bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Measurement and analysis of backlash on harmonic drive
Authors: Wang Bin , Liu Jikui , Wang Chunjie 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Harmonic drive transmissions are widely used in robotics, space manipulation systems because of their excellent mechanical properties including low backlash, high speed reduction ratio and compact size. Analytical investigation and modeling of backlash and hysteresis for harmonic drive are reported, but no thorough understanding of backlash as well as its attributes is available in literature. In this research, the experimental and analytical studies of backlash are conducted. First, the definition of backlash according to China National Standard (CNS) is given, which also matches the requirements in application. A dedicated apparatus was designed to measure the backlash. The results of this paper offer an insight into backlash of harmonic drive and the results are valuable in the mechanical design of harmonic drive gears as well as the dynamic modeling and precision control of harmonic drive systems.
Detection methods for residual stress of assembled camshaft
Authors: Huang Jinjie , Yang Lianfa , Wei Jun , Ma Jianping , jiang Jingyu 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Compared with the traditional integrated camshaft, the assembled camshaft has the advantages of lowering production cost, reducing engine weight and improving engine performance, with a broad development prospect. The assembled camshaft is connected by different processes will cause residual stress which will seriously affect the mechanical properties of camshaft. Therefore, the measurement of residual stress is of great importance to the safety and reliability of assembled camshaft. This paper mainly introduces three detection methods currently applied to the residual stress of the assembled camshaft, namely X-ray diffraction method, Hole-Drilling method and Finite element simulation.
Numerical simulation and microgravity experiment of fluid flow in the vane type tank
Authors: Chen Lei , Liu Jintao , Li Wen , Yao Can , Zhu Honglai 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Propellant tank is an important component of spacecraft, which determines the life of spacecraft. As a key unit for storage and management fluid on the spacecraft, the vane type tank can provide liquid without gas for thrusters. And the propellant management device(PMD) is the core component in the tank. In the paper, numerical simulation and microgravity experiment have been carried out to study the performance of propellant management. By using a VOF two-phase flow model, the fluid behaviour in tank is numerically simulated. By microgravity drop tower tests, the fluid distribution is obtained actually. The results from numerical simulation are in good agreement with ones from the microgravity drop tower tests. It shows that the PMD of the vane type tank can availably achieve the separation between liquid and gas interface and providing liquid without gas in microgravity environment.
Measuring the likeliness among young adults to green their homes
Authors: Toh Tien-Choon , Goh Kai-Chen , Goh Hui-Hwang , Yan-Yan Yong Felicia , Lim Cheng-Sim , Lee Chia-Kuang 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
It requires a team effort to reduce our overall impact on the planet earth. If each of us would do our parts, we could preserve the environment well and give our future generations a clean and comfortable place to live. Sustainability starts at home. Ways to green our homes have been suggested by people from all walks of life and are easily available as well. However, very little attention has been paid to the extent to which the people would take the initiative to green their homes. With the intention to explore the topic of home greening, this research aims to measure the likeliness among young adults to green their homes. Young adults are targeted because they are future leaders and their actions today will have an effect on the quality of the environment for the next fifty to one hundred years. The data needed are collected using a self-administered structured questionnaire. Eighty-eight young adults living in the Klang Valley of Malaysia have responded to the survey form but only eighty-five sets of it are analysable after detecting outliers. Mean ranking analysis is performed to rank the home greening efforts made by the respondents. The results show that the respondents have highest tendency to use energy-efficient appliances and water-saving devices, fixtures, and technologies for their homes to save the environment. On the contrary, the respondents have lowest tendency to find creative ways to recycle household goods at their homes to save the environment. In general, there is no significant difference in the home greening tendency levels of males and females.
