bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
GAMBARAN PENGETAHUAN IBU HAMIL TENTANG INISIASI MENYUSU DINI DI WILAYAH KERJA BPS SALSA MANDING KECAMATAN POLEWALI KABUPATEN POLEWALI MANDAR
Authors: Manfaati Sekarwuni 
Published: July 2019

Latar Belakang : Pemberian ASI secara dini memberi kemungkinan delapan kali lebih besar dalam memberikan ASI eksklusif. Inisiasi menyusu dini (IMD) akan meningkatkan keberhasilan pemberian ASI ekslusif enam bulan. Kontak dini ibu dan bayi akan meningkatkan waktu menyusu menjadi dua kali lebih lama dibandingkan kontak yang lambat (Ertem,2001; Giugliani , 2004; Vaidya, K. Et al, 2005; Februhartanty, 2008). Berdasarkan studi pendahuluan di Bidan Praktek Swasta (BPS) “S” Manding Kecamatan Polewali Kabupaten Polewali Mandar pada 10 orang ibu hamil dengan metode wawancara didapatkan hasil 6 orang (60%) dari 10 ibu hamil mempunyai pengetahuan kurang tentang IMD, 1 orang (10 %) dari10 ibu hamil mempunyai pengetahuan cukup tentang IMD dan 2 orang (20%) dari 10 ibu hamil mengetahui tentang IMD.
Tujuan penelitian : Untuk mengetahui secara umum Gambaran Pengetahuan Ibu Hamil Tentang Inisiasi Menyusu Dini Di Wilayah Kerja BPS “S” Manding Kecamatan Polewali Kabupaten Polewali Mandar.
Metode penelitian : Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah ibu hamil yang ada di BPS “S” Manding Kecamatan Polewali Kabupaten Polewali Mandar, periode Januari sampai Maret 2014, dimana jumlah populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah 120 orang. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 55 ibu hamil yang mendukung dan bisa membaca serta menulis; penentuan jumlah sampel dalam penelitian yang digunakan adalah Simple random sampling yaitu pengambilan sampel dengan cara acak tanpa memperhatikan strata yang ada dalam dalam anggota populasi.
Hasil : rata-rata responden memiliki tingkat pengetahuan yang cukup tentang pengertian inisiasi menyusu dini yaitu sebanyak 22 orang (44%), kriteria pengetahuan baik 23 orang (46%) dan kriteria pengetahuan kurang 5 orang (10%) dari 55 responden. responden memiliki pengetahuan yang kurang tentang manfaat inisiasi menyusu dini. Dimana tabel tersebut dapat dilihat bahwa ibu dengan tingkat pengetahuan cukup 14 orang (28%), pengetahuan kurang 20 orang (40%) dan pengetahuan baik terdapat 16 orang (32%) dari 55 responden. Responden memiliki tingkat pengetahuan yang cukup tentang hal yang harus diperhatikan saat proses inisiasi menyusu dini yaitu sebanyak 19 responden atau (38%), dan yang memperoleh kriteria baik sebanyak 12 responden atau (24%).
Simpulan dan saran : Dari hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peran tenaga kesehatan masih sangat diperlukan khususnya dalam memberikan pelayanan dan penyuluhan tentang inisiasi menyusu dini. Proses pendidikan hendaknya lebih memberikan wawasan dan juga ilmu yang lebih mendalam tentang inisiasi menyusu dini sehingga ilmu pengetahuan yang diperoleh peserta didik dapat diaplikasikan di masyarakat.
PENGARUH PENDIDIKAN KESEHATAN (PENKES) GIGI DAN MULUT TERHADAP PRAKTIK MENYIKAT GIGI PADA ANAK USIA SEKOLAH DI SDN 018 BONRA KECAMATAN LUYO KABUPATEN POLEWALI MANDAR
Authors: Rahim Rasdiyanah 
Published: July 2019

