bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Increased lymph node yield indicates improved survival in locally advanced rectal cancer treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy
Authors: Wang Yaqi , Zhou Menglong , Yang Jianing , Sun Xiaoyang , Zou Wei , Zhang Zhiyuan , Zhang Jing , Shen Lijun , Yang Lifeng , Zhang Zhen 
Published: June 2019

AbstractPurposeIt is recommended for colorectal cancer to harvest at least 12 lymph nodes (LNs) during surgery to avoid understaging of the disease. However, it is still controversial whether it is necessary to harvest from locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) patients who underwent neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (neo‐CRT). The impact of lymph node yield (LNY) on prognosis in LARC patients was analyzed.Materials/MethodsIn total, 495 LARC patients who underwent neo‐CRT in 2006‐2015 were analyzed. After examining clinicopathological distribution differences between the LNY subgroups (with the threshold of 12), univariate and multivariate Cox survival analyses were performed. Survival plots were obtained from Kaplan‐Meier analyses. Similar subgroup analyses were performed according to the tumor regression grade (TRG) and metastatic status of post‐operational LNs.ResultsOf the 495 patients, 287 (57.98%) had an LNY of less than 12. Nearly no significant clinicopathological difference was found between the LNY subgroups, including the TRG scores. Multivariate survival analysis demonstrated that at least 12 LNs examined was an independent prognostic feature of good overall survival (OS), disease‐free survival (DFS), and distant metastasis free survival (DMFS), but not local recurrence free survival (LRFS). However, in the subgroup analyses, no association was found between LNY and prognosis in patients with good TRG scores (0‐1) or negative LNs.ConclusionsFor LARC patients treated with neo‐CRT, an LNY of at least 12 indicated an improved survival. Decreased LNY was not related to better tumor regression. It suggests that a sufficiently high LNY is still required, especially in those with a potentially poor tumor response.
Chemical Composition of Patrinia scabiosifolia Flower Absolute and Its Migratory and Proliferative Activities in Human Keratinocytes
Authors: Hwang Dae Il , Won Kyung Jong , Kim Do‐Yoon , Kim Ha Bin , Li Yali , Lee Hwan Myung 
Published: June 2019

AbstractPatrinia scabiosifolia (PS) has bioactivities such as antitumor and anti‐inflammation effects. However, its effects on human skin physiological activities, such as skin regeneration and wound healing, remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the effects of absolute extracted from PS flower (PSF) on migration and proliferation of human dermal keratinocyte (HaCat). The yield of PSF absolute obtained by solvent extraction method was 0.105 % and its five constituents were found in GC/MS analysis. The PSF absolute induced the proliferation and migration of HaCats. The absolute increased the phosphorylation of serine/threonine‐specific protein kinase (Akt) and extracellular signal‐regulated kinase1/2 (Erk1/2) in HaCats. In addition, the absolute stimulated the outgrowth of collagen sprouting of HaCats. These results demonstrated, for the first time, that PSF absolute may have positive effects on skin regeneration and/or wound healing by inducing migration and proliferation of dermal keratinocytes via the Akt/Erk1/2 pathway. Therefore, PSF absolute may be a useful natural material for skin regeneration and/or wound healing.
De novo mutation of emopamil binding protein (EBP) gene in a girl with Conradi‐Hünermann‐Happle syndrome
Authors: Soler‐Cardona Ana , Brandau Oliver , Laccone Franco , Tanew Adrian , Radakovic Sonja 
Published: June 2019

