bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Protein informatics combined with multiple data sources enriches the clinical characterization of novel TRPV4 variant causing an intermediate skeletal dysplasia
Authors: Hines Stephanie L. , Richter John E. , Mohammad Ahmed N. , Mahim Jain , Atwal Paldeep S. , Caulfield Thomas R. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractBackgroundTransient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 4 (TRPV4) is an ion channel permeable to Ca2+ that is sensitive to physical, hormonal, and chemical stimuli. This protein is expressed in many cell types, including osteoclasts, chondrocytes, and sensory neurons. As such, pathogenic variants of this gene are associated with skeletal dysplasias and neuromuscular disorders. Pathogenesis of these phenotypes is not yet completely understood, but it is known that genotype–phenotype correlations for TRPV4 pathogenic variants often are not present.MethodsNewly characterized, suspected pathogenic variant in TRPV4 was analyzed using protein informatics and personalized protein‐level molecular studies, genomic exome analysis, and clinical study.ResultsThis statement is demonstrated in the family of our proband, a 47‐year‐old female having the novel c.2401A>G (p.K801E) variant of TRPV4. We discuss the common symptoms between the proband, her father, and her daughter, and compare her phenotype to known TRPV4‐associated skeletal dysplasias.ConclusionsProtein informatics and molecular modeling are used to confirm the pathogenicity of the unique TRPV4 variant found in this family. Multiple data were combined in a comprehensive manner to give complete overall perspective on the patient disease and prognosis.
Metabolic Profiling of Dietary Polyphenols and Methylxanthines in Normal and Malignant Mammary Tissues from Breast Cancer Patients
Authors: Ávila‐Gálvez María Ángeles , García‐Villalba Rocío , Martínez‐Díaz Francisco , Ocaña‐Castillo Beatriz , Monedero‐Saiz Tamara , Torrecillas‐Sánchez Adela , Abellán Beatriz , González‐Sarrías Antonio , Espín Juan Carlos 
Published: January 2019

ScopeDietary polyphenols may protect against breast cancer. However, it is unknown whether polyphenols reach human malignant breast tumors in molecular forms and(or) at concentrations likely to act against cancer.Methods and ResultsNinteen breast cancer patients consumed three capsules daily from biopsy‐confirmed diagnosis to surgery (6 ± 2 days). The capsules contained pomegranate, orange, lemon, olive, cocoa, and grapeseed extracts plus resveratrol, providing 37 different phenolics (473.7 mg), theobromine and caffeine (19.7 mg). A total of 101 metabolites are identified in urine, 69 in plasma, 39 in normal (NT), and 33 in malignant (MT) tissues by UPLC‐ESI‐QTOF‐MS. Eight control patients did not consume extracts. Phenolic‐derived metabolites in MT and NT are mainly glucuronidated and(or) sulfated. Some representative metabolites detected in MT (median and range, pmol g−1) are urolithin‐A‐3‐O‐glucuronide (26.2; 3.2−66.5), 2,5‐dihydroxybenzoic acid (40.2; 27.7−52.2), resveratrol‐3‐O‐sulfate (86.4; 7.8−224.4), dihydroresveratrol‐3‐O‐glucuronide (109.9; 10.3−229.4), and theobromine (715.0; 153.9−3,216). Metabolites, as detected in breast tissues, do not exert antiproliferative or estrogenic/antiestrogenic activities in MCF‐7 breast cancer cells.ConclusionThis is the first study that describes the metabolic profiling of dietary phenolics and methylxanthines in MT and NT comprehensively. Although phase‐II conjugation might hamper a direct anticancer activity, long‐term tumor‐senescent chemoprevention cannot be discarded.
Prevalence, risk factors, and treatment for women with stress urinary incontinence in a racially and ethnically diverse population
Authors: Mckellar Keneta , Abraham Nitya 
Published: January 2019

