bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Le droit de guerre juste
Authors: Bourdin Bernard 
Published: July 2018

Le droit de guerre juste, théorisé par les théologiens chrétiens, a développé des critères qui humanisent et rationalisent le jus ad bellum . Dans le contexte de la conquête espagnole, cette rationalisation a permis de penser des rapports justes avec les Indiens et de jeter les bases d’un droit international. Mais ce droit a préparé à son insu le nouvel ordre spatial des États modernes. Ce nouvel ordre s’est retourné contre l’idée d’une « juste » guerre, la Première Guerre mondiale en constituant le point d’aboutissement. Mais celle-ci a suscité en retour de nombreuses discussions sur le droit de guerre juste qui mériteraient d’être poursuivies dans le sens d’une réflexion sur une dialectique théologico-politique de la guerre et de la paix.
Le désir de comprendre et la pulsion traduisante
Authors: Greisch Jean 
Published: July 2018

Contrairement à ce qu’on a pu soupçonner parfois, l’herméneutique, c’est à dire « la théorie des opérations de la compréhension dans leur rapport avec l’interprétation des textes » et la traductologie ne sauraient être mises en concurrence, parce que, de part et d’autre, il s’agit du rapport natif entre une expérience irréductible à un savoir de la réflexion sur celle-ci. La compréhension, tout comme la traduction est sujet et objet d’un savoir propre. On peut dès lors transférer à l’herméneutique les deux formules directrices par lesquelles Antoine Berman définit le travail du traducteur : « l’épreuve de l’étranger » et « l’auberge du lointain », ce qui revient à se demander si l’herméneutique, tout comme la traductologie, n’a pas besoin d’une analytique pour mener son projet à bien.
La question de la providence divine dans les Écritures
Authors: Aletti Jean-Noël 
Published: July 2018

Le parcours, relativement linéaire, part d’un constat : les saintes Écritures d’Israël ont constamment maintenu l’existence de la providence divine en lui opposant, sous forme de question, la rétribution indigne et scandaleuse des justes. Il finit avec un constat inverse : c’est dans la mort scandaleuse du juste par excellence que s’accomplit définitivement la bienveillance prévenante et toute-puissante de Dieu pour notre humanité. De l’un à l’autre constat se donnent à lire toute l’interrogation et la réflexion des sages d’Israël, de l’Ancien et du Nouveau Testament.
« Que ta volonté soit faite »
Authors: Boudignon Christian 
Published: July 2018

L’interprétation du verset du Notre Père : « que ta volonté soit faite » par Origène dans son traité Sur la prière reprend l’idée philosophique stoïco-platonicienne qu’il faut imiter par son intellect le bon ordre du cosmos, mais il présente la figure d’un Dieu paternel, nullement inflexible, mais au contraire réagissant au coup par coup, selon son propre plan, à la quête spirituelle de l’homme et à sa liberté. Grégoire de Nysse dans ses Cinq homélies sur le Notre Père présente une interprétation qui tient davantage compte du lien de l’âme avec le corps : faire la volonté de Dieu, c’est retrouver la santé de l’âme que le Christ médecin a réintroduit en l’homme en soignant le mal par le mal, le mal du péché par le mal de la Croix. Après ses deux prédécesseurs, Maxime le Confesseur, dans sa Brève explication du Notre Père , propose à l’homme d’imiter les anges en se libérant des passions, ou plutôt en réemployant ses passions dans la quête amoureuse par l’intellect de la volonté divine. Pour lui, le Christ à Gethsémani a donné le modèle d’un choix généreux qui peut conduire l’homme à la divinisation, ce qui est le grand dessein providentiel du Père pour l’homme.
Urinary Bladder Pathology: World Health Organization Classification and American Joint Committee on Cancer Staging Update
Authors: Wang Gang , McKenney Jesse K. 
Published: July 2018

