bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Atypical Disseminated Variant of Galli–Galli Disease: A Review of the Literature
Authors: Yang Anes , Cheung Karen , Kossard Steven , Murrell Dedee F. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract:
Galli–Galli disease (GGD) is a rare genodermatoses within the group of reticulated pigmentary disorders of the skin. Traditionally, its clinical presentation is identical to that of Dowling–Degos disease (DDD), with the additional feature of acantholysis on histopathological examination. We have reviewed the published cases of GGD to provide further support for the hypothesis that in fact, 2 phenotypes of GGD exist: the characteristic flexural GGD associated with KRT5 mutations and a disseminated variant with no mutation identified to date. A review of the literature revealed 53 reported cases of GGD. Fifteen atypical phenotype cases are described, and no KRT5 mutation has yet been identified. There is growing evidence that acantholysis is an underreported feature of DDD and that GGD and DDD are variations of the same disease, or in fact the same entity. This theory is supported by the identification of the c.418dupA missense mutation in both GGD and DDD. This review highlights that there is growing evidence that there are likely 2 clinical phenotypes of GGD with an associated genotypic correlation.
Barriers to Treatment Adherence Among College Students with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
Authors: Wagoner Scott T. , Schaefer Megan R. , Rawlinson Alana Resmini , Shapiro Steven K. , Kavookjian Jan , Gray Wendy N. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract:

Objective:
The current study sought to obtain a longitudinal perspective of and quantitatively assess barriers to medication adherence experienced by college students with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Thus, we examined semester-long trends in barriers to adherence in addition to the relationships between barriers and medication adherence and barriers and quality of life.

Methods:
Participants were college students diagnosed with ADHD. Throughout a Fall semester, participants completed 4 sets of online questionnaires and attended 4 in-person visits, which included pill counts and written questionnaires. Participants completed measures assessing barriers to adherence and health-related quality of life, and adherence was measured via pill counts. Mean values of barriers, adherence rate, and quality of life were used for all analyses.

Results:
Of the 45 students surveyed, mean adherence rate was 56.70%, and 84.45% of participants reported at least 1 barrier. Across the semester, participants reported experiencing an average of 3.07 barriers, and a consistent barrier reported was not realizing when pills run out. Although reported barriers were unrelated to adherence, the results showed that barriers were associated with lowered quality of life, specifically lower overall quality of life in addition to lower emotional functioning, psychosocial health, school functioning, and physical functioning.

Conclusion:
Barriers to adherence appear to be common in college students with ADHD, and certain barriers are consistent with the planning difficulties observed in individuals with ADHD. Because students experiencing more barriers had lower quality of life, interventions are needed to improve students' overall illness management experience.
Pain and Bruising Levels After Lip Augmentation: A Comparison of Anterograde and Retrograde Techniques Using an Automated Motorized Injection Device. A Blinded, Prospective, Randomized, Parallel Within-Subject Trial
Authors: Galadari Hassan , Mariwalla Kavita , Delobel Patrice , Sanchez-Vizcaino Mengual Elena 
Published: August 2019

BACKGROUND
Dermal fillers for lip augmentation can be injected using various techniques. Although all seem to provide acceptable results, it is not clear which technique is safer, less painful, and provides greater patient comfort.

OBJECTIVE
To compare patients' self-reported pain intensity during the injection of hyaluronic acid dermal filler for lip augmentation, with 2 different techniques, anterograde versus retrograde.

METHODS AND MATERIALS
Prospective, single-center, within-subject, single-blinded, randomized controlled trial. All subjects received injections in the lip with hyaluronic acid–based filler, each side using the anterograde or retrograde injection technique. An automated motorized injection device was used to ensure a homogeneous deposition flow of the product injected and reduce operator bias. Pain intensity was self-assessed using a 100-mm visual analog scale. Presence and severity of bruising were recorded.

RESULTS
Forty-four women (mean age 30.3 years) were randomized. Mean self-reported pain score was 53.1% lower with the anterograde technique than with the retrograde (p < .0001). The anterograde technique had lower rates of site reactions, showed a faster recovery time, and 68.2% of patients favored this technique.

