bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
P2Y12 inhibitors in acute coronary syndrome patients with renal dysfunction: an analysis from the RENAMI and BleeMACS projects
Authors: De Filippo Ovidio , D’Ascenzo Fabrizio , Raposeiras-Roubin Sergio , Abu-Assi Emad , Peyracchia Mattia , Bocchino Pier Paolo , Kinnaird Tim , Ariza-Solé Albert , Liebetrau Christoph , Manzano-Fernández Sergio , Boccuzzi Giacomo , Henriques Jose Paulo Simao , Templin Christian , Wilton Stephen B , Omedè Pierluigi , Velicki Lazar , Xanthopoulou Ioanna , Correia Luis , Cerrato Enrico , Rognoni Andrea , Fabrizio Ugo , Nuñez-Gil Iván , Iannaccone Mario , Montabone Andrea , Taha Salma , Fujii Toshiharu , Durante Alessandro , Song Xiantao , Gili Sebastiano , Magnani Giulia , Varbella Ferdinando , Kawaji Tetsuma , Blanco Pedro Flores , Garay Alberto , Quadri Giorgio , Alexopoulos Dimitrios , Caneiro Queija Berenice , Huczek Zenon , Cobas Paz Rafael , González Juanatey José Ramón , Cespón Fernández María , Nie Shao-Ping , Muñoz Pousa Isabel , Kawashiri Masa-Aki , Gallo Diego , Morbiducci Umberto , Conrotto Federico , Montefusco Antonio , Dominguez-Rodriguez Alberto , López-Cuenca Angel , Cequier Angel , Iñiguez-Romo Andrés , Usmiani Tullio , Rinaldi Mauro , De Ferrari Gaetano Maria 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Aims
The aim of the present study was to establish the safety and efficacy profile of prasugrel and ticagrelor in real-life acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients with renal dysfunction.

Methods and results
All consecutive patients from RENAMI (REgistry of New Antiplatelets in patients with Myocardial Infarction) and BLEEMACS (Bleeding complications in a Multicenter registry of patients discharged with diagnosis of Acute Coronary Syndrome) registries were stratified according to estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) lower or greater than 60 mL/min/1.73 m2. Death and myocardial infarction (MI) were the primary efficacy endpoints. Major bleedings (MBs), defined as Bleeding Academic Research Consortium bleeding types 3 to 5, constituted the safety endpoint. A total of 19 255 patients were enrolled. Mean age was 63 ± 12; 14 892 (77.3%) were males. A total of 2490 (12.9%) patients had chronic kidney disease (CKD), defined as eGFR &lt;60 mL/min/1.73 m2. Mean follow-up was 13 ± 5 months. Mortality was significantly higher in CKD patients (9.4% vs. 2.6%, P &lt; 0.0001), as well as the incidence of reinfarction (5.8% vs. 2.9%, P &lt; 0.0001) and MB (5.7% vs. 3%, P &lt; 0.0001). At Cox multivariable analysis, potent P2Y12 inhibitors significantly reduced the mortality rate [hazard ratio (HR) 0.82, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.54–0.96; P = 0.006] and the risk of reinfarction (HR 0.53, 95% CI 0.30–0.95; P = 0.033) in CKD patients as compared to clopidogrel. The reduction of risk of reinfarction was confirmed in patients with preserved renal function. Potent P2Y12 inhibitors did not increase the risk of MB in CKD patients (HR 1.00, 95% CI 0.59–1.68; P = 0.985).

Conclusion
In ACS patients with CKD, prasugrel and ticagrelor are associated with lower risk of death and recurrent MI without increasing the risk of MB.
Cohort profile: the Myocardial Ischaemia National Audit Project (MINAP)
Authors: Wilkinson Chris , Weston Clive , Timmis Adam , Quinn Tom , Keys Alan , Gale Chris P 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Aims
The Myocardial Ischaemia National Audit Project (MINAP) collects data from admissions in England, Wales, and Northern Ireland with Type 1 myocardial infarction (T1 MI). The project aims to improve clinical care through the audit process and to provide powerful high-resolution data for research.

