bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A educação do campo como caminho para a transformação social: notas desde o Triângulo Mineiro / Rural education as a path to social transformation: notes from the Triângulo Mineiro region
Authors: Souza Daniele Cristina , Valdanha Neto Diógenes 
Published: August 2018

A Educação do Campo, em destaque a questão das licenciaturas em Educação do Campo, é inserida no contexto da luta pela terra, da criminalização e opressão sofridas pelos sujeitos do campo. Este ensaio argumenta sobre a necessidade de superação de uma perspectiva ideológica disseminada na sociedade capitalista que criminaliza e oprime as lutas pela terra. Nesse cenário, a Educação do Campo é entendida como instrumento de resistência e formação humana emancipatória. Todavia, esta perspectiva educacional é permeada por várias contradições que expressam disputas entre os objetivos e propósitos indicados em sua origem pelos movimentos sociais e aqueles que surgiram a partir de sua apropriação e institucionalização pelo Estado, nas diferentes políticas públicas. Atenção especial precisa ser dada às licenciaturas em Educação do Campo, com maiores análises; pois, embora igualmente inseridas no contexto de precarização da expansão do Ensino Superior no Brasil, há agravantes que a fragilizam ainda mais em relação às demais licenciaturas, sobretudo por conta da possibilidade explícita de formação de professores do campo com o objetivo de contribuir para a transformação da sociedade capitalista, assim como os movimentos sociais demandam.Palavras-chave: Movimentos sociais; Transformação social; Formação de Professores; Licenciatura em Educação do Campo; Reforma Agrária. ABSTRACT: The Rural Education, highlightening the issue of teacher training, is inserted in the context of the struggle for land, criminalization and oppression suffered by the subjects of the field in the Triângulo Mineiro. This theoretical paper argues on the need to overcome a widespread ideological perspective in capitalist society that criminalizes and oppresses the struggle for land. In this scenario, the Rural Education is understood as an instrument of resistance and emancipatory human formation. However, this educational perspective is permeated by various contradictions that express a scientific field being disputed between the objectives and purposes stated its origin by social movements and those that have arisen from its ownership and institutionalization by the State in various public policies. Special attention needs to be given to Teacher’s Degree in Rural Education with further analysis, because although also inserted into the precariousness of the context of the expansion of higher education in Brazil, there are aggravating elements that are more weakening for it than in relation to other degrees, especially from the explicit possibility of rural teacher training to contribute to the transformation of capitalist society as social movements demand.Keywords: Social movements; Social transformation; Teacher training; Degree in Rural Education; Agrarian reform.
Ekologi Demokrasi: Temukan Cara-cara untuk Memiliki Kehidupan yang Kuat dalam Membentuk Masa Depan
Authors: Damaitu Emanuel Raja 
Published: August 2018

Buku ini merupakan salah satu buku yang membahas mengenai bagaimana konsep demokrasi yang seharusnya berjalan di masyarakat saat ini yang menekankan tidak hanya dengan memilih para wakilnya di parlemen melainkan turut serta dalam merumuskan solusi dalam menghadapi permasalahan yang ada di masyarakat. Berbeda dengan buku-buku mengenai demokrasi lainnya, buku ini mengajak pembaca untuk menggugat politik retorika para elit politik dan menjadi sebuah pemahaman yang baru kemudia ditarik mejadi politik kerja ‘warga’ dengan melibatkan kepedulian setiap orang. Demokrasi yang ditulis dalam buku ini adalah dalam bentuk sebuah partisipasi seluruh rakyat untuk memenuhi kebutuhan bersama (hlm.21). David Mathews mengajak para pembaca untuk melihat kembali konsep demokrasi Amerika yang masih mencari kembali konsep demokrasi yang sesungguhnya.
ON THE CREATION OF THE AUTOMATION SYSTEM RELATED TO SOCIAL-ECONOMIC MOVEMENTS OF PEOPLE
Authors: Rudikova L. V. , Danilchik V. V. 
Published: August 2018

