bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bilayer Boost to UV Assisted Supercapacitors: Enhanced Performance with Transparent TiO2/MoO3 Heterojunction Electrode
Authors: Ezhilmaran Bhuvaneshwari , Madhavanunni Rekha Sreelakshmi , Venkataprasad Bhat Sarpangala 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPhoto‐assisted supercapacitor is a promising smart device component for achieving both energy conversion and storage. The photo‐assisted functionality in a supercapacitor is realized through the choice of photo responsive electrode material under suitable illumination conditions. The well‐known electrochemically active electrode materials are wide band gap semiconductors which absorb strongly in UV light. However, most of the prior studies on photo‐assisted supercapacitors used visible light. Herein, we present a transparent TiO2/MoO3 bi‐layer heterojunction made by simple solution process as an efficient electrode for photo‐assisted supercapacitors under UV light illumination. The electrochemical performance of the electrode is significantly enhanced even with a less intense (0.05 mW/cm2) UV light, compared to dark as well as the single layer electrode under same illumination condition. The highest areal capacitance of 63.25 mF/cm2 at 0.1 mA/cm2 is achieved, that surpasses most of the recent relevant reports. The synergetic effect of UV illumination and the built‐in potential at the type II heterojunction interface encourages ion insertion and better collection of the photo‐generated carriers. The unique bi‐layer design also leads to better rate capability features. Thus, the work presents a new prospect for the development of transparent energy storage devices to be used in future smart technologies.
In vitro gametogenesis: Towards competent oocytes
Authors: Aizawa Eishi , Peters Antoine H. F. M. , Wutz Anton 
Published: November 2024

AbstractProduction of oocytes from pluripotent cell cultures in a dish represents a new paradigm in stem cell and developmental biology and has implications for how we think about life. The spark of life for the next generation occurs at fertilization when sperm and oocyte fuse. In animals, gametes are the only cells that transmit their genomes to the next generation. Oocytes contain in addition a large cytoplasm with factors that direct embryonic development. Reconstitution of mouse oocyte and embryonic development in culture provides experimental opportunities and facilitates an unprecedented understanding of molecular mechanisms. However, the application of in vitro gametogenesis to reproductive medicine or infertility treatment remains challenging. One significant concern is the quality of in vitro‐derived oocytes. Here, we review the current understanding and identify limitations in generating oocytes in vitro. From this basis, we explore opportunities for future improvements of the in vitro approach to generating high‐quality oocytes.
Corporate sustainability commitment in the Middle East and North Africa region: Impact on innovation and firm performance
Authors: Sdiri Hanen , Ammar Ines 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis study examines the effects of corporate sustainability factors (CSFs)—specifically gender diversity, energy practices, and environmental practices—on innovation and their subsequent impact on firm performance in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. By integrating Absorptive Capacity Theory, we explore how these CSFs drive innovation, contributing to broader sustainable development goals. We analyze the impact of innovation on firm performance using the resource‐based view (RBV). Utilizing secondary data from the World Bank Enterprise Survey (WBES), we employ a two‐stage instrumental variable regression (IV‐2SLS) to address endogeneity and establish causal relationships. Our findings reveal that stakeholder engagement through gender diversity, energy practices, and environmental practices significantly enhances innovation, which, in turn, drives firm performance. Diverse leadership fosters creativity and innovation, while energy‐efficient and environmentally sustainable practices reduce costs, improve brand reputation, and align with sustainable development goals. These insights underscore essential policy implications for promoting environmental policy, clean production, and sustainable innovation ecosystems. Encouraging MENA firms to engage stakeholders and adopt sustainable practices can drive economic prosperity and contribute to the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
Pituitary hyperplasia secondary to primary hypothyroidism in adolescents: A medical case report and literature review
Authors: Yuan Xiangfeng , Zhu Jiangyu , Su Xiaoyu , Tan Huiling , Wang Siqi , Zheng Xueying , Ding Yu , Li Sumei 
Published: November 2024

Key Clinical MessagePrompt and precise diagnosis of pituitary hyperplasia secondary to primary hypothyroidism (PHPH) is crucial to avoid unwarranted pituitary surgery and potential permanent impairment. Although PHPH may present similarly to pituitary adenoma, it is responsive to thyroxine therapy, underscoring the critical role of differential diagnosis in the treatment of adolescent patients.
