bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Distinct Ventral Hippocampus Network Properties in Dissociated Cultures
Authors: Segal Menahem 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTExtensive research has been focused in the past century on structural, physiological, and molecular attributes of the hippocampus. This interest was created by the unique involvement of the hippocampus in cognitive and affective functions of the brain. Functional analysis revealed that the hippocampus has divergent properties along its axial dimension to the extent that the dorsal sector (dorsal hippocampus, DH) has different connections with the rest of the brain than those of the ventral sector (VH). Still, longitudinal pathways connect the DH with the VH and dampen the functional differences between the sectors. To be able to identify the intrinsic functional difference between the DH and VH, we produced dissociated monolayer cultures from prenatal DH and VH and examined their properties at 10–20 days after plating by imaging the spontaneous activity of the network using Fluo‐2 AM, a calcium indicator. Surprisingly, while DH and VH sectors produced dissociated cultures with similar morphological attributes, VH cultures were more active spontaneously than DH cultures. Furthermore, when stimulated to produce action potentials, VH neurons triggered network bursts in postsynaptic neurons more often than DH cultures. Finally, in both DH and VH cultures, electrical stimulation of single cells produced network bursts in response to a burst of action potentials rather than to single spikes. These experiments indicate that even in dissociated cultures, neurons of the VH are more excitable and sensitive to electrical stimulation than DH; hence, they are more likely to generate network bursts and epileptic seizures, as suggested for in vivo brains.
Ethics in the provision of obstetric and gynecologic health care for non‐binary and transgender individuals
Authors: Antsaklis Aris , Capito Lourdes B. , Pandit Suchitra N. ,   the FIGO Committee on Ethical Aspects of Human Reproduction and Women's Health
Published: November 2024

AbstractTransgender and non‐binary individuals often face bias and a lack of awareness, knowledge, and sensitivity from healthcare professionals. This article aims to raise awareness of the concepts of medical ethics among OBGYNs, so they will be better able to approach complex ethical situations in a clear and structured way when providing obstetric and gynecologic health care for transgender and gender‐diverse patients.
Long‐term maternal outcomes 5 years after cesarean section in Sierra Leone: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Logstein Erika , Torp Richard , Ashley Thomas , Kamara Michael M. , Koroma Alimamy P. , Dumbuya Abu Bakarr , Suma Musa S. , Moijue Abdul Rahman , Westendorp Josien , Kujabi Monica L. , Rijken Marcus J. , Wibe Arne , Hagander Lars , Leather Andrew J. M. , Bolkan Håkon A. , van Duinen Alex J. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractCesarean section (CS) is a life‐saving procedure when performed for the right indication but carries substantial risks, specifically during subsequent pregnancies. The aim of this study was to evaluate obstetric outcomes for women 5 years after a CS performed by medical doctors and associate clinicians. This was a prospective multi‐center observational study of women who had a CS at any of nine hospitals in Sierra Leone. Women and their offspring were followed up with three home visits for 5 years after surgery. Outcomes of interest included long‐term complications, mode and place of delivery, and maternal and pediatric outcomes of subsequent pregnancies. Of the 1274 women included in the study, 140 (11.0%) were lost to follow‐up. Within 5 years after the index CS, 27.0% of the women became pregnant and 2.5% had a second pregnancy. Women with perinatal death at the index CS had 5.25 higher odds of becoming pregnant within 1 year. Of the 259 women who delivered, 31 (12.0%) had a planned CS and 228 (88.0%) attempted a trial of labor after CS, resulting in either a successful vaginal birth (n = 138; 60.5%) or an emergency CS (n = 90; 39.5%). Peripartum and long‐term complications did not significantly differ between those that were operated on by medical doctors and associate clinicians. Within 5 years after CS, one in four women became pregnant again and more than half had a vaginal delivery. Significant differences in place and mode of birth between wealth quintiles illustrate inequities.
