bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Contactless monitoring to prevent self-harm and suicide in custodial settings: Protocol for a global scoping review
Authors: Bosworth Rebecca , Everett Bronwyn , Breen Paul , Klein Jason , Psillakis Eleni , Abbott Penelope , Smith Kirsty , Li Wanqing , Anderson Neil , Thakur Chetan Singh , Borschmann Rohan 
Published: October 2024

IntroductionSelf-harm and suicide are major contributors to the global burden of disease and people in custodial settings are at a markedly increased risk of these adverse outcomes. Contactless monitoring technology is emerging as a possible solution to prevent self-harm and suicide by detecting and predicting vulnerabilities among people at increased risk in custodial settings in realtime, however no reviews to date have synthesized the evidence base, in the custodial context, regarding (a) the extent to which this technology has been implemented; and (b) the acceptability and feasibility of its application among custodial staff, specifically in relation to maintaining the wellbeing and safety of both incarcerated people and custodial professionals.Methods and analysisOur scoping review will be reported in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews guidelines. We searched key electronic health and social science databases (MEDLINE, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, ProQuest and Google Scholar) on 5 February 2024 for peer-reviewed studies, which report on the use of contactless monitoring in custodial settings. Any type of study design was eligible, and the publication format was not limited. We included quantitative peer-reviewed journal articles, all types of reviews (narrative, systematic and meta-analysis) and did not apply study eligibility restrictions on country of origin. We will also search grey literature. Inclusion of publications will be restricted to the English language.Ethics and disseminationThis review does not require institutional ethics review or approval as it is a review of studies that have already been granted relevant ethics approval. Our dissemination strategy includes a peer-reviewed publication and presentations at relevant national and international academic conferences. A plain language summary will be distributed through consumers and professional networks.
Photobiomodulation therapy to prevent oral mucositis and functional impairment in adult patients with haematological cancer undergoing haematopoietic stem cell transplantation: randomised trial protocol
Authors: López-Espinoza Tomas , Sacomori Cinara , Araya-Castro Paulina , Quintiliano-Scarpelli Daiana , Roldán Paola , Peña-Espinoza Mónica , de Rezende Laura Ferreira , López-Vidal Hernán 
Published: October 2024

IntroductionOral mucositis is a highly prevalent condition in individuals treated for haematological neoplasms, primarily during haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). The condition is known to delay recovery processes, increasing the risk of infection, the number of interventions and the length of hospital stays. The proposed Photobiomodulation Therapy for Oral Mucositis and Functional Impairment Transplantation Trial aims to assess the effectiveness and acceptability of using photobiomodulation in the oral cavity to prevent oral mucositis and functional impairment in adult patients undergoing HSCT.Methods and analysisThis is an assessor-blinded and statistician-blinded, parallel-group randomised controlled clinical trial (photobiomodulation vs control group). Participants and setting: 30 patients, aged 18–65 years, with haematological neoplasms undergoing HSCT at the Clínica Dávila Oncology and Bone Marrow Transplant Unit. Primary outcome measures: oral mucositis will be assessed daily using the WHO grading scale, beginning on the day of transplant through day 20 post-transplant. Researchers will assess functional capacity using a 2 min step test, handgrip strength with the Jamar digital dynamometer, lower limb strength using a 30’ sit-to-stand test and quality of life with the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Bone Marrow Transplantation Questionnaire. Acceptability will be assessed by logging treatment adherence and using a Visual Analogue Scale. Assessments will occur at two time points (1): on admission to the transplant unit, before starting the conditioning regimen and (2) on the day of discharge. Intervention: three times per week photobiomodulation therapy using a diode laser device will begin the first day of conditioning and continue through day 3 post-transplant.Ethics and disseminationThe Clínica Dávila and Universidad del Desarrollo Clinical Research Ethics Committees approved this study in accordance with the Helsinki Declaration. Patients’ informed consent will be required. The dissemination strategy includes publication in scientific journals as well as presentations in the media and at conferences.Trial registration numberNCT06260111.
Using artificial intelligence for bladder cancer detection during cystoscopy and its impact on clinical outcomes: a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Baana Mohamed , Arkwazi Murtada , Zhao Yi , Ofagbor Ojone , Bhardwaj Gaurika , Lami Mariam , Bolton Eva , Heer Rakesh 
Published: October 2024

