bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Novel Perovskite Materials for Thermal Water Splitting at Moderate Temperature
Authors: Azcondo M. Teresa , Orfila María , Marugán Javier , Sanz Raúl , Muñoz‐Noval Alvaro , Salas‐Colera Eduardo , Ritter Clemens , García‐Alvarado Flaviano , Amador Ulises 
Published: July 2019

AbstractMaterials with the formula Sr2CoNb1−xTixO6−δ (x=1.00, 0.70; δ=number of oxygen vacancies) present a cubic perovskite‐like structure. They are easily and reversibly reduced in N2 or Ar and re‐oxidized in air upon heating. Oxidation by water (wet N2), involving splitting of water at a temperature as low as 700 °C, produces hydrogen. Both compounds displayed outstanding H2 production in the first thermochemical cycle, the Sr2CoNb0.30Ti0.70O6−δ material retaining its outstanding performance upon cycling, whereas the hydrogen yield of the x=1 oxide showed a continuous decay. The retention of the materials’ ability to promote water splitting correlated with their structural, chemical, and redox reversibility upon cycling. On reduction/oxidation, Co ions reversibly changed their oxidation state to compensate the release/recovery of oxygen in both compounds. However, in Sr2CoTiO6−δ, two phases with different oxygen contents segregated, whereas in Sr2CoNb0.30Ti0.70O6−δ this effect was not evident. Therefore, this latter material displayed a hydrogen production as high as 410 μmol
g−1perovskite after eight thermochemical cycles at 700 °C, which is among the highest ever reported, making this perovskite a promising candidate for thermosolar water splitting in real devices.
Classification of esophageal and bolus movements for evaluation of swallowing function by ultrasound video processing using optical flow and stable extremal region method
Authors: Suzuki Yutaka , Hatsushika Kyosuke , Masuyama Keisuke , Sakata Osamu , Tanimoto Morimasa , Morisawa Masayuki 
Published: July 2019

AbstractVideo endoscopy (VE) and video fluorography (VF) are the classic inspection methods used for evaluating the function of swallowing, but are disadvantageous as they are invasive. Therefore, we have proposed a noninvasive method that uses pharyngeal ultrasound videos to estimate the internal flow characteristics of foods and evaluates the swallowing function level quantitatively. We are proposing a new method that combines optical flow with Maximally Stable Extremal Regions (MSERs) to extract the movement velocity and position of esophagus and bolus. The results showed that the movement velocity could be used as an indicator to quantify the internal flow characteristics of foods. The displacement of the esophagus indicates the esophageal opening; this could be used as an indicator to evaluate the swallowing. In this study, we confirmed that a classification of esophageal and bolus movements should be performed automatically by the developed method to decrease the evaluation time.
Objective and quantifiable measuring mechanism for assessing flap pliability: Our experience with 92 patients
Authors: Elia Jhonatan , Hassidim Ayal , Billig Allan , Chapchay Katya , Wu Chieh‐Tsai , Hung Shao‐Yu , Cheong David Chon‐Fok , Tsao Chung‐Kan 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundPliability describes a flaps' ability to bend under spatial limitations, yet a quantifiable measurement for this flexibility does not exist.MethodsBetween January 2015 and January 2017, we applied a novel measuring mechanism to two free flaps for head and neck reconstruction. We allocated a flap pliability score (FPS) to these flaps and observed correlations to common variables.ResultsForty profunda artery perforator (PAP) and 52 anterolateral thigh (ALT) flaps were allotted a score depending on how pliable they performed on our test. Proximal PAP and distal ALT were more pliable than their respective opposite ends. Other interesting conclusions regarding these flaps were also made.ConclusionsWith our technique, pliability of the proximal and distal ends of PAP and ALT flaps was ascertained. Herein, we describe an innovative measuring mechanism via which we can allocate a FPS to any flap and thus obtain information regarding how suitable they are for a given recipient site.
