bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Static performance of the aerostatic journal bearing with grooves
Authors: Chen Xinglong , Mills James K , Bao Gang 
Published: September 2019

Aerostatic bearings are widely employed in precision machines due to their properties of low friction, low heat conduction, and long-life operation. In this work, static performance of the journal bearing with rectangular grooves is investigated numerically. The effect of geometrical parameters such as axial groove length [Formula: see text], circumferential groove length [Formula: see text], orifice diameter df, groove depth gh, misalignment angles [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] on the load capacity [Formula: see text], stiffness [Formula: see text], and gas flow rate [Formula: see text] are analyzed systematically. The resistance network method (RNM) is utilized to solve the Reynolds equation required in the analysis. Performance parameters including pressure distribution P, load force [Formula: see text], stiffness [Formula: see text], and gas flow rate [Formula: see text] are examined in the simulations. It is revealed from the simulations that the proper value of axial groove length [Formula: see text] to obtain a better static performance varies from 1/8 to 1/2 when df varies between 0.11 and 0.29 mm, respectively. Therefore, a larger load force and stiffness can be obtained if [Formula: see text] is chosen to be 1/4, when diameter of the bearing orifice df equals 0.17 mm. It is also suggested that [Formula: see text] be chosen from the range of 1/6 and 1/3 to obtain a better static performance and a smaller gas flow rate. [Formula: see text] decreases with an increase in df when [Formula: see text] is set to be 1/8. However, the load force [Formula: see text] increases with an increase in df when [Formula: see text] varies from 3/8 to 1/2. [Formula: see text] has a significant influence on the changes of [Formula: see text] with df when [Formula: see text] is set to be constant. Therefore, df should be selected according to [Formula: see text] for an optimal design. The increase of misalignment angle [Formula: see text] leads to an increase in the load force [Formula: see text]. [Formula: see text] has little influence on the load force [Formula: see text]. Misalignment angles [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] have little influence on stiffness [Formula: see text] and gas flow rate [Formula: see text]. Therefore, it is preferable if [Formula: see text] is larger than 0 rad.
Effect of Zileuton Treatment on Sinonasal Quality of Life in Patients with Aspirin-Exacerbated Respiratory Disease
Authors: Lee Saangyoung E. , Farquhar Douglas R. , Adams Katherine N. , Masood Maheer M. , Senior Brent A. , Thorp Brian D. , Zanation Adam M. , Ebert Charles S. 
Published: September 2019

Background Aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD) is a subtype of chronic sinusitis comprised of asthma, chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps, and a non-IgE hypersensitivity to cyclooxygenase-1 inhibitors. AERD is typically refractory to medical and often surgical management and causes significant quality-of-life concerns for patients. Objective This study aimed to retrospectively assess the rhinologic disease-specific outcomes as well as quality-of-life metrics in a cohort of AERD patients who medically manage their condition with zileuton, a 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor. Methods Retrospective review of 45 patients at a tertiary care center with diagnosis of AERD who underwent functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) with at least 6 months of pre- and postoperative clinical data were included in the study. Zileuton cohort chosen based on intention-to-treat after initial FESS. Background data collected included patient demographics, surgery information, and zileuton initiation dates. Zileuton and control cohorts were followed for 2.8 and 2.4 years, respectively. Outcomes measured were rhinosinusitis disability index (RSDI) scores, antibiotics use, corticosteroid use, otolaryngology visits, and time to revision surgery. Results RSDI scores, antibiotics use, corticosteroid use, otolaryngology visits, and time to revision surgery had no statistically significant difference between cohorts. However, those taking zileuton tended to undergo fewer revision surgeries during the study. Conclusion Zileuton therapy for AERD patients shows no statistical benefit for rhinologic quality-of-life symptoms but may be useful in diminishing frequency of surgical intervention. In addition, pulmonary symptoms may be improved by treatment but were not assessed. Future study is warranted.
Early vedolizumab trough levels predict treatment persistence over the first year in inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Guidi Luisa , Pugliese Daniela , Tonucci Tommaso Panici , Bertani Lorenzo , Costa Francesco , Privitera Giuseppe , Tolusso Barbara , Di Mario Clara , Albano Eleonora , Tapete Gherardo , Gremese Elisa , Papa Alfredo , Gasbarrini Antonio , Rapaccini Gian Ludovico , Armuzzi Alessandro 
Published: September 2019

