bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Multimodal Ensembles on Audio-Visual Comprehension: Implementing Vodcasts in EFL Contexts
Authors: Norte Fernández-Pacheco Natalia 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
The ever increasing worldwide use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) over the last decade, has not only contributed to the way people interact with each other, but also to how languages are taught and learnt. Language digital materials such as vodcasts bring together, in an innovative, attractive and motivating manner, diverse modes of communication which promote a multimodal approach of learning. This article explores the use of multimodal ensembles  in audio-visual language learning materials designed to enhance students’ comprehension. This mixed methods (qualitative and quantitative) study, comprised a multimodal analysis of two language learning vodcasts from the British Council, using ELAN as the main multimodal annotation tool. The data obtained from the multimodal transcription was relevant to describe the different orchestrations of modes contained in both vodcasts. From this data, two comprehension tests, based on the ensembles found, were developed to check how each ensemble could benefit language students. The results confirmed that EFL students’ audio-visual comprehension improved when there was a greater number of orchestrated modes. These findings not only emphasise the potential of multimodal materials to improve foreign language comprehension, but also encourage teachers to adapt their methods to the pervasive digital era.
Optimization and simulation analysis of structure parameters of OPCM ultrasonic longitudinal wave actuating element
Authors: Wang Ziping , Ye Yangchun , Bao Zhujie , Ge Hao 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe force-electric coupling relationship of the mechanical and electrical properties of piezoelectric composites has been the main factor in the research and development of piezoelectric composites in practical application. A novel orthotropic piezoelectric composite material (OPCM) element is studied in this paper. The properties of the piezoelectric phase and the polymer phase and the influence of the geometrical dimensions of the OPCM on the longitudinal wave drive element are analyzed from the perspective of mechanics and electric power, respectively, and the structural design is optimized. This provides a theoretical basis for the development of OPCM and of new longitudinal ultrasonic phased array actuators.
Subordinativ vs. koordinativ.
Authors: Christiansen Mads 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThis article addresses (expanded) prenominal adjectival/participial attributes in modern German and modern Danish. Generally, German is considered more expandable in the prenominal position compared to Danish. However, this topic has never been studied sufficiently on an empirical basis. The article begins by giving a brief comparative survey of the structure of the NP in the respective languages. This is followed by a presentation of the corpus of the study, which consists of prose texts (newspaper articles). An important result of the analysis is that in German, the NP middle field frequently comprises subordinate structures, whereas in Danish, it more often comprises coordinate structures. This contrast is explained by different configurations of linguistic features (gender and number) that are conducive to framing constructions (Ronneberger-Sibold 2010ab).
Abilities, knowledge requirements and national tests in RE – The Swedish case as an example in the outcome-focused school and society of today
Authors: Osbeck Christina , Franck Olof , Lilja Annika , Sporre Karin , Tykesson Johan 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
The aim of this article is to present the system that governs Swedish RE in terms of curricular requirements, national tests and their outcomes, and discuss this in light of the current critical debate on an outcome-focused school, as well as the debate on the need for ‘powerful knowledge’. The debate on educational achievements and measurements can be seen from different angles. On the one hand, there are reasons to take the criticisms seriously, for instance concerning how such a focus tends to instrumentalise and superficialise knowledge and education. On the other hand, from a societal perspective, one has to ensure that all students, through their education, have opportunities to develop powerful knowledge that helps to explain the world so that school can contribute to social justice. Against such a background, the Swedish system is described as a rather strongly steering system that regulates schools through curricula but also monitors them through national tests. Through a brief presentation of empirical findings from the EthiCo project, it is shown how this system in practice limits the students’ chances of acquiring a multidimensional ethical competence and instead highlights a one-dimensional argumentative competence. Such a teaching runs the risk of reducing rather than widening students’ ethical competence.
A Precision Statement for Fatigue of Solid Round Wire
Authors: Jerina K. L. , Mitchell M. R. 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
ASTM E2948, Standard Test Method for Conducting Rotating Bending Fatigue Tests of Solid Round Fine Wire, is a procedure for rotating bending fatigue tests of fine wire to obtain the fatigue strength for metallic materials at a specified life in the fatigue regime where the strains are predominately and nominally linear elastic. This method is limited to the fatigue testing of small diameter solid round wire subjected to constant amplitude, completely reversed, periodic strain. The methodology can be useful in assessing the effects of inclusions, melt technique, and cold work processing. Data obtained in accordance with ASTM E2948 is subject to variability because of many factors. An inter-laboratory study (ILS) was performed to assess variability of the data and to develop a precision statement for ASTM E2948. Ten laboratories participated in the ILS. The samples consisted of two materials, Nitinol and 35N LT. Each material was supplied from a single lot from a single manufacturer. Samples were tested at three different strain amplitudes with ten replicates at each strain level. Variability of the resulting data was quantified as reproducibility limits, between laboratory variability, and repeatability limits, within laboratory variability. A precision statement for ASTM E2948 was formulated based on the reproducibility and repeatability limits determined from the inter-laboratory study. The viability of the limits is assessed with Monte Carlo simulations. Alternative methods of analysis using nonparametric statistics and bootstrap methods are discussed.
