bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
FELDSTEİN- HORİOKA HİPOTEZİNİN YÜKSELEN EKONOMİLERDE SINANMASI: PANEL VERİ ANALİZ
Authors: Ay Ahmet , Özmen İbrahim 
Published: May 2018

ÖZBu çalışmada, yurtiçi tasarruf oranları ile yurtiçi yatırım oranları arasındaki ilişki 1970-2015 dönemi yükselen ülkelerden oluşan 12 ülkelik bir panel veri seti ile yeniden ele alınmıştır. Bu amaçla kısa ve uzun dönem katsayılarını tahmin etmek için panel birim kök, FMOLS, DOLS, CCR ve panel nedensellik veri tahmin yöntemleri kullanılmıştır. Basit regresyon modelinin sonucuna göre tasarruf tutum katsayının değerinin panel genelinde sıfıra yakın olduğu ancak her bir ülke için oldukça faklı sonuçlar içerdiği ortaya konulmuştur. Tahmin sonuçlarına göre tasarruf ile yatırımlar arasında istatistiksel açıdan anlamlı kısa ve uzun dönem ilişkisi tespit edilmiştir. Ek olarak FMOLS, DOLS ve CCR yöntemleri ile elde edilen sonuçlar birbirleri ile tutarlı olup söz konusu dönemde Türkiye için tam bir sermaye hareketliliğinden bahsedilmesi mümkün gözükmemektedirAnahtar
Kelimeler: Feldstein- Horioka Hipotezi, Yatırım, Tasarruf, Panel Veri.Jel Kodları:
TÜRK BANKACILIK SEKTÖRÜNDE ETKİNLİK VE VERİMLİLİK ANALİZİNİN VERİ ZARFLAMA YÖNTEMİ İLE İNCELENMESİ: 2013- 2015 DÖNEMİ UYGULAMASI
Authors: Özel Nazlı Gamze , Şahin İbrahim Erem , Göral Ramazan 
Published: May 2018

ÖZBu çalışmanın amacı, Türk Bankacılık sektöründe faaliyet gösteren ticari bankaların Veri Zarflama Analizi ve Malmquist Toplam Faktör Verimliliği Endeksi yardımıyla etkinlik ve verimlilik analizinin yapılmasıdır. Bu amaçla Türk bankacılık sektöründe 2013-2015 yılları arasında aralıksız faaliyet gösteren 16 adet ticari bankanın etkinlikleri VZA ile ölçülerek, Malmquist Verimlilik Endeksi yardımıyla yıllar bazında etkinliklerinde bir gelişme olup olmadığı incelenmiştir. Çalışmada, girdi odaklı CCR modeli uygulanarak, ölçeğe göre sabit getiri varsayımı altında karar verme birimlerinin toplam etkinlik değerleri hesaplanmıştır. Bu doğrultuda üç adet girdi ve iki adet çıktı değişkeni seçilmiştir. Etkinliğin ölçümünde girdi değişkenleri olarak, toplam mevduat/toplam aktifler(%), faiz giderleri/toplam aktifler(%), diğer faaliyet giderleri/toplam aktifler(%) kullanılmıştır. Çıktı değişkenleri olarak ise, toplam krediler ve alacaklar/toplam aktifler(%), faiz gelirleri/toplam aktifler(%) kullanılmıştır. Analiz DEAP 2.1. (Data Envelopment Analysis Program) paket programı kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Aracılık yaklaşımı benimsenerek oluşturulan girdi ve çıktı bileşenlerine dair yapılan analiz sonuçlarına göre; 2013 yılında teknik olarak etkin olan ticari banka sayısının dokuz tane olduğu görülürken, 2014 yılında teknik olarak etkin ticari banka sayısı dokuz olup, bu sayı 2015 yılında ona çıkmıştır. Ortalama etkinlik derecelerine bakıldığında 2013 yılında %93.5, 2014 yılında %93.3 ve 2015 yılında ise %96 olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Bu sonuçlara göre 2013-2015 yıllarını kapsayan dönemde çalışmaya dahil edilen ticari bankaların etkinlik düzeyleri yüksek çıkarken son yılda bir artış sağlanmıştır. Ayrıca toplam verimlilikleri açısından yıllara göre bir gelişme gözlenmiştir. Anahtar
Kelimeler: Veri Zarflama Analizi, Türk Bankacılık Sektörü, Malmquist Toplam Faktör Verimliliği Endeksi Jel Kodları: D24, G21
ÖRGÜT KÜLTÜRÜ TİPLERİNİN KARİYER TATMİNİNE ETKİSİNDE LİDER-ÜYE ETKİLEŞİMİNİN ARACILIK ETKİSİ TEKSTİL İŞLETMELERİNDE BİR UYGULAMA
Authors: Gün Gül 
Published: May 2018

