bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Narrating atrocity: Genocide memorials, dark tourism, and the politics of memory
Authors: Lischer Sarah Kenyon 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAfter a genocide, leaders compete to fill the postwar power vacuum and establish their preferred story of the past. Memorialisation, including through building memorials, provides a cornerstone of political power. The dominant public narrative determines the plotline; it labels victims and perpetrators, interprets history, assigns meaning to suffering, and sets the post-atrocity political agenda. Therefore, ownership of the past, in terms of the public account, is deeply contested. Although many factors affect the emergence of a dominant atrocity narrative, this article highlights the role of international interactions with genocide memorials, particularly how Western visitors, funders, and consultants influence the government's narrative. Western consumption of memorials often reinforces aspects of dark tourism that dehumanise victims and discourage adequate context for the uninformed visitor. Funding and consultation provided by Western states and organisations – while offering distinct benefits – tends to encourage a homogenised atrocity narrative, which reflects the values of the global human rights regime and existing standards of memorial design rather than privileging the local particularities of the atrocity experience. As shown in the cases of Rwanda, Cambodia, and Bosnia, Western involvement in public memory projects often strengthens the power of government narratives, which control the present by controlling the past.
M-embedded symmetric operator spaces and the derivation problem
Authors: HUANG JINGHAO , LEVITINA GALINA , SUKOCHEV FEDOR 
Published: August 2019

AbstractLet ℳ be a semifinite von Neumann algebra with a faithful semifinite normal trace τ. Assume that E(0, ∞) is an M-embedded fully symmetric function space having order continuous norm and is not a superset of the set of all bounded vanishing functions on (0, ∞). In this paper, we prove that the corresponding operator space E(ℳ, τ) is also M-embedded. It extends earlier results by Werner [48, Proposition 4∙1] from the particular case of symmetric ideals of bounded operators on a separable Hilbert space to the case of symmetric spaces (consisting of possibly unbounded operators) on an arbitrary semifinite von Neumann algebra. Several applications are given, e.g., the derivation problem for noncommutative Lorentz spaces ℒp,1(ℳ, τ), 1 < p < ∞, has a positive answer.
Eritrea’s New Heritage Law: Drafting and Implementation Issues
Authors: Andemariam Senai W. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract:On 30 September 2015, the government of Eritrea issued Proclamation no. 177/2015, the Cultural and Natural Heritage Proclamation of Eritrea, to govern the country’s cultural and natural heritage. Instrumental in the inscription of the nation’s capital, Asmara, in the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization’s World Heritage List, the Proclamation simultaneously governs cultural (tangible and intangible) and natural heritage. The author, the main drafter of the Proclamation, discusses issues and alternatives that were debated during the drafting process, lists the key issues in relation to implementation of the Proclamation, and suggests recommendations on the way forward.
Perceptions of social, emotional, and functional values in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and their satisfaction with primary health care services
Authors: Budrevičiūtė Aida , Kalėdienė Ramunė , Bagdonienė Liudmila , Paukštaitienė Renata , Valius Leonas 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Aim:
To explore the relationships between social, emotional, and functional values, and satisfaction of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with an emphasis on Lithuanian primary health care services providers.

Background:
Academics and practitioners are encouraging more research on service value conceptually and empirically. Primary health care settings (PHCS) use modern management of value creation for patients with chronic diseases to increase the satisfaction of patients. Satisfaction of patients is the most important factor of competitive advantage for the PHCS. In this study, perceived value concept is dealt with in a multidimensional way. The fact that the perceived value in health sector has not previously been examined as multidimentionally has increased the importance of this research.

Methods:
The study strategy is based on focus group discussions of executives and survey of patients with T2DM in the primary health care sector. The target of focus group discussions is to gain knowledge about factors developing the competitive advantage of PHCS. The survey of patients with T2DM is the background to test the conceptual model of perceived value importance on satisfaction. The study uses coefficients of correlation, exploratory factor analysis, and linear regression.

