bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Probabilistic principal component analysis-based dimensionality reduction and optimization for arrhythmia classification using ECG signals
Authors: Vishwanath Bhagyalakshmi , Pujeri Ramchandra Vittal , Devanagavi Geeta 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Electrocardiogram (ECG) is an electrical signal that contains data about the state and functions of the heart and can be used to diagnose various types of arrhythmias effectively. The modeling and simulation of ECG under different conditions are significant to understand the function of the cardiovascular system and in the diagnosis of heart diseases. Arrhythmia is a severe peril to the patient recovering from acute myocardial infarction. The reliable detection of arrhythmia is a challenge for a cardiovascular diagnostic system. As a result, a considerable amount of research has focused on the development of algorithms for the accurate diagnosis of arrhythmias. In this paper, a system for the classification of arrhythmia is developed by employing the probabilistic principal component analysis (PPCA) model. Initially, the cluster head is selected for the effective transmission of ECG signals of patients using the adaptive fractional artificial bee colony algorithm, and multipath routing for transmission is selected using the fractional bee BAT algorithm. Features such as wavelet features, Gabor transform, empirical mode decomposition, and linear predictive coding features are extracted from the ECG signal with high dimension (which are reduced using PPCA) and finally given to the proposed classifier called adaptive genetic-bat (AGB) support vector neural network (which is trained using the AGB algorithm) for arrhythmia detection. The experimentation of the proposed system is done based on evaluation metrics, such as the number of alive nodes, normalized network energy, goodput, and accuracy. The proposed method obtained a classification accuracy of 0.9865 and a goodput of 0.0590 and provides a better classification of arrhythmia. The experimental results show that the proposed system is useful for the classification of arrhythmias, with a reasonably high accuracy of 0.9865 and a goodput of 0.0590. The validation of the proposed system offers acceptable results for clinical implementation.
Invasive and non-invasive point-of-care testing and point-of-care monitoring of the hemoglobin concentration in human blood – how accurate are the data?
Authors: Dietzel Frank , Dieterich Peter , Dörries Frank , Gehring Hartmut , Wegerich Philipp 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
In this review, scientific investigations of point-of-care testing (POCT) and point-of-care monitoring (POCM) devices are summarized with regard to the measurement accuracy of the hemoglobin concentration. As a common basis, information according to the Bland and Altman principle [bias, limits of agreement (LOA)] as well as the measurement accuracy and precision are considered, so that the comparability can be mapped. These collected data are subdivided according to the manufacturers, devices and procedures (invasive and non-invasive). A total of 31 devices were identified. A comparability of the scientific investigations in particular was given for 23 devices (18 invasive and five non-invasive measuring devices). In terms of measurement accuracy, there is a clear leap between invasive and non-invasive procedures, while no discernible improvement can be derived in the considered time frame from 2010 to 2018. According to the intended use, strict specifications result from the clinical standards, which are insufficiently met by the systems. More stringent requirements can be derived both in the area of blood donation and in the treatment of patients.
Analysis of FEAST Spectral Approximations Using the DPG Discretization
Authors: Gopalakrishnan Jay , Grubišić Luka , Ovall Jeffrey , Parker Benjamin 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
A filtered subspace iteration for computing a cluster of eigenvalues
and its accompanying eigenspace, known as “FEAST”, has gained considerable attention in recent years.
This work studies issues that arise when FEAST is applied to compute part of the spectrum of an unbounded partial differential operator.
Specifically, when the resolvent of the partial differential operator is approximated by the discontinuous Petrov–Galerkin (DPG) method, it is shown that there is no spectral pollution.
The theory also provides bounds on the discretization errors in the spectral approximations.
Numerical experiments for simple operators illustrate the theory and also indicate the value of the algorithm beyond the confines of the theoretical assumptions.
The utility of the algorithm is illustrated by applying it to compute guided transverse core modes of a realistic optical fiber.
Nonradiating photonics with resonant dielectric nanostructures
Authors: Koshelev Kirill , Favraud Gael , Bogdanov Andrey , Kivshar Yuri , Fratalocchi Andrea 
Published: March 2019

