bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unveiling the Bioactive Phytochemicals of Momordica charantia Leaves and Their Antibacterial Effects
Authors: Giwa Muhammad Shehu , Ibrahim Basira , Musa Fatima , Abdallah Emad M. 
Published: December 2024

Article
Unveiling the Bioactive Phytochemicals of Momordica charantia Leaves and Their Antibacterial Effects

Muhammad Shehu Giwa 1, Basira Ibrahim 1, Fatima Musa 1 and Emad M. Abdallah 2,3,*

1 Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, College of Science, Computing and Engineering, Kaduna State University, 800283 Kaduna, Nigeria
2 Department of Biology, College of Science, Qassim University, Qassim 51452, Saudi Arabia
3 Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, INTI International University, Persiaran Perdana BBN, Putra Nilai, 71800 Nilai, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia.
* Correspondence: emad100sdl@yahoo.com

Received: 21 September 2024; Revised: 9 October 2024; Accepted: 11 October 2024; Published: 16 October 2024

Abstract: Momordica charantia is widely cultivated in Zaria, Nigeria, and holds a prominent place in traditional medicine. Its leaves, fruits, and seeds are known to be rich in bioactive compounds and are commonly employed to treat various infections and diseases. This study aimed to investigate the bioactive components and antibacterial properties of methanolic leaf extracts and their fractions. Phytochemical analysis of the methanolic extract revealed the presence of alkaloids, saponins, flavonoids, glycosides, tannins, steroids, and terpenoids. The methanolic extract was fractionated into n-butanol, ethyl acetate, and chloroform fractions. The methanolic extract exhibited superior antibacterial activity compared to its fractions, suggesting potential synergistic effects among the plant’s constituents. Antibacterial efficacy was evaluated using well-diffusion, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) assays. Salmonella typhi was the most susceptible bacterium, with zones of inhibition of 25.00 ± 0.10 mm, MIC of 12.5 ± 0.82 mg/mL, and MBC of 50 ± 0.22 mg/mL. This was followed by Escherichia coli (18.77 ± 0.25 mm, MIC: 50 ± 0.53 mg/mL, MBC: 100 ± 0.82 mg/mL) and Staphylococcus aureus (14.13 ± 0.91 mm, MIC: 50 ± 0.23 mg/mL, MBC: 100 ± 0.48 mg/mL). Among the fractions, the n-butanol fraction demonstrated the highest antibacterial activity. Subsequent analysis of this fraction using GC-MS identified key compounds, including 2-pentanone, 4-hydroxy-4-methyl-, n-amyl isovalerate, 2(5H)-furanone, 3,5,5-trimethyl-, furan, tetrahydro-2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-, and 3-tetradecanol acetate. In conclusion, the methanolic extract followed by n-butanol fraction of M. charantia exhibited significant antibacterial activity, particularly against Gram-negative bacteria such as S. typhi and E. coli. Further research is recommended to isolate and characterize the bioactive compounds responsible for this activity.
A prática pedagógica do professor iniciante frente aos desafios do ensino remoto durante a pandemia de COVID-19
Authors: Lima Maria Divina Ferreira , Bezerra Luzenir Medeiros , Silva Júnior Dilmar Rodrigues da 
Published: December 2024

