bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hörgeräteversorgung – Kann die Begrenzung der
Leistungspflicht der Krankenkassen durch Festbeträge bei medizinischer
Indikation erfolgreich vor den Sozialgerichten angefochten
werden?
Authors: Lottner Anna , Iro Heinrich , Schützenberger Anne , Hoppe Ulrich 
Published: July 2019

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Bei der Versorgung von Patienten mit Hörgeräten stellt sich
oft die Frage, ob die Patienten einen Anspruch auf technisch weiter entwickelte
und somit teurere Geräte haben, wenn dies medizinisch indiziert ist, oder nur
auf Geräte zum Festbetrag. Dieser Artikel gibt einen Überblick über Urteile der
deutschen Sozialgerichte. Es wurde untersucht, ob es sich für gesetzlich
krankenversicherte Patienten lohnt, den Klageweg zu beschreiten, wenn ihr Antrag
abgelehnt wird, und mit welcher Verfahrensdauer gerechnet werden muss.
Material & Methoden Ausgewertet wurde die deutsche kommerzielle
juristische Datenbank „juris“. Als Suchparameter dienten „Hörgerät“ und
„Zuzahlung“. Die besprochenen Entscheidungen ergingen im Zeitraum 2009 bis
2019.
Ergebnisse Insgesamt wurden 97 einschlägige Entscheidungen gefunden. Es
wurde festgestellt, dass die Ergebnisse je nach den Besonderheiten des
Einzelfalles variieren. Von den untersuchten Urteilen und Beschlüssen fielen 63
% positiv für den Patienten (Kläger) aus. Die Verfahren dauerten zwischen 0,3
Jahren und 10,4 Jahren.
Schlussfolgerungen Die Arbeit zeigt, dass ungewiss ist, ob die Kosten für
Hörgeräte, deren Kosten den Festbetrag übersteigen, übernommen bzw. erstattet
werden oder nicht. Da jeder Fall im Prinzip einzigartig ist, variieren auch die
Ergebnisse. Trotzdem wird empfohlen, im Falle der Ablehnung der Ansprüche trotz
Indikation nach sorgfältiger Abwägung den Klageweg zu beschreiten.
Designing Developmentally Sensitive AAC Technologies for Young Children with Complex Communication Needs: Considerations of Communication, Working Memory, Attention, Motor Skills, and Sensory-Perception
Authors: O'Neill Tara , Wilkinson Krista M. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractYoung children who require augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) must be provided with AAC technologies that are designed to meet their needs and accommodate their skills. One critical aspect of matching the system design features of aided AAC technologies to the needs and abilities of the child with complex communication needs is a consideration of the child's developmental skills. This article provides an overview of specific, early developmental milestones in communication, cognition (i.e., attention and working memory), motor skills, and sensory-perception (including visual attention) that influence decisions regarding AAC system design for young children. Developmental considerations are also reviewed for young children with Down's syndrome, a group that often benefits from early provision of AAC. Based on developmental theory and milestones, specific recommendations are provided for the design of developmentally sensitive AAC technologies for young children who are beginning communicators.
German Heart Surgery Report 2018: The Annual Updated Registry of the German Society for Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery
Authors: Beckmann Andreas , Meyer Renate , Lewandowski Jana , Markewitz Andreas , Harringer Wolfgang 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBased on a longtime voluntary registry, founded by the German Society for Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery (GSTCVS), well-defined data of all cardiac, thoracic, and vascular surgery procedures performed in 78 German heart surgery departments during the year 2018 are analyzed. For this period, a total of 174,902 procedures were submitted to the registry, 98,707 summarized as heart surgery procedures in the classical meaning. The unadjusted in-hospital survival rate for 33,999 isolated coronary artery bypass grafting procedures (relationship on-/off-pump 3.8:1) was 97.1% and for 34,915 isolated heart valve procedures, 14,396 transcatheter interventions included, it was 96.0%. Concerning short- and long-term circulatory supports, a total of 2,871 extracorporeal life support (ECLS)/extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) implants, respectively, 942 assist device implantations (L-/R-/BVAD, TAH) were registered. In 2018, the number of isolated heart transplantations increased to 312, a growth of 23% compared with the previous year. The isolated lung transplantations reached 340, a rise of nearly 19%. This annual updated registry of the GSTCVS represents voluntary public reporting by accumulating actual information for nearly all heart surgical procedures in Germany, constitutes advancements in heart medicine, and is a basis for quality management for all participating institutions. In addition, the registry demonstrates that the provision of cardiac surgery in Germany is appropriate and nationwide patient treatment is guaranteed all the time.
Urology Residency Directors' Awareness of Association between α-Adrenergic Antagonists and Floppy Iris Syndrome and Practice Patterns Regarding Prophylactic α-Adrenergic Antagonists
Authors: Cui David , Gupta-Elera Gaytri , Scott Ingrid U. 
Published: July 2019