AbstractNonradiating sources of energy have traditionally been studied in quantum mechanics and astrophysics but have received very little attention in the photonics community. This situation has changed recently due to a number of pioneering theoretical studies and remarkable experimental demonstrations of the exotic states of light in dielectric resonant photonic structures and metasurfaces, with the possibility to localize efficiently the electromagnetic fields of high intensities within small volumes of matter. These recent advances underpin novel concepts in nanophotonics and provide a promising pathway to overcome the problem of losses usually associated with metals and plasmonic materials for the efficient control of light-matter interaction at the nanoscale. This review paper provides a general background and several snapshots of the recent results in this young yet prominent research field, focusing on two types of nonradiating states of light that both have been recently at the center of many studies in all-dielectric resonant meta-optics and metasurfaces: opticalanapolesand photonicbound states in the continuum. We discuss a brief history of these states in optics, as well as their underlying physics and manifestations, and also emphasize their differences and similarities. We also review some applications of such novel photonic states in both linear and nonlinear optics for the nanoscale field enhancement, a design of novel dielectric structures with high-Qresonances, nonlinear wave mixing, and enhanced harmonic generation, as well as advanced concepts for lasing and optical neural networks.
On the time evolution at a fluctuating exceptional point
Authors: Wolff Christian , Tserkezis Christos , Mortensen N. Asger 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
We theoretically evaluate the impact of drift-free noise on the dynamics of

P
T

${\cal P}{\cal T}$

-symmetric non-Hermitian systems with an exceptional point, which have recently been proposed for sensors. Such systems are currently considered as promising templates for sensing applications, because of their intrinsically extremely sensitive response to external perturbations. However, this applies equally to the impact of fabrication imperfections and fluctuations in the system parameters. Here we focus on the influence of such fluctuations caused by inevitable (thermal) noise and show that the exceptional-point eigenstate is not stable in its presence. To this end, we derive an effective differential equation for the mean time evolution operator averaged over all realizations of the noise field, and via numerical analysis we find that the presence of noise leads to exponential divergence of any initial state after some characteristic period of time. We therefore show that it is rather demanding to design sensor systems based on continuous operation at an exceptional point.
Pain in cervical dystonia and the antinociceptive effects of botulinum toxin: what is currently known?
Authors: Marciniec Michał , Szczepańska-Szerej Anna , Kulczyński Marcin , Sapko Klaudia , Popek-Marciniec Sylwia , Rejdak Konrad 
Published: March 2019

