bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Class I TCP Transcription Factors Target the Gibberellin Biosynthesis GeneGA20ox1and the Growth-Promoting GenesHBI1andPRE6during Thermomorphogenic Growth inArabidopsis
Authors: Ferrero Luc�a V , Viola Ivana L , Ariel Federico D , Gonzalez Daniel H 
Published: July 2019

AbstractPlants respond to a rise in ambient temperature by increasing the growth of petioles and hypocotyls. In this work, we show that Arabidopsis thaliana class I TEOSINTE BRANCHED 1, CYCLOIDEA, PCF (TCP) transcription factors TCP14 and TCP15 are required for optimal petiole and hypocotyl elongation under high ambient temperature. These TCPs influence the levels of the DELLA protein RGA and the expression of growth-related genes, which are induced in response to an increase in temperature. However, the class I TCPs are not required for the induction of the auxin biosynthesis gene YUCCA8 or for auxin-dependent gene expression responses. TCP15 directly targets the gibberellin biosynthesis gene GA20ox1 and the growth regulatory genes HBI1 and PRE6. Several of the genes regulated by TCP15 are also targets of the growth regulator PIF4 and show an enrichment of PIF4- and TCP-binding motifs in their promoters. PIF4 binding to GA20ox1 and HBI1 is enhanced in the presence of the TCPs, indicating that TCP14 and TCP15 directly participate in the induction of genes involved in gibberellin biosynthesis and cell expansion by high temperature functionally interacting with PIF4. In addition, overexpression of HBI1 rescues the growth defects of tcp14 tcp15 double mutants, suggesting that this gene is a major outcome of regulation by both class I TCPs during thermomorphogenesis.
The Possibility of Unity
Authors: Noonan H W 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
In One Priest argues for the contradictoriness of Unity. The argument is that the unity of complex things is contradictory. It is contradictory that there are complex wholes composed of many parts. But there are. Thus, the explanation of unity has to be a contradictory entity, a gluon, which both is and is not an object. The book then develops and utilises a theory of gluons. The argument for the contradictoriness of Unity is crucial; without it there is no motivation for the theory of gluons. It fails. It does so because ‘because’ is a sentential connective. So what follows it must be a sentence, not a list. So Priest is wrong to say that in a complex whole there must be something, an entity, which binds the parts together.
P329G-CAR-J: a novel Jurkat-NFAT-based CAR-T reporter system recognizing the P329G Fc mutation
Authors: Darowski Diana , Jost Christian , Stubenrauch Kay , Wessels Uwe , Benz Jörg , Ehler Andreas , Freimoser-Grundschober Anne , Brünker Peter , Mössner Ekkehard , Umaña Pablo , Kobold Sebastian , Klein Christian 
Published: July 2019

