bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Urban efflorescences of the global and the local: An analysis of the territory of Gipuzkoa (Spain)
Authors: Gonzalez Madalen 
Published: July 2018

Urban efflorescences of the global and the local: An analysis of the territory of Gipuzkoa (Spain).Madalen González Bereziartua¹ ¹ Área de Urbanismo, Escuela Técnica Superior de Arquitectura de San Sebastián, Universidad del País Vasco-Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV-EHU). Plaza Oñati, 2. 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián. E-mail: madalen@gmail.com. Tel. Num: 943015907 Keywords (3-5): Urban centrality, global exposure, territory of Gipuzkoa, spatial patterns Conference topics and scale: Tools of analysis in urban morphology, territorial scale The present study deals with the changes generated in the last decades by the increasing globalization in order to discern its influence on the urban structure of Gipuzkoa. The incidence of globalization in the processes of urban transformation is perceived, on the one hand, in the tendency towards the concentration of economic activities and, on the other, in the stimulus received by the local level and by the specialization, as generators of urban concentration. The urban forms that have arisen in this territory as a result of the global exposure present a varied typology as a consequence of the multiple scopes and scales in which they have been developed. Far from pretending to cover them all, the present study analyses a sample of urban processes and effects that have taken place in the territory of Gipuzkoa in the last decades, such as: science and technology parks, specialized networks around local products, processes of museification of industrial and rural environments, or expansion of the tourism services network. The study of these processes will attend both to their particular urban manifestation and to their territorial incidence, through the use of diverse sources and techniques to obtain a map in which they can be studied together. The resulting map of the sum of the different indicators will reveal characteristic spatial patterns of this centrality associated to the effect exercised by the sphere of the global over the local. References (100 words) Ascher, F. (2001), Los Nuevos Principios del Urbanismo (Alianza Editorial, Madrid, 2004). Castells, M. and Hall, P. (1994), Tecnópolis del mundo: la formación de los complejos industriales del siglo XXI (Alianza Editorial, Madrid, 2001). Ramos Truchero, G. (2013), “Alimentación e identidad territorial en la producción de queso Idiazabal”, Lurralde: investigación y espacio 36, 15-30. Sassen, S. (1991), La ciudad global: Nueva York, Londres, Tokio (Eudeba, Editorial Universitaria de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, 1999). Valenzuela Rubio, M. (2003), “Turismo y Patrimonio Utilitario. El discreto encanto de las actividades decadentes”, in Valenzuela Rubio, M. (ed.) Un mundo por descubrir en el siglo XXI, (Real Sociedad Geográfica, Madrid) 401-437.
El Patrimonio del Movimiento Moderno en la conformación de la ciudad. La Casa Guzmán de Alejandro de la Sota.
Authors: Carrau Carbonell Teresa , Burgos Vijande Alberto 
Published: July 2018

