bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rheology of Commercial and Model Ice Creams
Authors: Martin P.J. , Odic K.N. , Russell A.B. , Burns I.W. , Wilson D.I. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The rheologies of a shear-frozen commercial ice cream and of a model ice cream foam have been studied at − 5ºC and other temperatures by capillary rheometry on a commercial manufacturing line and in a Multi-Pass Rheometer, respectively. Both were 50 vol% aerated emulsions of milk fat in an aqueous sucrose solution, but the model ice cream foam was without ice crystals. The data indicate significant wall slip effects which have been analysed using the classical Mooney method, the Jastrzebski variant and one based on Tikhonov regularization. The latter approach yields ‘most convincing results’, including a previously unreported region of shear thickening at very high shear rates of ~ 3000 s-1 for the model ice cream foam, when the capillary number indicates a possible transition in the flow around bubbles from domination by interfacial effects to viscous effects. Viscous heating effects were observed at relatively low shear rates for the commercial ice cream, but not the model ice cream foam. This was attributed to the melting of the ice crystal phase in the commercial ice cream, and, hence, absent from the model ice cream foam.
Review of the Electrorheological (Er) Effect of Polyurethane-based Er Fluids
Authors: Schneider S. , Eibl S. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Electrorheological fluids (ERF) change viscosity when an electric field is applied. A special type of ERF consists of polyurethane particles which are doped with Li+ and /or Zn2+ cations and suspended in silicone oil. This article gives an overview of the temperature dependent behavior of the ER effect for these fluids and describes the basic principles how this is explained. Chemical analyses provide information as a basis for a polarization model in several dimensions down to molecular size.
Yield Stress of Emulsions and Suspensions as Measured in Steady Shearing and in Oscillations
Authors: Masalova I. , Malkin A.Ya. , Foudazi R. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The yield stresses of five samples (two highly concentrated emulsions, two Kaolin dispersions and mayonnaise) were determined in two ways. In one case, steady shear experiments were performed over a range of incrementally decreasing shear rates. The resulting flow curves, plotted as shear stress against shear rate, clearly showed the existence of a yield stress for each sample, the Herschel-Bulkley model being fitted to obtain values. In the second case, oscillatory amplitude sweeps were performed at three frequencies, and the “dynamic yield stress” was defined as the stress at which deviation from linearity occurred; this procedure has often been used to determine the yield stress of emulsions. It was found that the dynamic yield stress is frequency dependent, and cannot therefore be thought of as physically meaningful material property. At no frequency did the dynamic yield stress correlate with the yield stress obtained from the flow curves.
Magnetic Drug Targeting: An Analytical Model for the Influence of Blood Properties on Particle Trajectories
Authors: Gleich Bernhard , Weyh Thomas , Wolf Bernhard 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Investigations on the behaviour of superparamagnetic nanoparticles under the influence of a high gradient magnetic field in the vascular system is required for a better under-standing of magnetic drug targeting. The influence on the particle transport of the non-Newtonian and Newtonian properties of blood as well as the influence of the heart rate was therefore studied. A analytical model was developed and the calculation of particle trajectories is presented and evaluated. The results show that the non-Newtonian properties of the blood have a positive influence on the number of retended nanoparticles. The calculations also showed that the number of retained nanoparticles was lower in oscillatory flow profile than in steady flow. The influence of the heart rate can be neglected for Womersley numbers smaller than 1.5.
Rheological Characterization of Highly Concentrated Mineral Suspensions Using Ultrasound Velocity Profiling with Combined Pressure Difference Method
Authors: Kotzé Reinhardt , Haldenwang Rainer , Slatter Paul 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The rheological behaviour of non-Newtonian, highly concentrated and non-transparent fluids used in industry have so far been analysed using commercially available instruments, such as conventional rotational rheometers and tube viscometers. When dealing with the prediction of non-Newtonian flows in pipes, pipe fittings and open channels, most of the models used are empirical in nature. The fact that the fluids or slurries that are used normally are opaque, effectively narrows down the variety of applicable in-line rheometers even further, as these instruments are normally based on laser or visible light techniques, such as Laser Doppler Anemometry. In this research, an Ultrasonic Velocity Profiling technique (UVP), in combination with a pressure difference (PD) measurement, was tested to provide in-line measurement of rheological parameters. The main objective of this research was to evaluate the capabilities of the UVP-PD technique for rheological characterisation of different concentrations of non-transparent non-Newtonian slurries. Kaolin, bentonite, Carboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC) and water solutions were used as model non-Newtonian mining slurries. Results determined by the UVP-PD method were compared with results obtained by off-line rheometry and in-line tube viscometry. The agreement between the UVP-PD method, tube viscometry and conventional rheometry was found to be within 15 % for all of the highly concentrated mineral suspensions investigated over a given range of shear rates. This method, if used in combination with a pressure difference technique (PD), has been found to have a significant potential in the development process of new in-line rheometers for process control within the mining industry.
Microrheometry for Studying the Rheology and Dynamics of Polymers Near Interfaces
