bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Magmatic Activity in Incipient Continental Break-Up as Revealed by Coupling Melt and Fluid Inclusions
Authors: Boudoire G , Bobrowski N , Burgi P-Y , Calabrese S , France L , Giuffrida G , Grassa F , Karume K , Kazadi Mwepu J-C , Kuhn J , Moritz R , Munguiko Munyamahoro O , Rizzo A L , Tedesco D 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Deciphering deep magmatic processes driving the onset of continental break-up is fundamental to constrain our understanding of plate tectonics. The East African Rift System (EARS) represents the only opportunity to study a currently active system on Earth undergoing distinct stages of rift evolution. We present a coupled analysis of melt and fluid inclusions in the Virunga Volcanic Province (VVP) offering unprecedented insight into the dynamics of incipient rifting and its evolution. Our study highlights that melting of distinct metasomes in the deep lithosphere is a common feature of immature rifts. In the VVP, it leads to the emission of nephelinitic and basanitic melts at Nyiragongo and Nyamulagira volcanoes, respectively. Additionally, the chemical composition of melt and fluid inclusions supports the identification of another magmatic series in the area. We suggest that the related alkali basaltic melts were produced by contemporary melting of a less enriched domain in the upper lithosphere, a process that is more commonly documented in mature rifts. Various extents of mixing and crystallization of these three distinct magmatic series occur in the lower crust beneath the VVP where the barometric estimates are consistent with the presence of a thick seismic low velocity zone (LVZ). The involvement of alkali basaltic melts in the regional magma production would be also detected in the spread of gas emissions in the rift valley and in the fumaroles of the main active volcanoes. Melting of the corresponding mantle domain is an added source of gas release that may largely contribute to CO2 emissions along the EARS.
In silico screening of protein-binding peptides with an application to developing peptide inhibitors against antibiotic resistance
Authors: Xu Xianjin , Kao Wei-Ling , Wang Allison , Lee Hsin-Jou , Duan Rui , Holmes Hannah , Gallazzi Fabio , Ji Juan , Sun Hongmin , Heng Xiao , Zou Xiaoqin 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The field of therapeutic peptides is experiencing a surge, fueled by their advantageous features. These include predictable metabolism, enhanced safety profile, high selectivity, and reduced off-target effects compared with small-molecule drugs. Despite progress in addressing limitations associated with peptide drugs, a significant bottleneck remains: the absence of a large-scale in silico screening method for a given protein target structure. Such methods have proven invaluable in accelerating small-molecule drug discovery. The high flexibility of peptide structures and the large diversity of peptide sequences greatly hinder the development of urgently needed computational methods. Here, we report a method called MDockPeP2_VS to address these challenges. It integrates molecular docking with structural conservation between protein folding and protein–peptide binding. Briefly, we discovered that when the interfacial residues are conserved, a sequence fragment derived from a monomeric protein exhibits a high propensity to bind a target protein with a similar conformation. This valuable insight significantly reduces the search space for peptide conformations, resulting in a substantial reduction in computational time and making in silico peptide screening practical. We applied MDockPeP2_VS to develop peptide inhibitors targeting the TEM-1 β-lactamase of Escherichia coli, a key mechanism behind antibiotic resistance in gram-negative bacteria. Among the top 10 peptides selected from in silico screening, TF7 (KTYLAQAAATG) showed significant inhibition of β-lactamase activity with a Ki value of 1.37 ± 0.37 µM. This fully automated, large-scale structure-based in silico peptide screening software is available for free download at https://zougrouptoolkit.missouri.edu/mdockpep2_vs/download.html.
Automated identification and segmentation of H i sources in CRAFTS using deep learning method
Authors: Song Zihao , Chen Huaxi , Quan Donghui , Li Di , Zheng Yinghui , Ni Shulei , Chen Yunchuan , Zheng Yun 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT
Identifying neutral hydrogen (${\rm H}\, {\small I}$) galaxies from observational data is a significant challenge in ${\rm H}\, {\small I}$ galaxy surveys. With the advancement of observational technology, especially with the advent of large-scale telescope projects such as FAST and SKA, the significant increase in data volume presents new challenges for the efficiency and accuracy of data processing. To address this challenge, in this study, we present a machine learning-based method for extracting ${\rm H}\, {\small I}$ sources from the 3D spectral data obtained from the Commensal Radio Astronomy FAST Survey (CRAFTS). We have carefully assembled a specialized data set, HISF, rich in ${\rm H}\, {\small I}$ sources, specifically designed to enhance the detection process. Our model, Unet-LK, utilizes the advanced 3D-Unet segmentation architecture and employs an elongated convolution kernel to effectively capture the intricate structures of ${\rm H}\, {\small I}$ sources. This strategy ensures a reliable identification and segmentation of ${\rm H}\, {\small I}$ sources, achieving notable performance metrics with a recall rate of 91.6 per cent and an accuracy of 95.7 per cent. These results substantiate the robustness of our data set and the effectiveness of our proposed network architecture in the precise identification of ${\rm H}\, {\small I}$ sources.
Lack of WDFY4 leads to impaired immune response and poor cancer prognosis
Authors: Bao Hanxuan , Zhang Chen , Peng Xue , Jia Jingnan , Yang Yi 
Published: November 2024

