bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Demographic Profile of Pediatric Malignancies in Himachal Pradesh
Authors: Badhan Anupam , Bhardwaj Parveen , Yadav Vijay , Grover Neelam , Seem Rajeev Kumar 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Context: Pediatric malignancy is on the rise worldwide, and it is imperative to know the profile of pediatric malignancy in different geographical areas so as to formulate effective strategy to its control. As there are no data from this part, especially the Himalayan region of North India, the present study was planned. Aims: The aims of this study were to study the pattern and demographic profile of pediatric malignancies at a tertiary care teaching hospital in Himachal Pradesh. Settings and Design: This was a hospital-based, prospective, nonrandomized, observational study. Subjects and Methods: Pattern and demographic profile of clinically suspected malignancies in children and adolescents (0–18 years) over a period of 1 year from June 2012 to May 2013 in the Department of Pediatrics and Radiotherapy. Statistical Analysis Used: Data were analyzed statistically using Epi Info software for all ratios and proportions. Results:: A total of 31 children were diagnosed to have malignancy, which accounted for 0.86% of total admissions with a male-to-female ratio of 1.58:1.The three most common childhood malignancies were leukemia (29.03%), central nervous system (CNS) tumors (25.80%), and lymphoma (19.35%), and these were followed by Wilm's tumor and hepatoblastoma, each accounting for 06.45% of total childhood malignancies. Hematological malignancies accounted for 48.38% and nonhematological malignancies for 51.62% of all the malignancies. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia was the most common hematological malignancy noted in 22.58%, followed equally by Hodgkin's disease and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (20% of total hematological malignancies). Among nonhematological malignancies, CNS malignancies were the most common. In the age group of 0–5 years, all cases of neuroblastoma, yolk sac tumor, and ovarian tumor and 50% cases of hepatoblastoma and Wilm's tumor were seen. In the age group of 5–10 years, leukemia (44.44%) was the most common malignancy followed by lymphoma (33.33%). In 14–18 years, CNS malignancies (50%) were the most common malignancies followed by lymphoma (33.33%). Conclusions: Hematological malignancies are the most common malignancies in the pediatric age group, and acute leukemia was the single most common pediatric malignancy, and CNS malignancies were the most common nonhematological malignancies.
Sclerosing Ovarian Tumor with Disrupted Morphology: Significance of Ancillary Tests in Resolving Diagnostic Dilemma
Authors: Rao Shalinee , Muralitharan Susruthan , Narayanan Cunnigaiper Dhanasekharan 
Published: August 2018

AbstractSclerosing stromal tumor is an uncommon subtype of sex cord–stromal tumor of the ovary. It occurs in young females who present with pelvic pain and menstrual irregularities. We present a case of an 18-year-old female who was brought to emergency room with a history of blunt trauma abdomen after road traffic accident. A diagnosis of hemoperitoneum was made, and the patient underwent emergency exploratory laparotomy. An incidental right ovarian mass was found which was removed and sent for histopathological examination. Histomorphology of this lesion showed variable findings with extensive edema and paucicellularity. Few thin wall blood vessels were also observed. The possible differential diagnosis on gross and microscopic examination included sclerosing stromal tumor, fibroma, thecomas, granulosa cell tumor, and edema of the ovary. In view of diagnostic dilemma, special stains for collagen and reticulin were done. In addition, immunohistochemistry (IHC) for CD99, smooth muscle actin, and desmin was put up. A diagnosis of sclerosing tumor of the ovary was made based on histomorphology and findings of ancillary tests. In general, ancillary tests are not required to diagnose sclerosing ovarian tumor as it has characteristic histological features. This case highlights the usefulness of special stains and IHC in sex cord tumors with overlapping microscopic features.
Unusual Presentation of Wilms' Tumor as Umbilical Granuloma
Authors: Hegde Shalini Gajanan , Menon Prema , Narasimha Rao Katragadda Lakshmi , Nada Ritambhra 
Published: August 2018

AbstractWe report an unusual presentation of a Wilms' tumor in an 8-month-old child, incidentally detected by ultrasonography for an umbilical granuloma. A patent vitellointestinal duct anomaly required surgical excision in the same sitting as the nephroureterectomy. The case is reported for the unusual coexistence and the management implications.
Carcinoma Buccal Mucosa Presenting as Ocular Metastasis to the Choroid
Authors: Jyoti Poddar , Ashutosh Sharma , Maitrik J Mehta , Ubrangala Kunikullaya Suryanarayana 
Published: August 2018

