bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Relationship between the Big Five Personality Factors and Work Engagement in Malayer University Staff
Authors: KARIMI Janad 
Published: September 2019

Background: Human resource is among the factors that influence the survival of organizations. It has always been considered by organization managers and officials. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between big five personality and work engagement among Malayer University staff.
Methods: This descriptive correlation study was conducted among the Malayer University staff. A total of 140 employees were selected by convenience sampling. Measurement tools in the study were: The Big Five Inventory (NEO) and Utrecht Work Engagement Scale. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation), Pearson’s correlation coefficient, as well as multiple linear regressions. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS-v 22.0.
Results: Pearson correlation analysis showed that work engagement had a significant positive relationship with conscientiousness (P<0.001, r= 0.71), openness to experience (P<0.001, r= 0.78), and extraversion (P<0.001, r= 0.76). Furthermore, a negative relationship was found between neuroticism (P<0.001, r=- 0.72), and work engagement. Multiple regression analysis also showed that extraversion (P<0.001, B= 0.29) and openness to experience (P<0.001, B= 0.27) had a positive relationship with work engagement. However, neuroticism (P<0.001, B= - 0.40) had a negative relationship with work engagement. Extraversion, openness to experience, and neuroticism were the predictive factors for work engagement and explained 40% of the variation in staff’s work engagement.
Conclusions: Results indicated that neuroticism was the best predictor of work engagement and acted as a vulnerability factor. In other words, staff with stronger neuroticism have more work problems, such as low motivation and decreased performance.
MILITARY OPERATIONS OTHER THAN WAR (MOOTW): SYNERGY OF INDONESIAN NATIONAL ARMED FORCES (TNI) AND NATIONAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT AGENCY (BNPB) IN DISASTER MANAGEMENT
Authors: Djuyandi Yusa , Casnoto Heri , Hidayat Wahyu 
Published: September 2019

Purpose of the study: The position of Indonesia at the point of three plates of the earth and its location in the tropics makes it vulnerable to disasters. To face the possible disaster, Indonesia Armed Force following its mandate based on Law No. 34 of 2007, synergize with the National Board of Disaster Management to design disaster management cooperation through joint exercise training routinely until 2015.
Methodology: The research used a qualitative method, with primary data in the form of interview and observation, and secondary data were obtained from related documents, such as meeting notes and data on the deployment of troops to the disaster area.
Main Findings: The results show that the synergy between two institutions through the cooperation of personnel training, considering the strengths of each institution that can be mutually reinforcing in disaster management is very important to be continued.
Applications of this study: This study which about military operations other than war (MOOTW) can be useful in every country because of this research look at the synergy between the military and other institutions in disaster management, Social Science, Security Studies and Social Science.
Novelty/Originality of this study: Research on military operations other than war generally looks more at how the military serves as peacekeepers in conflict-prone areas. Very little research has examined the synergy of the military and other institutions in tackling natural disasters.
Perfil Epidemiológico dos Isolamentos dos Microrganismos ‘Problema’
Authors: Atilano Carvalho Pedro , Monteiro Ana , Almeida Bruno , Correia Filomena Horta , Resende Vera , Nunes Carla , Lopes Sílvia 
Published: September 2019

Introdução: As infeções são um problema cada vez mais frequente e a presença de microrganismos resistentes cria impacto clínico e económico. Este estudo tem por objetivo determinar o perfil epidemiológico dos microrganismos ‘problema’ isolados num hospital do norte de Portugal.Material e Métodos: Foram analisados todos os isolamentos microbiológicos, entre janeiro de 2014 a junho de 2015. Os dados foram tratados em software estatístico.Resultados: Analisaram-se 8146 isolamentos microbiológicos, nos quais se obtiveram 23% de isolamentos de microrganismos ‘problema’ (por ordem decrescente de frequência: Enterococcus, Pseudomonas, Staphylococcus aureus e Streptococcus pneumonia), sendo 57,55% em doentes do sexo masculino. O mecanismo de resistência mais frequente foi a produção de betalactamase de espectro estendido no global dos isolamentos e a resistência à oxacilina nos microrganismos ‘problema’.Discussão: Nesta amostra, observou-se uma incidência bastante superior de microrganismos problema àquela publicada noutros países, o que remete para a necessidade da melhoria de mecanismos de vigilância e tratamento destes casos. Os microrganismos que apresentaram mais resistências foram o Staphylococcus aureus (resistente à oxacilina) e o Enterococcus (resistente à vancomicina), tendo-se verificado que a média de idades nestes casos era superior à dos não resistentes. A maioria destes microrganismos foi isolada no internamento e unidades de cuidados diferenciados, o que os relaciona a infeções associadas aos cuidados de saúde.Conclusão: A prevalência de infeção por microrganismos ‘problema’ no período estudado foi de 23%. É importante a deteção e o controle da disseminação destes microrganismos pelo seu impacto nos custos em saúde, morbilidade e sobrevida dos doentes.
