bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spatial distribution of active and inactive rock glaciers and protalus ramparts in a sector of the Central Andes of Argentina
Authors: Villarroel C.D. , Forte A.P. 
Published: August 2019

Rock glaciers and protalus ramparts are two of the main morphological features of the Central Andes in the Province of San Juan, Argentina. This sector of the Andes has one of the highest densities of occurrence of rock glaciers in the world. In this region, which has semiarid climatic characteristics, the presence of these landforms is important due to their solid state water reserves and as water resource regulators. Their occurrence is vital in several basins where, due to the lack of glaciers, debris-covered glaciers and perennial snow patches, rock glaciers are the only solid-state water reserves. However, the topo-climatic factors controlling the development and evolution of rock glaciers and protalus ramparts are not well known, which prevents an integrated management of the basins. This contribution, first, analyzes the spatial distribution of active and inactive rock glaciers and of protalus ramparts with respect to different topographic variables in the upper section of the Santa Cruz River basin. In total, 375 landforms have been inventoried, out of which 83 are active rock glaciers, 81 are inactive and 211 are protalus ramparts, covering an area of 13.09 km2 (3.03 % of the total area). The active periglacial environment belt occurs between 4000 and 4200 m a.s.l. and slopes with a southwesterly aspect have a greater development of active rock glaciers. Secondly, the evolution of such landforms is addressed. While the development of protalus ramparts does not seem to be mainly controlled by the topographic variables analyzed, the evolution of protalus ramparts in rock glaciers would be mainly controlled by elevation and aspect. Besides, there are local topo-climatic factors that contribute to the development of such landforms.
Study of a chemotaxonomic marker able to identify the genus Aquilaria (Thymelaeaceae)
Authors: Andary Claude , Longepierre Damien , Le Cong Kiet , Hul Sovanmoly , Zaremski Alba , Michaloud Georges 
Published: August 2019

Le genre Aquilaria Lam. (Thymelaeaceae) comprend 21 espèces d’arbres (The Plant List, 2013) et se trouve principalement en Asie du Sud-Est. Lorsque l’arbre est infecté (champignons, bactéries), son bois devient brunâtre ou noirâtre (appelé bois d’agar) en raison de la sécrétion d’une oléorésine en réaction à l’infection. La résine est très parfumée et a été recherchée et utilisée pendant des siècles par les bouddhistes, les hindous et les musulmans pour faire de l’encens pour les cérémonies religieuses. Cette oléorésine se trouve principalement dans les espèces du genre Aquilaria, mais aussi dans quelques espèces des genres Gyrinops Gaertner et Gonystylus Teijsmann & Binnendijk. Il est difficile de faire la distinction entre ces espèces, et ce manque de connaissances taxonomiques a conduit à une surutilisation des arbres, mettant en danger ces espèces endémiques inscrites à l’Annexe II de la CITES. Nous avons utilisé la chimiotaxonomie comme outil de discrimination pour analyser les molécules polyphénoliques, métabolites secondaires, qui sont connus pour agir comme marqueurs taxonomiques dans d’autres plantes. En utilisant une technique d’analyse simple, efficace et peu coûteuse (chromatographie bidimensionnelle en couche mince), nous avons trouvé la même molécule polyphénolique dans les six espèces du genre Aquilaria étudiées, qui a été identifiée comme mangiférine par analyse colorimétrique et chromatographique en comparaison avec la mangiférine de contrôle. Au cours de ces analyses, nous avons trouvé une relation entre les genres Aquilaria et Gyrinops (botaniquement démontrée) par l’existence occasionnelle de mangiférine chez trois espèces du genre Gyrinops. Nous avons également constaté qu’un laps de temps de cent-quarante ans entre deux échantillons d’herbier de la même espèce n’avait pratiquement aucun effet sur la concentration de mangiférine dans la plante. Ces travaux ont montré les mérites de la chimiotaxonomie dans la recherche de marqueurs taxonomiques et l’originalité de l’analyse colorimétrique d’un métabolite de plante chromatographié en couche mince.
Une forte saisonnalité du climat et de la phénologie reproductive dans la forêt du Mayombe : l’apport des données historiques de la Réserve de Luki en République démocratique du Congo
Authors: Angoboy Ilondea Bhely , Beeckman Hans , Ouedraogo Dakis-Yaoba Ouedraogo , Bourland Nils , De Mil Tom , Van Den Bulcke Jan , Van Acker Joris , Couralet Camille , Ewango Corneille , Hubau Wannes , Toirambe Benjamin , Doucet Jean-Louis , Fayolle Adeline 
Published: August 2019

