bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antioxidative potential of antidiabetic agents: A possible protective mechanism against vascular complications in diabetic patients
Authors: Yaribeygi Habib , Butler Alexandra E. , Barreto George E. , Sahebkar Amirhossein 
Published: September 2018

AbstractMany vascular complications are related to exposure of tissues to elevated levels of glucose, a condition that promotes oxidative stress. The primary goal of antidiabetic medication is for normalization of blood glucose. However, antidiabetic medications may have antioxidant effects that go beyond their hypoglycemic influences. Therefore, antidiabetic drugs may be doubly beneficial in preventing diabetic complications. Vascular dysfunction due to uncontrolled diabetes is a serious complication of the disease and one which has a severe impact on quality of life. Readjustment of the oxidative balance in subjects with diabetes, and the positive effects thereof is a topic of intense interest at present. In the current review, we highlight the antioxidant effects of antidiabetic medications which may prevent or delay the onset of vascular dysfunction.
BI1 alleviates cardiac microvascular ischemia‐reperfusion injury via modifying mitochondrial fission and inhibiting XO/ROS/F‐actin pathways
Authors: Zhou Hao , Wang Jin , Hu Shunying , Zhu Hong , Toan Sam , Ren Jun 
Published: September 2018

AbstractPathogenesis of cardiac microvascular ischemia‐reperfusion (IR) injury is associated with excessive mitochondrial fission. However, the upstream mediator of mitochondrial fission remains obscure. Bax inhibitor 1 (BI1) is linked to multiple mitochondrial functions, and there have been no studies investigating the contribution of BI1 on mitochondrial fission in the setting of cardiac microvascular IR injury. This study was undertaken to establish the action of BI1 on the cardiac microvascular reperfusion injury and figure out whether BI1 sustained endothelial viability via inhibiting mitochondrial fission. Our observation indicated that BI1 was downregulated in reperfused hearts and overexpression of BI1 attenuated microvascular IR injury. Mechanistically, reperfusion injury elevated the levels of xanthine oxidase (XO), an effect that was followed by increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Subsequently, oxidative stress mediated F‐actin depolymerization and the latter promoted mitochondrial fission. Aberrant fission caused mitochondrial dysfunction and ultimately activated mitochondrial apoptosis in cardiac microvascular endothelial cells. By comparison, BI1 overexpression repressed XO expression and thus neutralized ROS, interrupting F‐actin‐mediated mitochondrial fission. The inhibitory effect of BI1 on mitochondrial fission sustained endothelial viability, reversed endothelial barrier integrity, attenuated the microvascular inflammation response, and maintained microcirculation patency. Altogether, we conclude that BI1 is essential in maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis and alleviating cardiac microvascular IR injury. Deregulated BI1 via the XO/ROS/F‐actin pathways plays a causative role in the development of cardiac microvascular reperfusion injury.
A Comparative Study Between Allometric Scaling and Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling for the Prediction of Drug Clearance From Neonates to Adolescents
Authors: Mahmood Iftekhar , Tegenge Million A. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe objective of this study was to compare the predictive performance of an allometric model with that of a physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model to predict clearance or area under the concentration‐time curve (AUC) of drugs in subjects from neonates to adolescents. From the literature, 10 studies were identified in which clearance or AUC of drugs from neonates to adolescents was predicted by PBPK models. In these published studies, drugs were given to children either by intravenous or oral route. The allometric model was an age‐dependent exponent (ADE) model for the prediction of clearance across the age groups. The predicted clearance or AUC values from the PBPK and ADE models were compared with the experimental values. The acceptable prediction error was the percentage of subjects within an 0.5‐ to 2‐fold or 0.5‐ to 1.5‐fold prediction error. There were 73 drugs with a total of 372 observations. From PBPK and allometric models, 91.1% and 90.6% of observations were within 0.5‐ to 2‐fold prediction error, respectively. For children ≤2 years old (n = 130), PBPK and allometric models had 89% and 87% of observations within the 0.5‐ to 2‐fold prediction error, respectively. This study indicates that the predictive power of PBPK and allometric models was essentially similar for the prediction of clearance or AUC in pediatric subjects ranging from neonates to adolescents.
