bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
L’intelligence artificielle des marchés : comment les systèmes de recommandation modélisent et mobilisent les consommateurs
Authors: Vayre Jean-Sébastien , Cochoy Franck 
Published: August 2019

Cet article aborde un type particulier d’outils d’automatisation des enquêtes sur les consommateurs : les systèmes ou agents de recommandation. L’étude de ce cas particulier permet de mieux comprendre comment ont pu évoluer, au cours du temps, d’une part les systèmes d’automatisation des enquêtes sur les consommateurs et, d’autre part, les enjeux contemporains qui sont liés au déploiement des innovations réalisées dans ce domaine. L’article montre d’abord que l’automatisation actuelle des enquêtes sur les consommateurs se fonde sur l’avènement d’un nouveau régime cognitif qui repose sur la captation et l’exploitation de l’attention des consommateurs. Il présente ensuite les techniques d’intelligence artificielle mises en œuvre pour mobiliser les consommateurs. Il examine enfin les problèmes que soulèvent ces technologies, mais aussi quelques pistes susceptibles d’aider à les surmonter.
Preparing Future Nurse Educators to Teach in the Online Environment
Authors: Matthias April D. , Gazza Elizabeth A. , Triplett Amanda 
Published: August 2019

Background:With the proliferation of online courses in nursing education and professional staff development, future nurse educators must be prepared to teach online. The purpose of this article is to present an educational innovation created and evaluated to prepare future nurse educators to develop, design, and deliver an online learning module for distance education.Method:A combination of instructional scaffolding and applied learning was used to teach nurse educator students how to facilitate learning in an online module.Results:Analyses of student assignment scores, student reflections, and faculty observations demonstrated the instructional strategies were effective to prepare students to develop, design, and deliver education online.Conclusion:Instructional scaffolding and applied learning enhances student engagement and effectively prepares nurse educator students to teach online. The strategies are easily adaptable to diverse academic and professional development settings and various learning management systems.[J Nurs Educ.2019;58(8):488–491.]
Clustered Mutations at the Murine and Human IgH Locus Exhibit Significant Linkage Consistent with Templated Mutagenesis
Authors: Dale Gordon A. , Wilkins Daniel J. , Bohannon Caitlin D. , Dilernia Dario , Hunter Eric , Bedford Trevor , Antia Rustom , Sanz Ignacio , Jacob Joshy 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Somatic hypermutation generates a myriad of Ab mutants in Ag-specific B cells, from which high-affinity mutants are selected. Chickens, sheep, and rabbits use nontemplated point mutations and templated mutations via gene conversion to diversify their expressed Ig loci, whereas mice and humans rely solely on untemplated somatic point mutations. In this study, we demonstrate that, in addition to untemplated point mutations, templated mutagenesis readily occurs at the murine and human Ig loci. We provide two distinct lines of evidence that are not explained by the Neuberger model of somatic hypermutation: 1) across multiple data sets there is significant linkage disequilibrium between individual mutations, especially among close mutations, and 2) among those mutations, those &lt;8 bp apart are significantly more likely to match microhomologous regions in the IgHV repertoire than predicted by the mutation profiles of somatic hypermutation. Together, this supports the role of templated mutagenesis during somatic diversification of Ag-activated B cells.
Experiences of auxiliary nursing trainees of poverty alleviation programme regarding nursing and nursing profession in Vhembe District, Limpopo Province
Authors: Maputle Maria S. , Baloyi Florance N. , Nemathaga Livhuwani H. 
Published: August 2019

