bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of an Ex Vivo Pediatric Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Circuit on the Sequestration of Mycophenolate Mofetil, Tacrolimus, Hydromorphone, and Fentanyl
Authors: Heith Catherine S. , Hansen Lizbeth A. , Bakken Rhonda M. , Ritter Sharon L. , Long Breeanna R. , Hume Janet R. , Zhang Lei , Amundsen Danielle B. , Steiner Marie E. , Fischer Gwenyth A. 
Published: July 2019

OBJECTIVES With the expanding use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), understanding drug pharmacokinetics has become increasingly important, particularly in pediatric patients. This ex vivo study examines the effect of a pediatric Quadrox-iD ECMO circuit on the sequestration and binding of mycophenolate mofetil (MMF), tacrolimus, and hydromorphone hydrochloride, which have not been extensively studied to date in pediatric ECMO circuits. Fentanyl, which has been well studied, was used as a comparator.METHODS ECMO circuits were set up using Quadrox-iD pediatric oxygenators and centrifugal pumps. The circuit was primed with whole blood and a reservoir was attached to represent a 5-kg patient. Fourteen French venous and 12 French arterial ECMO cannulas were inserted into the sealed reservoir. Temperature, pH, PO2, and PCO2 were monitored and corrected. MMF, tacrolimus, hydromorphone, and fentanyl were injected into the ECMO circuit. Serial blood samples were taken from a postoxygenator site at intervals over 12 hours, and levels were measured.RESULTS Hydromorphone hydrochloride was not as significantly sequestered by the ex vivo pediatric ECMO circuit when compared with fentanyl. Both mycophenolic acid and tacrolimus serum concentrations were stable in the circuit over 12 hours.CONCLUSIONS Hydromorphone may represent a useful medication for pain control for pediatric patients on ECMO due to its minimal sequestration. Mycophenolic acid and tacrolimus also did not show significant sequestration in the circuit, which was unexpected given their lipophilicity and protein-binding characteristics, but may provide insight into unexplored pharmacokinetics of particular medications in ECMO circuits.
De-epithelialized dermal flap for nipple reconstruction: A modified star flap
Authors: Lee Su Hyun , Kim Deok Woo , You Hi Jin , Jung Jae A , Hwang Na Hyun , You Jae Pil , Yoon Eul Sik 
Published: July 2019

Background Multiple approaches for nipple reconstruction exist, and none is considered superior to all others. The star flap is one of the most popular methods for nipple reconstruction, but gradual height loss is a major concern. We present a new modification of the star flap that incorporates a de-epithelialized dermal flap, along with the associated surgical results.
Methods We reviewed the medical records of patients who underwent nipple reconstruction using the modified star flap method. The design was different from the conventional star flap in that the lateral wings were changed into a trapezoidal shape and de-epithelialized dermal flaps were added. The patients were followed up at 2, 4, 6, and 12 months postoperatively, and nipple height was measured. The postoperative nipple height achieved using the modified method was compared with that obtained using the traditional method.
Results From February 2013 to June 2017, 32 patients received surgery using the modified star flap, and 18 patients who underwent nipple reconstruction before 2013 comprised the conventional method group. All patients had undergone breast reconstruction with an abdominal tissue-based flap. The mean follow-up period was 14.4 months in the modified method group and 17.3 months in the conventional method group. The mean maintenance of projection at 12 months postoperatively was 56.28%±18.58% in the modified method group, and 44.23%±14.15% in the conventional method group. This difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).
Conclusions The modified method using a de-epithelialized dermal flap provides reliable maintenance of projection in patients who have undergone abdominal tissue-based breast reconstruction.
Publication rate of presentations at Korean plastic surgery meetings: The R&R Forum, KSAPS, and KSPRS (2011–2015)
Authors: Lee Jun-Ho , Choi Manki , Kang Chan-Su , Kim Tae-Gon , Chung Kyu Jin 
Published: July 2019

