bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
HOXC13‐AS promotes breast cancer cell growth through regulating miR‐497‐5p/PTEN axis
Authors: Li Xiaowei , Wang Qiang , Rui Yiqi , Zhang Chuanqiang , Wang Wenwen , Gu Jianchun , Tang Jinhai , Ding Yongbin 
Published: May 2019

AbstractDysregulated long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) remains to be explored in tumorigenesis. LncRNA HOXC13 antisense RNA (HOXC13‐AS) has been found as an oncogene in many cancers; however, the role of HOXC13‐AS in breast cancer still elusive. In this study, the HOXC13‐AS levels and its role in cell proliferation was first measured by real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, Cell Counting Kit‐8 assay, and colony formation assay. It showed that HOXC13‐AS was increased in breast cancer tissues compared with the adjacent normal tissues and upregulated HOXC13‐AS promoted the growth of breast cancer cells. Then, we found that the miR‐497‐5p levels were downregulated in cancer tissues compared with the adjacent tissues and miR‐497‐5p suppressed breast cancer cell proliferation. Further study showed that HOXC13‐AS could function as a “sponge” for miR‐497‐5p then suppress miR‐497‐5p expression. Moreover, we next identified that Phosphatase and Tensin homolog (PTEN) is the target of miR‐497‐5p. Overexpression of miR‐497‐5p by chemical mimics decreased the expression of PTEN, while downregulation of miR‐497‐5p by HOXC13‐AS rescued the expression of PTEN. Finally, we showed that HOXC13‐AS promoted the proliferation of breast cancer cells and tumor growth through miR‐497‐5p/PTEN axis in vitro and in vivo. Hence, we conclude that HOXC13‐AS, which is significantly upregulated in breast cancers, promoted cell proliferation through the suppressed miR‐497‐5p and further upregulated PTEN.
Gait speed as a mediator of the effect of sarcopenia on dependency in activities of daily living
Authors: Perez‐Sousa Miguel A. , Venegas‐Sanabria Luis Carlos , Chavarro‐Carvajal Diego Andrés , Cano‐Gutierrez Carlos Alberto , Izquierdo Mikel , Correa‐Bautista Jorge Enrique , Ramírez‐Vélez Robinson 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBackgroundSarcopenia in older adults is strongly associated with an increase in dependency in activities of daily living (ADL) and with a decline in gait speed. Interestingly, gait speed has been shown to independently predict mortality. In this context, our study aimed to explore the mediator role of gait speed on the relationship between sarcopenia and dependency in ADL.MethodsA cross‐sectional study was conducted in Colombia, 19 705 older adults with a mean age of 70 years, 55.6% women, 16.1% with sarcopenia, and 14.7% mild, moderate, or severe dependency in ADL, according to ‘SABE Survey 2015’. Sarcopenia was assessed by calf circumference and ADL dependence through the Barthel Index. Gait speed was measured over a distance of 3 m. The association between sarcopenia condition and gait speed and dependency level was analysed by linear regression adjusted by covariates. To examine whether gait speed mediated the association between sarcopenia and dependence components of physical function, simple mediation models were generated using ordinary least squares with the macro PROCESS version 3.2, adjusted for age, sex, and body mass index (BMI).ResultsSignificant differences (P < 0.05) were found in gait speed and dependency in ADL between the sarcopenia and non‐sarcopenia groups after adjusting for age, sex, and BMI. BMI was significantly higher in the non‐sarcopenia group whereas dependency was significantly higher in the sarcopenia group (19.6% vs. 13.8%). Results from mediation model regression analysis indicated a significant and direct detrimental effect of sarcopenia on dependency in ADL (β = −0.05; P < 0.001), and a significant indirect effect of gait speed on the direct effect (−0.009 to −0.004).ConclusionsThe negative effect of sarcopenia on functional dependence was mediated by the gait speed. Therefore, gait speed may positively influence the detrimental effect of sarcopenia for dependency, after adjusting for age, gender, and BMI. Consequently, physical exercise should be promoted and focused to circumvent the gait speed decline associated with age in older people with sarcopenia.
