bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“One Is Too Few, but Two Are Too Many”: Love as Hybridity inerosMythology and Cyborg Romanticism
Authors: Midson Scott 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTThis article contributes to the discussion of love and technology. A key concern about new technologies is that they will change the nature of love and lead to exacerbated forms of social and psychological alienation by facilitating a context where people are more interested in and infatuated with devices than each other. What of situations where the human–technology distinction is not so distinct? The cyborg, a fusion of organism and cybernetic system, expresses such a condition. What does the cyborg reveal and change about our relationships with technologies, other humans, and our selves? Does it transform our assumptions or understandings of love? To introduce a response to this question, I explore eros as a philosophical attitude to love. Although a complex notion (much like the cyborg), eros is associated with pursuits that are comparable to the cyborg. These pursuits are considered via a reading of mythologies of human creation—which are significant in posthumanist reflections—that suggest eros. Both eros and cyborgs are considered here as a way of gaining insight into how we (think about) love and how, if at all, that is changed—or warrants changing—in a technocultural context.
Toward a Posthuman Hermeneutics
Authors: Romele Alberto 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTThe aim of this article is threefold. The first section deals with traditional hermeneutic anthropocentrism, focusing in particular on Dilthey and Heidegger and their reflections on nature and animals. For both of them, although from different perspectives, interpretatio naturae (interpretation of nature) is no more than a figurative expression. In the second section, recent developments in the emerging fields of environmental hermeneutics and biohermeneutics are accounted for. In particular, the author distinguishes between two main attitudes. Some researchers have argued that nature might be considered as an object of interpretation. Others have said that nature can also be seen as a proper subject of interpretation. In the third section, the ideas developed in the context of environmental hermeneutics and biohermeneutics are “translated” into the field of digital technologies. The author presents “digital hermeneutics” as an emerging field in which three levels can be isolated: (1) a level “zero,” at which hermeneutics (especially the Heideggerian version) has been used to mark a clear distinction between humans and nonhumans (machines); (2) a level “one,” at which the interpretation is considered the result of the articulation between human and nonhuman intentionalities; and (3) a level “two” that is still emerging and that would consist of wondering if it is legitimate to attribute autonomous interpretational agency to digital technologies, or at least to part of them.
Interpreting into an SOV Language: Memory and the Position of the Verb. A Corpus-Based Comparative Study of Interpreted and Non-mediated Speech
Authors: Collard Camille , Przybyl Heike , Defrancq Bart 
Published: July 2019

In Dutch and German subordinate clauses, the verb is generally placed after the clausal constituents (Subject-Object-Verb structure) thereby creating a middle field (or verbal brace). This makes interpreting from SOV into SVO languages particularly challenging as it requires further processing and feats of memory. It often requires interpreters to use specific strategies (for example, anticipation) (Lederer 1981; Liontou 2011). However, few studies have tackled this issue from the point of view of interpreting into SOV languages. Producing SOV structures requires some specific cognitive effort as, for instance, subject properties need to be kept in mind in order to ensure the correct subject-verb agreement across a span of 10 or 20 words. Speakers therefore often opt for a strategy called extraposition, placing specific elements after the verb in order to shorten the brace (Hawkins 1994; Bevilacqua 2009). Dutch speakers use this strategy more often than German speakers (Haeseryn 1990). Given the additional cognitive load generated by the interpreting process (Gile 1999), it may be assumed that interpreters will shorten the verbal brace to a larger extent than native speakers.
The present study is based on a corpus of interpreted and non-mediated speeches at the European Parliament and compares middle field lengths as well as extraposition in Dutch and German subordinate clauses. Results from 3460 subordinate clauses confirm that interpreters of both languages shorten the middle field more than native speakers. The study also shows that German interpreters use extraposition more often than native speakers, but this is not the case for Dutch interpreters. Dutch and German interpreters appear to use extraposition partly because they imitate the clause word order of the source speech, showing that, in this case, extraposition can be considered an effort-saving tool.
Christian Krijnen (ed.): Metaphysics of Freedom: Kant’s Concept of Cosmological Freedom in Historical and Systematic Perspective (Critical Studies in German Idealism. Vol. 23), Leiden-Boston, Brill, 2018
Authors: Paez Jacinto 
Published: July 2019

En un conocido pasaje de Los Progresos de la Metafísica, Kant advierte que la realidad de la libertad es, junto con la idealidad de las representaciones de espacio y tiempo, el pilar sobre el cual descansa la totalidad de la metafísica. Además de ocupar este rol arquitectónico, el concepto kantiano de libertad es complejo y polisémico, tal como lo muestra la coexistencia, en su teoría, de sus especificaciones como libertad transcendental - o cosmológica, libertad práctica, o arbitrio. Al estudio de la primera variante mencionada está dirigido el libro editado por Christian Krijnen. El libro ofrece al lector tanto reconstrucciones sistemáticas de la teoría kantiana como así también el desarrollo de una perspectiva histórica, tanto en lo que refiere a la larga tradición filosófica desde la cual Kant parte, como a su proyección en los diversos sistemas del idealismo alemán y del neokantismo. Es precisamente la coexistencia de estas dimensiones lo que hace valioso al volumen, pues interesa por igual a quien indaga aspectos puntuales del concepto moderno de libertad y a quien busca obtener una visión de conjunto del tema, tomando como punto focal, en este caso, la doctrina de Kant.
An integrative approach to the anatomy of Syllis gracilis Grube, 1840 (Annelida) using micro-computed X-ray tomography
Authors: Parapar Julio , Caramelo Carlos , Candás María , Cunha-Veira Xela , Moreira Juan 
Published: July 2019

Background
The overall anatomy of the genus Syllis (Annelida: Syllidae) has been largely studied; however, an integrative approach considering different anatomical techniques has never been considered. Here, we use micro-computed X-ray tomography (micro-CT) to examine the internal anatomy of Syllis gracilis Grube, 1840, along with other widely available techniques.

Methods
We studied the anatomy of the marine annelid S. gracilis through an integrative approach, including micro-CT along with stereo and light compound microscopy (STM, LCM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) and histological sectioning (HIS). In this manner, we evaluated the applicability of micro-CT for the examination of annelid anatomy by testing whether the images obtained make it possible to visualize the main body structures, in comparison with other current techniques, of the various elements of its internal anatomy.

Results
Overall external and internal body elements are clearly shown by the integrative use of all techniques, thus overcoming the limitations of each when studied separately.Any given method shows disparate results, depending on the body part considered. For instance, micro-CT provided good images of the external anatomy, including relevant characters such as the shape, length and number of articles of dorsal parapodial cirri. However, it is especially useful for the examination of internal anatomy, thus allowing for 3D visualization of the natural spatial arrangement of the different organs. The features best visualized are those of higher tissue density (i.e., body musculature, anterior parts of the digestive tract), particularly in 3D images of unstained specimens, whereas less electrodense tissues (i.e., the peritoneal lining of septa and nervous system) are less clearly visualized. The use of iodine stain with micro-CT has shown advantages against non-staining for the adequate observation of delicate elements of low density, such as the segmental organs, the connective between the ganglia, the ventral nerve cord and segmental nerves.

Discussion
Main external anatomical elements of S. gracilis are well shown with micro-CT, but images show lesser optical resolution and contrast when compared to micrographs provided by SEM and CLSM, especially for fine structural features of chaetae. Comparison of micro-CT and HIS images revealed the utility and reliability of the former to show the presence, shape and spatial disposition of most internal body organs; the resolution of micro-CT images at a cellular level is, however, much lower than that of HIS, which makes both techniques complementary.
Factors encouraging mobile instant messaging service use in medical education
Authors: Kim Kidong , Lee Banghyun , Park Youngmi , Jung Eun Young , Kim Seul Ki , Suh Dong Hoon , Choi Bo Ram 
Published: July 2019

Background
Mobile instant messaging services are being increasingly used for educational purposes, but their effectiveness in medical education is not well known. We assessed whether students’ use of Kakao Talk (a mobile instant messaging service) during the early period of a week of clinical education influenced its use for academic purposes during a later period of the same week.

Methods
The online communication records of 151 third-year medical students (in 39 clinical education groups) who used Kakao Talk during clinical education were reviewed. The 39 groups were categorized as low, middle, or high according to the number of total chats (on all subjects, not just academic) per student over five days. The relationship between the number of total chats during the first two days and the number of academic chats during the last three days (of five-day chatroom weeks) was analyzed.

Results
The number of total and academic chats over all five days, the first two days, and the last three days was highest in groups with the highest number of total chats per student. Similarly, the highest number of students posting total and academic chats was found in these groups. In addition, the number of academic chats per student and the frequency of questions raised by students were also highest in these groups. During the last three days, the number of students posting total chats was lower than that during the first two days, and the number of academic chats per student posting academic chats was higher. The number of total chats on the first or second day positively correlated with the maximum value of academic chats on the third to fifth days.

Conclusion
High frequency mobile instant messaging use early on in clinical education might encourage its use for academic purposes during later periods.
Analyzing Remanufacturability of Mobile Phones using DEMATEL Approach
Authors: Shu San Gan 
Published: July 2019

The use of mobile phone has increased at a surprisingly high rate over these two decades. For many people, especially young generations, mobile phone has even become a primary need. As a consequence, the production of mobile phone has increased significantly and followed immediately by the disposal, as a result of its short life-cycle nature. Recently, there are substantial initiatives proposed in order to mitigate the effect of e-waste to the environment. Remanufacturing is one of recovery processes that could extend product’s useful life, and provide a circular life-cycle instead of linear. However, there are many factors that can affect the success of remanufacturing engagement, and specifically remanufacturability of a mobile phone. There are numerous considerations of remanufacturability with regards to the short life-cycle nature of mobile phone, and these factors can be qualitative or quantitative, with conflicting potentials, and some of them may be uncertain. In this study, we use Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) approach to identify the interrelationship among the factors, and analyze those results to identify the prominent factors. Furthermore, an influential-relation map is provided to support visualization for managerial implications.
The theory of tradition in the written works of architect Seiichi Shirai
Authors: Hato Kosuke 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe aim of Shirai’s essay “The Jomon style” was not to admire the Jomon culture but to consider how to understand the inner potential of the object without being misled by its external form. His theory of tradition subsequently developed into the “theory of expansive tradition.” He objected to confining the argument over tradition to Japan and set out to consider the concept from a universal viewpoint. He gave shape to it and proposed a new concept, namely the “Eurasian” style.
Polymer Fiber Scaffolds for Bone and Cartilage Tissue Engineering
Authors: Zhang Yanbo , Liu Xiaochen , Zeng Liangdan , Zhang Jin , Zuo Jianlin , Zou Jun , Ding Jianxun , Chen Xuesi 
Published: July 2019

AbstractSuccessful regeneration of weight‐bearing bone defects and critical‐sized cartilage defects remains a major challenge in clinical orthopedics. In the past decades, biodegradable polymer materials with biomimetic chemical and physical properties have been rapidly developed as ideal candidates for bone and cartilage tissue engineering scaffolds. Due to their unique advantages over other materials of high specific‐surface areas, suitable mechanical strength, and tailorable characteristics, scaffolds made of polymer fibers have been increasingly used for the repair of bone and cartilage defects. This Review summarizes the preparation and compositions of polymer fibers, as well as their characteristics. More importantly, the applications of polymer fiber scaffolds with well‐designed structures or unique properties in bone, cartilage, and osteochondral tissue engineering have been comprehensively highlighted. On the whole, such a comprehensive summary affords constructive suggestions for the development of polymer fiber scaffolds in bone and cartilage tissue engineering.
A Novel Strategy for Preparing Stretchable and Reliable Biphasic Liquid Metal
Authors: Wu Yun‐hui , Deng Zhi‐fu , Peng Ze‐fei , Zheng Rong‐min , Liu Shu‐qi , Xing Shu‐ting , Li Jun‐yun , Huang De‐qun , Liu Lan 
Published: July 2019

