bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Muscle MRI in patients with dysferlinopathy: pattern recognition and implications for clinical trials
Authors: Diaz-Manera Jordi , Fernandez-Torron Roberto , LLauger Jaume , James Meredith K , Mayhew Anna , Smith Fiona E , Moore Ursula R , Blamire Andrew M , Carlier Pierre G , Rufibach Laura , Mittal Plavi , Eagle Michelle , Jacobs Marni , Hodgson Tim , Wallace Dorothy , Ward Louise , Smith Mark , Stramare Roberto , Rampado Alessandro , Sato Noriko , Tamaru Takeshi , Harwick Bruce , Rico Gala Susana , Turk Suna , Coppenrath Eva M , Foster Glenn , Bendahan David , Le Fur Yann , Fricke Stanley T , Otero Hansel , Foster Sheryl L , Peduto Anthony , Sawyer Anne Marie , Hilsden Heather , Lochmuller Hanns , Grieben Ulrike , Spuler Simone , Tesi Rocha Carolina , Day John W , Jones Kristi J , Bharucha-Goebel Diana X , Salort-Campana Emmanuelle , Harms Matthew , Pestronk Alan , Krause Sabine , Schreiber-Katz Olivia , Walter Maggie C , Paradas Carmen , Hogrel Jean-Yves , Stojkovic Tanya , Takeda Shin’ichi , Mori-Yoshimura Madoka , Bravver Elena , Sparks Susan , Bello Luca , Semplicini Claudio , Pegoraro Elena , Mendell Jerry R , Bushby Kate , Straub Volker 
Published: October 2018

Background and objectiveDysferlinopathies are a group of muscle disorders caused by mutations in the DYSF gene. Previous muscle imaging studies describe a selective pattern of muscle involvement in smaller patient cohorts, but a large imaging study across the entire spectrum of the dysferlinopathies had not been performed and previous imaging findings were not correlated with functional tests.MethodsWe present cross-sectional T1-weighted muscle MRI data from 182 patients with genetically confirmed dysferlinopathies. We have analysed the pattern of muscles involved in the disease using hierarchical analysis and presented it as heatmaps. Results of the MRI scans have been correlated with relevant functional tests for each region of the body analysed.ResultsIn 181 of the 182 patients scanned, we observed muscle pathology on T1-weighted images, with the gastrocnemius medialis and the soleus being the most commonly affected muscles. A similar pattern of involvement was identified in most patients regardless of their clinical presentation. Increased muscle pathology on MRI correlated positively with disease duration and functional impairment.ConclusionsThe information generated by this study is of high diagnostic value and important for clinical trial development. We have been able to describe a pattern that can be considered as characteristic of dysferlinopathy. We have defined the natural history of the disease from a radiological point of view. These results enabled the identification of the most relevant regions of interest for quantitative MRI in longitudinal studies, such as clinical trials.Clinical trial registrationNCT01676077.
Red cell distribution width in coronary heart disease: prediction of restenosis and its relationship with inflammatory markers and lipids
Authors: Qian Hang , Luo Zhihuan , Xiao Chunmei , Chen Jishun , Li Dongfeng , Xu Hao , He Peigen , Zhou Xintao , Zhang Tao , Min Xinwen 
Published: October 2018

AbstractBackgroundRed cell distribution width (RDW) is associated with a poor prognosis and adverse events in cardiovascular diseases. The aims of this study were to investigate the relationship between serum RDW levels and outcomes after percutaneous coronary intervention and to identify potential novel laboratory markers for evaluating the risk of in-stent restenosis (ISR) with stable angina pectoris.MethodsA total of 261 patients with coronary heart disease from Dongfeng General Hospital implanted with a coronary drug-eluting stent (DES) were enrolled in the study. We retrospectively analysed the role and prognosis values of serum parameters that were measured before angiography at the first admission. According to the results of the second angiogram, the patients were divided into two groups as follows: the non-ISR group (n=143) and the ISR group (n=118). The clinical characteristics and all laboratory data were considered for univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses.ResultsThe white cell count, RDW, neutrophil count, C-reactive protein (CRP), total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), blood urea nitrogen and uric acid levels were higher in the ISR group than in the non-ISR group. There were no differences in the rates of hypertension, fasting plasma glucose, red cell count, neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio, platelet count, triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and creatinine levels. In the univariate regression analysis, age, diabetes, white cell count, neutrophil count, RDW, CRP, total cholesterol, LDL-C, blood urea nitrogen, Gensini score and number of stents were predictors of ISR. According to the multiple logistic regression analysis, age, RDW and number of stents were independent predictors of ISR.ConclusionsPreprocedural blood parameters can independently predict ISR. Our study results demonstrated that a high preprocedural RDW is an independent predictor of DES restenosis.
A long wait: barriers to discharge for long length of stay patients
Authors: Zhao Emma Jane , Yeluru Apurva , Manjunath Lakshman , Zhong Lei Ray , Hsu Hsiao-Tieh , Lee Charles K , Wong Anny C , Abramian Matthew , Manella Haley , Svec David , Shieh Lisa 
Published: October 2018