DAG‐Net: Dual‐Branch Attention‐Guided Network for Multi‐Scale Information Fusion in Lung Nodule Segmentation
Authors: Zhang Bojie , Zhu Hongqing , Wang Ziying , Luo Lan , Yu Yang 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThe development of deep learning has played an increasingly crucial role in assisting medical diagnoses. Lung cancer, as a major disease threatening human health, benefits significantly from the use of auxiliary medical systems to assist in segmenting pulmonary nodules. This approach effectively enhances both the accuracy and speed of diagnosis for physicians, thereby reducing the risk of patient mortality. However, pulmonary nodules are characterized by irregular shapes and a wide range of diameter variations. They often reside amidst blood vessels and various tissue structures, posing significant challenges in designing an automated system for lung nodule segmentation. To address this, we have developed a three‐dimensional dual‐branch attention‐guided network (DAG‐Net) for multi‐scale information fusion, aimed at segmenting lung nodules of various types and sizes. First, a dual‐branch encoding structure is employed to provide the network with prior knowledge about nodule texture information, which aids the network in better identifying different types of lung nodules. Next, we designed a structure to extract global information, which enhances the network's ability to localize lung nodules of different sizes by fusing information from multiple resolutions. Following that, we fused multi‐scale information in a parallel structure and used attention mechanisms to guide the network in suppressing the influence of non‐nodule regions. Finally, we employed an attention‐based structure to guide the network in achieving more accurate segmentation by progressively using high‐level semantic information at each layer. Our proposed network achieved a DSC value of 85.6% on the LUNA16 dataset, outperforming state‐of‐the‐art methods, demonstrating the effectiveness of the network.
FoodMicroDB: A microbiome database for composition and time‐series research in food
Authors: Li Yahui , Lyu Hujie , Yang Haifei , Ju Zhicheng , Ma Chuang , Hou Huiyu , Wang Yao , Zhou Yuanping , Gao Yunyun , Yang Junbo , Xu Shanshan , Bai Defeng , Luo Hao , Yousuf Salsabeel , Zhang Tianyuan , Xun Jiani , Zeng Meiyin , Qi Heyuan , Chen Tong , Liu Yong‐Xin 
Published: November 2024

AbstractMicroorganisms are crucial for food fermentation, preservation, and safety, directly impacting human health. The number of studies on the food microbiome has surged recently, along with a substantial increase in data. However, there is a notable lack of databases specialized for this field. To address this gap, we developed Food Microbiome Database (FoodMicroDB), a platform aimed at enhancing the reusability and accessibility of food microbiome data through comprehensive data management and data visualization tools. FoodMicroDB aggregates 6358 amplicon data from 108 meta‐taxonomic projects covering 62 foods, and harbors 4710 taxa of bacteria, archaea, and fungi. The collected data were consistently analyzed and curated, then visualized using versatile utilities, including unique tools for visualizing microbial composition and time‐series microbiome data. It also includes advanced modules for microbial abundance analysis, cross‐host abundance comparison, and cross‐food analysis. FoodMicroDB will be a valuable resource platform for the food microbiome research field. The database is freely accessible at: https://www.bic.ac.cn/FoodMicro/.
Community crime and safety: An investigation of gender differences in the daily stress process
Authors: Robinette Jennifer W. , Piazza Jennifer R. , Stawski Robert S. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractFew studies have investigated the associations between community crime rates and affective well‐being, and how that relationship may differ according to gender. Using data from the National Study of Daily Experiences and the Uniform Crime Reporting Program, the current study examined gender differences between daily affective experiences, crime rates, and perceptions of neighborhood safety. Although feeling unsafe in one's neighborhood was related to worse affective well‐being (i.e., higher negative affect/lower positive affect) and larger affective responses to daily stressors, crime rates were not. Women's negative affect was more strongly tied to daily stressors, whereas men's was more strongly tied to lower perceived neighborhood safety. Findings reveal the importance of understanding factors, such as gender, that impact safety concerns beyond that from crime. They also suggest that increasing visibility within communities might dissuade perpetrators and enhance residents' feelings of safety.
