bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prehospital characteristics, incidence trends, and outcome of emergency self‐inflicted injury patients with gas substances: a population‐based descriptive study in Osaka, Japan
Authors: Katayama Yusuke , Matsuyama Tasuku , Kitamura Tetsuhisa , Hirose Tomoya , Kiguchi Takeyuki , Sado Junya , Kiyohara Kosuke , Takahashi Hiroki , Adachi Shingo , Noda Tomohiro , Izawa Junichi , Ohnishi Mitsuo , Shimazu Takeshi 
Published: August 2019

AimLittle is known about the detailed characteristics of patients using gas substances for self‐inflicted injury in prehospital settings. The aim of this study was to investigate the characteristics, incidence trends, and outcomes of patients who used gas substances for self‐inflicted injury in Osaka City, Japan, using ambulance records.MethodsThis was a retrospective observational study that used data from 2009 to 2015. We extracted details from ambulance records of self‐inflicted injury patients who used gas substances. The annual incidence of self‐inflicted injury by gas substance and age group and Poisson regression models were applied for calculating the annual incidence trend by type of gas substance. The main outcome was confirmed death at the scene, and we also calculated the crude odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for each gas substance.ResultsDuring the study period, there were 324 self‐inflicted injury patients who used gas substances. The most commonly used gases were carbon monoxide (CO) (54.9%), followed by hydrogen sulfide (12.7%), helium (6.5%). The incidence of CO and hydrogen sulfide have subsequently decreased (P for trend = 0.023 and <0.001, respectively); however, the incidence of helium did not change during the study period (P for trend = 0.586). The mortality rate was highest in patients who used helium (66.7% [14/21]) and the crude odds ratio of helium was 3.857 (95% confidence interval, 1.267–11.745; P = 0.017) compared with hydrogen sulfide.ConclusionThis study revealed that the incidence of self‐inflicted injury with helium did not change and its proportion of death at the scene was high in Osaka City.
The catalytic performance study of polymerized ionic liquid synthesized in different conditions on alkylation of o‐Xylene with styrene
Authors: Liu Yonghui , Gao Huaying , Sheng Xiaoli , Zhou Yuming , Wang Beibei , Sha Xiao , Jin Maolu , Zhao Jie , Liu Wenqi 
Published: August 2019

In this work, a series of novel acidic polymerized ionic liquids were used as heterogeneous catalyst for alkylation of o‐Xylene with styrene. And the effect of the amount of initiator and the type of acid used for ion exchange on catalyst structure and the catalytic performance of catalysts for alkylation were studied thoroughly. The experiment results show: when the percentage of the amount of initiator in the total material is 3%, the polymerized ionic liquid catalyst MPM‐SO3H‐[C3V][SO3CF3] has the most uniform with a specific surface area of 97.30 m2/g and a pore volume of 0.35 cm3/g. Benefiting from the unique structure features, MPM‐SO3H‐[C3V][SO3CF3] manifested an excellent catalytic performance for alkylation of o‐Xylene with styrene, along with the conversion of styrene was 96.8% and the yield of 1‐Phenyl‐1‐ortho‐xylene ethane was 94.7%. Therefore, this work provides a novel reference to the synthesis of polymerized ionic liquids and clearly explains the advantage of novel acidic polymerized ionic liquids on alkylation.
Simultaneous Construction of C−Se And C−S Bonds via the Visible‐Light‐Mediated Multicomponent Cascade Reaction of Diselenides, Alkynes, and SO2
Authors: Chen Hui , Ding Rui , Tang Haitao , Pan Yingming , Xu Yanli , Chen Yanyan 
Published: August 2019

