bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Blunted neural response to gains versus losses associated with both risk‐prone and risk‐averse behavior in a clinically diverse sample
Authors: Huggins Ashley A. , Weinberg Anna , Gorka Stephanie M. , Shankman Stewart A. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractReduced responsiveness to reward has been associated with both risk‐prone and risk‐averse behavior, common features of externalizing and internalizing psychopathology, respectively. Thus, evidence has suggested a potential quadratic relationship (i.e., inverted U) between reward sensitivity and risk‐taking propensity. Blunted response to reward compared to loss may therefore demonstrate transdiagnostic utility as it relates to different patterns of maladaptive risk behavior. The current study sought to disentangle the relationship between risk and reward in a clinically diverse sample. In a sample of 210 adults (aged 18–30), the RewP (an ERP indexing differentiation between rewards and losses) was measured during a monetary guessing game, and risk‐taking propensity was measured with a behavioral task (i.e., BART) that simulates real‐world risk taking. Participants also completed clinical assessments to assess for lifetime psychopathology. Results indicated that there was no linear association between the RewP and risk‐taking propensity; however, there was a significant quadratic relationship. Thus, a reduced sensitivity to reward receipt was associated with both risk‐prone and risk‐averse behavior. There was also a significant quadratic relationship between the RewP and money won during the BART, indicating that being too risk prone or risk averse is disadvantageous and leads to missed reward. Overall, these findings suggested that blunted neural differentiation between gains and losses may contribute to deficits in effectively weighing reward and loss and result in maladaptive risk‐taking behavior. These findings support continued examination of reward dysfunction dimensionally in order to better characterize behavioral profiles implicated in clinical phenotypes.
Modern and historical tropical cyclone and tsunami deposits at the coast of Myanmar: Implications for their identification and preservation in the geological record
Authors: Brill Dominik , Seeger Katharina , Pint Anna , Reize Felix , Hlaing Kay Thwe , Seeliger Martin , Opitz Stephan , Win Khin Mi Mi , Nyunt Win Thuzar , Aye Nilar , Aung Aung , Kyaw Kyaw , Kraas Frauke , Brückner Helmut 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe catastrophic storm surge of tropical cyclone Nargis in May 2008 demonstrated Myanmar's exposure to coastal flooding. The investigation of sediments left by tropical cyclone Nargis and its predecessors is an important contribution to prepare for the impact of future tropical cyclones and tsunamis in the region, because they may extend the database for long‐term hazard assessment beyond the relatively short instrumental and historical record. This study, for the first time, presents deposits of modern and historical tropical cyclones and tsunamis from the coast of Myanmar. The aim is to establish regional sedimentary characteristics that may help to identify and discriminate cyclones and tsunamis in the geological record, and to document post‐depositional changes due to tropical weathering in the first years after deposition. These findings if used to interpret older deposits will extend the existing instrumental record of flooding events in Myanmar. Evaluating deposits that can be related to specific events, such as the 2006 tropical cyclone Mala and the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami, indicates similar sedimentary characteristics for both types of sediments. Landward thinning and fining trends, littoral sediment sources and sharp lower contacts allow for the differentiation from underlying deposits, while discrimination between tropical cyclone and tsunami origin is challenging based on the applied methods. The modern analogues also demonstrate a rather low preservation potential of the sand sheets due to carbonate dissolution, formation of organic top soils, and coastal erosion. However, in coastal depressions sand sheets of sufficient thickness (>10 cm) may be preserved where the shoreline is prograding or stable. In the most seaward swale of a beach‐ridge plain at the Rakhine coast, two sand sheets have been identified in addition to the deposits of 2006 tropical cyclone Mala. Based on a combination of optically stimulated luminescence, radiocarbon and 137Cs dating, the younger sand layer is related to 1982 tropical cyclone Gwa, while the older sand layer is most probably the result of an event that took place prior to 1950. Comparison with historical records indicates that the archive is only sensitive to tropical cyclones of category 4 (or higher) with landfall directly in or a few tens of kilometres north of the study area. While the presented tropical cyclone records are restricted to the last 100 years, optically stimulated luminescence ages of the beach ridges indicate that the swales landward of the one investigated in this study might provide tropical cyclone information for at least the past 700 years.
Macro‐Level Research on the Effect of Firearms Prevalence on Suicide Rates: A Systematic Review and New Evidence*
Authors: Kleck Gary 
Published: February 2019

