bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relationships between digestive efficiency and metabolomic profiles of serum and intestinal contents in chickens
Authors: Beauclercq Stéphane , Nadal-Desbarats Lydie , Hennequet-Antier Christelle , Gabriel Irène , Tesseraud Sophie , Calenge Fanny , Le Bihan-Duval Elisabeth , Mignon-Grasteau Sandrine 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe increasing cost of conventional feedstuffs has bolstered interest in genetic selection for digestive efficiency (DE), a component of feed efficiency, assessed by apparent metabolisable energy corrected to zero nitrogen retention (AMEn). However, its measurement is time-consuming and constraining, and its relationship with metabolic efficiency poorly understood. To simplify selection for this trait, we searched for indirect metabolic biomarkers through an analysis of the serum metabolome using nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR). A partial least squares (PLS) model including six amino acids and two derivatives from butyrate predicted 59% of AMEn variability. Moreover, to increase our knowledge of the molecular mechanisms controlling DE, we investigated1H NMR metabolomes of ileal, caecal, and serum contents by fitting canonical sparse PLS. This analysis revealed strong associations between metabolites and DE. Models based on the ileal, caecal, and serum metabolome respectively explained 77%, 78%, and 74% of the variability of AMEn and its constitutive components (utilisation of starch, lipids, and nitrogen). In our conditions, the metabolites presenting the strongest associations with AMEn were proline in the serum, fumarate in the ileum and glucose in caeca. This study shows that serum metabolomics offers new opportunities to predict chicken DE.
Development of a Click-Chemistry Reagent Compatible with Mass Cytometry
Authors: Shaklee Jessica , Srivastava Kriti , Brown Heather , Arriaga Edgar A. , Pierre Valerie C. , van Berlo Jop H. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe recent development of mass cytometry has allowed simultaneous detection of 40 or more unique parameters from individual single cells. While similar to flow cytometry, which is based on detection of fluorophores, one key distinguishing feature of mass cytometry is the detection of atomic masses of lanthanides by mass spectrometry in a mass cytometer. Its superior mass resolution results in lack of signal overlap, thereby allowing multiparametric detection of molecular features in each single cell greater than that of flow cytometry, which is limited to 20 parameters. Unfortunately, most detection in mass cytometry relies on lanthanide-tagged antibodies, which is ideal to detect proteins, but not other types of molecular features. To further expand the repertoire of molecular features that are detectable by mass cytometry, we developed a lanthanide-chelated, azide-containing probe that allows click-chemistry mediated labeling of target molecules. Following incorporation of the thymidine analog 5-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine (EdU) during DNA synthesis in S-phase of the cell cycle, we demonstrate that the probe introduced here, tagged with Terbium-159 (159Tb), reacts via copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne Huisgen cycloaddition (click-chemistry) with Edu. Thus, detection of 159Tb makes it possible to measure DNA synthesis in single cells using mass cytometry. The approach introduced here shows similar sensitivity (true positive rate) to other methods used to measure DNA synthesis in single cells by mass cytometry and is compatible with the parallel antibody-based detection of other parameters in single cells. Due to its universal nature, the use of click-chemistry in mass cytometry expands the types of molecular targets that can be monitored by mass cytometry.
Acceptability, tolerability, and potential efficacy of cognitive behavioural therapy for Insomnia Disorder subtypes defined by polysomnography: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Miller Christopher B. , Espie Colin A. , Bartlett Delwyn J. , Marshall Nathaniel S. , Gordon Christopher J. , Grunstein Ronald R. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractIn this retrospective cohort study, we describe acceptability, tolerability and potential efficacy of cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) in Insomnia Disorder subtypes, derived from polysomnography (PSG): insomnia with normal-sleep duration (I-NSD) and insomnia with short-sleep duration (I-SSD). All research volunteers were offered access to digital CBT, single component sleep restriction therapy and face-to-face group CBT. Follow-up occurred at three months post-treatment using the insomnia severity index (ISI). 96 participants (61 females, mean age of 41 years) were grouped into either normal-sleep (n = 53) or short-sleep (n = 43). CBT was acceptable to 63% of participants (normal-sleep = 31, short-sleep = 29), with 28 completing therapy (tolerability: normal-sleep = 11, short-sleep = 17). For potential efficacy, 39 (normal-sleep = 20, short-sleep = 19) out of 96 participants (41%) completed a follow-up ISI assessment. In this reduced sample, mean (SD) ISI scores decreased across both groups (normal-sleep: 18.0 (4.0) to 10.7 (4.6); short-sleep: 16.5 (5.5) to 11.0 (6.3); both P < 0.01). Those with normal-sleep were more likely to respond (≥6-point ISI reduction) to CBT compared to short-sleep (70%, n = 14/20 vs. 37%, n = 7/19 respectively, P = 0.038). In this cohort, 60 (63%) of participants attempted CBT and of those 28 (47%) completed therapy. Results may be comparable to clinical participants with implications for the successful translation of CBT for insomnia.
Dietary patterns and chronic kidney disease: a cross-sectional association in the Irish Nun Eye Study
Authors: Paterson Euan N. , Neville Charlotte E. , Silvestri Giuliana , Montgomery Shannon , Moore Evelyn , Silvestri Vittorio , Cardwell Christopher R. , MacGillivray Tom J. , Maxwell Alexander P. , Woodside Jayne V. , McKay Gareth J. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractAssociations between dietary patterns and chronic kidney disease are not well established, especially in European populations. We conducted a cross-sectional study of 1033 older Irish women (age range 56–100 years) with a restricted lifestyle. Dietary intake was assessed using a food frequency questionnaire. Renal function was determined by estimated glomerular filtration rate. Two dietary patterns were identified within the study population using factor analysis. A significant negative association was found between unhealthy dietary pattern adherence and renal function in both unadjusted and adjusted models controlling for potential confounding variables (p for trend <0.001), with a mean difference in estimated glomerular filtration rate of −6 ml/min/1.73 m2 between those in the highest fifth of adherence to the unhealthy dietary pattern compared to the lowest, in the fully adjusted model. Chronic kidney disease risk was significantly greater for the highest fifth, compared to the lowest fifth of unhealthy dietary pattern adherence in adjusted models (adjusted odds ratio = 2.62, p < 0.001). Adherence to the healthy dietary pattern was not associated with renal function or chronic kidney disease in adjusted models. In this cohort, an unhealthy dietary pattern was associated with lower renal function and greater prevalence of chronic kidney disease.
Interaction of the GntR-family transcription factor Sll1961 with thioredoxin in the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803
Authors: Kujirai Junichi , Nanba Sato , Kadowaki Taro , Oka Yoshiki , Nishiyama Yoshitaka , Hayashi Yuuki , Arai Munehito , Hihara Yukako 
Published: April 2018

