bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rango geográfico y estructura espacial de linajes genéticos en Sophora linearifolia (Fabaceae), un arbusto endémico de las sierras centrales de Argentina.
Authors: Alercia David , Giorgis Melisa A. , Funes Guillermo , Cosacov Andrea 
Published: August 2018

Las sierras de Córdoba y San Luis albergan una gran riqueza de especies endémicas. Un grupo importante de ellas muestra una distribución disyunta entre ambas serranías. Hasta la actualidad no existían estudios genéticos que permitieran inferir procesos históricos asociados a este patrón. Con este propósito caracterizamos el área de distribución y el patrón filogeográfico de Sophora linearifolia, abarcando todo su rango geográfico que incluye las Sierras Chicas (SC) y las Cumbres de Gaspar (CG) en Córdoba y el suroeste de las Sierras de San Luis (SL). Contrastamos la distribución actual con la distribución predicha a partir del modelado del nicho ecológico. Analizamos el nivel de variabilidad genética, la estructuración espacial del marcador de ADN plastidial trnH-psbA y reconstruimos las relaciones genealógicas entre los haplotipos. La distribución actual y la predicha mostraron una disyunción entre Córdoba y San Luis, pero la distribución actual presentó una disyunción entre SC y CG que no fue modelada en la distribución potencial. Se obtuvieron 8 haplotipos de distribución restringida con bajos niveles de diferenciación genética agrupados en 4 filogrupos: SC, CG y dos en SL. Nuestros resultados indican que S. linearifolia presentaría baja capacidad de dispersión y que se habría diversificado recientemente, sugiriendo que se trataría de un neoendemismo.
Heterogeneidad de la vegetación en ambientes basálticos del centro de Argentina.
Authors: Cantero Juan José , Mulko José , Núñez César , Zeballos Sebastián R. , Sfragulla Jorge A. , Amuchastegui Andrea , Barboza Gloria E. , Chiarini Franco , Ariza Espinar Luis , Bonalumi Aldo A. , Brandolin Pablo , Cabido Marcelo 
Published: August 2018

Se decribe la flora y la vegetación de pasiajes basálticos de la Sierra de Los Cóndores, Córdoba, Argentina. La vegetación se estudió según criterios de la escuela de Braun-Blanquet; la matriz de 98 inventarios × 272 spp. fue clasificada a través del método ISOPAM. El análisis discrimina tres comunidades correspondientes respectivamente a las tres geoformas relevadas en estos paisajes: Islas rocosas (inselbergs), la Matriz Natural que rodea a las Islas y la Matriz Agrícola que circunda al complejo de paisajes basálticos. Las tres comunidades difieren en su composición florística: las Islas rocosas son los sitios menos perturbados, más ricos en especies, con mayor diversidad, mayor número de especies endémicas y su fisonomía está dominada por formas arbustivas. En el otro extremo, la Matriz Agrícola es la más pobre en especies, la de menor diversidad y endemicidad, y predominan las hierbas perennes y anuales. Las Islas rocosas y la Matriz Natural registran bajos números de especies exóticas en su composición, mientras cerca del 50% de la flora de la matriz agrícola se compone de especies adventicias. Los resultados de este estudio revelan la importancia de las islas rocosas basálticas para laconservación del patrimonio natural de la provincia de Córdoba.
Influence of duration and intensity of exposure to occupational hazards on mortality levels of coal miners
Authors: Tikhonova G. I. , Piktushanskaya T. E. , Gorchakova T. Yu. , Churanova A. N. , Bryleva M. S. 
Published: August 2018

Th e article presents results of analytic epidemiologic study of mortality in coal miners cohort in Rostov region, who had occupational disease registered in various years. The cohort included 9980 males, the observation period was 26 years (01/01/1990–31/12/2015). Deep analysis of mortality with leading death causes in subgroups of coal miners differentiated by length of service in underground conditions. Standardized relative risk of death in the subgroups increased with longer length of service, with respiratory diseases, circulatory system diseases and malignancies.The authors studied mortality in subcohorts of the miners with leading and auxiliary occupations, whose work conditions differ in intensity of exposure to occupational hazards. For the workers with leading occupations, standardized relative risk of death with respiratory diseases, circulatory system diseases and malignancies was higher.
PEMBIAYAAN SYARIAH SEKTOR PERTANIAN
Authors: Saragih Faoeza Hafiz 
Published: August 2018

