bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Function of different proportions of apolipoprotein A-I cysteine mutants and apolipoprotein A-V on recombinant high-density lipoproteins in vitro
Authors: Yan Ying , Lu Shulai , Jia Shaoyou , Dong Qingzhe , Wang Lei , Wang Yunlong 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
To explore the anti-atherosclerotic effects of recombinant high-density lipoproteins (rHDL) of apolipoprotein AI wild-type (apoA-Iwt), apolipoprotein AI Milano (apoA-IM), apolipoprotein AI (N74C) (apoA-I (N74C) )and apolipoprotein AV (apoA-V). We constructed rHDL liposomes (rHDLs), which included apoA-Iwt, apoA-IM, and apoA-I (N74C), followed by the synthesis of rHDLs, with the indicated ratios of apoA-Iwt, apoA-IM, apoA-I (N74C) and apoA-V. We investigated the anti-atherosclerotic effects by experiments including the DMPC clearance assay and experiments that assessed the in vitro antioxidation against low-density lipoprotein, the cellular uptake of oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) and the in vitro intracellular lipid accumulation. Electron microscopy results revealed that as more apoA-V was present in rHDLs, the particle size of rHDLs was larger. The DMPC clearance assay subsequently showed that rHDL protein mixtures could promote DMPC turbidity clearance when more apoA-V was included in the reaction mixtures, with apoAV-rHDL showing the strongest turbidity clearance ability (P&lt;0.05 vs AI-rHDL). In vitro antioxidation against low-density lipoprotein assays indicated that rHDLs containing apoA-V had increasing oxidation resistance against low-density lipoprotein (LDL) with higher apoA-V contents. Finally, cellular uptake of oxLDL and intracellular lipids suggested an apparent oxidation resistance to LDL oxidation in vitro and a reduced intracellular lipid accumulation in THP-1-derived macrophages, with AIM-rHDL demonstrating the greatest ability to decrease intracellular lipid accumulation. Different proportions of apolipoprotein A-I cysteine mutants and apolipoprotein A-V of rHDL changed the lipid binding capacity, particle size, and antioxidant capacity. These changes may show a beneficial effect of rHDL on atherosclerosis.
Differentially expressed circulating miRNAs in postmenopausal osteoporosis: a meta-analysis
Authors: Pala Elif , Denkçeken Tuba 
Published: April 2019

AbstractMicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been proven to play a crucial role in postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMO), and studies on their diagnostic value have been increasing. In our study, we aim to identify the key miRNAs in the PMO that might be potential biomarkers. A comprehensive systematic literature search was conducted by searching PubMed, Web of Science, Embase and Cochrane Library databases. In the total of 16 independent miRNA expression studies which contained 327 PMO patients and 328 postmenopausal (PM) healthy control samples, miRNAs were evaluated by using robust rank aggregation (RRA) method. A statistically significant meta-signature of up-regulated hsa-miR-133a-3p (P = 1.38e−03) was determined. Then bioinformatics analysis to recruit putative target genes prediction of hsa-miR-133a-3p and pathway enrichment analysis to reveal what biological processes this miRNA may affect were conducted. It was indicated that pathways were commonly associated with adrenergic signaling in cardiomyocytes, adherens junction, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway and AMPK signaling pathway. Furthermore, STRING and Cytoscape tools were used to visualize the interactions between target genes of hsa-miR-133a-3p. Six genes were detected as hub genes among 576 targets which were CDC42, RHOA, EGFR, VAMP2, PIK3R2 and FN1. After Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis, it was detected that these hub genes were mostly enriched in signaling pathways and cancer. In this meta-analysis, it is stated that circulating hsa-miR-133a-3p may serve as a potential non-invasive biomarker and therapeutic target in PMO.
Health Care Utilization and Mental Health Diagnoses Among Veterans With Tinnitus
Authors: Carlson Kathleen F. , Gilbert Tess A. , O'Neil Maya E. , Zaugg Tara L. , Manning Candice A. , Kaelin Christine , Thielman Emily J. , Reavis Kelly M. , Henry James A. 
Published: April 2019

Purpose
Tinnitus is prevalent among military Veterans and may frequently co-occur with mental health disorders. This study examined health care utilization and mental health diagnoses among Veterans with and without tinnitus who receive Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) health care.

