bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quantum study of inelastic processes in low-energy calcium–hydrogen collisions
Authors: Belyaev A K , Vlasov D V , Mitrushchenkov A , Feautrier N 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACT
Cross-sections and rate coefficients for the partial inelastic processes in calcium–hydrogen collisions are calculated by means of the quantum reprojection method for nuclear dynamics based on the accurate ab initio electronic structure data. That is, the atomic data for the 110 inelastic processes of excitation, de-excitation, ion-pair formation, and mutual neutralization in Ca + H and Ca+ + H− collisions are computed for all transitions between the 11 low-lying CaH(2Σ+) molecular states including ionic one. The quantum chemical data are used in a hybrid diabatic representation, which is derived from the adiabatic representation. It is found that the largest rate coefficients correspond to the mutual neutralization processes. At the temperature 6000 K, the maximal rate is equal to $4.37 \times 10^{-8}\, \mathrm{cm}^{3}\,\mathrm{s}^{-1}$. It is shown that the large-valued rates are determined by long-range ionic–covalent interactions with final binding energies from the optimal window, while moderate- and low-valued rates by both long- and short-range non-adiabatic regions with final energies outside of the optimal window.
Pathogen-Negative Sepsis—An Opportunity for Antimicrobial Stewardship
Authors: Lockhart Gabriel C , Hanin Jacob , Micek Scott T , Kollef Marin H 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Sepsis is a common reason for empiric antibiotics among hospitalized patients. We found that the median duration of empiric antibiotics (interquartile range) was 6 (4–9) days among 1047 survivivors with pathogen-negative sepsis. These findings suggest that patients with pathogen-negative sepsis could represent an important opportunity for antimicrobial stewardship.
Health Information Exchange: A Novel Re-linkage Intervention in an Urban Health System
Authors: Sharp Joseph , Angert Christine D , Mcconnell Tyania , Wortley Pascale , Pennisi Eugene , Roland Lisa , Mehta C Christina , Armstrong Wendy S , Shah Bijal , Colasanti Jonathan A 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Background
Public health information exchanges (HIEs) link real-time surveillance and clinical data and can help to re-engage out-of-care people with HIV (PWH).

Methods
We conducted a retrospective cohort study of out-of-care PWH who generated an HIE alert in the Grady Health System (GHS) Emergency Department (ED) between January 2017 and February 2018. Alerts were generated for PWH who registered in the GHS ED without Georgia Department of Public Health (GDPH) CD4 or HIV-1 RNA in the prior 14 months. The alert triggered a social work (SW)–led re-linkage effort. Multivariate logistic regression analyses used HIE-informed SW re-linkage efforts as the independent variable, and linkage to care and 3- and 6-month viral suppression (HIV-1 RNA &lt; 200 c/mL) as primary outcomes. Patients admitted to the hospital were excluded from primary analysis.

Results
One hundred forty-seven out-of-care patients generated an alert. Ninety-eight were included in the primary analysis (mean age [SD], 41 ± 12 years; 70% male; 93% African American), and 20 received the HIE-informed SW intervention. Sixty percent of patients receiving the intervention linked to care in 6 months, compared with 35% who did not. Patients receiving the intervention were more likely to link to care (adjusted risk ratio [aRR], 1.63; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.99–2.68) and no more likely to achieve viral suppression (aRR, 1.49; 95% CI, 0.50–4.46) than those who did not receive the intervention.

Conclusions
An HIE-informed, SW-led intervention systematically identified out-of-care PWH and may increase linkage to care for this important population. HIEs create an opportunity to intervene with linkage and retention strategies.
Patient-reported outcomes in RA care improve patient communication, decision-making, satisfaction and confidence: qualitative results
Authors: Bartlett Susan J , De Leon Elaine , Orbai Ana-Maria , Haque Uzma J , Manno Rebecca L , Ruffing Victoria , Butanis Alessandra , Duncan Trisha , Jones Michelle R , Leong Amye , Perin Jamie , Smith Katherine Clegg , Bingham Clifton O 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Objective
To evaluate the impact of integrating patient-reported outcomes (PROs) into routine clinics, from the perspective of patients with RA, clinicians and other staff.

Methods
We conducted a prospective cohort study using a mixed methods sequential explanatory design at an academic arthritis clinic. RA patients completed selected Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System measures on tablets in the waiting room. Results were immediately available to discuss during the visit. Post-visit surveys with patients and physicians evaluated topics discussed and their impact on decision making; patients rated confidence in treatment. Focus groups or interviews with patients, treating rheumatologists and clinic staff were conducted to understand perspectives and experiences.

