bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patterns and trends in OSHA occupational noise exposure measurements from 1979 to 2013
Authors: Sayler Stephanie K , Roberts Benjamin J , Manning Michael A , Sun Kan , Neitzel Richard L 
Published: November 2018

ObjectivesNoise is one of the most common exposures, and occupational noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) is highly prevalent. In addition to NIHL, noise is linked to numerous non-auditory health effects. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) maintains the Integrated Management Information System (IMIS) database of compliance-related measurements performed in various industries across the USA. The goal of the current study was to describe and analyse personal noise measurements available through the OSHA IMIS, identifying industries with elevated personal noise levels or increasing trends in worker exposure over time.MethodsThrough a Freedom of Information Act request, we obtained OSHA’s noise measurements collected and stored in IMIS between 1979 and 2013 and analysed permissible exposure limit (PEL) and action level (AL) criteria measurements by two-digit industry code.ResultsThe manufacturing industry represented 87.8% of the 93 920 PEL measurements and 84.6% of the 58 073 AL measurements. The highest mean noise levels were found among the agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting industry for PEL (93.1 dBA) and the mining, quarrying and oil and gas extraction group for AL (93.3 dBA). Overall, measurements generally showed a decreasing trend in noise levels and exceedances of AL and PEL by year, although this was not true for all industries.ConclusionsOur results suggest that, despite reductions in noise over time, further noise control interventions are warranted both inside and outside of the manufacturing industry. Further reductions in occupational noise exposures across many industries are necessary to continue to reduce the risk of occupational NIHL.
Postdischarge outcome after Takotsubo syndrome compared with patients post-ACS and those without prior CVD: ANZACS-QI 19
Authors: Looi Jen-Li , Lee Mildred , Webster Mark W I , To Andrew C Y , Kerr Andrew J 
Published: November 2018

ObjectiveTakotsubo syndrome (TS) mimics acute coronary syndrome (ACS) but has a distinct pathophysiology. While in-hospital adverse outcomes appear similar to those presenting with an ACS, data on longer term postdischarge risk are conflicting. This study sought to assess the long-term prognosis of patients discharged alive after TS.MethodsThe clinical profile and in-hospital and long-term outcomes were prospectively assessed in consecutive patients with TS. Survival in patients with TS was compared with two representative age-matched and gender-matched comparison cohorts: a hospitalised ACS cohort and a community cohort without known cardiovascular disease (CVD).ResultsTwo hundred and-twenty-five patients with TS (216 women, mean age 63.7±11.8 years) were included. In-hospital mortality was 1.8% and 1.9% for patients with TS and ACS, respectively. Of the 219 patients with TS with postdischarge follow-up, at a mean follow-up of 4.8±3.2 years, there were 19 (8.3%) deaths, 18 of which were from non-cardiac causes. When compared with the cohort without prior CVD, postdischarge patients with TS were at increased mortality risk (HR 2.00, 95% CI 1.26 to 3.17, p=0.003), but mortality in postdischarge patients with ACS was over threefold higher (HR 3.43, 95% CI 2.97 to 3.96, p<0.0001).ConclusionsIn-hospital mortality for patients diagnosed with TS and ACS was similar. However, while postdischarge survivors of TS had a long-term survival which was poorer than for a community-based cohort without known CVD, their survival was better than for postdischarge survivors of an ACS event. Late deaths in patients with TS were almost all from non-cardiac causes.
Aspects of inflation in spatially homogeneous and anisotropic Bianchi Type I spacetime with exponential potential
Authors: Bali Raj 
Published: November 2018

The inflationary scenario in spatially homogeneous and anisotropic Bianchi Type I spacetime with exponential potential [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and average scale factor (R) is considered as [Formula: see text] is discussed. The model isotropizes in special case and asymptotically. The spatial volume increases with time representing inflationary scenario and the expansion continues for long enough, thus solving the horizon problem. The model represents decelerating and accelerating phases of universe in special case. Also, the model is singularity free at t = 0. In special case, i.e. when constants b = 0, k = 0, then the model leads to FLRW model for which we have the average scale factor [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and deceleration parameter [Formula: see text]. This paper gives the answer why anisotropic and homogeneous Bianchi Type I spacetime is considered than FRW model to discuss inflationary scenario.
Fabrics and water contents of peridotites in the Neotethyan Luobusa ophiolite, southern Tibet: implications for mantle recycling in supra-subduction zones
Authors: Yu Meng , Wang Qin , Yang Jingsui 
Published: November 2018

