bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Promoting the use of outcome measures across disciplines through action research with practitioners in a palliative care setting
Authors: Reynolds Sarah , Bannigan Katrina 
Published: March 2019

Background/Aim Allied health professionals aspire to become evidence-based practitioners but disparity exists between best practice and clinical practice. One example is outcome measurement; despite being committed to using outcome measures, allied health professionals struggle to use them. This study aimed to explore the process of introducing outcome measures into a practice setting. Methods A qualitative action research study was undertaken with allied health professionals working in a hospice setting. The data, collected in three cycles of action, were analysed thematically. Findings Three themes emerged: the gap between knowledge and practice, the challenges of measuring outcomes in palliative care, and facilitators to using outcome measures in palliative care. Action research provided a structure to involve therapists in introducing outcome measures within a practice setting. Conclusions This study provides insight into how a clinical speciality's discrete characteristics influence the process of selecting outcome measures. In a hospice setting, where people have life-shortening conditions, the challenges for using outcome measures are different to other settings. Action research offers a deep learning opportunity and process, through education, discussion, and critique, to support therapists to select and adopt the outcome measures to use in practice.
A usage-based approach to “language” in language contact
Authors: Wasserscheidt Philipp 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe use of named languages is still prevalent in current contact linguistics research. In this paper, I argue that this cannot explain many contact situations and types of language knowledge. I propose a usage-based account of language instead which does not take linguistic systems for granted but construes them based on the single linguistic unit. A language is seen as a radially organized network of constructions, which are interlinked through co-use, which employ the same inventory of linguistic forms and which are appropriate in the same socio-pragmatic circumstances.
Frequency-dependent viscoelastic properties of Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata) under hygrothermal conditions. Part 2: moisture desorption
Authors: Zhan Tianyi , Jiang Jiali , Lu Jianxiong , Zhang Yaoli , Chang Jianmin 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
The frequency-dependent viscoelasticity of Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata) during moisture desorption was investigated and the applicability of the time-moisture superposition (TMS) relation on wood stiffness and damping during the moisture desorption was verified. The hygrothermal conditions for the moisture desorption were set up as six constant temperatures ranging from 30 to 80°C and three relative humidity (RH) levels at 0, 30 and 60%. Due to the elimination of water during the moisture desorption, the stiffness of the Chinese fir increased, whereas the damping decreased. With the increase in frequency, increased stiffness and decreased damping were observed. Utilizing the TMS relation, it was possible to construct master curves of wood stiffness at temperatures ranging from 30 to 80°C. The linear relationship between the shift factor and the moisture content (MC) manifested a low intermolecular cooperativity between the polymers and a narrow relaxation window. However, the TMS relation was not able to predict the wood damping properties during the moisture desorption, because wood is a multi-relaxation system. The non-proportional relationship between the free volume and MC during the moisture desorption may also explain why the TMS relation failed to construct master curves of the wood damping properties.
Hydrogen Production from Ethanol Steam Reforming Using Ce- and La- Modified Mesoporous MCM-41 Supported Nickel-Based Catalysts
Authors: Rahmanzadeh Lida , Taghizadeh Majid 
Published: March 2019

AbstractMesoporous MCM-41 containing different amounts of nickel (10, 15 and 20 wt%) and Ce and/or La promoters were prepared by hydrothermal and wet-impregnation methods. The catalysts were characterized by means of temperature-programmed reduction (TPR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), N2adsorption-desorption, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric (TGA) analyses. Then, the catalysts were tested for hydrogen production via steam reforming of ethanol in a fixed bed reactor. Hydrogen selectivity and ethanol conversion over Ni/MCM-41 catalyst were 69.6 % and 94 %, respectively. The best catalytic results were obtained with Ce-Ni/MCM-41 catalyst, i. e. 94 % ethanol conversion and 76.5 % hydrogen selectivity. These results remained constant about 90 h time on stream and ethanol conversion decreased to 87 % after 120 h.
