bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Manajemen Panen Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) Berdasarkan Kriteria ISPO dan RSPO di Kebun Sei Batang Ulak, Kabupaten Kampar, Riau
Authors: Harahap Yuanda Pangi , Junaedi Ahmad 
Published: June 2018

<p><em>Kegiatan penelitian yang dilaksanakan di kebun Sei Batang Ulak (SBU), PT.Ciliandra Perkasa ini <br /> </em><em>bertujuan untuk mempelajari aspek teknis dan manajerial dalam Pengelolaan perkebunan kelapa sawit, dan <br /> </em><em>secara khusus mempelajari aspek pemanenan kelapa sawit. Aspek khusus pemanenan dipelajari dengan cara <br /> ikut melaksanakan kegiatan panen dan melaksanakan pengamatan pada beberapa komponen panen di kebun <br /> </em><em>untuk mengetahui keefektifan dan keefisienan kegaitan panen di kebun SBU. Pengamatan yang dilakukan <br /> </em><em>menunjukkan bahwa manajemen panen yang sudah ada cukup baik, akan tetapi perlu ditingkatkan agar <br /> </em><em>didapatkan produksi tandan buah segar (TBS) yang optimal. Beberapa hal yang perlu dievaluasi meliputi <br /> tenaga kerja panen yang masih kurang, penggunaan alat pelindung diri yang masih minim, target panen yang <br /> belum terpenuhi, dan mutu buah yang kurang baik. Berdasarkan hasil pengamatan juga menunjukkan bahwa <br /> aspek panen belum sesuai dengan prinsip Indonesian Sustainable Palm Oil (ISPO) dan Roundtable </em></p><em>Sustainable Palm Oil (RSPO). Belum diterapkannya kriteria ISPO dan RSPO ditunjukkan dari kurangnya sosialisasi dan mewajibkan kepada tenaga kerja untuk menggunakan alat pelindung diri ketika bekerja, membawa anak-anak pada saat kerja di lapangan. Oleh karena itu, kebun SBU belum mendapat sertifikasi ISPO maupun RSPO.</em>
PERTUMBUHAN BIBIT TANAMAN KELOR (Moringa oleifera Lam.) ASAL BIJI PADA BERBAGAIFASE PINDAH TANAM SEMAI
Authors: Hilal Samsul , Parwata I Gusti Made Arya , Santoso Bambang Budi 
Published: June 2018

This research was aimed to find out the growth of seedling drum stick (Moringa oleifera Lam.). originatedfrom seed at different phases of transplanting. Has been done on aplir – juli 2017 at Dasanagung, Mataram, West Nusa Tenggara. This study used a complete randomized design (CRD) of one factor, namely: direct seed planting, fishing phase, needle phase, bud phase, and the first leaf phase blooms perfect. The results of this study showed that phase of transplanting has no significant effect on growth of seedling moringa plant. Both of fhising phase and needle phase are better of five transplanting’s phase.
El agonismo del poder en la concepción foucaulteana del gobierno
Authors: Del Valle Marilina 
Published: June 2018

<p>El presente trabajo se propone una aproximación a la noción foucaulteana de “gobierno” en la que se haga hincapié en su dimensión agonística. Nuestro objetivo es, en principio, resaltar la distancia que separa el concepto de sujeción que envuelve tal noción, por una parte, de la idea de un poder constituido sobre la base del consenso y la legitimidad, y, por otra, de la idea de una dominación homogénea e ineluctable. Para ello, se plantea que, a partir de una serie de reflexiones de Foucault en torno de la noción de gobierno, es posible trazar una naturaleza constitutivamente frágil en los estados de sujeción, en virtud de la cual es posible trazar un intenso dinamismo en sus procesos de constitución y, concomitantemente, una profunda heterogeneidad en su configuración. </p>
PROFITABILITAS PERUSAHAAN TERHADAP PRAKTIK PERATAAN LABA (INCOME SMOOTHING) PADA PERUSAHAAN MANUFAKTUR DI INDONESIA (Studi Empris pada Perusahaan Manufaktur yang Go Publik yang terdaftar di BEI periode 2013-2015)
Authors: Dewi Mike Kusuma 
Published: June 2018

