bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
There is no Target Oriented Speaking Activity without Motivation: Peculiarities of Children’s Monologues Expressions
Authors: Kalmykova Larysa , Volzhentseva Iryna , Kharchenko Nataliia , Мysаn Іnna 
Published: April 2019

The aim of the article is in the description a) of finding out motivation peculiarities in extended monologue expressions and speech motives of the children of five and six years olds in ontogenesis; b) established connection between development state of speech motives and development state of lexical and grammatical expressions structuring that are out speaking and have great explanation strength while interpreting mastering and owing processes of the native language and oral speech. The used scientific methods are: а) theoretical (analyses of scientific resources, generalization of analyzed literature and its systematization, pointing out of some basic terms, which make the ground of the research, conclusion formulation); b) empirical (playing situations, motivating and speech screening, linguistic content-analyses of children’s judgments, stated, formatting and controlling experiments and survey of children; v) statistics methods. Study of children’s monologue expressions was done in terms of speech operations. The results of children’s speech observation uncover peculiarities and development levels of Ukrainian speaking children speech motives of five and six years, peculiarities of children’s speech motivation typical for every of pointed out levels which witnesses that every child who is developing due to the established criteria has individual and irregular development of motivating and speech operations and actions; highlight the dynamic, vectors and mechanisms of speech motivation development; demonstrate typical strategies of gaining by children meaning formulating motive concepts; gradual development of motive targets, with which appearance we see changing of motive and aim, and speech children’s activities epigenetically gain the status of self-estimated and sustainable and goal oriented speech activity; underline operation specific of grammatical structuring of the phrases and extended monologue expressions and selecting words operations according to the forms acted by children; confirm correlated analyses interconnections among motivating and lexically grammatical operations.
Discourse “Radiotelephony of Civil Aviation”: psycholinguistic aspect
Authors: Bogush Alla , Kovtun Olena 
Published: April 2019

The article focuses on psycholinguistic aspects of the discourse “Radiotelephony of civil aviation” (RTF). The relevance of the research is related to the key role that this discourse plays in ensuring flight safety. Psycholinguistic analysis of radiotelephony allowed us to prove its discursive nature based on procedural, interactive, and real-time attributes. The RTF discourse is defined as a closed, narrow-professional, institutional and dynamic type. This discourse is intentional and focused on safe operation of flight; conventional, limited by a set of stereotyped phrases enshrined in regulatory documents and obligatory for radiotelephony participants’ use, by strict regulation of radiotelephony procedures at all stages of flight. We determined that RTF discourse users as representatives of a certain professional space could realize themselves in a limited set of communicative roles. Communicative process “pilot – air traffic controller” is based on the “circular model”, since one-way communication in this type of discourse is not provided for. The “status-role” relations of RTF participants are primarily realized by means of the binary opposition “the initiator of the message” – “the executor / non-executor of the requested action”. Main speech functions realized in RTF discourse are informative and regulatory.
RTF discourse is a “language code”, since information transmitted in it is understandable only to the actors of aviation community. Non-compliance with norms of this language code use, as well as a number of psycho-linguistic, psycho-physiological, and extra-linguistic factors lead to disruption of information coding / decoding processes, cause communicative failures, become concomitant factors of aviation accidents.
Analysis of psycholinguistic features of RTF discourse, nature and causes of RTF communication failures, and psycho-physiological features of pilot in-flight activity (information overloading, high tempo of work due to time limits, work in stressful conditions) allowed us to determine types of exercises facilitating the process of future pilots training to cope with real difficulties of professional communication in RTF discourse.
Gender- and Role-Specific Differences in the Perception of the Concept “Impishness” (based on the results of a psycholinguistic experiment)
Authors: Gordiienko-Mytrofanova Iia , Kobzieva Iuliia 
Published: April 2019

