bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fractional topological phase measurement with a hyperentangled photon source
Authors: Matoso A. A. , Ribeiro R. A. , Oxman L. E. , Khoury A. Z. , Pádua S. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractPairs of photons simultaneously entangled in their path and polarization degrees of freedom are used to measure the topological phase acquired by bipartite entangled states. Conditional phase local unitary operations having the polarization degree of freedom as the control variable are applied. Qudits of arbitrary dimensions are encoded on the photons transverse positions while polarization entanglement is used as an auxiliary resource for quantum interference measurements. With this scheme the fractional phases predicted for dimensions d = 2, 3 and 4 could be measured with visibilities for the interference curves beyond the limit allowed for classical sources, which is expected for a source of quantum correlated photons. The strategy of perform a quantum interferometry experiment with photons entangled in an auxiliary degree of freedom and apply unitary local operations conditioned to this auxiliary variable shows an increase to the signal to noise ratio, simplifies alignment and can be used in different applications. This offers an interesting perspective for the efficient implementation of phase gates in quantum computing with hyperentangled photon sources in polarization and path degrees of freedom. Furthermore, one can conjecture whether the measured phase can serve as a dimensionality identifier of the Hilbert space dimension for an unknown state preparation.
Analogues of ERβ ligand chloroindazole exert immunomodulatory and remyelinating effects in a mouse model of multiple sclerosis
Authors: Karim Hawra , Kim Sung Hoon , Lauderdale Kelli , Lapato Andrew S. , Atkinson Kelley , Yasui Norio , Yamate-Morgan Hana , Sekyi Maria , Katzenellenbogen John A. , Tiwari-Woodruff Seema K. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractPharmaceutical agents currently approved for the treatment of multiple sclerosis reduce relapse rates, but do not reverse or prevent neurodegeneration nor initiate myelin repair. The highly selective estrogen receptor (ER) β ligand chloroindazole (IndCl) shows particular promise promoting both remyelination while reducing inflammatory cytokines in the central nervous system of mice with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. To optimize these benefits, we developed and screened seven novel IndCl analogues for their efficacy in promoting primary oligodendrocyte (OL) progenitor cell survival, proliferation, and differentiationin vitroby immunohistochemistry. Two analogues, IndCl-o-chloro and IndCl-o-methyl, induced proliferation and differentiation equivalent to IndCl and were selected for subsequentin vivoevaluation for their impact on clinical disease course, white matter pathology, and inflammation. Both compounds ameliorated disease severity, increased mature OLs, and improved overall myelination in the corpus callosum and white matter tracts of the spinal cord. These effects were accompanied by reduced production of the OL toxic molecules interferon-γ and chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand, CXCL10 by splenocytes with no discernable effect on central nervous system-infiltrating leukocyte numbers, while IndCl-o-methyl also reduced peripheral interleukin (IL)−17. In addition, expression of the chemokine CXCL1, which is associated with developmental oligodendrogenesis, was upregulated by IndCl and both analogues. Furthermore, callosal compound action potential recordings from analogue-treated mice demonstrated a larger N1 component amplitude compared to vehicle, suggesting more functionally myelinated fibers. Thus, theo-Methyl ando-Chloro IndCl analogues represent a class of ERβ ligands that offer significant remyelination and neuroprotection as well as modulation of the immune system; hence, they appear appropriate to consider further for therapeutic development in multiple sclerosis and other demyelinating diseases.
Transport of Anthocyanins and other Flavonoids by the Arabidopsis ATP-Binding Cassette Transporter AtABCC2
Authors: Behrens Claire E. , Smith Kaila E. , Iancu Cristina V. , Choe Jun-yong , Dean John V. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractFlavonoids have important developmental, physiological, and ecological roles in plants and are primarily stored in the large central vacuole. Here we show that both an ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter(s) and an H+-antiporter(s) are involved in the uptake of cyanidin 3-O-glucoside (C3G) by Arabidopsis vacuolar membrane-enriched vesicles. We also demonstrate that vesicles isolated from yeast expressing the ABC protein AtABCC2 are capable of MgATP-dependent uptake of C3G and other anthocyanins. The uptake of C3G by AtABCC2 depended on the co-transport of glutathione (GSH). C3G was not altered during transport and a GSH conjugate was not formed. Vesicles from yeast expressing AtABCC2 also transported flavone and flavonol glucosides. We performed ligand docking studies to a homology model of AtABCC2 and probed the putative binding sites of C3G and GSH through site-directed mutagenesis and functional studies. These studies identified residues important for substrate recognition and transport activity in AtABCC2, and suggest that C3G and GSH bind closely, mutually enhancing each other’s binding. In conclusion, we suggest that AtABCC2 along with possibly other ABCC proteins are involved in the vacuolar transport of anthocyanins and other flavonoids in the vegetative tissue of Arabidopsis.
Profiling and activity screening of Dammarane-type triterpen saponins from Gynostemma pentaphyllum with glucose-dependent insulin secretory activity
Authors: Lundqvist Lena C. E. , Rattigan Darren , Ehtesham Emad , Demmou Camila , Östenson Claes-Göran , Sandström Corine 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe global prevalence of type 2 diabetes is increasing rapidly; consequently there is great need for new and novel therapeutic options. Gynostemma pentaphyllum (GP) is a traditional medicinal plant, mainly present in Southeast Asian countries, that has been reported to exert antidiabetic effects, by stimulating insulin secretion. The specific compound responsible for this effect is however as yet unidentified. Screening for discovery and identification of bioactive compounds of an herbal GP extract, was performed in isolated pancreatic islets from spontaneously diabetic Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rats, a model of type 2 diabetes, and from non-diabetic control Wistar rats. From this herbal extract 27 dammarane-type saponins, including two novel compounds, were isolated and their structure was elucidated by mass spectrometry and NMR spectroscopy. One of the dammarane-type triterpenoid showed a glucose-dependent insulin secretion activity. This compound, gylongiposide I, displays unique abilities to stimulate insulin release at high glucose levels (16.7 mM), but limited effects at a low glucose concentration (3.3 mM). Further studies on this compound, also in vivo, are warranted with the aim of developing a novel anti-diabetic therapeutic with glucose-dependent insulinogenic effect.
Age-dependent changes in cardiac performance, motor function, QoL, and mental status in metoprolol-treated chronic heart failure patients
Authors: Shu Qiuhong , Wu Liyong , Zhang Ran , Zhang Qian , Huang Jingjing , Meng Yong 
Published: January 2019

