bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Public-private partnership: investments in transport infrastructure
Authors: Semenov A. V. 
Published: September 2019

The presented study examines public-private partnership with respect to investments in the Russian infrastructure.Aim. The study aims to assess the feasibility of using public-private partnership for investments in the country’s transport infrastructure.Tasks. The author examines the projected investments in the Russian transport infrastructure, determines the segment of the transport infrastructure that needs the most investment, and analyzes the possible applications of public-private partnership for investments in transport infrastructure. The task is to examine the existing legal framework for the implementation of public-private partnership in the investments in transport infrastructure.Methods. The study uses such methods as analysis, synthesis, and comparison.Results. The author identifies the major directions for investments in transport infrastructure, determines the priority area in the implementation of public-private partnership in infrastructure — transport infrastructure, in which roads are the main area for the application of public-private partnership. The types of implementation of public-private partnership for the construction of roads are examined.Conclusions. It is established that there is an increasing need to apply public-private partnership to the development of the country’s infrastructure and its transport sector, and the major mechanisms for the implementation of public-private partnership in the construction of roads are revealed.
Social resources in the industrial enterprise development strategy
Authors: Potemkin V. K. , Mikhaylov S. G. , Murashov S. B. 
Published: September 2019

Mainstreaming of the issue of resources in the implementation of enterprise development strategies makes it necessary to determine the extent of its impact on the efficiency and quality of labor, with a focus on the formation and use of a whole range of social resources. The presented study is based on a decade of comparative research that covers 19 industrial enterprises across Saint Petersburg to examine the effects of resources on the efficiency of an enterprise in pursuaing its strategic objectives.Aim. The study aims to substantiate the way resources increase performance and improve the efficiency of development strategy implementation in indusitral enterprises.Tasks. The authors perform a theoretical and empirical analysis of the problem of using the social resources of industrial enterprises, analyze risks of insufficient management support in a market economy, and develop a set of measures aimed at optimizing the use of internal resources to increase the performance of industrial enterprises.Methods. The theoretical and methodological basis of the study includes the interview method, expert assessment, content analysis, and findings of foreign and Russian scientists in the field of social and labor relations, development of labor potential, improvement of the enterprise management system, formation of behavioral practices among employees to improve labor efficiency.Results. This study provides a practical assessment of social resources at industrial enterprises in terms of the social expectations of employees, the level of trust between individuals and groups, commitment to the goals and values of the enterprise, opportunities for creative and professional fulfilment, perception of the fairness of compensation, social and psychological climate, etc. It is established that disregard for the resource component leads to social and psychological division, divergence of values, spiritual and moral positions, employee performance benchmarks, and impaired productivity in general. The study substantiates the importance of coordinated goals for each functional unit; procedures for continuous collection and analysis of enterprise performance data; development ofprofessional knowledge, skills, abilities, and experience; the need to identify, assess, and provide managerial support for the socially important qualities of employees.Conclusions. The obtained empirical data make it possible to develop a set of measures for industrial enterprises to identify, assess, and provide managerial support for the socially important qualities of employees, and to optimize the use of internal reserves that are the most significant resource for the enterprise development strategy.
Problems of Implementation of an Import Substitution Policy in the Oil Industry
Authors: Vertakova Yu. V. , Evtyukhin A. S. 
Published: September 2019

The presented study addresses the issues of implementation of an import substitution policy in the Russian oil industry. Support of domestic production is a key objective specified in the message of the President of the Russian Federation in 2019. In light of the current economic situation and considering the importance of the oil industry for the Russian economy, an import substitution policy could help achieve the objective set by the President.Aim.The study aims to identify the problems and ways of implementation of an import substitution policy in the Russian oil industry.Tasks.The authors analyze scientific publications on import substitution and the state of the Russian oil industry at the current stage of development; determine the directions and fundamental trends in the development of the oil industry; identify obstacles that hinder the implementation of an import substitution policy in the oil industry; describe conditions that facilitate the development of the investment process in the oil industry; propose comprehensive methods and ways to intensify investments and optimize costs for enterprises in the oil industry.Methods.This study uses general scientific methods of cognition, comparative and statistical analysis to identify problems in the implementation of an import substitution policy in the oil industry.Results. Examination of the current state and development prospects of the oil industry allows the authors to identify obstacles to the development of import substitution. The study shows their impact on the potential of import substitution, which has a negative effect on the prospects of intensification of investment processes, and proposes comprehensive methods and mechanisms that could neutralize the impact of the identified obstacles, thus facilitating the formation of a positive investment climate. Conclusions. Investment climate is shown to have a decisive impact on the potential of import substitution in the Russian oil industry, and ways of overcoming negative trends in the development of the oil industry are proposed.