Results
Some 196 patients and 20 rheumatologists completed post-visit surveys at 816 and 806 visits, respectively. Focus groups were conducted with 24 patients, 10 rheumatologists and 4 research/clinic staff. PROs influenced medical decision-making and RA treatment changes (38 and 18% of visits, respectively). Patients reported very high satisfaction and treatment confidence. Impact on clinical workflow was minimal after a period of initial adjustment. PROs were valued by patients and physicians, and provided new insight into how patients felt and functioned over time. Reviewing results together improved communication, and facilitated patient-centred care, shared decision making, and the identification of new symptoms and contributing psychosocial/behavioural factors.

Conclusion
PRO use at RA visits was feasible, increased understanding of how disease affects how patients feel and function, facilitated shared decision-making, and was associated with high patient satisfaction and treatment confidence.
OPTIMIZATION OF THE RADIOACTIVE AEROSOL SAMPLING AND MEASURING PROCEDURE WITH RESPECT TO RADON CONCENTRATION IN THE AIR
Authors: Hýža Miroslav , Rulík Petr , Bednář Vojtěch 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
High-volume aerosol samplers combined with laboratory analysis using high-resolution gamma ray spectrometry allow determining artificial radionuclides in the atmosphere at sub μBq/m3 levels. A major drawback of this procedure is a significant delay of the analysis result after any potential radioactive contamination deposition on the aerosol filter. Within the scope of the HAMRAD project, an autonomous device was developed in order to increase the sampling and measuring frequency. This approach yields higher detection limits (minimum detectable activity concentration [MDAC]) due to the deposited activity of radon decay products on the filter. In order to quantify the radon effect, a simple mathematical model was developed to predict MDAC for the particular radionuclide of interest for the given background conditions. It was found that MDAC can vary by a factor of ~2 for typical ‘radon’ conditions (~10 Bq/m3) at SÚRO Prague and by a factor up to 5 for high radon concentration (100 Bq/m3).
ASSOCIATION OF 210Po CONTENT IN URINE WITH CONCENTRATION OF 222Rn IN DWELLINGS
Authors: Valdezová Petra , Hölgye Zoltán , Fojtíková Ivana , Kotík Lukáš 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Effect of indoor radon concentrations higher than 500 Bq m−3 in dwellings on excretion of 210Po was studied in 28 volunteers. The study was further augmented by following eight individuals from the group for 5 months at 1-month intervals. Association between 222Rn concentration in homes and 210Po excretion was found when the dataset containing values of the studied 27 subjects was combined with data on 40 Prague inhabitants from the previous study. Sources of uncertainties involved in the analysis are discussed.
Parental Proxy PROMIS Pain Interference Scores are Only Modestly Concordant With Their Child’s Scores
Authors: Scott Eric L. , Foxen-Craft Emily , Caird Michelle , Philliben Riley , deSebour Trevor , Currier Emily , Voepel-Lewis Terri 
Published: October 2019

Objectives:
Pediatric patients with chronic musculoskeletal conditions such as idiopathic scoliosis awaiting surgical correction can experience pain that interferes with their daily functioning. Reports of this interference are commonly gathered from patients through the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Pain Interference Scale and through parent-proxy scores. However, the child and parent/caregiver reports vary. To provide appropriate treatment for young patients with pain, the nature of the discrepancies and under which circumstances the reports differ needs to be understood. This report offers new information on the level of concordance among parent and child report of pain interference within this patient population, and which parent and child characteristics may influence concordance rates.

Methods:
Youth (age=10 to 17 y) with a history of musculoskeletal disorders, including idiopathic scoliosis, under consideration for surgical correction of that scoliosis and parent/caregiver dyads (n=103) completed the PROMIS Pain Interference Scale during an orthopedic presurgical visit. The current data was taken from a larger study examining postsurgical pain among patients undergoing orthopedic surgical procedures to correct scoliosis. The purpose of the current study was to measure the degree of agreement between parent and child reports of pain interference and discovery of relationships among predictors of pain interference score correspondence among dyads.

