bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Application and further development of Maglev transportation in China
Authors: Lin Guobin , Sheng Xiongwei 
Published: November 2018

Since the high-speed maglev line in Shanghai was put into operation in 2003, it has been running safely for 15 years, maintaining the highest speed of public ground traffic 430 km/h and 99.8~99.9% punctuality. Since 2001, China ministry of science and technology (MOST) has been supporting the research and development of high speed maglev transportation technology. In 2016, under the support of the MOST, China Railway Rolling stock Corporation (CRRC) started to lead the program of engineering research of Maglev. The aim of the program is to develop 600 km/h high speed Maglev system and 200 km/h medium speed maglev system. The newly developed high speed Maglev system could be tested, verified and applied on the planned Shanghai - Hangzhou high speed Maglev line.
Since the operation opening of Changsha Maglev Airport Express Line in May 2016, Hunan province has planned to build more maglev line with top speed 100–160 km/h. Following the operation of urban maglev in Changsha and Beijing, the Qingyuan Maglev line in Guangdong province began to build at the end of 2017. The new maglev line will connect hot spring tourist attractions and Changlong theme park (animal park) in 2019.
This paper introduces the application and construction of maglev transportation in China, recent R&D status, further plans and trend of development.
MULTI® - rope-less elevator demonstrator at test tower Rottweil
Authors: Appunn Rüdiger , Frantzheld Jürgen , Jetter Markus , Löser Friedrich 
Published: November 2018

Background: The world’s first linear motor driven passenger elevator system MULTI® started test operation at test tower Rottweil, Germany. A full scale showcase has been installed, the commissioning is finished and extensive testing activities are performed. The new test tower in Rottweil provides the perfect test and certification environment to get this ground-breaking product onto the market.
The propulsion of the cars is based on an ironless long-stator linear motor with distributed active drive, motor and sensor elements. This technology allows cars to move individually in the same elevator shaft without any ropes. The same type of linear motor will also be used to exchange cars horizontally from one shaft to another. Herewith a movement of the cars in a loop or any vertical and horizontal travel path can be realized. The testing procedures to characterize the operation of the MULTI® include measurements of electrical, mechanical and thermal quantities.
Smart energy management feeds power of descending cars for rising cars. To overcome the high power demand for acceleration cars, an energy buffering system is installed.
Aim: This paper focuses on the power and energy management of the MULTI® demonstrator. The benefit of intelligent buffering strategy is depicted.
Methods: Full scale prototype, numerical simulation, testing and measurement.
Results: This paper presents first measurement results of the MULTI® demonstrator mainly focusing on the power and energy characteristics of the propulsion system.
Conclusion: Using an energy buffering system, the peak input power of the MULTI® can be reduced to 50% of the peak power level without energy buffer. The power from downward moving cars is recuperated and used for upward driving cars, balanced by the energy buffer without stressing the grid.
Computational Fluid Dynamic Modelling and Optimisation of Wastewater Treatment Plant Bioreactor Mixer
Authors: Elshaw Andrew , Hassan N. M. S. , Khan M. M. K. 
Published: November 2018

This study aims to determine the optimal configuration (position and operation duration) for wall mounted mechanical mixers based on the comparison of three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modelling results and physical data collected from the treatment plant. A three-dimensional model of anoxic zone 1, 2 and 3 of Northern Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) located at Cairns Regional Council, Cairns, Queensland, Australia was developed and validated. The model was used to simulate the flow pattern of the WWTP and the simulation results are in good agreement with the physical data varying between 0% to 15% in key locations.
The anoxic zones were subject to velocities less than the desired 0.3 metres per second however results for suspended solids concentration indicate that good mixing is being achieved. Results for suspended solids concentrations suggest that the anoxic zones are towards the upper limits recommended by literature for specific power dissipation.
The duration for operation of mechanical mixers was investigated and identified that the duration could be reduced from 900 seconds down to 150 seconds. Alternative mixer positioning was also investigated and identified positioning which would increase the average flow velocity with decreased duration (150 seconds). The study identified that Council may achieve savings of $24,000 per year through optimisation of the mechanical mixers.
Improving Operations Performance through Artificial Intelligence, Digital, and Advanced Analytics Applications
Authors: Brun Anders 
Published: November 2018

