bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identifying the Creative Act in Advertising: A Study on Naïve People's Awareness of Restructuring
Authors: Antonietti Alessandro , Bonacina Silvia , Colombo Barbara , Iannello Paola 
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACTThis study investigates whether laypersons can distinguish between creative and non‐creative artifacts, identify when creativity emerges, and be aware of the merit to be attributed to those who conceive a creative idea. Study 1 analyzed a creative and a non‐creative version of two advertisements. In the creative version, there was an ideational process of advertising drafts where the first meaning changed, whereas in the non‐creative version the original meaning did not change. Forty undergraduates were asked to judge beauty and originality of each draft and the contribution that graphics managers gave to the outcome. Non‐creative changes did not affect beauty and originality ratings, whereas creative modifications increased originality, but not beauty score. Merit was attributed to the graphics manager who transformed the original meaning. In Study 2, one hundred twenty‐eight participants evaluated four combinations of textual (creative/noncreative) and iconic (creative/non‐creative) elements which were added to the advertisements. Again, the creative, but not the non‐creative, contribution to drafts was acknowledged regarding originality by participants. Findings suggest that people can recognize the presence of creativity when it develops and the restructuring mechanism that supports it.
De Sitter and Anti-de Sitter branes in self-tuning models
Authors: Ghosh J. K. , Kiritsis E. , Nitti F. , Witkowski L. T. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractMaximally symmetric curved-brane solutions are studied in dilatonic braneworld models which realise the self-tuning of the effective four-dimensional cosmological constant. It is found that no vacua in which the brane has de Sitter or anti-de Sitter geometry exist, unless one modifies the near-boundary asymptotics of the bulk fields. In the holographic dual picture, this corresponds to coupling the UV CFT to a curved metric (possibly with a defect). Alternatively, the same may be achieved in a flat-space QFT with suitable variable scalar sources. With these ingredients, it is found that maximally symmetric, positive and negative curvature solutions with a stabilised brane position generically exist. The space of such solutions is studied in two different types of realisations of the self-tuning framework. In some regimes we observe a large hierarchy between the curvature on the brane and the boundary UV CFT curvature. This is a dynamical effect due to the self-stabilisation mechanism. This setup provides an alternative route to realising de Sitter space in string theory.
Targeting histones for degradation in cancer cells as a novel strategy in cancer treatment
Authors: Yin Yesheng , Zhu Qianqian , Jiang Tianxia , Fan Libin , Qiu Xiaobo 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
The anticancer therapies with the joint treatment of a histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor and a DNA-damaging approach are actively under clinical investigations, but the underlying mechanism is unclear. Histone homeostasis is critical to genome stability, transcriptional accuracy, DNA repair process, senescence, and survival. We have previously demonstrated that the HDAC inhibitor, trichostatin A (TSA), could promote the degradation of the core histones induced by γ-radiation or the DNAalkylating agent methyl methanesulfonate (MMS) in non-cancer cells, including mouse spermatocyte and embryonic fibroblast cell lines. In this study, we found that the joint treatment by TSA and MMS induced the death of the cultured cancer cells with an additive effect, but induced degradation of the core histones synergistically in these cells. We then analyzed various combinations of other HDAC inhibitors, including suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid and valproate sodium, with MMS or other DNAdamaging agents, including etoposide and camptothecin. Most of these combined treatments induced cell death additively, but all the tested combinations induced degradation of the core histones synergistically. Meanwhile, we showed that cell cycle arrest might not be a primary consequence for the joint treatment of TSA and MMS. Given that clinic treatments of cancers jointly with an HDAC inhibitor and a DNA-damaging approach often show synergistic effects, histone degradation might more accurately underlie the synergistic effects of these joint treatments in clinic applications than other parameters, such as cell death and cell cycle arrest. Thus, our studies might suggest that the degradation of the core histones can serve as a new target for the development of cancer therapies.
Peer influence or projection bias? Predicting respondent delinquency with perceptual measures of peer delinquency in 22 samples
Authors: Walters Glenn D. 
