bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Oceanographic and sedimentological influences on carbonate geochemistry and mineralogy in hypersaline coastal lagoons, Rio de Janeiro state, Brazil
Authors: Nascimento Gabriela S. , Eglinton Timothy I. , Haghipour Negar , Albuquerque Ana Luiza , Bahniuk Anelize , McKenzie Judith A. , Vasconcelos Crisogono 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe Região dos Lagos situated along the coast east of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, is dominated by a semiarid microclimate attributed to the occurrence of oceanographic upwelling at nearby Cabo Frio. The upwelling is strongly associated with the dominance of NE winds during austral spring/summer and the directional change of the shoreline orientation. Some coastal hypersaline lagoons from this region have been studied intensively over the last 25 yr because they represent relatively rare sites of modern primary dolomite precipitation. Comparison of environmental signals in three lagoons indicates that during the last ~ 3.0 kyr, changes in oceanographic parameters may have influenced biogeochemical processes associated with the production of carbonate‐bearing sediments. The timing of a decrease in sea level may have influenced a period of more intense upwelling, which coincides with precipitation of stoichiometric dolomite at ~ 2.3 kyr BP in the lagoons located along the coast directly west of Cabo Frio. The dolomite found in the lower sections of cores from Lagoa Vermelha and Brejo do Espinho contains more positive δ18O values, indicating greater evaporation with a period of increased semiarid conditions corresponding to greater terrestrial input. The lower δ13C values indicate re‐equilibration with the input of new carbonate ions derived from the decomposition of organic matter during dolomite formation. In contrast, the sediment core from Lagoa Salgada, located northeast of Cabo Frio, contains no dolomite, and very positive δ13C values recorded in carbonate sediments are attributed to microbially mediated methanogenesis, whereas δ18O values remain relatively constant throughout the core at around zero.
Controlled Thermoreversible Formation of Supramolecular Hydrogels Based on Poly(vinyl alcohol) and Natural Phenolic Compounds
Authors: Euti Esteban M. , Wolfel Alexis , Picchio Matías L. , Romero Marcelo R. , Martinelli Marisa , Minari Roque J. , Igarzabal Cecilia I. Alvarez 
Published: July 2019

AbstractSupramolecular hydrogels have promising applications in a wide variety of fields including 3D bioprinting, sensors and actuators, biomedicine, and controlled drug delivery. This communication reports the facile reversible thermotriggered formation of novel pH‐responsive supramolecular hydrogels based on poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) bonded via dynamic H‐bridge with small phenolic biomolecules. PVA and phenolic compounds form a clear solution when they are physically mixed in water at high temperature, but a fast gelation is produced at room temperature through multiple strong H‐bonding interactions. The structure and type of functional groups of different phenolic molecules allow preparing hydrogels with tailor‐made viscoelastic properties, controlled low phase transition temperature, and pH‐dependent swelling behavior. This combination makes these supramolecular networks very interesting candidates to be used in 3D bioprinting and topical drug delivery of thermolabile biomolecules.
Characterization of temperature‐dependent hemin uptake receptors HupA and HvtA in Vibrio vulnificus
Authors: Datta Shreya , Kenton Ryan J. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe Gram‐negative pathogen Vibrio vulnificus produces several iron‐sequestration systems including a hemin uptake system in response to iron limitation as a means to acquire this essential element. Strains of this organism are capable of causing serious septicemia in humans and eels, where hemin is abundant and an advantageous source of iron. Vibrio vulnificus hemin uptake systems consist of HupA, a well studied outer membrane protein, and a recently identified HvtA protein receptor. In this study, we confirmed that the expression of the hvtA gene is iron‐regulated in a fur‐dependent manner. When analyzed for virulence in a hemin‐overloaded murine model system, the hupA gene was more important for establishing infection than the hvtA gene. Transcriptional profiling of these genes using strains of two different biotypes, biotype 1 (human pathogen) and biotype 2 (eel pathogen), showed that the expression of the two receptors was also regulated in response to temperature. The expression of hupA was highly induced in elevated temperatures in the human pathogenic strain when tested in iron‐depleted conditions. Conversely, hvtA expression was induced significantly in the eel pathogenic strain at a lower temperature, a condition where the hupA locus was relatively repressed. Our results indicate that although both hupA and hvtA are involved for optimal hemin uptake in V. vulnificus, their expression is dually regulated by the environmental cues of iron concentration and temperature. Together, these data suggest that the virulence genes hupA and hvtA are tightly regulated and strictly induced during iron limitation combined with the physiological temperature of the host organism.
