bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Formative peer assessment in healthcare education programmes: protocol for a scoping review
Authors: Stenberg Marie , Mangrio Elisabeth , Bengtsson Mariette , Carlson Elisabeth 
Published: November 2018

IntroductionIn formative peer assessment, the students give and receive feedback from each other and expand their knowledge in a social context of interaction and collaboration. The ability to collaborate and communicate are essential parts of the healthcare professionals’ competence and delivery of safe patient care. Thereby, it is of utmost importance to support students with activities fostering these competences during their healthcare education. The aim of the scoping review is to compile research on peer assessment presented in healthcare education programmes, focusing formative assessment. The result of the scoping review will form the basis for developing and conducting an intervention focusing collaborative learning and peer assessment in a healthcare education programme.Methods and analysisThe scoping review will be conducted by using the framework presented by Arksey & O’Malley and Levacet al. The primary research question is: How are formative peer assessment interventions delivered in healthcare education? The literature search will be conducted in the peer-reviewed databases PubMed, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Education Research Complete and Education Research Centre between September and December 2018. Additional search will be performed in Google Scholar, hand-searching of reference lists of included studies and Libsearch for identification of grey literature. Two researchers will independently screen title and abstract. Full-text articles will be screened by three researchers using a charting form. Studies meeting the inclusion criteria will be critically evaluated using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme. A flow diagram will present the included and excluded studies. A narrative synthesis will be conducted by using thematic analysis as presented by Braun and Clarke. The findings will be presented under thematic headings using a summary table. To enhance validity, stakeholders from healthcare education programmes and healthcare institutions will be provided with an overview of the preliminary results.Ethics and disseminationResearch ethics approval is not required for the scoping review.
Coproducing healthcare service improvement for people with common mental health disorders including psychotic experiences: a study protocol of a multiperspective qualitative study
Authors: Georgiadis Alexandros , Duschinsky Robbie , Perez Jesus , Jones Peter B , Russo Debra , Knight Clare , Soneson Emma , Dixon-Woods Mary 
Published: November 2018

IntroductionSome people, who have common mental health disorders such as depression and anxiety, also have some psychotic experiences. These individuals may experience a treatment gap: their symptoms neither reach the increasingly high threshold for secondary care, nor do they receive full benefit from current interventions offered by the Improving Access to Psychological Therapies (IAPT) programme. The result may be poorer clinical and functional outcomes. A new talking therapy could potentially benefit this group. Informed by principles of coproduction, this study will seek the views of service users and staff to inform the design and development of such a therapy.Methods and analysisSemistructured interviews will be conducted with IAPT service users, therapists and managers based in three different geographical areas in England. Our sample will include (1) approximately 15 service users who will be receiving therapy or will have completed therapy at the time of recruitment, (2) approximately 15 service users who initiated treatment but withdrew, (3) approximately 15 therapists each with at least 4-month experience in a step-3 IAPT setting and (4) three IAPT managers. Data analysis will be based on the constant comparative method.Ethics and disseminationThe study has been approved by the London Harrow Research Ethics Committee (reference: 18/LO/0642), and all National Health Service Trusts have granted permissions to conduct the study. Findings will be published in peer-reviewed academic journals, and presented at academic conferences. We will also produce a ‘digest’ summary of the findings, which will be accessible, visual and freely available.
Plain tobacco packaging, increased graphic health warnings and adolescents’ perceptions and initiation of smoking: DePICT, a French nationwide study
Authors: El-Khoury Lesueur Fabienne , Bolze Camille , Gomajee Ramchandar , White Vicki , Melchior Maria 
Published: November 2018

