bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Endoskopische und operative Therapie der gastroösophagealen Refluxkrankheit
Authors: Schoppmann Sebastian F. , Jomrich Gerd 
Published: December 2024

ZusammenfassungDie gastroösophageale Refluxkrankheit (GERD) stellt nach wie vor eine klinische Herausforderung, insbesondere bei Patienten, die nicht auf eine konservative Therapie mit Protonenpumpenhemmern (PPI) ansprechen, dar. Seit Jahrzehnten stellen chirurgische Therapieoptionen wie die laparoskopische Fundoplicatio die primären Behandlungsstrategien bei nicht-PPI-sensitiven Patienten dar. Dennoch bestehen auch bei diesem Verfahren Einschränkungen in der langfristigen Wirksamkeit bzw. treten postoperative Komplikationen auf, womit die Notwendigkeit alternativer therapeutischer Optionen gegeben ist. Jüngste Fortschritte in sowohl endoskopischen als auch chirurgischen Techniken bieten vielversprechende Lösungen, um diese bisher unerfüllten Bedürfnisse anzugehen. Sie haben das Potenzial, die Symptomkontrolle zu verbessern, die Abhängigkeit von Medikamenten zu verringern und unerwünschte Nebenwirkungen zu minimieren. Neue Ansätze konzentrieren sich darauf, die normale Funktion des gastroösophagealen Übergangs wiederherzustellen, die Kompetenz des unteren Ösophagussphinkters zu erhöhen und die physiologischen Mechanismen der Refluxkontrolle zu erhalten, während das Risiko posttherapeutischer Komplikationen, wie Dysphagie und Blähungen, verringert wird. Aktuelle Daten zeigen vielversprechende Ergebnissen hinsichtlich der Symptomlinderung, der Verbesserung der Lebensqualität und der Reduktion der Säureexposition über einen längeren Zeitraum. Dennoch bleiben Herausforderungen bestehen, insbesondere bei der Entscheidung, welche individuelle Therapieoption anzubieten ist. Trotz der Verfügbarkeit neuartiger Behandlungen dienen PPI-Therapie und chirurgische Fundoplicatio weiterhin als Goldstandard. Allerdings treibt die wachsende Erkenntnis über die Einschränkungen, die mit diesen konventionellen Ansätzen verbunden sind, die Entwicklung neuer therapeutischer Strategien voran. Diese Innovationen haben das Potenzial, das Management der GERD zu verändern und eventuell hin zu einer personalisierten operativen Refluxchirurgie zu führen, indem sie weniger invasive Alternativen mit weniger Nebenwirkungen, einer besseren Standardisierung und einer einfacheren Technik anbieten.
Robust design heuristics for product costing systems: a replication and extension using an ABC cost hierarchy
Authors: Meyer Matthias , Schmidt Mark 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAccurately reported product costs are essential for many managerial decisions, such as product and resource planning, pricing, product mix decisions, and cost management. Balakrishnan et al. (Manag Sci 57(3):520–541, 2011) offered valuable managerial guidance on how costing system design heuristics affect the accuracy of reported product costs. This paper tests the internal and external validity of their numerical experiments and recommendations. Our replication results show that we are able to reproduce most of the findings, thereby confirming the results’ internal validity. To test external validity and assess the robustness of their findings, we modify a key model element by implementing a resource consumption pattern that follows a four-tier Activity-Based Costing (ABC) cost hierarchy, with which we repeat the numerical experiments. Although the design heuristics are mostly robust in this modified environment, the benefits of improving the costing system design are less straightforward and less linear. For instance, single plant-wide cost drivers outperform more information-demanding costing systems with few (2–4) cost pools. Consequently, given a four-tier ABC cost hierarchy, refining the costing system incrementally can reduce accuracy, leaving costing system designers stuck in the middle. Overall, our study supports Balakrishnan et al. (2011) results’ robustness but also identifies reasons why firms may still use simple costing systems.
Celebrating 50 years of the Bílik reaction: history and present
Authors: Hricovíniová Zuzana 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Epimerization reactions catalyzed by transition metals have changed the previous methods used in the synthesis of rare carbohydrates. In July 2024, we commemorated the 95th anniversary of the birth of Prof. Vojtech Bílik, the discoverer of a new reaction in the synthesis of rare carbohydrates. Over fifty years ago, many sugars were generally prepared by the Lobry de Bruyn–Alberda van Ekenstein isomerization reaction, which was the simplest method for a long period. However, this approach was not very efficient and the epimeric aldose was usually obtained in lower yield than the ketose. A new methodology introduced by Bílik in the 1970′s showed that the synthesis of epimeric aldoses mediated by the molybdenum Mo(VI) catalyst could significantly improve the preparation of rare aldoses without undesirable side reactions. Due to the simplicity and high efficiency of the reaction, the stereospecific Mo(VI)-catalyzed transformation of aldoses was used for preparative purposes and soon gained international recognition. The Mo(VI)-catalyzed epimerization reaction of aldoses was named after its discoverer, and it is the only reaction in the chemical literature of carbohydrates named after a Slovak scientist. On this anniversary, we take the opportunity to summarize the scientific achievements in this field of research.
Clinical management of indeterminate thyroid nodules needs to be revisited. New evidence for a personalized approach to the problem
Authors: Piticchio Tommaso , Wolde Sellasie S. , D’Arrigo F. , Galeano F. , Barca I. , Prinzi A. , Le Moli R. , Scappaticcio L. , Amendola S. , Guidobaldi L. , Nardone I. , Zaccaria S. , Pallotti F. , Uccioli L. , F. Frasca 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Thyroid nodules diagnosed by fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) as TIR3A or Class III subgroup “other types of atypia” (indeterminate thyroid nodules - ITNs), are the only ones without a unique clinical action indicated for management. This leads to multiple FNAC repetitions (FNAC-reps) and lifelong follow-up, with huge consumption of time and resources. The aims of the study were to inquire the usefulness of repeating FNAC in ITNs and perform an evaluation of a long-term follow-up of a large cohort of ITNs.