Context.—Since the publication of the previous World Health Organization (WHO) Classification of Tumours on the Pathology and Genetics of Tumours of the Urinary System and Male Genital Organs in 2004, significant new knowledge has been generated regarding the pathology and genetics of bladder neoplasia. Publication of the 2016 WHO “Blue Book” has codified that new data into updated recommendations for classification and prognostication. Similarly, the recent release of the 8th edition of the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) Cancer Staging Manual, which was implemented in January 2018, has also addressed staging criteria for bladder cancer in several unique settings to clarify their application.Objective.—To highlight subtle changes within the recent WHO and AJCC publications that may affect daily surgical pathology practice.Data Sources.—Peer-reviewed published literature, the 2016 WHO Classification of Tumours of the Urinary System and Male Genital Organs, and the 8th edition of the AJCC Cancer Staging Manual were reviewed.Conclusions.—Selected changes and/or clarifications are discussed and include classification of flat and papillary urothelial neoplasia, select variant patterns of invasive urothelial carcinoma, staging of invasive carcinoma in bladder diverticula, and staging of carcinomas involving the prostate gland.
Abordagem radiométrica/espectral na identificação de recifes de corais por meio de sensor orbital
Authors: Santos Vagner Figueiredo dos , Santos Pablo Santana , Kikuchi Ruy Kenji Papa de , Melo Danilo Heitor Caires Tinoco Bisneto 
Published: July 2018

In Brazil, the coral reefs are distributed for practically the whole tropical coast. The urbanization of coastal regions and changes of the climate in global scale can occasion negative impacts on this ecosystem, where the identification of the coral reefs from remote sensing is an important initiative to facilitate the management of these areas. This paper proposes a radiometric/spectral evaluation of three banks in the Complex Coral Reefs of the Abrolhos-BA (Viçosa, Coroa Vermelha and Sebastião Gomes), through graphic sensitivity and Optimum Index Factor (OIF), in satellite images OLI/Landsat-8. The sensitivity of the three banks in coral reefs was similar. The spectral bands B1, B2, B3, B4 showed sensitivity to enhance the coral reef, the sea water, and from the near-infrared region (≥B5) there was no any sensitivity, even for some emerged coral reefs, as demonstrated statistical Test-t (Student), where there was no difference statistics between the digital values of coral reefs and sea water, since the p-Value was greater than the significance level (alpha = 0.05). Of the four spectral bands in the visible region (B1, B2, B3 and B4), only the B1 presented no significant difference. According to OIF the best color composition for visual differentiation of sea water of coral reefs was 1R 2G 4B (5403.3).
Innovación pedagógica en la formación del profesorado apoyada por videos en red
Authors: Colás Bravo Pilar , De Pablos Pons Juan , Conde Jiménez Jesús , Reyes de Cozar Salvador 
Published: July 2018

<p>El propósito de esta aportación es ofrecer<br />una visión de conjunto sobre las posibi-<br />lidades pedagógicas de las redes socia-<br />les y los videos en red para un cambio<br />paradigmático en la formación inicial y<br />permanente del profesorado. Este trabajo<br />se nutre, tanto de resultados de investiga-<br />ciones empíricas, como de elaboraciones<br />teóricas, procedentes de publicaciones<br />actuales sobre esta temática. La metodo-<br />logía tiene un carácter eminentemente<br />documental, basada en bases de datos in-<br />ternacionales (ERIC, WOS, SCOPUS). Los<br />hallazgos muestran que es en los últimos<br />cinco años cuando se inician investigacio-<br />nes y proyectos de innovación, orienta-<br />dos a explorar, experimentar y contrastar<br />los beneficios de estas tecnologías en los<br />aprendizajes y en sus aplicaciones en el<br />aula. Por otra parte, se observa en el pano-<br />rama internacional aportaciones conceptuales referidas a nuevas exigencias forma-<br />tivas del profesorado para adaptarse a la<br />sociedad actual. Sin embargo, son todavía<br />escasas las reflexiones sobre cómo las re-<br />des sociales y la inclusión del video en<br />las mismas pueden contribuir a la trans-<br />formación de los actuales modelos y para-<br />digmas de formación del profesorado. Los<br />resultados que se aportan van referidos a:<br />a) la conceptualización de nuevos retos<br />que debe asumir la formación docente<br />en el nuevo entorno digital y que deben<br />ser contemplados en el diseño de nuevos<br />modelos formativos del profesorado, b) la<br />sistematización de líneas y enfoques de<br />investigación sobre los usos pedagógicos<br />y funciones formativas de los videos en<br />las redes sociales en la formación del pro-<br />fesorado y c) la identificación del poten-<br />cial pedagógico que propician las redes<br />sociales y la inclusión del video: apren-<br />dizaje abierto, interacción comunicativa,<br />agencialidad de los sujetos y construcción<br />colaborativa del conocimiento. Estos as-<br />pectos se consideran clave para sustentar<br />un nuevo modelo de formación del profe-<br />sorado. Pero también para facilitar la cons-<br />trucción de una nueva identidad y cultura<br />profesional docente.</p><p> </p>
Termes complexes et langues de spécialité en sciences humaines et sociales : que nous apprennent les textes intégraux ?
Authors: Jacquey Evelyne , Kister Laurence , Marcon Mario , Barreaux Sabine 
Published: July 2018