Overcoming liabilities of origin: Human resource management localization of Chinese multinational corporations in developed markets
Authors: Ouyang Can , Liu Mingwei , Chen Yan , Li Ji , Qin Weiping 
Published: July 2019

AbstractDespite the rapid growth of Chinese outward foreign direct investment in developed markets, many Chinese multinational corporations (MNCs) suffer from liabilities of origin (LOR)—capability‐ and legitimacy‐based disadvantages associated with the country of origin. This study identifies localization as a strategic mechanism through which Chinese MNCs overcome their LOR. With a specific focus on human resource management (HRM), we examine how factors associated with firms' perceived LOR, including springboard intent, local competition, and host country regulatory pressures, affect Chinese MNCs' adoption of local HRM practices in developed markets. We differentiate HRM practices that managers intend to adopt from those that are actually implemented and explore how state ownership affects the intention–implementation gap. Based on a sample of Chinese MNCs in the United States, we find that springboard intent, local competition, and host country regulatory pressures are positively associated with intended, but not implemented, HRM localization. Further examination demonstrates that springboard intent and local competition have significant effects on implemented HRM localization among private businesses but not in state‐owned enterprises (SOEs). The managerial constraints and resource endowment of Chinese SOEs may hinder their overseas subsidiaries from implementing local HRM practices to address LOR.
The effect of insured liabilities on the demand for external audits: The case of privately‐held United States banks
Authors: Hoelscher Jamie , Reed Brad J. , Sierra Gregory 
Published: July 2019

AbstractWe examine the relationship between government insurance for bank deposits and bank management's voluntary audit choice for a set of privately‐held U.S. banks. Unlikely publicly‐traded banks, U.S. regulations do not require private banks to obtain annual audits. However, all U.S. banks have the feature of insurance on customer deposits that is provided by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation—these insured customer deposits comprise a significant portion of the debt of most banks. Consistent with prior research we find that the voluntary choice to be audited is positively related to agency costs as measured by the size of bank assets. Our results show a negative association between a bank's insured deposits and the choice to be audited but (consistent with prior literature) a positive association with uninsured liabilities. In addition, we hypothesize and find that the bank's voluntary audit choice is positively related to the bank's growth rate and related to the bank's primary federal regulator. Taken together, these findings are consistent with the notion that audits create value primarily for uninsured depositors and have implications for bank managers, their customers, and regulators.
Efficacy, Safety, and Tolerability of ONO‐4474, an Orally Available Pan‐Tropomyosin Receptor Kinase Inhibitor, in Japanese Patients With Moderate to Severe Osteoarthritis of the Knee: A Randomized, Placebo‐Controlled, Double‐Blind, Parallel‐Group Comparative Study
Authors: Ishiguro Naoki , Oyama Shusuke , Higashi Ryunosuke , Yanagida Kunio 
Published: July 2019

AbstractWe examined the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of ONO‐4474 in Japanese patients with osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee. In this multicenter, placebo‐controlled, randomized, double‐blind, parallel‐group comparative study, patients with moderate to severe OA who were refractory to nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs were orally administered 100 mg of ONO‐4474 twice daily for 28 days. The primary end point was knee pain during walking, assessed by visual analog scale over 24 hours (VAS24). Treatment‐emergent adverse events (TEAEs) and adverse drug reactions were reported for safety. In total, 110 patients were randomized (1:1) to receive placebo or ONO‐4474. The mean (standard deviation) change in VAS24 scores at week 4 was −26.9 (25.0) mm in the ONO‐4474 group and −19.5 (19.6) mm in the placebo group. The difference (ONO‐4474 group − placebo group) in posterior mean change in VAS24 at week 4 was −5.8 (posterior standard deviation, 4.4; 95% confidence interval, −14.3 to 2.8) mm. TEAEs were reported in 41.8% of patients in the ONO‐4474 group and 18.2% of patients in the placebo group. The most common TEAEs in the ONO‐4474 group related to the musculoskeletal system and the peripheral and central nervous systems were myalgia (7.3%), arthralgia (5.5%), dizziness (3.6%), and hypoesthesia (3.6%). Four patients from the ONO‐4474 group and 1 patient from the placebo group discontinued treatment because of AEs; however, none were judged to be serious, and all patients recovered or were recovering after discontinuation. ONO‐4474 is a novel tropomyosin receptor kinase inhibitor that has an analgesic effect in patients with OA.