Background Since the initial Research and Reconstruction Forum (R&R Forum) in 2011, the R&R Forum, Korean Society for Aesthetic Plastic Surgery (KSAPS), and Korean Society of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgeons (KSPRS) have held annual meetings. This study was conducted to provide updated information on the publication rate of presentations at those meetings.
Methods Plastic surgery–related abstracts presented at the R&R Forum, KSAPS, and KSPRS between 2011 and 2015 were collected. The sessions were divided into free papers, posters, and e-presentations (or e-posters) for each annual meeting. Abstract publication status was confirmed through PubMed, Google Scholar, the KCI-Korean Journal Database, and the KMbase database.
Results In total, 2,335 abstracts were presented in the free paper, poster, and e-presentation sessions. Of these, 622 (26.6%) were published. The overall publication rates were 240 of 684 abstracts (35.1%) presented at the R&R Forum, 56 of 216 abstracts (25.9%) presented at the KSAPS meetings, and 326 of 1,435 abstracts (22.7%) presented at the KSPRS meetings. In terms of specific annual meetings, the 2014 R&R Forum had the highest publication rate (39.9%), followed by the 2015 KSAPS (31.0%) and the 2015 KSPRS (28.8%).
Conclusions Scientific researchers present diverse results at these professional meetings, with a focus on innovative surgical techniques and improved surgical outcomes. This is our second study on this topic. Despite its limitations, this study indirectly shows that the recognition of Korean plastic surgeons and the quality of the annual meetings of Korean societies of plastic surgery have risen to the global level.
Liming Effects of Sawdust Ash and Lime on Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) Yield in Acidic Soil of Southeastern Nigeria
Authors: Ogbenna C. V. , Osodeke V. E. 
Published: July 2019

Aim: A pot experiment was carried out to determine the effect of sawdust ash and lime (Ca(OH)2) on soil characteristics and yield of sunflower in acidic soil of southeastern Nigeria.
Study Design: The experiment was laid out in split-plot design, using sawdust ash (0, 1, 2, 3, 4 t ha-1) as the sub plot and lime (0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 t ha-1) as the main plot.
Place and Duration of Study: Study was conducted outdoors at Michael Okpara University of Agriculture Umudike, Nigeria, during the 2010 planting season.
Materials and Methods: Treatment combinations were applied to the 60 buckets containing soil, mixed thoroughly and watered adequately. After 1 week of treatment application, two sunflower seeds were planted and later thinned to one seedling per bucket. Plant growth and yield data were collected. Pre planting and post-harvest soil samples were collected and analyzed for soil properties.
Results: Results showed that with the exception of organic carbon there was significant effect of treatments on all soil chemical properties. Lime and sawdust ash (SDA) as single and combined treatments significantly increased total nitrogen (P=0.05), available phosphorus (P<0.010), and base saturation (P<0.012). The interaction between SDA and lime significantly (P=0.05) increased total exchangeable bases and effective cation exchange capacity, while soil pH was significantly increased (P=0.05) by single applications. The increases in soil chemical properties led to significant positive response of the sunflower. With the exception of number of leaves, other plant parameters (Plant height, stem diameter, head weight, 50 seed weight, head diameter) had significant increases for sawdust ash alone at P=0.05. Correlation studies showed positive significant relationship between soil pH and sunflower yield.
Conclusion: The study showed that sunflower performed best at the combination of 3 tha-1 SDA and 1.5 t ha-1 lime producing a mean head weight of 45.4 g.
Germination and Longevity of Some Cowpea Cultivars Affected by Single and Mixed Virus Infections in Niger State, Nigeria
Authors: Abdullahi A. A. , Salaudeen M. T. , Wada A. C. , Ibrahim H. 
Published: July 2019

Cowpea being a dependable source of protein for human growth and development is widely cultivated in sub-Saharan Africa including Nigeria. In spite of its numerous uses, infection by viruses constitutes serious problems to its productivity and once plants are infected, there is no remedy as is with other pathogens such as bacteria, fungi and nematodes. A field trial was conducted to investigate the reactions of twenty five cowpea cultivars to single and mixed infections with two unrelated viruses: Blackeye cowpea mosaic virus (BlCMV) and Cowpea mottle virus (CPMoV) on seed germination and longevity. The trial was conducted at the Teaching and Research Farm of the Ahmadu Bello University (ABU), Zaria, Mokwa Station and set up in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replicates. For the single virus infection, seedlings of the twenty five cultivars were inoculated at 10 days after sowing (DAS), while for the mixed virus infections, seedlings were inoculated at 10 and 17 DAS. Results showed that all the cultivars were susceptible to single and mixed infections but to seemingly different extents. Germination of seeds was generally high before storage but was short lived indicating that conservation of infected seeds of the cultivars was impaired. Seeds of cultivars IT04K-267-8 and IT07K-222-2 recorded germination percentages of 54.6 and 53.7% respectively, while cultivars IT96D-610 and IT04K-291-2 had germination values of 52% which did not differ from each other. Viability of seeds amongst the 25 test cowpea cultivars from single infection with CPMoV alone and BICMV alone did not differ in some instances. Percent germination in cultivars IT98K-205-M8, IT90K-277-2 and IT07K-222-2 inoculated with BICMV + CPMoV were not much affected. Test of accelerated ageing germination (AAG) percentage for four weeks showed that seed vigour was greatly impaired in cultivars IT07K-292-2-10, IT06K-124 and IT90K-277-2 infected with BICMV + CPMoV compared to the lowest AAG percentage of 31.6 recorded in seeds of cultivar IT99K-377-1. Constant monitoring of legume fields through regular field sanitation and disease surveys to identify new and emerging viruses as facts obtained from this study are good starting point for legume virus diseases diagnosis.
Distribution of Primary Nutrients (NPK) to Crop Production in Profiles of Soils Derived from Coastal Plain Sand in Ikot Ekpo, Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria
Authors: Eyong M. O. , Akpa E. A. 
Published: July 2019

