bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of intradialytic resistance exercises on physical performance, nutrient intake and quality of life among haemodialysis people: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Zhang Fan , Zhou Wenqin , Sun Qiuzi , Zhai Yingying , Zhang Ying , Su Hui , Wang Zichun 
Published: October 2019

AbstractObjectivesThe aim of this systematic reviews was to synthesize the current studies for the effectiveness of intradialytic resistance exercises with usual care on HD people.DesignMeta‐analysis of randomized controlled studies.MethodsA systematic search of seven electronic databases, including PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, WanFang, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and SINOMED, was systematically searched up to May 2018. The reference lists of previously reported systematic review were also checked. Pooled analysis was used to determine effection of intradialytic resistance exercises for haemodialysis people. Physical performance, nutrient intake and quality of life were explored, by comparing the association between effect sizes.ResultsFourteen studies of 594 people were included. Compared with control groups, intradialytic resistance exercises significantly improve physical performance included 6‐min walk test, sit‐to‐stand 30 and grip strength. However, no significant improvements were found in nutrient intakes such as dietary protein intake and quality of life.
Institutional delivery service use and associated factors among women who delivered during the last 2 years in Dallocha town, SNNPR, Ethiopia
Authors: Assefa Masresha , Fite Robera Olana , Taye Ayanos , Belachew Tefera 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAimTo determine the institutional delivery service use and identify factors associated among women who delivered during the last two years in Dallocha town.DesignA community‐based cross‐sectional study.MethodsThe study was conducted from 10 March–10 April 2016. A total of 411 study participants were selected by using systematic sampling method. The source population was all reproductive age group mothers. Bivariate and multiple logistic regression was conducted.ResultsInstitutional delivery was 304 (74%). Factors associated with increased likelihood of institutional delivery were owning a radio or television, making more than four antenatal care visits, knowing at least one maternity service advantage. Not knowing about at least one benefit institutional delivery decreased the likelihood of institutional delivery.ConclusionThree‐quarters of the mothers delivered at the health institution. Accordingly, promotion of antenatal care follow‐up, in‐service training of health professionals and health education is recommended.
The Impact of Timing of Exercise Initiation on Weight Loss: An 18‐Month Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Catenacci Victoria A. , Ostendorf Danielle M. , Pan Zhaoxing , Bing Kristen , Wayland Liza T. , Seyoum Emmanuel , Stauffer Brian L. , Phelan Suzanne , Creasy Seth A. , Caldwell Ann E. , Wyatt Holly R. , Bessesen Daniel H. , Melanson Edward L. 
Published: October 2019

ObjectiveThis study aimed to evaluate the impact of timing of exercise initiation on weight loss within a behavioral weight loss program.MethodsAdults with overweight or obesity (N = 170; age 18‐55 years; BMI 25‐42 kg/m2; 83.5% women) were enrolled in an 18‐month behavioral weight loss program consisting of a reduced‐calorie diet, exercise, and group‐based support. The standard group (STD) received a supervised exercise program (progressing to 300 min/wk of moderate‐intensity aerobic exercise) during months 0 to 6. The sequential group (SEQ) was asked to refrain from changing exercise during months 0 to 6 and received the supervised exercise program during months 7 to 12. On completion of supervised exercise, both groups were instructed to continue 300 min/wk of moderate‐intensity exercise for the study duration.ResultsAt 6 months, the STD group exhibited greater reductions in body weight (−8.7 ± 0.7 kg) compared with the SEQ group (−6.9 ± 0.6 kg; P = 0.047). Between 6 and 18 months, the STD group regained more weight (2.5 ± 0.8 kg vs. 0.0 ± 0.8 kg; P = 0.02). At 18 months, there were no between‐group differences in changes in weight (STD: −6.9 ± 1.2 kg; SEQ: −7.9 ± 1.2 kg), fat mass, lean mass, physical activity, or attrition.ConclusionsBoth immediate and delayed exercise initiation within a behavioral weight loss program resulted in clinically meaningful weight loss at 18 months. Thus, timing of exercise initiation can be personalized based on patient preference.
