bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electrical Conductivity Distribution in Detonating Benzotrifuroxane
Authors: Satonkina Nataliya , Ershov Alexander , Kashkarov Alexey , Mikhaylov Anatoly , Pruuel Eduard , Rubtsov Ivan , Spirin Ivan , Titova Victoria 
Published: June 2018

AbstractElectrical conductivity profile behind the detonation front in the benzotrifuroxane (BTF) was measured using high-resolution technique. BTF is a peculiar high explosive which is completely hydrogen-free: its molecular formula is C6N6O6. Results are compared with the conductivity distributions in detonating hexogen (RDX, C3H6N6O6) and triaminotrinitrobenzene based explosive (TATB, C6H6N6O6). The conductivity in BTF was found to be similar to that observed in the common explosives which contain hydrogen. Thus, the contribution of hydrogen (e.g., ions produced by the dissociation of water) in the conductivity is minor, both in the reaction zone and in the final detonation products. The characteristics of the conductivity profiles generally support the idea of contact conductivity through the connected structures of carbon particles formed in the detonation wave.
Molecular diversity of clustered protocadherin-α required for sensory integration and short-term memory in mice
Authors: Yamagishi Tatsuya , Yoshitake Kohei , Kamatani Daiki , Watanabe Kenji , Tsukano Hiroaki , Hishida Ryuichi , Takahashi Kuniyuki , Takahashi Sugata , Horii Arata , Yagi Takeshi , Shibuki Katsuei 
Published: June 2018

AbstractClustered protocadherins (Pcdhs) are neuronal cell adhesion molecules characterized by homophilic adhesion between the tetramers of 58 distinct isoforms in mice. The diversity of Pcdhs and resulting highly-specific neuronal adhesion may be required for the formation of neural circuits for executing higher brain functions. However, this hypothesis remains to be tested, because knockout of Pcdh genes produces abnormalities that may interfere with higher brain functions indirectly. In Pcdh-α1,12 mice, only α1, α12 and two constitutive isoforms are expressed out of 14 isoforms. The appearance and behavior of Pcdh-α1,12 mice are similar to those of wild-type mice, and most abnormalities reported in Pcdh-α knockout mice are not present in Pcdh-α1,12 mice. We examined Pcdh-α1,12 mice in detail, and found that cortical depression induced by sensory mismatches between vision and whisker sensation in the visual cortex was impaired. Since Pcdh-α is densely distributed over the cerebral cortex, various types of higher function are likely impaired in Pcdh-α1,12 mice. As expected, visual short-term memory of space/shape was impaired in behavioral experiments using space/shape cues. Furthermore, behavioral learning based on audio-visual associative memory was also impaired. These results indicate that the molecular diversity of Pcdh-α plays essential roles for sensory integration and short-term memory.
Nonstoichiometric titanium dioxide nanotubes with enhanced catalytical activity under visible light
Authors: Valeeva A. A. , Kozlova E. A. , Vokhmintsev A. S. , Kamalov R. V. , Dorosheva I. B. , Saraev A. A. , Weinstein I. A. , Rempel A. A. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe catalytic activity of nanotubular titanium dioxide films formed during the oxidation of acetone to carbon dioxide under the action of visible light with a wavelength of 450 nm was found to be approximately 2 times higher compared to standard titanium dioxide (Degussa P25). The nanotubular films were grown by the anodization of titanium foil using an original technique. Diffuse reflectance spectra of the films are attributed to enhanced activity in the visible spectrum by the nonstoichiometry of titanium dioxide near the interface between the nanotubular film and the titanium foil substrate.
CD4+CD28null T Lymphocytes are Associated with the Development of Atrial Fibrillation after Elective Cardiac Surgery
Authors: Sulzgruber Patrick , Thaler Barbara , Koller Lorenz , Baumgartner Johanna , Pilz Arnold , Steininger Matthias , Schnaubelt Sebastian , Fleck Tatjana , Laufer Günther , Steinlechner Barbara , Winter Max-Paul , Goliasch Georg , Wojta Johann , Niessner Alexander 
Published: June 2018

