bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Total Synthesis of Cryptorigidifoliol K: Confirmation of Structure and Absolute Configuration
Authors: Sudhakar Reddy G. , Arjunreddy Mallampudi N. , Lakshmi Jerripothula K. , Mohapatra Debendra K. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractTotal synthesis of the revised cryptorigidifoliol K and 2′‐epi‐cryptorigidifoliol K was accomplished. Salient features of the synthesis involve tandem isomerization followed by C−O and C−C bond forming reaction, iodolactonization and Nozaki‐Hiyama‐Kishi reaction. The synthesis allowed for confirmation of the structure as well as the elucidation of the unassigned stereocenter present in the side chain of the revised structure by correlating the spectral and analytical data of the synthetic cryptorigidifoliol K and 2′‐epi‐cryptorigidifoliol K with the natural product data, which was found to be 1S,5R,7S,2′R,3′E.
Novel thin‐film composite nanofiltration membranes fabricated via the incorporation of ssDNA for highly efficient desalination
Authors: Huang B.‐Q. , Ding H. , Xu Z.‐L. , Tang Y.‐J. 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACTIn this work, the biomacromolecule, single‐stranded deoxyribonucleic acid (ssDNA) was innovatively incorporated into the polyamide layer to tailor the permeate flux and antifouling performance of the nanofiltration (NF) membranes. With active amines groups, the ssDNA was as the aqueous phase monomers along with piperazine (PIP), and reacted with trimesoyl chloride on polyethersulfone substrate to fabricate thin‐film composite (TFC) NF membranes. The NF membrane prepared under optimal ratio of ssDNA/PIP had a pure water permeability of 75.8 L m−2 h−1 (improved 58% compared to PIP NF membrane) and Na2SO4 rejection of 98.0% at 6.0 bar. The rejections for different inorganic salts were the order: Na2SO4 (98.0%) > MgSO4 (89.2%) > MgCl2 (72.8%) > NaCl (23.0%). Furthermore, the TFC NF membranes showed good antifouling performance in long‐term running with 300 ppm bovine serum albumin and humic acid solution. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 47102.
Laser protection with optical limiting by combination of polymers with dyes
Authors: Hege C. S. , Muller O. , Merlat L. 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACTLasers are becoming more and more common and can damage eyes and sensors, so arise the need for efficient protection. A possibility is the use of filters with optical limiting abilities. Optical limiting leads to a reduced transmittance of these filters above a certain light energy. Solid‐state optical limiting filters consist frequently of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA). Using dyes is an often used way to provide optical limiting qualities to polymers. PMMA does not offer the possibility to attach the dye covalently to the polymer chain. Poly(lactide), also a transparent polymer, has so far not been used for filters for optical limiting. Its polymerization mechanism offers a simple possibility to a covalent binding of the dyes, by using them as initiator. This should be, like the attaching of big side groups to dyes, a possibility to increase stability of dyes against aggregation. Hybrids out of polymers and dyes and filters thereof could be produced. The polymers were analyzed by nuclear magnetic resonance, gel permeation chromatography, and nonlinear optical measurements. Including azophloxine leads to an attenuation of the laser beam in the range of 10−3 and Eosin B even to 10−5. The eosin sample shows a two magnitudes better attenuation then usual guest–host systems like poly(methyl acrylate) with carbon nanotubes. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47150.
