bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical evaluation of injectable platelet‐rich fibrin with connective tissue graft for the treatment of deep gingival recession defects: A controlled randomized clinical trial
Authors: Ucak Turer Onur , Ozcan Mustafa , Alkaya Bahar , Surmeli Seren , Seydaoglu Gulsah , Haytac Mehmet Cenk 
Published: September 2019

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to determine whether the combined connective tissue graft (CTG) with injectable platelet‐rich fibrin (i‐PRF) with coronally advanced flap (CAF) improved root coverage of deep Miller Class I or II gingival recessions compared with CTG alone with CAF.Material and MethodsSeventy‐two patients with Miller class I and II gingival recessions were enrolled. Thirty‐six patients were randomly assigned to the test group (CAF+CTG+i‐PRF [700 rpm for 3 min]) or control group (CAF+CTG). Clinical evaluations were made at 6 months.ResultsAt 6 months, complete root coverage was obtained at 88% of the sites treated with CAF+CTG+i‐PRF and 80% of the sites treated with CAF+CTG. Difference between the two groups was not statistically significant. At 6 months, the recession depth (RD) reduction and increase in keratinized tissue height (KTH) of the test sites were significantly better compared with the control sites.ConclusionsAccording to the results, the addition of i‐PRF to the CAF+CTG treatment showed further development in terms of increasing the KTH and decreasing RD. However, this single trial is not sufficient to advocate the true clinical effect of i‐PRF on recession treatment with CAF+CTG and additional trials are needed.
Periodontal regeneration using bone morphogenetic protein 2 incorporated biomimetic calcium phosphate in conjunction with barrier membrane: A pre‐clinical study in dogs
Authors: Wei Lingfei , Teng Fei , Deng Liquan , Liu Gangfeng , Luan Mengyin , Jiang Jie , Liu Zhonghao , Liu Yuelian 
Published: September 2019

AbstractAimTo evaluate the effect of bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP‐2) incorporated biomimetic calcium phosphate (BMP‐2/BioCaP) in conjunction with barrier membrane on periodontal regeneration in chronic periodontitis experimental model.Material and MethodsChronic periodontitis experimental model with critical‐sized supra‐alveolar defects was created in 15 dogs’ mandibles. After the initial periodontal therapy, the defects were randomly assigned to the following groups: (a) control; (b) barrier membrane; (c) deproteinized bovine bone mineral + barrier membrane; (d) BioCaP + barrier membrane and (e) BMP‐2/BioCaP + barrier membrane (6 quadrants with 18 teeth per group). Eight weeks later, clinical examinations, micro‐CT, and histomorphometric analyses were performed.ResultsClinical examinations, including plaque index, bleeding index, and probing depth, were similar for all groups. In contrast, the clinical attachment loss was significantly lower in defects grafted with BMP‐2/BioCaP and barrier membrane. The micro‐CT results showed that the height of mineralized tissue in defects grafted with BMP‐2/BioCaP and barrier membrane was significantly higher. For histometric analysis, the defects grafted with BMP‐2/BioCaP and barrier membrane exhibited significantly more connective tissue height, new cementum height, new bone height and area, as well as less down‐growth of junctional epithelium.ConclusionBMP‐2/BioCaP could be a promising bone substitute for periodontal regeneration.
Efficacy and safety of once‐weekly exenatide after switching from twice‐daily exenatide in patients with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Watanabe Yuusuke , Saisho Yoshifumi , Inaishi Jun , Kou Kinsei , Yamauchi Akira , Kanazawa Yasuhiko , Okubo Yoshiaki , Tokui Mikiya , Imai Takatoshi , Murakami Rie , Tsuchiya Tami , Sasaki Hironobu , Masaoka Tatsuhiro , Irie Junichiro , Meguro Shu , Itoh Hiroshi ,   for the Twin‐exenatide Study Group
Published: September 2019