En Afrique, la phénologie reproductive des arbres tropicaux, majoritairement annuelle, semble présenter une certaine régularité. Cette étude documente les variations intra- et interannuelles de la phénologie reproductive des arbres de la forêt du Mayombe à partir des données historiques de la Réserve de Luki (République démocratique du Congo). Le diamètre de reproduction des espèces exploitées pour le bois, encore largement méconnu, a été également examiné pour les espèces suffisamment représentées dans les données. Le suivi phénologique de 3 642 arbres appartenant à 158 espèces et 39 familles a été réalisé tous les 10 jours de 1948 à 1957. Les statistiques circulaires ont été utilisées pour tester le synchronisme de la phénologie entre arbres, à l’échelle de la communauté, pour la forêt dans son ensemble, et individuellement pour 87 espèces, dont 35 espèces bien représentées (n ≥ 20 arbres), 16 espèces commerciales et 36 autres espèces. Des régressions logistiques ont permis de déterminer le diamètre de fructification (minimum et régulier) de ces espèces. Pour la majorité des espèces, la floraison était régulière, annuelle et largement saisonnière (81,6 %, 71 espèces). Les pics étaient plus marqués pour la floraison que pour la fructification, plus étalée dans le temps, bien que significativement agrégée temporellement. La majorité des arbres et des espèces fleurissaient entre décembre et février, pendant la petite saison sèche, bien que des fleurs et des fruits étaient observables toute l’année à l’échelle de la communauté. Seules 13 espèces ont montré une relation significative entre le diamètre et la reproduction, parmi lesquelles sept espèces de canopée, cinq de sous-bois et une héliophile. Pour ces espèces, la moyenne du diamètre minimum de reproduction était de 17,3 cm.
Some physical properties of delignified and compressed Melia dubia wood
Authors: Kumar Shailendra , Nautiyal Ismita , Shukla Shikhar 
Published: August 2019

Cette étude explore les effets de la délignification dans l’amélioration de quelques propriétés physiques du bois comprimé. Les billes de bois d’une plantation de six ans d’âge de Melia dubia (densité = 0,39 g/cm3) ont été délignifiées dans une solution alcaline de NaOH et Na2SO3 pendant 4 heures. Les billes de bois délignifiées ont été séchées jusqu’à contenir 12 % d’humidité, et comprimées à deux températures (120 °C et 150 °C) pendant 2 heures et 4 heures. Les améliorations dans la densité, la recouvrance de la compression (%) et la perte d’épaisseur (%) après la compression ont été observées et comparées avec des échantillons non délignifiés. La densité moyenne du bois délignifié et comprimé (DCW) était de 0,825 g/cm3 (SD = 0,109) ; pour le bois comprimé sans délignification (CW), la densité moyenne était de 0,889 g/cm3 (SD = 0,049). Ces densités diffèrent significativement : les échantillons de DCW ont montré une basse recouvrance de la compression (2,97 % à 5,22 %), tandis que, comparativement, les échantillons de bois CW ont montré une haute recouvrance de la compression (48,47 % à 38,05 %). La perte moyenne d’épaisseur (%) dans les échantillons de DCW a varié de 47,22 % à 52,26 %, et elle était approximativement de 10 % plus haute (58,77 % à 61,91 %) dans les échantillons de CW, sans délignification.
JENIS-JENIS TANAMAN DI LAHAN GARAPAN PETANI KPPH WANA MAKMUR DALAM TAHURA WAN ABDUL RACHMAN
Authors: Prasetyo Agung Dwi , Indriyanto Indriyanto , Riniarti Melya 
Published: August 2019