Development and characterization of a MnCu-based high damping alloy plate
Authors: Jiang ZC , Tian QC , Ren ZM , Ji PG , Feng JH , Yin FX 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
From the viewpoint of engineering application, the Mn-Cu based alloy plates are prepared to characterize both the mechanical properties as well as the damping capacity by employing the tensile test and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), respectively. The microstructure of MnCu alloy were determined by optical microscopy, while the tensile fracture morphology was observed by using a scanning electron microscopy. It is verified that the mechanical properties are similar to that of A3 steel while the vibration noise across the MnCu alloy plate cut about 5-15dB off during all the experiment frequency range from 20 to 300 Hz when the alloy backing plates are applied under a turbine electric generator. The internal friction characteristic of the alloy is disclosed to be dynamic hysteresis closely related to the vibration frequency, as well as to be static hysteresis that depending on strain amplitudes. With whatever vibration frequencies or strain amplitudes, the damping capacity (tan δ) of the alloy plate still shows satisfactory engineering application value higher than 0.02 at ambient temperature range around room temperature.
Fabrication of Ni60+25%WC reinforced steel matrix surface composites by induction cladding
Authors: Heping Liu , Fenger Sun , Shaolei Cheng , Yibo Gao , Langlang Liu 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Failure of mechanical parts usually occur on the surface or start from the surface, such as wear, oxidation corrosion and fatigue. This work uses high frequency induction cladding technology to improve the overall performance of stainless steel surface. A layer of WC and stainless steel is coated on the surface of the stainless steel. The effects of different WC material contents and different induction heating current intensities on the cladding were analyzed. After the preparation of the sample, the morphology and properties of the cladding layer were analyzed by SEM, XRD and other test methods. The results show that when the content of WC is 2%-3%, the heating time is 90s and the heating current is 860A-890A. The surface of the cladding layer is most densely formed and there is no obvious over-burning phenomenon and pore generation.
Anthocyanins extraction from Purple Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam): The effect of pH values on natural color
Authors: Nhut Pham Tri , Quoc Toan Tran , Duc Lam Tri , Vu-Quang Hieu , Vo Dai-Viet N. , Anh Vy Tran , Bui Le Minh 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Anthocyanins are widely used in the food industry as safe natural colorants thanks to their benefits, attractive colors and safety for consumption. The first objective of this study was to evaluate anthocyanins extraction from Vietnam purple sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam) for use as food coloring. Different extraction temperatures of solvent ethanol (40 - 70%), duration of extraction (40 - 80 min), temperature extraction (30 - 70°C) and liquid-solid ratios (4:1 - 8:1 mL/g) were selected in order to extract purple sweet potato. Second, this study examines the anthocyanin color behavior at various pH levels in aqueous solutions levels ranging from 1.0 to 14.0. At low pH (acidic conditions), anthocyanins are stable and gives a red color. Meanwhile, increasing the pH value of anthocyanin will change the color from red to pink, violet, blue, green and yellow. This variation suggested that anthocyanin could be utilized as a possible pH color indicator in commercial packaging industry and agriculture.
Extraction of anthocyanins from Butterfly pea (Clitoria ternatea L. Flowers) in Southern Vietnam: Response surface modeling for optimization of the operation conditions
Authors: Nhut Pham Tri , Chinh Nguyen Duy , Duc Lam Tri , Van Thinh Pham , Tien Le Xuan , Vo Nguyen Dai Viet , Quang Hieu Vu , Duy Nguyen Trinh , Bach Long Giang 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
In this paper, the Response Surface Methodology (RSM), in conjunction with Central Composite Design (CCD), was used to optimize the extraction of anthocyanins from Butterfly pea (Clitoria ternatea L.Flowers) cultivated in Southern Vietnam. The effect of extraction temperatures of solvent ethanol (50-70 °C), duration of extraction (40-50 min) and solid-liquid ratios (20:1–30:1) was measured as independent variables on the total extraction anthocyanins in the response function. The highest anthocyanin content of 132.756 mg/L of butterfly pea anthocyanin was collected at the solid liquid ratio of 23:1, extraction time of 46 min, and temperature 60.6°C. Butterfly pea anthocyanins yield detailed significant correlation with high F values, low P values (<0.0001), and desirable determination coefficient (R2 = 0.9994).
