bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impacto de un modelo pedagógico constructivista apoyado con TIC para desarrollar competencias en medicina
Authors: Huerta Ramírez Saúl , Castro Serna David , Paniagua Pérez Angélica , Melchor López Alberto 
Published: October 2018

Introducción: Muchas universidades que imparten la carrera de medicina han desarrollado planes de estudio y métodos de evaluación bajo un enfoque por competencias.Los modelos de enseñanza en las aulas no han evolucionado a la par de estos planes, pues se observa un predominio de los modelos pedagógicos tradicionales. Por tal motivo, es necesario proponer nuevos métodos de enseñanza de la medicina que aprovechen la tecnología disponible y evaluar el impacto que estas nuevas estrategias tienen en el desarrollo de las competencias académicas.
Objetivo: proponer y evaluar el impacto que tiene un modelo pedagógico constructivista apoyado por las TIC (tecnologías de la información y comunicación) en el logro de competencias en medicina y compararlo con el modelo tradicional.
Método: 35 estudiantes de la carrera de médico cirujano de la Facultad de Medicina UNAM y de la Universidad Justo Sierra (JS) que cursaron la materia de geriatría en un hospital de 2o nivel, fueron divididos en 2 grupos para cursar una unidad temática bajo un modelo de enseñanza tradicional (MT) o bajo un modelo constructivista apoyado por las TIC (MCAT). Al final se midió el logro de 5 competencias académicas en ambos grupos.
Resultados: El grupo que llevó el modelo tradicional (MT) se conformó con 17 estudiantes y el grupo que cursó con el modelo constructivista apoyado por las TIC (MCAT) con 18 estudiantes. En la competencia “toma de decisiones”, “resolución de problemas” e “historia clínica” hubo diferencia significativa en el grado de competencias alcanzadas a favor de los que cursaron con el MCAT (p<0.05). En la competencia “razonamiento clínico” y “conocimiento” no hubo diferencia en el grado de competencias alcanzadas entre los dos modelos.
Conclusiones: Utilizando un modelo de enseñanza constructivista apoyado por las TIC los estudiantes desarrollan niveles más altos de competencias en “toma de decisiones”, “resolución de problemas” e “historia clínica”.
Conocimiento sobre infecciones asociadas a la atención sanitaria en docentes de una universidad venezolana
Authors: Guevara Armando , Cuesta Carlos , Hernández Mauricio , Tedesco-Maiullari Rosa , Gascón Cheila 
Published: October 2018

Introducción: Las infecciones asociadas a la atención sanitaria (IAAS) representan un problema de salud pública. La formación adecuada de los futuros profesionales es clave para poder prevenirlas y controlarlas, por tanto es perentorio contar con docentes preparados para tal fin.
Objetivo: Evaluar el conocimiento sobre las IAAS y su prevención que poseen los docentes de la Escuela de Ciencias de la Salud “Dr. Francisco Battistini Casalta” de la Universidad de Oriente, Venezuela.
Método: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, de corte transversal con diseño de campo donde se incluyó a 90 docentes de las carreras de Medicina (50), Licenciatura en Bioanálisis (16) y Licenciatura en Enfermería (24) mediante un muestreo aleatorio estratificado. Se aplicó una encuesta para investigar conocimientos sobre tres áreas específicas: conocimientos generales sobre IAAS, precauciones estándar e higiene de manos.
Resultados: El 67.8% de los encuestados fue del sexo femenino. La edad promedio fue 46.9 años (DS ±10.4; rango: 25-72). El puntaje promedio en la encuesta fue de 18.08 puntos, por encima del promedio necesario para aprobar la misma. El 66.67% de los encuestados aprobó la encuesta. Se encontró que los docentes manejan los conceptos básicos sobre las precauciones estándar pero no sobre las generalidades de las IAAS, ni de higiene de manos donde el desempeño fue deficiente.
Conclusiones: Los docentes tienen conocimientos adecuados sobre las IAAS y su prevención. Sin embargo, presentan deficiencias en aspectos puntuales como en generalidades sobre las IAAS, el uso adecuado de los guantes e higiene de manos.
Desarrollo del pensamiento crítico mediante la simulación de alta fidelidad con estudiantes de medicina
Authors: López Cabrera Mildred Vanessa , Segura-Azuara Nancy de los Ángeles , Valencia Castro Johanna Lizbeth 
Published: October 2018