The increasing needs and the nearness residential distance from the forest were several factors that caused society to do the utilization of the forest land. Sungai Langka village was a village directly adjacent to the Wan Abdul Rachman great forest park area, where most societies were farmers who manage the land inside the Wan Abdul Rachman great forest park area. The objective of this research i.e.: 1) To find out the species of plants cultivated by farmers on the land-based on habitus, plant groups, and commodities produced; 2) to count the density of each plant group; 3) to find out the most plants as a source of farmers incomes. This research was conducted with a vegetation survey using the terraced line method. The number of sample plots used was 69 pieces measuring 20m x 20m, 10m x 10m, 5m x 5m, and 2m x 2m. The results of the study showed that there were 35 plants species on farmers cultivated land which is dominated by plants of the forest group MPTS with a density of 3,637.66 individuals/ha, forest wood plant 797,83 individuals/ha, agricultural MPTS 2,294.2 individuals/ha, and agricultural crops 1,533.34 individuals / ha. Therefore, could be concluded that most of the plants on arable land were fruit-producing plants which were partially included in the MPTS forest group plants, and farmers rely on crops such as cocoa, banana, durian, clove, nutmeg, rubber, petai, pepper and vanilla as the source of income and fulfill their needs.
SKRINING FITOKIMIA EKSTRAK METANOL, KLOROFORM DAN N-HEKSAN DAUN FLAMBOYAN
Authors: Tjitda Putra Jiwamurwa Pama , Nitbani Febri O. 
Published: August 2019

Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang skrining fitokimia pada ekstrak daun flamboyan (Delonix regia. Raf). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui senyawa metabolit sekunder pada ekstrak daun flamboyan meliputi flavonoid, alkaloid, saponin, tanin dan fenolik. Penelitian diawali dengan pembuatan ekstrak metanol, kloroform dan n-heksan daun flamboyan menggunakan metode maserasi. Masing-masing ekstrak selanjutnya dilakukan skrining fitokimia. Hasil skrining fitokimia menunjukkan semua ekstrak daun flamboyan mengandung flavonoid, alkaloid, tanin dan fenolik. Kandungan saponin tidak terdapat pada ekstrak kloroform dan n-heksan sedangkan hasil positif saponin terdapat pada ekstrak methanol daun flamboyan. Kata Kunci: Daun Flamboyan (delonix regia. Raf), Skrining Fitokimia, Metabolit Sekunder
Glycan from Macro Fungus
Authors: Pillai Thulasi G 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Glycan are fascinating biomolecules found abundantly in Nature. This precious compound has very high potential in various domains useful to mankind. Some Glycans are known to have anti tumor property. These biomolecules are less explored for their application potential. Glycan was isolated from a medicinal mushroom, a macro fungus known as Ganoderma lucidum. This fungus is well known for its therapeutic value and it is known as Reishi mushroom in Japan and China. The glycan from this fungus were isolated and the structural composition was studied. By trial and error we isolated the compound and structurally identified as beta glucan. Having great potential it is worthwhile to study this molecule.
A simple strategy based on fibers coated with surfactant-functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes to improve the properties of solid-phase microextraction of phenols in aqueous solution
Authors: zhou xueqing , Xie Yanli , Zhao Zhendong , Fu Wenyan 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
A functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT)-coated solid-phase microextraction (SPME) fiber was developed for concentrating analytes in aqueous samples. Sodium deoxycholate(NaDC) was used as a wrapping layer for non-covalent modification of MWCNTs. Non-covalent bonding between the MWCNTs and sodium deoxycholate changed the electrical and steric resistance of the MWCNTs, and improved their solubility and dispersibility. To investigate the capability of this MWCNTs/NaDC SPME fiber, it was applied to the analysis of phenols in aqueous solution. After extraction, the analytes were desorbed in an acetonitrile–water solution and analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography. The MWCNTs/NaDC fiber exhibited a response two to six times that of a commercial fiber for phenols. The hydrogen interactions with the analytes and the large surface area of the MWCNTs facilitated analyte adsorption with good selectivity and reproducibility. Under the optimum extraction conditions, the MWCNTs/NaDC fiber had a good linear range (1–100 ng/mL), repeatability for the extractions (relative standard deviation = 4.9%–7.1%, n = 3), low limits of detection (0.15–0.30 ng/mL), and satisfactory recoveries (80.3%–95.4%). This is an accurate and cost-effective pretreatment method.
Analysis of ternary mixture of anti-Parkinsonism drugs by capillary electrophoresis in pharmaceutical dosage forms
Authors: Talaat Wael , Ahmed Hytham , Salama Nahla 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
A simple CZE method was developed for the analysis of ternary anti-Parkinsonism mixture, levodopa, carbidopa and entacapone. The compounds were simply separated and measured using an untreated fused-silica capillary with 75 μm internal diameter and 85 cm total length, with effective length of 70 cm.. Background electrolyte composed of 20 mM phosphate buffer of pH 7.5 was used under an applied voltage of 15 kV. Photodiode array detector (PDA) was used to identify each compound at different wavelength to obtain high sensitivity. The present method was conducted to the analysis of the ternary mixture in pharmaceutical preparations. The analytical results proved the linearity (r2 ≥ 0.9995), accuracy, precision (% RSD < 2).
Relative position of the central hole after EVO-ICL implantation for moderate to high myopia
Authors: He Xiaojian , niu lingling , Miao Huamao , zhao feng , Zhou Xingtao 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background: This study aimed to evaluate the relative position of the central hole (CH) of Evolution Visian Implantable Collamer Lens (EVO-ICL), the pupil center (CP), and the corneal center (CC) after implantation of EVO-ICLs for moderate to high myopia.
Methods: Eighty-nine eyes of forty-nine patients with moderate to high myopia were evaluated. The mean preoperative spherical equivalent (SE) was -12.58 ± 4.13D. A routine postoperative follow-up was performed within 1–12 months. Positions of the CH of EVO-ICLs, the CP and the CC were recorded using a slit lamp anterior segment photography system, and their relative distances were calculated with the Visio image analysis software.
Results: All surgeries were performed safely, and no complications were observed in follow-ups after a mean 4.3 ± 4.82 months. At the last follow-up, the safety index (postoperative CDVA/preoperative CDVA) was 1.23 ± 0.48, and the efficacy index (postoperative UDVA/preoperative CDVA) was 1.08 ± 0.31. The CH in 85 eyes (95.51%) was superior to the CC, with 47.19% (42/89) on the temporal side and 48.31% (43/89) on the nasal side. The CH in 84 eyes (94.38%) was located on the temporal side of the CP, with 56.18% (50/89) superior and 38.2% (34/89) inferior to the CP. The CP of eighty-five eyes (95.51%) was superior on the nasal side of the CC. On the defined x-axis, the average distance from the CH to CC was significantly shorter than the average distance from the CP to CC (p < 0.001).
Conclusions: An imperfect mismatch between the central hole of EVO-ICLs and the pupil center does not necessarily indicate ICL dislocation. Compared to the pupil center, the position of the central hole of EVO-ICL is closer to the corneal center.
Evaluation of early degeneration of cartilage in patients with anterior cruciate ligament injuries: analysis using urine CTX-II biomarker
Authors: Nicolini Alexandre Pedro , Mansur Nacime Salomao B , Dreyfuss Juliana Luporini , Krob Joseph J , Ejnisman Benno , Cohen Moises , Astur Diego Costa 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background:Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture occurs predominantly in young patients. About 30% of individuals with this lesion will present with osteoarthritis within 20 years following the trauma, despite successful treatment. This can be explained by metabolic changes occurring concomitantly with the trauma that results in the injury to this ligament. Using analysis of biomarkers related to cartilage degeneration, we aimed to determine that soon after the trauma leading to ACL rupture there are intra-articular metabolic changes in the knee that could lead to cartilage degeneration. Methods:A cross-sectional study was carried out in two groups: patients with an ACL ruptures and a control group (each group with ten male subjects, age range 18 – 35 years, body mass index below 30 kg/m2). In both groups, urine concentrations of a biomarker related to degradation of type II collagen (CTX-II) was measured. For the group with ACL rupture, a temporal relationship between time post-injury and amount of the biomarker was also examined. Results:There were significant differences in the concentrations of urinary CTX-II between the ACL group and the control group (p = 0.009). No significant relationship was observed between time of injury and the quantity of the biomarker. Conclusions:Patients with ACL injury had higher concentrations of urinary CTX-II biomarker than those with no ACL injury (p = 0.009). However, there was no correlation between the concentration of this biomarker and the elapsed time post-injury (p > 0.05). Keywords: osteoarthritis; biomarkers, ACL injury, CTX-II
The relationship between seasonal influenza and telephone triage for fever: A population-based study in Osaka, Japan
Authors: Katayama Yusuke , Kiyohara Kosuke , Kitamura Tetsuhisa , Ishida Kenichiro , Hirose Tomoya , Matsuyama Tasuku , Kiguchi Takeyuki , Shimazu Takeshi 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background: Replacing traditional surveillance with syndromic surveillance is one of the major interests in public health. However, it is unclear whether the number of influenza patients is associated with the number of telephone triages in Japan.
Methods: This retrospective, observational study was conducted over the six-year period between January 2012 to December 2017. We used the dataset of a telephone triage service in Osaka, Japan and the data on influenza patients published from the Information Center of Infectious Disease in Osaka prefecture. Using a linear regression model, we calculated Spearman’s rank-order coefficient and R 2 of the regression model to assess the relationship between the number of telephone triages for fever and the number of influenza patients in Osaka. Furthermore, we calculated Spearman’s rank-order coefficient and R 2 between the predicted weekly number of influenza patients from the linear regression model and the actual weekly number of influenza patients for each season (January-March, April-June, July-September, October-December).
Results: There were 465,971 patients with influenza, and the number of telephone triages for fever was 420,928 among 1,065,628 total telephone triages during the study period. Our analysis showed that the Spearman rank-order coefficient was 0.932 and R 2 and adjusted R 2 were 0.869 and 0.842, respectively. The highest Spearman rank-order coefficient was 0.896 ( P <0.001) and R 2 was 0.803 in January-March ( P <0.001).
Conclusion: In this population, we revealed a positive relationship between the number of influenza patients and the number of telephone triages for fever, especially in January-March.
Potential teratogenecity risk and prescription drug use among pregnant women attending maternal and child health clinic of Kemisse General Hospital, Northeastern, Ethiopia
Authors: Alemu Belete Kassa , Wolle Nesredin Nigatu 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background