ÖZETÖrgütlerin
güçlü kalıcı bir örgüt kültürü yaratarak müşteri memnuniyeti ve ürün hizmet
kalitesini yüksek tutmaya çalıştığı günümüzün rekabetçi ortamında örgütler
sundukları destekler ve imkânlarla çalışanlarını bünyelerinde tutmaya devam
edebilmektedirler. Tekstil sektörü işletmelerinin başarısında insan kaynağının
rolünün ve öneminin her geçen gün daha fazla artmasıyla birlikte ön plana çıkan
konulardan birisi de kariyer tatminidir. Kariyer tatmini bireysel olarak kişilerin
kariyer hedef ve beklentilerindeki başarı ile buluşmalarını içerir. Burada
kişilere sunulan ya da verilen kaynaklar ve özellikle maddi anlamda desteklerin
önemi büyüktür. Kariyer tatminine ilişkin
araştırmalarda, kariyer tatmininin artan önemine ve kariyer tatminini etkileyen
çok sayıda faktöre vurgu yapılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada da, kariyer tatminini
doğrudan etkileyen örgüt kültür tipleri ile bu etkide lider-üye etkileşiminin
aracılık rolü incelenmiştir. Bu amaçla, Bitlis ilinde faaliyet gösteren tekstil
işletmelerinin 392 çalışanından anket tekniği ile veri toplanmıştır. Hiyerarşik
regresyon analizi sonucu, örgüt kültürü tiplerinin, hem kariyer tatmini (KM)
hem de lider-üye etkileşimi (LÜE) üzerinde doğrudan etkisi olduğu tespit
edilmiştir. Ayrıca, lider-üye etkileşiminin kariyer tatmini üzerinde aracılık
etkisi olduğu belirlenmiştir.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Örgüt Kültür Tipleri, Kariyer Tatmini, Lider-üye Etkileşimi,
Tekstil İşletmeleri, BitlisJel Kodları: M 10

[1] Munzur Üniversitesi, İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler
Fakültesi, Yönetim ve Organizasyon Bölümü ,Yrd.Doç.Dr, , e-mail:gulgun@munzur.edu.tr
Strategi Coping: Teori Dan Sumberdayanya
Authors: Maryam Siti 
Published: May 2018

Coping behavior is defined as individuals’ transactions to cope with the various demands (internal and external). Coping strategies aim to address the situation and demands which pressing, challenging, taxing and exceed the resources (resources). Coping resources affects the coping strategies that will be done in addressing the issue. The aim of this article was to explore further coping stategies mentioned by several scholars, including Stuart and Sundeen (1991), Lazarus and Folkman (1984), as well as Friedman (1998). Method used was literature review. Result found that coping strategies have two basic forms, namely problem focused form of coping mechanism/direct action and emotion focused of coping/palliative form
STRATEGI LAYANAN BIMBINGAN DAN KONSELING DALAM PENGEMBANGAN NILAI KARAKTER RELIGIUS
Authors: Safitri Nindiya Eka , Novirizka Hasan Sitti Ummi 
Published: May 2018

This article aims to describe the strategy of guidance and counseling services to development of the value of religious character. Character of religious desperately needed by the students to face the moral degradation, in order to they were able to have and behave with good and bad measure based on the provisions and statutes religion. The role of guidance and counseling as well as a service psychoeducative integral part of character education in schools is needed in the development of religious character. Strategy of guidance and counseling services that can be provided is a basic service such as the assessment of service needs, guidance classical, group counseling, and the use of innovative media; responsive service in the form of group counseling and individual counseling, as well as system support services in the form of collaboration between teacher guidance and counseling with religious teachers, religious leaders and parents, as well as the lack of research on the religious character by the teacher guidance and counseling. Religious character development do not all involve students but also pay attention to the surrounding environment and communities.
ВЗАЄМОЗВ’ЯЗОК ДЕСТРУКТИВНИХ ПСИХІЧНИХ СТАНІВ ПРАЦІВНИКІВ УСТАНОВ ВИКОНАННЯ ПОКАРАНЬ З ПРОФЕСІЙНИМ ВИГОРАННЯМ ТА ПРОФЕСІЙНОЮ ДЕФОРМАЦІЄЮ
Authors: Chychuha Maryna 
Published: May 2018

