bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hak Pemanfaatan Sumber Daya Alam Perspektif ‎Hukum Islam
Authors: Mugiyati Mugiyati 
Published: March 2018

Abstract: Islam gives freedom to people to utilize the public natural resources, because everyone has the irtifâq right namely to use immovable good, whether it belongs to an individual or public property. Common ownership is allowed in Islamic law if an object which is intended and used for the public. The principle of freedom granted by Islam for the right holders to use is not without limit, but constrained by accountability and adherence to sharia. The right holders in using theirs’ is to be in line with the principle of maqâshid al-syarî’ah. On the basis of this principle, they are prohibited to use their rights in excess which lead to infringement and damages to the interests of the others as well as the rights and interests of the general public. Of course, this can be jailed (ta’zîr) by the judge.Keywords: Right holder, natural resources, Islamic law. Abstrak: Islam memberikan kebebasan kepada manusia untuk memanfaatkan sumber daya alam yang bersifat publik, karena setiap orang memiliki hak irtifâq yaitu hak pemanfaatan benda tidak bergerak, baik benda itu milik individu atau milik umum”. Kepemilikan umum dimungkinkan dalam hukum Islam jika suatu benda pemanfaatannya diperuntukan bagi masyarakat umum yang mana masing-masing saling membutuhkan. Prinsip kebebasan yang diberikan Islam bagi pemilik hak untuk mempergunakan haknya bukanlah bebas tanpa batas, namun dibatasi oleh pertanggungjawaban dan kepatuhan pada syariah. Pemegang hak dalam menggunakan haknya harus sejalan dengan maqâshid al-syarî’ah. Atas dasar prinsip ini pemilik hak dilarang mempergunakan haknya secara berlebihan yang menimbulkan pelanggaran hak dan kerugian terhadap kepentingan orang lain maupun terhadap hak dan kepentingan masyarakat umum dan dapat dikenai hukuman penjara (ta’zîr) oleh hakim.Kata Kunci: Hak pemanfaatan, sumber daya alam, hukum Islam.
Kekuatan Yuridis Persumpsion Dalam Proses Pembuktian Perkara
Authors: Aunurrofiq M 
Published: March 2018

Abstract: This article discusses judicial strength of judge’s presumption in the examination process according to Islamic law of criminal procedure and Indonesian code of criminal procedure. Since there are numerous motive of crime nowadays, judges must always follow procedure and have sufficient legal knowledge in the examination process to ensure just verdicts. In the process, judicial presumption play crucial role but it must be based on evidence according to Indonesian code of criminal procedure. Similarly, in Islamic criminal procedure, presumption is important to be basis of verdict as long as supported by other evidence. The difference is that presumption in Indonesian code of criminal procedure can only be considered as indirect evidence, whereas is Islamic criminal procedure, it can perform as direct evidence. Thus, the use of presumption in examination of criminal cases depends on the judges’ wisdom.
Keywords: Presumption, Islamic law of criminal procedure, Indonesian code of criminal procedure.
Abstrak Artikel ini membahas tentang kekuatan yuridis persumpsion hakim dalam proses pembuktian perkara menurut Hukum Acara Pidana Islam dan KUHAP. Kekuatan yuridis persumpsion, menurut KUHAP, baru bisa mempunyai kekuatan hukum untuk menjatuhkan putusan jika dikaitkan dengan alat bukti yang lain. Kekuatan yuridis persumpsion menurut Hukum Acara Pidana Islam, sudah mempunyai kekuatan hukum untuk menjatuhkan putusan meskipun tanpa didukung oleh alat bukti lain. Persumpsion dalam KUHAP dan Hukum Acara Pidana Islam keduanya mempunyai kesamaan, yakni sama-sama dapat digunakan sebagai alat bukti dan mempunyai kekuatan hukum dalam proses pembuktian, sedangkan yang membedakan adalah KUHAP berlaku pada pembuktian tidak langsung sedangkan dalam Hukum Acara Pidana Islam berlaku pada pembuktian langsung. Sedangkan kelebihan serta kekurangannya tergantung kepada hakim, apakah ia mampu menggunakan persumpsion dengan arif dan bijaksana atau tidak dalam menangani, mengadili dan menjatuhkan putusan.
Kata Kunci: Persumpsion, pembuktian perkara, Hukum acara pidana Islam, KUHAP.
Sanksi Kebiri Kimia Bagi Pemerkosa Anak perspektif Mashlahah Mursalah
Authors: Azizah Mashlahatul 
Published: March 2018

