bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fabricating large‐scale three‐dimensional constructs with living cells by processing with syringe needles
Authors: Sasaki Jun‐Ichi , Katata Chihiro , Abe Gabriela L , Matsumoto Takuya , Imazato Satoshi 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThree‐dimensional (3D) cell constructs composed only of cells and cell‐secreted extracellular matrix have been attractive biomaterials for tissue engineering technology; however, controlling construct morphology and eliminating dead cells after fabrication remain a challenge. It has been hypothesized that moderate stress could shape constructs and eliminate dead cells. The purpose of this study was to establish an easily available technology for shaping 3D cell constructs and eliminating dead cells postfabrication. To achieve these objectives, spherical cell constructs composed of L‐929 fibroblasts were processed using different sized syringe needles. Our results revealed that large‐scale rod‐shaped cell constructs could be fabricated, and that their diameters could be controlled according to the size of the syringe needle. Additionally, cell viability assays showed that >94% of cells in the rod‐shaped constructs were viable, suggesting that dead cells, which have low adhesion force, were dispersed when compressive stress was applied during passage through the needle. The technology described in this study will be promising for future tissue engineering, especially for fabricating elongated tissues such as nerves and blood vessels. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 107A: 904–909, 2019.
Toxic effects of combined treatment of 1,2‐dichloroethane and ethanol on mouse brain and the related mechanisms
Authors: Zhang Lin , Jin Ya‐ping 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe aim of this study was to explore the mechanisms of brain damage induced by the combined treatment of mice with 1,2‐dichloroethane (1,2‐DCE) and ethanol. Mice were divided into control group; 1,2‐DCE‐intoxicated group; ethanol‐treated group; and low‐, medium‐, and high‐dose combined treatment groups. Histological observations along with brain organ coefficients and water content were used to measure the brain damage directly and indirectly. The levels of nonprotein sulfhydryls, malondialdehyde (MDA), and superoxide dismutase activity were used as parameters to evaluate oxidative stress in the brain. Protein and messenger RNA (mRNA) levels of cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1), zonula occludens‐1 (occludin and zo‐1), aquaporin‐4 (AQP4), nuclear factor erythroid 2‐related factor 2 (Nrf2), heme oxygenase (HO)‐1, and the γ‐glutamyl cysteine synthetase catalytic and modulatory subunits (γ‐GCSc, GR, and γ‐GCSm) in the brain were examined by Western blot analysis and quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis, respectively. Effects of the combined treatment of 1,2‐DCE and ethanol were evaluated by analysis of variance with a factorial design. The results suggested that combined exposure to ethanol and 1,2‐DCE synergistically increased CYP2E1 protein and mRNA levels, accelerated the metabolism of ethanol and 1,2‐DCE in the brain tissue, induced high production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and increased MDA levels, thereby damaging the blood‐brain barrier and causing obvious pathological changes in brain tissue. However, the increased level of ROS activated the Nrf2 signal transduction pathway, promoting the expression of HO‐1 and glutathione‐related antioxidant enzymes in the brain to protect the cells from oxidative damage.
Genetic counseling in pediatric acute care: Reflections on ultra‐rapid genomic diagnoses in neonates
Authors: Ayres Samantha , Gallacher Lyndon , Stark Zornitza , Brett Gemma R. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractAs genomic sequencing has become available in pediatric clinical genetics settings, genetic counselors have been called upon to support individuals and families through the testing process. Technological and bioinformatic advancements, along with the availability of analytical expertise, have significantly reduced genomic sequencing turnaround times, enabling this powerful diagnostic tool to be used in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) in place of or alongside traditional diagnostic strategies. It is important that pretest counseling for genomic sequencing prepares parents of critically unwell infants for the potential impacts of achieving a diagnosis, such as rare or ultra‐rare diagnoses with limited disease‐specific information, or the diagnosis of a life‐limiting condition. Genetic counseling experiences and challenges arising in rapid genomic sequencing settings are yet to be discussed in the literature in detail. This paper uses illustrative cases as the basis to describe and discuss the emerging role of genetic counselors in NICU multidisciplinary care teams and the challenges and considerations which arise when facilitating ultra‐rapid genomic diagnoses in acutely unwell neonates. Counseling issues discussed include providing pre‐ and posttest counseling in the medicalized NICU setting, facilitating informed decision‐making at a time of acute distress for families, and special considerations around the possibility of ultra‐rare diagnoses in neonates at the beginning of their diagnostic trajectory. As technology continues to drive practice, it is important genetic counselors remain abreast of these issues in order to appropriately support families through the genomic sequencing process and beyond.
