bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Lifecycle of Nonlinear Internal Waves in the Northwestern South China Sea
Authors: Liang Jianjun , Li Xiao-Ming , Sha Jin , Jia Tong , Ren Yongzheng 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe life cycle of nonlinear internal waves (NIWs) to the southeast of Hainan Island in the northwestern South China Sea is investigated using synergistic satellite observations, in situ measurements, and numerical simulations. A three-dimensional, fully nonlinear and nonhydrostatic model with ultrafine resolution shows that a diurnal internal tide emanates from a sill in the Xisha Islands at approximately 215 km away from the local shelf break. The internal tide transits the deep basin toward the shelf break and reflects at the sea bottom and seasonal thermocline in the form of a wave beam. Arriving at the shelf break, the internal tide undergoes nonlinear transformation and produces an undular bore. Analyses of in situ measurements reveal that the undular bore appears as sharp depressions of the strong near-surface seasonal thermocline. The undular bore gradually evolves into an internal solitary wave train on the midshelf, which was detected by the spaceborne synthetic aperture radar. This finding has great implications for investigating NIWs in other coastal oceans where waves are controlled by remotely generated internal tides.
PD‐L1 and PD‐L2 expression correlated genes in non‐small‐cell lung cancer
Authors: Larsen Trine Vilsbøll , Hussmann Dianna , Nielsen Anders Lade 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackgroundProgrammed cell death ligand‐1 (PD‐L1) and ligand‐2 (PD‐L2) interaction with programmed cell death protein‐1 (PD‐1) represent an immune‐inhibiting checkpoint mediating immune evasion and is, accordingly, an important target for blockade‐based immunotherapy in cancer. In non‐small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC), improved understanding of PD‐1 checkpoint blockade‐responsive biology and identification of biomarkers for prediction of a clinical response to immunotherapy is warranted. Thus, in the present study, we systematically described PD‐L1 and PD‐L2 expression correlated genes in NSCLC.MethodsWe performed comparative retrospective analyses to identify PD‐L1 and PD‐L2 mRNA expression correlated genes in NSCLC. For this, we examined available datasets from the cancer cell line encyclopedia (CCLE) project lung non‐small‐cell (Lung_NSC) and the cancer genome atlas (TCGA) projects lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC).ResultsAnalysis of the CCLE dataset Lung_NSC identified expression correlation between PD‐L1 and PD‐L2. Moreover, we identified expression correlation between 489 genes and PD‐L1, 191 genes and PD‐L2, and 111 genes for both. PD‐L1 and PD‐L2 also expression correlated in TCGA datasets LUAD and LUSC. In LUAD, we identified expression correlation between 257 genes and PD‐L1, 914 genes and PD‐L2, and 211 genes for both. In LUSC, we identified expression correlation between 26 genes and PD‐L1, 326 genes and PD‐L2, and 13 genes for both. Only a few genes expression correlated with PD‐L1 and PD‐L2 across the CCLE and TCGA datasets. Expression of Interferon signaling‐involved genes converged in particular with the expression correlated genes for PD‐L1 in Lung_NSC, for PD‐L2 in LUSC, and for both PD‐L1 and PD‐L2 in LUAD. In LUSC, PD‐L1, and to a lesser extent PD‐L2, expression correlated with chromosome 9p24 localized genes, indicating a chromosome 9p24 topologically associated domain as an important driver of in particular LUSC PD‐L1 expression. Expression correlation analyses of the PD‐L1 and PD‐L2 receptors programmed cell death protein‐1 (PD‐1), Cluster of differentiation 80 (CD80), and Repulsive guidance molecule B (RGMB) showed that PD‐1 and CD80 expression correlated with both PD‐L1 and PD‐L2 in LUAD. CD80 expression correlated with PD‐L2 in LUSC.ConclusionsWe present gene signatures associated with PD‐L1 and PD‐L2 mRNA expression in NSCLC which could possess importance in relation to understand PD‐1 checkpoint blockade‐responsive biology and development of gene signature based biomarkers for predicting clinical responses to immunotherapy.
Neoadjuvant Trastuzumab Emtansine and Pertuzumab in Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2–Positive Breast Cancer: Three-Year Outcomes From the Phase III KRISTINE Study
Authors: Hurvitz Sara A. , Martin Miguel , Jung Kyung Hae , Huang Chiun-Sheng , Harbeck Nadia , Valero Vicente , Stroyakovskiy Daniil , Wildiers Hans , Campone Mario , Boileau Jean-François , Fasching Peter A. , Afenjar Karen , Spera Gonzalo , Lopez-Valverde Vanesa , Song Chunyan , Trask Peter , Boulet Thomas , Sparano Joseph A. , Symmans W. Fraser , Thompson Alastair M. , Slamon Dennis 
Published: June 2019