У статті проаналізовано взаємозв’язки деструктивних психічних станів працівників соціально-психологічної служби установ виконання покарань з компонентами професійного вигорання та професійною деформацією.
Зазначено, що за результатами емпіричного дослідження у працівників СПС УВП виявлено ситуативну та особистісну тривожність, напругу, страх, середній рівень професійного вигорання. Досліджено початковий рівень професійної деформації в осіб, які працюють в УВП менше 5 років та середній ступінь в працівників зі стажем служби в УВП більше 5 років.
Виявлено кореляційні зв’язки ситуативної та особистісної тривожності, а також напруги з професійним вигоранням працівників соціально-психологічної служби установ виконання покарань, які свідчать, що при підвищенні тривожності та напруги підвищується рівень професійного вигорання. Встановлено прямі кореляційні зв’язки між ситуативною тривожністю та професійною деформацією у респондентів, які працюють в УВП більше 3 років. Зазначено, що при підвищенні стану тривоги в респондентів підвищується рівень професійної деформації.
Study on the Performance Characteristics of Sequencing Batch Membrane Bioreactor for Distributed Treatment of Domestic Wastewater
Authors: Cheng Gong , Dwivedi Amarendra Dhar , Fu Jie 
Published: May 2018

A large amount of domestic wastewater is produced in our daily life. To sustainably use the urban domestic wastewater in the residential area and develop the equipment for distributed domestic wastewater treatment, the present work carried out a pilot study on the treatment of domestic wastewater by sequencing batch membrane bioreactor (SBMBR). Under the conditions of 20 L/h·m2 of average water flux, and 2 h/3 h of anaerobic/aerobic period, the SBMBR process showed a good treatment effect with a good quality of effluent (<50 mg/L of chemical oxygen demand (COD), <5 mg/L of ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N), <15 mg/L of total nitrogen (TN), <2.6 NTU of turbidity, 96.9% of color removal and 99.9% of bacteria removal). The aeration quantity had a certain degree of impact on the removal of COD and the optimum aeration rate was 13.9 m3/m3·h considering both the effectiveness and cost. When the SBMBR was continuously operated for 40 days, the transmembrane pressure reached 50 kPa and the membrane needed to clean. The hydrochloric acid (pH ≈ 2) was a suitable cleaning agent and the membrane was almost completely restored after cleaning.
Radio Frequency Modeling of Receive Coil Arrays for Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Stumpf Christopher , Malzacher Matthias , Schmidt Lorenz-Peter 
Published: May 2018