Results on Controllability of Nonlinear Hilfer Fractional Stochastic System
Authors: Priyadharsini J. , Sathiyaraj T. , Balasubramaniam P. 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
The main objective of this paper is to present sufficient conditions for controllability of Hilfer fractional nonlinear stochastic systems in finite dimensional space. The main results are obtained by using the Nussbaum fixed point theorem, stochastic analysis approach and generalized fractional calculus (Hilfer fractional derivative) which is universality of Riemann-Liouville and Caputo fractional derivative. Finally, a numerical example is provided to show the effectiveness of the obtained theoretical result. The obtained result is more generalized one than the existing results on fractional stochastic system in finite dimensional space.
Effects of Different Turbulence Models on Three-Dimensional Unsteady Cavitating Flows in the Centrifugal Pump and Performance Prediction
Authors: Ramadhan Al-Obaidi Ahmed 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
In centrifugal pumps, it is important to select appropriate turbulence model for the numerical simulation in order to obtain reliable and accurate results. In this work, ten turbulence models in 3-D transient simulation for the centrifugal pump are chosen and compared. The pump performance is validated with experimental results. The numerical results reveal that the SST turbulence model was closer to the experimental results in predicting head. In addition, the pressure variation trend for the ten models is very similar which increases and then decreases from the inlet to outlet of the pump along the streamline. The SST k-ω model predicts the performance of the pump was more accurately than other turbulent models. Furthermore, the results also found that the error is the least at design operation condition 300(l/min), which is around 1.98 % for the SST model and 2.14 % and 2.38 % for the LES and transition omega model. Within 7.61 %, the errors at higher flow rate 350(l/min) for SST. The error for SST model is smaller as compared to different turbulent models. For the Realizable k-ɛ model, the errors fluctuate were more high than other models.
Finite Time Thermodynamics: Realizability Domain of Heat to Work Converters
Authors: Zaeva M. A. , Tsirlin A. M. , Didina O. V. 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
From the point of view of finite time thermodynamics, the performance boundaries of thermal machines are considered, taking into account the irreversibility of the heat exchange processes of the working fluid with hot and cold sources. It is shown how the kinetics of heat exchange affects the shape of the optimal cycle of a heat engine and its performance, with a focus on the energy conversion efficiency in the maximum power mode. This energy conversion efficiency can depend only on the ratio of the heat transfer coefficients to the sources or not depend on them at all. A class of kinetic functions corresponding to “natural” requirements is introduced and it is shown that for any kinetics from this class the optimal cycle consists of two isotherms and two adiabats, not only for the maximum power problem, but also for the problem of maximum energy conversion efficiency at a given power. Examples are given for calculating the parameters of the optimal cycle for the case when the heat transfer coefficient to the cold source is arbitrarily large and for kinetics in the form of a Fourier law.
The Energy-Momentum Tensor in Relativistic Kinetic Theory: The Role of the Center of Mass Velocity in the Transport Equations for Multicomponent Mixtures
Authors: Sagaceta-Mejía A. R. , Sandoval-Villalbazo A. , Mondragón-Suárez J. H. 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Relativistic kinetic theory is applied to the study of the balance equations for relativistic multicomponent mixtures, comparing the approaches corresponding to Eckart’s and Landau–Lifshitz’s frames. It is shown that the concept of particle velocity relative to the center of mass of the fluid is essential to establish the structure of the energy-momentum tensor in both cases. Different operational definitions of the center of mass velocity lead either to the inclusion of heat in the energy-momentum tensor (particle/Eckart frame) or to strictly relativistic contributions to the diffusion fluxes (energy/Landau–Lifshitz frame). The results here obtained are discussed emphasizing the physical features regarding each approach.
