bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Politics of the Anthropocene
Authors: Dryzek John S. , Pickering Jonathan 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
The Politics of the Anthropocene is a sophisticated yet accessible treatment of how human institutions, practices, and principles need to be re-thought in response to the challenges of the Anthropocene, the emerging epoch of human-induced instability in the Earth system and its life-support capacities. However, the world remains stuck with practices and modes of thinking that were developed in the Holocene – the epoch of around 12,000 years of unusual stability in the Earth system, toward the end of which modern institutions such as states and capitalist markets arose. These institutions persist despite their potentially catastrophic failure to respond to the challenges of the Anthropocene, foremost among them a rapidly changing climate and accelerating biodiversity loss. The pathological trajectories of these institutions need to be disrupted by advancing ecological reflexivity: the capacity of structures, systems, and sets of ideas to question their own core commitments, and if necessary change themselves, while listening and responding effectively to signals from the Earth system. This book envisages a world in which humans are no longer estranged from the Earth system but engage with it in a more productive relationship. We can still pursue democracy, social justice, and sustainability – but not as before. In future, all politics should be first and foremost a politics of the Anthropocene. The arguments are developed in the context of issues such as climate change, biodiversity, and global efforts to address sustainability.
The Record Keeper
Authors: Corens Liesbeth 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
This chapter reflects on the ways in which past conceptions of mobility have shaped our knowledge and understanding of expatriate Catholics. Through a study of the multiple English Catholic record-collecting projects which converged in the decades around 1700, this chapter explores the roles of scholarship, archives, and written memory for a dispersed community. Understanding the collections not as neutral repositories, but as processes and practices indicates their role in sustaining their scattered community. Through commemoration, they consciously tried to maintain the continuity of their community, despite their dispersal across England and Europe. Behind that preoccupation with their uninterrupted line of English Catholics and English Catholic practices lay a commitment to returning England to the Catholic fold.
Epistemic Postures
Authors: Cassam Quassim 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Epistemic insouciance is an epistemic vice that takes the form of an affective epistemic posture. Epistemic insouciance is the epistemic vice behind bullshit in Harry Frankfurt’s sense. Epistemic insouciance, which consists in a casual lack of concern about whether one’s beliefs have any basis in reality or adequate evidential support, is different from epistemic malevolence. The latter is a voluntarily adopted epistemic stance rather than an affective posture. Epistemic malevolence, defined by Jason Baehr as opposition to knowledge as such or to another person’s share of knowledge, is illustrated by reference to what Naomi Oreskes and Erik Conway refer to as the ‘tobacco strategy’.
Ancient Rome and Victorian Masculinity
Authors: Eastlake Laura 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Ancient Rome and Victorian Masculinity examines Victorian receptions of ancient Rome from the French Revolution to the First World War, with a specific focus on how those receptions were deployed to create useable models of masculinity. Romans in Victorian literature were at once pagan persecutors, pious statesmen, pleasure-seeking decadents, and heroes of empire. The Roman parallel was used to capture the martial virtue of Wellington just as it was used to condemn the deviance and degeneracy of Oscar Wilde. Using approaches from literary and cultural studies, reception studies, and gender studies, this book is the first comprehensive examination of the importance of ancient Rome for Victorian ideas about masculinity. With chapters on education, politics, empire, and late Victorian decadence, it makes sense of the manifold and often contradictory representations of Rome—as distinct from Greece—in authors like Wilkie Collins, Anthony Trollope, H. Rider Haggard, Rudyard Kipling, and others.
Archaeology and the Letters of Paul
Authors: Nasrallah Laura Salah 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Through case studies of archaeological materials from local contexts, Archaeology and the Letters of Paul illuminates the social, political, economic, and religious lives of those whom the apostle Paul addressed. Roman Ephesos, a likely setting for the household of Philemon, provides evidence of the slave trade. An inscription from Galatia seeks to restrain traveling Roman officials, illuminating how the travels of Paul, Cephas, and others may have disrupted communities. At Philippi, a donation list from a Silvanus cult provides evidence of abundant giving amid economic limitations, paralleling practices of local Christ followers. In Corinth, a landscape of grief includes monuments and bones, a context that illumines Corinthian practices of baptism on behalf of the dead and the provocative idea that one could live “as if not” mourning. Rome and the Letter to the Romans are the grounds to investigate ideas of time and race not only in the first century, when we find an Egyptian obelisk inserted as a timepiece into Augustus’s mausoleum complex, but also of Mussolini’s new Rome. Thessalonikē demonstrates how letters, legend, and cult are invented out of a love for Paul, after his death. The book articulates a method for bringing together biblical texts with archaeological remains in order to reconstruct the lives of the many adelphoi—brothers and sisters—whom Paul and his co-writers address. It is informed by feminist historiography and gains inspiration from thinkers like Claudia Rankine, Judith Butler, Giorgio Agamben, Wendy Brown, and Katie Lofton.
Lysyl oxidase—a possible role in systemic sclerosis–associated pulmonary hypertension: a multicentre study
Authors: Vadasz Zahava , Balbir Gurman Alexandra , Meroni Pierluigi , Farge Dominique , Levi Yair , Ingegnoli Francesca , Braun-Moscovici Yolada , Rosner Itzhak , Slobodin Gleb , Rozenbaum Michael , Jiries Nizar , Kaly Lisa , Boulman Nina , Zilber Karina , Ginsberg Shira , Awisat Abid , Goldberg Yair , Lurie Michael , Ghigna Maria-Rosa , Guignabert Christophe , Humbert Marc , Rimar Doron 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