À partir d’un corpus d’articles scientifiques de trois disciplines de sciences humaines (archéologie, linguistique et psychologie), l’étude que nous présentons a pour objectif d’examiner la composition des candidats termes polylexicaux de forme N_Adj (langage humain, niveau individuel, origine sociale, structure syllabique). Nous nous concentrons sur les occurrences de candidats termes considérées comme relevant d’un usage disciplinaire par les annotateurs experts de chaque discipline. Nous nous intéressons, en particulier, aux classements possibles des noms et des adjectifs dans trois lexiques en interaction dans l’écrit scientifique : le lexique scientifique transdisciplinaire, les ressources terminologiques et le lexique de la langue générale. Les candidats termes analysés ont au moins un composant, le nom ou l’adjectif, qui appartient à au moins deux des trois disciplines du corpus. À l’issue de cette étude, nous constatons le rôle primordial du lexique disciplinaire et ses interactions fréquentes avec le lexique scientifique transdisciplinaire dans la formation des termes polylexicaux de forme N_Adj.
The Incidence and Prevalence of Adult Primary Sjögren's Syndrome in New York County
Authors: Izmirly Peter M. , Buyon Jill P. , Wan Isabella , Belmont H. Michael , Sahl Sara , Salmon Jane E. , Askanase Anca , Bathon Joan M. , Geraldino‐Pardilla Laura , Ali Yousaf , Ginzler Ellen M. , Putterman Chaim , Gordon Caroline , Helmick Charles G. , Parton Hilary 
Published: July 2018

ObjectiveExtant epidemiologic data of primary Sjögren's syndrome (SS) remains limited, particularly for racial/ethnic populations in the US. The Manhattan Lupus Surveillance Program (MLSP) is a population‐based retrospective registry of cases of systemic lupus erythematosus and related diseases, including primary SS in Manhattan, New York. The MLSP was used to provide estimates of the incidence and prevalence of primary SS across major racial/ethnic populations.MethodsMLSP cases were identified from hospitals, rheumatologists, and population databases. Three case definitions were used for primary SS, including physician diagnosis, rheumatologist diagnosis, and modified primary SS criteria. Rates among Manhattan residents were age‐adjusted, and capture‐recapture analyses were conducted to assess underascertainment of cases.ResultsBy physician diagnosis, age‐adjusted overall incidence and prevalence rates of primary SS among adult Manhattan residents were 3.5 and 13.1 per 100,000 person‐years, respectively. Capture‐recapture adjustment increased incidence and prevalence rates (4.1 and 14.2 per 100,000 person‐years, respectively). Based on physician diagnosis, incidence and prevalence rates were approximately 6 times higher among women than men (P < 0.001). Incidence of primary SS was statistically higher among non‐Latina Asian women (10.5) and non‐Latina white women (6.2) compared with Latina women (3.2). Incidence was also higher among non‐Latina Asian women compared with non‐Latina black women (3.3). Prevalence of primary SS did not differ by race/ethnicity. Similar trends were observed when more restrictive case definitions were applied.ConclusionData from the MLSP revealed disparities among Manhattan residents in primary SS incidence and prevalence by sex and differences in primary SS incidence by race/ethnicity among women. These data also provided epidemiologic estimates for the major racial/ethnic populations in the US.
Role of Hip Injury and Giving Way in Pain Exacerbation in Hip Osteoarthritis: An Internet‐Based Case–Crossover Study
Authors: Fu Kai , Makovey Joanna , Metcalf Ben , Bennell Kim , Zhang Yuqing , Asher Rebecca , Robbins Sarah , Deveza Leticia , Hunter David J. 
Published: July 2018

