bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relative deprivation of temporary agency workers in the public sector: The role of public service motivation and the possibility of standard employment
Authors: Jung Heung‐Jun , Noh Sung‐Chul , Kim Ilju 
Published: March 2018

AbstractAlthough public service organisations have increasingly relied on nonstandard employees, little research has investigated their work experiences and job attitudes. This paper examines the mechanism by which temporary agency workers' experience of relative deprivation affects their organisational attachment toward their client firm in the public sector. Based on data collected from temporary help agencies working with an international airport in Korea, we found that the perceived likelihood of standard employment mediated the negative relationship of relative deprivation to organisational attachment. Moreover, the indirect relationship of relative deprivation with organisational attachment via perceived likelihood of standard employment was strong and significant among those with high public service motivation but was not significant for those with low public service motivation. We discuss the implications of this study in building a better understanding of relative deprivation and nonstandard work arrangements in the public sector.
Talent responses to talent status awareness—Not a question of simple reciprocation
Authors: Ehrnrooth Mats , Björkman Ingmar , Mäkelä Kristiina , Smale Adam , Sumelius Jennie , Taimitarha Susanna 
Published: March 2018

AbstractHow to manage talent effectively is a key question in organisations. Yet we still know relatively little about talent's psychological reactions to their exclusive status. Based on psychological contract theory and research on status, this study analyses a sample of 321 employees identified as talent by their organisations, only some of whom were aware of their exclusive talent status. The results provide evidence that talent status awareness moderates the relationship between a range of employer inducements and talent obligations, such that it increases the importance of some inducements while diminishing that of others. The study contributes to the talent management literature by isolating specific effects of talent status awareness and calling into question extant evidence of its direct positive effects on talent attitudes. The findings also have implications for talent status communication, talent management, and future theorising of talent reactions to their exclusive status.
Vitamin D administration leads to a shift of the intestinal bacterial composition in Crohn's disease patients, but not in healthy controls
Authors: Schäffler Holger , Herlemann Daniel PR , Klinitzke Paul , Berlin Peggy , Kreikemeyer Bernd , Jaster Robert , Lamprecht Georg 
Published: March 2018

OBJECTIVEDysbiosis is a common feature in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Environmental factors, such as vitamin D deficiency, seem to play a role in the intestinal inflammation of IBD. The aim of this study was to investigate whether vitamin D administration has an impact on the bacterial composition in Crohn's disease (CD) compared to healthy controls (HC).METHODSA prospective, longitudinal, controlled interventional analysis was conducted in seven patients with CD in clinical remission and 10 HC to investigate the effect of orally administrated vitamin D on the intestinal bacterial composition using 16S ribosomal RNA gene amplicon sequencing. Clinical parameters were assessed.RESULTSIn contrast to HC, microbial communities of CD patients changed significantly during early vitamin D administration. However, a further increase in vitamin D level was associated with a reversal of this effect and additionally with a decrease in the bacterial richness in the CD microbiome. Specific species with a high abundancy were found during vitamin D administration in CD, but not in HC; the abundancy of Alistipes, Barnesiella, unclassified Porphyromonadaceae (both Actinobacteria), Roseburia, Anaerotruncus, Subdoligranulum and an unclassified Ruminococaceae (all Firmicutes) increased significantly after 1‐week vitamin D administration in CD.CONCLUSIONSVitamin D has a specific influence on the bacterial communities in CD, but not in HC. Administration of vitamin D may have a positive effect in CD by modulating the intestinal bacterial composition and also by increasing the abundance of potential beneficial bacterial strains.
Associations of sleep duration and prediabetes prevalence in a middle‐aged and elderly Chinese population with regard to age and hypertension: The China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study baseline survey
Authors: Yan Mingming , Fu Zhen , Qin Tingting , Wu Nanjin , Lv Yalan , Wei Qinyun , Jiang Hongwei , Yin Ping 
Published: March 2018

