bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tumor inherent interferon regulators as biomarkers of long-term chemotherapeutic response in TNBC
Authors: Brockwell Natasha K. , Rautela Jai , Owen Katie L. , Gearing Linden J. , Deb Siddhartha , Harvey Kate , Spurling Alex , Zanker Damien , Chan Chia-Ling , Cumming Helen E. , Deng Niantao , Zakhour Jasmine M. , Duivenvoorden Hendrika M. , Robinson Tina , Harris Marion , White Michelle , Fox Jane , Ooi Corinne , Kumar Beena , Thomson Jacqui , Potasz Nicole , Swarbrick Alex , Hertzog Paul J. , Molloy Tim J. , Toole Sandra O’ , Ganju Vinod , Parker Belinda S. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractPatients diagnosed with triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) have an increased risk of rapid metastasis compared to other subtypes. Predicting long-term survival post-chemotherapy in patients with TNBC is difficult, yet enhanced infiltration of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) has been associated with therapeutic response and reduced risk of metastatic relapse. Immune biomarkers that predict the immune state of a tumor and risk of metastatic relapse pre- or mid-neoadjuvant chemotherapy are urgently needed to allow earlier implementation of alternate therapies that may reduce TNBC patient mortality. Utilizing a neoadjuvant chemotherapy trial where TNBC patients had sequential biopsies taken, we demonstrate that measurement of T-cell subsets and effector function, specifically CD45RO expression, throughout chemotherapy predicts risk of metastatic relapse. Furthermore, we identified the tumor inherent interferon regulatory factor IRF9 as a marker of active intratumoral type I and II interferon (IFN) signaling and reduced risk of distant relapse. Functional implications of tumor intrinsic IFN signaling were demonstrated using an immunocompetent mouse model of TNBC, where enhanced type I IFN signaling increased anti-tumor immunity and metastasis-free survival post-chemotherapy. Using two independent adjuvant cohorts we were able to validate loss of IRF9 as a poor prognostic biomarker pre-chemotherapy. Thus, IRF9 expression may offer early insight into TNBC patient prognosis and tumor heat, allowing for identification of patients that are unlikely to respond to chemotherapy alone and could benefit from further immune-based therapeutic intervention.
Long-term trapping of Stark-decelerated molecules
Authors: Haas Dominik , von Planta Claudio , Kierspel Thomas , Zhang Dongdong , Willitsch Stefan 
Published: August 2019

AbstractTrapped cold molecules represent attractive systems for precision-spectroscopic studies and for investigations of cold collisions and chemical reactions. However, achieving their confinement for sufficiently long timescales remains a challenge. Here, we report the long-term trapping of Stark-decelerated OH radicals in their X2Π3/2 (ν = 0, J = 3/2, MJ = 3/2, f) state in a permanent magnetic trap. The trap environment is cryogenically cooled to a temperature of 17 K to suppress black-body-radiation-induced pumping of the molecules out of trappable quantum states and collisions with residual background gas molecules which usually limit the trap lifetime. The cold molecules are thus confined on timescales approaching minutes, an improvement of up to two orders of magnitude compared with room temperature experiments, at translational temperatures of ∼25 mK. The present results pave the way for new experiments using trapped cold molecules in precision spectroscopy, in studies of slow chemical processes at low energies and in the quantum technologies.
A polyamine-independent role for S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase
Authors: Li Bin , Kurihara Shin , Kim Sok Ho , Liang Jue , Michael Anthony J. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The only known function of S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase (AdoMetDC) is to supply, with its partner aminopropyltransferase enzymes such as spermidine synthase (SpdSyn), the aminopropyl donor for polyamine biosynthesis. Polyamine spermidine is probably essential for the growth of all eukaryotes, most archaea and many bacteria. Two classes of AdoMetDC exist, the prokaryotic class 1a and 1b forms, and the eukaryotic class 2 enzyme, which is derived from an ancient fusion of two prokaryotic class 1b genes. Herein, we show that ‘eukaryotic' class 2 AdoMetDCs are found in bacteria and are enzymatically functional. However, the bacterial AdoMetDC class 2 genes are phylogenetically limited and were likely acquired from a eukaryotic source via transdomain horizontal gene transfer, consistent with the class 2 form of AdoMetDC being a eukaryotic invention. We found that some class 2 and thousands of class 1b AdoMetDC homologues are present in bacterial genomes that also encode a gene fusion of an N-terminal membrane protein of the Major Facilitator Superfamily (MFS) class of transporters and a C-terminal SpdSyn-like domain. Although these AdoMetDCs are enzymatically functional, spermidine is absent, and an entire fusion protein or its SpdSyn-like domain only, does not biochemically complement a SpdSyn deletion strain of E. coli. This suggests that the fusion protein aminopropylates a substrate other than putrescine, and has a role outside of polyamine biosynthesis. Another integral membrane protein found clustered with these genes is DUF350, which is also found in other gene clusters containing a homologue of the glutathionylspermidine synthetase family and occasionally other polyamine biosynthetic enzymes.
