bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DIAGNÓSTICO DE CARCINOMA MAMÁRIO EM CÃO MACHO: RELATO DE CASO
Authors: REZENDE Karine Keller , GAMA Ana Paula De Aragão 
Published: December 2018

<p>O Brasil é o segundo maior país no mundo quando o assunto é população canina, possuindo cerca de 52 milhões de cães. Dentre as patologias diagnosticadas entre cães, os tumores ocupam um lugar de destaque. Um dos tipos de neoplasias mais frequentes, principalmente em cadelas, são os tumores mamários, que nelas são responsáveis por cerca de 52% do total das neoplasias, sendo 50% destes malignos. Os tumores mamários em cães machos apresentam baixa incidência, mas alta malignidade. Este trabalho tem como objetivo relatar o caso de um cão macho sem raça definida de 14 anos, que foi atendido em uma clínica veterinária localizada na cidade de Queimados, RJ. O mesmo apresentava aumento de volume na região abdominal próximo ao prepúcio, onde foi realizada cirurgia para retirada do tumor e diagnóstico através do exame histopatológico. O diagnóstico foi de um tumor misto maligno de mama (carcinoma complexo), o animal foi encaminhado para tratamento oncológico.</p><p> </p>
Visual outcome and factors influencing surgical outcome of horizontal strabismus surgery in a teaching hospital in Malaysia: a 5-year experience
Authors: Waheeda-Azwa Hussein , Norihan Ibrahim , Tai Evelyn Li Min , Kueh Yee Cheng , Shatriah Ismail 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Background: The available data on strabismus surgery in South East Asian countries is scarce. This study aimed to identify visual outcome and factors influencing surgical outcome of horizontal strabismus surgery in a South East Asian cohort.
Methods: A retrospective review of patients who underwent horizontal strabismus surgery between 2013 and 2017 in Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia was conducted. Surgery was considered successful if the post-operative deviation was within 10 prism dioptres at six months post-operative period. Factors influencing outcome of surgery at six months were identified. Chi-square and Fisher exact test were used in data analysis.
Results: 98 patients were included. Both genders were equally affected. Exotropia (58.2%) was the most common type. 65.3% of patients had alternating strabismus, while 51.0% had angle of deviation more than 45 prism diopters. Amblyopia was documented in 14.3% of patients. Those operated upon below 10 years of age comprised 64.3%. Ninety four patients completed follow-ups at six months after the surgery. The success rate was 81.6%. Approximately 92% of the patients had best corrected visual acuities of 6/12 and better at six months post-operative period. There was no significant association between age of onset, gender, presence of amblyopia, type of deviation, amount of deviation and post-operative best corrected visual acuity with surgical outcome at six months post-operative period (p>0.05).
Conclusions: The success rate was good. Post-operative best corrected visual acuity was promising. Age of onset, gender, presence of amblyopia, type of deviation, amount of deviation and post-operative best corrected visual acuity did not influence the outcome of horizontal strabismus surgery in our review.
Keywords: Visual outcome, horizontal strabismus surgery, factors influencing surgical outcome
RTS,S malaria vaccine pilot studies: addressing the human realities in large-scale clinical trials
Authors: Berg Machteld van den , Ogutu Bernhards , Sewankambo Nelson , Biller-Andorno Nikola , Tanner Marcel 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
A malaria vaccine as part of the integrated malaria control and elimination efforts will have a major impact on public health in sub-Sahara Africa. The first malaria vaccine, RTS,S, now enters pilot implementation in three African countries. These pilot implementation studies are being initiated in Kenya, Malawi and Ghana to inform the broader roll-out recommendation. Based on the malaria vaccine clinical trial experiences, key ethical practices for effective clinical trial research in low-resource settings are described. For successful vaccine integration into malaria intervention programs, the relational dynamics between researchers and trial communities must be made explicit. Incorporating community values and returning to research practices that serve the intended benefactors are key strategies that address the human realities in large-scale clinical trials and pilot implementation, leading to positive public health outcomes.
Analysis of households' vulnerability to waterborne diseases in Yenagoa, Nigeria
Authors: Ohwo Odafivwotu 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Waterborne diseases have serious implications for public health and socio-economic development; hence, this study analyzes households' vulnerability to waterborne diseases in Yenagoa. The study adopted the survey research design, which involves the administration of a structured questionnaire to 400 sampled households using the stratified and systematic sampling techniques, and direct field observation of households' drinking water, sanitation and hygiene facilities. Households' vulnerability to waterborne diseases was determined by households' response to five vulnerability drivers (drinking water source, sanitation facility, hygiene, education, and income). The obtained data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Spearman's rank correlation and a waterborne disease vulnerability (WDV) model. The findings revealed that households in Yenagoa were moderately vulnerable to waterborne diseases as the calculated WDV was 55.65%. The Spearman's correlation coefficients for education with sanitation, drinking water sources and hygiene were 0.75, 1, and 0.6, respectively. This shows that the educational status of households is a major determinant of the choice of water source, sanitation, and hygiene practices. It is therefore recommended that much effort should be made by respective households and the government to improve on the quality of the vulnerability drivers, which have the capacity to reduce households' vulnerability to waterborne diseases in Yenagoa.
The Development of Tyrosyl-DNA Phosphodyesterase 1 (TDP1) Inhibitors Based on the Amines Combining Aromatic/Heteroaromatic and Monoterpenoid Moieties
Authors: Mozhaitsev Evgenii , Suslov Evgenii , Demidova Yuliya , Korchagina Dina , Volcho Konstantin , Zakharenko Alexandra , Vasil'eva Inna , Kupryushkin Maksim , Chepanova Arina , Ayine-Tora Daniel Moscoh , Reynisson Jóhannes , Salakhutdinov Nariman , Lavrik Olga 
Published: December 2018

