bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The promising role of PAX1 (aliases: HUP48, OFC2) gene methylation in cancer screening
Authors: Fang Chao , Wang Sai‐Ying , Liou Yu‐Ligh , Chen Ming‐Hua , Ouyang Wen , Duan Kai‐Ming 
Published: January 2019

AbstractBackgroundPaired‐box gene 1 (PAX1), a member of the PAX family, plays a role in pattern formation during embryogenesis, and might be essential for development of the vertebral column.MethodsPAX1 is silenced by methylation in several cancers and is considered a tumor suppressor gene. Our previous studies reported PAX1 as hypermethylated in cervical cancer tissues, thereby suggesting it as a potential screening marker. Recently, an increasing number of studies have confirmed PAX1 methylation as a promising biomarker in cervical cancer based on its excellent discriminatory ability between high‐grade cervical lesions and normal tissues, resulting in a reduced necessity for referral for colposcopy and biopsy. Additionally, PAX1 is also hypermethylated in other tumors, including those associated with epithelial ovarian cancer, esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, and endometrial carcinoma, and shows relatively good sensitivity and specificity for the detection of these tumors.ResultsThis review summarizes reports of PAX1 methylation and its promising role in cancer screening, especially that associated with cervical cancer.ConclusionAccording to current evidence, combined testing for human papillomavirus and PAX1 methylation analysis represents an efficacious cervical cancer‐screening protocol.
Convergence of a Disease and Litigation Leading to Increased Scallop Discard Mortality and Economic Loss in the Georges Bank Fishery
Authors: Stokesbury Kevin D. E. , Bethoney N. David , Georgianna Daniel , Inglis Susan , Keiley Emily 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Rotational management in the Atlantic sea scallop Placopecten magellanicus fishery has focused on closing areas to fishing when a high proportion of small scallops is observed in a discrete area, but less attention has been paid to reopening closed areas to prevent poor meat quality. In this fishery there are several large marine protected areas, including Closed Area I of Georges Bank. Intense drop camera surveys of Closed Area I in 1999 led to incorporating a 700-km2 area into the rotational management scheme. There was a larger abundance of scallops to the south of this area, and these were made available for harvest in 2005, but this fishery was closed in 2006 when the management plan was overturned by a federal court decision. When the area was reopened again in 2011, however, the expected harvest was not achieved. Although fishermen harvested the scallops and opened the shells to extract the meat, they found that many of the meats were gray and not of marketable quality and so they discarded them. The gray meats were linked to a highly pathogenic apicomplexan infection. There was a 52% decline in exploitable biomass between 2011 and 2013 (7,300 metric tons, representing a gross revenue of US$170 million) that could not be attributed to a reduction in landings, resulting in a failure to complete the allotted trips. The scallop rotation management plan has been extremely successful overall, with 69 of the access area trips harvesting over 80% of the allocation; however, increased monitoring of meat quality would further improve management.
Impact of Implementation of the American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition Model for Parenteral Nutrition Order Writing and Review on Competency, Attitudes, and Perceptions
Authors: Solomon Diana M. , Emery Elizabeth Zorzanello , Kavelak Haley L. , Pontiggia Laura , Hollands James M. , Bingham Angela L. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (ASPEN) parenteral nutrition (PN) safety consensus recommendations advise a comprehensive education program and competency assessment for all healthcare professionals involved in the care of patients receiving PN. The ASPEN‐model papers provide guidance for designing PN competencies for prescribers, pharmacists, and pharmacy technicians. The purpose of this research was to evaluate the impact of a comprehensive educational program that aligns with the ASPEN model on PN competency, attitudes, and perceptions in a multidisciplinary healthcare professional audience.MethodsDietitians, pharmacists, and physicians attended a 3‐hour ASPEN model–based educational program focused on PN order writing and review. Matched preeducation and posteducation competency assessments were completed by attendees. Attitudes and perceptions were also assessed before and after the educational program using 5‐point Likert scales.ResultsNinety‐seven subjects were included in the analysis. The majority of attendees were dietitians (53.6%), followed by pharmacists (45.4%). Overall, multidisciplinary competency assessment scores improved by an average of 12.6% (preassessment average of 62.7%, postassessment average of 75.3%, P < 0.0001). Nine out of 10 statements regarding PN attitudes and perceptions significantly improved on the 5‐point Likert scales (P < 0.05).ConclusionA comprehensive PN educational program in alignment with the ASPEN model positively impacted multidisciplinary healthcare professional PN competency, attitudes, and perceptions. To optimize patient safety, local organizations and institutions should implement formalized training as outlined by the ASPEN model for healthcare professionals involved in the care of patients receiving PN.