Nowadays, it is considerable to develop a general concept and implement a system for storing and analyzing data related to socio-economic displacements of people. The population movement, related to long-term and short-term migrations, has an increasing nature, which directly affects the various fields of activity in a single country and the world community as a whole. The proposed article describes the subject area associated with socio-economic displacements of people, the key features of internal and external migrations are noted. Based on the subject area, the general architecture of the universal system of data storage and processing is proposed, which is based on the client-server architecture. A fragment of the data model, associated with the accumulation of data from external sources, is provided. General approaches of algorithms and data structures usage are proposed. The system architecture is described with the possibility of scaling both vertical and horizontal.The proposed system organizes the process of searching for data and filling the database from third-party sources. To do this, a module for collecting and converting information from third-party Internet sources and sending them to the database has developed. In the paper is noted the feature of the client application, which provides a convenient interface for analyzing data in the form of diagrams, graphs, maps, etc. The system is intended for various users interested in analyzing economic and social transfers, for example, to tourist organizations wishing to obtain statistics for a certain time, to airlines which could plan flights in one direction or another, as well as for state structures with the purpose of analyzing the migration flows of the population and developing appropriate strategy for their regulation.
Regional Variations of Bovine and Porcine Fecal Pollution as a Function of Landscape, Nutrient, and Hydrological Factors
Authors: Nshimyimana Jean Pierre , Martin Sherry L. , Flood Matthew , Verhougstraete Marc P. , Hyndman David W. , Rose Joan B. 
Published: August 2018

The effects of manure application in agriculture on surface water quality has become a local to global problem because of the adverse consequences on public health and food security. This study evaluated (i) the spatial distribution of bovine (cow) and porcine (pig) genetic fecal markers, (ii) how hydrologic factors influenced these genetic markers, and (iii) their variations as a function of land use, nutrients, and other physiochemical factors. We collected 189 samples from 63 watersheds in Michigan's Lower Peninsula during baseflow, spring melt, and summer rain conditions. For each sample, we quantified the concentrations of bovine and porcine genetic markers by digital droplet polymerase chain reaction and measured Escherichia coli, dissolved oxygen, pH, temperature, total phosphorus, total nitrogen, nitrate‐nitrite (NOX), ammonia (NH3), soluble reactive phosphorus, streamflow, and watershed specific precipitation. Bovine and porcine manure markers were ubiquitous in rivers that drain agricultural and natural fields across the study region. This study provides baseline conditions on the state of watershed impairment, which can be used to develop best management practices that could improve water quality. Similar studies should be performed with higher spatial sampling density to elucidate detailed factors that influence the transport of manure constituents.Core Ideas
Spatial transport of two fecal markers occurs as the seasons change and flows increase.
Streamflow was the strongest predictor of markers during spring melt and baseflow periods.
Watersheds with natural land uses were related to the increase of marker concentrations.
Impacted rivers with elevated markers could be identified for further study and remediation.
Escherichia coli Concentration as a Function of Stream Order and Watershed Size
Authors: Rafi Khurram , Wagner Kevin L. , Gentry Terry , Karthikeyan Raghupathy , Dube Amanda 
Published: August 2018

This research examines the relationship of Escherichia coli concentrations to stream order and watershed size and considers the implications on water quality standards. To assess geospatial effects, E. coli data were obtained from 743 monitoring stations in the Central Great Plains, Cross Timbers, and South Central Plains ecoregions of Texas and Oklahoma. Median and geometric mean E. coli concentrations were analyzed for correlation with stream order and watershed size at each site. Comparison of the three ecoregions revealed E. coli concentrations were highest in the westernmost Central Great Plains and lowest in the easternmost South Central Plains. Similarly, the strength of E. coli's correlation with stream order and watershed area decreased with ecoregion moving west to east. Thus, incorporating ecoregion approaches when defining stream water quality standards is supported. Analysis showed no significant relationship of stream order or watershed size to E. coli concentrations in least‐impacted watersheds (i.e., watersheds with minimal wastewater discharge and urbanization). Conversely, analysis of data from all sites showed a weak negative relationship between E. coli concentration and stream order and watershed size, with E. coli concentration generally decreasing with increasing stream order and watershed size. However, variability in smaller watersheds and lower‐order streams supports continued use of site‐specific studies to determine appropriate standards. Three‐parameter exponential models provided an approach to estimate E. coli concentrations using Shreve stream order and watershed area and identify outlier streams potentially affected by anthropogenic activities where further investigation or remediation may be warranted.Core Ideas
New methods are needed to develop E. coli standards for streams with no recreation.
Stream order was evaluated to assess its use for establishing E. coli standards.
Only a weak negative correlation was found between stream order and E. coli.
Incorporating ecoregion when defining stream water quality standards was supported.
Our findings support the use of site‐specific recreation use studies for small streams.
Assessing Pathogen Presence in an Intensively Tile Drained, Agricultural Watershed
Authors: Rieke E. L. , Moorman T. B. , Soupir M. L. , Yang F. , Howe A. 
Published: August 2018

