bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of tube feeding in stroke patients
Authors: Park Jung Wook , Park Ki Deok , Kim Tae Hee , Lee Jin Young , Lim Oh Kyung , Lee Ju Kang , Choi Cheol 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Backgrounds:
Patients with central nervous system injuries present with dysphagia and may require non-oral feeding methods, like percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy, nasogastric (NG) tube, or oroesophageal (OE) tube. The prevalence of pneumonia in patients with gastroesophageal reflux (GER) is significantly higher than that in patients without GER. We aimed to determine the most appropriate tube feeding with low risk of GER by comparing the results of 24-hour pH monitoring studies in patients who were administered 2 types of feeding: NG tube and OE tube.

Methods:
In this pilot study, 6 stroke patients underwent 24-hour esophageal pH monitoring during NG tube feeding and OE tube feeding, sequentially. Parameters collected included acid exposure time, mean esophageal pH, number of reflux episode, time of bolus reflux for both total 24-hour pH study data and postprandial data, and deMeester composite score.

Results:
Total acid reflux time (minutes) decreased more with OE tube feeding than that with NG tube feeding in the total 24-hour pH study. The number of reflux episodes decreased in both total and postprandial data with OE tube feeding versus NG tube feeding (P < .05). There were no significant differences in mean esophageal pH and total time of bolus reflux between the 2 groups.

Conclusions:
Although we could not definitively conclude that OE tube feeding decreased the severity of GER compared with NG tube feeding, there were significant differences in 4 out of 9 parameters. OE tube can be a substitute for NG tube in patients with dysphagia after stroke leading to GER disease.
An unusual case report of multiple pulmonary leiomyomatous hamartoma
Authors: Cheng Dan , Zhang Fangcheng , Hu Ke 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Rationale:
Multiple pulmonary leiomyomatous hamartoma (MPLH) is an extremely rare benign disease that mostly occurs in women of reproductive age.

Patient concerns:
A 32-year-old female patient recently diagnosed with multiple bilateral pulmonary nodules. She has the symptoms of dry cough, chest tightness, dyspnea on exertion. Chest X-ray identified multiple bilateral pulmonary nodules in the lung, and the diameter of the largest nodule was about 3.1 cm.

Diagnoses:
Pathology confirmed the diagnosis of MPLH based on morphology and immunohistochemical staining.

Interventions:
The patient presented with multiple well-defined nodular shadows in chest computed tomography (CT), atypical image and symptoms were detected. Positron emission tomography/CT scan showed mild fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose uptake in the lesions and no abnormal foci in any other parts of her body. She subsequently underwent a video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery with wedge resection of the biggest one of the nodules. Then the patient given symptomatic treatment, without hormone, no further treatment was prescribed.

Outcomes:
The patient is in the good general condition and without obvious pulmonary symptoms after the follow-up of 1 year, chest CT scan showed no significant changes in the sizes and locations of her bilateral pulmonary nodules.

Lessons:
Due to its rare presentation, the primary MPLH may be undiagnosed. Awareness of main morphologic and immunohistochemical features of MPLH is critical for the recognition of this uncommon disease.
A novel homozygous deletion in ATP6V0A4 causes distal renal tubular acidosis
Authors: Yuan Jinna , Huang Ke , Wu Wei , Zhang Li , Dong Guanping 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Rationale:
Autosomal recessive distal renal tubular acidosis (dRTA) is a rare condition, most cases of which are caused by genetic mutations. Several loss-of-function mutations in the ATP6V0A4 gene have been recently reported.

Patient concerns:
A 2-month, 24-day-old Chinese girl presenting with vomiting and diarrhea.

Diagnosis:
dRTA was established by metabolic acidosis and hypokalemia. Mutational analysis of the ATP6V0A4 gene revealed a homozygous deletion of exons 13 and 14. The father was found to have a heterozygous loss of both exons, whereas the mother was normal.

Interventions:
Patient was treated with potassium citrate.

Outcomes:
The patient has shown normal pH and potassium levels.

