bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hogere waardering voor gemengde wijk
Authors: Ouwehand André 
Published: September 2019

Higher appreciation for mixed neighbourhood Residents of Rotterdam Zuidwijk about the inflow of new residents in their changing neighbourhood
This paper investigates the effects of neighbourhood change caused by the inflow of new residents in the still existing social rental stock in a post-World War II district next to the effects of the changing population as the result of urban restructuring. All residents, native Dutch and residents that belong to an ethnic minority, are critical about the occurring concentration of the latter in the existing rental housing stock. Loss of respectability and of shared norms and values of how to live in the neighbourhood play an important role in the critical stance of mostly older Dutch native residents. Residents with a migrant background criticize the concentration as a negative influence for their integration in Dutch society. Most residents support the idea of a mixed neighbourhood based on income and ethnicity. Restructuring by demolition of old social rental dwellings and new housing development for owner-occupiers is supported by most residents, based on the positive impact on the liveability. Urban restructuring has however not decreased the share of non-Dutch-native residents but it did bring more middle-class households. In the view of the residents these are ‘decent people’ as they have to work in daytime and do not linger at night in the streets.
Sociaal werk in stadswijken waar problemen zich opstapelen
Authors: Welschen Saskia , Veldboer Lex 
Published: September 2019

Social work in urban areas where social disadvantage accumulates
The impact of residualisation on social work has so far hardly been explored. Based on existing literature and recently started empirical research in Amsterdam we analyze several consequences. Residualisation refers to the process whereby urban social housing is strictly allocated to the lowest income groups. What does this concentration of disadvantaged households mean for the role of social workers? Firstly, for community workers residualisation mostly implies a renewed role as instigators of residents’ participation in urban renewal trajectories for social mix. Furthermore community activities are increasingly used to offer safe havens for new and old groups of residents and also to prevent expensive treatments for several residential groups. For social workers focusing on individual support or casework residualisation results in an increasingly complex caseload. Residualisation does not imply extra formation for social work, but rather extra attention for the effortful coproduction of welfare between formal and informal actors. Within this playing field, we distinguish link work as vital for both formal and informal social work. Link work is about establishing vertical and horizontal connections between different worlds, across sectoral, professional or trust gaps. We expect that in areas of residualisation successful urban social work is dependent on strong linking skills.
Sociale cohesie in gentrificerende arbeiderswijken van Amsterdam-Noord
Authors: van de Kamp Linda , Welschen Saskia 
Published: September 2019

Social cohesion in gentrifying working class neighborhoods in Amsterdam North
We analyze how ‘original’ residents in different gentrifying working class areas in Amsterdam North experience and evaluate the changes in their neighborhood in terms of social cohesion – in other words, whether they feel at home in their changing neighborhood and whether they feel connected to other residents. Policy interventions often focus on establishing connections between residents with different socioeconomic or cultural backgrounds, in order to stimulate mutual understanding. An underlying policy aim is to uplift vulnerable original residents through contact with higher income groups. Based on our empirical data, we critically assess the concept of ‘bridging capital’ (Putnam, 2000) that underpins several of the social activities that are organized in areas such as the ones in our study. Subsequently, we discuss the importance of ‘bonding capital’ or the sense of interconnectedness and strong ties amongst original residents. Our empirical data – based on both interviews and participatory observation – suggest that activities within the ‘own’ community contribute importantly to feelings of belonging in the neighborhood. In the final section of the article, we discuss how different types of local meeting places offer opportunities for ‘lighter’ forms of interactions without aiming directly at strong connections between differently positioned neighborhood residents.
Dakloosheid oplossen? Niet zonder een integraal woonbeleid!
Authors: de Vries Jan , Beers Rina 
Published: September 2019

Solving homelessness? Not without an integral housing policy!
The most relevant part of a discussion is not what is discussed but what cannot be spoken of. The real taboos are those for which it is taboo to call them taboos. The status quo defines itself as non-ideological while denouncing any challenge to itself as radical. Therefore the column De Blinde Vlek frames the framers, politicizes the status quo and articulates what is not heard of.
Abundance of arthropods as food for meadow bird chicks in response to short- and long-term soil wetting in Dutch dairy grasslands
Authors: De Felici Livia , Piersma Theunis , Howison Ruth A. 
Published: September 2019

