bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
INTRAVITREAL ANTI-VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTOR INJECTIONS FOR EXUDATIVE RETINAL ARTERIAL MACROANEURYSMS
Authors: Mansour Ahmad M. , Foster Robert E. , Gallego-Pinazo Roberto , Moschos Marilita M. , Sisk Robert A. , Chhablani Jay , Rojanaporn Duangnate , Sujirakul Tharikarn , Arevalo J. Fernando , Lima Luiz H. , Wu Lihteh , Charbaji Abdulrazzak , Saatci Ali O. , Mansour Hana A. , Martinez-Rubio Clara , Patel Yogin , Gangakhedkar Sankeert 
Published: March 2018

Purpose:
There is no established therapy for exudative-hemorrhagic complications in primary retinal arteriolar macroaneurysm (RAM).

Methods:
Retrospective multicenter interventional study of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor in symptomatic RAMs. Central macular thickness in μm and best-corrected visual acuity in logMar were correlated with the RAM size and distance to the macula. Statistical analyses were performed using paired comparisons and Pearson correlation.

Results:
Thirty-two eyes (32 patients) were treated with a mean of 2.7 injections over a mean follow-up of 16.6 months. Initial best-corrected visual acuity correlated with the RAM size and distance to the macula (P = 0.02). Central macular thickness decreased by 131,180, and 211 μm at 1, 2, and 3 months after the first injection (P < 0.001). Best-corrected visual acuity improved by 0.47 and 0.38 Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study lines at 2 and 3 months (P = 0.005). Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor response correlated with the RAM size (P = 0.04) and the distance to the macula (P = 0.009).

Conclusion:
Symptomatic RAMs can be treated successfully with anti-vascular endothelial growth factor injections, leading to a decrease in macular edema.
WIDEFIELD SPECTRAL-DOMAIN OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY IMAGING OF PERIPHERAL ROUND RETINAL HOLES WITH OR WITHOUT RETINAL DETACHMENT
Authors: Casswell Edward J. , Abou Ltaif Sleiman , Carr Thomas , Keane Pearse A. , Charteris David G. , Wickham Louisa 
Published: March 2018

Purpose:
To describe the widefield spectral-domain optical coherence tomography features of peripheral round retinal holes, with or without associated retinal detachment (RD).

Methods:
Retrospective, observational study of 28 eyes with peripheral round retinal holes, with and without RD. Patients underwent imaging with a widefield 50-degree spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (Heidelberg Engineering, Germany) and Optos ultra-widefield imaging systems (Optos, United Kingdom).

Results:
Vitreous attachment at the site of the retinal hole was detected in 27/28 (96.4%) cases. Cases were split into three groups: RHs with RD (n = 12); RHs with subretinal fluid (n = 5), and flat RHs (n = 11), with minimal or no subretinal fluid. 91.6% retinal holes associated with subretinal fluid or RD had vitreous attachment at the site of the hole. Eighty percent had vitreous attachment at both edges of the retinal hole, in a U-shape configuration, which appeared to exert traction. By contrast, flat retinal holes had visible vitreous attachment only at one edge of the retinal hole in 45.4%.

Conclusion:
Vitreous attachment was commonly seen at the site of round retinal holes. Vitreous attachment at both edges of the retinal hole in a U-shape configuration was more commonly seen at holes associated with subretinal fluid or RD.
RETINAL CAVERNOUS HEMANGIOMA WITH INTRALESIONAL PHLEBOLITHS
Authors: Yu Michael D. , Dalvin Lauren A. , Shields Carol L. 
Published: March 2018

Purpose:
To report a case of retinal cavernous hemangioma with intralesional phleboliths, simulating retinoblastoma.

Methods:
A healthy 5-month-old girl developed left esotropia and was noted to have atraumatic vitreous hemorrhage with underlying partially calcified mass, suspicious for retinoblastoma.

