bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between leisure-time physical activity and sedentary behavior with cardiometabolic health in the ELSA-Brasil participants
Authors: Pitanga Francisco José Gondim , Matos Sheila Maria Alvim , Almeida Maria da Conceição C. , Patrão Ana Luísa , Molina Maria del Carmen Bisi , Aquino Estela ML 
Published: January 2019

Objectives: To assess associations, both individually and in combination, between leisure-time physical activity and sedentary behavior, and cardiometabolic health. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 13,931 civil servants participating in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil). Leisure-time physical activity was analyzed using the leisure-time domain of the long-form International Physical Activity Questionnaire, while questions related to cumulative sitting time and leisure-based screen time on a weekday and on one day on the weekend were used to establish sedentary behavior. Data analysis was performed using multivariate logistic regression. Results: Following adjustment for confounding variables, high levels of leisure-time physical activity and low levels of sedentary behavior were both associated with favorable cardiometabolic health markers in both genders. When these two factors were analyzed in conjunction, taking the combination of low levels of leisure-time physical activity and high levels of sedentary behavior as the reference, the inverse associations with cardiometabolic variables became even more significant. Conclusion: High levels of leisure-time physical activity and low levels of sedentary behavior were both inversely associated with the cardiometabolic variables analyzed; however, the two variables when evaluated in conjunction appear to produce more consistent associations, particularly when sedentary behavior is evaluated according to leisure-based screen time.
Validated specific safety checklists for urological procedures can improve staff engagement and patient safety
Authors: Noah Anthony O , Williams Kevin G , Otite Ugo 
Published: January 2019

Objective: Safety checklists have become an integral part of surgical practice. The aim of this quality improvement study was to identify and eliminate weaknesses within safety checklists for shockwave lithotripsy (SWL), flexible cystoscopy and transrectal ultrasound-guided (TRUS) biopsy of prostate. Subjects and methods: A root cause analysis was carried out into a case of incorrect side SWL treatment. Furthermore, we carried out a survey amongst staff regarding the suitability of our flexible cystoscopy and TRUS biopsy checklists. Following the introduction of new checklists, a satisfaction survey was sent to staff. Results: The initial staff survey regarding flexible cystoscopy and TRUS biopsy identified at least three irrelevant questions on the checklist, with a further six with low–moderate importance. A single checklist was created for flexible cystoscopy and TRUS biopsy, whilst a separate checklist was developed for SWL. The follow-up satisfaction survey rated the new checklists as ‘satisfactory’ (82%) or ‘very satisfactory’ (18%). Conclusion: Appropriate checklists, with questions relevant to the procedure being undertaken will lead to greater staff satisfaction and engagement. This may lead to better staff participation, which is likely to reduce errors. Level of evidence: 3.
Direct anterior approach for mini plate fixation of Regan–Morrey type II comminuted ulnar coronoid process fracture
Authors: Shen Jian-Jian , Qiu Qing-Mi , Gao Yi-Bin , Tong Song-Lin , Huang Jie-Feng 
Published: January 2019

Background: The goal of this study was to evaluate the clinical effect of Regan–Morrey type II comminuted coronoid process fracture treated with mini plate through the direct anterior approach (DAA). Methods: Ten patients who underwent open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) with mini plate through the DAA between February 2013 and August 2016 was included. There were three women and seven men, with an average age of 34.4 ± 7.5 years. At the final follow-up, the Mayo Elbow Performance Index (MEPS), Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) score, Disability of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH) score, and the elbow range of motion were noted. Results: The mean follow-up was 26.3 ± 2.2 (range 24–31) months. The mean elbow arc of motion was 118.5° with a mean arc of extension of 4° ± 5.2° and flexion of 122.5° ± 7.2°.The mean forearm pronation was 72° ± 7.2°, and the mean supination was 68° ± 6.3° with a mean forearm rotation arc of 140°. The average postoperative score according to the MEPS was 91 ± 5.7 points (range 80–100 points), and all patients achieved satisfactory scores (8 excellent and 2 good). The final average VAS score was 0.6 ± 1 (range 0–3). The final average DASH score was 4.0 ± 1.6 (range 2.3–7.4). None of the patients complained about elbow instability that required secondary surgery. No complications of infection, joint incongruency, fracture nonunion, median nerve palsy, or implant failure were reported. Conclusions: ORIF with mini plate through the DAA for the treatment of the type II comminuted coronoid process fractures can achieve satisfactory outcomes.
Neocrystallization of clay minerals in the Alhama de Murcia Fault (southeast Spain): implications for fault mechanics
Authors: Abad Isabel , Jiménez-Millán Juan , Sánchez-Roa Catalina , Nieto Fernando , Velilla Nicolás 
Published: January 2019

