bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
EFFECT OF LEVEL OF AMPUTATION ON POSTURAL STEADINESS AMONG LOWER EXTREMITY AMPUTEES
Authors: Medema Arianna , Henness Douglas , Steinhorst Kendra , Moauro Robert , Reuland Michael , Whelan Robert , Kester Shawna , Bateni Hamid 
Published: February 2019

INTRODUCTION
Increased rate of fall, reduced balance confidence and increased fear of falling is reported for lower extremity amputees.1 Fall rate also increases at higher levels of amputation1. This study aims to compare postural steadiness of different levels of lower extremity amputees through comparison of time and frequency domain variables of postural sway.
Abstract PDF Link: https://jps.library.utoronto.ca/index.php/cpoj/article/view/32015/24434
How to cite: Medema A, Henness D, Steinhorst K, Moauro R, Reuland M, Whelan R, Kester S, Bateni H. EFFECT OF LEVEL OF AMPUTATION ON POSTURAL STEADINESS AMONG LOWER EXTREMITY AMPUTEES. CANADIAN PROSTHETICS & ORTHOTICS JOURNAL, VOLUME 1, ISSUE 2, 2018; ABSTRACT, POSTER PRESENTATION AT THE AOPA’S 101ST NATIONAL ASSEMBLY, SEPT. 26-29, VANCOUVER, CANADA, 2018. DOI: https://doi.org/10.33137/cpoj.v1i2.32015
Abstracts were Peer-reviewed by the American Orthotic Prosthetic Association (AOPA) 101st National Assembly Scientific Committee.
http://www.aopanet.org/
JAPANESE TRANSLATION OF THE PROSTHETIC LIMB USERS SURVEY OF MOBILITY
Authors: Balkman Geoffrey , Samejima Soshi , Aoki David , Hafner Brian J. 
Published: February 2019

INTRODUCTION
Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) are used by prosthetists to assess and communicate effectiveness of prosthetic interventions. The Prosthetic Limb Users Survey of Mobility (PLUS-M) is a PROM developed to evaluate lower limb prosthetic mobility.1 Valid and reliable translations of prosthetics-specific PROMs, like PLUS-M, do not exist for Japanese-speaking patients. The purpose of this research was to translate PLUS-M to Japanese using rigorous translation guidelines in order to maintain the meaning and applicability of items across both languages.
Abstract PDF Link: https://jps.library.utoronto.ca/index.php/cpoj/article/view/32017/24436
How to cite: Balkman G, Samejima S, Aoki D, Hafner B.J. JAPANESE TRANSLATION OF THE PROSTHETIC LIMB USERS SURVEY OF MOBILITY. CANADIAN PROSTHETICS & ORTHOTICS JOURNAL, VOLUME 1, ISSUE 2, 2018; ABSTRACT, POSTER PRESENTATION AT THE AOPA’S 101ST NATIONAL ASSEMBLY, SEPT. 26-29, VANCOUVER, CANADA, 2018. DOI: https://doi.org/10.33137/cpoj.v1i2.32017
Abstracts were Peer-reviewed by the American Orthotic Prosthetic Association (AOPA) 101st National Assembly Scientific Committee.
http://www.aopanet.org/
ESTABLISHING THE RELIABILITY AND VALIDITY OF THE COMPONENT TIMED-UP-AND-GO TEST TO DETERMINE BASIC PROSTHETIC MOBILITY IN PEOPLE WITH LOWER LIMB AMPUTATION
Authors: Clemens Sheila , Gaunaurd Ignacio , Lucarevic Jennifer , Klute Glenn , Kirk-Sanchez Neva , Bennett Christopher , Gailey Robert 
Published: February 2019

