bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diagnostic ability of artificial intelligence using deep learning analysis of cyst fluid in differentiating malignant from benign pancreatic cystic lesions
Authors: Kurita Yusuke , Kuwahara Takamichi , Hara Kazuo , Mizuno Nobumasa , Okuno Nozomi , Matsumoto Shimpei , Obata Masahiro , Koda Hiroki , Tajika Masahiro , Shimizu Yasuhiro , Nakajima Atsushi , Kubota Kensuke , Niwa Yasumasa 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe diagnosis of pancreatic cystic lesions remains challenging. This study aimed to investigate the diagnostic ability of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), cytology, and artificial intelligence (AI) by deep learning using cyst fluid in differentiating malignant from benign cystic lesions. We retrospectively reviewed 85 patients who underwent pancreatic cyst fluid analysis of surgical specimens or endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration specimens. AI using deep learning was used to construct a diagnostic algorithm. CEA, carbohydrate antigen 19-9, carbohydrate antigen 125, amylase in the cyst fluid, sex, cyst location, connection of the pancreatic duct and cyst, type of cyst, and cytology were keyed into the AI algorithm, and the malignant predictive value of the output was calculated. Area under receiver-operating characteristics curves for the diagnostic ability of malignant cystic lesions were 0.719 (CEA), 0.739 (cytology), and 0.966 (AI). In the diagnostic ability of malignant cystic lesions, sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of AI were 95.7%, 91.9%, and 92.9%, respectively. AI sensitivity was higher than that of CEA (60.9%, p = 0.021) and cytology (47.8%, p = 0.001). AI accuracy was also higher than CEA (71.8%, p < 0.001) and cytology (85.9%, p = 0.210). AI may improve the diagnostic ability in differentiating malignant from benign pancreatic cystic lesions.
Deletion of exons 17 and 18 in prestin’s STAS domain results in loss of function
Authors: Takahashi Satoe , Yamashita Tetsuji , Homma Kazuaki , Zhou Yingjie , Zuo Jian , Zheng Jing , Cheatham Mary Ann 
Published: May 2019

AbstractCochlear outer hair cells (OHC) express the motor protein, prestin, which is required for sensitivity and frequency selectivity. Because our previous work showed that a calmodulin binding site (CBS) was located in prestin’s C-terminal, specifically within the intrinsically disordered region, we sought to delete the IDR to study the functional significance of calcium-dependent, calmodulin binding on OHC function. Although the construct lacking the IDR (∆IDR prestin) demonstrated wildtype-like nonlinear capacitance (NLC) in HEK293T cells, the phenotype in ∆IDR prestin knockins (KI) was similar to that in prestin knockouts: thresholds were elevated, NLC was absent and OHCs were missing from basal regions of the cochlea. Although ∆IDR prestin mRNA was measured, no prestin protein was detected. At the mRNA level, both of prestin’s exons 17 and 18 were entirely removed, rather than the smaller region encoding the IDR. Our hybrid exon that contained the targeted deletion (17–18 ∆IDR) failed to splice in vitro and prestin protein lacking exons 17 and 18 aggregated and failed to target the cell membrane. Hence, the absence of prestin protein in ∆IDR KI OHCs may be due to the unexpected splicing of the hybrid 17–18 ∆IDR exon followed by rapid degradation of nonfunctional prestin protein.
Gremlin, A Potential Urinary Biomarker of Anca-Associated Crescentic Glomerulonephritis
Authors: Droguett Alejandra , Valderrama Graciela , Burgos María E. , Carpio Daniel , Saka Constanza , Egido Jesús , Ruiz-Ortega Marta , Mezzano Sergio 
Published: May 2019

