bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sensitizing the concept of mediatization for the study of social movements
Authors: Pajnik Mojca , Ribać Marko , Sekloča Peter 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
We suggest the “sensitizing concept of mediatization” as an analytical tool to analyze public communication of social movements in times of social, economic and political crisis, and we apply the tool to explore the case of the Slovenian uprisings of 2012–13. First, theoretically, we couple Tilly’s understanding of social movements’ practices with Hjarvard’s distinction between “direct” and “indirect” forms of mediatization. Second, in the empirical part, we categorize and classify movement organizations, activist initiatives and political groups into two distinct groups and observe how they respond to the media logic of newsworthiness and the political logic of office-seeking during the contentious actions of mass mobilization. We observe asymmetrical responses to processes of mediatization, which vary according to organizational structure, practices and movements’ vision of social transformation. The article shows how different protest groups respond to the three media logic techniques: a) personalization of political actors, b) decontextualization and simplification of transformative potential that are inherent to protest cycles, and how the two mobilized groups interact with the journalistic focus on c) spectacle and images of violence. We argue that the more the specific movement/group expresses criticism over the interplay of the media and the political logic, marked by the three discursive modes mentioned, the less it adopts the dominant media logic and the more it seeks for alternative and innovative media action.
Being media literate about media policy, a bridge too far in Flanders/Belgium
Authors: Donders Karen , Livémont Eline , Vanhaeght Anne-Sofie , Mariën Ilse , Audenhove Leo Van 
Published: September 2019

AbstractMedia use can empower people, provided that this is accompanied by a deeper understanding of the actors, processes and structures in the media sector – including media policy. It is, however, to be expected that media users’ literacy of media policy is rather limited. This is problematic as the absence of such understanding makes it impossible for citizens to hold the politicians they elected accountable for the media policy they develop. This article explores what media users know about media policy, what they expect to know, and whether they care. We adopted a case-study approach, researching this question for the region of Flanders based on a combination of quantitative (representative survey) and qualitative (49 in-depth interviews) data. While the article focuses on the case of Flanders, its theoretical basis as well as conclusion section are relevant beyond that specific context.
Comprehensive antenatal to postpartum care of patient with bipolar disorder: a case report
Authors: Jain Shreyance , Singhai Kartik , Pareek Vrinda , Nebhinani Naresh 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Background
The management of women with bipolar disorder during the pregnancy period is a challenging task, as such patients are at a higher risk of relapse during the pregnancy and the early postpartum period. No approach is without risk and clinicians are faced with difficult choices at every turn.

Case presentation
We present a case of a female with bipolar disorder, who presented with mania during the second trimester and we faced several challenges in her treatment during pregnancy, post-partum and the subsequent follow-up period.