AbstractPost-operative atrial fibrillation (POAF) is postulated as a complex interaction of different pathogenic factors, suggesting inflammatory processes as a main trigger of this particular type of atrial fibrillation. Therefore, the study sought to assess the impact of cellular immunity on the development of POAF. Comparing patients developing POAF to individuals free of POAF the fraction of CD4+CD28null T Lymphocytes was significantly higher in individuals developing POAF (11.1% [POAF] vs. 1.9% [non-POAF]; p < 0.001). CD4+CD28null cells were independently associated with the development of POAF with an adjusted odds ratio per one standard deviation of 4.89 (95% CI: 2.68–8.97; p < 0.001). Compared to N-terminal Pro-Brain Natriuretic Peptide, the fraction of CD4+CD28null cells demonstrated an increased discriminatory power for the development of POAF (NRI: 87.9%, p < 0.001; IDI: 30.9%, p < 0.001). Interestingly, a pre-operative statin-therapy was associated with a lower fraction of CD4+CD28null cells (p < 0.001) and showed an inverse association with POAF (p < 0.001). CD4+CD28null cells proved to be predictive for the development of POAF after cardiac surgery. Our results potentially indicate an auto-immune impact of this preexisting, highly cytotoxic T cell subset in the pathogenesis of POAF, which might be modified via the anti-inflammatory potential of a pre-operative statin-therapy.
Transcriptome-wide survey of pseudorabies virus using next- and third-generation sequencing platforms
Authors: Tombácz Dóra , Sharon Donald , Szűcs Attila , Moldován Norbert , Snyder Michael , Boldogkői Zsolt 
Published: June 2018

AbstractPseudorabies virus (PRV) is an alphaherpesvirus of swine. PRV has a large double-stranded DNA genome and, as the latest investigations have revealed, a very complex transcriptome. Here, we present a large RNA-Seq dataset, derived from both short- and long-read sequencing. The dataset contains 1.3 million 100 bp paired-end reads that were obtained from the Illumina random-primed libraries, as well as 10 million 50 bp single-end reads generated by the Illumina polyA-seq. The Pacific Biosciences RSII non-amplified method yielded 57,021 reads of inserts (ROIs) aligned to the viral genome, the amplified method resulted in 158,396 PRV-specific ROIs, while we obtained 12,555 ROIs using the Sequel platform. The Oxford Nanopore’s MinION device generated 44,006 reads using their regular cDNA-sequencing method, whereas 29,832 and 120,394 reads were produced by using the direct RNA-sequencing and the Cap-selection protocols, respectively. The raw reads were aligned to the PRV reference genome (KJ717942.1). Our provided dataset can be used to compare different sequencing approaches, library preparation methods, as well as for validation and testing bioinformatic pipelines.
Characteristics of signal propagation in multiferroic majority logic gates subjected to thermal noise
Authors: Wei Bo , Cai Li , Liu Bao Jun , Yang Xiao Kuo , Li Cheng 
Published: June 2018

The error rates of multiferroic majority logic gate (MLG) in the presence of thermal noise fluctuation are evaluated via solving the Landau–Lifshitz–Gilbert equations. It is found that in the pre‐stress condition, magnetisation orientations of nanomagnets in the MLG denote an initial 4°–10° departure from the easy axis direction due to random thermal noise field. This phenomenon may be the main origin of switching errors of multiferroic logic gates at high temperature. Specifically, in the post‐stress condition, it has been seen that larger spacing between nanomagnets leads to a high error rate, up to 50%, which arises from weak dipolar coupling interactions and strong thermal fluctuations. However, opposed to their expected, small spacing between nanomagnets leads to a higher error rate, up to 90%, which mainly arises from spontaneous magnetisation reversal induced by weak stress anisotropy energy. Therefore, moderate spacing is very important to MLG switching at room temperature, for example the optimal spacing is 250–310 nm for MLG constructed with nanomagnets having shape anisotropy energy of 623 kT. These findings can provide guides on multiferroic logic circuit design.
Synthesis of low shrinkage monolith alumina aerogels by surface modification and ambient pressure drying
Authors: Li Chi , Gong Zheng , Ding Likang , Guo Donglai , Hu Wenbin 
Published: June 2018