ObjectiveTo evaluate the association between hip injury/giving way and hip pain exacerbations in patients with symptomatic hip osteoarthritis (OA).MethodsWe conducted an internet‐based case–crossover study to assess hip injury and giving way for hip pain exacerbation. Eligible participants with symptomatic hip OA were followed up for 90 days and asked to complete online questionnaires at baseline and 10‐day intervals (control periods). They also logged on to the study web site to complete questionnaires for an episode of a hip pain exacerbation (case periods) defined as an increase of 2 points in pain intensity compared with the baseline rating on a numeric rating scale (range 0–10). The relationship of hip injury and giving way to the risk of pain exacerbation was examined using conditional logistic regression.ResultsOf 252 patients recruited into the study, we included 133 patients (53%) who provided data from both case and control periods. Hip injury during the last 7 days increased the risk of hip pain exacerbation (odds ratio [OR] 2.74 [95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.62–4.62]). The hip giving way during the last 2 days was associated with an increased risk of hip pain exacerbation (OR 2.10 [95% CI 1.30–3.39]) and showed a significant relationship between the number of hip giving way events and the risk of hip pain exacerbations (P < 0.001).ConclusionHip injury and episodes of the hip giving way were significantly related to pain exacerbation in patients with symptomatic hip OA. Methods to prevent exposure to injury may help to reduce the burden of pain in patients with hip OA.
Time of Disease‐Modifying Antirheumatic Drug Start in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis and the Likelihood of a Drug‐Free Remission in Young Adulthood
Authors: Minden Kirsten , Horneff Gerd , Niewerth Martina , Seipelt Eva , Aringer Martin , Aries Peer , Foeldvari Ivan , Haas Johannes‐Peter , Klein Ariane , Tatsis Stefanie , Tenbrock Klaus , Zink Angela , Klotsche Jens 
Published: July 2018

ObjectiveTo study juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) long‐term outcomes in relation to the time of initiation of biologic disease‐modifying antirheumatic drug (bDMARD).MethodsOutcomes of JIA patients prospectively followed by the Biologika in der Kinderrheumatologie (BiKeR) and Juvenile Arthritis Methotrexate/Biologics Long‐Term Observation (JuMBO) registers were analyzed with regard to drug‐free remission and inactive disease, functional status and quality of life, and surgery. To analyze the influence of early bDMARD therapy on outcomes, patients were assigned to 3 groups based on the time from symptom onset to bDMARD start (G1: ≤2 years, G2: >2 to ≤5 years, and G3: >5 years). Propensity score–adjusted outcome differences were analyzed by multinomial logistic regression analyses among the groups.ResultsA total of 701 JIA patients were observed for mean ± SD 9.1 ± 3.7 years. At the last follow‐up (disease duration mean ± SD 14.3 ± 6.1 years), 11.7% of patients were in drug‐free remission, and 40.0% had inactive disease. More than half of the patients reported no functional limitation, while 5% had undergone arthroplasty, and 3% had eye surgery. At the 10‐year time point, patients in G1 (n = 108) were significantly more likely to be in drug‐free remission than those patients who began treatment later (G2, n = 199; G3, n = 259), with 18.5%, 10.1%, and 4.9%, respectively. Patients in G1 had significantly lower disease activity (clinical Juvenile Arthritis Disease Activity Score in 10 joints = 4.9), a better overall well‐being (18.2% patient global assessment score = 0), and higher functional status (59.2% Health Assessment Questionnaire score = 0), compared to patients in G3 (7.1, 8.4%, and 43.7%, respectively). G1 patients required arthroplasty significantly less frequently than G3 patients and had significantly lower disease activity over time than patients in both G2 and G3.ConclusionEarly DMARD treatment is associated with better disease control and outcomes, which supports the concept of a “window of opportunity” for JIA.
Two‐Dimensional Antimonene‐Based Photonic Nanomedicine for Cancer Theranostics
Authors: Tao Wei , Ji Xiaoyuan , Zhu Xianbing , Li Li , Wang Junqing , Zhang Ye , Saw Phei Er , Li Wenliang , Kong Na , Islam Mohammad Ariful , Gan Tian , Zeng Xiaowei , Zhang Han , Mahmoudi Morteza , Tearney Guillermo J. , Farokhzad Omid C. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractAntimonene (AM) is a recently described two‐dimensional (2D) elemental layered material. In this study, a novel photonic drug‐delivery platform based on 2D PEGylated AM nanosheets (NSs) is developed. The platform's multiple advantages include: i) excellent photothermal properties, ii) high drug‐loading capacity, iii) spatiotemporally controlled drug release triggered by near‐infrared (NIR) light and moderate acidic pH, iv) superior accumulation at tumor sites, v) deep tumor penetration by both extrinsic stimuli (i.e., NIR light) and intrinsic stimuli (i.e., pH), vi) excellent multimodal‐imaging properties, and vii) significant inhibition of tumor growth with no observable side effects and potential degradability, thus addressing several key limitations of cancer nanomedicines. The intracellular fate of the prepared NSs is also revealed for the first time, providing deep insights that improve cellular‐level understanding of the nano–bio interactions of AM‐based NSs and other emerging 2D nanomaterials. To the best of knowledge, this is the first report on 2D AM‐based photonic drug‐delivery platforms, possibly marking an exciting jumping‐off point for research into the application of 2D AM nanomaterials in cancer theranostics.
11.2% All‐Polymer Tandem Solar Cells with Simultaneously Improved Efficiency and Stability
Authors: Zhang Kai , Xia Ruoxi , Fan Baobing , Liu Xiang , Wang Zhenfeng , Dong Sheng , Yip Hin‐Lap , Ying Lei , Huang Fei , Cao Yong 
Published: July 2018