Results:
Correspondence between parent/caregiver and child reports of pain interference was modest (intraclass correlation coefficient=0.530). In total, 46% of dyads had similar pain interference scores, whereas 24% of parents reported higher pain interference in comparison to their child, the remaining 30% reported lower pain interference in relation to their child’s report. Among children where discrepancies appeared, using logistic regression models, only child catastrophizing scores were associated with differences in parent and child estimation of child’s pain interference scores. No parental characteristics predicted discrepancies between dyad pain interference reports.

Discussion:
Parent-proxy and child reports generally correspond, but when discrepant, 24% of parents reported higher pain interference in relationship to the child report of pain interference and 31% noted less intense pain interference than their child’s pain interference. Given these results, care should be taken when interpreting parent reports of child pain interference, especially when a child reports higher degrees of pain interference.
Bremelanotide for the Treatment of Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder
Authors: Kingsberg Sheryl A. , Clayton Anita H. , Portman David , Williams Laura A. , Krop Julie , Jordan Robert , Lucas Johna , Simon James A. 
Published: October 2019

OBJECTIVE:
To evaluate the safety and efficacy of bremelanotide for the treatment of premenopausal women with hypoactive sexual desire disorder.

METHODS:
Two identical phase 3, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter clinical trials (RECONNECT) evaluated the safety and efficacy of bremelanotide 1.75 mg administered subcutaneously as needed in premenopausal women with hypoactive sexual desire disorder. Patients were randomized 1:1 to 24 weeks of treatment with bremelanotide or placebo. Sample size was estimated based on simulations from key endpoints in patients with hypoactive sexual desire disorder from a prior trial. Coprimary efficacy endpoints were change from baseline to end-of-study in the Female Sexual Function Index–desire domain score and Female Sexual Distress Scale–Desire/Arousal/Orgasm item 13.

RESULTS:
Study 301 began on January 7, 2015, and concluded on July 26, 2016. Study 302 began on January 28, 2015, and concluded on August 4, 2016. Of the 1,267 women randomized, 1,247 and 1,202 were in the safety and efficacy (modified intent-to-treat) populations, respectively. Most participants were white (85.6%), from U.S. sites (96.6%), and had a mean age of 39 years. From baseline to end-of-study, women taking bremelanotide had statistically significant increases in sexual desire (study 301: 0.30, P<.001; study 302: 0.42, P<.001; integrated studies 0.35, P<.001) and statistically significant reductions in distress related to low sexual desire (study 301: −0.37, P<.001; study 302: −0.29, P=.005; integrated studies −0.33, P<.001) compared with placebo. Patients taking bremelanotide experienced more nausea, flushing, and headache (10% or more in both studies) compared with placebo.

CONCLUSIONS:
Both studies demonstrated that bremelanotide significantly improved sexual desire and related distress in premenopausal women with hypoactive sexual desire disorder. The safety profile was favorable. Most treatment-emergent adverse events were related to tolerability and the majority were mild or moderate in intensity.

CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION:

ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02333071 (study 301) and NCT02338960 (study 302).

FUNDING SOURCE:
Palatin Technologies, Inc., and AMAG Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
Methadone, Buprenorphine, or Detoxification for Management of Perinatal Opioid Use Disorder
Authors: Premkumar Ashish , Grobman William A. , Terplan Mishka , Miller Emily S. 
Published: October 2019

OBJECTIVE:
To estimate whether methadone, buprenorphine, or detoxification treatment is the most cost-effective approach to the management of opioid use disorder (OUD) during pregnancy.

METHODS:
We created a decision analytic model that compared the cost effectiveness (eg, the marginal cost of the strategy in U.S. dollars divided by the marginal effectiveness of the strategy, measured in quality-adjusted life-years [QALYs]) of initiation of methadone, buprenorphine, or detoxification in treatment of OUD during pregnancy. Probabilities, costs, and utilities were estimated from the existing literature. Incremental cost-effective ratios for each strategy were calculated, and a ratio of $100,000 per QALY was used to define cost effectiveness. One-way sensitivity analyses and a Monte Carlo probabilistic sensitivity analysis were performed.

RESULTS:
Under base assumptions, initiation of buprenorphine was more effective at a lower cost than either methadone or detoxification and thus was the dominant strategy. Buprenorphine was no longer cost effective if the cost of methadone was 8% less than the base-case estimate ($1,646/month) or if the overall costs of detoxification were 121% less than the base-case estimate for the detoxification cost multiplier, which was used to increase the values of both inpatient and outpatient management of detoxification by a factor of 2. Monte Carlo analyses revealed that buprenorphine was the cost-effective strategy in 70.5% of the simulations. Direct comparison of buprenorphine with methadone demonstrated that buprenorphine was below the incremental cost-effective ratio in 95.1% of simulations; direct comparison between buprenorphine and detoxification demonstrated that buprenorphine was below the incremental cost-effective ratio in 45% of simulations.

