bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activity of Porcine Liver Hydrolysate in Meat Emulsion and Their Influence on Physico‐Chemical and Color Deterioration During Refrigeration Storage
Authors: Verma Akhilesh K. , Chatli Manish Kumar , Kumar Pavan , Mehta Nitin 
Published: June 2019

AbstractPresent study explored the quality changes in meat emulsion during storage at refrigerated temperature prepared with inclusion of three different levels of liver protein hydrolysate (LPH) in meat emulsion (LPH‐1: 0.03, LPH‐2: 0.06, and LPH‐3: 0.09%) and compared with control (LPH: 0.00%) and positive control (butylated hydroxytoluene: 0.02% w/w meat emulsion). Physico‐chemicals, antioxidant activities, lipid oxidation, color profile, microbial quality, and microbial challenge test (MCT) were assessed for all groups. Results indicated that all evaluated attributes were considerably improved with increase in LPH concentration. Among treated groups, LPH‐3 was maintained comparatively better for every attribute assessed during storage studying. Regarding microbial quality, LPH‐3 showed (P ≤ 0.05) lower aerobic plate count, coliforms, and yeast mold counts than others. Likewise for MCT, significantly (P ≤ 0.05) lower microbial counts were recorded in LPH‐3 during storage. Results concluded that LPH can be a good alternative substance for the preservation of meat for lower oxidation activity and bacterial growth.Practical ApplicationMeat emulsion is more prone to lipid oxidation and microbial contamination than fresh meat. However, for the preparation of convenient, value added meat products, better utilization of freezed meat and reduced cooking time have enhanced the demand of emulsion‐based meat products. Liver protein hydrolysate can be a good alternative substance for the preservation of emulsion‐based meat products. Treated groups better retained their physico‐chemical properties, color indices, and showed lower oxidation and microbial counts than control. It can be exploited commercially for the preparation of functional foods, nutraceuticals, and cosmeceuticals.
Relevance of CRISP proteins for epididymal physiology, fertilization, and fertility
Authors: Weigel Muñoz M. , Carvajal G. , Curci L. , Gonzalez S. N. , Cuasnicu P. S. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe molecular mechanisms involved in the acquisition of mammalian sperm fertilizing ability are still poorly understood, reflecting the complexity of this process.ObjectivesIn this review, we describe the role of Cysteine RIch Secretory Proteins (CRISP1–4) in different steps of the sperm journey to the egg as well as their relevance for fertilization and fertility.Materials and MethodsWe analyze bibliography reporting the phenotypes of CRISP KO mice models and combine this search with recent findings from our team.ResultsGeneration of individual KO for CRISP proteins reveals they are key mediators in different stages of the fertilization process. However, in spite of their important functional roles, KO males for each of these proteins remain fertile, supporting the existence of compensatory mechanisms between homologous CRISP family members. The development of mice lacking epididymal CRISP1 and CRISP4 simultaneously (DKO) revealed that mutant males exhibit an impaired fertility due to deficiencies in the sperm ability to fertilize the eggs in vivo, consistent with the proposed roles of the two proteins in fertilization. Interestingly, DKO males show clear defects in both epididymal epithelium differentiation and luminal acidification known to be critical for sperm maturation and storage. Whereas in most of the cases, these epithelium defects seem to specifically affect the sperm fertilizing ability, some animals exhibit a disruption of the characteristic immune tolerance of the organ with clear signs of inflammation and sperm viability defects.Discussion and ConclusionAltogether, these observations confirm the relevance of CRISP proteins for male fertility and contribute to a better understanding of the fine‐tuning mechanisms underlying sperm maturation and immune tolerance within the epididymis. Moreover, considering the existence of a human epididymal protein functionally equivalent to rodent CRISP1 and CRISP4, DKO mice may represent an excellent model for studying human epididymal physiology and pathology.
