bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fish consumption and risk of depression: Epidemiological evidence from prospective studies
Authors: Yang Yeonji , Kim Youngyo , Je Youjin 
Published: September 2018

AbstractIntroductionThe evidence on the association of fish or omega‐3 fatty acid intake with depression is inconsistent. We conducted a systematic review and meta‐analysis of prospective cohort studies to examine this association.MethodsDatabase searches in PubMed and Web of Science were conducted to identify relevant articles published up to April 2018, which were supplemented by hand‐searches of reference lists of the retrieved articles. Using a random‐effects model, we calculated pooled relative risks (RR) of depression in relation to consumption of fish or omega‐3 fatty acids after adjusting for potential confounders.ResultsA total of 10 prospective cohort studies with 6672 cases of depression among 109 764 participants were included in the meta‐analysis. The pooled adjusted RR of depression for the highest vs lowest category of fish consumption was 0.89 (95% CI: 0.80‐0.99). The pooled adjusted RR of depression for the highest vs lowest category of omega‐3 intake was 0.87 (95% CI: 0.74‐1.04). In the dose‐response analysis, the pooled adjusted RRs for an increment of 1 serving/week of fish consumption and 500 mg/day of omega‐3 fatty acid intake were 0.89 (95% CI: 0.75‐1.04) and 0.99 (95% CI: 0.94‐1.04), respectively. There was no evidence of heterogeneity.DiscussionOur findings provide quantitative evidence for a modest inverse association between fish or omega‐3 fatty acid intake and risk of depression, especially in women. These findings from the observational studies need to be confirmed through large randomized clinical trials of fish consumption or omega‐3 fatty acid intake and risk of depression.
Long non‐coding RNA MIF‐AS1 promotes gastric cancer cell proliferation and reduces apoptosis to upregulate NDUFA4
Authors: Li Linhai , Li Yuejin , Huang Yingguang , Ouyang Yiming , Zhu Yu , Wang Yongzhi , Guo Xiaodong , Yuan Ying , Gong Kunmei 
Published: September 2018

Long non‐coding RNA MIF‐AS1 (lncMIF‐AS1) has been found to be upregulated in the tumor tissues of gastric cancer; however, its importance for the progression of gastric cancer remains unknown. Thus, the present study was designed to determine the role of the lncMIF‐AS1‐based signal transduction pathway in mediating the proliferation and apoptosis of gastric cancer cells. Differentially expressed lncRNAs and mRNAs were screened out using microarray analysis, based on the published data (GSE63288), and validated using quantitative RT‐PCR. Target relationships between lncRNA‐micro RNA (miRNA) and miRNA‐mRNA were predicted by bioinformatics analysis and verified by dual‐luciferase reporter assay. Protein expression of NDUFA4, COX6C and COX5B was detected by western blot. Cell proliferation, cell cycle and apoptosis were determined using colony formation assay and flow cytometry analysis. Oxidative phosphorylation in gastric cancer cells was assessed by levels of oxygen consumption and ATP synthase activity. Expression of lncMIF‐AS1 and NDUFA4 were upregulated in gastric cancer tissues and cells as compared with non‐cancerous gastric tissues and cells (P < .05). MiR‐212‐5p was identified as the most important miRNA linker between lncMIF‐AS1 and NDUFA4, which was negatively regulated by lncMIF‐AS1 and its depletion is the main cause of NDUFA4 overexpression (P < .01). The upregulated expression of NDUFA4 then greatly promoted the proliferation and decreased the apoptosis of gastric cancer cells through activation of the oxidative phosphorylation pathway. Taken together, the present study implies that inhibition of lncMIF‐AS1/miR‐212‐5p/NDUFA4 signal transduction may provide a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of gastric cancer.
RK‐287107, a potent and specific tankyrase inhibitor, blocks colorectal cancer cell growth in a preclinical model
Authors: Mizutani Anna , Yashiroda Yoko , Muramatsu Yukiko , Yoshida Haruka , Chikada Tsubasa , Tsumura Takeshi , Okue Masayuki , Shirai Fumiyuki , Fukami Takehiro , Yoshida Minoru , Seimiya Hiroyuki 
Published: September 2018