CONCLUSION
This study demonstrated that the anterograde technique was less painful, and led to fewer bruising and site reactions than the retrograde technique when using an automated device.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
I.
Improvement of Radial Cheek Lines With Hyaluronic Acid–Based Dermal Filler VYC-17.5L: Results of the BEAM Study
Authors: Ogilvie Patricia , Fink Bernhard , Leys Christophe , Lipko-Godlewska Sylwia , Niforos François , Kelly Regina , Kerson Graeme , Silberberg Michael 
Published: August 2019

BACKGROUND
Radial cheek lines (RCL) may convey an older, potentially less attractive appearance.

OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the effectiveness of hyaluronic acid–based dermal filler VYC-17.5L for correcting RCL.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
Fifty-three women (40–65 years) received injections of VYC-17.5L in both cheeks on Day 1 (optional Day 14 touch-up). Effectiveness was evaluated on Day 45 by subject-rated dynamic RCL improvement (Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale [GAIS]; primary end point) and independent, noninjecting investigator–rated GAIS; subject Self-Perception of Age (SPA); subject-assessed satisfaction with and natural look of treatment; and instrument-assessed changes in static and dynamic RCL roughness, amplitude, and texture (secondary end points). Safety assessments included injection site responses (ISRs).

RESULTS
On Day 45, 98% of subjects rated RCL as improved or much improved (investigator rated: 95%). Subjects with same or older SPA before treatment (n = 38) perceived themselves as 2.0 and 5.5 average years younger after treatment, respectively. Day 45 mean satisfaction with and natural look of treated areas was 7.9/10 and 7.2/10, respectively. Treatment significantly improved RCL roughness, amplitude, and texture (all p < .001). Most common ISRs were hematoma (35.9%), bruising (30.2%), and irregularities/bumps (22.6%); most ISRs were mild.

CONCLUSION
VYC-17.5L effectively corrected dynamic RCL, improved instrument-assessed indicators of skin quality, and resulted in younger age perception.
Pharmacologic and Nonpharmacologic Interventions for Perioperative Anxiety in Patients Undergoing Mohs Micrographic Surgery: A Systematic Review
Authors: Wan Angie Y. , Biro Mark , Scott Jeffrey F. 
Published: August 2019

BACKGROUND
Perioperative anxiety is associated with negative patient outcomes in Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS). Both pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic therapies have been used to alleviate perioperative anxiety in MMS.

OBJECTIVE
To systematically evaluate the efficacy of therapies aimed at reducing perioperative anxiety in MMS.

METHODS AND MATERIALS
Eligible articles were identified using PubMed MEDLINE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, metaRegister of Controlled Trials, ClinicalTrials.gov, and World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Platform. All available studies investigating interventions to reduce perioperative anxiety during MMS were considered.

RESULTS
Of the 183 abstracts identified and screened, 5 studies met inclusion criteria. Three studies reported a postintervention reduction in patient anxiety (midazolam, educational video, and personalized music). Two studies reporting on similar interventions did not find an effect.

CONCLUSION
There is currently limited evidence to support either pharmacologic or nonpharmacologic therapy for alleviation of perioperative patient anxiety in MMS. Midazolam may provide patients a short-term benefit, though any estimate of the effect is very uncertain. Personalized music may be a promising nonpharmacologic intervention for future research.
Listening, Acting, and Learning Together to Build a Better Model of Care
Authors: Judd Marie 
Published: August 2019

