bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Non-Stationary Process of Heat-Mass Exchange of Liquefied Methane in a Cryogenic Fuel Tank of Automotive and Tractor Equipment
Authors: Didmanidze O N , Hakimov R T , Silla S A 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
This science article presents the competitive advantages of liquefied natural gas as a motor fuel used in internal combustion engines. Block diagram of interrelation of the influence of construction of aggregates, mechanisms and systems with the purpose of increasing the energy-efficient work of a gas engine is presented. Special attention in article is devoted to the research of critical parameters of pressure and temperature of liquefied methane in the mixture, with associated gases that are in a small fraction, as well as the determination of the heat capacity in the free-cooling mode of the fuel supply system of the gas engine and the cryogenic tank in the filled state in a special thermal insulation. Determination of the critical pressure and temperature parameters is considered under the condition that methane flows in a special round tube to supply gas in a two-phase form to the engine for further conversion of thermal energy to mechanical.
Features of the Natural and Anthropogenic Fluxes of Heavy Metals Formation and Assessment of Cleansing Ability of Northern European Territory of Russia Mouth Rivers
Authors: Zimovets A A , Ovsepyan A E 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The Northern Dvina River estuary is characterized by specific natural conditions (long cold winters, short cool summers, podzolic type of soil formation, high waterlogging (up to 20%) and high forest cover (about 80%) of the territory), the influence of tidal and wind waves of the White Sea, providing deep penetration into the delta river of salt water, as well as significant anthropogenic influence on the part of the enterprises of pulp and paper industry and forestry, thermal power engineering, etc., located in the cities of Arkhangelsk, Novodvinsk and Severodvinsk. All this has a significant impact on the formation of concentrations and fluxes of heavy metals in the study area. The following balance sheet components are actively involved in heavy metal transport: precipitation (solid and liquid), soils and vegetation; river water (water, suspended matter and bottom sediments); hydrobionts; groundwater; and industrial discharges and emissions. Natural and anthropogenic flows of heavy metals were calculated, and the cleaning capacity of the Northern Dvina River estuary was estimated. On the basis of the obtained data, a conceptual balance model was developed, which describes the processes of transfer of heavy metals between the studied components.
Preservation of Regional Biodiversity Associated with Gold Deposits Development in the Khabarovsky Krai (Based on Mammals Population)
Authors: Tagirova V T , Pushkina E A 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
There are presented the results of the field research of biodiversity and the wildlife state in the aspect of the study of fauna and population of mammals in the land allotment of the exploitable Albazino deposit in the P. Osipenko Municipal District of the Khabarovsky Krai in July-August, 2017. The field surveys of the territory for identification of common and Red Book species of animals were carried out to ensure their safety. The species composition and the numerical vertebrate animals assessment within the land allotment have been studied. The problem of possible preservation of fauna and animal population in connection with precious metal commercial development was researched. The recommendations for preservation of numerically predominant, rare and very rare species of the animal world having significant biocenotic importance in the nature and for a human being have been developed.
Reduction of Pipeline Natural Frequencies by Negative Stiffness Vibration Isolators
Authors: Tokarev A , Zotov A , Valeev A 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The paper is devoted to the problem of reduction of vibration level of pipelines, caused by resonance with the disturbing frequency of pumping units. The causes of large vibrations of main pump units piping and its influence to the level of the pump unit oscillations are analyzed. The source of increased vibration exposure in the “pump - pipe” system is often not only the pump unit, but pump piping also. Piping of the pumping unit in case of its operating parameters changing can be entered to resonance. It is offered to use disk springs with negative stiffness area for vibration isolation. Pipeline in this case acts as a “stabilizer” for a vibration isolator with negative stiffness. Analytical calculations and experiment have been made to prove the effectiveness of proposed solution.
Wastewater Treatment Using Plant Waste as Adsorbents
Authors: Sivolobova N , Gracheva N , Zheltobryukhov V 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Adsorbents obtained from waste of plant origin are capable of replacing the traditional sorbents for removing of heavy metal ions from wastewater. The raw materials for the production of these sorbents are the chemically modified sunflower husks, as well as husk waste after industrial extraction of melanin. Experimentally determined the adsorption capacities and removal efficiency for copper and iron ions. Depending on the concentration, adsorption capacities varied from 5 to 25 mg of metal per gram of adsorbent. The use of the proposed adsorbents can also solve the problem of utilization of sorption material waste. The plant basis, and the neutral pH (in the order of 6-7) allows for the spent sorbents to be introduced into the soil as a component of the system of trace elements containing copper and iron.
