bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between single nucleotide polymorphisms within HLA region and disease relapse for patients with hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Chen Ding-Ping , Chang Su-Wei , Wang Po-Nan , Hus Fang-Ping , Tseng Ching-Ping 
Published: September 2019

AbstractDisease relapse occurs in patients with leukemia even hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) was performed with human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-matched donors. As revealed previously by Petersdorfet al., there are nine single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) located in the HLA region that potentially modulate the efficacy of HSCT. In this study, we investigated whether or not the genomic variants 500 base pairs flanking the nine transplantation-related SNPs were related to the risk of post-HSCT relapse for patients with leukemia (n = 141). The genomic DNAs collected from 85 patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), 56 patients with acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL), and their respective HLA-matched donors were subject to SNPs analysis, conferred by the mode of mismatch between donor-recipient pair or by recipient or donor genotype analysis. Seven SNPs were revealed to associate with the risk of relapse post-HSCT. For patients with AML, the increased risk of post-HSCT relapse was associated with the donor SNP of rs111394117 in the intron of NOTCH4 gene, and the recipient SNPs of rs213210 in the ring finger protein 1 (RING1) gene promoter, and rs17220087 and rs17213693 in the intron of HLA-DOB gene. For patients with ALL, the increased risk of post-HSCT relapse was associated with the donor SNP of rs213210 in the RING1 gene promoter, and the recipient SNPs of rs79327197 in the HLA-DOA gene promoter, rs2009658 in the telomeric end of lymphotoxin-alpha (LTA) gene, rs17220087 and rs17213693 in the intron of HLA-DOB gene, and rs2070120 in the 3′-UTR of HLA-DOB gene. This study sheds new insight into selecting better candidate donors for performing HSCT in patients with AML and ALL.
Actin dynamics in cell migration
Authors: Schaks Matthias , Giannone Grégory , Rottner Klemens 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Cell migration is an essential process, both in unicellular organisms such as amoeba and as individual or collective motility in highly developed multicellular organisms like mammals. It is controlled by a variety of activities combining protrusive and contractile forces, normally generated by actin filaments. Here, we summarize actin filament assembly and turnover processes, and how respective biochemical activities translate into different protrusion types engaged in migration. These actin-based plasma membrane protrusions include actin-related protein 2/3 complex-dependent structures such as lamellipodia and membrane ruffles, filopodia as well as plasma membrane blebs. We also address observed antagonisms between these protrusion types, and propose a model – also inspired by previous literature – in which a complex balance between specific Rho GTPase signaling pathways dictates the protrusion mechanism employed by cells. Furthermore, we revisit published work regarding the fascinating antagonism between Rac and Rho GTPases, and how this intricate signaling network can define cell behavior and modes of migration. Finally, we discuss how the assembly of actin filament networks can feed back onto their regulators, as exemplified for the lamellipodial factor WAVE regulatory complex, tightly controlling accumulation of this complex at specific subcellular locations as well as its turnover.
Enhancer DNA methylation: implications for gene regulation
Authors: Angeloni Allegra , Bogdanovic Ozren 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
DNA methylation involves the addition of a methyl group to the fifth carbon of the pyrimidine cytosine ring (5-methylcytosine, 5mC). 5mC is widespread in vertebrate genomes where it is predominantly found within CpG dinucleotides. In mammals, 5mC participates in long-term silencing processes such as X-chromosome inactivation, genomic imprinting, somatic silencing of germline genes, and silencing of repetitive DNA elements. The evidence for 5mC as a dynamic gene-regulatory mechanism is mostly limited to specific examples, and is far from being completely understood. Recent work from diverse model systems suggests that 5mC might not always act as a dominant repressive mechanism and that hypermethylated promoters and enhancers can be permissive to transcription in vivo and in vitro. In this review, we discuss the links between 5mC and enhancer activity, and evaluate the role of this biochemical mechanism in various biological contexts.
Enchancement of Toremifene Anti-Tumor Action by Metformin and Unusual Side Effect of Toremifene in Male Transgenic Mice with HER2-Positive Breast Tumor
Authors: Stukov Alexander N. , Osipov Mikhail A. , Semiglazova Tatjana Y. , Filatova Larisa V. , Alexandrov Valerij A. , Bespalov Vladimir G. , Semenov Alexander L. , Tyndyk Margarita L. , Yurova Maria N. , Panchenko Andrey V. , Baranenko Denis A. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractHER2-positive breast tumors are found in 25–30% of patients with breast cancer and are characterized by aggressive course and reduced sensitivity to both chemotherapy and hormone therapy. The aim of the work was to study the possibilities of enhancing the therapeutic effect of anti-estrogen drug toremifene by combining it with biguanide, metformin, on the HER2-positive breast cancer model in FVB/N HER-2/neu transgenic mouse. Male FBV/N mice with intramuscularly transplanted HER2-positive mammary gland tumor from a female mouse of the same strain have been given toremifene (30 mg/kg, orally daily) or metformin (100 mg/kg, orally daily) that had a moderate antitumor effect (decrease the area under the kinetic curve of tumor growth by 1.6 and 1.5 times, respectively, when compared with intact control). Co-administration of these drugs in the same doses had a more pronounced effect (the area under the kinetic curve of tumor growth decreased by 3.1 times compared to intact control; p<0.05). After 10 days, in group receiving toremifene all 10 mice developed inguinal-scrotal hernias, and in group that received toremifene plus metformin - only 5 of 10 (p=0.0325). By the 15th day after the start of treatment, the hernias was also determined in all mice treated with the combination of toremifene and metformin, but the size of the hernial sac was significantly smaller than in those receiving only toremifene - 537 ± 96 mm3 and 1309 ± 120 mm3, respectively (p=0.0001). A possible explanation is the manifestation of collagen-degrading effect of toremifene.
Ethik als offener Raum
Authors: Bögershausen Stephan , Post-Dömer Elisabeth , Wittenhaus Jörg , Kliesch Stefan 
Published: September 2019

