bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN STRESS AND TEXTS ANXIETY ON PERFORMANCE OF ECONOMICS STUDENTS IN KANO STATE, NIGERIA
Authors: DR. SALIHU ABDULLAHI GALLE  , DR. BALA, SANI ABDULLAHI  , KANA, AMINU ISYAKU  
Published: December 2024

The study investigated the relationship between stress and texts anxiety on performance of Economics students in Kano State, Nigeria. Two research questions with its corresponding hypotheses guided the study. A correlational research design was adopted. Population of all 7,333 students offering Economics from 17 public secondary school in Kano State, Nigeria, and 365 students offering Economics were as a sample size of the study. Stress Questionnaire (SQ) and Anxiety Questionnaire (AQ) was used as instruments anchored on five pints Likert scale. SQ and AQ were validated which gave 0.77, 075 validity indexes and 0.77 and 0.76 reliability indexes. The SQ and AQ ware administered and data collected was analyse using Pearson’s correlation coefficient (r) to answer the research questions while regression analysis was used to test the hypotheses at the 0.05 level of significant. Finding revealed that here is significant relationship between stress and students' academic performance in Economics and there is significant relationship between test anxiety and students' academic performance in Economics. the study recommended that, schools should enhance students' academic performance by addressing factors like teaching quality, study environments, and socio-economic challenges, offering counseling services, mentorship programs, and innovative teaching methods.
INNOVATIVE EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGIES FOR AFRICA
Authors: MOHAMMED AHMED JIBRIN  , U.V. OYINVWI  , AKWADEN JOSHUA IBRAHIM  
Published: December 2024

Africa faces considerable challenges in providing quality education to all citizens, a situation worsened by the digital divide, which limits access to modern learning tools. Many communities, especially in rural areas, lack adequate infrastructure, such as internet connectivity and electricity, preventing equitable access to educational resources. Additionally, underfunded schools, a shortage of trained teachers, and socio-economic disparities further undermine efforts to deliver effective education. However, the rise of educational technology (EdTech) offers a promising solution. Digital platforms, mobile learning tools, and low-cost educational devices can transform how education is accessed, delivered, and experienced across the continent. These technologies enable remote learning and provide opportunities for personalized education, overcoming traditional barriers like inadequate classrooms and physical materials. This paper explores how innovative EdTech solutions are helping to bridge the digital divide in Africa. Successful case studies, such as mobile learning programs and internet-enabled schools, illustrate how technology can enhance educational outcomes in underserved areas. However, widespread adoption of these solutions faces several barriers, including lack of infrastructure, high costs, and limited digital literacy. To overcome these obstacles, the paper proposes strategies such as improving digital infrastructure, fostering public-private partnerships, and integrating technology into education policies. By leveraging technology for education, African countries can promote sustainable development and achieve inclusive growth, ensuring all citizens benefit from the digital revolution in learning. This approach is crucial for preparing Africa’s youth for a globalized economy and future challenges.
INVESTMENT RISKS AND SUSTAINABILITY OF OCCUPATIONAL PENSION FUND ASSET IN NIGERIA
Authors: EPETIMEHIN FESTUS MOBOLUWAJI  , ADEYEMO DAMOLA LUKMAN  , ADEBAYO OLUWASEUN AKOREDE  , ABIIBA RAPHAEL ADESHAKIN  
Published: December 2024