Methods
The study was conducted in two Italian high-volume tertiary centres. We selected patients who underwent the first FNAC with subsequent diagnosis of ITN in a centre involved and who then repeated it in the same institute.

Results
We included 506 patients. The FNAC-rep determined the “change in management indications” (CMIs) in 30 cases. The binomial test showed that this proportion was not significant (p 0.36). The factors related to CMIs were age (OR = 0.97; 95%CI = 0.95–0.99; p = 0.04), margins (OR = 5.6; 95%CI = 1.7–18.1; p = 0.004), and echogenicity (hypoechoic vs. isoechoic: OR = 5.2; 95%CI = 1.87–14.5; p = 0.002| hypoechoic vs. iso-anechoic: OR = 5.9; 95%CI = 1.32–26.2; p = 0.02). Follow-up of cases without CMIs showed that 20 of 476 cases required surgery. Of these, only four were malignant and all occurred within the first 8 years of observation.

Conclusions
The study demonstrated that FNAC-rep is useless for the most of cases, hence it should only be considered for young adults having nodules with suspicious characteristics. Furthermore, a 10-year follow-up for ITNs is safe enough rather than a long-life follow-up.
Allergen immunotherapy in children and adolescents: current aspects 2024
Authors: Gerstlauer Michael 
Published: December 2024

SummaryAllergen immunotherapy (AIT) is a proven treatment for allergic diseases such as allergic rhinoconjunctivitis (ARC), allergic asthma (AA) and insect sting allergy. Particularly in children and adolescents, who have a high prevalence of these diseases, AIT plays a crucial role in not only alleviating symptoms but also influencing the natural course of the disease. This article examines the use and importance of AIT in children and adolescents in Germany in the final phase of the Therapy Allergen Ordinance (TAV). The focus is on the efficacy and safety of the therapy, as well as the approval of the respective therapeutic allergens for the respective age group.
Eigenvalue variations of the Neumann Laplace operator due to perturbed boundary conditions
Authors: Nursultanov Medet , Trad William , Tzou Justin , Tzou Leo 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis work considers the Neumann eigenvalue problem for the weighted Laplacian on a Riemannian manifold $$(M,g,\partial M)$$