ZusammenfassungNach welchen Kriterien kann ich im Umgang mit psychisch erkrankten Menschen
entscheiden, was richtig ist? Was bedeuten Ethik und Autonomie im
psychiatrischen Kontext? Und was ist eine Werteküche? Antworten geben unsere
Autoren von der LWL-Klinik Lengerich. Außerdem schildern sie, wie sie das
Lengericher Modell als Ethik-Beratung an ihrer Klinik etabliert haben.
Durch Selbstwirksamkeit ein straffreies Leben
führen
Authors: Kolbe Harald Joachim , Michgehl Dirk , Besser Ralf 
Published: September 2019

ZusammenfassungWie Selbstwirksamkeit im Maßregelvollzug erlebt beziehungsweise erlernt werden
kann, stellen wir Ihnen anhand von 3 Beispielen vor, die auf der 4.
Bundeskonferenz der forensisch-psychiatrischen Pflege präsentiert wurden:
Genesungsbegleiter, Recovery-Reise durch Kunst und spielerische Tools zur
Selbstreflexion.
A Rare Case of a Combination of Tessier Cleft 0 and 3 in a 4-Year-Old Child—A Case Report
Authors: Nayak Bibhuti Bhusan , Lopamudra M. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractDescription and successful management of a patient with Tessier no. 0 and 3 facial cleft is being presented. Appropriate evaluation was done to rule out the presence of median cleft face syndrome. Lip cleft was repaired by straight line technique with staggering at the vermilion border. Nasal cleft was reconstructed by a transposition flap and the flap taken from the upper lip after correction of the midline cleft. Satisfactory outcome was achieved for this singular deformity by conforming to the basic tenets of plastic surgery.
CRIF1 as a potential target to improve the radiosensitivity of osteosarcoma
Authors: Ran Qian , Jin Feng , Xiang Yang , Xiang Lixin , Wang Qiushi , Li Fengjie , Chen Li , Zhang Yuan , Wu Chun , Zhou Luping , Xiao Yanni , Chen Lili , Wu Jiang , Zhong Jiang F. , Li Shengwen Calvin , Li Zhongjun 
Published: September 2019

