bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A gradient-based approach for identification of the zeroth-order coefficient 𝑝(𝑥) in the parabolic equation 𝑢𝑡 = (𝑘(𝑥)𝑢𝑥)𝑥 − 𝑝(𝑥)𝑢 from Dirichlet-type measured output
Authors: Barış Şahin Pınar 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
This paper is devoted to the inverse problem of identifying an unknown spacewise-dependent zeroth-order coefficient

p
⁢

(
x
)

{p(x)}

in the 1D diffusion equation

u
t

=

(

k
⁢

(
x
)

⁢

u
x

)

x

-

p
⁢

(
x
)

⁢
u

{u_{t}=(k(x)u_{x})_{x}-p(x)u}

from boundary Dirichlet measured output

f
⁢

(
t
)

:-

u
⁢

(
0
,
t
)

{f(t)\coloneq u(0,t)}

,

t
∈

[
0
,
T
]

{t\in[0,T]}

. Compactness and Lipschitz continuity of the input-output operator

Φ
⁢

[
p
]

:-

u
⁢

(
x
,
t
;
p
)

|

x
=

0
+

{\Phi[p]\coloneq u(x,t;p)|_{x=0^{+}}}

,

Φ
⁢

[
⋅
]

:

𝒫
⊂

H
1

⁢

(
0
,
l
)

↦

L
2

⁢

(
0
,
T
)

{\Phi[\,\cdot\,]\colon\mathcal{P}\subset H^{1}(0,l)\mapsto L^{2}(0,T)}

are proved.
Then an existence of a quasi-solution of the inverse problem is obtained. We prove Fréchet differentiability of the Tikhonov functional and derive an explicit gradient formula for the Fréchet gradient through the solutions of the direct and corresponding adjoint problems solutions. This allows to use gradient-type algorithms for the numerical solution of the considered inverse problem.
The Social Ontology of Democracy
Authors: Frega Roberto 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
This paper offers an account of the social foundations of a theory of democracy. It purports to show that a social ontology of democracy is the necessary counterpart of a political theory of democracy. It notably contends that decisions concerning basic social ontological assumptions are relevant not only for empirical research, but bear a significant impact also on normative theorizing. The paper then explains why interactionist rather than substantialist social ontologies provide the most promising starting point for building a social ontology of democracy. It then introduces and examines the three notions of habits, patterns of interaction, and forms of social organization, conceived as the main pillars of an interactionist social ontology of democracy and briefly discusses some major implications of this approach for democratic theory.
Comparing Non-destructive Mechanical Testing Methods for the Assessment of Brittle Papers – The Cantilever, Hanging Pear Loop, and Clamped Fold Tests
Authors: Hall Andrea K. I. , Plaut Raymond H. , McGuiggan Patricia M. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe ability to determine the condition of paper (e.g. its brittleness) and its permanence is a need in libraries and archives. This study investigates various bend tests and applies these tests to aged paper with the goal of finding easy, non-destructive tests to determine the mechanical properties of paper. The cantilever test was previously shown to accurately assess mechanical properties of paper-based materials, such as elastic and bending moduli as well as the bending length. This work investigates the hanging pear loop and clamped fold tests and compares the results with those found with the cantilever test. The results show that the strain and curvature induced by the two tests are much larger than those experienced in the cantilever test. This large strain and curvature induce plastic behaviour and make the hanging pear loop and clamped fold tests inappropriate for use on paper-based materials.
Semiosis is cognitive niche construction
Authors: Atã Pedro , Queiroz João 
Published: March 2019

AbstractHere we describe Peircean post-1903 semiosis as a processualist conception of meaning, and relate it to contemporary active externalism in Philosophy of Cognitive Science, especially through the notion of cognitive niche construction. In particular, we shall consider the possibility of integrating (a) the understanding of “semiosis as process” within Peirce’s mature semiotics with (b) an elaboration of the concept of cognitive niche from the point of view of niche construction theory and process biology research.
A myocardialis necrosis mértékének vizsgálata eltérő supraventricularis szívritmuszavarok rádiófrekvenciás katéterablatiós kezelését követően
Authors: Tahin Tamás , Herczeg Szilvia , Gellér László , Boros András Mihály , Kovács Orsolya Mária , Szegedi Nándor , Fórizs Éva , Szilágyi Szabolcs , Osztheimer István , Merkely Béla , Széplaki Gábor 
Published: March 2019