Background:
Inhibition of the DNA repair enzyme, tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase 1
(TDP1), may increase the efficacy of cancer drugs that cause damage to tumor cell DNA. Among
the known TDP1 inhibitors, there are compounds containing moieties of natural substances, e.g.,
monoterpenoids. In this work, we synthesized several compounds containing aromatic/
heteroaromatic amines and monoterpenoid groups and assessed their TDP1 inhibition potential.

Methods:
Structures of all the synthesized compounds were confirmed by 1H and 13C NMR as well
as HRMS. The TDP1 inhibitory activity of the amines was determined by real-time fluorescence
oligonucleotide biosensor.

Results:
The synthesized secondary amines had TDP1 inhibitory activity IC50 in the range of
0.79-9.2 µM. The highest activity was found for (–)-myrtenal derivatives containing p-bromoaniline
or m-(trifluoromethyl)aniline residue.

Conclusion:
We synthesized 22 secondary amines; of these, 17 amines are novel chemical structures.
Many of the amines inhibit TDP1 activity in the low micromolar range. Therefore, these
compounds are promising for further study of their antiproliferative activity in conjunction with
DNA damaging drugs.
Benzo[d]imidazol-5-yl)-5-(substituted)-1,3,4-Oxadiazoles: Synthesis, Anticancer, Antimicrobial and In Silico Studies
Authors: Kumar Naveen , Sreenivasa Swamy , Kalal Bhuvanesh Sukhlal , Kumar Vasantha , Holla Bantwal Shivarama , Pai Vinitha Ramanath , Mohan Nadigar Revansiddappa , Govindaiah Shivaraj 
Published: December 2018

Background:Cancer is a fatal disease for mankind; continuous research is still going on for the invention of potent anticancer drugs. In this view, 1, 3, 4-Oxadiazoles are privileged molecules which attracted medicinal chemists towards their anticancer properties.Methods:A new series of benzo[d]imidazol-5-yl)-5-(substituted)-1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives was synthesized in an efficient ‘one-pot’ nitro reductive cyclization using sodium dithionite as a cyclizing agent by a conventional method with good yield. All the structures of the synthesized molecules were characterized by IR, 1H NMR, HRMS and Mass spectral analysis. Anticancer activity screening against A375 melanoma cancer cell line and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell line along with antimicrobial activity were carried out using agar well diffusion method.Results:Compounds 8a and 8j of the series emerged as potent anticancer agents against A375 melanoma cancer cell line with IC50 47.06 µM and 36.76 µM, respectively. In silico studies also revealed that compounds 8a and 8j showed highest interaction with 2OH4 protein of VEGFR-2 tyrosine kinase. Substantial antibacterial and antifungal activities against the tested microorganism were observed for compounds 8j and 8g.Conclusion:Potent anticancer property has been observed with 1,3,4-Oxadiazole linked tetrafluro substituted benzene ring 8j indicating that future research on these type of molecules can be continued to improve the anticancer activity.
Changes of Phytochemical Contents in Sweet and Waxy Corn (Zea mays L.) as Affected by Cultivars and Growth Stages
Authors: Moongngarm Anuchita , Homduang Amaraphon , Hochin Wariya 
Published: December 2018

Background:
Sweet and waxy corn (Zea mays L.) are high in phytochemicals which vary
depending on several factors including corn cultivars and the maturation stage.

