bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optic disk hemorrhage and vitreous hemorrhage after phacoemulsification in a normal tension glaucoma patient
Authors: Hu Rongrong , Shen Liping , Wang Xiaoyu 
Published: June 2019

Abstract

Rationale:
Optic disk hemorrhage has been closely correlated with glaucoma for its development and progression. Phacoemulsification surgery results in large intraocular pressure (IOP) fluctuation. We report a case of optic disk hemorrhage and consequently progressive vitreous hemorrhage after an unsuccessful phacoemulsification surgery in an advanced normal tension glaucoma (NTG) patient.

Patient concerns:
An advanced NTG patient of 82 years old with chronic hypertension underwent an unsuccessful phacoemulsification surgery complicated by posterior capsule rupture. During the postoperative 2 weeks, recurrent episodes of fresh hyphema occurred and B ultrasonography scan revealed the progressive vitreous hemorrhage. The IOP went out of control under the maximum tolerable IOP-lowering medications.

Diagnosis:
Vitreous hemorrhage after phacoemulsification in an advanced NTG patient.

Interventions:
Vitrectomy was performed to search for the cause of the progressive vitreous hemorrhage. After removal of the thick vitreous hemorrhage, a fresh spot of optic disk hemorrhage was detected at the nasal margin of the significantly-cupping disk.

Outcomes:
Postoperatively, the hemorrhagic vitreous opacity gradually resolved and the IOP remained stable at 10 ∼13 mmHg with topical prostaglandin analogue drops. Fundus examination revealed the dilated disk vessel with localized angiomatous change at the nasal disk margin.

Lessons:
Severe optic disk hemorrhage may occur after phacoemulsification in advanced glaucoma patients. Systemic vascular factors, such as chronic hypertension and old age, and surgical complications, such as posterior capsule rupture and postoperative IOP elevation, would further increase the risk. For phacoemulsification in advanced glaucoma cases, extra care should be taken to control intraoperative IOP fluctuations and monitor postoperative IOP.
Risk of elevation of serum creatine kinase among HIV-positive individuals receiving dolutegravir-based combination antiretroviral therapy
Authors: Chen Guan-Jhou , Sun Hsin-Yun , Cheng Aristine , Chuang Yu-Chung , Huang Yu-Shan , Lin Kuan-Yin , Huang Yi-Chia , Liu Wen-Chun , Wu Pei-Ying , Hung Chien-Ching , Chang Shan-Chwen 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
We aimed to compare the risks of creatine kinase (CK) elevation between patients receiving dolutegravir-based antiretroviral therapy (ART) and those receiving non-integrase strand transfer inhibitor (InSTI)-based ART.
HIV-positive patients seeking HIV outpatient care between February 2017 and March 2018 were retrospectively reviewed to collect information on ART, practices of vigorous exercise, and laboratory tests including CK level, plasma HIV RNA load, and concurrent medications. The incidences of CK elevation were estimated among patients receiving dolutegravir-based ART and those receiving non-InSTI-based ART.
During the 14-month study period, 1406 patients (mean age 39.4 years and 96.9% being male) were included. The incidence rate of grade 3 or grade 4 CK elevation (>10-fold of the upper limit of normal) was 2.0 per 100 person-years of follow-up (PYFU) and 1.3 per 100 PYFU in the dolutegravir and non-InSTI group, respectively (P = .32). While dolutegravir group had a higher rate of CK elevation of any level than non-InSTI group (22.9 vs 17.4 per 100 PYFU, P = .01), the risk was associated with weight (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], per 10-kg increase, 1.03; 95% CI, 1.02–1.04), duration of exercise (aOR, per 1-hour increase, 1.02; 95% CI 1.01–1.03), but not with dolutegravir-based ART (aOR, 1.00; 95% CI, 0.99–1.06) after adjusting for the testing frequency of serum CK in the multivariate generalized estimating equation model. No patients were hospitalized or switched ART due to CK elevation.
Serum CK elevation was associated with weight and duration of exercise among HIV-positive patients receiving ART, but not with dolutegravir-based ART.
C-reactive protein is a significant predictor of improved survival in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer.
Authors: Xiao Xiaoguang , Wang Shujing , Long Guoxian 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
This study tries to evaluate the associations between circulating C-reactive protein (CRP) and the overall survival of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
One hundred ninety-two patients with advanced NSCLC who treated with chemotherapy were enrolled in this study. The cut-off value of CRP concentration was 5.0 mg/L. The patients were divided into low, intermediate and high 3 groups respectively according to the baseline level of CRP before the treatment. Kaplan–Meier analysis and Cox proportional-hazard models were used to evaluate the relationship between the CRP and overall survival time of patients.
After adjusting for age, gender, smoking history, pathologic type, CRP was a significant independent impact which predicts the survival prognosis of patients with NSCLC. For all patients, the hazard ratio with high CRP levels for NSCLC-specific survival was 1.83 [95%confidenceinterval (CI) = 0.96, 3.48] compared with low CRP levels. The level of CRP was significantly correlated with survival time (hazard ratio = 1.77; 95% CI = 0.73, 4.26) for the patient with first-line chemotherapy. Patients with high level of circulating CRP also responded poorly to chemotherapy.
A high level of circulating CRP was associated with a poor response and worse survival in patients with NSCLC.
Successful treatment of disseminated fusariosis in a patient with acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Yu Jieni , Chen Yan , Fang Jiabin , Zhang Kejie 
Published: June 2019