BackgroundThroughout the world, intensive dairy farming has resulted in grasslands almost devoid of arthropods and birds. Meadow birds appear to be especially vulnerable during the chick-rearing period. So far, studies have focused mainly on describing population declines, but solutions to effectively stop these trends on the short-term are lacking. In this study at a single farm, we experimentally manipulated soil moisture through occasional irrigation, to mitigate against early season drainage and create favorable conditions for the emergence of above-ground arthropods during the meadow bird chick rearing phase.MethodsTo guarantee the presence of at least a sizeable arthropod community for the measurement of effects of wetting, we selected a farm with low intensity management. The land use and intensity of the study site and surroundings were categorized according to the national land use database and quantified using remote sensing imagery. From May 1 to June 18, 2017, we compared a control situation, with no water added, to two wetting treatments, a “short-term” (3 weeks) treatment based on wetting on warm days with a sprinkler system and a “long-term” treatment next to a water pond with a consistently raised water table from 2010. We measured soil temperature, soil moisture and resistance as well as the biomass of arthropods at 3-day intervals. Flying arthropods were sampled by sticky traps and crawling arthropods by pitfall traps. Individual arthropods were identified to Order and their length recorded, to assess their relevance to meadow bird chicks.ResultsThe land use analysis confirmed that the selected dairy farm had very low intensity management. This was different from most of the surrounding area (20 km radius), characterized by (very) high intensity land use. The experiments showed that irrigation contributed to cooler soils during midday, and that his happened already in the early part of the season; the differences with the control increased with time. In the short- and long-term treatments, soil moisture increased and soil resistance decreased from the mid-measurement period onward. Compared with the control, cumulative arthropod biomass was higher in the long-term treatment, but showed no change in the irrigation treatment. We conclude that small-scale interventions, such as occasional irrigation, favorably affected local soil properties. However, the effects on above-ground arthropod abundance currently appear limited or overridden by negative landscape-scale processes on arthropods.
ESBL Mediated Antimicrobial Nonsusceptibility of Uropathogenic Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolates from Pregnant Women in Nnewi, Nigeria
Authors: Chioma O. Peculiar-Onyekere, , Martina C. Agbo, , Emmanuel A. Eze, 
Published: September 2019

Background and Objective: Extended Spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) producing Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) is an important public health issue due to lack of therapeutic antibiotic options and the danger it portends to the pregnant woman. This study was carried out to determine the prevalence and response to antimicrobials of ESBL-producing uropathogenic E. coli and K. pneumoniae, among pregnant women on ante natal care.
Study Design/Materials and Methods: Two hundred and fifteen pregnant women across three different hospitals in Nnewi North L.G.A of Anambra State were screened for these uropathogens. Modified Double Disc Synergy test (MDDST) was carried out on the isolates to phenotypically determine the presence of ESBL. Plasmid profiling as well as plasmid curing studies were undertaken. Molecular characterization of the phenotypically confirmed ESBL positive isolate via Polymearse Chain Reaction (PCR) was carried out using three ESBL primers (bla-TEM, bla-SHV, bla-CTX-M).
Results: 192 isolates were obtained of which 75(39.1%) were E. coli and 117(60.9%) were K. pneumoniae. A total of 130 (67.7%) of the pregnant women had ESBL-mediated UTI, the highest rate reported in recent times in Nigeria. Molecular characterization of the ESBL types revealed a predominance of bla-TEM (91.9%), followed by bla-SHV (73.3%) and bla-CTX-M (56.8%).
Conclusion: The Majority of the isolates harbored multiple ESBL genes. Curing studies were largely ineffectual as most of the isolates retained their resistance determinants regardless of the concentration of the curing agent (acridine orange).
Novel Au–SiO2–WO3 Core–Shell Composite Nanoparticles for Surface‐Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy with Potential Application in Cancer Cell Imaging
Authors: Martinez Pancorbo Pablo , Thummavichai Kunyapat , Clark Louise , Tabish Tanveer A. , Mansfield Jessica , Gardner Ben , Chang Hong , Stone Nick , Zhu Yanqiu 
Published: September 2019

