bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Physiochemical and nutritional characteristics, bioaccessibility and sensory acceptance of baked crackers containing broccoli co‐products
Authors: Lafarga Tomás , Gallagher Eimear , Bademunt Ariadna , Bobo Gloria , Echeverria Gemma , Viñas Inmaculada , Aguiló‐Aguayo Ingrid 
Published: August 2018

SummaryThe effects of the inclusion of broccoli co‐products into crackers on the bioaccessibility as well as their overall physical and nutritional quality were evaluated. Crackers were formulated using a 12.5 or 15.0% flour substitution level. Broccoli‐containing crackers presented higher specific volume and spread ratio and lower weight and specific volume than control crackers (P < 0.05). Crackers containing broccoli co‐products showed an increased green hue and a higher colour intensity (P < 0.05). Incorporation of broccoli co‐products into crackers significantly increased the total phenolic content and antioxidant capacity (P < 0.05). A simulated gastrointestinal digestion suggested that the amount of phenolic and antioxidant compounds released during digestion might be higher than what could be expected from common water‐organic extracts. The incorporation of broccoli co‐products into baked crackers would not only reduce the amount of food discarded as waste but also promote health and open novel commercial opportunities to food processors.
Screening of different agroindustrial by‐products for industrial enzymes production by fermentation processes
Authors: Taddia Antonela , Boggione María Julia , Tubio Gisela 
Published: August 2018

SummaryAgroindustrial by‐products are an abundant source of biocompounds that contain valuable nutrients, which are not exploited. In this work, lignocellulosic wastes (LW) were used in submerged fermentation (SmF) and solid‐state fermentation (SSF) by Aspergillus niger NRRL3 to obtain valuable enzymes required in industries. SmF using soya bean hulls (SH), wheat bran (WB) and a by‐product of wheat flour (F) produced the highest activities of endo‐1,4‐β‐xylanase (Xyl) and endo‐1,4‐β‐D‐glucanase (EG) being at least 3 times lower than those obtained by SSF. The highest ratio of Xyl to EG was obtained in SmF with F. Xyl obtained by SmF with WB was the most thermally resistant. The enzymatic extract obtained in SmF using SH presented a high power of saccharification. The production of enzymes for further application such as bioethanol generation process revalue these LW and can help offset growing environmental problems.
Best intentions or best practice? A case study of the nutritional needs and outcomes of a person with dementia living in a residential aged care home
Authors: Lea Emma J. , Goldberg Lynette R. , Price Andrea D. , Tierney Laura T. , McInerney Fran J. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractAimsTo evaluate the nutritional status and needs of a person with dementia living in an aged care home, including identification of barriers to, and effective strategies for, the provision of person‐centred care.BackgroundNutrition and hydration care are integral to quality of life for adults with dementia, but there is little research on whether staff knowledge around effective care strategies for residents is translated into optimal care.DesignFocused ethnographic single‐case design.MethodsThe perspectives of the resident, her prime family member, and six care staff were triangulated through interviews, observation, document audit, and medical file review to investigate the resident's nutrition and hydration status and needs (October 2014‐April 2015).ResultsDuring 3 years in care, this resident had lost weight steadily. Staff appeared attentive but did not maintain a systematic record of body mass index. At meals, staff encouraged eating but used ineffective strategies. Food was not served in ways that facilitated active participation. Eating and drinking were structured as tasks to be completed rather than activities to be enjoyed.ConclusionThis instrumental case study identified a task‐oriented, rather than person‐centred, approach to nutrition and hydration care, adversely affecting the resident's nutritional health and capability to participate actively.
Effects of depression on heart rate variability in elderly patients with stable coronary artery disease
Authors: Luo Ying , Zhang Shaomin , Zheng Rongrong , Xu Lian , Wu Jinhui 
Published: August 2018