Microscale Thermal Energy Transfer Between Thin Films with Vacuum Gap at Interface
Authors: Ali Haider , Yilbas Bekir Sami 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Transfer of phonons through a silicon–diamond thin film pair with a nano-size gap at the interface is examined. The thin film pair is thermally disturbed by introducing 301 K at the silicon film left edge while keeping the other edges of the thin films at a low temperature (300 K). The radiative phonon transport equation is solved numerically to quantify the phonon intensity distribution in the combined films. The frequency dependent formulation of phonon transport is incorporated in the transient analysis. The thermal boundary resistance is adopted at the interface in the formulations. The near-field radiative heat transfer is also adopted at the gap interface, as the vacuum gap size falls within the Casimir limit. The predictions of thermal conductivity are validated through the thermocouple data. It is observed that predictions of thermal conductivity are in agreement with the experimental data. The ballistic phonons play a major role in energy transfer through the gap; their contribution is more significant than that of the near-field radiative heat transfer. Enlarging the size of the gap reduces the influence of the ballistic phonons on the energy transfer in the films. Increasing the silicon film thickness alters the energy transfer through the gap; in this case, the equivalent equilibrium temperature difference is increased at the interface.
Law and Economic Development in South Africa: An Assessment through the General Theory of Law and Development
Authors: Pooe T. K. 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
The ascension of the African National Congress into formal politics through its electoral victory in 1994 resulted in South Africa adopting one of the world’s most heralded social justice and human rights-based documents, the 1996 Constitution. Yet, two-decades of ANC governance this paper argues has not led to the types of economic development needed to advance the formerly oppressed African majority, Colored and Indian populations. This lackluster economic development is even more troubling when one considers the giant economic development steps Asian developmental states have made, without a human rights and social justice approach. It is the contention of this paper that the newly presented General Theory of Law and Development allows for a new type of analysis exploring the reasons why South Africa’s economic development trajectory has been so lackluster, when so many authorities praise the South African legal framework. In making this argument using the General Theory South Africa’s local governments sphere and local economic development will be the subject of analysis.
Crystal structure of poly[bis(μ2-4-bromoisophthalate-κ2
O:O′)-tris(μ2-1-(3-((1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)methyl)benzyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole-κ2
N:N′)dicobalt(II)] monohydrate, C26H23CoN9O5Br
Authors: Sun Tao 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
C26H23CoN9O5Br, triclinic, P1̄ (no. 2), a = 8.3522(10) Å, b = 13.6076(16) Å, c = 14.1028(17) Å, α = 64.664(1)°, β = 76.130(1)°, γ = 79.045(1)°, V = 1405.4(3) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt(F) = 0.0445, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1156, T = 296(2) K.
Benefits and challenges of serious gaming – the case of “The Maladaptation Game”
Authors: Asplund Therese , Neset Tina-Simone , Käyhkö Janina , Wiréhn Lotten , Juhola Sirkku 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
The use of digital tools and interactive technologies for farming systems has increased rapidly in recent years and is likely to continue to play a significant role in meeting future challenges. Particularly games and gaming are promising new and innovative communication strategies to inform and engage public and stakeholders with scientific research. This study offers an analysis of how a research based game on climate change maladaptation can support, but also hinder players’ sense-making processes. Through the analysis of eight gaming workshops, this study identifies challenges and support for the players’ sense-making. While it concludes that conceptual thinking of game content sometimes clashes with players’ everyday experiences and practice, possibly resulting in loss of credibility, this study also concludes that gaming may function as an eye-opener to new ways of thinking. Overall, this paper suggests that the communication of (social) science and agricultural practices through serious gaming has great potential but at the same time poses challenges due to different knowledge systems and interpretive frameworks among researchers and practitioners.