Hybrid annuity model: Hamming risk allocations in Indian highway public–private partnerships
Authors: Garg Swapnil , Mahapatra Diptiranjan 
Published: January 2019

A new public–private partnership (PPP) model, that is, hybrid annuity model (HAM) was introduced in 2016, to revive investments in the Indian highway infrastructure and to remedy the troubled relationship between the public and private sectors. This model marked a significant policy departure in the management of long‐ and short‐term public interest, which is inherent to public utilities and service delivery.Through a dispassionate lens, this paper critically examines the extent to which HAM has fulfilled its stated objectives. The analysis of project award data provides mixed empirical evidence of HAM's early success. As a positive policy imperative, HAM has been able to attract private participation in highway infrastructure by readjustment of risk allocations, and hence, it is a welcome step forward in improving public affairs. Worryingly though, HAM also brought about extensive de‐risking of the private sector, with evidence of rendering risk retention, that is, “skin‐in‐the‐game” by the less significant private infrastructure investors, and thereby adversely impacting development priorities. We find that HAM has taken the reengagement of private sector two steps back in management of PPP affairs.Recognizing that a true performance assessment is unlikely at this early stage of HAM introduction, the paper adopts a more analytical stance in identifying possible pitfalls based upon the telltale signs presented by project bidding and award data. This study offers fresh insight and course correction on the role of government and other stakeholders in this newly introduced PPP template.
Nonaspirin Nonsteroidal Antiinflammatory Drug Use in the Nordic Countries from a Cardiovascular Risk Perspective, 2000–2016: A Drug Utilization Study
Authors: Kristensen Kasper Bruun , Karlstad Øystein , Martikainen Jaana E. , Pottegård Anton , Wastesson Jonas W. , Zoega Helga , Schmidt Morten 
Published: January 2019

Study ObjectiveEvidence on the cardiotoxicity of nonaspirin nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), particularly diclofenac and the newer selective cyclooxygenase (COX)‐2 inhibitors, has accumulated over the last decade. Our objective was to examine whether the use of NSAIDs in the Nordic countries changed with the emerging evidence, regulatory statements, and clinical guidelines advocating caution for the use of specific NSAIDs.DesignDrug utilization study.Data SourcesNationwide wholesale statistics and prescription registries in Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden (2000–2016).Measurements and Main ResultsOur main outcome measures were yearly total sales, expressed as number of sold defined daily doses (DDDs)/1000 inhabitants/day, and yearly prevalence of prescription use, expressed as number of prescription users per 1000 inhabitants. The DDD is the assumed average maintenance dose per day for a drug used for its main indication in adults. Total sales of NSAIDs increased in all countries and were highest in Iceland, with 74.3 DDDs/1000 inhabitants/day sold in 2016, followed by Finland (73.9), Sweden (54.4), Norway (43.8), and Denmark (31.8). Diclofenac use declined after 2008 in all countries but remained the most widely prescribed NSAID in Norway, with 63 prescription users/1000 inhabitants in 2016. Diclofenac sales also remained high in Iceland (12.7 DDD/1000 inhabitants/day), Norway (8.1), and Sweden (7.8). Since its introduction in 2003, the use of etoricoxib, a newer selective COX‐2 inhibitor, increased in all countries except Denmark, with highest sales in Finland (6.7 DDD/1000 inhabitants/day in 2016).ConclusionSales and prescription patterns of NSAIDs in the Nordic countries has changed along with the accumulating evidence for the cardiovascular risks of specific NSAIDs. However, given existing evidence on the cardiovascular risks associated with the use of diclofenac and etoricoxib, the persistent high use of diclofenac in Iceland, Norway, and Sweden, the persistent over‐the‐counter availability of diclofenac in Norway and Sweden, and the increasing use of etoricoxib in most of the Nordic countries pose a cardiovascular health concern.
