bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Selection of Reference Regions to Model Neurodegeneration in Huntington Disease by 18F-FDG PET/CT Using Imaging and Clinical Parameters
Authors: López Mora Diego Alfonso , Sampedro Frederic , Camacho Valle , Fernández Alejandro , Fuentes Francisco , Duch Joan , Pérez-Perez Jesús , Martínez-Horta Saül , Marín-Lahoz Juan , Domènech Anna , Flotats Albert , Estorch Montserrat , Kulisevsky Jaime , Carrió Ignasi 
Published: October 2018

Objective
Normalization to an appropriate reference region in 18F-FDG PET imaging may enhance diagnostic performance in Huntington disease (HD). We aimed to identify stable brain areas that could be used to model neurometabolic degeneration in HD correlating imaging (SUVrvalues at the basal ganglia [BBGG]) and clinical parameters (disease burden score [DBS]).

Materials and Methods
We performed brain 18F-FDG PET/CT in 38 manifest HD patients (meanage ± SD, 54 ± 14.3 years; CAGrepeats ± SD, 44.2 ± 3.1), 20 premanifest HD patients (meanage ± SD, 42.7 ± 11.7 years; CAGrepeats ± SD, 40 ± 3.8), and 18 healthy controls (NC; meanage ± SD, 45 ± 13.2 years). For quantitative analysis, we selected (a) defined reference regions from the Montreal Neurological Institute space atlas (pons, whole cerebellum, cerebral white matter, thalamus, and a pons–cerebellar vermis region of interest), and (b) reference clusters obtained by voxelwise statistical comparison across groups (P < 0.05 FWE; extent voxel threshold k = 200). Each candidate reference region and reference cluster was quantitatively assessed using imaging and clinical parameters.

Results
Comparing HD and NC groups, we obtained a reference cluster in the cerebellum, and in temporal and frontal lobes. Comparing manifest HD and premanifest HD patients, we observed reference clusters in the cerebellum, pons, thalamus, parietal lobe, and cuneus. The set of reference regions showed a significant correlation between SUVrvalues at the BBGG and DBS in all HD patients. In premanifest HD patients, the correlation between SUVrvalues at the BBGG and DBS was significant using the pons–cerebellar vermis region of interest, the thalamus as defined reference regions, and the pons and thalamus as reference clusters. In manifest HD patients, the correlation was significant using the temporal and white matter frontal lobe clusters. Variance between SUVrvalues in the set of reference regions and reference clusters was minimal within NC.

Conclusions
The pons may be a stable and reliable region to calculate SUVrvalues to model the neurometabolic degeneration in quantitative 18F-FDG PET imaging in HD.
Single-Surgeon Experience for Maximizing Outcomes in Implant-Based Breast Reconstruction in Chinese Patients
Authors: He Shanshan , Yin Jian , Sun Jingyan , Huang Qingfeng , Liu Jing , Han Chunyong , Yin Zhuming 
Published: October 2018

Introduction
Breast reconstruction for Chinese patients is vastly different given cultural differences, patient preferences, access to resources, and insurance coverage in China. Given these unique factors, a different approach for optimizing outcomes should be considered.

Methods
Retrospective review of all patients undergoing implant-based breast reconstruction from January 2013 to May 2016 was performed. Esthetic evaluations were made both by the patients and 1 nonoperative surgeon at least 6 months postoperative, and patient satisfaction was assessed using the Breast-Q.

Results
Overall, 135 patients undergoing 141 implant-based breast reconstructions were reviewed. The majority of implants (n = 134) were placed in a subpectoral position, whereas 7 were placed prepectorally, and no acellular dermal matrix was used. Given the limitations in acellular dermal matrix usage, soft-tissue coverage was augmented with local regional flaps. Ninety-four reconstructions (66.7%) used latissimus dorsi, 39 (27.7%) used serratus anterior, and 7 (5.0%) used mastectomy skin flaps only for implant coverage. Four patients (2.8%) underwent revision surgery to the reconstructed breasts. Grade III and grade IV capsular contracture was observed in 10 (7.1%) and 2 (1.4%) reconstructions, respectively. Both the patient's and the surgeon's satisfaction were higher than 80% in breast symmetry.