Method

We randomly sampled 10% of VA health care users for a 5-year period between 2011 and 2016. Tinnitus and other diagnoses were identified using
International Classification of Diseases
diagnosis codes; Veterans assigned 1 or more inpatient codes or 2 or more outpatient codes were considered to have the respective diagnosis. We examined demographics, military service, clinical characteristics, and health care utilization of Veterans with and without tinnitus diagnoses. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression was used to estimate associations between tinnitus and mental health diagnoses of interest.

Results
Among 617,534 eligible Veterans, 3.8% met criteria for tinnitus diagnosis. Prevalence of tinnitus was associated with sex, age, race, marital status, and VA service connection status; additionally, hearing loss and traumatic brain injury were frequently codiagnosed with tinnitus. Veterans with tinnitus had higher annual health care utilization than those without. While controlling for potential confounders, tinnitus diagnoses were associated with mental health diagnoses, including anxiety, depression, and substance use disorders.

Conclusion
Findings suggest that Veterans who are diagnosed with tinnitus have more health care utilization and are more frequently diagnosed with mental health disorders than Veterans who are not diagnosed with tinnitus. This suggests a need for coordinated tinnitus and mental health care services for Veterans in the VA system of care.
Replicability of Neural and Behavioral Measures of Tinnitus Handicap in Civilian and Military Populations: Preliminary Results
Authors: Husain Fatima T. , Schmidt Sara A. , Tai Yihsin , Granato Elsa C. , Ramos Pedro , Sherman Paul , Esquivel Carlos 
Published: April 2019

Purpose
In the past decade, resting-state functional connectivity, acquired using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), has emerged as a popular measure of tinnitus, especially as related to self-reported handicap or psychological reaction. The goal of this study was to assess replicability of neural correlates of tinnitus, namely, resting-state functional connectivity, in the same individuals acquired over 2 sessions.

Method
Data were collected at 2 different sites (University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign and Joint Base San Antonio Wilford Hall Ambulatory Surgical Center) using similar 3T magnets and similar data acquisition paradigms. Thirty-six patients (all civilians) were scanned using resting-state fMRI at the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign. Ten patients, active-duty Service members and Veterans, were scanned at the Wilford Hall Ambulatory Surgical Center and the Department of Defense Hearing Center of Excellence. Each participant was scanned twice, a week apart, using identical protocols of 10 min resting-state fMRI.

Results
Tinnitus handicap scores using the Tinnitus Functional Index and the Tinnitus Primary Function Questionnaire ranged between no or mild handicap to moderately severe handicap but did not significantly differ between visits. We examined the default mode, dorsal attention, and auditory resting-state networks and found that the strength of the within-network functional connections across visit was similar for the attention and default mode networks but not for the auditory network. In addition, the functional connection between the attention network and precuneus, a region of the default mode network, was also replicable across visits.

Conclusions
Our results show that resting-state fMRI measures are replicable and reliable in patients with a subjective condition, although some networks and functional connections may be more stable than others. This paves the way for using resting-state fMRI to measure the efficacy of tinnitus interventions and as a tool to help propose better management options.
Neue Entwicklungen auf dem Gebiet der Theranostik
Authors: Weber Wolfgang 
Published: April 2019

