bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Folic Acid and Vitamin B12 Supplementation on Male Patients with Schizophrenia Predominant Negative Symptoms
Authors: Simamora Rona Hanani , Loebis Bahagia , Husada Muhammad Surya , Effendy Elmeida 
Published: June 2018

Background:
Schizophrenia is a chronic mental disorder that affects approximately 1% of
the world’s population. Particularly, negative symptoms are frequently resistant and are the main contributors
to the disability on schizophrenia patients. Folic acid and vitamin B12 supplementation is the
safe and affordable approach, which can significantly improve the outcome on the patients with residual
symptoms.

Objectives:
We aimed to understand the difference of negative subscale of Positive and Negative Syndrome
Scale (PANSS) Score on patients with schizophrenia who receive risperidone with the addition
folic acid and Vitamin B12 and patients who receive only risperidone after 6 weeks.

Methods:
This study is a quasi experimental pre-test and post-test designs that are divided into two
groups, they are group receiving risperidone with the addition of folic acid and vitamin B12 and the
group receiving only risperidone. Diagnosis of schizophrenia according to the International Classification
of Diseases (ICD-10) criteria and negative symptoms assessed by using negative subscale of
PANSS Scores are observed. Statistical analysis is conducted using Statistical Package for the Social
Sciences (SPSS) software.

Results:
There was a significant difference in the mean score of negative-scale PANSS scores at the
end of week 6 between the group receiving folic acid and vitamin B12 supplementation and the group
receiving only risperidone with p = 0.002; p <0.05.

Conclusion:
Folic acid and vitamin B12 Supplementation provide benefits to patients schizophrenia.
Preparation and Characterization of Amine- and Carboxylic Acid-functionalized Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Through a One-step Facile Electrosynthesis Method
Authors: Aghazadeh Mustafa , Karimzadeh Isa , Ganjali Mohammad Reza 
Published: June 2018

Background:
Surface modified magnetite nanoparticles (MNPs), can act as interesting
candidates for use in various biomedical areas. Coating MNPs with amino- or carboxylic acidfunctionalized
groups can be used as a tool for covalently binding MNPs to biomolecules for medical
uses. The conventionally used methods are also mostly multistep routes requiring purification processes.

Objective:

Herein, we developed a simple and facile approach with potentials for the large-scale
synthesis of bare and/or amine- and carboxylic acid-functionalized MNPs. The resulting product and
similarly prepared bare MNPs were studied by XRD, FT-IR, DSC-TGA, TEM, FE-SEM, DLS and
VSM analyses.

Method:

The magnetite NPs were deposited on the steel cathode by a cathodic electrochemical deposition
procedure. A galvanostatic mode was applied in the electrodeposition experiments at a dc current
density for 30 min. The purification steps were done for the prepared samples. The obtained
black powders were evaluated by characterization analyses.

Results:

The XRD peaks are well-matched with a cubic spinel structure of magnetite and confirmed
that the amino acid binding process did not result in a phase change in Fe3O4 during the electrodeposition.
The presence of amine and carboxylic functional groups on the surface of the electrosynthesized
MNPs was confirmed by FTIR. The size increases complicated the presence of the
amino acid layer on the iron oxide nanoparticles as compared with bare MNPs.

Conclusion:

We synthesized amine- and carboxylic acid-functionalized magnetite NPs through facile
novel method, and compare with the deposited bare MNPs. Our findings confirmed that the aspartic
acid and asparagine can be efficiently coated on the surface of MNPs during their CE electrodeposition.
The functionalized MNPs were found to have favorable size and proper magnetic properties
which are suitable for biomedical applications.
Phytochemical Profiles, Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activities of 11 Phellinus Mushrooms Collected in Thailand
Authors: Sunthudlakhar Punjaporn , Sithisarn Pongtip , Wannissorn Bhusita , Jarikasem Siripen , Rojsanga Piyanuch 
Published: June 2018

