bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How do we present messy syndromic surveillance data to public health’s partners?
Authors: Atrubin David , Ergas R , Kite-Powell A 
Published: October 2019

Objective: To discuss data disclaimers and caveats that are fundamental to sharing syndromic surveillance (SyS) dataIntroduction: With increasing awareness of SyS systems, there has been a concurrent increase in demand for data from these systems – both from researchers and from the media. The opioid epidemic occurring in the United States has forced the SyS community to determine the best way to present these data in a way that makes sense while acknowledging the incompleteness and variability in how the data are collected at the hospital level and queried at the user level. While significant time and effort are spent discussing optimal queries, responsible presentation of the data - including data disclaimers - is rarely discussed within the SyS community.Description: This roundtable will provide a forum for national, state, and local users of syndromic surveillance systems to discuss these SyS data disclaimers. Over the last few months, an informal working group has crafted data disclaimer language. Members of this working group will facilitate the discussion and present their template for comment and discussion. Other members of the SyS will be encouraged to share their jurisdiction-specific data disclaimer language. The focus of this roundtable will be on effective communication of emergency department SyS data.How the Moderator Intends to Engage the Audience in Discussions on the Topic: This roundtable is well suited to audience participation as all jurisdictions are faced with how to communicate SyS data. Jurisdictions will likely have varying degrees of experience with disclaimers of this sort, so opportunities for sharing of work will be useful to the broader SyS community.Sample Questions:Does your jurisdiction have standardized language that accompanies your SyS data?How does the SyS community best share data that is often incomplete and subject to inter-hospital variability?What kinds of reporting would the SyS community like to come from the NSSP?
DEPOSITIONAL MODELS FOR JURASSIC REEFAL BUILDUPS
Authors: CREVELLO PAUL D. , HARRIS PAUL M. 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACT
Studies of Jurassic carbonate reefal buildups from the surface and subsurface of the United States Gulf Coast (including the Smackover Formation), the eastern North American Margin, and the Tethyan reef belt of Europe and northwest Africa show that buildup development occurred in three depositional settings: (1) deep, quiet water below wave base; (2) gently sloping platforms (ramps) subjected to wave agitation; and (3) margins of steeply rimmed, wave-swept platforms. A classification developed for the buildups from these various depositional settings emphasizes the major reef-framebuilding assemblages which, if combined with studies of buildup-related facies, provide a basis for interpretation of depositional setting and paleoenvironmental reconstruction.
Buildups that developed in deep, quiet-water settings below wave base were constructed primarily by siliceous sponges and thrombolite/stromatolite algal (?) structures. Accessory reef-dwelling biotic communities and related lithofacies assemblages indicate that these sponge-algal buildups grew in normal marine waters either on gently sloping platforms, in settings downslope from platform margins, or on basin floor highs.
Buildups that developed on wave-agitated, gently sloping platforms show the greatest range in framebuilding assemblages and are the most common types in the subsurface Smackover Formation. In lower-energy settings, which could range in water depth depending on wave energy, these buildups were constructed by siliceous and calcareous sponges, chaetitids, corals, stromatolites/thrombolites, and calcareous algae. Such buildups apparently represent an intermediate assemblage between the sponge-algal deep-water mounds and the coral-dominated patch-reef mounds developed in more energetic platform settings. The coral-dominated patch reefs contain abundant calcareous biota such as skeletal algae, calcareous sponges, and stromatoporoids. Commonly, reworking of the reef core by waves produced piles of skeletal debris. In regions where salinities and temperatures of marine waters covering the platforms diverged from normal oceanic conditions, biotic-community assemblages were reduced, resulting in stromatolite algal (?) buildups.
Buildups replete with coral, stromatoporoid, calcareous sponge, and skeletal algae framebuilders developed on steepened platform margins facing open oceans. Stromatoporoid assemblages enabled these buildups to be differentiated into back-reef patch reefs and platform-margin reefs.
Miocene Oil Source Beds in the East Breaks Basin, Flex-Trend, Offshore, Texas
Authors: Dow Wallace G. , Yukler M. Arif , Senftle Joseph T. , Kennicuttii M. C. , Armentrout John M. 
