bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characteristics of mid-infrared PAH emission from star-forming galaxies selected at 250 μm in the North Ecliptic Pole field
Authors: Kim Seong Jin , Jeong Woong-Seob , Goto Tomotsugu , Lee Hyung Mok , Shim Hyunjin , Pearson Chris , Im Myungshin , Matsuhara Hideo , Seo Hyunjong , Hashimoto Tetsuya , Kim Minjin , Chiang Chia-Ying , Barrufet Laia , Varillas Maria del Carmen Campos 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Evolutionary properties of infrared (IR) luminous galaxies are important keys to understand dust-obscured star formation history and galaxy evolution. Based on near- to mid-IR imaging with nine continuous filters of the AKARI space telescope, we present the characteristics of dusty star-forming (SF) galaxies showing polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) features observed by the North Ecliptic Pole (NEP) wide field survey of AKARI and Herschel. All the sample galaxies from the AKARI/NEP-Wide data are selected based both on the Herschel/SPIRE 250 μm detection and optical spectroscopic redshift data. The physical modeling of spectral energy distribution (SED) using all available data points from u* to sub-mm 500 μm band, including WISE and PACS data where available, takes unique advantages of the continuous near- to mid-IR coverage, the reliable constraint on the far-IR peak, and spectroscopically determined accurate redshifts, as well as the energy balance principle by MAGPHYS. This enables us to derive physically meaningful and accurate total infrared luminosity and 8 μm (or PAH) luminosity consistently. Our sample galaxies are in the redshift range $z$ &lt; 1, and the majority of them appear to be normal SF/spiral populations showing PAH features near 8 μm. These SF galaxies showing PAHs in the mid-IR include various types, from quiescent to starbursts. Some of our sample show shortage of 8 μm luminosity compared to the total IR luminosity and this PAH deficit gets severe in more-luminous IR galaxies, suggesting PAH molecules in these galaxies are destroyed by a strong radiation field from the SF region or a large amount of cold dust in the interstellar medium. The specific SFR of our sample shows mass-dependent time evolution which is consistent with a downsizing evolutionary pattern.
Nilpotency and strong nilpotency for finite semigroups
Authors: Almeida J , Shahzamanian M H , Kufleitner M 
Published: October 2018

AbstractNilpotent semigroups in the sense of Mal’cev are defined by semigroup identities. Finite nilpotent semigroups constitute a pseudovariety, MN, which has finite rank. The semigroup identities that define nilpotent semigroups lead us to define strongly Mal’cev nilpotent semigroups. Finite strongly Mal’cev nilpotent semigroups constitute a non-finite rank pseudovariety, SMN. The pseudovariety SMN is strictly contained in the pseudovariety MN, but all finite nilpotent groups are in SMN. We show that the pseudovariety MN is the intersection of the pseudovariety BGnil with a pseudovariety defined by a κ-identity. We further compare the pseudovarieties MN and SMN with the Mal’cev product 𝖩ⓜ𝖦nill.
Histologic evidence that mast cells contribute to local tissue inflammation in peripheral spondyloarthritis by regulating interleukin-17A content
Authors: Chen Sijia , Noordenbos Troy , Blijdorp Iris , van Mens Leonieke , Ambarus Carmen A , Vogels Esther , te Velde Anje , Alsina Mercé , Cañete Juan D , Yeremenko Nataliya , Baeten Dominique 
Published: October 2018

Abstract

Objectives
Synovial mast cells contain IL-17A, a key driver of tissue inflammation in SpA. A recent in vitro study showed that tissue-derived mast cells can capture and release exogenous IL-17A. The present study aimed to investigate if this mechanism could contribute to tissue inflammation in SpA.

Methods
Potential activation of mast cells by IL-17A was assessed by gene expression analysis of the Laboratory of Allergic Diseases 2 (LAD2) mast cell line. The presence of IL-17A-positive mast cells was assessed by immunohistochemistry in synovial tissue obtained before and after secukinumab treatment, as well as in skin and gut tissues from SpA-related conditions.

Results
IL-17A did not induce a pro-inflammatory response in human LAD2 mast cells according to the canonical IL-17A signalling pathway. In SpA synovial tissue, the percentage of IL-17A-positive mast cells increased upon treatment with secukinumab. IL-17A-positive mast cells were also readily detectable in non-inflamed barrier tissues such as skin and gut. In non-inflamed dermis and gut submucosa, IL-17A-positive mast cells are the most prevalent IL-17A-positive cells in situ. Compared with non-inflamed tissues, both total mast cells and IL-17A-positive mast cells were increased in psoriatic skin dermis and in submucosa from inflammatory bowel disease gut. In contrast, the proportion of IL-17A-positive mast cells was strikingly lower in the inflamed compared with non-inflamed gut lamina propria.