<p><em> Indonesia is an agriculture country, which means the agricultural sector was an important role in the Indonesian economy. One of the main problems faced by the agricultural sector is the lack of farmer capital in developing his farm, the farmer is not able to fund their farm with their own funds. The agricultural sector is known to be quite risky and uncertain and this make the financial institutions to fund this sector is relatively low. Other financing alternatives that may be the solution for farmers is the shariah financing institutions. Some shariah products which can be applied to agribusiness, among others: Mudharabah, Musharaka, muzara'ah, musaqoh, bai 'murabahah, bai istishna, bai' as-salam and rahn.</em></p><p><strong><em>Keyword: Agriculture, Financing, Shariah</em></strong></p>
Fast gray matter acquisition T1 inversion recovery MRI to delineate the mammillothalamic tract for preoperative direct targeting of the anterior nucleus of the thalamus for deep brain stimulation in epilepsy
Authors: Grewal Sanjeet S. , Middlebrooks Erik H. , Kaufmann Timothy J. , Stead Matthew , Lundstrom Brian N. , Worrell Gregory A. , Lin Chen , Baydin Serhat , Van Gompel Jamie J. 
Published: August 2018

When medically intractable epilepsy is multifocal or focal but poorly localized, neuromodulation can be useful therapy. One such technique is deep brain stimulation (DBS) targeting the anterior nucleus of the thalamus (ANT). Unfortunately, the ANT is difficult to visualize in standard MRI sequences and its indirect targeting is difficult because of thalamic variability and atrophy in patients with epilepsy. The following study describes the novel use of the fast gray matter acquisition T1 inversion recovery (FGATIR) MRI sequence to delineate the mammillothalamic tract for direct targeting of the ANT through visualizing the termination of the mammillothalamic tract in the ANT.The day prior to surgery in a 19-year-old, right-handed woman with a 5-year history of epilepsy, MRI was performed on a 3-T Siemens Prisma scanner (Siemens AG, Healthcare Sector) using a 64-channel head and neck coil. As part of the imaging protocol, noncontrast magnetization-prepared rapid gradient echo (MP-RAGE) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) sequences were obtained for targeting purposes. The ANT was directly targeted using the FGATIR sequence, and bilateral Medtronic 3389 leads were placed. At the last follow-up (2 months), the patient reported an approximate 75% decrease in seizure frequency, as well as a decrease in seizure severity.
Therapeutic potential of deep brain stimulation of the nucleus accumbens in morbid obesity
Authors: Oterdoom D. L. Marinus , van Dijk Gertjan , Verhagen Martijn H. P. , Jiawan V. Carel R. , Drost Gea , Emous Marloes , van Beek André P. , van Dijk J. Marc C. 
Published: August 2018

OBJECTIVEMorbid obesity is a growing problem worldwide. The current treatment options have limitations regarding effectiveness and complication rates. New treatment modalities are therefore warranted. One of the options is deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the nucleus accumbens (NAC). This review aims to summarize the current knowledge on NAC-DBS for the treatment of morbid obesity.METHODSStudies were obtained from multiple electronic bibliographic databases, supplemented with searches of reference lists. All animal and human studies reporting on the effects of NAC-DBS on body weight in morbidly obese patients were included. Articles found during the search were screened by 2 reviewers, and when deemed applicable, the relevant data were extracted.RESULTSFive relevant animal experimental papers were identified, pointing toward a beneficial effect of high-frequency stimulation of the lateral shell of the NAC. Three human case reports show a beneficial effect of NAC-DBS on body weight in morbidly obese patients.CONCLUSIONSThe available literature supports NAC-DBS to treat morbid obesity. The number of well-conducted animal studies, however, is very limited. Also, the optimal anatomical position of the DBS electrode within the NAC, as well as the optimal stimulation parameters, has not yet been established. These matters need to be addressed before this strategy can be considered for human clinical trials.
Deep brain stimulation for dementias
Authors: Xu David S. , Ponce Francisco A. 
Published: August 2018