Selective Syntheses and Properties of Anionic Surfactants Derived from Isosorbide
Authors: Cho Jung‐Eun , Sim Dae‐Seon , Kim Young‐Wun , Lim Jongchoo , Jeong Noh‐Hee , Kang Ho‐Cheol 
Published: September 2018

AbstractTwo series of anionic surfactants (endo‐5‐O‐alkyl isosorbide‐2‐O‐propyl sulfonic acid sodium salt and exo‐2‐O‐alkyl isosorbide‐5‐O‐propyl sulfonic acid sodium salt) with straight alkyl chains (hexyl, octyl, decyl, and dodecyl) were synthesized from isosorbide derived from biomass, through steps of allylation, alkylation, and sulfonation. The selectivity and efficiency of the reactions were optimized by adjusting the solvent, catalyst, reactant molar ratio, and temperature. The product 2‐O‐allyl isosorbide was obtained with a yield of 81% and selectivity of 23:1 (endo:exo), and 2‐O‐alkyl isosorbide was obtained with a yield of 72% and selectivity of 24:1 (exo:endo). The synthesized anionic surfactants were characterized using the critical micelle concentration (CMC), surface activity, emulsion stability, foaming height, and the Turbiscan Stability Index. The CMC decreased with increasing alkyl chain length. The properties of endo form and exo form were compared.
Sustainable control strategies for plant protection and food packaging sectors by natural substances and novel nanotechnological approaches
Authors: Fortunati Elena , Mazzaglia Angelo , Balestra Giorgio M 
Published: September 2018

AbstractAn overview is provided of the current technological strategies (also at the nanoscale level) recently involved in plant and/or food protection. In addition, the potential use of natural and sustainable substances, instead of traditional synthesized molecules or chemical‐based compounds, is addressed both with respect to packaging systems and novel pesticide formulations. In this context, nanotechnological approaches represent promising strategies for the entire agriculture industry chain, from the field to consumers.Traditional plant protection strategies are often insufficient and the application of chemical‐based pesticides has negative effects on animals, humans and the environment. Novel greener tools could represent efficient alternatives for the management of plant diseases using promising strategies; the use of nanotechnologies allows the promotion of the more efficient assembly and subsequent release of environmentally sustainable active principles, limiting the use of chemicals in terms of economic losses.At the same time, new sustainable, antimicrobial and antioxidant systems have been rapidly promoted and investigated in the food packaging sector as a valid eco‐friendly possibility for improving the safety and quality of food products and reducing and/or limiting the environmental impact with respect to traditional materials. Together, the scientific community and the growing interest of consumers have promoted the development of new edible and eco‐friendly packaging that reduces waste and any environmental impact.In this context, the aim is to provide evidence of the usefulness of strategies aiming to limit agrochemicals, as well as the potential of nanomaterials, in sustainable plant and food protection for agriculture management and the packaging sector. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Quality evaluation and traceability of Bletilla striata by fluorescence fingerprint coupled with multiway chemometrics analysis
Authors: Hu Leqian , Ma Shuai , Yin Chunling , Liu Zhimin 
Published: September 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDTraditional methods of evaluating herbs were mainly based on chromatographic techniques. They usually included tedious sample preparation procedures, taking tens of minutes to hours, and consume solvents as well as standards for external calibration. In this paper, the feasibility of employing a fluorescence fingerprint coupled with multi‐way chemometrics analysis for quality evaluation and traceability of Bletilla striata were investigated.RESULTSRelative concentrations of four markers presented in B. striata were determined by using a four‐component self‐weighted alternating trilinear decomposition (SWATLD) model. These markers could be applied to accurate classification and quality control of B. striata samples from different regions. Furthermore, multiway principal component analysis, multilinear partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS‐DA), unfolded PLS‐DA, and SWATLD‐PLS‐DA models were applied to classify the B. striata samples according to their geographic origins. Consistent results were obtained showing that B. striata samples could be successfully grouped based on their geographical origins and quality.CONCLUSIONOur results revealed that the method developed can be used for quality evaluation and traceability of B. striata. Compared with the chromatographic methods, the method employed in this study was more convenient, simpler, and more sensitive. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Ecopipam, a D1 receptor antagonist, for treatment of tourette syndrome in children: A randomized, placebo‐controlled crossover study
Authors: Gilbert Donald L. , Murphy Tanya K. , Jankovic Joseph , Budman Cathy L. , Black Kevin J. , Kurlan Roger M. , Coffman Keith A. , McCracken James T. , Juncos Jorge , Grant Jon E. , Chipkin Richard E. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractBackground: Dopamine D2 receptor antagonists used to treat Tourette syndrome may have inadequate responses or intolerable side effects. We present results of a 4‐week randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled crossover study evaluating the safety, tolerability, and efficacy of the D1 receptor antagonist ecopipam in children and adolescents with Tourette syndrome.
