bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
«Я в детстве заболел…» Арсения Тарковского: интеграция поэтического текста в кинематографический
Authors: Берендеева Мария Сергеевна 
Published: March 2018

<p>Статья посвящена исследованию механизма трансформации поэтического текста при его включении в кинематографический на примере одной поэтической цитаты в кинотексте советского кинорежиссера Андрея Тарковского. Цель работы — рассмотреть особенности интеграции стихотворения Арсения Тарковского «Я в детстве заболел…» в кинотекст художественного фильма А. А. Тарковского «Ностальгия».</p><p>В статье рассмотрены основные виды трансформации исходного текста при его цитировании, определены факторы, влияющие на изменение первоначального смысла (место цитаты в структуре кинотекста, механические изменения текста, предтекстовая фоновая информация, способ включения цитаты в кинотекст, визуальное и звуковое сопровождение цитаты). Сцена из фильма «Ностальгия», включающая рассматриваемую цитату, проанализирована в статье с позиции указанных факторов трансформации текста, выявлены следующие параметры цитаты: эпизод с чтением стихотворения «Я в детстве заболел…» в «Ностальгии» является одним из наиболее идейно значимых в фильме, раскрывает образ поэта и вводит различные элементы концепта ОТЕЦ (биографические и культурологические); исходный текст значительно сокращен, присутствуют также отдельные изменения слов; на восприятие стихотворной цитаты оказывает влияние личность поэта (отца режиссера) и актера, исполняющего главную роль; цитата встраивается в текст по звуковому каналу путем небрежного, но мотивированного сюжетом чтения; визуальные образы сопровождения (дерево, вода, храм, огонь, книга) создают дополнительный смысловой уровень эпизода. </p>По итогам проведенного исследования можно сделать следующие выводы: переживания лирического героя стихотворения проецируются на героя фильма, соединяющего в себе образы и режиссера, и поэта, воплощающего одновременно архетипы и отца, и сына; сюжет стихотворения в фильме связан с пересечением границы между реальным и сверхреальным измерениями бытия и с предчувствием грядущей жертвенной смерти; а сам эпизод фильма актуализирует сакральные символы, типичные для творчества Андрея Тарковского. Таким образом, стихотворение Арсения Тарковского приобретает в фильме его сына совершенно новое прочтение.<em> </em>
Интертекстуальность как инструмент моделирования метатекста в творчестве В. Набокова
Authors: Стрельникова Лариса Юрьевна 
Published: March 2018

<p>Предметом исследования в статье является интертекстуальность как художественный прием игровой поэтики русского и американского писателя В. Набокова (1899–1977). Определены эстетические особенности интертекстуальности в творчестве писателя, принципы ее художественного воплощения. Анализируются произведения: «Машенька» (1926), «Король, дама, валет» (1928), «Отчаяние» (1930), «Подвиг» (1932), «Дар» (1937).</p><p>Интертекстуальность выводит произведение литературы из сферы классического искусства в направлении постмодернистской эстетики и позволяет автору пародийно играть разными культурными кодами, отойти от миметической системы в сферу иррационального искусства. В постмодернизме интертекстуальность становится способом деконструкции произведения, моделирования текста по принципу ризомного разветвления. У такого текста отсутствует единый смысловой источник (корень), поэтому читатель, чтобы получить удовольствие от прочитанного, должен находить интертекстуальные источники. Вовлеченный в интертекстуальную игру художественный текст лишается серьезности, присущей серьезному искусству, и превращается в артефакт, делается театрализованно-зрелищным и комическим.</p><p>Интертекстуальность не только реконструирует произведение, но и переводит его в статус пародии — мениппеи с целью унижения и искажения классического канона. Поэтому нельзя говорить, что Набоков использует цитацию для диалога с русской литературой. Прием интертекстуальности позволяет Набокову создавать тексты-мозаики, в которых парадоксальным образом сосуществуют художественные коды разных произведений, что позволяет ему расширить коммуникативную связь между писателем и читателем, выводя текст из сферы элитарного искусства в направлении игровой избыточности как способ борьбы с приемами реализма.</p>
To the question of electrophysiological remodeling role in the genesis of ventricular ectopy in patients with postinfarction cardiosclerosis
Authors: Mazur E S , Mazur V V , Jaber H A , Orlov Yu A 
Published: March 2018

