bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Limited effect of mycorrhizal inoculation depending on soil type and fertilization level in a central European field trial
Authors: Prettl Nándor , Biró Borbála , Nugroho Priyo Adi , Kotroczó Zsolt , Kabalan Sundoss , Kovács Flórián , Papdi Enikő , Juhos Katalin 
Published: November 2024

AbstractRecent trends indicate a substantial increase in the application of mycorrhizal inoculants (Myc) across Central Europe. These inoculants are projected to contribute to a reduction in fertilizer dependency and to facilitate the mobilization of soil nutrients. Nevertheless, most studies are conducted in tropical or arid regions with very few data on wether mycorrhizal inoculants affect soil biological activity and cereal growth in temperate climates. A 4-year field trial was set up to assess the effects of Myc treatments (Funneliformis, Clariodeoglomus, Rhizophagus)on two different soil types. Myc was applied in combination with conventional fertilization in the first three years (sowing corn-wheat-corn) and substantially reduced fertilizer application in the fourth year (sowing corn). Weather conditions and fertilizer application rates had the highest impact on crop yields and shoot biomass throughout the four-year period. Mycorrhizal inoculants consistently caused significantly greater root colonization than the control each year, regardless of the fertilization rate. Myc also enhanced root capacity, phosphatase enzyme activity, and yield, but these benefits were most pronounced when combined with reduced fertilization and Luvisol with nutrient deficiency. In contrast, higher levels of soil organic matter and microbial activity in Gleysol led to a greater yield and diminished the impact of Myc compared to Luvisol. In this experiment, the Myc’s capacity to increase yield was not enough to compensate for the yield decrease caused by reduced fertilization. Our results indicate how critical soil types and fertilizer application rates are in determining the effectiveness of Myc in Central European cereal production.
Assessing the performance of Portuguese public hospitals before and during COVID-19 outbreak, with optimistic and pessimistic benchmarking approaches
Authors: Vara Guilherme Mendes , Gomes Marta Castilho , Ferreira Diogo Cunha 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic had a profound impact on the tertiary sector, particularly in healthcare, which faced unprecedented demand despite the existence of limited resources, such as hospital beds, staffing resources, and funding. The magnitude and global scale of this crisis provide a compelling incentive to thoroughly analyse its effects. This study aims to identify best practices within the Portuguese national healthcare service, with the goal of improving preparedness for future crises and informing policy decisions. Using a Benefit-of-the-Doubt (BoD) approach, this research constructs composite indicators to assess the pandemic's impact on the Portuguese public hospitals. The study analyzes monthly data from 2017 to May 2022, highlighting critical trends and performance fluctuations during this period. The findings reveal that each COVID-19 wave led to a decline in hospital performance, with the first wave being the most severe due to a lack of preparedness. Furthermore, the pandemic worsened the disparities among examined hospitals. Pre-pandemic top performers in each group improved their performance and were more consistently recognized as benchmarks, with their average benchmark frequency increasing from 66.5% to 83.5%. These top entities demonstrated greater resilience and adaptability, further distancing themselves from underperforming hospitals, which saw declines in both performance scores and benchmark frequency, widening the performance gap. The superior performance of top entities can be attributed to pre-existing strategic tools and contextual factors that enabled them to withstand the pandemic's challenges more effectively.

Highlights
• The pandemic aggravated the differences between the hospitals examined.
• The top-performing entities further distanced themselves from the remaining entities after the pandemic
• Entities considered benchmarks before the pandemic remained the same, and became even more consistent during the pandemic.
• The top-performing entities achieved higher scores than their pre-pandemic performance levels.
• Benchmarking models for composite indicators with diverse decision-making preferences, and treatment of imperfect knowledge of data.
Course leaders’ conceptions of the purpose of interdisciplinary education
Authors: Ripley Dwayne , Markauskaite Lina 
Published: November 2024