Preconditioning of adipose‐derived stem cells by phosphodiesterase‐5 inhibition enhances therapeutic efficacy against diabetes‐induced erectile dysfunction
Authors: Yang J. , Yu Z. , Zhang Y. , Zang G.‐H. , Zhuan L. , Tang Z. , Liu Y. , Wang T. , Wang S.‐G. , Liu J.‐H. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackgroundAdipose‐derived stem cells have been considered as a promising therapy for erectile dysfunction. However, the therapeutic efficacy of adipose‐derived stem cell‐based therapy requires improvement.ObjectiveTo determine whether the inhibition of phosphodiesterase type 5 in adipose‐derived stem cells would improve stem cell therapy for rats with diabetes‐induced erectile dysfunction.Materials and MethodsA phosphodiesterase type 5 siRNA was incorporated into lentiviral vectors and transduced into adipose‐derived stem cells. The mRNA and protein levels of phosphodiesterase type 5 were evaluated. Three days after transduction, the adipose‐derived stem cell supernatant was collected to determinate the levels of insulin‐like growth factor 1 and vascular endothelial growth factor. Streptozotocin‐induced diabetic rat models were established and used for comparative analysis of 1‐ and 2‐week treatment regimens with intracavernosal injection of adipose‐derived stem cells or Lv‐siPDE5‐modified adipose‐derived stem cells.ResultsLv‐siPDE5‐ADSCs secreted more insulin‐like growth factor 1 and vascular endothelial growth factor in supernatants than unmodified adipose‐derived stem cells. Preconditioned Adipose‐derived stem cells‐treated diabetic rats showed consistently superior erectile function when compared with non‐preconditioned adipose‐derived stem cells after 2 weeks of treatment. Lv‐siPDE5‐ADSCs provided additional benefits in recovery of cavernous structures with rapid effects (1 week) when compared to plain adipose‐derived stem cells. These features were associated with the significantly increased levels of insulin‐like growth factor 1 and vascular endothelial growth factor in Lv‐siPDE5‐ADSC‐treated diabetic rats.ConclusionsAdipose‐derived stem cell therapy could serve as an alternate approach for diabetes‐induced erectile dysfunction, albeit with a long onset period. In vitro preconditioning of adipose‐derived stem cells could accelerate the functional and structural recovery in vivo, indicating that preconditioning by inhibition of phosphodiesterase type 5 may improve adipose‐derived stem cells therapy following diabetes‐induced erectile dysfunction.
Residual cancerous lesion and vein tumour thrombus identified intraoperatively using a fluorescence navigation system in liver surgery
Authors: He Pan , Su Song , Fang Cheng , He Kai , Chi Chongwei , Xia Xianming , Tian Jie , Li Bo 
Published: June 2019

AimThe main aims of this study are to investigate the clinical application value of using indocyanine green fluorescence imaging for ensuring complete resection of tumour tissue during hepatectomy and to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of near‐infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging system using indocyanine green in hepatectomy.MethodsAfter undergoing liver resection at the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University from July 2017 to May 2018, 35 eligible patients were included in this study. The liver surface and resection margin were intraoperatively assessed by intraoperative ultrasonography and NIR fluorescence imaging, after intravenous administration of indocyanine green (0.5 mg/kg) 72–96 h prior to surgery. The intraoperative observations were compared with the pathological findings in the liver.ResultsIn the 35 patients, a total of 53 lesions were found, of which 42 were malignant lesions. The analysis results showed that the sensitivity and accuracy of detection using NIR fluorescence imaging were significantly higher than with intraoperative ultrasonography (P < 0.05). However, there was no difference between contrast‐enhanced helical computed tomography and NIR fluorescence imaging in finding lesions (P > 0.05). In addition, 11 new suspicious lesions were detected only by NIR fluorescence imaging in the liver surface and resection margin during surgery, four of which were hepatocellular carcinoma. We also detected four vein tumour thrombi using the NIR fluorescence navigation system.ConclusionsThe NIR fluorescence navigation system enables the identification of small tumours, residual cancer tissues in resection margin and venous tumour embolies in real time and enhances the accuracy and integrity of liver resection.
Effect of fast freezing then thaw‐aging on meat quality attributes of lamb M. longissimus lumborum
Authors: Balan Prabhu , Kim Yuan H. Brad , Stuart Adam D. , Kemp Robert , Staincliffe Maryaan , Craigie Cameron , Farouk Mustafa M. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe objective of this study was to determine the effect of two different freezing rate then thaw‐aging regimens on the quality attributes of lamb loins. The loins were randomly allocated to one of five different freezing/thawing/aging regimes: fast‐(FF1A0) and slow‐(SF1A0) frozen only; fast‐(FF1A2) and slow‐(SF1A2) frozen then thaw‐aged for 14 days; aged for 14 days never frozen (A2). FF1A2 samples had a significantly higher water‐holding capacity compared to the slow frozen regardless of further aging periods. FF1A2 samples had lower (p < 0.05) shear force values than A2 and higher (p < 0.05) water‐holding capacity compared to the SF1A2. Fast freezing resulted in more intracellular cryo‐damage, whereas slow freezing resulted in extracellular cryo‐damage. FF1A0 and SF1A0 samples had lower (p < 0.05) myofibrillar proteins degradation. This study demonstrated that fast freezing then thaw‐aging can result in an improved water‐holding capacity and tenderness through the minimization of extracellular ice crystal formation, reduction in purge and drip losses, and improved proteolysis in thawed lamb.