Potentially Unsafe Chronic Medication Use Among Older Adult Chronic Opioid Users
Authors: Silva Almodovar Armando , Nahata Milap C. 
Published: January 2019

Study ObjectivesTo assess chronic potentially unsafe medication use among older adults using opioids chronically versus those who did not, to assess the likelihood of chronically using medications to treat adverse effects associated with chronic opioid use, and to characterize the differences in chronic potentially unsafe medication use at three morphine equivalent dose (MED) levels/day (less than 50MED, 50‐90MED, and more than 90MED).DesignRetrospective cross‐sectional analysis.Data SourcePrescription claims data from a national telehealth Medication Therapy Management (MTM) provider for the year 2015.PatientsAll Medicare Part D beneficiaries (65 years and older [older adults]) from one Medicare Part D plan provider in one state who were eligible to receive MTM services.Measurements and Main ResultsMedication claims were limited to refills in a 120‐day window from one Medicare Part D provider. Chronic medication use was defined as having a total days' medication supply of 84 days or more. Odds ratios (ORs) and χ2 tests were used to compare chronic medication use among beneficiaries who were chronic opioid users versus nonopioid users. Analyses were repeated among chronic opioid users at the less than 50MED, 50–90MED, and more than 90MED levels. Unpaired t tests and Welch's analysis of variance paired with Games‐Howell post hoc tests were used for continuous variables. Older adult (mean age 76 years) chronic opioid users were more likely to use muscle relaxants chronically (OR 2.67, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.20–3.25), benzodiazepines (OR 2.08, 95% CI 1.87–2.31), hypnotics (OR 1.98, 95% CI 1.67–2.34), antidepressants (OR 1.64, 95% CI 1.51–1.77), and nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (OR 1.78, 95% CI 1.59–1.98) versus nonopioid users. Further, chronic opioid users were 3.04 times (95% CI 2.05–4.51) more likely to use muscle relaxants and benzodiazepines concomitantly chronically and also more likely to use medications chronically to treat gastrointestinal reflux disease, constipation, estrogen loss, nausea and vomiting, and edema. Very high‐dose (more than 90MED/day) chronic opioid users were more likely than low‐dose users (less than 50MED) to use antidepressants (OR 1.51, 95% CI 1.15–1.97, p=0.003).ConclusionOlder adults with chronic opioid use were more likely to use potentially unsafe medications chronically. These data demonstrated discordance between national prescribing guidelines and real‐world practice among older adults with chronic pain in one Medicare Part D plan.
On the photo‐activation of the S0 → S1 transition in polyenes
Authors: Catalán Javier 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe evidence provided in this work allows us to conclude that the electronic transition S0 → S1 either for the diphenylhexatriene molecule or for the diphenyloctatetraene molecule is dipole allowed and induced by one‐photon absorption. Consequently, the model to explain the photophysics of these polyenes does not need the existence of an underlying 21Ag excited electronic state, to the converse of what Hudson and Kohler proposed, that the transition S0 → S1 must be induced by two‐photon absorption.