BackgroundData from trials of vedolizumab for inflammatory bowel disease and from real‐world studies suggest an exposure‐response relationship, such that vedolizumab trough levels may predict clinical and endoscopic outcomes.ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to evaluate in a prospective observational study the utility of an early vedolizumab trough level assay for predicting the first‐year vedolizumab therapy outcome.MethodsThis prospective observational study included consecutive inflammatory bowel disease patients. We measured vedolizumab trough levels and anti‐vedolizumab antibodies at weeks 6 and 14. Clinical outcome was assessed at weeks 6, 14, 22 and 54. The primary endpoint was the correlation between early vedolizumab trough levels and vedolizumab persistence over the first year of treatment, defined as the maintenance of vedolizumab therapy due to sustained clinical benefit.ResultsWe included 101 patients initiating vedolizumab. A cut‐off vedolizumab trough level of 16.55 µg/ml at week 14 predicted vedolizumab persistence within the first year of therapy, with 73.3% sensitivity and 59.4% specificity (p = 0.0009). Week 14 vedolizumab trough level was significantly higher in patients with clinical remission at weeks 14, 22 and 54; and in patients achieving mucosal healing within 54 weeks.ConclusionHigh vedolizumab trough level at week 14 was associated with a higher probability of maintaining vedolizumab therapy over the first year due to sustained clinical benefit.
Distribution of the feline lungworm Aelurostrongylus abstrusus in the USA based on fecal testing
Authors: Carruth Ariel J , Buch Jesse S , Braff Jennifer C , Chandrashekar Ramaswamy , Bowman Dwight D 
Published: September 2019

Objectives The aim of this study was to compile commercial reference laboratory data over a 10-year period to determine the distribution of Aelurostrongylus abstrusus, commonly known as feline lungworm, within the USA based on widespread fecal testing in cats. Methods The results of 3,610,455 feline ova and parasite (O&P) zinc sulfate centrifugation fecal flotation tests performed at IDEXX Reference Laboratories in the USA from January 2008 to December 2017 were compiled and sorted for tests positive for A abstrusus larvae. The results of 3625 Baermann tests, currently considered the gold standard diagnostic for feline lungworm, were also retrieved from the same period. Results Of the tests performed, 4721 (0.13%) feline O&P zinc sulfate centrifugation fecal flotation tests and 75 (2.07%) of the Baermann tests conducted were positive for the presence of A abstrusus larvae. The O&P data revealed a significant association between infection status and sex, while male cats in both the O&P and Baermann data sets had a higher risk of A abstrusus infection than females. Significant variation in positive rates were observed by region and most positive cases were clustered in the Northeast, Midwest and West regions of the USA. Conclusions and relevance This study highlights the distribution of feline lungworm in the USA and the limitations of using current testing to diagnose this infection. The introduction of higher throughput, less labor-intensive diagnostic methods could help increase awareness of this parasite among veterinary professionals, achieve a greater understanding of epidemiological factors, and improve the care and treatment for clinically ill feline patients.
Use of a Retrospective Methodology to Examine the Process of Care Surrounding Serious Medical Events in HIV-Positive Patients: A Feasibility Study
Authors: Pool Erica R M , Cooper Vanessa , Youssef Elaney , Wright Juliet , Skittrall Jordan , Blach Ola , Fisher Martin , Smith Helen 
Published: September 2019

Introduction: Comorbidities are increasingly common among people living with HIV (PLWH) as they age. There is no evidence regarding models of care. We aimed to assess feasibility of a novel methodology to investigate care processes for serious medical events in PLWH. Method: The method was based on the National Confidential Enquiry into Patient Outcome and Death (NCEPOD). Data were extracted from medical records and questionnaires completed by general practitioners (GPs), HIV physicians, and non-HIV specialist physicians. A panel reviewed anonymized cases and gave feedback on the review process. Results: Eleven of 13 patients consented to the study. Questionnaires were completed by 64% of HIV physicians, 67% of non-HIV specialist physicians, and 55% of GPs. The independent review panel (IRP) advised improvement in the methodology including data presentation and timing. Conclusion: This method was acceptable to patients and secondary care physicians. Further work is needed to the improve GP responses and facilitate IRP.
Anatomic Augmented Glenoid Implants for the Management of the B2 Glenoid
Authors: Friedman Lisa GM , Garrigues Grant E 
Published: September 2019

The B2 glenoid is defined by Walch et al. as a glenoid that is biconcave with posterior erosion accompanied by posterior humeral head subluxation. This creates unique challenges for the treating orthopedic surgeon. Bone loss, excessive retroversion, and posterior subluxation make anatomic shoulder arthroplasty in this setting fraught with increased complications, including instability, glenoid component loosening, and poor clinical outcomes. Many techniques have been devised to treat the arthritic shoulder with a B2 glenoid, including hemiarthroplasty, total shoulder arthroplasty using eccentric reaming, bone grafting and custom implantation, and reverse total shoulder arthroplasty. In this review, we will focus on anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty using augmented glenoid implants to treat the B2 glenoid. Indications, clinical results, and basic science analyses of augmented anatomic glenoids are also discussed.
Batch automated image processing of 2D seismic data for salt discrimination and basin-wide mapping
Authors: Morris Scott , Li Shuang , Dupont Tony , Grace John D. 
Published: September 2019

