bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bisphenol A decreases the spontaneous contractions of rat uterus in vitro through a nitrergic mechanism
Authors: Gupta Hemlata , Deshpande Shripad B. 
Published: May 2018

Abstract

Background:
Bisphenol A (BPA), a chemical used in the manufacture of plastics, has toxic effects on various systems of the human body including the reproductive system. BPA possesses estrogenic activity and is implicated in altering oogenesis, ovulation, and fertility. In addition to ovulatory changes, uterine contractility is an important factor for fertility. However, the effects of BPA on myometrial contractions are not known. Therefore, we examined the effect of BPA on rat uterine contractions.

Methods:
The uterus was isolated from adult rats showing estrous phase, and spontaneous in vitro contractions were recorded (35±1 °C). The effect of cumulative concentrations of BPA was determined. Further, the involvement of nitric oxide (NO) and guanylyl cyclase (GC) for the BPA-induced changes on uterine contractility was evaluated using the NO synthase inhibitor (L-NAME) or GC inhibitor (methylene blue).

Results:
BPA decreased the amplitude and frequency of spontaneous uterine contractions in a concentration-dependent manner. A decrease of 50% occurred at 1 and 3 μM for amplitude and frequency, respectively. L-NAME (N-ω-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester) blocked the BPA-induced decrease in amplitude at all concentrations but antagonized the frequency only at the maximum concentration (10 μM). Methylene blue (a GC inhibitor) did not block the BPA-induced responses but for the frequency at 10 μM of BPA.

Conclusions:
The results indicate that BPA decreased the amplitude and frequency of spontaneous uterine contractions by involving the nitrergic mechanism; however, the GC mechanism is not involved in the depression.
Comparison of Evolution of Pop-Out Damage by Mixed in Burnt Lime Nodules in Precast Concrete in Outside and Inside Exposure Conditions
Authors: Van Gemert Dionys A. , Taerwe Luc R. , Verreydt Kristof P. 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
In 2010 burnt lime blocks were accidentally mixed with limestone concrete aggregates at a Belgian limestone and lime production plant. The contaminated limestone aggregates were used in precast concrete factories. The concrete elements used in several constructions quickly showed pop-outs, caused by swelling of lime nodules. The appearance of pop-outs in suspected constructions was recorded. An extensive experimental program as well as on site observations have been made, to monitor the evolution of the pop-out phenomenon with time. The pop-out evolution in outside exposure conditions is compared to the evolution of pop-outs under inside climatic conditions. Outside, the phenomenon becomes marginal after about 2 years. In inside exposure conditions, the phenomenon still continues after 7 years, be it at a low rate.
Behaviour of Pigeon Excreta on Masonry Surfaces
Authors: Spennemann Dirk HR , Pike Melissa , Watson Maggie J 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Pigeon droppings are implicated in spoiling and decay of buildings. Several studies have examined the effects and chemistry of accumulations of pigeon droppings under highly localised pigeon roosts. Scant information exists on the impact caused by individual pigeon droppings at perch sites, even though these constitute the majority of bird use in urban areas. This study experimentally examined the processes that affect masonry immediately after pigeon excreta have been voided from the body and what effects discrete, fresh pigeon droppings have on different kinds of sandstone. The experiments demonstrated the susceptibility of freshly deposited excreta to environmental conditions (relative humidity and precipitation). In real-life situations, with pigeon excreta deposited on window ledges, cornices and parapets, the majority of damage would occur within the first two weeks of deposition. After that, the majority of individual droppings would have either dissolved or desiccated to such a degree that they would have rolled off. Much of the observed staining is superficial. While individual bird droppings make a building look dirty, even for months at a time, the effect on the building material is not substantial unless other factors come into play such as colonisation of the excreta by mould or leaching of salts from the excreta.
Right ventricular dysfunction and pulmonary hypertension: a neglected presentation of thyrotoxicosis
Authors: Singarayar Carolina Shalini , Siew Hui Foo , Cheong Nicholas , Swee En Goay 
Published: May 2018

Summary
Thyrotoxicosis is associated with cardiac dysfunction; more commonly, left ventricular dysfunction. However, in recent years, there have been more cases reported on right ventricular dysfunction, often associated with pulmonary hypertension in patients with thyrotoxicosis. Three cases of thyrotoxicosis associated with right ventricular dysfunction were presented. A total of 25 other cases of thyrotoxicosis associated with right ventricular dysfunction published from 1994 to 2017 were reviewed along with the present 3 cases. The mean age was 45 years. Most (82%) of the cases were newly diagnosed thyrotoxicosis. There was a preponderance of female gender (71%) and Graves’ disease (86%) as the underlying aetiology. Common presenting features included dyspnoea, fatigue and ankle oedema. Atrial fibrillation was reported in 50% of the cases. The echocardiography for almost all cases revealed dilated right atrial and or ventricular chambers with elevated pulmonary artery pressure. The abnormal echocardiographic parameters were resolved in most cases after rendering the patients euthyroid. Right ventricular dysfunction and pulmonary hypertension are not well-recognized complications of thyrotoxicosis. They are life-threatening conditions that can be reversed with early recognition and treatment of thyrotoxicosis. Signs and symptoms of right ventricular dysfunction should be sought in all patients with newly diagnosed thyrotoxicosis, and prompt restoration of euthyroidism is warranted in affected patients before the development of overt right heart failure.

Learning points:

Thyrotoxicosis is associated with right ventricular dysfunction and pulmonary hypertension apart from left ventricular dysfunction described in typical thyrotoxic cardiomyopathy.

Symptoms and signs of right ventricular dysfunction and pulmonary hypertension should be sought in all patients with newly diagnosed thyrotoxicosis.

Thyrotoxicosis should be considered in all cases of right ventricular dysfunction or pulmonary hypertension not readily explained by other causes.

Prompt restoration of euthyroidism is warranted in patients with thyrotoxicosis complicated by right ventricular dysfunction with or without pulmonary hypertension to allow timely resolution of the abnormal cardiac parameters before development of overt right heart failure.
Distant lung metastases caused by a histologically benign phosphaturic mesenchymal tumor
Authors: Yavropoulou Maria P , Poulios Christos , Foroulis Christoforos , Tournis Symeon , Hytiroglou Prodromos , Kotsa Kalliopi , Kessisoglou Isaak , Zebekakis Pantelis 
Published: May 2018

Summary
Tumor-induced osteomalacia (TIO) is a rare form of hypophosphatemia usually caused by phosphaturic mesenchymal tumors (PMTs); the biologic behavior of PMTs is under investigation. Herein we present a case of TIO with a protracted course over 12 years leading to a fatal outcome. A 39-year-old man presented with weakness in 2004 and was found to have decreased serum phosphorus, phosphaturia and low levels of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3. Four years later he developed a painful left calf mass. The lesion was resected, but recurred causing extreme pain and dysfunction. Radiological examination showed a large cluster of soft tissue tumors affecting all the muscle compartments of the calf and a smaller lesion inside the metaphysis of the tibia. Above-knee amputation was performed. Histological examination of all lesions showed a cellular spindle cell neoplasm with variously sized vessels, wide vessel-like spaces and scattered deposits of calcified extracellular material. The tumor infiltrated skeletal muscles, subcutaneous fat and the proximal end of the fibula. The tibial lesion had identical histology. Three years after the amputation the patient presented with cough and dyspnea. Radiological examination, followed by an open biopsy, showed that there were multiple metastatic nodules of PMTs in both lungs. Shortly after the diagnosis the patient died. This case illustrates that even benign cases of PMTs may lead to a fatal outcome and the classification of PMTs into benign and malignant should be reassessed in order to correspond to its biological behavior.

Learning points:

PMTs, aside from having locally aggressive behavior, may metastasize and cause death

PMTs may behave aggressively despite ‘benign’ histological findings

Accurate diagnosis of tumor-induced osteomalacia and patient management require a multidisciplinary approach
Dynamic Copy Number Evolution of X- and Y-Linked Ampliconic Genes in Human Populations
Authors: Lucotte Elise A , Skov Laurits , Jensen Jacob Malte , Macià Moisès Coll , Munch Kasper , Schierup Mikkel H 
Published: May 2018

AbstractAmpliconic genes are multicopy genes often located on sex chromosomes and enriched for testis-expressed genes. Here, Lucotte et al. developed new bioinformatic approaches to investigate the ampliconic gene copy number and their coding...Ampliconic genes are multicopy, with the majority found on sex chromosomes and enriched for testis-expressed genes. While ampliconic genes have been associated with the emergence of hybrid incompatibilities, we know little about their copy number distribution and their turnover in human populations. Here, we explore the evolution of human X- and Y-linked ampliconic genes by investigating copy number variation (CNV) and coding variation between populations using the Simons Genome Diversity Project. We develop a method to assess CNVs using the read depth on modified X and Y chromosome targets containing only one repetition of each ampliconic gene. Our results reveal extensive standing variation in copy number both within and between human populations for several ampliconic genes. For the Y chromosome, we can infer multiple independent amplifications and losses of these gene copies even within closely related Y haplogroups, that diversified &lt; 50,000 years ago. Moreover, X- and Y-linked ampliconic genes seem to have a faster amplification dynamic than autosomal multicopy genes. Looking at expression data from another study, we also find that X- and Y-linked ampliconic genes with extensive CNV are significantly more expressed than genes with no CNV during meiotic sex chromosome inactivation (for both X and Y) and postmeiotic sex chromosome repression (for the Y chromosome only). While we cannot rule out that the XY-linked ampliconic genes are evolving neutrally, this study gives insights into the distribution of copy number within human populations and demonstrates an extremely fast turnover in copy number of these regions.
The pattern of antibiotic resistance of pathogens isolated from urine cultures of patients referred to Yazd Central Laboratory in 2012-2013
Authors: Vakili Mahmood , Khazaei Zaher , Ayatollahi Jamshid , Khazaei Salman , Poorrahim Hamed , Goodarzi Elham , Sohrabivafa Malihe , Dehghani Seyedeh Leila , Pordanjani Sajjad Rahimi 
Published: May 2018

Introduction: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are the second leading cause of infection in communities. Determination of antibiotic resistance in common pathogenic bacteria is important to choose an effective treatment against a particular microbe. The aim of this study was to evaluate antibiotic resistance of pathogens isolated from urine cultures of patients referred to Yazd Central Laboratory (located in Yazd, Iran).
Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted on subjects who were referred to the Central Laboratory in Yazd for urine culture testing. The data was collected from all positive urine cultures. A frequency distribution table was used for descriptive statistics; Chi-square test was used to compare subgroups. Data were analyzed using Stata software version 12 (Stata Corp LP, College Station, Texas).
Results: A total of 2014 samples of positive urine cultures were obtained during 2012-2013. Of these, 1875 (88.6%) samples were from females and 229 (11.4%) samples were from males. The prevalence of infection was most common in the age group of 50 years or older, with 594 (29.5%) cases. E. coli and Klebsiella represented 68% and 10.2% of the cases, respectively; these bacterial strains were the most prevalent in patients. The strongest antibiotic resistance in patients was towards the antibiotic ampicillin. For most of the antibiotics, the antibiotic resistance was significantly greater in males compared to females (P<0.05).
Conclusion: Resistance to antibiotics in all investigated bacteria strains was common. For both sexes, the highest antibiotic resistance occurred in patients less than 50 years of age; the resistance was towards ampicillin. For the group over 50 years of age, the greatest antibiotic resistance was towards ceftizoxime. The subject of antibiotic resistance, therefore, should be studied in further detail since antibiotic resistance has great impact on health issues, such as UTIs.
Hospitalization for Suicide Ideation or Attempt: 2008–2015
Authors: Plemmons Gregory , Hall Matthew , Doupnik Stephanie , Gay James , Brown Charlotte , Browning Whitney , Casey Robert , Freundlich Katherine , Johnson David P. , Lind Carrie , Rehm Kris , Thomas Susan , Williams Derek 
Published: May 2018

OBJECTIVES:
Suicide ideation (SI) and suicide attempts (SAs) have been reported as increasing among US children over the last decade. We examined trends in emergency and inpatient encounters for SI and SA at US children’s hospitals from 2008 to 2015.

METHODS:
We used retrospective analysis of administrative billing data from the Pediatric Health Information System database.

RESULTS:
There were 115 856 SI and SA encounters during the study period. Annual percentage of all visits for SI and SA almost doubled, increasing from 0.66% in 2008 to 1.82% in 2015 (average annual increase 0.16 percentage points [95% confidence intervals (CIs) 0.15 to 0.17]). Significant increases were noted in all age groups but were higher in adolescents 15 to 17 years old (average annual increase 0.27 percentage points [95% CI 0.23 to 0.30]) and adolescents 12 to 14 years old (average annual increase 0.25 percentage points [95% CI 0.21 to 0.27]). Increases were noted in girls (average annual increase 0.14 percentage points [95% CI 0.13 to 0.15]) and boys (average annual increase 0.10 percentage points [95% CI 0.09 to 0.11]), but were higher for girls. Seasonal variation was also observed, with the lowest percentage of cases occurring during the summer and the highest during spring and fall.

CONCLUSIONS:
Encounters for SI and SA at US children’s hospitals increased steadily from 2008 to 2015 and accounted for an increasing percentage of all hospital encounters. Increases were noted across all age groups, with consistent seasonal patterns that persisted over the study period. The growing impact of pediatric mental health disorders has important implications for children’s hospitals and health care delivery systems.
Meta-Research on Oncology Trials: A Toolkit for Researchers with Limited Resources
Authors: Riechelmann Rachel P. , Péron Julien , Seruga Bostjan , Saad Everardo D. 
Published: May 2018

Abstract

“Meta-research” is a discipline that investigates research practices. Meta-research on clinical trials is an attempt to summarize descriptive and methodological features of published or ongoing clinical trials, including aspects of their implementation, design, analysis, reporting, and interpretation. In this type of investigation, the unit of analysis is a primary source of information about a clinical trial (e.g., published reports, study protocols, or abstracts), with meta-research being a second layer of information that summarizes what is known from various primary sources. After the formulation of the primary research question, the methodology of meta-research resembles that of other research projects, with predefined eligibility criteria, exposure variables, primary and secondary outcomes of interest, and an analysis plan. This type of study usually provides a high-level picture of the literature on a specific topic, always accompanied by a critical evaluation of the methodology and/or the quality of reporting of the studies included. Because relatively few resources are consumed to produce meta-research, these studies offer a great opportunity for clinical scientists working in settings with limited resources. In this article, we present the principles of designing and conducting meta-research and use our experience to suggest recommendations on how to perform and how to report this type of potentially very creative study.

Implications for Practice
The term meta-research pertains to a type of study in which the unit of analysis is, in most cases, the publication of a clinical trial. This type of study usually provides a high-level picture of the literature on a specific topic, always accompanied by a critical evaluation of the methodology, design, and/or the quality of reporting of the studies included. Because relatively few resources are consumed to produce meta-research, these studies offer a great opportunity for clinical scientists who work in low-income countries. This article presents the principles of designing and conducting meta-research and proposes practical recommendations on how to perform and report this type of potentially very creative study.
EDEBİYAT TARİHİNDE USÛL -EDEBÎ METİN VE İNSAN-
Authors: TAŞAN Nazım 
Published: May 2018

Eren Yavuz tarafından
yayına hazırlanan kitabın konusunu 1857-1934 tarihleri arasında yaşamış olan
ünlü Fransız edebiyatı tarihçisi Gustave Lanson’un 1909 senesinde kaleme aldığı
makale teşkil etmektedir. Makalenin Fransızca ismi “Méthodes de L’historie Littéraire”
olmakla birlikte Yusuf Şerif Kılıçel tarafından “Edebiyat Tarihinde Usûl”
şeklinde Türkçeye çevrilmiştir. Edebiyat
tarihi biliminin yöntemlerinin belirlenmeye çalışıldığı makale, Türk edebiyatı
tarihi yazıcılığını da önemli ölçüde etkilemiştir.
Construction management of petrochemical process pipeline installation
Authors: Qin Guoqiang , Ding Hongge , Liu Xiaohong , Zhang Haijun , Ma Guibao 
Published: May 2018

The petrochemical pipeline installation project is a very complicated project, each link must abide by the construction plan strictly to ensure the smooth operation of the petrochemical process pipeline and the safe operation of the pipeline.However, from the current situation, there are many problems during the installation of petrochemical process pipeline.To solve these problems effectively, we must choose a scientific and rational method, a clear management of the content, a comprehensive consideration of the problem and deal with the problem in time to improve the installation efficiency of petrochemical pipelines and promote the rapid development of petrochemical technology.
ESTUDO DA PRODUÇÃO DE LARANJA: DETECÇÃO DE CARACTERÍSTICAS REGIONAIS COM MODELOS DE SHIFT-SHARE E DERIVADA NA REGIÃO NORTE
Authors: Silva Amanda Catarine Ribeiro , Almeida Gabriela Mourão de , Lobato Whesley Thiago dos Santos , Almeida Fabiola Suany de Souza , Souza Antonio Alan Santos de , Alves Keila De Nazaré Amaral , Lima Eliane Do Socorro Ferreira , Pereira Wanderson Cunha 
Published: May 2018

RESUMO: A laranja (Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck) é uma das principais culturas de interesse para o Brasil, pois este detém grande parte da produção mundial, a região Norte tem como maior produtor o estado do Pará que é responsável por 2% da produção nacional e o principal município responsável por essa produção é Capitão Poço. Com base nisto o estudo teve por objetivo avaliar o desenvolvimento de diferentes setores ligados a produção de laranja fazendo um comparativo com a produção nacional através da análise shift-share para avaliar o desenvolvimento nos anos de 1990-2014 e em seguida foi aplicado o modelo matemático derivada com o objetivo de analisar números não comparativos com o objetivo de embasar a análise. Após todo o processo podemos inferir a instabilidade na produção de laranja e que o baixo nível tecnológico influencia diretamente na produção, pois faz com que se ocupe mais áreas e não aumenta a produção.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Citrus sinensis, economia, produção.
IINCIDÊNCIA DE PLANTAS ESPONTÂNEAS EM CULTIVARES DE PIMENTÃO, PRODUZIDAS EM DIFERENTES COBERTURAS MORTAS
Authors: Matos Junior Francisco Teixeira , Lima Anna Karoliny Oliveira , Santos Núbia De Fátima Alves dos , Melo Marcio Roberto da Silva , Sousa Vitor Quintela de , Ponce Franciely Da Silva , Borges Luciana Da Silva , Freitas Luis De Souza 
Published: May 2018

RESUMO: A utilização de cobertura morta tem se mostrado uma alternativa no cultivo de hortaliças uma vez que possibilita a redução da oscilação da temperatura do solo, evaporação de água do mesmo, perda de adubos e corretivos por lixiviação. Desta forma objetivou se avaliar a incidência das plantas espontâneas em cultivo de pimentão sob diferentes coberturas mortas. O experimento foi conduzido na Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, campus de Paragominas, na área experimental de Horticultura. O delineamento estatístico utilizado foi em esquema fatorial 3x4, sendo utilizadas três cultivares de pimentão: Ikeda, Rubi Gigante e Quadrado vermelho. As coberturas mortas utilizadas foram: palha de arroz, caroço de açái, resíduo de soja e a testemunha. As quais, foram distribuídas de maneira uniforme nas parcelas, com 5 cm de camada de cada material. Avaliou - se a incidência de plantas daninhas na produção de pimentão, utilizando se o método de levantamento do tipo quadrado inventariado, com o auxílio de moldura de madeira, com área interna de 0,50 m², colocado no centro de cada parcela. A cobertura morta com caroço de açaíapresentou melhor tendência no controle de plantas daninhas na cv. Rubi Gigante e na cv. Casca Dura Ikeda de pimentão. Enquanto que o resíduo de soja apresentou tendência a ser mais eficiente no cultivo de pimentão cv. Quadrado Vermelho.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Cobertura do solo, Hortaliça-fruto, Palha de arroz.
ARRANJOS PRODUTIVOS LOCAIS DE AGRICULTURA TEMPORÁRIA NO ESTADO DO PARÁ: UMA APLICAÇÃO DO MODELO DE ANÁLISE DE COMPONENTES PRINCIPAIS
Authors: De Carvalho Abner Vilhena , Carvalho André Cutrim , Carvalho David Ferreira , Filgueiras Gisalda Carvalho , Araújo Ana Cláudia De Sousa , Sombra Soares André Araújo 
Published: May 2018

RESUMO: O objetivo deste artigo é discutir os Arranjos Produtivos Locais de agricultura temporária no Estado do Pará, a partir da análise do processo de cluster, pois apresentam um grande potencial para formação de cadeias produtivas. O procedimento metodológico consiste no agrupamento de atividades produtivas pertencente a uma mesma classe, cujas as ações se completam na cadeia produtiva de forma horizontal ou vertical, o que torna mais robusto o modelo construído através da análise de componentes principais. A principal conclusão é que os cultivos de lavouras temporárias têm condições de constituir a base dos APL potenciais do Pará, muito embora a produção dos produtos das lavouras temporárias seja fornecida, ainda, por pequenos e médios produtores e vendidas aos intermediários ou diretamente nas redes informais de comércio da região. Portanto, há necessidade de constituir uma política de desenvolvimento rural com vistas à produção assentada no cultivo racional de lavouras temporárias capazes de atrair agroindústrias rurais à formação de cadeias produtivas. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Arranjos Produtivos Locais; Análise de Componentes Principais; Cluster; Estado do Pará.