Abstract

Tomorrows O&G leaders embrace digital technologies today
As oil price outlooks have recovered from 2015 lows and many companies have exhausted traditional improvements levers, advanced analytics and digital transformations offer new opportunities for O&G operators to modernize operations, improve financials and establish a sustainable competitive platform
Anders Brun, partner and global leader of Advanced Analytics and Digital Transformation service line in McKinsey's O&G practice
A meta-heuristic approach for multivariate design flood quantile estimation incorporating historical information
Authors: Yin Jiabo , Guo Shenglian , Wu Xushu , Yang Guang , Xiong Feng , Zhou Yanlai 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Design flood quantiles are crucial for hydraulic structures design, water resources planning and management, whereas previous multivariate hydrological quantile estimation methods usually do not consider historical flood information. To overcome such limitations, a meta-heuristic inference function for margins (MHIFM) approach, coupling meta-heuristic algorithm with a modified inference function for margins (IFM) method, is developed for modeling the joint distributions of flood peak and volumes with incorporation of historical flood information. Then, the most likely realization (MLR) and equivalent frequency combination (EFC) methods are employed for selecting multivariate design floods on a quantile iso-surface. The Danjiangkou reservoir located in Hanjiang River basin, the first pilot basin of most regulated water resources management policy in China, is selected as a case study. Application results indicate that the MHIFM approach shows good performance for estimating the parameters of marginal and joint distributions; moreover, the MLR method yields safer design flood quantiles than the EFC method in terms of highest routed reservoir water levels. The proposed MHIFM approach associated with the MLR method is safer and more rational for reservoir design, which would provide rich information as the reference for flood risk assessment, reservoir operation and management.
Erosion characteristics of raw sewage: investigations for a pumping station in northern Germany under energy efficient pump control
Authors: Rinas Martin , Traenckner Jens , Koegst Thilo 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Flow controlled sewage pumping stations offer high potential for energy savings. But along with a reduced flow velocity, flow-controlled pumping increases the risk of deposits formation. This work presents an experimental procedure to assess the erosion behaviour of municipal wastewater as a basis for solid transport characterization considering an energy efficient pump control. Raw sewage, sampled at the inflow channel to a pumping station in the city of Rostock (northern Germany), has been investigated under dry weather inflow conditions by means of a self-constructed laboratory-scale erosion measurement. Received data have been processed into critical bed shear stress points (for incipient erosion and total resuspension) and into erosion rates. Both bed shear stress points increase with the settling duration, from initially 0.016 N/m2 (incipient erosion) and 0.2 N/m2 (total resuspension) after 20 minutes settling, to respectively 0.14 N/m2 and 1 N/m2 after 3 days settling. With a reduced flow rate within the energy efficient control, the pump pauses decrease, from 64 min (regular control with higher flow rate) down to 20 min. Thus, both respective bed shear stress points are below the bed shear stress level of the energy saving control (0.2 N/m2), and a resuspension of the settled particles is guaranteed.
Anthocyanins As Modulators of Cell Redox-Dependent Pathways in Non-Communicable Diseases
Authors: Speciale Antonio , Saija Antonella , Bashllari Romina , Molonia Maria Sofia , Muscarà Claudia , Occhiuto Cristina , Cimino Francesco , Cristani Mariateresa 
Published: November 2018

:
Chronic Noncommunicable Diseases (NCDs), mostly represented by cardiovascular
diseases, diabetes, chronic pulmonary diseases, cancers, and several chronic pathologies,
are one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality, and are mainly related to
the occurrence of metabolic risk factors. Anthocyanins (ACNs) possess a wide spectrum
of biological activities, such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, cardioprotective and chemopreventive
properties, which are able to promote human health. Although ACNs present
an apparent low bioavailability, their metabolites may play an important role in the in
vivo protective effects observed.