Abstract

Rationale:

Fusarium is the second most common cause of fungi infections in the immunocompromised patients with the mortality rate over 80%. Early identification and appropriate selection of antifungal drugs is the key to successful treatment.

Patient concerns:
A 31-year-old female was diagnosed with acute lymphocytic leukemia (pro-B ALL). She developed a high fever and presented with typical painful purple nodules with central necrosis formed on the upper and lower limbs during the induction chemotherapy.

Diagnosis:
Combining clinical manifestations with results of blood culture testing and sequencing methods, it was consistent with the diagnosis of disseminated fusariosis.

Interventions:
The patient was treated with the combination of tigecycline and antifungal agents (Liposomal Amphotericin B and Voriconazole),

Outcomes:
The skin lesions generally healed with some scar left after treating with antifungal agents for 6 weeks. The final date of follow-up was 1.5 years later, and the patient was alive with no diseases.

Lessons:
This case highlights the importance of the typical cutaneous lesions for early diagnosis and proper treatment to decrease the mortality rate of this severe infection. This patient was successfully treated with the combination of tigecycline and antifungal agents, which may be the first clinical confirmation of tigecycline that improved the effectiveness of antifungal agents against fusariosis, but it requires more studies to verify. We reviewed 62 cases from literature and analyzed using logistic regression and recognized the high-risk factor for fusariosis mortality in patients with acute leukemia was non-remission of underlying disease.
Is there still a place for vinorelbine in advanced metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer?
Authors: Roviello Giandomenico , Corona Silvia Paola , Conca Raffaele , Petrioli Roberto , Rosellini Pietro , Bonetta Alberto , Aieta Michele 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The aim of this paper was to evaluate the activity and tolerability of oral vinorelbine in patients with advanced castration resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) who progressed after a minimum of three lines including: abiraterone acetate, docetaxel, cabazitaxel, and enzalutamide.
Treatment consisted of weekly oral vinorelbine 60 mg/m2. Chemotherapy was administered until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
Twenty-six patients received vinorelbine: their median age was 74 years (range 58–84 years). Twenty-four (92.3%) patients had bone metastases. A decrease in PSA levels ≥50% was observed in 2 patients (7.7%). Among the subjects who were symptomatic at baseline, pain was reduced in 3 patients (13.6%) with a significant decrease in analgesic use. Median progression-free survival was 9 weeks (95% CI: 7 to 11) and median overall survival was 17 weeks (95% CI: 12 to 22). Treatment was well tolerated, and no grade 4 toxicities were observed.
Our findings do not suggest the use of oral vinorelbine on a weekly schedule, in CRPC heavily pre-treated.
Improving the detection rate of prostate cancer in the gray zone of PI-RADS v2 and serum tPSA by using prostate-specific antigen–age volume
Authors: Lu Yuan-Fei , Zhang Qian , Chen Hai-Yan , Chen Jie-Yu , Pan Yao , Xu Cong-Cong , Xu Jian-Xia , Yu Ri-Sheng 
Published: June 2019

