bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quality of experience for unified communications: A survey
Authors: Baraković Husić Jasmina , Baraković Sabina , Cero Enida , Slamnik Nina , Oćuz Merima , Dedović Azer , Zupčić Osman 
Published: August 2019

SummaryThis paper presents a quality of experience (QoE) conceptual model to the context of unified communications (UC) through summary, classification, and discussion of multiple influence factors (IFs) and dimensions affecting it. A deep and comprehensive understanding of the IFs and their impact on QoE for a given service is an essential precondition for successful QoE management with the overall goal of prominently optimizing end‐user QoE, while making efficient use of network resources and maintaining a satisfied user base. The proposed conceptual model was used to conduct a qualitative meta‐analytical review of selected papers. The results of the qualitative review include various IFs, QoE dimensions, and key findings in the form of research recommendations for QoE in the context of UC.
A nonintrusive distributed reduced‐order modeling framework for nonlinear structural mechanics—Application to elastoviscoplastic computations
Authors: Casenave Fabien , Akkari Nissrine , Bordeu Felipe , Rey Christian , Ryckelynck David 
Published: August 2019

SummaryIn this work, we propose a framework that constructs reduced‐order models for nonlinear structural mechanics in a nonintrusive fashion and can handle large‐scale simulations. Three steps are carried out: (i) the production of high‐fidelity solutions by commercial software, (ii) the offline stage of the model reduction, and (iii) the online stage where the reduced‐order model is exploited. The nonintrusivity assumes that only the displacement field solution is known, and the proposed framework carries out operations on these simulation data during the offline phase. The compatibility with a new commercial code only needs the implementation of a routine converting the discretized solution into our in‐house data format. The nonintrusive capabilities of the framework are demonstrated on numerical experiments using commercial versions of Z‐set and Ansys Mechanical. The nonlinear constitutive equations are evaluated by using an external plugin. The large‐scale simulations are handled using domain decomposition and parallel computing with distributed memory. The features and performances of the framework are evaluated on two numerical applications involving elastoviscoplastic materials: the second one involves a model of high‐pressure blade, where the framework is used to extrapolate cyclic loadings in 6.5 hours, whereas the reference high‐fidelity computation would take 9.5 days.
Barriers and facilitators to the implementation of a stepped care intervention for personality disorder in mental health services
Authors: Pigot Melissa , Miller Caitlin E. , Brockman Robert , Grenyer Brin F.S. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackgroundIndividuals with personality disorders—particularly borderline personality disorder—are high users of mental health treatment services. Emergency service responses often focus on crisis management, and there are limited opportunities to provide appropriate longer term evidence‐based treatment. Many individuals with personality disorders find themselves in a revolving cycle between emergency departments and waiting for community treatment. A stepped care approach may help to triage clients and allow access to interventions with minimal client, clinician and system burden. This study aims to understand the facilitators and barriers to real‐world implementation of a stepped care approach to treating personality disorders.MethodsManagers and clinicians of health services engaged in implementation were interviewed to obtain accounts of experiences. Interviews were transcribed and thematically analysed to generate themes describing barriers and facilitators.ResultsParticipants identified personal attitudes, knowledge and skills as important for successful implementation. Existing positive attitudes and beliefs about treating people with a personality disorder contributed to the emergence of clinical champions. Training facilitated positive attitudes by justifying the psychological approach. Management support was found to bi‐directionally effect implementation.ConclusionsThis study suggests specific organizational and individual factors may increase timely and efficient implementation of interventions for people with personality disorders. © 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Identification of the active site residues in ATP‐citrate lyase's carboxy‐terminal portion
Authors: Nguyen Vinh H. , Singh Noreen , Medina Ana , Usón Isabel , Fraser Marie E. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractATP‐citrate lyase (ACLY) catalyzes production of acetyl‐CoA and oxaloacetate from CoA and citrate using ATP. In humans, this cytoplasmic enzyme connects energy metabolism from carbohydrates to the production of lipids. In certain bacteria, ACLY is used to fix carbon in the reductive tricarboxylic acid cycle. The carboxy(C)‐terminal portion of ACLY shows sequence similarity to citrate synthase of the tricarboxylic acid cycle. To investigate the roles of residues of ACLY equivalent to active site residues of citrate synthase, these residues in ACLY from Chlorobium limicola were mutated, and the proteins were investigated using kinetics assays and biophysical techniques. To obtain the crystal structure of the C‐terminal portion of ACLY, full‐length C. limicola ACLY was cleaved, first non‐specifically with chymotrypsin and subsequently with Tobacco Etch Virus protease. Crystals of the C‐terminal portion diffracted to high resolution, providing structures that show the positions of active site residues and how ACLY tetramerizes.
Bridging the divide: Demographic dynamics and urban–rural polarities during economic expansion and recession in Greece
Authors: Salvati Luca 
Published: August 2019