Neuronal Correlations in MT and MST Impair Population Decoding of Opposite Directions of Random Dot Motion
Authors: Chaplin Tristan A. , Hagan Maureen A. , Allitt Benjamin J. , Lui Leo L. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe study of neuronal responses to random-dot motion patterns has provided some of the most valuable insights into how the activity of neurons is related to perception. In the opposite directions of motion paradigm, the motion signal strength is decreased by manipulating the coherence of random dot patterns to examine how well the activity of single neurons represents the direction of motion. To extend this paradigm to populations of neurons, studies have used modelling based on data from pairs of neurons, but several important questions require further investigation with larger neuronal datasets. We recorded neuronal populations in the middle temporal (MT) and medial superior temporal (MST) areas of anaesthetized marmosets with electrode arrays, while varying the coherence of random dot patterns in two opposite directions of motion (left and right). Using the spike rates of simultaneously recorded neurons, we decoded the direction of motion at each level of coherence with linear classifiers. We found that the presence of correlations had a detrimental effect to decoding performance, but that learning the correlation structure produced better decoding performance compared to decoders that ignored the correlation structure. We also found that reducing motion coherence increased neuronal correlations, but decoders did not need to be optimized for each coherence level. Finally, we showed that decoder weights depend of left-right selectivity at 100% coherence, rather than the preferred direction. These results have implications for understanding how the information encoded by populations of neurons is affected by correlations in spiking activity.
Activation of 5-HT1A Receptors Promotes Retinal Ganglion Cell Function by Inhibiting the cAMP-PKA Pathway to Modulate Presynaptic GABA Release in Chronic Glaucoma
Authors: Zhou Xujiao , Zhang Rong , Zhang Shenghai , Wu Jihong , Sun Xinghuai 
Published: December 2018

Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) receptor agonists are neuroprotective in CNS injury models. However, the neuroprotective functional implications and synaptic mechanism of 8-hydroxy-2- (di-n-propylamino) tetralin (8-OH-DPAT), a serotonin receptor (5-HT1A) agonist, in an adult male Wistar rat model of chronic glaucoma model remain unknown. We found that ocular hypertension decreased 5-HT1A receptor expression in rat retinas because the number of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) was significantly reduced in rats with induced ocular hypertension relative to that in control retinas and 8-OH-DPAT enhanced the RGC viability. The protective effects of 8-OH-DPAT were blocked by intravitreal administration of the selective 5-HT1A antagonist WAY-100635 or the selective GABAAreceptor antagonist SR95531. Using patch-clamp techniques, spontaneous and miniature GABAergic IPSCs (sIPSCs and mIPSCs, respectively) of RGCs in rat retinal slices were recorded. 8-OH-DPAT significantly increased the frequency and amplitude of GABAergic sIPSCs and mIPSCs in ON- and OFF-type RGCs. Among the signaling cascades mediated by the 5-HT1A receptor, the role of cAMP-protein kinase A (PKA) signaling was investigated. The 8-OH-DPAT-induced changes at the synaptic level were enhanced by PKA inhibition by H-89 and blocked by PKA activation with bucladesine. Furthermore, the density of phosphorylated PKA (p-PKA)/PKA was significantly increased in glaucomatous retinas and 8-OH-DPAT significantly decreased p-PKA/PKA expression, which led to the inhibition of PKA phosphorylation upon relieving neurotransmitter GABA release. These results showed that the activation of 5-HT1A receptors in retinas facilitated presynaptic GABA release functions by suppressing cAMP-PKA signaling and decreasing PKA phosphorylation, which could lead to the de-excitation of RGC circuits and suppress excitotoxic processes in glaucoma.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTWe found that serotonin (5-HT) receptors in the retina (5-HT1A receptors) were downregulated after intraocular pressure elevation. Patch-clamp recordings demonstrated differences in the frequencies of miniature GABAergic IPSCs (mIPSCs) in ON- and OFF-type retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and RGCs in normal and glaucomatous retinal slices. Therefore, phosphorylated protein kinase A (PKA) inhibition upon release of the neurotransmitter GABA was eliminated by 8-hydroxy-2- (di-n-propylamino) tetralin (8-OH-DPAT), which led to increased levels of GABAergic mIPSCs in ON- and OFF-type RGCs, thus enhancing RGC viability and function. These protective effects were blocked by the GABAAreceptor antagonist SR95531 or the 5-HT1A antagonist WAY-100635. This study identified a novel mechanism by which activation of 5-HT1A receptors protects damaged RGCs via the cAMP-PKA signaling pathway that modulates GABAergic presynaptic activity.