Latar Belakang: Menurut World Health Oganisation (WHO) tahun 2012 diperkirakan bahwa 90% dari anak sekolah di dunia dan sebagian besar orang dewasa pernah menderita karies gigi. Pemeliharaan kebersihan gigi dan mulut merupakan salah satu upaya meningkatkan kesehatan karena hal tersebut dapat mencegah terjadinya berbagai penyakit rongga mulut. Kesehatan gigi dan mulut masyarakat Indonesia masih merupakan hal yang perlu mendapat perhatian serius dari tenaga kesehatan, baik dokter dan perawat gigi, hal ini terlihat bahwa penyakit gigi dan mulut masih diderita oleh 90 % penduduk Indonesia. Tercatat bahwa anak usia 9-11 tahun masih belum terlalu memperhatikan kebersihan mulut mereka dengan tidak memperhatikan cara menggosok gigi yang baik dan benar.
Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui pengaruh pendidikan kesehatan (Penkes) gigi dan mulut terhadap praktik menyikat gigi pada anak usia sekolah di SDN 018 Bonra Kec. Luyo Kab. Polewali Mandar.
Desain penelitian: Penelitiaan ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan rancangan penelitian eksperimental dengan desain penelitian The One Group Pre-Test and Post-test design. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan februari sampai mei 2017 denagnjumlah sampel sebanyak 42 responden.
Determinants of Table Banking Loan Utilization among Micro Agri-Enterprises Owners in Bomet County, Kenya
Authors: Chepkwony Kenneth , Bett Hillary , Sibiko Kenneth Waluse 
Published: July 2019

Micro Agri-enterprises (MAEs) play a key role in economic development of Kenya. However, without finance they need to invest, their performance is stifled. Table banking (TB) strategy is an avenue through which MAE owners pool finances together, access credit and business development services. The study objective was to determine factors influencing utilization of table banking loans among MAE owners participating in table banking in Bomet County. Multi-stage sampling technique was used to select a sample of 382 MAE owners who borrowed long-term loans between 2015 and 2016 from TB groups promoted by Joyful women organization (JoyWO). Semi-structured questionnaires were used to collect primary data. Utilization of TB loans was measured by the amount of TB loan invested in MAE to the total amount of loan borrowed from TB within the study period. Two-limit Tobit model was used to analyse data. Entrepreneurship training received from TB program officers was found to have a positive and significant influence on utilization of TB loans. Location of agri-enterprise, agri-enterprise age and size were other factors found to influence utilization of TB loans positively and significantly. However, gender of MAE owners was found to have a negative and significant influence on utilization of TB loans. To boost utilization of table banking loans among MAE owners, table banking programme officers should tailor entrepreneurship and agribusiness trainings to meet the specific needs required by MAEs owners operating at different stages in the agricultural value chain.
This is an open-access article published and distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License of United States unless otherwise stated. Access, citation and distribution of this article is allowed with full recognition of the authors and the source.
Assessment of Agricultural Development Programme (ADP) Assistance on Poultry Production in Ndokwa West Local Government Area, Delta State, Nigeria
Authors: Tibi Kentus , Oyem A A 
Published: July 2019

The study was carried out to assess the extent of assistance of Agricultural Development Programme (ADP) on Poultry Production in Ndokwa West Local Government Area, Delta State. A simple random sampling technique was employed in the selection of six (6) villages from the study area, ten (10) poultry farmers were randomly selected from each of the six villages giving a total sample size of sixty (60). Data was collected with structured questionnaire administered to the respondents in the study area. Data was analyzed with descriptive statistics such as frequency, mean and percentages. The result of the demographic characteristics of the poultry farmers showed that the mean age of the respondents was 50.5 years. The study also showed that 46% of the respondents had formal education while 54% of the respondent had no formal education. The respondents’ gender was 90% males and 10% females. The intensive system of poultry production was higher (67%) than the semi-intensive (25%) and extensive system (8%). The study further showed that the source of credit facilities to poultry farmers were personal savings (36.7%), ADP (30%) banks (8%), cooperative (13.3%). The study also showed that only few of the farmers received assistance from ADP in the form of training on improved agricultural technology (33.3%), credit and inputs provision for poultry farmers (16.7%). About 20% of the respondents are engaged in broilers production, 30% in layers production while 50% are in both layers and broilers production. However, it was observed that in spite of these assistance of ADP on poultry production, the living standard of majority of the poultry farmers in the study area has not improved. Therefore, the following recommendations are made; ADP should create more sensitization programmes so that more poultry farmers will benefit. More credits and inputs on poultry production should be made available so that more poultry farmers can access the facilities.
This is an open-access article published and distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License of United States unless otherwise stated. Access, citation and distribution of this article is allowed with full recognition of the authors and the source.
Three Portals, One Infrastructure: How to manage information with ALA tools
Authors: Cavière Fabien , Archambeau Anne-Sophie , Radji Raoufou , Ahadji Christian , Pamerlon Sophie 
Published: July 2019

