bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Baryon-dark matter scattering and first star formation
Authors: Hirano Shingo , Bromm Volker 
Published: July 2018

ABSTRACT
The recent detection of the sky-averaged 21-cm cosmological signal indicates a stronger absorption than the maximum allowed value based on the standard model. One explanation for the required colder primordial gas is the energy transfer between the baryon and dark matter (DM) fluids due to non-gravitational scattering. Here, we explore the thermal evolution of primordial gas, collapsing to form Population III (Pop III) stars, when this energy transfer is included. Performing a series of one-zone calculations, we find that the evolution results in stars more massive than in the standard model, provided that the DM is described by the best-fitting parameters inferred from the 21-cm observation. On the other hand, a significant part of the DM parameter space can be excluded by the requirement to form massive Pop III stars sufficiently early in cosmic history. Otherwise, the radiation background needed to bring about the strong Wouthuysen–Field coupling at $z$ ≳ 17, inferred to explain the 21-cm absorption feature, could not be built-up. Intriguingly, the independent constraint from the physics of first star formation at high densities points to a similarly narrow range in DM properties. This exploratory study has to be followed-up with self-consistent three-dimensional simulations for a more rigorous derivation.
Solar chemical composition in the hot gas of cool-core ellipticals, groups, and clusters of galaxies
Authors: Mernier F , Werner N , de Plaa J , Kaastra J S , Raassen A J J , Gu L , Mao J , Urdampilleta I , Simionescu A 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
The hot intracluster medium (ICM) pervading galaxy clusters and groups is rich in metals, which were synthesized by billions of supernovae and have accumulated in cluster gravitational wells for several gigayears. Since the products of both Type Ia and core-collapse supernovae – expected to explode over different time-scales – are found in the ICM, constraining accurately the chemical composition of these hot atmospheres can provide invaluable information on the history of the enrichment of large-scale structures. Recently, Hitomi observations reported solar abundance ratios in the core of the Perseus cluster, in tension with previous XMM–Newton measurements obtained for 44 cool-core clusters, groups, and massive ellipticals (the CHEERS sample). In this work, we revisit the CHEERS results by using an updated version of the spectral code used to fit the data (spexact v3), the same that was used to obtain the Hitomi measurements. Despite limitations in the spectral resolution, the average Cr/Fe and Ni/Fe ratios are now found to be remarkably consistent with unity and in excellent agreement with the Hitomi results. Our updated measurements suggest that the solar composition of the ICM of Perseus is a common feature in nearby cool-core systems.
Soluble urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor and incident end-stage renal disease in Chinese patients with chronic kidney disease
Authors: Lv Li , Wang Fang , Wu Liang , Wang Jin-Wei , Cui Zhao , Hayek Salim S , Wei Changli , Reiser Jochen , He Kevin , Zhang Luxia , Chen Min , Zhao Ming-Hui 
Published: July 2018

AbstractBackgroundSoluble urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR), a marker of immune activation, was shown to be associated with outcomes and kidney disease among various patient populations. The prognostic role of circulating suPAR levels in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) needs to be investigated in a cohort with large sample size of renal diseases.MethodsWe measured serum suPAR concentration in 2391 CKD patients in the multicenter Chinese Cohort Study of Chronic Kidney Disease, and investigated the association of serum suPAR with the prespecified endpoint event, end-stage renal disease (ESRD), using Cox proportional hazards regression model.ResultsAltogether, 407 ESRD events occurred during the median follow-up of 54.8 (interquartile range: 47.5–62.2) months. The higher levels of serum suPAR were independently associated with increased risk of incident ESRD after adjusting for potential confounders including the baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate categories, with the hazard ratios (HRs) of 1.53 [95% confidence intervals (CIs) 1.10–2.12] for the top tertile (≥3904 pg/mL) compared with the bottom tertile (&lt;2532 pg/mL). When stratified by the etiologies of CKD, among patients with glomerulonephritis (GN), serum suPAR levels were also independently associated with the higher risk of ESRD, with an HR of 1.61 (95% CI 1.03–2.53) in the top tertile compared with the bottom tertile.ConclusionsCirculating suPAR level was independently associated with an increased risk of progression to ESRD in Chinese CKD patients, especially in those with an etiology of GN.
Glioblastoma Treated With Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Guided Laser Interstitial Thermal Therapy: Safety, Efficacy, and Outcomes
Authors: Kamath Ashwin A , Friedman Daniel D , Akbari S Hassan A , Kim Albert H , Tao Yu , Luo Jinqin , Leuthardt Eric C 
Published: July 2018

