bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Engineering Photocarrier Redistributions in Graphene/III‐V Quantum Dot Mixed‐Dimensional Heterostructures for Radiative Recombination Enhancements
Authors: Chu Rafael Jumar , Lung Quang Nhat Dang , Laryn Tsimafei , Choi Won Jun , Jung Daehwan 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIntegration of graphene and quantum dots (QD) is a promising route to improved material and device functionalities. Underlying the improved properties are alterations in carrier dynamics within the graphene/QD heterostructure. In this study, it is shown that graphene functions as a carrier redistribution and supply channel when integrated with InAs QDs. Photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy provides evidence that graphene modifies the redistribution, escape, and recombination dynamics of carriers in the InAs QD ensemble, which ultimately leads to enhanced radiative recombinations at all temperatures and excitation densities probed. It is also shown that the PL enhancement from the graphene/InAs QD heterostructure is greatest with a thin GaAs cap and at higher temperatures where devices operate. This study advances the understanding of graphene/QD heterostructures and can aid the design of mixed‐dimensional optoelectronic devices.
Nucleophilic Sn Seeding and Interface Engineering for Highly Stable Sodium Metal Batteries
Authors: Ali Zeeshan , Shafqat Muhammad Burhan , Ahsan Muhammad Tayyab , Li Shibo , Zhao Wanting , Hou Yanglong 
Published: November 2024

AbstractSodium metal is a promising anode material for energy storage beyond lithium‐ion batteries due to its abundance and low cost. However, the uncontrolled growth of dendrites and associated safety concerns have limited the practical application of sodium metal batteries (SMBs). By embedding nucleophilic tin seeds in a free‐standing carbon film (FSF), here, an effective solution is developed to stabilize the sodium metal anode. The highly conductive and porous carbon matrix, intimately embedded with abundant Sn seeds (C@Sn), enables remarkably uniform sodium plating, and provides long‐term stability for SMBs. Mechanistic studies confirm the formation of an Na─Sn alloy on interface which helps to lower the nucleation barrier for sodium plating. Hence, symmetric sodium cells equipped with C@Sn FSFs can sustain uninterrupted sodium plating and stripping for almost 2600 h at a high areal capacity of 4 mA h cm−2, achieving an average Coulombic efficiency (CE) of 99.88%. In addition, full cells prepared with commercial Na3V2(PO4)3 cathode and C@Sn‐FSFs anode deliver remarkable cycling (90 mA h g−1 beyond 1300 cycles at 1C) and excellent rate performance. This ingenious strategy of embedding Sn particles within a carbon matrix offers an overall compelling solution to enhance the longevity of sodium anodes.
Isoreticular Squaraine‐Linked Titanium‐Organic Frameworks for Photocatalytic Water Splitting to Hydrogen Under Visible Light
Authors: Yang Le , Yang Huaizhi , Wang Zejin , Han Susu , Tian Liyi , Wang Ying , Zou Zhigang 
Published: November 2024