Conclusions
Our implant selection method fit the Chinese population characteristics and could be extended to different types of implant-based breast reconstruction. It produced good esthetic outcomes and was reproducible, predictable, and simple to master in the clinical setting.
Distal Radius Fractures in the Elderly
Authors: Miller Jonathan E. , Naram Aparajit , Qin BaiJing , Rothkopf Douglas M. 
Published: October 2018

Background
Distal radius fractures represent some of the most common injuries to the upper extremity, yet current evidence demonstrates great variability in the management of this injury. Elderly patients, in particular, stand to benefit from the early mobilization provided by operative fixation with a volar bearing plate.

Methods
We conducted a retrospective chart review on all patients 65 years or older who underwent unilateral open reduction internal fixation of distal radius fractures using a volar bearing plate at a single institution between January 2014 and January 2016. We excluded patients with bilateral injuries, multiple fractures, and major injuries to the same extremity.

Results
Fifty-five patients met criteria for this study. By AO classification, we repaired 17 type A, 24 type B, and 14 type C fractures. At final radiographic measurements, average radial height compared with ulna measured −0.31 mm, average radial inclination measured 20.45 degrees, and average volar tilt measured 7.11 degrees. On discharge, 36 patients had wrist range-of-motion data consistent with a functional wrist. Four patients had limitations in the flexion/extension plane, 8 with radial-ulnar deviation, and 7 had limitations in both planes.

Conclusions
Distal radius fractures in the elderly may successfully be treated with a volar bearing plate. Useful strategies include supraperiosteal dissection of the radius from the pronator quadratus, use of a longer plate for stronger proximal fixation in osteoporotic bone, and regional block. This methodology allows for a safe procedure facilitating the early return of hand and wrist function.
Preoperative Hypoglycemia Increases Infection Risk After Trigger Finger Injection and Release
Authors: Buchanan Patrick J. , Law Tsun , Rosas Sam , Hubbard Zachary , Mast Bruce A. , Chim Harvey 
Published: October 2018

Background
Diabetes mellitus is a well-known risk factor for infection after trigger finger (TF) injection and/or release. However, the effect of preoperative hypoglycemia before TF injection or release is currently unknown. The purpose of this study is to determine the effects of preoperative hypoglycemia on infection incidence after TF injection or release.

Methodology
A retrospective cohort review between 2007 and 2015 was conducted using a national private payer database within the PearlDiver Supercomputer. Preoperative, fasting, glucose levels were collected for each patient, and these ranged from 20 to 219 mg/dL. Surgical site infection (SSI) rates were determined using International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision codes.

Results
The query of the PearlDiver database returned 153,479 TF injections, of which 3479 (2.27%) and 6276 (4.09%) had infections within 90 days and 1 year after procedure, respectively. There were 70,290 TF releases identified, with 1887 (2.68%) SSIs captured within 3 months after surgery and 3144 (4.47%) within 1 year after surgery. There was a statistically significant increase in SSI rates in patients with hypoglycemia within 90-day (P = 0.006) and 1-year (P < 0.001) time intervals post-TF injection. Likewise, a statistically significant increase in SSI rate in patients with hypoglycemia undergoing TF release within 1 year after release was seen (P = 0.003).

Conclusions
Hypoglycemia before TF injection or release increases the risk for SSI. Tight glycemic control may be warranted to mitigate this risk. Further studies are needed to investigate the effect of hypoglycemia as an independent risk factor for SSI.
Transvaginal Retropubic Urethropexy Versus Pubovaginal Sling for Treatment of Postrepair Urinary Incontinence
Authors: Okunola Temitope Omoladun , Yakubu Emmanuel , Daniyan Babafemi , Ekwedigwe Kenneth , Eliboh Monday , Sunday-Adeoye Ileogben 
Published: October 2018

Objectives
The aim of this study was to compare the success rates of transvaginal retropubic urethropexy with fascia lata pubovaginal sling (PV sling) for treatment of postrepair urinary incontinence at a fistula center in Nigeria.