AbstractChanges in the redox state of the photosynthetic electron transport chain act as a signal to trigger acclimation responses to environmental cues and thioredoxin has been suggested to work as a key factor connecting the redox change with transcriptional regulation in the cyanobacteriumSynechocystissp. PCC 6803. We screened for redox-dependent transcription factors interacting with thioredoxin M (TrxM) and isolated the GntR-type transcription factor Sll1961 previously reported to be involved in acclimation responses of the photosynthetic machinery. Biochemical analyses using recombinant Sll1961 proteins of wild type and mutants of three cysteine residues, C124, C229 and C307, revealed that an intramolecular disulfide bond is formed between C229 and C307 under oxidizing conditions and TrxM can reduce it by attacking C307. Sll1961 exists in a dimeric form of about 80 kDa both under reducing and oxidizing conditions. C124 can form an intermolecular disulfide bond but it is not essential for dimerization. Based on these observations, tertiary structure models of the Sll1961 homodimer and the Sll1961-TrxM complex were constructed.
Transmission events revealed in tuberculosis contact investigations in London
Authors: Cavany Sean M. , Vynnycky Emilia , Sumner Tom , Macdonald Neil , Thomas H. Lucy , White Jacqui , White Richard G. , Maguire Helen , Anderson Charlotte 
Published: April 2018