ZusammenfassungDiese Übersichtsarbeit stellt neue Radiopharmaka für die Tumordiagnostik und -therapie vor, die erfolgversprechende präklinische Ergebnisse gezeigt haben und aktuell in klinischen Studien untersucht werden. Dazu gehören mehrere radioaktiv markierte Antikörper wie 131I-Omburtamab, ein gegen das B7-H3-Protein gerichteter Antikörper, der zur Therapie von Neuroblastomen eingesetzt wird; HuMab-5B1, ein 89Zr/177Lu markierter Antikörper zur Therapie von CA19-9 exprimierenden Tumoren und 177Lu-Lilotomab, ein Antikörper gegen das Oberflächenantigen CD37 für die Therapie von B-Zell-Lymphomen. Weitere Beispiele sind der Neurotensin Rezeptor Ligand 111In/177Lu-3B-227 für die Diagnostik und Therapie von verschiedenen Tumorerkrankungen, insbesondere Adenokarzinomen des Pankreas und der Phospholipidether 131I/124I-CLR1404, der wahrscheinlich aufgrund einer veränderten Membranstruktur in verschiedenen Tumorzelltypen angereichert wird. Neben diesen, von Tumorzellen exprimierten Zielstrukturen wird auch das Fibroblasten Aktivierungs Protein (FAP), das im Tumorstroma gebildet wird, als Zielstruktur für die Bildgebung und Therapie eingesetzt (68Ga/90Y-FAPI-04). Diese neuen Radiopharmaka haben das Potenzial für die Therapie einer ganzen Reihe von Tumorerkrankungen und ihre Effektivität sollte in systematischen Studien untersucht werden.
Serum Prostate-Specific Antigen Level in Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Maleki-Hajiagha Arezoo , Razavi Maryam , Rezaeinejad Mahroo , Sepidarkish Mahdi , Mehri Ahmad , Vesali Samira , Allameh Zahra 
Published: April 2019

AbstractWe undertook a comprehensive search of all published original articles evaluating the diagnostic value of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) for the detection of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Finally, 25 studies with a total of 1865 participants (1104 cases and 761 controls) met the inclusion criteria. Mean serum PSA levels were significantly higher in PCOS women compared to healthy women [Standardized mean difference (SMD)=1.73 ng/ml, 95% CI=1.22 to 2.25, p<0.001]. Only 5 studies reported accuracy indicators and were included in the bivariate random-effects model; with a total of 509 samples that included 332 (65.22%) confirmed PCOS women. The sensitivity of serum PSA for the diagnosis of PCOS varied between 66.3 and 90.6%, and, the specificity ranged from 62.5–86.7%. Meta-analysis revealed a pooled sensitivity of 72.3% (95% CI 67.1–77.00%) and specificity of 74.6% (95% CI 67.5–80.8%) with an area under the summary ROC curve equal to 0.82 (95% CI 0.75–0.83). The summary estimates were 2.92 (95% CI 1.98–4.31) for positive LR and 0.37 (95% CI 0.26–0.51) for negative LR. The pooled estimate of diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) of serum PSA was 9.01 (95% CI 4.35–18.64). Considering the methodological weaknesses existed in studies, lack of sufficient data regarding the accuracy indicators, and the complexity of the exact pathophysiology of PSA secretion in women, the precise position of PSA, as a diagnostic test for the detection of PCOS, in clinical practice is undetermined, and further studies are still needed.
Characterization of a Novel POU1F1 Mutation Identified on Screening 160 Growth Hormone Deficiency Patients
Authors: Birla Shweta , Vijayakumar P , Sehgal Shilpi , Bhatnagar Shinjini , Pallavi Kshetrapal , Sharma Arundhati 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe objective of the study is the functional characterization of a novel POU1F1 c.605delC mutation in combined pituitary hormone deficiency (CPHD) and to report the clinical and genetic details of 160 growth hormone deficiency patients. Screening of GH1, GHRHR, POU1F1, PROP1, and HESX1 genes by Sanger sequencing was carried out in 160 trios and 100 controls followed by characterization of the POU1F1 c.605delC mutation by expression studies including site directed mutagenesis, co-transfection, protein degradation, and luciferase assays to compare the wild type and mutant POU1F1. In vitro studies showed that the POU1F1 c.605delC mutation codes for a truncated protein with reduced transactivation capacity on its downstream effectors, viz., growth hormone (GH) and prolactin (PRL) causing severe CPHD. Experiments using different protease inhibitors reveal rescue of the protein upon blockage of the lysosomal pathway that might be useful in novel drug designing using targeted approach thereby maintaining the milieu and preventing/delaying the disease. The study provides an insight into the disease causing mechanism of POU1F1 c.605delC mutation identified in a CPHD child with severe short stature and failure to thrive. It also shows mutation effect on the expression, function and turnover of protein and highlights mechanistic details by which these potent regulators may operate.
Role of Artificial Intelligence within the Telehealth Domain
Authors: Kuziemsky Craig , Maeder Anthony J. , John Oommen , Gogia Shashi B. , Basu Arindam , Meher Sushil , Ito Marcia 
Published: April 2019

