bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Upregulation of amphiregulin by retinoic acid and Wnt signalling promotes liver cancer cell proliferation
Authors: Lin Hsuan‐Hwai , Peng Yi‐Jen , Tsai Ming‐Jiun , Wu Yi‐Ying , Tsai Tsung‐Neng , Huang Hsin‐Hung , Shih Yu‐Lueng , Chang Wei‐Kuo , Hsieh Tsai‐Yuan 
Published: July 2019

AbstractActivated hepatic stellate cells promote hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression. Hepatic stellate cells play a key role in retinoid metabolism, and activation of stellate cells increases retinoic acid (RA) in the liver. However, the role of RA in HCC proliferation remains unclear. We aimed to analyse the mechanism of RA in HCC proliferation. Thirty‐eight patients who had undergone hepatic resection for HCCs were recruited. Paired non‐tumour tissues, adjacent and distal to HCCs, were collected, and the RA levels in the tissues were analysed. The mechanisms of RA and HCC proliferation were assessed in liver cancer cell lines by protein and gene expression analyses. Early recurrence of HCC was significantly higher in patients with a higher RA concentration than in those with a lower RA concentration in tissues adjacent to HCCs (61.1% vs. 20%, p = .010). RA promoted HCC cell proliferation and activated the expression of Amphiregulin, a growth factor in hepatocarcinogenesis. The promoter of Amphiregulin contained the binding sites of the RA receptor, RXRα. Wnt signalling also activated the expression of Amphiregulin, and the RA and Wnt pathways acted synergistically to increase the expression of Amphiregulin. Furthermore, RXRα interacted with β‐catenin and then translocated to the nucleus to activate Amphiregulin. An increased RA concentration in the tissues adjacent to the tumour was associated with an early recurrence of HCC. RA activated the expression of Amphiregulin, and then promoted HCC proliferation, which might partly contribute to early recurrence of HCC after hepatic resection.
Embedding an edge‐coloring of K(nr;λ1,λ2) into a Hamiltonian decomposition of K(nr+2;λ1,λ2)
Authors: Demir Mustafa , Rodger C. A. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThis paper focuses on graph decompositions of , the ‐partite multigraph in which each part has size , where two vertices in the same part or different parts are joined by exactly edges or edges respectively. Assuming one condition, necessary and sufficient conditions are found to embed a k‐edge‐coloring of into a Hamiltonian decomposition of . In the tightest case, this assumption is in fact proved to be a new necessary condition. Unlike previous results, of particular interest here is a necessary condition involving the existence of certain components in a related bipartite graph.
Documenting the multisensory and ephemeral: Navajo Chantway singers and the troubles of a “science” of ceremonialism
Authors: Johnson Adam Fulton 
Published: July 2019

AbstractEven as American ethnology in the late‐nineteenth century continued to accumulate data about indigenous groups for comparative study, the surgeon‐turned‐ethnographer Washington Matthews found standardized documentary methods constricting, unable to reflect the complexity of a community's spiritual practices. Through studies of Navajo Indians in the 1880s and 90s, Matthews experimented with documentation techniques to capture the multisensorial and ephemeral elements of Navajo healing ceremonialism, such as the design of sandpaintings that were later destroyed as the rites concluded. Investigating his ethnographic strategies and his relationships with Navajo knowledge stewards, this article charts Matthews’ emerging conviction in social immersion and bonding with indigenous informants, tenets that predated the rise of cultural relativism in anthropology. The article argues that his experience among and tutelage from Navajo medicine “singers” reshaped Matthews’ documentary practices to emphasize the irreducibility of cultural facets to tabular columns, raising doubts about then‐dominant theories of social evolution.
Health care industry insights: A focus on the hospital and physician professional liability claims environment
Authors: Jones Virginia 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThis article summarizes various findings published in the Aon/ASHRM Hospital and Physician Professional Liability Benchmark Analysis, October 2018.1 The report analyzes medical professional liability (PL) claims and exposure information from hospital systems and physician groups across the United States that self‐insure their PL exposures. The purpose of this benchmark analysis is to provide health care risk managers and financial leaders with a data‐supported tool to identify, measure, and better understand the risks that affect their organization.