AbstractContact tracing is a key part of tuberculosis prevention and care, aiming to hasten diagnosis and prevent transmission. The proportion of case-contact pairs for which recent transmission occurred and the typical timespans between the index case and their contact accessing care are not known; we aimed to calculate these. We analysed individual-level TB contact tracing data, collected in London from 20/01/2011-31/12/2015, linked to tuberculosis surveillance and MIRU-VNTR 24-locus strain-typing information. Of pairs of index cases and contacts diagnosed with active tuberculosis, 85/314 (27%) had strain typing data available for both. Of these pairs, 79% (67/85) shared indistinguishable isolates, implying probable recent transmission. Of pairs in which both contact and the index case had a social risk factor, 11/11 (100%) shared indistinguishable isolates, compared to 55/75 (75%) of pairs in which neither had a social risk factor (P = 0.06). The median time interval between the index case and their contact accessing care was 42 days (IQR: 16, 96). As over 20% of pairs did probably not involve recent transmission between index case and contact, the effectiveness of contact tracing is not necessarily limited to those circumstances where the index case has transmitted disease to their close contacts.
Free Functional Gracilis Muscle Transfer for Reconstruction during Forearm Reimplantation in a Patient with Deep Venous Thrombosis
Authors: Morita Daiki , Nemoto Hitoshi , Miyabe Kenta , Nakae Seiko , Kuroki Tomoaki , Yasuda Tomohiro 
Published: April 2018

Background Free muscle transfer is the gold standard procedure for functional upper extremity reconstruction. The gracilis muscle is one of the most commonly used donor muscles due to the reduced morbidity of its harvest.
Case We performed a free gracilis muscle flap transfer for functional reconstruction of a forearm after reimplantation in a 62-year-old man with a known deep venous thrombosis (DVT).
Result Perioperative DVT is a potentially fatal complication due to the risk of pulmonary embolism. There were many risk factors in this case for venous thromboembolism around the time of free flap transfer including the length of the operation, intraoperative position changes, and perioperative suspension of anticoagulants. We divided the operation into two stages to reduce operative times, chose a donor site that did not require intraoperative position changes, placed an indwelling temporary filter in the inferior vena cava preoperatively, and continued administration of anticoagulant intraoperatively.
Conclusion With these measures, we safely and successfully performed free gracilis muscle transfer in a patient with DVT.
Social contagion of ethnic hostility
Authors: Bauer Michal , Cahlíková Jana , Chytilová Julie , Želinský Tomáš 
Published: April 2018

Significance
We provide experimental evidence on peer effects and show that behavior that harms members of a different ethnic group is twice as contagious as behavior that harms coethnics. The findings may help to explain why ethnic hostilities can spread quickly (even in societies with few visible signs of interethnic hatred) and why many countries have adopted hate crime laws, and illustrate the need to study not only the existence of discrimination, but also the stability of attitudes and behaviors toward outgroup members.
Synaptic adhesion protein ELFN1 is a selective allosteric modulator of group III metabotropic glutamate receptors
in trans
Authors: Dunn Henry A. , Patil Dipak N. , Cao Yan , Orlandi Cesare , Martemyanov Kirill A. 
Published: April 2018

Significance
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) continue to be the pharmaceutical target of over one-third of FDA-approved drugs, yet our understanding of GPCR function has been overwhelmingly limited to the study of intracellular effectors. It is emerging that GPCRs also associate with a variety of extracellular proteins, yet the functional consequences of these interactions have been ill defined for the lack of robust approaches to measure them. In this study, we develop a unique assay platform and provide an example of transcellular modulation of GPCR properties by association with a synaptic adhesion molecule.
Suppressing viscous fingering in structured porous media
Authors: Rabbani Harris Sajjad , Or Dani , Liu Ying , Lai Ching-Yao , Lu Nancy B. , Datta Sujit S. , Stone Howard A. , Shokri Nima 
Published: April 2018

Significance
Viscous fingering commonly takes place during injection of one fluid that displaces a resident fluid in a porous medium. Fingering normally is promoted where the injected fluid is less viscous than the resident fluid being displaced. We propose a design of a porous medium in the form of an ordered structure to suppress or trigger (depending on the application) viscous fingering in porous media without modifying fluid properties or wettability. We utilize pore-scale direct numerical simulations, state-of-art experiments and analysis to derive predictive tools to evaluate effects of various parameters on controlling viscous fingering in porous media. Moreover, we propose generalized analytical solutions and a phase diagram for the parameter space affecting viscous fingering patterns.
Operationalising social investment: from policy dimensions to ideal-types
Authors: Andersson Lisa 
Published: April 2018