Results:
On examination, the visual acuity was fix and follow in the right eye and absent fixation in the left eye. Evaluation of the right eye revealed normal findings. The left eye demonstrated healthy anterior segment and dense vitreous hemorrhage with no view of the postequatorial structures, but with hazy view of the flat peripheral retina and a superonasal retinal mass, covered with fresh hemorrhage. Three white intralesional flecks, consistent with calcification, each measuring 300 μm, were visualized. B-scan ultrasonography confirmed the dense mass with several foci of calcification, suspicious for retinoblastoma, despite poor visualization on funduscopy. Prophylactic intravenous chemotherapy was delivered for globe salvage and systemic protection. At 12-month follow-up, the hemorrhage showed resolution, revealing a superonasal dark blue multilobulated mass with saccular aneurysms, measuring 16 mm in diameter, and with 3 phleboliths (intralesional calcification). Fluorescein angiography demonstrated early and midphase hypofluorescence with late-phase filling and with plasma–erythrocyte separation in some larger aneurysms, characteristic of retinal cavernous hemangioma.

Conclusion:
Retinal cavernous hemangioma can be associated with intralesional calcification (phleboliths).
Confocal Microscopy Observation of Cornea Verticillata After Vandetanib Therapy for Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma
Authors: Arriola-Villalobos Pedro , Benito-Pascual Blanca , Díaz-Valle David , Benítez-del-Castillo José M. 
Published: March 2018

Purpose:
To report 2 cases of cornea verticillata (CV) after vandetanib treatment for medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC).

Methods:
In this retrospective interventional, case-report study, 2 patients who under vandetanib treatment for MTC were referred to our ophthalmology department because of vision complaints. Both subjects underwent a complete ophthalmologic examination, including confocal microscopy (CM) using the Heidelberg Retina Tomograph and Rostock Cornea Module.

Results:
A 70-year-old man and a 43-year-old woman, both with a history of MTC under treatment with vandetanib for 5 months and 30 months, respectively, presented with blurred vision. In both patients, a mild CV pattern was observed although deposits were more evident in the male patient. CM images showed hyperreflective deposits in the corneal epithelium and subepithelial nerve plexus. Bright microdots were also seen throughout the stroma, along with a few hyperreflective keratocytes in the anterior stroma.

Conclusions:
In both patients, vandetanib seemed to be the cause of CV. The CM images supported the idea of drug–lipid complex deposits in vandetanib-induced CV.
Adult Caregiver Influenza Vaccination Through Administration in Pediatric Outpatient Clinics
Authors: Jacobs Kimberley , Posa Molly , Spellicy Whitney , Otero Jaclyn , Kelly Maria 
Published: March 2018

Background:
Pediatric exposure to influenza-infected adult caregivers (AC) is a significant risk factor for developing influenza. Poor access to vaccines contributes to low adult vaccination rates. We offered adult vaccination at regularly scheduled pediatric office visits and examined barriers to improve future vaccination rates.

Methods:
Via a retrospective chart review, we identified ACs who received an influenza vaccination at 1 of 3 pediatric clinics within an academic center from August 2015 to May 2016. We screened for demographics of ACs and their children. Rates of AC vaccination and AC refusal were not measured.

Results:
A total of 297 ACs representing 518 children received their influenza vaccine at their child’s pediatric office. The mean age of ACs was 35.9 years (range, 22–70 years) and 68.5% were mothers. Most ACs (n = 294, 99%) receiving the vaccine had private insurance. Almost all ACs received their vaccination on the day of the child’s visit (n = 250, 84%). A total of 49.6% of AC’s children had high-risk illnesses. Parents of children with Medicaid were under-represented because of high parental copays (n = 3, 1%). The highest clinic vaccine participation was noted at the clinics with lowest Medicaid populations.

Conclusions:
ACs readily accepted influenza vaccination at their child’s pediatric primary care office. Increased vaccination acceptance occurred when ACs were female, had private insurance, if their child had a chronic illness and if the vaccination was offered the same day as their child’s appointment. Likely reason for low acceptance in ACs with Medicaid insurance is high cost; thus, staff, well-aware of Medicaid’s nonreimbursement, likely offered the vaccine less to these parents.
Measurement of Medial Wall Bowing and Clinical Associations in Thyroid Eye Disease
Authors: Bokman Christine L. , Ugradar Shoaib , Rootman Daniel B. 
Published: March 2018

Purpose:
To propose and validate a measure of medial wall bowing in thyroid eye disease (TED) and to assess the clinical correlates of bowing in TED.