Lessons:
This is the first case of a homozygous deletion in ATP6V0A4 reported in the literature. Although the initial auditory screening was normal in this case, this patient will nevertheless undergo long-term auditory testing.
Biomarkers for detecting prostate cancer
Authors: Jia Junhai , Sun Yue , Ren Jingjie , Li Muyang , Wang Jiancheng , Li Haiyang 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Background:
Prostate cancer (PCa) is common, with it being the 2nd most prevalent cancer in men worldwide and the 6th leading cause of death in men. Screening for any type of cancer aims to increase the chances of successful treatment through early detection of the disease. There were some systematic reviews (SRs) evaluated the diagnostic value of biomarkers for the diagnosis of PCa and no studies have been conducted to analyze the quality of these SRs. We are not clear which kind of marker is the best choice. Thus, this study aims to assess the methodologic quality of the SRs and reanalyze the published data based on SRs for the biomarkers to find the optimal biomarker for the early diagnosis of PCa.

Methods:
We performed a systematic literature search of PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library and to identify relevant SRs from inception to April 2019. Diagnostic accuracy studies included any type of single biomarker or combined biomarkers aimed at evaluating the diagnostic value is considered eligible for this overview. The Assessment of Multiple Systematic Reviews-2 (AMSTAR-2) instrument will be used to evaluate the risk of bias of the included SRs. Standard pairwise meta-analysis and adjusted indirect comparison will be used to compare the diagnostic value of different biomarkers.

Results:
The results of this study will be submitted to a peer-reviewed journal for publication.

Conclusion:
This study will reanalyze the published data based on SRs. We hope that the results will help find a biomarker with the superior diagnostic performance for the diagnosis of PCa.

PROSPERO registration number:
CRD42019125880.
Lower limb vein thrombosis-induced pulmonary embolism and paradoxical multiple arterial embolisms
Authors: Huang Guang , Tang Yu , Wang Hailiang , Xiong Rong , Xu Ainan 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Introduction:
Paradoxical embolism (PDE) refers to direct passage of venous thrombi into the arterial circulation through an arteriovenous shunt. It is well-known that the pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) can cause opening of the foramen ovale leading to paradoxical arterial embolism. Long term follow up of PDE patient over 10 years was not reported in the literature.

Patient concerns:
A 57-year-old woman presented with initial symptoms of numbness/weakness and hypoxemia. Ultrasonography and pulmonary arteriography indicated pulmonary thromboembolism.

Diagnosis:
Pulmonary embolism and paradoxical multiple arterial embolism or acute PTE concomitant with paradoxical multiple arterial embolism.

Interventions:
Craniectomy and anticoagulation treatment was administered and the patient received low-dose warfarin therapy for 10 years.

Outcomes:
The patient is currently stable with no abnormalities seen in the deep veins of the bilateral lower limbs. The international normalized ratio (INR) was controlled within the range of 1.20 to 1.51. As this is a 10-year follow-up case report, the patient has responded well to the treatment and has been followed-up. The follow-up has been annual and the patient has been stable

Conclusion:
Low intensity and persistent anticoagulation therapy can inhibit blood thrombophilia and reduce the risk of bleeding. It is noteworthy that such an approach used effectively in this patient. To best our knowledge, it is first report for long term follow up PDE patient successfully over 10 years.
A comparison of intravascular and surface cooling devices for targeted temperature management after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest
Authors: Jun Gwang Soo , Kim Jae Guk , Choi Hyun Young , Kang Gu Hyun , Kim Wonhee , Jang Yong Soo , Kim Hyun Tae 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
This study aimed to compare prognostic difference between intravascular cooling devices (ICDs) and surface cooling devices (SCDs) in targeted temperature management (TTM) recipients.
Adult TTM recipients using ICD or SCD during 2012 to 2016 were included in this nationwide observational study. The outcome was survival to hospital discharge and good neurological outcome at hospital discharge.
Among 142,905 out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients, 1159 patients (SCD, n = 998; ICD, n = 161) were investigated. After propensity score matching for all patients, 161 matched pairs of patients were available for analysis (SCD, n = 161; ICD, n = 161). We observed no significant differences in the survival to hospital discharge (SCD, n = 144 [89.4%] vs ICD, n = 150 [93.2%], P = .32) and the good neurological outcomes (SCD, n = 86 [53.4%] vs ICD, n = 91 [56.5%], P = .65). TTM recipients were categorized by age groups (elderly [age >65 years] vs nonelderly [age ≤65 years]) to compare prognostic difference between ICD and SCD according to the age groups. In the nonelderly group, the use of ICD or SCD was not a significant factor for survival to hospital discharge or good neurologic outcome. Whereas, the use of ICD was significantly associated with good neurological outcome (odds ratio, 3.97; 95% confidence interval, 1.19 – 13.23, P = .02) compared with SCD in the elderly group.
There were no significant differences in the survival to hospital discharge and the good neurological outcomes between SCD and ICD recipients. However, the use of ICD might be more beneficial than SCD in elderly patients.
Acupuncture for hearing loss after traumatic brain injury
Authors: Wang Wei-feng , Yang Lin-hong , Yu Hai-jiang , Zhang Shu-hong , Xiao Jian-qi 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Background:
This study aims to systematically assess the effectiveness and safety of acupuncture on hearing loss (HL) after traumatic brain injury (TBI).