Objective
Lysyl oxidase (LOX) is an extracellular enzyme that cross-links collagen fibrils. LOX was found to be increased in serum of SSc patients and was suggested to be related to skin fibrosis, yet a vascular source of LOX has been demonstrated in idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (iPAH). We aimed to validate elevated LOX serum levels in SSc and to study its correlation with clinical characteristics and investigate its main source at the tissue level.

Methods
A total of 86 established SSc patients were compared with 86 patients with very early diagnosis of systemic sclerosis (VEDOSS), 110 patients with primary RP (PRP) and 80 healthy controls. LOX serum levels were determined by ELISA. Five lung and 12 skin biopsies from SSc patients were stained for LOX and compared with controls.

Results
Serum levels of LOX in SSc were significantly higher than in VEDOSS, PRP and healthy controls (P < 0.001). LOX inversely correlated with the diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide diffusing capacity (DLCO) in diffuse SSc (r = −0.376, P = 0.02). Patients with moderate to severe estimated systolic PAH had higher LOX levels (P < 0.01). Lung biopsies demonstrated intense LOX staining in SSc patients with PAH that was predominantly located in the endothelium of the remodelled pulmonary vessels.

Conclusion
Serum LOX levels are increased in established SSc and inversely correlate with the DLCO. LOX is elevated in patients with moderate to severe PAH and is located in the proliferating endothelium in lung arterioles, suggesting a possible role for LOX in SSc-associated PAH.
Estranged Pioneers: The Case of African American and Asian American Multiracial Church Pastors
Authors: Edwards Korie L , Kim Rebecca 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThis article draws upon 121 in-depth interviews from the Religious Leadership and Diversity Project (RLDP)—a nationwide study of leadership of multiracial religious organizations in the United States—to examine what it means for African American and Asian American pastors to head multiracial churches. We argue that African American and Asian American pastors of multiracial churches are estranged pioneers. They have to leave the familiar to explore a new way of doing church, but their endeavors are not valued by their home religious communities. African American pastors face challenges to their authenticity as black religious leaders for leading multiracial congregations. Asian American pastors experience a sense of ambiguity that stems from a lack of clarity about what it means for them to lead multiracial congregations as Asian Americans. Yet, despite differences in how they experience this alienation, both are left to navigate a racialized society where they are perceived and treated as inferior to their white peers, which has profound personal and social implications for them.
FDA Approves New Antiviral for Influenza
Authors: Aschenbrenner Diane S. 
Published: January 2019