PURPOSE The KRISTINE study compared neoadjuvant trastuzumab emtansine plus pertuzumab (T-DM1+P) with docetaxel, carboplatin, trastuzumab plus P (TCH+P) for the treatment human epidermal growth factor receptor 2–positive stage II to III breast cancer. T-DM1+P led to a lower pathologic complete response rate (44.4% v 55.7%; P = .016), but fewer grade 3 or greater and serious adverse events (AEs). Here, we present 3-year outcomes from KRISTINE. METHODS Patients were randomly assigned to neoadjuvant T-DM1+P or TCH+P every 3 weeks for six cycles. Patients who received T-DM1+P continued adjuvant T-DM1+P, and patients who received TCH+P received adjuvant trastuzumab plus pertuzumab. Secondary end points included event-free survival (EFS), overall survival, patient-reported outcomes (measured from random assignment), and invasive disease-free survival (IDFS; measured from surgery). RESULTS Of patients, 444 were randomly assigned (T-DM1+P, n = 223; TCH+P, n = 221). Median follow-up was 37 months. Risk of an EFS event was higher with TDM-1+P (hazard ratio [HR], 2.61 [95% CI, 1.36 to 4.98]) with more locoregional progression events before surgery (15 [6.7%] v 0). Risk of an IDFS event after surgery was similar between arms (HR, 1.11 [95% CI, 0.52 to 2.40]). Pathologic complete response was associated with a reduced risk of an IDFS event (HR, 0.24 [95% CI, 0.09 to 0.60]) regardless of treatment arm. Overall, grade 3 or greater AEs (31.8% v 67.7%) were less common with T-DM1+P. During adjuvant treatment, grade 3 or greater AEs (24.5% v 9.9%) and AEs leading to treatment discontinuation (18.4% v 3.8%) were more common with T-DM1+P. Patient-reported outcomes favored T-DM1+P during neoadjuvant treatment and were similar to trastuzumab plus pertuzumab during adjuvant treatment. CONCLUSION Compared with TCH+P, T-DM1+P resulted in a higher risk of an EFS event owing to locoregional progression events before surgery, a similar risk of an IDFS event, fewer grade 3 or greater AEs during neoadjuvant treatment, and more AEs leading to treatment discontinuation during adjuvant treatment.
Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder and Other Non–Multiple Sclerosis Central Nervous System Inflammatory Diseases
Authors: Flanagan Eoin P. 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE OF REVIEW
This article reviews the clinical features, diagnostic approach, treatment, and prognosis of central nervous system inflammatory diseases that mimic multiple sclerosis (MS), including those defined by recently discovered autoantibody biomarkers.

RECENT FINDINGS
The discovery of autoantibody biomarkers of inflammatory demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system (aquaporin-4 IgG and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein IgG) and the recognition that, despite some overlap, their clinical phenotypes are distinct from MS have revolutionized this field of neurology. These autoantibody biomarkers assist in diagnosis and have improved our understanding of the underlying disease pathogenesis. This has allowed targeted treatments to be translated into clinical trials, three of which are now under way in aquaporin-4 IgG–seropositive neuromyelitis optica (NMO) spectrum disorder.

