bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Board networks as a source of intellectual capital for companies
Authors: Blanco-Alcántara David , Díez-Esteban José María , Romero-Merino M. Elena 
Published: October 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to use the dynamic capabilities framework to explain the effect of board networks, as a source of intellectual capital, on firm performance. The authors propose that the influence of board interlocks depends on their ability to contribute to strategic decision making. As a result, their effect is subject to the business context in which they occur and the different role of the interconnected directors involved.Design/methodology/approachThe authors use social network analysis to make board connections and to calculate centrality measures. The authors also identify busy boards to analyze whether their effect differs from centrality. The authors estimate the theoretical model using the Generalized Method of Moments in order to take advantage of the panel database.FindingsFor a sample of Spanish firms from 1999 to 2015, the results show there is no direct significant effect of directors’ networks on firm performance. However, the authors find a positive and significant influence of intra-industry board connections, particularly when they are established among outsiders.Research limitations/implicationsThe Spanish context of the study can limit the generalization of the papers’ results.Practical implicationsThe results can be useful both for practitioners – since they can serve as a guide for companies to reformulate their boards in search of the optimal structure-, and when implementing good governance codes – establishing limits for director interlocking.Originality/valueThis study helps to offer a better understanding of how directors’ networks can add value to the firm depending on the kind of resources they provide (context) and the role of the director who is connected.
The soft side of environmentally-sustainable organizations
Authors: Jabbour Charbel Jose Chiapetta , Renwick Douglas William Scott 
Published: October 2018

Purpose
The purpose of the paper is to present a discussion on the “soft and human” side of building environmentally sustainable organizations, a flourishing management subfield called “green human resource management” (GHRM), which concerns alignment of people and environmental management objectives of organizations.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors reviewed some of the most relevant research results in GHRM.

Findings
In this paper, the authors define GHRM, its workplace-based practices and some recent developments’ evidence on the positive impact of it on firms’ ecological objectives. The authors conclude by detailing a new research agenda in GHRM.

Originality/value
The authors conclude by detailing a new and contemporary research agenda in GHRM.
Building bridges: librarians and autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Cho James 
Published: October 2018

Purpose
This paper aims to convey the experiences of an academic librarian in providing services to students with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) so that it may aide other librarians who also work with these students.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper does this by detailing a support program, the Bridges to Adelphi Program, for students on the spectrum and illustrates the nature of the disorder, strategies that have been used in working with these students and reflections on and implications of these strategies.

Finding
This paper provides information on practical strategies used and in detail descriptions of this work and conveys findings on which strategies are used and why and which strategies succeeded and which did not.

Research limitations/implications
One limitation of this paper is that other universities may not have a well-organized and well-developed support program such as the Bridges to Adelphi Program. However, it does provide advice on working with students on the spectrum even in the absence of such a program. Future avenues for research include the collection and evaluation of data on learning outcomes that these techniques have on students with ASD.

Practical implications
The specific librarian interventions detailed in this paper will provide advice and models that other librarians can use.

Originality/value
This paper is distinguished from other scholarship in that it is addressed to the librarian and not teaching faculty, and in the small amount of literature that is addressed to the librarian, this paper differs in that it does not solely offer suggestions but provides a real-world accounting of strategies and interventions used.
Acoustic directional snapshot wavefield decomposition
Authors: Holicki Max , Drijkoningen Guy , Wapenaar Kees 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACTUp–down wavefield decomposition is effectuated by a scaled addition or subtraction of the pressure and vertical particle velocity, generally on horizontal or vertical surfaces, and works well for data given on such surfaces. The method, however, is not applicable to decomposing a wavefield when it is given at one instance in time, i.e. on snapshots. Such situations occur when a wavefield is modelled with methods like finite‐difference techniques, for the purpose of, for example, reverse time migration, where the entire wavefield is determined per time instance. We present an alternative decomposition method that is exact when working on snapshots of an acoustic wavefield in a homogeneous medium, but can easily be approximated to heterogeneous media, and allows the wavefield to be decomposed in arbitrary directions. Such a directional snapshot wavefield decomposition is achieved by recasting the acoustic system in terms of the time derivative of the pressure and the vertical particle velocity, as opposed to the vertical derivative in up–down decomposition for data given on a horizontal surface. As in up–down decomposition of data given at a horizontal surface, the system can be eigenvalue decomposed and the inverse of the eigenvector matrix decomposes the wavefield snapshot into fields of opposite directions, including up–down decomposition. As the vertical particle velocity can be rotated at will, this allows for decomposition of the wavefield into any spatial direction; even spatially varying directions are possible. We show the power and effectiveness of the method by synthetic examples and models of increasing complexity.
Medication adherence, costs, and ER visits of nurse practitioner and primary care physician patients: Evidence from three cohorts of Medicare beneficiaries
Authors: Muench Ulrike , Guo Chaoran , Thomas Cindy , Perloff Jennifer 
Published: October 2018

ObjectiveTo compare medication adherence, cost, and utilization in Medicare beneficiaries attributed to nurse practitioners (NP) and primary care physicians (PCP).DataMedicare Part A, B, and D claims and beneficiary summary file data, years 2009‐2013.Study DesignWe used propensity score‐weighted analyses combined with logistic regression and generalized estimating equations to test differences in good medication adherence (proportion of days covered (PDC >0.8); office‐based and specialty care costs; and ER visits.Data ExtractionBeneficiaries with prescription claims for anti‐diabetics, renin‐angiotensin system antagonists (RASA), or statins.Principal FindingsThere were no differences in good medication adherence (PDC >0.8) between NP and PCP attributed beneficiaries taking anti‐diabetics or RASA. Beneficiaries taking statins had a slightly higher probability of good adherence when attributed to PCPs (74.6% vs 75.5%; P < 0.05). NP attributed beneficiaries had lower office‐based and specialty care costs and were less likely to experience an ER visit across all three medication cohorts (P < 0.01).ConclusionsExamining the impact of NP and PCP provided care on outcomes beyond the primary care setting is important to the Medicare program in general but will also help practices seeking to meet benchmarks under alternative payment models that incentivize higher quality and lower costs.
Economic Policy Uncertainty and House Prices: Evidence from Geographical Regions of England and Wales
Authors: Choudhry Taufiq 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThis article empirically investigates the effect of the economic policy uncertainty on house prices across 10 different geographical regions of England and Wales. The empirical study is conducted by means of the autoregressive distributed lag bounds cointegration test. Results show a stable long‐run relationship (cointegration) between house prices and its determinants (including economic policy uncertainty) in nine of the regions. Results also evince long‐ and short‐term negative effect of uncertainty to house prices. These results clearly indicate the importance of economic policy uncertainty in the determination of UK house prices and demand.
Clinical effectiveness and safety of antazoline‐based therapy in patients with stable coronary artery disease undergoing pharmacological cardioversion of short‐duration atrial fibrillation in the emergency department
Authors: Farkowski Michal M. , Maciag Aleksander , Zurawska Malgorzata , Kowalik Ilona , Szwed Hanna , Pytkowski Mariusz 
Published: October 2018