BK Polyomavirus Infection of Bladder Microvascular Endothelial Cells Leads to the Activation of the cGAS‐STING Pathway
Authors: Bruštíková Kateřina , Ryabchenko Boris , Liebl David , Horníková Lenka , Forstová Jitka , Huérfano Sandra 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBK polyomavirus (BKPyV) infection in humans is usually asymptomatic but ultimately results in viral persistence. In immunocompromised hosts, virus reactivation can lead to nephropathy or hemorrhagic cystitis. The urinary tract serves as a silent reservoir for the virus. Recently, it has been demonstrated that human bladder microvascular endothelial cells (HBMVECs) serve as viral reservoirs, given their unique response to infection, which involves interferon (IFN) production. The aim of the present study was to better understand the life cycle of BKPyV in HBMVECs, uncover the molecular pathway leading to IFN production, and to identify the connection between the viral life cycle and the activation of the IFN response. Here, in the early stage of infection, BKPyV virions were found in internalized monopinocytic vesicles, while later they were detected in late endosomes, lysosomes, tubuloreticular structures, and vacuole‐like vesicles. The production of viral progeny in these cells started at 36 h postinfection. Increased cell membrane permeability and peaks of virion release coincided with the leakage of viral and cellular DNA into the cytosol at approximately 60 h postinfection. Leaked DNA colocalized with and activated cGAS, leading to the activation of STING and the consequent transcription of IFNB and IFN‐related genes; in contrast, the IFN response was attenuated by exposure to the cGAS inhibitor, G140. These findings highlight the importance of the cGAS‐STING pathway in the innate immune response of HBMVECs to BKPyV.
Fourth‐Generation HIV Rapid Tests: Enhanced Sensitivity and Reduced Diagnostic Window for HIV‐1 Primary Infection Screening
Authors: Guiraud Vincent , Naizet Angèle , Khan Habiba , Benhafoun Ghizlane , Hernandez Pierre , Piccin Luigi , Pichon Agnès , Leng Ay Ling , Yousfi Léna , Gautheret‐Dejean Agnès 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTAs most HIV rapid tests (HRT) detect only HIV‐1/2 antibodies, their performance during primary HIV infection is poor. Determine HIV Early detect (Abbott) (Determine) is the only HRT with an HIV‐1 p24‐antigen detection, but the impact of this addition in shortening the diagnostic window remains unclear. A total of 183 HIV‐1 primary infection samples were tested using the HRTs Determine and ONE STEP anti‐HIV (1&2) Test (InTec Products) (One‐Step). The pre‐seroconversion subgroup was defined as p24‐antigen positivity without Western blot nor Liaison XL (fouth generation enzyme immunoassay with distinct signal for p24‐antigen and HIV‐1 antibody) HIV‐1 antibodies. Global sensitivity (95% CI) was 95% (91–97) for Determine versus 80% (74%–85%) for One‐Step (difference p = 1.38e−06). Pre‐seroconversion subgroup sensitivity was lower, at 71.9 (54.6%‐84.4%) for Determine and 9.7% (3.3%–24.9%) for One‐Step. Among the 45 samples with an HIV‐1 infection date, no HRT was reactive up to 2 weeks. Between 2 and 3 weeks, Determine sensitivity was 78% (45%–95%) versus 56% (27%–81%) for One‐Step. From 3 weeks to 1 month Determine sensitivity was 90% (62%–98%) and One‐Step 45% (21%–72%). The last negative sample occurred at 3 weeks for Determine versus 70–90 days for One‐Step. HRT with p24‐antigen detection significantly shortens the diagnostic window from approximatively 3 months to 1 month. HRTs should be used with caution in the first month after HIV infection.