IntroductionCystoscopy has revolutionised the process of diagnosing bladder cancer leading to better categorisation of risk levels and more precise treatment plans. Nonetheless, concerns arise about the lack of uniformity among observers in predicting tumour stage and grade. To address these concerns, artificial intelligence (AI) is being incorporated into clinical settings to aid in the analysis of diagnostic and therapeutic images. The subsequent report outlines a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol aimed at evaluating the effectiveness of AI in predicting bladder cancer based on cystoscopic images.Methods and analysisOur systematic search will use databases including PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase and Cochrane. The articles published between May 2015 and April 2024 will be eligible for inclusion. For articles to be considered, they must employ AI for analysis of cystoscopic images to identify bladder cancer, present original data and be written in English. The protocol adheres to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocol 2015 checklist. Quality and bias risk across chosen studies will be evaluated using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2 score.Ethics and disseminationEthical clearance will not be necessary for conducting this systematic review since results will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications and presentations at both national and international conferences.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42024528345.
Perceptions and experiences with two no-test direct-to-patient telehealth medication abortion regimens in the USA: an exploratory study with mifepristone and misoprostol and misoprostol-only regimens
Authors: Johnson Dana , Thompson Terri-Ann , Fix Laura , Jastaniah Ibtehal , Grant Melissa 
Published: October 2024

IntroductionTelehealth medication abortion (teleMAB) is an option for expanding abortion access in the USA. In this study, we compared the accessibility of two no-test, direct-to-patient teleMAB regimens: mifepristone and misoprostol, and misoprostol-only.Research design and methodsOver a 5-month period, we conducted an exploratory study surveying clients who received teleMAB services from an abortion clinic offering teleMAB. We calculated descriptive statistics focusing on the healthcare access dimensions of acceptability and accommodation. We conducted a content analysis of open-response comments focusing on convenience.ResultsOf the 218 clients in the study: 195 (89%) selected the mifepristone and misoprostol regimen and 23 (11%) selected the misoprostol-only regimen. Across all respondents, 88% reported they would use the service again if they needed an abortion in the future. Half of the respondents (52%) connected to the service using a smartphone, 99% owned the device that they used, 98% could easily hear and 99% could easily talk to the prescribing provider, and only 7% had a problem connecting to the service. Respondents felt that teleMAB was convenient because they had quality and trustworthy communications. It also accommodated their childcare needs, travel, and scheduling, felt private and comfortable, and facilitated a sense of reproductive autonomy.ConclusionsRespondents found both teleMAB regimens to be acceptable, technologically accommodating and convenient. These results have promising implications for states positioned to expand insurance coverage and reimbursement for teleMAB, including misoprostol-only regimens. Results also inform a need to focus on policies that expand access to teleMAB through nationwide internet connectivity.
Prevalence of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacterales and carbapenemase-resistant Enterobacterales in British military cohorts
Authors: Toriro Romeo , Pallett S J C , Nevin W , Ross TM , Hale I , Routledge M , Bennett C , Knott J , Burns DS , Edwards T , O'Shea MK , Fletcher TE , Beeching NJ , Woolley SD 
Published: October 2024

