bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Does It Help? The Contribution of Wives' Ways of Giving Support to Their Veteran Husbands’ Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms and Functional Impairment
Authors: Dekel Rachel , Siegel Alana , Fridkin Shimon , Svetlitzky Vlad 
Published: December 2018

AbstractIn this study, we aimed to understand female partners' ways of giving support to their male military veteran partners’ adjustment. Specifically, we examined the direct and moderating contributions female partners’ ways of giving support—active engagement, protective buffering, or overprotection—make on their male partners’ posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) and functional impairment. Our hypotheses were that (a) female partners’ active engagement would be negatively correlated with male veterans' PTSS and positively associated with veterans' functioning, (b) female partners’ protective buffering and overprotection would be positively correlated with veterans' PTSS and negatively associated with veterans' functioning, and (c) female partners’ ways of giving support would moderate the association between their secondary PTSS and male partners’ adjustment. Participants were 300 male Israeli veterans of the 2006 Israel–Lebanon War and their female partners, all of whom completed self‐report questionnaires. Active engagement did not contribute to female partners’ or veterans’ adjustment. In addition, whereas the correlations showed both female partners’ protective buffering and overprotection were associated with male veterans’ adjustment, the regression analysis showed only protective buffering made a direct, η2 = .040 and .053, and moderating contribution to veterans’ adjustment, η2 = .019 and .016. Results revealed that when the level of protective buffering was high, female partners' secondary PTSS was associated more positively and strongly with veterans' PTSS than when protective buffering was low. The discussion reviews the complexity of giving support in couples when the veteran has PTSS.
Summability factor relations between absolute weighted and Cesàro means
Authors: Hazar Güleç Güllü Canan 
Published: December 2018

By
, we denote the set of all sequences
such that Σϵnan is summable V whenever Σan is summable U, where U and V are two summability methods. Recently, Sarıgöl has characterized the set
for k  >  1,α  >  −1 and arbitrary positive sequences
Now, in the present paper, we characterize the sets
, k  >  1 and
, k  ≥  1 for arbitrary positive sequences
Hence we extend these results to the range α≥ − 1. In this way, some open problems in this topic are also completed.
Tunneling time in driven double‐well system using entangled molecular dynamics method
Authors: Xu Feng 
Published: December 2018

AbstractWe calculate quantum tunneling time in the double‐well system without perturbation and with symmetry‐breaking driven force using the entangled trajectory molecular dynamics method in the present article. Without perturbation, quantum tunneling time decreased with the increase of the energy, and the different contributions of the barrier traversal time and the intrinsic decay time have been shown. The tunneling time dependence on the amplitude and frequency of the symmetry‐breaking driven force are present. In the case of weak driven force, tunneling time has a minimum value in the resonant frequency. For strong driven force, chaos brings a huge change to quantum dynamics, tunneling time significantly becomes short. Finally, we directly show the enhancement of quantum tunneling process by chaotic behavior of entangled trajectories and indicate that it was caused by quantum effect.
Structure and function of Rnt1p: An alternative to RNAi for targeted RNA degradation
Authors: Abou Elela Sherif , Ji Xinhua 
Published: December 2018

The double‐stranded RNA‐binding protein (dsRBP) family controls RNA editing, stability, and function in all eukaryotes. The central feature of this family is the recognition of a generic RNA duplex using highly conserved double‐stranded RNA‐binding domain (dsRBD) that recognizes the characteristic distance between the minor grooves created by the RNA helix. Variations on this theme that confer species and functional specificities have been reported but most dsRBPs retain their capacity to bind generic dsRNA. The ribonuclease III (RNase III) family members fall into four classes, represented by bacterial RNase III, yeast Rnt1p, human Drosha, and human Dicer, respectively. Like all dsRBPs and most members of the RNase III family, Rnt1p has a dsRBD, but unlike most of its kin, it poorly binds to generic RNA helices. Instead, Rnt1p, the only known RNase III expressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae that lacks the RNAi (RNA interference) machinery, recognizes a specific class of stem‐loop structures. To recognize the specific substrates, the dsRBD of Rnt1p is specialized, featuring a αβββααα topology and a sequence‐specific RNA‐binding motif at the C‐terminus. Since the discovery of Rnt1p in 1996, significant progress has been made in studies of its genetics, function, structure, and mechanism of action, explaining the reasons and mechanisms for the increased specificity of this enzyme and its impact on the mechanism of RNA degradation.This article is categorized under:

RNA Turnover and Surveillance > Turnover/Surveillance Mechanisms
RNA Interactions with Proteins and Other Molecules > Protein–RNA Recognition
RNA Processing > Processing of Small RNAs
RNA Interactions with Proteins and Other Molecules > RNA–Protein Complexes
Effect of flow on ATP/ADP concentration at the endothelial cell surface: interplay between shear stress and mass transport
Authors: Di Costanzo Ezio , Barakat Abdul I. , Pontrelli Giuseppe 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe article from this special issue was previously published in ZAMM ‐ Journal of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics / Zeitschrift für Angewandte Mathematik und Mechanik, Volume 98, Issue 8, 2018. For completeness we are including the title page of the article. The full text of the article can be read in Issue 98:8 on Wiley Online Library: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/zamm.201700372
The source of platinum group elements in basalts of the ophiolite complex of the Kamchatsky Mys Peninsula (Eastern Kamchatka)
Authors: Savelyev D.P. , Palesskii S.V. , Portnyagin M.V. 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Contents of platinum group elements (PGE—Os, Ir, Ru, Rh, Pt, and Pd) and rhenium in basalts of different geochemical types from the ophiolite complex of the Kamchatsky Mys Peninsula have been determined by the isotope dilution–mass spectrometry method. The total contents of PGE in different basalts are commensurate (1.4–3.6 ppb), but the element ratios vary considerably. A specific feature of the rocks is the low degree of PGE fractionation (Pd/Ir = 0.9–6.6, Pt/Pd = 1.0–7.3), which makes them similar to the Hawaiian tholeiitic basalts and picrites. The most fractionated PGE pattern is observed for alkali basalt (Pd/Ir = 6.6), and the least fractionated one, for E-MORB (Pd/Ir = 1.7). The similarity of the PGE patterns of basalts of different geochemical types suggests their similar mantle sources. We propose a model explaining the geochemical features of the basalts of the Kamchatsky Mys ophiolite complex by an impurity of the Earth’s core material in the plume source. The Ir/Pd–Ru/Pd and Pd/10–Ir–Ru discrimination diagrams can be used to identify enriched (plume) basalts based on their PGE content.
Geodynamic setting, structure, and composition of continuous trachybasalt–trachyandesite–rhyolite series in the north of Altai–Sayan area: the role of crust–mantle interaction in continental magma formation
Authors: Vorontsov A.A. , Perfilova O.Yu. , Kruk N.N. 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
The geologic positions and geochemical and isotope parameters of the Ordovician–early Silurian and Early–Middle Devonian continuous volcanic series of the Minusa basin and its mountainous framing are compared. Both series are composed mostly of moderately alkaline rocks with variations in SiO2 contents from 45 to 77 wt.%. The Ordovician–early Silurian series differs from the Early–Middle Devonian one in lower contents of TiO2 (&lt;1.7 wt.%) and Fe2O3tot and higher contents of Al2O3 in all rock varieties and in the more fractionated REE patterns of trachybasalts. The compositions of both series reflect two simultaneous mechanisms of magma evolution. The main process was fractional crystallization leading to the formation of rocks from trachybasalts to trachyrhyodacites. The accessory mechanism was the contamination of fractionated melts by crustal material, anatectic melting of crust, and mixing of deep-seated magmas with crustal melts. These processes had specifics at each stage and were controlled by the composition of the sources of parental melts. Their geochemical and isotopic parameters (high alkalinity, high contents of lithophile elements, negative anomalies of Nb, Ta, and Ti, and enrichment in radiogenic Sr) point to the interaction of mantle plumes with the lithospheric mantle that was metasomatically transformed during the preceding Vendian–early Cambrian subduction processes.