Objectives: This paper provides a discussion about the potential scope of applicability of Artificial Intelligence methods within the telehealth domain. These methods are focussed on clinical needs and provide some insight to current directions, based on reports of recent advances.
Methods: Examples of telehealth innovations involving Artificial Intelligence to support or supplement remote health care delivery were identified from recent literature by the authors, on the basis of expert knowledge. Observations from the examples were synthesized to yield an overview of contemporary directions for the perceived role of Artificial Intelligence in telehealth.
Results: Two major focus areas for related contemporary directions were established. These were first, quality improvement for existing clinical practice and service delivery, and second, the development and support of new models of care. Case studies from each focus area have been chosen for illustration purposes.
Conclusion: Examples of the role of Artificial Intelligence in delivery of health care remotely include use of tele-assessment, tele-diagnosis, tele-interactions, and tele-monitoring. Further developments of underlying algorithms and validation of methods will be required for wider adoption. Certain key social and ethical considerations also need consideration more generally in the health system, as Artificial-Intelligence-enabled-telehealth becomes more commonplace.
An Open Science Approach to Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare
Authors: Paton Chris , Kobayashi Shinji 
Published: April 2019

Objectives: Artificial Intelligence (AI) offers significant potential for improving healthcare. This paper discusses how an “open science” approach to AI tool development, data sharing, education, and research can support the clinical adoption of AI systems.
Method: In response to the call for participation for the 2019 International Medical Informatics Association (IMIA) Yearbook theme issue on AI in healthcare, the IMIA Open Source Working Group conducted a rapid review of recent literature relating to open science and AI in healthcare and discussed how an open science approach could help overcome concerns about the adoption of new AI technology in healthcare settings.
Results: The recent literature reveals that open science approaches to AI system development are well established. The ecosystem of software development, data sharing, education, and research in the AI community has, in general, adopted an open science ethos that has driven much of the recent innovation and adoption of new AI techniques. However, within the healthcare domain, adoption may be inhibited by the use of “black-box” AI systems, where only the inputs and outputs of those systems are understood, and clinical effectiveness and implementation studies are missing.
Conclusions: As AI-based data analysis and clinical decision support systems begin to be implemented in healthcare systems around the world, further openness of clinical effectiveness and mechanisms of action may be required by safety-conscious healthcare policy-makers to ensure they are clinically effective in real world use.
Social Network Structure in Young Stroke Survivors with Aphasia: A Case Series Report
Authors: Ellis Charles , Phillips Rhiannon , Hill Tina , Briley Patrick M. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe aim of this study was to profile the social networks of young adult stroke survivors with aphasia. A case series approach using four persons with aphasia (PWA) younger than 50 years was utilized. Semistructured interviews were completed with the PWA and their primary caregiver/family to explore the most salient relationships in the PWA's social network. PWAs in this study exhibited very small social networks with the most salient relationships consisting of immediate family members. Mothers were the primary caregiver for the two most impaired PWA. Prestroke friendships were dissolved or reduced at the onset of aphasia. The most impaired PWAs spent most of their days in isolation without a consistent communication partner. This study suggests young adult stroke survivors with aphasia have significant changes in their social network structure after stroke, but it is unclear if the observed change in social network structure is more related to age or level of communication impairment.
The Trinity Lancaster Corpus
