bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
YAP1 influences differentiation of osteoblastic MC3T3‐E1 cells through the regulation of ID1
Authors: Yang Beining , Sun Hualing , Chen Peiyu , Fan Nana , Zhong Heli , Liu Xiayi , Wu Yanru , Wang Jiawei 
Published: January 2019

AbstractYes‐associated protein 1 (YAP1) transcriptional coactivator has recently been identified to regulate skeletal lineage cell differentiation and bone development. However, the role and molecular mechanisms of YAP1 in the regulation of osteoblastic differentiation remains to be elucidated. In this study, we demonstrated that YAP1 expression was increased during osteogenic differentiation of rat bone mesenchymal stem cells and MC3T3‐E1. YAP1 overexpression MC3T3‐E1 showed increased expression of osteogenesis markers, such as runt‐related transcription factor 2, osteocalcin, and osteopontin, as well as alkaline phosphatase and alizarin red staining. Conversely, YAP1 knockdown significantly suppressed MC3T3‐E1 osteoblastic differentiation. Mechanistically, we found that YAP1 overexpression upregulated the mRNA and protein expression of the inhibitor of differentiation/DNA binding 1 (ID1), which was contrary to the results of YAP1‐knockdown group. Moreover, the early osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3‐E1 cells was enhanced by ID1 overexpression. Furthermore, transient transfection with exogenous ID1 overexpression plasmid completely recaptured the decreased effects of YAP1 knockdown on MC3T3‐E1 cell differentiation. In addition, β‐catenin and AMP‐activated protein kinase signaling pathways participated in YAP1 regulation processes. Taken together, our study suggests that YAP1 is a crucial modulator of osteoblast differentiation in vitro, and provides insight into the mechanism by which YAP1 regulates osteoblast differentiation.
Activation of liver X receptor suppresses osteopontin expression and ameliorates nephrolithiasis
Authors: Chen Jie , Zhang Di , Ji Ming‐Fei , Liu Tao , Mei Chang‐lin , Tang Xiao‐Jing 
Published: January 2019

AbstractNephrolithiasis is a common disease of the urinary system, of which idiopathic calcium oxalate (CaOx) kidney stones, in particular, are one of the special types. In the initial stages of CaOx kidney stone formation, Randall's plaques (RPs) develop. Liver X receptors (LXRs) inhibit oxidative stress and inﬂammatory in other diseases; nevertheless, the role of LXRs in nephrolithiasis has yet to be elucidated. In this study, the role of LXRs in the progression of RP formation was investigated. Microarray analysis revealed that LXR/RXR levels were significantly greater in low‐plaque tissues (<5%) than in high‐plaque tissues (>5%), confirming the link between LXR activation and RP formation. Correspondingly, expression levels of two LXR target genes, LXRα and LXRβ, were lower in high‐plaque tissues than in low‐plaque tissues. In vitro, LXR agonist alleviated calcium oxalate monohydrate‐induced cellular calcium deposits and apoptosis. LXR activation decreased reactive oxygen species production and gene expression of inflammatory mediators, including osteopontin that has recently been demonstrated to correlate with the development of RPs. Moreover, p38 MAPK and JNK signaling may mediate LXR‐regulated expression in HK‐2 cells. In an animal model, the deposition was reduced by activating LXR, and osteopontin expression was also inhibited. Our findings suggest a role for LXRs in the progression of idiopathic CaOx kidney stones; LXR agonists may have therapeutic potential for the treatment of nephrolithiasis.
Calcium sensing receptor in developing human airway smooth muscle
Authors: Roesler Anne M. , Wicher Sarah A. , Ravix Jovanka , Britt Rodney D. , Manlove Logan , Teske Jacob J. , Cummings Katelyn , Thompson Michael A. , Farver Carol , MacFarlane Peter , Pabelick Christina M. , Prakash Y.S. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractAirway smooth muscle (ASM) regulation of airway structure and contractility is critical in fetal/neonatal physiology in health and disease. Fetal lungs experience higher Ca2+ environment that may impact extracellular Ca2+ ([Ca2+]o) sensing receptor (CaSR). Well‐known in the parathyroid gland, CaSR is also expressed in late embryonic lung mesenchyme. Using cells from 18‐22 week human fetal lungs, we tested the hypothesis that CaSR regulates intracellular Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i) in fetal ASM (fASM). Compared with adult ASM, CaSR expression was higher in fASM, while fluorescence Ca2+ imaging showed that [Ca2+]i was more sensitive to altered [Ca2+]o. The fASM [Ca2+]i responses to histamine were also more sensitive to [Ca2+]o (0–2 mM) compared with an adult, enhanced by calcimimetic R568 but blunted by calcilytic NPS2143. [Ca2+]i was enhanced by endogenous CaSR agonist spermine (again higher sensitivity compared with adult). Inhibition of phospholipase C (U73122; siRNA) or inositol 1,4,5‐triphosphate receptor (Xestospongin C) blunted [Ca2+]o sensitivity and R568 effects. NPS2143 potentiated U73122 effects. Store‐operated Ca2+ entry was potentiated by R568. Traction force microscopy showed responsiveness of fASM cellular contractility to [Ca2+]o and NPS2143. Separately, fASM proliferation showed sensitivity to [Ca2+]o and NPS2143. These results demonstrate functional CaSR in developing ASM that modulates airway contractility and proliferation.
The effects of deposition time on the nanoscale patterns of Ag/DLC nanocomposite synthesized by RF‐PECVD
Authors: Ţălu Ştefan , Stach Sebastian , Abdolghaderi Senour 
Published: January 2019

