bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of antibody seroconversion toToxoplasma gondiiin uveitis and non‐uveitis dogs
Authors: Kosec Goran , Hacin Biljana , Sansom Philip G , Weaver Gereth , Dewhurst Emma , Carter James W 
Published: May 2019

ObjectivesTo evaluate the prevalence of seroconversion toToxoplasma gondiiin dogs with uveitis and dogs without uveitis.MethodsIn total, 135 dogs were evaluated: 51 dogs were diagnosed with uveitis, and 84 dogs were without uveitis. Latex agglutination tests were performed on all sera, and the results were evaluated.ResultsOverall, 7.8 and 6.0 per cent of sera were positive for the presence of anti‐T gondiiantibodies (dilution ≥1:64) in the groups with uveitis and non‐uveitis dogs, respectively. The frequency distribution of variables (positive and negative results in the uveitis and the non‐uveitis group of dogs) was tested with Fisher's exact test. There was no statistically significant difference between groups (P=0.73).Clinical significanceThese findings suggest that evidence of exposure toT gondiiwas not significantly different between uveitis and non‐uveitis groups of dogs and that the possible association between exposure toT gondiiand canine uveitis requires further investigation. This study is the first to report the seroprevalence of anti‐T gondiiantibodies in dogs in the UK population and the first to report the seroprevalence of anti‐T gondiiantibodies in dogs with uveitis.
The relationship between carrier mobility and bicrystalline grains boundary of rutile TiO2 film
Authors: He Yanfei , Zhang Xin , Liu Yuanbing , Liu Hao , Zhang Yi , Li Guozeng , Wang Zehui , Lin Yutao , Wang Hualin , Tao Hualong , Liu Chaoqian , Jiang Weiwei , Wang Nan , Liu Shimin , Cui Yunxian , Ding Wanyu , Liu Jindong 
Published: May 2019

The rutile titanium dioxide (TiO2) has attracted enormous interest in sensor field owing to its stability at high temperature. But less is known about electron transfer efficiency of rutile TiO2, which is mainly influenced by the electron mobility. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between carrier mobility and bicrystalline grains boundary of rutile TiO2 film. In this study, TiO2 film was deposited by the direct current pulsed magnetron sputtering technology with sputtering power from 150 to 900 W. Then the TiO2 films were annealed at [Formula: see text] in air atmosphere. By this way, the rutile TiO2 films were obtained. Special attention was paid to the carrier mobility of rutile TiO2 films. The Hall measurement results showed that with the increase of sputtering power from 150 to 900 W, the carrier mobility of rutile TiO2 films increased from 0.75 to [Formula: see text], gradually. Taking the TEM and SAED results together, our data indicated that the carrier mobility of rutile TiO2 film was influenced by the bicrystalline grains boundary. The large angle bicrystalline grain boundary seriously deteriorates the carrier mobility of rutile TiO2 film. On the contrary, the low angle bicrystalline grain boundary has little influence on the carrier mobility of rutile TiO2 film.
A study on the effects of diffusion of information on epidemic spread
Authors: Gündüç Semra 
Published: May 2019

In this work, the spread of a contagious disease on a society where the individuals may take precautions is modeled. The primary assumption is that the infected individuals transmit the infection to the susceptible members of the community through direct contact interactions. In the meantime, the susceptibles gather information from the adjacent sites which may lead to taking precautions. The SIR model is used for the diffusion of infection while the Bass equation models the information diffusion. The sociological classification of the individuals indicates that a small percentage of the population takes action immediately after being informed, while the majority expects to see some real advantage of taking action. The individuals are assumed to take two different precautions. The precursory measures are getting vaccinated or trying to avoid direct contact with the neighbors. A weighted average of states of the neighbors leads to the choice of action. The fully connected and scale-free Networks are employed as the underlying network of interactions. The comparison between the simple contagion diffusion and the diffusion of infection in a responsive society showed that a very limited precaution makes a considerable difference in the speed and the size of the spread of illness. Particularly, highly connected hub nodes play an essential role in the reduction of the spread of disease.
Structure and kinematics of the Central Sivas Basin (Turkey): salt deposition and tectonics in an evolving fold-and-thrust belt
Authors: Legeay Etienne , Ringenbach Jean-Claude , Kergaravat Charlie , Pichat Alexandre , Mohn Geoffroy , Vergés Jaume , Kavak Kaan Sevki , Callot Jean-Paul 
Published: May 2019