The preservation of ultra-high-pressure and super-reducing phases in the Neotethyan Luobusa ophiolite in Tibet suggests their deep origin near the mantle transition zone. Dunite and harzburgite core samples from the Luobusa Scientific Drilling Project show supra-subduction zone geochemical signatures and equilibration temperatures of
c.
950–1080°C. Olivine shows A-, B-, C- and E-type fabrics, and combinations of A- and E-type or B- and E-type fabrics. Transmission electron microscopy observations show straight dislocations and the activation of multiple slip systems [100](010), [001](010), [001](100) and [100](001) in olivine. The mean water content in olivine, orthopyroxene (Opx) and clinopyroxene (Cpx) from 24 peridotite samples was 16 ± 5, 90 ± 21 and 492 ± 64 ppm, respectively, which is different from the water content of hydrated peridotites above the mantle wedge. The trace element compositions of Cpx exclude significant metasomatism after melt extraction. The high hydrogen partition coefficient between Cpx and Opx (
D
H
Cpx/Opx
= 5.56 ± 0.96) implies equilibrium at high pressures and rapid exhumation. Based on deformation experiments, the B- and C-type fabrics could be formed in a subduction zone at depths >200 km, whereas the A- and E-type fabrics were produced in the shallow mantle. In a process triggered by slab rollback, the Luobusa peridotites may have been rapidly exhumed within a subduction channel and mixed with the lithospheric mantle of the forearc.

Supplementary material:
Major oxide contents in Opx, Cpx and spinel, trace element concentration in Cpx, micrographs and TEM images of peridotite are available at
https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.4307828

Thematic collection:
This article is part of the ‘Tethyan ophiolites and Tethyan seaways collection’ available at:
https://www.lyellcollection.org/cc/tethyan-ophiolites-and-tethyan-seaways
Efficient Directory Mutations in a Full-Path-Indexed File System
Authors: Zhan Yang , Jiao Yizheng , Porter Donald E. , Conway Alex , Knorr Eric , Farach-Colton Martin , Bender Michael A. , Yuan Jun , Jannen William , Johnson Rob 
Published: November 2018

Full-path indexing can improve I/O efficiency for workloads that operate on data organized using traditional, hierarchical directories, because data is placed on persistent storage in scan order. Prior results indicate, however, that renames in a local file system with full-path indexing are prohibitively expensive.
This article shows how to use full-path indexing in a file system to realize fast directory scans, writes, and renames. The article introduces a range-rename mechanism for efficient key-space changes in a write-optimized dictionary. This mechanism is encapsulated in the key-value Application Programming Interface (API) and simplifies the overall file system design.

We implemented this mechanism in B
ε
-trees File System (BetrFS), an in-kernel, local file system for Linux. This new version, BetrFS 0.4, performs recursive greps 1.5x faster and random writes 1.2x faster than BetrFS 0.3, but renames are competitive with indirection-based file systems for a range of sizes. BetrFS 0.4 outperforms BetrFS 0.3, as well as traditional file systems, such as ext4, Extents File System (XFS), and Z File System (ZFS), across a variety of workloads.
A Framework for Privacy-Preserving Data Publishing with Enhanced Utility for Cyber-Physical Systems
Authors: Sangogboye Fisayo Caleb , Jia Ruoxi , Hong Tianzhen , Spanos Costas , Kjærgaard Mikkel Baun 
Published: November 2018