El Patrimonio del Movimiento Moderno en la conformación de la ciudad. La Casa Guzmán de Alejandro de la Sota. Alberto Burgos Vijande¹, Teresa Carrau Carbonell² ¹Departamento de Proyectos Arquitectónicos. Escuela Técnica Superior de Arquitectura de Valencia, UPV. Camino de Vera, s/n. 46022 Valencia ² Escuela de Doctorado. Departamento de Proyectos Arquitectónicos. Escuela Técnica Superior de Arquitectura de Valencia, UPV. Camino de Vera, s/n. 46022 Valencia E-mail: estudio@albertoburgos.es, teresa.carrau.es@gmail.com Keywords (3-5): Patrimonio, conservación, Movimiento Moderno, vivienda Conference topics and scale: City transformations La Casa Guzmán de Alejandro de la Sota, Maestro de la Arquitectura Moderna española, ha sido recientemente demolida. ¿Hacia dónde nos dirigimos y de donde venimos en la conformación del nuestras ciudades? Esta catástrofe cultural es un síntoma del modo en que la metrópoli evoluciona, atolondrada, ¿a la deriva?. “Que la vivienda unifamiliar como tema sea el tubo de ensayo, la preparación microscópica de las grandes experiencias”. La casa Guzmán supone la resolución de constantes preocupaciones sobre el habitar. Allí, Sota materializó temas como la relación del hombre con la naturaleza, el orden y libertad de circulaciones, la flexibilidad espacial, y tantos otros temas que se traducen y reflejan en la arquitectura de mayor escala, en la propia ciudad. ¿Donde estamos pues los arquitectos? Somos los responsables del devenir de nuestro Patrimonio, de la salvaguarda de la buena arquitectura y de la evolución constante de nuestra ciudad. El Patrimonio del Movimiento Moderno se hace frágil en este discurso. Apostemos por el, por nuestra cultura. Anticipémonos, como Le Corbusier en la salvaguarda de la Villa Savoie, con actitud productiva. La conservación de nuestro Patrimonio y por tanto el incremento del valor de la urbe comienza por la formación. Ya es mucho el camino recorrido, por organismos como Docomomo o la Fundación Alejandro de la Sota, que difunden y hacen accesible la arquitectura del siglo XX. Pero todavía hay mucho camino por recorrer, sigamos el consejo de Sota: ”Proteger el patrimonio no con ordenanzas, sino con sensibilidades es el único camino”. References (100 words) Allan, J (2012) “From Sentiment to Science”, in Docomomo Proceedings, Helsinki Burgos, A. (2011) Modernidad Atemporal (General Ediciones de Arquitectura, Valencia) Canziani, A. (ed.) (2009). Conservare l'architettura. Conservazione programmata per il patrimonio architettonico del XX secolo. (Electa, Milano) De la Sota, A. (2002) Escritos, conversaciones, conferencias (Gustavo Gili: Fundación Alejandro de la Sota, Madrid) Macdonald, S., Normandin, K., Kindred, B (ed.) (2007). Conservation of Modern Architecture (Donhead Publishing, Shaftesbury)
Transformative Urban Railway: Ankara Commuter Line and Lost Landscape
Authors: Bas Butuner Funda , Alanyalı Aral Ela , Çavdar Selin 
Published: July 2018

Transformative Urban Railway: Ankara Commuter Line and Lost LandscapeFunda Baş Bütüner¹, Ela Alanyalı Aral¹, Selin Çavdar² ¹Middle East Technical University. Department of Architecture. Ankara. Dumlupınar Bulvarı no:1 06800 Ankara Turkey ² Middle East Technical University. Department of City and Regional Planning. Ankara. Dumlupınar Bulvarı no:1 06800 Ankara Turkey E-mail: fbutuner@metu.edu.tr, earal@metu.edu.tr, selin.cavdar@gmail.com Keywords (3-5): urban railway, urban landscape, Ankara, commuter line, landscape infrastructure Conference topics and scale: Urban green space Being major transportation infrastructure of the 19th and early 20th centuries, the impacts of railways on cities have highly directed urban discourses; deforming material edge of cities, encouraging urban extension, formation of new territories, and speeding up urban development. However, in recent decades, with newly emerging discussions on landscape infrastructure, a new idea for a more integrated infrastructure and urban system has started to be formulated. Railway strips, occurring as terrains where solid-void morphology of cities becomes illegible, emerge as generators in the formation of new urban green network. Within this framework, Ankara commuter line that mark outs a route approximately 37 kilometers in length in the city, is a remarkable case for a motivating discussion on railway and landscape confrontation. Penetrating the city in east-west direction, the commuter line integrated with a rural landscape –covering vegetable gardens and creeks- that was serving as a recreational field for citizens until 1950s. However, the transformative nature of the railway, encouraged the development of new urban lands, industrial areas and neighborhoods along its route, and erased the characteristic landscape along the railway. The continuous landscape integrated with green, water and railway infrastructure became fragmented covering only some splits of green and water. In this respect, this study dwells on the lost landscape of the commuter line by mapping the fragmented continuity of the railway, green and water infrastructure from 1950’s until today to show the limited, but potential interaction of these three systems in the current urban fabric. References Allen, S. (1999). Infrastructural Urbanism, in Allen, S. (ed.) Points and Lines: Diagrams and Projects for The City (Princeton Architectural Press, New York) 40-89. Bertolini, L., Spit, T. (1998). Cities on Rails (Routledge, London). Hung, Y. (2013). Landscape Infrastructure: Systems of Contingency, Flexibility, and Adaptability, in Hung, Y., Aquino, G., Waldheim, C., Czerniak, J., Geuze, A., Robinson, A., Skjonsberg, M. (ed.) Landscape Infrastructure (Birkhauser, Basel) 14-19. Tatom, J. (2006). Urban Highways and the Reluctant Urban Realm. C. Waldheim (Ed.). The Landscape Urbanism Reader (Princeton Architectural Press, New York) 179-196. Waldheim, C. (2016). Landscape as Urbanism: A General Theory (Princeton University Press).
Marinilla´s cultural landscape and spacial characterization (Colombia)
Authors: Montoya Catalina , Escobar-Ocampo Lina María , Vélez-Venegas Claudia María 
Published: July 2018

