bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Recent applications of paper‐based point‐of‐care devices for biomarker detection
Authors: Suntornsuk Worapot , Suntornsuk Leena 
Published: October 2019

AbstractDetection of biomarkers is essential for diagnosis and prognosis of diseases for healthcare teams to provide timely appropriate treatments. Reliable, inexpensive, and sensitive devices are desirable to serve this purpose. Paper‐based analytical devices (PADs) have gained enormous attention during the past decade as point‐of‐care devices for biomarker detection due to their simplicity, portability, and biocompatibility. Importantly, the devices highly comply with the WHO “ASSURED” concept (i.e. Affordable, Sensitive, Specific, User‐friendly, Rapid and Robust, Equipment free, and Deliverable to end‐users). Thus, PADs could be sustainably alternative tools for biomarker detection, especially in resources‐constraint areas where budget, skillful operators, and health infrastructure are limited. First, this review introduces overviews of biomarkers, their detection and brief history of PADs. Second, description of common fabrication and detection techniques in PADs are provided. Then, it highlights recent state of the art technologies and applications of PADs for various biomarker detection published during 2018 to May 2019. Applications for tumor marker, cardiac and coronary heath disease, and metabolic disorder biomarker detection are tabulated and selected examples are described in details. Finally, it discusses the current challenges, advances, and novel applications of PADs. The review would be valuable for healthcare workers using PADs as cost‐effective point‐of‐care devices for biomarker detection and for researchers working on future developments of the devices.
Small mammals and paleovironmental context of the terminal pleistocene and early holocene human occupation of central Alaska
Authors: Lanoë François B. , Reuther Joshua D. , Holmes Charles E. , Potter Ben A. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThis paper explores paleoenvironmental and paleoecological information that may be obtained from small‐mammal assemblages recovered at central Alaska archaeological sites dated to the terminal Pleistocene and early Holocene (14,500–8,000 cal B.P.). Small‐mammal remains in these open‐air sites are primarily related to deposition by natural death causes and as such provide information on site paleoenvironments and landscape heterogeneity. Their presence within archaeological occupations likely relates to anthropogenic disturbance and features that would have favored burrow construction. The co‐occurrence of small‐mammal remains and archaeological occupations provides a chronological framework of presence in the locality for most recorded small‐mammal species. Small‐mammal remains document faunal turnover between Pleistocene and Holocene communities. The near‐contemporaneity of species that strongly differ in their ecological requirements suggest that the terminal Pleistocene and early Holocene in central Alaska was a period of dynamic change that may have been characterized by patchy vegetation distribution, rather than the climax communities seen today. In addition to the biogeographical value of small‐mammal remains the paleoenvironmental information that they provide help to characterize the ecology of early human settlers in the region and the processes behind human dispersal in Beringia and the Americas at the end of the Ice Age.
Numerical treatment of magneto Carreau nanofluid over a stretching sheet considering Joule heating impact and nonlinear thermal ray
Authors: Ghobadi Amir Hossein , Hassankolaei Mosayeb Gholinia 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIn this essay, the magnetohydrodynamic flow of a Carreau nanoliquid upon a radiative stretching plate has been reviewed. The impacts of Joule heating and thermal ray are considered. The thermophoresis phenomenon and Brownian motion are applied to model nanoparticles (Buongiorno's model). Governing equations are solved numerically using Runge‐Kutta‐Fehlberg 4.5 after the transformation of partial differential equations into ordinary differential equations. In the obtained outcomes of investigating the impacts of different parameters on the change in velocity, concentration, and temperature profiles for two cases of shear‐thinning liquid and shear thickening liquid are reported as diagrams. Also, in the final segment of this essay, the impacts of diverse parameters on the skin friction coefficient and the local Nusselt number are investigated. The novel findings of current research illustrate that the values of local Nusselt number and surface drag force for shear thickening liquid are higher than shear‐thinning liquid. Also, the temperature profile has direct relationships with thermal radiation and magnetic field.
Alveolar Bone Protection by Targeting the SH3BP2-SYK Axis in Osteoclasts
Authors: Kittaka Mizuho , Yoshimoto Tetsuya , Schlosser Collin , Rottapel Robert , Kajiya Mikihito , Kurihara Hidemi , Reichenberger Ernst J , Ueki Yasuyoshi 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACT
Periodontitis is a bacterially induced chronic inflammatory condition of the oral cavity where tooth-supporting tissues including alveolar bone are destructed. Previously, we have shown that the adaptor protein SH3-domain binding protein 2 (SH3BP2) plays a critical role in inflammatory response and osteoclastogenesis of myeloid lineage cells through spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK). In this study, we show that SH3BP2 is a novel regulator for alveolar bone resorption in periodontitis. Micro-CT analysis of SH3BP2-deficient (Sh3bp2−/−) mice challenged with ligature-induced periodontitis revealed that Sh3bp2−/− mice develop decreased alveolar bone loss (male 14.9% ± 10.2%; female 19.0% ± 6.0%) compared with wild-type control mice (male 25.3% ± 5.8%; female 30.8% ± 5.8%). Lack of SH3BP2 did not change the inflammatory cytokine expression and osteoclast induction. Conditional knockout of SH3BP2 and SYK in myeloid lineage cells with LysM-Cre mice recapitulated the reduced bone loss without affecting both inflammatory cytokine expression and osteoclast induction, suggesting that the SH3BP2-SYK axis plays a key role in regulating alveolar bone loss by mechanisms that regulate the bone-resorbing function of osteoclasts rather than differentiation. Administration of a new SYK inhibitor GS-9973 before or after periodontitis induction reduced bone resorption without affecting inflammatory reaction in gingival tissues. In vitro, GS-9973 treatment of bone marrow–derived M-CSF-dependent macrophages suppressed tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP)-positive osteoclast formation with decreased mineral resorption capacity even when GS-9973 was added after RANKL stimulation. Thus, the data suggest that SH3BP2-SYK is a novel signaling axis for regulating alveolar bone loss in periodontitis and that SYK can be a potential therapeutic target to suppress alveolar bone resorption in periodontal diseases. © 2019 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research. © 2019 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Zoledronic Acid Improves Muscle Function in Healthy Mice Treated with Chemotherapy
Authors: Hain Brian A , Jude Baptiste , Xu Haifang , Smuin Dallas M , Fox Edward J , Elfar John C , Waning David L 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACT
Carboplatin is a chemotherapy drug used to treat solid tumors but also causes bone loss and muscle atrophy and weakness. Bone loss contributes to muscle weakness through bone-muscle crosstalk, which is prevented with the bisphosphonate zoledronic acid (ZA). We treated mice with carboplatin in the presence or absence of ZA to assess the impact of bone resorption on muscle. Carboplatin caused loss of body weight, muscle mass, and bone mass, and also led to muscle weakness as early as 7 days after treatment. Mice treated with carboplatin and ZA lost body weight and muscle mass but did not lose bone mass. In addition, muscle function in mice treated with ZA was similar to control animals. We also used the anti-TGFβ antibody (1D11) to prevent carboplatin-induced bone loss and showed similar results to ZA-treated mice. We found that atrogin-1 mRNA expression was increased in muscle from mice treated with carboplatin, which explained muscle atrophy. In mice treated with carboplatin for 1 or 3 days, we did not observe any bone or muscle loss, or muscle weakness. In addition, reduced caloric intake in the carboplatin treated mice did not cause loss of bone or muscle mass, or muscle weakness. Our results show that blocking carboplatin-induced bone resorption is sufficient to prevent skeletal muscle weakness and suggests another benefit to bone therapy beyond bone in patients receiving chemotherapy. © 2019 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Creating anodic alumina nanochannel arrays with custom‐made geometry
Authors: Liu Chih‐Yi , Wang Yuh‐Lin 
Published: October 2019

AbstractPorous anodic alumina oxide (AAO) is one of the most commonly used nanotemplates for growing arrays of nanoparticles, nanowires, nanocomposites, and nanoarchitectures because its pores, which are of a very uniform size, can grow longitudinally into arrays of self‐aligned nanochannels with an extremely high aspect ratio. Furthermore, under specific combinations of anodization voltage and electrolyte, the lateral positions of nanochannels can self‐organize into arrays of two‐dimensional hexagonally close‐packed lattices with domain sizes on the order of few tens of lattice units. The domain size can be greatly increased by prepatterning the Al surface with custom‐designed nanoconcaves prior to the anodization process. The concaves guide the growth fronts of nanochannels and lead to the formation of an ideally long‐range ordered lattice of nanochannel array. Such concaves have been fabricated by many methods, such as stamp imprinting, grating imprinting, and focused ion beam direct writing. In this review, we summarize the development of various methods to create AAO nanochannel arrays with custom‐made geometry and discuss the mechanism responsible for the guiding process.
Voltage‐dependent activation of Rac1 by Nav1.5 channels promotes cell migration
Authors: Yang Ming , James Andrew D. , Suman Rakesh , Kasprowicz Richard , Nelson Michaela , O'Toole Peter J. , Brackenbury William J. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIon channels can regulate the plasma membrane potential (Vm) and cell migration as a result of altered ion flux. However, the mechanism by which Vm regulates motility remains unclear. Here, we show that the Nav1.5 sodium channel carries persistent inward Na+ current which depolarizes the resting Vm at the timescale of minutes. This Nav1.5‐dependent Vm depolarization increases Rac1 colocalization with phosphatidylserine, to which it is anchored at the leading edge of migrating cells, promoting Rac1 activation. A genetically encoded FRET biosensor of Rac1 activation shows that depolarization‐induced Rac1 activation results in acquisition of a motile phenotype. By identifying Nav1.5‐mediated Vm depolarization as a regulator of Rac1 activation, we link ionic and electrical signaling at the plasma membrane to small GTPase‐dependent cytoskeletal reorganization and cellular migration. We uncover a novel and unexpected mechanism for Rac1 activation, which fine tunes cell migration in response to ionic and/or electric field changes in the local microenvironment.
V2O5/RGO/Pt nanocomposite on oxytetracycline degradation and pharmaceutical effluent detoxification
Authors: Mohan Harshavardhan , Lim Jeong‐Muk , Lee Se‐Won , Cho Min , Park Yool‐Jin , Seralathan Kamala‐Kannan , Oh Byung‐Taek 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDAntibiotics have been identified as significant pollutants owing to their adverse impact on the environment through the development of antibiotic‐resistant bacteria. In a previous study, an e‐waste‐based reduced graphene oxide‐V2O5‐platinum (RGOV‐Pt(1%)) nanocomposite was prepared and subsequently used for the photocatalytic degradation of oxytetracycline (OTC), a tetracycline group of antibiotics.RESULTSThis study aimed to assess the impact of additives such as H2O2, NaCl, Na2CO3, ethanol and persulfate on the photocatalytic degradation of OTC using RGOV‐Pt(1%) nanocomposite. The results showed that the degradation efficiency decreased in the presence of NaCl and Na2CO3 owing to the electron–hole scavenging property of their anions. Low concentrations of H2O2 (up to 10 mmol L–1) increased the OTC degradation efficiency, whereas high concentrations decreased the OTC degradation owing to the quenching of hydroxyl radicals. However, the presence of persulfate increased the OTC degradation efficiency owing to the formation of hydroxyl radicals. Furthermore, the OTC degradation pathway was elucidated using high‐performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC/MS/MS). The study was extended to real pharmaceutical effluent and the degradation efficiency was found to be less for real effluent (87%) in comparison with OTC (99%) in aqueous solution.CONCLUSIONRGOV‐Pt(1%) photocatalyst effectively degraded OTC. An OTC degradation pathway was proposed based on the intermediates formed. The impact of additives was established. Effective real pharmaceutical effluent detoxification was observed. Thus the synthesized RGOV‐Pt(1%) nanocomposite is a hopeful alternative for the removal of antibiotics in contaminated waters and sites. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Evolution evolving? Reflections on big questions
Authors: Love Alan C. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractJohn Bonner managed a long and productive career that balanced specialized inquiry into cellular slime molds with general investigations of big questions in evolutionary biology, such as the origins of multicellular development and the evolution of complexity. This commentary engages with his final paper (“The evolution of evolution”), which argues that the evolutionary process has changed through the history of life. In particular, Bonner emphasizes the possibility that natural selection plays different roles at different size scales. I identify some underlying assumptions in his argument and evaluate its cogency to both foster future discussion and emulate the intellectual example set by Bonner over a lifetime. This endeavor is important beyond Bonner's own theoretical disposition because similar issues are visible in controversies about the possibility of an extended evolutionary synthesis.