AbstractMetastasis to eyes from a head and neck carcinoma is a rare event. A 62-year-old male presented with carcinoma of the left buccal mucosa. The patient was operated and was pathological stage pT2N0Mx. The patient was advised adjuvant postoperative radiotherapy (60Gray/30#). During the treatment, he presented with progressive diminution of vision in the left eye. He was investigated and was found to have choroidal secondaries in the left eye involving 80% of the globe. On positron emission tomography-computed tomography scan, no metastatic lesion was found elsewhere in the body. Ocular metastasis in a case of T2NOMx without pulmonary metastasis is a rare event.
Atypical Presentation of Primary Ewing's Sarcoma
Authors: Jeniffer Nancy V , Panduranga Arpitha , Karunakara BK 
Published: August 2018

AbstractEwing's sarcoma is the second most common bone tumor in children and adolescents. Its annual incidence is 0.6/million total population worldwide, and in some populations in India, its incidence can account for 15%–19.4% of the primary bone tumors. Ewing's sarcoma is a highly malignant round cell tumor, affecting the metadiaphyseal and the diaphyseal regions of the long bones. Spine involvement, as a primary focus in Ewings sarcoma is uncommon, but when present, usually affects the sacrum. Origin from non sacral region is extremely rare. We report a case of acute onset of paraplegia progressing to quadriplegia in a child with metastatic involvement of the spine, primary focus being the nonsacral spine which is inherently challenging to an early diagnosis. Ewing's sarcoma though has improved survival with chemotherapy and radiotherapy, primary spine focus has poor prognosis.
Difficulties of Learning English Language at the Secondary Level: A Case Study of Thakurgaon District
Authors: Hossain Md. Amir 
Published: August 2018

The aim of this paper is to examine the complexities of learning English Language among the SSC level learners of Lahiri High School under Thakurgaon District, a northern part of Bangladesh. Many students don’t receive Standard Education of English due to knowledgeable teachers, financial constraints, lack of multimedia project teaching and learning system, and lack of English Language Club. It aims to look at motivating the young learners so that they can be able to develop the basic knowledge of four skills despite depriving of ultra-modern facilities. For this purpose, the current researcher collected date through questionnaire and interview process. 15 sets of questions were provided among 15 students to find out their fundamental knowledge of English language. In the field survey, 31 participants were selected for interview, including 15 male & female students, 6 teachers, and 10 guardians. Teachers and parents expressed their different views about English language learning complexities. Participants responded that students were weak in English Grammar, Vocabulary, and Speaking Skill. After realizing their English learning complexities, the researcher came to conclusion and recommendations. Thus this study would like to show a new dimension of English Language Learning for the Secondary Level students at Thakurgaon District in Bangladesh.
The ABCs of the XYZs: Adding a Critical Dimension to Contemporary Teacher Education
Authors: Mohr Eric S. , Mohr Kathleen A. 
Published: August 2018

Currently, the faculty at post-secondary institutions are mostly Baby Boomer and Generation-X (Gen X) faculty teaching Gen-Y and -Z students as undergraduates. According to numerous social commentators, these generations tend to vary in their worldviews, and the differences can challenge the teaching-learning relationship. In the following discussion, we would like to share some information from a few current resources that attempt to characterize and analyze the two most dominant generations among post-secondary students today. Then, we will pose a few ways that teacher educators might seek to update their instruction for Gen-Z students.
Transformasi Nitrogen dalam Tanah Tergenang: Aplikasi Jerami Padi dan Kompos Jerami Padi
Authors: Indriyati Lilik Tri , Sabiham Supiandi , Darusman Latifah Kosim , Situmorang Rykson , Sudarsono . , Sisworo Widjang Herry 
Published: August 2018

The use of organic materials aimed at reducing the dependence on inputs such as chemical fertilizers can contribute to sustainability and improving the low N fertilizer efficiency of rice plants in paddy soils. Therefore, better understanding of N transformation in flooded soils, particularly the microbial transformation of N-organic amendments to plant-available N and gaseous N forms is needed for most efficient use of soil and organic materials N, for determining the potential of denitrification and for aiding in the selection of N management practices for sustainable agriculture. The experiments were conducted in the laboratory and glasshouse of Soil Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Bogor Agricultural University. An incubation experiment was conducted in the laboratory at room temperature during 120 d to analyze the mineralization-immobilization patterns in flooded soils amended with rice straw, rice straw composts 4 mo and 8 mo and their combinations with urea. The first time of soil flooding, mineral N (N-NH4+ and N-NO3-) concentrations in all of the amended soils sharply decreased and those gradually increase since 7 d of incubation. It might be due to the reduction of N-NO3- to N2O and N2, and immobilization. This data was consistent with the data of N2O emission derived from pot experiment. The high emission of N2O was observed at the first time of soil flooding of the amended soils, and the soils added rice straw showed the largest N2O emission than the other treatments. It might be due to the change of soil condition from aerobic to anaerobic condition, and the higher decomposable C as energy source for denitrifyer contained in rice straw. Regardless the organic materials added to soils, the longer anaerobic condition, nitrification sharply decreased, so that nitrate availability limits denitrifications.decreased, so that nitrate availability limits denitrifications.
Pemanfaatan Tithonia Diversifolia pada Tanah Sawah yang Dipupuk P Secara Starter terhadap Produksi serta Serapan Hara N, P, dan K Tanaman Padi
Authors: Gusnidar . , Prasetyo Teguh Budi 
Published: August 2018