AbstractConradi‐Hünermann‐Happle syndrome is a rare X‐linked dominant syndrome affecting the skin, skeletal system, and eyes. Here, we report on a female patient with a de novo heterozygous missense mutation c.301C>T (p.Trp101Arg) of the EMP (emopamil binding protein) gene.
Treatment of a massive naproxen overdose with therapeutic plasma exchange in a dog
Authors: Kicera‐Temple Kathleen , Londoño Leonel , Lanaux Travis M. , Buckley Gareth J. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractIn comparison with other over‐the‐counter anti‐inflammatory drugs, naproxen has a longer half‐life in dogs and can lead to severe morbidity and mortality. This report describes the successful use of membrane‐based therapeutic plasma exchange after a massive ingestion of naproxen by a dog resulting in 86% reduction in plasma concentration.
Transforming Single‐Crystal CuO/Cu2O Nanorods into Nano‐Polycrystalline Cu/Cu2O through Lithiation
Authors: Hu Pu , Dorogov Maxim , Xin Yan , Aifantis Katerina E. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractOne‐dimensional single‐crystal CuO/Cu2O nanorods were fabricated by controlled oxidation of a copper substrate and examined as the active material in porous anodes for lithium‐ion batteries. Electrochemical testing against Li‐metal revealed that using sodium carboxyl methyl cellulose (CMC) as the binder enabled an excellent capacity retention for 50 cycles, while the use of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) resulted in a continuous capacity fade. Transmission electron microscopy illustrated the phase composition and morphological changes throughout cycling, revealing that for both types of binders, lithiation of CuO and Cu2O disrupted the single‐crystal nanorod structure, producing multiple Cu/Cu2O nanograins within the rods. With continuous cycling the average grain size of these nanocrystals decreased. A significant difference between the CMC and PVDF binder electrodes was the irreversible formation of LiCuO during delithiation for the PVDF case, which can explain the continuous capacity fade. Scanning electron microscopy also revealed microcracks throughout the electrode surface when the PVDF binder was employed.
2D Meso/Microporous Platelet Carbon Derived from Metal‐Organic frameworks and Its Application in High‐Performance Li‐S Batteries
Authors: Qian Weiwei , Zhang Hang , Xiao Hong , Zhang Lan , Chen Shimou , Gao Qiuming 
Published: June 2019

AbstractA cathode consisting of 2D homogeneous micro/mesoporous platelet carbon (MMPC) is synthesized in one step by regulated pyrolysis of metal–organic frameworks (MOF), which act as self‐templates. The uniform micro/mesoporous structure is ascribed to metal sublimation in the Zn‐based MOF during the pyrolysis process. The cathode exhibits an excellent cycling performance due to the homogeneous distribution of micro/mesopores and the 2D nanosheet structure, which does not only lead to the loading of evenly distributed, ultrafine sulfur, but also favors the depressing shuttle effect and a rapid electron transfer. Meanwhile, reduced oxide graphene (rGO) – as the conductive agent – is beneficial for the continuity of the electron‐transport path and for increasing the utilization of active materials. The optimized MMPC cathode exhibits a superior cycling stability at a rate of 1 C, with 1500 cycles, and an outstanding rate‐cycle performance with an initial discharge capacity of 670.1 mAh g−1 and a good cycling stability after 400 cycles at a rate of 5 C.
The dromedary camel displays annual variation in hypothalamic kisspeptin and Arg–Phe‐amide‐related peptide‐3 according to sex, season, and breeding activity
Authors: Ainani Hassan , El Bousmaki Najlae , Poirel Vincent‐Joseph , Achaâban Mohamed Rachid , Ouassat Mohammed , Piro Mohammed , Klosen Paul , Simonneaux Valérie , El Allali Khalid 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe dromedary camel (Camelus dromedarius) is a desert mammal whose cycles in reproductive activity ensure that the offspring's birth and weaning coincide with periods of abundant food resources and favorable climate conditions. In this study, we assessed whether kisspeptin (Kp) and arginine–phenylalanine (RF)‐amide related peptide‐3 (RFRP‐3), two hypothalamic peptides known to regulate the mammalian hypothalamo‐pituitary gonadal axis, may be involved in the seasonal control of camel's reproduction. Using specific antibodies and riboprobes, we found that Kp neurons are present in the preoptic area (POA), suprachiasmatic (SCN), and arcuate (ARC) nuclei, and that RFRP‐3 neurons are present in the paraventricular (PVN), dorsomedial (DMH), and ventromedial (VMH) hypothalamic nuclei. Kp fibers are found in various hypothalamic areas, notably the POA, SCN, PVN, DMH, VMH, supraoptic nucleus, and the ventral and dorsal premammillary nucleus. RFRP‐3 fibers are found in the POA, SCN, PVN, DMH, VMH, and ARC. POA and ARC Kp neurons and DMH RFRP‐3 neurons display sexual dimorphism with more neurons in female than in male. Both neuronal populations display opposed seasonal variations with more Kp neurons and less RFRP‐3 neurons during the breeding (December–January) than the nonbreeding (July–August) season. This study is the first describing Kp and RFRP‐3 in the camel's brain with, during the winter period lower RFRP‐3 expression and higher Kp expression possibly responsible for the HPG axis activation. Altogether, our data indicate the involvement of both Kp and RFRP‐3 in the seasonal control of the dromedary camel's breeding activity.
A bidirectional trace simplification approach based on a context switch linked list for concurrent programs
Authors: Bo Lili , Jiang Shujuan , Wang Rongcun , Yu Qiao 
Published: June 2019