Investment of occupational pension fund assets was intended to enhance retirement savings account balances of the employees. There have been growing concerns about the need to address the sustainability challenge of occupational pension fund assets in Nigeria. The study investigated the effect of investment risks on occupational pension fund assets in Nigeria. The study adopted a descriptive research design, using correlation and multiple regression analysis to analyze the data extracted from the distributed questionnaires. Taken investment risks proxy by (Purchasing power risk (PPR); market risk (MAR); interest rate risk (IRR); and business risk (BUR) as the set of independent variables, while occupational pension fund assets (PFA) are taken as the dependent variable. Population of the study comprised the risk management and compliance personnel of PFAs in Nigeria while the sample size comprised One hundred selected employees through purposive sampling technique. Ninety five (95) copies of returned questionnaire were analysed for the study. The findings of the study revealed that the set of independent variable (IRR) and (BUR) have significant effects on the dependent variable (PFA) with the coefficient (0.416 & 0.691) and associated probability (0.000 & 0.000) respectively. Also, set of independent variables (PPR) and (MAR) have effects but not significant on dependent variable (PFA) with coefficient (0.133 & 0.044) and associated probability (0.086 & 0.414) respectively. The study concludes that Investment Risks such as Purchasing power risk and Market risk significantly effects sustainability of pension fund assets in Nigeria. It also concludes that Investment Risks such as Interest rate risk and Business risk has effects but not significant on sustainability of pension fund assets in Nigeria. The study recommends that investment risks needs careful consideration when planning investment of pension fund assets in Nigeria.
HOMOTOPY PERTURBATION ANALYSIS ON RADIATIVE MHD CONVECTIVE TIME DEPENDENT <i>Fe<sub>3</sub>Cl<sub>2</sub></i> NANO FLUID ON A VERTICAL PLATE
Authors: MUSA, ALEX  , WARIBOKO, B. G.  
Published: December 2024

An analysis is performed to study the influence of radiation on time dependent nano fluid on a vertical plate. The flow is assumed to be finitely conductive two-dimensional MHD, in the vertical direction. The governing equations were transformed, using the nondimensional parameters and transformational variable to partial differential equations. A semi analytical method of Homotopy perturbation was applied in the computations. Numerical results reveal that, an increase in the Hartmann’s number lead to a decrease in the velocity profile. Also, it is observed that, there is a decrease in temperature profile of the fluid in the presence of radiation.
A REVIEW OF MACHINE LEARNING TECHNIQUES APPLICATIONS IN ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
Authors: EGWU L.S.  , ENAYABA, O.F.  , AJIBOYE, A.A.  , DAMOYE T  , OGUNDEJI, I. S.  , AGBAMS P.  
Published: December 2024

Advances in Machine Learning (ML) and Data Science (DS) hold immense potential to transform various aspects of environmental science (ES). DS, a broad field focused on extracting insights from data using techniques like statistical analysis plays a crucial role in this process. Machine learning, on the other hand, specializes in creating algorithms that enable computers to learn from data and make predictions. Together, these technologies can deepen our understanding of complex environmental systems, refine predictive models for climate change, support conservation efforts, and optimize resource management practices. Such scientific discovery will enhance ES to make autonomous, real-time decisions by deriving valuable insights from extensive data. By analysing large datasets, machine learning algorithms can reveal hidden patterns and insights, empowering scientists to make data-driven decisions and tackle environmental challenges more effectively. This article offers a review of the fundamental concepts of Machine Learning, Deep Learning, and Data Analytics for two groups: individuals familiar with ML who seek to expand their knowledge, and domain scientists passionate about integrating these transformative tools into their research in the environmental science profession.
FLOOD HAZARD ESTIMATION AND EVALUATION IN LAGOS STATE USING MACHINE LEARNING TECHNIQUES
Authors: CONFIDENCE ADIMCHI CHINONYEREM  , IYENOMA KELVIN OGHOGHO  , ABRAHAM TEMILADE OLUMIDE  , SEGUN BAMIDELE  , ADENIYI IBRAHIM KAYODE  , FAVOUR ENAYABA  
Published: December 2024