Electrospray ionization collision induced dissociation of thiocarbocyanine and selenocarbocyanine dyes
Authors: Kaczorowska Małgorzata A. , Jędrzejewska Beata 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe effect of the properties of sulphur and selenium atoms, the composition and location of substituents (―CH3, ―OCH3, ―C2H5, and ―C3H6―((N+Br−)C5H5)), and the charge state on the collision induced dissociation (CID) behaviour of ions generated by electrospray ionization (ESI) of thiocarbocyanine and selenocarbocyanine dyes have been investigated. The results show that, for of all the examined singly charged ions, the main dissociation channel was related to the formation of distonic ions, generated as a result of cleavages within the dimethine bridge. In the case of doubly charged ions (with propyl‐pyridinium substituents), competition between fragmentation processes related to charges located at different nitrogen atoms has been observed. The S/Se replacement also has an impact on the CID behaviour of the examined carbocyanine dyes. On the basis of the performed CID MS/MS experiments, general rules for the CID of thiocarbocyanine and selenocarbocyanine dyes have been proposed.
A fast and simple approach for the quantification of 40 illicit drugs, medicines, and pesticides in blood and urine samples by UHPLC‐MS/MS
Authors: Franco de Oliveira Sarah C. W. S. E. , Zucoloto Alexandre D. , de Oliveira Carolina D. R. , Hernandez Edna M. M. , Fruchtengarten Ligia V. G. , de Oliveira Tiago F. , Yonamine Mauricio 
Published: May 2019

AbstractA fast and simple approach to overcome challenges in emergency toxicological analysis, using ultra‐high performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC‐MS/MS) has been developed, for the detection of analytes in blood and urine samples from the following drug classes: analgesics, benzodiazepines, antidepressants, anticonvulsants, drugs of abuse, and pesticides. These substances are relevant in the context of emergency toxicology in Brazil. The sample preparation procedure was relatively easy and fast to perform. The method was fully validated giving limits of in the range of 0.5 and 20 ng mL−1 for blood and urine samples. The intraday and interday precision and accuracy were considered adequate for all analytes once the relative standard deviation (RSD) (%) was lower than 20% for quality control (QC) low and lower than 15% for CQ medium and high. The developed method was successfully applied to 320 real samples collected at the Poison Control Center of São Paulo, and 89.1% have shown to be positive for some of the analytes. This confirms its applicability and importance to emergency toxicological analysis, and it could be very useful in both fields of clinical and forensic toxicology.
Clinical characteristics of the lower respiratory tract infection caused by a single infection or coinfection of the human parainfluenza virus in children
Authors: Zhong Peipei , Zhang Hailin , Chen Xiaofang , Lv Fangfang 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBackgroundHuman parainfluenza virus (HPIV), usually combined with other pathogens, causes lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) in children. However, clinical characteristics of HPIV coinfection with other pathogens were unclear. This study aimed to investigate the viral and atypical bacterial etiology of LRTI in children and compare the clinical characteristics of HPIV single infection with those of coinfection.MethodsThis study included 1335 patients, aged between 1 to 71 months, diagnosed with LRTI in Yuying Children's Hospital, Zhejiang, China, from December 2013 to June 2015. Nasopharyngeal secretions were collected, and respiratory pathogens were detected using Multiplex polymerase chain reaction. The clinical data of patients were collected and analyzed.ResultsAt least 1 pathogen was detected in 1181/1335 (88.5%) patients. The pathogens identified most frequently were respiratory syncytial virus, human rhinovirus, HPIV, adenovirus, and human metapneumovirus. The coinfection rate was 24.8%. HPIV coinfection with other viruses was more associated with running nose, shortness of breath, and oxygen support compared with HPIV single infection. Moreover, HPIV coinfection with atypical bacteria was more related to running nose, moist rales, and longer hospital duration compared with HPIV single infection, and also to longer hospital duration compared with coinfection with other viruses.ConclusionsThis study demonstrated that viral infections were highly associated with LRTI and the rate of coinfection was high. HPIV single infection was milder than coinfection with other viruses. Moreover, HPIV coinfection with atypical bacteria was more serious than HPIV single infection and coinfection with other viruses.