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of the present study was to examine the age‐specific associations between self‐reported sleep duration and prevalent prediabetes in middle‐aged and elderly Chinese with or without hypertension.MethodsIn all, 2985 Chinese adults aged ≥45 years from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) baseline survey were selected for analysis. Sleep duration was assessed by structured questionnaires and then categorized into three groups (≤6, 6–8, and >8 h). The prevalence of prediabetes was defined using fasting plasma glucose (100–125 mg/dL) and/or HbA1c (5.7%–6.4%) in conjunction with no previous diabetes diagnosis and no antidiabetic medication. Relationships between self‐reported sleep duration and prevalent prediabetes were examined according to age (45–60 years, middle‐aged; ≥60 years, elderly) and hypertension groups using Poisson regression models to estimate prevalence ratios (PRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI).ResultsCompared with the reference group of 6–8 h sleep/night, short sleep (≤6 h/night) was associated with an increased risk of prediabetes in the whole sample (PR 1.09, 95% CI 1.01–1.17) after adjusting for confounders. This association was more pronounced in elderly participants without hypertension (PR 1.27, 95% CI 1.07–1.51).ConclusionThis study suggests that participants with a short sleep period are at a moderately increased risk of prediabetes, particularly in elderly subjects without hypertension. Aging and hypertension may be important in the relationship between short sleep and impaired glucose metabolism.
Long‐term outcomes in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma treated with reduced‐volume conformal radiotherapy: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Billan Salem , Bakouche Veronique , Borzov Egor , Gil Ziv , Abdah‐Bortnyak Roxolyana 
Published: March 2018

AbstractIntroductionWhile the optimal target volumes for primary nasopharyngeal tumour are still subject to debate, we evaluated primary tumour volumes in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients treated according to an institutional protocol with a reduced volume approach and compared them to those determined by Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG)‐0615 guidelines.MethodsThis single‐centre retrospective analysis included 36 NPC patients treated between 2/2007 and 3/2014. Planning target volume (PTV)‐P 50 (50 Gy isodose to the primary tumour) included the gross tumour and the entire nasopharyngeal mucosa (clinical target volume [CTV]–P 50) with 5 mm margins. The PTV‐P 50 volumes, as determined by our protocol, were compared to those obtained with RTOG‐0615 PTV‐P 59.4 (59.4 Gy to the primary tumour). Clinical outcomes were also analysed.ResultsMedian (range) follow‐up: 48 (21–108) months; 88.9% were males; median age was 53 (27–86) years; 14%, 53%, and 33% had stage II, III, and IV disease at diagnosis, respectively. Median volume of PTV‐P 50: 209.0 (92.6–568.0) cc. Median volume of RTOG‐0615 PTV‐P 59.4‐P: 292.0 (123.6–425.1) cc. The PTV‐P volume was significantly smaller than that delineated according to the RTOG‐0615 protocol (p < 0.001). Isolated local relapse as first site of recurrence occurred in five patients: two with stage III, two with IVA and one with IVB disease; all had advanced local disease at diagnosis. All local recurrences occurred in the PTV‐P 69‐70 region.ConclusionA reduced volume approach for radiotherapy in primary NPC provided acceptable long‐term local control.
A high‐density SNP chip for genotyping great tit (Parus major) populations and its application to studying the genetic architecture of exploration behaviour
Authors: Kim J.‐M. , Santure A. W. , Barton H. J. , Quinn J. L. , Cole E. F. ,   Great Tit HapMap Consortium, Visser M. E. , Sheldon B. C. , Groenen M. A. M. , van Oers K. , Slate J. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractHigh‐density SNP microarrays (“SNP chips”) are a rapid, accurate and efficient method for genotyping several hundred thousand polymorphisms in large numbers of individuals. While SNP chips are routinely used in human genetics and in animal and plant breeding, they are less widely used in evolutionary and ecological research. In this article, we describe the development and application of a high‐density Affymetrix Axiom chip with around 500,000 SNPs, designed to perform genomics studies of great tit (Parus major) populations. We demonstrate that the per‐SNP genotype error rate is well below 1% and that the chip can also be used to identify structural or copy number variation. The chip is used to explore the genetic architecture of exploration behaviour (EB), a personality trait that has been widely studied in great tits and other species. No SNPs reached genomewide significance, including at DRD4, a candidate gene. However, EB is heritable and appears to have a polygenic architecture. Researchers developing similar SNP chips may note: (i) SNPs previously typed on alternative platforms are more likely to be converted to working assays; (ii) detecting SNPs by more than one pipeline, and in independent data sets, ensures a high proportion of working assays; (iii) allele frequency ascertainment bias is minimized by performing SNP discovery in individuals from multiple populations; and (iv) samples with the lowest call rates tend to also have the greatest genotyping error rates.
Proteome and acylome analyses of the functional interaction network between the carbazole‐degradative plasmid pCAR1 and host Pseudomonas putida KT2440
Authors: Vasileva Delyana , Suzuki‐Minakuchi Chiho , Kosono Saori , Yoshida Minoru , Okada Kazunori , Nojiri Hideaki 
Published: March 2018

