bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Formation and Constitution of Effectual Networks: A Systematic Review and Synthesis
Authors: Kerr Jon , Coviello Nicole 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe co‐creational processes of effectuation represent an important development in understanding of entrepreneurial action. They also manifest in networks that are themselves important artefactual outcomes of effectual processes. To synthesize research connecting effectuation to the networks involved, this paper offers a systematic literature review. Following recent theorizing, the authors organize the literature around two general themes: (1) why and how network development occurs; and (2) what network develops. The resultant thematic model offers a comprehensive perspective on network development under effectuation logic. The analysis identifies that understanding of effectual networking and effectual networks is fragmented, incomplete and constrained by a lack of construct and contextual clarity. The authors present alternative perspectives on constructs and assumptions surrounding networks in effectuation, integrate network theory into effectuation, and generate important trajectories for future research.
Rare‐earth‐free Li5La3Ta2O12:Mn4+ deep‐red‐emitting phosphor: Synthesis and photoluminescence properties
Authors: Cao Renping , Lv Xinyan , Ran Yaqin , Xu Longxiang , Chen Ting , Guo Siling , Ao Hui , Yu Xiaoguang 
Published: March 2019

AbstractLi5La3Ta2O12:Mn4+ (LLTO:Mn4+) phosphors are prepared in air via high‐temperature solid‐state method and investigated for their crystal structures and luminescence properties. LLTO:Mn4+ phosphor under excitation at 314 nm shows deep‐red emission peaking at 714 nm due to the 2E→4A2 transition of Mn4+ ion. The excitation bands in the range 220 ‐ 570 nm are attributed to the Mn4+ ‐ O2‐ charge‐transfer band and the 4A2g→4T1g, 2T2g, and 4T2g transitions of Mn4+, respectively. The optimal Mn4+ ion concentration is ~0.4 mol%. The concentration quenching mechanism in LLTO:Mn4+ phosphor is electric dipole‐dipole interaction. The luminous mechanism and temperature quenching phenomenon are explained by the Tanabe‐Sugano energy level diagram and the configurational coordinate diagram of Mn4+ in the octahedron, respectively. The experimental results indicate that LLTO:Mn4+ phosphor has a potential application prospect as candidate of deep‐red component in light‐emitting diode (LED) lighting.
In search of disorders: internalizing symptom networks in a large clinical sample
Authors: McElroy Eoin , Patalay Praveetha 
Published: March 2019

BackgroundThe co‐occurrence of internalizing disorders is a common form of psychiatric comorbidity, raising questions about the boundaries between these diagnostic categories. We employ network psychometrics in order to: (a) determine whether internalizing symptoms cluster in a manner reflecting DSM diagnostic criteria, (b) gauge how distinct these diagnostic clusters are and (c) examine whether this network structure changes from childhood to early and then late adolescence.MethodSymptom‐level data were obtained for service users in publicly funded mental health services in England between 2011 and 2015 (N = 37,162). A symptom network (i.e. Gaussian graphical model) was estimated, and a community detection algorithm was used to explore the clustering of symptoms.ResultsThe estimated network was densely connected and characterized by a multitude of weak associations between symptoms. Six communities of symptoms were identified; however, they were weakly demarcated. Two of these communities corresponded to social phobia and panic disorder, and four did not clearly correspond with DSM diagnostic categories. The network structure was largely consistent by sex and across three age groups (8–11, 12–14 and 15–18 years). Symptom connectivity in the two older age groups was significantly greater compared to the youngest group and there were differences in centrality across the age groups, highlighting the age‐specific relevance of certain symptoms.ConclusionsThese findings clearly demonstrate the interconnected nature of internalizing symptoms, challenging the view that such pathology takes the form of distinct disorders.