Novel MRGPRX2 antagonists inhibit IgE-independent activation of human umbilical cord blood-derived mast cells
Authors: Ogasawara Hiroyuki , Furuno Masahiro , Edamura Koji , Noguchi Masato 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Human MCs are primary effectors implicated in immune surveillance and defense by secreting histamine and various inflammatory mediators, a mechanism termed as degranulation. MCs can be activated by two pathways: IgE-dependent classical pathway and the IgE-independent pathway that utilizes various cationic molecules including substance P (SP) and pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptides, which are host defense peptides collectively known as basic secretagogues. Our pharmacological study investigated whether or not IgE-independent MC activation is mediated via MRGPRX2. We identified two novel MRGPRX2 antagonists, which completely inhibited the degranulation of human cord blood-derived MCs (hCMCs) induced by basic secretagogues and pseudoallergic drug, icatibant, but IgE- or A23187-challenged hCMCs were resistant to MRGPRX2 antagonists. The MRGPRX2 antagonists markedly inhibited the de novo synthesis of SP-induced prostaglandin D2 in hCMCs. Moreover, the antagonists were able to inhibit p42/44 mitogen-activated protein kinase signal in hCMCs activated by SP. This study strongly suggests that MRGPRX2 antagonists may be a promising drug to prevent the IgE-independent allergic reactions, and thus, MRGPRX2 antagonist development may lead to a promising therapeutic medication for the IgE-independent allergic reactions.
Vibrational spectroscopy and biochemical changes in silver carp as related to quality of washed mince
Authors: Kunyaboon Sasinee , Thumanu Kanjana , Park Jae W , Yongsawatdigul Jirawat 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDBiochemical and protein conformational changes in silver carp occurred during ice storage, affecting the physico‐chemical and textural properties of its washed mince. Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and FT Raman could offer insightful molecular‐level information that could be related to the freshness of fish and textural properties of washed mince.RESULTSThe K value increased from 15.8% to 85.0% after 14 days on ice. The surface hydrophobicity of silver carp muscle proteins increased during ice storage, and its thrice‐washed mince showed the same trend. The yield and textural properties of washed mince continually decreased as the storage time was extended. Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy revealed that, as storage time increased, the α‐helix content of mince decreased, while the β sheet content increased. Prolonged ice storage led to the exposure of buried aromatic amino acid residues and an increase in disulfide interchanges in mince and washed mince. Changes in the ∑β sheet structure and Raman intensity at 828 cm−1 observed in mince correlated well with the K value. The α‐helix content and Raman intensity of raw washed mince at 621 and 828 cm−1 showed a strong correlation with its textural properties.CONCLUSIONSilver carp should be processed to surimi within 7 days of ice storage to obtain a reasonably good yield and gel texture. Infrared and Raman spectroscopy can possibly be utilized to monitor freshness quality and protein conformational changes in silver carp and to estimate the textural properties of washed mince as affected by freshness. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Molecular Dynamics of Amphiphilic Random Copolymers in the Bulk: A 1H and 19F NMR Relaxometry Study
Authors: Martini Francesca , Guazzelli Elisa , Martinelli Elisa , Borsacchi Silvia , Geppi Marco , Galli Giancarlo 
Published: July 2019

AbstractA set of amphiphilic random copolymers of poly(ethylene glycol) methacrylate (PEGMA) and perfluorohexylethyl acrylate (FA) with different compositions synthesized by atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) is investigated by 1H and 19F NMR relaxometry. In particular, a thorough investigation of T1 and T2 relaxation times at variable temperature and copolymer composition provides the first complete and detailed characterization of the dynamics of both the main chain backbone and the side chains of the PEGMA‐co‐FA copolymers. The results highlight an intramolecular segregation of rigid main chain and mobile side chains, and an additional self‐assembling of the PEGMA and FA side chains into distinct nanodomains, driven by the hydrophobic interactions between FA side chains. The obtainment and observation of nanoscale phase separation in random copolymers is a promising achievement to the aim of controlling self‐assembly in the bulk by suitably modulating copolymers composition, which can open novel avenues to easier fabrications and applications in nanotechnologies.