Histology and molecular pathology of iliotibial tract contracture in patients with gluteal muscle contracture
Authors: Yuan Bang-tuo , Qu Feng , Wang Shao-xia , Qi Wei , Shen Xue-zhen , Li Chun-bao , Liu Yu-jie 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The present study aimed to examine the pathologic changes of the iliotibial tract and discusses its relationship with gluteal muscle contracture. Samples of contractual iliotibial tracts were collected from six patients with contractures of the gluteal muscles and iliotibial tracts during their surgical treatment. Samples of normal iliotibial tracts were collected from six patients receiving surgeries for avascular necrosis of the femoral head who had no contractures of the gluteal muscles and iliotibial tracts. The tissue samples were stained using Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E), Masson’s trichrome, and Sirius Red. The mRNA and protein levels of various tissue repair genes were determined using quantitative real-time PCR and Western blotting. Both the normal and contractual iliotibial tracts consisted of type I and III collagens. The contractual iliotibial tracts had a significantly higher proportion of type III collagen in comparison with the normal iliotibial tracts. The mRNA expression levels and protein levels of tissue repair genes TGFβ 1, bFGF, and matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) in the contractual iliotibial tracts were up-regulated in comparison with that in the normal iliotibial tracts. However, the mRNA expression levels and protein levels of tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP) in the contractual iliotibial tracts were down-regulated in comparison with that in the normal iliotibial tracts. The contractures of both the gluteal muscles and the iliotibial tracts share similar histology and molecular pathology. Our results indicate that iliotibial tract contracture is secondary to the gluteal muscle contracture and is a constant tissue repair process.
Isorhamnetin inhibited migration and invasion via suppression of Akt/ERK-mediated epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in A549 human non-small-cell lung cancer cells
Authors: Luo Wei , Liu Qingbin , Jiang Nan , Li Mingquan , Shi Li 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
In the present study, we investigated the potential effects of Isorhamnetin on the growth and metastasis of A549 human lung cancer cells, as well as the underlying mechanism. Treatment with Isorhamnetin exhibited a dose- and time-dependent inhibition on A549 cell proliferation. Furthermore, the cell adhesion and Transwell assay showed that treatment with Isorhamnetin (2.5, 5, and 10 μM) for 48 h resulted in a significant inhibition effect on cell adhesion, invasion and migration of A549 cells, depending on concentration, which was associated with the suppression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9 activity and protein expression. Moreover, Isorhamnetin effectively suppressed the expressions of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers, as evidenced by the down-regulation of N-cadherin, vimentin and snail, as well as up-regulation of E-cadherin protein expression. Additionally, these inhibitions were mediated by interrupting AKT/ERK1/2 signaling pathways. Taken together, the results of the current study demonstrated that Isorhamnetin may become a good anti-metastastic agent against lung cancer A549 cell line by the suppression of EMT via interrupting Akt/ERK1/2 signaling pathway.
Association of the vitamin D metabolism gene GC and CYP27B1 polymorphisms with cancer susceptibility: a meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis
Authors: Zhu Man , Tan Zheqiong , Luo Zhenzhao , Hu Hui , Wu Tangwei , Fang Shiqiang , Wang Hui , Lu Zhongxin 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Nowadays, vitamin D is known to have functions beyond bone formation, including inhibiting angiogenesis and promoting tumor apoptosis. CYP27B1 and group-specific component (GC), the main enzyme responsible for the degradation and transport of active vitamin D, play important role in many cancer-related cellular processes. Relationships between CYP27B1 and GC polymorphisms and cancer susceptibility have been widely investigated, whereas the results are inconsistent. We strictly searched EMBASE, PubMed, Web of Science, WanFang and CNKI electronic databases for relevant studies exploring the associations of GC (rs4588 and rs7041) and CYP27B1 (rs4646537, rs3782130) polymorphisms with cancer risks according to search strategy. Thirty-two studies published in 13 articles involving 15713 cases and 17304 controls were included. Our analyses suggested that rs4588 and rs7041 polymorphisms were significantly associated with overall cancer risk. Stratification analyses of ethnicity indicated that rs4588 polymorphism significantly increased cancer risk in Caucasians and Asians, while rs7041 polymorphism significantly increased cancer risk in Asians. When studies were stratified by cancer type, our results indicated that rs4588 significantly increased the risk of breast cancer and digestive system tumor, but not in prostate cancer and non-small cell lung cancer, while rs7041 significantly increased the risk of non-small cell lung cancer. Above associations were noteworthy findings as evaluated by false-positive report probabilities (FPRPs). There were no associations of rs4646537 and rs3782130 with overall cancer risks. Associations between CYP27B1 and GC polymorphisms and cancer risks were examined, and additional large samples are necessary to validate our results.
