bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Breakage Mechanism of Artificial Granular Materials
Authors: Fan Longjiang , Liu Enlong , Tang Shijia , Qin Yanlin 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe artificial cemented granular particles were prepared to simulate the rockfills, and conventional triaxial drainage tests were conducted to explore the mechanical properties of granular materials under different confining pressures. Furthermore, the results were simulated based on the discrete element method. Test results from the laboratory tests indicated the nonlinearity of this materials’ strength envelope. The particle flow method could be used to simulate the stress–strain and volumetric deformation properties of artificially prepared granular materials. By the simulation, the number of failure bonds and the variation of the displacement field during the test process were recorded, visually displaying the microscopic displacement and fragmentation of the internal particles.
Research on Design Method and Optimization of New Epoxy Resin Concrete Mix Ratio
Authors: Xu Haoran , Fang Guangxiu , Xue Baiyang 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn order to obtain epoxy concrete that can adapt to different strengths and different environmental conditions, this paper innovatively constructed a new type of accurate epoxy concrete mix calculation logic and calculation method through literature investigation, analysis, and test, which can make the process of calculating epoxy concrete mix ratio more concise and precise. In this paper, a new type of epoxy concrete mix with a strength class of C30 is designed, which can provide a reference for engineers and technicians to design accurate epoxy concrete mix better. It also provides some reference value for improving the mix ratio design method and engineering application of epoxy resin concrete.
Experimental Study on Bearing Behaviour of Bored Piles Using End-side Association Post-grouting Technology
Authors: Su Shiding , Lv Shuhui , Wu Jiaqi , Zhang Bo 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn order to improve the bearing performances of bored cast-in-place piles in soft soil area, an end-side association post-grouting technology is proposed. Based on one highway bridge project, the composite post grouting and O-cell pile testing method on one cast-in-place concrete piles S1 are performed to study their bearing deformation characteristics and the improving effect of pile tip resistance and pile side frictional resistance. The research shows that pile side grouting has improved the mechanical characteristics of pile-soil interface and the pile tip grouting could strengthen pile end soil. The strengthening effects of pile shaft resistance in silty clay are in the range of 1.49–1.60 and the strengthening effects of pile tip resistance in gravel with clay is 1.71. End-side association post-grouting technology can effectively increase the axial bearing capacity of bored piles in soft soil and reduce the pile top settlement.
Statin Therapy for Primary and Secondary Prevention in Older Adults
Authors: Bao Alicia , Karalis Dean G. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Purpose of Review
Although statin therapy is well established to prevent atherosclerotic vascular disease (ASCVD) events in adults 40 to 75 years of age, it is less clear whether older adults benefit from statin therapy. The purpose of this review is to summarize the current evidence and guidelines on statin use for primary and secondary prevention in older patients.

Recent Findings
Moderate to high intensity statin therapy decreases cardiovascular event rates in older patients with or at risk for ASCVD. Cardiac biomarkers and coronary calcium scoring can identify older patients at higher ASCVD risk who may benefit from statin therapy.

Summary
Age alone should not be a deterrent to statin therapy in older patients. The decision to initiate statin therapy should occur after a patient to clinician discussion based on the patient's overall ASCVD risk and weighed against other clinical factors that influence the patient's life expectancy and quality of life.
Management of Carotid Artery Dissection
Authors: Barnett Merry Ellen D. , Lam Lauren M. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Purpose of Review
The authors evaluated current treatment options for carotid artery dissection, both medical and procedural.

Recent Findings
Recent evidence suggests that antithrombotic therapy is key for management of carotid artery dissection. Procedures are typically reserved for when medical management is ineffective, although novel classification systems for carotid artery dissection may better identify patients who will benefit from early procedural interventions.

