bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Early Mississippian evaporites of coastal tropical wetlands
Authors: Millward David , Davies Sarah J. , Williamson Fiona , Curtis Rachel , Kearsey Timothy I. , Bennett Carys E. , Marshall John E. A. , Browne Michael A. E. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractExtensive evaporites in Lower Mississippian successions from palaeoequatorial regions are commonly used as evidence for an arid to semi‐arid palaeoclimate. However, in this article, detailed studies of evaporites and their context refute this interpretation. Detailed sedimentological and petrographical analysis of the Lower Mississippian of northern Britain, is combined with archived log data from more than 40 boreholes across southern Scotland, northern England and Northern Ireland, and published literature from Canada. Two key cores from the Tweed Basin and the northern margin of the Northumberland – Solway Basin contain 178 evaporite intervals and reveal twelve distinct forms of gypsum and anhydrite across seven facies that are associated with planar laminated siltstone and intercalated thin beds of ferroan dolostone. Nodular gypsum and anhydrite, typically in intervals <1 to 2 m thick, are integral components of the succession. Nodular evaporite occurs within about 1 m of a palaeosurface, but most evaporite deposits represent ephemeral brine pans to semi‐permanent hypersaline lakes or salinas on a floodplain that was subjected periodically to storm surges introducing marine waters. Formation of evaporites under a strongly seasonal climate in a coastal wetland is supported by palaeosol types and geochemical proxies, and from palaeobotanical evidence published previously. Although 65% of modern equatorial areas experience a strongly seasonal climatic regime, salinas and sabkhas are a minor component today in comparison with the evidence from these Lower Mississippian successions. This implies that the earliest terrestrial environments were complex and dynamic, providing a diverse range of habitats in which the early tetrapods became terrestrialized and represent a setting that is rarely preserved in the geological record.
Dicer inactivation stimulates limb regeneration ability in Xenopus laevis
Authors: Zhang Mengshi , Yang Li , Yuan Feng , Chen Ying , Lin Gufa 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThe ontogenetic decline of regeneration capacity in the anuran amphibian Xenopus makes it an excellent model for regeneration studies. However, the cause of the regeneration ability decline is not fully understood. MicroRNAs regulate animal development and have been indicated in various regeneration situations. However, little is known about the role of microRNAs during limb regeneration in Xenopus. This study investigates the effect of Dicer, an enzyme responsible for microRNA maturation, on limb development and regeneration in Xenopus. Dicer is expressed in the developing Xenopus limbs and is up‐regulated after limb amputation during both regeneration‐competent and regeneration‐deficient stages of tadpole development. Inactivation of Dicer in early (NF stage 53) tadpole limb buds leads to shorter tibulare/fibulare formation but does not affect limb regeneration. However, in late‐stage, regeneration‐deficient tadpole limbs (NF stage 57), Dicer inactivation restores the regeneration blastema and stimulates limb regeneration. Thus, our results demonstrated that Xenopus limb regeneration can be stimulated by the inactivation of Dicer in nonregenerating tadpoles, indicating that microRNAs present in late‐stage tadpole limbs may be involved in the ontogenetic decline of limb regeneration in Xenopus.
Study for every other day administration of vonoprazan in maintenance treatment of erosive GERD: study protocol for a multicentre randomised cross-over study
Authors: Kato Mototsugu , Ito Noriko , Demura Mamiko , Kubo Kimitoshi , Mabe Katsuhiro , Harada Naohiko 
Published: February 2018