Broadband vortex beam generating for multi‐polarisations based on a single‐layer quasi‐spiral metasurface
Authors: Wang Lingling , Liu Shaobin , Kong Xiangkun , Wen Yongdiao , Liu Xiaochun 
Published: August 2019

A reflective metasurface based on the quasi‐spiral element is proposed to achieve broadband orbital angular momentum vortex beams for multi‐polarisations. The quasi‐spiral element can provide linear and smooth phase responses covering about 360° from 10 to 15 GHz with a relative bandwidth about 40% by adjusting the length of four phase delay lines. Additionally, the metasurface can generate vortex beams with optional charges in vertical, horizontal and circular polarisations which are determined by the polarisation of feed antenna. Finally,we have designed and fabricated a 24 × 24 cm2 metasurface prototype. The simulated and measured results show that the reflective metasurface can generate broadband vortex beams with orbital angular momentum effectively. As the structure is simple, lightweight and easy to fabricate, the proposed method is applicable to generate broadband vortex beams for multi‐polarisations.
Circulation suppression of synchronous/interleaving paralleled 400 Hz three‐phase four‐leg inverter based on third harmonics injection
Authors: Chen Yihan , Guo Honghao , Ma Haixiao , Zhou Yan , Chen Jiawei 
Published: August 2019

In this study, the third harmonic injection method based on analogue circuit is applied in the interleaving parallel three‐phase four‐leg (3P4L) inverter, the adverse effects of injected signals on the circulating current are found, and the corresponding control strategy solution is proposed. At the beginning of this study, by using the large‐signal model of leg, it is proved that four legs can be decoupled, on the basis of this conclusion, the current sharing control strategy based on dual‐loop scheme and third harmonic injection can be applied in paralleled 3P4L inverter, however, peak value of circulating current is increased by zero‐sequence component which is caused by injected signals. Therefore, output impedance analysis method is applied, and the control strategy including zero‐sequence component feedforward loop is proposed, which can be implemented with analogue circuit, and is suitable for the 400 Hz synchronous/interleaving paralleled inverter systems. Finally, the effectiveness of the control strategy is verified by simulation and experiment.
Design of detection terminal for active millimetre‐wave imaging
Authors: Mei Hanxue , Wang Jinbang , Zhang Tao , Liu Zhiguo 
Published: August 2019

The diode is used as the detection unit to receive the millimetre‐wave signal directly. A circuit is made with an operational amplifier OP27 to amplify the signal. The magnification of the OP27 circuit is stable at 100 <100 kHz. The performances of the detection terminal and the low‐pass filter amplifying circuit are compared in different distance between the source and the diode with a polarisation angle of 70°. The result shows good sensitivity of the detection terminal in active millimetre‐wave imaging. A one‐dimensional imaging test on the detection terminal is performed.
Relations between phenomenological and physical parameters in the hot coronae of AGNs computed with the MoCA code
Authors: Middei R. , Bianchi S. , Marinucci A. , Matt G. , Petrucci P.-O. , Tamborra F. , Tortosa A. 
Published: August 2019

Context. The primary X-ray emission in active galactic nuclei (AGNs) is widely believed to be due to Comptonisation of the thermal radiation from the accretion disc in a corona of hot electrons. The resulting spectra can, in first approximation, be modelled with a cut-off power law, the photon index and the high-energy roll-over encoding information on the physical properties of the X ray emitting region. The photon index and the high-energy curvature of AGNs (Γ, Ec) have been largely studied since the launch of X-ray satellites operating above 10 keV. However, high-precision measurements of these two observables have only been obtained in recent years thanks to the unprecedented sensitivity of NuSTAR up to 79 keV.
Aims. We aim at deriving relations between Γ, Ec phenomenological parameters and the intrinsic properties of the X-ray-emitting region (the hot corona), namely the optical depth and temperature.