Preparation of 177Lu‐labeled Nimotuzumab for radioimmunotherapy of EGFR‐positive cancers: Comparison of DOTA and CHX‐A″‐DTPA as bifunctional chelators
Authors: Pandey Usha , Kameswaran Mythili , Gamre Naresh , Dash Ashutosh 
Published: January 2019

This study was aimed at evaluating the role of bifunctional chelators DOTA‐NCS and CHX‐A″‐DTPA‐NCS used for conjugating 177Lu with Nimotuzumab on the radiochemical yields, purity, in vitro stability, and specificity of the radioimmunoconjugates to EGFR. Two immunoconjugates were prepared wherein Nimotuzumab was conjugated with the acyclic ligand p‐NCS‐Bn‐CHX‐A″‐DTPA and macrocyclic ligand p‐NCS‐Bn‐DOTA. These were radiolabeled with 177Lu, purified on PD‐10 column, and characterized by SE‐HPLC. In vitro stability was determined up to 4 days post preparation. Specificity of the radioimmunoconjugates was ascertained by in vitro studies in A431 cells while the biodistribution patterns were studied in normal Swiss mice up to 96 hours post injection. Four to five molecules of CHX‐A″‐DTPA/DOTA were attached to one molecule of Nimotuzumab. Radiochemical purity of both 177Lu‐CHX‐A″‐DTPA‐Nimotuzumab and 177Lu‐DOTA‐Nimotuzumab was determined to be greater than 98%. Both the radioimmunoconjugates exhibited good in vitro stability at 37°C up to 4 days post preparation in saline, and their clearance was largely by the hepatobiliary route. The DOTA‐ and CHX‐A″‐DTPA‐based radioimmunoconjugates could be prepared with good radiochemical purity, in vitro stability, and specificity to EGFR. Further studies in EGFR‐positive cancers would pave way for them for use in the clinics.
Ce‐141‐labeled DOTMP: A theranostic option in management of pain due to skeletal metastases
Authors: Vimalnath K.V. , Rajeswari Ardhi , Sarma Haladhar Dev , Dash Ashutosh , Chakraborty Sudipta 
Published: January 2019

Owing to its favorable radioactive decay characteristics (T1/2 = 32.51 d, Eβ [max] = 434.6 keV [70.5%] and 580.0 keV [29.5%], Eγ = 145.4 keV [48.5%]), 141Ce could be envisaged as a theranostic radionuclide for use in nuclear medicine. The present article reports synthesis and evaluation of 141Ce complex of 1,4,7,10‐tetraazacyclododecane‐1,4,7,10‐tetramethylenephosphonic acid (DOTMP) as a potent theranostic agent targeting metastatic skeletal lesions. Ce‐141 was produced with 314 ± 29 MBq/mg (n = 6) specific activity and >99.9% radionuclidic purity (n = 6). Around 185 MBq dose of [141Ce]Ce‐DOTMP was synthesized with 98.6 ± 0.5% (n = 4) radiochemical yield under optimized conditions of reaction, and the preparation showed adequately high in vitro stability. Biodistribution studies in normal Wistar rats demonstrated significant skeletal localization and retention of injected activity (2.73 ± 0.28% and 2.63 ± 0.22% of injected activity per gram in femur at 3 hours and 14 days post‐injection, respectively) with rapid clearance from non‐target organs. The results of biodistribution studies were corroborated by serial scintigraphic imaging studies. These results demonstrate the potential utility of 141Ce‐DOTMP as a theranostic molecule for personalized patient care of cancer patients suffering from painful metastatic skeletal lesions.
Risk factors of radiotherapy‐induced cerebral microbleeds and serial analysis of their size compared with white matter changes: A 7T MRI study in 113 adult patients with brain tumors
Authors: Morrison Melanie A. , Hess Christopher P. , Clarke Jennifer L. , Butowski Nicholas , Chang Susan M. , Molinaro Annette M. , Lupo Janine M. 
