bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quantifying relations between surface runoff and aridity after wildfire
Authors: Van der Sant René E. , Nyman Petter , Noske Philip J. , Langhans Christoph , Lane Patrick N.J. , Sheridan Gary J. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractPost‐wildfire runoff and erosion are major concerns in fire‐prone landscapes around the world, but these hydro‐geomorphic responses have been found to be highly variable and difficult to predict. Some variations have been observed to be associated with landscape aridity, which in turn can influence soil hydraulic properties. However, to date there has been no attempt to systematically evaluate the apparent relations between aridity and post‐wildfire runoff. In this study, five sites in a wildfire burnt area were instrumented with rainfall‐runoff plots across an aridity index (AI) gradient. Surface runoff and effective rainfall were measured over 10 months to allow investigation of short‐ (peak runoff) and longer‐term (runoff ratio) runoff characteristics over the recovery period. The results show a systematic and strong relation between aridity and post‐wildfire runoff. The average runoff ratio at the driest AI site (33.6%) was two orders of magnitude higher than at the wettest AI site (0.3%). Peak runoff also increased with AI, with up to a thousand‐fold difference observed during one event between the driest and wettest sites. The relation between AI, peak 15‐min runoff (Q15) and peak 15‐min rainfall intensity (I15) (both in mm h‐1) could be quantified by the equation: Q15 = 0.1086I15 × AI 2.691 (0.65<AI<1.80, 0<I15<45) (adjusted r2 = 0.84). The runoff ratios remained higher at drier AI sites (AI 1.24 and 1.80) throughout the monitoring period, suggesting higher AI also lengthens the window of disturbance after wildfire. The strong quantifiable link which this study has determined between AI and post‐wildfire surface runoff could greatly improve our capacity to predict the magnitude and location of hydro‐geomorphic processes such as flash floods and debris flows following wildfire, and may help explain aridity‐related patterns of soil properties in complex upland landscapes. Copyright © 2018 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Green tea extract and black tea extract differentially influence cecal levels of short‐chain fatty acids in rats
Authors: Unno Tomonori , Osakabe Naomi 
Published: March 2018

AbstractIncreasing evidence indicates that gut microbiota plays a critical role to maintain the host's health. The biological function of microbially produced short‐chain fatty acids (SCFA) becomes the focus of attention. This study aimed to compare the effects of green tea extract (GTE) and black tea extract (BTE) on cecal levels of SCFA in rats. Rats consumed an assigned diet of either a control diet, a GTE diet (10 g/kg), or a BTE diet (10 g/kg), for 3 weeks. The dietary addition of GTE significantly reduced the concentrations of acetate and butyrate in cecal digesta compared to the control, but BTE showed an increased trend for a cecal pool. In the GTE group, a significant amount of undigested starch was excreted in feces, but BTE produced no effect. Interestingly, feces of rats fed the BTE diet contained higher bacterial 16S rRNA gene copy numbers for total eubacteria compared to the control diet. Taken together, treatments of the diets with GTE and BTE brought about a different degree of producing SCFA in rat cecum. BTE might advantageously stimulate more SCFA production than GTE by facilitating bacterial utilization of starch.
Detailed analysis of inflammatory cell infiltration and the prognostic impact on nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Lu Juan , Chen Xiao‐Mei , Huang Hao‐Ran , Zhao Fei‐Peng , Wang Fan , Liu Xiong , Li Xiang‐Ping 
Published: March 2018

AbstractBackgroundOne of the most striking characteristics of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is the presence of a very abundant immune cells infiltrate containing mainly T‐lymphocytes. The purpose of this study was to present our analysis providing a comprehensive characterization of antitumor inflammatory response in NPC.MethodsThe densities of 9 types of inflammatory cells were assessed in 197 patients with NPC, including CD3 + T‐lymphocytes, CD8 + cytotoxic T‐lymphocytes, CD20 + B‐lymphocytes, CD56 + natural killer (NK) cells, FOXP3 + regulatory T‐lymphocytes, CD1a + immature dendritic cells, CD83 + mature dendritic cells, neutrophil elastase + neutrophils, and tryptase + mast cells. We characterized the inflammatory infiltrate in relation to clinical stage and patient survival. The expression of programmed death‐1 (PD‐1) on tumor‐infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) was also detected. The correlations between PD‐1 expression and clinical characteristics and posttreatment outcome were analyzed.ResultsThe patients with NPC with a low density of tumor‐infiltrating FOXP3+, CD8 + T‐lymphocytes, neutrophils, and mast cells showed a significantly longer overall survival (OS) and progression‐free survival (PFS). However, patients with a high density of NK cells showed a better OS and PFS. The densities of NK cells and mast cells could be served as biomarkers for predicting recurrence or distant metastasis in patients with NPC. Moreover, PD‐1 positivity predicted poor prognosis in patients with NPC.ConclusionThe densities of inflammatory cells are correlated with the prognosis of patients with NPC.
Cooking for One or Two: Applying Participatory Action Research to improve community‐dwelling older adults’ health and well‐being
Authors: Chojenta Catherine , Mingay Edwina , Gresham Ellie , Byles Julie 
Published: March 2018

