bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
What power? Social representations of ICTs’ appropriation for community empowerment in Latin American social movements
Authors: Bacallao-Pino Lázaro M. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe article analyzes the social representations of ICTs’ appropriation for community empowerment by social movements. The study includes two recent Latin American student social movements: the Mexican #YoSoy132 and the Chilean student movement. Discourse analysis was used to examine interviews with participants in these social movements as well as other texts associated with their episodes of collective action. The discourse analysis was focused on four main dimensions of the social representations of ICTs’ appropriation: (1) the interrelationships between the technological and the socio-political and cultural dimensions; (2) the tension between a visibility-centered and an articulating-focused use of ICTs; (3) the tension between the individual and the collective dimensions; and (4) the articulation between ICTs-based collective action and offline one. The findings indicate that the online/offline and the visibility/articulation tensions are relevant dimensions, in an articulated way, of the social representation of ICTs’ appropriation for collective empowerment. The results also indicate that the sociopolitical goals of the social movements are a central mediation for the process of configuration of the social representation, as it is proved by the importance of the individual/collective tension for the process.
Tracheotomy revisited: results of a cross-sectional pilot study
Authors: Qadri Mir Sajad , Shafi Omar Mohammed 
Published: June 2018

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Tracheotomy is one of the oldest surgeries performed to bypass the obstructed airway to save life in emergency. The aim of present study was to assess the status of this traditional surgery in present clinical settings of technical advancement with special reference to the controversial issue like, is horizontal incision a better choice over the traditional vertical incision?</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> Retrospective study of 67 cases of surgical tracheotomy done from April 2017 to March 2018 and photographic assessment of the scar site in the patients who had undergone tracheotomy in the past at least more than a year before the commencement of the study period i.e. before 2015. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Prolonged ventilator support is the commonest indication for surgical tracheotomy comprising more than 55% of cases in present study followed by traumatic obstruction (19%) and neoplastic obstruction (18%) of upper airway. Although horizontal skin incision is increasingly being used but vertical incision remains incision of choice in emergency settings.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> The inflammatory conditions are no longer prime indicators for surgical tracheotomy. Horizontal skin incision has no significant advantage over vertical incision, which is still preferred in emergency settings.</p><p class="abstract"> </p>
Objective screening of hearing impairment using brainstem evoked response audiometry in children below 5 years of age and assessing the high risk factors
Authors: Patil Mallikarjun , Handi Prakash , Prasenkumar K. R. , Gouripur Kranti 
Published: June 2018

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Hearing impairment is a common disability in children. This study is to evaluate the common high risk factors for hearing loss in our locality and to estimate hearing threshold by brain stem evoked response audiometry.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> 100 children under five years were subjected to brainstem evoked response audiometry. Wave V morphology was studied and hearing threshold estimated. The high risk factor(s) were analysed and degree of hearing impairment assessed. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> 38 children were found to have hearing impairment. Most of the children had bilateral hearing impairment. Of them 30 children (79%) had profound hearing loss. Consanguineous marriage was the most common risk factor.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Since consanguinity is the most common risk factor, health education and genetic counselling will help to decrease the incidence of autosomal recessive nonsyndromic deafness. Improvement in immunization for rubella can decrease the hearing impairment due to these infections. Due to availability of medical facilities hearing impairment due to perinatal factors have decreased.</p>
Propellar flap: safe, reliable option for coverage of exposed tendo achilles
Authors: Jammula Srinivas S. , Rangachari Srikanth , Panagatla Prakash 
Published: June 2018

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Stable skin cover over exposed tendo achilles is absolutely essential for proper healing and recovery of tendo achilles function. Exposed tendo achilles can be a result of open injuries, repair of closed TArupture, complications after repair like suture dehiscence, skin necrosis, infection, delayed exposure and recurrent rupture. Various methods have been described for coverage of repaired tendo achilles like distally based skin flaps, advancement flap, free tissue transfers and islanded flaps. This study describes the usefulness of islanded propeller flap for stable skin cover over tendo achilles.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> Over a period of 4 years from March 2012 to August 2016 with total cases were 6, all male patients between 16 to 56 years of age were included in the study. Method of tendo achilles repair/reconstruction was planned, based on individual case requirement. All patients underwent islanded propeller flap for coverage of exposed tendo achilles. All cases were followed up for at least 1 year.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> All flaps except one case survived and on follow up the function of tendo achilles was excellent with stable, supple, healthy skin overlying the tendon. Tendoachilles strength was assessed by asking the patient to stand on toes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Islanded propeller flap cover over tendoachilles provides a stable, reliable, single stage procedure with good aesthetic appearance. </p>
THE FINANCIALIZATION PROCESS AND ITS EFFECTS ON THE MEXICAN PRODUCTIVE SECTOR (1990-2016)
Authors: Lapa Javier 
Published: June 2018

The process of economic financialization is defined as a stage of the capitalist system in which the profits obtained through financial channels acquire a growing importance, regarding to those related to production and distribution. The effects of this process are not limited to the financial sector, they also impact the productive one, at a macro and micro-economic level.In this sense, the Mexican Financial System (SFM) has gone through reforms arising from the adoption of a neoliberal growth model; according to which that financial liberalization contributes to the strengthening of both the financial and productive sector, creating a positive relationship among them.