Attention Enhances the Efficacy of Communication in V1 Local Circuits
Authors: Hembrook-Short Jacqueline R. , Mock Vanessa L. , Usrey W. Martin , Briggs Farran 
Published: December 2018

Attention is a critical component of visual perception; however, the mechanisms of attention at the granular level are poorly understood. One possible mechanism by which attention modulates neuronal activity is to control the efficacy of communication between connected neurons; however, it is unclear whether attention alters communication efficacy across a variety of neuronal circuits. In parallel, attentional modulation of neuronal firing rate is not uniform but depends upon the match between neuronal feature selectivity and the feature required for successful task completion. Here we tested whether modulation of communication efficacy is a viable mechanism of attention by assessing whether it is consistent across a variety of neuronal circuits and dependent upon the type of information conveyed in each circuit. We identified monosynaptically connected pairs of V1 neurons through cross-correlation of neuronal spike trains recorded in adult female macaque monkeys performing attention-demanding contrast-change detection tasks. Attention toward the stimulus in the receptive field of recorded neurons significantly facilitated the efficacy of communication among connected pairs of V1 neurons. The amount of attentional enhancement depended upon neuronal physiology, with larger facilitation for circuits conveying information about task-relevant features. Furthermore, presynaptic activity was more determinant of attentional enhancement of communication efficacy than postsynaptic activity, and feedforward local circuits often displayed the largest facilitation with attention. Together, these findings highlight attentional modulation of communication efficacy as a generalized mechanism of attention and demonstrate that attentional modulation at the granular level depends on the relevance of feature-specific information conveyed by neuronal circuits.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTHow we pay attention to objects and locations in the visual environment has a profound impact on visual perception. Individual neurons in the visual cortex are similarly regulated by shifts in visual attention; however, the rules that govern whether and how attention alters neuronal activity are not known. In this study, we explored whether attention regulates communication between connected pairs of neurons in the primary visual cortex. We observed robust attentional facilitation of communication among these circuits. Furthermore, the extent to which the circuits were facilitated by attention depended on whether the information they conveyed was relevant for the particular attention task.
Findings of a nationwide survey of the diabetes education and training needs of midwives in the UK
Authors: Dashora Umesh , Huw Alban Davies , Bennett Shelley , Goodchild Anne , Hugason-Briem Julia , Johnson Gail , Kitt Abigail , Schreiner Annette , Todd Diane , Yiallorous Jennifer 
Published: December 2018

Introduction: The incidence and prevalence of diabetes is increasing in pregnant women. Midwives manage a substantial proportion of care of these women. Currently it is notknown whether midwives have sufficient competence in managing these patients well. The Diabetes Care Trust commissioned a survey to assess the diabetes education and training needs of midwives who look after pregnant women with diabetes.Material and methods: A freedom of information request was made to all the NHS Trusts in the UK to gather relevant information about the roles and responsibilities of midwives in thematernity units in the UK. This was followed by a Survey Monkey questionnaire to midwives in the UK who are members of the Royal College of Midwives to assess their education and training level, needs, desires and views preceded by a test survey on nine midwives.Results: The survey revealed considerable variation in the roles and responsibilities, current levels of training and education needs of midwives. Over 85% of midwives expressed a desire to access additional education on diabetes management in different areas. Training in insulin initiation and titration, management during labour and ability to contribute to the antenatal clinic was desired by over 85% of midwives surveyed. Conclusions: There is an unmet need for structured education and training programmes for midwives in the management of diabetes in pregnancy. We recommend further work in producing tailored and accredited training programmes at different levels to suit the differing needs of midwives and diabetes specialist midwives in the UK.