AbstractInspired by the excellent photocatalytic activity of TiO2, titanium metal‐organic frameworks (Ti‐MOFs) with broad absorption of visible light are regarded as promising photocatalysts, but carboxylate‐linkers used in them are mainly limited to the large extended π‐electron systems. Developing Ti‐MOFs using organic linkers with a donor–acceptor–donor (D–A–D) structure is expected to improve their charge separation but is still challenging. Herein the design of two new isoreticular Ti‐MOFs, Ti6‐SQ1 and Ti6‐SQ2 are reported, by using squaraines bearing different electron donors as organic linkers. Discrete fourier transform (DFT) calculations demonstrate that ligand‐to‐metal charge transfer (LMCT) from the acceptor units of squaraines to the Ti6‐oxo secondary building units (SBUs) drives the photocatalytic water splitting to hydrogen reaction. Compared with Ti6‐SQ2, the shorter distance between the squaraine centers and the Ti6‐oxo SBUs in Ti6‐SQ1 makes stronger LMCT, showing higher photocatalytic hydrogen evolution efficiency of 11.5 mmol g−1 h−1 under visible light (λ > 420 nm), which is ≈8 times that of Ti‐based MOF photocatalysts reported so far. This work provides a new strategy to design Ti‐MOF photocatalysts and understand their structure‐property relationship.
Grid‐Like Structured Sb@DNC Anode by Self‐Sacrificial Etching for Fast and Durable Sodium Storage
Authors: Wang Guang , Li Qinghua , Zhang Wei , Liang Zhixin , Wang Junling , Lin Zeyu , Huang Zhijiao , Xie Sike , Xu Jinbao , Huang Shaoming 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAlloying‐type materials are promising anodes for sodium storage due to high specific capacities and appropriate redox potentials, but their practical application is impeded by rapid capacity decay from volume change during sodium ion insertion/extraction. Hence, a dual‐type N‐doped carbon‐confined antimony (Sb) nanoparticle (Sb@DNC, where DNC contains an outer N‐doped carbon armor and an inner N‐doped grid‐like carbon skeleton) anode material is fabricated via a self‐sacrificial etching strategy to address this challenge. Specifically, the dual‐type N‐doped carbon matrix can prevent the agglomeration and precipitation of Sb particles, increase a large number of reactive active sites, alleviate severe volume expansion/contraction, and construct a highly interconnected electron/ion transport network. Benefiting from the exquisite structure, the Sb@DNC electrode exhibits excellent cycling stability (2400 cycles at 1.0 A g−1) and astonishing high‐rate performance (331.0 mAh g−1 at 10.0 A g−1). Additionally, the state‐of‐the‐art in/ex situ technologies reveals the sodium storage mechanism of the “battery‐capacitance dual‐mode” and the origin of the ability to withstand continuous volumetric strain for the Sb@DNC electrode. Finally, the derived sodium‐ion full cell presents outstanding practical potential. This work emphasizes the great significance of rational structural engineering strategies in the field of alloy‐type anode materials for high‐performance sodium‐ion batteries.
Complex‐mediated nucleophilic aromatic substitution with aryl nitriles to realize intramolecular flapping‐restricted D‐A AIEgens for bioimaging
Authors: Liu Feng , Liu Junkai , Gong Junyi , Lin Runfeng , Qiu Siyuan , Liu Zicheng , Li Chongyang , Meng Miao , Li Shijie , Tu Mei , Lam Jacky W. Y. , Niu Guangle , Chen Ming 
Published: November 2024

AbstractDonor‐acceptor (D‐A) compounds are particularly important in optoelectronic and biological applications. However, they are normally synthesized in the presence of transition metal catalysts. Herein, we report a metal‐free method by a complex‐mediated nucleophilic aromatic substitution of aryl nitriles with amines. The method can lead to rich D‐A type aggregation‐induced emission luminogens (AIEgens) with tunable properties. They emit from deep‐blue to yellow‐green and possess high photoluminescence quantum yields up to 70.5% in the aggregate state. Interestingly, the suppression of intramolecular flapping is proved to play an indispensable role in the AIE behavior, which is different from the mechanism met in other AIEgens. Moreover, the biocompatible AIEgens possess specific staining of lipid droplets in HeLa cells and the superiority of identifying fatty liver over traditional Oil Red O staining is exhibited.
Effect of pore solution alkalinity on alkali–silica reaction (ASR) in metakaolin‐based geopolymer
Authors: Lei Jiawei , Kumar Dhanendra , Yang En‐Hua 
Published: November 2024

AbstractGeopolymer concretes have shown better resistance against alkali–silica reaction (ASR) than ordinary Portland cement concretes, which was attributed to the low pore solution alkalinity of the geopolymer. However, the alkalinity of the geopolymer pore solution depends on the concentration and volume of the activating solutions used and age of the geopolymer. The main objective of this study was to investigate the effects of pore solution alkalinity on the ASR expansion of the metakaolin‐based geopolymer concrete. The chemistry of the pore solution of metakaolin‐based geopolymer was studied, and its reaction with reactive and non‐reactive aggregates was investigated. The concrete prism expansion tests showed no ASR‐induced expansion in geopolymer despite sufficient pore solution alkalinity to attack the reactive aggregates. The SEM and XRD characterizations confirmed that no ASR‐related gel was formed during the reaction between reactive aggregates and extracted pore solution. The chemical structure of the reaction product between aggregates and pore solution was characterized using MAS NMR and revealed no difference in the reaction products with reactive and non‐reactive aggregates. The results suggest that the pore solution alkalinity is not the sole governing parameter for ASR expansion in the geopolymer.
Progress in molecular systematics of Caprifoliaceae
Authors: Wang Guo‐Qing , Morales‐Briones Diego F. , Landis Jacob B. , Wang Hong‐Xin , Wang Hua‐Feng 
Published: November 2024

