bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhanced virus infection in Nicotiana benthamiana transiently overexpressing MDP92 , encoding a tobacco MYB transcription factor
Authors: Yoshikawa Munehisa , Shirai Rikako , Suzuki Taiga , Matsushita Yasuhiko , SASAKI Nobumitsu 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Transcription factors including MYB proteins are involved in plant resistance to viruses. However, the information on the role and function of MYB proteins during plant virus infection is limited. In this study, we found the trend that the expression of a tobacco MYB gene (MDP92) is temporarily be downregulated in tobacco cultivars with and without the virus resistance gene N during tobacco mosaic virus infection. To test a possible involvement of MDP92 in the regulation of virus infection, we investigated the effect of the transient overexpression of the MDP92 coding sequence alone or in combination with the N genomic sequence on infection with GFP-encoding tomato mosaic virus in Nicotiana benthamiana. Overexpression of MDP92 promoted virus intercellular movement in leaves in the presence of N and enhanced virus accumulation in leaves and protoplasts in the absence of N. Gene expression analysis of four selected resistance-related genes (NbPR1a, NbPR4, NbHin1, and NbHsr203j) showed that compared to control leaves, only NbHsr203j expression was significantly downregulated in MDP92-overexpressing leaves with N, and the expression of NbPR4 and NbHin1 was significantly upregulated in MDP92-overexpressing leaves without N. In contrast, NbPR1a expression was not affected by MDP92 overexpression. Transient overexpression of MDP92 without N also resulted in enhanced accumulation of potato virus X with upregulation of NbPR4 and NbHin1 expression during early virus infection. Based on these results, we discuss the role of the transcription factor MDP92 during virus infection.
Exploring the vicious cycle of climatic challenges with the soil system in 5 continents of the world due to the low cognitive of consuming historical products of agricultural revolutions
Authors: Sadaty Seyyed Akbar , Friedrich Theodor 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background and Objectives The process of urban and rural population increase, and the impact of household competition in providing the basic needs of life, has caused the consumption of various resources to grow rapidly and unevenly in the 5 continents of the world. In such a competitive environment, the world's agricultural soil systems, by receiving the products of agricultural revolutions, have made the climate out of the global order. So, the purpose of this strategic research is to discover the missing links in the low cognitive of the Decision-making managers, in the biochemical and physicochemical historical process of the soil in the use of the products of the agricultural revolutions. Materials and
Methods In this way, the conventional structure of culture and different environmental civilizations of the 5 continents of the world with the system of agricultural soils and climate has led to the use of the model (SMM) for the purposes of our research. For the meantime, two related and interconnected statistical methods have been used to achieve the desired global results. Also, in this section, the main components of process evaluation (10 main components of soil and 730 manuscripts of scientists from the world's most prestigious journals) has been used. For the process analysis of this research, strategic thinking, Excel and SPSS have been used.
Results and Discussion According to the trend of anthropogenic effect on 10 components of the world's agricultural soils and the revelation of two effectiveness (CPEP=47.8% and CPAR=54.2%), global climate changes have appeared. In the meantime, the low cognitive effect of the components involved in the 5 continents of the world has been able to attribute 58.5% of climate changes to agricultural soils.
Conclusion and Suggestions The results of this strategic multidisciplinary research, which was associated with the identification of driving factors (strengths and opportunities) and inhibiting factors (weaknesses and threats) in the world, showed that climate change is dependent on anthropogenesis. At the end of this exhausting effort, 10 strategic suggestions along with the pragmatism paradigm were communicated to the world.
Influences of freezing and thermal cyclic loading on physical and mechanical properties of marble
Authors: Faramarzi Lohrasb , Dehghani Bijan , Azhari Amin 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

In this study, marble specimens were used to investigate the effects of freezing and thermal cyclic loading on physical and mechanical properties. For this purpose, four types of loading were considered, including freezing-cooling (F-C), heating-cooling (H-C), freezing-cooling-heating (F-C-H) and heating-cooling-freezing (H-C-F). The changes observed in physical and mechanical properties of the marble were analyzed in temperature extend shifting from − 30°C to 160°C. To achieve this goal, two marble blocks with a dimension of 30×30×30 cm3 were selected. Then, compressive and shear wave velocities, uniaxial compressive strength (UCS), Young's modulus (E) and Brazilian tensile strength (BTS) were measured and compared in different loading conditions. Results showed that the number of freezing-cooling cycles influenced the mechanical properties of the marble. With an increase in the loading cycles, both compressional and shear wave velocities of the marble decreased. The highest reduction in tensile strength was observed in heating-cooling cycles. That is to say, the thermal loading of rock specimens caused weakening, thereby increasing the micro-crack density in the marble specimens by means of thermally shocks. It was observed that the increase in the number of loading cycles, brings about a huge decline in the marble dynamic modulus. The damage index (D) is introduced to reflect the variation of the mechanical properties and ultrasonic wave velocities of the samples before and after the thermal cyclic loading. In all freezing and thermal cyclic loading conditions, the main and predominant failure mechanism was shear failure.
Bifuruzan Skeleton: Developing New High-Energy and High- Density Energetic Materials
Authors: Yang Zhanglei , Li Junyan , Tang Jincui , Luo Wenxiu , Liang Ying , Zhao Tingxing , Zhang Jianguo , Li Hongbo , Wu Jinting 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

High-energy density materials (HEDMs) are integral to modern society and are in high demand. Consequently, the design and synthesis of energetic material molecules have garnered significant research interest. This study focuses on the furazan ring system as a core for developing superior HEDMs. We employed density functional theory (DFT) to assess the properties of 27 novel energetic compounds, including their geometries, densities, enthalpies of formation, detonation velocities, detonation pressures, and molecular orbital energies (HOMO-LUMO). The computation of detonation velocity and detonation pressure was based on theoretical density and enthalpy of formation. The findings revealed that incorporating energetic groups into the furazan framework, linked by sec-ammonia bridge (-NH-), enhances both the detonation performance and oxygen content of the materials. This enhancement guides the future synthetic endeavors aimed at creating advanced HEDMs.
Co-GWAS unveils the genetic architecture of inter-individual epistasis affecting biomass and disease severity in wheat binary mixtures
Authors: Mathieu Laura , Montazeaud Germain , Delmond Mathilde , Brousse Andy , Fréville Hélène , Méteignier Louis-Valentin , David Jacques , Morel Jean-Benoît , Ballini Elsa 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Identifying the genetic determinants underlying plant-plant interactions is key for understanding plant community dynamics, both in natural and agronomical systems. This report unveils the complex genetic architecture of plant-plant interaction effects on aerial biomass and septoria tritici blotch severity in varietal mixtures of wheat, using co-genome-wide association study. Fifty-four significant allelic interactions between distinct loci were identified, with half involving hub loci. Some inter-individual epistasis might be related to the shade-avoidance syndrome. Our results underscore the critical role of allelic interactions between inter-individual loci in shaping plant phenotypes and community dynamics, offering new perspectives to optimize varietal mixtures.
Eucommia folium can be prepared into tea with the ability to prevent and treat hyperuricemia
Authors: Hao Qing , Liu Ying , Zhai Zikun , Wang Bo , Jiang Lin , Zhang Qiyun , Su Jiawei , Zhang Maiting , Li Jiajun , Chen Shuo , Ye Ziyun , Zheng Qiusheng , Fan Xiangcheng , Han Jichun 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate the antihyperuricaemic (HUA) effect of Eucommia folium after preparing a tea made from its leaves (abbreviated as DZ) which has the ability to prevent and treat HUA. In this study, a mouse HUA model was established via gavage of potassium oxonate and hypoxanthine, and this HUA model was treated with DZ to investigate the therapeutic effect of DZ on HUA. This study recruited 30 HUA volunteers, who drank 10 g of DZ daily for 4 consecutive weeks. The serum HUA levels of UA volunteers were measured once per week to observe the anti-HUA efficacy of DZ at the clinical level. Animal experiments have shown that DZ has therapeutic effects on HUA. DZ effectively reduces the levels of uric acid (UA), creatinine (Cr), and urea nitrogen (BUN) in the serum of HUA mice; decreases xanthine oxidase (XOD) activity in the serum; and alleviates damage to kidney tissues and glomeruli. Metabolomic analysis revealed that DZ affects multiple metabolites, such as orotidine, orotic acid, ureidosuccinic acid, 1-methylhistidine, and other metabolites, and these metabolites are involved mainly in pyrimidine metabolism, histidine metabolism, and riboflavin metabolism. Clinical research revealed that, after DZ was consumed, the UA levels in the HUA volunteers significantly decreased. DZ can prevent and treat HUA, and is in the same class of traditional Chinese medicines used in medicine and food, with extremely low toxicity and high safety. Therefore, DZ is suitable as a functional food for the prevention and treatment of HUA.