Methods and results
MINAP collects data spanning 130 data fields covering the course of patient care, from the moment the patient calls for professional help through to hospital discharge and rehabilitation. Data are entered by clinicians and clerical staff within hospitals, and pseudonymized records are uploaded centrally to the National Institute for Cardiovascular Outcomes Research (NICOR), hosted by Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK. Two hundred and six hospitals submit over 92 000 new cases to MINAP annually. Approximately 1.5 million patient records are currently held in the database. Patient demographics, medical history, clinical assessment, investigations, treatments, drug therapy prior to admission, during hospital stay, and at discharge are collected. Data completeness of three key data fields (age, admission blood pressure, and heart rate) is over 91%. Vital status following hospital discharge is obtained via linkage to data from the United Kingdom Office for National Statistics. An annual report is compiled using these data, with individual hospital summary data included. Datasets are available to researchers by application to NICOR.

Conclusion
MINAP is the largest single healthcare system heart attack registry, and includes data from hospitalizations with T1 MI in England, Wales, and Northern Ireland. It includes high-resolution data across the patient pathway and is a powerful tool for quality improvement and research.
Characterization of the microbiome and bioluminescent symbionts across life stages of Ceratioid Anglerfishes of the Gulf of Mexico
Authors: Freed Lindsay L , Easson Cole , Baker Lydia J , Fenolio Danté , Sutton Tracey T , Khan Yasmin , Blackwelder Patricia , Hendry Tory A , Lopez Jose V 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACTThe interdependence of diverse organisms through symbiosis reaches even the deepest parts of the oceans. As part of the DEEPEND project (deependconsortium.org) research on deep Gulf of Mexico biodiversity, we profiled the bacterial communities (‘microbiomes’) and luminous symbionts of 36 specimens of adult and larval deep-sea anglerfishes of the suborder Ceratioidei using 16S rDNA. Transmission electron microscopy was used to characterize the location of symbionts in adult light organs (esca). Whole larval microbiomes, and adult skin and gut microbiomes, were dominated by bacteria in the genera Moritella and Pseudoalteromonas. 16S rDNA sequencing results from adult fishes corroborate the previously published identity of ceratioid bioluminescent symbionts and support the findings that these symbionts do not consistently exhibit host specificity at the host family level. Bioluminescent symbiont amplicon sequence variants were absent from larval ceratioid samples, but were found at all depths in the seawater, with a highest abundance found at mesopelagic depths. As adults spend the majority of their lives in the meso- and bathypelagic zones, the trend in symbiont abundance is consistent with their life history. These findings support the hypothesis that bioluminescent symbionts are not present throughout host development, and that ceratioids acquire their bioluminescent symbionts from the environment.
Effects of chitosan oligosaccharide-nisin conjugates formed by Maillard reaction on the intestinal microbiota of high-fat diet-induced obesity mice model
Authors: Zheng Xiaojie , Zhang Xin , Xiong Chunhua 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Objectives
The goal of this study was to evaluate the modulatory effect of chitosan oligosaccharide-nisin conjugate (CON-C) on intestinal microbiota of human flora-associated (HFA) mice and also reveal its effect towards the high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity. Both Chitosan oligosaccharides and nisin showed great potential in modulating the intestinal microbiota, so it is worth to explore whether the modulation effect of chitosan oligosaccharide could be improved by covalently binding with nisin.

Materials and Methods
CON-C was prepared by heating the mixed solution of chitosan oligosaccharide and nisin at 80°C and pH 2.0 for 24h. The structure of CON-C were analyzed by Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The CON-C’s anti-obesity effect and modulatory effect toward intestinal microbiota were analyzed using human flora-associated (HFA) mice model.

Results
CON-C could alleviated HFD-induced gut dysbiosis, by significantly decreasing the numbers of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus/Enterococcus spp., and increasing the numbers of Bacteroides–Prevotella and Clostridium groups. CON-C could also enriched the most differentially expressed genes through KEGG pathways of biosynthesis of amino acids, two-component system, and ATP binding cassette (ABC) transporters.