Published: January 2019

BackgroundAlthough radiation therapy (RT) contributes to survival benefit in many brain tumor patients, it has also been associated with long‐term brain injury. Cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) represent an important manifestation of radiation‐related injury.PurposeTo characterize the change in size and number of CMBs over time and to evaluate their relationship to white matter structural integrity as measured using diffusion MRI indices.Study TypeLongitudinal, retrospective, human cohort.PopulationIn all, 113 brain tumor patients including patients treated with focal RT (n = 91, 80.5%) and a subset of nonirradiated controls (n = 22, 19.5%).Field Strength/SequenceSingle and multiecho susceptibility‐weighted imaging (SWI) and multiband, shell, and direction diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) at 7 T.AssessmentPatients were scanned either once or serially. CMBs were detected and quantified on SWI images using a semiautomated approach. Local and global fractional anisotropy (FA) were measured from DTI data for a subset of 35 patients.Statistical TestsPotential risk factors for CMB development were determined by multivariate linear regression and using linear mixed‐effect models. Longitudinal FA was quantitatively and qualitatively evaluated for trends.ResultsAll patients scanned at 1 or more years post‐RT had CMBs. A history of multiple surgical resections was a risk factor for development of CMBs. The total number and volume of CMBs increased by 18% and 11% per year, respectively, although individual CMBs decreased in volume over time. Simultaneous to these microvascular changes, FA decreased by a median of 6.5% per year. While the majority of nonirradiated controls had no CMBs, four control patients presented with fewer than five CMBs.Data ConclusionIdentifying patients who are at the greatest risk for CMB development, with its likely associated long‐term cognitive impairment, is an important step towards developing and piloting preventative and/or rehabilitative measures for patients undergoing RT.Level of Evidence: 3Technical Efficacy: Stage 4J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2019;50:868–877.
Identification of G‐nerve agents at picogram levels from complex organic samples containing hydrocarbon interferences by aqueous extraction, followed by derivatization and liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry analysis
Authors: Weissberg Avi , Elgarisi Maor , Madmon Moran , Shifrovich Avital , Blanca Merav , Dagan Shai 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe chromatograms obtained from the gas chromatography‐electron ionization mass spectrometric (GC‐EI‐MS) analysis of extracts containing G‐nerve agents in the presence of diesel, gasoline, etc., are dominated by hydrocarbon backgrounds that “mask” the G‐nerve agents, leading to severe difficulties in identification. This paper presents a practical solution for this challenge by transferring the G‐nerve agents from the organic phase into the aqueous phase using liquid‐liquid extraction (LLE), followed by derivatization with 2‐[(dimethylamino)methyl]phenol (2‐DMAMP), allowing ultrasensitive LC‐ESI‐MS/MS analysis of the G‐derivatives. The proposed approach enables rapid identification of trace amounts of G‐nerve agents with limits of identification (LOIs) at the pg/mL scale.