IntroductionThe first drug selected for treatment of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and prevention of the recurrence is a proton pump inhibitor (PPI), but recently, a potassium-competitive acid blocker (P-CAB) was put on the market in Japan. Its onset of effect is faster than PPI, and it takes more than 2 days to recover acid secretion after the withdrawal period. Therefore, unlike PPI, the usefulness of every other day administration or discontinuous administration is expected.Methods and analysisThis study is a prospective, multicentre, open-label, two-period randomised cross-over study to compare the efficacy and safety of PPI every other day administration and P-CAB every other day administration in 120 patients who receive erosive GERD maintenance therapy with PPI. Patients will be randomly allocated to receive 4 weeks P-CAB or PPI followed by 4 weeks cross over, where those on P-CAB will receive PPI and vice versa. The primary endpoint is proportion of asymptomatic patients. Secondary endpoints are suppressive effect of GERD symptoms, proportion of asymptomatic patients at each time point, safety and cost-saving effect of P-CAB every other day administration, compliance with every other day administration, and proportion of asymptomatic patients at the first month of study drug administration.Ethics and disseminationThis study was approved by the National Hospital Organization Central Review Board for Clinical Trials (5 December 2017).DiscussionIf P-CAB every other day administration is established as one of GERD maintenance therapies, there is merit in both medical cost reduction and the safety to alleviate elevation in serum gastrin.Trial registration numberUMIN000034701.
Assessing factors associated with long-term work disability after cancer in Belgium: a population-based cohort study using competing risks analysis with a 7-year follow-up
Authors: Kiasuwa Mbengi Régine Levo , Nicolaie Alina Mioara , Goetghebeur Els , Otter Renee , Mortelmans Katrien , Missinnne Sarah , Arbyn Marc , Bouland Catherine , de Brouwer Christophe 
Published: February 2018

ObjectivesThe number of workers with cancer has dramatically increasing worldwide. One of the main priorities is to preserve their quality of life and the sustainability of social security systems. We have carried out this study to assess factors associated with the ability to work after cancer. Such insight should help with the planning of rehabilitation needs and tailored programmes.ParticipantsWe conducted this register-based cohort study using individual data from the Belgian Disability Insurance. Data on 15 543 socially insured Belgian people who entered into the long-term work disability between 2007 and 2011 due to cancer were used.Primary and secondary outcome measuresWe estimated the duration of work disability using Kaplan-Meier and the cause-specific cumulative incidence of ability to work stratified by age, gender, occupational class and year of entering the work disability system for 11 cancer sites using the Fine and Gray model allowing for competing risks.ResultsThe overall median time of work disability was 1.59 years (95% CI 1.52 to 1.66), ranging from 0.75 to 4.98 years. By the end of follow-up, more than one-third of the disabled cancer survivors were able to work (35%). While a large proportion of the women were able to work at the end of follow-up, the men who were able to work could do so sooner. Being women, white collar, young and having haematological, male genital or breast cancers were factors with the bestlikelihood to be able to return to work.ConclusionGood prognostic factors for the ability to work were youth, woman, white collar and having breast, male genital or haematological cancers. Reviewing our results together with the cancer incidence predictions up to 2025 offers a high value for social security and rehabilitation planning and for ascertaining patients’ perspectives.
The development of an online intervention (Care Assist) to support male caregivers of women with breast cancer: a protocol for a mixed methods study
Authors: Levesque Janelle V , Gerges Martha , Girgis Afaf 
Published: February 2018

IntroductionIt is projected that 17 730 women will be diagnosed with breast cancer in Australia in 2017, with 3114 of these predicted to be fatal. Caregiving for a person with cancer can significantly impact caregivers’ physical and mental health. Many caregivers feel ill-prepared for this role, especially when care involves complex medical needs accompanied by the psychological challenges experienced following a cancer diagnosis.Methods and analysisThis study employs a convergent, parallel, mixed methods design combining an online survey with an optional interview. Eligible, consenting participants will be invited to participate in a survey to examine (1) participants’ unmet needs, (2) challenges experienced throughout the cancer journey, (3) perceived self-efficacy to determine participants’ level of confidence in undertaking caregiver tasks, (4) views regarding suitable content to include in a caregiver training intervention, (5) preferred method of intervention delivery (ie, website, smartphone application and/or interactive video), and (6) preferences for the timing of delivery of the intervention content (ie, ability to choose a module, access to the entire content or have a set order in which they receive the information). Caregivers will be eligible to participate if they (1) are male, (2) have previously cared for or are currently caring for a woman with breast cancer, (3) are aged over 18 years, and (4) do not currently suffer from a cognitive impairment or mental health condition (ie, depression, anxiety). Data analysis will include examination of differences in psychological outcomes and needs based on demographic variables, and mediation analysis to explore whether self-efficacy mediates the relationship between challenges, unmet needs and distress. Qualitative data will be analysed using thematic analysis.Ethics and disseminationThe study was reviewed and approved by two human research ethics committees within Australia. We anticipate two to three publications may be developed from the study.
Comparison and validation of screening tools for substance use in pregnancy: a cross-sectional study conducted in Maryland prenatal clinics
Authors: Coleman-Cowger Victoria H , Oga Emmanuel A , Peters Erica N , Trocin Kathleen , Koszowski Bartosz , Mark Katrina 
Published: February 2018