ObjectiveTo systematically review the methods and findings of previous macro‐level research on the effect of firearms prevalence on suicide rates, and carry out a better state‐level analysis.MethodsA cross‐sectional model of suicide rates is estimated with weighted least squares, using direct survey measures of gun prevalence.Results and ConclusionPrior macro‐level research is afflicted by the use of small samples of large heterogeneous units, invalid measures of gun prevalence, and few controls for confounders. The methodologically soundest prior research indicates that gun prevalence affects rates of gun suicides, but not total suicides. The new analysis likewise finds no significant effect of gun prevalence on total suicide rates.
Assessment of cocoa input needs using soil types and soil spectral analysis
Authors: Singh Kanika , Vasava Hitesh B. , Snoeck Didier , Das Bhabani S. , Yinil David , Field Damien , Sanderson Todd , Fidelis Chris , Majeed Israr , Panigrahi Niranjan 
Published: February 2019

AbstractIn this study, diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) approach was examined for making input recommendations in the smallholder cocoa farms of Papua New Guinea (PNG). Soil samples were collected from four provinces of PNG. Soil samples from four different depths (0–10, 10–30, 30–60 and 60–90 cm) of 32 profiles in each of these site were used to create a database of soil chemical and physical properties. Spectral reflectance values at 1 nm interval covering visible to shortwave‐infrared (350–2,500 nm) were collected for each of these soil samples to develop partial least squares regression models. Soil textural fractions, soil organic carbon contents and available N were well predicted by the DRS approach with R2 values larger than 0.75. Moderate to poor estimation efficiencies were observed for remaining parameters. Nevertheless, the estimated soil attributes and their corresponding measured soil parameters were used as inputs to an input recommendation model of soil diagnosis to create input recommendation for a targeted cocoa yield of 1,000 kg dry cocoa beans ha‐1 Resulting input recommendations were similar for both of these input sources (measured and DRS‐estimated) suggesting that the DRS approach may provide an easy way to create input recommendations.
Effect of polyoma viremia on 3‐year allograft kidney function
Authors: David‐Neto Elias , Agena Fabiana , Silva Ribeiro David Daisa , Paula Flavio Jota de , Camera Pierrotti Ligia Camera , Domingues Fink Maria Cristina , Fonseca de Azevedo Luiz Sergio 
Published: February 2019

AbstractBackgroundPolyoma viremia is associated with damage to renal tubular and urothelial cells. This may imply that a certain level of viremia, even cleared thereafter, could be associated with long‐term renal dysfunction.MethodsWe, retrospectively, analyzed 390 first renal transplants adult recipients (≥18 years) who were monitored for BK viremia in the first 12 months and evaluated estimated GFR (MDRD‐4 equation) at 1 month and at the last follow‐up (959 ± 392 days).ResultsOne hundred and ninety‐nine patients (51%) developed at least one positive viremia: 105 (53%) low viremia (<104 copies/mL), 36 (18%) high viremia (4 × 104 > viremia ≥ 104 copies/mL) and 58 (15%) viremia (≥4 × 104 copies/mL) consistent with polyoma virus associated nephropathy (PyVAN). Out of these 58 patients, 24 (6%) developed bx‐proven (SV40+) PyVAN and 34(8.7%) presumptive PyVAN (SV40−). Baseline characteristics, immunosuppression, KDRI, rejection episodes, etc., did not differ among groups but there were more deceased donors and ATG induction therapy in the high viremia group. At last follow‐up, all patients in the low, high viremia and presumptive PyVAN (except 2) had cleared BK viremia. Bx‐proven PyVAN led to 14 graft losses, 10 due to PyVAN. In the presumptive PyVAN there was only one graft loss registered as due to PyVAN. eGFR, at 1 month after KTx, did not differ among groups (51 ± 22 vs 48 ± 24 vs 45 ± 27 vs 43 ± 18 vs 46 ± 22 mL/min/1.73 m2), for no, low and high viremia as well for presumptive PyVAN and bx‐proven PyVAN groups, respectively. At the last follow‐up, eGFR did not differ between the no, low, and high viremia compared to baseline and to each other but was statistically lower in the presumptive and bx‐proven PyVAN (38 ± 15 and 17 ± 7 mL/min/1.73 m2) either compared to baseline or to the other groups.ConclusionsThis study shows that low and high levels of BK viremia do not lead to GFR changes although very high viremia levels, compatible with presumptive or bx‐proven PyVAN, even if cleared thereafter, lead to allograft damage and decreased GFR.
Medicago falcata MfSTMIR, an E3 ligase of endoplasmic reticulum‐associated degradation, is involved in salt stress response
Authors: Zhang Rongxue , Chen Hong , Duan Mei , Zhu Fugui , Wen Jiangqi , Dong Jiangli , Wang Tao 
Published: February 2019

SummaryRecent studies on E3 of endoplasmic reticulum (ER)‐associated degradation (ERAD) in plants have revealed homologs in yeast and animals. However, it remains unknown whether the plant ERAD system contains a plant‐specific E3 ligase. Here, we report that MfSTMIR, which encodes an ER‐membrane‐localized RING E3 ligase that is highly conserved in leguminous plants, plays essential roles in the response of ER and salt stress in Medicago. MfSTMIR expression was induced by salt and tunicamycin (Tm). mtstmir loss‐of‐function mutants displayed impaired induction of the ER stress‐responsive genes BiP1/2 and BiP3 under Tm treatment and sensitivity to salt stress. MfSTMIR promoted the degradation of a known ERAD substrate, CPY*. MfSTMIR interacted with the ERAD‐associated ubiquitin‐conjugating enzyme MtUBC32 and Sec61‐translocon subunit MtSec61γ. MfSTMIR did not affect MtSec61γ protein stability. Our results suggest that the plant‐specific E3 ligase MfSTMIR participates in the ERAD pathway by interacting with MtUBC32 and MtSec61γ to relieve ER stress during salt stress.
International assessment of massive transfusion protocol contents and indications for activation
Authors: Thomasson Reggie R. , Yazer Mark H. , Gorham James D. , Dunbar Nancy M. ,   MTP Use Study Investigators, on behalf of the Biomedical Excellence for Safer Transfusion (BEST) Collaborative
Published: February 2019

BACKGROUNDMassive transfusion protocols (MTPs) provide blood products rapidly and in fixed amounts. MTPs are commonly used in trauma but may also be used in other clinical settings, although evidence to support fixed‐ratio resuscitation in nontraumatic hemorrhage is lacking. The goals of this study were to describe the types and contents of available MTPs and the clinical indications for MTP activation.METHODSA survey was distributed to 353 transfusion medicine specialists to assess the types and contents of available MTPs. Survey participants were invited to provide the clinical indications for consecutive adult and pediatric MTP activations for at least 6 months during 2015 to 2017.RESULTSThere were 125 completed surveys (35% response rate) including three from children's specialty hospitals. Most hospitals that treated adult patients (90/122, 74%) utilized only one MTP for all adult bleeding emergencies, while one hospital had no MTP. Of the 31 hospitals that provided more than one adult MTP, 20 provided MTPs specific for obstetric bleeding cases. Of these, 50% (10/20) included at least one pool of cryoprecipitate or fibrinogen concentrate in the first MTP round, compared with 14% (13/90) of the hospitals with one MTP (p = 0.0012). Fifty‐seven hospitals provided the clinical indication for 4176 adult and 155 pediatric MTP activations. Although trauma was the single most common indication, the majority of adult (58%) and pediatric (65%) activations were for nontrauma indications.CONCLUSIONSThe majority of hospitals use a single MTP to manage massive hemorrhage. The majority of MTP activations were for nontrauma indications.
Efficacy of a new pathogen‐reduced cryoprecipitate stored 5 days after thawing to correct dilutional coagulopathy in vitro
Authors: Cushing Melissa M. , Asmis Lars M. , Harris Rebecca M. , DeSimone Robert A. , Hill Shanna , Ivascu Natalia , Haas Thorsten 
Published: February 2019

BACKGROUNDFibrinogen supplementation during bleeding restores clot strength and hemostasis. Cryoprecipitate, a concentrated source of fibrinogen, has prolonged preparation time for thawing, a short shelf life resulting in frequent wastage, and infectious disease risk. This in vitro study investigated the efficacy of a new pathogen‐reduced cryoprecipitate thawed and stored at room temperature for 5 days (PR Cryo) to treat dilutional hypofibrinogenemia, compared to immediately thawed standard cryoprecipitate (Cryo) or fibrinogen concentrate (FC).STUDY DESIGN AND METHODSTen phlebotomy specimens from healthy volunteers were diluted 1:1 with crystalloid and supplemented with PR Cryo and Cryo (at a dose replicating transfusion of two pooled doses [10 units]) and FC at a dose replicating 50 mg/kg. Changes in clot firmness (thromboelastometry) and in coagulation factor activity were assessed at baseline, after dilution, and after supplementation.RESULTSClinical dosing was used, as described above, and consequently the FC dose contained 24% and 36% more fibrinogen versus PR Cryo and Cryo, respectively. At baseline, subjects had a median FIBTEM maximum clot firmness of 13.5 mm, versus 6.5 mm after 50% dilution (p = 0.005). After supplementation with PR Cryo, a median FIBTEM maximum clot firmness of 13 mm was observed versus 9.0 mm for Cryo (p = 0.005) or 16.5 mm for FC (p = 0.005). Median factor XIII was higher after PR Cryo (64.8%) versus Cryo (48.3%) (p = 0.005). Fibrinogen activity was higher after FC (269.0 mg/dL) versus PR Cryo (187.0 mg/dL; p = 0.005) or Cryo (193.5 mg/dL; p = 0.005); the difference between PR Cryo and Cryo supplementation (p = 0.445) was not significant.CONCLUSIONPR Cryo used 5 days after thawing effectively restores clot strength after in vitro dilution.
Congenital lacrimal fistula in two prim'Holstein calves
Authors: Jugant Sophie , Robin Marie‐Claire , Regnier Alain , Cassard Hervé , Herman Nicolas , Conchou Fabrice , Douet Jean‐Yves 
Published: February 2019

AbstractTwo 4‐ and 8‐month‐old prim'Holstein calves were presented for chronic epiphora. Examination of the affected eyes revealed an abnormal duct opening inferonasal to the medial canthus. A diagnosis of congenital lacrimal fistula was made based on conventional and computed tomographic‐dacryocystography findings. These revealed an ectopic channel connecting the nasolacrimal duct to the skin opening near the medial canthus. Both of the calves were surgically treated with resection and closure of the ectopic duct and placement of a nasolacrimal stent.
A multicenter retrospective study on cryopreserved amniotic membrane transplantation for the treatment of complicated corneal ulcers in the dog
Authors: Costa Daniel , Leiva Marta , Sanz Fernando , Espejo Victoria , Esteban Javier , Vergara Jorge , Díaz Clinio , Huguet Eduardo , Cairó Martí , Ríos José , Peña Maria Teresa 
Published: February 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo describe the surgical technique and outcome of amniotic membrane transplantation (AMT) for treatment of complicated corneal ulcers in dogs.Animals studiedOne hundred and eleven dogs.ProcedureMedical records (2010‐2017) were reviewed to identify canine patients that underwent AMT for the treatment of complicated corneal ulcers. Quantitative and ordinal variables were analyzed using Mann‐Whitney U test and Fisher's Exact test.ResultsBrachycephalic breeds were overrepresented (74/111; 66.6%). Three dogs were bilaterally affected. Fifty‐one had melting ulcers (51/114; 44.7%), 33 stromal ulcers (33/63; 52.4%), 17 descemetoceles (17/63; 27%), and 13 perforations (13/63;20.6%). Mean defect size was 6.2 mm (2‐18 mm). Human (32/114; 28.1%) or bovine (82/114; 71.9%) (AmnioVet(R)) cryopreserved amniotic membranes were used. Monolayer (31/114; 27.2%), bilayer (44/114; 38.6%) or multilayer technique (39/114; 34.2%) was performed, being anchored to the limbus (52/114; 45.6%), to the defect (48/114; 42.1%) or both (14/114; 12.3%). Mean epithelial healing and follow‐up times were 25.6 days (15‐45) and 98.7 days (21‐400), respectively. Most common postsurgical complications included pigmentation (10/114; 8.8%) and graft failure (5/114; 4.4%). Depth and size of corneal lesions, human amniotic membrane (AM) and concurrent ocular diseases were associated with more complications (P < 0.05). Good cosmetic and visual outcomes were achieved in 99.1% (113/114) and 97.4% (111/114) of cases, respectively. Zero to low graft opacity was seen in 23.9% of the eyes (27/113), mild to moderate in 64.6% (73/113) and complete in 11.5% (13/113).ConclusionsCryopreserved AMT is an effective surgical technique for the treatment of complicated corneal ulcers in the dog, with highly satisfactory visual and cosmetic outcomes.
Evaluation of DMSO dextrose as a suitable alternative for DMSO dextran in cord blood cryopreservation
Authors: Raffo Diego , Perez Tito Leticia , Pes María Elisa , Fernandez Sasso Diego 
Published: February 2019