Published: October 2019

Crude oils in Pliocene reservoirs at East Breaks 160/161 field, offshore Texas are partially biodegraded and have compositions typical of continental shelf oils and are unlike most Flex-Trend oils. Geochemical data on samples from a deep well clearly define the presence of oil-generating kerogen which can easily be overlooked by conventional analytical techniques. A model is offered for the deposition of even better quality oil source beds during the Middle Miocene and Early Pliocene transgressive cycles. Hydrogen-rich, marine organic matter is deposited under anoxic conditions on the upper continental slope. Turbidites carried this material to accumulation sites in oxic middle and lower slope basins where rapid sedimentation prevented consumption by benthonic scavengers. Slower sedimentation in interbasin areas, on basin flanks, and on continental rises permitted biodegradation of hydrogen-rich kerogen. Turbidites deposited during regressive cycles contain only low yield, oxidized organic matter.
A basin model of a deep well in the field shows that peak oil generation occurs within the Middle Miocene section at depths between about 13 and 15 thousand feet and began only 200,000 years ago. The model indicates that Middle Miocene source beds in the East Breaks intraslope basin depocenter are actively generating and expelling oil and gas at the present time. The heating rate is very high due to rapid burial, convection along growth faults, and proximity to salt. Oil generation and expulsion are, therefore, highly efficient and take place at relatively low maturity levels (0.5 to 0.7 Ro).
East Breaks 160/161 field is believed to be a closed petroleum system and contains all of the elements necessary for the generation, migration, and accumulation of oil and gas. Effective Middle Miocene oil source beds are connected to sealed Pliocene and Pleistocene reservoirs by an active growth fault system. Underlying salt appears to isolate the system from possible Early Tertiary and Mesozoic oil source beds. Because the East Breaks oils are correlative with other continental shelf oils, a similar source for all is implied. Structural style controls the distribution of Gulf Coast Late Tertiary oil by providing source bed and reservoir depositional sites as well as vertical migration pathways. When integrated with geology and geophysics, geochemistry can help lower finding costs by identifying prospects with all of the elements necessary for petroleum occurrence.
Late Pleistocene Sequence Stratigraphy of The Texas Continental Shelf: Relationship to ∂18O Curves
Authors: Thomas Mark A. , Anderson John B. 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACT
Integration of recently acquired Uniboom profiles with an existing regional sparker profile refines the definition of seismic sequences on the Texas shelf. The distribution of seismic sequences generally matches the shape of globally averaged ∂18O curves, which suggests eustasy is the primary control on sequence development. Seismic profiles of the Trinity/Sabine incised valley demonstrate that fluvial terraces are coeval with coastal sequences, i.e., they occur within the same unconformity bounded unit.
THE CONTINENT-OCEAN BOUNDARY IN THE GULF OF MEXICO AND THE RED SEA AS AN ANALOG FOR EARLY GULF HISTORY: SALT BASINS UNDERLAIN BY OCEANIC CRUST
Authors: HALL DAVID J. 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTFor the past twenty years, the Red Sea (RS) has been appealed to as a more or less direct analog for the opening and early history of the Gulf of Mexico (GOM). New refraction, gravity/magnetic, and ever-improving seismic reflection data from the GOM, coupled with new field results and interpretations from the area surrounding the RS suggest the direct analog concept may be productively re-evaluated. There is now a general consensus that much of the Jurassic Louann salt was in fact precipitated in an enclosed evaporating basin overlying oceanic crust, although water depths were shelfal rather than bathyal. The apparent discrepancy is explained by rapid subsidence following the Sclater curve: young oceanic crust is isostatically buoyant and easily supports shallow water deposition. The RS follows the same pattern, with the edge of oceanic crust (continent-ocean boundary or COB) coincident with the landward edge of the thick (more than 3-4 km) salt basin. Current models for the COB in the GOM extend oceanic crust far north of the Sigsbee scarp to underlie the entire continental slope offshore Texas and Louisiana. This location solves several long-standing problems, including the “room” problem for the Yucatan block and the gross asymmetry in the widths of transitional crust in earlier models. Although simple shear models may still be appealed to, as in the RS, the scales of the two salt basins are brought much closer together, and the revised COB parallels the lower Cretaceous shelf edge in a much more satisfactory way. Room for interpretation differences still persists in the location of the rotation pole (or poles); both clockwise and counter-clockwise rotations are possible explanations for the revised COB shape, and the different rotation directions produce oceanic ridge and transform patterns at high angles to each other. More research will be needed to resolve these issues, but for the moment the building consensus on the general outlines of the COB is noteworthy and encouraging. A direct comparison of the current RS and the Jurassic GOM at about half its total width establishes the renewed plausibility of the analog concept.