Cyber-physical systems have enabled the collection of massive amounts of data in an unprecedented level of spatial and temporal granularity. Publishing these data can prosper big data research, which, in turn, helps improve overall system efficiency and resiliency. The main challenge in data publishing is to ensure the usefulness of published data while providing necessary privacy protection. In our previous work (Jia et al. 2017a), we presented a privacy-preserving data publishing framework (referred to as PAD hereinafter), which can guarantee
k
-anonymity while achieving better data utility than traditional anonymization techniques. PAD learns the information of interest to data users or features from their interactions with the data publishing system and then customizes data publishing processes to the intended use of data. However, our previous work is only applicable to the case where the desired features are linear in the original data record. In this article, we extend PAD to nonlinear features. Our experiments demonstrate that for various data-driven applications, PAD can achieve enhanced utility while remaining highly resilient to privacy threats.
Super-Enhancer–Associated Long Noncoding RNA HCCL5 Is Activated by ZEB1 and Promotes the Malignancy of Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Peng Li , Jiang Binyuan , Yuan Xiaoqing , Qiu Yuntan , Peng Jiangyun , Huang Yongsheng , Zhang Chaoyang , Zhang Yin , Lin Zhaoyu , Li Jinsong , Yao Weicheng , Deng Weixi , Zhang Yaqin , Meng Meng , Pan Xi , Li Chunquan , Yin Dong , Bi Xinyu , Li Guancheng , Lin De-Chen 
Published: November 2018

Abstract

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most dominant causes of neoplasm-related deaths worldwide. In this study, we identify and characterize HCCL5, a novel cytoplasmic long noncoding RNA (lncRNA), as a crucial oncogene in HCC. HCCL5 promoted cell growth, G1–S transition, invasion, and metastasis while inhibiting apoptosis of HCC cells both in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, HCCL5 was upregulated in TGF-β1-induced classical epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) models, and this lncRNA in turn accelerated the EMT phenotype by upregulating the expression of transcription factors Snail, Slug, ZEB1, and Twist1. HCCL5 was transcriptionally driven by ZEB1 via a super-enhancer and was significantly and frequently overexpressed in human HCC tissues, correlating with worse overall survival of patients with HCC. Together, this study characterizes HCCL5 as a super-enhancer–driven lncRNA promoting HCC cell viability, migration, and EMT. Our data also suggest that HCCL5 may serve as a novel prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target in HCC.

Significance:
These findings identify the lncRNA HCCL5 as a super-enhancer–driven oncogenic factor that promotes the malignancy of hepatocellular carcinoma.
Inhibition of MERTK Promotes Suppression of Tumor Growth in BRAF Mutant and BRAF Wild-Type Melanoma
Authors: Sinik Lenka , Minson Katherine A. , Tentler John J. , Carrico Jacqueline , Bagby Stacey M. , Robinson William A. , Kami Rotem , Burstyn-Cohen Tal , Eckhardt S. Gail , Wang Xiaodong , Frye Stephen V. , Earp H. Shelton , DeRyckere Deborah , Graham Douglas K. 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Molecularly-targeted agents have improved outcomes for a subset of patients with BRAF-mutated melanoma, but treatment of resistant and BRAF wild-type tumors remains a challenge. The MERTK receptor tyrosine kinase is aberrantly expressed in melanoma and can contribute to oncogenic phenotypes. Here we report the effect of treatment with a MERTK-selective small molecule inhibitor, UNC2025, in preclinical models of melanoma. In melanoma cell lines, treatment with UNC2025 potently inhibited phosphorylation of MERTK and downstream signaling, induced cell death, and decreased colony formation. In patient-derived melanoma xenograft models, treatment with UNC2025 blocked or significantly reduced tumor growth. Importantly, UNC2025 had similar biochemical and functional effects in both BRAF-mutated and BRAF wild-type models and irrespective of NRAS mutational status, implicating MERTK inhibition as a potential therapeutic strategy in tumors that are not amenable to BRAF-targeting and for which there are limited treatment options. In BRAF-mutated cell lines, combined treatment with UNC2025 and the BRAF inhibitor vemurafenib provided effective inhibition of oncogenic signaling through ERK, AKT, and STAT6, increased induction of cell death, and decreased colony-forming potential. Similarly, in NRAS-mutated cell lines, addition of UNC2025 to cobimetinib therapy increased cell death and decreased colony-forming potential. In a BRAF-mutated patient-derived xenograft, treatment with combined UNC2025 and vemurafenib was well-tolerated and significantly decreased tumor growth compared with vemurafenib alone. These data support the use of UNC2025 for treatment of melanoma, irrespective of BRAF or NRAS mutational status, and suggest a role for MERTK and targeted combination therapy in BRAF and NRAS-mutated melanoma.
Retrospective study on epidemiology of snakebites in Sarpang District, southern Bhutan
Authors: Koirala Bal Krishna , Koirala Jaganath , Sapkota Sunil 
Published: November 2018