Authors: Gablasova Dana , Brezina Vaclav , McEnery Tony 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Corpora and corpus techniques have long been an important source of knowledge about language; they have also been increasingly used for language teaching purposes. This chapter discusses the role of spoken learner corpora in language pedagogy and in development of language teaching materials. In particular, it focuses on the Trinity Lancaster Corpus (TLC) and its pedagogical applications. With over four million words, the TLC is one of the largest corpora of L2 spoken English, representing language from L2 English speakers engaged in different speaking tasks. The chapter uses data from the TLC to illustrate the use of corpus findings in teaching pragmatics in spoken language use, focusing on three case studies: expression of disagreement, ability to adjust language choice according to linguistic setting, and engaged listenership.
Comparing errors across an L2 spoken and written error-tagged Japanese EFL learner corpus
Authors: Abe Mariko 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
The present study compared the spoken and written production of Japanese EFL learners prompted by the same picture description task. It focused on how production modes affect the accuracy and error rates of learner language across proficiency levels, by analysing linguistic features related to grammar and lexical choice. The results showed that linguistic features other than third-person singular -s showed significant differences between the modes. Third-person singular -s may be problematic for Japanese EFL learners as participants’ accuracy rates did not improve in the less time-pressured written production mode. Nevertheless, third-person singular -s was the only linguistic feature that could distinguish between intermediate-low and intermediate-mid levels of spoken production.
Development of hybrid life cycle inventories (HLCI) database for embodied energy and carbon intensities of Malaysian construction materials
Authors: Mohd Sabki Wan Omar Wan 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
This paper investigates the completeness of process, input-output (I-O) and hybrid life cycle inventory (LCI) analysis and their applicability as applied to the Malaysian construction materials. The process, I-O, and hybrid analysis were evaluated at the basic materials and products level to identify the gaps between models and further incorporated into the material and product inputs of a selected building. It was found that the largest differences in embodied energy (EE) and embodied carbon (EC) intensities of the materials and products between I-O and hybrid analysis accounted for up to 65.90% and 62.08%, respectively. Further analysis of the EE and EC intensities of the building revealed that the hybrid analysis were significantly higher than I-O analysis estimated to be 44.39% and 43.57% respectively. On average, the EE and EC intensity values using I-O analysis were lower than hybrid analysis due to inherent limitations in this model. Although using I-O data was considered not representative due to inherent limitation, it was considered applicable for energy analysis due to lack of process data in Malaysian building industry.
Methodism: A Very Short Introduction
Authors: Abraham William J. 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Methodism: A Very Short Introduction traces Methodism from its origins in the work of John Wesley and the hymns of his brother, Charles Wesley, in the 18th century, right up to the present, where it is one of the most vibrant forms of Christianity. Considering the identity, nature, and history of Methodism, it provides a fresh account of the place of Methodism in the life and thought of the Christian Church. Describing the message of Methodism, and who the Methodists are, it also considers the practices of Methodism and discusses its global impact and its decline in the homelands. Finally, looking forward, this VSI considers the future prospects for Methodism.
The people called Methodists
Authors: Abraham William J. 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
The initial agenda of Methodism as a renewal movement in the Church of England was ‘to reform England, especially the church, and to spread scriptural holiness throughout the land’. Like most renewal movements in the history of Christianity, it did not succeed. Instead it morphed into a network of Methodist denominations across the world. ‘The people called Methodists’ outlines John Wesley’s new version of Christianity and its separation from the mother church. It describes the search for succession, the process of ordination, and the core elements of Methodism. Methodists insist on the sacraments of baptism and Eucharist, and on orderly ordination for their clergy. But beyond that there is flexibility, innovation, and adaptability.