Abstract: Introduction: Levels of cardiac necroenzymes, high-sensitive troponin (hsTnT) and creatine kinase muscle-brain (CKMB) increase as a result of a myocardial damage following catheter ablation. Aim: To analyze the mid-term alteration of hsTnT and CKMB levels following radiofrequency ablation (RFCA) for atrial fibrillation (AF), atrial flutter (AFlu), AV-nodal reentry tachycardia (AVNRT) and electrophysiological studies (EPS) without ablation. Method: Patients undergoing RFCA for various indications and EPS were consecutively enrolled in our prospective study. Concentrations of hsTnT and CKMB were measured from serial blood samples directly before and after the procedure, 4 and 20 hours later and at 3 months follow-up. Results: Forty-seven patients (10 EPS, 12 AVNRT, 13 AFlu, 12 AF) with mean age of 55 ± 13 were included. hsTnT levels increased significantly in all groups after the procedures, while CKMB changed only in the AF group. hsTnT exceeded the reference value in all patients with ablation and in 80% of patients with EPS 4 hours post-ablation. Peak average hsTnT levels for EPS, AVNRT, AFlu were 24 ± 11, 260 ± 218 and 541 ± 233 ng/L, respectively. The highest hsTnT level was measured in the AF group (799 ± 433 ng/L). We found a positive correlation between hsTnT levels and ablation time after RFCA. Conclusions: The hsTnT levels significantly change after EPS and RFCA, in all patients who underwent ablation, and in 80% of those with EPS had hsTnT positivity in the early post-procedural phase. hsTnT levels depended significantly on the type of the subgroups and correlated with the ablation time. Awareness of those observations is essential to correctly interpret elevated hsTnT levels following RFCA. Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(14): 540–548.
Karakterisasi Penampilan Reproduksi Sapi Aceh Betina Sebagai Sumber Daya Genetik Ternak Lokal di Kota Subulussalam
Authors: Novita Cut Intan , Sari Eka Meutia , Rahma Erlisa 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRAK. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penampilan reproduksi sapi Aceh betina. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Kota Subulussalam Provinsi Aceh yang meliputi lima kecamatan, yaitu kecamatan Simpang Kiri, Rundeng, Longkip, Penanggalan dan Sultan Daulat. Penelitian dilakukan selama satu bulan (23 Januari sampai 23 Februari 2017). Metode survei digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Penentuan responden adalah dengan menggunakan metode Purposive Sampling yaitu mengambil sampel dengan persyaratan minimal peternak memelihara satu ekor sapi Aceh yang telah beranak dua kali. Sebagai responden ditetapkan sebanyak 30 petani. Dari hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa kinerja reproduksi sapi Aceh baik, usia pubertas mencapai usia 1-2 tahun, nilai rata-rata pelayanan per konsepsi adalah 1,5 dan jarak beranak 12,97 bulan.(Characterization of reproductive performans of aceh cattle as local animal genetic resources in subulussalam city)ABSTRACT. This study aims to determine the characterization of reproductive performance of Aceh cattle. This study was conducted in Subulussalam City of Aceh Province covering five districts of Simpang Kiri, Rundeng, Longkip, Penanggalan and Sultan Daulat. The study was conducted for one month (January 23 to February 23, 2017). Survey method was used in this research. Determination of respondent is by using method of Purposive Sampling that is taking sample with minimum requirement of breeder to keep one Aceh cattle that have gave birthtwo times. As the respondents set as many as 30 farmers. From the results can be concluded that the performance of Aceh cattle reproductive is good, age of puberty reached at age 1-2 years, the average value of service per conception is 1.5 and calving interval 12.97 month.
Pharmacoeconomic Analysis of Using Different Types of Monofocal Intraocular Lenses for Cataract Surgery in Russia
Authors: Krysanov I. S. , Krysanova V. S. , Ermakova V. Yu. 
Published: March 2019