AbstractIntroduction: In this study, a stereometric analysis of the three dimensional (3‐D) surfaces of the Ag/DLC nanocomposite synthesized by RF‐PECVD was performed. Materials and methods: Atomic force microscopy in noncontact mode was used to study surface morphology in correlation with multi‐parametric statistical analysis. The associated parameters of segmented motifs in conformity with ISO 25178‐2:, 2012 have been extracted using MountainsMap® Premium software. The mathematical algorithm computes detached watersheds of hill or dale motifs and determines the maximum and minimum points of motifs. Results and discussion: The stereometric analyses with MountainsMap® Premium software provided detailed information on the 3‐D surface topography of samples. Fractal analyses revealed the fractal nature of the performed samples is in correlation with the deposition time of samples. Detailed information of manufactured Ag/diamond‐like carbon (DLC) nanocomposite is given based on the information about the surface structure, properties, and performance characteristics. The performed analysis allows the high‐resolution modeling of Ag/DLC nanocomposite surface microtexture with motif analysis (intrinsic characteristics disclosure and characterization of surfaces fractal), in order to be included in computer interactive simulation algorithms. Conclusion: It was found the fractal dimension decreases with the increase of the deposition times on samples.
MRI of synovitis and joint fluid
Authors: Burke Christopher J. , Alizai Hamza , Beltran Luis S , Regatte Ravinder R. 
Published: January 2019

Synovitis and joint effusion are common manifestations of rheumatic disease and play an important role in the disease pathophysiology. Earlier detection and accurate assessment of synovial pathology, therefore, can facilitate appropriate clinical management and hence improve prognosis. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) allows unparalleled assessment of all joint structures and associated pathology. It has emerged as a powerful tool, which enables not only detection of synovitis and effusion, but also allows quantification, detailed characterization, and noninvasive monitoring of synovial processes. The purpose of this article is to summarize the pathophysiology of synovitis and to review the role of qualitative, semiquantitative, and quantitative MRI in the assessment of synovitis and joint fluid. We also discuss the utility of MRI as an outcome measure to assess treatment response, particularly with respect to osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. Emerging applications such as hybrid positron emission tomography / MRI and molecular imaging are also briefly discussed.Level of Evidence: 5Technical Efficacy: Stage 3J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2019.
Effect of gravity on portal venous flow: Evaluation using multiposture MRI
Authors: Kadoya Yoshisuke , Miyati Tosiaki , Kobayashi Satoshi , Ohno Naoki , Gabata Toshifumi 
Published: January 2019

