bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synergistic Retrieval of Multitemporal Aerosol Optical Depth Over North China Plain Using Geostationary Satellite Data of Himawari‐8
Authors: Shi Shuaiyi , Cheng Tianhai , Gu Xingfa , Letu Husi , Guo Hong , Chen Hao , Wang Ying , Wu Yu 
Published: May 2018

AbstractAn N‐Dimensional Cost Function (NDCF) method is introduced in this paper to simultaneously retrieve aerosol optical depth (AOD) at multiple time points by exploiting multitemporal data synergy from geostationary satellite. In the proposed method, the number of remote sensing observations used is flexible, the bidirectional reflectance effect is considered, and AOD variation in different observations is allowed. Sensitivity study shows that the relative error of the retrieved AOD decreases as the dimension of the cost function increases. The retrieval accuracy of NDCF method has been improved more than 3 times by changing the dimension of the cost function from 2 to 13. The relative error of the retrieved AOD is less than 20% if viewing zenith angle is less than 70° for dark surface or 60° for bright surface. The proposed method is applied to Advanced Himawari Imager data on board Himawari‐8 over North China Plain. Case study shows that the retrieved AOD by NDCF method demonstrates the same time variation tendency with the AErosol RObotic NETwork (AERONET) AOD measurement as well as the similar spatial distribution characteristic with Moderate‐resolution Imaging Spectrometer AOD product. The validation result shows that the NDCF method demonstrates the considerable AOD retrieval accuracy in all the three selected AERONET sites of Beijing‐Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences (CAMS) (slope = 0.826, R2 = 0.832), XiangHe (slope = 0.879, R2 = 0.836), and XuZhou‐China University of Mining and Technology (CUMT) (slope = 0.889, R2 = 0.730). The expected error of the NDCF method is estimated as Δτ = ±0.08 ± 0.19τ. Compared to the official Himawari product, the NDCF method improves the AOD retrieval accuracy and retrieval applicability over North China Plain of Himawari‐8/Advanced Himawari Imager data.
The Oral Microbiome Bank of China
Authors: Xian Peng , Xuedong Zhou , Xin Xu , Yuqing Li , Yan Li , Jiyao Li , Xiaoquan Su , Shi Huang , Jian Xu , Ga Liao 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe human microbiome project (HMP) promoted further understanding of human oral microbes. However, research on the human oral microbiota has not made as much progress as research on the gut microbiota. Currently, the causal relationship between the oral microbiota and oral diseases remains unclear, and little is known about the link between the oral microbiota and human systemic diseases. To further understand the contribution of the oral microbiota in oral diseases and systemic diseases, a Human Oral Microbiome Database (HOMD) was established in the US. The HOMD includes 619 taxa in 13 phyla, and most of the microorganisms are from American populations. Due to individual differences in the microbiome, the HOMD does not reflect the Chinese oral microbial status. Herein, we established a new oral microbiome database—the Oral Microbiome Bank of China (OMBC, http://www.sklod.org/ombc). Currently, the OMBC includes information on 289 bacterial strains and 720 clinical samples from the Chinese population, along with lab and clinical information. The OMBC is the first curated description of a Chinese-associated microbiome; it provides tools for use in investigating the role of the oral microbiome in health and diseases, and will give the community abundant data and strain information for future oral microbial studies.
Long-term weathering rate of stained-glass windows using H and O isotopes
Authors: Sessegolo Loryelle , Verney-Carron Aurélie , Saheb Mandana , Remusat Laurent , Gonzalez-Cano Adriana , Nuns Nicolas , Mertz Jean-Didier , Loisel Claudine , Chabas Anne 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe understanding of glass alteration is a biogeochemical, industrial, societal (radioactive waste confinement), and cultural heritage issue. Studies have been mainly performed in aqueous conditions. However, glass reactivity under hydraulically unsaturated conditions may be more important than previously recognized. In this context, we evaluate here the role of the alteration layer formed on medieval stained-glass windows on the ongoing alteration in unsaturated conditions. H2O adsorption isotherms were measured to study the relation between the vapor sorption and the relative humidity inside the alteration layer. From it, the average pore radius was calculated, yielding a water vapor diffusion coefficient of 7.8 × 10-7 m² s-1 inside the pore network. Experiments using doped water vapor (D218O) confirm the vapor transport up to the alteration front via fractures and pore network. They also demonstrate that the alteration mainly progresses via an interdiffusion mechanism. The calculated interdiffusion coefficients at 20 °C are 3.6 × 10-20 m2 s-1 at 70% RH and 4.9 × 10-20 m2 s-1 at 90% RH, which is similar to the values measured on model stained-glass samples altered in short durations (1–4 years). Therefore, this study highlights that, given its morphology, the alteration layer is not protective against vapor transport and interdiffusion.
Discrete taxa of saprotrophic fungi respire different ages of carbon from Antarctic soils
Authors: Newsham Kevin K. , Garnett Mark H. , Robinson Clare H. , Cox Filipa 
Published: May 2018