In earnings information companies can be used to assess the performance of management, and can also to estimate the risk in investing in a company. Investors often focus their attention on earnings information without seeing the procedures used to generate earnings information will encourage the company's management to take income smoothing action. Hopefully the information provided in the financial statements is valid information, relevant and reliable for users of financial statements. In reality there is no denying that there are still companies that indicate the practice of income smoothing. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of ROE and NPM on the practice of income smoothing on manufacturing entities that have Go Public listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange This study used a sample of 35 business entities that have Go Public period 2013-2015. The research hypothesis used Multiple Regression Analysis using SPSS Ver.data processing tool 16. The test result showed that ROE and NPM there is no significant influence to earnings smoothing practice. And in fact until 2015 where the good economic conditions do not affect management to implement the practice of income smoothing. Key words : ROE, NPM, Income smoothing
WAQF, ECONOMY AND FINANCE IN THE OTTOMAN CIVILIZATION OF THE BALKANS
Authors: BULUT Mehmet 
Published: June 2018

Although it has inherited the whole experience of the prevailing civilizations, every civilization has its own conception on human being and society. Again, every civilization builds an institutional structure according to the conception of this human being and society. This conception is manifested both in every aspects of daily life and in the institutional structure from military to economics, from culture to politics, and from literature to financial space. Taking into account their previous experiences the Ottoman civilization in the Balkans has also been institutionalized and developed according to its conception, worldviews and values adopted in order to reach the centered people of the country and the societ. It can be said that after the Ottomans moved from Anatolia to the Balkans, they built a Waqf Civilization in Europe. With the Ottoman Balkan conquests, the obvious effects of this waqf concept affected the supplying the needs of people and societies such as cultural, religious, social, economic, commercial and financial, in the Balkan geography. The Ottoman Empire, which included the Cash waqfs (Vakf-ı Nukud) for this understanding of the foundation and its conception, played a prominent role in the institutionalization of Islamic economics and finance from the early modern times to the present times.
Evaporation of Low-mass Planet Atmospheres: Multidimensional Hydrodynamics with Consistent Thermochemistry
Authors: Wang Lile , Dai Fei 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Direct and statistical observational evidence suggests that photoevaporation is important in eroding the atmosphere of sub-Neptune planets. We construct full hydrodynamic simulations, coupled with consistent thermochemistry and ray-tracing radiative transfer, to understand the physics of atmospheric photoevaporation caused by high-energy photons from the host star. We identify a region on the parameter space where a hydrostatic atmosphere cannot be balanced by any plausible interplanetary pressure, so that the atmosphere is particularly susceptible to loss by Parker wind. This region may lead to an absence of rich atmosphere (substantially H/He) for planets with low mass (M ≲ 3 M
⊕). Full numerical simulations of photoevaporative outflows show a typical outflow speed

∼
30

km

s

−
1

and

M

˙

∼
4
×

10

−
10

M

⊕

yr

−
1

for a 5 M
⊕ fiducial model rocky-core planet with 10−2 of its mass in the atmosphere. The outflows modulated by strong stellar wind (ram pressure up to 5 times the total wind pressure) are collimated toward the nightside of the planet, while the mass-loss rate is only ∼25% lower than the fiducial model. By exploring the parameter space, we find that EUV photoionization is most important in launching photoevaporative wind; other energetic radiations have secondary importance. Based on simulation results we propose a semiempirical formula of photoevaporation rate (error ≲ 20%), which is a function of high-energy irradiation, planet mass, and envelope mass fraction (error ≲20%). We then reproduce the observed bimodal radius distribution of sub-Neptune Kepler planets semiquantitatively.
The Maser-emitting Structure and Time Variability of the SiS Lines J = 14–13 and 15–14 in IRC+10216*
Authors: Fonfría J. P. , Fernández-López M. , Pardo J. R. , Agúndez M. , Contreras C. Sánchez , Prieto L. Velilla , Cernicharo J. , Santander-García M. , Quintana-Lacaci G. , Castro-Carrizo A. , Curiel S. 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
We present new high angular resolution interferometer observations of the v = 0 J = 14–13 and 15–14 SiS lines toward IRC+10216, carried out with the Combined Array for Research in Millimeter-wave Astronomy and the Atacama Large Millimeter Array. The maps, with angular resolutions of ≃0.″25 and 0.″55, reveal (1) an extended, roughly uniform, and weak emission with a size of ≃0.″5; (2) a component elongated approximately along the east–west direction peaking at ≃0.″13 and 0.″17 at both sides of the central star; and (3) two blue- and redshifted compact components peaking around 0.″07 to the NW of the star. We have modeled the emission with a 3D radiation transfer code, finding that the observations cannot be explained only by thermal emission. Several maser clumps and one arc-shaped maser feature arranged from 5 to 20

