bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Migration-based filtering: Applications to geophysical imaging data
Authors: Huo Jianjian , Zhou Binzhong , Zhao Qing , Mason Iain M. , Rao Ying 
Published: March 2019

Migration is used to collapse “diffractions,” i.e., to focus hyperbolic events that appear in the space-time of a seismic profile — into spots of finite area in the image space. These usually represent scattering objects. However, there are situations in which some of the energy can be focused by migration, and muted without significantly damaging the remaining echoes. Demigration or forward modeling then restores the remaining data, and the removed signals can be rebuilt by subtracting these restored data from the original records. This process can be classified as migration-based filtering. It is demonstrated by synthetic and field data that this filter can be used for suppressing unwanted coherent signals or separating/extracting wavefields of interest: (1) the suppression of ground roll in seismic shot gathers, (2) the suppression of axially guided arrivals in borehole radar profiles, (3) suppressing the direct arrivals to enhance Stoneley-wave reflections in full-waveform sonic logging data, and (4) separating up- and downgoing waves in vertical seismic profiles.
Patient-Centered Preference Assessment to Improve Satisfaction With Care Among Patients With Localized Prostate Cancer: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Jayadevappa Ravishankar , Chhatre Sumedha , Gallo Joseph J. , Wittink Marsha , Morales Knashawn H. , Lee David I. , Guzzo Thomas J. , Vapiwala Neha , Wong Yu-Ning , Newman Diane K. , Van Arsdalen Keith , Malkowicz S. Bruce , Schwartz J. Sanford , Wein Alan J. 
Published: March 2019

PURPOSE To study the effectiveness of the Patient Preferences for Prostate Cancer Care (PreProCare) intervention in improving the primary outcome of satisfaction with care and secondary outcomes of satisfaction with decision, decision regret, and treatment choice among patients with localized prostate cancer. METHODS In this multicenter randomized controlled study, we randomly assigned patients with localized prostate cancer to the PreProCare intervention or usual care. Outcomes were satisfaction with care, satisfaction with decision, decision regret, and treatment choice. Assessments were performed at baseline and at 3, 6, 12, and 24 months, and were analyzed using repeated measures. We compared treatment choice across intervention groups by prostate cancer risk categories. RESULTS Between January 2014 and March 2015, 743 patients with localized prostate cancer were recruited and randomly assigned to receive PreProCare (n = 372) or usual care (n = 371). For the general satisfaction subscale, improvement at 24 months from baseline was significantly different between groups ( P < .001). For the intervention group, mean scores at 24 months improved by 0.44 (SE, 0.06; P < .001) from baseline. This improvement was 0.5 standard deviation, which was clinically significant. The proportion reporting satisfaction with decision and no regret increased over time and was higher for the intervention group, compared with the usual care group at 24 months ( P < .05). Among low-risk patients, a higher proportion of the intervention group was receiving active surveillance, compared with the usual care group ( P < .001). CONCLUSION Our patient-centered PreProCare intervention improved satisfaction with care, satisfaction with decision, reduced regrets, and aligned treatment choice with risk category. The majority of our participants had a high income, with implications for generalizability. Additional studies can evaluate the effectiveness of PreProCare as a mechanism for improving clinical and patient-reported outcomes in different settings.
TBCRC 022: A Phase II Trial of Neratinib and Capecitabine for Patients With Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2–Positive Breast Cancer and Brain Metastases
Authors: Freedman Rachel A. , Gelman Rebecca S. , Anders Carey K. , Melisko Michelle E. , Parsons Heather A. , Cropp Anne M. , Silvestri Kelly , Cotter Christine M. , Componeschi Kathryn P. , Marte Juan M. , Connolly Roisin M. , Moy Beverly , Van Poznak Catherine H. , Blackwell Kimberly L. , Puhalla Shannon L. , Jankowitz Rachel C. , Smith Karen L. , Ibrahim Nuhad , Moynihan Timothy J. , O’Sullivan Ciara C. , Nangia Julie , Niravath Polly , Tung Nadine , Pohlmann Paula R. , Burns Robyn , Rimawi Mothaffar F. , Krop Ian E. , Wolff Antonio C. , Winer Eric P. , Lin Nancy U. ,   on behalf of the Translational Breast Cancer Research Consortium
Published: March 2019