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Despite the multitude of available treatments, glioblastoma (GBM) remains an aggressive and uniformly fatal tumor. Laser interstitial thermal therapy (LITT) is a novel, minimally invasive treatment that holds promise for treating patients with GBM who are not candidates for traditional open craniotomy. However, due to the recent introduction of LITT into clinical practice, large series that evaluate safety and long-term outcomes after LITT are lacking.

OBJECTIVE
To present our institution's series of over 50 GBM patients treated with LITT, with regard to safety, efficacy, and outcomes.

METHODS
We performed a retrospective descriptive study of patients with histologically proven GBM who underwent LITT. Data collected included demographics, tumor location and volume, tumor genetic markers, treatment volume, perioperative complications, and long-term follow-up data.

RESULTS
We performed 58 LITT treatments for GBM in 54 patients over 5.5 yr. Forty-one were recurrent tumors while 17 were frontline treatments. Forty GBMs were lobar in location, while 18 were in deep structures (thalamus, insula, corpus callosum). Average tumor volume was 12.5 ± 13.4 cm3. Average percentage of tumor treated with the yellow thermal damage threshold (TDT) line (dose equivalent of 43°C for 2 min) was 93.3% ± 10.6%, and with the blue TDT line (dose equivalent of 43°C for 10 min) was 88.0% ± 14.2%. There were 7 perioperative complications (12%) and 2 mortalities (3.4%). Median overall survival after LITT for the total cohort was 11.5 mo, and median progression-free survival 6.6 mo.

CONCLUSION
LITT appears to be a safe and effective treatment for GBM in properly selected patients.
Wisdom and Courage
Authors: Hack Laurita M 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Laurita M. (Laurie) Hack, DPT, PhD, MBA, FAPTA, has contributed to the physical therapy profession as an educator, researcher, and academic leader (Fig. 1).
Dr Hack is Professor Emeritus in the Department of Physical Therapy at Temple University in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. An independent consultant in physical therapy research and education, she also serves on the adjunct faculty in the Department of Physical Therapy at Arcadia University, Glenside, Pennsylvania. Dr Hack holds a BA from Wilmington College; an MS as the first professional degree in physical therapy from Case Western Reserve University; an MBA from the Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania; a PhD in higher education administration from the University of Pennsylvania; and a DPT from the MGH Institute of Health Professions.
Dr Hack has clinical experience in outpatient, nursing home, and home care practice, especially in geriatrics, and has taught in the areas of practice management, geriatrics, clinical decision making, evidence-based practice, ethics, and health care systems. Her research interests include development of clinical expertise, the physical therapy workforce, and physical therapy education. She is a coauthor of Expertise in Physical Therapy Practice and of Evidence Into Practice. She is a coinvestigator in the grant, Physical Therapist Education for the Twenty First Century (PTE-21): Innovation and Excellence in Physical Therapist Education.
Dr Hack has served the American Physical Therapy Association (APTA) as president of the Home, Health Section, the Health Policy & Administration Section, and the Education Section (now the Academy of Physical Therapy Education) and the Education Section (now the Academy of Physical Therapy Education), and as vice speaker and secretary of the APTA Board of Directors. Her APTA honors include being named a Catherine Worthingham Fellow of APTA, the Lucy Blair Service Award, and the Baethke-Carlin Award for Teaching Excellence.
Acute flaccid myelitis—Clustering of polio-like illness in the tertiary care centre in Southern India
Authors: Sarmast Syed N , Gowda Vykuntaraju K , Ahmed Maaz , GV Basvaraja , Saini Jitender , Benakappa Asha 
Published: July 2018

Abstract

Introduction
Acute flaccid myelitis (AFM) is characterized by limb weakness with spinal cord grey matter lesion on imaging or electrodiagnostic evidence of spinal cord motor neuron injury. This Poliomyelitis-like illness is rare in children, and its natural course is not yet well defined.

