bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Okara flours from chickpea and soy are thickeners: increased dough viscosity and moisture content in gluten‐free bread
Authors: Lian Heying , Luo Kaibin , Gong Yuxin , Zhang Shiji , Serventi Luca 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe by‐product of plant‐based beverages, okara, can be dried in a nutritious flour, but it generates dense bakery products due to high water absorption. Gluten‐free bread often tastes dry, so the objective of this work was evaluating okara flour as thickener for mouthfeel enhancement. Proximate analysis revealed that chickpea okara contained more starch than soy (35.3 vs. 3.41 g/100 g), less insoluble fibre (43.3 vs. 57.0 g/100 g) and protein (9.51 vs. 18.1 g/100 g). Water absorption capacity was higher in okara than flour and for soy (8.29 vs. 6.01 g g−1, respectively). When added to a gluten‐free batter, both okara flours significantly increased viscosity. Upon addition of either okara to gluten‐free bread (2% w/w) moisture content increased from 31.6 to 33.5 and 36.5 g/100 g, while crumb hardness increased by up to 45% and specific loaf volume decreased by up to 42%. Soy okara flour enhanced moistness of gluten‐free bread.
Climate change is a health issue: what can doctors do?
Authors: Sainsbury Peter , Charlesworth Kate , Madden Lynne , Capon Anthony , Stewart Greg , Pencheon David 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe visit to Australia by Dr David Pencheon, Founding Director of the National Health Service (NHS) Sustainable Development Unit, in April–May 2018 generated considerable interest and engagement. Dr Pencheon's overarching messages were that climate change is a health issue and that doctors and health systems have an opportunity, and responsibility, to lead climate action. This article distils Dr Pencheon's presentations into three themes: (i) carbon accounting; (ii) transformational change in our systems of healthcare; and (iii) a health system fit for the future. For each theme, we highlight promising initiatives that are already underway in Australia that are starting to transform our health system into one fit for a future environmentally sustainable world. We suggest practical ways in which doctors can lead the transformation through personal action and influence broader systems.
Comparing the Montreal Cognitive Assessment and Rowland Universal Dementia Assessment Scale in a multicultural rehabilitation setting
Authors: Emerson Andrew , Muruganantham Poorani , Park Min Y. , Pillay Deren , Vasan Nikhil , Park Seong J. , Van Kim L. , Pampapathi Preethi , Seow Cui S. , Yau Siu‐Ming 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIn Australia it is recommended that all older people undergoing rehabilitation have a cognitive screen. We performed a longitudinal study comparing the correlation of two cognitive screening tools – the Rowland Universal Dementia Assessment Scale (RUDAS) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) with discharge outcomes in a geriatric inpatient setting. The RUDAS cut‐off (<23/30) was associated with discharge to a nursing home (sensitivity 52%, specificity 70%). This was also noted with a MoCA cut‐off <18/30 (sensitivity 57%, specificity 69%). Furthermore the association between the RUDAS and discharge destination was independent of its association with the Functional Independence Measure (r = 0.116; P = 0.275) and had a shorter administration time. Both RUDAS and MoCA scores could be used as predictors of discharge destination in a multicultural population.
Infectious processes and systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Illescas‐Montes Rebeca , Corona‐Castro Claudia Cristina , Melguizo‐Rodríguez Lucia , Ruiz Concepción , Costela‐Ruiz Víctor J. 
Published: August 2019

SummarySystemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune chronic inflammatory disease of unknown etiology, although genetic and environmental factors appear to contribute to its pathogenesis. Specifically, infectious processes are associated with SLE onset and exacerbation. However, we are far from a complete understanding of the interactions between infectious agents and the host, explaining the interest in gathering updated scientific information on this topic. According to the literature, the pathogens most frequently associated with SLE are viruses, notably human endogenous retroviruses, Epstein–Barr virus, parvovirus B19, cytomegalovirus and human immunodeficiency virus type 1, alongside certain bacterial components that can also trigger activation of the immune system. The mechanisms underlying autoreactivity remain unclear but various explanations have been proposed, including immunological changes responsible for infectious processes or molecular mimicry between host structures and those of infectious agents.
The British Home Stores pension scheme: privatised looting?