AbstractTo improve the detection of prostate cancer (PCa) by combining the Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System version 2 (PI-RADS v2) and prostate-specific antigen–age volume (PSA–AV), especially among those in gray zone with PI-RADS v2 score 3 or serum total prostate-specific antigen (tPSA) 4 to 10 ng/mL.The 357 patients were enrolled in this study. The PI-RADS v2 scoring system was used to represent characteristics on multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI). PI-RADS v2 score 3 or tPSA 4 to 10 ng/mL were defined as the gray zone in detecting PCa. The formula equates to the patient age multiplied by the prostate volume, which is divided by the tPSA level. Univariate and multivariate analyses were done to ascertain significant predictors of prostate cancer.In all, 174 (48.7%) were benign prostatic hyperplasia, 183 (51.3%) had PCa. The results showed that PI-RADS v2, tPSA, and PSA–AV were significant independent predictors of prostate cancer. PI-RADS v2 score ≥4 could detect PCa with rate of 82.1%. Serum tPSA ≥10 ng/mL could detect PCa with rate of 66.2%, PSA density (PSAD) ≥0.15 ng/mL/cc with rate of 62.8%, and PSA–AV ≤250 with rate of 83.5%. Combining with PSA–AV ≤250, patients those with tPSA 4 to 10 ng/mL could improve the detection from 36.0% up to 81%, those with PI-RADS v2 score 3 from 28.6% up to 60.0%.PI-RADS v2 and PSA–AV are faithful variables for detecting PCa. And for patients, those in gray zones of PI-RADS v2 and tPSA, PSA–AV can improve detection rate of PCa.
Performance of Interferon‐Gamma Release Assays for Tuberculosis Screening in Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Stevens James P. , Ballengee Cortney R. , Chandradevan Raguraj , Thompson Amelia B. , Schoen Bess T. , Kugathasan Subra , Sauer Cary G. 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACTObjectives:The aim of the study was to analyze the diagnostic accuracy and utility of QuantiFERON‐TB Gold In‐Tube, an interferon‐gamma release assay (IGRA), as a screening tool for latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) in pediatric patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) undergoing treatment with anti‐tumor necrosis factor (anti‐TNF) medications. To describe cases of tuberculosis in the pediatric IBD population, TB treatment courses, outcomes, and their effect on IBD management.Methods:A single‐center, retrospective cohort study of pediatric IBD patients who underwent tuberculosis screening. IGRA testing from 2011 to 2017 were analyzed to determine result rates, characteristics, and outcomes.Results:One thousand seven hundred fifty‐four (1,754) tests were performed on 859 patients. One thousand six hundred thirty‐four (1,634) tests were negative, 9 were positive, and 111 were indeterminate. Eight of 9 positive tests resulted during repeat annual screening while receiving IBD treatment. Five patients were treated for latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI), and 4 were false‐positives. IBD therapy was interrupted in 3 patients, with no negative long‐term outcomes. We report 1 known false‐negative, in a patient who developed disseminated TB on anti‐TNF therapy. Indeterminate testing rates were higher at IBD diagnosis than during treatment (10.3% vs 5.3%, P < 0.001). Follow‐up testing of indeterminate results was negative in all patients retested, with 14 patients lost to follow‐up. No patient with indeterminate testing developed TB.Conclusions:IGRAs are a useful tool to screen for LTBI, both before anti‐TNF therapy and during treatment. Results should be used in concert with detailed history and examination. Positive and indeterminate results should be promptly repeated for timely TB diagnosis and to minimize interruptions in IBD therapy.
A Replicable Model of Recruitment for Longitudinal Research of Preterm Infants
Authors: Gordon Jessica M. , Proschold Kaitlyn , Harville Cedric , Dutra Samia , Groer Maureen 
Published: June 2019

Background
Recruitment and retention in longitudinal studies can be challenging because the numbers of participants may not adequately reflect the targeted population.

Objectives
The aim of the study was to present a replicable pathway model of recruitment via retrospective chart review and describe outcomes of the recruitment methods used in the model on enrollment, scheduling, and attrition.

Methods
This retrospective chart review included recruitment data from participants of a parent grant (n = 99) that met chart review inclusion criteria (n = 47) for a follow-up study measuring microbiome data of preterm infants at toddler and preschool age.

Results
Over a 3-year recruitment period, 25 of the 47 participants eligible for recruitment were enrolled in the follow-up study. Initial contact was more likely to be performed via mail and e-mail for first time points and via phone for subsequent contact and second time points. For scheduling, phone contact was the method utilized most frequently for both groups, with online scheduling second when introduced in the preschool group. Two participants were lost to follow-up, resulting in an attrition rate of 8%.

