bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Indel-correcting DNA barcodes for high-throughput sequencing
Authors: Hawkins John A. , Jones Stephen K. , Finkelstein Ilya J. , Press William H. 
Published: June 2018

Significance
Modern high-throughput biological assays study pooled populations of individual members by labeling each member with a unique DNA sequence called a “barcode.” DNA barcodes are frequently corrupted by DNA synthesis and sequencing errors, leading to significant data loss and incorrect data interpretation. Here, we describe an error correction strategy to improve the efficiency and statistical power of DNA barcodes. Our strategy accurately handles insertions and deletions (indels) in DNA barcodes, the most common type of error encountered during DNA synthesis and sequencing, resulting in order-of-magnitude increases in accuracy, efficiency, and signal-to-noise ratio. The accompanying software package makes deployment of these barcodes straightforward for the broader experimental scientist community.
Maximum principles and Bôcher type theorems
Authors: Li Congming , Wu Zhigang , Xu Hao 
Published: June 2018

Significance
The Bôcher theorem for fractional Laplacian extends the classical Bôcher theorem with a unified proof that can be adapted in other situations. Our distributional approach reduces the regularity requirement and connects the Bôcher theorem directly with the corresponding maximum principles. These maximum principles derived are simple and basic with many potential applications.
La categoría ‘nombre’ en laGrammatica o Arte(1560) de Domingo de Santo Tomás y en elArte(1571) de Alonso de Molina
Authors: Cancino Cabello1 Nataly 
Published: June 2018

ResumenEn este trabajo se compara el tratamiento de la categoría gramatical ‘nombre’ en dos obras misioneras de la América colonial:Grammatica o arte de la lengua general de los Indios de los Reynos del Peru(1560) de Domingo de Santo Tomás (1499–1570), sobre el quechua, del área andina, yArte de la lengua Mexicana y Castellana(1571) de Alonso de Molina (1514–1585), sobre el náhuatl, de la zona mesoamericana. Dichas obras son los primeros tratados gramaticales que describen estas lenguas generales en los virreinatos de Perú y Nueva España, respectivamente, y que se imprimieron en América. Por esta razón, se pueden considerar como piedras angulares para la descripción lingüística respecto de estas lenguas y de otras geográficamente cercanas. Partimos nuestro artículo considerando que estos escritos forman parte de una “tradición hispánica o española” de la lingüística misionera, de modo que revisamos el tratamiento de dicho concepto en la bibliografía especializada. Posteriormente, realizamos un análisis del ‘nombre’ que nos lleva a concluir que en ambas obras prima un enfoque contrastivo, en el cual se emplea la gramática latina como punto de inicio para explicar dicha categoría gramatical. A partir de este modelo, se puntualizan y se explican las semejanzas y las diferencias entre aquel y las gramáticas de las lenguas indígenas; en el segundo caso, los autores buscan nuevas soluciones que faciliten la descripción de las lenguas. Asimismo, debido al contexto de evangelización en que se elaboraron las obras, en estas se incluyen asuntos etnográficos relacionados con la descripción de la categoría ‘nombre’, lo cual también diferencia estos tratados de la tradición gramatical latina. Por último, ofrecemos unas reflexiones finales sobre el ‘nombre’ en las obras revisadas.
Mikołaj Kruszewski (1851–1887) et les Néo-grammairiens
Authors: Comtet Roger 
Published: June 2018