from the central star, in addition to a thin shell-like maser structure at ≃13

, are required to explain the observations. This maser-emitting set of structures accounts for 75% of the total emission, while the other 25% is produced by thermally excited molecules. About 60% of the maser emission comes from the extended emission, and the rest comes from the set of clumps and the arc. The analysis of a time monitoring of these and other SiS and 29SiS lines carried out with the IRAM 30 m telescope from 2015 to present suggests that the intensity of some spectral components of the maser emission strongly depends on the stellar pulsation, while other components show a mild variability. This monitoring evidences a significant phase lag of ≃0.2 between the maser and near-IR light curves.
An ALMA Survey of the SCUBA-2 Cosmology Legacy Survey UKIDSS/UDS Field: Number Counts of Submillimeter Galaxies
Authors: Stach Stuart M. , Smail Ian , Swinbank A. M. , Simpson J. M. , Geach J. E. , An Fang Xia , Almaini Omar , Arumugam Vinodiran , Blain A. W. , Chapman S. C. , Chen Chian-Chou , Conselice C. J. , Cooke E. A. , Coppin K. E. K. , Dunlop J. S. , Farrah Duncan , Gullberg B. , Hartley W. , Ivison R. J. , Maltby D. T. , Michałowski M. J. , Scott Douglas , Simpson Chris , Thomson A. P. , Wardlow J. L. , Werf P. van der 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
We report the first results of AS2UDS, an 870 μm continuum survey with the Atacama Large Millimeter/Submillimeter Array (ALMA) of a total area of ∼50 arcmin2 comprising a complete sample of 716 submillimeter sources drawn from the SCUBA-2 Cosmology Legacy Survey (S2CLS) map of the UKIDSS/UDS field. The S2CLS parent sample covers a 0.96 degree2 field at σ
850 = 0.90 ± 0.05 mJy beam−1. Our deep, high-resolution ALMA observations with σ
870 ∼ 0.25 mJy and a 0.″15–0.″30 FWHM synthesized beam, provide precise locations for 695 submillimeter galaxies (SMGs) responsible for the submillimeter emission corresponding to 606 sources in the low-resolution, single-dish map. We measure the number counts of SMGs brighter than S
870 ≥ 4 mJy, free from the effects of blending and show that the normalization of the counts falls by 28% ± 2% in comparison with the SCUBA-2 published counts, but that the shape remains unchanged. We determine that

