bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spectroscopic, Structural and Antibacterial Activity of Mixed Ligand Complexes from Schiff Base with Anthranilic Acid
Authors: Abdulkarem Lekaa k. , Mahdi Saba H. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Mixed ligand complexes included Schiff base derivative ligand (L1) have been produced by condensed {3-amino-1-phenyl-2-pyrazolin-5-one (APO)}with o-phathalaldehyde and anthranillic acid (L2) with some transition metal ions. Diagnosis of prepared ligand (L1) by 1HNMR, mass spectroscopy, (CHN) elemental analysis and UV-Visible. The complexes were typified by molar conductance, UV-Visible, FTIR, atomic absorption, magnetic susceptibility and elemental analysis techniques. Octahedral geometry are suggested for the metal complexes based on the analytical studies. All these compounds were determined a against with two type of bacteria; Gram positive and Gram negative.
Study some biochemical parameters in pregnant women with hypertension
Authors: Kareem Hamzah Sundus 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
This study includes a comparison among some important biochemical changes in the hypertensive pregnant women and normotensive pregnant women during different periods of pregnancy. Blood samples were collected from. (60).hypertensive pregnant and(30) normotensive pregnant(control group;G3) from different departments of AL-Diwaniyah hospital in Iraq. The hypertensive pregnant women were divided into two groups according to the trimester of pregnancy,G1 refers(the first twelve weeks) andG2refers(twenty eight weeks) of pregnancy.Serum was analyzed for alkaline phosphatase(ALP),Total protein, Total cholesterol and serum calcium. The results showed significant differences(p<0.05) in serum ALP activity between hypertensive pregnant during the first trimester(16 ± 2.1K.A.U/100ml) and(8 ± 0.3K.A.U/100ml). While the hypertensive women during the third trimester was showed (30 ± 5.5K.A.U/100ml) a significant increase (P<0.05) compared to the other two groups. It was also found that non-significant differences(p<0.05) in the serum total proteinactivitybetween hypertensive pregnant women(G1,7.3 ± 1.2gm/dl) and(G2,7.0 ± 1.3gm/dl) than control group(G3) and was showed significant differences(p<0.05) in the serum total cholesterol between(G1(186 ± 22gm/dl), G2(218 ± 11.5mg /dl) andG3(controlgroup(150 ± 11.3mg/dl)). Thewith G3(2.2 ± 0.5mmol/l) as a control. Whereas, there were non-significant differences betweenG1(3.5 ± 0.7mmol/l) compared withG2(2.4 ± 0.6mmol/l) evaluation of calcium level also expressed significant differences in G1(3.5 ± 0.7mmol/l) compared
Synthesis and Characterization of new Manganese(II), Cobalt(II), Cadmium(II) and Mercury(II) Complexes with ligand [N-(3-acetylphenylcarbamothioyl)-2-chloroacetamide] and their Antibacterial Studies
Authors: Waheed E J , Farhan M A , Hameed G F 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Addition chloro acetyl isothiocyanate (C3H2ClNOS) with 3-Aminoaceto phenone (C8H9NO) to prepare a fresh Ligand [N-(3-acetyl phenyl carbamothioyl)-2-chloroacetamide](L). The ligand (L) behaves as bidentate coordinating through O and S donor with metal ions, the general formula of all complexes [M(L)2(Cl)2](M+2 = Manganese(II), Cobalt(II), Cadmium(II) and Mercury(II)). Compounds were investigation by Proton-1, Carbon -13 NMR spectra (ligand (L) only), Element Microanalysis for C, N, H, O, S, Fourier-transform infrared, UV visible, Conductance, Magnetic susceptibility and Atomic Absorption (A.A). Based on spectral data, complexes appear octahedral geometry. The anti-bacterial activity of the complexes against two type of bacterial was higher than for free ligand.
On the soft multi fundamental group
Authors: Kadhem H H 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The theory of soft set is one of the most important method in solving uncertainties in various real-life problems. The main aim of this paper is to define soft multi fundamental group. The notion of soft multi group, soft multi path, soft multi loop, and soft multi homotopy are to be introduced and their basic properties are also to be investigated. Further, the concept of soft multi homeomorphism is introduced. Added to, we established certain properties and operations on soft multi fundamental group.
On strongly continuous ρh-semigroup
Authors: Hamza Geem Methaq 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
In this paper, we introduce a semi group which it constructs the solution of the partial differential equation as the form:

ρ
(
t
)

ρ
′

(
t
)

∂
u
(
t
,
x
)

∂
t

=

h
(
t
)

h
′

(
t
)

∂
u
(
t
,
x
)

∂
x

,

h
(
0
)
=
1
,

ρ
(
0
)
=
1

First, we introduce the operator theory and the fundamental theorems of the semigroup and certain notions of strongly continuous operators. These concepts are particular types of operator semigroups of functional analytic Using functional analytic tools and methods from ergodic theory, we describe various features of the On strongly continuous ρh -semigroup
Best simultaneous approximation in weighted space
Authors: Adnan Auad Alaa , Hussein Abdulsttar Ali 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The aim of this article is to establish some results of best simultaneous approximation of unbounded functions {α1, α2, …, α
n
} in weighted space L
γ,p
(Ω) by given two different definitions and considered the relation between best simultaneous approximation and best approximation of this functions in L
γ,p
(Ω).
Numerical Analysis of Indirect Optical Initiation of PETN
Authors: Chesnokov A A , Kuratov S E 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
This paper deals with the numerical simulation of indirect optical initiation of explosives. The numerical simulation in the work was based on a physico-mathemat-ical model that has been shown to successfully describe the direct laser ignition of PETN in optical detonator and the shock-wave ignition of porous PETN. Obtained numerical results are in good agreement with experimental data.
Application of the finite volume method for the standard ballistic model aerodynamics calculations
Authors: Yatsukhno D S 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The present paper contains the results of the aerodynamics and gas dynamics calculations of HB–1 standard ballistic model performed by the UST3D code. There were the following test cases for the numerical simulations. At first, the computations were conducted for the different Mach numbers at the various angles of attack. At second, the effect of the tetrahedron grid elements number on the flow field and aerodynamics coefficients was estimated. At last, the different approaches to the decay of discontinuity investigation were applied. The comparisons between the experimental data and results of calculations are also presented.
Parameters of the air flow formed by the interchangeable nozzles with the transformed critical part
Authors: Ivanov I A , Kotov M A , Kryukov I A , Ruleva L B , Solodovnikov S I , Surzhikov S T 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The results of studies of the nozzle block functioning with interchangeable nozzles at the hypersonic aerodynamic shock tube (HAST) are presented. Air flow parameters from the elongated nozzle and of variety of critical cross-sections of the inlet of the nozzle were calculated. The dependence of the influence of the nozzle critical section size on the uniformity of incoming flow and speed was shown. The calculated pressure values were compared with those measured experimentally at the nozzle exit cut and at different distances from it.
Study of arc discharges on the P-2000 facility
Authors: Glinov A P , Golovin A P , Kozlov P V , Shaleev K V , Lyubimov G A 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
A brief review of experimental and theoretical studies of electric arc discharges and related plasma flows conducted at the P-2000 experimental setup since 2010 is presented. The main attention is paid to long discharges in open air between graphite electrodes of various shapes, both rod and plate. By optimizing the size and shape of the anode, it was possible to ensure stable burning modes of extended (up to 30 cm) electric arcs.
Unstable modes of oscillations of a tangential discontinuity in partly ionized plasma with charge exchange: long waves
Authors: Chalov S V 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAn analytical study of linear unstable modes of oscillations of a tangential velocity discontinuity in partly ionized space plasma with charge exchange is carried out.The long-wave approximation is considered. In this approximation, the scale of perturbations is much larger than a certain characteristic size, which is determined by the charge-exchange cross-section and number density of neutral atoms. It is shown that along with the classical Kelvin – Helmholtz instability, there exists an unstable mode whose increment does not depend explicitly on the relative velocity of the two media separated by the discontinuity. The presence of this mode is entirely determined by the presence of the charge-exchange process.
Features of the rarefied gas description in terms of a distribution function
Authors: Prozorova E V 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The aim of the paper is to determine the relationship of the classical model for describing a rarefied gas using the distribution function and its discrete representation. Here we study the role of discreteness in the description of a medium in the kinetic theory and the interrelation between interaction of the discreteness and the “continuity” of a media. The question of the relationship between the discreteness of a medium and its description with the help of continuum mechanics is important both when processing experimental data and when going from a continuum model to discrete one in mechanics and physics. There are many studies devoted to the influence of the transition from a continuous to discrete medium in computational mathematics, but there is no study of inverse processes. The work related to the formulation of conservation laws as conditions of the equilibrium of forces and moments of forces, as well as the action of additional flows on the sides of an elementary volume, was carried out earlier. After refinement, non -symmetric stress tensor was obtained. The method for calculating this tensor was proposed. The equations for a gas were found from the modified Boltzmann equation and from the phenomenological theory. Inaccuracy leading to the symmetry of the stress tensor arises when calculating the Lagrange function of particles as the sum of pairwise interacting particles and the unchanged position of the inertia system center.
Modeling the dynamics of a gas-droplet substance in nozzles, taking into account the phase transition
Authors: Nazarov V S , Ivanov I E , Kryukov I A , Gidaspov V Y 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The paper studies the process of cluster formation, condensation and evaporation in a viscous flow of a two-phase gas-droplet mixture in nozzles and free jets. The simulation results obtained using the gas-kinetic scheme and the method of moments are presented. The system of equations is solved with the second order accuracy finite volume method and using the approximate AUSM+up or HLL methods for solution of the Riemann problem.
Gasdynamic effects in optical discharges produced by periodic pulse femtosecond laser
Authors: Yu Lavrentyev S , Solovyov N G , Shemyakin A N , Yu Yakimov M 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Quasi-stationary gas streams in argon (10 bar) were observed for the first time being generated by periodic-pulse optical discharge produced by laser pulses of less than 500 fs pulse length with energy up to 200 μJ/pulse and repetition rate 1.66÷10 kHz. Optical discharge was obtained in laser beam focused by off-axis (90°) parabolic mirror. In experiments the shape of the discharge zone was varied accordingly to the laser beam waist shapes varied from astigmatic to non-aberrated ones depending on the parabolic mirror tilt. Intense convective streams flowing out of the discharge volume were observed by schlieren technique. The gas streams produced could be directed normally to the laser beam axis, at some angle to the beam axis or along the beam axis toward the laser or in opposite direction. It was found that the directions of the streams produced, dynamics of their formation and their intensity were governed by the shape of the discharge zone. It was revealed that most intense and fast forming streams produced were directed normally to the laser beam axis. Two opposite streams are induced by the discharge located in astigmatic beam waist in a form of flattened “disk” ∼10 μm thick and ∼100 μm wide. The streams were directed normally to the “disk” surfaces. The energy spent on the gas flow acceleration was estimated to be up to 30% of thermal component of energy dissipated in plasma. When the focusing mirror was aligned to get no astigmatism, the gas flow generated was directed along optical axis toward the laser or backward in some cases. Refraction of the incident laser beam on the refraction index gradients of heated and excited gas injected by backward stream was followed by oscillations of the discharge zone location and generated stream direction. Discharge became stable when the gas streams were co-directional, normal or angled to the laser beam. Further studies are required to define mechanisms and possible applications of the phenomena observed.
Numerical Simulation of the Normal Glow Discharge for Conditions of the Experimental Research at Low Distance between Plane Electrodes
Authors: Surzhikov S T 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Two-dimensional drift-diffusion calculation model of charged particles in a normal glow discharge between plane disc electrodes is presented. The verification of the created computational model has been performed using the experimental data on a normal glow discharge between flat electrodes with distance H=1 cm. Results of numerical simulation and initial experimental data are presented for the pressure of p = 5 Torr and emf of power supply in the region of 1000 ÷ 1750 V. The sensitive of the computational models to its internal half-empirical parameters are analysed on the example of volt-ampere characteristics.Introduction
