bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Using health coaching to improve patients' BP management
Authors: Higgins Karen , Scott Micah A. 
Published: May 2019

Abstract:
Nurses have unique opportunities to influence patient outcomes and reduce healthcare expenditures. Health coaching is one patient-centered strategy nurses can use to improve the limited health literacy often associated with hypertension. This article describes the use of health coaching to help patients understand their medications and give them the knowledge, skills, and confidence to self-manage their hypertension.
Increasing cultural competence with LGBTQ patients
Authors: Margolies Liz , Brown Carlton G. 
Published: May 2019

Abstract:
Many nurses practicing today lack basic education about LGBTQ (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer) patient care. How can they better prepare to care for this population? This article provides insight on LGBTQ people, their health risks and disparities, and how nurses can work with LGBTQ patients to improve outcomes.
Carcinoma Cuniculatum of the Lower Leg: A Case Report and Proposed Diagnostic Criteria
Authors: Kunc Michał , Biernat Wojciech 
Published: May 2019

Abstract:
Carcinoma cuniculatum is an infrequent variant of squamous cell carcinoma described for the first time by Ian Aird in 1954. Since then, multiple reports of cutaneous carcinoma cuniculatum have been published at various sites, including palms, soles, buttocks, and lower legs, but most of them did not match to original description. In the current study, we report a unique case of a 69-year-old woman with carcinoma cuniculatum arising in the calf. Moreover, we update the histopathological criteria of cutaneous carcinoma cuniculatum by combining the literature descriptions and the experiences from the current case.
Effects of ospemifene on genitourinary health assessed by prospective vulvar-vestibular photography and vaginal/vulvar health indices
Authors: Goldstein Irwin , Simon James A. , Kaunitz Andrew M. , Altomare Corrado , Yoshida Yuki , Zhu Julie , Schaffer Sam , Soulban Graziella 
Published: May 2019

Abstract

Objective:
To prospectively evaluate the effects of ospemifene on the vulva and vagina in postmenopausal women using vulvar-vestibular photography and direct visual assessments.

Methods:
Postmenopausal women (aged 40-80 years) with moderate to severe vaginal dryness as their most bothersome symptom (MBS) were randomized to daily ospemifene 60 mg or placebo in this 12-week, multicenter, double-blind, phase 3 study. Vulvar-vestibular photographic images were captured at baseline and week 12 and were independently assessed with the Vulvar Imaging Assessment Scale (VIAS). Changes from baseline in Vaginal and Vulvar Health Indices (VHI and VuHI) with ospemifene versus placebo were analyzed at weeks 4, 8, and 12. Correlations between VIAS, VHI, and VuHI, with vaginal dryness severity and the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) scores were also assessed.

Results:
In all, 631 eligible participants were randomized (ospemifene 316, placebo 315) and included in the intention-to-treat population. Compared with placebo, ospemifene significantly improved total scores for VIAS (P = 0.0154), VHI (P < 0.0001), and VuHI (P < 0.0001) from baseline to week 12; significant VHI (P < 0.0001) and VuHI (P = 0.002) improvements were observed at week 4. Most VHI and VuHI individual items were significantly better with ospemifene versus placebo at week 12 (P < 0.05). Most correlations between the vulvovaginal assessment total scores versus vaginal dryness severity and FSFI scores were significant (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:
Improvements observed in vulvovaginal health with ospemifene assessed by prospective vulvar-vestibular photography and other direct visual assessments support its efficacy in addition to the treatment of moderate to severe vaginal dryness due to menopause and the use of photographic and direct visual evaluations in future clinical trials.