AbstractNo previous study reports the effect of age on cardiac performance, motor function and quality of life (QoL) in Chinese chronic heart failure (CHF) patients. This single-center, prospective study enrolled CHF patients with resting heart rate (RHR) > 80 bpm, who were treated with metoprolol and were followed up at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months. Changes in cardiac, motor, and QoL parameters between patients aged ≥60 years and those aged <60 years were compared at all time points.P < 0.05 was considered significant. A total of 154 patients were enrolled (median age: 66.39 years; 116 aged ≥60 years, 38 aged <60 years; 95% New York Heart Association class III-IV). RHR decreased significantly in both patient groups (P < 0.0001 for both groups). Patients aged ≥60 years had a significant improvement in both ejection fraction (EF) at 6 and 12 months and in cardiac index (CI) at 3, 6, and 12 months. However, no major difference was observed in motor function in both groups. Significantly higher SF-8 scores showed greater improvement in QoL in the <60 age group at 12 months (P = 0.0008). Metoprolol demonstrated improvement in cardiac performance, motor function, QoL, and anxiety with increase in depression and burnout in both genders; however, the findings were independent of age.
Hippocampal gamma predicts associative memory performance as measured by acute and chronic intracranial EEG
Authors: Henin Simon , Shankar Anita , Hasulak Nicholas , Friedman Daniel , Dugan Patricia , Melloni Lucia , Flinker Adeen , Sarac Cansu , Fang May , Doyle Werner , Tcheng Thomas , Devinsky Orrin , Davachi Lila , Liu Anli 
Published: January 2019

AbstractDirect recordings from the human brain have historically involved epilepsy patients undergoing invasive electroencephalography (iEEG) for surgery. However, these measurements are temporally limited and affected by clinical variables. The RNS System (NeuroPace, Inc.) is a chronic, closed-loop electrographic seizure detection and stimulation system. When adapted by investigators for research, it facilitates cognitive testing in a controlled ambulatory setting, with measurements collected over months to years. We utilized an associative learning paradigm in 5 patients with traditional iEEG and 3 patients with chronic iEEG, and found increased hippocampal gamma (60–100 Hz) sustained at 1.3–1.5 seconds during encoding in successful versus failed trials in surgical patients, with similar results in our RNS System patients (1.4–1.6 seconds). Our findings replicate other studies demonstrating that sustained hippocampal gamma supports encoding. Importantly, we have validated the RNS System to make sensitive measurements of hippocampal dynamics during cognitive tasks in a chronic ambulatory research setting.
Single-step isolation of carbon nanotubes with narrow-band light emission characteristics
Authors: Turek Edyta , Shiraki Tomohiro , Shiraishi Tomonari , Shiga Tamehito , Fujigaya Tsuyohiko , Janas Dawid 
Published: January 2019

