bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How do post‐divorce paternal and maternal family trajectories relate to adolescents' subjective well‐being?
Authors: Bastaits Kim , Pasteels Inge , Mortelmans Dimitri 
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACTPrevious research on adolescents' well‐being has focused mainly on the differences between married and divorced families. Recently, interest has shifted towards the cumulative effects of the various family transitions experienced by children. To contribute to this literature, we investigate the relationship of maternal and paternal family trajectories following divorce with adolescents' well‐being by analyzing two dyadic subsamples of the ‘Divorce in Flanders’ study: mothers‐adolescents (n = 515) and fathers‐adolescents (n = 365). Results from the sequence analyses and structural equation models show that adolescents' well‐being was lower if their mothers were in less stable partnership situations, namely if they had never repartnered, were in a LAT (living apart together) relationship or had had several relationships since their divorce. For fathers, the opposite result was found: adolescents' well‐being was lower when their fathers were in seemingly stable partnership situations, i.e. if they had remarried or begun living with a new partner since their divorce.
Cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers measured by Elecsys assays compared to amyloid imaging
Authors: Schindler Suzanne E. , Gray Julia D. , Gordon Brian A. , Xiong Chengjie , Batrla‐Utermann Richard , Quan Marian , Wahl Simone , Benzinger Tammie L.S. , Holtzman David M. , Morris John C. , Fagan Anne M. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractIntroductionLevels of amyloid β peptide 42 (Aβ42), total tau, and phosphorylated tau‐181 are well‐established cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease, but variability in manual plate‐based assays has limited their use. We examined the relationship between CSF biomarkers, as measured by a novel automated immunoassay platform, and amyloid positron emission tomography.MethodsCSF samples from 200 individuals underwent separate analysis for Aβ42, total tau, and phosphorylated tau‐181 with automated Roche Elecsys assays. Aβ40 was measured with a commercial plate‐based assay. Positron emission tomography with Pittsburgh Compound B was performed less than 1 year from CSF collection.ResultsRatios of CSF biomarkers (total tau/Aβ42, phosphorylated tau‐181/Aβ42, and Aβ42/Aβ40) best discriminated Pittsburgh Compound B–positive from Pittsburgh Compound B–negative individuals.DiscussionCSF biomarkers and amyloid positron emission tomography reflect different aspects of Alzheimer's disease brain pathology, and therefore, less‐than‐perfect correspondence is expected. Automated assays are likely to increase the utility of CSF biomarkers.
Effect of donepezil on transcranial magnetic stimulation parameters in Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Hwang Yun Tae , Rocchi Lorenzo , Hammond Paul , Hardy Chris JD. , Warren Jason D. , Ridha Basil H. , Rothwell John , Rossor Martin N. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractIntroductionThere is a need for a reliable, noninvasive biomarker for Alzheimer's disease (AD). We assessed whether short‐latency afferent inhibition (SAI), a transcranial magnetic stimulation paradigm that assesses cholinergic circuits of the brain, could become such a biomarker.MethodsNineteen patients with AD underwent four SAI testing sessions. The timing of their usual donepezil dose was altered to create different cholinergic states for each session. This was compared to the SAI results from 20 healthy subjects.ResultsSAI was not able to distinguish the different cholinergic states assessed in our study. There appeared to be a diurnal variation in cholinergic function in the control group, which was not present in the AD cohort.DiscussionSAI does not appear to have a role in diagnosis and assessment of AD patients. The loss of diurnal variation, however, warrants further investigation as it may provide further biochemical insights about AD.
Frequency and Nature of Infectious Risk Moments During Acute Care Based on the INFORM Structured Classification Taxonomy
Authors: Clack Lauren , Passerini Simone , Wolfensberger Aline , Sax Hugo , Manser Tanja 
Published: March 2018