IntroductionPrescription-drug use in the USA has increased by more than 60% in the last three decades. Prevalence of prescription-drug use among pregnant women is currently estimated around 50%. Prevalence of illicit drug use in the USA is 14.6% among pregnant adolescents, 8.6% among pregnant young adults and 3.2% among pregnant adults. The first step in identifying problematic drug use during pregnancy is screening; however, no specific substance-use screener has been universally recommended for use with pregnant women to identify illicit or prescription-drug use. This study compares and validates three existing substance-use screeners for pregnancy—4 P’s Plus, National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) Quick Screen/Alcohol, Smoking, and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST) and the Substance Use Risk Profile-Pregnancy (SURP-P) scale.Methods and analysisThis is a cross-sectional study designed to evaluate the sensitivity, specificity and usability of existing substance-use screeners. Recruitment occurs at two obstetrics clinics in Baltimore, Maryland, USA. We are recruiting 500 participants to complete a demographic questionnaire, NIDA Quick Screen/ASSIST, 4 P’s Plus and SURP-P (ordered randomly) during their regularly scheduled prenatal appointment, then again 1 week later by telephone. Participants consent to multidrug urine testing, hair drug testing and allowing access to prescription drug and birth outcome data from electronic medical records. For each screener, reliability and validity will be assessed. Test–retest reliability analysis will be conducted by examining the results of repeated screener administrations within 1 week of original screener administrations for consistency via correlation analysis. Furthermore, we will assess if there are differences in the validity of each screener by age, race and trimester.Ethics and disseminationThis study is approved by the Institutional Review Board of the University of Maryland (HP-00072042), Baltimore, and Battelle Memorial Institute (0619–100106433). All participants are required to give their informed consent prior to any study procedure.
Visual–motor integration and fine motor skills at 6½ years of age and associations with neonatal brain volumes in children born extremely preterm in Sweden: a population-based cohort study
Authors: Bolk Jenny , Padilla Nelly , Forsman Lea , Broström Lina , Hellgren Kerstin , Åden Ulrika 
Published: February 2018

ObjectivesThis exploratory study aimed to investigate associations between neonatal brain volumes and visual–motor integration (VMI) and fine motor skills in children born extremely preterm (EPT) when they reached 6½ years of age.SettingProspective population-based cohort study in Stockholm, Sweden, during 3 years.ParticipantsAll children born before gestational age, 27 weeks, during 2004–2007 in Stockholm, without major morbidities and impairments, and who underwent MRI at term-equivalent age.Main outcome measuresBrain volumes were calculated using morphometric analyses in regions known to be involved in VMI and fine motor functions. VMI was assessed with The Beery-Buktenica Developmental Test of Visual–Motor Integration—sixth edition and fine motor skills were assessed with the manual dexterity subtest from the Movement Assessment Battery for Children—second edition, at 6½ years. Associations between the brain volumes and VMI and fine motor skills were evaluated using partial correlation, adjusted for total cerebral parenchyma and sex.ResultsOut of 107 children born at gestational age <27 weeks, 83 were assessed at 6½ years and 66/83 were without major brain lesions or cerebral palsy and included in the analyses. A representative subsample underwent morphometric analyses: automatic segmentation (n=34) and atlas-based segmentation (n=26). The precentral gyrus was associated with both VMI (r=0.54, P=0.007) and fine motor skills (r=0.54, P=0.01). Associations were also seen between fine motor skills and the volume of the cerebellum (r=0.42, P=0.02), brainstem (r=0.47, P=0.008) and grey matter (r=−0.38, P=0.04).ConclusionsNeonatal brain volumes in areas known to be involved in VMI and fine motor skills were associated with scores for these two functions when children born EPT without major brain lesions or cerebral palsy were evaluated at 6½ years of age. Establishing clear associations between early brain volume alterations and later VMI and/or fine motor skills could make early interventions possible.
Evolution of a holistic systems approach to planning and managing road safety: the Victorian case study, 1970–2015
Authors: Muir Carlyn , Johnston Ian R , Howard Eric 
Published: February 2018