AbstractAims/IntroductionTo evaluate the efficacy and safety of once‐weekly (q.w.) extended‐release exenatide after switching from twice‐daily (b.i.d.) exenatide in patients with type 2 diabetes.Materials and MethodsThis was an investigator‐initiated, prospective, single‐arm, multicenter study. Individuals with type 2 diabetes who had been treated with exenatide b.i.d. for at least 3 months were enrolled and switched to exenatide q.w. for 24 weeks. The primary end‐point was change in HbA1c at week 24 to test the glucose‐lowering effect of exenatide q.w. versus exenatide b.i.d.ResultsA total of 58 Japanese individuals with type 2 diabetes completed the study. Glycated hemoglobin was reduced by 0.2% at week 24 (7.2 ± 1.2% vs 7.0 ± 1.2% [56 ± 13 vs 53 ± 13 mmol/mol], 95% confidence interval −0.4 to −0.03%, P < 0.005 for non‐inferiority, P = 0.01 for superiority). Fasting plasma glucose was reduced by 12 mg/dL at week 24 (154 ± 46 vs 142 ± 46 mg/dL, P = 0.02). β‐Cell function assessed by homeostasis model assessment of β‐cell function and C‐peptide index was significantly improved at week 24. The incidence of self‐reported hypoglycemia was reduced, and treatment satisfaction assessed by the Diabetes Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire and Diabetes Medication Satisfaction Questionnaire was improved at week 24, with no change in body weight. There was no serious adverse event related to the study drug.ConclusionsSwitching from exenatide b.i.d. to exenatide q.w. resulted in a reduction in glycated hemoglobin, fasting plasma glucose and the incidence of hypoglycemia, and improvement in β‐cell function and treatment satisfaction in patients with type 2 diabetes. These findings will be useful for selecting optimal treatment in individuals with type 2 diabetes.
Item Selection and Exposure Control Methods for Computerized Adaptive Testing with Multidimensional Ranking Items
Authors: Chen Chia‐Wen , Wang Wen‐Chung , Chiu Ming Ming , Ro Sage 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe use of computerized adaptive testing algorithms for ranking items (e.g., college preferences, career choices) involves two major challenges: unacceptably high computation times (selecting from a large item pool with many dimensions) and biased results (enhanced preferences or intensified examinee responses because of repeated statements across items). To address these issues, we introduce subpool partition strategies for item selection and within‐person statement exposure control procedures. Simulations showed that the multinomial method reduces computation time while maintaining measurement precision. Both the freeze and revised Sympson‐Hetter online (RSHO) methods controlled the statement exposure rate; RSHO sacrificed some measurement precision but increased pool use. Furthermore, preventing a statement's repetition on consecutive items neither hindered the effectiveness of the freeze or RSHO method nor reduced measurement precision.
Layperson's preference of the transverse occlusal plane in asymmetric facial model
Authors: Silva Bruno P. , Tortora Sofia C. , Stanley Kyle , Mahn Gustavo , Coachman Christian , Mahn Eduardo 
Published: September 2019

AbstractObjectiveFacial asymmetries are common, especially deviated nose and chin. The clinician must consider these variables when establishing the smile, placement and angulation of the occlusal plane. The purpose of this article is to determine if nose and chin deviations affect the perception of laypeople towards different angulations of the occlusal plane cant.Materials and MethodAn asymmetric facial model was created from a symmetric facial model used in a previous study. Nose and chin were deviated 3 mm to the left and eight different pictures were created, each with different degrees of occlusal plane cant in both direction. Using a visual Likert scale delivered via Websurvey within the private practice setting, 120 randomly selected laypersons evaluated each image according to their own beauty preferences.ResultsIn an asymmetric face, nose and chin deviated 3 mm to the left, a minor occlusal plane angulation of 2° can be perceptible regardless of the direction of the cant.ConclusionsThe occlusal plane should be as parallel to the interpupillary line as possible. If occlusal cant is present, less than 2° of angulation it is preferable, regardless of the direction of the nose and chin.Clinical SignificanceIn the presence of an asymmetric face, the occlusal plane should be as parallel as possible to the interpupillary line. The direction of the deviation of the nose and the chin are irrelevant factors to determine the occlusal plane. An inclination of the occlusal plane can cause vertical discrepancy, which could subsequently create malocclusion. A complete dentofacial analysis can aim at assessing the angulation of the occlusal plane not only for esthetic outcomes, but for also allowing correct occlusal function.
In vitro propagation of tilapia lake virus in cell lines developed from Oreochromis mossambicus
Authors: Nanthini Ravi , Abdul Majeed Seepoo , Vimal Sugumar , Taju Gani , Sivakumar Selvam , Santhosh Kumar Shanmugam , Pillai Devika , Sneha Kalasseril Girijan , Rakesh Chakalaparambil Gokulan , Sahul Hameed Azeez Sait 
Published: September 2019

