bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
I non eroi di Carlo Cassola
Authors: Armellin Secchi Giovanna 
Published: July 2018

Carlo Cassola nació en Roma en 1907 y vivió en Toscana. Esta región se convirtió en el espacio donde se desarrollan sus novelas. Además, en sus trabajos se narra sobre personas comunes y sus problemas cotidianos, en un marco de problemas sociopolíticos. Carlo Cassola was born in Rome in 1907, and lived in Toscana. This region inspired him and not only he lived there, but also Toscana became the stage of his novels. Ordinary people and their daily problems are the aim, although sociopolitical problems are usually the frame of his literary works.
El lenca de Chilanga
Authors: Del Río Urrutia Ximena 
Published: July 2018

Este artículo ofrece un análisis fonológico y fonemático de los materiales descriptivos del lenca salvadoreño, encontrados en los trabajos de Lehmann (1920) y Campbell (1976). This article offers a phonological and phonematic analysis of the Salvadorian Lenca descriptive materials found in the works of Lehmann (1920) and Campbell (1976).
Hispanismos en el Diccionario de inglés criollo de Costa Rica
Authors: Portilla Chaves Mario 
Published: July 2018

El presente articulo presenta una discusión acerca de la posible inclusión de hispanismos en un diccionario dialectal plurilingüe de inglés criollo de Costa Rica -inglés estándar- español, el cual se encuentra en elaboración. Se consideran, como parte de la respuesta a este problema, los siguientes aspectos téorico-metodológicos: 1. La distinción clara entre las nociones de préstamo léxico, mezcla de códigos y cambio de códigos. 2. La pertinencia de la función estandarizadora que atañería al diccionario en cuestión, según la definición tipológico-lexicográfica que se le ha asignado. 3. La pertinencia funcional de los hispanismos para los destinatarios del diccionario.
Jano: El dios de los inicios y el dios de las puertas
Authors: Chinchilla Sánchez Kattia 
Published: July 2018

Jano era un dios autóctono de Roma. Entre sus atributos se encontraban la puerta (y el acceso), la llave y el inicio. Estos atributos se relacionan en el doble rostro de Jano que evidencia la doble naturaleza de cada uno: de la puerta (adentro/afuera), de la llave (abierto/cerrado) y del comienzo (inicio/final). Con su doble cara, Jano podia ver el futuro y el pasado. La guera y la paz, de naturalezas opueslas, se relacionan con Jano: su templo permanecia abierto en tiempo de guerra y cerrado en tiernpo de paz.
Sistema de casos y análisis del discurso
Authors: Molero de Cabeza Lourdes 
Published: July 2018

En este trabajo se presentan los resultados de una investigación en la cual se analiza el nivel actancial de un corpus constituido por relatos orales, discurso publicitario y titulares de las páginas de sucesos de periódicos venezolanos. El análisis se lleva a cabo aplicando el marco teórico y metodológico del sistema de casos de la semántica de B. Pottier (1992, 1993),de acuerdo con las siguientes categorías: a) relaciones intercasuales b) eje de la actancia dividida en i) zona del núcleo, ii) zona del antes y iii) zona del después; c) eje de la dependencia. Los resultados indican diferencias en cuanto a la zona actancial focalizada por cada tipo de discurso. Se demuestra también que el sistema de casos de la semántica es adecuado para el estudio de las relaciones actanciales en los diferentes niveles de complejidad discursiva, desde un titular hasta un texto completo.
La fauna simbólica en los cuentos de Juan Rulfo
Authors: Jara Murillo Carla Victoria 
Published: July 2018

El objetivo principal de este artículo es el análisis de la simbología animal en los cuentos de El llano en llamas, de Juan Rulfo. Se hace un recorrido por los dieciséis relatos que componen el volumen para determinar el funcionamiento de una serie de imágenes, metáforas y símbolos de referentes animales que establecen una isotopía.
<i>Mano a mano</i>: Hermes y el Spoudogéloion. Vigencia e importancia de los géneros clásicos en la teoría bajtiniana de la novela
Authors: Matarrita Matarrita Estébana 
Published: July 2018

Este artículo es un análisis de los elementos cómico-genéricos que muestra una novela costarricense y que pertenecen a la tradición clásica con la que Bajtín asocia el origen genuino de la novela contemporánea.
Reconstrucción del sistema fonológico del protocriollo inglés del Atlántico: Las vocales
Authors: Portilla Chaves Mario 
Published: July 2018