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACTIntroductionThe current study was designed to determine whether the peer influence effect is the direct result of respondents projecting their own delinquency onto peers in a process referred to as projection bias.MethodsData from 22 gender‐homogeneous U.S. and British samples (Ns = 154 to 4098) of individuals under the age of 17 at the time of initial assessment were used to create partial correlations between perceptual measures of peer delinquency and subsequent respondent offending, controlling for concurrent respondent offending.ResultsSignificant partial correlations surfaced between peer delinquency and subsequent respondent offending in 21 out of 22 samples, for a significant pooled effect size (rp1o2.o1) of 0.158 (95% CI = 0.124‒.193). Although the peer‒offending relationship, controlling for prior offending, was moderated by data recentness—with less recent samples (>16 years old) achieving a higher pooled effect size than more recent samples (≤16 years old)—a small but significant pooled effect size was recorded for both more and less recent samples.ConclusionsThese results are inconsistent with projection bias as a complete explanation for the peer influence effect and suggest that perceived peer delinquency has a demonstrable and meaningful effect on future offending in adolescents. Despite the lack of support for the projection hypothesis, there is still a need to include additional variables in the analyses (i.e., direct measures of peer delinquency and differential respondent opportunities to observe peer behavior) while entertaining alternative explanations of the perceived peer delinquency‒future offending relationship (i.e., hearsay and rejecting delinquency/non‐delinquency).
The importance of self‐efficacy and educational aspirations for academic achievement in resource‐limited countries: Evidence from Ghana
Authors: Ansong David , Eisensmith Sarah R. , Okumu Moses , Chowa Gina A. 
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACTIntroductionResearch on the influence of academic self‐efficacy and educational aspirations on academic performance is underdeveloped in resource‐limited countries. This study replicates and expands on earlier research that investigated a complex network of relationships between academic self‐efficacy, educational aspirations, and academic performance.MethodsData from 4282 adolescents in Ghana and path analysis were used to test the causal pathways, and path invariance analysis was used to assess the moderation role of gender. Instrumental variable techniques were used to validate the path models.ResultsIncrease in academic self‐efficacy indirectly accounts for improvement in academic performance through the mediational role of educational aspirations. The effects of self‐efficacy on educational aspirations, and educational aspirations were stronger for boys than for girls.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that in resource‐limited countries where the financial burden of schooling tends to be a demotivating factor, interventions that target adolescents' academic self‐efficacy may be an effective means to boost educational aspirations and academic performance. Interventions should be tailored to meet the needs of all students so that all children can think of school as an important part of their lives and aspire to achieve, now and in the future.
ON THE OPTIMALITY OF A STRAIGHT DEDUCTIBLE UNDER BELIEF HETEROGENEITY
Authors: Chi Yichun 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThis article attempts to extend Arrow’s theorem of the deductible to the case of belief heterogeneity, which allows the insured and the insurer to have different beliefs about the distribution of the underlying loss. Like Huberman et al. [(1983) Bell Journal of Economics14(2), 415–426], we preclude ex post moral hazard by asking both parties in the insurance contract to pay more for a larger realization of the loss. It is shown that, ceteris paribus, full insurance above a constant deductible is always optimal for any chosen utility function of a risk-averse insured if and only if the insurer appears more optimistic about the conditional loss given non-zero loss than the insured in the sense of monotone hazard rate order. We derive the optimal deductible level explicitly and then examine how it is affected by the changes of the insured’s risk aversion, the insurance price and the degree of belief heterogeneity.
Ice thickness measurements of Guliya ice cap, western Kunlun Mountains (Tibetan Plateau), China
Authors: KUTUZOV STANISLAV , THOMPSON LONNIE G. , LAVRENTIEV IVAN , TIAN LIDE 
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACTDespite their high value and importance for various glaciological applications, detailed ice thickness measurements of alpine glaciers are still very limited. Knowledge of bedrock topography is essential for paleoglaciological studies. The Guliya ice cap located on the Tibetan Plateau is one of the highest and largest ice caps in mid-low latitude regions. A detailed ground-penetrating radar (GPR) survey was conducted on the Guliya ice cap in 2015 using 20 and 40 MHz frequency antennas. An empirical Bayesian kriging method was used for ice thickness interpolation and uncertainty assessment. GPR measurements revealed complex basal topography of the Guliya glacier with a maximum thickness of 371.12 ± 13 m. The internal reflections caused by changes in the dielectric properties were registered on the 40 MHz radargrams at the summit and were attributed to density variations. As a result of this fieldwork, one of the largest ice thickness datasets in High Mountain Asia was obtained. Guliya glacier elevation changes were assessed by differencing digital elevation models. The glacier gained mass from 2000 to 2015 with an average rate of 0.270 ± 0.11 m w.e. a−1at the summit and 0.279 ± 0.11 m w.e. a−1at the lower elevations.