44

−
14

+
16

% of the brighter single-dish sources with S
850 ≥ 9 mJy consist of a blend of two or more ALMA-detectable SMGs brighter than S
870 ∼ 1 mJy (corresponding to a galaxy with a total-infrared luminosity of L
IR ≳ 1012
L
⊙), in comparison with 28% ± 2% for the single-dish sources at S
850 ≥ 5 mJy. Using the 46 single-dish submillimeter sources that contain two or more ALMA-detected SMGs with photometric redshifts, we show that there is a significant statistical excess of pairs of SMGs with similar redshifts (<1% probability of occurring by chance), suggesting that at least 30% of these blends arise from physically associated pairs of SMGs.
Assessing the Impact of Astrochemistry on Molecular Cloud Turbulence Statistics
Authors: Boyden Ryan D. , Offner Stella S. R. , Koch Eric W. , Rosolowsky Erik W. 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
We analyze hydrodynamic simulations of turbulent, star-forming molecular clouds that are post-processed with the photodissociation region astrochemistry code 3d-pdr. We investigate the sensitivity of 15 commonly applied turbulence statistics to post-processing assumptions, namely, variations in gas temperature, abundance, and external radiation field. We produce synthetic 12CO (1−0) and CI (3
P
1–3
P
0) observations and examine how the variations influence the resulting emission distributions. To characterize differences between the data sets, we perform statistical measurements, identify diagnostics sensitive to our chemistry parameters, and quantify the statistic responses by using a variety of distance metrics. We find that multiple turbulent statistics are sensitive not only to the chemical complexity but also to the strength of the background radiation field. The statistics with meaningful responses include principal component analysis, spatial power spectrum, and bicoherence. A few of the statistics, such as the velocity coordinate spectrum, are primarily sensitive to the type of tracer being utilized, while others, like the Δ-variance, strongly respond to the background radiation field. Collectively, these findings indicate that more realistic chemistry impacts the responses of turbulent statistics and is necessary for accurate statistical comparisons between models and observed molecular clouds.
The First Naked-eye Superflare Detected from Proxima Centauri
Authors: Howard Ward S. , Tilley Matt A. , Corbett Hank , Youngblood Allison , Loyd R. O. Parke , Ratzloff Jeffrey K. , Law Nicholas M. , Fors Octavi , del Ser Daniel , Shkolnik Evgenya L. , Ziegler Carl , Goeke Erin E. , Pietraallo Aaron D. , Haislip Joshua 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Proxima b is a terrestrial-mass planet in the habitable zone of Proxima Centauri. Proxima Centauri’s high stellar activity, however, casts doubt on the habitability of Proxima b: sufficiently bright and frequent flares and any associated proton events may destroy the planet’s ozone layer, allowing lethal levels of UV flux to reach its surface. In 2016 March, the Evryscope observed the first naked-eye-brightness superflare detected from Proxima Centauri. Proxima increased in optical flux by a factor of ∼68 during the superflare and released a bolometric energy of 1033.5 erg, ∼10× larger than any previously detected flare from Proxima. Over the last two years the Evryscope has recorded 23 other large Proxima flares ranging in bolometric energy from 1030.6 to 1032.4 erg; coupling those rates with the single superflare detection, we predict that at least five superflares occur each year. Simultaneous high-resolution High Accuracy Radial velocity Planet Searcher (HARPS) spectroscopy during the Evryscope superflare constrains the superflare’s UV spectrum and any associated coronal mass ejections. We use these results and the Evryscope flare rates to model the photochemical effects of NO
x
atmospheric species generated by particle events from this extreme stellar activity, and show that the repeated flaring may be sufficient to reduce the ozone of an Earth-like atmosphere by 90% within five years; complete depletion may occur within several hundred kyr. The UV light produced by the Evryscope superflare would therefore have reached the surface with ∼100× the intensity required to kill simple UV-hardy microorganisms, suggesting that life would have to undergo extreme adaptations to survive in the surface areas of Proxima b exposed to these flares.
Un site castral bourbonnais au début de la guerre de Cent Ans : le Tronçais à Chevagnes (Allier)
Authors: Gaime Sébastien , Gauthier Fabrice , Mille Pierre , Guyot Stéphane , Dunikowski Christophe , Lefevre Jean-Claude 
Published: June 2018

L’ensemble castral du Tronçay à Chevagnes est une fortification médiévale de terre et bois constituée d’une succession d’enclos. La fouille de ces vestiges a permis de restituer une motte castrale et sa basse cour, apparues au cours du xiiie siècle, complétées dans la deuxième moitié du xive siècle par une maison forte, alors même que le château primitif continue d’exister.Le site possède dès l’origine une fonction artisanale. Au début de la guerre de Cent Ans, c’est un centre de production métallurgique. Des analyses des résidus ont montré que la totalité de la chaîne opératoire du fer est représentée, depuis l’extraction du minerai local jusqu’à sa transformation dans des bas-fourneaux, en passant par la production d’objets dans des forges, localisées, parfois, au sein même de la maison forte.Retrouvées dans les douves, totalement ou partiellement carbonisées, quarante pièces de bois qui proviennent de la passerelle d’accès ont été datées par dendrochronologie de l’hiver 1360-1361. Ces pièces ont permis la reconstitution d’un pont dormant et d’un pont-levis à flèches et à contrepoids.
Anew species of Hemerodromia Meigen 1822 from Sierra Leone
Authors: Raffone Gianni 
Published: June 2018

AbstractA new species of Hemerodromia Meigen, 1822 from Sierra Leone is described: Hemerodromia curvinervis n. sp. is related to Hemerodromia portia Jones, 1940, from which it differs in having the veins R4+52 and M1 ondulateand converging apically, M2 sinuous and reaching to coste of wing, hind tibia apically lacking setae and for the shape of male terminalia
Assessment and Management of Sport-Related Concussion Teaching Trends in Athletic Training Programs
Authors: Wallace Jessica , Beidler Erica , Covassin Tracey 
Published: June 2018

Context:
Previous research suggests that health care providers, in general, are not adequately trained in sport-related concussion (SRC) recognition and management. However, it is unclear if athletic training educators are instructing athletic training students on evidence-based SRC assessment and management protocols.

