bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A New Approach for Dental Bleaching Using Violet Light With or Without the Use of Whitening Gel: Study of Bleaching Effectiveness
Authors: Gallinari MO , Fagundes TC , da Silva LM , de Almeida Souza MB , Barboza ACS , Briso ALF 
Published: April 2019

SUMMARY
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of violet light-emitting diodes (LEDs) in dental bleaching treatment when used in conjunction with bleaching gels containing different concentrations of hydrogen peroxide (HP). Here, 90 bovine teeth (n=15) were randomly assigned to the following groups: GI, placebo without light; GII, 35% HP without light; GIII, 17.5% HP without light; GIV, placebo with violet LED; GV, 35% HP with violet LED; and GVI, 17.5% HP with violet LEDs. Three bleaching sessions of 45 minutes were conducted; 21 cycles involving one minute of irradiation by violet LEDs with 30-second intervals were performed during each session of bleaching (GIV, GV, and GVI). Color changes (ΔE, ΔL, Δa, and Δb) were analyzed using a visible ultraviolet light spectrophotometer 7 days after each bleaching session. The mean ΔE, ΔL, Δa, and Δb values were compared between groups by analysis of variance and Tukey tests, with a significance level of 5%. The groups treated with 35% HP had higher ΔE and ΔL and lower Δb values, regardless of whether violet light was used. The group that received only violet LED differed from the control group in terms of ΔE, and the group treated with 17.5% HP and violet LED presented higher ΔE values than the group treated with 17.5% HP only. Thus, violet light did not influence bleaching efficacy when using 35% HP, but when used in conjunction with 17.5% HP, it increased the bleaching efficacy. Moreover, use of the violet LED only also prompted a bleaching effect, although it was less marked.
Total nitrogen, water-soluble nitrogen and free amino acids profile during ripening of soft cheese enriched with Nigella sativa seed oil
Authors: Georgescu Mara , Raita Ștefania Mariana , Tăpăloagă Dana 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Various antimicrobial solutions have been tested as additives for raw milk traditional cheeses, among which Nigella sativa cold pressed seed oil (NSSO) is recognized for its positive effect on the microbial quality of such products. The overall effect on the quality of enriched cheeses during ripening is still under extensive investigation. Three batches of traditional raw milk brined cheese were included in the current experiment: control cheese without Nigella sativa seed oil (NSSO) and cheese samples enriched with 0.2 and 1% w/w NSSO. Experimental cheese samples were analyzed in duplicates for total nitrogen content (TN), at 0, 14, 28 and 42 days of ripening, while single determinations of total nitrogen (WSN) and free amino acids (FAA) were performed at 14, 28 and 42 ripening days. The TN content revealed similar values for control cheeses and NSSO cheeses, and no significant differences were noticed within the three treatment groups (p >.05) throughout ripening. WSN values followed a significant rising shift in all cheeses during ripening, yet computing data obtained for the three considered treatments, despite an obvious higher WSN content of NSSO enriched cheeses, no statistical significance could be associated to this difference. The FAA composition of the experimental cheeses, varied quantitatively, by increasing with ripening time, but no qualitative variation was noticed during the follow-up period. The FAA composition of the did not vary significantly within treatments.
Toxic, but beneficial compounds from endophytic fungi of Carica papaya
Authors: Eze Peter M. , Abonyi Dominic O. , Abba Chika C. , Proksch Peter , Okoye Festus B. C. , Esimone Charles O. 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Fungi remain a promising source of novel biologically active compounds with potentials in drug discovery and development. This study was aimed at investigating the secondary metabolites from endophytic Fusarium equiseti and Epicoccum sorghinum associated with leaves of Carica papaya collected from Agulu, Anambra State, Nigeria. Isolation of the endophytic fungi, taxonomic identification, fermentation, extraction and isolation of fungal secondary metabolites were carried out using standard procedures. Chromatographic separation and spectroscopic analyses of the fungal secondary metabolites yielded three toxigenic compounds - equisetin and its epimer 5’- epiequisetin from F. equiseti and tenuazonic acid from E. sorghinum These compounds are known to possess several beneficial biological properties that can be explored for pharmaceutical, agricultural or industrial purposes.
The moderating role of risk management in project planning and project success: Evidence from construction businesses of Pakistan and the UK
Authors: Urbański Mariusz , Haque Adnan Ul , Oino Isaiah 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
This comparative study examines the moderating role of risk management in project planning and project success in the construction business of the UK and Pakistan. The data was gathered from 152 project managers (76 from both economies each) using a survey questionnaire. The purposive sampling technique was used to ensure fair representation of sample size and the RAND formula was used to select the project managers. For quantitative analysis, partial least square structural equation modelling technique was utilised. The results confirmed that project planning had a statistically significant impact on project success. Furthermore, risk management significantly moderated the relationship between project planning and project success in the construction businesses despite being in two different economies. The paper contributes to the enhancement of the body of knowledge intended for global companies and academicians aiming to implement risk management frameworks to enhance project success and ensure the effectiveness of project planning in a competitive business environment. It offers a new perspective to investigate the relationship between project planning and project success through moderating the effect of risk management, which is a new theoretical dimension for construction business and the field of project management. It is proposed to the governments and construction businesses operating in the UK and Pakistan to validate the empirical research framework in the cross-cultural context while assessing risk and uncertainty. It helps the construction business in the evaluation of risk while planning and successfully implementing project strategies.
Density dynamics, diet composition and productivity of sparrowhawk Accipiter nisus L. population in central Poland
Authors: Gryz Jakub , Krauze-Gryz Dagny 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Long-term monitoring of raptor populations can serve as a proxy for the evaluation of whole ecosystem health. The aim of the study was to compare the current abundance of the sparrowhawk Accipiter nisus L. with data from past decades. Additionally, we examined the diet of this species in the breeding season and recorded the number of fledglings.
The study area encompassed 105 km2 of field and forest mosaic, located in the vicinity of the Rogów village (51°49'17,98''N, 19°53'54,5''E). Forests covered approximately 24% of the area and formed eight individual complexes ranging in size from 65 ha to 1000 ha. In the years 2011–2017, an average of 20.1 sparrowhawk pairs were recorded resulting in a population density of 19.1 pairs per 100 km2 of total area and 8.2/10 km2 of forested area. This is an increase of 26% compared to the years 2001–2003, when only 16 pairs nested in the same study area. Each successful pair of sparrowhawk produced between one and five fledglings with the average being 3.4.
Larch Larix spp. and Scots pine Pinus sylvestris L. dominated as nesting trees accounting for 36.9 and 35.9% of nesting sites respectively. The average age of the nesting trees was 31 years and nests were built at an average height of 11.7 m.
The sparrowhawk diet was dominated by birds, which amounted to 81.5% of prey items and over 95% of the consumed biomass. Among the birds identified to the species level, the domestic pigeon Columba livia f. domestica Gm. constituted the biggest share in biomass. Further important prey items were starling Sturnus vulgaris L., with 5.6% of prey items and 9.8% of the total biomass, and hawfinch Coccothraustes coccothraustes (L.), with 6.3% of prey items and 7.6% of the total biomass. Sparrowhawks also consumed significant numbers of thrush Turdus spp. that formed in total over 11% of the total consumed biomass.
It would appear that the observed population growth was a result of prohibited persecution and the ban on DDT usage in agriculture.
Análisis de indicadores de disponibilidad y accesibilidad alimentaria en el municipio de Xalapa
Authors: Godínez García Luis Felipe , López Galindo Lol Ki Itzel , Álvarez Ramírez María Magdalena 
Published: April 2019

Para determinar la situación de Seguridad Alimentaria y Nutricional del municipio de Xalapa, Veracruz, se analizaron los pilares de la disponibilidad y accesibilidad a los alimentos; los indicadores incluidos fueron: producción de alimentos básicos, programas sociales, pobreza y carencias, desempleo, población económicamente activa e ingreso. De los 22 indicadores analizados, 13 presentan datos que indican una tendencia hacia la inseguridad alimentaria, mientras que 7 muestran valores de seguridad alimentaria. La producción de alimentos mostró una disminución, mientras que en los programas sociales se muestran como fortaleza, los indicadores de pobreza y desempleo muestran tendencia al aumento, al igual que la carencia por acceso a la alimentación. Al considerar que con uno de los cuatro pilares no se encuentre al 100% se considera un estado de inseguridad, es necesario examinar los indicadores de la SAN como un referente para establecer un diagnóstico por municipio.Palabras clave: seguridad alimentaria; municipio; indicador; pobreza; desnutrición AbstractThe Food and Nutritional Security: Food availability and Food access were analyzed to determine the situation of the municipality of Xalapa, Veracruz. The indicators worked were basic food production, social programs, poverty and shortages, unemployment, economically active population, income. The food production shows a decrease, while in social programs a strength is shown, poverty and unemployment indicators show a tendency to increase, as well as the lack of access to food. In total of the 22 indicators analyzed, 13 present data indicating a trend towards food insecurity, while 7 show food safety values. It is necessary to analyze the indicators of the other pillars of the SAN to establish a better diagnosis of the municipality.Keywords: Food Security; Municipality; Indicator; Poverty; Malnutrition
Gestión cultural ciudadana. Coordenadas de sostenibilidad y derechos culturales
Authors: Cañada de la Cruz Piedad , Becerra Zavala María De Lourdes 
Published: April 2019

Se describen los datos de actividades realizadas por algunos gestores culturales de la República Mexicana a través de Recultivar México, Red de Cultura Viva Comunitaria, en el 2018. Se analizan prospectivamente, a la luz de los resultados esperados de una Política Cultural Sostenible y el ejercicio de los Derechos Culturales, particularmente en cuanto a dominios culturales atendidos y modalidades de participación y acceso en la vida cultural. Se concluye que dos elementos clave para la gestión cultural ciudadana son el fortalecimiento de la cadena de valor de la política cultural y la identificación de dominios culturales socialmente vulnerables.Palabras clave: Política cultural; derechos culturales; gestión cultural; cadena de valor; indicadores culturales AbstractIt describes the data of activities carried out by some cultural managers of the Mexican Republic through Recultivar México, Red de Cultura Viva Comunitaria, in 2018. They are analyzed prospectively, in light of the expected results of a Sustainable Cultural Policy and the exercise of Cultural Rights, particularly in terms of cultural domains served and modalities of participation and access in cultural life. It is concluded that two key elements for citizen cultural management are the strengthening of the value chain of cultural policy and the identification of socially vulnerable cultural domains.Keywords: Cultural Policy; Cultural Rights; cultural management; value chain; cultural indicators
Contaminación antrópica por organismos microbiológicos en la microcuenca del río Pixquiac
Authors: Menchaca Dávila Socorro , Ornelas López Osiris , Hernández García Héctor 
Published: April 2019

Se identifican las actividades que intervienen en la contaminación del agua por agentes microbiológicos de los sectores pecuario, acuícola y doméstico cuyas labores se desarrollan en la microcuenca del río Pixquiac. La investigación establece la relevancia de determinar las causas que están interviniendo en los problemas de la disminución de la disponibilidad del recurso hídrico para uso humano, así como los aspectos de vulnerabilidad social y afectaciones que son implícitas a los ecosistemas.Palabras clave: agua; contaminación; degradación; medio ambiente AbstractActivities that intervene on water pollution by microbiological agents are identified, which are related to sectors of livestock, aquaculture and domestic contexts whose labours are developed on the Pixquiac river micro-basin. The investigation establishes the relevance of determining the causes that intervene on problems of water resource diminution for human use, such as social vulnerability aspects and implicit impacts on ecosystems.Keywords: Water; pollution; degradation; environment
Análisis bibliométrico sobre el cambio climático y la producción de Coffea arabica
Authors: Sánchez Díaz Karl Heinrich Marx , Cerdán Cabrera Carlos Roberto , Ortíz Ceballos Gustavo , Hunter Manson Robert 
Published: April 2019

La cafeticultura veracruzana enfrenta diversos retos desde hace décadas que afectan principalmente a los productores. Los impactos del cambio climático en la producción de café se sumarán a la ya compleja situación. Diversos estudios hablan sobre impactos negativos, por lo que es necesario analizar toda la información disponible. Se realizó un análisis bibliométrico sobre cambio climático y café. Aun cuando existe información, mucha de ella no se encuentra accesible y por lo tanto no es útil para los productores.Palabras clave: Vulnerabilidad; generación de información; cambio climático; investigación agrícola; cafeticultura AbstractVeracruz coffee-growing had faced several challenges for decades, which they mainly affect producers. The impacts of climate change on the coffee production will add to the already complex situation. Various studies talk about negative impacts, so it is necessary to analyses all the available information. A bibliometric analysis on climate change and coffee was carried out. Although the information exists, most of it is useless and not accessible for the coffee producers.Keywords: Vulnerability; generation of information; climate change; agricultural research; coffee industry
Determinants of Adult Obesity in the Working Area of the Simpang Tiga Community Health Center Pekanbaru City
Authors: Alamsyah Agus , Zaman M.Kamali , Septiani Winda 
Published: April 2019

Obese is a overweight as a result of plutonium body fat excessive. Based on the data from health department the city of pekanbaru 2016 the proportion of the incident obesity was highest for puskesmas simpang three of which was 2.1 % per 19.029 population. Based on preliminary survey, than 20 respondents there were as many as five people ( 25 % ) suffering from obesity. Obesity have an impact on the emergence of various degenerative diseases among others, metabolic syndrome atherosclerosis, of cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, gallstones, disturbance of function pulmonic, hypertension and dislipidemia. Research objectives know determinan scene obesity in community in the work area of puskesmas simpang 3 the city of pekanbaru 2017. The research was quantitative analytic with a kind of design study cross section analitik. Variabel dependent obesity and independent variable was education, knowledge, sex, offspring, physical activity and the habit of eating. The study was done in the work area of puskesmas simpang 3 the city of pekanbaru, data collection was held in december 2017 - january 2018. Population to research it was a whole people living and settled in the work area of puskesmas simpang 3 the city of pekanbaru 2018 as many as 19.029 lives and sample were 155 responden. teknik the sample collection of sampling quota. Data analyswas univariat, bivariat and multivariate. The results of the study showed that well educated low (SMP), the offspring of obesity and the habit of eating little influence to events obesity. It was suggested that puskesmas simpang 3 the city of pekanbaru harder socialize a healthy lifestyle like how diet good to avoid from obesity especially the targets to the education low and have the acts of offspring obesity.
ИНСТРУМЕНТЫ И МЕХАНИЗМЫ РЕАЛИЗАЦИИ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОЙ инвестиционной политики
Authors: Исакова Гулизар Казбековна , Магомедова Айшат Багавдинова 
Published: April 2019

Предметом работы выступают экономические отношения, формирующиеся в ходе инвестиционной деятельности государства с учетом практики российской экономики. Цель работы заключается в изучении теоретических аспектов инвестиционной политики государства, роли инвестиционных компаний в экономике государства. Методология проведения работы – основывается на необходимости дальнейшей теоретической и методологической проработки проблем в области государственной инвестиционной политики. Результаты работы – изучены теоретические основы формирования инвестиций, а именно, рассмотрены понятие, виды инвестиций и содержание инвестиционной политики, раскрыты инструменты и механизмы реализации государственной инвестиционной политики. Область применения результатов – развитие данного механизма позволяет повысить механизм реализации инвестиционной политики, его направленность на то, чтобы интересы всех участвующих стороны были учтены, важная роль отводится мотивационному блоку, обеспечивающему взаимодействие, как между участниками инвестиционного процесса, так и их с внешней средой, является важной составляющей структуры этого механизма. Выводы: Слаженная инвестиционная деятельность страны является необходимым условием устойчивого и стабильного экономического роста. Совсем недавно инвестиционной политике в нашей стране не уделялось достаточного внимания, однако сейчас стали предприниматься шаги в направлении правильной разработки инвестиционной политики. В последние годы наблюдаются изменения в разработке государственной инвестиционной политике, устраняются структурные дисбалансы в экономике, снижаются процентные ставки.
АНАЛИЗ-ПРОГНОЗ ВОЗМОЖНОЙ ДИНАМИКИ СОЦИАЛЬНО-ПОЛИТИЧЕСКИХ ПРЕДПОЧТЕНИЙ РОССИЙСКОЙ СТУДЕНЧЕСКОЙ МОЛОДЕЖИ В 2018–2024 ГОДАХ
Authors: ПЕТРОСЯНЦ ДАНИЭЛ ВИКТОРОВИЧ , ЮШКОВ ИГОРЬ ВАЛЕРЬЕВИЧ 
Published: April 2019

Цель работы: проанализировать и спрогнозировать возможную динамику социально-политических предпочтений российской студенческой молодежи в наступающем электоральном цикле после 2018 года. Изучить способы проявления социальной активности, а также деятельность органов власти, общественных институтов и иных организаций по модерированию этих процессов. Методология исследования основана на общих и специальных методах научного познания: методах эмпирического исследования (наблюдение, сравнение, сбор и изучение данных), текущего и перспективного анализа и синтеза теоретического и практического материала, сравнительной политологии, геополитики, этнополитологии, многофакторного системного анализа, социологии, статистического анализа и т. п. Анализ электоральных настроений в молодежной среде проведен по результатам комплексного опроса-анкетирования студенческой молодежи в семи федеральных округах РФ, осуществленного исследовательской группой факультета социологии и политологии Финансового университета. Результаты. В ходе работы получен предварительный прогноз относительно возможной динамики политической активности студенческой молодежи в новом электоральном цикле. Большинство респондентов (молодых людей) препятствия для самореализации в России сводят к внешним причинам, причем в основном институционального характера, указывая в итоге их происхождение от действия/бездействия государства. Область применения. Результаты настоящей работы могут иметь применение в Министерстве науки и высшего образования РФ и Министерстве просвещения РФ при разработке концепции учебно-воспитательной работы в российских вузах, средних и средне-специальных учебных заведениях. Выводы. Без корректировки молодежной политики в вузах, где в молодежной среде образу «идеальной власти» противопоставляются «пороки» действующей, страта «студенческая молодежь» представляет собой потенциальную опасность деструктивного политического характера.
Estimating age-specific vaccine effectiveness using data from a large measles outbreak in Berlin, Germany, 2014/15: evidence for waning immunity
Authors: Bitzegeio Julia , Majowicz Shannon , Matysiak-Klose Dorothea , Sagebiel Daniel , Werber Dirk 
Published: April 2019

Background
Measles elimination is based on 95% coverage with two doses of a measles-containing vaccine (MCV2), high vaccine effectiveness (VE) and life-long vaccine-induced immunity. Longitudinal analysis of antibody titres suggests existence of waning immunity, but the relevance at the population-level is unknown.

Aim
We sought to assess presence of waning immunity by estimating MCV2 VE in different age groups (2–5, 6–15, 16–23, 24–30 and 31–42 years) in Berlin.

Methods
We conducted a systematic literature review on vaccination coverage and applied the screening-method using data from a large measles outbreak (2014/15) in Berlin. Uncertainty in input variables was incorporated by Monte Carlo simulation. In a scenario analysis, we estimated the proportion vaccinated with MCV2 in those 31-42 years using VE of the youngest age group, where natural immunity was deemed negligible.

Results
Of 773 measles cases (median age: 20 years), 40 had received MCV2. Average vaccine coverage per age group varied (32%–88%). Estimated median VE was  > 99% (95% credible interval (CrI): 98.6–100) in the three youngest age groups, but lower (90.9%, 95% CrI: 74.1–97.6) in the oldest age group. In the scenario analysis, the estimated proportion vaccinated was 98.8% (95% CrI: 96.5–99.8).

Conclusion
VE for MCV2 was generally high, but lower in those aged 31-42 years old. The estimated proportion with MCV2 should have led to sufficient herd immunity in those aged 31-42 years old. Thus, lower VE cannot be fully explained by natural immunity, suggesting presence of waning immunity.