Background:Phellinus mushrooms are locally available in Thailand. They have been traditionally used for medicinal purposes including tonics, for cancer treatment and for immune system stimulation. </P><P> Objective: To evaluate the in vitro antioxidant, antibacterial activities and the phytochemical information of the extracts from 11 selected Phellinus mushrooms collected in Thailand.Methods:Eleven Phellinus mushrooms were collected from the Northeastern part of Thailand. Their ethanol and water extracts were tested for in vitro antioxidant activities using a DPPH scavenging assay, FRAP assay and TBARS method while the antibacterial effects were determined by agar disk diffusion and broth microdilution methods. The phytochemical profiles of the Phellinus mushroom extracts were evaluated using TLC and HPLC techniques. The total phenolic and total flavonoid contents of the extracts were evaluated by Folin-Ciocalteu and aluminium chloride methods, respectively. While total carbohydrate and total triterpene contents were evaluated by phenolsulfuric acid and vanillin perchloric acid methods, respectively.Results:Most ethanol extracts from Phellinus mushrooms exhibited moderate antioxidant effects especially extracts from P. everhartii, P. hippophaëicola and P. pini var. microporus while P. igniarius var. cinereus ethanol extract exhibited inhibitory effects to Helicobacter pylori both normal and resistant strains, this extract also showed the strongest inhibitory effect against Staphylococcus aureus. Most Phellinus mushroom extracts exhibited similar TLC and HPLC fingerprints with the chromatographic bands corresponding to phenolics, flavonoids and terpenoids. Protocatechuic acid was identified in most Phellinus mushroom extracts.Conclusion:Phellinus mushrooms especially, P. everhartii could be developed as sources of antioxidants while P. igniarius var. cinereus indicated the potential to inhibit H. pylori. Protocatechuic acid could be used as a marker for quality control of Phellinus mushroom raw materials and extracts.
Isolation of Natural Compounds from Syzygium densiflorum Fruits and Exploring its Chemical Property, Therapeutic Role in Diabetic Management
Authors: Gopinath Krishnasamy , Subbiah Nagarajan , Karthikeyan Muthusamy 
Published: June 2018

Background:
Syzygium densiflorum Wall. ex Wight & Arn (Myrtaceae) has been traditionally
used by the local tribes of the Nilgiris, Tamil Nadu, India, for the treatment of diabetes.

Objective:
This study aimed to isolate the major phytoconstituents from the S. densiflorum fruits and
to perform computational studies for chemical reactivity and biological activity of the isolated compound.

Materials and Methods:
Two different compounds were isolated from ethanolic extract of S.
densiflorum fruits and purified using HPLC. The structures of the compounds were elucidated on the
basis of their 1H NMR, 13C NMR, 1H-1H COSY, HMBC, HRESIMS, and FT-IR data. Further, the
chemical reactivity of the compounds was analyzed by density functional theory calculations and its
therapeutic role in diabetic management was examined by comparing the structure of isolated compounds
with previously reported bioactive compounds.

Results:
Of the two compounds ((6,6 & 1-kestopentaose (1) and 6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[3,4,5- trihydroxy-
6-[(3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl)oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxyoxane-2,4,5-triol)(2)). β-glucosidase,
β-galactosidase, α-glucosidase and β-amylase inhibition activity of the compounds were predicted by
structure activity relationship.

Conclusion:
Structure-activity relationship analysis was performed to predict the therapeutic role of
isolated compounds. These computational studies may be performed to minimize the efforts to determine
the therapeutic role of natural compounds.
In-Vitro and In-Silico Characterization of Xylose Reductase from Emericella nidulans
Authors: Ahuja Vishal , Sharma Aashima , Rathour Ranju Kumari , Sharma Vaishali , Rana Nidhi , Bhatt Arvind Kumar 
Published: June 2018

Background:
Lignocellulosic residues generated by various anthropogenic
activities can be a potential raw material for many commercial products such as biofuels,
organic acids and nutraceuticals including xylitol. Xylitol is a low-calorie nutritive sweetener
for diabetic patients. Microbial production of xylitol can be helpful in overcoming the
drawbacks of traditional chemical production process and lowring cost of production.

Objective:
Designing efficient production process needs the characterization of required
enzyme/s. Hence current work was focused on in-vitro and in-silico characterization of
xylose reductase from Emericella nidulans.

Methods:
Xylose reductase from one of the hyper-producer isolates, Emericella nidulans
Xlt-11 was used for in-vitro characterization. For in-silico characterization, XR sequence
(Accession No: Q5BGA7) was used.