Purpose: To perform cost-effectiveness analysis of using different types of monofocal intraocular lenses (IOL) for cataract surgery in adults in Russian Federation.Materials and methods. MS Excel based model of medical care patients with cataract has been developed for 1 patient undergoing surgery treatment. “cost-effectiveness” and “budget impact” analyses (BIA) were used to measure the costs associated with cataract treatment with different types of monofocal IOLs for the state budget. Direct medical costs included IOLs cost, treatment of PCO with neodymium-doped uttrium aluminium garnet laser capsulotomy (Nd:YAG), side effects treatment associated with Nd:YAG and were calculated from the Russian healthcare system perspective.Results. Cost-effectiveness analysis among monofocal IOLs demonstrated that the lowest costs for 1 case of successful cataract surgery followed by implantation of the IOL are connected with the use of the AcrySof® Single Piece model — 4,938 rubles, the largest costs — using the Tecnis® One model — 11,753.5 rubles. The use of others hydrophobic IOLs on the AcrySof® platform demonstrated economic feasibility, analyzed models have costs for 1 effective cataract treatment -AcrySof® IQ 9,858 rubles, AcrySof® Natural 6,452 rubles. The conducted BIA has showed that direct medical costs for surgical treatment of cataracts with the implantation of monofocal IOLs from different manufacturers for 100 patients amount to 708,121 rubles. If ua monofocal IOL are used alone on an AcrySof® platform, the cost will be 691,261 rubles, the difference is in favor of monofocal IOL on an AcrySof® platform — 16,860 rubles.Conclusion. Using AcrySof® IOLs for cataract surgery in adult patients is an effective and an economically justified treatment option in Russia Federation.
Tangential Scleral Myopexy (TSM) as an Alternative to Muscle Resection in Strabismus Treatment
Authors: Pivovarov N. N. , Surkova E. N. 
Published: March 2019

To present the new method as a variant of minimal invasive strabismus surgery (MISS) technique for less invasive and faster reсtus muscle plication. Extraocular muscle strengthening is common for strabismus treatment. Plication as an alternative for tightening or strengthening muscles appears to be less traumatic, quicker and vascular preserving operation. A new plication variant performed by fixating the edge of muscle with 6-0 vicril sutures and pulling them forward and oversewn at 2–3 mm from external part sclera-tendon joint avoiding the anterior ciliary artereies. The distance of muscles advancement depends on the eye deviation angle and calculated by Kenneth Wright charts. In all patients fornix transconjunctival access was performed. Proposed trapezoidal scleral myopexy (TSM) was performed in 26 patients at the age from 3 to 32 years old (children 3–15 y.o. = 29; adults 20–32 y.o. = 7). 23 consecutive patients underwent TSM combined with antagonist recession at the same eye (15 esotropia, 11 exotropia). Follow up period was 6–26 months. The results were considered satisfactory if the postoperative angle was between 0 ± 3° (92.3 %). Only 2 cases (7.6 %) failed to reach this standart. The obtained results considered as very satisfactory. Patients reported only minimal postoperative discomfort and no complain on cosmetics. Trapezoidal muscle plication was inconspicuous throught the conjunctive. The good results of TSM proposed by the author seems to be very simple and more effective for muscle strengthening comparing to resection of medial and lateral rectus muscles. Placement of sutures at the muscle edge during trapezoidal plication exclude ciliary vassel destruction and anterior segment ischemia. The obtained results demonstrated that TSM was considered to be equivalent to resection of horizontal rectus and especially of vertical rectus muscles. Trapezoid form of plication increases the arc of sclera contact to the muscle, probably, explaining the efficiency of proposed operation for muscle strengthening. Proposed modification of muscle plication is reversible, simple, sparing for ciliary artery procedure and is recommended as minimal invasive strabismus surgery (MISS) for simultaneous operation on multiple rectus muscles.
Autoimmune Uveitis. Review
Authors: Plekhanov A. N. , Fomina A. S. , Sverkunova O. P. , Ivanova J. V. 
Published: March 2019

For many years in ophthalmology there is a complex intractable problem associated with inflammation of the vascular membrane of the eye, the so-called uveitis. Experts around the world are trying to understand this heterogeneous pathology of the visual organ, in a short time, which can lead to a sharp decrease in visual acuity, the development of severe complications and further disability. The number of patients with inflammation of the vascular tract is growing rapidly every year, the age is younger. The clinical picture of this pathology has changed slightly. Often began to manifest itself in two radically different directions. It proceeds as a sluggish form or vice versa manifests itself more aggressively with the rapid development of clinical manifestations in a short time. Currently, there is evidence of endogenous causes of uveitis.The article provides a review of the literature summarizing modern views on the problem of autoimmune uveitis. New factors affecting the etiology, pathogenesis of the disease, some aspects of therapy are considered. In addition, the main experimental models of autoimmune diseases of the vascular tract of the eye are analyzed.
Modern Methodological Approaches to the Correction of Astenopia in Patients with Visual-Intensive Work
Authors: Ovechkin I. G. , Belikova E. I. , Kozhukhov A. A. , Pozharitskii M. D. , Yudin V. E. , Budko A. A. , Shakula A. V. 
Published: March 2019

