bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
D-methionine alleviates cisplatin-induced mucositis by restoring the gut microbiota structure and improving intestinal inflammation
Authors: Wu Cheng-Hsi , Ko Jiunn-Liang , Liao Jiuan-Miaw , Huang Shiang-Suo , Lin Meei-Yn , Lee Ling-Hui , Chang Li-Yu , Ou Chu-Chyn 
Published: February 2019

Background: There are close links between chemotherapy-induced intestinal mucositis and microbiota dysbiosis. Previous studies indicated that D-methionine was an excellent candidate for a chemopreventive agent. Here, we investigated the effects of D-methionine on cisplatin-induced mucositis. Materials and methods: Male Wistar rats (176–200 g, 6 weeks old) were given cisplatin (5 mg/kg) and treated with D-methionine (300 mg/kg). Histopathological, digestive enzymes activity, oxidative/antioxidant status, proinflammatory/anti-inflammatory cytokines in intestinal tissues were measured. Next-generation sequencing technologies were also performed to investigate the gut microbial ecology. Results: D-methionine administration increased villus length and crypt depth and improved digestive enzyme (leucine aminopeptidase, sucrose and alkaline phosphatase) activities in the brush-border membrane of cisplatin-treated rats ( p < 0.05). Furthermore, D-methionine significantly attenuated oxidative stress and inflammatory reaction and increased interleukin-10 levels in cisplatin-induced intestinal mucositis ( p < 0.05). Cisplatin administration resulted in high relative abundances of Deferribacteres and Proteobacteria and a low diversity of the microbiota when compared with control groups, D-methionine only and cisplatin plus D-methionine. Cisplatin markedly increased comparative abundances of Bacteroides caccae, Escherichia coli, Mucispirillum schaedleri, Bacteroides uniformis and Desulfovibrio C21-c20, while Lactobacillus was almost completely depleted, compared with the control group. There were higher abundances of Lactobacillus, Lachnospiraceae, and Clostridium butyrium in cisplatin plus D-methionine rats than in cisplatin rats. D-methionine treatment alone significantly increased the number of Lactobacillus reuteri. Conclusion: D-methionine protects against cisplatin-induced intestinal damage through antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects. By enhancing growth of beneficial bacteria (Lachnospiraceae and Lactobacillus), D-methionine attenuates gut microbiome imbalance caused by cisplatin and maintains gut homeostasis.
Predictive Role of Symptom Duration Before the Initial Clinical Presentation of Adolescents With Capitellar Osteochondritis Dissecans on Preoperative and Postoperative Measures: A Systematic Review
Authors: Cheng Christopher , Milewski Matthew D. , Nepple Jeffrey J. , Reuman Hannah S. , Nissen Carl W. 
Published: February 2019

Background: Osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) of the capitellum is an increasingly recognized disease affecting young athletes. Because lesion progression is common, early identification is potentially beneficial for an athlete’s treatment and recovery. However, there is currently no analysis available that evaluates the impact of symptom duration on preoperative and postoperative outcomes. Purpose/Hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to perform a systematic review of surgically treated OCD lesions to examine the effect of symptom duration before the initial presentation on preoperative and postoperative outcomes. We hypothesized that a longer symptom duration would correlate with more severe preoperative signs and symptoms and poorer postoperative outcomes. Study Design: Systematic review; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and the Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects were queried for studies evaluating symptom duration before the clinical presentation of capitellar OCD and surgical outcomes. A systematic review was conducted according to PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. Results: A total of 23 studies reporting outcomes in 258 patients (mean patient age, 14.4 ± 1.5 years) were analyzed. Locking as a chief complaint predominated in a greater proportion of patients who presented with a longer history of OCD symptoms ( P = .007). A longer symptom duration also correlated with a longer time to return to sport ( P = .008) and older age ( P < .001). Range of motion limitations as both a chief complaint and a physical examination finding correlated with a longer symptom duration ( P = .014 and .001, respectively). Symptom duration did not show a relationship with most postoperative outcomes, including the return-to-sport rate ( P = .172), which ranged from 70.7% to 91.1% depending on the surgical procedure performed. No significant difference was observed between symptom duration and the surgical procedure performed ( P = .376). Conclusion: Advanced OCD lesions were observed in patients with a longer symptom duration. However, treatment specifics rather than symptom duration correlated best with return to sport for patients with advanced OCD lesions requiring surgery. The earlier detection of capitellar OCD may be valuable in reducing the severity of lesions, the time to return to sport, and potential need for surgery in young athletes.
Development and Validation of a Method for Preclinical Durability Evaluation of Linked Semiconstrained Total Elbow Replacement Prostheses
Authors: Varadarajan Ravikumar , Kincaid Brian L 
Published: February 2019