Floods threaten human life, infrastructure, and economic stability in Lagos State, Nigeria. Accurate flood hazard estimation is crucial for effective flood risk management and mitigation. This study employs machine learning techniques to estimate flood hazards in Lagos State. A dataset comprising historical flood events, meteorological factors (rainfall, temperature, humidity), topographical features (elevation, slope, land cover), and socioeconomic variables (population density, urbanization) is compiled. Feature selection and engineering techniques are applied to optimize model performance. Flooding is the most frequent and destructive natural catastrophe that may happen anywhere in the globe. The frequency and severity of flooding events have increased worldwide in recent years due to climate change and human activity. Flooding has caused widespread death and devastation of property, farms, and vegetation in several emerging Nigeria, including Lagos State, and has forced the relocation of many more. Flooding has been Lagos State’s most common natural disaster during the last decade. Modern machine learning methods have shown great promise for improving flood Estimation and Evaluation. The optimum machine learning algorithm for flood Estimation and Evaluation is debated. To reduce the harm caused by floods, finding better ways to anticipate their occurrence is crucial. This paper initially applied 4 machine learning algorithms (Support Vector Machine SVM, Classification and Regression Trees CART, K-Nearest Neighbors KNN, and 4. Generalized Linear Model Network GLMNET) on the default dataset. The results reveal fair accuracy (over 60%) and kappa values (< 0.4). The same ML algorithms were again applied to the transformed dataset using the Boxcox transformation technique; the accuracy and kappa values improved but not significantly. Finally, Models for predicting floods were implemented using 3 different ensemble algorithms: Bagged CART (Bootstrap Aggregating BAG), Random Forest (RF), and Stochastic Gradient Boosting ( Gradient Boosting Machine GBM). Compared to the other three models, the performance of RF (Area Under the Curve AUC = 0.93) and BAG (AUC = 0.92) indicated superior accuracy.
IMPACT OF TRADITIONAL CONFLICT MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES OF NDIEZE AND UMUADA ON SECURITY IN NGWA CLAN IN ABIA STATE, NIGERIA
Authors: OBIAGELI BRIDGET OGBONNA  , EUGENE T. ALIEGBA  , DR. ABDULLAHI MOHAMMED ABDUL  
Published: December 2024

In spite of conflict management strategies adopted by Ndieze and Umuada in Ngwa clan to manage conflicts such as land disputes, inheritance and inter-family quarrels in Ngwa clan are still grossly understudied. Even when the variables were examined, they were not linked to security of people in Ngwa clan. The study examined the conflict management strategies of the Ndieze and Umuada in Ngwa Clan and its relevance security in Abia State, Nigeria. The study was anchored on the structural-functional theory in order to understand the Ndieze and Umuada as structures of Ngwa clan and how their functions whether manifest or latent affect security in the clan. The population of the study was 1,911,900 comprising of population of Ndieze, Umuada and residents of Isiala Ngwa North, Isiala Ngwa South, Osisioma Ngwa, Aba North, Aba South, Obingwa and Ugwunagbo , which are Ngwa settlements. The sample size is 400 determined using Taro Yamane formula. Data were collected using 5-Point Likert Questionnaire and interview guide. While data from questionnaire were analysed using frequency distribution, mean and percentages, data from interview were analysed using thematic content analysis. Finding from the study showed that there is significant relationship between conflict management strategies of the Ndieze and Umuada and relevance for security in Ngwa clan. It was recommended that due to the significant relationship between conflict management strategies of the Ndieze and Umuada and relevance for security in Ngwa clan, conflict management strategies such as banishment, naming and shaming of individuals that committed offence, payment of fines, ex-communication, among others should be largely used by Ndieze and Umuada in ensuring the protection of lives and properties in Ngwa clan. This is because if the individuals who committed crimes are note named and shamed or punished, the level of disputes in the clan would increase with its attendant adverse impact on security in the clan.
An Exploration of Perinatal Distress in Pakistan: A Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Shafiq Sameera 
Published: December 2024