Marinilla´s cultural landscape and spacial characterization (Colombia). Catalina Montoya Arenas¹, Lina María Escobar Ocampo¹, Claudia Maria Venegas Velez¹ ¹Facultad de Arquitectura, UPB. Circular 1 N°70-01 Medellin, Colombia. E-mail: catalina.montoyaarenas@upb.edu.co, lina.escobar@upb.edu.co, claudia.ve7@gmail.com Keywords (3-5): Cultural landscape, social management, heritage, spacial transformations, tourism Conference topics and scale: Stages in territorial configuration The historic center of Marinilla, National Monument since 1959, is located sixty minutes from Medellin at San Nicolas Valley. It has exceptional landscape conditions, highly productive lands, and a large percentage of the water reserve that supplies the region and the country, giving the territory an economic center character since the colony. These physical values make part of collective imagination as a recreation area and an opportunity for development in the 1960s, according to the construction of large national infrastructure works. At the same time, it was object of armed conflict in the 1980s and 1990s, and more recently, directly related to the spatial dynamics of the region: unplanned urban expansion, changes in land use and vegetation cover, with effects on the cultural landscape. In a post-conflict situation, the economic strategies of different actors trust on tourism as a social-spatial management strategy to improve the territory. However, the identity of rurality shows spatial imbalances without recognizing elements of historical construction whose legacies must be revealed to ensure equitable development. To do this, we propose an approach from the cultural landscape in a revision of the historical, symbolic and relational transformation through five systems (anthropic, productive, political, symbolic and spatial), analyzing competitiveness, tourism, landscape and social management, in different scales and during three historical moments. References (100 words) Busquets, J., and Cortina, A. (2009). Gestión del paisaje: Manual de protección, gestión y ordenación del paisaje. Ariel, Barcelona. Sierra, P. A. (2003). Periferias y nueva ciudad: el problema del paisaje en los procesos de dispersión urbana. Universidad de Sevilla. Barrera, S. (2014). Consideraciones teóricas para el análisis del paisaje. La Metodología de Los eventos relacionales. Perspectivas sobre el paisaje. Varón, D. C. Z. (2015). El derecho al paisaje en Colombia.: Consideraciones para la definición de su contenido, alcance y límites. U. Externado de Colombia. Olmo, R. M. (2008). El paisaje, patrimonio y recurso para el desarrollo territorial sostenible. Conocimiento y acción pública. Arbor, 184(729).
Historic-geographical and Typo-morphological assessment of Lefke town, North Cyprus
Authors: Nezhadmasoum Sanaz , Comert Nevter Zafer 
Published: July 2018