GBIF Togo, hosted at the University of Lomé, has published more than 62,200 occurrence records from 37 datasets and checklists. As a node participant of Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) since 2011, it has participated actively in several projects including the Biodiversity Information for Development (BID) programme.
GBIF facilitates collaboration between nodes at different levels through its Capacity Enhancement Support Programme (CESP). One of the actions included in the CESP guidelines is called ‘Mentoring activities’. Its main goal is the transfer of knowledge between partners, such as information, technologies, experience, and best practices.
Sharing architecture and development is the key solution to solving some the technical challenges and impediments (e.g. hosting, staff turnover, etc.) that GBIF nodes occasionally face. The Atlas of Living Australia (ALA) team have developed a feature called ‘data hub’, which allows the creation of a standalone website with a dedicated occurrence search engine that supports data discovery (e.g. specific genus, geographic area) published by particular GBIF nodes.
In 2017, a CESP project between the GBIF Benin and the GBIF France led to the creation of a new portal: Atlas of Living Beninises. This portal shared the same back-end database as the Atlas of Living France portal, while at the same time, each portal displayed and managed information relevant only to its region.
In 2018, another CESP project between GBIF France and GBIF Togo shared the same goal as the previous one: implement a new Atlas of Living Australia portal for Togo. This goal will be fulfilled using a similar implementation as the previous project: a shared back-end and different front-end. Togo will be the second African GBIF node to implement this kind of infrastructure.
This poster will highlight the architecture specific to the Atlas of Living Togo, and present the management procedure that distinguishes data coming from the three different countries.
IL-17 Production by γδ+ T Cells Is Critical for Inducing Th17 Responses in the Female Genital Tract and Regulated by Estradiol and Microbiota
Authors: Anipindi Varun C , Bagri Puja , Dizzell Sara E , Jiménez-Saiz Rodrigo , Jordana Manel , Snider Denis P , Stämpfli Martin R , Kaushic Charu 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
IL-17 can be produced by adaptive immune cells such as Th17 cells and by immune cells that produce IL-17 without prior priming. This latter category, which we will refer to as “innate,” includes innate cells such as NK cells and innate lymphoid cells and innate-like T cell populations such as NKT cells and γδ+ T cells. Studies in mucosal tissues have shown that the induction of Th17 immunity is amplified by innate IL-17 produced within those tissues. However, the role of innate IL-17 and its effect on Th17 induction in the female genital tract (FGT) is largely unknown. In this study, we characterize the primary source of IL-17–secreting vaginal cells and show that innate IL-17 plays a critical role in priming adaptive Th17 responses in the FGT. Under homeostatic conditions, γδ+ T cells were the predominant source of innate IL-17 in the murine FGT, and this population was modulated by both the sex hormone estradiol and the presence of commensal microbiota. Compared with wild-type C57BL/6 mice, vaginal APCs isolated from IL-17A–deficient (IL-17A−/−) mice were severely impaired at priming Th17 responses in APC–T cell cocultures. Furthermore, the defect in Th17 induction in the absence of innate IL-17 was associated with impairment of IL-1β production by vaginal CD11c+ dendritic cells. Overall, our study describes a novel role for IL-17 in the FGT and further demonstrates the importance of factors in the vaginal microenvironment that can influence adaptive immune responses.
Lipopolysaccharide Downregulates 11β-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase 2 Expression through Inhibiting Peroxisome Proliferator–Activated Receptor-γ in Placental Trophoblasts
Authors: Fu Lin , Chen Yuan-Hua , Bo Qing-Li , Song Ya-Ping , Ma Li , Wang Bo , Xu Shen , Zhang Cheng , Wang Hua , Xu De-Xiang 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
It is increasingly recognized that excessive glucocorticoids induce fetal intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). Placental 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 2 (11β-HSD2), a glucocorticoid-catalyzing enzyme, prevents active glucocorticoids from maternal circulation into the fetus, thus protecting against IUGR. Previous studies demonstrated gestational LPS exposure caused fetal IUGR. The aim of the current study was to investigate the effects of LPS on 11β-HSD2 in mice placentas and human placental trophoblasts. Pregnant ICR(CD-1) mice were i.p. injected with LPS (200 μg/kg) on gestational day 16. As expected, gestational LPS exposure downregulated 11β-HSD2 in mice placentas. In vitro, LPS downregulated 11β-HSD2 in human placental trophoblasts. Additional experiment showed that LPS, which activated NF-κB, suppressed rosiglitazone-induced activation of peroxisome proliferator–activated receptor-γ (PPARγ) in mice placentas and human placental trophoblasts. Moreover, NF-κB p65 knockdown and specific NF-κB inhibitor attenuated LPS-induced suppression of PPARγ nuclear translocation in human placental trophoblasts. In addition, NF-κB p65 knockdown attenuated LPS-induced downregulation of 11β-HSD2 in human placental trophoblasts. Mechanically, LPS promoted physical interaction between NF-κB p65 and PPARγ in the cytoplasm and nucleus of placental trophoblasts. Finally, pretreatment with rosiglitazone, a PPARγ agonist, partially alleviated LPS-induced reduction of fetal weight and crown-rump length. Taken together, these results suggest that LPS downregulates 11β-HSD2 through suppressing PPARγ in placental trophoblasts. Placental 11β-HSD2 downregulation may contribute partially to LPS-induced fetal IUGR.
Efficient CD4Cre-Mediated Conditional KRas Expression in Alveolar Macrophages and Alveolar Epithelial Cells Causes Fatal Hyperproliferative Pneumonitis
