bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Posteruptive Thermoelastic Deflation of Intruded Magma in Usu Volcano, Japan, 1992–2017
Authors: Wang Xiaowen , Aoki Yosuke 
Published: January 2019

AbstractSecular ground subsidence at Usu volcano (Japan) has been reported around the eruption vents following the four eruptions in 1910, 1943, 1977, and 2000. However, the mechanisms accounting for the subsidence have not been well understood. In this study, we systematically investigated the posteruptive deformation at Usu volcano using interferometric synthetic aperture radar based on 111 JERS, ALOS‐1, and ALOS‐2 images acquired from 1992 to 2017. We also calculated quasi east‐west and vertical ground displacements between 2006 and 2017. Our results show three localized deformation regions from west to east of Usu volcano with their locations corresponding to the 2000, 1977, and 1943 eruption vents, respectively. All the deformation sites show patterns of east‐west contraction and subsidence. The extent and rate of posteruptive subsidence declined dramatically at the vent of the 2000 eruption site from 2006 to 2017, decreased gradually at the 1977 vent, and show a steady pattern for the 1943 site during 1992–2017. We ascribed the observed posteruptive subsidence to thermoelastic contraction of a sphere intruded at the time of the eruptions to constrain locations, depths, and volumes of heat sources with the assumption of the spherical source shapes. Thermoelastic modeling reveals that the heat sources are embedded at shallow depths not deeper than 400 m below sea level with volumes of about (8.72 ± 0.19) × 106, (132.18 ± 5.21) × 106, and (49.51 ± 2.02) × 106 m3 for the 2000, 1977, and 1943 eruption sites, respectively. The modeling also highlights the importance of underground water in assessing the thermal diffusion process and the associated posteruptive deformation.
Surface Water Temperature Heterogeneity at Subpixel Satellite Scales and Its Effect on the Surface Cooling Estimates of a Large Lake: Airborne Remote Sensing Results From Lake Geneva
Authors: Irani Rahaghi Abolfazl , Lemmin Ulrich , Barry David Andrew 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe dynamics of spatial heterogeneity of lake surface water temperature (LSWT) at subpixel satellite scale O(1 m) and its effect on the surface cooling estimation at typical satellite pixel areas O(1 km2) were investigated using an airborne platform. The measurements provide maps that revealed spatial LSWT variability with unprecedented detail. The cold season data did not show significant LSWT heterogeneity and hence no surface cooling spatial variability. However, based on three selected daytime subpixel‐scale maps, LSWT patterns showed a variability of >2 °C in the spring and >3.5 °C in the summer, corresponding to a spatial surface cooling range of >20 and >40 W/m2, respectively. Due to the nonlinear relationship between turbulent surface heat fluxes and LSWT, negatively skewed LSWT distributions resulted in negatively skewed surface cooling patterns under very stable or predominantly unstable atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) conditions and positively skewed surface cooling patterns under predominantly stable ABL conditions. Implementing a mean spatial filter, the effect of area‐averaged LSWT on the surface cooling estimation up to a typical satellite pixel was assessed. The effect of the averaging filter size on the mean spatial surface cooling values was negligible, except for predominantly stable ABL conditions. In that situation, a reduction of ~3.5 W/m2 was obtained when moving from high O(1 m) to low O(1 km) pixel resolution.
Inverse Modeling the Brazil‐Malvinas Confluence
Authors: Orúe‐Echevarría Dorleta , Pelegrí Josep L. , Machín Francisco , Hernández‐Guerra Alonso , Emelianov Mikhail 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe Brazil‐Malvinas Confluence arises from the frontal encountering of the subtropical Brazil Current and subantarctic Malvinas Current. It displays a complex regional circulation that is accompanied by mesoscale features and thermohaline intrusions. Here we combine altimetry and cruise data to describe the circulation pattern in the upper 2,000 m at two spatial scales encircling the frontal system. The major regional features appear south of the confluence latitude at 39–40°S: (a) a relatively weak Malvinas Current near 41°S, 56°W (28.3 ± 1.4 Sv), followed by its cyclonic retroflection; (b) an intense subtropical anticyclone (59.3 ± 10.7 Sv) that replaces the Brazil Current overshoot; and (c) a very intense subantarctic inflow (78.9 ± 13.7 Sv) near 53°W that is maintained through both an upstream (near 42°S) earlier diversion of the Malvinas Current and the cyclonic recirculation of the flow exiting east along the confluence. North of the confluence, the Brazil Current provides a net input of 30.8 ± 12.0 Sv (29.1 ± 8.3 Sv along the slope). The southern inflow splits nearly equal between barotropic and baroclinic contributions while the entire northern flow is essentially baroclinic. These northern and southern inputs add to an eastward along‐front transport of 109.7 ± 15.1 Sv, with significant contribution of highly oxygenated, relatively fresh Subantarctic Mode and Antarctic Intermediate Waters (58.7 ± 5.6 Sv). The regional circulation experiences substantial temporal variability, with southern waters flowing into the Brazil‐Malvinas Confluence through along‐slope and interior pathways and partly recirculating within the subtropical South Atlantic gyre.