Methods
This was a retrospective review of 60 patients who had transvaginal retropubic urethropexy and 46 patients who had PV sling on account of postrepair incontinence at National Obstetric Fistula Centre, Abakaliki, Nigeria, between January 2014 and December 2016. Data were retrieved from the hospital records. Success was defined as negative urinary stress test at 3 months after repair. Data were analyzed with SPSS version 20, and P value <0.05 was taken as statistically significant. χ2 was used to determine the association between the procedures and success rate.

Results
The success rate of transvaginal retropubic urethropexy versus PV sling was 53.3% versus 82.6% (χ2 = 9.95, P = 0.02). Complications occurred in 13.2%.

Conclusions
In conclusion, the efficacy of the fascia lata PV sling was more than that of transvaginal retropubic urethropexy for postrepair urinary incontinence. Urodynamic assessments need to be incorporated into management of these women for better patient's selection for each procedure.
Indwelling Versus Immediate Removal of Transurethral Catheter After Robotic Sacrocolpopexy: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Vallabh-Patel Vaneesha , Popiel Patrick , Salamon Charbel 
Published: October 2018

Introduction and Hypothesis
This study evaluates the necessity and effect of an indwelling transurethral catheter in the early postoperative period following a robotic-assisted laparoscopic sacrocolpopexy.

Methods
This was a randomized clinical trial of patients who underwent a robotic sacrocolpopexy for pelvic organ prolapse. Patients were randomized to have their transurethral catheter removed 6 hours postoperative (intervention group) or the morning following surgery (control group). Our primary outcome was to compare the number of patients diagnosed with postoperative incomplete bladder empyting in each group. A sample size of 36 patients per group was needed to detect a 25% difference between the 2 groups. Anticipating a 20% patient withdrawal rate, we estimated that we would need a total of 88 participants. Outcome variable was analyzed using χ2 test, Fisher exact test, Mann-Whitney U test, 2-proportions test, and 2-sample t test.

Results
From December 2015 through May 2017, 88 women were randomized and analyzed: 44 in the intervention group and 44 in the control group. Women in the intervention group were more likely to be diagnosed with incomplete bladder emptying, 14 (31%) of 44, compared with the control group, 2 (4.5%) of 44, P <0.001. Rate of urinary tract infections within the 30-day postoperative period was also increased in the intervention group, 4 (9%) of 44, compared with 0 in the control group. Postoperative complications were similar between groups.

Conclusions
In women undergoing a robotic sacrocolpopexy, early transurethral catheter removal (6 hours postoperative) is associated with an increased rate of incomplete bladder emptying, recatheterization, and urinary tract infections.
Cullin3-RING ubiquitin ligases are intimately linked to the unfolded protein response of the endoplasmic reticulum
Authors: Kim Kyungho , Moretti Tamara , Park Sujin , Kim Jinoh 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACTCUL3-RING ubiquitin ligases (CRL3s) are involved in various cellular processes through different Bric a brac, Tramtrack and Broad-Complex (BTB)-domain proteins. KLHL12, a BTB-domain protein, appears to play an essential role in export of large cargo molecules like procollagen from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). It has been suggested that CRL3KLHL12 mono-ubiquitinates SEC31 and mono-ubiquitinated SEC31 increases the dimension of a COPII coat to accommodate the large cargo molecules. As we examined this model, we found that functional CRL3KLHL12 was indeed critical for the assembly of large COPII structures. Interestingly, we noticed that CRL3KLHL12 influences collagen synthesis in human skin fibroblasts (HSFs). Our results also suggest that there is a CRL3KLHL12–independent collagen secretion route in HSFs. In addition, we found that CRL3KLHL12 strongly influences levels of sensors of the unfolded protein response (UPR). Different cell lines reacted differently to CUL3 depletion with respect to UPR regulation. This cell line-dependency appears to rely on a cell line-specific BTB-domain protein(s). Consistent with this idea, depletion of a muscle-specific BTB-domain protein KLHL41 recapitulated the effects of CUL3 depletion in C2C12 myotubes in UPR regulation. Based on these results we propose that CRL3KLHL12 and CRL3KLHL41 are regulators of the UPR.
Automatic whale counting in satellite images with deep learning
Authors: Guirado Emilio , Tabik Siham , Rivas Marga L. , Alcaraz-Segura Domingo , Herrera Francisco 
Published: October 2018