Although snake bite envenomation is considered as a medical emergency with significant morbidity and mortality, accurate figures on snakebite envenomation remains scarce. We conducted a retrospective study to evaluate the snakebite epidemiology in Sarpang District located in the subtropical zone of southern Bhutan. In this study, 78 snakebite cases treated in Gelephu Referral Hospital over a period of three years from 2013 to 2015 were evaluated based on the statistical record maintained by the medical administration. Twenty-eight (35.89%) cases developed signs and symptoms of envenomation and the remaining 50 (64.01%) were found to be cases of non-venomous bites. Forty-four males and 34 females were found to be affected by snakebites within the period. While snakebites were observed in all age groups, the large majority (n=51, 65.38%) were in adults aged between 21 and 50 years. Most of the venomous bites (68%) occurred during the monsoon season, particularly between May and August. It was found that adults in the economically productive age group were the ones most affected by poisonous bites. There is an urgent need for development and adoption of snakebite management guidelines and awareness among the vulnerable sections of the population, improvement of medical facilities in referral hospitals and rural health centres, and reduction of the morbidity and mortality associated with snakebites.
The pattern of bird distribution along the elevation gradient of the Sutlej River basin, western Himalaya, India
Authors: Santhakumar Balraj , Arun P. Ramachandran , Sony Ramapurath Kozhummal , Murugesan Maruthakutti , Ramesh Chinnasamy 
Published: November 2018

We examined the species richness of birds along the elevation gradient of the Sutlej River basin in Himachal Pradesh in the western Himalaya of India. Birds were sampled at 318 sites categorized into 16 elevation bands ranging from 498 to 3700 m between June 2012 and April 2013. A total of 203 bird species were recorded. Species richness showed a monotonic decline with increasing elevation, with 27% of species recorded within a narrow elevation range. We tested the roles of explanatory variables such as environment (temperature, precipitation, area, & Mid-domain Effect (MDE) richness) and habitat (Normalized Differential Vegetation Index (NDVI): July, November & March) on the observed distribution pattern. The observed species richness pattern was strongly correlated with temperature, while three other variables—precipitation, area, and MDE richness—contributed negligibly to the observed pattern. The present study indicates that climatic conditions and vegetation are the major contributors for determining species richness along the Sutlej River basin. Thus, a customized approach is crucial for conservation of species in the elevation range.
New distribution records of the leopard plants Ligularia amplexicaulis DC. and Ligularia sibirica (L.) Cass. (Asteraceae) in the Indian Himalaya
Authors: Singh Bikarma , Singh Sumit , Singh Bishander 
Published: November 2018

Two leopard plant taxa, Ligularia amplexicaulis DC. and L. sibirica (L.) Cass., are reported for the first time from Bandipora District of Jammu & Kashmir in India and are taxonomically enumerated. Ligularia amplexicaulis is a new record for the district Bandipora of the Kashmir Himalaya, which was previously reported in the elevation range of 2700–4800 m from the states of Himachal Pradesh, West Bengal, and Sikkim in India. The specimens from Bandipora extends the geographic distribution of L. amplexicaulis in Jammu & Kashmir State, from Paddar Valley of district Kishtwar to the extreme northern range of the western Himalaya. Ligularia sibirica is reported for the first time from the Kashmir Himalaya of India and its known distribution extended to southeastern Asia. The specimens from Lidder Valley represents the first report of L. sibirica from the Kashmir Himalaya and extends its distribution range from Europe, Russia, and China to northern India. The present paper deals with the taxonomic description, phenology, ecological notes, associated vegetation components, and a note on the history of species discovery of these two leopard plant taxa. This finding also presents an updated distribution map of these two Indian species in the western Himalaya.
First photographic record of tiger presence at higher elevations of the Mishmi Hills in the Eastern Himalayan Biodiversity Hotspot, Arunachal Pradesh, India
Authors: Adhikarimayum Aisho Sharma , Gopi G.V. 
Published: November 2018

