bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PO-009 Exercise Adaptation of Skeletal Muscle Fibers: The Role of MicroRNAs
Authors: Shou Jian , Chen Peijie , Xiao Weihua 
Published: October 2018

Objective Explore the relationship between exercise adaptation of skeletal muscle fibers and microRNAs.
Methods Research related papers.
Results endurance training can switch muscle fiber type by promoting microRNAs (miR-208b, miR-499). For example, the conversion from fast Type IIb muscle fibers to slower Type IIx/d muscle fibers, or from Type IIx muscle fibers to Type IIa muscle fibers. Endurance training can also promote the expression of Peroxisome Proliferator Receptor Gamma Coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) and enhance the oxidative potential for slow muscle fibers by inhibiting some microRNAs such as miR-23a. Resistance training can activate insulin-like growth factor-1/phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin/P70 ribosomal protein S6 kinase (IGF-1/PI3K/Akt/mTOR/P70S6K) pathways and promote fast muscle fibers hypertrophy by inhibiting negative microRNAs (miR-1,miR-133,miR-128a) and promoting positive microRNAs (miR-27,miR-29,miR-486).
Conclusions MicroRNAs play an important role in the exercise adaptation of skeletal muscle fibers.
PO-011 Effect of Exercise on the Body Composition of Simple Obesity in China: A Meta-analysis
Authors: Zhang Yeting , Fu Yan , Zhang Kang 
Published: October 2018

Objective To systematically review the effect of exercise on the body composition of simple obesity in China.
Methods We electronically searched databases including CNKI、VIP、WanFang Data、PubMed、Medline、Web of Science databases to collect the studies on exercise therapy for simple obesity from inception to June 2016. Two reviewers independently screened literature, extracted data and assessed the risk of bias of included studies. Then, meta-analysis was performed by using RevMan 5.3 software.
Results A total of 17 papers involving 627 patients were included. The results of meta-analysis showed that:①Exercise significantly ameliorated BMI of obesity children(MD= -2.72，95%CI[-3.83，-1.61]，P<0.00001).②Exercise significantly ameliorated BMI (MD= -3.22，95%CI[-4.10，-2.34]，P<0.00001)、BF% (MD= -4.44，95%CI[-6.09，-2.79]，P<0.00001)、Body Weight(MD= -7.92，95%CI[-11.28，-4.56]，P<0.00001) and waist circumference (MD= -5.01，95%CI[-8.56，-1.46]，P=0.006) of obesity teenagers.③Exercise significantly ameliorated BMI BMI (MD= -3.18，95%CI[-3.64，-2.72]，P<0.00001)、BF% (MD= -0.80，95%CI[-1.53，-0.07]，P=0.03)、Body Weight (MD= -6.56，95%CI[-7.89，-5.23]，P<0.00001)、chest circumference (MD= -4.22，95%CI[-5.00，-3.45]，P<0.00001)、waist circumference (MD= -7.49，95%CI[-9.19，-5.78]，P<0.00001)and hip circumference (MD= -3.68，95%CI[-5.19，-2.17]，P<0.00001) of obesity adults.
Conclusions Exercise can significantly improve the body composition of simple obesity people in China. Due to the limited quantity and quality of included studies, more high quality studies are needed to verify the above conclusion.
PO-021 The Effect of Aerobic Exercise on Alternative Splicing of Lipin1 pre-mRNA and its isoforms
Authors: Bai Xuyang , Wu Baoai , Shi Junzhen , Zhao Infeng 
Published: October 2018