Findings:
The results of focus groups revealed the factors of competitive advantage related to perspectives of health policy, organization, human resources, and patients. The results of the survey established statistically significant links between social value and satisfaction, and functional value and satisfaction. Emotional value decreased satisfaction of patients with T2DM.
Emergence timing affects growth and reproduction of goosegrass (Eleusine indica)
Authors: Ma Xiaoyan , Ma Yajie , Wu Hanwen , Ren Xiangliang , Jiang Weili , Ma Yan 
Published: August 2019

AbstractGoosegrass is considered one of the worst agricultural weeds worldwide. Understanding its life cycle will provide useful management information. Field experiments with six emergence times (April, May, June, July, August, and September) were conducted at Anyang, China in 2015 and 2017 to clarify the growth and reproduction of goosegrass emerging at different times within a season. The result showed that plant height, dry weight, average weight per inflorescence, total inflorescence weight, average seed number per inflorescence, and total number of seeds per plant were relatively low in the April cohort, peaked with the May or June emergence cohort, and decreased thereafter. However, the earliest emergence of goosegrass in April had the highest total number of inflorescences. The plants of the May cohort produced the greatest number of seeds: 225,954 and 322,501 seeds per plant in 2015 and 2017, respectively. Delayed emergence resulted in less seed production; most plants that emerged in September did not flower or set seed. The 1,000-seed weight did not vary among the emergence cohorts. The reproductive investment was lowest for plants of the May cohort and then increased as emergence time was delayed to June, July, and August. Fresh mature seed of all emergence cohorts was extremely dormant and had low germination only up to 6% from August to November, and high germination (44% to 93%) in December. The information gained from this study indicates that weed management strategies should focus on the early-emerged seedlings such as the April and May cohorts, so as to effectively prevent goosegrass seed production, minimize the weed seed replenishment into the soil seed bank, and reduce the infestation in subsequent seasons.
Perceived Biological and Social Characteristics of a Representative	Set of German First Names
Authors: Nett Tillmann , Dorrough Angela , Jekel Marc , Glöckner Andreas 
Published: August 2019

Abstract. We provide ratings for a representative set of 2,000 German first names with regard to perceived sex, foreign origin (yes/no), and familiarity. In two studies participants ( N = 736 and N = 237) estimated intelligence, education, attractiveness, religiousness, age, warmth, and competence of persons with the respective name. Descriptive results show strong stereotypes in society in that most of the top-rated names on intelligence, competence, and religiousness were male, whereas all top-rated names on attractiveness and warmth were female. The reliability of most ratings is satisfactory. We provide correlations between the rated dimensions to give an overview of the internal structure of the dataset. To enhance usage of the dataset, we provide an R-package, which allows querying subsets of names depending on experimental requirements.
Colour compound lenses for a portable fluorescence microscope
Authors: Dai Bo , Jiao Ziao , Zheng Lulu , Bachman Hunter , Fu Yongfeng , Wan Xinjun , Zhang Yule , Huang Yu , Han Xiaodian , Zhao Chenglong , Huang Tony Jun , Zhuang Songlin , Zhang Dawei 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIn this article, we demonstrated a handheld smartphone fluorescence microscope (HSFM) that integrates dual-functional polymer lenses with a smartphone. The HSFM consists of a smartphone, a field-portable illumination source, and a dual-functional polymer lens that performs both optical imaging and filtering. Therefore, compared with the existing smartphone fluorescence microscope, the HSFM does not need any additional optical filters. Although fluorescence imaging has traditionally played an indispensable role in biomedical and clinical applications due to its high specificity and sensitivity for detecting cells, proteins, DNAs/RNAs, etc., the bulky elements of conventional fluorescence microscopes make them inconvenient for use in point-of-care diagnosis. The HSFM demonstrated in this article solves this problem by providing a multifunctional, miniature, small-form-factor fluorescence module. This multifunctional fluorescence module can be seamlessly attached to any smartphone camera for both bright-field and fluorescence imaging at cellular-scale resolutions without the use of additional bulky lenses/filters; in fact, the HSFM achieves magnification and light filtration using a single lens. Cell and tissue observation, cell counting, plasmid transfection evaluation, and superoxide production analysis were performed using this device. Notably, this lens system has the unique capability of functioning with numerous smartphones, irrespective of the smartphone model and the camera technology housed within each device. As such, this HSFM has the potential to pave the way for real-time point-of-care diagnosis and opens up countless possibilities for personalized medicine.
HSP90/AXL/eIF4E-regulated unfolded protein response as an acquired vulnerability in drug-resistant KRAS-mutant lung cancer
Authors: Yang Haitang , Liang Shun-Qing , Xu Duo , Yang Zhang , Marti Thomas M. , Gao Yanyun , Kocher Gregor J. , Zhao Heng , Schmid Ralph A. , Peng Ren-Wang 
Published: August 2019