AbstractUniversities are expanding the number of interdisciplinary courses they offer. These courses are often developed at the fringes of universities and academic departments by course leaders who often have significant design and teaching autonomy. Course leaders’ conceptions of the purpose of interdisciplinary education shape their decisions about course outcomes, content, and educational approaches, yet little is known about the rationales underlying their choices. This study uses phenomenographic interviews to address the question: How do interdisciplinary course leaders conceive of the purpose of interdisciplinary education? Outcomes from interviews with 23 leaders at an Australian university show five conceptions of purpose that are: (A) enrichment-oriented, (B) employability-oriented, (C) integration-oriented, (D) epistemically-oriented, and (E) society-oriented. Some of these course leaders’ conceptions reflect common instrumental purposes of interdisciplinary education that focus on preparing students to work in interdisciplinary teams and workplaces. However, some conceptions extend beyond instrumental purposes to include the development of students’ epistemic and relational capabilities aiming to prepare them to engage with novel, open-ended forms of knowledge work. The created outcome space offers a reflective tool that course leaders and other stakeholders can use to support their discussions about the purposes of interdisciplinary education. It also could serve as a starting point for curriculum planning and design.
The X-ray Structures of [Fe(CO)3(η4-6-exo-(PAr3)cyclohepta-2,4-dien-1-one][BF4] (Ar = m-C6H4CH3 or p-C6H4F)
Authors: Miller Makenna R. , Carlotz Ryann A. , Stevens Jeremiah E. , Griffith Daniel R. , Nataro Chip 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe structures of [Fe(CO)3(η4-6-exo-(tri-m-tolylphosphine)cyclohepta-2,4-dien-1-one][BF4] [tetragonal, a = 35.6005(7), b = 35.6005(7), c = 10.5456(3), space group I41/a] and [Fe(CO)3(η4-6-exo-(tri-p-fluorophenylphosphine)cyclohepta-2,4-dien-1-one][BF4] [triclinic, a = 9.8852(3), b = 10.0996(4), c = 16.0526(4), α = 99.813(3), β = 94.164(2), g = 102.911(3) space group P-1] have been determined. Both structures contain a disordered CH2Cl2 molecule. The tetrafluoroborate ion in [Fe(CO)3(η4-6-exo-(tri-m-tolylphosphine)cyclohepta-2,4-dien-1-one][BF4] is also disordered. There are no close contacts indicative of hydrogen bonding within either structure, but there is π-π stacking observed for [Fe(CO)3(η4-6-exo-(tri-m-tolylphosphine)cyclohepta-2,4-dien-1-one][BF4].
Graphical Abstract
All that Matters are Forests and Seas? Practising Relevance in Interdisciplinary Environment-Focused Social Science Fields
Authors: Koch Susanne , Varga Judit 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPolicy increasingly requires societally relevant and interdisciplinary science, which prompts questions about science’s orientation to diverse academic and non-academic actors. This paper examines how relevance is practised and negotiated in two evolving interdisciplinary social science fields: marine social sciences and forest policy research. Both fields investigate human relations with specific environments: how people use, manage and govern, live with and value seas and forests. Diverse social and political actors have stakes in the knowledge these fields generate. To whose matters and stakes do researchers respond and orient their research? Are such orientations reflexively discussed and contested? To operationalise relevance, we employ the notion of ‘epistemic commitments’ while adopting a Bourdieusian perspective on scientific fields. Our analysis draws on conference observation, interviews and document analysis. We find diverse epistemic commitments in both fields, but see noticeable differences in their prevalence, reflexivity and contestation. Examining the fields’ socio-historical trajectories, we theorise that these differences are due to field-specific properties: their relative autonomy to negotiate relevance independently from other disciplines and external forces; and the field-specific habitus that impacts the degree to which relevance is a reflexive commitment, or an unconscious practice. The comparative analysis suggests that interdisciplinary scientific fields’ specific institutional histories and relations with societal and policy actors shape relevance practices and the extent to which these are internally contested.
From human-centered to symbiotic artificial intelligence: a focus on medical applications
Authors: Desolda Giuseppe , Esposito Andrea , Lanzilotti Rosa , Piccinno Antonio , Costabile Maria F. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe rapid growth in interest in Artificial Intelligence (AI) has been a significant driver of research and business activities in recent years. This raises new critical issues, particularly concerning interaction with AI systems. This article first presents a survey that identifies the primary issues addressed in Human-Centered AI (HCAI), focusing on the interaction with AI systems. The survey outcomes permit to clarify disciplines, concepts, and terms around HCAI, solutions to design and evaluate HCAI systems, and the emerging challenges; these are all discussed with the aim of supporting researchers in identifying more pertinent approaches to create HCAI systems. Another main finding emerging from the survey is the need to create Symbiotic AI (SAI) systems. Definitions of both HCAI systems and SAI systems are provided. To illustrate and frame SAI more clearly, we focus on medical applications, discussing two case studies of SAI systems.
Gamification of control valves in real-time multibody simulation of an excavator
Authors: Jaiswal Suraj , Jiang Dezhi , Xiang Saidi , Nikitina Anna , Khadim Qasim , Mikkola Aki 
Published: November 2024