AbstractBackgroundDepression is an independent risk factor in coronary artery disease (CAD). Our objective was to evaluate the impact of depression on heart rate variability (HRV) in patients with stable CAD.MethodsThis study included patients with a stable CAD who admitted to our hospital in the geriatric medical center from August 2016 to December 2016. All patients agreed to participate in the study and sign informed consent. The study group included 90 CAD patients with a diagnosis of depression and 99 CAD patients without depression. All study population underwent a 24‐hour Holter recording for HRV. The depression was assessed by 5‐Item Geriatric Depression.ResultsThere was a linear correlation between age and HRV. There were no significant differences in heart rate variability between male and female patients, married and unmarried/widowed, smoking and nonsmoking, drinking and nondrinking groups. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that there were correlations between depression and HRV. β‐blockers were associated with SDNN, SDANN, SDNN index, and RMSSD in HRV.ConclusionDepression is an important risk factor for heart rate variability in elderly patients with CAD. Clinicians should pay attention for evaluation of depressive patients with CAD.
Most probable number technique in Escherichia coli count using ISO 16649‐3, ISO 7251, and rapid test enumeration device (TEMPO EC) methods in milk and dairy products
Authors: Yörük Nuray Gamze 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe aim of the study was to compare of International Standard Organization (ISO) 7251, ISO 16649‐3 most probable number (MPN) assay for the enumeration of Escherichia coli group to the Tempo EC automated method using a variety of spiked milk and milk product foods. Foods evaluated in this study included wet pasta (crema), milk, ayran, and ice cream. The spiked food samples were diluted at three inoculation levels such as low, medium, and high. A comparison of the results indicated that automated system approximated the inoculation level to an automated system. In this study, TEMPO EC, ISO 16649‐3, and ISO 7251 methods are compliant for MPN E. coli count in high, medium, and low contamination level studies. Nevertheless, for precise results, performing primary validation studies by ISO, Association Française de Normalisation (AFNOR), and/or Association Of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC) will give more reliable results.Practical applicationsIn Turkish Food Codex Microbiological Criteria Communique, it is requested to perform studies of E. coli analysis method in milk and milk products as per ISO 16649‐3. However, in the revised version of ISO 16649‐3, it is stated in the scope of the standard that this method does not provide a full assessment for all products particularly for milk and milk products and that ISO 7251 method should be used in these samples. As it is required in new methods, it has been intended to perform comparative analyses to low, medium, and high inoculation level with rapid the TEMPO EC card and conventional test methods by ISO, AFNOR, and/or AOAC. If the use of TEMPO EC, laboratory response time will improve with automation reducing the time for enumeration of E. coli from 4 days to 24 hr, especially critical for evaluation of perishable foods and outbreak events.
Long‐Term Nursing Home Entry: A Prognostic Model for Older Adults with a Family or Unpaid Caregiver
Authors: Wolff Jennifer L. , Mulcahy John , Roth David L. , Cenzer Irena S. , Kasper Judith D. , Huang Jin , Covinsky Kenneth E. 
Published: August 2018