AbstractMonoclonal antibody-based therapeutics are an integral part of treatment of different human diseases, and the selection of suitable antibody candidates during the discovery phase is essential. Here, we describe a novel, cellular screening approach for the identification and characterization of therapeutic antibodies suitable for conversion into T cell bispecific antibodies using chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) transduced Jurkat-NFAT-luciferase reporter cells (CAR-J). For that purpose, we equipped a Jurkat-NFAT reporter cell line with a universal CAR, based on a monoclonal antibody recognizing the P329G mutation in the Fc-part of effector-silenced human IgG1-antibodies. In addition to scFv-based second generation CARs, Fab-based CARs employing the P329G-binder were generated. Using these anti-P329G-CAR-J cells together with the respective P329G-mutated IgG1-antibodies, we established a system, which facilitates the rapid testing of therapeutic antibody candidates in a flexible, high throughput setting during early stage discovery. We show that both, scFv- and Fab-based anti-P329G-CAR-J cells elicit a robust and dose-dependent luciferase signal if the respective antibody acts as an adaptor between tumor target and P329G-CAR-J cells. Importantly, we could demonstrate that functional characteristics of the antibody candidates, derived from the anti-P329G-CAR-J screening assay, are predictive for the functionality of these antibodies in the T cell bispecific antibody format.
A Bound on Expected Stock Returns
Authors: Kadan Ohad , Tang Xiaoxiao 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
We present a sufficient condition under which the prices of options written on a particular stock can be aggregated to calculate a lower bound on the expected returns of that stock. The sufficient condition imposes a restriction on a combination of the stock’s systematic and idiosyncratic risk. The lower bound is forward-looking and can be calculated on a high-frequency basis. We estimate the bound empirically and study its cross-sectional properties. We find that the bound increases with beta and book-to-market ratio and decreases with size and momentum. The bound provides an economically meaningful signal about future stock returns. (JEL G11, G12)
Authors have furnished an Internet Appendix, which is available on the Oxford University Press Web site next to the link to the final published paper online.
OCCUPATIONAL RADIATION EXPOSURE DOSE OF THE EYE IN DEPARTMENT OF CARDIAC ARRHYTHMIA PHYSICIAN
Authors: Kato Mamoru , Chida Koichi , Ishida Takato , Sasaki Fumiaki , Toyoshima Hideto , Oosaka Hajime , Terata Ken , Abe Yoshihisa , Kinoshita Toshibumi 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Interventional radiology (IR) procedures tend to be complex, which delivers high radiation exposure to patient. In the present study, we measured the radiation exposure dose [Hp(3)] in the eye using a direct eye dosemeter placed next to the physician’s eye during procedures. Physicians wore a direct eye dosemeter just lateral to eyes and an additional direct eye dosemeter outside the radiation protective eyeglasses close to their eyes. Additionally, a neck glass badge was worn at the neck. Although we found a positive correlation between the left neck glass badge dose [Hp(0.07)] and the left eye lens dose [Hp(3)], the value of R2 of the regression equation were 0.62 and 0.71 (outside and inside). We thought that the exact eye lens dose might not be estimated from the neck glass badge. In conclusion, a correct evaluation of the lens dose [Hp(3)] using the direct eye dosemeter is recommended for tachyarrhythmia physicians.
Youth Sexual Development: A Primer for Social Workers
Authors: Brandon-Friedman Richard A 
Published: July 2019

AbstractSexuality and sexual expression are core aspects of most clients’ lives, yet most schools of social work fail to cover sexual development, leaving social workers uninformed about this essential area of human development. This is particularly the case when the sexual development of youths is concerned, as youth sexuality is often considered too controversial to explore. Considering a positive approach to youth sexuality that seeks to enhance youths’ sexual development and promote their achievement of full sexual and reproductive rights, this article seeks to provide social workers with a resource they can use to enhance their understanding of youth sexual development and its applicability to social work practice. The two main theoretical orientations used to understand sexual identity development are covered as well as the research support for each. Following the explanation of theory is a discussion of how the two theoretical orientations can be integrated to form a more expansive base for the understanding of sexual identity development. A final section provides guidance on how an advanced understanding of youthful sexual identity development can enhance social work practice at the micro, mezzo, and macro levels.
Seroprevalence of Zika virus in selected regions in Kenya
Authors: Kisuya Bramuel , Masika Moses M , Bahizire Esto , Oyugi Julius O 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Background
The Zika virus pandemic in South America in 2015–2016 and the association of Zika virus infection with neurological complications such as microcephaly in newborns distressed the global community. There is limited data on the prevalence of Zika virus in Kenya despite evidence of its circulation in East Africa. This study aimed at assessing the seroprevalence of Zika virus in selected areas in Kenya.

Methods
Healthy adult human sera originally collected from Nairobi, Eldoret and Kisumu from 2009 to 2014 and archived at the University of Nairobi laboratories were examined for Zika virus antibodies. An IgG-based ELISA was used to screen 577 sera. Any serum tested positive by ELISA was confirmed for Zika virus infection by plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT).

Results
The seroprevalence of Zika virus in the study population was about 0.2 % (1/577) as confirmed by PRNT. Additionally, three sera that were false positive by ELISA for Zika virus were confirmed as positive for dengue virus by PRNT.

