bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of thoracic vs lumbar spinal anaesthesia fo orthopaedic surgeries
Authors: Kour Loveleen , Wani Mushtaq Ahmed 
Published: May 2019

Background: Thoracic spinal anaesthesia has emerged as one of the most promising anaesthetic techniques in the recent times. On the other hand, lumbar approach has been the conventional choice for orthopaedic surgeries since the advent of spinal anaesthesia. This study aimed at determining which approach is better suited for orthopaedic surgeries.Methods: Total 60 patients scheduled for orthopaedic surgeries were divided into two groups : group T and group L. Group T patients were given thoracic spinal anaesthesia at the T9-T10 / T10-T11 interspace using 1.5 ml of hyperbaric bupivacaine 0.5% (5 mg/ml) + 25µg (0.5 ml) of fentanyl. Group L patients received 2.5 ml of hyperbaric bupivacaine 0.5% (5 mg/ml) + 25 µg (0.5 ml) of fentanyl at LI-L2/L2-L3 interspace. Authors evaluated the degree of analgesia and motor block, haemodynamics and neurological complications.Results: Onset of analgesia was faster in thoracic group - 2min. The duration of sensory and motor block was shorter in thoracic group. There were no significant differences in haemodynamic variables and respiratory parameters between the two groups and no neurological complication in any patient.Conclusions: Thoracic spinal anaesthesia is preferable to lumbar spinal anaesthesia for orthopaedic surgeries.
A model for the evaluation of competence-based learning implementation in higher education institutions: Criteria and indicators
Authors: Bezanilla María José , García Olalla Ana María , Paños Castro Jessica , Poblete Ruiz Manuel 
Published: May 2019

Almost twenty years after the Bologna Declaration was signed, the extent to which universities are embracing competence-based learning is a topic of much interest. This article presents a comprehensive model for the analysis of the implementation of competence-based learning (CBL) in Higher Education. An extensive bibliographic review was carried out on the concept of competence-based learning and on each of its constituent elements, with a view to proposing a model made up of seven dimensions and a set of evaluation criteria and indicators. The areas reviewed were the legal and administrative context, the institutional context, the degree programme planning process (including the individual modules/subjects within it), teaching practices and their assessment, and the review and improvement of the overall process. This explanatory model can be very useful to universities, particularly from Spain and Latin America, for assessing their level of implementation of competence-based learning, and identifying their strengths and areas for development.Received: 11 April 2019Accepted: 20 May 2019Published online: 29 May 2019
Molecular characterization of human isolates of Strongyloides stercoralis and Rhabditis spp. based on mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1)
Authors: Tehrani Mandana Fadaei , Sharifdini Meysam , Zahabiun Farzaneh , Latifi Robabeh , Kia Eshrat bigom 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Background: In microscopical examinations of stool samples, S. stercoralis may be miss-diagnosed with other nematodes infecting human digestive system, especially Rhabditis species that release larvae in stool samples. The aim of this study was molecular characterization and differentiation of human derived isolates of S. stercoralis and Rhabditis species based on the mitochondrial gene of cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) amplification. Methods: Using parasitological methods, ten isolates of S. stercoralis and three isolates of Rhabditis spp. were obtained from fresh stool samples of patients and the genomic DNA of the samples were extracted. PCR amplification of cox1 gene was carried out for all the isolates and the products were sequenced. Results: The phylogenetic analysis illustrated that S. stercoralis and Rhabditis spp. isolates were placed in two distinguishable separate clades. Inter-species genetic variation between isolates of S. stercoralis and Rhabditis spp. were ranged from 13.5 to 14.5%. Conclusions: Cox1 gene was a suitable marker for discrimination of S. stercoralis from Rhabditis spp. retrieved from human in the current study.
Anticipated HIV Stigma Among HIV Negative Men Who Have Sex with Men in China: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Liu Chuncheng , Zhang Ye , Pan Stepen W , Cao Bolin , Ong Jason J , Fu Hongyun , Wu Dan , Fu Rong , Wei Chongyi , Tucker Joseph D , Tang Weiming 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Background: Anticipated HIV stigma, i.e., the expectation of adverse experiences from one’s seroconversion, is associated with both negative psychological and behavioral outcomes. We know little about anticipated HIV stigma’s relationship with emerging technologies, such as HIV self-testing (HIVST) and online sex-seeking platforms, that have become popular among populations that are disproportionately affected by HIV/AIDS. This study examined correlates of anticipated HIV stigma among Chinese men who have sex with men (MSM).