AbstractAll‐polymer solar cells (all‐PSCs) that contain both p‐type and n‐type polymeric materials blended together as light‐absorption layers have attracted much attention, since the blend of a polymeric donor and acceptor should present superior photochemical, thermal, and mechanical stability to those of small molecular‐based organic solar cells. In this work, the interfacial stability is studied by using highly stable all‐polymer solar cell as a platform. It is found that the thermally deposited metal electrode atoms can diffuse into the active layer during device storage, which consequently greatly decreases the power conversion efficiency. Fortunately, the diffusion of metal atoms can be slowed down and even blocked by using thicker interlayer materials, high‐glass‐transition‐temperature interlayer materials, or a tandem device structure. Learning from this, homojunction tandem all‐PSCs are successfully developed that simultaneously exhibit a record power conversion efficiency over 11% and remarkable stability with efficiency retaining 93% of the initial value after thermally aging at 80 °C for 1000 h.
2D MoSe2 Transistor with Polymer‐Brush/Channel Interface
Authors: Jeong Yeonsu , Park Ji Hoon , Ahn Jongtae , Lim June Yeong , Kim Eunkyoung , Im Seongil 
Published: July 2018

AbstractToward any practical applications of 2D transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) transistors, two issues are often met. First, threshold voltage (Vth) of usual TMD 2D field effect transistors (FETs) is located quite away from 0 V, making the device already on and less practical. Second, a large hysteresis exists during transistor operation. Here, hysteresis‐minimized n‐TMD FETs are fabricated using polymer‐brush/channel interface, to extend the 2D FET study to a sensor application. Gated by piezoelectric P(VDF‐TrFE) touch pad that allows dipole switching and instantaneous voltages of +5 and ‐5 V, n‐MoSe2 FET operates well in its ON/OFF drain current behavior, due to its properly small Vth of −5 V. However, n‐MoS2 FET with a relatively high Vth of more than −8 V cannot be suitably switched off. To minimize the gate hysteresis, ultrathin polystyrene‐brush layer is applied between TMD channel and 50 nm thin Al2O3 dielectric. n‐Channel MoS2 and MoSe2 FETs exhibit a minimum voltage hysteresis of 1 and 0.5 V, respectively. It is regarded that Vth and hysteresis issues are uneasy to resolve but still possible to circumvent by using proper TMD channel and channel/dielectric interface materials.
Simultaneous Observation of the Electrical and Luminous Characteristics of Light‐Emitting Electrochemical Cells by Using a Displacement Current Measurement Technique
Authors: Noguchi Yutaka , Higeta Tetsuya , Yonekawa Fumihiro 
Published: July 2018

AbstractAn extended displacement current measurement (DCM) is performed to analyze the operation mechanisms of a poly(p‐phenylenevinylene) derivative (Super Yellow)‐based light‐emitting electrochemical cell (LEC). The characteristics of the actual current, displacement current, and electroluminescence (EL) intensity during the relaxation processes of electrochemical doping are simultaneously measured. The transient characteristics indicate correlations between the conductance, capacitance, and EL efficiency. The conductance and capacitance decrease with proceeding doping relaxation, whereas the EL efficiency increases. The EL efficiency is dominated by the electrochemical doping state, rather than the actual current density. Moreover, the EL efficiency deteriorates with increasing direct current (DC) voltage applied for electrochemical doping. Since the DCM reveals that the electrical properties of the device obey the trap charge limited current regime in the intrinsic region and are almost independent of the applied DC voltage, efficiency deterioration is not responsible for the intrinsic region but for the doped region. The results suggest that the self‐absorption in the doped region causes efficiency loss, otherwise the emitting zone is formed close to the doped region. The extended DCM enables us to comprehensively analyze the operation mechanisms of LECs on the basis of the simultaneous observations of electrical and luminous characteristics, including their transient changes.