Individualized HbA1c Targets in People with Type 2 Diabetes Initiating Second-Line Therapy—The Global DISCOVER Study
Authors: KHUNTI KAMLESH , CHEN HUNGTA , CID-RUZAFA JAVIER , FENICI PETER , GOMES MARILIA B. , HAMMAR NIKLAS , KENNEDY KEVIN , KOSIBOROD MIKHAIL , POCOCK STUART , SHESTAKOVA MARINA V. , SHIMOMURA IICHIRO , SURMONT FILIP , JI LINONG 
Published: June 2018

Background: International guidelines recommend setting individualized HbA1c targets for people with type-2 diabetes (T2D). DISCOVER (NCT02322762) is an observational study of patients with T2D initiating second-line glucose-lowering therapy in 37 countries. We report the proportion of patients set individualized targets, the proportion meeting these targets after 1 year, and factors associated with meeting these targets.
Methods: Patients included had HbA1c data at baseline and at 1 year. Factors associated with meeting targets were assessed using multivariable logistic regression.
Results: Of the 7225 patients with complete HbA1c data who remained in the study after 1 year, 5070 (70.2%) had been set an individualized glycaemic control target. Targets were 7.0% for 2513 patients (49.6%), &lt; 7.0% for 2073 patients, (40.9%) and &gt; 7.0% for 484 patients (9.6%). Overall, 1744 of these patients (34.4%) met their target after 12 months of follow-up (range across regions: 21.4-42.7%). Factors associated with meeting HbA1c targets are shown in the Figure.
Conclusions: Twelve months after initiating second-line therapy, almost one third of patients with set individualized HbA1c targets had met their targets, with considerable variation between regions. Older age, higher education level, lower baseline HbA1c level and higher target were factors associated with meeting targets.

Disclosure
K. Khunti: Advisory Panel; Self; AstraZeneca, Eli Lilly and Company, Sanofi-Aventis, Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp., Novo Nordisk A/S. Consultant; Self; AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim GmbH, Eli Lilly and Company, Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp., Novartis AG, Novo Nordisk A/S, Sanofi-Aventis, Takeda Development Centre Europe Ltd., Servier. Research Support; Self; AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim GmbH, Eli Lilly and Company, Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp., Novartis AG, Sanofi-Aventis, Pfizer Inc.. Speaker's Bureau; Self; AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim GmbH, Eli Lilly and Company, Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp., Novartis AG, Novo Nordisk A/S, Sanofi-Aventis, Takeda Development Centre Europe Ltd., Servier. Research Support; Self; Novo Nordisk A/S. Consultant; Self; Pfizer Inc.. Research Support; Self; Novo Nordisk A/S. H. Chen: Employee; Self; AstraZeneca. J. Cid-Ruzafa: Employee; Self; Evidera. P. Fenici: Employee; Self; AstraZeneca. M.B. Gomes: Advisory Panel; Self; AstraZeneca. Consultant; Self; Merck KGaA. N. Hammar: Employee; Self; AstraZeneca. Stock/Shareholder; Self; AstraZeneca. K. Kennedy: Research Support; Self; AstraZeneca. Employee; Self; Mid America Heart Institute. M. Kosiborod: Advisory Panel; Self; AstraZeneca. Consultant; Self; AstraZeneca, Amgen Inc., Sanofi, Boehringer Ingelheim GmbH, GlaxoSmithKline plc., Glytec Systems, Merck & Co., Inc., Novo Nordisk A/S, Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Inc., ZS Pharma, Inc., Intarcia Therapeutics, Inc., Novartis AG. Research Support; Self; AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim GmbH. S. Pocock: Consultant; Self; AstraZeneca. M.V. Shestakova: None. I. Shimomura: Research Support; Self; Appliance Company, Panasonic Corporation. Speaker's Bureau; Self; Astellas Pharma Inc., AstraZeneca, Covidien Japan Inc.. Research Support; Self; Daiichi Sankyo Company, Limited. Speaker's Bureau; Self; Daiichi Sankyo Company, Limited. Research Support; Self; Eli Lilly Japan K.K., Eli Lilly Japan K.K., Kaken Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.. Speaker's Bureau; Self; Kowa Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Mochida Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., MSD K.K., Nippon Boehringer Ingelheim Co. Ltd., Novartis Pharma K.K.. Research Support; Self; Novo Nordisk Pharma Ltd.. Speaker's Bureau; Self; Novo Nordisk Pharma Ltd., Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.. Research Support; Self; Roche DC Japan K.K., Rohto Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. Speaker's Bureau; Self; Rohto Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Sanwa Kagaku Kenkyusho Co., Ltd.. Research Support; Self; Sanofi K.K.. Speaker's Bureau; Self; Sanofi K.K.. Research Support; Self; Shionogi & Co., Ltd.. Speaker's Bureau; Self; Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma Co., Ltd.. Research Support; Self; Taisho Toyama Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.. Speaker's Bureau; Self; Taisho Toyama Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.. Research Support; Self; Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited. Speaker's Bureau; Self; Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited. Research Support; Self; Teijin Pharma Limited. Speaker's Bureau; Self; Teijin Pharma Limited. F. Surmont: Employee; Self; AstraZeneca. L. Ji: Advisory Panel; Self; AstraZeneca. Consultant; Self; AstraZeneca, Eli Lilly and Company, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Novartis AG, Novo Nordisk A/S, Merck & Co., Inc., Bayer AG, Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp., Takeda Development Center Asia, Pte. Ltd., Sanofi, Roche Pharma, Boehringer Ingelheim GmbH. Research Support; Self; AstraZeneca, Roche Pharma, Sanofi, Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp., Novartis AG, Eli Lilly and Company, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company.