Conclusions
The improved therapeutic effect of CON-C against HFD-induced obesity has been approved, and hence, CON-C has a great potential to be utilized as a functional food ingredient in reducing body weight.
“Making the desert blossom as the rose”: The American Christian Palestine Committee’s “Children’s Memorial Forest” and Postwar Land Acquisition in Palestine
Authors: Weiss Amy 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The American Christian Palestine Committee believed that Palestine, and not Europe or any other location, should memorialize the European Jewish victims of the Holocaust. Founded in 1946, the ACPC partnered with the Jewish National Fund to establish the Children’s Memorial Forest, a memorial to the more than 1 million Jewish children who perished in the Nazi genocide. Its fundraising campaign sought to plant saplings in the Ein Hashofet region, constituting an early form of Holocaust education among American Sunday school children. It solicited theologically liberal, or mainline, American Protestants’ participation in a land reclamation project aimed at advancing Jewish statehood.
The case for a new Venezuelan Hydrocarbons Law as the basis of a new Hydrocarbons Policy: unlocking the path for recovery, stabilization and growth
Authors: Hernandez Jose Ignacio , Bellorin Carlos 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Two decades of predatory policies, kleptocracy and mismanagement led Venezuela, once one of the top-oil producers in the world, to an unparalleled collapse, social and political crisis. This article discusses the importance of the role of the oil industry in the country’s eventual recovery and why a new oil policy will be needed to accomplish this objective. Such hydrocarbons policy may only be taken by the enactment of a new Hydrocarbons Law. This focuses on the analysis of the main provisions and changes contained in a new Hydrocarbons Law Bill presented to the National Assembly in June 2019.
Shunt Failure—The First 30 Days
Authors: Lee Ryan P , Ajmera Sonia , Thomas Fridtjof , Dave Pooja , Lillard Jock C , Wallace David , Broussard Austin , Motiwala Mustafa , Norrdahl Sebastian P , Venable Garrett T , Khan Nickalus R , Harrell Camden , Jones Tamekia L , Vaughn Brandy N , Gooldy Tim , Hersh David S , Klimo Paul 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Incontrovertible predictors of shunt malfunction remain elusive.

OBJECTIVE
To determine predictors of shunt failure within 30 d of index surgery.

METHODS
This was a single-center retrospective cohort study from January 2010 through November 2016. Using a ventricular shunt surgery research database, clinical and procedural variables were procured. An “index surgery” was defined as implantation of a new shunt or revision or augmentation of an existing shunt system. The primary outcome was shunt failure of any kind within the first 30 days of index surgery. Bivariate models were created, followed by a final multivariable logistic regression model using a backward-forward selection procedure.

RESULTS
Our dataset contained 655 unique patients with a total of 1206 operations. The median age for the cohort at the time of first shunt surgery was 4.6 yr (range, 0-28; first and third quartile, .37 and 11.8, respectively). The 30-day failure rates were 12.4% when analyzing the first-index operation only (81/655), and 15.7% when analyzing all-index operations (189/1206). Small or slit ventricles at the time of index surgery and prior ventricular shunt operations were found to be significant covariates in both the “first-index” (P < .01 and P = .05, respectively) and “all-index” (P = .02 and P < .01, respectively) multivariable models. Intraventricular hemorrhage at the time of index surgery was an additional predictor in the all-index model (P = .01).

CONCLUSION
This study demonstrates that only 3 variables are predictive of 30-day shunt failure when following established variable selection procedures, 2 of which are potentially under direct control of the surgeon.
Outcomes of Limb-Sparing Surgery for Osteomyelitis in the Diabetic Foot: Importance of the Histopathologic Margin
Authors: Johnson Matthew J , Shumway Nathan , Bivins Mark , Bessesen Mary T 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Background
Diabetes mellitus affects up to 14% of Americans. Infection of the diabetic foot is a common complication, which may lead to amputation. If infection extends to involve bone, the risk of amputation is increased 4-fold. Presence of osteomyelitis at the histopathologic margin of resection portends a poor prognosis in osteomyelitis outside the setting of the diabetic foot. We aimed to assess the association of a positive histopathologic margin with the outcome of osteomyelitis in the diabetic foot.

Methods
Medical records were reviewed for all patients who underwent below-ankle amputation for osteomyelitis of the diabetic foot. Patients who had at least 1 year of follow-up, a histopathologic diagnosis of osteomyelitis, and a comment on whether the margin was involved were included.