Sensitivity to splicing modulation of BCL2 family genes defines cancer therapeutic strategies for splicing modulators
Authors: Aird Daniel , Teng Teng , Huang Chia-Ling , Pazolli Ermira , Banka Deepti , Cheung-Ong Kahlin , Eifert Cheryl , Furman Craig , Wu Zhenhua Jeremy , Seiler Michael , Buonamici Silvia , Fekkes Peter , Karr Craig , Palacino James , Park Eunice , Smith Peter G. , Yu Lihua , Mizui Yoshiharu , Warmuth Markus , Chicas Agustin , Corson Laura , Zhu Ping 
Published: January 2019

AbstractDysregulation of RNA splicing by spliceosome mutations or in cancer genes is increasingly recognized as a hallmark of cancer. Small molecule splicing modulators have been introduced into clinical trials to treat solid tumors or leukemia bearing recurrent spliceosome mutations. Nevertheless, further investigation of the molecular mechanisms that may enlighten therapeutic strategies for splicing modulators is highly desired. Here, using unbiased functional approaches, we report that the sensitivity to splicing modulation of the anti-apoptotic BCL2 family genes is a key mechanism underlying preferential cytotoxicity induced by the SF3b-targeting splicing modulator E7107. While BCL2A1, BCL2L2 and MCL1 are prone to splicing perturbation, BCL2L1 exhibits resistance to E7107-induced splicing modulation. Consequently, E7107 selectively induces apoptosis in BCL2A1-dependent melanoma cells and MCL1-dependent NSCLC cells. Furthermore, combination of BCLxL (BCL2L1-encoded) inhibitors and E7107 remarkably enhances cytotoxicity in cancer cells. These findings inform mechanism-based approaches to the future clinical development of splicing modulators in cancer treatment.
The Metabolic Response to a Low Amino Acid Diet is Independent of Diet-Induced Shifts in the Composition of the Gut Microbiome
Authors: Pak Heidi H. , Cummings Nicole E. , Green Cara L. , Brinkman Jacqueline A. , Yu Deyang , Tomasiewicz Jay L. , Yang Shany E. , Boyle Colin , Konon Elizabeth N. , Ong Irene M. , Lamming Dudley W. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractObesity and type 2 diabetes are increasing in prevalence around the world, and there is a clear need for new and effective strategies to promote metabolic health. A low protein (LP) diet improves metabolic health in both rodents and humans, but the mechanisms that underlie this effect remain unknown. The gut microbiome has recently emerged as a potent regulator of host metabolism and the response to diet. Here, we demonstrate that a LP diet significantly alters the taxonomic composition of the gut microbiome at the phylum level, altering the relative abundance of Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Firmicutes. Transcriptional profiling suggested that any impact of the microbiome on liver metabolism was likely independent of the microbiome-farnesoid X receptor (FXR) axis. We therefore tested the ability of a LP diet to improve metabolic health following antibiotic ablation of the gut microbiota. We found that a LP diet promotes leanness, increases energy expenditure, and improves glycemic control equally well in mice treated with antibiotics as in untreated control animals. Our results demonstrate that the beneficial effects of a LP diet on glucose homeostasis, energy balance, and body composition are unlikely to be mediated by diet-induced changes in the taxonomic composition of the gut microbiome.