Increases in swine production and concomitant manure application provide beneficial nutrients for crops but also include the potential to spread pathogenic bacteria in the environment. While manure is known to contain a variety of pathogens, little is known regarding the long‐term effect of manure application on fate and transport of this diverse set of pathogens into surrounding waterways. We report on the use of 16S‐rRNA gene sequencing to detect pathogen‐containing genera in the agriculturally dominated South Fork Iowa River watershed, home to approximately 840,000 swine in the 76,000‐ha basin. DNA was extracted from monthly grab samples collected from three surface water sites and two main artificial drainage outlets. DNA sequences from water samples were matched with sequences from genera known to contain pathogens using targeted 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. The specific genera known to contain pathogens were quantified by combining percentage of genera sequence matches with 16S rRNA gene quantitative polymerase chain reaction results. Specifically, abundances of Bacteroides, Clostridium sensu stricto, and Acinetobacter significantly increased in surface water after typical fall manure application. Additionally, the likely transport pathways for specific genera known to contain pathogens were identified. Surface water Enterobacter concentrations were influenced mainly by artificial drainage, whereas Clostridium sensu stricto was primarily transported to surface waters by runoff events. The results of this study will help us to understand environmental pathways that may be useful for mitigation of the diverse set of pathogenic genera transported in agroecosystems and the capability of manure application to alter existing microbial community structures.Core Ideas
Bacteroides increased in surface water following typical manure application.
Enterobacter was likely transported to surface water through artificial drainage.
Clostridium sensu stricto was primarily transported to surface water by overland flow.
Escherichia is not a suitable indicator of other genera known to contain pathogens in a water sample.
Performance Of Immobilized-Selected Microorganisms In The Biodegradation Of Textile Industry Waste Water
Authors: Handayani Novarina Irnaning , Setianingsih Nanik Indah , Moenir Misbachul 
Published: August 2018