Conclusion
For a favourable outcome to both mother and child, prenatal care providers can have individualised discussions regarding mental health issues in addition to neonatal risks from bipolar disorder and/or medications side effects and facilitating liaisons with health professionals to manage the complications and associated risks.
Unlocking the Relationship between Corporate Entrepreneurship and Firm Performance
Authors: Fis Ahmet M. , Cetindamar Dilek 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThis paper explores the relationship between corporate entrepreneurship and performance by developing a comprehensive theoretical model based on Schumpeterian understanding of entrepreneurship supported with the Theory of Planned Behavior from social psychology. The model shows how organizational culture (value) triggers a chain effect through its influence on entrepreneurial orientation (attitude) and managerial support (intentions) that ultimately generate impact on corporate entrepreneurship (behavior). We test our model in an emerging economy context and present our results with implications to theory and practice.
Factors affecting cerebrovascular reactivity to CO2 in premature infants
Authors: Aly Safwat , El-Dib Mohamed , Lu Zhigang , El Tatawy Sarah , Mohamed Mohamed , Aly Hany 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackgroundHypercarbia increases cerebral blood flow secondary to cerebral vasodilatation, while hypocarbia can lead to vasoconstriction with a subsequent decrease in cerebral blood flow. The aim of this study was to examine CO2cerebral vasoreactivity in a cohort of premature infants and to identify factors which influence this reactivity.MethodsWe prospectively studied a cohort of hemodynamically stable premature infants [birth weight (BW) <1500 g and gestational age (GA) ≤34 weeks]. Subjects underwent two studies, one in the first 72 h and the second after 1 week of life. Infants were continuously monitored via a physiology station that included transcutaneous CO2(tcPCO2) monitor, near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), arterial pulse oximetry and heart rate. The total hemoglobin (Hb-T) signal of NIRS was used as an indicator of cerebral blood volume (CBV). Correlation between tcPCO2and Hb-T was performed in each 1-h period using Pearson’s correlation. Factors affecting the CO2cerebrovascular reactivity were examined using bivariate and linear regression analyses.ResultsA total of 3847 1-h epochs were obtained from 140 studies of 72 premature infants. tcPCO2correlated positively with Hb-T in 42% of epochs. In regression analysis, factors associated with increased percentage of positive correlation epochs were male sex and younger postmenstrual age (PMA; β = 0.176, 0.169 and P-value = 0.036, 0.047 respectively). Factors associated with increased strength of positive correlation were mechanical ventilation and increased average tcPCO2(β = 0.198, 0.220 and P-value = 0.024, 0.011 respectively).ConclusionIncreased prematurity, male sex, mechanical ventilation and hypercarbia are associated with stronger PCO2cerebrovascular reactivity in premature infants. This association may explain their role in the pathogenesis of brain injury.
Fetal adrenal gland size in gestational diabetes mellitus
Authors: Hetkamp Tim , Hammer Kerstin , Möllers Mareike , Köster Helen A. , Falkenberg Maria K. , Kerschke Laura , Braun Janina , Oelmeier de Murcia Kathrin , Klockenbusch Walter , Schmitz Ralf 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Background
The aim of this study was to compare the adrenal gland size of fetuses of women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) with that of healthy control fetuses.

Methods
This prospective cross-sectional study included measurements of the adrenal gland size of 62 GDM fetuses (GDM group) and 370 normal controls (control group) between the 19th and 41st week of gestation. A standardized transversal plane was used to measure the total width and the medulla width. The cortex width and an adrenal gland ratio (total width/medulla width) were calculated from these data. Adrenal gland size measurements were adjusted to the week of gestation and compared between the two groups in a multivariable linear regression analysis. A variance decomposition metric was used to compare the relative importance of predictors of the different adrenal gland size measurements.

Results
For all the investigated parameters of the adrenal gland size, increased values were found in the case of GDM (P < 0.05), while adjusting for the week of gestation. GDM seems to have a greater impact on the size of the cortex than on the size of the medulla.

Conclusion
The fetal adrenal gland is enlarged in pregnancy complicated by GDM. The width of the cortex seems to be particularly affected.
Autonomous Vehicles, Technological Progress, and the Scope Problem in Products Liability
Authors: Lemann Alexander B. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Autonomous vehicles are widely expected to save tens of thousands of lives each year by making car crashes attributable to human error – currently the overwhelming majority of fatal crashes – a thing of the past. How the legal system should attribute responsibility for the (hopefully few) crashes autonomous vehicles cause is an open and hotly debated question.
Most tort scholars approach this question by asking what liability rule is most likely to achieve the desired policy outcome: promoting the adoption of this lifesaving technology without destroying manufacturers’ incentives to optimize it. This approach has led to a wide range of proposals, many of which suggest replacing standard rules of products liability with some new system crafted specifically for autonomous vehicles and creating immunity or absolute liability or something in between.
But, I argue, the relative safety of autonomous vehicles should not be relevant in determining whether and in what ways manufacturers are held liable for their crashes. The history of products liability litigation over motor vehicle design shows that the tort system has been hesitant to indulge in such comparisons, as it generally declines both to impose liability on older, more dangerous cars simply because they lack the latest safety features and to grant immunity to newer, safer cars simply because of their superior aggregate performance. These are instances in which products liability law fails to promote efficient outcomes and instead provides redress for those who have been wronged by defective products.
Applying these ideas to the four fatalities that have so far been caused by autonomous vehicles suggests that just as conventional vehicles should not be considered defective in relying on a human driver, autonomous vehicles should not be immune when their defects cause injury.
Deliberating about Climate Change: The Case for ‘Thinking and Nudging’
Authors: Lenzi Dominic 
Published: September 2019