Introducción: El pensamiento crítico explora las causas y consecuencias de las acciones que conllevan la generación de conocimiento, esto es de vital importancia para la formación de profesionales de salud. Una estrategia comúnmente usada para su desarrollo es la simulación clínica. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar si la simulación clínica desarrolla el pensamiento crítico en estudiantes de medicina.
Método: Es un estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo y cuasiexperimental, en el que participaron 51 alumnos, se utilizó como instrumento el Cuestionario de Competencias Genéricas Individuales para evaluar el pensamiento crítico en tres dimensiones: Interpretación y análisis de la información; Juicio de una situación específica con datos objetivos y subjetivos; e Inferencia de las consecuencias de la decisión basándose en el juicio autorregulado. Se diseñaron y aplicaron dos casos: insuficiencia renal aguda y glomerulonefritis. Como parte del análisis se utilizó la prueba t-student así como estadística descriptiva.
Resultados: Al comparar la media general obtenida en la competencia de pensamiento crítico, se obtuvo una t-student de 0.1549, lo cual indica con un intervalo de confianza del 95%, que las medias no tienen una diferencia significativa. Tampoco se encontraron diferencias significativas al comparar las medias por dimensión.
Conclusiones: La evidencia de este estudio indica que la simulación no desarrolla las habilidades del pensamiento crítico. Una de las explicaciones para la poca diferencia entre los resultados del pre y post-test fue el poco tiempo que transcurrió entre la primera y la segunda aplicación del cuestionario. A futuro, esta experiencia se repetirá dejando más tiempo entre las evaluaciones, lo cual permitirá una visualización más cercana al desarrollo de la misma en los estudiantes.
The Effect of a Smartphone-Based, Patient-Centered Diabetes Care System in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized, Controlled Trial for 24 Weeks
Authors: Kim Eun Ky , Kwak Soo Heon , Jung Hye Seung , Koo Bo Kyung , Moon Min Kyong , Lim Soo , Jang Hak Chul , Park Kyong Soo , Cho Young Min 
Published: October 2018

OBJECTIVE
This study evaluated the efficacy of a smartphone-based, patient-centered diabetes care system (mDiabetes) for type 2 diabetes that contains comprehensive modules for glucose monitoring, diet, physical activity, and a clinical decision support system.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
We conducted a 24-week, multicenter, randomized controlled trial with adult patients with inadequately controlled type 2 diabetes. The patients were randomly assigned to the mDiabetes group or the paper logbook (pLogbook) group. The primary end point was the difference of the change in HbA1c from baseline between the two groups.

RESULTS
HbA1c reduction from baseline was greater in the mDiabetes group (−0.40 ± 0.09%, n = 90) than in the pLogbook group (−0.06 ± 0.10%, n = 82). The difference of adjusted mean changes was 0.35% (95% CI 0.14–0.55, P = 0.001). The proportion of patients whose HbA1c fell below 7.0% (53 mmol/mol) was 41.1% for the mDiabetes group and 20.7% for the pLogbook group (odds ratio [OR] 2.01, 95% CI 1.24–3.25, P = 0.003). The percentage of patients who attained HbA1c levels below 7.0% (53 mmol/mol) without hypoglycemia was 31.1% in the mDiabetes group and 17.1% in the pLogbook group (OR 1.82, 95% CI 1.03–3.21, P = 0.024). There was no difference in the event numbers of severe hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia between the two groups.

