bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bisphenol A Promotes the Invasive and Metastatic Potential of Ductal Carcinoma In Situ and Protumorigenic Polarization of Macrophages
Authors: Kim Hyelim , Kim Hoe Suk , Piao Yin Ji , Moon Woo Kyung 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Increased cancer risk and immune disorders linked with exposure to environmental endocrine disruptors like bisphenol A (BPA) have been steadily reported. Nevertheless, the impacts of BPA on the breast ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) progression and macrophage polarization remain to be elucidated. Here, we analyzed the differentially expressed genes in BPA-exposed DCIS cells and explored BPA effects on DCIS progression and macrophage polarization in vitro and in vivo. Two hundred and ninety-one genes were differentially expressed in 10−8 M BPA-exposed DCIS cells, in which the gene ontology terms of biological processes associated with negative regulation of cell death, cell adhesion, and immune response was enriched. 10−8 M BPA promoted the proliferation and migration of DCIS cells and the migration of macrophages, and upregulated the expression of M1 (NOS2) or M2 markers (Arg-1 and CD206) in macrophages. In coculture system, the migratory capacity of both cells and the expression levels of NOS2, Arg-1, and CD206 in macrophages were significantly enhanced upon 10−8 M BPA. In a DCIS xenograft model, oral exposure to an environmentally human-relevant low dose of 2.5 µg/l BPA for 70 days via drinking water led to an approximately 2-fold promotion in the primary tumor growth rate and a significant enhancement of lymph node metastasis along with increased protumorigenic CD206+ M2 polarization of macrophages. These results demonstrate that BPA acts as an accelerator to promote DCIS progression to invasive breast cancer by affecting DCIS cell proliferation and migration as well macrophage polarization toward a protumorigenic phenotype.
Influenza passaging annotations: what they tell us and why we should listen
Authors: DuPai Cory D , McWhite Claire D , Smith Catherine B , Garten Rebecca , Maurer-Stroh Sebastian , Wilke Claus O 
Published: May 2019

AbstractInfluenza databases now contain over 100,000 worldwide sequence records for strains influenza A(H3N2) and A(H1N1). Although these data facilitate global research efforts and vaccine development practices, they also represent a stumbling block for researchers because of their confusing and heterogeneous annotation. Unclear passaging annotations are particularly concerning given the recent work highlighting the presence and risk of false adaptation signals introduced by cell passaging of viral isolates. With this in mind, we aim to provide a concise outline of why viruses are passaged, a clear overview of passaging annotation nomenclature currently in use, and suggestions for a standardized nomenclature going forward. Our hope is that this summary will empower researchers and clinicians alike to more easily understand a virus sample’s passage history when analyzing influenza sequences.
Police, Waterworks, and the Construction of the U.S.-Mexico Border, 1924–1954
Authors: Alvarez C J 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
This article examines four major building projects on the U.S.-Mexico border: the straightening of the Rio Grande around El Paso–Ciudad Juárez, the assemblage of the first large-scale border fence, the fabrication of early Border Patrol watchtowers, and the construction of Falcon Dam. These were the first major efforts to transform the international divide through the built environment. By putting these seemingly dissimilar initiatives into conversation with one another, we can better understand the connections between the Immigration and Naturalization Service and the little-known International Boundary and Water Commission; rethink how the political and social construction of the border was achieved through literal, physical construction; and generate new ways of linking border and environmental history.
The Revised Hearing Handicap Inventory and Screening Tool Based on Psychometric Reevaluation of the Hearing Handicap Inventories for the Elderly and Adults
Authors: Cassarly Christy , Matthews Lois J. , Simpson Annie N. , Dubno Judy R. 
Published: May 2019

Objectives:
The present study evaluates the items of the Hearing Handicap Inventory for the Elderly and Hearing Handicap Inventory for Adults (HHIE/A) using Mokken scale analysis (MSA), a type of nonparametric item response theory, and develops updated tools with optimal psychometric properties.

Design:
In a longitudinal study of age-related hearing loss, 1447 adults completed the HHIE/A and audiometric testing at baseline. Discriminant validity of the emotional consequences and social/situational effects subscales of the HHIE/A was assessed, and nonparametric item response theory was used to explore dimensionality of the items of the HHIE/A and to refine the scales.