AbstractIntroductionReducing long length of stay (LLOS, or inpatient stays lasting over 30 days) is an important way for hospitals to improve cost efficiency, bed availability and health outcomes. Discharge delays can cost hundreds to thousands of dollars per patient, and LLOS represents a burden on bed availability for other potential patients. However, most research studies investigating discharge barriers are not LLOS-specific. Of those that do, nearly all are limited by further patient subpopulation focus or small sample size. To our knowledge, our study is the first to describe LLOS discharge barriers in an entire Department of Medicine.MethodsWe conducted a chart review of 172 LLOS patients in the Department of Medicine at an academic tertiary care hospital and quantified the most frequent causes of delay as well as factors causing the greatest amount of delay time. We also interviewed healthcare staff for their perceptions on barriers to discharge.ResultsDischarge site coordination was the most frequent cause of delay, affecting 56% of patients and accounting for 80% of total non-medical postponement days. Goals of care issues and establishment of follow-up care were the next most frequent contributors to delay.ConclusionTogether with perspectives from interviewed staff, these results highlight multiple different areas of opportunity for reducing LLOS and maximising the care capacity of inpatient hospitals.
TRANSITION PROBABILITIES BETWEEN ENTREPRENEURSHIP PHASES IN AFRICA’S EMERGING ECONOMIES: THE CASE OF NIGERIA AND SOUTH AFRICA
Authors: AKINYEMI FOLASHADE , OJAH KALU 
Published: October 2018

Using cross-sectional data from 1148 structured questionnaires, administered in two key commercial hubs of Africa’s largest economies (609 from Lagos in Nigeria and 539 from Johannesburg in South Africa), we examine the volatility of venture firms, and particularly ascertain what life-cycle phases they are likely to transition out of quickly or sluggishly in the entrepreneurship process. Adopting GEM’s concept of entrepreneurship phases — conception, firm’s-birth, persistence, established and renowned phases — we find that the most volatile entrepreneurship phase in Nigeria is the conception phase while the conception and firm’s-birth phases are the most volatile in South Africa. The highest transition rate for start-ups in both countries occurs between the persistent and established phases. Overall, Nigeria’s start-ups have better prospects for progression than South Africa’s, and the transitioning differences between the two countries are attributable to differences in personality traits of the entrepreneurs. Therefore, governments seeking to influence likelihood of success at the more strategic phases of the entrepreneurship process should prioritize early phases while only channeling little of the scarce support funds to later-phases, especially when seeking to scale-up productive capabilities of emerging enterprises, in addition to encouraging personality traits that can compensate for inadequate environmental support for entrepreneurship.
Рентгенофлуоресцентний аналіз макро- та мікроелементного складу остеопоротично змінених альвеолярних відростків нижньої щелепи за фармакологічної корекції та кісткової ретенції
Authors: Martovlos A. I. 
Published: October 2018