SUMMARY
Knowledge of the clinical attributes, MRI findings, CSF parameters, and accompanying autoantibody biomarkers can help neurologists distinguish MS from its inflammatory mimics. These antibody biomarkers provide critical diagnostic and prognostic information and guide treatment decisions. Better recognition of the clinical, radiologic, and laboratory features of other inflammatory MS mimics that lack autoantibody biomarkers has allowed us to diagnose these disorders faster and initiate disease-specific treatments more expeditiously.
Photoluminescence Properties of Eu(III) Complexes with Thienyl-Substituted Diphosphine Dioxide Ligands
Authors: Iwanaga Hiroki 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Two Eu(III) complexes with thienyl-substituted diphosphine dioxide ligands were prepared and their photoluminescence properties were investigated. Quantum yields of Eu(III)(fod)3(DTDOPO) (1) (fod = tris(6,6,7,7,8,8,8-heptafluoro-2,2-dimethyl-3,5-octanedionato) and DTDOPO = dithienyl[3-(dioctylphosphinyl)propyl]phosphine oxide) and Eu(III)(fod)3(DTDBPO) (2) (DTDBPO = dithienyl[5-(dibutylphosphinyl)pentyl]phosphine oxide) in the solid state were remarkably high (ΦTOT (solid) = 0.60 and 0.68, respectively) compared with that of Eu(III)(fod)3(DPDO) (3) (DPDO = diphenyl[3-(dioctylphosphinyl)propyl]phosphine oxide) (ΦTOT (solid) = 0.47). Given that Eu(III)(fod)3(DTDOPO) (1) and Eu(III)(fod)3(DPDO) (3) have the same molecular structure except for their aromatic substituents, substitution of thienyl groups for phenyl groups is effective for increasing the quantum yield of Eu(III) complexes in the solid state. Another noteworthy result regarding the photoluminescence properties of complexes 1 and 2 with thienyl groups is that quantum yields have strong positive linear correlations with concentration in ethyl acetate, and those in the solid state are located on the extended line. This means that no concentration quenching is observed.
The role of the labrum in early treatment of unstable developmental dysplasia of the hip
Authors: De Pellegrin Maurizio , Montanari Lucrezia , Moharamzadeh Desiree , Eberhardt Oliver 
Published: June 2019

The objective of the paper is to analyse the role of the labrum with particular attention to its morphological changes in unstable dysplastic hips during treatment. Between January 2013 and December 2015, data were collected on 86 unstable, dysplastic hips, which were divided into type D (n = 13), type III (n = 49) and type IV (n = 24). The labrum was evaluated with ultrasound examination (US) for echogenicity and dimensions with inter-/intra-observer tests comparing the US images at diagnosis and at the end of treatment. Statistical analysis was performed. At the end of treatment of unstable, dysplastic hips, the labrum was more echogenic with a frequency of 97% and was larger with a frequency of 96%. The labrum has an active stabilizing role in unstable dysplastic hips and it undergoes a statistically significant increase of echogenicity and dimensions after treatment.Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2019;4 DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.4.180053
Orthopaedic registries: the Australian experience
Authors: de Steiger Richard N. , Graves Stephen E. 
Published: June 2019

The Australian Orthopaedic Association National Joint Replacement Registry first began data collection on 1 September 1999 and full nationwide implementation commenced in January 2003. The purpose of the Registry is to improve the quality of care for individuals receiving joint replacement surgery. The Registry enables surgeons, academic institutions, governments and industry to request specific data that are not available in published annual reports. There is an established system for identifying prostheses with a higher than anticipated rate of revision (HTARR) which was introduced in 2004. The higher rate of revision for the ASR Hip Resurfacing System was first identified by this process in 2007. There has been a reduction in revision hip and knee replacement over the years that the Registry has been in operation, and the addition of Patient Reported Outcome Measures (PROMs) and data linkage will enable more extensive analysis of joint replacement surgery in the future. Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2019;4 DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.4.180071
The what, when and how of orthopaedic registers: an introduction into register-based research
Authors: Varnum Claus , Pedersen Alma Bečić , Gundtoft Per Hviid , Overgaard Søren 
Published: June 2019