With the objective of evaluating, if this has materialized in the case of the Mexican economy,in this work is carried out; on one hand, a descriptive statistical analysis on the evolution of the financing granted to the productive sector; and on the other hand, an econometric analysis through a panel data model, relating to the plant investment; to identify the effects of such process, in the levels of productive reinvestment. That is, through the analysis of the two main links between the sectors involved, the implied risks of the process of financialization are showed, for a developing economy as the Mexican.
A STUDY OF OVER THE COUNTER-PHARMACEUTICAL SALES ON THE INTERNET IN CHINA
Authors: Yangzi Yuanyi , Wenzhen Shi , Takashi Kondoh 
Published: June 2018

Purpose of Study: The Pharmaceutical industry in China has been increasing its market: Aging society, urbanization, upgrading of structure of consumption, reform for pharmaceutical market by the government. However, it is still under development regarding e-commerce in china. The objectives of this research is to consider the future trends of Over the Counter (OTC) pharmaceutical sales on the internet in China.
Methodology: Questionnaire survey regarding pharmaceutical sales on the internet. Investigated 260 respondents live in China. The questions mainly asked about the purchase of medicines during respondents’ lifetimes and how respondents made decisions about the purchases of general medicine on the Internet.
Main Findings: We found that regarding the age of 26­­­­­­­‑35 have the strong potential of purchasing on the internet.At the same timefound that the retail shop has becoming convenient, based on walking distance to drugstore.
Implications of study: This study can apply for decision making regarding the purchase of OTC pharmaceutical sales on the internet in China. Also, this study can be refereed when concerning about the system of online pharmaceutical sales.
Originality of study: The originality of study is that we designed the questionnaire survey based on abundant lows which connected to pharmaceutical sales on the internet. And we conducted the survey to the consumers so that we can understand the consciousness of the consumers.
The awareness of healthcare workers about hazardous substances used in a tertiary hospital
Authors: GÜL Serdar Savaş , ESEN Mehmet 
Published: June 2018

Objectives: Potentially hazardous materials are commonly used during health practices in
the hospital environments. Management of hazardous substances is of great
importance. Inadequate training of personnel for use and disposal of hazardous
materials were reported by some studies. The aim of present study was to create
awareness among healthcare workers for hazardous substances. Methods: A survey was carried out on 204 healthcare workers (125 females and 79 males;
mean age: 33.8 ± 12.9 years) to measure their level of knowledge about
hazardous substances used in hospitals. Results: Hospital departments were
investigated and it was found that listing of dangerous substances were
missing, their locations were not fixed, and they were not stored in isolated
areas. Sixty percent of the participants considered themselves not having
enough knowledge about hazardous materials. Ninety percent of the respondents
thought that warning signs and symbols placed on hazardous material storage
cabinets are useful. It was determined that warning signs for flammable,
hazardous for environment, corrosive and explosive were significantly less
known compared to symbols (p = 0.037,
p = 0.018, p &lt; 0.001 and p &lt; 0.001,
respectively). Conclusions: It was concluded that healthcare workers did not
have sufficient information about hazardous substances. Healthcare workers
should be trained effectively on hazardous substances issue.
Experimenting with Contact Strategies in Business Surveys
Authors: Tuttle Alfred D. , Beck Jennifer L. , Willimack Diane K. , Tolliver Kevin P. , Hernandez Aryn , Fan Cha-Chi 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
The U.S. Census Bureau conducted a series of experiments to evaluate alternative contact strategies. We hoped to identify effective mail strategies that increase timeliness of response and reduce the number of cases receiving more-costly follow-ups. These experiments were incorporated into the collection of several annual business surveys and one quarterly survey. This article summarizes results from five experiments whose designs are based on business survey decision-making and response processes. We obtained clear, positive results from tests involving manipulation of mail sequences, but only modest results from tests in which we varied messages and envelope appearance, whose effects were seen only in specific industry subgroups.