Uncoupling Sae2 Functions in Downregulation of Tel1 and Rad53 Signaling Activities
Authors: Colombo Chiara Vittoria , Menin Luca , Ranieri Riccardo , Bonetti Diego , Clerici Michela , Longhese Maria Pia 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
The Mre11-Rad50-Xrs2 (MRX) complex acts together with the Sae2 protein to initiate resection of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) and to regulate a checkpoint response that couples cell cycle progression with DSB repair. Sae2 supports resistance to DNA damage and downregulates the signaling activities of MRX, Tel1, and Rad53 checkpoint proteins at the sites of damage. How these functions are connected to each other is not known. Here, we describe the separation-of-function sae2-ms mutant that, similar to SAE2 deletion, upregulates MRX and Tel1 signaling activities at DSBs by reducing Mre11 endonuclease activity. However, unlike SAE2 deletion, Sae2-ms causes neither DNA damage sensitivity nor enhanced Rad53 activation, indicating that DNA damage resistance depends mainly on Sae2-mediated Rad53 inhibition. The lack of Sae2, but not the presence of Sae2-ms, impairs long-range resection and increases both Rad9 accumulation at DSBs and Rad53–Rad9 interaction independently of Mre11 nuclease activity. Altogether, these data lead to a model whereby Sae2 plays distinct functions in limiting MRX-Tel1 and Rad9 abundance at DSBs, with the control on Rad9 association playing the major role in supporting DNA damage resistance and in regulating long-range resection and checkpoint activation.
Irritábilisbél-szindróma: komorbid pszichiátriai zavarok és pszichológiai kezelési lehetőségek
Authors: Gajdos Panna , Rigó Adrien 
Published: December 2018

Abstract: Irritable bowel syndrome is a chronic functional gastrointestinal disorder with a prevalence of 7–21%. It has a negative impact on health-related quality of life and work productivity and it is associated with increased psychological distress and mental comorbidity, like major depression disorder and generalised anxiety disorder. Due to biopsychosocial factors and the brain-gut axis playing a key role in the aetiology of the disease, the use of psychological treatments has great importance in the therapy of irritable bowel syndrome. These interventions focus on central mechanisms, like visceral sensitivity, pain amplification, hypervigilance and gastrointestinal symptom-specific anxiety. They significantly reduce damaging illness-related cognitions, the use of maladaptive coping strategies, catastrophic appraisals of bodily sensations and chronic muscle tension. The utilization of these treatments is associated with clinically significant symptom improvement and positive mental health outcomes. This review study focuses on the psychiatric comorbidity of irritable bowel syndrome and the use of evidence-based psychological therapies in the treatment of the disease. Using ScienceDirect and PubMed databases, almost 60 studies have been selected. A high number of studies investigate the efficacy of cognitive behaviour therapy and hypnotherapy with meta-analyses included. There is also growing evidence on the beneficial impacts of mindfulness-based stress reduction. Future research will need to concentrate on studying the utility of mind-body therapies such as relaxation techniques in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome with meta-analyses on the effects of mindfulness-based interventions. Orv Hetil. 2018; 159(50): 2115–21121.
Intervertebral disc herniation in two coatis (Nasua nasua) and postoperative laminectomy membrane formation
Authors: Fehr Michael , Neßler Jasmin , Schütter Alexandra , Dziallas Peter , Molnár Viktor , Ludwig Carsten , Zabke Sarah , Lehmbecker Annika , Tipold Andrea , Meyerhoff Nina 
Published: December 2018

SummaryMagnetic resonance imaging revealed spinal cord compression due to intervertebral disc herniation of Hansen type I and II in the thoracolumbar vertebral column in two middle-aged coatis (Nasua nasua) with chronic progressive paraparesis. Surgical treatment included hemilaminectomy and partial corpectomy in one and dorsal laminectomy in the other coati. Both coatis recovered well after surgery. One showed unremarkable gait 6 and 15 months post surgery, while the other one suffered from recurrence of paraparesis leading to euthanasia because of deterioration of neurological signs 20 months after the first surgery. Necropsy revealed formation of a laminectomy membrane compressing the spinal cord. Histopathological signs of spinal cord injury and findings of degenerative processes in the intervertebral disc were comparable to those described in dogs. In conclusion, this case report shows for the first time that surgical intervention seems to be a useful and safe treatment in chronic intervertebral disc herniation in coatis, but relapses are possible.
Kitap Tanıtımı: Tefsîru Âyeti “Zahera’l-Fesâdu fi’l-Berri ve’l-Bahr”
Authors: BALTACI Burhan 
Published: December 2018

Saraybosna Gazi Hüsrev Kütüphanesi El Yazması
eserler 3655/2 nu.da vr. 51b-54a’da
kayıtlı Yazma Ayet Tefsiri isimli eser Rum suresi 30/41. ayetin tefsiridir.