Total elbow replacement (TER) is a clinically successful procedure yet isolated, gross mechanical complications associated with implant durability persist. The objectives of this study were to (1) develop a clinically relevant in vitro methodology to replicate the reported damage modes and (2) demonstrate durability improvements of a next-generation linked, semiconstrained design. Two TER prostheses were tested on a biaxial test frame at 1.4 Hz in 37 ± 3° deionized water through 0° to 130° flexion/extension at various load levels simulating high demand, posttraumatic patients until either component failure or run out to 200 000 cycles. The damage patterns of tested components were qualitatively compared to retrieved components to establish the clinical validity of the methodology. The run out load of design 1 was equivalent to 100 N weight in hand (WIH). Specimens tested at higher load levels exhibited multimodal damage consistent in appearance with the clinical literature. The minimum run out load of design 2 was 110 N WIH with no significant damage observed on the components. The methodology developed here was shown to reproduce the clinical damage modes associated with TER in high demand, posttraumatic patients. The method was able to distinguish performance differences within and between 2 different linked, semiconstrained designs.
Myeloma bone disease: from biology findings to treatment approaches
Authors: Terpos Evangelos , Ntanasis-Stathopoulos Ioannis , Dimopoulos Meletios A. 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Bone disease is a cardinal complication of multiple myeloma that affects quality of life and survival. Osteocytes have emerged as key players in the development of myeloma-related bone disease. Along with other factors, they participate in increased osteoclast activity, decreased osteoblast function, and immunosuppressed marrow microenvironment, which deregulate bone turnover and result in bone loss and skeletal-related events. Denosumab is a novel alternative to bisphosphonates against myeloma bone disease. Special considerations in this constantly evolving field are thoroughly discussed.
Resistance mechanism for ibrutinib in marginal zone lymphoma
Authors: Epperla Narendranath , Shana’ah Arwa Y. , Jones Dan , Christian Beth A. , Ayyappan Sabarish , Maddocks Kami , Woyach Jennifer A. 
Published: February 2019

Key Points
The molecular events leading to primary and acquired resistance to ibrutinib in marginal zone lymphoma have not been studied. We describe the first case of MZL with acquired resistance to ibrutinib in which mutations in both BTK (C481S) and PLCG2 are documented.
FaultSeg3D: Using synthetic data sets to train an end-to-end convolutional neural network for 3D seismic fault segmentation
Authors: Wu Xinming , Liang Luming , Shi Yunzhi , Fomel Sergey 
Published: February 2019

Delineating faults from seismic images is a key step for seismic structural interpretation, reservoir characterization, and well placement. In conventional methods, faults are considered as seismic reflection discontinuities and are detected by calculating attributes that estimate reflection continuities or discontinuities. We consider fault detection as a binary image segmentation problem of labeling a 3D seismic image with ones on faults and zeros elsewhere. We have performed an efficient image-to-image fault segmentation using a supervised fully convolutional neural network. To train the network, we automatically create 200 3D synthetic seismic images and corresponding binary fault labeling images, which are shown to be sufficient to train a good fault segmentation network. Because a binary fault image is highly imbalanced between zeros (nonfault) and ones (fault), we use a class-balanced binary cross-entropy loss function to adjust the imbalance so that the network is not trained or converged to predict only zeros. After training with only the synthetic data sets, the network automatically learns to calculate rich and proper features that are important for fault detection. Multiple field examples indicate that the neural network (trained by only synthetic data sets) can predict faults from 3D seismic images much more accurately and efficiently than conventional methods. With a TITAN Xp GPU, the training processing takes approximately 2 h and predicting faults in a [Formula: see text] seismic volume takes only milliseconds.
Quantifying Uncertainty and Robustness in a Biomathematical Model–Based Patient-Specific Response Metric for Glioblastoma
Authors: Hawkins-Daarud Andrea , Johnston Sandra K. , Swanson Kristin R. 
Published: February 2019