AbstractTilapia lake virus (TiLV)‐suspected samples of tilapia were collected from grow‐out ponds located with clinical signs and mortality ranged from 5% to 50%. The reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) assay revealed the presence of TiLV in the disease outbreak ponds. Cell lines were developed from heart, gill and eye of Mozambique tilapia and characterized. Morphologically, these cell lines are composed of epithelioid cells. The optimum growth of these cells was observed at 28°C and 20% concentration of FBS. After cryopreservation, 70%–90% of cells were found to be viable. The cells of all three cell lines were found to be positive to fibronectin and pancytokeratin. PCR amplification of 16S rRNA and COI of O. mossambicus confirmed the origin of these cell lines from O. mossambicus. Heart and gill cell lines were found to be highly susceptible to TiLV and found to be useful for its isolation from infected fish samples. The experimental infection was carried out in O. niloticus and O. mossambicus using the TiLV propagated in susceptible cell lines. The RT‐PCR results revealed the presence of TiLV in brain, gill, liver, kidney, spleen, eye, muscle, intestine and heart of experimentally infected O. niloticus and O. mossambicus.
Inactivation of Escherichia coli and Salmonella in liquid egg white by pulsed UV light and its effects on quality
Authors: Ouyang Beining , Demirci Ali , Patterson Paul H. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThis study evaluated the pulsed UV light treatment for the inactivation of Escherichia coli K12 and Salmonella Enteritidis in liquid egg white. Three parameters (treatment time, volume of liquid egg white, and distance from the sample to the pulse UV strobe) have been optimized for log reductions of microorganisms using response surface methodology. The maximum log reductions obtained after 40 s of treatment time at a 5 cm of distance (the energy dose equals 45.6 J/cm2) were 1.28 log CFU/ml of E. coli K12 and 1.98 log CFU/ml of S. Enteritidis in 5 ml of fresh liquid egg white. A significant temperature increase of the egg white sample (from 24 to 70°C) was observed at the extreme treatment condition (5 cm, 40 s). Quality evaluations indicate that pulsed UV light does not change foaming ability or foam stability of liquid egg white. However, the changes in pH, lipid oxidation, turbidity, and color of the egg white were correlated with the intensity of the treatment.Practical applicationsHeat pasteurization is currently being used to decontaminate liquid egg white. However, alternative methods are desired to improve decontamination as well as maintain the quality of liquid egg white. This study demonstrated the potential of pulsed UV light for the inactivation of pathogens in liquid egg white.
Current management of Cushing's disease
Authors: Tritos N. A. , Biller B. M. K. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractCushing's disease (CD) is caused by a pituitary tumour that secretes adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) autonomously, leading to excess cortisol secretion from the adrenal glands. The condition is associated with increased morbidity and mortality that can be mitigated by treatments that result in sustained endocrine remission. Transsphenoidal pituitary surgery (TSS) remains the mainstay of treatment for CD but requires considerable neurosurgical expertise and experience in order to optimize patient outcomes. Up to 90% of patients with microadenomas (tumour below 1 cm in largest diameter) and 65% of patients with macroadenomas (tumour at or above 1 cm in greatest diameter) achieve endocrine remission after TSS by an experienced surgeon. Patients who are not in remission postoperatively or those who relapse may benefit from undergoing a second pituitary operation. Alternatively, radiation therapy to the sella with interim medical therapy, or bilateral adrenalectomy, can be effective as definitive treatments of CD. Medical therapy is currently adjunctive in most patients with CD and is generally prescribed to patients who are about to receive radiation therapy and will be awaiting its salutary effects to occur. Available treatment options include steroidogenesis inhibitors, centrally acting agents and glucocorticoid receptor antagonists. Several novel agents are in clinical trials and may eventually constitute additional treatment options for this serious condition.
Internalized Racism: A Systematic Review of the Psychological Literature on Racism's Most Insidious Consequence
Authors: David E. J. R. , Schroeder Tiera M. , Fernandez Jessicaanne 
Published: September 2019