Objective Obesity is one of a world-wide chronic diseases, which is the leading cause of cancer, T2D, cardiovascular disease other metabolic complications. Aerobic exercise as a moderate intervention, has potential mechanisms for the loss weight. Lipin1 as a key regulator of lipid metabolism is a member of the Lipin family. Through alternative splicing, Lipin1 exists two isoforms,Lipin1α is mostly expressed in preadipocytes during the initial stages of differentiation, whereas the Lipin1β mainly expressed in mature adipocytes, and is responsible for lipogenesis and adipocyte hypertrophy.The aim of our present study was to investigate the effect of aerobic exercise on the levels of Lipin1α、Lipin1β and splicing factor SFRS10.
Methods C57BL/6 mice were randomly assigned to control group(C, n=20) and obesity control group (O, n=20). After 4weeks,mice were further assigned to normal control group (NC,n=10),and control exercise group (CE,n=10),O group ( O, n = 10) and obesity exercise group (OE, n = 10),CE and OE were on aerobic exercised for 8 weeks. RT-PCR was generated to detect Lipin1α、Lipin1βand SFRS10 mRNA expression.
Results The results suggest that the level of lipin1α mRNA was decreased in obesity group. With exercise, levels in CE and OE increased. Furthermore, Lipin1β was increased in obesity group and decrease after aerobic exercise in both CE and OE. We also demonstrated the SFRS10, which can bind to lipin1 exon8 and regulate Lipin1 alternative splicing, had a lower ex pression in obesity group and higher expression in CE and OE.
Conclusions Our data suggest that aerobic exercise can reduce body weight by influencing lipin1 pre-mRAN alternative splicing, and change the expression of two isoforms. Besides aerobic exercise can also affect SFRS10 mRNA Levels and change the expression of Lipin1 isoform.
PO-030 Oxidative phosphorylation in response to high intensity interval training
Authors: Laskowski Radosław , Kujach Sylwester , Flis Damian , Chroboczek Maciej , Wąż Piotr , Ziemann Ewa , Olek Robert 
Published: October 2018

Objective The aim of our study was to investigate the adaptive effect of six sessions of high intensity interval training (HIIT) on changes in the amount and activity of mitochondrial enzymes.
Methods Twenty seven students (age 21.2±0.9) were assigned to HIIT (n=10) and control (CON, n=17) group and performed six training sessions for 14 days: 6 × 90 s intervals at 80% maximal aerobic power (MAP) output separated by 180 s rest. Pre and post interventions anthropometric measurements, maximal activity of citrate synthase (CS) and 3-HydroxyacylCoA (HADH) was determined in muscle samples. The effect of HIIT on proteins involved in oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) in the skeletal muscle was used via proteomic analysis’s. We took into consideration 89 identified subunits from the mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes and the ATP synthase complex. For these proteomic tests a muscle biopsy samples from the three representative participants HIIT and three CON before and after training were collected.
Results Training induced the moderate and large effects in maximal enzymes activities CS and HADH. The HIIT caused the increase of level proteins involved in oxidative phosphorylation.
Conclusions HIIT can be an optimal strategy for the prevention of certain civilization diseases or for the rehabilitation of diseases, especially cardiovascular disease.
PO-118 Effects of field-battle hypoxia supporter on free radical metabolism after exercise at high altitude
Authors: Liu Taobo 
Published: October 2018

Objective To explore the effects of field-battle hypoxia supporter on free radical metabolism after exercise at high altitude．
Methods A total of 40 healthy fighters stationed in the 3800m plateau for 10 days were randomly divided into two groups. Each group of 20 men, armed with heavy weapons and hypoxia supporter, hiked 5 km and then climbed a 4,300 m peak, a total distance of 10 km. The control group closed the valve of hypoxia supporter without oxygen inhalation, the experimental group opened the valve and inhaled oxygen. The serum levels of superoxide dismutase(SOD), total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC), reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured at rest and after exercise. In addition, The average marching speed of the two groups were compared．
Results The T-AOC, ROS and MDA were increased both in the control group and experimental group after exercise, and the SOD increased significanly in experimental group (P<0.01)．Compared with control group, the SOD and T-AOC were increase but the ROS and MDA were decreased significanly after exercise(P<0.01)．The average speed of 10km cross-country march in the control group and the experimental group was (3.0±0.3)km/h and (2.3±0.5)km/h respectively, and there were significant differences (P<0.01).
Conclusions The field-battle hypoxia supporter can restrain free radical damage after exercise at high altitude and increase the efficiency of work at high altitude.
Acknowledgements: This work was supported by the Guangdong Science and Technology Equipment Mobilization project (Research and application of field-battle hypoxia supporter).
PO-120 Research on the fluctuation of Reticulocyte during different altitude training patterns in swimming athletes
Authors: Yang Xiangang , Liu Yang , Qu Chenggang 
Published: October 2018