Results:
The HHIE/A items form strong unidimensional scales measuring self-perceived hearing handicap, but with a lack of discriminant validity of the two distinct subscales. Two revised scales, the 18-item Revised Hearing Handicap Inventory and the 10-item Revised Hearing Handicap Inventory—Screening, were developed from the common items of the original HHIE/A that met the assumptions of MSA. The items on both of the revised scales can be ordered in terms of increasing difficulty.

Conclusions:
The results of the present study suggest that the newly developed Revised Hearing Handicap Inventory and Revised Hearing Handicap Inventory—Screening are strong unidimensional, clinically informative measures of self-perceived hearing handicap that can be used for adults of all ages. The real-data example also demonstrates that MSA is a valuable alternative to classical psychometric analysis.
Factors Predictive of Blocking Screw Placement in Retrograde Nailing of Distal Femur Fractures
Authors: Schumaier Adam P. , Southam Brendan R. , Avilucea Frank R. , Finnan Ryan P. , Wyrick John D. , Archdeacon Michael T. , Le Theodore T. 
Published: May 2019

Objectives:
(1) Identify factors that predict blocking screw placement in the treatment of a distal femur fracture with retrograde nail fixation and (2) determine whether acceptable alignment and stability were achieved in fractures that received blocking screws.

Design:
Retrospective Comparative Study.

Setting:
Level I Trauma Center.

Patients/Participants:
Between 2011 and 2017, we identified 84 patients with distal third femur fractures treated with a retrograde femoral nail. Data were analyzed according to those who did (BLOCK, n = 30) and did not (NO BLOCK, n = 54) receive blocking screws. Patients in both groups were treated by orthopaedic trauma surgeons; postoperative weight-bearing radiographs were obtained of every patient.

Intervention:
Fixation using a retrograde femoral nail with or without blocking screws. Blocking screws were placed at the discretion of the treating surgeon to reduce malaligned fractures or improve stability.

Main Outcome Measurements:
(1) Demographics, radiographic apparent bone gap (RABG), space available for the nail (SAFN), and distal segment length [as a ratio of bicondylar width (BCW)]; and (2) post-operative alignment and stability (change in alignment over time).

Results:
Patients treated with blocking screws had a higher body mass index (BMI) (BLOCK: 29.0, NO BLOCK 25.7, P = 0.03). In addition, the BLOCK group had larger RABGs (BLOCK: 8.2 mm, NO BLOCK: 3.6 mm, P = 0.02), more SAFN (BLOCK: 51.4 mm, NO BLOCK: 39.8 mm, P = 0.02), and shorter distal segments (BLOCK: 1.7 × BCW, NO BLOCK: 2.0 × BCW, P = 0.01). In a multivariable logistic regression, the combination of these factors was significantly predictive of blocking screw placement with a large effect size (R2 = 0.36, P < 0.01). A distal segment length ≤ ×2 BCW was 77% sensitive for blocking screw placement, and a BMI ≥25 kg/m2 was 70% sensitive. Negative predictive values for blocking screw placement were distal segment length > ×2 BCW (79%), BMI <25 kg/m2 (77%), RABG <4 mm (76%), and SAFN <50 mm (71%). Patients that received blocking screws had acceptable postoperative alignment and stability, similar to fractures that did not receive blocking screws (P > 0.05).

Conclusions:
This retrospective study of distal femur fractures treated with retrograde nails identified several factors that can be used to predict when blocking screw placement may be useful for increasing stability and maintaining alignment in distal third femur fractures treated with retrograde IM nails. Patients treated with blocking screws had a higher BMI, greater cortical bone loss, more SAFN, and shorter distal segments. There was no difference in postoperative alignment or stability between the 2 groups.

Level of Evidence:
Prognostic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Role of Histopathology in the Diagnosis of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis: A Case–Control Study in Sri Lanka
Authors: Thilakarathne Iresha K. , Ratnayake Palitha , Vithanage Anoma , Sugathadasa Dammika P. 
Published: May 2019