Conclusion
There was evidence of low previous exposure to Zika virus in the study population. Of the three regions in Kenya where sera for this study were obtained, only Kisumu County had one case of previous exposure to Zika virus.
Impact of Unilateral versus Bilateral Breast Reconstruction on Procedure Choices and Outcomes
Authors: Taylor Erin M. , Wilkins Edwin G. , Pusic Andrea L. , Qi Ji , Kim Hyungjin Myra , Hamill Jennifer B. , Guldbrandsen Gretchen E. , Chun Yoon S. 
Published: July 2019

Background:
In choosing between implant-based and autologous breast reconstruction, surgeons and patients must weigh relative risks and benefits. However, differences in outcomes across procedure types may vary between unilateral versus bilateral reconstructions. Procedure-related differences in complications and patient-reported outcomes were evaluated for unilateral and bilateral reconstruction.

Methods:
Complications and patient-reported outcomes (BREAST-Q and Patient-Reported Outcomes measurement Information System surveys) were assessed at 2 years for patients undergoing autologous or implant-based reconstructions. Stratified regression models compared outcomes between autologous and implant-based reconstructions, separately for unilateral and bilateral cohorts.

Results:
Among 2125 patients, 917 underwent unilateral (600 implant and 317 autologous) and 1208 underwent bilateral (994 implant and 214 autologous) reconstructions. Complication rates were significantly higher in the autologous versus implant-based group for both unilateral (overall: OR, 2.50, p < 0.001; major: OR, 2.19, p = 0.001) and bilateral (overall: OR, 2.13, p < 0.001; major: OR, 1.69, p = 0.014) cohorts. In unilateral reconstruction, the autologous group demonstrated significantly better patient-reported outcomes versus implant-based group in satisfaction with breast (mean difference, 9.85; p < 0.001), psychosocial well-being (mean difference, 4.84; p = 0.006), and sexual well-being (mean difference, 11.42; p < 0.001). In bilateral reconstruction, the autologous group demonstrated significantly higher patient-reported outcomes only for satisfaction with breast (mean difference, 5.13; p = 0.001).

Conclusions:
Although autologous reconstruction is associated with significantly better patient-reported outcomes compared to implant-based techniques in unilateral reconstruction, procedure choice has far less impact in bilateral reconstruction. Autologous procedures have higher complications rates in both unilateral and bilateral settings.

CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE:
Therapeutic, III.
Autogenous Fat Grafting to the Breast and Gluteal Regions: Safety Profile Including Risks and Complications
Authors: Chopan Mustafa , White Jared A. , Sayadi Lohrasb R. , Buchanan Patrick J. , Katz Adam J. 
Published: July 2019

Summary:
Given the widespread utility and therapeutic potential of autogenous fat grafting, plastic surgeons should be familiar with its safety profile and associated adverse events. This article provides a critical review of the literature and delineates risk factors associated with various complications when grafting to the breast and gluteal regions. The majority of adverse events are related to fat necrosis and require minimal diagnostic or therapeutic intervention. Larger graft volumes, as in cosmetic augmentation, are associated with higher incidences of fatty necrosis. The oncologic safety of fat grafting is supported by multiple clinical studies with thousands of breast cancer patients, albeit predominantly retrospective in nature. Although less frequent, serious complications include fat emboli during gluteal augmentation. Identification of associated risk factors and implementation of proper surgical techniques may minimize the occurrence of life-threatening complications.
Platelet-Rich Plasma and Platelet-Rich Fibrin Enhance the Outcomes of Fat Grafting: A Comparative Study
Authors: Xiong Shaoheng , Qiu Lihong , Su Yinjun , Zheng Hui , Yi Chenggang 
Published: July 2019

Background:
Autologous fat grafting is an efficient procedure in plastic surgery. However, its long-term tissue absorption is variable and technique-dependent. Platelet-rich plasma positively affects fat-grafting outcomes but still has shortcomings, and platelet-rich fibrin has been reported to have efficacy in fat transplantation. Here, we compared the effects of platelet-rich fibrin and platelet-rich plasma in fat grafting using histologic analysis.