SummaryConcurrent programs are notoriously difficult to debug due to shared memory and the non‐determined nature of thread scheduling. Frequent context switches add a huge burden on developers in reasoning about concurrency bugs. To alleviate this problem, we present a bidirectional trace simplification approach based on a context switch linked list. First, we calculate the dependence relations, including local dependences, synchronization dependences, and remote read/write dependences. Second, we construct a context switch linked list according to the original buggy trace. Then, we backward refactor the context switch linked list in sequence to extend thread execution intervals. Finally, we forward check the context switch linked list in sequence to ensure that no nodes can be further merged. We have conducted experiments on eight Java multi‐threaded programs to evaluate our approach. The results show that our approach performs better than or is comparable to the compared static approaches in effectiveness and efficiency.
Electrodeposition at Highly Negative Potentials of an Iron‐Cobalt Oxide Catalyst for Use in Electrochemical Water Splitting
Authors: Sayeed Md Abu , O'Mullane Anthony P. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractEarth‐abundant transition metal‐based catalysts have been extensively investigated for their applicability in water electrolysers to enable overall water splitting to produce clean hydrogen and oxygen. In this study a Fe−Co based catalyst is electrodeposited in 30 seconds under vigorous hydrogen evolution conditions to produce a high surface area material that is active for both the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). This catalyst can achieve high current densities of 600 mAcm−2 at an applied potential of 1.6 V (vs RHE) in 1 M NaOH with a Tafel slope value of 48 mV dec−1 for the OER. In addition, the HER can be facilitated at current densities as high as 400 mA cm−2 due to the large surface area of the material. The materials were found to be predominantly amorphous but did contain crystalline regions of CoFe2O4 which became more evident after the OER indicating interesting compositional and structural changes that occur to the catalyst after an electrocatalytic reaction. This rapid method of creating a bimetallic oxide electrode for both the HER and OER could possibly be adopted to other bimetallic oxide systems suitable for electrochemical water splitting.
FCMPASS Software Aids Extracellular Vesicle Light Scatter Standardization
Authors: Welsh Joshua A. , Horak Peter , Wilkinson James S. , Ford Verity J. , Jones Jennifer C. , Smith David , Holloway Judith A. , Englyst Nicola A. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe study of extracellular vesicles (EVs) is a rapidly growing field due to their great potential in many areas of clinical medicine including diagnostics, prognostics, theranostics, and therapeutics. Flow cytometry is currently one of the most popular methods of analyzing EVs due to it being a high‐throughput, multiparametric technique, that is readily available in the majority of research labs. Despite its wide use, few commercial flow cytometers are designed specifically for the detection of EVs. Many flow cytometers used for EV analysis are working at their detection limits and are unable to detect the majority of EVs. Currently, very little standardization exists for EV flow cytometry, which is an issue because flow cytometers vary considerably in the way they collect scattered or fluorescent light from particles being interrogated. This makes published research hard to interpret, compare, and in some cases, impossible to reproduce. Here we demonstrate a method of flow cytometer light scatter standardization, utilizing flow cytometer postacquisition analysis software (FCMPASS). FCMPASS is built upon Mie theory and enables the approximation of flow cytometer geometric parameters either by analyzing beads of known diameter and refractive index or by inputting the collection angle if known. The software is then able to create a scatter‐diameter curve and scatter‐refractive index curve that enables researchers to convert scattering data and instrument sensitivity into standardized units. Furthermore, with the correct controls, light scatter data can be converted to diameter distributions or refractive index distributions. FCMPASS therefore offers a freely available and ergonomic method of standardizing and further extending EV characterization using flow cytometry.
Flying south: Foraging locations of the Hutton's shearwater (Puffinus huttoni) revealed by Time‐Depth Recorders and GPS tracking
Authors: Bennet Della G. , Horton Travis W. , Goldstien Sharyn J. , Rowe Lindsay , Briskie James V. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract

The Hutton's shearwater Puffinus huttoni is an endangered seabird endemic to Kaikōura, New Zealand, but the spatial and temporal aspects of its at‐sea foraging behavior are not well known.

To identify foraging areas and estimate trip durations, we deployed Global Positioning Systems (GPS) devices and Time‐Depth Recorders (TDR) on 26 adult Hutton's shearwaters during the chick‐rearing period in 2017 and 2018.

