bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Loss of tolerance to glycoprotein 2 isoforms 1 and 4 is associated with Crohn’s disease of the pouch
Authors: Cummings Donelle , Cruise Michael , Lopez Rocio , Roggenbuck Dirk , Jairath Vipul , Wang Yinghong , Shen Bo , Rieder Florian 
Published: November 2018

SummaryBackgroundZymogen granule glycoprotein 2 (GP2) is a major autoantigen of Crohn's disease‐specific pancreatic autoantibodies.AimTo test a link between loss of tolerance to isoforms of GP2 and pouch disorders in a cross‐sectional study in ulcerative colitis patients with ileal pouch‐anal anastomosis (IPAA).MethodsSerum samples of 117 consecutive ulcerative colitis patients after IPAA were tested for presence of Anti‐GP2 isoforms 1 (GP21) & 4 (GP24) IgG and IgA as well as anti‐Saccaromyces cervisiae (ASCA) IgG and IgA antibodies in a blinded fashion via enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. Pouch disorders were diagnosed based on clinical, endoscopic, histological and radiographic criteria. Crohn's disease of the pouch was defined as involvement of the small bowel mucosa proximal to the ileal pouch with Crohn's disease, development of perianal complications or pouch fistula more than 3 months after ileostomy closure.ResultsPositivity and level of Anti‐GP21 IgG (AUC 0.77; P < 0.001 & P = 0.02, respectively), Anti‐GP24 IgG (AUC 0.74; P < 0.001 & P = 0.025, respectively) and Anti‐GP24 IgA (AUC 0.77; P < 0.001 to P = 0.018, respectively) were specifically associated with Crohn's disease of the pouch. Anti‐GP2 was not associated with endoscopic or histological pouch disease activity index. Neither positivity nor levels of ASCA IgG (AUC 0.63; P = 0.12 & P = 0.35, respectively) or ASCA IgA (AUC 0.67; P = 0.38 & P = 0.53) were associated with pouch phenotypes.ConclusionsThe novel anti‐GP21 and GP24 antibodies are associated with Crohn's disease of the pouch in ulcerative colitis patients after IPAA. Serological anti‐GP2 antibodies could aid in diagnosis of Crohn's disease of the pouch.
Simultaneous transabdominal preperitoneal hernia repair and laparoscopic cholecystectomy: A report of 17 cases
Authors: Hayakawa Shunsuke , Hayakawa Tetsushi , Inukai Koichi , Miyai Hirotaka , Yamamoto Minoru , Kitagami Hidehiko , Shimizu Yasunobu , Tanaka Moritsugu 
Published: November 2018

