bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modeling Resident Spending Behavior During Sport Events: Do Residents Contribute to Economic Impact?
Authors: Agha Nola , Taks Marijke 
Published: September 2018

The role of residents in the calculation of economic impact remains a point of contention. It is unclear if changes in resident spending caused by an event contribute positively, negatively, or not at all. Building on previous theory, we develop a comprehensive model that explains all 72 possible behaviors of residents based on changes in (a) spending, (b) multiplier, (c) timing of expenditures, and (d) geographic location of spending. Applying the model to Super Bowl 50 indicates that few residents were affected and positive and negative effects were relatively equivalent; thus, their overall impact is negligible. This leaves practitioners the option to engage in the challenging process of gathering data on all four variables on all residents or to revert back to the old model of entirely excluding residents from economic impact. From a theoretical perspective, there is a pressing need to properly conceptualize the time variable in economic impact studies.
Demographic and clinical factors associated with different antidepressant treatments: a retrospective cohort study design in a UK psychiatric healthcare setting
Authors: Fernandes Andrea C , Chandran David , Khondoker Mizanur , Dewey Michael , Shetty Hitesh , Dutta Rina , Stewart Robert 
Published: September 2018

ObjectiveTo investigate the demographic and clinical factors associated with antidepressant use for depressive disorder in a psychiatric healthcare setting using a retrospective cohort study design.SettingData were extracted from a de-identified data resource sourced from the electronic health records of a London mental health service. Relative risk ratios (RRRs) were obtained from multinomial logistic regression analysis to ascertain the probability of receiving common antidepressant treatments relative to sertraline.ParticipantsPatients were included if they received mental healthcare and a diagnosis of depression with antidepressant treatment between March and August 2015 and exposures were measured over the preceding 12 months.ResultsOlder age was associated with increased use of all antidepressants compared with sertraline, except for negative associations with fluoxetine (RRR 0.98; 95% CI 0.96 to 0.98) and a combination of two selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) (0.98; 95% CI 0.96 to 0.99), and no significant association with escitalopram. Male gender was associated with increased use of mirtazapine compared with sertraline (2.57; 95% CI 1.85 to 3.57). Previous antidepressant, antipsychotic and mood stabiliser use were associated with newer antidepressant use (ie, selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, mirtazapine or a combination of both), while affective symptoms were associated with reduced use of citalopram (0.58; 95% CI 0.27 to 0.83) and fluoxetine (0.42; 95% CI 0.22 to 0.72) and somatic symptoms were associated with increased use of mirtazapine (1.60; 95% CI 1.00 to 2.75) relative to sertraline. In patients older than 25 years, past benzodiazepine use was associated with a combination of SSRIs (2.97; 95% CI 1.32 to 6.68), mirtazapine (1.94; 95% CI 1.20 to 3.16) and venlafaxine (1.87; 95% CI 1.04 to 3.34), while past suicide attempts were associated with increased use of fluoxetine (2.06; 95% CI 1.10 to 3.87) relative to sertraline.ConclusionThere were several factors associated with different antidepressant receipt in psychiatric healthcare. In patients aged >25, those on fluoxetine were more likely to have past suicide attempt, while past use of antidepressant and non-antidepressant use was also associated with use of new generation antidepressants, potentially reflecting perceived treatment resistance.
Prevalence and identification of anxiety disorders in pregnancy: the diagnostic accuracy of the two-item Generalised Anxiety Disorder scale (GAD-2)
Authors: Nath Selina , Ryan Elizabeth G , Trevillion Kylee , Bick Debra , Demilew Jill , Milgrom Jeannette , Pickles Andrew , Howard Louise M 
Published: September 2018