We found Hutton's shearwaters traveled much further from their breeding grounds at Kaikōura than previously considered, with most individuals foraging in coastal and oceanic areas 125–365 km south and near Banks Peninsula. Trip durations varied from 1 to 15 days (mean = 5 days), and total track lengths varied from 264 to 2,157 km (mean = 1092.9 km).

Although some diving occurred in near‐shore waters near the breeding colony, most foraging was concentrated in four regions south of Kaikōura. Dive durations averaged 23.2 s (range 8.1 to 71.3 s) and dive depths averaged 7.1 m (range 1.5 to 30 m). Foraging locations had higher chlorophyll a levels and shallower water depths than nonforaging locations. Birds did not feed at night, but tended to raft in areas with deeper water than foraging locations.

Mapping the spatial and temporal distribution of Hutton's shearwaters at sea will be fundamental to their conservation, as it can reveal potential areas of overlap with fisheries and other industrial users of the marine environment.
Multiple introductions and population structure during the rapid expansion of the invasive Sahara mustard (Brassica tournefortii)
Authors: Winkler Daniel E. , Chapin Kenneth J. , François Olivier , Garmon J. David , Gaut Brandon S. , Huxman Travis E. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe specific mechanisms that result in the success of any species invasion case are difficult to document. Reproductive strategies are often cited as a primary driver of invasive success, with human activities further facilitating invasions by, for example, acting as seed vectors for dispersal via road, train, air, and marine traffic, and by producing efficient corridors for movement including canals, drainages, and roadways. Sahara mustard (Brassica tournefortii) is a facultative autogamous annual native to Eurasia that has rapidly invaded the southwestern United States within the past century, displacing natives, and altering water‐limited landscapes in the southwest. We used a genotyping‐by‐sequencing approach to study the population structure and spatial geography of Sahara mustard from 744 individuals from 52 sites across the range of the species’ invasion. We also used herbaria records to model range expansion since its initial introduction in the 1920s. We found that Sahara mustard occurs as three populations in the United States unstructured by geography, identified three introduction sites, and combined herbaria records with genomic analyses to map the spread of the species. Low genetic diversity and linkage disequilibrium are consistent with self‐fertilization, which likely promoted rapid invasive spread. Overall, we found that Sahara mustard experienced atypical expansion patterns, with a relatively constant rate of expansion and without the lag phase that is typical of many invasive species.
Prevalence of diabetes and cardio‐metabolic risk factors in young men in the United Arab Emirates: A cross‐sectional national survey
Authors: Alzaabi Ashraf , Al‐Kaabi Juma , Al‐Maskari Fatma , Farhood Ahmed Faisal , Ahmed Luai A. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractIntroductionThe aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of cardio‐metabolic risk factors in men under 30 in the United Arab Emirates.MethodsThis cross‐sectional observational study included 33 327 Emirati men aged 18‐29 attending an obligatory standardized medical examination between May 2015 and February 2017. Body mass index, fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, triglycerides and blood pressure were assessed.ResultsOverall, 7720 subjects (24.4%) were overweight and 8835 (28.0%) obese. The age‐adjusted prevalence was 4.7% [95% CI: 4.4‐5.0] for diabetes, 41.3% [40.6‐41.9] for impaired fasting glucose, 5.5% [5.2‐5.8] for hypercholesterolaemia (total cholesterol ≥ 240 mg/dL), 11.5% [11.1%‐12.0%] for hypertriglyceridaemia (≥150 mg/dL) and 10.4% [10.0%‐10.8%] for hypertension (diastolic or systolic blood pressure—or both—above upper limit of normal). These conditions were already present in the youngest age groups and rise progressively and rapidly with age. Of the 26 648 subjects with valid data for all cardio‐metabolic risk factors, 16 563 subjects (62.2%) presented ≥ 1 factor, 6392 subjects presented ≥2 factors (24.0%) and 63 (0.2%) presented all five. Patients who were obese were more likely to present multiple cardio‐metabolic risk factors and to have hypertension (P < 0.0001). All cardio‐metabolic risk factors were highly correlated with each other.ConclusionsThis national cohort study in the UAE revealed that obesity, diabetes, impaired fasting glucose, hypercholesterolaemia, triglyceridaemia and hypertension are already highly prevalent in young adulthood. Public health initiatives are required to address these and to anticipate the future burden of diabetes and major cardiovascular disease for which these men are at high risk.
A new experimental model of muscle pain in humans based on short‐wave diathermy