Liver metastasized pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor in a 17‐year‐old female: A case report
Authors: Sultan Mahmoud , Al Hasan Azad , Khazem Nisreen 
Published: November 2024

Key Clinical MessagePancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PNETs) are rare and often misdiagnosed due to their vague symptoms and tumor heterogeneity. Early detection using computed tomography (CT) is essential, particularly in regions without access to advanced diagnostic tools like immunohistochemistry and genetic testing.AbstractNeuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are rare tumors in adults and extremely rare in the pediatric population, as pancreatic NETs (pNETs) have an incidence rate of <0.1 per million. We present a case of a 17‐year‐old female with a liver metastasized pNET. A 17‐year‐old female with a history of intermittent abdomen‐back pain presented to the clinic with severe upper abdominal pain radiating to the shoulder. The routine tests were normal. An ultrasound showed multiple lesions in the liver, which were confirmed by a computed tomography (CT) that uncovered a pancreatic lesion too. A liver biopsy proved it was a metastasized pNET with positive NET markers on IMC staining. The metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) scan flared the liver lesion. The patient was started on Octreotide long‐acting release (LAR) 30 mg once monthly. The rarity of these tumors makes their diagnosis difficult, but they should not be omitted and must be considered when there are long‐lasting symptoms that are not compatible with common illnesses. These tumors are curable in their early stages.
Periapical cemento‐osseous dysplasia masquerading as asymptomatic chronic apical periodontitis in a Chinese woman: A case report
Authors: Ma Yunjing , Fang Dong , Ji Mei 
Published: November 2024

Key Clinical MessageCemento‐osseous dysplasia (COD) belongs to a group of fibrous osseous disorders that can masquerade as periapical inflammatory conditions in the jawbones. We present a rare case of COD occurring in a patient who also had periapical periodontitis concurrently. When faced with a patient exhibiting no symptoms, diagnosis may be challenging.AbstractCOD is a fibrous osseous disorder similar to periapical chronic inflammatory conditions and other cysts in the jaw bones on the radiograph. There is a rare case of COD occurring in a 49‐year‐old Chinese woman who also had chronic periapical periodontitis concurrently. The lesions were incidentally discovered in the mandibular anterior tooth region during the patient's imaging examination. The patient exhibited no symptoms, and diagnosing the conditions may be challenging due to the confusingly similar radiological features that present as a radiolucent lesion in the periapical region. The final diagnosis was made through pulp vitality tests, cone beam computed tomography (CBCT), and clinical examinations. The COD was recommended for annual follow‐up. Root canal therapy has been performed for chronic apical periodontitis. According to the diagnostic process of COD, a thorough history check, multiple clinical examinations, and imaging studies should be emphasized to prevent misdiagnosis and avoid unnecessary or inappropriate therapies. The patient was followed up for 6 years. The recovery of chronic apical periodontitis in tooth #31 and the transformation of osteolytic and osteogenesis of COD had been observed in CBCT.
Catalase‐Based Air‐Cathode for Biocompatible Zinc–Air Battery
Authors: García‐Caballero Valentín , López‐León Miguel , Abad José , Mellado José M. Rodríguez , Giner‐Casares Juan J. , Romero Antonio J. Fernández , Cano Manuel 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe use of catalase (CAT) from bovine liver as an electrocatalyst in the air electrode of a primary zinc–air battery (ZAB) with neutral electrolyte (pH 7.4) is reported. First, the use of Nafion for immobilizing CAT onto electrode surface allowed to obtain long‐term stability of the catalytic activity of CAT. Besides, analysis of the CAT and CAT‐Nafion as catalysts for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) was carried out by linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) using a rotating ring‐disk electrode (RRDE), demonstrating a four‐electron ORR mechanism. Finally, CAT and CAT‐Nafion were tested as air electrodes in flooded ZAB and compared against human hemoglobin‐based ZAB. Our results demonstrated the significant influence of the protein coating of the heme groups on the ZAB performance, affecting greatly the discharge capacity and the power density.
