bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phase 1 Study of AYP-101 (Soybean Phosphatidylcholine): Safety, Pharmacokinetics, and Lipid Profile Effects for Reducing Submental Fat
Authors: Lee Hyun Joon , Jiang Xu , El-Aty A. M. Abd , Jeong Ji Hoon , Chung Jae-Yong 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Excessive submental fat under the chin is a known aesthetic concern because of its negative impact on facial appearance and psychological well-being. AYP-101 is a newly developed injectable agent containing 93% soybean phosphatidylcholine (SPC) designed to reduce submental fat. We conducted a phase 1 study to evaluate the safety, pharmacokinetic (PK), and lipid profile effects of AYP-101.
Methods
This study was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, single-dose, two-cohort trial. Participants were randomized into groups receiving 250 mg of AYP-101, 500 mg of AYP-101, or placebo at a 9:9:8 ratio across both cohorts. Safety was assessed through standard clinical evaluations. Blood samples were collected up to 144 h postdose in cohort 1 and up to 48 h postdose in cohort 2. The PK parameters were calculated via noncompartmental analysis.
Results
All 26 randomized subjects completed the study. There were 72 solicited adverse drug reactions (ADRs) reported by 20 subjects, all of which were mild. The most common ADRs were injection site pain and bruising. No clinically significant differences in safety, PK, or lipid profiles were observed between the dose groups.
Conclusions
AYP-101 appears to be a safe candidate for treating submental fat, with localized reactions and no systemic exposure at single subcutaneous doses of up to 500 mg.
Trial registration:
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05476094
Sellar and perisellar meningiomas: effects on pituitary function in a Spanish observational study
Authors: Guerrero-Pérez Fernando , Biagetti Betina , Fano Miguel Paja , Menéndez-Torre Edelmiro Luis , Rivero Gonzalo , Dios Elena , Hanzu Felicia Alexandra , Rojas-Marcos Patricia Martín , Irigaray Ana , Rodríguez María Dolores Moure , García-Centeno Rogelio , Fernández Laura González , Enseñat Joaquim , Mora Mireia , Villar-Taibo Rocío , García Isabel M. Ortiz , Araujo-Castro Marta , Gándara Carmen , García María Dolores Ollero , Tenorio-Jiménez Carmen , Novo-Rodríguez Cristina , Civantos Soralla , Simó-Servat Andreu , Aulinas Anna , Asla Queralt , Cordido Fernando , Novoa-Testa Iría , Xifra Gemma , Ayala-Conte María , Zamarrón Álvaro , Berrocal M Isabel García , Iglesias Pedro 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Studies focused on the effects of sellar and/or perisellar (S/PS) meningiomas on pituitary function are scarce. We evaluate the clinical characteristics, therapeutic outcomes, and the effects that S/PS meningiomas and their treatments have on pituitary function.
Methods
A multicenter and retrospective study of patients with S/PS meningiomas attended in 20 tertiary Spanish centers.
Results
171 patients, 129 (75.4%) females, with median age of 61.5 [51–71] years were analyzed. At presentation, 118 (69.1%) had visual disturbance, 66 (38.6%) headache, 46 (26.9%) cranial nerve palsy and 35 (25.7%) hypopituitarism. Median tumor diameter was 29 [22-35.5] mm and cavernous sinus infiltration was detected in 99 (59.3%) of which 77 (77.8%) had Knosp grades 3 or 4. As initial treatment, 134 (78.4%) underwent surgery, 25 (14.6%) received radiotherapy and 12 (7%) were clinically and radiologically monitored. Among operated patients, gross total resection (GTR) was achieved in 45 (33.6%), whereas in 89 (66.4%) the tumor was incompletely removed. Overall median follow-up was 5.7 [2.9–9.2] years. After treatments, hypopituitarism increased significantly in the whole series (n = 86, 53.1%) respect to diagnosis (n = 35, 25.7%), p < 0.001. Development of hypopituitarism was not associated with surgery extension (subtotal or GTR), histological subtype, type of radiotherapy or radiation dose received.