A prática pedagógica é considerada um dos fundamentos para o exercício docente, configurando-se na intencionalidade da ação, para além do processo de ensino e aprendizagem, a dinâmica atual exige saberes que o professor precisa para lidar com os desafios do ensino remoto Em decorrência da crise sanitária da Pandemia de Covid-19, as instituições mudaram seus itinerários, de modo a dar continuidade com os seus serviços, mesmo com tantas fragilidades; assim, escolas, hospitais, serviços socioassistenciais, orgãos jurídicos e vários outros precisaram elaborar estratégias para que esses serviços fossem de melhor maneira possível e evitasse a disseminação do vírus. O objetivo geral se constitui em analisar a prática pedagógica do professor iniciante com desafios do ensino remoto. Tem a seguinte questão-problema: quais os desafios da prática pedagógica do professor iniciante no ensino remoto? A pesquisa é de cunho bibliográfica, tendo por base os fundamentos teóricos e metodológicos em autores como: Nono (2011), Huberman (2013), Pimenta (2018), e Tardif (2014), dentre outros que colaboram para uma melhor compreensão do objeto. As leituras e estudos realizados para a escrita deste artigo, buscou-se o aprofundamento da compreensão deste processo de reconstrução e/ou reinvenção da prática pedagógica do professor iniciante mediante a realidade pandêmica de COVID-19 que assola a humanidade nos tempos atuais e que possibilitou concluir que a dinâmica do ensino remoto, que precisou ser implantado às pressas e sem condições tecnológicas reais que envolveu todos os sujeitos escolares, potencializou as dificuldades, os desafios e a superação destes na atuação docente.
Funcionalidade ecológica de áreas restauradas no Mato Grosso do Sul
Authors: Silva Jessica Ferreira da , Fróes Caroline Quinhones , Fernandes Shaline Séfara Lopes , Pereira Zefa Valdivina 
Published: December 2024

Este trabalho objetivou avaliar os processos ecológicos em áreas de restauração ecológica por meio indicadores que avaliem diversos aspectos da sua funcionalidade ecológica em três áreas que se encontram em processo de restauração no Estado do Mato Grosso do Sul. Os projetos de restauração analisados têm idades de 13, 14 e 17 anos respectivamente, encontram-se nos municípios de Ivinhema, Jateí e Caarapó, nas coordenadas 22º22’10.69” S e 53º55’09.58” O; 22º28'55" S e 54º18'09" O; 22º38’02” S. e 54°49'19” O. Para a avaliação das áreas, utilizou-se de indicadores baseado no método MESMIS – Marco de Avaliação de Sistemas de Manejo de Recursos Naturais Incorporando Indicadores, sendo avaliados os processos ecológicos geradores de estabilidade (capacidade do sistema de manter o equilíbrio ecológico), de resiliência (resposta a distúrbios do sistema) e de confiabilidade (capacidade do sistema de manter sua produtividade com o surgimento de alterações a longo prazo) com base em valores de referência. Os resultados demonstram que a área de Caarapó após 17 anos de implantação da restauração tem evoluído positivamente direcionando-se para os parâmetros ecológicos de uma área restaurada uma vez que apresenta condições próximas à área de referência, em relação aos atributos de estabilidade, resiliência e confiabilidade do sistema. No entanto, Jatei após 14 de implantação da restauração, apresenta condições relativamente próximas a Caarapó, estando em um estágio intermediário de área restaurada. A área de Ivinhema mesmo após 13 anos de implantação da restauração ainda apresenta baixa resiliência. Medidas de intervenção são necessárias em Jatei, mas principalmente na área de Ivinhema a qual encontra-se adjacente a uma matriz predominantemente agrícola.
The I-learning model improvement on writing digital-based scientific papers for students of faculty of letters universitas Muslim Indonesia
Authors: Akidah Ihramsari , Mantasiah Mantasiah , Hamsa Akmal , Padhil Ahmad 
Published: December 2024

The time-consuming and often fraught writing process can be draining and demotivate writers from completing their writing well. By overcoming these problems, writers can improve the effectiveness and quality of their scientific writing. The problem limitation in this study, how is the development of the I-Learn model on digital-based scientific writing for students of the Faculty of Letters UMI? In connection with the statement of the problem, the purpose of this study is to produce a development of the I-Learn model of learning scientific writing for students of the Faculty of Letters, UMI. Development research or Research and Development (R&D) is a process or steps to develop a new product, or improve existing products, which can be accounted for. The variable as the focus of review in this study is the I-Learn learning model on digital-based scientific writing. The development of the I-Learn model in learning to write digital-based scientific papers was carried out by following the ADDIE development model. The ADDIE development process is carried out through five stages, namely 1) Analysis (Analyze); 2) Design; 3) Development; 4) Implement; and 5) Evaluate. Analysis is used to obtain an initial description of the learning conditions for digital-based scientific writing for students of the Faculty of Letters, Universitas Muslim Indonesia. This analysis stage is carried out using a qualitative research method of literature study type. The research data is qualitative data obtained from document analysis, interviews, and observations. The research data can be divided into four parts, namely: (1) curriculum analysis, (2) Learning PlanAnalysis, (3) teaching material analysis, and (4) interview and learning process analysis.
SOSIALISASI PENGEMBANGAN KAWASAN EKOWISATA SEKITAR EKOSISTEM MANGROVE DI DESA WAIHERU KOTA AMBON
Authors: Tuhumena Lolita , Maruanaya Yan , Risakotta Tesalonika K. , Demi La , Tomasila Leopold A 
Published: December 2024