IntroductionTravel to resource-limited settings is a known risk for acquisition of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacterales (ESBL-PE) and carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE), which are both associated with increased morbidity and mortality. We investigated the ESBL-PE and CRE baseline prevalence in British service personnel (SP).MethodsSP provided faecal samples for research projects in several different settings, between September 2021 and April 2022. Bacterial colonies from faecal isolates were recovered from incubated ChromID ESBL plates (bioMérieux, Marcy-l'Étoile, France) and DNA extracted using Qiagen DNeasy extraction kits (Qiagen, UK). PCR to identify β-lactamase and CRE encoding genes was performed using the Rotor-Gene Q (RGQ) (Qiagen, UK), with positivity detected by RGQ software. Phenotypic assessment of antimicrobial susceptibility was not performed.ResultsOut of 250 personnel approached, 239 (85.5% men, median (IQR) age 31 (26–37) years) provided faecal samples suitable for analysis. The ESBL prevalence was 40/239 (16.7%), with ESBL-producingEscherichia colidetected in 39 (16.3%) samples and ESBL-producingKlebsiella pneumoniaein 1 (0.4%) sample. Combinations including Temoniera, sulfhydryl reagent variable (SHV), cefotaxime hydrolysing β-lactamase (Munich) (CTX-M) 1 and CTX-M 9 genes were detected in 18 (7.5%), 33 (13.8%) 16 (6.7%) and 8 (3.3%) samples, respectively.E. colisamples had mixtures of all four genotypes with SHV predominating. One (0.4%) sample carried all four gene types and the onlyK. pneumoniaesample carried a single SHV gene. No CRE were detected.ConclusionsThe prevalence of ESBL-PE in cohorts of SP closely matches that of civilian populations in England; however, we noted differences in ESBL genotype distribution. Potential exposure risks for SP from international travel and occupational trauma emphasise the need for repeated surveillance to characterise and detect changes in acquisition epidemiology and carriage of ESBL. Such prospective data have important antimicrobial stewardship implications in optimising clinical outcomes, controlling resistance and guiding empirical antibiotic formulary policy recommendations.
MRI genicular nerve mapping: a novel approach to sagittal genicular nerve localization
Authors: Hillery Terence , Hill Hannah , Imka Emily , Di Lorenzo David , van Acker Gustaf , Kim Chong 
Published: October 2024

Background and objectivesChronic knee pain, including postarthroplasty knee pain, is a major cause of morbidity. Radiofrequency ablation of genicular nerve branches is a treatment option. The literature to date has demonstrated and recommended consistent rhizotomy targets in the coronal and axial position of the three primary genicular nerve branches (superomedial genicular nerve, superolateral genicular nerve, inferomedial genicular nerve). The debate on genicular nerve positions focuses on the anterior-posterior courses of the nerve branches.MethodsThe sagittal positions of the three primary genicular neurovascular bundles were measured in 28 consecutive knee MRI and described relative to the total anterior-posterior depth of the bony cortex. Standard radiofrequency capture radius at the classic rhizotomy targets sites was compared with identified nerve position to report proportion of observed nerves within the capture radius.ResultsThe genicular neurovascular bundles were found further posterior than classic landmark targets. Proportion of visualized nerve branches captured by classic rhizotomy target radius varied by genicular nerve branch.ConclusionsThis study supports updated guidance on genicular rhizotomy targets. Nerve localization studies using MRI data may be a promising avenue in future nerve localization research pertinent to rhizotomy.
Baseline and 2-year differences in spinal symptoms and spinal and hip mobility in early axial spondyloarthritis and non-axial spondyloarthritis chronic back pain patients
Authors: Bento da Silva Ana , Ramiro Sofia , van Lunteren Miranda , Marques Mary Lucy , van de Sande Marleen , Fongen Camilla , Exarchou Sofia , Ramonda Roberta , van der Heijde Désirée , van Gaalen Floris A 
Published: October 2024

ObjectiveTo compare spinal symptoms and spinal/hip mobility at baseline and 2 years in early axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) and non-axSpA chronic back pain (BP) patients.MethodsBaseline and 2 years data of the SPondyloarthritis Caught Early cohort were analysed. Outcomes assessed: overall BP, BP at night, morning stiffness (MS) intensity, MS duration, occiput-to-wall distance (OWD), cervical rotation, chest expansion, lateral spinal flexion (LSF), modified Schober test (mSchober), intermalleolar distance (IMD) and Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Metrology Index (BASMI). Linear or zero-inflated negative binomial regression was used to compare 2 years outcomes between groups (adjusting for baseline value, sex, age and use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs).ResultsThere were 294 axSpA and 123 non-axSpA patients (mean symptom duration: 13 months). At baseline, non-axSpA patients had worse symptoms and mobility, except OWD (eg, mean(SD): BP at night 3.6 (2.9) axSpA vs 4.6 (2.7) non-axSpA; OWD 0.5 (1.2) vs 0.1 (0.7)). After 2 years, all symptoms and cervical rotation significantly improved in both groups, but LSF and mSchober only in axSpA. In multivariable analyses, axSpA was associated with larger improvements in BP at night (β (95% CI): −0.85 (−1.47; −0.23)), mSchober (0.26 (0.03; 0.50)), IMD (4.86 (1.93; 7.80)) and BASMI (−0.24 (−0.41; −0.08)), and with lower likelihood of a normal OWD (OR (95% CI): 0.09 (0.01; 0.83)).ConclusionOver 2 years, all spinal symptoms and some mobility measures improved in both groups, but impairments remained prevalent (particularly in non-axSpA). Nevertheless, axSpA was associated with larger improvements in BP at night, mSchober, IMD and BASMI, but with more OWD impairment.
Disease response in rheumatoid arthritis across four biologic therapies associates with improvement in paraoxonase-1 activity and oxylipins
Authors: Razmjou Amir A , Kremer Joel M , Pappas Dimitrios A , Curtis Jeffrey R , Wang Jennifer , Shahbazian Ani , Elashoff David A , Guo Rong , Meriwether David , Sulaiman Dawoud , O'Connor Ellen , Reddy Srinivasa T , Charles-Schoeman Christina 
Published: October 2024

