bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Academic Staffs’ Level of Organizational Commitment in Higher Educational Setting: The Case of Haramaya University
Authors: Kassaw Endris Seid , Golga Dawit Negassa 
Published: April 2019

Employees’ organizational commitment is considered as a crucial issue in higher education setting for realizing institutional vision, attaining its goals, and uplifting employees’ motivation to achieve better work performance. This subject has, therefore, been studied so as to draw attention to enhance the effectiveness of Ethiopian higher education institutions with particular reference to Haramaya University. Thus, the main objective of this study was to assess academic staffs’ level of organizational commitment. In addition, the study assessed whether there exist a significant difference in academic staffs’ level of organizational commitment in terms of their gender and level of education. A cross-sectional research design was employed in the study. Primary and secondary data sources were used. A commitment scale questionnaire was used to collect data from 275 participants who were selected using stratified random sampling technique as well as further information about the study were also collected using focus group discussion and document review. The quantitative data were analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics; the qualitative data were analyzed using content and narration methods of data analysis. The study revealed that academic staffs of the university have moderate level of organizational commitment. With this level of organizational commitment, it is less likely to attain both individual work performance objectives and organizational missions and vision of the university. In addition, there were relative implications of turnover, turnover intention, absenteeism, and demotivation among academic staffs. The study further revealed that although there is no significant difference in level of commitment with reference to gender, academic staffs’ level of organizational commitment was significantly different with reference to their level of education. Thus, it is recommended that the working environment of the university is revisited by giving due emphasis to and addressing the determinants that lower the organizational commitment of the staff.
Era uma vez: a poeticidade na construção de Menina Nina: duas razões para não chorar
Authors: Girotto Cyntia Graziella Guizelim Simões , Oliveira Andréia Dos Santos 
Published: April 2019

O artigo em pauta analisa a obra de Ziraldo Menina Nina, duas razões para não chorar. De cunho autobiográfico, o autor utiliza toda a poeticidade permitida nas construções de textos verbais e não verbais para retratar elementos importantes: relação vó/neta e a morte inesperada de um ente querido. Para atingir o objetivo proposto, recorreu-se a análise das duas linguagens que compõem a narrativa: a escrita e a visual. Constatou-se que a obra de qualidade estético-literária não somente possibilita que leitores de diferentes idades se identifiquem com a protagonista na perda de um ente querido, como amplia seu conhecimento do mundo e de si mesmo. Ademais uma vivência literária cria afetamos, contribuindo para humanizar leitores, bem como fomenta novos interesses e desejos pelo ato de ler a produção estético-literária materializada nos livros.
Health Economics and Outcomes of Surfactant Treatments for Respiratory Distress Syndrome Among Preterm Infants in US Level III/IV Neonatal Intensive Care Units
Authors: Sekar Krishnamurthy , Fuentes Daniel , Krukas-Hampel Michelle R. , Ernst Frank R. 
Published: April 2019

OBJECTIVE To compare length of stay (LOS), costs, mechanical ventilation (MV), and mortality in preterm infants treated in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) with beractant (BE), calfactant (CA), and poractant alfa (PA) for Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS).METHODS This study evaluated preterm infants born between 2010 and 2013 with RDS diagnosis, gestational age of 25 to 36 weeks, birthweight of ≥500 g, and age of ≤2 days on first surfactant administration. Multivariable regression was used to evaluate all NICU outcomes.RESULTS Of 13,240 infants meeting the study criteria, 4136 (31.2%) received BE, 2502 (18.9%) received CA, and 6602 (49.9%) received PA. Adjusted analyses estimated similar mean LOS (BE 26.7 days, CA 27.8 days, and PA 26.2 days) and hospital costs (BE: $50,929; CA: $50,785; and PA: $50,212). Compared to PA, BE and CA were associated with greater odds of MV use on day 3 (OR = 1.56 and 1.60, respectively) and day 7 (OR = 1.39 and 1.28, respectively; all p &lt; 0.05). Adjusted NICU mortality was significantly higher only with CA vs PA (OR = 1.51; p = 0.015).CONCLUSION Adjusted NICU LOS and costs were similar among BE, CA, and PA. Infants receiving PA were less likely to be on MV at 3 and 7 days, and PA treatment was associated with lower odds of NICU mortality when compared to CA.
A Critical Evaluation of Enoxaparin Dose Adjustment Guidelines in Children
Authors: Dinh Christine Nguyen , Moffett Brady S. , Galati Marianne , Lee-Kim YoungNa , Yee Donald L. , Mahoney Donald 
Published: April 2019