The Technological Solution for Management of Toxic Wastes Accumulated in the Last Century (on the Example of the Closed Mining Enterprise in the Primorsky Krai)
Authors: Krupskaya L T , Mazur E A , Yu Filatova M 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Natural-mining technogenic systems formed within the boundaries of the tailings toxic waste impact of the closed Khrustalnensky GOK mining enterprise (the Primorsky Krai) were the object of research. The article presents the data of the long-term researches of the problem for development of technological solution of the accumulated mineral processing toxic wastes management. Exposed to weathering and transformation into new forms, they migrate with groundwater and air flows, having negative impact on ecosphere and human being. Considering this, the aim of the research was to substantiate the need to develop a technological solution for the management of toxic wastes based on the assessment of the present state of the technogenic system and modeling to develop a new technology of liquidation of accumulated environmental damage of the past operation of the former Khrustalnenskiy GOK mining enterprise. Based on the aim of the study, a fundamental research task was established. It includes the scientific basis of assessment and prognosis of environment situation adverse changes. It is established that the technological solution of toxic mining wastes management is based on the results of experimental researches, proposed criteria and principles of ecological rehabilitation of the tailings surface, mining-environmental monitoring of environment objects changes, mathematical modeling of transfer and accumulation of toxic waste technogenic pollution, based on the fundamental principles of hydraulics and engineering hydrology, updating and developing the database of mining and environmental monitoring of ecosystems within the tailings impact boundaries, with regard to the calculation of the pollutants dispersion in the biosphere in the GIS MapInfo-6.0 format.
Optimization Method of the Multimodal Transportation on the Base of Dijkstra’s Algorithm
Authors: Kornilov S N , Deev E A , Lukyanov J I 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The issues and main problems of the organization of multimodal transportation in Russia are considered in this article. A new method of the optimization of the described cargo transportation is proposed. The advantage of this method is the development of the mathematical model on the base of Dijkstra’s algorithm that could select the most rational variant of the container cargo transportation. The target function of the mathematical model is represented – costs saving of the cargo delivery. Algorithms of the modal operation and software product. The approbation of the method for the certain case of the final products shipping to a consumer is implemented.
Determination of Dependence of Equivalence Ratio on the Air Gap of the Medium Pressure Injection Gas Burner
Authors: Sviridov I E , Shmatov D P , Zubarev K V 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
In this work, a series of calculations of a complete premixing injection gas burner with various air gap widths with ANSYS Fluent software was performed. A natural gas fired injection gas burner is used as a heat source as a part of a thermoelectric generator. Assuming that the gas-air mixture flow is one-dimensional and axisymmetric, the issues were solved in axisymmetric setting, taking into account the gas compressibility. In the performance of a task, a set of assumptions was made: k-epsilon realizable model was picked as turbulence model with scalable wall functions; the flow in the ejector, mixing chamber and diffuser is subsonic; the pressure of the injected air was set to atmospheric pressure; pressure at the inlet to the gas burner is subcritical (≤ 86 kPa for methane). Based on the calculations represented above, the dependence of the equivalence ratio on the air gap width was determined.
Assessment of Spatial and Temporary Features of Distribution of Natural and Man-Made Emergency Situations on the Territory of Siberian Federal District
Authors: Ignateva A V , Knaub R V 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
This paper dissects the current spatial and temporary distribution patterns of emergencies in constituent entities of Siberian Federal District. It dissects the economic, social and environmental situation in these entities. The article contains information about the spatial structure of natural and man-made emergencies which happened in Siberian Federal District is provided. The research presents a method to analyse subjects of Siberian Federal District for the first time. Methods of research includes information about transport, protection from natural disaster, environmental stress and others. The article gives information about natural and man-made emergencies from 2000 to 2013 years is given and is divided by different social situations in each regions.
Magnesium-Containing Slurry as Technogenic Alternative Raw Material for Magnesium Oxychloride Cement
Authors: Lipunov I N , Pervova I G 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
It has been shown experimentally that a waste of magnesium metal production is a realistic alternative to naturally occurring cement raw materials. The waste is the carnallite slurry forming during the chlorination stage. The slurry contains magnesium oxide (MgO) and magnesium chloride (MgCl2) in a mass ratio close to their optimal ratio when preparing Sorel cement. It is found that the magnesium oxide in the slurry is highly reactive. MgO extracted from the slurry and MgCl2 solution are mixed forming homogeneous magnesium oxychloride cement (MOC) paste in which bonding crystalline structures typical for Sorel cement are formed during hardening.