Enhanced Electrocatalytic Capacity of Two POM@NH2‐MIL‐101(Fe) Composites for Oxygen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Huang Xiaoxue , Kang Hongji , Wang Huizhen , Zhang Daopeng , Yang Lu , Zhou Zhen 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe development and exploration of efficient bifunctional electrocatalysts for water splitting are in high demand and have garnered significant attention in recent years. Herein, by incorporating the advantages of catalytically active polyoxometalates (POMs) and structural stable metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), two POM@MOFs composite materials, Ni4Mo12@Fe and Co4Mo12@Fe, have been successfully prepared via the encapsulation of POMs anions, [MoV12O30(μ2‐OH)10H2{NiII4(H2O)12}]∙14H2O (noted as Ni4Mo12) and [MoV12O30(μ2‐OH)10 H2{CoII(H2O)3}4]∙12H2O (noted as Co4Mo12), into the cavities of MOFs NH2‐MIL‐101(Fe), respectively. Compared to each individual components, Ni4Mo12@Fe and Co4Mo12@Fe composites, as heterogeneous electrocatalysts, both showed enhanced electrocatalytic capacities for efficient oxygen evolution reaction (OER) under alkaline conditions with overpotentials of 332.64 mV for Ni4Mo12@Fe and 352.64 mV for Co4Mo12@Fe at 10 mA cm−2. Additionally, the enhanced electrocatalytic capacities of these two composites could also achieve towards hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Such a POMs‐assisted strategy for the formation of POM@MOFs composites, described here, paves a new avenue for the development of highly economical, active nonnoble metal bifunctional electrocatalysts for OER and HER.
Morphology‐Dependent Catalytic Activity of ZnFe2O4 Spinel Toward Light Olefins from Fischer–Tropsch Synthesis
Authors: Lu Qichao , Li Changxiao , Li Jie , Tang Qiong , Liu Lei , Dong Jinxiang 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe shape‐defined ZnFe2O4 spinel with cubic and octahedral morphology was hydrothermally synthesized, respectively, and used as catalyst precursor for Fischer–Tropsch synthesis (FTS). The structure of ZnFe2O4 spinel was changed to ZnO and Fe5C2 (Fe5C2/ZnO) after reduction and carbonization. Interestingly, ZnFe2O4 with cubic morphology exhibited much higher catalytic activity and selectivity toward low‐carbon olefins (C2–C4) than the octahedral one under identical conditions, and the latter tended to produce the saturated alkanes. The primary properties of ZnFe2O4 materials before and after reduction were systematically studied through a series of characteristic technologies to reveal the difference in catalytic performance between the two ZnFe2O4 spinels with different morphologies.
Recent Progress in Situ Application of H2O2 Produced via Catalytic Synthesis
Authors: Zhang Shuxin , Zeng Debin , Wang Hui , Tang Xiaolong , Jiang Yanbin , Yu Changlin 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIndustrial production of H2O2 requires lots of energy and causes environmental pollution. Moreover, in subsequent applications, much economic loss could be produced during the transportation process of H2O2 and its dilution process. Therefore, it is highly desirable for in situ application of H2O2. In recent years, catalytic synthesis of H2O2, e. g., direct catalytic synthesis, electrocatalytic synthesis, and photocatalytic synthesis, has attracted more and more attention because the continuous and low‐concentration H2O2 produced by catalytic synthesis can be directly used for the oxidation of organic compounds, effectively avoiding the shortcomings of the current industrial route. Here, we briefly reviewed the latest processes for the catalytic production of H2O2 via various routes. On this basis, we summarized and discussed the in situ application of H2O2 in typical organic conversion reactions, including the ammoximation of ketones, the oxidation of alcohols, the oxidation of C−H bonds, and the oxidation of olefins. Some in situ coupling reactions have shown excellent performance with high conversion and selectivity, and the economic cost has been significantly reduced. Finally, the shortcomings of the in situ utilization of H2O2 in coupling reactions were analyzed, and some strategies for promoting the efficiency of the H2O2 application in organic synthesis were proposed.