Abstract:
Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) displays a spectrum of manifestations clinically and histologically. Then, it becomes a diagnostic challenge and must discern from the other clinical and histological mimics, especially when the Leishman-Donovan bodies are inattentive. In this study, we compared the distinguishing histomorphological characteristics of CL against the other skin diseases with similar clinical and histological features. Skin biopsies of 181 patients, which suspect CL clinically, are evaluated histologically. Pertaining to the first case–control comparison, which performed between skin lesions of CL with or without discernible organisms and the other granulomatous dermatitis, highlighted that the ill-formed coalescent granulomata (OR = 14.83) and diffuse dense dermal plasma cell infiltrate (OR = 74.25) are significantly associated with the skin lesions of CL. The second case–control analysis was between CL without discernible organisms and the other granulomatous dermatitis, and identified a significant association in the presence of ill-formed coalescent granulomata (OR = 16.94) and diffuse dense (>50/HPF) dermal plasma cell infiltrate (OR = 74.5) in the skin lesions of CL. Pertaining to epidermal changes, acanthosis (OR = 2.38), spongiosis (OR = 9.13), and the presence of ulceration (OR = 20.26) are among the major concerns in CL. In conclusion, in the presence of clinical suspicion, dermal granulomata in ill-formed coalescent morphology with high plasma cell density in a diffuse arrangement are positive factors for the diagnosis of CL, especially when the discernible Leishmania amastigotes are absent. Resource utilization such as polymerase chain reaction and other ancillary techniques during the diagnosis of CL can be minimized by using a range of histopathological features and special attention should be focused on this in the future.
Effects of 8 weeks of moderate-intensity resistance training on muscle changes in postmenopausal women with different angiotensin-converting enzyme insertion/deletion polymorphisms of interest
Authors: He Lingxiao , Zhang Xinming , Lv Yuanyuan , Gu Boya , Zhao Li 
Published: May 2019

Abstract

Objective:
The aim of the study was to explore the association between angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism and muscle adaptations to moderate-intensity resistance training in postmenopausal women.

Methods:
Forty healthy postmenopausal Chinese women (aged 53-66 years) were recruited and grouped by ACE I/D polymorphism (the homozygous deletion genotype [DD], n = 12; the I allele carriers [II/ID], n = 28). All participants performed an 8-week full-body resistance training program at moderate intensity with 15-repetition maximum. Upper- and lower-limb muscle mass, grip and back strength, anatomical cross-sectional area of the rectus femoris (ACSARF), isokinetic knee extension strength (MVCKE) and knee flexion strength were measured before and after training.

Results:
Our results showed significant genotype × time interaction in ACSARF and MVCKE (P = 0.007 and P = 0.03, respectively) with the DD group having greater changes in corresponding parameters than the I-allele carriers (P = 0.012 and P = 0.018, respectively). Multivariate linear regression results showed that the ACE DD genotype was positively related to the grip strength adaptation (r = 0.48, P = 0.05).

Conclusions:
This study improves our understanding of the association between the ACE I/D polymorphism and muscular responses to moderate intensity resistance training among postmenopausal women and revealed that the DD genotype has predominant adaptations in grip strength, rectus femoris size, and knee extensor strength.
Technology of percutaneous cannulated screw implantation using screw view model of navigation in Garden type I of femoral neck fracture
Authors: Yu Tong , Yuan Bao-Ming , Zhang Xi-Wen , Wang Dong-Sheng , Jiang Yi-Kun , Dong Rong-Peng , Kang Ming-Yang , Zhao Xin , Zhao Jian-Wu 
Published: May 2019

Abstract

Rationale:
The aim of the present study was to assess the efficacy and safety of percutaneous cannulated screw (PCS) implantation assisted by screw view model of navigation (SVMN) to treat femoral neck fracture (FNF).

Patient concerns:
A 42-year-old male patient suffered from a high falling injury, causing pain, swelling, deformity, and limited mobility on his right hip.

Diagnoses:
He was diagnosed with Garden type I of FNF.

Interventions:
PCS implantation assisted by SVMN was used to treat fracture of femoral neck in this patient.

Outcomes:
The follow up lasted for 48 months. A total of 3 screws were inserted into femoral neck, all exhibiting excellent position. The mean screw deviation was 0.43° and 5.73° of femoral neck-shaft and anteversion angle, respectively. The guide wire drilling attempt of each screw was one-time. The fluoroscopic time lasted 6.3 minutes, the Harris hip scores improved from 67 to 88, and the blood loss was 35 mL. It took 11.7 minutes for designing the screws, 13.9 minutes for implanting the guide wires, and 37.3 minutes for placing the screws. No clinical complications were found during 48-month follow-up visit, including head penetration, implant failure, fracture nonunion, and femoral head osteonecrosis.