AbstractDespite their interest and threat status, the number of whales in world’s oceans remains highly uncertain. Whales detection is normally carried out from costly sighting surveys, acoustic surveys or through high-resolution orthoimages. Since deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) achieve great performance in object-recognition in images, here we propose a robust and generalizable CNN-based system for automatically detecting and counting whales from space based on open data and tools. A test of the system on Google Earth images in ten global whale-watching hotspots achieved a performance (F1-measure) of 84% in detecting and 97% in counting 80 whales. Applying this cost-effective method worldwide could facilitate the assessment of whale populations to guide conservation actions. Free and global access to high-resolution imagery for conservation purposes would boost this process.
Dietary lysozyme supplement alters serum biochemical makers and milk metabolite profile of sows via gut microbiota
Authors: Zhou Jian , Xiong Xia , Zou Lijun , Yin Jia , Wang Kexing , Shao Yirui , Yin Yulong 
Published: October 2018

AbstractLysozyme is an important antimicrobial agent with promising future in replacing antibiotics in livestok production. The aim of current study was to determine variations in sow’s gut microbiota, serum immunity and breast milk metabolite profile mediated by lysozyme supplementation.Thirty-six pregnant sows were assigned to a control group without supplementation and two treatments with 0.5 g/kg and 1.0 g/kg lysozyme provided in formula feed for 21days. Microbiota analysis based on 16s RNA high-throughput sequencing and untargeted liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry were applied and combined in analysis. Serum biochemical indicators and immunoglobulins were also determined. Sows received 1.0kg/t lyszoyme treatment shown significant redution in microbial diversity. Spirochaetes, Euryarchaeota and Actinobacteria significantly increased while Firmicutes showed a remarkable reduction in 1.0kg/t treated group compared with control. Pyrimidine metabolism,Purine metabolism and Amino acid related enzymes were significantly upregulated in 1.0kg/t lysozyme treated group. The richness of gram-positive bacteria were significantly down-regulated by lysozyme treatments. Serum aspartate transaminase (AST) activity was significantly un-regulated. Serum IgM levels were significantly higher in the 1.0 kg/t group compared with control, while IgA levels was significantly lower in 1.0kg/t group. Over thirty metabolites from sow’s breast milk including L-Glutamine,creatine and L-Arginine were sigficantly altered by lysozyme treatment. There existed crucial correlations among gut microbiota, serum immunity and breast milk metabolites where lactobacillus and prevotella may play a key role in lysozyme mediated host-microbial interactions. Overall, lysozyme supplementation could effectively improve the composition, metabolic functions and phenotypes of sow’s gut microbiota and it also benefit sows with better immune status and breast milk composition.ImportanceEnteric infections caused by pathogens have a significant negative effect on neonatal survival and animal health in swine production. The application of antibiotics in feeds at subtherapeutic levels could improve performance and overall health and is used extensively throughout the industry. However, abuse of antibiotics is contributing to the high level of drug resistance in microbial communities and rising concerns regarding human health. Here, we revealed that lysozyme supplementation could effectively improve the composition, metabolic functions and phenotypes of sow’s gut microbiota and it also benefit sows with better immune status and breast milk composition. These findings confirmed that lysozyme could be a suitable alternative to antibiotics in swine production.
Discriminative bit selection hashing in RGB-D based object recognition for robot vision
Authors: Feng Lin , Liu Yang , Li Zan , Zhang Meng , Wang Feilong , Liu Shenglan 
Published: October 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to promote the efficiency of RGB-depth (RGB-D)-based object recognition in robot vision and find discriminative binary representations for RGB-D based objects.

