bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Subordinate Resolution ‐‐ An Empirical Analysis of European Union Subsidiary Banks
Authors: Conlon Thomas , Cotter John 
Published: February 2019

AbstractTo help curtail future sovereign exposures to banking losses, the European Union (EU) introduced the Bank Resolution and Recovery Directive, which mandates bail‐in of creditors in the event of significant bank losses. In this article, we examine the impact of resolution on subsidiary banks, notable in terms of their substantial role throughout the EU. Significant differences in risk and funding characteristics are apparent between domestic and cross‐border European bank subsidiaries. Subsidiary banks are found to possess a larger proportion of loss absorbing capacity than underlying parent banks. Results indicate the suitability of single point of entry resolution in the case of domestic subsidiaries and multiple points of entry resolution for cross‐border subsidiaries. Our findings highlight a worrying decline in loss absorbing capacity in European banks more generally since 2006, pointing to a necessary future focus on broad capital thresholds to ensure the success of the resolution model.
Chronic periodontitis and reduced respiratory function
Authors: Winning Lewis , Patterson Christopher C. , Cullen Kathy M. , Kee Frank , Linden Gerard J. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate whether there was an association between chronic periodontitis (CP) and reduced respiratory function.MethodsA group of dentate 58‐ to 72‐year‐old men in Northern Ireland had a comprehensive periodontal examination. Parallel to the periodontal examination, participants completed questionnaires gathering information on their medical history, social circumstances, demographic background and tobacco use. A physical examination assessed anthropometric measures. Fasting blood samples were obtained and analysed for high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein (hs‐CRP). Spirometry measures were performed using a wedge bellows spirometer (Vitalograph S Model). The primary outcome variable of interest was the percentage predicted forced expiratory volume in one‐second (% predictedFEV1). Analysis included multiple linear regression with adjustment for various confounders and a regression‐based mediation analysis.ResultsA total of 1,380 men were included in the analysis. The mean age was 63.7 years (SD3.0). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that a doubling in mean clinical attachment loss (CAL) equated to a −3.33% (95%CI: −4.80, −1.86),p < 0.001 change in % predictedFEV1after adjustment for all other potential confounding variables. Systemic inflammation, as measured by hs‐CRP, only accounted for a minor mediating pathway effect (9%).ConclusionsIn this homogenous group of dentate men, CP was significantly associated with a reduced respiratory function.
Variable response to low‐dose naltrexone in patients with Darier disease: a case series
Authors: Boehmer D. , Eyerich K. , Darsow U. , Biedermann T. , Zink A. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractBackgroundDarier disease is a rare autosomal‐dominant genodermatosis with a loss of function of a Ca2+‐ATPase pump (SERCA2‐pump). Clinically, the disease is characterized by red–brown keratotic papules mainly in seborrhoeic areas and has only limited and unsatisfactory treatment options. Previously, low‐dose naltrexone was described as a successful treatment option in Hailey–Hailey disease, a genodermatosis with a genetic mutation coding for a similar loss of function of a Ca2+‐ATPase pump (hSPCA1‐pump).ObjectiveTo assess the efficacy of low‐dose naltrexone as a treatment option in Darier disease.MethodsSix patients with biopsy‐proven Darier disease (four had severe, one had moderate and one mild clinical manifestations). The patients received off‐label therapy with naltrexone [5 mg per os (p.o.)] and magnesium [200 mg p.o.]. Patients were followed up every 4 weeks for minimally 12 weeks. Upon clinical presentation, the disease severity and subjective pain and itch scores were assessed, and standardized photographs were obtained.ResultsThe clinical response to naltrexone varied after 12 weeks. The four patients with severe Darier disease showed worsening after initial improvement during the first 4 weeks, whereas the two patients with a mild to moderate clinical manifestation clearly improved, showing almost full remission after 12 weeks with complete flattening of the keratotic papules.ConclusionLow‐dose naltrexone did not have an effect on severe Darier disease compared to Hailey–Hailey disease, but it was beneficial in mild to moderate forms of the disease. Further studies are needed to confirm these observations of variable responses.
Application of deep brief network in transmission spectroscopy detection of pesticide residues in lettuce leaves
Authors: Wu Minmin , Sun Jun , Lu Bing , Ge Xiao , Zhou Xin , Zou Mengli 
Published: February 2019