Historic-geographical and Typo-morphological assessment of Lefke town, North Cyprus Sanaz Nezhadmasoum¹, Nevter Zafer Comert² Department of Architecture. Eastern Mediterranean University. Famagusta. North Cyprus.Via Mersin 10. Turkey E-mail: sanaz.nezhadmasoum@gmail.com, nzafer@gmail.com Keywords: Historic-geographic approach, Typo-morphology, Urban form, Lefke town Conference topics and scale: Urban morphological methods and techniques Morphological analysis in cities have been employed to conduct the research on the urban form and fabric of the place, that helps to determine the conservation plans or strategies of towns that reveal clues to their own history (Whithand,2001). Such analysis methods are a process that reviews the evolution and evaluation of towns throughout history. This paper focuses on, Conzen’s and Caniggia’s ideas, MRG Conzen’s historic-geographical approaches (1968) on planning level and Caniggia’s typo-morphological process (2001) on architectural level. Those methodologies help to understand the transformation procedure of different regions of city throughout the years and recovering how the city elements and urban hierarchy are interrelated. Additionally, the focus of this paper is to study the town’s morphological transformations, regarding its spatial, geographical and historical combinations. Within this context, Geographical and historical surveys done on the whole town of Lefke, in north-west Cyprus, and a detailed explanation on the typo-morphological analyses of some particular regions will be given in this article. One of the significant character that makes the town unique is its historical background which lay down with an organic urban pattern from Ottoman period. Lefke town was first formed with a medieval character, and through centuries of functional and physical transformations, has been highly influenced by British extensions, which were either prearranged modifications affected by socio- natural, economic, and political situations, or instinctive and spontaneous changes. All these historical factors, along with its geographical features, make Lefke an interesting case to be studied with an urban typo-morphological approach. References Caniggia G, Maffei G., 2001, Interpreing Basic building Architectural composition and building typology Alinea editrice, Firenze, Italy Cömert, N. Z., &amp; Hoskara, S. O. (2013) ‘A typo-morphological study: the CMC industrial mass housing district, lefke, northern cyprus’, Open House International, 38(2), 16-30. Conzen, M. R. G. (1968) ‘The use of town plans in the study of urban history’, in Dyos, H. J. (ed.) The study of urban history (Edward Arnold, London) 113-30. Larkham, P. J. (2006) ‘The study of urban form in Great Britain’, Urban Morphology, 10(2), 117. Moudon, A. V. (1997) ‘Urban morphology as an emerging interdisciplinary field’, Urban morphology, 1(1), 3-10. Whitehand, J. W. (2001) ‘British urban morphology: the Conzenion tradition’, Urban Morphology, 5(2), 103-109.
The Diagonal City: crossing the social divisions
Authors: Gironi Roberta 
Published: July 2018

Roberta Gironi Departamento de Proyectos Arquitectónicos, UPV. Camino de Vera, s/n. 46022 Valencia Joint Doctorate Dipartimento di Architettura – Teorie e Progetto. “Sapienza” Università degli Studi di Roma. Via Gramsci, 53. 00100 Roma E-mail: roberta.gironi@gmail.com Keywords (3-5): Informal processes, dynamic transformation, new planning approach, flexible space, self-organization Conference topics and scale: Reading and regenerating the informal city Contemporary cities are affected by transformations that put in discussion the claim of control and stability to which the urban project aspires. All those gradual adjustments are manifested according to the demand, bring toward a less formal and more flexible spatial order, for which the traditional forms of the "static" city become the background of the "kinetic" landscape of informal cities. On the contrary of the formal processes of urban planning, informality process is configured as an organic development model and a flexible dynamic system opened to changes. The informal space is produced according to principles of spontaneity and self-organization. A consideration on the possibility to assume different approaches can be proposed. Those approaches should integrate in the design reasoning all the dynamics usually excluded by the discourse on the urban project, which processes can become catalysts to enrich the methods of planning and design of the urban space. Through the analysis of the case-study Previ Lima and the Living Room at the Border of St. Ysidro, the aim is to delineate in which way the contemporary architecture can absorb and metabolize these processes, triggering a different approach to a different method to intervene in the spaces of relationship among formal and informal. It is believed that the informal urban qualities cannot be eliminated and is impossible to ignore the inhabitants' practices, but rather to work on the intersection between collective and individual actions. References Brillembourg A., Feireiss K., Klumpner H. (2005), Informal City (Prestel Publishing, Munich) Cruz T. (2008), "De la frontière globale au quartier de frontière: pratiques d'empiètement", Multitudes, 31(1). Davis M. (2006), Planet of Slums (Verso, London). Hernandez F., Kellett P., Allen L.K. (2010), Rethinking the informal city: critical perspectives from Latin America (Berghahn books, New York, Oxford). McFarlane C., Waibel M., (2012), Urban Informalities: Reflections on the Formal and Informal (Ashgate, Farnham). Jacobs J. (1961), The death and life of great American cities(Random House, New York- Toronto). Roy A., Alsayyad N., (2004) Urban Informality: Transnational Perspectives from the Middle East, Latin America, and South Asia (Lexington Books, Lanham)
Selected issuesofthefuture environmental policy in Europewithspecialreferenceto urban developmentandtheexampleof a greeningproject in Berlin-Spandau
Authors: Lehmann Katharina 
Published: July 2018