ObjectiveTo estimate the population prevalence of anxiety disorders during pregnancy and investigate the diagnostic accuracy of the two-item Generalised Anxiety Disorder scale (GAD-2) for a) GAD and b) any anxiety disorder.DesignCross-sectional survey using a stratified sampling design. Sampling weights were used in the analysis to adjust for the bias introduced by the stratified sampling.SettingInner-city maternity service, South London.Participants545 pregnant women were interviewed after their first antenatal appointment; 528 provided answers on the GAD-2 questions.Main outcome measuresDiagnosis generated by the Structured Clinical Interview for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edition (SCID).ResultsPopulation prevalence of anxiety disorders was 17% (95% CI 12% to 21%): 5% (95% CI 3% to 6%) for GAD, 4% (95% CI 2% to 6%) for social phobia, 8% (95% CI 5% to 11%) for specific phobia and 2% (95% CI 1% to 4%) for obsessive-compulsive disorder. Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) prevalence was unclear due to higher levels of reluctance to respond to PTSD interview questions but sensitivity analyses suggest population prevalence maybe up to 4% (95% CI 2% to 6%). Weighted sensitivity of GAD-2 for GAD (cut-off ≥3) was 69%, specificity 91%, positive predictive value 26%, negative predictive value 98% and likelihood ratio 7.35. For any anxiety disorder the weighted sensitivity was 26%, specificity 91%, positive predictive value 36%, negative predictive value 87% and likelihood ratio 2.92.ConclusionsAnxiety disorders are common but GAD-2 generates many false positives and may therefore be unhelpful in maternity services.
Revisiting the Teixeira Singularity Bifurcation Analysis: Application to the Control of Power Converters
Authors: Cristiano Rony , Pagano Daniel J. , Freire Emilio , Ponce Enrique 
Published: September 2018

For a discontinuous piecewise smooth (DPWS) dynamical system in [Formula: see text], whose state space is divided into two open regions by a plane acting as the switching manifold, there generically appear two lines of quadratic tangency, one for each involved vector field. When these two tangency lines have a transversal intersection, such a point is called a two-fold singularity. If furthermore, both tangencies are of invisible type, then the two-fold point is known as a Teixeira singularity (TS). The Teixeira singularity can undergo an interesting bifurcation, namely when a pseudo-equilibrium point crosses the two-fold singularity, passing from the attractive sliding region to the repulsive sliding region (or vice versa) and, simultaneously, a crossing limit cycle (CLC) arises. After deriving carefully a local canonical form, we revisit the previous works regarding this bifurcation thus correcting some detected misconceptions. Furthermore, we provide by means of a more direct approach the critical coefficients characterizing the bifurcation, also giving computational procedures for them. The achieved results are applied to some illustrative examples, within the realm of discontinuous piecewise linear (DPWL) systems. This family acts like a normal form for the bifurcation, since DPWL systems are able to reproduce all the unfolded dynamics. The study of TS-points in electronic DC-DC Boost power converters under a sliding mode control (SMC) strategy is addressed. Apart from being a relevant application, it allows to show the real usefulness of the analysis done.
Dual Inhibition of DNA and Histone Methyltransferases Increases Viral Mimicry in Ovarian Cancer Cells
Authors: Liu Minmin , Thomas Stacey L. , DeWitt Ashley K. , Zhou Wanding , Madaj Zachary B. , Ohtani Hitoshi , Baylin Stephen B. , Liang Gangning , Jones Peter A. 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Ovarian cancer ranks as the most deadly gynecologic cancer, and there is an urgent need to develop more effective therapies. Previous studies have shown that G9A, a histone methyltransferase that catalyzes mono- and dimethylation of histone H3 lysine9, is highly expressed in ovarian cancer tumors, and its overexpression is associated with poor prognosis. Here we report that pharmacologic inhibition of G9A in ovarian cancer cell lines with high levels of G9A expression induces synergistic antitumor effects when combined with the DNA methylation inhibitor (DNMTi) 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine (5-aza-CdR). These antitumor effects included upregulation of endogenous retroviruses (ERV), activation of the viral defense response, and induction of cell death, which have been termed "viral mimicry" effects induced by DNMTi. G9Ai treatment further reduced H3K9me2 levels within the long terminal repeat regions of ERV, resulting in further increases of ERV expression and enhancing "viral mimicry" effects. In contrast, G9Ai and 5-aza-CdR were not synergistic in cell lines with low basal G9A levels. Taken together, our results suggest that the synergistic effects of combination treatment with DNMTi and G9Ai may serve as a novel therapeutic strategy for patients with ovarian cancer with high levels of G9A expression.
Significance: Dual inhibition of DNA methylation and histone H3 lysine 9 dimethylation by 5-aza-CdR and G9Ai results in synergistic upregulation of ERV and induces an antiviral response, serving as a basis for exploring this novel combination treatment in patients with ovarian cancer. Cancer Res; 78(20); 5754–66. ©2018 AACR.
A Novel MCL1 Inhibitor Combined with Venetoclax Rescues Venetoclax-Resistant Acute Myelogenous Leukemia
Authors: Ramsey Haley E. , Fischer Melissa A. , Lee Taekyu , Gorska Agnieszka E. , Arrate Maria Pia , Fuller Londa , Boyd Kelli L. , Strickland Stephen A. , Sensintaffar John , Hogdal Leah J. , Ayers Gregory D. , Olejniczak Edward T. , Fesik Stephen W. , Savona Michael R. 
Published: September 2018