AbstractIntroductionInguinal hernia repair and cholecystectomy are frequently performed in the field of gastrointestinal surgery. However, reports describing surgical procedures that involve simultaneous transabdominal preperitoneal hernia repair (TAPP) and laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC), as well as the safety and usefulness of this combination, are limited. Herein, we report a surgical procedure involving simultaneous TAPP and LC (TAPP + LC) and present the outcomes of patients who have undergone this combined surgical procedure, with a particular focus on its safety and usefulness.MethodsWe simultaneously performed TAPP + LC in 17 patients (mean age, 66.5 ± 8.1 years) with concomitant inguinal hernia and gallbladder stones. We assessed surgical outcomes.ResultsThe mean operative time was 157 ± 39 min, and mean postoperative hospital stay was 3.2 ± 0.6 days. The median cost was $7673 for TAPP + LC. The mean postoperative length of hospital stay was 1.1 ± 0.6 day for TAPP alone and 3.4 ± 1.4 days for LC alone. The median costs of TAPP alone and LC alone were $4932 and $5453, respectively. Regarding intraoperative complications, the inferior epigastric vessels were damaged in two patients, and seroma was detected as a postoperative complication in one; these complications were spontaneously resolved. No mesh‐ or infection‐related complications were noted.ConclusionSimultaneous TAPP + LC is safe and can be regarded as a standard surgical procedure for patients with concomitant inguinal hernia and gallbladder stones. The TAPP + LC combination appears to help prevent the need for two hospitalizations and, thereby, reduces hospital stay and economic burden.
3D perspective into MIA‐QSAR: A case for anti‐HCV agents
Authors: Daré Joyce K. , Ramalho Teodorico C. , Freitas Matheus P. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractQuantitative structure–activity relationship (QSAR) is a molecular modeling technique widely used in the discovery of novel drugs. Currently, there are many approaches for performing such analysis, which are commonly classified from 1D to 6D. 2D and 3D techniques are among the most exploited ones. Multivariate image analysis applied to QSAR (MIA‐QSAR) is an example of 2D methodology that has presented a satisfactory performance in the generation of effective prediction models for biological/physicochemical properties. However, once this is a 2D method, conformational information is not explicitly considered, despite the well‐known role of such type of information in explaining the biochemical behavior. Thus, the importance of conformation is undeniable, but the requirement of this information for QSAR analysis still needs to be studied. Therefore, this work aimed to provide a method for encoding 3D information into MIA‐QSAR descriptors and analyze the consequences of this inclusion on this methodology. The strategy consisted in fully optimizing the molecular geometries of anti‐HCV compounds and three‐dimensionally align them before performing the MIA‐QSAR procedure. As a result, it was possible to verify that this type of information does not improve the MIA‐QSAR modeling performance; instead, the traditional procedure consisting of maximally congruent substructures generated a more reliable prediction model.
Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity‐Based Prejudice
Authors: Horn Stacey S. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractVery little developmental research has focused on children's and adolescents’ beliefs and attitudes regarding sexual orientation and gender identity/expression (SOGIE), despite documented evidence of the frequency and negative developmental consequences of bullying and harassment related to SOGIE. Although limited research on perpetrators of these types of harassment is beginning to emerge, little of the work is framed around this concept. In this article, I define SOGIE‐based prejudice, outline a multidimensional approach to understanding this phenomenon, and review the available developmental literature as it is related to age, gender, intergroup contact, and social reasoning. SOGIE‐based prejudice involves attitudes about three distinct phenomena: beliefs about homosexuality (e.g., acceptability of same‐sex sexuality, how someone becomes gay or lesbian), attitudes about social interactions (e.g., exclusion, using antigay language, comfort interacting with a gay peer), and attitudes about rights (e.g., access, institutional discrimination). I conclude with recommendations for research on this issue.
Sinus floor elevation in sites with a perforated schneiderian membrane: What is the effect of placing a collagen membrane in a rabbit model?
Authors: Lim Hyun‐Chang , Son Yeojin , Hong Ji‐Youn , Shin Seung‐Il , Jung Ui‐Won , Chung Jong‐Hyuk 
Published: November 2018

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the healing following sinus grafting in sites with a perforated schneiderian membrane repaired using a collagen membrane, compared to control sites without membrane perforation.Materials & MethodsFollowing elevation of the sinus membrane in 16 rabbits, each sinus was assigned to one of the following groups: (a) intentional schneiderian membrane perforation, followed by the placement of a collagen membrane and bone grafting (group SMP) and (b) bone grafting without a perforation of the schneiderian membrane and without a collagen membrane placement (control group). At 2 and 4 weeks (n = 8 for each time‐point), microcomputed tomographic (micro‐CT) and histomorphometric analyses were performed.ResultsOverall new bone formation in group SMP was significantly delayed compared to the control group at 2 and 4 weeks (1.58 ± 1.25% vs. 9.23 ± 2.69% at 2 weeks, 10.43 ± 3.55 vs. 17.86 ± 4.11% at 4 weeks, p < 0.05). At 2 weeks, new bone formation for the areas close to lateral (1.19 ± 2.02%) and medial sinus bone walls (3.17 ± 1.98%) was markedly delayed in group SMP compared to the control group (13.08 ± 6.13% and 12.75 ± 5.63%, respectively, p < 0.05), but there was no statistical difference in those areas at 4 weeks (p > 0.05). The augmented volumes at 2 and 4 weeks were not statistically significantly different in both groups.ConclusionThe perforation of the schneiderian membrane and the repair using a collagen membrane delayed new bone formation in the augmented sinuses. However, the extension of the collagen membrane on the sinus bone walls was also attributable to this delayed bone formation.
Age‐dependent variation of female preponderance across different phenotypes of multiple sclerosis: A retrospective cross‐sectional study
Authors: Miclea Andrei , Salmen Anke , Zoehner Greta , Diem Lara , Kamm Christian P. , Chaloulos‐Iakovidis Panos , Miclea Marius , Briner Myriam , Kilidireas Kostas , Stefanis Leonidas , Chan Andrew , Evangelopoulos Maria Eleftheria , Hoepner Robert 
Published: November 2018

SummaryIntroductionMultiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease of the CNS, which predominantly affects women. Studies investigating the sex distribution in MS are sparse. We aim to analyze the female‐to‐male ratio (F/M ratio) in different MS phenotypes in association with age at diagnosis and year of birth.MethodsWe performed a retrospective cross‐sectional analysis by cumulating data (sex, year of birth, age at diagnosis, and MS phenotypes) from unpublished and published studies of the participating centers.ResultsDatasets of 945 patients were collected. The overall F/M ratio was 1.9:1.0 and female preponderance was present in all phenotypes except for primary progressive MS (PPMS), in which men were predominantly affected (F/M ratio: 0.5:1.0). Female preponderance declined with increasing age at diagnosis and was no longer present in relapsing‐remitting MS (RRMS) patients > 58 years of age.ConclusionOur data demonstrate an age dependency of female preponderance in MS except for PPMS. This could be influenced by the lifecycle of sex hormone secretion in women. In PPMS, a male preponderance was observed in all age‐groups, which might point to pathophysiological mechanisms being less influenced by sex hormones.
Does external beam radiation therapy to the pelvis portend worse ileal pouch outcomes? An international multi‐institution collaborative study
Authors: Lightner A. L. , Spinelli A. , McKenna N. P. , Hallemeier C. L. , Fleshner P. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractAimShort‐term morbidity and long‐term functional outcome of patients with an ileal pouch‐anal anastomosis (IPAA) exposed to pelvic external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) remains unknown. We report the largest series to date regarding the effects of pelvic EBRT on: (i) 30‐day postoperative outcomes; and (ii) long‐term functional outcome following IPAA.MethodA retrospective chart review was conducted of patients who received EBRT before or after IPAA between 1980 and 2017 across three international inflammatory bowel disease referral centres.ResultsNineteen patients were included. Indications for EBRT were rectal adenocarcinoma (n = 13), prostate adenocarcinoma (n = 4) or anal squamous cell carcinoma (ASCC) (n = 2). EBRT was given prior to IPAA in 12 (63%) patients and after IPAA in seven (37%). In EBRT before IPAA, patients had a median of 5 (range: 4–8) daytime bowel movements, 1 (range: 0–5) night‐time bowel movement, no daytime incontinence, and only one patient used pads at a median follow up of 25 (range: 11–163) months; one patient underwent pouch excision 15 months after IPAA. In EBRT after IPAA, patients reported a median of 8 (range: 5–10) daytime and 2 (range: 0–5) night‐time bowel movements, 80% had either daytime or night‐time incontinence and 80% used pads at a median follow up of 90 (range: 25–315) months.ConclusionPelvic EBRT administered prior to IPAA is associated with acceptable long‐term function outcome. However, when pelvic EBRT is given to an IPAA in situ, most patients experience poor long‐term pouch function without pouch failure.
Eosinophilic dermatosis of hematologic malignancy: Correlation of molecular characteristics of skin lesions and extracutaneous manifestations of hematologic malignancy
Authors: Meiss Frank , Technau‐Hafsi Kristin , Kern Johannes S. , May Annette M. 
Published: November 2018

BackgroundSkin diseases are frequent in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and other hematological neoplasias. Eosinophilic dermatosis (ED) of hematologic malignancy has long been considered a nonspecific cutaneous reaction pattern. Recently neoplastic cells have been shown to be present in ED, thus challenging the classification as a nonspecific dermatosis.MethodsWe report five patients with ED in association with CLL. We further investigated the presence of neoplastic B‐cells in the skin infiltrate by immunohistochemistry and immunoglobulin heavy chain rearrangement and compared these to extracutaneous manifestations of CLL.ResultsThe phenotype of the lymphocytic infiltrate was predominately CD3+ (range: 60%‐90%). CD20+ and CD79a+ lymphocytes were less frequent, accounting for up to 15% (range: absent ‐ 15%). CD23+ lymphocytes represented up to 20% (range: absent ‐ 20%) of the infiltrate. The analysis of the immunoglobulin heavy chain rearrangement in the skin specimens showed clonal rearrangements in 4/5 patients and in three of these four patients clones were identical to extracutaneous CLL manifestations.ConclusionOur data show that neoplastic B‐cells are very frequently found in ED when systematically evaluated. This findings support the hypothesis that leukemic cells play a pathogenetic role in ED of hematologic malignancy.
Leucocyte adhesion deficiency—A multicentre national experience
Authors: Wolach Baruch , Gavrieli Ronit , Wolach Ofir , Stauber Tal , Abuzaitoun Omar , Kuperman Amir , Amir Yaakov , Stepensky Polina , Somech Raz , Etzioni Amos 
Published: November 2018