AbstractPain is the most common and disabling non-motor symptom in cervical dystonia (CD). Up to 88.9% of patients report pain at some point in the course of the disease. It is still a matter of debate whether CD-related pain originates only from prolonged muscle contraction. Recent data suggest that the alterations of transmission and processing of nociceptive stimuli play a crucial role in pain development. Botulinum toxin (BT) is the first-line therapy for CD. Despite fully elucidated muscle relaxant action, the antinociceptive effect of BT remains unclear and probably exceeds a simple decompression of the nerve fibers due to the reduction in muscle tone. The proposed mechanisms of the antinociceptive action of BT include inhibition of pain mediator release, inhibition of membrane sodium channels, retrograde axonal transport and impact on the other pain pathways. This article summarizes the current knowledge about the antinociceptive properties of BT and the clinical analgesic efficacy in the treatment of CD patients.
Religion and Voter Choice Homogeneity in the Nigerian Presidential Elections of the Fourth Republic
Authors: Nwankwo Cletus Famous 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThis article examines the influence of religion on voter choice homogeneity (VCH) in the Nigerian presidential elections of the fourth republic (1999–2015). The result indicates that in the first two elections, religion did not have a significant impact on VCH but had increasing influence from 2011. Thus, compared with the 1999 and 2003 elections, the effect of faith in 2011 and 2015 elections was positive, but the impact of religion was highest in 2015, having a significant and robust effect on VCH. Thus, the paper demonstrates that impact of faith in the presidential elections in the fourth republic has strengthened over time. This finding is, however, put in the context of each election regarding the role of candidates’ popularity, party-identification, ethnicity, candidates’ performance, the number of candidates contesting the election and the position of prominent leaders of the different regions of the country. The paper demonstrates that placing the influence of religion on vote choice in the context of each election and place-specific manifestation of VCH is pertinent in understanding better how religion shapes voting behaviour in Nigeria.
Tetravalent lead in nature – plattnerite crystals from Mine du Pradet (France) and Mount Trevasco (Italy)
Authors: Paulsen Christian , Benndorf Christopher , Kösters Jutta , Galéa-Clolus Valérie , Clolus Pierre , Hoffmann Rolf-Dieter , Pöttgen Rainer 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Natural lead dioxide samples (β modification) from Cap Garonne, Mine du Pradet, France and Mount Trevasco, Italy were studied by single crystal X-ray and electron diffraction, clearly manifesting the rutile-type structure. A needle from the Mount Trevasco sample was investigated on a single crystal diffractometer: P42/mnm, a = 495.81(10), c = 338.66(7) pm, wR = 0.0513, 117 F
2 values (all data) and nine variables (293 K data). An additional data set at T = 90 K gave no hint for structural distortions.
Affioramenti di lessico artistico nella letteratura italiana delle Origini
Authors: Valenti Gianluca 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
In the first part of this paper, an overview of the commonly adopted approaches to the study of technical vocabularies in Old Italian is provided: in particular, it is confirmed that traditionally, researchers exploit documents such as treatises, translations, and practical texts – mostly composed from the 15th century to the present – to gather new information on the Italian lexicon of art. In the second section, the author argues that it is possible to expand the research beyond these chronological and typological borders, and find occurrences of technical words in literary texts from the 13th and 14th centuries. Since many of these terms are also part of everyday vocabulary, their artistic meaning is hard – but not impossible – to identify. Thus, the examples of terra bianca (‘white soil’) and marmo cotto (‘cooked marble’) are introduced in order to show an alternative method of verifying the presence of semantic technicisms in old literary texts.
Effects of Phosphogypsum and Calcined Phosphogypsum Content on the Basic Physical and Mechanical Properties of Portland Cement Mortar
Authors: Gong Xiaoqiang , Liu Jiesheng , Sun Zhengguang , Li Faping 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Phosphogypsum (PG) is an industrial by-product from the wet manufacturing process of phosphoric acid production in the phosphating industry on rock phosphate. Indiscriminate dumping of PG results in soil, water, and air pollution and serious environmental damage (chemical and radioactive contamination). The application of PG as an additive in cement mortar was evaluated in this article. The properties of PG at 800°C in a muffle furnace and the effects on the mechanical behavior of cement have been studied in this article. The effect of using PG as a partial replacement for cement has been investigated by compressive and flexural strength tests. Water absorption, mortar consistency, dry bulk density, and water retention were also tested. Meanwhile, the internal structural characteristics of samples were determined though scanning electron microscopy analysis. By evaluating properties of mixture cement paste, according to the results of the study, it was determined that a cement mortar addition of 30 % calcined PG gave the optimum results. The mortar with calcined PG of 800°C has the characteristics of low density, light weight, and stable performance. Utilizing PG to produce cement mortar improves the mechanical property, while the environmental impact is negligible.
Damage Identification in Cantilever Beams Based on High-Order Frequency Response Function with Improved Sensitivity
Authors: Jia Hailei , Wang Zijian , Cao Maosen , Li Jun 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
The damage indexes based on the modal frequency (DMF) have been widely used to identify damage and thus to warn about structural failure in advance. However, since the change of the DMF caused by damage is generally too small to be differentiated from environmental interference, the DMF cannot produce robust damage identification for in situ measurement. To improve the robustness of the DMF, a damage index, namely the difference of the frequency response function (DFRF), is developed in this article. Both numerical simulation and experiments are conducted to identify perpendicular notches in cantilever beams. Both the changes of the DMF and DFRF with respect to the notch depth are analyzed to investigate their sensitivities. Since the DFRF can sufficiently use the damage-related information reflected by all the frequencies rather than by modal frequencies only, the DFRF can produce obvious changes with respect to slight notch growth. Therefore, the change of the DFRF is hard to drown out with environmental interference and can robustly characterize damage for in situ measurement.
Determinants of QTL Mapping Power in the Realized Collaborative Cross
Authors: Keele Gregory R , Crouse Wesley L , Kelada Samir N P , Valdar William 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
The Collaborative Cross (CC) is a mouse genetic reference population whose range of applications includes quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping. The design of a CC QTL mapping study involves multiple decisions, including which and how many strains to use, and how many replicates per strain to phenotype, all viewed within the context of hypothesized QTL architecture. Until now, these decisions have been informed largely by early power analyses that were based on simulated, hypothetical CC genomes. Now that more than 50 CC strains are available and more than 70 CC genomes have been observed, it is possible to characterize power based on realized CC genomes. We report power analyses from extensive simulations and examine several key considerations: 1) the number of strains and biological replicates, 2) the QTL effect size, 3) the presence of population structure, and 4) the distribution of functionally distinct alleles among the founder strains at the QTL. We also provide general power estimates to aide in the design of future experiments. All analyses were conducted with our R package, SPARCC (Simulated Power Analysis in the Realized Collaborative Cross), developed for performing either large scale power analyses or those tailored to particular CC experiments.
Las migraciones colombianas hacia Perú: la invariabilidad de los flujos migratorios en un periodo de auge de la diáspora (2005-2015)
Authors: Polo Sebastian , Serrano Enrique , Jiménez Susana 
Published: March 2019