AbstractWDFY4 plays an essential role in the immune system by regulating B‐cell growth and development and participating in antigen processing during cross‐presentation. WDFY4 is closely related to asthma and systemic lupus erythematosus; however, its role in cancer remains unclear. The purpose of this study is to use bioinformatics to determine whether abnormal expression of WDFY4 is a risk factor for cancer and to preliminarily analyze the ways in which WDFY4 affects cancer through experiments. R language packages and bioinformatic database were used to mine the potential carcinogenic effect of WDFY4 and analyze the differential WDFY4 expression in cancer, gene mutations, different tumor prognoses, immune cell infiltration, tumor microenvironment, and DNA methylation correlation. H1975 and A549 cell lines were infected with lentiviruses to overexpress WDFY4, and the effect of WDFY4 on the activity, proliferation, apoptosis, and cell cycle of lung cancer cells was analyzed. WDFY4 was differentially expressed in human tumors in unpaired and paired samples. The differential expression of WDFY4 in unpaired and paired or protein samples from the Clinical Proteome Tumor Analysis Consortium of eight cancers was consistent. WDFY4 methylation was downregulated in 17 cancer types and caused prognostic differences in different directions in some cancers. WDFY4 overexpression significantly inhibited the activity and proliferation of lung cancer cell lines, promoted apoptosis, and caused cell cycle arrest. Differential WDFY4 expression in cancers leads to differences in the prognosis of various cancers. WDFY4 can be an independent prognostic factor for glioma, KIRC, and LUSC.
Dodecanedioic acid prevents and reverses metabolic‐associated liver disease and obesity and ameliorates liver fibrosis in a rodent model of diet‐induced obesity
Authors: Angelini Giulia , Russo Sara , Carli Fabrizia , Infelise Patrizia , Panunzi Simona , Bertuzzi Alessandro , Caristo Maria Emiliana , Lembo Erminia , Calce Roberta , Bornstein Stefan R. , Gastaldelli Amalia , Mingrone Geltrude 
Published: November 2024