A new tubalepid (Antiarcha, Placodermi) from the Middle Devonian of Huize, Yunnan, China
Authors: Luo Yanchao , Pan Zhaohui , Zhu Min 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

A new tubalepid antiarch, Tongdulepis concavus gen. et sp. nov., is described from the Middle Devonian (Qujing Formation, late Eifelian) of Huize County, Qujing, northeastern Yunnan, China. It differs from other antiarchs in the trapezoidal premedian plate, absence of postmarginal plate (except Tubalepis), spade-shaped preorbital recess, contorted infraorbital sensory line on the lateral plate, and the anterior median dorsal plate with broad anterior margin and concave posterior margin. This material confirms the absence of the postmarginal plate in Tubalepididae and adds to our understanding of the neurocranium and brachial process in the primitive bothriolepidoids. Our phylogenetic result places Tongdulepis within Tubalepididae, at the plesiomorphic position of the Tenizolepis-Dianolepis-Bothriolepis lineage.
Quantification and localization of a surface crack in a thick aluminum plate using Rayleigh waves electromagnetic acoustic transducers
Authors: Ahmad Mubarak 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Surface cracks are measured and analyzed in different materials, structures, or some of its components to determine its severity, rate of growth, and potential impact on integrity. In different research materials, structural health monitoring, and civil engineering like areas, the evaluation of cracks is very critical. To accurately quantify the depth of surface crack using conventional nondestructive testing techniques it is very challenging. The current work includes the development of a novel Velocity-Time (V-T) graph approach that uses Rayleigh wave to quantitatively evaluate the depth and localization of surface-breaking cracks. Structure of aluminum alloy with slots of various depths was studied both experimentally and numerically. To investigate the interaction between surface breaking cracks of varying depths and Rayleigh surface waves generated by a point Rayleigh wave EMAT, a two-dimensional (2D) numerical model based on the finite element approach was developed. Rayleigh waves are utilized to quantify the depth of surface cracks in a metallic structure based on proposed approach. This method makes use of Rayleigh waves that are directly related between a fixed transmitter and a uniformly moveable receiver. A pair of similar electromagnetic acoustic transducers (EMATs) operating in a pitch-catch mode were employed to generate, propagate and receive Rayleigh waves at the surface of the structure. An analytical expression for the evaluation of crack depth has presented. The experimental results has showed that this time-of-flight method can be utilized to properly measure the depth of crack and agreed well with the numerical simulation. This study has provided a feasible idea to analyze thick plates using Rayleigh wave EMATs to quantitatively estimate the depth of surface-breaking cracks. Results have showed that this novel approach has significantly amplified the accuracy of surface crack localization and quantification (with a maximum error of 6.7%).
Unveiling prognostic value of JAK/STAT signaling pathway related genes in colorectal cancer: a study of Mendelian randomization analysis
Authors: Zhang Nan , Yue Wenli , Jiao Bihang , Cheng Duo , Wang Jingjing , Liang Fang , Wang Yingnan , Liang Xiyue , Li Kunkun , Liu Junwei , Li Yadong 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Colorectal cancer (CRC) ranks among the frequently occurring malignant neoplasms affecting the gastrointestinal tract. This study aimed to explore JAK-STAT signaling pathway related genes in CRC and establish a new prognostic model.
Methods
The data set used in this study is from a public database. JAK-STAT-differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified through differential expression analysis and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). Prognostic genes were selected from JAK-STAT-DEGs through Mendelian randomization (MR), univariate Cox regression, and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) analyses. The expressions of prognostic genes were verified by RT-qPCR. Then, a risk model was built and validated by the GSE39582. Independent prognostic factors were screened underlying risk scores and different clinical indicators, resulting in the construction of a nomogram. Additionally, immune infiltration, immune scores and immune checkpoint inhibitors analyses and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) were carried out.
Results
The 3,668 JAK-STAT-DEGs were obtained by intersection of 5,826 CRC-DEGs and 9,766 JAK-STAT key module genes. Five prognostic genes were selected (ANK3, F5, FAM50B, KLHL35, MPP2), and their expressions were significantly different between CRC and control groups. A risk model was constructed according to prognostic genes and verified by GSE39582. In addition, the nomogram exhibited superior predictive accuracy for CRC. Furthermore, immune analysis results indicated a notable positive correlation between risk score and the scores of immune (R = 0.486), stromal (R = 0.309), and ESTIMATE (R = 0.422). Immune checkpoint inhibitor ADORA2A (Cor = 0.483263) exhibited the strongest positive correlation with risk score. And MPP2 exhibited the most potent activating influence on the cell cycle pathway, whereas ANK3 demonstrated the most significant inhibitory effect within the apoptosis pathway.
