bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of group psychotherapy on depressive and anxious symptoms, self‐esteem and social adaptation in college students
Authors: Mejías Juan A. , Jurado María M. , Tafoya Silvia A. , Romo Francisco , Sandoval José R. , Beltrán‐Hernández Lizbeth 
Published: August 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the changes in anxious and depressive symptomatology, self‐esteem and social adaptation in college students who attended group psychotherapy for 6 months.MethodA quasi‐experimental, one‐group pretest–post‐test design was utilised. The effect of group psychotherapy on the symptoms of anxiety, depression, self‐esteem and social adjustment was evaluated in 41 college students, with depressive‐anxious disorders as principal diagnoses. For six months, they were treated with interactional‐type psychotherapy and with pharmacological treatment if necessary.ResultsSignificant improvements were found in depressive symptoms (p = .0001), state anxiety (p = .001), self‐esteem evaluated with the Coopersmith Self‐Esteem Inventory (p = .039) and with the Rosenberg Self‐Esteem Scale (p = .024) and social adaptation (p = .013). No effect was observed by gender or by adding pharmacological treatment.ConclusionsGroup psychotherapy may be useful in reducing depressive and anxious symptoms, and improving self‐esteem and social adaptation.
Tendon rupture associated with concomitant simvastatin and gemfibrozil use: Biological and pharmacokinetic implications
Authors: Cano Cevallos Edison Jose , Shaikh Danial Haris , Gonzalez Jose , Sanchez William , Patel Madanmohan 
Published: August 2019

AbstractTendon or muscle rupture is a rare complication of statins that could potentially be disabling and result in a significant burden to patients. The co‐administration of statin and gemfibrozil should warrant prescribers’ awareness of tendon‐related complications of statin use, particularly in high‐risk populations with poor renal function or musculoskeletal comorbidities.
LASSO‐based false‐positive selection for class‐imbalanced data in metabolomics
Authors: Fu Guang‐Hui , Yi Lun‐Zhao , Pan Jianxin 
Published: August 2019

AbstractFeature selection and rebalancing can be seen as two preprocessing ways in class‐imbalanced learning. Recently, there have been many research achievements and applications on LASSO‐type feature selection, whereas most of them are not directly designed for addressing class‐imbalanced data. In this study, we proposed a LASSO‐based stable feature selection algorithm for class‐imbalanced data analysis, and false‐positive selection (FPS) under balanced and imbalanced situations was calculated via selection frequency of each predictor in doing stable selection. The results on simulation studies and real data examples show that class imbalance contributes to avoid overselection caused by LASSO when the data are highly correlated and a lower FPS can be obtained with class‐imbalanced data than balanced one in most of cases in the same settings. A statistical explanation was given for this phenomenon. In addition, it does not need to rebalance the class‐imbalanced data for performing such LASSO‐based feature selection with a stable strategy, and to some degree, intentionally disequilibrating the balanced data could be an alternative strategy to weaken overselection and to perform biomarker identification for finding a few of most important biomarkers.
Axially chiral N,N′‐dioxides ethers for catalysis in enantioselective allylation of aldehydes
Authors: Wu Shijie , Xing Yongfei , Wang Jie , Guo Xingchen , Zhu Huajie , Li Wan 
Published: August 2019

AbstractA series of axially chiral ethers synthesized from biscarboline N,N′‐dioxides, (S)‐1a to (S)‐1n, was investigated in enantioselectivity addition reactions of allyltrichlorosilane with a series of substituted aldehydes, including bulky substituted aldehydes. High enantioselectivities (up to 96%ee) were achieved using the catalyst (S)‐1k at 1 mol % loading.
Improved chiral electrochemical recognition of tryptophan enantiomers based on three‐dimensional molecularly imprinted overoxidized polypyrrole/MnO2/carbon felt composites
Authors: Dong Lina , Liu Xuerui , Xu Hui , Wu Datong , Gao Shanmin , Zhong Linlin , Kong Yong 
Published: August 2019