The authors consider presented in the literature tested new approaches to diagnosis, prevention and correction of symptoms of asthenopia in persons visually-intense work related to theoretical aspects of asthenopia in fact, the selection of spectacle correction and application of a multidisciplinary approach. Determines the pattern of allocation in the traditional classification of asthenopia (accommodative, muscular, sensory) classification criterion is the presence or absence of phenomena of psychological maladjustment. Along with this, it is established that the astigmatic component correction of complex myopic astigmatism, it is advisable to perform in the range of 60–75 % of the required (according to cycloplegics examination of refraction). At the same time, the level of visual performance (in the most difficult conditions of presentation of test information of the type “choice of signal from several — evaluation of the signal — response ratio”) with incomplete (60–75 %) correction by 12.7–20.4 % (p < 0.05) is higher than with partial (75–85 %) and complete, taking into account minor differences in the achieved visual acuity (0.04–0.08, p > 0.05). In addition, the practical expediency of applying a multidisciplinary approach to the correction of asthenopia, based on the complex effects of specific and non-specific methods of stimulation of vision. It was found that the combined use of multidirectional technologies of physical impact (low-energy laser radiation, cranial osteopathic effects and special training of the cervical-thoracic spine) provides effective correction of accommodation disorders, which is confirmed by a pronounced, statistically significant positive dynamics of clinical and functional, ophthalmic-ergonomic and subjective indicators of the visual system after a course of therapeutic and restorative measures.
Korelasi antara kadar procalcitonin dengan serum transaminase pada pasien sepsis: sebuah studi pendahuluan
Authors: Kuswoyo Nur Hadi , Natadidjaja Ronald Irwanto 
Published: March 2019

LATAR BELAKANGSepsis merupakan suatu respon sistemik terhadap infeksi. Sepsis masih merupakan penyebab kematian utama pada kasus kritis di berbagai penjuru dunia. Central of Disease Control (CDC) pada tahun 2016 mencatat sedikitnya 1.7 juta orang dewasa mengalami sepsis per tahunnya, dengan angka kematian mencapai rata rata 270.000 orang per tahun di Ameriksa Serikat. Procalcitonin (PCT) merupakan pemeriksaan baku emas pada kasus sepsis bakterial. Kejadian sepsis akan menyebabkan terjadinya gagal multi-organ, tak terkecuali terjadi gagal hati. Penelitian ini merupakan sebuah studi pendahuluan, yang mencoba untuk melihat korelasi antara peningkatan PCT dengan peningkatan serum transaminase pada pasien-pasien yang didiagnosis sepsis.
METODEPenelitian ini merupakan prelimanary study, bersifat analitik observasional dengan jumlah sampel sebesar 36 subyek, dan rancangan penelitian potong lintang di ruang ICU sebuah rumah sakit di Jawa Barat. Pada penelitian ini reduksi perancu dilakukan melalui kriteria inklusi-eksklusi, dilakukan uji korelasi Spearman setelah terlebih dahulu dilakukan uji normalitas.
HASILData yang diperoleh rerata usia subjek penelitian adalah 47.5 ± 3.57 tahun. Hasil kadar serum transaminase (SGPT) pada pasien sepsis menunjukkan rata-rata 60.4167±1.65/mm3. Rata-rata kadar procalcitonin pada pasien sepsis adalah 6.5083±0.78 ng/ml. Koefisien korelasi yang didapat pada penelitian ini antara kadar serum transaminase PCT dengan SGPT adalah r = 0.812 (p=0.000).
KESIMPULANPenelitian ini merupakan studi pendahuluan yang mungkin bisa memberikan suatu indikasi bahwa pada sepsis awal, sebenarnya sudah mulai terjadi disfungsi hati, dan dari penelitian ini terdapat korelasi yang signifikan antara peningkatan kadar PCT dengan SGPT.
GAMIFICAÇÃO COMO ESTRATÉGIA DE ENSINO
Authors: Michels Tatiana Aparecida , Padula Paz Daiane , Saldanha Ferreira Aline Maiara 
Published: March 2019