Conclusion
IL-17A-positive mast cells are present across SpA target tissues and correlate inversely with inflammation, indicating that their IL-17A content can be regulated. Tissue-resident mast cells may act as IL-17A-loaded sentinel cells, which release IL-17A to amplify tissue inflammation.
Design and Implementation of an Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) Program for Minimally Invasive Lumbar Decompression Spine Surgery
Authors: Soffin Ellen M. , Vaishnav Avani S. , Wetmore Douglas S. , Barber Lauren , Hill Patrick , Gang Catherine Himo , Beckman James D. , Albert Todd J. , Qureshi Sheeraz A. 
Published: October 2018

Study Design.
A retrospective cohort study of prospectively collected data.

Objective.
The aim of this study was to describe the development of and early experience with an evidence-based enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) pathway for lumbar decompression.

Summary of Background Data.
ERAS protocols have been consistently associated with improved patient experience and outcomes, and reduced cost and length of hospital stay (LoS). Despite successes in other orthopedic subspecialties, ERAS has yet to be established in spine surgery. Here, we report the development of and initial experience with the first comprehensive ERAS pathway for MIS lumbar spine surgery.

Methods.
An evidence-based review of the literature was performed to select components of the ERAS pathway. The pathway was applied to 61 consecutive patients presenting for microdiscectomy or lumbar laminotomy/laminectomy between dates. Data collection was performed by review of the electronic medical record. We evaluated compliance with individual ERAS process measures, and adherence to the overall pathway. The primary outcome was LoS. Demographics, comorbidities, perioperative course, prevalence of opioid tolerance, and factors affecting LoS were also documented.

Results.
The protocol included 15 standard ERAS elements. Overall pathway compliance was 85.03%. Median LoS was 279 minutes [interquartile range (IQR) 195–398 minutes] overall, 298 minutes (IQR 192–811) for lumbar decompression and 285 minutes (IQR 200–372) for microdiscectomy. There was no correlation between surgical subtype or duration and LoS. Overall, 37% of the cohort was opioid-tolerant at the time of surgery. There was no significant effect of baseline opioid use on LoS, or on the total amount of intraoperative or PACU opioid administration. There were four complications (6.5%) resulting in extended LoS (>23 hours).

Conclusion.
This report comprises the first description of a comprehensive, evidence-based ERAS for spine pathway, tailored for lumbar decompression/microdiscectomy resulting in short LoS, minimal complications, and no readmissions within 90 days of surgery.

Level of Evidence: 3
Halo Gravity Traction Can Mitigate Preoperative Risk Factors and Early Surgical Complications in Complex Spine Deformity
Authors: Iyer Sravisht , Boachie-Adjei Oheneba , Duah Henry Ofori , Yankey Kwadwo Poku , Mahmud Rufai , Wulff Irene , Tutu Henry Osei , Akoto Harry 
Published: October 2018

Study Design.
Retrospective review of prospective cohort.

Objective.
We sought to examine the role of halo gravity traction (HGT) in reducing preoperative surgical risk.

Summary of Background Data.
The impact of HGT on procedure choice, preoperative risk factors, and surgical complications has not been previously described.

Methods.
Patients treated with HGT before primary surgery were included. The FOCOS Score (FS) was used to quantify operative risk. FS was calculated using patient-factors (ASIA, body mass index, etiology), procedure-factors (PcF; osteotomy planned, number of levels fused, etc.), and curve magnitude (CM). Scores ranged from 0 to 100 with higher scores indicating increased risk. FS was calculated before and after HGT to see how changes in FS affected complication rates.

Results.
A total of 96 patients were included. Halo-related complications occurred in 34% of patients but revision was required in only 8.3%. Average FS improved by 18 points after HGT. CM, PcF, and patient-factors all improved (P < 0.05). The greatest changes were in CM and PcF. The planned rate of three-column osteotomies dropped from 91% to 38% after HGT. FS (area under the curve [AUC]: 0.68, P = 0.023) and change in FS (AUC: 0.781, P < 0.001) was successfully able to predict the rate of surgical complications. A preoperative FS of 74 was identified as a cut-off for a higher rate of surgical complications (sensitivity 58.8%, specificity 74.7%). Patients with a reduction in FS <  = 10pts were five times more likely to have a complication (relative risk 5.2, 95% confidence interval: 1.9–14.6, P < 0.001). A multivariate regression showed that change in FS was an independent predictor of complication rates (P < 0.05).