Methods: In July 2016, MSM who were ≥ 16 years old and self-reported as HIV negative or unknown were recruited from a gay mobile phone application in China. Information regarding socio-demographics, sexual behaviors, sexual health service utilization, and anticipated HIV stigma were collected. Anticipated HIV stigma (i.e., negative attitude toward future stigmatization of HIV seroconversion by others) was measured as the mean score from a 7-item Likert-scale ranging from 1 (low) to 4 (high). Generalized linear models were conducted to examine the factors associated with the anticipated HIV stigma scores.

Results: Overall, 2006 men were recruited. Most men completed high school (1308/2006, 65.2%) and had an annual personal income of ≤ 9200 USD (1431/2006, 71.3%). The mean anticipated HIV stigma score for the participants was 2.98±0.64. Using social media to seek sexual partners was associated with higher anticipated HIV stigma (Adjusted β=0.11, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.05 to 0.17, p=0.001). HIV self-testing (Adjusted β=–0.07, 95%CI: -0.13 to -0.01, p=0.02) and having disclosed one’s sexual orientation to a healthcare provider (Adjusted β=-0.16, 95%CI: -0.22 to -0.96, p<0.001) were associated with lower anticipated HIV stigma.

Conclusion: Our data suggested that anticipated HIV stigma is still common among Chinese MSM not living with HIV. Tailored anti-HIV stigma campaigns on social media are especially needed, and promotion of HIVST may be a promising approach.
Self-Actualization, Psychological Well-Being and Daily Hassles during Adulthood
Authors: Savenysheva S. S. , Golovey L. A. , Petrash M. D. , Strizhitskaya O. Yu. 
Published: May 2019

The research featured the effect of experienced and daily hassles on self-actualization and psychological wellbeing in adolescents. The study involved 360 people: 126 men and 234 women aged 20–60 years. The experiment determined the level of experienced stress and daily hassles, as well as its separate types. The women demonstrated a significantly higher level. The greatest severity of daily hassles was observed in the sphere of work, well-being, family, and finance. A comparative analysis of the level of subjective and psychological well-being by gender revealed a significantly higher level of autonomy and competence in men. An analysis of the features of self-actualization showed that the male group had higher indicators of self-understanding, autonomy, ability to live in the present, and professional self-realization, if compared to women. The women demonstrated higher indicators of orientation to universal human values, a more positive view of human nature, and higher levels of creativity. An analysis of the relationship of psychological well-being, parameters of self-actualization and stress revealed their closer ties in women than in men. The level of experienced stress and daily hassles in men and women was related to competence, autosympathy, professional self-realization, life satisfaction, satisfaction of professional activities, and financial situation. In the male group, the level of daily hassles also depended on a positive view of human nature. The women stressed the importance of self-acceptance and satisfaction with communication with parents.
Syntactical Organization of Statements with Chains of Tactile Adjectives in Polymodal Perception
Authors: Ivanova E. V. 
Published: May 2019

The article deals with the syntactic organization of statements with chains of adjectives related to different modes of perception, namely: tactile adjectives and taste adjectives. Such groups of tactile adjectives as haptical, temperature, and hygrometric adjectives were investigated in the aspect of polymodality. Polymodality is manifested in the fact that while eating we feel the taste of the dish, as well as its temperature, softness, hardness, humidity, and other haptical and hygrometric characteristics. The research featured the syntactic organization of statements with two-element adjective chains. The research objective was to identify patterns in the arrangement of tactile adjectives in a chain of adjectives with taste adjectives. The article features some statistics of the use of certain chains of adjectives consisting of a tactile adjective and a taste adjective. A comparative analysis of various contexts of tactile adjectives and taste adjectives allowed the author to deduce some rules of their arrangement, namely: in the vast majority of cases, tactile adjectives (temperature and haptic) are on the first place in the chain, which indicates that touch is the dominant modality compared with taste. The arrangement of hygrometric adjectives in a chain with taste adjectives depends on the situation in which the process of perception takes place. The variation of the arrangement of adjectives in a chain is due to the subjectivity of perception and cognitive emphasis. When deriving grammar rules, it is necessary to take into account not only the regularities listed in the article, but also deviations from them.
Zooarchaeological Collection from Bolshepichuginsky Kurgan Burial Mound (According to the Excavations in 2013–2016)*
Authors: Onischenko S. S. , German P. V. , Devyashin M. M. , Sidelnikova A. N. 
Published: May 2019