Aberrant activation of Wnt/β‐catenin signaling causes tumorigenesis and promotes the proliferation of colorectal cancer cells. Porcupine inhibitors, which block secretion of Wnt ligands, may have only limited clinical impact for the treatment of colorectal cancer, because most colorectal cancer is caused by loss‐of‐function mutations of the tumor suppressor adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) downstream of Wnt ligands. Tankyrase poly(ADP‐ribosyl)ates (PARylates) Axin, a negative regulator of β‐catenin. This post‐translational modification causes ubiquitin‐dependent degradation of Axin, resulting in β‐catenin accumulation. Tankyrase inhibitors downregulate β‐catenin and suppress the growth of APC‐mutated colorectal cancer cells. Herein, we report a novel tankyrase‐specific inhibitor RK‐287107, which inhibits tankyrase‐1 and ‐2 four‐ and eight‐fold more potently, respectively, than G007‐LK, a tankyrase inhibitor that has been previously reported as effective in mouse xenograft models. RK‐287107 causes Axin2 accumulation and downregulates β‐catenin, T‐cell factor/lymphoid enhancer factor reporter activity and the target gene expression in colorectal cancer cells harboring the shortly truncated APC mutations. Consistently, RK‐287107 inhibits the growth of APC‐mutated (β‐catenin‐dependent) colorectal cancer COLO‐320DM and SW403 cells but not the APC‐wild (β‐catenin‐independent) colorectal cancer RKO cells. Intraperitoneal or oral administration of RK‐287107 suppresses COLO‐320DM tumor growth in NOD‐SCID mice. Rates of tumor growth inhibition showed good correlation with the behavior of pharmacodynamic biomarkers, such as Axin2 accumulation and MYC downregulation. These observations indicate that RK‐287107 exerts a proof‐of‐concept antitumor effect, and thus may have potential for tankyrase‐directed molecular cancer therapy.
Intestinal microbiota profiling and predicted metabolic dysregulation in psoriasis patients
Authors: Chen Yi‐Ju , Ho Hsiu J. , Tseng Ching‐Hung , Lai Zi‐Lun , Shieh Jeng‐Jer , Wu Chun‐Ying 
Published: September 2018

AbstractObjectivesThe intestinal microbiota has been known to involve in obesity and host immune response. We aimed to investigate the intestinal microbiota and potential genetic function in relation to clinical presentation in psoriasis patients.MethodsFaecal microbiota and predicted genetic function inferred from high‐throughput 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing were analysed between psoriasis (n = 32) and age‐, gender‐ and body mass index (BMI)‐matched non‐psoriasis subjects (n = 64), from a referral medical centre. The correlation between altered microbiota and disease activity, arthritis and systemic anti‐psoriatic drugs was also investigated.ResultsWe observed a distinct faecal microbial community structure in psoriasis patients, with an increased abundance of phylum Firmicutes and decreased abundance of phylum Bacteroidetes, across different subgroup of subjects. Ruminococcus and Megasphaera, of the phylum Firmicutes, were the top‐two genera of discriminant abundance in psoriasis. A number of functional genes and metabolic pathways involving bacterial chemotaxis and carbohydrate transport were predicted over‐represented, whereas genes related to cobalamin and iron transport were predicted under‐represented in faecal microbiota of psoriasis patients.ConclusionsThe distinct faecal microbial composition in psoriasis might be associated with altered transport of carbohydrate, cobalamin and iron, as well as chemotaxis.
In‐plane shear damage behaviours of 2D needled C/SiC composites
Authors: Yu Guoqiang , Gao Xiguang , Xie Chuyang , Song Yingdong 
Published: September 2018