The lower limits of the fast ionization waves velocity in a high-intensity laser radiation field
Authors: Budnik A P , Sipachev A V 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The kinetic processes before the front of an ionizing wave in a gas are investigated. The lower limits of the propagation velocity of a plane ionization wave in the field of high-intensity laser radiation are determined. The results of calculations of the lower boundaries of the velocity of fast ionization waves in argon in the field of a CO2-laser are given. The calculation results are compared with experimental data and other theories.
Non-Euclidean Geometry and Defected Structure for Bodies with Variable Material Composition
Authors: Lychev S A , Kostin G V , Lycheva T N , Koifman K G 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
In the paper the relationship between pure geometrical concepts of the theory of affine connections, physical concepts related with non-linear theory of distributed defects and concepts of non-linear continuum mechanics for bodies with variable material composition is discussed. Distinguishing feature of the bodies with variable material composition is that their global reference shapes can not be embedded into Euclidean space and have to be represented as smooth manifolds with specific (material) connection and metric. The method for their synthesis based on the modeling of additive process are proposed. It involves specific boundary problem referred to as evolutionary problem. The statement of such problem as well as illustrative exact solutions for it are obtained. Because non-Euclidean connection is rarely used in continuum mechanics, it is illustrated from the perspective of differential geometry as well as from the point of view, adopted in the theory of finite incompatible deformations. In order to compare formal structures defined within the models of solids with variable material composition with their counterpart in non-linear theory of distributed defects, a brief sketch for latter is given. The examples for cylindrical and spherical non-linear problems are presented. The correspondences between geometrical structures that defines material connection, fields of related defect densities and evolutionary problems for bodies with variable material composition are shown.
Numerical Simulation of Penning Gas Discharge in 2D/3D Setting
Authors: Rokhmanenkov A S , Kuratov S E 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
This work presents a numerical simulation of the Penning discharge in 2D/3D formulation. The simulation is based on the electrostatic particle method in cells using structured rectangular grids and implemented in the VSim software package. To simulate the kinetic processes in a gas-discharge plasma, the Monte-Carlo collision method was used. The calculations were carried out for several sets of chemical kinetics reactions, and their comparison is given. Various characteristics of the Penning discharge in 2D and 3D formulation were calculated, such as anodic/cathodic currents, the distribution of charged particles in space and energies, etc. A comparison of the simulation results with experimental data was observed.
Numerical Simulation of Electrodynamic Structure of Penning Discharge in Large Volume Discharge Chamber with Annular Anode
Authors: Dikalyuk A S 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
In the study numerical simulation of electrodynamic structure of Penning gas discharge formed in large volume discharge chamber with annular anode is performed. For numerical modelling computer code implementing two dimensional axisymmetric electrostatic particle-in-cell method on unstructured grids is used. Computer simulation results of the Penning gas discharge in He under pressure 3·10−4 - 9·10−4 mbar, anode voltage 1-2 kV in the presence of external magnetic field B∼0.1 T are provided. Comparison of numerical and experimental results is performed.
Calculation of the Fraction of Atomic Hydrogen in the Penning Discharge Plasma using the PIC-MCC Method
Authors: Gumennov V O , Dikalyuk A S 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
In this paper, the process of dissociative ionization is incorporated into the existing model of Penning discharge in molecular hydrogen. The analysis of studies for the selection of effective cross-sections for this process is performed. The results of calculations with the following parameters are given: working gas - H2, p = 0.8 mTorr, V = 600 V, B = 200-500 G. Comparison of calculated relative shares of atomic and molecular ions with experimental data obtained at the University of California, Berkeley has been performed.
Abnormal Glow Discharge between Two Electrodes on Plane with Transverse Magnetic Field
Authors: Surzhikov S T 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Surface glow discharge in the abnormal mode of its burning at pressure 5 Torr is numerically studied at a voltage drop of ∼650 V between electrodes, located on plate surface at a distance of 2 cm. The drift-diffusion two-dimensional model of gas discharge plasma is used for the description of electrodynamic parameters of the discharge. It is shown that external transverse magnetic field of induction about 0.2 T occurs significant influence on the gas discharge plasma configuration, squeezing or expanding electric current channel between electrodes depending on the magnetic field polarization. Two-dimensional fields of electrodynamic functions, such as the volume concentrations of charged particles, electric potential and the force lines of electric field strength without and with external magnetic field are presented and analyzed.
Burning rate of solid homogeneous energetic materials with a curved burning surface
Authors: Rashkovskiy S.A. , Krupkin V.G. , Marshakov V.N. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
We study experimentally the combustion of a double-based solid propellant NB at a pressure of p = 1 bar, and show that combustion occurs in the cellular-oscillating mode: combustion occurs in the form of separate cells that periodically appear on the burning surface, move along it and disappear. We show that in this mode, a carbonized skeleton is formed on the burning surface, consisting of products of incomplete decomposition of propellant. This skeleton is associated with the burning surface and plays an important role in maintaining the cellular-oscillating mode of combustion of the double-based propellant. To explain the experimental data, we consider a combustion model with a curved burning surface. We show that the burning rate depends on the curvature of the burning surface: with increasing curvature of the burning surface, the local burning rate decreases and combustion becomes impossible if the nondimensional radius of curvature (Michelson-Markstein criterion) of the burning surface becomes less than some critical value. The calculated critical value of the Michelson-Markstein criterion is in good agreement with that obtained in experiments. Using the developed model of combustion of solid homogeneous energetic materials (SHEMs) with a curved burning surface, we calculate the critical combustion diameter of various SHEMs and the shape of stationary cells on the burning surface. The critical combustion diameters of various SHEMs calculated in this way we compare with the available experimental data. A good agreement between the theory and experiments was obtained.
Numerical testing of the similarity conditions for the induction plasmatrons
Authors: Vasilevskii S A , Kolesnikov A F , Bryzgalov A I , Yakush S E 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Detailed comparison of numerical results obtained for IPG−4 plasmatron (base case), IPG − 3H hypothetical plasmatron and IPG − 3 real plasmatron is provided to estimate the accuracy of the similarity conditions and the applicability of that conditions for the pair of IPG − 4 and IPG − 3 plasmatrons. IPG − 3H hypothetical plasmatron is geometrically similar to IPG − 4 one and has twice larger dimensions. The operating regime of IPG − 3H is obtained from the IPG − 4 operating regime with use of the similarity conditions for the operating parameters. The operating regime of IPG − 3 real plasmatron is the same as for IPG − 3H. Vortical electric field generated by the inductor coils with high frequency current around the discharge channel is calculated with use of 2D model with far field boundary conditions. This calculation is integrated with the solver for Navier-Stokes equations for plasma flow. The comparison of IPG − 4 and IPG − 3H results shows about 4÷7% accuracy of the similarity conditions for main plasma parameters. The comparison of IPG − 4 and IPG − 3 results shows that application of the similarity conditions for this case provides a qualitative agreement but the quantitative difference in some parameters may be large, up to 35÷40%.
Experiment Study on Sound Properties of Carbon Fiber Composite Material
Authors: Yan Zhong , Pu Zhou , Haijun Feng , Yi Zhang 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
In this paper, the sound absorption coefficient and transmission loss of carbon fiber composite material are tested by stand wave tube equipment, and the factors affecting the performance of the carbon fiber composite material are analyzed. The results show that the sandwich structure can effectively improve the sound absorption coefficient and transmission loss; increasing material thickness appropriately can also improve acoustic performance of the carbon fiber composite material. The carbon fiber composite material with reasonable structure design can be used as acoustic material in the field of vibration and noise reduction.