BackgroundAnalysis of portal venous flow (PVF) is important when evaluating the severity and prognosis of liver disease. PVF might be altered by postural changes (ie, difference in the effects of gravity).PurposeTo evaluate the effect of gravity on PVF using a novel MRI system, which can obtain abdominal MRIs in both the supine and the upright positions.Study TypeProspective self control.SubjectsTwelve healthy young male volunteers.Field Strength/SequenceCaval velocity‐mapped images were obtained using the electrocardiography‐triggered cine phase‐contrast technique in the supine and upright positions with multiposture MRI (paired 0.4 T permanent magnets).AssessmentThe mean PVF velocity in the region of interest in each cardiac phase was determined. A PVF curve in the cardiac cycle was also obtained from the PVF velocity multiplied by the cross‐sectional area. The mean PVF velocity, maximum PVF velocity, cross‐sectional area of the PV, mean PVF, maximum PVF, and heart rate in the supine and upright positions were assessed.Statistical TestsWilcoxon signed‐rank tests were applied. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsThe mean PVF velocity, maximum PVF velocity, cross‐sectional area of the PV, and maximum PVF were all significantly lower in the upright position compared with the supine position (P = 0.002 for all), with differences of 42% ± 15%, 38% ± 12%, 60% ± 17%, 24% ± 11%, and 22% ± 9.3%, respectively. However, heart rate was significantly higher (116% ± 9.2%, P = 0.003) in the upright position compared with the supine position.Data ConclusionThe effect of gravity during postural change from a supine to an upright position significantly decreases the PVF. Multiposture MRI allows acquisition of more detailed information on liver function.Level of Evidence: 2Technical Efficacy Stage: 1J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2019;50:83–87.
A comparison of physical comorbidities in patients with posttraumatic stress disorder developed after a terrorist attack or other traumatic event
Authors: Ferretti Fabio , Pozza Andrea , Bossini Letizia , Del Matto Laura , Desantis Serena , Olivola Miriam , Gualtieri Giacomo , Coluccia Anna , Fagiolini Andrea 
Published: January 2019