AbstractGremlin renal overexpression has been reported in diabetic nephropathy, pauci-immune crescentic glomerulonephritis and chronic allograft nephropathy and has been implicated in the pathophysiology of the progression of renal damage. However, it is unknown whether urinary Gremlin can be associated with renal functional status, renal biopsy findings and outcome. To examine these associations we studied 20 patients with ANCA+ renal vasculitis and very high urinary Gremlin (354 ± 76 ug/gCr), 86 patients with other glomerular diseases and moderately elevated urinary Gremlin (83 ± 14 ug/gCr) and 11 healthy controls (urinary Gremlin 11.3 ± 2.4 ug/gCr). Urinary Gremlin was significantly correlated with renal expression of Gremlin (r = 0.64, p = 0.013) observed in cellular glomerular crescents, tubular epithelial cells and interstitial inflammatory cells. Moreover, urinary Gremlin levels were correlated with the number of glomerular crescents (r = 0.53; p < 0.001), renal CD68 positive cells (r = 0.71; p < 0.005), tubulointerstitial fibrosis (r = 0.50; p < 0.05), and serum creatinine levels (r = 0.60; p < 0.001). Interestingly, Gremlin expression was colocalized with CD68, CD163 (monocyte/macrophage markers) and CCL18 positive cells. ROC curve analysis showed that the cutoff value of urinary Gremlin in glomerular diseases as 43 ug/gCr with 72% of sensitivity and 100% of specificity [AUC: 0.96 (CI 95% 0.92–0.99] (p < 0.001). For ANCA+ renal vasculitis the value of urinary Gremlin of 241 ug/gCr had 55% of sensitivity and 100% of specificity [AUC: 0.81 (CI 95% 0.68–0.94) (p < 0.001]. Based on these results we propose that urinary Gremlin represents a non-invasive biomarker in ANCA+ renal vasculitis, and suggest a role of Gremlin in the formation of crescents.
Tailoring the Dopant Distribution in ZnO:Mn Nanocrystals
Authors: Ghica Daniela , Vlaicu Ioana D. , Stefan Mariana , Maraloiu Valentin A. , Joita Alexandra C. , Ghica Corneliu 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe synthesis of semiconductor nanocrystals with controlled doping is highly challenging, as often a significant part of the doping ions are found segregated at nanocrystals surface, even forming secondary phases, rather than incorporated in the core. We have investigated the dopant distribution dynamics under slight changes in the preparation procedure of nanocrystalline ZnO doped with manganese in low concentration by electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy, paying attention to the formation of transient secondary phases and their transformation into doped ZnO. The acidification of the starting solution in the co-precipitation synthesis from nitrate precursors lead to the decrease of the Mn2+ ions concentration in the core of the ZnO nanocrystals and their accumulation in minority phases, until ~79% of the Mn2+ ions were localized in a thin disordered shell of zinc hydroxynitrate (ZHN). A lower synthesis temperature resulted in polycrystalline Mn-doped ZHN. Under isochronal annealing up to 250 °C the bulk ZHN and the minority phases from the ZnO samples decomposed into ZnO. The Mn2+ ions distribution in the annealed nanocrystals was significantly altered, varying from a uniform volume distribution to a preferential localization in the outer layers of the nanocrystals. Our results provide a synthesis strategy for tailoring the dopant distribution in ZnO nanocrystals for applications ranging from surface based to ones involving core properties.
Structural basis of βTrCP1-associated GLI3 processing
Authors: Shafique Shagufta , Rashid Sajid 
Published: May 2019