AbstractTo realize the quick, nondestructive detection of pesticide residues in lettuce leaves, a new method based on deep brief network (DBN) combined with near‐infrared transmission spectroscopy, was studied in this article. Two kinds of pesticide residues (fenvalerate and triazoline) and distilled water were sprayed on the surface of lettuce leaves, respectively. In addition, near infrared transmission spectroscopy was used for collecting spectral data of 240 lettuce samples. Furthermore, Savitzky–Golay combined with multiplicative scatter correction was used to denoise the raw spectral data. Then, after preprocessing spectral data, DBN was used to extract features and identify kinds of pesticide residues in lettuce leaves. Moreover，successive projection algorithm (SPA) was used to select characteristic wavelengths. After all, support vector machine (SVM), PLS‐DA, and k‐nearest neighbor were carried out to establish classification models based on full spectral data, data extracted by DBN and data extracted by SPA. Consequently, DBN–SVM performed best and the accuracy of training set and test set reached 98.89 and 95.00%, respectively. Hence, the method of near infrared transmission spectroscopy combined with DBN–SVM is practical for the qualitative analysis of pesticide residues in lettuce leaves.Practical applicationsUsing near infrared spectroscopy could detect the kinds of pesticide residues in lettuce leaves quickly and effectively. A new method involving deep brief network (DBN) was proposed to extract the features of spectral data. Results in this study showed that the DBN is feasible and effective for building classification models of different pesticide residues.
Endogenous transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 and vanilloid 1 activity potentiates glutamatergic input to spinal lamina I neurons in inflammatory pain
Authors: Huang Yuying , Chen Shao‐Rui , Chen Hong , Pan Hui‐Lin 
Published: February 2019

AbstractInflammatory pain is associated with peripheral and central sensitization, but the underlying synaptic plasticity at the spinal cord level is poorly understood. Transient receptor potential (TRP) channels expressed at peripheral nerve endings, including TRP subtypes ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) and vanilloid 1 (TRPV1), can detect nociceptive stimuli. In this study, we determined the contribution of presynaptic TRPA1 and TRPV1 at the spinal cord level to regulating nociceptive drive in chronic inflammatory pain induced by complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) in rats. CFA treatment caused a large increase in the frequency of spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic currents (EPSCs) in lamina I, but not lamina II outer zone, dorsal horn neurons. However, blocking NMDA receptors had no effect on spontaneous EPSCs in lamina I neurons of CFA‐treated rats. Application of a specific TRPA1 antagonist, AM‐0902, or of a specific TRPV1 antagonist, 5′‐iodoresiniferatoxin, significantly attenuated the elevated frequency of spontaneous EPSCs and miniature EPSCs, the amplitude of monosynaptic EPSCs evoked from the dorsal root in lamina I neurons of CFA‐treated rats. AM‐0902 and 5′‐iodoresiniferatoxin had no effect on evoked or miniature EPSCs in lamina I neurons of vehicle‐treated rats. In addition, intrathecal injection of AM‐0902 or 5′‐iodoresiniferatoxin significantly reduced pain hypersensitivity in CFA‐treated rats but had no effect on acute nociception in vehicle‐treated rats. Therefore, unlike neuropathic pain, chronic inflammatory pain is associated with NMDA receptor–independent potentiation in glutamatergic drive to spinal lamina I neurons. Endogenous presynaptic TRPA1 and TRPV1 activity at the spinal level contributes to increased nociceptive input from primary sensory nerves to dorsal horn neurons in inflammatory pain.Open science badgesThis article has received a badge for *Open Materials* because it provided all relevant information to reproduce the study in the manuscript. The complete Open Science Disclosure form for this article can be found at the end of the article. More information about the Open Practices badges can be found at https://cos.io/our-services/open-science-badges/.
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Short‐ and long‐term responsiveness to low dose growth hormone (GH) in adult GH deficiency: Role of GH receptor polymorphism
Authors: Bianchi Antonio , Giampietro Antonella , Tartaglione Linda , Chiloiro Sabrina , Gentilella Raffaella , Bima Chiara , Anile Carmelo , Olivi Alessandro , Pontecorvi Alfredo , De Marinis Laura 
Published: February 2019