AbstractCaprifoliaceae sensu APG IV shows a disjunctive distribution between Eurasia and America, and is an excellent study system for exploring the formation of species with an Eurasian–North American disjunct distribution. Due to widespread hybridization and introgression in Caprifoliaceae sensu APG IV as well as morphological convergence and discontinuous distribution of species, the phylogenetic relationships among subfamilies and the systematic positions of some genera have yet to be fully resolved. Therefore, we present an overview of the classification and molecular phylogenetic studies of Caprifoliaceae sensu APG IV in recent years, aiming to provide a reference for the systematic classification of Caprifoliaceae sensu APG IV and to facilitate discussions of problems and directions of systematic studies in the family.
A Review on Chemistry and Methods of Synthesis of 1,2,4‐Triazole Derivatives
Authors: Couto Rodrigues Searitha , Silva Moratório de Moraes Raphael , Tavares de Almeida Pinto Gabriel , Miranda Martins Maria Tereza , Antunes do Nascimento Patrick , Alves Soares Deivid Lucas , Mestre Botelho Ana Beatriz , Cardoso Cruz Camille , Cunha Anna Claudia 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis review provides a comprehensive overview of research on 1,2,4‐triazoles conducted over the last fifteen years. 1,2,4‐Triazoles are highly significant in the pharmaceutical industry, with numerous compounds from this class used clinically as antifungal, antiviral, antibacterial, anti‐inflammatory, and antitubercular agents. Beyond their pharmaceutical relevance, this review also explores their role in material science and agriculture. In material science, 1,2,4‐triazoles are gaining prominence, particularly in the development of energetic materials (EMs), due to their exceptional properties such as thermal stability, coordination ability, and performance comparable to well‐known explosives. Their applications extend to polymers, corrosion inhibitors, and metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs), and they play a significant role in the development of functional materials for sensors, catalysis, and energy storage. Additionally, the review addresses general aspects and synthetic methodologies for the functionalization and construction of the 1,2,4‐triazole ring. Synthetic methods discussed include metalation synthesis, cyclization of hydrazine derivatives, multicomponent reactions, cyclization of amides and amidines, and microwave‐assisted synthesis. Given the significance of the triazole scaffold, its synthesis has garnered considerable attention due to its wide‐ranging applications across various industrial sectors.
Cattaneo‐Christov model for cross nanofluid with Soret and Dufour effects under endothermic/exothermic reactions: a modified Buongiorno tetra‐hybrid nanofluid approach
Authors: Sajid Tanveer , Bilal Muhammad , Altamirano Gilder Cieza 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe previous researchers used a slightly different version of the Buongiorno hybrid nanofluid (BHNF) concept. In the existing research, there is not a single effort that was undertaken to explore the effect that tetra hybrid nanoparticles (tethnf) implanted with the BHNF model have on liquid movement that is then exposed to an elastic sheet. This endeavor focuses on researching the implication of a modified Buongiorno tetra hybrid cross nanofluid concept on magnetized radiative cross nanofluid transport, along with impacts such as Cattaneo–Christov heat flux and Cattaneo–Christov mass flux, variable thermal conductivity, diffusion‐thermo and thermo‐diffusion effects, and endothermic/exothermic type chain reactions. This approach integrates both Buongiorno and tethnf. By inserting similar variables, the controlling model partial differential equations have been transformed into dimensionless Ordinary differential equations. These equations are then treated computationally with the help of the Lobatto III A technique. The MATLAB computer program is used to produce simulation solutions, as well as the findings, which are displayed in the form of graphs and tables. Based on the results that have been gathered, it was discovered that the speed of heat delivery increases when there is an increase in the speed of an endothermic reaction. When the Dufour and thermal relaxation factors are increased, the speed at which heat is transmitted also increases. The fluid viscosity becomes more pronounced as a result of an increase in the viscosity index n, the Weissenberg number We, and the magnetic field M, all of which contribute to a reduction in the velocity distribution. A progressive change in the radiation parameters Rd, Dufour effect, and thermal conductivity which magnifies Nusselt number causes an increase in the heat delivery rate, which in turn amplifies Nusselt number.
Spoken Dialogue Technology for Semi-Autonomous Cybernetic Avatars
Authors: Kawahara Tatsuya , Saruwatari Hiroshi , Higashinaka Ryuichiro , Komatani Kazunori , Lee Akinobu 
Published: November 2024