AbstractLeucocyte adhesion deficiency (LAD) is a rare, innate autosomal recessive immunodeficiency with three subtypes. Twenty‐nine patients with LADs were diagnosed and treated in Israeli Medical Centers and in the Palestinian Authority. We discuss the phenotypic, genotypic and biochemical features of LAD‐I, LAD‐II and LAD‐III diagnosed during the neonatal period and early infancy in 18, 6 and 5 patients, respectively. Consanguinity was frequent. Common features were severe infections of variable aetiology, excessive leukocytosis and delayed umbilical cord detachment. In LAD‐I, the integrin CD18 expression varied from negligible to normal. However, CD11a expression was negligible in all tested patients, suggesting both CD11a and CD18 should be used to assess this subtype. LAD‐II patients showed distinctive facial features, physical malformations, short stature and developmental delay. These patients show defective expression of SLeX (CD15a) on cell surface glycoproteins and lack of H antigen on erythroid cell surfaces resulting in Bombay blood group (hh). LAD‐III showed intact but inactive β2 integrins associated with severe infections and significant bleeding disorders caused by defective platelet aggregation and thrombocytopenia. We report four patients with two new unpublished mutations: two LAD‐I patients with c.1099delG in ITGB2 and two LAD‐III patients with c.1069C>T in FERMT3. LAD‐I patients harbouring the c.119_128 deletion in ITGB2 seemed to have better outcomes as compared to other LAD‐I patients. Eight patients with LAD‐I and ‐III underwent successful haematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Cumulative survival was 75%, 50% and 40% for LAD‐I, LAD‐II and LAD‐III, with a median follow‐up of 4 (0.08‐19), 3.25 (1‐32) and 6 (0.08‐8) years, respectively. Prenatal diagnosis is recommended in families with LAD syndromes.
Stigma and access to care in first‐episode psychosis
Authors: Kular Ariana , Perry Benjamin I. , Brown Luke , Gajwani Ruchika , Jasini Rubina , Islam Zoebia , Birchwood Max , Singh Swaran P. 
Published: November 2018

AimMental health‐related stigma is considered a significant barrier to help‐seeking and accessing care in those experiencing mental illness. Long duration of untreated psychosis is associated with poorer outcomes. The impact of stigma on the duration of untreated psychosis, in first‐episode psychosis remains unexplored. To examine the association between mental health‐related stigma and access to care in people experiencing first‐episode psychosis in Birmingham, UK.MethodsWe collected data on a prospective cohort of first‐episode psychosis. The Stigma Scale was used as a measure of mental health‐related stigma, and duration of untreated psychosis as a measure of delay in accessing care. We performed logistic and linear regression analyses to explore the relationship between mental health‐related stigma and duration of untreated psychosis, adjusting for sex, age, educational level, religion and ethnicity.ResultsOn the 89 participants included in this study, linear regression analysis revealed that overall stigma and the discrimination sub‐factor were significant predictors of longer duration of untreated psychosis, whereas logistic regression identified the disclosure sub‐factor to be a significant predictor of longer duration of untreated psychosis.ConclusionsThese findings demonstrate that stigmatizing views of mental illness from the patient's perspectives can result in delayed access to care. This emphasizes the importance of tackling mental health‐related stigma to ensure early treatment and improved outcomes for people experiencing first‐episode psychosis.
A literature review of the predictive validity of European dental school selection methods
Authors: Cunningham Claudia , Patterson Fiona , Cleland Jennifer 
Published: November 2018

