bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Medial Collateral Ligament Injuries Identified at the National Football League Scouting Combine: Assessment of Epidemiological Characteristics, Imaging Findings, and Initial Career Performance
Authors: Logan Catherine A. , Murphy Colin P. , Sanchez Anthony , Dornan Grant J. , Whalen James M. , Price Mark D. , Bradley James P. , LaPrade Robert F. , Provencher Matthew T. 
Published: July 2018

Background: The medial collateral ligament (MCL) is one of the most commonly injured structures in the knee, especially in young athletes. The impact of MCL injury on National Football League (NFL) performance in elite collegiate athletes has not yet been described in the literature. Purpose: We aim to (1) describe the prevalence and severity of MCL injuries in NFL Combine participants, (2) detail injury management, and (3) analyze the impact of MCL injury on NFL performance in terms of draft position, games played, games started, and snap percentage. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: A retrospective review of all NFL Combine participants from 2009 to 2015 was performed by reviewing medical records and imaging reports from the combine to identify all players with MCL injuries. A control group was developed from the players evaluated at the combine without MCL injury. For each affected knee, the MCL injury was classified by location and severity based on results of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Each player’s respective NFL draft position, number of NFL games played, number of NFL games started, and NFL snap percentage for the first 2 seasons in the league were collected through the use of NFL.com and Pro-Football-Focus, which are web-based, publicly accessible, comprehensive sports statistics databases. Results: A total of 2285 players participated in the NFL Combine between 2009 and 2015. Three hundred one athletes (13.2%) were identified as having MCL injuries; 36 (12%) of the athletes with MCL injury presented with bilateral injuries, for a total of 337 MCL injuries. Additional soft tissue injury was identified on 187 of 337 (55%) MRIs. Players with a history of MCL injury were more likely to play at least 2 years in the NFL compared with those in the control group ( P = .003). Players who had isolated MCL injury performed significantly better compared with athletes who had combined injuries with regard to draft position ( P = .034), proportion playing at least 2 seasons in the NFL ( P = .022), games played ( P = .014), and games started ( P = .020) in the first 2 years. No significant difference was found between players who underwent operative versus nonoperative management of their MCL injury. Conclusion: A relatively high percentage of players at the NFL Combine had evidence of MCL injury (13%). A prior history of MCL tear had no negative impact on an athlete’s NFL performance. Players who had isolated MCL injury performed significantly better compared with athletes who had combined injuries with regard to draft position, proportion playing 2 seasons or more in the NFL, and games played and started in the first 2 years.
Inequality in Responsiveness
Authors: Alavi Manijeh , Forouzan Ameneh Setareh , Moradi-Lakeh Maziar , Ardakani Mohammad Reza Khodaie , Shati Mohsen , Noroozi Mehdi , Sajjadi Homeira 
Published: July 2018

Objective: Responsiveness refers to meeting the legitimate expectations of people who interact with the health system. This study aimed to assess the presence of any inequality in responsiveness based on the different sociodemographic groups. Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out in Tehran. A total of 610 people with a physical disability from 10 comprehensive physical rehabilitation centers (5 public and 5 private) were included in the study through quota sampling. Data were gathered using the World Health Organization Standard Responsiveness Questionnaire and a sociodemographic checklist. Relative inequality indices were used for the analytical statistics. Results: Study respondents between 18 and 59 years and those equal to or older than 60 years formed 78.1% (475/610) and 21.9% (133/610) of the total study sample, respectively. The study sample consisted of 298 (48.7%) women and 312 (51.3%) men, and their mean age was 46.4 and 45.6 years, respectively. No significant inequality was found in responsiveness of total centers based on the socioeconomic status of the study participants. However, in the private comprehensive physical rehabilitation centers, significant inequality was found in responsiveness based on residential area per capita, with more reporting of poor responsiveness by people with physical disability in the lower residential area per capita quintiles (Wagstaff index [WI] = −0.262; P = .01). Inequality in responsiveness was also found in the public centers based on education level, with poorer experience in people with higher level of education quintiles (WI = 0.163; P = .02). Conclusion: In the private sector, economic issues are the main reason for the poorer experiences. Furthermore, residential area per capita showed to be a more sensitive index among economic indices to measure inequality. In public sector, education level was the key social factor. More attention and interventions need to be implemented by mid-level policymakers and rehabilitation service providers to meet the needs of people with physical disability.
Aberrant hyperediting of the myeloma transcriptome by ADAR1 confers oncogenicity and is a marker of poor prognosis
Authors: Teoh Phaik Ju , An Omer , Chung Tae-Hoon , Chooi Jing Yuan , Toh Sabrina H. M. , Fan Shuangyi , Wang Wilson , Koh Bryan T. H. , Fullwood Melissa J. , Ooi Melissa G. , de Mel Sanjay , Soekojo Cinnie Y. , Chen Leilei , Ng Siok Bian , Yang Henry , Chng Wee Joo 
Published: July 2018