AbstractDifferent organic compounds have distinct residence times in soil and are degraded by specific taxa of saprotrophic fungi. It hence follows that specific fungal taxa should respire carbon of different ages from these compounds to the atmosphere. Here, we test whether this is the case by radiocarbon (14C) dating CO2evolved from two gamma radiation-sterilised maritime Antarctic soils inoculated with pure single cultures of four fungi. We show that a member of the Helotiales, which accounted for 41–56% of all fungal sequences in the two soils, respired soil carbon that was aged up to 1,200 years BP and which was 350–400 years older than that respired by the other three taxa. Analyses of the enzyme profile of the Helotialean fungus and the fluxes and δ13C values of CO2that it evolved suggested that its release of old carbon from soil was associated with efficient cellulose decomposition. Our findings support suggestions that increases in the ages of carbon respired from warmed soils may be caused by changes to the abundances or activities of discrete taxa of microbes, and indicate that the loss of old carbon from soils is driven by specific fungal taxa.
Paradoxical cardiotoxicity of intraperitoneally-injected epigallocatechin gallate preparation in diabetic mice
Authors: Rasheed Nora O. Abdel , Ahmed Lamiaa A. , Abdallah Dalaal M. , El-Sayeh Bahia M. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractNumerous clinical and bioavailability studies addressed epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) beneficial effects; however, our previous work revealed EGCG-induced nephrotoxicity in the presence of diabetes. In this study, the potential myocardial toxicity of EGCG preparation (100 mg/kg/day, IP; 4 days) in diabetic mice injected with streptozotocin (STZ; 150 mg/kg, IP) was investigated. Diabetic mice receiving EGCG preparation showed electrocardiographic changes in addition to elevation of both serum creatine kinase-MB and troponin-I levels accompanied by microscopic myocardial damage. Additionally, myocardial NADPH oxidase, lipid peroxides and nitrotyrosine were increased in the vicinity of decreases of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2, hemeoxygenase-1, reduced glutathione, total antioxidant capacity, glutathione peroxidase and reductase and heat shock protein 90. Moreover, in diabetic mice, EGCG preparation increased myocardial nuclear factor-kappa B and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in addition to pronounced overexpression of inducible nitric oxide synthase and active caspase-3. Therefore, this study substantiates that EGCG-mediated deterioration compromises diabetes-induced cardiotoxicity to solidify our previous report for its potential nephrotoxicity in the same experimental setting.
Shining Light on Molecular Mechanism for Odor-selectivity of CNT-immobilized Olfactory Receptor
Authors: Zhang Liyun , Yuan Yuan , Ren Tian , Guo Yanzhi , Li Chuan , Pu Xuemei 
Published: May 2018

AbstractOlfactory receptor (OR)-based bioelectronic nose is a new type of bio-affinity sensor applied for detecting numerous odorant molecules. In order to elucidate the effect of the adsorption of nanomaterial carriers on the receptor structure and its selectivity to odors, we used a systematic computation-scheme to study two OR models immobilized onto carbon nanotube. Our result indicates that there is a multistep OR-adsorption process driven by hydrophobic interaction. Many allosteric communication pathways exist between the absorbed residues and the pocket ones, leading to a significant shrinkage of the pocket. Consequently, the size-selectivity of the receptor to the odors is changed to some extent. But, the odor size and its hydrophobicity, rather than specific functional groups of the odor, still play a determinant role in binding OR, at least for the 132 odors under study. Regardless of the limitation for the odor size in initial recognition, the different-size odors could induce significant changes in the pocket conformation so that it could better match the pocket space, indicating the importance of the ligand-fit binding. Due to the CNT-induced shrinkage of the pocket, the CNT immobilization could increase the binding affinity through enhancing van der Waals interaction, in particular for the large odors.
Pdr18 is involved in yeast response to acetic acid stress counteracting the decrease of plasma membrane ergosterol content and order
Authors: Godinho Cláudia P. , Prata Catarina S. , Pinto Sandra N. , Cardoso Carlos , Bandarra Narcisa M. , Fernandes Fábio , Sá-Correia Isabel 
Published: May 2018