SinceOctober 2015 thegovernmentofthefederalrepublicof Germany isdevelopinga national dialogue on thefuturedevelopmentofthe National StrategyforSustainabilitymade in 2016.The developmentismarkedbytheAgenda 2030 which was adoptedbythe United NationsforSustainable Development in 2015. Therefore, themajor global challenges must beaddressedby all meansofsustainabledevelopment, tryingtoreducehunger, poverty, lack ofeducationaswellas environmentalandclimateissues. All theseobjectivesareaddressedto all memberstatesofthe European Union, whichraisesthequestion: Howcanthenew global sustainabilitygoalsbeimplementedatthe national level? Whathasto happen in Germany tofurther promote sustainabledevelopment? The presentation will focus on thecurrentobjectivesof European environmental policyand will focus in particular on theobjectiveofsustainable urban development in Germany. Firstly, thepriorityobjectives will bedemonstrated, later on implementationstrategies will beexplained. An exampleof a greeningproject in thecenterof Berlin-Spandaufollows, demontrantingpracticalapplication. Thieprojectrealizedunderthesupervisionoftheauthoratthe University of Hamburg anddemonstratesstrategiesofgreeningthat not onlyimprovetheclimateofthecity but also reinforcesocialcohesionthroughitsplanningmeasures.
The forming process of Fiumicino
Authors: Strappa Giuseppe , Crognale Marta 
Published: July 2018

This analysis, carried out within the Lettura e Progetto Laboratory of "Sapienza" University of Rome and based on the “processual” method, proposes the reconstruction, through the reading and interpretation of the formative process, of the urban settlement of Fiumicino, on the east coast of Rome . The area was formed by a set of fragmented interventions developed in different phases, with heterogeneous destinations and, apparently, no relation of necessity. The site appears mainly linked to the development of illegal buildings that date back to the second postwar period. However, a deeper analysis based on the reading and interpretation of the character of the building fabric, shows the existence of a clear relation of historical continuity between the today town and the territorial structures developed starting from the ancient city of Portus. Through this reading emerges the plan of a town connected to the activities of Porto Canale (Channel Port) in function since XVI Century. From the analysis of the historical cartography appears as a matrix route based on the continuation of the ancient via Portuense was formed in time and developed on the building routes that have resulted. We believe that this is a remarkable case study that exemplifies the formation of local identity at the edge of the metropolis as over time the area has developed a complex structure, connected to port activities, that is now forming its own urban character and individuality, so that recently it was constituted in autonomous municipality. References Ciano, A. (1936) Il Porto urbano di Roma (Soc. Tipo-Litografica Ligure, Genova) Strappa,G. (2014) L’architettura come processo (Franco Angeli, Milano 2014) Strappa, G., Carlotti, P., Camiz, A. (2016) Urban Morphology and Historical Fabrics. Contemporary Design of Small Towns in Latium (Gangemi, Roma)
The long-term effects of static stretching at different times of day on hamstring peak torque and flexibility in trained individuals
Authors: Abdel-Aziem Amr Almaz , Draz Amira Hussin , Mosaad Dalia Mohammed 
Published: July 2018

PurposeThere is some recent evidence that temporal specificity is important for optimizing training for muscular performance. This study was to examine the long-term effects of static stretching performed at different times of day on hamstring torque and flexibility.MethodsThe total of 60 trained male subjects with tight hamstring were selected and randomly divided into 3 equal groups. Group A received static stretch in the morning (07:00–9:00), group B in the afternoon (13:00–16:00), and group C in the evening (18:00–20:00). The hamstring isokinetic concentric and eccentric peak torque and knee extension range of motion were assessed before and after 6 weeks of static stretching (3 repetitions of 30 s, 5 times/week).ResultsA statistically significant increase was observed in hamstring concentric and eccentric torque, and flexibility after static stretching at different times of day (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The concentric and eccentric torque post-training values were significantly higher than the pre-training values (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The hamstring flexibility post-training values of groups B and C were significantly higher than for group A (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The torque and flexibility change scores of groups B and C were significantly higher than for group A (<i>p</i> < 0.05), without any significant difference between groups B and C (<i>p</i> > 0.05).ConclusionsAfternoon and evening static stretching is more effective than morning stretching in improving the hamstring concentric and eccentric torque and flexibility. Therefore, static stretching is a time-dependent task and should be scheduled by clinicians, coaches, and athletes in the afternoon or evening.