Value and motivational aspects of employee personality in the monetary and financial sector
Authors: Vel’misova D. V. 
Published: September 2019

The presented study examines the value and motivational aspects of employee personality in the monetary and financial sector in 2017–2019.Aim. The study aims to perform a sociological analysis of value and motivational aspects and to substantiate their regulatory role in improving employee performance in the monetary and financial sector.Tasks. Based on the proposed methodology for the diagnostics of the value and motivational aspects of employee personality in the monetary and financial sector, the author performs an empirical analysis of the professional activity of different employee categories, identifies the major orientations and preferences, and develops a five-step plan to improve employee motivation in professional activity.Methods. The theoretical and methodological basis of this study includes findings of Russian and foreign authors in the field of value systems, motives, personal priorities, their formation, dynamics, and impact on individual and social development.Results. The study determines the essence of value and motivational aspects; develops a refined methodology for the diagnostics of the value and motivational aspects of employee personality in the monetary and financial sector; performs a comparative analysis of value and motivational aspects, including detection of statistically significant differences depending on employee affiliation with professional qualification and status groups; identifies patterns in the dynamics of the value-semantic space of monetary and financial organizations in the field of social and labor relations.Conclusions. The main conclusion to be drawn from this study is that the structure of value and motivational aspects, which are an attribute of the quality and performance of employee labor in the monetary and financial sector, differs significantly depending on employee affiliation with a certain status or professional qualification group. Analysis, modeling, and monitoring of the value and motivational aspects that characterize certain social and professional roles, interpretation of this information and its application in the regulation of social and labor relations are the crucial componentsof management of labor quality and organizational performance.
The X-Ray-resolved Supernova Remnant S8 in the Dwarf Irregular Galaxy IC 1613
Authors: Schlegel E. M. , Pannuti Thomas G. , Lozinskaya T. , Moiseev A. , Lacey C. K. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
We conducted an observation of the nearby irregular galaxy IC 1613 with the Chandra X-ray Observatory using the S3 chip of the Advanced CCD Imaging Spectrometer (ACIS) with an effective exposure time of 49.9 ks. The observation primarily targeted the extensive bubble and star formation region in the northeast quadrant of the galaxy. The only known supernova remnant (SNR) in IC 1613, S8, is also the galaxy’s most luminous X-ray source (L
X(0.3–8 keV) ∼5–6 × 1036 erg s−1). We resolve the SNR with Chandra and compare its nearly circular X-ray morphology with Hα and radio images. We assign an upper limit on the luminosity of any possible associated compact central object of ≈4 × 1035 erg s−1 (0.3–8 keV band) and conclude that we would detect a Crab-like pulsar but not a Cas A-like object. We infer an age for S8 of ∼3400–5600 yr and compare it to other SNRs in the Local Group. We suggest that S8 is a young composite SNR.
The Cold and Dusty Circumstellar Matter around Fast-expanding Type Ia Supernovae
Authors: Wang Xiaofeng , Chen Jia , Wang Lifan , Hu Maokai , Xi Gaobo , Yang Yi , Zhao Xulin , Li Wenxiong 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
SNe Ia play key roles in revealing the accelerating expansion of the universe, but our knowledge of their progenitors is still very limited. Here we report the discovery of a rigid dichotomy in circumstellar (CS) environments around two subclasses of SNe Ia as defined by their distinct photospheric velocities. For the SNe Ia with high photospheric velocities (HVs), we found a significant excess flux in blue light 60–100 days past maximum, while this phenomenon is absent for SNe with normal photospheric velocity. This blue excess can be attributed to light echoes by circumstellar dust located at a distance of about (1–2) × 1017 cm from the HV subclass. Moreover, we also found that the HV SNe Ia show systematically evolving Na i absorption line by performing a systematic search of variable Na i absorption lines in spectra of all SNe Ia, whereas this evolution is rarely seen in normal ones. The evolving Na i absorption can be modeled in terms of photoionization model, with the location of the gas clouds at a distance of about 2 × 1017 cm, in striking agreement with the location of CS dust inferred from B-band light-curve excess. These observations show clearly that the progenitors of HV subclass are likely from single-degenerate progenitor system (i.e., symbiotic binary), while the NV subclass may arise from double-degenerate system.