Come Fly with Me: An overview of dopamine receptors in Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: Karam Caline S. , Jones Sandra K. , Javitch Jonathan A. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractDopamine (DA) receptors play critical roles in a wide range of behaviours, including sensory processing, motor function, reward and arousal. As such, aberrant DA signalling is associated with numerous neurological and psychiatric disorders. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms by which DA neurotransmission drives intracellular signalling pathways that modulate behaviour can provide critical insights to guide the development of targeted therapeutics. Drosophila melanogaster has emerged as a powerful model with unique advantages to study the mechanisms underlying DA neurotransmission and associated behaviours in a controlled and systematic manner. Many regions in the fly brain innervated by dopaminergic neurons have been mapped and linked to specific behaviours, including associative learning and arousal. Here, we provide an overview of the homology between human and Drosophila dopaminergic systems and review the current literature on the pharmacology, molecular signalling mechanisms and behavioural outcome of DA receptor activation in the Drosophila brain.
Metformin inhibits Aβ25‐35‐induced apoptotic cell death in SH‐SY5Y cells
Authors: Li Li‐Xia , Liu Meng‐Yu , Jiang Xue , Xia Zhen‐Hong , Wang Yu‐Xiang , An Di , Wang Hong‐Gang , Heng Bin , Liu Yan‐Qiang 
Published: June 2019

AbstractMetformin, a first‐line drug for type‐2 diabetes, plays a potentially protective role in preventing Alzheimer's disease (AD), but its underlying mechanism is unclear. In this study, Aβ25‐35‐treated SH‐SY5Y cells were used as a cell model of AD to investigate the neuroprotective effect of metformin, as well as its underlying mechanisms. We found that metformin decreased the cell apoptosis rate and death, ratio of Bcl‐2/Bax, and expression of NR2A and NR2B, and increased the expression of LC3 in Aβ25‐35‐treated SH‐SY5Y cells. Metformin also reduced intracellular and extracellular Glu concentrations, as well as the intracellular concentration of Ca2+ and ROS in Aβ25‐35‐treated SH‐SY5Y cells. These findings suggest that metformin inhibits Aβ25‐35‐treated SH‐SY5Y cell death by inhibiting apoptosis, decreasing intracellular Ca2+ and ROS by reducing neurotoxicity of excitatory amino acids, and by possibly reversing autophagy disorder via regulating autophagy process.
The impact of prostate‐specific antigen persistence after radical prostatectomy on the efficacy of salvage radiotherapy in patients with primary N0 prostate cancer
Authors: Bartkowiak Detlef , Siegmann Alessandra , Böhmer Dirk , Budach Volker , Wiegel Thomas 
Published: June 2019

ObjectiveTo test whether salvage radiotherapy (SRT) in patients with lymph node negative (N0) prostate cancer is equally effective with persistent prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) and PSA rising from the undetectable range (<0.1 ng/mL) after radical prostatectomy (RP).Patients and methodsWe assessed post‐SRT PSA progression‐free survival (PFS) in 555 patients with prostate cancer. The entire cohort was compared with a risk‐adjusted subgroup of 112 patient pairs with matching pre‐RP PSA level (±10 ng/mL), Gleason score (≤6 vs 7 vs ≥8), and pre‐SRT PSA level (±0.5 ng/mL).ResultsThe median follow‐up was 6.1 years. After RP, PSA was undetectable in 422 and persistent in 133 patients. PSA persistence and a pre‐SRT PSA level of ≥0.5 ng/mL reduced Kaplan–Meier rates of PFS significantly. In multivariate analysis of the entire cohort and after risk adjustment, the pre‐SRT PSA level but not post‐RP PSA persistence was a significant parameter. In the matched cohort's subgroup with early SRT at a PSA level of <0.5 ng/mL, a trend towards a worse outcome with post‐RP PSA persistence was observed. Delayed SRT with a PSA level ≥0.5 ng/mL led to a PFS of <30%, irrespective of the post‐RP PSA level.ConclusionIn patients with N0 prostate cancer with post‐RP PSA persistence, early SRT at a PSA level <0.5 ng/mL seems to be less effective than in recurrent patients with post‐RP undetectable PSA. They might benefit from intensified therapy, but larger case numbers are required to substantiate this conclusion. In patients with a PSA level ≥0.5 ng/mL and higher‐risk features associated with post‐RP PSA persistence, SRT alone is unlikely to provide long‐term freedom from further progression.