Effects of various solvent concentration, liquid-solid ratio, temperatures and time values on the extraction yield of anthocyanin from Vietnam Hibiscus sabdariffa L. (Roselle)
Authors: Nhut Pham Tri , Phu Nguyen Thuong Nhan , Duc Lam Tri , Hien Tran Thien , Chinh Nguyen Duy , Vo Dai-Viet N. , Tien Le Xuan , Trung Do Sy , Giang Bach Long 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Nowadays, the trends in human health and fossil fuel dependent markets present opportunities for agricultural crops as renewable sources in several substitutes of synthetic components in clothing, fuels, and food. This research focused on anthocyanins along with protocatechuic acid and quercetin, which have been recognized as bioactive compounds in Hibiscus sabdariffa L. aqueous extracts. Laboratory extraction study was conducted on various solvent concentration, liquid-solid ratio, temperatures and time values on the extraction yield of anthocyanin from Vietnam Hibiscus sabdariffa L. (Roselle). On theother hand, total anthocyanins wereinvestigated in Hibiscus sabdariffa L. extract as μg/mL cyanidin-3-glucoside (cyd-3-glu). Extraction temperature of 60°C using solvent concentration 50%, extraction time of 30 min at liquid-solid ratio of 8:1 showed the highest anthocyanin recovery at 180,821 mg/L. Overall, Vietnam Hibiscus sabdariffa L. (Roselle) are responsive to anthocyanin extraction, making it an appropriate substrate for the development of industrial colorants and dyes.
Research on the influence mechanism of friction factor of gear based on mathematical statistics principle
Authors: Ge H , Wang C 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
This paper first introduces the development status of gear friction factor research. Secondly, the advantage of the experimental method based on mathematical statistics is discussed. In addition, the mathematical statistics principle is used to design the orthogonal experiment to verify the existing formula of gear friction factor calculation. The correlation of each parameter was studied according to the experimental data. The deficiency of calculation formula is analysed and the prospect of future research is put forward.
Literature review of RV reducer test bed
Authors: Shilin Pan , Cheng Wang 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The RV reducer test bench belongs to the mechanical transmission test bench. It is a test equipment for testing the comprehensive performance of the reducer. Various tests are carried out on the test bench to achieve the purpose of rationality of design and manufacture and performance evaluation of the tested RV reducer. With the further development of national industrialization and the continuous improvement of automation, the performance of the RV reducer has been put forward higher requirements, but also the accuracy of the test bench has been put forward higher requirements, the research of the RV reducer test bench has more practical significance.
Structural design and analysis of a new axial magnetic suction planetary gear train
Authors: Yu Wentao , Wang Cheng , Lin Zhiwen 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
By analyzing the working principle of magnetic gear in the axial magnetic field, the design method of the active wheel and the driven wheel structure of the magnetic gear reducer in axial magnetic field is proposed. The influence of the magnetic tooth thickness on the transmission performance for the axial magnetic field coupled magnetic gear is theoretically explained. The gear reducer permanent magnet adopts a block structure, and the tooth increase coefficient is obtained by establishing a mathematical model. The finite element simulation analysis method is used to verify the rationality and feasibility of the design method, and the data is analyzed by the experimental method to verify the correctness of the simulation method
Research on Rolling Bearing Fault Identification Method Based on LSTM Neural Network
Authors: Luo Pan , Hu Yumei 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
In order to simplify the fault detection process, improve the efficiency of fault detection and recognition accuracy, a rolling bearing fault recognition based on LSTM neural network is proposed. In this model, there is no need to perform any preprocessing on the original data. As long as the neural network model training is completed, the original signal can be detected and identified automatically by the model. In order to verify the performance of the model, the test results of the same fault data set are compared with the fault recognition model based on traditional machine learning. The results show that the fault recognition model based on LSTM neural network has obvious superior performance and higher recognition reliability. Its recognition accuracy rate reaches 98.00%, and the recognition accuracy of the fault recognition model based on traditional machine learning is only 94.20%.