AbstractRacism is often thought of as existing and operating at the interpersonal and institutional levels. One aspect of racism that has been relatively forgotten, however, is its internalized component: racism that exists and operates at the internalized level. Surprisingly, even psychology—the field that is arguably best equipped to study the internalized component of racism—seems to have lagged in investigating and addressing this construct. Thus, we conducted a systematic literature review of psychological work on internalized racial oppression to better understand what is currently known, what the recent surge in scholarship has contributed, and where the research and service gaps are in order to identify areas for future growth. Overall, psychological attention on internalized racism seems to be increasing, and there have been some exciting conceptual (e.g., cognitive behavioral conceptualization, moving toward “appropriated racial oppression”) and empirical (e.g., development of scales, correlates with mental health variables) developments. However, our review also revealed a need for more work that: (1) utilizes qualitative or mixed methods; (2) focuses on the experiences of different racial and ethnic groups; (3) investigates how internalized racism intersects with other forms of internalized oppression; (4) clarifies the connection of internalized racism with other theoretically similar phenomena; and (5) incorporates social justice and advocacy in clinical and community services to balance unequal power dynamics that perpetuate racism—the root cause of internalized racism.
A systems‐centred approach to reducing medication error: Should pre‐hospital providers and emergency departments dose children by age during resuscitation?
Authors: Foster Mieke , Tagg Andrew 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe high‐risk, high‐stress and high‐stakes environment of out‐of‐hospital or emergency department paediatric resuscitation is prone to human error, and medication errors are common. This could be contributing to the difference in survival rate of resuscitation in the out‐of‐hospital versus inpatient setting. Medication for children during resuscitation requires estimation of the child's weight and calculation of the corresponding drug dose. Whilst both of these steps can lead to error, calculation errors (including 10‐fold errors) are much more common and harmful than weight errors. Previous solutions aim to optimise each stage of the medication dosing process. Currently, Australian guidelines suggest using the highly inaccurate original advanced paediatric life support formula, weight = 2 × (age + 4), to dose medications in these settings. This means age is converted to weight, which is then converted to dose. There is no evidence that this is causing harm to patients. Therefore, it could be suggested that age could safely be converted straight to dose according to preset doses. This eliminates the need for any weight estimation or dose calculation, thus reducing the potential for error and harm.
Cellular Responses of Gelidium floridanum (Gelidiales, Rhodophyta) Tetraspores Under Heat Wave and Copper Pollution
Authors: Kreusch Marianne , Poltronieri Elisa , Bouvie Fernanda , Pereira Débora T. , Batista Deonir , Ramlov Fernanda , Maraschin Marcelo , Bouzon Zenilda L. , Simioni Carmen 
Published: September 2019

Spore settlement and development are bottlenecks for resilience of habitat‐forming macroalgal species. These processes are directly related to temperature, a global stressor protagonist of ocean warming. The toxic effects of local pollutants such as copper may be worsened under a global warming scenario. Therefore, in this paper, we investigated the effects of increased temperature combined with elevated concentrations of copper on the viability, photosynthetic pigments, and ultrastructure of Gelidium floridanum tetraspores. Tetraspores were cultivated on slides with sterilized seawater or seawater enriched with CuCl2, and incubated under 24°C or 30°C for 24 h. Tetraspores cultivated with copper 3.0 μM under 30°C had lower viability. Both temperature and copper had a significant effect on phycocyanin and phycoerythrin concentrations. Samples cultivated with copper under 30°C presented a heavily altered cellular structure, with vesicles throughout the cytoplasm, chloroplasts with altered structure and cells with degenerated cytoplasm and cell walls. Our findings show that temperature and copper significantly affect the viability, photosynthetic pigments, and ultrastructure of G. floridanum tetraspores, presenting an additive interaction for the physiology of this seaweed's early stages.
Radiographic diagnosis of small intestinal obstruction in pet rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus): 63 cases
Authors: Debenham J. J. , Brinchmann T. , Sheen J. , Vella D. 
Published: September 2019