OBJECTIVEThe aim of this article is to review the authors’ and published experience with deep brain stimulation (DBS) therapy for the treatment of patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Parkinson’s disease dementia (PDD).METHODSTwo targets are current topics of investigation in the treatment of AD and PDD, the fornix and the nucleus basalis of Meynert. The authors reviewed the current published clinical experience with attention to patient selection, biological rationale of therapy, anatomical targeting, and clinical results and adverse events.RESULTSA total of 7 clinical studies treating 57 AD patients and 7 PDD patients have been reported. Serious adverse events were reported in 6 (9%) patients; none resulted in death or disability. Most studies were case reports or Phase 1/2 investigations and were not designed to assess treatment efficacy. Isolated patient experiences demonstrating improved clinical response after DBS have been reported, but no significant or consistent cognitive benefits associated with DBS treatment could be identified across larger patient populations.CONCLUSIONSPDD and AD are complex clinical entities, with investigation of DBS intervention still in an early phase. Recently published studies demonstrate acceptable surgical safety. For future studies to have adequate power to detect meaningful clinical changes, further refinement is needed in patient selection, metrics of clinical response, and optimal stimulation parameters.
Resolved Star Formation Efficiency in the Antennae Galaxies
Authors: Matthews Allison M. , Johnson Kelsey E. , Whitmore Bradley C. , Brogan Crystal L. , Leroy Adam K. , Indebetouw Remy 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
We use Atacama Large Millimeter Array CO(3–2) observations in conjunction with optical observations from the Hubble Space Telescope to determine the ratio of stellar to gas mass for regions in the Antennae Galaxies. We adopt the term “instantaneous mass ratio”

, which is equivalent to the star formation efficiency (SFE) for an idealized system at t = 0. We use two complementary approaches to determining the IMR(t) based on (1) the enclosed stellar and molecular mass within circular apertures centered on optically identified clusters, and (2) a tessellation algorithm that defines regions based on CO emission. We find that only a small number of clusters appear to have IMR(0) = SFE > 0.2, which suggests that only a small fraction of these clusters will remain bound. The results suggest that by ages of 106.7 years, some clusters will have lost all of their associated molecular gas, and by 107.5 years this is true for the majority of clusters. There appears to be a slight dependence of the IMR(t) on the CO surface brightness, which could support the idea that dense molecular environments are more likely to form bound clusters. However, the IMR(t) appears to have a strong dependence on extinction, which likely traces the evolutionary state of clusters.
Lithium and Beryllium Isotopes with the PAMELA Experiment
Authors: Menn W. , Bogomolov E. A. , Simon M. , Vasilyev G. , Adriani O. , Barbarino G. C. , Bazilevskaya G. A. , Bellotti R. , Boezio M. , Bongi M. , Bonvicini V. , Bottai S. , Bruno A. , Cafagna F. , Campana D. , Carlson P. , Casolino M. , Castellini G. , De Donato C. , De Santis C. , De Simone N. , Di Felice V. , Formato V. , Galper A. M. , Karelin A. V. , Koldashov S. V. , Koldobskiy S. , Krutkov S. Y. , Kvashnin A. N. , Leonov A. , Malakhov V. , Marcelli L. , Martucci M. , Mayorov A. G. , Mergè M , Mikhailov V. V. , Mocchiutti E. , Monaco A. , Mori N. , Munini R. , Osteria G. , Palma F. , Panico B. , Papini P. , Pearce M. , Picozza P. , Ricci M. , Ricciarini S. B. , Sarkar R. , Scotti V. , Sparvoli R. , Spillantini P. , Stozhkov Y. I. , Vacchi A. , Vannuccini E. , Voronov S. A. , Yurkin Y. T. , Zampa G. , Zampa N. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
The cosmic ray (CR) lithium and beryllium (6Li, 7Li, 7Be, 9Be, 10Be) isotopic composition has been measured with the satellite-borne experiment PAMELA, which was launched into low-Earth orbit on board the Resurs-DK1 satellite on 2006 June 15. The rare lithium and beryllium isotopes in CRs are believed to originate mainly from the interaction of high-energy carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen nuclei with the interstellar medium (ISM), but also on “tertiary” interactions in the ISM (i.e., produced by further fragmentation of secondary beryllium and boron). In this paper, the isotopic ratios 7Li/6Li and 7Be/(9Be + 10Be), measured between 150 and 1100 MeV n−1 using two different detector systems from 2006 July to 2014 September, will be presented.
A Cancellation Nanoflare Model for Solar Chromospheric and Coronal Heating
Authors: Priest E. R. , Chitta L. P. , Syntelis P. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Nanoflare models for heating the solar corona usually assume magnetic braiding and reconnection as the source of the energy. However, recent observations at record spatial resolution from the Sunrise balloon mission suggest that photospheric magnetic flux cancellation is much more common than previously realized. We therefore examine the possibility of three-dimensional reconnection driven by flux cancellation as a cause of chromospheric and coronal heating. In particular, we estimate how the heights and amount of energy release produced by flux cancellation depend on flux size, flux cancellation speed, and overlying field strength.
Intraday Mid-infrared Variability of CTA 102 During Its 2016 Giant Outburst
Authors: Jiang Ning 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
We report the discovery in archival data from Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) of intraday mid-infrared (mid-IR) variability of CTA 102 during its 2016 giant outburst. The mid-IR emission of CTA 102 reached its peak around 2016 November and exhibited prominent minor flares within one day. Mid-IR color shows a bluer-when-brighter trend like the optical band during the flaring period. These characteristics likely suggest that CTA 102 was experiencing a transition from flat-spectrum radio quasar to BL Lac, whose synchrotron emission from the relativistic jet was then boosted to totally dominate optical and infrared emission.
Outreach Strategies to Engage Citizen Scientists: Insights from the Biodiversity Heritage Library
Authors: Costantino Grace 
Published: August 2018