AbstractA visible‐light mediated multicomponent cascade reaction of diselenides, alkynes, and sulfur dioxide was developed, in which multiple C−Se and C−S bonds were constructed, and unexpected β‐sulfonylvinylselane compounds were generated with high selectivity for E configuration. β‐Sulfonylvinylselane transformation into 1,4‐oxathiine‐4,4‐dioxide and sulfonylethyne derivates was then investigated. A plausible mechanism involving a selenium radical‐initiated cascade reaction and sulfur dioxide insertion was proposed.
Tetrasubstituted cyclopentenone‐based fluorescent chemosensors for the selective detection of Fe3+ and Cu2+ ions
Authors: Balachandran Aswathy L. , Deepthi Ani , Suneesh C.V. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractFluorescent chemosensors based on 4‐hydroxy cyclopentenones were synthesized by the base catalyzed reaction of 1,5‐diphenyl‐pentane‐1,3,5‐trione with benzil and thenil. The molecule obtained by the benzil reaction was found to be useful for the selective detection of Fe3+ by fluorescence turn‐off, while the molecule synthesized by the thenil reaction was useful for selective detection of Cu2+ by fluorescent turn‐on. Details of the synthesis, complexation mode, nature of binding, reversibility, and pH studies of the two sensors are discussed. The studies revealed that the sensors were suitable for determining Fe3+ and Cu2+ content in real water samples.
Burden of hospitalization in acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients treated with Inotuzumab Ozogamicin versus standard chemotherapy treatment
Authors: Marks David I. , van Oostrum Ilse , Mueller Sabrina , Welch Verna , Vandendries Erik , Loberiza Fausto R. , Böhme Sarah , Su Yun , Stelljes Matthias , Kantarjian Hagop M. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackgroundInotuzumab Ozogamicin (INO), has demonstrated an improvement in overall survival, high rate of complete remission, favorable patient‐reported outcomes, and manageable safety profile vs standard of care (SoC; intensive chemotherapy) for relapsed/refractory (R/R) acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in the phase 3 INO‐VATE trial. With a one‐hour weekly dosing schedule, INO might be associated with lower healthcare system burden. This study analyses hospitalizations for INO vs SoC.MethodsAll patients receiving study treatment in the INO‐VATE trial were included. The days hospitalized during study treatment was calculated. Due to different treatment durations for INO and SoC (median of 3 vs 1 cycles), number of hospital days was mainly reported per observed patient month. Hospital days per patient month were analyzed for different treatment cycles, subgroups, and main reasons for hospitalization. Differences between treatments were analyzed by the incidence rate ratio (IRR).ResultsOverall, 82.9% and 94.4% INO and SoC patients experienced at least one hospitalization. The mean hospitalization days per patient month was 7.6 and 18.4 days for INO and SoC (IRR = 0.413, P < .001), which corresponds to patients spending 25.0% and 60.5% of their treatment time in a hospital. Main hospitalization reasons were R/R ALL treatment (5.2 (INO) vs 14.0 (SoC) days, IRR = 0.368, P < .001), treatment toxicities (1.4 vs 2.8 days, IRR = 0.516, P < .001) or other reasons (1.0 vs 1.6 days, IRR 0.629, P < .001).ConclusionsInotuzumab Ozogamicin treatment in R/R ALL is associated with a lower hospitalization burden compared with SoC. It is likely this lower burden has a favorable impact on healthcare budgets and cost‐effectiveness considerations.
LMP1‐positive extracellular vesicles promote radioresistance in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells through P38 MAPK signaling
Authors: Zhang Zhibao , Yu Xuehui , Zhou Zhuan , Li Bo , Peng Jinwu , Wu Xia , Luo Xiangjian , Yang Lifang 
Published: August 2019

AbstractRadioresistance has been one of the impediments to effective nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) therapy in clinical settings. Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV) encoded latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1) is expressed in NPC and has potent effects on radioresistance. It has been detected in extracellular vesicles (EVs) or exosomes and shown to promote tumor proliferation and invasive potential. However, whether LMP1‐positive EVs can confer radioresistance to cancer cells and the mechanism used to promote radioresistance need to be elucidated. In this study, the data showed that EVs derived from LMP1‐positive NPC cells could induce recipient NPC cell proliferation and invasion and suppress apoptosis, especially promoting radioresistance. In addition, LMP1 could increase the secretion of LMP1‐positive EVs. Furthermore, transmitted LMP1 subsequently performed its oncogenic functions through activating P38 MAPK signaling in recipient cells, and inhibiting P38 activity could efficaciously restore the sensitivity of NPC cells to ionizing radiation (IR). Finally, we found that LMP1‐positive EVs could promote tumor growth and P38 inhibition eliminates this promoting effect in vivo, and EV formation is associated with a poor prognosis in NPC patients. These results showed that a few cells expressing LMP1 could enhance the radioresistance of NPC cells through potentially impacting the infected host and also modulating the tumor microenvironment.
Covalently Trapped Triarylamine‐Based Supramolecular Polymers
Authors: Liang Ting , Collin Dominique , Galerne Melodie , Fuks Gad , Vargas Jentzsch Andreas , Maaloum Mounir , Carvalho Alain , Giuseppone Nicolas , Moulin Emilie 
Published: August 2019