Authors: Mista Christian A. , Laugero Silvio J. , Adur Javier F. , Andersen Ole K. , Biurrun Manresa José A. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackgroundExperimental models of pain in humans are crucial for understanding pain mechanisms. The most often used muscle pain models involve the injection of algesic substances, such as hypertonic saline solution or nerve growth factor or the induction of delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) by an unaccustomed exercise routine. However, these models are either invasive or take substantial time to develop, and the elicited level of pain/soreness is difficult to control. To overcome these shortcomings, we propose to elicit muscle pain by a localized application of short‐wave diathermy (SWD).MethodsIn this crossover study, SWD was administered to 18 healthy volunteers to the wrist extensor muscle group, with a constant stimulation intensity and up to 4 min. Pressure pain threshold (PPT), pinprick sensitivity (PPS) and self‐reported muscle soreness were assessed at baseline and at 0, 30 and 60 min after application of SWD.ResultsSWD evoked localized muscle pain/soreness in the wrist extensor muscle group and a decrease of PPT in the treated arm compared with the control arm that lasted for at least 60 min, reflecting ongoing hyperalgesia after SWD application. PPS was not significantly altered 30–60 min following SWD, suggesting a minimal contribution from skin tissue to sustained hyperalgesia.ConclusionsSWD was able to elicit muscle soreness and hyperalgesia up to 60 min after its application. Thus, this new model represents a promising tool for investigating muscle pain in humans.SignificanceThis study presents an experimental model to elicit sustained muscle pain based on short‐wave diathermy. The main advantages of the model are its noninvasiveness, the possibility to control stimulation parameters in a reliable way and the convenience of the time frame in which pain and hyperalgesia are developed.
Danish Fisheries and Aquaculture: Past, Present, and Future
Authors: Skov Christian , Berg Søren , Eigaard Ole Ritzau , Jessen Troels Kjeldberg , Skov Peter Vilhelm 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Denmark has long fisheries and aquaculture traditions. Today, the marine commercial fishery has three major fleet categories with respect to the type of target species: (1) fisheries for industrial fish species, (2) fisheries for pelagic fish species that are intended for human consumption, and (3) fisheries for demersal fish and shellfish species that are intended for human consumption. Recreational fisheries are widespread and dominated by angling but also include net gear fishing and spearfishing. A mandatory national license system for recreational fishers has been in place since 1987. This system finances research as well as management initiatives, such as stocking and habitat restoration, the latter especially in relation to streams. Written evidence of aquaculture in Denmark dates back to 1241. Presently, production is dominated by land-based facilities producing Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus mykiss. Here we present a short review of the history of these three fishery sectors, including examples of their cultural importance as well as their current state and future perspectives.
Comparison of pulsed vacuum and ultrasound osmotic dehydration on drying of Chinese ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe): Drying characteristics, antioxidant capacity, and volatile profiles
Authors: An Kejing , Tang Daobang , Wu Jijun , Fu Manqin , Wen Jing , Xiao Gengsheng , Xu Yujuan 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe effects of pulsed vacuum osmotic dehydration (PVOD) and ultrasound osmotic dehydration (USOD) on drying characteristics and quality attributes of ginger were investigated. PVOD was subjected to pulsed vacuum at 13 kPa for 30 min, and USOD was subjected to ultrasound with the frequency of 40 kHz for 30 min. After PVOD and USOD treatments, the samples were then dried at intermittent microwave & air‐drying oven with an output of 700 W and temperature of 60°C to the final moisture content of 0.12 g water/g d.w. The results showed PVOD and USOD treatments could improve the total phenolic contents by −1.8% to 16.4%, total flavonoid content by 7.7%–18.7%, DPPH radical scavenging by 9.5%–12.2%, and ABTS+ antioxidant activity by 17.8%–27.4%, although they prolonged the later stages drying of ginger. Besides, the PVOD‐ and USOD‐pretreated dried samples had less brownings than the untreated‐dried samples which could be attributed to the inactivation of polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and peroxidase (POD). The PPO activity was significantly reduced in the PVOD and USOD ginger, whereas POD activity was decreased in USOD ginger but increased in PVOD ginger. Moreover, PVOD pretreatment also led to a better preservation of volatile profiles and cell structure than USOD treatment. Therefore, both PVOD and USOD are effective pretreatments for drying of ginger.