bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The turn to employees in the measurement of human resource practices: A critical review and proposed way forward
Authors: Beijer Susanne , Peccei Riccardo , van Veldhoven Marc , Paauwe Jaap 
Published: February 2019

AbstractAlthough initially studies examining human resource management (HRM)–outcome relationships only used management‐based ratings of HR practices, arguments have been advanced in favour of using employee‐based ratings. To examine this, a systematic analysis of HRM–outcome studies published between 2000 and 2017 is performed, which shows that over time studies have indeed increasingly made use of employees as respondents to measures of human resource (HR) practices. An in‐depth analysis of these measures of perceived HR practices revealed that various problems and issues can be identified when critically reviewing these measures. It is observed that considerable idiosyncrasy exists in measures of perceived HR practices, coupled with a lack of transparency in how these measures are often reported in existing studies. Also, a mixture of evaluative and descriptive items creates concerns about jingle fallacies in extant research and in turn about the validity of HRM–outcome results. Recommendations are provided to further advance the measurement and conceptualisation of this core construct.
Presence of serum autoantibodies to vacuolar H+‐ATPase in patients with renal tubular acidosis
Authors: Xu Chao , Li Yanping , Ying Hui , Pan Yan , Shi Ranran , Lin Xiaoyan , Gao Ling 
Published: March 2019

AbstractObjectiveConcomitant presence of renal tubular acidosis (RTA) and autoimmune diseases is indicative of the potential role of immune factors in the pathogenesis of RTA. Our study aimed to detect the serum antibodies to renal tubular epithelial cells in RTA patients.MethodsWe enrolled 11 RTA patients, eight primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) patients and eight healthy controls (HC). Serum biochemical test, urinary regular test, and 24 hours urinary protein quantification were measured using a fully automated analyzer. Immunofluorescence assay was performed to detect the antibodies to subunit B1 and subunit B2 of v‐H+‐ATPases (adenosine triphosphatases) in the serum of the participants.ResultsClinically, RTA patients showed hyperchloremia, acidosis and paradoxical alkaline urine. We detected the serum antibodies to renal tubular epithelial cells and there were 6/11 positive in RTA patients, much higher than that in the pSS group (0/8) and the HC group (0/8). Subsequently, we demonstrated that in normal renal tissue, the B1 subunit of v‐H+‐ATPase specifically expressed in intercalated cells, while the B2 subunit continuously expressed along the lumen of renal tubular epithelial cells. Moreover, the antibody to subunit B1/B2 of v‐H+‐ATPase was positive in the sera of 6 RTA patients (54%), while it was negative in both the pSS and HC group.ConclusionsWe detected the presence of serum autoantibodies to subunit B1 and subunit B2 of v‐H+‐ATPase in RTA patients. Our findings may provide novel mechanism insights into the pathogenesis of RTA and the potential diagnostic utility of antibodies to v‐H+‐ATPase in the classification of RTA.
ING5 inhibits lung cancer invasion and epithelial–mesenchymal transition by inhibiting the WNT/β‐catenin pathway
Authors: Liu Xin‐Li , Meng Jin , Zhang Xu‐Tao , Liang Xiao‐Hua , Zhang Feng , Zhao Guan‐Ren , Zhang Tao 
Published: February 2019

BackgroundING5 is the last member of the Inhibitor of Growth (ING) candidate tumor suppressor family that has been implicated in multiple cellular functions, including cell cycle regulation, apoptosis, and chromatin remodeling. Our previous study showed that ING5 overexpression inhibits lung cancer aggressiveness and epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), with unknown mechanisms.MethodsWestern blotting was used to detect total and phosphorylated levels of β‐catenin and EMT‐related proteins. Immunofluorescent staining was used to observe E‐cadherin expression. Proliferation and colony formation, wound healing, and Transwell migration and invasion assays were performed to study the proliferative and invasive abilities of cancer cells.ResultsING5 overexpression promotes phosphorylation of β‐catenin at Ser33/37, leading to a decreased β‐catenin protein level. Small hairpin RNA‐mediated ING5 knockdown significantly increased the β‐catenin level and inhibited phosphorylation of β‐catenin S33/37. Treatment with the WNT/β‐catenin inhibitor XAV939 inhibited ING5‐knockdown promoted proliferation, colony formation, migration, and invasion of lung cancer A549 cells, with increased phosphorylation of β‐catenin S33/37 and a decreased β‐catenin level. XAV939 also impaired ING5‐knockdown‐induced EMT, as indicated by upregulated expression of the EMT marker E‐cadherin, an epithelial marker; and decreased expression of N‐cadherin, a mesenchymal marker, and EMT‐related transcription factors, including Snail, Slug, Twist, and Smad3. Furthermore, XAV939 could inhibit the activation of both IL‐6/STAT3 and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways.ConclusionING5 inhibits lung cancer invasion and EMT by inhibiting the WNT/β‐catenin pathway.
Vertebrate consumption and dispersal of the Nothofagaceae associated ascomycete Cyttaria
Authors: Elliott Todd F. , Elliott Kelsey 
Published: March 2019