Purpose The use of prophylactic α-adrenergic receptor antagonists prior to surgery is associated with reduced postoperative urinary retention. However, α-adrenergic receptor antagonists have been associated with intraoperative floppy iris syndrome (IFIS). Studies have shown that IFIS is correlated with higher rates of cataract surgery complications. The purpose of this study is to investigate United States urology residency program directors' (1) awareness of the association between α-adrenergic receptor antagonists and IFIS and (2) practice patterns regarding the use of prophylactic α-adrenergic receptor antagonists prior to surgery.
Materials and Methods An anonymous, online survey was sent to the program director of each of the 138 urology residency programs accredited by the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education. The survey assessed program directors' knowledge regarding the association between α-adrenergic receptor antagonists and IFIS, and practice patterns regarding the use of prophylactic α-adrenergic receptor antagonists prior to surgery.
Results Sixty-nine of the 138 (50%) residency directors responded. Forty percent of respondents believe that tamsulosin (Flomax) does not increase the risk of IFIS. Fifty-two percent of respondents prescribe or consider prescribing prophylactic α-adrenergic blockers prior to surgery, with tamsulosin being the most preferred α-adrenergic blocking agent. Of the prescribing urologists, only 58% counsel most of their patients regarding the association between the prescribed drug and IFIS, 28% never ask patients whether they have had cataract surgery, and 56% would change the drug or dosage used if they learned that a patient had not yet had cataract surgery.
Conclusion The results of this study demonstrate the potential to decrease the risk of IFIS through education of urologists regarding the association of α-adrenergic antagonists with IFIS.
Fathers, sons, and monsters: Rousseau, Blake, and Mary Shelley
Authors: Schouten de Jel Joshua 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThrough their reading of Jean-Jacques Rousseau, William Blake, and Mary Shelley arrive at a similar formula for their respective texts: the mismanagement, neglect, and eventual abandonment of children by their fathers catalyses the development of monstrous progeny in Shelley’sFrankenstein(1818/31), Blake’sTiriel(1789),The Book of Urizen(1794), andThe Four Zoas(1795–1804). In particular, both Blake and Shelley pick up on Rousseau’s concerns about the mishandling of children’s bodies as part of contemporary nursing practices inÉmile, as well as the way in which the vision of a self-led educational programme is continually undermined by the fear of pedagogical mismanagement. While Blake and Shelley are rarely brought together in critical discussions, this paper, by looking specifically at the physical and psychological formation of children within the context of father–son relationships, hopes to provide an analytical key which will unlock the way both Romantic writers incorporated personal, pedagogical, and philosophical material from Rousseau in their family-orientated texts.
Flexible electronic/optoelectronic microsystems with scalable designs for chronic biointegration
Authors: Song Enming , Chiang Chia-Han , Li Rui , Jin Xin , Zhao Jianing , Hill Mackenna , Xia Yu , Li Lizhu , Huang Yuming , Won Sang Min , Yu Ki Jun , Sheng Xing , Fang Hui , Alam Muhammad Ashraful , Huang Yonggang , Viventi Jonathan , Chang Jan-Kai , Rogers John A. 
Published: July 2019