A Systematic Review of Cognitive Impairments Associated With Kidney Failure in Adults Before Natural Age-Related Changes
Authors: Brodski Julia , Rossell Susan L. , Castle David J. , Tan Eric J. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractObjectives: Recognition of cognitive impairment in chronic kidney disease (CKD) and its impact on functioning in adults is growing. The vast majority of studies to date have been conducted in older populations where CKD is more pronounced; however, the degree to which age-related cognitive changes could be influencing these findings remains unaddressed. This current study thus aimed to review cognitive impairment findings by stage in non-elderly CKD samples. Methods: PubMed and Medline via Scopus were searched for cross-sectional or cohort studies and randomized controlled trials that assessed cognitive function in individuals with CKD in any research setting. CKD studies including patients at any illness stage were included providing participants were below 65 years old, were not on peritoneal dialysis and had not undergone a kidney transplant. Results: Fifteen studies, with a total of 9304 participants, were included. Cognitive function broadly deteriorated from stage 1 to stage 5. Early stage CKD was associated with a drop in speed of processing, attention, response speed, and short-term memory abilities. Moderate stage CKD was associated with deficits in executive functioning, verbal fluency, logical memory, orientation and concentration. People with end stage kidney disease manifested significant deficits in all previous cognitive domains, along with cognitive control, delayed and immediate memory, visuospatial impairment, and overall cognitive impairment. Conclusions: Cognitive impairment is evident across the stages of CKD, independent of age-related changes, for both lower-order and higher-order cognitive abilities. These impairments also increase between the stages, suggesting a cumulative effect. Future directions for research are discussed. (JINS, 2019, 25, 101–114)
How Loneliness is Associated with Depressive Symptoms in Spanish College Students: Examining Specific Coping Strategies as Mediators
Authors: Fuente Amaia de la , Chang Edward C. , Cardeñoso Olga , Chang Olivia D. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractIn this study, we examined coping strategies as a mediator of the association between loneliness and depressive symptoms. A sample of 364 Spanish young adults (75.5% females) completed measures of loneliness, coping, and depressive symptoms. In general, results from computing correlations (controlling for gender) indicated that loneliness was negatively associated with the use of one engaged coping strategy (viz., problem solving) and positively associated with the use of disengaged coping strategies (e.g., problem avoidance). A multiple mediation analysis (controlling for gender) was conducted to test for mediation. Results of this analysis indicated that part of the association between loneliness and depressive symptoms can be explained by the use of one engaged coping strategy (viz., problem solving; indirect effect, p < .05) and a variety of disengaged coping strategies (viz., problem avoidance, wishful thinking, social withdrawal, & self criticism; indirect effects, p < .05). Overall, the prediction model including loneliness and coping strategies was found to account for a large (f2 = .68) 40.5% of the variance in depressive symptoms in Spanish young adults. The present findings are the first to clarify how the association between loneliness and depressive symptoms in Spanish young adults might be due in part to the use of different coping strategies. Some implications for theory and practice are discussed.