Discussion
This recruitment pathway model offers researchers multiple recruitment methods for initial contact and scheduling that may be useful in contacting more participants to positively affect enrollment and reduce attrition rates for longitudinal cohorts. The innovation of recruitment methods via Facebook for initial contact and online scheduling are new methods with promise and multiple benefits for the research staff and participants.
Lack of Association Between the S83I ParC Mutation in Mycoplasma genitalium and Treatment Outcomes Among Men Who Have Sex With Men with Nongonococcal Urethritis
Authors: Chambers Laura C. , Jensen Jørgen S. , Morgan Jennifer L. , Lowens M. Sylvan , Romano Sarah S. , Totten Patricia A. , Soge Olusegun O. , Hughes James P. , Golden Matthew R. , Manhart Lisa E. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
From February 2015 to October 2017, among 20 men who have sex with men with Mycoplasma genitalium-associated nongonococcal urethritis, 15% had macrolide resistance and S83I ParC mutations. Azithromycin followed by moxifloxacin cleared Mycoplasma genitalium in 2 of 2 with and 11 of 13 without S83I mutations. Dual failures were cleared after doxycycline. S83I mutations were not associated with moxifloxacin failure.
Cervical and Oropharyngeal Lymphogranuloma Venereum: Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Galeano-Valle Francisco , Pérez-Latorre Leire , Díez-Romero Cristina , Fanciulli Chiara , Aldamiz-Echeverria-Lois Teresa , Tejerina-Picado Francisco 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV) is a sexually transmitted infection caused by invasive serovars of Chlamydia trachomatis. There have been only a few case reports of oropharyngeal C. trachomatis infection complicated with cervical LGV. We report a case of a HIV-positive male patient with cervical LGV that presented a poor evolution despite appropriate treatment.
The experiences and needs of people seeking primary care for low-back pain in Australia
Authors: Ahern Malene , Dean Catherine Mary , Dear Blake Farran , Willcock Simon Mark , Hush Julia Margaret 
Published: June 2019

Abstract

Introduction:
There is a knowledge gap about the current experiences and needs of people with low back pain (LBP) seeking primary care in Australia.

Objectives:
The aim of this study was to understand the experiences and needs of Australians who have received treatment for LBP in primary care.

Methods:
This was a prospective, cross-sectional internet survey conducted between July 2017 and September 2017. Participants were adults who had experienced an episode of LBP in the past year, had sought primary care in Australia, and were proficient in English. Outcomes were patient-reported experiences about primary care treatment, including reasons for seeking care, health care practitioners consulted, components of care received, and patients' evaluations of the importance and helpfulness of treatment.

Results:
A total of 426 Australians completed the survey. The response rate of survey completion was 50%. Participants reported seeking primary care for LBP not only for pain relief, but for difficulties with activities and participation with usual social roles as well as quality of life and mood. Participants consulted multiple health care practitioners and used numerous treatment modalities. Only half reported they received education and a very low proportion were aware of receiving guideline-based advice. The level of satisfaction with care was below moderate for 42% of respondents. Participants reported that they want LBP care to be more person-centred and better tailored to their needs; they also reported wanting more education, particularly about prevention of future episodes and self-management.

Conclusions:
The needs of people currently seeking primary care for LBP in Australia do not seem to be adequately met. Improving patients' experiences and outcomes may require better integration of health care across providers and delivery of more person-centred care.
Machine Perfusion of Liver Grafts With Implantable Oxygen Biosensors: Proof of Concept Study in a Rodent Model
Authors: Scheuermann Uwe , Ibrahim Mohamed M. , Yerxa John , Parker William , Hartwig Matthew G. , Klitzman Bruce , Barbas Andrew S. 
Published: June 2019

Background.
Normothermic machine perfusion (NMP) is emerging as a novel preservation strategy in liver transplantation, but the optimal methods for assessing liver grafts during this period have not been determined. The aim of this study was to investigate whether implantable oxygen biosensors can be used to monitor tissue oxygen tension in liver grafts undergoing NMP.

Methods.
Implantable phosphorescence-based oxygen sensors were tested in 3 different experimental groups: (1) in vivo during laparotomy, (2) during NMP of liver grafts with an acellular perfusate (NMP-acellular), and (3) during NMP with perfusate containing red blood cells (NMP-RBC). During in vivo experiments, intrahepatic oxygen tension was measured before and after occlusion of the portal vein (PV). In NMP experiments, intrahepatic oxygen tension was measured as a function of different PV pressure settings (3 vs 5 vs 8 mm Hg) and inflow oxygen concentration (95% O2 vs 6% O2).