AbstractIssue addressedThis paper describes the process of the redevelopment and expansion of Cooking for One or Two, a community‐based nutrition education program for older adults.MethodsThis project took place in a large regional city in NSW Australia from September 2011 to September 2013. Previous Cooking for One or Two participants and Hunter Medical Research Institute Research Register members were recruited for focus groups (n = 37), recipe testing (n = 19) and telephone interviews (n = 55) to aid in the development and expansion of the program.ResultsParticipant's experiences and preferences informed the development of a supplementary cookbook and add‐on education modules. Through a variety of methods, the research team sought ongoing feedback on the content and direction of the program. Content experts also reviewed the health promotion information for appropriateness.ConclusionsUtilising the Participatory Action Research process resulted in an expanded set of materials for Cooking for One or Two that can enable older people to engage in peer‐to‐peer education and to take care of their nutritional and social health. The process is a valuable example of the success of ongoing collaboration between researchers and program developers with the target population.So what?While the research team developed evidence‐based content for the expanded program, the key to success was the continued engagement with the target population. This engagement fostered a sense of ownership over the program by participants and has led to continued support by the target population.
Simultaneous identification of three pseudoallergic components in Danshen injection by using high‐expression Mas‐related G protein coupled receptor X2 cell membrane chromatography coupled online to HPLC–ESI‐MS/MS
Authors: Lin Yuanyuan , Wang Cheng , Hou Yajing , Sun Wei , Che Delu , Yang Liu , Zhang Tao , Sun Meng , He Huaizhen , He Langchong 
Published: March 2018

AbstractAdverse drug reactions of Danshen injection mainly manifested as pseudoallergic reactions. In the present study, salvianolic acid A and a pair of geometric isomers (isosalvianolic acid C and salvianolic acid C) were identified as pseudoallergic components in Danshen injection by a high‐expression Mas‐related G protein coupled receptor X2 cell membrane chromatography coupled online with high‐performance liquid chromatography with electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. Their pseudoallergic activities were evaluated by in vitro assay, which were consistent with the retention times on the cell membrane chromatography column. Salvianolic acid C, the most outstanding compound, was further found to induce pseudoallergic reaction through Mas‐related G protein coupled receptor X2. All the results above indicated that the system developed in this study is an effective method for simultaneously analyzing pseudoallergic components, even those with similar structures and the microcomponents in complex samples (salvianolic acid C in Danshen injection).
Temperature‐controlled liquid–liquid microextraction combined with high‐performance liquid chromatography for the simultaneous determination of diazinon and fenitrothion in water and fruit juice samples
Authors: Bazmandegan‐Shamili Alireza , Dadfarnia Shayessteh , Shabani Ali Mohammad Haji , Moghadam Masoud Rohani , Saeidi Mahboubeh 
Published: March 2018

AbstractA simple, environmentally benign, and rapid method based on temperature‐controlled liquid–liquid microextraction using a deep eutectic solvent was developed for the simultaneous extraction/preconcentration of diazinon and fenitrothion. The method involved the addition of deep eutectic solvent to the aqueous sample followed by heating the mixture in a 75°C water bath until the solvent was completely dissolved in the aqueous phase. Then, the resultant solution was cooled in an ice bath and a cloudy solution was formed. Afterward, the mixture was centrifuged and the enriched deep eutectic solvent phase was analyzed by high‐performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection for quantification of the analytes. The factors affecting the extraction efficiency were optimized. Under the optimized extraction conditions, the limits of detection for diazinon and fenitrothion were 0.3 and 0.15 μg/L, respectively. The calibration curves for diazinon and fenitrothion exhibited linearity in the concentration range of 1–100 and 0.5–100 μg/L, respectively. The relative standard deviations for five replicate measurements at 10.0 μg/L level of analytes were less than 2.8 and 4.5% for intra‐ and interday assays, respectively. The developed method was successfully applied to the determination of diazinon and fenitrothion in water and fruit juice samples.
Sutureless approach with vein grafts and mesenchymal stem cells in primary nerve repair: Functional and immunohistological results
Authors: Eren Ali , Atalar Hakan , Seymen Cemile Merve , Alpaslan Pınarlı Ferda , Take Kaplanoglu Gulnur , Turanlı Sacit 
Published: March 2018