Key Points
The integrity of the MM transcriptome is compromised by ADAR1 overexpression, conferring oncogenic events in an editing-dependent manner. NEIL1 is an important ADAR1 editing target, and its recoded protein has a defective functional capacity and gain-of-function properties.
The molecular genetic background leading to the formation of the human erythroid-specific Xga/CD99 blood groups
Authors: Yeh Chih-Chun , Chang Ching-Jin , Twu Yuh-Ching , Chu Chen-Chung , Liu Bi-Shan , Huang Ji-Ting , Hung Shu-Ting , Chan Yung-Syu , Tsai Yi-Jui , Lin Sheng-Wei , Lin Marie , Yu Lung-Chih 
Published: July 2018

Key Points
SNP rs311103 is associated with human erythroid-specific Xga/CD99 blood group phenotypes. The erythroid GATA1 factor binds to the polymorphic rs311103 genomic region differentially, which affects transcriptional activity.
Journal of Foot and Ankle Research: the first ten years
Authors: Menz Hylton B. , Borthwick Alan M. , Bowen Catherine J. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractJournal of Foot and Ankle Research (JFAR) was launched in July 2008 as the official research publication of the Society of Chiropodists and Podiatrists (UK) and the Australasian Podiatry Council, replacing both the British Journal of Podiatry and the Australasian Journal of Podiatric Medicine. This editorial celebrates the 10 year anniversary of the journal.
Critical Choices: What Information Do Patients Want When Selecting a Hospital for Cancer Surgery?
Authors: Yang Annie , Chimonas Susan , Bach Peter B. , Taylor David J. , Lipitz-Snyderman Allison 
Published: July 2018

Purpose: Access to comparative information on hospitals’ quality of cancer care is limited. Patients’ interest in using this information when selecting a hospital for cancer surgery and the specific data they would desire are unknown. This study gauges patients’ demand for comparative information on hospitals’ quality of cancer surgery. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional, national survey of 3,334 US residents who had received cancer surgery. The outcomes were patients’ reported likelihood of using a list of best hospitals for cancer surgery and patients’ reported interest in information about specific clinical outcomes, including 4-year survival after surgery, 30-day mortality after surgery, and rate of complications from surgery. Results: Two thirds of patients (68%) reported being actively involved in selecting a hospital for their surgery, and two thirds (65%) reported that their physician was involved in or made this decision. When asked what information might have helped them to choose a hospital, participants identified the hospital’s reputation (55%), patient satisfaction (44%), and the number of cancer surgeries performed at the hospital (36%). Approximately three quarters (73%) reported being likely to use a list of best hospitals for cancer surgery when selecting a hospital. Approximately 40% expressed interest in having information on at least one clinical outcome. Conclusion: Widespread interest exists among patients with cancer for comparative information on hospital quality as well as on clinical outcomes and hospitals’ reputation for cancer surgery. Policy reforms and additional research should address the unmet need for transparent, comprehensive data on the quality of hospitals’ cancer care.
Mutational Signature and Transcriptomic Classification Analyses as the Decisive Diagnostic Tools for a Cancer of Unknown Primary
Authors: Bagge Roger Olofsson , Demir Akif , Karlsson Joakim , Alaei-Mahabadi Babak , Einarsdottir Berglind O. , Jespersen Henrik , Lindberg Mattias F. , Muth Andreas , Nilsson Lisa M. , Persson Marta , Svensson Johanna B. , Söderberg Elin M.V. , de Krijger Ronald R. , Nilsson Ola , Larsson Erik , Stenman Göran , Nilsson Jonas A. 
Published: July 2018

