bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sleep Difficulties in Infancy Are Associated with Symptoms of Inattention and Hyperactivity at the Age of 5 Years: A Longitudinal Study
Authors: Huhdanpää Hanna , Morales-Muñoz Isabel , Aronen Eeva T. , Pölkki Pirjo , Saarenpää-Heikkilä Outi , Paunio Tiina , Kylliäinen Anneli , Paavonen E. Juulia 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACT:

Objective:
Sleep difficulties are associated with cognitive and behavioral problems in childhood. However, it is still unclear whether early sleep difficulties are related to later development. We studied whether parent-reported sleep duration, night awakenings, and parent-reported sleep problems in early childhood are associated with symptoms of inattention and hyperactivity at the age of 5 years.

Method:
Our study is based on the Child-Sleep birth cohort initially comprising 1673 families, of which 713 were retained at the age of 5 years. We used the Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire and the Infant Sleep Questionnaire, which were filled out by the parents when their child was 3, 8, and 24 months and 5 years old. Symptoms of inattention and hyperactivity at the age of 5 years were assessed using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire and the Five-to-Fifteen questionnaire.

Results:
Sleep duration at the age of 3, 8, and 24 months was associated with inattentiveness at 5 years of age. Moreover, parent-reported sleep problems at the age of 24 months were related to both inattentive and hyperactive symptoms at the age of 5 years. Finally, at the age of 5 years, parent-reported sleep problems and night awakenings were associated with concurrent symptoms of inattention and hyperactivity.

Conclusion:
Our findings suggest that certain sleep characteristics related to sleep quality and quantity in early childhood are associated with inattentiveness and hyperactivity at the age of 5 years. Interestingly, sleep duration in early childhood is consistently related to inattention at the age of 5 years.
Maternal Self-Efficacy Is Protective for Child (but Not Mother) Body Mass Index Among Mexican-Origin Children with Negative Temperament
Authors: Rajan Sonali , Jahromi Laudan , Bravo Diamond , Umaña-Taylor Adriana , Updegraff Kimberly 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACT:

Objective:
Childhood obesity persists as a serious public health concern, particularly among Mexican-origin youth. Teen mothers are also at heightened obesity risk. Multiple factors may exacerbate this risk, including stressors associated with parenting. Indeed, difficult child temperaments pose unique parenting challenges, which may also be linked to physical health outcomes in mothers. The purpose of this study was to examine whether the interaction between negative child temperament and parenting self-efficacy is related to the body mass index (BMI) of young children and their adolescent mothers while controlling for important contextual factors. We also examined which pathways differed for girls versus boys.

Methods:
Data were from a longitudinal study spanning 5 years that included 204 Mexican-origin young mothers and their children (with data collected at birth, age 4 years, and age 5 years). A multigroup structural equation modeling framework was used.

Results:
The rate of early childhood obesity was low in comparison with national averages, whereas the rate of adolescent mother obesity was notably higher than the national average. Negative child temperament was associated with higher child BMI among those adolescent mothers with low parenting self-efficacy. Among the children with a negative temperament, their mothers' high parenting self-efficacy may have served as a protective factor against unhealthy child BMI. This significant interaction held for both boys and girls.

Conclusion:
Research evaluating the potential effectiveness of interventions that promote parenting self-efficacy during early childhood as a means to reduce the rate of obesity among children of adolescent mothers should be conducted.
Baseline Mental Health and Psychosocial Functioning of Transgender Adolescents Seeking Gender-Affirming Hormone Therapy
Authors: Kuper Laura E. , Mathews Stacy , Lau May 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACT:

Objective:
Research suggests that adolescents seeking gender-affirming hormone therapy experience elevated rates of depression, anxiety, and difficulties with peer relationships. Less is known regarding more specific aspects of mental health and psychosocial functioning. Furthermore, few studies have explored variations in mental health and psychosocial functioning by age, gender, degree of physical dysphoria, and informant type (adolescent, mother, and father).

Method:
Participants are adolescents (n = 149) and parents/guardians (n = 247) who presented to a multidisciplinary gender clinic in Dallas, TX for an initial assessment before initiation of gender-affirming hormone therapy. Adolescents completed the Youth Self-Report (YSR) and the Body Image Scale (a measure of physical dysphoria), and parents/guardians completed the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL).

