bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association Between Possible Osteoporosis and Shunt-Dependent Hydrocephalus After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
Authors: Han Myung-Hoon , Won Yu Deok , Na Min Kyun , Kim Choong Hyun , Kim Jae Min , Ryu Je Il , Yi Hyeong-Joong , Cheong Jin Hwan 
Published: June 2018

Background and Purpose—
Pathological obstruction in arachnoid granulations after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) can impede cerebrospinal fluid flow outward to the venous sinus and causing hydrocephalus. Because bone and arachnoid granulations share the same collagen type, we evaluated the possible relation between bone mineral density and shunt-dependent hydrocephalus after SAH.

Methods—
We measured Hounsfield units of the frontal skull on admission brain computed tomography in patients with SAH. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was performed to determine the optimal cutoff Hounsfield unit in skull to predict osteopenia and osteoporosis in a large sample registry. According to the optimal cutoff skull Hounsfield unit values, study patients were then categorized as hypothetical normal, osteopenia, and osteoporosis. Odds ratios were estimated using logistic regression to determine whether the osteoporotic conditions are independent predictive factors for the development of shunt-dependent hydrocephalus after clipping for SAH.

Results—

A total of 447 patients (alive ≥14 days) with ruptured aneurysm SAH who underwent surgical clipping were retrospectively enrolled in this study during a 9-year period from 2 hospitals. We found that hypothetical osteoporosis was an independent predictor for shunt-dependent hydrocephalus after aneurysmal clipping for SAH after full adjustment for other predictive factors, including age (odds ratio, 2.08; 95% confidence interval, 1.06–4.08;
P
=0.032).

Conclusions—
Our study demonstrates a possible relation between possible osteoporosis and hydrocephalus after SAH. Hounsfield unit measurement on admission brain computed tomography may be helpful for predicting hydrocephalus during the clinical course of SAH in patients with osteoporosis or suspected osteoporosis.
The Senses Pointing Toward a New Transformation
Authors: Oiticica Hélio 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Hélio Oiticica's “The Senses Pointing Towards a New Transformation” was written between June 18 and June 25, 1969, in London and submitted to the British art magazine Studio International, but never appeared in print. The essay negotiates art after objecthood and contextualises Oiticica's project to effect a definitive radicalization of anti-art, one that the artist held to be necessary in light of the impasse reached by the longstanding conflict between formalist art and its various neo-avant-garde negations (both within the Brazilian and the international neo-avant-gardes). For Oiticica, after both Neoconcretism and Minimalism, it was now the process of art making itself that had to be rethought. Oiticica did so by developing what he called “crebehavior,” a practice that revealed the routinized character of everyday life and proposed an immanent transformation of the same via a change in everyday behavioral patterns. Such a transformation opened up the possibility of bringing about “creleisure,” a condition that Oiticica understood to involve both the realization and the dissolution of art.
Matteo Ricci’s Occidental Method of Memory (Xiguo Jifa) (1596): Untranslatable Images of a Classical Art of Memory in Ming China
Authors: Hosne Ana Carolina 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
One of the attributes of the Italian Jesuit Matteo Ricci (1552-1610) was his prodigious memory. The humanistic education received at the Roman College enabled him to master the classical art of memory. In China, Ricci discovered that memorization was essential to the learning process required for the civil service examinations to hold posts within the empire, and so he composed the Xiguo Jifa (1596) (Occidental Method of Memory), based on one of the commonest mnemonic systems—the architectural type—to help candidates memorize contents for these examinations. Ricci chose Chinese characters as mnemonic images to be placed in mental structures. This article aims to show how Ricci’s choice of Chinese characters as mnemonic images in China deviated from one of the main functions of an art of memory: to mediate between words and images, creating bridges and modes of translation from one another, thus rendering those images “untranslatable.”
Marriage Institutions and the Formation of Cross-Cultural Knowledge Networks in Early Modern Southeast Asia
Authors: Sargent Matthew D. 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
This article explores the ways in which Europeans encountered indigenous knowledge in Asia and the Americas during the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries and reconstructs the social factors that enabled productive cross-cultural knowledge encounters within a particular temporal and cultural context. By focusing on the tacit nature of medical knowledge and on the structure of the networks that enabled cross-cultural brokerage I develop a framework that explains why knowledge exchange occurred in some situations and not in others. In particular, I argue that a unique marriage institution that emerged in the Dutch-controlled regions of the Indonesian archipelago during the second half of the seventeenth-century fostered European access to indigenous botanical knowledge by reshaping the patterns of relationships that linked European, mestiza, and indigenous cultures. Women in Southeast Asia were the important medical practitioners within their local communities. By fostering and formalizing relationships with Asian and mestiza women this marriage institution both created direct ties with local experts while also integrating European men in to a community who relied primarily on local botanical cures for their medical care and who could broker relationships with local practitioners.
Stage II Oral Tongue Cancer: Survival Impact of Adjuvant Radiation Based on Depth of Invasion
Authors: Rubin Samuel J. , Gurary Ellen B. , Qureshi Muhammad M. , Salama Andrew R. , Ezzat Waleed H. , Jalisi Scharukh , Truong Minh Tam 
Published: June 2018