AbstractControlled ubiquitin-mediated protein degradation is essential for various cellular processes. GLI family regulates the transcriptional events of the sonic hedgehog pathway genes that are implicated in almost one fourth of human tumors. GLI3 phosphorylation by Ser/Thr kinases is a primary factor for their transcriptional activity that incurs the formation of both GLI3 repressor and activator forms. GLI3 processing is triggered in an ubiquitin-dependent manner via SCFβTrCP1 complex; however, structural characterization, mode of action based on sequence of phosphorylation signatures and induced conformational readjustments remain elusive. Here, through structural analysis and molecular dynamics simulation assays, we explored comparative binding pattern of GLI3 phosphopeptides against βTrCP1. A comprehensive and thorough analysis demarcated GLI3 presence in the binding cleft shared by inter-bladed binding grooves of β-propeller. Our results revealed the involvement of all seven WD40 repeats of βTrCP1 in GLI3 interaction. Conversely, GLI3 phosphorylation pattern at primary protein kinase A (PKA) sites and secondary casein kinase 1 (CK1) or glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3) sites was carefully evaluated. Our results indicated that GLI3 processing depends on the 19 phosphorylation sites (849, 852, 855, 856, 860, 861, 864, 865, 868, 872, 873, 876, 877, 880, 899, 903, 906, 907 and 910 positions) by a cascade of PKA, GSK3β and CSKI kinases. The presence of a sequential phosphorylation in the binding induction of GLI3 and βTrCP1 may be a hallmark to authenticate GLI3 processing. We speculate that mechanistic information of the individual residual contributions through structure-guided approaches may be pivotal for the rational design of specific and more potent inhibitors against activated GLI3 with a special emphasis on the anticancer activity.
The DNA Alkylguanine DNA Alkyltransferase-2 (AGT-2) Of Caenorhabditis Elegans Is Involved In Meiosis And Early Development Under Physiological Conditions
Authors: Serpe Mario , Forenza Chiara , Adamo Adele , Russo Noemi , Perugino Giuseppe , Ciaramella Maria , Valenti Anna 
Published: May 2019

AbstractDNA alkylguanine DNA alkyltransferases (AGTs) are evolutionary conserved proteins that repair alkylation damage in DNA, counteracting the effects of agents inducing such lesions. Over the last years AGTs have raised considerable interest for both the peculiarity of their molecular mechanism and their relevance in cancer biology. AGT knock out mice show increased tumour incidence in response to alkylating agents, and over-expression of the human AGT protein in cancer cells is frequently associated with resistance to alkylating chemotherapy. While all data available point to a function of AGT proteins in the cell response to alkylation lesions, we report for the first time that one of the two AGT paralogs of the model organismC.elegans, called AGT-2, also plays unexpected roles in meiosis and early development under physiological conditions. Our data suggest a role for AGT-2 in conversion of homologous recombination intermediates into post-strand exchange products in meiosis, and show thatagt-2gene down-regulation, or treatment of animals with an AGT inhibitor results in increased number of germ cells that are incompatible with producing viable offspring and are eliminated by apoptosis. These results suggest possible functions for AGTs in cell processes distinct from repair of alkylating damage.
Vers une psychanalyse du paysage
Authors: Bidaud Éric 
Published: May 2019

Ce travail propose de suivre la trace de ce qui ne fut pas une thématique freudienne : le paysage mais en « pistant » les lieux de ses diverses apparitions dans le rêve, l’inquiétante étrangeté et la représentation de la technique analytique. Il y a ensuite à penser les liens qui unissent les notions d’espace, d’environnement, de limites jusqu’à la question du visage au-devant de son paysage. Une idée défendue dans cet article est que le symptôme comme espace psychique se définit par « son » paysage, dans un rapport à ce qui permettra son ouverture et sa fermeture, sa consistance ou sa déconstruction. Il s’agirait d’approfondir la notion de « paysage-symptôme » aussi bien du côté du rêve que du dessin de l’enfant, le travail du trait et de la trace comme les formes du mouvement qui produisent le paysage du sujet. Il s’agit de penser ce que nous pouvons appeler une image inconsciente du paysage. Notre recherche rend possible une approche renouvelée de l’étude de l’appareil psychique comme « étendu ». Avec les dessins d’enfants, nous pouvons regarder vers la genèse des formes comme production d’un paysage intérieur mis au dehors.
« Meurtre du père » et domonyme basque
Authors: Lagarde Anne-Marie 
Published: May 2019