Abstract: This article analyses castration as punishment for underage rage from the perspective mashlahah mursalah. Chemical castration is introduced as one of punishment in rape with the victimof underage children based on article 81 of Government Regulation in Lieu of Law No. 1/2016. The Law was issued due to frequent occurrence of this kind of rape. The punishment was made severe to deter from its occurrence. Castration is in fact useful in preventing the vice. It has fulfilled requirements of mashlahah mursalah. Castration in the Government Regulation in Lieu of Law No. 1/2016 is subsidiary punishment. Cemichal castration in this punishment does not have permanent effect and applied only for certain offender and in application it is applied after undergoing main punishment coupled with rehabilitation under supervision of related government agencies, namely ministry of Law and human rights,ministry of social welfare and ministry ofhelath. By doing so, human rights remains protected and society will deemit useful
Keywords: chemical castration, rape, mashlahah mursalah.
Abstrak: Artikel ini membahas tentang analisis mashlahah mursalah terhadap kebiri kimia bagi pemerkosa anak. Adanya kebiri kimia dalam pidana pemerkosaan anak di bawah umur berdasarkan Pasal 81 Perppu No. 1 Tahun 2016. Hal tersebut disebabkan maraknya tindak kekerasan seksual terhadap anak, dan ancaman hukuman yang dimuat dalam Pasal 81 UU No. 35 Tahun 2014 belum menimbulkan efek jera kepada pelaku kekerasan seksual. Hukuman kebiri ini mengandung sebuah manfaat sebagaimana syarat-syarat mashlahah mursalah. Hukuman kebiri dalam Perppu No. 1 Tahun 2016 bersifat sebagai hukuman tambahan, tidak bersifat permanen, hanya diperuntukkan bagi pelaku yang masuk dalamkategori Pasal 76 D UU No. 35 Tahun 2014, dikecualikan bagi pelaku anak dan dalam pelaksanaanya dilakukan setelah pelaku menjalani pidana pokok dengan dibarengi adanya rehabiltasi di bawah pengawasan kementrian hukum, kementrian sosial dan kementrian kesehatan sehingga tidak menghapuskan hak asasi manusia dan adanya penambahan hukuman ini dapat menimbulkan suatu kemanfaatan di dalam kehidupan masyarakat.
Kata Kunci: Kebiri kimia, pemerkosaan, mashlahah mursalah.
Lautenistinnen in Deutschland im 18. Jahrhundert
Authors: Farstad Per Kjetil 
Published: March 2018

"Lautenistinnen in Deutschland im 18. Jahrhundert" contains a descriptive presentation of some of the most outstanding female lutenists in the 18th Century German Countries: Luise Adelgunde Victoria von Gottsched, Anna Maria Wilhelmina von Althan Lobkovitz, Christiane Mariane von Ziegler, Anna Ilsabe Lehmann Brockes, and Friederike Sophie Wilhelmine of Bayreuth. The article is a small contribution to the ongoing international female research within the area of musicology. Key words: · Women lutenists · 18th century German Countries · Women's position in the musical life
İLKOKUL 4. SINIF ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN DÖRT İŞLEM PROBLEMLERİNİ ÇÖZERKEN YAPTIKLARI MATEMATİKSEL HATALAR
Authors: EKİCİ Betül , DEMİR Mehmet Kaan 
Published: March 2018