AbstractSaccharomyces cerevisiae has the ability to become less sensitive to a broad range of chemically and functionally unrelated cytotoxic compounds. Among multistress resistance mechanisms is the one mediated by plasma membrane efflux pump proteins belonging to the ABC superfamily, questionably proposed to enhance the kinetics of extrusion of all these compounds. This study provides new insights into the biological role and impact in yeast response to acetic acid stress of the multistress resistance determinant Pdr18 proposed to mediate ergosterol incorporation in plasma membrane. The described coordinated activation of the transcription of PDR18 and of several ergosterol biosynthetic genes (ERG2-4, ERG6, ERG24) during the period of adaptation to acetic acid inhibited growth provides further support to the involvement of Pdr18 in yeast response to maintain plasma membrane ergosterol content in stressed cells. Pdr18 role in ergosterol homeostasis helps the cell to counteract acetic acid-induced decrease of plasma membrane lipid order, increase of the non-specific membrane permeability and decrease of transmembrane electrochemical potential. Collectively, our results support the notion that Pdr18-mediated multistress resistance is closely linked to the status of plasma membrane lipid environment related with ergosterol content and the associated plasma membrane properties.
Harmless sea snail parasite causes mass mortalities in numerous commercial scallop populations in the northern hemisphere
Authors: Kristmundsson Árni , Freeman Mark Andrew 
Published: May 2018

AbstractApicomplexans comprise a group of unicellular, often highly pathogenic, obligate parasites exploiting either one or two hosts to complete a full reproductive cycle. For decades, various scallop populations have suffered cyclical mass mortality events, several of which shown to be caused by apicomplexan infections. We report the first dual mollusc life cycle for an apicomplexan: a species highly pathogenic in various pectinid bivalve species, but apathogenic when infecting the common whelk as Merocystis kathae. The sympatric distribution of the common whelk and scallops in the North Atlantic makes transmission extremely effective, occurring via the gastrointestinal tract, by scavenging and predation in whelks and unselective filter feeding in scallops. Infective sporozoites from whelks utilize scallops´ haemocytes to reach muscular tissue, where asexual reproduction occurs. Phylogenetically, this apicomplexan is robustly placed within the Aggregatidae and its inclusion in analyses supports a common ancestry with other basal invertebrate apicomplexans. Scallops seem able to regulate low-level infections of M. kathae as they exist in normal populations while epizootics occur during high levels of exposure from locally infected whelks. A targeted removal of whelks from valuable scallop grounds would be advantageous to minimize the occurrence of M. kathae epizootics and prevent damaging economic losses.
Selective equal spin Andreev reflection at vortex core center in magnetic semiconductor-superconductor heterostructure
Authors: Li Chuang , Hu Lun-Hui , Zhou Yi , Zhang Fu-Chun 
Published: May 2018

AbstractSau, Lutchyn, Tewari and Das Sarma (SLTD) proposed a heterostructure consisting of a semiconducting thin film sandwiched between an s-wave superconductor and a magnetic insulator and showed possible Majorana zero mode. Here we study spin polarization of the vortex core states and spin selective Andreev reflection at the vortex center of the SLTD model. In the topological phase, the differential conductance at the vortex center contributed from the Andreev reflection, is spin selective and has a quantized value $${(dI/dV)}_{A}^{topo}=2{e}^{2}/h$$

(
d
I
/
d
V
)

A

t
o
p
o

=
2

e

2

/
h
at zero bias. In the topological trivial phase, $${(dI/dV)}_{A}^{trivial}$$

(
d
I
/
d
V
)

A

t
r
i
v
i
a
l

at the lowest quasiparticle energy of the vortex core is spin selective due to the spin-orbit coupling (SOC). Unlike in the topological phase, $${(dI/dV)}_{A}^{trivial}$$

(
d
I
/
d
V
)