AbstractMultibody simulation of heavy machinery such as excavators, wheel loaders, and tractors is highly influenced by parameters of hydraulic components such as the control valves. The objective of this study is to introduce gamification to parameterize the flow characteristics of control valves in real-time multibody simulation of an excavator. To this end, the mechanics of the excavator is modeled using a semirecursive multibody method and the hydraulics is modeled using the lumped fluid method. The gamification concept is introduced using game elements and game-design techniques in a nongame context. Using the excavator case example, various tests with increasing level of difficulty are performed on a simulator. The results of this study exhibit the utility of such a gamified simulation model in various phases of user training and product development.
High-Temperature Oxidation Study in a Multi-Oxidant Environment Using 18O Tracer
Authors: Lehmusto Juho , Ievlev Anton , Kurley James , Pint Bruce A. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The goal of this study was to use 18O-enriched water to better understand the role of H2O in high-temperature oxidation. Seven model and three commercial M-Cr and M-Cr-Al alloys were studied in air with 10% of H2O at 800 °C for 5 h. Oxygen from water vapor was more reactive than oxygen from the air and 18O enriched at the outermost layers of the formed Cr- and Al-rich oxides. Alloys with Al and/or Ti additions showed signs of internal oxidation but 18O was not enriched inside the alloy in locations with internal oxidation. Depending on the alloy Al content, the oxide went from Al oxidation beneath a chromia scale to external alumina scale formation.
Anti-Natalism and (The Right Kinds of) Environmental Attitudes
Authors: Leak Connor 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis paper explores anti-natalism and attitudes towards environmental preservation. Anti-natalisms of a certain kind, what I call “compassion-based anti-natalisms”, adhere to the principle of minimising suffering, and this goes hand-in-hand with the common belief that protecting the environment from destruction is the right thing to do. However, I argue that environmental preservation is, in fact, antithetical to the anti-natalist’s aims. This is because environmental preservation is, as I argue, primarily for future generations and has, therefore, pro-natalist attachments: environmental preservation promotes and enables future generations. As a result, environmental preservation conflicts with three of the anti-natalist’s fundamental values: the goal of extinction, an overall reduction in suffering, and adherence to a duty of non-procreation. Because of this, I discuss two possible attitudes the anti-natalist might take towards environmental preservation: Destruction and Apathy. Destruction involves the active degradation and destruction of the environment to bring about extinction as soon as possible. Apathy is to be “hands-off” towards preservation and degrade the environment more slowly. I state that Apathy is the most suitable attitude for the anti-natalist to take towards the environment because it ascertains a sensible balance within the anti-natalist’s values and does not introduce new, morally objectionable outcomes. Finally, I discuss some practical limitations to Apathy and how the anti-natalist might best act in the context of the real world. I conclude that anti-natalists might have to compromise on their values and, paradoxically, support environmental preservation.
The concept of entrepreneurial opportunities: a review and directions for future research
Authors: Schlichte Franziska , Junge Sebastian 
Published: November 2024