The Dice measure of cubic hesitant fuzzy sets and its initial evaluation method of benign prostatic hyperplasia symptoms
Authors: Fu Jing , Ye Jun , Cui Wenhua 
Published: January 2019

AbstractIn order to give the initial evaluation of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) symptoms regarding a patient, physician usually performs the clinical inquiry of the patient, whereas his/her responses may contain hesitant fuzzy and uncertain information. However, existing evaluation/diagnosis approaches of BPH symptoms cannot cope with the hybrid problem of both hesitant and uncertain responses of patients. Furthermore, existing evaluation approaches may lose some useful responses (e.g. hesitant fuzzy information) so as to result in the unreasonable or indeterminate evaluation/diagnosis in the evaluation process of patients. To overcome this insufficiency, this study firstly introduces the concept of a cubic hesitant fuzzy set (CHFS) based on combining uncertain/interval-valued fuzzy information with hesitant fuzzy information so as to express the hybrid fuzzy information and proposes the Dice measure between CHFSs based on the extension method of the least common multiple cardinality/number (LCMC) for the hesitant fuzzy sets in CHFS. Then, the initial evaluation approach of BPH symptoms is developed by using the Dice measure of CHFSs. Lastly, the assessment results of six BPH patients are presented as the clinical actual cases to indicate the applicability and effectiveness of the developed assessment approach in CHFS setting. The comparison with existing common evaluation methods shows that the developed evaluation/diagnosis method is superior to the existing common evaluation methods in the evaluation/diagnosis process of the clinical actual cases.
MultiLink Analysis: Brain Network Comparison via Sparse Connectivity Analysis
Authors: Crimi Alessandro , Giancardo Luca , Sambataro Fabio , Gozzi Alessandro , Murino Vittorio , Sona Diego 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe analysis of the brain from a connectivity perspective is revealing novel insights into brain structure and function. Discovery is, however, hindered by the lack of prior knowledge used to make hypotheses. Additionally, exploratory data analysis is made complex by the high dimensionality of data. Indeed, to assess the effect of pathological states on brain networks, neuroscientists are often required to evaluate experimental effects in case-control studies, with hundreds of thousands of connections. In this paper, we propose an approach to identify the multivariate relationships in brain connections that characterize two distinct groups, hence permitting the investigators to immediately discover the subnetworks that contain information about the differences between experimental groups. In particular, we are interested in data discovery related to connectomics, where the connections that characterize differences between two groups of subjects are found. Nevertheless, those connections do not necessarily maximize the accuracy in classification since this does not guarantee reliable interpretation of specific differences between groups. In practice, our method exploits recent machine learning techniques employing sparsity to deal with weighted networks describing the whole-brain macro connectivity. We evaluated our technique on functional and structural connectomes from human and murine brain data. In our experiments, we automatically identified disease-relevant connections in datasets with supervised and unsupervised anatomy-driven parcellation approaches and by using high-dimensional datasets.
Strangers in strange lands: mitochondrial proteins found at extra-mitochondrial locations
Authors: Scanlon David P. , Salter Michael W. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe mitochondrial proteome is estimated to contain ∼1100 proteins, the vast majority of which are nuclear-encoded, with only 13 proteins encoded by the mitochondrial genome. The import of these nuclear-encoded proteins into mitochondria was widely believed to be unidirectional, but recent discoveries have revealed that many these ‘mitochondrial’ proteins are exported, and have extra-mitochondrial activities divergent from their mitochondrial function. Surprisingly, three of the exported proteins discovered thus far are mitochondrially encoded and have significantly different extra-mitochondrial roles than those performed within the mitochondrion. In this review, we will detail the wide variety of proteins once thought to only reside within mitochondria, but now known to ‘emigrate’ from mitochondria in order to attain ‘dual citizenship’, present both within mitochondria and elsewhere.
MOV10 sequesters the RNP of influenza A virus in the cytoplasm and is antagonized by viral NS1 protein
Authors: Li Jian , Hu Siqi , Xu Fengwen , Mei Shan , Liu Xiaoman , Yin Lijuan , Zhao Fei , Zhao Xiaoxiao , Sun Hong , Xiong Zichen , Zhang Di , Cen Shan , Wang Jianwei , Liang Chen , Guo Fei 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
MOV10 has emerged as an important host antiviral factor. MOV10 not only inhibits various viruses, including human immunodeficiency virus type 1, hepatitis C virus and vesicular stomatitis virus, but also restricts the activity of retroelements long interspersed nucleotide element-1, Alu, SVA and intracisternal A particles. Here, we report that MOV10 suppresses influenza A virus infection through interacting with viral nucleoprotein (NP), sequestering viral RNP in the cytoplasm and causing the degradation of viral vRNA. The antiviral activity of MOV10 depends on the integrity of P-bodies. We also found that the antiviral activity of MOV10 is partially countered by viral NS1 protein that interferes with the interaction of MOV10 with viral NP and causes MOV10 degradation through the lysosomal pathway. Moreover, NS1-defective influenza A virus is more susceptible to MOV10 restriction. Our data not only expand the antiviral spectrum of MOV10 but also reveal the NS1 protein as the first viral antagonist of MOV10.