Le but de l’article est de montrer comment s’est constitué un modèle symbolique propre dans la société agropastorale basque d’Ancien-Régime et quelle en a été la conséquence au niveau de la transmission du domonyme. L’on a affaire, en effet, à une structure sociopolitique centrée sur la maison, repérable dans divers textes sous le nom de « coseigneurie des maîtres jeunes et vieux ». Il s’agit d’une autorité partagée par les procréateurs hommes et femmes qui débouche sur un effacement de lapatria potestas.Les questions qui se posent dès lors concernent l’élaboration du système de filiation et la construction des identités sexuelles qui le détermine. Et, à un stade plus générique, la correspondance de cette structure avec le modèle logique du « meurtre du père » de Freud. L’examen montre le rôle primordial de la langue basque, sa performativité propre dans le profilage du « meurtre ». L’ensemble de l’argumentation est induit par une idée-clé de Jacques Lacan, celle de la pluralité des Noms-du-Père.
Johannes Heinrich Schultz (1884-1970) et les avatars du « cycle supérieur » du training autogène
Authors: Grosbois Philippe 
Published: May 2019

La fin du XIXe siècle a été riche en découvertes psychothérapeutiques en partant des études sur l’hypnose et sur l’hystérie ; les inconvénients de l’hypnose n’échappent pas à certains thérapeutes de cette époque : passivité du patient, dépendance, aliénation dans le transfert. C’est de la tentative de dépassement de ces difficultés que vont naître deux méthodes psychothérapiques : la psychanalyse et le training autogène de Johannes Heinrich Schultz. Ce texte évoque d’un point de vue historique le développement du cycle supérieur du training autogène de Schultz - très peu pratiqué en France - dans ses relations théorico-pratiques avec la psychanalyse.
L’Auteur traite d’une question épistémologique aux conséquences nettes pour la pratique cliique : quelle position adopter face au sens dont sont porteurs les images mentales oniriques ?
Endoscopic submucosal dissection in management of colorectal tumors near or involving a diverticulum: a retrospective case series
Authors: Jimenez-Garcia Victoria , Yamada Masayoshi , Ikematsu Hiroaki , Takamaru Hiroyuki , Abe Seiichiro , Sakamoto Taku , Nakajima Takeshi , Matsuda Takahisa , Saito Yutaka 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Background and study aims Surgery is the standard treatment for colon tumors associated with diverticulum. Use of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) to treat such tumors is controversial. The aim of this study was to assess the safety and feasibility of ESD in treating superficial colorectal tumors situated near or involving diverticulum.
Patients and methods Consecutive patients from two referral centers who had colorectal tumors near or involving diverticulum treated by ESD were retrospectively studied. Clinicopathological characteristics and clinical outcomes were analyzed.
Results Of the 12 patients studied, six had tumors near diverticulum and six had tumors involving diverticulum. The overall en-bloc R0 resection rate, median tumor size and procedure time were 67 %, 26.5 mm (range, 15 – 80 mm) and 110 minutes (range, 50 – 220 minutes), respectively. For tumors near diverticulum group, the en-bloc R0 resection rate was 100 % and no adverse events (AEs) or residual/recurrent tumors were observed. In contrast, for intradiverticular tumors group, the en-bloc R0 resection rate was low at 33 %, and one AE (perforation) was observed. The diverticula were ≥ 6 mm in diameter in the patients with incomplete resection. However, all but one diverticulum was unrecognized before ESD. Two residual tumors were detected at the 12-month surveillance and one required surgery.
Conclusions This case series indicates that ESD is safe and feasible for treating colorectal tumors near a diverticulum and might be feasible for tumors involving a diverticulum smaller than 6 mm. Selection for smaller diverticulum size may contribute to higher en-bloc R0 resection rates.
Histologic assessment of the intestinal wall following duodenal mucosal resurfacing (DMR): a new procedure for the treatment of insulin-resistant metabolic disease
Authors: de Moura Eduardo , Ponte-Neto Alberto , Tsakmaki Anastasia , Aiello Vera , Bewick Gavin , Brunaldi Vitor 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Background and study aims Minimally invasive procedures that replicate aspects of bariatric surgery with more favorable safety and tolerability offer an attractive alternative in management of metabolic disease. Duodenal mucosal resurfacing (DMR), an endoscopic procedure using hydrothermal ablation, is designed to remove surface epithelium to allow subsequent epithelial regeneration and a reset to a more insulin-sensitive state.
Materials and methods DMR was performed on a healthy pig under general anethesia, approximating the procedure designed for use in humans. Immediately post-DMR, analysis of the histological landscape was conducted in distinct duodenal areas that received ablation treatment.
Results DMR submucosal lift and hydrothermal ablation elicited disruption of villous tips and partial disruption of the crypt base with no damage to deeper tissue. Excessive ablation (purposeful double ablation exposure) did incur damage to the underlying muscle layer.
Conclusion Our results confirmed that DMR elicits superficial ablation of duodenal villi and crypts. Defining the cellular consequences of ablation and regeneration of the epithelium will aid our understanding of how and why DMR affects metabolic homeostasis.
Chirurgische Optionen bei Trikuspidalklappeninsuffizienz
Authors: Akhyari Payam , Albert Alexander , Rellecke Philipp , Lichtenberg Artur 
Published: May 2019