BackgroundPlain packaging (PP) of tobacco products and increased graphic warnings may contribute to lower attractiveness of smoking, particularly among youths. In France, this policy was introduced on 1 January 2017. We examined changes in smoking-related perceptions and behaviours among a nationwide sample of French adolescents before (2016) and 1 year post (2017) implementation.MethodsDePICT is a two-wave cross-sectional national telephone survey of adolescents aged 12–17 years per study wave (2016: n=2046 2017: n=1999). All participants reported smoking-related perceptions, as well as ever and current tobacco use. Smokers were also asked about their perceptions of tobacco brands. Data were weighted to be representative of youths in the French population: adjusted prevalence ratios (PRs, 95% CI) estimating changes between the two study waves were calculated using multivariate log-binomial regression models.ResultsIn 2017, as compared with 2016, French adolescents were more likely to report fear of the consequences of smoking (PR=1.06, 95% CI 1.02 to 1.09) and that smoking is dangerous (PR=1.08, 95% CI 1.05 to 1.11). They were also less likely to report that their friends (PR=0.61, 95% CI 0.54 to 0.70) and family (PR=0.51, 95% CI 0.44 to 0.60) accept smoking. Additionally, smoking initiation significantly decreased (PR=0.96, 95% CI 0.93 to 0.98) and a non-statistically significant drop in current tobacco use was observed (PR=0.93, 95% CI 0.78 to 1.11). Smokers’ attachment to their tobacco brand also decreased (PR=0.47, 95% CI 0.30 to 0.73).ConclusionOur findings suggest that PP and increased graphic warnings could contribute to changes in smoking norms and rates among adolescents.
Elevated arterial shear rate increases indexes of endothelial cell autophagy and nitric oxide synthase activation in humans
Authors: Park Seul-Ki , La Salle D. Taylor , Cerbie James , Cho Jae Min , Bledsoe Amber , Nelson Ashley , Morgan David E. , Richardson Russell S. , Shiu Yan-Ting , Boudina Sihem , Trinity Joel D. , Symons J. David 
Published: November 2018

Continuous laminar shear stress increases the process of autophagy, activates endothelial nitric oxide (NO) synthase phosphorylation at serine 1177 (p-eNOSS1177), and generates NO in bovine and human arterial endothelial cells (ECs) compared with static controls. However, the translational relevance of these findings has not been explored. In the current study, primary ECs were collected from the radial artery of 7 men using sterile J-wires before (Pre) and after (Post) 60 min of rhythmic handgrip exercise (HG) performed with the same arm. After ECs were identified by positive costaining for vascular endothelial cadherin and 4′,6′-diamidino-2-phenylindole, immunofluorescent antibodies were used to assess indices of autophagy, NO generation, and superoxide anion (O2·−) production. Commercially available primary human arterial ECs were stained and processed in parallel to serve as controls. All end points were evaluated using 75 ECs from each subject. Relative to Pre-HG, HG elevated arterial shear rate ( P < 0.05) ~3-fold, whereas heart rate, arterial pressure, and cardiac output were not altered. Compared with values obtained from ECs Pre-HG, Post-HG ECs displayed increased ( P < 0.05) expression of p-eNOSS1177, NO generation, O2·− production, BECLIN1, microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3B, autophagy-related gene 3, and lysosomal-associated membrane protein 2A and decreased ( P < 0.05) expression (i.e., enhanced degradation) of the adaptor protein p62/sequestosome-1. These novel findings provide evidence that elevated arterial shear rate associated with functional hyperemia initiates autophagy, activates p-eNOSS1177, and increases NO and O2·− generation in primary human ECs. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Previously, our group reported in bovine arterial and human arterial endothelial cells (ECs) that shear stress initiates trafficking of the autophagosome to the lysosome and increases endothelial nitric oxide (NO) synthase phosphorylation at serine 1177, NO generation, and O2·− production. Here, the translational relevance of these findings is documented. Specifically, functional hyperemia induced by rhythmic handgrip exercise elevates arterial shear rate to an extent that increases indices of autophagy, NO generation, and O2·− production in primary arterial ECs collected from healthy men.
Computational analysis of airflow dynamics for predicting collapsible sites in the upper airways: a preliminary study
Authors: Na Ji Sung , Jung Hwi-Dong , Cho Hyung-Ju , Choi Yoon Jeong , Lee Joon Sang 
Published: November 2018