AbstractWith the rapid development of nanotechnology during the last decades, the ability to detect and control individual objects at the nanoscale has enabled us to deal with complex biomedical challenges. In cancer imaging, novel nanoparticles (NPs) offer promising potential to identify single cancer cells and precisely label larger areas of cancer tissues. Herein, a new class of size tunable core–shell composite (Au–SiO2–WO3) nanoparticles is reported. These nanoparticles display an easily improvable ≈103 surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) enhancement factor with a double Au shell for dried samples over Si wafers and several orders of magnitude for liquid samples. WO3 core nanoparticles measuring 20–50 nm in diameter are sheathed by an intermediate 10–60 nm silica layer, produced by following the Stöber‐based process and Turkevich method, followed by a 5–20 nm thick Au outer shell. By attaching 4‐mercaptobenzoic acid (4‐MBA) molecules as Raman reporters to the Au, high‐resolution Raman maps that pinpoint the nanoparticles' location are obtained. The preliminary results confirm their advantageous SERS properties for single‐molecule detection, significant cell viability after 24 h and in vitro cell imaging using coherent anti‐stokes Raman scattering. The long‐term objective is to measure SERS nanoparticles in vivo using near‐infrared light.
MoS2/HfO2/Silicon‐On‐Insulator Dual‐Photogating Transistor with Ambipolar Photoresponsivity for High‐Resolution Light Wavelength Detection
Authors: Deng Jianan , Zong Lingyi , Zhu Mingsai , Liao Fuyou , Xie Yuying , Guo Zhongxun , Liu Jian , Lu Bingrui , Wang Jianlu , Hu Weida , Zhou Peng , Bao Wenzhong , Wan Jing 
Published: September 2019

AbstractPhotogating detectors based on 2D materials attract significant research interests. However, most of these photodetectors are only sensitive to the incident intensities and lack the ability to distinguish different wavelengths. Color imaging based on these detectors usually requires additional optical filter arrays to collect red, green, and blue (RGB) colors in different photodetectors to restore the true color of one pixel. In this study, an MoS2/HfO2/silicon‐on‐insulator field effect phototransistor with wavelength distinguishing ability is presented, where the photogating effect can be simultaneously formed in the top MoS2 gate and bottom Si substrate gate. These two individual photogating effects can reduce and increase the read current in the middle 12 nm Si channel, respectively. Thus, by tuning the applied voltages on these two gates, the device can be used to obtain tunable ambipolar photoresponsivity from +7000 A W−1 (Si bottom gate dominated) to 0 A W−1 (balanced), and finally to −8000 A W−1 (MoS2 gate dominated). In addition, the experimental results show that the corresponding top gate voltage to the zero responsivity (0 A W−1) point can be positively shifted by the increasing of incident wavelength with high resolution up to 2 nm and is insensitive to the incident intensity.
Recent Advances in Fiber‐Shaped Supercapacitors and Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Zhou Yang , Wang Chun‐Hui , Lu Wen , Dai Liming 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe rapid development in wearable electronics has spurred a great deal of interest in flexible energy storage devices, particularly fiber‐shaped energy storage devices (FSESDs), such as fiber‐shaped supercapacitors (FSSCs) and fiber‐shaped batteries (FSBs). Depending on their electrode configurations, FSESDs can contain five differently structured electrodes, including parallel fiber electrodes (PFEs), twisted fiber electrodes (TFDs), wrapped fiber electrodes (WFEs), coaxial fiber devices (CFEs), and rolled electrodes (REs). Various rational methods have been devised to incorporate these fiber‐shaped electrodes into multifunctional FSESDs, including fiber‐shaped supercapacitors, lithium‐ion batteries, lithium–sulfur batteries, lithium–air batteries, zinc–air batteries, and aluminum–air batteries. Although significant progress has been made in FSESDs, it remains a major challenge to make high‐performance fiber‐shaped devices at low cost. A focused and critical review of the recent advancements in fiber‐shaped supercapacitors and lithium‐ion batteries is provided here. The pros and cons for each of the aforementioned electrode configurations and FSESDs are discussed, along with current challenges and future opportunities for FSESDs.
An Ordered Ni6‐Ring Superstructure Enables a Highly Stable Sodium Oxide Cathode
Authors: Wang Peng‐Fei , Weng Mouyi , Xiao Yao , Hu Zongxiang , Li Qinghao , Li Meng , Wang Yi‐Ding , Chen Xin , Yang Xinan , Wen Yuren , Yin Ya‐Xia , Yu Xiqian , Xiao Yinguo , Zheng Jiaxin , Wan Li‐Jun , Pan Feng , Guo Yu‐Guo 
Published: September 2019