CONCLUSIONS
The implementation of the mDiabetes for patients with inadequately controlled type 2 diabetes resulted in a significant reduction in HbA1c levels, with tolerable safety profiles.
PHONETIC MISTAKES OF FOREIGNERS IN THE POLISH LANGUAGE AND METHODS OF THEIR ELIMINATION
Authors: Kazakov Oleksiy , Galaidin Andrii 
Published: October 2018

The article presents the results of observations of phonetic mistakes made by pupils and students from Ukraine who study the Polish language. The article contains analysis of the cause of these mistakes as well as recommendations for their elimination and prevention. In the course of the study, there has been considered experience of leading Polish and Ukrainian Polonists, including Alla Kravchuk and Jan Miodek. The article may be useful for teachers (lecturers) of the Polish language
(In)decorosa alegría: la traducción inglesa de Don Quijote por Phillips de 1687 y la función social del humor
Authors: Cohen Eli 
Published: October 2018

La traducción del Quijote de John Phillips (1687) ha sido considerada una de las peores traducciones de toda la historia, definitivamente la peor versión de la obra cervantina. Sin embargo, un análisis de la traducción de Phillips en el contexto de la cultura inglesa de la segunda mitad del siglo XVII permite ver en la obra de Phillips una lectura perspicaz tanto de la obra original como de su propio contexto. El texto de Phillips presenta no sólo una traducción lingüística de la obra original, sino también una traducción del mecanismo literario del texto cervantino, según la cual Phillips reproduce el uso de la obra literaria para criticar de modo indirecto el discurso, los usos y los valores contemporáneos.
Gastroprotective effects of methanol extract of Eremomastax speciosa leaf harvested in Southern part of Nigeria in rat
Authors: Onoja Samuel O. , Chinagorom Osborn , Ikpa Chinyere B. C. , Madubuike Kelechi G. , Ezeigbo Ihechiluru I. , Ijioma Solomon N. , Anaga Aruh O. , Ezeja Maxwell I. 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Gastric ulcer is one of the common cause of hospital consultation with an increasing prevalence worldwide and it is traditionally managed with herbal medicine in the developing countries. This study investigated the gastroprotective effects of methanol extract of Eremomastax speciosa leaf in rats. Cold maceration in 80% methanol was adopted during extract preparation while gas chromatography mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) was employed in the phytochemical analysis. The doses of 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg E. speciosa were used on ethanol-and indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer models in rats. The shay rat method was used to determine the effects of ESE on gastric acidity while the anticholinergic and antihistaminic activities were investigated on isolated rabbit jejunum ex vivo. The GC-MS analysis identified six bioactive compounds. Both ESE and cimetidine significantly (p < 0.05) reduced the severity of indomethacin- and ethanol-induced gastric injuries and gastric acid contents in Shay rats. The extract elicited concentration-dependent relaxation of isolated rabbit jejunum and reduced the contraction induced by both acetylcholine and histamine in the same tissue. The findings showed that ESE protected the rats against chemical-induced gastric ulcer through anticholinergic and antihistaminic mechanisms.
Quality assurance of genetic laboratories and the EBTNA practice certification, a simple standardization assurance system for a laboratory network
Authors: Precone Vincenza , Dundar Munis , Beccari Tommaso , Turanli Eda Tahir , Cecchin Stefano , Marceddu Giuseppe , Manara Elena , Bertelli Matteo 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Analytical laboratory results greatly influence medical diagnosis, about 70% of medical decisions are based on laboratory results. Quality assurance and quality control are designed to detect and correct errors in a laboratory’s analytical process to ensure both the reliability and accuracy of test results. Unreliable performance can result in misdiagnosis and delayed treatment. Furthermore, improved quality guarantees increased productivity at a lower cost. Quality assurance programmes include internal quality control, external quality assessment, proficiency surveillance and standardization. It is necessary to try to ensure compliance with the requirements of the standards at all levels of the process. The sources of these standards are the International Standards Organization (ISO), national standards bodies, guidelines from professional organisations, accreditation bodies and governmental regulations. Laboratory networks increase the performance of laboratories in support of diagnostic screening programme. It is essential that genetic laboratories of a network have procedures underpinned by a robust quality assurance system to minimize errors and to reassure the clinicians and the patients that international standards are being met. This article provides an overview of the bases of quality assurance and its importance in genetic tests and it reports the EBTNA quality assurance system which is a clear and simple system available for access to adequate standardization of a genetic laboratory’s network.
Estimation of Energy Demand in a Territorial Government Unit – Methodological Problems
Authors: Kowalczyk-Juśko Alina , Kościk Bogdan 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Subject and purpose of work: The aim of the study is to identify methodological problems, which may be encountered during the preparation of the energy balance of a territorial unit, along with indications of ways to solve them. Materials and methods: Problems were identified during the preparation of the energy balance for two selected rural communes and then they were investigated with reference to the literature on this subject. Results: Estimating the energy demand of a local government unit requires proper identification of the groups of energy consumers, divided into facilities owned or co-owned by communes and ones independent from commune authorities. The latter group is divided further, into households, businesses, farms. For each of the users different methods of obtaining data may be needed: a survey and analysis of statistical data, analysis of financial documents, evaluation of the buildings’ age. Generally, however, preparing an energy balance statement requires many simultaneous approaches, and the combination of multi-criterion analysis provides the most reliable picture of the problem. Conclusions: The scope of the data needed to compile an energy balance statement for local government units, depends on the purpose of the developed analysis. Methodological handbooks and training materials on this subject are helpful, but the developed methodologies may need to be modified and adapted to specific conditions.