The Life Cycle and Net Radiative Effect of Tropical Anvil Clouds
Authors: Hartmann Dennis L. , Gasparini Blaž , Berry Sara E. , Blossey Peter N. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractWe explore the importance of the life cycle of detrained tropical anvil clouds in producing a weak net cloud radiative effect (NCRE) by tropical convective systems. We simulate a horizontally homogeneous elevated ice cloud in a 2‐D framework using the System for Atmospheric Modeling cloud‐resolving model. The initially thick cloud produces a negative NCRE, which is later canceled by a positive NCRE as the cloud thins and rises. Turning off interactive cloud radiation reveals that cloud radiative heating and in‐cloud convection are fundamental in driving net radiative neutrality. In‐cloud convection acts to thin initially thick anvil clouds and loft and maintain thin cirrus. The maintenance of anvil clouds is tied to the recycling of water vapor and cloud ice through sublimation, nucleation, and deposition as air parcels circulate vertically within the cloud layer. Without interactive radiation, the cloud sediments and sublimates away, producing a large negative NCRE. The specification of cloud microphysics substantially influences the cloud's behavior and life cycle , but the tendency of the life cycle to produce compensating cloud radiative effects is robust to substantial changes in the microphysics. Our study shows that small‐scale processes within upper level ice clouds likely have a strong influence on the NCRE associated with tropical convective cloud systems.
Connectivity and network state-dependent recruitment of long-range VIP-GABAergic neurons in the mouse hippocampus
Authors: Francavilla Ruggiero , Villette Vincent , Luo Xiao , Chamberland Simon , Muñoz-Pino Einer , Camiré Olivier , Wagner Kristina , Kis Viktor , Somogyi Peter , Topolnik Lisa 
Published: November 2018

AbstractGABAergic interneurons in the hippocampus provide for local and long-distance coordination of neurons in functionally connected areas. Vasoactive intestinal peptide-expressing (VIP+) interneurons occupy a distinct niche in circuitry as many of them specialize in innervating GABAergic cells, thus providing network disinhibition. In the CA1 hippocampus, VIP+ interneuron-selective cells target local interneurons. Here, we discover a type of VIP+ neuron whose axon innervates CA1 and also projects to the subiculum (VIP-LRPs). VIP-LRPs show specific molecular properties and target interneurons within the CA1 area but both interneurons and pyramidal cells within subiculum. They are interconnected through gap junctions but demonstrate sparse spike coupling in vitro. In awake mice, VIP-LRPs decrease their activity during theta-run epochs and are more active during quiet wakefulness but not coupled to sharp-wave ripples. Together, the data provide evidence for VIP interneuron molecular diversity and functional specialization in controlling cell ensembles along the hippocampo-subicular axis.
A biomimetic nanoreactor for synergistic chemiexcited photodynamic therapy and starvation therapy against tumor metastasis
Authors: Yu Zhengze , Zhou Ping , Pan Wei , Li Na , Tang Bo 
Published: November 2018

AbstractPhotodynamic therapy (PDT) is ineffective against deeply seated metastatic tumors due to poor penetration of the excitation light. Herein, we developed a biomimetic nanoreactor (bio-NR) to achieve synergistic chemiexcited photodynamic-starvation therapy against tumor metastasis. Photosensitizers on the hollow mesoporous silica nanoparticles (HMSNs) are excited by chemical energy in situ of the deep metastatic tumor to generate singlet oxygen (1O2) for PDT, and glucose oxidase (GOx) catalyzes glucose into hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Remarkably, this process not only blocks the nutrient supply for starvation therapy but also provides H2O2 to synergistically enhance PDT. Cancer cell membrane coating endows the nanoparticle with biological properties of homologous adhesion and immune escape. Thus, bio-NRs can effectively convert the glucose into 1O2 in metastatic tumors. The excellent therapeutic effects of bio-NRs in vitro and in vivo indicate their great potential for cancer metastasis therapy.
The Trithorax protein Ash1L promotes myoblast fusion by activating Cdon expression
Authors: Castiglioni Ilaria , Caccia Roberta , Garcia-Manteiga Jose Manuel , Ferri Giulia , Caretti Giuseppina , Molineris Ivan , Nishioka Kenichi , Gabellini Davide 
Published: November 2018

AbstractMyoblast fusion (MF) is required for muscle growth and repair, and its alteration contributes to muscle diseases. The mechanisms governing this process are incompletely understood, and no epigenetic regulator has been previously described. Ash1L is an epigenetic activator belonging to the Trithorax group of proteins and is involved in FSHD muscular dystrophy, autism and cancer. Its physiological role in skeletal muscle is unknown. Here we report that Ash1L expression is positively correlated with MF and reduced in Duchenne muscular dystrophy. In vivo, ex vivo and in vitro experiments support a selective and evolutionary conserved requirement for Ash1L in MF. RNA- and ChIP-sequencing indicate that Ash1L is required to counteract Polycomb repressive activity to allow activation of selected myogenesis genes, in particular the key MF gene Cdon. Our results promote Ash1L as an important epigenetic regulator of MF and suggest that its activity could be targeted to improve cell therapy for muscle diseases.