The present paper continues a series of articles devoted to ludic competence and the description of its components with the help of psycholinguistic tools and methods. The present article explores another component of ludic competence, i.e. impishness, and the corresponding cultural concept “impishness”.
An attempt has been made to single out gender- and role-specific differences in the perception of the verbalized concept “impishness” in the linguistic world-image of the Russian-speaking population of Eastern Ukraine. Psycholinguistic experiment was the main method of research. The sample comprised 400 older adults (aged 30 – 60), male and female respondents being equally represented.
Having analyzed the data from the free association experiment with the stimulus “impishness”, it was revealed that everyday consciousness of common representatives of the Ukrainian linguistic culture reflects all the conceptual meanings that are related to impishness in the intercultural domain.
The core of the verbalized concept impishness is represented by four semantic clusters (more than 10%): “horseplay”, “play”, “children”, “flirting”.
The semantic scope of the concept depends on the gender of the respondents. Thus, for female respondents, the main constituent elements of the concept impishness are children (subject of pranks), as well as foolery and frolicking as manifestations of playful behavior that finds expression in frolic pranks, practical jokes, funny tricks, etc. Male respondents, on the other hand, tend to associate impishness primarily with woman, as well as with immorality, flippant behavior, and various forms of daring, provocative, and imprudent behavior.
Therefore, the ambivalent character of the concept “impishness” reveals itself in certain gender- and role-specific differences in its perception. It reveals itself most vividly in behavioral associates and associates that describe various forms of pranks.
On the whole, the stimulus “impishness” is generally evaluated as something both positive and negative by all the respondents.11.25% of the respondents display negative attitude to the stimulus “impishness”.
Produção de HQ’s como instrumento de avaliação de uma intervenção didática para ensino de reações químicas.
Authors: Zanelato do Amaral Luana Carla , Locatelli Aline 
Published: April 2019

<span>Este trabalho avalia uma intervenção didática, na forma de uma Unidade de Ensino Potencialmente Significativa – UEPS, do conteúdo de reações químicas inorgânicas com enfoque em Ciência, Tecnologia e Sociedade (CTS). A UEPS foi aplicada em uma turma da primeira série do Ensino Médio, de uma escola estadual da cidade de Passo Fundo-RS, com 22 alunos. O instrumento avaliativo da aprendizagem dos estudantes ocorreu por meio da produção de sete histórias em quadrinhos (HQs), em grupos de três alunos, as quais foram avaliadas na perspectiva da análise de discurso francesa. De acordo com os resultados apresentados, verificou-se indícios de aprendizagem significativa do conteúdo em três HQs e em relação a apropriação CTS duas delas trouxeram no discurso uma problemática social. </span>
Characterizing tumor invasiveness of glioblastoma using multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Li Chao , Wang Shuo , Yan Jiun-Lin , Torheim Turid , Boonzaier Natalie R. , Sinha Rohitashwa , Matys Tomasz , Markowetz Florian , Price Stephen J. 
Published: April 2019

