bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stent-assisted coiling of cerebral aneurysms: multi-center analysis of radiographic and clinical outcomes in 659 patients
Authors: Mokin Maxim , Primiani Christopher T , Ren Zeguang , Piper Keaton , Fiorella David J , Rai Ansaar T , Orlov Kirill , Kislitsin Dmitry , Gorbatykh Anton , Mocco J , De Leacy Reade , Lee Joyce , Vargas Machaj Jan , Turner Raymond , Chaudry Imran , Turk Aquilla S 
Published: September 2019

IntroductionThe endovascular stent-assisted coiling approach for the treatment of cerebral aneurysms is evolving rapidly with the availability of new stent devices. It remains unknown how each type of stent affects the safety and efficacy of the stent-coiling procedure.MethodsThis study compared the outcomes of endovascular coiling of cerebral aneurysms using Neuroform (NEU), Enterprise (EP), and Low-profile Visualized Intraluminal Support (LVIS) stents. Patient characteristics, treatment details and angiographic results using the Raymond–Roy grade scale (RRGS), and procedural complications were analyzed in our study.ResultsOur study included 659 patients with 670 cerebral aneurysms treated with stent-assisted coiling (NEU, n=182; EP, n=158; LVIS, n=330) that were retrospectively collected from six academic centers. Patient characteristics included mean age 56.3±12.1 years old, female prevalence 73.9%, and aneurysm rupture on initial presentation of 18.8%. We found differences in complete occlusion on baseline imaging, defined as RRGS I, among the three stents: LVIS 64.4%, 210/326; NEU 56.2%, 95/169; EP 47.6%, 68/143; P=0.008. The difference of complete occlusion on 10.5 months (mean) and 8 months (median) angiographic follow-up remained significant: LVIS 84%, 251/299; NEU 78%, 117/150; EP 67%, 83/123; P=0.004. There were 7% (47/670) intra-procedural complications and 11.5% (73/632) post-procedural-related complications in our cohort. Furthermore, procedure-related complications were higher in the braided-stents vs laser-cut, P=0.002.ConclusionsThere was a great variability in techniques and choice of stent type for stent-assisted coiling among the participating centers. The type of stent was associated with immediate and long-term angiographic outcomes. Randomized prospective trials comparing the different types of stents are warranted.
Development of a clinical tool to aid endotracheal tube size selection in dogs
Authors: Haider Georg , Lorinson Karin , Lorinson Dragan , Auer Ulrike 
Published: September 2019

ObjectiveTo identify phenotypic parameters correlating with the inner tracheal diameter (ITD) and endotracheal tube size (ETS) in adult dogs and to develop a chart for ETS estimation.MethodsFive‐hundred and forty‐four adult dogs; 100 dogs were enrolled prospectively and 444 dogs retrospectively. Different phenotypic parameters, the ITD on latero‐lateral radiography and ETS were prospectively measured in dogs that underwent general anaesthesia. The parameter correlated best with the ITD was used to develop a graphic chart for ETS estimation. The accuracy of this chart was then retrospectively tested.ResultsIn prospective cohort, the correlation between body size and body mass and ITD (r=0.85 and r=0.84) was good, and the highest correlation observed between ETS and body mass (rs=0.92, P<0.001). In the retrospective assessment, the mean difference between the predicted and used ETS was 0.0 (sd±0.84) for mesocephalic/dolicocephalic (MDC) dogs, showing high accuracy, but for brachycephalic dogs, it was 1.3 (sd±0.98).ConclusionA graphic chart for ETS selection in dogs, using body mass, was designed in this study and was demonstrated to be accurate for ETS prediction in MDC dogs but not in brachycephalic dogs.
Chromosomal Instability and mTORC1 Activation through PTEN Loss Contribute to Proteotoxic Stress in Ovarian Carcinoma
Authors: Chui M. Herman , Doodnauth Sasha A. , Erdmann Natalie , Tiedemann Rodger E. , Sircoulomb Fabrice , Drapkin Ronny , Shaw Patricia , Rottapel Robert 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

