bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Crystal structures of a putative periplasmic cystine‐binding protein from Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus: insights into an adapted mechanism of ligand binding
Authors: Kumar Pranav , Kesari Pooja , Kokane Sunil , Ghosh Dilip Kumar , Kumar Pravindra , Sharma Ashwani Kumar 
Published: May 2019

The amino acid‐binding receptors, a component of ABC transporters, have evolved to cater to different specificities and functions. Of particular interest are cystine‐binding receptors, which have shown broad specificity. In the present study, a putative periplasmic cystine‐binding protein from Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (CLasTcyA) was characterized. Analysis of the CLasTcyA sequence and crystal structures in the ligand‐bound state revealed novel features of CLasTcyA in comparison to related proteins. One of the unique features found in CLasTcyA structure was the positioning of the C‐terminal extended loop of one chain very close to the substrate‐binding site of the adjacent monomer in the asymmetric unit. The presence of a disulphide bond, unique to Candidatus Liberibacter family, holds the C‐terminal extended loop in position. Analysis of the substrate‐binding pocket of CLasTcyA suggested a broad specificity and a completely different orientation of the bound substrates in comparison to related protein structures. The open conformation for one of the two chains of the asymmetric unit in the Arg‐bound structure revealed a limited open state (18.4°) for CLasTcyA as compared to open state of other related proteins (~ 60°). The strong interaction between Asp126 on helix‐α5 of small domain and Arg82 (bigger domain) restricts the degree of opening in ligand‐free open state. The dissociation constant of 1.26 μm by SPR and 3.7 μm by MST exhibited low affinity for the cystine. This is the first structural characterization of an l‐cystine ABC transporter from plant pathogen and our results suggest that CLasTcyA may have evolved to cater to its specific needs for its survival in the host.
TLR5 activation induces expression of the pro‐inflammatory mediator Urokinase Plasminogen Activator via NF‐κB and MAPK signalling pathways in human dental pulp cells
Authors: Hwang H.‐S. , Kim J.‐W. , Oh S.‐H. , Song J. H. , Yang J.‐W. , Zang Y. , Kim Y.‐H. , Lee S.‐E. , Hwang Y.‐C. , Koh J.‐T. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractAimTo explore the involvement of TLR5 in pulp inflammation and to examine the effects of TLR5 activation with its ligand, FlaB protein, on pro‐inflammatory gene expression.MethodologyTLR5 expression in dental pulp tissues and human dental pulp cells (hDPCs) were determined by immunohistochemistry, immunocytochemistry, Western blots and RT‐PCR analyses. To examine the role of TLR5, hDPCs were treated with recombinant FlaB protein (500 ng mL−1) to activate the receptor or with a small interfering RNA against TLR5 (si‐TLR5) to downregulate the receptor. After exposure to FlaB, the expression of inflammation‐related proteins was screened using a protein array kit. Western blots or qRT‐PCR analyses were performed to identify changes in the expression of uPA (urokinase plasminogen activator), TIMPs (tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases), and IL‐6 and to determine their signalling pathways. Statistical analysis was performed using one‐way analysis of variance (anova) with Tukey post hoc test; P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultTLR5 expression was identified in pulp tissues and hDPCs. In the protein array analysis, treatment with FlaB significantly increased uPA expression (P < 0.01) and significantly decreased TIMP1/4 (P < 0.05). FlaB treatment also significantly increased expression of the inflammatory marker IL‐6 (P < 0.01). FlaB treatment increased phosphorylation of the NF‐κB p65 subunit, JNK, p38 and ERK. Chemical inhibitors of NF‐κB (Bay11‐7082), p38 (SB202190) or ERK (U0126) decreased the FlaB induction of uPA expression. Downregulation of TLR5 expression by siRNA decreased the FlaB induction of uPA protein and p65 phosphorylation.ConclusionTLR5 activation with FlaB treatment induced the expression of uPA via the NF‐κB and MAPK signalling pathways. Flagellin‐bearing oral bacteria may cause pulp inflammation through TLR5. The findings provide new clues to control pulpal diseases by targeting TLR5 signalling pathways.
Factors affecting consumers’ purchase intention of eco‐friendly food in China: The evidence from respondents in Beijing
Authors: He Qile , Duan Yanqing , Wang Ruowei , Fu Zetian 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe purpose aims to examine the key factors influencing Chinese consumer’s purchasing behaviour of eco‐friendly food in China giving its context as an emerging economy and its rapidly rising importance in the world eco‐friendly food market. This paper adopts and extends the Responsible Environmental Behaviour (REB) theory by empirically testing key psychosocial factors influencing the purchase intention of eco‐friendly food and the moderating effects of consumers’ demographic characteristics on the relationship between the key psychosocial factors and the purchase intention. A number of hypotheses are proposed. A questionnaire was designed and distributed via online survey in Beijing, China. A total of 239 valid responses were received. The empirical data were used to test the research hypotheses using the hierarchical multiple regression analysis. The research finds that the personality factors in the REB model (i.e., pro‐environmental attitudes, the internal locus of control and personal responsibly) have significant positive effects on the consumers’ eco‐friendly food purchase intention. Such effect is stable across consumers with different income levels. On the other hand, the knowledge–skill factors in the REB model do not have significant effect on the purchase intention of consumers. This study contributes to a better understanding of factors affecting eco‐friendly food consumption intention in China and the behavioural characteristics of consumers in developing countries. Moreover, the findings also shed light on the applicability of the REB theory in emerging economies and a specific industrial context.