Chemically reprogramming the phospho‐transfer reaction to crosslink protein kinases to their substrates
Authors: Wong Allison W. , Urisman Anatoly , Burlingame Alma L. , Shokat Kevan M. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe proteomic mapping of enzyme–substrate interactions is challenged by their transient nature. A method to capture interacting protein kinases in complexes with a single substrate of interest would provide a new tool for mapping kinase signaling networks. Here, we describe a nucleotide‐based substrate analog capable of reprogramming the wild‐type phosphoryl‐transfer reaction to produce a kinase‐acrylamide‐based thioether crosslink to mutant substrates with a cysteine nucleophile substituted at the native phosphorylation site. A previously reported ATP‐based methacrylate crosslinker (ATP‐MA) was capable of mediating kinase crosslinking to short peptides but not protein substrates. Exploration of structural variants of ATP‐MA to enable crosslinking of protein substrates to kinases led to the discovery that an ADP‐based methacrylate (ADP‐MA) crosslinker was superior to the ATP scaffold at crosslinking in vitro. The improved efficiency of ADP‐MA over ATP‐MA is due to reduced inhibition of the second step of the kinase–substrate crosslinking reaction by the product of the first step of the reaction. The new probe, ADP‐MA, demonstrated enhanced in vitro crosslinking between the Src tyrosine kinase and its substrate Cortactin in a phosphorylation site‐specific manner. The kinase–substrate crosslinking reaction can be carried out in a complex mammalian cell lysate setting, although the low abundance of endogenous kinases remains a significant challenge for efficient capture.
Theoretical prediction of valence and Rydberg excited states: Minnesota exchange‐correlation functionals vs symmetry adapted cluster‐configuration interaction
Authors: Alipour Mojtaba 
Published: January 2019

AbstractDuring this contribution, we present a benchmark investigation on the applicability of several Minnesota functionals from various classes like local meta‐generalized and meta‐nonseparable gradient approximations, hybrids, and range‐separated hybrids for describing the valence and Rydberg excitation energies of some organic compounds from different categories. Furthermore, the performances of Minnesota density functionals from density functional theory are also assessed against a wave function theory based approach in the context of excite states calculations, symmetry adapted cluster‐configuration interaction (SAC‐CI) method. Pragmatically, the singles and doubles linked excitation operators are considered in the SAC‐CI wave functions. With more or less different accountabilities of the considered methods, it is shown that the M06‐2X, M05‐2X, and M11 functionals have the best performances for valence excited states. On the other hand, for Rydberg excited states although the SAC‐CI method outperforms others, the statistical analyses reveal that the efficiency of some Minnesota functionals is also respectable.
Improved prescribed performance control for nonaffine pure‐feedback systems with input saturation
Authors: Wang Yingyang , Hu Jianbo , Li Jun , Liu Bingqi 
Published: January 2019

SummaryThis work considers an input and output constraint control problem for pure‐feedback systems with nonaffine functions possibly being in‐differentiable. A locally semibounded and continuous condition for nonaffine functions is presented to guarantee the controllability, and the nonaffine system is transformed to an equivalent pseudoaffine one based on the mild condition. Combined with backstepping technique, a novel prescribed performance controller with new performance functions is constructed to circumvent high frequency chattering in control input. An auxiliary system with bounded compensation term is utilized in this paper, successfully avoiding the overrun of control input. The methodology achieves the desired transient and steady‐state performance and presents excellent robustness against the system uncertainty. Finally, two numerical simulations are performed to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Some Novel Claisen Products of 5‐Oxo‐1‐phenylpyrrolidine‐3‐carboxylic Acid as Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Agents
Authors: Devi Poornima , Bishnoi Abha , Singh Vineeta 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe present communication deals with synthesis of some new bischalcone derivatives of 5‐oxo‐1‐phenylpyrrolidine‐3‐carboxylic acid by the base‐catalyzed Claisen‐Schmidt reaction. The antioxidant activity was evaluated by using the PFRAP assay systems and antimicrobial activity was studied against two gram positive [Bacillus pumilus (Bp) MTCC 1607, Staphylococcus aureus (Sa) MTCC 96], four Gram negative [Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Pa) MTCC 424, Salmonella typhi (St) MTCC 537, Klebsiella pneumoniae (Kp) MTCC 424, Escherichia coli (Ec) MTCC 64] bacteria and fungi [Candida albicans (Ca) MTCC 3017 and Candida tropicalis (Ct) MTCC 184] using Disc‐diffusion method. The antioxidant activity results were good and as far as antimicrobial activity was concerned some of the derivatives exhibited significant zone of inhibition on bacterial and fungal growth as compared to standard drugs.