Grafting‐from Afforded Cyclic Graft Copolymers from Cyclic Anionic Macroinitiator via Lithiation of Tolyl Groups
Authors: Adachi Kaoru , Kono Takayuki , Nakano Suguru , Hamaguchi Yusuke , Tsukahara Yasuhisa 
Published: July 2019

AbstractCyclic graft copolymers consisting of poly(p‐methylstyrene) backbone and polystyrene branches with relatively low molecular weight distribution are synthesized with grafting‐from approach by living anionic polymerization of styrene from lithiated cyclic poly(p‐methylstyrene)s as multifunctional anionic macroinitiators for vinyl polymerizations. Precursors of the macroinitiators are prepared by ring‐closing metathesis reaction of α,ω‐divinyl‐terminated telechelic polymers. Subsequently, selective lithiation of tolyl groups in the cyclic polymers is conducted by s‐BuLi in the presence of tetramethylethylenediamine in cyclohexane in order to prepare the macroinitiators. Addition of styrene monomer into the cyclic macroinitiators provides shift in SEC to higher molecular weight due to graft polymerization from the macroinitiators to form cyclic graft copolymers. The unique polymer architecture of the obtained cyclic graft copolymers is confirmed by unimolecular observation by using atomic force microscopy.
Fabrication of a Dual‐Stimuli‐Responsive Supramolecular Micelle from a Pillar[5]arene‐Based Supramolecular Diblock Copolymer for Photodynamic Therapy
Authors: Wu Jian , Xia Lei , Liu Zhu , Xu Zhiguang , Cao Hongliang , Zhang Weian 
Published: July 2019

AbstractA pH and thermo dual‐responsive supramolecular diblock copolymer is constructed by host–guest recognition of pillar[5]arene and viologen salt. The host polymer, poly(N,N‐dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate) bearing pillar[5]arene as the terminal group (P[5]A‐PDMAEMA) is synthesized by atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). Guest polymer, ethyl viologen‐ended poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) (EV‐PNIPAM) is prepared by reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer polymerization. The supramolecular diblock copolymer can be self‐assembled into stable supramolecular nanoparticles in aqueous solution at 40 °C, which show excellent pH and thermo responsiveness. The nanoparticles are further applied in the encapsulation of photosensitizers (pyropheophorbide‐a, PhA) for photodynamic therapy (PDT). The dual‐responsive nanoparticles can efficiently release PhA in acidic environment at 25 °C. Based on the result of cell experiments, PhA‐loaded nanomicelles exhibit excellent PDT efficacy and low dark toxicity toward A549 cells. Thus, this supramolecular diblock copolymer enriches the methodology of constructing stimuli‐responsive drug carriers and presents a great potential in PDT.
A Carbonylated Terthiophene–Based Twisted Polymer for Efficient Ternary Polymer Solar Cells
Authors: Xue Changguo , Zhang Tao , Ma Kangqiao , Wan Pan , Hong Ling , Xu Bowei , An Cunbin 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIn polymer solar cells (PSCs), it is difficult for twisted conjugated polymers to achieve high power‐conversion efficiency (PCE) as donors due to their low charge carrier mobilities and poor bulk heterojunction morphologies. In this work, a new twisted conjugated polymer (P3TCO‐1) with excellent solubilities (above 30 mg mL−1) in common organic solvents at room temperature is reported. UV–visible absorption spectra and cyclic voltammetry indicate that P3TCO‐1 has a wide optical bandgap of 1.90 eV and deep HOMO level of −5.39 eV. In binary PSCs, P3TCO‐1:ITIC‐based device shows a PCE of 10.11%, with JSC of 17.05 mA cm−2 and FF of 62.89%; P3TCO‐1:PC71BM‐based device gives a PCE of 6.67% with JSC of 12.31 mA cm−2 and FF of 58.00%. When the two acceptors of ITIC and PC71BM are combined, the twisted P3TCO‐1‐based ternary PSCs exhibit a significantly boosted PCE of up to 11.41%, with a simultaneously improved JSC of 18.16 mA cm−2 and FF of 66.78%. These results can guide the improvement of PCE for twisted conjugated polymer‐based PSCs.