CONCLUSION:
Under most circumstances, we estimate that buprenorphine is the cost-effective strategy when compared with either methadone or detoxification as treatment for OUD during pregnancy. Nonetheless, the fact that buprenorphine was not the cost-effective strategy in almost one out of three of simulations suggests that the robustness of our model may be limited and that further evaluation of the cost-effective approach to the management of OUD during pregnancy is needed.
Extracorporeal Therapies for Amniotic Fluid Embolism
Authors: Viau-Lapointe Julien , Filewod Niall 
Published: October 2019

BACKGROUND:
Amniotic fluid embolism (AFE) is a catastrophic disease with significant mortality. Because the cardiopulmonary dysfunction associated with AFE is self-limited, the disease could be well suited to the use of extracorporeal therapies.

CASE:
A woman progressed into cardiac arrest immediately after an elective cesarean delivery. Owing to severe hypoxemia and hypotension, AFE was suspected and peripheral venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation was quickly initiated. Subsequent evolution was complicated by intrabdominal bleeding, which required massive transfusion and multiple surgeries. The patient recovered well, with a healthy newborn. We have identified 19 similar cases in the literature and present their outcomes as a series.

CONCLUSION:
Extracorporeal therapies can support severely ill women affected by AFE and could be considered even in the presence of disseminated intravascular coagulation and bleeding.
Peripartum Outcomes Before and After Hurricane Harvey
Authors: Mendez-Figueroa Hector , Chauhan Suneet P. , Tolcher Mary C. , Shamshirsaz Alireza A. , Sangi-Haghpeykar Haleh , Pace Ryan M. , Chu Derrick M. , Aagaard Kjersti 
Published: October 2019

OBJECTIVE:
To evaluate the association between Hurricane Harvey landfall with maternal and neonatal morbidity.

METHODS:
Using an institutional perinatal database from two hospitals in Houston, Texas, women with nonanomalous singletons delivering after 24 weeks of gestation between August 2011 and June 2018 were included. To evaluate the possible association of hurricane landfall with pregnancy outcomes, gravid women delivering within 280 days (40 weeks of gestation) on or after August 25, 2017 (the day of hurricane landfall) were categorized as exposed, and women who delivered before August 25, 2017, were the reference group. Composite maternal morbidity included any of the following: hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, chorioamnionitis, endometritis, blood transfusion, peripartum hysterectomy, maternal critical care admission, pulmonary edema, or maternal death. Composite neonatal morbidity included any of the following: 5-minute Apgar score 3 or less, respiratory distress syndrome, use of ventilator or continuous positive airway pressure, suspected newborn sepsis, seizure, stillbirth, or neonatal death. Adjusted odds ratios (aORs) were calculated after correcting for possible confounders identified on univariate analysis. Disruption in outcome trends were measured in time series analyses.

RESULTS:
Of 40,502 deliveries in our database, 29,179 (72%) met the inclusion criteria, with 3,842 (13.2%) delivering within 280 days of Hurricane Harvey landfall. Women delivering after Hurricane Harvey were on average less likely to be obese and more likely to be older, Caucasian, married, have a household income higher than $75,000, a high school education, and private insurance. However, compared with the cohort of gravid patients who delivered before Hurricane Harvey, composite maternal morbidity increased by 27% (11.5% vs 14.7%, aOR 1.27, 95% CI 1.14–1.42) after the storm. Composite neonatal morbidity increased by 50% (7.8% vs 11.9%, aOR 1.52, 95% CI 1.34–1.71). In time series analyses, we observed a significant shift in composite maternal morbidity specific to women of low socioeconomic status (estimate 2.87, P=.028).

CONCLUSION:
Despite having fewer at-risk baseline characteristics, gravid patients delivering after landfall by Hurricane Harvey had a significantly higher likelihood of adverse outcomes as did their neonates.
A Comparison of Two Methods of Catheter Management After Pelvic Reconstructive Surgery
Authors: Boyd Sarah S. , O'Sullivan David M. , Tunitsky-Bitton Elena 
Published: October 2019

OBJECTIVE:
To compare effects on activity between two catheter management systems after failed voiding trial after pelvic reconstructive surgery.