Bis‐[3]Ferrocenophanes with Central >E−E’< Bonds (E, E’=P, SiH): Preparation, Properties, and Thermal Activation
Authors: Isenberg Stefan , Weller Stefan , Kargin Denis , Valić Srećko , Schwederski Brigitte , Kelemen Zsolt , Bruhn Clemens , Krekić Kristijan , Maurer Martin , Feil Christoph M. , Nieger Martin , Gudat Dietrich , Nyulászi László , Pietschnig Rudolf 
Published: October 2019

AbstractInvited for this month's cover picture are the groups of Professors Rudolf Pietschnig at the University of Kassel, Professor Dietrich Gudat at the University of Stuttgart and Professor László Nyulászi at the Budapest University of Technology and Economics. The cover picture shows the thermally induced homolytic cleavage of the central P‐P bond in a phosphorus–rich bis‐ferrocenophane furnishing P‐centered radicals (as evidenced by the computed spin‐density highlighted in blue). The central P6 unit in the title compound is a structural analog of the connecting unit in Hittorf's violet phosphorus, which links the orthogonally arranged tubular entities. A portrait of the German physicist Johann Wilhelm Hittorf is included. Read the full text of their Full Paper at 10.1002/open.201900182.
Next‐generation sequencing of PTEN mutations for monitoring minimal residual disease in T‐cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Germano Giuseppe , Valsecchi Maria Grazia , Buldini Barbara , Cazzaniga Giovanni , Zanon Carlo , Silvestri Daniela , te Kronnie Geertruij , Basso Giuseppe , Paganin Maddalena 
Published: October 2019

AbstractMinimal residual disease (MRD) analysis has become a powerful indicator to refine therapy in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Here, we present an MRD detection based on the next‐generation sequencing of PTEN exon 7 mutations (NGS‐PTEN) in 30 pediatric T‐cell ALL patients. By comparing the NGS‐PTEN results with current quantitative PCR of antigen receptor gene rearrangements (qPCR‐Ig/TR), an overall concordance of 80% was found between the two methods. However, the NGS‐PTEN qualified a lower number of high‐risk patients than qPCR‐Ig/TR. These findings suggest that NGS‐PTEN is a promising tool that could potentially be used to support current MRD methodologies for T‐ALL patients.
Tubular to spherical mesoscopic self‐assembly of C‐ and N‐termini capped dileucines
Authors: Datta Dhrubajyoti , Jana Saibal , Tiwari Omshanker 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAmong the plethora of aromatic and aliphatic dipeptide sequences that are successfully employed in nanoarchitecture and nanotechnology, dileucines (Leu‐Leu) is known for its self‐sorting behavior like diphenylalanine (Phe‐Phe), the most explored motif till date. However, only a few reports demonstrate the effects of capping groups on Leu‐Leu self‐assembly. Hence, to understand the effect of hydrophobic substituent on C‐/N‐termini, a series of Leu‐Leu derivatives are prepared and their self‐assembled morphology is evaluated. Spherical and tubular mesoscopic morphologies of C‐ and N‐termini capped Leu‐Leu owing to H‐bonding, π‐π stacking and van der Waals interactions are reported. Attachment of alkynes (propyne) at C‐termini results in micro‐tubes and rods for Boc‐Leu‐Leu‐Propyne and Fc‐Leu‐Leu‐Propyne, respectively. Hollow morphology was observed and substantiated by TEM and confocal microscopy. These micro‐tubes and micro‐rods transform into spherical nanoparticles after click conjugation at C‐termini which clearly show the effect of chemical modification on their self‐assembly. Therefore, subtle variations of capping groups result in remarkable changes of self‐assembled morphology, which suggests that the terminal capping is an important factor for rational design of short peptide‐based biomaterial.