INTRODUCTION
Studies suggest that brief bouts of activity consisting of sit-to-stand transitions, gait initiation, turning and negotiation of obstacles, are essential tasks of daily mobility, as well as prosthetic mobility1,2. Using outcome measures deemed reliable for use in the amputee population is ideal3,4. The purpose of this study was to investigate the reliability and validity of a component timed-up-and-go test (cTUG), using a mobile application (App), to evaluate basic prosthetic mobility tasks in people with lower limb amputation (LLA). The cTUG captures time required to perform the subtask components of sit to stand transitions, linear gait, and a 180˚ turn that are requisites of the standard TUG test. It was hypothesized that the cTUG would demonstrate test-retest reliability, differentiate between groups based on anatomical level of amputation, and exhibit convergent validity with other measures of prosthetic mobility and balance.
Abstract PDF Link: https://jps.library.utoronto.ca/index.php/cpoj/article/view/32036/24452
How to cite: Clemens S, Gaunaurd I, Lucarevic J, Klute G, Kirk-Sanchez N, Bennett C, Gailey R. ESTABLISHING THE RELIABILITY AND VALIDITY OF THE COMPONENT TIMED-UP-AND-GO TEST TO DETERMINE BASIC PROSTHETIC MOBILITY IN PEOPLE WITH LOWER LIMB AMPUTATION. CANADIAN PROSTHETICS & ORTHOTICS JOURNAL, VOLUME 1, ISSUE 2, 2018; ABSTRACT, ORAL PRESENTATION AT THE AOPA’S 101ST NATIONAL ASSEMBLY, SEPT. 26-29, VANCOUVER, CANADA, 2018. DOI: https://doi.org/10.33137/cpoj.v1i2.32036
Abstracts were Peer-reviewed by the AOPA 2018 National Assembly Scientific Committee.
WHAT IN THE “HEEL” DO THEY FEEL? 15303
Authors: Smith Megan 
Published: February 2019

INTRODUCTION
A typical gait pattern includes a heel strike, followed by a smooth transition to foot flat through loading response. Children with poor postural control and related gait deficits often present with anterior weight lines, which result in loss of first rocker and/or a fast transition from initial contact to footflat. The foot has many important jobs, including providing proprioceptive feedback. There are 104 cutaneous mechanoreceptors on the plantar surface of the foot.1 While most of the sensors are in the metatarsal/tarsal and toe regions, we cannot forget the role of the mechanoreceptors in the heel.
Abstract PDF Link: https://jps.library.utoronto.ca/index.php/cpoj/article/view/32044/24458
How to cite: Smith M. WHAT IN THE “HEEL” DO THEY FEEL? 15303. CANADIAN PROSTHETICS & ORTHOTICS JOURNAL, VOLUME 1, ISSUE 2, 2018; ABSTRACT, ORAL PRESENTATION AT THE AOPA’S 101ST NATIONAL ASSEMBLY, SEPT. 26-29, VANCOUVER, CANADA, 2018. DOI: https://doi.org/10.33137/cpoj.v1i2.32044
Abstracts were Peer-reviewed by the American Orthotic Prosthetic Association (AOPA) 101st National Assembly Scientific Committee.
http://www.aopanet.org/
THE EFFECT OF MATERIAL CHOICE AND PROCESS PARAMETERS ON THE MECHANICAL STRENGTH OF 3D-PRINTED TRANSTIBIAL PROSTHETIC
Authors: Sabeti Shadi , Raschke Silvia Ursula , Mattie Johanne 
Published: February 2019