Drug use during pregnancy requires special consideration because both fetus and the mother are affected. Drug teratogenicity is most likely to occur when drugs are taken during first trimester of pregnancy when fetal organs are formed. In addition, drugs at second and third trimester may affect the growth and functional development of the fetus or have toxic effect on fetal tissues.

Objective

The objective of this study was to assess potential teratogenecity risk and drug use pattern in Kemisse General Hospital.

Methods

An institution based cross sectional study was conducted by reviewing a one year medical records (from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2011) of pregnant women attending maternal and child health clinic of the hospital. Systematic random sampling was employed to select a total of 263 pregnant women. Structured data abstraction format was used for collection of data and then data were coded, entered and analyzed by using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 23.

Result

A total of 263 medical records of pregnant women were reviewed, of which 234 pregnant women were prescribed with a total of 430 prescription drugs. The average numbers of drugs per pregnant women was found to be 1.84. Most pregnant women 166 (63.2%) were in the third trimester and more than half of them (51.3%) were multigravida. The maximum number of drugs were prescribed in the second trimester 162 (37.67%) followed by third trimester 143(33.26%). Supplemental drugs were the most widely used medications 297 (69.07%) and followed by 82 (19.1%) drugs from category B; 54 (12.6%) drugs from category C; and the rest 7 (1.6%) drugs from category D. There was no any drug from category X.

Conclusion

Approximately one third of the pregnant women encountered with drugs from category B, C and D. However, there were no FDA category C and D drugs prescribed in first trimester. There was no drug utilized by pregnant women from FDA pregnancy risk category X.
Outbreak of Infections Caused by Shigella ﬂexneri 2a with ESBL-Producing and Quinolone-Resistance in a Mental Healthcare Center in China
Authors: Lu Tiantian , Zhang Chuanling , Chen Yan , Guo Yuanyu 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
An outbreak of bacillary dysentery occurred in the Xiaoshan Mental Healthcare Center from November 8 to 16, 2012. Eight strains of Shigella flexneri 2a (S. flexneri 2a) were isolated from the same ward. The aim of the investigation was to clarify the origin of outbreak. Rectal swabs or fecal specimens from 7 doctors, 15 nurses, 2 nursing workers, 3 canteen workers, as well as 18 swabs from environmental sample in the ward were screened for Shigella. Phenotypic analysis included standard microbiological identification techniques, serotyping and antimicrobial susceptibility testing. PCR and sequencing were used to characterize drug resistance and virulence genes. Pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) was carried out for all Shigella isolates. S.flexneri 2a with multidrug resistance was isolated from eight patients and one canteen worker, which carried multiple antibiotics resistance genes and virulence determinants. The results of PFGE confirmed that nine strains of S. flexneri 2a belonged to the same clone. It was suggested that the outbreak strain spread directly from person-person or indirectly from person-food-person from the canteen worker. The outbreak was controlled after quarantine of ill residents, replacement of antibiotics and improvement of hygienic condition.