Objective To explore the fluctuation of reticulocyte during different altitude training in swimming athletes and their difference between altitude training focused on special aerobic capacity and altitude training focused on high load and sprint, to provide the theory basis for further analyze the altitude training improve the physiological function and athletic performance.
Methods Twenty female swimming athletes participated in altitude training for four weeks, which could be divided into two patterns, special aerobic capacity group(G1, n=9) and intensity and sprint group(G2, n=11). Fasting venous blood samples were drawn for each week were determined using Beckman Coulter LH780 automated hematology analyzer, including Reticulocyte related parameters such as Reticulocyte percentage (Ret%), Reticulocyte count (Ret#) and immature Reticulocyte fraction (IRF) and also erythrocyte related parameters.
Results (1) In G1, Ret%, Ret# and MRV showed continuous decline and represented minimum level in 4th week. While IRF increased during 2nd and 3rd, and then decreased in 4th week. (2) In G2, Ret%, Ret# and MRV were relatively steady during 1st and 2nd week. Ret% and Ret# gave an increased in 3rd week, and then decreased in 4th week, while MRV decreased in 3rd week and increased in 4th week. IRF significantly decreased in latter period compared to earlier period. (3) There were no significant changes for RBC, HCT and HGB in both G1 and G2. MCV, MCH, MCHC and RDW showed improved in later stages compared to their in earlier stages for all in G1, while MCV increased and then decreased, MCH and MCHC continued decline, and RDW kept at sustaining higher levels in G2.
Conclusions (1) Reticulocytes were not in accordance with the trend of erythrocyte during different altitude training. Compared to erythrocyte, the behavior of Reticulocyte could reflect erythropoiesis, and IRF could more sensitively detect the change of bone marrow stimulation in particular.
(2) The variability of Reticulocytes during altitude training was influenced by hypoxia, training and especially their interactive effects. In aspect of training type, it was crucial for considering the fluctuation of training load and athletes’ adaptation during different patterns.
PO-130 Biological Mechanism of Exercise in Improving Dyslipidemia
Authors: Tang Mi , Su Quansheng 
Published: October 2018

Objective The purpose was to further improve the understanding of exercise to improve dyslipidemia and to formulate exercise prescription more scientifically. It provides a reference for the further study of exercise mimics in the treatment of dyslipidemia and helps to reduce the high incidence of dyslipidemia.
Methods Methods of documentation and comparative analysis are applied.
Results It was found that the effects of exercise on dyslipidemia were beneficial or had no obvious effect on some indexes so far, and had no adverse effect. The biological mechanism of exercise regulating dyslipidemia and the effects of different exercise forms (acute exercise, long-term exercise training, different intensity exercise) on improving dyslipidemia were summarized. It is pointed out that exercise plays an important role in regulating the enzymes and proteins associated with dyslipidemia. Research from several aspects :exercise to block cholesterol biosynthesis, exercise inhibits cholesterol absorption, exercise affects cholesterol conversion, exercise promotes cholesterol conversion to bile acid, and exercise promotes cholesterol metabolism, exercise regulating triglycerides, etc.
Conclusions The regulation of dyslipidemia is a complex process, involving multiple pathways, multiple gene regulation, and different hypolipidemic pathways.A large number of experimental studies have demonstrated the effect of exercise on the improvement of dyslipidemia, but there are few studies on the biological mechanism of exercise, which need to be further studied.In addition, when chemically synthesized anti-hyperlipidemia drugs have many safety problems, we should increase the in-depth study of sports drugs, especially some natural products, that can simulate exercise effectiveness. In order to better control the high incidence of dyslipidemia, it is necessary to improve the development of exercise mimic drugs in improving dyslipidemia.
PO-132 Exogenous VD3 alleviates chronic fatigue syndrome by activating MEKs/ERKs-SIRT1 signaling pathway in skeletal muscle
Authors: Wu Fangnan , Huder Chaolu , Tian Zhenjun 
Published: October 2018