Design/methodology/approach
To promote the efficiency of RGB-D-based object recognition in robot vision, this paper applies hashing methods to RGB-D-based object recognition by utilizing the approximate nearest neighbors (ANN) to vote for the final result. To improve the object recognition accuracy in robot vision, an “Encoding+Selection” binary representation generation pattern is proposed. “Encoding+Selection” pattern can generate more discriminative binary representations for RGB-D-based objects. Moreover, label information is utilized to enhance the discrimination of each bit, which guarantees that the most discriminative bits can be selected.

Findings
The experiment results validate that the ANN-based voting recognition method is more efficient and effective compared to traditional recognition method in RGB-D-based object recognition for robot vision. Moreover, the effectiveness of the proposed bit selection method is also validated to be effective.

Originality/value
Hashing learning is applied to RGB-D-based object recognition, which significantly promotes the recognition efficiency for robot vision while maintaining high recognition accuracy. Besides, the “Encoding+Selection” pattern is utilized in the process of binary encoding, which effectively enhances the discrimination of binary representations for objects.
Holacracy – the future of organizing? The case of Zappos
Authors: Kumar S. Vijay , Mukherjee Subhasree 
Published: October 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explore how and when holacracy works for organizations.

Design/methodology/approach
The paper illustrates the idea by drawing insights from the case of Zappos and Gidley’s framework of future organizations.

Findings
The paper provides a balanced view on holacracy and how it can be beneficial for organizations. The potential of holarchical structures will be fruitful only if the structure-culture fit is achieved. The paper also highlights the lessons learned from previous implementations of holacracy and concludes with possible solutions for organizations.

Practical implications
The structure-culture fit is still a pertinent question especially when organizations are growing in size. Organizations need to address the intergenerational differences and core tenets of organizational culture while adopting flat structures to promote flexibility and individualization. New ideas and ways of organizing are therefore best treated as experiments guided by strategic vision and a defined direction.

Originality/value
The paper extends the existing knowledge on holacracy by applying Gidley’s framework and providing practical insights for practitioners in implementing holacracy.
Qualitative validation of a financially affordable Islamic home financing model
Authors: Md Zabri Mohd Zaidi , Mohammed Mustafa Omar 
Published: October 2018

PurposeThis study aims to validate a potential synergistic venture between cashwaqf(Islamic endowment) institutions (CWIs) and financial cooperatives (FCs) in the provision of affordable Islamic home financing (IHF) in Malaysia.Design/methodology/approachThe study adopted semi-structured interviews with ten experts to validate the cashwaqf-financial-cooperative-mushārakah mutanāqiṣah(CWFCMM) model. Thematic analysis technique was used to analyse the verbatim texts.FindingsThe findings show that the majority of the informants have positive perceptions of the potential of the CWFCMM model to provide financially affordable IHF products in Malaysia. Nevertheless, this study sheds light on the varying degrees of latent issues and challenges that might arise in the implementation of this model. For example, FCs need to practice the correct business model, implement good governance structures and employ the right people. Meanwhile, CWIs need to work on their accountability issues by publishing their audited accounts in mainstream newspapers, much like what is being done by non-governmental organisations such as the widely recognised Malaysian Medical Relief Society (MERCY Malaysia).Research limitations/implicationsThis study interviewed a small, industry-specific number of informants in generating its findings. Time and budget constraints are some of the limiting factors in carrying out the study. Because of these factors, the generalisation of the study’s findings will be limited.Practical implicationsFirst, the CWFCMM model offers an alternative, financially affordable IHF instrument to low- and middle-income households in Malaysia. Second, the involvement of third-sector institutions such as FCs and CWIs in the provision of IHF will reduce the burden of the government in its spending on home financing solutions for civil servants. Third, this model will harness the potential ofwaqf-based financing beyond the contemporary limited applications to mosques, graveyards andtaḥfīẓ(Qurʾan memorization) schools.Originality/valueThis study presents an alternative IHF model that transcends the current institutional framework that is heavily dominated by Islamic commercial banks and government-owned home financing institutions. The study does not focus on a single third-sector institution but on an integration of at least two of them, CWIs and FCs, in implementing the IHF model.