Purpose Cancer of unknown primary is a group of metastatic tumors in which the standard diagnostic workup fails to identify the site of origin of the tumor. The potential impact of precision oncology on this group of patients is large, because actionable driver mutations and a correct diagnosis could provide treatment options otherwise not available for patients with these fatal cancers. This study investigated if comprehensive genomic analyses could provide information on the origin of the tumor. Patients and Methods Here we describe a patient whose tumor was misdiagnosed at least three times. Next-generation sequencing, a patient-derived xenograft mouse model, and bioinformatics were used to identify an actionable mutation, predict resistance development to the targeted therapy, and correctly diagnose the origin of the tumor. Transcriptomic classification was benchmarked using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Results Despite the lack of a known primary tumor site and the absence of diagnostic immunohistochemical markers, the origin of the patient’s tumor was established using the novel bioinformatic workflow. This included a mutational signature analysis of the sequenced metastases and comparison of their transcriptomic profiles to a pan-cancer panel of tumors from TCGA. We further discuss the strengths and limitations of the latter approaches in the context of three potentially incorrectly diagnosed TCGA lung tumors. Conclusion Comprehensive genomic analyses can provide information on the origin of tumors in patients with cancer of unknown primary.
Readers and Reading in Cafés, 1660–1800
Authors: Rigogne Thierry 
Published: July 2018

AbstractAs Parisian cafés burst onto the scene, they became a major urban reading space. Eighteenth-century cafés inspired a profusion of images, texts, and archives that highlight practices largely overlooked or thought archaic, such as reading news-related items and topical literature, and reading in public, aloud, for others, in symbiosis with oral discussions or writing. In coffeehouses that functioned as hubs in a complex communication system, reading was fully integrated with other communicative acts. Thus, examining practices in a focused environment paradoxically opens up wider perspectives for the history of reading, within a broader history of communication. Café reading and discussion also contributed powerfully to the creation of public opinion. As eighteenth-century French coffeehouses provided physical spaces where multiple publics formed concurrently to judge events, writings, or people critically, they became metaphorical sites on which contemporaries projected profound anxieties over the rise of political and literary criticism.
On Imposed Interpretation and Chinese Construction of Literary Theory
Authors: Jiang Zhang 
Published: July 2018

AbstractNo doubt twentieth-century Western literary theory has achieved remarkable results and historical advances. But the so-called imposed interpretation is one of its fundamental shortcomings. Imposed interpretation here refers to the practices that deviate from the text and dispel its literary significations. It is characterized by interpreting literary texts with a prepositioned mode of subjective intention in an attempt to reach a conclusion conforming to the critic’s intentions and theoretical doctrines taken off-field and from the critic’s own preconditioned logical cognition. Yet constructing Chinese literary theoretical discourse should discriminate among and examine various contemporary Western literary theories, actively draw on its useful achievements and experiences, and return to Chinese literary practice in an overall way. It is also necessary to adhere to the orientation of nationalization and realize the dialectical unity of external research and internal research.
With Chinese Characteristics
Authors: D’haen Theo 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
The articles at the center of this issue of MLQ, Wang Ning’s “French Theories in China and the Chinese Theoretical (Re)construction,” Zhang Jiang’s “On Imposed Interpretation and Chinese Construction of Literary Theory,” and Zhu Liyuan’s “Hillis Miller on the End of Literature,” address the interchange between Chinese and Western literary theories. What transpires from these essays is that all Western theories, when “traveling” to China, assume “Chinese characteristics,” reflecting changing historical and ideological conditions but also the vector of influence running predominantly from Western theories to Chinese practice. To different degrees, and with varying urgency, all three Chinese scholars lodge a plea for greater recognition of Chinese theories in the West and for Chinese scholarship to construct a theory of its own, rooted in the Chinese tradition. By way of a new translation, with commentary, by Zhang Longxi of a celebrated 1980s article by Qian Zhongshu, the present essay argues that examples of a fruitful use of both Western and Chinese theory and literature already exist and may further put into practice what Wang, Zhang, and Zhu so forcefully call for.
A (Meta)commentary on Western Literary Theories in China: The Case of Jameson and Chinese Jamesonism
Authors: Kang Liu 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
This essay takes Fredric Jameson and Chinese Jamesonism as a case in point to illustrate the Chinese anxiety of influence with Western theory and the battle between (Western) universalism and Chinese exceptionalism. Chinese Jamesonism shows how an eclectic American neo-Marxist academic discourse has been invented in China on selected themes of postmodernism and Third World “national allegory.” However, as a “shadowy but central presence” in Jameson and other Western left theories, Maoism is nearly absent from China’s appropriation of Western theories. A vigorous critique of the relationship between Maoism and Western left theories sheds light on the issues of politics and ideology underlying the Chinese anxiety of influence.
Myc activity is required for maintenance of the neuromesodermal progenitor signalling network and for segmentation clock gene oscillations in mouse
Authors: Mastromina Ioanna , Verrier Laure , Silva Joana Clara , Storey Kate G. , Dale J. Kim 
Published: July 2018