Results
Thirty-nine of 66 (59%) cases had remission of osteomyelitis at 12 months. When comparing cases with remission with those who experienced recurrence in the 12 months of follow-up, there were no statistically significant differences in age, glycosylated hemoglobin, duration of antimicrobial therapy, Infectious Diseases Society of America class, or presence of osteomyelitis at the histopathologic margin. Among cases with a negative histopathologic margin, 29/48 (60.4%) were free of disease at 1 year, compared with 10/18 (55.6%) cases with a positive histopathologic margin (P = .72). Remission was significantly more frequent in cases undergoing amputation at the digit level (66.7%) compared with amputation at the metatarsal level (40.7%) (P = .045).

Conclusions
Osteomyelitis of the diabetic foot at the histopathologic margin of resection was not associated with increased risk of treatment failure. Resection at the level of the digit was associated with a lower risk of failure than at the metatarsal level.
Path optimization in $0+1$D QCD at finite density
Authors: Mori Yuto , Kashiwa Kouji , Ohnishi Akira 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
We investigate the sign problem in $0+1$D quantum chromodynamics at finite chemical potential by using the path optimization method. The SU(3) link variable is complexified to the SL(3,$\mathbb{C}$) link variable, and the integral path is represented by a feedforward neural network. The integral path is then optimized to weaken the sign problem. The average phase factor is enhanced to be greater than 0.99 on the optimized path. Results with and without diagonalized gauge fixing are compared and proven to be consistent. This is the first step in applying the path optimization method to gauge theories.
Appreciation of the Research-Practice Link: Authentic Learning Environments for Writing-Intensive Nursing Courses
Authors: Horning Melissa L. , Schneider Ryan , Beacham Barbara , McKechnie Anne C. , Kirk Laura , Emery Daniel , Lindquist Ruth 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Undergraduate students often perceive a disconnect between research and nursing practice. To support student understanding of this relationship, an innovative, authentic learning environment was created in a writing-intensive, capstone-level nursing course. Authentic learning environments couple real-life situations/simulations with personal, experiential learner engagement. Students completed pre- and postsurveys assessing their beliefs about and confidence in using research to inform practice. Quantitative and open-ended qualitative responses were analyzed with inferential statistics and conventional content analysis techniques, respectively. Findings suggested the learning environment increased student confidence and facilitated connections between research and practice, supporting continued use and further evaluation of this approach.
Developing Interprofessional Competence: Results of Embedding TeamSTEPPS® in All Semesters of an Accelerated and Traditional BSN Program
Authors: Maneval Rhonda E. , Vermeesch Carol , Poindexter Kathleen , Lourens Gayle , Ventura-Dipersia Christina 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
This study assessed the effectiveness of a curriculum designed to teach interprofessional communication and teamwork skills to traditional and accelerated baccalaureate nursing students. The curriculum was designed to incorporate TeamSTEPPS® concepts using incremental learning experiences and a variety of instructional techniques throughout all clinical program semesters; more than 200 students representing four cohorts were enrolled in the study. Three tools were used to evaluate program effectiveness. Both accelerated and traditional groups demonstrated varying degrees of improvement on all tools. The curriculum design positively influenced students’ communication and teamwork skills, advancing their interprofessional competency.
Multiplicity of Nitric Oxide and Natriuretic Peptide Signaling in Heart Failure
Authors: Preedy Michael E. J. , Baliga Reshma S. , Hobbs Adrian J. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract:
Heart failure (HF) is a common consequence of several cardiovascular diseases and is understood as a vicious cycle of cardiac and hemodynamic decline. The current inventory of treatments either alleviates the pathophysiological features (eg, cardiac dysfunction, neurohumoral activation, and ventricular remodeling) and/or targets any underlying pathologies (eg, hypertension and myocardial infarction). Yet, since these do not provide a cure, the morbidity and mortality associated with HF remains high. Therefore, the disease constitutes an unmet medical need, and novel therapies are desperately needed. Cyclic guanosine-3′,5′-monophosphate (cGMP), synthesized by nitric oxide (NO)- and natriuretic peptide (NP)-responsive guanylyl cyclase (GC) enzymes, exerts numerous protective effects on cardiac contractility, hypertrophy, fibrosis, and apoptosis. Impaired cGMP signaling, which can occur after GC deactivation and the upregulation of cyclic nucleotide-hydrolyzing phosphodiesterases (PDEs), promotes cardiac dysfunction. In this study, we review the role that NO/cGMP and NP/cGMP signaling plays in HF. After considering disease etiology, the physiological effects of cGMP in the heart are discussed. We then assess the evidence from preclinical models and patients that compromised cGMP signaling contributes to the HF phenotype. Finally, the potential of pharmacologically harnessing cardioprotective cGMP to rectify the present paucity of effective HF treatments is examined.
The Posterior Arm Flap for Reshaping the Postbariatric Breast
Authors: Vindigni Vincenzo , Marchica Paolo , Pagani Andrea , Bassetto Franco , Brambullo Tito 
Published: September 2019

