bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Marketing Potential of Websites of Rural Tourism Facilities in Poland
Authors: Król Karol 
Published: July 2019

Summary

Subject and purpose of work: The aim of the study is to assess the marketing potential of websites of rural tourism facilities’ in Poland.

Materials and methods: It was assumed that the marketing potential of a website provided the basis for placing it in global popularity rankings. The study involved 1000 paid domain websites. Each website was analysed using four tools which yielded values of selected indices, including Serpstat Visibility, Alexa Global Rank and SimilarWeb Global Rank.

Results: Almost half of the websites of rural tourism facilities’ obtained 0 or 1 point in the Open Page Rank index evaluation. For 764 websites from the analysed set, the Serpstat Visibility index value was not available, while in the remaining cases it was very low. The websites either reached distant positions in Alexa and SimilarWeb rankings or were not included in them at all.

Conclusions: The adopted research model does not allow for absolute assessment of the actual marketing potential of websites. However, the study confirmed that it was not used.
The Attitude of Students from Southern Podlasie to the Region: A Civilizational Self-Identification Perspective
Authors: Romanowicz Wiesław 
Published: July 2019

Summary

Subject and purpose of work: The paper addresses the issue of the attitude of students from Southern Podlasie to their region. Its purpose is to present the stance of young people who are permanent residents in the Eastern Borderlands to their civilizational identity.

Materials and methods: The results shown in the present article come from the research carried out among students of Pope John Paul II State School of Higher Education in Biała Podlaska. A questionnaire designed by the current author contained 42 closed, semi-open and open questions. It was conducted in May – 2017 in the auditorium among 214 third year students from the following areas: nursing – 48, sociology – 29, pedagogy – 41, national security – 63, tourism and recreation – 33.

Results: The study demonstrated that 83.3% of the students who identify themselves with the Western civilization and 72.0% of the respondents who identify themselves with both the Eastern and Western civilizations declare to be fully attached to the region. Slightly more than half of the respondents (51.4%) are convinced that they live in a region characterized by cultural diversity. This may suggest that the region of Southern Podlasie is characterized by the presence of the elements defining both the Western and the Eastern civilization.

Conclusions: When summarizing the attitude of the students to the region, it should be noted that over 70% of them fully identify with it. Religion has the greatest influence on the respondents’ regional consciousness. This element should be recognized as the basic factor characterizing the students, which proves that the basic feature which identifies Southern Podlasie is the diversity of denominations.
The Activities of Customs and Tax Control Service in the Field of Gambling Market
Authors: Lik Katarzyna 
Published: July 2019

Summary
Gambling activity is a multifaceted phenomenon. Gambling is a special field of business. The government authorities ascribe the right to a monopoly of this area of economic activity. The randomness and financial size of gambling foster the development of the grey market. In addition to the economic effect, the moral dimension of this type of activity is an extremely important aspect. The Customs and Tax Control Service supervises the functioning of the gambling market in Poland.

Subject and purpose of work: The article is devoted to the issue of gambling. The aim of the research was to present the activities of the Customs and Tax Control Service in the field of legal and illegal gambling.

Materials and methods: The study methods used were literature review, legal acts, documents of the Ministry of Finance, statistic data, using quantitive and systems analysis.

Results: As a result, the directions of the Customs and Tax Control Service activities were identified in the field of gambling market control.