Association of the gene polymorphisms of BMPR2, ACVRL1, SMAD9 and their interactions with the risk of essential hypertension in the Chinese Han population
Authors: Chen Yunpeng , Ye Chenxi , Chen Jingwen , Lin Dongming , Wang Hao , Wang Shen 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Objective: Genetic factors are involved in the occurrence, development, and progression of essential hypertension (EH). To study the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the rs6435156 and rs1048829 loci of the bone morphogenetic protein receptor type 2 (BMPR2) gene, the rs121909287 and rs121909284 loci of the activin receptor-like kinase 1 (ACVRL1) gene, and the rs397514716 and rs121918359 loci of the mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 9 (SMAD9) gene with the risk of EH in the Chinese Han population. Materials and methods: A total of 460 EH patients and 460 healthy controls were recruited for the study. Genomic DNA of white blood cells was extracted, and the genotypes were analyzed by Sanger sequencing after polymerase chain reaction amplification. Multi-factor dimensionality reduction (MDR) was used to analyze the effect of gene–environment interactions on EH risk. Results: The risk of EH increased in the BMPR2 gene rs6435156 locus dominant model (adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 1.572, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.385–1.765, P&lt;0.001) and recessive model (adjusted OR = 1.926, 95% CI: 1.693–2.067, P&lt;0.001). The risk of EH increased in the rs1048829 recessive model (adjusted OR = 1.444, 95% CI: 1.142–1.696, P=0.003). The risk of EH increased in the recessive model of the ACVRL1 gene rs121909287 locus (adjusted OR = 1.403, 95% CI: 1.101–1.660, P=0.008). The risk of EH increased in the SMAD9 gene rs397514716 locus dominant model (adjusted OR = 1.370, 95% CI: 1.183–1.559, P&lt;0.001) and recessive model (adjusted OR = 1.803, 95% CI: 1.470–1.983, P&lt;0.001). The CG haplotype of the rs6435156 and rs1048829 loci of the BMPR2 gene, the CC haplotype of the ACVRL1 gene rs121909287 and rs121909284 loci, and the CC haplotype of the rs397514716 and rs121918359 loci of the SMAD9 gene were factors that protect against EH, whereas the TT haplotype of the rs6435156 and rs1048829 loci in the BMPR2 gene was a risk factor for EH. MDR analysis showed that the BMPR2 gene rs6435156 locus TT genotype carriers, the SMAD9 gene rs397514716 locus TT genotype carriers, and alcohol drinkers had the highest EH risk (OR = 4.523, 95% CI: 2.235–6.871, P&lt;0.001). Conclusion: The SNPs of the rs6435156 and rs1048829 locus in the BMPR2 gene, the rs121909287 loci in the ACVRL1 gene, and the rs397514716 locus in the SMAD9 gene were associated with a risk of EH in Han Chinese.
Down-regulation of microRNA-34a-5p promotes trophoblast cell migration and invasion via targetting Smad4
Authors: Xue Fang , Yang Jing , Li Qirong , Zhou Haibin 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Trophoblastic dysfunction, such as insufficient migration and invasion, is well-known to be correlated with preeclampsia (PE). Recently, microRNAs (miRNAs) have been implicated in diverse biological processes and human diseases, including PE. However, the expression and functions of miRNAs in the progression of PE, especially in the regulation of trophoblast cell migration and invasion remain largely unclear. Here, we compared the miRNAs expression profiles of PE patients with healthy controls using microarray assay and chose a significant increased miRNA-miR-34a-5p for further investigation. Overexpression of miR-34a-5p dramatically reduced migration and invasion in trophoblast HTR-8/SVneo cells, whereas enhanced by its inhibitor. Luciferase activity assay showed that miR-34a-5p directly target Smad family member 4 (Smad4), which is associated with cancer cell invasiveness and metastasis. We also found that Smad4 was down-regulated in PE patients, and an inverse relationship between Smad4 and miR-34a-5p expression levels was observed in placental tissues from PE patients. Further study showed that knockdown of Smad4 effectively attenuated the promoting effects of miR-34a-5p inhibition on the migration and invasion of HTR-8/SVneo cells. Taken together, these findings suggest that inhibition of miR-34a-5p improves invasion and migration of trophoblast cells by directly targetting Smad4, which indicated the potential of miR-34a-5p as a therapeutic target against PE.
