bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Geometrical constraints for membrane polarization
Authors: Hördt Andreas , Bairlein Katharina , Bücker Matthias , Stebner Hermann 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACTMembrane polarization is one process that might describe the causes of induced polarization in sediments at the pore scale. Here, we investigate the practical relevance of one particular model, which consists of two cylindrical pores with different radii r and lengths L, for which the impedance can be calculated analytically. We derive approximate equations that relate polarizabilities and relaxation times directly to r and L. Based on these relations and on a systematic exploration of the parameter space, we investigate under which conditions membrane polarization is relevant in the sense that it produces measurable phase shifts in the frequency range typically observed in the laboratory or at the field scale.In principle, a wide range of spectra can be obtained. Maximum phase shifts up to hundreds of milliradian can be simulated, and the characteristic time scales cover the entire range typically measured in the laboratory. We discuss some specific constraints in the context of results from mercury injection porosimetry and recently published laboratory data and show that the required geometries are not unrealistic, even if a moderate ratio between pore length and width is included as an additional condition. We conclude that membrane polarization as a possible mechanism is not limited to a particular frequency range. We also provide evidence that the pore length of the wide pore is likely to control the measured relaxation times in practical situations. The results encourage further attempts to combine impedances of two‐pore systems to approach the simulation of real sediments, with the aim to extract pore space parameters from measured data.
Simulation of membrane polarization of porous media with impedance networks
Authors: Stebner Hermann , Halisch Matthias , Hördt Andreas 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACTThe spectral induced polarization method is supposed to have some potential to provide useful information on hydraulic properties of the subsurface. One difficulty for the practical implementation is the simulation of underlying physical processes at the pore scale and their upscaling to hydraulically relevant scales. We extend an existing semi‐analytical membrane polarization model to two‐ and three‐dimensional impedance networks, which are numerically solved to obtain a spectral induced polarization response that can be compared to measured data.The original model consists of two cylinders with different sizes. The model has been shown to be able to reproduce some basic features of spectral induced polarization spectra measured in the laboratory, but it is unable to meet the complexity of macroscopic porous media structures, which can be found within unconsolidated sediments or rocks. To approach realistic pore space geometry, we connect different combinations of cylinders to networks. We treat the smaller of the two cylinders as a pore throat. The pore throat distribution in the network is chosen by matching measured pore throat radii distributions obtained from the mercury injection method. The large cylinder is treated as the (large) pore body, and its radii are associated to the pore throats using existing relationships.We compare the behaviour of the networks with real porous media by using sandstone samples for which both the electrical and petrophysical properties have been measured. We adjust the geometrical parameters of the network, i.e., pore lengths, pore radii, and their relative occurrences, such that they match the measured parameters (specific internal surface area, pore throat distribution, and porosity) of the sandstone samples. The measured spectral induced polarization parameters, like the maximum phase shift and the characteristic relaxation time, are qualitatively consistent with our simulation results.
Pore‐scale modelling of complex conductivity of saturated granular materials
Authors: Niu Qifei , Zhang Chi 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACTThe complex conductivity method has been frequently used in solving hydrogeological, engineering, and environmental problems in practice. Macroscopic geophysical responses are governed by pore‐scale rock properties; therefore, a clear petrophysical understanding of how the pore‐scale structure controls electric conduction and polarization in geomaterials is necessary to fully interpret laboratory‐/field‐scale geophysical observations. In this study, we have developed a pore‐scale numerical approach to calculate the complex conductivity of water‐saturated granular materials. This physics‐based model has advantage over phenomenological or empirical models such that the intrinsic relations between pore structure and geoelectrical signals could be revealed. In the modelling, the influence of electrical double layer, which is quantified by complex surface conductance, can be converted to an apparent volumetric complex conductivity of either solid particles or pore fluid. The effective complex conductivity of the sample is determined by directly solving the finite‐difference representation of the Laplace equation in the domain of a representative elementary volume. The numerical approach is tested on one synthetic sample and one glass beads sample. For the synthetic sample, the consistency between the numerical and the analytical solution confirms the accuracy of the approach. Comparison with experimental measurements of the glass beads sample reported previously indicates that the developed numerical approach can well reproduce the key characteristics of the complex conductivity of water‐saturated granular materials in the frequency range between 10‐1 and 104 Hz. Furthermore, the numerical examples also show that the proposed approach can capture the salinity‐dependent electric conduction and polarization in saturated granular materials.
Very old firn air linked to strong density layering at Styx Glacier, coastal Victoria Land, East Antarctica
Authors: Jang Youngjoon , Hong Sang Bum , Buizert Christo , Lee Hun-Gyu , Han Sang-Young , Yang Ji-Woong , Iizuka Yoshinori , Hori Akira , Han Yeongcheol , Jun Seong Joon , Tans Pieter , Choi Taejin , Kim Seong-Joong , Hur Soon Do , Ahn Jinho 
Published: September 2019