:
This article directly addresses the scientific evidences supporting that ACNs could be useful
to protect human population against several NCDs not only acting as antioxidant but
through their capability to modulate cell redox-dependent signaling. In particular, ACNs
interact with the NF-κB and AP-1 signal transduction pathways, which respond to oxidative
signals and mediate a proinflammatory effect, and the Nrf2/ARE pathway and its
regulated cytoprotective proteins (GST, NQO, HO-1, etc.), involved in both cellular antioxidant
defenses and elimination/inactivation of toxic compounds, so countering the alterations
caused by conditions of chemical/oxidative stress. In addition, supposed crosstalks
could contribute to explain the protective effects of ACNs in different pathological
conditions characterized by an altered balance among these pathways. Thus, this review
underlines the importance of specific nutritional molecules for human health and focuses
on the molecular targets and the underlying mechanisms of ACNs against various diseases.
An Update on the Neurochemistry of Essential Tremor
Authors: Jiménez-Jiménez Félix Javier , Alonso-Navarro Hortensia , García-Martín Elena , Agúndez José A.G. 
Published: November 2018

Background:
The pathophysiology and neurochemical mechanisms of essential
tremor (ET) are not fully understood, because only a few post-mortem studies have been reported,
and there is a lack of good experimental model for this disease.

Objective:
The main aim of this review is to update data regarding the neurochemical features
of ET. Alterations of certain catecholamine systems, the dopaminergic, serotonergic,
GABAergic, noradrenergic, and adrenergic systems have been described, and are the object of
this revision.

Methods:
For this purpose, we performed a literature review on alterations of the neurotransmitter
or neuromodulator systems (catecholamines, gammaaminobutyric acid or GABA,
excitatory amino acids, adenosine, T-type calcium channels) in ET patients (both post-mortem
or in vivo) or in experimental models resembling ET.

Results and Conclusion:
The most consistent data regarding neurochemistry of ET are related
with the GABAergic and glutamatergic systems, with a lesser contribution of adenosine
and dopaminergic and adrenergic systems, while there is not enough evidence of a definite
role of other neurotransmitter systems in ET. The improvement of harmaline-induced tremor
in rodent models achieved with T-type calcium channel antagonists, cannabinoid 1 receptor,
sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor agonists, and gap-junction blockers, suggests a potential
role of these structures in the pathogenesis of ET.
The Effects of Coenzyme Q10 Supplementation on Metabolic Profiles of Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Bakhshayeshkaram Marzieh , Lankarani Kamran B , Mirhosseini Naghmeh , Tabrizi Reza , Akbari Maryam , Dabbaghmanesh Mohammad H. , Asemi Zatollah 
Published: November 2018

Background:
This systematic review and meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs) were
conducted to determine the effects of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) supplementation on metabolic profiles of patients
diagnosed with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD).

Methods:
Two independent reviewers systematically searched online databases including PubMed, Cochrane
Library, and Web of Science databases, Scopus, EMBASE until July 2018 to identify eligible clinical trials. The
heterogeneity across included trials was assessed using Cochran’s Q test and I-square (I2) statistic. Cochrane
Collaboration risk of bias tool was applied to evaluate the quality of selected RCTs. Standardized mean difference
(SMD) and 95% Confidence Interval (CI) between two groups of intervention were used to determine pooled
effect sizes.

Results:
Out of 721 potential papers, 7 RCTs were appropriate to be included in our meta-analysis. The pooled
results revealed that CoQ10 supplementation significantly reduced total-cholesterol (SMD=-0.58; CI, -0.94, -
0.21; P=0.002; I2: 54.9), LDL-cholesterol (SMD=-0.47; 95% CI, -0.78, -0.17; P=0.003; I2:00.0), malondialdehyde
(MDA) (SMD=-3.0; 95% CI, -5.10, -0.90; P=0.005; I2: 95.4) and creatinine levels (SMD=-1.65; 95% CI, -
2.75, -0.54; P=0.003; I2: 95.0) in patients diagnosed with CKD. Triglycerides, HDL-cholesterol, fasting glucose,
insulin, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and C-reactive protein
(CRP) concentrations did not affect following CoQ10 supplementation.