High-grade serous ovarian carcinoma commonly arises from fallopian tube secretory epithelium and is characterized by a high level of chromosomal instability. To model the acquisition of aneuploidy during early carcinogenesis, chromosome missegregation was induced in immortalized tubal epithelial cells, which proved acutely detrimental to cellular fitness. The phenotype was characterized by accumulation of misfolded proteins, activation of the unfolded protein response (UPR), decreased protein synthesis, and enhanced vulnerability to proteasome inhibition. However, chromosome missegregation also resulted in heightened transformation potential, assessed by colony formation in soft agar. Ovarian cancer cells retained intrinsic sensitivity to proteasome inhibitors under adherent culture conditions, but acquired resistance as spheroids (recapitulating their native configuration in ascites) by downregulating protein synthesis via mTORC1 suppression. Loss of PTEN drove constitutive mTORC1 activity, enhanced proteotoxic stress, as evidenced by UPR induction, and resensitized tumor spheroids to proteasome inhibition both in vitro and in vivo. In cohorts of primary ovarian carcinomas, mTORC1 and UPR signaling pathways were closely associated. These results implicate attenuation of protein synthesis as a protective mechanism in tumor spheroids, which may explain the overall poor response to bortezomib in clinical trials of patients with advanced ovarian cancer. However, patients with PTEN-deficient tumors may represent a subpopulation potentially amenable to treatment with proteasome inhibitors or other therapeutic agents that disrupt protein homeostasis.

Significance:
Chromosome instability and protein synthesis are important factors that determine the efficacy of proteotoxic stress-inducing agents, such as proteasome inhibitors, in the treatment of ovarian cancer.
Myeloid-Derived Suppressive Cells Promote B cell–Mediated Immunosuppression via Transfer of PD-L1 in Glioblastoma
Authors: Lee-Chang Catalina , Rashidi Aida , Miska Jason , Zhang Peng , Pituch Katarzyna C. , Hou David , Xiao Ting , Fischietti Mariafausta , Kang Seong Jae , Appin Christina L. , Horbinski Craig , Platanias Leonidas C. , Lopez-Rosas Aurora , Han Yu , Balyasnikova Irina V. , Lesniak Maciej S. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The potent immunosuppression induced by glioblastoma (GBM) is one of the primary obstacles to finding effective immunotherapies. One hallmark of the GBM-associated immunosuppressive landscape is the massive infiltration of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) and, to a lesser extent, regulatory T cells (Treg) within the tumor microenvironment. Here, we showed that regulatory B cells (Breg) are a prominent feature of the GBM microenvironment in both preclinical models and clinical samples. Forty percent of GBM patients (n = 60) scored positive for B-cell tumor infiltration. Human and mouse GBM-associated Bregs were characterized by immunosuppressive activity toward activated CD8+ T cells, the overexpression of inhibitory molecules PD-L1 and CD155, and production of immunosuppressive cytokines TGFβ and IL10. Local delivery of B cell–depleting anti-CD20 immunotherapy improved overall survival of animals (IgG vs. anti-CD20 mean survival: 18.5 vs. 33 days, P = 0.0001), suggesting a potential role of Bregs in GBM progression. We unveiled that GBM-associated MDSCs promoted regulatory B-cell function by delivering microvesicles transporting membrane-bound PD-L1, able to be up-taken by tumoral B cells. The transfer of functional PD-L1 via microvesicles conferred Bregs the potential to suppress CD8+ T-cell activation and acquisition of an effector phenotype. This work uncovered the role of B cells in GBM physiopathology and provides a mechanism by which the GBM microenvironment controls B cell–mediated immunosuppression.
See related Spotlight on p. 1902
Biallelic Variants in
ASNA1
, Encoding a Cytosolic Targeting Factor of Tail-Anchored Proteins, Cause Rapidly Progressive Pediatric Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Verhagen Judith M.A. , van den Born Myrthe , van der Linde Herma C. , G.J. Nikkels Peter , Verdijk Rob M. , Kivlen Maryann H. , van Unen Leontine M.A. , Baas Annette F. , ter Heide Henriette , van Osch-Gevers Lennie , Hoogeveen-Westerveld Marianne , Herkert Johanna C. , Bertoli-Avella Aida M. , van Slegtenhorst Marjon A. , Wessels Marja W. , Verheijen Frans W. , Hassel David , Hofstra Robert M.W. , Hegde Ramanujan S. , van Hasselt Peter M. , van Ham Tjakko J. , van de Laar Ingrid M.B.H. 
Published: September 2019

Background:
Pediatric cardiomyopathies are a clinically and genetically heterogeneous group of heart muscle disorders associated with high morbidity and mortality. Although knowledge of the genetic basis of pediatric cardiomyopathy has improved considerably, the underlying cause remains elusive in a substantial proportion of cases.

Methods:
Exome sequencing was used to screen for the causative genetic defect in a pair of siblings with rapidly progressive dilated cardiomyopathy and death in early infancy. Protein expression was assessed in patient samples, followed by an in vitro tail-anchored protein insertion assay and functional analyses in zebrafish.

Results:

We identified compound heterozygous variants in the highly conserved
ASNA1
gene (arsA arsenite transporter, ATP-binding, homolog), which encodes an ATPase required for post-translational membrane insertion of tail-anchored proteins. The c.913C>T variant on the paternal allele is predicted to result in a premature stop codon p.(Gln305*), and likely explains the decreased protein expression observed in myocardial tissue and skin fibroblasts. The c.488T>C variant on the maternal allele results in a valine to alanine substitution at residue 163 (p.Val163Ala). Functional studies showed that this variant leads to protein misfolding as well as less effective tail-anchored protein insertion. Loss of
asna1
in zebrafish resulted in reduced cardiac contractility and early lethality. In contrast to wild-type mRNA, injection of either mutant mRNA failed to rescue this phenotype.

Conclusions:

Biallelic variants in
ASNA1
cause severe pediatric cardiomyopathy and early death. Our findings point toward a critical role of the tail-anchored membrane protein insertion pathway in vertebrate cardiac function and disease.
Pharmacological Modulation of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Reverses Thrombotic Stroke tPA (Tissue-Type Plasminogen Activator) Resistance
Authors: Peña-Martínez Carolina , Durán-Laforet Violeta , García-Culebras Alicia , Ostos Fernando , Hernández-Jiménez Macarena , Bravo-Ferrer Isabel , Pérez-Ruiz Alberto , Ballenilla Federico , Díaz-Guzmán Jaime , Pradillo Jesús M. , Lizasoain Ignacio , Moro María A. 
Published: September 2019

Background and Purpose—
Recanalization of the occluded artery is a primary goal in stroke treatment. Unfortunately, endovascular treatment is not always available, and tPA (tissue-type plasminogen activator) therapy is limited by its narrow therapeutic window; importantly, the rate of early arterial recanalization after tPA administration is low, especially for platelet-rich thrombi. The mechanisms for this tPA resistance are not well known. Since neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) have been implicated in this setting, our aim was to study whether NET pharmacological modulation can reverse tPA resistance and the role of TLR4 (Toll-like receptor 4), previously related to NET formation, in thrombosis.

Methods—
To this goal, we have used a mouse photothrombotic stroke model, which produces a fibrin-free thrombus composed primarily of aggregated platelets and thrombi obtained from human stroke patients.

Results—
Our results demonstrate that (1) administration of DNase-I, which promotes NETs lysis, but not of tPA, recanalizes the occluded vessel improving photothrombotic stroke outcome; (2) a preventive treatment with Cl-amidine, impeding NET formation, completely precludes thrombotic occlusion; (3) platelet TLR4 mediates NET formation after photothrombotic stroke; and (4) ex vivo fresh platelet-rich thrombi from ischemic stroke patients are effectively lysed by DNase-I.