SummaryIntroductionOptions for a pharmacological cardioversion (CV) of short‐duration atrial fibrillation (AF) in patients with a stable coronary artery disease (CAD) are limited to amiodarone or vernakalant. Antazoline has been reported to achieve high rates of AF conversion to sinus rhythm, but data on its effectiveness and, more importantly, safety in stable CAD patients, have been sparse.AimsTo assess the effectiveness and safety of antazoline‐based therapy in patients with a stable CAD undergoing pharmacological CV of short‐duration AF in the emergency department (ED).ResultsA retrospective case‐control study. We conducted an analysis of medical records of patients with a stable CAD undergoing CV of short duration (≤48 hours) AF in the ED using intravenous antazoline. The main endpoints of the study were successful cardioversion of AF and hospitalization due to the adverse effects (AE) of the treatment. Between 2008 and 2012, out of 548 CVs, antazoline was administered 334 times: 138 in CAD and 196 in the control group. Patients in the CAD group were older and had more comorbidities than controls; 65 patients had had a history of myocardial infarction (MI). In CAD group, the effectiveness was higher (82.6% vs 63.8%, RB: 1.30 [95% CI: 1.14‐1.48], P = 0.0002) and the hospitalization rate due to AE was similar (1.4% vs 4.1%, RR: 0.36 [95% CI: 0.08‐1.65], P = 0.2054) to the control group. Among patients with CAD, a history of MI did not influence the effectiveness or safety of the CV (P = 0.2252 and P = 1.0000, respectively).ConclusionsIn selected patients with a stable CAD, even with a history of MI, antazoline‐based CV of short‐duration AF may be an effective and safe therapeutic option.
Consensus‐based Criterion Standard for the Identification of Pediatric Patients Who Need Emergency Medical Services Transport to a Hospital with Higher‐level Pediatric Resources
Authors: Studnek Jonathan R. , Lerner E. Brooke , Shah Manish I. , Browne Lorin R. , Brousseau David C. , Cushman Jeremy T. , Dayan Peter S. , Drayna Patrick C. , Drendel Amy L. , Gray Matthew P. , Kahn Christopher A. , Meyer Michael T. , Shah Manish N. , Stanley Rachel M. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractBackgroundEmergency medical services (EMS) providers must be able to identify the most appropriate destination facility when treating children with potentially severe medical illnesses. Currently, no validated tool exists to assist EMS providers in identifying children who need transport to a hospital with higher‐level pediatric care. For such a tool to be developed, a criterion standard needs to be defined that identifies children who received higher‐level pediatric medical care.ObjectiveThe objective was to develop a consensus‐based criterion standard for children with a medical complaint who need a hospital with higher‐level pediatric resources.MethodsEleven local and national experts in EMS, emergency medicine (EM), and pediatric EM were recruited. Initial discussions identified themes for potential criteria. These themes were used to develop specific criteria that were included in a modified Delphi survey, which was electronically delivered. The criteria were refined iteratively based on participant responses. To be included, a criterion required at least 80% agreement among participants. If an item had less than 50% agreement, it was removed. A criterion with 50% to 79% agreement was modified based on participant suggestions and included on the next survey, along with any new suggested criteria. Voting continued until no new criteria were suggested and all criteria received at least 80% agreement.ResultsAll 11 recruited experts participated in all seven voting rounds. After the seventh vote, there was agreement on each item and no new criteria were suggested. The recommended criterion standard included 13 items that apply to patients 14 years old or younger. They included IV antibiotics for suspicion of sepsis or a seizure treated with two different classes of anticonvulsive medications within 2 hours, airway management, blood product administration, cardiopulmonary resuscitation, electrical therapy, administration of specific IV/IO drugs or respiratory assistance within 4 hours, interventional radiology or surgery within 6 hours, intensive care unit admission, specific comorbid conditions with two or more abnormal vital signs, and technology‐assisted children seen for device malfunction.ConclusionWe developed a 13‐item consensus‐based criterion standard definition for identifying children with medical complaints who need the resources of a hospital equipped to provide higher‐level pediatric services. This criterion standard will allow us to create a tool to improve pediatric patient care by assisting EMS providers in identifying the most appropriate destination facility for ill children.
The Diversity We Are Given: Community Economies and the Promise of Bataille
Authors: Rose Mitch 
Published: October 2018