Authors: Braithwaite Gavin J.C. , McKinley Gareth H. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The design of an instrument capable of opto-mechanical studies of the rheology of viscoelastic polymeric fluids near solid interfaces is described. The instrument probes the ‘meso’-scale (length scales of 0 (μm)) and bridges the gap between molecular-scale devices such as the Surface Force Apparatus (SFA) and conventional rheometers. The high viscosity materials and intermediate length scales probed with the current device are of direct relevance to industrial coating and thin film polymer processing operations, in addition to fundamental investigations of slip and interfacial instabilities. The device utilises small fluid samples (of the order of 1 μL), allows a wide range of viscosities (and thus molecular weights) to be investigated and can also be used with different substrate materials and surface coatings. Direct optical access to the sample also permits in-situ rheo-optical studies of material response under different loading conditions and flow histories.
Influence of the Electric Field on the Electrorheological Behaviour of Crystalline Cellulose Suspensions in Silicone Oils
Authors: Pavlínek V. , Sáha P. , Kitano T. , Tanegashima T. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
This work deals with electrorheological (ER) behaviour of moist crystalline cellulose dispersed in silicone oils of different viscosities (0.1, 0.35 and 1.0 Pa.s) in DC and 50 Hz AC electric fields. The experiments were performed on a parallel-plate viscometer with various width of the gap. In the AC field the intensity of the ER effect was lower and the rheological behaviour of suspensions was in accordance with the Bingham law. In the DC field, on the other hand, the flow curves were rather complex. Higher viscosity of the continuous phase limited reorganization of the ER structure in the flow field; hence, the ER effect intensity was lower. The plot of relative viscosity, η/ηc, vs. the Mason number, Mn, provided a common line, which supports an idea of a pronounced influence of the ratio of viscous and polarization forces as the main factor controlling electrorheological properties of the system.
Secure communication for Industrie 4.0
Authors: Jänicke Lutz 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Industrie 4.0 fosters the concept of systems within one company to communicate with external systems in other companies or cloud services. Such communication across security domains creates new challenges as multiple stakeholders with different, sometimes conflicting objectives are involved. Typical examples are confidentiality versus monitoring. Current security architectures and protocols are not designed to resolve these challenges.
Authorization in asset administration shells using OPC UA
Authors: Schmitt Johannes , Gamer Thomas , Platenius-Mohr Marie , Malakuti Somayeh , Finster Sören 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Industrie 4.0 (I4.0) in Germany—or Industrial Internet 4.0, as it is called internationally—are key initiatives in order to bring digitization into the automation domain by taking advantage of recent technology advancements such as the Internet of Things (IoT). The core concept for I4.0 is the digital twin or asset administration shell (AAS), as it is called by the German Plattform Industrie 4.0 initiative. It shall provide a machine-readable description of I4.0 components, being available over the entire lifecycle and being used for various advanced use cases and services.
Security has been an increasingly known and needed aspect during the last years and is a key requirement to make I4.0 actually happen. In a previous paper we proposed concepts for integrating authorization tightly into OPC Unified Architecture (OPC UA)-based information models. OPC UA is a new and promising industrial technology, which could be used to implement AAS concepts. The current proposals for AAS define necessary security concepts; however, there is no work explaining how these concepts can be implemented in OPC UA. This paper closes this gap by elaborating on realization alternatives in OPC UA. Furthermore, we extend our basic performance evaluation with more realistic data access patterns based on I4.0 use cases, showing the applicability of our approach in practice.
Intrinsic Religiosity, Personality Traits, and Adolescent Risky Behaviors
Authors: Mendolia Silvia , Paloyo Alfredo , Walker Ian 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
We investigate the relationship between self-reported importance of religion and risky behaviors in adolescence using data from a large and detailed longitudinal study of English teenagers. We use school and individual fixed effects, and treatment effects with inverse-probability-weighted regression adjustment, controlling for a rich set of characteristics, including individual personality traits. Our results show that individuals with low religiosity are more likely to engage in risky health behaviors.
A Newton Div-Curl Least-Squares Finite Element Method for the Elliptic Monge–Ampère Equation
Authors: Westphal Chad R. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
This paper develops a new finite element approach for the efficient approximation of classical solutions of the elliptic Monge–Ampère equation.
We use an outer Newton-like linearization and a first-order system least-squares reformulation at the continuous level to define a sequence of first-order div-curl systems.
For problems on convex domains with smooth and appropriately bounded data, this framework gives robust results: convergence of the nonlinear iteration in a small number of steps, and optimal finite element convergence rates with respect to the meshsize.
Numerical results using standard piecewise quadratic or cubic elements for all unknowns illustrate convergence results.
Representation theoretic realization of non-symmetric Macdonald polynomials at infinity
Authors: Feigin Evgeny , Kato Syu , Makedonskyi Ievgen 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
We study the non-symmetric Macdonald polynomials specialized at infinity from various points of view.
First, we define a family of modules of the Iwahori algebra whose characters are equal to the
non-symmetric Macdonald polynomials specialized at infinity. Second, we show that these modules are
isomorphic to the dual spaces of sections of certain sheaves on the semi-infinite Schubert varieties.
Third, we prove that the global versions of these modules are homologically dual to the level one
affine Demazure modules for simply-laced Dynkin types except for type

