bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inonotus sanghuang Polyphenols Attenuate Inflammatory Response Via Modulating the Crosstalk Between Macrophages and Adipocytes
Authors: Zhang Mengdi , Xie Yu , Su Xing , Liu Kun , Zhang Yijie , Pang Wuyan , Wang Junpeng 
Published: February 2019

Aims: Obesity is characterized as a chronic state of low-grade inflammation with progressive immune cell infiltration into adipose tissue. Adipose tissue macrophages play a critical role in the establishment of chronic inflammatory states and metabolic dysfunctions. Inonotus (I.) sanghuang and its extract polyphenols exhibit anti-carcinogenesis, anti-inflammatory, and anti-oxidant activities. However, the action of I. sanghuang polyphenols in obesity-related inflammation has not been reported. The aim of this study was to explore the anti-inflammatory action of polyphenols from I. sanghuang extract (ISE) in macrophages and the interaction between macrophages and adipocytes.Materials and Methods: RAW264.7 macrophages were stimulated with LPS or conditioned medium of hypertrophied 3T3-L1 adipocytes or cocultured with differentiated adipocytes in the presence of different doses of ISE. The inflammatory cytokines were evaluated by ELISA, the MAPK, NF-κB, and IL-6/STAT3 signals were determined by immunoblotting, and the migrated function of macrophages was determined by migration assay.Results: ISE suppressed the inflammatory mediators including NO, TNF-α, IL-6, and MCP-1 induced by either LPS or conditioned medium derived from 3T3-L1 adipocytes. ISE also decreased the production of these inflammatory mediators in cocultures of 3T3-L1 adipocytes and RAW264.7 macrophages. Furthermore, ISE blocked RAW264.7 macrophages migration toward 3T3-L1 adipocytes in cocultures. Finally, this effect of ISE might be mediated via inhibiting ERK, p38, and STAT3 activation.Conclusions: Our findings indicate the possibility that ISE suppresses the interaction between macrophages and adipocytes, attenuates chronic inflammation in adipose tissue and improves obesity-related insulin resistance and complication, suggesting that ISE might be a valuable medicinal food effective in improving insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome.
A retrospective audit of antibiotic prescriptions in a Lebanese Hospital
Authors: Ibrahim Mohamad , Bazzi Zeinab 
Published: February 2019

Despite the frequent alarms that have been published about the adverse effects of antibiotic use and misuse, physicians prescribe to patients approximately fifty percent of unnecessary antimicrobials. In an attempt to decrease the emergence of antimicrobial resistance and increase awareness, a team approach is required to address this prescribing phenomenon in a feasible manner.
A retrospective study was done at a one-hundred-forty-bed hospital with a representative sample size of 368 patients. Patient data was collected and analyzed by a stewardship team. The overall antibiotic inappropriate rate was 45.8%, which is relatively high and consistent with the findings of other studies mentioned in the literature.
This study aimed to provide baseline epidemiological data on the use of antibiotics in a Lebanese hospital and has revealed several notable patterns of antibiotic prescribing practices among Lebanese physicians such as the use of antimicrobial drugs example penicillin was consistently high. Strong correlations were identified between the type of attending physician and antibiotic appropriateness. These findings will be important in constructing an antimicrobial stewardship program to reduce antibiotic misuse.
Poor practices of medical and health sciences students for the prevention of hepatitis B viral infections in Ethiopia
Authors: Regassa Belay Tafa , Fiseha Genene 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Hepatitis B virus is a serious global public health problem and health professionals, especially medical and health sciences students are at risk of acquiring infection through occupational exposure. Hence, this study was aimed at assessing medical and health sciences students’ knowledge, attitudes and practices towards HBV transmission and prevention.
A cross-sectional study was conducted from February to March, 2017 among 190 medical and health sciences students. Study participants were selected using random sampling technique. Self-administered questionnaire was used to collect information. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 20.
Out of 190 distributed questionnaires, all were returned with a response rate of 100%. Majority of the students, 107(56.3%), were in the age group 20 – 24 years. Almost all the respondents had good knowledge about hepatitis B Virus transmission, treatment and prevention. Majorities, 179 (94.2%), of students had good attitudes towards the importance of standard precautions, vaccine and post exposure prophylaxis for HBV prevention. However, the study participants had poor practices towards the prevention of Hepatitis B infections where 164 (86.3%) of the students had not vaccinated against and screened for the virus and 111 (58.4%) of them were not practicing of the standard precautions.
This study indicates that participants had good knowledge and attitudes towards hepatitis B virus prevention. However, they had experienced poor practicing while giving healthcare services.
Key Words: Poor practices, Prevention, Hepatitis B viral infection, medical and health sciences students
VVV Survey of Blue Horizontal Branch Stars in the Bulge–Halo Transition Region of the Milky Way
Authors: Montenegro Katherine , Minniti Dante , Alonso-García Javier , Hempel Maren , Saito Roberto K. , Beers Timothy C. , Brown David 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
We characterize the population of blue horizontal branch (BHB) stars in the bulge–halo transition region of the Milky Way using the VISTA Variables in the Vía Láctea (VVV) ESO Public Survey data. The selection of BHB stars is made using the globular cluster M22 as a reference standard and constructing color–magnitude and color–color diagrams with specific cuts in the ZYJHK