A

t
r
i
v
i
a
l

is suppressed in the Giaever limit and vanishes exactly at zero bias due to the quantum destruction interference.
Stretching Reduces Tumor Growth in a Mouse Breast Cancer Model
Authors: Berrueta L. , Bergholz J. , Munoz D. , Muskaj I. , Badger G. J. , Shukla A. , Kim H. J. , Zhao J. J. , Langevin H. M. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThere is growing interest in developing non-pharmacological treatments that could boost natural defenses against cancer and contribute to primary and secondary cancer prevention. Recent studies have shown that gentle daily stretching for 10 minutes can reduce local connective tissue inflammation and fibrosis. Because mechanical factors within the stroma can influence the tumor microenvironment, we hypothesized that stretching would reduce the growth of tumors implanted within locally stretched tissues and tested this hypothesis in a mouse orthotopic breast cancer model. Female FVB mice (N = 66) underwent bilateral injection of p53/PTEN double-null primary mouse mammary tumor cells into the third mammary fat pad. Mice were randomized to stretch vs. no stretch, and treated for 10 minutes once a day, for four weeks. Tumor volume at end-point was 52% smaller in the stretch group, compared to the no-stretch group (p < 0.001) in the absence of any other treatment. Cytotoxic immune responses were activated and levels of Specialized Pro-Resolving Mediators were elevated in the stretch group. These results suggest a link between immune exhaustion, inflammation resolution and tumor growth. Stretching is a gentle, non-pharmacological intervention that could become an important component of cancer treatment and prevention.
Contrasting patterns of RUNX2 repeat variations are associated with palate shape in phyllostomid bats and New World primates
Authors: Ferraz Tiago , Rossoni Daniela M. , Althoff Sérgio L. , Pissinatti Alcides , Paixão-Cortês Vanessa R. , Bortolini Maria Cátira , González-José Rolando , Marroig Gabriel , Salzano Francisco M. , Gonçalves Gislene L. , Hünemeier Tábita 
Published: May 2018

AbstractEstablishing the genetic basis that underlies craniofacial variability in natural populations is one of the main topics of evolutionary and developmental studies. One of the genes associated with mammal craniofacial variability is RUNX2, and in the present study we investigated the association between craniofacial length and width and RUNX2 across New World bats (Phyllostomidae) and primates (Catarrhini and Platyrrhini). Our results showed contrasting patterns of association between the glutamate/alanine ratios (Q/A ratio) and palate shape in these highly diverse groups. In phyllostomid bats, we found an association between shorter/broader faces and increase of the Q/A ratio. In New World monkeys (NWM) there was a positive correlation of increasing Q/A ratios to more elongated faces. Our findings reinforced the role of the Q/A ratio as a flexible genetic mechanism that would rapidly change the time of skull ossification throughout development. However, we propose a scenario in which the influence of this genetic adjustment system is indirect. The Q/A ratio would not lead to a specific phenotype, but throughout the history of a lineage, would act along with evolutionary constraints, as well as other genes, as a facilitator for adaptive morphological changes.
Selective improvements in balancing associated with offline periods of spaced training
Authors: Casabona Antonino , Valle Maria Stella , Cavallaro Carlo , Castorina Gabriele , Cioni Matteo 
Published: May 2018