Aim. To study the character and intensity of relationship between left ventricular dilatation, severity of electrophysiological myocardium remodeling and ectopic ventricular activity in patients with postinfarction cardiosclerosis.
Methods. 46 patients with postinfarction cardiosclerosis were examined (males, average age 57.9 years). All patients underwent echocardiography with detection of end diastolic volume of left ventricle and its ejection fraction, Holter monitoring with determining signal-averaged electrocardiogram and severity of ventricular ectopic activity with calculation of ventricular ectopic activity index. Based on the ejection fraction the patients were divided into two groups. Group 1 included 17 patients with ejection fraction ≥45%, and group 2 - 29 patients with ejection fraction <45%.
Results. Left ventricle ejection fraction in patients from group 2 was lower, and parameters of signal-averaged electrocardiogram were worse than in patients from group 1. Ventricular ectopic activity index in patients from group 2 was 5 times higher than the average index in group 1. According to correlation analysis in the combined group, signal-averaged electrocardiogram parameters more tightly correlated with end diastolic volume than with ventricular ectopic activity index. The latter more tightly correlated with end diastolic volume (r=0.67, p <0.001), than with signal-averaged electrocardiogram parameters. After calculating partial correlation coefficient and excluding the effect of end diastolic volume, correlation coefficients of ventricular ectopic activity index and signal-averaged electrocardiogram parameters became insignificant. The received data put in question the view that electrophysiological remodeling is an independent cause of severity increase of ventricular arrhythmias. More probable is that electrophysiological remodeling and ventricular ectopic activity are related pathogenetically, and correlation between them is determined by the fact that both depend on left ventricle end diastolic volume.
Conclusion. Relation between electrophysiological myocardium remodeling and ectopic ventricular activity in patients with postinfarction cardiosclerosis may depend on severity of left ventricular dilatation.
Study of effectiveness of antiviral drugs (umifenovir, triazavirin) against acute respiratory viral infections
Authors: Tikhonova E P , Kuz'mina T Yu , Andronova N V , Tyushevskaya O A , Elistratova T A , Kuz'min A E 
Published: March 2018

Aim. Comparative study of clinical efficacy and safety of antiviral drug triazavirin and umifenovir in the treatment of patients with acute respiratory viral infections and influenza.
Methods. The study included 100 patients aged 18 to 65 years diagnosed with moderate acute respiratory viral infection. Group 1 included 34 patients receiving umifenovir 200 mg 4 times a day for 5 days, and comparison group included 32 patients who received triazavirin 1 capsule (250 mg) 3 times a day for 5 days. Group 3 (control group) included 34 patients not treated with antiviral therapy. Efficacy and safety of the studied antiviral drugs were evaluated based on clinical symptoms in the disease course and were confirmed by adaptive reactions of the organism.
Results. Among patients receiving triazavirin, recovery time and fever, headache and catarrhal syndrome resolution time were less than among patients who received umifenovir. On triazavirin treatment with favorable tolerability, symptomatic medications (antipyretics) were discontinued, and the duration of their use was less, than in patients receiving umifenovir. Evaluation of clinical efficacy of umifenovir and triazavirin for the treatment of acute respiratory viral infections and influenza demonstrated that the drugs effectively reverse the main symptoms of the disease (p <0.05), reduce complications incidence (18.1±2.1% vs. 55.9±3.2%, p <0.05) and contribute to the stabilization of adaptive reactions of the organism in contrast to the results of patients not receiving etiotropic therapy (6.9±2.9% vs. 12.8±2.7, p <0.05). During the use of umifenovir by day 4 and during the use of triazavirin by day 3 intoxication and catarrhal syndromes had been reversed, while in case of the absence of antiviral therapy, 55.8% of patients had continuing intoxication and catarrhal symptoms.
Conclusion. The results of the study allow defining umifenovir and triazavirin as the first line of defense against acute respiratory viral infections with good efficacy and tolerability of the drugs.
Early and long-term results of surgical treatment of Hirschsprung's disease in children
Authors: Polukhov R S 
Published: March 2018

Aim. To assess the safety, functional activity and quality of life of patients with Hirschsprung's disease operated by different methods.
Methods. The study included 86 children operated on for Hirschsprung's disease. Patients were divided into four groups: group 1 - 44 (51.2%) patients underwent Duhamel-Martin procedure; group 2 - 14 (16.3%) patients underwent Soave-Boley procedure; group 3 - 22 (25.6%) patients underwent transanal endorectal resection; and group 4 - 16 (18.6%) patients underwent laparoscopical Soave-Georgeson procedure. The results were comparatively evaluated immediately and one year after the surgery. To assess the quality of life after surgery, a visual questionnaire Peds QLtm 4.0 was used.
Results. Minimal duration of the surgery and related anesthesia was registered in groups 3 and 4, the difference with groups 2 and 3 being statistically significant (p <0.05). Duration of postoperative pain management in group 1 was 3.2±0.7 days, in group 2 - 3.3±0.7 days, while in groups 3 and 4 - 2.5±0.5 days (р ˂0.05). Minimal hospital stay after the surgery was registered in group 4 (9±2 days), which is less than in group 1 by 1.7 times, in group 2 - by 1,5 times (р ˂0.05). The second shortest hospital stay was observed in patients from group 3 (10±2 days): it was 1.4 and 1.3 times shorter tahn in groups 1 and 2, respectively (р ˂0.05). At the assessment of one-year functional results satisfactory results were obtained in group 1 in 20 (45.46%) patients, in group 2 - in 7 (50%), in group 3 - in 12 (54.55%), in group 4 - in 12 (75%) patients. Unfavorable results were observed in group 1 in 6 (13.64%) patients, in group 2 - in 2 (14.29%), in group 3 - in 2 (9.09%), in group 4 - in 0 (0%). The best quality of life according to all parameters was observed among patients from groups 3 and 4 (р ˂0.05).
Conclusion. The quality of life of patients with Hirschsprung's disease after transanal endorectal resection and laparoscopic Soave-Georgeson procedure was higher than after Duhamel-Martin and Soave-Boley procedures; Soave-Boley procedure is preferable due to good regulation of the defecation act by patients.
Biochemical changes in rat muscle tissue with prolonged use of simvastatin
Authors: Vinogradova E V 
Published: March 2018

Aim. Analysis of biochemical changes in rat muscle tissue after prolonged use of simvastatin.
Methods. The study was conducted on mongrel male rats. Three groups were identified: control group (intact animals), comparison group (animals with induced hypercholesterolemia not reeciving the drugs), and experimental group (animals with induced hypercholesterolemia receiving simvastatin 0.0012 g/100 g of weight once a day for 2 months as an aqueous suspension through the esophageal probe). Metabolite concentration of glycolysis (pyruvic acid and lactate), activity of antioxidant protection enzymes (reduced glutathione, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase), titin isoforms and proteolytic fragments of titin and nebulin concentration were determined in the muscles of animals.
Results. After administration of simvastatin to animals with induced hypercholesterolemia, a decrease in the concentration of glycolysis metabolites (pyruvic acid and lactate) compared to comparison group was revealed, as well as multidirectional changes in the activity of antioxidant protection enzymes (decrease in activity of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione reductase, decreased concentration of reduced glutathione, but catalase activity remained unchanged). The analysis of structural changes in animal muscle tissue after administration of simvastatin revealed a decrease in the concentration of NT- and N2A-titin isoforms and practically complete absence of nebulin compared to the animals from the comparison group. At the same time an increase in the concentration of proteolytic fragments of titin (T2) by 1.3 times was recorded.
Conclusion. The study showed that the basis of myotoxicity of statins in their long-term use is disintegration of enzyme antioxidant processes, as well as tissue hypoxia, leading to destruction of muscle fibers and prevalence of proteolytic processes.
Effect of pivaloyl-substituted pyrrole containing heterocyclic compounds on DNA repair pathways in Ewing sarcoma cells
Authors: Galembikova A R , Boychuk S V , Dunaev P D , Khusnutdinov R R , Zykova S S 
Published: March 2018

Aim. To examine deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) damage repair and cell cycle regulatory mechanisms of Ewing sarcoma cells exposed to pivaloyl-substituted pyrrole containing heterocyclic compounds.
Methods. The study was performed on A673 Ewing sarcoma cell line. The tumor cells were incubated for 48 h in the presence of pivaloyl-substituted pyrrole containing heterocyclic compounds (compounds №20 and №24). Western blot analysis was utilized to examine expression of the markers of DNA single-strand (phosphorylated forms of ATR and Chk1) and double-strand breaks (phosphorylated forms of H2AX, АТМ, DNA-PK, BRCA-1, Chk-2). Analysis of the cell cycle phases was performed by flow cytometry (BD FacsCanto, USA).
Results. Pivaloyl-substituted pyrrole containing heterocyclic compounds substantially increased the expression of histone 2A phosphorylated on serine 138 (γ-H2AX) that indicates DNA damage (double-strand breaks). Under exposure to pivaloyl-substituted pyrrole containing heterocyclic compounds the studied cells increased expression of phosphorylated forms of ATM-kinase and BRCA-1. Also cell cycle disorders leading to substantial G2/M arrest and enhanced apoptosis of tumor cells were observed.
Conclusion. Pivaloyl-substituted pyrrole containing heterocyclic compounds induced DNA double-strand breaks in A673 Ewing sarcoma cell line; in response to DNA damage in tumor cells, the mechanisms of DNA double-strand breaks repair were activated; despite activation of DNA repair mechanisms, A673 cells underwent cell cycle arrest in the G2/M-phase and apoptosis.
Epidemiologic aspects of breast cancer incidence in Baku
Authors: Vatankha S S 
Published: March 2018

Aim. Study of incidence and mortality from breast cancer in different administrative territorial districts of Baku in 2016.
Methods. Statistical report forms №7 were used (reports on malignant neoplasms of the Ministry of Healthcare of Azerbaijan Republic) as well as the database of cancer registry of the National center of oncology of Baku in 2016. Primary incidence index (per 100 000), standardized incidence ratio (per 100 000), prevalence rate (per 100 000), extensive index (% compared to other types of oncologic pathology revealed in Baku in 2016), lethal index (%), crude mortality rate (per 1000), aggressiveness index were calculated.
Results. In the structure of malignant neoplasms in Baku among females, breast cancer takes the first place (extensive index 31.6%). 7.4-fold variation of breast cancer morbidity in different administrative districts was observed (p <0.05) - from 142.4 per 100 000 in Yasamal raion of Baku to 19.1 per 100 000 in Qaradag raion (p <0.05). Variation of prevalence rate was less prominent (3.1 times, p <0.05): from 655.8 per 100 000 in Sabail raion to 209.4 per 100 000 in Binagadin raion. Crude mortality rate was similar in all districts and varied from 0.1 to 0.5 per 1000. More than 30-fold variation of lethal index was observed with the average index in Baku of 17.3%. The more distantly from the center of the city the district is located, the higher the lethal index was (p <0.05). One of the main parameters determining neoplasm prognosis was extension of tumor at the moment of its diagnosis. Among primary patients, those with clinical stages I-II prevailed (59.3%), the proportion of patients with stage III was 22.0%, stage IV - 18.7%. Agressiveness index varied from 0.1 (in Pirallahi raion) to 0.5 (in Binagadin and Sabail raions), the total city index was 0.4. With the growing age, increasing standardized incidence ratio was observed, and its peak value was in the age group 50-59 years (14.5 per 100 000). Generally, in Baku breast cancer incidence among females regardless of their age was 47.7 per 100 000, and it was significantly higher in Baku than generally in the republic (35.0 per 100 000, p <0.001).
Conclusion. The first place in the structure of oncology diseases among female citizens of Baku is taken by breast cancer (31.6%), women aged 50-70 years have the highest risk of the disease; the highest lethal index was reported for females with breast cancer living in the most distant districts of Baku that indicates the necessity for improved preventive activity in those districts.
Reproductive health of women after abdominal delivery living in different regions of the Kyrgyz Republic
Authors: Samigullina A E , Vybornykh V A 
Published: March 2018

Aim. Study of somatic and obstetric and gynecologic morbidity of women of the Kyrgyz Republic after Cesarean section.
Methods. Retrospective cohort study was conducted in 2016 in Kyrgyz state medical institute of retraining and advanced training. Three regions of the Kyrgyz Republic were selected: Bishkek, Jalal-Abad and Issyk-Kul regions. 908 pregnant women after abdominal delivery were chosen as the subject of the study and divided into three groups: group 1 (Bishkek) - 305 pregnant women, group 2 (Jalal-Abad region) - 300 females, group 3 (Issyk-Kul region) - 303 females. The age was 15 to 49 years. The incidence of gynecologic and extragenital pathology and complications during previous pregnancies were studied.
Results. Gynecologic pathology in past medical history was revealed in 15.8% of females, while women from group 1 are statistically significantly more likely to have gynecologic diseases than women from group 3. Females from group 2 had gynecologic pathology more rarely. In the structure of gynecologic incidence, sexually transmitted infections take the first place, cervical ectopy takes the second place and uterine fibroids - the third place. Extragenital pathology was detected in 38.2% of pregnant women. In its structure the first ranked place is taken by urinary tract diseases (12.3%), the second one - by infectious and parasitic diseases (11.6%), and the third place - by cardiovascular diseases (3.2%). Pathological course of pregnancy was also more frequent in group 1 than in group 2; there was no significant difference with group 3. Spontaneous abortion interrupted previous pregnancy in 19.8% of women, 5% had premature births, significantly more frequently in group 1, as well as preeclampsia.
Conclusion. The most unfavorable region is the city of Bishkek, female residents of Jalal-Abad region are less susceptible to diseases; in general, gynecologic pathology was revealed in 15.8% of females, extragenital pathology - in 38.2% of pregnant women; pathological course of pregnancy was statistically more frequent in group 1 than in group 2, without significant difference with group 3.
Readmissions for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in actual clinical practice
Authors: Yakupova A F , Zinnatullina A R , Khamitov R F 
Published: March 2018

Aim. Identification of risk factors for readmissions associated with exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease followed by identification of possible quality defects in the provision of medical care to patients in the outpatient and hospital stages.
Methods. A retrospective analysis of the medical records of patients with exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease admitted twice or more to the therapeutic department of one of the hospitals of Kazan during the period from January 1, 2015 to June 30, 2016.
Results. The risk factors for readmissions were found to be the following: male sex (relative risk 2.29; 95% CI 0.78-6.69; р ˂0.05), age over 70 years (relative risk 2.069; 95% CI 1.01-4.2; р ˂0.05), smoking for more than 40 years (relative risk 5.3; 95% CI 1.6-17.5; р ˂0.05), duration of the disease more than 6 years (relative risk 2.4; 95% CI 0.98-6.18; р ˂0.05), presence of three or more concomitant diseases, primarily cardiovascular pathology (relative risk 13.0; 95% CI 1.89-90.14; р ˂0.05). Important reasons for subsequent exacerbations after discharge from the hospital are patients' nonadherence and defects of the provision of medical care in the hospital.
Conclusion. The revealed defects of the quality of medical care indicate the need to intensify the implementation of the federal clinical guidelines for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in actual medical practice; due to the difficulty of modifying the identified risk factors, the main efforts should be directed at treatment optimization with adherence control, as well as full use of the potential for non-drug treatment in the form of guidelines for maintaining physical activity, early smoking quitting and patients' rehabilitation.
Use of rubber seton in the treatment of anorectal fistulae
Authors: Karpukhin O Yu , Sakulin K A 
Published: March 2018

Aim. To determine the efficacy of brand new industrial synthetic material for surgical treatment of patients with complicated anal fistulae and advantages of its use for ligature method of chronic paraproctitis treatment.
Methods. Between 2010 and 2017, 175 patients (average age 47 years) with extra- and transsphincteric fistula were treated with a ligature. The study group consisted of 67 patients treated with rubber seton, comparison group included 108 patients treated with nylon ligature.
Results. The results of clinical use of two seton types for the treatment of rectal fistulae are presented. Rubber thread with circular section as seton was proved to be inexpensive and effective material, advantages of which result from its physical properties. Thus, dissection of muscle tissue due to rubber elasticity becomes more efficient due to the greater reserve of compression than in case of rigid nylon seton, and that reduces the number of contractions. In addition, physical properties of the material, such as its high surface wettability, offer good drainage, and homogeneity of the material not absorbing the fluids, in turn, provides avoidance of the «wick effect» with the spread of infection into the wound. So, the treatment of anorectal fistulae with ligature with the use of rubber seton demonstrates the best therapeutic results and is preferable for patients.
Conclusion. Use of rubber seton in treatment of complicated anal fistulae allows reducing hospital stay, provides better drainage of the surgical wound, and reducing the number of complications and required contractions, thus, minimizing the associated pain syndrome.