ObjectiveParaoxonase-1 (PON1) is a high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-associated enzyme, that has been implicated as a biomarker of cardiovascular risk in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We aimed to investigate how different biologic therapies affect levels of PON1 and oxylipins.Methods1213 adult patients with RA in the Comparative Effectiveness Registry to study Therapies for Arthritis and Inflammatory CoNditions cohort study with moderate-to-high disease activity (Clinical Disease Activity Index (CDAI) >10) who initiated a new biologic (tocilizumab (TCZ), n=296; abatacept, n=374; tumour necrosis factor inhibitors, n=427; rituximab, n=116) were followed prospectively with serum specimens analysed for PON1 activity by arylesterase (ARYL), lactonase (LAC) and PON assays at baseline and after 6 months of biologic therapy. A targeted panel of oxylipins was evaluated by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry in a subset of patients with the lowest and highest 6-month Disease Activity Score 28 (DAS28)-C reactive protein (CRP) responses in each treatment group.ResultsPON1 activity generally increased in the entire cohort after 6 months of new biologic therapy, showing the greatest, most consistent increases in the TCZ group. Increases in all three PON1 domains associated with significant decreases in disease activity in DAS28-CRP/CDAI (p<0.05), and increases in LAC/ARYL were significantly associated with the American College of Rheumatology 20/50/70 responses (OR (95% CI) of 1.12 (1.04, 1.22) and 1.13 (1.04, 1.23), p<0.01, respectively), after controlling for other RA disease characteristics. Some oxylipins, including 12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid correlated with RA disease activity measures.ConclusionImprovement in disease activity across four classes of biologics is associated with enhanced PON1 activity, which has significant implications for cardiovascular safety.
Heart rate variability and insomnia in depressed patients with breast cancer
Authors: Zhang Qianqian , Yu Sheng , Tang Lingxue , Li Wen , Yao Senbang , Chai Jiaying , Li Anlong , Jia Yingxue , Huang Runze , Cheng Huaidong 
Published: October 2024

ObjectivesDepression is associated with unhealthy autonomic regulation. However, whether patients with breast cancer (BC) with different degrees of depression can be identified from linear and non-linear dynamics in the autonomic nervous system is unclear. We aimed to evaluate the differences in linear and non-linear heart rate variability (HRV) parameters in patients with BC with different degrees of depression and the relationship between HRV parameters and depression and sleep disorders.MethodsA total of 115 patients with BC were enrolled. According to their Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) scores, the patients were divided into a non-depressed group, a mildly depressed group and a moderately to severely depressed group. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), HRV, linear index (including time and frequency domains) and non-linear index (including Poincare plot, approximate entropy (ApEn) and short-term fluctuation slope (DFAα1)) were evaluated.ResultsCompared with patients without depssion, patients with mild depression and moderate-to-severe depression had significant differences in the time domain, frequency domain index, the SD perpendicular to the line-of-identity (SD1) and DFAα1 of non-linear HRV and sleep quality. SDS and PSQI scores were correlated with HRV parameters.ConclusionsThe severity of depression in patients with BC is associated with reduced variability, complexity of cardiac dynamics and sleep disturbance.
Key Performance Indicators of Secondary Health Care in Chronic Kidney Disease: Experience in Public and Private Services in the State of São Paulo, Brazil
Authors: Samaan Farid , Vicente Cristiane Akemi , Pais Luiz Antônio Coutinho , Kirsztajn Gianna Mastroianni , Sesso Ricardo 
Published: October 2024