s
near-infrared (IR) passbands. A total of 12,554 BHB stars were detected, in a region within −10.°0 ≤ ℓ ≤ 10.°2 and −10.°2 ≤ b ≤ −8.°0. We provide accurate coordinates and near-IR photometry for this sample of BHB stars. We searched for overdensities of stars with sizes similar to those of known globular clusters and stellar streams. By comparing real data with Monte Carlo simulations, we conclude that the few overdensities detected are of low significance. We also constructed K

s
-band light curves for the BHB stars to study their variability. Taking an average of 52 epochs to calculate periods and amplitudes, we identify hundreds of candidate eclipsing binaries and a dozen pulsating stars. Finally, we made some comparisons with results obtained in a previous study for RR Lyrae variable stars in this same region.
Galactic Rotation and the Oort Constants in the Solar Vicinity
Authors: Li Chengdong , Zhao Gang , Yang Chengqun 
Published: February 2019

Abstract

Gaia DR2 data are used to calculate the Oort constants and derive the Galactic rotational properties in this work. We choose the solar vicinity stars with a “clean” sample within 500 pc. The Oort constants are then fitted through the relation between the proper motions as a function of Galactic longitude l. A maximum likelihood method is adopted to obtain the Oort constants and the uncertainties are produced by a Markov Chain Monte Carlo technique with the sample. Our results for the Oort constants are A = 15.1 ± 0.1 km s−1 kpc−1, B = −13.4 ± 0.1 km s−1 kpc−1, C = −2.7 ± 0.1 km s−1 kpc−1, and K = −1.7 ± 0.2 km s−1 kpc−1 respectively. The nonzero values of C and K represent a nonaxisymmetric model for the Galaxy. According to our results, the angular velocity

and the circular velocity decreases in solar vicinity. The local radial velocity also decreases along the radial direction due to C + K being negative.
La construction en mélèze dans les Alpes du Sud depuis le xe siècle : une nouvelle lecture dendrochronologique de l’occupation humaine en montagne et des ressources forestières, données et méthodologies inédites
Authors: Shindo Lisa , Labbas Vincent , Édouard Jean-Louis , Guibal Frédéric 
Published: February 2019

Dans les Alpes françaises du sud (Haute et Moyenne
Durance et massif du Mercantour), le petit patrimoine bâti, également
appelé vernaculaire, est étudié depuis une vingtaine d’années par les
dendrochronologues d’Aix-en-Provence. 110 structures bâties en
élévation (fermes et granges principalement), situées entre 790 et
2 090 m d’altitude, ont livré 1 331 pièces de mélèze, dont les
carottes et sections ont été datées par dendrochronologie. Sept
grandes phases de construction ont été identifiées, de la fin xiie-début xiiie siècle à la première moitié du xxe siècle. Mais des
mélèzes (essence la plus fréquemment rencontrée) ont été abattus à
presque toutes les époques ce qui témoigne d’une activité à la fois
d’entretien, de réparation, et de transformation permanente de ces
structures bâties. Le diamètre moyen des pièces de bois utilisées et
l’âge moyen des arbres au moment de leur abattage caractérisent la
ressource mobilisée au moment de son exploitation par les populations
humaines.
Dans la chaleur des fours : que restituer des pratiques des céramistes des sociétés anciennes ?
Authors: Frerebeau Nicolas , Pernot Michel 
Published: February 2019