Lessons:
The study revealed that SVMN is conducive to the PCS insertion for FNF. Our lesson is that the FNF must be well reduction before SVMN assisted PCS placement.
Primary large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the upper ureter
Authors: Choi Jae Hwi , Sol Yoon , Lee Sin Woo , Jeh Seong Uk , Hwa Jeong Seok , Hyun Jae Seog , Chung Ky Hyun , Seo Deok Ha , Yang Jung Wook , Song Dae Hyun , Choi See Min 
Published: May 2019

AbstractRationale:The incidence of primary large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC) is extremely rare in the urinary tract. In the present study, we investigated a case of primary LCNEC associated with the upper ureter.Patient concern:A 58-year-old Korean female patient with right ureter mass, which was accidentally detected. An enhancing mass measuring 3.3 cm in size was found in the computed tomography (CT) scan. No definitive evidence of lymph node and distant metastasis was observed.Diagnosis:Histopathological analysis revealed large atypical epithelial cells in upper ureter mass, based on neuroendocrine morphology. Immunohistochemistry was positive for synaptophysin, CD 56, and cytokeratin. Accordingly, the upper ureter mass was finally diagnosed as LCNEC stage III, pT3 cN0 cM0.Intervention:Right nephroureterectomy was conducted.Outcomes:Multiple metastatic lesions were detected in the right adrenal, paracaval, and right pararenal space of the patient in a CT scan 3 months post-surgery. The patient chemotherapy and radiation therapy were proceeded for metastatic and recurred mass. But patient died by multiorgan failureLessons:In summary, this case study demonstrated that LCNEC can develop even in the upper ureter for the first time, despite the absence of neuroendocrine cells in the normal urothelium. The occurrence of LCNEC in the ureter is still very rare but is possible. Therefore, further studies are needed to establish appropriate treatment strategies.
Feasibility and effectiveness assessment of a mobile application for subhealth management
Authors: Shin Seungwon , Oh Hyunjoo , Kang Minsu , Park Minyoung , Koh Byung-Hee , Hwang Minwoo 
Published: May 2019

Abstract

Introduction:

Mibyeongbogam (MBBG) is a mobile application developed for subhealth status self-management in the Republic of Korea. It aims to assess a user's subhealth status, and then to recommend relevant traditional Korean medicine (TKM)-based health-promoting strategies. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of MBBG's employment for the subhealth management of general healthy adults.

Methods:
This is a prospective, open-label, parallel group, randomized controlled trial that will seek to enroll 150 healthy adults, aged 30 to 49 years old, from 2 hospitals in the Republic of Korea. The eligible participants will then be randomly allocated to either the MBBG or control group, at a 1:1 allocation ratio. The MBBG group will use the application for 12 weeks, while the control group will undergo no intervention. The awareness of subhealth status will be primarily assessed. Health promoting behaviors, quality of life, TKM-based health questionnaires, and physical examination results will be assessed as secondary outcomes.

Discussion:
The primary endpoint will be tested with a 2-sample t test, or a Wilcoxon rank sum test. Any other continuous variables will be tested via an analysis of covariance, while categorical variables will be tested by a Chi-squared or Fisher exact test. Repeated measure analysis of variance will be performed to explore any in-group differences. The results will be addressed with a 95% confidence interval. We expect that MBBG will be the 1st TKM-based mobile application to be feasible for primary care in subhealth management.

Trial registration:
CRIS (Clinical Research Information Service), KCT0003488, February 11, 2019
The safety and efficacy of dexmedetomidine versus propofol for patients undergoing endovascular therapy for acute stroke
Authors: Wu Bin , Hu Hongping , Cai Ailan , Ren Chunguang , Liu Shengjie 
Published: May 2019

Abstract

Background:
It is uncertain if dexmedetomidine has more favorable pharmacokinetic profile than the traditional sedative drug propofol in patients who undergo endovascular therapy for acute stroke. We conducted a prospective randomized control trial to compare the safety and efficacy of dexmedetomidine with propofol for patients undergoing endovascular therapy for acute stroke.

Methods:
A total of 80 patients who met study inclusion criteria were received either propofol (n = 45) or dexmedetomidine (n = 35) between January 2016 and August 2018. We recorded the favorable neurologic outcome (modified Rankin score <3) both at discharge and 3 months after stroke, National Institute of Health Stroke scale (NIHSS) at 48 hours post intervention, modified thrombolysis in myocardial infarction score on digital subtraction angiography, intraprocedural hemodynamics, recovery time, relevant time intervals, satisfaction score of the surgeon, mortality, and complications.