Baloxavir marboxil (Xofluza) is a newly approved antiviral drug to treat influenza. It works by decreasing influenza virus replication.In clinical trials, baloxavir marboxil significantly decreased the duration of flu symptoms compared with placebo.The drug is administered as a single oral dose. It should be given no more than 48 hours after the onset of flu symptoms.Baloxavir marboxil should not be taken with dairy products, calcium-fortified beverages, laxatives, antacids, or oral supplements (such as iron, zinc, selenium, calcium, or magnesium), as these will decrease the circulating dose of the drug.
Risk Factors for Lower-Extremity Injuries in Female Ballet Dancers: A Systematic Review
Authors: L. Biernacki Jessica , Stracciolini Andrea , Fraser Joana , J. Micheli Lyle , Sugimoto Dai 
Published: January 2019

Background:
Ballet dancers have a high prevalence of injuries to the lower extremity. Many studies have investigated the relationship between dance injury and risk factors. However, risk factors for lower-extremity injury comparing recreational- and elite-level ballet dancers are scarce.

Objective:
To systematically review available original studies to assess risk factors for lower-extremity injury in female ballet dancers between recreational and elite ballet dancers.

Data Sources:
Five online databases [Web of Science, PubMed, OVID (Medline), EBSCO, and ProQuest] were searched systematically.

Study Selection:
Included studies had an analytic study design published in the past 11 years and investigated an association between potential risk factors and lower-extremity injury in female ballet dancers.

Study Appraisal:
Assessed independently by 2 reviewers using the Downs and Black (DB) criteria and Oxford Centre of Evidence-Based Medicine.

Results:
Seventeen studies were included. Alignment was a risk factor for lower-extremity injury in both recreational and elite ballet dancers. In elite ballet dancers, poor lumbopelvic movement control, inappropriate transversus abdominis contraction, decreased lower-extremity strength, and poor aerobic fitness were risk factors for lower-extremity injury. In recreational ballet dancers, hypermobility of the hip and ankle and longer training hours were risk factors for lower-extremity injury. Mean DB score was 15.94 (SD 1.57). The majority of studies were retrospective cohort studies or had poor follow-up, with 7 level 2b studies, 6 level 3b studies (cross-sectional), and 4 level 1b studies (prospective cohort with good follow-up).

Conclusions:
Alignment was identified as a common risk factor for recreational and elite ballet dancers. Other risk factors differed between recreational ballet dancers and elite ballet dancers. Future studies are warranted to use a prospective study design, identify dance level–specific risk factors, and implement evidence-based prevention strategies.
Assessment of diaphragm motion using ultrasonography in a patient with facio-scapulo-humeral dystrophy
Authors: Fayssoil Abdallah , Stojkovic Tanya , Ogna Adam , Laforet Pascal , Prigent Helene , Lofaso Frederic , Orlikowski David , Bassez Guillaume , Eymard Bruno , Behin Anthony 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

Rationale:
Diaphragm is the main inspiratory respiratory muscle and little is known about diaphragm ultrasound in facio-scapula-humeral muscular dystrophy, a neuromuscular disease characterized by an asymmetric skeletal muscle involvement.

Patient concerns:
Diaphragm function evaluation

Diagnosis:
Diaphragm muscle weakness attested by the drop of vital capacity (VC) value from sitting position (74%) to supine position (46%).

Interventions:
A diaphragm ultrasound was performed in supine position, from the anterior subcostal window

Outcomes:
We found an opposite side to side hemi diaphragm displacement, either during sniff maneuver or during deep inspiration maneuver, showing a cranial abnormal reduced motion of the right hemi diaphragm whereas the left hemi diaphragm moved caudally.