Objective To investigate the effects of exogenous VD3 on exercise-induced chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) and its mechanism.
Methods 80 male mice were randomly divided into 5 groups（n=16）. One group was named as quiet control group (C) while the other four were used to build CFS model by forced swimming. Among the four groups, three were selected for feeding VD3 1 h before exercise (bVD), 15 min after starting exercise (mVD) and 1 h after exercise (aVD) respectively, and the group without VD3 feeding was CFS model group (CFS). The behavior and condition of mice was observed during the whole process. After the training was completed totally, the tail suspension test and the forced swimming test were implemented, and then the blood and quadriceps were dissected. Serum testosterone and corticosterone content, as well as the antioxidant system indexes in the quadriceps, including malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) and total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD), were measured. Routine western blotting experimentation was used to measure signal pathway indicators, containing SIRT1, SIRT3, ERK1/2, p-ERK1/2 and MEK1/2.
Results Compared with C group, CFS group appeared serious damage caused by fighting, and the concentration of serum testosterone decreased significantly (p<0.01 or p<0.05) while cortisol concentration increased significantly (p<0.01 or p<0.05). Regarding antioxidant stress system indexes, the expression of MDA, T-SOD and GSH-PX significantly increased (p<0.05). The concentration of MEK and SIRT3 decreased significantly (p<0.01 or p<0.05). Compared with CFS group, VD intervention group (bVD, mVD and aVD) showed less damage caused by fighting and significantly lighter body weight (p<0.05), and the concentration of serum testosterone increased significantly (p<0.05) while that of cortisol decreased significantly (p<0.01 or p<0.05). The expression of MDA decreased significantly (p<0.05), on the countrary, T-AOC, T-SOD and GSH-PX increased significantly (p<0.05). The expressions of MEK, p-ERK/ERK, SIRT1 and SIRT3 were significantly upregulated (p<0.01 or p<0.05).
Conclusions Exogenous VD3 could alleviate CFS, which probably related to activate the MEKs/ERKs-SIRT1 signal transduction axis and hence regulate the expression of SIRT3.
PO-140 Physiological and Molecular Adaptations to Concurrent Training in Combination with High Protein Availability
Authors: Shamim Baubak , Devlin Brooke , Timmins Ryan , Dow Connor Lee , Coffey Vernon , Camera Donny 
Published: October 2018

Objective Attenuated muscle strength, hypertrophy and power adaptations with combined resistance and endurance (‘concurrent’) training may result from blunted cell signalling. Protein intake potentiates anabolic signalling pathways to facilitate adaptation. We hypothesized that 12 wk concurrent training with a high protein diet would elicit similar adaptations to a) strength, hypertrophy and power compared to resistance training alone, and b) aerobic capacity compared to endurance training.
Methods Thirty-two recreationally active males (age 25±5y; BMI 24±3kg•m-2; mean±SD) performed 12 wk of either resistance (RES; n=10) or endurance (END; n=10) training (3x•w-1), or concurrent training (CET; n=12; 6x•w-1) with a high-protein (2g•kg-1•d-1) diet. Strength (1RM), aerobic capacity (VO2peak) and anaerobic power (Wingate) were assessed PRE and POST. Vastus lateralis biopsies (immunoblotting) and thickness (ultrasound) were assessed PRE, after week 4 (WK4) and 8 (WK8), and POST. Changes were analyzed by two-way ANOVA with repeated measures.
Results Muscle thickness increased PRE to POST by 18% in CET, 14% in RES and 10% in END (P<0.001) and was greater in CET and RES compared to END (P<0.05). Leg press 1RM increased PRE to POST by 24% in CET and 33% in RES (P<0.01) but was not different between CET and RES. VO2peak (L•min-1) increased PRE to POST by 7% in CET and 12% in END (P<0.05) but was not different between CET and END. Wingate peak power (N•kg-1) increased PRE to POST by 10% in RES (P<0.01) and was greater compared to CET and END (P<0.05). Total mTORC1 increased PRE to POST in CET (P<0.001) and was greater in CET compared to RES and END (P<0.01) and RES compared to END (P<0.05).
Conclusions Despite a high protein intake, concurrent training selectively attenuates developments to anaerobic power compared to resistance training. High protein availability may be effective for curtailing interferences to strength and hypertrophy with concurrent training.
PO-143 Effects of treadmill exercise on the expression of corticostriatal mGluRs in hemiparkinsonian rats
Authors: Shi Kaixuan , Liu Xiaoli , Qiao Decai 
Published: October 2018