ABSTRACT
The Myc transcriptional regulators are implicated in a range of cellular functions, including proliferation, cell cycle progression, metabolism and pluripotency maintenance. Here, we investigated the expression, regulation and function of the Myc family during mouse embryonic axis elongation and segmentation. Expression of both cMyc (Myc – Mouse Genome Informatics) and MycN in the domains in which neuromesodermal progenitors (NMPs) and underlying caudal pre-somitic mesoderm (cPSM) cells reside is coincident with WNT and FGF signals, factors known to maintain progenitors in an undifferentiated state. Pharmacological inhibition of Myc activity downregulates expression of WNT/FGF components. In turn, we find that cMyc expression is WNT, FGF and Notch protein regulated, placing it centrally in the signalling circuit that operates in the tail end that both sustains progenitors and drives maturation of the PSM into somites. Interfering with Myc function in the PSM, where it displays oscillatory expression, delays the timing of segmentation clock oscillations and thus of somite formation. In summary, we identify Myc as a component that links NMP maintenance and PSM maturation during the body axis elongation stages of mouse embryogenesis.
Three-dimensional induction of dorsal, intermediate and ventral spinal cord tissues from human pluripotent stem cells
Authors: Ogura Takenori , Sakaguchi Hideya , Miyamoto Susumu , Takahashi Jun 
Published: July 2018

ABSTRACTThe spinal cord contains more than 20 distinct subclasses of neurons that form well-organized neural circuits capable of sensing the environment and generating motor behavior. Although recent studies have described the efficient in vitro generation of spinal motor neurons, the induction of the spinal cord as a whole tissue has not been achieved. In the present study, we demonstrate three-dimensional (3D) induction of dorsal spinal cord-like tissues from human pluripotent stem cells. Our 3D spinal cord induction (3-DiSC) condition recapitulates patterning of the developing dorsal spinal cord and enables the generation of four types of dorsal interneuron marker-positive cell populations. By activating Shh signaling, intermediate and ventral spinal cord-like tissues are successfully induced. After dissociation of these tissues, somatosensory neurons and spinal motor neurons are detected and express neurotransmitters in an in vivo manner. Our approach provides a useful experimental tool for the analysis of human spinal cord development and will contribute to research on the formation and organization of the spinal cord, and its application to regenerative medicine.
In vivo analysis of cardiomyocyte proliferation during trabeculation
Authors: Uribe Veronica , Ramadass Radhan , Dogra Deepika , Rasouli S. Javad , Gunawan Felix , Nakajima Hiroyuki , Chiba Ayano , Reischauer Sven , Mochizuki Naoki , Stainier Didier Y. R. 
Published: July 2018