Véritables lieux communs dans l’étude de la
production des matériaux céramiques, la température et l’atmosphère de
cuisson sont pourtant des indicateurs ambigus lorsqu’il s’agit de
décrire la tache stratégique de constitue l’étape de la cuisson.
Malgré les problèmes – tant d’ordre méthodologique que conceptuel –
soulevés par les rares études antérieures, comment expliquer qu’ils
soient d’un usage si commun et, surtout, participent-ils effectivement
à la description de procédés techniques ?
CORD BLOOD PLATELET LYSATE: IN VITRO EVALUATION TO SUPPORT THE USE IN REGENERATIVE MEDICINE.
Authors: Teofili Luciana 
Published: February 2019

Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is an inexpensive and safe substitute of recombinant growth factors in Vitro and in vivo. Due to its putative effect on tissue repair, the use of autologous PRP has become largely popular. Recently, a jellified PRP derivative obtained from umbilical cord blood (CB) has been utilized in vivo to treat mucosal and cutaneous lesions. Nevertheless, whether PRP derived from CB and adult blood display different potency in promoting cell growth in Vitro has been rarely investigated. In this study, we compared cytokine profile and mesenchymal cell growth supporting the ability of platelet lysate obtained from adult and cord blood. Our in vitro results strongly back the utilization of CB platelet lysate in vivo, as an efficacious, safe and inexpensive alternative to promote damaged tissue healing when the autologous PRP is contraindicated. Moreover, the policy of manufacturing CB platelet lysate can limit the current disposal of many collected CB units not suitable for transplant due to their low nucleated cell count.
Beneficios del Ambiente Robótico Lúdico SpinBOT en el Desarrollo de Habilidades Cognitivas
Authors: Acevedo Londoño Jairo Andres , Caicedo-Bravo Eduardo , Ferney Castillo-García Javier 
Published: February 2019

<p class="icsmabstract">Los niños que presentan discapacidad física corren un alto riesgo de desarrollar efectos adversos en su desarrollo cognitivo, debido a su incapacidad de interactuar con el medio. Múltiples estudios han demostrado el potencial de los robots como herramientas usadas para asistir actividades lúdicas, que permiten el aprendizaje de habilidades cognitivas, sociales, motrices y de lenguaje. En este ámbito de aplicación, este artículo describe un estudio con 4 niños entre 11 y 17 años de edad, con el fin de evaluar un ambiente lúdico de asistencia tecnológica de bajo costo, para la rehabilitación del miembro superior, que, durante el tratamiento con el robot, permitió demostrar los conceptos cognitivos de causalidad, negación, juego simbólico y secuenciación. Al inicio y final del tratamiento, se realizó una valoración por psicología y se aplicó una entrevista a los terapeutas y padres o cuidadores, donde se observó el progreso del componente cognitivo mediante el uso operativo del robot.<em></em></p>
Implementation of evidence based practice in a development project on nurse students’ clinical education
Authors: Melender Hanna-Leena , Hilli Yvonne 
Published: February 2019