ObjectiveTo determine if adjuvant radiation therapy for patients with pT2N0 oral cavity tongue cancer affects overall survival.Study DesignRetrospective cohort study.SettingNational Cancer Database.Subjects and MethodsCases diagnosed between 2004 and 2013 with pathologic stage pT2N0 oral cavity tongue cancer with negative surgical margins were extracted from the National Cancer Database. Data were stratified by treatment received, including surgery only and surgery + postoperative radiation therapy. Univariate analysis was performed with a 2‐sample t test, chi‐square test, or Fisher exact test and log‐rank test, while multivariate analysis was performed with Cox regression models adjusted for individual variables as well as a propensity score.ResultsA total of 934 patients were included in the study, with 27.5% of patients receiving surgery with postoperative radiation therapy (n = 257). In univariate analysis, there was no significant difference in 3‐year overall survival between the patient groups (P =. 473). In multivariate analysis, there was no significant difference in survival between the treatment groups, with adjuvant radiation therapy having a hazard ratio of 0.93 (95% CI, 0.60‐1.44; P =. 748). Regarding tumors with a depth of invasion >5 mm, there was no survival benefit for the patients who received postoperative radiation therapy as compared with those who received surgery alone (hazard ratio = 0.93; 95% CI, 0.57‐1.53; P =. 769).ConclusionAn overall survival benefit was not demonstrated for patients who received postoperative radiation therapy versus surgery alone for pT2N0 oral cavity tongue cancer, irrespective of depth of tumor invasion.
A Prospective Observational Study of Complications in 140 Sialendoscopies
Authors: Jokela Johanna , Tapiovaara Laura , Lundberg Marie , Haapaniemi Aaro , Bäck Leif , Saarinen Riitta 
Published: June 2018

ObjectivesTo evaluate the incidence and nature of complications associated with diagnostic and interventional sialendoscopies and to report intervention failures in a prospective setup.Study DesignProspective observational study.SettingAcademic tertiary care university hospital.Subjects and MethodsPatients who underwent diagnostic or interventional sialendoscopy between October 2015 and December 2016 were prospectively enrolled. Patient data, operation‐related factors, treatment failures, and complications were recorded into a database and analyzed.ResultsA total of 140 sialendoscopies were attempted or performed on 118 patients; 67 (48%) were for a parotid gland and 73 (52%) for a submandibular gland. The sialendoscopy was interventional in 81 cases (58%), diagnostic in 56 (40%), and not possible to perform in 3 (2.1%). A total of 21 complications were registered for 21 sialendoscopies (15%) and 21 patients (18%). The most common complication was infection, in 9 cases (6.4%). Other observed complications were salivary duct perforation (4 cases), prolonged glandular swelling (3 cases), transient lingual nerve analgesia (2 cases), basket entrapment (2 cases), and transient weakness in the marginal branch of the facial nerve (1 case). All complications were related to interventional procedures or papilla dilatation. Failure to treat occurred in 21 (15%) sialendoscopies: sialendoscopy itself was unsuccessful in 3 cases, and an intended intervention failed in 18 cases.ConclusionComplications in sialendoscopy are usually related to interventional procedures. The complications are mainly minor and temporary but lead to additional follow‐up visits, further treatments, and sometimes hospitalization. Sialendoscopic procedures are safe but not free of complications.
Two-year follow up of silodosin on lower urinary tract functions and symptoms in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia based on prostate size: a prospective investigation using urodynamics
Authors: Matsukawa Yoshihisa , Takai Shun , Majima Tsuyoshi , Funahashi Yasuhito , Kato Masashi , Yamamoto Tokunori , Gotoh Momokazu 
Published: June 2018