Results:
Approximately half of participants reported clinically significant difficulties with internalizing symptoms and psychosocial functioning (particularly engagement in activities), with approximately one-third indicating significant difficulties with depression, anxiety, obsessive compulsive, and posttraumatic stress symptoms. Parents reported fewer symptoms than adolescents across several subscales, but differences were generally small. By contrast, gender differences were found across all internalizing subscales and were generally large. Age and body dissatisfaction were not independently associated with broadband measures but, in combination with gender, were strongly associated with variance in YSR and CBCL reports of internalizing symptoms.

Conclusion:
Elevated rates of depression, anxiety, and competency difficulties were broadly consistent with the previous literature and demonstrate the need for investment in the clinical training and infrastructure to provide comprehensive care to this population. Differences in mental health and psychosocial functioning by gender and clinic location appear to be less straightforward.
Determination of estradiol and progesterone content in capsules and creams from compounding pharmacies
Authors: Stanczyk Frank Z. , Niu Chunying , Azen Colleen , Mirkin Sebastian , Amadio Julia M. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract

Objectives:
To analytically characterize the doses of estradiol and progesterone found in compounded combined forms of oral capsule and transdermal cream formulations, and determine the consistency of the hormone formulations within a batch.

Methods:
Prescriptions for combined estradiol/progesterone capsules (0.5 and 100 mg, respectively) and creams (0.5 and 100 mg/g, respectively) were sent to 15 custom-compounding pharmacies. Estradiol and progesterone levels were measured by radioimmunoassays. Hormone levels were measured in 2 capsules and 2 creams from each pharmacy; 10 capsules from 3 pharmacies; and top/middle/bottom layer of cream containers to assess consistency. The magnitude and sources of variation for the measurements were examined by analysis of variance models.

Results:
Thirteen pharmacies filled the prescriptions. Measured estradiol levels were 0.365 to 0.551 mg for capsules and 0.433 to 0.55 mg/g for creams, and progesterone levels were 90.8 to 135 mg for capsules and 93 to 118 mg/g for creams. Greater variations in estradiol levels were observed between pharmacies for estradiol in capsules than in creams; however, measured estradiol levels within pharmacies were more consistent in the capsules than the creams. Similar results were obtained for progesterone levels.

Conclusion:
The variations in estradiol and progesterone levels observed in compounded hormone therapy formulations justify concerns regarding risks as a result of variability, which have been outlined by The North American Menopause Society, the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, and the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in their statements regarding compounded hormone use. These data support the need for an US FDA-approved bioidentical hormone therapy.

Video Summary: Supplemental Digital Content 1, http://links.lww.com/MENO/A425.
Childhood abuse and vasomotor symptoms among midlife women
Authors: Carson Mary Y. , Thurston Rebecca C. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract

Objective:
Childhood maltreatment is related to adverse health outcomes. However, the relation of childhood maltreatment to the menopause transition—a universal transition for women often accompanied by troubling symptoms such as vasomotor symptoms—is relatively underexplored. This study tested whether childhood abuse and neglect are associated with menopausal vasomotor symptoms, utilizing both physiologic and prospective self-report measures of vasomotor symptoms.

Methods:
In all, 295 nonsmoking perimenopausal and postmenopausal women aged 40 to 60 years with and without vasomotor symptoms completed psychosocial measures, including the Child Trauma Questionnaire, ambulatory physiologic (sternal skin conductance) and self-report measurement of vasomotor symptoms during wake and sleep, and actigraphy measurement of sleep. Relationships between childhood abuse/neglect and vasomotor symptoms during wake and sleep were tested in linear regression models controlling for demographics, body mass index, and menopause stage.

Results:
44% of the sample reported abuse or neglect during childhood. Among women reporting vasomotor symptoms, childhood sexual or physical abuse was associated with more frequent physiologically-recorded vasomotor symptoms during sleep (sexual abuse: b [SE] = 1.45 [0.52], P = 0.006; physical abuse: b [SE] = 0.97 [0.47], P = 0.03) in multivariable models. Among these women, women with a physical or sexual abuse history had approximately 1.5 to 2-fold the number of sleep vasomotor symptoms than women without this history.