Waste water from textile industry contain pollutant whit in certain concentration. To protect the environment and water bodies, wastewater containing pollutant must be treated before discharging into the environment. Anaerobic biological treatment has been used as a method in treating textile industry waste water. Several factors of conventional anaerobic treatment needs to be repaired in order to improve the performance of treating wastewater. A selected microorganisms as inoculum was expected to increase effectivity of waste water biodegradation. In this study a selected microorganisms was used as inoculum in the form of immobilized and free cells in anaerobic treatment of waste water from textile industry and compared with conventional sludge. Results from this study show that selected-immobilized microorganisms achieved the best performance due to its stability and efficiency in removing pollutant in the waste water. Mean while microorganisms in the form of free cells got the lowest performance in treating waste water, estimated due to its sensitivity of environmental conditions and having low mechanical strength of biomass.Immobilized cells succesfully treated waste water from textile industry, removal of pollutant in suspended solid parameter reached on 93,78% mean while, in oil grease, BOD5 and COD parameter reached on 99,13%, 81,54% and 64,94% respectively. Pollutant in amonia parameter has not been fully treated in this experiment due to condition of the experiment system was anaerobic instead of aerobic.
Inventory laboratorium jasa boga di SMK wilayah Mawitan Jawa Timur
Authors: Samar Samar , Mulyatiningsih Endang 
Published: August 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan hasil inventory Laboratorium Jasa Boga di SMK wilayah Mawitan Jawa Timur. Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kuantitif. Sumber data penelitian ini adalah laboratorium jasa boga di SMK wilayah Mawitan (Madiun, Ngawi dan Magetan). Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah teknik observasi, instrumen check list, menggunakan lembar check list, validitas instrumen menggunakan expert justment, reliabilitasnya menggunakan interobserver. Teknik analisis data menggunakan deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) Kualitas Ruang Praktik Dapur Latih semua sesuai standar spesifikasi dan mayoritas sangat layak (86%); (2) Kualitas Ruang Praktik Tata Hidang sangat layak pada tiga sekolah (47%), belum memiliki ruang praktik Tata Hidang pada empat sekolah (53%); (3) Kualitas Perabot dapur latih sangat layak (86%), kualitas layak (14%); (4) Kualitas Peralatan Dapur Latih sangat layak (57%), kuallitas layak (29%) dan kualitas tidak layak14%; (5) Kualitas Perabot Tata Hidang 29% tidaklayak, 57% layak dan 14% sangat layak; (6) Kualitas Peralatan Tata Hidang, 14% tidak layak, 57% layak, 29% sangat layak. THE INVENTORY FOOD SERVICE IN VOCASIONAL SCHOOL LABORATORY IN MAWITAN EAST JAVAAbstractThis study aims to get the inventory of food service vocational school laboratory in Mawitan East Java. This research was a descriptive quantitative. The data source of this research was the laboratory of food service of Vocational School in Mawitan region (Madiun, Ngawi and Magetan). The data were collected through observation, with instrument check list, made use of instrument check list, validity instrument made use of expert justment, reliability made use of interobserver. The data were analyzed using the descriptive quantitative. The results of the study are as follow: (1) The quality ofkicthen workshopwas appropriate with spesification standards and majority were very proper (86%); (2) The qualityof Food and Beverage Servicewas very properin the three schools (47%), four school (53%)did not have food and beverage serviceyet; (3) The quality of the kitchenworkshop furnitureswas very proper (86%), proper (14%); (4) The qualityof kicthen workshop equipment was very proper (57%), proper (29%) and unproper 14%; (5) The qualityof food and beverage service furnitureswas unproper 29%, proper 57% and very proper 14%; (6) The qualityof food and beverage service equipments wasunproper14%,proper57%,very proper 29%
La chaîne opératoire a 70 ans : qu’en ont fait les préhistoriens français
Authors: Audouze Françoise , Karlin Claudine 
Published: August 2018

L’article porte sur l’origine et le développement de l’école française de technologie préhistorique. En remontant aux sources, les auteurs montrent comment la chaîne opératoire, concept proposé par A. Leroi-Gourhan, ethnologue et préhistorien, a d’abord été développé par les ethnologues puis appliqué à l’étude du lithique préhistorique en liaison avec eux.
La découverte du site de plein air de Pincevent a permis à Leroi-Gourhan de développer ses idées quant à une approche ethnographique d’une occupation préhistorique et les remontages de silex qui restituent les séquences de débitages ont été pour la première fois utilisées de façon systématique. La lecture de ces remontages a conduit à développer le concept de chaîne opératoire. Parallèlement J. Tixier concevait une méthode d’étude spécifiquement adaptée à l’analyse des productions taillées lithiques en s’appuyant sur la lecture de débitages expérimentaux pratiqués par son équipe. La mise en commun des idées développées par Tixier et son équipe et par le laboratoire d’Ethnologie préhistorique de Leroi-Gourhan, la pratique de l’expérimentation, de la taille du silex et des remontages de nucléus a conduit à des développements qui ont porté d’abord sur les techniques et méthodes de taille. Puis cette coopération a permis d’affiner une identification des niveaux de compétence, de l’apprentissage à la haute performance, puis, au delà, une reconnaissance des individus tailleurs à partir de caractéristiques idiosyncratiques de débitage. S’ouvrait ainsi le chemin vers l’analyse du domaine économique et enfin des domaines cognitif et social à partir de l’organisation spatiale d’habitats du Paléolithique supérieur.
Le concept et tous les champs de recherche qu’ouvrait son application ont ensuite été adoptés dans d’autres domaines que le lithique : l’os, la céramique, le métal, l’archéozoologie et le funéraire, impliquant le développement de critères appropriés et de techniques d’observation et d’expérimentation adaptées au matériau ou aux pratiques. Tout en s’appuyant sur les acquis, deux démarches récentes portant sur le moyen et long terme ouvrent de nouvelles pistes.
Flexibilité, vision dynamique des processus et connexion structurelle de la sphère technique à toutes les dimensions humaines font de la chaîne opératoire une efficace machine à penser les processus de production et leur place dans la société.
Cultura hip hop: Batalha dos Bombeiros - entre rimas e reivindicações.
Authors: E Silva Amanda Rosiéli Fiuza , Da Silva Sandra Rúbia , Da Silva Jonária França 
Published: August 2018

