bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Study on the Reactions of SeO2 with Pyrroles and N‐Substituted Indoles in Non‐Anhydrous Ethanol under Non‐Inert Atmosphere
Authors: Talukdar Ranadeep 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe reactions of SeO2 with a wide range of differently functionalized N‐protected indoles and pyrroles were studied in a “green” approach. The reactions occurred smoothly in ethanol at room temperature to afford 3,3′‐diindolyl and 2,2′‐dipyrrolyl selenides without any need of inert conditions.
Synergistic Activities in the Ullmann Coupling of Chloroarenes at Ambient Temperature by Pd‐Supported Calcined Ferrocenated La2O3
Authors: Chumkaeo Peerapong , Poonsawat Thinnaphat , Meechai Titiya , Somsook Ekasith 
Published: November 2018

Novel palladium‐doped nanoparticles have been explored to serve as the first metal oxide‐derived heterogeneous catalyst for Ullmann reaction of chloroarenes under mild condition (34 °C). This heterogeneous catalyst exhibited high catalytic activity towards the Ullmann homocoupling of chloroarenes into a series of useful symmetrically biaryl products with good to excellent yields in the presence of ethanol and NaOH, thereby leading to green and economical Ullmann reaction. The produced nanoparticles were successfully characterized by various techniques including PXRD, XPS, HRTEM, SEM‐EDS, BET, TGA techniques, elemental mapping analysis and ICP‐OES. Interestingly, based on characterization and experimental data, a reasonable mechanism has been proposed. Also, the formation of aryl methyl ketone as a by‐product has been further confirmed by isotopic labelling experiments that the acetyl moiety is derived from ethanol. Moreover, the catalyst was stable and could be easily reused up to 5 times under atmospheric air without suffering significant loss in catalytic activity.
Behavioral fluency and mathematics intervention research: A review of the last 20 years
Authors: Stocker James D. , Schwartz Rachel , Kubina Richard M. , Kostewicz Douglas , Kozloff Martin 
Published: November 2018

Behavioral fluency refers to the relationship between the achievement of performance standards, or frequency ranges of behavior, and critical learning outcomes. Over the past 20 years, Precision Teaching and related research have contributed a number of studies examining behavioral fluency. The subsequent review investigates the empirical evidence from mathematics intervention research. Several studies suggest numerical markers that best support behavioral fluency. Results indicate that fluency interventions set to performance standards increased behavioral fluency and associated critical learning outcomes; however, more research is warranted to operationalize and standardize each outcome to the principles of behavior and numerical markers that constitute behavioral fluency.
Squamous cell carcinoma of the rectum: Practice trends and patient survival
Authors: Dutta Sunil W. , Alonso Clayton E. , Waddle Mark R. , Khandelwal Shiv R. , Janowski Einsley‐Marie , Trifiletti Daniel M. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractPurposeLeverage the National Cancer Database (NCDB) to evaluate trends in management of nonmetastatic squamous cell cancer (SCC) of the rectum and their effect on survival for this uncommon tumor.Methods and MaterialsRetrospective data was obtained from the NCDB for patients diagnosed with SCC of the rectum between 2004 and 2014, including cT1‐4, cN0‐2, cM0 tumors (cohort A, n = 2296). A subgroup analysis was performed on locally advanced tumors (cT1‐T2, N+ or cT3, N any, subcohort B, n = 883), treated with chemoradiation (n = 706) or trimodality therapy (n = 177) including chemotherapy, radiation, and surgery. Pathological complete response rate following neoadjuvant therapy was obtained. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to generate hazard ratios (HR) investigating factors associated with overall survival. Kaplan‐Meier (K‐M) method was used to estimate overall surviving proportion at 5 and 10 years.ResultsThe K‐M estimated 5 and 10 year overall survival for stage I disease was 71.3% and 57.8%, respectively; stage II disease was 57.0% and 38.9%, respectively; stage III disease was 57.8% and 41.5%, respectively. On multivariate analysis, higher cT category (P < 0.001) resulted in worse survival. For locally advanced tumors (subcohort B), there was no significant difference in survival between chemoradiation alone compared to trimodality therapy (P = 0.909 on multivariate analysis).ConclusionsMost providers manage locally advanced SCC of the rectum similar to anal cancer, which results in equivalent overall survival and spares patients from the additional morbidity associated with surgical resection.
Fatal right‐sided heart failure due to leukostasis in a patient with leukemic transformation of myelodysplastic syndrome
Authors: Pryds Kasper , Rasmussen Lars E. , Andersen Niels H. 
Published: November 2018

