bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neuro-oncological superiority of supratotal resection in lower-grade gliomas
Authors: Gallotti Alberto L , Rossi Marco , Conti Nibali Marco , Sciortino Tommaso , Gay Lorenzo G , Puglisi Guglielmo , Leonetti Antonella , Bruno Francesco , Rudà Roberta , Soffietti Riccardo , Cerri Gabriella , Bello Lorenzo 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background
Supratotal-resection (SpTR) is a promising surgical strategy in lower-grade gliomas (LGGs). SpTR assessment, feasibility and distinctive features, as well as clinical benefit at first and second surgery and on overall survival must be better characterized. The critical percentage of resection exceeding FLAIR margins to obtain clinical benefit and its impact on long-term functional performance are also undefined.

Methods
Included were 704 patients with primary and 439 with recurrent LGGs seen between 2010 and 2019, who underwent resection with brain-mapping technique (BMT) aimed at achieving a SpTR without any “a-priori” selection. Extent-of-resection, evaluated on 3D-FLAIR-MR and categorized according to residual tumor and cavity volume, was associated with progression-free survival (PFS) and malignant(M)PFS at first and second surgery and overall survival by univariate, multivariate, and propensity-score analysis. Functional performance was assessed by neuropsychological (NPS) evaluation.

Results
SpTR evaluation requires volumetric assessment enhanced by brain deformation measurement in parietal tumors; SpTR rate accounts on average for 50.2% and 35.7% at first and second surgery is higher in grade-2, frontal, and temporal locations (at expenses of total resection [TR]). Compared to TR, SpTR reduces and postpones first and second recurrences in all molecular subtypes and grades, delays MPFS without difference in rate, and prolongs overall survival (OS). A degree of SpTR &gt; 120% associates with the lowest recurrence risk. SpTR associates with the best NPS longitudinal course.

Conclusions
This study supports the feasibility of SpTR in LGGs, its benefit at first and second surgery regardless of molecular subtypes, and on OS, significantly reducing recurrence when SpTR &gt; 120%; SpTR also associates with the best patients’ functional outcome.
A versatile reactive layer toward ultra-long lifespan lithium metal anodes
Authors: Wu Jinlun , Lu Yuheng , Ke Xianlan , Zheng Linying , Liao Rongfeng , Wu Dingcai 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT
Unstable anode/electrolyte interfaces have significantly hindered the development of lithium (Li) metal batteries under high rates and large capacities. In this study, a versatile reactive layer based on sulfur-selenium crosslinked polyacrylonitrile brushes has been developed by a combined strategy of polymer topology design and chemical crosslinking. The sulfur-selenium crosslinked polyacrylonitrile side-chains can react with Li to generate passivated Li2S-Li2Se-containing solid electrolyte interphase while 3D lithiophilic porous nanonetworks enable Li penetration, contributing to achieving rapid and uniform Li ion flux and a dendrite-free anode. With these merits, ultralong-term stable cycling (over 1 year and 4 months) at a high current density of 10 mA cm−2 has been achieved for the protected Li anodes. Moreover, even when tested in high-loading Li|NCM622 cell (21.6 mg cm−2) and Li-S cell with a low negative to positive electrode capacity ratio (1.4), stable cycling performances can also be achieved.
A 3D braincase of the early jawed vertebrate Palaeospondylus from Australia
Authors: Burrow Carole J , Young Gavin C , Lu Jing 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT
Palaeospondylus gunni Traquair, 1890, is represented by thousands of similarly preserved articulated fossils from the Achannaras quarry (∼390 Mya) in Caithness, Scotland. With radically different interpretations of its structure, it has been assigned to almost all major jawless and jawed vertebrate groups. Here we report a new and older species of Palaeospondylus from the Early Devonian of Australia (c. 400 Ma), investigated using high-resolution computed tomography. Its 3D-preserved braincase demonstrates a combination of primitive gnathostome features including an anteriorly positioned transverse cranial fissure of uncertain homology, a large dorsal fontanelle and a small hypophysial fossa. Contrary to recent interpretations of P. gunni, the new braincase shows that Palaeospondylus lacks both a postorbital process and an intracranial joint. Our new Australian species extends the history of Palaeospondylus back some 10 million years prior to its occurrence in Scotland. The newly identified neurocranial characters have been coded into a phylogenetic analysis that places Palaeospondylus as a sister group of the Chondrichthyes, but some neurocranial characters could indicate a phylogenetic position within the gnathostome stem group.
Prevalence of Tobacco and Poly-Tobacco Use as a Function of Sexual Orientation Identity and Sex
Authors: Deyo Alexa G , LaRowe Lisa R , Powers Jessica M , Ruiz Raymond A , Kidwell Katherine M , Ditre Joseph W 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Limited research has characterized poly-tobacco use (ie, use of at least two nicotine/tobacco products) among adults with sexual minoritized (SM) identities (ie, lesbian, gay, and bisexual). Additional work is needed to examine disparities in use by sexual orientation identity and determine whether these disparities differ by sex. We aimed to examine the prevalence of tobacco product use and poly-tobacco use by sexual orientation identity and sex among a nationally representative sample of US adults.