Cu(I)‐Catalyzed Silylation and Germylation of Azauracils
Authors: Mahato Frenki , Ghosh Asim Kumar , Hajra Alakananda 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe current study demonstrates a Cu(I) catalyzed direct C(sp2)−H silylation and germylation of azauracil using triphenylsilane and triphenylgermane. A broad scope, excellent functional group tolerance, and suitability for large‐scale reactions are exhibited in this protocol. Moreover, this method can be readily applied to structurally complex bioactive molecules. Experimental results suggest a radical mechanistic pathway for the reaction.
Direct Experimental Characterization of a Sialyl Cation
Authors: Dahlmann Franziska , Griesbach Caleb E. , Torres‐Boy América Y. , von Helden Gert , Peczuh Mark W. , Pagel Kevin , Greis Kim 
Published: November 2024

AbstractSialic acids are monosaccharide residues involved in several biological processes. Controlling the stereoselectivity of sialylation reactions is challenging and mechanistic studies on the structure of its intermediate, the sialyl cation, are scarce. Here it is shown that a sialyl cation can be generated and isolated from an ionized sialic acid precursor. This short‐lived species is structurally characterized for the first time using cryogenic infrared spectroscopy. In combination with quantum chemical calculations, the results reveal that the positive charge at the anomeric carbon of the sialyl cation is stabilized by remote participation of the C5‐NHAc group leading to the formation of a bridged structure. In this structure, the β‐side is shielded from nucleophilic attack, potentially explaining the α‐selectivity of this building block in SN1‐type sialylation reactions. Other modes of participation are energetically unfavored and cannot be observed experimentally.
PROTOCOL: Risk and protective factors for child sexual abuse and interventions against child sexual abuse: An umbrella review
Authors: Zych Izabela , Marín‐López Inmaculada 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis is the protocol for a Campbell Collaboration systematic review. Our objective is to conduct an umbrella review to synthesize published and unpublished systematic reviews focused on risk and protective factors for child sexual abuse and effectiveness of interventions against child sexual abuse perpetration and victimization. Specific research questions are: (i) what are the risk and protective factors for child sexual abuse victimization, and what are their relative strength and/or magnitude for predicting child sexual abuse victimization? (ii) what are the risk and protective factors for child sexual abuse perpetration, and what are their relative strength and/or magnitude for predicting child sexual abuse perpetration? (iii) are interventions aimed at reducing and/or preventing child sexual abuse effective? (iv) what are the moderators that increase or decrease effectiveness of the interventions? Efforts to decrease child sexual abuse need to be based on research, but more accessible evidence regarding the breadth of risk and protective factors and effectiveness of interventions to reduce child sexual abuse needs to be provided to policymakers. This will be the first umbrella review that comprehensively synthesizes findings of the previous systematic reviews that focus on risk and protective factors for child sexual abuse and interventions to prevent or reduce child sexual abuse. The results will be able to inform enhanced prevention policy and programs, and regulatory measures for specific contexts of child sexual abuse.
Quinoline‐ and Pyrimidine‐based Allosteric Modulators of the Sarco/Endoplasmic Reticulum Calcium ATPase
Authors: Paula Stefan , Jahani Farnaz , Almahmodi Dina , Sobota Sydni , Devaraja Shiffany , O'Brien Nicholas S. , Young Kelly A. , Prichard Kate , McCluskey Adam 
Published: November 2024

AbstractSmall‐molecule allosteric activators of the enzyme sarco/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase (SERCA) hold promise as novel experimental tools to manipulate intracellular calcium concentrations and as therapeutic agents to treat medical conditions associated with elevated cytosolic calcium levels. Here, we synthesized and characterized 20 analogs of the known allosteric SERCA activator CDN1163 and tested their ability to stimulate SERCA activity. The structures of the compounds varied in the alkyl group of the parent scaffold's ether moiety as well as in the composition of the nitrogenous aromatic ring system. The most active compounds exhibited potencies in the sub‐micromolar range while increasing enzyme activity by more than 25 %. The observed structure‐activity relationships indicated that bulky alkyl groups in the ether moiety along with a quinoline ring methyl substituent were beneficial for activity. Replacement of the quinoline by a pyrimidine ring system reduced activity. To conceive a potential mechanism of action, we generated a molecular model of the transition state of SERCA when undergoing the rate‐limiting step of its catalytic cycle. Subsequent blind docking with CDN1163 identified a high‐affinity binding site close to the enzyme's ATP binding pocket, suggesting that the activators may accelerate SERCA's catalytic cycle by aiding in ATP binding and positioning.