The genetic and clinico‐pathological profile of early‐onset progressive supranuclear palsy
Authors: Jabbari Edwin , Woodside John , Tan Manuela M.X. , Pavese Nicola , Bandmann Oliver , Ghosh Boyd C.P. , Massey Luke A. , Capps Erica , Warner Tom T. , Lees Andrew J. , Revesz Tamas , Holton Janice L. , Williams Nigel M. , Grosset Donald G. , Morris Huw R. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundStudies on early‐onset presentations of progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) have been limited to those where a rare monogenic cause has been identified. Here, we have defined early‐onset PSP (EOPSP) and investigated its genetic and clinico‐pathological profile in comparison with late‐onset PSP (LOPSP) and Parkinson's disease (PD).MethodsWe included subjects from the Queen Square Brain Bank, PROSPECT‐UK study, and Tracking Parkinson's study. Group comparisons of data were made using Welch's t‐test and Kruskal‐Wallis analysis of variance. EOPSP was defined as the youngest decile of motor age at onset (≤55 years) in the Queen Square Brain Bank PSP case series.ResultsWe identified 33 EOPSP, 328 LOPSP, and 2000 PD subjects. The early clinical features of EOPSP usually involve limb parkinsonism and gait freezing, with 50% of cases initially misdiagnosed as having PD. We found that an initial clinical diagnosis of EOPSP had lower diagnostic sensitivity (33%) and positive predictive value (38%) in comparison with LOPSP (80% and 76%) using a postmortem diagnosis of PSP as the gold standard. 3/33 (9%) of the EOPSP group had an underlying monogenic cause. Using a PSP genetic risk score (GRS), we showed that the genetic risk burden in the EOPSP (mean z‐score, 0.59) and LOPSP (mean z‐score, 0.48) groups was significantly higher (P < 0.05) when compared with the PD group (mean z‐score, −0.08).ConclusionsThe initial clinical profile of EOPSP is often PD‐like. At the group level, a PSP GRS was able to differentiate EOPSP from PD, and this may be helpful in future diagnostic algorithms. © 2019 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
A rare mosaic 22q11.2 microdeletion identified in a Chinese family with recurrent fetal conotruncal defects
Authors: Chen Weicheng , Li Xiaodi , Sun Liqun , Sheng Wei , Huang Guoying 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackground22q11 deletion syndrome (22qDS) is caused by deletion of chromosome region 22q11.2. However, mosaic cases with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11.2DS) are rarely reported.MethodsChromosomal microarray analysis (CMA) and fluorescence in situ hybridization fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) were performed to analyze the copy number alterations. Clinical examinations related to 22q11.2DS were performed on the carrier in this family.ResultsA healthy female in a Chinese family with a history of two pregnancies with conotruncal defects, one with pulmonary atresia (PA) and another with Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) was recruited in this study. CMA revealed that the fetus with TOF has a microdeletion on the 22q11.2 locus, and his mother was further confirmed a somatic mosaicism of 22q11.2 microdeletion by interphase FISH. Somatic mosaic 22q11.2 deletion in the mother was validated in the metaphase lymphocytes. Clinical examinations related to 22q11.2DS showed that the mother had hypocalcemia and low percentages of CD4 + T helper cells. The family history of recurrent fetal conotruncal defects and genetic results demonstrated the inherited possibility of maternal germline mosaicism of the 22q11.2 microdeletion.ConclusionOur report was the first case in a Chinese family to present that a somatic and suspected gonadal mosaicism of the 22q11.2 microdeletion in female causes recurrent fetal conotruncal defects.