Somatic mosaicism in adult‐onset TNF receptor‐associated periodic syndrome (TRAPS)
Authors: Kontzias Apostolos , Zarabi Samaneh K. , Calabrese Cassandra , Wang Yan , Judis LuAnn , Yao QingPing , Cheng Yu‐Wei 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundSomatic mosaicism is to date an uncommon finding in genetic autoinflammatory syndromes such as Cryopyrin‐associated periodic syndrome, Blau syndrome, and TNF receptor‐associated periodic syndrome (TRAPS). However, somatic mosaicism may be particularly important in adult‐onset or atypical phenotypes of these conditions. Herein, we report a unique adult‐onset TRAPS patient presenting with intermittent daily fever for 3 weeks, rash, peritonitis, and lymphadenopathy, who was found with hematopoietic mosaicism involving different white blood cell populations.MethodsPatient's lymphocyte genomic DNA was initially analyzed by periodic fever seven‐gene next‐generation sequencing panel. Genomic DNAs extracted from patient's hair roots, buccal swab, and subpopulations of white blood cells were subsequently examined on the identified TNFRSF1A variant using Sanger sequencing.ResultsA de novo mosaic missense variant, c.265 T>C(p.Phe89Leu), in the TNFRSF1A gene was found in the patient's buccal swab, B cells, neutrophils, and NK cells but not detected in monocytes, T cells, and hair roots.ConclusionThese data provide additional information about somatic mosaicism in autoinflammatory conditions and provide new insights regarding cellular players that are indispensable for the phenotypic expression of TRAPS.
An ultra‐wideband linear‐to‐circular polarization converter in reflection mode at terahertz frequencies
Authors: Li Sijie , Zhang Xiangjun 
Published: July 2019

AbstractA new approach to designing wideband wide‐angle ultrathin linear‐to‐circular (LTC) polarization converter is presented. The metasurface is composed of a symmetric hexagonal structure formed by parallel metal slits printed on a grounded dielectric substrate, which has a pair of independent mutually perpendicular u and v axes, along ±45° directions with respect to the y‐axis direction. Numerical simulation results show that the LTC metasurface can convert a linear polarization incidence wave into a circular polarization reflected wave. The bandwidth of axis ratio less than 3 dB is 2.24 THz, which is from 2.37 THz to 4.61 THz, and the fractional bandwidth is 64% under normal incidence. Meanwhile, the unit cell of the LTC metasurface is low profile (0.35λ0 × 0.35λ0 × 0.118λ0) and compact. The polarization conversion efficiency can be maintained at over 85% at an angle of incidence up to 40°. Therefore, the proposed converter is useful for the development of the integrated THz polarization manipulation devices.
Analytical study of ground responses induced by the excavation of quasirectangular tunnels at shallow depths
Authors: Zeng Guangshang , Wang Huaning , Jiang Mingjing 
Published: July 2019

SummaryThe construction of quasirectangular tunnels at shallow depths is becoming increasingly common in urban areas to efficiently utilize underground space and reduce the need for backfilling. To clarify the mechanical mechanism of the stresses and displacements around the tunnels, this study proposes analytical solutions that precisely account for quasirectangular tunnel shapes, the ground surface, the tunnel depth, and the ground's elastic/viscoelastic properties. The Schwarz alternating method combined with complex variable theory is employed to derive the elastic solution, and convergent and highly accurate solutions are obtained by superposing the solutions in the alternating iterations. Based on the solution and the extended corresponding principle for the viscoelastic problem, the time‐dependent analytical solutions for the displacement are obtained for the ground assuming any viscoelastic model. The analytical solutions agree well with the finite element method (FEM) numerical results for models that are completely consistent, and qualitatively agree with field data. Furthermore, based on the stress solution combined with the Mohr‐Coulomb failure criterion, the predicted initial plastic zone and propagation directions around the tunnels are qualitatively consistent with those determined by the limit analysis. A parametric study is performed to investigate the influences of the rectangular/quasirectangular tunnel shape, burial depth, and supporting pressure on the ground stresses and displacements.
