bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Charged Si9 Clusters in Neat Solids and the Detection of [H2Si9]2− in Solution: A Combined NMR, Raman, Mass Spectrometric, and Quantum Chemical Investigation
Authors: Schiegerl Lorenz J. , Karttunen Antti J. , Tillmann Jan , Geier Sebastian , Raudaschl‐Sieber Gabriele , Waibel Markus , Fässler Thomas F. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractPolyanionic silicon clusters are provided by the Zintl phases K4Si4, comprising [Si4]4− units, and K12Si17, consisting of [Si4]4− and [Si9]4− clusters. A combination of solid‐state MAS‐NMR, solution NMR, and Raman spectroscopy, electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, and quantum‐chemical investigations was used to investigate four‐ and nine‐atomic silicon Zintl clusters in neat solids and solution. The results were compared to 29Si isotope‐enriched samples. 29Si‐MAS NMR and Raman shifts of the phase‐pure solids K4Si4 and K12Si17 were interpreted by quantum‐chemical calculations. Extraction of [Si9]4− clusters from K12Si17 with liquid ammonia/222crypt and their transfer to pyridine yields in a red solid containing Si9 clusters. This compound was characterized by elemental and EDX analyses and 29Si‐MAS NMR and Raman spectroscopy. Charged Si9 clusters were detected by 29Si NMR in solution. 29Si and 1H NMR spectra reveal the presence of the [H2Si9]2− cluster anion in solution.
Hierarchically aligned fibrous hydrogel films through microfluidic self‐assembly of graphene and polysaccharides
Authors: Patel Akhil , Xue Yingfei , Hartley Rebecca , Sant Vinayak , Eles James R. , Cui Xinyan Tracy , Stolz Donna Beer , Sant Shilpa 
Published: July 2018

AbstractDespite significant interest in developing extracellular matrix (ECM)‐inspired biomaterials to recreate native cell‐instructive microenvironments, the major challenge in the biomaterial field is to recapitulate the complex structural and biophysical features of native ECM. These biophysical features include multiscale hierarchy, electrical conductivity, optimum wettability, and mechanical properties. These features are critical to the design of cell‐instructive biomaterials for bioengineering applications such as skeletal muscle tissue engineering. In this study, we used a custom‐designed film fabrication assembly, which consists of a microfluidic chamber to allow electrostatic charge‐based self‐assembly of oppositely charged polymer solutions forming a hydrogel fiber and eventually, a nanocomposite fibrous hydrogel film. The film recapitulates unidirectional hierarchical fibrous structure along with the conductive properties to guide initial alignment and myotube formation from cultured myoblasts. We combined high conductivity, and charge carrier mobility of graphene with biocompatibility of polysaccharides to develop graphene–polysaccharide nanocomposite fibrous hydrogel films. The incorporation of graphene in fibrous hydrogel films enhanced their wettability, electrical conductivity, tensile strength, and toughness without significantly altering their elastic properties (Young's modulus). In a proof‐of‐concept study, the mouse myoblast cells (C2C12) seeded on these nanocomposite fibrous hydrogel films showed improved spreading and enhanced myogenesis as evident by the formation of multinucleated myotubes, an early indicator of myogenesis. Overall, graphene–polysaccharide nanocomposite fibrous hydrogel films provide a potential biomaterial to promote skeletal muscle tissue regeneration.
Metallapentalenofuran: Shifting Metallafuran Rings Promoted by Substituent Effects
Authors: Hua Yuhui , Lan Qing , Fei Jiawei , Tang Chun , Lin Jianfeng , Zha Hexukun , Chen Shiyan , Lu Yinghua , Chen Jiangxi , He Xumin , Xia Haiping 
Published: July 2018

AbstractBulky substituents play important roles in controlling the reaction pathways or producing selected products. This work reports that the shift of metallafuran rings in a metallapentalenofuran complex can be promoted by the substituent effect via a reversible C−H bond reductive elimination and oxidative addition. The starting osmapentalyne, a so‐called 7‐carbon carbolong complex, was produced by the oxidation of a metallapentalenofuran with FeCl3. It was then allowed to react with nucleophiles, followed by a C−H activation, to give the aforementioned metallapentalenofuran complex. This work enriches the family of carbolong complexes and reveals a new strategy to promote, but not prevent reactions by the bulky substituents.
Palladium‐Catalyzed Cascade Double C—N Bond Activation: A New Strategy for Aminomethylation of 1,3‐Dienes with Aminals
Authors: Qiao Cuifang , Chen Anrong , Gao Bingjian , Liu Yang , Huang Hanmin 
Published: July 2018