Results.
In vivo, intrahepatic oxygen tension decreased significantly within 2 minutes of clamping the PV (P < 0.05). In NMP experiments, intrahepatic oxygen tension correlated directly with PV pressure when high inflow oxygen concentration (95%) was used. Intrahepatic oxygen tension was significantly higher in the NMP-RBC group compared with the NMP-acellular group for all conditions tested (P < 0.05).

Conclusions.
Implantable oxygen biosensors have potential utility as a tool for real-time monitoring of intrahepatic oxygen tension during NMP of liver grafts. Further investigation is required to determine how intrahepatic oxygen tension during NMP correlates with posttransplant graft function.
Association Between Peripheral Blood CD19-Positive Rate and Antibody-Mediated Rejection Following Rituximab Administration in Kidney Transplant Recipients
Authors: Nanmoku Koji , Shinzato Takahiro , Kubo Taro , Shimizu Toshihiro , Yagisawa Takashi 
Published: June 2019

Background.
Rituximab is used widely for desensitization in ABO-incompatible and donor-specific antibody-positive kidney transplantation. However, data about the effects of individual differences in rituximab-induced B-cell suppression on antibody-mediated rejection (AMR) remain unknown. We aimed to assess the association between CD19-positive rate and AMR following rituximab administration after kidney transplantation.

Methods.
Overall, 42 patients who underwent rituximab therapy for pretransplant desensitization in ABO-incompatible (n = 33) and donor-specific antibody-positive (n = 15) kidney transplantation were observed retrospectively. To predict AMR incidence, the peripheral blood CD19-positive rate was determined and classified into short- and long-acting groups. AMR incidence, allograft function, complications, and rituximab dose were compared.

Results.
Eight patients (19%) had AMR within 39.2 months after transplantation. The CD19-positive rate cutoff value to predict AMR incidence was 4.4%, 6.4%, and 7.7% at 6, 12, and 18 months after transplantation, respectively. When comparing the short- and long-acting groups stratified according to the CD19-positive rate cutoff value, AMR incidence was significantly higher in the short-acting group than in the long-acting group at 6 (71.4% vs 8.6%), 12 (70.0% vs 3.1%), and 18 (58.3% vs 3.3%) months after transplantation. The CD19-positive rate for all patients with AMR exceeded the cutoff value 6, 12, or 18 months. Conversely, serum creatinine level, tacrolimus trough-level, cytomegalovirus antigenemia-positive rate, neutropenia incidence rate, and total dose of rituximab before transplantation showed no significant differences between the 2 groups.

Conclusions.
The risk of AMR was higher in patients with short-term B-cell suppression following rituximab administration. Additional rituximab administration after transplantation may prevent AMR in patients with a CD19-positive rate higher than the cutoff value.
Big Five Personality Traits Influence Tinnitus Improvement Over Time
Authors: Simões Jorge , Schlee Winfried , Schecklmann Martin , Langguth Berthold , Farahmand Daria , Neff Patrick 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACTPrevious studies investigating the relation between personality and tinnitus distress showed that high neuroticism and low extraversion scores are related to higher tinnitus distress measured by the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI) and the Tinnitus Questionnaire (TQ). However, little is known about the role of personality on tinnitus distress over time.We collected the THI, TQ and Big Five Factor Index 2 of 388 patients who visited the Tinnitus Center Regensburg between 2012 and 2017, and filled in a survey with the same questionnaires in 2018. We used personality traits and facets to predict tinnitus distress cross-sectionally and longitudinally. Neuroticism and extraversion were significant predictors of THI and TQ scores in cross-sectional linear regression setups, and could explain up to 40% of the variance. However, the linear regressions could explain only little variance of both THI and TQ longitudinally. We clustered patients in three groups based in the difference THI and TQ between the two assessments: “clinically improved”, “clinically stable” and “clinically worsened”. The patients in the “clinically improved” and “clinically stable” groups scored statistically significantly lower in neuroticism and higher in extraversion than patients in the group “clinically worsened”. We observed a similar trend among patients who tried at least one clinical treatment.Our results suggest that personality traits, namely neuroticism and extraversion, are relevant markers of tinnitus distress over time and could be used to statistically distinguish patient groups with clinically relevant changes of tinnitus distress. These markers could inform both treatment responses from clinical studies and future choices on more efficient individual tinnitus treatments.