Abstract. Firn air provides plenty of old air from the near past, and can therefore be
useful for understanding human impact on the recent history of the
atmospheric composition. Most of the existing firn air records cover only
the last several decades (typically 40 to 55 years) and are insufficient to
understand the early part of anthropogenic impacts on the atmosphere. In
contrast, a few firn air records from inland sites, where temperatures and
snow accumulation rates are very low, go back in time about a century. In
this study, we report an unusually old firn air effective CO2 age of 93 years from Styx Glacier, near the Ross Sea coast in Antarctica. This is the
first report of such an old firn air age (>55 years) from a warm
coastal site. The lock-in zone thickness of 12.4 m is larger than at other
sites where snow accumulation rates and air temperature are similar.
High-resolution X-ray density measurements demonstrate a high variability of
the vertical snow density at Styx Glacier. The CH4 mole fraction and
total air content of the closed pores also indicate large variations in
centimeter-scale depth intervals, indicative of layering. We hypothesize that the
large density variations in the firn increase the thickness of the lock-in
zone and, consequently, increase the firn air ages because the age of firn
air increases more rapidly with depth in the lock-in zone than in the
diffusive zone. Our study demonstrates that all else being equal, sites
where weather conditions are favorable for the formation of large density
variations at the lock-in zone preserve older air within their open
porosity, making them ideal places for firn air sampling.
A Street for All? Pluralism and the Performing Arts inJalan Sesama(IndonesianSesame Street)
Authors: Clendinning Elizabeth 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThis article examines traditional Indonesian performing arts scenes used in the Indonesian television program Jalan Sesama (the local version of American Sesame Street) as a means of teaching children across the nation about the country’s cultural diversity. I use close analyses of five geographically disparate regional art forms portrayed in the program to explore how their depictions reveal tensions between traditional performing arts and mass media, regionalism and nationalism, and religiousness and secularism in Indonesia. I argue that such portrayals supplant the pedagogical lessons inherent in the original art forms, replacing them with a more homogeneous appreciation of cultural diversity as a national civic good.Abstrak. Artikel ini membahas pengunaan seni pertunjukan tradisional Indonesia yang digunakan di dalam program televisi Jalan Sesama (versi Indonesia program Sesame Street di Amerika) sebagai sarana untuk mengajar anak-anak di seluruh Indonesia tentang keragaman budaya negara itu. Saya menganalisa lima jenis seni pertunjukan dari berbagai daerah yang ditampilkan dalam program untuk menjelajahi bagaimana mereka mengungkapkan ketegangan di antara seni pertunjukan tradisional dan media massa, secara kedaerahan maupun secara nasional, maupun keagamaan dan diluar agama di Indonesia. Saya berpendapat bahwa hal seperti ini mengubah pelajaran pedagogis yang melekat dalam seni asli dan menggantikannya dengan apresiasi lebih umum tentang keragaman budaya sebagai masyarakat nasional.
Toward a Humanist Approach to Historic Preservation
Authors: Heath Kingston Wm. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThis essay is an attempt to describe a humanist approach to historic preservation that has evolved over a research and teaching career begun in 1976. It addresses how that approach has been manifested in my own work and in some of the work of my students and colleagues. The humanist approach discussed herein seeks to demonstrate how tracing layers of cultural development informs the public about environmental and human intervention over time. It also seeks to tell complete, interwoven histories that inform us about diverse identities in the process of placemaking.
Precipitation Process of CaCO3 from Natural Limestone for Functional Materials
Authors: Baqiya Malik Anjelh , Lailiyah Qudsiyyatul , Riyanto Agus , Arifin Zaenal , Triwikantoro  , Zainuri Mochamad , Pratapa Suminar , Darminto  
Published: September 2019

