bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Correlation between magnetic resonance imaging and the level of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in patients with estrogen receptor-negative HER2-positive breast cancer
Authors: Choi Woo Jung , Kim Youyeon , Cha Joo Hee , Shin Hee Jung , Chae Eun Young , Yoon Ga Young , Kim Hak Hee 
Published: May 2019

Background High levels of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) are associated with improved prognosis and response to therapy in patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive breast cancer. Purpose This study investigated the associations between TIL levels and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings in patients with estrogen receptor (ER)-negative HER-2 positive breast cancer. Material and Methods This study included 110 consecutive patients with surgically confirmed ER-negative HER2-positive breast cancers who underwent preoperative MRI from January to December 2015. Images of all lesions were reviewed in accordance with the BI-RADS lexicon by radiologists blinded to clinicopathologic findings. Tumor kinetic features were acquired by computer-aided diagnosis (CAD). Patients were divided into three TIL groups: low (<10%); intermediate (10–50%); and high (>50%). Associations between TIL levels and clinicopathologic and imaging features were evaluated; independent predictors of high and low TIL were identified by multiple logistic regression analysis. Results The 110 patients included 29 (26.4%) with low, 45 (40.9%) with intermediate, and 36 (32.7%) with high TIL levels. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that older age (odds ratio [OR] = 1.08; P = 0.017), high peak enhancement (OR = 1.01; P = 0.019), positive CK5/6 (OR = 4.36; P = 0.024), and low Ki-67 (OR = 14.29; P = 0.037) were significantly associated with low TILs; low peak enhancement (OR = 1.01; P = 0.020) was significantly associated with high TILs. Conclusion MRI features may predict TIL levels in patients with ER-negative HER-2 positive breast cancer, enhancing the ability to diagnose and treat these patients.
Relationship between newborn leptin levels and selected growth parameters
Authors: Sindiani Amer Mahmoud , Obeidat Rawan , Jbarah Omar , Hazaimeh Ethar 
Published: May 2019

Objectives This study aimed to determine leptin levels in term newborns who were born in the north of Jordan. We also aimed to investigate the relationships of leptin levels with fetal growth parameters, and to assess the difference in leptin levels according to sex and gestational age. Methods A cross-sectional descriptive study that involved 170 term newborns was conducted. A working sheet for data collection was created for each newborn and included sex, weight, length, head circumference, gestational age, and Apgar score. Blood samples were obtained from the umbilical cord vein of newborns after delivery to measure serum leptin levels. Data are shown as frequency, percentages, means, and standard deviations. Results We found that the mean leptin level was 1.17 ± 0.48 ng/mL. The independent t-test showed that the mean leptin level in boys (0.93 ± 0. 34 ng/mL) was significantly lower than that in girls (1.38 ± 0.47 ng/mL). Pearson’s correlations showed that leptin levels of newborns were positively and significantly correlated with weight, length, and head circumference. Conclusion In Jordanian healthy term newborns, leptin levels correlate with sex and intrauterine growth parameters.
Early onset of effect of onabotulinumtoxinA for chronic migraine treatment: Analysis of PREEMPT data
Authors: Dodick David W , Silberstein Stephen D , Lipton Richard B , DeGryse Ronald E , Adams Aubrey Manack , Diener Hans-Christoph 
Published: May 2019