Video Summary
Supplemental Digital Content 1, http://links.lww.com/MENO/A415
Determination of Uranium Series Activity Before Secular Equilibrium Is Established
Authors: Wilson Charles A. , Matthews Kenneth L. , Hamideh Amin M. , Wang Wei-Hsung 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Timely achievement of uranium series’ secular equilibrium is not always feasible. Our objective is to mathematically justify methods for early uranium series gamma spectroscopy measurements that can accurately predict naturally occurring radioactive material equilibrium activities long before equilibrium is established. It was believed that, regardless of prior 222Rn escape, after sealing a sample for a few hours the activities of 222Rn, 226Ra, and 238U could theoretically be determined with a single measurement of both 214Pb and 214Bi. However, when accounting for error, this theory did not work as expected (CV = 14.0 in 226Ra simulation). A similar approach published by Li et al. in 2015 proved to be much more reliable with the error considered, using 214Pb activities measured at two different times gave significantly improved results when tested the same way (CV = 0.29 in 226Ra simulation). Because both 214Pb and 214Bi activities are typically available when using gamma spectrometry, we combine these approaches and further increased the accuracy of the calculated activities (CV = 0.21 in 226Ra simulation).
Radionuclide Concentrations in Different Water Sources From Nigeria
Authors: Owoade Latifat , Alakiu Helen , Akinde Kazeem , Nwankwo Chioma Uchenna 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Gamma spectrometric analysis was done on all the different sources of water samples in the rural communities of Egbeda Local Government Area of Oyo State in Nigeria. Water samples were collected from 6 boreholes, 11 streams, 5 taps, and 41 hand-dug wells. The water samples were analyzed using a high-purity germanium detector at the National Institute of Radiation Protection and Research, Ibadan, Nigeria. Radionuclides found in the water samples include 40K, 232Th, and 238U. The average amount of 40K found in the borehole, stream, tap, and well water is 3.22, 2.23, 2.11, and 1.77 Bq L−1, respectively. The average amount of 232Th found in the borehole, stream, tap, and well water is 0.57, 0.46, 0.47, and 0.55 Bq L−1, respectively. The average amount of 238U found in the borehole, stream, tap, and well water is 0.54, 0.27, 0.29, and 0.61 Bq L−1, respectively. The annual effective doses calculated from radionuclides in the water are 0.11, 0.09, 0.09, and 0.11 mSv for borehole, stream, tap, and well, respectively.
Drug-eluting bead transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) vs conventional TACE in treating hepatocellular carcinoma patients with multiple conventional TACE treatments history
Authors: Li Hui , Wu Fucang , Duan Min , Zhang Guodong 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
This study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of drug-eluting bead transarterial chemoembolization (DEB-TACE) vs conventional TACE (cTACE) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients with multiple cTACE treatments history.
Eighty-one HCC patients with multiple cTACE treatments history who underwent DEB-TACE (N = 42) and cTACE treatment (N = 39) were included in this retrospective cohort study and allocated to DEB-TACE and cTACE groups accordingly. Multiple cTACE treatments history was defined as history of three or more cycles cTACE treatments. Then treatment responses were assessed according to the criteria of modified Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (mRECIST), and progression free survival (PFS), as well as overall survival (OS), was calculated. In addition, adverse events and liver function related indexes were recorded.
Complete response (P = .167) was of no difference while objective response rate (ORR) (P = .003) was increased in DEB-TACE group compared with cTACE group. Patients in DEB-TACE group presented with more favorable PFS (P = .028) and OS (P = .037) compared with cTACE group. Further analysis revealed that DEB-TACE (vs cTACE) was an independent predictive factor for better ORR (P = .001), PFS (P = .006) and OS (P = .001). The albumin (ALB) level at first month after treatment was elevated (P = .015) while the other liver function indexes levels did not vary (all P > .05) in DEB-TACE group compared with cTACE group. The incidences of pain (P = .327), fever (P = .171) and nausea/vomiting (P = .400) during hospitalization were similar between the 2 groups.
DEB-TACE is more efficient and equally tolerant compared with cTACE in HCC patients with multiple cTACE treatments history.
The association between epididymo-orchitis and prostate cancer
Authors: Liu Jui-Ming , Yi Chin-Chang , Lin Chien-Yu , Chang Hung , Hsu Ren-Jun , Chuang Heng-Chang , Hsu Wen-Lin 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
To determine whether epididymo-orchitis, a common infectious disease among men, is associated with subsequent prostate cancer (PCa) via a nationwide cohort study.
This nationwide population-based study of patients treated from 2001 to 2013 included a total of 4991 patients with epididymo-orchitis as the study group and 19,922 matched patients without epididymo-orchitis as a control group. We tracked the patients in both groups for a 5-year period to identify any new cases of PCa. Cox proportional hazards regressions were performed to calculate the hazard ratio (HR) of PCa during this 5-year follow-up period.
Of the 24,913 patients in the study, 235 (0.9%) were newly diagnosed with PCa during the 5-year follow-up period; 77 (1.5%) of those were from the epididymo-orchitis group and 158 (0.8%) were from the control group. Compared to the patients without epididymo-orchitis, the adjusted HR for PCa for the patients with epididymo-orchitis was 1.56 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.18–2.06) during the 5-year follow-up period. Ages of more than 70 years, higher incomes, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia were more strongly associated with
PCa in the study group than in the control group.
The results were associated with a 56% increased risk for PCa among patients with epididymo-orchitis. Epididymo-orchitis may play an etiological role in the development of PCa in Asian populations. Further studies are warranted, however, to investigate the relationship between epididymo-orchitis and PCa.
Propofol-based palliative sedation in terminally ill children with solid tumors
Authors: Miele Evelina , Mastronuzzi Angela , Cefalo M. Giuseppina , Del Bufalo Francesca , De Pasquale M. Debora , Serra Annalisa , Spinelli Gian Paolo , De Sio Luigi 
Published: May 2019