SALT STRUCTURES AS INDICATORS OF SUBSALT RIFT BASIN FAULTS AND FAULT-CONTROLLED RESERVOIRS
Authors: MATHISEN MARK E. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Improvements in base-salt and subsalt seismic data quality have made it possible to recognize a spatial relationship between numerous salt structures, base-salt faults, and major subsalt rift basin reservoirs, and to develop geoseismic models for the prediction of subsalt fault-controlled rift basin reservoirs. The spatial relationship between salt structures and base-salt faults observed in many Europe and North American basins has led to the suggestion that faults and the resulting base-salt displacement, slope variations, thermal anomalies, paleotopography, and differential subsalt sediment compaction may contribute to a base-salt fault trigger mechanism which can control the initial location, trend, and morphology of salt structures.
Consideration of the spatial salt structure-base-salt fault association in combination with a plausible base-salt fault trigger mechanism suggests that a genetic relationship may exist between many base-salt faults and salt structures which can be used to develop predictive models of subsalt structure and fault-controlled reservoir distribution. Models of initial salt structure development based on seismic and well data from Europe and North America summarize the effect of both presalt and post-salt normal, strike slip, and transverse faults that displace the base-salt, as well as faults that cut into the overburden. Similarities between the various models are integrated into a generalized model which can be used to predict the location and type of subsalt faults, and extend the interpretation of subsalt faults to poor seismic data areas and new areas. Since subsalt rift basin faults may have also controlled synrift sedimentary and diagenetic facies distribution, the salt structure-base-salt fault model can also be used to identify areas with the best subsalt synrift-postrift reservoir potential.
Drilling results have confirmed subsalt fault and reservoir predictions based on the salt structure-base-salt fault model. Given the numerous rift systems overlain by evaporites with salt structures, the model should lead to the development of a relatively low risk-high potential subsalt reservoir prediction strategy that can be applied to other rift basins with good source potential that are sealed by salt.
THE STRUCTURAL GEOMETRY AND EVOLUTION OF THE SALT-RELATED PERDIDO FOLD BELT, ALAMINOS CANYON, NORTHWESTERN DEEP GULF OF MEXICO
Authors: TRUDGILL BRUCE D. , ROWAN MARK G. , WEIMER PAUL , FIDUK J. CARL , GALE PETER E. , KORN BRYANT E. , PHAIR RONALD L. , GAFFORD WILLIAM T. , DISCHINGER JAMES B. , ROBERTS GENEVA R. , HENAGE LYLE F. 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACT
The Perdido fold belt, located in the northwest part of the Gulf of Mexico basin, is defined by a series of large-scale fold structures that extend southwest into Mexican waters and northeast beneath the Sigsbee salt nappe. Within the Alaminos Canyon OCS lease area, the fold belt consists of northeast-southwest trending, sub-parallel, concentric, box folds cut on one or both of their flanks by high-angle reverse faults. The folds are slightly asymmetric and verge both landward and basinward, a geometry typical of contractional fold belts formed above a weak detachment layer. The folds uplift the regional middle Cretaceous sequence boundary (MCSB) by up to 3 km, with a basinward decrease in height and amplitude of the folds.
Detailed structural mapping has led to a model for the structural evolution of the Perdido fold belt that is consistent with sequence stratigraphic analysis of the seismic data. Minor salt movement occurred during the Late Jurassic and Early Cretaceous, as indicated by onlapping and thickness variations within the relatively thin overlying section at that time. Salt mobilization before the main phase of shortening led to early growth of some fold structures during the Eocene-early Oligocene. The main phase of compressional deformation occurred during the late Oligocene-early Miocene by gravity sliding on a detachment within the Jurassic Louann Salt. The basinward limit of autochthonous salt deposition defined the southeastern margin of the foldbelt. Detailed analyses of onlapping middle to upper Miocene strata indicate that separate folds had different evolutionary histories and developed variable along-strike geometries. Subsequent Pliocene to present-day reactivation of the highest-relief structures further modified the fold geometries. Topographic relief over the highest folds has in turn influenced the evolution of the allochthonous Sigsbee salt nappe. The advancing salt nappe has been deflected around the highest fold structures, resulting in a complex allochthonous salt sheet geometry.