Methods:
In this study, the following databases will be retrieved from inception up to the May 1, 2019: PUBMED, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Allied and Complementary Medicine Database, and Chinese Biomedical Literature Database. All databases will be retrieved without any language restrictions. Two reviewers will independently carry out article selection, data collection, and risk of bias evaluation. Any disagreements will be solved by a third reviewer through discussion.

Results:
This study will systematically investigate the effectiveness and safety of acupuncture for treating HL after TBI through evaluating HL assessment, hearing threshold, quality of life, and adverse events.

Conclusion:
The expected findings of this study will provide latest evidence for assessing the effectiveness and safety of acupuncture for HL after TBI.

Ethics and dissemination:
This study is supposed to be published in a peer-reviewed journal. No ethical approval is needed because this study will based on the literature analysis, but not the individual patient.

PROSPERO registration number:
PROSPERO CRD42019133417.
Clinical outcomes after colchicine overdose
Authors: Fu Mingjie , Zhao Jie , Li Zhitao , Zhao He , Lu Anwei 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Rationale:
Colchicine can inhibit cell division and intracellular transport in affected organs by fixing intracellular tubulin and preventing its polymerization into microtubules. A lethal dose of colchicine is considered to be 0.8 mg/kg. The wide distribution of colchicine through 70% of the body following an overdose makes it difficult to eliminate.

Patient concerns:
A 56-year-old man with a clear history of colchicine overdose was admitted to our hospital nearly 40 hours after taking 12 mg (0.17 mg/kg) of colchicine. He had a history of gout and chronic kidney disease. As the disease progressed, he showed most of the clinical manifestations and pathological features of colchicine overdose.

Diagnoses and interventions:
Colchicine overdose was clear, with symptoms of multiple organ failure including primary gastrointestinal failure, bone marrow hematopoietic inhibition, rhabdomyolysis, cardiac damage, hepatocyte damage. The patient developed secondary septic shock, renal failure, circulatory failure, and respiratory failure. We performed continuous renal replacement therapy and gastric lavage, and administered norepinephrine, frozen plasma, proton-pump inhibitors, adenosylmethionine, antibiotics, granulocyte colony stimulating factor, and total parenteral nutrition.

Outcomes:
The patient rapidly developed complete hematopoietic function inhibition, gastrointestinal failure, and cardiac damage 32 hours after admission. Sustained severe infection and circulatory instability caused a progressive deterioration of respiratory function. Tracheal intubation was performed but the patient continued to deteriorate, and death occurred approximately 132 hours after admission.