ZusammenfassungTrikuspidalklappeninsuffizienz (TI) ist eine häufige Begleitdiagnose bei Patienten mit einem dominierend linkskardialen Vitium oder auch einer myokardialen Dysfunktion. Daneben können Patienten mit einer Reihe von anderen Grunderkrankungen, wie etwa infektiöser Endokarditis oder auch schrittmacherpflichtiger Herzrhythmusstörung, von einer isolierten TI betroffen sein. Bei schwerer Ausprägung der TI stellt eine Operation in vielen Fällen den heute praktizierten therapeutischen Standard dar, wenn auch die aktuelle Datenlage sehr lückenhaft ist und die Empfehlungen der Fachgesellschaften einen niedrigen Evidenzlevel aufweisen. Diese Arbeit beschreibt die heute verfügbaren chirurgischen Optionen zur Therapie der primären und sekundären TI mit Berücksichtigung der komplexen diagnostischen und therapeutischen Konstellation im Falle der letztgenannten Form.
Sprache in Bewegung – Schlüsselbegriffe der Palliativmedizin im Wandel der Zeit
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Authors: Peters Joachim , Heckel Maria , Habermann Mechthild , Ostgathe Christoph 
Published: May 2019

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Die moderne Palliativmedizin stellt eine junge Disziplin dar, die in den letzten Jahrzehnten ein eigenständiges fachliches Profil mit spezifischen Leitkonzepten, Zielen und Werthaltungen entwickelt hat. An Fachpublikationen lässt sich die Professionalisierung der Disziplin und die Herausbildung eines eigenen Palliativvokabulars nachvollziehen.
Methoden Auf Basis eines Textkorpus aus Artikeln der Z Palliativmed 2000 – 2018 (ca. 3,83 Mio. Wörter) wurden palliativmedizinische Schlüsselwörter für vier Zeiträume (2000 – 2004; 2005 – 2009; 2010 – 2014; 2015 – 2018) ermittelt. Darüber hinaus erfolgte ein Vergleich mit onkologischen Fachtexten.
Ergebnisse Es wurde ein Phasenmodell der Entwicklung der palliativmedizinischen Fachsprache und des Selbstverständnisses als Disziplin erstellt. Wichtige Werte der Palliativmedizin sind Linderung, Selbstbestimmung, Würde, Begleitung sowie der Einbezug von Angehörigen.
Diskussion Die Analyse von Fachtexten ermöglicht es, Mechanismen der Konstruktion und Professionalisierung der Palliativmedizin im Wandel der Zeit zu erfassen. Linguistische Methoden können die Durchführung von Metastudien und die Erstellung von Literaturübersichten unterstützen.
Iconicity in L2 Japanese speakers’ multi-modal language use
Authors: Iwasaki Noriko , Yoshioka Keiko 
Published: May 2019