Résumé
Le linguiste polonais Mikołaj Kruszewski (1851–1887) est la plupart du temps présenté comme un Néo-grammairien, tout comme du reste son maître et compatriote Jan Baudouin de Courtenay (1845–1929). Mais peut-on faire confiance à ce lieu commun? Pour répondre à cette question, on esquissera dans un premier temps les principales étapes de la vie et de l’œuvre de Kruszewski, ce qui nous permettra de mieux le situer par rapport aux Néo-grammairiens; et on découvre une relation complexe, entre emprunt, imitation, refondation et créativité pure. L’examen des œuvres initiales de Kruszewski, à cheval entre linguistique et ethnographie, et composées avant même la découverte du mouvement néo-grammairien (il s’agit surtout des Formules magiques comme genre de la poésie populaire de 1876), montre en effet que Kruszewski a été bien davantage inspiré par l’ethnologie et la psychologie empiriste anglo-saxonnes qu’il avait découvertes lors de ses années d’étude à Varsovie. Sa pensée s’inscrit donc au confluent de deux héritages scientifiques, l’un anglo-saxon, l’autre germanique, ce qui illustre une fois de plus la fécondité des échanges interculturels.
That Was Not ‘Lenneberg’s Dream’
Authors: Longa Víctor M. 
Published: June 2018

SummaryEric Heinz Lenneberg (1921–1975), a neuroscientist and linguist born in Düsseldorf, published his masterpieceBiological Foundations of Languagein1967. This book, now recognized as a classic in the field, inaugurated the scientific study of the biology of language, and has since its publication exerted an enormous influence. However, some interpretations of this work do not accurately capture the author’s biological and linguistic thinking. Here I concentrate on one such interpretation, that of leading generative acquisitionist Kenneth Wexler (1942-), who has formulated what he terms ‘Lenneberg’s dream’, portraying Lenneberg as believing that a trait like language is directly rooted in the genome. The present paper will show that Lenneberg’s view was in fact quite different from that assumed by Wexler. First, while the latter author explicitly adopts the genocentric stance that has characterized generative grammar since its very inception, the former relativized the role of genes and rejected the genome as the direct source of language. Second, Wexler’s position can be shown to be preformationist, assuming the genome to contain a specific program for language; Lenneberg, in contrast, never embraced that position and instead adopted an opposite, epigenesist stance. In sum, Lenneberg dreamt a completely different dream.
Gluteal Augmentation With Fat: Retrospective Safety Study and Literature Review
Authors: Kalaaji Amin , Dreyer Stine , Vadseth Line , Maric Ivana , Jönsson Vanja , Haukebøe Trond H 
Published: June 2018

Abstract

Background
Use of gluteal augmentation with fat increased by 3267% from 2002 to 2015, and the rate of death is highest compared with other aesthetic procedures: 1 in 3448 patients dies, compared with 1 in 55,000.

Objectives
To retrospectively investigate patients who underwent this procedure at Oslo Plastic Surgery Clinic, to review international data to determine factors causing mortality, and to provide guidelines for safety.

Methods
Patient data were searched for reason for the procedure, assessment of patients, techniques performed, and safety measures used. In 60 cases, a vibration machine was used for fat harvesting. Review of the international literature, with special emphasis on fatal complications, was performed on Medline, Google Scholar, and PubMed.

Results
Mean patient age was 32 years. Mean amount of grafted fat was 422 mL (range, 210-850 mL). Sedation, local and tumescent anesthesia were used in all patients, with mobilization directly after surgery. Mean operation time was 89 minutes. Eighteen patients required a second surgery. Minor complications occurred in 8 patients. Average follow-up was 8 months. Ninety percent of patients were satisfied. Review of international literature showed that the main reason for death in 2015 was fat lung embolism related to muscular and submuscular grafting.

Conclusions
Gluteal augmentation with fat is one of the most popular procedures, with an internationally high mortality rate. Patient safety is a priority, and preventive measures should improve safety because appropriate patient selection, avoiding muscular and submuscular grafting, avoiding infragluteal incision, moderate grafted volume, and direct postoperative mobilization are essential.

