bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Near‐Unity Photoluminescence Quantum Efficiency for All CsPbX3 (X=Cl, Br, and I) Perovskite Nanocrystals: A Generic Synthesis Approach
Authors: Dutta Anirban , Behera Rakesh Kumar , Pal Poulami , Baitalik Sujoy , Pradhan Narayan 
Published: February 2019

AbstractIn a generic synthesis approach, all three CsPbX3 (X=Cl, Br and I) perovskite nanocrystals having near unity quantum yields is reported. This has been achieved by injecting the desired amount of preformed alkylammonium halide salts which acted as a dual source providing halide ions and the capping agent to an equimolar amount of non‐halide Pb and Cs precursors in a reaction flask at an optimized reaction temperature. The composition sensitivity of Pb to Cs ratio, high temperature reaction, and injection of ammonium halide remained the key parameters for obtaining the high quantum yields. Details of the reaction process, use of different reagents and setting up the reaction parameters are reported.
Organic Cocrystals: Beyond Electrical Conductivities and Field‐Effect Transistors (FETs)
Authors: Huang Yinjuan , Wang Zongrui , Chen Zhong , Zhang Qichun 
Published: February 2019

AbstractOrganic cocrystals based on noncovalent intermolecular interactions (weak interactions) have aroused interest owing to their unpredicted and versatile chemicophysical properties and their applications. In this Minireview, we highlight recent research on organic cocrystals on reducing the aggregation‐caused quenching (ACQ) effect, tuning light emission, ferroelectricity and multiferroics, optical waveguides, and stimuli‐responsiveness. We also summarize the progress made in this field including revealing the structure–property relationships and developing unusual properties. Moreover, we provide a discussion on current achievements, limitations and perspectives as well as some directions and inspiration for further investigation on organic cocrystals.
Alginate–chitosan composite hydrogel film with macrovoids in the inner layer for biomedical applications
Authors: Banerjee Arindam , Ganguly Somenath 
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACTMaking of a layered composite using two biopolymer gels with regularly aligned voids in the inner layer is described in this article. Calcium alginate constituted the inner layer, within which voids of 500 μm diameter were embedded in monolayer or in multiple layers using a fluidic device for bubbling. The chitosan without any additional crosslinker was used to form the outer layer. The layered structure enabled compartmentalization of drug hold‐up, and differential release rates. These aspects were reviewed using bovine serum albumin and vitamin B12as model solutes. The presence of voids at the inner layer of alginate increased the uptake, raising the level of absorptivity to more than 4000%. The composite film could hold two solutes at a time. The one, held inside the alginate layer started releasing only after 1 h of dipping in the release media. The adhesive strength between layers and the response of the composite film to compressive deformation are studied here. The effect of single or multiple layers of voids in the inner layer is reviewed. The slowing of degradation rate due to chitosan‐encapsulation is experimentally determined. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci.2019,136, 47599.
Utilization of poly(ethylene terephthalate) waste for preparing disodium terephthalate and its application in a solid polymer electrolyte
Authors: Haq Nazrul , Shakeel Faiyaz , Alanazi Fars K. , Shaikh Hamid , Bedja Idriss , Gupta Ravindra Kumar 
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACTA widespread application and nonbiodegradability of the poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) have created a huge amount of waste, which is imposing a serious life‐threatening environmental problem. In this study, we have utilized the PET waste to synthesize disodium terephthalate (DST), an organic salt having two Na+ ions per molecule. The purity of the DST phase was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X‐ray diffractometry (XRD), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). A new poly(ethylene oxide)–DST polymer electrolyte was synthesized for utilizing Na+ ions of the DST. The electrical conductivity of the electrolyte was optimized by varying the [O]/[Na+] mole ratio with temperature and the results were explained using the XRD and differential scanning calorimetry studies. The TGA study showed that the electrolyte is thermally stable up to 200 °C. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47612.
A Semiconducting Organic–Inorganic Hybrid Perovskite‐type Non‐ferroelectric Piezoelectric with Excellent Piezoelectricity
Authors: Zhang Yao‐Zu , Sun Dong‐Sheng , Gao Ji‐Xing , Hua Xiu‐Ni , Chen Xiao‐Gang , Mei Guang‐Quan , Liao Wei‐Qiang 
Published: February 2019