We have explored the technical utility of analyzing massive sets of digital 2D seismic data, collected and processed in dozens of different surveys, conducted more than 25 years ago, using batch, automated and unsupervised pattern recognition techniques to produce a basin-wide map of the top of salt. This workflow was developed for the United States portion of the Gulf of Mexico to detect top-salt boundaries on 2D poststack migrated lines. Texture-based attributes as well as novel, reflector-based attributes were used to discriminate between salt and nonsalt on each seismic line. Explicit measures of accuracy were not calculated because the data are unlabeled, but an assessment of confidence was used to score the boundaries. The depth to the top of the salt was estimated for more than 67% of the study area ([Formula: see text] or [Formula: see text]), 17% of the study area had insufficient data for processing and analysis, and 16% of the area did not meet confidence requirements for inclusion. The final results compared well with published maps of salt and the locations of salt-trapped fields. Reliable mapping of salt deeper than 6 s two-way time could not be achieved with this data set and approach because many seismic images had indistinguishable features at this depth. The computing time was greater than linear in the number of lines, but parallelization and changes in hardware configuration could reduce the run time of about three weeks to about three days.
Meet West Africa deep exploration challenge with geomorphology and targeted amplitude variation with offset inversion
Authors: Xu Ellen Xiaoxia , Jin Yu , Coyle Sarah , Tiwary Dileep , Posamentier Henry , Royle Andrew , Zhang Zhao 
Published: September 2019

Seismic amplitude has played a critical role in the exploration and exploitation of hydrocarbon in West Africa. Class 3 and 2 amplitude variation with offset (AVO) was extensively used as a direct hydrocarbon indicator and reservoir prediction tool in Neogene assets. As exploration advanced to deeper targets with class 1 AVO seismic character, the usage of seismic amplitude for reservoir presence and quality prediction became challenged. To overcome this obstacle, (1) we used seismic geomorphology to infer reservoir presence and precisely target geophysical analysis on reservoir prone intervals, (2) we applied rigorous prestack data preparation to ensure the accuracy and precision of AVO simultaneous inversion for reservoir quality prediction, and (3) we used lateral statistic method to sum up AVO behavior in regions of contrasts to infer reservoir quality changes. We have evaluated a case study in which the use of the above three techniques resulted in confident prediction of reservoir presence and quality. Our results reduced the uncertainty around the biggest risk element in reservoir among the source, charge, and trap mechanism in the prospecting area. This work ultimately made a significant contribution toward a confident resource booking.
Significance of Asymptomatic Tendon Pathology in Athletes
Authors: Splittgerber Lauren E. , Ihm Joseph M. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Symptomatic tendinopathy can be a disabling condition for athletes. Common sites of tendinopathy in athletes include the rotator cuff (RTC), Achilles, and patellar tendons. Advanced imaging modalities, such as magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasound occasionally identify tendinopathic changes in asymptomatic individuals. Such asymptomatic changes have been documented in the RTC, Achilles, and patellar tendons of athletes. In the RTC, tendinopathy, partial-, and full-thickness tears have been demonstrated in asymptomatic athletes, though only small numbers of these athletes may develop symptoms despite prolonged periods of ongoing, competitive play. In the Achilles and patellar tendons, neovascularization, hypoechogenicity, and tendon thickening are commonly noted findings in asymptomatic athletes, and though all have been associated with tendon pain in the literature, there is some inconsistency as to which are the strongest predictors of future tendon pain. Evidence on how best to address or intervene upon such asymptomatic changes is limited.
Rehabilitation and Prehabilitation for Upper Extremity in Throwing Sports: Emphasis on Lacrosse
Authors: Vincent Heather K. , Vincent Kevin R. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Lacrosse imposes multiple simultaneous physical demands during play including throwing and catching a ball while holding a crosse, running, cutting, and jumping. Often, these skills are completed while experiencing contact from another player leading to both on-and-off platform movements. Other motions include defensive blocking and pushing past defenders. Repetitive motions over sustained durations in practice or competition impart mechanical stresses to the shoulder or elbow joints, supportive muscles, and connective tissue. Preparation for lacrosse participation involves bilateral optimization of strength and durability of stabilizer muscles. Passing and shooting skills are encouraged to be equally effective on both sides; therefore, symmetric strength and flexibility are vital for prehabilitation and rehabilitation efforts. This article will: 1) provide insights on the upper-extremity musculoskeletal demands of lacrosse and related sports with similar throwing motion and 2) describe prehabilitation and rehabilitation methods that improve athlete durability and reduce likelihood of upper-extremity injury.
Pelvic Floor Dysfunction in Female Athletes: Is Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport a Risk Factor?
Authors: Rebullido Tamara Rial , Stracciolini Andrea 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Due to the unique demands of sport participation on the body, female athletes are at increased risk for pelvic floor dysfunction (PFD) and relative energy deficiency in sport (RED-S). A high number of female athletes suffer from PFD, especially urinary incontinence. Several biomechanical and physiological risk factors may play a role in the development of PFD in female athletes. RED-S has been shown to be associated with PFD. The goal of this commentary is to discuss RED-S as a risk factor for PFD and propose a mechanism for this relationship.
Effects of Physical Activity, Exercise, and Fitness on Obesity-Related Morbidity and Mortality
Authors: Lavie Carl J. , Carbone Salvatore , Kachur Sergey , O'Keefe Evan L. , Elagizi Andrew 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Obesity is associated with increased prevalence of cardiovascular (CV) disease (CVD) risk factors, which may adversely impact CV structure and function and may increase the prevalence of most CVD, particularly heart failure (HF) and coronary heart disease (CHD). Physical activity (PA), exercise training (ET) and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) are all associated with marked reductions in most CVD, including HF and CHD. Additionally, PA/ET and, especially CRF, markedly alter the relationship between adiposity and subsequent major CVD outcomes and dramatically impact the “obesity paradox,” which are all reviewed, including attention to the debate regarding “fitness versus fatness” for long-term prognosis, including in patients with established CVD.
Predicting the chances of live birth for couples undergoing IVF-ICSI: a novel instrument to advise patients and physicians before treatment
Authors: Estácio da Veiga Bruna , Tavares Duarte Pedro , Metello José Luis , Ferreira Fernando , Ferreira Pedro , Fonseca José Manuel 
Published: September 2019