Bu çalışmanın amacı dördüncü sınıf öğrencilerinin dört işlem problemlerini çözerken yaptıkları matematiksel hataları matematiksel dil becerileriyle birlikte incelemektir. Dört işlem, matematik alanının neredeyse temelini oluşturan adımdır. İlkokul 4. Sınıf müfredatı, dört işlemin tüm seneye yayılmış halde problem çalışmaları kazanımlarıyla öğretilmesini vurgular. Dört işlem problemleri matematik alanında bu kadar önemli bir yere sahipken, konunun öğrenciler tarafından en doğru şekilde öğrenilmesi açısından öğrencilerin işlemleri çözerken ne tür hatalar yaptığının belirlenmesi ve bu hataların giderilmesi gerekmektedir. Ülkemizde bu konu üzerinde çalışılmış bir araştırmaya rastlanmamış olmakla birlikte bu çalışmanın alan yazına, öğrencilerin konuyla ilgili hatalarını saptama ve giderme üzerine yapılacak çalışmalarda katkı sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir.Araştırmada nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden durum çalışması deseni kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın evrenini 2016-2017 eğitim öğretim yılında Çanakkale ili Bayramiç ilçesindeki üç ilkokulda öğrenim göre dördüncü sınıf öğrencileri oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu ise bu öğrenciler arasından çalışma kriterlerine uygun, çalışmaya katılmaya gönüllü ve veli izni olan 7 öğrenci oluşturmaktadır.Araştırmada veri toplama tekniği olarak, White (2005) dört işlem sorularının Türkçeye uyarlama çalışması yapılmıştır. Araştırmanın uyarlama çalışması tamamlandıktan sonra, bu on adet dört işlem sorusu tüm dördüncü sınıflara uygulanmıştır. Ardından bu öğrenciler arasından asıl çalışmaya katılmaya gönüllü öğrencilerden 7’si ile Newman Hata Analizi prosedürlerine göre uygulama gerçekleştirilmiştir.Araştırmanın sonuçlarına göre 4. sınıf öğrencileri okumada, okuduğunu anlamada ve okuduklarını kendi cümleleriyle ifade etmekte sıkıntı yaşamaktadırlar. Çok kötü yazmaktadırlar öyle ki kendi yazılarını okumakta bile güçlük çekmektedirler. Soruyu tam olarak anlayamadıklarından çözüm için uygun bir yol oluşturamamakta hatta bazen problemin içinde gördükleri sayılarla kendilerine işlem yaratmaktadırlar. Dört işleme hakim olmamaları işlem hatası yapmalarına sebep olabilmektedir. Özellikle çarpma işlemi yapmaktan kaçınmaktadırlar.
Investigation of Power Flow Effect of Serial and Parallel FACTS Devices
Authors: BAKIR Huseyin , ÖZTÜRK Ali , TOSUN Salih 
Published: March 2018

It is difficult to increase the capacity of
the transmission system by establishing new lines or switching to a new voltage
level to meet the rapidly rising electricity demand. Thus, there is an
increased need for power flow controllers that can increase the capacity of the
existing transmission line and control power flows in predetermined
transmission corridors. For this reason, in recent years a new class of controllers
has emerged called Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS). It is very
important to investigate the advantages of FACTS devices and to model these
devices so that power systems can be operated in steady state. In this study, a
comprehensive modeling of the most popular FACTS devices for power flow
operation was performed. Power flow studies were first performed using the
Newton Raphson method for an IEEE 5-bus power system without any FACTS devices.
Then, different FACTS controllers were added to the system to perform power
flow studies. As a result of the power flow studies performed, it was observed
that the FACTS controllers increased the capacity of the existing transmission
line and contributed to the voltage stability.
A New Speed Control Technique for a Separately Excited Direct Current Motor by PID Controller
Authors: AKAR Onur , TERZİ Umir K. , OZGONENEL Okan 
Published: March 2018

In this study, by deriving electro-mechanic mathematical
model of separately excited direct current motor (SEDCM) via equivalent circuit,
a new control block diagram has been formed. By using this block diagram, state
space model of SEDCM has been created and block diagram of motor has been
formed in Matlab Simulink environment. Steady state and transient values of
armature current, emf, produced torque, speed and position angle have been
obtained using this new model. By adding PID controller to block diagram, SEDCM
has been remodeled. Finally, results of steady state and transient analysis of
SEDCM have examined through speed control of the proposed model.

It is reported that the suggested modeling
technique is able to analyze the speed control of the SEDCM.&nbsp;
Analyzing High Efficiency Asynchronous Motors Using Scalar Control Technique
Authors: UZUN Hasan , AKAR Onur , DEMIRCI Alpaslan , AKUNER M. CANER , TERZİ UMIT K: 
Published: March 2018

In industry, more than half of the total
electrical energy produced in developed countries is converted into mechanical
energy by electric motors. The usage rate of asynchronous motors is estimated
to be 90% of all electric motors. For these motors, an improvement in
efficiency may result in huge savings. These electric motors which have
minimized losses can be improved with speed control drives to be more efficient
in terms of energy consumption and performance. In speed control drives of asynchronous
motors widely used in industry; scalar, vector control and direct torque
control are used.

In this study, in a Matlab/Simulink environment,
high efficiency and standard asynchronous motors with the same characteristics
were driven with scalar control technique and the simulations were compared in
detail. From the point of view of both speed control performance and energy
saving, it observed that high efficiency motors have more advantages.&nbsp;
Transmission of Audio Signal from Reed-Solomon AWGN Channel Using Wavelet Transform Families
Authors: KARAGOL Serap , YILDIZ Doğan 
Published: March 2018

Mobile communication
has become an important part of our daily lives for voice communication, data
sharing and access over the Internet. Mobile communication is an open network,
so maintaining the privacy and reliability of data has always been anxiety. The
reliability of the data against channel noise can be achieved by various error
correction codes. The primary purpose of the channel coding process is to
reduce the effect of disturbing influences to the minimum level. In this way,
the receiver will be able to receive the data sent by the transmitter with the
minimum error. In this research paper, it is required to acquire two audio
signals with 8 bits of resolution and 8 kHz sampling frequency for 5 seconds in
MATLAB. In the first part of this study, Reed-Solomon (RS) Coding Method was
used to transmit two audio data recorded in .wav format with minimum error.
Binary Phase Shift Keying (BPSK) modulation was used as the modulation
method.&nbsp; The Bit Error Rate (BER)
performance curve was plotted and the difference between the original and the
received signal was observed. According to the BER performance curve, as the
signal to noise ratio increases, less false data is received at the receiver.
In the second part of the study, four wavelet transform families at different
levels were applied to the audio signal, and the performances of these classes
were compared.
Representaciones maternas sobre salud y lactancia del hijo prematuro en hospitales con y sin certificación de Hospital Amigo del Niño y de la Madre
Authors: Gallegos Martínez Josefina , Reyes Hernández Jaime 
Published: March 2018

ANTECEDENTES: la prevalencia de la lactancia materna en prematuros mexicanos es baja, a pesar de ser una medida accesible y de bajo costo recomendada por la Organización Mundial de la Salud. Uno de os factores de abandono es la percepción de baja producción láctea. OBJETIVO: comparar las representaciones maternas de salud y lactancia en hijos prematuros internados en hospitales de referencia, en tanto certificado o no como Hospital Amigo del Niño y de la Madre.MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: estudio cualitativo efectuado en dos hospitales de referencia: uno de ellos certificado como amigo del niño y la madre (17 madres y 1 padre de prematuros) y otro no certificado (13 madres). Instrumento de recolección: guía de entrevista semiestructurada que se realizó cara a cara por personal capacitado. Se aplicó análisis de contenido temático a las comunicaciones hasta aprehender las representaciones de acuerdo con el objetivo. Se obtuvo la aprobación de los comités de ética de cada hospital y los participantes firmaron el consentimiento informado. RESULTADOS: se aprehendieron tres representaciones: 1) la saludcorporalidad del hijo prematuro internado; 2) elegir el mejor alimento la leche materna versus fórmula para el hijo prematuro y 3) las informaciones recibidas sobre lactancia materna.CONCLUSIONES: la salud del hijo prematuro se representa en la corporalidad, principalmente el peso. En las representaciones maternas se manifestó la construcción de conocimiento de la leche como alimento “bueno”, que les permitió optar, inicialmente, por alimentar al hijo con su leche. La percepción de producción insuficiente, la creencia de que la leche materna daña, la actividad laboral materna y la prescripción de sucedáneos posibilita el abandono de la lactancia materna. En el Hospital Amigo del Niño y de la Madre se denotó sistematización en pro de la lactancia, con personal e infraestructura asignados a esa labor; en el hospital no certificado se denotaron solamente acciones informativas verbales o gráficas.
Analisis Aplikasi Akad Tabarru’ dalam Asuransi Syariah: Studi Kasus pada AJB Bumiputera 1912 Syariah Cabang Kudus
Authors: Hakim M. Arif 
Published: March 2018

The purpose of this research is to (1) know of products of Islamic insurance at AJB Bumiputera 1912 Syariah Cabang Kudus; (2) know how procedure and mechanism of application of akad tabarru’ in Islamic insurance at AJBBumiputera 1912 Syariah Cabang Kudus; (3) analyse the application of akadtabarru’ in Islamic insurance at AJB Bumiputera 1912 Syariah CabangKudus.This research including field research with qualitative approach. Dataanalysis using descriptive analysis.Result of this research indicate that (1)products at AJB Bumiputera 1912 Syariah Cabang Kudus are products withsaving system; individual insurance (Mitra Sakinah, Mitra Mabrur and MitraIqra’) and group insurance; (2) in executing daily activity of AJB Bumiputera1912 Syariah Cabang Kudus, premium which step into the company groupedto become the Tabarru’ (benefaction fund), Premium of Saving and Premiumof Cost; (3) application of Akad tabarru’ at AJB Bumiputera 1912 SyariahCabang Kudus as according to religious advices of Dewan Syariah Nasional Majelis Ulama Indonesia (DSN-MUI) No. 21/DSN-MUI/X/2001 about common guidance of islamic insurance expressed that akad tabarru’ is all form akad done with benefaction purpose and help mutually, not for the commercial purpose
Pendekatan Tafsir Produk Perbankan Syariah
Authors: Mujib Abdul 
Published: March 2018

As a financial intermediary institution, Islamic banks offer several productsin the form of funding, financing, and other services. The product as regulatedin Law No. 21 of 2008 concerning Islamic Bank. Products, as mentioned above, refer to the results of the Fatwa issued by National Shariah Council of MUI. Fatwa is commonly used in the implementation of funding and financing namely DSN-MUI No. 1/DSNMUI/IV/2000 about Giro, DSN-MUI No. 2/DSN-MUI/IV/2000 about Saving, DSN-MUI No. 3/DSN-MUI/IV/2000 about Deposit, dan DSN-MUI No. 7/DSN-MUI/IV/2000 about Mudharabah Financing.Produk perbankan syari’ah sebagaimana yang tersebut di atas diatur dalamUU No 21 Tahun 2008 merupakan penjabaran dari konsep dasar syari’atIslam yang dilakukan oleh Dewan Syari’ah Nasional (DSN) MUI melaluifatwanya, baik yang merujuk langsung kepada al-Qur’an dan hadis maupunpada literatur hukum Islam (fiqh). Secara spesifik tulisan ini bertujuan untuk memberikan gambaran terkait dengan penetapan produk perbankan syari’ah di Indonesia. Selanjutnya mendiskripsikan karakteristik dari pola tafsir dalam pembangunan produk perbankan syari’ah. Tafsir yang telah dilakukan oleh lembaga-lembaga keuangan atas Fatwa DSN-MUI selama ini adalah mengacu pada dua pola besar yaitu; Akomodatif dan Asimilatif. Agar produk syariah tidak identik dengan produk-produk perbankan konvensional, maka tafsir yang dilakukan pada tingkat pertama harus merujuk langsung kepada sumber ajaran Islam dan kenyataan perkembangan bisnis keuangan dan perbankan.
Kedudukan Hukum Perbankan Syariah dalam Sistem Perbankan Nasional
Authors: Tutik Titik Triwulan 
Published: March 2018

The development of Islamic banks as part of the Islamic economic system inIndonesia can be said late compared to that in other countries whose populationis predominantly Muslim. However, the legal position of Islamic banking isjuridically strong and aligned with other conventional banks. If a dispute occursto those banks, according to the decision of Constitutional Court No. 93/PUU-X/ 2012 stating that it can be solved using two ways, namely, litigation and non-litigation. Problem solving using way of litigation becomes the absolute uthority of religious courts, while problem solving using nonlitigation, each party may choose the solution which is not only that explained on Article 55 paragraph (2) of Law No. 21 of 2008 concerning Islamic Banking, but it can also take other alternatives according to the deal made. Surveillance towards Islamic Banking is held not only by insider but also by independent regulatory institution namely DPS and DSN that both have duty of maintaining the Islamic banking towards an ideal situation and keep the Muslims. In addition, as a form of public participation, all Muslims have an obligation to conduct surveillance towards Islamic banking either directly or indirectly as a vehicle for commanding the good and forbidding dishonor towards the implementation of Islamic banking as the Islamic economic life
Pembagian Zakat Fitrah Kepada Mustahiq: Studi Komparatif Ketentuan Ashnaf Menurut Imam Syafi’i dan Imam Malik
Authors: Chintya Aprina , Wahyuni Eka Tri 
Published: March 2018

The difference of opinion between Imam Syafi’i and Imam Malik regarding the distribution of zakat fitrah to mustahiq creates a considerable difference in the implications. This study aims to describe recipients of zakat fitrah according to Imam Syafi’i and Imam Malik. This is a descriptive research. Method of collecting data was documentation. The data was analyzed using content analysis. The results showed that the determination of zakat fitrah recipients according to Imam Syafi’i is based on the command of Allah SWT, as prescribed in al-qur’an surah AtTaubah: verse 60 oriented to bayani approach namely distributing zakat fitrah is given to the 8 groups of zakat recipients. If none of them, then zakat is only given to the existing group only. Meanwhile, Imam Malik in determining zakat fitrah recipients refers to sunnah Rasulullah SAW, which gives a hint that Rasulullah SAW distributed zakat fitrah only to the poor and needy only. The difference in determining mustahiq in the distribution of zakat fitrah is due to the different istinbath method used. This is quite influential to income of the poors and gives the explanation to the society about distribution of zakat fitrah to mustahiq.Perbedaan pendapat antara Imam Syafi’i dan Imam Malik mengenai pembagian zakat fitrah kepada mustahiq menciptakan perbedaan yang cukup besar dalam implikasinya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan mustahiq penerima zakat fitrah menurut Imam Syafi’i dan Imam Malik. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian studi pustaka yang bersifat deskriptif. Pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini dilakukan dengan teknik dokumentasi dan teknik analisa data yang digunakan adalah content analysis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penentuan mustahiqzakat fitrah Imam Syafi’i berdasarkan pada perintah Allah SWT, yang terdapat dalam AlQur’an surat At-Taubah ayat 60 berorientasi pada pendekatan bayani yaitu membagikan zakat fitrah kepada 8 golongan penerima zakat mal jika semua golongan itu ada. Jika tidak, zakat itu hanya diberikan kepada golongan yang ada saja. Sementara itu, Imam Malik dalam menentukan mustahiq zakat fitrah berpijak pada Sunnah Rasulullah SAW, yang memberikan petunjuk bahwa Rasulullah SAW, membagikan zakat fitrah hanya kepada kaum fakir dan miskin saja. Perbedaan penentuan mustahiq dalam pembagian zakat fitrah ini disebabkan karena erbedaan metode istinbath yang digunakan. Hal ini sangat berpengaruh terhadap kesejahteraan pendapatan bagi kaum dhuafa dan memberikan gambaran pembelajaran bagi masyarakat tentang dasar pembagian zakat fitrah kepada mustahiq.