Objective:
To examine and identify which SRC resources and management tools are being used to teach and prepare athletic training students to clinically evaluate and manage SRCs.

Design:
Cross-sectional study.

Setting:
Single Web-based survey.

Patients or Other Participants:
One hundred two athletic training educators.

Main Outcome Measure(s):
Survey questions collected education level, years of experience as an athletic trainer, sex, role within the athletic training program, and the type of athletic training program at their institution. Participants were asked which position statement or consensus statement was used to teach SRC and, finally, which SRC management tools were taught to students in regard to SRC evaluation, management, and return to play.

Results:
Respondents have been certified athletic trainers for an average of 17.9 ± 6.5 years and accumulated a mean of 9.9 ± 6.8 years of clinical experience before transitioning into educational roles. Among the respondents to the survey, 99% of educators are using the National Athletic Trainers' Association position statement to teach SRC. The clinical examination (100%) was the most widely taught evaluation tool among respondents. Out of all the respondents, over 80% of educators are teaching clinical use and application of the Sport Concussion Assessment Tool 3, Balance Error Scoring System, and computerized neurocognitive testing; however, only 71% are teaching the stepwise progression, and less than 30% are teaching newer tools documented in SRC literature.

Conclusions:
Educators are following recommended practices of teaching a multifaceted approach to SRC evaluation and management. However, instruction is lacking on the use of a stepwise return-to-play progression and newer SRC management tools that assess vestibular and ocular-motor impairment.
Motivators, Anticipated Challenges, and Supportive Factors for Athletic Trainers Pursuing the Doctor of Athletic Training Degree
Authors: Mulder Evan R. , Bacon Cailee E. Welch , Edler Jessica R. , Hankemeier Dorice A. , Games Kenneth E. , Van Lunen Bonnie L. , Eberman Lindsey E. 
Published: June 2018

Context:
The doctor of athletic training degree (DAT) is a new concept in athletic training. Athletic trainers (ATs) currently pursue the degree, but little is known about why they choose the DAT.

Objective:
To explore ATs' motivations to pursue the DAT degree.

Design:
Qualitative study.

Setting:
Individual telephone interviews.

Patients or Other Participants:
Twelve first-semester DAT students (6 males, 6 females; age = 32.2 ± 5.2 years; athletic training experience = 9.1 ± 5.7 years) participated.

Main Outcome Measure(s):
Each individual telephone interview was transcribed verbatim and all identifying information was redacted. Two members of the research team used a phenomenological approach to complete data analysis. Constant comparison was used throughout data analysis to ensure consistency among individuals. A third investigator served as an external consultant to verify themes and accuracy of coding. Her review also confirmed discontinuation of interviews upon reaching data saturation. Trustworthiness of the data was established using multiple-analyst triangulation and peer review.

Results:
Four themes emerged affecting DAT student motivations for pursuing the degree: (1) personal motivators, (2) program-specific motivators, (3) initial perceived challenges, and (4) supportive factors. Participants indicated that intrinsic pursuit of lifelong learning, professional advancement, future employment opportunities, improved value within their workplace, and mentors' influence impacted them to pursue a DAT. Participants were motivated to develop professionally and advance knowledge and skills while also selecting programs based on program and faculty reputation and engagement in professional advocacy. While time commitment, work-life balance, cost, and online learning expectations were anticipated challenges, participants perceived that family, employers, peers, organization, and time management were supportive factors that would help them be successful.

Conclusions:
Students are pursing the DAT degree because of both intrinsic and extrinsic motivators. Individual program characteristics also influence the pursuit of the DAT. Students do anticipate challenges but surround themselves with supportive factors to help them be successful.