Management of complicated tumor response to tyrosine‐kinase inhibitors in gastrointestinal stromal tumors
Authors: Tirotta Fabio , Fumagalli Elena , Colombo Chiara , Morosi Carlo , Barisella Marta , Radaelli Stefano , Frezza Anna M. , Casali Paolo G. , Gronchi Alessandro , Fiore Marco 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe aim was to describe complicated tumor response (CTR) to tyrosine‐kinase inhibitors (TKI) in gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) patients.MethodsFrom 2001 to 2017, data from patients with metastatic (group A) or locally advanced (group B) GIST who received TKI at our institution were collected. We defined CTR as bleeding, abscess, or perforation as surgical complications of TKI. Patients who had progressive disease were excluded. Clinical characteristics were assessed, and time of occurrence and mortality rate recorded.ResultsAmong 470 patients, 30 developed CTR (6.4%), 26 in group A (6.8%) and four in group B (4.5%) (P = 0.43). Bleeding, abscess, and perforation, respectively, were observed in 17 (56.7%), 8 (26.7%), and 5 (16.7%) patients. A conservative approach was possible in 17 (56.7%) cases; four (13.3%) patients received percutaneous drainage, while nine (30%) underwent emergency surgery. The overall rate of mortality was 13.3%. CTR occurred after 1.6 months (median time) from the imatinib mesylate onset in group B and 14 months in group A.ConclusionsWhile the risk of CTR in early metastatic patients is virtually nil, patients with locally advanced disease should be monitored carefully. CTR as a consequence of TKI therapy do not prevent patients receiving a potentially curative surgery.
Feasibility of a Video‐Mosaicking Approach to Extend the Field‐of‐View For Reflectance Confocal Microscopy in the Oral Cavity In Vivo
Authors: Peterson Gary , Zanoni Daniella Karassawa , Ardigo Marco , Migliacci Jocelyn C. , Patel Snehal G. , Rajadhyaksha Milind 
Published: May 2019

BackgroundReflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) is a developing approach for noninvasive detection of oral lesions with label‐free contrast and cellular‐level resolution. For access into the oral cavity, confocal microscopes are being configured with small‐diameter telescopic probes and small objective lenses. However, a small probe and objective lens allows for a rather small field‐of‐view relative to the large areas of tissue that must be examined for diagnosis. To extend the field‐of‐view for intraoral RCM imaging, we are investigating a video‐mosaicking approach.MethodsA relay telescope and objective lens were adapted to an existing confocal microscope for access into the oral cavity. Imaging was performed using metal three‐dimensional‐printed objective lens front‐end caps with coverslip windows to contact and stabilize the tissue and set depth. Four healthy volunteers (normal oral mucosa), one patient (with an amalgam tattoo) in a clinical setting, and 20 anesthetized patients (with oral squamous cell carcinoma [OSCC]) in a surgical setting were imaged. Instead of the usual still RCM images, videos were recorded and then processed into video‐mosaics. Thirty video‐mosaics were read and qualitatively assessed by an expert reader of RCM images of the oral mucosa.ResultsWhereas the objective lens’ native field‐of‐view is 0.75 mm × 0.75 mm, the video‐mosaics display larger areas, ranging from 2 mm × 2 mm to 4 mm × 2 mm, with resolution, morphologic detail, and image quality that is preserved relative to that observed in the original videos (individual images). Video‐mosaics in healthy volunteers’ and the patients’ images showed cellular morphologic patterns in the lower epithelium and at the epithelial junction, and connective tissue along with capillary loops and blood flow in the deeper lamina propria. In OSCC, tumor nests could be observed along with normal looking mucosa in margin areas.ConclusionsVideo‐mosaicking is a reasonably quick and efficient approach for extending the field‐of‐view of RCM imaging, which can, to some extent, overcome the inherent limitation of an intraoral probe's small field‐of‐view. Reading video‐mosaics can mimic the procedure for examining pathology: initial visualization of the spatial cellular and morphologic patterns of the tumor and the spread of tumor margins over larger areas of the lesion, followed by digitally zooming (magnifying) for closer inspection of suspicious areas. However, faster processing of videos into video‐mosaics will be necessary, to allow examination of video‐mosaics in real‐time at the bedside. Lasers Surg. Med. 51:439–451, 2019. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Peptide Amphiphile Supramolecular Nanostructures as a Targeted Therapy for Atherosclerosis