Key Clinical MessageWe document leukostasis leading to acute fatal right‐sided heart failure. In patients presenting with leukostasis and cardiopulmonary symptoms, clinicians should aim to assess for cardiac involvement, that is, by ECG and acute echocardiogram, since early recognition of right ventricular disease may provide an opportunity to treat this potentially reversible condition.
Pyrene‐Tagged Chloro Oximes as Ambient‐Light‐Accelerated Ligation Agents
Authors: Offenloch Janin T. , Bastian Simon , Mutlu Hatice , Barner‐Kowollik Christopher 
Published: November 2018

AbstractWe demonstrate how a normally base‐induced or transition‐metal‐catalyzed cycloaddition reaction can be executed without additives by equipping the reactant with a chromophore as a light‐harvesting unit, able to exploit light to boost the reaction. Specifically, we generate a highly reactive nitrile oxide upon light irradiation which is able to undergo cycloaddition reactions with a wide range of substrates by introducing a pyrene unit into the oxime precursor. Commercially available LED setups, and even ambient light, were successfully employed to induce the cycloaddition. Our approach demonstrates that the careful design of light‐harvesting chromophores can be a powerful tool to facilitate light‐induced chemical transformations.
Same but different–Scale up and numbering up in electrobiotechnology and photobiotechnology
Authors: Enzmann Franziska , Stöckl Markus , Zeng An‐Ping , Holtmann Dirk 
Published: November 2018

AbstractFacing energy problems, there is a strong demand for new technologies dealing with the replacement of fossil fuels. The emerging fields of biotechnology, photobiotechnology and electrobiotechnology, offer solutions for the production of fuels, energy, or chemicals using renewable energy sources (light or electrical current e.g. produced by wind or solar power) or organic (waste) substrates. From an engineering point of view both technologies have analogies and some similar challenges, since both light and electron transfer are primarily surface‐dependent. In contrast to that, bioproduction processes are typically volume dependent. To allow large scale and industrially relevant applications of photobiotechnology and electrobiotechnology, this opinion first gives an overview over the current scales reached in these areas. We then try to point out the challenges and possible methods for the scale up or numbering up of the reactors used. It is shown that the field of photobiotechnology is by now much more advanced than electrobiotechnology and has achieved industrial applications in some cases. We argue that transferring knowledge from photobiotechnology to electrobiotechnology can speed up the development of the emerging field of electrobiotechnology. We believe that a combination of scale up and numbering up, as it has been shown for several photobiotechnological reactors, may well lead to industrially relevant scales in electrobiotechnological processes allowing an industrial application of the technology in near future.
The MaRIUS‐G2G datasets: Grid‐to‐Grid model estimates of flow and soil moisture for Great Britain using observed and climate model driving data
Authors: Bell Victoria A. , Kay Alison L. , Rudd Alison C. , Davies Helen N. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe MaRIUS‐G2G datasets were produced for the MaRIUS (Managing the Risks, Impacts and Uncertainties of drought and water Scarcity) project, using the Grid‐to‐Grid (G2G) national‐scale hydrological model for Great Britain. There are six separate datasets, with each of three combinations of meteorological driving data (two observation‐based and one from climate model ensembles) used to produce two types of outputs (daily time‐series of natural river flow for 260 sites, and monthly 1 × 1 km grids of natural flow and soil moisture in the unsaturated zone). The driving data required by G2G are rainfall and potential evaporation (PE). Two of the datasets from observation‐based driving data use rainfall from CEH‐GEAR (CEH‐Gridded Estimates of Areal Rainfall) with PE from MORECS (Met Office Rainfall and Evaporation Calculation System), and cover the period 1960–2015, while the other two use CEH‐GEAR rainfall with PE derived from 5 km temperature data using the Oudin method, and cover 1891–2015. The two datasets based on driving data (rainfall and PE) from the climate model ensembles cover three periods: Historical Baseline (1900–2006), Near‐Future (2020–2049), and Far‐Future (2070–2099). Data for a 30‐year Baseline period (1975–2004), against which the Near‐Future and Far‐Future periods should be compared, are also available directly. There are 100 members in each ensemble, and the future periods use the RCP8.5 emissions scenario. This paper provides details of the G2G model and the different sets of meteorological driving data, as well as the availability and formatting of the output datasets. It also describes some recent and potential applications of the datasets, which have already been used to support historical and future analyses of low flow and drought characteristics across Britain, and provides some guidance on how the climate model‐driven datasets should (and should not) be used.Open PracticesThis article has earned an Open Data badge for making publicly available the digitally‐shareable data necessary to reproduce the reported results. The data is available at DOI 10.5285/5f3c1a02-d5c4-4faa-9353-e8b68ce2ace2. Learn more about the Open Practices badges from the Center for Open Science: https://osf.io/tvyxz/wiki.
Shipboard automated meteorological and oceanographic system data archive: 2005–2017
Authors: Smith Shawn R. , Briggs Kristen , Bourassa Mark A. , Elya Jocelyn , Paver Christopher R. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractSince 2005, the Shipboard Automated Meteorological and Oceanographic System (SAMOS) initiative has been collecting, quality‐evaluating, distributing, and archiving underway navigational, meteorological, and oceanographic observations from research vessels. Herein we describe the procedures for acquiring ship and instrumental metadata and the one‐minute interval observations from 44 research vessels that have contributed to the SAMOS initiative from 2005 to 2017. The overall data processing workflow and quality control procedures are documented along with data file formats and version control procedures. The SAMOS data are disseminated to the user community via web, FTP, and Thematic Real‐time Environmental Distributed Data Services from both the Marine Data Center at the Florida State University and the National Centers for Environmental Information, which serves as the long‐term archive for the SAMOS initiative. They have been used to address topics ranging from air‐sea interaction studies, the calibration, evaluation, and development of satellite observational products, the evaluation of numerical atmospheric and ocean models, and the development of new tools and techniques for geospatial data analysis in the informatics community. Maps provide users the geospatial coverage within the SAMOS dataset, with a focus on the Essential Climate/Ocean Variables, and recommendations are made regarding which versions of the dataset should be accessed by different user communities.Open PracticesThis article has earned an Open Data badge for making publicly available the digitally‐shareable data necessary to reproduce the reported results. The data is available at http://dx.doi.org/10.7289/V5QJ7F8R. Learn more about the Open Practices badges from the Center for Open Science: https://osf.io/tvyxz/wiki.
Unique role for dentate gyrus microglia in neuroblast survival and in VEGF‐induced activation
Authors: Kreisel Tirzah , Wolf Brachi , Keshet Eli , Licht Tamar 
Published: November 2018