Level of Evidence: 4
Individualized treatment effects with censored data via fully nonparametric Bayesian accelerated failure time models
Authors: Henderson Nicholas C , Louis Thomas A , Rosner Gary L , Varadhan Ravi 
Published: June 2018

Summary
Individuals often respond differently to identical treatments, and characterizing such variability in treatment response is an important aim in the practice of personalized medicine. In this article, we describe a nonparametric accelerated failure time model that can be used to analyze heterogeneous treatment effects (HTE) when patient outcomes are time-to-event. By utilizing Bayesian additive regression trees and a mean-constrained Dirichlet process mixture model, our approach offers a flexible model for the regression function while placing few restrictions on the baseline hazard. Our nonparametric method leads to natural estimates of individual treatment effect and has the flexibility to address many major goals of HTE assessment. Moreover, our method requires little user input in terms of model specification for treatment covariate interactions or for tuning parameter selection. Our procedure shows strong predictive performance while also exhibiting good frequentist properties in terms of parameter coverage and mitigation of spurious findings of HTE. We illustrate the merits of our proposed approach with a detailed analysis of two large clinical trials (N = 6769) for the prevention and treatment of congestive heart failure using an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor. The analysis revealed considerable evidence for the presence of HTE in both trials as demonstrated by substantial estimated variation in treatment effect and by high proportions of patients exhibiting strong evidence of having treatment effects which differ from the overall treatment effect.
Toward Task Connectomics: Examining Whole-Brain Task Modulated Connectivity in Different Task Domains
Authors: Di Xin , Biswal Bharat B 
Published: June 2018

AbstractHuman brain anatomical and resting-state functional connectivity have been comprehensively portrayed using MRI, which are termed anatomical and functional connectomes. A systematic examination of tasks modulated whole brain functional connectivity, which we term as task connectome, is still lacking. We analyzed 6 block-designed and 1 event-related designed functional MRI data, and examined whole-brain task modulated connectivity in various task domains, including emotion, reward, language, relation, social cognition, working memory, and inhibition. By using psychophysiological interaction between pairs of regions from the whole brain, we identified statistically significant task modulated connectivity in 4 tasks between their experimental and respective control conditions. Task modulated connectivity was found not only between regions that were activated during the task but also regions that were not activated or deactivated, suggesting a broader involvement of brain regions in a task than indicated by simple regional activations. Decreased functional connectivity was observed in all the 4 tasks and sometimes reduced connectivity was even between regions that were both activated during the task. This suggests that brain regions that are activated together do not necessarily work together. The current study demonstrates the comprehensive task connectomes of 4 tasks, and suggested complex relationships between regional activations and connectivity changes.
Head versus Heart: The Effect of Objective versus Feelings-Based Mental Imagery on New Product Creativity
Authors: Herd Kelly B , Mehta Ravi 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Imagination visual mental imagery, a mental simulation process that involves imagining an end user interacting with an end product, has been proposed as an efficient strategy to incorporate end-user experiences during new product ideation. Consumer research finds that this strategy enhances overall product usefulness, but does not resolve whether and how this process may impact outcome originality. The present work delineates the imagination visual mental imagery construct and argues that such mental imagery can take two different routes—one that is more feelings-based (i.e., feelings-imagination), and one that is more objective (i.e., objective-imagination). Further, we propose that although these two approaches will equally benefit outcome usefulness, they will have differential impact on outcome originality. Across five studies, we demonstrate that adopting a feelings-imagination versus an objective-imagination approach induces higher empathic concern, enhancing cognitive flexibility, which leads to higher outcome originality. Theoretical and managerial implications are discussed.
On the connectivity of the cosmic web: theory and implications for cosmology and galaxy formation
Authors: Codis Sandrine , Pogosyan Dmitri , Pichon Christophe 
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACT
Cosmic connectivity and multiplicity, i.e. the number of filaments globally or locally connected to a given cluster is a natural probe of the growth of structure and in particular of the nature of dark energy. It is also a critical ingredient driving the assembly history of galaxies as it controls mass and angular momentum accretion. The connectivity of the cosmic web is investigated here via the persistent skeleton. This tool identifies topologically the ridges of the cosmic landscape which allows us to investigate how the nodes of the cosmic web are connected together. When applied to Gaussian random fields corresponding to the high-redshift universe, it is found that on average the nodes are connected to exactly κ = 4 neighbours in two dimensions and ∼6.1 in three dimensions. Investigating spatial dimensions up to d = 6, typical departures from a cubic lattice κ = 2d are shown to scale like the power 7/4 of the dimension. These numbers strongly depend on the height of the peaks: the higher the peak the larger the connectivity. Predictions from first principles based on peak theory are shown to reproduce well the connectivity and multiplicity of Gaussian random fields and cosmological simulations. As an illustration, connectivity is quantified in galaxy lensing convergence maps and large dark haloes catalogues. As a function of redshift and scale the mean connectivity decreases in a cosmology-dependent way. As a function of halo mass, it scales like 10/3 times the log of the mass. Implications on galactic scales are discussed.
A Meta-Analysis of Risk Factors for the Formation of de novo Intracranial Aneurysms
Authors: Hu Si , Yu NianZu , Li YiYun , Hao Zheng , Liu Zheng , Li Mei-hua 
Published: June 2018