Lessons:
Excessive colchicine levels cause continuous organ damage due to extensive tissue distribution, eventually leading to multiple organ failure. Colchicine metabolism is delayed in patients with liver or kidney dysfunction, and even a low dose of colchicine may result in poisoning in these individuals. Early diagnosis and reduction of colchicine levels is critical to improve prognosis, and colchicine poisoning should be considered in patients with poor liver or kidney function even when the ingested dose is low.
Posterior mediastinal neurilemmoma accompanied by intrapulmonary sequestration in the left lower lobe
Authors: Yue Yang , Xin Hua , Xu Bao-Cen , Zhang Le-Ning , Zhao Wei 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Rationale:
The presence of a mediastinal neurilemmoma accompanied by intrapulmonary sequestration is a rare occurrence. The clinical symptoms of a neurilemmoma depend on the site of the tumor. Diagnosis of pulmonary sequestration mainly depends on the presence of aberrant feeding arteries.

Patient concerns:
A 78-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital with a mediastinal space-occupying lesion of 50 years. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging showed 2 roundish low-density shadows in the left posterior mediastinum.

Diagnosis:
The pathological findings of the upper cystic mass support the diagnosis of neurilemmoma. A branch of aorta was found supplying blood to the lower mass; it was considered a pulmonary sequestration.

Interventions:
Left-sided thoracotomy was planned to remove the chest space-occupying lesions. Two masses were completely removed. Severe adhesion between the left lower lobe and the diaphragm was successfully separated, the aberrant feeding vessel was properly managed, and the lower lobe was resected completely.

Outcomes:
The patient experienced remission of symptoms, had no significant postoperative complications, and was discharged from the hospital.

Lessons:
Special attention should be paid to neurological involvement of the neurilemmoma and the fragile feeding arteries of the intrapulmonary sequestration. Early diagnosis and treatment are important in such cases.
A case report detailing use of a new intraocular lens with advanced technology, designed specifically for patients with center-involving macular disorders
Authors: Borkenstein Andreas F. , Borkenstein Eva-Maria 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Rationale:
Many studies have shown that cataract surgery can be performed safely and improve visual acuity, without increasing the risk of progression of existing age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Data are emerging for an intraocular lens (IOL) that utilizes an advanced optical design to optimize the image supplied to all areas of the macula and not just the foveal center, which may benefit patients with center-involving macular disorders.

Patient concerns:
An 83-year-old Caucasian female presented with poor contrast sensitivity and color perception with increasing glare over the preceding year.

Diagnosis:
She had a progressive cortical cataract and stable dry AMD in the left eye, and wet AMD in the right eye. In the left eye, preoperative best-corrected distance visual acuity (BCDVA) was 0.2 (decimal) and best-corrected near visual acuity (BCNVA) was 0.05 (decimal).

Interventions:
Standard small-incision phacoemulsification was performed in the left eye, with capsular bag implantation of EyeMax Mono (LEH Pharma, London, UK), a single-piece, soft, hydrophobic, acrylic IOL designed to optimize image quality across the macula, rather than a standard monofocal lens.

Outcomes:
At 6 months postoperation, visual acuity in the left eye had markedly improved, with a BCDVA of 0.5 (decimal) and a BCNVA of 0.2 (decimal).

Conclusion:
In this first case undertaken at our center (and the first in Austria), cataract extraction and EyeMax Mono implantation were performed safely, with good subjective and objective outcome measures consistent with the effects of image optimization across the macula. Further studies of this IOL in patients with center-involving macular disorders, such as AMD, are warranted.
Decreased expression of SLC16A12 mRNA predicts poor prognosis of patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Mei Jie , Hu Kehan , Peng Xiafeng , Wang Huiyu , Liu Chaoying 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Solute carrier family 16, member 12 (SLC16A12) is a highly -expressed protein in the kidney and has been reported to participate in the transport of creatine. However, the clinical values of SLC16A12 in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) have not been explored.
SLC16A12 RNA-seq data and clinical information were downloaded from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. We compared its expression in ccRCC and paracancerous tissues, then the result was further validated with our cohort. The impact on the clinical significance of SLC16A12 in ccRCC was also assessed.
Compared with paracancerous tissue, SLC16A12 was significantly downregulated in the tumor tissues both in mRNA and protein level. In TCGA cohort, SLC16A12 mRNA expression was associated with several clinicopathological parameters, including T stages (P < .001), M stages (P = .009), TNM stages (P < .001), and differentiated grades (P = .001). Kaplan–Meier analysis showed that the overall survival of patients with low expression of SLC16A12 mRNA was significantly worse than that of patients with high expression (P < .001). Furthermore, both univariate (HR = 0.371, 95%CI: 0.269–0.513, P < .001) and multivariate (HR = 0.485, 95%CI: 0.297–0.793, P = .004) Cox regression analyses suggested that low expression of SLC16A12 mRNA was an independent prognostic factor for patients with ccRCC.
Overall, we uncovered that decreased expression of SLC16A12 is a poor prognostic factor for patients with ccRCC. SLC16A12 might be a potential biomarker and therapeutic target in ccRCC.
Comparison of efficacy and safety of S-1 and capecitabine in patients with metastatic colorectal carcinoma
Authors: Chen Jianxin , Wang Junhui , Xu Tiancai 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Background:
This study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of S-1 and capecitabine in patients with metastatic colorectal carcinoma (mCRC).