Methods:
Twenty rabbits were divided randomly into two groups. In each group, the groin region fat pads were cut into 1-mm3 granules. Platelet-rich fibrin–treated or platelet-rich plasma–treated fat granules were transplanted into one ear, whereas the contralateral ear was transplanted with normal saline–treated fat granules. Histologic characteristics and capillary density of grafted tissue were analyzed 12 weeks after fat grafting.

Results:
The grafted fat in the platelet-rich fibrin–treated group showed higher tissue retention than that in the control group [weight retention, 19.57 percent (interquartile range, 13.87 to 29.93 percent) versus 9.04 percent (interquartile range, 6.16 to 16.80 percent), p < 0.05; and volume retention, 18.00 percent (interquartile range, 10.50 to 26.50 percent) versus 8.00 percent (interquartile range, 5.75 to 13.25 percent), p < 0.05] and higher neovascularized capillary density than that in the platelet-rich plasma–treated and control groups. The platelet-rich plasma–treated group showed higher vessel density without superior tissue retention compared with the control group.

Conclusion:
Platelet-rich fibrin increased tissue retention, quality, and vascularization of grafted fat compared with the control group and showed effects similar to those of platelet-rich plasma on tissue retention and histologic graft improvement.
Digital Image Speckle Correlation to Optimize Botulinum Toxin Type A Injection: A Prospective, Randomized, Crossover Trial
Authors: Verma Richa , Klein Gabriel , Xu Yan , Rafailovich Miriam , Gilbert Fernandez Juan Jose , Khan Sami U. , Bui Duc T. , Dagum Alexander B. 
Published: July 2019

Background:
Historically, physicians have relied on their subjective measures when determining the site and dosages for botulinum toxin type A injections. Digital image speckle correlation is a technology that tracks pore movement from rest to maximal exertion, allowing for the determination of the optimal sites of injection. In this prospective, randomized, crossover trial, the efficacy of using digital image speckle correlation was compared to physician assessment in choosing botulinum toxin type A injection sites.

Methods:
Ten female patients were analyzed in this blinded crossover study. Subjects were randomized to either injections based on digital image speckle correlation analysis or injections based on the 2004 facial aesthetics consensus recommendations. All patients received 20 U of botulinum toxin type A in the glabellar region and were crossed over and reinjected after 6 months. Follow-up was completed with the Facial Line Outcomes 11-item survey and repeated imaging with digital image speckle correlation, to measure patient satisfaction and degree of paralysis, respectively. Statistical comparison was completed by means of matched sample t test.

Results:
On average, the digital image speckle correlation analysis provided 4.8 injection sites, whereas the practitioner chose five injections sites. Patients receiving digital image–directed injections had higher rates of satisfaction on the Facial Line Outcomes instrument (p = 0.0003) and a larger degree of paralysis (p = 0.003). Furthermore, muscle function returned to normal later in patients injected with digital image speckle correlation (17.9 weeks versus 20 weeks; p = 0.03).

Conclusions:
This study demonstrates the benefits of using digital image speckle correlation in determining optimal botulinum toxin type A injection location. Digital analysis allows practitioners to better treat facial rhytides by eliminating subjective decisions regarding dose and site of injection.

CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE:
Therapeutic, II.
The Pushback Pharyngeal Flap: An 18-Year Experience
Authors: Rochlin Danielle H. , Mittermiller Paul A. , Sheckter Clifford C. , Menard Robert M. 
Published: July 2019

Background:
The pharyngeal flap is one of the oldest and most popular techniques for correction of velopharyngeal insufficiency. The authors describe a large series using a technique that combines a pharyngeal flap with a palate pushback to avoid common causes of operative failure while restoring the velopharyngeal mechanism.

Methods:
A retrospective cohort study was performed of patients who underwent a pushback pharyngeal flap by a single surgeon from 2000 to 2017. All patients had a preoperative nasoendoscopy diagnostic of velopharyngeal insufficiency. Operative technique involved elevation of the hard palate mucosa through a retroalveolar incision, passage of the flap through the nasopharyngeal mucosa opening, and inset with sutures through the hard palate mucosa.