AimsBlack women may have lower rates of SUI than Whites, whereas the rate of SUI in Hispanic women varies. Most studies have been conducted in predominantly White populations, making it difficult to evaluate race and SUI. The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of SUI in a diverse population and examine racial/ethnic differences in risk factors and treatment.MethodsThis is a retrospective cohort study of women ≥21 years with SUI seen at our medical center from June 1, 2013 to June 30, 2016. Risk factors measured included age, BMI, SES, diabetes, smoking, Charlson comorbidity index, hysterectomy, and pregnancy. SUI management included consultation with a specialist and active treatment (physical therapy, pessary use, or incontinence surgery). ANOVA, chi‐square, and multivariable logistic regression were used to evaluate race and SUI.ResultsThe prevalence rate was 4.65 per 100 women (5557 cases/119 452 women). Hispanics comprised the majority (54.13% n = 3008), followed by Blacks (23.54% n = 1308), Other (12.74% n = 708), and Whites (9.59% n = 532). Black women were less likely to consult with a specialist or undergo treatment compared to White and Hispanic women, which persisted in multivariable analysis. Women classified as other were more likely to undergo active treatment in the logistic regression model.ConclusionSUI prevalence was highest in Hispanics, despite risk factors being more common in Black women. Black women were less likely to consult with a specialist. Mixed or unknown race/ethnicity women were more likely to undergo active treatment. Future studies will evaluate if racial/ethnic differences in SUI management are due to patient preference or provider practices.
Sulfonylation of 1,4‐Diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane: Charge‐Transfer Complex Triggered C−N Bond Cleavage
Authors: Fu Ying , Xu Qin‐Shan , Li Quan‐Zhou , Li Ming‐Peng , Shi Chun‐Zhao , Du Zhengyin 
Published: January 2019

AbstractA novel charge‐transfer complex triggered sulfonylation of 1,4‐diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane (DABCO) with mild reaction conditions has been developed. The formation of a charge‐transfer complex between electron‐withdrawing (hetero)aryl sulfonyl chloride and DABCO allows the synthesis of N‐ethylated piperazine sulfonamide in good yields. The reaction has a high functional group tolerance. Spectroscopic studies confirmed the charge‐transfer complex formation between sulfonyl chlorides and DABCO, which facilitates the C−N bond cleavage of DABCO.
Occurrence of high‐grade glioma in Noonan syndrome: Report of two cases
Authors: El‐Ayadi Moatasem , Ansari Marc , Kühnöl Caspar D. , Bendel Anne , Sturm Dominik , Pietsch Torsten , Kramm Christof M. , von Bueren André O. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractNoonan syndrome (NS) is an autosomal dominant disorder commonly caused by PTPN11 germline mutations. Patients are characterized by short stature, congenital heart defects, facial dysmorphism, and increased risk of malignancies including brain tumors. Commonly associated brain tumors are dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumor and low‐grade glioma. We report two cases of anaplastic astrocytoma with PTPN11‐related NS. We conducted a systematic search of medical databases looking for other reported cases of high‐grade glioma associated with NS and identified 24 cases of brain tumors, all of which were low‐grade glial or glioneuronal tumors except for one case of medulloblastoma.
Bank lending margins in the euro area: Funding conditions, fragmentation and ECB's policies
Authors: Louri Helen , Migiakis Petros M. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractIn this paper we study the determinants of lending margins paid by euro‐area corporates for their bank loans. Across two separate groups of countries (distressed and non‐distressed) we examine whether lending margins have been affected by structural changes in the banking sector, the credit and liquidity position of banks and the costs of funding in the corporate and sovereign bond markets. The role of ECB policies with respect to narrowing down the fragmentation in the bank lending channel is also investigated through a structural panel VAR model for the period 2003:1 to 2014:12.
How Good Is This Page? Benefits and Limits of Prompting on Adolescents’ Evaluation of Web Information Quality
Authors: Macedo‐Rouet Mônica , Potocki Anna , Scharrer Lisa , Ros Christine , Stadtler Marc , Salmerón Ladislao , Rouet Jean‐François 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe authors examined adolescents’ detection of features that affect the quality of web information. In experiment 1, participants (12–16 years old) rated the goodness/usefulness of four web‐like documents for a simulated study assignment. Each document came with an issue that potentially undermined its quality. Two documents had source‐related issues (i.e., noncompetent author, outdated), and the other two documents had content‐related issues (i.e., topic mismatch, poor readability). Most students failed to notice the issues, including topic mismatch. The participants also produced inconsistent evaluations of topic match, readability, author competence, and currency. In experiment 2, students were prompted to assess each criterion separately. The participants distinguished poorer from better documents in relation to each criterion, except for author competence. The authors discuss these results in light of previous research on adolescents’ evaluation behavior, propose further avenues for reading research, and articulate recommendations for educational practice.
Sources of strategic flexibility in new ventures: An analysis of the role of resource leveraging practices
Authors: Brinckmann Jan , Villanueva Jaume , Grichnik Dietmar , Singh Luv 
Published: January 2019