Medium‐term outcome of laparoscopic sacrocolpopexy using polivinylidene fluoride as compared to a hybrid polyglecaprone and polypropylene mesh: A matched control study
Authors: Callewaert Geertje , Housmans Susanne , Cattani Laura , Pacquée Stefaan , D'Hoore André , Wyndaele Jan , Van der Aa Frank , Deprest Jan 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAimTo compare 2‐year outcomes of laparoscopic sacrocolpopexy (LSCP) either with polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) or hybrid polypropylene containing a resorbable polyglecaprone (PP+ PG) mesh.Materials and methodsRetrospective audit on 105 consecutive patients undergoing LSCP a with PVDF‐mesh (DynaMesh, FEG Textiltechniken), matched by prolapse stage and cervicopexy or vault suspension to 105 controls undergoing LSCP with a hybrid PP + PG‐mesh (Ultrapro, Ethicon). Patients are part of an ongoing prospective study. The primary outcome measure was the Patient Global Impression of Change score (PGIC), the coprimary variable was failure rate at the vault (≤1 cm). Other outcomes were intraoperative and postoperative complications within 3 months categorized by the Clavien‐Dindo classification, reinterventions, graft‐related complications (GRCs) and functional outcomes. All assessments were performed by an independent assessor. Data are reported as median (interquartile range) number and percent as appropriate, the Mann‐Whitney U, χ2, or Fisher exact were used for comparison.ResultsPatient satisfaction in the PVDF group, as measured with the PGIC, was high (90.9% PGIC, ≥4) as well as was the anatomical success (97.3%) at a follow‐up of 26 months. These outcomes were comparable to those of PP + PG‐patients (84.8% PGIC, ≥4; 94.9% anatomical success). There were five patients (2.4%) with Dindo‐III or higher complications and three patients had GRCs (1.5%), without differences between mesh type. Level‐II posterior defects (Bp ≥ −1) were less likely in PVDF patients (34.1% vs 50% for PP + PG‐patients; P = .003). Women in the PVDF group also were less bothered by prolapse (7.5% vs 26.4%; P = .001), yet they complained more of constipation (15.0% vs 9.0%; P = .01).ConclusionThere were no differences in patient satisfaction and anatomical outcomes after LSCP either with PVDF or PP + PG mesh.
Low‐order locking‐free mixed finite element formulation with approximation of the minors of the deformation gradient
Authors: Kraus Alex , Wriggers Peter , Viebahn Nils , Schröder Jörg 
Published: July 2019

SummaryIn this work, a low‐order mixed finite element formulation for three‐dimensional nonlinear elastic problems is presented. The main goal of this paper is to develop a robust and efficient element formulation to overcome locking arising in the cases of hyperelastic bending, quasi‐incompressibility, and anisotropy. For this, a low‐order discretisation of a five‐field Hu‐Washizu functional written in terms of the minors of the Cauchy‐Green tensor is used. For the tested boundary value problems, the proposed element formulation is more accurate and computational efficient than comparable element formulations.
Shame and Care: Masculinities in the Goroka Marketplace
Authors: Barnett‐Naghshineh Olivia 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTFor those women living in villages within accessible range of Goroka town, it is the norm to sell fresh produce in the Goroka market. Fresh produce trading, ormaketin Tok Pisin, is common for women throughout the country. To see men selling food in the Goroka market is significantly less common, and those who do, usually sell foods brought from outside of Goroka. The gender divisions that exist in and around the marketplace today in Goroka are maintained through discourses of emotions and practice, specifically the notion ofsem(Tok Pisin: shame, embarrassment). As part of a 12‐month ethnographic research project on gender relations in and around the Goroka market, I spoke with market vendors, amongst others living in and around Goroka, about why men do not market. I also interviewed some of the few men who do sell fresh produce in the market. Based on these men's explanations and those of others with whom I spoke, I suggest that these sellers exhibit aspects of masculinity that are caring for their families, putting shame second, and justifying this by their aspirations to transform their and their loved ones’ lives through education and business. These men demonstrate an emergent form of masculinity that both includes and contests aspects of hegemonic masculinity in the Highlands. Whilst selling fresh produce in the marketplace is deemed embarrassing and shameful for the majority of men, those who sell regardless justify doing so by pointing to the importance of providing for their families and loved ones.
Are home sleep studies useful in diagnosing obstructive sleep apnea in children with down syndrome?