Abstract
This article aims to report on the production of precipitated CaCO3, with various morphologies and particle sizes through several methods, namely carbonation methods with CO2 gas bubbling, rapid mixing of the solutions, and carbonation with modified bubbling techniques. The simple bubbling method was performed by flowing CO2 gas into Ca(OH)2 solution until precipitation occurs. This method can produce calcite particles up to 100% at the intermediate temperatures. In the modified bubbling technique, the gas flow was interrupted by a breaker and porous material with variation of stirring speeds. Through this technique, it produces 99% aragonite particles at higher temperatures. Additionally, 95% spherically vaterite particles with porous structures can also be produced by the rapid mixing solution method at the low temperatures. Depending on the reaction temperature, pH and concentration of the solution, and CO2 gas flow rate, these methods provide alternative routes for producing precipitated CaCO3 particles from natural limestone extraction with certain morphology and particle size for additional applications.
Recherche d’images dans les bibliothèques numériques patrimoniales et expérimentation de techniques d’apprentissage profond
Authors: Moreux Jean-Philippe 
Published: September 2019

Si historiquement, les bibliothèques numériques patrimoniales furent d’abord alimentées par des images, elles profitèrent rapidement de la technologie OCR pour indexer les collections imprimées afin d’améliorer le service de recherche d’information offert aux utilisateurs. Mais l’accès aux ressources iconographiques n’a pas connu les mêmes progrès et ces dernières demeurent dans l’ombre : indexation manuelle lacunaire, hétérogène et impossible à généraliser ; silos par genre documentaire ; recherche dans le contenu des images encore peu opérationnelle sur les collections patrimoniales. Aujourd’hui, il serait pourtant possible de mieux valoriser ces ressources en exploitant les énormes volumes d’OCR produits durant les deux dernières décennies (tant comme descripteur textuel que pour l’identification automatique des illustrations des imprimés), en profitant de la maturité des techniques d’intelligence artificielle (en particulier l’apprentissage profond ou deep learning), pour mettre ainsi en valeur ces gravures, dessins, photographies, cartes, etc., pour leur valeur propre, mais aussi comme point d’entrée dans les collections, en favorisant découverte et rebond.
Cet article décrit une approche ETL (extract-transform-load) appliquée aux images d’une bibliothèque numérique à vocation encyclopédique : identifier et extraire l’iconographie partout où elle se trouve (dans les collections d’images, mais aussi dans les imprimés) ; transformer, harmoniser et enrichir ses métadonnées descriptives grâce à l’IA ; intégrer ces données dans une application web dédiée à la recherche iconographique. Cette approche est qualifiée de pragmatique à double titre, puisqu’il s’agit de valoriser des ressources numériques existantes tout en mettant à profit les acquis de l’IA.
The co-expression networks of differentially expressed RBPs with TFs and LncRNAs related to clinical TNM stages of cancers
Authors: Lian Shuaibin , Li Liansheng , Zhou Yongjie , Liu Zixiao , Wang Lei 
Published: September 2019

Background
RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) play important roles in cellular homeostasis by regulating the expression of thousands of transcripts, which have been reported to be involved in human tumorigenesis. Despite previous reports of the dysregulation of RBPs in cancers, the degree of dysregulation of RBPs in cancers and the intrinsic relevance between dysregulated RBPs and clinical TNM information remains unknown. Furthermore, the co-expressed networks of dysregulated RBPs with transcriptional factors and lncRNAs also require further investigation.

Results
Here, we firstly analyzed the deviations of expression levels of 1,542 RBPs from 20 cancer types and found that (1) RBPs are dysregulated in almost all 20 cancer types, especially in BLCA, COAD, READ, STAD, LUAD, LUSC and GBM with proportion of deviation larger than 300% compared with non-RBPs in normal tissues. (2) Up- and down-regulated RBPs also show opposed patterns of differential expression in cancers and normal tissues. In addition, down-regulated RBPs show a greater degree of dysregulated expression than up-regulated RBPs do. Secondly, we analyzed the intrinsic relevance between dysregulated RBPs and clinical TNM information and found that (3) Clinical TNM information for two cancer types—CHOL and KICH—is shown to be closely related to patterns of differentially expressed RBPs (DE RBPs) by co-expression cluster analysis. Thirdly, we identified ten key RBPs (seven down-regulated and three up-regulated) in CHOL and seven key RBPs (five down-regulated and two up-regulated) in KICH by analyzing co-expression correlation networks. Fourthly, we constructed the co-expression networks of key RBPs between 1,570 TFs and 4,147 lncRNAs for CHOL and KICH, respectively.