Conclusion.
FS can successfully predict surgical risk in pediatric patients with complex spinal deformity. Preoperative HGT can reduce FS and surgical risk by improving CM, lowering three-column osteotomies use, and improving body mass index. A reduction in FS after HGT predicts a lower rate of surgical complications.

Level of Evidence: 3
Spinal Manipulative Therapy Effects in Autonomic Regulation and Exercise Performance in Recreational Healthy Athletes
Authors: Valenzuela Pedro L. , Pancorbo Sara , Lucia Alejandro , Germain Francisco 
Published: October 2018

Study Design.
A randomized, double blind, parallel groups, sham-controlled trial.

Objective.
The aim of this study was to analyze the acute effects of spinal manipulative therapy (SMT) on performance and autonomic modulation.

Summary of Background Data.
The use of SMT is progressively spreading from the clinical to the sporting context owing to its purported ergogenic effects. However, its effects remain unclear.

Methods.
Thirty-seven male recreational athletes (aged 37 ± 9 years) who had never received SMT were assigned to a sham (n = 19) or actual SMT group (n = 18). Study endpoints included autonomic modulation (heart rate variability), handgrip strength, jumping ability, and cycling performance [8-minute time trial (TT)]. Differences in custom effects between interventions were determined using magnitude-based inferences.

Results.
A significant and very likely lower value of a marker of sympathetic modulation, the stress score, was observed in response to actual compared with sham SMT [P = 0.007; effect size (ES) = -0.97]. A trend toward a significant and likely lower sympathetic:parasympathetic ratio (P = 0.055; ES = -0.96) and a likely higher natural logarithm of the root-mean-square differences of successive heartbeat intervals [(LnRMSSD), P = 0.12; ES = 0.36] was also found with actual SMT. Moreover, a significantly lower mean power output was observed during the TT with actual compared with sham SMT (P = 0.035; ES = -0.28). Nonsignificant (P > 0.05) and unclear or likely trivial differences (ES < 0.2) were found for the rest of endpoints, including handgrip strength, heart rate during the TT, and jump loss thereafter.

Conclusion.
A single pre-exercise SMT session induced an acute shift toward parasympathetic dominance and slightly impaired performance in recreational healthy athletes.

Level of Evidence: 2
Reliability and Validity of the Turkish Version of the Fremantle Back Awareness Questionnaire
Authors: Erol Erkan , Yildiz Ayse , Yildiz Ramazan , Apaydin Umut , Gokmen Derya , Elbasan Bulent 
Published: October 2018

Study Design.
Cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric analysis.

Objective.
To develop the Turkish version of the Fremantle Back Awareness Questionnaire (FreBAQ-T) and to evaluate its psychometric properties.

Summary of Background Data.
There is a growing interest in the role that the disturbance of body perception may lead to long-lasting pain problems such as chronic low back pain (CLBP). The Fremantle Back Awareness Questionnaire (FreBAQ) is a simple and low-cost way of evaluating disturbed back awareness in people with CLBP.

Methods.
The FreBAQ was translated from English into Turkish using the forward-backward-forward method. One hundred four participants with low back pain completed the FreBAQ-T. The FreBAQ-T was repeated in 15 participants after 1 week to establish test-retest reliability. Although internal and external construct validity was investigated using Rasch analysis and Spearman correlation coefficient, respectively; reliability was evaluated in terms of internal consistency by Cronbach alpha and Person Separation Index.

Results.
All items of the FreBAQ-T were found to fit the Rasch Model (chi-square 6.17 [df = 9], P = 0.723). The internal construct validity was good, overall mean item fit residual was −0.305 (standard deviation: 0.369) and mean person fit residual was −0.290 (standard deviation: 1.349). The reliability was good with Cronbach alpha of 0.87 and Person Separation Index of 0.82. When the test-retest was examined via differential item functioning by time, none of the items showed differential item functioning.

Conclusion.
The FreBAQ-T is a valid, reliable, and unidimensional scale for patients with CLBP. This scale will allow assessing back-specific perception in the Turkish population with CLBP.

