bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
TINGKAT PENCEMARAN PERAIRAN DANAU LIMBOTO GORONTALO
Authors: Noor Sri Yuningsih , Ngabito Meriyanti 
Published: March 2019

Danau Limboto kini berada pada kondisi yang sangat memperihatinkan karena mengalami proses penyusutan dan pendangkalan akibat sedimentasi dan tempat pembuangan sampah yang mengancam keberadaan ekosistem dimasa yang akan datang. Berdasarkan permasalahan tersebut, maka dilakukanlah penelitian dengan judul tingkat pencemaran Perairan Danau Limboto Gorontalo. Pengukuran beberapa parameter kualitas air dilakukan secara insitu pada 8 (delapan) stasiun yang dilakukan secara sampling dan analisis laboratorium beberapa parameter kualitas air dilakukan pada Balai Riset dan Standardisasi Industri Manado. Tingkat pencemaran pada perairan Danau Limboto dihitung menggunakan indeks pencemaran Kirchoff 1991 dan indeks pencemaran logam berat menurut KepmenLH No. 115 Tahun 2003. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat pencemaran stasiun 1, 2, 3, 4 dan 5 tergolong tercemar ringan dengan nilai indeks kimia kirchoff berkisar 59.13-70.64, sedangkan stasiun 6, 7 dan 8 tergolong tercemar sedang dengan nilai indeks kimia kirchoff berkisar 42.58-55.82. Tingkat pencemaran logamberat Pb dan Cd pada perairan Danau Limboto masih berada dalam kondisi normal dengan nilai indeks pencemaran logam 0≤PIj ≤1 yaitu memenuhi baku mutu (kondisi baik). Kata Kunci : Tingkat Pencemaran, Danau Limboto, Indeks Kirchoff
PENGEMBANGAN BUKU AJAR TEORI TENIS MEJA BAGI MAHASISWA KELAS A 2016 JURUSAN PJKR IKIP BUDI UTOMO MALANG
Authors: Irwansyah Irwansyah 
Published: March 2019

Pembelajaran yang baik adalah pembelajaran yang mampu menciptakan situasi belajar aktif sepanjang masa. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengembangkan buku ajar tenis bagi mahasiswa jurusan pendidikan jasmani kesehatan dan rekreasi. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitin pengembangan, yang dilakukan di IKIP Budi Utomo Malang. hasil dari penelitian pengembangan buku ajar tenis meja bagi mahasiswa jurusan pendidikan jasmani kesehatan dan rekreasi (PJKR) IKIP Budi Utomo Malang, ini sudah sempurna dengan “kategori baik”, sehingga buku ajar tenis meja tersebut telah dapat digunakan sebagai media untuk meningkatkan kualitas pembelajaran sehingga mahasiswa memiliki bekal keilmuan yang berkompeten, selain itu keberadaan buku ajar dapat dijadikan bahan kajian dan sumber belajar tenaga pendidik.
PENERAPAN KANTONG PLASTIK BERBAYAR SEBAGAI UPAYA MEREDUKSI PENGGUNAAN KANTONG PLASTIK
Authors: Astuti Arieyanti Dwi 
Published: March 2019