Total reflection X-ray fluorescence
Authors: Schmeling Martina 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Total reflection X-ray fluorescence (TXRF) spectrometry is a non-destructive and surface sensitive multi-element analytical method based on energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry with detection limits in the lower picogram range. It utilizes the total reflection of the primary X-ray beam at or below the critical angle of incidence. At this angle, the fluorescence intensity is substantially enhanced for samples present as small granular residue or as thin homogenous layer deposited at the surface of a thick substrate. Generally, two types of application exist: micro- and trace-analysis as well as surface and thin-layer analysis. For micro- and trace-analysis, a small amount of the solid or liquid sample is deposited on an optically flat substrate, typically quartz or polycarbonate. The dried residue is analyzed at a fixed angle setting slightly below the critical angle. Quantification is carried out by means of internal standardization. For surface and thin-layer analysis, the surface of an optically flat substrate is scanned. Variations of the incident angle of the primary X-ray beam provide information about the type and sometimes also the amount of material present at or slightly below the surface of the substrate. Major fields of application are environmental samples, biological tissues, objects of cultural heritage, semiconductors and thin-layered materials and films.
Assessing the Architecture ofDrosophila mojavensisLocomotor Evolution with Bulk Segregant Analysis
Authors: Benowitz Kyle M , Coleman Joshua M , Matzkin Luciano M 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBehavior is frequently predicted to be especially important for evolution in novel environments. If these predictions are accurate, there might be particular patterns of genetic architecture associated with recently diverged behaviors. Specifically, it has been predicted that behaviors linked to population divergence should be underpinned by a few genes of relatively large effect, compared to architectures of intrapopulation behavioral variation, which is considered to be highly polygenic. More mapping studies of behavioral variation between recently diverged populations are needed to continue assessing the generality of these predictions. Here, we used a bulk segregant mapping approach to dissect the genetic architecture of a locomotor trait that has evolved between two populations of the cactophilic fly Drosophila mojavensis. We created an F8 mapping population of 1,500 individuals from advanced intercross lines and sequenced the 10% of individuals with the highest and lowest levels of locomotor activity. Using three alternative statistical approaches, we found strong evidence for two relatively large-effect QTL that is localized in a region homologous to a region of densely packed behavior loci in Drosophila melanogaster, suggesting that clustering of behavior genes may display relatively deep evolutionary conservation. Broadly, our data are most consistent with a polygenic architecture, though with several loci explaining a high proportion of variation in comparison to similar behavioral traits. We further note the presence of several antagonistic QTL linked to locomotion and discuss these results in light of theories regarding behavioral evolution and the effect size and direction of QTL for diverging traits in general.
Photocatalytic Properties of Zinc Oxide and Graphene Nanocomposites
Authors: McLain Avery Ann 
Published: March 2019

Zinc oxide (ZnO), as a semiconducting oxide, has potential as a photocatalyst due to some of the properties it possesses, including a large excitation energy, deep violet/borderline ultraviolet (UV) absorption at room temperature, and good photocatalytic activity. However, the main issue with using ZnO as a photocatalyst is that it has a rapid rate for the recombination of electron-hole pairs. Since the photoactivity of a catalyst is determined by its ability to create photogenerated electron-hole pairs, having a fast recombination rate can interfere with the reaction process. This issue could potentially be fixed by combining the ZnO with graphene, a carbon-based material. The conjugated structure of graphene enables the separation of charges in the photocatalytic process, so by combining ZnO and graphene the recombination rate could possibly be slowed while retaining the beneficial properties of both materials.Â This project analyzes the effects of ZnO/graphene nanocomposites on the degradation process of methylene blue dye. This dye breaks down when exposed to solar light, and so the photocatalytic properties of the nanocomposites can be studied by examining how they influence the speed of the reaction process.