Background The Phase 3 REsearch Evaluating Migraine Prophylaxis Therapy (PREEMPT) trials demonstrated efficacy/tolerability of onabotulinumtoxinA for headache prevention in adults with chronic migraine. This post hoc analysis assessed time of onset of onabotulinumtoxinA after the first treatment in total and responder populations and consistency weekly through five treatment cycles. Methods In the 24-week, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase of PREEMPT, individuals were randomized 1:1 to onabotulinumtoxinA (155-195 U) or placebo every 12 weeks for two cycles. The primary pooled efficacy variable was change in headache days per 28 days at week 24. We assessed change in headache and migraine/probable migraine (hereafter migraine) days/week compared with baseline week 4. Results Baseline mean (SD) headache days/week (week 4 of baseline) for onabotulinumtoxinA (n = 688) and placebo (n = 696) were similar (4.8 [1.6] vs. 4.8 [1.6] days/week, respectively), as were migraine days/week (4.6 [1.7] vs. 4.6 [1.7] days/week). The effect of onabotulinumtoxinA on change in headache and migraine days/week was significantly greater than placebo at week 1, persisting from week 3 after the first treatment (−1.6 [2.2] vs. −1.1 [2.2] headache days/week [  p < 0.001] and −1.6 [2.2] vs. −1.1 [2.2] migraine days/week [  p < 0.001]). Headache and migraine days decreased in onabotulinumtoxinA responders beginning 1 week after treatment 1. Conclusions Treatment with onabotulinumtoxinA is associated with significant reductions in headache and migraine days/week at week 1, persisting after week 3, compared with placebo. Combined with earlier reports showing onabotulinumtoxinA treatment results in a persistent and progressive reduction in headache days over 56 weeks, it is suggested peak benefit may require multiple treatments. Trial registration number ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT00156910 and NCT00168428.
Utility of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) in Children With Strabismus
Authors: Yoon Lira , Kim Hye-Young , Kwak Min Jung , Park Kyung Hee , Bae Mi Hye , Lee Yunjin , Nam Sang Ook , Choi Hee Young , Kim Young Mi 
Published: May 2019

Purpose: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain can provide valuable information about structural abnormalities in strabismus. The aim of this study was to evaluate the utility of MRI in this regard and to identify risk factors for abnormal MRI results in children with strabismus. Methods: A retrospective analysis of children <18 years of age presenting with strabismus, who underwent brain MRI at Pusan National University Hospital (Busan, Korea) between January 2012 and March 2017, was performed. Clinical characteristics, MRI results, and ophthalmologic findings were reviewed. Findings were classified as normal or abnormal according to MRI results. Additionally, patients were divided according to age to compare characteristics of infantile and childhood strabismus. Results: A total of 90 patients (47 [52.2%] male, 43 [47.8%] female; mean age, 2.19 ± 0.53 years) were enrolled. Of those, 64 (71.1%) presented with normal and 26 (28.9%) with abnormal MRI results. The age at presentation was lower and abnormal findings on fundus examination were more common in the abnormal MRI group ( P = .002 and P = .008, respectively). Among the patients, 46 (51.1%) had infantile strabismus and 44 (48.9%) had childhood strabismus. Global developmental delays, speech delays, and MRI abnormalities were more common in patients with infantile than in those with childhood strabismus. Ptosis and headaches were more common in patients with childhood strabismus ( P = .025, P = .025, respectively). Conclusion: Brain MRI was helpful for accurate diagnosis and treatment of strabismus in younger children, those with abnormal findings on fundus examination, and infants with developmental, especially speech, delays.
Assessing Application-Based Breastfeeding Education for Physicians and Nurses: A Scoping Review
Authors: Chuisano Samantha A. , Anderson Olivia S. 
Published: May 2019

Background Physicians and nurses are expected to support breastfeeding mothers. However, there is a lack of standardized lactation education throughout training programs and hospitals. As a result, providers lack the necessary confidence and skills to guide mothers throughout the breastfeeding experience. The hands-on nature of breastfeeding management demands the implementation of application-based learning tools to improve skills retention and patient breastfeeding outcomes. Research aim In this scoping review, we aimed to critically assess the types of application-based breastfeeding management learning tools reported within medical and nursing professions and the evaluation methods of learner and patient outcomes. Methods The authors searched the literature to identify peer-reviewed articles published between 2000 and 2018 with medical or nursing students, residents, or professionals as the target learner group in an application-based educational intervention. Both authors independently assessed the content in the resulting articles, with specific focus on teaching methods, curricular development, and the learning outcomes reported within each study. Results Ten articles matched the inclusion criteria and were included in the final review, including five studies from the medical field and five from the field of nursing. Use of real patients was a common method for application-based skills training, followed by role playing and use of standardized patients. Teaching and evaluation methods varied widely across the studies. Conclusion The results align with existing literature in finding a dearth of high-quality studies assessing breastfeeding education among physicians and nurses. The variability in teaching and evaluation methods indicates a lack of standardization in breastfeeding education between institutions.
Evaluation of postoperative pain and toxicological aspects of the use of dipyrone and tramadol in cats
Authors: Teixeira Luciana G , Martins Letícia R , Schimites Paula I , Dornelles Guilherme L , Aiello Graciane , Oliveira Juliana S , da Silva Filipe C , Brum Bárbara TS , Walter Thais MC , Andrade Cinthia M , Soares André V 
Published: May 2019