The authors have synthesised a kind of low shrinkage alumina (Al2O3) aerogel using an inexpensive salt of aluminium (AlCl3 ·6H2 O) via tetraethoxysilane modification and an ambient pressure drying process. The morphology, pore structure, surface group, crystal phase and thermal properties of the Al2O3 aerogel are analysed by X‐ray diffractometer, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectra and nitrogen adsorption test. Further improvement in thermal stability and thermal shrinkage are obtained by incorporation of silicon (Si) atoms during the aerogel preparation. The specific surface area of modified aerogel is 480 m2/g and the diameter shrinkage is 8% after drying, and reach 304 m2/g and 16.5% after heating at 1000°C. The approach, which is straightforward, inexpensive and safe, can be employed to prepare a monolithic mesoporous material with low shrinkage and high‐temperature resistance. This will further promote the potential application of packaging and thermal insulation materials.
Identifying quasars with astrometric and mid-infrared methods from APOP and ALLWISE
Authors: Guo Sufen , Qi Zhaoxiang , Liao Shilong , Cao Zihuang , Lattanzi Mario G. , Bucciarelli Beatrice , Tang Zhenghong , Yan Qing-Zeng 
Published: June 2018

Context. Quasars are spatially stationary, and they are essential objects in astrometry when defining reference frames. However, the census of quasars is far from complete. Mid-infared colors can be used to find quasar candidates because active galactic nuclei (AGNs) show a peculiar appearance in mid-infrared color, but these methods are incapable of separating quasars from AGNs.
Aims. The aim of our study is to use astrometric and mid-infrared methods to select quasars and get a reliable quasar candidates catalog.
Methods. We used a near-zero proper motion criterion in conjuction with WISE [W1–W2] color to select quasar candidates. The [W1–W2] color criterion is defined by the linear boundary of two samples: LAMOST DR5 quasars, which serve as the quasar sample, and LAMOST DR5 stars and galaxies, which serve as the non-quasar sample. The contamination and completeness are evaluated.
Results. We present a catalog of 662 753 quasar candidates, with a completeness of about 75% and a reliability of 77.2%.
Diabetestherapie bei chronischer Niereninsuffizienz
Authors: Bohnert Bernhard N. , Heni Martin 
Published: June 2018

ZusammenfassungDer Diabetes mellitus stellt eine der häufigsten Komorbiditäten bei Patienten mit chronischer Niereninsuffizienz dar, weshalb seine Therapie bei der Behandlung
dieser Patienten einen vorrangigen Stellenwert einnimmt. Eine Veränderung der Pharmakokinetik antidiabetischer Medikamente erschwert die Diabetestherapie bei
dieser Patientengruppe. Komplizierend kommen Veränderungen im Metabolismus wie bspw. eine Insulinresistenz hinzu. Patienten mit Diabetes mellitus und
chronischer Niereninsuffizienz profitieren von einer optimalen und stabilen Kontrolle der Glykämie. Durch eine große Auswahl an Antidiabetika und eine möglichst
individuelle Anpassung der Therapie an den Patienten können der Allgemeinzustand des Patienten entscheidend verbessert und die Prognose des Patienten positiv
beeinflusst werden.
Zusatznutzen der Homöopathie in der Onkologie
Authors: Wurster Jens 
Published: June 2018