AbstractLack of necessary degree of control over carbon nanotube (CNT) structure has remained a major impediment factor for making significant advances using this material since it was discovered. Recently, a wide range of promising sorting methods emerged as an antidote to this problem, all of which unfortunately have a multistep nature. Here we report that desired type of CNTs can be targeted and isolated in a single step using modified aqueous two-phase extraction. We achieve this by introducing hydration modulating agents, which are able to tune the arrangement of surfactants on their surface, and hence make selected CNTs highly hydrophobic or hydrophilic. This allows for separation of minor chiral species from the CNT mixture with up to 99.7 ± 0.02% selectivity without the need to carry out any unnecessary iterations. Interestingly, our strategy is also able to enrich the optical emission from CNTs under selected conditions.
Robotik in der Pflege
Authors: Meißner Anne 
Published: January 2019

ZusammenfassungRoboter haben den Vorteil, dass sie keine Ansprüche stellen, rund um die Uhr im
Einsatz sein können und im besten Fall auch noch niedlich aussehen. Aber können
sie zuverlässig in der Pflege eingesetzt werden und Pflegende entlasten oder gar
ersetzen? Unsere Autorin gibt Antworten.
Endoscopic grading of gastric intestinal metaplasia (EGGIM): a multicenter validation study
Authors: Esposito Gianluca , Pimentel-Nunes Pedro , Angeletti Stefano , Castro Rui , Libânio Diogo , Galli Gloria , Lahner Edith , Di Giulio Emilio , Annibale Bruno , Dinis-Ribeiro Mario 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Background Random biopsies are recommended to identify individuals at risk of gastric adenocarcinoma. Cumulative evidence suggests that narrow-band imaging (NBI) can be used to grade gastric intestinal metaplasia (GIM). We aimed to externally validate a classification of endoscopic grading of gastric intestinal metaplasia (EGGIM).
Methods Consecutive patients in two centers were submitted to high resolution white-light gastroscopy followed by NBI to estimate EGGIM – a score (0 – 10) resulting from the sum of endoscopic assessments of GIM, scored as 0, 1, or 2 for no GIM, ≤ 30 %, or > 30 % of the mucosa, respectively, in five areas (lesser and greater curvature of both antrum and corpus, and incisura). If GIM was endoscopically suspected, targeted biopsies were performed; if GIM was not noticeable, random biopsies were performed according to the Sydney system to estimate the operative link on gastric intestinal metaplasia (OLGIM; the gold standard).
Results 250 patients (62 % female; median age 55 years) were included. GIM was staged as OLGIM 0, I, II, III, IV in 136 (54 %), 15 (6 %), 52 (21 %), 34 (14 %), and 13 (5 %) patients, respectively. All patients with GIM except three were identifiable with targeted biopsies. For the diagnosis of OLGIM III/IV, the area under the ROC curve was 0.96 (95 % confidence interval [CI] 0.93 – 0.98) and by using the cutoff > 4, sensitivity, specificity, and positive likelihood ratio were 89 %, 95 %, and 16.5, respectively; results were similar (91 %, 95 %, and 18.1) when excluding patients with foveolar hyperplasia.
Conclusions For the first time, an endoscopic approach was externally validated to determine the risk of gastric cancer without the need for biopsies. This can be used to simplify and individualize the management of patients with gastric precancerous conditions.
Arthroscopic Hemitrapeziectomy and Suture Button Suspensionplasty in the Treatment of First Carpometacarpal Joint Eaton–Littler Stage 2–3 Arthrosis
Authors: Özçelik İsmail , Uğurlar Meriç , Sarı Abdulkadir 
Published: January 2019