AbstractDemographic processes such as international migration, internal rural–urban movements, and short‐range residential mobility are increasingly driven by economic cycles. To assess how economic downturns have influenced demographic dynamics across regions in Greece—perhaps the European country most affected by the 2007 recession—the present study investigates spatial patterns of population increase and decline (2002–2017) in 51 prefectures, evaluating the contribution of natural balance (births minus deaths) and migration to total population growth during economic expansion (2002–2009) and recession (2010–2017). Population increased during economic expansion in semicentral regions with medium‐size urban centres, upper economic functions (university and international airport), and road infrastructures. Although natural balance was positive in almost all prefectures, migration contributed the most to population growth during 2002–2009. A generalised population decline was observed during recession, except in coastal areas specialised in tourism, the only regions still attracting migratory flows and maintaining a slightly positive natural balance. The largest urban areas (Athens, Salonika) experienced the highest rate of population decline, thanks to accelerated emigration and a moderately negative natural balance. Population dynamics during economic expansion contributed to increase a traditional density gap between urban and rural areas. Conversely, population dynamics during recession led to a spatial redistribution of population, reducing the gap between urban areas and rural, tourism‐specialised coastal districts. Evidence in our study supports a need for further investigation into the role of economic downturns in future population redistribution processes, specifically “shrinking” regions.
Real‐time differentiation of ethylbenzene and the xylenes using selected ion flow tube mass spectrometry
Authors: Allpress Caleb , Crittenden Deb , Ma Jing , McEwan Murray , Robinson Sage , Wilson Paul , Wu Melvin 
Published: August 2019

RationaleMonitoring of isomeric analytes using mass spectrometry usually requires a time‐consuming chromatographic separation of the analytes before analysis. Selected ion flow tube mass spectrometry (SIFT‐MS) can provide rapid direct analysis of ethylbenzene and xylene by utilizing the different reaction chemistry of the isomers. O2+ yields the same product ions from each isomer but in different ratios. OH− yields different product ions.MethodsThe reaction chemistry of C8H10 with the reagent ion OH− generated from a microwave discharge of moist air in a commercial SIFT‐MS instrument was utilized in this study. The product ion from OH− yielded ions at different masses for each isomer. To gain an understanding of how the product ion from ethylbenzene of HO2− was generated, a theoretical study of the potential reaction surface was undertaken that accounted for the experimental observations.ResultsMeasurements of OH− with ethylbenzene showed the product ion to be HO2− at m/z 33. The reaction of OH− with xylene yielded the major product ion at m/z 105, C8H9−. HO2− also underwent a slow secondary reaction with CO2 and O2 present from air in the samples. These findings were supported by calculations of the potential energy surface for the reactions. Measurements made on a certified gas mixture of ethylbenzene and xylene in the concentration range up to 5000 ppbv gave a linear response for each analyte.ConclusionsA fast, efficient method was developed for monitoring xylene and ethylbenzene in a mixture without the need for chromatographic separation before analysis using SIFT‐MS.
Mesenchymal stromal cell-derived extracellular vesicles for regenerative therapy and immune modulation: Progress and challenges toward clinical application
Authors: Allan David , Tieu Alvin , Lalu Manoj , Burger Dylan 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have emerged as a promising form of regenerative therapy and immune modulation. Fundamental advances in our understanding of MSCs and EVs have allowed these fields to merge and create potential cell-free therapy options that are cell-based. EVs contain active cargo including proteins, microRNA, and mRNA species that can impact signaling responses in target cells to modify inflammatory and repair responses. Increasing numbers of preclinical studies in animals with various types of injury models have been published that demonstrate the potential impact of MSC-EV therapy. Although the emergence of registered clinical protocols suggests translation to clinical application has already begun, several barriers to more widespread clinical adoption remain. In this review, we highlight the progress made in MSC-derived small EV-based therapy by summarizing aspects pertaining to the starting material for MSC expansion, EV production, and isolation methods, studies from preclinical models that have established a foundation of knowledge to support translation into the patient setting, and potential barriers to overcome on the path to clinical application.