AbstractFungi are an important food source for a diversity of vertebrates and invertebrates around the world and in turn, these animals play a key part in the dispersal of many fungi. These associations have been most thoroughly studied between mammals and truffles. In this natural history note, we provide the first report of mycophagy by the Australian King‐Parrot (Alisterus scapularis) and the first documentation of wildlife consumption of the genus Cyttaria in Australia. We also review the literature regarding use of this southern hemisphere endemic genus Cyttaria for food by vertebrates and how these associations may impact its dispersal.
Effects of breed and different lipid dietary supplements on beef quality
Authors: Mordenti Attilio L. , Brogna Nico , Canestrari Giorgia , Bonfante Elena , Eusebi Stefano , Mammi Ludovica M. E. , Giaretta Elisa , Formigoni Andrea 
Published: March 2019

AbstractFocus of this study was to evaluate the most suitable breed/crossbred and the appropriate nutritional strategies to increase marbling in beef muscle and to improve its healthy properties, in particular the n‐3 fatty acids content. One hundred and seventy‐six heifers of three crossbreed commonly reared by Emilia‐Romagna farmers: 48 Bleu Belge × Freisian (ITA), 48 Charolais × Aubrac (FRA), and 80 Angus (ANG) were used. Animals of each breed were randomly subdivided in two experimental groups that received two diets, differing for the dietary lipid source. Control group (C) received a basal diet containing protected vegetable fats, whereas treated one (T) received the same basal diet supplemented with 0.9 kg/head/day of extruded flaxseed. After slaughtering, a sample of Longissimus thoracis was collected from each animal for meat quality analysis. Our results demonstrated that, in a shorter fattening period, ANG animals obtained the best dry matter intake, average daily gain and the best fattening scores. ITA and ANG meat presented the highest marbling scores. ANG breed had the highest amount of C18:1, the highest unsaturated/saturated fatty acids ratio and the lowest n‐6/n‐3 ratio. The T animals, independently from breed, showed the highest amount of α‐linolenic acid (ALA). In addition, ANG‐T meat presented the highest ALA content.
Effect of feeding wood kraft pulp on the growth performance, feed digestibility, blood components, and rumen fermentation in Japanese Black fattening steers
Authors: Maeda Yuka , Nishimura Keiko , Kurosu Kazuhiro , Mizuguchi Hitoshi , Sato Shigeru , Terada Fuminori , Kushibiki Shiro 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThis study aimed to examine the effects of feeding kraft pulp (KP) on the growth performance, feed digestibility, and rumen fermentation of Japanese Black fattening steers. Ten Japanese Black fattening steers (aged 26 months) were randomly divided into control and KP groups. The control group (n = 5) was fed concentrate feed without KP, and the KP group (n = 5) was fed concentrate feed containing 10% KP. Both the groups were provided rice straw as roughage. The experiment was conducted over a period of 12 weeks. There was no significant difference in dry matter intake, daily body weight gain, and nutrient digestibility between both groups. No difference was observed in the ruminal concentrations of volatile fatty acids among the groups. At weeks 8 and 12 after the onset of the experiment, the acetate‐to‐propionate ratio in the ruminal fluid of the KP group was significantly higher than that of the control group. The average daily pH of ruminal fluid and activity of ruminal lipopolysaccharide did not differ between the groups. Our results suggested that the growth performance and feed digestibility in the Japanese Black fattening steers were not influenced by replacing concentrate feed with KP.
The Consequence of Ethical Criticism of Intelligence on Countering Terrorism in Indonesia
Authors: Wicaksana I Gede Wahyu 
Published: February 2019