Methods: Forty youth aged 7 to 17 years with Tourette syndrome and a Yale Global Tic Severity Scale – total tic score of ≥20 were enrolled and randomized to either ecopipam (50 mg/day for weight of <34 kg, 100 mg/day for weight of >34 kg) or placebo for 30 days, followed by a 2‐week washout and then crossed to the alternative treatment for 30 days. Stimulants and tic‐suppressing medications were excluded. The primary outcome measure was the total tic score. Secondary outcomes included obsessive compulsive and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder scales.
Results: Relative to changes in placebo, reduction in total tic score was greater for ecopipam at 16 days (mean difference, ‐3.7; 95% CI, ‐6.5 to ‐0.9; P = 0.011) and 30 days (mean difference, ‐3.2; 95% CI, ‐6.1 to ‐0.3; P = 0.033). There were no weight gain, drug‐induced dyskinesias, or changes in laboratory tests, electrocardiograms, vital signs, or comorbid symptoms. Dropout rate was 5% (2 of 40). Adverse events reported for both treatments were rated predominantly mild to moderate, with only 5 rated severe (2 for ecopipam and 3 for placebo).Conclusions: Ecopipam reduced tics and was well tolerated. This placebo‐controlled study of ecopipam supports further clinical trials in children and adolescents with Tourette syndrome. © 2018 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Stiff person syndrome with Anti‐GAD65 antibodies within the national veterans affairs health administration
Authors: Galli Jonathan R. , Austin Sharon D. , Greenlee John E. , Clardy Stacey L. 
Published: September 2018

ABSTRACTIntroduction: Stiff person syndrome (SPS) is a neurological disorder characterized by muscle rigidity primarily in the truncal muscles, commonly associated with autoantibodies to the glutamic acid‐decarboxylase 65 kD receptor (GAD65). There is limited epidemiological information on patients with SPS. Methods: We performed a retrospective case review using the National United States Veterans Affairs Health Administration electronic medical record system. We analyzed prevalence, demographics, disease characteristics, and treatment outcomes in SPS patients who were anti‐GAD65 antibody positive. Results: Fifteen patients met our criteria. Point prevalence was 2.06 per million, and period prevalence was 2.71 per million. Men to women ratio was 14:1. All patients benefitted from treatment with symptomatic antispasmodic agents. Ten of 15 patients received intravenous immunoglobulin, with a majority demonstrating stable or improved modified Rankin scores. Discussion: This investigation was a large North American epidemiological study of SPS with predominantly male patients. Symptomatic therapy was beneficial for most patients, with less clear sustained benefit of immunotherapy. Muscle Nerve 58:801–804, 2018
Precolonial/early colonial human burials from the site of White Marl, Jamaica: New findings from recent rescue excavations
Authors: Mickleburgh Hayley L. , Laffoon Jason E. , Pagán Jiménez Jaime R. , Mol Angus A.A. , Walters Selvenious , Beier Zachary J.M. , Hofman Corinne L. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe recent excavation of three human burials at White Marl, Jamaica (AD900–1500), presented an important opportunity to garner new insight into precolonial life and death on Jamaica. The study, undertaken as a part of a collaborative heritage mitigation programme in the wake of planned infrastructural development of parts of the site, focused on burial practices and ancient diet and mobility. The results reveal that the burial treatment of these three individuals is consistent with contemporaneous practices observed throughout the Caribbean in regard to burial location, body treatment, body position, and grave goods. The radiocarbon dates of the three individuals are consistent with a long occupation span of the site (cal.AD1221–1641) and additionally reveal the possibility that one of the individuals (Burial 3) lived during the Spanish colonial occupation of the island. Carbon and nitrogen isotopic analysis of bone collagen of the three individuals indicates a relatively low marine protein contribution to the diet. Carbon isotope values from tooth enamel are consistent with whole diets dominated by C3‐plants. Starch grains identified in dental calculus indicate that, similar to contemporaneous sites throughout the region, White Marl inhabitants were consuming arrowroot, palms, achira, maize, and wild beans. Plant preparation techniques included grinding, roasting, and toasting. In addition, the tentative identification of aTheobroma cacaostarch grain in Burial 1 represents the first finding of precolonial cocoa in the Caribbean islands. Expansion of the strontium isotope programme is needed to improve our understanding of the mobility of the White Marl population; however, tentative assessment of the results suggests that Burial 2 may have originated from elsewhere on the island of Jamaica.
