bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multiple stones in neobladder: Case report and literature review
Authors: Tafuri Alessandro , Porcaro Antonio B , Ashrafi Akbar N , Cerruto Maria Angela , Amigoni Nelia , Mariotto Arianna , Sebben Marco , Marcer Anna , Bassi Silvia , Medina Luis G , Cacciamani Giovanni E , Baccaglini Willy , Winter Matthew , Verratti Vittore , Monaco Carmelo , Migliorini Filippo , Siracusano Salvatore , Artibani Walter 
Published: May 2019

Introduction: Neobladder urolithiasis is a rare but important long-term complication of orthotopic urinary diversion. It may be asymptomatic and can be discovered as an incidental finding on a radiological investigation. However, when symptoms occur, they may include lower abdominal pain, dysuria, hematuria, and lower urinary tract symptoms. Case description: We report the case of a 63-year-old male patient with irritative lower urinary tract symptoms, lower abdominal fullness, urinary incontinence, fecaluria, and urinary loss from the left inguinal fold 12 years after a radical cystoprostatectomy with a orthotopic neobladder. Computed tomography scan and urethrocystography showed a distended pouch with multiple large stones, an enterovesical fistula, and neovesicocutaneous fistula. The fistulae were successfully managed conservatively with the placement of a Foley catheter. After 3 months, open cystolithotomy was performed and approximately 50 stones with dimensions varying from 5 mm to 5 cm, with a total weight of 890 g, were removed. After a 1-year follow-up, the patient did not report pain, urinary tract infections, or symptoms suggestive of fistula and imaging evaluation confirmed no recurrence of neobladder stones. Conclusion: Neobladder stones may present with various symptoms. Our patient had irritative lower urinary tract symptoms, lower abdominal fullness, urinary incontinence, fecaluria, and urinary loss from the left inguinal fold 12 years after a radical cystoprostatectomy with a orthotopic neobladder. Our experience demonstrates that open cystolithotomy is an effective intervention for the removal of large stones in neobladder.
Effect of serum albumin level on hospital outcomes in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest
Authors: Yoon Hanna , Song Kyoung Jun , Shin Sang Do , Ro Young Sun , Hong Ki Jeong , Park Jeong Ho 
Published: May 2019

Background: Background: Serum albumin has been known as a strong predictive value of mortality in various disease conditions, severe burns, major surgeries, stroke, myocardial infarction, etc. But little is known for the effect of serum albumin level on out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the effect of serum albumin level on the outcome of out of hospital cardiac arrest. Methods: This study was a prospective hospital-based patient cohort study, conducted during January to December 2014 at 27 emergency departments in Cardiac Arrest Pursuit Trial with Unique Registration and Epidemiologic Surveillance project. The albumin was measured immediately after arrival to the emergency department during cardiopulmonary resuscitation, and albumin was categorized into two groups, group < 3.5 g/dL group and ⩾ 3.5 g/dL group. The primary outcome was a good neurological recovery at discharge (cerebral performance category scale 1 or 2). Multivariable logistic regression was used for adjusting for confounders. Results: During the study period, 1616 out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients with presumed cardiac etiology were enrolled, and the total of 1013 patients were analyzed in this study. A total 452 (44.6%) patients had serum albumin level less than 3.5 g/dL. The serum albumin ⩾ 3.5 g/dL group showed better neurological outcomes than the serum albumin < 3.5 g/dL group: 18.5% versus 4.0%, and ⩾ 3.5 g/dL group had higher survival discharge rates than the < 3.5 g/dL group: 23.9% versus 9.1% (p < 0.01). After adjusting for potential covariates, patients with serum albumin ⩾ 3.5 g/dL had a higher odds of good neurological recovery (adjusted odds ratio: 2.94 (95% confidence interval: [1.57, 5.49])), and higher survival to discharge (adjusted odds ratio: 1.74 (95% confidence interval: [1.10, 2.76])). Conclusion: Low serum albumin levels are associated with a worse neurologic outcome in patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.
Ratio of carcinoembryonic antigen in pleural fluid and serum for the diagnosis of malignant pleural effusion
Authors: Hackner Klaus , Errhalt Peter , Handzhiev Sabin 
Published: May 2019

Background: Tumour markers in pleural fluid and their diagnostic value are subject to debate. Although there are several studies on this topic, standardized cut-off values do not exist. In this study we investigated the potential of a ratio of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in pleural fluid and serum, serving as an individual marker for pleural cancer manifestation. Methods: A total of 201 consecutive patients with unclear pleural effusion were included in the study; 98 were diagnosed with malignant pleural effusion and 103 had an effusion due to other, benign reasons. CEA levels in pleural fluid and serum were measured. Results: By using receiver operating characteristics analysis, at the cut-off of 1.0, the CEA ratio showed a specificity of 92% and sensitivity of 85%, with a positive predictive value of 91% and a negative predictive value of 87%. These results are higher than in previous investigations on different pleural tumour markers and their combination. Conclusions: The CEA ratio is a useful tool in predicting pleural carcinosis. Elevated results in cytology-negative patients should lead to further investigations, such as repeated cytological examination or thoracoscopy.
A deficiency in SUMOylation activity disrupts multiple pathways leading to neural tube and heart defects in Xenopus embryos
Authors: Bertke Michelle M. , Dubiak Kyle M. , Cronin Laura , Zeng Erliang , Huber Paul W. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBackgroundAdenovirus protein, Gam1, triggers the proteolytic destruction of the E1 SUMO-activating enzyme. Microinjection of an empirically determined amount of Gam1 mRNA into one-cellXenopusembryos can reduce SUMOylation activity to undetectable, but nonlethal, levels, enabling an examination of the role of this post-translational modification during early vertebrate development.ResultsWe find that SUMOylation-deficient embryos consistently exhibit defects in neural tube and heart development. We have measured differences in gene expression between control and embryos injected with Gam1 mRNA at three developmental stages: early gastrula (immediately following the initiation of zygotic transcription), late gastrula (completion of the formation of the three primary germ layers), and early neurula (appearance of the neural plate). Although changes in gene expression are widespread and can be linked to many biological processes, three pathways, non-canonical Wnt/PCP, snail/twist, and Ets-1, are especially sensitive to the loss of SUMOylation activity and can largely account for the predominant phenotypes of Gam1 embryos. SUMOylation appears to generate different pools of a given transcription factor having different specificities with this post-translational modification involved in the regulation of more complex, as opposed to housekeeping, processes.ConclusionsWe have identified changes in gene expression that underlie the neural tube and heart phenotypes resulting from depressed SUMOylation activity. Notably, these developmental defects correspond to the two most frequently occurring congenital birth defects in humans, strongly suggesting that perturbation of SUMOylation, either globally or of a specific protein, may frequently be the origin of these pathologies.
Hysterectomy-Corrected Uterine Corpus Cancer Incidence Trends and Differences in Relative Survival Reveal Racial Disparities and Rising Rates of Nonendometrioid Cancers
Authors: Clarke Megan A. , Devesa Susan S. , Harvey Summer V. , Wentzensen Nicolas 
Published: May 2019

PURPOSE Uterine corpus cancer incidence rates have been projected to increase, a prediction often attributed to the obesity epidemic. However, correct estimation of these rates requires accounting for hysterectomy prevalence, which varies by race, ethnicity, and region. Here, we evaluated recent trends in hysterectomy-corrected rates by race and ethnicity and histologic subtype and estimated differences in relative survival by race and ethnicity, subtype, and stage. METHODS We estimated hysterectomy prevalence from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. Hysterectomy-corrected age-standardized uterine corpus cancer incidence rates from 2000 to 2015 were calculated from the SEER 18 registries. Incidence rates and trends were estimated separately by race and ethnicity, region, and histologic subtype. Five-year relative survival rates were estimated by race and ethnicity, histologic subtype, and stage. RESULTS Hysterectomy-corrected incidence rates of uterine corpus cancer were similar among non-Hispanic whites and blacks and lower among Hispanics and Asians/Pacific Islanders. Endometrioid carcinoma rates were highest in non-Hispanic whites, whereas nonendometrioid carcinoma and sarcoma rates were highest in non-Hispanic blacks. Hysterectomy-corrected uterine corpus cancer incidence increased among non-Hispanic whites from 2003 to 2015 and among non-Hispanic blacks, Hispanics, and Asians/Pacific Islanders from 2000 to 2015. Overall incidence rates among non-Hispanic blacks surpassed those of non-Hispanic whites in 2007. Endometrioid carcinoma rates rose among non-Hispanic blacks, Hispanics, and Asians/Pacific Islanders but were stable among non-Hispanic whites; however, nonendometrioid carcinoma rates rose significantly among all women. Non-Hispanic blacks had the lowest survival rates, irrespective of stage at diagnosis or histologic subtype. CONCLUSION Among all women, rates of nonendometrioid subtypes have been rising rapidly. Our analysis shows profound racial differences and disparities indicated by higher rates of nonendometrioid subtypes and poorer survival among non-Hispanic black women.
Modelling the effects of climate change on shellfish production in marine artisanal fisheries of Ghana
Authors: Atindana Sandra Akugpoka , Ofori-Danson Patrick Kwabena , Brucet Sandra 
Published: May 2019

Background: Ghana’s marine artisanal fisheries, particularly the small pelagic fisheries, are in a state of crisis. The decline in the number of small pelagic fish are attributable to overfishing, climate variability and unsustainable fishing methods. Similarly, in the wake of climate change, shellfishes (particularly oysters, scallops and mussels) are highly vulnerable. Methods: A total of 55 years’ worth of data from Ghana’s marine artisanal fisheries were studied in relation to climate indices. The primary objective was to develop a simple linear regression model for predicting shellfish catch in Ghana. Key informant interviews were employed in soliciting data on changes in climate along the coastline and trends in marine artisanal shell fish catch. Results: The predictor variable that significantly explained shellfish production was temperature. Hence, the model is a valuable tool to predict future trends in the shellfish catch in marine artisanal fisheries. Conclusions: Increases in sea surface temperature will adversely affect shellfish production. It is therefore important that the Ministry of Fisheries and Aquaculture Development and other stakeholders should, in their decision-making processes, ensure the formulation of climate smart policies and management strategies for sustainable use of the resource.
Adding sticks to a bundle: government-imposed modifications to property
Authors: Booms Thomas 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Legal economists analyze property rights in two distinct, but related enterprises. The ‘content’-enterprise treats property rights as collections of entitlements and seeks to explain the combinatorial principles at work in combining them. The ‘enforcement’-enterprise takes the existing entitlement structures as a given and focuses instead on whether and how the individual entitlements should be protected against appropriation. This article argues that the differences in how these two enterprises resolve property disputes carry policy implications: if ‘self-help’ measures parties take to appropriate or protect entitlements would lead to rent-seeking, the government should pre-emptively modify entitlement structures so that entitlements are assigned to the party that values them most.
A New Source of Yellow Coloration of the Sunflower Plant Top and Its Importance in Breeding
Authors: Popov V.M. , Dolhova T.A. 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Inbred line Mh174B with the yellow coloration of the sunflower plant top was produced by hybridization of annual wild species with cultivated sunflower. The aim research was to evaluate genetic control of yellow coloration of the sunflower plant top in combination with other morphological traits (branchiness, pollen fertility restoration and ray flower coloration). A total of four F2 hybrid combinations of were created: Сх1010А × Mh174B, Сх1012А × Mh174B, Сх2111А × Mh174B, Мх845А × Mh174B. Yellow coloration of the sunflower plant top was shown to follow a monogenic mode of inheritance and, presumably, be controlled by the gene y. This trait is inherited independently from such traits as branchiness, pollen fertility restoration and ray flower coloration. The mainstreams of use of yellow coloration of the sunflower plant top in sunflower breeding and seed production are discussed.
Phytochemistry and neuroprotective effects of Eclipta alba (L.) Hassk
Authors: Guenné Samson , Ouattara Nabèrè , Ouédraogo Noufou , Ciobica Alin , Hilou Adama , Kiendrebéogo Martin 
Published: May 2019

Abstract

Eclipta alba (L.) Hassk. or Eclipta prostrata (Linn.) or Eclipta erecta (Linn.) is an herbaceous plant well known in Asian as African traditional medicines. These extracts are used in traditional medicine for treatment of microbial diseases and certain metabolic disorders. This review aimed to investigate phytochemical profile and neuroprotective effects of E. alba (L.) Hassk. Several compounds belonging to the families of phenolics, alkaloids, terpenoids and polysaccharides have been isolated, identified or characterized from E. alba extracts. This plant has a diverse neuropharmacological profile. Thus, its extract improves cognitive deficits and also attenuated epileptic seizures. Phytomolecules implicated in these potentials are Eclalbasaponin II and luteolin, respectively. This document updates isolated and identified organic compounds from the extracts of E. alba and reviews their neuropharmacological activities.
The Application of Non-Destructive Geophysical Measurements for Mapping and Surveying the Hillforts in the Czech Republic
Authors: Křivánek Roman 
Published: May 2019

[full article, abstract in English; abstract in Lithuanian]
The Czech landscape and its archaeological resources include the most varied types of prehistoric or early medieval hillforts. These fortified sites are found across a variety of different locations and possess different functions and dimensions (very often in units of hectares, unlike the later medieval strongholds, characterized by the dimensions of tenths of hectares of fortified areas). Due to this large area, the hillforts were verified using mainly small-scale archaeological investigations. Many other hillforts are also known to exist without any archaeological trenching, research or exact dating. A combination of various remote sensing techniques and non-destructive methods seems to be, in the last two decades, a fast and low-priced way to acquire new spatial information about these fortified sites. Geophysical measurements of hillforts and different me-thods were under all circumstances limited by various field conditions and the performance of used equipment. But some of the geophysical methods now offer new surveys of large areas of hillforts or nearly complete fortified sites. Seven chosen examples of various geophysical methods and techniques in this paper should illustrate the different possibilities of modern prospection and non-destructive mapping of hillforts. Their results could be used in archaeology, heritage care of intangible archaeological monuments or on different occasions for particular kinds of conservation, new protection or systematic study of hillforts.
YARALI MAHMUT HİKÂYESİNDE KADIN TİPLERİ
Authors: KARAKAŞ Rezan , AKIN Erdem , GÜNEŞ Firdevs 
Published: May 2019

Türk kültüründe aile, en önemli toplumsal
kurum olarak kabul edildiğinden onun temelini teşkil eden kadın, Türk yaşam tarzında
ve sözlü-yazılı kültüründe yüksek bir değere sahip olmuştur. Gerek geçmişte
gerekse günümüzde kadın, yaşam içinde her türlü işte veya halledilmesi gereken
tüm zorluklarda erkeğin yanı başında yer almıştır. Geçmiş yüzyıllarda çağın
gerekleri doğrultusunda kadından ata binen, kılıç kullanan savaşan bir erkek
gibi olması da istenmiştir. Türk sosyal yaşantısındaki beklentiler, edebî
ürünlerde de bu doğrultuda yapıtlar ortaya konmasına sebep olmuş; böylece
destanlar, Dede Korkut hikâyeleri ve halk hikâyeleri, alp tipi kadın
portreleriyle süslenmiştir.

Yaralı Mahmut hikâyesinde kadın kahramanların
oluşturduğu tipler üzerine yapılan bu çalışmada, eserde yer alan kadınların tip
sınıflandırılması ve özellikleri üzerinde durulmuştur. Tip özellikleri
belirlenirken kadınların konumu, olaylar ve kişiler karşısındaki tutumları esas
alınmıştır. Yaralı Mahmut hikâyesindeki kadın kahramanların kalıp tutum ve
davranışlar sergiledikleri görülmektedir. Birer “tip” olarak karşımıza çıkan
Yaralı Mahmut hikâyesinin kadınlarını; “sevgili tipi”, “anne tipi”,&nbsp; “yardımcı tip” ve “engelleyen tip” şeklinde
sınıflandırmak mümkündür. Yapılacak yeni araştırmalarla desteklendiği takdirde bu
sınıflandırmanın tüm halk hikâyeleri için kullanılabileceği düşünülmektedir.
Ayrıca sözlü edebiyat ürünlerinden halk hikâyesi türünden hareketle anlatılarda
kadın kahramanların genel özelliklerinin tespitinin Türk kültüründe kadının
yeri ve önemi tartışmalarına katkı sunması beklenmektedir.&nbsp;
TÜKETİCİLERİN ELEKTRİKLİ ARAÇ TERCİHLERİ: LİTERATÜR TARAMASI VE TÜRKİYE’DE TANITIMINA YÖNELİK ÖNERİLER
Authors: KARAMEHMET Bilge , MORGÜL Esma 
Published: May 2019

Elektrikli
otomobillerin geleceğin teknolojisi olduğu bir gerçektir. Hem verimlilik
açısından hem de fayda açısından tüketicilerin yakın bir gelecekte tercih
edecekleri otomobil türleri arasında yer alacağı tahmin edilmektedir. Sürücüsüz
otomobil teknolojisi ile birlikte piyasaya sürülen araçların geleceğinin olduğu
bilinmektedir. Hatta yakın gelecekte Almanya 2030 yılında, Hollanda ve Norveç
2025 yılında, Fransa ve İngiltere ise 2040 yılında benzinli ve dizel araç
satışlarının yasaklanacağını resmen duyurmuşlardır. Böyle bir piyasada
elektrikli araçların araştırılması ihtiyacı doğmuştur. Türkiye’de üretimi için
talimat verilen ve yaygınlaşması beklenen elektrikli araçların tercih sebepleri
ile ilgili daha önce yapılmış olan araştırma sonuçlarından faydalanarak
öneriler getirilmiştir. Bu kapsamda Dünyada ve Türkiye’de elektrikli araçlar ve
türleri ile ilgili yapılmış olan, erişilebilen tüm çalışmalar
değerlendirilmiştir. Elektrikli otomobil tercihlerinde kültürel farklılıkların,
çevresel faktörlerin, ekonomik ve sosyal faktörlerin etkilerinin olacağı
düşünülmektedir. Elektrikli araçlar konusunda yapılacaklar listesinin başında
öncelikle tüketicilerin bilgilendirilmesi gerektiği sonucuna varılmıştır.
Yapılan araştırmalar da göz önüne alındığında; bilgilendirmenin detaylı şekilde
yapılması gerektiği, elektrikli araçların türleri ve kullanım şekillerinin
detaylı şekilde tüketicilere aktarılması gerektiği sonucuna varılmıştır. Ayrıca
elektrikli araçların tüketiciler tarafından tercih edilmesi için var olan
alışkanlıklarının yanında ek fayda sağlanması; şarj süresi, şarj istasyonu
sayısının azlığı gibi olumsuz etkenlerin öncelikli olarak çözülmesi
gerekmektedir. Elektrikli araçların tanıtım faaliyetlerinde maliyet avantajı
konusu üzerinde özellikle durulması gerekmektedir. Aynı zamanda tanıtım faaliyetleri kapsamında
çevre bilincinin aktarılması gerekmektedir. Bir diğer taraftan bakıldığında bu
öneriler ışığında otomobil markalarının üretim bandının genişletilmesi ve pazarlama
planlarına elektrikli araçları da eklemesi gerekmektedir. Tüketicilerin tercihlerinin
ne yönde olacağını anlama hususunda geniş çaplı ampirik çalışmaların yapılması
önerilmektedir. Bu sayede kültürel farklılıkların belirlenmesi ve çevre
konusundaki hassasiyetin ve en önemlisi de elektrikli araç farkındalığının
yaratılması öngörülmektedir.
GÖK-TÜRK DEVLETİ DİPLOMASİSİ (552-630)
Authors: ŞAHİN Çiğdem 
Published: May 2019

Gök-Türk Devleti (Türk Devleti) hakkındaki
tarihsel çalışmalar yoğunlaştıkça, bu model devleti farklı yönlerden inceleyen
çalışmaların yapılması da mümkün hale gelmektedir. Bu devletin siyasal yapısı
ve diğer siyasal varlıklarla ilişkileri her ne kadar çeşitli tarih
araştırmalarında ele alınıyor olsa da, özellikle diplomatik yapısı ve işleyişi
hakkında detaylı analizlerin yapılması ihtiyacı bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışma, mevcut kaynaklar ışığında Gök-Türk
Devleti’nin 552-630 yılları arasındaki genel dış ilişkiler bürokrasisini ve
diplomasi yapısını incelemeyi, diplomatik ilişki kurduğu devletlerle elçilik
örnekleri üzerinden bu devlet tarafından nasıl bir diplomasi yürütüldüğünü,
elçilerin hangi diplomatik işlevleri yerine getirdiğini, Gök-Türklerin
diplomatik usulleri ve teknikleri ne kadar takip ettiğini ve nasıl uyguladığını
(elçi dokunulmazlığı, önde gelme-protokol uygulamaları, diplomatik dil) ortaya
koymayı amaçlamaktadır.