AbstractRationale:The palliative sedation therapy is defined as the intentional reduction of the alert state, using pharmacological tools. Propofol is a short-acting general anesthetic agent, widely used for induction and maintenance of general anesthesia and rarely employed in palliative care.Patient concerns and Diagnoses:This case series describes 5 pediatric oncology inpatients affected by relapsed/refractory solid tumors received palliative sedation using propofol alone or in combination with opioids and benzodiazepines.Interventions and Outcomes:Five terminally ill children affected by solid tumors received propofol-based palliative sedation. All patients were previously treated with opioids and some of them reduced the consumption of these drugs after propofol starting. In all cases the progressive increase of the level of sedation until the death has been the only effective measure of control of refractory symptoms related todisease progression and psychological suffering.Lessons:We evaluated the quality of propofol-based palliative sedation in a series of pediatric oncology patients with solid tumors at the end of their life. We concluded that propofol represents an effective and tolerable adjuvant drug for the management of intractable suffering and a practicable strategy for palliative sedation in pediatric oncology patients at the end of their life.
Prediction of mortality and organ failure based on coagulation and fibrinolysis markers in patients with acute pancreatitis
Authors: Liu Chaonan , Zhou Xinfeng , Ling Liqin , Chen Si , Zhou Jing 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThis study explored the predictive value of coagulation and fibrinolysis markers with acute pancreatitis (AP)-related mortality and organ failure.We retrospectively reviewed and analyzed coagulation and fibrinolysis markers and clinical outcomes of the patients with AP.A total of 273 patients with AP were enrolled, 7 patients died and 28 patients suffered from organ failure. Uni- and multivariate logistic regression identified the differences of all of the coagulation and fibrinolysis markers as risk factors for AP-related mortality. The differences of APTT value, TT value, D-dimmer level, FDP level, and AT III level were risk factors for organ failure. Furthermore, the OR of the differences of platelet, PT, APTT, TT, fibrinogen, D-dimmer, FDP, and AT III was substantially improved by grouping with intervals of 10 × 109/L, 2 seconds, 5 seconds, 3 seconds, 0.5 g/L, 3 mg/L FEU, 5 mg/L and 10%, respectively. The risk of mortality can increase up to 1.62, 5.17, and 5.60 fold for every 10 × 109/L, 2 seconds and 5 seconds of increase in platelet, PT and APTT, respectively. There is approximate 2-fold increase in risk of organ failure for every 2 seconds of TT increase. In receiver operating characteristic analysis, there is no difference in the predictive power of bedside index for severity in acute pancreatitis (BISAP) with them in mortality or organ failure.In patients with AP, the dynamic changes of coagulation and fibrinolysis markers are good predictors for AP-related mortality and organ failure, especially platelet, PT and APTT in mortality and TT in organ failure.
MicroRNA expression profiling of lung adenocarcinoma in Xuanwei, China
Authors: Hu Zaoxiu , Wang Xiaoxiong , Yang Yanlong , Zhao Yonghe , Shen Zhenghai , Huang Yunchao 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been proved to be related to the development and progression of lung cancer. However, the expression signatures of miRNAs in lung adenocarcinoma in Xuanwei are not yet clear. The current study aimed to identify the potential miRNA profiles in lung adenocarcinoma in Xuanwei by microarray.
The miRNA profiles in 24 lung adenocarcinoma and paired non-tumor tissues in Xuanwei were ascertained by using the Exiqon miRCURY LNA microRNA Array (v.18.0). The results of the microarrays were further verified by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) detection. Bioinformatics analysis was used to carry out the functional annotations of differentially expressed miRNAs.
One hundred fifty five differentially expressed (≥2-fold change) miRNAs were identified (65 upregulated and 90 downregulated). QRT-PCR was used to validate the top 4 most upregulated and downregulated miRNAs, and the results were generally consisted with microarray. Furthermore, the differentially expressed miRNAs were significantly enriched in numerous common pathways that were bound up with cancer. The pathways included focal adhesion and signaling pathways, such as cyclic guanosine monophosphate -protein kinase G (cGMP-PKG) signaling pathways, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway, and Hippo signaling pathway, etc.
Our study identified the potential miRNA profiles in lung adenocarcinoma in Xuanwei by microarray. These miRNAs might be used as biomarkers for diagnosis and/or prognosis for lung cancer in Xuanwei and therefore warrant further investigation. Further study is needed to reveal the potential role of these miRNAs in the carcinogenesis of XuanWei Lung Cancer (XWLC).
Effect of RNA splicing machinery gene mutations on prognosis of patients with MDS
Authors: Wang Xiaoxue , Song Xiaomeng , Yan Xiaojing 
Published: May 2019