AbstractProponents of deliberative democracy believe deliberation provides the best chance of finding effective and legitimate climate policies. However, in many societies there is substantial evidence of biased cognition and polarisation about climate change. Further, many appear unable to distinguish reliable scientific information from false claims or misinformation. While deliberation significantly reduces polarisation about climate change, and can even increase the provision of reliable beliefs, these benefits are difficult to scale up, and are slow to affect whole societies. In response, I propose a combined strategy of ‘thinking and nudging’. While deliberative theorists tend to view nudging askance, combining deliberation with nudges promises to be a timelier and more effective response to climate change than deliberation alone. I outline several proposals to improve societal deliberative capacity while reducing climate risks, including media reform, strategic communication and framing of debates, incentivising pro-climate behaviour change, and better education about science.
Fluorescence imaging with tailored light
Authors: Tang Jialei , Ren Jinhan , Han Kyu Young 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Fluorescence microscopy has long been a valuable tool for biological and medical imaging. Control of optical parameters such as the amplitude, phase, polarization, and propagation angle of light gives fluorescence imaging great capabilities ranging from super-resolution imaging to long-term real-time observation of living organisms. In this review, we discuss current fluorescence imaging techniques in terms of the use of tailored or structured light for the sample illumination and fluorescence detection, providing a clear overview of their working principles and capabilities.
Crystal structure of 3-(3-(4-carboxyphenyl)ureido)pyridin-1-ium perchlorate, C26H24Cl2N6O14
Authors: Zhang Qi-Long , Yu Qing , Xie Hai-Fang , Yang Xiao-Sheng 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
C26H24Cl2N6O14, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 15.7471(18) Å, b = 14.1486(15) Å, c = 13.7894(15) Å, β = 109.588(3)°, V = 2894.5(6) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0744, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.2246, T = 293(2) K.
“Good” and “Bad” Actors in Digital Space: The Un/Making of a Digital Citizen
Authors: Kalantzis-Cope Phillip 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThere has been a firestorm of moral outrage regarding the collection and misuse of personal information by data-informed digital companies. In framing their actions we often make a distinction between “good” and “bad” actors. I investigate the hidden presupposition that informs this dichotomy, by using the figure of the citizen to reveal an underlying structural transformation in the fog of our times. I ask, what can we reverse engineer from this historical phenomenon to derive a meaning of the political project defining the making of “digital space,” which shares meaning with the supposed inherent characteristics of the age, and its relationship to the production, validation, and dissemination of information? I’ll present a case for how an atomization of affinity and failure maps and draws energy from a broader historical agenda of social, political, and economic deregulation. On this basis I ask, what are the implications for understanding the figure of the digital citizen?
Fully Softened Shear Strength Measurement and Correlations
Authors: Stark Timothy D. , Fernandez Rodrigo 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The fully softened strength (FSS) is usually the controlling shear strength for cut slopes in stiff-fissured fine-grained soils, shales, and claystones, engineered fill slopes, and compacted embankments with no prior slope movement. The FSS is used to model the shear strength of shallow slope soils because it represents the shear strength remaining after the effects of overconsolidation, compaction, desiccation, or other strengthening processes have been removed because of wet–dry cycles, applied shear stresses, stress relief, progressive deformation or failure, swelling, freeze–thaw cycles, weathering, or all of these. An empirical correlation is frequently desired for such slopes because the slopes can be long, such as a levee system, and the borrow material is not completely defined, which makes comprehensive testing difficult. This article presents the mode of shear for the FSS condition, a comparison of existing FSS correlations, power function coefficients to estimate the FSS envelope, and recommendations for modeling the stress-dependent FSS envelope in stability analyses.
Utilizing Detector Filters for Noise Reduction in X-Ray Computer Tomography Scanning for the Inspection of the Structural Integrity of Additive Manufactured Metal Parts
