bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Instagram data for validating Nothofagus pumilio distribution mapping in the Southern Andes: A novel ground truthing approach
Authors: Werner Melanie , Weidinger Johannes , Böhner Jürgen , Schickhoff Udo , Bobrowski Maria 
Published: November 2024

The availability of valid, non-biased species occurrence data has always been a major challenge for biodiversity research and modelling studies. Data from open-source databases or remote sensing are promising approaches to increase the availability of species occurrence data. However, these data may contain spatial, temporal, and taxonomic biases or require ground truthing. In recent years, social media has received attention for its contribution to species occurrence data sampling and ground truthing approaches. The wide reach of social media platforms allows for rapid and large-scale analyses.
Here we introduce a novel Instagram ground truthing approach to validate the occurrence mapping of Nothofagus pumilio across its entire distribution range. The treeline species of the southern Andes has been extensively studied in small-scale studies, but large-scale modelling approaches are largely missing due to limited accessibility to treeline sites resulting in a lack of occurrence data. The content posted on the social media platform Instagram consists of images and videos in which the species N. pumilio and its location can be identified. By searching for suitable posts using hashtags and location tags, we created 1238 Instagram ground truthing points. We compared the performance of our dataset with open-source data from the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) through visual, quantitative, and bias analyses, acknowledging that both social media-based and Citizen Science data are subject to sampling and spatial biases due to collection in human-accessible areas. The Instagram ground truthing points were subsequently used to validate remote sensing occurrence data, generated using Sentinel-2 level 2A data and Supervised Classification. The combined approach – Instagram ground truthing and remote sensing – allows for the collection of occurrence data over the entire latitudinal range of N. pumilio, covering approximately 2000 km.
The use of social media content provides potentially important contributions to species occurrence data sampling and ground truthing
In our study we introduce a novel ground truthing approach for species occurrence data sampling based on Instagram data
Instagram ground truthing points, combined with Supervised Classification generate species occurrence data of Nothofagus pumilio over its entire distribution range in the southern Andes
The performance of the Instagram ground truthing points is evaluated by comparison with existing data from the GBIF database.
Our Instagram ground truthing approach demonstrates a new way of sampling species occurrence data and can be applied to other suitable species and study areas.
Dyspnea in COVID-associated lung disease
Authors: Fan D. V. , Nekludova G. V. , Avdeev S. N. 
Published: November 2024

Introduction. Covid-associated lung disease has become one of the leading problems of the COVID-19 pandemic, and early diagnosis of complications is complicated. Assessment of dyspnoea as a significant symptom is important, but its diagnostic ability in this lesion is poorly understood.Aim. To study the features of dyspnoea in COVID-19-associated lung lesions and its diagnostic value.Materials and methods. The study included 134 patients with COVID-19-confirmed pneumonia. Demographic and anthropometric data, subjective condition, dyspnoea severity according to Borg scale, concomitant pathologies, multispiral computed tomography (MSCT) data, arterial blood gas composition, capnometry and spirometry data, as well as disease outcomes (transfer to ICU, support ventilation, fatal outcome) were analysed.Results. Dyspnoea was present in 43.3% of patients. Increased dyspnoea was associated with increased C-reactive protein (CRP), D-dimer, lung tissue damage (MSCT), decreased forced vital capacity (FVC), and increased alveolar-arterial gradient (P(A-a)O2). Dyspnoea correlated with duration of hospitalisation and need for oxygen therapy (OR = 1.307, p = 0.008). 57.4% of patients with hypoxaemia did not complain of dyspnoea, but their outcomes did not differ between patients with dyspnoea and hypoxaemia. 32.2% of patients without hypoxaemia complained of dyspnoea. These patients did not have a significant increase in FGEF by the time of discharge, and it remained lower than in patients without dyspnoea and hypoxaemia.Conclusion. Dyspnoea in COVID-19-associated lung disease is an important symptom correlating with clinical-functional, instrumental and laboratory characteristics of the disease. Comprehensive data analysis is necessary to identify patients requiring further observation.
PRINCÍPIO DA DIFERENÇA DE JOHN RAWLS À LUZ DO DIREITO TRIBUTÁRIO
Authors: Borges das Neves Letícia 
Published: November 2024