Synthesis and decrosslinking of networked polymers having zwitterion structure consisted by cyclic amidine and isothiocyanate
Authors: Yamauchi Akira , Yoshida Yoshiaki , Endo Takeshi 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTWe have already found that the polymers, which are obtained by the polymerization of 4‐vinylphenyl isothoiocyanate after the zwitterion formation with cyclic amidines, are networked through the ionic interaction among the zwitterions becoming insoluble to various solvents. We report here on the results of the reaction of nucleophilic reagents such as amines and alcohols with the zwitterionic adduct to investigate about the decrosslinking through the resolution of ionic interactions. In the model reactions of amines and alcohols with the zwitterion compounds, which were consisted of the phenyl isothiocyanate and cyclic amidines, the reaction of nucleophilic reagents and zwitterionic adducts having methyl group at the 2‐position of the amidine proceed quantitatively. Based on the model reaction, such nucleophilic addition was applicable to decrosslinking reaction of the networked polymers containing the zwitterion structure in the side‐chain. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2019, 57, 2131–2137
Lower critical solution temperature sensitivity to structural changes in poly(N‐isopropyl acrylamide) homopolymers
Authors: García‐Peñas Alberto , Wang Yu , Muñoz‐Bonilla Alexandra , Fernández‐García Marta , Stadler Florian J. 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTThe effect of the molecular weight on the lower critical solution temperature (LCST) has been discussed extensively, where LCST increased with molar mass, decreased or kept constant, which leads to confusion. This work is focused on the preparation of poly(N‐isopropyl acrylamide) homopolymers, obtained in a wide molecular weights range. The LCST behavior is analyzed by calorimetry and rheology, and a deep study of molecular features is carried out for a better knowledge of the influence of various parameters involved on LCST. Finally, the molecular weight trend is observed, and its influence on LCST is compared with the effect of other parameters as polymer concentration in water, end‐group effect, and tacticity. It is observed that other parameters such tacticity and end‐group effect will affect the LCST behavior over molecular weight, if this one is not high enough. Furthermore, the study of the LCST ranges will be a useful tool for analyzing the molecular weight trends. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2019, 57, 1386–1393
Physical activity and asthma development in childhood: Prospective birth cohort study
Authors: Eijkemans Marianne , Mommers Monique , Remmers Teun , Draaisma Jos M. Th. , Prins Martin H. , Thijs Carel 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundSedentary behavior and decreased physical activity are possible risk factors for developing asthma. This longitudinal study investigates the association between physical activity and subsequent asthma. We hypothesize that children with decreased physical activity at early school age, have higher risk of developing asthma.MethodsOne thousand eight hundred thirty‐eight children from the KOALA Birth Cohort Study were analyzed. Children who were born prematurely or with congenital defects/diseases with possible influence on either physical activity or respiratory symptoms were excluded. Physical activity, sedentary behavior, and screen time were measured at age 4 to 5 years by questionnaire and accelerometry in a subgroup (n = 301). Primary outcome was asthma, assessed by repeated ISAAC questionnaires between age 6 and 10. Secondary outcome was lung function measured by spirometry in a subgroup (n = 485, accelerometry subgroup n = 62) (forced expiratory volume in 1 second [FEV1], forced vital capacity [FVC] and FEV1/FVC ratio) at age 6 to 7 years.ResultsReported physical activity was not associated with reported asthma nor lung function. Accelerometry data showed that daily being 1 hour less physically active was associated with a lower FEV1/FVC (z score β, −0.65; 95% confidence interval, −1.06 to −0.24).ConclusionsPhysical activity at early school age was not associated with reported asthma development later in life. However, lung function results showed that sedentary activity time was associated with lower FEV1/FVC later in childhood. As this is the first longitudinal study with objectively measured physical activity and lung function, and because the subgroup sample size was small, this result needs replication.