AbstractTwo preferred textures were observed in the Alhama de Murcia Fault rocks: (a) foliated bands (>100 µm thick) rich in well-crystallized dioctahedral micas, quartz, hematite and dolomite; and (b) ultrafine-grained bands (<100 µm thick) made of patches composed of small mica crystals (<15 µm) and dispersed Fe-oxides. In both textures, kaolinite forms intergrowths or patches of randomly oriented crystals filling gaps or opening layers of presumably inherited detrital mica crystals, which is interpreted as an epitaxial growth from fluids. The Na/K ratio of mica crystals in the thin ultrafine-grained bands shows a wider range than the micas from the foliated bands including muscovitic, intermediate Na/K and paragonitic compositions. The absence of the 0.98 nm intermediate peak in the diffractograms indicates that the small micas are submicroscopically paragonite and phengite intergrowths. The d001 values of the K-dioctahedral micas in the <2 µm and whole fractions are clearly different from each other. The d001 values of micas of the <2 µm fraction are larger, indicating a higher K and lower Na content in the small micas. Their composition corresponds to lower temperatures, suggesting their growth during a genetic episode in the fault. The textural relationships indicate a late growth of kaolinite, probably due to the fluid–rock interaction along fault planes and fractures. The neoformed clay minerals might alter the stability of the fault plane. The absence of expandable clay minerals and the relatively high frictional strength of kaolinite under wet conditions might explain the observed velocity-neutral behaviour of this gouge and earthquake propagation towards the surface.
A study of the development and improvement of fashion products using a FDM type 3D printer
Authors: Kim Sohyun , Seong Hyunjin , Her Yusun , Chun Jaehoon 
Published: January 2019

Abstract3D printing technology has been developing rapidly and is now widely used in various fields. However, the utilization of this technology in fashion products has been relatively slow. Therefore, in this study, we attempt to determine the limitations of the 3D printed clothing production process and suggest complementary measures to offset those limitations. To attain these goals, we created actual clothes using a FDM type 3D desktop printer, which is a commonly used type. Three different types of 3D printed clothes were produced based on certain geometric shapes using TPU or ABS as printing materials. The limitations of the materials, the modeling programs and the printing, manufacturing and wearing processes were examined, and several suggestions to overcome each of the limitations were presented. Based on this research, it is expected that more diverse and active attempts to utilize 3D technology will be pursued by those who develop various fashion products.
Effect of antidepressant switching between nortriptyline and escitalopram after a failed first antidepressant treatment among patients with major depressive disorder
Authors: Köhler-Forsberg Ole , Larsen Erik Roj , Buttenschøn Henriette N. , Rietschel Marcella , Hauser Joanna , Souery Daniel , Maier Wolfgang , Farmer Anne , McGuffin Peter , Aitchison Katherine J. , Uher Rudolf , Mors Ole 
Published: January 2019