Introduction: The objective of this study was to evaluate quality indicators of secondary health care in chronic kidney disease (CKD).Methods: This retrospective longitudinal study was conducted in an outpatient medical nephrology clinic of the Brazilian Unified Health System (UHS) and a multidisciplinary outpatient clinic of a private health plan (PHP). The inclusion criteria were age ≥ 18 years, ≥ 3 medical appointments, and follow‐up time ≥ 6 months.Results: Compared to PHP patients (n = 183), UHS patients (n = 276) were older (63.4 vs. 59.7 years, p = 0.04), had more arterial hypertension (AH) (91.7% vs. 84.7%, p = 0.02) and dyslipidemia (58.3 vs. 38.3%, p < 0.01), and had a lower estimated baseline glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) (29.9 [21.5–42.0] vs. 39.1 [28.6–54.8] mL/min/1.73 m2, p < 0.01). Compared to PHP patients, UHS patients had a lower percentage of diabetics with glycated hemoglobin < 7.5% (46.1% vs. 61.2%, p = 0.03), fewer people with potassium < 5.5 mEq/L (90.4% vs. 95.6%, p = 0.04), and fewer referrals for hemodialysis with functioning arteriovenous fistula (AVF) (9.1% vs. 54.3%, p < 0.01). The percentages of people with hypertension and blood pressure < 140 × 90 mmHg were similar between the UHS and PHP groups (59.7% vs. 66.7%; p = 0.17), as was the percentage of people with parathyroid hormone control (85.6% vs. 84.8%; p = 0.83), dyslipidemia and LDL‐cholesterol < 100 mg/dL (38.3% vs. 49.3%; p = 0.13), phosphorus < 4.5 mg/dL (78.5% vs. 72.0%; p = 0.16), and 25‐OH‐vitamin‐D > 30 ng/mL (28.4% vs. 36.5%; p = 0.11). The crude reduction in eGFR was greater in the UHS group than in PHP (2.3 [−0.1; 5.9] vs. 1.1 [−1.9; 4.6] mL/min/1.73 m2; p < 0.01). In the multivariate linear mixed‐effects model, UHS patients also showed faster CKD progression over time than PHS ones (group effect, p < 0.01; time effect, p < 0.01; interaction, p < 0.01).Conclusions: Quality of care for patients with CKD can be improved through both services, and multidisciplinary care may have a positive impact on the control of comorbidities, the progression of CKD, and the planning of the initiation of hemodialysis.
Analysis of Specific IgE Distribution Characteristics of Dust Mite Allergen Components in Patients With Atopic Dermatitis
Authors: Cui Zixing , Fang Ling , Sun Min , Liu Juan , Guo Hua 
Published: October 2024

Objective: To investigate the distribution characteristics of specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) to dust mite components in patients with atopic dermatitis (AD), aiming to provide a reference basis for the development of microarray protein chips for allergen component discrimination diagnosis and personalized desensitization therapy.Methods: A total of 55 patients who visited Huishan District People’s Hospital of Wuxi City, Xishan People’s Hospital of Wuxi City, and People’s Hospital of Wuxi City from January 2023 to December 2023 were selected. The results of serum total IgE (total IgE) and specific IgE detection were analyzed.Results: Among the 55 patients, 54 (98.2%) were positive (cutoff value > 0.35 Ua/mL, the normal value for serum total IgE is under 150–400 IU/mL) for serum total IgE antibodies, 52 (94.6%) were positive for Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Dp)–specific IgE antibodies, and 50 (90.9%) were positive for Dermatophagoides farinae (Df)–specific IgE antibodies. The protein chip results were consistent with the existing Phadia detection results.Conclusion: The development of chips based on CRD (component‐resolved diagnosis) cannot only rely on IgE binding rate to assist in precise treatment of patients but also choose personalized desensitization therapy, providing more practical recommendations for preventing cross‐allergy, avoiding allergic environments, or ingesting sensitizing foods for susceptible individuals.