Alteration of gut microbiota by a Westernized lifestyle and its correlation with insulin resistance in non‐diabetic Japanese men
Authors: Yamashita Mami , Okubo Hirofumi , Kobuke Kazuhiro , Ohno Haruya , Oki Kenji , Yoneda Masayasu , Tanaka Junko , Hattori Noboru 
Published: March 2019

AbstractAims/IntroductionThe severity of insulin resistance is higher in Japanese‐American people with American lifestyles than in native Japanese people with Japanese lifestyles. Recently, the role of gut microbiota in the control of host metabolic homeostasis and organ physiology has been recognized. In addition, gut microbiota alterations have been suggested to contribute to pathogenesis of insulin resistance. The principle aim of the present study was to evaluate the impact of a Westernized lifestyle on the gut microbiota of Japanese‐Americans versus native Japanese, and its correlation with insulin resistance.Materials and MethodsA total of 14 native Japanese men living in Hiroshima, Japan, and 14 Japanese‐American men living in Los Angeles, USA, were included. A 75‐g oral glucose tolerance test was carried out for all participants to assess their glucose tolerance, and normal glucose tolerance was observed. We compared the insulin response with oral glucose load, the Matsuda Index, and the composition of the gut microbiota between the native Japanese and Japanese‐American men.ResultsJapanese‐American men showed higher area under the curve values for serum insulin concentrations during the oral glucose tolerance test and lower Matsuda Index than native Japanese men. Gut microbiota composition of the Japanese‐American men was different; in particular, they showed a relatively lower abundance of Odoribacter than native Japanese men. The ratio between relative abundance of Odoribacter and Matsuda Index was positively correlated between the two groups.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that Westernized lifestyles alter gut microbiota, and its alteration might induce insulin resistance in non‐diabetic Japanese men.
Review of Programs to Combat Elder Mistreatment: Focus on Hospitals and Level of Resources Needed
Authors: Rosen Tony , Elman Alyssa , Dion Sarah , Delgado Diana , Demetres Michelle , Breckman Risa , Lees Kristin , Dash Kim , Lang Debi , Bonner Alice , Burnett Jason , Dyer Carmel B. , Snyder Rani , Berman Amy , Fulmer Terry , Lachs Mark S. ,   the National Collaboratory to Address Elder Mistreatment Project Team
Published: March 2019

BackgroundElder mistreatment is common and has serious social and medical consequences for victims. Though programs to combat this mistreatment have been developed and implemented for more than three decades, previous systematic literature reviews have found few successful ones.ObjectiveTo conduct a more comprehensive examination of programs to improve elder mistreatment identification, intervention, or prevention, including those that had not undergone evaluation.DesignSystematic review.SettingOvid MEDLINE, Ovid EMBASE, Cochrane Library, PsycINFO Elton B. Stephens Co. (EBSCO), AgeLine, CINAHL.MeasurementsWe abstracted key information about each program and categorized programs into 14 types and 9 subtypes. For programs that reported an impact evaluation, we systematically assessed the study quality. We also systematically examined the potential for programs to be successfully implemented in environments with limited resources available.ResultsWe found 116 articles describing 115 elder mistreatment programs. Of these articles, 43% focused on improving prevention, 50% focused on identification, and 95% focused on intervention, with 66% having multiple foci. The most common types of program were: educational (53%), multidisciplinary team (MDT) (21%), psychoeducation/therapy/counseling (15%), and legal services/support (8%). Of the programs, 13% integrated an acute‐care hospital, 43% had high potential to work in low‐resource environments, and 57% reported an attempt to evaluate program impact, but only 2% used a high‐quality study design.ConclusionMany programs to combat elder mistreatment have been developed and implemented, with the majority focusing on education and MDT development. Though more than half reported evaluation of program impact, few used high‐quality study design. Many have the potential to work in low‐resource environments. Acute‐care hospitals were infrequently integrated into programs.