AbstractNeurogenic roles of microglia (MG) are thought to include an active role in adult hippocampal neurogenesis in addition to their established roles in pruning surplus dendrites and clearing dead neuroblasts. However, identification of such a role and its delineation in the neurogenic cascade is yet to be established. Using diphtheria toxin‐aided MG ablation, we show that MG reduction in the DG—the site where neuronal stem cells (NSCs) reside—is sufficient to impede overall hippocampal neurogenesis due to reduced survival of newly formed neuroblasts. To examine whether MG residing in the hippocampal neurogenic zone are inherently different from MG residing elsewhere in the hippocampus, we compared growth factor responsiveness of DG MG with that of CA1 MG. Strikingly, transgenic induction of the potent neurogenic factor VEGF elicited robust on‐site MG expansion and activation exclusively in the DG and despite eliciting a comparable angiogenic response in the CA1 and elsewhere. Temporally, DG‐specific MG expansion preceded both angiogenic and neurogenic responses. Remarkably, even partial MG reduction during the process of VEGF‐induced neurogenesis led to reducing the number of newly formed neuroblasts to the basal level. Transcriptomic analysis of MG retrieved from the naïve DG and CA1 uncovered a set of genes preferentially expressed in DG MG. Notably the tyrosine kinase Axl is exclusively expressed in naïve and VEGF‐induced DG MG and its inhibition prevented neurogenesis augmentation by VEGF. Taken together, findings uncover inherent unique properties of DG MG of supporting both basal‐ and VEGF‐induced adult hippocampal neurogenesis.
Gamma Knife radiosurgery for glomus tumors: Long‐term results in a series of 30 patients
Authors: Spina Alfio , Boari Nicola , Gagliardi Filippo , Bailo Michele , Del Vecchio Antonella , Bolognesi Angelo , Mortini Pietro 
Published: November 2018