Background: The Limpopo Department of Health and Social Development introduced a system to train children from poor families as auxiliary nurses as a poverty alleviation strategy in 2003. The programme targeted the needy families, those who depended on social grants, orphaned or child-headed families. The programme has been implemented for more than 10 years and the experiences of trainees were never explored.Objectives: The purpose of this study was to explore the experiences of auxiliary nurse trainees of the poverty alleviation programme regarding nursing and the nursing profession.Methods: A qualitative approach was used. Purposive sampling was used to sample 15 auxiliary nurses who were trained under poverty alleviation programme in four of the seven hospitals of Vhembe District. Data were collected through in-depth individual interviews. One central question ‘As a beneficiary of poverty alleviation programme, could you describe your experiences of training as a nurse and of the nursing profession in this hospital’. Data were collected until no new information emerged. Note taking and a voice recording was performed to capture all the information reported by the participants. Open coding method was used to analyse data.Results: Two themes emerged, namely experiences of being a nurse and about nursing as a profession, and interpersonal relationships between auxiliary nurses and the ward staff.Conclusions: The Department of Health in Limpopo Province was commended and to be encouraged to develop other programmes as poverty alleviation strategy for other government departments, so that the affected children can have a wider career choice. The managers and supervisors in the wards to have moral and legal obligations to support initiatives that foster effective mentoring of neophyte nurses in the nursing profession.
Separating the role of direct radiative heating and photolysis in modulating the atmospheric response to the amplitude of the 11-year solar cycle forcing
Authors: Bednarz Ewa M. , Maycock Amanda C. , Braesicke Peter , Telford Paul J. , Abraham N. Luke , Pyle John A. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract. The atmospheric response to the 11-year solar cycle is separated into the
contributions from changes in direct radiative heating and photolysis rates
using specially designed sensitivity simulations with the UM-UKCA (Unified
Model coupled to the United Kingdom Chemistry and
Aerosol model) chemistry–climate model. We perform a number of idealised time-slice
experiments under perpetual solar maximum (SMAX) and minimum conditions
(SMIN), and we find that contributions from changes in direct heating and
photolysis rates are both important for determining the stratospheric
shortwave heating, temperature and ozone responses to the amplitude of the
11-year solar cycle. The combined effects of the processes are found to be
largely additive in the tropics but nonadditive in the Southern Hemisphere
(SH) high latitudes during the dynamically active season. Our results
indicate that, in contrast to the original mechanism proposed in the
literature, the solar-induced changes in the horizontal shortwave heating
rate gradients not only in autumn/early winter but throughout the
dynamically active season are important for modulating the dynamical
response to changes in solar forcing. In spring, these gradients are
strongly influenced by the shortwave heating anomalies at higher southern
latitudes, which are closely linked to the concurrent changes in ozone. In
addition, our simulations indicate differences in the winter SH dynamical
responses between the experiments. We suggest a couple of potential drivers
of the simulated differences, i.e. the role of enhanced zonally asymmetric
ozone heating brought about by the increased solar-induced ozone levels
under SMAX and/or sensitivity of the polar dynamical response to the
altitude of the anomalous radiative tendencies. All in all, our results
suggest that solar-induced changes in ozone, both in the
tropics/mid-latitudes and the polar regions, are important for modulating
the SH dynamical response to the 11-year solar cycle. In addition, the
markedly nonadditive character of the SH polar vortex response simulated in
austral spring highlights the need for consistent model implementation of
the solar cycle forcing in both the radiative heating and photolysis
schemes.
Technical note: Stochastic simulation of streamflow time series using phase randomization
Authors: Brunner Manuela I. , Bárdossy András , Furrer Reinhard 
Published: August 2019