INTRODUCTION
The most important aspect of a lower extremity prosthesis is the socket. The socket is the interface between the human and the mechanical support system1. There are different methods for producing prosthetic sockets. The traditional method requires a skilled prosthetist and is time consuming 2, 3. Using 3D printing technology for manufacturing prosthetic sockets promises to speed up the fabrication process and reduce materials and time cost significantly. 3D Printed prosthetic sockets have to potential to increase socket strength and durability. This paper investigates the effect of material choices and printing process parameters on the mechanical strength of 3D printed trans-tibial sockets.
Abstract PDF Link: https://jps.library.utoronto.ca/index.php/cpoj/article/view/32160/24510
How to cite: Sabeti S, Raschke S.U, Mattie J. THE EFFECT OF MATERIAL CHOICE AND PROCESS PARAMETERS ON THE MECHANICAL STRENGTH OF 3D-PRINTED TRANSTIBIAL PROSTHETIC. CANADIAN PROSTHETICS & ORTHOTICS JOURNAL, VOLUME 1, ISSUE 2, 2018; ABSTRACT, POSTER PRESENTATION AT THE AOPA’S 101ST NATIONAL ASSEMBLY, SEPT. 26-29, VANCOUVER, CANADA, 2018. DOI: https://doi.org/10.33137/cpoj.v1i2.32160
Abstracts were Peer-reviewed by the American Orthotic Prosthetic Association (AOPA) 101st National Assembly Scientific Committee.
http://www.aopanet.org/
Hadron physics in magnetic fields
Authors: Andreichikov M A , Kerbikov B O , Simonov Yu A 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
We propose a new approach to exploring relativistic compound systems in an external magnetic field. A relativistic Hamiltonian that includes confinement, one-gluon exchange, and spin–spin interaction has been obtained applying the path integral formalism. The masses of the quark–antiquark states that correspond at zero magnetic field to the ρ- and π-meson and neutron mass have been calculated as a function of the magnetic field. The most interesting phenomena occur in superstrong magnetic fields on the order of 1018 − 1020 G that emerge for a short time in peripheral collisions of relativistic heavy ions.
Charge exchange injection into accelerators and storage rings
Authors: Dudnikov V G 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
The development of charge exchange injection technology at the Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, mastering charge exchange injection at research centers worldwide, and the experimental observation, explanation, and damping of electron–proton instability (electron cloud effect) are overviewed. Techniques for preparing a circulating proton beam whose intensity is an order of magnitude higher than the space-charge limit are considered. Problems with stripping-foil stability in the process of injection of intense beams and laser ionization of accelerated atoms are also discussed.
Clinical Value of Screening Peritoneal Dialysis Patients for Bacterial Colonization or Contamination
Authors: Parthasarathy Rajeevalochana , Kashem Tasnuva , NicFhogartaigh Caoimhe , Melzer Mark , Fan Stanley L. 
Published: February 2019

Introduction The adoption of the International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis guideline of using mupirocin ointment has been limited by fear of developing mupirocin-resistant organisms. We performed a surveillance program of a large peritoneal dialysis (PD) unit. Methods We performed 1,175 surveillance swabs from anterior nares, PD catheter exit site, groin, and axilla, from 240 patients. The mean interval between swabs was 3.3 months. Results Colonization by Staphylococcus aureus ( S. aureus) or Pseudomonas species was 9.5% and 10.9%, respectively. Despite adopting a universal policy of applying mupirocin to PD catheter exit sites in 2001, no instances of mupirocin-resistant S. aureus were identified. Moreover, patients who grew S. aureus from surveillance swabs did not experience higher peritonitis rates than those with “no growth.” This was in contrast to patients who grew Pseudomonas or enteric organisms. There were no differences in patient demographics for those who grew S. aureus, Pseudomonas, or enteric organisms (compared with “no-growth” patients). Conclusion Our results suggest that the application of mupirocin ointment appeared to minimize peritonitis of patients colonized with S. aureus. The use of mupirocin in this patient cohort has not led to mupirocin resistance. The increased peritonitis rate of patients who grew Pseudomonas or enteric organisms is of interest. We propose that greater attention to hygiene and catheter care in these patients is warranted. The increasing use of paid healthcare workers attending patients daily to help perform PD (assisted PD) gives an opportunity for us to address these wider issues.
Interpreting the Star Formation–Extinction Relation with MaNGA
Authors: Li Huan , Wuyts Stijn , Lei Hao , Lin Lin , Lam Man I , Boquien Médéric , Andrews Brett H. , Schneider Donald P. 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
We investigate the resolved relation between local extinction and star formation surface density within nearby star-forming galaxies selected from the MaNGA survey. Balmer decrement measurements imply an extinction of the Hα line emission that scales approximately linearly with the logarithm of the star formation surface density:

. Secondary dependencies are observed such that, at a given ΣSFR, regions of lower metallicity and/or enhanced Hα equivalent width (EW) suffer less obscuration than regions of higher metallicity and/or lower Hα EW. Spaxels lying above the mean relation also tend to belong to galaxies that are more massive, larger, and viewed under higher inclination than average. We present a simple model in which the observed trends can be accounted for by a metallicity-dependent scaling between ΣSFR and Σdust via a superlinear Kennicutt–Schmidt relation (n
KS ∼ 1.47) and a dust-to-gas ratio that scales linearly with metallicity (DGR(Z
⊙) = 0.01). The relation between the resulting total dust column and observed effective extinction toward nebular regions requires a geometry for the relative distribution of Hα-emitting regions and dust that deviates from a uniform foreground screen and also from an entirely homogeneous mixture of dust and emitting sources. The best-fit model features an Hα EW and galactocentric-distance-dependent fraction of the dust mass in a clumpy foreground screen in front of a homogeneous mixture.
Provincial and National Prevalence Estimates of Transmitted HIV-1 drug Resistance in South Africa Measured using two WHO-recommended Methods
Authors: Hunt Gillian M , Ledwaba Johanna , Kalimashe Monalisa , Salimo Anna , Cibane Siyabonga , Singh Beverly , Puren Adrian , Dean Natalie Exner , Morris Lynn , Jordan Michael R 
Published: February 2019

Background Sentinel surveillance of transmitted HIV drug resistance (TDR) among recently infected populations within a country was recommended by the World Health Organization from 2004 to 2015. Methods Serum specimens collected as part of the 2010, 2011 and 2012 National Antenatal Sentinel HIV Prevalence Surveys were used to estimate provincial and national TDR prevalence in South Africa. Results Moderate (5–15%) levels of transmitted non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) drug class resistance were detected in three of five provinces surveyed in 2010 and 2011 (Eastern Cape, Free State and KwaZulu-Natal). Inclusion of all nine of South Africa's provinces in the 2012 survey enabled calculation of a national TDR point prevalence estimate: TDR to the NNRTI drug class was 5.4% (95% CI 3.7, 7.8%), with K103N and V106M being the most frequently detected mutations. TDR estimates for the nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) drug class were 1.1% (95% CI 0.5, 2.4%) and 0.6% (95% CI 0.1, 1.6%) for protease inhibitors (PI). Conclusions These data provide national TDR estimates for South Africa in 2012 and indicate that levels of TDR were low to moderate for the NNRTI drug class and low for NRTIs and PIs in the population surveyed.
LASIK in Children With Hyperopic Anisometropic Amblyopia
Authors: Utine Canan Asli , Cakir Hanefi , Egemenoglu Abdulkadir , Perente Irfan 
Published: February 2019

Purpose
To evaluate the results of LASIK for hyperopia in pediatric eyes with amblyopia resulting from anisometropia.

Methods
Thirty-two children with anisometropic amblyopia in whom conventional therapy was unsuccessful underwent unilateral LASIK between 1999 and 2005. Mean patient age was 10.3±3.1 years (range: 4 to 15 years), and mean follow-up was 20.1±15.1 months (range: 12 to 60 months). At the last follow-up examination, spherical equivalent refraction, uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA), best spectacle-corrected visual acuity (BSCVA), and complications were recorded.

Results

Mean preoperative and postoperative manifest spherical equivalent refraction of the treated eyes was 5.17±1.65 and 1.39±1.21 diopters (D), respectively (
P
<.01). Mean UCVA was 0.06±0.09 (range: 0.01 to 0.5) preoperatively and 0.27±0.23 (range: 0.05 to 0.8) postoperatively (
P
<.01). Mean BSCVA was 0.20±0.17 (range: 0.01 to 0.8) preoperatively and 0.35±0.25 (range: 0.1 to 1.0) postoperatively (
P
<.01). Six eyes gained ⩾4 lines of BSCVA, 4 eyes gained 2 to 3 lines, 12 eyes gained 1 line, and 9 eyes were unchanged; only 1 eye lost 1 line of BSCVA due to haze in the flap-stroma interface. None of the patients reported halos or glare. There were no intraoperative or postoperative flap complications.