Methods:
Five commercial sweet and waxy corn cultivars were grown and their major phytochemical
compositions were investigated at the milk, late milk, and soft dough stages. Phytochemicals in
corn samples harvested from each kernel maturation stage were determined as total phenolic compounds,
anthocyanins, tocopherols, and carotenoids.

Results:
Significant interactions between the corn cultivars and maturation stage were detected for
all phytochemical compositions, with changes in their concentration during seed development. Total
phenolic compounds and total anthocyanins were highest in the dark purple waxy variety (316.74 mg
GAE/100 g of DW and 522.21 mg CGE/100 g of DW, respectively) in which cyanidin was the major
anthocyanin. Carotenoid compositions were also affected by corn type and harvesting stage. The yellow
sweet cultivars indicated higher levels of carotenoids than other colors, with lutein as the major
carotenoid at concentrations from 0.05 to 8.46 µg/g of DW. Contents of γ-tocotrienol, γ-tocopherol,
and α-tocopherol were observed in all five corn cultivars with similar influences of the maturation
stage.

Conclusion:
Results suggested that the phytochemical contents of all five corn types showed diverse
reliance regarding cultivars and maturity stages. The purple waxy and yellow sweet corn cultivars
contained a high level of phytochemicals. This would open up a useful opportunity for the functional
food industry as consumption of these corn cultivars would afford health benefits to consumers.
Frequency and Causes of Consuming Sports Supplements and Understanding their Side Effects Among Bodybuilders in Fitness Gyms of Kermanshah City
Authors: Baharirad Nadya , Komasi Saeid , Khatooni Alireza , Moradi Farideh , Soroush Ali 
Published: December 2018

Background:
Nowadays, paying attention to sports nutrition, particularly focus on using
supplements among athletes is increasing rapidly.

Objective:
This study has been carried out in order to investigate the frequency and causes of consuming
supplements and understanding the side effects related to their consumption among bodybuilders
in Kermanshah City.

Methods:
The samples of this cross-sectional study include teenagers and young adults who are the
members of fitness gyms around Kermanshah City. 244 individuals were selected as samples using
simple random sampling. In order to gather the required data, a four-sectioned questionnaire designed
by the research team was used. The data analysis was done using chi-square, independent ttest,
and Pearson's and Spearman's correlation coefficients by SPSS-20.

Results:
The majority of bodybuilders participating in the study (95.3%) have used supplements. The
sources suggesting the consumption of supplements included other athletes, the coach, the media, nutrition
specialists, and medical doctors, respectively. Generally, 37 types of sports supplements are
used by the bodybuilders. Based on their rank, the supplements include vitamin C, Creatine, vitamin
E, multivitamin, and iron. The most frequent reasons for consuming sports supplements included
muscle building, increasing energy, and improving athletic performance. There is a significant difference
between male and female athletes with regards to knowing the psychological and sexual side
effects of consuming sports supplements (P<0.05). In general, the level of understanding and knowing
the side effects of consuming sports supplements among athletes is not desirable.

Conclusion:
Since a significant percentage of athletes, particularly male athletes, have a history of
consuming sports supplements, it is necessary that the people related to this issue including athletes,
coaches, doctors, and nutrition specialists, get sufficient information about the ingredients, side effects,
benefits, and applications of various nutritional supplements. Dysfunctional beliefs about the
supplements consumption or non-consumption should be discussed.
Stroke Lesion Segmentation and Analysis using Entropy/Otsu’s Function – A Study with Social Group Optimization
Authors: Satapathy Suresh Chandra , Fernandes Steven Lawrence , Lin Hong 
Published: December 2018

Background:
Stroke is one of the major causes for the momentary/permanent disability
in the human community. Usually, stroke will originate in the brain section because of the neurological
deficit and this kind of brain abnormality can be predicted by scrutinizing the periphery of
brain region. Magnetic Resonance Image (MRI) is the extensively considered imaging procedure
to record the interior sections of the brain to support visual inspection process.

Objective:
In the proposed work, a semi-automated examination procedure is proposed to inspect
the province and the severity of the stroke lesion using the MRI.
associations while known disease-lncRNA associations are required only.