AbstractUnderstanding the in‐plane shear behaviour of composites is essential to establish the design basis for practical applications. This study aims to investigate the shear damage behaviours of 2D needled C/SiC composites by various characterization techniques. The effect of layer arrangement on shear modulus and strength was discussed via shear stress‐strain responses. The shear strain field evolution and uniformity variation were studied by digital image correlation. It shows that the uniformity of shear strain field changes with the shear load, and the shear strain field evolution consist of 5 stages. The electrical resistivity measurement results indicate that structural deformation and damage evolution caused the electrical resistivity change. Furthermore, the damage evolution has a double effect on the electrical resistivity variation. The acoustic emission monitoring shows that the shear damage evolution is a 3‐stage nonlinear process before failure. The shear damages were categorized via acoustic characteristics. Besides, the postfailure behaviours were also discussed in this study.
State‐of‐the‐art imaging techniques in the management of preoperative staging and re‐staging of prostate cancer
Authors: Schiavina Riccardo , Chessa Francesco , Borghesi Marco , Gaudiano Caterina , Bianchi Lorenzo , Corcioni Beniamino , Castellucci Paolo , Ceci Francesco , Ceravolo Isabella , Barchetti Giovanni , Del Monte Maurizio , Campa Riccardo , Catalano Carlo , Panebianco Valeria , Nanni Cristina , Fanti Stefano , Minervini Andrea , Porreca Angelo , Brunocilla Eugenio 
Published: September 2018

AbstractWe aimed to review the current state‐of‐the‐art imaging methods used for primary and secondary staging of prostate cancer, mainly focusing on multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging and positron‐emission tomography/computed tomography with new radiotracers. An expert panel of urologists, radiologists and nuclear medicine physicians with wide experience in prostate cancer led a PubMed/MEDLINE search for prospective, retrospective original research, systematic review, meta‐analyses and clinical guidelines for local and systemic staging of the primary tumor and recurrence disease after treatment. Despite magnetic resonance imaging having low sensitivity for microscopic extracapsular extension, it is now a mainstay of prostate cancer diagnosis and local staging, and is becoming a crucial tool in treatment planning. Cross‐sectional imaging for nodal staging, such as computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, is clinically useless even in high‐risk patients, but is still suggested by current clinical guidelines. Positron‐emission tomography/computed tomography with newer tracers has some advantage over conventional images, but is not cost‐effective. Bone scan and computed tomography are often useless in early biochemical relapse, when salvage treatments are potentially curative. New imaging modalities, such as prostate‐specific membrane antigen positron‐emission tomography/computed tomography and whole‐body magnetic resonance imaging, are showing promising results for early local and systemic detection. Newer imaging techniques, such as multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging, whole‐body magnetic resonance imaging and positron‐emission tomography/computed tomography with prostate‐specific membrane antigen, have the potential to fill the historical limitations of conventional imaging methods in some clinical situations of primary and secondary staging of prostate cancer.
Trade unions and the real Living Wage: survey evidence from the UK
Authors: Heery Edmund , Hann Deborah , Nash David 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThis article uses evidence from a survey of accredited Living Wage Employers to examine the extent to which trade unions have supported, campaigned for and been involved in the introduction of the voluntary or ‘real’ Living Wage in the UK. It reports that while unions tended to view the adoption of the Living Wage favourably and to support its introduction they typically were not heavily involved either in the initial decision to adopt the standard or in its implementation. This pattern of findings, it is suggested, is consistent with the union response to corporate social responsibility initiatives and provides only limited support for the commonly argued position that ‘economic justice’ movements provide fertile ground for the development of union‐community coalitions.
Rawlsian Justice and the Social Determinants of Health
Authors: Fishman Jayna , MacKay Douglas 
Published: September 2018