Authors: Tawfik Ahmed , Nicholson Samuel Otto , Racasan Radu , Blunt Liam , Bills Paul 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The recent development of industrial computer tomography (CT) has enabled inspection of the integrity of mechanical parts without physical sectioning. Using X-ray CT (XCT) presents many challenges prohibiting industry from widely implementing the technology. The existence of several variables such as filament current, filter material, and filter thickness is directly related to the presence of noise and influences the accuracy of the inspection process. Noise in the resultant reconstructed image is the result of low-energy X rays being absorbed by the detector causing large variations of brightness on the computer image; other noise sources such as detector variations and electronic noise are further sources of error. Additionally, the reconstruction method, which also has a response to the noise scatter, can contribute to the resulting image noise. The presence of noise can skew the resulting image and create the illusion of pores/defects that are not actually present, thus vastly compromising the results of the analysis. Noise reduction is vital in improving the reliability of CT imaging of additive manufactured components. This article investigates the possibility of reducing noise by using detector filters. The study will investigate the impact of source and detector filters (shown in fig. 1) on image quality. Two filter types of 100-μm-thick aluminum and 100-um-thick copper filters were used, and the results were compared to a conventional tube filter. The workpiece used in this study consisted of a 6-mm Ti6Al4V round bar with designed internal features ranging from 50 to 1,400 μm containing a mixture of voids, two filled with unfused powder and two unfilled. The diameter and depth of defects were characterized using focus variation microscopy and then scanned with a Nikon XTH225 industrial CT to compare the measured internal features. The analysis was carried out using VGStudio Max 3.0 (Volume Graphics, Germany) software package to evaluate surface determination and defects/porosity. Preliminary results indicate that using the aluminum detector filter can reduce the noise by 20 % when scanning the part under certain conditions. Also, for a low-magnification scan using the aluminum detector filter, no difference in noise was evident, but it was noted that the filament current could be reduced, potentially further reducing noise.
Mecp2Deletion from Cholinergic Neurons Selectively Impairs Recognition Memory and Disrupts Cholinergic Modulation of the Perirhinal Cortex
Authors: Ballinger Elizabeth C. , Schaaf Christian P. , Patel Akash J. , de Maio Antonia , Tao Huifang , Talmage David A. , Zoghbi Huda Y. , Role Lorna W. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractRett Syndrome is a neurological disorder caused by mutations in the gene encoding methyl CpG binding protein 2 (MeCP2) and characterized by severe intellectual disability. The cholinergic system is a critical modulator of cognitive ability and is affected in patients with Rett Syndrome. To better understand the importance of MeCP2 function in cholinergic neurons, we studied the effect of selectiveMecp2deletion from cholinergic neurons in mice. Mice withMecp2deletion from cholinergic neurons were selectively impaired in assays of recognition memory, a cognitive task largely mediated by the perirhinal cortex (PRH). Deletion ofMecp2from cholinergic neurons resulted in profound alterations in baseline firing of L5/6 neurons and eliminated the responses of these neurons to optogenetic stimulation of cholinergic input to PRH. Both the behavioral and the electrophysiological deficits of cholinergicMecp2deletion were rescued by inhibiting ACh breakdown with donepezil treatment.
Genomic Structure of Hstx2 Modifier of Prdm9-Dependent Hybrid Male Sterility in Mice
Authors: Lustyk Diana , Kinský Slavomír , Ullrich Kristian Karsten , Yancoskie Michelle , Kašíková Lenka , Gergelits Vaclav , Sedlacek Radislav , Chan Yingguang Frank , Odenthal-Hesse Linda , Forejt Jiri , Jansa Petr 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
F1 hybrids between mouse inbred strains PWD and C57BL/6 represent the most thoroughly genetically defined model of hybrid sterility in vertebrates. Hybrid male sterility can be fully reconstituted from three components of this model, the Prdm9 gene, intersubspecific homeology of Mus musculus musculus and Mus musculus domesticus autosomes, and the X-linked Hstx2 locus. Hstx2 modulates the extent of Prdm9-dependent meiotic arrest and harbors two additional factors responsible for intersubspecific introgression-induced oligospermia (Hstx1) and meiotic recombination rate (Meir1). To facilitate positional cloning and to overcome the recombination suppression within the 4.3 Mb encompassing the Hstx2 locus, we designed Hstx2-CRISPR and SPO11/Cas9 transgenes aimed to induce DNA double-strand breaks specifically within the Hstx2 locus. The resulting recombinant reduced the Hstx2 locus to 2.70 Mb (chromosome X: 66.51–69.21 Mb). The newly defined Hstx2 locus still operates as the major X-linked factor of the F1 hybrid sterility, and controls meiotic chromosome synapsis and meiotic recombination rate. Despite extensive further crosses, the 2.70 Mb Hstx2 interval behaved as a recombination cold spot with reduced PRDM9-mediated H3K4me3 hotspots and absence of DMC1-defined DNA double-strand-break hotspots. To search for structural anomalies as a possible cause of recombination suppression, we used optical mapping and observed high incidence of subspecies-specific structural variants along the X chromosome, with a striking copy number polymorphism of the microRNA Mir465 cluster. This observation together with the absence of a strong sterility phenotype in Fmr1 neighbor (Fmr1nb) null mutants support the role of microRNA as a likely candidate for Hstx2.
Влияние социально-экономического статуса населения северо-востока России на отношение к мигрантам
Authors: Васильева Ольга Валерьевна 
Published: September 2019