Update on Atopic Dermatitis
Authors: Torres Tiago , Ferreira Eduarda Osório , Gonçalo Margarida , Mendes-Bastos Pedro , Selores Manuela , Filipe Paulo 
Published: September 2019

With an increasing prevalence during the past decades, atopic dermatitis has become a global health issue. A literature search following a targeted approach was undertaken to perform this non-systematic review, which intends to provide an overview of the epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical features, comorbidities, and current therapies for the treatment of atopic dermatitis. In sum, this is a heterogeneous skin disorder associated with variable morphology, distribution, and disease course. Although not completely understood, its pathogenesis is complex and seems to result from a combination of genetic and environmental factors that induce skin barrier dysfunction, cutaneous and systemic immune dysregulation, skin microbiota dysbiosis, and a strong genetic influence. Diagnosis is based on specific criteria that consider patient and family history and clinical manifestations. Overall disease severity must be determined by evaluating both objective signs and subjective symptoms. Therapeutic goals require a multistep approach, focusing on reducing pruritus and establishing disease control. Patients should be advised on basic skin care and avoidance of triggers. Topical anti-inflammatory agents should be considered in disease flares or chronic/recurrent lesions. In case of inadequate response, phototherapy, systemic immunosuppressants and, more recently, dupilumab, should be added. Nevertheless, the treatment of moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis remains challenging and novel, efficacious, safe and targeted treatments are urgently needed. In conclusion, although the last few years have seen important improvement in the understanding of the disease, future research in atopic dermatitis will continue exploring gene-environment interactions and how it affects pathophysiology, disease severity, and treatment outcomes.
The effect of oxytocin vaginal gel on vaginal atrophy in postmenopausal women: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Zohrabi Ilnaz , Abedi Parvin , Ansari Somayeh , Maraghi Elham , Maram Nader Shakiba 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background: Around 90% of postmenopausal women are suffering from vaginal atrophy. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of oxytocin vaginal gel on vaginal atrophy among postmenopausal women. Methods: This was a randomized controlled trial that was conducted on 96 postmenopausal women who suffered from vaginal atrophy. The inclusion criteria were: literate women, age 40-60, at least one year passed from their last menstrual period or the level of FSH>40IU, monogamous women with the sexual relationship. Women in the intervention group, requested to use one applicator of 400 IU oxytocin gel per night and women in the placebo group used placebo each night. The subjective symptoms of vaginal atrophy, vaginal PH, maturation index were measured before and after the intervention. Results: The number of superficial cells was increased significantly in the oxytocin group compared to placebo (38.7±7.18 vs. 3.69±2.76, p=0.0001), while the number of parabasal cells was decreased significantly in the oxytocin compared to placebo after the intervention. The improvement of the maturation index was more dominant in the oxytocin group (increased from 7.76±4.68 to 52.48±7.54) in comparison to the placebo group (increased from 8.58±4.35 to 13.25±5.06). The PH of the vagina decreased significantly in the oxytocin group in comparison to the placebo group (p=0.0001). After eight weeks, 88.6% and 7.1% of women in the oxytocin and placebo groups did not show the severe symptoms of vaginal atrophy (p=0.001) Conclusion: The results of this study showed that eight week intervention with oxytocin vaginal gel (400 IU) could significantly improve the vaginal maturation index, subjective symptoms of vaginal atrophy and reduce the PH of the vagina. Using this medication in women who have a contraindication for hormone therapy is recommended.