Adaptive Design Strategies for Nonresponse Follow-Up in Economic Surveys
Authors: Kaputa Stephen J. , Thompson Katherine J. 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
The U.S. Census Bureau is investigating nonrespondent subsampling strategies for use in the 2017 Economic Census. In previous research, we developed an optimized allocation procedure for subsampling nonrespondents that selects larger systematic samples in domains with lower initial response. This article expands on our previous research by exploring improvements to the optimal allocation method; we investigate refinements to the previous procedure that incorporate measures of respondent balance with respect to the original sample. The revised allocation procedures have simultaneous objectives of allocating high proportions of sample in domains that indicate potential nonresponse bias and of equalizing response rates across domains. We examine the effects of the alternative allocation approaches on Horvitz-Thompson estimates via a simulation study using data from the 2014 Annual Survey of Manufactures.
Setting M-Estimation Parameters for Detection and Treatment of Influential Values
Authors: Mulry Mary H. , Kaputa Stephen , Thompson Katherine J. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractRecent research on the use of M-estimation methodology for detecting and treating verified influential values in economic surveys found that initial parameter settings affect effectiveness. In this article, we explore the basic question of how to develop initial settings for the M-estimation parameters. The economic populations that we studied are highly skewed and are consequently highly stratified. While we investigated settings for several parameters, the most challenging problem was to develop an “automatic” data-driven method for setting the initial value of the tuning constantφ,the parameter with the greatest influence on performance of the algorithm. Of all the methods that we considered, we found that methods defined in terms of the accuracy of published estimates can be implemented on a large scale and yielded the best performance. We illustrate the methodology with an empirical analysis of 36 consecutive months of data from 19 industries in the Monthly Wholesale Trade Survey.
Understanding campaign “axiotechniques”: Their nature and practical usage in Ukrainian elections
Authors: Kutsenko Yevhen 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
This article seeks to shed more light on Ukraine’s parliamentary elections by considering campaign tools that were derived from values in the electorate and used in elections between 2006 and 2012. The influence of political values on the electoral process was pointed out by American political scientists in the mid-20th century. My research demonstrates, however, that the political choices of Ukrainians in the 2006–2012 elections gave rise to campaign techniques that were not based on “classic” political values like freedom, human rights and democracy. Instead, their source was national identity-related values including the importance of a common history, culture and language along with religious and geopolitical preferences. These values differed between the western and central regions of Ukraine on the one hand and the southern and eastern parts of the state on the other. This regional polarisation did not seem very dangerous, however, until the emergence of election campaigns based on political ideology. As ideology gradually lost its mobilising potential, there was a need for an effective new system of political influence. Manipulative techniques were deployed to incite artificial clashes between citizens with different political identities. This article analyses specific uses of these techniques and uncovers links between their application and the destruction of the electoral space in Ukraine as well as the division of the country’s real political arena.
The Kallikrates vs the Kapodistrias Reforms in Greece: A Story of Moderate Success
Authors: Kalimeri Vasiliki 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
This article aims to analyse and evaluate the implementation of Greek local government reforms based on the surrounding economic and political situation. The main two reforms in question, the Kapodistrias and the Kallikrates programmes, both tried to modernise the state under the influence of Greece’s European Union membership. Though revolutionary for its era, the Kapodistrias programme soon reached its limits. The newer Kallikrates reform, adopted under pressure from the European Union and the International Monetary Fund due to the economic crisis, has sought to reduce public spending and create a leaner state. Nevertheless, largely because of its external origins, even this more recent reform has failed to improve the deteriorating Greek local government sector.
Challenges to European Integration: Missions and Instruments
Authors: Szemlér Tamás 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
The aim of this article is to highlight challenges to European integration by raising key concerns and generating debate about potential responses. This discussion is intended to be a starting point for further research and the development of more policy-specific recommendations to tackle these challenges successfully. I begin by explaining the need for a clear and realistic integration mission and then turn to the example of the Economic and Monetary Union (EMU), one of the most tangible achievements of European integration policy. The EMU also highlights the critical importance of clarity and realism in any approach to integration. My analysis moves next to the challenges that the EU is facing today and considers how the European Commission has evaluated and reacted to these challenges. Finally I propose some key elements of – and make the case for – a constructive practical approach.