O comportamento e contexto de jogos em outras situações deram origem ao termo gamification, conhecido como gamificação ou ludificação em português. Usado inicialmente como estratégia de marketing este recurso passou a ser utilizado em diversas áreas do conhecimento, entre elas a educação. Seu uso tem sido considerado positivo em práticas pedagógicas pois, de forma lúdica, despertam interesse dos estudantes e pode ajudar a desenvolver certas habilidades além de colaborar para autonomia através de atividades diversas. Os elementos de jogos como recompensas, pontuação e desafios tem ganhado cada vez mais espaço e possibilidades, mostrando-se eficiente para aproximar estudantes e melhorar seu desempenho. Considerando-se o contexto atual das instituições de ensino, as quais estão repletas de nativos digitais que fazem uso constante das tecnologias digitais, entende-se que é essencial promover atividades adequadas ao seu perfil, e a gamificação é uma boa alternativa. Dessa forma, este artigo apresenta conceitos de gamificação e sua importância, além de exemplos de aplicabilidade como estratégia de ensino. Para tanto, realizou-se pesquisa bibliográfica sobre esta temática e buscou-se situações de uso para a construção do conhecimento. Conclui-se que a gamificação, apesar de ser um conceito relativamente novo, e de aplicabilidade ainda reduzida nos espaços escolares, é uma estratégia muito positiva pois desperta o interesse e atenção dos aprendizes, proporcionando engajamento no ensino. Palavras-chave: Gamificação. Tecnologias. Ensino.
OBJETIVOS DO DESENVOLVIMENTO SUSTENTÁVEL: UMA ANÁLISE DO ODS 6 PARA OS PAÍSES DO MERCOSUL
Authors: Da Silva Creir , Pereira Máriam Trierveiler 
Published: March 2019

Com base nos inimigos históricos da humanidade foi publicada, em 2000, a Declaração do Milênio das Nações Unidas, que estabeleceu compromissos mínimos pela promoção da dignidade humana em todo o planeta, consolidada nos Objetivos de Desenvolvimento do Milênio (ODM). Em 2015, foi definida a agenda pós-2015 para o Desenvolvimento Sustentável, tendo em vista a continuidade das ações para o avanço em todos os níveis. Os dezessete Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentável (ODS) mesclam de forma equilibrada, as três dimensões do desenvolvimento sustentável. Destes, o ODS-6 busca assegurar a disponibilidade e gestão sustentável e saneamento para todos. Este trabalho tem como objetivo realizar um estudo dos indicadores que compõem o ODS-6 para os países do Mercosul. Os países integrantes são: Argentina, Bolívia, Brasil, Chile, Colômbia, Equador, Guiana, Paraguai, Peru, Suriname, Uruguai e Venezuela. As informações foram coletadas na base de dados do relatório de 2017 do “Índice e Painéis dos Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentável” e foram realizadas análises dos dados que compõem o ODS-6. Os resultados foram classificados em: pleno atendimento, situação regular e atendimento precário, conforme a metodologia adotada. Em relação ao acesso a fontes melhoradas de água, apenas Argentina, Chile e Uruguai estão com pleno atendimento. Com relação ao acesso a instalações sanitárias melhoradas os países que ainda estão em atendimento precário são Bolívia e Peru. Todos os países desse estudo encontram-se em situação precária quanto à captação de água doce. Considerando que os ODM já tinham como metas o acesso à água e ao saneamento desde 2000, verifica-se que, dos países estudados, muitos se encontram em situação alarmante quanto ao cumprimento integral do ODS-6, sobretudo Bolívia e Peru, que apresentam situação precária nos três indicadores. Contudo, todos os países do Mercosul têm grandes possibilidades de atingirem as metas até 2030.
Vibroacoustic measurements and analysis of blasting works
Authors: Pyra Józef , Kłaczyński Maciej 
Published: March 2019

Blasting works cause short-term high-energy shock waves - acoustic, air (airblast) and paraseismic. The duration of the event can be up to 2-3 seconds, while the rise time to the peak value is directly related to the delay between the individual explosive material (EM) and the firing sequence and ranges from a few to several milliseconds. Their propagation in the environment can affect people, animals and construction structures located not only in the close but also further distance from their source. If EM is placed on the surface of the earth during the detonation, the shock wave spreads evenly in all directions in the half-space, and when the detonation follows in rock, the wave usually travels in one direction and is accompanied by a paraseismic wave. However, the sound heard when detonating is part of the wave spectrum in the band from 20 to 20000 Hz, while the airblast itself has a frequency of less than 20 Hz. Since at some distance from the detonated EM, the parameters of the airblast are close to the parameters of the acoustic wave, the method of spreading the acoustic wave depends to a great extent on atmospheric conditions, i.e. density, temperature and humidity of the air, and from wind speed and its direction. To get to know the essence of the phenomenon of the impact of blasting works, measurements are carried out considering the propagation conditions, i.e. meteorological conditions as well as vibration analysis in the ground itself and on the building substructure. This paper presents the results of research carried out by the Authors in terms of the correct assessment of the impact range (acoustic, airblast, paraseismic waves) during EM detonation placed on the surface.