BackgroundFor patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) experiencing side-effects or non-response to their first antidepressant, little is known regarding the effect of switching between a tricyclic antidepressant (TCA) and a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI).AimsTo compare the switch between the TCA nortriptyline and the SSRI escitalopram.MethodAmong 811 adults with MDD treated with nortriptyline or escitalopram for up to 12 weeks, 108 individuals switched from nortriptyline to escitalopram or vice versa because of side-effects or non-response (trial registration: EudraCT No.2004-001723-38 (https://eudract.ema.europa.eu/) and ISRCTN No.03693000 (http://www.controlled-trials.com)). Patients were followed for up to 26 weeks after switching and response was measured with the Montgomery–Åsberg Depression Rating scale (MADRS). We performed adjusted mixed-effects linear regression models with full information maximum likelihood estimation reporting β-coefficients with 95% CIs.ResultsSwitching antidepressants resulted in a significant decrease in MADRS scores. This was present for switchers from escitalopram to nortriptyline (n = 36, β = −0.38, 95% CI −0.51 to −0.25, P<0.001) and from nortriptyline to escitalopram (n = 72, β = −0.34, 95% CI −0.41 to −0.26, P<0.001). Both switching options resulted in significant improvement among individuals who switched because of non-response or side-effects. The results were supported by analyses on other rating scales and symptom dimensions.ConclusionsThese results suggest that switching from a TCA to an SSRI or vice versa after non-response or side-effects to the first antidepressant may be a viable approach to achieve response among patients with MDD.Declarations of interestK.J.A. holds an Alberta Centennial Addiction and Mental Health Research Chair, funded by the Government of Alberta. K.J.A. has been a member of various advisory boards, received consultancy fees and honoraria, and has received research grants from various companies including Johnson and Johnson Pharmaceuticals Research and Development and Bristol-Myers Squibb Pharmaceuticals Limited. D.S. has served on advisory boards for, and received unrestricted grants from, Lundbeck and AstraZeneca. A.F. and P.M. have received honoraria for participating in expert panels for Lundbeck and GlaxoSmithKline.
Prevalence of mental health problems in schools: poverty and other risk factors among 28 000 adolescents in England
Authors: Deighton Jessica , Lereya Suzet Tanya , Casey Polly , Patalay Praveetha , Humphrey Neil , Wolpert Miranda 
Published: January 2019

SummaryCurrent mental health provision for children is based on estimates of one in ten children experiencing mental health problems. This study analyses a large-scale community-based dataset of 28 160 adolescents to explore school-based prevalence of mental health problems and characteristics that predict increased odds of experiencing them. Findings indicate the scale of mental health problems in England is much higher than previous estimates, with two in five young people scoring above thresholds for emotional problems, conduct problems or hyperactivity. Gender, deprivation, child in need status, ethnicity and age were all associated with increased odds of experiencing mental health difficulties.Declarations of interestNone.
Exercise Arrangement Is Associated with Physical and Mental Health in Older Adults
Authors: SEINO SATOSHI , KITAMURA AKIHIKO , TOMINE YUI , TANAKA IZUMI , NISHI MARIKO , TANIGUCHI YU , YOKOYAMA YURI , AMANO HIDENORI , FUJIWARA YOSHINORI , SHINKAI SHOJI 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACTPurposeAlthough exercising with others might have health benefits, no previous study has comprehensively examined associations of exercise arrangement with physical activity (PA), physical function (PF), and mental health (MH). We examined whether PA, PF, and MH are better when exercising with others than when exercising alone or not exercising.MethodsWe analyzed cross-sectional data from 7759 (4007 men and 3752 women) nondisabled residents age 65 to 84 yr. PA, PF, and MH were assessed with the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (PA sufficiency defined as ≥150 min·wk−1of moderate-to-vigorous PA), Motor Fitness Scale (higher PF defined as total score ≥12 in men and ≥10 in women), and World Health Organization-Five Well-Being Index (better MH defined as a total score ≥13), respectively. Exercise arrangement was classified as “nonexerciser,” “exercising alone,” and “exercising with others.” Using multilevel logistic regression analyses, we examined independent associations of exercise arrangement with PA, PF, and MH.ResultsCompared with exercising alone, the multivariate-adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence interval) among nonexercisers and those exercising with others were 0.21 (0.17–0.25) and 1.32 (1.04–1.67), respectively, for PA sufficiency, 0.47 (0.40–0.57) and 1.12 (0.94–1.34) for higher PF, and 0.69 (0.58–0.82) and 1.45 (1.17–1.79) for better MH, respectively, in men. In women, the corresponding odds ratios were 0.37 (0.30–0.46) and 1.31 (1.01–1.70) for PA sufficiency, 0.66 (0.54–0.80) and 1.08 (0.88–1.32) for higher PF, and 0.70 (0.58–0.85) and 1.27 (1.03–1.56) for better MH, respectively.ConclusionsExercising alone and with others were better than no exercise for maintaining better PA, PF, and MH in both sexes. Although exercise arrangement had little effect on maintaining PF, exercising with others appears to enhance PA levels and MH in both sexes.
Metabolic Implications of Diet and Energy Intake during Physical Inactivity
Authors: WINN NATHAN C. , PETTIT-MEE RYAN , WALSH LAUREN K. , RESTAINO ROBERT M. , READY SEAN T. , PADILLA JAUME , KANALEY JILL A. 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT

Purpose
Physical inactivity is associated with disruptions in glucose metabolism and energy balance, whereas energy restriction may blunt these adverse manifestations. During hypocaloric feeding, higher-protein intake maintains lean mass which is an important component of metabolic health. This study determined whether mild energy restriction preserves glycemic control during physical inactivity and whether this preservation is more effectively achieved with a higher-protein diet.