Summary
Carotid artery dissections occur when a tear in the intima of the carotid artery allows for accumulation of intramural hematoma within the layers of the arterial wall. One of the more devastating outcomes is a stroke, and as such most management strategies center around treating acute stroke and preventing recurrence. More research is needed to determine the optimal approach to antithrombotic therapy.
Case report. Recidiverende hematurie bij radiatiecystitis: overweeg selectieve transarteriële embolisatie van de blaas
Authors: van Dongen Sanne , van Baardewijk Laurens J. , Lamers Romy E. D. 
Published: November 2024

SamenvattingRecidiverende hematurie is een bekende complicatie bij urologische patiënten met een radiatiecystitis. De behandeling hiervan kan lastig zijn. Behandelmogelijkheden zijn onder andere intravesicale spoelingen met aluin of hyperbare zuurstoftherapie. Indien een patiënt hiervoor therapieresistent blijkt en er geen andere behandelopties meer beschikbaar zijn, zou een embolisatie van de blaas als laatste redmiddel kunnen dienen. Dit case report bespreekt een casus waarin embolisatie van de blaas uitkomst heeft geboden. Follow-up toonde tot op heden het uitblijven van hematurie.
Die WHO 2030 Cervical Cancer Elimination Initiative
Authors: Pan Teresa Lucia 
Published: November 2024

ZusammenfassungDie Weltgesundheitsorganisation (WHO) rief den Plan zur Eliminierung des Zervixkarzinoms bis 2030 aus, der in drei wesentlichen Aspekten umzusetzen ist: 90 % der Mädchen weltweit sollen bis zur Vollendung des 15. Lebensjahrs (LJ) vollständig gegen HPV geimpft sein; 70 % der Frauen sollen vor der Vollendung des 35. LJ und des 45. LJ einer Vorsorgeuntersuchung mittels eines Hochleistungstests unterzogen werden; 90 % der Frauen mit Gebärmuttererkrankungen sollen behandelt werden. In Österreich liegt die aktuelle Durchimpfungsrate bei 14-Jährigen bei ca. 53 %. Je älter die Frauen, desto niedriger sind die Impfraten. Das Screening muss von den Frauen selbst im Rahmen einer gynäkologischen Untersuchung eingefordert werden. Im Kontrast dazu gilt Australien als Vorreiter in der Prävention und Bekämpfung des Zervixkarzinoms. Dank umfassender Programme zur Früherkennung und HPV-Impfung hat sich die Inzidenz von Zervixkarzinomen in den letzten 30 Jahren halbiert, die HPV-Durchimpfungsrate der Bevölkerung liegt bei über 80 %. Schätzungen zufolge könnte Australien das erste Land weltweit sein, das das Zervixkarzinom eliminiert. Laufende breitflächige Evaluierungen ermöglichen es, die nationalen Strategien an neue wissenschaftliche Erkenntnisse anzupassen. Österreich könnte bezüglich des Impfprogramms mehr Awareness und Aufklärung schaffen. Auch Buben und ältere Frauen (bis ca. 45 Jahre) profitieren von einer HPV-Impfung. Wesentlich ist es jedoch, ein nationales organisiertes Screeningprogramm einzuführen, das auf einem wissenschaftlich überlegenen Test (HPV-Test statt Pap-Abstrich) basiert. Dies würde eine signifikante Reduktion der Inzidenz des Zervixkarzinoms und seiner Mortalität für Frauen in Österreich bedeuten. Österreich könnte von Australien viel lernen, um die WHO-Ziele rechtzeitig zu erreichen.
Developing and validating a knowledge, attitude, and practice questionnaire regarding dengue among secondary schoolchildren in Malaysia
Authors: Dapari Rahmat , Muniandy Kalaivani , Hwa Lim Chee , Bakar Suhaili Abu , Desa Mohd Nasir Mohd , Sandhu Sukhvinder Singh , Mustapha Nooreen Farzana , Zamzuri Mohd ‘Ammar Ihsan Ahmad , Hassan Mohd Rohaizat , Dom Nazri Che , Rahim Syed Sharizman Syed Abdul 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Dengue is a viral disease borne by mosquitoes that infects humans that is a significant public health concern and socio-economic burden globally, especially in countries in the tropics and subtropics. Health education and community participation are the most powerful prevention strategies. Assessing local community knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) on dengue is essential for targeted interventions, as enhancing KAP helps communities recognize risks, adopt preventive attitudes, and implement effective measures to reduce dengue transmission. This study developed and validated a questionnaire on dengue KAP among secondary schoolchildren. Questionnaires serve as essential tools in research, allowing for standardized measurement of knowledge, attitudes, and practices, which supports accurate data collection and meaningful analysis.