The present study aimed to detail the relationship between the flow and structure characteristics of the upper airways and airway collapsibility in obstructive sleep apnea. Using a computational approach, we performed simulations of the flow and structure of the upper airways in two patients having different facial morphologies: retruding and protruding jaws, respectively. First, transient flow simulation was performed using a prescribed volume flow rate to observe flow characteristics within upper airways with an unsteady effect. In the retruding jaw, the maximum magnitude of velocity and pressure drop with velocity shear and vortical motion was observed at the oropharyngeal level. In contrast, in the protruding jaw, the overall magnitude of velocity and pressure was relatively small. To identify the cause of the pressure drop in the retruding jaw, pressure gradient components induced by flow were examined. Of note, vortical motion was highly associated with pressure drop. Structure simulation was performed to observe the deformation and collapsibility of soft tissue around the upper airways using the surface pressure obtained from the flow simulation. At peak flow rate, the soft tissue of the retruding jaw was highly expanded, and a collapse was observed at the oropharyngeal and epiglottis levels. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Aerodynamic characteristics have been reported to correlate with airway occlusion. However, a detailed mechanism of the phenomenon within the upper airways and its impact on airway collapsibility remain poorly understood. This study provides in silico results for aerodynamic characteristics, such as vortical structure, pressure drop, and exact location of the obstruction using a computational approach. Large deformation of soft tissue was observed in the retruding jaw, suggesting that it is responsible for obstructive sleep apnea.
Evaluation of Prophylactic Corticosteroid Eye Drop Use in the Management of Corneal Abnormalities Induced by the Antibody–Drug Conjugate Mirvetuximab Soravtansine
Authors: Matulonis Ursula A. , Birrer Michael J. , O'Malley David M. , Moore Kathleen N. , Konner Jason , Gilbert Lucy , Martin Lainie P. , Bauer Todd M. , Oza Amit M. , Malek Karim , Pinkas Jan , Kim Stella K. 
Published: November 2018

Abstract

Purpose:
Reversible, low-grade ocular adverse events (AE) are associated with administration of mirvetuximab soravtansine, a folate receptor alpha (FRα)-targeted antibody–drug conjugate undergoing phase III clinical evaluation in platinum-resistant ovarian cancer. This study investigated the underlying mechanisms of ocular toxicity and evaluated primary prophylactic use of corticosteroid eye drops in patients receiving mirvetuximab soravtansine.

Patients and Methods:
Target expression in the human eye was determined by IHC. The ocular toxicity profile of mirvetuximab soravtansine was assessed preclinically using Dutch-Belted rabbits. In a phase I clinical study, patients with ovarian cancer were treated with 6 mg/kg mirvetuximab soravtansine intravenously once every 3 weeks, including one expansion cohort with corticosteroid eye drops administered daily for the first 10 days of each treatment cycle.

Results:
FRα expression was absent from human corneal tissues. Ocular abnormalities in the rabbit eye appeared phenotypically consistent with off-target effects on the cornea. Forty patients were enrolled in the expansion cohort. Reversible grade 1 or 2 blurred vision and keratopathy occurred in 16 (40%) and 12 (30%) patients, respectively; no grade 3/4 ocular events were observed. Compared with those patients who did not receive primary prophylaxis, corticosteroid eye drop use resulted in fewer dose reductions (5% vs. 15%) and none discontinued due to ocular AEs.