AbstractBackgroundGlomus tumors are rare and benign hypervascular tumors. Surgery represented the mainstay of their treatment, even if it has been associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. Recently, the treatment shifted to a multimodal approach and Gamma Knife radiosurgery represents one of the treatment options.MethodsAuthors retrospectively analyzed the clinical and radiological outcome of a series of patients who underwent Gamma Knife radiosurgery for glomus tumors.ResultsThirty patients underwent Gamma Knife radiosurgery. Mean tumor volume was 7.69 cc (range 0.36‐24.6). Mean tumor margin dose was 16 Gy (range 13‐18). Median follow‐up was of 91 months (mean 90; range 11‐172). Overall clinical control rate was 100%; overall volumetric tumor control rate was 96.6%. Patients' and tumors' characteristics, treatment data, and outcome have been analyzed.ConclusionGamma Knife radiosurgery represents a safe and effective treatment for glomus tumors. Longer follow‐up and larger cohort studies are needed to definitively outline the role of Gamma Knife radiosurgery for glomus tumors.
Priming of LTP in amygdala and hippocampus by prior paired pulse facilitation paradigm in mice lacking brain serotonin
Authors: Gebhardt Christine , Mosienko Valentina , Alenina Natalia , Albrecht Doris 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThis study focuses on analyzing long‐term potentiation (LTP) changes in the lateral nucleus of the amygdala (LA) and in the CA1 region of the hippocampus in slices derived from mice deficient in tryptophan hydroxylase 2 (TPH2−/−), the rate‐limiting enzyme for 5‐HT synthesis in the brain. We found a reduced LTP in both brain structures in TPH2−/− mice. However, we found no changes in the magnitude of LTP in TPH2−/− mice compared to wildtype mice when it was preceded by a paired pulse protocol. Whereas the magnitude of long‐term depression (LTD) did not differ between wildtype and TPH2−/− mice, priming synapses by LTD‐induction facilitated subsequent CA1‐LTP in wildtype mice to a greater extent than in TPH2−/− mice. In the LA we found no differences between the genotypes in this protocol of metaplasticity. These data show that, unlike exogenous 5‐HT application, lack of 5‐HT in the brain impairs cellular mechanisms responsible for induction of LTP. It is supposed that suppression of LTP observed in TPH2−/− mice might be compensated by mechanisms of metaplasticity induced by paired pulse stimulation or low frequency stimulation before the induction of LTP.
Radiological evaluation of kyphoplasty with an intravertebral expander after osteoporotic vertebral fracture
Authors: Arabmotlagh Mohammad , Nikoleiski Sabrina C. , Schmidt Sven , Rauschmann Michael , Rickert Marcus , Fleege Christoph 
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACTSpinal deformities due to osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures can be reduced by balloon kyphoplasty, but the correction may be partly lost when the balloon is deflated. The present study aimed to evaluate an intravertebral expander developed to reduce and maintain vertebral body height while cement is injected to correct spinal deformities due to osteoporotic vertebral fractures. The study included 31 osteoporotic vertebral body fractures in 31 patients, classified as A1 according to the AO classification, who underwent kyphoplasty using an intravertebral expander. The kyphosis angle was significantly corrected from 13.4 degrees prior to kyphoplasty to 10.8 degrees (p < 0.01) after surgery, but this correction was lost at 12 months (13.3 degrees). The correction of the kyphosis angle best correlated with the pre‐operative mobility of the fracture (r = 0.59, p < 0.01), and the loss of the kyphosis improvement correlated with the amount of correction (r = 0.49, p = 0.01). All patients, except for six with adjacent vertebral fractures, experienced significant pain reduction (VAS 8.7 pre‐operatively and 2.0 at 12 months; p < 0.01), and the pain was not affected by the correction of the spinal deformity or the loss of correction in the follow‐up period. These results suggest that the mobility of the fracture mainly determines the extent of deformity correction rather the device used for reduction, and greater corrections are at increased risk for losing the improvement. © 2018 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 37:457–465, 2019.
Airway anomalies in patients with craniosynostosis
Authors: Mathews Fasil , Shaffer Amber D. , Georg Matthew W. , Ford Matthew D. , Goldstein Jesse A. , Jabbour Noel , Simons Jeffrey P. 
Published: November 2018