Method:
Recently discovered heuristic approach called the Social Group Optimization (SGO) algorithm
is considered to pre-process the test image based on a chosen image multi-thresholding
procedure. Later, a chosen segmentation procedure is considered in the post-processing section to
mine the stroke lesion from the pre-processed image.

Results:
In this paper, the pre-processing work is executed with the well known thresholding approaches,
such as Shannon’s entropy, Kapur’s entropy and Otsu’s function. Similarly, the postprocessing
task is executed using most successful procedures, such as level set, active contour and
watershed algorithm.

Conclusion:
The proposed procedure is experimentally inspected using the benchmark brain
stroke database known as Ischemic Stroke Lesion Segmentation (ISLES 2015) challenge database.
The results of this experimental work authenticates that, Shannon’s approach along with the LS
segmentation offers superior average values compared with the other approaches considered in
this research work.</P>
Probiotics Efficacy on Oxidative Stress Values in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Randomized Double-Blinded Placebo-Controlled Pilot Study
Authors: Ballini Andrea , Santacroce Luigi , Cantore Stefania , Bottalico Lucrezia , Dipalma Gianna , Topi Skender , Saini Rajiv , De Vito Danila , Inchingolo Francesco 
Published: December 2018

Background:
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), which include Crohn’s disease (CD) and
ulcerative colitis (UC), are described as a chronic inflammation of the small intestine and colon, caused
by a dysregulated immune response to host intestinal microbiota in genetically susceptible subjects.

Objective:
The aim of this study was to compare probiotic therapy versus placebo in Oxidative Stress
Values and clinical features in patients affected by IBD.

Method:
Forty (40) patients previously diagnosed for IBD were recruited and randomized to receive
probiotics (test group, n=20) or placebo (control group, n=20) administered for 90 days. Subjects in
both the groups were assessed for overall oxidant ability (d-ROMs test) and for the antioxidant response
(BAP test): data were reported at baseline, after 1 and 3 months. Additional data from anamnesis
and haematological investigation were also reported during the study.

Results:
d-ROM assay clearly showed that the values observed in the test group were significantly
improved, leading to oxidative stress values which are not pathological. The test group showed increasing
BAP values, thus confirming the overall improvements of patients ‘health following administration
of probiotics.

Conclusion:
Oral administration of the specific probiotics demonstrated its efficacy and safety on patients
affected by IBD.
Strategies for Autism Diagnosis and Care in Resource Deprived Settings in Africa: An Overview
Authors: Oshodi Yewande Olufunmilayo , Campbell Elizabeth Adebola , Lesi Foluso Ebun Afolabi 
Published: December 2018

Background and Goals:
Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASDs) exist in Africa as
they do everywhere in the world. Historically they have been under recognized and under
studied. The aim of this paper is to review the existing challenges of ASD care and diagnosis
in Africa, with a view to describing workable unique strategies deployable within the
continent.

Methods:
We present an overview of the existing medical literature and summarize key
findings in relation to the topic of ASD in Africa. First, as a preliminary step, we highlight
key findings from previous epidemiological surveys. Second, we undertook a review of
relevant available evidence from the various African regions. When the authors were familiar
with additional local or regional scientific works, these were also used and referenced.

Discussion:
There has been a growing awareness of the extent to which ASDs exist and have
an impact on affected individuals and their families. There are many barriers to diagnosis and
effective interventions. These include lack of trained personnel, stigma and cultural beliefs
regarding etiology, disparities in resources between urban and rural areas, and poverty.
Nonetheless, partnerships to support research and the development of culturally appropriate
interventions can be developed and strengths exist in the communities that can be harnessed
to improve care.
Characteristics of Extremaduran Agri-food Companies According to Innovation Strategies
Authors: Martínez-Azúa Beatriz Corchuelo , Martín-Vegas Felipe 
Published: December 2018

Background:
Agri-food industry is of great importance in the manufacturing
industry of Spain and, more specifically, in the Autonomous Community of
Extremadura. This industry is undergoing substantial changes that detect the need to
include innovation within its strategies to change and adapt its products to new
consumers' food demands and markets in order to be more competitive and to
differentiate from other producers. As in other industries, innovation provides agri-food
companies with the possibility of generating higher incomes and increasing their
productivity and competitiveness.

Methods:
Based on these considerations, the main objective of this study is to
analyze how agri-food companies in Extremadura value the importance of innovation
in their strategies, and to carry out their characterization based on innovation
strategies.