Japanese mimetics are often reported to be difficult for speakers of Japanese as a second/foreign language (L2). Recent work examining L2 Japanese learners’ comprehension/perception (e.g., Naito-Billen 2013; Nakaishi et al. 2014) found that understanding mimetics is indeed challenging even for advanced learners, but less is known about L2 speakers’ spontaneous use of mimetics and gesture, which are known to co-occur (Kita 1997). We examined the use of mimetics and co-speech gesture by L2 Japanese speakers whose first language (L1) is either English or Korean, focusing on narrations of video clips. The aim of this study was to gain a deeper understanding of the role of L2 Japanese speakers’ L1 and their L2 proficiency in the use of mimetics (highly iconic phonomimes and less iconic phenomimes) and co-speech gesture. Our analyses show that differences in the availability of mimetics in a speaker’s L1 affect the use of L2 mimetics and gesture in a subtle manner. Regardless of L1, L2 Japanese speakers produced iconic co-speech gestures accompanying mimetics, especially for phonomimes. While the frequency of mimetics use does not correlate with the level of proficiency, the pattern of mimetic-gesture synchronization seems to reflect L2 proficiency. The results are discussed in terms of the two modes of representations involved in language use (Kita 1997; Dingemanse and Akita 2017).
An easy, inexpensive, and sensitive method for the quantification of chitin in insect peritrophic membrane by image processing
Authors: Nakata Ryu , Yoshinaga Naoko , Teraishi Masayoshi , Okumoto Yutaka , Mori Naoki 
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACTChitin, poly (β-(1→4)-N-acetyl-d-glucosamine), is an important biopolymer for insects that is utilized as a major component of peritrophic membrane. The chitin content in peritrophic membrane is of expedient interest from a pest control perspective, although it is hard to quantify chitin. In this study, we establish a facile method for the quantification of chitin in peritrophic membrane by image processing. In this method, chitin was indirectly quantified using chitosan–I3− complex, which exhibited a specific red-purple color. A calibration curve using a chitosan solution showed good linearity in a concentration range of 0.05–0.5 μg/μL. We quantified the amount of chitin in peritrophic membrane of Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) larvae using this method. Throughout the study, only common inexpensive regents and easily attainable apparatuses were employed. This method can be easily applied to the sensitive quantification of the amounts of chitin and chitosan in materials by wide range of researchers.Abbreviations: LOD: limit of detection; LOQ: limit of quantification; ROI: region of interest; RSD: relative standard deviation.
Speaking Accent-Free in L2 Beyond the Critical Period: The Compensatory Role of Individual Abilities and Opportunity Structures
Authors: Dollmann Jörg , Kogan Irena , Weißmann Markus 
Published: May 2019

AbstractGiven the controversies surrounding the critical period hypothesis on second-language (L2) learning outcomes, this study focuses on the phonological aspect of language acquisition—the strength of the foreign accent in L2. Drawing on data from a large-scale representative data set on immigrant adolescents in Germany—CILS4EU-DE—we first demonstrate that there is a critical period (CP) up to the age of around 10, after which obtaining oral language skills without a foreign accent becomes less likely. Second, we provide evidence that native-like language skills can be achieved after the CP if certain preconditions related to learning efficiency and language exposure are met. Our analyses indicate that higher cognitive abilities and exposure to a language environment with intensive and manifold contacts with native speakers can compensate for disadvantages caused by a late start in L2 acquisition. The results are discussed in the context of the linguistic and sociological scholarship of language acquisition and immigrant assimilation.