Green biosynthesis of gold nanoparticles using Chenopodium formosanum shell extract and analysis of the particles' antibacterial properties
Authors: Chen Mei‐Nung , Chan Chin‐Feng , Huang Shu‐Ling , Lin Yung‐Sheng 
Published: January 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDVarious physical and chemical methods for synthesis of metal nanoparticles have had some drawbacks. Therefore, green synthesis of gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) has became one of the most crucial emerging areas of nanobiotechnology. In the present study, plant‐mediated synthesis of Au NPs was performed using Djulis (Chenopodium formosanum) shell extract as a reducing and stabilizing agent.RESULTSReaction parameters were manipulated to optimize the Au NPs using a UV‐visible spectrophotometer. Optimized Au NPs with a surface plasmon resonance band at 533 nm were prepared using a 744 µg mL−1 extract and a solution of pH 2.62 chloroauric acid (HAuCl4·3H2O) at 40 °C. High‐resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR‐TEM) results indicated that most of the resultant Au NPs were spherical in shape and exhibited a mean size of 8 ± 6 nm. Energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDS), and selected area electron diffraction (SAED), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) confirmed the elemental gold and crystalline nature of the resultant NPs. FTIR spectrum analysis indicated the critical role of phenolic groups in the reduction of Au3+ ions and stabilization of the formed Au NPs. Moreover, the synthesized Au NPs possessed antibacterial activity for Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus.CONCLUSIONIn this study, Au NPs were synthesized with high efficiency and stability using Djulis shell extract, and related antibacterial applications were demonstrated. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Patient satisfaction and our clinical experience with 459 microfocused ultrasound treatments
Authors: Chang Yunyoung C. , Croix Jennifer , Javvaji Srimanasi , Hernandez Shannon , Chapas Anne M. , MacGregor Jennifer 
Published: January 2019

PurposeMicrofocused ultrasound (MFUS) is a safe and effective method for noninvasive skin tightening. Previous clinical studies demonstrate a 60–100% patient satisfaction after MFUS. We used an anonymous online platform after MFUS to assess patient satisfaction.DesignPatients treated with MFUS between January 2013 and 2016 were invited to complete an anonymous online survey at least 4 months post‐treatment. Patients were asked to rate improvement in skin tightening as none (0%), mild (0–25%), moderate (26–50%), significant (51–75%), or dramatic (76–100%) and treatment satisfaction as disappointed, neutral, satisfied, or extremely satisfied.SummaryBetween January 2013 and 2016, 253 patients received 459 MFUS treatments at our center. A total of 83 surveys were received with data. Nearly 80% of responders reported at least mild improvement, with 14.5% indicating significant improvement, 27.7% indicating moderate, 37.3% indicating mild, and 20.5% indicating none. In addition, 53.1% of responders reported being satisfied or extremely satisfied with the results. 44.6% of responders did not feel treatment results met expectations.ConclusionPatient satisfaction with elective cosmetic procedures is an important indicator of success. Our current study demonstrates a high response rate, with almost 80% of responders indicating at least mild tightening with MFUS treatment. Interestingly, only 53.1% of patients reported satisfaction after treatment, a lower satisfaction rate than reported in previous non‐anonymous studies and lower than patients report in our office follow‐up appointments. This discrepancy may be due to gratitude bias. Anonymous surveys likely provide a more accurate assessment of patients’ perceptions and will improve physician's future counseling efforts. Lasers Surg. Med. 51:495–499, 2019. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A radio frequency‐based antenna sensor as a protractor
Authors: Su Chun‐Hsi , Wu Hong‐Wei 
Published: January 2019

AbstractAn antenna sensor is proposed to play dual role of a functional antenna and a sensor in a wireless sensor system, in an effort to reduce data loss and to increase transmission rate by eliminating a certain interface. A function of protractor was implemented on the coil antenna, working at radio frequency, to demonstrate the antenna sensor. The coil antenna was made of a copper wire with a wire diameter of 1 mm and had a coil diameter of 60 mm. With the impedance matching for the antenna designed at a resonant frequency of 43 MHz, a signal composed of multiple waves at shifted frequencies was transmitted from a mixer to the bent coil sensor, which acts as the emitting antenna. Upon received at the receiver coil, the signal was analyzed using the fast Fourier transform (FFT) algorithm. The received frequency‐domain signals were used to establish the characteristic matrix for the antenna sensor during a calibration process. The characteristic matrix becomes the fingerprint pattern to identify test angle of the bent coil sensor through the calculation of the Euclidean distance based upon the k nearest neighbor (kNN) classifier of the machine learning. The results showed that all the 16 test angles were identified accurately in the correct angle range.
Dual‐band (5G millimeter‐wave and dedicated short‐range communication) stacked patch antenna for advanced telematics applications
Authors: Lee Woncheol , Hong Yang‐Ki , Won Hoyun , Choi Minyeong , Jeong Nathan Seongheon , Lee Jaejin 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe designed and fabricated patch antenna covers both dedicated short‐range communication (DSRC) and Fifth Generation (5G) millimeter‐wave (mmW) bands for advanced telematics. The fabricated antenna has a small volume of 2.7λH × 2.6λH × 0.15λH, where λH is the air wavelength of the highest operating frequency. The antenna performances, such as S‐parameters, the realized gain at boresight (RG00), antenna radiation efficiency, and radiation patterns, are reported. The simulated results are in good agreement with the measured ones. Despite the fabricated antenna's compactness, port isolation higher than 31 dB was achieved. Not only high RG00s of 6.8 and 12 dBi were obtained at DSRC and 5G mmW bands, respectively, but also an efficiency greater than 90% was observed at both frequency bands. Lastly, the fabricated antenna shows better performance than the previously reported dual‐band antennas.