Purpose of the study
The purpose of the study was to report the clinical presentation, laboratory findings, management and outcome of children with AFM.

Materials and methods
This is a prospective case series study.

Results
Nine children met the case definition given by CDC. All cases presented with prodromal symptoms followed by acute onset asymmetrical limb weakness. Maximum weakness is reached within 4 days from the day of onset. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis shows that pleocytosis with viral markers for arboviruses and enteroviruses was negative. Electrophysiological study revealed decreased muscle action potential in all. MRI of the spinal cord showed predominantly grey matter involvement.

Conclusion
AFM should be one of the differential diagnoses in any child presenting with acute flaccid paralysis.
Low health literacy
Authors: Hickey Kathleen T. , Masterson Creber Ruth M. , Reading Meghan , Sciacca Robert R. , Riga Teresa C. , Frulla Ashton P. , Casida Jesus M. 
Published: July 2018

Abstract:
There are limited data on racial and ethnic disparities related to quality of life (QoL) and health literacy in adults with multiple cardiac conditions. This article evaluates the relationship between health literacy and QoL among patients with cardiac conditions in a multiethnic community in New York City.
CLINICAL PRESENTATIONS, DIAGNOSTIC DILEMMA, AND MANAGEMENT OUTCOMES OF CHRONIC POSTOPERATIVE ENDOPHTHALMITIS CAUSED BY STEPHANOASCUS CIFERRII
Authors: Dave Vivek Pravin , Sharma Savitri , Dave Prachi Jhala , Joseph Joveeta , Pappuru Rajeev Reddy 
Published: July 2018

Purpose:
To report the diagnosis and management of a series of chronic postoperative endophthalmitis caused by Stephanoascus ciferrii.

Methods:
This is a retrospective consecutive case series at a tertiary eye care institute. Case records of consecutive cases of chronic postoperative endophthalmitis caused by a novel fungus S. ciferrii were analyzed. The clinical presentations, microbiologic workup including microscopy, culture, antifungal susceptibility and polymerase chain reaction for fungal DNA of clinical samples, and the clinical management were noted. The cases underwent anterior chamber tap, vitreous biopsy, core vitrectomy, and intraocular lens explantation, and the management consisted of a combination of topical and systemic therapy and intravitreal injections of antimicrobial agents.

Results:
The report includes four eyes of four patients. All patients were diagnosed as chronic postcataract surgery endophthalmitis, and they showed variable levels of persistent low-grade intraocular inflammation till the intraocular lens was explanted. S. ciferrii (identified by the Vitek 2 compact system) was grown in culture from one or more of the clinical samples such as vitreous, anterior chamber fluid, capular bag, and intraocular lens. Fungal DNA was detected from vitreous in one case. One isolate tested for antifungal susceptibility was resistant to amphotericin B; however, the patient responded to treatment with the drug. Good clinical outcome was achieved in all patients.