ObjectivesTo comprehensively examine factors associated with long‐term nursing home (NH) entry from 6 domains of older adult and family caregiver risk from nationally representative surveys and develop a prognostic model and a simple scoring system for use in risk stratification.DesignRetrospective observational study.SettingNational Long‐Term Care Surveys 1999 and 2004 and National Health and Aging Trends Study 2011 and linked caregiver surveys.ParticipantsCommunity‐living older adults receiving help with self‐care disability and their primary family or unpaid caregiver (N=2,676).MeasurementsPrediction of long‐term NH entry (>100 days or ending in death) by 24 months follow up, ascertained from Minimum Data Set assessments and dates of death from Medicare enrollment files. Risk factors were measured from survey responses.ResultsIn total, 16.1% of older adults entered a NH. Our final model and risk scoring system includes 7 independent risk factors: older adult age (1 point/5 years), living alone (5 points), dementia (3 points), 3 or more of 6 self‐care activities (2 points), caregiver age (45–64: 1 point, 65–74: 2 points, ≥75: 4 points), caregiver help with money management (2 points), and caregiver report of moderate (2 points) or high (4 points) strain. Using this model, participants were assigned to risk quintiles. Long‐term NH entry was 7.0% in the lowest quintile (0–6 points), 20.4% in the middle 3 quintiles (7–14 points), and 30.9% in the highest quintile (15–22 points). The model was well calibrated and demonstrated moderate discrimination (c‐statistic=0.670 in the original data, c‐statistic=0.647 in bootstrapped samples, c‐statistic=0.652 using the point‐scoring system).ConclusionWe developed a prognostic model and simple scoring system that may be used to stratify risk of long‐term NH entry of community‐living older adults. Our model may be useful for population health and policy applications.
Improving the ED‐to‐Home Transition: The Community Paramedic–Delivered Care Transitions Intervention—Preliminary Findings
Authors: Shah Manish N. , Hollander Matthew M. , Jones Courtney MC , Caprio Thomas V. , Conwell Yeates , Cushman Jeremy T. , DuGoff Eva H. , Kind Amy J.H. , Lohmeier Michael , Mi Ranran , Coleman Eric A. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractObjectivesTo describe a novel model of care that uses community‐based paramedics to deliver a modified version of the evidence‐based hospital‐to‐home Care Transitions Intervention (CTI) to a new context: the emergency department (ED)‐to‐home transition.DesignSingle‐blind randomized controlled trial.SettingThree EDs in 2 cities.ParticipantsThrough June 2017, 422 individuals discharged home from the EDs who provided consent and were randomized to receive the modified CTI.InterventionWe modified the hospital‐to‐home CTI, applying it to the ED‐to‐home transition and delivering services through community paramedics, allowing the program to benefit from the unique attributes of paramedics to deliver care.MeasurementsThrough surveys of participants, medical record review, and documentation of activities by CTI coaches, we characterize the participants and program, including feasibility and acceptability.ResultsMedian age of participants was 70.7, 241 (57.1%) were female, and 385 (91.2%) were white. Coaches successfully completed 354 (83.9%) home visits and 92.7% of planned telephone follow‐up for call 1, 90.9% for call 2, and 85.8% for call 3. We found high levels of acceptability among participants, with most participants (76.2%) and their caregivers (83.1%) reporting themselves likely or extremely likely to choose an ED featuring the CTI program in the future. Coaches reported delivering expected services during contact at least 88% of the time.ConclusionAlthough final conclusions about program effectiveness must await the results of the randomized controlled trial, the findings reported here are promising and provide preliminary support for an ED‐to‐home CTI Program's ability to improve outcomes. The coaches' identity as community paramedics is particularly noteworthy, because this is a unique role for this provider type. J Am Geriatr Soc 66:2213–2220, 2018.
A Randomized Clinical Trial of Wheeled Mobility for Pressure Injury Prevention and Better Function
Authors: Brienza David M , Karg Patricia E , Bertolet Marnie , Schmeler Mark , Poojary‐Mazzotta Prerna , Vlachos Helen , Wilkinson Debora 
Published: August 2018

ObjectivesTo evaluate the effectiveness of wheelchair assessment and configuration on pressure injury incidence, mobility, and functioning in a wheelchair.DesignRandomized controlled trial with participants individually randomized into intervention and control groups.SettingNursing home.ParticipantsNursing home residents aged 60 and older who used wheelchairs and were at risk for pressure injuries (N=258).InterventionTreatment and evaluation, individually configured wheelchair and skin protection cushion; control and evaluation, facility‐provided wheelchair and skin protection cushion.MeasurementsPressure injury incidence, Nursing Home Life Space Diameter score, Functioning Every Day in a Wheelchair—Capacity (FEW‐C) score, and Wheelchair Skills Test (WST) score.ResultsNo differences in pressure injuries (p=.77) were found. Pelvic rotation (odds ratio (OR)=0.15, 95% confidence interval (CI)=0.03–0.70, p=.02) and Day 14 WST skill score (OR=0.74, 95% CI=0.60–0.91, p=.004) were significant predictors of pressure injuries. Significant differences were observed between groups in change in FEW‐C independence scores between before randomization and endpoint (p=.03) and before randomization and 14 days (p=.04).ConclusionParticipants with individually configured wheelchairs improved more in the safe and effective use of their wheelchairs than residents with facility‐provided wheelchairs. The outcomes indicated that nursing home residents functioned safely at a higher level in their wheelchairs if their devices were individually configured using a comprehensive wheelchair and seating assessment process. There was no difference in the incidence of pressure injuries between the two groups.Trial registration: NCT01275313
A Composite Measure of Caregiver Burden in Dementia: The Dementia Burden Scale—Caregiver
Authors: Peipert John D. , Jennings Lee A. , Hays Ron D. , Wenger Neil S. , Keeler Emmett , Reuben David B. 
Published: August 2018