Sloshing of Galaxy Cluster Core Plasma in the Presence of Self-interacting Dark Matter
Authors: ZuHone J. A. , Zavala J. , Vogelsberger M. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The “sloshing” of the cold gas in the cores of relaxed clusters of galaxies is a widespread phenomenon evidenced by the presence of spiral-shaped “cold fronts” in X-ray observations of these systems. In simulations, these flows of cold gas readily form via interactions of the cluster core with small subclusters, due to a separation of the cold gas from the dark matter (DM), due to their markedly different collisionalities. In this work, we use numerical simulations to investigate the effects of increasing the DM collisionality on sloshing cold fronts in a cool-core cluster. For clusters in isolation, the formation of a flat DM core via self-interactions results in modest adiabatic expansion and cooling of the core gas. In merger simulations, cold fronts form in the same manner as in previous simulations, but the flattened potential in the core region enables the gas to expand to larger radii in the initial stages. Upon infall, the subclusters DM mass decreases via collisions, reducing its influence on the core. Thus, the sloshing gas moves slower, inhibiting the growth of fluid instabilities relative to simulations where the DM cross section is zero. This also inhibits turbulent mixing and the increase in entropy that would otherwise result. For values of the cross section σ/m ≳ 1, subclusters do not survive as self-gravitating structures for more than two core passages. Additionally, separations between the peaks in the X-ray emissivity and thermal Sunyaev–Zeldovich effect signals during sloshing may place constraints on DM self-interactions.
ALMA Detection of Vibrationally Excited (vt = 1, 2) Acetic Acid toward NGC 6334I
Authors: Xue Ci , Remijan Anthony J. , Brogan Crystal L. , Hunter Todd R. , Herbst Eric , McGuire Brett A. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Vibrationally excited states of detected interstellar molecules have been shown to account for a large portion of unidentified spectral lines in observed interstellar spectra toward chemically rich sources. Here, we present the first interstellar detection of the first and second vibrationally excited torsional states of acetic acid (v
t = 1, 2) toward the high-mass star-forming region NGC 6334I. The observations presented were taken with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array in bands 4, 6, and 7 covering a frequency range of 130–352 GHz. By comparing a single-excitation temperature model to the observations, the best-fit excitation temperature and column density are obtained to be 142(25) K and 1.12(7) × 1017 cm−2, respectively. Based on the intensity maps of the vibrationally excited CH3COOH transitions, we found that the CH3COOH emissions are compact and concentrated toward the MM1 and MM2 regions with a source size smaller than 2″. After locating the emission from different CH3COOH transitions, which cover a large range of excitation energies, we are able to explain the variation of the CH3COOH emission peak within the MM2 core by invoking continuum absorption or outflows.
Spectral Lag for a Radiating Jet Shell with a High-energy Cutoff Radiation Spectrum
Authors: Du Shen-Shi , Lin Da-Bin , Lu Rui-Jing , Li Rui-Quan , Gan Ying-Ying , Ren Jia , Xiang-Gao Wang , Liang En-Wei 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Recent research shows that the spectral lag is closely related to the spectral evolution in gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). In this paper, we study the spectral lag for a radiating jet shell with a high-energy cutoff radiation spectrum. For the jet shell with a cutoff power-law spectrum, the spectral lag monotonically increases with the photon energy and levels off at a certain photon energy. It is the same for the jet shell with a Band cutoff spectrum (Bandcut). However, a turnover from the positive lags to negative lags appears in the high-energy range for the jet shell with a Bandcut, which is very similar to that observed in GRB 160625B. The dependence of the spectral lags on the spectral shape/evolution is studied in detail. In addition, the spectral lag behavior observed in GRB 160625B is naturally reproduced based on our theoretical outcome.
When Cold Radial Migration is Hot: Constraints from Resonant Overlap
Authors: Daniel Kathryne J. , Schaffner David A. , McCluskey Fiona , Kawaguchi Codie Fiedler , Loebman Sarah 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
It is widely accepted that stars in a spiral disk, like the Milky Way’s, can radially migrate on the order of a scale length over the disk’s lifetime. With the exception of cold torquing, also known as “churning,” processes that contribute to the radial migration of stars are necessarily associated with kinematic heating. Additionally, it is an open question as to whether or not an episode of cold torquing is kinematically cold over long radial distances. This study uses a suite of analytically based simulations to investigate the dynamical response when stars are subject to cold torquing and are also resonant with an ultraharmonic. Model results demonstrate that these populations are kinematically heated and have rms changes in orbital angular momentum around corotation that can exceed those of populations that do not experience resonant overlap. Thus, kinematic heating can occur during episodes of cold torquing. In a case study of a Milky Way-like disk with an exponential surface density profile and flat rotation curve, up to 40% of cold torqued stars in the solar cylinder experience resonant overlap. This fraction increases toward the galactic center. To first approximation, the maximum radial excursions from cold torquing depend only on the strength of the spiral pattern and the underlying rotation curve. This work places an upper limit to these excursions to be the distance between the ultraharmonics, otherwise radial migration near corotation can kinematically heat. The diffusion rate for kinematically cold radial migration is thus constrained by limiting the step size in the random walk approximation.