Title: Implementation of evidence based practice in a development project on nurse students’ clinical education
Synopsis: The evidence based practice (EBP) movement started at the beginning of 1970s in the field of medicine. The famous definition by Sackett et al. (1997, p. 2) defined evidence-based medicine as ‘the conscientious, explicit and judicious use of current best evidence in making decisions about the care of individual patients’. The idea of EBP was later introduced to other fields of professional practice in health and social care, as well as to the education of health professionals such as nursing education. The project named Knowledge in development (KID) focused on the development of clinical preceptorship in the context of nursing. Clinical preceptors are registered nurses and practical nurses who have the responsibilities of caring for patients and teaching nursing students at the same time. Nursing teachers working in the KID project were enthusiastic to implement the evidence based practice approach in the project work, by using different evidence bases.
Purpose: The purpose of this article is to present how evidence based practices in the project work were implemented and to describe the experiences of the project group members about the implementation of EBP.
Project setting: Two universities of applied sciences, two vocational institutes and four health-care organizations in Western Finland.
Year of project: 2009-2013
Target readers: Primarily project practitioners, project managers and teachers on the health care sector.
Lessons learned: Based on the experiences gained in this project, the use of an evidence based practice approach in planning and implementing a development project in health care clinical and educational settings is recommended.
Competencies highlighted: Information literacy
Related theory: The structure of different evidence bases presented by Rycroft-Malone et al. (2004), including research, clinical experience, patients, clients and carers, and local context and environment.
Remote sensing of aerosol properties from multi-wavelength and multi-pixel information over the ocean
Authors: Shi Chong , Hashimoto Makiko , Nakajima Teruyuki 
Published: February 2019

Abstract. In this study, we
investigate the feasibility of a multi-pixel scheme in the inversion of
aerosol optical properties for multispectral satellite instruments over the
ocean. Different from the traditional satellite aerosol retrievals conducted
pixel by pixel, we derive the aerosol optical
thickness (AOT) of multiple pixels simultaneously by adding a smoothness
constraint on the spatial variation of aerosols and oceanic substances, which
helps the satellite retrieval, with higher consistency from pixel to pixel.
Simulations are performed for two representative oceanic circumstances, open
and coastal waters, as well as the land–ocean interface region. We retrieve
the AOT for fine, sea spray, and dust aerosols simultaneously using synthetic
spectral measurements, which are from the Greenhouse Gases Observing
Satellite and Thermal and Near Infrared Sensor for Carbon Observation –
Cloud and Aerosol Imager (GOSAT∕TANSO-CAI), with four wavelengths ranging
from the ultraviolet to shortwave infrared bands. The forward radiation
calculation is performed by a coupled atmosphere–ocean radiative transfer
model combined with a three-component bio-optical oceanic module, where the
chlorophyll a concentration, sediment, and colored dissolved organic matter
are considered. Results show that accuracies of the derived AOT and spectral
remote-sensing reflectance are both improved by applying smoothness
constraints on the spatial variation of aerosol and oceanic substances in
homogeneous or inhomogeneous surface conditions. The multi-pixel scheme can
be effective in compensating for the retrieval biases induced by measurement
errors and improving the retrieval sensitivity, particularly for the fine
aerosols over the coastal water. We then apply the algorithm to derive AOTs
using real satellite measurements. Results indicate that the multi-pixel
method helps to polish the irregular retrieved results of the satellite
imagery and is potentially promising for the aerosol retrieval over highly
turbid waters by benefiting from the coincident retrieval of neighboring
pixels. A comparison of retrieved AOTs from satellite measurements with those
from the Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) also indicates that retrievals
conducted by the multi-pixel scheme are more consistent with the AERONET
observations.
Using Microlearning and Social Learning to Improve Teachers’ Instructional Design Skills: A Mixed Methods Study of Technology Integration in Teacher Professional Development
Authors: Hanshaw George O , Hanson Janet 
Published: February 2019

The purpose of this mixed-method study was to test the usefulness of a new technology-based instructional design, using microlearning and social learning, to improve employee skills on the job. Researchers collected data from professionals responsible for instructional design at their workplace (N=51). Participants engaged in a fully on-line training at a time convenient to them over a two-week period. A learning management system supported the content delivery. A social learning component included video demonstrations of the content and participants asynchronously sharing their learning with other participants. Researchers performed follow-up interviews (N=10) to develop a deeper understanding of the participants’ perceptions and to validate self-reports collected in a Likert-style quantitative survey. Participants created work samples used as evidence of their learning from the training. Three themes emerged from the qualitative analyses including, participants wanted training that provided skills useful immediately on the job, sought to expand their perspectives by learning from others, and to expand their skills in their craft beyond those of other designers. Participants’ reported that opportunities to share their learning with others made the learning “more personal” and provided a “bigger picture,” or broader perspective. Participants’ reported the instructional design increased their motivation to engage the content and that their skills improved. Positive reports of the effectiveness of the microlearning component were not consistent, however, with the statistical results. There was a significant negative correlation between microlearning and the social learning component and the dependent variable of the study, participants’ perceptions of the effectiveness of the instructional design.
La référence automatisée dans les bibliothèques d’université et de recherche
Authors: Bonnelly Claude 
Published: February 2019