AbstractDrug resistance and tumor heterogeneity are formidable challenges in cancer medicine, which is particularly relevant for KRAS-mutant cancers, the epitome of malignant tumors recalcitrant to targeted therapy efforts and first-line chemotherapy. In this study, we delineate that KRAS-mutant lung cancer cells resistant to pemetrexed (MTA) and anti-MEK drug trametinib acquire an exquisite dependency on endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress signaling, rendering resistant cancer cells selectively susceptible to blockage of HSP90, the receptor tyrosine kinase AXL, the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E), and the unfolded protein response (UPR). Mechanistically, acquisition of drug resistance enables KRAS-mutant lung cancer cells to bypass canonical KRAS effectors but entail hyperactive AXL/eIF4E, increased protein turnover in the ER, and adaptive activation of an ER stress-relief UPR survival pathway whose integrity is maintained by HSP90. Notably, the unique dependency and sensitivity induced by drug resistance are applicable to KRAS-mutant lung cancer cells undergoing de novo intratumor heterogeneity. In line with these findings, HSP90 inhibitors synergistically enhance antitumor effects of MTA and trametinib, validating a rational combination strategy to treat KRAS-mutant lung cancer. Collectively, these results uncover collateral vulnerabilities co-occurring with drug resistance and tumor heterogeneity, informing novel therapeutic avenues for KRAS-mutant lung cancer.
Circadian rest-activity patterns in bipolar disorder and borderline personality disorder
Authors: McGowan Niall M. , Goodwin Guy M. , Bilderbeck Amy C. , Saunders Kate E. A. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBipolar disorder (BD) and borderline personality disorder (BPD) are two psychiatric disorders with overlapping features that can be challenging to separate diagnostically. Growing evidence suggests that circadian rhythm disturbances are associated with psychiatric illness, however circadian patterns of behaviour have not been elucidated in BPD or differentiated from BD. This study compared the circadian structure and timing of rest-activity patterns in BPD with BD and healthy volunteers. Participants with BD (N = 31) and BPD (N = 21) and healthy controls (HC, N = 35) wore an actigraph on their non-dominant wrist for 28 day periods as part of the Automated Monitoring of Symptom Severity (AMoSS) study. Non-parametric circadian rhythm analysis of rest-activity patterns and cosinor analysis of distal temperature rhythms were conducted to elucidate circadian function between groups. Covariates controlled for included employment status, BMI and gender. Compared with HC and BD, individuals with BPD showed significantly delayed phase of night-time rest patterns (“L5 onset”) (mean difference = 1:47 h, P < 0.001; mean difference = 1:38 h, P = 0.009, respectively), and relative to HC showed delayed daytime activity onset (“M10 onset”) (mean difference = 2:13 h, P = 0.048) and delayed temperature phase (mean difference = 1:22 h, P = 0.034). These findings suggest that delayed circadian function may be a clinically important phenotype in individuals with BPD. Future work should interrogate the causality of this association and examine interventions which target delayed circadian function in the treatment of BPD.
Involvement of inflammatory gene expression pathways in depressed patients with hyperphagia
Authors: de Kluiver Hilde , Jansen Rick , Milaneschi Yuri , Penninx Brenda W. J. H. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe pathophysiology of major depressive disorder (MDD) is highly heterogeneous. Previous evidence at the DNA level as well as on the serum protein level suggests that the role of inflammation in MDD pathology is stronger in patients with hyperphagia during an active episode. Which inflammatory pathways differ in MDD patients with hyperphagia inflammatory pathways in terms of gene expression is unknown. We analyzed whole-blood gene expression profiles of 881 current MDD cases and 331 controls from the Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety (NESDA). The MDD patients were stratified according to patients with hyperphagia (characterized by increased appetite and/or weight,N = 246) or hypophagia (characterized by decreased appetite and/or weight,N = 342). Using results of differential gene expression analysis between controls and the MDD subgroups, enrichment of curated inflammatory pathways was estimated. The majority of the pathways were significantly (FDR < 0.1) enriched in the expression profiles of MDD cases with hyperphagia, including top pathways related to factors responsible for the onset of inflammatory response (‘caspase’, ‘GATA3’, ‘NFAT’, and ‘inflammasomes’ pathways). Only two pathways (‘adaptive immune system’ and ‘IL-8- and CXCR2-mediated signaling’) were enriched in the MDD with hypophagia subgroup, these were also enriched in the total current MDD group and the group with hyperphagia. This confirms the importance of inflammation in MDD pathology of patients with hyperphagia, and suggests that distinguishing more uniform MDD phenotypes can help in finding their pathophysiological basis.
Hippocampal volume change following ECT is mediated by rs699947 in the promotor region of VEGF
Authors: Van Den Bossche Maarten J. A. , Emsell Louise , Dols Annemiek , Vansteelandt Kristof , De Winter François-Laurent , Van den Stock Jan , Sienaert Pascal , Stek Max L. , Bouckaert Filip , Vandenbulcke Mathieu 
Published: August 2019

AbstractSeveral studies have shown that electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) results in increased hippocampal volume. It is likely that a multitude of mechanisms including neurogenesis, gliogenesis, synaptogenesis, angiogenesis, and vasculogenesis contribute to this volume increase. Neurotrophins, like vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) seem to play a crucial mediating role in several of these mechanisms. We hypothesized that two regulatory SNPs in the VEGF and BDNF gene influence the changes in hippocampal volume following ECT. We combined genotyping and brain MRI assessment in a sample of older adults suffering from major depressive disorder to test this hypothesis. Our results show an effect of rs699947 (in the promotor region of VEGF) on hippocampal volume changes following ECT. However, we did not find a clear effect of rs6265 (in BDNF). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study investigating possible genetic mechanisms involved in hippocampal volume change during ECT treatment.
Evidence for cerebello-thalamo-cortical hyperconnectivity as a heritable trait for schizophrenia
Authors: Cao Hengyi , Ingvar Martin , Hultman Christina M. , Cannon Tyrone 
Published: August 2019

AbstractOur recent study has demonstrated that increased connectivity in the cerebello-thalamo-cortical (CTC) circuitry is a state-independent neural trait that can potentially predict the onset of psychosis. One possible cause of such “trait” abnormality would be genetic predisposition. Here, we tested this hypothesis using multi-paradigm functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data from two independent twin cohorts. In a sample of 85 monozygotic (MZ) and 52 dizygotic (DZ) healthy twin pairs acquired from the Human Connectome Project, we showed that the connectivity pattern of the identified CTC circuitry was more similar in the MZ twins (r = 0.54) compared with that in the DZ twins (r = 0.22). The structural equation modeling analysis revealed a heritability estimate of 0.52 for the CTC connectivity, suggesting a moderately strong genetic effect. Moreover, using an independent schizophrenia cotwin sample (10 discordant MZ cotwins, 30 discordant DZ cotwins, and 32 control cotwins), we observed a significant linear relationship between genetic distance to schizophrenia and the connectivity strength in the CTC circuitry (i.e., schizophrenia MZ cotwins > schizophrenia DZ cotwins > control twins, P = 0.045). The present data provide converging evidence that increased connectivity in the CTC circuitry is likely to be a heritable trait that is associated with the genetic risk of schizophrenia.
A multimodal MRI study of the neural mechanisms of emotion regulation impairment in women with obesity
Authors: Steward Trevor , Picó-Pérez Maria , Mestre-Bach Gemma , Martínez-Zalacaín Ignacio , Suñol Maria , Jiménez-Murcia Susana , Fernández-Formoso Jose A. , Vilarrasa Nuria , García-Ruiz-de-Gordejuela Amador , Veciana de las Heras Misericordia , Custal Nuria , Virgili Nuria , Lopez-Urdiales Rafael , Menchón José M. , Granero Roser , Soriano-Mas Carles , Fernandez-Aranda Fernando 
Published: August 2019