Methods. We use MoCA (Monte Carlo code for Comptonisation in Astrophysics) to produce synthetic spectra for the case of an AGN with MBH = 1.5 × 108 M⊙ and ṁ = 0.1 and then compared them with the widely used power-law model with an exponential high-energy cutoff.
Results. We provide phenomenological relations relating Γ and Ec with the opacity and temperature of the coronal electrons for the case of spherical and slab-like coronae. These relations give origin to a well defined parameter space which fully contains the observed values. Exploiting the increasing number of high-energy cut-offs quoted in the literature, we report on the comparison of physical quantities obtained using MoCA with those estimated using commonly adopted spectral Comptonisation models. Finally, we discuss the negligible impact of different black hole masses and accretion rates on the inferred relations.
Harninkontinenz bei geriatrischen Patienten: Verhaltensintervention, Toilettentraining und physiotherapeutische Interventionen
Authors: Becher Klaus , Bojack Barbara , Ege Sigrid , von der Heide Silke , Kirschner-Hermanns Ruth , Wiedemann Andreas 
Published: August 2019

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung 1/2019 wurde ein update der seit 2005 in AWMF eingestellten und fortlaufend aktualisierten Leitlinie „Harninkontinenz bei geriatrischen Patienten – Diagnostik und Therapie“ durch die interdisziplinäre Arbeitsgruppe „Harninkontinenz“ der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Geriatrie (DGG) publiziert. Aus dieser Leitlinie, die als offizielle Leitlinie DGG akkreditiert ist, stellt der vorliegende Artikel das Kapitel „Verhaltensintervention, Toilettentraining, physiotherapeutische Maßnahmen“ dar.
Methodik In einem strukturierten Bewertungsprozess identifizierte eine Literaturrecherche zunächst die vorhandene Literatur im Kontext des „geriatrischen Patienten“, wie er als zumeist über 70jährig und multimorbid oder über 80jährig durch die Fachgesellschaften definiert ist. Primäre Berücksichtigung fanden randomisierte, doppelblinde, plazebokontrollierte Studien sowie bereits vorhandene Leitlinien zum Thema. Wo keine solchen Untersuchungen vorlagen oder aus methodischen Gründen prinzipiell nicht durchführbar sind, wurden auch Publikationen anderen Designs (nicht randomisierte Untersuchungen, Fallkontrollstudien) zur Leitlinienerstellung herangezogen. Die daraus resultierenden Leitlinienempfehlungen wurden in einem strukturierten Abstimmungsprozess unterzogen; das Ergebnis ist in Prozent der zustimmenden Gruppenmitgliedern angegeben.
Ergebnisse Vor dem Hintergrund der Polypharmazie mit ihren Medikamenteninteraktionen und der besonderen Vulnerabilität des hochbetagten, geriatrischen Patienten sind nicht nicht-pharmakologische und nicht-operative Interventionen besonders wichtig. Diese bedürfen jedoch ein Mindestmaß an Compliance und Restmobilität. Vor diesem Hintergrund wurden Verhaltensinterventionen wie Gewichtsabnahme, Flüssigkeitsmanagement, Diuretikaeinsatz, Stuhlregulierung und Toilettentraining sowie aktive und passive physiotherapeutische Maßnahmen im Hinblick auf ihre Wirkung und Anwendbarkeit bei geriatrischen Patienten überprüft und bewertet.
Schlussfolgerungen Verhaltensinterventionen, Toilettentraining und physiotherapeutische Maßnahmen sind besonders vor dem Hintergrund der mit spezifischen Risiken behafteten medikamentösen oder operativen Therapiealternativen wertvolle Bausteine der geriatrischen Inkontinenzbehandlung und sollten in angepasster Form flankierend oder alleinig bei der Therapie geriatrischer Patienten Anwendung finden.
Der „verzögerte Beginn“ einer
Posttraumatischen Belastungsstörung (PTBS) – ein diagnostisches
und gutachterliches Problem mit Bezug zur politischen Inhaftierung in der
DDR
Authors: Frommberger Ulrich , Frommberger Helena , Maercker Andreas 
Published: August 2019

ZusammenfassungHäufiger als vielfach angenommen tritt – nach Berechnungen von 2
Metaanalysen – im Mittel bei ca. 25% der PTBS-Fälle das
Vollbild der Posttraumatischen Belastungsstörung (PTBS) erst nach mehr
als 6 Monaten auf. Die Prävalenzzahlen variieren stark je nach
untersuchter Population. Im militärischen Bereich tritt eine PTBS mit
verzögertem Beginn deutlich häufiger auf als im zivilen (38,2
vs. 15,3%). Für das Spektrum an Prävalenzzahlen werden
Unterschiede in der Definition, der Methodik, den Untersuchungskollektiven wie
auch den Traumaformen selbst verantwortlich gemacht. Je länger die
Beobachtungszeit, um so eher die Erfassung von verzögertem Beginn einer
PTBS. Für die Entstehung und Aufrechterhaltung wurden einige
Einflußfaktoren identifiziert. In der Begutachtung wird bei
verzögertem Beginn die Forderung nach
„Brückensymptomen“ gestellt. Diese sind zwar
häufig, jedoch nicht zwingend erforderlich. Am Beispiel von politischer
Inhaftierung in der DDR werden Verlaufsformen der PTBS wie auch des Subtyps des
„verzögerten Beginns“ dargestellt.