ENGLISHThe use of plastic bag tends to increase and it causes the increase of plastic waste. Plastic waste is a hazardous material because it is difficult to be decomposed biologically. Waste management in Indonesia is regulated by Law Number 18/2008 and Government Regulation Number 81/ 2012. Besides the use of biodegradable plastics, reducing the number of plastic bag can be done by implementing a no free plastic bag policy. The policy was issued by the Directorate General Waste Management, Waste and Hazardous and Toxic under the Ministry of Environment and Forestry (KLHK). The content of this policy is to urge people to bring their own bag when shopping, otherwise they have to buy plastic bags. The policy has been implemented in several countries and succeeded in reducing the number of plastic bags significantly. In Indonesia, the pilot implementation of the policy was conducted from February 21, 2016 to June 5, 2016 in 22 cities. Funds raised from the sale of plastic bag are public funds that will be used for waste management activities. By implementating this policy is expected to reduce the use of plastic bag in Indonesia, as in other countries that already have implemented it. INDONESIAPenggunaan kantong plastik yang cenderung mengalami peningkatan, akan meningkatkan jumlah sampah plastik. Sampah plastik merupakan sampah berbahaya karena sifatnya yang sulit terurai secara biologis. Pengelolaan sampah di Indonesia sudah diatur dalam UU No 18 Tahun 2008 dan PP No 81 Tahun 2012. Selain dengan penggunaan plastik biodegradable, penurunan jumlah penggunaan kantong plastik dapat dilakukan dengan menerapkan kebijakan kantong plastik berbayar. Kebijakan ini dikeluarkan oleh Kementerian Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan (KLHK) melalui surat edaran Direktorat Jenderal Pengelolaan Sampah, Limbah dan Bahan Berbahaya dan Beracun. Isi dari kebijakan ini menghimbau masyarakat untuk membawa alternatif kantong plastik saat berbelanja atau jika masyarakat tidak membawa kantong plastik belanjaan, pelaku ritel akan mengenakan harga pada kantong plastik yang diminta masyarakat saat belanja. Kebijakan ini sudah banyak diterapkan di beberapa negara dan berhasil menurunkan jumlah penggunaan kantong plastik secara signifikan. Di Indonesia, uji coba penerapan kebijakan ini dilakukan mulai 21 Februari 2016 hingga 5 Juni 2016 di 22 kota. Dana yang terkumpul dari hasil penjualan kantong plastik merupakan dana publik yang nantinya digunakan untuk kegiatan pengelolaan sampah. Dengan penerapan kebijakan ini diharapkan dapat mengurangi penggunaan kantong plastik di Indonesia, seperti pada negara-negara lain yang sudah menerapkan kebijakan ini sebelumnya.
KINERJA PENYULUH PERTANIAN DALAM MEMBERDAYAKAN PETANI
Authors: Sutrisno Sutrisno 
Published: March 2019

ENGLISHPerformance of agricultural extension agent refers to the concepts of empowerment that can improve capacity and the indipendence of farmers. This paper aims to describe the performance of agricultural extension agent in empowering farmers. Performance of agricultural extension agent is perceived by the satisfaction level of farmers who receive services from the agents. Factors that give positive and significant influence to the performance of agricultural extension agent in empowering farmers are: (1) The education of farmers both formal and non-formal educations; (2) The characteristics of the social system (e.g. social values of culture, farmers access to extension services and facilitation of agribusiness by relevant government institutions); and (3) The competence of agricultural extension agent (e.g. competence of extension agent to communicate; competence of extension agent to educate farmers and competence of extension agent in social interaction). INDONESIAKinerja penyuluh mengacu kepada konsep-konsep pemberdayaan yang mampu meningkatkan kapasitas dan kemandirian petani. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan kinerja penyuluh dalam memberdayakan petani. Kinerja penyuluh pertanian dipersepsikan oleh tingkat kepuasan petani yang menerima jasa penyuluhan pertanian. Faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh positif dan nyata terhadap kinerja penyuluh pertanian dalam memberdayakan petani adalah: (1) Karakteristik petani (pendidikan, baik formal maupun non formal); (2) Karakteristik sistem sosial (nilai-nilai sosial budaya, akses petani terhadap lembaga penyuluhan dan fasilitas agribisnis oleh lembaga pemerintah terkait); dan (3) Kompetensi penyuluh pertanian (yaitu kompetensi penyuluh berkomunikasi; kompetensi penyuluh membelajarkan petani dan kompetensi penyuluh dalam interaksi sosial).
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PRODUKSI IKAN PADA NELAYAN KECIL (Studi di Desa Pecangaan Kabupaten Pati)
Authors: Damayanti Herna Octivia 
Published: March 2019