El presente estudio ofrece una reconstrucción del sistema vocálico de la variedad prototipica que dio origen a los diferentes criollos de base inglesa que existen actualmente en el área Atlántica. Este sistema consta de seis vocales largas, seis vocales cortas y tres diptongos. El sistema vocálico reconstruido es bastante semejante al del inglés moderno temprano.
El baile y la música populares como espacio de formación en Virgilio Mora: Algunos ejemplos de <i>La distancia del último adiós</i>
Authors: Chen Sham Jorge 
Published: July 2018

Se estudian dos relatos de La distancia del último adiós (1995), “Figueredo” y “Excelente para el cutis”, en los que el costarricense Virgilio Mora desarrolla magistralmente la significación que poseen el baile y la música populares en la conformación de la identidad del sujeto. Se trata de valorar estas prácticas de socialización en tanto ritos de pasaje o de iniciación de sus protagonistas en los que la primacía de la vivencia los hace fundamentales en la constitución y en el desarrollo de los individuos.
Las estrategias del poder traumatizante de un dictador en <i>La fiesta del chivo</i>, de Mario Vargas Llosa
Authors: Manickam Samuel 
Published: July 2018

En este artículo se analizarán las estrategias del control totalitario del dictador dominicano Trujillo, retratado en La fiesta del Chivo: él se proyecta como el Padre de la Patria imprescindible mientras que, al mismo tiempo, se empeña en debilitar las estructuras familiares a través de sus violaciones sexuales a mujeres dominicanas. Urania Cabral encarna bien el trauma sexual sufrido por estas víctimas del dictador, y el concepto de “radical injustice” de Brett Levinson ayudará a iluminar el proceso difícil de recuperar de tal trauma en una sociedad posdictatorial.
Menéndez Pelayo y la heterodoxia: El caso de Graciliano Afonso
Authors: Becerra Bolaños Antonio 
Published: July 2018

El eminente polígrafo español Marcelino Menéndez Pelayo (1856-1912) mostró gran interés por la obra del doctoral de la catedral de Canarias Graciliano Afonso (1775-1861), fundamentalmente en su vertiente de traductor como lo demuestra la correspondencia que aparece recogida en su Epistolario y que fue publicada entre 1985 y 1991. Un rastreo por las páginas de su voluminoso epistolario nos da una idea de cómo el investigador logró hacer acopio de una documentación tan vasta no sólo de la obra del doctoral, sino de otros autores canarios.
La exaltación de lo romántico americano en la poesía colombiana : Origen y desarrollo según Eduardo Ospina
Authors: Chen Sham Jorge 
Published: July 2018

La publicación en 1952 del libro El Romanticismo, estudio de sus caracteres esenciales en la poesía lírica europea y colombiana consagra al jesuita Eduardo Ospina (1891-1965) en la cima de su carrera intelectual y humanística. Su análisis del origen y evolución de la poesía colombiana supone deslindar sus rasgos estilísticos más conspicuos, para lo cual Ospina hace un balance de la intuición creadora y las ansias de trascendencia espiritual, que el Romanticismo hereda a la tradición occidental, amén de que exalta lo nacional en tanto espíritu formador de la individualidad suprasensible del poeta.
<i>Pedro Páramo</i>: Un análisis de la negatividad
Authors: Dalton Cristina 
Published: July 2018

Se analizará Pedro Páramo, señalando así los cambios sintomáticos de la transformación que aparentemente se opera en el mundo artístico de Juan Rulfo. En el caso de una novela de este tipo, cuyo aspecto confuso no permite una lectura lógica inmediata y cuyo sentido sólo puede estar implícito, la búsqueda de una estructura general y oculta tal vez sea el camino más apropiado para su comprensión.
The affective and behavioral responses to repeated “strength snacks”
Authors: Buckner SL , Dankel SJ , Mattocks KT , Jessee MB , Mouser JG , Loenneke JP 
Published: July 2018

Background
A training program consisting of only one-repetition maximum (1RM) training results in similar strength adaptations as traditional resistance exercise. However, little is known regarding the affective or behavioral responses to this type of training.

Aim
To examine the affective and behavioral response to either a traditional resistance exercise program or a biweekly 1RM-training program.

Methods
Participants were trained for 8 weeks (2× per week). The HYPER group completed four sets of 8–12 repetitions; the 1RM group (TEST) worked up to a single maximal repetition.