The efficacy of Bifidobacterium quadruple viable tablet in the treatment of diarrhea predominant irritable bowel syndrome: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter trial.
Authors: Zeng Haoyu , Bai Tao , Long Yanqin , Li Xiaoqing , Sun Xiaohong , Lan Yu , Gao Lingling , Zhang Lu , Feng Zenghui , Hou Xiaohua 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is one of the most acommon functional gastrointestinal disorders characterized by recurrent abdominal pain associated with defecation or a change in bowel habits. Leading to significant negative effect on patients’ quality of life and huge financial burden to health system, the management of IBS is a great challenge. Probiotics are considered as an effective therapy, however, in a lack of high-quality evidence of efficacy, no specific strain- and dose-probiotics were recommended in clinical guidelines. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of the bifidobacterium quadruple viable tablet in the treatment of IBS-D.
Methods/design A multicenter randomized controlled trial will be performed in fourteen hospitals. A total of three hundred patients fulfill the eligible criteria will be stratified divided into an experimental group and a control group randomly in a ratio of 1:1. The experimental group is treated with the bifidobacterium quadruple viable tablet while the control group is treated with placebo. All the patients will receive a 4-week treatment and a 2-week follow-up. The primary outcome is the effectiveness in improving abdominal pain and stool consistency, the secondary outcome include evaluation of overall symptom relief, frequency of defecation, bloating, urgency of defecation, remedial medication, score of IBS-QOL and changes of microbiota and metabonomics. Physical examination, vital signs, laboratory tests, adverse events and concomitant medication will be taken into account for intervention safety assessment during the trial.
Discussion This multicenter randomized controlled trial may provide high-quality evidence on the efficacy of the bifidobacterium quadruple viable tablet for IBS-D on both physical and mental dimensions in China. To fill the gap of previous probiotics intervention studies, in addition, this study will also present safety assessment which will be a significant emphasis.
Double-chamber Syringe Versus Classical Syringes for Peripheral Intravenous Drug Administration and Catheter Flushing: a Study Protocol for a Randomised Controlled Trial
Authors: Parreira Pedro Miguel , Sousa Liliana M. , Marques Inês A. , Costa Paulo , Braga Luciene M. , Cruz Arménio G. , Salgueiro-Oliveira Anabela 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background

The prevention of catheter-related complications is nowadays an important topic of research. Flushing the catheters is considered an important clinical procedure in preventing malfunction and several complications such as phlebitis or infection. Considering the latest guidelines of the Infusion Nurses Society, the flushing involves a pre and post-drug administration, requiring different syringes (with associated overall increased times of preparation/administration of intravenous medication by nurses, also increasing the need for manipulation of the venous catheter).Methods

A multi-centre, two-arm randomised controlled trial with partially blinded outcome assessment, of 146 adult patients. After eligibility analysis and informed consent, participants will receive usual intravenous administration of drugs with subsequent flushing procedures, with the double-chamber syringe (arm A) or with the classical syringes (arm B). The outcomes assessment will be performed on a daily basis by the unblind research team, with the same procedures in both groups. Some main outcomes, such as phlebitis and infiltration, will also be evaluated by nurses from a blind research team and registered once a day.Discussion

The study outlined in this protocol will provide valuable insight regarding the effectiveness and safety of this new medical device. The development of a new medical device (dual-chamber syringe, for drug and flush solution) seems to be an important step to facilitate the nurses’ adoption of good clinical practices in intravenous procedures, reducing the catheter manipulations.