Results:
There were 40 patients with a median age of 9.7 years. Preoperative closure patterns were predominately coronal (85.7 percent), with poor posterior wall motion and an average gap size of 27.5 mm2. Postoperative complications included flap dehiscence (n = 1), transient dysphagia (n = 2), obstructive sleep apnea (n = 4), and a palatal fistula and/or persistent velopharyngeal insufficiency that required further surgery (n = 6). At an average of 2.5 years postoperatively, 91.7 percent of patients achieved adequate velopharyngeal function, with significant improvements in the majority of speech metrics (p < 0.001).

Conclusions:
The pushback pharyngeal flap is a safe and effective technique for treatment of velopharyngeal insufficiency. Advantages include high, secure inset with prevention of palatal scar contracture and shortening.

CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE:
Therapeutic, IV.
Racial Disparities in Cleft Palate Repair
Authors: Wu Robin T. , Peck Connor J. , Shultz Blake N. , Travieso Roberto , Steinbacher Derek M. 
Published: July 2019

Background:
Various factors can influence outcomes in cleft palate care. This study sought to determine the impact of race on admissions, hospital costs, and short-term complications in cleft palate repair.

Methods:
Cleft palate operations were identified in the Kids’ Inpatient Database data, from 2000 to 2009. Data were combed for demographics, perioperatives, complications, and hospital characteristics. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were performed between races in total, primary, and revision cohorts.

Results:
There were 3464 white, 1428 Hispanic, 413 black, 398 Asian/Pacific-Islander, and 470 patients of other races captured. Black patients experienced more emergent admissions (p = 0.005) and increased length of stay (p = 0.029). Hospital charges were highest for black and Hispanic patients and lowest for white patients (p = 0.019). Black patients had more total complications than non-black patients (p = 0.039), including higher rates of postoperative fistula (p = 0.020) and nonspecific complications among revision repairs (p = 0.003). Asian/Pacific Islander in the primary cohort experienced higher rates of accidental puncture (p = 0.031) and fistula (p < 0.001). Other patients had the highest rates of wound disruption (p = 0.013). After controlling for race, diagnosis, Charlson Comorbidity Index score, region, elective/nonelective, payer, and income quartile, length of stay (p < 0.001) and age (p < 0.001) were associated with increases in both total complications and costs.

Conclusions:
Race may play a significant role in cleft palate repair, as white patients had fewer complications, shorter length of stay, and lower costs following repair. Delayed age at treatment may predispose patients to adverse sequelae in minority populations, in terms of influencing length of stay and costs.

CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE:
Risk, II.
Restructuring of amygdala subregion apportion across adolescence
Authors: Campbell Claire E. , Mezher Adam F. , Eckel Sandrah P. , Tyszka J. Michael , Pauli Wolfgang M. , Nagel Bonnie J. , Herting Megan M. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractTotal amygdala volumes develop in association with sex and puberty, and postmortem studies find neuronal numbers increase in a nuclei specific fashion across development. Thus, amygdala subregions and composition may evolve with age. Our goal was to examine if amygdala subregion absolute volumes and/or relative proportion varies as a function of age, sex, or puberty in a large sample of typically developing adolescents (N=408, 43% female, 10-17 years). Utilizing the in vivo CIT168 atlas, we quantified 9 subregions and implemented Generalized Additive Mixed Models to capture potential non-linear associations with age and pubertal status between sexes. Only males showed significant age associations with the basolateral ventral and paralaminar subdivision (BLVPL), central nucleus (CEN), and amygdala transition area (ATA). Again, only males showed relative differences in the proportion of the BLVPL, CEN, ATA, along with lateral (LA) and amygdalostriatal transition area (ASTA), with age. Using a best-fit modeling approach, age, and not puberty, was found to drive these associations. The results suggest that amygdala subregions show unique developmental patterns with age in males across adolescence. Future research is warranted to determine if our findings may contribute to sex differences in mental health that emerge across adolescence.