Regional Disparities in Development – The Case of Poland
Authors: Pawlas Iwona 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Subject and purpose of work: The paper focuses on identification and assessment of regional disparities in development of Poland in regard to demographic potential, economic development, social development and technical infrastructure in 2006, 2010 and 2015. Materials and methods: Research was conducted with the use of Central Statistical Office’s statistical information with the application of Hellwig’s taxonomic measure of development and standard deviation method of linearly ordered objects’ grouping. Results: Mazovian province was a leader in regard to demographic potential and economic development, while Silesian province took the first position in case of social development and technical infrastructure. The highest levels of synthetic measure of development were noted in Mazovian and Silesian provinces, while the lowest ones were observed in: Warmińsko-Mazurskie and Lubelskie provinces. Conclusions: Pro-development activities should be intensified in the regions with significantly lower level of socioeconomic development, worse equipment in technical infrastructure and weaker demographic potential.
Cooperation for the Development of Tourism in a Region Based on the Example of Local Governments of Municipalities within the Valuable Natural Areas of The Lublin Province
Authors: Guzal-Dec Danuta 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Subject and purpose of work: The subject of the work was intra- and intersectoral cooperation between local governments for the development of tourism. The aim of the work was to evaluate the activity of local governments natural valuable areas of Lublin Province in undertaking co-operation in tourism. Materials and methods: The accomplishment of the objective was supported by the analysis of the literature of the subject and the results of the research carried out in 2013. The area of the study was composed of 30 municipalities of the highest ecological value group in Lublin Province. A diagnostic survey method was applied, with the use of an interview questionnaire which was addressed to village and town mayors. The additional source of information consisted of the web pages of municipal offices, organizations, which belonged to the surveyed local governments and statutes of these organizations. Results: It was shown that local governments within natural valuable areas did not sufficiently exploit diagonal co-operation in stimulating tourism development. The measures aimed at supporting tourism were characterized by lack of comprehensiveness. Only about one third of self-governments undertook comprehensive measures using forms of intrasectoral and intersectoral cooperation. Conclusions: Further development and intensification of diagonal cooperation is postulated, as well as promotion of good practices.
Economic Aspects of Ceramic Waste Recycling through Its Use as Aggregate in Mineral-Asphalt Mixtures
Authors: Zegardło Bartosz , Andrzejuk Wojciech , Andrzejewicz Urszula , Nitychoruk Jerzy 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Subject and purpose of work: This article is a continuation of ongoing research; whose primary aim was to show ceramic waste as a full-value substrate for the production of mineral-asphalt mixtures. The authors, basing on the examined characteristics of aggregate obtained in the process of crushing the socalled “ceramic cullet”, present the thesis that this material can be a full-fledged aggregate for concretes used in road construction. The authors emphasize ecological advantages of such a solution. The purpose of this research was to analyse whether such measures as those described above are economically justifiable. Materials and methods: In the article, based on business data, the costs were estimated and compared to the prices of the aggregates used by companies producing asphalt mixtures. Results: Economic comparisons have shown that the costs of described recycling were not satisfactory. Conclusions: Taking into account the ecological effect, it is recommended that ceramic waste is recycled by using it for the production of mineral-asphalt mixes for general use.
Administrative and Taxation Mechanisms Supporting the Purchase and Maintenance of Electric Vehicles Based on the Example of Poland and other Selected European Countries
Authors: Kasprzak Piotr , Sterniński Robert 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Subject and purpose of work: The aim of this article is to review the current mechanisms of supporting the purchase of electric cars, with particular emphasis on tax reliefs and exemptions. Materials and methods: The research method consists of a review of literature, legal regulations and industry reports regarding the presented subject. Results: The authors analyzed the global electric car market, presenting the examples of the countries in which the share of electric vehicles has recently increased significantly in the total number of cars. In addition, current discounts and other preferences for the purchase of electric cars in European countries are presented together with future potential mechanism for buyers of electric in Poland. Conclusions: The price is the main economic determinate for buying the particular type of a car. The costs of acquiring and operating an electric car are currently higher than the costs for traditional combustion vehicles. However, the EU and European states’ authorities are processing to increase the popularity of electric cars, offering tax reliefs and other preferences with noticeably effects.
Tanrı Ve Özgürlük: Gazâlî Ve Thomas Aquınas Ekseninde Bir İnceleme
Authors: ÇAM M. Zahit , AÇIKGÖZ Büşra Ahsen 
Published: October 2018