Safety and outcomes of 177Lu‐DOTATATE for neuroendocrine tumours: experience in New South Wales, Australia
Authors: Lin Enmoore , Chen Tina , Little Alana , Holliday Laura , Roach Paul , Butler Patrick , Hosking Erika , Bailey Elizabeth , Elison Barry , Currow David 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBackgroundPeptide receptor radionuclide therapy with 177Lu‐DOTATATE is a promising treatment for inoperable or metastatic neuroendocrine tumours (NET). In 2015, the NSW Ministry of Health provided funding for 177Lu‐DOTATATE treatment of NET under an evaluation framework.AimsTo examine the safety and outcomes of NET patients treated with 177Lu‐DOTATATE under the evaluation framework and assess the statewide implementation of the NSW Lutate therapy referral and protocol for neuroendocrine cancer patients.MethodsA quality of care clinical audit was conducted on all NET patients treated with 177Lu‐DOTATATE from October 2010 to October 2015 at St George Hospital, and from August 2013 to March 2017 at Royal North Shore Hospital. Percentage of patients who met protocol selection criteria was calculated. Survival was estimated using the Kaplan–Meier method. Adjusted regression analyses assessed associations between key clinical factors and outcomes.ResultsA total of 279 patients was treated. Statewide protocol implementation led to an increase from 60.5 to 83.8% in patients meeting selection criteria. Estimated median overall survival was significantly longer for patients who met selection criteria compared with those who did not (50.7 vs 34.2 months) (P = 0.018). This was driven by the significantly worse overall survival in patients who failed exclusion criteria (P < 0.001). 177Lu‐DOTATATE was well tolerated with haematological, renal and hepatic treatment‐related serious adverse events experienced by 9.7, 0.4 and 0.4% of patients respectively.Conclusions
177Lu‐DOTATATE is a promising treatment for advanced NET. Superior survival in patients who met selection criteria emphasise the importance of protocol adherence.
Toward a Better Understanding of Recurrence Intervals, Bankfull, and Their Importance
Authors: Edwards Pamela J. , Watson Edward A. , Wood Frederica 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBankfull is a concept that is intimately tied to the annual flood series through the well‐accepted tenet that bankfull discharge occurs at approximately the 1.5‐year recurrence interval on the annual series. Thus, due to this association the annual series provides a useful diagnostic tool for helping to identify the bankfull elevation in the field. The partial‐duration series does not provide an equivalent tool because paired discharge and recurrence interval values from the flood frequency curve depend upon the minimum threshold selected for developing the partial‐duration series. However, the interpretation that bankfull discharge occurs on average once every 1.5 years, or two out of every three years from that bankfull discharge/recurrence interval relationship on the annual series is incorrect. Frequencies of small floods (those with recurrence intervals ≤10 years) should be obtained using the partial‐duration flood series because it contains a more accurate representation of the size and frequency of small events. We used discharge data from 11 streams in West Virginia watersheds that ranged from about 0.14 to 223 km2 to compare the two series and to illustrate the variability in small flood frequencies through time. Flooding to the bankfull stage was absent some years but occurred as many as four or five times during other years.
Opportunities for investment into small ruminant breeding programmes in Brazil
Authors: Braga Lobo Raimundo Nonato 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe social contribution of goat and sheep industries is very important to many Brazilian families mainly in semi‐arid regions of the country. However, the productive chains of these two species in Brazil are unorganized and ultimately informal. On the other hand, there is potential for growth and development to which an upscaling of breeding programmes will be essential. Historically, many attempts to structure these programmes have been unsuccessful. Inadequate understanding of how to achieve genetic improvement often leading to distributing unsuitable exotic genetics among the producers is one of the reasons for the failure. Another important factor is related to the sources of funding and the priorities for the use of funds. According to the experience and the state of the art in Brazil, the priorities for funding must be in the characterization of the different systems and animal genetic resources, organization of information collection procedures and national databanks, training of technicians and producers and development of system to enable animal evaluation.
Reconciling supertramps, great speciators and relict species with the taxon cycle stages of a large island radiation (Aves: Campephagidae)
Authors: Pepke Michael Le , Irestedt Martin , Fjeldså Jon , Rahbek Carsten , Jønsson Knud Andreas 
Published: May 2019