OBJECTIVES The purposes of this study are to perform a large-scale evaluation of the standardized dosage adjustment nomogram recommended by the American College of Chest Physicians (CHEST) for the management of enoxaparin in hospitalized pediatric patients and to determine the necessity of routine and repeated anti–factor Xa (anti-Xa) levels.METHODS A retrospective cohort study was designed, and charts were reviewed in a single tertiary care institution for all patients who received enoxaparin between October 1, 2010, through September 30, 2016. Patients were included if they were receiving treatment doses of enoxaparin according to the pediatric CHEST guidelines, had a subtherapeutic or supratherapeutic anti-Xa level drawn at 3.5 to 6 hours after a dose, had a dose changed in an attempt to attain a therapeutic anti-Xa level, and had a second anti-Xa level drawn 3.5 to 6 hours after the dose change. Descriptive statistical methods were used to characterize the ability of dose adjustment via a nomogram to attain an anti-Xa of 0.5 to 1 unit/mL.RESULTS A total of 467 patients were identified who received the appropriate initial dose and dosage adjustment and whose levels were drawn according to the CHEST guidelines. In patients who had an initial anti-Xa level of &lt;0.35 units/mL and received the nomogram recommended dose increase of 25% ± 5%, 28 out of 96 patients (29.2%) reached therapeutic levels. Of 197 patients who had an initial anti-Xa level between 0.35 and 0.49 units/mL and who received the nomogram recommended dose increase of 10% ± 5%, 116 (58.9%) reached therapeutic levels. Of 50 patients with an initial anti-Xa level between 1.1 and 1.5 units/mL and who received the nomogram dose decrease of 20% ± 5%, 31 (62%) reached therapeutic levels.CONCLUSIONS The current dosage adjustment nomogram recommended by the CHEST guidelines does not reliably lead to therapeutic anti-Xa levels when used to adjust enoxaparin doses in pediatric patients.
Pilot Study Comparing Modified Finnegan Scoring Versus Adjusted Scoring System for Infants With Iatrogenic Opioid Abstinence Syndrome After Cardiothoracic Surgery
Authors: Capino Amanda C. , Johnson Peter N. , Williams Patricia K. , Anderson Michael P. , Bedwell Susan , Miller Jamie L. 
Published: April 2019

OBJECTIVES To compare the modified Finnegan Scoring System (modified Finnegan) with an Adjusted Scoring System Criteria (adjusted Finnegan) for infants after cardiothoracic surgery with iatrogenic opioid abstinence syndrome (IOAS).
METHODS This was a retrospective, observational pilot study. This study was conducted in a tertiary care academic hospital. Infants after cardiothoracic surgery with IOAS transferred between the pediatric intensive care unit and neonatal intensive care unit between January 1, 2014, and January 31, 2016, were included retrospectively. The main outcome variable was to compare the area under the curve for the mean modified Finnegan versus adjusted Finnegan.
RESULTS Twenty-five patients were included in the study. Twenty patients with at least 30 scores were included in the final analysis. Overall, the modified Finnegan scores were at least 2 points higher than the adjusted Finnegan. The difference in area under the curve was 34.6 (p &lt; 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS Use of the modified Finnegan tool for older infants with IOAS could overestimate withdrawal, leading to unnecessary interventions.
eHealth adoption and use among healthcare professionals in a tertiary hospital in Sub-Saharan Africa: a Qmethodology study
Authors: Ladan Muhammad Awwal , Wharrad Heather , Windle Richard 
Published: April 2019