Bioarchaeological perspectives to diachronic life quality and mobility in ancient Boeotia, central Greece: Preliminary insights from Akraiphia
Authors: Nikita Efthymia , Schrock Chelsey , Sabetai Victoria , Vlachogianni Elena 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe current paper examines issues of diachronic life quality and mobility in Boeotia, central Greece. Boeotia is a region with a tumultuous history as its strategic location facilitated its active involvement in major socio‐political events, such as the Peloponnesian war, the Third Sacred War, Roman invasions, and civil conflicts, to list just a few. The bioarchaeological study of 293 skeletons from the Akraiphia cemetery aimed at testing whether the Hellenistic period and early Roman era were more stressful than preceding time periods, as attested by historical evidence, as well as whether the Roman era was characterised by increased human mobility, as expected on the basis of isotopic studies from other parts of the Roman Empire. The combination of palaeopathological lesions, nonspecific stress markers, and dental wear supported increased hardship for the Akraiphia population during the Hellenistic, Roman, and post‐Roman periods, as well as similar living conditions for men and women diachronically. Finally, biodistances calculated on the basis of dental nonmetric traits suggested a phenetic divergence between the Hellenistic period and the Roman era, likely linked with increased human mobility within the Roman Empire.
Adherence trajectories of buprenorphine therapy among pregnant women in a large state Medicaid program in the United States
Authors: Lo‐Ciganic Wei‐Hsuan , Donohue Julie M. , Kim Joo Yeon , Krans Elizabeth E. , Jones Bobby L. , Kelley David , James Alton E. , Jarlenski Marian P. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractPurposeLittle is known about the longitudinal patterns of buprenorphine adherence among pregnant women with opioid use disorder, especially when late initiation, nonadherence, or early discontinuation of buprenorphine during pregnancy may increase the risk of adverse outcomes. We aimed to identify distinct trajectories of buprenorphine use during pregnancy, and factors associated with these trajectories in Medicaid‐enrolled pregnant women.MethodsA retrospective cohort study included 2361 Pennsylvania Medicaid enrollees aged 15 to 46 having buprenorphine therapy during pregnancy and a live birth between 2008 and 2015. We used group‐based trajectory models to identify buprenorphine use patterns in the 40 weeks prior to delivery and 12 weeks postdelivery. Multivariable multinomial logistic regression models were used to identify factors associated with specific trajectories.ResultsSix distinct trajectories were identified. Four groups initiated buprenorphine during the first trimester of the pregnancy (early initiators): 31.6% with persistently high adherence, 15.1% with moderate‐to‐high adherence, 10.5% with declining adherence, and 16.7% with early discontinuation. Two groups did not initiate buprenorphine until midsecond or third trimester (late initiators): 13.5% had moderate‐to‐high adherence and 12.6% had low‐to‐moderate adherence. Factors significantly associated with late initiation and discontinuation were younger age, non‐white race, residents of rural counties, fewer outpatient visits, more frequent emergency department visits and hospitalizations, and lower buprenorphine daily dose.ConclusionsSix buprenorphine treatment trajectories during pregnancy were identified in this population‐based Medicaid cohort, with 25% of women initiating buprenorphine late during pregnancy. Understanding trajectories of buprenorphine use and factors associated with discontinuation/nonadherence may guide integration of behavioral treatment with obstetrical/gynecological care to improve buprenorphine treatment during pregnancy.