METHODS:
Women with a failed postoperative voiding trial after reconstructive pelvic surgeries were randomized to plug–unplug or continuous drainage catheters. The primary outcome was a mean activity assessment scale score. Secondary outcomes included urinary tract infection (UTI), time to passing outpatient voiding trial, and patient satisfaction. Enrollees who passed the voiding trial were assigned to a “Reference” arm. Ninety participants (30 per arm) provided more than 80% power to detect an effect size of 0.33 in the primary outcome, using a two-sided alpha of 0.05.

RESULTS:
Sixty-three patients were randomized (32 plug–unplug, 31 continuous drainage). The first 30 participants discharged without a catheter comprised the reference arm. There was no difference in postoperative activity assessment scale scores (total: plug–unplug 70.3, continuous drainage 67.7, reference arm 79.4; P=.090) between arms. Women in the continuous drainage arm noted more difficulty compared with the plug–unplug arm when managing the catheter “during the day” (P=.043) and “all the time” (P=.049) and felt the catheter impeded activities (P=.012) and wearing clothes (P=.005). The catheter arms had significantly higher rates of culture-positive UTI compared with the reference arm (58.7% vs 6.7%, P<.001). However, rate of UTI did not differ between catheter arms (plug–unplug, 68.8% vs continuous drainage, 48.4%, P=.625). The majority of patients passed their outpatient voiding trials at the initial postoperative visit (plug–unplug 71.9%, continuous drainage 58.1%, P=.250). There was no difference in patient satisfaction, with the majority reporting they were “very satisfied” (plug–unplug 78.1%, continuous drainage 80.0%, reference 66.7%, P=.202).

CONCLUSION:
Postoperative activity does not differ in patients discharged with plug–unplug or continuous drainage catheters, but those with plug–unplug perceive easier management and ability to complete activities of daily living. The plug–unplug method is an acceptable alternative to traditional catheterization after pelvic reconstructive surgery.

CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION:

ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03071211.
Long-term Risk of Reoperation After Synthetic Mesh Midurethral Sling Surgery for Stress Urinary Incontinence
Authors: Berger Alexander A. , Tan-Kim Jasmine , Menefee Shawn A. 
Published: October 2019

OBJECTIVE:
To measure the long-term reoperation risk after synthetic mesh midurethral sling surgery.

METHODS:
This retrospective cohort study evaluated all patients who underwent a midurethral sling surgery for stress urinary incontinence (SUI) (2005–2016) within a large managed care organization of 4.5 million members. We queried the system-wide medical record for Current Procedural Terminology and International Classification of Diseases, 9th or 10th Revision codes for patient data, and implant registry coding to assess the sling type. The primary outcome was the overall reoperation rate after midurethral sling, with secondary outcomes being reoperation for mesh revision, or removal and recurrent SUI. We used cumulative incidence to calculate reoperation risk as a function of time at least 1 year, least 5 years, and at least 9 years. We compared demographics, characteristics, and reoperation of patients using χ2 and Wilcoxon rank sum, and we used a Cox proportional hazards model to calculate adjusted hazard ratios.

RESULTS:
In this cohort of 17,030 patients treated with primary midurethral slings, the overall reoperation rate was 2.1% (95% CI 1.9–2.4%) at 1 year, 4.5% (95% CI 4.1–4.8%) at 5 years, and 6.0% (95% CI 5.5–6.5%) at 9 years. Risk of reoperation was affected by race (P=.04), with Asian or Pacific Islander patients having a lower reoperation rate when compared with white patients. Reoperation rate for mesh revision or removal was 0.7% (95% CI 0.6–0.8%) at 1 year, 1.0% (95% CI 0.8–1.1%) at 5 years, and 1.1% (95% CI 0.9–1.3%) at 9 years. Reoperation for recurrent SUI was 1.6% (95% CI 1.4–1.8%) at 1 year, 3.9% (95% CI 3.5–4.2%) at 5 years, and 5.2% (95% CI 4.7–5.7%) at 9 years. Risk of reoperation for recurrent SUI was affected by the type of sling, with reoperation more common after single-incision compared with retropubic sling (adjusted hazard ratio 1.5 [95% CI 1.06–2.11] P=.03).

CONCLUSION:
Midurethral slings have a low long-term risk of reoperation for mesh revision or removal, and recurrent SUI, adding to the evidence of their safety and efficacy for the treatment of women with SUI.