BackgroundThe aim of the study was to explore the viewpoints of healthcare professionals (HCPs) on the adoption and use of eHealth in clinical practice in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Information and communication technologies (ICTs) including eHealth provide HCPs the opportunity to provide quality healthcare to their patients while also improving their own clinical practices. Despite this, previous research has identified these technologies have their associated challenges when adopting them for clinical practice. But more research is needed to identify how these eHealth resources influence clinical practice. In addition, there is still little information about adoption and use of these technologies by HCPs inclinical practice in Sub-Saharan Africa.MethodAn exploratory descriptive design was adopted for this study. Thirty-six (36) HCPs (18 nurses and 18 physicians) working in the clinical area in a tertiary health institution in SSA participated in this study. Using Qmethodology, study participants rank-ordered forty-six statementsin relation to their adoption and use of eHealth within their clinical practice.This was analysed using by-person factor analysis and complemented with audio-taped interviews.ResultsThe analysis yielded four factors i.e., distinct viewpoints the HCPs hold about adoption and use of eHealth within their clinical practice. These factors include: “Patient-focused eHealth advocates” who use the eHealth because they are motivated by patients and their families preferences; “Task-focused eHealth advocates” use eHealth because it helps them complete clinical tasks; “Traditionalistic-pragmatists” recognise contributions eHealth makes in clinical practice but separate from their routine clinical activities; and the “Tech-focused eHealth advocates” who use the eHealth because they are motivated by the technology itself.ConclusionThe study shows the equivocal viewpoints that HCPs have about eHealth within their clinical practice. This, in addition to adding to existing literature, will help policymakers/decision makers to consider HCPs views about these technologies prior to implementing an eHealth resource.
Plant Regeneration via Somatic Embryogenesis in Solanum nigrum L. (Black nightshade) (Solanaceae)
Authors: Sharada Durgam , Krishna Porandla Sai , Swamy Nanna Rama 
Published: April 2019

Aim: To study the effect of various plant growth regulators (PGRs) for induction of somatic embryogenesis and plantlet formation from cotyledon and leaflet explants in S. nigrum (night shade) an important medicinal plant used in treatment of digestive problems and skin infections.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Biotechnology, Kakatiya university, Warangal. Telangana, India, 3 years.
Methodology: Cotyledon (0.8 cm2) and leaflet explants (0.8-1.0 cm2) from 3 week and 4 week old were cultured on MS medium supplemented with 30 g/L sucrose along with different concentrations of 0.5 mg/L BAP+NAA (0.5 – 6.0 mg/L) .
Results: Maximum percentage of somatic embryogenesis was observed in cotyledon(89%) and leaf (98%) explants on MS medium augmented with 0.5mg/L BAP in combination with 2.0 mg/L NAA whereas the highest number of somatic embryos per explant (86 ± 0.19) was formed in leaflet explant.
Conclusion: Somatic embryogenesis was induced from both cotyledon and leaf explants. Since it is threatened and medicinally important species S. nigrum, the present protocol can be used for its conservation and genetic transformation experiments.
Comparison of Phytochemical, Iron Chelating, and Free Radical Scavenging Activity of Fresh Ribes Nigrum (Black Currant) and Nutraceutical C24/7
Authors: Carole Nweze Chibuzor , Olajide Rasaq Nurudeen , Grace Akawu 
Published: April 2019

Background: Black currant (Ribes nigrum L. Grossulariceae) promotes good health. A lot of researches have been carried out on common fruits but little attention is given to indigenous fruits such as Ribes nigrum which promotes good health with its high content of phytochemicals that influences its antioxidant activity in neutralizing free radicals as well as its iron chelating property.
Aim of this Study: To compare the phytochemical composition, iron-chelating and the free radical scavenging activity of fresh Ribes nigrum and Nutraceutical C24/7.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nasarawa State University, Keffi, Nasarawa State, Nigeria between June 2017 and January 2019.
Methodology: Fleshy parts of fresh Ribes nigrum fruit was homogenized using an electrical blender and was macerated with70% ethanol (Sigma Aldrich, 99.8%) for 72 hours and then filtered. The filtrate was condensed using a rotary evaporator and the extract was stored at 4°C. Preliminary phytochemical screening was carried out on the extract and the nutraceutical C24/7 caplets using standard procedures and the identified phytochemicals: saponins, tannins, alkaloids and steroids were quantitatively estimated. Iron chelating and total antioxidant activity assay was conducted using the DPPH radical scavenging and spectrophotometric methods respectively on the extract and the nutraceutical C24/7. Values were analyzed using One way analysis of Variance (ANOVA).Values of P<0.05 were considered significant.
Results and Conclusion: The findings of this study show that the hydro-ethanol extract of Ribes nigrum contains a large amount of flavonoids, saponins tannins, alkaloids and steroids compounds and exhibits iron chelating and high antioxidant (free radical scavenging) activity compared to nutraceutical-C24/7 caplets.
Insecticide Susceptibility Profile of Malaria Vector Populations from the Coastal and Mainland Areas of Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria
Authors: Atting I. A. , Ekpo N. D. , Akpan M. E. , Bassey B. E. , Asuquo M. J. , Usip L. P. E. , Inyama P. U. , Samdi L. M. 
Published: April 2019