El propósito de este artículo consiste en determinar y explicar las razones por las que el ritmo de crecimiento de la población colombiana en Perú no ha experimentado cambio de proporción similar al de otras nacionalidades durante las últimas dos décadas. Por esta razón, se pretende indagar sobre la evolución de las dinámicas migratorias entre estos dos países durante el periodo 2005-2015. Para dicho propósito, se tendrán en cuenta las políticas y decisiones que el gobierno peruano ha tomado en materia migratoria a lo largo de los últimos veinte años, y situaciones de orden económico y social en ambos países que hayan intercedidoen la invariabilidad de los flujos migratorios y que logren justificar el caso, además de resaltar tendencias migratorias vigentes de esta población.
Entre la Ciencia Política convencional y la(s) Politología(s) alternativa(s): hitos históricos y debates actuales
Authors: Puello-Socarrás José Francisco , Jiménez Carolina 
Published: March 2019

Este artículo estudia la institucionalización de la ciencia política, en tanto ciencia social, durante el siglo XX. Atendiendo a dicho proceso, problematiza la falaz dicotomía que se ha construido entre una supuesta y vindicada Filosofía política y una autoproclamada Ciencia Política (Political Science). Esta división es fundamental para comprender la crisis del campo disciplinar que se abre a partir del debate propuesto por Sartori en el 2004 en torno a dos interrogantes: “¿hacia dónde va la Ciencia Política?” y “¿qué tipo de ciencia puede y debe ser la Ciencia Política?”. A partir de estos elementos se presenta, en la parte final de este escrito,la caracterización de lo que se denomina la catástrofe disciplinar y se propone un escenario para revertir, subvertir, proponer vías alternativas para la reconstrucción del pensamiento, conocimiento y teoría políticos, con la aspiración de una Politología renovada.
Propuesta de vivienda incremental para la comunidad tsáchila a través métodos participativos
Authors: Hidalgo Molina Daniela , Ponce Juan Diego , Raymond Cornejo Gisela 
Published: March 2019