Research SummaryEspecially new firms need to be strategic flexible to proactively or reactively adjust to the market and internal demands as they aim to establish themselves. However, new firms vary in their degree of strategic flexibility. In this paper, we analyze resource management practices founders can use to increase the strategic flexibility of their firms. We depict how specific resource management practices can augment the strategic flexibility of a new firm in addition to the strategic flexibility resulting from their actual resource base. Scrutinizing innovative resource management practices in various domains, our findings especially underline the importance of specific innovative resource management practices in the financial domain to increase the strategic flexibility.Managerial SummaryFor entrepreneurs being independent is frequently the ultimate goal. Still, founders frequently find themselves in constraints that limit their freedom to act. In this research, we analyze various activities founders can undertake to increase the strategic flexibility of their firm. We find that specific practices in the financial resource management domain focusing on cash‐flow optimization such as quick customer payments and delaying supplier payments prove especially effective for providing more strategic flexibility for the nascent firms, while other ones do not appear to increase the strategic flexibility.
Silver‐Mediated Organic Transformations of Propargylamines to Enones, α‐Thioketones, and Isochromans
Authors: Cui Jian‐Fang , Yang Bin , Yu Qiong , Lai Nathanael Chun‐Him , Chen Han , Wong Man‐Kin 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThis work describes a series of silver‐mediated transformations of propargylamines to provide diverse patterns of products, including enones, α‐thioketones, and isochromans. A variety of enone derivatives were obtained by silver‐catalyzed transformation of propargylamines with 3‐chloroperoxybenzoic acid (m‐CPBA) in aprotic solvent. In contrast, when the reactions were carried out in protic solvent with N‐Boc‐L‐cysteine methyl ester (Boc = tert‐butoxycarbonyl) as nucleophile, α‐thioketones were obtained. Moreover, the first silver‐mediated cascade cyclization of alkynyl alcohol‐linked propargylamines giving isochroman scaffolds was also described in this paper.
An Air Knife–Assisted Recrystallization Method for Ambient‐Process Planar Perovskite Solar Cells and Its Dim‐Light Harvesting
Authors: Cheng Rui , Chung Chih‐Chun , Zhang Hong , Zhou Zhiwen , Zhai Peng , Huang Yu‐Ting , Lee Hyeonseok , Feng Shien‐Ping 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe photovoltaic performance of perovskite solar cells is highly dependent on the control of morphology and crystallization of perovskite film, which usually requires a controlled atmosphere. Therefore, fully ambient fabrication is a desired technology for the development of perovskite solar cells toward real production. Here, an air‐knife assisted recrystallization method is reported, based on a simple bath‐immersion to prepare high‐quality perovskite absorbers. The resulted film shows a strong crystallinity with pure domains and low trap‐state density, which contribute to the device performance and stability. The proposed method can operate in a wide process window, such as variable relative humidity and bath‐immersion conditions, demonstrating a power conversion efficiency over 19% and 27% under 1 sun and 500–2000 lux dim‐light illumination respectively, which is among the highest performance of ambient‐process perovskite solar cells.
Cobalt Phosphides Nanocrystals Encapsulated by P‐Doped Carbon and Married with P‐Doped Graphene for Overall Water Splitting
Authors: Yang Jing , Guo Donghua , Zhao Shulin , Lin Yue , Yang Rui , Xu Dongdong , Shi Naien , Zhang Xiaoshu , Lu Lingzhi , Lan Ya‐Qian , Bao Jianchun , Han Min 
Published: January 2019