Wave Equation in the Formulation of the Cauchy Problem with Respect to Spatial Variables for the Prediction of Catastrophic Events
Authors: Chanyshev A I , Efimenko L L , Frolova I V 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
To determine a priori the unknown structure of the Earth and the forecast of catastrophic events such as earthquakes, it is suggested to apply the formulation of the Cauchy problem when both the Cauchy stress vector and the displacement vector as a function of the boundary and time coordinates t are given on the same surface. The advantages of this formulation are demonstrated by the example of the solution of the dynamic problem for a semi-infinite rod where there are no initial conditions along the entire length of the rod, and only Cauchy conditions at the end of the rod imitating the Earth’s surface are given. To construct a finite-difference scheme with the second order of approximation accuracy, both the Cauchy conditions and the wave equation are used at the end of the rod. The calculated dependences of displacements, displacement velocities along the rod, comparison of numerical and analytical solutions are given.
Use of Volumetric Soil Crushing Coefficient for Evaluation of Mechanical Action
Authors: Alekseev V V , Vasiliev S A , Petrov A A , Philippov V P 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The soil hardness is one of the most important indicators, which makes it possible to estimate the soil layer as the root germination medium and choose one or another method of tillage or the depth of tillage. Due to its informative value, the hardness is used to obtain information about the quality of the performance of cultural-technical and agricultural operations. The main difficulties hindering the objective quantification and comparison of results is a strong influence on the measurement results of the plunger immersion velocity, as well as its shape and cross section. Therefore, the hardness values in the form in which they are currently used represent difficult to compare data, which strongly depend on the human factor and require the elimination of a number of significant flaws. The objectivity of soil impact assessment is significantly increased when using the volumetric soil crushing coefficient instead of the hardness, which in most cases is devoid of the listed drawbacks. The volumetric soil crushing coefficient is quickly and easily measured by hardness diagrams. The assessment of the impact from the machinery on soil compaction according to the volumetric soil crushing coefficient was carried out on light gray forest, dark gray forest and derno-podzolic soils of the Kanash District of the Chuvash Republic.
Toolkit for Assessing and Forecasting the Level of Mineral Resources in the Context of Rational Subsoil Use
Authors: Gerashchenkova T M , Dadykin V S , Dadykina O V 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
In modern economic conditions, regions need to find new drivers of investment growth in order to maintain sustainable development. In this regard, the problem of information security of the subsoil use management at the federal, regional and municipal levels is of particular relevance. It should be noted that in recent years a large number of problems has accumulated in the field of management of mineral resources potential, as one of the most important elements of national economic security. One of the most acute problems in this area is almost complete lack of tools for assessing and forecasting the level of mineral resources potential in the context of rational subsoil use, especially in terms of information on the subsoil use of common minerals. The authors consider an approach to develop appropriate tools in the form of an information system of geological and economic monitoring in order to improve the socio-economic efficiency of the subsoil management, including common minerals.
Development Methodology of Light Commercial Vehicles Designing with Considering End-of-Life Vehicles Recycling Requirements
Authors: Gagunov S A , Groshev A M , Belyakov V V , Porubov D M , Beresnev P O 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The experience of European recycling industry shows that modern recovery technologies provide economically effective recycling process of vehicles. However, automotive recycling is still not a financially independent industry. To obtain high level of efficiency requirements for recycling must be taken into account on earlier stages of vehicle design. This paper is dedicated to light commercial vehicles (LCV) design process with taking into account requirements for recycling, recovery and reuse. An analysis of Russian and foreign legislation in the field of automotive recycling is presented. As one of the most important result of the work a methodology of LCV design with taking into account requirements for recycling was created. The methodology includes engineering and economical analysis that provides possibility to achieve the highest results for each specific new type of vehicle as well as to justify the use of non-metallic components. A calculation of recycling rates is presented as an example. In order to reduce labor intensity and speed up the dismantling process a simulation of dismantling was performed with an analysis of trajectories and spent time for each component considered for dismantling.
Accidents and Injury Rates Reduction in Petroleum Industry based on the Development and Implementation of the Automated Complex for the Employees’ Professional Competences Assessment
Authors: Glebova E V , Volokhina A T , Vikhrov A E 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
One of the major factors making a negative impact on the conditions of industrial safety in the Russian Federation is the insufficient skill and personnel training level. In this research we have implemented an integrated approach to the assessment of the professional competencies of employees, which is providing a traditional assessment of professional knowledge and skills, as well as the identification of the professionally important qualities (attention, memory, a tendency to risk, etc.) and its level of development. For this purpose, we have for the first time developed the automated complex of assessment and improvement of employees’ professionally important qualities (PIQ). On the one hand, the application of this complex decreases a probability of accidents’ emergence, due to the increase of efficiency in the procedure of compulsory education and examination of industrial safety requirements of employees, and on the other hand, it reduces the extent of damage in the accidents by increasing the personnel readiness for localization actions. The main advantages of the developed automated complex are its systematic character both at the level of the software product and at the substantial level. An author’s algorithm is used to calculate the integrated assessment of readiness for work in maintenance and repair of hazardous production facilities; it is based on the analysis of diagnostic information.