Methods:
In this cross-sectional cohort study, all patients affected with TED seen by a single specialist over a 2-year period were screened for study entry. Eligible participants were adults with clinical evidence of TED and either CT or MRI of the orbits. Exclusion criteria included prior history of decompression surgery and/or medical or other ophthalmic conditions that could alter the orbital anatomy. The primary outcome measure was prevalence of medial wall bowing. Secondary outcomes included the associations between medial wall bowing and exophthalmometry, diplopia, rectus muscle restriction, dysthyroid optic neuropathy (DON), strabismus, and quality of life. Medial wall bowing was defined as medial divergence of the medial wall from a straight line drawn between the anterior lacrimal crest and the middle of the optic canal and measured radiographically using axial images of the orbits. Volumetric analysis of bowing was performed on a sample of orbits with and without bowing. Volumetric and axial single slice measurements were compared. Bivariate statistics were performed.

Results:
The final sample included 112 orbital images from 56 patients with TED. Medial wall bowing was found to be evident in 11.6% (n = 13/112) of orbits. Medial wall bowing was significantly associated with greater Hertel measurements, horizontal and vertical muscle restriction, ocular surface symptoms and Clinical Activity Score, as well as lower quality of life scores. Patients with demonstrable medial wall bowing were more likely to be affected by optic neuropathy, diplopia (Gorman score ≥ 1), strabismus, or horizontal muscle restriction. Analysis of the volume for medial wall bowing demonstrated that the height of the arc at the peak of bowing on an axial image of a 2-dimensional CT scan correlated highly with the total volume of bowing (r = 0.90, p < 0.001).