AbstractLow‐melting liquid metal is a hugely promising material for flexible conductive patterns due to its excellent conductivity and supercompliance, especially low‐cost and environmental liquid processing technology. However, the ever‐present fluidity characteristic greatly limits the stable shape and reliability of prepared liquid metal conductive electronics. Herein, a novel solidification strategy of liquid GaIn alloys by Ni doping and heat treatment is first reported, which can efficiently create a solid phase in the liquid metal and provide an effective solution for practical applications. Particularly, the liquid characteristic is preserved for conveniently fabricating different flexible electronic circuits, and then the solidification is carried out on prepared conductive patterns by heat treatment. The solidification mechanism is revealed by the interface chemical reaction between Ni and GaIn, creating the solid phase of intermetallic compound (Ga4Ni3 and InNi3) during heat treatment. Moreover, a biphasic GaInNi can be obtained by regulating the atomic ratio of gallium, indium, and nickel. As a result, the obtained GaInNi possesses extremely low sheet resistance (15 ± 4.5 to 135 ± 2.5 mΩ sq−1) and the variation of ΔR/R0 exhibits low level (0–2) when strained up to 100%, which offers a promising strategy to prepare stretchable and reliable liquid metal electronics.
Spin‐Orbit Torque Switching of a Nearly Compensated Ferrimagnet by Topological Surface States
Authors: Wu Hao , Xu Yong , Deng Peng , Pan Quanjun , Razavi Seyed Armin , Wong Kin , Huang Li , Dai Bingqian , Shao Qiming , Yu Guoqiang , Han Xiufeng , Rojas‐Sánchez Juan‐Carlos , Mangin Stéphane , Wang Kang L. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractUtilizing spin‐orbit torque (SOT) to switch a magnetic moment provides a promising route for low‐power‐dissipation spintronic devices. Here, the SOT switching of a nearly compensated ferrimagnet Gdx(FeCo)1−x by the topological insulator [Bi2Se3 and (BiSb)2Te3] is investigated at room temperature. The switching current density of (BiSb)2Te3 (1.20 × 105 A cm−2) is more than one order of magnitude smaller than that in conventional heavy‐metal‐based structures, which indicates the ultrahigh efficiency of charge‐spin conversion (>1) in topological surface states. By tuning the net magnetic moment of Gdx(FeCo)1−x via changing the composition, the SOT efficiency has a significant enhancement (6.5 times) near the magnetic compensation point, and at the same time the switching speed can be as fast as several picoseconds. Combining the topological surface states and the nearly compensated ferrimagnets provides a promising route for practical energy‐efficient and high‐speed spintronic devices.
Advanced Soft Materials, Sensor Integrations, and Applications of Wearable Flexible Hybrid Electronics in Healthcare, Energy, and Environment
Authors: Lim Hyo‐Ryoung , Kim Hee Seok , Qazi Raza , Kwon Young‐Tae , Jeong Jae‐Woong , Yeo Woon‐Hong 
Published: July 2019

AbstractRecent advances in soft materials and system integration technologies have provided a unique opportunity to design various types of wearable flexible hybrid electronics (WFHE) for advanced human healthcare and human–machine interfaces. The hybrid integration of soft and biocompatible materials with miniaturized wireless wearable systems is undoubtedly an attractive prospect in the sense that the successful device performance requires high degrees of mechanical flexibility, sensing capability, and user‐friendly simplicity. Here, the most up‐to‐date materials, sensors, and system‐packaging technologies to develop advanced WFHE are provided. Details of mechanical, electrical, physicochemical, and biocompatible properties are discussed with integrated sensor applications in healthcare, energy, and environment. In addition, limitations of the current materials are discussed, as well as key challenges and the future direction of WFHE. Collectively, an all‐inclusive review of the newly developed WFHE along with a summary of imperative requirements of material properties, sensor capabilities, electronics performance, and skin integrations is provided.
Supported Noble‐Metal Single Atoms for Heterogeneous Catalysis
Authors: Li Xuning , Yang Xiaofeng , Huang Yanqiang , Zhang Tao , Liu Bin 
Published: July 2019

AbstractSingle‐atom catalysts (SACs), with atomically distributed active metal sites on supports, serve as a newly advanced material in catalysis, and open broad prospects for a wide variety of catalytic processes owing to their unique catalytic behaviors. To construct SACs with precise structures and high density of accessible single‐atom sites, while preventing aggregation to large nanoparticles, various strategies for their chemical synthesis have been recently developed by improving the distribution and chemical bonding of active sites on supports, which results in excellent activity and selectivity in a variety of catalytic reactions. Noble‐metal‐based SACs are discussed, and their structural properties, chemical synthesis, and catalytic applications are highlighted. The structure–activity relationships and the underlying catalytic mechanisms are addressed, including the influences of surface species and reducibility of supports on the activity and stability, impact of the unique structural and electronic properties of single‐atom centers modulated by metal/support interactions on catalytic activity and selectivity, and how the modified catalytic mechanism obtained by inhibiting the multiatoms involves catalytic pathways. Finally, the prospects and challenges for development in this field are highlighted.
In Situ Optical Absorption Studies of Point Defect Kinetics and Thermodynamics in Oxide Thin Films
Authors: Buckner Haley B. , Perry Nicola H. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe authors review the use of in situ optical absorption to probe point defect equilibria and kinetics in oxides, with particular attention to thin films and high‐temperature measurements evaluating changes in oxygen content. The introduction notes the impact of point defects on oxide behavior, including differences in thin films versus bulk materials, and describes methods to evaluate point defect equilibria and kinetics; advantages of optical absorption among these methods are highlighted. Section 2 provides an overview of how optical absorption and point defect concentrations are related, including various possible structural and electronic origins of defect‐mediated absorption changes corresponding to oxygen content changes. Section 3 traces the development of historical understanding of optical absorption in nonstoichiometric oxides and emergence of thin film applications and measurement approaches that resulted. Section 4 details the procedure for determining surface exchange coefficients from optical transmission relaxation measurements and provides specific examples of how this approach uniquely has enabled new insights into thin film surface exchange behavior with and without current collectors. Section 5 provides examples of optically derived diffusivity measurements and comparisons of bulk and thin film defect equilibria. Section 7 outlines potential opportunities and future developments in this area, and Section 7 concludes the manuscript.
Controllable Synthesis of Mesoporous TiO2 Polymorphs with Tunable Crystal Structure for Enhanced Photocatalytic H2 Production
Authors: Xiong Hailong , Wu Lanlan , Liu Yu , Gao Tunan , Li Kaiqian , Long Yan , Zhang Rui , Zhang Ling , Qiao Zhen‐An , Huo Qisheng , Ge Xin , Song Shuyan , Zhang Hongjie 
Published: July 2019

AbstractMultiphasic titanium dioxide (TiO2) possessing abundant heterophase junctions have been widely used for various photocatalytic applications. Current synthesis of multiphasic TiO2 mainly involves the process of thermal treatment and multiple steps of rigorous reactions, which is adverse to controlling the crystal phases and phase ratios of multiphasic TiO2. Meanwhile, the resulting products have relatively low surface area and nonporous structure. Here, a facile polymer‐assisted coordination‐mediated self‐assembly method to synthesize mesoporous TiO2 polymorphs with controllable heterophase junctions and large surface area by using polyethylenimine as the porogen in an acidic aqueous synthesis system is reported. Using this approach, the crystal phases (triphase, biphase, and monophase) and phase compositions (0–100%) are easily tailored by selecting the suitable acidic media. Furthermore, the specific surface areas (77–228 m2 g−1) and pore sizes (2.9–10.1 nm) are readily tailored by changing the reaction temperature. The photocatalytic activity of mesoporous TiO2 polymorphs is evaluated by photocatalytic hydrogen evolution. The triphasic TiO2 exhibits an excellent photocatalytic H2 generation rate of 3.57 mmol h−1 g−1 as compared to other polymorphs, which is attributed to the synergistic effects of heterophase junctions and mesostructure. The band diagram of possible electron transfer pathway for triphasic TiO2 is also elucidated.