AbstractShane and Venkataraman's (2000) seminal work reshaped the landscape of entrepreneurship research by introducing the concept of entrepreneurial opportunities. Their groundbreaking article sparked a wave of scholarly interest that spawned a wealth of literature and propelled entrepreneurship research forward. However, over time, a large number of studies have been published, delving into various facets and sometimes detached determinants of the concept of entrepreneurial opportunities. Now, more than two decades after the pivotal contribution of Shane and Venkataraman (2000), it is imperative to reflect on the breadth of accumulated knowledge and identify overlooked areas within the field of entrepreneurial opportunities. This study aims to conduct a comprehensive examination of entrepreneurial opportunities and their associated underlying processes. Using a systematic literature review, we highlight key findings from previous studies and identify research gaps that provide promising directions that future research needs to address in order to further enhance this field of research.
Gap solitons with the concatenation model by enhanced direct algebraic method
Authors: Ahmed Manar S. , Arnous Ahmed H. , Biswas Anjan , Yildirim Yakup , Jawad Anwar Ja’afar Mohamad , Hussein Layth 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis paper recovers the gap solitons in fiber Bragg gratings for the concatenation model that comes with Kerr-law of self-phase modulation by the usage of enhanced direct algebraic approach. A full spectrum of optical solitons are thus recovered. The existence criteria of such solitons, in the form of parameters constraints, that naturally emerged during the course of derivation, are presented. A few numerical simulations supplement the mathematical analysis.
The analytic content is not semiadditive
Authors: Zeron Eduardo S. , Gauthier Paul M. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractWe show that the analytic content $$\lambda (\cdot )$$

λ
(
·
)

is neither subadditive nor semiadditive. To be precise, for compact sets K in the complex plane, $$\lambda (K)$$

λ
(
K
)

is the K-uniform distance from the complex conjugation to the algebra of all rational functions with poles outside K. Thus, given any integer $$n\ge 1$$

n
≥
1

, it is proven that each compactum K can be decomposed as the union of two new compact sets $$E_1$$

E
1

and $$E_2$$

E
2

with $$\lambda (E_j)\le 1/n$$

λ
(

E
j

)
≤
1
/
n

for $$j=1,2$$

j
=
1
,
2

. Moreover, we also show that no compactum K with positive analytic content can be decomposed as the countable union of compact sets of zero analytic content.
Of canoes, tinnies and helicopters: contemporary maritime mobility and place relations in north central Arnhem Land
Authors: Williams Sam 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The mobility of Indigenous Australians has long been a source of bureaucratic attention in the Northern Territory (NT). While much government policy has focused on sedentarising Indigenous people into towns – justified under the agendas of economic viability and streamlined service delivery – anthropologists have brought attention to the way these policies render invisible kin-based relationships to ancestral lands and sanction certain forms of movement. Ethnographic studies of Australian Indigenous mobility have examined the systems of interconnection between people and place that shape distinct Indigenous social and economic values related to movement. This literature, however, has left practices of maritime mobility largely unstudied. This paper examines historic and contemporary mobility between the towns of Warruwi and Maningrida in north central Arnhem Land. This coastline is devoid of both road access and outstations, in contrast to most of coastal Arnhem Land. As such, it is marked by patterns of maritime mobility, once by kupuny (dugout canoe) and now in motorised metal boats known as ‘tinnies’. The paper draws on several months of ethnographic research conducted in Warruwi, Maningrida, and the coastline between the towns to examine patterns of movement across these waters. The paper asks how the temporal acceleration of maritime mobility interfaces with the affective dimensions of relationship in ancestral Country. I argue that as mobility accelerates, non-Indigenous institutions have an increasingly acute mediating effect on encounters between Indigenous landowners and their ancestral lands and seas.
Management of autosomal dominant hypocalcemia type 1: Literature review and clinical practice recommendations
Authors: De Coster Thomas , David Karel , Breckpot Jeroen , Decallonne Brigitte 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Autosomal Dominant Hypocalcemia type 1 (ADH1), caused by gain-of-function variants in the calcium-sensing receptor (CASR), is characterized by a variable degree of hypocalcemia and hypercalciuria with inappropriately low PTH. The clinical spectrum is broad, ranging from being asymptomatic to presenting with severe clinical features of hypocalcemia and end-organ damage such as nephrolithiasis and intracerebral calcifications. Although the underlying pathophysiology is different, ADH1 patients are often managed as patients with ‘classical’ primary hypoparathyroidism, possibly leading to (exacerbation of) hypercalciuria. New treatments such as PTH analogues and calcilytics directly targeting the CASR are in the pipeline. Specific clinical guidance for treatment and monitoring of ADH1 patients is lacking. The purpose of this study is to provide a literature review on management of ADH1, including new therapies, and to formulate practice recommendations.