Conclusions

LASIK seems to be an effective and safe procedure for the management of hyperopic anisometropic amblyopia in select cases. Visual acuity improved in the amblyopic eyes and was associated with decreased anisometropia. The refractive response to hyperopic LASIK in children appears to be similar to that of adults with comparable refractive errors. [
J Refract Surg.
2008;24:464–472.]
Custom-designed Toric Phakic Intraocular Lenses to Correct High Corneal Astigmatism
Authors: Mertens Erik L. , Sanders Donald R. , Vitale Pauline N. 
Published: February 2019

Purpose
To analyze the results of a custom-designed posterior chamber toric phakic intraocular lens (PIOL).

Methods
A 40-year-old woman with high astigmatism and thin corneas underwent bilateral PIOL implantation with the toric Implantable Collamer Lens (ICL) custom-designed and manufactured by STAAR Surgical. The appropriate toric ICL power was calculated to be −8.00 +8.00 × 96° for the right eye and −8.50 +7.50 × 86° for the left eye. Optical zone was 5.5 mm and 6.875 mm at the corneal plane.

Results
At 3 and 6 months postoperatively, uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) and best-spectacle corrected visual acuity (BSCVA) of both eyes had improved to 20/20 and 20/16, respectively. At 19 months, UCVA was 20/20 and 20/16 in the right and left eyes, respectively, and BSCVA had improved to 20/16 and 20/10, respectively. The subjective refraction was stable, with a change of −0.37±0.17 D from preoperative to 19 months postoperatively. Throughout the postoperative period, iridotomies remained patent and the corneas were clear.

Conclusions

Bilateral implantation of the custom-designed toric ICL successfully corrected the patient's high astigmatism. Preoperative subjective refractive cylinder of −5.25 × 6° in the right eye and −5 × 176° in the left eye changed to −0.5 × 77° and −0.5 × 115°, respectively, after toric IOL implantation. There was almost no change in corneal astigmatism. This customized approach led to UCVA of 20/20 in the right eye and 20/16 in the left eye, and BSCVA of 20/16 in the right eye and 20/10 in the left eye. This is the first report of a toric PIOL being specifically manufactured to meet the refractive cylinder requirements of a specific patient. [
J Refract Surg
. 2008;24:501–506.]
Phakic Refractive Lens: Two-year Results
Authors: Koivula Annemari , Taube Mikaela , Zetterström Charlotta 
Published: February 2019

Purpose
To evaluate the surgical outcome and adverse events associated with correction of myopia and hyperopia with a phakic refractive lens (PRL), and to determine the random errors of the analytical methods used in the trial.

Methods
In this prospective clinical study, 14 myopic and 6 hyperopic PRLs were implanted in 20 eyes of 20 patients from April to November 2002. Follow-up included evaluation of the PRL rotation with retroillumination photography, the distance between the PRL and crystalline lens with Scheimpflug images, laser flare meter, endothelial cell count, uncorrected (UCVA) and best spectacle-corrected visual acuity (BSCVA), refraction, intraocular pressure, and induced cataract. The random errors of the measurements with laser flare meter were 17%, with Scheimpflug images 10%, and with endothelial cell count 2.8%.

Results

Postoperatively, 25% of eyes gained 2 or more lines and no eye lost 2 or more lines of BSCVA. Mean UCVA was 0.89±0.34. Laser flare values returned to baseline at 3 months and had no changes at 1 or 2 years (
P
>.05). The PRL rotated less during the second year than the first year. The distance between the PRL and crystalline lens was less at 1 year than at baseline (
P
<.05) but had no change during the second year. No statistically significant endothelial cell loss was noted between 1 week and 1 or 2 years postoperatively (
P
>.05). Two (10%) eyes developed pupillary block, one (5%) hyperopic eye showed unexpected postoperative myopia, and in another hyperopic eye (5%) the horizontal iris transillumination defects were noticed at 1 year combined with slight pupil ovalization at 2 years. No induced cataract, glaucoma, or inflammation was observed.