Abstract

Background:
Gene mutations with important prognostic role have been identified in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). We performed a meta-analysis to investigate the effects of RNA splicing machinery gene mutations on prognosis of MDS patients.

Methods:
We searched English database including PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library for literatures published within recent 10 years on the effect of RNA splicing machinery genes in MDS. Revman version 5.2 software was used for all the statistical processing. We calculated risk ratio and 95% confidence interval (CI) of continuous variables, and find hazard ratio (HR) and 95% CI of time-to-event data.

Results:
We included 19 studies enrolling 4320 patients. There is a significant superior overall survival (OS) in splicing factor 3b, subunit 1 (SF3B1)-mutation group compared to unmutated group (HR = 0.58, 95% CI: 0.5–0.67, P < .00001); OS decreased significantly in serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 2/ U2 auxiliary factor protein 1 (SRSF2/U2AF1) mutation group compared to unmutated group, (HR = 1.62, 95% CI: 1.34–1.97, P < .00001 and HR = 1.61, 95% CI: 1.35–1.9, P < .00001, respectively). In terms of leukemia-free survival (LFS), the group with SF3B1 mutation had better outcome than unmutated group, HR = 0.63 (95% CI: 0.53–0.75, P < .00001). Other RNA splicing gene mutation group showed significant poor LFS than unmutated groups, (HR = 1.89, 95% CI: 1.6–2.23, P < .00001; HR = 2.77, 95% CI: 2.24–3.44, P < .00001; HR = 1.48, 95% CI: 1.08–2.03, P < .00001; for SRSF2, U2AF1, and zinc finger CCCH-type, RNA binding motif and serine/arginine rich 2 [ZRSR2], respectively). As for subgroup of low- or intermediate-1-IPSS risk MDS, SRSF2, and U2AF1 mutations were related to poor OS. (HR = 1.83, 95% CI: 1.43–2.35, P < .00001; HR = 2.11, 95% CI: 1.59–2.79, P < .00001 for SRSF2 and U2AF1, respectively). SRSF2 and U2AF1 mutations were strongly associated with male patients. SF3B1 mutation was strongly associated with disease staging.

Conclusion:
This meta-analysis indicates a positive effect of SF3B1 and an adverse prognostic effect of SRSF2, U2AF1, and ZRSR2 mutations in patients with MDS. Mutations of RNA splicing genes have important effects on the prognosis of MDS.
Urban-rural differences in risk factors for ischemic stroke in northern China
Authors: Li Yang , Zhang Xin , Sang Hui , Niu Xiaoyuan , Liu Tingting , Liu Weidong , Li Jian 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
This study aims to investigate urban-rural differences in characteristics and risk factors of ischemic stroke in northern China.
The present cross-sectional study was based on the High-risk Population Screening and Intervention Project for Stroke. The cluster sampling method was used to select urban and rural screening sites in northern China. By collecting information and screening the data, patients with ischemic stroke were obtained and a control group with similar gender, age, and regional distribution was selected among the nonischemic stroke patients. Then, the demographic and risk factors of patients with ischemic stroke were described and analyzed.
The prevalence of ischemic stroke in northern China was 2.88%, with a greater prevalence in rural areas than in urban areas (3.32% vs 2.43%), and a greater prevalence in males than in females (3.06% vs 2.73%). Furthermore, rural stroke patients were younger than urban stroke patients. Hypertension, family history of stroke, and smoking were the top 3 independent risk factors for ischemic stroke. Overweight/obesity and low education were associated with increased ischemic stroke in urban areas, while low education was associated with less ischemic stroke in rural areas. In addition, the prevalence of alcoholism, dyslipidemia, diabetes, and obvious overweight/obesity was greater in urban areas, while high-salt diet and low education and income were more prevalent in rural regions. Moreover, the smoking index was higher in rural areas than in urban areas.
The characteristics and risk factors of ischemic stroke differ between rural and urban areas, which could be used to design specific preventative measures.
Asthma associated with denatonium benzoate in a healthcare worker in Taiwan
Authors: Chen Kou-Huang , Chung Kuo-Mou , Chung Ju-Hui , Chen Kow-Tong 
Published: May 2019