Relative risk of intimate partner violence according to access to instrumental social support among pregnant women in Eswatini whose partners do and do not drink alcohol
Authors: Fielding-Miller Rebecca , Barker Kathryn , Wagman Jennifer 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background Intimate partner violence (IPV) affects 1 in 3 women around the world and is the 10th leading cause of death for women in the Africa region ages 15-29. Partner alcohol use, access to social support, and poverty all affect women’s likelihood of experiencing violence. We sought to understand how partner alcohol use differentially affected instrumental social support’s protective role against IPV for a clinic-based sample of women in the Kingdom of Eswatini (Swaziland).Methods We recruited 406 pregnant women from one rural and one urban antenatal clinic in Eswatini. Women used audio computer assisted self-interview software to answer a 45 minute behavioral survey with items on IPV, partner alcohol use, and likelihood that they could access small cash loans, large cash loans, or food loans from their social network. We then calculated the relative risk of experiencing IPV based on access to different forms of loans for the full sample and stratified by partner alcohol use.Results Confidence that she could access a fairly large loan (~$40) was associated with significantly decreased relative risk of IPV for all women. Confidence that she could access a fairly small loan (~$4) was associated with decreased relative risk of IPV for women whose partners did not drink but was insignificant for women whose partners did drink. Confidence that a friend or neighbor would lend her food was associated with decreased relative risk of IPV for women whose partners did drink.Conclusion Access to instrumental support (loans of food or money) is protective against IPV, but there are differential effects according to the type of loan and whether or not a woman’s partner drinks alcohol. Economic empowerment interventions to reduce IPV must be carefully tailored to ensure they are appropriate for a woman’s specific individual, relationship, and community context.
Women’s retention on the Continuum of Maternal Care Pathway in West Gojjam Zone, Ethiopia: Multilevel Analysis
Authors: Emiru Amanu Aragaw , Alene Getu Degu , Debelew Gurmesa Tura 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background The continuum of maternal care has been one of the effective approaches for improving the health of mothers and newborns. Although a large numbers of Ethiopian women do not use maternal health services, points of drop out along the continuum are not understood well. Understanding of a particular point of maternal care dropout on the continuum, however, helps governments make effective interventions. This study aimed to assess the extent of women’s service use and the factors affecting retention on the continuum of care in West Gojjam Zone, Ethiopia. Methods A community based survey linked to health facility data was conducted in June 2018. Data were obtained from 1281 mothers who gave birth to their last baby within the preceding 12-18 months from a two-stage cluster sampling. Data were collected via face-to-face interviews using a pretested questionnaire. Multilevel logistic regression models were used to examine the effects of individual and cluster-level factors on key elements of the continuum of care. The measure of fixed effects was expressed as Odds Ratio with 95% confidence interval.Results The study revealed that only 12.1% of women completed the continuum of care (ANC4+, SBA, PNC within 48 hours after birth); while, 25.1% reported not having care at any stage for their most recent birth. There were commonalities and differences in the predictors of the three indicators of maternal health service utilization. Variables related to services received during antenatal care such as early initiation of ANC (AOR=7.53, 95%CI, 2.94, 19.29) and receiving proper contents (AOR=3.31, 95%CI, 1.08, 10.16) were among the predictors significantly associated with the completion of the continuum of care. Conclusions The continuum of maternal care completion rate was extremely low, indicating that women were not getting the maximum possible health benefit from existing health services. Factors influencing each of the three indicators of maternal care service revealed to operate at various levels - individual, household, community, and facility. Since antenatal care is one of the basic gateways for subsequent use of maternal services, strategies that aimed to improve maternal health service utilization should target early initiation and antenatal care quality.