In patients with growth hormone (GH) deficiency (GHD), low doses of recombinant human GH (rhGH) have a similar or better long‐term clinical effect than higher doses. Pharmacogenetic studies suggest that GH receptor (GHR) polymorphism only influences some metabolic parameters. Nonetheless, there is no clear scientific evidence proving the effects of lower rhGH dose regimens on metabolic parameters. The aim of our prospective study was to evaluate the effects of GHR polymorphism in adult GHD patients treated with low rhGH dose during short‐ (6 and 12 months) and long‐term (5 years) follow‐up. Sixty‐nine GHD adult patients were studied, before and during treatment with rhGH, using a standardised low‐dose protocol calculated on the basis of body weight (0.01‐0.03 mg kg‐1 week‐1) and monitored by an insulin‐like growth factor (IGF)‐I plasma assay, as well as anthropometric and metabolic parameters. The GHR genotype (flfl, fld3 or d3d3) was determined from the peripheral blood. d3‐GHR carriers showed a more effective short‐ and long‐term response to low rhGH dose with respect to low‐density lipoprotein reduction, body composition and blood pressure (homozygous patients only); d3‐GHR homozygosity is related to a significant IGF‐I increase during short‐term follow‐up. Regression analysis demonstrated that rhGH dose, age at diagnosis and GHR genotype are the major determinants of IGF‐I increase at 6 and 12 months of replacement therapy. The d3d3‐GHR genotype may influence some metabolic effects during the short‐ and long‐term follow‐up of low rhGH dose and could be an independent determinant of the increase of IGF‐ I during short‐term follow‐up.
A novel pathogenic variant of NEFL responsible for deafness associated with peripheral neuropathy discovered through next‐generation sequencing and review of the literature
Authors: Lerat Justine , Magdelaine Corinne , Beauvais‐Dzugan Hélène , Espil Caroline , Ghorab Karima , Latour Philippe , Derouault Paco , Sturtz Franck , Lia Anne‐Sophie 
Published: February 2019

Neurofilaments are neuron‐specific intermediate filaments essential for the radial growth of axons during development and the maintenance of axonal diameter. Pathogenic variants of Neurofilament Light (NEFL) are associated with CMT1F, CMT2E, and CMTDIG and have been observed in less than 1% of Charcot‐Marie‐Tooth (CMT) cases, resulting in the reporting of 35 variants in 173 CMT patients to date. However, only six variants have been reported in 17 patients with impaired hearing. No genotype‐phenotype correlations have yet been established.Here, we report an additional case: a 69‐year‐old female, who originally presented with axonal sensory and motor neuropathy at the age of 45, associated with moderate sensorineural hearing loss, with a slight slope at high frequencies. Next‐generation sequencing identified a novel pathogenic variant: c.269A > G, p.(Glu90Gly).Hearing impairment is often linked to CMT due to pathogenic variants of NEFL, especially p.(Glu90Lys) and p.(Asn98Ser), and in our case p.(Glu90Gly). These pathogenic variants are all located at hot spots, in the head domain and the two ends of the rod domain of the protein.
Quality of care assessment for people with multimorbidity
Authors: Valderas J. M. , Gangannagaripalli J. , Nolte E. , Boyd C. M. , Roland M. , Sarria‐Santamera A. , Jones E. , Rijken M. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractMultimorbidity, the simultaneous presence of multiple health conditions in an individual, is an increasingly common phenomenon globally. The systematic assessment of the quality of care delivered to people with multimorbidity will be key to informing the organization of services for meeting their complex needs. Yet, current assessments tend to focus on single conditions and do not capture the complex processes that are required for providing care for people with multimorbidity. We conducted a scoping review on quality of care and multimorbidity in selected databases in June 2018 and identified 87 documents as eligible for review, predominantly original research and reviews from North America, Europe and Australasia and mostly frequently related to primary care settings. We synthesized data qualitatively in terms of perceived challenges, evidence and proposed metrics. Findings reveal that the association between quality of care and multimorbidity is complex and depends on the conditions involved (quality appears to be higher for those with concordant conditions, and lower in the presence of discordant conditions) and the approach used for measuring quality (quality appears to be higher in people with multimorbidity when measured using condition/drug‐specific process or intermediate outcome indicators, and worse when using patient‐centred reports of experiences of care). People with discordant multimorbidity may be disadvantaged by current approaches to quality assessment, particularly when they are linked to financial incentives. A better understanding of models of care that best meet the needs of this group is needed for developing appropriate quality assessment frameworks. Capturing patient preferences and values and incorporate patients’ voices in the form of patient‐reported experiences and outcomes of care will be critical towards the achievement of high‐performing health systems that are responsive to the needs of people with multimorbidity.
Plasma levels of melatonin in dilated cardiomyopathy
Authors: Misaka Tomofumi , Yoshihisa Akiomi , Yokokawa Tetsuro , Sato Takamasa , Oikawa Masayoshi , Kobayashi Atsushi , Yamaki Takayoshi , Sugimoto Koichi , Kunii Hiroyuki , Nakazato Kazuhiko , Takeishi Yasuchika 
Published: February 2019