Development of resistance by different malaria vector populations to insecticides has become a big threat to malaria vector elimination. This study evaluated the susceptibility of Anopheles mosquito populations in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria to permethrin (0.75%), deltamethrin (0.5%), lambdacyhalothrin (0.5%), alphacypermethrin (0.75%), Dichlorodiphenyltrichloethane (DDT), propoxur, bendiocarb and pirimiphosmethylin in World Health Organization (WHO) test tubes following standard protocols. The mosquitoes were obtained as aquatic forms and reared under laboratory conditions to adults. The adults were subjected to WHO susceptibility bioassays following standard procedures. Malaria vectors across the study sites were resistant to permethrin, deltamethrin, lambdacyhalothrin and alphacypermethrin insecticides. Full susceptibility to propoxur and bendiocarb was recorded across the sites. Full susceptibility to pirimiphosmethyl was recorded in populations from three sites. Nevertheless, population of the malaria vectors collected from Oron was resistant to pirimiphosmethyl. KDT50 and KDT95 estimated for each insecticide using a log-time probit model revealed that knockdown was more rapid for deltamethrin, lambdacyhalothrin, alphacypermethrin, propoxur, bendiocarb and pirimiphosmethyl than for DDT and permethrin across the study sites. Morphological identification of all the mosquito samples used revealed that they were female Anopheles gambiae s.l. Sustained susceptibility of malaria vectors to pyrethriod is necessary for successful malaria control with insecticide treated nets and Indoor Residual Spraying (IRS). Emergence of focal points with insecticide resistance gives serious concern especially with the scale-up in distribution of pyrethriod treated nets to these areas. This may increase selection pressures due to overexposure. Further study to identify the exact resistance mechanism(s) of malaria vectors from these sites is recommended.
Biochemical Assessment of the Liver in SCD in a Tertiary Hospital in South-South, Nigeria
Authors: Akaba Kingsley , Enang Ofem , Bassey Bassey Okon , Babatope Oluwakorede , Riman Omolabake 
Published: April 2019

Background: Sickle cell disease (SCD) is often associated with liver disease. The constant state of haemolysis, multiple blood transfusion, viral hepatitis, hepatic sinusoidal congestion, haemosiderosis and cholestasis, are all conditions which may eventually evolve into liver disease. Sickle cell disease is a heterogeneous group of disorders that is usually associated with an autosomal recessive structural haemoglobin disorder. Biochemical abnormalities have been associated with SCD and it is usually more pronounced in vaso occlusive crises; an acute bone crisis and common painful complication of SCD, than in steady state.
Aim: The aim of the study was to assess some biochemical parameters in relation to SCD patients in our environment with a view to improving the monitoring and management of these patients.
Methodology: The study was a comparative hospital based research carried out at the University of Calabar Teaching Hospital (UCTH), Calabar, South-South Nigeria. Liver function tests were carried out on 60 SCA both in steady state and in crisis and also on 50 apparently healthy adults. The data collected were analyzed using statistical data for social sciences (SPSS) Version 22 for windows. Pearson linear correlation and simple inferential statistical methods were employed for data analysis, a P ≤ 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.
Result: The serum concentrations of AST, ALT, ALP, LDH, Total and conjugated bilirubin were seen to be elevated in VOC compared to in steady state and with the apparently healthy control group. The AST/ALT ratio was also observed to be elevated in VOC as compared with the steady state and the control. Significant product moment correlation was observed in the biochemical parameters both in steady state and in VOC.
Conclusion: The findings of this study revealed marked changes in the biochemical parameters of the liver in VOC than in steady state. It will be recommended that routine evaluation and proper interpretation of liver enzymes is paramount in early detection of liver pathology in SCD.
PENGARUH PERCEIVED SERVICE QUALITY TERHADAP REPURCHASE DAN CUSTOMER SATISFACTION SEBAGAI VARIABEL INTERVENING PADA FAST FOOD RESTAURANT DI SURABAYA
Authors: Saintz Jocellynne 
Published: April 2019

