bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Caesarean section among immigrants with different obstetrical risks
Authors: Trinh Lieu Thi Thuy , Assareh Hassan , Achat Helen , Chua Seng , Guevarra Veth 
Published: March 2018

AbstractAimTo determine the variation in caesarean section rates among immigrant populations.BackgroundAustralia is one of the most multicultural in the world and is also among those with the highest caesarean section rates.DesignSecondary data analysis.MethodsRoutinely collected data from a Local Heath District between 2011 and 2015 were analysed. Women were categorized into regional groups based on country of birth. Obstetrical risk was classified using the Robson classification.Results/FindingsIn total 48 711 women gave birth, of whom 64.0% were born overseas; 13 966 had a caesarean section (28.7%). South and Central Asia women had a high number of caesarean sections (n = 4139; 29.6% of all caesarean sections), a high overall adjusted caesarean section rate (31.4%; 95% CI, 30.5%–32.3%), and consistently high caesarean section rates among women with single cephalic term pregnancy without a previous caesarean section. High adjusted caesarean section rates were seen among South East Asia women with nulliparous, single cephalic, term pregnancy, and spontaneous labour. Demographic and clinical characteristics explained 83.5% of the variation in overall caesarean section rates between country of birth and 21.8% to 100% depending on Robson group.ConclusionsCaesarean section rates varied by country of birth and within some Robson groups. The studied factors had various effects on the variation in caesarean section rates between country of birth and Robson groups.
Mapping the landscape of urology: A new media‐based cross‐sectional analysis of public versus academic interest
Authors: Borgmann Hendrik , Salem Johannes , Baunacke Martin , Boehm Katharina , Groeben Christer , Schmid Marianne , Siegel Fabian P , Huber Johannes 
Published: March 2018

ObjectivesTo quantify public and academic interest in the urological field using a novel new media‐based methodology.MethodsWe systematically measured public and academic interest in 56 urological keywords and combined in nine subspecialties. Public interest was quantified as video views on YouTube. Academic interest was quantified as article citations using Microsoft Academic Search. The public‐to‐academic interest ratio was calculated for a comparison of subspecialties as well as for diseases and treatments.ResultsFor the selected 56 urological keywords, we found 226 617 591 video views on YouTube and 2 146 287 citations in the academic literature. The public‐to‐academic interest ratio was highest for the subspecialties robotic urology (ratio 6.3) and andrological urology (ratio 4.6). Prostate cancer was the central urological disease combining both a high public (20% of all video views) and academic interest (26% of all citations, ratio 0.8). Further diseases/treatments of high public interest were premature ejaculation (ratio 54.4), testicular cancer (ratio 11.4), erectile dysfunction (ratio 5.5) and kidney transplant (ratio 3.7). Urological treatments had a higher public‐to‐academic interest ratio (median ratio 0.25) than diseases (median ratio 0.05; P = 0.029).ConclusionsA quantification of academic and public interest in the urological field is feasible using a novel new media‐based methodology. We found several mismatches in public versus academic interest in urological diseases and treatments, which has implications for research strategies, conference planning and patient information projects. Regular re‐assessments of the public and academic interest landscape can contribute to detecting and proving trends in the field of urology.
New labour rights indicators: Method and trends for 2000–15
Authors: KUCERA David , SARI Dora 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThis article describes a new method for constructing indicators of freedom of association and collective bargaining (FACB) rights based on the coding of violations in nine textual sources, including six from the ILO, and texts from national legislation. The indicators were constructed for 185 ILO member States for five years between 2000 and 2015 and launched in 2015 by the Center for Global Workers’ Rights at Penn State University, together with the Global Labour University. Following a Resolution by the International Conference of Labour Statisticians in October 2018, the method provides the basis for Sustainable Development Goal indicator 8.8.2 on labour rights.
Infracapacitación, recuperación, pérdida del empleo y jubilación de trabajadores de edad en entornos de oficina. Estudio de cohorte prospectivo
Authors: GOMMANS Fleur G. , JANSEN Nicole W.H. , STYNEN Dave , KANT Ijmert , de GRIP Andries 
Published: March 2018