Significance statement Mesenchymal stromal cell-derived extracellular vesicles are a promising cell-free therapy for regenerative medicine and immune modulation with growing evidence from preclinical animal studies. Bioactive cargo in extracellular vesicles, including proteins, microRNA, and mRNA species, can impact signaling responses in target cells to modify inflammatory and repair responses. Although translation to clinical application has already begun, several barriers to more widespread clinical adoption remain.
Trading wind power through physically settled options and short‐term electricity markets
Authors: Papakonstantinou Athanasios , Champeri Georgia , Delikaraoglou Stefanos , Pinson Pierre 
Published: August 2019

AbstractWind power producers participating in today's electricity markets face significant variability in revenue streams, with potential high losses mostly due to wind's limited predictability and the intermittent nature of the generated electricity. In order to further expand wind power generation despite such challenges, it is important to maximize its market value and move decisively towards economically sustainable and financially viable asset management. In this paper, we introduce a decision‐making framework based on stochastic optimization that allows wind power producers to hedge their position in the market by trading physically settled options in futures markets in conjunction with their participation in the short‐term electricity markets. The proposed framework relies on a series of two‐stage stochastic optimization models that identify a combined trading strategy for wind power producers actively participating in both financial and day‐ahead electricity markets. The proposed models take into consideration penalties from potential deviations between day‐ahead market offers and real‐time operation and incorporates different preferences of risk aversion, enabling a trade‐off between the expected profit and its variability. Empirical analysis based on data from the Nordic region illustrates high efficiency of the stochastic model and reveals increased revenues for both risk neutral and risk averse wind producers opting for combined strategies.
HIV voluntary counselling and testing and behaviour changes among youths in Nigeria
Authors: Odimegwu Clifford O. , Imo Chukwuechefulam K. , Amoo Emmanuel O. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractVoluntary counselling and testing (VCT) for HIV has been promoted as a strategy to prevent HIV pandemics by changing sexual behaviour. Despite the provision of VCT in countries with generalized or high-burden epidemics, including Nigeria, the extent of its influence on behavioural change remains a conjecture. The main objective of this study was to examine the influence of HIV VCT on sexual behaviour changes among youths in Nigeria. The study utilized 2013 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS) data. Data were analysed from a nationally representative sample drawn from 8046 females and 6031 males aged 15–24 giving a total sample of 14,077 never-married youths. Descriptive and analytical analyses were carried out, including multivariate logistic regression. The study found a low uptake of HIV VCT and regional variation in behavioural changes between female and male youths. Voluntary HIV counselling and testing was found to be a protective factor for condom use at last sex for female youths, but significantly reduced the likelihood of primary sexual abstinence for both females and males, as well as having a single sexual partner for female youths. After controlling HIV VCT with other variables, certain socioeconomic factors were found to be significantly associated with behavioural changes. Thus, the attitudes of most Nigerian youths towards voluntary HIV counselling and testing needs to be improved through socioeconomic factors for healthy sexual activity. To achieve this, government and non-governmental organizations, as well as religious leaders and policymakers, should engage in appropriate and long-term activities directed at the sexual health needs of never-married youths, through voluntary HIV counselling and testing, to encourage them to change their sexual behaviour.
The emergence of sex differences in PTSD symptoms across development: evidence from the ALSPAC cohort
Authors: Haag Katharina , Fraser Abigail , Hiller Rachel , Seedat Soraya , Zimmerman Annie , Halligan Sarah L. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackgroundCross-sectional evidence suggests females in late adolescence exhibit higher rates of post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) than males and younger age groups. However, longitudinal evidence is limited, and underlying factors are not well understood. We investigated the emergence of sex differences in PTSS from childhood to adolescence in a large, longitudinal UK cohort, and tested whether these could be explained by overlap between PTSS and depressive symptoms, or onset of puberty.MethodsTrauma exposure and PTSS were assessed at ages 8, 10, 13 (parent-report) and 15 (self-report) years in a sub-sample of 9966 children and adolescents from the ALSPAC cohort-study. Analyses of PTSS focused on those who reported potential trauma-exposure at each time-point (ranged from n = 654 at 15 years to n = 1231 at 10 years). Age at peak-height velocity (APHV) was used as an indicator of pubertal timing.ResultsThere was no evidence of sex differences in PTSS at ages 8 and 10, but females were more likely to show PTSS at ages 13 (OR 1.54, p = 0.002) and 15 (OR 2.04, p = .001), even once symptoms related to depression were excluded. We found little evidence that the emergence of sex differences was related to pubertal timing (as indexed by APHV).ConclusionsResults indicate that females show higher levels of PTSS in adolescence but not during childhood. The emergence of this sex difference does not seem to be explained by overlap with depressive symptoms, while the influence of pubertal status requires further investigation.
The expressive turn of international criminal justice: A field in search of meaning
Authors: Sander Barrie 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAs the glow that accompanied the kinetic judicialization of the field of international criminal justice has faded over time, scholars have increasingly turned to expressivist strands of thought to justify, assess, and critique the practices of international criminal courts. This expressive turn has been characterized by a heightened concern for the pedagogical value and legitimating qualities of international criminal courts. This article develops a unique typology of expressivist perspectives within the field of international criminal justice, distinguishing between three strands of expressivism:instrumentalexpressivism, which concerns the justification of different practices of international criminal courts in terms of the instrumental value of their expressive qualities;interpretiveexpressivism, which concerns the identification of expressive avenues for improving the sociological legitimacy of international criminal courts; andcriticalexpressivism, which concerns the illumination of the expressive limits of international criminal courts, as well as unveiling the configurations of power that underpin the messages and narratives constructed within such courts in different institutional contexts. Reflecting on the limitations of these perspectives, the article elaborates a nascent strand of expressivism –strategicexpressivism – which concerns whether and how different actors in the field may harness the expressive power of international criminal justice in line with their strategic social and political agendas.
A review of the putative causal mechanisms associated with lower macular pigment in diabetes mellitus
Authors: Scanlon Grainne , Loughman James , Farrell Donal , McCartney Daniel 
Published: August 2019