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Understanding the risk factors for the formation of de novo intracranial aneurysms (IAs) is important for patients who have ever suffered a cerebral aneurysm.

OBJECTIVE
To estimate the risk factors for the development of a de novo IA to identify which patients need more aggressive surveillance after aneurysm treatment.

METHODS
We followed the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses guidelines and searched the PubMed, CENTRAL, EMBASE, and LILACS databases using the key words cerebral aneurysms, de novo, IAs, risk factors combined using and/or. The search was performed in July 2017.We calculated odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using RevMan 5.3 (Cochrane, London, United Kingdom) to evaluate risk factors. Statistical significance was set at P < .05.

RESULTS
The analysis included 14 studies involving 6389 patients, of whom 197 patients had de novo IAs. The main risk factors for formation included sex (OR = 1.82, 95% CI [1.30,2.56], P = .0005, female vs male), age <40 yr (OR = 2.96, 95% CI [1.76,4.96], P < .0001), family history (OR = 2.05, 95% CI [1.07,3.93], P = .03), smoking history (OR = 2.73, 95% CI [1.81,4.12], P < .0001), and multiple saccular intracranial aneurysms (sIAs) at first diagnosis (OR = 2.10, 95% CI [1.12,3.91], P = .02), internal carotid artery (ICA) as the initial site (OR = 2.58, 95% CI [1.43,4.68], P = .002). Heterogeneous analysis showed that these I2 were less than 50% and the results were reliable.

CONCLUSION
Observational evidence identified multiple clinical and anatomic risk factors for the formation of de novo IAs, including female sex, age <40 yr, family history, smoking history, multiple sIAs at first diagnosis, and IC as the initial site. More aggressive long-term angiographic follow-up with digital subtraction angiography, computed tomography angiography, or magnetic resonance angiography is recommended for these patients.
Peptidylarginine deiminase 4: a nuclear button triggering neutrophil extracellular traps in inflammatory diseases and aging
Authors: Wong Siu Ling , Wagner Denisa D. 
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACTPeptidylarginine deiminase 4 (PAD4) is a nuclear citrullinating enzyme that is critically involved in the release of decondensed chromatin from neutrophils as neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). NETs, together with fibrin, are implicated in host defense against pathogens; however, the formation of NETs (NETosis) has injurious effects that may outweigh their protective role. For example, PAD4 activity produces citrullinated neoantigens that promote autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, to which PAD4 is genetically linked and where NETosis is prominent. NETs are also generated in basic sterile inflammatory responses that are induced by many inflammatory stimuli, including cytokines, hypoxia, and activated platelets. Mice that lack PAD4—deficient in NETosis—serve as an excellent tool with which to study the importance of NETs in disease models. In recent years, animal and human studies have demonstrated that NETs contribute to the etiology and propagation of many common noninfectious diseases, the focus of our review. We will discuss the role of NETs in thrombotic and cardiovascular disease, the induction of NETs by cancers and its implications for cancer progression and cancer‐associated thrombosis, and elevated NETosis in diabetes and its negative impact on wound healing, and will propose a link between PAD4/NETs and age‐related organ fibrosis. We identify unresolved issues and new research directions.—Wong, S.L., Wagner, D.D. Peptidylargininedeiminase 4: a nuclear button triggering neutrophil extracellular traps in inflammatory diseases and aging. FASEB J. 32, 6358–6370 (2018). www.fasebj.org
Evaluation of Nursing School Educators’ Knowledge and Attitudes Regarding Infant Sleep Safety
Authors: Cirelli Jane , Clymer Beverly , Burgess Adriane , Aguilar Jennifer , Bell Theodore , Goodstein Michael 
Published: June 2018