Methods
Ten adults (24 ± 1 yr) consumed a control (64% carbohydrate, 20% fat, 16% protein) and higher-protein diet (50% carbohydrate, 20% fat, 30% protein) during two 10-d inactivity periods (>10,000 → ~5000 steps per day) in a randomized crossover design. Energy intake was decreased by ~400 kcal·d−1 to account for reduced energy expenditure associated with inactivity. A subset of subjects (n = 5) completed 10 d of inactivity while consuming 35% excess of their basal energy requirements, which served as a positive control condition (overfeeding+inactivity).

Results
Daily steps were decreased from 12,154 ± 308 to 4275 ± 269 steps per day (P < 0.05) which was accompanied by reduced V˙O2max (−1.8 ± 0.7 mL·kg−1·min−1, P < 0.05), independent of diet conditions. No disruptions in fasting or postprandial glucose, insulin, and nonesterified fatty acids in response to 75 g of oral glucose were observed after inactivity for both diet conditions (P > 0.05). Overfeeding+inactivity increased body weight, body fat, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, and 2-h postprandial glucose and insulin concentrations (P < 0.05), despite no changes in lipid concentrations.

Conclusions
We show that independent of diet (normal vs higher-protein), mild energy restriction preserves metabolic function during short-term inactivity in healthy subjects. That is, metabolic deterioration with inactivity only manifests in the setting of energy surplus.
Physical Activity, Sleep, and Symptoms of Depression in Adults—Testing for Mediation
Authors: KASEVA KAISA , DOBEWALL HENRIK , YANG XIAOLIN , PULKKI-RÅBACK LAURA , LIPSANEN JARI , HINTSA TAINA , HINTSANEN MIRKA , PUTTONEN SAMPSA , HIRVENSALO MIRJA , ELOVAINIO MARKO , RAITAKARI OLLI , TAMMELIN TUIJA 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT

Purpose
Physical activity, sleep problems, and symptoms of depression contribute to overall well-being. The factors are reciprocally associated, but the nature of these associations remains unclear. The present study examined whether sleep problems mediated the association between physical activity and depressive symptoms.

Methods
The eligible population (n = 3596) consisted of adults from the ongoing, population-based Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study started in 1980. Participants’ leisure-time physical activity was assessed with physical activity index (2007) and sleep problems with Jenkins’ Sleep Questionnaire in 2007 and 2011. Depressive symptoms were measured using modified Beck Depression Inventory in 2007 and 2012, from which the items reflecting sleep problems were excluded. Mediation analyses, through which the associations between the variables were examined, were adjusted for sex and a set of health-related covariates assessed in 2007 and 2011.

Results
Physical activity was associated with decreased levels of sleep problems and depressive symptoms (P < 0.05). The association between physical activity and depressive symptoms (b = −0.10, P < 0.01) was partly mediated by sleep problems (proportion mediated = 0.36, P < 0.01). The adjustment for depressive symptoms at baseline attenuated the mediation effect (proportion mediated = 0.30, P > 0.05).