The numerical calculation of the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) coil arrays is a powerful tool in the development of new coil arrays. The proposed method describes a complete model that allows the calculation of the absolute SNR values of arbitrary coil arrays, including receiver chain components. A new method for the SNR calculation of radio frequency receive coil arrays for MRI is presented, making use of their magnetic B 1 − transmit pattern and the S-parameters of the network. The S-parameters and B 1 − fields are extracted from an electromagnetic field solver and are post-processed using our developed model to provide absolute SNR values. The model includes a theory for describing the noise of all components in the receiver chain and the noise figure of a pre-amplifier by a simple passive two-port network. To validate the model, two- and four-element receive coil arrays are investigated. The SNR of the examined arrays is calculated and compared to measurement results using imaging of a saline water phantom in a 3 T scanner. The predicted values of the model are in good agreement with the measured values. The proposed method can be used to predict the absolute SNR for any receive coil array by calculating the transmit B 1 − pattern and the S-parameters of the network. Knowledge of the components of the receiver chain including pre-amplifiers leads to satisfactory results compared to measured values, which proves the method to be a useful tool in the development process of MRI receive coil arrays.
Reconnection in the Post-impulsive Phase of Solar Flares
Authors: Forbes Terry G. , Seaton Daniel B. , Reeves Katharine K. 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Using a recently developed analytical procedure, we determine the rate of magnetic reconnection in the “standard” model of eruptive solar flares. During the late phase, the neutral line is located near the lower tip of the reconnection current sheet, and the upper region of the current sheet is bifurcated into a pair of Petschek-type shocks. Despite the presence of these shocks, the reconnection rate remains slow if the resistivity is uniform and the flow is laminar. Fast reconnection is achieved only if there is some additional mechanism that can shorten the length of the diffusion region at the neutral line. Observations of plasma flows by the X-ray telescope on Hinode imply that the diffusion region is, in fact, quite short. Two possible mechanisms for reducing the length of the diffusion region are localized resistivity and MHD turbulence.
Swift Observations of Mrk 421 in Selected Epochs. II. An Extreme Spectral Flux Variability in 2009–2012
Authors: Kapanadze B. , Vercellone S. , Romano P. , Hughes P. , Aller M. , Aller H. , Kharshiladze O. , Tabagari L. 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
We present the results from a detailed spectral and timing study of Mrk 421 based on the rich archival Swift data obtained during 2009–2012. Best fits of the 0.3–10 keV spectra were mostly obtained using the log-parabolic model showing the relatively low spectral curvature that is expected in the case of efficient stochastic acceleration of particles. The position of the synchrotron spectral energy density peak E
p of 173 spectra is found at energies higher than 2 keV. The photon index at 1 keV exhibited a very broad range of values a = 1.51–3.02, and very hard spectra with a < 1.7 were observed during the strong X-ray flares, hinting at a possible hadronic jet component. The spectral parameters varied on diverse timescales and showed a correlation in some periods, which is expected in the case of first- and second-order Fermi acceleration. The 0.3–10 keV flux showed strong X-ray flaring activity by a factor of 3–17 on timescales of a few days–weeks between the lowest historical state and that corresponding to a rate higher than 100 cts s−1. Moreover, 113 instances of intraday variability were revealed, exhibiting shortest flux-doubling/halving times of about 1.2 hr, as well as brightenings by 7%–24% in 180–720 s and declines by 68%–22% in 180–900 s. The X-ray and very high-energy fluxes generally showed a correlated variability, although one incidence of a more complicated variability was also detected, indicating that the multifrequency emission of Mrk 421 could not be generated in a single zone.
The Charge State of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons across a Reflection Nebula, an H ii Region, and a Planetary Nebula
Authors: Boersma C. , Bregman J. , Allamandola L. J. 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Low-resolution Spitzer-IRS spectral map data of a reflection nebula (NGC 7023), H ii region (M17), and planetary nebula (NGC 40), totaling 1417 spectra, are analyzed using the data and tools available through the NASA Ames PAH IR Spectroscopic Database. The polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) emission is broken down into PAH charge and size subclass contributions using a database-fitting approach. The resulting charge breakdown results are combined with those derived using the traditional PAH band strength ratio approach, which interprets particular PAH band strength ratios as proxies for PAH charge. Here the 6.2/11.2 μm PAH band strength ratio is successfully calibrated against its database equivalent: the

ratio. In turn, this ratio is converted into the PAH ionization parameter, which relates it to the strength of the radiation field, gas temperature, and electron density. Population diagrams are used to derive the

density and temperature. The bifurcated plot of the 8.6 versus 11.2 μm PAH band strength for the northwest photo dissociation region in NGC 7023 is shown to be a robust diagnostic template for the

ratio in all three objects. Template spectra for the PAH charge and size subclasses are determined for each object and shown to favorably compare. Using the determined template spectra from NGC 7023 to fit the emission in all three objects yields, upon inspection of the Structure SIMilarity maps, satisfactory results. The choice of extinction curve proves to be critical. Concluding, the distinctly different astronomical environments of a reflection nebula, H ii region, and planetary nebula are reflected in their PAH emission spectra.
Absorption by Spinning Dust: A Contaminant for High-redshift 21 cm Observations
Authors: Draine B. T. , Miralda-Escudé Jordi 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Spinning dust grains in front of the bright Galactic synchrotron background can produce a weak absorption signal that could affect measurements of high-redshift 21 cm absorption. At frequencies near 80 MHz where the Experiment to Detect the Global EoR Signature (EDGES) has reported 21 cm absorption at