Conclusions
S/PS meningiomas affect the pituitary function in 25% of the cases. However, after the implementation of treatments, hypopituitarism prevails in more than 50% of the cases. They are relatively large tumors and often locally invasive, and GTR is achieved in only one third of the cases.
Risk factors for wound complications after associating liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy (ALPPS) compared to repeated liver resection - a propensity score matching analysis
Authors: Khajeh Elias , Sabetkish Nastaran , Ramouz Ali , Werba Alexander , Klotz Rosa , Michalski Christoph W. , Mehrabi Arianeb , Pianka Frank 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Aim: Sufficient liver function is crucial in extracellular matrix growth, hemostasis, and wound healing. Repeated abdominal surgery is a known risk factor for the development of wound complications. This study aimed to evaluate this high-risk constellation in patients undergoing associated liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy (ALPPS) and repeated liver resections (RLR) in comparison to single liver resection (SLR).
Method: Forty patients who underwent ALPPS between 2011 and 2020 were evenly matched with patients undergoing RLR or SLR (n=40 per group) using propensity scores. Postoperative outcomes were compared and factors associated with wound complications were analyzed.
Results: Postoperative wound complications were significantly more frequent in ALPPS group (p=0.001). The reoperation rate was not significantly different between the three groups (p=0.143). However, surgical reintervention due to wound complications occurred more frequently in the ALPPS group in relation to RLR and SLR (17.5% vs. 7.5% and 5% respectively). Length of stay was significantly longer in the ALPPS group (p=0.033). ALPPS was an independent risk factor for postoperative wound complication (OR= 8.55, 95% CI:1.07-68.44, p=0.043). Risk factor analysis identified age ≥60 years (OR=27.64, 95% CI:3.09-246.75, p=0.003), BMI≥30 kg/m2 (OR=30.21, 95% CI:3.35-271.83, p=0.002), and low postoperative albumin levels (OR=168.41, 95% CI:7.76-3651.18, p=0.001) as independent predictors of postoperative wound complications after major liver resection.
Conclusion: Patients undergoing ALPPS and RLR are faced with a high risk of developing wound complications. Older age, obesity, a history of previous abdominal surgery, and a decreased postoperative albumin level were independent risk factors for wound complications.
Emotional and Cognitive Experiences of Undergraduate Dental Students during Initial Orthodontic Prescriptions: A Mixed-Methods Study
Authors: Lakshmikantha Hemanth Tumkur 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

The emotional and cognitive experiences of undergraduate dental students have been studied as they prescribe their first orthodontic appliance. Data were gathered from nine participants via a mixed-method approach. The data analysis revealed some cognitive biases, such as anchoring and confirmation biases, and that participants had high confidence levels and moderate stress and anxiety levels. The important themes associated with academic and interpersonal elements, such as cognitive overload, emotional resilience, support and mentorship, decision-making strategies, and effective communication, have been observed in qualitative studies. The study revealed that the role of mentors can help them in decision-making, as they receive guidance and support. The significance of cognitive and emotional training in the dental curriculum was identified in this study, as it improved the students’ ability to practice in the clinic. These findings are particularly relevant to dental education in Fuji and the border Pacific regions. This implies the necessity of a personalized support system that can help address the challenges faced by students. A detailed understanding of these experiences can help educational institutions cultivate professionals with knowledge, compassion, skills, patient care, and so on. This study contributes to the literature on dental education in the Pacific region and provides recommendations for the development of curriculum and student support.