AbstractFor over 20 years J K Gibson‐Graham and the Community Economies Collective have endeavoured to reveal the diversity of economic practice already operative in our so‐called capitalist world. The aim of this paper is to further this ambition by illuminating an occlusion in Gibson‐Graham's own political vision. It argues that diversity, in Gibson‐Graham's thought, is primarily conceptualised as something produced. Drawing upon the work of George Bataille, this paper conceptualises the economy as a superlative and prodigal system of energy exchange that, by definition, is over‐productive and wasteful. In this framing, diversity is not the result of positive relations but emerges from the prolific nature of the general economy. The idea is developed through a discussion of the Detroit urban farming movement. Specifically it argues that the inefficient, redundant and wasteful nature of urban farming is an appropriation of potentialities resident within the general economy.
Vacuum‐Assisted Closure for Mediastinitis in Pediatric Cardiac Surgery: A Single‐Center Experience
Authors: Onan Ismihan Selen , Yildiz Okan , Tüzün Behzat , Timur Barış , Haydin Sertaç 
Published: October 2018

AbstractVacuum‐assisted closure (VAC) has been widely used to treat mediastinitis after congenital cardiac surgery, which is associated with a high risk of morbidity and mortality. The aim in this study is to review our 14 cases of mediastinitis treated with VAC therapy after congenital cardiac surgery. We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 14 congenital heart patients with mediastinitis from January 2012 to March 2017. Patients with fever, wound discharge, sternal dehiscence, a positive wound culture or abscess diagnosed with computed tomography are accepted as mediastinitis. A VAC was applied to all our patients without irrigation or dressing the wound because of sterility concerns. The vacuuming of the wound was either 50 mm Hg or 75 mm Hg according to the sternal intactness. We gradually decreased the pressures and changed the VAC systems once every three days, after wound healing was seen and a negative culture was obtained and VAC was terminated. There were 14 patients (8 male and 6 female) with mediastinitis and all of them were treated using VAC. The mean age of the patients was 6.96 months (ranging from 0.5‐26 months). The mean weight was 5.16 kg (2.8‐12 kg). Three patients needed extracorporeal membrane oxygenation after the surgery. Mean onset of mediastinitis was 25.3 days. The wound cultures showed methicillin resistant coagulase negative streptococcus and methicillin‐sensitive staphylococcus aureus in most cases. Acinetobacter, serratia, pseudomonas, and klebsiella were the other bacterial species seen in cultures. Two patients had mediastinitis symptoms, but their cultures were negative. VAC systems were changed 3.85 times on average. Mean duration of hospital stay was 49.9 days (21‐104 days). One patient needed a muscle flap to close the thoracic cavity after mediastinitis. Two patients did not survive. Mediastinitis is a serious postoperative condition in pediatric cardiac surgery patients. Classical wound dressing and irrigation methods are not suitable in mediastinitis for the pediatric age group. Therefore, VAC therapy can be an effective way to successfully treat the situation.
Multi‐Objective Genetic Algorithm Assisted by an Artificial Neural Network Metamodel for Shape Optimization of a Centrifugal Blood Pump
Authors: Ghadimi Behnam , Nejat Amir , Nourbakhsh Seyed Ahmad , Naderi Nasim 
Published: October 2018

AbstractA centrifugal blood pump is a common type of the pump used as a left ventricular assist device (LVAD) in the medical industries. The reduction of the LVADs hemolysis level to reduce the blood damage is one of the major concerns in designing of such devices. Also, the enhancement of the LVADs efficiency to decrease the battery size is another design requirement. The blood damage critically depends on the state of the blood being pumped. Besides the blood state, the blood damage also depends on the pump impeller and volute geometries. In this research, a multi‐objective optimization of a centrifugal blood pump is performed. A complete 3D‐optimization platform is established for both impeller and volute of a centrifugal blood pump consisting of parametric modeling, automatic mesh generation, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation, and optimization strategy. A vast number of cases with various impeller and volute shapes are numerically simulated. Three different metamodels are created using artificial neural networks (ANNs) in order to approximate the pump hydraulic efficiency, hemolysis index (HI), and pressure head. The inverse of the relative pressure head is defined as the first objective and the summation of relative hemolysis index and the inverse of the relative efficiency is assumed as the second objective. Non‐dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm‐II (NSGA‐II) is used to find the Pareto Front. A set of optimal points is selected. Finally, for the physiological flow conditions, the optimum design that provides 11.9% HI reduction and 7.2% efficiency enhancement is selected.
The Longitudinal Danish High Myopia Study, Cohort 1948: at age 66 years visual ability is only occasionally affected by visual field defects
Authors: Fledelius Hans C. , Jacobsen Nina , Li Xiao Q. , Goldschmidt Ernst 
Published: October 2018