Understanding Caregiver Quality of Life in Caregivers of Hospitalized Older Adults With Cancer
Authors: Hsu Tina , Nathwani Nitya , Loscalzo Matthew , Chung Vincent , Chao Joseph , Karanes Chatchada , Koczywas Marianna , Forman Stephen , Lim Dean , Siddiqi Tanya , Stein Anthony , Twardowski Przemyslaw , Nademanee Auayporn , Pal Sumanta , Siccion Eduardo , Hein Marjorie , Akiba Chie , Goldstein Leanne , Smith David , Ma Huiyan , Feng Tao , Hurria Arti 
Published: March 2019

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVESCaregivers of older adults with cancer assist both with cancer care and other health issues, which may make them vulnerable to consequences of caregiving. Hospitalization may represent a time when a caregiver's ability to provide care at home is exceeded. We sought to characterize caregivers of hospitalized older adults with cancer, determine their quality of life (QOL), and identify factors associated with caregiver QOL.METHODSPatients (n = 100), aged 65 years and older, with an unplanned hospitalization and their caregivers were included. Caregivers completed a questionnaire about their health, social support, caregiving relationship, QOL (Caregiver Quality of Life Index‐Cancer [CQOLC] tool), and patient function. Patient medical history was obtained via chart review. The association between patient, caregiving, and caregiver factors and CQOLC was determined using multivariate linear regression.RESULTSMost patients (73%) had metastatic/advanced disease, and 71% received treatment for their cancer within 30 days of hospitalization. Median Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS) was 60%, and 89% required help with instrumental activities of daily living, as reported by caregivers. Median caregiver age was 65 years (range = 29‐84 years). The majority (60%) had no major comorbidities and rated their health as excellent/good (79%), though 22% reported worsening health due to caregiving. Caregivers had a median Mental Health Inventory‐18 score of 70 (range = 0–97), a median Medical Outcomes Study (MOS)‐social activity score of 56 (range = 0–87.5), and a median MOS‐Social Support Survey score of 68 (range = 0–100). Caregivers provided a median of 35 hours of care per week (range = 0‐168 hours of care per week). Mean CQOLC was 84.6 ± 23.5. Lower caregiver QOL was associated with poorer caregiver mental health, less social support, and poorer patient KPS (P < .05).CONCLUSIONCaregivers of hospitalized older adults with cancer are older but generally in good health. Those with poorer mental health, less social support, and caring for patients with poorer performance status are more likely to experience lower QOL. J Am Geriatr Soc 67:978–986, 2019.
Differential effect on myelination through abolition of activity‐dependent synaptic vesicle release or reduction of overall electrical activity of selected cortical projections in the mouse
Authors: Korrell Kim V. , Disser Jolande , Parley Kristina , Vadisiute Auguste , Requena‐Komuro Maï‐Carmen , Fodder Harriet , Pollart Charlotte , Knott Graham , Molnár Zoltán , Hoerder‐Suabedissen Anna 
Published: March 2019

AbstractMyelination of axons by oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system is crucial for fast, saltatory conduction of action potentials. As myelination is central for brain development and plasticity, and deficits are implicated in several neural disorders such as multiple sclerosis, major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder and schizophrenia, it is important to elucidate the underlying mechanisms regulating myelination. Numerous mechanisms have been proposed by which the communication between oligodendrocytes and active axons may regulate the onset and maintenance of activity‐dependent myelination. We compared two models of ‘silencing' layer V and/or VI cortical projection neurons from early stages by either decreasing their excitability through Kir2.1 expression, an inward rectifying potassium channel, introduced through in utero electroporation at embryonic day (E)13.5, or inhibiting regulated vesicular release through Cre‐dependent knock‐out of synaptosomal associated protein 25 kDA (SNAP25). SNAP25 is a component of the soluble N‐ethylmaleimide fusion protein attachment protein receptor (SNARE) complex, which, among others, is needed for calcium‐dependent regulated vesicle release from synapses. In layer VI cortical projection neurons in the Ntsr1‐Cre;Ai14;Snap25 fl/fl mouse, we found that inhibiting regulated vesicular release significantly decreased the amount of myelin basic protein (MBP, used as marker for myelination) and the amount of myelinated projections at postnatal day (P)14 without affecting the initial timing of onset of myelination in the brain (at P7/P8). Additionally, overall oligodendrocyte maturation appears to be affected. A strong trend towards reduced node of Ranvier (NoR) length was also observed in Ntsr1‐Cre;Ai14;Snap25 fl/fl corpus callosum. An equally strong trend towards reduced NoR length was observed in Rbp4‐Cre;Ai14;Snap25 fl/fl corpus callosum at P14, and the g‐ratio in the spinal cord dorsal column was reduced at P18. However, no measurable differences in levels of MBP were detected in the striatum when comparing Rbp4‐Cre;Ai14;Snap25 fl/fl and control brains. Conversely, Kir2.1 in utero electroporation at E13.5 did not significantly affect the amount of MBP or number of myelinated callosal axons at P14 but did significantly decrease the NoR length measured in the corpus callosum. It therefore seems likely that the excitability of the neuron can potentially perform a modulating function of myelin characteristics, whereas regulated vesicular release has the potential to have a more pronounced effect on overall myelination, but in a cell‐type specific manner.