Level of Evidence: 3
Epidemiology of low-energy fracture in Chinese postmenopausal women: changing trend of incidence since menopause and associated risk factors, a national population-based survey
Authors: Zhu Yanbin , Liu Song , Chen Wei , Liu Bo , Lv Hongzhi , Zhang Xiaolin , Zhang Yingze 
Published: October 2018

Abstract

Objective:
The aim of the study was to report the incidence of low-energy fracture since menopause in postmenopausal women ≤70 years and to explore associated risk factors

Methods:
This was a part of the Chinese National Fracture Survey (CNFS), which was carried out in eight provinces of China mainland between January and May 2015. Data on 68,783 postmenopausal women ≤70 years were extracted from the CNFS database for calculations and analyses.

Results:
A total of 309 women were confirmed to have low-energy fractures in 2014, indicating the incidence of 449.2 (95% CI, 399.3-499.2) per 100,000 women. There were two obvious peaks of fracture incidence at the 4th year and the 9th year since menopause. From the 10th year on, the fracture incidence rate presented the relatively steady trends over years, only with slight interannual fluctuation. After adjustment for confounding variables, advanced age, higher latitude, milk intake ≥1/d, residence ≥2nd floor without elevator, alcohol consumption, sleep duration <7 h/d, history of past fracture, and more births were identified as significant risk factors. Supplementation of calcium or vitamin D or both was associated with 44% of fracture reduction (OR, 0.56; 95% CI, 0.37-0.84).

Conclusions:
These data on low-energy fractures in postmenopausal women provided an updated clinical evidence base for better national healthcare planning and preventive efforts in China.
Characterization of Corneoscleral Geometry Using Fourier Transform Profilometry in the Healthy Eye
Authors: Piñero David P. , Martínez-Abad Antonio , Soto-Negro Roberto , Ariza-Gracia Miguel Angel , Carracedo Gonzalo 
Published: October 2018

Objective:
To characterize peculiarities of the corneoscleral geometry in healthy eyes.

Methods:
This is a prospective case series including 88 healthy eyes of 88 patients with an age ranging from 21 to 73 years. A complete ocular examination was performed with emphasis on the analysis of the corneoscleral topographic profile with the Fourier transform profilometer Eye Surface Profiler (Eaglet-Eye BV, Houten, the Netherlands). The distribution of different topographic parameters was evaluated, as well as the correlations between corneal and scleroconjunctival parameters.

Results:
Mean values of 8.64±0.37 (range, 7.81–9.50 mm), 6.06±0.52 (4.88–7.63 mm) and 11.93±1.32 mm (8.17–15.89 mm) were obtained for inner, limbal, and outer best-fit sphere, respectively. Mean values of 8.54±0.38 (7.86–9.66 mm) and 13.35±1.29 mm (11.05–17.31 mm) were obtained for mean corneal and scleral radius, respectively. Regarding tangent angles at limbus, mean values of 35.31±6.55°, 38.76±5.90°, 32.75±7.04°, and 25.91±8.99° were obtained for nasal, temporal, superior, and inferior angles, respectively. Mean difference between temporal and nasal sagittal heights increased from −1.48±120.70 μm for a chord of 11 mm to 73.53±236.55 μm for a chord of 14 mm. A weak but statistically significant correlation was found between corneal and scleral radii (r=0.325, P=0.004). The maximum sagittal height for a diameter of 12 mm was significantly correlated with flattest keratometry, astigmatism, corneal diameter, and corneal eccentricity (R2: 0.77, P<0.001).

Conclusions:
The scleroconjunctival surface in the healthy eye presents some level of nasotemporal asymmetry that is higher with increasing diameters of analysis.
Using Deep Learning in Automated Detection of Graft Detachment in Descemet Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty: A Pilot Study
Authors: Treder Maximilian , Lauermann Jost Lennart , Alnawaiseh Maged , Eter Nicole 
Published: October 2018

Purpose:
To evaluate a deep learning–based method to automatically detect graft detachment (GD) after Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) in anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT).

Methods:
In this study, a total of 1172 AS-OCT images (609: attached graft; 563: detached graft) were used to train and test a deep convolutional neural network to automatically detect GD after DMEK surgery in AS-OCT images. GD was defined as a not completely attached graft. After training with 1072 of these images (559: attached graft; 513: detached graft), the created classifier was tested with the remaining 100 AS-OCT scans (50: attached graft; 50 detached: graft). Hereby, a probability score for GD (GD score) was determined for each of the tested OCT images.

