bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Associations of Patient and Staff Outcomes With Inpatient Unit Designs Incorporating Decentralized Caregiver Workstations: A Systematic Review of Empirical Evidence
Authors: Jimenez Francesqca E. , Puumala Susan E. , Apple Michael , Bunker-Hellmich Lou Ann , Rich Renae K. , Brittin Jeri 
Published: March 2019

Objectives: This systematic literature review synthesizes and assesses quality of research addressing associations of patient and staff outcomes with inpatient unit designs incorporating decentralized caregiver workstations. Background: A current hospital design trend is to include decentralized caregiver workstations on inpatient units. A review of literature addressing decentralized unit design is needed. Methods: The systematic review methodology was guided by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. Database searches were conducted for studies published in peer-reviewed journals through October 2017. Included were empirical studies associating patient and/or staff outcomes and unit design with decentralized caregiver workstations. Individual studies were evaluated for quality using established methods, and Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) and GRADE-Confidence in the Evidence from Reviews of Qualitative Research (GRADE-CERQual) guided rigorous inspection of evidence quality and strength for quantitative outcomes and qualitative findings, respectively. Results: The search yielded 1,096 records with 36 full-text articles examined and 12 articles included in the final review. This work was dominated by studies with limited analyses. Staff outcomes have been most widely studied, especially collaboration/communication and walking. Overall, studies exploring decentralized nursing as a design intervention have produced limited results for both staff and patient outcomes. Strength of evidence of the current literature with quantitative methods as a whole was rated very low quality. Conclusions: Although varying degrees of caregiver workstation decentralization in inpatient units are now common, the literature addressing the impacts of such designs is of very low quality and shows inconsistency in associated outcomes. Rigorous, well-designed studies with consistently defined design and outcome measures are needed for greater confidence in determining any effects of decentralized unit design.
Physicians' lifestyle advice on primary and secondary cardiovascular disease prevention in Germany: A comparison between the STAAB cohort study and the German subset of EUROASPIRE IV
Authors: Tiffe Theresa , Morbach Caroline , Malsch Carolin , Gelbrich Götz , Wahl Valerie , Wagner Martin , Kotseva Kornelia , Wood David , Leyh Rainer , Ertl Georg , Karmann Wolfgang , Störk Stefan , Heuschmann Peter U ,   the STAAB Consortium
Published: March 2019

Abstract

Background
We assessed prevalence and determinants in appropriate physician-led lifestyle advice (PLA) in a population-based sample of individuals without cardiovascular disease (CVD) compared with a sample of CVD patients.

Methods
PLA was assessed via questionnaire in a subsample of the population-based Characteristics and Course of Heart Failure Stages A-B and Determinants of Progression (STAAB) cohort free of CVD (primary prevention sample) and the German subset of the fourth EUROASPIRE survey (EUROASPIRE-IV) comprising CVD patients (secondary prevention sample). PLA was fulfilled if the participant reported having ever been told by a physician to: stop smoking (current/former smokers), reduce weight (overweight/obese participants), increase physical activity (physically inactive participants) or keep to a healthy diet (all participants). Factors associated with receiving at least 50% of the PLA were identified using logistic regression.

Results
Information on PLA was available in 665 STAAB participants (55 ± 11; 55% females) and in 536 EUROASPIRE-IV patients (67 ± 9; 18% females). Except for smoking, appropriate PLA was more frequently given in the secondary compared with the primary prevention sample. Determinants associated with appropriate PLA in primary prevention were: diabetes mellitus (odds ratio (OR) 4.54; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.88–10.95), hyperlipidaemia (OR 3.12; 95% CI 2.06–4.73) and hypertension (OR 1.74; 95% CI 1.15–2.62); in secondary prevention: age (OR per year 0.96; 95% CI 0.93–0.98) and diabetes mellitus (OR 2.33; 95% CI 1.20–4.54).