Optimal Photonic Crystal Cavities for Coupling Nanoemitters to Photonic Integrated Circuits
Authors: Olthaus Jan , Schrinner Philip P. J. , Reiter Doris E. , Schuck Carsten 
Published: October 2019

AbstractPhotonic integrated circuits that are manufactured with mature semiconductor technology hold great promise for realizing scalable quantum technology. Efficient interfaces between quantum emitters and nanophotonic devices are crucial building blocks for such implementations on silicon chips. These interfaces can be realized as nanobeam optical cavities with high quality factors and wavelength‐scale mode volumes, thus providing enhanced coupling between nano‐scale quantum emitters and nanophotonic circuits. Realizing such resonant structures is particularly challenging for the visible wavelength range, where many of the currently considered quantum emitters operate, and if compatibility with modern semiconductor nanofabrication processes is desired. Here, it is shown that photonic crystal nanobeam cavities for the visible spectrum can be designed and fabricated directly on‐substrate with high quality factors and small mode volumes. Designs are compared based on deterministic and mode‐matching methods and the latter is found advantageous for on‐substrate realizations. The results pave the way for integrating quantum emitters with nanophotonic circuits for applications in quantum technology.
The Search for Histamine H4 Receptor Ligands with Anticancer Activity among Novel (Thio)urea Derivatives
Authors: Domínguez‐Álvarez Enrique , Łażewska Dorota , Szabó Zsanett , Hagenow Stefanie , Reiner David , Gajdács Márió , Spengler Gabriella , Stark Holger , Handzlik Jadwiga , Kieć‐Kononowicz Katarzyna 
Published: October 2019

AbstractA series of 33 novel (thio)urea‐containing compounds were initially designed and synthesized as potential ligands for the histamine H4 receptor (H4R). However, only 3 compounds showed a statistically significant affinity towards H4R (Ki<10 μM). Considering the structural analogy of these thioureas to previously described seleno/thiourea compounds with anticancer and/or reversal multidrug resistance action in cancer cells, selected thioureas were evaluated in in vitro cytotoxicity‐ and cancer multidrug resistance assays. The thiourea derivatives showed a good cytotoxic activity, being the compound 13 d (4‐methyl‐N‐(p‐phenylphenyl)‐piperazine‐1‐carbothiamide) the most active (IC50 = 11.9 μM). They also enhanced the cytotoxicity of the topoisomerase inhibitors topotecan and doxorubicin in a checkerboard combination assay. Compound 13 d showed the strongest synergistic effect on topotecan activity, whereas 13 c (4‐methyl‐N‐(p‐tolyl)‐piperazine‐1‐carbothiamide) was the best in combination with doxorubicin. These results can be a good starting point to design more potent and effective (thio)urea derivatives with anticancer activity.
Dielectric‐Screening Reduction‐Induced Large Transport Gap in Suspended Sub‐10 nm Graphene Nanoribbon Functional Devices
Authors: Schmidt Marek E. , Muruganathan Manoharan , Kanzaki Teruhisa , Iwasaki Takuya , Hammam Ahmed M. M. , Suzuki Shunei , Ogawa Shinichi , Mizuta Hiroshi 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe predicted quasiparticle energy gap of more than 1 eV in sub‐6 nm graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) is elusive, as it is strongly suppressed by the substrate dielectric screening. The number of techniques that can produce suspended high‐quality and electrically contacted GNRs is small. The helium ion beam milling technique is capable of achieving sub‐5 nm patterning; however, the functional device fabrication and the electrical characteristics are not yet reported. Here, the electrical transport measurement of suspended ≈6 nm wide mono‐ and bilayer GNR functional devices is reported, which are obtained through sub‐nanometer resolution helium ion beam milling with controlled total helium ion budget. The transport gap opening of 0.16–0.8 eV is observed at room temperature. The measured transport gap of the different edge orientated GNRs is in good agreement with first‐principles simulation results. The enhanced electron–electron interaction and reduced dielectric screening in the suspended quasi‐1D GNRs and anti‐ferromagnetic coupling between opposite edges in the zigzag GNRs substantiate the observed large transport gap.