PURPOSE Evidence-based treatments for metastatic, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)–positive breast cancer to the CNS are limited. We previously reported modest activity of neratinib monotherapy for HER2-positive breast cancer brain metastases. Here we report the results from additional study cohorts. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients with measurable, progressive, HER2-positive brain metastases (92% after receiving CNS surgery and/or radiotherapy) received neratinib 240 mg orally once per day plus capecitabine 750 mg/m2 twice per day for 14 days, then 7 days off. Lapatinib-naïve (cohort 3A) and lapatinib-treated (cohort 3B) patients were enrolled. If nine or more of 35 (cohort 3A) or three or more of 25 (cohort 3B) had CNS objective response rates (ORR), the drug combination would be deemed promising. The primary end point was composite CNS ORR in each cohort separately, requiring a reduction of 50% or more in the sum of target CNS lesion volumes without progression of nontarget lesions, new lesions, escalating steroids, progressive neurologic signs or symptoms, or non-CNS progression. RESULTS Forty-nine patients enrolled in cohorts 3A (n = 37) and 3B (n = 12; cohort closed for slow accrual). In cohort 3A, the composite CNS ORR = 49% (95% CI, 32% to 66%), and the CNS ORR in cohort 3B = 33% (95% CI, 10% to 65%). Median progression-free survival was 5.5 and 3.1 months in cohorts 3A and 3B, respectively; median survival was 13.3 and 15.1 months. Diarrhea was the most common grade 3 toxicity (29% in cohorts 3A and 3B). Neratinib plus capecitabine is active against refractory, HER2-positive breast cancer brain metastases, adding additional evidence that the efficacy of HER2-directed therapy in the brain is enhanced by chemotherapy. For optimal tolerance, efforts to minimize diarrhea are warranted.
Reliable imaging of ATP in living budding and fission yeast
Authors: Takaine Masak , Ueno Masaru , Kitamura Kenji , Imamura Hiromi , Yoshida Satoshi 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACT
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is a main metabolite essential for all living organisms. However, our understanding of ATP dynamics within a single living cell is very limited. Here, we optimized the ATP-biosensor QUEEN and monitored the dynamics of ATP with good spatial and temporal resolution in living yeasts. We found stable maintenance of ATP concentration in wild-type yeasts, regardless of carbon sources or cell cycle stages, suggesting that mechanism exists to maintain ATP at a specific concentration. We further found that ATP concentration is not necessarily an indicator of metabolic activity, as there is no clear correlation between ATP level and growth rates. During fission yeast meiosis, we found a reduction in ATP levels, suggesting that ATP homeostasis is controlled by differentiation. The use of QUEEN in yeasts offers an easy and reliable assay for ATP dynamicity and will answer several unaddressed questions about cellular metabolism in eukaryotes.
Attitudes of faculty and residents of surgical specialties towards professionalism at a tertiary care hospital of Islamabad
Authors: Manzoor Arifa , Baig Lubna Ansari , Aly Syed Moyn 
Published: March 2019

Objectives: To determine the attitudes of faculty and residents of surgical specialties towards professionalism and to test the validity and reliability of a tool developed in USA for Pakistan.
Methods: An exploratory validation study was carried out at Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences (PIMS), Islamabad from 01-Aug-2016 to 31-Jan-2017. Penn State College of Medicine Professionalism Questionnaire (PSCOM) was used, being a reliable and valid survey tools. Exploratory Factor Analysis of the inter-correlations of responses for 36 items was done using SPPS v 21 to give a factor solution to reflect the perceptions regarding attitudinal elements.
Results: There were 209 respondents including 172 residents and 37 faculty members. Response rate was 81.32%. Exploratory Factor Analyses of responses gave a seven factor solution of professionalism: accountability, honour and integrity, excellence, duty, altruism, equity and respect. Six of the factors that emerged reflect the six elements of professionalism reported by American Board of Internal Medicine (ABIM), except for ‘equity’, which was the new factor that emerged. Cronbach’s alpha (Internal Consistency Reliability) for each element of professionalism was between 0.88-0.98.
Conclusion: PSCOM is a valid, reliable, feasible and acceptable tool to assess attitudes of faculty and residents towards professionalism in Pakistan. ‘Equity’ emerged as a new factor which needs to be studied further.
How to cite this:Manzoor A, Baig LA, Aly SM. Attitudes of faculty and residents of surgical specialties towards professionalism at a tertiary care hospital of Islamabad. Pak J Med Sci. 2019;35(2):371-376. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.2.387
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Comparison of serum levels of vitamin D and vitamin D-binding protein in normal, osteopenic and osteoporotic postmenopausal women
Authors: Murad Rafat , Mahboob Tabassum , Rehman Rehana , Baig Rozeena 
Published: March 2019