Significance
The mechanism of radioresistance in osteosarcoma is unknown. We analyze osteosarcoma patient tissues, combine in vitro and in vivo mouse osteosarcoma models, and determine that CR6-interacting factor-1 (CRIF1) drives radioresistance by regulating the activity of cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2). After ionizing radiation, CRIF1 promotes CDK2 nuclear translocation and phosphorylation on T14/T160, facilitating G1/S checkpoint activation and DNA damage repair. CRIF1 knockdown enhances the radiosensitivity of osteosarcoma in both in vitro and xenograft models. Our study sheds light on the role of tumor-specific biomarkers in identifying a therapeutic window to overcome radioresistance of osteosarcoma, pointing out a way to precision medicine for a particular patient.
What is Germanic and what is not about Old French V2
Authors: Klævik-Pettersen Espen 
Published: September 2019

AbstractOld French is considered by many to have been a verb-second (V2) language. Furthermore, 13th century Old French featured a V2 system with strong restrictions on the prefield, meaning only a single constituent was generally accepted to the left of the finite verb. This bears a strong resemblance to the pattern found in the Modern Germanic V2 languages and has occasionally given rise to suggestions that V2 was a Germanic property inherited from the language of the Franks. In this paper, a concrete hypothesis is developed for the diachronic evolution of Old French V2 from Late Latin. It is argued that the hypothesis of Germanic influence is not necessarily incorrect, but too simplistic, as the two synchronic components of the Old French V2 construction -namely V-to-C movement and restrictions on the prefield – most likely have their own and independent diachronies as well. Comparative and historical evidence is presented to show that V-to-C movement is very unlikely to have been a product of Germanic influence and should rather be considered an internal development from Latin. As for the restricted prefield (so-called ‘linear V2’), the scarcity or even absence of evidence does not allow firm conclusions, but some general theoretical insights from the literature on language change and second language acquisition combine to make the idea of Germanic influence quite plausible.
Heavy radioactive and trans-lanthanide elements in the geothermal microecology of the Los Azufres volcanic complex
Authors: Abuhani Waleed A , Dasgupta-Schubert Nabanita , Manuel Villaseñor Cendejas Luis , Alexander Steven A. , Landsberger Sheldon 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The distribution of the heavy metals 80Hg, 82Pb, 90Th and 92U in the biogeochemical microcosm of three geo and hydro thermal sites of the Los Azufres volcanic complex have been determined by the nuclear analytical techniques of Polarised Energy Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence spectrometry and Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis. We have shown that the sites chosen can be considered to be ‘real-time’ natural laboratories to simulate the Ordovician-Devonian periods. We observe that (1) the primitive, extremophilic plants of the fumaroles – the mosses and ferns – are efficient agents of pedogenesis; (2) that their rhizospheric soil retains more heavy metal than the hydrothermal sediments. The former implies that large-scale photosynthesis and the consequent burial of soil organic carbon could have substantially contributed to the late-Ordovician climate cooling by CO2 draw-down, and the latter, that dissolved heavy metals in the hydrothermal seas could have been one of the reasons for the marine extinction of that period. This ‘holistic’ approach at simulating the Paleozoic environment differs from extant purely laboratory-based studies. However, it corroborates the findings of some earlier works.
Electromagnetic couplings of pentaquarks
Authors: Ortiz-Pacheco E. , Bijker R. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
In this contribution, we discuss the electromagnetic couplings of pentaquark states with hidden charm. This work is motivated by recent experiments at CERN by the LHCb Collaboraton and current experiments at JLab to confirm the existence of hidden-charm pentaquarks in photoproduction experiments.
Neutron-induced reactions investigated via the Trojan Horse Method
Authors: Spartá R , Spitaleri C , Lamia L , Guardo G L , Cherubini S , Gulino M , La Cognata M , Pizzone R G , Rapisarda G G , Romano S , Sergi M L , Tumino A 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The Trojan Horse Method has been applied to many neutron-induced reactions using the deuteron as a virtual source of neutrons, to explore wide energy regions of interest for astrophysics and applied physics and to investigate the suppression of the centrifugal barrier, that is one of the key advantages of this Method. The neutron-induced experimental campaign has already concerned 17O(n, α)14C, 6Li(n,α)3H, 7Be(n,p)7Li, 7Be(n,α)4He, 18F(n,α)15O and 14N(n,p)14C, and very recently 25Mg(n,α)22Ne and 27Al(n,p)27Mg, while others are planned to be measured soon, thus influencing different astrophysical scenarios. Particular attention is dedicated to a new measurement regarding the 10B(n,α)7Li reaction, aimed to disentangle the 7Li ground state contribution from its first excited state to the cross section.