Conclusions: The activities of Customs and Tax Control Service bring results in fighting illegal gambling, protecting players, and raising social awareness of the dangers of using services of illegal gaming operators.
The aspects of reproduction of Clathrus archeri (Berk.) Dring by re-situ method in the National Nature Park Hutsulshchyna
Authors: Pasaylyuk Mariia , Petrichuk Yurii , Tsvyd Nadiia , Sukhomlyn Maryna 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The biodiversity preservation is one of the main missions on present days. Two main trends of biodiversity conservation in-situ and ex-situ are known today. However, use of both these methods is not enough for the protection of rare species of macromycetes. Therefore, we need a new method for protecting the rare species of fungi, which support their vital process in not only the laboratory but also reproducing it in nature.
In this article, we propose the use of a new method of preserving the rare species of fungi in nature. The re-situ is a method that provides introducing and support of vital functions of mushroom in nature with the forming of their basidioma.
For our research, we used Clathrus archeri (Berk.) Dring, which is included in the Red Data Book of Ukraine.
It was found that the substrate on which the mycelium was grown and subsequently used for natural conditions had a significant influence on the success of‘reinoculation’ of C. archeri. Among all the investigated substrates, only one (beech shavings) proved to be suitable for growing of sowing mycelium of C. archeri. The research showed that the reproduction of C. archeri in nature should be held on non-forest experimental sites, mainly on meadows during the spring months.
Efficiency evaluation in forest management – a literature review
Authors: Młynarski Wojciech , Kaliszewski Adam 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe aim of our work was to give an overview on efficiency evaluation in forest management as described in the literature. Here we present definitions for efficiency and productivity of economic entities as well as categories of efficiency evaluation methods and discuss ratio analysis, parametric and non-parametric approaches to measure efficiency in forestry. With regards to ratio analysis, we focused on reports employing this approach in Poland due to the abundant literature on this subject. On the other hand, studies based on parametric and non-parametric approaches for efficiency evaluation in the forest sector have only been used occasionally in Poland and thus this part of our analysis is based on research done abroad. The most important parametric method is the Stochastic Frontier Approach (SFA), while the most important non-parametric approach involves Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), which was developed at the end of the 1970s and utilizes a mathematical programming algorithm.Our review shows that efficiency evaluation in forest management in Poland so far is mostly based on ratio analysis. However, although those methods are of considerable practical importance, in terms of scientific development they are now being replaced by more mathematically and statistically advanced parametric and non-parametric methods, which also open up more opportunities to analyze the efficiency of forest management. The first research employing non-parametric DEA recently published in Poland is a good step towards improving research quality and provides comprehensive results for the efficiency evaluation of forest management.
Eugenia aromaticaO. Berg andAfromomum meleguetaK. Schum botanical entomocides as possible synergetic protectant againstCallosobruchus maculatus(Fabricus) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) infestation on stored cowpea (Vigna unguiculata(L.) Walp.)
Authors: Adesina Jacobs Mobolade , Ileke Kayode David , Rajashekar Yallappa 
Published: July 2019

SummaryIntroduction:Post-harvest protection of food grains against stored products insects’ infestation is a complementary means towards ensuring food security.Objective:Powders and extracts fromEugenia aromaticaO. Berg andAframomom meleguetaK. Schum are to be evaluated for their synergetic effects onCallosobruchus maculatusFabricus under laboratory conditions.Methods:The products were applied at rates of 1 g/20 g and 1% conc./20 g cowpea seeds respectively.Results:Findings show thatE. aromaticaproducts was more effective by evoking 100% mortality within 24 and 48 h, while synergetic effects of the two products evoked 100% mortality at 72 and 96 h. The survival of the bruchids treated with plant powder from eggs to adults indicated that, control had significant (p<0.05) progeny development (75.50%) in comparison with sole application ofE. aromaticaand combination withA. meleguetawhich recorded no progeny development.Conclusion:The study revealed that the plant products exerted toxicity effect against cowpea bruchid. Thus, they can be used to prevent egg hatching and thereby helping in the management of cowpea seeds.
Jump Performance During Official Matches in Elite Volleyball Players: A Pilot Study
Authors: Lima Ricardo Franco , Palao José M. , Clemente Filipe Manuel 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The purpose of this pilot study was to assess the types and intensity of the jumps that professional male volleyball players executed. Seven male elite volleyball players participated in this study. The sample was composed of 1599 jumps performed in 15 sets of five official matches of the regular season of a professional team. A descriptive pilot study design was implemented to analyze the types of jumps and jump heights by particular playing positions (outside hitters, setter, and middle blockers). The jump height was recorded using an inertial measurement device. No significant differences in the heights of jumps were found between the sets of the matches. Different players’ roles had different frequencies for different types of jumps and jump intensities. The data provide reference values of the type of jumps performed, their frequency, and intensity by particular playing positions in competition. The results confirm the need to individualize the practice and training of volleyball players according to the players’ roles. Extensive studies are needed to provide more information about repeated jump ability in volleyball players.
Sloppy, But Acceptable, Control of Biological Movement: Algorithm-Based Stabilization of Subspaces in Abundant Spaces
Authors: Akulin Vladimir M. , Carlier Frederic , Solnik Stanislaw , Latash Mark L. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
In this paper, we develop an algorithm-based approach to the problem of stability of salient performance variables during motor actions. This problem is reformulated as stabilizing subspaces within high-dimensional spaces of elemental variables. Our main idea is that the central nervous system does not solve such problems precisely, but uses simple rules that achieve success with sufficiently high probability. Such rules can be applied even if the central nervous system has no knowledge of the mapping between small changes in elemental variables and changes in performance. We start with a rule ”Act on the most nimble” (the AMN-rule), when changes in the local feedback-based loops occur for the most unstable variable first. This rule is implemented in a task-specific coordinate system that facilitates local control. Further, we develop and supplement the AMN-rule to improve the success rate. Predictions of implementation of such algorithms are compared with the results of experiments performed on the human hand with both visual and mechanical perturbations. We conclude that physical, including neural, processes associated with everyday motor actions can be adequately represented with a set of simple algorithms leading to sloppy, but satisfactory, solutions. Finally, we discuss implications of this scheme for motor learning and motor disorders.
Repeated Sprint Ability in Youth Soccer Players: Independent and Combined Effects of Relative Age and Biological Maturity
Authors: Duarte João P. , Coelho-e-Silva Manuel J. , Costa Daniela , Martinho Diogo , Luz Leonardo G. O. , Rebelo-Gonçalves Ricardo , Valente-dos-Santos João , Figueiredo António , Seabra André , Malina Robert M. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The objective of the study was to examine the effects of the relative age effect (RAE) and predicted maturity status on body size and repeated sprint ability (RSA: 7 x 34.2 m / 25 s interval) in youth soccer. The sample was composed of 197 male players aged 13-14 years. Body mass, stature, and sitting height were measured, RSA was assessed in the field, and age at peak height velocity (APHV) was predicted. Factorial ANOVA tested the independent and combined effects of RAE given by birth quarters (BQs) and maturity status on dependent variables. Players born in the second birth quarter (BQ2) were significantly taller (F = 4.28, p < 0.01) than their peers born in BQ1 and BQ3. Additionally, players born in BQ2 performed better than players born in BQ4 in RSA total time and ideal time (F ranged between 4.81 and 4.90, p < 0.01), while players born in BQ1 exhibited a lower RSA fatigue index compared to those born in BQ4 (F = 2.90, p < 0.05). The interaction of the BQ and maturity status was a significant source of inter-individual variation for body size (F ranged between 64.92 and 105.57; p < 0.01) and RSA output (F ranged between 4.082 and 6.76; p < 0.05). In summary, being relatively older and, simultaneously, advanced in maturity status corresponds to a substantial advantage in characteristics that are related to soccer-specific fitness.
Effects of Concurrent Strength and High-Intensity Interval Training on Fitness and Match Performance in Water-Polo Players
Authors: Botonis Petros G. , Toubekis Argyris G. , Terzis Gerasimos D. , Geladas Nickos D. , Platanou Theodoros I. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The purpose of the study was to examine changes in performance and match-induced fatigue over a 27-week training period. Eight national-level water-polo players performed a 5 x 200 m swimming test to calculate velocities corresponding to blood lactate concentration of 4.0, 5.0 and 10.0 mmol.l-1 at three testing periods: i) baseline, ii) end of the pre-season (8 weeks of 4 x 4 min swimming bouts), iii) end of the in-season (8 weeks of 8 x 20 m swimming sprints). During each testing period, four competitive matches were played and repeated sprints (8 x 20 m), 400 m swimming, and shooting accuracy were evaluated at the pre- and post-match. Repeated sprint tests were also conducted at mid-game. Analysis of variance for repeated measures was used to detect changes among training periods and within games. Swimming velocities corresponding to 4.0, 5.0 and 10.0 mmol.l-1 were increased after the pre-season by 9%, 7.7%, and 6.7% (p < 0.01) and decreased following the in-season compared to the pre-season by 8.9%, 7.0% and 3.3% (p < 0.01), respectively. Pre-match repeated sprints and 400 m performance were improved after the pre-season by 4.3% and 3.8% (p < 0.01) and decreased by ~3% after the in-season compared to the pre-season (p < 0.01). Mid- and post-match repeated sprint performance was improved after the pre-season by 4.8 ± 1.4% and 4.4 ± 1.1% and remained unchanged after the in-season compared to the pre-season. Post-match 400 m speed was improved by 3.2% after the pre-season (p < 0.01) and decreased by 2.8% after the in-season (p = 0.04).Pre-season training improved players’ aerobic endurance and performance. Intensified in-season training decreased aerobic power, endurance, and pre-match performance while maintaining match repeated sprint performance.
Land Use and Landscape Pattern Changes on the Inside and Outside of Protected Areas in Urbanizing Selangor State, Peninsular Malaysia
Authors: Lee Woon Hang , Abdullah Saiful Arif , Nor Shukor Bin Md 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Unabated land use changes in developing countries have imperilled the urban ecosystem resilience. An urban protected area is one of the critical systems to absorb disturbance regimes in the metropolitan area, but it is increasingly pressured by urbanization. Therefore, assessing their land use and landscape pattern changes are pivotal to identify the conservation capacity. We developed land use maps for Klang Gate, Bukit Kutu, and Sungai Dusun wildlife reserves to assess their spatial and temporal land use changes between 1988 and 2012. The degree of fragmentation, the intensity of human impact and structural connectedness for these wildlife reserves were also quantified. The findings revealed that Klang Gate which located adjacent to the highly urbanizing area experienced a very significant loss of forest while built-up area and commercial agriculture gradually encroached into the reserve. It also has a higher degree of fragmentation and human impact than the other two reserves. Human impact inside of Klang Gate was concomitant to the outside. However, Bukit Kutu almost undisturbed and Sungai Dusun was slightly intruded by commercial agriculture. The results help different stakeholders, such as managing authorities and policy planners to strategize new land use planning that utilize limited land-based resources for future economic and social development. As the findings showed that urban protected areas alone are not sufficient in maintaining the urban ecosystem; therefore new conservation planning that integrates other urban green spaces at their surrounding is critical to ameliorating the conservation on a long-term basis.
Cross-Border Comparison of Non-Forest Woody Vegetation in the White Carpathians (Central Europe) Over Last 65 Years
Authors: Demková Katarína , Hais Martin , Edwards-Jonášová Magda 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Landscape structure is determined by human activities and natural processes. Despite both influences are described in many studies, there remains still question, how the landscape structure reflects the individual socio-economic predictors. To answer this question we compared landscape structure, with emphasis on non-forest woody vegetation, of two states, however, with common socio-economic and political history. Non-forest woody vegetation represents characteristic feature in rural landscape, which increases water retention, biodiversity and bio-migration using green structures. In our study we supposed, that non-forest woody vegetation will have high sensitivity to societal changes and nature conservation measures. On an example of border region in former Czechoslovakia we compared three classes of non-forest woody vegetation (solitaires, patches and linear elements) in three time horizons (1950, 1986, 2011). The most significant differences in spatial structure of non-forest woody vegetation between countries were in the number and area of solitaires, which decreased during the entire period. However, the largest solitaire decrease was in 1950-1986, mainly in correspondence with socialist collective farming. Moreover, the decrease was higher in the Slovak part compared to the Czech part. The primary reason for this was the removal of non-forest woody vegetation on one side and the joining crowns into bigger patches on the other side. The current trend of increasing area of patch and linear elements is related to natural succession. We assume that the main drivers of different development in non-forest woody vegetation in the border region after the split of Czechoslovakia were different management measures applied in nature and landscape conservation and social development.
The Role of Hillshade, Aspect, and Toposhape in the Woodland Dieback of Arid and Semi-Arid Ecosystems: A Case Study in Zagros Woodlands of Ilam Province, Iran
Authors: Najafifar Ali , Hosseinzadeh Jaafar , Karamshahi Abdolali 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Soil moisture plays a key role in the ecological capability of arid and semi-arid woodland. Reducing soil moisture due to frequent droughts causes pest prevalence and disease outbreak and the consequence of forest dieback. On the other hand, soil moisture is strongly correlated with the amount of radiation received on the Earth’s surface. The sun’s radiation is traditionally described often by aspect and sometimes by toposhape. The use of the hillshade map for estimating solar radiation is possible through developing GIS. The present study aimed to compare the relationship and the ability of these indices to describe the phenomenon of arid and semi-arid woodland decline better and more accurately in a case study in the west of Iran. To this aim, the aspect and toposhape layers were generated in 5 and 12 classes, respectively. Then, the hillshade map in range of 0-255 was made during the peak of summer heat. The comparison of the dieback ratio in the three characteristic histograms showed that the shade index, unlike the other two indicators, had a significant effect on forest drought (R2=0.91 for linear equation and R2=0.94 for quadratic equation). The results indicated that the application of hillshade in describing and analysing ecological processes by relying on soil moisture such as woodland dieback is superior to the other two indicators. It is suggested that this index be used to obtain a risk model to predict woodlands dieback which are under the pressure of frequent droughts due to climate change or other mortal factors.
How distance influences dislike: Responses to proposed fracking in Fermanagh, Northern Ireland
Authors: Craig Kerrie , Evensen Darrick , Van Der Horst Dan 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Despite extensive social science research into public perceptions and social responses to fracking, scholars have only begun to examine the relationship between distance to development and support or opposition for it. Importantly, the emerging studies are exclusively from the United States, and focus on communities and regions in which fracking already exists – in contrast to areas where it is proposed and still going through planning approvals. This paper reports public responses to proposed fracking in County Fermanagh, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom. A total of 120 people participated in an in-person survey with a qualitative follow-up in four locations: the village right next to the development site, two other villages just inside and just outside the wider fracking concession area, and in the capital city of Belfast, 150 km away. A clear spatial pattern of opinion was found, from almost universal opposition to fracking next to the site, to an even three-way split between proponents, opponents and ‘neutrals’ to fracking in general, in Belfast. Results show that some risks are perceived to be more local than others, whilst perceived (economic) benefits are recognised mainly at the national level. Content analysis of local and national newspapers revealed a very clear and similar pattern. Connections to Fermanagh, through visits or long-term residence, were also clear predictors of opposition to fracking. The spatial pattern of support for fracking in Northern Ireland differs substantially from each of the contrasting patterns observed in the United States. We discuss likely reasons for this and implications for both research and policy.