Background: The aim of this research was to investigate intermediate-term effects of silodosin on lower urinary tract functions and symptoms in patients with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) due to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) according to prostate size, using urodynamics. Methods: A total of 70 untreated outpatients with a prostate volume <40 ml [small prostate (SP) group] and 70 with prostate volume ⩾40 ml [large prostate (LP) group] were prospectively enrolled and treated by monotherapy with silodosin for 24 months. Changes in parameters from baseline to 3 months and 24 months after silodosin administration were assessed based on LUTS, voiding and storage function. In addition, withdrawal rates of silodosin due to insufficient effects were compared between the two groups and factors to influence the withdrawal were investigated. Results: The International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), bladder outlet obstruction index (BOOI), and detrusor overactivity (DO) improved significantly for the 2-year follow up in both groups as compared with the baseline. IPSS, BOOI and DO improved by 40.4%, 41.3%, and 48.1% in the SP group, 32.7%, 35.9%, and 34.4% in the LP group at 3 months, while, 44.3%, 43.5%, and 63.0% in the SP group, 22.6%, 21.1%, and 34.4% in the LP group at 24 months, respectively. Improvement rates in the IPSS and BOOI at 3 months were maintained until 24 months in the SP group, but decreased in the LP group. Storage function improvements continued in both groups for 2 years. Dropout rate due to unsatisfactory effects was significantly higher in the LP group (20% versus 8.6%). Maximum flow rate, BOOI, and intravesical prostatic protrusion had a significant influence on the withdrawal of silodosin treatment in the LP group. Conclusions: Silodosin significantly improved lower urinary tract functions for 2 years in patients with LUTS/BPH, regardless of prostate size. However, LUTS and BOO improvements tended to decrease in patients with a large prostate (>40 ml) in the intermediate term.
Diffusion-weighted imaging in acute pulmonary embolism: a feasibility study
Authors: Vargas Paris Roberto , Skorpil Mikael , Westerlund Eli , Lindholm Peter , Nyrén Sven 
Published: June 2018

Background Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can be an alternative method to computed tomography angiography (CTA) for pulmonary embolism. Purpose To evaluate the feasibility of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) detecting acute pulmonary embolism (PE) in free-breathing humans. Material and Methods Twenty patients with PE verified by CTA and 20 controls were investigated with MRI (1.5 Aera, Siemens Healthcare). All sequences were performed in the transversal plane using free-breathing without gating. The protocol consisted of a two-dimensional steady-state free precession (SSFP) and a single-shot DWI echo-planar imaging sequence with a voxel resolution of 2 × 2 × 5 mm. Three b values were used: 50, 400, and 800 s/mm2. Images were analyzed in two orders: an open source analysis (OSA); and a blinded only DWI analysis (BDA) simulating clinical work. Results OSA of corresponding images showed 370 findings on CTA (i.e. one elongated emboli could be represented in multiple images). SSFP identified 237 of those (64%). DWI with b values of 50, 400, and 800 identified 327 (88%), 245 (66%), and 138 (37%), respectively. In BDA we found 160 true emboli (according to CTA) on b50, 78 on b400, and 54 on b800. Fifty-two of these findings at the subsegmental level could be correlated to PE on CTA but were not visible on SSFP. Conclusions DWI has a high sensitivity for detecting PE but suffers from poor specificity. It could potentially be used as an eye catcher, i.e. where to look for PE in other MRI sequences.
Self-repopulating recipient bone marrow resident macrophages promote long-term hematopoietic stem cell engraftment
Authors: Kaur Simranpreet , Raggatt Liza J. , Millard Susan M. , Wu Andy C. , Batoon Lena , Jacobsen Rebecca N. , Winkler Ingrid G. , MacDonald Kelli P. , Perkins Andrew C. , Hume David A. , Levesque Jean-Pierre , Pettit Allison R. 
Published: June 2018

Key Points
Recipient macrophages persist in hematopoietic tissues and self-repopulate via in situ proliferation after syngeneic transplantation. Targeted depletion of recipient CD169+ macrophages after transplant impaired long-term bone marrow engraftment of hematopoietic stem cells.
Intravenous immunoglobulin vs observation in childhood immune thrombocytopenia: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Heitink-Pollé Katja M. J. , Uiterwaal Cuno S. P. M. , Porcelijn Leendert , Tamminga Rienk Y. J. , Smiers Frans J. , van Woerden Nicole L. , Wesseling Judit , Vidarsson Gestur , Laarhoven Annemieke G. , de Haas Masja , Bruin Marrie C. A. 
Published: June 2018

Key Points
In children with newly diagnosed ITP, IVIg treatment at diagnosis does not result in a lower rate of chronic ITP. Upfront treatment with IVIg led to faster recovery and less severe bleeding events.
The use of defibrotide in blood and marrow transplantation
Authors: Richardson Paul G. , Carreras Enric , Iacobelli Massimo , Nejadnik Bijan 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Hepatic veno-occlusive disease/sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (VOD/SOS) is a potentially life-threatening complication of conditioning during hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) or chemotherapy without HSCT, with a historically reported mean incidence of 13.7% post-HSCT. Typical symptoms of VOD/SOS may include hyperbilirubinemia, painful hepatomegaly, weight gain, and ascites. Defibrotide, a polydisperse mixture of predominantly single-stranded polydeoxyribonucleotides, is currently the only therapy approved to treat hepatic VOD/SOS with pulmonary/renal dysfunction (ie, multiorgan dysfunction/multiorgan failure [MOD/MOF]) following HSCT in the United States and to treat severe hepatic VOD/SOS post-HSCT in the European Union. In preclinical and human studies, defibrotide has demonstrated profibrinolytic, antithrombotic, anti-inflammatory, and angio-protective actions, thus promoting an anticoagulant phenotype of the endothelium that protects and stabilizes the function of endothelial cells. In a phase 3, historically controlled, multicenter trial in adults and children with VOD/SOS and MOD/MOF (defibrotide: n = 102; controls treated before defibrotide availability: n = 32), defibrotide resulted in significantly greater day +100 survival following HSCT (38.2%) vs controls (25.0%; propensity analysis-estimated between-group difference: 23%; P = .0109). The most common adverse events (AEs) were hypotension and diarrhea; rates of common hemorrhagic AEs were similar in the defibrotide and historical control group (64% and 75%, respectively). In a phase 3 prophylaxis trial, defibrotide was found to lower incidence of VOD/SOS in children (not an approved indication) and reduce the incidence of graft-versus-host disease. This review describes the development and clinical applications of defibrotide, focusing on its on-label use in patients with VOD/SOS and MOD/MOF after HSCT.
The remarkable diversity of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura: a perspective
Authors: George James N. 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Understanding the autoimmune etiology of acquired thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) has provided precision for the diagnosis and a rationale for immunosuppressive treatment. These advances have also allowed recognition of the remarkable clinical diversities of patients’ initial presentations and their long-term outcomes. These diversities are illustrated by the stories of patients from the Oklahoma TTP Registry. The initial presentation of TTP may be the discovery of unexpected severe thrombocytopenia in a patient with minimal or no symptoms. The patient may remain asymptomatic throughout treatment or may die suddenly before treatment can be started. ADAMTS13 activity may be reported as normal in a patient with characteristic clinical features of TTP, or the unexpected report of ADAMTS13 deficiency in a patient with another established disorder may lead to the discovery of TTP. ADAMTS13 activity during clinical remission is unpredictable. ADAMTS13 activity may recover and remain normal, it may remain severely deficient for many years, or it may become normal only many years after recovery. Our treatment of initial episodes and management of patients after recovery and during remission continue to change. The addition of rituximab to the treatment of acute episodes and preemptive rituximab for patients with severe ADAMTS13 deficiency during remission are reported to prevent relapse. Because TTP is uncommon, there are few data to guide these changes. Therefore our patients’ stories are profoundly influential. Their stories are the foundation of our experience, and our experience is the guide for our decisions.
Analysis of novel caudal hindbrain genes reveals different regulatory logic for gene expression in rhombomere 4 versus 5/6 in embryonic zebrafish
Authors: Ghosh Priyanjali , Maurer Jennifer M. , Sagerström Charles G. 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Background
Previous work aimed at understanding the gene regulatory networks (GRNs) governing caudal hindbrain formation identified morphogens such as Retinoic Acid (RA) and Fibroblast growth factors (FGFs), as well as transcription factors like hoxb1b, hoxb1a, hnf1ba, and valentino as being required for rhombomere (r) r4-r6 formation in zebrafish. Considering that the caudal hindbrain is relatively complex – for instance, unique sets of neurons are formed in each rhombomere segment – it is likely that additional essential genes remain to be identified and integrated into the caudal hindbrain GRN.

Methods
By taking advantage of gene expression data available in the Zebrafish Information Network (ZFIN), we identified 84 uncharacterized genes that are expressed in r4-r6. We selected a representative set of 22 genes and assayed their expression patterns in hoxb1b, hoxb1a, hnf1b, and valentino mutants with the goal of positioning them in the caudal hindbrain GRN. We also investigated the effects of RA and FGF on the expression of this gene set. To examine whether these genes are necessary for r4-r6 development, we analyzed germline mutants for six of the genes (gas6, gbx1, sall4, eglf6, celf2, and greb1l) for defects in hindbrain development.

Results
Our results reveal that r4 gene expression is unaffected by the individual loss of hoxb1b, hoxb1a or RA, but is under the combinatorial regulation of RA together with hoxb1b. In contrast, r5/r6 gene expression is dependent on RA, FGF, hnf1ba and valentino – as individual loss of these factors abolishes r5/r6 gene expression. Our analysis of six mutant lines did not reveal rhombomere or neuronal defects, but transcriptome analysis of one line (gas6 mutant) identified expression changes for genes involved in several developmental processes – suggesting that these genes may have subtle roles in hindbrain development.

Conclusion
We conclude that r4-r6 formation is relatively robust, such that very few genes are absolutely required for this process. However, there are mechanistic differences in r4 versus r5/r6, such that no single factor is required for r4 development while several genes are individually required for r5/r6 formation.
Experiences of Inpatient Bone Marrow Transplantation Nurses and Providers Using Electronic Symptom Reporting
Authors: Bryant Ashley Leak , Coffman Erin M. , Bullard Elizabeth , Hirschey Rachel , Bradley Joshua , Stover Angela , Wood William A , Bennett Antonia V. 
Published: June 2018

Purpose: To investigate the use of electronic patient-reported outcomes (PROs) to assess symptoms and how they can provide opportunities to clinicians to address symptoms in a timely manner to improve clinical care. As part of a larger study to evaluate whether providing standardized symptom reports to the medical team would decrease the time to treatment of reported symptoms in hematopoietic stem-cell transplant recipients, we assessed nurses’ and providers’ perceptions of electronic symptom reporting. Methods: Semistructured interviews of RNs, MDs, NPs and PAs were conducted at an academic cancer center in the southeastern United States. Nurses’ and providers’ perceptions of electronic symptom reporting were explored. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed, and coded by two investigators to identify major themes. Results: Fourteen RNs and seven providers (MDs, PAs, and NPs) participated in the interviews. Three main themes emerged from the interviews: electronic symptom reporting may improve assessment and care, integrating symptom reporting into nurse workflow presents difficulties, and there are barriers for completion of surveys. Conclusion: The majority of nurses and providers believed that the inclusion of electronic symptom reporting in bone marrow transplantation inpatient units has the potential to improve care but that barriers to implementation remain.