AbstractSocial investment in Europe has primarily been measured by studying expenditure data from specific categories of social policy. This article argues that we need a more nuanced way of studying the presence of social investment, and develops a tool for measuring the ideational content of social investment in policy regulations. By operationalising three key policy dimensions of social investment; time, distribution and policy coherence, varying approaches of social investment are discerned, landing in the development of three ideal types: a strict social investment, a targeted social investment and a reactive social investment. To demonstrate its application, the social investment ideal-types are applied to cases of policies for unemployed youth in different European countries. The operationalisation and ideal types presented in this article provide a structure and nuance to the understanding and measuring of social investment, aiding in the further debate on its pros, cons and presence in European social policy.
Outcomes of Anesthesia Selection in Endovascular Treatment of Acute Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Peng Yuming , Wu Youxuan , Huo Xiaochuan , Wu Peng , Zhou Yang , Li Jiaxin , Liang Fa , Liu Xiaoyuan , Pan Yuesong , Miao Zhongrong , Han Ruquan 
Published: April 2018

Background:
The association between anesthesia type and outcomes in patients with acute ischemic stroke undergoing endovascular treatment (EVT) remains a subject of ongoing debate.

Methods:
This prospective nonrandomized controlled trial included 149 consecutive patients with acute anterior circulation stroke who underwent EVT. The primary outcome was functional independence assessed by the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) after 3 months.

Results:
A total of 105 (70.5%) and 44 (29.5%) patients undergoing EVT who received conscious sedation (CS) and general anesthesia (GA), respectively. The patients who received GA had similar demographics and basic National Institute of Health Stroke Scale scores (17 vs. 16, P>0.05) as the patients who received CS. The recanalization time (304 vs. 311 min, P=0.940) and the recanalization rate (86.4% vs. 84.1%, P=0.170) did not differ between the patients receiving the different types of anesthesia. The National Institute of Health Stroke Scale at 24 hours was lower in the patients who received CS than in those who received GA (β=−2.26, 95% confidence interval, −5.30 to 0.79). The independence (modified Rankin Scale score 0 to 2) at 3 months was equal between patients who received GA and those who received CS (odds ratio=0.73, 95% confidence interval, 0.32-1.68). The mortality and the morbidity rates did not differ.

Conclusions:
The data indicated that the selection of GA or CS during EVT had no impact on the independent outcomes of patients with anterior circulation occlusion.
Hematologic Adverse Events Associated With Prolonged Valganciclovir Treatment in Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection
Authors: Ziv Liron , Yacobovich Joanne , Pardo Joseph , Yarden-Bilavsky Havatzelet , Amir Jacob , Osovsky Micky , Bilavsky Efraim 
Published: April 2018

Background:
Valganciclovir (2/d) therapy for 6 months in neonates with symptomatic congenital cytomegalovirus (cCMV) infection improves hearing and neurodevelopmental outcome. The only reported adverse event was neutropenia. Since 2009, our protocol for symptomatic cCMV infection was a 1-year treatment of 2/d for the first 3 months followed by 9 months of 1/d.

Methods:
A retrospective study. Infants with cCMV treated with valganciclovir for 1 year were recruited. Data of drug-related hematologic adverse events were collected.

Results:
One hundred sixty infants were eligible; 46 (28.8%) had experienced at least 1 episode of neutropenia (58 episodes), the majority (39/46, 84.8%) during the first 3 months of treatment and 7 (15.2%) during the last 9 months of treatment. Grades 3 and 4 neutropenia occurred in 9 (5.6%) children, almost exclusively during the first 3 months of treatment. Anemia (hemoglobin <9 g/dL) was recorded in 12 (7.5%) children during the first 3 months of 2/d treatment. Four children presented with hemoglobin levels <7 g/dL and needed a blood transfusion. One child was diagnosed with transient pure red cell aplasia. No long-term adverse events were recorded.

Conclusions:
Although prolonged valganciclovir treatment for cCMV is safe, a close monitoring of the white blood cell count and hemoglobin levels is warranted. Much lower rates of grades 3 and 4 neutropenia were observed than previously reported, probably owing to our unique treatment protocol. Nevertheless, drug-induced anemia should be of primary concern. The optimal protocol assessing clinical outcome, concurrently with potential side effects, has not yet been determined.
Activating P2X7 Receptors Increases Proliferation of Human Pancreatic Cancer Cells via ERK1/2 and JNK
Authors: Choi Ji Hun , Ji Young Geon , Ko Jung Jae , Cho Han Jun , Lee Dong Hyeon 
Published: April 2018

Objectives
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of the activated P2X7 receptors on the proliferation and growth of human pancreatic cancer cells.

Methods
Proliferation was measured by incorporating bromodeoxyuridine into pancreatic cancer cells, MIA PaCa-2 and HPAC. Expression of P2 receptors and signal molecules was examined using quantitative reverse transcription/polymerase chain reaction and/or Western blot. Proliferative effects of the P2X7 receptors in vivo were examined using a xenotransplant model of pancreatic cancer cell lines.

Results
Incubating pancreatic cancer cells with adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and 2′(3′)-O-(4-Benzoylbenzoyl)ATP resulted in a dose-dependent increase of cell proliferation. The P2 receptor antagonist, KN-62, and small interfering RNA against P2X7 receptors, significantly decreased the proliferative effects of ATP. The ATP-induced proliferation was mediated by protein kinase C, extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/2), and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK); specifically, ATP increased the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and JNK. The expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase was decreased by P2X7 receptor activation. In a xenotransplant model, applying ATP significantly increased the growth of induced tumors.

Conclusions
The P2X7 receptor activation by extracellular nucleotides increased proliferation and growth of human pancreatic cancer cells via ERK1/2 and JNK. This supports the pathophysiological role of P2X7 receptors in pancreatic disease and recovery.
Functional Somatic Symptoms Across Cultures: Perceptual and Health Care Issues
Authors: Löwe Bernd , Gerloff Christian 
Published: April 2018

ABSTRACT
Functional neurological disorders are conceptualized as patterns of neurological symptoms that cannot be attributed to a clear organic etiology. The study by Wilkins et al. in this issue of Psychosomatic Medicine reveals that 8.2% of patients who were initially presented with suspected stroke were later diagnosed with functional disorders, i.e., “functional stroke mimics.” However, the percentage of functional stroke mimics varied substantially with patients' nationality, age, and sex. In this editorial comment, we discuss potential reasons for the intercultural variation of the frequency of functional stroke mimics.
The current models of symptom perception, in which symptom perception is guided by top-down processes of the central nervous system, are helpful in explaining the intercultural variation of functional symptoms. According to these models, cultural beliefs, previous illnesses, and stressful life situations influence patients' expectations, sensory input, and finally the perception of somatic symptoms. In addition, differences in insurance status, health literacy, and health care experiences are strong predictors of health care use in patients who experience somatic symptoms.
This article provides a conceptual model that integrates sociocultural factors with symptom perception and health care use relevant to the different rates of functional somatic symptoms in emergency departments across nationalities. Considering these factors, future attempts to improve care for patients with functional disorders should enhance access to effective treatment for all patient groups, empower patients through education and early participation in the treatment process, and foster interdisciplinary collaboration among specialists from somatic and mental health disciplines.
Biliary Drainage in Patients With Failed ERCP: Percutaneous Versus EUS-guided Drainage
Authors: Téllez-Ávila Félix I. , Herrera-Mora David , Duarte-Medrano Gilberto , Lopez-Arce Gustavo , Lindoro-Barraza Dayana , Casanova Iván , Elizondo-Rivera Javier , Ramírez-Luna Miguel , Valdovinos-Andraca Francisco 
Published: April 2018

Aim:
The goal of the study is to compare the efficacy and safety of bile duct drains guided by endoscopic ultrasound-guided biliary drainage (EGBD) versus percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTBD).

Materials and Methods:
Retrospective comparative study. Patients with obstruction of the bile duct who underwent the EGBD or PTBD procedure and had at least 1 previous endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography that failed or was inaccessible to the second duodenal portion were included.

Results:
A total of 90 patients were initially evaluated and 28 were excluded. There were 39 (62.9%) women, with a median age of 55.6 years (range, 22 to 88 y). The etiology of biliary obstruction was malignancy in 35 (56.4%) patients. Differences between EGBD versus PTBD groups were in technical success (90% vs. 78%; P=0.3), clinical success (96% vs. 63%; P=0.04), complications (6.6% vs. 28%; P=0.04), length of stay [6.5 d (range, 0 to 11 d) vs. 12.5 d (range, 6.2 to 25 d)] (P=0.009), and costs 1440.15±240.94 versus 2165.87±241.10 USD (P=0.03).

Conclusions:
EGBD is associated with a higher clinical success rate and safety, shorter hospital stays, and lower cost compared with PTBD.