Aims and Methods
Data were drawn from 32 352 adult respondents (34.9% 18–24 years; 10.4% SM; 51.4% female) at Wave 5 (2018–2019) of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study. Logistic regression models tested main and interactive effects of sexual orientation identity and sex on tobacco product use and poly-tobacco use.

Results
SM (vs. heterosexual) participants were more likely to report the use of cigarettes, e-cigarettes, hookah, filtered cigars, and cigarillos (ORs = 1.71–3.27) and poly-tobacco use (OR = 1.83). Male (vs. female) participants, regardless of sexual orientation identity, were more likely to report use of each tobacco product (ORs = 1.30–28.73) and poly-tobacco use (OR = 1.73). Significant interactions revealed stronger associations between sexual orientation identity and cigarette and e-cigarette use among SM females (vs. heterosexual females) and SM males (vs. heterosexual males; aORs = 1.42–4.10). Tobacco use further varied within SM and heterosexual groups based on sex.

Conclusions
This study contributes to a growing literature demonstrating disparities in tobacco use among SM individuals. Findings underscore the need for comprehensive assessment of associations between sexual orientation identity and sex in tobacco use treatment.

Implications
This study examines the intersection of sexual orientation identity, sex, and tobacco use among a nationally representative sample of US adults. Findings highlight tobacco-related disparities among sexual minoritized individuals and underscore the importance of routine monitoring and intervening to reduce the disproportionate prevalence of tobacco use among this population.
Effects of E-Cigarette Warning Labels About Mental Health Consequences of Nicotine Addiction Among Young Adults in the USA: Results From a Randomized Controlled Experiment
Authors: Marynak Kristy L , Cohen Joanna E , Thrul Johannes , Kennedy Ryan D , Limaye Rupali , Moran Meghan B 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Since 2016, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has required e-cigarette packaging and advertising to bear the warning: “WARNING: THIS PRODUCT CONTAINS NICOTINE. NICOTINE IS AN ADDICTIVE CHEMICAL.” Nicotine has numerous adverse consequences besides addiction, including increased anxiety and depression symptoms that arise from nicotine withdrawal. We tested the effects of exposure to text-only e-cigarette package labels about the psychological consequences of nicotine withdrawal.

Aims and Methods
We randomized 1919 US young adults aged 18–24 years to view one of four warning label conditions: a no-message control, the current FDA warning, a message that “nicotine addiction can worsen depression and anxiety symptoms,” and a message that “nicotine addiction is a source of stress.” We explored associations between condition and intentions to use or quit e-cigarettes and perceived message effectiveness.

Results
Label condition was not associated with intentions to use or quit e-cigarettes. Intentions were equivalent among those who viewed the FDA label and those who viewed the no-message control. Compared with the FDA label, the depression/anxiety label and the stress label produced greater agreement among participants that the message “makes me concerned about nicotine addiction” after adjustment for sociodemographic characteristics; those who viewed the depression/anxiety label had greater agreement that the message “discourages me from wanting to use nicotine.”