Conclusions:
Childhood abuse is associated with more frequent physiologically-detected vasomotor symptoms during sleep.
CLINICAL FEATURES OF PATCHY CHORIORETINAL ATROPHY IN PATHOLOGIC MYOPIA
Authors: Du Ran , Fang Yuxin , Jonas Jost B. , Yokoi Tae , Takahashi Hiroyuki , Uramoto Kengo , Kamoi Koju , Yoshida Takeshi , Ohno-Matsui Kyoko 
Published: June 2019

Purpose:
To reveal clinical features of patchy atrophy in pathologic myopia and investigate the status of the Bruch membrane and retinal pigment epithelium by swept-source optical coherence tomography.

Methods:
This study reviewed highly myopic patients who visited the high myopia clinic between January 2015 and February 2018. Wide-field photographs and wide-field fundus autofluorescence fundus images were used as the primary method for identifying PAs, and swept-source optical coherence tomography images were used for investigating the retinochoroid status of PAs.

Results:
Four hundred fifty-six PAs were detected in 137 eyes (118 patients). Patchy atrophys were located most often in the macular area (28.3%), followed by the inferior (25.9%), temporal (18.9%), nasal (14.5%), and superior (12.5%) region. All 210, PAs which had been fully or partially scanned by swept-source optical coherence tomography, showed a retinal pigment epithelium defect, and 174 (82.9%) PAs showed a Bruch membrane defect on the available scans. In 101 (82.8%) of 122 PAs with clearly detectable borders of the retinal pigment epithelium and Bruch membrane defect, the Bruch membrane defects were smaller than the retinal pigment epithelium defects. A dome-shape inward bulging of the sclera was observed in 10 PAs.

Conclusion:
These morphological findings may provide a basis for exploring the biomechanical etiology of the PAs as part of the development of pathologic myopia.
Factors influencing nurse practitioners' decisions to join nurse practitioner associations
Authors: Rowley Tom , Balk Julie , Guo Jia-Wen , Wallace Andrea S. 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACT

Background and purpose:
The benefits of professional association membership to individual health care providers are well established. However, not all nurse practitioners (NPs) are members of professional associations. Research is available on factors that influence registered nurses' decisions to join professional associations, but little is known regarding factors influencing the decisions of NPs. The purpose of this study was to identify factors affecting NPs' decisions to join NP associations.

Methods:
A cross-sectional survey of NPs (N = 537) was conducted electronically in accordance with the Checklist for Reporting Results of Internet E-Surveys guidelines. The Professional Association Membership Questionnaire was used to develop the survey. Three hundred twenty-eight respondents (61.1%) had a current membership in a professional association and 209 (38.9%) were nonmembers. Although both members and nonmembers expressed a desire for professional programs, improvement in the profession, and personal development, current members scored significantly higher in each of these factors (p < .001 to p = .015).

Conclusion:
The results suggest that factors influencing NPs' decisions to join professional associations include the desire for professional programs, improvement of the profession, and personal development.

Implications for practice:
Professional associations seeking to improve health outcomes by creating more competent, safe NPs and keeping the public's trust should consider focusing on efforts that foster education, professional networking and new ideas, and self-improvement.
Eltrombopag
Authors: Shobha Vineeta , Sanil Sandra , Roongta Rashmi 
Published: June 2019

Background
Eltrombopag, a thrombopoietin receptor agonist, is effective in chronic immune thrombocytopenia (ITP). The data in lupus ITP are sparse. This study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of eltrombopag in lupus ITP.

Methods
This is a single-center study conducted between 2012 and 2017 of 12 subjects with systemic lupus erythematosus–associated ITP. Patients with inadequate or suboptimal response to steroids and other immunosuppressants treated with eltrombopag were included in the study. Time taken for response to therapy (defined as platelets >1 lakh), dose, duration of treatment, and adverse effects of the drug were noted.

Results
A total of 12 subjects were included in the study. The median platelet count at initiation of eltrombopag was 19,000 per μL. The time taken for response to therapy was 8 days. The median platelet count at 1-month follow-up was 241,000 per μL. All patients were concurrently treated with steroids and other immunosuppressants. Sustained benefit after stopping eltrombopag was noted in all patients. No adverse events including thrombotic complication were noted.