India is home to 70% of the global Tiger Panthera tigris population, resident in five major areas: Shivalik Gangetic Plains, Central & Eastern Ghats, Western Ghats, the Sundarbans, and the northeastern Hills and Brahmaputra flood plain. Information about tiger ecology in temperate forests is limited. During January–May 2017, two male tigers were photo-captured in the Mishmi Hills at altitudes of 3,246m and 3630m, where vegetation ranges from temperate mixed forest to sub alpine forest. The landscape with newly-discovered tigers merits priority protection, and other likely tiger habitats in this region should be surveyed for their presence.
Skill of Seasonal Arctic Sea Ice Extent Predictions Using the North American Multimodel Ensemble
Authors: Harnos K. J. , L’Heureux M. , Ding Q. , Zhang Q. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractPrevious studies have outlined benefits of using multiple model platforms to make seasonal climate predictions. Here, reforecasts from five models included in the North American Multimodel Ensemble (NMME) project are utilized to determine skill in predicting Arctic sea ice extent (SIE) during 1982–2010. Overall, relative to the individual models, the multimodel average results in generally smaller biases and better correlations for predictions of total SIE and year-to-year (Y2Y), linearly, and quadratically detrended variability. Also notable is the increase in error for NMME predictions of total September SIE during the mid-1990s through 2000s. After 2000, observed September SIE is characterized by more significant negative trends and increased Y2Y variance, which suggests that recent sea ice loss is resulting in larger prediction errors. While this tendency is concerning, due to the possibility of models not accurately representing the changing trends in sea ice, the multimodel approach still shows promise in providing more skillful predictions of Arctic SIE over any individual model.
Modulation of Near-Inertial Oscillations by Low-Frequency Current Variations on the Inner Scotian Shelf
Authors: Wang Pengcheng , He Zhongjie , Thompson Keith R. , Sheng Jinyu 
Published: November 2018

AbstractNear-inertial oscillations (NIOs) on the inner Scotian shelf are studied using observations, a simple slab model, and two operational shelf circulation models. High-frequency radar and ADCP observations from December 2015 to February 2016 show that individual NIO events forced by time-varying wind stress typically lasted for three to four inertial periods. NIOs with speeds exceeding 0.25 m s−1 were observed in the offshore part of the study region, but their amplitudes decreased shoreward within ~40 km of the coast. The NIOs had spatial scales of ~80 and ~40 km in the alongshore and cross-shore directions, respectively. The NIO phases varied moving from west to east, consistent with the typical movement of winter storms across the study region. Evolving rotary spectral analysis reveals that the peak frequency fp of the NIOs varied with time by ~7% of the local inertial frequency. The variation in fp can be explained in part by local wind forcing as demonstrated by the slab model. The remaining variation in fp can be explained in part by variations in the background vorticity associated with changes in the strength and position of the Nova Scotia Current, an unstable baroclinic boundary current that runs along the coast to the southwest. Two operational shelf circulation models are used to examine the abovementioned features in the high-frequency-radar and ADCP observations. The models reproduce the spatial structure of the NIOs and, in a qualitative sense, the temporal variations of fp.
Assessing the requirements from ‘BB101’ 2006 and 2018 for a naturally ventilated preparatory school in the UK
Authors: Ji Yingchun , Swan Will , Fitton Richard , Fernando Terrence 
Published: November 2018

In the UK, BB101 is the guidance document for ventilation design of school buildings. There are significant changes proposed in the new version of BB101. The aim of this paper is to examine the requirements of thermal comfort and CO2-based indoor air quality using both versions on a typical naturally ventilated preparatory school design using dynamic thermal simulations. The findings indicate that the new set of requirements on this school building design (both thermal and CO2 concentration) are much more difficult to meet than the requirements from the old version. One of the new thermal comfort criteria may be too difficult to achieve in practice, as the target value was exceeded for all the rooms of the examined design, using both test reference year and design summer year weather data. The ventilation provision for the school design is believed to be adequate. With appropriate ventilation control strategies, the design is able to meet the revised CO2 concentration criteria. Further examinations of the criteria from the new guidance document are needed to make sure the chosen criteria are fit for purpose. The use of future projected design summer year weather data (2020) also adds extra challenges for the preparatory school building to meet the newly proposed adaptive thermal comfort criteria. Practical applications: The research presents a very first assessment of a preparatory school building design using the newly proposed BB101 guidance document. It will assist further exploration on the appropriateness of the new assessment criteria and the use of design summer year weather data in order to explore the implications of the new BB101 guidelines for designers. The method adopted in the research can also be used for other building types to assess overheating in buildings when adaptive comfort criteria are recommended.