z
≈
17

, absorption could be produced by interstellar nanoparticles with radii

a
≈
50

Å

in the cold interstellar medium (ISM), with rotational temperature T ≈ 50 K. Atmospheric aerosols could contribute additional absorption. The strength of the absorption depends on the abundance of such grains and on their dipole moments, which are uncertain. The breadth of the absorption spectrum of spinning dust limits its possible impact on measurement of a relatively narrow 21 cm absorption feature.
CD71+ Erythroid Suppressor Cells Promote Fetomaternal Tolerance through Arginase-2 and PDL-1
Authors: Delyea Cole , Bozorgmehr Najmeh , Koleva Petya , Dunsmore Garett , Shahbaz Shima , Huang Vivian , Elahi Shokrollah 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Survival of the allogeneic pregnancy depends on the maintenance of immune tolerance to paternal alloantigens at the fetomaternal interface. Multiple localized mechanisms contribute to the fetal evasion from the mother’s immune rejection as the fetus is exposed to a wide range of stimulatory substances such as maternal alloantigens, microbes and amniotic fluids. In this article, we demonstrate that CD71+ erythroid cells are expanded at the fetomaternal interface and in the periphery during pregnancy in both humans and mice. These cells exhibit immunosuppressive properties, and their abundance is associated with a Th2 skewed immune response, as their depletion results in a proinflammatory immune response at the fetomaternal interface. In addition to their function in suppressing proinflammatory responses in vitro, maternal CD71+ erythroid cells inhibit an aggressive allogeneic response directed against the fetus such as reduction in TNF-α and IFN-γ production through arginase-2 activity and PD-1/programmed death ligand-1 (PDL-1) interactions. Their depletion leads to the failure of gestation due to the immunological rejection of the fetus. Similarly, fetal liver CD71+ erythroid cells exhibit immunosuppressive activity. Therefore, immunosuppression mediated by CD71+ erythroid cells on both sides (mother/fetus) is crucial for fetomaternal tolerance. Thus, our results reveal a previously unappreciated role for CD71+ erythroid cells in pregnancy and indicate that these cells mediate homeostatic immunosuppressive/immunoregulatory responses during pregnancy.
Effect of Trainee Performance Data on Standard-Setting Judgments Using the Mastery Angoff Method
Authors: Prenner Stuart B. , McGaghie William C. , Chuzi Sarah , Cantey Eric , Didwania Aashish , Barsuk Jeffrey H. 
Published: May 2018

ABSTRACT

Background
Mastery learning in health professions education requires learners to learn and undergo assessment until they demonstrate a high level of competence. Setting defensible standards is key to accurately assessing educational outcomes in mastery learning. The Mastery Angoff method was proposed recently to set a minimum passing standard (MPS) for mastery learning curricula. However, it is unknown whether prior knowledge of trainee performance affects judges' decisions about setting an MPS using the Mastery Angoff method.

Objective
We sought to determine the effect of introducing baseline data about trainee performance on faculty judges' decisions about the Mastery Angoff MPS for a written examination.

Methods
We developed a mastery learning curriculum to train internal medicine residents and cardiology fellows about the correct interpretation of inpatient telemetry monitoring. All learners were required to meet or exceed an MPS on a 35-item written examination at the end of training. The MPS was set in 2017 by judges who used the item-based Mastery Angoff method without prior examinee performance information. The judges subsequently reevaluated the test items after receiving baseline data about trainee performance collected during pilot testing. Mastery Angoff MPSs with and without baseline performance data were compared.

Results
Twelve judges participated in the standard-setting exercise. The initial MPS was similar to the repeat MPS set after judges received trainee performance data (86.2% versus 86.9%, P = .23).

Conclusions
Prior knowledge about medical trainee performance data did not affect MPS as determined by the Mastery Angoff procedure.
Democracy and taxation
Authors: Balamatsias Pavlos 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
In this paper, the author argues that democracies increase tax revenues, based on the hypothesis that democracies increase direct and indirect taxes due to increased taxpayers’ compliance, diffusion of taxes between democracies and because voters in poor democracies are in favour of import taxes. The author tests this hypothesis using data on 74 countries from 1993 to 2012. His explanatory variable is a dichotomous democracy measure, but he alters his analysis from previous research by assuming that democracy is not an exogenous variable. Instead, he uses the theory of Huntington (The third wave: Democratization in the late twentieth century, 1991) and the methodology of Acemoglu et al. (Democracy does cause growth, 2014) about democratization waves. According to this theory, democratizations occur in regional waves; consequently, diffusion of demand for or discontent with a political system is easier to happen in neighbouring countries due to economic, political and historical similarities. This measure shows us that demand for or discontent with a given political system in a geographical area, influences a country’s political system and its tax choices. Using a 2SLS fixed effects model the author finds that democratization waves positively affect democracy, and in turn democracy increases direct and indirect taxes. These results remain the same using several robustness tests.