ObjectivesTo better capture the scope of caregiver burden by creating a composite of 3 existing measures that assess different health domains.DesignProspective follow‐up study.SettingUniversity‐based dementia care management program.ParticipantsCaregivers of persons with dementia (PWD) (N=1,091).MeasurementsThe composite measure (the Dementia Burden Scale—Caregiver (DBS‐CG)) was based on the Modified Caregiver Strain Index, Neuropsychiatric Inventory Questionnaire Distress Scale, and Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ‐9). Alternative factor structures were evaluated using 2 confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) models: a bifactor model and a 3 correlated factors model. Good model fit was defined as a root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) of less than 0.06 and comparative fit index (CFI) value greater than 0.95. Coefficient omega was used to estimate scale reliability. Minimally important differences (MIDs) were estimated by anchoring the magnitude of DBS‐CG change to change in caregiver self‐efficacy and functional ability of PWD.ResultsThe bifactor CFA model fit best (RMSEA = 0.04, CFI = 0.95). Based on this model, a DBS‐CG scale was created wherein all items were transformed to a possible range of 0 to 100 and then averaged. Higher scores indicate higher burden. Mean DBS‐CG score was 27.3. The reliability was excellent (coefficient omega=0.93). MID estimates ranged from 4 to 5 points (effect sizes: 0.20–0.49).ConclusionThis study provides support for the reliability and validity of the DBS‐CG. It can be used as an outcome measure to assess the effect of interventions to reduce dementia caregiver burden.
Nutritional quality and organic matter degradability of Brachiaria spp. agronomically biofortified with selenium
Authors: de Abreu Faria Letícia , Karp Felippe Hoffmann Silva , Righeto Patrícia Pimentel , Abdalla Filho Adibe Luiz , Lucas Ronaldo Carlos , Machado Marcos Canto , Natel Andressa Santanna , Graciano Thainá Carolina , Abdalla Adibe Luiz 
Published: August 2018

AbstractSelenium (Se) fertilisation in grazing systems can improve the quality of animal forage, but there are few studies addressing the influence of Se fertilisation on the chemical composition and ruminal degradability of forage fertilised with Se. The aim of this study was to evaluate the chemical composition and in vitro assays of truly degraded organic matter (TDOM), short‐chain fatty acids (SCFA) total gas (GP) and methane (CH4) production of two harvests of Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu fertilised with urea coated with B, Cu and sodium selenate for 0, 10, 20, 40, 80 and 160 g/ha of Se. Selenium content in forage increased linearly with the different doses at 30 and 60 days after fertilisation. However, doses of 20 and 80 g/ha Se fertilisation yielded positive effects increasing Se content and truly degraded organic matter in vitro of Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu.
Nationalism as legitimation: the appeal of ethnicity and the plea for popular sovereignty
Authors: Abulof Uriel 
Published: August 2018

AbstractWalker Connor is seemingly both a primordialist and a modernist: Nations emanate from basic human sentiments but emerged in late modernity. Is this not an aberration, a contradiction both conceptual and causal? Connor, a champion of academic clarity, obviously thought not, and he was right. What accounts for Connor's unique take on nationalism, and why, for many, does it still seem odd? The answer to both quandaries, I argue, lies in Connor's own unique splice: He effectively delved into, and fused, two thorny matters that most scholars shy away from, let alone try to bring together: human nature and legitimation. Both underpin his remarkable scholarship and its solitude standing. I explore both facets: first, Connor's take on human nature; then, more extensively, his analysis of legitimation – via ‘popular sovereignty’ and ‘self‐determination’.
‘Connor's communist control polities’: why ethno‐federalism does not explain the break‐up of the Soviet Union, Yugoslavia and Czechoslovakia
Authors: McGarry John 
Published: August 2018

AbstractWhen the Soviet Union, Yugoslavia and Czechoslovakia broke apart, several prominent academics argued that this was because they were federations (or ‘ethno‐federations’ as they put it). This article uses Walker Connor's magnum opus on Marxist–Leninist strategy and practice in communist states to show the flaws in these analyses. Connor's work shows that it is more plausible to link the fate of the three communist states to their anti‐federalist practices than to the fact that they were formally federal.
Etienne Gilson and Fr. Lawrence Dewan O.P.: Christian Philosophy as the Interdisciplinary Pursuit of Wisdom
Authors: Williams Hugh 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThis paper continues as the second part of my study of the relationship of Fr. Lawrence Dewan OP and Etienne Gilson. My first paper explored their metaphysical differences, while this second paper explores their common commitment to Christian philosophy and to St. Thomas Aquinas’ seminal work on the interrelationship of faith and reason as manifest most clearly in the interrelationship of revealed theology and philosophy. This leads us into a closer examination of Gilson's sustained treatment of this topic. However, we must acknowledge that this topic is often susceptible to unproductive philosophical and metaphysical abstraction. In order to avoid this, we depart from the standard method of treatment through an interdisciplinary appeal to the theological, philosophical, and historical implications of the bodily resurrection of Christ.
Christus Victor Motifs and Christ's Temptations in the Soteriology of Thomas Aquinas
Authors: Gallagher Joel R. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractGustaf Aulén's Christus Victor soteriological/atonement motif is constituted by the central theme of divine victory over the devil. Few scholars discuss at length the significance of Christ's victory over the devil in Aquinas's soteriology. A comparative analysis of the two treatments of Christ's victory over the devil will unveil the role and significance of that victory in Aquinas's soteriology. According to Aquinas, Christ's humanity and all his human actions are the instrumental efficient causes of salvation and, necessarily, his victory over the devil. Therefore, Christ's life prior to his Passion may be examined for evidence of that victory. The most obvious event for such an analysis is Christ's temptations which will offer a unique insight into Aquinas's presentation of Christ's victory over the devil.
Pope John XXIII, Conciliar and Contemporary Episcopal Pastoral Governance
Authors: Gadie Paul 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThis article will discuss the emergence of an increasingly cogent argument made by Pope John XXIII for a redefined role of episcopal pastoral governance in the (ante) preparatory phase of the Second Vatican Council and during early conciliar debate. Pope John will be presented as encouraging a renewed role for bishops in his public orations preceding the Council. This continued in his support of the conciliar process and encouragement given to senior bishops at critical moments during its first session. As contemporary understandings of episcopal governance were questioned before and at the Council, increasing numbers of bishops saw the possibilities of revitalising their governance role in a pastoral mode. Its contemporary relevance lies in Pope Francis’ call to build a synodal church in which episcopal governance is exercised at the local and universal levels. Today, this requires individual bishops ‘to assume their responsibilities to govern their own diocese, always in consultation with the faithful.’1
Sustainable eating: Opportunities for nutrition professionals
Authors: Pettinger C. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractIncreasing demand for food from a growing human population is leading to adverse environmental and health consequences. The emerging topical issue of sustainable eating and diets might offer new opportunities for the training of nutrition professionals. Ongoing research is uncovering synergies between how dietary patterns can meet both health and environmental goals. Yet this area is a challenge for the nutrition professions, as relevant education often involves politically driven, systems leadership‐style thinking, which is drawn from a less familiar evidence base than traditional nutritional sciences. As pressures mount to achieve sustainability agenda goals, new evidence appraisal and educational input are essential to support the potential role of nutrition professionals. This article appraises sustainable eating and diets, as well as considering the value of better education to be embedded more consistently within nutrition curricula and Continued Professional Development (CPD), to achieve sustainability literacy for nutrition professionals. The importance of stronger advocacy skills and collaborative leadership is also highlighted, as well as the need for more effective high‐level policy involvement. Recommendations for how nutrition professionals can be more effectively equipped for this emerging and dynamic area of professional practice are provided.