Conclusions
In primary prevention, PLA was mainly determined by the presence of vascular risk factors, whereas in secondary prevention the level of PLA was higher in general, but the association between CVD risk factors and PLA was less pronounced.
The vulnerability paradox in global mental health and its applicability to suicide
Authors: Dückers Michel L. A. , Reifels Lennart , De Beurs Derek P. , Brewin Chris R. 
Published: March 2019

BackgroundPrevious research has identified a vulnerability paradox in global mental health: contrary to positive associations at the individual level, lower vulnerability at the country level is accompanied by a higher prevalence in a variety of mental health problems in national populations. However, the validity of the paradox has been challenged, specifically for bias from modest sample sizes and reliance on a survey methodology not designed for cross-national comparisons.AimsTo verify whether the paradox applies to suicide, using data from a sizable country sample and an entirely different data source.MethodWe combined data from the World Health Organization 2014 suicide report and the country vulnerability index from the 2016 World Risk Report. Suicide was predicted in different steps based on gender, vulnerability and their interaction, World Bank income categories, and suicide data quality.ResultsA negative association between country vulnerability and suicide prevalence in both women and men was found. Suicide rates were higher for men, regardless of country vulnerability. The model predicting suicide in 96 countries based on gender, vulnerability, income and data quality had the best goodness-of-fit compared with other models. The vulnerability paradox is not accounted for by income or data quality, and exists across and within income categories.ConclusionsThe study underscores the relevance of country-level factors in the study of mental health problems. The lower mental disorder prevalence in more vulnerable countries implies that living in such countries fosters protective factors that more than compensate for the limitations in professional healthcare capacity.Declaration of interestNone.
In silico docking analysis of CCL28 (C-C motif chemokine ligand 28) and astragalin as the potential inhibitor of rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Noor Sadaf , Qousain Syeda Tahira , Muhammad Syed Aun 
Published: March 2019

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis is an inflammatory and chronic disease of the joints affecting 1% of the world’s population. Women are three times more likely to be affected than men. Many drugs are being used for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis but they often have severe side effects. C-C motif chemokine ligand 28 (CCL28) recruits leukocytes and other proinflammatory factors to the site of joint inflammation. The purpose of the present research is the computational evaluation of astragalin, a natural flavonoid extracted from black tea, as an inhibitor of CCL28 by in silico docking. Methods: The three-dimensional structure of CCL28 to act as a molecular target was obtained from the Protein Data Bank (PDB ID: 6CWS). The quality of the CCL28 structure was assessed using Phyre2 and Molecular Operating Environment (MOE) software was used for binding affinity analysis. Astragalin served as a ligand for docking and naproxen, a known drug for rheumatoid arthritis, was used as a standard for comparison. Results: In molecular docking, astragalin showed significant binding affinity with the CCL28 target molecule, with a binding energy of -5.40 kcal/mol, in comparison with naproxen which has a binding energy of -4.87 kcal/mol. Astragalin has strong binding affinity for CCL28 as compared to standard naproxen. Conclusion: This study revealed that astragalin could have the potential to serve as an inhibitor of CCL28 for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.
ПЕДАГОГИЧЕСКИЕ УСЛОВИЯ ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ КАРЬЕРНЫХ ОРИЕНТАЦИЙ У ЖЕНЩИН, ЗАНЯТЫХ В СОЦИАЛЬНОЙ СФЕРЕ
Authors: Kolbasin Viktor Nikolaevich 
Published: March 2019

В статье анализируются результаты исследования взаимосвязи карьерных ориентаций с гендером у женщин, занятых в социальной сфере и выявления, в этой связи, педагогических условий их формирования. Разнообразие ориентаций личности в области социального и профессионального взаимодействия позволяет легче преодолевать негативные ситуации, более активно действовать в изменяющейся среде. акцент на том, Это обеспечивается комплексом педагогических условий, обеспечивающим эффективность формирования карьерных ориентаций в профессиональной «Я-концепции» у женщин, занятых в социальной сфере.Цель – определение комплекса педагогических условий формирования карьерных ориентаций у женщин, профессионально занятых в социальной сфере.Метод и методология проведения работы: в статье использованы статистические методы анализа; анкетирование, корреляционный анализ по Спирмену и Пирсону.Результаты: получены информативные параметры формирования карьерных установок, их взаимоувязка с гендерной ролью женщин-руководителей, занятых в социальной сфере, определены педагогические условия формирования их карьерных ориентаций.Область применения результатов: полученные результаты целесообразно применять кадровыми службами учреждений социального обслуживания; практикующими психологами при проведении консультирования; психологами организаций при профессиональном консультировании; при разработке индивидуальных профилактических, развивающих и коррекционных программ; менеджерами социальных учреждений при разработке стратегии развития оказания услуг.
САМОМЕНЕДЖМЕНТ В ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ ПЕДАГОГА СОВРЕМЕННОГО ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНОГО КОМПЛЕКСА
Authors: Yakusheva Svetlana Dmitrievna 
Published: March 2019