O presente artigo tem por objetivo analisar, à luz do princípio da diferença preconizado pelo filósofo norte americano John Rawls, como as desigualdades sociais e econômicas são acentuadas através do sistema tributário brasileiro, que tem uma matriz tributária concentrada na tributação sobre o consumo de bens e serviços, que oneram a camada da população mais pobre. Neste estudo, busca-se examinar as ideias principais da Teoria da Justiça de Rawls, a posição original e os princípios de justiça, dando destaque no princípio da diferença com enfoque no direito tributário. Para tanto, o primeiro capítulo examina a concepção de justiça como equidade preconizada por Rawls, bem como os princípios fundamentais que pautam a sua teoria da justiça e formam a estrutura básica da sociedade. O segundo capítulo, analisa com maior profundidade o princípio da diferença, o qual encontra fundamentação no princípio da igualdade, e pressupõe que as desigualdades são permitidas desde que beneficiem ao máximo os menos favorecidos na sociedade. O terceiro capítulo examina como o direito tributário pode ser um mecanismo social eficaz na redução das desigualdades socioeconômicas, não só por meio da redistribuição de renda, mas essencialmente através de uma tributação mais equânime, que onere menos o consumo de bens e serviços.
PARADIGMA DE TRANSIÇÃO PARA UMA RACIONALIDADE AMBIENTAL NO BRASIL
Authors: Girardon dos Santos Denise Tatiane , Benedetti Rodrigues Domingos 
Published: November 2024

A crise ambiental demanda medidas de enfrentamento, pautadas em paradigmas intergeracionais e ecocêntricos. Objetiva-se, a partir da Convenção da Diversidade Biológica, enquanto pressuposto internacional para a preservação do equilíbrio ambiental, e da Constituição da República Federativa do Brasil, apontar bases jurídicas para transição a uma racionalidade ambiental no Brasil. O Estado está compelido a assumir o viés de Estado de direito do ambiente na sua forma de atuação, antes as legislações internacional e interna, a educação ambiental e o desenvolvimento sustentável, nos seus aspectos jurídico, ambiental, político, cultural e social. Metodologicamente, a pesquisa é qualitativa, descritiva e longitudinal. Conclui-se que o Estado de direito do ambiente constitui-se como alternativa para a construção da transição para racionalidade ambiental, pela promoção da educação ambiental e do desenvolvimento sustentável.
Fibroblast Heterogeneity in Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Identification of Prognostic Markers Based on Single-cell Transcriptome Analysis
Authors: Jia Junjun , Gu Xinyu , Chu Qingfei 
Published: November 2024

Background:
HCC is a malignant tumor with high morbidity and mortality. Fibroblasts
play a key role in the tumor microenvironment (TME). However, the transcriptional
regulatory mechanisms of fibroblasts remained unclear in HCC.

Aim:
The aim of this study was to explore the complex role of fibroblasts in hepatocellular
carcinoma (HCC) and to reveal their transcriptional regulatory mechanisms.

Objective:
The goal of this study was to discover potential prognostic markers for HCC by
analyzing the genetic variations and differentiation process of fibroblasts.

Methods:
Single-cell transcriptome data from the non-tumor liver site and primary tumor
site of HCC were acquired from GSE149614, processed, and clustered using the Seurat pipeline.
The inferCNV algorithm was applied to infer copy number variations (CNVs) in fibroblasts.
Subsequently, the mechanism underlying the interaction between fibroblasts and
other cells in the TME of HCC was analyzed using CellChat software. The trajectory of cellular
differentiation of fibroblasts from normal state to malignant state was examined using
Monocle 2. SCENIC analysis was performed to identify key transcription factors (TFs) in fibroblasts
and assess their correlation with HCC prognosis. Finally, qRT-PCR and Transwell
assays were carried out to analyze the mRNA expression and cell metastasis.

Results:
We identified a total of nine different cell types (B cells, cycling cells, endothelial
cells, epithelial cells, fibroblasts, hepatocytes, macrophages, plasma cells, and T cells)
based on the single-cell transcriptomic data of HCC. Among them, fibroblasts were highly
enriched at the primary tumor site, and their number increased with advanced stages. In addition,
significant deletions were detected on chromosome 6p of fibroblasts, and genes in this
region were remarkably enriched in pathways associated with antigen processing and presentation.
Intercellular communication showed that epithelial cells regulated fibroblasts the
most. The differentiation of fibroblasts was mainly accompanied by a transition from normal
to malignant state. Importantly, CEBPD and FOSB, the TFs most associated with the
putative timing of fibroblasts, were under-expressed in human hepatocytes and showed a significant
correlation with HCC prognosis. Overexpressed CEBPD inhibited HCC cell migration
and invasion.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, our study revealed that fibroblast recruitment and differentiation,
as well as copy number loss at chromosome 6p, were associated with a higher degree
of malignancy and immune dysfunction in HCC. The current discoveries provided new insights
into the clinical treatment and diagnosis of HCC.
Perspectives on Ergodic Cancer Therapy Derived from Cloning Genome Chaos via In Vivo Rhabdomyosarcoma RA-2 Models: a Narrative Review
Authors: Shityakov Sergey , Lubinets Natalia , Kravtsov Viacheslav 
Published: November 2024

Abstract:
This review explores articles concerning the experimental research cycle on genome
instability in cell populations of highly malignant recurrent organotropic rhabdomyosarcoma RA-
2 in rats. Clonal analysis and cloning were pivotal components of this research, which relies on the
frequency of cells with micronuclei and internuclear bridges to gauge the intensity of chromothripsis
and break-fusion-bridge cycles. The efficacy of cloning, determined by these indicators,
stemmed from the deliberate isolation of tumor stem cells, yielding clones in which chromothripsis
activity and breakage-fusion-bridge cycles were sustained. Notably, it is plausible that the stem
cells themselves, progenitors of these clones, harbor dicentric chromosomes and chromosomal fragments,
contributing to the formation of "fatal micronuclei" in their karyotype. Cloning based on
bridges and micronuclei has proven effective up to a certain threshold (15%-18%), reaffirming the
predicted reproductive extinction of malignant cell populations under mutational pressure and genome
chaos, as posited by the genetic theory of cell populations. Furthermore, this review highlights
the potential of ergodic cancer therapy as a novel therapeutic strategy. Ergodic therapy offers promising
prospects for late-stage and terminal malignant tumors, where conventional treatments may
fall short due to advanced progression. Furthermore, by "enhancing chromothripsis" through the
induction of additional micronuclei and bridges, ergodic cancer therapy seeks to increase genome
chaos to a critical threshold, potentially halting malignant progression. This innovative approach
presents opportunities to explore new drugs and targets for chromothripsis-based oncotherapy, addressing
the pressing need for effective treatments in advanced stages of malignancy.
Resilience Training Web App for National Health Service Keyworkers: Pilot Usability Study
Authors: Burrell Joanna , Baker Felicity , Bennion Matthew Russell 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
It is well established that frontline health care staff are particularly at risk of stress. Resilience is important to help staff to manage daily challenges and to protect against burnout.

Objective
This study aimed to assess the usability and user perceptions of a resilience training web app developed to support health care keyworkers in understanding their own stress response and to help them put into place strategies to manage stress and to build resilience.

Methods
Nurses (n=7) and other keyworkers (n=1), the target users for the resilience training web app, participated in the usability evaluation. Participants completed a pretraining questionnaire capturing basic demographic information and then used the training before completing a posttraining feedback questionnaire exploring the impact and usability of the web app.

Results
From a sample of 8 keyworkers, 6 (75%) rated their current role as “sometimes” stressful. All 8 (100%) keyworkers found the training easy to understand, and 5 of 7 (71%) agreed that the training increased their understanding of both stress and resilience. Further, 6 of 8 (75%) agreed that the resilience model had helped them to understand what resilience is. Many of the keyworkers (6/8, 75%) agreed that the content was relevant to them. Furthermore, 6 of 8 (75%) agreed that they were likely to act to develop their resilience following completion of the training.

Conclusions
This study tested the usability of a web app for resilience training specifically targeting National Health Service keyworkers. This work preceded a larger scale usability study, and it is hoped this study will help guide other studies to develop similar programs in clinical settings.
Efficacy of the mHealth App Intellect in Improving Subclinical Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder in University Students: Randomized Controlled Trial With a 4-Week Follow-Up
Authors: Lee Yoon Li Madeline , Lee Si Min Stephanie , Sündermann Oliver 
Published: November 2024

Background
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is the third most prevalent mental health disorder in Singapore, with a high degree of burden and large treatment gaps. Self-guided programs on mobile apps are accessible and affordable interventions, with the potential to address subclinical OCD before symptoms escalate.

Objective
This randomized controlled trial aimed to examine the efficacy of a self-guided OCD program on the mobile health (mHealth) app Intellect in improving subclinical OCD and maladaptive perfectionism (MP) as a potential moderator of this predicted relationship.

Methods
University students (N=225) were randomly assigned to an 8-day, self-guided app program on OCD (intervention group) or cooperation (active control). Self-reported measures were obtained at baseline, after the program, and at a 4-week follow-up. The primary outcome measure was OCD symptom severity (Obsessive Compulsive Inventory–Revised [OCI-R]). Baseline MP was assessed as a potential moderator. Depression, anxiety, and stress (Depression Anxiety and Stress Scales-21) were controlled for during statistical analyses.

Results
The final sample included 192 participants. The intervention group reported significantly lower OCI-R scores compared with the active control group after the intervention (partial eta-squared [ηp2]=0.031; P=.02) and at 4-week follow-up (ηp2=0.021; P=.044). A significant, weak positive correlation was found between MP and OCI-R levels at baseline (r=0.28; P<.001). MP was not found to moderate the relationship between condition and OCI-R scores at postintervention (P=.70) and at 4-week follow-up (P=.88).

Conclusions
This study provides evidence that the self-guided OCD program on the Intellect app is effective in reducing subclinical OCD among university students in Singapore. Future studies should include longer follow-up durations and study MP as a moderator in a broader spectrum of OCD symptom severity.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT06202677; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06202677
The PDC30 Chatbot—Development of a Psychoeducational Resource on Dementia Caregiving Among Family Caregivers: Mixed Methods Acceptability Study
Authors: Cheng Sheung-Tak , Ng Peter H F 
Published: November 2024

Background
Providing ongoing support to the increasing number of caregivers as their needs change in the long-term course of dementia is a severe challenge to any health care system. Conversational artificial intelligence (AI) operating 24/7 may help to tackle this problem.

Objective
This study describes the development of a generative AI chatbot—the PDC30 Chatbot—and evaluates its acceptability in a mixed methods study.

Methods
The PDC30 Chatbot was developed using the GPT-4o large language model, with a personality agent to constrain its behavior to provide advice on dementia caregiving based on the Positive Dementia Caregiving in 30 Days Guidebook—a laypeople’s resource based on a validated training manual for dementia caregivers. The PDC30 Chatbot’s responses to 21 common questions were compared with those of ChatGPT and another chatbot (called Chatbot-B) as standards of reference. Chatbot-B was constructed using PDC30 Chatbot’s architecture but replaced the latter’s knowledge base with a collection of authoritative sources, including the World Health Organization’s iSupport, By Us For Us Guides, and 185 web pages or manuals by Alzheimer’s Association, National Institute on Aging, and UK Alzheimer’s Society. In the next phase, to assess the acceptability of the PDC30 Chatbot, 21 family caregivers used the PDC30 Chatbot for two weeks and provided ratings and comments on its acceptability.

Results
Among the three chatbots, ChatGPT’s responses tended to be repetitive and not specific enough. PDC30 Chatbot and Chatbot-B, by virtue of their design, produced highly context-sensitive advice, with the former performing slightly better when the questions conveyed significant psychological distress on the part of the caregiver. In the acceptability study, caregivers found the PDC30 Chatbot highly user-friendly, and its responses quite helpful and easy to understand. They were rather satisfied with it and would strongly recommend it to other caregivers. During the 2-week trial period, the majority used the chatbot more than once per day. Thematic analysis of their written feedback revealed three major themes: helpfulness, accessibility, and improved attitude toward AI.

Conclusions
The PDC30 Chatbot provides quality responses to caregiver questions, which are well-received by caregivers. Conversational AI is a viable approach to improve the support of caregivers.
Estomatitis alérgica de contacto asociado al consumo de canela en rama
Authors: Gimenez Javier Ignacio , Flück Veronica , Giacco Claudia Analia , Castrillo Ángeles 
Published: November 2024

Introducción: La estomatitis de contacto es una reacción intraoral que puede ser provocada por una amplia variedad de agentes. La canela como factor desencadenante es poco frecuente debido al bajo consumo. Sin embargo, la misma se consume en chicles, enjuagues bucales y pasta dental, que son los productos más asociados a la estomatitis alérgica de contacto asociado al consumo de canela. Objetivo: Reportar un caso de estomatitis de contacto asociado al consumo de canela en rama. Presentación del caso: Una paciente de 20 años, con una historia clínica sin incidencias, se presenta relatando dolor ardiente y presencia de manchas en la mucosa oral de más de 3 meses de evolución. También refiere una sensación de ardor y picor intermitente, sin motivo aparente. Luego de una estricta anamnesis la paciente refiere que hace unos años comenzó a mascar canela en forma de rama. La paciente también nos relata que suele colocarla en ambos vestíbulos y a las horas empieza a sentir una sensación descrita como incómoda. Se indicó suspender dicho hábito y durante los controles posteriores se evidenció la desaparición de los signos y síntomas. Conclusión: Una anamnesis meticulosa junto con el examen físico son importantes para establecer un correcto diagnóstico y un adecuado manejo clínico de la estomatitis alérgica de contacto.
DESEMPENHO LINGUÍSTICO INICIAL DE CRIANÇAS COM MICROCEFALIA SECUNDÁRIA A SÍNDROME CONGÊNITA DO ZIKA VÍRUS
Authors: Spinelli-Pessoa Luciane , Alves Giorvan Anderson dos Santos Alves , Vasconcelos Manuela Leitão de Vasconcelos , Neves Tatiana Michelinne Aires Neves , Almeida Larissa Nadjara Alves Almeida , Almeida Pricilla Fernanda Menezes de Almeida 
Published: November 2024

INTRODUÇÃO: Desde seu nascimento, a criança é imersa no mundo social, quando a atividade humana é mediada pela linguagem, e, gradativamente, se apropria dos traços de cultura, por meio de sua ação sobre o mundo, das relações com os objetos e com o outro. Crianças com desenvolvimento atípico podem demorar a apresentar comunicação por meio da linguagem oral, caracterizando um desempenho linguístico aquém ao esperado, ou até mesmo não conseguir desenvolvê-la - crianças com a Síndrome Congênita do Zika Vírus (ZIKV) podem passar por ambas situações. OBJETIVO: Descrever o desempenho linguístico inicial de crianças com Microcefalia secundária a Síndrome Congênita do ZIKV. METODOLOGIA: foi realizada avaliação de 10 crianças entre 32 e 45 meses, utilizando a escala Early Language Milestone Scale – ELM, que contém três marcos de linguagem: função auditiva expressiva (AE), função auditiva receptiva (AR) e função visual (V). Esta escala é um instrumento conciso de avaliação de linguagem capaz de detectar alterações nos três primeiros anos de vida. Foi realizada testagem direta (T) da criança; observação incidental do comportamento em questão (O) e/ou o relato dos pais (H). Identificaram-se então, os três itens de sucesso e de fracasso em cada uma das funções. Ao final da testagem, foi identificada a idade de desempenho de cada função (AE, AR e V). Os dados foram tabulados em planilha digital e realizada análise estatística. RESULTADOS: As crianças avaliadas apresentaram escores inferiores ao esperado em todos os itens pesquisados, ressaltando que não se obteve diferenças das habilidades entre elas, sugerindo pouca evolução no desempenho das funções. CONCLUSÃO: As crianças com microcefalia apresentaram desempenho linguístico abaixo do esperado independente da idade, assim como prejuízos nas áreas auditiva expressiva, auditiva receptiva e visual.
Linguagem Eleitoral
Authors: Schmidt Salvador Marcos Vinicios , Anthero Nunes Vianna dos Santos Flavio , Dos Santos Celio Teodorico 
Published: November 2024

A presente pesquisa tem como base a análise semiótica da mudança de comunicação visual do primeiro para o segundo turno da campanha eleitoral de 2018. A mudança de comunicação visual analisada foi da coligação O Povo Feliz de Novo, do candidato a presidente da república Fernando Haddad. Para essa análise foi utilizado um texto pictórico de cada turno do pleito. Assim, foi proposta uma análise do percurso gerativo do sentido, conforme proposição da semiótica greimasiana, visando a identificação de estratégias discursivas e atributos semânticos adotados pelo enunciador na criação de uma imagem valorativa em cada um dos turnos eleitorais e a razão de sua mudança utilizando elementos paratextuais. Esse procedimento metodológico possibilitou revelar diferentes sentidos presentes no texto semiótico e a reafirmação de aspectos de representação de parte e todo no simulacro da candidatura. Sugerem-se novas análises que aprofundem tal discussão a partir da perspectiva semiótica, mas que envolvam também aspectos atrelados a candidatura adversária em um segundo turno.