Abstract

Rationale:
Denatonium benzoate is a useful indicator to ensure that the respirator being used by an individual forms a tight enough seal to adequately protect against unwanted airborne exposure. Although the relative risk for adverse effects of fit testing using denatonium benzoate is low, the absolute number of workers with adverse reactions may nevertheless be sizeable.

Patient concerns:
A 34-year-old female nurse rapidly developed shortness of breath, cough, and agitation after denatonium benzoate fit testing. She had a history of allergy to shrimp, crab, mite, and disinfecting products (containing quaternary ammonium).

Diagnoses:
Due to typical symptoms of asthma after exposure to denatonium benzoate aerosol without any other apparent cause, serial pulmonary function tests indicating obstructive lung function and a higher concentration of immunoglobulin antibody E, she was diagnosed with allergic asthma.

Interventions:
This patient was treated with omalizumab (Xolair), corticosteroid, β2 agonist, montelukast, and Symbicort turbuhaler.

Outcomes:
The patient showed quick responses after treatment with diphenhydramine (intramuscularly), fenoterol HBr (inhalation), and prednisolone (oral). Approximately 2 weeks later, she suffered from difficulty breathing and asthmatic symptoms again when she was exposed to polished wax and disinfectant. She was treated with omalizumab (Xolair), corticosteroid, β2 agonist, montelukast, and Symbicort turbuhaler. The patient was in stable condition with improvement in symptoms during follow-up.

Lessons:
There may be potentially important health risks when healthcare workers are exposed to denatonium benzoate. Individuals who have a history of allergy to disinfecting products (containing quaternary ammonium) should avoid exposure of denatonium benzoate. More advanced research is needed in the future.
A rectal cancer model establishes a platform to study individual responses to chemoradiation
Authors: Ganesh Karuna , Wu Chao , O’Rourke Kevin P. , Adileh Mohammad , Szeglin Bryan C. , Wasserman Isaac , Marco Michael R. , Shady Maha , Zheng Youyun , Karthaus Wouter R. , Won Helen H. , Choi Seo-Hyun , Pelossof Raphael A. , Barlas Afsar , Pappou Emmanouil , Elghouayel Arthur , Strong James S. , Chen Chin-Tung , Harris Jennifer W. , Weiser Martin R. , Nash Garrett M. , Guillem Jose G. , Wei Iris H. , Cercek Andrea , Kolesnick Richard N. , Manova-Todorova Katia O. , Saltz Leonard B. , DeMatteo Ronald P. , Massagué Joan , Romesser Paul B. , Paty Philip B. , Yaeger Rona D. , Clevers Hans , Berger Michael , Shia Jinru , Lowe Scott W. , Dow Lukas E. , Garcia-Aguilar Julio , Sawyers Charles L. , Smith J. Joshua 
Published: May 2019

AbstractRectal cancer (RC) is a challenging disease to treat that requires chemotherapy, radiation, and surgery to optimize outcomes for individual patients. No accurate model of RC exists to answer fundamental research questions relevant to individual patients. We established a biorepository of 32 patient-derived RC organoid cultures (tumoroids) from patients with primary, metastatic, or recurrent disease. RC tumoroids retained molecular features of the tumors from which they were derived, and theirex vivoresponses to clinically relevant chemotherapy and radiation treatment correlate well with responses noted in individual patients’ tumors. Upon engraftment into murine rectal mucosa, human RC tumoroids gave rise to invasive rectal cancer followed by metastasis to lung and liver. Importantly, engrafted tumors closely reflected the heterogenous sensitivity to chemotherapy observed clinically. Thus, the biology and drug sensitivity of RC clinical isolates can be efficiently interrogated using an organoid-based,in vitroplatform coupled with endoluminal propagation in animals.