Personalized management of hepatic glycogen storage disorders: The role of continuous glucose monitoring
Authors: Gupta Ambika , Agarwala Anuja , Kalaivani Mani , Malik Rohan , Sharma Rajni , Kabra Madhulika , Gupta Neerja 
Published: November 2024

AbstractObjectiveGlycogen storage disorders (GSD), inherent disorders of carbohydrate metabolism, feature hypoglycemia as a hallmark. Normoglycemia and glucose monitoring are pivotal in disease management. Conventional glucometer‐based monitoring may overlook hypoglycemic trends. This study assesses glycemic control in Asian Indian GSD children using continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) and its role in facilitating dietary adjustments.MethodsA pre–post study enrolled molecularly confirmed GSDI, GSDIII, GSDVI, and GSDIX patients for baseline dietary compliance and CGM‐based glycemic status evaluation. Hypoglycemic patients were stratified into diet‐compliant and diet‐noncompliant groups. Noncompliant patients received dietary reinforcement; compliant individuals underwent dietary adjustments. Repeat CGM (rCGM) was performed 6 weeks to 6 months postadjustments. Clinical and metabolic parameters were re‐evaluated at 6 months.ResultsOf the 20 patients assessed at baseline, 11 were diet compliant. Six among these exhibited hypoglycemia, prompting diet adjustments. Among nine noncompliant patients, eight experienced hypoglycemia and received diet reinforcement. rCGM in 10 patients (five GSDI, three GSDIII, and two GSDIXc) showed a significant reduction in hypoglycemia duration in all. An improvement in height and body mass index was observed in all GSDI and GSDIII patients. Triglyceride levels, raised at baseline in two GSDI and one GSDIII, showed a substantial decline in one GSDI patient. Hepatic transaminase levels decreased in both GSDIXc patients. Plasma lactate levels decreased in all GSDI patients.ConclusionCGM is an efficacious adjunct in the personalized management of hepatic GSD patients, in the Asian Indian population. The study also underscores the need for long‐term follow‐up to determine the role of glycemic management in growth, general well‐being, and metabolic control in the GSD subtypes.
Supercritical Fluid Chromatography in Bioanalysis–A Review
Authors: Toribio Laura , Martín María Teresa , Bernal José 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTIn the last decade, the instrumentation improvements in supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) and the hyphenation to mass spectrometry (MS), have increased the SFC acceptance between scientists, becoming today a valuable tool in analytical chemistry. The unique selectivity, short analysis times, low consumption of organic solvents, and the greener mobile phase, have contributed to expanding its applicability which has led to an increase in the number of publications especially in the bioanalysis area. This work reviews the advantages and main applications of SFC in bioanalysis during the last 5 years. Fundamental aspects concerning mobile phase composition, stationary phase, hyphenation to MS as well as matrix effect have been discussed. Finally, the most relevant applications have been summarized.
Unpalatable solutions: Consumer resistance towards Insect‐Based foods is moderated by uncertainty avoidance
Authors: Velasco Vizcaíno Franklin , Pohlmann Attila 
Published: November 2024

AbstractTraditional livestock meat poses sustainability challenges, while insect proteins offer a low‐impact alternative. Cultural barriers, such as uncertainty avoidance, hinder widespread acceptance of insect‐based foods, despite a growing market. Research on consumer attitudes and purchase intentions towards insect‐based foods yields mixed results, prompting a meta‐analysis to explore cultural influences and contextual factors. This meta‐analysis investigates consumers’ willingness to try insect‐based food products. Analysis of 24 publications (97 studies, with 13,609 observations; participant Mage = 34.6), supports the notion that consumers around the world are not readily willing to adopt insect‐based food products. Moderating this effect, at the country level, high uncertainty avoidance negatively affects consumers’ intentions to try insect‐based products. Two follow‐up studies replicate the findings of the meta‐analysis, incorporating an individual‐level assessment of the moderating effect of uncertainty avoidance, and testing the mediating effect of food neophobia on consumers’ (un)willingness to adopt insect‐based food products. A third study provides evidence as how to buffer the negative reactions of consumers towards insect‐based foods: after sensory evaluation of a cricket‐flour nacho in a laboratory setting, participants were more willing to try it and generally evaluated the product and the experience more favorably, compared to their previously stated expectations. Theoretical contributions and practical implications for marketing strategy and communication, to overcome the negative perceptions related to insect‐based food, along with limitations and future research directions, are discussed.
