) by a specialized radiologist, and 95 (31.7%) by the AI software. The overall raw agreement level among these three modalities exceeded 90%. The consensus level evaluated using the Cohen κ coefficient showed substantial agreement (κ=0.65) and moderate agreement (κ=0.49) between the specialist in internal medicine and the radiologist, and between the specialist in internal medicine and the AI software, respectively.

Conclusions
Chest x-rays play a crucial role in the HAH setting. Rapid and reliable interpretation of these x-rays is essential for determining whether a patient requires transfer back to in-hospital surveillance. Our comparative results showed that interpretation by an experienced specialist in internal medicine demonstrates a significant level of consensus with that of the radiologists. However, AI algorithm-based interpretation needs to be further developed and revalidated prior to clinical applications.
Measuring Bound Attention During Complex Liver Surgery Planning: Feasibility Study
Authors: Schneider Tim , Cetin Timur , Uppenkamp Stefan , Weyhe Dirk , Muender Thomas , Reinschluessel Anke V , Salzmann Daniela , Uslar Verena 
Published: November 2024

Background
The integration of advanced technologies such as augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR) into surgical procedures has garnered significant attention. However, the introduction of these innovations requires thorough evaluation in the context of human-machine interaction. Despite their potential benefits, new technologies can complicate surgical tasks and increase the cognitive load on surgeons, potentially offsetting their intended advantages. It is crucial to evaluate these technologies not only for their functional improvements but also for their impact on the surgeon’s workload in clinical settings. A surgical team today must increasingly navigate advanced technologies such as AR and VR, aiming to reduce surgical trauma and enhance patient safety. However, each innovation needs to be evaluated in terms of human-machine interaction. Even if an innovation appears to bring advancements to the field it is applied in, it may complicate the work and increase the surgeon’s workload rather than benefiting the surgeon.

Objective
This study aims to establish a method for objectively determining the additional workload generated using AR or VR glasses in a clinical context for the first time.

Methods
Electroencephalography (EEG) signals were recorded using a passive auditory oddball paradigm while 9 participants performed surgical planning for liver resection across 3 different conditions: (1) using AR glasses, (2) VR glasses, and (3) the conventional planning software on a computer.

Results
The electrophysiological results, that is, the potentials evoked by the auditory stimulus, were compared with the subjectively perceived stress of the participants, as determined by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration-Task Load Index (NASA-TLX) questionnaire. The AR condition had the highest scores for mental demand (median 75, IQR 70-85), effort (median 55, IQR 30-65), and frustration (median 40, IQR 15-75) compared with the VR and PC conditions. The analysis of the EEG revealed a trend toward a lower amplitude of the N1 component as well as for the P3 component at the central electrodes in the AR condition, suggesting a higher workload for participants when using AR glasses. In addition, EEG components in the VR condition did not reveal any noticeable differences compared with the EEG components in the conventional planning condition. For the P1 component, the VR condition elicited significantly earlier latencies at the Fz electrode (mean 75.3 ms, SD 25.8 ms) compared with the PC condition (mean 99.4 ms, SD 28.6 ms).

Conclusions
The results suggest a lower stress level when using VR glasses compared with AR glasses, likely due to the 3D visualization of the liver model. Additionally, the alignment between subjectively determined results and objectively determined results confirms the validity of the study design applied in this research.
A case of recurrent left facial neuropathy during pregnancy
Authors: Shpak I.V. , Zhelezov D.M. , Vorokhta Yu.M. 
Published: November 2024

An analysis of the features of acute facial neuropathy during pregnancy was carried out. The article considers a clinical case of recurrent left facial neuropathy during pregnancy with complete regression of symptoms after therapy. Recurrent Bell’s palsy occurred in a 35-year-old woman during her third pregnancy. In the third trimester of the second pregnancy, she had a mild left-sided prosoparesis (grade 1 on the House-Brackmann scale). The patient received corticosteroid therapy (prednisone orally), gave birth on time, and the paresis completely regressed after treatment. Parity between pregnancies was 2 years. During the current pregnancy, at 37 weeks, the patient developed pronounced left-sided prosoparesis (grade 4 on the House-Brackmann scale). She received betamethasone at a dose of 12 mg per day for 2 days. A week later, after induction of labor with oxytocin, she gave birth to a boy weighing 3,765 g, body length was 51 cm. One-minute Apgar score was 8 points, five-minute Apgar score was 8 points. In the postpartum period, the patient underwent physical therapy and did mimic gymnastics. Magnetic resonance imaging performed after delivery revealed no signs of vasoneural conflict and focal lesions. Complete regression of symptoms was achieved, which is a rather rare clinical outcome in such patients. Recurrent Bell’s palsy usually occurs in pregnant women with comorbid diabetes, obesity, insulin resistance, and hypertension. In this case, there was no pronounced comorbid background. The algorithm used in obstetric practice to prevent fetal distress syndrome with betamethasone administration for 48 hours was applied in our patient. The role of interaction in the format of a multidisciplinary team when managing pregnant women with neurological pathology is analyzed.
Identidad queer y resilencia: una aproximación interseccional de La Mucama de Omicunlé de Rita Indiana Hernández
Authors: Ngo Mbeb Clementine 
Published: November 2024

La presente comunicación examina en La Mucama de Omicunlé (2015) de la dominicana Rita Indiana Hernández las formas de discriminación que por razones de género, etnia, clase u orientación sexual sufren las personas queers en la sociedad dominicana. El sustento teórico se desarrolla a partir de las principales aportaciones del feminismo descolonial, el paradigma interseccional, y el psicoanálisis, los cuales permiten desarrollar nuevas perspectivas de análisis en torno a las dinámicas identitarias. En la obra, examinamos las trayectorias de tres personajes: Ester Escudero una lesbiana, Asco un travesti y Alcide un andrógino y transexual. Esos personajes viven en carne propia los estragos del odio y del rechazo de la sociedad. A través de sus recorridos existenciales, cuestionamos factores como el sexo, el género y la orientación sexual como matices que dificultan el proceso de inserción social del sujeto queer en sociedades heteropatriarcales. Desde, nuestro análisis, resaltamos que la resiliencia del sujeto queer (lésbico, homosexual, andrógino o transexual) replantea las normas sociales vigentes y responde a una visión inclusiva de la sociedad dominicana. Asimismo, destacamos la renegociación identitaria como forma privilegiada de superación frente a la opresión.