Authors: Clark Ian 
Published: August 2019

AbstractOn entering administration, British Home Stores owed its pension scheme £571 million—a significant employment relations issue of historical wage theft by investor–owner managers. The article locates ‘lawful’ looting of business assets in a framework that builds on Ackerlof and Romer's theory of bankruptcy for profit and connects this to an empirical narrative on business re‐structuring at British Home Stores towards administration.
Dynamic contributions of intermittent and perennial streams to fish beta diversity in dryland rivers
Authors: Rogosch Jane S. , Olden Julian D. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAimTo determine the role of flow intermittence and species origin in shaping freshwater fish beta diversity across dryland riverscapes.LocationVerde and Little Colorado River basins, United States.MethodsFish beta diversity was investigated in two large rivers with marked differences in basin‐wide flow intermittence. Local site (continually flowing perennial vs. periodically flowing intermittent) and species (native vs. non‐native) contributions to beta diversity were compared within each basin and over multiple decades (1987–2013) in relation to changing hydrologic conditions. Metacommunity dynamics were quantified using changes in alpha‐ (local), beta‐ and gamma‐ (regional) diversity through time.ResultsBeta‐diversity patterns varied in relation to basin‐wide intermittence. Intermittent sites were most influential to beta diversity where basin‐wide intermittence was lower (Verde River), whereas perennial sites were most influential where basin‐wide intermittence was higher (Little Colorado River). In intermittent sites, native fish species contributions to beta diversity tended to be higher than non‐native species contributions. The relative contributions of perennial and intermittent sites to β‐diversity within each basin were invariant to annual flow regimes, whether atypically lower or higher than average flows, but somewhat related to intra‐annual flow variation. Native species contributions to β‐diversity increased in years with high flow conditions in the Verde River. Over time, beta diversity decreased in the lower intermittence Verde River, indicating taxonomic homogenization, but remained relatively unchanged in the Little Colorado River.Main ConclusionsInvestigations of beta‐diversity components over time are considered pivotal for conservation prioritization and planning. We found that both intermittent and perennial streams play complementary roles in supporting fish beta diversity, and that their relative contributions increase as basin wide availability of the habitat type decreases. Moreover, contributions of intermittent streams to overall beta diversity were relatively consistent through time and supported native fish diversity. Despite weakening policy protections of intermittent streams, these habitats are critical for supporting local species persistence and regional biodiversity.
Association of alprazolam with major cardiovascular events in patients with hypertension
Authors: Yeh Chao‐Bin , Tsai Ming‐Che , Teng Ying‐Hock , Ku Min‐Sho , Huang Jing‐Yang , Wang Bo‐Yuan , Tai Chia‐Ling , Kornelius Edy , Ho Sai‐Wai 
Published: August 2019

AbstractRationaleAnxiety is a mediator for emotional reactivity and acute blood pressure elevations, which are associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular death. Alprazolam is a common medication for anxiolysis. We hypothesized that alprazolam usage can reduce the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) in patients with hypertension.MethodsA retrospective cohort study was performed using datasets from Taiwanese Health and Welfare Data. Patients with hypertension were divided into exposed (Alprazolam‐exposed) and control groups (non‐Alprazolam‐exposed) with 1:1 propensity score matching. The study endpoint was the occurrence of MACE. Adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) of MACE risk was estimated using the multiple Cox proportional hazard model. Age‐stratified analysis was performed to evaluate the interaction of age and alprazolam use with MACEs.ResultsThe study cohort consisted of 335 517 alprazolam‐exposed patients and 1:1 PSM controls. The mean age was 63.62 ± 12.71 years in the Alprazolam‐exposed population. Alprazolam exposure was significantly associated with reduced risk of MACEs (aHR = 0.965, 95% CI = 0.954‐0.977), including ischemic stroke (aHR = 0.958, 95% CI = 0.940‐0.976), hemorrhagic stroke (aHR = 0.856, 95% CI = 0.821‐0.892), myocardial infarction (aHR = 0.933, 95% CI = 0.900‐0.968), sudden cardiac death (aHR = 0.955, 95% CI = 0.916‐0.996), and all‐cause mortality (aHR = 0.921, 95% CI = 0.909‐0.932). In the age‐subgroup analysis, alprazolam showed the greatest risk reduction effect in hemorrhagic stroke for patients aged <65 years (aHR = 0.779, 95% CI = 0.727‐0.835).ConclusionAlprazolam usage in patients with hypertension was associated with a slightly reduced risk of MACEs and all‐cause mortality, and up to 22% reduced risk of hemorrhagic stroke was observed in alprazolam users aged <65 years.