Резюме. Лікування зубощелепних аномалій та деформацій, зокрема у пацієнтів дорослого віку, становить актуальну проблему в сучасній стоматології. Переміщення зубів при ортодонтичному лікуванні супроводжується процесами резорбції та утворенням нової кісткової тканини, що оточує зуб. У дорослих пацієнтів значна частина зубощелепних аномалій супроводжується остеопоротичним процесом кісток скелета і кісткової тканини пародонта, зокрема зниженням рівня макро- і мікроелементів, поповнення дефіциту яких потенціюється остеотропними препаратами, що можуть проявляти індивідуальний вплив на різні кістки скелета.
Мета дослідження – вивчити перерозподіл життєво важливих для скелетних кісток макро- та мікроелементів до і після моделювання системного остеопорозу скелетних кісток, зокрема альвеолярного відростка щелеп та його фармакологічної корекції у порівнянні.
Матеріали і методи. У роботі використано 350 білих нелінійних щурів, яких поділили на 8 груп (перша – інтактні тварини, друга – щури, у яких в якості моделі змін кісткової тканини під час ортодонтичного переміщення зубів, змодельовано остеопороз, третя – тварини, яким до завершення експерименту продовжували застосовувати остеопорозомоделювальний фактор, четверта – тварини із змодельованим остеопорозом, які отримували препарат «Остеогенон», п’ята – аналогічна група щурів, що отримувала препарат «Вітрум®Остеомаг», шоста – тварини, які отримували препарат «Бівалос®», сьома – щури, що отримували препарат «Терафлекс®», восьма – плацебо). Ідентифікацію кількісного та якісного складу хімічних елементів (Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Sr, Ca, P) проводили за допомогою рентгенофлуоресцентного аналізу в кістковій тканині нижньої щелепи, хребця хвостового відділу і стегнової кістки.
Результати досліджень та їх обговорення. Виявлено різний рівень накопичення хімічних елементів у досліджуваних кістках після проведеного лікування. Встановлено, що препарат на основі глікозаміногліканів «Терафлекс®» найефективніше сприяв достовірному поповненню дефіциту важливих хімічних елементів для функціонування кісткової тканини альвеолярних відростків щелеп. Препарат «Вітрум®Остеомаг» ефективно впливав на показники хімічних елементів у хребцях, а «Остеогенон» – більшою мірою на показники стегнової кістки. Разом з тим, препарат «Бівалос®» – стронцію ранелат, достовірно пригнічував показники усіх хімічних елементів, найбільше накопичуючись у стегновій кістці.
Висновки. Препарат «Терафлекс®» безумовно посилює оптимізацію репаративних процесів у забезпеченні «кісткової ретенції» як фактора профілактики рецидивів при лікуванні зубощелепних аномалій у пацієнтів дорослого віку.
Вивчення імунологічного статусу ротової рідини в дітей з основними стоматологічними захворюваннями, які страждають від олігофренії
Authors: Dutko H. Z. 
Published: October 2018

Резюме. Високу інтенсивність та поширеність захворювань твердих тканин зубів і пародонта у дітей, обтяжених хронічною соматичною патологією, пов’язують із перебудовою імунобіологічного стану організму дитини. Особливо це стосується дітей із психоневрологічними відхиленнями у розвитку, оскільки поширеність соматичних захворювань у них досить висока. Відомо, що цитокіни відображають імунологічний статус людини, їм властива потужна прозапальна і катаболічна активність, від збалансованості цитокінової регуляції залежить стан імунітету організму.
Мета дослідження – вивчити цитокіновий профіль ротової рідини у дітей-олігофренів.
Матеріали і методи. Вивчення імунологічного стану ротової рідини було проведено у 25 дітей-олігофренів, хворих на карієс і хронічний катаральний гінгівіт (основна група), і в 20 дітей із карієсом і хронічним катаральним гінгівітом без психоневрологічної патології (порівняльна група). Отримані дані порівнювали зі значеннями 20 здорових дітей, які увійшли у контрольну групу. В ротовій рідині дітей дослідних груп з’ясовували рівень прозапальних цитокінів IL-1β, IL-6, ФНП-α і протизапальних цитокінів IL-4, ТФР-β1, які відображали імунологічний статус обстежених дітей.
Результати досліджень та їх обговорення. У ротовій рідині дітей обох груп відзначали підвищення рівнів прозапальних цитокінів (IL-1β, IL-6, ФНП-α) на тлі зниження протизапальних цитокінів (IL-4, ТФР-β1). Необхідно зазначити, що найсуттєвішу різницю за середніми показниками виявлено ​​серед прозапальних цитокінів. Досліджено, що у здорових дітей без психоневрологічної та стоматологічної патології рівень протизапальних цитокінів у ротовій рідині був максимальним.
Висновки. Результати проведених досліджень імунологічного статусу ротової рідини за рівнем цитокінової регуляції у дітей-олігофренів з основними стоматологічними захворюваннями показали у них зміни в стані системного імунітету, що проявляються переважанням прозапальних цитокінів у ротовій рідині.
Immunological Oral Health Status of the Poultry Plants Employees
Authors: Kardashevska О. І. 
Published: October 2018