Conclusions:
The identification of medial wall bowing on CT or MRI is associated with clinical measures of disease severity, including diplopia and DON.
Prevalence and Correlates of Substance Use in Homeless Youth and Young Adults
Authors: Santa Maria Diane M. , Narendorf Sarah C. , Cross Matthew B. 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
Substance use is higher among homeless youth than among the general population. Although substance use has been well studied, little is known about the risk factors associated with specific substances used by homeless youth, particularly in the Houston, Texas, area. Therefore, we conducted this study to examine the rates of lifetime and past-month substance use in a sample of homeless youth in Harris County, Texas, and examine the relations between substance type and race/ethnicity, age, gender identity, sexual orientation, shelter status, stress, and trauma history. Participants were recruited during October and November 2014 as part of the study YouthCount 2.0! and completed a survey to assess demographics, stress, abuse, substance use, and risk behaviors. The sample (N = 416) was predominantly young adult (13–17 years old: 55 and 18–24 years old: 361), African American (54.5%), and male (55.9%). Nearly one quarter identified as lesbian, gay, bisexual, or questioning (n = 102). Over a third of youth had used alcohol (38%) or marijuana (36%) in the past month, and 36% had ever used synthetic marijuana. Bivariate analyses showed that substance use was significantly associated with race/ethnicity, age, gender identity, sexual orientation, shelter status, stress, and trauma scores. Youth in this study had lower rates of alcohol and some substance use than other samples of homeless youth, although use still exceeded national rates for housed youth. Substance use prevention interventions for homeless youth should be trauma informed and include housing navigation and stress management strategies. The most at-risk subgroups included street-dwelling and lesbian, gay, bisexual, or questioning youth.
Relational Health and Recovery
Authors: Vandermause Roxanne , Fougere Merry , Liu Yi-Hsiu , Odom-Maryon Tamara 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
Adolescent substance use (SU) endures as a priority concern to communities. The increasing risk of SU in young women has been a rising concern, and the needs of young women may be unique. The importance of relationships and “connectedness” as aberrant behavior protective factors has been validated extensively in the literature of several disciplines over the past decade. Less well described are the components and qualities of relational engagement among adolescents involved in SU treatment. This multimethod study was a broad analysis of the nature of relational health in adolescent girls, so as to determine whether understanding components of relational health could inform SU treatment options. The survey tool, the Relational Health Indices (Liang et al., 2002), was used to measure dimensions and domains of relational health in adolescent girls and informed qualitative methods in the study. It is clear from this research that adolescent girls in SU treatment care deeply about but are confused regarding their relationships with others, particularly their romantic partners and their mothers. They have a desire to help others, specifically their siblings and others struggling with addiction. This article describes the multimethod study and implications for treatment, research, and education.
The Relationship Between Emotional Intelligence and Internet Addiction Among Youth and Adults
Authors: Saraiva Jorge , Esgalhado Graça , Pereira Henrique , Monteiro Samuel , Afonso Rosa Marina , Loureiro Manuel 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
This study aimed to compare emotional intelligence (EI) levels and Internet addiction (IA) by gender and age groups and to assess the predictive relationship between EI and IA. One thousand four hundred thirteen young people and adults participated in the study. Participants were between 17 and 81 years old (M = 38.70 years old, SD = 13.72 years old); 42.2% were male, whereas 57.5% were female. We used a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Schutte Emotional Intelligence Scale (Schutte, Malouff, & Bhullar, 2009), and the Internet Addiction Test (Young, 1998) as data collection instruments. Results showed that there is a weak, but statistically significant, negative relationship between EI and IA. We found higher levels of EI in older people and in women than in the youngest participants and in men. No relevant prevalence of IA was found in the participants of this study.
Bariatric Outcomes: Self-Management for Sustained Surgical Success
Authors: Anderson Laura M. , Chacko Thomas P. 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
Binge eating disorder, food addiction, and dysregulated overeating are common among people with severe obesity and prevalent among bariatric surgery populations. These problematic eating habits share commonalities with other addictions. Effective, holistic self-management is needed to promote long-term weight loss and psychosocial adjustment among patients who are severely obese who undergo surgery, especially those with clinically remarkable levels of binge eating, food addiction, or dysregulated overeating.
This article aims to briefly review binge eating disorder, food addiction, and obesity—as well as issues surrounding surgery for individuals who are severely obese—and introduce the Bariatric Outcomes: Self-management for Sustained Surgical Success (BOSSSS) program. The BOSSSS program is holistic, skill based, and designed to promote weight loss, prevent weight regain, and improve well-being in patients with severe obesity with a history of bariatric surgery.
Preliminary survey data suggest that bariatric surgery patients report a lack of skill-based emotional and behavioral support designed to help them over the long term. The BOSSSS program is rooted in self-determination theory, integrating mobile health technology across program components. Self-determination theory-based interventions are personalized and encourage autonomy, competence, and social support among participating patients and providers. The behavioral self-regulation training within BOSSSS is energy balance self-monitoring and titration. Emotional self-regulation is addressed via a specialized version of dialectical behavior skills therapy, emphasizing promotion of coping skills and use of adaptive, healthy substances in immediate environments. The BOSSSS program has been well received by patients and could be implemented by nurses and other health professionals with minimal support.
Evaluation of a School-Based Program for Internet Addiction of Adolescents in Turkey
Authors: Uysal Gulzade , Balci Serap 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate a school-based program for Internet addiction, the Healthy Internet Use Program, with adolescents in Turkey. Forty-one students were included in the intervention group, and the control group was composed of 43 students. All students were from two primary schools. Students in the intervention group participated in the Healthy Internet Use Program, which was developed in accordance with the literature. The intervention group was given eight training sessions over a 3-month period, and their parents were given two training and consultancy sessions. Data were collected using a data collection form and the Internet Addiction Scale. The third evaluation of the Internet Addiction Scale scores showed a significant difference between the intervention group and the control group (p < .05). The fourth evaluation of the Internet Addiction Scale points showed a highly significant difference between the two groups (p < .001). The findings suggest that use of the Healthy Internet Use Program decreases the rate of Internet addiction among adolescents.
Opiate Dependence or Addiction?
Authors: Dobbs Gina C. , Fogger Susanne A. 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
In the wake of epidemic of opioid overdoses in the United States, patients who are receiving treatment for chronic pain with opioid have come under increasing scrutiny. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention issued a guideline for managing chronic pain in 2016, which makes recommendations for opioids based on current evidence. This review will highlight key components of the guideline including differentiating addiction from dependence to assist nurses to better inform patient care in managing chronic pain.
Brazilian Public Policies on Drugs
Authors: de Souza Jacqueline , Fiorati Regina C. , Macedo Maraiza M. , de Macedo Jaqueline Queiroz 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
Since 2004, Brazilian policy makers have been making some changes in the drug policies. It has prioritized a harm reduction perspective instead of a prohibitionist one. Nevertheless, this latter perspective also persists in some parts of the policies and strategies used to deal with this phenomenon in Brazil. This study aims to analyze the structure of the drug policies in Brazil. It is a documental search of Brazilian mental health legislation (laws, decrees, and ordinances) regarding alcohol and other drugs since 2001. The analysis focused on prevention, assistance, and supply control axes. There was a predominance of assistance, which focuses on development of treatment services. Documents have focused more on crack cocaine than on other drugs which have more impact on public health. Scientific evidence competes with partisan political issues and values and the opinions of different actors. The results suggest that it is necessary to have a solid scientific foundation, clearer technical operational aspects, and an evaluation strategy for mental health services to systematize and analyze the implemented policies.
Racialized Mass Incarceration and the War on Drugs
Authors: Fornili Katherine Smith 
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACT:
The purpose of this column is to summarize important aspects of the racialized War on Drugs, including (a) the school-to-prison pipeline, (b) the for-profit prison system (“prison industrial complex”), (c) racialized mass incarceration, and (d) the disproportionately negative impact of the War on Drugs on families and communities of color. Analysis of critical race theory (CRT), the study of the relationships between race, racism, and power, will provide a cohesive framework for examining these four aspects. CRT maintains that American laws, including antidiscrimination laws, are structured to maintain White privilege (Alexander, 2010; Capers, 2014; Delgado & Stefancic, 2017; Nyika & Murray-Orr, 2017). Proponents of CRT are committed to progressive race consciousness and view CRT as a mechanism for analyzing and addressing racial inequity (Capers, 2014). We cannot incarcerate our way out of the drug epidemic. The War on Drugs is a war on individuals who experience a treatable medical condition and on the communities in which they reside. It should more properly be called “The War on Our Own People.” The failed War on Drugs and the current administration’s efforts to revive and strengthen it provide examples of how the dominant society allows, and perhaps even actively promotes, the destruction of minority communities. Addictions nurses object to the conditions that perpetuate the War on Drugs and racialized mass incarceration. We view it our ethical responsibility to advocate for social justice and healthy sociopolitical environments for all members of society, regardless of race, class, or creed.
Placebo Effects Across Self-Report, Clinician Rating, and Objective Performance Tasks Among Women With Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
Authors: Hodgins Gabrielle E. , Blommel Jared G. , Dunlop Boadie W. , Iosifescu Dan , Mathew Sanjay J. , Neylan Thomas C. , Mayberg Helen S. , Harvey Philip D. 
Published: March 2018