Abstract

Suppression of apoptosis by expression of antiapoptotic BCL2 family members is a hallmark of acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML). Induced myeloid leukemia cell differentiation protein (MCL1), an antiapoptotic BCL2 family member, is commonly upregulated in AML cells and is often a primary mode of resistance to treatment with the BCL2 inhibitor venetoclax. Here, we describe VU661013, a novel, potent, selective MCL1 inhibitor that destabilizes BIM/MCL1 association, leads to apoptosis in AML, and is active in venetoclax-resistant cells and patient-derived xenografts. In addition, VU661013 was safely combined with venetoclax for synergy in murine models of AML. Importantly, BH3 profiling of patient samples and drug-sensitivity testing ex vivo accurately predicted cellular responses to selective inhibitors of MCL1 or BCL2 and showed benefit of the combination. Taken together, these data suggest a strategy of rationally using BCL2 and MCL1 inhibitors in sequence or in combination in AML clinical trials.

Significance:
Targeting antiapoptotic proteins in AML is a key therapeutic strategy, and MCL1 is a critical antiapoptotic oncoprotein. Armed with novel MCL1 inhibitors and the potent BCL2 inhibitor venetoclax, it may be possible to selectively induce apoptosis by combining or thoughtfully sequencing these inhibitors based on a rational evaluation of AML.
See related commentary by Leber et al., p. 1511.
This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 1494
Epigenetic Age in Male Combat-Exposed War Veterans: Associations with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Status
Authors: Verhoeven Josine E. , Yang Ruoting , Wolkowitz Owen M. , Bersani Francesco S. , Lindqvist Daniel , Mellon Synthia H. , Yehuda Rachel , Flory Janine D. , Lin Jue , Abu-Amara Duna  , Makotkine Iouri , Marmar Charles , Jett Marti , Hammamieh Rasha 
Published: September 2018

DNA methylation patterns change with age and can be used to derive an estimate of “epigenetic age,” an indicator of biological age. Several studies have shown associations of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) with worse somatic health and early mortality, raising the possibility of accelerated biological aging. This study examined associations between estimated epigenetic age and various variables in 160 male combat-exposed war veterans with (<i>n</i> = 79) and without PTSD (<i>n</i> = 81). DNA methylation was assessed in leukocyte genomic DNA using the Illumina 450K DNA methylation arrays. Epigenetic age was estimated using Horvath’s epigenetic clock algorithm and Δage (epigenetic age-chronological age) was calculated. In veterans with PTSD (Δage = 3.2), Δage was on average lower compared to those without PTSD (Δage = 5.0; <i>p</i> = 0.02; Cohen’s d = 0.42). This between-group difference was not explained by race/ethnicity, lifestyle factors or childhood trauma. Antidepressant use, however, explained part of the association. In the PTSD positive group, telomerase activity was negatively related to Δage (β = –0.35; <i>p</i> = 0.007). In conclusion, veterans with PTSD had significantly lower epigenetic age profiles than those without PTSD. Further, current antidepressant use and higher telomerase activity were related to relatively less epigenetic aging in veterans with PTSD, speculative of a mechanistic pathway that might attenuate biological aging-related processes in the context of PTSD.
Escape distance and escape latency following simulated rapid bird attacks in an Andean lizard, Phymaturus williamsi
Authors: Fava Gustavo A. , Acosta Juan C. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractPredatory birds represent the greatest risk for many lizard species. However, little is known about the functional relationship between the escape distance and escape latency of lizards during a rapid bird attack. We hypothesised that escape latency and distance in the Andean lizard speciesPhymaturus williamsiwould increase proportionally, but vary according to the means of escape. Over a three-year period we observed seven types of antipredatory behaviour in 98%P. williamsilizards on simulated predatory bird attacks. Escape distance and latency were positively correlated. 65% of lizards emerged from their refuge within 2 min of an attack. All of these behaviours were positively correlated with escape latency and distance, although we found the former to be more precise. This study contributes to a better understanding of the general antipredatory behaviour in this species of Andean lizard, and will assist in future decisions concerning its conservation.
First report of Branchinecta (Anostraca) in seasonal coastal pools in the Araucania region (Puaucho, 39°S, Chile)
Authors: De los Ríos Patricio , Carreño Eriko 
Published: September 2018