Objectives The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of dipyrone and tramadol, used for 5 days, on postoperative pain, hematological and biochemical parameters, and oxidative markers on erythrocytes. Methods Twenty-eight healthy cats underwent ovariohysterectomy and were randomly allocated to four groups (each n = 7), according to the postoperative treatment administered intravenously: control (saline 1 ml q8h), DIP1 (dipyrone 25 mg/kg q24h), DIP2 (dipyrone 25 mg/kg q12h) and DIP3 (dipyrone 25 mg/kg q8h). All animals received tramadol (2 mg/kg q8h). Pain was assessed by visual analog (VAS), multidimensional UNESP and Glasgow pain scales for cats preoperatively and at 3, 6, 12, 24, 36 and 48 h after extubation. Venous blood was collected daily for 5 days, and on day 10, to perform a complete blood count (CBC) and determine the percentage of Heinz bodies (HBs). Serum biochemistry was evaluated preoperatively and on days 5 and 10; superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), myeloperoxidase (MPO) and lipoperoxidation were evaluated preoperatively and on days 3, 5 and 10. Results Control cats had higher pain scores than DIP3 cats by UNESP ( P = 0.0065), and DIP2 ( P = 0.0035) and DIP3 cats ( P = 0.0108) by VAS 3 h postoperatively. Rescue analgesia was required by two animals in the control group and one each in the DIP1 and DIP2 groups. There was no difference in SOD or CAT among groups. On day 5, MPO was more active in DIP2 than in DIP3 cats ( P = 0.0274). No difference in lipoperoxidation among treatment and control cats was found. CBC remained constant and without statistical difference among groups. Control, DIP2 and DIP3 cats presented a similar percentage of HBs on day 10. Biochemical variables were similar among groups and times. Conclusions and relevance The administration of dipyrone in cats, when used in combination with tramadol, did not ensure better analgesia than tramadol alone. Dipyrone did not significantly affect biochemical variables and oxidative markers, despite minimal, clinically irrelevant, hematological differences between groups.
Correlation between the distance from the pubic symphysis to the sacrum with pelvic incidence
Authors: Abola Matthew V , Knapik Derrick M , Cooperman Daniel R , Liu Raymond W 
Published: May 2019

Introduction: The distance between the pubic symphysis and sacrococcygeal joint has been noted as an important parameter in evaluating pelvic tilt in an anteroposterior (AP) radiograph. Similarly, pelvic incidence measures the sagittal balance of the pelvis and is influenced by pelvic rotation. The relationship between these 2 parameters is unknown and could affect interpretation of pelvic AP radiographs. Methods: We reconstructed 248 cadaveric pelvises. Pelvic incidence was measured using a previously validated method. Pubic symphysis-sacrococcygeal joint (PSS) height was measured from the superior pubic tubercle to the sacrococcygeal joint. The pelvises were positioned so that the anterior pelvis lay flush with the surface. A ruler was zeroed on the pubic tubercles and a transverse projecting laser was used to measure the height to the sacrococcygeal joint. Results: A total of 248 pelvises were reconstructed. Average age of death of the specimens was 33±6.0 years. 80% of the pelvises were male, 56% were Caucasian, and 44% African American. The mean PSS height was 2.2 ± 1.4 cm and mean PI was 44.3° ± 10.6°. Multiple regression analysis found PI and PSS height were not correlated ( p = 0.144). Females had a larger PSS height than males (beta = 1.17, p < 0.001) and African Americans a larger PSS height than Caucasians (beta = 0.63, p < 0.001). Conclusions: This study provides useful information for clinicians in evaluating AP radiographs of the pelvis in that it supports the use of PSS height to judge the adequacy of a radiograph even in the context of abnormal pelvic incidence.
The Effect of Hypoalbuminemia on the Therapeutic Concentration and Dosage of Vancomycin in Critically Ill Septic Patients in Low-Resource Countries
Authors: Kovacevic Tijana , Miljkovic Branislava , Mikov Momir , Stojisavljevic Satara Svjetlana , Dragic Sasa , Momcicevic Danica , Kovacevic Pedja 
Published: May 2019