Abstract

Purpose/Background
For a drug to acquire Food and Drug Administration approval, it must significantly outperform placebo treatment. In recent years, the placebo effect seems to be increasing in neuropsychiatric conditions. Here, we examine placebo effects across self-reported, clinically rated, and performance-based data from a trial using a corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor type 1 (CRHR1) antagonist for treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).

Methods/Procedures
Women with chronic PTSD were randomized to treatment with either GSK561679, a CRHR1 antagonist, or placebo. Before randomization, participants completed self-report scales, clinician-rated measures of PTSD and depression symptoms, and objective tests of cognition and functioning. Differences in change scores on measures were compared between GSK561679 and placebo-treated participants.

Findings/Results
GSK561679 failed to produce any significant improvement in the participants. A substantial placebo effect was observed in both self-report and clinical rating scales, with effect sizes up to 1.5 SD. No single variable predicted placebo-related changes. Notably, there was an improvement on objective performance measures of cognition that exceeded previous standards for practice effects.

Implications/Conclusions
Participants in this trial manifested retest effects on performance-based measures of cognition. Notably, they had minimal prior experience with performance-based assessments. Experiencing the structure and support of a clinical trial may have contributed to significant reductions in subject-reported and clinician-rated PTSD symptom levels. The improvement seen across all assessment domains was consistent with that seen in previous studies where the active treatments separated from placebo. Investigators conducting clinical trials treating PTSD patients should expect placebo effects and design studies accordingly.