AbstractSpeech technology has made significant advances with the introduction of deep learning and large datasets, enabling automatic speech recognition and synthesis at a practical level. Dialogue systems and conversational AI have also achieved dramatic advances based on the development of large language models. However, the application of these technologies to humanoid robots remains challenging because such robots must operate in real time and in the real world. This chapter reviews the current status and challenges of spoken dialogue technology for communicative robots and virtual agents. Additionally, we present a novel framework for the semi-autonomous cybernetic avatars investigated in this study.
Perspektiven auf das Lebensende: eine systematische Erhebung bei Patienten mit amyotropher Lateralsklerose
Authors: Eickhoff Clemens , Schöne-Seifert Bettina , Kettemann Dagmar , Bormann Eike , Grehl Torsten , Boentert Matthias , Koch Jan C. , Schmitt Carolina , Schrank Bertold , Schröter Carsten , Meyer Thomas 
Published: November 2024

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Die amyotrophe Lateralsklerose (ALS) ist eine Erkrankung, die weiterhin vorwiegend symptomatisch bzw. palliativ behandelt werden muss. Umso wichtiger ist es, neben der Initiierung von Therapien wie Perkutane endoskopische Gastrostomie (PEG), nichtinvasiver Beatmungstherapie (NIBT), invasiver Beatmungstherapie mit Tracheotomie (IBT), beizeiten über die mögliche Beendigung dieser Maßnahmen zu sprechen.

Fragestellung
Welche Bedeutung haben Patientenverfügungen für die Betroffenen und wo liegen eventuelle Defizite der Therapieplanung für das Lebensende?

Material und Methode
An sechs Behandlungszentren wurden im Zeitraum zwischen März 2017 und Januar 2019 Patienten mit der klinisch sicheren Diagnose ALS gebeten, einen Fragebogen auszufüllen. Insgesamt haben 328 Personen diese Bögen ausgefüllt zurückgegeben.

Ergebnisse
Insgesamt 72 % der Befragten besaßen eine Patientenverfügung (PV), 25 % planten eine solche auszufüllen, lediglich 3 % lehnten dies ab. Beim Verfassen der PV hatten die meisten Patienten (90 %) Unterstützung erhalten, bei 56 % fand jedoch keine ärztliche Beratung statt und lediglich 18 % hatten ihre Verfügung gemeinsam mit Arzt und Angehörigen erstellt, wobei sich die Mehrzahl eine Unterstützung auch durch einen Arzt gewünscht hätte. 37 % aller Patienten wünschten sich einen Ansprechpartner, um über ihre Erkrankung zu sprechen, lediglich 40 % von diesen hatten einen solchen Ansprechpartner. 22 % aller Patienten gaben an, einen Suizid erwogen zu haben. Von diesen gaben 55 % an, keinen Ansprechpartner für die psychische Belastung durch die Erkrankung zu haben; 31 % gaben aber an, dass sie gerne einen Ansprechpartner hätten.

Diskussion und Schlussfolgerung
Eine koordinierte Versorgung von ALS-Patienten, die auch die psychosozialen Aspekte in den Blick nimmt, ist dringend erforderlich.
Temperature-dependent optical absorption spectroscopy of ion irradiated silicon carbide epilayers on silicon
Authors: Costantini Jean-Marc , Guillaumet Maxime , Lelong Gérald 
Published: November 2024

AbstractTransmission optical absorption spectra of ion-irradiated 3C-SiC epitaxial films on a silicon substrate are measured in the visible-near infrared range from room temperature down to about 10 K. These data show strong interference fringe patterns on top of the silicon absorption edge at about 10,460 cm1 which limits the transmittance of the samples. The radiation damage by 2.3-MeV Si+ and 3.0-MeV Kr+ ions is studied by following the impact of ion irradiation on these transmission spectra as a function of ion fluence and at various temperatures. The temperature dependence of the optical gap of silicon is deduced from the evolution of the fundamental absorption edge and that of the refractive index of SiC is deduced from the evolution of fringe spacing. The low temperature measurements evidence the shrinkage of band gap of silicon which is assigned to the gradual amorphization of the ion-implanted zone of the substrate as a function of fluence. These new results bridge a gap in the data on the properties of ion-induced damage in silicon carbide and silicon.
Evaluating transurethral resection of the prostate over twenty years: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials
Authors: Porto Joao G. , Bhatia Ansh M. , Bhat Abhishek , Suarez Arbelaez Maria Camila , Blachman-Braun Ruben , Shah Khushi , Malpani Ankur , Lopategui Diana , Herrmann Thomas R. W. , Marcovich Robert , Shah Hemendra N. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The goal of this systematic review is to assess the temporal changes in outcomes and complications of transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) from 2000 to 2022.