Environmental effects on Chestnut wood (Castanea sativa Mill.) treated with different surface coatings
Authors: Chavenetidou Marina , Birbilis Dimitris , Kakavas Konstantinos V 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
This study investigated the influence of climatic factors on the deterioration of chestnut wood after various manipulations with surface coatings after exposure to ambient conditions for two years. The exposure of chestnut wood surfaces to atmospheric precipitation namely snow, rain and humidity, whether coated or uncoated with hydrophobic substances of low effectiveness led to discolouration due to leaching of water-soluble extracts possessed by the wood. The handling of chestnut wood with surface coatings of hydrophobic protectives (WR) such as teak oil in an organic solvent, epoxy resin based stain, transparent polyurethane varnish with UV protection factor, surface alkyd-based white varnish and exposure to ambient atmospheric conditions showed that discolouration was created due to the leaching of the water-soluble extracts, contained in the chestnut wood for surfaces coated or uncoated with hydrophobic substances of low effectiveness. It was therefore concluded that environmental factors cause discolouration of chestnut wood whether treated or untreated with hydrophobic substances of low effectiveness.
Meso-scale finite element analysis on creep behaviour of asphalt mixture considering interface effect
Authors: Qiu X , Xiao S L , Xu J X , Yang Q , Li C L 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
This paper investigated the creep behaviour of asphalt mixtures using a randomly generated meso-scale finite element model that takes into account the effect of asphalt-aggregate interface. Simulation analysis on the three-point bending creep tests of asphalt mixture were performed and validated. Furthermore, parameters studies were conducted to evaluate the effect of gradation and angularity of coarse aggregate, air void content, and asphalt-aggregate interface strength. The results indicated that mesostructural parameters and interface properties have an important effect on the creep behaviour of asphalt mixture. The creep performance of medium-sized asphalt mixture is better than that of fine-sized asphalt mixtures. The larger the angularity index of coarse aggregate is, the better ability asphalt mixture has to resist deformation. As to the suspended dense structure asphalt mixtures, with the increase of void ratio, the creep deformation increase gradually, and the excessive void ratio would lead to the fracture of the interface. Asphalt-aggregate interface with higher interface strength would result in better resistance to of the mixture to permanent deformation.
Assessment of fatigue damage in asphalt mixture using an acoustic emission approach
Authors: Qiu X , Wang Y J , Yang Q , Xu J X , Cheng W H 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Fatigue failure is the main damage forms of asphalt mixture. Acoustic emission (AE) is an effective technique for continuously monitoring the development of fatigue damage in asphalt mixture. Firstly, the AE characteristic and mechanical behaviour of asphalt mixture and their relationship were investigated by performing four-point bending fatigue test and AE test. Furthermore, the parameters of continuum damage mechanics model that describes the deterioration process of asphalt mixture were calibrated in according with the AE technique. Finally, simulation analysis on the four-point bending fatigue test of asphalt mixture is performed. The results indicated that the AE parameters could reflect the changes of mechanical characteristic. The variation of AE energy and dissipated energy had a similar tendency. There is a strong correlation between the result of continuum damage mechanics model and mechanical test. The numerical results show that the definition of damage variable based on AE energy is reliable and reasonable. This research would provide a new idea for the application of AE technique on diagnosing the fatigue damage evolution process of asphalt mixture.
Deodorization of Calophyllum Inophyllum oil using Steam distillation method
Authors: Dinh Phuc Nguyen , Minh Thanh Luong , Duc Lam Tri 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Deodorization is a crucial refining stage with an important effect on the quality of oil refined. We used steam distillation method to remove the smell of calophyllum inophyllum oil. We investigated the effect of various factors such as vaporization temperature, oil volume to the deodorization process. In laboratory conditions, at vaporization temperature of 140°C and oil volume of 200mL, the optimal time of deodorization process is 21 hours with 95% oil’s smell removed. In the other hands, deodorized oil still remains the benefit compents. The aim of this study was to eliminate unpleasant pungent smell of calophyllum inophyllum oil. In the other hands, deodorized oil still retain the beneficial component and properties eminece. Thereby, creating a substrate with great potential in pharmaceuticals and cosmetics. Also, deodorized calophyllum inophyllum oil will help increase the economic value of traditional calophyllum inophyllum oil.