Conclusion:
We describe successful treatment of endophthalmitis caused by S. ciferrii. A good response is obtained after pars plana vitrectomy and intraocular lens explantation.
Prevalence of chronic pain with or without neuropathic characteristics in France using the capture–recapture method: a population-based study
Authors: Chenaf Chouki , Delorme Jessica , Delage Noémie , Ardid Denis , Eschalier Alain , Authier Nicolas 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Capture–recapture methods are increasingly used to determine the prevalence of numerous chronic conditions but have never been used in the context of chronic pain (CP). This study sought to provide up-to-date estimates of the prevalence of people experiencing CP ± neuropathic characteristics in France using the capture–recapture method. In 2013 to 2015, 3 data sources were used: the French prescription drug database (D-list), the national hospital discharge database (H-list), and the French pain center database (P-list). Patients aged 18 years and older treated with analgesic drugs for ≥6 months (D-list) or with a diagnosis of CP ± neuropathic characteristics (H- and P-lists) were included. Two successive capture–recapture analyses were conducted, with log-linear regression for each analysis performed. A total of 63,557 and 9852 distinct cases of CP and chronic neuropathic pain were captured, respectively. The estimated prevalence of CP and chronic neuropathic pain in the adults ranged from 27.2% (95% confidence interval: 26.1-28.4) to 32.7% (26.0-43.3) and from 5.55% (2.89-19.0) to 7.30% (6.40-8.41), respectively. Most patients were female, median ages were 67 (55-80) and 63 (51-76) years for chronic and neuropathic pain, respectively. The analgesic drugs most frequently used in CP patients were paracetamol (62.1%), weak opioids (39.7%), and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (32.7%), whereas in neuropathic pain patients, anticonvulsants (45.3%), tricyclic antidepressants (18.1%), and serotonin–norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (13.3%) were more frequently used. This first electronic health record–based study on CP using the capture–recapture method revealed a high prevalence of CP, with a significant proportion of neuropathic pain patients.
Long-term changes in biopsychosocial characteristics related to temporomandibular disorder: findings from the OPPERA study
Authors: Fillingim Roger B. , Slade Gary D. , Greenspan Joel D. , Dubner Ronald , Maixner William , Bair Eric , Ohrbach Richard 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Painful temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) are both consequence and cause of change in multiple clinical, psychosocial, and biological factors. Although longitudinal studies have identified antecedent biopsychosocial factors that increase risk of the TMD onset and persistence, little is known about long-term change in those factors after TMD develops or remits. During a 7.6-year median follow-up period, we measured change in psychosocial characteristics, pain sensitivity, cardiovascular indicators of autonomic function, and clinical jaw function among 189 participants whose baseline chronic TMD status either persisted or remitted and 505 initially TMD-free participants, 83 of whom developed TMD. Among initially TMD-free participants who developed TMD, symptoms and pain sensitivity increased, whereas psychological function worsened. By contrast, participants with chronic TMD at baseline tended to show improved TMD symptoms, improved jaw function, reduced somatic symptoms, and increased positive affect. In general, clinical and psychosocial variables more frequently changed in parallel with TMD status compared with pain sensitivity and autonomic measures. These findings demonstrate a complex pattern of considerable changes in biopsychosocial function associated with changes in TMD status. In particular, several biopsychosocial parameters improved among participants with chronic TMD despite pain persisting for years, suggesting considerable potential for ongoing coping and adaptation in response to persistent pain.
Care Needs of Patients at the End of Life With a Noncancer Diagnosis Who Live at Home
Authors: LEE Jiwon , PARK Younghye , LIM Kyounjoo , LEE Ari , LEE Hanul , LEE Jong-Eun 
Published: July 2018

ABSTRACT

Background:
As the population ages, the prevalence of various chronic diseases increases. Palliative care for patients at the end of life with a noncancer diagnosis is currently limited because of the difficulties of demarcating the boundaries of the end-of-life care period and of determining the various care needs of patients at the end of life.

Purpose:
This study aimed to investigate the levels of importance and difficulty of the multidimensional care needs for patients with a noncancer diagnosis during various end-of-life stages.

Methods:
This study is a retrospective survey. Home healthcarenurse specialists (HHNS) reviewed medical and nursing records and responded to a structured questionnaire. The caring experiences of HHNS with 115 patients, who were 40 years or older, had received home care nursing throughout the stable (between the onset of the end-of-life stage and 1 week before death) and near-death (1 week before death) stages at Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital in Korea, and had died between September 1, 2014, and December 31, 2015, were analyzed.

Results:
The care needs of “coordination among family or relatives” and “support for fundamental needs” were more important in the stable stage than in the near-death stage. The care need of “loss, grief care” was more important in the near-death stage than in the stable stage. The care need of “physical symptoms management” was the most difficult to meet in both stages. Lower Palliative Performance Scale score was associated with a higher level of care need, particularly in the “management of physical symptoms” and “psychological support” realms in the stable stage and in the “coordination among family or relatives” realm in both stages.