Objective: To compare the serum levels of vitamin D, vitamin D binding protein (VDBP) calcium and phosphate in normal, osteopenic and osteoporotic postmenopausal women categorized on the basis of bone mineral density (BMD) scores.
Methods: A cross sectional study carried out from May 2017 to August 2018. BMD measured by Dual energy X-ray Absorptiometry categorized women (aged 20- 70 years) into normal (n=37) (T score ≥ -1.0) osteopenic (n=25) (-2.5< T score, < -1) and osteoporotic (n= 26) (T score < -2.5) according to WHO classification. Serum concentrations of vitamin D, VDBP, calcium, phosphate analyzed by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay were compared by Analysis of Variance
Results: In normal females higher levels of vitamin D and VDBP were observed [15.82 (8 - 69.18), 469.9 (269.57 - 875.55)] vs. osteopenic [(7.45 (4.66 - 15.1), 296.05 (232.58 - 420.23)] and osteoporotic women [(7.25 (3.97 - 17.49), 272.94 (202.23 - 351.24)]; [median interquartile range]; p value < 0.0001.
Conclusion: Vitamin D and VDBP are linked with bone health and estimation of VDBP appears to be a valuable tool for the assessment of increased bone loss and possible risks of bone fractures especially in postmenopausal women.
How to cite this:Murad R, Mahboob T, Rehman R, Baig R. Comparison of serum levels of vitamin D and vitamin D-binding protein in normal, osteopenic and osteoporotic postmenopausal women. Pak J Med Sci. 2019;35(2):543-548. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.2.714
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Limitations of Using Pediatric Respiratory Illness Readmissions to Compare Hospital Performance
Authors: Kaiser Sunitha V. , Lam Regina , Joseph Gabby B. , McCulloch Charles , Hsia Renee Y. , Cabana Michael D. , Bardach Naomi S. 
Published: March 2019

BACKGROUNDAdult hospital readmission rates can reliably identify meaningful variation in hospital performance; however, pediatric condition‐specific readmission rates are limited by low patient volumes.OBJECTIVETo determine if a National Quality Forum (NQF)‐endorsed measure for pediatric lower respiratory illness (LRI) 30‐day readmission rates can meaningfully identify high‐ and low‐performing hospitals.DESIGNObservational, retrospective cohort analysis. We applied the pediatric LRI measure and several variations to evaluate their ability to detect performance differences.SETTINGAdministrative claims from all hospital admissions in California (2012‐2014).PATIENTSChildren (age <18 years) with LRI (primary diagnosis: bronchiolitis, influenza, or pneumonia; or LRI as a secondary diagnosis with a primary diagnosis of respiratory failure, sepsis, bacteremia, or asthma).MEASUREMENTSThirty‐day hospital readmission rates and costs. Hierarchical regression models adjusted for age, gender, and chronic conditions were used.RESULTSAcross all California hospitals admitting children (n = 239) using respiratory readmission rates, no outlier hospitals were identified with (1) the NQF‐endorsed metric, (2) inclusion of primary asthma or secondary asthma exacerbation diagnoses, or (3) inclusion of 30‐day emergency revisits. By including admissions for asthma, adding emergency revisits, and merging 3 years of data, we identified 9 outlier hospitals (2 high‐performers, 7 low‐performers). There was no association of hospital readmission rates with costs.CONCLUSIONSUsing a nationally‐endorsed quality measure of inpatient pediatric care, we were unable to identify meaningful variation in hospital performance without broadening the metric definition and merging multiple years of data. Utilizers of pediatric‐quality measures should consider modifying metrics to better evaluate the quality of pediatric care at low‐volume hospitals.
Ex vivo model for a new bilateral antimesenteric V-modified side-to-side isoperistaltic anastomosis to prevent recurrence in ileocolic Crohn’s disease
Authors: Celentano V , Luvisetto F , Toh S 
Published: March 2019