Conclusions
Eltrombopag is a new drug in our arsenal for treatment of ITP in lupus. It is a rapidly effective, safe, and orally administered medication. It indirectly contributes to reduction in the dose of steroids and immunosuppressants, thereby minimizing their cumulative adverse effects. It is a promising and safe option for the treatment of lupus-associated thrombocytopenia, but this needs further confirmation from multicenter, multiethnic, randomized controlled trials.
Diagnostic Performance of Doppler Ultrasonography for the Detection of Fetal Anemia
Authors: Lyu Chun-ju , Xu Cui , Yu Jie , Xia Li-ping 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
This study evaluates the diagnostic performance of Doppler ultrasound in diagnosing fetal anemia. Data were taken from relevant study reports published in peer-reviewed journals identified after a literature search in electronic databases. Random effects meta-analyses were performed by pooling the effect sizes of diagnostic indices (sensitivity, specificity, positive/negative predictive values, and false-positive rate) or correlation coefficients reported by individual studies. As a result, 31 studies (1848 pregnancies; gestation age, 28.25 weeks [95% confidence interval {CI}, 26.87–29.63]) were included in the meta-analysis. Anemia was found in 63.7% (95% CI, 49.7–77.7) fetuses, and severe anemia was found in 36.7% (95% CI, 26.9–46.4) fetuses. Sensitivity and specificity of Doppler ultrasound for detecting fetal anemia in alloimmunized fetuses at middle cerebral artery peak systolic velocity cutoff of 1.5 multiple of median for gestation age were 83.42% (95% CI, 71.75–95.09) and 80.30% (95% CI, 73.58–87.02), respectively. Positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and false-positive rate were 76.35% (95% CI, 65.98–86.72), 80.0% (95% CI, 76.63–83.37), and 10.4% (95% CI, 5.9–14.9), respectively. Correlation coefficient between hematological anemia and Doppler ultrasound–measured blood flow velocity was −0.706 (95% CI, −0.765 to −0.635; P ˂ 0.00001). In conclusion, Doppler ultrasound–measured middle cerebral artery peak systolic velocity at 1.5 multiple of median provides good diagnostic strength for the detection of alloimmunized fetal anemia. A strong correlation between Doppler velocimetric measures and hematological anemia is also observed.
VIEW-MOD: A Versatile Illumination Engine With a Modular Optical Design for Fluorescence Microscopy
Authors: Liu Bei , Hobson Chad M. , Pimenta Frederico M. , Nelsen Evan , Hsiao Joe , O’Brien Timothy , Falvo Michael R. , Hahn Klaus M. , Superfine Richard 
Published: June 2019