Results:
Xylose reductase from various microorganisms has been studied but the quest for
better enzymes, their stability at higher temperature and pH still continues. Xylose reductase
from Emericella nidulans Xlt-11 was found NADH dependent and utilizes xylose as its sole
substrate for xylitol production. In comparison to whole cells, enzyme exhibited higher
enzyme activity at lower cofactor concentration and could tolerate higher substrate
concentration. Thermal deactivation profile showed that whole cell catalysts were more
stable than enzyme at higher temperature. In-silico analysis of XR sequence from Emericella
nidulans (Accession No: Q5BGA7) suggested that the structure was dominated by random
coiling. Enzyme sequences have conserved active site with net negative charge and PI value
in acidic pH range.

Conclusion:
Current investigation supported the enzyme’s specific application i.e.
bioconversion of xylose to xylitol due to its higher selectivity. In-silico analysis may provide
significant structural and physiological information for modifications and improved stability.
Formação dos professores para o uso das tecnologias da informação e comunicação
Authors: VERGNA MÁRCIA , SILVA ANTÔNIO 
Published: June 2018

RESUMO Este artigo investiga a formação inicial e continuada dos professores para o uso das tecnologias da informação e continuação na prática pedagógica. Para tal fim, realizou-se pesquisa de campo, utilizando o questionário como instrumento de coleta de dados. O público alvo foram os professores de Língua Portuguesa que trabalham no ensino médio das escolas estaduais de Linhares – ES. Essa pesquisa é descritiva, de abordagem qualitativa. Os dados indicam que a maioria dos professores não teve em sua formação inicial preparação para utilizar essas tecnologias como recurso pedagógico. Quanto à formação continuada, a maioria afirmou já ter realizado capacitação, sendo essa formação ofertada pelo poder público. Espera-se que essa pesquisa possa subsidiar ações que visem ao melhor aproveitamento desses recursos no espaço escolar. Palavras-chave: Língua portuguesa; Tecnologias da informação e comunicação; Prática pedagógica. Abstract: This following paper investigates the initial and continuous training of teachers for the use of information technologies and continuation in pedagogical practice. A field research was performed by using a questionnaire as a data collection instrument. The target audience was the Portuguese language teachers who work in state high schools of Linhares – ES, Brazil. This research has used a descriptive, qualitative approach. The data indicate that most of the teachers surveyed did not have in their initial training a formal preparation to use such technology as a pedagogical resource. As for ongoing training, most of them said that they had already completed training, which was offered by the public authorities. It is hoped that this research can reinforce actions that aim the best use of these resources in schools. Keywords: Portuguese language; Communication and information technologies; Education pratice. RESUMEN Este artículo investiga la formación inicial y continuada de los profesores para el uso de las tecnologías de la información y continuación en la práctica pedagógica. A tal fin, se realizó una investigación de campo, utilizando el cuestionario como instrumento de recolección de datos. El público objetivo fueron los maestros de habla portuguesa que trabajan en la educación secundaria en los colegios de Linhares - ES. Esta investigación es descriptiva, de enfoque cualitativo. Los datos indican que la mayoría de los profesores no tuvieron en su formación inicial preparación para utilizar esas tecnologías como recurso pedagógico. En cuanto a la formación continuada, la mayoría afirmó ya haber realizado capacitación, siendo esa formación ofrecida por el poder público. Se espera que esta investigación pueda subsidiar acciones que apunte al mejor aprovechamiento de esos recursos en el espacio escolar. Palabras clave: Portugués; Tecnologías de la información y comunicación; Pratica pedagógica.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.22169/revint.v13i28.1291
Tecnologia na educação superior: estratégias pedagógicas bem sucedidas para estudantes surdos
Authors: Varela Aline Martins , Rausch Rita Rausch 
Published: June 2018