SummaryUnderstanding the interplay between a plasmid and its host system is a bottleneck towards prediction of the fate of plasmid‐harbouring strains in the natural environments. Here, we studied the impact of the conjugative plasmid pCAR1, involved in carbazole degradation, on the proteome of Pseudomonas putida KT2440 using SILAC method. Furthermore, we investigated two acyl lysine modifications (acetylation and succinylation) that respond to the metabolic status of the cell and are implicated in regulation of various cellular processes. The total proteome analysis revealed that the abundance of key proteins involved in metabolism, signal transduction and motility was affected by pCAR1 carriage. In total, we identified 1359 unique acetylation sites on 637 proteins and 567 unique succinylation sites on 259 proteins. Changes in the acylation status of proteins involved in metabolism and translation by pCAR1 carriage were detected. Remarkably, acylation was identified on proteins involved in important plasmid functions, including partitioning and carbazole degradation, and on nucleoid‐associated proteins that play a key role in the functional interaction with the chromosome. This study provides a novel insight on the functional consequences of plasmid carriage and improves our understanding of the plasmid‐host cross‐talk.
Effect of applied magnetic fields on motility and magnetotaxis in the uncultured magnetotactic multicellular prokaryote ‘CandidatusMagnetoglobus multicellularis’
Authors: Keim Carolina N. , Duarte de Melo Roger , Almeida Fernando P. , Lins de Barros Henrique G. P. , Farina Marcos , Acosta‐Avalos Daniel 
Published: March 2018

SummaryMagnetotactic bacteria are found in the chemocline of aquatic environments worldwide. They produce nanoparticles of magnetic minerals arranged in chains in the cytoplasm, which enable these microorganisms to align to magnetic fields while swimming propelled by flagella. Magnetotactic bacteria are diverse phylogenetically and morphologically, including cocci, rods, vibria, spirilla and also multicellular forms, known as magnetotactic multicellular prokaryotes (MMPs). We used video‐microscopy to study the motility of the uncultured MMP ‘Candidatus Magnetoglobus multicellularis’ under applied magnetic fields ranging from 0.9 to 32 Oersted (Oe). The bidimensional projections of the tridimensional trajectories where interpreted as plane projections of cylindrical helices and fitted as sinusoidal curves. The results showed that ‘Ca. M. multicellularis’ do not orient efficiently to low magnetic fields, reaching an efficiency of about 0.65 at 0.9–1.5 Oe, which are four to six times the local magnetic field. Good efficiency (0.95) is accomplished for magnetic fields ≥10 Oe. For comparison, unicellular magnetotactic microorganisms reach such efficiency at the local magnetic field. Considering that the magnetic moment of ‘Ca. M. multicellularis’ is sufficient for efficient alignment at the Earth's magnetic field, we suggest that misalignments are due to flagella movements, which could be driven by photo‐, chemo‐ and/or other types of taxis.
Variations of pulmonary vein drainage critical for lung resection assessed by three‐dimensional computed tomography angiography
Authors: Shiina Nobuyuki , Kaga Kichizo , Hida Yasuhiro , Sasaki Tsukasa , Hirano Satoshi , Matsui Yoshiro 
Published: March 2018