Conclusion:
Overall, the current meta-analysis demonstrated that CoQ10 supplementation significantly improved
metabolic profile in patients with CKD by reducing total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, MDA and creatinine levels,
yet it did not affect fasting glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR, and CRP concentrations.
Convolutional Neural Networks for ATC Classification
Authors: Lumini Alessandra , Nanni Loris 
Published: November 2018

Background:
Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) classification of unknown compound has
raised high significance for both drug development and basic research. The ATC system is a multi-label classification
system proposed by the World Health Organization (WHO), which categorizes drugs into classes according
to their therapeutic effects and characteristics. This system comprises five levels and includes several classes
in each level; the first level includes 14 main overlapping classes. The ATC classification system simultaneously
considers anatomical distribution, therapeutic effects, and chemical characteristics, the prediction for an unknown
compound of its ATC classes is an essential problem, since such a prediction could be used to deduce not only a
compound’s possible active ingredients but also its therapeutic, pharmacological, and chemical properties. Nevertheless,
the problem of automatic prediction is very challenging due to the high variability of the samples and the
presence of overlapping among classes, resulting in multiple predictions and making machine learning extremely
difficult.

Methods:
In this paper, we propose a multi-label classifier system based on deep learned features to infer the
ATC classification. The system is based on a 2D representation of the samples: first a 1D feature vector is obtained
extracting information about a compound’s chemical-chemical interaction and its structural and fingerprint
similarities to other compounds belonging to the different ATC classes, then the original 1D feature vector is
reshaped to obtain a 2D matrix representation of the compound. Finally, a convolutional neural network (CNN) is
trained and used as a feature extractor. Two general purpose classifiers designed for multi-label classification are
trained using the deep learned features and resulting scores are fused by the average rule.

Results:
Experimental evaluation based on rigorous cross-validation demonstrates the superior prediction quality
of this method compared to other state-of-the-art approaches developed for this problem.

Conclusion:
Extensive experiments demonstrate that the new predictor, based on CNN, outperforms other existing
predictors in the literature in almost all the five metrics used to examine the performance for multi-label systems,
particularly in the “absolute true” rate and the “absolute false” rate, the two most significant indexes.
Matlab code will be available at https://github.com/LorisNanni.
Advances in Antidiabetic Drugs Targeting Insulin Secretion
Authors: Ding Yanting , Li Yilian , Chen Qin , Niu Bing 
Published: November 2018

Background:
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a disease of systemic metabolic disorders caused by the decrease
of secretion or sensitivity of insulin. In recent years, the study of insulin-related drug targets and the development
of new drugs have become the popular topic of current medical research, and studies have shown that
multiple signaling pathways are associated with diabetes treatment. At present, some new drugs based on the new
target design have been listed on the market and have achieved good hypoglycemic effect. However, most of the
drugs are still in the clinical or pre-clinical stage. The efficacy and safety of the drugs need further clinical validation.

Objective:
This article will introduce the advancements of targets and drugs to promote insulin secretion.
Efficacy of β-D-Mannuronic Acid [M2000] on the Pro-Apoptotic Process and Inflammatory-Related Molecules NFκB, IL-8 and Cd49d using Healthy Donor PBMC
Authors: Khalatbari Atousa , Mahdavi Mehdi , Jafarnezhad Fahimeh , Afraei Sanaz , Zavareh Farzaneh Tofighi , Aghazadeh Zahra , Ghaderi Afshin , Mirshafiey Abbas 
Published: November 2018

Objective:
This investigation evaluates the pro-apoptotic and anti-inflammatory effects
of β-D-mannuronic acid [M2000] compared to diclofenac, based on gene expression involved in
apoptosis and inflammation process [including Bcl2, NFκB, IL-8 and Cd49d] in Peripheral Blood
Mononuclear Cells [PBMCs] of healthy donors under exvivo conditions.

Material:
The venous blood samples of twelve healthy volunteers with aged 25-60 years were
collected in heparinized tubes. The healthy volunteers were selected from no smoking group and
without using illicit drugs and suffering from diabetes. The PBMCs were separated and divided
into untreated and treated groups.

Methods:
The PBMCs of each sample were cultured in 5 wells of culture plate, so that the first
well consisted of 2×106 cells exposed by LPS-EB [1μg/ml] to stimulate PBMCs and absence of
M2000 [untreated well]. The second, third, fourth and fifth wells containing 2×106 cells/well and
LPS-EB, after 4 hours incubation at 37ºC, received 5, 25 and 50 μg/well of M2000 and 5 μg/well
of diclofenac, respectively as treated group.