Conclusions
These results may provide an insight into the understanding of the functions of RBPs in human carcinogenesis. Furthermore, key RBPs and the co-expressed networks offer useful information for potential prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for patients with cancers at the N and M stages in two cancer types CHOL and KICH.
Microwave-assisted Synthesis, Characterization, Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities of 1-Benzyl-3-[(4-Methylphenyl)Imino]-Indolin-2-One and Its Co(II) Complex
Authors: Ikotun Adebomi A. , Omolekan Tolulope O. 
Published: September 2019

Aims: To develop a simple, efficient microwave-assisted synthetic method to prepare 1-Benzyl-3-[(4-methylphenyl)imino]-indolin-2-one and its Co(II) complex, characterize and ascertain their biological significance.
Place and Duration of Study: School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Wales, United Kingdom (November, 2007); Department of Chemistry & Industrial Chemistry, Department of Biological Sciences and Department of Biochemistry, Bowen University, Iwo, Nigeria (September 2015 and June 2018).
Methodology: N-benzylisatin and 4-methylaniline were microwave irradiated in acetic acid to give 1-Benzyl-3-[(4-methylphenyl)imino]-indolin-2-one (C22H18N2O, L; 58 %). L was microwave irradiated with CoCl2.6H2O in ethanol to yield its Co(II) complex. L was characterized using 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, IR and Electronic spectra analyses, exact mass and melting point. IR and Electronic Spectra analyses with melting point confirmed the Co(II) complex was formed. The in-vitro antimicrobial activities of L were evaluated against three gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis and Haemolytic Staphylococcus aureus), three gram-negative bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Klebsiella sp.) and three fungi (Aspergillus niger, Trichoderma viride and Penicillium citrinum). The IC50 of L and its Co(II) complex were carried out against DPPH, H2O2 and NO radicals, as well as their reducing power abilities.
Results: Antimicrobial studies revealed L was active against Pseudomonas aeruginosa with a high zone of inhibition (thrice that of tetracycline) and Penicillium citrinum. The IC50 of L against DPPH, H2O2 and NO radicals were 0.561 ± 0.02, 0.3 ± 0.01 and 0.53 ± 0.01 μg/ml respectively, while they were 0.200 ± 0.01, 0.9 ± 0.02 and 0.26± 0.03 μg/ml for Co(II) complex. Their reducing power abilities at IC50 were 0.53 μg/ml (for L) and 0.6 ± 0.03 μg/ml (the complex).
Conclusion: L was synthesized within 15 min and its Co(II) complex within 5 min. L showed good free radical scavenging activities and reducing power when compared with ascorbic acid, while its Co(II) complex even performed better.
PEMETAAN IMAGE KONSUMEN TERHADAP PRODUK WHITE COFFEE DI HYPERMART BANGKALAN
Authors: Khasan Umar , Fauziyah Elys 
Published: September 2019

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengidentifikasi proses keputusan pembelian, menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi pembelian dan peta image konsumen terhadap produk kopi putih (White Coffee). Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Hypermart Bangkalan. Sampel diambil dengan metode Accidental Sampling. Data dianalisis dengan metode diskriptif kualitatif dan korespondensi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa proses keputusan pembelian kopi putih (White Coffee) terdiri dari lima tahap yaitu pengenalan kebutuhan, pencarian informasi, evaluasi alternatif, proses keputusan pembelian, dan perilaku pasca pembelian. Sedangkan faktor yang mempengaruhi keputusan pembelian kopi putih adalah situasi atau waktu dan usia. Berdasarkan analisis korespondensi didapatkan kemiripan beberapa atribut pada produk-produk kopi putih.
Relação escola, educação e a luta de classes e seus papéis na formação do sujeito revolucionário
Authors: Brito Breno Pascal de Lacerda , Moreno Victor Montalvão , Gomes Thayse Ancilla Maria de Melo 
Published: September 2019