Objectives: To develop an indigenous perinatal distress model (PDM) for couples, measured with the indigenously developed Perinatal Distress Inventory (PDI), and verified via statistical regression analysis.
Methodology: An exploratory sequential mixed method research design was used. In Phase-I, an item pool of 209 items was generated by reviewing the literature and conducting semi-structured interviews with experts and perinatal couples at high risk of distress. Reflexive thematic analysis and interpretative phenomenological analysis were used to construct the PDM. In Phase II, the face and content validation of 209 items in the PDI was carried out and 200 items were finalized. The try-out (50 couples) and pilot study (2080 participants) was carried out via purposive sampling technique, from hospitals. Exploratory factor analysis yielded 194 items in PDI with Parental Perinatal Distress Scale (PPDS), Parental Perinatal Distress Expression Scale (PPDES), and Parental Perinatal Distress Aetiology Scale (PPDAS), with acceptable Cronbach’s alpha reliability coefficients 0.90, 0.97, and 0.91 respectively.
Results: PDM showed reciprocal interactions between assessments of distress in terms of depression, anxiety, mania, and psychosis and cultural expressions of emotions, somatization, maladaptive coping, and beliefs in religious and supernatural cognitions, and between the cultural aetiology of stressful and traumatic events; gender roles, mental health stigma, mental health illiteracy, family support, perinatal cognitions, emotional attachment, and bonding, all of which contributed to perinatal distress in couples. The regression analysis revealed that cultural expression and cultural aetiology significantly predicted perinatal distress in couples.
Conclusion: Indigenous PDM was developed, measured with PDI, and verified via regression analysis in couples.
Analyzing the Effectiveness of Social Media Advertising on Consumer Buying Behavior: A Study of Narowal
Authors: Sultana Saba , Farrah ul Momineen  , Hafsa Ainy 
Published: December 2024

Aim of the Study: The study aimed to analyze the role of social media advertisements on consumer behaviour in Narowal, Pakistan. The present research aims to determine the impact of social media advertising on consumer buying behavior, and the role of social media influencers and online reviews on influencing businesses and brands among consumer.
Methodology: Quantitative method was implied in the study. Data was collected through the survey method from 200 respondents, chosen through purposive sampling procedure.
Findings: The key findings revealed that social media advertisements have an impact on consumers purchasing behaviour. However, social media influencers and online reviews do not play a significant role in influencing businesses and brands among consumers. Furthermore, research findings supported that social media advertisement content plays a significant role in consumers' satisfaction and purchasing decisions.
Conclusion: The study concluded that the respondents have positive attitudes towards social media advertisement. Based on obtained results online marketing communication, especially online advertisement is effective in promoting online shopping through social media platforms.
Objectifying Women: A Comparative Feminist Study of Mere Paas Tum Ho (2019) and A Doll’s House (1923)
Authors: Ahmad Waseem , Sultan Faiz , Abbasi Muhammad Ismail 
Published: December 2024

Aim of the Study: This paper explores the status of women in the patriarchal Pakistani and English societies as created by Khalil-ur-Rehman Qamar and Henrick Ibsen in their respective plays Mere Paas Tum Ho (MPTH) and A Doll’s House respectively.
Methodology: The research is qualitative and analytical in nature. The study analyzes discourse of the plays’ main characters, Shahwar and Helmer, by selecting such dialogues and phrases which refer to physical objects instead of human being. The selected population includes the female characters in Pakistani and British literary works. Using the Judgmental Sampling the Researchers selected two dramas. The primary source of the data collected for this study is drama itself. The researchers selected two primary sources in data. The secondary data includes, journals, articles, websites and dramas. Further, the study has used Textual Analysis as a research method for the data analysis.
Findings: Male protagonists of both the plays undermine the power of women who want to grow independently and indiscriminately. By applying theory of objectification, this qualitative study finds that the objectified and commodified women face challenges in their personal, social and marital lives. The study also shows that the works share the common literary effort to highlight women’s exploitation in multiple societies.
Conclusion: This study adds to the existing feministic interpretation of A Doll’s House by comparing it with the Pakistani screen play and categorizing the selected characters as “objectifiers” and objects. Though, the paper analyses the plays from feminist perspective, it differentiates the research by taking the plays’ interpretation beyond the understanding of the text as the mere feminist voice in favor of women’s’ rights.
Factors Influencing the Frequency of Female Sports Participation in Pakistan
Authors: Bibi Jannat , Lei Yao , Khan Alamgir 
Published: December 2024