Role of MicroRNAs in the Development of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Authors: Zhang Cheng , Wang Ping , Li Yongqiang , Huang Changxin , Ni Wei , Chen Yidan , Shi Junping , Chen Gongying , Hu Xiangrong , Ye Meng , Duan Shiwei , Wang Kaifeng 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACTHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a prevalent liver malignancy that can be developed from nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Numerous pathophysiological alterations, including insulin resistance, specific cytokine release, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial damage, are involved in the transition of NAFLD to cirrhosis and HCC. MicroRNAs, as post‐transcriptional modulators, play a critical role in the pathogenesis of NAFLD‐related HCC by regulating lipid metabolism, glucose homeostasis, cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and differentiation. This review summarizes the current progress of microRNAs in the risk and prognosis of NAFLD‐related HCC. Anat Rec, 302:193–200, 2019. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Cyclophilin A ControlsSalmonellaInternalization Levels and is Present atE. coliActin‐Rich Pedestals
Authors: Dhanda Aaron S. , Warren Kiera E. , Chiu Robert H. , Guttman Julian A. 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACTSalmonella entericaserovar Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium), enteropathogenicEscherichia coli(EPEC) and enterohemorrhagicE. coli(EHEC) commandeer the actin cytoskeleton of their host cells as a crucial step in their infectious processes. These pathogens depend on the injection of their own effectors directly into target host cells in order to usurp cellular signaling pathways that lead to morphological actin rearrangements in those cells. Here we show that the PPIase Cyclophilin A (CypA) is a novel component ofS. Typhimurium‐induced membrane ruffles and functions to restrict bacterial invasion levels, as in cells depleted of CypA, bacterial loads increase. We also demonstrate that CypA requires the EPEC effector Tir as well as pedestal formation for its recruitment to bacterial attachment sites and that its presence at pedestals also holds during EHEC infections. Finally, we demonstrate that CypA is found at lamellipodia; actin‐rich structures at the leading edge of motile cells. Our findings further establish CypA as a component of dynamic actin‐rich structures formed during bacterial infections and within cells in general. Anat Rec, 301:2086–2094, 2018. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Nuclear Actin: From Discovery to Function
Authors: Kelpsch Daniel J. , Tootle Tina L. 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACTWhile actin was discovered in the nucleus over 50 years ago, research lagged for decades due to strong skepticism. The revitalization of research into nuclear actin occurred after it was found that cellular stresses induce the nuclear localization and alter the structure of actin. These studies provided the first hints that actin has a nuclear function. Subsequently, it was established that the nuclear import and export of actin is highly regulated. While the structures of nuclear actin remain unclear, it can function as monomers, polymers, and even rods. Furthermore, even within a given structure, distinct pools of nuclear actin that can be differentially labeled have been identified. Numerous mechanistic studies have uncovered an array of functions for nuclear actin. It regulates the activity of RNA polymerases, as well as specific transcription factors. Actin also modulates the activity of several chromatin remodeling complexes and histone deacetylases, to ultimately impinge on transcriptional programing and DNA damage repair. Further, nuclear actin mediates chromatin movement and organization. It has roles in meiosis and mitosis, and these functions may be functionally conserved from ancient bacterial actin homologs. The structure and integrity of the nuclear envelope and sub‐nuclear compartments are also regulated by nuclear actin. Furthermore, nuclear actin contributes to human diseases like cancer, neurodegeneration, and myopathies. Here, we explore the early discovery of actin in the nucleus and discuss the forms and functions of nuclear actin in both normal and disease contexts. Anat Rec, 301:1999–2013, 2018. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Internalization of Intact Intercellular Junctions in the Testis by Clathrin/Actin‐Mediated Endocytic Structures: Tubulobulbar Complexes