AbstractNo study investigated whether the presence of specific medical comorbidities is associated with the type of traumatic event, in particular with terrorist attack (TA). In a group of subjects with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), the current study investigated the association between the types of traumatic event (TA vs. other traumatic event [OTE]) and medical comorbidities, controlling for sex and PTSD duration. The Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview, the Clinician‐Administered PTSD Scale, and the Davidson Trauma Scale were administered to 84 subjects diagnosed with PTSD. Thirty‐nine were victims of TA and 45 victims of OTE. TA was associated with higher prevalence of neoplasms (β = 2.60, p = 0.02). Females were more protected than males from circulatory system comorbidities (β = 1.47, p = 0.04), while PTSD duration was associated with higher prevalence of such comorbidities (β = 0.005, p = 0.01). Females showed a higher prevalence of neoplasms than males (β = 2.50, p = 0.02). Female sex was protective against metabolic syndrome (β = −1.79, p = 0.02). Patients with PTSD due to TA and female patients should be considered for their higher prevalence of neoplasms, while male patients and those with higher symptom duration should be monitored for circulatory disease and metabolic syndrome. Symptom duration might be associated with circulatory and metabolic disease. Implications for tailored and timely psychopharmacological and psychotherapeutic intervention for PTSD are discussed focusing on these specific medical comorbidities.
Tea diseases detection based on fast infrared thermal image processing technology
Authors: Yang Ning , Yuan Minfeng , Wang Pan , Zhang Rongbiao , Sun Jun , Mao Hanping 
Published: January 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDAs one of China's important economic crops, tea is economically damaged due to its large yield. The overall goal of this study is to develop an effective, simple, apt computer vision algorithm to detect tea disease area using infrared thermal image processing techniques and to estimate tea disease.RESULTSThis paper finds that the area of tea disease has certain regularity with its infrared image gray distribution. Using this rule, we extracted two characteristic parameters into a classifier to help achieve rapid tea disease detection, which increases the accuracy of detection a small amount. The tea disease detection algorithm consisted of the following steps: classify canopy infrared thermal image; convert red, green and blue image to hue, saturation and value; thresholding; color identification; noise filtering; binarization; closed operation; and counting. A correlation coefficient R2 of 0.97 was obtained between the tea disease detection algorithm and counting performed through human observation, which is 2% higher than traditional algorithms without classifiers.CONCLUSIONSThis article provides guidance for monitoring the condition of tea gardens with airborne thermal imaging cameras. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Application of palladium‐modified zeolite for prolonging post‐harvest shelf life of banana
Authors: Tzeng Jing‐Hua , Weng Chih‐Huang , Huang Jenn‐Wen , Shiesh Ching‐Chang , Lin Yu‐Hao , Lin Yao‐Tung 
Published: January 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe marketability of banana is limited by the rapid rate of ripening. However, the traditional post‐harvest technologies may not be desirable. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential of a reusable material for the food preservation industry.RESULTSThe nanocomposite‐based palladium (Pd)‐modified zeolite (Pd/zeolite) was prepared by impregnating Pd into zeolite. Pd/zeolite had a Brunauer–Emmett–Teller dinitrogen specific surface area of 475 m2 g−1 with crystal structure similar to Y‐zeolite. Transmission electron microscopy images showed the dispersion of Pd particles over the multi‐pore zeolite support. Pd/zeolite uniquely acted as an adsorbent and a catalyst and was able to remove ethylene even after reaching breakthrough point. To prove Pd/zeolite is reusable, a 99 ± 0.8% ethylene removal efficiency still remained even after five consecutive cycles with repeated use of Pd/zeolite. The presence of Pd/zeolite significantly decreased the ethylene concentration during 18 days of storage at 20 ± 2 °C.CONCLUSIONSPd/zeolite could delay the ripening of banana and improve its firmness and the peel color significantly. Findings indicated that the as‐prepared Pd/zeolite is an effective adsorbent/catalyst with high potential for practical application in ethylene removal, especially for the post‐harvest period. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Investigation of diversity and dominance of fungal biota in stored wheat grains from governmental warehouses in West Bengal, India
Authors: Kumari Ranjana , Jayachandran Lakshmi E , Ghosh Ananta K 
Published: January 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDFungal infestation is a leading cause of qualitative and quantitative deterioration of stored wheat grains. Limited information is available on the spatial distribution of fungal biota associated with stored wheat grains in India. Fungi were isolated and characterized from nine stored wheat grain samples in three warehouses of the Food Corporation of India, located in three agro‐climatic zones (Paschim Medinipur, Bankura and Purulia) of West Bengal in India.RESULTSMaximum density and fungal diversity were observed in dichloran glycerol agar (DG‐18) medium and the number increased with the increase of storage duration. Samples collected from Purulia showed maximum fungal diversity than that from Bankura and Paschim Medinipur. A total of 284 fungal isolates were obtained, classified into 29 operational taxonomic units (based on amplified ribosomal DNA restriction analysis of 18S and internal transcribed spacer sequences), and identified as 24 different fungal species. The majority of fungal isolates belonged to Aspergillus flavus (35%) followed by Rhizopus oryzae (13%) and Eurotium amstelodami (9%). Aspergillopepsin O (PEPO) gene and aflatoxin biosynthetic pathway gene, nor‐1, were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) from 91% and 71% of Aspergillus flavus isolates, respectively, indicating their aflatoxin producing ability. Aflatoxin production was further confirmed by ammonia vapour test, thin layer chromatography (TLC) and high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).CONCLUSIONThe presence of toxigenic fungi in stored wheat grain emphasizes the necessity of quarantine measures of stored grains before placing them in the public domain to save consumers from health hazards. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Survival and internalization of Salmonella and Escherichia coli O157:H7 sprayed onto different cabbage cultivars during cultivation in growth chambers
Authors: Erickson Marilyn C , Liao Jye‐Yin , Payton Alison S , Cook Peter W , Ortega Ynes R 
Published: January 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDCabbage may become contaminated with enteric pathogens during cultivation. Using multiple cabbage cultivars at two maturity stages (small plants or plants with small heads) in growth chamber studies, the fate (internalization or surface survival) of Salmonella and Escherichia coli O157:H7 (0157) were examined in conjunction with any potential relationships to the plant's antimicrobial content.RESULTSInternalized Salmonella was detected in cabbage within 24 h with prevalence ranging from 62% (16 of 26) for the ‘Super Red 80’ cultivar to 92% (24 of 26) for the ‘Red Dynasty’ cultivar. Surface survival of pathogens on small cabbage plants over nine days was significantly affected by cultivar with both pathogens surviving the most on the ‘Farao’ cultivar and Salmonella and O157 surviving the least on the ‘Super Red 80’ and ‘Capture’ cultivars, respectively (P < 0.05). Survival of O157 was slightly higher on cabbage heads for O157 than small plants suggesting that the maturity stage may affect this pathogen's fate. An inverse relationship existed between antimicrobial levels and the pathogen's surface survival on cabbage heads (P < 0.05).CONCLUSIONSThe fate of pathogens varied with the cabbage cultivar in growth chamber studies highlighting the potential to explore cultivar in field studies to reduce the risk of microbiological contamination in this crop. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Determination of glyoxal, methylglyoxal, and diacetyl in red ginseng products using dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction coupled with GC–MS
Authors: Lee Yun‐Yeol , Shibamoto Takayuki , Ha Sang‐Do , Ha Jaeho , Lee Jangho , Jang Hae Won 
Published: January 2019