Authors: Chen Pengcheng , Wang Shang , Janardhan Kyathanahalli S. , Zemans Rachel L. , Deng Wenhai , Karmaus Peer , Shen Shudan , Sunday Mary , Que Loretta G. , Fessler Michael B. , Zhong Xiao-Ping 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The CD4Cre transgenic model has been widely used for T cell–specific gene manipulation. We report unexpected highly efficient Cre-mediated recombination in alveolar macrophages (AMFs), bronchial epithelial cells (BECs), and alveolar epithelial cells (AECs) in this strain of mice. Different from CD4 T cells, AMFs, AECs, and BECs do not express detectable Cre protein, suggesting that Cre protein is either very transiently expressed in these cells or only expressed in their precursors. Mice carrying a conditional constitutively active KRas (caKRas) allele and the CD4Cre transgene contain not only hyperactivated T cells but also develop severe AMF accumulation, AEC and BEC hyperplasia, and adenomas in the lung, leading to early lethality correlated with caKRas expression in these cells. We propose that caKRas–CD4Cre mice represent, to our knowledge, a novel model of proliferative pneumonitis involving macrophages and epithelial cells and that the CD4Cre model may offer unique usefulness for studying gene functions simultaneously in multilineages in the lung. Our observations, additionally, suggest that caution in data interpretation is warranted when using the CD4Cre transgenic model for T cell–specific gene manipulation, particularly when lung pathophysiological status is being examined.
Sarcoid-like Foreign Body Granuloma of Tongue
Authors: Smitha SG , Bisanna Jagannath , Santhosh Nirmala 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTWe report a case of delayed granulomatous reaction of the tongue due to religious practice of piercing with a metal rod. There are very few cases reported in literature with complications of ritual oral and body piercing presenting as sarcoid-like foreign body granuloma.
Schwannoma of Oropharynx: A Rare Presentation
Authors: Nemade Hemantkumar Onkar , Jaiswal Subbalaxmi Atmaram , Borade Vidhyadhar Rudrappa 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTSchwannomas are slow growing, encapsulated, solitary, benign tumors. They can arise from any myelinated nerve as they are tumors of neural sheath Schwann cells. Schwannoma seen in head and neck region are most commonly found in tongue, floor of mouth but rarely in oropharynx and tonsils. They are usually asymptomatic and rarely undergo malignant transformation. Schwannomas are considered radioresistant and recure less frequently after complete excision. Hence, complete surgical excision is treatment of choice. We are presenting a case of elderly female with oropharyngeal schwannoma completely extirpated transorally by dissection method by cold instruments. Due to rarity of presentation the surgical approach to this lesion is not well established. Following surgery the raw area created was well epithelized and patient relieved symptoms without significant morbidity. We conclude that this is a cost-effective and simple approach for management of other similar cases in future.
Anatomical Variations of Infraorbital Foramen in Dry Human Adult Egyptian Skulls, Anthropometeric Measurements and Surgical Relevance
Authors: Elsheikh Ezzeddin , Nasr Wail Fayez , Ibrahim Amal Al Shahat 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTObjectivesEvidence supports a clear racial variation in the position of the infraorbital foramen (IOF). Therefore detailed knowledge of the population specific data on biometric features of (IOF) will facilitate therapeutic, diagnostic and surgical manipulations in the maxillofacial region. The goal of this study was to elucidate the morphological features and precise anatomical position of the (IOF) with reference to surrounding anatomical landmarks in an adult Egyptian population.Materials and methodsFifty-nine adult dry Egyptian skulls (32 males and 27 females) were assessed to determine the number, shape, orientation, vertical and transverse diameters of the IOF, transverse distance from the IOF to the maxillary midline, the zygomaticomaxillary suture and the vertical distance from the IOF to the infraorbital rim and accessory infraorbital foramen using a metal casting digital vernier caliper. The position of the IOF was determined in relation to the maxillary teeth. The findings indicated that the size of the IOF and the mean distances from the IOF to the maxillary midline, infraorbital rim and foramen was significantly larger in males than in females.ResultsThe majority of IOF among the skulls were semilunarshaped in 59.4% in male skulls and 48.1% in female skulls. The majority were directed inferomedially in 88.9% in female skulls and 78.1 % in male skulls. Accessory foramina were found in 21.87% of male skulls and 18.5% of female skulls. All had bilateral double foramina except for one male skull and one female skull.ConclusionThe racial and gender differences of the IOF emphasize the need for meticulous preoperative evaluation of the IOF in patients who are candidates for maxillofacial surgeries and regional block anesthesia.
Skull Base Osteomyelitis Resulting in Petrous Internal Carotid Aneurysm
Authors: Radhakrishnan Suma R , Dahiya Vijeyta , Devarajan Ellezhuthil , Ramachandran K 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTSkull base osteomyelitis typically occurs most often as a complication of malignant otitis externa secondary to pseudomonas infection. Common risk factors are increasing age, diabetes mellitus and immunosuppression. If it happens in the absence of external otitis it is called atypical or central type. Medical management is the mainstay of treatment. Surgical management is for a diagnostic biopsy and in some for debridement. Described below is a case report of a 75 years old male patient who was diagnosed to have skull base osteomyelitis and was started on intravenous antibiotics. Following an initial improvement of symptoms, after 4 weeks he developed ear and oropharyngeal bleed. Imaging revealed a massive aneurysm of petrous internal carotid artery with multiple brain infarcts and before we could intervene the patient expired. This case emphasizes a rarity in skull base osteomyelitis and the need for early diagnosis and aggressive treatment.
Antistreptolysin O Positivity in Chronic Tonsillitis: Rare or Common?
Authors: Prashanth KB , George Nitha Mary 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT

Objective
To determine the frequency of antistreptolysin O (ASLO) positivity in cases of proven chronic tonsillitis.

Materials and methods
The present study was conducted in a tertiary care center from January to October 2013. A total of 150 patients who presented with features suggestive of chronic tonsillitis and willing for surgery were included in the study. On admission, following a detailed history taking and clinical examination, preoperative investigations along with ASLO titers were done. Following medical and anesthetic fitness, the patients underwent tonsillectomy with or without adenoidectomy and the tonsillar specimens were sent for histopathological examination.

Results
A total of five out of the 150 patients showed ASLO titer positivity (>200 IU/ml) and all were histopathologically proven cases of chronic tonsillitis.

Conclusion
Early detection and treatment of Streptococcal tonsillar involvement could be a preventive measure against the future predilection of other predisposed organs to more severe and debilitating streptococcal infections.
Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis Presenting as a Unifocal Eosinophilic Granuloma in the Body of the Mandible: A Rare Report
Authors: Shah Pratik Dipak , Mukherji Srijon 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a relatively rare and unique benign disease characterized by an abnormal proliferation of immature dendritic cells which usually affects children and young adults. Jaws are involved in less than 10% of children with the disease.

Objective
To add on to the literature one more case of this rare and unique disease which accounts for less than 1% of all bone tumors and also to discuss its oral manifestation and management.

Design
Case report

Setting
Private maxillofacial surgery institute, Kolkata, West Bengal.

Patient
A 2 years and 8 months old male child with solitary swelling over the lower left jaw since one and half months. Lesion was fixed to underlying bone and there was an expansion of buccal cortical plate at the body of mandible.

Results
Enucleation of the lesion performed after assessing history, clinical and radiological dertails and also considering patient's age. Postoperative biopsy result came as LCH presenting as a unifocal eosinophil granuloma. Appropriate surgical intervention resulted in a dramatic improvement in patient's clinical condition. At present, patient is disease-free and asymptomatic.

Conclusion
Surgical enucleation or curettage is a preferred treatment option for maxillary and mandibular lesion. Potential for the unifocal disease to become multifocal should not be underestimated as the disease can be unpredictable. We recommend long-term follow-up due to uncertainty of the disease.