Purpose Glioblastomas, lethal primary brain tumors, are known for their heterogeneity and invasiveness. A growing body of literature has been developed demonstrating the clinical relevance of a biomathematical model, the proliferation-invasion model, of glioblastoma growth. Of interest here is the development of a treatment response metric, days gained (DG). This metric is based on individual tumor kinetics estimated through segmented volumes of hyperintense regions on T1-weighted gadolinium-enhanced and T2-weighted magnetic resonance images. This metric was shown to be prognostic of time to progression. Furthermore, it was shown to be more prognostic of outcome than standard response metrics. Although promising, the original article did not account for uncertainty in the calculation of the DG metric, leaving the robustness of this cutoff in question. Methods We harnessed the Bayesian framework to consider the impact of two sources of uncertainty: (1) image acquisition and (2) interobserver error in image segmentation. We first used synthetic data to characterize what nonerror variants are influencing the final uncertainty in the DG metric. We then considered the original patient cohort to investigate clinical patterns of uncertainty and to determine how robust this metric is for predicting time to progression and overall survival. Results Our results indicate that the key clinical variants are the time between pretreatment images and the underlying tumor growth kinetics, matching our observations in the clinical cohort. Finally, we demonstrated that for this cohort, there was a continuous range of cutoffs between 94 and 105 for which the prediction of the time to progression was over 80% reliable. Conclusion Although additional validation must be performed, this work represents a key step in ascertaining the clinical utility of this metric.
Surface Dissolution UV Imaging for Investigation of Dissolution of Poorly Soluble Drugs and Their Amorphous Formulation
Authors: Long Chiau Ming , Tang Kin , Chokshi Hitesh , Fotaki Nikoletta 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe aim of this study is to investigate the dissolution properties of poorly soluble drugs from their pure form and their amorphous formulation under physiological relevant conditions for oral administration based on surface dissolution ultraviolet (UV) imaging. Dissolution of two poorly soluble drugs (cefuroxime axetil and itraconazole) and their amorphous formulations (Zinnat® and Sporanox®) was studied with the Sirius Surface Dissolution Imager (SDI). Media simulating the fasted state conditions (compendial and biorelevant) with sequential media/flow rate change were used. The dissolution mechanism of cefuroxime axetil in simulated gastric fluid (SGF), fasted state simulated gastric fluid (FaSSGF) and simulated intestinal fluid (SIF) is predominantly swelling as opposed to the convective flow in fasted state simulated intestinal fluid (FaSSIF-V1), attributed to the effect of mixed micelles. For the itraconazole compact in biorelevant media, a clear upward diffusion of the dissolved itraconazole into the bulk buffer solution is observed. Dissolution of itraconazole from the Sporanox® compact is affected by the polyethylene glycol (PEG) gelling layer and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) matrix, and a steady diffusional dissolution pattern is revealed. A visual representation and a quantitative assessment of dissolution properties of poorly soluble compounds and their amorphous formulation can be obtained with the use of surface dissolution imaging under in vivo relevant conditions.
The HMG box transcription factors Sox1a and Sox1b specify a new class of glycinergic interneuron in the spinal cord of zebrafish embryos
Authors: Gerber Vanessa , Yang Lixin , Takamiya Masanari , Ribes Vanessa , Gourain Victor , Peravali Ravindra , Stegmaier Johannes , Mikut Ralf , Reischl Markus , Ferg Marco , Rastegar Sepand , Strähle Uwe 
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACT
Specification of neurons in the spinal cord relies on extrinsic and intrinsic signals, which in turn are interpreted by expression of transcription factors. V2 interneurons develop from the ventral aspects of the spinal cord. We report here a novel neuronal V2 subtype, named V2s, in zebrafish embryos. Formation of these neurons depends on the transcription factors sox1a and sox1b. They develop from common gata2a- and gata3-dependent precursors co-expressing markers of V2b and V2s interneurons. Chemical blockage of Notch signalling causes a decrease in V2s and an increase in V2b cells. Our results are consistent with the existence of at least two types of precursor arranged in a hierarchical manner in the V2 domain. V2s neurons grow long ipsilateral descending axonal projections with a short branch at the ventral midline. They acquire a glycinergic neurotransmitter type during the second day of development. Unilateral ablation of V2s interneurons causes a delay in touch-provoked escape behaviour, suggesting that V2s interneurons are involved in fast motor responses.
Synergistic N-Heterocyclic Carbene/Palladium-Catalyzed Allylation of Aldehydes with Allylic Carbonates
Authors: Takemoto Shunsuke , Ishii Takuya , Yasuda Shigeo , Ohmiya Hirohisa 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
The synergistic merger of a thiazolium N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) catalyst and a palladium–bisphosphine catalyst enabled the allylation of aldehyde acyl anions using allylic carbonates as electrophiles. Owing to the mildness of the reaction conditions, various functional groups were tolerated in the substrates.
Social Skills and Suicide Risk in Adolescents of an Education Institute of the City of Armenia (Quindío, Colombia)
Authors: Gonzáles Portillo Juan , Franco Monroy David Alejandro , Marín Vasco Jessica Alejandra , Restrepo Chacón Stefany 
Published: February 2019