AbstractTo date, he fairy shrimps (Anostraca) of Chilean inland waters have been poorly described. Those that were described mainly belong to the genusBranchinecta, and the reports are primarily restricted to shallow seasonal pools at the northern and southern extremes of Chile. The aim of the present study was to give a first description ofBranchinecta rocaensis, reported from ephemeral coastal pools in the Puaucho dunes, situated in the Araucania region. The results of null model analysis revealed first, that species associations are random and that there is niche overlap, while according to the principal component analysis,B. rocaensiswas present at sites with low conductivity, low total dissolved solids and low temperature values, but with a high abundance of ostracods. The results obtained would agree with similar observations forBranchinectahabitats in southern Chilean Patagonia.
Fonctions de l’alternance entre arabe standard et vernaculaire libanais et connotations des deux codes dans un discours politique d’opposition
Authors: Germanos Marie-Aimée 
Published: September 2018

Résumé
Cet article s’intéresse aux fonctions de l’alternance entre arabe standard et vernaculaire ainsi qu’aux connotations des deux codes dans un discours prononcé par Hassan Nasrallah. Au regard des travaux antérieurs adoptant une approche fonctionnelle – comme c’est le cas ici – de l’alternance dans le discours politique arabophone, l’intérêt du texte analysé est double. Le premier aspect intéressant de la prise de parole concerne le positionnement, dans l’opposition, de l’orateur. Le deuxième a trait à la longueur de cette allocution, qui permet l’observation de schémas récurrents d’alternance. Il ressort de l’analyse dont les résultats sont présentés dans cet article que, dans le discours étudié, l’alternance est un procédé contrastif de mise en relief souvent utilisé en renforcement d’autres procédés rhétoriques ou stylistiques dont les fonctions sont proches. On aboutit en outre à la conclusion que les connotations de chacun des deux codes – le standard et le vernaculaire – se caractérisent par leur diversité, et que la réactivation, pour ce qui les concerne, d’une valeur spécifique, est propre à chaque énoncé.
Interpretation of borehole flexural measurements in high-angle wells using 3D spatial sensitivity functions
Authors: Maalouf Elsa , Torres-Verdín Carlos 
Published: September 2018