Background Degenerative arthritis of the first carpometacarpal (CMC) joint is a common degenerative condition in the hand. Many different surgical procedures have been applied for years. However, in the studies there is no consensus about the superiority of one technique to another.
Questions/Purposes In this study, we evaluated the results of the patients with first CMC Eaton–Littler stage 2–3 arthrosis who were operated to prevent first metacarpal joint lateral subluxation and migration with arthroscopic hemitrapeziectomy and suture button suspensionplasty.
Patients and Methods Between 2011 and 2014, 21 patients (16 female, five male) were evaluated retrospectively. Mean age was 52.3 years. The preoperative and postoperative assessments were performed with visual analog scale (VAS) and disabilities of the arm, shoulder, and hand score (DASH) scores. The Kapandji's thumb opposition score was used to assess thumb range of movement. The patients were assessed after arthroscopy according to Badia classification.
Results Mean follow-up period was 50.1 months. According to Badia classification, seven patients were found to be type 2 and 14 patients were type 3. The mean preoperative Kapandji's score was 7.6 and the mean postoperative Kapandji's score was 9.2. The mean VAS values were 8.2 preoperatively and 1.9 postoperatively. The mean preoperative DASH value was 23.4 and the mean postoperative DASH value was 5.5. The mean preoperative grip strength was 66.2 and the mean postoperative grip strength was 75.1. The mean preoperative pinch strength was 14.8 and the mean postoperative pinch strength was 20.2.
Conclusion Arthroscopic hemitrapeziectomy and suture button suspensionplasty is a minimal invasive technique and can be performed with low morbidity in the treatment of first CMC joint Eaton–Littler stage 2–3 arthrosis. By this technique, the patients' existing instability and pain problems can be solved. Complications, such as loosening of the suture button at the first metacarpal at the postoperative period due to direct trauma to the first CMC joint, could be avoided using a new suture button.
Type of Study/ Level of Evidence Therapeutic IV.
Modulation of tissue growth heterogeneity by responses to mechanical stress
Authors: Fruleux Antoine , Boudaoud Arezki 
Published: January 2019

Significance
The two hands of most humans almost superimpose. Likewise, flowers of an individual plant have similar shapes and sizes. This is in striking contrast with growth and deformation of cells during organ morphogenesis, which feature considerable variations in space and in time, raising the question of how organs and organisms reach well-defined sizes and shapes. To link cell and organ scales, we built a theoretical model of growing tissue with fiber-like structural elements that may account for animal cytoskeleton or extracellular matrix, or for the plant cell wall. We show that the response of fibers to growth-induced mechanical stress may enhance or reduce cellular variability of growth, making it possible to modulate the robustness of morphogenesis.
Robust predictions of specialized metabolism genes through machine learning
Authors: Moore Bethany M. , Wang Peipei , Fan Pengxiang , Leong Bryan , Schenck Craig A. , Lloyd John P. , Lehti-Shiu Melissa D. , Last Robert L. , Pichersky Eran , Shiu Shin-Han 
Published: January 2019

Significance
Specialized metabolites are critical for plant–environment interactions, e.g., attracting pollinators or defending against herbivores, and are important sources of plant-based pharmaceuticals. However, it is unclear what proportion of enzyme-encoding genes play a role in specialized metabolism (SM) as opposed to general metabolism (GM) in any plant species. This is because of the diversity of specialized metabolites and the considerable number of incompletely characterized pathways responsible for their production. In addition, SM gene ancestors frequently played roles in GM. We evaluate features distinguishing SM and GM genes and build a computational model that accurately predicts SM genes. Our predictions provide candidates for experimental studies, and our modeling approach can be applied to other species that produce medicinally or industrially useful compounds.
The Association between Medical Comorbidity and Healthcare Effectiveness Data and Information Set (HEDIS) Measures of Treatment Initiation and Engagement for Alcohol and other Drug use Disorders
Authors: Binswanger Ingrid A. , Carroll Nikki M. , Ahmedani Brian K. , Campbell Cynthia I. , Haller Irina V. , Hechter Rulin C. , McNeely Jennifer , Yarborough Bobbi Jo H. , Kline-Simon Andrea H. , Satre Derek D. , Weisner Constance , Lapham Gwen T. 
Published: January 2019