Beauty is a Fact under Siege: John Ruskin as Critic in a State of Ecological Emergency
Authors: Phillips James 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Some of Ruskin’s aesthetic positions become more comprehensible, if not defensible, when viewed in terms of a response to Victorian Britain’s environmental degradation. By his insistence on truth in controversies concerning the beautiful, Ruskin sets himself at variance with the aesthetic tradition that treats the beautiful as a topic of open-ended debate in which different opinions are weighed up and the authority of experts is never final. What Ruskin puts forward in support of his factual account of beauty is the urgency of protecting beauty against the depredations of industrial capitalism. Since the public sphere of aesthetic debate, as he perceives it, is in the nineteenth century too fragmented and, more generally, too jealous of the aesthetic’s distinctness from other areas of human existence to take up arms to save the beautiful, aesthetics has to be overhauled if it is to play its part in meeting modernity’s ecological challenges. Ruskin presses for factual witnessing as the appropriate mode of aesthetically appreciating natural beauty. Yet it can be asked whether what has become of witnessing today – the eternalizing images uploaded to the biologically safe space of the internet – does not in its own manner contribute to the problem by denying the destructibility of the environment. Ruskin’s objection to the relationship between traditional aesthetics and ecology remains in force even as the question of an appreciation of natural beauty fit for the times has yet to be answered.
Do we really know who has an MGMT methylated glioma? Results of an international survey regarding use of MGMT analyses for glioma
Authors: Malmström Annika , Łysiak Małgorzata , Kristensen Bjarne Winther , Hovey Elizabeth , Henriksson Roger , Söderkvist Peter 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackgroundGlioma O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) promoter methylation status informs clinical decision making. Worldwide different methods and cutoff levels are used, which can lead to discordant methylation results.MethodsWe conducted an international survey to clarify which methods are regularly used and why. We also explored opinions regarding international consensus on methods and cutoff.ResultsThe survey had 152 respondents from 25 countries. MGMT methylation status is determined for all glioblastomas in 37% of laboratories. The most common methods are methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (msPCR) (37%) and pyrosequencing (34%). A method is selected for simplicity (56%), cost-effectiveness (50%), and reproducibility of results (52%). For sequencing, the number of CpG sites analyzed varies from 1–3 up to more than 16. For 50% of laboratories, the company producing the kit determines which CpG sites are examined, whereas 33% select the sites themselves. Selection of cutoff is equally distributed among a cutoff defined in the literature, by the local laboratory, or by the outside laboratory performing the analysis. This cutoff varies, reported from 1% to 30%, and in 1 laboratory tumor is determined as methylated in case of 1 methylated CpG site of 17 analyzed. Some report tumors as unmethylated or weakly vs highly methylated. An international consensus on MGMT methylation method and cutoff is warranted by 66% and 76% of respondents, respectively. The method preferred would be msPCR (45%) or pyrosequencing (42%), whereas 18% suggest next-generation sequencing.ConclusionAlthough analysis of MGMT methylation status is routine, there is controversy regarding laboratory methods and cutoff level. Most respondents favor development of international consensus guidelines.
Preparedness to practice paediatric hospital medicine
Authors: Vetere Peter , Cooke Suzette 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Background
The field of paediatric hospital medicine (PHM) is evolving to meet the needs of an increasingly complex paediatric population, lead quality improvement initiatives, and conduct field-specific teaching and research. Over 50 subspecialty PHM fellowship programs exist in the USA and Canada and more are under active development to ensure trainees are prepared to perform competencies specific to the field following transition to independent practice.

Objective
The objective of this study was to assess the perceived preparedness of recently graduated general paediatric residents and recently certified staff paediatricians in Canada with respect to the practice of PHM.