Aim of the Study: This study was primarily conducted to identify the factors influencing the frequency of female sports participation in Pakistan.
Methodology: The population of the study was comprised of female student-athletes from four (04) universities i.e., Government College (GC) University Lahore, Government College (GC) University Lahore, Faisalabad, Peshawar University, and University of Karachi. Data were collected through a self-made questionnaire with a type Likert scale. Each university distributed 150 questionnaires. Out of 600 questionnaires, 400 were valid (66.67%). The collected data were processed through a statistical package for social sciences (SPSS, version 26).
Findings: Based on the analysis, the researcher found that the lack of sporting facilities (18.8%), laziness (12.6%), social-cultural limitations (11.5%), religious limitations (42%) and parental constraints all are the basic factors affecting female sports participation.
Conclusion: The study concluded that social-cultural limitations, parental influence, lack of facilities, lack of financial facilities and lack of interest are the main factors affecting female sports participation in Pakistan.
The War on Terror and its Implications on the Social Life of the People of South Waziristan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa – Pakistan
Authors: Khan Gulawar , Faiz Jalal , Khan Adnan , Ahmad Mansoor 
Published: December 2024

Aim of the Study: The aim of this study is to examine the repercussions of the War on Terror, Tehreek-e-Taliban, and the armed operation on the social life of the people of South Waziristan with a focus on few of the basic elements of the Pakhtun code of conduct, called Pakhtunwali, such as Jirga (Council of elders), Badal (Revenge), Melmastya (Hospitality), and Nanawatay (Asylum/Begging Pardon) which have been affected to an extent that would not be restored soon. In this mini-war game the Mehsud tribe suffered the most and therefore, the focus will be the Mehsud tribe, living in the three sub-divisions i.e., Ladha, Sarwaikai, and Makeen.
Methodology: Besides secondary sources, this qualitative paper is mostly based on primary sources wherein n=30 unstructured but rigorous interviews were conducted by selecting those families who are internally displaced after the operation of Rah-e-Nijat 2009 (path to salvation). An open-ended questionnaire was prepared, containing 10 thematic questions, for interviewing the interviewees.
Findings: The paper found out that some of the elements of Pakhtunwali such as Jirga, Hospitality are affected negatively while Badal and Nanawatay reformed positively.
Conclusion: It is concluded that the War on Terror, Tehreek-e-Taliban, and the armed operation left, both negative and positive, impacts on the social life of the people of South Waziristan. It would take to time to restore some of the practices of Pakhtunwali.
Facebook as a Tool of Catfishing: An Analytical Study of University Students
Authors: Maheen Sidra , Ghani Abdul , Syed Anam 
Published: December 2024

Aim of the Study: This study aims to highlight the catfishing hoax by using the medium of Facebook where a catfisher simulates someone else by using other’s enchanting pictures to make someone impress so that he can easily plunder a target person due to digital vulnerability.
Methodology: In this study quantitative method has used with survey construction. In this study sample size (N=387) participants participated in survey to answer the questions using questionnaire.
Findings: Findings showed female responded more than male like 213 were female and 174 were male they responded that catfishing phenomenon is occurring on different social networking sites but Facebook is an ideal medium for catfisher where there is no difficulty to impersonate the target person.
Conclusion: The study concludes that catfishing can be controlled by the help of law enforcement agency (FIA) and individual effort such as setting up strong passwords and stopping unfamiliar friend request.
La quérulence ou la manie des procédures : une vision québécoise
Authors: Guillemard Sylvette 
Published: December 2024

La quérulence fait partie des abus de la procédure, introduits au Code de procédure civile en 2009. Le présent article expose les composantes de cette « pathologie judiciaire » en présentant quelques spécimens issus de la jurisprudence tout en recourant à des notions simples de psychologie. L’examen des sanctions prévues aux articles 53 à 55 permettra de vérifier que les mesures prises par le codificateur limitent indiscutablement les dégâts causés par ces plaideurs indélicats sans toutefois éradiquer le problème. Une solution qui vise, elle aussi, à circonscrire les ardeurs des plaideurs obsessionnels sera alors proposée, soit le recours obligatoire aux services d’un membre du Barreau lorsque ces plaideurs sont officiellement déclarés quérulents et inscrits au registre ad hoc. Le texte se termine par une pensée pour les victimes de ces « fous judiciaires ».