Results
The TEST group felt more revitalized and had an increase in positive engagement during their first visit, whereas the HYPER group showed an increase in feelings of physical exhaustion during their first and last visits. There were no pre to post differences for the change in behavior or self-efficacy between groups.

Conclusion
1RM training appears to elicit a more favorable affective response, compared with HYPER training, which may ultimately improve adherence to resistance-type exercise.
Effect of one bout of local vibration exercise with blood flow restriction on neuromuscular and hormonal responses
Authors: Chen W-C , Wu C-M , Cai Z-Y 
Published: July 2018

This study aimed to investigate the effects of single local vibration (LV) with and without blood flow restriction (BFR) on muscle activity and hormonal responses. A total of 12 physically inactive males were exposed to 10 sets of intermittent LV (35–40 Hz) on unilateral mid-quadriceps in the supine lying position and LV + BFR (inflated to 140 mmHg) sessions in a repeated-measures randomized crossover design, with a 1-week interval separating the sessions. The results indicated that the electromyography values from the rectus femoris during LV + BFR were greater than those during LV (p < 0.05). LV + BFR caused a minor increase in the lactate (LA) response (p < 0.05); LV with or without BFR failed to elicit change in growth hormone (GH) and testosterone (T) levels (p > 0.05). Cortisol (C) levels were decreased postexercise in both the sessions (p < 0.05). In conclusion, BFR elicited higher increase in muscle activity and metabolic response, but it did not induce hormonal responses. The exposure of LV and LV + BFR may only have a relief effect as detected by the reduction in C levels, probably because the LV did not elicit sufficient stimulus to the muscles.
Comparative evaluation of conventional with endoscopy assisted nasal septal correction surgery in a tertiary care teaching hospital Trichy
Authors: Anwar M. Mohamed , A. Jesudoss , P. Thirumalaikolundusubramanian 
Published: July 2018

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Nasal septal deviation is of both congenital and traumatic etiology, found among children and adults and many of whom require corrective surgery. Recently endoscopy assisted nasal septal correction surgery is being performed in many centers as a preferred one. Hence it was decided to find out the postoperative outcomes among those who underwent both the types of surgical procedures.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A total of 50<strong> </strong>patients with septal deviation underwent conventional surgery and another 50 operated with endoscopy assisted method were considered for this study. Both groups were followed up for postoperative outcomes and relief of symptoms after 48 hours, 8 weeks and 24 weeks for statistical analysis. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Head ache, watering of eyes and nasal obstruction were found significantly less in endoscopy assisted nasal septal correction during the first 48 hours and 8 weeks when compared with conventional surgery and it became negligible after 24 weeks of postoperative period.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Endoscopy assisted surgery is convenient in targeting the surgical site with less trauma and less requirement of time to perform the surgery. However, the initial cost would be higher for installation of endoscopy and maintenance.</p>
U.S. Debt: The Next Financial Crisis?
Authors: Stuart Paul 
Published: July 2018

As the U.S. economy has mainly recovered from the 2008 Financial Crisis, with unemployment below 5%, inflation below 2%, and the stock market near all-time highs, there is growing concern about the huge amount of U.S. government debt, which today stands at over $20 Trillion dollars and 106% of Debt/GDP. Could this be the next thing to derail the U.S. economy, and in so doing, negatively affecting nearly every other country in the world? This paper reviews the size and scope of the U.S. National Debt in it’s historical context. There are three reasons to be alarmed about this, especially now. First, the annual budget deficit, which had been shrinking in the later years of the Obama administration, is once again on the rise. Second, the Republican tax reduction bill is estimated to add another trillion dollars to the overall level of government debt in the next 10 years, even with higher GDP growth rates factored in. Third, the Trump administration, while slashing other areas of government spending (State Department, Environmental Protection Agency, and more) is once again seeking major increases in military spending. This scenario is strikingly similar to the early 1980’s, where deficits soared as a result. The paper also offers some solutions as to what can be done to bring it down to a more manageable level (or at least reduce it’s rate of growth). Like many things in economics, the “best” solution is to find ways to return to levels of historical GDP growth rates (3% and above).
Differences in efficiency of innovation performance among EU candidate countries and EU 28 countries
Authors: Stojanovska Dr. Sc. Slagjana , Madzova Dr. Sc. Violeta 
Published: July 2018