The global war on terror has raised debates between liberals and realists on the position of ethics in intelligence operations. On the one hand, liberal ethicists insist that the conduct of intelligence gathering to counter terrorism must not violate the security rights of citizens. On the other hand, proponents of realism consider national security to be of greater importance than ethical principles governing individual freedom. This article tries to present an alternative point of view by examining the consequence of ethical criticisms of intelligence activities on the Indonesian government’s counterterrorism measures. It proposes two approaches to understanding the connection between ethics and intelligence: examining the nature of the terror threat, and looking at the sociopolitical situations which affect the role of the state’s security agencies. Arguably, securitizing intelligence by enforcing an ethical reconceptualization of intelligence roles increases the challenges facing Indonesia’s intelligence operatives and damages the effectiveness of the government’s counterterrorism policy.
Zinc and vitamin A deficiency in a cohort of children with autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Sweetman Deirdre U. , O'Donnell Sinead M. , Lalor Annette , Grant Tim , Greaney Hilary 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesStudies suggest that trace element and vitamin deficiencies are common in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Data describing the rates of vitamin and trace element deficiencies in the ASD population of the northwest of Ireland is lacking. We wished to determine the prevalence of zinc and vitamin A deficiency in the ASD population compared with controls within this geographical area.MethodsParents of children aged 2–18 years with ASD were invited to participate in the study. The control group consisted of well children attending the paediatric department for routine blood sampling. Children on vitamin supplements were excluded from both ASD and control groups. Informed written consent was obtained prior to recruitment. Samples were analysed for zinc and vitamin A levels according to standardized laboratory procedures.ResultsSeventy‐four of the 150 children with ASD who were invited and 72 controls underwent blood sampling. Mean zinc and vitamin A levels were normal in both groups. There were significantly more males in the ASD group (88% versus 56%,pvalue < 0.001). The mean (SD) zinc level was not different between the groups (ASD 11.7 [1.7] versus control 11.6 [2.1] μmol/L,pvalue = 0.86). The mean (standard deviation) vitamin A level was higher in the ASD group (ASD 350.6 [82.6] versus 319.2 [82.8] μg/L,pvalue = 0.03), but this was likely confounded by age.ConclusionChildren with ASD in the northwest of Ireland have mean zinc and vitamin A levels within the normal range. It is important that these findings are relayed to health professionals and to parents of children with ASD so that informed decisions on vitamin supplementation can be made.
Prognostic biomarkers for immunotherapy with ipilimumab in metastatic melanoma
Authors: Nyakas M , Aamdal E , Jacobsen K D , Guren T K , Aamdal S , Hagene K T , Brunsvig P , Yndestad A , Halvorsen B , Tasken K A , Aukrust P , Mælandsmo G M , Ueland T 
Published: March 2019