Freshwater Export in the East Greenland Current Freshens the North Atlantic
Authors: de Steur L. , Peralta‐Ferriz C. , Pavlova O. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractArctic Ocean freshwater content increased in the 2000s. Since variations in freshwater input into the North Atlantic Ocean can modify its properties, monitoring the freshwater export from the Arctic Ocean to southern latitudes is critical. The Arctic Outflow Observatory in Fram Strait has collected continuous ocean measurements from moored platforms since 1997. Here new and improved records of freshwater transport from the mooring array are presented until 2015, showing that, since the last documented record in 2009, the freshwater export was substantially larger from 2010 to 2013. The increase was mostly due to increased southward flow, and secondly due to low salinities. While sea level pressure gradient across the strait explains seasonal variability, it does not explain the observed freshwater anomaly. The cumulative freshwater anomaly between 2010 and 2015 amounted to 3,106 km3, representing a significant external source of freshwater to the North Atlantic.
Hidden heterogeneity and circadian-controlled cell fate inferred from single cell lineages
Authors: Chakrabarti Shaon , Paek Andrew L. , Reyes Jose , Lasick Kathleen A. , Lahav Galit , Michor Franziska 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe origin of lineage correlations among single cells and the extent of heterogeneity in their intermitotic times (IMT) and apoptosis times (AT) remain incompletely understood. Here we developed single cell lineage-tracking experiments and computational algorithms to uncover correlations and heterogeneity in the IMT and AT of a colon cancer cell line before and during cisplatin treatment. These correlations could not be explained using simple protein production/degradation models. Sister cell fates were similar regardless of whether they divided before or after cisplatin administration and did not arise from proximity-related factors, suggesting fate determination early in a cell’s lifetime. Based on these findings, we developed a theoretical model explaining how the observed correlation structure can arise from oscillatory mechanisms underlying cell fate control. Our model recapitulated the data only with very specific oscillation periods that fit measured circadian rhythms, thereby suggesting an important role of the circadian clock in controlling cellular fates.
Characterizing early drug resistance-related events using geometric ensembles from HIV protease dynamics
Authors: Sheik Amamuddy Olivier , Bishop Nigel T. , Tastan Bishop Özlem 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe use of antiretrovirals (ARVs) has drastically improved the life quality and expectancy of HIV patients since their introduction in health care. Several millions are still afflicted worldwide by HIV and ARV resistance is a constant concern for both healthcare practitioners and patients, as while treatment options are finite, the virus constantly adapts via complex mutation patterns to select for resistant strains under the pressure of drug treatment. The HIV protease is a crucial enzyme for viral maturation and has been a game changing drug target since the first application. Due to similarities in protease inhibitor designs, drug cross-resistance is not uncommon across ARVs of the same class. It is known that resistance against protease inhibitors is associated with a wider active site, but results from our large scale molecular dynamics simulations combined with statistical tests and network analysis further show, for the first time, that there are regions of local expansions and compactions associated with high levels of resistance conserved across eight different protease inhibitors visible in their complexed form within closed receptor conformations. The observed conserved expansion sites may provide an alternative drug-targeting site. Further, the method developed here is novel, supplementary to methods of variation analysis at sequence level, and should be applicable in analysing the structural consequences of mutations in other contexts using molecular ensembles.
Transcriptome analysis of the anhydrobiotic cell line Pv11 infers the mechanism of desiccation tolerance and recovery
Authors: Yamada Takahiro G. , Suetsugu Yoshitaka , Deviatiiarov Ruslan , Gusev Oleg , Cornette Richard , Nesmelov Alexander , Hiroi Noriko , Kikawada Takahiro , Funahashi Akira 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe larvae of the African midge,Polypedilum vanderplanki, can enter an ametabolic state called anhydrobiosis to overcome fatal desiccation stress. The Pv11 cell line, derived fromP. vanderplankiembryo, shows desiccation tolerance when treated with trehalose before desiccation and resumes proliferation after rehydration. However, the molecular mechanisms of this desiccation tolerance remain unknown. Here, we performed high-throughput CAGE-seq of mRNA and a differentially expressed gene analysis in trehalose-treated, desiccated, and rehydrated Pv11 cells, followed by gene ontology analysis of the identified differentially expressed genes. We detected differentially expressed genes after trehalose treatment involved in various stress responses, detoxification of harmful chemicals, and regulation of oxidoreduction that were upregulated. In the desiccation phase, L-isoaspartyl methyltransferase and heat shock proteins were upregulated and ribosomal proteins were downregulated. Analysis of differentially expressed genes during rehydration supported the notion that homologous recombination, nucleotide excision repair, and non-homologous recombination were involved in the recovery process. This study provides initial insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying the extreme desiccation tolerance of Pv11 cells.