Introduction The high rate of recurrence following ileocaecal resection for Crohn’s disease may lead to repeat surgery in 20–30% of patients at five years after surgery. Recurrence usually occurs at the anastomosis and the neoterminal ileum and the association of a strictureplasty to widen the bowel lumen in the regions immediately proximal (‘anastomotic inlet’) and distal (‘anastomotic outlet’) to the anastomosis may delay or reduce the risk of surgical recurrence. Materials and methods A side to side isoperistaltic anastomosis, with an associated V-modified strictureplasty on the anti-mesenteric border at the level of the anastomosis inlet and outlet has been designed. We produced a wet lab ex vivo model of the anastomosis and, to evaluate the different calibre of the anastomotic segments, we compared it with ex vivo models of three anastomotic configurations currently used in surgery for Crohn’s disease: i) side to side isoperistaltic anastomosis; ii) modified side-to-side isoperistaltic anastomosis with double Heineke–Mikulicz procedure (Sasaki anastomosis); iii) anti-mesenteric functional end-to-end handsewn anastomosis (Kono-S anastomosis). Results Differences were recorded at the level of the anastomosis inlet and outlet, with a larger volume estimated in the Sasaki anastomosis and in the V-modified anastomosis. The V-modified anastomosis had a larger volume compared with the Sasaki anastomosis for a longer segment of small bowel. Conclusions We have developed an experimental animal model for a new anastomotic technique which could be applied in surgery for Crohn’s disease following small-bowel or ileocolic resection.
Management of ‘low-risk’ ankle fractures in children: a systematic review
Authors: Marson BA , Ng J , Myint Y , Grindlay DJC , Ollivere BJ 
Published: March 2019

Introduction This study aimed to review the literature to establish whether there is a best treatment for low-risk ankle fractures in children. Materials and methods A systematic review and meta-analysis of trials was undertaken, which compared interventions for ‘low-risk’ ankle fractures in children. A meta-analysis was performed using a random effects model. Results Four trials were identified reporting outcomes from 256 patients. All trials reported results using a device that permitted ankle motion compared with more rigid immobilisation. Overall risk of bias was low for three trials and high for one trial. Two trials assessed time to return to normal function. Patients treated in a splint or with a bandage recovering 6–7.5 days sooner than those treated with rigid immobilisation. One trial demonstrated that children returned to school sooner if treated in a bandage rather than in a cast. Two trials found a higher Activity Scale for Kids performance score at four weeks for children treated with splint compared with rigid immobilisation. There was no clear advantage to any device in patient satisfaction, quality of life or total costs. Discussion There is no clear best treatment for these injuries. Studies had significant limitations and outcomes were heterogeneous, limiting meta-analysis. Conclusion There is a need for a definitive trial to establish the best treatment for ankle fractures and a core outcome set to ensure study findings are consistent and can be analysed in future meta-analyses.
Effect of different root dentin pretreatment protocols on the bond strength of fiber posts cemented with core buildup material
Authors: Naeem Rowaida , Zohdy Maged , Salah Tarek 
Published: March 2019

Objective: The purpose of the study was to evaluate the push out bond strength of fiber posts -after cementaion with core build up material and dentin pretreatment using different adhesive protocols- in different root regions. Material and Methods: 28 endodonticaly treated human premolars were divided into 4 groups. The post spaces were treated with 1 of 4 different dentin bonding protocols: total etch light cured adhesive, solobond m; total etch dual cured adhesive, Excite f DSC; self-etching light cured adhesive, single bond universal; or self-etching dual cured adhesive, futura bond dc. Fiber posts, were luted with dual cured core material. The roots were cut into 2-mm-thick sections, in cervical, middle, and apical regions. Push-out tests were performed with a universal testing machine, and bond strength values (MPa) were calculated. Data were analyzed with 1- and 2-way analysis of variance and Tukey multiple comparison tests (a=.05). Failure modes were examined under stereo microscope. Results: The highest mean bond strength values were obtained for self-etch dual cured adhesive, (9.69 MPa). The Total etch light cured adhesive (2.81 MPa) showed the lowest bond strength. Self-etch light-polymerized and total etch dual-polymerized adhesives provided similar bond strengths (5.37, 5.72 respectively). The regional bond strength values were reduced significantly in apical post space (P<0.01). The most predominant failure type was mixed failure followed by adhesive failure. Conclusion: Dentin pretreatment using self-etch dual cured adhesives prior to fiber posts cementation offers a high bond strength. While using total-etch light cured adhesives is not recommended due to the low bonding quality. KeywordsDentin; Bond strength; Fiber posts; Core buildup material; Adhesive protocols; Pretreatment.
Artes tradicionais do fazer: alimentos e patchwork em tramas
Authors: Abdala Mônica Chaves , Da Silva Cristiane Aparecida Fernandes , Papavero Claude G. 
Published: March 2019