AbstractA simple and rapid dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction method coupled with gas chromatography and mass spectrometry was applied for the determination of glyoxal as quinoxaline, methylglyoxal as 2‐methylquinoxaline, and diacetyl as 2,3‐dimethylquinoxaline in red ginseng products. The performance of the proposed method was evaluated under optimum extraction conditions (extraction solvent: chloroform 100 μL, disperser solvent: methanol 200 μL, derivatizing agent concentration: 5 g/L, reaction time: 1 h, and no addition of salt). The limit of detection and limit of quantitation were 1.30 and 4.33 μg/L for glyoxal, 1.86 and 6.20 μg/L for methylglyoxal, and 1.45 and 4.82 μg/L for diacetyl. The intra‐ and interday relative standard deviations were <4.95 and 5.80%, respectively. The relative recoveries were 92.4–103.9% in red ginseng concentrate and 99.4–110.7% in juice samples. Red ginseng concentrates were found to contain 191–4274 μg/kg of glyoxal, 1336–4798 μg/kg of methylglyoxal, and 0–830 μg/kg of diacetyl, whereas for red ginseng juices, the respective concentrations were 72–865, 69–3613, and 6–344 μg/L.
Intra‐ and Interobserver Reliability of Size Measurement of Morton Neuromas on Sonography
Authors: Park Young Hwan , Choi Won Seok , Choi Gi Won , Kim Hak Jun 
Published: January 2019

ObjectivesSonography is often used for analysis of Morton neuromas, but the measurement reliability is unknown. The aim of this study was to determine the intra‐ and interobserver reliability and precision of sonographic measurement of Morton neuromas.MethodsThree observers with different levels of sonography experience (observer A, expert; observer B, intermediate; observer C, beginner) performed repeated measurements of the size of Morton's neuroma in 20 patients. Intraclass correlation coefficient and limit of agreement were used to evaluate reliability and measurement precision.ResultsThe intraclass correlation coefficient for intraobserver reliability was 0.80, 0.71, and 0.43 (limit of agreement, 20%, 18%, and 47%) in observers A, B, and C, respectively. The intraclass correlation coefficient for interobserver reliability was 0.72, 0.38, and 0.38 (limit of agreement, 25%, 36%, and 35%) between observers A/B, A/C, and B/C, respectively.ConclusionsThe intra‐ and interobserver reliability values for sonographic measurement of Morton neuroma size were dependent on observer experience. Experienced observers had higher reliability, while observers who were less familiar with sonography showed moderate to low reliability.
Tumor growth rate: A new prognostic indicator of hearing preservation in vestibular schwannoma surgery
Authors: Lovato Andrea , García ibañez Emilio , García ibañez Luis , de Filippis Cosimo 
Published: January 2019

BackgroundThe management of small‐ to medium‐size (< 20 mm) sporadic vestibular schwannomas (VSs) continues to inspire debate. Preoperative pure tone thresholds and tumor size are recognized prognostic features of hearing preservation after surgery.ObjectiveTo investigate what preoperative characteristics were associated with nonserviceable hearing after surgery for VSs.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed the audiological results of 92 patients treated with the middle cranial fossa (MCF) approach for resection of VSs (< 20 mm). Sex, age, symptoms, tumor site, tumor size, growth rate, and hearing class according to American Academy of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery guidelines were evaluated. Negative outcome was progression after surgery to nonserviceable hearing according to Gardner‐Robertson classification. We included only patients with preoperative serviceable hearing.ResultsAfter surgery, 48 patients (52.2%) had nonserviceable hearing. At univariate analysis, sex age, symptoms, tumor site, and size were not associated to hearing outcome. Tumor growth rate ≥ 2.16 mm/year (P = 0.02, odds ratio 8.5) and preoperative hearing class B (P = 0.03, OR 5.89) were statistically associated to nonserviceable hearing after VSs resection. Tumor growth rate ≥ 2.16 mm/year was also significantly associated to preoperative hearing class B (P = 0.01). At multivariate analysis, the only independent prognostic factor of progression to nonserviceable hearing in operated VSs was tumor growth rate ≥ 2.16 mm/year (P = 0.01, OR = 4.15).ConclusionWe found a new prognostic indicator of hearing preservation after VS surgery with the MCF approach: the tumor growth rate. This feature should be further investigated before being considered in the decision‐making process of VS treatment.Level of Evidence4Laryngoscope, 129:2378–2383, 2019