Establishment of orthopaedic registers started in 1975 and many registers have been initiated since. The main purpose of registers is to collect information on patients, implants and procedures in order to monitor and improve the outcome of the specific procedure. Data validity reflects the quality of the registered data and consists of four major aspects: coverage of the register, registration completeness of procedures/patients, registration completeness of variables included in the register and accuracy of registered variables. Survival analysis is often used in register studies to estimate the incidence of an outcome. The most commonly used survival analysis is the Kaplan–Meier survival curves, which present the proportion of patients who have not experienced the defined event (e.g. death or revision of a prosthesis) in relation to the time. Depending on the research question, competing events can be taken into account by using the cumulative incidence function. Cox regression analysis is used to compare survival data for different groups taking differences between groups into account. When interpreting the results from observational register-based studies a number of factors including selection bias, information bias, chance and confounding have to be taken into account. In observational register-based studies selection bias is related to, for example, absence of complete follow-up of the patients, whereas information bias is related to, for example, misclassification of exposure (e.g. risk factor of interest) or/and outcome. The REporting of studies Conducted using Observational Routinely-collected Data guidelines should be used for studies based on routinely-collected health data including orthopaedic registers. Linkage between orthopaedic registers, other clinical quality databases and administrative health registers may be of value when performing orthopaedic register-based research.Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2019;4 DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.4.180097
Use of the BESTest and the Mini-BESTest for Fall Risk Prediction in Community-Dwelling Older Adults Between 60 and 102 Years of Age
Authors: Magnani Paola Errera , Genovez Maiara Baena , Porto Jaqueline Mello , Zanellato Nathalia Fernanda Grecco , Alvarenga Isabella Camargo , Freire Renato Campos , de Abreu Daniela Cristina Carvalho 
Published: June 2019

Background and Purpose:
Reference values for the Balance Evaluation Systems Test (BESTest) and the Mini-Balance Evaluation Systems Test (Mini-BESTest) need to be established to predict falls in older adults during every stage of aging. The purpose of this study was to determine the cutoff scores for the BESTest and the Mini-BESTest for community-dwelling older adults in order to predict fall risk.

Methods:
A total of 264 older adults, of both sexes, between the ages of 60 and 102 years, were divided into 4 groups according to age range. After evaluation, participants received telephone follow-up for 6 months to record the number of fall episodes. To define the reference values of the tests in relation to fall risk prediction, a receiver operating characteristic curve was drawn to identify the area under the curve and the sensitivity and specificity of the tests. Statistical analyses were done using SPSS (Version 16.0—SPSS Inc) with a significance level of 5% (P ≤ .05).

Results:
The cutoff scores to identify older adults with fall risk according to the BESTest and the Mini-BESTest in the different age groups were 99 and 25 points, respectively, for people 60 to 69 years of age, 92 and 23 points for the age group of 70 to 79 years, 85 and 22 points for people 80 to 89 years of age, and 74 and 17 points for people 90 years of age or older.

Conclusion:
The BESTest and the Mini-BESTest are good tools for predicting fall risk in the 6 months following an initial evaluation in community-dwelling Brazilian older adults. The study also determined that cutoff values vary for different age groups.
La construcción de responsabilidad penal juvenil en instituciones comunitarias en Buenos Aires
Authors: Fernández Mariana Cecilia 
Published: June 2019

Este artículo indaga sobre la construcción de la categoría de responsabilidad penal juvenil por parte de operadores comunitarios de un conjunto heterogéneo de instituciones, que trabajaban con un centro de referencia de la provincia de Buenos Aires durante el año 2015. En ese centro se implementan medidas alternativas a la privación de la libertad, dirigidas a jóvenes de 16 y 17 años comprometidos penalmente en delitos. La investigación utiliza técnicas cualitativas (entrevista en profundidad y análisis del discurso) que permiten desentrañar las matrices culturales que enmarcan las estrategias de intervención socio-comunitarias y su influencia en la configuración identitaria de los/las jóvenes. Algunos resultados del estudio permiten afirmar que, en el marco de la intervención alternativa a la privación de libertad, la categoría socio-jurídica de responsabilidad penal juvenil se construye en forma reintegrativa y estigmatizante, de manera intermitente, a partir de discursos de diferentes niveles de moralidad, que operan sobre la base de estrategias de “responsabilidad subjetiva”.