AbstractA new palladium‐catalyzed selective aminomethylation of conjugated 1,3‐dienes with aminals via double C—N bond activation is described. This simple method provides an effective and rapid approach for the synthesis of linear α,β‐unsaturated allylic amines with perfect regioselectivity. Mechanistic studies disclosed that one palladium catalyst cleaved two distinct C—N bond to furnish a cascade double C—N bond activation, in which an allylic 1,3‐diamine and allylic 1,2‐diamine were initially formed as key intermediates through the palladium‐catalyzed C—N bond activation of aminal and the α,β‐unsaturated allylic amine was subsequently produced via palladium‐catalyzed C—N bond activation of the allylic diamines.
How do corporate social responsibility activities affect performance? The role of excess control right
Authors: Ting Pi‐Hui , Yin Hsien‐yu 
Published: July 2018

AbstractUsing a sample of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)‐awarded firms in Taiwan during 2007–2016, this paper examines the impacts of various dimensions of CSR activities on firm financial performance, and investigates how the controlling shareholders' excess control right affects the relationship between CSR and firm financial performance. The empirical results show that the various dimensions of CSR activities affect firm financial performance differently. Moreover, the excess control right negatively affects the relationship between CSR activities and firm financial performance. CSR activities which are related to customers and employees have a significant positive impact on accounting‐based and market‐based performance for high and low excess control right firms. CSR activities which are related with environmental policy harm the accounting‐based financial performance of firms with a high degree of excess control right. Finally, the positive impact of community‐related CSR activities on the accounting‐based financial performance of firms is limited to firms with a low degree of excess control right.
A new genetic tool to improve immune‐compromised mouse models: Derivation and CRISPR/Cas9‐mediated targeting of NRG embryonic stem cell lines
Authors: Martin Gonzalez Javier , Baudet Aurélie , Abelechian Sahar , Bonderup Kasper , d'Altri Teresa , Porse Bo , Brakebusch Cord , Juliusson Gunnar , Cammenga Jörg 
Published: July 2018

SummaryDevelopment of human hematopoietic stem cells and differentiation of embryonic stem (ES) cells/induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells to hematopoietic stem cells are poorly understood. NOD (Non‐obese diabetic)‐derived mouse strains, such as NSG (NOD‐Scid‐il2Rg) or NRG (NOD‐Rag1‐il2Rg), are the best available models for studying the function of fetal and adult human hematopoietic cells as well as ES/iPS cell‐derived hematopoietic stem cells. Unfortunately, engraftment of human hematopoietic stem cells is very variable in these models. Introduction of additional permissive mutations into these complex genetic backgrounds of the NRG/NSG mice by natural breeding is a very demanding task in terms of time and resources. Specifically, since the genetic elements defining the NSG/NRG phenotypes have not yet been fully characterized, intense backcrossing is required to ensure transmission of the full phenotype. Here we describe the derivation of embryonic stem cell (ESC) lines from NRG pre‐implantation embryos generated by in vitro fertilization followed by the CRISPR/CAS9 targeting of the Gata‐2 locus. After injection into morula stage embryos, cells from three tested lines gave rise to chimeric adult mice showing high contribution of the ESCs (70%–100%), assessed by coat color. Moreover, these lines have been successfully targeted using Cas9/CRISPR technology, and the mutant cells have been shown to remain germ line competent. Therefore, these new NRG ESC lines combined with genome editing nucleases bring a powerful genetic tool that facilitates the generation of new NOD‐based mouse models with the aim to improve the existing xenograft models.
Natural T‐cell ligands that are created by genetic variants can be transferred between cells by extracellular vesicles
Authors: Kremer Anita N. , Zonneveld Marijke I. , Kremer Andreas E. , van der Meijden Edith D. , Falkenburg J.H. Frederik , Wauben Marca H.M. , Nolte‐‘t Hoen Esther N.M. , Griffioen Marieke 
Published: July 2018