AbstractC3‐Symmetric triarylamine trisamides (TATAs), decorated with three norbornene end groups, undergo supramolecular polymerization and further gelation by π–π stacking and hydrogen bonding of their TATA cores. By using subsequent ring‐opening metathesis polymerization, these physical gels are permanently crosslinked into chemical gels. Detailed comparisons of the supramolecular stacks in solution, in the physical gel, and in the chemical gel states, are performed by optical spectroscopies, electronic spectroscopies, atomic force microscopy, electronic paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy, X‐ray scattering, electronic transport measurements, and rheology. The results presented here clearly evidence that the core structure of the functional supramolecular polymers can be precisely retained during the covalent capture whereas the mechanical properties of the gels are concomitantly improved, with an increase of their storage modulus by two orders of magnitude.
A Nickel Complex Containing a Pyramidalized, Ambiphilic Pincer Germylene Ligand
Authors: Watanabe Takahito , Kasai Yumi , Tobita Hiromi 
Published: August 2019

AbstractReaction of N‐heterocyclic carbene (NHC)‐stabilized PGeP‐type germylene Ge{o‐(PiPr2)C6H4}2⋅MeIiPr (1) (MeIiPr=1,3‐diisopropyl‐4,5‐dimethylimidazol‐2‐ylidene) with Ni(cod)2 gave pincer germylene complex Ni[Ge{o‐(PiPr2)C6H4}2](MeIiPr) (2), in which the Ge center of 2 is significantly pyramidalized. Theoretical calculation on 2 predicted the ambiphilicity of the germanium center, which was confirmed by reactivity studies. Thus, complex 2 reacted with both Lewis base MeIMe (MeIMe=1,3,4,5‐tetramethylimidazol‐2‐ylidene) and Lewis acid BH3⋅SMe2 at the germanium center to afford the adducts Ni[Ge{o‐(PiPr2)C6H4}2⋅MeIMe](MeIiPr) (3) and Ni[Ge{o‐(PiPr2)C6H4}2⋅BH3](MeIiPr) (4), respectively. Furthermore, the former was slowly converted to dinuclear complex Ni2[Ge{o‐(PiPr2)C6H4}2]2(MeIMe)2 (5) at room temperature. Complex 5 can be regarded as a dimer of the MeIMe analog of 2 with a Ni‐Ge‐Ge‐Ni linkage.
Three cases of photoallergic contact dermatitis induced by the ultraviolet absorber benzophenone that occurred after dermatitis due to ketoprofen‐Investigation of cosensitization with other ultraviolet absorbers and patient background
Authors: Tanahashi Tomoko , Sasaki Kazumi , Numata Mitsuru , Matsunaga Kayoko 
Published: August 2019