Objectives1) Characterize the spectrum of airway anomalies in patients with craniosynostosis, and 2) identify clinical characteristics of these patients that may be associated with the development of airway anomalies.MethodsThis study is a retrospective case series assessing the type and frequency of airway anomalies in all patients with craniosynostosis seen at a tertiary‐care children's hospital between 2000 and 2016. Cohort analyses were then performed to identify differences in airway anomalies dependent on syndromic associations, multisutural fusion, and location of suture fusion. Clinical characteristics examined included demographics and additional neurologic and craniofacial abnormalities.ResultsFour hundred and ninety‐six patients with craniosynostosis (83.5% white, 64.5% male; 33.9% sagittal, 28.8% metopic, 11.5% coronal, 1.2% lambdoid, and 24.6% multisutural) were included. Notable airway anomalies included the following: 13.3% adenotonsillar hypertrophy, 8.9% laryngomalacia, 7.3% tracheomalacia, 7.1% subglottic stenosis, 4.0% bronchomalacia, 3.8% laryngeal cleft, and 1.2% vocal fold paresis. Multisutural craniosynostosis patients (n = 122) were more likely to have obstructive sleep apnea (P = 0.005), adenotonsillar hypertrophy (P = 0.014), tracheomalacia (P = 0.011), subglottic stenosis (P < 0.001), and epiglottic/base of tongue collapse (P = 0.003) and require tracheostomy (P = 0.001) and mechanical ventilation (P = 0.017) compared with single suture craniosynostosis. Syndromic craniosynostosis patients (n = 33) were more likely to have obstructive sleep apnea (P < 0.001), laryngomalacia (P = 0.047), and subglottic stenosis (P = 0.009) compared with nonsyndromic patients.ConclusionAirway anomalies are prevalent in patients with craniosynostosis; patients with multisutural or syndromic types have an increased risk of developing certain abnormalities. There should be a lower threshold for referral for airway evaluation in these populations.Level of Evidence4. Laryngoscope, 129:2594–2602, 2019
A remark on pseudo proof systems and hard instances of the satisfiability problem
Authors: Maly Jan , Müller Moritz 
Published: November 2018

AbstractWe link two concepts from the literature, namely hard sequences for the satisfiability problem sat and so‐called pseudo proof systems proposed for study by Krajíček. Pseudo proof systems are elements of a particular nonstandard model constructed by forcing with random variables. We show that the existence of mad
pseudo proof systems is equivalent to the existence of a randomized polynomial time procedure with a highly restrictive use of randomness which produces satisfiable formulas whose satisfying assignments are probably hard to find.
Automated Synthesis Protocol of Sequence‐Defined Oligo‐Urethane‐Amides Using Thiolactone Chemistry
Authors: Holloway Joshua O. , Mertens Chiel , Du Prez Filip E. , Badi Nezha 
Published: November 2018

AbstractAn automated, iterative protocol for the synthesis of multifunctional, sequence‐defined oligo‐urethane‐amides using thiolactone chemistry is reported. Here, sequenced functionalization of the backbone is easily introduced using commercially available primary amines. The chemistry is carried out on solid phase using different supports for better optimization of the synthetic protocol and in order to demonstrate the versatility of the approach. This technique is very effective for iterative synthesis and solid‐phase chemistry and enables the exploration of full automation of this approach using a robotic peptide synthesizer. As a result, this automated protocol allows for the synthesis of a sequence‐defined nonamer of high purity.
A two‐scale FE‐FFT approach to nonlinear magneto‐elasticity
Authors: Rambausek Matthias , Göküzüm Felix Selim , Nguyen Lu Trong Khiem , Keip Marc‐André 
Published: November 2018

SummaryFourier‐based approaches are a well‐established class of methods for the theoretical and computational characterization of microheterogeneous materials. Driven by the advent of computational homogenization techniques, Fourier schemes gained additional momentum over the past decade. In recent contributions, the interpretation of Green operators central to Fourier solvers as projections opened up a new perspective. Based on such a viewpoint, the present work addresses a multiscale framework for magneto‐mechanically coupled materials at finite strains. The key ingredient for the solution of magneto‐mechanic boundary value problems at the microscale is the construction of suitable operators in Fourier space that project vector fields onto either curl‐free or divergence‐free subspaces. The resulting linear system of equations is solved by a conjugate gradient method. In addition to that, we describe the computation of the consistent macroscopic tangent operator based on the same linear operators as the microscopic equilibrium with appropriately defined right‐hand sides. We employ the framework for the simulation of representative two‐scale boundary value problems and compare the results with pure finite element schemes.