Evaluation of sensory and texture profile analysis properties of stored Khalal Barhi dates nondestructively using Vis/NIR spectroscopy
Authors: Alhamdan Abdullah M. , Fickak Adil , Atia Ahmed R. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIt is important to facilitate evaluating fruit quality during harvesting and postharvest operations with simple, fast, and nondestructive tests. The purpose of this study was to evaluate TPA Barhi dates texture parameters (hardiness, cohesiveness, and chewiness) at three maturity stages: Kimri (green), Khalal (green to yellow), and Rutab (brown). The Khalal stage can be further classified into three phases: 80, 90, and 100% yellow utilizing spectra analysis. The texture properties of fresh fruit were found to correlate well with the cross validation spectra analysis resulting in a high determination coefficient (R2) 0.905 for hardiness, 0.803 for cohesiveness, and fairly well (0.675) for chewiness. The effect of stored fruits (under room, cold, and controlled atmosphere) on TPA properties was also examined. The TPA fruits were highly effected by storage conditions where the shelflife of Barhi fruits were found to be 20, 40, and 120 days corresponding to room, cold, and CA storages, respectively. In conclusion, near‐infrared (NIR) spectroscopy is a powerful and effective nondestructive method to evaluate the texture parameters of Barhi fruit at different maturity stages during various harvest and postharvest operational chain.Practical Applications

The study proves the success of correlating NIR with texture parameters of fresh Barhi fruit at different stages of maturity.
This can be utilized in commercial nondestructive on‐line sorting of fruits based on their mechanical properties utilizing NIR instrumentation.
NIR can be utilized to decide marketing destinations for fruits. Furthermore, NIR is a useful tool in deciding storing fruit in cold or controlled atmosphere storage or immediate marketing.
The shelflife of Barhi fruits were found to be 20, 40, and 120 days corresponding to room, cold, and CA storage, respectively.
Further studies may utilize NIR in predicting the shelflife of stored Barhi fruits based on texture.
From the results of this study, links of sensory tests with NIR spectra would be encouraged for future studies. It will save time, efforts, and cost for producers and processors as well as in marketing.
Effect of parenting stress, self‐esteem and parent–child interaction in parents of children with allergic rhinitis on self‐esteem of children: Analysis of Actor‐partner Interdependence Model
Authors: Jeong Won Han , Hun‐ha Cho 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAimIt is important to focus on the early identification of factors that promote children's self‐esteem, to foster the healthy development of children with allergic rhinitis. This study aimed to identify the effects of parents' parenting stress, self‐esteem, and parent–child interaction on the self‐esteem of children with allergic rhinitis.MethodsStructural equation modeling was used to verify the conceptual model. This study was conducted on 656 children with symptoms of allergic rhinitis and their parents who participated in the 8th Panel Study on Korean Children (PSKC). Data collection involved a questionnaire on parents' parenting stress, self‐esteem, parent–child interaction and self‐esteem of children. Secondary data from the PSKC were analyzed using Actor‐partner Interdependence Model. Data were analyzed using SPSS‐WIN Version 20.0 and AMOS Version 20.0.ResultsIn the high self‐esteem group, the father's parenting stress had a partner effect on the mother's self‐esteem, while the mother's self‐esteem affected her parent–child interaction, which in turn affected the child's self‐esteem. In the low self‐esteem group, the father's parenting stress affected the mother's self‐esteem, the father's self‐esteem had a partner effect on the mother's parent–child interaction, and the mother's self‐esteem had an indirect effect on the child's self‐esteem.ConclusionsThis study was conducted to provide basic data to help understand the interactions among variables related to the self‐esteem of children with allergic rhinitis. The findings indicate that the model has utility in developing effective nursing intervention to promote self‐esteem of children with allergic rhinitis.
Prescription Drug Abuse Among Patients in Rural Dental Practices Reported by Members of the National Dental PBRN
Authors: McCauley Jenna L. , Nelson Joni D. , Gilbert Gregg H. , Gordan Valeria , Durand Scott H. , Mungia Rahma , Meyerowitz Cyril , Leite Renata S. , Fillingim Roger B. , Brady Kathleen T. ,   National Dental PBRN Collaborative Group
Published: August 2019

AbstractPurposeThis study compared rural to nonrural dentists with respect to opioid prescribing practices, perceptions about prescription drug abuse among patients, and training relevant to pain management and addictions.MethodsA web‐based, cross‐sectional questionnaire was administered to practicing dentist members of the National Dental Practice‐Based Research Network (PBRN; N = 822) and linked with network enrollment questionnaire data regarding practitioner demographics and practice characteristics. Pain management prescribing practices and perceptions regarding relevance and scope of addiction and drug diversion among patients were assessed. Rural practice was defined as a practice whose ZIP Code has more than 50% of its population in either a nonmetropolitan county and/or a rural Census tract.FindingsRural dentists were significantly more likely than their nonrural counterparts to recommend nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory agents/acetaminophen in combination with prescribing an opioid [F (1,820) = 4.59, P = .03]. Compared to nonrural dentists, rural dentists were more likely to report that opioid abuse/diversion was a problem in their practices [χ2 [1, n = 807] = 6.85, P < .001], were more likely to have suspected a patient of abuse or diversion [χ2 [1, n = 807] = 10.12, P = .001], and were more likely to have refrained from prescribing due to suspicions of abuse or diversion [χ2 [1, n = 807] = 12.49, P < .001].ConclusionRural dentists may be disproportionately impacted by patients’ opioid abuse and represent a viable target for educational outreach that encourages screening, identification, and referral of patients in need of drug abuse treatment.
Non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease alters expression of genes governing hepatic nitrogen conversion
Authors: Eriksen Peter Lykke , Vilstrup Hendrik , Rigbolt Kristoffer , Suppli Malte P. , Sørensen Michael , Heebøll Sara , Veidal Sanne S. , Knop Fillip K. , Thomsen Karen Louise 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackground & AimsWe recently showed that the functional capacity for ureagenesis is deficient in non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) patients. The aim of this study was to assess expression of urea cycle‐related genes to elucidate a possible gene regulatory basis to the functional problem.MethodsLiver mRNA expression analyses within the gene pathway governing hepatic nitrogen conversion were performed in 20 non‐diabetic, biopsy‐proven NAFLD patients (8 simple steatosis; 12 non‐alcoholic steatohepatitis [NASH]) and 12 obese and 14 lean healthy individuals. Sixteen NAFLD patients were included for gene expression validation. Relationship between gene expressions and functional capacity for ureagenesis was described.ResultsGene expression of most urea cycle‐related enzymes were downregulated in NAFLD vs both control groups; markedly so for the urea cycle flux‐generating carbamoyl phosphate synthetase (CPS1) (~3.5‐fold, P < .0001). In NASH, CPS1 downregulation paralleled the deficit in ureagenesis (P = .03). Additionally, expression of several genes involved in amino acid uptake and degradation, and the glucagon receptor gene, were downregulated in NAFLD. Conversely, glutamine synthetase (GS) expression increased >1.5‐fold (P ≤ .03), inversely related to CPS1 expression (P = .004).ConclusionsNAFLD downregulated the expression of urea cycle‐related genes. Downregulation of urea cycle flux‐generating CPS1 correlated with the loss of functional capacity for ureagenesis in NASH. On gene level, these changes coincided with an increase in the major ammonia scavenging enzyme GS. The effects seemed related to a fatty liver as such rather than NASH or obesity. The findings support gene regulatory mechanisms involved in the deficient ureagenesis of NAFLD, but it remains unexplained how hepatocyte fat accumulation exerts these effects.