Ochronotic pigmentation is caused by homogentisic acid and is the key event in alkaptonuria leading to the destructive consequences of the disease—A review
Authors: Ranganath Lakshminarayan R. , Norman Brendan P. , Gallagher James A. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractOchronosis is the process in alkaptonuria (AKU) that causes all the debilitating morbidity. The process involves selective deposition of homogentisic acid (HGA)‐derived pigment in tissues altering the properties of these tissues, leading to their failure. Some tissues like cartilage are more easily affected by ochronosis while others such as the liver and brain are unaffected for reasons that are still not understood. In vitro and mouse models of ochronosis have confirmed the dose relationships between HGA and ochronosis and also their modulation by p‐hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase inhibition. Ochronosis cannot be fully reversed and is a key factor in influencing treatment decisions. Earlier detection of ochronosis preferably by noninvasive means is desirable. A cause‐effect relationship between HGA and ochronosis is discussed. The similarity in AKU and familial hypercholesterolaemia is explored and lessons learnt. More research is needed to more fully understand the crucial nature of ochronosis.
Molecular analysis of human adenoviruses in hospitalized children <5 years old with acute gastroenteritis in Tehran, Iran
Authors: Arashkia Arash , Bahrami Ferial , Farsi Mahsa , Nejati Behrooz , Jalilvand Somayeh , Nateghian Alireza , Rahbarimanesh Aliakbar , Shoja Zabihollah 
Published: July 2019

AbstractHuman adenoviruses (HAdVs), especially AdV‐40 and 41, are common causes of nonbacterial sporadic and outbreak gastroenteritis in children. The present study aimed to describe the frequency and genetic analysis of HAdVs in hospitalized children <5 years old with acute gastroenteritis. A total of 376 stool samples obtained from June 2015 to December 2017 were investigated for the presence of HAdVs by polymerase chain reaction. The HAdV DNA was detected in 16 (4.3%) out of 376 stool samples. Based on the hexon hypervariable region (HVR), B, C, and F HADV species including five types HAdV‐1, 2, 3, 6, and 41 were identified, among which enteric AdV species F (EAdV‐41) was the most dominant. Moreover, our findings showed the presence of genomic type cluster 1 (GTC1) pattern in Iranian type 41 strains, which was closely similar to the D1 prototype strain (Tak) and D28. In this regard, a recombination was found in AdV‐41 strains presenting the hexon sequence that belonged to GTC1, while fiber sequence clustered with GTC2.
Radiofrequency catheter ablation of accessory pathways at the site of prior valve surgery
Authors: Uhm Jae‐Sun , Kim Jun , Jin Moo‐Nyun , Kim In‐Soo , Cho Min Soo , Yang Pil‐Sung , Yu Hee Tae , Kim Tae‐Hoon , Joung Boyoung , Pak Hui‐Nam , Nam Gi‐Byoung , Choi Kee‐Joon , Kim You‐Ho , Hwang Chun , Lee Moon‐Hyoung 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundRadiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA) for accessory pathways (APs) at the site of prior valve surgery (VS) remains challenging. We aimed to clarify the factors associated with successful RFCA for such APs.MethodsUpon reviewing a RFCA registry and previous case reports, we included nine patients who underwent RFCA of APs at the site of prior VS (total‐VS group; age, 34.0 [24.5‐45.0] years; men, 4/9) and 196 patients who underwent RFCA of APs with no history of VS (no‐VS group; age, 40.5 [23.0‐54.0] years; men, 114/196). Electrophysiological features, procedural details, and outcomes were examined.ResultsAccessory pathway exhibited decremental conduction in four of nine patients in the total‐VS group. The number of RFCA attempts was significantly higher in the total‐VS group than in the no‐VS group (10.0 [4.5‐14.5] vs 2.0 [1.0‐3.0];P < 0.001). In four patients who underwent mitral VS, successful RFCA was achieved using the transaortic approach, coronary sinus (CS) approach, or bipolar ablation. In three patients who underwent tricuspid VS, successful RFCA was achieved using the above‐prosthetics or trans‐prosthetics approach. In two patients, RFCA failed. The trans‐prosthetics approach and bipolar ablation technique were effective. The transaortic and CS approaches were occasionally effective. The transseptal approach was ineffective.ConclusionsSuccessful RFCA of APs at the site of prior VS can be achieved by detailed mapping of the areas both above and below the prosthetic valve, as well as by ensuring effective radiofrequency energy delivery using various catheter approaches and RFCA techniques.
Characterizing monthly temperature variability states and associated meteorology across southern South America
Authors: Detzer Judah , Loikith Paul C. , Pampuch Luana Albertani , Mechoso C. Roberto , Barkhordarian Armineh , Lee Huikyo 
Published: July 2019

AbstractKey spatiotemporal patterns of monthly scale temperature variability are characterized over southern South America using k‐means clustering. The resulting clusters reveal patterns of temperature variability, referred to as temperature variability states. Analysis is performed over summer and winter months separately using data covering the period 1980–2015. Results for both seasons show four primary temperature variability states. In both seasons, one state is primarily characterized by warm temperature anomalies across the domain while another is characterized by cold anomalies. The other two patterns tend to be characterized by a warm north–cold south and cold north–warm south feature. This suggests two primary modes of temperature variability over the region. Composites of synoptic‐scale meteorological patterns (wind, geopotential height, and moisture fields) are computed for months assigned to each cluster to diagnose the driving meteorology associated with these variability states. Results suggest that low‐level temperature advection promoted by anomalies in atmospheric circulation patterns is a key process for driving these variability states. Moisture‐related processes also are shown to play a role, especially in summer. The El Niño–Southern Oscillation and the Southern Annular Mode exhibit some relationship with temperature variability state frequency, with some states more common during amplified phases of these two modes than others. However, the climate modes are not a primary driver of the temperature variability states.
A Bioactive Coating Enhances Bone Allografts in Rat Models of Bone Formation and Critical Defect Repair
Authors: Cheng Tegan L. , Leblanc Elisabeth , Kalinina Anastassia , Cantrill Laurence C. , Valtchev Peter , Dehghani Fariba , Little David G. , Schindeler Aaron 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTBone allografts are inferior to autografts for the repair of critical‐sized defects. Prior studies have suggested that bone morphogenetic protein‐2 (BMP‐2) can be combined with allografts to produce superior healing. We created a bioactive coating on bone allografts using polycondensed deoxyribose isobutyrate ester (PDIB) polymer to deliver BMP‐2 ± the bisphosphonate zoledronic acid (ZA) and tested its ability to enhance the functional utility of allografts in preclinical Wistar rat models. One ex vivo and two in vivo proof‐of‐concept studies were performed. First, PDIB was shown to be able to coat bone grafts (BGs). Second, PDIB was used to coat structural allogenic corticocancellous BG with BMP‐2 ± ZA ± hydroxyapatite (HA) microparticles and compared with PDIB‐coated grafts in a rat muscle pouch model. Next, a rat critical defect model was performed with treatment groups including (i) empty defect, (ii) BG, (iii) collagen sponge + BMP‐2, (iv) BG + PDIB/BMP‐2, and (v) BG + PDIB/BMP‐2/ZA. Key outcome measures included detection of fluorescent bone labels, microcomputed tomography (CT) quantification of bone, and radiographic healing. In the muscle pouch study, BMP‐2 did not increase net bone volume measured by microCT, however, fluorescent labeling showed large amounts of new bone. Addition of ZA increased BV by sevenfold (p < 0.01). In the critical defect model, allografts were insufficient to promote reliable union, however, union was achieved in collagen/BMP‐2 and all BG/BMP‐2 groups. Statement of clinical significance: These data support the concept that PDIB is a viable delivery method for BMP‐2 and ZA delivery to enhance the bone forming potential of allografts. © 2019 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 37:2278–2286, 2019
Trends of INR and Fecal Excretion of Vitamin K During Cholestasis Reversal: Implications in the Treatment of Neonates With Intestinal Failure–Associated Liver Disease
Authors: Dao Duy T. , Anez‐Bustillos Lorenzo , Finkelstein Adam M. , Mitchell Paul D. , O'Loughlin Alison A. , Fell Gillian L. , Baker Meredith A. , Potemkin Alexis K. , Gura Kathleen M. , Puder Mark 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundVitamin K is a fat‐soluble compound that plays important roles in coagulation. In children with intestinal failure–associated liver disease (IFALD), the disrupted enterohepatic circulation can lead to intestinal loss of vitamin K. Fish oil–based lipid emulsion (FOLE) has proven effective in treating IFALD. As biliary excretion is restored during cholestasis reversal, the accelerated vitamin K loss can pose a risk for deficiency.MethodsTen neonates with IFALD and receiving FOLE monotherapy were prospectively enrolled in the study from 2016 to 2018. In addition to weekly measurements of international normalized ratio (INR) and direct bilirubin (DB), ostomy output was collected for determination of fecal concentrations of phylloquinone (PK). Trends of DB, INR, and fecal PK concentrations were summarized with locally estimated scatterplot smoothing.ResultsThe median time (interquartile range) from FOLE initiation to cholestasis reversal was 59 (19–78) days. During cholestasis reversal, INR remained relatively unchanged, whereas the mean (95% confidence interval) daily fecal excretion of PK increased from 25.1 (5.0–158.5) ng at the time of FOLE initiation to 158.5 (31.6–1000.0) ng at complete reversal. Examination of individual trends in fecal PK excretion and INR revealed little correlation between the 2 measurements (r = −0.10; P = 0.50).ConclusionChildren with IFALD are at risk for vitamin K deficiency during cholestasis reversal. Close monitoring and quantified supplementation of vitamin K may be warranted during this period. However, this should not be guided by INR alone, as it is a poor indicator of vitamin K status.
Isolation and identification of zinc‐chelating peptides from sea cucumber (Stichopus japonicus) protein hydrolysate
Authors: Liu Xiaoyang , Wang Zixu , Zhang Jing , Song Liang , Li Deyang , Wu Zixuan , Zhu Beiwei , Nakamura Yoshimasa , Shahidi Fereidoon , Yu Chenxu , Zhou Dayong 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDZinc is known to play an essential role in the biological activities in the human body. In this study, a zinc‐chelating peptide (ZCP) produced by Alcalase‐assisted hydrolysis of the body wall of sea cucumber was isolated and identified. The ZCP was purified stepwise by ultrafiltration, anion‐exchange chromatography, and gel filtration chromatography, in conjunction with ultraviolet–visual (UV–visual) spectrophotometry, which was used to analyze each purified fraction.RESULTSAnalysis of the purified ZCP revealed that its zinc‐chelating ability was 33.31%. Analysis of isothermal titration calorimetry suggested that the binding of ZCP and zinc (N ≈ 2) was endothermic, with weak binding affinity. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy spectra (FTIR) indicated that carboxylic and amide groups in ZCP were the primary binding sites of Zn. Sequencing the result by ultra‐performance liquid chromatography‐quadrupole/time of flight mass spectrometry (UPLC‐Q‐TOF‐MS/MS) showed that a representative ZCP had the sequence WLTPTYPE with a molecular weight of 1005.5 Da.CONCLUSIONThese results provide a promising foundation for the production of zinc supplements from sea‐cucumber‐derived ZCPs. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
The International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies New Guidelines for the Prevention and Treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Methodology and Development Process
Authors: Bisson Jonathan I. , Berliner Lucy , Cloitre Marylene , Forbes David , Jensen Tine K. , Lewis Catrin , Monson Candice M. , Olff Miranda , Pilling Stephen , Riggs David S. , Roberts Neil P. , Shapiro Francine 
Published: July 2019

AbstractOver the last two decades, treatment guidelines have become major aids in the delivery of evidence‐based care and improvement of clinical outcomes. The International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies (ISTSS) produced the first guidelines for the prevention and treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in 2000 and published its latest recommendations, along with position papers on complex PTSD (CPTSD), in November 2018. A rigorous methodology was developed and followed; scoping questions were posed, systematic reviews were undertaken, and 361 randomized controlled trials were included according to the a priori agreed inclusion criteria. In total, 208 meta‐analyses were conducted and used to generate 125 recommendations (101 for adults and 24 for children and adolescents) for specific prevention and treatment interventions, using an agreed definition of clinical importance and recommendation setting algorithm. There were eight strong, eight standard, five low effect, 26 emerging evidence, and 78 insufficient evidence to recommend recommendations. The inclusion of separate scoping questions on treatments for complex presentations of PTSD was considered but decided against due to definitional issues and the virtual absence of studies specifically designed to clearly answer possible scoping questions in this area. Narrative reviews were undertaken and position papers prepared (one for adults and one for children and adolescents) to consider the current issues around CPTSD and make recommendations to facilitate further research. This paper describes the methodology and results of the ISTSS Guideline process and considers the interpretation and implementation of the recommendations.