Authors: Ikizoglu Nilay Bas , Kiyan Esen , Polat Beldan , Ay Pinar , Karadag Bulent , Ersu Refika 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIntroduction and AimObstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is frequent in children with Down syndrome (DS) and polysomnography (PSG) is recommended for all children with DS. However PSG is not always available and alternative diagnostic methods are needed. The aim of the study was to evaluate the feasibility and validity of home polygraphy (HPG) in children with DS.MethodsA national DS association was contacted and children aged 6 to 18 years who accepted to participate were recruited. Otorhinolaryngologic evaluation, in‐lab PSG and HPG were performed. OSAS was diagnosed by PSG with an apnea‐hypopnea index (AHI) more than or equal to  1. OSAS severity was classified as moderate‐to‐severe if AHI was more than or equal to  5. Receiver operating characteristic curves were calculated for HPG using PSG as the gold standard.ResultsNineteen children (12 girls) completed the study. Median age was 11.3 years. Demographic and clinical characteristics were similar in children with and without OSAS. Eighty‐nine percent of HPG studies were technically acceptable at the initial night and the success rate was 100% when two failed studies were repeated. PSG revealed OSAS in six (32%) children, two had mild and four had moderate‐to‐severe OSAS. All four patients with moderate‐to‐severe OSAS diagnosed with PSG have been diagnosed with the same severity on HPG. HPG had 100% sensitivity and 83% specificity when AHI ≥  3 was set as diagnostic criteria.ConclusionHPG is a feasible and reliable test of OSAS in children with DS and may be useful in diagnosis and treatment of patients with moderate‐to‐severe OSAS in this patient group.
Hypopharyngeal oxygen concentration and pressures delivered by low flow nasal cannula in preterm infants: Relationship with flow, gas mixture, and infant's weight
Authors: González Alvaro J. , Quinteros Alvaro , Luco Matías , Salinas Jose A. , Martínez Alejandra , Tapia Jose L. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundLow flow nasal cannula (LFNC) are frequently used in preterm infants. However, the delivered inspired oxygen concentration and airway pressures are not well established.ObjectiveTo determine the fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) and hypopharyngeal pressures generated by LFNC at different gas flows, gas mixture concentrations and infant's weight.Design/MethodsSerial samples of hypopharyngeal gas were obtained in 33 very low birth weight infants who were receiving oxygen with LFNC. Measurements were obtained with different gas flows and oxygen concentrations. FiO2 was measured using an electrochemical cell analyzer and hypopharyngeal pressures with a pressure transducer.Results33 infants with a mean BW of 910 ± 284 g and 27 ± 1.7 weeks gestational age were studied at 36 ± 22 days after birth. FiO2 increased proportionally to gas flow, but with large variability: median (range) FiO
2 were 0.33 (0.23‐0.54), 0.44 (0.29‐0.67), 0.57 (0.33‐0.81), and 0.69 (0.51‐0.92) at 0.1, 0.3, 0.5, and 1 L/minute, respectively. Significantly higher mean FiO
2 were observed despite low flows in infants ≤ 1000 g compared to those > 1000 g (0.5 ± 0.1 vs 0.4 ± 0.07 at 0.3 L/minute; 0.66 ± 0.09 vs 0.5 ± 0.08 with 0.5 L/minute, respectively, P < .05). Hypopharyngeal pressures increased proportionally to gas flow with high variability: mean ± standard deviation pressures were 1.5 ± 0.8; 2.8 ± 1.2; 4.6 ± 1.3; 6.1 ± 1.6 cm H
2O at 0.5, 1, 2, and 3 L/minute of gas flow. Peak pressures > 15 cm H
2O were frequently observed with gas flows ≥ 2 L/min.ConclusionsLarge variability in FiO2 and hypopharyngeal pressures were observed with oxygen administration through LFNC. Very high FiO
2 were observed despite low flows in infants < 1000 g. Excessive peak pressures can be generated with flows ≥ 2 L/minute especially among infants < 1000 g.