BackgroundIt is important to understand pulmonary vein drainage pattern variations and their frequency in order to perform safe anatomical pulmonary resection.MethodsVariations and frequencies were assessed using three‐dimensional computed tomography angiography (3D‐CT) in 194 patients. In cases where the tumor or lymph node caused atelectasis or compression of hilar structures, the involved lobes were excluded from the analyses.ResultsWe confirmed variant drainage patterns in 15/189 (8.0%) patients in the right upper lobe (RUL), 29/189 (15.3%) in the right middle lobe (RML), 18/192 (9.5%) in the right lower lobe (RLL), and 5/187 (2.6%) in the left upper lobe (LUL). There was no variant type in the left lower lobe (LLL). There were 14 (7.4%) cases of anomalous superior posterior pulmonary vein of RUL (V2) drainage: V2 draining to the superior pulmonary vein (SPV) (n = 2, 1.1%), V2 to the inferior pulmonary vein (IPV) (n = 7, 3.7%), V2 to the left atrium (LA) (n = 2, 1.1%), and V6 to the apical pulmonary vein of the RLL (n = 3, 1.6%). There was a posterior pulmonary vein, V3 to RML pulmonary vein in one case (0.5%). The RML pulmonary vein drained into the IPV in 14 (7.4%) and into the LA in 15 (7.9%) cases. The right V6 directly drained into the LA in 15 (7.9%) and V6 into the SPV in 3 (1.6%) cases. The lingular pulmonary vein drained into the IPV in one case (0.5%) and into the LA in two cases (1.1%). The inferior lingular pulmonary vein V5 drained into the IPV and into the LA in one case (0.5%), respectively.ConclusionWe describe anomalous pulmonary venous drainage patterns and their frequencies particular to anatomic surgical resection. 3D‐CT is useful to find such variations.
Effect of pre‐operative methylprednisolone on orthostatic hypotension during early mobilization after total hip arthroplasty
Authors: Lindberg‐Larsen V. , Petersen P. B. , Jans Ø. , Beck T. , Kehlet H. 
Published: March 2018

BackgroundOrthostatic hypotension (OH) and intolerance (OI) are common after total hip arthroplasty (THA) and may delay early mobilization. The pathology of OH and OI includes a dysregulated post‐operative vasopressor response, by a hitherto unknown mechanism. We hypothesized that OI could be related to the inflammatory stress response which is inhibited by steroid administration. Consequently, this study evaluated the effect of a pre‐operative high‐dose methylprednisolone on OH and OI early after THA.MethodsRandomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled study in 59 patients undergoing elective unilateral THA with spinal anesthesia and a standardized multimodal analgesic regime. Patients were allocated (1 : 1) to pre‐operative intravenous (IV) methylprednisolone (MP) 125 mg or isotonic saline (C). OH, OI and cardiovascular responses to sitting and standing were evaluated using a standardized mobilization protocol pre‐operatively, 6, and 24 h after surgery. Systolic and diastolic arterial pressure and heart rate were measured non‐invasively (Nexfin®). The systemic inflammation was monitored by the C‐reactive protein (CRP) response.ResultsAt 6 h post‐operatively, 11 (38%) versus 11 (37%) patients had OH in group MP and group C, respectively (RR 1.02 (0.60 to 1.75; P = 1.00)), whereas OI was present in 9 (31%) versus 13 (43%) patients (RR 0.76 (0.42 to 1.36; P = 0.42)), respectively.At 24 h post‐operatively, the prevalence of OH and OI did not differ between groups, though CRP levels were significantly reduced in group MP (P < 0.001).ConclusionPre‐operative administration of 125 mg methylprednisolone IV did not reduce OH or OI compared with placebo despite a reduced inflammatory response.
Socioeconomic status and risk of intensive care unit admission with sepsis
Authors: Storm L. , Schnegelsberg A. , Mackenhauer J. , Andersen L. W. , Jessen M. K. , Kirkegaard H. 
Published: March 2018

BackgroundA recent study showed higher risk of bacteremia among individuals with low socioeconomic status (SES). We hypothesized that patients with a low SES have a higher risk of intensive care unit (ICU) admission with sepsis compared to patients with higher SES.MethodsThis was a case–control study on patients with sepsis admitted to the ICU at Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark (2008–2010). Three hundred eighty‐three sepsis patients were matched on sex, age, and zip code with controls retrieved from the background population. SES was defined as highest accomplished educational level, yearly income, cohabitation status, and occupation. The odds ratio (OR) of being admitted with sepsis to the ICU was calculated using conditional logistic regression, adjusting for the Charlson Comorbidity Index and the remaining socioeconomic variables.ResultsThe adjusted odds of being admitted to the ICU with sepsis were significantly higher among individuals living alone (OR 1.72, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.33–2.24, P < 0.001) compared to individuals living with a cohabitant. Individuals outside the labor force had an adjusted OR of 3.50 (CI 2.36–5.18, P < 0.001) compared to individuals in the labor force. Individuals with a medium level of education had an increased risk of admission to the ICU with sepsis compared to a high level of education (adjusted OR 1.43, CI 1.02–2.00, P = 0.04). There was no significant association between income and risk of ICU admission with sepsis after adjustment.ConclusionIndividuals living alone, being outside the labor force, or having a medium level of education had significantly higher risk of ICU admission with sepsis.
Profiling of m6A RNA modifications identified an age‐associated regulation of AGO2 mRNA stability
Authors: Min Kyung‐Won , Zealy Richard W. , Davila Sylvia , Fomin Mikhail , Cummings James C. , Makowsky Daniel , Mcdowell Catherine H. , Thigpen Haley , Hafner Markus , Kwon Sang‐Ho , Georgescu Constantin , Wren Jonathan D. , Yoon Je‐Hyun 
Published: March 2018