Authors: Adams Arlo , Sriram Aarati , Wayne Vogl A. 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACTSertoli cells of the mammalian seminiferous epithelium form unique subcellular actin‐related structures at intercellular junctions. The appearance of these so called “tubulobulbar complexes” (TBCs) precedes both sperm release at the apex of the epithelium and the movement of early spermatogenic cells out of the spermatogonial stem cell niche at the base of the epithelium. TBCs are considered to be part of the mechanism of junction endocytosis by Sertoli cells. The structures contain junction proteins and morphologically identifiable junctions, and are associated with markers of endocytosis. Here we review the current state of knowledge about the structure and function of TBCs. As the complexes form, they morphologically resemble and have the molecular signature of clathrin‐coated pits with extremely long necks. As they mature, the actin filament networks around the “necks” of the structures progressively disassemble and the membrane cores expand or swell into distinct “bulbs”. These bulbs acquire extensive membrane contact sites with associated cisternae of endoplasmic reticulum. Eventually the bulbs undergo scission and continue through endosomal compartments of the Sertoli cells. The morphology and composition of TBC indicates to us that the structures likely evolved from the basic clathrin‐mediated endocytosis mechanism common to cells generally, and along the way they incorporated unique features to accommodate the cyclic turnover of massive and “intact” intercellular junctions that occurs during spermatogenesis. Anat Rec, 301:2080–2085, 2018. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Überführungsbauwerk der L3378 bei Fulda‐Lehnerz
Authors: Pelke Eberhard , Jaborek André , Berger Dieter , Brühwiler Eugen 
Published: October 2018

AbstractMeist können in die Jahre gekommene Brücken des deutschen Straßennetzes aufgrund fehlender Ressourcen der am Bau Beteiligten und komplexer Planungsrechtverfahren nicht rechtzeitig ersetzt werden. Daraus entstehen für neue Werkstoffe und alternative Lösungsansätze Chancen, ihre Leistungsfähigkeit unter Beweis zu stellen. Der in den letzten Jahren eingesetzte neuartige Werkstoff UHFB ermöglicht eine zielgerechte Instandsetzung und Verstärkung von Bauwerken aus Stahlbeton. Eine Anhebung der Nutzungsdauer wird so möglich. Mit dem Überführungsbauwerk im Zuge der Bundesfernstraße B 27 bei Fulda gelang der Nachweis, UHFB für Abdichtung und Tragfunktion unter Baustellenbedingungen erfolgreich einzusetzen. Über die Erfahrung bei Projektentwicklung, Entwurf, Ausschreibung und Baudurchführung berichtet dieser Fachaufsatz.
Torsionstragverhalten eines Segmentturms mit alternativer Fugenausbildung
Authors: Hartwig Steffen , Bock Hendrik , Göhlmann Joachim , Marx Steffen 
Published: October 2018

AbstractEine Weiterentwicklung der zurzeit gängigsten Herstellungsart von Segmenttürmen für Windenergieanlagen stellt die veränderte Ausbildung der entstehenden Fugen dar. Die seit vielen Jahren für die Horizontalfugen verwendete Trockenfuge, welche ohne eine Ausgleichsschicht durch Epoxid‐ oder Zementmörtel auskommt, soll auch für die senkrechten Fugen verwendet werden. Die Ebenheit in den Fugen wird über eine hochpräzise CNC‐Fräse hergestellt und dadurch die Dichtigkeit der Konstruktion sowie die flächige Kraftübertragung sichergestellt. Die in diesem Artikel durchgeführten numerischen Untersuchungen zeigen die durch die neuartige Konstruktion entstehenden Veränderungen in der Lastabtragung und der Tragfähigkeit. Für diese Konstruktionsart existieren derzeit keine allgemeingültigen Bemessungsansätze, welche die Veränderung des Querschnitts vom geschlossenen Kreisringsegment zu zwei „offenen“ Halbkreisringsegmenten berücksichtigen.