ResumenCon una muestra de trabajadores de edad tomada del Maastricht Cohort Study, los autores investigan empíricamente la prevalencia y la evolución de la infracapacitación autopercibida y sus efectos en la necesidad de recuperación de los trabajadores, su riesgo de pérdida del empleo y sus intenciones de jubilación de 2012 a 2014. Encuentran la infracapacitación asociada a los dos primeros indicadores, pero no al tercero. Concluyen que es importante distinguir entre infracapacitación global o en determinadas competencias y que, en aras del empleo sostenible, conviene hacer un seguimiento del problema a lo largo de la vida profesional para intervenir a tiempo y evitar sus consecuencias.
Fear and blame in mental health nurses’ accounts of restrictive practices: Implications for the elimination of seclusion and restraint
Authors: Muir‐Cochrane Eimear , O'Kane Deb , Oster Candice 
Published: March 2018

AbstractRestrictive practices continue to be used in mental health care despite increasing recognition of their harms and an international effort to reduce and ultimately eliminate their use. The aim of this qualitative study was to explore mental health nurses’ views of the potential elimination of these practices. Nine focus groups were conducted with 44 mental health nurses across Australia, and the data analysed using thematic analysis. Overall, the nurses expressed significant fear about the potential elimination of restrictive practices and saw themselves as being blamed for both the use of these practices and the consequences should they be eliminated. Findings detail the conflicts facing staff in balancing the need for ward safety for everyone present while at the same time providing person‐centred care. Nurses described the changing role of the mental health nurse in acute settings, being more focussed on risk assessment and medication while at the same time attempting to practise in trauma‐informed person‐centred ways. The impact on ward safety with increasing acuity of consumers plus the presence of forensic consumers and those affected by methamphetamine was emphasized. Change initiatives need to take into account nurses’ deep concerns about the consequences of eliminating all forms of control measures in hospitals and respond to the symptoms and behaviours consumers present with and associated unpredictable and concerning behaviours. Attempts to eliminate restrictive practices should, therefore, be carefully considered and come with a clear articulation of alternatives to ensure the safety of consumers, visitors, and staff.
The role of trade unions in supporting victims of domestic violence in the workplace
Authors: Wibberley Gemma , Bennett Tony , Jones Carol , Hollinrake Alison 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThis article explores the effects that domestic violence has on victims in their workplace and how trade unions respond. Focussing on the experiences of union representatives, the research highlights the support offered to victims, the barriers representatives face and the under‐acknowledged personal impact that these cases can have upon representatives.
One‐pot synthesis of sheet‐like MFI as high‐performance catalyst for toluene disproportionation
Authors: Chao Pei‐Yu , Hsu Chun‐Han , Loganathan Aswaghosh , Lin Hong‐Ping 
Published: March 2018