Results:
The mean GD score was 0.88 ± 0.2 in the GD group and 0.08 ± 0.13 in the group with an attached graft. The differences between both groups were highly significant (P < 0.001). The sensitivity of the classifier was 98%, the specificity 94%, and the accuracy 96%. The coefficient of variation was 3.28 ± 6.90% for the GD group and 2.82 ± 3.81% for the graft attachment group.

Conclusions:
With the presented deep learning-based classifier, reliable automated detection of GD after DMEK is possible. Further work is needed to incorporate information about the size and position of GD and to develop a standardized approach regarding when rebubbling may be needed.
Precut DMEK Using Dextran-Containing Storage Medium Is Equivalent to Conventional DMEK: A Prospective Pilot Study
Authors: Rickmann Annekatrin , Wahl Silke , Hofmann Nicola , Haus Arno , Michaelis Regina , Petrich Tanja , Blomberg Lutz , Börgel Martin , Jung Sascha , Szurman Peter 
Published: October 2018

Purpose:
To compare the clinical outcome after Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) either as precut or conventional Descemet membrane graft preparation under standard European eye bank organ culture conditions.

Methods:
This was a prospective pilot study of patients receiving either precut or conventional DMEK. Graft preparation was performed using the liquid bubble technique. Precut grafts (n = 22) were prepared 1 day before surgery in the eye bank and stored in dextran-containing organ culture medium within a transport viewing chamber. Conventional grafts (n = 29) were prepared directly before surgery. End point criteria included the endothelial cell count (ECC), central corneal thickness, graft rejection rate, rebubbling rate, and best-corrected visual acuity after 1, 3, and 6 months.

Results:
A post hoc matched analysis revealed no statistically significant differences between the 2 groups. The ECC in the precut and conventional groups was comparable with an EC loss of 34% and 35%, respectively, after 6 months. The early graft failure rate, best-corrected visual acuity, and central corneal thickness were comparable between the 2 groups.

Conclusions:
This pilot study shows a comparable clinical outcome after DMEK surgery for precut Descemet membrane grafts versus conventionally prepared grafts, using the liquid bubble preparation technique and storage conditions with dextran-containing medium.
Anamnestic Immune Response and Safety of an Inactivated Quadrivalent Influenza Vaccine in Primed Versus Vaccine-Naïve Children
Authors: Claeys Carine , Chandrasekaran Vijayalakshmi , García-Sicilia José , Prymula Roman , Díez-Domingo Javier , Brzostek Jerzy , Marès-Bermúdez Josep , Martinón-Torres Federico , Pollard Andrew J. , Růžková Renata , Carmona Martinez Alfonso , Ulied Angels , Miranda Valdivieso Mariano , Faust Saul N. , Snape Matthew D. , Friel Damien , Ollinger Thierry , Soni Jyoti , Schuind Anne , Li Ping , Innis Bruce L. , Jain Varsha K. 
Published: October 2018

Background:
It has not yet been demonstrated whether 2 doses of inactivated quadrivalent influenza vaccine (IIV4) prime a booster response in infants. We evaluated the anamnestic immune response to an IIV4 in children 17−48 months of age.

Methods:
Children were randomized to 2 doses of IIV4 or control in the primary phase III study (NCT01439360). One year later, in an open-label revaccination extension study (NCT01702454), a subset of children who received IIV4 in the primary study (primed group) received 1 IIV4 dose and children who received control in the primary study (unprimed) received 2 IIV4 doses 28 days apart. The primary objective was to evaluate hemagglutination inhibition (HI) antibody titers 7 days after first IIV4 vaccination in the per-protocol cohort (N = 224 primed; N = 209 unprimed). Neutralizing and antineuraminidase antibodies were also measured. Safety was analyzed in the total vaccinated cohort (N = 241 primed; N = 229 unprimed).

Results:
An anamnestic response was observed in primed children relative to unprimed controls, measured by age-adjusted geometric mean HI titer ratios against strains homologous (A/H1N1: 9.0; B/Victoria: 3.9) and heterologous (A/H3N2: 2.7; B/Yamagata: 6.7) to those in the primary vaccination series. The anamnestic response in primed children included increases in neutralizing antibodies (mean geometric increase: 5.0–10.6) and antineuraminidase antibodies (4.9–8.8). No serious adverse events related to vaccination were reported.

Conclusions:
In this study, 2-dose priming with IIV4 induced immune memory that was recalled with 1-dose IIV4 the following year to boost HI, antineuraminidase and neutralizing antibodies, even though the IIV4 strain composition partially changed.