RESUMO Esta pesquisa teve por objetivo analisar as principais práticas pedagógicas bem-sucedidas na Educação Superior na compreensão de estudantes surdos. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa em que os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevista semiestruturada em libras com 10 acadêmicos surdos de diferentes cursos de graduação de uma Instituição de Educação Superior de Blumenau – SC. Os dados foram analisados a partir da técnica de Análise de Conteúdo e os resultados indicaram que uma das principais estratégias pedagógicas bem sucedidas na compreensão dos estudantes surdos é o uso das tecnologias da informação e comunicação nos processos de ensinar e aprender. Os participantes destacaram que as tecnologias facilitam a aprendizagem de estudantes surdos, permitindo que façam relações entre conhecimentos concretos e abstratos, e contribuindo com o processo de inclusão. Palavras-chave: Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação; Educação Superior; Surdez. ABSTRACT The following study aimed to analyze the main successful pedagogical practices in Higher Education when it comes to deaf students. It is a qualitative research in which the data were collected through a semi-structured interview in Libras (Brazilian Sign Language) along with 10 deaf students from different undergraduate courses of a higher education institution of Blumenau – SC, Brazil. The data were analyzed using the Content Analysis technique and the results indicated that one of the main successful pedagogical strategy regarding deaf students is the use of information and communication technologies in the processes of teaching and learning. Participants emphasized that technologies facilitate deaf students learning, allowing them to connect concrete and abstract knowledge, which contributes to the inclusion process. Keywords: Information and Communication Technologies; College Education; Deafness. RESUMEN Esta investigación tuvo por objetivo analizar las principales prácticas pedagógicas exitosas en la Educación Superior en la comprensión de estudiantes sordos. Se trata de una investigación cualitativa en la que los datos fueron recogidos por medio de una entrevista semiestructurada en libras con 10 académicos sordos de diferentes cursos de graduación de una Institución de Educación Superior de Blumenau - SC. Los datos fueron analizados a partir de la técnica de Análisis de Contenido y los resultados indicaron que una de las principales estrategias pedagógicas exitosas en la comprensión de los estudiantes sordos es el uso de las tecnologías de la información y comunicación en los procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje. Los participantes destacaron que las tecnologías facilitan el aprendizaje de estudiantes sordos, permitiendo que hagan relaciones entre conocimientos concretos y abstractos, y contribuyendo con el proceso de inclusión. Palabras clave: Tecnologías de la Información y Comunicación; Educación Superior; Sordera. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.22169/revint.v13i28.1295
A Central Disque-Denúncia e sua relação com as Polícias (ou os policiais) cariocas
Authors: Patricio Luciane 
Published: June 2018