Conclusions:
Preclinical modeling was predictive of the corneal-related symptoms seen in some patients dosed with mirvetuximab soravtansine. Primary prophylactic use of topical corticosteroid eye drops resulted in a trend toward symptomatic improvement and a reduction in ocular AE-related dose modifications in patients treated with mirvetuximab soravtansine.
Reduced Breast Tumor Growth after Immunization with a Tumor-Restricted MUC1 Glycopeptide Conjugated to Tetanus Toxoid
Authors: Stergiou Natascha , Gaidzik Nikola , Heimes Anne-Sophie , Dietzen Sarah , Besenius Pol , Jäkel Jörg , Brenner Walburgis , Schmidt Marcus , Kunz Horst , Schmitt Edgar 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Preventive vaccination against tumor-associated endogenous antigens is considered to be an attractive strategy for the induction of a curative immune response concomitant with a long-lasting immunologic memory. The mucin MUC1 is a promising tumor antigen, as its tumor-associated form differs from the glycoprotein form expressed on healthy cells. Due to aberrant glycosylation in tumor cells, the specific peptide epitopes in its backbone are accessible and can be bound by antibodies induced by vaccination. Breast cancer patients develop per se only low levels of T cells and antibodies recognizing tumor-associated MUC1, and clinical trials with tumor-associated MUC1 yielded unsatisfactory therapeutic effects, indicating an urgent need to improve humoral immunity against this tumor entity. Herein, we demonstrate that preventive vaccination against tumor-associated human MUC1 results in a specific humoral immune response, a slowdown of tumor progression and an increase in survival of breast tumor–bearing mice. For preventive vaccination, we used a synthetic vaccine containing a tumor-associated glycopeptide structure of human MUC1 coupled to Tetanus Toxoid. The glycopeptide consists of a 22mer huMUC1 peptide with two immune dominant regions (PDTR and GSTA), glycosylated with the sialylated carbohydrate STN on serine-17. PyMT (polyomavirus middle T-antigen) and human MUC1 double-transgenic mice expressing human tumor-associated MUC1 on breast tumor tissue served as a preclinical breast cancer model.
Anisotropia e confinamento hidráulico do Sistema Aquífero Guarani em Ribeirão Preto (SP, Brasil)
Authors: Wahnfried Ingo , Fernandes Amélia , Hirata Ricardo , Maldaner Carlos , Varnier Cláudia , Ferreira Luciana , Iritani Mara , Pressinotti Márcia 
Published: November 2018

Um teste de bombeamento com 171 horas de duração e vazão constante foi realizado no Sistema Aquífero Guarani (SAG) para obter seus parâmetros hidráulicos e testar a existência de drenança através de um pacote de 84 metros de basalto do Aquitarde Serra Geral, que o recobre, e através dos sedimentos da Formação Corumbataí, sotoposta a ele. O ensaio foi realizado em um poço de bombeamento com monitoramento da carga hidráulica em dois piezômetros multiníveis, localizados no Distrito de Bonfim Paulista, pertencente ao município de Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, e situado 10 km ao sul da área urbana dessa cidade. Os resultados indicaram a inexistência de drenança; e o rebaixamento do nível de água registrado nas duas direções distintas em que os piezômetros com filtros no SAG foram instalados em relação ao poço de bombeamento permitiu determinar a existência de anisotropia da condutividade hidráulica. Os parâmetros hidráulicos obtidos com esse ensaio, após correção dos dados para penetração parcial do poço de bombeamento e presença de anisotropia, foram a condutividade hidráulica de 5,3 × 10-6 e 8,1 × 10-6 m/s, e o coeficiente de armazenamento de 1,6 × 10-3 e 8,4 × 10-4 para os piezômetros PPE-1G e PPE-2G, respectivamente. A orientação do eixo com maior valor de transmissividade (Tx = 1,9 × 10-3 m2/s) é N-S, e a de menor (Ty = 1,2 × 10-3 m2/s) é E-W. No plano horizontal, a relação entre esses valores é de 1,55. A ausência de estabilização do nível de água durante o bombeamento no SAG indica que a drenança é insignificante ou inexistente, tanto nos basaltos quanto através da Formação Corumbataí.
Supported housing for persons with serious mental illness and personal recovery: What do families think?
Authors: Piat Myra , Seida Kimberly 
Published: November 2018

Background and aims: Previous research on supported housing for people with serious mental illness focuses primarily on tenant/client experiences. The aim of this article is to present families’ perspectives on the role of supported housing in recovery, utilizing the CHIME framework of personal recovery. Method: Qualitative interviews were conducted with 14 families of individuals with serious mental illness living in supported housing. Participants were across five supported housing sites in four Canadian provinces. Results: Families credited supported housing with helping tenants redefine a positive sense of identity, re-establish social relationships and regain control over their lives. Families were less confident about supported housing facilitating future employment or ‘full’ recovery, focusing on stability rather than continual improvement. Conclusion: This is one of the first studies to report family perspectives on the role of supported housing in their loved one’s recovery processes – both strengths and weaknesses.
False diagnosis of and needless therapy for presumed gestational trophoblastic disease in women with an unusual site of residual pregnancy
Authors: Gao Tong , Sun Mingming , Yao Liangqing , Jiang Wei 
Published: November 2018