Summary. Study of periodontal diseases gives us grounds for making a generalized conclusion that an appearance of abnormal changes in tissues holding teeth takes place on change of overall health and as a result of the influence of a set of internal and external factors, which define an approach to the treatment and prevention of these diseases. Despite automation and mechanization of poultry plants, much more poultry plants employees are influenced by adverse factors of production that leads to occupational diseases, partially to periodontal diseases.
The aim of the work – to investigate a condition of the local nonspecific immunity among poultry plants employees having periodontal diseases.
Materials and Methods. In research 50 poultry breeders having generalized periodontitis, who made a basic group, and 20 persons with generalized periodontitis forming a comparison group, who were not in contact with birds, took part. Findings were compared with data of 20 somatically healthy persons from the control group. In order to study a condition of the local resistance at generalized periodontitis under the influence of harmful factors of poultry production, certain immunity factors of capillary blood of gums and oral fluid were examined: IgM, IgG, IgA, SIgA, phagocytic index (PhI) and phagocytic number (PhN). The most significant changes in the local nonspecific protection factors were found among patients of the basic group: content of serum IgA was significantly below normal: (1.82±0.11) g/l. Increase in production of IgМ and IgG at decreasing content of IgA among persons from the basic group was indicative of functional tension of immunity humoral arm on antigen stimulation with streptococcal infection. A significant deficiency of SIgA in oral fluid (0.62±0.03) g/l) was detected that was two times less than values of the control group and by 1.3 less than in the comparison group. Phagocytosis percent, phagocytic number, and phagocytic index among the patients of the basic group were much higher comparing with the comparison and control groups. That was indicative of decrease in appropriate immune response among them. Thus, the findings have shown that permanent immunodysfunctions among the poultry plants employees having generalized periodontitis are increasing under the influence of the occupational pathogens related to poultry production.
The effectiveness of the use of anti-dysbiotic hepatoprotector in the complex treatment of patients with periodontal inflammatory diseases on the background of chronic non-calculous cholecystitis
Authors: Furdychko A. I. , Buchkovska A. Yu. , Pasichnyk M. A. 
Published: October 2018

Summary. Inflammatory periodontal diseases continue to be one of the pressing problems of modern dentistry [1]. It is known that there is a close relationship between general-somatic pathology and diseases of the oral cavity [2].
The aim of the study – to learn the effectiveness of the use of anti-dysbiotic hepatoprotector in the complex treatment of patients with periodontal inflammatory diseases on the background of chronic non-calculous cholecystitis.
Materials and Methods. The main (group 1) group consisted of 106 people who suffered from inflammatory periodontal disease (IPD) with concomitant chronic non-calculous cholecystitis (CNC). The comparison group included 92 patients with IPD without concomitant pathology (group 2). To compare the research results of the patients with IPD, 30 healthy teethed individuals without periodontal pathology and without somatic diseases (group 3 or the control group) were involved. The state of the hepatobiliary system in patients of the main group was assessed by the doctors of the Gastroenterology Department of Zolochiv District Hospital of Lviv region.
Results and Discussion. The symptomatic HCG and the presence of solid and soft dental deposits were diagnosed in all patients. The Green-Vermillion’s index was the highest in patients from the main group (1.67±0.01); it was probably (p <0.05) higher than that in the comparison group (1.54±0.04), as well as in the control group (0.44±0.07). The PMA index in the subgroup 1A immediately after treatment decreased by 9.7 (p <0.001) times. The index of bleeding in the subgroup 1A decreased by 10.7 (p <0.001) times. The PMA index in the subgroup 1A immediately after treatment decreased by 10.4 (p <0.001) times. The index of bleeding in the subgroup 1A under the influence of the proposed therapy decreased by 6.5 (p <0.001) times.The difference regarding the data before treatment remained lower by 2.2 times and 2.0 (p <0.001) times, however, the difference between the subgroups 1A and 1B in 3 months and 6 months was already 2.1 times in both cases.
Conclusions. It was found that the clinical course of inflammatory periodontal diseases was much more difficult in these patients. The presence of pathology in the hepatobiliary system in patients increases the risk of periodontal disease. Therefore, in order to improve the efficacy of treatment, it is advisable to use this antidysbiotic drug in the complex treatment, and the results obtained in 3 and 6 months after treatment indicate a long-lasting positive effect.
Fixos e fluxos em cruzamento viário no Butantã, São Paulo
Authors: Gregori Márcia Sandoval 
Published: October 2018