Abstract

The Sivas Basin in central-eastern Anatolia is a north-verging salt-bearing fold-and-thrust belt including synorogenic salt tectonics. It formed between the northern leading edge of the Taurides platform and the Kırşehir block since Late Cretaceous time. We have constructed five regional cross-sections supported by field data and 2D seismic to constrain the structure of the basin and its evolution. The area is divided into three tectonic domains from south to north: (1) a Maastrichtian to Eocene north-verging fold-and-thrust belt, which terminates by a regional Eocene evaporitic level; (2) an Oligo-Miocene salt domain which contains two generations of minibasins separated by a salt canopy, forming a salt-and-thrust belt; and (3) a late Miocene to present day foreland basin. The cross-sections show the along-strike variations and the increasing shortening in the fold-and-thrust belt from west (
c.
15 km) to east (
c.
25 km). The thick salt allows for the intracutaneous propagation of the fold-and-thrust belt below a domain of salt withdrawal minibasins, decoupled as the initial salt thickness increases. In that case, the salt domain is thrusted both frontward and backward. Efficient exhumation followed by erosion of the fold-and-thrust resulted in synorogenic salt tectonics in the foreland and thus increased the mechanical resistance between them.
Petrogenesis of leucogranites in collisional orogens
Authors: Nabelek Peter I. 
Published: May 2019

Abstract

Leucogranites are a characteristic feature of collisional orogens. Their generation is intimately related to crustal thickening and the active deformation and metamorphism of metapelites. Data from Proterozoic to present day orogenic belts show that collisional leucogranites (CLGs) are peraluminous, with muscovite, biotite and tourmaline as characteristic minerals. Isotopic ratios uniquely identify the metapelitic sequences in which CLGs occur as sources. Organic material in pelitic sources results in
f
O
2
in CLGs that is usually below the fayalite–magnetite–quartz buffer. Most CLGs form under vapour-poor conditions with melting involving a peritectic breakdown of muscovite. The low concentrations of Mg, Fe and Ti that characterize CLGs are largely related to biotite–melt equilibria in the source rocks. Concentrations of Zr, Th and rare earth elements are lower than expected from zircon and monazite saturation models because these minerals often remain enclosed in residual biotite during melting. Melting involving muscovite may limit the temperatures achieved in the source regions. A lack of nearby mantle heat sources in thick collisional orogens has led to thermal models for the generation of CLGs that involve flux melting, or large amounts of radiogenic heat generation, or decompression melting or shear heating, the last one emphasizing the link of leucogranites and their sources to crustal-scale shear zone systems.
APC/C-CDH1–Regulated IDH3β Coordinates with the Cell Cycle to Promote Cell Proliferation
Authors: Wu Qingnan , Zhang Weimin , Xue Liyan , Wang Yan , Fu Ming , Ma Liying , Song Yongmei , Zhan Qi-Min 
Published: May 2019

Abstract

Metabolic activities are often accompanied by cell-cycle progression, yet known connections between these two processes remain limited. Here, we identified the isocitrate dehydrogenase 3β (IDH3β) as a novel substrate of anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C)-CDH1 and an important regulator of the cell cycle. In esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), IDH3β was posttranslationally upregulated in late G1 phase, and overexpression of IDH3β accelerated G1–S transition, contributing to the promotion of cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo. α-Ketoglutarate (α-KG), a crucial metabolite in tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, was dependent on IDH3β level and partially accounted for IDH3β-mediated cell growth. IDH3β expression increased PFKFB3 protein levels and enhanced glucose uptake, and high expression of IDH3β correlated with poor survival in patients with ESCC, suggesting a potential application of IDH3β in prognosis. Overall, our results highlight a new molecular connection between cell-cycle regulation and the TCA cycle in ESCC.

Significance:
These findings show that IDH3β is an APC/C-CDH1 substrate and is expressed in a cell-cycle–dependent manner, highlighting novel molecular cross-talk between the TCA cycle and cell cycle in cancer cells.
Prognostic Impact of Natural Killer Cell Count in Follicular Lymphoma and Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma Patients Treated with Immunochemotherapy
Authors: Klanova Magdalena , Oestergaard Mikkel Z. , Trněný Marek , Hiddemann Wolfgang , Marcus Robert , Sehn Laurie H. , Vitolo Umberto , Bazeos Alexandra , Goede Valentin , Zeuner Harald , Knapp Andrea , Sahin Deniz , Spielewoy Nathalie , Bolen Christopher R. , Cardona Andres , Klein Christian , Venstrom Jeffrey M. , Nielsen Tina , Fingerle-Rowson Günter 
Published: May 2019

Abstract

Purpose:
Natural killer (NK) cells are key effector cells for anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies (mAb), such as obinutuzumab and rituximab. We assessed whether low pretreatment NK-cell count (NKCC) in peripheral blood or tumor tissue was associated with worse outcome in patients receiving antibody-based therapy.

Patients and Methods:
Baseline peripheral blood NKCC was assessed by flow cytometry (CD3−CD56+ and/or CD16+ cells) in 1,064 of 1,202 patients with follicular lymphoma treated with obinutuzumab or rituximab plus chemotherapy in the phase III GALLIUM trial (NCT01332968) and 1,287 of 1,418 patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) treated with obinutuzumab or rituximab plus cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (G-CHOP or R-CHOP) in the phase III GOYA trial (NCT01287741). The prognostic value of tumor NK-cell gene expression, as assessed by whole-transcriptome gene expression using TruSeq RNA sequencing, was also analyzed. The association of baseline variables, such as treatment arm, was evaluated using multivariate Cox regression models using a stepwise approach.

Results:
In this exploratory analysis, low baseline peripheral blood NKCC was associated with shorter progression-free survival (PFS) in both follicular lymphoma [hazard ratio (HR), 1.48; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.02–2.14; P = 0.04] and DLBCL (HR, 1.36; 95% CI, 1.01–1.83; P = 0.04), and overall survival in follicular lymphoma (HR, 2.20; 95% CI, 1.26–3.86; P = 0.0058). Low tumor NK-cell gene expression was associated with shorter PFS in G-CHOP–treated patients with DLBCL (HR, 1.95; 95% CI, 1.22–3.15; P &lt; 0.01).

Conclusions:
These findings indicate that the number of NK cells in peripheral blood may affect the outcome of patients with B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma receiving anti-CD20–based immunochemotherapy.
Oxygen-enhanced MRI Is Feasible, Repeatable, and Detects Radiotherapy-induced Change in Hypoxia in Xenograft Models and in Patients with Non–small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Salem Ahmed , Little Ross A. , Latif Ayşe , Featherstone Adam K. , Babur Muhammad , Peset Isabel , Cheung Susan , Watson Yvonne , Tessyman Victoria , Mistry Hitesh , Ashton Garry , Behan Caron , Matthews Julian C. , Asselin Marie-Claude , Bristow Robert G. , Jackson Alan , Parker Geoff J.M. , Faivre-Finn Corinne , Williams Kaye J. , O'Connor James P.B. 
Published: May 2019

Abstract

Purpose:
Hypoxia is associated with poor prognosis and is predictive of poor response to cancer treatments, including radiotherapy. Developing noninvasive biomarkers that both detect hypoxia prior to treatment and track change in tumor hypoxia following treatment is required urgently.

Experimental Design:
We evaluated the ability of oxygen-enhanced MRI (OE-MRI) to map and quantify therapy-induced changes in tumor hypoxia by measuring oxygen-refractory signals in perfused tissue (perfused Oxy-R). Clinical first-in-human study in patients with non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) was performed alongside preclinical experiments in two xenograft tumors (Calu6 NSCLC model and U87 glioma model).

Results:
MRI perfused Oxy-R tumor fraction measurement of hypoxia was validated with ex vivo tissue pathology in both xenograft models. Calu6 and U87 experiments showed that MRI perfused Oxy-R tumor volume was reduced relative to control following single fraction 10-Gy radiation and fractionated chemoradiotherapy (P &lt; 0.001) due to both improved perfusion and reduced oxygen consumption rate. Next, evaluation of 23 patients with NSCLC showed that OE-MRI was clinically feasible and that tumor perfused Oxy-R volume is repeatable [interclass correlation coefficient: 0.961 (95% CI, 0.858–0.990); coefficient of variation: 25.880%]. Group-wise perfused Oxy-R volume was reduced at 14 days following start of radiotherapy (P = 0.015). OE-MRI detected between-subject variation in hypoxia modification in both xenograft and patient tumors.

Conclusions:
These findings support applying OE-MRI biomarkers to monitor hypoxia modification, to stratify patients in clinical trials of hypoxia-modifying therapies, to identify patients with hypoxic tumors that may fail treatment with immunotherapy, and to guide adaptive radiotherapy by mapping regional hypoxia.
Expression Analysis and Significance of PD-1, LAG-3, and TIM-3 in Human Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer Using Spatially Resolved and Multiparametric Single-Cell Analysis
Authors: Datar Ila , Sanmamed Miguel F. , Wang Jun , Henick Brian S. , Choi Jungmin , Badri Ti , Dong Weilai , Mani Nikita , Toki Maria , Mejías Luis D. , Lozano Maria D. , Perez-Gracia Jose Luis , Velcheti Vamsidhar , Hellmann Matthew D. , Gainor Justin F. , McEachern Kristen , Jenkins David , Syrigos Konstantinos , Politi Katerina , Gettinger Scott , Rimm David L. , Herbst Roy S. , Melero Ignacio , Chen Lieping , Schalper Kurt A. 
Published: May 2019

Abstract

Purpose:
To determine the tumor tissue/cell distribution, functional associations, and clinical significance of PD-1, LAG-3, and TIM-3 protein expression in human non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Experimental Design:
Using multiplexed quantitative immunofluorescence, we performed localized measurements of CD3, PD-1, LAG-3, and TIM-3 protein in &gt;800 clinically annotated NSCLCs from three independent cohorts represented in tissue microarrays. Associations between the marker's expression and major genomic alterations were studied in The Cancer Genome Atlas NSCLC dataset. Using mass cytometry (CyTOF) analysis of leukocytes collected from 20 resected NSCLCs, we determined the levels, coexpression, and functional profile of PD-1, LAG-3, and TIM-3 expressing immune cells. Finally, we measured the markers in baseline samples from 90 patients with advanced NSCLC treated with PD-1 axis blockers and known response to treatment.

Results:
PD-1, LAG-3, and TIM-3 were detected in tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) from 55%, 41.5%, and 25.3% of NSCLC cases, respectively. These markers showed a prominent association with each other and limited association with major clinicopathologic variables and survival in patients not receiving immunotherapy. Expression of the markers was lower in EGFR-mutated adenocarcinomas and displayed limited association with tumor mutational burden. In single-cell CyTOF analysis, PD-1 and LAG-3 were predominantly localized on T-cell subsets/NKT cells, whereas TIM-3 expression was higher in NK cells and macrophages. Coexpression of PD-1, LAG-3, and TIM-3 was associated with prominent T-cell activation (CD69/CD137), effector function (Granzyme-B), and proliferation (Ki-67), but also with elevated levels of proapoptotic markers (FAS/BIM). LAG-3 and TIM-3 were present in TIL subsets lacking PD-1 expression and showed a distinct functional profile. In baseline samples from 90 patients with advanced NSCLC treated with PD-1 axis blockers, elevated LAG-3 was significantly associated with shorter progression-free survival.

Conclusions:
PD-1, LAG-3, and TIM-3 have distinct tissue/cell distribution, functional implications, and genomic correlates in human NSCLC. Expression of these immune inhibitory receptors in TILs is associated with prominent activation, but also with a proapoptotic T-cell phenotype. Elevated LAG-3 expression is associated with insensitivity to PD-1 axis blockade, suggesting independence of these immune evasion pathways.
Prognostic Impact of Left Atrial Function Following Transcatheter Mitral Valve Repair
Authors: Ledwoch Jakob , Leidgschwendner Katharina , Fellner Carmen , Poch Felix , Olbrich Ida , Thalmann Ruth , Kossmann Hans , Dommasch Michael , Dirschinger Ralf , Stundl Anja , Laugwitz Karl‐Ludwig , Kupatt Christian , Hoppmann Petra 
Published: May 2019

Background

Left atrial (
LA
) function predicts clinical outcome in a variety of cardiovascular diseases. However, limited data are available in the setting of mitral regurgitation. The aim of the present study was to assess potential changes in
LA
ejection fraction (LAEF) and its prognostic value in patients following transcatheter mitral valve repair using the MitraClip.

Methods and Results

A total of 88 consecutive patients undergoing MitraClip implantation with complete echocardiography at baseline and follow‐up between 3 and 6 months postprocedure were enrolled.
LAEF
improved in 58% of the population. Change in
LAEF
was associated with residual mitral regurgitation, residual transmitral gradient and left ventricular ejection fraction changes. Compared with their counterparts, patients with residual mitral regurgitation ≥grade 2 (change in LAEF, −6% [Interquartile [IQR], −9–1%] versus 4% [IQR, −5–15%];
P
=0.05) and with residual transmitral gradient ≥5 mm Hg (change in LAEF, −2% [IQR, −9–9%] versus 5% [IQR, −4–16%];
P
=0.03) showed a decline in
LAEF
, respectively. Furthermore,
LAEF
significantly correlated with changes in left ventricular ejection fraction (
r
=0.40;
P
=0.001). With regards to clinical outcome, heart failure symptoms as assessed by New York Heart Association class were more severe in patients with worsened
LAEF
at follow‐up. Finally,
LAEF
change was identified as an independent predictor of all‐cause mortality (hazard ratio, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.90–0.98 [
P
=0.008]).