In utero beta‐2‐adrenergic agonists exposure and risk of epilepsy: A Danish nationwide population‐based cohort study
Authors: Chen Jianping , Liang Hong , Miao Maohua , Su Xiujuan , Yang Fen , Thomsen Reimar W. , Yuan Wei , Li Jiong 
Published: September 2018

AbstractPurposeTo examine the association between maternal use of beta‐2‐adrenergic agonists (β2AAs) and the risk of epilepsy in offspring.MethodsA nationwide retrospective cohort study was performed based on Danish registries. Children of mothers who used β2AAs during pregnancy were allocated to the exposed group and other children to the unexposed group. The outcome was a diagnosis of epilepsy. Cox regression was performed to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) of epilepsy after adjusting for parental and children factors. To evaluate confounding by indication, we extended the exposure time window from 2 years before pregnancy and stratified the analyses by maternal asthma, in particular analyses by trimesters.ResultsThe exposed children had a 1.24‐fold risk of epilepsy (HR = 1.24, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.12, 1.38). Compared with no prenatal exposure from 2 years before pregnancy through delivery, the HR was 1.11 (95% CI: 1.01, 1.22) in children of mothers with β2AAs use only before pregnancy, 1.28 (95% CI: 1.09, 1.50) only during pregnancy, and 1.23 (95% CI: 1.07, 1.41) both before and during pregnancy. The increased risk was only observed in children of mothers with β2AAs use in the first (HR = 1.33, 95% CI: 1.01, 1.75) or second trimesters (HR = 1.35, 95% CI: 1.05, 1.74), but not the third trimester.ConclusionsIn utero exposure to β2AAs, particularly in the first or second trimesters, may be associated with an increased risk of epilepsy. It may partly be due to the indication of β2AAs use, but a direct effect of β2AAs cannot be ruled out.
Optimizing band selection for spectral detection of Aphis glycines Matsumura in soybean
Authors: Alves Tavvs M , Moon Roger D , MacRae Ian V , Koch Robert L 
Published: September 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDSoybean aphid, Aphis glycines Matsumura (Hemiptera: Aphididae), is a significant insect pest of soybean in North America. Accurate estimation of A. glycines densities requires costly, time‐intensive weekly counts of adults and nymphs on plants. Field studies were conducted in 2013 and 2014 to assess the potential for spectral‐based remote sensing to more efficiently quantify cumulative aphid‐days (CADs) using soybean canopy reflectance.RESULTSNarrow‐band wavelengths in the near‐infrared spectral range were associated with CAD, but those in the visible spectral range were not associated with CAD. Simple linear regression models of CAD on reflectance were generally better than quadratic and cubic regression models. Simulated wide‐band sensors centered at 740–1100 nm yielded better regression models than ones centered at 600–740 nm, regardless of bandwidth. Among the simulated wide‐band sensors, increasing sensor bandwidth worsened CAD estimation or required more simulated sensors to optimize CAD estimation. Optimal combinations of spectral bands explained 83–96% of the experimentally manipulated variation in CAD.CONCLUSIONNear‐infrared wavelengths at 780 ± 50 nm can effectively estimate A. glycines abundance on soybean. Our approach of simulating wide‐band multispectral sensors from ground‐based hyperspectral data helped to refine spectral sensors and holds potential to reduce the cost and complexity of treat/no‐treat classification tasks. This study will contribute to future research aiming to quantify insect injury using customized commercial‐grade sensors for detection, quantification, and differentiation of A. glycines from other stressors. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Collaborative distributed design for wireless control systems with Markovian‐type control network and distributed network‐induced time delays
Authors: Wen Jiwei , Nguang Sing Kiong , Zhao Xudong 
Published: September 2018

SummaryIn this paper, collaborative distributed dynamic output‐feedback control problem is investigated for a class of wireless control systems with Markovian‐type control network and distributed network‐induced delays. The network consists of a set of interconnected nodes characterized by a directed graph with an adjacency matrix that specifies space distribution (ie, interconnection topology). Each node of wireless control systems not only routes information but also performs its local control. We assume measurements and distributed network‐induced delays are subject to two independent Markovian chains. It is shown that the collaborative distributed dynamic output‐feedback approach offers better performances compared with noncollaborative distributed control approach. An irrigation canal system is used to demonstrate practical potentials of the developed control strategy.