Use of the subscapular system by maintaining unilateral decubitus placement without repositioning in microvascular free tissue transplantation
Authors: Forte Antonio J. , Oliver Jeremie D. , McRae Matthew , Colasante Cesar , Eells Annica C. , Watt Andrew , Buntic Rudolph , Buncke Gregory , Safa Bauback 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundIn microvascular free‐tissue harvest and transfer, the need for repositioning from lateral decubitus position and the inability to use a two‐team approach are major drawbacks of the subscapular system. We present our experience with the subscapular system for upper and lower extremity reconstruction using a two‐team approach without need for repositioning.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective chart review for all patients undergoing free flap transplant based on the subscapular system to the upper or lower extremity at our microsurgical facility from January 1, 2007 to December 31, 2011. Only cases not requiring intraoperative repositioning were included. Sixty‐four patients underwent the two‐team approach (37 upper extremity and 27 lower extremity transplants). Flap types included latissimus dorsi musculocutaneous, partial superior latissimus, dorsal thoracic fascia, serratus, scapular bone, and thoracodorsal artery perforator, either alone or as chimeric flaps. All patients were placed in the lateral decubitus position for the duration of the surgery.ResultsThe ipsilateral subscapular system was used in 16% of cases for lower extremity defects, where the anterior tibial vessels served as recipient vessels. The contralateral subscapular system was used in all remaining cases for upper extremity or the vast majority for lower extremity (84%) defects, where either the superficial femoral, genicular, popliteal, sural, or posterior tibial vessels served as recipient vessels. With the exception of one partial flap loss secondary to infection, all flaps survived.ConclusionsProper lateral decubitus positioning allows for a two‐team approach without compromising safety or outcomes.
Dual‐band filter based on air‐filled SIW cavity for 5G application
Authors: Liu Leping , Fu Qiuyun , Liang Fei , Zhao Shuaijie 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThis work presents a novel dual‐band filter based on air‐filled substrate‐integrated waveguide (SIW) cavity. Research is done on the multimode property of air‐filled SIW cavity, as a result, even mode and odd mode of TE102 are determined to produce the first passband, those of TE104 to form the second passband, meanwhile, those of TE202 as spurious modes exist in the air‐filled SIW cavity. As the resonant frequency of TE202 is close to that of TE104, a group of metal via holes is placed at where the electric field of TE202 is maximum so that TE202 does no harm to the second passband as the resonant frequency of TE202 is shifted to much higher frequency in this case. Moreover, the ratio of center frequency of the second passband to that of the first passband can be flexible adjusted for the presence of that group of metal via holes as perturbation structure. Thanks to exploiting even mode and odd mode of TE102 as well as TE104 for the design of dual‐band filter, a frequency response with two transmission poles in each passband and one transmission zero in the upper stopband of each passband are obtained, another transmission zero appears in the response as well for the presence of direct source‐load coupling. A dual‐band filter centered at 3.5 and 4.9 GHz is designed and fabricated to validate this design method, and good agreements between measured and simulated results can be observed.
Analysis, design, and measurements of an ultrasmall on‐metal UHF RFID tag antenna
Authors: B. Abdallah Essia , Carle Arnaud , Mondon Philippe 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAn ultrasmall radiofrequency identification (RFID) tag antenna is proposed for metallic applications. The antenna consists of a loop structure on FR4 substrate with a chip on the side. The overall dimensions of the tag are 10 × 10 × 2.07 mm (0.03λ × 0.03λ × 0.006λ). Studies demonstrate that the proposed antenna is a good candidate for RFID tags to be mounted on metallic surfaces. Experimental results demonstrate that the tag is able to achieve a read distance of 20 cm with an equivalent isotropic radiated power of 1.64 W when attached to a metallic object. The proposed antenna is proved to be competitive against state of the art.
Dual‐band, dual‐polarized microstrip array for applications of WLAN base stations
Authors: Huang Chiung‐Ying , Ko Ting‐Hung , Chen Tsair‐Rong , Row Jeen‐Sheen 
Published: July 2019

AbstractA dual‐band, dual‐polarized microstrip array with high isolation is presented. The array element is a compact ring patch antenna, and all of the radiating patches are fabricated on the same substrate. A horizontal coaxial balun is used to excite the compact element so that the isolation between two orthogonal polarizations and the coupling between two adjacent elements are reduced. A prototype of the proposed array is constructed. The measured results show that the prototype can be operated at two frequency bands, including 2.4 to 2.48 GHz and 5.15 to 5.875 GHz. Within the operation bandwidths, the array has a gain of about 12 dBi and a cross‐polarization level of less than −25 dB; in addition, the isolation levels between input ports are smaller than −35 dB.