Previous studies of the Perdido fold belt have produced conflicting interpretations for the evolution of the fold geometries. These include salt or shale-cored interpretations and the development of the fold geometries by imbrication and fault-bend folding. Our interpretation favours an origin as salt-cored detachment folds, with late modification by re-mobilization of salt in the cores of the folds.
EPISODIC GROWTH OF SALT DIAPIRS DRIVEN BY HORIZONTAL SHORTENING
Authors: VENDEVILLE BRUNO C. , NILSEN KÅRE T. 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTWe use natural examples and mechanical and geometric reasoning to demonstrate that lateral contraction can trigger episodic rise of previously extinct salt diapirs, even after their source layer has been depleted. Contraction preferentially shortens diapirs, forcing salt upward, rather than deforms the stronger, adjacent sediment overburden. Contraction may be induced by regional compression, tectonic inversion, or by downslope gravity gliding along basin margins during basement subsidence. Contraction often remains cryptic; emergent diapirs rejuvenated by contraction rise with the apparent geometry of passive diapirs, whereas rejuvenated buried diapirs rise with the apparent geometry of active diapirs. Structural clues that interpreters can use to elucidate whether diapir rise was driven by contraction include thick, deformed diapir roofs; pinched-off diapir stems; salt pedestals; diapir rise through flatlying sediment strata; and folds, thrusts, or wrench blocks along the strike or dip of the diapirs.
SEQUENCE ARCHITECTURE OF A TRIASSIC SEMI-ARID, FLUVIO-LACUSTRINE RESERVOIR, WYTCH FARM FIELD, SOUTHERN ENGLAND
Authors: MCKIE T. , AGGETT J. , HOGG A.J.C. 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACT
The Triassic Sherwood Sandstone Group reservoir in the Wytch Farm Field is a c. 150m thick red bed succession deposited in a variety of fluvial, lacustrine and aeolian depositional systems within an actively extensional basin. These systems show at least three orders of facies cyclicity which are interpreted to be the depositional response to base level and climatic changes. The first-order evolutionary trend spans the entire Sherwood Sandstone Group and marks a change from perennial braidplain to ephemeral sheetflood systems to ephemeral lacustrine conditions, culminating in the deposition of playa mudrocks of the overlying Mercia Mudstone Group. The Mercia mudstone shows evidence of marine incursions (several hundred meters above the Sherwood). The first order trend reflects a long-term waning of sand supply across the Wytch Farm area and increasing ‘flashiness’ of the fluvial system coupled with a long term base level rise. The first order facies trend can be subdivided into second-order cycles within the Sherwood by four areally widespread, heavily rooted floodplain and ephemeral lacustrine deposits containing only minor fluvial sandstones. The floodplain and lacustrine deposits represent widespread reductions in sand flux combined with rising base level during more ‘humid’ climatic conditions. These horizons form the basis for the reservoir layering scheme because they are field-wide, have unique core and wireline log expressions and bound fluvial intervals of fundamentally different depositional character. Higher frequency third order cycles are defined by thin (&lt;2m), but areally widespread floodplain and lacustrine horizons which are most readily identifiable in the upper half of the Sherwood section. The sandstones between these cycles are composed of aeolian and sheetflood deposits, but are eroded by coarse grained multistorey/multilateral channel deposits infilling incisional topography. The incisions are interpreted to be the result of fluvial erosion during dry climatic conditions when lake levels fell and the alluvial plain was devegetated. The interfluves to the incisions are locally marked by deep rhizocretionary calcrete precipitated around the roots of phreatophyte-like plants which attempted to reach the lowered water table. The infilling fluvial deposits form the principal producing intervals in the upper part of the reservoir. At outcrop, the stratigraphically equivalent Otter Sandstone Formation (c. 100km to the west) shows a comparable punctuated evolutionary pattern, albeit with a subtly different facies make-up. The recognition of a hierarchy of facies cycles within the reservoir permits high resolution correlation and the recognition of subtle, but important changes in sandbody geometry and connectivity within successive cycles.