E
8

{\mathrm{E}_{8}}

.
On a topology property for the moduli space of Kapustin–Witten equations
Authors: Huang Teng 
Published: June 2019

AbstractIn this article, we study the Kapustin–Witten equations on a closed, simply connected, four-dimensional manifold which were introduced by Kapustin and Witten. We use Taubes’ compactness theorem [C. H. Taubes, Compactness theorems forSL⁢(2;ℂ){\mathrm{SL}(2;\mathbb{C})}generalizations of the 4-dimensional anti-self dual equations, preprint 2014,https://arxiv.org/abs/1307.6447v4] to prove that if(A,ϕ){(A,\phi)}is a smooth solution to the Kapustin–Witten equations and the connectionAis closed to agenericASD connectionA∞{A_{\infty}}, then(A,ϕ){(A,\phi)}must be a trivial solution. We also prove that the moduli space of the solutions to the Kapustin–Witten equations is non-connected if the connections on the compactification of moduli space of ASD connections are allgeneric. At last, we extend the results for the Kapustin–Witten equations to other equations on gauge theory such as the Hitchin–Simpson equations and the Vafa–Witten on a compact Kähler surface.
RCS Enhancement of Dielectric Resonator Tag Using Spherical Lens
Authors: Alhaj Abbas Ali , El-Absi Mohammed , Abuelhaija Ashraf , Solbach Klaus , Kaiser Thomas 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The RCS of flat cylindrical Dielectric Resonators (DR) is investigated and found to be too low for an application of the resonators as tags in a novel indoor localization system at mm-wave frequencies. As a method to increase the RCS of a DR tag, we propose the combination with a constant-index spherical lens. The collimation and scattering properties of this lens type are found suitable for a combination with DRs. The optimum relative permittivity of the lens is found in the range of ϵr=1.6 to 2.8 and the optimum distance between lens surface and DR is found slightly larger than the radius of the DR. RCS enhancement is found to vary with the modes of the DR but increases approximately with the fourth power of the lens radius. However, RCS signatures become corrupted by scattering due to mismatch effects of large lenses such that the lens diameter has to be limited to 4 to 5 wavelengths with the RCS enhancement limited to about 30 to 35 dB. Simulation and experimental verification are performed at a down-scaled frequency range from 4 GHz to 7 GHz using lenses of 60 mm and 120 mm diameter made of paraffin wax.
Effect of pH on Protein Extraction from Mahaleb Kernels and Functional Properties of Resulting Protein Concentrate
Authors: Güzel Melih , Çelik Mehtap , Yildirim Metin 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The aims of this research were to examine the effect of pH on extraction of proteins from mahaleb (Prunus mahaleb L.) kernels, and to investigate the functional properties of resulting protein concentrate. The optimum pH values for the protein extraction and precipitation were determined as 10.0 and 4.5, respectively. The protein concentrate containing 92.73% dry matter, 6.29% ash, 6.02% carbohydrate, 1.42% fat and 73.11% protein was produced by using these extraction and precipitation pH values. Water-holding capacity, oil-holding capacity and the least gelling concentration of the protein concentrate were 2.81 g water/g, 1.66 g oil/g and 12%, respectively. Moreover, emulsifying activity and stability indices, foaming capacity and stability of protein concentrate were 27.21 m2/g, 81.05 min, 43.75% and 71.33% (after 30 min), respectively. The functional and chemical properties of the protein concentrate indicate that it may find application as functional ingredient for various food products.
When is she a woman?: Gendered subject forming language in TRAP laws
Authors: Rupp Nathan Black 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
This article examines the ways in which states can exercise dispersed disciplinary power as exemplified in a selective erasure of gender from Indiana’s Targeted Regulations of Abortion Providers (TRAP) laws. To do this, this article investigates a critical discourse analysis using Indiana’s TRAP laws that have been brought to the floor of the state legislature from 2013–2018. The major narrative present throughout these texts is an intentional re-framing of gendered subjectivity or who gets to be called “woman”. Such state-driven discourse has the power to regulate social norms. Such norms and language assumptions often find their way into policy, including those defining how women can act or not act in regard to the termination of a pregnancy. Thus, by examining how TRAP laws deploy certain discourse, one better understands how the state, via legislation, takes an active role in controlling the public sphere by becoming an institutionalized pattern of interpretation.