Abstract. Stochastically generated streamflow time series are widely used in water resource planning and management. Such series represent sets of plausible yet unobserved streamflow realizations which should reproduce the main characteristics of observed data. These characteristics include the distribution of daily streamflow values and their temporal correlation as expressed by short- and long-range dependence. Existing streamflow generation approaches have mainly focused on the time domain, even though simulation in the frequency domain provides good properties. These properties comprise the simulation of both short- and long-range dependence as well as extension to multiple sites. Simulation in the frequency domain is based on the randomization of the phases of the Fourier transformation. We here combine phase randomization simulation with a flexible, four-parameter kappa distribution, which allows for the extrapolation to as yet unobserved low and high flows. The simulation approach consists of seven steps: (1) fitting the theoretical kappa distribution,
(2) normalization and deseasonalization of the marginal distribution,
(3) Fourier transformation, (4) random phase generation, (5) inverse Fourier transformation, (6) back transformation, and (7) simulation. The simulation approach is applicable to both individual and multiple sites. It was applied to and validated on a set of four catchments in Switzerland. Our results show that the stochastic streamflow generator based on phase randomization produces realistic streamflow time series with respect to distributional properties and temporal correlation. However, cross-correlation among sites was in some cases found to be underestimated. The approach can be recommended as a flexible tool for various applications such as the dimensioning of reservoirs or the assessment of drought persistence. Highlights.
Stochastic simulation of streamflow time series for individual and multiple sites by combining phase randomization and the kappa distribution. Simulated time series reproduce temporal correlation, seasonal distributions, and extremes of observed time series. Simulation procedure suitable for use in water resource planning and management.
Seasonal and regional variations of sinking in the subpolar North Atlantic from a high-resolution ocean model
Authors: Sayol Juan-Manuel , Dijkstra Henk , Katsman Caroline 
Published: August 2019

Abstract. Previous studies have indicated that most of the net sinking associated with the downward branch of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) must occur near the subpolar North Atlantic boundaries. In this work we have used monthly mean fields of a high-resolution ocean model (0.1∘ at the Equator) to quantify this sinking. To this end we have calculated the Eulerian net vertical transport (W∑) from the modeled vertical velocities, its seasonal variability, and its spatial distribution under repeated climatological atmospheric forcing conditions. Based on this simulation, we find that for the whole subpolar North Atlantic W∑ peaks at about −14 Sv at a depth of 1139 m, matching both the mean depth and the magnitude of the meridional transport of the AMOC at 45∘ N. It displays a seasonal variability of around 10 Sv. Three sinking regimes are identified according to the characteristics of the accumulated W∑ with respect to the distance to the shelf: one within the first 90 km and onto the bathymetric slope at around the peak of the boundary current speed (regime I), the second between 90 and 250 km covering the remainder of the shelf where mesoscale eddies exchange properties (momentum, heat, mass) between the interior and the boundary (regime II), and the third at larger distances from the shelf where W∑ is mostly driven by the ocean's interior eddies (regime III). Regimes I and II accumulate ∼90 % of the total sinking and display smaller seasonal changes and spatial variability than regime III. We find that such a distinction in regimes is also useful to describe the characteristics of W∑ in marginal seas located far from the overflow areas, although the regime boundaries can shift a few tens of kilometers inshore or offshore depending on the bathymetric slope and shelf width of each marginal sea. The largest contributions to the sinking come from the Labrador Sea, the Newfoundland region, and the overflow regions. The magnitude, seasonal variability, and depth at which W∑ peaks vary for each region, thus revealing a complex picture of sinking in the subpolar North Atlantic.
Theory – Practice Gap: Challenges Experienced by Nursing Students at the Satellite Campus of a Higher Education Institution in Namibia
Authors: Saara Kertu Hatupopi , Nuuyoma Vistolina 
Published: August 2019

Background: Theory practice gap is the discrepancies found between what students learn in the formal classroom setting and what they experience in the clinical settings. Observations reveal that nursing as practised is task-centred and students rarely get involved in anything approaching the total care of individual patients, thus leading to theory-practice gap.Objectives: The study explored and described the challenges faced by Bachelor of Nursing (clinical) honours students when integrating theory into practice in the clinical settings.Method: The study, which was granted ethical clearances from two institutions, drew on an exploratory phenomenology methodology to gather data from ten nursing students registered at a satellite campus. The participants were purposively selected with data collected via focus group interviews. Thereafter, data were transcribed verbatim and analysed using content analysis. The study data collection and analysis adhered to ethical principles and quality measures in order to ensure credibility, transferability, dependability and confirmability. Results: Nursing students experience challenges in integrating theory and practice. These challenges are grouped into four themes; theory verses practice, limited resources in clinical settings, discriminatory attitudes and communication barriers.Conclusion: Nursing students appreciated accompaniment and supervision by nurse educators. However, the accompaniment’s impact on learning may be undermined through the students’ limited exposure to clinical cases. Therefore, long-term strategies are recommended for effective integration of theory with practice.
Políticas públicas en torno a los ex Centros Clandestinos de Detención Tortura y Extermino de Argentina: aproximaciones a partir de un estudio de caso
Authors: Garbero Vanesa 
Published: August 2019