Background:
Postbariatric surgery, either by itself or in association with other procedures, tries to correct physical defects and body deformities. Because of the intrinsic complexity of massive weight loss (MWL) patients, more than a single procedure is, most of the time, required. We report a combined surgical method able to improve arms’ and breasts’ contour that aims to obtain a satisfying functional and aesthetic result by reducing surgical times and costs.

Methods:
A female MWL patient with proper body mass index was clinically evaluated and considered suitable for surgery. While authors performed a modified Pascal-Le Louarn brachioplasty for the upper arm, a standard McKissock mastopexy followed by a Wise pattern skin closure was selected to obtain the breast lift. By sparing the proximal pedicle, the fasciocutaneous flaps were harvested on both posteromedial sides of the arms. The posterior arm flaps (PAF) were tunneled and transposed below the subcutaneous skin bridge across the axilla and finally used to increase the breast mound.

Results:
In the immediate postoperative follow-up, no complications were reported. After the 6-month and 1-year follow-up, both arms’ silhouette was documented as healthy and symmetric. Breasts were soft, without any signs of ptosis and/or contracture. No skin disorders or scar hypertrophy or lymphedema were reported.

Conclusions:
PAF in breast contouring procedures is an interesting surgical option, but more patients need to be treated to validate the effectiveness of the procedure. This technique should be considered when there is a need for simultaneously improving arm’s contour and breast’s volume and shape.
How hospitals select their patient safety priorities
Authors: George Judy , Parker Victoria A. , Sullivan Jennifer L. , Greenan Mary A. , Chan Jeffrey , Shin Marlena H. , Chen Qi , Shwartz Michael , Rosen Amy K. 
Published: September 2019

Background
Hospitals face ongoing pressure to reduce patient safety events. However, given resource constraints, hospitals must prioritize their safety improvements. There is limited literature on how hospitals select their safety priorities.

Purpose
The aim of this research was to describe and compare the approaches used by Veterans Health Administration (VA) hospitals to select their safety priorities.

Methodology
Semistructured telephone interviews with key informants (n = 16) were used to collect data on safety priorities in four VA hospitals from May to December 2016. We conducted a directed content analysis of the interview notes using an organizational learning perspective. We coded for descriptive data on the approaches (e.g., set of cues, circumstances, and activities) used to select safety priorities, a priori organizational learning capabilities (learning processes, learning environment, and learning-oriented leadership), and emergent domains. For cross-site comparisons, we examined the coded data for patterns.

Results
All hospitals used multiple approaches to select their safety priorities; these approaches used varied across hospitals. Although no single approach was reported as particularly influential, all hospitals used approaches that addressed system level or national requirements (i.e., externally required activities). Additional approaches used by hospitals (e.g., responding to staff concerns of patient safety issues, conducting a multidisciplinary team investigation) were less connected to externally required activities and demonstrated organizational learning capabilities in learning processes (e.g., performance monitoring), learning environment (e.g., staff’s psychological safety), and learning-oriented leadership (e.g., establishing a nonpunitive culture).

Practice Implications
Leaders should examine the approaches used to select safety priorities and the role of organizational learning in these selection approaches. Exclusively relying on approaches focused on externally required activities may fail to identify safety priorities that are locally relevant but not established as significant at the system or national levels. Organizational learning may promote hospitals’ use of varied approaches to guide their selection of safety priorities and thereby benefit hospital safety improvement efforts.