The purpose of this research aims to analyze the effects of Perceived Service Quality towards Repurchase with Customer Satisfaction as an intervening variabel inFast food restaurant. This research was conducted by distributing questionnaires to 100 respondents who were customers of Fast food restaurants who had made transactions in the last six month. This research use the Perceived service quality (X1) variable with the indicators Reliability, Responsiveness, Assurance, Empathy, Tangible, Customer satisfaction variable (Y1) with the indicators Fulfillment, Pleasure, Ambivalance, Repurchase variable (Z1) with the indicators Interest, Pleasure-based value, Sign value, Risk Pribability, dan Risk. The results show: (1) Perceived service quality influence significantly effect customer satisfaction; (2) Perceived service quality affect significantly effect repurchase; (3) customer satisfaction has a significant impact on repurchase
Non‐Oxidative Enzymatic (De)Carboxylation of (Hetero)Aromatics and Acrylic Acid Derivatives
Authors: Payer Stefan E. , Faber Kurt , Glueck Silvia M. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe utilization of carbon dioxide as a C1‐building block for the production of valuable chemicals has recently attracted much interest. Whereas chemical CO2 fixation is dominated by C−O and C−N bond forming reactions, the development of novel concepts for the carboxylation of C‐nucleophiles, which leads to the formation of carboxylic acids, is highly desired. Beside transition metal catalysis, biocatalysis has emerged as an attractive method for the highly regioselective (de)carboxylation of electron‐rich (hetero)aromatics, which has been recently further expanded to include conjugated α,β‐unsaturated (acrylic) acid derivatives. Depending on the type of substrate, different classes of enzymes have been explored for (i) the ortho‐carboxylation of phenols catalyzed by metal‐dependent ortho‐benzoic acid decarboxylases and (ii) the side‐chain carboxylation of para‐hydroxystyrenes mediated by metal‐independent phenolic acid decarboxylases. Just recently, the portfolio of bio‐carboxylation reactions was complemented by (iii) the para‐carboxylation of phenols and the decarboxylation of electron‐rich heterocyclic and acrylic acid derivatives mediated by prenylated FMN‐dependent decarboxylases, which is the main focus of this review. Bio(de)carboxylation processes proceed under physiological reaction conditions employing bicarbonate or (pressurized) CO2 when running in the energetically uphill carboxylation direction. Aiming to facilitate the application of these enzymes in preparative‐scale biotransformations, their catalytic mechanism and substrate scope are analyzed in this review.magnified image
Effect of pore geometry on nanoconfined water transport behavior
Authors: Sun Zheng , Wu Keliu , Shi Juntai , Zhang Tao , Feng Dong , Wang Suran , Liu Wenyuan , Mao Shaowen , Li Xiangfang 
Published: April 2019

AbstractDifferent pore shapes correspond to different interaction strengths between pore surface and molecules, which will result in discrepancy of nanoconfined water transport capacity. In this article, complex nanoscale pore shapes are represented by ellipses, which possess an excellent shape‐variation physical property, that is, ellipses can gradually transition from circles to slit‐like cross‐sections by manipulating aspect ratio from 1 to maxima. Moreover, capturing water slip phenomenon and spatially variation of water viscosity, an analytical model for water transport capacity through elliptical nanopores is developed. Results show that (a) water slip effect plays a limited positive role at hydrophilic environment and a strong positive role at hydrophobic environment; (b) nanopores with more flat geometry feature will possess smaller enhance factor at hydrophilic environment; (c) spatially viscosity distribution is a negative factor when contact angle is lower than about 130° and turns to a positive factor when contact angle is higher than about 130°.