Abstract

AIM
The purpose of this study was to evaluate nursing educators’ attitudes and knowledge regarding current American Academy of Pediatrics recommendations for a safe infant sleeping environment.

METHOD
This was a cross-sectional prospective survey of all nursing programs with associate degrees or higher in the United States. Instructors teaching pediatric and obstetric didactic or clinical material at an Accreditation Commission for Education in Nursing-approved nursing school could participate.

RESULTS
Of 396 educators surveyed, 70 percent identified all sudden infant death syndrome risk factors. Correct responses for individual safe sleep recommendations ranged from 99 percent for correct room temperature to 53 percent for pacifier use; 9 percent said it was safest for infants to sleep in a position other than on the back.

CONCLUSION
Nursing educators need ongoing training on infant sleep safety to maintain mastery of the information that students need for competency in the workforce involving infant care.
The Consultation Observed Simulated Clinical Experience: Training, Assessment, and Feedback for Incoming Interns on Requesting Consultations
Authors: Martin Shannon K. , Carter Keme , Hellermann Noah , Glick Laura R. , Ngooi Samantha , Kachman Marika , Farnan Jeanne M. , Arora Vineet M. 
Published: June 2018

Problem
Formal education in requesting consultations is inconsistent in medical education. To address this gap, the authors developed the Consultation Observed Simulated Clinical Experience (COSCE), a simulation-based curriculum for interns using Kessler and colleagues’ 5Cs of Consultation model to teach and assess consultation communication skills.

Approach
In June 2016, 127 interns entering 12 University of Chicago Medicine residency programs participated in the COSCE pilot. The COSCE featured an online training module on the 5Cs and an in-person simulated consultation. Using specialty-specific patient cases, interns requested telephone consultations from faculty, who evaluated their performance using validated checklists. Interns were surveyed on their preparedness to request consultations before and after the module and after the simulation. Subspecialty fellows serving as consultants were surveyed regarding consultation quality before and after the COSCE.

Outcomes
After completing the online module, 84% of interns (103/122) were prepared to request consultations compared with 52% (63/122) at baseline (P < .01). After the COSCE, 96% (122/127) were prepared to request consultations (P < .01). Neither preparedness nor simulation performance differed by prior experience or training. Over 90% (115/127) indicated they would recommend the COSCE for future interns. More consultants described residents as prepared to request consultations after the COSCE (54%; 21/39) than before (27%; 11/41, P = .01).

Next Steps
The COSCE was well received and effective for preparing entering interns with varying experience and training to request consultations. Future work will emphasize consultation communication specific to training environments and evaluate skills via direct observation of clinical performance.
An Update on the Basic and Clinical Science of Ketamine Analgesia
Authors: Doan Lisa V. , Wang Jing 
Published: June 2018

Objective:
In the context of the current opioid epidemic, there has been a renewed interest in the use of ketamine as an analgesic agent.

Methods:
We reviewed ketamine analgesia.

Results:
Ketamine is well-known as an antagonist for N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors. In addition, it can regulate the function of opioid receptors and sodium channels. Ketamine also increases signaling through α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptors. These myriad of molecular and cellular mechanisms are responsible for a number of pharmacological functions including pain relief and mood regulation. Clinically, a number of studies have investigated the role of ketamine in the setting of acute and chronic pain, and there is evidence that ketamine can provide analgesia in a variety of pain syndromes.

Discussion:
In this review, we examined basic mechanisms of ketamine and its current clinical use and potential novel use in pain management.