Identification and quantification of macro- and microplastics on an agricultural farmland
Authors: Piehl Sarah , Leibner Anna , Löder Martin G. J. , Dris Rachid , Bogner Christina , Laforsch Christian 
Published: December 2018

AbstractMicroplastic contamination of aquatic ecosystems is a high priority research topic, whereas the issue on terrestrial ecosystems has been widely neglected. At the same time, terrestrial ecosystems under human influence, such as agroecosystems, are likely to be contaminated by plastic debris. However, the extent of this contamination has not been determined at present. Via Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis, we quantified for the first time the macro- and microplastic contamination on an agricultural farmland in southeast Germany. We found 206 macroplastic pieces per hectare and 0.34 ± 0.36 microplastic particles per kilogram dry weight of soil. In general, polyethylene was the most common polymer type, followed by polystyrene and polypropylene. Films and fragments were the dominating categories found for microplastics, whereas predominantly films were found for macroplastics. Since we intentionally chose a study site where microplastic-containing fertilizers and agricultural plastic applications were never used, our findings report on plastic contamination on a site which only receives conventional agricultural treatment. However, the contamination is probably higher in areas where agricultural plastic applications, like greenhouses, mulch, or silage films, or plastic-containing fertilizers (sewage sludge, biowaste composts) are applied. Hence, further research on the extent of this contamination is needed with special regard to different cultivation practices.
High-resolution deconstruction of evolution induced by chemotherapy treatments in breast cancer xenografts
Authors: Kim Hyunsoo , Kumar Pooja , Menghi Francesca , Noorbakhsh Javad , Cerveira Eliza , Ryan Mallory , Zhu Qihui , Ananda Guruprasad , George Joshy , Chen Henry C. , Mockus Susan , Zhang Chengsheng , Yang Yan , Keck James , Karuturi R. Krishna Murthy , Bult Carol J. , Lee Charles , Liu Edison T. , Chuang Jeffrey H. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe processes by which tumors evolve are essential to the efficacy of treatment, but quantitative understanding of intratumoral dynamics has been limited. Although intratumoral heterogeneity is common, quantification of evolution is difficult from clinical samples because treatment replicates cannot be performed and because matched serial samples are infrequently available. To circumvent these problems we derived and assayed large sets of human triple-negative breast cancer xenografts and cell cultures from two patients, including 86 xenografts from cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, cisplatin, docetaxel, or vehicle treatment cohorts as well as 45 related cell cultures. We assayed these samples via exome-seq and/or high-resolution droplet digital PCR, allowing us to distinguish complex therapy-induced selection and drift processes among endogenous cancer subclones with cellularity uncertainty <3%. For one patient, we discovered two predominant subclones that were granularly intermixed in all 48 co-derived xenograft samples. These two subclones exhibited differential chemotherapy sensitivity–when xenografts were treated with cisplatin for 3 weeks, the post-treatment volume change was proportional to the post-treatment ratio of subclones on a xenograft-to-xenograft basis. A subsequent cohort in which xenografts were treated with cisplatin, allowed a drug holiday, then treated a second time continued to exhibit this proportionality. In contrast, xenografts from other treatment cohorts, spatially dissected xenograft fragments, and cell cultures evolved in diverse ways but with substantial population bottlenecks. These results show that ecosystems susceptible to successive retreatment can arise spontaneously in breast cancer in spite of a background of irregular subclonal bottlenecks, and our work provides to our knowledge the first quantification of the population genetics of such a system. Intriguingly, in such an ecosystem the ratio of common subclones is predictive of the state of treatment susceptibility, showing how measurements of subclonal heterogeneity could guide treatment for some patients.