Differences in responsiveness and sensitivity to exogenous disruptors of the thyroid gland in three anuran species
Authors: Fabrezi Marissa , Lozano Verónica Laura , Cruz Julio César 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAnuran larval development comprises tissues/organs/systems that are: exclusively of larvae, able to be remodelled, and those of postmetamorphic stages. Also, the anuran larval development is characterized by inter‐related parameters: time, size and shape forming part of growth and differentiation. The anuran metamorphosis starts when growth and differentiation achieve a threshold that differs among species since it is regulated by a number of external (environmental) and internal (hormonal) processes. Here we explore the consequences of exogenous disruptors on the thyroid gland (e.g., methimazole and thyroxine as T4) of three species by immersing premetamorphic tadpoles in predetermined concentrations of the disruptors for short periods (10 or 16 days). The species were Pleurodema borellii, Leptodactylus chaquensis, and Dermatonotus muelleri, which all breed in small temporary ponds during the summer, but differ in their ecomorphology. The experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of these substances on larval development (based in Gosner larval stages), morphometric variation in body parameters (snout‐vent and total length by larval stages), and thyroid gland histopathology at the end of the assays. In P. borelli and L. chaquensis, methimazole produces significant increment of size measurements (nonparametric Kruskal–Wallis, p < .05) during stages of digit differentiation and induced thyroid gland hypertrophy. In the three species, T4 exposure accelerated limb development and caused atrophy of thyroid gland. Prolonged T4 exposure in L. chaquensis and D. muelleri triggered metamorphic transformation in the gut and skull cartilages. Discussion about interspecific differences in responsiveness and sensitivity elucidates the importance of hormonal signals to morphological evolution.
Reflections on Bateson's rule: Solving an old riddle about why extra legs are mirror‐symmetric
Authors: Held Lewis I. , Sessions Stanley K. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractWilliam Bateson was an obsessive observer of animal oddities, and at some point in his herculean survey of museum collections leading up to his monumental 1894 monograph (Materials for the study of variation), he noticed a peculiar trend among the preserved specimens (mainly insects) that possessed extra legs: multiple legs that branched from the same socket tended to be mirror images of their adjacent neighbors. He did not know why. These symmetry relationships have come to be known as Bateson's rule, and they have defied a satisfactory explanation for 125 years. In the past few decades, tantalizing clues have emerged from various lines of investigation, and those lines have converged on a possible solution. An attempt is made here to fit all of those clues together to form a coherent picture of the etiology. Two case studies have proven to be pivotal: a fly mutant whose extra legs are caused by patches of dying cells and a frog syndrome whose extra legs are caused by a parasitic flatworm. The conclusion reached is that the extra legs of insects and vertebrates obey Bateson's rule for the same reason, but that reason has nothing to do with the specific molecules in their signaling pathways. Rather, it is an emergent property of the circuitry of the pathways and their polarized alignments along the limb axes. A parade of theoretical models have tried and failed to crack this mystery in the past, and they are reviewed here as part of the narrative.