Purpose: To determine whether severe hypoalbuminemia (<25 mg/L) has a significant effect on serum levels of vancomycin and whether it can effect vancomycin dosage regimen and the loading dose administration. Material and Methods: Prospective, cohort, and a single-center study included 61 patients whose vancomycin serum levels were measured in steady state. Vancomycin trough levels ( C min) that were in the range 15 to 20 µg/mL were considered therapeutic and trough levels higher than 15 µg/mL were considered potentially nephrotoxic. Results: In the group of patients with severe hypoalbuminemia, C min was significantly higher compared to the those with nonsevere hypoalbuminemia (>25 mg/L; 23.04 [19.14] vs 13.28 [11.28], P = .01). In the group of patients who received the vancomycin loading dose of 2 g, C min was significantly higher in patients with severe hypoalbuminemia compared to the patients with nonsevere hypoalbuminemia (34.52 [25.93] vs 15.37 [10.48], P = .04). Conclusion: In critically ill septic patients with severe hypoalbuminemia, there is a high probability that the loading dose of vancomycin is not necessary since it is associated with potentially toxic vancomycin C min, while in the patients with nonsevere hypoalbuminemia the loading dose may be necessary to achieving therapeutic C min.
Innervation of the acromioclavicular joint by the suprascapular nerve
Authors: Borbas Paul , Eid Karim , Ek Eugene T , Feigl Georg 
Published: May 2019

Background The suprascapular nerve is largely responsible for the majority of the sensory innervation of the acromioclavicular joint. In this anatomical study, we describe, in detail, the anatomy of the sensory innervation of the acromioclavicular joint by the branches of the suprascapular nerve. Methods Twenty-seven shoulders from 17 cadaveric specimens were carefully dissected to identify the course of the suprascapular nerve, with the main focus being on the sensory innervation of the acromioclavicular joint. Nine specific measurements of the acromioclavicular joint sensory nerves were made of each shoulder in relation to distinct anatomical landmarks to determine the mean location and course of these nerves. Results In all 27 shoulders (100%), a sensory branch to the acromioclavicular joint with a proximal origin from the suprascapular nerve could be depicted (“first sensory branch”). The mean length of this branch was 4.3 cm (range: 3.3–5.3 cm). In 14 shoulders (52%), a further sensory branch of the suprascapular nerve innervating the posterior acromioclavicular joint capsule could be identified (“second sensory branch”). Discussion A detailed anatomical description of the sensory innervation of the acromioclavicular joint from suprascapular nerve branches was performed, which can potentially aid in the development of more focused anesthetic blockades and acromioclavicular joint denervation procedures.
Leisure time and occupational physical activity, resting heart rate and mortality in the Arctic region of Norway: The Finnmark Study
Authors: Hermansen Rune , Jacobsen Bjarne K , Løchen Maja-Lisa , Morseth Bente 
Published: May 2019

Aims This study examined the association of leisure time physical activity, occupational physical activity, and resting heart rate with all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality in Sami and non-Sami populations. Study design This was a longitudinal, observational population-based study. Methods The Finnmark 3 study cohort was examined in 1987–1988 and followed for all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality for 26 years. The cohort included 17,697 men and women with a mean age of 47.2 years at baseline. Leisure time physical activity and occupational physical activity were assessed with a validated questionnaire at baseline, whereas cause of death was obtained from the Norwegian Cause of Death Registry. Results A total of 1983 women and 3147 men died during follow-up. Leisure time physical activity was linearly and inversely associated with all-cause mortality, but not coronary heart disease mortality. Compared to inactive subjects, all-cause mortality was significantly reduced by 16% in the active leisure time physical activity group (hazard ratio 0.84; 95% confidence interval 0.76–0.92). Both for all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality, we observed a U-shaped relationship with occupational physical activity, as participants in the walking and lifting group had significantly lower mortality than both the mostly sedentary and the heavy manual labour group ( p < 0.05). An increase in resting heart rate by one beat per minute was associated with a 1.1% increase in all-cause mortality (hazard ratio 1.011; 95% confidence interval 1.009–1.013). The associations were similar in Sami and non-Sami subjects. Conclusion In this population-based study, leisure time physical activity was inversely associated with all-cause mortality, whereas resting heart rate was positively associated with all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality. There was a U-shaped association between occupational physical activity and cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality.
Exploring the interplay between job strain and different domains of physical activity on the incidence of coronary heart disease in adult men
Authors: Ferrario Marco M , Veronesi Giovanni , Roncaioli Mattia , Holtermann Andreas , Krause Niklas , Clays Els , Borchini Rossana , Grassi Guido , Cesana Giancarlo ,   on behalf of The Cohorts Collaborative Study in Northern Italy (CCSNI) Research Group
Published: May 2019