Цитирование: Васильева О.В. (2019) Влияние социально-экономического статуса населения северо-востока России на отношение к мигрантам // Мир России. Т. 28. № 4. С. 152–171. DOI: 10.17323/1811-038X-2019-28-4-152-171
Целью настоящей статьи является определение наличия связи между субъективными оценками собственного социально-экономического статуса населения на северо-востоке России и их отношением к мигрантам. В статье рассматриваются результаты социологического исследования, проведенного методом анкетирования в трех населенных пунктах Якутии с общим объемом выборки, насчитывающим 654 наблюдения. Выделены три условные группы, отличающиеся социально-экономическим статусом их членов: малообеспеченные, среднеобеспеченные, высокообеспеченные. Проанализированы связи между социальными и демографическими особенностями данных групп и отношением к мигрантам. Как показывает исследование, связь между антимигрантскими настроениями и социально-экономическим статусом действительно существует, при этом формирование негативных представлений переплетается с наличием/отсутствием экономического, квалификационного и властного ресурсов.
Ефим Дорош и его «Деревенский дневник»: наблюдая сельско-городские трансформации России и Ростова Великого
Authors: Никулин Александр Михайлович 
Published: September 2019

Цитирование: Никулин А.М. (2019) Ефим Дорош и его «Деревенский дневник»: наблюдая сельско-городские трансформации России и Ростова Великого // Мир России. Т. 28. № 4. С. 172–192. DOI: 10.17323/1811-038X-2019-28-4-172-192
В статье анализируется крестьяноведческое наследие писателя и литературного критика Ефима Яковлевича Дороша, даны характеристики основных вех его творческой биографии, иллюстрируемые отзывами современников. В первой части статьи особое внимание уделено становлению Е.Я. Дороша не только как писателя, но и как оригинального исследователя-крестьяноведа. Показано, что именно тема взаимоотношения крестьянства с городом как своеобразного симбиоза крестьянско-мещанской культуры оставалась центральной для всего творчества Е.Я. Дороша. Вторая и третья части статьи посвящены анализу первого и последнего из очерков главной книги всей жизни Е.Я. Дороша «Дождь пополам с солнцем. Деревенский дневник». Анализируется сравнительная трансформация сельско-городских отношений в Ростове Великом и его окрестных деревнях, описываемых Е.Я. Дорошем в очерках 1954–1955 и 1967 годов под вымышленным именем Райгорода и также по-особому названных местных селений. Доказывается, что Е.Я. Дорош был одним из пионеров исследования сельско-городской неформальной экономики Советской России. Также подчеркивается, что именно Е.Я. Дорош отмечал некоторое положительное значение элементов предпринимательства, которые советская идеология игнорировала. В заключение ставится вопрос о значении творческого наследия и метода Е.Я. Дороша для исследования современной сельско-городской России.