SummaryGene expression is dynamically regulated in a variety of mammalian physiologies. During mammalian aging, there are changes that occur in protein expression that are highly controlled by the regulatory steps in transcription, post‐transcription, and post‐translation. Although there are global profiles of human transcripts during the aging processes available, the mechanism(s) by which transcripts are differentially expressed between young and old cohorts remains unclear. Here, we report on N6‐methyladenosine (m6A) RNA modification profiles of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from young and old cohorts. An m6A RNA profile identified a decrease in overall RNA methylation during the aging process as well as the predominant modification on proteincoding mRNAs. The m6A‐modified transcripts tend to be more highly expressed than nonmodified ones. Among the many methylated mRNAs, those of DROSHA and AGO2 were heavily methylated in young PBMCs which coincided with a decreased steady‐state level of AGO2 mRNA in the old PBMC cohort. Similarly, downregulation of AGO2 in proliferating human diploid fibroblasts (HDFs) also correlated with a decrease in AGO2 mRNA modifications and steady‐state levels. In addition, the overexpression of RNA methyltransferases stabilized AGO2 mRNA but not DROSHA and DICER1 mRNA in HDFs. Moreover, the abundance of miRNAs also changed in the young and old PBMCs which are possibly due to a correlation with AGO2 expression as observed in AGO2‐depleted HDFs. Taken together, we uncovered the role of mRNA methylation on the abundance of AGO2 mRNA resulting in the repression of miRNA expression during the process of human aging.
Algorithm Analysis of the DSM‐5 Alcohol Withdrawal Symptom
Authors: Martin Christopher S. , Vergés Alvaro , Langenbucher James W. , Littlefield Andrew , Chung Tammy , Clark Duncan B. , Sher Kenneth J. 
Published: March 2018

BackgroundAlcohol withdrawal (AW) is an important clinical and diagnostic feature of alcohol dependence. AW has been found to predict a worsened course of illness in clinical samples, but in some community studies, AW endorsement rates are strikingly high, suggesting false‐positive symptom assignments. Little research has examined the validity of the DSM‐5 algorithm for AW, which requires either the presence of at least 2 of 8 subcriteria (i.e., autonomic hyperactivity, tremulousness, insomnia, nausea, hallucinations, psychomotor agitation, anxiety, and grand mal seizures), or, the use of alcohol to avoid or relieve these symptoms.MethodsWe used item and algorithm analyses of data from waves 1 and 2 of the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (current drinkers, n = 26,946 at wave 1) to study the validity of DSM‐5 AW as operationalized by the Alcohol Use Disorder and Associated Disabilities Interview Schedule‐DSM‐IV (AUDADIS‐IV).ResultsA substantial proportion of individuals given the AW symptom reported only modest to moderate levels of alcohol use and alcohol problems. Alternative AW algorithms were superior to DSM‐5 in terms of levels of alcohol use and alcohol problem severity among those with AW, group difference effect sizes, and predictive validity at a 3‐year follow‐up. The superior alternative algorithms included those that excluded the nausea subcriterion; required withdrawal‐related distress or impairment; increased the AW subcriteria threshold from 2 to 3 items; and required tremulousness for AW symptom assignment.ConclusionsThe results indicate that the DSM‐5 definition of AW, as assessed by the AUDADIS‐IV, has low specificity. This shortcoming can be addressed by making the algorithm for symptom assignment more stringent.