Cerebellar Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation in the Cerebellar Cognitive Affective Syndrome: A Randomized, Double‐Blind, Sham‐Controlled Trial
Authors: Reumers Stacha F.I. , Maas Roderick P.P.W.M. , Schutter Dennis J.L.G. , Teerenstra Steven , Kessels Roy P.C. , de Leeuw Frank‐Erik , van de Warrenburg Bart P.C. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe cerebellar cognitive affective syndrome (CCAS) encompasses cognitive and affective symptoms in patients with cerebellar disorders, for which no proven treatment is available.ObjectivesOur primary objective was to study the effect of cerebellar anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on cognitive performance in CCAS patients. Secondary effects on ataxia severity, mood, and quality of life were explored.MethodsWe performed a randomized, double‐blind, sham‐controlled trial. Thirty‐five patients with CCAS were included and received 10 sessions of 20 minutes sham (n = 17) or real (n = 18) tDCS, with a current of 2 mA. Cognitive performance was assessed using executive function subtests of the computerized Test of Attentional Performance (TAP), with the composite as primary endpoint. Secondary outcomes were ataxia severity, mood, and quality of life. Outcomes were evaluated 1, 3, 6, and 12 months post‐intervention.ResultsCerebellar tDCS was well tolerated and no serious adverse events related to the intervention occurred. No significant tDCS effect was found on cognitive performance. Improvement on the TAP was observed in the sham group 1 month post‐treatment (estimate = −0.248, 95% CI, −0.49 to −0.01), but not clinically relevant. A positive tDCS effect was observed for ataxia severity 1 month post‐treatment (estimate = −0.985, 95% CI, −1.94 to −0.03).ConclusionsTen sessions of 20 minutes cerebellar anodal tDCS did not prove efficacious for CCAS‐related cognitive impairment, but a significant positive effect of tDCS was found for ataxia severity, aligning with previous findings indicative of tDCS as a therapeutic neuromodulation tool in cerebellar disorders. © 2024 The Author(s). Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Effect of Psychological Resilience on Posttraumatic Growth Among Midwives: The Mediating Roles of Perceived Stress and Positive Coping Strategies
Authors: Zheng Yu , Wang Xin , Deng Yuan , Wang Jia 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTAimTo explore the relationship between midwives' psychological resilience and posttraumatic growth, and the mediating role of perceived stress and positive coping strategies.DesignA multicentre cross‐sectional survey was used.Review MethodsData were conducted among 339 midwives from 24 Grade III A hospitals in Sichuan Province from April to July 2023, using the Chinese version of the Connor Davidson Resilience Scale, Chinese version Perceived Stress Scale, Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire, Chinese‐Posttraumatic Growth Inventory and General Demographic Data Questionnaire. A descriptive statistical approach, Pearson's correlation analysis and the Mplus 8.3 were used to analyse the available data.ResultsThere was a significant correlation between psychological resilience, perceived stress, positive coping strategies and PTG. Psychological resilience could have a direct positive impact on PTG of midwives, but it could also indirectly affect PTG of midwives through three pathways: the mediating effect of perceived stress, the mediating effect of positive coping strategies and the chain mediating effect of perceived stress and positive coping strategies.ConclusionResults suggest that nursing managers should help to improve the psychological resilience of midwives and to reduce individual stress perception, enhance coping abilities and achieve positive growth.ImpactPrior to data collection, we obtained approval from the nursing department of each hospital. Midwives who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria gave informed consent and invited to participate in this study.Reporting MethodThis study was guided by STROBE.Patient or Public ContributionDuring the data collection phase, 349 midwives took the time to carefully answer the questionnaire items related to this study.
Discrete and Parallel Frequency‐Bin Entanglement Generation from Quantum Frequency Comb
Authors: Lu Chi , Wu Xiaoyu , Wen Wenjun , Ma Xiao‐song 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPhotons’ frequency degree of freedom is promising to realize large‐scale quantum information processing. Quantum frequency combs (QFCs) generated in integrated nonlinear microresonators can produce multiple frequency modes with narrow linewidth. Here, polarization‐entangled QFCs are utilized to generate discrete frequency‐bin entangled states. Fourteen pairs of polarization‐entangled photons with different frequencies are simultaneously transformed into frequency‐bin entangled states. The characteristic of frequency‐bin entanglement is demonstrated by Hong‐Ou‐Mandel interference, which can be performed with single or multiple frequency pairs in parallel. This work paves the way for harnessing large‐scale frequency‐bin entanglement and converting between different degrees of freedom in quantum information processing.