Results and Discussion:
Data have been taken from a survey conducted in 2013
from which a representative sample of agri-food companies was selected.
Exploratory factor analysis differentiates four types of strategies based on the
importance that companies give to innovation, from which firms are characterized
according to a series of variables such as size, innovative activity, innovation barriers,
benefits of innovation, and demand of public actions.

Conclusion:
The results obtained permit to differentiate typologies of agri-food
companies from the innovative policy point of view. This characterization is
important and useful for designing public policies.
KOMBİ MONTAJ HATTINDA REBA YÖNTEMİ İLE ERGONOMİK RİSK ANALİZİ
Authors: Gürleyen Elif , Kahya Emin 
Published: December 2018

Uygun olmayan çalışma duruşları kas iskelet sistemi rahatsızlıklarına
neden olduğu gibi, üretimde verimin düşmesine de yol açmaktadır. Dolayısıyla
ergonomi disiplininin öncelikli amacı, çalışma koşullarını iyileştirerek, iş
görenin çalışma ve yaşam kalitesini yükseltmek ve verimliliği arttırmaktır. Kas
iskelet sistemi rahatsızlıklarının önlenmesi amacıyla iş yerlerinde ergonomik
risk değerlendirme yöntemleri uygulanmakta ve yapılan düzenlemelerle iş yükü azaltılmaktadır.
Bu çalışmada, bir işletmenin kombi montaj hattında bulunan 62 işlemin ergonomik
risk düzeyleri REBA yöntemi ile tespit edilmiş, 15 istasyonun ortalama skorları
belirlenmiştir. Yapılan analizlerde en
yüksek riskli istasyonlar Fan Gruplama ve 3. Paketleme istasyonları çıkmıştır.
Bu istasyonlarda montaj esnasında çalışanın eğilmelerini ve yük kaldırmalarını
azaltacak iyileştirmeler önerilmiş ve bu değerlendirmeler sonucunda montaj
hattındaki tüm istasyonların ergonomik risk düzeyleri kabul edilebilir düzeye
çekilmiştir. Yapılan iyileştirmeler sonucunda kas-iskelet sisteminde
oluşabilecek rahatsızlıkların azalması beklenmektedir.
ERGONOMİK RİSK DEĞERLENDİRME YÖNTEMLERİ VE AHP YÖNTEMİ İLE ÇALIŞMA DURUŞLARININ ANALİZİ: AĞIR VE TEHLİKELİ İŞLER İÇİN BİR UYGULAMA
Authors: KILIÇ DELİCE Elif , AYIK İlknur , ABİDİNOĞLU Öykü Nur , ÇİFTÇİ Nisa Nur , SEZER Yasin 
Published: December 2018

Bu çalışmada amaç, ağır ve tehlikeli iş grubuna giren
bir tüp üretim fabrikasında ergonomik risk değerlendirme yöntemlerinden olan
REBA, OWAS, QEC ve MANTRA yöntemlerini kullanılarak riskli çalışma duruşlarını
içeren görevleri ortaya çıkarmaktır. Diğer çalışmalardan farklı olarak bu
çalışmada; üretim aşamalarının (görevlerinin) ve vücut bölümlerinin risk
değerlendirmeleri ayrı ayrı yapılmıştır. İlk olarak bütünleşik bir
değerlendirme yapılabilmesi için bu dört yöntem AHP yöntemi ile önceliklendirilmiştir. AHP sürecinde anlaşılabilirlik,
kullanılabilirlik, süre, girdi ve çıktı verileri olmak üzere beş kriter
kullanılmıştır. Daha sonra işçilerin zorlandıkları görevler, bu
görevlerde sıklıkla sergiledikleri çalışma duruşları belirlenmiş ve bu
duruşların risk kategorileri REBA, OWAS, QEC ve MANTRA yöntemleri ile
değerlendirilmiştir. Son olarak, AHP yönteminden elde edilen önceliklerde
kullanılarak bütünleşik bir sonuç elde edilmiştir. Bu sonuca göre, en riskli
görevler tüp alt kısmını oluşturma ve küçük tüp asma görevleri iken, bu
görevlerde en çok zorlanan vücut bölümleri ise bilek ve sırt bölümleridir. Öncelikli olarak bu görevler ve vücut
bölümleri için iş ve iş istasyonları ergonomik açıdan düzenlenerek çalışma duruşları
uygun hale getirilmelidir.