Enhanced ATP release and CD73‐mediated adenosine formation sustain adenosine A2A receptor over‐activation in a rat model of Parkinson's disease
Authors: Carmo Marta , Gonçalves Francisco Q. , Canas Paula M. , Oses Jean‐Pierre , Fernandes Francisco D. , Duarte Filipe V. , Palmeira Carlos M. , Tomé Angelo R. , Agostinho Paula , Andrade Geanne M. , Cunha Rodrigo A. 
Published: June 2019

Background and PurposeParkinson's disease (PD) involves an initial loss of striatal dopamine terminals evolving into degeneration of dopamine neurons in substantia nigra (SN), which can be modelled by 6‐hydroxydopamine (6‐OHDA) administration. Adenosine A2A receptor blockade attenuates PD features in animal models, but the source of the adenosine causing A2A receptor over‐activation is unknown. As ATP is a stress signal, we have tested if extracellular catabolism of adenine nucleotides into adenosine (through ecto‐5′‐nucleotidase or CD73) leads to A2A receptor over‐activation in PD.Experimental ApproachEffects of blocking CD73 with α,β‐methylene ADP (AOPCP) were assayed in 6‐OHDA‐treated rats and dopamine‐differentiated neuroblastoma SH‐SY5Y cells.Key Results6‐OHDA increased ATP release and extracellular conversion into adenosine through CD73 up‐regulation in SH‐SY5Y cells. Removing extracellular adenosine with adenosine deaminase, blocking CD73 with AOPCP, or blocking A2A receptors with SCH58261 were equi‐effective in preventing 6‐OHDA‐induced damage in SH‐SY5Y cells. In vivo striatal exposure to 6‐OHDA increased ATP release and extracellular formation of adenosine from adenosine nucleotides and up‐regulated CD73 and A2A receptors in striatal synaptosomes. Intracerebroventricular administration of AOPCP phenocopied effects of SCH58261, attenuating 6‐OHDA‐induced (a) increase of contralateral rotations after apomorphine, (b) reduction of dopamine content in striatum and SN, (c) loss of TH staining in striatum and SN, (d) motor dysfunction in the cylinder test, and (e) short‐term memory impairment in the object recognition test.Conclusion and ImplicationsOur data indicate that increased ATP‐derived adenosine formation is responsible for A2A receptor over‐activation in PD, suggesting CD73 as a new target to manage PD.
Intranasal administration of a stapled relaxin‐3 mimetic has anxiolytic‐ and antidepressant‐like activity in rats
Authors: Marwari Subhi , Poulsen Anders , Shih Norrapat , Lakshminarayanan Rajamani , Kini R. Manjunatha , Johannes Charles William , Dymock Brian William , Dawe Gavin Stewart 
Published: June 2019

Background and PurposeDepression and anxiety are common causes of disability, and innovative tools and potential pharmacological targets are actively sought for prevention and treatment. Therapeutic strategies targeting the relaxin‐3 peptide or its primary endogenous receptor, RXFP3, for the treatment of major depression and anxiety disorders have been limited by a lack of compounds with drug‐like properties. We proposed that a hydrocarbon‐stapled mimetic of relaxin‐3, when administered intranasally, might be uniquely applicable to the treatment of these disorders.Experimental ApproachWe designed a series of hydrocarbon‐stapled relaxin‐3 mimetics and identified the most potent compound using in vitro receptor binding and activation assays. Further, we assessed the effect of intranasal delivery of relaxin‐3 and the lead stapled mimetic in rat models of anxiety and depression.Key ResultsWe developed an i,i+7 stapled relaxin‐3 mimetic that manifested a stabilized α‐helical structure, proteolytic resistance, and confirmed agonist activity in receptor binding and activation in vitro assays. The stapled peptide agonist enhanced food intake after intracerebral infusion in rats, confirming in vivo activity. We showed that intranasal delivery of the lead i,i+7 stapled peptide or relaxin‐3 had orexigenic effects in rats, indicating a potential clinically translatable route of delivery. Further, intranasal administration of the lead i,i+7 stapled peptide exerted anxiolytic and antidepressant‐like activity in anxiety‐ and depression‐related behaviour paradigms.Conclusions and ImplicationsOur preclinical findings demonstrate that targeting the relaxin‐3/RXFP3 receptor system via intranasal delivery of an i,i+7 stapled relaxin‐3 mimetic may represent an effective treatment approach for depression, anxiety, and related neuropsychiatric disorders.