A Poggean Reform Agenda for Improving Political Will in Response to Mass Atrocities
Authors: Lea-Henry Jed 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Like other types of humanitarian intervention before it, the Responsibility to Protect (R2P) has suffered in practice from a pervasive lack of political will. This represents a failure of moral motivation, but also a failure to accept the often steep political, material and human costs associated with intervening to try and halt mass atrocity crimes. In order to ease this second barrier to intervention, we need a reform agenda that will limit the prevalence, intensity and duration of mass atrocities as well as the crisis situations that make them possible, thereby reducing the various costs associated with any specific intervention. This can be achieved through certain aspects of the work of cosmopolitan philosopher Thomas Pogge.
The Propagation of the Waves in the CTO S.A. Towing Tank
Authors: Drzewiecki Marcin 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
The paper presents the results of research focused on the wave propagation in the CTO S.A. deepwater towing tank. In the scope of paper, the wavemaker transfer function was determined for regular waves, based on the Biésel Transfer Function and further for irregular waves, based on Hasselman model of nonlinear energy transfer. The phenomena: wave damping, wave breakdown and wave reflection, were measured, analyzed and mathematically modeled. Developed mathematical models allow to calculate the impact of mentioned phenomena on the wave propagation and furthermore to calculate the wave characteristics along the whole measurement area in the CTO S.A. deepwater towing tank, based on wavemaker flap motion control.
New Concept of Numerical Ship Motion Modelling for Total Ship Operability Analysis by Integrating Ship and Environment Under One Overall System
Authors: Olszewski Henryk , Ghaemi H. 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
The paper presents a new concept of overall ship motion modelling for application to total ship operability. The delivered model is a multi-phase and includes both submerged part of ship’s hull and the surrounding water as a unique body. The Discrete Finite Element Method is applied. The model is successfully examined and illustrated for a selected AHTS
Simulation of Life Raft Motions on Irregular Wave - An Analysis of Situations Leading to Raft Capsizing
Authors: Kazimierska Olga 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Successful rescue action at sea is based on a. o. a correct choice of rescue means and their reliability. Operational characteristics of life-saving appliances determine their performance in a given water area. Therefore they affect duration time of rescue action and decide this way on survival time of shipwrecked persons. This paper presents impact of characteristics of circular inflatable life rafts on their dynamics in a given sea environment. Particular issues dealing with raft motion were analyzed and their solutions were then presented in the form of computer programs built into MATLAB environment. The programs operate on the open choice basis–the user is requested to introduce data of a raft to be investigated. The program clearly informs which units should be used for the data. The obtained results allow to limit survivours searching area and simultaneously form the basis for working out a model of searched object drift motion. In this work the use was made of the results obtained from the KBN research project No. 4T12C03827 in which an attempt was made to analyzing capsize probability of a raft at given sea states. The raft investigated in the project is also used as a reference raft in the computer programs developed in this work.
New Generation Stability Norms – How to Approach the Task
Authors: Kobyliński Lech 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
International stability norms included in the Code of Intact Stability 2008 adopted by IMO on 4 December 2008 constitutes the latest set of international requirements on intact stability of ships. However the requirements included in the Code, part of them compulsory (Included in the Part A of the Code), other only recommended (included in the Part B of the Code) are considered as not totally sufficient to assure safety of ships. Because of that, IMO decided that there would be the necessity to develop so called new generation stability criteria covering certain identified hazards, such as parametric resonance, loss of stability in the wave crest broaching, dead ship condition and excessive accelerations when rolling. Those criteria, or rather stability norms, are under development since 2008. The present approach, the work on which is well advanced, is however, not fully satisfactory and several important problems were discovered. This approach may need to be reconsidered or supplemented. The author in the paper presented discusses the weak points of the current approach and proposes possible different approach in order to make future ships safer from the stability point of view.
Comparison of Selected Parametric Methods for Prediction of Inland Waterways Ship Hull Resistance in Towing Tank Test
Authors: Karczewski Artur , Kozak Janusz 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
In the paper selected approximate methods for calculation of inland waterways ship resistance and their verification by towing tests, compared on the example of a small urban ferry, are presented. The test results are made for both the bare hull and the hull with appendages (skeg, azimuthal propeller). Significant differences between results of the theoretical methods and experimental ones, especially in the case of the model with skegs and propulsion, are pointed out. The purposefulness of using several parametric methods and the use of average results at the preliminary design stage were also discussed.