Conclusions

The present analysis showed that changes in
LA
function in patients undergoing MitraClip implantation are associated with important measures including residual mitral regurgitation, elevated transmitral gradient, and left ventricular function. Importantly,
LA
function alterations represent a strong predictor for all‐cause mortality.
Dicranomyia crane flies (Diptera: Limoniidae) of Korea
Authors: PODENAS SIGITAS , SEO HONG YUL , KIM TAEWOO , HUR JUN MI , KIM A YOUNG , KLEIN TERRY A. , KIM HEUNG CHUL , KANG TAE HWA , AUKŠTIKALNIENĖ RASA 
Published: May 2019

A total of 38 Korean species of crane flies belonging to the genus Dicranomyia Stephens, 1829 (Diptera: Limoniidae: Limoniinae) are taxonomically revised. No species of Dicranomyia were previously reported from South Korea, and only twelve species were reported from North Korea. New records of Dicranomyia from the Korean Peninsula include: D. (Dicranomyia) depauperata Alexander, 1918, D. (D.) distendens pallida Savchenko, 1983, D. (D.) handlirschi handlirschi Lackschewitz, 1928, D. (D.) hyalinata (Zetterstedt, 1851), D. (D.) kandybinae Savchenko, 1987, D. (D.) longipennis (Schummel, 1829), D. (D.) mesosternatoides Alexander, 1924, D. (D.) modesta (Meigen, 1818), D. (D.) pammelas Alexander, 1925, D. (D.) poli (Alexander, 1941), D. (D.) sera (Walker, 1848), D. (D.) shinanoensis (Alexander, 1933), D. (D.) takeuchii Alexander, 1922, D. (D.) unispinosa Alexander, 1921, D. (Erostrata) globithorax Osten Sacken, 1869, D. (E.) globulithorax Alexander, 1924, D. (E.) yazuensis Kato et al., 2018, D. (Glochina) basifusca Alexander, 1919, D. (Melanolimonia) paramorio platysoma (Alexander, 1933), D. (Numantia) fusca (Meigen, 1804), D. (Sivalimnobia) euphileta (Alexander, 1924). Species D. (D.) byuni Podenas, sp. nov., D. (D.) cornuta Podenas, sp. nov., D. (D.) jirisana Podenas, sp. nov., D. (D.) petrasiuni Podenas, sp. nov., and D. (D.) yankovskyi Podenas, sp. nov. are described. An additional ten new records are reported from North Korea, bringing the total number of Dicranomyia species known from North Korea to 22 species. South Korea has a greater diversity of Dicranomyia with total number of 30 species. D. (D.) amurensis Alexander, 1925 is synonymised with D. (D.) hyalinata (Zetterstedt, 1851). An illustrated key with redescriptions and photographs of all species and both sexes of adults collected in Korea are presented. Most females are illustrated or described for the first time. Elevation range, period of activity, habitat information, general distribution and a distribution map in Korean Peninsula is given for each species.
Nobel Prize Speech
Authors: Solzhenitsyn Alexander 
Published: May 2019

In October 1970 Alexander Solzhenitsyn was awarded the Nobel Prize for literature. This award was not welcomed by the Soviet government, however, and Solzhenitsyn declined to attend the prize-giving ceremony in December 1970 for fear of not being allowed to return to the Soviet Union. Subsequently, Solzhenitsyn tried to arrange for a private ceremony in Moscow where the prize could be handed over to him, but this in turn was prevented when the Soviet authorities refused to issue the Secretary of the Nobel Foundation, Dr Karl Ragnar Gierow, with a visa to travel to Moscow. Meanwhile, Solzhenitsyn had composed his Nobel Prize address, which was a condition of receiving the prize, and would in normal circumstances have delivered it personally in Stockholm or at the private ceremony in Moscow. When neither of these courses of action proved possible, the text was sent to Stockholm and was published there in September in Swedish, French and Russian in the Nobel Yearbook. This new translation from the original Russian is exclusive to INDEX and represents the first magazine publication of the full text in English.