OBJECTIVEThe objective of this study was to characterize the abnormalities revealed by diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) using MR spectroscopy (MRS) and perfusion imaging, and to evaluate the prognostic value of a proposed quantitative measure of tumor invasiveness by combining contrast-enhancing (CE) and DTI abnormalities in patients with glioblastoma.METHODSEighty-four patients with glioblastoma were recruited preoperatively. DTI was decomposed into isotropic (p) and anisotropic (q) components. The relative cerebral blood volume (rCBV) was calculated from the dynamic susceptibility contrast imaging. Values of N-acetylaspartate, myoinositol, choline (Cho), lactate (Lac), and glutamate + glutamine (Glx) were measured from multivoxel MRS and normalized as ratios to creatine (Cr). Tumor regions of interest (ROIs) were manually segmented from the CE T1-weighted (CE-ROI) and DTI-q (q-ROI) maps. Perfusion and metabolic characteristics of these ROIs were measured and compared. The relative invasiveness coefficient (RIC) was calculated as a ratio of the characteristic radii of CE-ROI and q-ROI. The prognostic significance of RIC was tested using Kaplan-Meier and multivariate Cox regression analyses.RESULTSThe Cho/Cr, Lac/Cr, and Glx/Cr in q-ROI were significantly higher than CE-ROI (p = 0.004, p = 0.005, and p = 0.007, respectively). CE-ROI had significantly higher rCBV values than q-ROI (p < 0.001). A higher RIC was associated with worse survival in a multivariate overall survival (OS) model (hazard ratio [HR] 1.40, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.06–1.85, p = 0.016) and progression-free survival (PFS) model (HR 1.55, 95% CI 1.16–2.07, p = 0.003). An RIC cutoff value of 0.89 significantly predicted shorter OS (median 384 vs 605 days, p = 0.002) and PFS (median 244 vs 406 days, p = 0.001).CONCLUSIONSDTI-q abnormalities displayed higher tumor load and hypoxic signatures compared with CE abnormalities, whereas CE regions potentially represented the tumor proliferation edge. Integrating the extents of invasion visualized by DTI-q and CE images into clinical practice may lead to improved treatment efficacy.
Context-dependent relationship in high-resolution micro-ECoG studies during finger movements
Authors: Kuo Chao-Hung , Blakely Timothy M. , Wander Jeremiah D. , Sarma Devapratim , Wu Jing , Casimo Kaitlyn , Weaver Kurt E. , Ojemann Jeffrey G. 
Published: April 2019

OBJECTIVEThe activation of the sensorimotor cortex as measured by electrocorticographic (ECoG) signals has been correlated with contralateral hand movements in humans, as precisely as the level of individual digits. However, the relationship between individual and multiple synergistic finger movements and the neural signal as detected by ECoG has not been fully explored. The authors used intraoperative high-resolution micro-ECoG (µECoG) on the sensorimotor cortex to link neural signals to finger movements across several context-specific motor tasks.METHODSThree neurosurgical patients with cortical lesions over eloquent regions participated. During awake craniotomy, a sensorimotor cortex area of hand movement was localized by high-frequency responses measured by an 8 × 8 µECoG grid of 3-mm interelectrode spacing. Patients performed a flexion movement of the thumb or index finger, or a pinch movement of both, based on a visual cue. High-gamma (HG; 70–230 Hz) filtered µECoG was used to identify dominant electrodes associated with thumb and index movement. Hand movements were recorded by a dataglove simultaneously with µECoG recording.RESULTSIn all 3 patients, the electrodes controlling thumb and index finger movements were identifiable approximately 3–6-mm apart by the HG-filtered µECoG signal. For HG power of cortical activation measured with µECoG, the thumb and index signals in the pinch movement were similar to those observed during thumb-only and index-only movement, respectively (all p > 0.05). Index finger movements, measured by the dataglove joint angles, were similar in both the index-only and pinch movements (p > 0.05). However, despite similar activation across the conditions, markedly decreased thumb movement was observed in pinch relative to independent thumb-only movement (all p < 0.05).CONCLUSIONSHG-filtered µECoG signals effectively identify dominant regions associated with thumb and index finger movement. For pinch, the µECoG signal comprises a combination of the signals from individual thumb and index movements. However, while the relationship between the index finger joint angle and HG-filtered signal remains consistent between conditions, there is not a fixed relationship for thumb movement. Although the HG-filtered µECoG signal is similar in both thumb-only and pinch conditions, the actual thumb movement is markedly smaller in the pinch condition than in the thumb-only condition. This implies a nonlinear relationship between the cortical signal and the motor output for some, but importantly not all, movement types. This analysis provides insight into the tuning of the motor cortex toward specific types of motor behaviors.
Intermittent CSF drainage and rapid EVD weaning approach after subarachnoid hemorrhage: association with fewer VP shunts and shorter length of stay
Authors: Rao Shyam S. , Chung David Y. , Wolcott Zoe , Sheriff Faheem , Khawaja Ayaz M. , Lee Hang , Guanci Mary M. , Leslie-Mazwi Thabele M. , Kimberly W. Taylor , Patel Aman B. , Rordorf Guy A. 
Published: April 2019