Tanrı özgür müdür? İnsandan hareketle tanımladığımız özgürlük
kavramının Tanrı’ya atfı nasıl ve ne şekilde mümkün olabilir? sorularını ele
alan bu kitap, giriş kısmına ilaveten üç bölümden oluşmaktadır. Giriş kısmında
yazar ana hatlarıyla sorunu dile getirmekte ve çalışmanın önemine binâen bu
konuda yapılmış olan literatür hakkında bir değerlendirme sunmaktadır. Akabinde
çalışmada takip ettiği yönteme ve çalışmayı özgün kılan yönlere kısaca temas
etmektedir. Eserin giriş bölümü okuru konuya âşina kılacak kavramlar ve
sorularla başlamaktadır. Dolayısıyla
eserin ilerleyen kısımlarında okurun zihnini karıştıracak birtakım soruların
oluşmasının da önüne geçilmiş olmaktadır. Yazarın kullandığı tümdengelim
yöntemi de konuyu bütüncül şekilde ele aldığı için meseleyi okur açısından daha
anlaşılır ve akıcı kılmaktadır.
Forensic Evaluation of Compacted Soils using RAMCODES
Authors: Oyola-Guzmán Romer D. , Oyola-Morales Rómulo 
Published: October 2018

Unexpected failure of compacted soils was explained using design curves of the Rational Methodology for Compacted Geomaterial’s Density and Strength Analysis (RAMCODES). Forensic geotechnical evaluation, applied to a compacted soil used at a construction site, demonstrated that the bearing capacity of the soil was influenced by the water content and the dry unit weight. At the construction site, the only criterion used for quality control of the compacted soil was the minimum compaction percentage; the maximum dry unit weight (achieved using the standard Proctor test) was used when the soil was compacted with light equipment, and the maximum dry unit weight (achieved using the modified Proctor test) was used when it was compacted with heavy equipment. After changing water content conditions, the soil compacted with heavy equipment and the soil compacted with light equipment exhibited changes in bearing capacity; the soil compacted with light equipment showed a failure, whereas the soil compacted with heavy equipment did not. The causes of failure were evaluated from samples of soil analyzed in the laboratory; analysis was performed using design curves obtained through a factorial experimental design. Our analysis revealed that the criterion of minimum compaction percentage was not adequate to determine the actual mechanical performance of the soil. We sought to determine why the soil compacted with light equipment did not satisfy the bearing capacity expected after compaction, and what other actions should performed at a construction site to avoid failure of soils compacted with light equipment.