A novel pathogenic DICER1 variant is associated with heriditary multinodular goiter in an Argentine family as evidenced by clinical, biochemical and molecular genetic analysis
Authors: Targovnik Héctor M. , Barh Debmalya , Papendieck Patricia , Adrover Ezequiela , Gallo Ariel M. , Chiesa Ana , Silva Wanderson Marques , Azevedo Vasco , Rivolta Carina M. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

DICER1 syndrome is an autosomal-dominant disorder that results in malignant or benign tumors. A number of distinct pathogenic germline and somatic variants have been identified as causing multinodular goiter (MNG). The purpose of the present study was to identify and characterize the genetic cause underlying the familial form of MNG through a whole-exome sequencing (WES) analysis in an Argentine family with three affected siblings. Clinical, biochemical and molecular genetics as well as bioinformatics analysis were performed. A novel heterozygous variant in the DICER1 gene was identified in the proband patient by WES. The variant was a single guanine deletion at nucleotide position 2,042 (NM_177438.3:c.2042del) resulting in a frameshift at amino acid 681 with a putative premature stop codon [NP_803187.1:p.Gly681ValfsTer4]. Family segregation analysis showed that his affected sister and his affected brother also were heterozygous for same variant, whereas the father was a healthy heterozygous carrier of the variant and the healthy mother harbor only wild-type alleles in the DICER1 gene. We have also observed that the frameshift variant does not interfere with the pre-mRNA splicing of the exon 13. In addition, two clinically relevant heterozygous variants, not associated with thyroid disease, were also identified in index sibling using the Franklin platform, a frameshift [NP_000234.1:p.Thr55AsnfsTer49] in the MEFV gene (familial mediterranean fever) and a missense [NP_004530.1:p.Ala422Thr] in the NARS1 gene (neurodevelopmental delay and ataxia). In conclusion, in the present study we have identified a novel frameshift variant corresponding to NP_803187.1:p.Gly681ValfsTer4 in the DUF 283 domain of DICER1. The results were in accordance with previous observations confirming the genetic heterogeneity of DICER1 syndrome. Moreover, the identification of this variant in the unaffected father substantiates the hypothesis of incomplete/reduced penetrance.
Claudin-1 as a potential marker of stress-induced premature senescence in vascular smooth muscle cells
Authors: Gadecka Agnieszka , Buko Tomasz , Janiszewska Dorota , Koblowska Marta , Iwanicka-Nowicka Roksana , Kossowska Helena , Bojakowski Krzysztof , Mosieniak Grażyna , Bielak-Zmijewska Anna 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Cellular senescence, a permanent state of cell cycle arrest, can result either from external stress and is then called stress-induced premature senescence (SIPS), or from the exhaustion of cell division potential giving rise to replicative senescence (RS). Despite numerous biomarkers distinguishing SIPS from RS remains challenging. We propose claudin-1 (CLDN1) as a potential cell-specific marker of SIPS in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). In our study, VSMCs subjected to RS or SIPS exhibited significantly higher levels of CLDN1 expression exclusively in SIPS. Moreover, nuclear accumulation of this protein was also characteristic only of prematurely senescent cells. ChIP-seq results suggest that higher CLDN1 expression in SIPS might be a result of a more open chromatin state, as evidenced by a broader H3K4me3 peak in the gene promoter region. However, the broad H3K4me3 peak and relatively high CLDN1 expression in RS did not translate into protein level, which implies a different regulatory mechanism in this type of senescence. Elevated CLDN1 levels were also observed in VSMCs isolated from atherosclerotic plaques, although this was highly donor dependent. These findings indicate that increased CLDN1 level in prematurely senescent cells may serve as a promising cell-specific marker of SIPS in VSMCs, both in vitro and ex vivo.
Pregnancy-associated acute kidney injury as a hidden driver of Chronic kidney disease in developing countries
Authors: Meena Priti , Das Paromita , Auradkar Anagha , Moideen Adel , Bhargava Vinant , Kasturi Umang , Singla Vidhi , PANDA SANDIP , Mohan Krithika 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
Pregnancy-related AKI (PR-AKI), has profound maternal and fetal implications, including high mortality and long-term risks such as the development of chronic kidney disease (CKD). This systematic review aims to evaluate the burden of CKD owing to PR-AKI cases during follow-up in developing countries, particularly India.
Methods:
A systematic search of PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases was performed for Indian studies published between 2000 and June 2024. We included cross-sectional, retrospective, and prospective cohort studies that reported the incidence of PR-AKI, subsequent CKD, and dialysis dependency in Indian cohorts during follow-up. Details of etiology of PRAKI, and adverse fetal and maternal outcomes were also recorded. Only studies that provided follow-up kidney outcomes were considered.