Introduction: The objective of this article is to establish the relationship between the acquisition of social skills and the clinical expression of suicidal ideation and suicide risk in adolescents. Materials and Methods: The research was conducted following a descriptive and correlational design, in a population of 115 adolescents aged between 12 and 18 years old. The Beck’s Hopelessness Scale and the Goldstein Social Skills Test were applied. Results: Data showed that there is a significant, inversely proportional correlation between the social skills and a lower risk of suicidal symptomatology. Conclusion: Based on the obtained results it was possible to corroborate how family plays a relevant role in the emotional regulation and in acquiring social skills in the individual, it was also possible to sustain that, on the basis of a healthy copying style in the resolution of vital problems, the possibility of developing any suicidal expression slows down.
Manejo de la avifauna como parte de la gestión del arbolado urbano en Bogotá D. C.
Authors: Tovar Corzo Germán 
Published: February 2019

El proceso de urbanización de Bogotá impacta directamente sobre la cobertura arbórea, debido a que los proyectos de construcción priorizan la tala en vez del traslado, y sus proyectos paisajísticos compensan insuficientemente su impacto negativo. La reducción progresiva de espacios verdes y arbolado disminuyen los hábitats necesarios para las aves. En la gestión del arbolado urbano, que incluye actividades de plantación, poda, traslado y tala, la ciudad aplica procedimientos para reducir su impacto sobre la avifauna. Su autoridad ambiental ha generado información para ampliar el conocimiento y permitir el entendimiento de la dinámica existente entre árboles y aves urbanas, que sirve de base para analizar la eficiencia de su acción, tanto en el procedimiento de manejo de avifauna como en el diseño y selección de especies en nuevas arborizaciones. Se presentan estadísticas de informes finales de manejo de avifauna de varias obras de infraestructura y los resultados de un estudio elaborado entre la Secretaría Distrital de Ambiente (sda) y la Asociación Bogotana de Ornitología (abo), en el que se formulan criterios técnicos para la conectividad ecológica con énfasis en la conservación de aves y la consolidación de procesos de restauración en la Estructura Ecológica Principal de la ciudad.
Percepciones de vecinos sobre problemas sociales y ambientales en el Gran La Plata, Argentina. Hacia una agenda de Gestión Integral del Territorio
Authors: Canevari Tomas , Banzato Guillermo , Cirio Gastón 
Published: February 2019

Este trabajo presenta resultados de una encuesta realizada en dos amplias zonas del Gran La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina, con posterioridad a la trágica inundación del 2 de abril de 2013. Su objetivo es analizar las percepciones que los habitantes de estos barrios tenían con respecto a los problemas sociales y ambientales para aplicar los resultados en el diseño de agendas científicas de intervención y transformación. En el artículo se retoma el enfoque territorial de la teoría social crítica del espacio y se aplica parcialmente el Método Territorii, que aporta una visión integral de los territorios incorporando la participación de actores comunitarios, políticos, económicos y científico-técnicos. Finalmente, se presentan los avances obtenidos en agendas científicas en ejecución que apuntan a micro-transformaciones concretas desde una visión y gestión integral basada en los resultados obtenidos con la encuesta.
El desplazamiento forzado intraurbano: una modalidad de movilidad residencial a las coacciones controvertidas
Authors: Duriez Tiphaine 
Published: February 2019