AbstractPiezoelectric materials are a class of important functional materials applied in high‐voltage sources, sensors, vibration reducers, actuators, motors, and so on. Herein, [(CH3)3S]3[Bi2Br9](1) is a brilliant semiconducting organic–inorganic hybrid perovskite‐type non‐ferroelectric piezoelectric with excellent piezoelectricity. Strikingly, the value of the piezoelectric coefficient d33 is estimated as ≈18 pC N−1. Such a large piezoelectric coefficient in non‐ferroelectric piezoelectric has been scarcely reported and is comparable with those of typically one‐composition non‐ferroelectric piezoelectrics such as ZnO (3pC N−1) and much greater than those of most known typical materials. In addition, 1 exhibits semiconducting behavior with an optical band gap of ≈2.58 eV that is lower than the reported value of 3.37 eV for ZnO. This discovery opens a new avenue to exploit molecular non‐ferroelectric piezoelectric and should stimulate further exploration of non‐ferroelectric piezoelectric due to their high stability and low loss characteristics.
Production of inulin‐ and neolevan‐type fructooligosaccharides by Penicillium janczewskii Zaleski CCIBt 3352
Authors: Zaninette Fernanda , Lopes de Melo Rocha Giulliana Aparecida , Bom Pessoni Rosemeire Aparecida , Braga Marcia Regina , Simões Kelly , de Cassia Leone Figueiredo‐Ribeiro Rita , Batista Fialho Mauricio 
Published: February 2019

AbstractFructooligosaccharides (FOS) are fructose‐based oligosaccharides employed as additives to improve the nutritional and technological properties of foods. The rhizosphere of inulin‐accumulating plants from the Cerrado (Brazilian savanna) harbor fungi capable of synthesizing FOS from sucrose through the transfructosylating activity of β‐fructosyltransferases and/or β‐fructofuranosidases. Here, we investigated the ability of Penicillium janczewskii Zaleski CCIBt 3352, a fungus isolated from the rhizosphere of Chrysolaena obovata (Asteraceae), to produce FOS in a medium supplemented with sucrose concentrations of 30, 100, or 150 g L−1. Hydrolytic activity on sucrose was observed in culture filtrates; however, at 150 g L−1 sucrose, the accumulation of 8 g L−1 1‐kestose (inulin‐type FOS) and 7.3 g L−1 neokestose (neolevan‐type FOS) was observed, the latter being a type of FOS not commonly produced by filamentous fungi. In addition, minor amounts of four unidentified oligosaccharides, with a high degree of polymerization, were detected. The production of FOS was also observed in enzymatic assays, indicating the presence of extracellular enzymes with transfructosylating activity in the culture filtrates. Our findings demonstrate the feasibility of isolating promising microorganisms, for the production of FOS‐synthesizing enzymes, from the rhizosphere of fructan‐producing plants of the Brazilian Cerrado.
Quantifizierung der Tageslichtnutzung in einem transluzenten Membrandachbau
Authors: Gürlich Daniel , Reber Amando , Eicker Ursula , Biesinger Andreas 
Published: February 2019

AbstractDer folgende Beitrag befasst sich mit der Tageslichtwirkung eines transluzenten, thermisch gedämmten Membrandaches über einer Sporthalle aus energetischer Sicht. Anhand von Messungen der optischen Eigenschaften der ausgeführten Dachkonstruktion wird eine dynamische Tageslichtsimulation der realisierten Situation über ein Jahr durchgeführt. Weitere Szenarien mit veränderten Materialeigenschaften und Konstruktionen liefern Vergleichswerte zur Quantifizierung der durch das Membrandach erreichten Reduktion des Kunstlichtbedarfs. Auf den Aspekt der Verschmutzung der Oberflächen und damit einhergehende Reduktion des Lichttransmissionsgrads wird explizit eingegangen. Bei einem Transmissionsgrad von 0,72 % wird im Vergleich zu einer alleinigen Glasfassade der Kunstlichtbedarf um 30 % von 19,7 kWhel/m2/a auf 13,8 kWh el/m2/a gesenkt. Die Seltenheit der Membranbauten verursacht eine Spärlichkeit an Betriebserfahrung und Informationen zu Kennwerten. Die Ergebnisse der vorliegenden Arbeit stellen daher als Vergleichs‐ und Kennwerte wertvolle, neue Erkenntnisse für viele Architekten, Planer und Bauherren dar.
Infraleichtbeton
Authors: Lösch Claudia , Hückler Alex , Schlaich Mike 
Published: February 2019