Este texto tem como objetivo apresentar como a noção de fixos e fluxos, formulada pelo geógrafo Milton Santos, se concretiza na materialidade de um lugar escolhido. Propõe-se a verificar como o par, depois redefinido e denominado sistemas de objetos e sistemas de ações, se expressa nas relações sociais e na constituição física de um cruzamento viário na centralidade da região do Butantã, Zona Oeste de São Paulo e como a mobilidade funciona como fluxo determinante de ações e disposições espaciais no meio urbano.
Postmortem Genetic Testing for Cardiac Ion Channelopathies in Stillbirths
Authors: Munroe Patricia B. , Addison Shea , Abrams Dominic J. , Sebire Neil J. , Cartwright James , Donaldson Ian , Cohen Marta M. , Mein Charles , Tinker Andrew , Harmer Stephen C. , Aziz Qadeer , Terry Anna , Struebig Monika , Warren Helen R. , Vadgama Bhumita , Fowler Darren J. , Peebles Donald , Taylor Andrew M. , Lally Peter J. , Thayyil Sudhin 
Published: October 2018

Background
Although stillbirth is a significant health problem worldwide, the definitive cause of death remains elusive in many cases, despite detailed autopsy. In this study of partly explained and unexplained stillbirths, we used next-generation sequencing to examine an extended panel of 35 candidate genes known to be associated with ion channel disorders and sudden cardiac death.

Methods and Results

We examined tissue from 242 stillbirths (≥22 weeks), including those where no definite cause of death could be confirmed after a full autopsy. We obtained high-quality DNA from 70 cases, which were then sequenced for a custom panel of 35 genes, 12 for inherited long- and short-QT syndrome genes (LQT1-LQT12 and SQT1-3), and 23 additional candidate genes derived from genome-wide association studies. We examined the functional significance of a selected variant by patch-clamp electrophysiological recording. No predicted damaging variants were identified in
KCNQ1
(LQT1) or
KCNH2
(LQT2). A rare putative pathogenic variant was found in
KCNJ2
(LQT7) in 1 case, and several novel variants of uncertain significance were observed. The
KCNJ2
variant (p. R40Q), when assessed by whole-cell patch clamp, affected the function of the channel. There was no significant evidence of enrichment of rare predicted damaging variants within any of the candidate genes.

Conclusions
Although a causative link is unclear, 1 putative pathogenic and variants of uncertain significance variant resulting in cardiac channelopathies was identified in some cases of otherwise unexplained stillbirth, and these variants may have a role in fetal demise.

Clinical Trial Registration

URL:
https://www.clinical
trials.gov
. Unique identifier: NCT01120886.
Coagulation Factors and the Risk of Ischemic Heart Disease
Authors: Zhao Jie V. , Schooling C. Mary 
Published: October 2018

Background:Coagulation plays a role in ischemic heart disease (IHD). However, which coagulation factors are targets of intervention is unclear. We assessed how genetically predicted vWF (von Willebrand factor), ETP (endogenous thrombin potential), FVIII (factor VIII),d-dimer, tPA (tissue-type plasminogen activator), and PAI (plasminogen activator inhibitor)-1 affected IHD. We similarly estimated effects on lipids to determine whether any associations were independent of lipids.Methods and Results:Separate sample instrumental variable analysis with genetic instruments, that is, Mendelian randomization, was used to obtain unconfounded estimates of effects on IHD using extensively genotyped studies of coronary artery disease/myocardial infarction, CARDIoGRAMplusC4D Metabochip (64 374 cases, 130 681 controls) and CARDIoGRAMplusC4D 1000 Genomes (60 801 cases, 123 504 controls), and on lipids using the Global Lipids Genetics Consortium Results (n=196 475). Genetically predicted ETP was positively associated with IHD (odds ratio, 1.05 per log-transformed SD; 95% confidence interval, 1.03–1.07) based on 15 single-nucleotide polymorphisms, as were vWF (odds ratio, 1.05 per SD; 95% confidence interval, 1.02–1.08) and FVIII (odds ratio, 1.06 per SD; 95% confidence interval, 1.03–1.09) based on 16 and 6 single-nucleotide polymorphisms, respectively, but the latter associations were null after considering pleiotropy. vWF and FVIII were associated with higher LDL (low-density lipoprotein) cholesterol, but not after considering pleiotropy. Genetically predictedd-dimer, tPA, and PAI-1 were not clearly associated with IHD or lipids based on 3, 3, and 5 single-nucleotide polymorphisms, respectively.Conclusions:ETP may affect IHD. Assessing the role of its drivers in more precisely phenotyped studies of IHD could be worthwhile.