New Results of the Method of Medium-Term Seismic Forecasting LURR (on the Example of New Zealand)
Authors: Zakupin A S , Kamenev P A 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThis paper is devoted to the method of strong earthquakes prediction based on the analysis of seismic catalogues with involvement of the Coulomb-Mohr’s criteria and basic laws of linear theory of elasticity. This method is well-known as LURR (load-unload response ratio). Inherently, it allows to identify attainment of the deformation process of the phase when medium response to loading can be no longer linear (predestruction). The technique has been successfully applied in Sakhalin and in the present work its capabilities were tested in the new conditions. The research is based on New Zealand seismic catalog with (Mw > 3). We have considered retrospective seismic events related to time and space distribution.
Plastics Biodestruction under the Impact of Caves Micromycetes
Authors: Mazina S E , Egorov M I , Harlamova M D 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The article is devoted to the analysis of the plastics biodegradation rate under the impact of micromycetes. Three types of widespread soil micromycetes were selected for the experiments. The strains of thermotolerant micromycetes (optimum growth at a temperature of 12-25°C) isolated from karst caves were used. Penicillium chrysogenum, was highlighted with gypsum sinter deposits of the Novoafonskaya cave named after G. Sh. Smyr (Abkhazia). P. nigrum, was isolated from clay deposits of Divya cave (Russia, Perm region). Sporotrichum sp. was allocated from the clay deposits of the cave Mchishta-Akshasha (Abkhazia). Four types of plastics were biodegraded: high-pressure polyethylene, polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate, low-pressure polyethylene. The experiments were carried out in the Chapek-Dox nutrient medium in liquid and agar medium. Evaluation of the biodegradation rate was carried out by calculating the mass loss of samples. Qualitative changes in the surface were studied by using scanning electron microscopy. It was found that P. chrysogenum had the highest rate of biodegradation and P. nigrum had the lowest rate. The weight loss was the reatest in polyethylene terephthalate, lower - in polypropylene, and the lowest one – in the low-pressure polyethylene.
Strength and Fracture Toughness of Heat-Resistant Fiber-Reinforced Concrete
Authors: Perfilov V A , Tomareva I A 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
A technique is proposed for determining the critical length of a main crack in concretes at different loading rates. A composition of light, heat-resistant fiber-reinforced concrete of increased strength and crack resistance, which does not require heat treatment, has been developed. The effect of high temperatures on the change in the strength and fracture resistance of heat-resistant heavy and light concretes was studied.
Method of Determining the Sizes of Corrosion Defects of Elements of Marine Oil and Gas Industrial Constructions on the Basis of Data on Temperature Contrasts
Authors: Starokon I V , Golovachev A O 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Offshore oil and gas platforms located on offshore fields are exposed to various stresses, the most intense of which is corrosive. Corrosion caverns arising in different areas of offshore oil and gas structures cause local stress concentration, and can cause overstresses of structural elements with its subsequent destruction. The most dangerous are corrosion defects “V”-shaped, capable of increasing the value of operating stresses more than 2 times. The article presents the results of experiments and a method of estimating the size of corrosion defects on the basis of data on the difference between defect-free and corrosion-affected areas. The use of this technique will allow to determine the sizes of corrosion damages with high efficiency and to estimate their influence on the safety of operation of offshore oil and gas platforms.
Assessment of Technological Efficiency of Application of Products of the Membrane-Less Treatment of Mineralized Waters in a Cycle of Froth Separation of Kimberlite Ores
Authors: Dvoichenkova G P , Timofeev A S , Vinokurova I Zh 
Published: June 2019

AbstractUsing the methods of electron microscopy and IR spectroscopy on the surface of diamonds from the tailings of froth separation, hydrophilic mineral formations have been diagnosed and the efficiency of electrochemical effects has been identified for their removal during processes beneficiation of refractory kimberlites.It is shown that the application of the method of electrochemical conditioning of recycling water in the scheme of flotation of diamond-containing refractory ores makes it possible to clean the surface of diamonds from hydrophilic mineral formations and, accordingly, to increase their recovery into a froth separation concentrate by 5.2% for slightly changed kimberlites and by 23.5% for intensely altered kimberlites.