AbstractAimThe taxon cycle concept provides a geographically explicit and testable set of hypotheses for exploring the evolutionary processes underlying the distribution of species in space and time. Here, we test taxon cycle predictions within a large avian island radiation, the core Campephagidae and explicitly integrate the concepts of ‘supertramps’, ‘great speciators’ and relictualization.LocationThe Indo‐Pacific, Australia, Asia and Africa.TaxonCorvoid passerine birds.MethodsWe constructed a new time‐calibrated molecular phylogeny of the core Campephagidae (cuckooshrikes, cicadabirds and trillers) using Bayesian phylogenetic methods. Ancestral range estimation methods and diversification rate analyses were used to explore the dispersal and diversification history of the group. We used an extensive dataset on wing morphology and range distributions to test for correlations between evolutionary age of species and dispersal capacity, diversification and distribution, while accounting for phylogenetic non‐independence.ResultsThe core Campephagidae represents an ecologically homogeneous radiation distributed across the Indo‐Pacific, Australia, Southeast Asia and Africa. Its members represent a continuum of dispersal abilities; some species are widespread and undifferentiated (‘supertramps’) or show strong differentiation of local populations (‘great speciators’), and a few are endemic to single islands (relicts). We show that older species relative to younger species inhabit fewer and larger islands at higher elevations. The level of intraspecific variation measured as the number of subspecies also decreases with species age, and is highest in ‘great speciators’ with intermediate levels of dispersal abilities (as per hand‐wing index).Main conclusionsBased on trait correlations with species age, we infer phases of range expansion and contraction over millions of years (taxon cycles), within a single monophyletic group of birds. These observations demonstrate reconciliation of the concepts of ‘supertramps’, ‘great speciators’ and relictual palaeoendemics within the temporal stages of the taxon cycle.
Down‐regulation of TFAM increases the sensitivity of tumour cells to radiation via p53/TIGAR signalling pathway
Authors: Jiang Xu , Wang Jun 
Published: May 2019

AbstractMitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) is a key regulator of mitochondria biogenesis. Previous studies confirmed that reduced TFAM expression sensitized tumours cells to chemical therapy reagents and ionizing irradiation (IR). However, the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. In this study, we identified that decreased expression of TFAM impaired the proliferation of tumour cells by inducing G1/S phase arrest and reducing the expression of E2F1, phospo‐Rb, PCNA and TK1. Furthermore, we proved that knockdown of TFAM enhanced the interaction between p53 and MDM2, resulting in decreased expression of p53 and the downstream target TIGAR, and thus leading to elevated level of mitochondrial superoxide and DNA double‐strand break (DSB) which were exacerbated when treated the cell with ionizing radiation. Those indicated that knockdown of TFAM could aggravate radiation induced DSB levels through affecting the production of mitochondria derived reactive oxygen species. Our current work proposed a new mechanism that TFAM through p53/TIGAR signalling to regulate the sensitivity of tumour cells to ionizing radiation. This indicated that TFAM might be a potential target for increasing the sensitization of cancer cells to radiotherapy.
Measuring Quality in Home Healthcare
Authors: Dick Andrew W. , Murray Meghan T. , Chastain Ashley M. , Madigan Elizabeth A. , Sorbero Mark , Stone Patricia W. , Shang Jingjing 
Published: May 2019

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVESImproving quality performance in home health is an increasingly high priority. The objective of this study was to examine trends in industry performance over time using three quality measures: a composite quality metric (Q index), an infection prevention measure (vaccination verification), and an outcome measure (hospital avoidance).DESIGN/SETTING/PARTICIPANTS/MEASURESWe linked Home Health Compare and Provider of Services data from 2012 to 2016, which included 39 211 observations during the 5‐year study period and 7670 agencies in 2016. The Q index was developed to allow comparability over time, equally weighting the contributions of each element. After examining summary statistics, we developed three regression models stratified by ownership (for‐profit/nonprofit agency) and included two constructs of nurse staffing, in addition to controlling for known confounders.RESULTSMost agencies (80.4%) were for‐profit agencies. The Q index and vaccination verification improved substantially over time, but there was no change in hospital avoidance. Ownership status was associated with all three measures (P < .001). Registered nurse staffing (relative to licensed practical nurses and home health aides) was associated with higher Q index and vaccination verification (P < .001).CONCLUSIONThe Q index allows for assessment of trends over time in home healthcare. Ownership and nurse staffing are important factors in the quality of care. The overall home care market is driven by for‐profit agencies, but their characteristics and outcomes differ from nonprofit agencies. J Am Geriatr Soc 67:1859–1865, 2019
Successful use of fetoscopic laser surgery as treatment for a monochorionic‐triamniotic triplet pregnancy complicated by twin‐reversed arterial perfusion sequence and severe selective fetal growth restriction: A case report
Authors: Takano Mayumi , Nakata Masahiko , Rikitake Takayuki , Nagasaki Sumito , Hayata Eijiro , Morita Mineto 
Published: May 2019

AbstractMonochorionic triplet pregnancy is a rare condition, and twin‐reversed arterial perfusion (TRAP) sequence and severe selective fetal growth restriction (FGR) are associated with high perinatal morbidity and mortality rates. We report a case of TRAP sequence and selective FGR typeIIconcurrently complicating a monochorionic triplet pregnancy. Fetoscopic laser surgery (FLS) was performed at 16 + 1 weeks of gestation and was technically successful. Inter‐fetus placental anastomoses were coagulated. The pregnancy continued until 28 + 4 weeks of gestation, when the patient presented with preterm rupture of membranes and preterm labor. Two live female newborns were delivered by a cesarean section, and their postnatal course of the neonates was uneventful and in accordance with their gestational age at birth. To our knowledge, this is the first case report of FLS resulting in favorable outcomes for a monochorionic triplet pregnancy concurrently complicated with TRAP sequence and selective FGR type II.
Intersectional Consciousness in Collective Victim Beliefs: Perceived Intragroup Differences Among Disadvantaged Groups
Authors: Nair Rashmi , Vollhardt Johanna Ray 
Published: May 2019