Toward Precise Manipulation of DNA–Protein Hybrid Nanoarchitectures
Authors: Zhou Kun , Dong Jinyi , Zhou Yihao , Dong Jinchen , Wang Meng , Wang Qiangbin 
Published: January 2019

AbstractNucleic acids and proteins are the two primary building materials of living organisms. Over the past decade, artificial DNA–protein hybrid structures have been pursued for a wide range of applications. DNA nanotechnology, in particular, has dramatically expanded nanoscale molecule engineering and contributed to the spatial arrangement of protein components. Strategies for designing site‐specific coupling of DNA oligomers to proteins are needed in order to allow for precise control over stoichiometry and position. Efforts have also been focused on coassembly of protein–DNA complexes by engineering their fundamental molecular recognition interactions. This Concept focuses on the precise manipulation of DNA–protein nanoarchitectures. Particular attention is paid to site‐selectivity within DNA–protein conjugates, regulation of protein orientation using DNA scaffolds, and coassembly principles upon unique structural motifs. Current challenges and future directions are also discussed in the design and application of DNA–protein nanoarchitectures.
Light‐Driven Continuous Twist Movements of Microribbons
Authors: Zhang Yifan , Gong Yanjun , Li Bo , Ma Ren‐Min , Che Yanke , Zhao Jincai 
Published: January 2019

AbstractDespite many advances in the development of artificial systems with helical twist motions or deformations, obtaining materials that can undergo continuous twist movements upon an energy input remains a great challenge. In this work, a continuous twist movement of microribbons driven by scanning laser irradiation, a process that a twist generates initially at one end of the microribbon and is continuously transmitted to the other end and then kept twisting, is reported. Key factors to the achievement of this movement are the fabrication of elastic microribbons that possess relatively low elastic modulus and diagonal photoinduced π‐stacking distortion relative to the microribbon long axis. Furthermore, the scanning laser irradiation is required to drive the π‐stacking distortion with the spatiotemporal coordination for the continuous twist movement of microribbons. These findings may be extended to the achievement of other sophisticated continuous movements of microscale systems.
A Strategy toward New Low‐Dimensional Hybrid Halide Perovskites with Anionic Spacers
Authors: Zhao Yizhou , Zhang Siyu , Lu Yue , Lan Shangui , Zhu Cheng , Xiao Jiawen , Zai Huachao , Sui Manling , Li Dehui , Zhou Huanping , Li Yujing , Chen Qi 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe low‐dimensional halide perovskites have received enormous attention due to their unique photovoltaic and optoelectronic performances. Periodic spacers are used to inhibit the growth of 3D perovskite and fabricate a 2D counterpart with layered structure, mostly based on organic/inorganic cations. Herein, by introducing organic anions (e.g., pentanedioic acid (PDA) and hexanedioic acid (HDA) simultaneously), leaf‐shaped (Cs3Pb2Br5)2(PDA–HDA) microplates with low‐dimensional structure are synthesized. They also exhibit significant photoluminescence (PL) centered at 540 nm with a narrow emission peak. The synthesis of single crystals of Pb(PDA) and Pb(HDA) allows to further clarify the crystal structure of (Cs3Pb2Br5)2(PDA–HDA) perovskite and its structural evolution mechanism. Moreover, the cooperative introduction of dicarboxylic acid pairs with appropriate lengths is thermodynamically favored for the low‐dimensional perovskite crystallization. The temperature‐dependent PL indicates a V‐shaped Stokes shift with elevated temperature that could be associated with the localization of excitons in the inorganic layers between organic dicarboxylic acid molecules. This work demonstrates low‐dimensional halide perovskite with anionic spacers, which also opens up a new approach to the growth of low‐dimensional organic–inorganic hybrid perovskite crystals.