ObjectivesTo identify radiographic features that can be used to aid in the diagnosis of small intestinal obstruction in pet rabbits.Materials and MethodsRetrospective study comparing radiographic features of 63 cases of confirmed intestinal obstruction with 50 abdominal radiographs taken of rabbits without gastrointestinal disease. Abdominal radiographs were examined for gastric size, gastric contents, small intestinal dilatation and gas within the large intestine and caecum.ResultsGastric size, gastric contents, small intestinal dilatation and gas within the large intestine and caecum were all features that differed between rabbits with small intestinal obstruction and rabbits without gastrointestinal disease. Radiographic features associated with small intestinal obstruction included severe gastric dilation, gastric contents primarily consisting of liquid and gas, small intestinal dilation and absence of large amounts of gas in the caecum and large intestine.Clinical SignificanceObservation on gastric size, small intestinal dilatation and gas within the large intestine and caecum aid in radiological diagnosis of small intestinal obstruction in rabbits and so can guide appropriate treatment.
Reduced structural connectivity in Insomnia Disorder
Authors: Jespersen Kira V. , Stevner Angus , Fernandes Henrique , Sørensen Stine D. , Van Someren Eus , Kringelbach Morten , Vuust Peter 
Published: September 2019

AbstractInsomnia Disorder is the most prevalent sleep disorder, and it involves both sleep difficulties and daytime complaints. The neural underpinnings of Insomnia Disorder are poorly understood. Several existing neuroimaging studies focused on local measures and specific regions of interests, which makes it difficult to judge their whole‐brain significance. We therefore here applied a data‐driven approach to assess differences in whole‐brain structural connectivity between adults with Insomnia Disorder and matched controls without sleep complaints. We used diffusion tensor imaging and probabilistic tractography to assess whole‐brain structural connectivity, and examined group differences using network‐based statistics. The results revealed a significant difference in the structural connectivity of the two groups (p = .014). Participants with Insomnia Disorder showed reduced connectivity in a sub‐network that included mainly fronto‐subcortical connections with the insula as a key region. By taking a whole‐brain network perspective, our study enables the integration of previous inconsistent findings. Our results reveal that reduced structural connectivity of the left insula and the connections between frontal and subcortical regions are central neurobiological features of Insomnia Disorder. The importance of these areas for interoception, emotional processing, stress responses and the generation of slow‐wave sleep may help guide the development of neurobiology‐based models of the prevalent condition of Insomnia Disorder.
Longitudinal evolution of vertically HIV/HCV–co‐infected vs HCV–mono‐infected children
Authors: Sainz Talia , Fernández McPhee Carolina , Domínguez‐Rodríguez Sara , Hierro Loreto , Mellado María José , Fortuny Claudia , Falcón María Dolores , Soler‐Palacín Pere , Rojo Pablo , Ramos José Tomás , Gavilán César , Guerrero Carmelo , Díaz Maria del Carmen , Jara Paloma , Navarro María Luisa ,   on behalf of the Pediatric National AIDS Research Network of Spain (CORISPE) integrated in the Translational Research Network in Pediatric Infectious Diseases (RITIP)
Published: September 2019

AbstractHIV co‐infection has been suggested to play a deleterious role on the pathogenesis of liver fibrosis among vertically HCV‐infected children. The aim of this study was to describe the longitudinal evolution of vertically acquired HIV/HCV co‐infection in youths, in comparison with HCV infection alone. This was a retrospective, multicentre study including vertically HIV/HCV–co‐infected patients and age‐ and sex‐matched vertically HCV–mono‐infected patients. Progression to advanced liver fibrosis, defined as F3 or more by elastography or METAVIR biopsy staging, and response to treatment were compared by means of univariate and multivariate regression analyses and Cox regression models. Sixty‐seven co‐infected patients were compared with 67 matched HCV–mono‐infected patients. No progression to advanced liver disease was observed during the first decade. At a median age of 20.0 [19.0, 22.0] years, 26.7% co‐infected vs 20% mono‐infected had progressed to advanced fibrosis (P = .617). Peg‐IFN/RBV for HCV treatment was given to 37.9% vs 86.6% (P‐value < .001). At treatment initiation, co‐infected patients were older (16.9 ± 4.1 vs 11.7 ± 4.5 years, P < .001), and 47.1% vs 7.1% showed advanced fibrosis (P < .003), with no differences in hard‐to‐treat genotype distribution. Sustained viral response was comparable between groups (43.5% vs 44.0%, P = .122). In vertically HIV/HCV–co‐infected patients, the progression to liver fibrosis was rare during childhood. At the end of adolescence, over 25% of patients displayed advanced liver disease. Response to Peg‐IFN/RBV was poor and comparable in both groups, supporting the need for fast access to early treatment with direct‐acting antivirals against HCV for vertically co‐infected patients.