AbstractBackgroundMelatonin is a multifunctional indolamine and has a cardioprotective role in a variety of cardiovascular processes via antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory, antihypertensive, antithrombotic, and antilipemic effects. It has been reported that lower levels of circulating melatonin are significantly associated with a higher risk of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and later cardiac remodeling. However, levels of melatonin in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) and associations between melatonin levels and cardiac function remain unclear.Methods and ResultsWe measured and compared plasma levels of melatonin in 61 control subjects, 81 AMI patients, and 77 DCM patients. Plasma levels of melatonin were progressively decreased from 71.9 pg/mL in the control group to 52.6 pg/mL in the DCM group and 21.9 pg/mL in the AMI group. Next, we examined associations of melatonin levels with parameters of laboratory data, echocardiography, and right‐heart catheterization. In the DCM patients, circulating melatonin showed significant correlations with both high‐sensitivity troponin T (R = −0.422, P < 0.001) and cardiac output (R = 0.431, P = 0.003), but not with B‐type natriuretic peptide (BNP), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), pulmonary artery wedge pressure, or pulmonary artery pressure.ConclusionPatients with not only AMI but also DCM had lower circulating melatonin levels. Circulating melatonin levels appear to correlate with myocardial injury and cardiac output in DCM patients.
High prevalence and poor linkage to care of transfusion‐transmitted infections among blood donors in Dar‐es‐Salaam, Tanzania
Authors: Mohamed Zameer , Kim Jin U. , Magesa Alex , Kasubi Mabula , Feldman Sarah F. , Chevaliez Stephane , Mwakale Promise , Taylor‐Robinson Simon D. , Thursz Mark R. , Shimakawa Yusuke , Rwegasha John , Lemoine Maud 
Published: February 2019

SummaryBlood transfusion is one of the most commonly relied upon therapies in sub‐Saharan Africa. Existing safeguards recommended include systematic screening for transfusion‐transmitted infections and restricted voluntary nonremunerated blood donor selection. We report the transfusion‐transmitted infection screening and notification practice at a large urban blood transfusion centre in Dar‐es‐Salaam, Tanzania. Between October 2016 and March 2017 anonymized records of all donors registered at the blood transfusion unit were accessed to retrospectively note demographic information, donor status, first‐time status, transfusion‐transmitted infection result and notification. 6402 consecutive donors were screened for transfusion‐transmitted infections; the majority were family/replacement blood donors (88.0%) and male (83.8%). Overall transfusion‐transmitted infections prevalence was 8.4% (95% CI 7.8‐9.1), with hepatitis B being the most prevalent infection (4.1% (95% CI 3.6‐4.6)). Transfusion‐transmitted infections were more common in family/replacement blood donors (9.0% (95% CI 8.3‐9.8)) as compared to voluntary nonremunerated blood donor (4.1% (95% CI 2.8‐5.7)). A minority of infected‐donors were notified of a positive result (8.5% (95% CI 6.3‐11.2)). Although transfusion‐transmitted infections are more prevalent among family/replacement blood donors, overall risk of transfusion‐transmitted infections across all groups is considerable. In addition, existing efforts to notify donors of a positive transfusion‐transmitted infection are poor. Future policies must focus on improving linkage to care for newly diagnosed patients with transfusion‐transmitted infections.
Impact of antiretroviral therapy containing tenofovir disoproxil fumarate on the survival of patients with HBV and HIV coinfection
Authors: Tsai Wan‐Chen , Hsu Wei‐Ting , Liu Wang‐Da , Sun Hsin‐Yun , Chuang Yu‐Chung , Huang Yu‐Shan , Cheng Aristine , Lin Kuan‐Yin , Huang Yi‐Chia , Chen Guan‐Jhou , Huang Sung‐Hsi , Sheng Wang‐Huei , Hsieh Szu‐Min , Hung Chien‐Ching , Chang Shan‐Chwen 
Published: February 2019

AbstractBackgroundTenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) is active against both HBV and HIV. Whether the introduction of TDF‐containing combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) has improved the outcome of HIV/HBV‐coinfected patients remains unclear in areas of higher HBV endemicity.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed medical records of newly diagnosed antiretroviral‐naïve HIV‐infected patients between 2007 and 2015. Four groups of patients were defined, according to the HBV status and availability of TDF for HIV treatment in Taiwan in 2011. The primary outcome was all‐cause mortality.ResultsDuring the 9‐year study period, 1,723 HIV‐infected patients were included, with a median age of 31 years and baseline CD4 count of 273 cells per μL. The HBV seroprevalence had declined from 18.1% (125/692) in the pre‐TDF era to 10.1% (104/1031) in the post‐TDF era. The respective mortality rate for HIV/HBV‐coinfected and HIV‐monoinfected patients in the pre‐TDF era was 23.2 (95% CI, 12.5‐43.1) and 9.6 (95% CI, 6.1‐15.0) deaths per 1000 person‐years of follow‐up [PYFU], and the respective mortality rate in the post‐TDF era was 15.7 (95% CI, 7.0‐34.8) and 8.0 (95% CI, 5.5‐11.6) deaths per 1000 PYFU. The adjusted hazard ratio for mortality in multivariate Cox proportional‐hazards regression analysis among HIV/HBV‐coinfected patients compared to HIV‐monoinfected patients was 2.79 (95% CI, 1.25‐6.22) in pre‐TDF era and 1.11 (95% CI, 0.45‐2.72) in post‐TDF era.ConclusionsIn this country of high HBV endemicity, the adverse impact of chronic HBV infection on the survival observed in the pre‐TDF era has significantly diminished among HIV/HBV‐coinfected patients compared to HIV‐monoinfected patients in the era of TDF‐containing cART.
Ideal cardiovascular health metrics and the risk of non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease: A cross‐sectional study in northern China
Authors: Liu Huamin , Yao Yan , Wang Youxin , Ma Likun , Liu Xuezhen , Guo Shasha , Feng Xia , Chen Yanru , Chen Xueyu , Liu Zhongni , Ji Long , Li Dong , Zhou Yong 
Published: February 2019

AbstractBackground and purposeThe components of ideal cardiovascular health (CVH) metrics have been shown to be associated with non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The present study aimed to determine the association between ideal CVH metrics and NAFLD.MethodsA total of 10,511 participants (47.26% men) aged 18 to 92 years were selected from the Jidong and Kailuan communities. Ideal CVH was based on 7 ideal CVH metrics: smoking, body mass index (BMI), physical activity, diet, total cholesterol, blood pressure and fasting blood glucose. NAFLD was determined by abdominal ultrasonography. All participants underwent questionnaire assessments and clinical and laboratory examinations. Logistic regression models were used to analyse the relationship of CVH metrics and the number of ideal CVH metrics with NAFLD.ResultsThe prevalence rates of NAFLD by CVH summary score quartiles were 64.38% (2,015/3,130), 50.16% (786/1,567), 33.28% (1,194/3,588) and 20.89% (465/2,226). Participants in the highest quartile showed a lower odds ratio (OR) than those in the lowest quartile (fully adjusted OR: 0.17, 95% CI: 0.17‐0.20, P < 0.001). Similar results were observed in subjects stratified by sex and age (45 years). The ORs were progressively decreased with an increased number of ideal CVH metrics (all P < 0.001).ConclusionsNAFLD was significantly associated with both the summary score of CVH metrics and the number of ideal CVH metrics. The combined evaluation of ideal CVH may contribute to the prevention of NAFLD.