The aim of this paper is to identify if there are differences in the efficiency of innovation performance between the two groups of countries: EU candidate countries such as Macedonia, Serbia and Turkey and the average level of innovation performance in EU-28 countries from 2010 - 2017. The further paper’s analysis aims to identify the most crucial factors and indicator that contribute to the efficiency of innovation performance in both groups of countries.In that sense, the comparative analyses of the two observed groups of countries has been done, using the European Innovation Scoreboard (EIS) data as well as 12 EIS indicators for the period 2010 - 2017. For benchmarking of the countries three indicators are created: sub-index Input Innovation (II), sub-index Output Innovation (OI) and the Innovation Efficiency Performance Index (IEPI).The findings show that there is a difference in efficiency of innovation performance indicators between the observed two groups of countries, but as well as among each the EU candidate country. In fact, Macedonia (IEPI=2.33) has twice higher efficiency of transforming innovation inputs into innovation output unlike the EU28 countries (IEPI=1.17), Serbia (IEPI=1.06) and Turkey (IEPI=.24).It can be noted as well that Macedonia managed to use its limited resources to input (sub-index II= 0.13) in much more efficient/productive way (IEPI= 2.33) and to obtain most output innovation (sub-index OI= 0.29). This paper’s findings can be used for designing better innovation policy in the observed EU candidate countries.
SURGICAL MINI-FLANK APPROACH TO THE KIDNEY WITH LOCALIZED RENAL CELL CARCINOMA
Authors: Samartseva E. E. , Nosov A. K. , Petrov S. B. , Lushina P. A. , Reva S. A. 
Published: July 2018

The aim of the study was an attempt to improve the results of organ-preserving treatment of patients with localized renal cell carcinoma by developing and using abdominal intermuscular mini- flank approach to the kidney.Material and methods. We analyzed the data of 119 patients who underwent partial nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma at the N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology from 2004 to 2013 years from three types of surgical approach: through an open classical lumbotomy, laparoscopically and through the original abdominal intermuscular mini-flank approach. The following parameters were studied: the duration of the operation, the time of renal artery ischemia, the volume of blood loss, the number of patients requiring hemotransfusion, as well as the oncological and functional results of partial nephrectomy, the cosmetic effect and the frequency of the formation of chronic postoperative pain.Results. It is demonstrated that the proposed original intermuscular mini- flank approach as well as laparoscopic approach provides a good cosmetic effect, preserves the function of the anterior abdominal wall and reliably reduces the incidence of chronic postoperative pain compared to open classical lumbotomy.
Embracing data uncertainty in water decision-making: an application to evaluate water supply and sewerage in Spain
Authors: Ezbakhe Fatine , Pérez-Foguet Agustí 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Analyses of complex water management decision-making problems, involving tradeoffs amongst multiple criteria, are often undertaken using multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) techniques. Various forms of uncertainty may arise in the application of MCDA methods, including imprecision, inaccuracy or ill determination of data. The ELECTRE family methods deal with imperfect knowledge of data by incorporating ‘pseudo-criteria’, with discrimination thresholds, to interpret the outranking relation as a fuzzy relation. However, the task of selecting thresholds for each criterion can be difficult and ambiguous for decision-makers. In this paper, we propose a confidence-interval-based approach which aims to reduce the subjective input required by decision-makers. The proposed approach involves defining the uncertainty in the input values using confidence intervals and expressing thresholds as a function of the interval estimates. The usefulness of the approach is illustrated by applying it to evaluate the water supply and sewerage services in Spain. Results show that the confidence interval approach may be interesting in some cases (e.g. when dealing with statistical data from surveys or measuring equipment), but should never replace the preferences or judgments of the actors involved in the decision process.
Comparative Evaluation of A Partial Dopamine Agonist with A Preferential D2 and D3 Receptor Antagonist on Ethanol Induced Conditioned Place Preference in Mice
Authors: Yazdani Muhammad Akmal , Anwar Muhammad Jamir , Parveen Bushra , Vohora Divya 
Published: July 2018