Lessons:
Diaphragm weakness may be present with an asymmetric pattern and an opposite motion during inspiration or sniff manoeuver in facio-scapula-humeral muscular dystrophy. A future study with a systematic evaluation of a greater number of FSHD1 patients will be necessary to characterize this population.
Relationship between geometric changes in mitral annular/leaflets and mitral regurgitation in patients with atrial fibrillation
Authors: Chen Xiaofeng , Li Hua , Feng Zhenhua , Tang Sha , Song Lei 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
The objective of the study was to determine the geometric changes in mitral annular and/or leaflets spatial conformation in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) complicated with severe atrial mitral regurgitation (AMR) by using real-time 3-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography, aiming to explore whether this condition could be improved through self-modulation of mitral annulus and/or leaflets after the restoration of sinus rhythm.
Fifty-five patients who were diagnosed with AMR and subject to 1-year follow-up were recruited in this clinical trial. All patients successfully received AF ablation. The intercommissural and anteroposterior diameter, annular height, mitral valve area (MVA), tenting height and volume, annular spherical index, fractional area change of MVA (MVA-FAC), and coaptation index (CP-I) were defined and measured by mitral-valve quantification software. Left ventricular size and function, maximum LA volume (LAV), and LA dimensions were equally recorded.
During 1-year follow-up, AMR was significantly decreased in patients with sinus rhythm (P < 0.001). CP-I, MVA-FAC, and LAV index were independently associated with the reduction of AMR.
AMR can be improved through the recovery of LAV after ablation, which probably affects the configuration of the annular space and the coaptation of the leaflets.
A case report of a child with sepsis induced multiorgan failure and massive complement consumption treated with a short course of Eculizumab
Authors: Galic Slobodan , Csuka Dorottya , Prohászka Zoltán , Turudic Daniel , Dzepina Petra , Milosevic Danko 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

Rationale:
This article describes a child with a life-threatening multiorgan failure with disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) and massive complement consumption. To our knowledge this therapeutic approach was for the first time effectively applied in a pediatric patient.

Patient concerns:
A 14-month-old boy was presented with a severe, rapidly progressing, life-threatening disease because of sudden onset of fever, hemathemesis, hematuria, and bloody diarrhoea alongside fast spreading hematomas and general corporeal edema.

Diagnosis:
The most plausible diagnosis in our patient is Clostridium difficile sepsis-induced thrombotic microangiopathy alongside with DIC and consumption coagulopathy. The diagnosis was confirmed by positive C difficile bacteria strain in coproculture, clinical, and laboratory tests affirming DIC and global complement activation and consumption.

Interventions:
The patient was treated with antibiotics (Metronidazole, Vancomycin), plasmapheresis, dialysis, methylprednisolone, mycophenolate mofetil, and Eculizumab.

Outcomes:
The child is in fair overall condition in a 2 year follow-up with no complications save chronic renal failure.

Lessons:
In rare cases of sepsis with massive complement consumption, a case-sensitive Eculizumab therapy may be at least considered after the resolution of life-threatening multiorgan failure. The application of this drug can be performed only after sepsis induced disease is put under control. A fast withdrawal of Eculizumab after control of massive complement consumption is recommended to prevent triggering of second sepsis reactivation.
Cytomegalovirus pneumonia in a patient with T-lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Li Qiuyu , Wang Kai , Guo Wei , Lu Ming 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

Rationale:
Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is an important treatment for hematological malignancies. Common complications are opportunistic infections and graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is one of the most common causes of opportunistic infections.

Patient concerns:
A 30-year-old male was diagnosed with T-cell lymphoma after persistent cough and lymphadenopathy. Fever, abdominal pain, diarrhea, rash, and dyspnea occurred after HSCT.

Diagnosis:
The young man developed severe CMV infection with CMV detected in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and gastrointestinal tract.

Interventions:
Intravenous ganciclovir and high-dose glucocorticoids were administered after the patient was diagnosed with CMV pneumonia and enteritis.

Outcomes:
After 3 weeks, the young man died from respiratory failure and infectious toxic shock caused by severe CMV infection.