Methods
We searched for articles and ongoing clinical trials regarding management of ADH1.

Results
Forty articles were included. First we review the conventional treatment of ADH1, focusing on active vitamin D, calcium supplements, thiazide diuretics, phosphorus binders and dietary recommendations. In a second part we give an overview of studies with emerging treatments in ADH1: PTH analogues (PTH1-34, rhPTH1-84, TransCon PTH and others) and calcilytics (preclinical studies and clinical trials). In a third part we discuss literature findings regarding monitoring of ADH1 patients. Finally, we formulate clinical practice recommendations.

Conclusion
We provide an overview of conventional and new treatments for ADH1 patients. Based on these data, we propose practical recommendations to assist clinicians in the management of ADH1 patients.
Mechanical behaviour and acoustic emission characteristics of the reinforced soft muddy rock under various moisture content levels
Authors: Rong Haoyu , Wang Wei , Li Guichen , Zhao Guangming , Liang Dongxu , Xu Jiahui 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn order to investigate the failure mechanism of the reinforced muddy soft rock under the influence of the hydration reaction when ground water is present, a series of confined compressive tests and Acoustic Emission (AE) recordings were conducted subject to various moisture content levels and lateral confining stresses. It was found that the failure modes of the reinforced rock specimen were affected by the moisture content level and the lateral stress σ2 in a way that the load bearing capacity of the reinforced rock would increase with the lateral stress σ2 but decrease as the moisture content increased. An increase in the moisture content would reduce the extent of the influence of the lateral stress on the load bearing capacity of the reinforced rock. In addition, much less AE counts were recorded when the moisture content increased indicating that the crack initiation and propagation in this case was easier due to the reduction of the required external input energy. With increasing moisture content, the failure mode of the specimen gradually changes from sudden and brittle to progressive and ductile. Moreover, the hydration reaction became more significant leading to a complete debonding between the grout and the rock. Consequently, the reinforcement provided by the rock bolt to the rock became negligible.
A novel method combining strata movement and UAV infrared remote sensing technology to evaluate mining ground damage
Authors: Zhao Yixin , Zhang Kangning , Ling Chunwei , Guo Jihong , Sun Bo 
Published: November 2024

AbstractMining-induced ground fissures are common problems associated with mining damage in shallowly buried coal seams in the western mining area of China. To evaluate the surface mining damage of the 12203 working face of the Huojitu Colliery in Shendong mining area, low-altitude infrared aerial surveys were conducted on the ground at the static fissure area (O-A1) and the dynamic fissure area (O-A2) of the working face. The temperature evolution patterns of fissures, sand and plants in the infrared images were analysed. The relationship between overburden fractures and surface fissure temperature was revealed, and the influence range and temperature self-healing period of the surface affected by underground mining were determined. The results indicated that underground mining could lead to a decrease in the ground temperature above the working face. The surface temperature evolution can be divided into three zones: a temperature stabilization zone before mining, a temperature cooling zone during mining, and a temperature recovery zone after mining. The temperature of sand and plants above the working face exhibited quadratic curve changes in O-A1 and O-A2, respectively. The length of the temperature reduction zone affected by mining is 40 m in O-A2, and 46.8 m in O-A1. The temperature recovery periods of ground fissures in O-A1 and O-A2 were 4.0 and 4.6 d, respectively. These findings could provide a basis for evaluating mining ground damage.