The Dynamics of AR 12700 in Its Early Emerging Phase. II. Fan-shaped Activities Relevant to Arch Filament Systems
Authors: Zhong Sihui , Hou Yijun , Li Leping , Zhang Jun , Xiang Yongyuan 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The emergence of active regions (ARs) closely relates to the solar dynamo and dynamical atmospheric phenomena. With high-resolution and long-lasting observations from the New Vacuum Solar Telescope, we report a new dynamic activity phenomenon named “fan-shaped activity (FSA)” in the emerging phase of NOAA AR 12700. The FSAs are clearly observed at Hα wavelengths and are closely related to the dynamics of the adjacent arch filament system (AFS), including thread deformation and material downward motions. On 2018 February 26, the two most representative FSAs appeared around 05:21 UT and 06:03 UT, respectively, and they first ascended and then decayed within around 10 minutes. At the ascending phase, accompanied by the uplifting of an adjacent AFS, each FSA launches up at one end of the AFS and extends for up to ∼11 Mm. At the decaying phase, the FSA gradually vanishes, and material downflows toward the other end of the AFS are detected. After checking the evolution of the magnetic fields of AR 12700, we find that each FSA is located between the end of an AFS and an adjacent magnetic patch with the same polarity and launches at the onset of the collision and compression between these two magnetic patches. We propose that the collision lifts up the AFS, and then the initially compact AFS laterally expands, resulting in the formation of FSA. A cartoon model is proposed to depict the activities.
A Universal Energy Distribution for FRB 121102
Authors: Wang F. Y. , Zhang G. Q. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Fast radio bursts (FRBs) are millisecond radio transients with large dispersion measures. An outstanding question is the relation between repeating FRBs and those with a single burst. In this paper, we study the energy distribution of the repeating FRB 121102. For a power-law distribution of energy

, we show that the value of α

E
is in a narrow range 1.6–1.8 for bursts observed by different telescopes at different frequencies, which indicates a universal energy distribution for FRB 121102. Interestingly, a similar power-law index of energy distribution for nonrepeating FRBs observed by Parkes and ASKAP is also found. However, if low-energy bursts below the completeness threshold of Arecibo are discarded for FRB 121102, the slope could be up to 2.2. Implications of such a universal energy distribution are discussed.
Relativistic Plasmoid Instability in Pair Plasmas
Authors: Yang S. D. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The problem of plasmoid instability in relativistic pair plasmas is investigated with a fluid model incorporating kinetic effects through thermal inertia, where both parallel modes and oblique modes are discussed. The dimensionless parameters, Lundquist number and electron skin depth, are found to determine the growth rate of the linear plasmoid instability as well as set the division among different parameter regimes. The onset and cascade of plasmoids are described, with two limits specified: plasmoid instability stemming from a Sweet–Parker-like steady-state current sheet, and the near-ideal limit where the current sheet breaks up on the way to a steady state. The tearing growth rate in evolving current sheets in the near-ideal regime well accounts for the sudden onset of the plasmoid instability. The regimes in between are characterized by modifications to the ideal limit, through which a continuous scaling law is established connecting the two limits. Scaling laws are obtained for the onset as well as the cascading process, and the cascade model in this paper predicts the critical parameters for the onset of plasmoid instability.
A New Automatic Tool for CME Detection and Tracking with Machine-learning Techniques
Authors: Wang Pengyu , Zhang Yan , Feng Li , Yuan Hanqing , Gan Yuan , Li Shuting , Lu Lei , Ying Beili , Gan Weiqun , Li Hui 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
With the accumulation of coronal mass ejection (CME) observations by coronagraphs, automatic detection and tracking of CMEs has proven to be crucial. The excellent performance of the convolutional neural network in image classification, object detection, and other computer vision tasks motivates us to apply it to CME detection and tracking as well. We developed a new tool for CME Automatic detection and tracking with MachinE Learning (CAMEL) techniques. The system is a three-module pipeline. It is first a supervised image classification problem. We solve it by training a neural network LeNet with training labels obtained from an existing CME catalog. Those images containing CME structures are flagged as CME images. Next, to identify the CME region in each CME-flagged image, we use deep descriptor transforming to localize the common object in an image set. A following step is to apply the graph cut technique to finely tune the detected CME region. To track the CME in an image sequence, the binary images with detected CME pixels are converted from a cartesian to a polar coordinate. A CME event is labeled if it can move in at least two frames and reach the edge of the coronagraph field of view. For each event, a few fundamental parameters are derived. The results of four representative CMEs with various characteristics are presented and compared with those from four existing automatic and manual catalogs. We find that CAMEL can detect more complete and weaker structures and has better performance to catch a CME as early as possible.