ENGLISHThe first fisheries management goal is to improve small fishermen’s quality of life. The small fishermen’s quality of life depends on the amount of income earned from the fishing activities. The purposes of this research are (1) to analyze the factors that influence the production of the fishermen in Pecangaan Village, (2) to calculate the return to scale of fishermen in Pecangaan Village. This research used descriptive quantitative method and was conducted on August 2016. The research location is in Pecangaan Village, Batangan Subdistrict. It mainly used primary data derived from the respondent (the fisherman in Pecangaan village). Secondary data were derived from the government of Pecangaan Village, Batangan Subdistrict. The number of processed data was 50 samples. The data analysis used Cobb-Douglas production function, in which dependent variable was production quantities and independent variable were: the amount of solar; the number of days at sea; the number of hours at sea; the sailing distance;fishermen’s consumption during the sailing, GT boats, number of crew and net’s width. The results of the research are (1) the significant factors are the number of days at sea; fishermen’s consumption during the sailing, GT boats and net’s width. Meanwhile, the insignificant factors are the amount of solar; the number of crew, the sailing distance and the number of hours at sea. (2) The value of return to scale in the production offisherman in Pecangaan Villageis -8.699, means it is in the condition of decreasing return to scale. INDONESIATujuan pengelolaan perikanan yang pertama yaitu untuk meningkatkan taraf hidup nelayan kecil. Taraf hidup nelayan kecil berhubungan dengan jumlah pendapatan yang diperoleh dari hasil tangkapan ikan yang didapat. Tujuan penelitian adalah (1) untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi produksi nelayan Desa Pecangaan, (2) untuk menghitung skala hasil (return to scale) nelayan Desa Pecangaan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kuantitatif dan dilaksanakan pada bulan Agustus 2016. Lokasi penelitian yaitu di Desa Pecangaan Kecamatan Batangan. Jenis data yang digunakan adalah data primer berasal dari responden (nelayan di Desa Pecangaan). Sedangkan data sekunder berasal dari Pemerintah Desa Pecangaan Kecamatan Batangan. Data yang diolah berjumlah 50 sampel. Analisis data dengan fungsi produksi Cobb-Douglas, dengan variabel terikat jumlah produksi dan variabel bebas adalah jumlah solar, jumlah hari melaut, lama trip, jarak melaut, konsumsi, GT kapal, jumlah ABK dan luas jaring. Hasil penelitian adalah (1) Faktor yang signifikan yaitu jumlah hari melaut, konsumsi, GT kapal dan luas jaring. Untuk faktor yang tidak signifikan adalah jumlah solar yang digunakan, jumlah ABK, jarak melaut dan lama melaut. (2) Nilai return to scale pada produksi nelayan Desa Pecangaan adalah -8,699 artinya dalam kondisi skala hasil yang menurun (decreasing return to scale).
PERKEMBANGAN MANGROVE DAN PRODUKSI IKAN LAUT DI PATI UTARA
Authors: Prayitno Hermain Teguh 
Published: March 2019

ENGLISHThe fishing activities along the coastal area in Northern Pati potentially cause mangrove destruction. The objectives of this study were: (1) to discuss the growth of mangrove area in Northern Pati and (2) to describe the impact of the mangrove forest on marine fish production. This study used quantitative-descriptive research design. The study locations were Dukuhseti and Tayu subdistrict. It was conducted from August to September 2017. It used raster data obtained from Google Earth and Google Maps, formed Landsat 8 satellite images. The other was data of mangrove forest area in Pati Regency. The data analysis was conducted using the satellite images in 2011, 2013, 2015, and 2017. Then, the mangrove growth data were weighted and classified using scores. Validation was done by comparing the mangrove data from Statistic Agency of Pati Regency and those of the satellite image measuring results. The study concluded: (1) The mangrove forest in Northern Pati was in a poor condition. (2) The growth of mangrove forest fluctuated, which the lowest growth happened in 2013, while the highest was found in 2017. (3) The growth of mangrove forest was followed by the increase of marine fish production. INDONESIAKabupaten Pati berada di bagian utara Pulau Jawa memiliki aktivitas masyarakat sebagai pertambak dan nelayan. Penambahan tambak ke arah laut menyebabkan kerusakan mangrove. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah : (1) untuk mengetahui pertumbuhan mangrove di pesisir Pati utara dan (2) untuk menggambarkan dampak hutan mangrove terhadap produktivitas ikan laut. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif. Lokasi penelitian yaitu Kecamatan Dukuhseti dan Kecamatan Tayu. Waktu Penelitian Agustus sampai dengan September 2017. Sumber data berasal dari data raster dari Google Earth dan Google Maps berupa image satelit Landsat 8. Data lain yaitu data luas hutan mangrove di Kabupaten Pati. Analisis data dengan pengukuran image satelit tahun 2011, 2013, 2015 dan 2017. Selanjutnya data perkembangan mangrove dilakukan pembobotan dan diklasifikasikan berdasarkan skor. Verifikasi hasil dilakukan dengan cara membandingkan data perkembangan mangrove dari BPS Kabupaten Pati dengan hasil pengukuran image satelit. Hasil penelitian yaitu (1) hutan mangrove di Pati utara dalam kondisi berkembang buruk. (2) Perkembangan hutan mangrove fluktuatif, dimana perkembangan terendah terjadi pada 2013, sedangkan perkembangan tertinggi pada 2017; 2) perkembangan mangrove di Pati utara mengalami penurunan pada tahun 2013 dan meningkat kembali pada tahun 2015 dan 2017. (3) Perkembangan mangrove diiringi dengan peningkatan produksi ikan segar di Pati Utara.
Connecting data and expertise: a new alliance for biodiversity knowledge
Authors: Hobern Donald , Baptiste Brigitte , Copas Kyle , Guralnick Robert , Hahn Andrea , van Huis Edwin , Kim Eun-Shik , McGeoch Melodie , Naicker Isayvani , Navarro Laetitia , Noesgaard Daniel , Price Michelle , Rodrigues Andrew , Schigel Dmitry , Sheffield Carolyn A. , Wieczorek John 
Published: March 2019