Extraction of Jasmine Essential Oil By Hydrodistillation method and Applications On Formulation of Natural Facial Cleansers
Authors: Dinh Phuc Nguyen , Phuong Thy Le Hoang , Duc Lam Tri , Yen Vo Hoang , Thi Ngoc Lan Nguyen 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Jasmine essential oil has been studied and widely used for many centuries in many countries throughout the world. However, relatively little is explored about jasmine essential oil application. Here, we produced essential oil of jasmine by hydrodistillation method. The effect of distillation time, distillation temperature, feed size, water-raw material ratio to the yield of the distillation process was analyzed and recorded. With 6 hours, 120°C, grind fresh and ratio of 2:1 the yield was 0.092%. Antibacterial compounds of Jasmine essential oil were determined by measuring Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry equipment. Jasmine essential oils are applied to develop the facial cleanser product that is safe for human. Jasmine facial cleanser will be a new product in Viet Nam’s cosmetic with many potentials.
Synthesis and characterization of the microcellular injection molded PA6/flax and the PA6/graphene nanocomposites
Authors: Shao Ming-Wei , Huang Jung-Jie , Chen Yu-Xuan , Hwang Shyh-Shin 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Polymer composites combine two materials together to produce a unique property which is not inherent to the individual materials. The most important reason to use composites is the enhancement of the mechanical properties. However, there are several applications that can be used by composites, such as the heavy metal adsorption of waste water by flax. This study has investigated the effects of flax (1, 3, 5 wt%) and graphene loading (0.5, 1, 3 wt%) on the tensile strength, thermal, and heavy metal adsorption properties of the microcellular injection molded PA6 composites. The fillers used, flax and graphene, were micro and nano materials in size, respectively. The results showed that the dispersion with 0.5 wt% of graphene loading, as seen in the TEM pictures, had the best dispersion for the PA6/graphene nanocomposites. This amount of graphene also had the best tensile strength in three different loadings (0.5, 1.0, 3.0 wt%). Tensile strength was related to the filler dispersion in the matrix. Good dispersion resulted in good tensile strength, and the elongation decreased by increasing the flax loading. The 5 wt% flax loading and 3 wt% graphene loading of the composites showed the largest storage modulus for the PA6composites. The 1 wt% of the flax loading showed the highest degradation temperature for the PA6/flax micro-composites, and the 3 wt% for the PA6/graphene nanocomposites. The cell size decreased and the cell density increased with the addition of graphene to the PA6 composites. Heavy metal of the Cr(IV)adsorption test showed that the PA6/GP nanocomposites had a better adsorption than that of the PA6/flax composites.
Performance Exploration of A Radially Layered Cymbal Piezoelectric Energy Harvester under Road Traffic Induced Low Frequency Vibration
Authors: Liu Xinnan , Wang Jianjun 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
A type of radially layered cymbal piezoelectric energy harvester is designed and fabricated. It is made of two cymbal metal caps, two axially polarized piezoceramic rings, one solid metal disk, one common metal ring and one drilled metal ring. The mechanical couplings in radial direction are finished by using extra strong epoxy. The mechanical couplings in axial direction are finished by using screw bolts. Subsequently, the force transferring coefficient of each cymbal metal cap is approximated through both theoretical calculation and experimental calibration. Aiming at matching the road traffic induced vibration frequencies that are predominantly ranging from 5Hz to 25Hz, the approximated analytical model of the harvester is established at frequencies below 30Hz. The model’s predictions agree reasonably with the measured data. Furthermore, the experimental results indicated that the harvester was able to generate a power of about 0.92mW across a 0.8MΩ resistor under the force of 500N at a frequency of 20Hz. The present work provides a new design concept for developing the novel cymbal harvesters used in roadway systems to harvest the traffic induced vibration energy.