ABSTRACT
Cardiomyocyte proliferation is crucial for cardiac growth, patterning and regeneration; however, few studies have investigated the behavior of dividing cardiomyocytes in vivo. Here, we use time-lapse imaging of beating hearts in combination with the FUCCI system to monitor the behavior of proliferating cardiomyocytes in developing zebrafish. Confirming in vitro observations, sarcomere disassembly, as well as changes in cell shape and volume, precede cardiomyocyte cytokinesis. Notably, cardiomyocytes in zebrafish embryos and young larvae mostly divide parallel to the myocardial wall in both the compact and trabecular layers, and cardiomyocyte proliferation is more frequent in the trabecular layer. While analyzing known regulators of cardiomyocyte proliferation, we observed that the Nrg/ErbB2 and TGFβ signaling pathways differentially affect compact and trabecular layer cardiomyocytes, indicating that distinct mechanisms drive proliferation in these two layers. In summary, our data indicate that, in zebrafish, cardiomyocyte proliferation is essential for trabecular growth, but not initiation, and set the stage to further investigate the cellular and molecular mechanisms driving cardiomyocyte proliferation in vivo.
Simple, yet Efficient Conformational Sampling Methods for Reproducing/Predicting Biologically Rare Events of Proteins
Authors: Harada Ryuhei 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
The biological functions of proteins are strongly related to their conformational transitions. To elucidate the essential dynamics, molecular dynamics (MD) simulation has become a powerful tool. However, it might still be difficult to address the relevant conformational transitions of proteins with the conventional MD (CMD) because the accessible time scales of CMD are far from those of the biological functions. Furthermore, the essential transitions are induced as stochastic processes in the long time scales, i.e. the conformational transitions are regarded as biologically relevant rare events. To reproduce/predict the rare events, we have proposed several enhanced conformational sampling methods. Our strategy to detect the rare events is based on cycles of the following conformational resampling consisting of two steps. (1) Selections of essential initial structures. (2) Restarting of short-time MD simulations from the initial structures. The cycles of conformational resampling increase the transition probabilities, promoting the rare events. In the present article, we review the enhanced conformational sampling methods developed by us, i.e. parallel cascade selection MD (PaCS-MD), fluctuation flooding method (FFM), taboo search algorithm (TBSA), outlier flooding method (OFLOOD), structural dissimilarity sampling (SDS), and self-avoiding conformational sampling (SACS). Furthermore, we introduce representative applications using our methods for several biological systems.
Identifying epidermal growth factor receptor mutation status in patients with lung adenocarcinoma by three-dimensional convolutional neural networks
Authors: Xiong Jun-Feng , Jia Tian-Ying , Li Xiao-Yang , Yu Wen , Xu Zhi-Yong , Cai Xu-Wei , Fu Ling , Zhang Jie , Qin Bin-Jie , Fu Xiao-Long , Zhao Jun 
Published: July 2018

Objective:
Genetic phenotype plays a central role in making treatment decisions of lung adenocarcinoma, especially the tyrosine-kinase-inhibitors-sensitive mutations of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene. We constructed three-dimensional convolutional neural networks (CNN) to analyze underlying patterns in CT images that could indicate that EGFR gene mutation status but are invisible to human eyes.

Methods:
From 2012 to 2015, 503 Chinese patients with lung adenocarcinoma that had underwent surgery were included. Pathological types and EGFR mutation status were tested from surgical resections. EGFR mutations (exon 19 deletion or exon 21 L858R) were found in 215/345 (62.3%) and 91/158 (57.6%) patients in the training and independent validation set, respectively. CT images were taken before any invasive operation. The patients were randomly chosen to train the CNNs or validate the CNNs’ performance. The performance was quantified using area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy.

Results:
The CNNs showed an AUC of 0.776 (range: 0.702–0.849, p&lt; 0.0001) in the independent validation set and a fusion model of CNNs and clinical features (sex and smoking history) showed an AUC of 0.838 (range: 0.778–0.899, p&lt; 0.0001), accuracy of 77.2%, sensitivity of 75.8% and specificity of 79.1% at the best diagnostic decision point.

Conclusion:
The CNN exhibits potential ability to identify EGFR mutation status in patients with lung adenocarcinoma which might help make clinical decisions.

Advances in knowledge:
The CNN showed some diagnostic power and its performance could be further improved by increasing the training set, optimizing the network structure and training strategy. Medical image based CNN has the potential to reflect spatial heterogeneity.