Überführungsbauwerk der L 3378 bei Fulda‐Lehnerz
Authors: Orgass Marko , Klitsch Bernhard , Wißler Michael , Tauscher Franka , Dehn Frank 
Published: October 2018

AbstractFür ein Überführungsbauwerk im Zuge der Bundesstraße B27 bei Fulda‐Lehnerz wurde erstmalig in Deutschland ultrahochfester Beton (UHPC) im Straßenbrückenbau als Ortbeton eingesetzt. Ultrahochfester Beton wird derzeit in Deutschland nicht durch bauaufsichtlich eingeführte technische Spezifikationen geregelt. Daher war für die Anwendung des UHPC eine Zustimmung im Einzelfall (ZiE) erforderlich. Der Überbau der Brücke wurde als vierstegiger Plattenbalken aus Spannbetonfertigteilen mit einer Ortbetonergänzung aus normalfestem Beton und darauffolgender UHPC‐Schicht ausgebildet. Unter anderem wegen der hohen Dichtigkeit des UHPC gegenüber Flüssigkeiten wurde auf das kosten‐ und zeitintensive Einbringen einer konventionellen Abdichtung – bestehend aus Epoxidharz und Abklebung mit zusätzlicher Gussasphaltschutzschicht – verzichtet. Die Umsetzung erfolgte mittels einer 7 cm dünnen UHPC‐Schicht, die sowohl eine verstärkende als auch eine abdichtende Funktion übernehmen soll. Neben einer mittleren Druckfestigkeit > 150 N/mm2 ließ sich mit dem für das Pilotprojekt entwickelten UHPC auch ein Gefälle von 3,5 % realisieren. Insgesamt wurden 57 m3 UHPC in einem Transportbetonwerk hergestellt und als Ortbeton auf der Baustelle eingebaut. Mit der Umsetzung dieses Pilotprojekts konnte die Praxistauglichkeit der Verstärkungs‐ und Abdichtungsvariante mittels UHPC erstmals im Straßenbrückenbau in Deutschland erfolgreich erprobt werden. In diesem Fachaufsatz wird vor allem über die Betontechnologie und die Qualitätssicherung berichtet.
Exploration of an interactive “Virtual and Actual Combined” teaching mode in medical developmental biology
Authors: Xu Xiaoqian , Allen William , Miao Ziwei , Yao Jiang , Sha Lei , Chen Yuhua 
Published: October 2018

AbstractBiochemistry and molecular techniques are used for the development of the scientific practice of students. To improve both the teaching and learning quality and promote the students' motivation, this article outlines an interactive “Virtual Simulation and Actual Operation Combined” approach by using a tailored virtual practice‐learning platform and participated by students and lectures, as well as a curriculum secretary. The implementation of the Virtual Simulation Laboratory provides a series of learning resources, which the students can access in their own time; and the participation of the curriculum secretary also makes the class more interactive and efficient. This method incorporates an experimental platform and a virtual experiment class to utilize fully both the traditional and virtual teaching methods and thereby promote effective student learning. © 2018 International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 46(6):585–591, 2018.
First‐in‐human experience with Aortix intraaortic pump
Authors: Vora Amit N. , Schuyler Jones William , DeVore Adam D. , Ebner Adrian , Clifton William , Patel Manesh R. 
Published: October 2018

BackgroundThere are limited options for percutaneous mechanical circulatory support (pMCS) in patients requiring high‐risk percutaneous coronary intervention.ObjectivesThis first‐in‐human, single‐center study aimed to evaluate the safety and feasibility of a novel pMCS device in high‐risk percutaneous coronary intervention patients.MethodsAortix (Procyrion, Houston, Texas) is a pMCS device deployed in the descending aorta via the femoral artery that uses axial flow to provide cardiac unloading and augment renal and systemic perfusion. We assessed the use and effect of the Aortix device in six patients undergoing high‐risk PCI. All patients had impaired left ventricular function, complex coronary disease, renal dysfunction, and suitable iliofemoral anatomy for Aortix placement via transfemoral approach. We recorded periprocedural events including hemodynamic effects of the device on cardiac output and urine output. We then followed patients up to 30 days following the PCI procedure for adverse events.ResultsAortix delivery (18 Fr sheath) took 4–9 min, mean support time was 70 (range 47–95) min, and mean flow rate through the device was 3.5 L/min. During support, mean rate of urine output increased 10‐fold (range 2.5–25.0x). Estimated GFR improved at discharge compared with baseline (mean increase 6.95 ± 8.09 mL/min). There were no device failures and PCI was successful in all patients. Aortix was removed and hemostasis was achieved with a vascular closure device and manual pressure. No patients experienced adverse events or hemodynamic compromise. No clinically significant hemolysis occurred (mean LDH 239.2 ± 73.6 mU/mL at baseline and 206.4 ± 82.2 mU/mL at discharge). No vascular access complications were observed.ConclusionsAortix, a novel pMCS device, was successfully deployed and retrieved in all initial patients undergoing high‐risk PCI. We noted no significant hemolysis with temporary use of this axial flow device. Improvement in eGFR suggests a potential renal protective effect and is an important area for future investigation in patients with impaired left ventricular function and renal dysfunction.