Pengelolaan mangrove yang baik bagi masyarakat pesisir di Kota Ambon khususnya di Teluk Ambon Dalam (TAD) memiliki banyak manfaat. Namun, masyarakat pesisir yang tinggal kawasan ekosistem mangrove belum memiliki banyak pengetahuan tentang pentingnya mangrove dan manfaat ekosistem mangrove tersebut. Sebab itu, pengembangan Desa Mitra/Inovasi dilaksanakan sebagai upaya dalam konstribusi penerapan ilmu pengetahuan kelautan dan perikanan untuk membangun desa pesisir dalam meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat. Tujuan dari kegiatan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat (PKM) ini adalah untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan kesadaran masyarakat Desa Waiheru tentang pentingnya menjaga dan melestarikan ekosistem mangrove secara berkelanjutan dengan menjaga kebersihan lingkungan dalam rangka pengembangan ekowisata. Materi yang disampaikan dalam kegiatan sosialisasi ini adalah tentang fungsi dan manfaat dari ekosistem mangrove dalam pengembangan Ekowisata Mangrove di Desa Waiheru Kota Ambon. Setelah itu, kegiatan PkM dilanjutkan dengan melakukan aksi pembersihan di sekitar ekosistem mangrove oleh taruna/i bersama masyarakat Desa. Untuk mengetahui efektivitas kegiatan PkM, maka digunakan pendekatan N-Gain Score dengan nilai yang diperoleh sebesar 67,86 % (kategori cukup efektif) Diharapkan kedepannya masyarakat pesisir di Desa Waiheru dapat meningkatkan upaya pelestarian ekosistem mangrove.
Brand Identity as a Tool for Talent Recruitment
Authors: Ivanovska Przo Dijana , Petrovska Katerina 
Published: December 2024

The impact of brand identity management as a tool for hiring and recruiting new talent is quite significant. Nowadays, talented people are not only interested in a job position and salary, but also in the culture and identity of the company they will work for. The process of brand identity management involves creating a set of characteristics, visual elements and values that define a brand and make it recognizable and different from any other brands. It enables building and maintaining a strong brand culture, which is encouraged and refined as a part of the company’s management strategy. Brand identity is also defined as one of the necessary and essential tools for recruiting talented and capable individuals on one hand and keeping the current employees interested and motivated on the other. A strong brand identity is a powerful tool that creates a positive perception and reputation in the labour market. Potential candidates are more directed towards companies with a good reputation, as they consider them desirable employers. The research objective of this paper is management of the brand identity in the direction of attracting new talent and keeping the existing employees, exploring different aspects and determining how to communicate with them as well as how to create a strong relationship in the long term.

Received: 5 August 2024 / Accepted: 29 October 2024 / Published: 3 December 2024
Insurance for Green Produce: Ensuring Agricultural Sustainability
Authors: Shkembi Etmond , Trebicka Brunela , Gjoni Luljeta 
Published: December 2024

This study examines the importance of the insurance in the agricultural area in Albania by emphasizing the importance of it in agriculture sustainability. There are a lot of risks that Albanian farmers face, including the weather changes and market conditions. Implementing an effective insurance strategy is essential for mitigating these risks and fostering financial stability among farmers and stakeholders in the agricultural sector. The research evaluates the current insurance framework and its influence on agricultural practices in Albania, offering recommendations for enhancing insurance coverage tailored to the needs of environmentally friendly products. Additionally, it analyzes the advantages and challenges associated with these insurance policies. The goal of this study is to enhance our understanding of how insurance can facilitate sustainable agricultural practices and contribute to food security in Albania.