AbstractIn this article, we suggest that the evidence regarding the social determinants of health calls for a deep re‐thinking of our understanding of distributive justice. Focusing on John Rawls's theory of distributive justice in particular, we argue that a full reckoning with the social determinants of health requires a re‐working of Rawls's principles of justice. We argue first that the social bases of health – a Rawlsian conception of the social determinants of health – should be considered a social primary good. We argue second that including the social bases of health as a social primary good would lead the parties to the original position to choose an additional principle of justice and assign it lexical priority over Rawls's second principle. According to this principle, inequalities in people's share of the social bases of health are to be arranged so as to improve the health status of those least advantaged on the social health gradient.
Pathological significance of urinary complement activation in diabetic nephropathy: A full view from the development of the disease
Authors: Zheng Jing‐Min , Jiang Zuan‐Hong , Chen De‐Jun , Wang Sa‐Sa , Zhao Wen‐Jin , Li Li‐Juan 
Published: September 2018

AbstractAims/IntroductionThe aim of the present study was to obtain a full view of the changes of urinary complement activation products in the development of diabetic nephropathy and explore their possible significance in the disease process.Materials and methodsA total of 62 patients at different stages of diabetic nephropathy, 20 diabetes patients without nephropathy and 20 healthy persons were enrolled. Urinary complement activation products, including C3a, C5a and C5b‐9, were measured, and their associations with the progression of the disease were analyzed.ResultsThe urinary complement activation products increased markedly since the proteinuria stage, and were parallel with the progression of diabetic nephropathy. More severe renal tubular damage was observed in patients with higher levels of urinary complement activation products. The urinary complement activation products levels correlated closely with renal tubulointerstitial injury score and relative tubular interstitial volume. Multivariate regression analysis showed that elevated urinary complement activation products were independent risk factors for tubular injury in diabetic nephropathy patients.ConclusionsUrinary complement activation might have a role in renal tubular interstitial injury in patients with diabetic nephropathy, especially in patients at a later stage of the disease.
Models of near infrared spectroscopy of fatty acid contents in rapeseed
Authors: Wan Lin‐Sheng , Zhang Gen , Zhang Jie‐Fu , Yan Guo‐Hong , Zhu Ming , Ni Zheng‐Bin , Zhu Guo‐Yong , Wang Ai‐Ming , Dai Jin‐Ying , Sun Hong‐Qin , Sun Ming‐Fa 
Published: September 2018

AbstractContent of oleic acid varied greatly in rapeseed. When rapeseeds with broad range of oleic acid content were used for calibration, models of near‐infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) showed qualified accuracy. To further increase the accuracy of models, the present study narrowed the range of oleic content in calibration samples and only focused rapeseeds with oleic acid content ranging from 55 to 81%. Finally, external validation showed higher accuracy of the model for oleic acid than previous models, with the RSQ of 0.995. Meanwhile, models for linoleic and linolenic acids were also constructed, both showing high RSQ (0.929 and 0.907). These NIRS models could be used for fast determination of fatty acid contents in rapeseeds during agricultural and breeding practices.Practical applicationsThe NIRS method has advantages of rapidity, high efficiency, reliable results, no drug contamination, and no damage to materials. The models constructed in the present study could be used to determine contents of oleic, linoleic, and linolenic acids in rapeseeds. This method can determine several quality parameters with only a small amount of sample at the same time. It is of great significance to save manpower, materials and improve the analysis efficiency in plant breeding applications and rapeseed quality analysis. It is an effective detection method for screening rapeseed breeding materials, analyzing fatty acid components, and quality of rapeseeds.
Effects of ultrasound pretreatments on the quality of fried sweet potato (Ipomea batatas) chips during microwave‐assisted vacuum frying
Authors: Qiu Liqing , Zhang Min , Wang Yuchuan , Bhandari Bhesh 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe research was focused on the quality of sweet potato chips fried by microwave‐assisted vacuum frying (MVF) pretreated by ultrasound. Fresh sweet potato slices were pretreated at two different ultrasonic conditions: (1) ultrasound power of 150, 300, and 450 W for 20 min and (2) ultrasound power of 300 W for 10, 20, and 30 min. The pretreated samples were then fried by MVF. The dielectric properties, drying time, moisture content, oil uptake, texture, color, and microstructure profiles of the fried sweet potato chips were measured to determine the effects of ultrasound pretreatments on the quality of the fried sweet potato slices. This study found that the dielectric properties of the fresh sweet potato slices was significantly (p < .05) changed by ultrasound pretreatments. The moisture content and oil uptake of the fried sweet potato chips was reduced constantly by increasing the ultrasound pretreatments power and prolonging the processing time. The stronger ultrasound power and the longer processing time resulted into a crispier texture property of the fried sweet potato chips. However, the strong ultrasound power level and the prolonged processing time also caused the negative effect on the color preservation and cell integrity of fried samples. In conclusion, a proper ultrasound power level and time have to be selected to produce fried sweet potato chips with less oil uptake, crisper texture, and better appearance.Practical applicationsUltrasound pretreatments have great potential to improve the quality of fried food products. Ultrasound pretreatment before frying is a novel method for fabricating food products with healthier attributes, better appearance, more natural color and less frying time. The research found that, ultrasound pretreatments with proper ultrasound power level and processing time can produce higher quality products and shorten frying time.
Online referral and immediate appointment selection system empowers families and improves access to public community paediatric clinics
Authors: Kevat Ajay , Manohar Jacqui , Bate Nicole , Harris Katrina 
Published: September 2018