Objective This study aimed to determine the diagnostic value of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), hysteroscopy, and laparoscopy to avoid unnecessary treatment when patients present with clinical manifestations that are close to those of gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN). Methods Three patients who were falsely diagnosed with presumed GTN and received needless chemotherapy in our hospital from July 2011 to March 2012 were studied. We also reviewed data of patients with similar clinical features who were diagnosed as having residual pregnancy in recent years. Clinical manifestations were evaluated. Results All three patients had persistently high serum β-human chorionic gonadotrophin levels and a mass with abundant blood supply in the uterus after termination of pregnancy. The patients were diagnosed with GTN and underwent chemotherapy. They responded poorly to chemotherapy and underwent surgery. The pathological diagnosis in all patients was residual pregnancy. In recent years, no patients were misdiagnosed because pelvic MRI, hysteroscopy, or laparoscopy was used when residual pregnancy could not be excluded. Conclusion Gynecologists should diagnose carefully when patients present with clinical manifestations that are close to those of GTN to avoid unnecessary treatment. MRI, hysteroscopy, and laparoscopy could be important examinations for excluding residual pregnancy.
Anesthetic management of a patient with an unusual broken tracheostomy tube: a case report
Authors: Bo Li-Jun , Yu Pei-Xia , Qi Xiang , Kang Rong-Tian 
Published: November 2018

Objective This study was performed to investigate the management of general anesthesia in an unusual case involving a patient with a broken tracheostomy tube presenting as an airway foreign body. Methods We herein describe the anesthetic management of a patient with a broken tracheostomy tube. A 77-year-old Chinese man who had been involved in a car accident underwent a tracheostomy. One year later, he presented with cough and bleeding at the tracheostomy site. Preoperative evaluation revealed that the metal tracheostomy tube was lodged in his left main bronchus. General anesthesia was induced to maintain spontaneous breathing, and adequate topical anesthesia of the airway was administered. Results The metal tracheostomy tube was successful removed, and a new tracheal tube was put in place. Conclusions General anesthesia to maintain spontaneous breathing and adequate topical anesthesia of the airway can be safely used when removing broken tracheostomy tubes.
Improving survival in end-stage renal disease: A case study
Authors: Elsensohn MH , Dantony E , Iwaz J , Villar E , Couchoud C , Ecochard R 
Published: November 2018

Background: With the increase of life expectancy, *On behalf of the REIN registry. end-stage renal disease (ESRD) is affecting a growing number of people. Simultaneously, renal replacement therapies (RRTs) have considerably improved patient survival. We investigated the way current RRT practices would affect patients' survival. Methods: We used a multi-state model to represent the transitions between RRTs and the transition to death. The concept of “crude probability of death” combined with this model allowed estimating the proportions of ESRD-related and ESRD-unrelated deaths. Estimating the ESRD-related death rate requires comparing the mortality rate between ESRD patients and the general population. Predicting patients' courses through RRTs and Death states could be obtained by solving a system of Kolmogorov differential equations. The impact of practice on patient survival was quantified using the restricted mean survival time (RMST) which was compared with that of healthy subjects with same characteristics. Results: The crude probability of ESRD-unrelated death was nearly zero in the youngest patients (18–45 years) but was a sizeable part of deaths in the oldest (≥70 years). Moreover, in the oldest patients, the proportion of expected death was higher in patient without vs. with diabetes because the former live older. In men aged 75 years at first RRT, the predicted RMSTs in patients with and without diabetes were, respectively, 61% and 69% those of comparable healthy men. Conclusion: Using the concept of “crude probability of death” with multi-state models is feasible and useful to assess the relative benefits of various treatments in ESRD and help patient long-term management.