Background and ObjectivesUmbilical cord blood is considered an alternative source of hematopoietic stem cells. Standard banking procedures use 50/55% DMSO in dextran 40 for cryopreservation and dextran‐based solutions for thawing, however, due to the potential risk of crystallization of dextran, dextran 40 approved for clinical use has become limited or unavailable. This affects cryopreservation and thawing procedures. Carbohydrates, in particular sucrose, trehalose and glucose, have been shown to be effective in reducing cell damage during dehydration and have cryoprotective potential. We aim to study a 50/55% DMSO in 5% dextrose cryopreservation solution as an alternative to DMSO dextran.Materials and MethodsEighteen samples were divided into two aliquots and cryopreserved, one using standard solution and the other with DMSO dextrose experimental solution. Both aliquots were thawed and diluted with PBS or saline. Total nucleated cells counts, 7‐AAD viability of CD45+ cells and recovery of CD34+ viable cells were assessed on thawed samples and compared between pair of aliquots.ResultsNo differences were observed in the total nucleated cells recovery between cryopreservation solutions, however, higher viability and CD34+ viable cells recoveries were observed using the experimental solution.ConclusionResults showed that DMSO dextrose cryopreservation solution had better results than the standard solution when thawed in an isotonic solution. This indicates that DMSO dextrose is probably a better alternative for direct infusion or when dextran thawing solutions are unavailable. Viability of CD45+ cells and recovery of CD34+ viable cells have positive correlation with engraftment, highlighting the relevance of the optimization of the cryopreservation and thawing process.
Implementation of the One Health approach to fight arbovirus infections in the Mediterranean and Black Sea Region: Assessing integrated surveillance in Serbia, Tunisia and Georgia
Authors: Dente Maria Grazia , Riccardo Flavia , Bolici Francesco , Colella Nello Augusto , Jovanovic Verica , Drakulovic Mitra , Vasic Milena , Mamlouk Habiba , Maazaoui Latifa , Bejaoui Mondher , Zakhashvili Khatuna , Kalandadze Irine , Imnadze Paata , Declich Silvia ,   the MeSA Working Group
Published: February 2019

AbstractBackgroundIn the Mediterranean and Black Sea Region, arbovirus infections are emerging infectious diseases. Their surveillance can benefit from one health inter‐sectoral collaboration; however, no standardized methodology exists to study One Health surveillance.MethodsWe designed a situation analysis study to document how integration of laboratory/clinical human, animal and entomological surveillance of arboviruses was being implemented in the Region. We applied a framework designed to assess three levels of integration: policy/institutional, data collection/data analysis and dissemination. We tested the use of Business Process Modelling Notation (BPMN) to graphically present evidence of inter‐sectoral integration.ResultsSerbia, Tunisia and Georgia participated in the study. West Nile Virus surveillance was analysed in Serbia and Tunisia, Crimea‐Congo Haemorrhagic Fever surveillance in Georgia. Our framework enabled a standardized analysis of One Health surveillance integration, and BPMN was easily understandable and conducive to detailed discussions among different actors/institutions. In all countries, we observed integration across sectors and levels except in data collection and data analysis. Data collection was interoperable only in Georgia without integrated analysis. In all countries, surveillance was mainly oriented towards outbreak response, triggered by an index human case.DiscussionThe three surveillance systems we observed prove that integrated surveillance can be operationalized with a diverse spectrum of options. However, in all countries, the integrated use of data for early warning and inter‐sectoral priority setting is pioneeristic. We also noted that early warning before human case occurrence is recurrently not operationally prioritized.