Although our experiences are shaped by multiple social identities such as race, class, and gender, most research has focused on single‐identity groups (e.g., race). This includes research on collective victimization, which assumes that violence impacts group members uniformly. Conversely, work on intersectional consciousness examines awareness of how multiple social identities intersect and create within‐group differences. Integrating and expanding the research on intersectional consciousness and on collective victimhood, this article investigates perceived intragroup differences in experiences of victimization stemming from intersecting identities of gender and class among two disadvantaged groups in the understudied context of India. We conducted individual interviews (N = 33) and focus groups (K = 12; N = 66) among Muslims and Dalits (lower‐caste Hindus). Thematic analysis revealed that—even though ingroup cohesion (i.e., intragroup similarity) is often enhanced by external threat— people expressed awareness of intragroup differences in experiences of victimization in three distinct ways: highlighting relative privilege, engaging in competitive victimhood, or describing qualitative differences. We discuss the implications for conflict and solidarity within minority groups in the context of political developments in India, where there have been attempts to polarize intragroup divisions.
Balancing experimentalist and hierarchical governance in European Union electricity and telecommunications regulation: A matter of degrees
Authors: Mathieu Emmanuelle , Rangoni Bernardo 
Published: May 2019

AbstractWhile the widespread diffusion of experimentalism across sectors and polities is well documented, less is known about the extent of the shift to this non‐hierarchical form of governance, which continues to coexist with traditional hierarchical governance and involves more inclusive rulemaking and revision based on review of alternative implementation experiences. By comparing and process‐tracing electricity and telecommunications regulation in the European Union, we find diversity in experimentalism over time and across two sectors often considered similar. We explain varying degrees of experimentalism with strategic uncertainty and the constellation of preferences, which we label “de facto polyarchy.” Thus, we confirm the emphasis on uncertainty documented in the experimentalist literature, while addressing a conventional critique by also highlighting the relevance of “politics.” Moreover, while corroborating the common spread of experimentalism, we suggest that an analytical framework based on ideal types offers the best route forward to develop comparative analysis of experimentalism and non‐hierarchical forms of governance more broadly.
A document analysis of how the concept of health is incorporated in care plans when using the nursing diagnosis classification system (NANDA‐I) in relation to individuals with bipolar disorder
Authors: Rubensson Anton , Salzmann‐Erikson Martin 
Published: May 2019

IntroductionNursing diagnosis classification systems have been developed to help nurses identify problems and patient needs. However, the question of how classification systems have adopted the concept of health has been given little attention.AimThe aim was to explore and analyse which perspectives on health are incorporated into the NANDA‐I‐based care plans of individuals with bipolar disorder.MethodsA document analysis was used to systematically review and analyse care plans based on nursing diagnosis classification system. Thematic analysis was used as an analytic tool. Findings: The results are presented in three themes: (i) health as strengths; (ii) health as satisfaction; and (iii) health as behaviour and functionality.DiscussionWe discuss how health is deeply embedded in nursing diagnosis classification system‐based care plans. The care plans correspond to the holistic perspective, as they acknowledge the existence of health even during illness. Further, health is viewed as nonstatic and discussed from the perspective of person‐centred care.
Epistemological and other injustices
Authors: Saegert Susan 
Published: May 2019

AbstractPeople of color struggle within academia and in the streets for recognition, freedoms, and life itself. I write this paper in response to a real incident in my department that left me in real doubt about how scholarship, research, and the academy affect that state of affairs. I begin by trying to understand how the ways psychologists understand difference might be epistemologically unjust. Critical Social and Personality Psychology offers a clear indictment of the wrongs done by psychology to the representation of people of color and perhaps more harmfully, the remedies to their clearly disadvantaged situations. When people come together across identities to work against these distortions and harms, conflicts still arise within the alliance. That is the focus of this paper. Pragmatism proves a resource in these circumstances. It adds to Critical Social and Personality Psychology by understanding identity as not only relational but also mutable and multiple. Pragmatism emphasizes the truth claims of broad inclusion and epistemological justice as well as the moral claims. Pragmatists treat these two as inevitably intertwined. This paper explores how pragmatists of color and women address key issues of the behavior, social practices, modes of thought, and challenges of inequalities they/we face. These thinkers have observed that being dominated produces both the epistemological strengths of “double consciousness” and brute vulnerability in the struggle over material and conceptual ownership of the geographies of bodies, public spaces, homes, communities, and even nations and continents. The implications for pragmatist ways of knowing and acting are then considered.