Carboxylation Reactions with Carbon Dioxide Using N‐Heterocyclic Carbene‐Copper Catalysts
Authors: Zhang Liang , Li Zhenghua , Takimoto Masanori , Hou Zhaomin 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe development of versatile catalyst systems and new transformations for the utilization of carbon dioxide (CO2) is of great interest and significance. This Personal Account reviews our studies on the exploration of the reactions of CO2 with various substrates by the use of N‐heterocyclic carbene (NHC)‐copper catalysts. The carboxylation of organoboron compounds gave access to a wide range of carboxylic acids with excellent functional group tolerance. The C−H bond carboxylation with CO2 emerged as a straightforward protocol for the preparation of a series of aromatic carboxylic esters and butenoates from simple substrates. The hydrosilylation of CO2 with hydrosilanes provided an efficient method for the synthesis of silyl formate on gram scale. The hydrogenative or alkylative carboxylation of alkynes, ynamides and allenamides yielded useful α,β‐unsaturated carboxylic acids and α,β‐dehydro amino acid esters. The boracarboxylation of alkynes or aldehydes afforded the novel lithium cyclic boralactone or boracarbonate products, respectively. The NHC‐copper catalysts generally featured excellent functional group compatibility, broad substrate scope, high efficiency, and high regio‐ and stereoselectivity. The unique electronic and steric properties of the NHC‐copper units also enabled the isolation and structural characterization of some key intermediates for better understanding of the catalytic reaction mechanisms.
Messung schneller Druckänderungen im Grobvakuumbereich
Authors: Stiebritz Ingo 
Published: October 2019

SummaryMeasurement of fast pressure changes in the rough vacuum rangeUsing commercially available vacuum gauges, pressure jumps executed in the millisecond range between 1000 and just below 1 mbar were measured in a specially developed system.Of the investigated vacuum gauges, the piezoresistive devices had the shortest response times. They reacted within 1 – 5 ms and achieved a valid measured value after approximately 20 ms. The capacitive manometers responded after 5 – 20 ms and reached a valid measured value after 50 – 100 ms. Lower‐priced Pirani gauges reacted with a response time of 50 – 100 ms and a valid measured value after 200 – 500 ms, which is based on the measuring principle. Besides, a pressure measurement opposed to the actual pressure tendency can be problematic with Piranis.
Schichtabscheidung mittels Ionenstrahlzerstäuben
Authors: Bundesmann Carsten 
Published: October 2019

SummaryIon Beam Sputter Deposition – Fundamentals and Application for Tailoring Thin Film PropertiesIon beam sputter deposition (IBSD) is a PVD technique, which, in comparison to other PVD techniques, is known to produce thin films with desirable properties, for instance, with improved adhesion, dense film structure, less defects, higher purity, less particle contamination, and better controlled composition. Recent systematic and comprehensive investigations of the fundamentals of the whole IBSD process revealed previously unemployed opportunities for tailoring thin film properties over a wide range. The main process parameters were identified to be the scattering geometry and the ion species, or, to be more precise, the mass of the primary ion relative to the mass of the target particle. By choosing these parameters appropriately, structural, optical or electrical properties, to name but a few, can be adjusted according to the technological requirements. The present contribution aims on illustrating these opportunities by presenting the main fundamentals and selected examples.
Mathematical and physical aspects of the solution to the Cauchy problem for a time‐nonlocal model of thermoelasticity theory
Authors: Gawinecki Jerzy August , Rafa Józef , Łazuka Jarosław 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe thermoelasticity theories describing a finite speed for the propagation of thermal perturbation have been investigated over the last 50 years. In contrast to the classical thermoelasticity theory, these nonclassical theories involve a hyperbolic type heat transport equation and they are motivated by experiments exhibiting the actual occurence of wave‐type heat transport, so‐called second sound (cf. [6–8,11,26]).The aim of this paper is to present a new system of equations describing nonlocal model of thermoelasticity theory. In order to obtain it we used the Pipkin and Gurtin [26] approach to the constitutive relations for the internal energy and the heat flux. Using the modified Cagniard‐de Hoop method we constructed the matrix of fundamental solutions to this system of equations in the three‐dimensional spaces. Basing on the constructed matrix of fundamental solutions we obtained the explicit formulae for the solution to the Cauchy problem to this system of equations in the form of some kind of convolutions. Applying the method of Sobolev spaces we proved the time decay estimate for the solution to the considered Cauchy problem to this new system of equations.We are interested in physical and mathematical aspects of this new system of equations. We discovered the new type of thermal wave appearing in the medium described by the nonlocal model of thermoelasticity theory.