Conclusions
A new JAK-STAT related CRC prognostic model was constructed and validated, which possessed an underlying predictive potential for CRC patients' prognosis and could potentially enhance tailored guidance for immunotherapy.
The Impact of Serum Estradiol Levels on Vaginal pH and Candida Infections During Infertility Treatment
Authors: Çakırgöz Çağın , Çakırgöz Emine , Kirmiç Dilara , Hasdemir Pınar Solmaz , Değerli Kenan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Purpose:
This study aims to investigate the potential impact of serum estradiol levels on vaginal pH, flora, and susceptibility to Candida infections in patients undergoing infertility treatment.
Methods:
Clinical data and biochemical parameters were evaluated from 60 infertility patients aged 20–49. Blood serum estradiol levels were measured on the 2nd day of the menstrual cycle along with assessments of vaginal pH and mycological cultures. These procedures were repeated post-ovulation induction at peak estradiol levels. A comparative analysis of pre- and post-treatment samples from the same patients was conducted to determine the effect of increased estradiol on vaginal pH and Candida growth. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 22.0 software, with significance set at p < 0.05.
Results:
Post-treatment measurements indicated a significant increase in serum estradiol and vaginal pH compared to pre-treatment levels. Despite this, no significant correlation was found between estradiol levels and changes in vaginal pH, vulvovaginal symptoms, or culture growth. Similarly, vaginal pH levels did not significantly affect vulvovaginal symptoms or Candida culture growth. However, a significant relationship was identified between pre-treatment cultures and vulvovaginal symptoms, a correlation absent in post-treatment samples.
Conclusion:
The findings suggest that the substantial increase in serum estradiol levels during infertility treatment does not predispose patients to vaginal Candida infections via alterations in vaginal pH. There appears to be no additional risk of candidal infections associated with elevated estradiol during infertility treatments.
Dysfunctional crosstalk between macrophages and fibroblasts under LPS-infected and hyperglycemic environment in diabetic wounds
Authors: Sharma Shivam , Kishen Anil 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Diabetic wounds, especially diabetic foot ulcers, present a major clinical challenge due to delayed healing and prolonged inflammation. Macrophage-fibroblast interactions are essential for wound repair, yet this crosstalk is disrupted in diabetic wounds due to hyperglycemia and bacterial infection. This study investigates the dysfunctional communication between macrophages and fibroblasts, focusing on autocrine, paracrine, and juxtacrine signaling in simulated diabetic environments. Using monoculture and co-culture models of THP-1-derived macrophages and primary human dermal fibroblasts, we simulated conditions of normal glucose, LPS-induced infection, high glucose (with AGEs), and combined high glucose (with AGEs) and LPS. Macrophages in hyperglycemic and LPS-infected environments exhibited a pro-inflammatory M1 phenotype with elevated expression of CD80, and STAT1 and increased production of IL-1β, TNF-α, and MMP9. Fibroblast migration was significantly impaired under high glucose conditions, particularly in paracrine model. Secretome profiling showed heightened pro-inflammatory cytokines and proteases, with reduced anti-inflammatory markers (IL-10 and VEGF-A) under hyperglycemic conditions. Paracrine signaling exacerbated the inflammatory response, while juxtacrine signaling showed more moderate effects, conducive to healing. These findings highlight the pathological macrophage-fibroblast crosstalk in diabetic wounds, particularly under hyperglycemic and LPS-infected conditions, offering insights for potential immunomodulatory therapies aimed at restoring effective signaling and improving wound healing outcomes.
Déroulement et retombées de projets bricoleur (maker) à l’élémentaire : une revue de la portée
Authors: Cotnam-Kappel Megan , Cattani-Nardelli Alison , Neisary Sima , Labelle Patrick R. 
Published: November 2024

Le mouvement bricoleur (maker) connaît une popularité croissante dans les écoles du monde entier, mais la recherche, en particulier en français, est encore à un stade émergent. Cet article propose une revue de la portée des projets bricoleur dans les salles de classe de la 4e à la 8e année (secondaire 2) à l’échelle internationale, qui vise à analyser leurs descriptions, le déroulement, les outils utilisés et les retombées sur les élèves et le personnel enseignant. Sur 1 900 études initialement recensées et 68 articles scientifiques retenus aux fins d’analyse, l’étude définit trois phases principales des projets bricoleur : 1) l’inspiration et la préparation, 2) la mise en œuvre et la réalisation, et 3) la présentation et la recontextualisation, et elle souligne l’équilibre entre les outils numériques et physiques dans les études du corpus. Elle examine aussi les retombées sur les élèves à travers les dimensions affectives, sociales, disciplinaires et métacognitives, ainsi que sur le personnel en ce qui a trait aux dimensions pédagogiques, affectives et sociales. Des exemples de projets bricoleur disciplinaires, interdisciplinaires et transdisciplinaires sont présentés, illustrant l’ampleur et le potentiel du mouvement bricoleur. Ces résultats sont essentiels pour renforcer la formation enseignante, en s’appuyant sur les recommandations issues de recherches récentes, afin de favoriser la conception et l’intégration de projets bricoleur dans les salles de classe.