<p>O atual ensaio tem como objetivo tratar do papel que a escola exerce na formação ideológica das pessoas e da necessidade da construção do sujeito político. Para tal será discutido o posicionamento da escola e a conformação dos meios educacionais, refletindo a partir do movimento das ocupações escolares que ocorrem em 2015 no Brasil, e da Pedagogia Histórico-Crítica, mecanismos e possibilidades que podem contribuir para uma formação revolucionária. </p>
Método de formação política da escola nacional Florestan Fernandes do MST
Authors: Mariano Alessandro Santos , Lombardi José Claudinei 
Published: September 2019

O objetivo deste artigo é refletir sobre o método de formação política Escola Nacional Florestan Fernandes, uma escola coordenada pelo Movimento dos Trabalhadores Rurais Sem Terra e que tem como principal papel a formação de militantes de movimentos e organizações populares do Brasil e outros países. A ENFF assume a concepção marxista de construção e socialização do conhecimento (MARX, 1987) e a orientação pedagógica da Pedagogia Socialista (PISTRAK, 2009), da Educação Popular (FREIRE, 2005 e da Pedagogia do Movimento (CALDART, 2004). Essa perspectiva pedagógica referencia-se no trabalho como princípio educativo, como práxis que articula a prática com o estudo, em organicidade com a arte e a cultura. A ENFF adota uma perspectiva contra hegemônico, direcionando seu trabalho para a formação da consciência de classe, por meio da socialização de conhecimentos de filosofia, de história e economia de política, considerados necessários para a formação crítica de sujeitos sociais que atuam com vistas à transformação revolucionária da sociedade, superando o capitalismo e avançando em direção ao socialismo, entendendo este como uma fase de transição para o comunismo.
T‐cell depleted HLA‐haploidentical HSCT in a child with neuromyelitis optica
Authors: Ceglie Giulia , Papetti Laura , Figà Talamanca Lorenzo , Lucarelli Barbarella , Algeri Mattia , Gaspari Stefania , Li Pira Giuseppina , Colafati Giovanna‐Stefania , Montanari Mauro , Valeriani Massimiliano , Locatelli Franco , Merli Pietro 
Published: September 2019

AbstractNeuromyelitis optica is an immune‐mediated disease characterized by a relapsing course, resulting in progressive disability. In children, given the long life expectancy, a disease‐modifying treatment could be particularly desirable. Unfortunately, the currently available treatment strategies with this potential are scarce. Very limited data are available about the use of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) for autoimmune neurological diseases. In this report, we present a pediatric case successfully treated with allogeneic HSCT from an HLA‐haploidentical donor, after ex vivo TCR/CD19‐depletion of the graft. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of a pediatric patient to benefit from such a treatment.
Achieving Both High Voltage and High Capacity in Aqueous Zinc‐Ion Battery for Record High Energy Density
Authors: Ma Longtao , Li Na , Long Changbai , Dong Binbin , Fang Daliang , Liu Zhuoxin , Zhao Yuwei , Li Xinliang , Fan Jun , Chen Shimou , Zhang Suojiang , Zhi Chunyi 
Published: September 2019

AbstractIn this work, a high‐voltage output and long‐lifespan zinc/vanadium oxide bronze battery using a Co0.247V2O5⋅0.944H2O nanobelt is developed. The high crystal architecture could enable fast and reversible Zn2+ intercalation/deintercalation at highly operational voltages. The developed battery exhibits a high voltage of 1.7 V and delivers a high capacity of 432 mAh g−1 at 0.1 A g−1. The capacity at voltages above 1.0 V reaches 227 mAh g−1, which is 52.54% of the total capacity and higher than the values of all previously reported Zn/vanadium oxide batteries. Further study reveals that, compared with the pristine vanadium oxide bronze, the absorption energy for Zn2+ increases from 1.85 to 2.24 eV by cobalt ion intercalation. Furthermore, it also shows a high rate capability (163 mAh g−1 even at 10 A g−1) and extraordinary lifespan over 7500 cycles, with a capacity retention of 90.26%. These performances far exceed those for all reported zinc/vanadium oxide bronze batteries. Subsequently, a nondrying and antifreezing tough flexible battery with a high energy density of 432 Wh kg−1 at 0.1 A g−1 is constructed, and it reveals excellent drying and freezing tolerance. This research represents a substantial advancement in vanadium materials for various battery applications, achieving both a high discharge voltage and high capacity.