AbstractIntroductionSelection to dental school is the point at which there is the potential to assess a wide range of candidate attributes and select those most likely to learn, train and work within the profession. Despite this, little is known in terms of what works and what does not work in dental selection in terms of predicting future performance accurately and fairly. Given this, our aim was to synthesise the last 30 years of research investigating the predictive validity of dental school selection methods.MethodsA search of the electronic databases SCOPUS, Pubmed and Embase was conducted. Results were limited to English language studies published between January 1987 and January 2017.ResultsTwenty‐one studies were included. Selection tools fell into five broad categories: tests of personal qualities; cognitive ability; academic attainment; psychomotor skills and combined ability tests. Most were retrospective, single‐site studies limited to early years of dental school. Weak correlations were reported, but in most cases, these were between small sections of the selection tool and/or the outcome measure.DiscussionThere was a notable dearth of published research examining dental schools selection processes across Europe over the last 30 years. Current literature was limited by weak study design and lack of long‐term follow‐up.ConclusionThere is insufficient high‐quality evidence from which to draw any conclusions as to the best selection methods to use in dental school selection. Without this, designing selection frameworks for dentistry which are appropriately weighted, reliable and valid remains a challenge.
Identification of inflammatory response patterns in experimental gingivitis studies
Authors: Nascimento Gustavo G. , Danielsen Bo , Baelum Vibeke , Lopez Rodrigo 
Published: November 2018

We used novel analytical approaches to identify inflammatory response patterns to plaque accumulation in experimental gingivitis studies in humans. Data from two experimental gingivitis studies [Dataset I (n = 40) and Dataset II (n = 42)], which differed in design and recording methods, were used. Both studies comprised a three‐phase program as follows: pre‐induction period (oral hygiene as usual for Dataset I; professional tooth cleaning for Dataset II); induction period (plaque accumulation); and resolution period (oral hygiene as usual). Clinical recordings of plaque and gingival inflammation were made on days 0, 4, 9, and 14 for Dataset I and on days −14, 0, 7, 21, and 35 for Dataset II. Group‐based‐trajectory and growth curve modeling were used for data analysis. In Dataset I, gingival response to plaque accumulation was found to be lagged in time. Different group‐based response patterns for gingival inflammation were not identified. However, in Dataset II, ‘fast’ and ‘slow’ gingival inflammation responders were identified. ‘Slow’ responders had lagged inflammation responses, whereas ‘fast’ responders seemed to respond immediately to plaque. The findings show that analytical approaches which consider the data structure allow investigation of the dynamics of the relationship between plaque accumulation and gingival inflammation and facilitate the identification of differential patterns of gingival inflammation development.
Using host‐associated differentiation to track source population and dispersal distance among insect vectors of plant pathogens
Authors: Angelella Gina Marie , Michel Andy P. , Kaplan Ian 
Published: November 2018

AbstractSmall, mobile insects are notoriously challenging to track across landscapes and manage in agricultural fields. However, genetic differentiation among insect populations and host plants acquired through host‐associated differentiation could be exploited to infer movement within crop systems and damage potential. Although many insects exhibit host‐associated differentiation, management strategies for insect vectors of plant pathogens assume a homogenous population. Nevertheless, phenotypic changes derived from host‐associated differentiation could manifest in altered behavior or physiology affecting the likelihood of vector–pathogen–plant interactions, or the subsequent efficiency of pathogen transmission. We used SNPs to assess genotypic structure and host‐associated differentiation in the cowpea aphid, Aphis craccivora Koch (Hemiptera: Aphididae). To do so, we sampled A. craccivora across the Midwestern United States. from two host plants, alfalfa (Medicago sativa) and black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia)—putative source populations for winged migrants. Simultaneously, we sampled winged A. craccivora landing in pumpkin fields where they transmit viruses. Structure analyses supported host‐associated differentiation by identifying two major genotypic groups: an alfalfa group containing a single multilocus genotype and a locust group containing all others. Winged locust‐group aphids landed at a much greater magnitude within focal fields during year 2 than year 1, while those in the alfalfa group remained fairly consistent. Spatial autocorrelation analyses indicated locust‐group aphid movement was characterized by small‐scale dispersal during year 2, likely originating from populations within 10 km. We also detected strong temporal differences in colonization from the two host plants. Early in the summer, most winged aphids (79.4%) derived from the locust group, whereas late in the summer more (58.3%) were from the alfalfa group. Because early crop growth stages are more susceptible to damage from aphid‐vectored viruses, these data implicate locust as the more important source and illustrate how host‐associated differentiation can be used to track dispersal and inform management of heterogeneous pest populations.