OBJECTIVEIn this study, we sought to establish a comprehensive inventory of infectious risk moments (IRMs), defined as seemingly innocuous yet frequently occurring care manipulations potentially resulting in transfer of pathogens to patients. We also aimed to develop and employ an observational taxonomy to quantify the frequency and nature of IRMs in acute-care settings.DESIGNProspective observational study and establishment of observational taxonomy.SETTINGIntensive care unit, general medical ward, and emergency ward of a university-affiliated hospital.PARTICIPANTSHealthcare workers (HCWs)METHODSExploratory observations were conducted to identify IRMs, which were coded based on the surfaces involved in the transmission pathway to establish a structured taxonomy. Structured observations were performed using this taxonomy to quantify IRMs in all 3 settings.RESULTSFollowing 129.17 hours of exploratory observations, identified IRMs involved HCW hands, gloves, care devices, mobile objects, and HCW clothing and accessories. A structured taxonomy called INFORM (INFectiOus Risk Moment) was established to classify each IRM according to the source, vector, and endpoint of potential pathogen transfer. We observed 1,138 IRMs during 53.77 hours of structured observations (31.25 active care hours) for an average foundation of 42.8 IRMs per active care hour overall, and average densities of 34.9, 36.8, and 56.3 IRMs in the intensive care, medical, and emergency wards, respectively.CONCLUSIONSHands and gloves remain among the most important contributors to the transfer of pathogens within the healthcare setting, but medical devices, mobile objects, invasive devices, and HCW clothing and accessories may also contribute to patient colonization and/or infection. The INFORM observational taxonomy and IRM inventory presented may benefit clinical risk assessment, training and education, and future research.Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2018;39:272–279
Likelihood of Infectious Outcomes Following Infectious Risk Moments During Patient Care—An International Expert Consensus Study and Quantitative Risk Index
Authors: Clack Lauren , Passerini Simone , Manser Tanja , Sax Hugo 
Published: March 2018

OBJECTIVETo elicit expert consensus on the likelihood of infectious outcomes (patient colonization or infection) following a broad range of infectious risk moments (IRMs) from observations in acute care.DESIGNExpert consensus study using modified Delphi technique.PARTICIPANTSPanel of 40 international experts including nurses, physicians and microbiologists specialized in infectious diseases and infection prevention and control (IPC).METHODSThe modified Delphi process consisted of 3 online survey rounds, with feedback of mean ratings and expert comments between rounds. The Delphi survey comprised 52 care scenarios representing observed IRMs organized into 6 sections: hands, gloves, medical devices, mobile objects, invasive procedures, and additional moments. For each scenario, experts indicated the likelihood of both patient colonization and infection on a scale from 0 to 5 (high). Expert ratings were plotted against frequencies of IRMs observed during actual patient care resulting in a risk index.RESULTSFollowing 3 rounds, consensus was achieved for 92 of 104 items (88.5%). The mean ratings across all scenarios for likelihood of colonization and infection were 2.68 and 2.02, respectively. The likelihood of colonization was rated higher than infection for 48 of 52 scenarios. Ratings were significantly higher for colonization (P=.001) and infection (P<.0005) when the scenario involved transfer of pathogens to critical patient sites.CONCLUSIONSThe design of effective IPC strategies requires the selection of behaviors according to their impact on patient outcomes. The IRM index reported here provides a basis for standardizing and prioritizing targets for quality improvement initiatives, training, and future research in acute health care.Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2018;39:280–289
Environmental enteric dysfunction and systemic inflammation predict reduced weight but not length gain in rural Bangladeshi children
Authors: Campbell Rebecca K. , Schulze Kerry J. , Shaikh Saijuddin , Raqib Rubhana , Wu Lee S. F. , Ali Hasmot , Mehra Sucheta , West Keith P. , Christian Parul 
Published: March 2018