Association of matrix Gla protein polymorphism and knee osteoarthritis in a chinese population
Authors: Hui Wenpeng , Cao Zhong , Wang Xiao , Zhu Junfeng 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Several studies have explored the association between matrix Gla protein (MGP) gene polymorphism and knee osteoarthritis (OA) risk; however, they obtained conflicting findings. The present study aims to explore the association of MGP gene polymorphism and OA risk in a Chinese Han population. A total of 256 patients with radiographic knee OA and 327 control subjects were recruited in this case–control study. The genotypes of MGP gene rs1800802 polymorphism was determined by standard PCR and restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RLFP). In this case–control study, we observed that MGP gene rs1800802 polymorphism increased the risk of knee OA. Subgroup analyses also found that rs1800802 polymorphism was related to the elevated risk for knee OA among the female, smoker, drinker, and body mass index (BMI) ≥25 kg/m2 groups. In conclusion, this study shows that MGP gene rs1800802 polymorphism is associated with increased risk for knee OA in Chinese Han population and the rs1800802 polymorphism may be a diagnostic marker of radiographic knee OA.
Sodium 4-phenylbutyrate treatment protects against renal injury in NZBWF1 mice
Authors: Bonnemaison Mathilde L. , Marks-Nelson Eileen S. , Boesen Erika I. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractSystemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease predominantly affecting women and often leading to lupus nephritis and kidney damage. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress has been implicated in several forms of kidney disease, but whether ER stress contributes to renal injury in SLE is unknown. To investigate this, a small molecule chaperone, sodium 4-phenylbutyrate (4-PBA), was administered to the New Zealand Black x New Zealand White F1 hybrid (NZBWF1) mouse model of SLE. In a prevention study, treatment with 4-PBA from 20 weeks of age (prior to the development of renal injury) delayed the onset of albuminuria and significantly reduced additional indices of renal injury compared with vehicle-treated NZBWF1 mice at 36 weeks of age, including collagen deposition, tubular casts, renal cell apoptosis, and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) concentration. To test whether ER stress contributes to the progression of renal injury once albuminuria has developed, mice were monitored for the onset of albuminuria (3+ or ≥300 mg/dl by dipstick measurement of 24-h urine sample) and once established, were either killed (onset group), or underwent 4-PBA or vehicle treatment for 4 weeks. Treatment with 4-PBA blocked the worsening of glomerular injury, reduced the number of dilated or cast-filled tubules, and reduced the number of apoptotic cells compared with vehicle-treated mice. BUN and left ventricle to bodyweight ratio (LV:BW) were also reduced by 4-PBA treatment. Renal expression of the endogenous chaperones, protein disulphide isomerase (PDI), and 78 kDa glucose-regulated protein (GRP78, also known as binding Ig protein (BiP)), were increased in 4-PBA-treated mice. Together, these results suggest a therapeutic potential for agents like 4-PBA in combating renal injury in SLE.
Everyday Language Difficulties in Parkinson's Disease: Caregiver Description and Relationship With Cognition, Activities of Daily Living, and Motor Disability
Authors: Wolff Logan , Benge Jared 
Published: January 2019

Purpose
Parkinson's disease (PD) impacts language in multiple ways, though important questions remain. The current article explores 2 main issues: what type of everyday language difficulties (ELDs) are noted by care partners and how do ELDs relate to cognition, daily activities, and motor disability in PD.

Method
Care partner reports of ELD were collected in 42 community-dwelling individuals with PD. Descriptive information of ELD was tallied, and the relationship of cognitive decline, activities of daily living (ADLs), and motor disability with ELD was evaluated.

Results

Forty-two percent of patients were described by care partners as having at least 1 consistent ELD, and the frequency of ELD increased in the presence of dementia, χ
2
(2) = 14.37,
p
= .0008. The most commonly described ELDs by caregivers were related to comprehension of instructions and deriving the point of conversations. ELD was correlated with worse cognition (
r
s
= −.524,
p
< .001), increased difficulty with daily activities (
r
s
= .634,
p
< .001), and increased motor dysfunction (
r
s
= .554,
p
< .001). Mild ADL decline (Functional Assessment Questionnaire score of 4); an area under the curve of .81 (
SE
= .07) was highly specific to the presence of ELD (95.4%).

Conclusions
Care partners note a variety of ELDs in patients with PD, most commonly comprehension difficulties. These difficulties increase with overall cognitive decline but are described in 30%–40% of those without significant cognitive deficits. ADL difficulties correlate with functional, motoric, and cognitive status, with even mild functional declines predictive of the presence of ELD. Implications for research and practice in this population are discussed.