ZusammenfassungWeltweit werden onkologische Patienten mithilfe der Homöopathie begleitet, um die Nebenwirkungen der konventionellen Therapien wie Chemotherapien oder Bestrahlungen zu reduzieren. Es zeigt sich, dass Tumorpatienten, die zusätzlich homöopathisch behandelt werden, eine bessere Lebensqualität und ein längeres Gesamtüberleben aufweisen. Studien zur Tumorzellforschung zeigen die Wirkungen homöopathischer Hochpotenzen auf Tumorzelllinien. Tumorhemmende Effekte homöopathischer Mittel werden in vitro wie in vivo nachgewiesen. Komplementärmedizinische Forschungsprojekte (CAMbrella) und Forschungen zu personalisierten Immuntherapien und additiver Homöopathie öffnen den Weg für eine zukünftige integrative Onkologie.
Antihypertensive Effect of Polyphenol-Rich Fraction of Azadirachta indica on Nω-Nitro-L-Arginine Methyl Ester-Induced Hypertension and Cardiorenal Dysfunction
Authors: Omóbòwálé Temidayo , Oyagbemi Ademola , Ogunpolu Blessing , Ola-Davies Olufunke , Olukunle Johnny , Asenuga Ebunoluwa , Ajibade Temitayo , Adejumobi Olumuyiwa , Afolabi Jeremiah , Falayi Olufunke , Ashafa Anofi , Adedapo Adeolu , Yakubu Momoh 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Azadirachta indica (AI) is a medicinal plant with reported antioxidant and cardio-protective properties. The use of plant-based polyphenols has become greatly increased in the last one decade. The present study investigated the protective effect of the polyphenol-rich fraction (PRF) of the methanol-extract of Azadirachta indica against Nω-Nitro-L-Arginine Methyl Ester (L-NAME) induced hypertension and cardiorenal dysfunction in rats. Fifty (50) Wistar albino rats were grouped into five groups. Group A, the control, was administered potable water. Groups B-E received orally, 40 mg/kg of L-NAME only, 40 mg/kg of L-NAME and 100 mg/kg of AI extract, 40 mg/kg of L-NAME and 200 mg/kg of AI extract, and 40 mg/kg of L-NAME and 25 mg/kg of captopril, respectively for 21 days. The results of the present study revealed that L-NAME administration led to a significant increase in systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and mean arterial blood pressure. Markers of oxidative stress (malondialdehyde,protein carbonyl) increased significantly while there was reduction in reduced glutathione level, activities of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione-S-transferase as well nitric oxide bioavailability. Immunohistochemistry revealed higher expressions of nuclear factor kappa beta (NF-kB) and kidney injury molecule 1(Kim-1) and lower expressions of nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor 2 (Nrf2) in hypertensive rats. Our results indicated that with PRF of AI restored high blood pressure, reduced markers of oxidative stress, normalized serum NO bioavailability and increased the expressions of Nrf2. Hence, PRF of Azadirachta indica could be used for the treatment of hypertension.
Vertebral Artery Dissection Caused by Neck Tics
Authors: Aydin Omer , Tasdemir Haydar , Ceyhan Bilgici Meltem , Cokyaman Turgay 
Published: June 2018

AbstractVertebral arterial dissection (VAD) is a rarely observed cause of vertebrobasilar ischemia. It is often reported as individual case reports in children, and the underlying cause is usually congenital anomalies or trauma to the neck. In this case report, we present a pediatric case of VAD whose magnetic resonance (MR) and computed tomography angiographies were normal and could only be diagnosed after a careful reassessment of the initial brain MRIs considering the dynamic nature of the dissection process. Etiological investigations pointed to the patient's neck tics as the origin of the condition, which is a rare and interesting cause different from the previously reported cases in the literature. Due to the ischemic lesions in the brain stem and the cerebellum, low molecular weight heparin treatment was started and the neurological symptoms rapidly receded. Since a severe tic disorder involving the face and neck has been observed as a rare cause of VAD aside from the previously reported causes such as the Bow–Hunter syndrome reported in archers, congenital cervical anomalies, traumatic mechanical accidents, and cervical chiropractical maneuvers, the sharing of this case will contribute to the literature.
Hearing Outcome of Low-tone Compared to High-tone Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss
Authors: Psillas George , Rizou Aikaterini , Rachovitsas Dimitrios , Tsiropoulos Gabriel , Constantinidis Jiannis 
Published: June 2018