Descontaminação fotoquímica de alvéolos dentários em técnicas distintas de Terapia Fotodinâmica: relato de dois casos clínicos
Authors: Nunes Camila Santa Rosa , Proietti Junior Aldo Aparecido , Barcessat Ana Rita Pinheiro 
Published: March 2019

<p>A exodontia é um procedimento cirúrgico que pode apresentar como complicação a infecção da ferida cirúrgica, tal acontecimento pode trazer como consequência um retardo no processo de cicatrização, bem como causar dor pós-operatória ao paciente. Atualmente não existe um protocolo definido a ser realizado após a exodontia que possibilite a redução da carga microbiana de alvéolos contaminados. Logo, é de suma importância pesquisar técnicas que possibilitem diminuir a contaminação no sítio cirúrgico a fim de reduzir a ocorrência de complicações. Neste relato de casos clínicos os autores descrevem a aplicação de duas técnicas de terapia fotodinâmica, a primeira associando a curcumina luz LED azul, e a segunda associando o azul de metileno ao Laser vermelho, para verificar o potencial de redução microbiana de ambas as técnicas nos alvéolos dentários imediatamente após as exodontias. Notou-se que ambas as reduziram efetivamente o percentual microbiano nos alvéolos, a primeira apresentando um percentual de redução de 54%, e a segunda uma redução de 51,86%. Tal redução microbiana pode ter contribuído para uma acelerada cicatrização desse alvéolo bem como ter possibilitado um pós-operatório mais confortável ao paciente.</p><p class="Default"> </p>
GLOBALIZATION, STRENGTHENING OF INDONESIAN LOCAL MARKET CHARACTER AS CONSEQUENCES AND REALITY OF OPEN ECONOMIC SYSTEM
Authors: Fatihudin Didin 
Published: March 2019

Purpose of Study: Globalization impacts of advances in science, technology and information. Any country in the world including Indonesia can not avoid globalization. There is no time limit, space and territory. There is a pull of two concepts of economic development. Economic growth (Capitalism) or welfare economy (Socialism), or a mixture of both (mixs). Indonesia adheres to the mix. Natural resource wealth is not enough. More important is the quality and character of Indonesia’s strong human resources.
Methodology: The growth of goods and services, there are three aspects of character change to improve the welfare of the Indonesian nation; (1) the number of literacy (education); (2) life expectancy (health), and (3) ability of purchasing power (income). Government development and regulatory policies; (1) allocation; (2) distribution; And (3) stabilization is intended solely for income distribution and reducing economic disparities.
Result: Exploitation and exploration of production factors, production efficiency, capitalization of capital and market expansion is the impact of globalization. Globalization and the strengthening of local market traits are indications of the consequences of Indonesia’s open economic system.
Implications/Applications: The impact of the economic crisis lies not on globalization itself, but lies in the Indonesian national identity itself in addressing Globalization.
THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT LICENSING POLICY OF CREATIVE INDUSTRY IN THE ERA OF ASEAN ECONOMIC COMMUNITY (AEC) IN SURAKARTA, INDONESIA
Authors: . Absori , Nurhayati Nunik , Bangsawan Moh. Indra 
Published: March 2019

Purpose of Study: The purpose of this study is to describe the growth of the creative industries in the city of Surakarta, formulate the sustainable development licensing model of creative industries in the era of ASEAN economic community (AEC) through legitimacy as a legal umbrella by designing the local regulation on creative industry.
Methodology: This type of research is a juridical-empirical study with a qualitative non-doctrinal approach. The policy offered is a policy with the Fishbone model analysis which sequentially describes a visual list composed of various causes that affect in process who has done by connecting one cause to another. Each affect will be arranged according to the cause, and aims to classify some causes based on category. The identification process is done by looking for the root cause which influences in irrelevance the sustainable development creative industries legality in the city of Surakarta, namely: Local Government; Regulation; Creative Industry Businessman and the environment who will describe with a small bone. While the big bone is the result of the analysis of the root of the problem of the four indicators mentioned above, which is the root of the problem (the big bone) the irrelevance of the sustainable development creative industries legality in the city of Surakarta.
Results: Based on the results, this research showed that there has been an increasing trend of creative industry growth in the city of Surakarta in 2015-2016 which touched the number 495 creative industries. However, the data show that in 2015-2016 only 10% of creative industries have business licenses and 90% not have the business license.
Implications: Therefore, the local government has to make and formulate the local regulations as licence of sustainable development creative industries in the city of Surakarta and designing the guideline book to make easier for the society in order to understand the rules.