INTEGRATED DESCRIPTION OF A COMPLEX LOW NET/GROSS SANDSTONE RESERVOIR: UPPER SUBZONES OF THE ENDICOTT FIELD, NORTH SLOPE OF ALASKA
Authors: REYNOLDS TONY , SHAW ANNE , WARREN ED 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACT
The reservoir description for the upper subzones of Endicott field has been radically revised by the integration of fluid and geological data. Dynamic fluid data - tracer and production data - were combined with static pressure data and sequence stratigraphy to build a flow-unit description of the reservoir. Detailed interpretation of core produced a revised sedimentological model of the reservoir in which sand is focused in incised valleys. The combined results have been used to identify unswept oil and locate a series of successful infill wells.
RP-HPLC and HPTLC Methods for Analysis of Selected Herbs Used as Complexion Promoters in Ayurveda and Unani Systems of Medicine
Authors: Sharma Akanksha , Katiyar Chandra Kant , Banerjee Subhadip , Chanda Joydeb , Kar Amit , Biswas Sayan , Mukherjee Pulok K 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background: In Ayurvedic and Unani texts, many herbs and formulations are mentioned as complexion promoters having skin brightening and whitening effects that downregulate melanin synthesis. However, with the assistance of chromatographic techniques, further validation of scientific standardization is required. Objective: To validate individual herbs and formulations in the ancient literature, some scientific aspects are to be focused on, including standardization of herbs or herbal products consisting of the active compounds. Methods: Out of many herbs having complexion promoting properties, three herbs (Myristica fragrans, Hemidesmus indicus, and Inula racemosa) were selected for the study. In the present study, validated reverse phase (RP)-HPLC and high-performance TLC (HPTLC) methods were developed for standardization of the herbs. Results: It was observed that the quercetin present in M. fragrans was 0.62% (w/w) with a retention time (Rt) of 6.23 min, the ferulic acid present in H. indicus was 1.39% (w/w) with an Rt of 8.083 min, and the chlorogenic acid present in I. racemosa was 1.03% (w/w) with an Rt of 3.19 min. The HPTLC method showed 1.23% (w/w) of quercetin present in M. fragrans with a retardation factor (Rf) of 0.48, ferulic acid in H. indicus was 1.52% (w/w) with an Rf of 0.44, and chlorogenic acid was 1.09% (w/w) in I. racemosa with an Rf of 0.52. Conclusions: This specific and precise validated method can be useful for the quality evaluation and quantitative determination of the constituents in complexion-promoting herbs from Ayurveda and Unani systems of medicine. Highlights: The exploration of complexion promoters from Ayurveda and Unani; quality evaluation of complexion promoters herbs from Ayurveda and Unani; HPTLC and RP-HPLC analysis of herbal extracts used and their validation.
As Novas territorialidades dos Ka’apor nas Comunidades I’puy renda e Turizinho
Authors: Cunha Evilania Bento da 
Published: October 2019

O artigo aqui apresentado é o resultado de um capítulo da dissertação de Mestrado do Programa de Linguagens e saberes na Amazônia da Universidade Federal do Pará. Mostraremos uma análise das narrativas orais de lideranças Ka’apor das comunidades Turizinho e I’puy renda na tentativa de compreender os processos de territorialização dessas comunidades. O instrumento metodológico adotado foi a entrevista semi estruturada e as memórias e experiências da pesquisadora de quando trabalhou no Projeto de educação Ka’apor como educadora formadora.Palavras–chave: Ka’apor, Amazônia Oriental, Território, TerritorializaçãoAbstract The article presented here is the result of a chapter of the dissertation Master of the Program of Languages and Knowledge in the Amazon of the Federal University of Pará. We will present an analysis of the oral narratives of Ka'apor leaderships of the Turizinho and I'puy communities in an attempt to understand the processes of territorialization of these communities. The methodological instrument adopted was the semi-structured interview and the experiences and memories of the researcher from when she worked on the Ka'apor Education Project as a formative educator.Keywords: Ka'apor; Eastern Amazonia, Territory, Territorialisation.