Authors: Mansukhani Neel A. , Peters Erica B. , So Miranda M. , Albaghdadi Mazen S. , Wang Zheng , Karver Mark R. , Clemons Tristan D. , Laux Jeffrey P. , Tsihlis Nick D. , Stupp Samuel I. , Kibbe Melina R. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe rising prevalence of cardiovascular disease worldwide necessitates novel therapeutic approaches to manage atherosclerosis. Intravenously administered nanostructures are a promising noninvasive approach to deliver therapeutics that reduce plaque burden. The drug liver X receptor agonist GW3965 (LXR) can reduce atherosclerosis by promoting cholesterol efflux from plaque but causes liver toxicity when administered systemically at effective doses, thus preventing its clinical use. The ability of peptide amphiphile nanofibers containing apolipoprotein A1–derived targeting peptide 4F to serve as nanocarriers for LXR delivery (ApoA1‐LXR PA) in vivo is investigated here. These nanostructures are found to successfully target atherosclerotic lesions in a mouse model within 24 h of injection. After 8 weeks of intravenous administration, the nanostructures significantly reduce plaque burden in both male and female mice to a similar extent as LXR alone in comparison to saline‐treated controls. Furthermore, they do not cause increased liver toxicity in comparison to LXR treatments, which may be related to more controlled release by the nanostructure. These findings demonstrate the potential of supramolecular nanostructures as safe, effective drug nanocarriers to manage atherosclerosis.
Tandem Mass Spectrometry for Polymeric Structure Analysis: A Comparison of Two Common MALDI–ToF/ToF Techniques
Authors: Town James S. , Jones Glen R. , Hancox Ellis , Shegiwal Ataulla , Haddleton David M. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractTandem mass spectrometry is a powerful technique for investigating polymer architecture. However, in‐depth studies of the technique for polymers is relatively lacking when compared to other areas of mass spectrometry (MS). This paper examines the use laser‐induced dissociation and collision‐induced dissociation (CID) in MALDI–LIFT–ToF/ToF experiments to compare the usage of the two techniques on a range of polymeric analytes. It is demonstrated that for samples with an energetically preferable fragmentation pathway, such as those with a functional group in the backbone or a labile end group, post source decay (PSD) provides a simplified spectra with an increased pathway selectivity due to its utilization of metastable decay. This makes PSD a preferable technique for polymer sequencing, especially in low‐resolution time‐of‐flight techniques. Conversely, CID fragments less selectively, leading to higher intensity peaks from less favorable fragmentations. This makes CID more preferred for exact structural determination, such as finding the repeat unit structure.
Sensitivity of a weather research and forecasting model to downscaling schemes in ensemble rainfall estimation
Authors: Cai Junyi , Zhu Jingxuan , Dai Qiang , Yang Qiqi , Zhang Shuliang 
Published: May 2019

AbstractRainfall estimation using the weather research and forecasting (WRF) model is sensitive to physical parameterizations and downscaling configurations. Concerned with the correlations between physical parameterizations and dynamical downscaling, these significant issues were considered simultaneously in this study, and WRF‐based ensembles were integrated and used to estimate eight representative rainfall events. The results revealed that both rainfall estimates and intensities were sensitive to downscaling configurations. Specifically, light rainfall events that were homogeneous over space and time were estimated well using a 5 km horizontal resolution and were overestimated with a 1 km resolution where the planetary boundary layer (PBL) schemes were probably the source of positive errors in light rain conditions. However, when the rainfall was intense and displayed spatiotemporal heterogeneity, the rainfall peaks and volume were only well estimated with a 1 km resolution where cumulus (CU) schemes were the dominant schemes, demonstrating that higher resolutions could better reproduce rainfall patterns for wetter cases. At a 10 km horizontal resolution, the simulations did not display much accuracy, and different physics schemes did not make a substantial difference. Therefore, the rainfall characteristics cannot be ignored. More importantly, the contributions of microphysics, CU and PBL ensembles were quantified, and the sensitivities of the rainfall estimates to three downscaling configurations were studied.
LncRNA MEG3 inhibits trophoblast invasion and trophoblast‐mediated VSMC loss in uterine spiral artery remodeling
Authors: Tao Hui , Liu Xiaoping , Liu Xiaoxia , Liu Weifang , Wu Di , Wang Rongli , Lv Gang 
Published: May 2019

AbstractExtravillous trophoblasts (EVTs) migrate into uterine decidua and induce vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) loss through mechanisms thought to involve migration and apoptosis, achieving complete spiral artery remodeling. Long noncoding RNA maternally expressed gene 3 (MEG3) can regulate diverse cellular processes, such as proliferation and migration, and has been discovered highly expressed in human placenta tissues. However, little is known about the role of MEG3 in modulating EVT functions and EVT‐induced VSMC loss. In this study, we first examined the location of MEG3 in human first‐trimester placenta by in situ hybridization. Then, exogenous upregulation of MEG3 in HTR‐8/SVneo cells was performed to investigate the effects of MEG3 on EVT motility and EVT capacity to displace VSMCs. Meanwhile, the molecules mediating EVT‐induced VSMC loss, such as tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α), Fas ligand (FasL), and tumor necrosis factor‐α‐related apoptosis‐inducing ligand (TRAIL) were detected at transcriptional and translational levels. Finally, VSMCs were cocultured with MEG3‐upregulated HTR‐8/SVneo to explore the role of MEG3 on EVT‐mediated VSMC migration and apoptosis. Results showed that MEG3 was expressed in trophoblasts in placental villi and decidua, and MEG3 enhancement inhibited HTR‐8/SVneo migration and invasion. Meanwhile, the displacement of VSMCs by HTR‐8/SVneo and the expression of TNF‐α, FasL and TRAIL in HTR‐8/SVneo were reduced following MEG3 overexpression in HTR‐8/SVneo. Furthermore, HTR‐8/SVneo with MEG3 upregulation impaired VSMC migration and apoptosis. The PI3K/Akt pathway, which is possibly downstream, was inactivated in MEG3‐upregulated HTR‐8/SVneo. These findings suggest that MEG3 might be a negative regulator of spiral artery remodeling via suppressing EVT invasion and EVT‐mediated VSMC loss.
Walleye Genetic Characterization in the Northern Ceded Territory of Wisconsin: Implications for Stocking Using Conservation Strategies
Authors: Hammen J. J. , Sloss B. L. 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Genetic diversity is a vital consideration for fisheries management, and in Wisconsin, it has been an explicit goal to preserve the genetic integrity of naturally recruiting Walleye Sander vitreus populations. It is unknown whether current management areas reflect the current genetic structure of naturally recruiting Walleye in the Northern Ceded Territory (NCT; approximately the northern third of the state). Our objectives were to test whether significant genetic structure exists among the NCT naturally recruiting Walleye and compare that genetic structure to current watershed management areas. We used 10 microsatellite loci to determine Walleye genetic structure through genetic stock identification. Walleye (N = 1,239) were genotyped from 25 sample locations distributed throughout the NCT. Genetic differentiation was estimated by calculating pairwise measures between sample locations using the fixation index GST and the differentiation index Dest. Admixture and no-admixture models were used in STRUCTURE to find estimated sample location groupings. Analyses identified four groups with an east–west divide and two additional independent groups. These genetic groups generally conformed with geographic location in the NCT and current watershed management areas in Wisconsin (N = 6). Some discrepancies between genetic characterization of sample locations and watershed management areas did exist. The Green Bay (easternmost) watershed management area sample was not found to be genetically distinct from the upper Wisconsin River basin sample locations. Wisconsin glacial recession is a likely determinant of genetic structure in NCT Walleye. Postglacial geological events and historical stocking events across watershed boundaries may have influenced some of the current genetic structure observed in the upper Wisconsin and upper Chippewa River headwaters, with the genetic grouping of Millicent Lake and Willow Flowage having consistent genetic characterization. Maintaining genetic integrity within management activities (e.g., propagation programs) will help to maintain and support the long-term stability of naturally recruiting Walleye in the NCT of Wisconsin.