OBJECTIVEThere is variability and uncertainty about the optimal approach to the management and discontinuation of an external ventricular drain (EVD) after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Evidence from single-center randomized trials suggests that intermittent CSF drainage and rapid EVD weans are safe and associated with shorter ICU length of stay (LOS) and fewer EVD complications. However, a recent survey revealed that most neurocritical care units across the United States employ continuous CSF drainage with a gradual wean strategy. Therefore, the authors sought to determine the optimal EVD management approach at their institution.METHODSThe authors reviewed records of 200 patients admitted to their institution from 2010 to 2016 with aneurysmal SAH requiring an EVD. In 2014, the neurocritical care unit of the authors’ institution revised the internal EVD management guidelines from a continuous CSF drainage with gradual wean approach (continuous/gradual) to an intermittent CSF drainage with rapid EVD wean approach (intermittent/rapid). The authors performed a retrospective multivariable analysis to compare outcomes before and after the guideline change.RESULTSThe authors observed a significant reduction in ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt rates after changing to an intermittent CSF drainage with rapid EVD wean approach (13% intermittent/rapid vs 35% continuous/gradual, OR 0.21, p = 0.001). There was no increase in delayed VP shunt placement at 3 months (9.3% vs 8.6%, univariate p = 0.41). The intermittent/rapid EVD approach was also associated with a shorter mean EVD duration (10.2 vs 15.6 days, p < 0.001), shorter ICU LOS (14.2 vs 16.9 days, p = 0.001), shorter hospital LOS (18.2 vs 23.7 days, p < 0.0001), and lower incidence of a nonfunctioning EVD (15% vs 30%, OR 0.29, p = 0.006). The authors found no significant differences in the rates of symptomatic vasospasm (24.6% vs 20.2%, p = 0.52) or ventriculostomy-associated infections (1.3% vs 8.8%, OR 0.30, p = 0.315) between the 2 groups.CONCLUSIONSAn intermittent CSF drainage with rapid EVD wean approach is associated with fewer VP shunt placements, fewer complications, and shorter LOS compared to a continuous CSF drainage with gradual EVD wean approach. There is a critical need for prospective multicenter studies to determine if the authors’ experience is generalizable to other centers.
Local tumor progression treated with Gamma Knife radiosurgery: differences between patients with 2–4 versus 5–10 brain metastases based on an update of a multi-institutional prospective observational study (JLGK0901)
Authors: Serizawa Toru , Yamamoto Masaaki , Higuchi Yoshinori , Sato Yasunori , Shuto Takashi , Akabane Atsuya , Jokura Hidefumi , Yomo Shoji , Nagano Osamu , Kawagishi Jun , Yamanaka Kazuhiro 
Published: April 2019