Methods
A survey based on the ‘Objectives of Training in Pediatrics’ of the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada (RCPSC) was distributed to graduating paediatric residents and recently graduated staff paediatricians (2013 to 2017) practicing in the hospital setting. Qualitative comments were also obtained.

Results
Fifty-five surveys were completed (50%). Respondents perceived that, at the on-set of starting practice, they would require assistance or consultation with the majority of representative PHM task competencies. Differences in perception between the two groups were minimal. Our study identified sub-sets of perceived areas of particular strengths (Professional) and deficiencies (Medical Expert, Manager, and Scholar).

Conclusions
Results may help inform future curricula for general paediatric residency programs and provide insight into competencies that may be better targeted for PHM fellowship training programs. This study may also stimulate discussion regarding entrustable professional activities for paediatric curricula as the medical community shifts to a new paradigm of outcome-based assessment.
Lengthening of the Humerus Using a Motorized Lengthening Nail: A Retrospective Comparative Series
Authors: Morrison Stewart G. , Georgiadis Andrew G. , Dahl Mark T. 
Published: September 2019

Background:
Lengthening of the humerus has traditionally been accomplished by the use of external fixation. Intramedullary motorized lengthening nails are now frequently used for lower limb lengthening, and this technology is slowly being adopted for use in the humerus.

Methods:
A retrospective, single-surgeon experience of pediatric humeral lengthenings was performed. The time period surveyed included use of external fixation (EF) for lengthening, and the use of a motorized nail (MN) for lengthening. The primary outcome measures were lengthening magnitude achieved, duration of lengthening, frequency and type of complications encountered, or further procedures required, during each lengthening.

Results:
From 1999 to 2018, 13 humeral lengthenings were performed in 9 patients. Six lengthenings were performed using the MN technique and 7 using the EF technique. The average absolute lengthening achieved was 8.5±1.3 cm in the EF group and 6.6±2.3 cm in the MN group. The duration of lengthening averaged 114 days in the MN group and 103 days in the EF group. The average duration of EF time was 215 days. Two patients underwent an initial EF lengthening of a humerus and then underwent a second lengthening using the MN technique. Two of 6 (33%) MN lengthenings and 3 of 7 (43%) EF lengthenings experienced complications during treatment. Two patients in the MN group underwent planned reversal and redeployment of their motorized nails to attain the planned lengthening magnitude.

Conclusions:
Humeral lengthening using motorized intramedullary nails is a safe technique that mitigates some of the complications of EF including pin site infection. It is well tolerated by patients. For lengthenings of a large magnitude, reversal and reuse of MN can be considered.
Pectoralis Muscle Transposition in Association with the Ravitch Procedure in the Management of Severe Pectus Excavatum
Authors: Baccarani Alessio , Aramini Beatrice , Casa Giovanni Della , Banchelli Federico , D’Amico Roberto , Ruggiero Ciro , Starnoni Marta , Pedone Antonio , Stefani Alessandro , Morandi Uliano , De Santis Giorgio 
Published: September 2019

Background:
Pectus excavatum (PE) is the most common congenital chest wall deformity. PE is sometimes associated with cardiorespiratory impairment, but is often associated with psychological distress, especially for patients in their teenage years. Surgical repair of pectus deformities has been shown to improve both physical limitations and psychosocial well-being in children. The most common surgical approaches for PE treatment are the modified Ravitch technique and the minimally invasive Nuss technique. A technical modification of the Ravitch procedure, which includes bilateral mobilization and midline transposition of the pectoralis muscle flap, is presented here.

Methods:
From 2010 to 2016, 12 patients were treated by a modified Ravitch procedure with bilateral mobilization and midline transposition of the pectoralis muscle flap for severe PE. Outcomes, morphological results, and complications were analyzed with respect to this new combined surgical approach.

Results:
There was a statistically significant difference between pre- and postoperative values (P = 0.0025) of the Haller index at the 18-month follow-up, showing a significant morphological improvement for all treated patients. After surgery, no morbidity and mortality were noted. The mean hospital stay was 7 days, and all patients were discharged without major complications.

Conclusion:
This technique significantly improved patients’ postoperative morphological outcomes and significantly reduced long-term complications, such as wound dehiscence, skin thinning, and hardware exposure.