Introduction Low-tone sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSHL) is a well-recognized disease, in which the hearing loss is restricted to low frequencies. In contrast to low-tone SSHL, high-tone SSHL is characterized by high-frequency (4,000, 8,000 Hz) hearing loss and preservation of low-, middle-frequency hearing.
Objective The objective of this study is to compare the hearing recovery and long-term outcome of low-tone SSHL with those of patients affected by high-tone SSHL in a follow-up of ∼ 3 years.
Methods The low-tone SSHL and high-tone SSHL groups included 27 and 20 patients, respectively; the patients of both groups were treated with intravenous steroids. Predictive factors (gender, affected side, delay of treatment, follow-up time) were also examined.
Results Overall, complete hearing recovery was observed in 77.7% of the patients in the low-tone SSHL group and in 15% of the patients in the high-tone SSHL group. In the high-tone SSHL group, a higher proportion of patients reported tinnitus compared with the low-tone SSHL group (13 cases [65%] versus 3 cases [11%]); however, recurrences were more common in the low-tone SSHL (22%, 6 patients) compared with the high-tone SSHL (2 cases [10%]) group. No predictive factor was found to statistically impact on hearing outcome.
Conclusion After initial therapy, the low-tone SSHL patients have more favorable hearing outcome than high-tone SSHL patients. However, recurrences occurred more frequently in the low-tone SSHL group, while the high-tone SSHL group was more often accompanied by residual symptoms, such as tinnitus.
Maternal Obesity Is an Independent Risk Factor for Intensive Care Unit Admission during Delivery Hospitalization
Authors: Masters Heather , Housley Emily , Van Hook James , DeFranco Emily 
Published: June 2018

Objective We aim to quantify the impact of obesity on maternal intensive care unit (ICU) admission.
Materials and Methods This is a population-based, retrospective cohort study of Ohio live births from 2006 to 2012. The primary outcome was maternal ICU admission. The primary exposure was maternal body mass index (BMI). Relative risk (RR) of ICU admission was calculated by BMI category. Multivariate logistic regression quantified the risk of obesity on ICU admission after adjustment for coexisting factors.
Results This study includes 999,437 births, with peripartum maternal ICU admission rate of 1.10 per 1,000. ICU admission rate for BMI 30 to 39.9 kg/m2 was 1.24 per 1,000, RR: 1.20 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.07, 1.35); BMI 40 to 49.9 kg/m2 had ICU admission rate of 1.80 per 1,000, RR: 1.73 (95% CI: 1.38, 2.17); and BMI ≥ 50 kg/m2 had ICU admission rate of 2.98 per 1,000, RR: 1.73 (95% CI: 1.77, 4.68). After adjustment, these increases persisted in women with BMI 40 to 49.9 kg/m2 with adjusted relative risk (adjRR) of 1.37 (95% CI: 1.05, 1.78) and in women with BMI ≥ 50 kg/m2, adjRR: 1.69 (95% CI: 1.01, 2.83).
Conclusion Obesity is a risk factor for maternal ICU admission. Risk increases with BMI. After adjustment, BMI ≥ 40 kg/m2 is an independent risk factor for ICU admission.
The Practical Challenges of Diagnosis and Treatment Options in Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension of the Newborn: A Developing Country's Perspective
Authors: Nakwan Narongsak 
Published: June 2018

AbstractPersistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN) is a complication of several respiratory diseases characterized by an elevation in pulmonary vascular resistance with resultant right-to-left shunting of blood and severe hypoxemia in the neonatal period. PPHN carries a high rate of morbidity and mortality, particularly in limited-resource settings (low-income and/or developing country). Echocardiography remains the gold standard for diagnosis of PPHN. Modern therapies such as inhaled nitric oxide, high-frequency oscillatory ventilation, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, and/or other pulmonary vasodilators agents can reduce the mortality rate of PPHN. Unfortunately, echocardiography and the use of these modern therapies are often difficult for a medical institution to provide for patients in developing countries, even when a timely diagnosis of PPHN has been made. In this review, the practical challenges of timely diagnosis of PPHN and efficient use of available treatment options faced by pediatricians or neonatologists in limited-resource settings are discussed.
Respiratory Syncytial Virus Hospitalizations among U.S. Preterm Infants Compared with Term Infants Before and After the 2014 American Academy of Pediatrics Guidance on Immunoprophylaxis: 2012–2016
Authors: Goldstein Mitchell , Krilov Leonard , Fergie Jaime , McLaurin Kimmie , Wade Sally , Diakun David , Lenhart Gregory , Bloomfield Adam , Kong Amanda 
Published: June 2018

Objective The objective of this study was to compare risk for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) hospitalizations (RSVH) for preterm infants 29 to 34 weeks gestational age (wGA) versus term infants before and after 2014 guidance changes for immunoprophylaxis (IP), using data from the 2012 to 2016 RSV seasons.
Study Design Using commercial and Medicaid claims databases, infants born between July 1, 2011 and June 30, 2016 were categorized as preterm or term. RSVH during the RSV season (November–March) were identified for infants aged <6 months and rate ratios (RRs) for hospitalization comparing preterm and term infants were calculated. Difference-in-difference models were fit to evaluate the changes in hospitalization risks in preterm versus term infants from 2012 to 2014 seasons to 2014 to 2016 seasons.
Results In all seasons, preterm infants had higher RSVH rates than term infants. Seasonal RRs prior to the guidance change for preterm wGA categories versus term infants ranged from 1.6 to 3.4. After the guidance change, the seasonal RRs ranged from 2.6 to 5.6. In 2014 to 2016, the risk associated with prematurity of 29 to 34 wGA versus term was significantly higher than in 2012 to 2014 (P<0.0001 for commercial and Medicaid samples).
Conclusion In infants aged <6 months, the risk for RSVH for infants 29 to 34 wGA compared with term infants increased significantly after the RSV IP recommendations became more restrictive.
Labor Curves in Multiparous Women Related to Interbirth Intervals
Authors: Mason Brittney , Matulich Melissa , Swanson Kate , Irwin Erin , Rademaker Alfred , Peaceman Alan , Gossett Dana 
Published: June 2018

Objective Previous studies have shown that risk of cesarean section increases among multiparous women as interbirth interval increases. One possibility is that progress of labor may vary with interbirth interval, such that with longer intervals, labor curves of multiparas more closely resemble those of nulliparas. We sought to define labor curves among a cohort of multiparas with varying interbirth intervals.
Study Design This was a retrospective cohort study of term multiparas with known interval from last delivery and only vaginal deliveries. Subjects were grouped by interval between the studied pregnancy and the most recent birth: 0 to 59, 60 to 119, and ≥120 months. Statistical analysis was performed using linear mixed effects model. Group slopes and intercepts were compared using model t-tests for individual effects. Length of second stage was compared using a Wilcoxon's rank-sum test.
Results Groups did not differ significantly in demographic or obstetrical characteristics. Rate of dilation was similar between the 0 to 59 and 60 to 119 month groups (p = 0.38), but faster in the ≥120 month group compared with the 60 to 119 month group (p = 0.037). Median duration of second stage increased slightly with increased interbirth interval (p = 0.003).
Conclusion Prolonged interbirth interval is not associated with slower active phase of labor.