O presente artigo busca recuperar parte das discussões feitas no trabalho “Disque-Denúncia: a arma do cidadão”- Um estudo sobre os processos de construção da verdade a partir das experiências da Central Disque-Denúncia do Rio de Janeiro, dissertação de mestrado defendida em 2006 pelo Programa de Pós-Graduação em Antropologia (PPGA) da Universidade Federal Fluminense. Passados 11 anos da publicação original (e 22 anos da criação da Central), o Disque-Denúncia segue em funcionamento. Para os objetivos propostos no presente artigo busca-se compreender como se dá a relação entre a Central Disque-Denúncia e as Polícias do Rio de Janeiro. Sendo a informação anônima recebida pela Central uma “ferramenta-meio”, ou seja, um dado que demanda ser confirmado, investigado, conferido e/ou rejeitado, o funcionamento da Central depende de forma indispensável dos órgãos encarregados de checar as informações recebidas e, sobretudo da relação (mais ou menos institucionalizada, mais ou menos pessoalizada) estabelecida entre os profissionais do Disque-Denúncia e órgãos policiais que fazem uso dessa fonte de dados.
From Theatrical to Scientific Reviewing: The Case of Nikolay Blatov (1875–1942)
Authors: Lvova Irina , Lvova Dina 
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACTThis paper provides insight into the life of Nikolay Blatov, a Russian professor of accounting who was active in the early 20th century. However, this is not a biographical study in the usual sense. It attempts to apply contextual analysis to one of the aspects of Blatov's career, i.e., writing reviews for the educational literature. The paper shows that Blatov's individual style as a reviewer was determined by his cultural environment: his education and his passion for theater journalism in his young years. The study compares the figures of speech that Blatov employed in his theatrical reviews with those in his later scientific reviews. His rhetoric and style as a theater reviewer enriched his scientific reviewing. The paper also considers Blatov's contribution to developing the rules that governed the narrative of textbooks. He influenced their composition, references, style, and the boundaries within which a textbook's language would remain literary.
The Account Books of the Soranzo Fraterna (Venice 1406–1434) and Their Place in the History of Bookkeeping
Authors: Ryabova Maria 
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACT
This paper contributes to the study of the accounting and legal practice existing in the Venetian Republic in the late Middle Ages. The author examines two account books created by the Soranzo fraterna, a trading firm organized as a family partnership and operating in the first half of the 15th century. The larger of the surviving ledgers, known as the libro real novo, is generally considered to be the earliest extant Venetian example of double-entry bookkeeping. New sources discovered by the author in the State Archives of Venice confirm that the libro real novo represents a compilation of accounts (a so-called estratto) prepared in view of a complicated litigation at the giudici di petizion court. The detailed examination of the judicial conflict in question reveals the purposes behind the composition of this book and the impact that the circumstances of its creation had on the accounting techniques used.
JEL Classifications: M41; N73; N83.
Market Valuation Consequences of Avoiding Taxes While also Being Socially Responsible
Authors: Inger Kerry K. , Vansant Brian 
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACT
In this study, we examine the effects of tax avoidance and Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) activities on equity market valuation. Economic theory suggests that managers should avoid taxes through any legal means (Friedman 1970), and that CSR activities are of value to the extent that shareholder wealth is maximized (Hales, Matsumura, Moser, and Payne 2016). We hypothesize that while equity market participants may positively value both CSR and tax avoidance, these two actions are viewed as inconsistent with one another when engaged upon contemporaneously, where increased activity of one diminishes the value of the other. Results, using a sample of U.S. public firms during years 2000–2013, support our expectation and show a negative interaction between CSR and tax avoidance. A series of robustness checks provide additional evidence consistent with investors viewing CSR and tax avoidance as contradictory.
JEL Classifications: G32; M41; M49; M410.
Data Availability: Data are available from the public sources cited in the text.
Characterizing Clinical Inertia in a Large, National Database
Authors: RATTELMAN CORI R. , ARORA ANUPAMA , CUDDEBACK JOHN K. , CIEMINS ELIZABETH L. 
Published: June 2018

Objective: To characterize clinical inertia in the treatment of diabetes using a large, geographically diverse clinical database.
Study Design: A retrospective descriptive analysis was conducted in a clinical database containing 22 million patient records across 22 health care organizations (HCOs).
Population Studied: A total of 281,000 patients aged 18-75 were included during the 5.5-year study period (1/2012-6/2017). Patients had an outpatient visit in the last 12 months of the study period, an HbA1c in the last 24-30 months (index A1c), and a diagnosis of type 2 DM on a claim or EHR problem list at least 6 months prior to index A1c. A subset of 47,693 patients with an index A1c ≥8 and a prior A1c ≥8 or lack thereof, was observed for four 6-month follow-up periods for actions including a new class of diabetes medication prescribed or an A1c &lt;8. The absence of observable action following index A1c suggests potential “clinical inertia.”
Principal Findings: Six months following an index A1c≥8, 55% of patients received no observable clinical action ranging from 45-65% across HCOs and 18-96% across individual providers. A new diabetes prescription was observed in 35% of patients (7.5% moved into glycemic control, A1c&lt;8) and 10% moved into glycemic control without a new prescription. Patient characteristics associated with increased clinical inertia, i.e., no observable action, during the 6002D and 24-month follow-up periods included black race, low-income insurance, normal body mass index, and being on bolus insulin (all P&lt;.01). Within 24 months, clinical inertia was reduced to 19%, ranging from 13-28% across HCOs.
Conclusions: Lack of clinical action in the 6 months following an A1c ≥8 suggests clinical inertia vs. ADA guidelines. Greater rates in low-income insurance and race/ethnic minority adults suggests potential populations to target to ensure adequate treatment for diabetes. The decline in clinical inertia within 24 months suggests either actions not seen in the data, or later interventions that were ultimately effective.

Disclosure
C.R. Rattelman: None. A. Arora: None. J.K. Cuddeback: Research Support; Self; Novo Nordisk Inc.. Other Relationship; Self; Johnson & Johnson Diabetes Institute, LLC., Merck & Co., Inc., Sanofi US, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Eli Lilly and Company. E.L. Ciemins: None.