AbstractAs one class of important functional materials, transition metal phosphides (TMPs) nanostructures show promising applications in catalysis and energy storage fields. Although great progress has been achieved, phase‐controlled synthesis of cobalt phosphides nanocrystals or related nanohybrids remains a challenge, and their use in overall water splitting (OWS) is not systematically studied. Herein, three kinds of cobalt phosphides nanocrystals encapsulated by P‐doped carbon (PC) and married with P‐doped graphene (PG) nanohybrids, including CoP@PC/PG, CoP‐Co2P@PC/PG, and Co2P@PC/PG, are obtained through controllable thermal conversion of presynthesized supramolecular gels that contain cobalt salt, phytic acid, and graphene oxides at proper temperature under Ar/H2 atmosphere. Among them, the mixed‐phase CoP‐Co2P@PC/PG nanohybrids manifest high electrocatalytic activity toward both hydrogen and oxygen evolution in alkaline media. Remarkably, using them as bifunctional catalysts, the fabricated CoP‐Co2P@PC/PG||CoP‐Co2P@PC/PG electrolyzer only needs a cell voltage of 1.567 V for driving OWS to reach the current density at 10 mA cm−2, superior to their pure‐phase counterparts and recently reported bifunctional catalysts based devices. Also, such a CoP‐Co2P@PC/PG||CoP‐Co2P@PC/PG device exhibits outstanding stability for OWS. This work may shed some light on optimizing TMPs nanostructures based on phase engineering, and promote their applications in OWS or other renewable energy options.
The State of Research Regarding Ordered Mesoporous Materials in Batteries
Authors: Du Guangyu , Xu Yuxia , Zheng Shasha , Xue Huaiguo , Pang Huan 
Published: January 2019

AbstractOrdered mesoporous materials, porous materials with a pore size of 2–50 nm which are prepared via the sol–gel process using surfactant molecular aggregates as a template to assemble channels through the interfacial action of organic and inorganic substances, have recently triggered a heated debate. In addition to applications in the catalytic cracking of heavy oils and residues, the manufacturing of graft materials, the purification of water, the conversion of automobile exhaust, biochips, and the treatment of environmental pollutants via photocatalysts, ordered mesoporous materials have drawn substantial attention in the field of electrochemical energy storage due to advantages such as large specific surface area, uniform and continuously adjustable pore size, and orderly arrangement. Here, a general summary and appraisal of the study of ordered mesoporous materials for batteries in recent years is given, including the synthesis methods, meso/nanostructural features, and electrochemical capabilities of such materials.
Space‐Confined Synthesis of ZIF‐67 Nanoparticles in Hollow Carbon Nanospheres for CO2 Adsorption
Authors: Li Qi , Guo Jiangna , Zhu Hai , Yan Feng 
Published: January 2019

AbstractHerein, the design and synthesis of ZIF‐67 nanoparticles (NPs) with tunable size grown inside hollow carbon nanospheres (ZIF‐67@HCSs) via a space‐confined strategy is reported. HCSs are first prepared via pyrolysis of polystyrene@polypyrrole (PS@PPy) composite nanospheres. Further infiltration of 2‐methylimidazole (MI) into the HCSs (MI@HCSs) using a melting‐diffusion strategy, followed by immersing MI@HCSs into Co(NO3)2 solution through the pores and channels of HCSs results in the formation of ZIF‐67@HCSs. The as‐synthesized ZIF‐67@HCSs with tunable ZIF‐67 size is achieved by changing the amount of MI. Due to the high pore volume provided by nanoscale ZIF‐67 NPs, the as‐prepared core–shell ZIF‐67@HCSs exhibit outstanding adsorption capacity for CO2.
Using Artificial Skin Devices as Skin Replacements: Insights into Superficial Treatment
Authors: Low Zhi Wei Kenny , Li Zibiao , Owh Cally , Chee Pei Lin , Ye Enyi , Kai Dan , Yang Da‐Peng , Loh Xian Jun 
Published: January 2019