Conclusions

Safety and efficacy indexes were high at 2-year follow-up. The distance between the PRL and crystalline lens decreased by 59% during the first year but seemed to stabilize thereafter. The PRL rotated in only a few eyes after the first year. [
J Refract Surg
. 2008;24:507–515.]
Effect of Flap Thickness on Higher Order Wavefront Aberrations Induced by LASIK: A Bilateral Study
Authors: Cheng Zhen-Ying , He Ji C. , Zhou Xing-Tao , Chu Ren-Yuan 
Published: February 2019

Purpose
To investigate the effect of flap thickness on wavefront aberrations induced by LASIK.

Methods
LASIK was performed on 56 eyes of 28 patients with refraction errors that were well matched between the right and left eyes. For each patient, a planned 160-µm flap was created for one randomly selected eye using the Moria M2 microkeratome (130-µm head; thick flap group), and a 110-µm flap was created for the contralateral eye with the same microkeratome (90-µm head; thin flap group). Flap thickness was measured using ultrasonic pachymetry. Wavefront aberrations were measured in the anterior cornea using the Orbscan II (Bausch & Lomb) and in the whole eye using the Wavefront Supported Custom Ablation (WASCA) aberrometer (Carl Zeiss Meditec) preoperatively and at 1 month and 1 year postoperatively.

Results

Mean flap thickness was 155±13 µm in the thick flap group and 112±11 µm in the thin flap group. Mean root-mean-square of higher order wavefront aberrations were changed for the different test times in the cornea (
F
=29.9,
P
<.0001) and the whole eye (
F
=48.0,
P
<.0001). There was no significant difference between the two flap groups for the cornea (
F
=0.76) or for the whole eye (
F
=0.07). Similar results were observed for higher order Zernike aberrations such as spherical aberration and comas.

Conclusions

The results suggest higher order wavefront aberrations induced by LASIK are independent of flap thickness. Complications in visual outcome for patients with different flap thickness should be attributed to factors other than aberrations. [
J Refract Surg
. 2008;24:524–529.]
Pupil Center Shift Relative to the Coaxially Sighted Corneal Light Reflex Under Natural and Pharmacologically Dilated Conditions
Authors: Erdem Uzeyir , Muftuoglu Orkun , Gundogan Fatih Çakir , Sobaci Gungor , Bayer Atilla 
Published: February 2019

Purpose
To evaluate the location and shift of the pupil center relative to the coaxially sighted corneal reflex on horizontal and vertical planes under natural and pharmacologically dilated conditions.

Methods
Ninety-four (64 myopic and 30 hyperopic) eyes of 47 patients underwent pupillometry with the NIDEK OPD-Scan under photopic and mesopic conditions before and after instillation of cyclopentolate 1%. Horizontal, vertical, and vectorial shift of the pupil center were calculated between each condition.

Results

The pupil center was located temporally to the coaxially sighted corneal reflex a mean distance of 0.336±0.181, 0.345±0.195, and 0.339±0.170 mm under photopic, mesopic, and pharmacologically dilated conditions, respectively. The pupil center shifted primarily inferotemporally (44%), followed by inferonasally (22%), superotemporally (19%), and superonasally (15%) from photopic to pharmacologic dilation. Mean magnitude of pupil shift was 0.084±0.069 mm (range: 0.010 to 0.385 mm) from mesopic to photopic, 0.149±0.080 mm (range: 0.013 to 0.384 mm) from photopic to pharmacologic dilation, and 0.102±0.104 mm (range: 0 to 0.530 mm) from mesopic to pharmacologic dilation. Mean distance between the pupil center and the coaxially sighted corneal reflex was greater in hyperopes than in myopes (
P
<.05), but no significant difference was observed in pupil center shifts between myopes and hyperopes under all three conditions (
P
>.05).

Conclusions

The pupil center is located temporally and shifts in every direction, primarily inferotemporally, relative to the coaxially sighted corneal reflex with natural and pharmacologic dilation. The horizontal distance between the pupil center and the coaxially sighted corneal reflex was significantly higher in hyperopes than in myopes. [
J Refract Surg.
2008;24:530–538.]