AbstractIn this study, one‐pot hydrothermal synthesis of sheet‐like ZSM‐5 as a high‐performance catalyst for toluene disproportionation was carried out using binary surfactants. In the dual template, tetraethylammonium hydroxide was used to construct the microporous structure of ZSM‐5, and cationic surfactant (e.g., octadecyltrimethylammonium chloride (C18TMAC), hexadecyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (C16TMAB), and tetradecyltrimethylammonium bromide, (C14TMAB)) can change the growth habits of the ZSM‐5 crystals by hindering the regular stacking of zeolite layers from their longer hydrophobic chain. From the XRD pattern of the as‐synthesized samples which were hydrothermally treated for different time, it was found that a lamellar mesostructured intermediate gradually transformed into the sheet‐like ZSM‐5 during hydrothermal process. With a proper amount of cationic surfactant, the thickness of the sheet‐like ZSM‐5 could be controlled to less than 30 nm. Concerning the catalyst application, the toluene disproportionation performance over the sheet‐like ZSM‐5 is 1.5 times higher than that of the commercial ZSM‐5. The higher conversion is ascribed to the faster diffusion amount due to the sheet‐like ZSM‐5.
Effects of the deep traps on the thermal‐stability property of CaAl2O4: Eu2+ phosphor
Authors: Liu Zhichao , Zhao Lei , Chen Wenbo , Xin Shuangyu , Fan Xiaotong , Bian Wenjuan , Yu Xue , Qiu Jianbei , Xu Xuhui 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe thermal quenching properties and mechanisms of phosphors employed in white light emitting diodes (wLEDs) are critical for their commercial application. Here, we attempted to characterize the deep traps for capturing and releasing carriers to improve the thermal stability of the blue‐emitting CaAl2O4: Eu2+, Tm3+ phosphors. The enhanced thermal stability contributed to the introduction of traps has been demonstrated, and the mechanism of the transport process of carriers, has been explored in detail. In comparison with Eu2+ doped sample, the co‐doped Tm3+ samples bring more deep traps. The releasing of carriers in deep traps therefore sustains the luminescence with increasing temperature and compensates the thermal luminescence intensity loss. The results provide a theoretical basis and new field of view for exploring excellent thermal stability phosphors for wLEDs.
Polymer‐derived SiCN cellular structures from replica of 3D printed lattices
Authors: Jana Prasanta , Santoliquido Oscar , Ortona Alberto , Colombo Paolo , Sorarù Gian Domenico 
Published: March 2018

AbstractIn comparison with metals and polymers, ceramics and/or carbon are more difficult to process into well‐defined cellular architectures (e.g., cubic, tetrakaidecadehron, etc.) using Additive Manufacturing techniques. The present work reports a simple method for generating complex and precise SiCN ceramic lattices using a preceramic polymer and applying the replica approach to structures fabricated using stereolithography of plastic materials, with the associated ease of fabrication. Three‐dimensional printed plastic lattices impregnated with a polysilazane were converted to SiCN by pyrolysis at 1000°C in inert atmosphere. In spite of the high amount of mass loss (~58%) and volume shrinkage (~65%), the impregnated structures did not collapse during pyrolysis, leading to highly porous (total porosity ~93 vol%) components possessing suitable strength for handling and potential use as lightweight components.
Pre admission treatment with Beta‐blockers in hypertensive patients with acute stroke and 3‐month outcome—Data from a national stroke registry
Authors: Eizenberg Yoav , Grossman Ehud , Tanne David , Koton Silvia 
Published: March 2018

The impact of beta‐blockers (BB) treatment on stroke outcome is unclear. We used data from a prospective national stroke registry to assess the associations between use of BB and poor outcome 3 months after stroke. Using the National Acute Stroke Israeli (NASIS) registry, we identified 1126 patients with ischemic stroke and intracerebral hemorrhage with pre‐stroke hypertension treatment, who were followed for 3‐months. Functional outcome and mortality at 3‐month were compared by use of BB, adjusting for demographics and clinical factors. Pre‐stroke use of BB was reported by 615 (54.6%) patients. Users of BB showed higher rates of atrial fibrillation, heart disease, statin use, cancer, and severe stroke. Adjusted odds‐ratios (ORs, 95% CI) for BB users compared with non‐users 3 months after stroke were 0.86 (0.49‐1.52) for mortality and 1.07 (0.76‐1.50) for Barthel Index ≤60. In conclusion, treatment with BB is not associated with 3‐month poor outcome in hypertensive patients.
Compressive stress, repetitive strain, and optimum expression of oil from bulk volumes of sesame seeds
Authors: Akangbe O.L. , Herák D. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractCompressive expression of oil from bulk seeds is a self‐limiting process and commonly adopted techniques for optimizing oil recovery result in alterations of the product and its quality. In this study, effects of select magnitudes of compressive stress and repetitive strain on mechanical response and performance during cold compressive expression of oil from sesame seeds were investigated and responses modeled using forward stepwise regression technique. Significant gains in oil yield and performance were achieved through repeated induction of strain and by increasing magnitudes of the applied stress. Cumulative improvement in the performance of the scheme over existing single cycle compression techniques ranged between 34.1 and 161.9% over the range of treatments investigated. Corresponding improvement in mechanical response was also achieved. Specific mechanical energy demand was less with every additional compression cycle. The pressure ratio at the oil point during each compression cycle was an important indicator of recoverable oil.Practical applicationsA technique for maximizing the yield of oil from oilseeds and efficiency during cold compressive expression is presented which may be incorporated in the design of compression devices or similar systems, which would permit repeated induction of stress with a view to optimizing process efficiency without denaturing the product or altering its quality. The pressure ratio at the oil point is also presented, which is a fitting indicator of requisite stress for optimizing yield and performance.
Shiga‐toxigenic Escherichia coli of cattle origin represents a surveillance priority and an important human health threat to public and travelers of the Indian Ocean islands
Authors: Ian Lloyd Thierry Sebastien , Jaufeerally‐Fakim Yasmina , Gannon James Edward , Santchurn Sunita Jeewantee 
Published: March 2018

AbstractShiga‐toxigenic Escherichia coli (STEC), also known as enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) pose a significant threat to public health worldwide. Livestock animals are well known reservoirs of STEC. In this study, cattle were investigated in situ on the tropical island of Mauritius. This island is of economic importance as it has a consolidated tourism industry and possesses several attributes which are increasingly being experienced by other tropical oceanic islands. Throughout our research, STEC were recovered in 20.3% (146/718) of E. coli isolates screened from faecal, milk, and meat samples. Prevalence‐wise, non‐EHEC‐7 dominates EHEC‐7 (seven serogroups classified as most virulent) and accounts for 77.4% and 22.6% of data set, respectively. Different virulent profiles were observed, with eaeA and EHEC‐hlyA genes being more frequent. These virulent E. coli strains represents potential threats to both local and international travelers. Mauritius today may thus serve as an “overview” of the potential threat encountered by many other oceanic islands.Practical applicationsAs in any risk assessment procedures, there is a need for identification and characterization of potential threats. With the flourishing tourism industry and increasing population in the Indian Ocean region, a greater demand for safe food justifies the need for a more effective surveillance system approach. Given the gap in the Indian Ocean surveillance system and the presence of Shiga‐toxigenic Escherichia coli in cattle with potential for zoonotic transmission to humans resulting from this study, we believe that providing information to policy makers and public health decision makers will enable the setting up of an Indian Ocean Zoonoses Control Programme supervised by the WHO to help promote prevention, public health education, research, surveillance, and control of zoonoses in this part of the globe, most commonly associated with diarrheal disease among both local and international travelers of the Indian Ocean region.
Couple Differentiation: Mediator or Moderator of Depressive Symptoms and Relationship Satisfaction?
Authors: Bartle‐Haring Suzanne , Ferriby Megan , Day Randal 
Published: March 2018

The purpose of this investigation was to determine whether differentiation at the couple level would act as a moderator or a mediator in the association between marital satisfaction and depressive symptoms over time. In a sample of 412 couples, a latent profile analysis was performed to determine how couple differentiation scores were clustered. An Actor/Partner Interdependence Model was then estimated via a group comparison procedure in structural equation modeling. There was no evidence of a moderating effect of differentiation. A mediating model was then estimated and there was evidence that differentiation mediated the association between depressive symptoms and relationship satisfaction via actor and partner effects.
Effect of Chemical Disinfectants on the Color Stability of Maxillofacial Silicones: An In Vitro Study
Authors: Chamaria Ankita , Aras Meena A. , Chitre Vidya , Rajagopal Praveen 
Published: March 2018