Abstract
This article explores the construction of the category of youth criminal responsibility by community operators from a heterogeneous set of institutions, which worked with a Referral Centre of Buenos Aires province since 2015. In that center, alternative measures to deprivation of liberty are implemented towards young people of 16 and 17 years old who committed crimes. In-depth interviews and discourse analysis allow to unravel the cultural matrices which frame the socio-community intervention strategies and their influence in the identity configuration of the young people. Some results of the study allow to affirm that within the framework of the alternative intervention to deprivation of liberty the socio-juridical category of juvenile criminal responsibility is constructed in a reintegrative and stigmatizing way, intermittently, from discourses of different levels of morality that operate on the basis of “subjective responsibility” strategies.
Picasso, Alta y Baja Cultura a Final de Siglo
Authors: Soto Calzado Inocente 
Published: June 2019

The look of the popular culture to art has always had for the creator the contrariety of the mockery and the reward of the diffusion, to make itself known in the new media of masses multiplying its public, halfway between the admiration and the ridiculous. Painters and sculptors checked it for the first time at the end of the 19th century, between official and specialized criticism and the most popular and apparently less objective of comediansand their humorous interpretations. One of these artists was the young Pablo Ruiz Picasso, with some unknown graphic criticism that give new information on the complexity of his first Spanish artistic stage and theimportance of illustrated magazines in the visual culture of his beginnings and in his professional world. The data collected in the hemerography of the time make up a narrative different from the one officially admitted
Sobre la Idea de Reconocimiento en las Relaciones. Su Reconstrucción a través del Dibujo y el Movimiento
Authors: Leal Garcia Aurora 
Published: June 2019

Our culture of social and affective relationships brings together many concepts and words whose meanings we generally believe to share. This is the case of the idea of “recognition”. We may know what it means, but not alwayswe know how we have elaborated its meaning. The objective of this work is to analyze how concepts are being built, elaborated, reworked some ideas and their meanings. For this reason, a group of ten adult participants is invited to try to express what they believe “recognition” means through two symbolic forms of expression: drawing and body movement. We also ask them to writetheir process of elaboration and construction of that idea when they draw and express it corporally. The different ideas and meanings which emerge, as theyare modified from both systems of expression, allows to approach their particular role in the processes of thinking and feeling. We study how participants discover and reformulate certain representations and re-signify tothe form of the expression used.
La Cartografía Interactiva como Mecanismo Artístico de Construcción y Rescate del Espacio Histórico. Caso Práctico: la Acequia Rascaña
Authors: Gutiérrez gonzález Maria jose 
Published: June 2019

We use current technology and contemporary reading methods to decipher and reveal cartographies that run the risk of disappearing into the landscape. Technology has facilitated the streamlining of space and time, resulting inthe reduction of its magnitudes, as well as uniformity in urban geography. Given the propensity for the data visualisation, we consider it is opportune to show and rescue data that were key in times gone by. Reconciliation withour territory can help us developing new narratives and contributing to the shaping of a cartography with contemporary concerns and interests. This article presents an investigation of the landscape associated with the watersystem used in the Valencian orchards and agricultural area. This extensive water system is of considerable historical and cultural relevance. Specifically, we will focus on the Rascaña irrigation canal, one of the eight canals that formed the layout of the city and its surroundings, through studying and analysing the route the canal takes. We have made several field recordings to collect data for the route, with geotagged photographs, together with the subsequent completion of an interactive application showing the photographic route of the canal.
The Legal Nature of International Energy Associations in the Modern World
Authors: Gulasaryan A. S. 
Published: June 2019

For the first time in the Russian science of international law the author of the paper performs a comprehensive analysis of the legal nature of international energy associations, their role in international administration in the sphere of energy.International energy associations are grouped into four categories depending on their legal nature: 1) associations in the form of public international organizations (IAEA; Eurato/ESAE; OPEC; EES CIS; CECH; EC; FEG; IRENA);2) associations functioning as a body of a public international organization (IEA OECD); 3) associations that can be considered as international non-governmental (transnational) organizations (WEC, IGU, IOC), (4) associations that can be classified as informal international associations (G7/G8; G20; IEF). It is noted that the international energy administration involves not only public international organizations, but also non-legal actors of international relations— international non-governmental(transnational) organizations and informal international associations. In order to determine the legal nature of international energy associations, the author considers constituent instruments, resolutions (decisions), headquarters agreements, agreements regarding privileges and immunities of international organizations, treaties and the contemporary doctrine of international law.Provisions, generalizations and conclusions provided for in the article, can be used for the development of strategies of interaction of the Russian Federation with the above-mentioned associations in the field of energy.