AbstractArtificial skin devices are able to mimic the flexibility and sensory perception abilities of the skin. They have thus garnered attention in the biomedical field as potential skin replacements. This Review delves into issues pertaining to these skin‐deep devices. It first elaborates on the roles that these devices have to fulfill as skin replacements, and identify strategies that are used to achieve such functionality. Following which, a comparison is done between the current state of these skin‐deep devices and that of natural skin. Finally, an outlook on artificial skin devices is presented, which discusses how complementary technologies can create skin enhancements, and what challenges face such devices.
Antidepressant medication exposure and 5‐HT1A autoreceptor binding in major depressive disorder
Authors: Metts A. V. , Rubin‐Falcone H. , Ogden R. T. , Lin X. , Wilner D. E. , Burke A. K. , Sublette M. E. , Oquendo M. A. , Miller J. M. , Mann J. J. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractObjective: We have previously reported higher brain serotonin 1A (5‐HT1A) autoreceptor binding in antidepressant‐naïve patients with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) compared with healthy volunteers, and a decrease in binding in MDD after selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) treatment. This SSRI effect is also present in rodents administered SSRIs chronically. We therefore sought to determine the duration of antidepressant medication effects on 5‐HT1A receptor binding after medication discontinuation. Methods: Positron emission tomography (PET) imaging with the 5‐HT1A receptor radioligand [11C]WAY‐100635 was performed in 66 individuals with current DSM‐IV MDD to examine relationships between 5‐HT1A binding and time since most recent antidepressant treatment. All subjects were medication‐free for at least 2 weeks prior to scanning. Thirty‐two additional MDD comparison subjects were antidepressant naïve. Results: No differences in [11C]WAY‐100635 binding were observed between antidepressant naïve and antidepressant exposed MDD groups in 13 a priori cortical and subcortical regions of interest, including raphe autoreceptors, assessed simultaneously in linear mixed effects models. Furthermore, [11C]WAY‐100635 binding did not correlate with time off antidepressants in the antidepressant exposed patients considering these ROIs. The same results were observed when effects of treatment discontinuation of any psychotropic medication used to treat their depression was examined. Conclusion: These results indicate that any antidepressant‐associated downregulation of 5‐HT1A autoreceptor binding reverses within 2 weeks of medication discontinuation. Since this effect is hypothesized to mediate the antidepressant action of SSRIs, and perhaps other antidepressants, it suggests that patients who need ongoing treatment may relapse rapidly when medication is discontinued. Moreover, 2 weeks appears to be a sufficiently long washout of antidepressant medications for a reliable measure of illness‐related binding levels.
Substructure shake table test for equipment‐adjacent structure–soil interaction based on the branch mode method
Authors: He Tao , Jiang Nan 
Published: January 2019

SummaryA substructure shake table test (SSTT) based on the branch mode method was performed to reveal the mechanism and rules of equipment‐adjacent structure–soil interaction (EASSI) under a seismic effect. EASSI system was divided into three substructures, namely, equipment‐single structure, foundation soil, and adjacent structure. The coupling terms of interaction among the substructures were proposed. The branch mode method was effectively applied to the SSTT by decomposing and transforming the dynamic equation of the entire system and utilizing the coupling terms of interaction for data exchange among substructures. The degree of freedom was reduced for the linear substructures. Experiments indicated that in EASSI, the presence of soil magnified the flexibility and equivalent damping of the entire system. The overall effect was presented as a reduction in the dynamic response of the system. The dynamic feedback of the equipment inhibited the dynamic response of the main structure, which intensified the rate of vibration attenuation of the system. The seismic response analysis was also performed for the system when the mass ratio and frequency ratio between the equipment and the main structure and the position of the equipment in the main structure varied.
A primer on turbulence in hydrology and hydraulics: The power of dimensional analysis
Authors: Katul Gabriel , Li Dan , Manes Costantino 
Published: January 2019

The apparent random swirling motion of water is labeled “turbulence,” which is a pervasive state of the flow in many hydrological and hydraulic transport phenomena. Water flow in a turbulent state can be described by the momentum conservation equations known as the Navier–Stokes (NS) equations. Solving these equations numerically or in some approximated form remains a daunting task in applications involving natural systems thereby prompting interest in alternative approaches. The apparent randomness of swirling motion encodes order that may be profitably used to describe water movement in natural systems. The goal of this primer is to illustrate the use of a technique that links aspects of this ordered state to conveyance and transport laws. This technique is “dimensional analysis”, which can unpack much of the complications associated with turbulence into surprisingly simplified expressions. The use of this technique to describing water movement in streams as well as water vapor movement in the atmosphere is featured. Particular attention is paid to bulk expressions that have received support from a large body of experiments such as flow‐resistance formulae, the Prandtl‐von Karman log‐law describing the mean velocity shape, Monin‐Obukhov similarity theory that corrects the mean velocity shape for thermal stratification, and evaporation from rough surfaces. These applications illustrate how dimensional analysis offers a pragmatic approach to problem solving in sciences and engineering.This article is categorized under:
Science of Water > Methods
Science of Water > Hydrological Processes