AbstractSodium‐based layered oxides are among the leading cathode candidates for sodium‐ion batteries, toward potential grid energy storage, having large specific capacity, good ionic conductivity, and feasible synthesis. Despite their excellent prospects, the performance of layered intercalation materials is affected by both a phase transition induced by the gliding of the transition metal slabs and air‐exposure degradation within the Na layers. Here, this problem is significantly mitigated by selecting two ions with very different MO bond energies to construct a highly ordered Ni6‐ring superstructure within the transition metal layers in a model compound (NaNi2/3Sb1/3O2). By virtue of substitution of 1/3 nickel with antimony in NaNiO2, the existence of these ordered Ni6‐rings with super‐exchange interaction to form a symmetric atomic configuration and degenerate electronic orbital in layered oxides can not only largely enhance their air stability and thermal stability, but also increase the redox potential and simplify the phase‐transition process during battery cycling. The findings reveal that the ordered Ni6‐ring superstructure is beneficial for constructing highly stable layered cathodes and calls for new paradigms for better design of layered materials.
Effect of Perforation on the Thermal and Electrical Breakdown of Self‐Rolled‐Up Nanomembrane Structures
Authors: Michaels Julian A. , Wood Derek R. , Froeter Paul J. , Huang Wen , Sievers Dane J. , Li Xiuling 
Published: September 2019

AbstractStrain‐induced self‐rolled‐up membranes (S‐RuM) are structures formed spontaneously by releasing a strained layer or layer stacks from its mechanical support, with unique applications in passive photonics, electronics, and bioengineering. Depending on the thermal properties of the strained layers, these structures can experience various thermally induced deformations. These deformations can be avoided and augmented with the addition of strategically placed perforations in the membrane. This study reports on the use of perforations to modify the thermal effects on strained silicon nitride S‐RuM structures. A programmable fuse with well‐defined thermal threshold, ultrasmall footprint, and 2–3 V voltage rating is demonstrated, which can potentially serve as an on‐chip sensing device for power electronic circuits.
Highly Stable Nanocrystal Engineered Palladium Decorated Cuprous Oxide Photocathode for Hydrogen Generation
Authors: Masudy‐Panah Saeid , Khiavi Negar Dasineh , Katal Reza , Ten It Wong , Saeedikhani Mohsen , Rimaz Sajjad , Ying Wu , Xiao Gong 
Published: September 2019

AbstractPhotocorrosion stability and the discrepancy between optical absorption and carrier diffusion length of cuprous oxide (Cu2O) thin films are the main limiting factors for hydrogen evolution and practical applications of Cu2O photocathodes. In this paper, by nanocrystal engineering the Cu2O optical absorbing thin film, the photocorrosion stability can be significantly improved. Furthermore, palladium (Pd) nanostructures are used to both act as a cocatalysis and address the discrepancy between optical absorption and carrier diffusion length of cuprous oxide and improve the photocatalytic activity of Cu2O photocathodes. By tuning the crystal quality of thin Cu2O film and Pd nanostructures through controlling the sputtering power of Cu2O and in situ plasma of substrate, the impact of the degree of crystallinity of thin Cu2O film and Pd nanostructures on photocorrosion stability and photocatalytic activity of prepared photocathodes are investigated in detail. Systematic characterization of prepared samples by using X‐ray diffraction, high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy, and scanning electron microscope analysis indicates that improving the crystallinity of deposited Cu2O thin film and Pd nanostructures can significantly improve the photocorrosion stability and performance of Cu2O based photocathodes.
Effectiveness and analysis of factors predictive of discharge to home in a 4‐year cohort in a residential transitional care unit
Authors: Chan Daniel Kam Yin , Zhang Shouzi , Liu Yvonne , Upton Ciaran , Kurien Priya Elsa , Li Rui , Hohenberg Mark I. , Hung Wai Tak 
Published: September 2019