Results:
A total of 25 studies comprising 2,306 participants were included in the analysis. The incidence of PR-AKI ranged from 1–12%. Sepsis was the most common cause of PR-AKI, accounting for up to 78% of cases, followed by hypertensive disorders, obstetric haemorrhage, and tropical etiologies. Hemodialysis was required in 20–85% of patients. CKD development during follow-up was observed in 12.8–35% of cases, with up to 30% remaining dialysis-dependent. Maternal mortality ranged from 2.5–34%, while perinatal mortality reached as high as 67.3%. Pre-term delivery rates varied between 13.9% and 58%.
Conclusions:
Up to one-third of PR-AKI patients may develop CKD and remain dialysis-dependent during follow-up. PR-AKI significantly impacts both maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. Early prevention and prompt management by healthcare professionals are critical to improving outcomes in PR-AKI.
RhoB regulates prostate cancer cell proliferation and docetaxel sensitivity via PI3K-AKT signaling pathway
Authors: Sheng Tiantian , Su Hang , Yao Lu , Qu Zhen , Liu Hui , Shao Wenjuan , Zhang Xiangyu 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Docetaxel is the first line treatment method for castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). RhoB plays important role in prostate cancer metastasis and PI3K-AKT signaling pathway. RhoB involves in regulation of cytoskeleton reassembly, cell migration, focal adhesion (FA) dynamics. CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technique was utilized to knock out the RhoB gene in prostate cancer cells, and was confirmed by using T7 endonuclease I (T7EI) and Sanger sequencing. Epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) process was enhanced by RhoB knockout (KO), IC50 value of docetaxel towards PC-3 cells with RhoB KO decreased. Migration and invasion of prostate cancer cells were enhanced when the RhoB gene was knocked out, and these were inhibited when the gene was overexpressed. But, cell cycle of prostate cancer cells was not affected by the RhoB gene status. RNA seq was conducted on PC-3 cells which were overexpressed or knock out RhoB gene. The RNA seq results indicated that RhoB may regulate focal adhesion, ECM receptor interaction, and PI3K-AKT signaling pathway and further influence the EMT process, migration, and invasion of prostate cancer cells. We also found that RhoB overexpression activate PI3K-AKT signaling when PC-3 cells were treated with low concentration of DTXL (50 nM, 72 h), suggesting RhoB overexpression decreased DTXL cytotoxicity towards prostate cancer cells via PI3K-AKT signaling activation.
Navigating Healthcare and Public Benefits in NC: Perspectives of Undocumented Latina Women with U.S.-Born Children
Authors: Raffa Brittany J , Higgins Isabella CA , Montiel Catalina , Stafford Allison McCord , Cholera Rushina 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background and Objectives:
Mixed documentation status Latino families face unique barriers to accessing healthcare and public benefits. We examined the experiences of undocumented Latina mothers in North Carolina and the role of anti-immigrant policies and rhetoric in their decisions to access care and public benefits for themselves and their U.S. born infants.
Methods
We conducted a qualitative descriptive study to describe Latina mothers’ experiences seeking care for themselves and their infants during the perinatal period. We used emergency Medicaid at delivery as a proxy to identify undocumented mothers with U.S. born infants. Twenty semi-structured audio interviews were conducted in Spanish via Zoom. We used rapid qualitative content analysis for timely, action-oriented analysis. Rapid qualitative analysis uses visual displays, such as matrices, to connect and analyze findings.
Results
Five themes emerged: Confusion around public benefit eligibility and complicated enrollment processes; Fears around Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP); Cost as the most influential barrier to healthcare; Positive experiences with language support and respectfulness of providers; “Making it work” with the help of social support systems.
Conclusions
Postpartum undocumented mothers of US-born children experience several barriers to NC Medicaid and public benefit enrollment, including complicated application processes, costs, and immigration-related fear. Further research and policy advocacy is needed to assess how to improve enrollment rates and provide education on eligibility for families during the postpartum period.
Assessment of Practices and Factors Associated With Solid Waste Management Among Institutions in Arada Sub Cityaddis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2023
Authors: Getachew Mussie , Fasil Nebiyou , Yekoye Abere 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Problem Statement: Addis Ababa is getting polluted due to an increase of wastes management practice problem; dwellers of Addis Ababa continue to dispose wastes along the roads, in ditches, rivers, open spaces, avenues, etc. of the city. This situation is exacerbated in slums like Arada sub-city where households and institutions cannot make use of garbage collection facilities. This study indicates what the communities solid waste disposal system will look like especially in the institutions and also what are the things that need to be improved with the removal system they are currently using in terms of suggesting how good it should be.