AbstractInfraleichtbeton ist ein konstruktiver Hochleistungsleichtbeton, der Lastabtrag und Wärmedämmung in einem Material vereint. Durch seine geringe Wärmeleitfähigkeit und gute Druckfestigkeit können mehrgeschossige Gebäude mit monolithischem Wandaufbau realisiert werden, die ohne zusätzliche Dämmschicht die aktuellen strengen energetischen Anforderungen einhalten. Die einschalige Sichtbetonbauweise ermöglicht robuste, wenig komplexe und langlebige Konstruktionen, die gleichzeitig ein hohes gestalterische Potenzial aufweisen und somit einen Beitrag zur Baukultur leisten können. In diesem Artikel werden zunächst die Grundlagen zur Zusammensetzung und Herstellung des Infraleichtbetons sowie der Stand der Forschung kurz zusammengefasst. Die wesentlichen mechanischen Kennwerte werden aufgeführt und exemplarisch ausgewählte bauphysikalische Eigenschaften erläutert. Abschließend werden einige Referenzprojekte aus Infraleichtbeton vorgestellt.
Neue Erkenntnisse zur Ermüdungsfestigkeit von Spannbeton unter sehr hohen Lastwechselzahlen
Authors: Heeke Guido , Heinrich Jens , Maurer Reinhard 
Published: February 2019

AbstractFür den Nachweis gegen Ermüdung von älteren bestehenden Spannbetonbrücken oder Neubauten werden Bemessungswöhlerlinien für Spannstahl im einbetonierten Zustand benötigt. Die bisherigen Versuche mit gekrümmten Spanngliedern im nachträglichen Verbund decken die Wöhlerlinie hauptsächlich im Zeitfestigkeitsbereich ab. Nur sehr wenige Versuche weisen Lastspielzahlen über 10 Mio. auf, wobei eine echte Dauerfestigkeit nicht erkennbar ist. Daher ist der Verlauf der Wöhlerlinie im Dauerfestigkeitsbereich im Wesentlichen hypothetisch festgelegt worden. Im Rahmen eines Teilprojekts im SFB 823 „Statistik nichtlinearer dynamischer Prozesse“ wird an der TU Dortmund die Ermüdungsfestigkeit einbetonierter Spannstähle erstmals im Bereich bis etwa 108 Lastzyklen experimentell untersucht. Des Weiteren wurden auf Grundlage einer sehr umfangreichen Datenbasis verschiedener gemessener physikalischer Größen mit mathematisch statistischen Methoden Prognoseverfahren zur Abschätzung der Lebensdauer von Versuchsträgern entwickelt. Diese ermöglichen bei vorgegebener Aussagewahrscheinlichkeit die Abschätzung eines Prognoseintervalls mit Mittelwert‐ und Quantilkurven für die Lebensdauer auf Grundlage des Schädigungsverlaufs.
The Direct Synthesis of H2O2 Using TS‐1 Supported Catalysts
Authors: Lewis Richard J. , Ueura Kenji , Fukuta Yukimasa , Freakley Simon J. , Kang Liqun , Wang Ryan , He Qian , Edwards Jennifer. K. , Morgan David J. , Yamamoto Yasushi , Hutchings Graham J. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractIn this study we show that using AuPd nanoparticles supported on a commercial titanium silicate (TS‐1) prepared using a wet co‐impregnation method it is possible to produce hydrogen peroxide from molecular H2 and O2 via the direct synthesis reaction. The effect of Au: Pd ratio and calcination temperature is evaluated as well as the role of Pt addition to the AuPd supported catalysts. The effect of Pt addition to AuPt nanoparticles is observed to result in a significant improvement in catalytic activity and selectivity to hydrogen peroxide with detailed characterisation indicating this is a result of selectively tuning the ratio of Pd oxidation states.
Determination of Breakage Parameters in Turbulent Fluid‐Fluid Breakage
Authors: Herø Eirik H. , Forgia Nicolas La , Solsvik Jannike , Jakobsen Hugo A. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractNumerous sets of single‐particle breakage experiments are required in order to provide a sufficient database for improving the modeling of fluid particle breakage mechanisms. This work focuses on the interpretation of the physical breakage events captured on video. In order to extract the necessary information required for modeling the mechanisms of the fluid particle breakage events in turbulent flows, a well‐defined image analysis procedure is necessary. Two breakage event definitions are considered, namely, initial breakup and cascade breakup. The reported breakage time, the number of daughter particles created, and the daughter size distribution are significantly affected by the definition used. For each breakage event definition, an image analysis procedure is presented.
Pulmonary vein anatomy addressed by computed tomography and relation to success of second‐generation cryoballoon ablation in paroxysmal atrial fibrillation
Authors: Mulder Bart A. , Al‐Jazairi Meelad I. H. , Arends Bauke K. O. , Bax Niels , Dijkshoorn Leonard A. , Sheikh Uzaifa , Tan Eng S. , Wiesfeld Ans C. P. , Tieleman Robert G. , Vliegenthart Rozemarijn , Rienstra Michiel , van Gelder Isabelle C. , Blaauw Yuri 
Published: February 2019