Activity of taurolidine on species associated with periodontitis
Authors: Radakovic Sabrina , Schmid Simon , Andreoli Nicola , Nietzsche Sandor , Zumbrunn Jürg , Sculean Anton , Eick Sigrun 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background Taurolidine is thought to be an alternative antimicrobial in periodontal therapy. The purpose of this follow-up taurolidine study was to determine in more detail the mode of action of taurolidine against bacterial species being associated with periodontal disease. Further, a potential development of resistance against taurolidine in comparison with minocycline was to evaluate. Results Visualizing the mode of action of taurolidine to Porphyromonas gingivalis by scanning and transmission electron micrographs showed in part pores and release of constituents from the cell wall. The interaction of taurolidin with bacterial cell wall is also supported by the finding that taurolidine inhibited in a concentration-dependent manner the activities of LPS and of the P. gingivalis arginine-specific gingipains. However, an effect on A. actinomycetemcomitans leukotoxin was not found. When transferring 14 clinical isolates from subgingival biofilm samples (4 P. gingivalis, 2 A. actinomycetemcomitans, 2 Tannerella forsythia, 2 Fusobacterium nucleatum, 4 oral streptococci) on agar plates containing subinhibitory concentrations of taurolidine up to 50 passages, one P. gingivalis strain developed a resistance against taurolidine which was probably linked with efflux mechanisms. When antimicrobial pressure was removed, MIC reverted to baseline value. Testing development of resistance to minocycline in a similar way, an increase of MIC values occurred in five of the 14 included strains after exposure to subinhibitory concentrations of the antibiotic. Efflux might play a role in one A. actinomycetemcomitans strains, but obviously not in the other four strains. Removing antimicrobial pressure for a few passages did not revert the increased MIC values. Conclusion Taurolidine interacts with LPS and gingipains. Development of resistance seems to be a rare event when applying taurolidine. A potential development of resistance might be associated with efflux mechanisms.
Extended-spectrum Beta-lactamase and AmpC Beta-lactamase producing gram negative bacilli isolated from clinical specimens at International Clinical Laboratories, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Authors: Tekele Saba Gebremichael , Teklu Dejenie Shiferaw , Legese Melese Hailu , Birru Samuel Kinde , Tullu Kassu Desta 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Abstract
Background : For Gram negative pathogens, production of beta-lactamase (β-lactamases) enzymes are the main mechanisms of resistance for most antimicrobial drugs. Of these β-lactamases, Extended spectrum Beta-lactamases (ESBL) and AmpC β-lactamases (AmpC) are the commonest enzymes produced by gram negative bacilli which are main mechanisms for the resistance all generations of cephalosporins. This study was therefore, aimed to assess the magnitude of ESBL and AmpC producing gram negative bacilli (GNB) isolated from clinical specimens at International clinical Laboratories, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted between January to May 2018. From different clinical specimens, 338 GNB were isolated. Bacterial species identification, antimicrobial susceptibility testing and β-lactamases screening were performed using phoenix automated system (BD phoenix 100 ). Cefoxitin resistant bacteria were confirmed for AmpC β-lactamases production by AmpC confirmatory disc. ESBLs production was confirmed using a combination disc method. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20 software.
Results: The predominant GNB was E. coli 66.0% (224/338) followed by K. pneumoniae 12.1% (41/338). The overall magnitude of ESBL producing GNB was 38.8% (131/338) while AmpC β-lactamases producing GNB was 2.4% (8/338). The majority of ESBLs and AmpC β-lactamases producing GNB were isolated from urine specimen 47.5% (116/338). Ampicillin (75.4%), amoxicillin with clavulanic acid (64.0%) and sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim (55.6%) were most common resistance antibiotics. Multidrug resistance (MDR) level was 73.7% (249/338). Of ESBLs and AmpC β-lactamases producing GNB, 99.3% were MDR (P < 0.05).
Conclusion: The magnitude of ESBL and AmpC β-lactamases producing GNB were significantly high which is worrying that needs intervention to minimize further occurrence and spread of such GNB. The MDR level was high which suggests continuous monitoring & reviewing of antimicrobial policy in hospitals and the country at large.
Keywords: Extended spectrum β-lactamase, AmpC β-lactamase, Multidrug Resistance, Gram negative bacilli, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia