bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
KURUMSAL SOSYAL SORUMLULUK VE AKTİVİZM: İLİŞKİSEL DÜZLEMDE EPİSTEMOLOJİK BİR YÖNELİM
Authors: ARKLAN Ümit , KARTAL Nurullah Zafer 
Published: February 2019

Yaşadığımız dönemde kurumsal vatandaşlığın gereği ve emaresi olarak önem taşıyan kurumsal sosyal sorumluluk; ekonomik, yasal, etik ve sosyal (hayırseverlik) boyutlarıyla, sadece toplumdaki bireylerin hassasiyetlerinden ötürü değil, aynı zamanda kurumsal yapıların kazanımlar sağlayabilmek veya olumsuzlukları bertaraf edebilmek adına da girişimlerde bulunduğu bir uygulama alanıdır. Bahsi geçen kazanımlar ve olumsuzluklar noktasında temel motivasyon kaynağı niteliğindeki olgulardan biri ise, aktivizmdir. Kurumların varoluş nedenleri olan faaliyetleri gerçekleştirirken hedef kitlenin istek, beklenti ve şikayetlerine gereken ilgiyi göstermemesi, sorumluluklarını yerine getirme noktasında yeterli hassasiyeti taşımaması, onları aktivizm hareketleriyle karşı karşıya bırakabilmektedir. Hal böyle olunca, aktivizm, tüm kurumsal yapıların göz önünde bulundurarak hareket etmesi gereken bir olgu olarak gündeme gelmektedir. Bu bağlamda, çalışmada, kurumsal sosyal sorumluk boyutları ve aktivizm ilişkisini epistemolojik bir yaklaşımla ortaya koyma amacı taşınmaktadır. Kuramsal tartışmalarda betimlenen kurumsal sosyal sorumluluk ve aktivizm ilişkisinin, örnek durum çalışması olarak alınan ilk halkla ilişkiler örneklerinden Colorado kömür grevi ve son örneklerden Deepwater Horizon patlaması olaylarıyla da gerçek hayattaki tezahürü gözler önüne serilmektedir. Değerlendirmeler sonucunda, geçmişten bugüne kurumların aktivizm hareketlerini ortadan kaldırmak için, yerine getirmedikleri kurumsal sosyal sorumluluk boyutunu uygulamaya koyma ya da sorumluluk boyutlarının en gözde ve en kabul edilebilir olan sosyal (hayırseverlik) boyutuna ağırlık verme yoluna gidebildikleri bulgulanmakta ve bu durum gerekçeleriyle birlikte tartışılmaktadır.
Novel AGR-EOR Compression Integration for Process Optimization
Authors: Amhamed Abdukarem , Abotaleb Ahmed 
Published: February 2019

Summary
In this work we aim to enhance the sour-gas loading in acid-gas removal (AGR) systems, maximizing oil-production rate at the tertiary phase and enhanced oil recovery (EOR), and mitigating vented carbon dioxide (CO2) with minimal modification to the existing systems. We conducted a simulation study on the basis of a real natural-gas liquids (NGLs) plant and Qatari oil wells with a 390-MMscf/D feed of sour gas using HYSYS and ProMax process simulation tools to evaluate the novel configurations compared with a conventional AGR system.
The results show that the acid-gas loading improved from 0.48 to 0.81, and the amine circulation rate decreased by 40%, while maintaining the treated-gas quality specifications (4 ppm H2S, 1 mol% CO2). The required CO2 compression power for CO2-EOR decreased by 15.49%, and the oil production was enhanced by 1,360 B/D. In addition, 13.6 MMscf/D of CO2 is mitigated and used rather than vented.
Propofol attenuated the effect of TNF-α on occludin expression by inhibiting HIF-1α/VEGF/VEGFR-2/ERK signaling pathway in hCMEC/D3 cells
Authors: Zhang Yue , Ding Xiaowei , Miao Changhong , Chen Jiawei 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Purpose

The levels of tight junction proteins (TJs), especially occludin correlate with blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption caused by central nervous system (CNS) inflammation during perioperative period. It has been reported that propofol, the most commonly used anesthetic, could inhibit inflammation response in CNS. In this study, we investigated the effects of TNF-α and propofol on occludin expression in human cerebral microvascular endothelial cell line, D3 clone (hCMEC/D3 cells), and explored the underlying mechanisms.

Methods

The hCMEC/D3 cells were treated with propofol, followed by TNF-α. The expression and phosphorylation of HIF-1α, VEGF, VEGFR-2, ERK and occludin were measured by Western blot analysis.

Results

TNF-α (10 ng/ml, 4 h) significantly decreased the expression of occludin, which was attenuated by propofol (25 μM). TNF-α induced HIF-1α/VEGF/VEGFR-2/ERK signaling pathway, while propofol could inhibit it. In addition, the inhibitors of HIF-1α, VEGF, VEGFR-2, and ERK could reduce the effect of TNF-α on occludin expression.

Conclusion

TNF-α could decrease the expression of occludin via HIF-1α/VEGF/VEGFR-2/ERK signaling pathway, which was attenuated by propofol.
Electric vagal nerve stimulation inhibits inflammation and improves postoperation cognitive dysfunction in aged rats
Authors: Xiong Jun , Wang Huijun , Sun Yongxing 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Objective This study aimed to evaluate effects of vagal nerve stimulation on postoperation cognitive dysfunction in aged rats.
Material and Methods: A total of 33 male SD rats were ssigned randomly to three groups, the control group, the s group and sv group. Behavior and memory were evaluated by Open Field Test and Morris Water Maze. The cytokines level were measured by ELISA. The TNF-α protein in hippocampal zone were assessed by Western blotting. qPCR was used to detected the mRNA expression of NF-κB in hippocampus.
Results: During the anesthesia/operation, the vital life signs of rats were stable. In SV group, vagal nerve stimulation could decrease heart rate lower than 10% of basic level and kept it at a stable range by regulation of stimulation intensity. After stimulation stop, the heart rate would return to the basic level again. This indicated that the model of vagal nerve stimulation was successful. The serum inflammatory cytokines of TNF-α and IL-6 increased by the operation/anesthesia, but these cytokines could be decreased by the vagal nerve stimulation (all P<0.05). The level of TNF-α protein and mRNA expression of NF-κB in hippocampus were also eliminated by the vagal nerve stimulation compared to S group (P<0.05). The Morris Water Maze results showed the escape latency of postoperation in the S group was significantly longer than the C group (P<0.05), and the times of crossing platform in the S group was lower than that of the C group (P<0.05). Although the escape latency of postopration in the SV group was shorter than that of the S group, there was no significant difference between two groups. There were no significant differences in behavior test by Open Field test between three groups.
Conclusion The inflammation caused by the operation and general anesthesia was an important reason of postoperation cognitive dysfunction, and electric vagal nerve stimulation could inhibit this inflammation. Meanwhile, vagal nerve stimulation could ameliorate postoperation cognitive dysfunction partly, but the protective effects were not enough and should be studied and improved in the future.
Dexamethasone for the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting in children undergoing non-cardiac surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Shen Qihong , Li Hui-fang , Zhou Xu-yan , Yuan Xiao-zong 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is a frequent and distressing complication of general anaesthesia in paediatric patients. Dexamethasone was reported to prevent PONV in previous randomized controlled trials (RCTs). The purpose of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the role of dexamethasone in the prevention of PONV in children undergoing non-cardiac surgery.
METHODS: PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, and Web of Science were searched to identify randomized trials that reported the efﬁcacy of perioperative dexamethasone in paediatric non-cardiac surgical patients.
RESULTS: Fourteen randomized controlled trials that included 1700 children were included. Compared with placebo, dexamethasone showed a lower incidence of PONV by intravenous injection (RR 0.38, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.30–0.49) and by local infiltration (RR 0.58, 95% CI 0.34–0.99). The combination of dexamethasone and a 5-HT3 receptor antagonist was more effective than the 5-HT3 antagonist or dexamethasone alone in preventing PONV.
CONCLUSION: Perioperative dexamethasone was an effective measure with few complications for preventing PONV in children after non-cardiac surgery.
Inhibition effect of dissolved organic matter in secondary-treated municipal wastewater on corrosion of N80 carbon steel
Authors: Shen Zhanhui , Zhang Shuzhan , Dong Xingyi , Shi Jialu , Fan Jing , Li JianSheng 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Secondary-treated municipal wastewater (MWW) is the alternative water source in recirculating cooling water systems. Municipal wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluent was collected and four fractions including hydrophobic acidic (HPOA), hydrophobic alkaline (HPOB), weakly hydrophobic (WHPO) and hydrophilic (HPI) organics were isolated from the effluent by using DAX-8/XAD-4 resin. We used potentiodynamic polarization (PDP) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) to investigate corrosion characteristics of N80 carbon steel in the different water samples and control samples. In contrast with control samples, the corrosion rate of N80 carbon steel decreased 41%, 23%, 18% and 4% in the presence of HPOA, HPOB, WHPO and HPI, respectively. The results were further confirmed by the EIS test. In the presence of the four fractions (especially HPOA), the radius of the semicircle in the Nyquist plot was much larger than that for the control samples, which indicated that the impedance in the EIS test of the HPOA sample was much higher than that of the control sample. The dissolved organic matter (DOM) could adsorb onto the surface of the electrode and form a protective film, which could inhibit electron transfer and increase the electrochemical impedance of the electrochemical test system.
PHPN: The Many Faces of the PH Professional Network
Authors: Bartlett Mary , Stewart Traci , Wilson Melisa 
Published: February 2019

Section Editor's Note: Our authors for the following Pulmonary Hypertension Professional Network (PHPN) article are both leaders within our organization as well as veterans to the field of pulmonary hypertension. Traci Stewart is a nurse clinician specialist in pulmonary hypertension and cardiomyopathy. Traci is the Immediate Past Chair of the PHPN. Melisa Wilson is a nurse practitioner specializing in pulmonary hypertension and heart failure. Melisa is the current PHPN Chair.
The design of this article gives Traci and Melisa a platform to speak about the history of the PHPN and the benefits of a PHPN membership. They will also touch on the importance of being involved and taking advantage of the opportunity to help shape our dynamic organization.
The Role of Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists in the Management of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction
Authors: Papagiannis Achilleas , Alkagiet Stelina , Tziomalos Konstantinos 
Published: February 2019

Background:
Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is associated with increased risk
for hospitalization and all-cause mortality. Currently, there is no established treatment to improve the survival of
these patients. Aldosterone appears to play a role in the pathogenesis of HFpEF.

Objective:
To discuss the findings of studies that evaluated the effects of mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) antagonists
on the outcome of patients with HFpEF.

Methods:
PubMed was searched for relevant papers. References of retrieved articles were also evaluated for
pertinent material.

Results:
Accumulating data suggest that MR antagonists might be useful in the management of patients with
HFpEF. However, existing evidence is limited and conflicting.

Conclusions:
More studies are needed to clearly define the therapeutic potential of MR antagonists in HFpEF.
Given the heterogeneity of this disease and the low specificity of the criteria used for its diagnosis, it is also important
to improve the definition of HFpEF and include appropriately selected patients in these studies.
The Role of Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists in Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction
Authors: Papademetriou Vasilios , Toumpourleka Maria , Imprialos Konstantinos P. , Alataki Sofia , Manafis Alexandros , Stavropoulos Konstantinos 
Published: February 2019

Background:Heart failure (HF) is a worldwide modern epidemic, associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Several causes have been identified for the syndrome, most of which share common pathophysiologic pathways, including neurohormonal activation. Central to the latter lies activation of the reninangiotensin- aldosterone system, and its effects on cardiovascular disease progression.Objectives:The aim of this review is to summarize the pathophysiology of aldosterone and the effects of its blockage in the failing heart, as well as to provide state-of-the-art evidence, and address future perspectives regarding the use of mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction.Method:Literature was reviewed for studies that assess the pathophysiology of aldosterone in HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), and the effects of mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs) in this condition.Results:Several major society guidelines have synthesized the available evidence on HFrEF management, and drugs that block the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system at different levels continue to form the key component of standard of care for these patients. Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists are an important part of HFrEF pharmacologic treatment, and their use is supported by a high level of evidence studies. This class of drugs demonstrated significant benefits for morbidity and mortality, across the spectrum oh HFrEF, including patients after acute myocardial infarction.Conclusion:Current evidence supports the central role of aldosterone in HFrEF progression, and the significant benefits on outcomes with the use of MRAs.
Pharmacophores Modeling in Terms of Prediction of Theoretical Physicochemical Properties and Verification by EXPERIMENTAL correlations of Carbacylamidophosphates (CAPh) and Sulfanylamidophosphates (SAPh) Tested as New Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors
Authors: Amirkhanov Vladimir , Rauf Abdur , Hadda Taibi Ben , Ovchynnikov Vladimir , Trush Viktor , Saleem Muhammad , Raza Muslam , Rehman Tayyeba , Zgou Hsaine , Shaheen Usama , Farghaly Thoraya A. 
Published: February 2019

Background:The function of Carbonic anhydrase is to facilitate the physiological process i.e. interconversion of CO2 to HCO3 - by hydration. Carbonic anhydrase enzyme plays a vital role in different physiological processes to regulate pH as well as regulate the inner environment of CO2 and secretion of electrolytes.Methods:Six representatives of amidophosphate derivatives (L1-L6) were synthesized and evaluated for their biological activities against carbonic anhydrase enzyme.Results:Out of six derivatives, L1 (IC50 = 12.5 ± 1.35 µM), and L2 (IC50 = 3.12 ± 0.45 µM) showed potent activity against BCA-II. While (L3, L4 and L5) showed weak inhibitory activity with IC50 values of 24.5 ± 2.25, 55.5± 1.60, and 75.5 ± 1.25 µM, respectively and were found to be weak inhibitors of carbonic anhydrase as compared to acetazolamide (IC50 =0.12± 0.03µM), used as standard inhibitor. A computational Petra/Osiris/Molinspiration/DFT (POM/DFT) based model has been expanded for the determination of physicochemical parameters governing the bioactivity amidophosphate derivatives (L1-L6) containing (O1 --- O2) pharmacophore site. The six compounds (L1-L6) analyzed here were previously experimentally and now virtually screened for their anti-carbonic anhydrase activity.:A computational Petra/Osiris/Molinspiration/DFT (POM/DFT) based model has been expanded for the determination of physicochemical parameters governing the bioactivity amidophosphate derivatives (L1-L6) containing (O1 --- O2) pharmacophore site. The six compounds (L1-L6) analyzed here were previously experimentally and now virtually screened for their anti-carbonic anhydrase activity.Conclusion:The highest anti-carbonic anhydrase activity was obtained for compound L2, which exhibited excellent bioactivity (% of inhibition = 95%), comparable to acetazolamide (% of inhibition = 89%). The compound L3 represents increased activity as compared to its analogues (L4-L6). The increase of bioactivity from L3 to L4-L6 could be attributed to the presence of a minimum of steric effect of substituents of P=O moiety which plays a decisive template part in the organization of anti-carbonic anhydrase (O1---O2) phramacophore site. Moreover, it is inexpensive, has little side effects and possible inclusions in selective anti-carbonic anhydrase agents design.
Long-term Stabilization of Aqueous Doxycycline Formulations, in Mucoadhesive Hydrogels for Treatment of Oral Mucosal Conditions
Authors: Patlolla Venu G.R. , Holbrook William P. , Gizurarson Sveinbjorn , Kristmundsdottir Thordis 
Published: February 2019

Background:
The main aim of this work was to develop stable (>2 years) doxycycline formulation,
at clinically relevant concentrations and using clinically relevant formulation. Doxycycline has a
MMP- inhibitory effects that is important for the treatment of various oral mucosal conditions. Therefore,
protecting doxycycline from degradation in aqueous formulation requires halting or prevention of oxidation
and epimerisation of the active compound.

Methods:
Stabilizing excipients were intuitively put together to enhance the stability as a cumulative effort.
A total of 30 hydrogels were compared with different types and concentrations of stability enhancing
excipients, pH, storage temperatures (4, 25 and 40°C) and mucoadhesive polymers. The duration of the
study was from day 1 and up to 58 months. The gelation temperature was adjusted below the actual body
temperature. The complexation efficiency between the doxycycline and HPβCD was studied using the
DSC, FTIR and XRPD.

Results:
The majority of formulations at 4°C were highly stable by the end of 58 months and their stabilities
were improved at all 3 temperatures.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, it is possible to prevent doxycycline from both oxidation and epimerization in
an aqueous formulation, for up to 5 years.
Treatment with Paracetamol is not Associated with Increased Airway Sensitivity and Risk of Asthma in Rats
Authors: Lacerda Ribeiro Marco Túlio , Paes Porto Hellen Karine , de Oliveira Daniel Fernandes , da Silva Castro Patrícia Ferreira , Rocha Matheus Lavorenti 
Published: February 2019

Background:Some studies have linked the use of paracetamol (PAR) with adverse effects like wheezing, exacerbation of asthma symptoms and other respiratory problems. Other studies are inconclusive or deny this correlation. This makes the association between PAR and airway hypersensitivity very controversial and still under debate.Objective:This work investigated if chronic treatment with PAR in rats could directly affect the contraction and relaxation for different stimulus in isolated airways.Methods:Rats were treated for 2 weeks with PAR (400 mg/Kg, v.o.). The blood was collected for biochemical analysis (alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), TBARs reaction and glutathione) and isolated tracheal rings were prepared in organ bath to measure isometric tone after contractile and relaxant stimulus.Results:Hepatic enzymes (ALT, AST) and lipid peroxidation were increased after PAR-treatment, while glutathione was decreased. Rats do not present any alteration in airway myocytes responsiveness, either to contractile or relaxant stimulus (i.e. cholinergic agonist, membrane depolarization, Ca2+ influx across sarcolemma, internal Ca2+ release from sarcoplasmic reticulum, Ca2+ channel blocking, β-agonist and NOmediating relaxation).Conclusion:Despite increased oxidative stress and reduced antioxidant defense, chronic treatment with PAR does not induce airway hypersensitivity or risk of asthma in rats.
Therapeutic Potential of Amniotic Fluid Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Based on their Differentiation Capacity and Immunomodulatory Properties
Authors: Harrell Carl R. , Gazdic Marina , Fellabaum Crissy , Jovicic Nemanja , Djonov Valentin , Arsenijevic Nebojsa , Volarevic Vladislav 
Published: February 2019

Background:Amniotic Fluid Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells (AF-MSCs) are adult, fibroblast- like, self-renewable, multipotent stem cells. During the last decade, the therapeutic potential of AF-MSCs, based on their huge differentiation capacity and immunomodulatory characteristics, has been extensively explored in animal models of degenerative and inflammatory diseases.Objective:In order to describe molecular mechanisms responsible for the therapeutic effects of AFMSCs, we summarized current knowledge about phenotype, differentiation potential and immunosuppressive properties of AF-MSCs.Methods:An extensive literature review was carried out in March 2018 across several databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, Google Scholar), from 1990 to present. Keywords used in the selection were: “amniotic fluid derived mesenchymal stem cells”, “cell-therapy”, “degenerative diseases”, “inflammatory diseases”, “regeneration”, “immunosuppression”. Studies that emphasized molecular and cellular mechanisms responsible for AF-MSC-based therapy were analyzed in this review.Results:AF-MSCs have huge differentiation and immunosuppressive potential. AF-MSCs are capable of generating cells of mesodermal origin (chondrocytes, osteocytes and adipocytes), neural cells, hepatocytes, alveolar epithelial cells, insulin-producing cells, cardiomyocytes and germ cells. AF-MSCs, in juxtacrine or paracrine manner, regulate proliferation, activation and effector function of immune cells. Due to their huge differentiation capacity and immunosuppressive characteristic, transplantation of AFMSCs showed beneficent effects in animal models of degenerative and inflammatory diseases of nervous, respiratory, urogenital, cardiovascular and gastrointestinal system.Conclusion:Considering the fact that amniotic fluid is obtained through routine prenatal diagnosis, with minimal invasive procedure and without ethical concerns, AF-MSCs represents a valuable source for cell-based therapy of organ-specific or systemic degenerative and inflammatory diseases.
Human Leukocyte Antigens (HLA) Genes Association in Type 1 Diabetic Nephropathy
Authors: Mihoubi Esma , Amroun Habiba , Raache Rachida , Bouldjennet Faiza , Meçabih Fethi , Azzouz Malha , Boudiba Aissa , Mahgoun Souad , Akachouche Malika , Salhi Nawel , Touil-Boukoffa Chafia , Abbadi Mohamed C. , Attal Nabila 
Published: February 2019

Background:Diabetic nephropathy is a common worldwide multifactorial disease where involvement of genetic factors is well etablished. The aim of this study was to investigate the HLA genes implication in the development of type 1 diabetic nephropathy.Methods:We performed a case- control study where one hundred and fifty subjects were examined. Patients were divided in two groups; with and without type 1 diabetic nephropathy. HLA typing was performed using Polymerase Chain Reaction- Sequence Specific Oligonucleotide (PCR- SSO) method. HLA association to clinical phenotype and HLA haplotype analysis was also investigated.Results:HLA B*51 is increased in patients without type 1 diabetic nephropathy (7.14% vs. 0 %, P <0.05, OR= 0), however no other studied alleles seem to have any effect (all P>0.05). Haplotype analysis also does not reveal any significant association, however, A*02-B*18-DRB1*03-DQA1*05- DQB1*03 haplotype shows a tendency to be associated with the development of diabetic nephropathy (P = 0.05).Conclusion:These results suggest a protective effect of HLA B*51 allele from type 1 diabetic nephropathy. However, further studies are required in order to clarify its potential implication as a protective marker.