Образование нового столетия воспринимается обществом как одно из высоких ценностей жизни, возрастает значимость профессиональной деятельности и самоменеджмента педагога. Педагогу современного образовательного комплекса необходима личностная и профессиональная абилитация1 для внесения корректировок в профессиональную деятельность и выработки принципиально новой индивидуальной траектории.Цель. Статья посвящена актуальной проблеме – самоменеджменту педагога в осуществлении профессиональной деятельности современного образовательного комплекса.Метод или методология проведения работы. Основу исследования составили механизмы самоменеджмента, педагогического инжиниринга, разработка профессиограммы и профессиональных умений педагога-менеджера.Результаты. Результаты работы заключаются в исследовании понятий «самоменеджмент», «педагогический менеджмент», «инжиниринг», «педагогический инжиниринг», «профессионально-педагогический инжиниринг», разработке профессиограммы, а также профессиональных умений педагог-менеджера.Область применения. Результаты исследования могут быть применены в сфере деятельности современного образовательного комплекса.
PROBLEMS OF TEACHING ACADEMIC DISCIPLINES TO FOREIGN STUDENTS AT THE NORTHERN STATE MEDICAL UNIVERSITY
Authors: Khokhlova Larissa Aleksandrovna , Dynkov Sergey Mikhaylovich , Kiseleva Larissa Grigorevna , Tikhonova Elena Vasilevna , Trokhova Mariya Vasilevna , Kolodkina Olga Feliksovna 
Published: March 2019

Одним из показателей успешности вуза является количество иностранных студентов, число которых в российских высших учебных заведениях постоянно растет. Возможность получения образования на английском языке, которое предлагают некоторые российские вузы, – это то, что привлекает иностранцев. Преподавание на английском языке значительно облегчает процесс обучения и в тоже время создает большое количество проблем для профессорско-преподавательского состава. Целью данной статьи является обобщение опыта преподавания клинических и теоретических дисциплин иностранным студентам в Северном государственном медицинском университете.Результаты. Выявлены и проанализированы основные проблемы, с которыми сталкиваются преподаватели в ходе учебного процесса.Область применения. Особенности иностранных студентов и проблемы, возникающие в процессе их обучения, следует учитывать при организации учебного процесса и разработке рекомендаций по оптимизации процесса адаптации в условиях образовательной среды.
O Estado na África pós-colonial: Bénin o modelo de democracia?
Authors: Ahouangan Agossou Lucien 
Published: March 2019