Abiotic formation of condensed carbonaceous matter in the hydrating oceanic crust
Authors: Sforna Marie Catherine , Brunelli Daniele , Pisapia Céline , Pasini Valerio , Malferrari Daniele , Ménez Bénédicte 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThermodynamic modeling has recently suggested that condensed carbonaceous matter should be the dominant product of abiotic organic synthesis during serpentinization, although it has not yet been described in natural serpentinites. Here we report evidence for three distinct types of abiotic condensed carbonaceous matter in paragenetic equilibrium with low-temperature mineralogical assemblages hosted by magma-impregnated, mantle-derived, serpentinites of the Ligurian Tethyan ophiolite. The first type coats hydroandraditic garnets in bastitized pyroxenes and bears mainly aliphatic chains. The second type forms small aggregates (~2 µm) associated with the alteration rims of spinel and plagioclase. The third type appears as large aggregates (~100–200 µm), bearing aromatic carbon and short aliphatic chains associated with saponite and hematite assemblage after plagioclase. These assemblages result from successive alteration at decreasing temperature and increasing oxygen fugacity. They affect a hybrid mafic-ultramafic paragenesis commonly occurring in the lower oceanic crust, pointing to ubiquity of the highlighted process during serpentinization.
Efficient and stable sky-blue delayed fluorescence organic light-emitting diodes with CIEy below 0.4
Authors: Chan Chin-Yiu , Tanaka Masaki , Nakanotani Hajime , Adachi Chihaya 
Published: November 2018

AbstractOrganic light-emitting diodes utilizing thermally activated delayed fluorescence is a potential solution for achieving stable blue devices. Sky-blue devices (CIEy < 0.4) with high stability and high external quantum efficiency (>15%) at 1000 cd m−2 based on either delayed fluorescence or phosphorescence are still limited and very hard to achieve simultaneously. Here, we report the design and synthesis of a new thermally activated delayed fluorescence emitter, 3Ph2CzCzBN. A sky-blue device based on 3Ph2CzCzBN exhibits a high external quantum efficiency of 16.6% at 1000 cd m−2. The device shows a sky-blue electroluminescence of 482 nm and achieves Commission Internationale de l’ Eclairage coordinates of (0.17, 0.36). The sky-blue device exhibits a superb LT90 of 38 h. This is the first demonstration of high-efficiency and stable sky-blue devices (CIEy < 0.4) based on delayed fluorescence, which represents an important advance in the field of blue organic light-emitting diode technology.
Synergistic enzymatic and bioorthogonal reactions for selective prodrug activation in living systems
Authors: Yao Qingxin , Lin Feng , Fan Xinyuan , Wang Yanpu , Liu Ye , Liu Zhaofei , Jiang Xingyu , Chen Peng R. , Gao Yuan 
Published: November 2018

AbstractAdverse drug reactions (ADRs) restrict the maximum doses applicable in chemotherapy, which leads to failure in cancer treatment. Various approaches, including nano-drug and prodrug strategies aimed at reducing ADRs, have been developed, but these strategies have their own pitfalls. A renovated strategy for ADR reduction is urgently needed. Here, we employ an enzymatic supramolecular self-assembly process to accumulate a bioorthogonal decaging reaction trigger inside targeted cancer cells, enabling spatiotemporally controlled, synergistic prodrug activation. The bioorthogonally activated prodrug exhibits significantly enhanced potency against cancer cells compared with normal cells. This prodrug activation strategy further demonstrates high tumour inhibition efficacy with satisfactory biocompatibility, pharmacokinetics, and safety in vivo. We envision that integration of enzymatic and bioorthogonal reactions will serve as a general small-molecule-based strategy for alleviation of ADRs in chemotherapy.