Significance
Emerging classes of flexible electronic systems designed to interface to soft tissues of the human body serve as the foundations for bioelectronic forms of medicine, with capabilities that can complement those of traditional pharmaceutical approaches. This work establishes the engineering science of categories of biointegrated microsystems that include assemblies of tens of thousands of microdevices interconnected into functional networks on thin flexible polymer substrates with areas that approach those of the human brain. Detailed in vitro studies suggest the ability of these systems to provide sophisticated electronic and optoelectronic function with stable, biologically safe operation for many decades. The results define concepts and technological approaches with widespread utility in the field of bioelectronics.
Interaction Solutions for Kadomtsev-Petviashvili Equation with Variable Coefficients*
Authors: Liu Jian-Guo , Zhu Wen-Hui , Zhou Li 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Based on the Hirota’s bilinear form and symbolic computation, the Kadomtsev-Petviashvili equation with variable coefficients is investigated. The lump solutions and interaction solutions between lump solution and a pair of resonance stripe solitons are presented. Their dynamical behaviors are described by some three-dimensional plots and corresponding contour plots.
Multiple-Photon-Added and -Subtracted Two-Mode Binomial States: Nonclassicality and Entanglement*
Authors: Li Kai-Cai , Meng Xiang-Guo , Wang Ji-Suo 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

We theoretically analyze the nonclassicality and entanglement of two new non-Gaussian entangled states generated by applying multiple-photon addition and subtraction to a two-mode binomial state. The nonclassical properties are investigated in terms of the partial negativity of the Wigner functions, whose results show that their nonclassicality can be enhanced via one-mode even-number photon operations and two-mode symmetrical operations for the initial two-mode binomial state. We also find that there exists some enhancement in the entanglement properties in certain parameter ranges via one-mode photon-addition and two-mode symmetrical operations.
Residue-Specialized Membrane Poration Kinetics of Melittin and Its Variants: Insight from Mechanistic Landscapes*
Authors: Deng Zhi-Xiong , Li Jing-Liang , Yuan Bing , Yang Kai 
Published: July 2019

AbstractPore-forming peptides have promising potentials for biomedical uses due to their ability to permeabilize cell membranes. However, to molecularly engineer them for practical applications is still blocked by the poor understanding of the specific roles of individual residues in peptides’ activity. Herein, using an advanced computational approach that combines Coarse-Grained molecular dynamics and well-tempered metadynamics, the membrane activities of melittin, a representative pore-forming peptide, and its gain-of-function variants, are characterized from the kinetics and thermodynamics perspectives. Unbiased simulations elucidate the molecular details of peptide-induced membrane poration; during which, some vital intermediate states, including the aggregation and U-shape configuration formation of peptides in the membrane, are observed and further applied as collective variables to construct the multi-dimensional free energy landscapes of the peptide-membrane interactions. Such a combination of kinetic and thermodynamic descriptions of the interaction process provides crucial information of residue-specialized contribution in chain conformation and consequently membrane perforation ability of the peptide. It is found that residues at the kink part (e.g. Thr) determine the chain flexibility and U-shape bending of the peptide, while residues near the C-terminus (e.g. Arg and Lys) are responsible for recruiting neighboring peptides for inter-molecular cooperation; the probable reaction pathway and the poration efficiency are consequently regulated. These results are helpful for a comprehensive understanding of the complicated molecular mechanism of pore-forming peptides and pave the way to rationally design and/or engineer the peptides for practical applications.
Study of Monte Carlo event generators for proton-proton collisions at LHC energies in the forward region *
Authors: ENE Alexandru Cătălin , JIPA Alexandru , GIUBEGA Lavinia-Elena 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
In this paper we present a comparative study between PYTHIA, EPOS, QGSJET, and SIBYLL generators. The global event observables considered are the charged energy flow, charged particle distributions, charged hadron production ratios and V
0 ratios. The study is performed in the LHCb and TOTEM fiducial phase spaces on minimum bias simulated data samples for pp collisions at

= 7 TeV , using the reference measurements from these experiments. In the majority of cases, the measurements are within a band defined by the most extreme predictions. The observed differences between the predictions and the measurements seem to be, in most part, caused by extrapolation from the central pseudorapidity region (|η|

2.5), in which the generators were mainly tuned.
Relativistic corrections of the fragmentation functions for a heavy quark to Bc and

*
Authors: Yang Deshan , Zhang Wenjie 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
In this paper, we compute the relativistic corrections of the fragmentation functions (FFs) for a heavy quark to Bc
and

within the framework of non-relativistic QCD (NRQCD) factorization. The non-singlet and singlet DGLAP evolutions are also presented.
Perturbative QCD for J/ψ inclusive production via initial state radiation in

collisions *
Authors: Gong Bin , Wang Yu-Dong , Wang Jian-Xiong 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The process

with the center-of-mass (CM) energy in the range from 3.7 to 10.6 GeV is calculated up to the next-to-leading order (NLO) in quantum chromodynamics (QCD). At 10.6 GeV, the result is consistent with the experimental result from Belle. However, the predictions are much smaller than the background in the measurements at BESIII in the low CM energy range from 3.7 to 4.6 GeV. This indicates that the convergence of the QCD perturbative expansion becomes worse as the CM energy is closer to the inclusive

production threshold. For a further study of the QCD mechanism of

production in

collisions with different CM energies, the initial state radiation effect of

and

are calculated in QCD NLO. The results are plotted and the number of events for different CM energy bins are provided for SuperKEKB. This provides a method to precisely test the validity of perturbative predictions for

production in future measurements.
Phenomenology of

decays in a scalar leptoquark model *
Authors: Yan Han , Yang Ya-Dong , Yuan Xing-Bo 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
During the past few years, signs of lepton flavor universality (LFU) violation have been observed in

and

transitions. Recently, the

and

polarization fractions

and

in

decay were likewise measured by the Belle collaboration. Motivated by these intriguing results, we revisit the

and

anomalies in a scalar leptoquark (LQ) model, where two scalar LQs, one of which is a

singlet and the other a

triplet, are introduced simultaneously. We consider five

mediated decays,

,

,

, and

, and focus on the LQ effects on the

distributions of the branching fractions, LFU ratios, and various angular observables in these decays. Under the combined constraints of the available data on

,

,

, and

, we perform scans for the LQ couplings and make predictions for a number of observables. Numerically it is found that both the differential branching fractions and LFU ratios are largely enhanced by the LQ effects, with the latter expected to provide testable signatures at the SuperKEKB and High-Luminosity LHC experiments.
Novel self-consistent mean field approximation and its application in strong interaction phase transitions *
Authors: Wang Fei , Cao Yakun , Zong Hongshi 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
We propose a novel self-consistent mean field approximation method by means of a Fierz transformation, taking the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model as an example. This new self-consistent mean field approximation introduces a new free parameter α to be determined experimentally. When α assumes the value of 0.5, the approximation reduces to the mean field calculation commonly used in the past. Subsequently, we study the influence of the undetermined parameter α on the phase diagram of the two-flavor strong interaction matter. The value of α plays a crucial role in the strong interaction phase diagram, as it not only changes the position of the phase transition point of strong interaction matter, but also affects the order of the phase transition. For example, when α is greater than the critical value