AbstractMacular pigment (MP) confers potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects at the macula, and may therefore protect retinal tissue from the oxidative stress and inflammation associated with ocular disease and ageing. There is a body of evidence implicating oxidative damage and inflammation as underlying pathological processes in diabetic retinopathy. MP has therefore become a focus of research in diabetes, with recent evidence suggesting that individuals with diabetes, particularly type 2 diabetes, have lower MP relative to healthy controls. The present review explores the currently available evidence to illuminate the metabolic perturbations that may possibly be involved in MP’s depletion. Metabolic co-morbidities commonly associated with type 2 diabetes, such as overweight/obesity, dyslipidaemia, hyperglycaemia and insulin resistance, may have related and independent relationships with MP. Increased adiposity and dyslipidaemia may adversely affect MP by compromising the availability, transport and assimilation of these dietary carotenoids in the retina. Furthermore, carotenoid intake may be compromised by the dietary deficiencies characteristic of type 2 diabetes, thereby further compromising redox homeostasis. Candidate causal mechanisms to explain the lower MP levels reported in diabetes include increased oxidative stress, inflammation, hyperglycaemia, insulin resistance, overweight/obesity and dyslipidaemia; factors that may negatively affect redox status, and the availability, transport and stabilisation of carotenoids in the retina. Further study in diabetic populations is warranted to fully elucidate these relationships.
Mitochondrial cell-free DNA secreted from porcine granulosa cells
Authors: Kansaku Kazuki , Munakata Yasuhisa , Shirasuna Koumei , Kuwayama Takehito , Iwata Hisataka 
Published: August 2019

SummarySeveral studies have proposed that cell-free DNA (cfDNA) is a potential biomarker present in follicular fluid (FF) for oocyte quality. Recently we reported that mitochondria-derived cfDNA (mt-cfDNA) closely reflects the amount of cfDNA in FFs. The present study investigated the mechanism regulating mt-cfDNA secretion from porcine granulosa cells. Oocytes and cumulus cell complexes or granulosa cells (GCs) were cultured in maturation medium for 24 or 48 h respectively. Then, nuclear-derived cell-free DNA (n-cfDNA) or mt-cfDNA contents in the spent medium were examined using real-time polymerase chain reaction. When 10 μM of MG132, a proteasome inhibitor, was added to the culture medium, cellular viability of both COCs and GCs decreased and n-cfDNA significantly increased in the culture medium, whereas mt-cfDNA significantly decreased. Supplementation of the culture medium with GW4869, an inhibitor of intracellular vesicle formation, significantly decreased the mt-cfDNA, whereas no effect was observed on n-cfDNA in the medium of both COCs and GCs. Furthermore, the addition of bafilomycin, an inhibitor of autophagy to the culture medium significantly increased mt-cfDNA in the culture medium. After filtration (0.22 μm) and centrifugation (23,000g), the mt-cfDNA content of the medium decreased significantly. In conclusion, the proteasomal mitochondrial quality control system is upstream of mt-cfDNA secretion and autophagy plays a role in cellular digestion of mitochondrial DNA in the cytoplasm. It is further suggested that dsDNA is enclosed in certain vesicles or associated with small molecules and secreted into the medium.