Characteristics of keratinocyte carcinomas in Hispanics compared to non‐Hispanic whites: A retrospective 5‐year study
Authors: Cheng Judy , Rajanala Susruthi , Widjajahakim Rafael , Maymone Mayra B. C. , Vashi Neelam A. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackgroundHispanics are one of the fastest growing populations in the United States. Few studies have characterized the patterns of keratinocyte carcinoma presentation in Hispanics.ObjectiveThe study aimed to compare the clinical and histologic characteristics of keratinocyte carcinomas in Hispanics and non‐Hispanic whites.Materials and MethodsA five‐year retrospective chart review was conducted at a single academic center to identify all histologically‐confirmed cases of keratinocyte carcinomas. Tumor characteristics were then compared between Hispanics and non‐Hispanic whites.ResultsA total of 197 tumors were identified of which 76% occurred in non‐Hispanic whites and 24% in Hispanics. Tumor diameter was not larger and histologic subtype was not more aggressive in Hispanics compared to non‐Hispanic whites. Age of diagnosis of basal cell carcinoma was younger among Hispanics compared to non‐Hispanic whites (P < .05).ConclusionHispanics were not more likely to present with more high‐risk keratinocyte carcinomas compared to non‐Hispanic whites in terms of tumor diameter, differentiation and subtype.
Dynamic changes in human HLA‐DRA gene expression and Th cell subsets in sepsis: Indications of immunosuppression and associated outcomes
Authors: Xu Jianqiao , Li Jia , Xiao Kun , Zou Sifan , Yan Peng , Xie Xiaowei , Xie Lixin 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackgroundSepsis is a life‐threatening disease that is an immune disorder response that causes multiple organ dysfunction. In this study, we investigated the dynamic changes in mRNA expression of HLA‐DRA gene and the specific transcription factor of helper T cell subsets to explore long‐term immunophenotyping and its relationship with prognosis.MethodsSeventy‐eight sepsis patients and twelve healthy controls were recruited in this study. Blood samples were collected at eight‐time points during their septic course and were assayed for the gene expression of HLA‐DRA and T helper cell subset‐specific transcription factors (T‐bet: Th1, GATA3: Th2, Foxp3: Treg, RORC: Th17).ResultsThe levels of HLA‐DRA in survivors gradually increased but were maintained at lower levels in non‐survivors. The specific transcription factor of Th1 and Th2 cells, T‐bet and GATA‐3 were significantly lower in sepsis patients than in normal controls, and the non‐survivors showed significantly lower levels than the survivors (P < .05). RORC and FOXP3, the specific transcription factor of Treg and Th17 were significantly higher in survivors than in non‐survivors and normal controls (P < .05). T‐bet and GATA‐3 had a linear correlation with HLA‐DRA expression (P < .01).ConclusionsThe dynamic changes in HLA‐DRA expression in peripheral blood could accurately reflect the immune status of sepsis patients, and the reduction in HLA‐DRA may be an important reason for abnormal T cell differentiation. The sustained low levels of the Th cell subsets (Th1 and Th2) suggest the suppression of adaptive immunity, and this persistent immunosuppression may be the leading cause of death in septic patients.
Unraveling the Complex Web of Associations Between Easy Access to Firearms and Premature Mortalities
Authors: Feigelman William , Rosen Zohn , Cerel Julie 
Published: August 2019

ObjectiveWe investigated whether high school students reporting easy access to guns were more likely to die prematurely from either suicide, homicide, or an accidental death.MethodBased upon the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health, we contrasted those reporting easy access to guns, n = 5,185, 25%, with the remaining 75% (n = 15,589) on various sociodemographic characteristics, behaviors, and premature mortalities.ResultsWe found higher rates of suicides, homicides, and accidental deaths among those reporting easy access to guns at Wave 1 or Wave 2. This was only true for males. Those with easy access to guns were more likely to share common sociodemographic characteristics, came from two‐parent homes where children had strong and close relationships with parents, where children were more likely to get into fights, do delinquent misdeeds, and engage in other risk‐taking behaviors such as increased drinking, drug use, and riding motorcycles. Logistic regression analysis showed easy access to guns remained a significant predictor of premature mortalities when sex, family income differences, risk‐taking, and delinquency were used as covariates.ConclusionsThis study supports previous research and carves out new ground showing easy access to guns acts synergistically with other lifestyle differences to diminish youth life chances.