Usefulness of “Nelaton Attachment” for endoscopic submucosal dissection of colorectal neoplasms
Authors: Yoshimoto Taiji , Takihara Hiroshi , Yoshihara Tomoatsu , Inoue Taro , Ishibashi Kohei , Uraoka Masanao , Nakamura Akihiro , Hiramatsu Shinsuke , Baba Shinichi , Abe Shun , Matsuura Ko , Hoshikawa Masato , Taketani Rika , Tanaka Hironori , Motozato Kenichiro , Tanigawa Yuji , Nakao Eisuke , Yokomura Akitaka , Kono Michihito , Kagari Kenji , Furuta Akito , Sunada Asuka , Maejima Kenji , Tsuyuguchi Eri , Yamasaki Yasuo , Shishimoto Takahiro 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background and study aims Although colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) has enabled high en bloc resection rates regardless of tumor size, colorectal ESD is still a challenging procedure. We developed a novel device called the Nelaton Attachment, which allows endoscopists to manipulate the ESD knives using two fingers of their left hand while holding the endoscope with their right hand. We retrospectively investigated the efficacy and safety of the Nelaton Attachment for colorectal ESD. We compared efficacy and safety between Nelaton Attachment and non-Nelaton Attachment groups, and also conducted an ex vivo experiment to evaluate the effect of the Nelaton Attachment.
Patients and methods We retrospectively reviewed 36 consecutive patients with 37 colorectal tumors who had undergone ESD at Kishiwada Tokushukai Hospital and Naritatomisato Tokushukai Hospital between April 2016 and September 2018. The Nelaton Attachment was used for 22 of the 37 colorectal ESDs. In the ex vivo experiment, endoscopists inserted and withdrew an ESD knife 2 cm using two fingers of their left hand with and without the Nelaton Attachment.
Results Median procedure time was significantly shorter in the Nelaton Attachment group (38 min [range 6 – 195 min]) compared to the non-Nelaton Attachment group (75 min [range 17 – 198 min]; P = 0.030). Median time to complete the ex vivo experiment five times was significantly faster with the Nelaton Attachment than without the Nelaton Attachment (P = 0.001).
Conclusions Use of the Nelaton Attachment for colorectal ESD is feasible and safe, and may facilitate colorectal ESD procedures.
High proficiency of colonic endoscopic submucosal dissection in Europe thanks to countertraction strategy using a double clip and rubber band
Authors: Jacques Jérémie , Charissoux Aurélie , Bordillon Pierre , Legros Romain , Rivory Jérôme , Hervieu Valérie , Albouys Jérémie , Guyot Anne , Ponchon Thierry , Sautereau Denis , Kerever Sebastien , Pioche Mathieu 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background and study aims ESD in the colon is more challenging technically than in other locations. Here, we report the first comparative case series of colon ESD using a systematic countertraction strategy using two clips and a rubber band.
Patients and methods Retrospective comparative study of classic versus countertraction colon ESD performed in colon ESD cases collected prospectively at Lyon Edouard Herriot Hospital and Limoges University Hospital from January 2016 until December 2017.
Results The study included 192 cases (control = 76, countertraction = 116). Countertraction using the double clip and rubber band technique versus the control group resulted in a significant decrease in the procedure time (94.7 vs. 117 min; P = 0.004) and significant increases in procedure speed (28.2 vs. 16.7 mm2/min; P < 0.0001), en bloc resection rate (95.7 % vs. 76.3 %, P < 0.0001), and R0 resection rate (78.5 % vs. 64.5 %, P = 0.04).At an individual operator point of view, results varied between operators but the double clip countertraction strategy significantly increased the en bloc resection rate, R0 resection rate, and speed of dissection for each of the 4 operators.
Conclusion Systematic countertraction using a double clip and rubber band facilitates colon ESD. This strategy should become the standard for colon ESD.