O objetivo desse artigo é analisar o conceito de Estado, e aplicar esta analise ao Estado pós colonial. O artigo pretende entender de que forma o Estado subsiste na África pós-colonial e qual é a sua relação com a democracia. O Bénin será usado como caso apesar da sua primeira década pós-colonial marcada pela instabilidade crônica.Palavras chaves: Estado, patrimonial, África
Biopolymer–Surfactant Complexes as Flow Enhancers: Characterization and Performance Evaluation
Authors: Mahmood Wafaa K. , Khadum Wafaa A. , Eman E. , Abdulbari Hayder A. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractArtificial polymeric additives are known, and experimentally proven, to be effective drag reducing agents in pipelines with turbulent flow medium. The artificial nature of these additives and their low resistance to high shear forces, exerted by the pipeline geometries and equipment, are considered as major problems against a wider implementation in other industrial applications. The present work introduces a new polymer-surfactant complex of two organic additives (chitosan and sodium laurel ether sulfate, SLES) as a drag reducing agent. The rheological and morphological properties of the new complexes were experimentally tested. The new complex’s drag reduction performance and stability against high shear forces were analyzed using rotating disk apparatus. All the investigated solutions and complexes showed a non-Newtonian behavior. The cryo-TEM images showed a unique polymer-surfactant macrocomplex structure with a nonlinear relationship between its rheological properties and surfactant concentration. A maximum flow enhancement of 47.75% was obtained by the complex (chitosan 300 and 400ppmof chitosan and SLES, respectively) at the rotation speed of 3000 rpm. Finally, the stability of the proposed additives was highly modified when the additive complexes were formed.
Neural Machine Translation System for English to Indian Language Translation Using MTIL Parallel Corpus
Authors: Premjith B. , Kumar M. Anand , Soman K.P. 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Introduction of deep neural networks to the machine translation research ameliorated conventional machine translation systems in multiple ways, specifically in terms of translation quality. The ability of deep neural networks to learn a sensible representation of words is one of the major reasons for this improvement. Despite machine translation using deep neural architecture is showing state-of-the-art results in translating European languages, we cannot directly apply these algorithms in Indian languages mainly because of two reasons: unavailability of the good corpus and Indian languages are morphologically rich. In this paper, we propose a neural machine translation (NMT) system for four language pairs: English–Malayalam, English–Hindi, English–Tamil, and English–Punjabi. We also collected sentences from different sources and cleaned them to make four parallel corpora for each of the language pairs, and then used them to model the translation system. The encoder network in the NMT architecture was designed with long short-term memory (LSTM) networks and bi-directional recurrent neural networks (Bi-RNN). Evaluation of the obtained models was performed both automatically and manually. For automatic evaluation, the bilingual evaluation understudy (BLEU) score was used, and for manual evaluation, three metrics such as adequacy, fluency, and overall ranking were used. Analysis of the results showed the presence of lengthy sentences in English–Malayalam, and the English–Hindi corpus affected the translation. Attention mechanism was employed with a view to addressing the problem of translating lengthy sentences (sentences contain more than 50 words), and the system was able to perceive long-term contexts in the sentences.
Are attitudes about pain related to coping strategies used by adolescents in the community?
Authors: Sánchez-Rodríguez Elisabet , Solé Ester , Tomé-Pires Catarina , Galán Santiago , Racine Mélanie , Jensen Mark P. , Miró Jordi 
Published: March 2019

Abstract

Background and aims
To better understand the associations between pain beliefs and pain coping strategies in a sample of community adolescents.

Methods
Four hundred and thirty-four adolescents were asked to complete measures of physical function, pain-related beliefs and use of pain coping strategies. A series of three hierarchical regression analyses were performed.

Results
Approach coping strategies demonstrated significant and positive associations with beliefs about the importance of solicitousness responding and control over pain. Problem-focused avoidance coping strategies evidenced a negative association with the belief of being disabled by pain, and a positive association with the importance of exercise. Emotion-focused avoidance coping strategies showed significant and positive associations with beliefs about being disabled by pain and that emotions affect pain, and negative associations with beliefs about control over pain and the appropriateness of pain medications.

Conclusions
The findings provide important new information regarding the potential role that beliefs could play as predictors of pain coping in adolescents living in the community. Prospective studies are needed to evaluate the possible causal role that beliefs play in decisions to use what pain coping strategy and under what circumstances.

