bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Treatments and uses of Moringa oleifera seeds in human nutrition: A review
Authors: Saa Romuald Willy , Fombang Edith Nig , Ndjantou Elie Baudelaire , Njintang Nicolas Yanou 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThis work reviews treatments and uses of Moringa oleifera seeds in human nutrition. Moringa oleifera seeds are considerable sources of proteins (mean 19%) and lipids (mean 31%). Previous reports presented the nutritional properties of the seeds and oil. Moringa seeds are sources of lipids, and their removal leads to Moringa seed flour with a high protein content which might play a role in food technology and human nutrition. Moringa oil has been tested in frying and was found to be more stable than groundnut oil; its incorporation in groundnut at level lower than 10% improved on the acceptability of chips. Several treatments like roasting, germination, and boiling have been applied to Moringa seeds to produce flour with improved nutritional properties. In particular, defatted Moringa flour has been applied in different formulations including cakes, cookies, burgers, infant porridges. Generally, the products deriving from the flour were more stable in conservation and well accepted for low substitution while high substitution increased the bitterness. Notwithstanding their high content in protein and oil, defatted M. oleifera seed flour and oil are still fairly investigated in order to envisage their integration in the food habits of people. The present wrote up reviews the treatments applied on M. oleifera seeds and applications of the defatted M. oleifera flour and oil in food systems for human nutrition.
Introduction of a novel guided bone regeneration memory shape based device
Authors: Zakaria Osama , Madi Marwa , Kasugai Shohei 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBone regeneration by periosteal distraction has been reported in numerous animal studies; however, the main disadvantages of this technique are poor bone quality and soft tissue invasion in the distracted space. The purpose of this study was to evaluate a novel shape memory‐based device to promote bone regeneration in a large, secluded growth space in a rabbit model. Twenty rabbits were divided into two groups. In the first group (n = 10), a device composed of silicone sheets and nitinol strips was inserted subperiosteally in the calvarial area. In the second group (n = 10), only silicone sheets were inserted in the calvarial area. Each group was further divided in half: five animals were sacrificed at 8 weeks postoperatively, and the other five were sacrificed at 16 weeks postoperatively. In the study group, the new device vertically expanded the overlying soft tissue 4 mm above the original bone and created a secluded space; the newly generated bone maximum height median ranged between 2.7 mm in 8 weeks group and 2.6 mm in 16 weeks group. In the control group, a very thin rim of bone was generated below the flat silicone sheets on top of the original bone. Maximum bone heights median ranged from 0.37 mm in 8 weeks group to 0.32 mm in 16 weeks group. The device was proven to be effective at vertically augmenting bone by applying the guided bone regeneration and soft tissue expansion procedures simultaneously. This device may pave the way for a new generation of smart guided bone regeneration membranes that can remember the original dimensions of resorbed bone areas.
Mechanistic investigations of the liver toxicity of the free fatty acid receptor 1 agonist fasiglifam (TAK875) and its primary metabolites
Authors: Ackerson Timothy , Amberg Alexander , Atzrodt Jens , Arabeyre Catherine , Defossa Elisabeth , Dorau Martina , Dudda Angela , Dwyer Jacquelyn , Holla Wolfgang , Kissner Thomas , Kohlmann Markus , Kürzel Ulrich , Pánczél József , Rajanna Shibani , Riedel Jens , Schmidt Friedemann , Wäse Kerstin , Weitz Dietmar , Derdau Volker 
Published: May 2019

AbstractFor fasiglifam (TAK875) and its metabolites the substance‐specific mechanisms of liver toxicity were studied. Metabolism studies were run to identify a putatively reactive acyl glucuronide metabolite. In vitro cytotoxicity and caspase 3/7 activation were assessed in primary human and dog hepatocytes in 2D and 3D cell culture. Involvement of glutathione (GSH) detoxication system in mediating cytotoxicity was determined by assessing potentiation of cytotoxicity in a GSH depleted in vitro system. In addition, potential mitochondrial liabilities of the compounds were assessed in a whole‐cell mitochondrial functional assay. Fasiglifam showed moderate cytotoxicity in human primary hepatocytes in the classical 2D cytotoxicity assays and also in the complex 3D human liver microtissue (hLiMT) after short‐term treatment (24 hours or 48 hours) with TC50 values of 56 to 68 µM (adenosine triphosphate endpoint). The long‐term treatment for 14 days in the hLiMT resulted in a slight TC50 shift over time of 2.7/3.6 fold lower vs 24‐hour treatment indicating possibly a higher risk for cytotoxicity during long‐term treatment. Cellular GSH depletion and impairment of mitochondrial function by TAK875 and its metabolites evaluated by Seahorse assay could not be found being involved in DILI reported for TAK875. The acyl glucuronide metabolites of TAK875 have been finally identified to be the dominant reason for liver toxicity.
Retracted: Long noncoding RNA MT1JP inhibits proliferation, invasion, and migration while promoting apoptosis of glioma cells through the activation of PTEN/Akt signaling pathway
Authors: Zhang Ye , Sui Rui , Chen Yi , Liang Hanyang , Shi Ji , Piao Haozhe 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThis study is carried out to elucidate the role of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) MT1JP in proliferation, invasion, migration, and apoptosis of glioma cells through the regulation of PTEN/Akt signaling pathway. The expression of MT1JP in 80 normal brain tissues and 138 glioma tissues, as well as glioma cell lines, was detected by quantitative reverse‐transcription polymerase chain reaction. Besides, glioma cells with overexpression and low expression of MT1JP were constructed to confirm the role of MT1JP in proliferation, invasion, migration, and apoptosis of glioma cells and the growth of glioma cells in vivo through the regulation of PTEN/Akt signaling pathway. MT1JP expression was downregulated in glioma tissues and cells. The low expression of MT1JP was considered as an independent risk factor for predicting overall survival in gliomas. After transfection of MT1JP overexpression plasmid, glioma cells showed decreased proliferation, migration and invasion ability, increased apoptosis rate, and decreased the tumorigenic ability of nude mice. The trends were opposite in glioma cells transfected with MT1JP poor expression plasmid. Collectively, our study suggests that lncRNA MT1JP is responsible for inhibiting proliferation, invasion, and migration while promoting apoptosis of glioma cells through the activation of PTEN/Akt signaling pathway.
miR‐324‐5p protects against oxidative stress‐induced endothelial progenitor cell injury by targeting Mtfr1
Authors: Chen Peier , Zhong Jianfeng , Ye Jianfeng , He Yuan , Liang Zheng , Cheng Yu , Zheng Jie , Chen Hao , Chen Can 
Published: May 2019

AbstractEndothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) belong to bone marrow‐derived myeloid progenitor cells that have strong proliferative ability. Dysregulation of miRNAs after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) can result in EPCs injury, thus we hypothesize that correction of miRNA expression may contribute to the tolerance of EPCs against oxidative stress. The peripheral blood of healthy volunteers and patients with ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) was clinically collected. EPCs derived from peripheral blood were transfected by miR‐324‐5p mimic and simultaneously handled with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) to inducing EPCs injury. At 24 hrs after the H2O2 treatment, cell viability, the uptake capacity on DiI‐Ac‐LDL, and carrying ability on FITC‐UEA‐l and multiplication capacity were analyzed. The mechanism process was carefully researched by valued the characteristics of the mitochondrion morphology, membrane potential, ATP levels, and the expressing of apoptosis pathways. Small RNA sequencing indicated that the expression level of miR‐324‐5p in peripheral blood EPCs of patients with STEMI was significantly lower compared with the healthy volunteers. The Mtfr1 has been confirmed as a targeted gene of miR‐324‐5p through miRTarBase software and western blot. The miR‐324‐5p mimic units could be contributed for the improvement of viability, the uptake capacity on DiI‐Ac‐LDL and carrying ability on FITC‐UEA‐l and multiplication capacity on oxidative stress‐injured EPCs. miR‐324‐5p could suppress mitochondrial fragmentation, promote membrane potential, and ATP levels, as well as protect against oxidative stress‐induced EPCs apoptosis. Our results suggested that miR‐324‐5p protects against oxidative stress‐induced EPCs injury by regulating Mtfr1.
Ni‐induced TGF‐β signaling promotes VEGF‐a secretion via integrin β3 upregulation
Authors: Wu Chih‐Hsien , Ko Jiunn‐Liang , Pan Hui‐Hsien , Chiu Ling‐Yen , Kang Yu‐Ting , Hsiao Yu‐Ping 
Published: May 2019

AbstractNickel compounds are associated with lung and skin cancer incidence increase and accumulation of nickel in the body contributes to carcinogenesis. Upregulation of certain integrins in the primary tumor is associated with cancer metastasis and poor prognosis. However, the molecular mechanisms of nickel‐induced cancer metastasis are still unclear. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of nickel chloride (NiCl2) on the progression of cancer during metastasis. The results of showed that NiCl2 induces the expression of integrin β3 mRNA and protein in a dose‐ and time‐dependent manner. Inhibition of integrin αvβ3 activation by ITGB3 ligand mimetics and GR144053, as well as downregulation of ITGB3 by lentiviral shRNA gene silencing, diminished NiCl2‐induced secretion of vascular endothelial growth factor‐a (VEGF‐a). Furthermore, pretreatment with type I TGF‐β receptor inhibitor, SB525334, suppressed the expression of ITGB3 at cell surface and secretion of VEGF‐a in NiCl2‐treated cells. In conclusion, NiCl2 induces the expression of ITGB3 through TGF‐β signaling activation, followed by increasing VEGF‐a secretion, revealing a novel role for ITGB3 in nickel compound‐induced cancer metastasis and tumor angiogenesis.
The dermal skeleton of the jawless vertebrateTremataspis mammillata(Osteostraci, stem‐Gnathostomata)
Authors: O'Shea James , Keating Joseph N. , Donoghue Philip C. J. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractOsteostracans are the closest jawless relatives of jawed vertebrates, informing the gradual assembly of the vertebrate mineralised skeleton. Conflicting interpretations of their dermal skeletal histology arise from failure to account for topological variation, obscuring their significance in elucidating vertebrate skeletal evolution. To resolve this, we characterize the cranial and trunk dermal skeleton of a single individual ofTremataspis mammillata(Osteostraci, Thyestiida) at submicron resolution using synchrotron‐ and computed‐ tomography. Our results show that the architecture of theTremataspisdermal skeleton is, for the most part, conserved over the skeleton and is broadly consistent with previous histological hypotheses based on 2D thin section study. We resolve debate over the homology of the basal layer, identifying it as osteogenic acellular isopedin rather than odontogenic elasmodine or metaplastic ossification of the stratum compactum of the dermis. We find topological variation between all dermal skeletal elements studied, and particularly between the cranial and postcranial dermal skeleton. This variation can be largely explained by reduction in differentiation due to geometric constraints imposed within smaller skeletal elements, such as scales. Our description of the dermal skeleton ofTremataspis mammillataprovides a foundation for interpreting data from cursory topological samples of dermal skeletal diversity obtained in other osteostracans. This reveals general aspects of histological structure that must be ancestral for osteostracans and, likely, ancestral jawed vertebrates. Finally, we draw the distinction between hypotheses and descriptions in palaeohistology.
Rapid detection and clinical spectrum of the novel influenza H1N1 strain in a diabetic pediatric population
Authors: Ammar Rania A. , Montasser Karim , Ezz Hoda , Albishi Laila A. , Ghareeb Ahmed 
Published: May 2019

AbstractObjectivesH1N1 infection in diabetic patients is of special concern and serious interest since the virus can place individuals, especially children, at great possible risk of subsequently developing type 1 diabetes. This work aims to describe the demographic characteristics, clinical features, and severity of illness of children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM), compare the incidence of pandemic H1N1 virus in children with that of the general pediatric population with influenza‐like symptoms, and identify the complications of H1N1 virus infection associated with glycemic control.MethodsThe present study included 45 children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes, who were subject to clinical and laboratory investigations. Another 30 healthy adolescents and children with a mean age of 10.43 ± 4.38 years were included as a control group. H1N1 reverse‐transcriptase quantitative PCR (RT‐Q PCR) was tested for H1N1 virus detection.ResultsDiabetic patients positive for (H1N1) showed significantly higher random blood sugar (RBS) levels than diabetic patients negative for (H1N1). Moreover, the H1N1‐positive patients had significantly higher hemoglobin (Hb) g/dL, platelet counts, total leukocyte counts (TLCs), and CRP levels. Newly diagnosed patients who were tested positive for (H1N1) and diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) had significantly higher RBS levels and TLCs than patients who were presented with hyperglycemia.ConclusionRT‐PCR is a rapid and specific method for influenza A (H1N1) virus diagnosis. In addition, early administration of oseltamivir no later than 48 hours after the infection is highly recommended in either diabetic or DKA patients suspected of having H1N1.
Transvaginal Real‐time Shear Wave Elastography in the Diagnosis of Cervical Disease
Authors: Liu Chun , Li Ting Ting , Hu Ziyue , Li Yuan , Cheng Xueqing , Zhu Yi , Lu Man 
Published: May 2019

ObjectivesTo explore the value of shear wave elastography in the diagnosis of cervical disease.MethodsThis work was a retrospective analysis of 246 cases of cervical lesions confirmed by transvaginal conventional ultrasound, shear wave elastography, and a cytologic test. The lesions were divided into 2 groups according to the final pathologic results: a malignant cervical group and a benign cervical group. In addition, the normal cervix was set as the control group.ResultsThe maximum and mean shear wave velocity values ± SD were 5.24 ± 1.11 and 4.91 ± 1.12 m/s for the malignant cervical group, 3.93 ± 0.39 and 3.53 ± 0.52 m/s for the benign cervical group, and 3.27 ± 0.31 and 2.86 ± 0.23 m/s for the normal cervix, respectively. The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves for the maximum and mean shear wave velocity in the differential diagnosis of a normal cervix and benign cervical tumors were 0.909 and 0.878 (both P < .001), whereas in the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant cervical tumors, they were 0.909 and 0.895 (both P < .001).ConclusionsShear wave elastography can quantitatively analyze the elastic characteristics of cervical diseases, help differentially diagnose cervical diseases, accurately determine the extent of tumor invasion, and improve effective clinical staging and treatment.
Susane, a device for sampling chemical gradients in the benthic water column
Authors: Knoery Joël , Cossa Daniel , Thomas Bastien , Gregory Germain , Rigaud Sylvain 
Published: May 2019

AbstractIn aquatic environments, the benthic water column exhibits strong concentration gradients of various substances. They result from transfers and chemical reactions that may occur both within this layer, and at the sediment–water interface (SWI). Characterization of these gradients yields important information for the quantification of such processes and transfers. However, it is difficult to actually sample these gradients in the field, since turbulence decreases their vertical scale. This article describes a sampler designed to collect simultaneously 16 discrete water column samples at a centimeter‐scale vertical resolution. This small device (40 × 40 × 60 cm) is reliable, safe to handle, and easily deployed from a small boat using a cable or a Scuba diver. It is made of materials compatible with trace element and dissolved gases work, and simultaneously draws samples from various heights above the SWI into 60 mL syringes. The altitude of the sample inlets is field‐adjustable. Sampling artifacts are minimized by in situ flushing of tubing dead volumes, by rapid and simultaneous sample collection, and by sampling an undisturbed water‐column. Thus, this device can contribute to the characterization of vertical concentration gradients in benthic water‐columns. Such gradients of various compounds and metals from two coastal sites (Quiberon Bay and Berre Lagoon) are shown, illustrating the sampler's usefulness to describe and investigate processes in the benthic zone.
Mass Spectrometric Lipid Profiles of Picosecond Infrared Laser‐Generated Tissue Aerosols Discriminate Different Brain Tissues
Authors: Wurlitzer Marcus , Hessling Elisabeth , Rinas Karsten , Fuh MarcelineManka , Petersen Hannes , Ricklefs Franz , Lamszus Katrin , Regelsberger Jan , Maier Stephanie , Kruber Sebastian , Hansen Nils‐Owe , Miller RJDwayne , Schlüter Hartmut 
Published: May 2019

Background and ObjectivesA picosecond infrared laser (PIRL) has recently been demonstrated to cut biological tissue without scar formation based on the minimal destructive action on the surrounding cells. During cutting with PIRL, the irradiated tissue is ablated by a cold vaporization process termed desorption by impulsive vibrational excitation. In the resulting aerosol, all molecules are dissolved in small droplets and even labile biomolecules like proteins remain intact after ablation. It is hypothesized that these properties enable the PIRL in combination with mass spectrometry as an intelligent laser scalpel for guided surgery. In this study, it was tested if PIRL‐generated tissue aerosols are applicable for direct analysis with mass spectrometry, and if the acquired mass spectra can be used to discriminate different brain areas.Materials and MethodsBrain tissues were irradiated with PIRL. The aerosols were collected and directly infused into a mass spectrometer via electrospray ionization without any sample preparation or lipid extraction.ResultsThe laser produced clear cuts with no marks of burning. Lipids from five different classes were identified in the mass spectra of all samples. By principal component analysis the different brain areas were clearly distinguishable from each other.ConclusionsThe results demonstrate the potential for real‐time analysis of lipids with a PIRL‐based laser scalpel, coupled to a mass spectrometer, for the discrimination of tissues during surgeries. Lasers Surg. Med. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Acute Rat and Mouse Oral Toxicity Determination of Anticholinesterase Inhibitor Carbamate Pesticides: A QSTR Approach
Authors: Roy Partha Pratim , Banjare Purusottam , Verma Sandhya , Singh Jagadish 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe toxic potentials of carbamates to human and non target organisms are of public concern in relation to society and ecosystem for their unregulated and indiscriminate use. No computational study was found on rat and mouse oral toxicity for carbamate pesticides. In this context, carbamate pesticides were collected from ChemIDplus databases for the modeling study. A series of local QSTR model for both rat and mouse oral toxicity of carbamate derivatives were developed according to OECD principle from 2D descriptors by using Genetic Algorithm (GA) as feature selection chemometric tools using QSARINS software. All the models indicate the importance of auto correlation descriptors related to charge, I‐State, atom type E state for fragment −O− in relation to acute mammalian toxicity. Reliability of predictions of the models was verified by applicability domain (AD) and prediction reliability index. Finally developed models were applied to unknown carbamate pesticides to evaluate their predictions and AD. The toxic nature of the prioritized compounds with structural alerts were commented in a consensus way. Additional toxicity‐toxicity relationship studies (QTTR) between these two responses with similar findings promoted further application of QTTR models in absence of one response. These findings may help the scientific community in prioritizing potentially hazardous pesticides of carbamate and related classes.
Resveratrol improved the developmental potential of oocytes after vitrification by modifying the epigenetics
Authors: Chen Huanhuan , Zhang Lei , Wang Zhenqiang , Chang Haoya , Xie Xiaogang , Fu Liangzheng , Zhang Yong , Quan Fusheng 
Published: May 2019

AbstractResveratrol (Res) has been reported to be able to improve oocyte vitrification because of its antioxidative properties. The objective of this study was to further assess the positive effect of Res addition on the developmental potential of vitrified mouse oocytes from the perspective of epigenetic alterations. First, 2 μM Res was chosen as the optimal concentration on the basis of its effects on survival and its antioxidative properties. We found that Res addition significantly promoted fertilization (63.8% vs. 42.9%) and blastocyst formation (68.3% vs. 50.2%) after oocyte vitrification. The quality of the derived blastocysts was also higher after Res treatment. Regarding epigenetic aspects, the expression of the important deacetylase SIRT1 was found to decrease significantly upon vitrification, but it was rescued by Res. The abnormal levels of H3K9 acetylation and DNA methylation in vitrified oocytes were restored by Res addition. Moreover, the expression of several imprinted genes was affected by oocyte vitrification. Among them, abnormal Gtl2 and Peg3 expression levels were restored by Res addition. Therefore, the methylation of their imprinted control regions (ICRs) was examined. Surprisingly, the abnormal patterns of Gtl2 and Peg3 methylation in blastocysts developed from vitrified oocytes were both restored by Res addition. Finally, the full‐term embryonic development showed that the birth rate was improved significantly by Res addition (56.2% vs. 38.1%). Collectively, Res was beneficial for the pre‐ and postimplantation embryonic development. Except for the antioxidative activity, Res also played a role in the correction of some abnormal epigenetic modifications caused by oocyte vitrification.