Background Medical comorbidity may influence treatment initiation and engagement for alcohol and other drug (AOD) use disorders. We examined the association between medical comorbidity and Healthcare Effectiveness Data and Information Set (HEDIS) treatment initiation and engagement measures. Methods We used electronic health record and insurance claims data from 7 US health care systems to identify patients with AOD use disorders between October 1, 2014, and August 15, 2015 ( N = 86,565). Among patients identified with AOD use disorders in outpatient and emergency department (ED) settings, we examined how Charlson/Deyo comorbidity index scores and medical complications of AOD use were associated with treatment initiation. Among those who initiated treatment in inpatient and outpatient/ED settings, we also examined how comorbidity and AOD use–related medical complications were associated with treatment engagement. Analyses were conducted using generalized estimating equation logistic regression modeling. Results Among patients identified as having an AOD diagnosis in outpatient and ED settings ( n = 69,965), Charlson/Deyo comorbidity index scores of 2 or more were independently associated with reduced likelihood of initiation (risk ratio [RR] = 0.80, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.74, 0.86; reference score = 0), whereas prior-year diagnoses of cirrhosis (RR = 1.25, 95% CI = 1.12, 1.35) and pancreatic disease (RR = 1.34, 95% CI = 1.15, 1.56) were associated with greater likelihood of initiation. Among those who were identified in outpatient/ED settings and initiated, higher comorbidity scores were associated with lower likelihood of engagement (score 1: RR = 0.85, 95% CI = 0.76, 0.94; score 2+: RR = 0.61, 95% CI = 0.53, 0.71). Conclusion Medical comorbidity was associated with lower likelihood of initiating or engaging in AOD treatment, but cirrhosis and pancreatic disease were associated with greater likelihood of initiation. Interventions to improve AOD treatment initiation and engagement for patients with comorbidities are needed, such as integrating medical and AOD treatment.
Factors Associated with Healthcare Effectiveness Data and Information Set (HEDIS) Alcohol and other Drug Measure Performance in 2014–2015
Authors: Weisner Constance , Campbell Cynthia I. , Altschuler Andrea , Yarborough Bobbi Jo H. , Lapham Gwen T. , Binswanger Ingrid A. , Hechter Rulin C. , Ahmedani Brian K. , Haller Irina V. , Sterling Stacy A. , McCarty Dennis , Satre Derek D. , Kline-Simon Andrea H. 
Published: January 2019

Background Only 10% of patients with alcohol and other drug (AOD) disorders receive treatment. The AOD Initiation and Engagement in Treatment (AOD-IET) measure was added to the national Healthcare Effectiveness Data and Information Set (HEDIS) to improve access to care. This study identifies factors related to improving AOD-IET rates. Methods We include data from 7 health systems with differing geographic, patient demographic, and organizational characteristics; all used a common Virtual Data Warehouse containing electronic health records and insurance claims data. Multilevel logistic regression models examined AOD-IET among adults (18+). Results A total of 86,565 patients had an AOD diagnosis qualifying for the HEDIS denominator. The overall initiation rate was 27.9% with wide variation; the overall engagement rate was 11.5% and varied from 4.5% to 17.9%. Women versus men (odds ratio [OR] = 0.81, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.76–0.86); Hispanics (OR = 0.85, 95% CI = 0.79–0.91), black/African Americans (OR = 0.82, 95% CI = 0.75–0.90), and Asian Americans (OR = 0.83, 95% CI = 0.72–0.95) versus whites; and patients aged 65+ versus 18–29 (OR = 0.82, 95% CI = 0.74–0.90) had lower odds of initiation. Patients aged 30–49 versus 18–29 (OR = 1.11, 95% CI = 1.04–1.19) and those with prior psychiatric (OR = 1.26, 95% CI = 1.18–1.35) and medical conditions (OR = 1.18, 95% CI = 1.10–1.26) had higher odds of initiation. Identification in primary care versus other departments was related to lower odds of initiation (emergency department [ED]: OR = 1.55, 95% CI = 1.45–1.66; psychiatry/AOD treatment: OR = 3.58, 95% CI = 3.33–3.84; other outpatient: OR = 1.19, 95% CI = 1.06–1.32). Patients aged 30–49 versus 18–29 had higher odds of engagement (OR = 1.26, 95% CI = 1.10–1.43). Patients aged 65+ versus 18–29 (OR = 0.51, 95% CI = 0.43–0.62) and black/African Americans versus whites (OR = 0.64, 95% CI = 0.53–0.77) had lower odds. Those initiating treatment in psychiatry/AOD treatment versus primary care (OR = 7.02, 95% CI = 5.93–8.31) had higher odds of engagement; those in inpatient (OR = 0.40, 95% CI = 0.32–0.50) or other outpatient (OR = 0.73, 95% CI = 0.59–0.91) settings had lower odds. Discussion Rates of initiation and engagement varied but were low. Findings identified age, race/ethnicity, co-occurring conditions, and department of identification as key factors associated with AOD-IET. Focusing on these could help programs develop interventions that facilitate AOD-IET for those less likely to receive care.