Results:
The PBMCs were separated and RNAs were then extracted and cDNAs synthesized and
gene expression levels were assessed by qRT-PCR. Furthermore, we studied whether M2000 is
able to facilitate apoptosis in PBMCs. Our findings represent that the high dose of M2000 could
significantly decrease the expression level of NFκB gene compared to untreated group (p <
0.0002). On the other hand, no significant change was observed in treated cells with diclofenac. All
doses of M2000 could significantly augment apoptosis compared to untreated group [p < 0.0001].
Additionally, we observed the same apoptotic effects between the medium dose of M2000 and diclofenac.
Besides, no significant reduction was shown in expression levels of IL8, Bcl2 and Cd49d
genes in all doses of M2000 and diclofenac compared to untreated group. This experiment demonstrates
M2000 as a new effective NSAID with immunosuppressive characteristics capable of stimulating
apoptosis through lowering expression levels of NFκB gene, which might be probably considered
as an appropriate drug for reducing the risk of developing inflammatory diseases and cancer.
Effect of Tithonia diversifolia extract on the biodegradability of the bioplastics in plantation soil (Pengaruh ekstrak Tithonia diversifolia terhadap biodegradabilitas bioplastik di tanah perkebunan)
Authors: ISROI . , WIBOWO Nendyo A , SAVITRI Evi , ERIS Deden D , PURWANTARA Agus 
Published: November 2018

Effect of Tithonia diversifoliaextract on biodegradability of the bioplastic was evaluated using plantation soil as natural inoculum. The bioplastic was a composite of cellulose from cacao pod husk, starch and enriched by tithoniaextract. Biodegradation test wasereconducted in the glass jar for 60 days. The carbon dioxide generated from the biodegradation test titrated by 0.1 N sodium hydroxide solutions. The carbon dioxide was measured with 0.1 N HCl and using phenolphthalein followed by methyl orange as indicator. Carbon dioxide was detected in the bioplastic samples but not detected in the conventional plastic sample during the test. Biodegradation of the bioplastic enriched by tithoniaextract was higher than that of the bioplastic without tithoniaextract. Biodegra-dation rate of the bioplastic samples in plantation soil were 0.068 mg CO2/day and 0.178 mg CO2/day for the bioplastic without and with tithoniaextract, respectively. Biodegradation of the bioplastic samples for 45 days were 12.44% and 28.07% for the bioplastic without and with tithoniaextract, respectively. Complete biodegradation of the bioplastic predicted in 244 days and 200 days for the bioplastic without and with tithoniaextract, respectively. [Kata kunci :Tithonia diversifolia, biodegrada-bility, bioplastic, plantation soil]. AbstrakPengaruh ekstrak Tithonia diversifoliaterhadap biodegradabilitas bioplastik dievaluasi dengan menggunakan tanah perkebunan sebagai inokulum alami. Bioplastik yang digunakan adalah komposit selulosa dari kulit buah kakao, pati dan diperkaya dengan ekstrak tithonia. Uji biodegra-dasi dilakukan di dalam botol selama 60 hari. Karbon dioksida yang dihasilkan dari uji biodegradasi diserap oleh larutan natrium hidroksida 0,1 N. Karbon dioksida dititrasi dengan HCl 0,1 N dan menggunakan fenolftalein diikuti dengan metil jingga sebagai indikator. Karbon dioksida terdeteksi pada sampel bioplastik namun tidak terdeteksi pada sampel plastik konvensional.Bioplastik yang diperkaya dengan ekstrak tithonia menghasilkan tingkat biodegradasi yang lebih tinggi dari pada bioplastik tanpa ekstrak tithonia. Tingkat biodegradasi sampel bioplastik di tanah perkebunan adalah 0,068 mg CO2/hari dan0,188 mg CO2/hari masing-masing untuk bioplastik tanpa dan dengan ekstrak tithonia. Biodegradasi sampel bioplastik selama 45 hari adalah 12,44% dan 28,07%berturut-turutuntuk bioplastik tanpa dan dengan ekstrak tithonia. Biodegradasi keseluruhan bioplastik diperkirakan membutuh-kan waktu 244 hari dan 200 harimasing-masinguntuk bioplastik tanpa dan dengan ekstrak tithonia.[Keywords:Tithonia diversifolia, biodegradaibi-litas, bioplastik, tanah perkebunan].