Background:The role of dopamine receptor sub-families in the rewarding and reinforcing effects of drugs of abuse has been established in numerous studies. </P><P> Objectives: In view of the extensive role of mesolimbic dopaminergic transmission in rewarding and reinforcing effect of abused drugs including ethanol, the present study evaluated three mechanistically different drugs viz a partial dopaminergic agonist (PDA, aripiprazole), preferential D3 (mixed D2/D3) receptor antagonist (nafadotride), and a preferential D2 antagonist (haloperidol), on ethanol-induced conditioned place preference (CPP) in mice. </P><P> Method: The study was carried out in Swiss strain albino mice. Ethanol (20%, 2g/kg) was used to induce CPP in mice. After the acquisition of CPP, behavioral tests (elevated plus maze and locomotor activity) were conducted and effect of drugs on expression and on reinstatement (after extinction) was studied.Results:We found that aripiprazole (1 and 2 mg/kg but not 0.5mg/kg), haloperidol (0.2 mg/kg), and nafadotride (4.5 mg/kg) administered for 1 week during the conditioning phase prevented acquisition, expression and reinstatement of ethanol-induced CPP. All the three drugs reduced the ethanol-induced locomotor stimulation and produced antianxiety effects in elevated plus maze following the acquisition of ethanol CPP.Conclusion:Partial dopaminergic agonism by aripiprazole was found to be a better strategy for normalizing dopaminergic neurotransmission in alcoholics as seen in rodents.
Compensating Resonant Frequency via Adjusting Adjustable Coil Automatically
Authors: Xu Jin , Zhao Yuting 
Published: July 2018

Background:
Detuning is the main problem that affects the efficiency and transmission
distance of the resonant coupling Wireless Power Transmission (WPT). The distance of load and the
offset of the load position could cause serious detuning.

Methods:
This paper presents an adjustable coil in which inductance can be adjusted. Then a model
of WPT was established that could compensate resonant frequency automatically using the adjustable
coil. Next, the relationship between the primary resonant frequency and the transmission efficiency
is analyzed from the circuit. The analysis proved that the design of the adjustable coil could
improve the transmission efficiency of the WPT system. Finally, a prototype of WPT system was
built.

Results:
The experimental results showed that WPT system with adjustable coil can improve the
transmission efficiency which proves the theoretical research. At the same time, it has essential reference
value for the future research of WPT.

Conclusion:
In this paper, aiming at the system detuning caused by some other factors, such as the
position shift of the load during the wireless power transmission, an adjustable coil is proposed.
Design and Optimization of Rectangular Patch Antenna Based on FR4, Teflon and Ceramic Substrates
Authors: Pandian Manickam Karthigai , Chinnadurai Thangam 
Published: July 2018

Background:
Modern communication devices are very much dependent on the operation of
low profile antennas. The objective of this paper is to perform the design and simulation of a rectangular
microstrip patch antenna at a resonant frequency of 9.5 GHz.

Methods:
Design of the antenna is given with various substrates like FR4, Teflon and Ceramic
substrates at the desired frequency. For each substrate, the performance of the antenna is measured in
terms of its return loss and Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR).

Results:
Ansoft High-Frequency Structure Simulator is used to simulate the antenna characteristics.

Conclusion:
Performance characteristics of the antenna with three different substrates are compared to
identify the substrate that provides the accurate return loss and VSWR.
Latest issue of Slavic Linguistic Atlas “Personal characteristics of a human” (arealogical commentary)
Authors: Вендина Татьяна , Vendina Tatiana 
Published: July 2018

The article deals with spatial and temporal interpretation of the vocabulary, which is represented on the maps of new 12th volume “Personal characteristics of a human” of “Slavic Linguistic Atlas” (SLA). It gives the answer for the question what the Atlas maps tell. The article is based on the SLA materials that ensure reliability and truthfulness of the research results. The author interprets the revealed lexical isoglosses in terms of genetic, areal and typological aspects.
Analyzing the maps of “Slavic Linguistic Atlas”, the author states that three factors played an important role in the historical evolution of the Slavic dialect continuum, specifically the factor of genetically inherited, the factor of universal typological and the factor of contact convergence. This conclusion is affirmed with the vast materials and allows to reveal a complex pattern of areal relations between Slavic dialects.
Blurred Boundaries: Drugs, Immigration & Border Policy Along the U.S.-Mexico Divide
Authors: Carmichael Logan 
Published: July 2018

Drugs, immigration, and border policy are intrinsically linked in the context of the United States-Mexico divide. However, there are often misunderstandings that border policy and immigration from Mexico are the root causes of a ‘drug epidemic’ in America. This paper dispels these misconceptions by exploring the diverse sources of illicit narcotics and examining the ideologies, government policies, and underlying domestic issues that comprise this epidemic.