Received: 19 August 2024 / Accepted: 29 October 2024 / Published: 3 December 2024
Potential Strategies to Improve Air Quality in Tirana for Current and Future Generations
Authors: Lluri Luiza , Lluri Fald , Sefa Stela 
Published: December 2024

Tirana, the capital of Albania, faces severe air pollution, posing significant health risks and environmental concerns for its residents. Referring to the data for the year 2023, KTA admits that Tirana exceeds the European Union norms for PM10 and nitrogen dioxide. Annual average concentrations of PM10 and NO2 in Tirana are above the limit values of National Air Quality Standard and World Health Organization. This paper looks at the several issues that lead to Tirana's air pollution and considers ways to lower pollution levels and enhance air quality. The problems with Tirana's air pollution are intricate and varied, resulting from a confluence of elements including as topography, industrial processes, burning of biomass, vehicular emissions, and insufficient monitoring programs. Addressing these challenges requires regulatory interventions, technological innovations, public awareness campaigns and stakeholder engagement to improve air quality. Tirana has a population of 528,000 inhabitants, with a surface area of 40 km² and a population density of 13.2 thousand inhabitants. Tirana has the capacity to develop more resilient, sustainable and habitable urban areas. To realize innovative ideas, enhance green areas, and improve air quality for present and future generations, cooperation amongst urban planners, legislators, community organizations, and citizens is imperative. We identify critical actions for policy makers, urban planners, and stakeholders to mitigate air pollution and build a healthier and more sustainable urban environment in Tirana based on pollution sources, regulatory frameworks, and ongoing initiatives. This paper's goal is to offer solutions for enhancing air quality while advancing environmental sustainability and public health.

Received: 2 August 2024 / Accepted: 10 November 2024 / Published: 3 December 2024
Cash to Contactless: History, Advantages, and Evolution of this Payment Mode in Albania
Authors: Duka Gentiana 
Published: December 2024

Cash Payments have traditionally played a significant role in the economy of Albania, as in many countries. Over the decades, Albanian people prefer cash transactions due to cultural factors, financial inclusions, and economic considerations. Decades ago cash was the only way to perform payments, but the evolution of ATM, Debit Card, Credit Cards and other payment options, has played a significant role. During the latest years, the evolution of contactless payments reflects a significant shift in consumer behaviour and technology development. The 2010s saw rapid adaptation, fuelled by the rise of mobile wallets and smartphones, which integrated payment options seamlessly into daily life. In Albanian Banking Industry as contactless payments became more mainstream, advantages such as speed, convenience, security, and paying without any contact, pushed the Albanian customers to embrace this kind of payment, as the fastest choice to perform transactions. Contactless payments in Albania have been gaining traction in recent years, reflecting a broader trend towards digitalization in financial services, threating PIN & Chip payments. Through analyses between different periods, we will try to understand if the contactless payments are the first choice in Albania, and if the financial industries and customers are prepared to these rapid changes.

Received: 16 August 2024 / Accepted: 10 November 2024 / Published: 3 December 2024
The Impact of Environmental Factors on Eye Trauma in Children: A Retrospective Study in Albania
Authors: Krasniqi Marsida , Kalaja Rezarta 
Published: December 2024

Eye trauma in children can lead to long-term visual impairment and significantly impact their quality of life. Environmental factors play a crucial role in the occurrence of such injuries. This retrospective study aims to investigate the influence of ambiental factors on eye trauma among children in Albania. A retrospective analysis was conducted using data obtained from the Albanian Statistical Center covering the period from January 2017 to December 2023. A total of 317 pediatric patients with eye trauma were included in the study. Data regarding demographics, types of trauma, mechanisms of injury, and environmental factors were collected and analyzed. The study found that environmental factors significantly contributed to eye trauma in children. The most common environmental factors associated with eye injuries included inadequate supervision during outdoor activities, presence of hazardous objects in the environment, and lack of protective eyewear. Seasonal variations were observed, with a higher incidence of eye trauma during the summer months when outdoor activities are more prevalent. This retrospective study highlights the significant impact of environmental factors on eye trauma in children in Albania. Strategies focusing on improving supervision during outdoor activities, implementing safety measures and promoting the use of protective eyewear could help reduce the risk of eye injuries among pediatric populations. Further research and targeted interventions are warranted to address this public health concern effectively.

Received: 21 August 2024 / Accepted: 15 November 2024 / Published: 3 December 2024
The Importance of Second Language Acquisition: Prioritizing Development in Educational and Social Context
Authors: Shkurti Arsena 
Published: December 2024

Aims. This article explores the significance of second language acquisition (SLA) within educational and social contexts, emphasizing its cognitive, cultural, and economic benefits. As globalization shapes interactions among diverse populations, the ability to communicate across languages is increasingly vital. Methods. This research utilized a comprehensive review of existing literature on SLA, alongside qualitative insights from educators and learners. This multifaceted approach synthesized findings from academic studies, policy reports, and firsthand accounts. Results. The article reviews current trends in language education, analyzing various pedagogical approaches and highlighting positive outcomes of SLA, such as enhanced cognitive abilities and improved academic performance. A specific case study of a local community program, "Language Connect," illustrates how targeted SLA initiatives can significantly improve language skills and socio-economic opportunities for participants. Additionally, the research identifies the role of SLA in fostering social inclusion, particularly for immigrants and refugees. Proficiency in a second language allows these individuals to navigate new environments and establish connections. The economic implications are evident; studies indicate that bilingualism enhances employability, with 60% of employers in a recent survey favoring bilingual candidates. The article advocates for a collaborative effort among policymakers, educators, and communities to promote effective SLA practices. Conclusions. This research underscores the critical importance of prioritizing SLA in educational and social contexts. The cognitive, social, and economic benefits associated with SLA are compelling reasons for stakeholders to enhance language learning initiatives.

Received: 4 September 2024 / Accepted: 10 November 2024 / Published: 3 December 2024
Digital Storytelling as Technique of Woman Politician Improving the Perception and Their Political Status
Authors: Sakja Arta 
Published: December 2024

In Albania's increasingly hypermediated political landscape, digital interactive storytelling has emerged as a widely utilized technique in political communication. Despite persistent gender biases shaped by stereotypical prejudices and a public opinion strongly influenced by male-dominated opinion leaders, digital interactive storytelling has the potential to enhance women's public image and standing within the political arena. This medium enables women in politics to communicate directly with audiences, bypassing intermediaries and mitigating potential message distortions, while harnessing storytelling elements like narrative, imagery, and the intrinsic appeal of a compelling, well-told story. This research investigates how digital interactive storytelling helps women in Albanian politics shape their public image. Specifically, it examines whether there is a qualitative and quantitative difference in how women are represented on their social media profiles versus traditional Albanian media outlets. We monitored the Instagram profiles of five Albanian parliament members, all chairing parliamentary commissions, observing their posts over the past year. We also analyzed coverage in Panorama Online, a prominent and influential media outlet in Albania, to examine how these digital narratives are portrayed in the media. Our findings indicate that digital storytelling has heightened the visibility of women in Albanian politics, with media coverage reflecting these figures in alignment with their chosen strategic narratives. Media portrayal largely emphasizes these women as experts in their fields and as advocates of their respective parties' ideological platforms.

Received: 12 August 2024 / Accepted: 16 November 2024 / Published: 3 December 2024
The Durres Government and its Foreign Policy in Defense of the National Cause
Authors: Mehmeti Ndriçim 
Published: December 2024

This paper examines the efforts of Albanian patriots to establish a national government following the Congress of Durrës, with the primary goal of defending the Albanian national cause. The government formed at Durrës was tasked with safeguarding the territorial integrity of Albania, both within its current borders and through the reclamation of lands lost after 1913. Drawing on historical documents and testimonies from key Albanian and foreign figures involved in these events, the paper provides a comprehensive account of the political struggle to secure Albania’s sovereignty. The analysis includes an exploration of the government’s program, which aimed to preserve independence, address border issues, and ensure Albania’s representation at the Peace Conference. Ultimately, this paper argues that the actions of the Durrës government were pivotal in shaping the national discourse on Albanian territorial integrity and sovereignty, especially during the critical negotiations of the Peace Conference.

Received: 2 August 2024 / Accepted: 10 November 2024 / Published: 3 December 2024