AbstractA three‐dimensional molecularly imprinted overoxidized polypyrrole/MnO2/carbon felt (MIOPPy/MnO2/CF) composites were fabricated, which results in increased active area of the surface of the molecularly imprinted polymers film and greatly improved electrochemical chiral recognition effect for tryptophan isomers. The composites were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscope, X‐ray diffractometer, UV‐visible spectra, N2 adsorption‐desorption isotherms, and electrochemical methods. The manuscript provides a proof of concept and shows promising potential of the prepared composites for chiral recognition.
Full Pre‐Steady‐State Kinetic Analysis of Single Nucleotide Incorporation by DNA Polymerases
Authors: Renders Marleen , Frère Jean‐Marie , Toye Dominique , Herdewijn Piet 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBy measuring a DNA polymerase incorporation reaction on a very short time scale (5 ms to 10 s) and with a high enzyme concentration, the isolated event of a single nucleotide incorporation can be analyzed. Practically, this is done using a quench‐flow instrument, which allows the rapid mixing of the enzyme‐primer/template with the nucleotide substrate, after which the reaction is quenched and analyzed. We describe how to titrate the enzyme active site, how to determine, via a scouting experiment, the rate‐limiting step in the polymerization reaction, and how to measure the apparent kpol, Kd(DNA), and Kd(N) using burst or single‐turnover experiments. We include equations for the calculation of the processivity of the polymerase, its nucleotide incorporation specificity and preference, and the activation energy difference for the incorporation of an incorrect nucleotide. Data analysis is discussed, as this is an essential part of accurate data generation in kinetic analyses. © 2019 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
The role and therapeutic implications of T cells in cancer of the lung
Authors: Neeve Samuel C , Robinson Bruce WS , Fear Vanessa S 
Published: August 2019

AbstractLung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer‐related death worldwide. The disease is classified into two major subtypes, small‐cell lung cancer (SCLC) and the more prevalent non‐small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC). First‐line conventional therapies, such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy and surgery, have offered limited benefit, and patient prognosis remains poor with post‐treatment recurrences representing a major cause of morbidity. Consequently, there is an urgent need for improved therapeutic options. Historically, NSCLC has been considered a non‐immunogenic disease. However, increased understanding of tumor‐immune interactions has challenged this paradigm in both lung and other malignancies, with cancer elimination by tumor‐specific T cells increasingly well described in a myriad of solid tumors. Recent evidence has demonstrated that absent or weak anticancer responses are likely a product of tumor‐derived immunosuppression. This knowledge, along with a greater appreciation for the role of T cells in lung cancer elimination, has driven development of novel immunotherapeutic approaches which are demonstrating remarkable clinical efficacy. This review examines the role of T cells in lung cancer, discussing the direction and clinical significance of current and future immunotherapeutic strategies.
Impaired brain endocannabinoid tone in the activity‐based model of anorexia nervosa
Authors: Collu Roberto , Scherma Maria , Piscitelli Fabiana , Giunti Elisa , Satta Valentina , Castelli M. Paola , Verde Roberta , Fratta Walter , Bisogno Tiziana , Fadda Paola 
Published: August 2019

AbstractObjectiveDespite the growing knowledge on the functional relationship between an altered endocannabinoid (eCB) system and development of anorexia nervosa (AN), to date no studies have investigated the central eCB tone in the activity‐based anorexia (ABA) model that reproduces key aspects of human AN.MethodWe measured levels of two major eCBs, anandamide (AEA) and 2‐arachidonoylglycerol (2‐AG), those of two eCB‐related lipids, oleoylethanolamide (OEA) and palmitoylethanolamide (PEA), and the cannabinoid type‐1 receptor (CB1R) density in the brain of female ABA rats, focusing on areas involved in homeostatic and rewarding‐related regulation of feeding behavior (i.e., prefrontal cortex, nucleus accumbens, caudato putamen, amygdala, hippocampus and hypothalamus). Analysis was carried out also at the end of recovery from the ABA condition.ResultsAt the end of the ABA induction phase, 2‐AG was significantly decreased in ABA rats in different brain areas but not in the caudato putamen. No changes were detected in AEA levels in any region, whereas the levels of OEA and PEA were decreased exclusively in the hippocampus and hypothalamus. Furthermore, CB1R density was decreased in the dentate gyrus of hippocampus and in the lateral hypothalamus. After recovery, both 2‐AG levels and CB1R density were partially normalized in some areas. In contrast, AEA levels became markedly reduced in all the analyzed areas.DiscussionThese data demonstrate an altered brain eCB tone in ABA rats, further supporting the involvement of an impaired eCB system in AN pathophysiology that may contribute to the maintenance of some symptomatic aspects of the disease.
Post‐Pleistocene differentiation in a Central Interior Highlands endemic salamander
Authors: Burkhart Jacob J. , Puckett Emily E. , Beringer Chelsey J. , Sholy Christine N. , Semlitsch Raymond D. , Eggert Lori S. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAimFor many endemic species with limited dispersal capacities, the relationship between landscape changes and species distributions is still unclear. We characterized the population structure of the endemic ringed salamander (Ambystoma annulatum) across its distribution in the Central Interior Highlands (CIH) of North America, an area of high species endemism, to infer the ecological and evolutionary history of the species.MethodsWe sampled 498 individuals across the species distribution and characterized the population genetic structure using nuclear microsatellite and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) markers.ResultsAmbystoma annulatum exist in two strongly supported nuclear genetic clusters across the CIH that correspond to a northern cluster that includes the Missouri Ozark populations and a southern cluster that includes the Arkansas and Oklahoma Ozarks and the Ouachita Mountains. Our demographic models estimated that these populations diverged approximately 2,700 years ago. Pairwise estimates of genetic differentiation at microsatellite and mtDNA markers indicated limited contemporary gene flow and suggest that genetic differentiation was primarily influenced by changes in the post‐Pleistocene landscape of the CIH.Main ConclusionsBoth the geologic history and post‐European settlement history of the CIH have influenced the population genetic structure of A. annulatum. The low mtDNA diversity suggests a retraction into and expansion out of refugial areas in the south‐central Ozarks, during temperature fluctuations of the Pleistocene and Holocene epochs. Similarly, the estimated divergence time for the two nuclear clusters corresponds to changes in the post‐Pleistocene landscape. More recently, decreased A. annulatum gene flow may be a result of increased habitat fragmentation and alteration post‐European settlement.
Corrosion Behavior of Bitter Almond Oil During Processing
Authors: Mao Xiaohui , Zhu Hailan , Zhao Zhong , Yu Xiuzhu 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThis study aims to explore the corrosion behavior of bitter almond oil (BAO) during processing. Hydrocyanic acid (HCN) and benzoic acid in oil are speculated as the main components that corrode the screw oil expeller. Immersion and simulation corrosion tests are carried out to verify this hypothesis. Immersion test results show that crude BAO (CBAO) containing 5.07 ± 0.06 mg kg−1 benzoic acid and 4.25 ± 0.04 mg kg−1 HCN exhibits corrosive effects on steel. Simulation corrosion test results indicate that the addition of CN− or benzoic acid has significant effect on the corrosion of steel. Specifically, at ≥1 × 104 mg kg−1 benzoic acid concentration or ≥5 mg kg−1 CN− concentration, the mass of steel blocks in oil decreases and the contents of Fe, Zn, Al, and Mg ions in oil increase significantly. Therefore, HCN in CBAO is the main cause of screw oil expeller corrosion in BAO processing and benzoic acid is the secondary cause.Practical Applications: The corrosion behavior of CBAO not only damages the integrity of the screw oil expeller but also increases the dissolution of toxic metals from the components into oil. The study of corrosion has practical value in taking effective measures, such as detoxification before pressing and addition of natural inhibitors, to reduce corrosion and ensure the quality of CBAO. Corrosion study provides the basis for the selection of steel materials of screw oil expeller.
Deployment of a stand‐alone hybrid renewable energy system in coastal areas as a reliable energy source
Authors: Kasaeian Alibakhsh , Razmjoo Armin , Shirmohammadi Reza , Pourfayaz Fathollah , Sumper Andreas 
Published: August 2019

AbstractSolar and wind can be considered as sustainable environmentally friendly and omnipresent renewable energy sources for generating a part of required electrical energy for inhabitants of the remote areas in different countries. Accordingly, this study investigates the techno‐economic evaluation for two‐hybrid renewable energy systems for Bandar Dayyer. The findings of this study shows that using the HOMER software, the total amount of electricity production by these systems are equal to 470,176 kW, of which 22,409 kW is provided by PV‐generic system and 447,767 kW is supplied by PV‐diesel‐generic system. It should be mentioned that this area has an appropriate potential of wind speed and solar radiation; therefore, the area can be suitable for investing on a hybrid renewable energy site.
Proactive inhibition deficits with normal perfusion after pediatric mild traumatic brain injury
Authors: Mayer Andrew R. , Stephenson David D. , Wertz Christopher J. , Dodd Andrew B. , Shaff Nicholas A. , Ling Josef M. , Park Grace , Oglesbee Scott J. , Wasserott Ben C. , Meier Timothy B. , Witkiewitz Katie , Campbell Richard A. , Yeo Ronald A. , Phillips John P. , Quinn Davin K. , Pottenger Amy 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAlthough much attention has been generated in popular media regarding the deleterious effects of pediatric mild traumatic brain injury (pmTBI), a paucity of empirical evidence exists regarding the natural course of biological recovery. Fifty pmTBI patients (12–18 years old) were consecutively recruited from Emergency Departments and seen approximately 1 week and 4 months post‐injury in this prospective cohort study. Data from 53 sex‐ and age‐matched healthy controls (HC) were also collected. Functional magnetic resonance imaging was obtained during proactive response inhibition and at rest, in conjunction with independent measures of resting cerebral blood flow. High temporal resolution imaging enabled separate modeling of neural responses for preparation and execution of proactive response inhibition. A priori predictions of failed inhibitory responses (i.e., hyperactivation) were observed in motor circuitry (pmTBI>HC) and sensory areas sub‐acutely and at 4 months post‐injury. Paradoxically, pmTBI demonstrated hypoactivation (HC>pmTBI) during target processing, along with decreased activation within prefrontal cognitive control areas. Functional connectivity within motor circuitry at rest suggested that deficits were limited to engagement during the inhibitory task, whereas normal resting cerebral perfusion ruled out deficits in basal perfusion. In conclusion, current results suggest blood oxygen‐level dependent deficits during inhibitory control may exceed commonly held beliefs about physiological recovery following pmTBI, potentially lasting up to 4 months post‐injury.
Stria terminalis, amygdala, and temporoparietal junction networks facilitate efficient emotion processing under expectations
Authors: Dzafic Ilvana , Oestreich Lena , Martin Andrew K. , Mowry Bryan , Burianová Hana 
Published: August 2019

AbstractRapid emotion processing is an ecologically essential ability for survival in social environments in which threatening or advantageous encounters dynamically and rapidly occur. Efficient emotion recognition is subserved by different processes, depending on one's expectations; however, the underlying functional and structural circuitry is still poorly understood. In this study, we delineate brain networks that subserve fast recognition of emotion in situations either congruent or incongruent with prior expectations. For this purpose, we used multimodal neuroimaging and investigated performance on a dynamic emotion perception task. We show that the extended amygdala structural and functional networks relate to speed of emotion processing under threatening conditions. Specifically, increased microstructure of the right stria terminalis, an amygdala white‐matter pathway, was related to faster detection of emotion during actual presentation of anger or after cueing anger. Moreover, functional connectivity of right amygdala with limbic regions was related to faster detection of anger congruent with cue, suggesting selective attention to threat. On the contrary, we found that faster detection of anger incongruent with cue engaged the ventral attention “reorienting” network. Faster detection of happiness, in either expectancy context, engaged a widespread frontotemporal‐subcortical functional network. These findings shed light on the functional and structural circuitries that facilitate speed of emotion recognition and, for the first time, elucidate a role for the stria terminalis in human emotion processing.
Socio‐economic inequalities in diabetes prevalence in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Authors: Al‐Hanawi Mohammed Khaled , Chirwa Gowokani Chijere , Pulok Mohammad Habibullah 
Published: August 2019