Conclusions
While brief exposure to the warnings tested may not impact young adults’ intentions to use or quit vaping, messages about stress, depression, and anxiety arising from nicotine addiction had higher perceived effectiveness among young adults than the FDA’s current message about addictiveness.

Implications
Findings from this randomized controlled experiment among US young adults suggest that warnings about the mental health consequences of nicotine addiction might be one type of message to consider including in a suite of required e-cigarette warnings and as part of a comprehensive effort to educate the public about the risks of commercial tobacco products.
Rooting for survival: how plants tackle a challenging environment through a diversity of root forms and functions
Authors: Ramachandran Prashanth , Ramirez Andrea , Dinneny José R 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The current climate crisis has global impacts and will affect the physiology of plants across every continent. Ensuring resilience of our agricultural and natural ecosystems to the environmental stresses imposed by climate change will require molecular insight into the adaptations employed by a diverse array of plants. However, most current studies continue to focus on a limited set of model species or crops. Root systems are particularly understudied even though their functions in water and nutrient uptake are likely pivotal for plant stress resilience and sustainable agriculture. In this review, we highlight anatomical adaptations in roots that enable plant survival in different ecological niches. We then present the current state of knowledge for the molecular underpinnings of these adaptations. Finally, we identify areas where future research using a biodiversity approach can fill knowledge gaps necessary for the development of climate-resilient crops of the future.
Volatile content and genetic variation of citron in Tibet and Yunnan
Authors: Feng Di , Liu Shengjun , Chen Mengjun , Wang Shaohua , Xu Miao , Liu Chenglang , Huang Wenkai , Wang Ming , Xie Pu , Chai Lijun , Ye Junli , Xu Qiang , Zeng Xiuli , Xu Juan , Deng Xiuxin 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Citron (Citrus medica) is a representative aromatic species of the Citrus genus in the Rutaceae family. To determine the volatile profiles and genetic variation of citron, we collected 218 citron accessions within China, including 130 from Yunnan and 88 from Tibet. We identified a total of 80 volatile compounds from their pericarps. Among the volatile profiles, monoterpenes were identified as the predominant compounds, with d-limonene being the most abundant. The correlation analysis indicated that the content of 5 volatile compounds was significantly associated with the proportion of juice vesicles in citron fruits. Citrons from Tibet exhibited a higher total volatile content and lower variability in their volatile profile than those from Yunnan. Comparative analysis revealed significant differences in the levels of 48 volatile compounds between Tibetan and Yunnan citrons. Furthermore, we assembled a 402.23-Mb chromosome-scale citron genome (contig N50 = 37.51 Mb) and resequenced 105 representative citron accessions. The population structure analysis divided these citron accessions into two populations: Yunnan and Tibet. The nucleotide diversity in the Tibet population was significantly lower than that in the Yunnan population on a genome-wide scale. Based on d-limonene content, we identified JUNGBRUNNEN1-like (CmJUB1-like), a NAC transcription factor, (−) on chromosome 7 through a genome-wide association study. Overexpressing CmJUB1-like significantly enhanced d-limonene and total monoterpene levels in citron. These results broaden our understanding of the genetic mechanisms influencing volatile profiles and may facilitate the molecular breeding of citrus.
Towards rational control of seed oil composition: dissecting cellular organization and flux control of lipid metabolism
Authors: Bates Philip D , Shockey Jay 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Plant lipids represent a fascinating field of scientific study, in part due to a stark dichotomy in the limited fatty acid (FA) composition of cellular membrane lipids vs the huge diversity of FAs that can accumulate in triacylglycerols (TAGs), the main component of seed storage oils. With few exceptions, the strict chemical, structural, and biophysical roles imposed on membrane lipids since the dawn of life have constrained their FA composition to predominantly lengths of 16–18 carbons and containing 0–3 methylene-interrupted carbon-carbon double bonds in cis-configuration. However, over 450 “unusual” FA structures can be found in seed oils of different plants, and we are just beginning to understand the metabolic mechanisms required to produce and maintain this dichotomy. Here we review the current state of plant lipid research, specifically addressing the knowledge gaps in membrane and storage lipid synthesis from 3 angles: pathway fluxes including newly discovered TAG remodeling, key acyltransferase substrate selectivities, and the possible roles of “metabolons.”
Corporate Loan Spreads and Economic Activity
Authors: Saunders Anthony , Spina Alessandro , Steffen Sascha , Streitz Daniel 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
We investigate the predictive power of loan spreads for forecasting business cycles, specifically focusing on more constrained, intermediary-reliant firms. We introduce a novel loan-market-based credit spread constructed using secondary corporate loan-market prices over the 1999 to 2023 period. Loan spreads significantly enhance the prediction of macroeconomic outcomes, outperforming other credit-spread indicators. We also explore the underlying mechanisms and differentiate between borrower fundamentals and financial frictions. Evidence suggests that supply-side frictions are a decisive factor in the forecasting ability of loan spreads.
Association of lupus low disease activity state and remission with reduced organ damage and flare in systemic lupus erythematosus patients with high disease activity: a multi-national, longitudinal cohort study
Authors: Kandane-Rathnayake Rangi , Golder Vera , Louthrenoo Worawit , Chen Yi-Hsing , Cho Jiacai , Lateef Aisha , Hamijoyo Laniyati , Luo Shue-Fen , Wu Yeong-Jian J , Navarra Sandra V , Zamora Leonid , Li Zhanguo , Sockalingam Sargunan , Katsumata Yasuhiro , Harigai Masayoshi , Hao Yanjie , Zhang Zhuoli , Basnayake B M D B , Chan Madelynn , Kikuchi Jun , Takeuchi Tsutomu , Bae Sang-Cheol , Oon Sheeran , O’Neill Sean , Goldblatt Fiona , Ng Kristine (Pek Ling) , Law Annie , Tugnet Nicola , Kumar Sunil , Tee Cherica , Tee Michael , Ohkubo Naoaki , Tanaka Yoshiya , Lau Chak Sing , Nikpour Mandana , Morand Eric F , Hoi Alberta 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Objective
High disease activity status (HDAS) in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is associated with adverse long-term outcomes. We examined the frequency of lupus low disease activity state (LLDAS) and remission (REM) attainment in HDAS patients and whether their attainment was associated with improved patient outcomes.

Methods
Demographic, clinical and outcomes data, collected prospectively from a multinational cohort between 2013 and 2020, were analysed. Disease activity was assessed using SLEDAI-2K. HDAS was defined as SLEDAI-2K ≥ 10. Patients’ first visit with SLEDAI-2K ≥ 10 was assigned as baseline. Survival analyses were performed to examine the associations between cumulative and sustained LLDAS and REM attainment in HDAS patients and subsequent organ damage accrual and flare.

Results
A total of 1029 HDAS patients with a median study duration of 2.7 years [IQR: 1.0, 4.8] were studied. LLDAS and REM were attained at least once by 71% (LLDAS-ever, n = 726) and 41% (REM-ever, n = 418) of patients. Approximately one-fifth of patients attained ≥50% cumulative time in LLDAS or REM. In total, 37% (n = 385) of patients attained ≥3months of sustained LLDAS, with progressively lower proportions of patients attaining longer periods of sustained LLDAS. Lower proportions of patients attained sustained REM. Attainment of cumulative and sustained LLDAS or REM provided significant protection against damage accrual and flare in HDAS patients. Sustained periods of LLDAS and REM were difficult to achieve and were therefore a more stringent target, but provided the most protection against damage accrual or flare.

Conclusion
LLDAS and REM were achievable targets in HDAS patients, and provided significant protection against adverse outcomes.
Risk factors of COVID-19 related hospitalization of paediatric patients with rheumatic diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zhao Qianzi , Wallace Beth , Ronis Tova , Jung Lawrence 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Objective
Among adults who develop coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), those with rheumatic diseases (RDs) have similar hospitalization rates compared with those without RDs. Similar comparisons are lacking in children, due to the overall rarity of COVID-19-related hospitalization in this population. We aimed to examine the risk factors for COVID-19-related hospitalization in paediatric patients with RDs.

Methods
We conducted a systemic literature search in MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science and China National Knowledge Infrastructure from 1 December 2019, through 22 January 2024. We included observational studies based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% CI were calculated.

Results
Eight cohort studies capturing 1501 paediatric RD patients with SARS-CoV-2 and 118 COVID-19-related hospitalization were included. Odds of hospitalization was increased in children with RDs compared with healthy children. While the diagnosis of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) was associated with reduced odds of hospitalization overall (OR 0.43 [95% CI: 0.27, 0.68]), systemic JIA was associated with increased odds of hospitalization (OR 2.54 [95% CI: 1.01, 6.40]). The use of glucocorticoids (OR 5.36 [95% CI: 2.21, 13.04]), rituximab (OR 4.62 [95% CI: 1.87, 11.40]), mycophenolate mofetil (OR 4.17 [95% CI: 1.08, 16.16]), hydroxychloroquine (OR 2.97 [95% CI: 1.42, 6.21]), and IL-1 inhibitors (OR 2.28 [95% CI: 1.09, 4.78]) was associated with increased odds of hospitalization, while the use of TNFα inhibitors was associated with reduced odds (OR 0.35 [95% CI: 0.20, 0.66]).

Conclusion
Children with RDs are at risk of severe COVID-19 outcomes, while children with JIA taking TNFα inhibitors might be at a lower risk.
Corneal Endothelial Cell Morphology in Eyes With Down Syndrome
Authors: Okubo Hiroshi , Sotozono Chie , Kinoshita Shigeru 
Published: December 2024

Purpose:
To explore the morphological characteristics of corneal endothelial cells in eyes with Down syndrome.

Methods:
We conducted a comparative analysis of corneal endothelial cell density, coefficient of variation, hexagonal cell appearance rate, and corneal thickness using specular microscopy. Our study included 21 eyes of 11 patients with Down syndrome and 37 eyes of 19 control subjects.

Results:
In all eyes with Down syndrome, corneal endothelial cell density exceeded 2000 cells/mm2, and no abnormalities in cell morphology or significant differences from the control group were observed across all parameters.

Conclusions:
The structure and function of corneal endothelial cells in eyes with Down syndrome were within the normal range, even in the presence of chromosomal abnormalities of 21-trisomy in somatic cells.
Multi-omic characterization of human sural nerves across polyneuropathies
Authors: Heming Michael , Wolbert Jolien , Börsch Anna-Lena , Thomas Christian , Mausberg Anne K. , Lu I-Na , Tietz Julia , Dienhart Finja , Dambietz Christine , Uerschels Anne-Kathrin , Keyvani Kathy , Szepanowski Fabian , Eggert Bianca , Liebig Kai C. , Doppler Kathrin , Üçeyler Nurcan , Aprea Julieta , Dahl Andreas , Stassart Ruth , Fledrich Robert , Wiendl Heinz , Sommer Claudia , Stettner Mark , Hörste Gerd Meyer zu 
Published: December 2024

AbstractDiseases of peripheral nerves termed polyneuropathies (PNPs) are common, mechanistically heterogeneous, and challenging to diagnose. Here, we integrated single nuclei transcriptomics of peripheral nerves from 33 human PNP patients and four controls (365,708 nuclei) with subcellular spatial transcriptomics. We identified novel and human-specific nerve cell type markers including unexpectedly heterogeneous perineurial fibroblasts. All PNPs shared a loss of myelinating and an increase in repair Schwann cells and endoneurial lipid-associated macrophages. Transcriptional changes affected multiple cells outside of the endoneurium across PNPs, suggesting PNPs as ‘pan-nerve diseases’. Spatially, PNPs showed a previously unknown perineurial hyperplasia and fibrotic dispersion and this was most pronounced in immune-mediated PNPs. Single cell transcriptomics supported the differential diagnosis of PNPs with potential for future unbiased diagnostic classification.One-sentence summaryThe first large-scale integrated single cell and spatial transcriptomic characterization of human peripheral nerves identifies novel cell markers and unexpected heterogeneity of perineurial cells, reveals polyneuropathies as ‘pan-nerve diseases’, and shows that single cell transcriptomics hold potential for unbiased nerve disease classification.