bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lowering dietary cation-anion difference increases sow blood and milk calcium concentrations
Authors: Guo Ji Yao , Pasquetti Tiago Junior , Kim Sung Woo 
Published: April 2019

AbstractA study was conducted to evaluate the effects of feeding an acidogenic diet with a low dietary cation-anion difference (DCAD) on acid-base balance, blood, milk, and urine Ca concentrations of sows during lactation. A total of 30 multiparous sows (parity: 4.5 ± 2.9, Smithfield Premium Genetic, Rose Hill, NC) were allotted to 1 of 2 dietary treatments: CON (control diets were corn-soybean meal based with a calculated DCAD of 170 and 226 mEq/kg during late gestation and lactation, respectively) or ACI (acidogenic diets had a DCAD 100 mEq/kg lower than the control diets). The lower DCAD was achieved by the addition of an acidogenic mineral. The DCAD was calculated as mEq (Na + K – Cl)/kg diet. Sows had a daily access to 2-kg feed from day 94 of gestation to parturition and ad libitum access to feed during lactation. Blood and urine pH and Ca, serum macrominerals, serum biochemistry, Ca-regulating hormones, and milk composition were measured. Sows in ACI had a lower (P < 0.05) blood pH than sows in CON at day 1 of lactation. Sows in ACI had a lower (P < 0.05) urine pH at day 108 of gestation, days 1, 9, and 18 of lactation compared with sows in CON. Sows in ACI had greater (P < 0.05) concentrations of serum total Ca at days 1 and 18 of lactation than sows in CON. There was a greater (P < 0.05) concentration of colostrum Ca in ACI than in CON. There was no difference in urine Ca concentration between treatments during lactation. Concentrations of parathyroid hormone and 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol were not different between treatments at either day 1 or 18 of lactation. Sows in ACI tended to have a smaller (P = 0.086) concentration of total alkaline phosphatase in serum at day 18 of lactation compared with sows in CON. At day 1 of lactation, the concentration of serum Cl in ACI was greater (P < 0.05) than that in CON. Feed intake, BW loss, and litter performance were not different between treatments. Collectively, feeding an acidogenic diet with a low DCAD to sows can induce a mild metabolic acidosis at farrowing, reduce the urine pH consistently, and increase serum total Ca and colostrum Ca concentrations during lactation but without altering the parathyroid hormone and 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol levels during lactation.
Factors Related to Pediatric Unintentional Burns: The Comparison of Logistic Regression and Data Mining Algorithms
Authors: Aghaei Abbas , Soori Hamid , Ramezankhani Azra , Mehrabi Yadollah 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Burn injuries are one of the traumas seen in all parts of the world and children are usually one of the vulnerable groups. The aim of this study was to determine the factors related to unintentional burns in children, using data mining algorithms. In this hospital-based case–control study conducted in Kermanshah province, Iran, data were collected over a period of 15 months. Children under the age of 15 years old who were referred to the burn ward of Imam Khomeini Hospital, the only burn referral in Kermanshah province, were included as cases. For the control group, children who were admitted to Dr. Mohammad Kermanshahi Hospital, the only specialist and subspecialist pediatric center in this province, were included. Frequency matching was performed for age and sex. Support vector machine, artificial neural network (ANN), random forest, and logistic regression were employed to determine the factors related to burns in children. The mean age of children with burn injuries was 4.29 ± 3.51 years and 58% of them were boys. The ANN algorithm had better performance than other algorithms. Body mass index (BMI), socioeconomic status, hours without a watchful, mother’s age, mother’s education, household size, father’s job, father’s age, having more than one watchful, and petroleum storage were the most important factors related to pediatric burns. The majority of the burn-related variables were related to individuals’ social welfare status and their environments. Lessening the effects of these factors could reduce the incidence of pediatric burns.
Modeling Agrilus planipennis F. (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) Spread in New Jersey
Authors: Lyttek Erik , Lal Pankaj , Nieddu Garrett , Forgoston Eric , Wieczerak Taylor 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Pests and disease have become an increasingly common issue as globalized trade brings non-native species into unfamiliar systems. Emerald ash borer (Agrilus planipennis), is an Asiatic species of boring beetle currently devastating the native population of ash (Fraxinus) trees in the northern forests of the United States, with 85 million trees having already succumbed across much of the Midwest. We have developed a reaction-diffusion partial differential equation model to predict the spread of emerald ash borer over a heterogeneous 2-D landscape, with the initial ash tree distribution given by data from the Forest Inventory and Analysis. As expected, the model predictions show that emerald ash borer consumes ash which causes the local ash population to decline, while emerald ash borer spreads outward to other areas. Once the local ash population begins to decline emerald ash borer also declines due to the loss of available habitat. Our model’s strength lies with its focus on the county scale and its linkage between emerald ash borer population growth and ash density. This enables one to make accurate predictions regarding emerald ash borer spread which allows one to consider various methods of control as well as to accurately study the economic effects of emerald ash borer spread.
From passion to bereavement
Authors: Immonen Visa , Räsänen Elina 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
The Finnish diplomat Harri Holma and his wife Alli, along with their son, art historian Klaus, created a private collection of 554 items. They acquired antique pieces and works of art in Berlin, Paris and Rome from the 1920s to the 1950s. The collection consists of Western and Southern European paintings, sculpture, furniture, textiles and tableware, dating from the Middle Ages to the nineteenth century. Initially the objects were acquired by the Holmas to decorate diplomatic residences, but eventually they came to form a deliberately assembled collection. Following Klaus’s death, Harri and Alli Holma donated the collection to the Lahti City Museum in the 1950s and the 1960s. Here the creation of the collection is first traced then followed on its journey to Finland, with a focus on the developing relationship between objects, family history and museum institution. The shifts in the collection’s narrative from hobby to an expression of grief, and finally to a formal museum assemblage and a subject of academic research generate epistemological tensions.
Giving Time: Examining Sector Differences in Volunteering Intensity
Authors: Holt Stephen B 
Published: April 2019

AbstractSector differences in prosocial motivations and behaviors among workers receives a great deal of attention in public administration scholarship. Extant literature consistently finds public sector workers are more likely to engage in prosocial behaviors, such as volunteering, than their peers in the private sector. Less attention has been paid to the sector gap in volunteerism along the intensive margin. Using time-diary data, which accounts for potential social desirability bias, from a nationally representative sample, this study investigates the gap between public sector workers and their private sector counterparts. The results suggest that public sector workers spend more time, on an average day, volunteering than observably similar private sector peers, and the difference cannot be explained by other observable differences between public and private sector workers. The gap in volunteer intensity is largest at the local level and among teachers. The implications of these results for research and practice are discussed.
Acute abdomen due to an infected urachal cyst in a 5-year-old female: case report
Authors: Kudra Danial Aghyad , Sankari Tarabishi Ahmad , Aldakhil Ahmad , Alzahran Ayham , Najjar Omar , Ayoub Kusay 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
The urachus is an embryonic tube that connects the upper portion of the bladder to the umbilicus, and obliterates normally during embryonic development stages forming the median umbilical ligament. Incomplete obliteration of this tube results in many anomalies such as congenital patent urachus, umbilical urachal sinus, vesicourachal diverticulum and urachal cyst. We report in this case a 5-year-old female presented to the Emergency, complaining of generalized abdominal pain, fever, vomiting, and constipation with no umbilical discharge. The clinical presentation accompanied by radiology investigations suggested a case of acute abdomen. We performed an exploratory laparotomy and found a mass above the bladder connected to the umbilicus; we excised the mass and sent a specimen to pathology that confirmed Urachal cyst. Urachal cyst is usually asymptomatic unless it is complicated; depending on our case, we recommend surgical management by complete excision for complicated urachal cyst.
Bayesian Inference of Finite Population Quantiles for Skewed Survey Data Using Skew-Normal Penalized Spline Regression
Authors: Liu Yutao , Chen Qixuan 
Published: April 2019

AbstractSkewed data are common in sample surveys. In probability proportional to size sampling, we propose two Bayesian model-based predictive methods for estimating finite population quantiles with skewed sample survey data. We assume the survey outcome to follow a skew-normal distribution given the probability of selection and model the location and scale parameters of the skew-normal distribution as functions of the probability of selection. To allow a flexible association between the survey outcome and the probability of selection, the first method models the location parameter with a penalized spline and the scale parameter with a polynomial function, while the second method models both the location and scale parameters with penalized splines. Using a fully Bayesian approach, we obtain the posterior predictive distributions of the nonsampled units in the population and thus the posterior distributions of the finite population quantiles. We show through simulations that our proposed methods are more efficient and yield shorter credible intervals with better coverage rates than the conventional weighted method in estimating finite population quantiles. We demonstrate the application of our proposed methods using data from the 2013 National Drug Abuse Treatment System Survey.
A simple non-equilibrium feedback model for galaxy-scale star formation: delayed feedback and SFR scatter
Authors: Orr Matthew E , Hayward Christopher C , Hopkins Philip F 
Published: April 2019

ABSTRACT
We explore a class of simple non-equilibrium star formation models within the framework of a feedback-regulated model of the ISM, applicable to kiloparsec-scale resolved star formation relations (e.g. Kennicutt–Schmidt). Combining a Toomre-Q-dependent local star formation efficiency per free-fall time with a model for delayed feedback, we are able to match the normalization and scatter of resolved star formation scaling relations. In particular, this simple model suggests that large (∼dex) variations in star formation rates (SFRs) on kiloparsec scales may be due to the fact that supernova feedback is not instantaneous following star formation. The scatter in SFRs at constant gas surface density in a galaxy then depends on the properties of feedback and when we observe its star-forming regions at various points throughout their collapse/star formation ‘cycles’. This has the following important observational consequences: (1) the scatter and normalization of the Kennicutt–Schmidt relation are relatively insensitive to the local (small-scale) star formation efficiency; (2) but gas depletion times and velocity dispersions are; (3) the scatter in and normalization of the Kennicutt–Schmidt relation is a sensitive probe of the feedback time-scale and strength; (4) even in a model where $\tilde{Q}_{\rm gas}$ deterministically dictates star formation locally, time evolution, variation in local conditions (e.g. gas fractions and dynamical times), and variations between galaxies can destroy much of the observable correlation between SFR and $\tilde{Q}_{\rm gas}$ in resolved galaxy surveys. Additionally, this model exhibits large scatter in SFRs at low gas surface densities, in agreement with observations of flat outer H i disc velocity dispersion profiles.
A merger shock in Abell 1367
Authors: Ge Chong , Sun Ming , Liu Ruo-Yu , Rudnick Lawrence , Sarazin Craig , Forman William , Jones Christine , Chen Hao , Liu Wenhao , Yagi Masafumi , Boselli Alessandro , Fossati Matteo , Gavazzi Giuseppe 
Published: April 2019

ABSTRACT
Multiwavelength observations show that Abell 1367 (A1367) is a dynamically young cluster, with at least two subclusters merging along the SE–NW direction. With the wide-field XMM–Newton mosaic of A1367, we discover a previously unknown merger shock at the NW edge of the cluster. We estimate the shock Mach number from the density and temperature jumps as Mρ = 1.21 ± 0.08 and MT = 1.60 ± 0.07, respectively. This shock region also corresponds to a radio relic discovered with the VLA and GBT, which could be produced by the shock re-acceleration of pre-existing seed relativistic electrons. We suggest that some of the seed relativistic electrons originate from late-type, star-forming galaxies in this region.
Cumulative shift of periastron time of binary pulsar with Kozai–Lidov oscillation
Authors: Suzuki Haruka , Gupta Priti , Okawa Hirotada , Maeda Kei-ichi 
Published: April 2019

ABSTRACT
We study a hierarchical triple system with the Kozai–Lidov mechanism, and analyse the cumulative shift of periastron time of a binary pulsar by the emission of gravitational waves. Time evolution of the osculating orbital elements of the triple system is calculated by directly integrating the first-order post-Newtonian equations of motion. The Kozai–Lidov mechanism will bend the evolution curve of the cumulative shift when the eccentricity becomes large. We also investigate the parameter range of mass and semimajor axis of the third companion with which the bending of the cumulative-shift curve could occur within 100 yr.
Can we predict the impact conditions of metre-sized meteoroids?
Authors: Zuluaga Jorge I , Cuartas-Restrepo Pablo A , Ospina Jonathan , Sucerquia Mario 
Published: April 2019