AbstractEnvironmental enteric dysfunction (EED) and systemic inflammation (SI) are common in developing countries and may cause stunting. In Bangladesh, >40 % of preschool children are stunted, but EED and SI contributions are unknown. We aimed to determine the impact of EED and SI (assessed with multiple indicators) on growth in children (n 539) enrolled in a community-based randomised food supplementation trial in rural Bangladesh. EED was defined with faecal myeloperoxidase, α-1 antitrypsin and neopterin and serum endotoxin core antibody and glucagon-like peptide-2, consolidated into gut inflammation (GI) and permeability (GP) scores, and urinary lactulose:mannitol α-1 acid glycoprotein (AGP) characterised SI. Biomarker associations with anthropometry (15-, 18- and 24-month length-for-age (LAZ), weight-for-length (WLZ) and weight-for-age (WAZ) z scores) were examined in pairwise correlations and adjusted mixed-effects regressions. Stunting, wasting and underweight prevalence at 18 months were 45, 15 and 37 %, respectively, with elevated EED and SI markers common. EED and SI were not associated with 15–24-month length trajectory. Elevated (worse) GI and GP scores predicted reduced 18–24-month WLZ change (β −0·01 (se 0·00) z score/month for both). Elevated GP was also associated with reduced 15–18-month WLZ change (β −0·03 (se 0·01) z score/month) and greater 15-month WLZ (β 0·16 (se 0·05)). Higher AGP was associated with reduced prior and increased subsequent WLZ change (β −0·04 (se 0·01) and β 0·02 (se 0·00) z score/month for 15–18 and 18–24 months). The hypothesised link from EED to stunting was not observed in this sample of Bangladeshi 18-month-olds, but the effects of EED on constrained weight gain may have consequences for later linear growth or for other health and development outcomes.
Mother–child dietary behaviours and their observed associations with socio-demographic factors: findings from the Healthy Beginnings Trial
Authors: Kunaratnam Kanita , Halaki Mark , Wen Li Ming , Baur Louise A. , Flood Victoria M. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractFew studies have investigated the effect of maternal factors on child eating practices. Our study aimed to explore mother–child dietary behaviours and their associations with socio-demographic factors. A cross-sectional analysis was conducted using data from control participants (n243) in the Healthy Beginnings Trial, which involved first-time mothers and their 2-year-old children. Mother–child dietary behaviours were assessed using short dietary questions (short FFQ) and their associations with socio-demographic factors were examined using binary logistic regression. The dietary intake of 2-year-old children was characterised by low vegetable consumption and high discretionary food intake. In multivariate analysis, lower-income mothers (<Australian $40 000 per annum) reported their child was more likely to consume less fruit (<1 serve/d) (adjusted OR (AOR): 5·83; 95 % CI 1·49, 22·80) and ate hot chips more frequently (≥2 times/week) (AOR: 4·80; 95 % CI 1·28, 18·04), compared with higher-income mothers (≥Australian $40 000 per annum). Younger mothers (<25 years) reported their child consumed more sugary drinks and soft drink (>0·5 cups/d) AOR 2·93 (95 % CI 1·03, 8·35), compared with older mothers (≥25 years). Non-Australian-born mothers reported their child consumed more fruit juice (>0·5 cups/d) AOR 2·04 (95 % CI 1·02, 4·05), sweet snacks AOR 1·96 (95 % CI 1·02, 3·76) and fast food (≥2 times/week) AOR 3·67 (95 % CI 1·29, 10·43) compared with Australian-born mothers. Significant positive correlations between maternal and child dietary intake were observed for all dietary variables except milk, with the largest association for fast foods (Pearson’sr0·52,P<0·001). This study shows that maternal factors are associated with child dietary behaviours. Targeting young mothers (<25 years) of potential disadvantage, before commencement of early feeding practices, has the potential to improve children’s diets.
Effect of increased calcium consumption from fat-free milk in an energy-restricted diet on the metabolic syndrome and cardiometabolic outcomes in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a randomised cross-over clinical trial
Authors: Gomes Junia M. G. , Costa Jorge d. A. , Alfenas Rita C. G. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractWe investigated the effects of high-Ca fat-free milk phase (MD) (prescription of approximately 1500 mg of Ca/d) v. low-Ca phase (CD) (prescription of approximately 800 mg of Ca/d) in an energy-restricted diet on the metabolic syndrome (MetS) and cardiometabolic measures in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and low habitual Ca consumption (<600 mg/d). In this randomised cross-over design, fourteen adults with T2DM (49·5 (sd 8·6) years, BMI 29·4 (sd 4·5) kg/m2) consumed either MD or CD for 12 weeks, with a washout of 18 weeks between phases. A breakfast shake containing 700 mg (MD) or 6·4 mg (CD) of Ca was consumed in the laboratory. In addition, energy-restricted diets were prescribed (800 mg of dietary Ca/d). Waist circumference (WC), fasting glucose, fasting TAG, systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP), fasting total cholesterol, fasting LDL-cholesterol, fasting HDL-cholesterol, HDL:LDL ratio, HDL:TAG ratio and lipid accumulation product (LAP) index were assessed at baseline and after each phase. Ca consumption during the study was equivalent to 1200 mg/d during MD and 525 mg/d during CD. There was a greater reduction in WC, SBP, DBP and LAP index after MD compared with CD. HDL:LDL ratio increased and total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, SBP, DBP and LAP index decreased only in MD. The consumption of approximately 1200 mg of Ca/d (700 mg from fat-free milk+500mg from other dietary sources) associated with an energy-restricted diet decreased some of the MetS components and cardiometabolic measures in adults with T2DM.
Diyanet as a Turkish Foreign Policy Tool: Evidence from the Netherlands and Bulgaria
Authors: Öztürk Ahmet Erdi , Sözeri Semiha 
Published: March 2018