Conclusions
Physical activity’s favorable contribution to depressive symptoms was mediated partly by sleep, but the mediation effect disappeared after adjusting for the previous depressive symptoms in adulthood.
Histamine-Receptor Antagonists Slow 10-km Cycling Performance in Competitive Cyclists
Authors: ELY MATTHEW R. , SIECK DYLAN C. , MANGUM JOSHUA E. , LARSON EMILY A. , BRITO LEANDRO C. , MINSON CHRISTOPHER T. , HALLIWILL JOHN R. 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACTHistamine is released within skeletal muscle during exercise. In humans, antihistamines have no effect on speed, power output, or time-to-completion of short-duration high-intensity exercise. In mice, blocking histamine’s actions decreases speed and duration of endurance tasks. It is unknown if these opposing outcomes are the result of differences in histamine’s actions between species or are related to duration and/or intensity of exercise, as blocking histamine during endurance exercise has not been examined in humans.PurposeDetermine the effects of histamine-receptor antagonism on cycling time trial performance in humans, with and without a preceding bout of sustained steady-state exercise.MethodsEleven (3F) competitive cyclists performed six 10-km time trials on separate days. The first two time trials served as familiarization. The next four time trials were performed in randomized-block order, where two were preceded by 120 min of seated rest (rest) and two by 120 min of cycling exercise (Exercise) at 50% V˙O2peak. Within each block, subjects consumed either combined histamine H1and H2receptor antagonists (Blockade) or Placebo, before the start of the 120-min Rest/Exercise.ResultsBlockade had no discernible effects on hemodynamic or metabolic variables during Rest or Exercise. However, Blockade increased time-to-completion of the 10-km time trial compared with Placebo (+10.5 ± 3.7 s,P< 0.05). Slowing from placebo to blockade was not different between rest (+8.7 ± 5.2 s) and Exercise (+12.3 ± 5.8 s,P= 0.716).ConclusionsExercise-related histaminergic signaling appears inherent to endurance exercise and may play a role in facilitating optimal function during high-intensity endurance exercise.
A Ride-Sharing Problem with Meeting Points and Return Restrictions
Authors: Chen Wenyi , Mes Martijn , Schutten Marco , Quint Job 
Published: January 2019

Ride sharing has been widely acknowledged as an effective solution for reducing travel costs, congestion, and pollution. This paper considers the ride-sharing problem of the scheduled commuter and business traffic within a closed community of companies that agree to share the calendars of their employees. We propose a formulation in the form of a general integer linear program (ILP) for the aforementioned ride-sharing problem, which incorporates return restrictions to satisfy the business needs, as well as meeting points and the option for riders to transfer between drivers. All the instances with 40 and 60 participants and most of the instances with 80 participants can be solved to optimality within a time limit of two hours. Using instances of up to 100 participants, the ILP can be solved with a gap of no more than 1.8% within the time limit. Because of the high computational complexity, we develop a constructive heuristic that is based on the savings concept. This heuristic is also able to combine ride sharing with the use of an external mobility service provider. Our numerical study shows that ride sharing can be an effective way of reducing the number of trips and vehicle miles. Particularly, ride sharing creates more benefits when the participation is high and when the origins and the destinations of the trips are more spatially concentrated. The results show that ride sharing can create up to 31.3% mileage savings and up to 28.7% reduction in the number of cars needed to fulfill employees’ travel schedules. We also illustrate our model using a real-life ride-sharing problem of a Dutch consultancy and research firm. The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/trsc.2018.0832 .
Platelet lysates from aged donors promote human tenocyte proliferation and migration in a concentration-dependent manner
Authors: Berger D. R. , Centeno C. J. , Steinmetz N. J. 
Published: January 2019

Objectives Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is being used increasingly often in the clinical setting to treat tendon-related pathologies. Yet the optimal PRP preparations to promote tendon healing in different patient populations are poorly defined. Here, we sought to determine whether increasing the concentration of platelet-derived proteins within a derivative of PRP, platelet lysate (PL), enhances tenocyte proliferation and migration in vitro, and whether the mitogenic properties of PL change with donor age. Methods Concentrated PLs from both young (< 50 years) and aged (> 50 years) donors were prepared by exposing pooled PRP to a series of freeze-thaw cycles followed by dilution in plasma, and the levels of several platelet-derived proteins were measured using multiplex immunoassay technology. Human tenocytes were cultured with PLs to simulate a clinically relevant PRP treatment range, and cell growth and migration were assessed using DNA quantitation and gap closure assays, respectively. Results Platelet-derived protein levels increased alongside higher PL concentrations, and PLs from both age groups improved tenocyte proliferation relative to control conditions. However, PLs from aged donors yielded a dose-response relationship in tenocyte behaviour, with higher PL concentrations resulting in increased tenocyte proliferation and migration. Conversely, no significant differences in tenocyte behaviour were detected when increasing the concentration of PLs from younger donors. Conclusion Higher PL concentrations, when prepared from the PRP of aged but not young donors, were more effective than lower PL concentrations at promoting tenocyte proliferation and migration in vitro. Cite this article: D. R. Berger, C. J. Centeno, N. J. Steinmetz. Platelet lysates from aged donors promote human tenocyte proliferation and migration in a concentration-dependent manner. Bone Joint Res 2019;8:32–40. DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.81.BJR-2018-0164.R1.