A proposta desta discussão é compreender aspectos da cultura e da sociedade brasileiras por meio de duas expressões tradicionais das artes do fazer, a culinária e a arte têxtil, unidas em telas de patchwork. Empreendeu-se uma investigação de cunho qualitativo para analisar telas da Exposição “Brasil, cheiros, temperos e sabores”, da 10ª Brazil Patchwork Show, realizada em 2016 em São Paulo. Identificou-se nessas obras a representação de alimentos provenientes de diferentes regiões do país. Tratava-se de alusões pictóricas a hábitos e costumes locais que subentendiam saberes e práticas culturais e possibilitavam identificar a riqueza simbólica do universo figurado. A diversidade dos aromas e sabores de gêneros comestíveis retratados confirmou, portanto, a hipótese inicial da relevância dos alimentos representados para compreender aspectos socioculturais do Brasil.
palavras-chave: alimento; arte; culturas.
A obra-prima impossível: uma leitura do tema da idealização e fracasso na arte
Authors: Lima Andrei Fernando Ferreira 
Published: March 2019

No discurso literário do século XIX, a idealização surge como um tema e um tópico metapoético capaz de ensejar importante reflexão sobre o sentido da criação artística, seus desafios e limites, bem como sobre as relações retóricas entre realidade e representação. Nesse contexto, diversas narrativas se ocupam do assunto, sendo uma das mais célebres A obra-prima ignorada (1831), de Honoré de Balzac, que toma a pintura como referencial para desenvolver uma representação emblemática do artista empenhado em uma busca obsessiva pela perfeição, estabelecendo certas perspectivas que se aproximam. Neste artigo, veremos, então, a partir da elaboração balzaquiana, como outros textos, a exemplo de A Madona do futuro (1873), de Henry James, e do relato “Paolo Uccello”, do livro Vidas imaginárias (1896), de Marcel Schwob, se inserem nessa dinâmica e que implicações conceituais e formais trazem à linguagem e ao imaginário.
palavras-chave: idealização; arte; narrativa.
The Mixed CUSUM-EWMA (MCE) control chart as a new alternative in the monitoring of a manufacturing process
Authors: Alves Custodio Da Cunha , Konrath Andréa Cristina , Henning Elisa , Walter Olga Maria Formigoni Carvalho , Paladini Edson Pacheco , Oliveira Teresa A. , Oliveira Amílcar 
Published: March 2019

Goal: The objective is to conclude, based on a comparative study, if there is a significant difference in sensitivity between the application of MCE and the individual application of the CUSUM or EWMA chart, i.e., greater sensitivity particularly for cases of lesser magnitude of change.
Design/Methodology/Approach: These are an applied research and statistical techniques such as statistical control charts are used for monitoring variability. Results: The results show that the MCE chart signals a process out of statistical control, while individual EWMA and CUSUM charts does not detect any situation out of statistical control for the data analyzed.
Limitations: This article is dedicated to measurable variables and individual analysis of quality characteristics, without investing in attribute variables. The MCE chart was applied to items that are essential to the productive process development being analysed.
Practical Implications: The practical implications of this study can contribute to: the correct choice of more sensitive control charts to detect mainly small changes in the location (mean) of processes; provide clear and accurate information about the fundamental procedures for the implementation of statistical quality control; and encourage the use of this quality improvement tool.
Originality/Value: The MCE control chart is a great differential for the improvement of the quality process of the studied company because it goes beyond what CUSUM and EWMA control charts can identify in terms of variability.