bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of Zr addition on the corrosion behavior of biomedical PIM Ti-16Nb alloy in SBF
Authors: Yılmaz Eren , Gökçe Azim , Fındık Fehim , Gülsoy Hamit Özkan 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
In this study, the effect of Zr content on the corrosion resistance of Ti-16Nb alloy produced by powder injection molding was investigated. Electrochemical corrosion tests were carried out in simulated body fluid using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and polarization curve analysis. It is observed that, with the addition of 10 wt.% Zr to the base alloy, the corrosion current density and the corrosion rate decreased from 2.23 to 1.55 μA cm−2 and 961.7 × 10−3 mpy to 703 × 10−3 mpy, respectively. As a result, the addition of Zr has been effective in increasing the corrosion resistance of the Ti16Nb alloy.
Book Reviews
Authors: Du Plessis Pierre , Mohan Sanal 
Published: November 2018

John Hartigan Jr., Care of the Species: Races of Corn and the Science of Plant Biodiversity. Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press, pp. 376, 2017.Luisa Steur, Indigenist Mobilization: Confronting Electoral Communism and Precarious Livelihoods in Post-Reform Kerala. New York: Berghahn, pp. 302, 2017.
ENABLING DAN KONSUMSI MAKANAN JAJANAN YANG MANGANDUNG BAHAN TAMBAHAN MAKANAN PADA MURID SD INPRES 10/73 WATAMPALAKKA KABUPATEN BONE
Authors: Hatta Herman , Anto Anto , Maesarah Maesarah 
Published: November 2018

Children in particular more school child like street food and drink that its nice taste and delicate and colour and its form pulls. Street food that generally contains supplemental foods. Purpose supplemental excessive food even that is prohibitted will dangerously divide person that consumption. Research purposes: to see the factors related to consuming snacks that contain food additives for elementary student’s inpres 10/73 watampalakka. Observational type that is utilized is observational analytic survey with approaching cross sectional study with aim to know Enabling Factor relationship by Consumption Street Food That Contains Supplemental Foods On Student SD Inpres 10/73 Watampalakka Bone Regencies with samples taking tech which is Proportional Random Sampling. Observational result at gets that nutrient science in reference to street food consumption that contains supplemental foods with appreciative (0,021) < (0,05), attitude to nutrient is engaged consume street food that contains supplemental foods with appreciative (0,000) < 0,05, action to street food is engaged consume street food that contains supplemental foods with appreciative (0,000) < 0,05, and pocket money is engaged consume street food that contains supplemental foods with appreciative (0,000) < 0,05. To on one's side that school gets partner with public health center or salving observation hall and alimentary to give information to student about supplemental foods preferably which exists deep alimentary street food.
Pendidikan Profetik dan Perannya dalam Menangkal Dampak Negatif Teknologi di Mlangi Yogyakarta
Authors: Habiba Sulhatul , Sholikhah Khotimatus 
Published: November 2018

This research describes the prophetic education in Mlangi Nogotirto Gamping Sleman Yogyakarta, and examines the role it plays in counteracting the negative effects of technology. Problem formulation in this research: what is the meaning of prophetic education? And how does prophetic education stem the negative effects of technology? The results show that prophetic education plays a major role in minimizing the negative effects of technology. The strengthening of spirituality as played by 16 pesantren and active involvement of citizens and santri in society can counter the negative influence from outside Mlangi.
Membangun Semangat Pendidikan dengan Puasa
Authors: Muhirdan Muhirdan 
Published: November 2018

Ramadan fasting is a mandatory worship for the faithful both men and women as well as past and later ones. Fasting during Ramadan that Allah prescribes in the Qur'an has a certain meaning and purpose. This paper will explain the meaning ofthe word 'Ramadan' and the purpose of fasting, and the meanings associated with the words ‘knowledge’ (‘ilm) described in the verses of the Quran and the Hadis of the Prophet Muhammad. This paper also aims to know about the religiosity and degrees (maqamat) that can be gained by faithful associated with worship based onknowledge. In addition, in the conduct of worship, a person needs knowledge. People who are knowledgeable and faithful will be given a higher degree by God because the knowledgeable people will obey and submit to God. Thus, it can be concluded that faith, knowledge, and worship are triangles whose sides connect and fill one another and are inseparable. Acts of kindness, noble character (amal shalih) has done by the faithful and knowledgeable can lead him to achieve the predicate of takwa as the highest degree.
Model Pendidikan Agama Islam Menggunakan Pembelajaran Active Learning Tingkat Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Toha Sukron Muhammad 
Published: November 2018

<p>Fokus penelitian ini: (1) Mendapatkan gambaran tentang kondisi awal kegiatan belajar mengajar Pendidikan Agama Islam di SDIT Al Hikmah Depok yang selama ini berlangsung. (2)Menghasilkan suatu model pembelajaran active learning yang dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar Pendidikan Agama Islam siswa SDIT Al Hikmah Depok. Rumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini, Yaitu : (1) Bagaimana kondisi kegiatan belajar mengajar Pendidikan Agama Islam (PAI) di SDIT Al Hikmah Depok yang selama ini berlangsung?. (2) Bagaimana tujuan pembelajaran active learning yang ada di SDIT AL-Hikmah Depok? Dalam Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan penelitian dan pengembangan (Research and Development) di mana dalam prosesnya mengacu kepada dasar-dasar, prinsip-prinsip dan langkah-langkah Pendekatan atau strategi Penelitian dan Pengembangan yang dikemukakan oleh Borg dan Gall (1983 : 771-794).pengumpulan data dalam penelitian menggunakan studi kepustakaan, observasi, wawancara, angket dan dokumentasi. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam pengumpulan data dalah dalam bentuk pertanyaan dan pernyataan yang diberikan guru dan siswa sebagai responden untuk memperoleh data. Dari hasil penelitian, penulis menyimpulkan (1) pembelajaran active leraning di anggap mampu meningkatkan hasil belajar, sehingga model pembelajaran ini dianggap layak untuk diterapkan di SDIT Al Hikmah. (2) menunjukan pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap peningkatan hasil belajar siswa dan memberikan hasil belajar yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan pemberian metode pembelajaran ceramah</p>
In situ Evolved Gas Analysis of TMOS-based Gel Electrolytes Containing Guanidinium Thiocyanate for Quasi-solid-state Dye-sensitized Solar Cells by TG-FTIR and TG-MS
Authors: Nagygyörgy Viola , Stathatos Elias , Pokol György , Madarász János 
Published: November 2018

A comparative study on thermal stability of hybrid (organic / inorganic) electrolytes for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) in various ethylene oxide oligomers / silica based gelly matrices, containing also some efficiency-promoter additives is presented. Using thermogravimetry combined with two evolved gas analytical (EGA-FTIR and EGA-MS) techniques, the released gases and volatile decomposition products from the composite electrolytes during dynamic heating programs have been identified and monitored. First methanol (arising from condensation of tetramethoxysilane, TMOS) and acetonitrile (solvent) are evolved followed by elongated release of 4-tert-butylpyridine, than carbonyl sulfide, which is one of the degradation products of guanidinium thiocyanate, and various alkyl iodides, as well as iodine, later various oxidized species with >C=O groups (arising from oxidative degradation of oligo(ethylene glycolic) parts, ammonia (originated from guanidine) have been observed and traced during the accelerated heating tests, before final burning out of the organic residue with CO2 evolution. Thermal behavior of pure guanidinium thiocyanate, one of the most important additives improving thermal stability of Grätzel type solar cells (DSSCs), combined with identification of its eight gaseous decomposition products and their release pattern is also reported.
Etude empirique et modélisation d'une activité de diagnostic cognitif
Authors: Salembier Pascal 
Published: November 2018

Empirical field study and modelling of a cognitive diagnosis activity
This paper brings up some methodological and epistemological implications that result from a study based on the analysis of a cognitive diagnosis task. It attempts to emphasize the importance of the analysis of cognitive activities in complex work situations. It shows that these field studies can provide some elements for the investigation of research topics in cognitive science, and for the development of models capable of taking into account the contextual aspects of cognitive activities. We assume that they are also able to provide elements for the discussion of logicist views of cognition, which regard certain cognitive structures (e.g. stereotypes) solely as the manifestation of an imperfect rationality.
Différence ontologique et cognition
Authors: Salanskis Jean Michel 
Published: November 2018

L'article explore la signification que peuvent revêtir les considérations ontologiques de Heidegger, et tout particulièrement le concept de différence ontologique, vis-à-vis des recherches cognitives. Il analyse dans cet esprit l'interprétation du sens du mot 'Être' que donnent ou suggèrent trois conceptions de type cognitif des structures sémantiques les plus générales : la grammaire universelle de Montague, la grammaire cognitive de Langacker et la théorie catastrophiste de l'organisation casuelle de René Thom ou de ses successeurs Jean Petitot et Wolfgang Wildgen.
On examine ensuite les deux manières de comprendre l'implication de la philosophie dans l'affaire scientifique illustrée par la première partie : on bien la différence ontologique est prise comme une simple clef herméneutique favorisant la relecture intelligente de théories et de modèles scientifiques, ou bien elle est plus radicalement tenue pour le discours qui fournit la bonne approche de l'objet poursuivi par les théories sémantiques. Dans le même ordre d'idées, on apporte quelques commentaires sur la différence qu'il y a entre la manière dont le présent article invoque Heidegger pour des motifs théoriques, et le rôle d'instance critique à l'égard du projet et de la méthode de l'intelligence artificielle classique qui a été donné à la philosophie heideggerienne dans les travaux de Dreyfus et Winograd-Florès.
De la "naturalité" des catégories sémantiques : des catégories d'objets naturels aux catégories lexicales
Authors: Dubois Danielle , Resche-Rigon Philippe 
Published: November 2018

About the "naturalness " of semantic categories — From categories of "natural objects" to lexical categories
This paper examines the notion of naturality developed in the framework of the theory of natural categories and the natural process of categorization. We first analyze the seminal work of Rosch on focal colors as instances of natural categories. We then track the extension of the notion of natural categories to natural objects, from natural categories to artefacts and to any object categorized on the basis of typicality. Finaly we point to the consequences of such a concept on cognitive linguistics based on the naturalization of lexical semantic categories. The polysémie use of the notion of naturality is subsumed by the epistemic function of preserving the principles of universality of cognition against cultural determination.
L'innovation cognitive dans des communautés hybrides homme/animal de partage de sens, d'intérêts et d'affects
Authors: Lestel Dominique 
Published: November 2018

Cognitive innovation in hybrid human/animal communities where meanings, interests and emotions are shared.
Animals are not condemned to purely routine patterns of use. Animals with the higher degrees of complexity have the capacity to innovate cognitively, i.e. to acquire one or several cognitive procedures that are quite without precedent in the original collectivities of their species where they usually evolve. This article discusses recent work, based on observations in the field or in experimental laboratory situations, which describes changes in the cognitive behaviour of animals and which attempts to account for them. The studies on the linguistic capacities of apes, and on tool use in animals, are particularly interesting in this respect. This work raises questions concerning the role of certain particular communities, where meanings, interests and emotions are shared, in shaping the cognitive ecology of animals ; and opens the possibility of elaborating a natural history of culture from a cognitive point of view.
L’utilisation des textes procéduraux : lecture, compréhension et exécution d’instructions écrites
Authors: Heurley Laurent , Ganier Franck 
Published: November 2018

The Processing of Procedural Texts : Reading, Understanding and Executing Written Instructions.
This review presents the main models that have been proposed in cognitive psychology to explain how users follow the directions contained in procedural texts (instructions for use, explanatory leaflets, etc.). This review is organised in two parts. The first part briefly describes the methods used in cognitive psychology to study the process by which procedural instructions are used. The second part presents different models of the use of procedural documents and of the processing of instructions for use. At a global level, the using process (instructions reading, comprehension and execution) can be described as being organised into a series of cycles. Each cycle corresponds to the processing of a few textual segments. At a local level, following instructions can be described as a (direct or indirect) translating process of knowledge into action. This review shows that research dealing with the processing of procedural texts still requires specific modelling.
Cultural Synaesthesia: Neuropsychological versus Anthropological Approaches to the Study of Intersensoriality
Authors: Howes David 
Published: November 2018

Synesthésie culturelle : approches neuropsychologiques et anthropologiques de l’étude d’intersensorialité.
Les théories neuropsychologiques de la synesthésie abordent le phénomène d’intersensorialité (entendre des couleurs, voir des sons, et toute forme de stimulation intersensorielle) comme une rare anomalie génétique conduisant à un «excès d’interconnexions » du cerveau. De leur côté, les théories anthropologiques de la synesthésie voient dans cette dernière le produit d’un conditionnement social et d’une inflexion culturelle. Il est en effet démontrable qu’aussi bien la nature des connexions intersensorielles que la signification de la synesthésie varient d’une culture à l’autre. Par exemple, certaines cultures privilégient les odeurs que l’on entend, d’autres les sons colorés ; certaines cultures promeuvent l’intégration des sens, d’autres la séparation des sens. On soutient que les théories neuropsychologiques de la synesthésie doivent être radicalement repensées à la lumière des travaux anthropologiques qui montrent l’historicité et la spécificité culturelle des variations d’intersensorialité.
Le concept d'expression chez Karl Bühler
Authors: Friedrich Janette 
Published: November 2018

Karl Bühler's Concept of Expression.
The article deals with some central claims developed by Karl Bühler in his book, Ausdruckstheorie (1933). These claims are interesting as concerns the ongoing debates about the concept of expression, currently at work in the fields of psychology and language sciences. It is shown that Bühler renounces to define expression through the exclusive notion of what would be the revelation of an interiority. While asserting that «expression is a parabola for action » , Bühler examines the refined and shaded description, by J. J. Engel, of theatrical performance in its very essence : thus is put into the light a specific feature of expression, the bodily orientations of actors towards present. The general claim is that Bühler «localizes » a certain kind of expressive phenomena within bodily movements directed towards the world, as regards human beings and animals. In this way is sketched out the possibility for escaping psychologism (or anthropomorphism) which would be otherwise unavoidable in the development of a theory of action.
Vers des traces numériques comme objets informatiques de premier niveau : une approche par les traces modélisées
Authors: Champin Pierre-Antoine , Mille Alain , Prié Yannick 
Published: November 2018

Towards Digital Traces as First Class Digital Objects : an Approach Based on Modeled Traces.
Every computer-mediated activity leaves digital traces that are potentially usable as knowledge, for that activity or future activities. The approach proposed in this paper aims at actually using that knowledge in so-called trace-based computer systems. This approach consists in a priori modeling traces, and capturing their various possible interpretations in reproducible transformations. We propose a general meta-model for modeled-trace-based systems, and illustrate its deployment in two applications. Finally, we discuss the challenges raised by the design of such systems, especially in its taking into account the traced human activity, hence its multidisciplinary nature.
An Ultra Metal-poor Star Near the Hydrogen-burning Limit*
Authors: Schlaufman Kevin C. , Thompson Ian B. , Casey Andrew R. 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
It is unknown whether or not low-mass stars can form at low metallicity. While theoretical simulations of Population III (Pop III) star formation show that protostellar disks can fragment, it is impossible for those simulations to discern if those fragments survive as low-mass stars. We report the discovery of a low-mass star on a circular orbit with orbital period P = 34.757 ± 0.010 days in the ultra metal-poor (UMP) single-lined spectroscopic binary system 2MASS J18082002–5104378. The secondary star 2MASS J18082002–5104378 B has a mass

M

2

=

0.14

−
0.01

+
0.06

M

⊙

, placing it near the hydrogen-burning limit for its composition. The 2MASS J18082002–5104378 system is on a thin disk orbit as well, making it the most metal-poor thin disk star system by a considerable margin. The discovery of 2MASS J18082002–5104378 B confirms the existence of low-mass UMP stars and its short orbital period shows that fragmentation in metal-poor protostellar disks can lead to the formation and survival of low-mass stars. We use scaling relations for the typical fragment mass and migration time along with published models of protostellar disks around both UMP and primordial composition stars to explore the formation of low-mass Pop III stars via disk fragmentation. We find evidence that the survival of low-mass secondaries around solar-mass UMP primaries implies the survival of solar-mass secondaries around Pop III primaries with masses