AimsThe aim of this study was to investigate the independent associations of occupational (OPA) and sport physical activity (SpPA) and job strain on the incidence of coronary heart disease (CHD) events, and to explore their interplay.MethodsThe study sample included 3310 25–64-year-old employed men, free of CHD at baseline, recruited in three population-based and one factory-based cohorts. OPA and SpPA, and job strain were assessed by the Baecke and the Job Content Questionnaires, respectively. We estimated the associations between different domains of physical activity and job strain with CHD, adjusting for major risk factors using Cox models.ResultsDuring follow-up (median=14 years), 120 CHD events, fatal and non-fatal, occurred. In the entire sample, a higher CHD risk was found for high job strain (hazard ratio=1.55, 95% confidence interval: 1.05–2.31). The joint effect of low OPA and high job strain was estimated as a hazard ratio of 2.53 (1.29–4.97; reference intermediate OPA with non-high strain). With respect to intermediate OPA workers, in stratified analysis when SpPA is none, low OPA workers had a hazard ratio of 2.13 (95% confidence interval: 1.19–3.81), increased to 3.95 (1.79–8.78) by the presence of high job strain. Low OPA–high job strain workers take great advantage from SpPA, reducing their risk up to 90%. In contrast, the protective effect of SpPA on CHD in other OPA–job strain categories was modest or even absent, in particular when OPA is high.ConclusionsOur study shows a protective effect of recommended and intermediate SpPA levels on CHD risk among sedentary male workers. When workers are jointly exposed to high job strain and sedentary work their risk further increases, but this group benefits most from regular sport physical activity.
Augmented rotations in virtual reality for users with a reduced range of head movement
Authors: Norouzi Nahal , Bölling Luke , Bruder Gerd , Welch Greg 
Published: May 2019

Introduction: A large body of research in the field of virtual reality is focused on making user interfaces more natural and intuitive by leveraging natural body movements to explore a virtual environment. For example, head-tracked user interfaces allow users to naturally look around a virtual space by moving their head. However, such approaches may not be appropriate for users with temporary or permanent limitations of their head movement. Methods: In this paper, we present techniques that allow these users to get virtual benefits from a reduced range of physical movements. Specifically, we describe two techniques that augment virtual rotations relative to physical movement thresholds. Results: We describe how each of the two techniques can be implemented with either a head tracker or an eye tracker, e.g. in cases when no physical head rotations are possible. Conclusions: We discuss their differences and limitations and we provide guidelines for the practical use of such augmented user interfaces.
Positive Patient Response to a Structured Exercise Program Delivered in Inpatient Psychiatry
Authors: Tomasi David , Gates Sheri , Reyns Emily 
Published: May 2019

Background The complexity of diagnostic presentations of an inpatient psychiatry population requires an integrative approach to health and well-being. In this sense, the primary need of this research aims at developing clinical strategies and healthier coping skills for anger, anxiety, and depression; promoting self-esteem, healthier sleep, and anxiety reduction; as well as enhancing mood and emotional–behavioral regulation via exercise and nutrition education. Objectives The primary objective is to promote exercise, fitness, and physical health in inpatient psychiatry patients. The secondary objective includes therapeutic management of depressive symptoms and patient-centered approach to mania, angry outbursts, and generalized disruptive behavior. The tertiary objective is promoting research in the psychophysiological effectors of exercise and nutrition education in combination with psychotherapy. Method Monitoring self-reported changes in mood and general well-being via administration of surveys and questionnaires pre- and postexercise sessions. Results The research yielded positive outcomes in all areas investigated, suggesting the positive effects of exercise and mind–body strategies in the context of psychotherapy in inpatient psychiatry. Conclusion Physical exercise may be a helpful way to reduce mental health disorders in the context of inpatient psychiatry by targeting anxiety, depression, anger, psychomotor agitation, and muscle tension and addressing stressors and triggers and to develop a more balanced and integrated sense of self.