Lessons:
Patients after HSCT should be closely monitored CMV-DNA in blood and other specimen, and treated first if necessary, so as to avoid the occurrence of severe infections such as CMV gastroenteritis and pneumonia.
A case report of primary osteosarcoma originating from kidney
Authors: Huang Changkun , Zhu Xuan , Xiong Wei , Zhao Xiaokun , Xu Ran 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

Rationale:
Primary osteosarcoma of the kidney is a very rare subtype of renal neoplasms. There are only 27 cases reported in the literature since 1936. In addition, it has a high risk of metastasis and very low survival rate.

Patient's concerns:
In this report, we present a case of unique large osteosarcoma originated from the left kidney (21 cm × 18 cm × 11 cm) with lung metastasis. A 48-year-old female patient presented with intermittent abdominal distension and gross hematuria.

Diagnoses:
A computed tomography scan of the abdomen confirmed a large solid, partly calcified mass in the left retroperitoneum, with lung metastasis (IV stage according to AJCC). The radical nephrectomy was performed. The postoperation immunohistochemical analysis supporting the diagnosis of osteosarcoma.

Interventions:
The patient received chemotherapy with ifosfamide, cisplatinum, pirarubicin and then target therapy with anlotinib (12 mg per day, per os; days 1–14; 21 days per cycle) after surgery.

Outcomes:
The patient was followed up for 26 months, with no postoperative complications, no tumor recurrence, and no progress in pulmonary metastasis.

Lessons:
The case reported here is a unique large osteosarcoma originated from the kidney (21 cm × 18 cm × 11 cm) at an advanced stage (IV). However, the patient's condition was controlled for at least 26 months after surgical resection and postoperative chemotherapy, which had never been reported in the literature before. Additionally, 3 mutated genes were found in the tissue by genetic testing, which we suspect that is the reason why this patient is sensitive to chemotherapy and thus has longer survival.
Trimester-specific reference ranges for thyroid hormones in pregnant women
Authors: Zhang Daowen , Cai Keying , Wang Guixia , Xu Shuhang , Mao Xiaodong , Zheng Ang , Liu Chao , Fan Kuanlu 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the trimester-specific reference range of thyroid function in Nanjing.
A total of 805 pregnant women in the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd trimesters were recruited in the prospective, observational study during their routine antenatal clinic visit and 282 nonpregnant subjects served as controls. A questionnaire was completed by the subjects to record their personal health history, family history of thyroid disease, and consumption of estrogen or antithyroid drugs. Thyroid palpation was performed to exclude the thyroid goiter. Thyroid function and urine iodine were measured by chemiluminescence and arsenic cerium analysis.
The trimester-specific reference ranges in Nanjing were as follows: thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) 0.02 to 3.78 mIU/L, free thyroxine (FT4) 13.93 to 26.49 pmol/L, total thyroxine (TT4) 103.39 to 319.43 nmol/L in the 1st trimester. TSH 0.47 to 3.89 mIU/L, FT4 12.33 to 19.33 pmol/L, TT4 92.28 to 234.88 nmol/L in the 2nd trimester. TSH 0.55 to 4.91 mIU/L, FT4 11.38 to 19.21 pmol/L, TT4 83.54 to 258.12 nmol/L in the 3rd trimester. According to the TSH reference range recommended by American Thyroid Association (ATA), the prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism, subclinical hyperthyroidism, hyperthyroidism, hypothyroxinemia, and thyroid peroxidase antibody-positive were 12.42%, 0.50%, 0.99%, 1.61%, and 11.80%, respectively, prevalence according to the trimester-specific reference range were 1.99%, 0.25%, 1.61%, 0.37%, and 1.61%, respectively, which showed elevated hypothyroxinemia incidence and declined incidence of subclinical hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism.
Trimester-specific reference range varied from that of ATA's recommendation, influencing the diagnosis, and treatment of pregnant thyroid disorders. To detect and control these disorders properly, setting up trimester-specific reference is clinically essential.