There has been major progress over the last two decades in digitising historical knowledge of biodiversity and in making biodiversity data freely and openly accessible. Interlocking efforts bring together international partnerships and networks, national, regional and institutional projects and investments and countless individual contributors, spanning diverse biological and environmental research domains, government agencies and non-governmental organisations, citizen science and commercial enterprise. However, current efforts remain inefficient and inadequate to address the global need for accurate data on the world's species and on changing patterns and trends in biodiversity. Significant challenges include imbalances in regional engagement in biodiversity informatics activity, uneven progress in data mobilisation and sharing, the lack of stable persistent identifiers for data records, redundant and incompatible processes for cleaning and interpreting data and the absence of functional mechanisms for knowledgeable experts to curate and improve data.
Recognising the need for greater alignment between efforts at all scales, the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) convened the second Global Biodiversity Informatics Conference (GBIC2) in July 2018 to propose a coordination mechanism for developing shared roadmaps for biodiversity informatics. GBIC2 attendees reached consensus on the need for a global alliance for biodiversity knowledge, learning from examples such as the Global Alliance for Genomics and Health (GA4GH) and the open software communities under the Apache Software Foundation. These initiatives provide models for multiple stakeholders with decentralised funding and independent governance to combine resources and develop sustainable solutions that address common needs.
This paper summarises the GBIC2 discussions and presents a set of 23 complementary ambitions to be addressed by the global community in the context of the proposed alliance. The authors call on all who are responsible for describing and monitoring natural systems, all who depend on biodiversity data for research, policy or sustainable environmental management and all who are involved in developing biodiversity informatics solutions to register interest at https://biodiversityinformatics.org/ and to participate in the next steps to establishing a collaborative alliance.
The supplementary materials include brochures in a number of languages (English, Arabic, Spanish, Basque, French, Japanese, Dutch, Portuguese, Russian, Traditional Chinese and Simplified Chinese). These summarise the need for an alliance for biodiversity knowledge and call for collaboration in its establishment.
Matergrafia e patrimônio: Santuários Marianos como espaço simbólico e vetorial da Latinidade
Authors: Oliveira Christian Dennys Monteiro de 
Published: March 2019