Objective Exercise therapy has been widely used for the clinical treatment of Parkinson’s Disease (PD). However, the rehabilitation mechanisms involved remain clear. mGluRs play an important role in the progression of PD. In this study, immunohistochemistry and western blot analyses were used to detect the expression of presynaptic corticostriatal mGluR2/3 and postsynaptic mGluR5, and we attempted to investigate the molecular basis of the reconstruction of functional connectivity in the corticostriatal pathways from a mGluR perspective.
Methods Male SD rats (230–250 g) were used as subjects in this experiment. After 1 week of habituation, the rats were randomly assigned to three groups: control group (Control, n = 24), PD group (PD, n = 24) and PD with exercise group (PD + Ex, n = 24). The experimental models were prepared by unilateral injection of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) (2 μg/L, 8 μg) into the medial forebrain bundle, and the control group was administered an equivalent dose of saline solution. The models were evaluated with the apomorphine (APO)-induced rotation test. Two weeks postoperatively, exercise intervention was applied to the PD + Ex group for 4 weeks. Immunohistochemistry and western blot analysis were used to evaluate the expression of presynaptic corticostriatal mGluR2/3 and postsynaptic mGluR1/5.
Results Results showed that the PD + Ex group had a significantly higher level of mGluR2/3 expression (P < 0.01) and significantly lower level of mGluR1/5 expression (P < 0.05) compared with the PD group.
Conclusions Exercise intervention significantly increased the expression of mGluR2/3 and simultaneously reduced the expression of mGluR5, indicating that mGluRs can improve the behavioral function of PD rat models through exercise, and that the reconstruction of the functional connectivity of corticostriatal pathways plays an important role in nervous system regulation.
PO-153 The metabolic changes in the hippocampus of an atherosclerotic rat model and the regulation of exercise
Authors: Liu Beibei , Lou Shujie 
Published: October 2018

Objective atherosclerosis has been associated with the progression of cognitive impairment and dementia. Several features, such as high oxygen consumption, a large content of peroxidation-sensitive polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and a strong dependency on the supply of glucose make the brain vulnerable to even small metabolic changes. The hippocampus is closely related to memory and learning function, and prone to ischemic injury. However, using metabolomics technology to explore metabolites of hippocampus from atherosclerosis animals is rarely reported. We aim to reveal the metabolic changes during atherosclerosis, and clarify the possible role of exercise in regulating hippocampus metabolism.
Methods we established a rat model of atherosclerosis(n=18) along with control group (n=10). The model group was assigned into the AS group (n=8) and the TAS group (n=8), which was intervened by running exercise for 4 weeks. A Y maze test was performed to evaluate initial memory. Metabolomics based on GC-MS was applied to detect small molecules metabolites in rat hippocampus.
Results we found that the AS and TAS group both showed elevation in HDL, meanwhile decrement in TC and LDL after 4 weeks’ intervention. The behavioral test showed rats from AS group entered less frequently into and spent less time in the novel arm than rats from C group (P<0.01), while other indexes showed no difference. Compared to the C group, metabolites including xylulose 5-phosphate, threonine, succinate and nonanoic acid were markedly elevated, whereas methyl arachidonic acid and methyl stearate decreased in the AS group. Meanwhile, the levels of succinic acid, branched chain amino acids, nonanoic acid and desmosterol decreased, whereas methyl arachidonic acid, methyl stearate, and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate elevated in the hippocampus of the TAS group in comparison with the AS group.
Conclusions A series of metabolic changes implicated in the hippocampus of atherosclerotic rats, including a decrease in anaerobic glycolysis and TCA cycle, an activation of pentose phosphate pathway, and a disturbance in fatty acid oxidation and cholesterol synthesis, which could lead to insufficient ATP in the hippocampus and related to the behavioral changes of atherosclerotic rats, while running exercise may take part in regulating metabolism to normal state in the hippocampus of atherosclerotic rats.