AbstractDodecanedioic acid (DC12) is a dicarboxylic acid present in protective polymers of fruit and leaves. We explored the effects of DC12 on metabolic dysfunction‐associated steatohepatitis (MASH) and obesity. DC12 supplementation (100 mg/kg/day) was added to a high‐fat diet (HFD) for 8 weeks in rodents to assess its impact on obesity and MASH prevention. Rats given DC12 experienced significant reductions of weight gain, liver and visceral fat weight, and improved glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity. Liver histology showed protection against diet‐induced MASH, with reduced steatosis, hepatocyte ballooning, and fibrosis. For weight‐loss and MASH reversion, rats were fed HFD for 14 weeks, followed by 6 weeks with or without DC12. DC12 supplementation (100 mg/kg/day) led to a significant reduction of weight gain and liver weight. DC12 induced white adipose tissue beiging and reduced adiposity with a decrease of visceral fat. It also improved glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity, and reduced hepatic gluconeogenic gene expression. Liver histology revealed a significant reduction in steatosis, hepatocyte ballooning, and inflammation as well as fibrosis, indicating MASH reversal. DC12 reduced hepatic lipogenesis enzymes as well as de novo lipogenesis measured by deuterated water and increased fatty acid β‐oxidation. Plasma lipid profile showed lower triglycerides and phosphatidylcholines in the DC12 group. Notably, DC12 decreased mINDY expression, the cell membrane Na+‐coupled citrate transporter, reducing citrate uptake and de‐novo lipogenesis, linking its effects to improved lipid metabolism and reduced steatosis. We found that during the hepatic first pass, half of the DC12 ingested with water was taken up by the liver. The concentration of DC12 in the portal vein falls within the range identified in vitro as sufficient to inhibit citrate transport in hepatocytes.
Alternate Sampling Matrices for Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Immunosuppressants
Authors: Sallustio Benedetta C. 
Published: November 2024

Background:
Immunosuppressant (IS) therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) relies on measuring mostly pharmacologically inactive erythrocyte-bound and/or plasma protein–bound drug levels. Variations in hematocrit and plasma protein levels complicate interpretation of blood calcineurin inhibitor (CNI) and inhibitors of the molecular target of rapamycin (mTORi) concentrations. Variable binding of mycophenolic acid (MPA) to albumin similarly complicates its TDM in plasma. A different matrix may improve IS concentration–response relationships and better reflect exposures at sites of action.

Methods:
This review explores the evidence for IS TDM using peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC), graft tissue, and total or unbound plasma concentrations.

Results:
Tandem mass spectrometry provides the sensitivity for assessing these matrices. But several challenges must be addressed, including minimizing hemolysis during blood collection, preventing IS efflux during PBMC preparation, and determining the need for further purification of the PBMC fraction. Assessing and reducing nonspecific binding during separation of unbound IS are also necessary, especially for lipophilic CNIs/mTORi. Although TDM using PBMC or unbound plasma concentrations may not be feasible due to increased costs, plasma CNI/mTORi levels may be more easily integrated into routine TDM. However, no validated TDM targets currently exist, and published models to adjust blood CNI/mTORi concentrations for hematocrit or to predict PBMC, and total and unbound plasma IS concentrations have yet to be validated in terms of measured concentrations or prediction of clinical outcomes.

Conclusions:
Even if CNI/mTORi measurements in novel matrices do not become routine, they may help refine pharmacokinetic–pharmacodynamic relationships and improve mathematical models for TDM using whole blood. Notably, there is evidence to support measuring unbound MPA in patients with severe renal dysfunction, hypoalbuminemia, and hyperbilirubinemia, with some proposed TDM targets.
Progress to Life Transformation
Authors: Lashley Mary 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Persons experiencing homelessness have higher rates of substance abuse, poorer overall health, and higher mortality from opioid overdose than the general population. Measuring progress throughout the addictions recovery process in these populations is challenging, given the multitude of factors that impact the recovery journey among persons experiencing homelessness. Despite these challenges, outcome assessment is essential for informing the continued improvement of recovery programs and validating effectiveness of evidence-based interventions. To better track and monitor progress throughout a 1-year residential faith-based addictions recovery program, the leadership of a large homeless service and residential recovery organization adapted the Progress to Life Transformation Model, a model based upon self-sufficiency, to measure improvements in self-sufficiency and stability across a diverse range of life domains. The purpose of this paper was to describe the experience of a homeless provider organization as it attempted to measure the impact of its programs on the self-sufficiency of persons experiencing homelessness as they work through the addiction recovery process. This case study of an evidence-based best practice may be used to inform public health nursing practice when working with organizations seeking to measure progress in serving persons experiencing homelessness who are in recovery from chemical addictions.
Scenario Validation for Opioid Use Disorder Stigma-Related Nursing Simulations
Authors: Tyo Mirinda , Viveiros Jennifer , McCurry Mary , Avery-Desmarais Shannon , Schuler Monika , Kauranen Brianna 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Six high-fidelity simulations were developed to promote empathetic, evidence-based care devoid of stigma for individuals with opioid use disorder (OUD). Study aim was to validate simulation scenario and content for accuracy and clinical relevance.

Method
Simulations were video recorded in August 2022 for content validation. Expert assessment was conducted in September 2022 via focus groups using videoconferencing.

Results
A panel of OUD experts that included healthcare providers (n = 10), who were also nurse educators (n = 5) or family members affected by OUD (n = 1), validated simulation content. Thematic analysis identified themes: (a) strategies for enhancing realism, (b) recognition for diverse patients, (c) additional cueing to generate empathetic responses, (d) refining cueing to focus on stigma, (e) recognizing OUD as a chronic illness, (f) novel approach to standardized patients, and (g) limitations of mannequins.

Conclusion
Evaluation of simulations provided content validation increasing the potential effectiveness of the simulations to achieve desired learning outcomes.
Utilizing Academic Detailing Intervention to Increase Screening, Referral, and Treatment for Opioid Use Disorder Among Primary Care Providers in Randolph County
Authors: Foreman Jennifer Key , Knisely Mitchell , Layton Jennifer , Lord Jamison 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Opioid use disorder is a national epidemic that has killed over one million United States residents since 1999. Randolph County, North Carolina (NC) has a significantly higher rate of drug overdose and emergency-department-related visits than the NC state average. Primary care providers are well positioned to intervene and offer screening, referral, and treatment of opioid use disorder, yet this does not often occur.

Objective
This quality improvement project serves as a pilot to evaluate the effectiveness of academic detailing (AD) to increase screening, referral, and treatment of opioid use disorder as well as to increase knowledge of community resources available.

Methods
Face-to-face one-to-one AD was provided to primary care providers. Content included an overview of the diagnosis, standardized screening tools, management, and community resources available for referral. Assessments pre and post were conducted to evaluate screening, referral and treatment practices, knowledge of available community resources, barriers to providing services, and satisfaction with the AD event.

Results
AD did not result in change in frequency of screening or referral for treatment for OUD. None of the providers who participated in the intervention were prescribing buprenorphine prior to the event, nor were they after the event. Results indicated that there was an increase in the knowledge level of providers after AD with a change in median knowledge level from “I know about some resources in the area” to “I am very knowledgeable about area resources.” Barriers to screening, referral, and treatment were identified, with lack of time being the most frequently cited.

Conclusions
AD did not increase screening, referral, or treatment of OUD in this pilot project. However, there was an increase in knowledge of community resources related to OUD. AD is labor and time intensive and may be difficult to scale.

Implications for Nursing
Providers are well positioned to impact patient lives and increase screening, referral, and treatment for OUD in primary care settings. Continued work is needed to overcome barriers for getting patients adequate OUD treatment. Additional research is needed to ascertain if varied forms of AD would be more time and cost effective.
Nurse-Led Evidence-Based Diabetes Prevention Study
Authors: Adejumo Oluremi A. , Ogunbiyi Elizabeth O. , Chen Ling-Yin 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

Background
Clients with substance use disorders (SUDs) have a substantial risk of developing Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The connection between SUD and DM stems from rapid cell damage, pancreatic beta-cell dysfunction, and glucose dysregulation due to increased oxidative stress and decreased antioxidant activity. This study aims to reduce the risk of T2DM among individuals undergoing SUD recovery treatments.

Methods
This nurse-led diabetes prevention program, a 1-year-long, peer-based intervention, was implemented among clients at a federally funded, stand-alone drug addictions treatment center based on evidence that lifestyle modifications in dietary control, physical activity, and health behaviors can halt or delay the progression of Type 2 diabetes. Four trained peer educators delivered diabetes prevention interventions to a sample of individuals in drug addiction treatment in Nigeria. The nurse program leader provided weekly mentoring and guidance to the peer educators and collected, reviewed, and analyzed study participants' logs of weights and self-reported lifestyle modifications.