Comparison of diffusion-weighted MRI and anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) measurements of the inter-compartmental exchange-time of water in expression-controlled aquaporin-4 cells
Authors: Obata Takayuki , Kershaw Jeff , Tachibana Yasuhiko , Miyauchi Takayuki , Abe Yoichiro , Shibata Sayaka , Kawaguchi Hiroshi , Ikoma Yoko , Takuwa Hiroyuki , Aoki Ichio , Yasui Masato 
Published: December 2018

AbstractWe performed multi-b and multi-diffusion-time diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging on aquaporin-4-expressing (AQ) and -non-expressing (noAQ) cells, and demonstrated a clear difference between the signals from the two cell types. The data were interpreted using a two-compartment (intra and extracellular spaces) model including inter-compartmental exchange. It was also assumed that restricted diffusion of water molecules inside the cells leads to the intracellular diffusion coefficient being inversely proportional to the diffusion-time. Estimates of the water-exchange-times obtained with this model are compared to those measured using an independent optical imaging technique (coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering imaging, CARS). For both techniques it was found that the exchange-time estimated for the noAQ cells was significantly longer than that for the AQ cells.
The occurrence and formation of monoterpenes in herbivore-damaged poplar roots
Authors: Lackus Nathalie D. , Lackner Sandra , Gershenzon Jonathan , Unsicker Sybille B. , Köllner Tobias G. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractVolatiles are often released upon herbivory as plant defense compounds. While the formation of volatiles above-ground has been intensively studied, little is known about herbivore-induced root volatiles. Here, we show that cockchafer larvae-damaged roots of Populus trichocarpa and P. nigra release a mixture of monoterpenes, including (−)-α-pinene, (−)-camphene, (−)-β-pinene, p-cymene, and 1,8-cineole. Three terpene synthases, PtTPS16 and PtTPS21 from P. trichocarpa and PnTPS4 from P. nigra, could be identified and characterized in vitro. PnTPS4 was found to produce 1,8-cineole as sole product. PtTPS16 and PtTPS21, although highly similar to each other, showed different product specificities and produced γ-terpinene and a mixture of (−)-camphene, (−)-α-pinene, (−)-β-pinene, and (−)-limonene, respectively. Four active site residues were found to determine the different product specificities of the two enzymes. The expression profiles of PtTPS16, PtTPS21, and PnTPS4 in undamaged and herbivore-damaged poplar roots generally matched the emission pattern of monoterpenes, indicating that monoterpene emission in roots is mainly determined at the gene transcript level. Bioassays with Phytophtora cactorum (Oomycetes) revealed inhibitory effects of vapor-phase 1,8-cineole and (−)-β-pinene on the growth of this important plant pathogen. Thus herbivore-induced volatile monoterpenes may have a role in defense against pathogens that cause secondary infections after root wounding.
Ergosterol peroxide from marine fungus Phoma sp. induces ROS-dependent apoptosis and autophagy in human lung adenocarcinoma cells
Authors: Wu Han-Ying , Yang Feng-Ling , Li Lan-Hui , Rao Yerra Koteswara , Ju Tz-Chuen , Wong Wei-Ting , Hsieh Chih-Yu , Pivkin Michael V. , Hua Kuo-Feng , Wu Shih-Hsiung 
Published: December 2018

AbstractAs part of our ongoing search for novel therapeutic structures from microorganism, the chemical examination of marine fungus Phoma sp. resulted in the isolation of ergosterol, ergosterol peroxide (EP), and 9,11-dehydroergosterol peroxide (DEP). The bioassay results demonstrated that the three isolates reduced the viability of various cancer cells, with EP being highest in human lung cancer cell line A549 cells. EP induced caspase-dependent apoptosis through mitochondrial damage in A549 cells. Additionally, EP-induced ROS generation and apoptosis were attenuated by ROS-generating enzymes inhibitors and antioxidant N-acetylcysteine, indicated that ROS played an important role in EP-mediated apoptosis in A549 cells. Furthermore, it was observed that EP induced ROS-dependent autophagy, which attenuated apoptosis in A549 cells. On the other hand, EP reduced the LPS/ATP-induced proliferation and migration of A549 cells through attenuated NLRP3 inflammasome activity. Additionally, EP showed synergistic cytotoxic effect with antitumor drug Sorafenib in A549 cell viability inhibition. Furthermore, Micro-Western Array and Western blot analyses demonstrated that the protein levels of EGFR, HSP27, MEK5, AKT1, mTOR, Smad2, Smad3, TAB1, NF-κB, and HIF1-α decreased, while the levels of p-p38α, p-ERK1/2, p-JNK, fibronectin and p27 increased. Collectively, the results of this study demonstrated that EP might be useful to develop a therapeutic candidate for lung cancer complications.