Etude de l’automatisation comme solution aux problèmes que rencontrent aujourd’hui les services de référence dans les bibliothèques d’université et de recherche. Analyse de ses diverses possibilités : automatisation du service comme tel, utilisation de banques de données spécialisées à des fins de référence, exploitation des services de diffusion sélective de l’information (SDI). Ce que doit connaître le bibliothécaire pour exploiter à fond ces systèmes : caractéristiques des diverses espèces d’index, techniques d’élaboration d’un profil d’intérêt.
Planification des services documentaires québécois
Authors: Bosa Réal 
Published: February 2019

La planification nationale des services documentaires est une notion relativement nouvelle. Au Québec, l’idée de planification a évolué depuis les années 1960 en fonction des rôles dévolus respectivement à l’Etat et à la profession.
Le Québec n’a pas de structure administrative gouvernementale regroupant l’ensemble des bibliothèques. L’Etat intervient par ses ministères avec le concours des services gouvernementaux qui administrent les programmes de subvention et établissent les normes de fonctionnement. Les universités, plus autonomes, ont leurs propres structures de concertation.
La profession, au départ, préconisait une prise en charge par les bibliothèques de leur propre développement et la mise sur pied d’un organisme indépendant de concertation. Une Rencontre de la bibliothéconomie québécoise en 1975 et une Table ronde sur la planification des services documentaires québécois en 1978 allaient modifier le débat et le porter à un niveau politique. La profession a depuis pressé les autorités gouvernementales d’établir une politique globale de la documentation et de mettre en place des structures nécessaires à la coordination.
L’Etat n’a répondu que partiellement, par une intervention sectorielle, à la demande de la profession. Il s’engageait en 1979 à créer auprès du Conseil de la politique scientifique une commission de l’information scientifique et technique.
Ayant connu un long cheminement, comme en beaucoup de pays, la planification des services documentaires au Québec demeure le fruit d’une démarche entreprise par la profession puis assumée par l’Etat en étroite concertation avec celle-ci.
RIBLIN
Authors: Lebel Clément 
Published: February 2019

RIBLIN (Réseau informatisé de bibliothèques/Library Information Network) a été formé à la dissolution du réseau Télécat-Unicat (Télécatalogage en coopération-Union catalogue). Ce projet coopératif de télécatalogage bilingue, en temps réel et en mode conversationnel, avait été élaboré en 1973. En 1980, plus de vingt bibliothèques du Québec et de l’Ontario, universitaires pour la plupart, y participaient.
Le projet d’origine visait plusieurs objectifs. Un des plus importants était la formation d’un catalogue collectif ordinolingue, lequel comptait plus de 900 000 dossiers lors de l’effritement du groupe Télécat-Unicat survenu en juin 1980 à la suite du retrait massif des bibliothèques ontariennes. Les causes de ce mouvement de retrait furent de diverses natures. Les participants ontariens remettaient en question, entre autres choses, le principe de la collaboration et la nécessité du maintien de services communs.
Pour leur part, les bibliothèques québécoises participantes manifestèrent leur volonté de poursuivre la collaboration et formèrent, dès août 1980, un nouveau consortium, RIBLIN inc., qui prit la relève du premier organisme en poursuivant sensiblement les mêmes objectifs. Du point de vue technologique, peu de changements majeurs sont intervenus si ce n’est une nouvelle architecture des fichiers permettant plus de souplesse dans l’utilisation des données stockées.