O artigo aborda a transformação histórica e metodológica dos estudos sobre santuários brasileiros, com base na invocação católica da Conceição Aparecida, em uma reflexão cultural sobre o espaço simbólico na América Latina. Considerando aspectos históricos, semióticos e institucionais muito expressivos para análise do patrimônio cultural no continente, o trabalho reconhece a emergência de uma rede de identificação do espaço religioso. Essa geografia de projeção cultural favorece a interpretação articulada de vetores simbólicos (nas festas, mídias e turismo), facilitando tanto a comparação de outras localidades (municípios-santuários), no Brasil e na América Latina, quanto a caracterização da estética teatral das devoções na construção do patrimônio continental. Sintetizando a verificações qualitativas feitas durante três anos de investigação sobre as estratégias de irradiação da devoção mariana, o estudo alcançou uma avaliação da força estética do patrimônio religioso como um desafio de valorização patrimonial da latinidade. E concluiu que o grande risco ao patrimônio cultural religioso está no crescimento das ideologias fundamentalistas, que buscam descredenciar a legitimidade da tradição Mariana e o sincretismo religioso e cultural na identidade continental.
Palavras-chave: Símbolo, Devoção Mariana, Santuário, Latinidade, Patrimônio Religioso.
Grammar and Theology in Daniel 3:16–18
Authors: Cook John A. 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
The tense standoff between Nebuchadnezzar, Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego reaches its climactic moment in the final response from the three friends in Dan 3:16–18. The grammar of the passage has presented a challenge to translators and interpreters through the centuries because the most evident reading of the passage suggests an objectionable theological stance by the friends, in which they imply the possibility either of their God’s nonexistence or His inability to rescue them. In this article, I survey the main ways this passage has been translated and interpreted and then suggest a new translation and interpretation that is grammatically and theologically warranted.
Ironic Imitations: Parody, Mockery, and the Barnyard Chase in the Nun's Priest's Tale
Authors: Pattison Andrew John 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
The humor of the chase scene in the Nun's Priest's Tale has been widely noted without necessarily being deeply explored. Far more interest has been placed, for example, on the allusion to the Peasants' Revolt and the meaning of the passage within the tale's wider parody of medieval rhetoric. This article analyzes the humor of the barnyard chase, highlighting that it includes layers of burlesque but also irony and parody, depending on the reader's frame of reference. Using various texts pertaining to hunting in the late medieval period as instruments of inquiry, the article argues that the chase scene should be read against the backdrop of the noble hunt. Chaucer's subtle treatment of terminology, technology, wordplay, sound, and image implies that the passage should be read as an ironic imitation of courtly hunting. This article thus suggests an alternative reading of a central passage in the Nun's Priest's Tale.
Norsk film- og kinosystem i forandring
Authors: Solum Ove 
Published: March 2019

Denne artikkelen gir en kort oversikt over den historiske bakgrunnen for utviklingen av det som resulterte i etableringen av en unik kommunal film- og kinoinstitusjon i Norge. Videre ser artikkelen nærmere på de seneste endringene som har resultert i et sammensatt kinolandskap, med både en offentlig kommunalt basert kinosektor og en privat internasjonal gren. Norske kinoer sammen med kinokjeder i Skandinavia har i løpet av få år blitt innlemmet i verdens største globale kinoselskap, det i utgangspunktet amerikanske selskapet AMC, i dag eid av den kinesiske Wanda-gruppen. Artikkelen kommenterer også endringene som har funnet sted innenfor filmproduksjon og distribusjon i Norge. This article provides a brief outline of the historic background for the development of what resulted in the establishment of a unique municipal cinema institution in Norway. Thereafter the article looks more closely at the recent changes leading to a new mixed cinema landscape with both a public municipally based cinema sector and a private international branch. Norwegian movie theatres, together with movie theatre chains in Scandinavia, have within a few years been included into the largest global movie theatre company in the world, the initially American company AMC, now owned by the Chinese Wanda group. The article also comments upon changes within the field of film production and distribution in Norway.
A Stacking Approach to Direct Marketing Response Modeling
Authors: Kangogo Kiprop Ernest , Okeyo George , Muriithi Petronilla 
Published: March 2019

In this work, we investigate the viability of the stacked generalization approach in predictive modeling of a direct marketing problem. We compare the performance of individual models created using different classification algorithms, and stacked ensembles of these models. The base algorithms we investigate and use to create stacked models are Neural Networks, Logistic Regression, Support Vector Machines (SVM), Naïve Bayes and Decision Tree (CART). These algorithms were selected for their popularity and good performance on similar tasks in previous studies. Using a benchmark experiment and statistical tests, we compared five single algorithm classifiers and 26 stacked ensembles of combinations these algorithms on two popular metrics: Area Under ROC Curve (AUC) and lift. We will demonstrate a significant improvement in the AUC and lift values when the stacked generalization approach is used viz a viz the single-algorithm approach. We conclude that despite its relative obscurity in marketing applications, stacking holds great promise as an ensembling technique for direct marketing problems.
The Bitwise Operations in Relation to the Concept of Set
Authors: Yordzhev Krasimir 
Published: March 2019

We contemplate this article to help the teachers of programming in his aspiration for giving some appropriate and interesting examples. The work will be especially useful for students-future programmers, and for their lecturers.
Some of the strong sides of these programming languages C/C++ and Java are the possibilities of low-level programming. Some of the means for this possibility are the introduced standard bitwise operations, with the help of which, it is possible directly operate with every bit of an arbitrary variable situated in the computer’s memory.
In the current study, we are going to describe some methodical aspects for work with the bitwise operations and we will discuss the benefit of using bitwise operations in programming. The article shows some advantages of using bitwise operations, realising various operations with sets.