A compact module‐integrated wireless power transfer system with a square metal plate
Authors: Ahn Seong‐Hyeop , Lee Wang‐Sang 
Published: January 2019

AbstractIn this article, we propose a compact module‐integrated wireless power transfer (WPT) system for miniaturizing a WPT system and improving power transfer efficiency (PTE) within the operating distance. Using an eddy current (and its associated magnetic field) formed in a module‐integrated square metal plate, the proposed WPT system realizes a uniform mutual inductance between the coils within the operating distance and achieves an improved PTE of up to 54.7% at 6.78 MHz compared to the conventional WPT system.
Lifetime and 12‐month treatment for mental disorders and suicidal thoughts and behaviors among first year college students
Authors: Bruffaerts Ronny , Mortier Philippe , Auerbach Randy P. , Alonso Jordi , Hermosillo De la Torre Alicia E. , Cuijpers Pim , Demyttenaere Koen , Ebert David D. , Green Jennifer Greif , Hasking Penelope , Stein Dan J. , Ennis Edel , Nock Matthew K. , Pinder‐Amaker Stephanie , Sampson Nancy A. , Vilagut Gemma , Zaslavsky Alan M. , Kessler Ronald C. ,   WHO WMH‐ICS Collaborators
Published: January 2019

AbstractObjectivesMental disorders and suicidal thoughts and behaviors (STB) are common and burdensome among college students. Although available evidence suggests that only a small proportion of the students with these conditions receive treatment, broad‐based data on patterns of treatment are lacking. The aim of this study is to examine the receipt of mental health treatment among college students cross‐nationally.MethodsWeb‐based self‐report surveys were obtained from 13,984 first year students from 19 colleges in eight countries across the world as part of the World Health Organization's World Mental Health–International College Student Initiative. The survey assessed lifetime and 12‐month common mental disorders/STB and treatment of these conditions.ResultsLifetime and 12‐month treatment rates were very low, with estimates of 25.3–36.3% for mental disorders and 29.5–36.1% for STB. Treatment was positively associated with STB severity. However, even among severe cases, lifetime and 12‐month treatment rates were never higher than 60.0% and 45.1%, respectively.ConclusionsHigh unmet need for treatment of mental disorders and STB exists among college students. In order to resolve the problem of high unmet need, a reallocation of resources may focus on innovative, low‐threshold, inexpensive, and scalable interventions.
Identification of markers of thermal processing (“roasting”) in aqueous extracts of Coffea arabica L. seeds through NMR fingerprinting and chemometrics
Authors: Febvay Laura , Hamon Erwann , Recht Raphaël , Andres Nicolas , Vincent Mathilde , Aoudé‐Werner Dalal , This Hervé 
Published: January 2019

AbstractRoasting of Coffea arabica L. seeds gives rise to chemical reactions that produce more than 800 compounds, some being responsible for the desired organoleptic properties for which the beverage called “coffee” is known. In the industry, the “roasting profile,” that is, the times and temperatures applied, is key to influence the composition of roasted coffee beans and the flavour of the beverage made from them. The impact of roasting on the chemical composition of coffee has been the subject of numerous studies, including by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. However, the roasting equipment and profiles applied in these studies are often far from real industrial conditions.In this work, the effects of two critical technological parameters of the roasting process, namely, the “development time” (the period of time after the “first crack,” a characteristic noise due to seed disruption) and the final roasting temperature on coffee extracts, were investigated. Seeds were roasted at pilot scale according to 13 industrial roasting profiles and extracted in D2O. The extracts were analysed by 1H NMR experiments. The NMR spectra were compared using (a) quantitative analysis of main signals by successive orders of magnitude and (b) chemometric tools (principal component analysis, partial least squares and sparse‐orthogonal partial least squares analysis). This allowed to identify compounds, which may serve as markers of roasting and showed that changes in chemical composition can be detected even for slight change in final temperature (~1°C) or in total roasting time (~25 s).