SUMMARY
As a large, nationally integrated, mission-driven healthcare system, Ascension recognizes the need for a multifaceted approach to communication—one that facilitates both national alignment and local action while advancing the Quadruple Aim of enhancing the person/patient experience, improving population health, reducing costs, and improving the work life of healthcare providers.
The Ascension Person and Family Experience Model provides a framework to support a comprehensive communications strategy that encompasses our care teams, leaders, and communities. The model, which comprises a feedback loop with three steps—listen, take action, and learn together—guides both personal interactions and organizational change. It gives direction to our human-to-human connections and enables us to listen as an organization to our voice-of-the- customer data. In living the model, we take meaningful action both by developing just-in-time solutions to problems close to the person/patient and by launching systematic actions on the macro level. We also find ways to learn and innovate together through both local huddles and national conversations.
The model has been operationalized across the system with the support of a cross-discipline, cross-continuum national structure. It owes its success to a persistent focus at all levels of the organization on what matters most to those we serve and to those who serve beside us.
Epigenetic reduction of miR-214-3p upregulates astrocytic colony-stimulating factor-1 and contributes to neuropathic pain induced by nerve injury
Authors: Liu Lian , Xu Dan , Wang Tao , Zhang Yi , Yang Xijing , Wang Xiangxiu , Tang Yuying 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Emerging evidence has indicated that colony-stimulating factor-1 (CSF1) modulates neuroinflammation in the central nervous system and the development of neuropathic pain, while the underlying mechanism remains unknown. Here, we identified the increased expression of CSF1 derived from activated astrocytes in the ipsilateral dorsal horn in rats with spinal nerve ligation (SNL). Suppression of CSF1 expression alleviated neuroinflammation, neuronal hyperexcitability, and glutamatergic receptor subunit upregulation in the dorsal horn and improved SNL-induced pain behavior. We also found reduced miR-214-3p expression in the ipsilateral dorsal horn following an SNL procedure; miR-214-3p directly bound to the 3′-UTR of CSF1 mRNA and negatively regulated CSF1 expression. Intrathecal delivery of miR-214-3p mimic reversed the enhanced expression of CSF1 and astrocyte overactivity and alleviated the IL-6 upregulation and pain behavior induced by SNL. Moreover, suppression of spinal miR-214-3p increased astrocyte reactivity, promoted CSF1 and IL-6 production, and induced pain hypersensitivity in naive animals. Furthermore, SNL induced the expression of DNA methyltransferase 3a (DNMT3a) that was associated with the hypermethylation of the miR-214-3p promoter, leading to reduced miR-214-3p expression in the model rodents. Treatment with the DNMT inhibitor zebularine significantly reduced cytosine methylation in the miR-214-3p promoter; this reduced methylation consequently increased the expression of miR-214-3p and decreased the content of CSF1 in the ipsilateral dorsal horn and, further, attenuated IL-6 production and pain behavior in rats with SNL. Together, our data indicate that the DNMT3a-mediated epigenetic suppression of miR-214-3p enhanced CSF1 production in astrocytes, which subsequently induced neuroinflammation and pain behavior in SNL model rats.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of placebo/sham controlled randomised trials of spinal cord stimulation for neuropathic pain
Authors: Duarte Rui V. , Nevitt Sarah , McNicol Ewan , Taylor Rod S. , Buchser Eric , North Richard B. , Eldabe Sam 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The aims of this review were to systematically identify the current evidence base of placebo (or “sham”) randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of spinal cord stimulation (SCS) for neuropathic pain and to undertake a meta-analysis to investigate the effectiveness of SCS when compared with a placebo comparator arm. Electronic databases were searched from inception until January 2019 for RCTs of SCS using a placebo/sham control. Searches identified 8 eligible placebo-controlled randomised trials of SCS for neuropathic pain. Meta-analysis shows a statistically significant reduction in pain intensity during the active stimulation treatment periods compared with the control treatment periods, pooled mean difference −1.15 (95% confidence interval −1.75 to −0.55, P = 0.001) on a 10-point scale. Exploratory study–level subgroup analysis suggests a larger treatment effect in RCTs using a placebo control (defined as studies where the device was inactive and at least one of the study procedures was different between the arms) than a sham control (defined as all study procedures being equal between arms including SCS device behaviour). Our findings demonstrate limited evidence that SCS is effective in reducing pain intensity when compared with a placebo intervention. Our analyses suggest that the magnitude of treatment effect varies across trials and, in part, depends on the quality of patient blinding and minimisation of carryover effects. Improved reporting and further methodological research is needed into placebo and blinding approaches in SCS trials. Furthermore, we introduce a differentiation between placebo and sham concepts that may be generalisable to trials evaluating surgical or medical procedures.
Using a Social Worker Transition Coach to Improve Hospital-to-Home Transitions for High-Risk Nonelderly Patients
Authors: Balaban Richard , Batalden Maren , Ross-Degnan Dennis , Le Cook Benjamin 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACT
High-risk hospitalized younger adults (age ≤60) have 30-day readmission rates comparable to Medicare fee-for-service patients. This younger cohort has a high incidence of comorbid mental health and substance use disorders, which increases the complexity of their postdischarge care. Although few care transition studies have enrolled younger adult patients, findings from our previous work suggest that these patients have postdischarge needs requiring different approaches than those serving elderly patients. Our current pilot study, situated in a safety-net system, targets this younger population, employing a social worker as the Transition Coach (TC). Social workers are explicitly trained to address psychosocial complexities, and we evaluated whether our TC intervention could improve hospital-to-home transitions by assisting patients with medication management, attending follow-up appointments, and addressing medical, psychiatric, and psychosocial needs. Primary outcomes were Patient Activation Measure scores on admission and 30-days postdischarge; outpatient follow-up at 7 and 30 days; and all-cause, in-network 30-, 60-, and 90-day readmissions. At 30 and 60 days, no differences were observed in the primary outcomes; at 90 days, intervention patients demonstrated a trend toward readmission reduction. A social worker–led transitional care program shows promise in reducing readmissions over 90 days among high-risk, lower socioeconomic, nonelderly adult patients.
At-home genetic testing in pediatrics
Authors: Weissman Scott M. , Kirkpatrick Brianne , Ramos Erica 
Published: August 2019

Purpose of review
This review discusses the state of at-home genetic testing, including both direct-to-consumer and consumer-directed genetic testing, for children.

Recent findings
At-home genetic testing continues to increase in popularity and laboratories are starting to offer tests geared towards newborns and children. Available at-home genetic tests for children address ancestral descent, supplement newborn screening, or provide risks for childhood and adult-onset disorders as well as pharmacogenomic data. However, there are aspects of at-home testing that are unique to children that both providers and parents need to be aware of before considering this type of testing; these include issues related to motivations for testing; privacy concerns; result interpretation; ethical, legal and social implications; and impact on family relationships, among others.

Summary
This review addresses the challenges associated with at-home genetic testing in children and provides guidance for pediatricians and other health care providers who field inquiries about this type of testing or who are presented with at-home genetic test results for interpretation.
The Problematic 2014 American Academy of Pediatrics Bronchiolitis Guidelines
Authors: Mellick Larry B. , Gonzalez Juan 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The 2014 American Academy of Pediatrics bronchiolitis guidelines do not adequately serve the needs and clinical realities of front-line clinicians caring for undifferentiated wheezing infants and children. This article describes the clinical challenges of evaluating and managing a heterogeneous disease syndrome presenting as undifferentiated patients to the emergency department. Although the 2014 American Academy of Pediatrics bronchiolitis guidelines and the multiple international guidelines that they closely mirror have made a good faith attempt to provide clinicians with the best evidence-based recommendations possible, they have all failed to address practical, front-line clinical challenges. The therapeutic nihilism of the guidelines and the dissonance between many of the recommendations and frontline realities have had wide-ranging consequences. Nevertheless, newer evidence of therapeutic options is emerging and forecasts hope for more therapeutically optimistic recommendations with the next revision of the guidelines.
Incidence and Prevention of Cicatricial Scleral Show in the Subciliary Access in Patients With Orbital Fractures
Authors: Fernandes Lopes Morais D’Autilio Margarida , Bottini Davide Johan , Basile Emanuela , Lovero Stefano , Sanese Giuseppe , de Angelis Barbara , Chaboki Houtan , Cervelli Valerio 
Published: August 2019

Orbital fractures can involve floor, lateral and medial wall. Surgical access depends on fracture's severity, ocular trauma and patient's age. Subciliary, subtarsal, infraorbital or transconjunctival approaches are the main access to the orbit. Surgical interventions in the eyelid may induce scar tissue formation and, consequently, the cicatricial scleral show. The authors present a study with the aim to evaluate the incidence of cicatricial scleral show in patients treated for orbital fractures with or without simultaneous Tarsal Sling Canthopexy in our Plastic Surgery Department.

Methods:
The authors evaluated 50 patients divided in 2 groups: Group 1, subciliary approach and reconstruction of orbital floor without simultaneous Canthopexy Tarsal Sling; Group 2: reconstruction of orbital floor through subciliary approach with simultaneous Canthopexy Tarsal Sling.

Results:
Patients, who underwent Canthopexy Tarsal Sling, did not have any scleral show. Instead patients, who did not undergo this prevention technique, had scleral show even if a minor entity.

Discussion:
Although there was no muscle or skin removed, in our procedure, but only cutaneous incision, scleral show can appear as a complication. Canthal ligament and tarsus’ elasticity influence the incidence of post-surgical scleral show, which is more frequent in elderly patients. Therefore, the authors suggest to prevent it routinely with Tarsal Sling Canthopexy.

Conclusion:
Canthopexy Tarsal Sling is procedure that stretch tarsal structure and it may help to prevent scleral show.
Theoretical Basis for Virtual Skull Orientation According to Three-Dimensional Frankfort Horizontal Plane for Computer-Aided Surgical Simulation
Authors: Sonneveld Keith A. , Mai Peter T. , Hardigan Patrick C. , Portnof Jason E. 
Published: August 2019

Purpose:
Computer-aided surgical simulation (CASS) is an evolving technology which has significantly affected surgical correction of dentofacial deformities, a key step of which is orientation of the virtual skull model to allow for analysis and treatment planning. Explored in this study is the coplanarity of a 3-dimensional Frankfort horizontal plane (3D FHP).

Materials and Methods:
The 122 17.0 cm field-of-view cone-beam computed-tomogram (CBCT) scans were oriented to a 3D FHP using right porion, right orbitale, and left orbitale. The distance between the 3D FHP and left porion was then measured. The 18 CBCT scans were found to have external fiducial markers which were used for orientation into natural head position (NHP). The distance between left porion and a true horizontal plan coincidental with the right porion was measured. Concordance reliability measures were calculated to compare NHP to 3D FHP.

Results:
The average distance of left porion to 3D FHP was found to be −0.107 mm (SD = 1.148), and the average distance from the coincidental left porion in NHP was found to be 0.846 mm (SD = 2.611). Concordance reliability calculations shows little consistency between the 2 methods of orientation (P = 0.838).

Conclusions:
The data shows coincidence between left porion and 3D FHP. Orientation of the virtual skull model according to 3D FHP offers a quick and easy method for this important step in CASS. Further study is needed for evaluation of this method in vivo.
Magnetic Susceptibility in Normal Brains of Young Adults Based on Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping
Authors: Zhao Yue , Yang Bin , Li Cairui , Zhang Ruopeng , Duan Wenshuai 
Published: August 2019

Objectives:
To explore the changes of brain susceptibility of different sides and genders in healthy young adults using quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM).

Methods:
Totally 42 healthy young right-handed adults underwent conventional brain magnetic resonance imaging and QSM scans, and the susceptibility maps were obtained by image post-processing software. Then the regions-of-interest (ROI) of bilateral frontal gray matter (FGM), frontal white matter (FWM), caudate (CA), globus pallidus (GP), putamen (PU), thalamus (TH), substantia nigra (SN), red nucleus (RN), dentate nucleus (DN), pons (PO), and corpus callosum (CC) were manually drawn to obtain magnetic susceptibility on the susceptibility maps. The magnetic susceptibility of each ROI was compared between 2 sides and genders by Wilcoxon rank sum test.

Results:
Magnetic susceptibility of bilateral ROI was the highest in GP, followed by SN, and the lowest in FWM. No statistically significant difference was found in susceptibility of bilateral FGM, FWM, CA, GP, PU, TH, SN, RN, DN, PO, or CC. Magnetic susceptibility in CA significantly different genders.

Conclusion:
Brain magnetic susceptibility measured by QSM can be used to quantitatively assess brain iron concentrations.