This study was conducted to evaluate the distribution of primary nutrients (NPK) in profiles of the coastal plain soils of Ikot Ekpo, Calabar, as well as evaluate other soil properties critical to agricultural productivity, in a bid to generate data that will serve as a guide to effective land use and management of the soils for arable crop production. Three (3) Profile pits were dug on the crest, middle slope and valley bottom, and soil samples were collected from their pedogenetic horizons for analysis. Analytical results showed the three profiles of coastal plain soils studied had predominantly sandy particle sizes (ranged from 770 - 910 gkg-1 sand across the three profiles) and mostly loamy sand in texture; especially at the topsoil level. The soils were also acidic (pH 4.7 to 5.1) and low in organic matter (1.0 mg kg-1 to 16.0 mg kg-1) as expected. Generally, the soils were found to be low in total nitrogen content (0.1 to 1.3 mg kg-1) and exchangeable potassium (0.08 to 0.10 cmolc kg-1); however, they were high in available phosphorus (17.20 to 29.75 mg kg-1). NPK distribution charts showed that N and P decreased consecutively with increasing depth for the crest profile. The middle-slope and valley bottom profile showed no definite pattern of distribution. However, the concentration of NPK was highest at topsoil level across most profiles. N had the shallowest intra-profile distribution with significantly higher levels of topsoil concentration indicated by the high percentages of intra-profile CV (94%, 85% & 97% for CUF, MUF & VUF respectively). P showed a shallow intra-profile distribution across the three profiles but did not vary significantly from the intra-profile mean (12.5%, 12.0% & 2.6% for CUF, MUF & VUF respectively). On the other hand K was more evenly distributed within all three profiles ( CV of 9.4%, 5.3% & 8.6% for CUF, MUF & VUF respective) compared to N and P. Inter-profile distribution of NPK showed that N and P had higher concentrations at crest level, with P showing consecutive decrease in concentration down the slope. This study therefore recommends adoption of different NPK fertilizer recommendations for different soil depths and topographic locations for optimal productivity.
Molecular identification and diapause‐related functional characterization of a novel dual‐specificity kinase gene, MPKL, in Locusta migratoria
Authors: Hao Kun , Ullah Hidayat , Jarwar Aftab Raza , Nong Xiangqun , Tu Xiongbing , Zhang Zehua 
Published: July 2019

Diapause is an important overwintering strategy enabling Locusta migratoria to survive under stressed conditions. We identified a novel dual‐specificity kinase gene that is differentially expressed between long and short day‐treated L. migratoria. To determine its function on photoperiodic diapause induction, we cloned the specific gene. Interestingly, phylogenetic analysis shows that this dual‐specificity kinase is of the mycetozoa protein kinase‐like (MPKL) type and may have been transferred horizontally from Mycetozoa to L. migratoria. RNA interference results confirm that MPKL promotes photoperiodic diapause induction of L. migratoria. Furthermore, MPKL significantly inhibits Akt and FOXO (i.e. forkhead box protein O) phosphorylation levels in ovaries, and also enhances reactive oxygen species, superoxide dismutase and catalase activities, whereas peroxidase activity is decreased under both photoperiodic regimes. The findings of the present study offer insight into the molecular mechanism responsible for dual‐specificity kinase‐induced diapause in insects.
Enhanced Delayed Fluorescence in Tetracene Crystals by Strong Light‐Matter Coupling
Authors: Berghuis Anton Matthijs , Halpin Alexei , Le‐Van Quynh , Ramezani Mohammad , Wang Shaojun , Murai Shunsuke , Gómez Rivas Jaime 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAn enhanced delayed fluorescence is demonstrated experimentally in tetracene single crystals strongly coupled to optical modes in open cavities formed by arrays of plasmonic nanoparticles. Hybridization of singlet excitons with collective plasmonic resonances in the arrays leads to the splitting of the material dispersion into a lower and an upper polariton band. This splitting significantly modifies the dynamics of the photoexcited tetracene crystal, resulting in an increase of the delayed fluorescence by a factor of 4. The enhanced delayed fluorescence is attributed to the emergence of an additional radiative decay channel, where the lower polariton band harvests long‐lived triplet states. There is also an increase in total emission, which is wavelength dependent, and can be explained by the direct emission from the lower polariton band, the more efficient light out‐coupling, and the enhancement of the excitation intensity. The observed enhanced fluorescence opens the possibility of efficient radiative triplet harvesting in open optical cavities, to improve the performance of organic light emitting diodes.
Molecular Orientation Unified Nonfullerene Acceptor Enabling 14% Efficiency As‐Cast Organic Solar Cells
Authors: Feng Haohao , Song Xin , Zhang Zhuohan , Geng Renyong , Yu Jiangsheng , Yang Linqiang , Baran Derya , Tang Weihua 
Published: July 2019

AbstractMolecular orientation and π–π stacking of nonfullerene acceptors (NFAs) determine its domain size and purity in bulk‐heterojunction blends with a polymer donor. Two novel NFAs featuring an indacenobis(dithieno[3,2‐b:2ʹ,3ʹ‐d]pyrrol) core with meta‐ or para‐alkoxyphenyl sidechains are designed and denoted as m‐INPOIC or p‐INPOIC, respectively. The impact of the alkoxyl group positioning on molecular orientation and photovoltaic performance of NFAs is revealed through a comparison study with the counterpart (INPIC‐4F) bearing para‐alkylphenyl sidechains. With inward constriction toward the conjugated backbone, m‐INPOIC presents predominant face‐on orientation to promote charge transport. The as‐cast organic solar cells (OSCs) by blending m‐INPOIC and PBDB‐T as active layers exhibit a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 12.1%. By introducing PC71BM as the solid processing‐aid, the ternary OSCs are further optimized to deliver an impressive PCE of 14.0%, which is among the highest PCEs for as‐cast single‐junction OSCs reported in literature to date. More attractively, PBDB‐T:m‐INPOIC:PC71BM based OSCs exhibit over 11% PCEs even with an active layer thickness over 300 nm. And the devices can retain over 95% of PCE after storage for 20 days. The outstanding tolerance to film thickness and outstanding stability of the as‐cast devices make m‐INPOIC a promising candidate NFA for large‐scale solution‐processable OSCs.
Fetal diagnosis of Mowat‐Wilson syndrome by whole exome sequencing
Authors: Evans Carey‐Anne , Pinner Jason , Chan Cheng Y. , Bowyer Lucy , Mowat David , Buckley Michael F. , Roscioli Tony 
Published: July 2019

AbstractMowat‐Wilson syndrome (MWS) is a complex genetic disorder associated with heterozygous variation in ZEB2. It is mainly characterized by moderate‐to‐severe intellectual disability, facial dysmorphism, epilepsy, and various malformations including Hirschsprung disease, corpus callosum anomalies, and congenital heart defects. It is rarely diagnosed prenatally and there is limited information available on the prenatal phenotype associated with MWS. Here we report the detection of a heterozygous de novo nonsense variant in ZEB2 by whole exome sequencing in a fetus with microphthalmia in addition to cardiac defects and typical MWS facial dysmorphism. As the prenatal phenotypic spectrum of MWS expands, the routine addition of fetal genomic testing particularly in the presence of multiple malformations will increase both the sensitivity and specificity of prenatal diagnostics.
Metal‐Free Hydroxyalkylation‐Initiated Radical Cyclization of 1,6‐Enynes with Alcohols
Authors: Meng Xiao‐Xiao , Cao Ting‐Ting , Song Si‐Zhe , Zhou Guodong , Li Qiang , Wei Wen‐Ting 
Published: July 2019

AbstractWithout employing any metal catalyst or organic solvents, a practical, efficient and environmentally attractive protocol has been established for the hydroxyalkylation‐initiated radical cyclization of 1,6‐enynes with alcohols under open air conditions. This transformation proceeds through C(sp3)−H bond functionalization, oxyalkylation and intramolecular cyclization, providing a novel approach to 2‐pyrrolidinones in good to excellent yields.
Triplet Fullerenes as Prospective Spin Labels for Nanoscale Distance Measurements by Pulsed Dipolar EPR Spectroscopy
Authors: Krumkacheva Olesya A. , Timofeev Ivan O. , Politanskaya Larisa V. , Polienko Yuliya F. , Tretyakov Evgeny V. , Rogozhnikova Olga Yu. , Trukhin Dmitry V. , Tormyshev Victor M. , Chubarov Alexey S. , Bagryanskaya Elena G. , Fedin Matvey V. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractPrecise nanoscale distance measurements by pulsed electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy play a crucial role in structural studies of biomolecules. The properties of the spin labels used in this approach determine the sensitivity limits, attainable distances, and proximity to biological conditions. Herein, we propose and validate the use of photoexcited fullerenes as spin labels for pulsed dipolar (PD) EPR distance measurements. Hyperpolarization and the narrower spectrum of fullerenes compared to other triplets (e.g., porphyrins) boost the sensitivity, and superior relaxation properties allow PD EPR measurements up to a near‐room temperature. This approach is demonstrated using fullerene–nitroxide and fullerene–triarylmethyl pairs, as well as a supramolecular complex of fullerene with nitroxide‐labeled protein. Photoexcited triplet fullerenes can be considered as new spin labels with outstanding spectroscopic properties for future structural studies of biomolecules.
Perylene π‐Bridges Equally Delocalize Anions and Cations: Proportioned Quinoidal and Aromatic Content
Authors: Mayorga Burrezo Paula , Zeng Wangdong , Moos Michael , Holzapfel Marco , Canola Sofia , Negri Fabrizia , Rovira Concepciò , Veciana Jaume , Phan Hoa , Wu Jishan , Lambert Christoph , Casado Juan 
Published: July 2019

AbstractA complete experimental and theoretical study has been carried out for aromatic and quinoidal perylene‐based bridges substituted with bis(diarylamine) and bis(arylimine) groups respectively. The through‐bridge inter‐redox site electronic couplings (VAB) have been calculated for their respective mixed‐valence radical cation and radical anion species. The unusual similitudes of the resulting VAB values for the given structures reveal the intervention of molecular shapes with balanced semi‐quinoidal/semi‐aromatic structures in the charge delocalization. An identical molecular object equally responding to the injection of either positive or negative charges is rare in the field of organic π‐conjugated molecules. However, once probed herein for perylene‐based systems, it can be extrapolated to other π‐conjugated bridges. As a result, this work opens the door to the rational design of true ambipolar bulk and molecular conductors.
Synthesis of Polyethylene with In‐Chain α,β‐Unsaturated Ketone and Isolated Ketone Units: Pd‐Catalyzed Ring‐Opening Copolymerization of Cyclopropenone with Ethylene
Authors: Wang Xiaoming , Seidel Falk William , Nozaki Kyoko 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAlthough various functionalized units can be incorporated into polyolefins by transition metal catalyzed coordination copolymerizations of nonfunctionalized olefins with polar functional monomers, the incorporated functional units are largely limited to a C1 unit from either CO or C2 units from vinyl monomers. Reported here is the Pd‐catalyzed copolymerization of ethylene with cyclopropenone, leading to incorporation of C3 units with functional groups, α,β‐unsaturated ketones, in the chain. Coordination‐insertion of the carbonyl group and ring opening of the strained three‐membered ring are proposed as the key steps in the mechanism. Under different reaction conditions an isolated ketone structure was afforded as the major carbonyl unit, and could be generated by the copolymerization of ethylene with CO formed in situ from cyclopropenone.
Electron Transfer to Decorated Graphene Oxide Particles
Authors: Miao Ruiyang , Chen Lifu , Shao Lidong , Zhang Bingsen , Compton Richard G. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractGraphene oxides (GOs) are popular catalyst supports for precious metals in nanoparticle form. The hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR) and the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) on individual GO platelets decorated with Pd nanoparticles (Pd/GOs) were investigated. The results suggest that the catalytic activity is confined to the zone physically close to the point of electrical contact between platelet and electrode with just a fraction of the platelet active.