BackgroundCryoballoon isolation is considered a safe and effective treatment for atrial fibrillation (AF). However, recurrence of AF after first cryoballoon ablation occurs in ~30% of patients. Pre‐procedurally identifying patients at risk of AF recurrence could be beneficial.HypothesisOur aim was to determine how pulmonary vein (PV) anatomy influences the recurrence of AF using the second‐generation cryoballoon in patients with paroxysmal AF.MethodsWe included 88 consecutive patients with paroxysmal AF undergoing PVI procedure with a second‐generation 28‐mm cryoballoon. All patients were evaluated at 3, 6 and 12 months using a 12‐lead ECG and 24‐hour Holter monitoring. PV anatomy was assessed by creating three‐dimensional models using computed tomography (CT) segmentations of the left atrium.ResultsFifty‐one patients (61%) had left PVs with a shared carina, 35 patients (42%) had a shared right carina. Nine patients (11%) were classified having a right middle PV. In total 17 (20.2%) of patients had a left common PV. At 12 months, 14 patients (17%) had experienced AF recurrence. Neither PV ovality, variant anatomy, the presence of shared carina nor a common left PV was a predictor for AF recurrence.ConclusionsNo specific characteristics of PV dimensions nor morphology were associated with AF recurrence after cryoballoon ablation in patients with paroxysmal AF.
Surface characterization of wood treated with boron compounds combined with water repellents
Authors: Can Ahmet , Sivrikaya Hüseyin 
Published: February 2019

AbstractLonger weathering exposure periods are more reliable for end‐use performance evaluations of wood surfaces. This study aimed to investigate the effect of boron impregnation on the surface composition and color of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) wood exposed to 18 months of natural weathering in the West Black Sea Region of Turkey. All measurements were performed at 6 month intervals. Samples were first impregnated with boron compounds and then for a second time using five different water‐repellent materials. Polyethylene glycol and aluminum sulfate were introduced with the boric acid as single impregnations. With increased weathering time, the samples darkened, while sodium silicate kept the color change to a minimum. Nano boron‐impregnated samples exhibited more effective results than those impregnated with boric acid. The FTIR analysis results demonstrated that the impregnation process had caused significant changes in the chemical structure of the samples. The changes in the chemical structure of the wood resulting from the impregnation process were partially maintained during the weathering.
Lesinurad: Evaluation of Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Interactions With Warfarin in Healthy Volunteers
Authors: Shen Zancong , Lee Caroline A. , Wallach Kathleen , Valdez Shakti , Wilson David M. , Kerr Bradley , Gillen Michael 
Published: February 2019