Methods
The development and evaluation process (structure and content) involved consultations with eight experts including public health medicine specialists, medical officers, behavioural insights officer, academician, and entomologist, to ensure the relevance and comprehensiveness of the questionnaires. A QDengue-KAP questionnaire was administered to 30 secondary schoolchildren in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. The online questionnaire was self-administered, closed-ended, distributed anonymously, and participation was voluntary.

Results
The final questionnaire comprised four sections and 50 items after the initial version had undergone a rigorous evaluation to ensure its reliability and validity. The content validity index (CVI) and content validity ratio (CVR) values exceeded the minimum requirement and indicated that all items met the minimum standards for content validity. Compared to the initial version, the final version of the questionnaire had improved Cronbach alpha values for each dengue KAP domain: knowledge [Cronbach’s alpha: 0.765 (items: 15)], attitude [0.894 (15)], practice Part A [0.735 (15)], and practice Part B [0.876 (5)]. Thus, each statement in the Knowledge (K), Attitude (A), and Practice (P) domains was deemed valid through validity and reliability evaluation, ensuring their relevance and accuracy in assessing dengue-related factors.

Conclusion
The validation process demonstrated that each statement in the KAP domains was relevant, accurate, and aligned with the study's objectives, supported by expert validation and representation of the target population. This rigorous approach strengthens the validity and reliability of the questionnaire, making it a valid tool for assessing and improving dengue-related behaviours within the target population.
An unexpected surprise: splenic volvulus
Authors: Milieri Rocco , Baldazzi Michelangelo , Minelli Rocco , Rossi Eugenio , Paviglianiti Giuseppe , Di Rosa Gianpaolo , Napolitano Marcello , Marras Mariangela , Bruno Antonio , Lovato Luigi , Cirillo Luigi , Mosconi Cristina 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
Splenic volvulus is a rare cause of acute and chronic abdominal pain. This condition is determined by an insufficiency or absence of the ligamentous attachments, a condition known as “wandering spleen” that causes a hypermobility of the spleen. Wandering spleen could be congenital or acquired and is more frequent in women of reproductive age and in children. Symptoms may remain limited or absent for long periods of time, but complications can occur due to the torsion of the splenic vascular pedicle, resulting in symptoms ranging from an incidental finding to an acute abdomen derived from ischemic necrosis of the spleen.

Case presentation
A 19-year-old male, admitted for abdominal pain and general discomfort. Considering the objective examination, further diagnostic tests were requested. Computed tomography (CT) revealed a chronic venous thrombosis of the splenic vein, hypoperfusion and malposition of the spleen, peritoneal effusion and stretching of structures in the left upper abdominal quadrant. These are strongly suspicious signs of splenic volvulus.

Conclusion
The diagnosis of this rare condition can be challenging because of the variability of its symptoms and its capacity of mimicking other pathologies. Suggestive signs should be recognized in order to ensure a timely diagnosis and to choose the optimal strategy of treatment.
Ethnopharmacological uses, phytochemistry, pharmacological activities and toxicity of Justicia adhatoda L.: a review
Authors: Jayaweera Udyanee , Shivashekaregowda Naveen Kumar Hawala , Herapathdeniya Sajeewa K. M. K. , Paranagama Priyani Ashoka 
Published: November 2024