Implications
The role that pain beliefs and coping strategies play in the adjustment to pain in adolescents in the community has both similarities to and differences with the role that these factors play in adolescent clinical populations. This information can guide the development of community-based treatment programs for adolescents with pain.
Temperature- and solvate-dependent disorder in the crystal structure of [PNP]+[HSO4]−
Authors: Jenne Carsten , Nierstenhöfer Marc C. 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Metathesis reactions of [PNP]Cl ([PNP]+ ≡ bis(triphenyl-λ
5-phosphanylidene)ammonium) with Na2[SO4] or K[HSO4] in water yield [PNP]2[SO4] and [PNP][HSO4], respectively, as colorless solids. Reactions under basic conditions lead to a partial decomposition of the weakly coordinating [PNP]+ cation. N-Diphenylphosphine-triphenylphosphazene, triphenylphosphinimine, and benzene were identified as decomposition products by NMR spectroscopy. The compounds [PNP]2[SO4] and [PNP][HSO4] were characterized by multinuclear NMR and vibrational spectroscopy. [PNP][HSO4] could be crystallized from acetonitrile-diethyl ether giving single crystals with and without additional acetonitrile solvate molecules. The [HSO4]− anions form dimers in the solid state in both structures, which are held together by O–H⋯O hydrogen bonds. At T = 127 K the [HSO4]− anions in the crystal structure of solvate free [PNP][HSO4] are ordered, while at T = 300 K and in the structure containing additional acetonitrile solvate molecules a disorder of the [HSO4]− anions over two positions is observed, for the latter even at 150 K.
The Maximum of Minimal Conductivity in Aqueous Electrolytes
Authors: Ender Volker , Weber Jens 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
The present paper deals with the minima of conductivity in aqueous solutions, which occur due to the hydrolysis reaction with added bases. The minima show lower conductivities than the intrinsic conductivity of pure water. The minimum is a function of the molar conductivity of the added ions. There exists a limiting condition of <75.825 ⋅ 10−4 S ⋅ m2 ⋅ mol−1 for the occurrence of a minimum in the real (positive) concentration area. Values higher than 75.825 ⋅ 10−4 S ⋅ m2 ⋅ mol−1 lead to minimas in the virtual (negative) concentration area. Connecting all the minima, a curve with a maximum is observed. This point is given by 75.825 ⋅ 10−4 S ⋅ m2 ⋅ mol−1 and the intrinsic conductivity of pure water. The effect is independent of whether the added substances come from a strong or weak base. So far, the phenomenon should not influence measurements of conductivity under usual circumstances, but might be more of academic interest. Interestingly, we found that the effect for Rubidium and Cesium ions is different compared to other alkali metal ions. No minimum conductivity is predicted for these ions.
Effects of Combined Resistance Training and Weightlifting on Motor Skill Performance of Adolescent Male Athletes
Authors: Pichardo Andrew W. , Oliver Jon L. , Harrison Craig B. , Maulder Peter S. , Lloyd Rhodri S. , Kandoi Rohan 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Pichardo, AW, Oliver, JL, Harrison, CB, Maulder, PS, Lloyd, RS, and Kandoi, R. Effects of combined resistance training and weightlifting on motor skill performance of adolescent male athletes. J Strength Cond Res 33(12): 3226–3235, 2019—Resistance training and weightlifting are regarded as safe and effective training methods for youth. However, no studies have examined the effects of a year-long resistance training program using weightlifting movements on strength, speed, or power. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the long-term effects of combined resistance training (traditional strength training + plyometrics) with or without weightlifting movements on motor skill performance of adolescent males. Fifty-nine males aged 12–14 years were matched by maturity and allocated to a combined resistance training or a combined resistance training with weightlifting group. Each group completed 28 total weeks of training over an academic year. Pre-, mid- (14 weeks of training), and post-training (28 weeks of training) tests included the resistance training skills battery quotient (RTSQ), absolute isometric midthigh pull peak force (IMTPABS) and ratio-scaled isometric midthigh pull peak force (IMTPREL), countermovement jump, horizontal jump, and 10-, 20-, and 30-m sprint. Repeated-measure analysis of variance revealed that there were no significant between-group responses, but all variables improved significantly within-group. Both groups made small-moderate improvements in RTSQ, IMTPABS, and IMTPREL after the first 14 training weeks (d = 0.45–0.86), whereas small-moderate improvements in lower body power, upper body power, and speed were made after the second 14 training weeks (d = 0.30–0.95). Both groups made small-moderate improvements in all performance variables after 28 weeks of training. These findings highlight the importance of establishing movement competency and strength as a foundation for the subsequent development of power. Furthermore, these findings may help practitioners understand the time course of certain adaptations following a long-term periodized plan for adolescent males.