AbstractMaladaptive emotion regulation contributes to overeating and impedes weight loss. Our study aimed to compare the voluntary downregulation of negative emotions by means of cognitive reappraisal in adult women with obesity (OB) and female healthy controls (HC) using a data-driven, multimodal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) approach. Women with OB (n = 24) and HC (n = 25) carried out an emotion regulation task during functional MRI scanning. Seed-to-voxel resting-state connectivity patterns derived from activation peaks identified by this task were compared between groups. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) was used to examine white matter microstructure integrity between regions exhibiting group differences in resting-state functional connectivity. Participants in the OB group presented reduced activation in the ventromedial prefrontal (vmPFC) cortex in comparison to the HC group when downregulating negative emotions, along with heightened activation in the extrastriate visual cortex (p < 0.05, AlphaSim-corrected). Moreover, vmPFC peak activity levels during cognitive reappraisal were negatively correlated with self-reported difficulties in emotion regulation. OB patients exhibited decreased functional connectivity between the vmPFC and the temporal pole during rest (peak-pFWE = 0.039). Decreased fractional white-matter track volume in the uncinate fasciculus, which links these two regions, was also found in participants with OB. Taken together, our findings are indicative of emotion regulation deficits in OB being underpinned by dysfunctional hypoactivity in the vmPFC and hyperactivity in the extrastriate visual cortex. Our results provide a potential target circuit for neuromodulatory interventions to improve emotion regulation skills and weight-loss intervention outcomes.
Temporal dynamics of miRNAs in human DLPFC and its association with miRNA dysregulation in schizophrenia
Authors: Hu Zhonghua , Gao Shouguo , Lindberg Daniel , Panja Debabrata , Wakabayashi Yoshi , Li Keshen , Kleinman Joel E. , Zhu Jun , Li Zheng 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBrain development is dependent on programmed gene expression, which is both genetically and epigenetically regulated. Post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression by microRNAs (miRNAs) is essential for brain development. As abnormal brain development is hypothesized to be associated with schizophrenia, miRNAs are an intriguing target for this disorder. The aims of this study were to determine the temporal dynamics of miRNA expression in the human dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), and the relationship between miRNA’s temporal expression pattern and dysregulation in schizophrenia. This study used next-generation sequencing to characterize the temporal dynamics of miRNA expression in the DLPFC of 109 normal subjects (second trimester–74 years of age) and miRNA expression changes in 34 schizophrenia patients. Unlike mRNAs, the majority of which exhibits a wave of change in fetuses, most miRNAs are preferentially expressed during a certain period before puberty. It is noted that in schizophrenia patients, miRNAs normally enriched in infants tend to be upregulated, while those normally enriched in prepuberty tend to be downregulated, and the targets of these miRNAs are enriched for genes encoding synaptic proteins and those associated with schizophrenia. In addition, miR-936 and miR-3162 were found to be increased in the DLPFC of patients with schizophrenia. These findings reveal the temporal dynamics of miRNAs in the human DLPFC, implicate the importance of miRNAs in DLPFC development, and suggest a possible link between schizophrenia and dysregulation of miRNAs enriched in infancy and prepuberty.