Evaluation of SHOX defects in the era of next‐generation sequencing
Authors: Funari Mariana F.A. , de Barros Juliana S. , Santana Lucas S. , Lerario Antonio M. , Freire Bruna L. , Homma Thais K. , Vasques Gabriela A. , Mendonca Berenice B. , Nishi Mirian Y. , Jorge Alexander A.L. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractShort stature homeobox (SHOX) haploinsufficiency is a frequent cause of short stature. Despite advances in sequencing technologies, the identification of SHOX mutations continues to be performed using standard methods, including multiplex ligation‐dependent probe amplification (MLPA) followed by Sanger sequencing. We designed a targeted panel of genes associated with growth impairment, including SHOX genomic and enhancer regions, to improve the resolution of next‐generation sequencing for SHOX analysis. We used two software packages, CONTRA and Nexus Copy Number, in addition to visual analysis to investigate the presence of copy number variants (CNVs). We evaluated 15 patients with previously known SHOX defects, including point mutations, deletions and a duplication, and 77 patients with idiopathic short stature (ISS). The panel was able to confirm all known defects in the validation analysis. During the prospective evaluation, we identified two new partial SHOX deletions (one detected only by visual analysis), including an intragenic deletion not detected by MLPA. Additionally, we were able to determine the breakpoints in four cases. Our results show that the designed panel can be used for the molecular investigation of patients with ISS, and it may even detect CNVs in SHOX and its enhancers, which may be present in a significant fraction of patients.
Responsiveness of acoustic rhinometry to septorhinoplasty by comparison with rhinomanometry and subjective instruments
Authors: Ansari Edward , Rogister Florence , Lefebvre Philippe , Tombu Sophie , Poirrier Anne‐Lise 
Published: June 2019

AbstractObjectivesNose patency measures and instruments assessing subjective health are increasingly being used in rhinology. However, there is very little evidence of comparing existing methods' responsiveness to change. We evaluated the responsiveness of acoustic rhinometry to nasal valve surgery by comparison with rhinomanometry and patient‐reported outcome instruments.DesignProspective case‐control study.SettingTertiary referral University Hospital.ParticipantsSixty consecutive patients with internal nasal valve dysfunction and 20 healthy volunteers as control group were enrolled. Prospectively collected data included acoustic rhinometry, rhinomanometry, NOSE scale, SNOT‐23 questionnaire, visual analogue scale and demographics.Main outcome measuresPrimary endpoint was the responsiveness of acoustic rhinometry to functional septorhinoplasty surgery at 3 months. Secondary endpoints were ability of acoustic rhinometry to reflect “known group” differences and correlation to subjective symptoms.ResultsAcoustic rhinometry was highly responsive to septorhinoplasty (P < 0.0001) while anterior rhinomanometry was not (P = 0.08). Based on the quartiles of the postoperative change in NOSE score, patients were classified as, respectively, non‐responders, mild, moderate and good responders to surgery. Logistic regression model showed that acoustic rhinometry was able to discriminate non‐responders to responders to surgery (P = 0.019), while anterior rhinomanometry failed (P = 0.611). Sensitivity and specificity of acoustic rhinometry were significantly higher (ROC area = 0.76) than rhinomanometry (ROC area = 0.48). Acoustic rhinometry was also superior than rhinomanometry to discriminate patients from control subjects and agreed better with patients‐based subjective questionnaires.ConclusionsOur study confirms and quantifies the responsiveness of acoustic rhinometry to nasal valve surgery, with a higher sensitivity and specificity than rhinomanometry.