The psychologist's biographer: Writing lives in the history of psychology
Authors: Luckey Eric F. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractHow should historians employ psychological insight when seeking to understand and analyze their historical subjects? That is the essential question explored in this methodological reflection on the relationship between psychology and biography. To answer it, this paper offers a historical, historiographical, and theoretical analysis of life writing in the history of psychology. It touches down in the genres of autobiography, psychobiography, and cultural history to assess how other historians and psychologists have answered this question. And it offers a more detailed analysis of one particularly useful text, Kerry Buckley's (1989) Mechanical Man, to illuminate specific ways in which historians can simultaneously employ, historicize, and critically analyze the theories of the psychologists they study. Although ostensibly about writing biographies of eminent psychologists, this article speaks to a methodological issue facing any historian contemplating the role psychological theories should play in their historical narratives.
Synthesis of novel isoindolone‐based medium‐sized macromolecules and triazole containing heterocyclic compounds
Authors: Boddu Lingaiah , Potlapati Varakumar , Subhashini N.J.P. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractA series of novel isoindolone‐based macromolecules of medium‐sized heterocyclic rings, such as 7,8‐dihydro‐6H‐benzo[4,5][1,6,3]dioxazonino[2,3‐a]isoindol‐14(9aH)‐one derivatives (5a‐l), were synthesized and its frame work incorporating with a triazole moiety on phenol, ie, 2‐(4‐((1‐(2‐methoxyphenyl)‐1H‐1,2,3‐triazol‐4‐yl)methoxy)phenyl)isoindoline‐1,3‐dione (9a‐f) and also a triazole moiety on carboxylic acid, ie, (1‐(2‐methoxyphenyl)‐1H‐1,2,3‐triazol‐4‐yl)methyl 4‐(1,3‐dioxoisoindolin‐2‐yl)benzoate derivatives (13a‐e) with various substitutions on aryl ring system have synthesized. All the synthesized compounds were characterized and confirmed with IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and ESI mass spectral analysis.
Anoxic growth optimization for metal respiration and photobiological hydrogen production by arsenic‐resistant Rhodopseudomonas and Rhodobacter species
Authors: Mohsin Hareem , Asif Azka , Rehman Yasir 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe current research focuses on anaerobic respiration of arsenic and other toxic metals by purple nonsulfur bacteria (PNSB). Among the optimization assays performed were carbon utilization, cross metal resistance, and metal respiration, along with a comparison of each assay in photoheterotrophic and chemoheterotrophic growth. The bacteria were identified by the classification of 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequences. Rhodobacter sp. PI3 proved to be more versatile in carbon source utilization (acetate, lactate, citrate, and oxalate), whereas Rhodopseudomonas palustris PI5 proved to be more versatile in metal resistance (arsenate, arsenite, cobalt, lead, selenium, and nickel). Both the strains were found to be positive for photofermentative hydrogen production along with arsenic respiration. This study reveals that anaerobic conditions are more appropriate for better efficiency of PNSB. Our study demonstrates that R. palustris PI5 and Rhodobacter sp. PI3 can be promising candidates for the biohydrogen production along with metal detoxification using heavy metal‐polluted effluents as a substrate.
Untangling the molecular mechanisms and functions of nitrate to improve nitrogen use efficiency
Authors: Iqbal Asif , Qiang Dong , Alamzeb Madeeha , Xiangru Wang , Huiping Gui , Hengheng Zhang , Nianchang Pang , Xiling Zhang , Meizhen Song 
Published: October 2019

AbstractA huge amount of nitrogenous fertilizer is used to increase crop production. This leads to an increase in the cost of production, and to human and environmental problems. It is therefore necessary to improve nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) and to design agronomic, biotechnological and breeding strategies for better fertilizer use. Nitrogen use efficiency relies primarily on how plants extract, uptake, transport, assimilate, and remobilize nitrogen. Many plants use nitrate as a preferred nitrogen source. It acts as a signaling molecule in the various important physiological processes required for growth and development. As nitrate is the main source of nitrogen in the soil, root nitrate transporters are important subjects for study. The latest reports have also discussed how nitrate transporter and assimilation genes can be used as molecular tools to improve NUE in crops. The purpose of this review is to describe the mechanisms and functions of nitrate as a specific factor that can be addressed to increase NUE. Improving factors such as nitrate uptake, transport, assimilation, and remobilization through activation by signaling, sensing, and regulatory processes will improve plant growth and NUE. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry