bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Radial Artery Fascial Flow-Through Free Flap for Complex Cerebral Revascularization: Technical Notes and Long-Term Neurologic and Radiographic Outcomes
Authors: Rennert Robert C , Ravina Kristine , Strickland Ben A , Bakhsheshian Joshua , Carey Joseph , Russin Jonathan J 
Published: June 2018

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Surgical innovation is critical for the management of challenging cerebrovascular pathology. Flow-through free flaps are versatile composite grafts that combine viable tissue with a revascularization source. Neurosurgical experience with these flaps is limited.

OBJECTIVE
To provide an in-depth technical description of the radial artery fascial (and fasciocutaneous) flow-through free flap (RAFF and RAFCF, respectively) for complex cerebral revascularizations.

METHODS
An Institutional Review Board-approved, prospective database was retrospectively reviewed to identify patients that underwent extracranial-to-intracranial cerebral bypass with a RAFF or RAFCF. Patient demographics, underlying pathology, surgical treatment, complications, and outcomes were recorded.

RESULTS
A total of 4 patients were treated with RAFFs or RAFCFs (average age 40 ± 8.8 yr). Two patients with progressive moyamoya disease involving multiple vascular territories with predominantly anterior cerebral artery (ACA) symptoms and flow alterations underwent combined direct ACA and indirect middle cerebral artery (MCA) bypass with a RAFF. The third patient with moyamoya disease and concomitant proximal fusiform aneurysms requiring internal carotid artery sacrifice underwent dual direct ACA and MCA bypass and indirect MCA revascularization with posterior tibial artery and RAFF grafts. The fourth patient with a large MCA bifurcation aneurysm and recurrent wound complications underwent a direct MCA bypass and complex wound reconstruction using a RAFCF. Good neurologic outcomes (Glasgow Outcomes Scale score ≥4 at discharge) were achieved in all patients. There were no perioperative surgical complications, and graft patency was confirmed on long-term follow-up.

CONCLUSION
The RAFF and RAFCF are versatile grafts for complex cerebral revascularizations.
Completeness of reporting in Indian qualitative public health research: a systematic review of 20 years of literature
Authors: Godinho Myron Anthony , Gudi Nachiket , Milkowska Maja , Murthy Shruti , Bailey Ajay , Nair N Sreekumaran 
Published: June 2018

AbstractBackgroundThis study reviewed the completeness of reporting in Indian qualitative public health research (QPHR) studies using the ‘Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research’ (COREQ) checklist.MethodsSearch results from five electronic databases were screened by two independent reviewers. We included English-language, primary QPHR studies from India, which were assessed for their compliance with the COREQ checklist. Each COREQ item was noted as either reported or unreported. Descriptive statistics for the number of COREQ items reported by each study, and the number of studies that reported each COREQ item were reported, as were the items reported in each year, and in pre- and post-COREQ time periods.ResultsOf 537 citations, 246 articles were included. Trends demonstrated an increasing number of Indian QPHR studies being published annually, and an overall increase in reporting completeness since 1997. Only two COREQ items were reported in all studies. 52.4% of articles reported between 16 and 21 items, corresponding to 43–57% of items being reported. Six items were reported in fewer than 10% of studies. COREQ domain 1 was least frequently reported.ConclusionsDespite improving trends, the reporting of QPHR in India is incomplete. Authors and journals should ensure adherence to reporting guidelines.
Induction of DUSP14 ubiquitination by PRMT5‐mediated arginine methylation
Authors: Yang Chia‐Yu , Chiu Li‐Li , Chang Chih‐Chi , Chuang Huai‐Chia , Tan Tse‐Hua 
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACTDual‐specificity phosphatase (DUSP)14 (also known as MAP‐kinase phosphatase 6) inhibits T‐cell receptor (TCR) signaling and T‐cell‐mediated immune responses by inactivation of the TGF‐β activated kinase 1 binding protein (TAB1)‐TGF‐β activated kinase 1 (TAK1) complex and ERK. DUSP14 phosphatase activity is induced by the E3 ligase TNF receptor associated factor (TRAF)2‐mediated Lys63‐linked ubiquitination. Here we report an interaction between DUSP14 and protein arginine methyltransferase (PRMT)5 by proximity ligation assay; similarly, DUSP14 directly interacted with TAB1 but not TAK1. DUSP14 is methylated by PRMT5 at arginine 17, 38, and 45 residues. The DUSP14 triple‐methylation mutant was impaired in PRMT5‐mediated arginine methylation, TRAF2‐mediated lysine ubiquitination, and DUSP14 phosphatase activity. Consistently, DUSP14 methylation, TRAF2 binding, and DUSP14 ubiquitination were attenuated by PRMT5 short hairpin RNA knockdown. Furthermore, DUSP14 was inducibly interacted with PRMT5 and was methylated during TCR signaling in T cells. Together, these findings reveal a novel regulatory mechanism of DUSP14 by which PRMT5‐mediated arginine methylation may sequentially stimulate TRAF2‐mediated DUSP14 ubiquitination and phosphatase activity, leading to inhibition of TCR signaling.—Yang, C.‐Y., Chiu, L.‐L., Chang, C.‐C., Chuang, H.‐C., Tan, T.‐H. Induction of DUSP14 ubiquitination by PRMT5‐mediated arginine methylation. FASEB J. 32, 6760–6770 (2018). www.fasebj.org
Changes in S100 Proteins Identified in Healthy Skin following Electrical Stimulation: Relevance for Wound Healing
Authors: Lallyett Chloe , Yeung Ching-Yan Chloé , Nielson Rie Harboe , Zeef Leo A. H. , Chapman-Jones David , Kjaer Michael , Kadler Karl E. 
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE:
Targeted electrical energy applied to wounds has been shown to improve wound-healing rates. However, the mechanisms are poorly understood. The aim of this study was to identify genes that are responsive to electrical stimulation (ES) in healthy subjects with undamaged skin.

METHODS:
To achieve this objective, study authors used a small, noninvasive ES medical device to deliver a continuous, specific, set sequence of electrical energy impulses over a 48-hour period to the skin of healthy volunteers and compared resultant gene expression by microarray analysis.

MAIN RESULTS:
Application of this specific ES resulted in differential expression of 105 genes, the majority of which were down-regulated. Postmicroarray analyses revealed there was commonality with a small number of genes that have previously been shown to be up-regulated in skin wounds, including venous leg ulcers.

CONCLUSIONS:
The specific sequence of ES applied continuously for 48 hours to the skin of healthy patients has the effect of modifying expression in a number of identified genes. The identification of the differential expression in this subset of genes in healthy subjects provides new potential lines of scientific inquiry for identifying similar responses in subjects with slow or poorly healing wounds.
Evaluating a Surfactant-Containing Polymeric Membrane Foam Wound Dressing with Glycerin in Patients with Chronic Pilonidal Sinus Disease
Authors: Sibbald R. Gary , Persaud Jaimangal Reneeka , Coutts Patricia M. , Elliott James A. 
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACT

GENERAL PURPOSE:
To present an evaluation of a surfactant-containing polymeric membrane foam wound dressing for use on patients with chronic pilonidal sinus disease.

TARGET AUDIENCE:
This continuing education activity is intended for physicians, physician assistants, nurse practitioners, and nurses with an interest in skin and wound care.

LEARNING OBJECTIVES/OUTCOMES:
After completing this continuing education activity, you should be able to:
1. Recall risk factors for and pathophysiology of pilonidal sinus wounds.
2. Summarize the evidence-based elements of wound assessment and treatment.
3. Identify the study methodology and results.

OBJECTIVE:
To evaluate the clinical use of a surfactant-containing polymeric wound dressing with glycerin in patients with chronic pilonidal sinus wounds.

METHODS:
This case series was conducted in an outpatient dermatology and wound clinic. Sixteen patients aged between 18 and 49 years with chronic nonhealing pilonidal sinus wounds over 4 weeks in duration were recruited.

INTERVENTIONS:
Dressing changes were performed daily because of frequent contamination from bowel evacuation, sweating, or frictional forces in the perianal and intergluteal skin. Patients were seen at follow-up visits to the clinic at weeks 4, 8, and 12 from study initiation.

RESULTS:
Subjects were predominantly males (81% [n = 13]) with a mean age of 23 years. At study initiation, the mean wound duration was 3.2 months, and mean surface area was 3.3 cm2 (0.18-19.6 cm2). The majority of wounds showed signs of superficial infection (63% [n = 10]) and deep infection (88% [n = 14]). At week 12, 10 wounds (63%) had closed, 1 (6%) had decreased in surface area, 2 (13%) had increased in size, and 3 (19%) of the patients were lost to follow-up. Mean pain score was 3.4 at first visit; most patients reported reduction in pain scores by weeks 4 and 12. Participants reported improved mobility and ability to self-apply dressing. No adverse reactions were observed.

CONCLUSIONS:
Use of a surfactant-containing polymeric membrane foam wound dressing with glycerin may have facilitated wound closure in 10 of 13 patients who completed the 12-week study.
Measurement Reliability in Pediatric Lateral Condyle Fractures of the Humerus
Authors: Bland Daniel C. , Pennock Andrew T. , Upasani Vidyadhar V. , Edmonds Eric W. 
Published: June 2018

Background:
Lateral condyle fractures of the distal humerus are the second most common pediatric elbow fracture. A difference of 1 or 2 mm in fracture displacement measurement may change the operative or nonoperative management of a minimally displaced fracture. The goal of this study was to determine the interobserver and intraobserver agreement in the measurements of displacement of lateral condyle fractures of the humerus.

Methods:
A retrospective radiographic review of 60 patients was performed by 3 reviewers. Fracture displacement was measured in millimeters on all radiographic projections and repeated by a single author 1 month later. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) were calculated for intraobserver and interobserver agreement. We then calculated the percentage of measurements that differed by >1 or 2 mm. Analysis was performed on the entire cohort of displaced fractures and again separately for a cohort of minimally displaced fractures (defined as <5 mm).

Results:
The combined ICC for intraobserver reliability across all radiographic projections was 0.96 (range, 0.952 to 0.977), but there was disagreement between a single reviewer’s own measurements 17.3% of the time. Within the cohort of fractures displaced <5 mL, this intrarater disagreement (>2 mm) dropped to 4%. Interobserver reliability was also high with an ICC of 0.90 (range, 0.861 to 0.924). Within the minimally displaced cohort (<5 mm), the interrater disagreement was 6.6% when using a 2 mm cutoff and 22.2% when using a 1 mm cutoff.

Conclusions:
Intraobserver and interobserver reliability are high when measuring lateral condyle fractures and the percent of clinical disagreement is low when measuring minimally displaced fractures for which treatment depends on measuring to the millimeter. The internal oblique projection is the most reliable view for measuring lateral condyle fracture displacement, whereas the external oblique view offers little in terms of reliability. This study may be used as a platform for further research, verifying that reliable measurements of lateral humeral condyle fracture displacement can be obtained within 1 to 2 mm from adequate plain films.

Level of Evidence:
Level III.
Mid-term and Long-term Functional and Radiographic Results of 13 Surgically Treated Adolescent Capitellum Fractures
Authors: Onay Tolga , Gümüştaş Seyit A. , Baykan Said E. , Akgülle Ahmet H. , Erol Bülent , Irgit Kaan S. 
Published: June 2018

Background:
Capitellum fractures are rare in adolescents, and information in literature is still limited. The purpose of this study was to report the mid-term and long-term functional and radiographic results of 13 surgically treated adolescent capitellum fractures in a level I trauma center.

Methods:
This retrospective study included patients aged 10 to 16 years, who underwent surgery for a capitellum fracture and were followed up for at least 12 months. Fractures were classified according to the McKee modification of the Bryan and Morrey classification, and elbow arthritis was classified using the Broberg and Morrey system. Functional outcomes were assessed with the Mayo Elbow Performance Index (MEPI) and the Turkish-language version of the shortened version of the Disabilities of Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (QuickDASH) scale.

Results:
The mean time to surgical intervention was 4.5 days (range, 1 to 18 d). The mean flexion-extension range of motion arc was measured as 115 (range, 45 to 150) degrees. The mean restriction for extension and flexion compared with the uninjured side was measured as 10.7 (range, 0 to 45) and 11.5 (range, 0 to 45) degrees, respectively. The mean MEPI was 87.7 points (range, 50 to 100 points) with 9 patients as excellent, 1 good, 1 fair, and 2 poor results. The mean QuickDASH score was 11 (range, 0 to 57). The mean MEPI score was 95.6 and 75 and the mean QuickDASH score was 2.62 and 25.0 for early surgery group (≤3 d) and late surgery group (>3 d), respectively (P=0.073, 0.024). Elbow joint contracture developed in 4 patients. Implant removal and open release of joint contracture was applied to 2 patients. Elbow arthritis of grade 3 was observed in 2 patients and grade 2 in 1 patient.

Conclusions:
Capitellum fractures may be easily missed on conventional radiographs, if not suspected. Delayed diagnosis may lead to a worsening of the functional outcomes. Computerized tomography is helpful in the determination of these fractures. Early diagnosis and a well-performed surgery is essential for successful outcome.

Level of Evidence:
Level IV—case series.
Comparing the Efficacy of Methods for Immobilizing the Cervical Spine
Authors: Rahmatalla Salam , DeShaw Jonathan , Stilley Joshua , Denning Gerene , Jennissen Charles 
Published: June 2018

Study Design.
This was a prospective simulator study with 16 healthy male subjects.

Objective.
The aim of this study was to compare the relative efficacy of immobilization systems in limiting involuntary movements of the cervical spine using a dynamic simulation model.

Summary of Background Data.
Relatively few studies have tested the efficacy of immobilization methods for limiting involuntary cervical movement, and only one of these studies used a dynamic simulation system to do so.

Methods.
Immobilization configurations tested were cot alone, cot with cervical collar, long spine board (LSB) with cervical collar and head blocks, and vacuum mattress (VM) with cervical collar. A motion platform reproduced shocks and vibrations from ambulance and helicopter field rides, as well as more severe shocks and vibrations that might be encountered on rougher terrain and in inclement weather (designated as an “augmented” ride). Motion capture technology quantitated involuntary cervical rotation, flexion/extension, and lateral bend. The mean and 95% confidence interval of the mean were calculated for the root mean square of angular changes from the starting position and for the maximum range of motion.

Results.
All configurations tested decreased cervical rotation and flexion/extension relative to the cot alone. However, the LSB and VM were significantly more effective in decreasing cervical rotation than the cervical collar, and the LSB decreased rotation more than the VM in augmented rides. The LSB and VM, but not the cervical collar, significantly limited cervical lateral bend relative to the cot alone.

Conclusion.
Under the study conditions, the LSB and the VM were more effective in limiting cervical movement than the cervical collar. Under some conditions, the LSB decreased repetitive and acute movements more than the VM. Further studies using simulation and other approaches will be essential for determining the safest, most effective configuration should providers choose to immobilize patients with suspected spinal injuries.

Level of Evidence: 3
Surgical Treatment of Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy in the Elderly
Authors: Isogai Norihiro , Nagoshi Narihito , Iwanami Akio , Kono Hitoshi , Kobayashi Yoshiomi , Tsuji Takashi , Fujita Nobuyuki , Yagi Mitsuru , Watanabe Kota , Kitamura Kazuya , Shiono Yuta , Nakamura Masaya , Matsumoto Morio , Ishii Ken , Yamane Junichi 
Published: June 2018

Study Design.
Retrospective multicenter study.

Objective.
We aimed to assess the outcomes following posterior cervical decompression for cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) in a large sample of patients older than 80 years.

Summary of Background Data.
Although age is a predictor of surgical outcomes for CSM, most previous studies have only investigated the effect of age for patients aged 65 to 75 years, and surgical outcomes remain unclear for older patients.

Methods.
Patients older than 50 years who underwent posterior cervical decompression for CSM were enrolled from 17 institutions. The patients were grouped into a young–old group (<80 yrs old) and an old–old group (≥80 yrs). Clinical information, comorbidities, perioperative complications, Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) scores, Japanese Orthopaedic Association Cervical Myelopathy Evaluation Questionnaire (JOACMEQ), visual analog scale (VAS) scores, and radiographic parameters were compared between the two groups. All patients were followed for at least 1 year after surgery.

Results.
The young–old and old–old groups included 491 and 77 patients, respectively. The JOA score and quality of life measured by JOACMEQ improved significantly after surgery in both groups. Compared with the young–old group, the old–old group had lower preoperative JOA scores (9.6 vs. 11.0), lower final JOA scores (12.6 vs. 14.0), and lower recovery rates (42% vs. 50%). However, there were no significant differences in perioperative complications or in the VAS scores at the final assessments. The old–old group had a higher mean preoperative sagittal Cobb angle at C2–C5, though this was not statistically significant postoperatively.

Conclusion.
Posterior decompression surgery is safe and beneficial for patients older than 80 years with CSM, despite having a more limited neurological recovery compared with younger patients.

Level of Evidence: 3
Inferring Pathogen Type Interactions Using Cross-sectional Prevalence Data: Opportunities and Pitfalls for Predicting Type Replacement
Authors: Man Irene , Wallinga Jacco , Bogaards Johannes A. 
Published: June 2018

Background:
Many multivalent vaccines target only a subset of all pathogenic types. If vaccine and nonvaccine types compete, vaccination may lead to type replacement. The plausibility of type replacement has been assessed using the odds ratio (OR) of co-infections in cross-sectional prevalence data, with OR > 1 being interpreted as low risk of type replacement. The usefulness of the OR as a predictor for type replacement is debated, as it lacks a theoretical justification, and there is no framework explaining under which assumptions the OR predicts type replacement.

Methods:
We investigate the values that the OR can take based on deterministic S usceptible- I infected- S usceptible and S usceptible- Infected- Recovered- S usceptible multitype transmission models. We consider different mechanisms of type interactions and explore parameter values ranging from synergistic to competitive interactions.

Results:
We find that OR > 1 might mask competition because of confounding due to unobserved common risk factors and cross-immunity, as indicated by earlier studies. We prove mathematically that unobserved common risk factors lead to an elevation of the OR, and present an intuitive explanation why cross-immunity increases the OR. We find that OR < 1 is predictive for type replacement in the absence of immunity. With immunity, OR < 1 remains predictive under biologically reasonable assumptions of unidirectional interactions during infection, and an absence of immunity-induced synergism.

Conclusions:
Using the OR in cross-sectional data to predict type replacement is justified, but is only unambiguous under strict assumptions. An accurate prediction of type replacement requires pathogen-specific knowledge on common risk factors and cross-immunity.
Prevalence and Distribution of Potential Vascularized Composite Allotransplant Donors, Implications for Optimizing the Donor-recipient Match
Authors: Mendenhall Shaun D. , Ginnetti Michael T. , Sawyer Justin D. , Verhulst Steven J. , West Bradford L. , Levin L. Scott , Neumeister Michael W. 
Published: June 2018

Background:
Vascularized composite allotransplantation (VCA) is an emerging and growing field. Little is known about the prevalence and distribution of the adult potential donor population in the United States now that it falls under the oversight of the United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS).

Methods:
We assessed the UNOS database from 2008 to 2015 to estimate the prevalence and distribution of adult potential vascularized composite allograft donors. Donor inclusion and exclusion criteria were developed in a way to minimize risk to recipients and were applied to the dataset. Donors were categorized by factors that influence vascularized composite allograft matching including ABO blood type, cytomegalovirus status, and ethnicity (correlate for skin color) and sorted by UNOS region.

Results:
Just under half of all brain dead donors met the inclusion/exclusion criteria. Blood type O, cytomegalovirus+, White donors represented the most frequent donor profile while blood type AB, cytomegalovirus-, Asian donors were the least common. UNOS region 3 had the most and region 1 had the least potential VCA donors per year. Nearly all potential VCA donors were solid organ donors with the liver being the most commonly donated solid organ in this population.

Conclusions:
A large portion of the solid organ donor pool would qualify as adult vascularized composite allograft donors in the current UNOS system. These data will assist transplant teams in determining the prevalence and distribution of vascularized composite allograft donors for their individual patients awaiting composite allografts based on relevant matching characteristics in addition to standard transplant criteria.