PENGARUH PERKEMBANGAN TEKNOLOGI, KUALITAS SDM, PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI, DAN INVESTASI TERHADAP TPT
Authors: Firdausi Ismy Angeia 
Published: November 2024

Unemployment is a macro problem that grows due to the imbalance between economic growth and increased employment. East Java Province made various efforts to reduce the open unemployment rate. To overcome the unemployment problem in East Java, several indicators are of concern to be studied, namely technological development, quality of human resources (HR), economic growth, and investment in 2015-2022. The purpose of this study is to findout the factors that can affect TPT in East Java. This study uses panel data, through classical assumption tests to hypothesis tests, with secondary data types coming from the official website of BPS (Central Statistics Agency). The estimation results suggest that technological developments, the quality of human resources, and investment tend to increase the number of TPT in East Java. Meanwhile, economic growth tends to reduce the TPT figure in East Java. This research can be a learning material about unemployment.
چارەنووسی قودس لە جەنگ و ڕێككەوتنەكانی پادشا ئەیوبییەكاندا (583 - 642 ك/ 1187 - 1244ز)
Authors: Muhammed Yaseen Taha 
Published: November 2024

مەبەست لەم توێژینەوەیە دەرخستنی ئەو بارگۆڕانانەیە كە بەسەر شوناس و بارودۆخی شاری قودسدا هاتوون لە هەڵكشان و داكشانەكانی دەوڵەتی ئەیوبیدا، هەر لە گێڕانەوەی "شارە پیرۆز" ـەكەوە بۆ سایەی حوكمڕانی ئیسلامی لە سەردەمی سوڵتان سەلاحەدین (583ك/1187ز)، تا دەگاتە ڕادەستكردنەوەی بە خاچییەكان لە دوو ڕێككەوتندا؛ یەكەمیان لەلایەن "مەلیك كامیل"ی برازا و زاوای "سەلاحەدین" (626ك/1229ز)، دووەمجاریش لەلایەن سێ پادشای ئەیوبی لە برازا جێنشینەكانی دیكەی كە حوكمڕانی شام بوون (642ك/ 1244ز). پێدراوە مێژوییەكانی توێژینەوەكە ئەوە دەردەخەن ئەو گرنگییەی "سەلاحەدینی ئەیوبی" بە گێڕانەوەی قودسی داوە كە ئامانجێكی گەورە و سەرانسەری بووە لەسەر ئاستی جیهانی ئیسلامی، هەروەها ئەو هێزەشی كە گێڕانەوەی ئەم شارە بە دامەزرێنەری دەوڵەتی ئەیوبی بەخشیوە، لە سەردەمی جێنشینەكانیدا، لەلایەك بەهۆی خەمساردی و لە لایەكی تر بەهۆی ململانێی نێوخۆیی لەسەر دەسەڵات و هەروەها گۆڕانی بارودۆخ و هەلومەرجیشەوە؛ گۆڕانی گەورەی بەسەردا هاتووە، بەم هۆیەشەوە دەستكەوتە گرنگەكەی "سەلاحەدینی ئەیوبی" كراوەتە كارتێك بۆ ڕێككەوتن لەگەڵ خاچییەكان و هۆكارێك بۆ سەركەوتن و باڵادەستی بەسەر یەكتریدا، ئەمەش ڕەخنە و توڕەیی زۆری هێناوەتە جێنشینەكانی "سوڵتان سەلاحەدین" چونكە نەیانتوانی پارێزگاری لەم دەستكەوتە گەورەیە بكەن و لە بری ئەوە بە ناكۆكی و پەرتەوازەیی و هەوڵی زاڵبوون بەسەر یەكدا سەرقاڵبوون. میتۆدی توێژینەوەكەش مێژویی شیكارییە و تیشك دەخاتە سەر مامەڵەی پادشا ئەیوبییەكان لەگەڵ پرسێكی هەستیار لە قۆناغی پاش فەرمانڕەوایی"سەلاحەدینی ئەیوبی" كە دۆسیەی شاری قودسی كێشە لەسەرە.