Objectives: To assess Practices and factors associated with solid waste management among institutions in Arada sub city Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2023
Methods:The study was conducted in 350 institutions of arada sub city of Addis Ababa. Cross-sectional study design was used to conduct the study. the data was collected using a pre-tested and interviwed questionnaireusing a google form. Stratified random sampling employed to address the objective of this study. The data was coded, cleaned and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Studies (SPSS)V.25.
Results: The majority of the institutions, 251 (71.7%) solid waste management practices are improper.the multivariable analysis showed that there was statistically significant (p < 0.05) association improper waste management practice and factors such as, attitude p-value 0.01, (AOR = 2.7,95% CI = 1.49-5.2)), awareness P-value (0.04) AOR = 2.4, 95%CI= 1.2-4.6)), type waste such as, textile related waste p-value (0.03) AOR = 4.06,95%CI = 1.5-10.8)) and type of institutions as well.
Conclusion & Recommendation: Practices of solid waste management among institution were poor. awareness, attitude, type of institution and type of waste were associated with improper waste management practice. attitude and awareness should be enhanced at institutions to level on proper waste management practice.
Traffic Classification in SDN-Based IoT Network using Two-Level Fused Network with Self-Adaptive Manta Ray Foraging
Authors: A. Mohammed 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

The rapid expansion of IoT networks, combined with the flexibility of Software-Defined Networking (SDN), has significantly increased the complexity of traffic management, requiring accurate classification to ensure optimal quality of service (QoS). Existing traffic classification techniques often rely on manual feature selection, limiting adaptability and efficiency in dynamic environments. This paper presents a novel traffic classification framework for SDN-based IoT networks, introducing a Two-Level Fused Network integrated with a self-adaptive Manta Ray Foraging Optimization (SMRFO) algorithm. The framework automatically selects optimal features and fuses multi-level network insights to enhance classification accuracy. Network traffic is classified into four key categories—delay-sensitive, loss-sensitive, bandwidth-sensitive, and best-effort—tailoring QoS to meet the specific requirements of each class. The proposed model is evaluated using publicly available datasets (CIC-Darknet and ISCX-ToR), achieving superior performance with over 99% accuracy. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the Two-Level Fused Network and SMRFO in outperforming state-of-the-art classification methods, providing a scalable solution for SDN-based IoT traffic management.
Research on movie rating based on BERT-base model
Authors: Ning Weijun , Wang Fuwei , Wang Weimin , Wu Haodong , Zhao Qihao , Zhang Tianxin 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

The advent of the Internet has led to the ascendance of film reviews as a crucial point of reference for users when making decisions about which films to watch. Furthermore, film reviews play a pivotal role in content recommendation systems for producers and platforms. It is therefore evident that the accurate classification of film reviews holds significant practical value. The traditional manual classification methods are characterised by a high level of time consumption, a considerable labour input, and a susceptibility to subjective biases. Conversely, the application of automated classification through the use of deep learning models has emerged as an efficacious solution to this issue. Among these models, the BERT model, distinguished by its bidirectional encoder architecture, demonstrates particular proficiency in contextual comprehension and semantic extraction. However, it is constrained in its ability to capture long-range dependencies and local features when processing extended texts. In order to address these challenges, this study puts forward a series of proposed improvements to the BERT model. In particular, absolute positional encoding is substituted with dynamic positional bias encoding within the attention mechanism, thereby enhancing the model's capacity to process diverse positional information. Additionally, a dynamic weighted fusion pooling strategy is introduced, which integrates average pooling, max pooling, and self-attention pooling in order to enrich the feature extraction process. Moreover, the model's capacity for generalisation is enhanced through the implementation of Easy Data Augmentation (EDA) techniques and the introduction of noise into the training data. The experimental results demonstrate that the improved BERT model achieves a 0.65% improvement in the F1 score and a 0.83% increase in accuracy, thereby validating the efficacy of the proposed modifications.