La meta de este artículo es reconstruir el conflictivo proceso de transformación del ex Centro Clandestino de Detención Tortura y Exterminio Campo de la Ribera en un Espacio para la Memoria, Promoción y Defensa de los Derechos Humanos, entre los años inmediatamente anteriores al retorno de la democracia en 1983 y su apertura al público en 2010. Con este propósito se retoman las políticas públicas e iniciativas de actores nacionales, provinciales y locales que intervinieron para imponer en el sitio determinadas representaciones del pasado y prácticas conmemorativas específicas. La investigación muestra el proceso de lucha social, política y simbólica de constitución de los espacios de memoria en los mismos lugares que se produjo la violación sistemática de derechos humanos, las dificultades de nombrarlos y reconocerlos como tales y la importancia del espacio como anclaje y soporte material de las disputas por el sentido del pasado reciente. Palabras clave: Centro Clandestino de Detención, Tortura y Exterminio Campo de la Ribera. Políticas Públicas. Espacios de Memoria. Procesos de Resignificación. Memoria Social.
Clinical and Genetic Findings in Patients With Palmoplantar Keratoderma
Authors: Gram Stine Bjørn , Brusgaard Klaus , Lei Ulrikke , Sommerlund Mette , Vinding Gabrielle Randskov , Sleire Sondre Olai Kjellevold , Christensen Alex Hørby , Fast Sanne Pedersen , Bach Rasmus , Bygum Anette , Ousager Lilian Bomme 
Published: December 2024

ImportancePalmoplantar keratoderma poses diagnostic challenges due to its clinical and genetic heterogeneity, and knowledge on the value of systematic genetic testing on clinically well-described patient cohorts is sparse.ObjectiveTo improve knowledge of the clinical and genetic spectrum of patients with palmoplantar keratoderma.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cohort study prospectively recruited patients and affected family members with palmoplantar keratoderma between September 1, 2016, and December 31, 2022. Patients were recruited from private practitioners in dermatology and dermatology departments in Denmark. Study participants were patients 18 years or older either newly diagnosed with palmoplantar keratoderma or being followed up for the disease at referral centers.Main Outcomes and MeasuresPhenotypes and clinical subtypes were classified. Genetic testing was performed by whole-exome or genome sequencing using an in silico panel containing genes related to palmoplantar keratoderma, or by Sanger sequencing for specific variants. Descriptive analysis, such as proportions and frequency, were used to describe clinical characteristics, distribution of disease-causing variants, and genotype-phenotype associations.ResultsThis study included 142 study participants from 76 families (90 [63%] female; median [range] age, 52 [18-92] years). Clinical subtypes included 42 punctate (55%), 26 diffuse (34%), 5 focal (7%), and 3 striate (4%). A genetic diagnosis was found in 63 of 76 families (83%), including 27 disease-causing variants within 13 different genes: AAGAB (n = 39), DSG1 (n = 8), KRT1 (n = 3), DSP (n = 2), KRT9 (n = 2), AQP5 (n = 2), KRT16 (n = 1), SERPINA12 (n = 1), ABCA12 (n = 1), COL7A1 (n = 1), CARD14 (n = 1), DST (n = 1), and LORICRIN (n = 1). All participants with AAGAB variants presented with punctate palmoplantar keratoderma, showing a clear genotype-phenotype correlation. The other subtypes (diffuse, focal, and striate) proved more challenging to clinically subclassify, and disease-causing variants were identified in 12 genes, contributing to more complex genotype-phenotype patterns. Patients with palmoplantar keratoderma due to DSP variants were found, which is important to identify because of an associated risk of cardiomyopathy.Conclusion and RelevanceThis study provides novel insights into the clinical and genetic spectrum of patients with palmoplantar keratoderma. It demonstrates the value of genetic testing for accurate diagnoses and to distinguish between different subtypes. The established and well-described cohort lays the foundation for future research in palmoplantar keratoderma.
Engineering the Microstructure and Spatial Bioactivity of MAP Scaffolds Instructs Vasculogenesis In Vitro and Modifies Vessel Formation In Vivo
Authors: Anderson Alexa R. , Caston Eleanor L. P. , Riley Lindsay , Nguyen Long , Ntekoumes Dimitris , Gerecht Sharon , Segura Tatiana 
Published: December 2024