AbstractHow does Turkey's Presidency of Religious Affairs (Diyanet) act as an instrument of foreign policy (FP)? What are the factors that allow such an instrumentalization of Islam in Turkish FP? In addressing these questions, this paper uses semi-structured expert interviews from Bulgaria and the Netherlands. Although both countries host a sizeable Muslim minority, these populations differ in their characteristics and historical ties with Turkey. ComparingDiyanet’s role in the Netherlands with its recent Turkish-Muslim diaspora, and in Bulgaria with its centuries-old Muslim minority allows us to reveal variation in the practical engagement strategies that Diyanet adopts in different country contexts. Thus, this paper advances two main claims; first,Diyanetserves as a primary FP tool of Turkey in countries with a significant Turkish-Muslim minority. Secondly, this instrumentalization destabilizes secularization projects both at home and abroad.
Simultaneous induction and blockade of autophagy by a single agent
Authors: Kucharewicz Karolina , Dudkowska Magdalena , Zawadzka Anna , Ogrodnik Mikolaj , Szczepankiewicz Andrzej A. , Czarnocki Zbigniew , Sikora Ewa 
Published: March 2018

AbstractBesides cell death, autophagy and cell senescence are the main outcomes of anticancer treatment. We demonstrate that tacrine-melatonin heterodimer C10, a potent anti-Alzheimer’s disease drug, has an antiproliferative effect on MCF-7 breast cancer cells. The main cell response to a 24 h-treatment with C10 was autophagy enhancement accompanied by inhibition of mTOR and AKT pathways. Significantly increased autophagy markers, such as LC3B- and ATG16L-positive vesicles, confirmed autophagy induction by C10. However, analysis of autophagic flux using mCherry-GFP-LC3B construct revealed inhibition of autophagy by C10 at the late-stage. Moreover, electron microscopy and analysis of colocalization of LC3B and LAMP-1 proteins provided evidence of autophagosome-lysosome fusion with concomitant inhibition of autolysosomal degradation function. After transient treatment with IC50 dose of C10 followed by cell culture without the drug, 20% of MCF-7 cells displayed markers of senescence. On the other hand, permanent cell treatment with C10 resulted in massive cell death on the 5th or 6th day. Recently, an approach whereby autophagy is induced by one compound and simultaneously blocked by the use of another one has been proposed as a novel anticancer strategy. We demonstrate that the same effect may be achieved using a single agent, C10. Our findings offer a new, promising strategy for anticancer treatment.
The role of osteopontin in the progression of solid organ tumour
Authors: Zhao Hailin , Chen Qian , Alam Azeem , Cui Jiang , Suen Ka Chun , Soo Aurelie Pac , Eguchi Shiori , Gu Jianteng , Ma Daqing 
Published: March 2018

AbstractOsteopontin (OPN) is a bone sialoprotein involved in osteoclast attachment to mineralised bone matrix, as well as being a bone matrix protein, OPN is also a versatile protein that acts on various receptors which are associated with different signalling pathways implicated in cancer. OPN mediates various biological events involving the immune system and the vascular system; the protein plays a role in processes such as immune response, cell adhesion and migration, and tumorigenesis. This review discusses the potential role of OPN in tumour cell proliferation, angiogenesis and metastasis, as well as the molecular mechanisms involved in these processes in different cancers, including brain, lung, kidney, liver, bladder, breast, oesophageal, gastric, colon, pancreatic, prostate and ovarian cancers. The understanding of OPN’s role in tumour development and progression could potentially influence cancer therapy and contribute to the development of novel anti-tumour treatments.
2-Aminoethoxydiphenylborane sensitizes anti-tumor effect of bortezomib via suppression of calcium-mediated autophagy
Authors: Qu Yuan Qing , Gordillo-Martinez Flora , Law Betty Yuen Kwan , Han Yu , Wu Anguo , Zeng Wu , Lam Wai Kei , Ho Charles , Mok Simon Wing Fai , He Hu Qiang , Wong Vincent Kam Wai , Wang Renxiao 
Published: March 2018