AbstractObjectivesThree teenage patients developed dermatitis at the site of contact of a free‐pass wristband from an amusement park. Each had experienced dermatitis due to ketoprofen. A chemical analysis of the components of the wristband and patch testing determined that the cause of the dermatitis was benzophenone, and this reaction was considered to be due to the cross‐reaction of ketoprofen and benzophenone. Because those who are photosensitized to ketoprofen are often known to coreact with several ultraviolet absorbers, we investigated the presence of cosensitization to various ultraviolet absorbers in the three patients. We also wanted to explore the background of how photosensitization to ketoprofen can occur in such young individuals.MethodsThe three patients underwent patch testing and photopatch testing with various ultraviolet absorbers. We also conducted a questionnaire survey of patients using ketoprofen‐containing topical medications.ResultsPositive photoallergic reactions were observed only with benzophenone‐3, benzophenone‐4, and octocrylene. The frequency of positive reactions was higher than in previous studies of cases after ketoprofen sensitization. About half of patients using topical medications containing ketoprofen did not know that ketoprofen could cause photocontact dermatitis. Most patients did not know about the duration of avoidance of ultraviolet exposure.ConclusionsIt is possible that photocontact allergy to substituted benzophenones and octocrylene was strongly established by being sensitized twice to ketoprofen and benzophenone. Sensitization to ketoprofen sometimes occurs at a young age, probably because of insufficient communication of the risk of photosensitization.
Use of Impella heart pump for management of women with peripartum cardiogenic shock
Authors: Elkayam Uri , Schäfer Andreas , Chieffo Alaide , Lansky Alexandra , Hall Shelley , Arany Zoltan , Grines Cindy 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackgroundPercutaneous mechanical circulatory support (MCS), such as the Impella heart pump is a valuable option for cardiogenic shock (CS), although the use of Impella in CS due to peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) is limited.ObjectiveTo assess outcomes in women with PPCM supported with an Impella device from the global catheter‐based ventricular assist device (cVAD) Registry.Methods and ResultsA total of 15 women with PPCM supported with Impella devices between November 2008 and October 2015 were included. Of the 15 women, five were treated at Hannover medical school and have been reported previously, the rest were managed at various US hospitals. The mean age was 30.0 ± 7.34 years, eight women were Caucasian, and seven were African‐American. The occurrence of PPCM was post‐delivery in eight (53.3%), at delivery in one (6.7%), and during gestation in four women (26.7%). At admission, all women had severe heart failure with a mean ejection fraction of 14.7 ± 6% and 13 women (86.7%) presented with CS. Prior to Impella, 100% were mechanically ventilated, 79% received inotropes/vasopressors, 20% supported with IABP, and 27% received veno‐arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA ECMO) during Impella support. Two women (13.3%) died, and 13 (87.7%) survived to discharge. Eight women (53.3%) had a recovery of native heart function and six (40%) were bridged to durable left ventricular assist device (LVAD).ConclusionMCS with Impella devices can be successfully used as a bridge to early improvement, heart recovery, or successful implantation of durable LVAD in women with PPCM complicated by severe LV dysfunction.
Packaging design elements and consumers' decision to buy from the Web: A cause and effect decision‐making model
Authors: Al‐Samarraie Hosam , Eldenfria Atef , Dodoo Joana Eva , Alzahrani Ahmed Ibrahim , Alalwan Nasser 
Published: August 2019

AbstractRecent advances in e‐commerce have resulted in significant progress being made toward strategies, requirements, and the development of various mechanisms aimed at influencing consumers' decisions to purchase online. The relationship between different packaging design elements and their effect on consumers' online buying decisions has been less researched, due in part to the lack of statistical power to detect cause and effect relationships between these elements. This study examines the feasibility of multiple‐criteria decision‐making in order to identify and analyze the causal relationships between the different packaging design elements that are required to stimulate consumers' decision to buy products online. Consumers' direct, indirect, and interdependent behaviors in relation to PDEs and purchase decisions were studied for this paper. A total of 142 students (89 males and 53 females, aged 22‐37 years) participated in this study. The results identified several associations between design elements. The four most important PDEs found to influence consumers' decision to buy via the internet were graphics, colours, label information, and country of origin. This study provides the necessary insights into the design of product packaging by targeting aspects related to the appearance of the products' characteristics. Correlations between the various PDEs obtained from this study can be used to increase consumers' interactions with products in e‐commerce environments.
Two‐Dimensional Electrocatalysts for Efficient Reduction of Carbon Dioxide
Authors: Zhang Ying , Li Linbo , Guo Si‐Xuan , Zhang Xiaolong , Li Fengwang , Bond Alan M. , Zhang Jie 
Published: August 2019

AbstractTwo‐dimensional (2D) materials are attractive catalysts for the electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide reaction (eCO2RR) by virtue of their tunable atomic structures, abundant active sites, enhanced conductivity, suitable binding affinity to carbon dioxide and/or reaction intermediates, and intrinsic scalability. Herein, recent advances in 2D catalysts for the eCO2RR are reviewed. Structural features and properties of 2D materials that contribute to their advanced electrocatalytic properties are summarized, and strategies for enhancing their activity and selectivity for the eCO2RR are reviewed. Prospects and challenges of applications of 2D catalysts for the eCO2RR on an industrial scale are highlighted.
Enhancing the Antioxidant Activity of Technical Lignins by Combining Solvent Fractionation and Ionic‐Liquid Treatment
Authors: Majira Amel , Godon Blandine , Foulon Laurence , van der Putten Jacinta C. , Cézard Laurent , Thierry Marina , Pion Florian , Bado‐Nilles Anne , Pandard Pascal , Jayabalan Thangavelu , Aguié‐Béghin Véronique , Ducrot Paul‐Henri , Lapierre Catherine , Marlair Guy , Gosselink Richard J. A. , Baumberger Stephanie , Cottyn Betty 
Published: August 2019

AbstractA grass soda technical lignin (PB1000) underwent a process combining solvent fractionation and treatment with an ionic liquid (IL), and a comprehensive investigation of the structural modifications was performed by using high‐performance size‐exclusion chromatography, 31P NMR spectroscopy, thioacidolysis, and GC–MS. Three fractions with distinct reactivity were recovered from successive ethyl acetate (EA), butanone, and methanol extractions. In parallel, a fraction deprived of EA extractives was obtained. The samples were treated with methyl imidazolium bromide ([HMIM]Br) by using either conventional heating or microwave irradiation. The treatment allowed us to solubilize 28 % of the EA‐insoluble fraction and yielded additional free phenols in all the fractions, as a consequence of depolymerization and demethylation. The gain of the combined process in terms of antioxidant properties was demonstrated through 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH.) radical‐scavenging tests. Integrating further IL safety‐related data and environmental considerations, this study paves the way for the sustainable production of phenolic oligomers competing with commercial antioxidants.
Missing data estimation and IoT‐based flyby monitoring of a water distribution system: Conceptual and experimental validation
Authors: Sankaranarayanan S. , Swaminathan G. , Radhakrishnan T.K. , Sivakumaran N. 
Published: August 2019

SummaryAchieving uninterrupted water supply to the consumer node is considered to be the significant aspect for urban water distribution system (WDS). Under circumstances such as sensor failures or large sampling interval, the intermittent vital data are ignored, which lead to the missing data problem. In this work, an enhanced version of Kalman filter (KF) is proposed termed to be customized KF (CKF). The proposed CKF is equipped to handle the state‐ and input‐dependent noises, which are amplified based on the input and states in WDS. These noises corrupt the measured response from the WDS added to the conventional sensor and model uncertainties. In this case, a real‐world‐existing WDS is considered to test the credibility of the proposed algorithm. This reduces the complexity of the computation and the sampling rate of the measured head level, and the flows are considered to be random. The study indicates that the proposed CKF performs better in estimating the missing data voids with the noise‐corrupted measurements. To have the continuous monitoring accessible in remote sections, the vital parameters are monitored through Internet of Things (IoT) in android platform. The estimated data from the MATLAB and the sensor data of the consumer demands are monitored through user‐defined android application. This technique provides the advantage of monitoring the WDS in flyby condition and also even in the presence of any sensor failures, which also helps to localize the fault location.
ECaD: Energy‐efficient routing in flying ad hoc networks
Authors: Oubbati Omar Sami , Mozaffari Mohammad , Chaib Noureddine , Lorenz Pascal , Atiquzzaman Mohammed , Jamalipour Abbas 
Published: August 2019

SummaryMuch progress can be expected in the domain of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) communication by the next decade. The cooperation between multiple UAVs in the air exchanging data among themselves can naturally form a flying ad hoc network (FANET). Such networks can be the key support to accomplish several kinds of missions while providing the required assistance to terrestrial networks. However, they are confronted with many challenges and difficulties, which are due to the high mobility of UAVs, the frequent packet losses, and the weak links between UAVs, all affecting the reliability of the data delivery. Furthermore, the unbalanced energy consumption may result in earlier UAV failure and consequently accelerate the decrease of the network lifetime, thus disrupting the overall network. This paper supports the use of the movement information and the residual energy level of each UAV to guarantee a high level of communication stability while predicting a sudden link breakage prior to its occurrence. A robust route discovery process is used to explore routing paths where the balanced energy consumption, the link breakage prediction, and the connectivity degree of the discovered paths are all considered. The performance of the scheme is evaluated through a series of simulations. The outcomes demonstrate the benefits of the proposed scheme in terms of increasing the lifetime of the network, minimizing the number of path failures, and decreasing the packet losses.
Numerical artifacts associated with Rayleigh and modal damping models of inelastic structures with massless coordinates
Authors: Luco J. Enrique , Lanzi Armando 
Published: August 2019

SummaryThe paper presents a detailed reexamination of the effects of three damping models on the inelastic seismic response of structures with massless degrees of freedom. The models considered correspond to (a) Rayleigh damping based on current properties (tangent stiffness), (b) Rayleigh damping based on initial properties, and (c) modal damping. The results suggest that some nonzero damping forces/moments at massless DOFs obtained in multistory frames for the case of Rayleigh damping with tangent stiffness may be numerical artifacts rather than a deficiency of the damping model. The results also indicate that significant artificial numerical oscillations in the velocities of the secondary components of MDOF structures are introduced when modal damping or mass‐proportional damping is used.