ABSTRACT
Every year, a few metre-sized meteoroids impact the atmosphere of the Earth. Most (if not all) of them are undetectable before the impact. Therefore, predicting where and how they will fall seems to be an impossible task. In this letter, we show compelling evidence that we can constrain in advance, the dynamical and geometrical conditions of an impact. For this purpose, we analyse the well-documented case of the Chelyabinsk (Russia) impact and the more recent and smaller Viñales (Cuba) event, whose conditions we estimate and provide here. After using the Gravitational Ray Tracing (GRT) algorithm to ‘predict’ the impact conditions of the aforementioned events, we find that the speed, incoming direction, and (marginally) the orbital elements of the corresponding meteoroids could be constrained in advance, starting only on one hand, with the geographical location and time of the impact, and on the other hand, with the distribution in configuration space of near-Earth objects (NEOs). Any improvement in our capability to predict or at least to constrain impact properties of medium-sized and large meteoroids will help us to be better prepared for its potentially damaging effects.
Histone H1.5 binds over splice sites in chromatin and regulates alternative splicing
Authors: Glaich Ohad , Leader Yodfat , Lev Maor Galit , Ast Gil 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Chromatin organization and epigenetic markers influence splicing, though the magnitudes of these effects and the mechanisms are largely unknown. Here, we demonstrate that linker histone H1.5 influences mRNA splicing. We observed that linker histone H1.5 binds DNA over splice sites of short exons in human lung fibroblasts (IMR90 cells). We found that association of H1.5 with these splice sites correlated with the level of inclusion of alternatively spliced exons. Exons marked by H1.5 had more RNA polymerase II (RNAP II) stalling near the 3′ splice site than did exons not associated with H1.5. In cells depleted of H1.5, we showed that the inclusion of five exons evaluated decreased and that RNAP II levels over these exons were also reduced. Our findings indicate that H1.5 is involved in regulation of splice site selection and alternative splicing, a function not previously demonstrated for linker histones.
AppA: a web server for analysis, comparison, and visualization of contact residues and interfacial waters of antibody–antigen structures and models
Authors: Nguyen Minh N , Verma Chandra S , Zhong Pingyu 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe study of contact residues and interfacial waters of antibody–antigen (Ab-Ag) structures could help in understanding the principles of antibody–antigen interactions as well as provide guidance for designing antibodies with improved affinities. Given the rapid pace with which new antibody–antigen structures are deposited in the protein databank (PDB), it is crucial to have computational tools to analyze contact residues and interfacial waters, and investigate them at different levels. In this study, we have developed AppA, a web server that can be used to analyze and compare 3D structures of contact residues and interfacial waters of antibody–antigen complexes. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first web server for antibody–antigen structures equipped with the capability for dissecting the contributions of interfacial water molecules, hydrogen bonds, hydrophobic interactions, van der Waals interactions and ionic interactions at the antibody–antigen interface, and for comparing the structures and conformations of contact residues. Various examples showcase the utility of AppA for such analyses and comparisons that could help in the understanding of antibody–antigen interactions and suggest mutations of contact residues to improve affinities of antibodies. The AppA web server is freely accessible at http://mspc.bii.a-star.edu.sg/minhn/appa.html.
The Impact of “Churn” on Plasma HIV Burden Within a Population Under Care
Authors: Krentz Hartmut B , Vu Quang , Gill M John 
Published: April 2019

Abstract

Background
Cross-sectional reporting of viral suppression rates within a population underestimates the community viral load (VL) burden. Longitudinal approaches, while addressing cumulative effects, may still underestimate viral burden if “churn” (movement in and out of care) is not incorporated. We examined the impact of churn on the cumulative community HIV viral burden.

Methods
All HIV+ patients followed in 2016–2017 at the Southern Alberta Clinic (Calgary, Canada) were categorized as follows: (1) in continuous care, (2) newly diagnosed, (3) diagnosed elsewhere transferring care, (4) returning to care, (5) lost-to-follow-up, (6) moved care elsewhere, or (7) died. Patient days were classified by VL as suppressed (≤200copies/ml), unsuppressed (&gt;200 copies/ml), and transmittable (&gt;1500 copies/ml).

Results
Of 1934 patients, 78.4% had suppressed VL; 21.4% had ≥1 unsuppressed VL, and 18.7% ≥1 transmittable VL. Of 1 276 507 total patient days in care, 92.1% were spent suppressed, 7.9% unsuppressed (101 459 days), and 6.4% (81 847 days) transmittable. 88.7% of category 1 patients had suppressed VL, 11.3% ≥1 unsuppressed VL, and 8.9% ever a transmittable VL. Of category 2 patients, 90% became suppressed on treatment (mean – 62 days). 38.5% of category 3 patients presented with a transmittable VL. Category 4 and 5 patients combined had high rates of unsuppressed (54.5%) and transmittable (51.2%) VL and, while representing only 6.2% of all patients, they accounted for 37.1% of unsuppressed and 41.5% of all transmittable days.

Conclusion
Focus on VL of patients continuously in care misses those with unsuppressed and transmittable VL in a community. Patients moving in and out of care pose an underappreciated risk for HIV transmissions.
Gender differences for theory-based determinants of muscle-strengthening physical activity in college-aged students: a moderation analysis
Authors: Fairchild Saidi Grace , Branscum Paul 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Researchers and practitioners have primarily focused on understanding and promoting aerobic forms of physical activity (PA), while leaving muscle-strengthening forms of PA less understood. There are also stark gender disparities for muscle-strengthening PA but not aerobic PA. The purpose of this study was to apply the reasoned action approach (RAA) toward understanding theory-based determinants of muscle-strengthening PA and to explore gender differences. Female (n = 272) and male (n = 120) college students completed a valid and reliable survey evaluating their participation in muscle-strengthening PA and the constructs of the RAA (intentions, attitudes, perceived norms, and perceived behavioral control [PBC]). Results showed that attitudes, perceived norms, and PBC explained a substantial amount of the variance of intentions for both female (53.8%) and male (54.7%) participants; however, when predicting participation in muscle-strengthening PA, PBC moderated the relationship between intentions and muscle-strengthening PA participation for female participants but not for male participants. Results from this study showed that for women, implementational processes are likely needed for public health interventions to promote muscle-strengthening PA to build capability, skills, and self-efficacy, while for men, motivational interventions are warranted to create favorable attitudes.
BCG-induced discitis and osteomyelitis in a patient with a history of bladder cancer
Authors: Heck Cheryl L. , Schwartzbauer Gary T. 
Published: April 2019

ABSTRACT
This article describes the diagnosis and treatment of a patient with lumbar discitis and osteomyelitis caused by Bacillus Calmette-Guérin instillation therapy for treatment of superficial bladder cancer. Treatment of this rare condition consists of antituberculosis microbial therapy and one or more IV antibiotics to cover multidrug-resistant bacteria in the bone.
The need for greater diversity in the PA profession
Authors: Coplan Bettie , Fleming Shani 
Published: April 2019

ABSTRACT
Leading organizations committed to improving health and healthcare in the United States agree that a more diverse healthcare workforce is needed to combat widespread disparities affecting underrepresented minority and underserved populations. Until the 1990s, a higher proportion of underrepresented minorities entered PA programs than other healthcare professions programs, such as medical school. However, in recent years, the PA profession has struggled to increase diversity among its ranks. This article reviews the rationale for greater diversity in the PA workforce, discusses the obstacles that underrepresented minority students and PA educators face, and makes recommendations to address diversity. The PA profession's rapid growth presents an opportunity to expedite change through community outreach, sustained commitment to diversity, research, and policy change.
Deprescribing
Authors: Diggins Kristene 
Published: April 2019

Abstract:
In today's clinical landscape, the simultaneous use of multiple drugs to treat a single condition has become a major patient safety issue. Recent evidence suggests a need to identify deprescribing opportunities in the management of polypharmacy. NPs, as clinical gatekeepers, are in a key position to spearhead deprescribing best practices, specifically as they relate to older adults with multiple medication regimens.