AbstractJusticia adhatoda L. (J. adhatoda L.) belongs to the family of Acanthaceae and is a well-known medicinal plant in the South and Southeast Asia. The phytochemicals isolated from the plant include alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolic acids, triterpenoids, steroids and glycoside derivatives that are responsible for its diverse medicinal properties. The information was obtained from literature, sources including books, research papers, review papers and reports available online in accepted scientific databases such as Science Direct, Taylor and Francis, Frontiers, Scopus, Springer, MDPI, MEDLINE, Pubmed, Wiley. This review presents the up-to-date data information available on J. adhatoda L. After careful consideration, a total of 98 articles were used for this review. Herbal medicine is a form of healthcare that has been used for years in many countries. Justicia adhatoda L. is one such multipurpose plant with many uses, health benefits, and bioactivities. Several studies revealed the presence of approximately 233 phytochemical constituents. Abundance of these bioactive phytochemicals confer various pharmacological activities such as anti-microbial activity, antioxidant activity, anti-inflammatory activity, antipyretic activity, insecticidal properties, hepatoprotective activity, anti-diabetic activity, anti-tubercular activity, anti-cancer and radioprotective activity, anti-ulcer activity and activity against respiratory ailments. The review provides an overview of the traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacological activity and toxicology of J. adhatoda L. For future drug design and discovery from J. adhatoda L. more activity screening and structure–activity relationship studies are required to explore further. This present review brings forth the current findings on the pharmacological activities of J. adhatoda L. but there are still certain aspects of the plant that are limited, not reliable, or lacking in data. Also there need to be development of methods to isolate active compounds from other parts of the plant other than the leaves and to study their phytochemical potential.
Examining Predictors of Post-Traumatic Changes Among Mothers in Turkey Following Earthquakes
Authors: Kerimoğlu Yıldız Gizem , Turk Delibalta Rukiye 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Objectives
This study aims to assess the prevalence of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) in mothers affected by the February 2023 earthquakes in Turkey and to explore the influence of spiritual well-being and other factors on their Post-Traumatic Growth (PTG) levels.

Methods
The study’s sample consisted of mothers invited to participate voluntarily through online social media platforms between October-December 2023. The Mother Information Form, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Control List, Post-Traumatic Growth Scale, and Spiritual Well-Being Scale (SWBS) were used as data collection instruments.

Results
A total of 303 mothers participated in this study. The mean total PTSD score was 49.35 (SD: 19.76), and 83.5% of mothers were categorized under severe anxiety levels. There was a statistically significant weak and positive relationship between PTSD and PTG levels (r: 0.282, P:0.000). When the predictors of PTG are considered, the spiritual well-being of mothers significantly predicts PTG (F: 43.944, P: 0.000). It accounts for 12.7% (R Square = 0.127) of the variance in mothers’ PTG.

Conclusions
Mothers showed high PTSD levels 9 months after the earthquakes, but alongside these high levels, it has a positive relation with their PTG, which may show mothers becoming stronger after their traumatic experience. Study results showed the mothers’ spiritual levels were a significant predictor for PTG.
Disease Burden in the Context of Disasters: Insights from Over 6.7 million Respondents in the Bangladesh Disaster-Related Statistics of 2021
Authors: Kabir Iqbal , Rana Shohel , Alam Badsha , Chowdhury Atika Rahman , Lusha Mirza Afreen Fatima , Khanam Shimlin Jahan , Hossain Dewan Mashrur , Islam Saiful , Khan Nuruzzaman 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Objectives
The objective of this study was to explore the burden of disasters and adverse health outcomes during and following disasters in Bangladesh.

Methods
We analyzed 6 788 947 respondents’ data from a cross-sectional and nationally representative 2021 Bangladesh Disaster-related Statistics (BDRS). The key explanatory variables were the types of disasters respondents faced, while the outcome variables were the disease burden during and following disasters. Descriptive statistics were used to determine disease burden. A multilevel mixed-effects logistic regression model assessed the association between disease burden and disaster types, along with socio-demographic characteristics of respondents.

Results
Nearly 50% of respondents experienced diseases during disasters, rising to 53.4% afterward. Fever, cough and diarrhea were prevalent during and after disasters, with increases in skin diseases, malnutrition, and asthma post-disaster. Vulnerable groups, such as children aged 0–4, hijra individuals, those with lower education, people with disabilities, and rural residents, especially in Chattogram, Rangpur, and Sylhet divisions, were most affected. Floods, cyclones, thunderstorms, and hailstorms significantly increased disease likelihood during and after disasters.

Conclusions
The study underscores the complex relationship between disasters and health outcomes in Bangladesh, stressing the need for targeted public health interventions, improved health care infrastructure, and evidence-based policies to mitigate disaster-related health risks.
Inferring species extinction from sighting data
Authors: McCrea Rachel S. , Cheale Thomas , Campillo-Funollet Eduard , Roberts David L. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

1.
Understanding whether a species still persists, or the timing of its extinction is challenging, however, such knowledge is fundamental for effective species management.