Summary
New therapies, including the anti-cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen (CTLA)-4 antibody, ipilimumab, is approved for metastatic melanoma. Prognostic biomarkers need to be identified, because the treatment has serious side effects. Serum samples were obtained before and during treatment from 56 patients with metastatic or unresectable malignant melanoma, receiving treatment with ipilimumab in a national Phase IV study (NCT0268196). Expression of a panel of 17 inflammatory-related markers reflecting different pathways including extracellular matrix remodeling and fibrosis, vascular inflammation and monocyte/macrophage activation were measured at baseline and the second and/or third course of treatment with ipilimumab. Six candidate proteins [endostatin, osteoprotegerin (OPG), C-reactive protein (CRP), pulmonary and activation-regulated chemokine (PARC), growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) and galectin-3 binding-protein (Gal3BP)] were persistently higher in non-survivors. In particular, high Gal3BP and endostatin levels were also independently associated with poor 2-year survival after adjusting for lactate dehydrogenase, M-stage and number of organs affected. A 1 standard deviation increase in endostatin gave 1·74 times [95% confidence interval (CI) = 1·10–2·78, P = 0·019] and for Gal3BP 1·52 times (95% CI = 1·01–2·29, P = 0·047) higher risk of death in the adjusted model. Endostatin and Gal3BP may represent prognostic biomarkers for patients on ipilimumab treatment in metastatic melanoma and should be further evaluated. Owing to the non-placebo design, we could only relate our findings to prognosis during ipilimumab treatment.
Buccal fat pad‐derived stem cells with anorganic bovine bone mineral scaffold for augmentation of atrophic posterior mandible: An exploratory prospective clinical study
Authors: Khojasteh Arash , Hosseinpour Sepanta , Rezai Rad Maryam , Alikhasi Marzieh , Zadeh Homayoun H. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBackgroundApplication of adipose‐derived stem cells originated from buccal fat pad (BFP) can simplify surgical procedures and diminish clinical risks compared to large autograft harvesting.PurposeThis study sought to evaluate and compare the efficacy of buccal fat pad‐derived stem cells (BFPSCs) in combination with anorganic bovine bone mineral (ABBM) for vertical and horizontal augmentation of atrophic posterior mandibles.Materials and MethodsFourteen patients with atrophic posterior mandible were elected for this prospective exploratory study. BFP (3‐5 mL) was harvested and BFPSCs were isolated and combined with ABBM at 50% ratio. The vertical and horizontal alveolar deficiencies were augmented by 50% mixture of ABBM with either BFPSCs (group 1) or particulated autologous bone (group 2). Titanium mesh was contoured to the desired 3D shape of the alveolar ridge and fixated to the host sites over the graft material of the two groups. At first, the amount of new bone areas was calculated by quantitative analysis of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images that were taken 6 months postoperatively according to regenerative techniques (group 1 vs group 2 without considering the type of bone defects). Second, these amounts were calculated in each group based on the type of defects.ResultsQuantitative analysis of CBCT images revealed the areas of new bone formation were 169.5 ± 5.90 mm2 and 166.75 ± 10.05 mm2 in groups 1 and 2, respectively. The area of new bone formation for vertical defects were 164.91 ± 3.74 mm2 and 169.36 ± 12.09 mm2 in groups 1 and 2, respectively. The area of new bone formation for horizontal deficiencies were 170.51 ± 4.54 mm2 and 166.98 ± 9.36 mm2 in groups 1 and 2, respectively. There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in any of the pair‐wise comparisons (P > 0.05).ConclusionsThe findings of the present study demonstrated lack of difference in bone volume formation between BFPSCs and autologous particulate bone in combination with ABBM. If confirmed by future large‐scale clinical trial, BFPSCs may provide an alternative to autogenous bone for reconstruction of alveolar ridge defects.
Isotopes in teeth and a cryptic population of coastal freshwater seals
Authors: Brennan Sean R. , Fernandez Diego P. , Burns Jennifer M. , Aswad Stephanie , Schindler Daniel E. , Cerling Thure E. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractHuman activities threaten the biodiversity of aquatic mammals across the globe. Conservation of these species hinges on the ability to delineate movements and foraging behaviors of animals, but gaining such insights is hampered by difficulties in tracing individuals over their lives. We determined isotope ratios in teeth (87Sr/86Sr, 13C/12C, and 18O/16O) to examine lifelong movement and resource‐use patterns of a unique freshwater population of a wide‐ranging pinniped species (harbor seal [Phoca vitulina]) that resides in Iliamna Lake, Alaska (U.S.A.). This population's potentially unique migratory behavior and use of different trophic resources are unknown. The isotope ratios we measured in teeth showed that seals were born in the lake, remained lifelong residents, and relied principally on resources produced from in the lake, even when seasonally abundant and nutrient‐dense spawning anadromous fish (i.e., sockeye salmon [Oncorhynchus nerka]) were available in the lake. Our results illustrate how serial isotope records in teeth, particularly 87Sr/86Sr ratios, can be used to quantify how coastal mammal populations exploit both freshwater and marine ecosystems. Understanding lifelong patterns of habitat and resource use is essential information when designing effective conservation plans for threatened coastal mammals. We present the Iliamna Lake harbor seals as a unique case study into how isotope records within teeth can help reveal the cryptic ecology of such a population residing in an intact ecosystem. The results also provide critical baseline information for the Kvichak River system, which is facing an uncertain future due to proposed large‐scale industrial development and a rapidly changing climate.
Clinical pharmacology study of ipragliflozin in Japanese patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus: A phase 2, randomized, placebo‐controlled trial
Authors: Kaku Kohei , Isaka Hiroyuki , Toyoshima Junko , Sakatani Taishi 
Published: March 2019