Results
There were significant differences in participants' behaviors pre- and post-lifestyle interventions, except in dairy product intakes as well as cigarette and cannabis use.

Conclusion
This diabetes prevention program is innovative and effective with this at-risk population. Interventions were delivered with minor financial resources.

Implications for Nursing and Patient Care
SUD treatment must address physical and psychological health and consider the heightened risks of chronic illness in this population. Preventing somatic diseases, such as T2DM, is vital to long-term health and well-being.
A Qualitative Study of Physician Assistant Student Reflections in a Service-Learning Community Clinic and the Influence on Professional Identity Formation
Authors: Giannelli Frank R. , Cogan-Drew Thea , Aceti Angelica , Di Prospero Elizabeth , Joseph Jennifer , Carbajal Alyssa M. , Gomes Jessica , O'Connell Claire , Rothpletz-Puglia Pamela 
Published: November 2024

Introduction
Service learning is a commonly used teaching modality in physician assistant (PA) programs; however, the literature analyzing the written reflections of PA students who participate in these experiences is limited. The purpose of this study was to describe the experiences of PA students who participated in a service-learning clinic through analysis of their written reflections.

Methods
An exploratory qualitative research design, using conventional content analysis, was used to examine the reflections of both didactic and clinical-phase PA students who participated in a service-learning clinic between 2016 and 2020.

Results
The results demonstrate that these experiences contribute to the professional identity formation (PIF) of PA students, with faculty role modeling being an important facilitator in the process. Our analysis shows that students, regardless of their role in the clinic, reported a positive experience, and the reflections showed elements of PIF.

Discussion
Service-learning clinics play an important role in the PIF for PA students, with role modeling by faculty clinicians being an important facilitator in this process.
Basic Bronchoscopy Competence Achieved by a Nationwide One-day Simulation-based Training
Authors: Gerretsen Eveline C. F. , Groenier Marleen , Annema Jouke T. , van der Heijden Erik H. F. M. , van Mook Walther N. K. A. , Aldenkamp Arnoud F. , Citgez Emanuel , Crombag Laurence M. M. J. , Hagmolen of ten Have Wanda , Hiddinga Birgitta I. , Hoppe Bart P. C. , Ninaber Maarten K. , van de Pol Marianne A. , Robberts Bas , Rutten Marijke , Sprooten Roy , Wagenaar Michiel , Smeenk Frank W. J. M. 
Published: November 2024

Background:
In 2020, a mandatory, nationwide 1-day bronchoscopy simulation-based training (SBT) course was implemented for novice pulmonology residents in the Netherlands. This pretest–posttest study was the first to evaluate the effectiveness of such a nationwide course in improving residents’ simulated basic bronchoscopy skills.

Methods:
After passing a theoretical test, residents followed a 1-day SBT course, available in 7 centers, where they practiced their bronchoscopy skills step-by-step on a virtual reality simulator under pulmonologist supervision. Residents practiced scope handling efficiency (task 1) and navigational skills combined with lung anatomy knowledge (task 2). Task 1 outcome measures were navigational skill simulator metrics: percentage of time at mid-lumen, percentage of time with scope-wall contact, procedure time (PT), number of wall contacts and number of wall contacts per minute of PT. Task 2 outcome measures were PT, observational assessment scores of a validated tool with a 5-point scale (1 representing the worst and 5 the best competence) and blinded dexterity assessments.

Results:
The study included 100 residents. All outcome measures of task 1 improved significantly (P<0.001), except for the number of wall contacts per minute of PT (4.3 [IQR 3.0 to 6.2] pre vs. 3.5 [IQR 2.6 to 5.3] post, P=0.07). For task 2, PT was reduced by 54% (10.3±2.7 minutes pre vs. 4.7±0.9 minutes post, P<0.001) with an improvement in overall-competence scores (2.0 [IQR 1.0 to 2.0] pre vs. 4.0 [IQR 4.0 to 5.0] post, P<0.001) and all dexterity parameters (P<0.001).

Conclusion:
Nationwide implementation of a SBT course led to rapid improvement of residents’ basic bronchoscopy skills while halving PT.