Results:
There were no significant differences between the 2 groups (P > .05) with respect to heart rate, respiratory rate, and SPO2 during the procedure. The mean arterial pressure (MAP) was significantly low in the propofol group until 15 minutes after anesthesia was induced. No difference was recorded between the groups at the incidence of fall in MAP >20%, MAP >40% and time spent with MAP fall >20% from baseline MAP. In the propofol group, the time spent with MAP fall >40% from baseline MAP was significantly long (P < .05). Midazolam and fentanyl were similar between the 2 groups (P > .05) that used vasoactive drugs. The time interval from stroke onset to CT room, from stroke onset to groin puncture, and from stroke onset to recanalization/end of the procedure, was not significantly different between the 2 groups (P > .05). The recovery time was longer in the dexmedetomidine group (P < .05). There was no difference between the groups with respect to complications, favorable neurological outcome, and mortality both at hospital discharge and 3 months later, successful recanalization and NIHSS score after 48 hours (P > .05). However, the satisfaction score of the surgeon was higher in the dexmedetomidine group (P < .05).

Conclusions:
Dexmedetomidine was undesirable than propofol as a sedative agent during endovascular therapy in patients with acute stroke for a long-term functional outcome, though the satisfaction score of the surgeon was higher in the dexmedetomidine group.
Comparison of the Glasgow-Blatchford and Rockall Scores for prediction of nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding outcomes in Chinese patients
Authors: Lu Mingliang , Sun Gang , Huang Hua , Zhang Xiaomei , Xu Youqing , Chen Shiyao , Song Ying , Li Xueliang , Lv Bin , Ren Jianlin , Chen Xueqing , Zhang Hui , Mo Chen , Wang Yanzhi , Yang Yunsheng 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
The Glasgow-Blatchford scores (GBS) and Rockall scores (RS) are commonly used for stratifying patients with nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage (NVUGIH). Although predictive value of these scoring methods has been extensively validated, their clinical effectiveness remains unclear. The following study evaluated the GBS and RS scoring system with reference to bleeding, needs for further surgery, endoscopic intervention and death, in order to verify their effectiveness and accuracy in clinical application.
Patients who presented with NVUGIH, or who were consequently diagnosed with the disease (by endoscopy examination) between January 1, 2008, and December 31, 2012 were enrolled in the study. GBS and RS scores were compared to predict bleeding, the needs for further surgery, endoscopic intervention, death by ROC curves and AUC value.
Among 2977 patients, the pre-endoscopic RS and complete RS score (CRS) were superior to the GBS score (AUC: 0.842 vs 0.804 vs 0.622, respectively) for predicting the mortality risk in patients. The pre-endoscopic RS score predicting re-bleeding was significantly higher than the CRS and the GBS score (AUC: 0.658 vs 0.548 vs 0.528, respectively). In addition, the 3 scoring systems revealed to be poor predictors of surgical operation effectiveness (AUC: 0.589 vs 0.547 vs 0.504, respectively).
Our data demonstrated that the GBS and RS scoring systems could be used to predict outcomes in patients with nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding.
Can early rehabilitation after osteoarthritis reduce knee and hip arthroplasty risk?
Authors: Chen Wei-Heng , Tsai Wen-Ching , Wang Hsing-Ting , Wang Chun-Hsiang , Tseng Yuan-Tsung 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
This retrospective cohort study evaluated the effects of different frequencies of physical therapy intervention on the total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and total hip arthroplasty (THA) risk of osteoarthritis (OA) patients.
We sampled 438,833 insurants from Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database for patients diagnosed as having OA during 2000 to 2013. OA who received physical therapy within in the first year of OA diagnosis were divided based on the number of sessions they received in that first year: >24, 13–23, and <12 sessions.
The results revealed that the TKA and THA incidence rates among patients aged 60 to 80 years were respectively 3.5% and 0.9% in the >24 cohort and 4.9% and 1.4% (all P < .001) in the comparison cohort. Moreover, the HRs of TKA and THA in the >24 cohort were 0.77 (0.67–0.87, P < .001) and 0.71 (0.53–0.96, P = .024), respectively. By contrast, no significant differences were noted between the 13–23 and <12 cohorts and their respective comparison cohorts.
In conclusion, our study results indicated that elderly patients aged 60 to 80 years who underwent >24 physical therapy sessions within 1 year of receiving an OA diagnosis exhibited reduced of TKA and THA risks.