Conclusions:
End-of-life stage and initial score on the Palliative Performance Scale were found to have a significant influence on the multidimensional care needs of patients with a noncancer diagnosis. Thus, healthcare professionals should assess patient care needs according to disease trajectory to provide continuous and holistic care.
Effective, recommended, underutilized: a review of the literature on barriers to adolescent usage of long-acting reversible contraceptive methods
Authors: Coles Chelsey B. , Shubkin Catherine D. 
Published: July 2018

Purpose of review
Teenage pregnancy rates in the United States remain at epidemic proportions. To help stem the tide of adolescent pregnancy, both the American Academy of Pediatrics and American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists have released policy statements that long-acting reversible contraceptives (LARC) be considered the first-line option for contraception in adolescents. Despite the recommendations and efficacy, LARCs are utilized by less than 5% of American teens. The purpose of this review is to elucidate the barriers to adolescent access to LARC, which are broken down into provider, patient, and cultural barriers.

Recent findings
Recent literature suggests that shortcomings in physician training in LARC method counseling and placement begin as early as medical school and are further augmented by the clinical cost and logistical difficulty of device placement. Patients experience barriers due to cost, confidential access, and perceptions or misconceptions about contraceptive options. Cultural barriers are derived from the absence of expectation for adolescents to pursue safe and effective contraceptive options, as well as the historical complications from intrauterine devices (IUDs) and implants.

Summary
These barriers have led to poor utilization of the most effective methods in preventing adolescent pregnancy. It is essential that pediatricians be up-to-date on the most current recommendations surrounding LARC to help negate barriers and provide the best care to adolescent patients.
Cardiac Surgery–Associated Kidney Injury in Children and Renal Oximetry
Authors: Joffe Rachel , Al Aklabi Mohammed , Bhattacharya Sudeshna , Cave Dominic , Calleja Thomas , Garros Daniel , Majesic Nicholas , Ryerson Lindsay , Morgan Catherine 
Published: July 2018

Objectives:
Cardiac surgery–associated acute kidney injury is common in children and associates with negative outcomes. Novel interventions to reduce cardiac surgery–associated acute kidney injury require knowledge of its pathophysiology. States of altered perfusion, oxygen delivery, and energy consumption occur during cardiopulmonary bypass and could protect against or contribute to renal cellular injury and recovery. Near-infrared spectroscopy is noninvasive technology for monitoring regional blood flow and tissue oxygenation. This study evaluated the relationship between renal regional oxygen saturation and cardiac surgery–associated acute kidney injury, using near-infrared spectroscopy monitoring before, during, and after cardiopulmonary bypass in children.

Design:
Prospective cohort study.

Setting:
Single-center, tertiary care pediatric hospital (Stollery Children’s Hospital, Edmonton, AB, Canada).

Patients:
Children less than or equal to 10 kg undergoing congenital heart disease repair with cardiopulmonary bypass. Heart transplant, preoperative dialysis, sepsis, extracorporeal life support, congenital renal disease, and preoperative nephrotoxins were exclusions.

Interventions:
Renal regional near-infrared spectroscopy monitoring before, during, and after cardiopulmonary bypass.

Measurements and Main Results:
Outcome measure was cardiac surgery–associated acute kidney injury (defined according to Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes criteria). Regional oxygen saturation was measured continuously using near-infrared spectroscopy (INVOS 5100C Cerebral/Somatic Oximeter; Medronic, Troy, MI) from time of anesthesia to time of transfer to intensive care. Cardiac surgery–associated acute kidney injury occurred in 65%. Lower baseline (precardiopulmonary bypass) regional oxygen saturation was associated with decreased risk of cardiac surgery–associated acute kidney injury (p = 0.01); children with baseline regional oxygen saturation in the highest tertile were 7.14 times more likely to get cardiac surgery– associated acute kidney injury (vs lowest tertile). Area under the curve for ability of baseline regional oxygen saturation to predict cardiac surgery–associated acute kidney injury was 0.73 (95% CI, 0.60–0.85). Children with lower baseline glomerular filtration rate had lower mean renal regional oxygen saturation.

Conclusions:
Findings demonstrate that preoperative oxygen supply/demand balance is an important predictor of cardiac surgery–associated acute kidney injury, suggesting lower preoperative (and intraoperative) renal blood flow may be protective. There is not yet a definite link between remote ischemic preconditioning and prevention of cardiac surgery–associated acute kidney injury; however, renal protective effects of sublethal ischemia should continue to be explored.