Osteohistological correlates of muscular attachment in terrestrial and freshwater Testudines
Authors: Pereyra María Eugenia , Bona Paula , Cerda Ignacio Alejandro , Desántolo Bárbara 
Published: March 2019

AbstractSharpey's fibers are considered the anatomical structures integrated to the muscles. Since these fibers leave marks at the microscopic level, their presence and distribution are used as evidence of muscle attachment in extinct and extant forms. In recent years, studies have been focusing on muscle–bone and tendon–bone interaction mostly on mammals. The main objective of this work is to contribute to the morphological and histological knowledge of muscle attachment in other amniotes, such as reptiles, and their variation related to different locomotor habits. In this way, a study was performed on terrestrial and aquatic turtles. The musculature related to the movement of the humerus, and pectoral girdle in Chelonoidis chilensis, Phrynops hilarii and Hydromedusa tectifera was analyzed. Dissections were performed mapping the origins and insertions of each muscle and undecalcified thin sections were performed in specific muscular attachment sites. We found some differences which were not previously reported, related to the insertion of the m. pectoralis, the m. coracobrachialis magnus and the origin of the m. tractor radii. The osteohistology revealed the presence of Sharpey's fibers in the cortex of all the bone elements analyzed. Patterns were established in relation to the orientation and density of Sharpey's fibers, which were used for the categorization of each muscle attachment site. The comparative micro‐anatomical study of these areas did not reveal any important differences between terrestrial and freshwater turtles in muscles involved with the rotation, abduction and adduction of the humerus. In this way, the preliminary results suggest an absence of correlation between the distribution and density of Sharpey's fibers between different habitat forms, at least in the bones and species analyzed.
The Addition of Atrial Fibrillation to the Los Angeles Motor Scale May Improve Prediction of Large Vessel Occlusion
Authors: Narwal Priya , Chang Andrew D. , Grory Brian Mac , Jayaraman Mahesh , Madsen Tracy , Paolucci Gino , Cutting Shawna , Burton Tina , Dakay Katarina , Schomer Ashley , Rostanski Sara , Noorian Ali Reza , Nour May , Liebeskind David S. , Saver Jeffrey , Furie Karen , Yaghi Shadi 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACTBACKGROUND AND PURPOSEThere is evidence suggesting that Los Angeles Motor Scale (LAMS) ≥ 4 predicts large vessel occlusion (LVO). We aim to determine whether atrial fibrillation (AF) can improve the ability of LAMS in predicting LVO.METHODSWe included consecutive patients with a discharge diagnosis of ischemic stroke admitted within 24 hours from last known normal time who underwent emergent vascular imaging using a computerized tomography angiography (CTA) of the head and neck. LVO was defined as intracranial internal carotid artery, proximal middle cerebral artery (M1 or proximal M2 segment), or basilar occlusion. LAMS was determined in the emergency department upon arrival. Univariate and multivariable models were performed to identify predictors of LVO and to determine whether AF improves the ability of LAMS to predict LVO.RESULTSAmong 1,234 patients admitted with ischemic stroke, 862 underwent emergent vascular imaging (69.8%) out of which 374 (43.4%) had evidence of LVO and 207 (24%) underwent mechanical thrombectomy. In multivariable models, predictors of LVO were LAMS (OR 1.42 per one point increase 95% CI 1.29‐1.57) and AF (OR 1.95 95% CI 1.26‐3.02, P < .001). We developed the LAMS‐AF that includes the LAMS score and adds two points if AF is present. In this analysis, LAMS‐AF (AUC .78) had improved prediction over LAMS (AUC .76) in predicting LVO and lead to reclassification of 8/68 patients (11.8%) with LAMS = 3 group into the high‐risk LVO group.CONCLUSIONIn patients with LAMS = 3, using the LAMS‐AF score may improve the ability of LAMS in predicting LVO. Larger studies are needed to confirm our findings.
