bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thermophysical properties of camelina (Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz) seeds fertilized with nitrogen
Authors: Ropelewska Ewa , Jankowski Krzysztof J. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of nitrogen fertilization (0, 40, 80, 120, 160 kg N ha−1) on changes in selected physical, thermal, and geometric parameters of camelina seeds. Samples 0 kg N ha−1 and 40 kg N ha−1 formed a homogenous group with lower values of 1,000 seed weight and differed significantly from the second homogeneous group of samples 80, 120, and 160 kg N ha−1 with higher 1,000 seed weight. Nitrogen fertilization did not exert a significant effect on bulk density, true density, or porosity. Fertilization had no significant effect on the thermal properties of camelina seeds. Based on all linear dimensions and shape factors, samples 0 and 40 kg N ha−1 formed one homogenous group and were significantly different from the remaining samples. Samples 0 and 40 kg N ha−1 were characterized by the lowest values of linear dimensions, including length, width, surface area, profile specific perimeter, and convex perimeter, the lowest values of selected shape factors, including diameter range, standard deviation of all radii, Blair‐Bliss coefficient, and Danielsson coefficient, as well as the highest values of the radius ratio and roundness.Practical ApplicationsNitrogen fertilization strongly influences the properties of camelina seeds. Camelina seeds subjected to 120 kg N ha−1 were characterized by the highest dimensions, such as: length, width, surface area, and high values of 1,000 seed weight and they may be most desirable to be used in practice.
Peasant agency in Ghana's oil palm sector: The impact of multiple markets on food sovereignty
Authors: Manley Ruth , Van Leynseele Yves 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThis paper contributes to the debate on peasant differentiation and market integration in the food sovereignty literature by examining the smallholder‐oriented oil palm sector in Ghana's eastern region. Against the background of loosening entry barriers in global value chains, and through an analysis of farmers' different positions in palm oil's multiple markets, we witness peasant‐like patterning of production and strategic market participation among well‐situated non‐contract farmers. We propose that such interface settings where commodity relations are present, but do not penetrate fully offer valuable entry points for revisiting the role of global markets in peasant reproduction in the Global South. We consequently argue the need to replace the idealized category of “peasant” with an analytical category that can recognize social differentiation and reproduction through partial engagement with commodity markets.
Interprofessional collaboration within fluid teams: Community nurses' experiences with palliative home care
Authors: Mertens Fien , De Gendt Anneleen , Deveugele Myriam , Van Hecke Ann , Pype Peter 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAims and objectivesTo explore how community nurses experience the collaboration with general practitioners and specialist palliative home care team nurses in palliative home care and the perceived factors influencing this collaboration.BackgroundThe complexity of, and the demand for, palliative home care is increasing. Primary palliative care is provided by community nurses and general practitioners, often in collaboration with palliative home care team nurses. Although these professionals may each individually be part of a fixed team, a new temporary team is often composed for every new palliative patient. These membership changes, referred to as team membership fluidity, challenge professionals to work effectively.Design and methodsA qualitative research design, using semi‐structured interviews with community nurses. Participant selection happened through regional palliative care networks in Belgium. The network's palliative home care team nurses selected community nurses with whom they recently collaborated. Twenty interviews were conducted. A constant comparative analysis approach was used. Consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research guidelines were followed.ResultsFormal interprofessional team meetings were not common practice. The other's approachability and knowing each other positively influenced the collaboration. Time constraints, the general practitioners' lack of expertise, communication style, hierarchy perception and income dependency negatively influenced the collaboration with general practitioners and determined palliative home care team nurses' involvement. The coping strategies of community nurses balanced between a behaviour focused to the patient and to the professional relationship. Specialist palliative home care team nurses were relied upon for their expertise but also to mediate when community nurses disagreed with general practitioners.ConclusionCommunity nurses showed to be highly adaptable within the fluid team. Strikingly, dynamics described in the doctor–nurse game 50 years ago are still present today and affect the interprofessional communication. Interprofessional education interventions can contribute to improved interprofessional collaboration.Relevance to clinical practiceThe study findings uncovered critical knowledge gaps in interprofessional collaboration in palliative home care. Insights are relevant for and related to professional well‐being and workplace learning.
The effect of low body mass index on the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and mortality
Authors: Park H. J. , Cho J. H. , Kim H. J. , Park J.‐Y. , Lee H. S. , Byun M. K. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackgroundSarcopenia may worsen disease progression and lead to poor outcomes in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).ObjectivesWe aimed to determine the effect of BMI on the development of COPD and mortality.MethodsWe enrolled 437 584 participants registered in the physical health check‐up cohort database of the Korean National Health Interview Survey from 2002 to 2003, and we defined COPD diagnosis based on the ICD‐10 code and prescribed medication. BMI (kg m−2) classified them to five groups (low BMI < 18.5, normal BMI 18.5–23, overweight 23–25, obesity 25–30, severe obesity ≥30) at baseline.ResultsParticipants in the low BMI group had a significantly higher rate of COPD development for 13 years (7.6%) than those in other groups (3.4–4.1%, P < 0.0001). Amongst never or light smokers, COPD development in the low BMI group (5.6–6.7%) was significantly higher than that in other groups (2.8–4.7%). Similarly, amongst participants with a smoking history of ≥30 years, COPD development in the low BMI group (20.1%) was higher than those in other groups (8.4–12.4%). On multivariable analysis, normal or higher than normal body weight was significantly protective against the development of COPD (hazard ratio [HR], 0.609–0.739,) compared to low BMI. COPD‐free‐survival (HR, 0.491–0.622) and overall survival (HR, 0.440–0.585) were also better in them compared to those with low BMI (all P < 0.0001).ConclusionsLow BMI is an important risk factor for COPD development and mortality. Maintaining adequate body weight may reduce the risk for COPD development and mortality.
Cationic antimicrobial peptides and periodontal physiopathology: A systematic review
Authors: Jourdain Marie‐Laure , Velard Frédéric , Pierrard Loïc , Sergheraert Johan , Gangloff Sophie C. , Braux Julien 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe purpose of this systematic review was to establish if patients suffering from periodontal diseases present differences in the expression or production of cationic antimicrobial peptides in saliva, gingival fluid, and periodontal tissues. Periodontal diseases are among the most common chronic diseases worldwide and share similar etiological or risk factors (genetic and/or environmental) with other systemic disorders. Over the last decade, an increasing number of publications have suggested the implication of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) in periodontal and oral tissues conditions. Literature searches were conducted through MEDLINE‐PubMed and EMBASE databases which identified 1267 publications. Only clinical studies that focused on assays of the expression and/or production of AMPs in human adult oral fluids (gingival crevicular fluid or saliva) or in oral tissues were retained and finally seventy‐four publications meeting inclusion criteria were included. Cathelicidin, α‐ and β‐defensins 1‐3 are the most documented AMPs regarding periodontal status. Significant correlations between clinical periodontal indexes (PD, CAL) and/or bacteriological index and LL37 level were retrieved. Data remain inconsistent between the studies for hBDs mainly due to heterogeneity of the results, periodontal disease diagnostic criteria and assaying technique employed. Given their role in innate immunity and their antimicrobial functions, LL‐37 and α‐defensins may be eligible as periodontal clinical biomarkers and could be an interesting way for therapeutic development.
A preliminary theory of managerialism as an ideology
Authors: Klikauer Thomas 
Published: June 2019

AbstractWhile many know or have used the term Managerialism, the development of a theory about Managerialism remains largely non‐existent. When management becomes an ideology we speak of Managerialism reaching beyond the simple administration of a business organisation. Like many “‐isms”, Managerialism carries connotations to ideology, thereby leading to the question: what would the development of a theory of Managerialism's ideology look like? Since Managerialism has been largely been clarified (Klikauer, 2013 & 2015), this paper builds on these ideas to examine the question of a theory of Managerialism ideology. This is tackled in three steps: the paper discusses what an ideology is; this is followed by a brief outline of twelve characteristics of ideology delivering a threefold definition of ideology and leading to two schools of thoughts; finally, the paper shows how ideology and Managerialism are linked. The paper's key argument is that any theory development on Managerialism cannot avoid the issue of ideology.
Pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of premalignant and malignant stages of cholangiocarcinoma in primary sclerosing cholangitis
Authors: Grimsrud Marit M. , Folseraas Trine 
Published: June 2019

AbstractPatients with primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) confer a high risk of cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). The molecular mechanisms of CCA development in PSC are incompletely understood, but pro‐oncogenic processes resulting from chronic biliary inflammation are presumably of central importance. Distinguishing benign from malignant biliary strictures in PSC patients is challenging and accurately diagnosing CCA in PSC often requires a multifaceted approach involving imaging, serological testing, biliary brush cytology and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Lack of early detection tools leads to a late diagnosis in the majority of cases. Surgical resection or liver transplantation represent the only curative intent treatments in PSC‐CCA, but is only an option for the small subset of patients where CCA is detected at an early stage. Current palliative treatment modalities result in only a modest increase in survival. Overall, PSC‐CCA carries a dismal prognosis with a 5‐year survival less than 20%. Advances aiming at improving strategies for early detection, treatment and surveillance of CCA will be essential to provide better future patient care for PSC patients. Herein, we review the pathogenetic mechanisms for PSC‐CCA as well as strategies for diagnosing and managing premalignant and malignant stages of CCA in PSC.
Pilot implementation of a monitoring and enforcement system for the International Code of Marketing of Breast‐milk Substitutes in Cambodia
Authors: Hou Kroeun , Green Mackenzie , Chum Senveasna , Kim Christine , Stormer Ame , Mundy Gary 
Published: June 2019

AbstractGlobally, monitoring and enforcement mechanisms for the World Health Organization's International Code of Marketing of Breast‐milk Substitutes are often lacking. The Cambodian government adopted the Code as the national standard in Sub‐Decree 133 on Marketing of Products for Infant and Young Child Feeding. Following the formation of a multisectoral Oversight Board and development of detailed guidance documents for the implementation and enforcement of Sub‐Decree 133, a 7‐month pilot was conducted in 2017 to trial a monitoring system in four urban areas of Cambodia. The pilot included training of monitors from the Ministries of Health and Commerce, screening for violations at retail locations and health facilities, testing reporting mechanisms, and taking actions against violators. During the pilot, 85 national‐ and subnational‐level monitors were trained, 392 site visits were made, 2,377 monitoring checklists were completed, and 11 warning letters were issued to violators. Half of the completed checklists (52.9%) indicated Code violations, yet monitors submitted zero violation reports. The pilot revealed modifications needed to the monitoring system: integrate monitor trainings into existing ministry training curricula for sustainability; enhance targeting of monitors for Sub‐Decree training; delineate clear roles and responsibilities for the national and subnational levels; simplify monitoring checklists and violation reports; and improve integration of monitoring activities into routine ministry operations. Before the Sub‐Decree 133 monitoring and enforcement system is implemented throughout Cambodia, revisions must be made to ensure the viability of this system. Challenges and lessons learned can also guide Code monitoring efforts being undertaken by other countries.
Association of birth outcomes and postnatal growth with adult leukocyte telomere length: Data from New Delhi Birth Cohort
Authors: Tarik Mohamad , Ramakrishnan Lakshmy , Sinha Sikha , Sachdev Harsh Pal Singh , Tandon Nikhil , Roy Ambuj , Bhargava Santosh Kumar 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBorn small for gestational age due to undernutrition in utero and subsequent catch‐up growth is associated with risk of developing chronic diseases in adulthood. Telomere length has been shown to be a predictor of these age‐related diseases and may be a link between birth size, a surrogate for foetal undernutrition, and adult chronic diseases. We assessed the relationship of leukocyte telomere length in adult life with birth outcomes and serial change in body mass index (BMI) from birth to adulthood. Leukocyte relative telomere length (RTL) was measured by MMqPCR in 1,309 subjects from New Delhi Birth Cohort who participated in two phases of the study between 2006–2009 (Phase 6) and 2012–2015 (Phase 7) at a mean age of 39.08 (±3.29), and its association with birth outcomes and conditional BMI gain at 2, 11, and 29 years was assessed in a mixed regression model. We did not find any significant association of RTL with body size at birth including birthweight, birth length, and birth BMI. Gestational age was positively associated with RTL (P = .017, multivariate model: P = .039). Conditional BMI gain at 2 and 11 years was not associated with RTL. BMI gain at 29 year was negatively associated with RTL in multivariate model (P = .015). Born small for gestational age was not associated with RTL in adulthood. Leukocyte telomere attrition was observed in those born before 37 weeks of gestational age as well as in those who gained weight as adults, which may predispose to chronic diseases.
Trait Sensitivity, Anxiety, and Personality Are Predictive of Central Sensitization Symptoms in Patients with Chronic Low Back Pain
Authors: Clark Jacqui R. , Nijs Jo , Yeowell Gillian , Holmes Paul , Goodwin Peter C. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackgroundSensitivity‐related trait characteristics involving physical and emotional sensitivities and high trait anxiety personality types have been observed in individuals with nonspecific chronic low back pain (NSCLBP). High trait sensitivity to sensory stimulation combined with interpretation biases based on personality type may contribute to the development of central sensitization (CS) symptoms. To date, there is limited research that has considered both sensitivity levels and personality type in NSCLBP with CS. The purpose of this study was to investigate (1) relationships between trait sensory profiles, trait anxiety, and CS symptoms, and (2) the predictive capacity of sensory profiles, trait anxiety, and personality types on CS symptoms in people with NSCLBP.MethodsThis was a cross‐sectional observational study using 4 self‐report measures on adults (N = 165, mean age = 45 ± 12 [standard deviation] years) from physiotherapy clinics in England, Ireland, and New Zealand. Inclusion: NSCLBP > 6 months, age 18 to 64 years, predominant CS pain presentation, no other pathology. Parametric and nonparametric correlation statistics and regression analyses were used.ResultsPositive correlations were found between central sensitization inventory (CSI) scores and sensory hypersensitivity profiles and trait anxiety. CSI score increases could be predicted by sensory‐sensitive, low‐registration profiles; trait anxiety scores; and extreme defensive high anxious personality type.ConclusionsTrait sensory hyper‐ and/or hyposensitivity and high trait anxiety–related personality type characteristics predict the extent of CS symptoms in people with NSCLBP. Further investigation is required to establish causality between these characteristics and CS symptoms.
Wide hybridization and introgression breeding in safflower: Effectiveness of different selection methods
Authors: Espanani Soheila , Majidi Mohammad Mahdi , Saeidi Ghodratollah , Alaei Hossein , Rezaei Vahid 
Published: June 2019

AbstractPossibility of using interspecific hybridization to increase genetic diversity of drought tolerance in safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) and effectiveness of different selection methods is poorly understood. The main objectives of this study were to evaluate the effectiveness of (a) interspecific hybridization to expand genetic diversity in safflower for agronomic traits and drought tolerance in advance generations and (b) different selection methods (direct vs. indirect) for improving seed yield. Interspecific hybridizations were performed between species of C. tinctorius × C. palaestinus (TP), C. palaestinus × C. oxyacantha (PO) and C. tinctorius × C. oxyacantha (TO). Based on the field screening of genotypes in F3 generation, four groups of selected genotypes (derived from combination of direct and indirect selection under both drought and normal environments along with selection based on drought tolerance index (STI)) were evaluated in F4 and F5 generations. Indirect selection for seed yield was significantly more efficient than direct selection. Selection in stress environment resulted to more efficiency than selection in normal environment. No significant difference was observed between direct selection and selection based on STI. The result showed that TP was the best population to combine high seed yield and drought tolerance in safflower.
A Low‐Sulfidation Epithermal Mineralization in the River Reef Zone, the Poboya Prospect, Central Sulawesi, Indonesia: Vein Textures, Ore Mineralogy, and Fluid Inclusions
Authors: Rivai Tomy Alvin , Yonezu Kotaro , Syafrizal  , Sanematsu Kenzo , Kusumanto Damar , Imai Akira , Watanabe Koichiro 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe Poboya Prospect lies along the North Northwest ‐ South Southeast Palu‐Koro Fault Zone in the central part of the West Sulawesi Arc. The geology of the area consists of the Palu Metamorphic Complex overlain by the Paleogene‐Neogene Tinombo Formation of volcanosedimentary rocks, the Celebes Molasse sediment, and Late Cenozoic granitic rocks. Petrography, scanning electron microscope with energy‐dispersive spectrometry (SEM‐EDS), electron probe microanalyzer (EPMA), and fluid inclusion microthermometry were carried out to examine vein textures, ore mineralogy, and characteristics of the ore‐forming fluid responsible for mineralization in the River Reef Zone, the Poboya Prospect. Textures of quartz‐carbonate veins in the River Reef Zone include massive micro‐comb, moss, colloform, crustiform, mosaic, feathery, flamboyant, lattice bladed, ghost bladed, parallel bladed, and saccharoidal textures representing primary growth, recrystallization, and replacement. The homogenization temperature and fluid salinity are 240–250°C and 0.3–0.7 wt% NaCl eq., respectively. Ore minerals precipitated in the early stage consist of electrum, naumannite‐aguilarite, chalcopyrite, pyrite, marcasite, sphalerite, and pyrrhotite. Apart from pyrrhotite, these ore minerals were also precipitated in the late stage along with selenopolybasite, freibergite, argyrodite, pyrargyrite, and galena. Selenium more preferably occurs as the crystallographic replacement of sulfur in naumannite‐aguilarite, argyrodite, pyrargyrite, selenopolybasite, and freibergite instead of as independent selenide minerals. The low‐sulfidation epithermal deposit in the River Reef Zone, the Poboya Prospect, illustrates the potential of the West Sulawesi Arc, particularly along the Palu‐Koro Fault Zone, to host epithermal gold mineralization.
Anaplasma phagocytophilum presenting with orchitis in a renal transplant recipient
Authors: Khatri Akshay , Lloji Amanda , Doobay Richard , Wang Guiqing , Knoll Bettina , Dhand Abhay , Nog Rajat 
Published: June 2019

AbstractHuman granulocytic anaplasmosis (HGA), caused by Anaplasma phagocytophilum, is an emerging tick‐borne disease. It is spread by the black‐legged deer tick Ixodes scapularis that serves as the vector for six human pathogens. HGA is still rarely reported in solid organ transplant recipients. In solid organ transplant recipients, orchitis has been reported secondary to chickenpox, tuberculosis and infections due to Listeria monocytogenes and Nocardia asteroides. Orchitis as a presenting feature of HGA infection has only been reported in animals. We present a unique case of a renal transplant recipient with HGA that presented as orchitis. We also compare the clinical presentation and laboratory findings of our patient with other cases of HGA in transplant recipients. To the best of our knowledge, our patient is one of the first cases of A phagocytophilum mono‐infection causing a classical presentation of orchitis in a transplant patient.