Numerous animal remains are part of burial practice in Tagar culture, therefore researches conducted to determine anatomic, specific, and age structure of zooarchaeological assemblages in certain tombs and whole cemeteries, their peculiarities and comparative analysis. The paper features an analysis of the faunistic collections from the kurgan burial mound of Tagar culture Bolshepichugino I (VI century – C.E.). In total, 75 samples from kurgan 13 were described and 2192 – from kurgan 16 have. The zooarchaeological assemblages consist of remains of a horse, cattle, and sheep, fox, doe, Asian badger, mountain hare, and birds. The peculiarities of the associated food were determined (scapula, 3–4 ribs, femur, and tibia of cattle and sheep). The use of right parts of animal bodies is discussed in the context of burial practice in the Early Tagar period. Remains of young animals (younger than 1 year) were also found in the materials. It is supposed that the burial mounds were made in winter time. Some domestic and wild bone assemblages located in different places of the kurgans are considered to belong to another period and culture or zoogenic processes. A special attention is paid to the doe and fox remains in the tombs since their carcasses might have been used in burial rituals. In total, the composition and specifics of zooarchaeological materials make it possible to speak about similarity of forest-steppe and steppe early Tagar assemblages in this aspect of burial practice.
Ceramic Complex of the Neolithic Camp Ekidin 24
Authors: Shevnina I. V. 
Published: May 2019

The camp Ekidin 24 is located in the southern part of the Turgai Depression (Northern Kazakhstan, Kostanay region). The monument was explored by the Turgai archeological expedition in the 1989 field season. The present research featured the ceramic complex of camp Ekidin 24. The research objective was to study technological aspects in the manufacture of ceramic vessels of the Ekidin potters. An important aspect of the work is the generalization of all currently known camp data. The ceramic collection of the Ekidin 24 camp consists of 48 fragments, including 6 fragments of the upper parts of vessels with a grooved neck, one fragment of a vessel bottom, and 38 fragments of vessel walls. All fragments of ceramics from the Ekidin 24 camp were subjected to a technical and technological analysis. The study employed petrographic analysis and binocular microscopy. The initial raw material of the Ekidin potters was iron clay (iron hydroxides, such as hematite and magnetite), or hydromica. A formula of molding mass was revealed: clay + organic (wool) + chamotte. The Ekidin 24 camp is the reference monument of the Mahanjar culture of the Turgai Depression. The age of Mahanjar finds is determined primarily on the analogies with early Neolithic monuments of the Central Asian interfluves as late 7,000 – 5,000 B.C. The obtained radiocarbon dates indicate 6,000 B.C. Mahanjar-like Ceramics are still represented by single fragments outside the Turgai Depression and, as a rule, are not recognized by researchers as Mahanjar. We can confidently say that the Mahanjar culture is not an isolated phenomenon, and the identification of new Mahanjar sites in different regions of the steppe and forest-steppe Eurasia is only a matter of time.
The Risk Factors of Auto-Destructive Behavior in Adolescents
Authors: Evseenkova E. V. 
Published: May 2019

The research features modern domestic and foreign fundamental approaches to self-destructive behavior and suicidal risk. The author adduces the data on the structure of suicidal risk, its affective, cognitive, and behavioral characteristics. The paper also describes the concept of increasing potential risk factors and predicates presented by M. D. Rudd, as well as an analysis of the theory of suicidal barometer developed by K. M. Harris, J. J. Syu, O. D. Lello, Y. L. Chew, C. H. Willcox, and R. H. Ho. It also features situational and personal factors of suicidal risk, both potential and actual. The paper focuses on predictors of the genesis and development of predisposition to auto-destructive behavior in adolescents.The research objective was to study the characteristics of risk factors of autodestructive behavior in adolescents. The sample group included 116 participants, 14–16-year-old students of 9–10 grades. The author described situational and personal risk factors of auto-destructive behavior in adolescents. They revealed a correlation between personal relations with inner circle and neighborhood society, as well as affective, cognitive, and behavioral personality factors of autodestructive risk.
Topical Betamethasone Valerate and Calcipotriol Ointments for the Therapyof Mild and Moderate Psoriasisvulgaris: A Randomized, Comparative Study
Authors: Imran Sana , Jahan Sarwat , Sair Mohammad 
Published: May 2019

To determine the effectiveness of both topically applied Betamethasone valerate and Calcipotriol ointments for the therapy of mild and moderate types of psoriasis. This comparative study was conducted in Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre, Karachi in the Pharmacology and Therapeutics department of BasicMedical Science Institute (BMSI). In 90 days study, 80 patients of mild and moderate psoriasis vulgaris were placed into A and B groups. The Betamethasone valerate treated patients were placed in group A while Calcipotriol treated patients were placed in group B; 40 patients in each group. The Psoriasis AreaSeverity Index (PASI criterion) was used to observe improvement in psoriatic patients taking these drugs. In this randomized and comparative study, psoriasis severity was checked by Psoriasis Area Severity Index (PASI). At day 90 Calcipotriol treated group B patients showed more improvement in mean PASI score ascompared to Betamethasone valerate treated group A patients. In PASI score, Calcipotriol shows 71.61% betterment whereas Betamethasone vale rate shows 63.2% betterment in mild psoriatic patients. In PASI score, Calcipotriol shows 69.21% betterment whereas Betamethasone valerate shows 60.44% betterment inmoderate psoriatic patients. In Pakistani population topically applied Calcipotriol ointment was more efficacious in the treatment of mild and moderate types of psoriasisvulgaris when compared to topically applied Betamethasone valerate ointment.
Comparison of Sustained Natural Apophyseal Glides and Maitland Manual Therapy in Non-Specific Neck Pain on Numeric Pain Rating Scale and Neck Disability Index
Authors: Tanveer Fahad , Afzal Adnan , Adeel Muhammad , Shahid Sana , Masood Maham 
Published: May 2019

Incidence of neck pain is increasing day by day due to changed, sedentary, non-ergonomic environment and life style. This becomes the reason of an increased load of human resource and cost. To shed this load of resources and cost, it’s essential to sort out means which give real relief to this increasinglysignificant problem. To compare outcomes of sustained natural apophyseal glides (SNAGs) versus Maitland manual therapy in improving non-specific neck pain. It was a quasi-experimental study design. The study was conducted in Chaudhary Muhammad Akram, Teaching & Research Hospital, Lahore and SuriyaAzeem Teaching Hospital, Lahore within six months from June 2015 to December 2015. A total of 75 subjects with non-specific neck pain using non-probability convenience sampling technique who fulfilled the specific inclusion and exclusion criteria were randomly allocated to three groups; group 1 received SNAGs,group 2 Maitland mobilization and group 3 conventional treatment. Baseline, post-intervention and follow up readings were taken through numeric pain rating scale (NPRS) for pain intensity, neck disability index (NDI) for functional status,goniometer for range of motion and manual muscle testing for muscle strengthof neck. The subject in each group were given twelve sessions, with three sessions a week. Data were analyzed through statistical package of social sciences (SPSS) 21. The results of each group showed pre-treatment pain intensity for group 1 was 7.04+1.338 that changed to 3.52+0.714 and for group 2 it was changed from 7.52+0.872 to 5.16+0.850 and 7.16+0.943 to 5.12+0.781 for group 3. The NDI score for group 1, 2 and 3 were 31.56+5.560, 25.040+7.086 and 25.560+5.477 that were changed to 13.120+2.759, 16.360+2.899 and 12.600+2.020 respectively. The one way ANOVA test compared mean of three groups and p-value for painintensity after treatment was p=0.000 and for functional status p=0.000. The study showed that SNAGs mobilization was more effective in the management of non-specific neck pain and also conventional treatment improved functional status of neck than Maitland mobilization.
Safety Profile for Evaluation of Berberine in Sprague- Dawley Rats: Effects on Renal, Liver and Myelopoietic Functions
Authors: Anwar Attia , Malik Sajida , Usman Zobia , Chiragh Sadia 
Published: May 2019

The study was designed to investigate the effect of berberine toxicity on liver enzymes, renal function, serum uric acid and blood cell counts of Sprague-Dawley rats. For this purpose, twenty Sprague-Dawley rats were divided in two groups. Group A (n=10) was given distilled water and Group B (n=10) wassupplemented berberine hydrochloride with dose of 75 mg/kg body weight/day. 24 weeks post-treatment, blood samples were collected by cardiac puncture from both groups and tested for Hb (%), WBC, RBC and platelet counts, SGPT, alkaline phosphatse, serum uric acid, blood urea and serum creatinine. All thenumerical data were expressed as mean± SD. The values in two groups were analyzed with help of unpaired t-test. A p-value ˂ 0.05 was considered significant. After 24 weeks of treatment with berberine hydrochloride, no significant differences were observed in Hb%, platelet count, liver enzymes and RFTs between twogroups. There was a significant increase in RBC count and reduction in serum uric acid and WBC count in experimental group as compared to control group. There were no significant untoward effects of berberine on platelet count, LFTs and RFTs of Spargue-Dawley rats except neutropenia.
Serum Immunogllobulin G Levels in Graves’ disease Patients at Various Stages of Antithyroid Therapy
Authors: Kousar N , Tayyab M , Ditta A , Kamal F , Chaudhary SN 
Published: May 2019

Thirty six patients with Graves’ disease (GD), diagnosed on the basis of clinical examination and appropriate laboratory tests were classified into three groups (A-C): Group A: twelve newly diagnosed Graves’ disease patients; Group B: twelve hyperthyroid Graves’ disease patients on Antithyroid drug therapy and Group C: twelve Graves’ disease patients who had been rendered cuthyroid with Antithyroid drug (ATD) therapy, Serum lgG was determined by radial immunodiffusion method using commercially available kits (The Binding Site UK). The mean lgG in newly diagnosed patients with GD (Group A) was 18.78±1.81. It was 22.75 ± 1.89 in hyperthyroid GD patients on drug therapy (Group B), 14.3±0.8 in GD patients who were rendered euthyroid with drug therapy (Group C) and 11.85±0.72 in normal controls. The lgG level of group A patients were not significantly different from those of Group B. However, the levels of lgG and lgA were significantly low in group C Graves’ disease patients as compared to group A patients. A significant reduction in lgG LEVEL IN Graves’ disease patients who were rendered cuthyroid after Antithyroid drug therapy as compared to newly diagnosed Graves’ disease patients indicate the immunosuppressive effect of Antithyroid drug therapy.
Entre “verdadeiros apóstolos”: uma educadora brasileira no Congrès International d’Éducation Nouvelle (Locarno – 1927)
Authors: Mignot Ana Chrystina , Pires Raquel Lopes 
Published: May 2019

Muitas são as motivações para viajar: descobrir lugares somente imaginados, viver experiências inusitadas, estreitar laços ou encontrar novos interlocutores, por exemplo. Como tantos outros viajantes, os educadores igualmente têm seus motivos para atravessar distâncias, conhecer e se fazer conhecer. Também são muitos os modos de perscrutar viagens de educadores. Todos eles exigem compreender o sujeito que viaja, o contexto da travessia, o destino escolhido, as redes estabelecidas e as repercussões da viagem. Este é o exercício que pretendemos realizar neste texto, que se detém na viagem da educadora católica Laura Jacobina Lacombe a Locarno, Suíça, em 1927, quando representou a Associação Brasileira de Educação (ABE) no IV Congrès International d’Education Nouvelle, evento que objetivou propagar os princípios da educação moderna, e, em particular, o tema da liberdade que amalgamava as preocupações centrais. Para tanto, elegemos como fio condutor o relatório que apresentou ao regressar da viagem, que funciona como um testemunho do visto e vivido, permitindo interpretar a importância de sua participação no diálogo que se instituía entre educadores brasileiros e estrangeiros que gravitavam em torno do Institut Jean-Jacques Rousseau e que se desdobrou em novas viagens e trocas sobre os modelos pedagógicos em construção.