Methods:
Eligible prospective clinical trials were searched and available data were extracted. Odds ratio and hazard ratio of available outcomes including objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and adverse events (AEs) were pooled for analysis.

Results:
A total of 6 studies including 828 patients were included. The results of pooled analysis showed no statistical difference in short-term efficacy including ORR (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.68–1.19; P = .48) or DCR (95% CI: 0.65–1.29; P = .61), or long-term efficacy including PFS (95% CI: 0.75–1.08; P
= .26) or OS (95% CI: 0.78–1.13; P
= .50). Symptoms of diarrhea at any grade were more prevalent (95% CI: 1.21–2.29; P
= .002) in patients treated with S-1, while hand-foot syndrome (HFS) at any grade (95% CI: 0.24–0.48; P < .0001) or high grade (95% CI: 0.09–0.48; P < .0001) was more frequent in capecitabine group. AEs including leucopenia, neutropenia, anemia, thrombocytopenia, vomiting, oral mucositis, stomatitis, elevated alanine transaminase, or peripheral neuropathy showed no statistical difference between S-1 and capecitabine group (all P > .05).

Conclusions:
This meta-analysis reveals that S-1 has comparable efficacy, lower risk of HFS and higher incidence of diarrhea compared to capecitabine for treatment in patients with mCRC.
Validation of a Self-reported Food Frequency for Overweight and Obese Children, Using Parental 3-Day Food Records
Authors: Varagiannis Panagiotis , Magriplis Emmanuella , Risvas Grigoris , Vamvouka Katerina , Nisianaki Adamantia , Papageorgiou Anna , Pervanidou Panagiota , Chrousos Georgios , Zampelas Antonis 
Published: July 2019

Background
Many studies derive dietary information from child self-reported Food Frequency Questionnaires (FFQs). This may be subjected to misreporting, especially among overweight and obese children.

Aim
The aim of this study was to examine the validity of data acquired from child-reported dietary intake using a semiquantitative FFQ developed for assessing dietary habits of overweight and obese children in Greece, using parental 3-day food records of child intakes.

Methods
Validation analysis was based on 106 (from total 115) children (41% boys and 59% girls). Children were asked to report the frequency of their dietary intake, using the FFQ provided. Parents were asked to keep a 3-day food record for their children’s intake. Correlations and significance between methods were assessed via Spearman correlation coefficient and Wilcoxon nonparametric pairwise comparisons, respectively. Agreement between the FFQ and the 3-day record was performed using Bland-Altman method.

Results
Significant correlations, ranging from 0.32 to 1 (all P < .05), were observed between food consumption reported in the FFQ and recorded in the 3-day dietary record. High correlation was found for fruits (ρ = 0.988), vegetables (ρ = 0.985), dairy (ρ = 0.702), meat (ρ = 0.958), fish (ρ = 0.841), starchy foods (ρ = 0.793), sweets (ρ = 1), and beverages (ρ = 0.978). Medium correlation was observed only between the consumption of legumes (ρ = 0.329). No significant differences were found between reported FFQ and 3-day dietary record for most food groups and beverages examined. Mean intake agreement was ranged from 90.6% to 98.1% (Bland-Altman).

Conclusions
The FFQ used appears to be a valid tool for investigating dietary intake of food among overweight and obese children.