Los conflictos armados y las guerras de nuestros mundos contemporáneos han de ser analizados sin ambigüedad: para los civiles, estos enfrentamientos van acompañados de movimientos masivos de población. En la gran mayoría de los casos, estos flujos migratorios se producen dentro de las fronteras nacionales y, en este contexto, Colombia ocupa un lugar particular. Durante casi siete décadas, este territorio andino ha sido atravesado por diversas formas de reivindicaciones y enfrentamientos armados. Así, más allá de la finalización del Proceso de Paz iniciado en 2011, este país cuenta actualmente con más de 7,7 millones de desplazados internos según acnur (2018). Desde 1997, el gobierno colombiano ha adoptado una serie de medidas políticas para compensar a quienes representan a la mayoría de sus víctimas civiles de la guerra: los desplazados forzados. Enfocando la construcción de este estatuto, cuyo objetivo primero fue indemnizar la inestabilidad socioeconómica engendrada por la importancia de estos flujos migratorios, este artículo propone examinar los nexos existentes entre la ciudad y la guerra para presentar las econfiguraciones urbanas del desplazamiento forzado. El análisis partirá de la definición del término ‘desplazamiento forzado’, tal como se entiende en Colombia para apoyar el enfoque territorial aplicado a este tipo de movilidad forzada politizada. El trabajo de tesis base de este artículo se centró alrededor de estos temas y, específicamente, en las situaciones observadas dentro de las Comunas 4 y 6 de Soacha, situaciones que servirán para ilustrar el argumentario.
Crecimiento urbano y mercado de tierras en Bogotá, 1914-1944
Authors: Colón Llamas Luis Carlos 
Published: February 2019

Este artículo presenta los resultados de una investigación sobre el crecimiento de Bogotá en la primera mitad del siglo xx. El objetivo es revisar cuál fue el papel de los terratenientes, urbanizadores, agentes financieros y entidades municipales encargadas de la planeación en la creación y consolidación de un mercado de tierras destinado principalmente a la construcción de vivienda. El estudio considera que la acumulación de capital fue la fuerza orientadora del crecimiento urbano en este periodo, con importantes consecuencias para la ciudad en términos de los patrones de uso de la tierra, la distribución de la población y la estructura del espacio urbano en general. La investigación se basó principalmente en las escrituras notariales de los barrios inaugurados en el periodo de estudio. Los resultados fueron obtenidos a partir de la georreferenciación de los planos originales de los barrios.
Pengaruh Word of Mouth terhadap Minat Berkunjung Pemustaka pada Perpustakaan Daerah Salatiga
Authors: Hermawan Anton 
Published: February 2019

Perpustakaan sebagai sumber informasi dan ilmu pengetahuan tidak hanya dihimpun, diolah, dan disimpan namun perlu untuk disebarkan kepada masyarakat. Upaya untuk menyebarluaskan keberadaan perpustakaan tidak terbatas pada cara pemasaran konvensional (umum), tetapi dapat melalui berita dari mulut ke mulut. Diharapkan melalui cara tersebut minat berkunjung ke perpustakaan dapat meningkat. Oleh karena itu, peneliti tertarik untuk meneliti hubungan antara WOM dengan minat berkunjung pada perpustakaan. Analisa menggunakan statistic deskriptif dan regresi linier sederhana. Data yang diperoleh diproses menggunakan SPSS 22. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh berita dari mulut ke mulut terhadap minat berkunjung ke perpustakaan.
LCox: a tool for selecting genes related to survival outcomes using longitudinal gene expression data
Authors: Sun Jiehuan , Herazo-Maya Jose D. , Wang Jane-Ling , Kaminski Naftali , Zhao Hongyu 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Longitudinal genomics data and survival outcome are common in biomedical studies, where the genomics data are often of high dimension. It is of great interest to select informative longitudinal biomarkers (e.g. genes) related to the survival outcome. In this paper, we develop a computationally efficient tool, LCox, for selecting informative biomarkers related to the survival outcome using the longitudinal genomics data. LCox is powerful to detect different forms of dependence between the longitudinal biomarkers and the survival outcome. We show that LCox has improved performance compared to existing methods through extensive simulation studies. In addition, by applying LCox to a dataset of patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, we are able to identify biologically meaningful genes while all other methods fail to make any discovery. An R package to perform LCox is freely available at https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=LCox.