AbstractPurposeA descriptive study on visual fields, as part of a 50‐year follow‐up of high myopia in an unselected cohort‐based Danish sample, now aged 66 years.MethodsIn a Copenhagen 1948 birth cohort (n = 9243), 39 individuals aged 14 years were identified with myopia of at least −6 D, and with regular clinical follow‐ups since then. In 2002 (n = 34, age 54 years) and 2008 (n = 32, age 60), the individual ambulatory visual field was outlined by kinetic Goldmann large object perimetry (IV or V,4e). At age 66 years, 28 attended for the 2014–2015 follow‐up, at which smaller Goldmann objects (II and I,4e) were added, further to identify relative defects.ResultsRepeated large object perimetry disclosed statistically significant general peripheral narrowing over the 12–13‐year test period, though slight and without practical implications. Two new cases showing absolute defects were however added to the three already known. The addition of small Goldmann objects disclosed relative defects in another eight participants, in some to suggest a refraction‐related pattern (fundus ectasia; uncorrected high myopia). However, comparing eyes with and without defects, statistical importance could not be attached to the degree of myopia, fundus ectasia or optic disc morphology (χ2, n.s.).Conclusion(i) Serial large object Goldmann isopters over the ‘senior’ decade up to age 66 demonstrated a slight general peripheral narrowing by age of visual fields in high myopia. (ii) Overall 42% of the participants had absolute or relative defects (in 5 and 8, respectively), however, without socio‐visual consequences when binocular. (iii) Visual field loss by age still appears a minor issue in clinically unselected high myopia.
Predicting the outcome of laser peripheral iridotomy for primary angle closure suspect eyes using anterior segment optical coherence tomography
Authors: Koh Victor , Keshtkaran Mohammad Reza , Hernstadt David , Aquino Maria Cecilia D. , Chew Paul T. , Sng Chelvin 
Published: October 2018

AbstractPurposeDevelop an algorithm to predict the success of laser peripheral iridotomy (LPI) in primary angle closure suspect (PACS), using pretreatment anterior segment optical coherence tomography (ASOCT) scans.MethodsA total of 69 eyes with PACS underwent LPI and time‐domain ASOCT scans (temporal and nasal cuts) were performed before and after LPI. After LPI, success is defined as one or more angles changed from closed to open. All the pretreatment ASOCT scans were analysed using the Anterior Segment Analysis Program to derive anterior chamber angle (ACA) measurements. The measurements for each angle were ordered along with angle‐independent measurements totalling to 42 measurements which serve as features for the prediction algorithm. Two masked glaucoma fellowship‐trained ophthalmologists graded the pre‐LPI ASOCT scans to determine whether LPI was likely to successful.ResultsThere were 42 (60.9%) eyes that fulfilled the criteria for success after LPI. Iris concavity, angle recess area (750 μm) and iris concavity ratio showed the highest predictive score and were selected using correlation‐based subset selection method. These features were classified into two (‘successful’ and ‘unsuccessful’) categories using a Bayes classifier. The algorithm predicted the success of LPI with 79.28% cross validation accuracy, which was superior to the predictive accuracy of the ophthalmologists (kappa 0.497 and 0.636 respectively).ConclusionUsing pretreatment ASOCT scans, our algorithm was superior to ophthalmologists in predicting the success of LPI for PACS eyes. This novel algorithm could aid decision making in offering LPI as a prophylaxis for PACS.