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness and identify factors predictive of home discharge in a cohort of patients admitted to the residential Transitional Aged Care Program (r‐TACP) after a stay in an acute hospital.MethodsA retrospective observational cohort study of patients admitted to a single r‐TACP unit between 1 January 2014 and 31 December 2017 was carried out. Baseline patient characteristics and discharge outcomes were analyzed.ResultsThree hundred sixty‐nine patients were admitted during the study period. The discharge outcomes were as follows: 68% returned home, 17% went onto residential care, 14% were readmitted to hospital, and 1% died. Factors associated with not returning home were increased age, increased comorbidities, and lower Barthel Index on admission to the r‐TACP.ConclusionOur r‐TACP is an effective program that successfully returns the majority (67.8%) of older patients home after an acute hospital admission. Older patients with greater comorbidities and poorer baseline functional status in our program were less likely to return home.
Synthesis of Tetraarylethene Luminogens by C−H Vinylation of Aromatic Compounds with Triazenes
Authors: Suleymanov Abdusalom A. , Doll Martin , Ruggi Albert , Scopelliti Rosario , Fadaei‐Tirani Farzaneh , Severin Kay 
Published: September 2019

AbstractTetraarylethenes are obtained by acid‐induced coupling of vinyl triazenes with aromatic compounds. This new C−H activation route for the synthesis of aggregation‐induced emission luminogens is simple, fast, and versatile. It allows the direct grafting of triarylethenyl groups onto a variety of aromatic compounds, including heterocycles, supramolecular hosts, biologically relevant molecules, and commercial polymers.
Drivers of consensus‐based decision‐making in international environmental regimes: Lessons from the Southern Ocean
Authors: Sykora‐Bodie Seth T. , Morrison Tiffany H. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

The global environmental crisis (characterized by declines in biodiversity, transboundary pollution, habitat degradation, and climate change) has inspired international environmental regimes, such as the Convention for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources (CCAMLR), to establish large‐scale networks of marine protected areas (MPAs) in areas beyond national jurisdiction.
The Southern Ocean surrounding Antarctica comprises roughly 10% of the global ocean and plays a crucial role in regulating global climate and marine ecosystems. Although the Antarctic marine environment currently remains one of the most intact on Earth, it is threatened by fishery expansion and a rapidly changing climate. In response, CCAMLR has been developing a representative network of MPAs to sustain ecosystem structure and function, protect areas vulnerable to human activities, and conserve biodiversity.
Whereas significant research has focused on the role of formal mechanisms and state power in international environmental regimes, very little is known about the role of non‐state actors and informal approaches, particularly in the negotiation of agreements to establish large‐scale networks of MPAs.
Case analysis of the 2016 Ross Sea Region MPA agreement reveals that CCAMLR is undergoing a significant period of learning and institutional evolution, as actors seek novel ways to negotiate a network of Southern Ocean MPAs. Key drivers of consensus include external political dynamics, internal leadership and group dynamics, and shared concern for the future of CCAMLR and Antarctic MPAs.
Actors also rely on informal principles of negotiation (such as increasing transparency, developing trust, and engaging in dialogue) to fill institutional gaps in both CCAMLR's formal structure and the current process for developing and negotiating MPAs.
As environmental threats grow in complexity and scale, non‐state actors and informal negotiations will become increasingly critical to support the ongoing success of formal international institutions dedicated to protecting the ecological integrity and function of the global environment.