SummaryBackgroundRising prevalence of non‐communicable diseases, including diabetes in the Middle East, is a major public health concern of the 21st century. However, there is a paucity of literature to understand and measure socio‐economic inequalities in diabetes prevalence in this region, including the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA).MethodsThis study investigated socio‐economic inequalities in diabetes prevalence in the KSA using data from the Saudi Arabia Health Interview Survey. Concentration curve, concentration index, and multivariate logistic regression were used to measure and examine income‐ and education‐related inequalities in diabetes prevalence.ResultsThe results showed significant socio‐economic inequalities in the prevalence of diabetes through analysing a nationally representative sample of the KSA population. Diabetes prevalence was concentrated among the poor and among people with less education. In addition, education‐related inequality was higher than income‐related inequality.ConclusionsThe findings of this study are important for policymakers to combat both the increasing prevalence of and socio‐economic inequalities in diabetes. The government should promote health education programmes and increase the level of public awareness of diabetes management, especially among the lower educated population in the KSA.
Traveling With Integrity: Translating Face‐to‐Face Teacher Professional Learning to Online and Blended Spaces
Authors: Katz Mira‐Lisa , Stump Mary , Charney‐Sirott Irisa , Howlett Heather 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThis department focuses on literacy leaders, including school and instructional leaders, teachers, and external partners, who are working to improve outcomes for adolescent and adult learners in a wide range of education settings. Columns investigate the challenges and complexities inherent in such work and share lessons learned, impactful strategies and approaches, and promising pathways forward.
Imaging signatures of glioblastoma molecular characteristics: A radiogenomics review
Authors: Fathi Kazerooni Anahita , Bakas Spyridon , Saligheh Rad Hamidreza , Davatzikos Christos 
Published: August 2019

Over the past few decades, the advent and development of genomic assessment methods and computational approaches have raised the hopes for identifying therapeutic targets that may aid in the treatment of glioblastoma. However, the targeted therapies have barely been successful in their effort to cure glioblastoma patients, leaving them with a grim prognosis. Glioblastoma exhibits high heterogeneity, both spatially and temporally. The existence of different genetic subpopulations in glioblastoma allows this tumor to adapt itself to environmental forces. Therefore, patients with glioblastoma respond poorly to the prescribed therapies, as treatments are directed towards the whole tumor and not to the specific genetic subregions. Genomic alterations within the tumor develop distinct radiographic phenotypes. In this regard, MRI plays a key role in characterizing molecular signatures of glioblastoma, based on regional variations and phenotypic presentation of the tumor. Radiogenomics has emerged as a (relatively) new field of research to explore the connections between genetic alterations and imaging features. Radiogenomics offers numerous advantages, including noninvasive and global assessment of the tumor and its response to therapies. In this review, we summarize the potential role of radiogenomic techniques to stratify patients according to their specific tumor characteristics with the goal of designing patient‐specific therapies.Level of Evidence: 5Technical Efficacy: Stage 2J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2020;52:54–69.
Synthesis of mesoporous silica for adsorption of chlordiazepoxide and its determination by HPLC: Experimental design
Authors: Momtazan Fatemeh , Khodadoust Saeid , Zeraatpisheh Fatemeh , Behbahani Mohammad 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIn this work, mesoporous silica (SBA‐15‐NH2) was used as an efficient adsorbent for extraction of chlordiazepoxide from different samples based on dispersive nanomaterial‐ultrasound assisted microextraction followed by high‐performance liquid chromatography. The prepared sorbent was characterized by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, low‐angle X‐ray diffraction, thermal analysis, and N2 adsorption‐desorption surface area measurement. Several variables affecting the extraction efficiency of the chlordiazepoxide, including the amounts of adsorbent, time of adsorption, pH and volume of desorption solvent were optimized by central composite design combined with desirability function. The values of variables were set as 10 mg of SBA‐15‐NH2, 15 min adsorption time, pH = 7.3 and 1 mL methanol. The linear response (0.998) was obtained in the range of 0.006–10 µgmL−1 with detection limit 0.0014 µg/mL and extraction recovery was in the range of 91–96% with relative standard deviation < 6%.