Usable implantation depth for watchman left atrial appendage occlusion is greater with appendage angiography than transesophageal echocardiography
Authors: Glassy Matthew S. , Sharma Gaurav , Singh Gagan D. , Smith Thomas W. R. , Fan Dali , Rogers Jason H. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractObjectivesTo compare left atrial appendage (LAA) angiography to transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) for assessing usable LAA depth.BackgroundTEE is typically employed for procedural measurement of LAA ostial diameter and depth. Since angiography enhances distal LAA anatomy, we sought to compare angiography to TEE for determining usable LAA depth.MethodsSeventy five Watchman device cases were retrospectively evaluated. Two independent cardiologists measured intraoperative LAA ostial diameter and depth at standard 0°, 45°, 90°, and 135° TEE omniplane views and in the right anterior oblique (RAO) 30°, caudal (CAUD) 30° angiographic view.ResultsThe average age and CHA2DS2VASc score were 74 (±7.2) years and 4.6 (±1.3), respectively. The average ostial diameter and depth (mm) by TEE were 0°: 19.6 and 26.5; 45°: 17.5 and 26.6; 90°: 18.3 and 25.1; 135°: 19.5 and 23.3. The ostial diameter and depth (mm) by RAO 30° CAUD 30° angiography were 21.1 and 29.7. This angiographic view corresponds to a TEE view between 90° and 135°. In comparison to angiography, TEE 90° underestimated the LAA ostial diameter by 2.9 ± 3.7 mm (P < 0.001) and by 1.9 ± 4.0 mm at TEE 135° (P < 0.01); Pearson's r 0.53 angiography/TEE 90° and 0.50 angiography/TEE 135°. More importantly, TEE 90° underestimated the true usable LAA depth by 5.4 ± 5.8 mm (P < 0.001) and by 7.3 ± 6.1 mm at TEE 135° (P < 0.001); Pearson's r 0.39 angiography/TEE 90° and 0.30 angiography/TEE 135°.ConclusionsCompared to TEE, LAA angiography provides additional depth information and may be particularly valuable when patients have insufficient depth for Watchman by TEE measures.
Replacement of the Benzylpiperidine Moiety with Fluorinated Phenylalkyl Side Chains for the Development of GluN2B Receptor Ligands
Authors: Thum Simone , Schepmann Dirk , Kalinin Dmitrii V. , Ametamey Simon M. , Wünsch Bernhard 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe 4‐benzylpiperidine moiety is a central structural element of potent N‐methyl‐d‐aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonists containing the GluN2B subunit. To obtain novel GluN2B ligands suitable for positron emission tomography, the benzylpiperidine moiety was replaced with fluorinated ω‐phenylalkylamino groups. For this purpose three primary propyl‐ and butylamines 7 a–c and one butyraldehyde 7 d bearing a fluorine atom and an ω‐phenyl moiety were prepared in 3‐ to 7‐step syntheses. Compounds 7 a–d were attached to various scaffolds of potent GluN2B antagonists (scaffold hopping) instead of the original 4‐benzylpiperidine moiety. Although benzoxazol‐2‐ones and indoles with a benzylpiperidine moiety show high GluN2B affinity, the corresponding fluorophenylalkylamine derivatives did not result in high Glu2B affinity. Moderate GluN2B affinity was observed for a 3‐(fluoroalkyl)‐substituted tetrahydro‐1H‐3‐benzazepine (Ki=239 nm). However, high GluN2B affinity was obtained for the tetrahydro‐5H‐benzo[7]annulen‐7‐amines 12 a–c (Ki=17–30 nm). Docking studies resulted in the same binding pose for 12 a as for the lead compound Ro 25‐6981. It can be concluded that some GluN2B ligands (benzoxazolones, indoles) do not tolerate replacement of the 4‐benzylpiperidine moiety with flexible fluorinated phenylalkyl side chains, but other scaffolds such as tetrahydro‐3‐benzazepines and ‐benzo[7]annulenes retain interaction with NMDA receptors containing the GluN2B subunit.