BackgroundThe VictorianSafe Systemapproach to road safety slowly evolved from a combination of the SwedishVision Zerophilosophy and the Sustainable Safety model developed by the Dutch. TheSafe Systemapproach reframes the way in which road safety is viewed and managed.MethodsThis paper presents a case study of the institutional change required to underpin the transformation to a holistic approach to planning and managing road safety in Victoria, Australia.ResultsThe adoption and implementation of aSafe Systemapproach require strong institutional leadership and close cooperation among all the key agencies involved, and Victoria was fortunate in that it had a long history of strong interagency mechanisms in place. However, the challenges in the implementation of theSafe Systemstrategy in Victoria are generally neither technical nor scientific; they are predominantly social and political. While many governments purport to develop strategies based onSafe Systemthinking, on-the-ground action still very much depends on what politicians perceive to be publicly acceptable, and Victoria is no exception.ConclusionsThis is a case study of the complexity of institutional change and is presented in the hope that the lessons may prove useful for others seeking to adopt more holistic planning and management of road safety. There is still much work to be done in Victoria, but the institutional cultural shift has taken root. Ongoing efforts must be continued to achieve alert and compliant road users; however, major underpinning benefits will be achieved through focusing on road network safety improvements (achieving forgiving infrastructure, such as wire rope barriers) in conjunction with reviews of posted speed limits (to be set in response to the level of protection offered by the road infrastructure) and by the progressive introduction into the fleet of modern vehicle safety features.
Building the Child Safety Collaborative Innovation and Improvement Network: How does it work and what is it achieving?
Authors: Leonardo Jennifer B , Spicer Rebecca S , Katradis Maria , Allison Jennifer , Thomas Rebekah 
Published: February 2018

ObjectiveThis study investigated whether the Child Safety Collaborative Innovation and Improvement Network (CS CoIIN) framework could be applied in the field of injury and violence prevention to reduce fatalities, hospitalizations and emergency department visits among 0–19 year olds.SampleTwenty-one states/jurisdictions were accepted into cohort 1 of the CS CoIIN, and 14 were engaged from March 2016 through April 2017. A quality improvement framework was used to test, implement and spread evidence-based change ideas (strategies and programs) in child passenger safety, falls prevention, interpersonal violence prevention, suicide and self-harm prevention and teen driver safety.ProceduresOutcome and process measure data were analyzed using run chart rules. Descriptive data were analyzed for participation measures and descriptive statistics were produced. Qualitative data were analyzed to identify key themes.ResultsSeventy-six percent of CS CoIIN states/jurisdictions were engaged in activities and used data to inform decision making. Within a year, states/jurisdictions were able to test and implement evidence-based change ideas in pilot sites. A small group showed improvement in process measures and were ready to spread change ideas. Improvement in outcome measures was not achieved; however, 25% of states/jurisdictions identified data sources and reported on real-time outcome measures.ConclusionsEvidence indicates the CS CoIIN framework can be applied to make progress on process measures, but more time is needed to determine if this will result in progress on long-term outcome measures of fatalities, hospitalizations and emergency department visits. Seventeen states/jurisdictions will participate in cohort 2.
Newly designed 11-gene panel reveals first case of hereditary amyloidosis captured by massive parallel sequencing
Authors: Chyra Kufova Zuzana , Sevcikova Tereza , Januska Jaroslav , Vojta Petr , Boday Arpad , Vanickova Pavla , Filipova Jana , Growkova Katerina , Jelinek Tomas , Hajduch Marian , Hajek Roman 
Published: February 2018