10

M

⊙

≲

M

*

≲
100

M

⊙

. If true, this inference suggests that solar-mass Pop III stars formed via disk fragmentation could survive to the present day.
A Long Hard-X-Ray Look at the Dual Active Galactic Nuclei of M51 with NuSTAR
Authors: Brightman M. , Baloković M. , Koss M. , Alexander D. M. , Annuar A. , Earnshaw H. , Gandhi P. , Harrison F. A. , Hornschemeier A. E. , Lehmer B. , Powell M. C. , Ptak A. , Rangelov B. , Roberts T. P. , Stern D. , Walton D. J. , Zezas A. 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
We present a broadband X-ray spectral analysis of the M51 system, including the dual active galactic nuclei (AGNs) and several off-nuclear point sources. Using a deep observation by NuSTAR, new high-resolution coverage of M51b by Chandra, and the latest X-ray torus models, we measure the intrinsic X-ray luminosities of the AGNs in these galaxies. The AGN of M51a is found to be Compton-thick, and both AGNs have very low accretion rates (

). The latter is surprising considering that the galaxies of M51 are in the process of merging, which is generally predicted to enhance nuclear activity. We find that the covering factor of the obscuring material in M51a is 0.26 ± 0.03, consistent with the local AGN obscured fraction at

erg s−1. The substantial obscuring column does not support theories that the torus, presumed responsible for the obscuration, disappears at these low accretion luminosities. However, the obscuration may have resulted from the gas infall driven by the merger rather than the accretion process. We report on several extranuclear sources with

erg s−1 and find that a spectral turnover is present below 10 keV in most such sources, in line with recent results on ultraluminous X-ray sources.
Extreme Circumgalactic H i and C iii Absorption around the Most Massive, Quenched Galaxies
Authors: Smailagić Marijana , Prochaska Jason Xavier , Burchett Joseph , Zhu Guangtun , Ménard Brice 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Luminous red galaxies (LRGs) are the most massive galaxies at z ∼ 0.5 and, by selection, have negligible star formation (SF). These objects have halo masses between those of L
* galaxies, whose circumgalactic media (CGMs) are observed to have large masses of cold gas, and clusters of galaxies, which primarily contain hot gas. Here, we report detections of strong and extended metal (C iii 977) and H i lines in the CGM of two LRGs. The C iii lines have equivalent widths (EWs) of ∼1.8 and ∼1.2 Å, and velocity spreads of ∼796 and ∼1245

, exceeding all such measurements from local ∼L
* galaxies (maximal C iii EWs ∼1 Å). The data demonstrate that a subset of halos hosting very massive, quenched galaxies contain significant complexes of cold gas. Possible scenarios to explain our observations include that the LRGs’ CGMs originate from past activity (e.g., SF or active galactic nuclei driven outflows) or from the CGMs of galaxies in overlapping subhalos. We favor the latter scenario, in which the properties of the CGMs are more tightly linked to the underlying dark matter halo than properties of the targeted galaxies (e.g., SF).
The Variable Relativistic Outflow of IRAS 13224–3809
Authors: Chartas George , Canas Manuel H. 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
The discovery of an ultrafast outflow has been reported in the z = 0.0658 narrow-line Seyfert galaxy IRAS 13224−3809. The ultrafast outflow was first inferred through the detection of highly blueshifted absorption lines and then confirmed with a principal component analysis. Two of the reported properties of this outflow differed from those typically detected in other AGNs with ultrafast outflows. First, the outflow velocity was found not to vary with v = 0.236c ± 0.006c. Second, the equivalent width of the highly blueshifted absorption line was reported to be anticorrelated with the 3–10 keV flux of this source. We present a reanalysis of the XMM-Newton observations of IRAS 13224−3809 considering the influence of background. We also undertook a different analysis approach in combining the spectra and investigated the change of the properties of the outflow as a function of 3–10 keV flux and time. We confirm the presence of an ultrafast outflow in IRAS 13224−3809; however, we find that the background spectra used in the Parker et al. analyses dominate the source spectra for energies near the blueshifted iron lines. By reducing the source extraction regions to improve the signal-to-noise ratio, we discover larger than previously reported outflow velocities and find that the outflow velocity varies from ∼0.2c to ∼0.3c and increases with 3–10 keV flux. The previously reported anticorrelation between equivalent width of the iron line and 3–10 keV flux disappears when the background spectra are reduced by optimizing the source extraction regions.