OBJECTIVEThe Japanese Leksell Gamma Knife (JLGK)0901 study proved the efficacy of Gamma Knife radiosurgery (GKRS) in patients with 5–10 brain metastases (BMs) as compared to those with 2–4, showing noninferiority in overall survival and other secondary endpoints. However, the difference in local tumor progression between patients with 2–4 and those with 5–10 BMs has not been sufficiently examined for this data set. Thus, the authors reappraised this issue, employing the updated JLGK0901 data set with detailed observation via enhanced MRI. They applied sophisticated statistical methods to analyze the data.METHODSThis was a prospective observational study of 1194 patients harboring 1–10 BMs treated with GKRS alone. Patients were categorized into groups A (single BM, 455 cases), B (2–4 BMs, 531 cases), and C (5–10 BMs, 208 cases). Local tumor progression was defined as a 20% increase in the maximum diameter of the enhanced lesion as compared to its smallest documented maximum diameter on enhanced MRI. The authors compared cumulative incidence differences determined by competing risk analysis and also conducted propensity score matching.RESULTSLocal tumor progression was observed in 212 patients (17.8% overall, groups A/B/C: 93/89/30 patients). Cumulative incidences of local tumor progression in groups A, B, and C were 15.2%, 10.6%, and 8.7% at 1 year after GKRS; 20.1%, 16.9%, and 13.5% at 3 years; and 21.4%, 17.4%, and not available at 5 years, respectively. There were no significant differences in local tumor progression between groups B and C. Local tumor progression was classified as tumor recurrence in 139 patients (groups A/B/C: 68/53/18 patients), radiation necrosis in 67 (24/31/12), and mixed/undetermined lesions in 6 (1/5/0). There were no significant differences in tumor recurrence or radiation necrosis between groups B and C. Multivariate analysis using the Fine-Gray proportional hazards model revealed age < 65 years, neurological symptoms, tumor volume ≥ 1 cm3, and prescription dose < 22 Gy to be significant poor prognostic factors for local tumor progression. In the subset of 558 case-matched patients (186 in each group), there were no significant differences between groups B and C in local tumor progression, nor in tumor recurrence or radiation necrosis.CONCLUSIONSLocal tumor progression incidences did not differ between groups B and C. This study proved that tumor progression after GKRS without whole-brain radiation therapy for patients with 5–10 BMs was satisfactorily treated with the doses prescribed according to the JLGK0901 study protocol and that results were not inferior to those in patients with a single or 2–4 BMs.Clinical trial registration no.: UMIN000001812 (umin.ac.jp)
Tailored multilobar disconnective epilepsy surgery in the posterior quadrant
Authors: Rizzi Michele , Revay Martina , d’Orio Piergiorgio , Scarpa Pina , Mariani Valeria , Pelliccia Veronica , Della Costanza Martina , Zaniboni Matteo , Castana Laura , Cardinale Francesco , Lo Russo Giorgio , Cossu Massimo 
Published: April 2019

OBJECTIVESurgical treatment of drug-resistant epilepsy originating from the posterior quadrant (PQ) of the brain often requires large multilobar resections, and disconnective techniques have been advocated to limit the risks associated with extensive tissue removal. Few previous studies have described a tailored temporoparietooccipital (TPO) disconnective approach; only small series with short postoperative follow-ups have been reported. The aim of the present study was to present a tailored approach to multilobar PQ disconnections (MPQDs) for epilepsy and to provide details about selection of patients, presurgical investigations, surgical technique, treatment safety profile, and seizure and cognitive outcome in a large, single-center series of patients with a long-term follow-up.METHODSIn this retrospective longitudinal study, the authors searched their prospectively collected database for patients who underwent MPQD for drug-resistant epilepsy in the period of 2005–2017. Tailored MPQDs were a posteriori grouped as follows: type I (classic full TPO disconnection), type II (partial TPO disconnection), type III (full temporooccipital [TO] disconnection), and type IV (partial TO disconnection), according to the disconnection plane in the occipitoparietal area. A bivariate statistical analysis was carried out to identify possible predictors of seizure outcome (Engel class I vs classes II–IV) among several presurgical, surgical, and postsurgical variables. Preoperative and postoperative cognitive profiles were also collected and evaluated.RESULTSForty-two consecutive patients (29 males, 24 children) met the inclusion criteria. According to the presurgical evaluation (including stereo-electroencephalography in 13 cases), 12 (28.6%), 24 (57.1%), 2 (4.8%), and 4 (9.5%) patients received a type I, II, III, or IV MPQD, respectively. After a mean follow-up of 80.6 months, 76.2% patients were in Engel class I at last contact; at 6 months and 2 and 5 years postoperatively, Engel class I was recorded in 80.9%, 74.5%, and 73.5% of cases, respectively. Factors significantly associated with seizure freedom were the occipital pattern of seizure semiology and the absence of bilateral interictal epileptiform abnormalities at the EEG (p = 0.02). Severe complications occurred in 4.8% of the patients. The available neuropsychological data revealed postsurgical improvement in verbal domains, whereas nonunivocal outcomes were recorded in the other functions.CONCLUSIONSThe presented data indicate that the use of careful anatomo-electro-clinical criteria in the presurgical evaluation allows for customizing the extent of surgical disconnections in PQ epilepsies, with excellent results on seizures and an acceptable safety profile.