AbstractWe developed VIEW-MOD (Versatile Illumination Engine With a Modular Optical Design): a compact, multi-modality microscope, which accommodates multiple illumination schemes including variable angle total internal reflection, point scanning and vertical/horizontal light sheet. This system allows combining and flexibly switching between different illuminations and imaging modes by employing three electrically tunable lenses and two fast-steering mirrors. This versatile optics design provides control of 6 degrees of freedom of the illumination source (3 translation, 2 tilt, and beam shape) plus the axial position of the imaging plane. We also developed standalone software with an easy-to-use GUI to calibrate and control the microscope. We demonstrate the applications of this system and software in biosensor imaging, optogenetics and fast 3D volume imaging. This system is ready to fit into complex imaging circumstances requiring precise control of illumination and detection paths, and has a broad scope of usability for a myriad of biological applications.
Identification of two independentCOL5A1variants in dogs with Ehlers Danlos syndrome
Authors: Bauer Anina , Bateman John F. , Lamande Shireen R. , Hanssen Eric G , Kirejczyk Shannon G.M. , Yee Mark , Ramiche Ali , Jagannathan Vidyha , Welle Monika , Leeb Tosso , Bateman Fiona L 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDThe Ehlers Danlos syndromes (EDS) are a heterogeneous group of heritable disorders affecting connective tissues. The mutations causing the various forms of EDS in humans are well characterized, but the genetic mutations causing EDS-like clinical pathology in dogs are not known, thus hampering accurate clinical diagnosis.RESULTSClinical analysis of two independent cases of skin hyperextensibility and fragility, one with pronounced joint hypermobility was suggestive of EDS. Whole genome sequencing revealedde novomutations ofCOL5A1in both cases, confirming the diagnosis of the classical form of EDS. The heterozygousCOL5A1p.Gly1013ValfsTer260 mutation characterized in case 1 introduced a premature termination codon and would be expected to result in α1(V) mRNA nonsense-mediated mRNA decay and collagen V haploinsufficiency. While mRNA was not available from this dog, biochemical analysis of the dermis suggested reduced collagen V in the dermis and ultrastructural analysis demonstrated variability in collagen fibril diameter and the presence of collagen aggregates, termed ‘collagen cauliflowers’, consistent withCOL5A1mutations underlying classical EDS. In the second case DNA sequencing demonstrated a p.Gly1571Arg missense variant in theCOL5A1gene. While samples were not available for further analysis, such a glycine substitution would be expected to destabilize the strict molecular structure of the collagen V triple helix and thus affect protein stability and/or integration of the mutant collagen into the collagen V/collagen I heterotypic dermal fibrils.CONCLUSIONSThis is the first report of genetic variants in theCOL5A1gene causing the clinical presentation of EDS in dogs. These data provide further evidence of the important role of collagen V in dermal collagen fibrillogenesis. Importantly from the clinical perspective we show the utility of DNA sequencing, combined with the established clinical criteria, in the accurate diagnosis of EDS in dogs.
A subset of broadly responsive Type III taste cells contribute to the detection of bitter, sweet and umami stimuli
Authors: Banik Debarghya Dutta , Benfey Eric D. , Martin Laura E. , Kay Kristen E. , Loney Gregory C. , Nelson Amy R. , Ahart Zachary C. , Kemp Barrett T. , Kemp Bailey R. , Torregrossa Ann-Marie , Medler Kathryn F. 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACTTaste receptor cells use multiple signaling pathways to detect chemicals in potential food items. These cells are functionally grouped into different types: Type I cells act as support cells and have glial-like properties; Type II cells detect bitter, sweet, and umami taste stimuli; and Type III cells detect sour and salty stimuli. We have identified a new population of taste cells that are broadly tuned to multiple taste stimuli including bitter, sweet, sour and umami. The goal of this study was to characterize these broadly responsive (BR) taste cells. We used an IP3R3-KO mouse (does not release calcium (Ca2+) from Type II cells when stimulated with bitter, sweet or umami stimuli) to characterize the BR cells without any potentially confounding input from Type II cells. Using live cell Ca2+ imaging in isolated taste cells from the IP3R3-KO mouse, we found that BR cells are a subset of Type III cells that respond to sour stimuli but also use a PLCβ3 signaling pathway to respond to bitter, sweet and umami stimuli. Unlike Type II cells, individual BR cells are broadly tuned and respond to multiple stimuli across different taste modalities. Live cell imaging in a PLCβ3-KO mouse confirmed that BR cells use a PLCβ3 signaling pathway to generate Ca2+ signals to bitter, sweet and umami stimuli. Analysis of c-Fos activity in the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS) and short term behavioral assays revealed that BR cells make significant contributions to taste.
The oncogenic Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus encodes a mimic of the tumor suppressive miR-15/16 miRNA family
Authors: Morrison Kylee , Manzano Mark , Chung Kevin , Schipma Matthew J. , Bartom Elizabeth T. , Gottwein Eva 
Published: June 2019

SummaryMany tumor viruses encode oncogenes of cellular origin. Here, we report the first instance of an oncoviral mimic of a cellular tumor suppressor. The Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) miRNA miR-K6-5p shares sequence similarity to the tumor suppressive cellular miR-15/16 miRNA family. We show that miR-K6-5p inhibits cell cycle progression, a hallmark function of miR-16. miR-K6-5p regulates conserved miR-15/16 targets, including many cell cycle regulators. Inhibition of miR-K6-5p in KSHV-transformed B cells conferred a significant growth advantage. Altogether, our data show that KSHV encodes a functional mimic of the miR-15/16 miRNA family. While it is exceedingly well established that oncogenic viruses encode oncogenes of cellular origin, this is the first example of an oncogenic virus that encodes a viral mimic of a cellular tumor suppressor. Encoding a tumor suppressive miRNA could help KSHV balance viral oncogene expression and thereby avoid severe pathogenesis in the healthy host.