AbstractLesinurad is a selective uric acid reabsorption inhibitor approved for use in combination with xanthine oxidase inhibitors for the treatment of hyperuricemia associated with gout. In vitro, lesinurad was shown to be a weak inhibitor of cytochrome P450 (CYP)2C9 and a weak inducer of CYP3A4. Warfarin is a widely prescribed oral coumarin‐based anticoagulant commonly prescribed in gout patients. In an open‐label clinical study in healthy adult male subjects, the effects of multiple daily doses of 400 mg lesinurad on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of a single dose of 25 mg warfarin (racemic mixture of R‐ and S‐ enantiomers) were evaluated. Lesinurad had no effect on the absorption or the exposure (area under the concentration‐time curve [AUC] and peak concentration) of the more active S‐warfarin enantiomer. A slight reduction (19%) in overall plasma exposure (AUC) was observed for the R‐warfarin enantiomer. Lesinurad had no meaningful clinical impact on anticoagulation activity as measured by prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, and international normalized ratio of prothrombin time and Factor VII clotting activity. Overall, the administration of warfarin in the presence of multiple‐dose lesinurad was devoid of clinically significant drug‐drug interaction.
Effect of occlusal splint and therapeutic exercises on postural balance of patients with signs and symptoms of temporomandibular disorder
Authors: Oliveira Simone S. I. , Pannuti Claudio M. , Paranhos Klenise S. , Tanganeli João P. C. , Laganá Dalva C. , Sesma Newton , Duarte Marcos , Frigerio Maria Luíza M. A. , Cho Sang‐Chon 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate the effects of the use of an occlusal splint on postural balance considering the occlusal splint as a device for treating temporomandibular joint disorder. A randomized, controlled, prospective clinical trial was conducted. The research group consisted of 49 patients (36 as test group and 13 as control group) between 18 and 75 years old, both genders, diagnosed as temporomandibular disorder by Research Diagnostic Criteria/Temporomandibular Disorders questionnaire and magnetic resonance imaging of the temporomandibular joints. Test group was treated with orientations for physiotherapeutic exercises and occlusal splint, whereas control group received orientation for physiotherapeutic exercises only. Postural equilibrium was evaluated by means of a force plate. After 12 weeks, the groups were re‐evaluated. Patients from both groups presented a significant increase in antero‐posterior speed with eyes closed, test group (P < 0.001) and control group (P = 0.046). Only patients of the test group presented a significant increase in antero‐posterior speed with eyes opened (P = 0.023). We concluded that the use of occlusal splint affected the postural balance.
Fluorination of MXene by Elemental F2 as Electrode Material for Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Thapaliya Bishnu P. , Jafta Charl J. , Lyu Hailong , Xia Jiexiang , Meyer Harry M. , Paranthaman M. Parans , Sun Xiao‐Guang , Bridges Craig A. , Dai Sheng 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe transformation of MXene sheets into TiOF2 2D sheets with superior electrochemical performance was developed. MXene synthesized from Ti3AlC2 was fluorinated for 3, 6, and 24 h, respectively, by means of a direct fluorination process. Exposure of MXene powder to elemental fluorine for 3 h induced the formation of CF2 groups and TiF3 on the surface, which have beneficial effects on the electrochemical performance. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy suggested that after fluorinating the MXene sample for 6 h Ti2+ and Ti3+ were not present on the surface but only Ti4+, indicating the formation of TiOF2. XRD indicated that TiOF2 was present after fluorinating for 3 h, and after 24 h the MXene had transformed to TiOF2 with minor impurities remaining, maintaining its 2D layer morphology. The 24 h fluorinated sample with its TiOF2 phase showed superior capacity that increased with cycle number. It also had a better rate capability than non‐2D‐layered TiOF2, indicating the advantage of the 2D‐layered morphology derived from the parent MXene phase.
Emerging reservoir delta‐backwaters: biophysical dynamics and riparian biodiversity
Authors: Volke Malia A. , Johnson W. Carter , Dixon Mark D. , Scott Michael L. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractDeltas and backwater‐affected bottomlands are forming along tributary and mainstem confluences in reservoirs worldwide. Emergence of prograding deltas, along with related upstream hydrogeomorphic changes to river bottomlands in the backwater fluctuation zones of reservoirs, signals the development of new and dynamic riparian and wetland habitats. This study was conducted along the regulated Missouri River, USA, to examine delta‐backwater formation and describe vegetation response to its development and dynamics. Our research focused specifically on the delta‐backwater forming at the confluence of the White River tributary and Lake Francis Case reservoir. Objectives of the research were to: (1) describe and analyze the process of delta‐backwater formation over space and time; (2) determine by field sampling and GIS mapping how vegetation has responded to development of the delta‐backwater; and (3) compare the woody plant communities of the delta‐backwater to those along free‐flowing and regulated remnant river reaches. In response to base level changes caused by reservoir filling, the thalweg of the lower 31 km of the original White River channel and adjacent floodplain aggraded by up to 12 m between 1954 and 2011. The overall channel slope flattened from 0.70 to 0.29 m/km. Riparian Populus–Salix forests increased in area by nearly 50% during the post‐dam period by colonizing new deltaic and floodplain deposits. Many of the native woody species found along natural and regulated river reaches were also found on the delta‐backwater. Woody species sorted along a fluvial to delta gradient; wetland affiliated species (Salix spp., Typha spp.) dominated the delta‐backwater near the reservoir while riparian species (Populus, Fraxinus) dominated in upstream portions of the delta‐backwater. This habitat complex supports young stands of native riparian vegetation now in decline in remnant reaches protected from flooding.