Neste artigo descrevo os resultados obtidos através da experiência de uma pesquisa etnográfica intitulada “Batalha dos Bombeiros: elementos da cultura hip hop como ferramenta de resistência sociopolítica”. A investigação analisou se a Batalha dos Bombeiros, evento da cultura hip hop da cidade de Santa Maria/RS, pode ser considerado um espaço de representações e reivindicações sociopolíticas. O objetivo foi compreender como e quais são as práticas que auxiliam na construção do caráter de resistência sociopolítica da cultura hip hop na Batalha dos Bombeiros. A metodologia utilizada foi a etnografia e como procedimento metodológico foi realizada a técnica de entrevista individual em profundidade. As observações participantes ocorreram durante cinco meses consecutivos do ano de 2014. E as entrevistas foram realizadas com sete jovens que classificados entre organizadores da Batalha dos Bombeiros, integrantes da cultura hip hop e espectadores do evento. A investigação revelou a Batalha dos Bombeiros como cenário de múltiplos significados, isto é, a praça onde são desenvolvidas práticas culturais constitui-se em um espaço simbólico de resistência onde jovens oriundos das periferias da cidade, por meio das expressões culturais e da apropriação do espaço público, manifestam suas lutas sociais e reivindicam melhores condições de vida. Assim, a Batalha dos Bombeiros é um espaço de articulações políticas, vivências e experiências, um legítimo espaço de resistência sociopolítica.
PAN. EL VAGABUNDEO DEL MÚSICO PASTOR
Authors: Colombani María Cecíclia 
Published: August 2018

El proyecto del presente trabajo consiste en recorrer el Himno Homérico XIX a Pan a fin de relevar ciertas marcas identitarias y algunos aspectos funcionales de Pan, una divinidad desconocida para Homero y Hesiodo que no lo nombran en sus referencias a los Olimpicos. Aparece como un dios cornudo, con patas de cabra, de imagen lasciva, peligroso e irascible, inscrito en el limite de la tension entre naturaleza y cultura. Proponemos una primera aproximacion a su imagen de la mano del soporte ceramico como modo de cruzar dos lenguajes, dos ordenes discursivos, con sus reglas propias de funcionamiento, dos logoi que, en su entrecruzamiento textual, nos permitiran un acceso mas profundo a la materialidad del topico. Desde esta perspectiva, los “vasos” hablan, constituyen un soporte de imagineria que nos permite acercarnos a la representacion de Pan, de modo analogo a la entrada que nos habilitan las fuentes, que analizaremos paralelamente.
Etnomatemática e infâncias brincantes
Authors: De Proença Alexandrini Érica Helena 
Published: August 2018

Problematizo neste texto a condição do ser criança no espaço e tempo da Educação Infantil, na busca de compreensão do desenvolvimento integral nas infâncias brincantes, considerando a cultura no processo educativo, em acordo com os pressupostos da Etnomatemática, que está relacionado a realidade mais próxima da criança, na qual ela conhece, interage e possibilita o apreender de novos conceitos. Abordo, brevemente, a produção das culturas infantis entre crianças pequenas e descrevo duas experiências brincantes com crianças da Educação Infantil no município de Campinas, do CEI “João Vialta”, no ano de 2014; uma fazendo massa de modelar com pó de café e outra confeccionando de brinquedos com materiais recicláveis, que possibilitaram interações entre a escola e a família e o apreender de saberes da cultura local. O brincar e o apreender na reutilização de materiais recicláveis podem contribuir para afastar as crianças do consumismo desenfreado de brinquedos industrializados, que focam o público infantil no intuito de vender cada vez mais seus produtos e acumular capital.

Palavras-chave: Educação Infantil, Etnomatemática, múltiplas linguagens.