AimWe aimed to introduce a low‐cost combined online referral and immediate appointment selection system (CORIAS) to empower referrers and parents by allowing them to schedule an appointment at a time and location of their choosing in conjunction with the referrer at the time of referral. This was because an unacceptably high rate of reported lost referrals, combined with a high rate of failure to attend initial appointments (FTAs), was noted at a six‐site community paediatric clinic service. We aimed to analyse the impact of CORIAS on important outcomes including timely appointment scheduling, attendance, loss of referrals, user acceptance, overall cost and administrative burden.MethodsFor 3‐month periods before and after the implementation of CORIAS, data were collected regarding all new referrals received and initial appointments scheduled, as well as reports of lost referrals. The number of attended initial appointments, FTAs, failures in successfully scheduling appointments, referrer background, CORIAS cost and qualitative feedback received from relevant parties was collated and analysed.ResultsThe proportion of referrals reported lost was 6% following the implementation of the combined online system in comparison to 17% pre‐implementation. The FTA rate for scheduled initial appointments pre‐implementation was 16%; post‐implementation, the FTA rate was 9%. Qualitative benefits included a decrease in the administrative burden associated with appointment scheduling and increased service access for culturally and linguistically diverse families.ConclusionAppropriately designed and implemented novel online systems may improve timely and equitable access to health care by providing secure, reliable pathways for referrers and by empowering and improving communication with patients and families.
Survival analysis of caries incidence in African‐American school‐aged children
Authors: Ghazal Tariq S. , Levy Steven M. , Childers Noel K. , Carter Knute D. , Caplan Daniel J. , Warren John J. , Kolker Justine L. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractObjectivesTo conduct an assessment of time‐dependent covariates related to dental caries of the permanent dentition among a low socioeconomic status, understudied cohort of children, incorporating time‐dependent covariates through the application of extended Cox proportional hazards modeling.MethodsThis study modeled the time to first cavitated dental caries in permanent teeth among school‐aged children and assessed factors associated with this event. A cohort of 98 low socioeconomic status African‐American children with mean age of 5.85 years at baseline was recruited in Uniontown, Alabama and followed prospectively for 6 years. None of these children had dental caries on permanent teeth at baseline, and oral examinations were performed annually. Caries‐free survival curves were generated to describe time to event (having first decayed, filled, or missing permanent surface). Bivariate and multivariable extended Cox hazards modeling was used to assess the relationships between time‐dependent and time‐independent covariates and time to event.ResultsTwenty‐eight children (28.6 percent) had their first permanent tooth caries event during the 6‐year follow‐up. Multivariable results showed that greater consumption of water was associated with lower dental caries hazard, while previous primary tooth caries experience was associated with greater dental caries hazard after adjustment for frequency of consumptions of milk, added‐sugar beverages, and 100 percent juice.ConclusionsThere was a global/overall significant caries protective effect of water consumption during the school‐age period of child development.