Background: In developed countries, the prevalence of infertility ranges from 3.5% to 16.7%. Therefore, the number of in vitro fertilization technique (IVF) and its subtype intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) treatments has been significantly increasing across Europe. Several factors affect the success rate of in vitro treatments, which can be used to calculate the probability of success for each couple. As these treatments are complicated and expensive with a variable probability of success, the most common question asked by IVF patients is ‘‘What are my chances of conceiving?”. The main aim of this study is to develop a validated model that estimates the chance of a live birth before they start their IVF non-donor cycle. Methods: A logistic regression model was developed based on the retrospective study of 737 IVF cycles. Each couple was characterized by 14 variables (woman’s and man’s age, duration of infertility, cause of infertility, woman’s and man’s body mass index (BMI), anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), antral follicle count (AFC), woman’s and man’s ethnicity, woman’s and man’s smoking status and woman’s and man’s previous live children) and described with the outcome of the treatment "Live birth" or "No live birth". Results: The model results showed that from the 14 variables acquired before starting the IVF procedures, only male factor, man’s BMI, man's mixed ethnicity and level of AMH were statistically significant. The interactions between infertility duration and woman’s age, infertility duration and man’s BMI, AFC and AMH, AFC and woman’s age, AFC and woman’s BMI and AFC and disovulation were also statistically significant. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) curve test for the discriminatory ability of the final prediction model is 0.700 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.660–0.741). Conclusions: This model might result in a new validated decision support system to help physicians to manage couples’ expectations.
Understanding reproductive health challenges during a flood: insights from Belkuchi Upazila, Bangladesh
Authors: Ray-Bennett Nibedita S. , Corsel Denise M. J. , Goswami Nimisha , Ghosh Aditi 
Published: September 2019

Background: Bangladesh is exposed to natural hazards such as floods, cyclones and droughts. As such, its health systems and health infrastructure are exposed to recurrent disasters. Research studying the impacts of natural disasters on reproductive health in particular is lacking. This research contributes to this knowledge gap by studying the challenges related to menstrual regulation and post-abortion care at both the facility and community levels, and the care-seeking patterns of pregnant women during the 2016 flood in Belkuchi, Bangladesh. Methods: Six government-run primary health care facilities were assessed using a structured assessment tool prior to the flood of 2016. In total, 370 structured interviews were conducted with women in three unions of Belkuchi (Belkuchi Sadar, Daulatpur and Bhangabari) 4 months after the 2016 flood. Results: The main challenges at the facility level are a lack of services and a shortage of medicines, equipment and trained health workers. The main challenges at the community level are displacement, high rates of self-diagnosed spontaneous abortion and a lack of treatment for post-abortion complications. A majority of the interviewed women (48%) sought menstrual regulation from the residence of a nurse or family welfare visitor. In total, 73.2% of the women who experienced post-abortion complications sought medical care. Conclusion: To overcome the challenges at the facility level, it is important to construct flood-resistant health infrastructure and train health workers in menstrual regulation and post-abortion care, so that these services can be made available during a flood. At the community level, more research is required to understand the reasons for spontaneous abortions so that these, and the subsequent chronic conditions/complications women experience, may be avoided. Context specific interventions that can overcome local challenges (both at the community and facility levels) are required to promote disaster resilience at primary health care facilities.