How do you successfully engage volunteers in citizen science projects?
In recent years, citizen science has grown considerably in popularity, resulting in rapid increases in the number of citizen science and crowdsourcing projects and providing cost-effective means for scientists to gather more data over broader spatial ranges to tackle research questions in a wide variety of scientific, conservation, and environmental fields Bonney et al. 2016, Aceves-Bueno et al. 2017. While the proliferation of such projects has produced a growing abundance of citizen scientist-generated data and published research informed by citizen science methods Follett and Strezov 2015, this also means that volunteers have a greater number of projects competing for their time.
When faced with an increasingly-crowded landscape, how can you generate interest in a citizen science or crowdsourcing project and maintain contributions over the project’s lifetime?
The Biodiversity Heritage Library (BHL) supports a variety of citizen science and crowdsourcing projects, from transcribing field notes to tagging scientific illustrations with taxonomic names on Flickr and enhancing data for 19th century periodicals through its Zooniverse-based Science Gossip project. Through a variety of outreach strategies including collaborative social media campaigns, partnerships with citizen science communities, and interactive incentives, BHL has successfully engaged volunteers with diverse projects to enrich the library’s data and increase discoverability of its collections.
This presentation will discuss outreach strategies for citizen science projects that BHL has undertaken to further support research initiatives with our content. In addition, the presentation will share lessons-learned and offer suggestions that attendees can apply to their own citizen science engagement efforts.
Abnormal Cardiac Biomarkers in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and No Prior Heart Disease: A Consequence of Antimalarials?
Authors: Tselios Konstantinos , Gladman Dafna D. , Harvey Paula , Akhtari Shadi , Su Jiandong , Urowitz Murray B. 
Published: August 2018

Objective.Cardiac involvement in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is often undiagnosed in its early phases. Specific heart biomarkers may identify patients at risk. We sought to investigate the prevalence and associated factors for such biomarkers in SLE.Methods.Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and cardiac troponin I (cTnI) were measured simultaneously in 151 consecutive patients with no history of heart disease or pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). None had electrocardiographic abnormalities suggestive of acute coronary syndrome. Cross-sectional comparisons and logistic regression analyses were performed. Patients with abnormal biomarkers were investigated to delineate the specific cause.Results.Sixteen patients (16/151, 10.6%) had elevated BNP, and 9 of them also had abnormal cTnI. Compared to subjects with normal biomarkers, they were older, had longer disease and antimalarial (AM) use duration, and more frequently persistent creatine phosphokinase (CPK) elevation. Multivariable regression analysis showed prolonged AM treatment (> 5.6 yrs) and persistent CPK elevation to be important predictors for elevated cardiac biomarkers. Six patients were diagnosed with definite (based on endomyocardial biopsy, n = 2) or possible (based on cardiac magnetic resonance after exclusion of other causes) AM-induced cardiomyopathy (AMIC); all had both BNP and cTnI elevated. Alternative causes were identified in 5, while no definitive diagnosis could be made in the remaining patients.Conclusion.About 10% of patients with SLE had elevated myocardial biomarkers, in the absence of prior cardiac disease or PAH. One-third of them were diagnosed with AMIC. Prolonged AM therapy and persistent CPK elevation conferred an increased risk for abnormal BNP and cTnI, which might predict AMIC.
Reducing Use of Restraints in Intensive Care Units: A Quality Improvement Project
Authors: Mitchell Dannette A. , Panchisin Teresa , Seckel Maureen A. 
Published: August 2018