The antagonistic effect of UV radiation on warming or nitrate enrichment depends on ecotypes of freshwater macroalgae (Charophytes)
Authors: Rojo Carmen , Puche Eric , Rodrigo María A. 
Published: March 2019

Increases in ultraviolet radiation (UVR), a negative global change factor, affect aquatic primary producers. This effect is expected to be modulated by other global change factors, and to be different for populations adapted to different environments. A common garden experimental approach using freshwater green macroalgae, the cosmopolitan charophyte species Chara hispida and C. vulgaris, allowed us to test whether the beneficial increases in water temperature (T) and nitrate concentration (N) mitigate negative UVR effects. Also, whether these interactions would be not only species–specific but also according to the origin of the population; therefore, two populations of each species were used: one from a coastal wetland and the other from a mountain lake. Two factorial‐design experiments were performed: (i) the presence and absence of UVR × lower and higher T × four populations, and (ii) the presence and absence of UVR × lower and higher N × four populations. Response variables were: growth, morphometry, UVR‐protective compounds, photosynthetic pigments, and stoichiometric composition. There were consistent response patterns in the key variables that represent different organization levels. Our main results showed that both warming and, to a lesser extent, the increase in nutrients ameliorated the negative effects of UVR on the molecular processes involved in acclimation to UVR, and that such a mitigating effect depended on the different phenotypic plasticity of each species and each ecotype. The coastal populations, being from a more variable environment, were more resilient than the mountain populations, mainly because of changes in growth and morphology.
School libraries fostering children's literacy and literature learning: mitigating the barriers
Authors: Merga Margaret K. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractWhile qualified school librarians can have a positive influence on children's literacy attainment, very little consideration is given to the educative role of librarians in schools. Lack of attention on these librarians' educative capacity may be due to a devaluing of the educational contribution of school librarians, and it can be argued that school libraries are poorly valued in current times, as evidenced in cuts to budgets and staffing. While school librarians may foster literacy and literature learning through a range of strategies, and for diverse purposes, perhaps their most expected contribution relates to the fostering of literacy and literature learning through wide reading and reading engagement in students. However, little is known about the specific barriers that librarians in schools may encounter in achieving these goals in the current school environment. Research from teacher librarians at 30 Australian schools is drawn upon to explore barriers to children's literacy and literature learning in school libraries. Recurring barriers were limited time and competing demands, crowded curriculum, low teacher valuing, low student engagement, skills and motivation, issues with parental support, limited space and constrained budget. These findings provide a valuable foundation for future inquiry in this under‐researched space.
The perceptions and experiences of women with a body mass index ≥ 30 kg m2 who breastfeed: A meta‐synthesis
Authors: Lyons Stephanie , Currie Sinead , Peters Sarah , Lavender Tina , Smith Debbie M. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBreastfeeding has copious health benefits for both mother and child, but rates of initiation and maintenance among women with a body mass index (BMI) ≥ 30 kg m2 are low. Few interventions aiming to increase these rates have been successful, suggesting that breastfeeding behaviour in this group is not fully understood. Therefore, this review aimed to systematically identify and synthesise the qualitative literature that explored the perceptions and experiences of women with a BMI ≥ 30 kg m2 who breastfed. The search identified five eligible papers, and a meta‐ethnographic approach was taken to synthesise the findings. One theme was identified: “weight amplifies breastfeeding difficulties,” revealing that women with a BMI ≥ 30 kg m2 experience common breastfeeding difficulties to a greater degree. In particular, women with a BMI ≥ 30 kg m2 struggle with the impact of medical intervention, doubt their ability to breastfeed, and need additional support. These findings can inform understanding of breastfeeding models, future research directions, intervention development, and antenatal and post‐natal care for women with a BMI ≥ 30 kg m2.