AimTo evaluate the pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics, and safety of the novel oral sodium‐glucose co‐transporter‐2 inhibitor, ipragliflozin, in Japanese patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus.Materials and methodsWe conducted a multicentre, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, parallel‐group study. Patients were randomized to receive 25, 50, or 100 mg/day ipragliflozin or placebo for 2 weeks. Key pharmacokinetic endpoints included area under the concentration‐time curve 24 hours postdose (AUC24h), maximum plasma concentration (Cmax), and renal clearance. Key pharmacodynamic endpoints included 24‐hour urinary glucose excretion, mean plasma glucose AUC0‐24h, and mean renal glucose clearance. Changes in total, basal, and bolus insulin dosages were recorded. Adverse events (AEs) were monitored for safety.ResultsDose‐dependent increases were observed in AUC24h and Cmax on days 1 and 14 for 25‐, 50‐, and 100‐mg ipragliflozin. The mean plasma glucose AUC0‐24h was lower than that of placebo and the mean renal glucose clearance increased in a dose‐dependent manner from baseline, but remained unchanged in the placebo group. The mean (standard deviation) change from baseline in total daily insulin dose was greater in the ipragliflozin 25‐, 50‐, and 100‐mg groups (−14.77 ± 14.04%, −18.40 ± 12.49% and −19.25 ± 16.77%, respectively), than placebo (−4.51 ± 16.28%). Most AEs were mild in severity; no patients discontinued the study because of treatment‐emergent AEs.ConclusionsThe pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of ipragliflozin in Japanese patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus were confirmed. Increases in urinary glucose excretion lead to dose‐dependent decreases in plasma glucose. Concomitant insulin dose decreased with ipragliflozin treatment. No clinically relevant safety concerns were identified.
Genetic and epigenetic alteration of the programmed cell death 1 in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Tseng Chia‐Chun , Lin Yuan‐Zhao , Lin Chia‐Hui , Li Ruei‐Nian , Tsai Wen‐Chan , Ou Tsan‐Teng , Wu Cheng‐Chin , Sung Wan‐Yu , Yen Jeng‐Hsien 
Published: February 2019

AbstractBackgroundRheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease where both genetics and epigenetics are contributing factors. In order to discover genetic and epigenetic associations with RA and its phenotypes, we analysed RNA expression, DNA variations and DNA methylation of programmed cell death 1 (PDCD1) in a cohort of RA patients and healthy controls.MethodsRA patients (n = 206) and healthy controls (n = 234) were included for analysis of PDCD1 expression, PDCD1 polymorphisms and PDCD1 methylation. Differences in continuous variables between groups were compared by applying t tests. Associations between phenotypes and genotypes were evaluated with contingency tables. Sensitivity analyses were conducted to confirm the robustness of results, considering potential confounding factors and different treatment response definitions. Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) were calculated.ResultsHigher expression of PDCD1 was found in RA compared to controls (P < 0.001), with similar PDCD1 polymorphisms in RA and controls. rs36084323 decreased inadequate response to conventional synthetic disease‐modifying antirheumatic drugs (OR = 0.37, 95% CI = 0.19‐0.72, P = 0.003), and rs41386349 increased rheumatoid factor seropositivity (OR = 11.89, 95% CI = 1.57‐89.87, P = 0.003). Sensitivity analysis adjusting for further potential confounders and using different treatment response definition indicated similar results. Additionally, DNA methylation change at regulatory region of PDCD1 was detected in RA (P = 0.036).ConclusionAltogether, this was the first study to suggest genetic and epigenetic changes of PDCD1 in RA subsets and RA. Independent prospective cohorts are awaited to address the implications of these genetic and epigenetic changes in disease pathogenesis and phenotypes of RA.
Frame Logic‐based specification and discovery of semantic web services with application to medical appointments
Authors: Sharifi Omid , Ataee Shahin Mehdipour , Bayram Zeki 
Published: March 2019

AbstractMatching web services and client requirements in the form of goals is a significant challenge in the discovery of semantic web services. The most common but unsatisfactory approach to matching is set‐based, where both the client and web services declare what objects they require and what objects they can provide. Matching then becomes the simple task of comparing sets of objects. This approach is inadequate because it says nothing about the functionality required by the client or the functionality provided by the web service. As an alternative, we use the Frame Logic as implemented in Flora‐2 to specify web service capabilities and client requirements, including their preconditions, postconditions, and ontologies, implement a logic‐based discovery agent using Flora‐2, demonstrate its usefulness in a medical appointment making scenario, and show its efficiency both theoretically and by benchmarking. The result is an expressive yet concise representation scheme for semantic web services, and a practical, efficient, powerful, and fully implemented matching engine based purely on logical inference for web service discovery, with direct applicability to Web Service Modeling Ontology and Web Service Modeling Language, because both are based on Frame Logic.