La vivienda es una expresión cultural, pues representa cómo los habitantes se relacionan con el territorio. Ecuador es un país multicultural donde la diversidad se manifiesta a través de los distintos hábitats. Los Tsáchilas, también llamados Colorados, habitan en Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas y, por sus costumbres y tradiciones, los integrantes de esta etnia esperan ser declarados Patrimonio de la Humanidad por la Unesco. De acuerdo con el último censo habitacional, Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas es el segundo sector del país con déficit habitacional. Después del terremoto del 16 de abril del 2016, varias viviendas de las comunidades Tsáchilas fueron afectadas. Estas serán reemplazadas por una vivienda nueva por lo que la academia aporta el diseño de un prototipo de vivienda social con criterios formales y funcionales de la etnia tsáchila. Durante las visitas en el sitio se realizaron levantamientos de vivienda, entrevistas y talleres para determinar criterios arquitectónicos. Utilizando la caña guadua como principal material, se realizó esta nueva propuesta que continua en proceso de socialización, esperando ser una opción de vivienda incremental para el catálogo del Ministerio de Desarrollo Urbano y Vivienda.
KARŞILAŞTIRMALI İHRACAT PERFORMANSI (CEP) İNDEKSİNE GÖRE TÜRKİYE’NİN AB28 ADAY ÜLKELERİ KARŞISINDAKİ REKABET GÜCÜ (2006-2016)
Authors: KUŞAT Nurdan 
Published: March 2019

2017 yılı sonu itibariyle Sırbistan, Karadağ,
Arnavutluk, Makedonya ve Bosna Hersek aday ülke, Kosova ise potansiyel aday
ülke statüsüyle AB28’le diyalog içerisindedir. Çalışmada AB’ye tam üyelik
başvurusu yaklaşık 60 yıla ulaşan Türkiye’nin, bu aday ülkeler karşısındaki
karşılaştırmalı ihracat performansı seçilmiş bazı sektörler çerçevesinde hesaplanmaktadır.
Bu hesaplamada Donges ve arkadaşlarının 1982 yılında geliştirdiği
“Karşılaştırmalı İhracat Performansı” (Comparative Export Performance – CEP)
indeksi’nden yararlanılmaktadır. Çalışmanın tarih aralığı 2006-2016 ve
sektörler imalat, tarım, gıda, tekstil, demir çelik ve kimyasallar sektörleri
şeklinde belirlenmiştir. Elde edilen bulgular Türkiye’nin tekstil sektöründeki
ihracat performansını ve rekabet gücünü teyit ederken; imalat sektöründe
Makedonya, tarım ve gıda sektörlerinde Karadağ ve Sırbistan, demir çelik
sektöründe Makedonya ve Arnavutluk, Kimyasallar sektöründe ise Makedonya ve
Sırbistan yüksek ihracat performansları ve rekabet avantajları ile dikkat
çekmektedir.
Magnesiothermal synthesis and consolidation of multicomponent powder ceramics in the Zr–Si–Mo–B system
Authors: Astapov A. N. , Pogozhev Yu. S. , Lemescheva M. V. , Rupasov S. I. , Vershinnikov V. I. , Lifanov I. P. , Rabinskiy L. N. 
Published: March 2019

The work aims to obtain composite powder ceramics based on ZrB2–ZrSi2–MoSi2 by the self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) according to the scheme of magnesium thermal reduction from oxide raw materials, as well as its subsequent consolidation by hot pressing (HP). The combustion of the reaction mixtures is characterized by rather high adiabatic temperatures in the range of 2060 to 2120 K and burning rates in the range of 8,3 to 9,4 g/s. The yield of the end product with magnesiothermal reduction is 34–38 %. The resulting powder contains 13–47 % ZrB2, 21–70 % ZrSi2, 2–32 % ZrSi, and 10–18 % MoSi2 depending on the composition of the initial reaction mixture. It is characterized by high structural homogeneity and consists of composite particles of polyhedral shape with an average about 8 microns in size. The structure of ceramics consolidated by the HP method from SHS powder is homogeneous and includes ZrB2 needle grains distributed in a ZrSi2 matrix, MoSi2 inclusions of various morphology and ZrSiO4 silicate, distributed along the grain boundaries of ZrSi2. The samples obtained by HP are characterized by a high degree of homogeneity of the chemical composition and a residual porosity of 2,5–7,4 %.