AbstractBenefits from post-training memory processing have been observed in learning many procedural skills. Here, we show that appropriate offline periods produce a performance gain during learning to stand on a multiaxial balance board. The tilt angle and the area of sway motion of the board were much more reduced in participants performing a training spaced by an interval of one day with respect to participants executing the same amount of practice over a concentrated period. In particular, offline memory encoding was specifically associated with the motion along the anterior-posterior direction, the spatio-temporal dynamics, and the frequency contents of the board sway. Overall, quantification of spaced learning in a whole-body postural task reveals that offline memory processes enhance the performance by encoding single movement components. From a practical perspective, we believe that the amount of practice and the length of inter-session interval, adopted in this study, may provide objective insights to develop appropriate programs of postural training.
Systematic biology analysis on photosynthetic carbon metabolism of maize leaf following sudden heat shock under elevated CO2
Authors: Qu Mingnan , Chen Genyun , Bunce James A. , Zhu Xiaocen , Sicher Richard C. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractPlants would experience more complex environments, such as sudden heat shock (SHS) stress combined with elevated CO2 in the future, and might adapt to this stressful condition by optimizing photosynthetic carbon metabolism (PCM). It is interesting to understand whether this acclimation process would be altered in different genotypes of maize under elevated CO2, and which metabolites represent key indicators reflecting the photosynthetic rates (PN) following SHS. Although B76 had greater reduction in PN during SHS treatment, our results indicated that PN in genotype B76, displayed faster recovery after SHS treatment under elevated CO2 than in genotype B106. Furthermore, we employed a stepwise feature extraction approach by partial linear regression model. Our findings demonstrated that 9 key metabolites over the total (35 metabolites) can largely explain the variance of PN during recovery from SHS across two maize genotypes and two CO2 grown conditions. Of these key metabolites, malate, valine, isoleucine, glucose and starch are positively correlated with recovery pattern of PN. Malate metabolites responses to SHS were further discussed by incorporating with the activities and gene expression of three C4 photosynthesis-related key enzymes. We highlighted the importance of malate metabolism during photosynthesis recovery from short-term SHS, and data integration analysis to better comprehend the regulatory framework of PCM in response to abiotic stress.
From smartphone to EHR: a case report on integrating patient-generated health data
Authors: Genes Nicholas , Violante Samantha , Cetrangol Christine , Rogers Linda , Schadt Eric E. , Chan Yu-Feng Yvonne 
Published: May 2018

AbstractPatient-generated health data (PGHD), collected from mobile apps and devices, represents an opportunity for remote patient monitoring and timely interventions to prevent acute exacerbations of chronic illness—if data are seen and shared by care teams. This case report describes the technical aspects of integrating data from a popular smartphone platform to a commonly used EHR vendor and explores the challenges and potential of this approach for disease management. Consented subjects using the Asthma Health app (built on Apple’s ResearchKit platform) were able to share data on inhaler usage and peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) with a local pulmonologist who ordered this data on Epic’s EHR. For users who had installed and activated Epic’s patient portal (MyChart) on their iPhone and enabled sharing of health data between apps via HealthKit, the pulmonologist could review PGHD and, if necessary, make recommendations. Four patients agreed to share data with their pulmonologist, though only two patients submitted more than one data point across the 4.5-month trial period. One of these patients submitted 101 PEFR readings across 65 days; another submitted 24 PEFR and inhaler usage readings across 66 days. PEFR for both patients fell within predefined physiologic parameters, except once where a low threshold notification was sent to the pulmonologist, who responded with a telephone discussion and new e-prescription to address symptoms. This research describes the technical considerations and implementation challenges of using commonly available frameworks for sharing PGHD, for the purpose of remote monitoring to support timely care interventions.
Bilaterales hippocampales primäres ZNS-Lymphom: Ungewöhnliche Differentialdiagnose eines rasch progredienten dementiellen Syndroms
Authors: Weidauer Stefan , Hartmann Sylvia , Fabricius Jan 
Published: May 2018

ZusammenfassungVorgestellt wird ein rasch progredientes dementielles Syndrom bei einem 63-Jährigen infolge eines bilateralen hippocampalen primären ZNS-Lymphoms. Da es sich bei sekundären Demenzformen um potentiell kausal behandelbare Ätiologien handelt, kommt der schnellen Diagnosestellung eine entscheidende Bedeutung zu. Die richtungweisenden bildgebenden Aspekte insbesondere bei hippocampalen Prozessen werden diskutiert.
Herausnehmbare Implantatkonzepte bei Zahnlosen – Umfrage zur zahnärztlichen Entscheidungsfindung
Authors: Brandstaeter Sebastian , Tschernitschek Harald , Pott Philipp-Cornelius 
Published: May 2018

ZusammenfassungKonzepte zur herausnehmbaren, implantatgetragenen Versorgung des zahnlosen Kiefers sind stetiger Bestandteil wissenschaftlicher Diskussionen. Die Umsetzung von entsprechend erarbeiteten Leitlinien in der zahnärztlichen Praxis kann jedoch variieren. Ziel dieser Arbeit war es, mittels Umfrage zu prüfen, ob die individuellen Therapieentscheidungen zur Versorgung zahnloser Kiefer mit implantatgetragenem totalem Zahnersatz auch in der täglichen Praxis den vorhandenen Leitlinien entsprechen.