The Athletes’ Relationships with Training scale (ART): A self‐report measure of unhealthy training behaviors associated with eating disorders
Authors: Chapa Danielle A. N. , Hagan Kelsey E. , Forbush Kelsie T. , Perko Victoria L. , Sorokina Daria A. , Alasmar Ahmed Y. , Becker Carolyn B. , Sherman Roberta T. , Thompson Ron A. , Farrell Jennifer G. , Stewart Tiffany M. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractObjectiveSeveral studies indicate that eating‐disorder (ED) psychopathology is elevated in athletes compared to non‐athletes. The assessment of excessive exercise among athletes is a challenge because, compared to non‐athletes, athletes are required to train at higher intensities and for longer periods of time. However, individuals participating in competitive sports are still susceptible to unhealthy physical‐activity patterns. Most ED assessments were developed and normed in non‐athlete samples and, therefore, do not capture the nuances of athletes’ training experiences. The purpose of the current study was to develop and validate a clinically useful, self‐report measure of unhealthy training behaviors and beliefs in athletes, the Athletes’ Relationships with Training Scale (ART).MethodThe initial item pool was administered to N = 267 women collegiate athletes who were participating in an ED prevention program study and N = 65 women athletes who were in ED treatment.ResultsFactor analyses indicated the ART had a four‐factor structure. Factorial and construct validity of the ART were demonstrated. ART scores significantly predicted health care utilization and differed between athletes with an ED versus athletes without an ED. For athletes in ED treatment, ART scores significantly decreased from treatment admission to discharge.DiscussionThe ART showed evidence of strong psychometric properties and clinical utility. The ART could be helpful for clinicians and athletic trainers to help gauge whether athletes are engaging in unhealthy training practices that may warrant clinical attention and for tracking clinical outcomes in athletes with EDs who are receiving treatment.
Eating disorder symptomatology and body mass index are associated with readers' expectations about character behavior: Evidence from eye‐tracking during reading
Authors: Ralph‐Nearman Christina , Filik Ruth 
Published: October 2018

AbstractObjectiveMany theories have been put forward suggesting key factors underlying the development and maintenance of eating disorders, such as: unhealthy food‐related cognitive biases, negative body attitude, and perfectionism; however, underlying cognitive processes associated with eating disorder symptomatology remain unclear. We used eye‐tracking during reading as a novel implicit measure of how these factors may relate to eating disorder symptomatology.MethodIn two experiments, we monitored women's eye movements while they read texts in which the characters' emotional responses to food‐, body image‐, and perfectionism‐related scenarios were described. Participants' eating disorder symptomatology was then assessed.ResultsBoth studies suggest that moment‐to‐moment processing of characters' emotional responses to perfectionism‐, and to a lesser extent, body image‐related information was associated with participants' eating disorder symptomatology, thus supporting theories in which these factors are key to developing and maintaining eating disorders. Interestingly, the moment‐to‐moment processing of characters' emotional responses to food‐related scenarios was not related to eating disorder symptomatology.DiscussionThese findings provide novel insights into cognitive processes underlying eating disorder symptomatology, as well as demonstrating the utility of more natural implicit measures.