The research of Tithonia diversifolia utilization in the paddy soil that was fertilized P-starter on yield and N, P, K uptake on rice crop, has been conducted from August to December 2005. The objective of this research was to determine interaction between P-starter levels, and tithonia levels on production and N, P, K element uptake of rice crop. The research was pot experiment in the green house in factorial design 4 x 4. First factor was 4 levels of tithonia with reduce dosage fertilizer aplied (T0 = 0 t tithonia + 200 kgUrea ha-1 + 75 kg KCl ha-1; T1= 2,5 t tithonia ha-1 + 150 kg Urea ha-1, without KCl; T2 = 5,0 t tithonia ha-1 + 100 kg Urea ha-1, without KCl; dan T3 = 7,5 t tithonia ha-1 + 50 kg Urea ha-1, without KCl). The second factor was 4 levels of P-starter (0, 2, 4, and 6 kg P ha-1). The result showed that combination T3 treatment and 2-4 kg P-starter ha-1 increased the grain yield 20,51-21,08 g pot-1 (18,65-19,21%). Effect of T3 treatment was not significant with T2 treatment on the grain yield. The best interaction was T3 treatment on N and K uptake ((0,84 g pot-1 for N, dan 0,82 g pot-1 for K).
The Changes of P-fractions and Solubility of Phosphate Rock in Ultisol Treated by Organic Matter and Phosphate Rock
Authors: Djuniwati Sri , Nugroho Budi , Pulunggono Heru Bagus 
Published: August 2018

Phosphorus (P) is one of the essential elements for plant, however, its availability is mostly very low in acid soils. It is well documented that application of phosphate rock and organic matter are able to change the level of availability of P-form in acid soils. The objective of the research were to evaluate the changes of P-fractions ( resin-P, NaHCO3-Pi, and NaHCO3-Po) and phosphate rock dissolution which were induced by application of organic matter (Imperata cylindrica, Pueraria javanica, dan Colopogonium mucunoides) and phosphate rock in Utisol Lampung. The experiment was designed in a completely randomized design with three factors and three replications. The first factor was the types of organic matter (I. cylindrica, P. javanica, and C. mucunoides), the second factor was the rate of organic matter (0, 2.5, and 5%), and the third factor was the rate of phosphate rock (0, 40, and 80 mg P kg-1). The results showed that in the rate of 0 and 1% organic matter, the type of organic matter did not affect P-fraction of NaHCO3-Pi, but in the rate of 2.5 and 5%, NaHCO3-Pi due to application of P. javanica, and C. mucunoides higher than due to application of I. cylindrica. However, the increasing rate of organic matter increased NaHCO3-Pi. Then, P-fraction of Resin-Pi was affected by the type of organic matter, the rate of organic matter, and the rate of phosphate rock, respectively. P-fraction of resin-Pi due to application of P. javanica, and C. mucunoides was higher than due to application of I. cylindrica, but the effect of P. javanica, and C. mucunoides was not different. Increasing the rate of organic matter and phosphate rock increased P-fraction of resin-Pi and NaHCO3-Pi, but P-fraction of NaHCO3-Po was not affected by all treatments. Meanwhile, dissolution of phosphate rock was affected by the kind of organic matter and soil reaction. In the rate of 5% organic matter, dissolution of phosphate rock by application of I. cylindrica (70%) was higher than P. javanica (26.6%), and C. mucunoides (33.5%), but in the rate of 1%, the effect of I. cylindrica , P. javanica, and C. mucunoides were not different.Keywords: C. mucunoides; I. cylindrica; P. javanica; phosphate rock; P-fractions[How to Cite: Djuniwati S, B Nugroho, and HB Pulunggono. 2012. The Changes of P-fractions and Solubility of Phosphate Rock in Ultisol Treated by Organic Matter and Phosphate Rock. J Trop Soils, 17: 203-210. doi: 10.5400/jts.2012.17.3.203][Permalink/DOI: www.dx.doi.org/10.5400/jts.2012.17.3.203]
Microneedle‐Loaded Gene‐Editable Nanohybrids Engineer Cancer Cells by Telomere Stress Induction and Metabolic Interference for Enhanced Cuproptosis and Immunotherapy
Authors: Luan Xiaowei , Du Shiyu , Liu Zhiyong , He Bangshun , Pan Yongchun , Yang Jian , Li Yanyan , Kong Desheng , Han Xin , Song Yujun 
Published: November 2024