Revisiting the Exposed Surface Characteristics on the Stability and Photoelectric Properties of MAPbI3
Authors: Zhang Bingdong , Shi Ruiyang , Ma Hongke , Ma Kai , Gao Zhengyang , Li Hao 
Published: November 2024

AbstractCH3NH3PbI3 (MAPbI3), as a promising candidate of photovoltaic materials, has attracted extensive interests due to its excellent photoelectric properties and low preparation cost. However, the relationship between synthesis parameter and performance is still unclear due to the overlook of exposed surface characteristics, limiting the mass‐production and commercialization of MAPbI3. Therefore, it is necessary to clarify the stability and photoelectric properties of different exposed surfaces of MAPbI3 under humid environment. In this work, the stability and photoelectric properties of the MAI‐terminated and PbI2‐terminated of MAPbI3 (001) were thoroughly investigated using density functional theory calculation. To study the stability of exposed surface, adsorption energy of water molecules, ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD), mean square displacement (MSD) and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) were calculated. MSD of PbI2‐terminated surface is greater by two orders of magnitude compared to MAI‐terminated surface. For the photoelectric properties of MAPbI3, the bandgap, absorption coefficients, joint density of states (JDOS) and dielectric constants were investigated. The inhibitory effect of water on the photoelectric performance for PbI2‐terminated surface is more significant than that of MAI‐terminated surface. Although the photoelectric properties of water molecules adsorption on MAI‐terminated surface is basically unchanged, the diffusion of water molecules reduces the photoelectric properties of MAPbI3. Overall, the stability and photoelectric properties of MAI‐terminated surface are superior to PbI2‐terminated surface. Therefore, we strongly advocate paying attention to the exposed surface of MAPbI3 during the thin film production process and adjusting synthesis parameters to prepare MAI‐terminated surface dominated thin film, which should substantially improve the performance of MAPbI3 in the application.
Analysis of Tandem Repeats in Short‐Read Sequencing Data: From Genotyping Known Pathogenic Repeats to Discovering Novel Expansions
Authors: Halman Andreas , Lonsdale Andrew , Oshlack Alicia 
Published: November 2024

AbstractShort tandem repeats (STRs) and variable‐number tandem repeats (VNTRs) are repetitive genomic sequences seen widely throughout the genome. These repeat expansions are currently known to cause ∼60 diseases, with expansions in new loci linked to rare diseases continuing to be discovered. Genome sequencing is an important tool for detecting disease‐causing variants and several computational tools have been developed to analyze tandem repeats from genomic data, enabling the genotyping and the identification of expanded alleles. However, guidelines for conducting the analysis of these repeats and, more importantly, for assessing the findings are lacking. Understanding the tools and their technical limitations is important for accurately interpreting the results. This article provides detailed, step‐by‐step instructions for three key use cases in STR analysis from short‐read genome sequencing data, which are also applicable to smaller VNTRs. First, it demonstrates an approach for genotyping known pathogenic loci and the identification of clinically significant expansions. Second, we offer guidance on defining tandem repeat loci and conducting genome‐wide genotyping studies, which is also applicable to diploid organisms other than humans. Third, instructions are provided on how to find novel expansions at loci not previously known to be associated with disease, aiding in the discovery of new pathogenic loci. Moreover, we introduce the use of newly‐developed helper tools that enable a complete and streamlined tandem repeat analysis protocol by addressing the gaps in current methods. All three protocols are compatible with human hg19, hg38, and the latest telomere‐to‐telomere (hs1) reference genomes. Additionally, this protocol provides an overview and discussion on how to interpret genotyping results. © 2024 The Author(s). Current Protocols published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol 1: Genotyping known pathogenic tandem repeat lociAlternate Protocol: Genotyping known pathogenic tandem repeat loci with STRipySupport Protocol 1: Installation of tools and ExpansionHunter catalog modificationBasic Protocol 2: Performing genome‐wide genotyping of tandem repeatsBasic Protocol 3: Discovering de novo tandem repeat expansionsSupport Protocol 2: Compiling ExpansionHunter Denovo from source code and generating STR profiles