, then the strong interaction matter phase diagram no longer has a critical end point. In addition, in the case of zero temperature and finite density, we found that when α > 1.044, the pseudo-critical chemical potential corresponds to ~4–5 times the saturation density of the nuclear matter, which agrees with the expected results from the picture of the hadrons degree of freedom. The resulting equations of state of strong interaction matter at low temperatures and high densities will have an important impact on studies concerning the mass radius relationship of neutron stars and the merging process of binary neutron stars.
Extinction coefficients of surface atmospheric aerosol above LHAASO *
Authors: Pi Wen-Xuan , Huang Min , Zhu Feng-Rong , He Yu , Xie Ning , Zhang Yong , Chen Qi-Hui , Jia Huan-Yu 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
We investigate the extinction coefficients of the surface atmospheric aerosol over the Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory (LHAASO), located at the Haizi Mountain, Daocheng County, China. To this end, we utilize the Longtin model, Mie scattering theory, and experimental data obtained by the Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observation (CALIPSO). Our theoretical calculations show that the total extinction coefficients of the atmospheric aerosol at the wavelength of 200–500 nm are inversely proportional to the laser wavelength, and influenced by the wind speed. From July 2015 to October 2016, the extinction coefficient of the surface atmospheric aerosols at 532 nm wavelength reached 0.04 km−1 with no wind, while it increased to 0.1 km−1 with gusts. In this period, the extinction coefficients of the surface atmospheric aerosol at 532 nm wavelength, obtained by the CALIPSO, change from 0.01 to 0.07 km−1, which is less than the values obtained the theoretical calculation and larger than the average of Tibetan Plateau in 2006−2016. These calculations and experimental evidence provide important arguments to the model of atmospheric aerosol to be applied in the calibration of LHAASO. Our results suggest that the extinction coefficients over LHAASO require further study, including research on the size distribution, shape, concentration of aerosols particles, wind dependence, relative humidity dependence, etc.
The forced axisymmetric oscillations of an oblate drop sandwiched between different inhomogeneous surfaces under AC vibrational force
Authors: Kashina M A , Alabuzhev A A 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The forced oscillations of an incompressible fluid drop in the uniform AC electric field are considered. The external electric field acts as an external force that causes motion of the contact line. In order to describe this contact line motion the modified Hocking boundary condition is applied: the velocity of the contact line is proportional to the deviation of the contact angle and the rate of the fast relaxation processes, whose frequency is proportional to twice the frequency of the electric field. The equilibrium drop has the form of a cylinder bounded by axially parallel solid inhomogeneous planes. These plates have different surface (wetting etc.) properties. The solution of the problem is represented as a Fourier series in eigenfunctions of the Laplace operator. The resulting system of heterogeneous equations for unknown amplitudes was solved numerically. The amplitude-frequency characteristics and the evolution of the drop shape are plotted for different values of the problem parameters.
Optimization-based method of solving 2D thermal cloaking problems
Authors: Alekseev Gennady , Tereshko Dmitry 
Published: July 2019

AbstractWe consider inverse problems for 2D heat conduction model concerning with designing cylindrical thermal cloaking shells. The shells are assumed consisting of a finite number of layers every of which is filled with homogeneous isotropic medium. Using the optimization method these inverse problems are reduced to corresponding control problems. Thermal conductivities of the shell layers play the role of passive controls. A numerical algorithm based on the particle swarm optimization is proposed and the results of numerical experiments are discussed. Rigorous optimization analysis shows that high cloaking efficiency of the shell can be achieved using a multilayer shell composed of only three isotropic nature materials with optimally selected thermal conductivities.
Carleman estimate of solutions to equations adjoint to Navier–Stokes compressible-medium equations
Authors: Amosova E V 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Analyzing the controllability problem for the Navier–Stokes equations of a compressible medium requires Carleman estimates of a corresponding adjoint system. The paper presents a Carleman estimate of solutions to two 2D equations, which are adjoint to continuity and momentum equations in compressible-solid mechanics at the start time. The paper proposes a method for generating Carleman estimates for a hyperbolic-parabolic system with Dirichlet and Neumann conditions featuring the same weight function.
Group properties of equations describing the motion of a liquid metal with the inclusion of nanopowder
inoculators
Authors: Bublik V V 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
A group classification of equations describing the motion of a liquid metal with the inclusion of nanopowder inoculators is carried out in relation to the dependence of the viscosity coefficient on temperature and the fraction of the solid phase in the melt. The motion of a liquid metal with the inclusion of nanopowder inoculators will be described by the Navier— Stokes system of equations in an axisymmetric coordinate system taking into account the force of gravity directed against the axial coordinate and the heat transfer equation in a liquid, taking into account crystallization. The viscosity of a liquid is considered dependent on temperature and the fraction of the solid phase in the melt. The widest permissible group is obtained in the case of a constant viscosity coefficient. Also, the expansion of the permissible group occurs with some special types of dependence of the viscosity coefficient on temperature and the fraction of the solid phase in the melt.