AbstractNon-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for most lung cancer cases. Therapeutic interventions integrating the use of different agents that focus on different targets are needed to overcome this set of diseases. The proteasome system has been demonstrated clinically as a potent therapeutic target for haematological cancers. However, promising preclinical data in solid tumors are yet to be confirmed in clinics. Herein, the combinational use of Bortezomib (BZM) and 2-aminoethoxydiphenylborane (2-APB) toward NSCLC cells was studied. We confirmed that BZM-triggered cytoprotective autophagy that may counteract with the cytotoxic effects of the drug per se. 2-APB was selected from screening of a commercial natural compounds library, which potentiated BZM-induced cytotoxicity. Such an enhancement effect was associated with 2-APB-mediated autophagy inhibition. In addition, we revealed that 2-APB suppressed calcium-induced autophagy in H1975 and A549 NSCLC cells. Interestingly, BZM [0.3 mg/kg/3 days] combined with 2-APB [2 mg/kg/day] significantly inhibited both primary (around 47% tumor growth) and metastatic Lewis lung carcinoma after a 20-day treatment. Our results suggested that BZM and 2-APB combination therapy can potentially be developed as a novel formulation for lung cancer treatment.
A proteomic landscape of diffuse-type gastric cancer
Authors: Ge Sai , Xia Xia , Ding Chen , Zhen Bei , Zhou Quan , Feng Jinwen , Yuan Jiajia , Chen Rui , Li Yumei , Ge Zhongqi , Ji Jiafu , Zhang Lianhai , Wang Jiayuan , Li Zhongwu , Lai Yumei , Hu Ying , Li Yanyan , Li Yilin , Gao Jing , Chen Lin , Xu Jianming , Zhang Chunchao , Jung Sung Yun , Choi Jong Min , Jain Antrix , Liu Mingwei , Song Lei , Liu Wanlin , Guo Gaigai , Gong Tongqing , Huang Yin , Qiu Yang , Huang Wenwen , Shi Tieliu , Zhu Weimin , Wang Yi , He Fuchu , Shen Lin , Qin Jun 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe diffuse-type gastric cancer (DGC) is a subtype of gastric cancer with the worst prognosis and few treatment options. Here we present a dataset from 84 DGC patients, composed of a proteome of 11,340 gene products and mutation information of 274 cancer driver genes covering paired tumor and nearby tissue. DGC can be classified into three subtypes (PX1–3) based on the altered proteome alone. PX1 and PX2 exhibit dysregulation in the cell cycle and PX2 features an additional EMT process; PX3 is enriched in immune response proteins, has the worst survival, and is insensitive to chemotherapy. Data analysis revealed four major vulnerabilities in DGC that may be targeted for treatment, and allowed the nomination of potential immunotherapy targets for DGC patients, particularly for those in PX3. This dataset provides a rich resource for information and knowledge mining toward altered signaling pathways in DGC and demonstrates the benefit of proteomic analysis in cancer molecular subtyping.
Oscillating modes of driven colloids in overdamped systems
Authors: Berner Johannes , Müller Boris , Gomez-Solano Juan Ruben , Krüger Matthias , Bechinger Clemens 
Published: March 2018

AbstractMicroscopic colloidal particles suspended in liquids are a prominent example of an overdamped system where viscous forces dominate over inertial effects. Frequently, colloids are used as sensitive probes, e.g., in biophysical applications from which molecular forces are inferred. The interpretation of such experiments rests on the assumption that, even when the particles are driven, the liquid remains in equilibrium. Here we experimentally demonstrate that this is not valid for particles in viscoelastic fluids. Even at small driving forces, we observe particle oscillations with several tens of seconds. They are attributed to non-equilibrium fluctuations of the fluid being excited by the particle’s motion. The oscillatory dynamics is in quantitative agreement with an overdamped Langevin equation with negative friction-memory term being equivalent to a stochastically driven underdamped oscillator. Such oscillatory modes are expected to widen the use of colloids as model systems but must also be considered in colloidal probe experiments.
Phosphorylation of conserved phosphoinositide binding pocket regulates sorting nexin membrane targeting
Authors: Lenoir Marc , Ustunel Cansel , Rajesh Sandya , Kaur Jaswant , Moreau Dimitri , Gruenberg Jean , Overduin Michael 
Published: March 2018

AbstractSorting nexins anchor trafficking machines to membranes by binding phospholipids. The paradigm of the superfamily is sorting nexin 3 (SNX3), which localizes to early endosomes by recognizing phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PI3P) to initiate retromer-mediated segregation of cargoes to the trans-Golgi network (TGN). Here we report the solution structure of full length human SNX3, and show that PI3P recognition is accompanied by bilayer insertion of a proximal loop in its extended Phox homology (PX) domain. Phosphoinositide (PIP) binding is completely blocked by cancer-linked phosphorylation of a conserved serine beside the stereospecific PI3P pocket. This “PIP-stop” releases endosomal SNX3 to the cytosol, and reveals how protein kinases control membrane assemblies. It constitutes a widespread regulatory element found across the PX superfamily and throughout evolution including of fungi and plants. This illuminates the mechanism of a biological switch whereby structured PIP sites are phosphorylated to liberate protein machines from organelle surfaces.