BACKGROUNDUse of physical restrainst is scrutinized in intensive care units today. Usage rates for the 5 intensive care units in the Christiana Care Health Services, Newark, Delaware, were higher than the National Database of Nursing Quality Indicators mean rate of 9.61% to 15.43% for many months during fiscal years 2013 and 2014.OBJECTIVETo reduce and sustain the restraint rates to less than the national database mean rates for all 5 intensive care units.METHODSA quality improvement process was used that included forming a multiunit restraint collaborative; reviewing restraint data, including self-extubation rates; surveying staff nurses to examine alignment with evidence-based practice; and selecting a new restraint-alternative product.RESULTSAll 5 intensive care units were able to successfully decrease restraint rates to less than the national database mean for the majority of the months since the start of the restraint collaborative in September 2012.CONCLUSIONUse of a restraint collaborative with subsequent adoption of restraint alternatives led to a decrease in restraint rates for the 5 intensive care units to less than the national database mean, enabled sustained success, and helped align nurses’ beliefs with evidence-based practice.
Quiet Time: A Noise Reduction Initiative in a Neurosurgical Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Goeren Danielle , John Sherley , Meskill Katie , Iacono Laura , Wahl Stacy , Scanlon Kerri 
Published: August 2018

BACKGROUND
High noise levels in intensive care units are common. Increased noise levels can lead to sleep deprivation, increased pain perception, and delirium. The most common cause of reducible noise in intensive care units often is attributed to staff conversations.

OBJECTIVES
In January 2015, the neurosurgical intensive care unit staff identified noise as a problem, referencing complaints from other disciplines and family members. Quiet times from 3 am to 5 am and from 3 pm to 5 pm were agreed upon. An improvement plan was developed with a goal to decrease noise levels by 10 decibels in 6 months.

METHODS
Using a decibel meter, noise data were collected in 4 locations every 30 minutes during the chosen times for 8 days. Quiet time was implemented 1 week after staff, patient, and family education was completed. Decibel data were collected and evaluated after 60 days.

RESULTS
There were statistically significant reductions in noise levels at nurses’ station left (P = .04) and the bed 9 entrance (P = .02). Noise levels were lower, but not significantly so, for nurses’ station right (P = .12) and the bed 4 entrance (P = .06). Noise levels during quiet time decreased to an average of 10 to 15 decibels lower than baseline data.

CONCLUSIONS
Sharing baseline data was effective to heighten noise awareness. During quiet time, limiting conversations, eliminating environmental noise, and dimming the lights as a reminder to be quiet are 3 simple strategies that can be implemented to lessen noise.
A Fundamental Role of Myh9 for Neutrophil Migration in Innate Immunity
Authors: Zehrer Annette , Pick Robert , Salvermoser Melanie , Boda Annegret , Miller Meike , Stark Konstantin , Weckbach Ludwig T. , Walzog Barbara , Begandt Daniela 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Neutrophils are the first leukocytes to arrive at sites of injury during the acute inflammatory response. To maintain the polarized morphology during migration, nonmuscle myosins class II are essential, but studies using genetic models to investigate the role of Myh9 for neutrophil migration were missing. In this study, we analyzed the functional role of Myh9 on neutrophil trafficking using genetic downregulation of Myh9 in Vav-iCre+/Myh9wt/fl mice because the complete knockout of Myh9 in the hematopoietic system was lethal. Migration velocity and Euclidean distance were significantly diminished during mechanotactic migration of Vav-iCre+/Myh9wt/fl neutrophils compared with Vav-iCre−/Myh9wt/fl control neutrophils. Similar results were obtained for transmigration and migration in confined three-dimensional environments. Stimulated emission depletion nanoscopy revealed that a certain threshold of Myh9 was required to maintain proper F-actin dynamics in the front of the migrating cell. In laser-induced skin injury and in acute peritonitis, reduced Myh9 expression in the hematopoietic system resulted in significantly diminished neutrophil extravasation. Investigation of bone marrow chimeric mice in the peritonitis model revealed that the migration defect was cell intrinsic. Expression of Myh9-EGFP rescued the Myh9-related defects in two-dimensional and three-dimensional migration of Hoxb8-SCF cell–derived neutrophils generated from fetal liver cells with a Myh9 knockdown. Live cell imaging provided evidence that Myh9 was localized in branching lamellipodia and in the uropod where it may enable fast neutrophil migration. In summary, the severe migration defects indicate an essential and fundamental role of Myh9 for neutrophil trafficking in innate immunity.