AbstractCD4 T cells play a central role as helper cells in adaptive immunity. Presentation of exogenous antigens in MHC class II by professional antigen‐presenting cells is a crucial step in induction of specific CD4 T cells in adaptive immune responses. For efficient induction of immunity against intracellular threats such as viruses or malignant transformations, antigens from HLA class II‐negative infected or transformed cells need to be transferred to surrounding antigen‐presenting cells to allow efficient priming of naive CD4 T cells. Here we show indirect antigen presentation for a subset of natural HLA class II ligands that are created by genetic variants and demonstrated that (neo)antigens can be transferred between cells by extracellular vesicles. Intercellular transfer by extracellular vesicles was not dependent on the T‐cell epitope, but rather on characteristics of the full‐length protein. This mechanism of (neo)antigen transfer from HLA class II‐negative cells to surrounding antigen‐presenting cells may play a crucial role in induction of anti‐tumor immunity.
Contactless conductivity detection for analytical techniques: Developments from 2016 to 2018
Authors: Kubáň Pavel , Hauser Peter C. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe publications concerning capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection for the 2‐year period from mid‐2016 to mid‐2018 are covered in this update to the earlier reviews of the series. Relatively few reports on fundamental investigations or new designs have appeared in the literature in this time interval, but the development of new applications with the detection method has continued strongly. Most often, contactless conductivity measurements have been employed for the detection of inorganic or small organic ions in conventional capillary electrophoresis, less often in microchip electrophoresis. A number of other uses, such as detection in chromatography or the gauging of bubbles in streams have also been reported.
The importance of body image disturbances for the outcome of outpatient psychotherapy in patients with anorexia nervosa: Results of the ANTOP‐study
Authors: Junne Florian , Wild Beate , Resmark Gaby , Giel Katrin E. , Teufel Martin , Martus Peter , Ziser Katrin , Friederich Hans‐Christoph , de Zwaan Martina , Löwe Bernd , Dinkel Andreas , Herpertz Stephan , Burgmer Markus , Tagay Sefik , Rothermund Eva , Zeeck Almut , Herzog Wolfgang , Zipfel Stephan 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThis study investigates the role of body image self‐appraisal in predicting the outcomes of outpatient psychotherapy in patients with anorexia nervosa (AN). Multiple linear regression analyses and a path‐analysis model were applied to test the study hypotheses that body image at baseline predicts treatment outcomes of outpatient psychotherapy in patients with AN at follow‐up measurement. The analyses were conducted as secondary analyses in a subgroup (n = 148) of the anorexia nervosa treatment of outpatient‐cohort (ANTOP‐study) (N = 242) of patients with AN. The results show that Negative Evaluation of the Body at baseline predicts perceived stress during psychotherapy, which in turn predicts depressive symptoms at the end of therapy which in turn predicts the outcomes body mass index and EDI‐2 sum score at 12 months follow‐up. The results underline the importance of body image disturbance in the course of AN and call for body image as a central target of psychotherapeutic interventions in patients with AN.
Effects of deep‐seated versus shallow hillslope processes on cosmogenic 10Be concentrations in fluvial sand and gravel
Authors: Tofelde Stefanie , Duesing Walter , Schildgen Taylor F. , Wickert Andrew D. , Wittmann Hella , Alonso Ricardo N. , Strecker Manfred 
Published: July 2018