Recovering Moho constituents from satellite altimetry and gravimetric data for Europe and surroundings
Authors: Abrehdary M. , Sjöberg L. E. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
In this research, we present a local Moho model, named MOHV19, including Moho depth and Moho density contrast (or shortly Moho constituents) with corresponding uncertainties, which are mapped from altimetric and gravimetric data (DSNSC08) in addition to seismic tomographic (CRUST1.0) and Earth topographic data (Earth2014) to a resolution of 1° × 1° based on a solution of Vening Meinesz-Moritz’ theory of isostasy. The MOHV19 model covers the area of entire European plate along with the surrounding oceans, bounded by latitudes (30 °N–82 °N) and longitudes (40 °W–70 °E). The article aims to interpret the Moho model resulted via altimetric and gravimetric information from the geological and geophysical perspectives along with investigating the relation between the Moho depth and Moho density contrast. Our numerical results show that estimated Moho depths range from 7.5 to 57.9 km with continental and oceanic averages of 41.3 ± 4.9 km and 21.6 ± 9.2 km, respectively, and an overall average of 30.9 ± 12.3 km. The estimated Moho density contrast ranges from 60.2 to 565.8 kg/m3, with averages of 421.8 ± 57.9 and 284.4 ± 62.9 kg/m3 for continental and oceanic regions, respectively, with a total average of 350.3 ± 91.5 kg/m3. In most areas, estimated uncertainties in the Moho constituents are less than 3 km and 40 kg/m3, respectively, but they reach to much more significant values under Iceland, parts of Gulf of Bothnia and along the Kvitoya Island. Comparing the Moho depths estimated by MOHV19 and those derived by CRUST1.0, MDN07, GRAD09 and MD19 models shows that MOHV19 agree fairly well with CRUST1.0 but rather poor with other models. The RMS difference between the Moho density contrasts estimated by MOHV19 and CRUST1.0 models is 49.45 kg/m3.
A Divine Couple: Demeter Malophoros and Zeus Meilichios in Selinus
Authors: Stallsmith Allaire B. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThis paper concerns a collection of rough-hewn flat stelae excavated from the precinct of Zeus Meilichios in Selinus, Sicily between 1915 and 1926, a majority with two heads or busts, one male and one female, carved at their tops. These crudely fashioned idols are unique in their iconography. They combine the flat inscribed Punic stela with the Greek figural tradition, with some indigenous features. Their meaning is totally obscure – especially since they lack any literary reference. No comparable monuments have been found in ancient Mediterranean cult. The twin stelae were often set up above a collection of burnt rodent and bird bones, ashes, lamps, broken and burnt pottery and terracotta figurines, as a memorial of a sacrifice. The stelae were the objects of a gentilicial cult, similar to that posited for the inscribed “Meilichios stones” with which they shared the Field of Stelae of Zeus Meilichios. The theory advanced here interprets these diminutive stelae (average height 30 cm) as the objects of domestic cult. It was customary in many parts of the ancient Mediterranean, from the Bronze Age down to the Roman period, to venerate household or family gods who protected the health and the wealth of the family. They were thought to embody the spirits of the ancestors and could at times be identified with the gods of the state religion.This divine couple whose effigies were dedicated in the Field of Stelae over a period of four centuries, into the third century, cannot be claimed as Greek or Punic deities. What these nameless protectors of the family were called we cannot say: Meilichios and Meilichia, Father and Mother, or Lord and Lady of the household? As the objects of such a personal domestic cult, their names might have differed with each family.
Involvement of proinflammatory cytokines and metallothionein in the repairing of arsenic-mediated uterine tissue damage by curcumin
Authors: Perveen Hasina , Chattopadhyay Sandip , Maity Moulima , Dash Moumita , Islam Syed Sirajul 
Published: June 2019