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate the effect of chemical disinfection on the color stability of room temperature vulcanizing (RTV) maxillofacial silicone elastomer with and without pigment addition.Materials and MethodsSixty specimens were obtained from a RTV maxillofacial silicone. The specimens were randomly divided into 6 groups according to pigments and disinfectant to be used (n = 10). NP‐DW‐nonpigmented silicone specimens to be immersed in distilled water (control). NP‐S‐ nonpigmented silicone specimens to be rubbed with an anti‐bacterial soap. NP‐CHX‐nonpigmented silicone specimens to be immersed in chlorhexidine gluconate solution (2%). P‐DW‐pigmented silicone specimens to be immersed in distilled water (control). P‐S‐pigmented silicone specimens to be rubbed with antibacterial soap. P‐CHX‐pigmented silicone specimens to be immersed in chlorhexidine gluconate solution (2%). Disinfection was conducted 6 times a day for 60 days simulating 1 year of usage. Color was evaluated after 60 days (disinfection period) using a reflectance spectrophotometer. Color alterations were calculated by the CIE L∗a∗b∗ system. Data were analyzed by t‐test, one‐way ANOVA, and Tukey test (α = 0.05).ResultsNP‐S and P‐S exhibited the highest color alterations, whereas NP‐DW and P‐DW the lowest color alterations.ConclusionDisinfection procedures affect the color stability of maxillofacial silicone. Chlorhexidine gluconate solution (2%) can be effectively used as a chemical disinfectant for maxillofacial prostheses. Antibacterial soap produced clinically unacceptable color changes in the silicone, hence is not advisable as a disinfectant.
A Technique for Digital Impression and Bite Registration for a Single Edentulous Arch
Authors: Fang Yiqin , Fang Jing‐Huan , Jeong Seung‐Mi , Choi Byung‐Ho 
Published: March 2018

AbstractFew studies have reported the application of digital technology for the process of impression and interocclusal recordings in edentulous patients. This article describes a digitizing system for generating digital edentulous models with a jaw relationship by taking direct digital impressions and a virtual bite registration using intraoral digital scanning. A specialized scan retractor was used to make digital impressions of edentulous jaws in patients’ mouths using an intraoral scanner. Virtual bite registration was obtained with optical scanning of the buccal surfaces of both jaws at the occlusal vertical dimension. The registration was then used as a reference for aligning both jaws. Digital edentulous models that include the jaw relationship would be clinically beneficial for the fabrication of complete dentures in edentulous patients.
Post‐operative arterio‐venous fistula blood flow influences primary and secondary patency following access surgery
Authors: Benaragama Kapila S. , Barwell Jennifer , Lord Chris , John Biku J. , Babber Adarsh , Sandoval Shella , Lindsey Ben , Fernando Bimbi 
Published: March 2018

SUMMARYPurposePrimary arteriovenous fistula arterio venous fistula (AVF) formation has proven to be the best and optimal vascular access for the majority of haemodialysis patients. At present there are limited data to suggest which haemodynamic parameters most correlate with the likelihood of early failure. The aim of this study is to identify the haemodynamic predictors of early failure, hence identify which fistulae may benefit from timely pre‐emptive intervention.Material and MethodsRetrospective analysis of data was performed of 201 patients undergoing native AVF creation over a one year period. Demographic details, co‐morbidity, preoperative vessel calibre were collected. Flow was measured by duplex ultrasound post operatively.ResultsPreoperative vein calibre (p = 0.01) and fistula flow (p < 0.001) positively affected primary patency. Age, gender, ethnicity, type of fistula, hypertension and preoperative arterial calibre did not influence outcome. Regression analysis showed that the strength of correlation between early postoperative fistula flow and patency decreased progressively with time. Six week flow predicts early, but not late, failure. ROC analysis identified 300 ml/min flow as the best predictor of patency. Fistulae with flow above 300 ml/min were more likely to remain patent over the next 12 months (p < 0.001, HR = 7.4).ConclusionPostoperative fistula flow of less than 300 ml/min identifies AVFs at high risk of early failure. These may be candidates for early intervention with balloon assisted maturation. The findings of this retrospective cohort study strongly support the need for a more robust prospectively designed trial identifying haemodynamic factors that can predict mid and long‐term AVF patency.