Conversational reflections about tinkering experiences in a children's museum
Authors: Pagano Lauren C. , Haden Catherine A. , Uttal David H. , Cohen Tsivia 
Published: July 2019

AbstractWe examined the conversational reflections of 248 families with 6–11‐year‐old children shortly after they visited a tinkering exhibit. Our aim was to understand the conditions of tinkering and conversational reflection that can enhance STEM learning opportunities for young children. Some families visited the exhibit when there was a design challenge and others when there was not. Some families chose to leave the exhibit with their creations, and, therefore, had them with them during the conversational reflection, and others did not. Children who participated in the design challenge, and had their tinkering creation present during the reminiscing, answered a greater percentage of adults’ elaborative open‐ended questions. Children also elaborated more if they visited the exhibit when there was a design challenge compared with those who did not. Children and adults made more elaborative statements if they had their tinkering creation with them than if they did not. Families with their tinkering creations talked most about engineering and the value of tinkering, and those who participated in the design challenge talked the most about engineering practices, and least about tools. We discuss implications for the design of tinkering and reflection activities that can both reveal and advance STEM learning.
Mesenchymal Stem Cells Reduce Corneal Fibrosis and Inflammation via Extracellular Vesicle-Mediated Delivery of miRNA
Authors: Shojaati Golnar , Khandaker Irona , Funderburgh Martha L. , Mann Mary M. , Basu Rohan , Stolz Donna B. , Geary Moira L. , Dos Santos Aurélie , Deng Sophie X. , Funderburgh James L. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells from corneal stromal stem cells (CSSC) prevent fibrotic scarring and stimulate regeneration of transparent stromal tissue after corneal wounding in mice. These effects rely on the ability of CSSC to block neutrophil infiltration into the damaged cornea. The current study investigated the hypothesis that tissue regeneration by CSSC is mediated by secreted extracellular vesicles (EVs). CSSC produced EVs 130–150 nm in diameter with surface proteins that include CD63, CD81, and CD9. EVs from CSSC reduced visual scarring in murine corneal wounds as effectively as did live cells, but EVs from human embryonic kidney (HEK)293T cells had no regenerative properties. CSSC EV treatment of wounds decreased expression of fibrotic genes Col3a1 and Acta2, blocked neutrophil infiltration, and restored normal tissue morphology. CSSC EVs labeled with carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl ester dye, rapidly fused with corneal epithelial and stromal cells in culture, transferring microRNA (miRNA) to the target cells. Knockdown of mRNA for Alix, a component of the endosomal sorting complex required for transport, using siRNA, resulted in an 85% reduction of miRNA in the secreted EVs. The EVs with reduced miRNA were ineffective at blocking corneal scarring. Furthermore, CSSC with reduced Alix expression also lost their regenerative function, suggesting EVs as an obligate component in the delivery of miRNA. The results of these studies support an essential role for extracellular vesicles in the process by which CSSC cells block scarring and initiate regeneration of transparent corneal tissue after wounding. EVs appear to serve as a delivery vehicle for miRNA, which affects the regenerative action. Stem Cells Translational Medicine 2019;8:1192–1201
Targeted Drug Delivery to Stroke via Chemotactic Recruitment of Nanoparticles Coated with Membrane of Engineered Neural Stem Cells
Authors: Ma Junning , Zhang Shenqi , Liu Jun , Liu Fuyao , Du Fenyi , Li Miao , Chen Ann T. , Bao Youmei , Suh Hee Won , Avery Jonathan , Deng Gang , Zhou Yu , Wu Peng , Sheth Kevin , Wang Haijun , Zhou Jiangbing 
Published: July 2019

AbstractCell membrane coating has recently emerged as a promising biomimetic approach to engineering nanoparticles (NPs) for targeted drug delivery. However, simple cell membrane coating may not meet the need for efficient drug delivery to the brain. Here, a novel molecular engineering strategy to modify the surface of NPs with a cell membrane coating for enhanced brain penetration is reported. By using poly(lactic‐co‐glycolic) acid NPs as a model, it is shown that delivery of NPs to the ischemic brain is enhanced through surface coating with the membrane of neural stem cells (NSCs), and the delivery efficiency can be further increased using membrane isolated from NSCs engineered for overexpression of CXCR4. It is found that this enhancement is mediated by the chemotactic interaction of CXCR4 with SDF‐1, which is enriched in the ischemic microenvironment. It is demonstrated that the resulting CXCR4‐overexpressing membrane‐coated NPs, termed CMNPs, significantly augment the efficacy of glyburide, an anti‐edema agent, for stroke treatment. The study suggests a new approach to improving drug delivery to the ischemic brain and establishes a novel formulation of glyburide that can be potentially translated into clinical applications to improve management of human patients with stroke.