Methods
We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of 103 randomized clinical trials from PubMed on TURP, involving 8521 patients. Studies were grouped by years: 2000–2004, 2005–2009, 2010–2014, and 2015–2022. We assessed International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), Peak Flow (Qmax), Post-void residue of urine (PVR), and post-operative complications. Heterogeneity was ranked as low (I2 < 25%), moderate (I2 = 25–75%), or high (I2 > 75%).

Results
TURP significantly improved IPSS, Qmax, and PVR, with the most recent studies showing superior results in IPSS and Qmax after 3 years compared to 2000–2004 studies. Heterogeneity in PVR was high (I2 = 100%). No negative impact on erectile function was observed. Complication rates included TURP syndrome (2%), bleeding (8%), and blood transfusion (6%), but elevated heterogeneity with difference between the groups was seen in clot evacuation (I2 = 83%) and urinary tract infections (I2 = 82%). Other complications were urinary retention (4%), incontinence (8%), urethral stricture (3%), bladder neck stenosis (2%).

Conclusion
In the last 20 years there has not been a clear trend in the results of TURP. The found heterogeneity may indicate a lack of standardization in TURP procedures. However, symptomatic improvement among patients is uniform, which supports this procedure as a historical benchmark surgical treatment for BPH.
Microglia contribute to the production of the amyloidogenic ABri peptide in familial British dementia
Authors: Arber Charles , Casey Jackie M. , Crawford Samuel , Rambarack Naiomi , Yaman Umran , Wiethoff Sarah , Augustin Emma , Piers Thomas M. , Price Matthew , Rostagno Agueda , Ghiso Jorge , Lewis Patrick A. , Revesz Tamas , Hardy John , Pocock Jennifer M. , Houlden Henry , Schott Jonathan M. , Salih Dervis A. , Lashley Tammaryn , Wray Selina 
Published: November 2024

AbstractMutations in ITM2B cause familial British, Danish, Chinese, and Korean dementias. In familial British dementia (FBD), a mutation in the stop codon of the ITM2B gene (also known as BRI2) causes a C-terminal cleavage fragment of the ITM2B/BRI2 protein to be extended by 11 amino acids. This fragment, termed amyloid-Bri (ABri), is highly insoluble and forms extracellular plaques in the brain. ABri plaques are accompanied by tau pathology, neuronal cell death and progressive dementia, with striking parallels to the aetiology and pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease. The molecular mechanisms underpinning FBD are ill-defined. Using patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells, we show that expression of ITM2B/BRI2 is 34-fold higher in microglia than neurons and 15-fold higher in microglia compared with astrocytes. This cell-specific enrichment is supported by expression data from both mouse and human brain tissue. ITM2B/BRI2 protein levels are higher in iPSC-microglia compared with neurons and astrocytes. The ABri peptide was detected in patient iPSC-derived microglial lysates and conditioned media but was undetectable in patient-derived neurons and control microglia. The pathological examination of post-mortem tissue supports the presence of ABri in microglia that are in proximity to pre-amyloid deposits. Finally, gene co-expression analysis supports a role for ITM2B/BRI2 in disease-associated microglial responses. These data demonstrate that microglia are major contributors to the production of amyloid forming peptides in FBD, potentially acting as instigators of neurodegeneration. Additionally, these data also suggest ITM2B/BRI2 may be part of a microglial response to disease, motivating further investigations of its role in microglial activation. These data have implications for our understanding of the role of microglia and the innate immune response in the pathogenesis of FBD and other neurodegenerative dementias including Alzheimer’s disease.
Climate variability links to changes in Rioja wine (Spain)
Authors: Rasilla Domingo F. , Aransay Raquel , Conde-Oria Francisco 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This study investigates the impact of regional climate changes on the production, quality, chemical composition, and phenological patterns of Rioja wine in Spain from 1993 to 2017. Data from DOCa Rioja and the Marqués de Riscal winery were analyzed in conjunction with meteorological and remote sensing data to provide a comprehensive evaluation. The findings reveal an increase in alcohol content and pH, coupled with a decrease in acidity, correlative to phenological shifts such as earlier grape ripening and reduced leaf canopy. Additionally, a thorough examination of monthly climate anomalies highlights the significance of May in determining harvest outcomes, influenced by the Eastern Atlantic (EA) mode of low-frequency variability. The potential connection between springtime weather conditions and tropical climate variability is also explored.