AbstractCuproptosis, a novel copper‐driven cell death, offers potential for cancer therapy, yet challenges persist in targeted delivery of copper ions and therapeutic resistance management. Here, CuTG‐Cas9@PLL, a cuproptosis nano‐inducer for efficient delivery of Cu ions, 6‐Thio‐dG (6‐thio‐2′‐deoxyguanosine), and CRISPR/Cas9 to enhance cuproptosis and immunotherapy via telomere stress and metabolic interference is developed. This system, combined with microneedle patches for transdermal delivery in melanoma treatment, targets the “Warburg effect,” a key resistance mechanism, through CRISPR/Cas9‐mediated LDHA knockout, thereby sensitizing cancer cells to cuproptosis and reversing immune suppression. Moreover, 6‐Thio‐dG‐induced telomere stress not only amplifies cuproptosis via autophagy dysfunction but also boosts anti‐tumor immunity by increased immunogenicity of senescent cancer cells. This work presents a novel approach for developing efficient cuproptosis nano‐inducers and reports on the feasibility of enhancing cancer cuproptosis and anti‐tumor immunotherapy through telomere stress induction and CRISPR/Cas9‐mediated metabolic interference.
A 3D Macroporous Carbon NiCu Single‐Atom Catalyst for High Current Density CO2 Electroreduction
Authors: Lu Guilong , Wang Xin , Timoshenko Janis , Cuenya Beatriz Roldan , Zhao Guixia , Huang Xiubing , Schuhmann Wolfgang , Muhler Martin 
Published: November 2024

AbstractTransition metal and nitrogen co‐decorated carbon materials are promising platforms for CO2 electroreduction. A hard‐template 2‐step pyrolysis method is proposed for the fabrication of highly dispersed Ni and Cu atomic active sites on a 3D macroporous carbon matrix. The pyrrolic N‐type Ni−Nx sites serve as dominant active sites toward selective CO2 electroreduction to CO. The incorporation of Cu alters the distribution of N species and simultaneously optimizes the electronic state and geometric structure of the Ni−Nx moiety, thereby improving its adsorption and activation capacity for CO2. Moreover, the isolated Cu atomic sites enhance the resistance of corresponding gas‐diffusion electrodes against electrolyte flooding. The optimal catalyst 3D NiCu‐69 achieves nearly exclusive production of CO with a Faraday efficiency (FECO) of 98% at a current density of −700 mA cm−2 in a CO2‐gas‐fed flow‐through electrolyzer and delivers a CO production rate of 1363 mol(m2s)−1, which is exceeding most reported electrocatalysts. The FECO remained as high as 94% after electrolyzing at a current density of −100 mA cm−2 for 22 h. 3D NiCu‐69 exhibits a favorable performance in both acidic and neutral conditions, with a high FECO of ≈90.2% within the current density range of −100 to −500 mA cm−2.
Soil and plant cations as affected by application of wood ash, biochar, and papermill biosolids
Authors: Manirakiza Eric , Gagnon Bernard , Ziadi Noura 
Published: November 2024