Abstract

Background
Curcumin is extensively used as a therapeutic intervention for treating several ailments. The antioxidant curcumin has an anti-inflammatory and chelating property with arsenic to exhibit a strong therapeutic effect on reproductive organs. This study was undertaken to describe the protective effect of noninvasive administration of curcumin against sodium-arsenite-mediated uterine hazards in female Wistar rats.

Methods
Twenty-four female Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups. The treatment was continued for 8 days and given orally sodium arsenite (10 mg/kg body weight) in combination with curcumin (20 mg/kg body weight).

Results
Our evaluation revealed that 8 days of sodium arsenite (10 mg/kg body weight) treatment reduced the activities of the uterine enzymatic antioxidants superoxide dismutase, catalase, and peroxidase. Blood levels of vitamin B12 and folic acid decreased followed by an increased serum lactate dehydrogenase, homocysteine level, and hepatic metallothionein-1 in arsenic-treated rats. Necrosis of uterine tissue along with the disruption of ovarian steroidogenesis was marked in arsenic-treated rats with an upregulation of uterine NF-κB and IL-6 along with a raised level of serum TNF-α. Oral administration of curcumin (20 mg/kg body weight/day) in arsenic-treated rats significantly reinstated these alterations of the antioxidant system followed by an improvement of ovarian steroidogenesis and the circulating level of B12 and folate along with the downregulation of serum homocysteine, metallothionein-1, and cytokines.

Conclusions
The findings of this study clearly and strongly elucidated that arsenic-induced oxidative stress in uterus is linked to an alteration of inflammation-signaling biomarkers and these have been protected through the co-administration of curcumin due to its anti-inflammatory, free radical scavenging, and antioxidant activity by the possible regulation of an S-adenosine methionine pool.
On groups whose actions on finite-dimensional CAT(0) spaces have global fixed points
Authors: Kato Motoko 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
We give a criterion for group elements to have fixed points with respect to a semi-simple action on a complete CAT(0) space of finite topological dimension.
As an application, we show that Thompson’s group T and various generalizations of Thompson’s group V have global fixed points when they act semi-simply on finite-dimensional complete CAT(0) spaces, while it is known that T and V act properly on infinite-dimensional CAT(0) cube complexes.