Conclusions—
Hence, our data open new avenues for recanalization of platelet-rich thrombi after stroke, especially to overcome tPA resistance.
Meteorological Connectivity from Regions of High Biodiversity within the McMurdo Dry Valleys of Antarctica
Authors: Katurji M. , Khan B. , Sprenger M. , Datta R. , Joy K. , Zawar-Reza P. , Hawes I. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractMeteorological connectivity between biological hot spots of the McMurdo Dry Valleys (MDVs) of Antarctica is thought to play a role in species distribution and abundance through the aeolian transport of bioaerosols. Understanding the potential role of such meteorological connectivity requires an understanding of near-surface wind flow within and between valley airsheds. To address this, we applied Lagrangian wind trajectory modeling to mesoscale (spatial resolution of ~1 km) weather model output to predict connectivity pathways, focusing on regions of high biodiversity. Our models produce maps of a likelihood metric of wind connectivity that demonstrate the synoptic and mesoscale dependence of connections between local, near-local, and nonlocal areas on wind transport, modulated by synoptic weather and topographic forcing. These connectivity areas can have spatial trends modulated by the synoptic weather patterns and locally induced topographically forced winds. This method is transferrable to other regions of Antarctica for broader terrestrial, coastal, and offshore ecological connectivity research. Also, our analysis and methods can inform better placement of aeolian dust and bioaerosol samplers in the McMurdo Dry Valleys, provide preliminary guidelines behind the meteorological controls of sediment transport and smaller particle distribution, and present quantifiable knowledge informing new hypotheses around the potential of wind acting as a physical driver for biological connectivity in the MDVs.
Hip fractures following denosumab discontinuation: three clinical cases reports
Authors: Sosa Henríquez Manuel , Gómez de Tejada Romero María Jesús , Escudero-Socorro María , Torregrosa Suau Oscar 
Published: September 2019

Summary A significant loss of bone mineral density and the appearance of multiple vertebral fractures after discontinuation of denosumab treatment have been described. To date, no hip fractures have been reported. We present three cases of patients who suffered femoral fractures after denosumab suppression.
The Impact of Financial Crises on the Asset Allocation: Classical Theory Versus Behavioral Theory
Authors: Harzallah Amen Aissi , Abbes Mouna Boujelbene 
Published: September 2019

The aim of this article is to compare the portfolio optimization generated by the behavioral portfolio theory (BPT) and the mean variance theory (MVT) by investigating the impact of the global financial crisis on the asset allocation. We use data from the Canadian Stock Exchange over the 2002–2015 period. By comparing both approaches, we show that for any level of aspiration and admissible failure, the BPT optimal portfolio will always contain a part of the mean–variance frontier. Thus, in the case of higher degree of risk aversion induced by typical BPT investors, the security set is located on the upper right of the Markowitz frontier. However, even if the optimal portfolios of MVT and BPT may coincide, MVT investors associated with an extremely low degree of risk aversion will not systematically choose BPT optimal portfolios. Our results also indicate the period of financial crisis generate huge losses in MVT portfolio values that implies a lower expected return and a higher level of risk. Furthermore, we point out the absence of the BPT optimal portfolio when potential losses are higher during the 2008 global financial crisis. JEL: G11, G17, G40
Antidepressant-like effect induced by P2X7 receptor blockade in FSL rats is associated with BDNF signalling activation
Authors: Ribeiro Deidiane E , Müller Heidi K , Elfving Betina , Eskelund Amanda , Joca Samia RL , Wegener Gregers 
Published: September 2019

Background: P2X7 receptors (P2X7R) are ligand-gated ion channels activated by adenosine 5’-triphosphate (ATP), which are involved in processes that are dysfunctional in stress response and depression, such as neurotransmitter release, and neuroimmune response. Genetic and pharmacological inhibition of the P2X7R induce antidepressant-like effects in animals exposed to stress. However, the effect of P2X7R antagonism in an animal model of depression based on selective breeding has not previously been studied, and the mechanism underling the antidepressant-like effect induced by the P2X7R blockade remains unknown. Aims: The present study aimed to: (1) determine whether P2X7R blockade induces antidepressant-like effects in the Flinders Sensitive Line (FSL) rats and, (2) investigate whether brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) signalling in the frontal cortex and hippocampus is involved in this effect. Methods: FSL and the control Flinders Resistant Line (FRL) rats were treated with vehicle or the P2X7R antagonist A-804598 (3, 10 or 30 mg/Kg/day) for 1 or 7 days before being exposed to the forced swim test (FST). After the behavioural test, animals were decapitated, their brains were removed and the frontal cortex, ventral and dorsal hippocampus were dissected for BDNF signalling analysis. Results: We found that repeated treatment with A-804598 (30 mg/Kg) reduced the immobility time in the FST and activated the BDNF signalling in the ventral hippocampus of FSL rats. Conclusions: P2X7R blockade induces an antidepressant-like effect associated with increased levels of BDNF-AKT-p70 S6 kinase in the ventral hippocampus, which may be mediated by tropomyosin-related kinase B (TRKB) receptor activation supporting the notion of P2X7R antagonism as a potential new antidepressant strategy.
The Polish Underground Home Army (AK) and the Jews: What Postwar Jewish Testimonies and Wartime Documents Reveal
Authors: Zimmerman Joshua D. 
Published: September 2019

This article is part of the special cluster titled Conceptualizations of the Holocaust in Germany, Lithuania, Poland, and Ukraine since the 1990s, guest edited by Grzegorz Rossoliński-Liebe. The attitude of the Polish Home Army (AK) to Nazi exterminationist policies is among the most controversial topics of wartime Polish–Jewish relations. Scholarly studies appearing since the 1980s have reconstructed the Home Army’s complex local and national organizations, its many sub-divisions and departments, its policies and objectives, as well as its sacrifice in the Warsaw Uprising of August–September 1944. In this article, I will analyze Holocaust survivor testimonies as a source for evaluating the attitude and behavior of the Home Army towards the Jews during the Second World War. Archival repositories used will include testimonies preserved at the Jewish Historical Institute in Warsaw, the Yad Vashem Archives in Jerusalem, the Fortunoff Archive for Holocaust Testimonies at Yale, and the Shoah Foundation Visual Archive at the University of Southern California. I will demonstrate that the widely held view in collective Jewish memory and Jewish historiography that the Home Army was hostile is largely confirmed by these sources. At the same time, however, the same sources reveal that a substantial minority of the testimonies—approximately 30 percent—tells stories of a Home Army that rescued and protected Jews. The second part of this article compares testimonies to the documentary record, asking whether or not the behavior of the Home Army as a whole reflected the experience of Jews as reflected in postwar testimonies. The article will give more concrete form to the debate over the Polish underground’s attitude and behavior towards the Jews during the Second World War.
The Holocaust in Lithuania: The Key Characteristics of Its History, and the Key Issues in Historiography and Cultural Memory
Authors: Stasiulis Stanislovas 
Published: September 2019

This article is part of the special cluster titled Conceptualizations of the Holocaust in Germany, Lithuania, Poland, and Ukraine since the 1990s, guest edited by Grzegorz Rossoliński-Liebe. The Holocaust is the darkest page of Lithuanian history: Nearly the whole Jewish community in Lithuania was destroyed, while a part of ethnic Lithuanians participated in this destruction. This article discusses three layers and periods of the Holocaust in Lithuania that have made a considerable impact on the perception of this traumatic period in Lithuanian society. The first period deals with the Lithuanian–Jewish relations during the German occupation in Lithuania (1941–1944). The second one is related to the Soviet reoccupation of Lithuania and discussions among Lithuanian émigrés in the West (1944–1990), which shaped the history of the Holocaust in Lithuania from the ideological (Soviet) and defensive (Lithuanian émigré) perspectives. The final part of this article discusses the historiography and Holocaust memory in independent Lithuania after the 1990s. Almost thirty years of independence mark not only the re-creation of some old myths and stereotypes in Lithuania, but also new groundbreaking and open discussions in society, concerning the perception of this dark page of Lithuanian history.
Child and Adolescent Psychiatry International Relations (CAPIR): building bridges for psychiatry workforce capacity with Pacific Island nations
Authors: Kowalenko Nick , Chang Odille , Hagali Monica , Allen Myrielle , Obed Jimmy , Bush Alistair , Robertson Paul 
Published: September 2019

Objective: To describe the span of work of child and adolescent psychiatrists in Australia and New Zealand in recent years aimed at collaborative efforts to build mental health capacity in the Pacific Island nations of Fiji, Samoa, Cook Islands, Tonga, Kiribati, Vanuatu, Solomon Islands and Papua New Guinea. Method: Steps taken to coordinate resourcing, networking, delivery of appropriate initiatives, establishing and maintaining key relationships with partners are described. Results: Engagement with Pacific nations mental health professionals, ministries of health, NGOs, universities, multilateral agencies and professional and international organisations has expanded and strengthened since 2013. Conclusions: Planned and staged implementation of initiatives can harness RANZCP (and its faculties and interest groups) goodwill to effectively contribute to psychiatry and mental health capacity building in partnerships with Pacific Island nations to address mental health needs over the life-span.