2.
For the vast majority of species our understanding of their existence is based solely on sighting data that can range from museum specimens and clear photographs, through vocalisations, to markings and oral accounts.

3.
Here we review the methods that have been developed to infer the extinction of species from a sighting record, providing an understanding of their assumptions and applications. We have also produced an RShiny package which can be used to implement some of the methods presented in the article.

4.
While there are a number of potential areas that could be further developed, the methods reviewed provide a useful tool for inferring species extinction.
Triangular Insight on Open Banking in Indonesia, Singapore, and Australia
Authors: Hermawan Sapto , Khoirunisa Zenia Aziz , Tejomurti Kukuh 
Published: November 2024

AbstractOpen banking is a regulatory framework allowing customers to share their banking data with third-party service providers securely. This concept has gained traction recently, with many countries implementing it to increase competition and innovation in the financial industry. This article will examine how open banking is being implemented in Indonesia, Singapore, and Australia through triangular insight, mainly examining API (Application Programming Interface) standardization, security issues, a regulatory sandbox, customer insights, and user experiences. This article, using normative legal research, demonstrates that open banking is a regulatory framework that is indeed gaining traction in many countries, including Indonesia, Singapore, and Australia. While some challenges and weaknesses are associated with implementing open banking, it can potentially increase competition, innovation, and consumer welfare in the financial industry. Legal research and insights gleaned through triangular insight have been instrumental in developing the legal frameworks for open banking and ensuring that it is implemented securely, transparently, and ethically.
Random growth via gradient flow aggregation
Authors: Steinerberger Stefan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
We introduce gradient flow aggregation, a random growth model. Given existing particles

$\{x_1,\ldots,x_n\} \subset \mathbb{R}^2$

, a new particle arrives from a random direction at

$\infty$

and flows in direction of the vector field

$\nabla E$

where

$ E(x) = \sum_{i=1}^{n}{1}/{\|x-x_i\|^{\alpha}}$

,

$0 < \alpha < \infty$

. The case

$\alpha = 0$

refers to the logarithmic energy

${-}\sum\log\|x-x_i\|$

. Particles stop once they are at distance 1 from one of the existing particles, at which point they are added to the set and remain fixed for all time. We prove, under a non-degeneracy assumption, a Beurling-type estimate which, via Kesten’s method, can be used to deduce sub-ballistic growth for

$0 \leq \alpha < 1$

,

$\text{diam}(\{x_1,\ldots,x_n\}) \leq c_{\alpha} \cdot n^{({3 \alpha +1})/({2\alpha + 2})}$

. This is optimal when

$\alpha = 0$

. The case

$\alpha = 0$

leads to a ‘round’ full-dimensional tree. The larger the value of

$\alpha$

, the sparser the tree. Some instances of the higher-dimensional setting are also discussed.
APPROXIMATION THEOREMS THROUGHOUT REVERSE MATHEMATICS
Authors: SANDERS SAM 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Reverse Mathematics (RM) is a program in the foundations of mathematics where the aim is to find the minimal axioms needed to prove a given theorem of ordinary mathematics. Generally, the minimal axioms are equivalent to the theorem at hand, assuming a weak logical system called the base theory. Moreover, many theorems are either provable in the base theory or equivalent to one of four logical systems, together called the Big Five. For instance, the Weierstrass approximation theorem, i.e., that a continuous function can be approximated uniformly by a sequence of polynomials, has been classified in RM as being equivalent to weak König’s lemma, the second Big Five system. In this paper, we study approximation theorems for discontinuous functions via Bernstein polynomials from the literature. We obtain many equivalences between the latter and weak König’s lemma. We also show that slight variations of these approximation theorems fall far outside of the Big Five but fit in the recently developed RM of new ‘big’ systems, namely the uncountability of

${\mathbb R}$

, the enumeration principle for countable sets, the pigeon-hole principle for measure, and the Baire category theorem.