AbstractIn tissues where the vasculature is either lacking or abnormal, biomaterials can be designed to promote vessel formation and enhance tissue repair. In this work, the microstructure and bioactivity of microporous annealed particle (MAP) scaffolds are independently tuned to guide cell growth in 3D and promote de novo assembly of endothelial progenitor‐like cells into vessels. Both in silico characterization and in vitro experimentation are implemented to elucidate an optimal scaffold formulation for vasculogenesis. It is determined that MAP scaffolds with pore volumes on the same order of magnitude as cells facilitate cell growth and vacuole formation. Spatial control over cell spreading is achieved by incorporating adhesive microgels in well‐mixed, heterogeneous MAP scaffolds. While it is demonstrated that integrin engagement is the primary driver of network formation in these materials, introducing adhesive microgels loaded with heparin nanoparticles leads to the formation of vascular tubes after 3 days in culture. It is then shown in vivo that this unique scaffold formulation enhances vessel maturation in a wound‐healing model and instructs differential vascular development in the tumor microenvironment. Taken together, this work determines the optimal microstructure and ligand presentation within MAP scaffolds that leads to vascular constructs in vitro and facilitates vessel formation in vivo.
An Oral Nanovaccine Secreted by Genetically Engineered and Ultrasound‐Responsive Bacteria for Colon Cancer Immunotherapy
Authors: Li Jiexin , Yang Ruiqi , Yuan Yihang , Ren He , Fang Chao , Lovell Jonathan F , Zhang Yumiao 
Published: December 2024

AbstractColorectal cancers represent a major global morbidity and mortality burden, neccessitating improved treatment paradigms. In this work, an ingestible, genetically engineered Escherichia coli (E. coli) 1917 termed “E. coli (AH1‐CDA‐Co1)” is designed that upon ultrasound exposure secretes bacterial outer membrane vesicles (OMV) incorporating the AH1 tumor rejection epitope, an enzyme producing the stimulator of interferon genes (STING) agonist CDA, and the microfold cell‐targeting peptide Co1. For oral administration, a polydopamine system (iPDA) coating on bacteria is exploited to resist the acidic condition in stomach, increase the bacterial survival, and prolong the intestinal transit time. Upon harmless ultrasound exposure, sustained secretion of engineered OMV vaccines is triggered that efficiently cross the intestinal epithelium. Both cyclic GMP–AMP synthase (cGAS)‐STING and TLR4 innate immune signaling pathways are activated, triggering long‐term antigen‐specific immune responses that overcome the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. In subcutaneous and orthotopic murine colorectal tumor models, the E. coli (AH1‐CDA‐Co1)@iPDA system inhibits tumor growth and prolongs survival without recurrence. E. coli (AH1‐CDA‐Co1)@iPDA also inhibits tumor growth and recurrence in a postoperative orthotopic colonrectal tumor model of lymph node metastases. Taken together, E. coli (AH1‐CDA‐Co1)@iPDA demonstrates a potent oral vaccine system for improved colon cancer immunotherapy.