Undulating wells are routinely drilled to improve reservoir exposure across hydrocarbon-bearing zones. Although conventional acoustic-log interpretation methods are reliable in vertical wells, they often yield inaccurate results when applied to high-angle or horizontal wells due to azimuthal asymmetry, spatial averaging effects, and wave-mode interference. Three-dimensional finite-difference and finite-element algorithms are typically used to quantify the aforementioned effects on acoustic logs, but they are extremely demanding on the central processing unit’s (CPU) time and memory. We develop a fast algorithm to simulate flexural slownesses acquired in high-angle wells using 3D linear spatial sensitivity functions. Spatial sensitivity functions quantify the variation of phase slowness measured by the sonic tool due to spatial perturbations of elastic properties. First, we construct 3D frequency-dependent sensitivity functions of flexural modes using the product of 1D axial, radial, and azimuthal sensitivity functions obtained from first-order approximations. Then, we simulate frequency-domain flexural logs acquired with wireline tools and dipole sources in isotropic and vertical transversely isotropic (VTI) formations penetrated by high-angle wells. For the examined examples, simulated flexural logs exhibit root-mean-square errors less than [Formula: see text] when compared with those calculated with a 3D time-domain finite-difference (3D-TDFD) algorithm. We found that in isotropic formations with layers thinner than the length of the receiver array, flexural slownesses acquired separately with cross dipoles are different because of geometric asymmetry, whereas in VTI formations we observed differences between cross-dipole slownesses because of effective anisotropy. Furthermore, the flexural logs are affected by spatial averaging introduced by the acoustic wireline tool, especially in the vicinity of layer boundaries. Three-dimensional sensitivity functions reduce the computation time of the flexural logs from an average of 15 h of CPU time per depth (using 3D-TDFD methods) to less than 3 min. The fast simulation algorithm disregards wave reflections, wave-mode conversion, and wave-mode interference occurring at layer boundaries.
Health Insurance and Human Capital: Evidence from the Affordable Care Act's Dependent Coverage Mandate
Authors: Lopoo Leonard M. , Cardon Emily B. , Raissian Kerri M. 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Prior to 2010, young adults between the ages of 18 and 34 had the highest rates of uninsurance in America. The “Dependent Care Provision” of the Affordable Care Act sought to increase insurance rates among young adults by allowing them to stay on their parents' policy until age 26. We examine the human capital decisions young adults make once they have an option for health insurance outside of employer-sponsored health insurance. Using the American Community Survey from 2001 to 2016 and a difference-in-differences research design, we found that the implementation of the mandate was associated with a 3–5 percent increase in college enrollment among women 23–25 years of age. This result is robust to a variety of specifications. We did not find a consistent effect among men. Our results suggest that increased flexibility in health insurance markets has implications for human capital investment.
No Permanent Fix: MACRA, MIPS, and the Politics of Physician Payment Reform
Authors: Spivack Steven B. , Laugesen Miriam J. , Oberlander Jonathan 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Organized medicine long yearned for the demise of Medicare's Sustainable Growth Rate (SGR) formula for updating physician fees. Congress finally obliged in 2015, repealing the SGR as part of the Medicare Access and CHIP Reauthorization Act (MACRA). MACRA established value-based metrics for physician payment and financial incentives for doctors to join alternative delivery models like patient-centered medical homes. Throughout the law's initial implementation, the politics of accommodation prevailed, with federal officials crafting final rules that made MACRA more favorable for physicians. However, the era of accommodation could be short-lived. The discretion that the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services had during the first two years of implementation is ending. Additionally, euphoria over the SGR's repeal has given way to concerns over the new program's value-based purchasing arrangements and uncertainty over their sustainability. MACRA eliminated the SGR, but not the politics of physician payment.
Dramatizing the Bible in Chinese: The Making of Martyrdom inThe Story of the Maccabees(1918)
Authors: Lai John T.P. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThis paper investigates the Chinese reception and transformation of the Bible through dramatic texts during the early Republican period, and the ways in which members of the Catholic community attempted to resolve the cultural and moral conflicts, mainly through the lens of the martyrdom narratives in the dramatic textMajiabai’a zhuan(The Story of the Maccabees, 1918). The Chinese playwright Fei Jinbiao, well aware of the contesting moral values in the Chinese cultural contexts, adopted some dramatizing strategies to resolve the moral dilemma among most Chinese audiences. The dramatization of biblical and martyrdom stories in Chinese were employed as a tool of proselytization and religious education in Catholic families and schools. The reading and performing of the dramatic texts on martyrdom also contributed to the identity building of the Chinese Catholic community as a distinctive group on the borders of the mainstream Chinese society. From a broader perspective, the making of martyrdom in Chinese Catholic dramatic texts and the performance of martyrdom stories in China facilitated the “re-membering” of not only the Western saints into the Chinese church but also the Chinese martyrs into the universal Catholic Church.
Die Wiederentdeckung des Unfalls: Der Rückgang der Verkehrstoten-Zahlen im sozial- und kulturgeschichtlichen Kontext
Authors: Itzen Peter 
Published: September 2018

Zusammenfassung
Der Beitrag verknupft die Entwicklung der Zahl der Verkehrstoten in Deutschland mit seinem kultur- und sozialgeschichtlichen Kontext. Dabei wird deutlich, dass zu Beginn des 20. Jahrhunderts und nach Ende des Zweiten Weltkrieges eine kritische Debatte uber das Automobil angesichts der mit ihm verbundenen positiven Vorstellungen erschwert war und erst durch einen erhöhten Stellenwert von Umwelt- und Gesundheitsthemen möglich wurde.