AbstractTerrestrial cosmogenic nuclide (TCN) concentrations in fluvial sediment, from which denudation rates are commonly inferred, can be affected by hillslope processes. TCN concentrations in gravel and sand may differ if localized, deep‐excavation processes (e.g. landslides, debris flows) affect the contributing catchment, whereas the TCN concentrations of sand and gravel tend to be more similar when diffusional processes like soil creep and sheetwash are dominant. To date, however, no study has systematically compared TCN concentrations in different detrital grain‐size fractions with a detailed inventory of hillslope processes from the entire catchment. Here we compare concentrations of the TCN 10Be in 20 detrital sand samples from the Quebrada del Toro (southern Central Andes, Argentina) to a hillslope‐process inventory from each contributing catchment. Our comparison reveals a shift from low‐slope gullying and scree production in slowly denuding, low‐slope areas to steep‐slope gullying and landsliding in fast‐denuding, steep areas. To investigate whether the nature of hillslope processes (locally excavating or more uniformly denuding) may be reflected in a comparison of the 10Be concentrations of sand and gravel, we define the normalized sand‐gravel index (NSGI) as the 10Be‐concentration difference between sand and gravel divided by their summed concentrations. We find a positive, linear relationship between the NSGI and median slope, such that our NSGI values broadly reflect the shift in hillslope processes from low‐slope gullying and scree production to steep‐slope gullying and landsliding. Higher NSGI values characterize regions affected by steep‐slope gullying or landsliding. We relate the large scatter in the relationship, which is exhibited particularly in low‐slope areas, to reduced hillslope‐channel connectivity and associated transient sediment storage within those catchments. While high NSGI values in well‐connected catchments are a reliable signal of deep‐excavation processes, hillslope excavation processes may not be reliably recorded by NSGI values where sediment experiences transient storage. © 2018 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Increasing legume forage productivity through slurry application – A way to intensify sustainable agriculture?
Authors: Crotty Felicity V. , Fychan Rhun , Sanderson Ruth , Marley Christina L. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractLegume forages are fundamental in the development of sustainable livestock systems, building soil fertility and providing home‐grown protein for ruminant livestock. Legumes derive N from the atmosphere but defoliation reduces N fixation, reducing yield. Livestock, particularly dairy, systems generate considerable quantities of slurry. There is a lack of knowledge on whether this resource can be used sustainably to improve the dry matter (DM) yield of regularly defoliated legumes. An experiment investigated whether applying slurry to red clover (Trifolium pratense), lucerne (Medicago sativa), or hybrid ryegrass (Lolium hybridicum), managed by frequent cutting, would increase DM and nitrogen (N) yield compared with plots without slurry. Treatments were compared within a randomized block design. Plots were harvested for silage on four occasions. Soil P and K indices were maintained at sufficiency levels throughout. Forage DM yields were higher on all plots treated with slurry than those with zero slurry. Overall, legume forages had higher DM yields than ryegrass, with lucerne having the highest DM yield. DM yields decreased at each cut for all forages (p < 0.001); however, forage N content increased after each cut (p < 0.001). Slurry addition increased ryegrass yield at first cut and red clover yield at second cut (p < 0.05) indicating ryegrass needed the nutrient boost to commence growth, while red clover needed it to aid recovery after defoliation stress. N concentration differed between forages, although for ryegrass and red clover there was no difference between slurry treatments (p > 0.05), N was higher in lucerne grown without slurry. Applying slurry to legumes under frequent cutting regimes increased total DM yield but not N yield. Overall, findings demonstrate the potential to use slurry as a resource to intensify sustainable agriculture by increasing the DM yields of frequently harvested forage legumes.
The diagnostic and prognostic value of copeptin in cardiovascular disease, current status, and prospective
Authors: Parizadeh Seyed Mostafa , Ghandehari Maryam , Parizadeh Mohammad Reza , Ferns Gordon A. , Ghayour‐Mobarhan Majid , Avan Amir , Hassanian Seyed Mahdi 
Published: July 2018

AbstractCopeptin is a glycosylated peptide derived from the cleavage of the precursor of arginine‐vasopressin. In contrast to arginine‐vasopressin, copeptin is a stable molecule and can easily be measured using a simple rapid assay. The serum concentration of copeptin is increased in several clinical conditions, including hypertension, chronic kidney disease, and, of special interest in this review, in cardiovascular diseases. The diagnostic and prognostic value of copeptin in different cardiovascular diseases (acute coronary syndrome, stable coronary artery disease, congestive heart failure, and acute ischemic stroke) has been reviewed in this article, to provide an understanding of how its measurement may be applied to improve the management of these conditions.
The proto‐oncogene function of Mdm2 in bone
Authors: Olivos David J. , Perrien Daniel S. , Hooker Adam , Cheng Ying‐Hua , Fuchs Robyn K. , Hong Jung Min , Bruzzaniti Angela , Chun Kristin , Eischen Christine M. , Kacena Melissa A. , Mayo Lindsey D. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractMouse double minute 2 (Mdm2) is a multifaceted oncoprotein that is highly regulated with distinct domains capable of cellular transformation. Loss of Mdm2 is embryonically lethal, making it difficult to study in a mouse model without additional genetic alterations. Global overexpression through increased Mdm2 gene copy number (Mdm2Tg) results in the development of hematopoietic neoplasms and sarcomas in adult animals. In these mice, we found an increase in osteoblastogenesis, differentiation, and a high bone mass phenotype. Since it was difficult to discern the cell lineage that generated this phenotype, we generated osteoblast‐specific Mdm2 overexpressing (Mdm2TgOb) mice in 2 different strains, C57BL/6 and DBA. These mice did not develop malignancies; however, these animals and the MG63 human osteosarcoma cell line with high levels of Mdm2 showed an increase in bone mineralization. Importantly, overexpression of Mdm2 corrected age‐related bone loss in mice, providing a role for the proto‐oncogenic activity of Mdm2 in bone health of adult animals.
TRIM22 regulates macrophage autophagy and enhances Mycobacterium tuberculosis clearance by targeting the nuclear factor–multiplicity κB/beclin 1 pathway
Authors: Lou Jun , Wang Yongli , Zheng Ximing , Qiu Weiqiang 
Published: July 2018

AbstractAutophagy is a crucial host‐defense mechanism against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection by spanning innate and adaptive immune functions. TRIM22 is a member of tripartite motif family protein which involved in innate immunity and autophagy process. However, its role in the modulation of bacterial infection has not been investigated. Here, we demonstrated that TRIM22 is upregulated in a dose‐dependent and time‐dependent manner during Mtb infection of THP‐1 cells. Downregulation of TRIM22 significantly decreased light chain 3 (LC3)‐II protein level and the formation of LC3 puncta, while it markedly increased SQSTM1, a marker of autophagic degradation, in Mtb‐infected THP‐1 cells. What is more, enhanced bacterial survival was observed in TRIM22 knockdown THP‐1 cells, while rapamycin abrogated this effect. In the presence of vector containing TRIM22 in THP‐1 cells prior to infection, the survival of Mtb was decreased, while BafA restored this effect. Further study demonstrated that TRIM22 expression was regulated by MicroRNA‐20b, and that TRIM22 regulates Mtb‐infected THP‐1 autophagy via the nuclear factor–κB/beclin 1 pathway. Using a nuclear factor‐κB inhibitor BAY 11‐7082, we found that TRIM22–induced high expression of LC3‐II and the formation of LC3 was substantially attenuated, while the TRIM22–induced low expression of SQSTM1 was markedly increased in BAY 11‐7082–treatment cells. In addition, the bacterial survival reduced by TRIM22 was significantly reversed by BAY 11‐7082. Overall, these results suggest that TRIM22‐augmented autophagy prevents intracellular Mtb to evade autophagic clearance, thereby inhibiting the persistence of Mtb infections.
IL‐1β induces increased tight junction permeability in bovine mammary epithelial cells via the IL‐1β‐ERK1/2‐MLCK axis upon blood‐milk barrier damage
Authors: Xu Tong , Dong Zhijian , Wang Xixi , Qi Shaopei , Li Xueru , Cheng Rui , Liu Xu , Zhang Yong , Gao Ming‐Qing 
Published: July 2018

AbstractBovine mastitis occurs frequently in dairy cows and is often caused by various aetiological organisms, for example, Escherichia coli. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a key virulence factor of E. coli. In this study, we stimulated bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMECs) with LPS to investigate the global transcriptional response and identify specific proinflammatory factors that play important roles in blood‐milk barrier damage during mastitis caused by E. coli. By performing RNA‐seq, we identified a large number of significantly differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the LPS‐treated BMECs and the control cells. Among the DEGs, interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β) was selected because its messenger RNA expression was induced by LPS and its enrichment is involved in multiple inflammatory signal pathways, and its roles in blood‐milk barrier damage during the process of mastitis were investigated. Exogenous IL‐1β treatment damaged the integrity of the blood‐milk barrier, as indicated by the increased BMEC tight junction (TJ) permeability and confirmed by in vitro and in vivo experiments. Furthermore, the IL‐1β–induced increase in the BMEC TJ permeability was mediated by the IL‐1β‐ERK1/2‐MLCK axis pathway. Our data provide insights into the functions of IL‐1β in blood‐milk barrier damage caused by mastitis in dairy cows.