AbstractPurposeThe aim of this study was to define a sutureless peripheral nerve repair technique with a vein graft and bone marrow‐derived stem cells (BMSC) and compare it to epineural repair.Materials and methodsThirty Wistar Albino rats were divided into five groups evenly. In the control group (C), epineural repair was performed. In the SV (suture + vein) and MSV (BMSC + suture + vein) groups, epineural repair was wrapped with a vein graft. In the V (vein) and MV (vein + BMSC) groups, sutureless repair using a vein graft was performed by taking sutures away from the regeneration site. Rats were evaluated with pinprick, toe spread tests and sciatic nerve index (SFI) at 4th, 8th, and 12th weeks. They were sacrificed at 12th week, repair sites were harvested and evaluated immunohistochemically.ResultsThere was no difference in pinprick and toe spread tests between the groups at 12th week. The mean SFI was −76.5 ± 3.7, −65.2 ± 11.7, −46.2 ± 19.4, −68.8 ± 9.8, −56 ± 8.8 in the C, SV, MSV, V, MV groups, respectively. The MSV group showed significantly the best SFI results (P < .05). NF‐H immunostaining scores were as C; 1 ± 0.18, SV; 2.5 ± 0.36, MSV; 4 ± 0.49, V; 1.56 ± 0.54, MV; 3 ± 0.39, whereas GAP‐43 scores were as C; 1 ± 0.31, SV; 2.66 ± 0.56, MSV; 4.50 ± 0.23, V; 2 ± 0.23, MV; 3 ± 0.6. The best nerve regeneration according to immunostaining results was observed in the MSV group (P < .05). The mean fibrosis area was 221.5 ± 25.9, 101.6 ± 7.1, 121.3 ± 18.8, 150.3 ± 12.1, 152.4 ± 11.8 μm2 in the above groups, respectively. SV and MSV groups showed the significantly less fibrosis area (P < .05).ConclusionEpineural suture repair combined with vein wrapping and BMSCs (MSV) showed the best SFI, GAP‐43, and NF‐H immunostaining results.
Cartilage cavity—an MRI marker of cartilage lesions in knee OA with Data from CCBR, OAI, and PROOF
Authors: Dam Erik B. , Runhaar Jos , Bierma‐Zienstra Sita , Karsdal Morten 
Published: March 2018

PurposeWe introduce the quantitative, continuous marker cartilage cavity that quantifies cartilage lesions by the total lesion volume. The aim was to quantify small lesions as well as large, full‐depth lesions.MethodsWe included 315 knees from the Center for Clinical and Basic Research (CCBR), 972 knees from the Osteoarthritis Initiative (OAI), and 791 knees from the Prevention of OA in Overweight Females (PROOF) cohorts. In a subset, we digitally inserted artificial lesions. Each knee MRI was segmented using the knee imaging quantification (KIQ) framework. We quantified cartilage mean thickness and cavity from high‐resolution cartilage thickness maps. Finally, we quantified lesion volume by the gradient peak method (GPM).ResultsScan–rescan precision for cartilage cavity was 7.1%/3.0%. The cartilage cavity accuracy on the artificial lesions was determined as linear correlation at 0.88 with an average 8% under‐estimation of lesion volume. Cavity and degree of radiographic osteoarthritis (ROA) correlated for all compartments (Spearman's rho between 0.14–0.56, P < 0.001). Cavity had modest correlations to whole‐organ magnetic resonance imaging score (WORMS) cartilage lesion scores but strong correlations with Boston‐Leeds osteoarthritis knee score (BLOKS)/MRI osteoarthritis knee score (MOAKS) scores in most compartments (rho between 0.08–0.65, P < 0.001). Cavity correlated with WOMAC pain for all tibio‐femoral compartments in OAI (rho between 0.19–0.25, P < 0.001) and most compartments in PROOF. Comparing with the GPM estimate, cavity was more precise, more accurate, and correlated stronger with ROA, lesion scores, and pain levels.ConclusionThe strong correlations with ROA, radiologist lesion scores, and pain demonstrated that cavity captured OA and lesion features. Thereby, it may be appropriate for quantification of cartilage surface irregularity.
Lower bound limit analysis of an anisotropic undrained strength criterion using second‐order cone programming
Authors: Ukritchon Boonchai , Keawsawasvong Suraparb 
Published: March 2018

SummaryIn this paper, the formulation of the lower bound limit analysis of an anisotropic undrained strength criterion using second‐order cone programming is described. The finite element concept was used to discretize the soil mass into 3‐noded triangular elements. The stress field was modeled using a linear interpolation within the elements while stress discontinuities were permitted to occur at the shared edges of adjacent elements. An elliptical yield criterion was adopted to model the anisotropic undrained strength of the clay. A statically admissible stress field was defined by enforcing the equilibrium equations within all triangular elements and along all shared edges of adjacent elements, stress boundary conditions, and no stress violation of the anisotropic strength envelope cast in the form of a conic quadratic constraint. The lower bound solution of the proposed formulation was solved by second‐order cone programming. The proposed formulation of the anisotropic undrained strength criterion was validated through comparison of the model's predictions with the known exact solutions of strip footings, and was applied to solve undrained stability of a shallow unlined square tunnel. Computational performance between the proposed approach of second‐order cone programming and linear programming was examined and discussed.
Psychometric evaluation of the nursing child assessment teaching (NCAT) scale in a community‐based sample
Authors: Ransone Samantha H. , Graff J. Carolyn , Bush Andrew J. , Oxford Monica , Wicks Mona N. 
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACTThe effect of the mother‐child relationship on long‐term child development has received research attention for decades. Because the quality and quantity of mother‐infant interactions have been established as important predictors of the child's development, early identification of areas in the relationship requiring support and intervention is essential for promoting positive child outcomes. The Nursing Child Assessment Teaching Scale (NCAT) is an instrument long used to quantify the quality of interaction in the mother‐child relationship during the first 36 months of a child's life. While the NCAT has been shown to be a reliable and valid instrument, limited evidence exists of the theoretical congruence between the Barnard Model it is based on and the NCAT scale. The psychometric properties of the NCAT scale and subscales were examined using item response theory in relation to characteristics of interactions in the Barnard Model using data collected during a clinic visit at 12 months of infant age in a sample of mothers and children (N = 1,121 dyads) from a community‐based sample in Shelby County, TN. In this secondary analysis, descriptive statistics, reliabilities, and factor loadings for the NCAT were obtained using confirmatory factor analysis and augmented to form multiple indicators, multiple causes models, linking demographic predictors of the mothers and children to the NCAT subscales. Results supported scale abbreviation and theoretical congruence with the Barnard Model, which may provide researchers and practitioners with a more concise, reliable way of measuring maternal‐child interaction in community settings.
Precious GEMMs: emergence of faithful models for ovarian cancer research
Authors: Stuckelberger Sarah , Drapkin Ronny 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe development of Genetically Engineered Mouse Models (GEMMs) has catalyzed tremendous progress in cancer research. However, it has been difficult to design adequate mouse models for high‐grade serous carcinoma (HGSC), the most common and lethal form of ovarian cancer. The genetic complexity of the disease, as well as the recent appreciation that most HGSCs arise from the fallopian tube (FT) secretory epithelium rather than the ovarian surface epithelium, has stifled the development of robust GEMMs. In a recent issue of this journal, Zhai et al presented an elegant mouse model for ovarian cancer that uses Ovgp1 as an FT‐specific promoter to inactivate Brca1, Trp53, Rb1, Nf1, and Pten. The authors showed that loss of these genes in the mouse FT epithelium can mimic the different stages of human HGSC tumorigenesis. Their robust model emphasizes the importance of considering both the cell of origin and tumor genetics in developing accurate model systems. They provide a useful tool for studying mechanisms of disease in vivo and for research into novel methods of prevention, early detection, and treatment of HGSC. Copyright © 2018 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Proton pump inhibitor use and the risk of fractures among an older adult cohort
Authors: Harding Barbara N. , Weiss Noel S. , Walker Rod L. , Larson Eric B. , Dublin Sascha 
Published: March 2018

AbstractPurposeThe purpose of the study is to determine if the use of a proton pump inhibitor (PPI) is associated with an increased fracture risk, as some prior studies have suggested.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study included data on 4438 participants aged 65 and older who had no fracture in the year prior to baseline and had ≥5 years of enrollment history in Kaiser Permanente Washington, an integrated healthcare delivery system in Seattle, WA, during 1994 to 2014. Time‐varying cumulative exposure to PPIs was determined from automated pharmacy data by summing standard daily doses (SDDs) across fills, and patients were categorized as no use (reference group, ≤30 SDD), light use (31‐540 SDD), moderate use (541‐1080 SDD), and heavy use (≥1081 SDD). Incident fractures were assessed using International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision codes from electronic medical records. Potential confounders, chosen a priori, were assessed at baseline and at each 2‐year follow‐up visit. Fracture risk was analyzed using a Cox proportional hazards model.ResultsOver a mean follow‐up of 6.1 years, 802 (18.1%) participants experienced a fracture. No overall association was found between PPI use and fracture risk. Adjusted hazard ratios comparing users to the referent category were 1.08 (95% CI 0.83‐1.40) for light users, 1.31 (95% CI 0.86‐1.95) for moderate users, and 0.95 (95% CI 0.68‐1.34) for heavy users. Among patients with SSD > 30, no appreciable increase in fracture risk was present in persons with recent versus distant use (adjusted hazard ratio of 1.14 [95% CI 0.91‐1.42]).ConclusionsNo association was observed between PPI use and fracture risk among older adults.
Icodextrin reduces the risk of congestive heart failure in peritoneal dialysis patients
Authors: Wang I‐Kuan , Lin Cheng‐Li , Yen Tzung‐Hai , Lin Shih‐Yi , Yao‐Lung Liu , Sung Fung‐Chang 
Published: March 2018

AbstractPurposeIcodextrin can enhance ultrafiltration and consequently improve fluid balance and can control blood pressure and reduce left ventricular mass for peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients. This study investigated whether icodextrin use could reduce the risk of congestive heart failure (CHF) for PD patients.MethodsFrom the Taiwan National Health Insurance database, we identified 5462 newly diagnosed end‐stage renal disease patients undergoing PD from 2005 to 2010. Incidence rates and hazard ratio of CHF were estimated for patients with and without icodextrin treatment by the end of 2011.ResultsAmong PD patients, icodextrin users had an overall 26% lower incidence of CHF than non‐users (13.7 vs 18.6 per 1000 person‐years). Relatively, the adjusted hazard ratio was 0.67 (95% CI = 0.52–0.87) for users compared with non‐users. Among PD patients with diabetes, the incident CHF in icodextrin users was 37.5% lower than that in non‐users (17.8 vs 28.5 per 1000 person‐years). Among PD patients without diabetes, the incident CHF in icodextrin users was 30.4% lower than that in non‐users (11.0 vs 15.8 per 1000 person‐years).ConclusionsIcodextrin solution could reduce the risk of new‐onset CHF, particularly effective when diabetic PD patients use it.
Preparation of poly(ether‐block‐amide)/poly(amide‐co‐poly(propylene glycol)) random copolymer blend membranes for CO2/N2 separation
Authors: Zhu Tengyang , Yang Xing , Zheng Yayun , He Xiaoqi , Chen Feifei , Luo Jujie 
Published: March 2018

A series of poly(amide‐co‐poly(propylene glycol)) (PA‐PPG) random copolymers with different content of PPG were designed by polycondensation reaction. These random copolymers were blended up to 60% with commercially available Pebax 2533. The blend membranes were characterized by Fourier‐transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM). Gas permeation properties of these blend membranes were investigated using five single‐gases (CO2, H2, O2, CH4, and N2) at different temperature of 25–55°C and 1.0 atm. The impacts of content of PA‐PPG with different PPG content and operating temperature on CO2 separation properties of Pebax/PA‐PPG blend membranes were studied. The results showed that CO2 permeability gradually increased with the increasing operating temperature, whereas CO2 permeability gradually decreased with the increase in content of PA‐PPG. CO2/N2 selectivity gradually increased with the increase in content of PA‐PPG. In particular, Pebax/PA‐PPG (50)–60% displayed excellent CO2 and O2 separation properties (PCO2 = 79.7 Barrer and PO2 = 13.6 Barrer, CO2/N2 = 34.7 and O2/N2 = 5.9) at 25°C and 1.0 atm. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 59:E14–E23, 2019. © 2018 Society of Plastics Engineers