AimsAmyloidosis is caused by deposition of abnormal protein fibrils, leading to damage of organ function. Hereditary amyloidosis represents a monogenic disease caused by germline mutations in 11 amyloidogenic precursor protein genes. One of the important but non-specific symptoms of amyloidosis is hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Diagnostics of hereditary amyloidosis is complicated and the real cause can remain overlooked. We aimed to design hereditary amyloidosis gene panel and to introduce new next-generation sequencing (NGS) approach to investigate hereditary amyloidosis in a cohort of patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy of unknown significance.MethodsDesign of target enrichment DNA library preparation using Haloplex Custom Kit containing 11 amyloidogenic genes was followed by MiSeq Illumina sequencing and bioinformatics identification of germline variants using tool VarScan in a cohort of 40 patients.ResultsWe present design of NGS panel for 11 genes (TTR,FGA,APOA1,APOA2,LYZ,GSN,CST3,PRNP,APP,B2M,ITM2B) connected to various forms of amyloidosis. We detected one mutation, which is responsible for hereditary amyloidosis. Some other single nucleotide variants are so far undescribed or rare variants or represent common polymorphisms in European population.ConclusionsWe report one positive case of hereditary amyloidosis in a cohort of patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy of unknown significance and set up first panel for NGS in hereditary amyloidosis. This work may facilitate successful implementation of the NGS method by other researchers or clinicians and may improve the diagnostic process after validation.
A case of paternal uniparental isodisomy for chromosome 7 associated with overgrowth
Authors: Nakamura Akie , Muroya Koji , Ogata-Kawata Hiroko , Nakabayashi Kazuhiko , Matsubara Keiko , Ogata Tsutomu , Kurosawa Kenji , Fukami Maki , Kagami Masayo 
Published: February 2018

BackgroundPaternal uniparental disomy for chromosome 7 (upd(7)pat) is extremely rare, and only four cases have been previously reported. As these cases were accompanied by autosomal-recessive disorders which are likely to be involved in growth restriction, the relevance of upd(7)pat to the overgrowth phenotype remains unclear. Here we describe one case of upd(7)pat with no additional genetic diseases, which may answer the question.MethodsA 5-year-old Japanese boy presented with a tall stature of unknown causes. To detect the genetic cause of the tall stature, we performed Sanger sequencing, targeted resequencing, comparative genomic hybridisation and single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array analyses, methylation analysis and microsatellite analysis.ResultsWe could not detect pathogenic variants in causative genes for overgrowth syndrome or apparent copy number alterations. DNA methylation analysis revealed hypomethylation at the GRB10, PEG1 and PEG10 differentially methylated regions. SNP array and microsatellite analyses suggested paternal uniparental isodisomy for chromosome 7. Furthermore, we could not identify homozygous mutations of known causative genes for inherited disorders on chromosome 7.ConclusionWe report the first case of upd(7)pat with an overgrowth phenotype.
Autophagic Flux Is Regulated by Interaction Between the C-terminal Domain of PATCHED1 and ATG101
Authors: Chen Xiaole , Morales-Alcala Cintli C. , Riobo-Del Galdo Natalia A. 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
The Hedgehog (Hh) receptor Patched1 (PTCH1) is a well-known tumor suppressor that in its active form represses Smoothened (SMO) activity, inhibits proliferation, and induces apoptosis. The cytoplasmic C-terminal domain (CTD) regulates PTCH1 turnover and nucleates a proapoptotic complex. In this study, it was mechanistically determined that Autophagy-related 101 (ATG101), essential for mammalian autophagy, physically interacts with the CTD of PTCH1 and connects it to the ULK complex, which stimulates the autophagy machinery in response to changes in nutrient availability. This interaction results in a blockade of basal autophagic flux and accumulation of autophagosomes with undegraded cargo. Remarkably, this function of PTCH1 is independent of its repressive activity on SMO, as shown in SMO-deficient cells or in the presence of a SMO inhibitor, but is opposed by Sonic Hedgehog (SHH). These findings reveal a novel noncanonical function of PTCH1 that limits autophagy, mediated by ATG101, which could have therapeutic implications in Hh-dependent cancers.
Implications: Loss-of-function of the tumor suppressor Patched1 might promote cancer cell fitness by increasing autophagic flux in response to metabolic or environmental stresses. Mol Cancer Res; 16(5); 909–19. ©2018 AACR.