AbstractRecycling woody biomass for application to croplands is one option to divert materials from landfills and simultaneously improve degraded soil properties. Considering the diversity of materials that vary widely in characteristics, an understanding of the comparative effects of a single or combined application of these byproducts is missing with regards to soil C accumulation and availability of base and metallic cations. A field study was conducted in Québec City, QC, Canada, to assess the effects relative to untreated control of wood ash (10 and 20 Mg dry wt. ha−1), pine biochar (10 Mg dry wt. ha−1), papermill biosolids (12 Mg PB dry wt. ha−1), and a combination of wood ash and PB on soil C, pH, and cations in a circumneutral loamy soil. The site was cropped to a corn (Zea mays L.)–soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] rotation. All materials were applied before corn planting and the effects of treatment were followed over two growing seasons. Applying wood ash resulted in the statistically largest increases (p < 0.01) in soil pH, percentage base saturation, and Mehlich‐3 K, Ca, Mg, Zn, and Cd. Wood ash also increased K concentration in straw and total K accumulation for both plants, but its effect on plant metallic cations was limited. With a single application, PB only increased Mehlich‐3 Ca with no further effect when combined with wood ash, while pine biochar was limited to sequester soil C. Therefore, this study indicated that wood ash could benefit a corn–soybean rotation by enhancing soil quality and crop yield.
Uncommon Phosphonylation of Pyrazine‐2,3‐dicarbonitrile Derivatives via C(sp2)−CN Bond Cleavage
Authors: Volostnykh Marina V. , Enakieva Yulia Yu. , Kirakosyan Gayane A. , Grigoriev Mikhail S. , Chufarin Aleksey E. , Wang Hailong , Stuzhin Pavel A. , Gorbunova Yulia G. , Tsivadze Aslan Yu. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractA direct phosphonylation of the C(sp2)−CN bond under mild catalytic and non‐catalytic reaction conditions is disclosed. Pyrazine‐2,3‐dicarbonitriles are readily coupled with HPO(OEt)2 to produce the corresponding dialkoxyphosphoryl‐substituted pyrazines. The phosphonylation reaction occurs in the presence of a base (Et3N, Cs2CO3) as nucleophilic substitution of the CN groups. The yield of target diphosphonates depends on the nature of substituents in the 5,6‐positions of the pyrazine ring: it exceeds 90 % for di‐5,6‐aryl‐substituted pyrazines and is significantly lower when electron‐donating alkyl (n‐propyl) groups are attached to the 5,6‐positions. It should be noted that for pyrazine‐2,3‐dicarbonitriles bearing vicinal 4‐bromophenyl groups, the nucleophilic phosphonylation leading to C−CN/P−H coupling in the pyrazine ring is predominant over Pd‐catalyzed Hirao's C−Br/P−H coupling reaction in phenyl rings. Detailed structural characterization, both in solution by means of 1H, 13C and 31P NMR spectroscopy and in the solid state by single crystal X‐ray diffraction, of a series of newly synthesized pyrazine phosphonates is reported.
Highly Enantioselective Transportation Across Liquid Membranes Mediated by Porous Covalent Organic Frameworks
Authors: Zhang Xiaofeng , Hou Bang , Li Ziping , Fu Shiguo , Liu Shuo , Jia Lei , Liu Yan , Cui Yong 
Published: November 2024

AbstractChiral liquid membrane separation is crucial in pharmaceuticals and chemical synthesis for its simplicity and stability, yet designing membrane carriers that enable efficient enantioseparation remains a challenge. Here, we demonstrated for the first time that chiral porous materials can act as mobile carriers of bulk liquid membranes (BLMs) to enhance enantioselective transport and separation. We design and prepare three 2D chiral covalent organic frameworks (CCOFs) by imine condensations of a chiral dialdehyde with triamines containing ethyl, fluorine and/or isopropyl groups. These isostructural CCOFs feature ABC stacking, excellent water, acid and base tolerance, and chiral amine groups in 1D porous channels, promoting efficient enantioselective transportation of amino acid enantiomers. Among them, the CCOF with both ‐F and ‐iPr groups showing superior transport performance. Exfoliating the CCOF into chiral nanosheets creates flexible layers with accessible active sites, enabling nanosheet‐mediated liquid membranes to separate chiral drug enantiomers, a feat unattainable with the pristine CCOF. This work establishes CCOFs as a promising platform for chiral BLM separations and will guide the design of high‐performance BLMs using porous materials for enantioselective separation.
Coupling Rotary Motion to Helicene Inversion within a Molecular Motor
Authors: Gisbert Yohan , Ovalle Marco , Stindt Charlotte N. , Costil Romain , Feringa Ben L. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractTowards complex coupled molecular motions, the remote handedness inversion of a helicene moiety was achieved by a rotary molecular motor. The use of a specifically engineered dynamic helicene stator in a novel overcrowded‐alkene second‐generation molecular motor based on a fluorinated dibenzofluorene fragment allows for an unprecedented control over helicity inversion. This is achieved by the mechanical coupling of the rotation of the rotor to the helicene inversion of the stator half via a remote chirality transmission process. Thus, the unidirectional rotary motion generated upon irradiation is used to invert the dynamic stereochemistry of a helicene, leading to a 6‐step cycle with eight intermediates. In this cycle, both alternation between P and M configurations of the helicene stator and dynamic thermal interconversion (paddling motion) can be achieved. In‐depth computational and spectroscopic studies were performed to support the associated mechanism. The control over coupled motion and dynamic helicity offers prospects for the development of complex responsive systems.