(
M
,
g
,
∂
M
)

under a singular perturbation. This perturbation involves the imposition of vanishing Dirichlet boundary conditions on a small portion of the boundary. We derive an asymptotic expansion of the perturbed eigenvalues as the Dirichlet part shrinks to a point $$x^*\in \partial M$$

x
∗

∈
∂
M

in terms of the spectral parameters of the unperturbed system. This asymptotic expansion demonstrates the impact of the geometric properties of the manifold at a specific point $$x^*$$

x
∗

. Furthermore, it becomes evident that the shape of the Dirichlet region holds significance as it impacts the first terms of the asymptotic expansion. A crucial part of this work is the construction of the singularity structure of the restricted Neumann Green’s function which may be of independent interest. We employ a fusion of layer potential techniques and pseudo-differential operators during this work.
Enhancing group interactions and story quality in primary school students: an investigation into the impact of collaborative storytelling methodologies
Authors: Filosofi Fabio , Pasqualotto Angela , Paolizzi Eleonora , Iandolo Giuseppe , Alonso-Campuzano Cristina , Venuti Paola 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis study examines the impact of collaborative storytelling methods on group interactions and story quality in primary school students. Participants (97 students, grades 1–3) engaged in tangible digital collaborative storytelling (TDST), collaborative digital storytelling (DST), and traditional storytelling (TST). The research explored three hypotheses: (1) TDST promotes more inclusive and prosocial interactions than DST, (2) collaborative stories show higher formal and content quality than individual stories, and (3) collaboration parameters influence story quality across methodologies. Employing a cross-sectional design, the findings demonstrated significant differences in group interactions and story characteristics In our study, students engaged in tangible digital collaborative storytelling (TDST) demonstrated reduced interruptions and enhanced task focus compared to traditional methods. Collaborative stories, particularly in TDST, were concise, with fewer off-task elements and higher narrative cohesion than individual stories. Notably, a significant correlation between story cohesion and inclusive space was observed. These findings highlight the significance of integrating tangible digital tools, providing valuable insights into enhancing collaborative storytelling for positive group dynamics and improved story quality among young students. This research holds implications for educational environments and therapeutic interventions, emphasizing the role of collaborative storytelling in fostering communication and group cohesion.
3D-Printed Polymer Scaffolds for Vascularized Bone Regeneration Using Mineral and Extracellular Matrix Deposition
Authors: Madhavarapu Shreya , Lakshmikanthan Adhithi , Cipriano James , Mai Linh , Frazier Brianna , Cook-Chennault Kimberly , Kanna Anila Jennet , Franco Francisco , Freeman Joseph W. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Trauma, injury, disease, infection, congenital deformities, and non-union after a fracture can lead to significant loss of bone tissue resulting in large bone defects. If left untreated, this can lead to decreased bone strength, stability, and function as well as long-term malformations. We present a novel, pre-vascularized 3D-printed biodegradable scaffold mimicking the architecture of native bone as a bone graft alternative to promote vascularized bone regeneration.

Methods
Scaffolds with a highly porous central trabecular section surrounded by an outer cortical section modeled after the bone’s osteons were 3D printed in polylactic acid (PLA). Hydroxyapatite (HA) posts were incorporated to improve mechanical strength. A soak-freeze technique was used to introduce additional porosity to support the recruitment, proliferation, and differentiation of stem cells. Scaffolds were mineralized to provide cues for osteoconduction and osteoinduction. They were also pre-vascularized to promote the differentiation of stem cells along the vascular lineage.

Results
Compression mechanical testing showed the addition of HA posts improved mechanical strength. Using the soak-freeze technique, micropores in the range of 0–10 µm were introduced. Osteogenic differentiation capability of the scaffolds was verified in vitro through the estimation of osteocalcin (OC) produced by the cells seeded on them and by staining for alkaline phosphatase. Differentiation of stem cells along the vascular lineage within the scaffold was confirmed via the estimation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF-A) and by staining for CD31, a marker for vascular differentiation.

Conclusion
This novel scaffold incorporated with cues necessary to promote the regeneration of bone and its vasculature shows promise as an alternative to currently used bone grafts.

Lay Summary
Significant bone loss caused by trauma, infection, or disease results in large defects that are currently treated using bone grafts—autografts (taken from the same patient), allografts and xenografts (donor tissue), or synthetic grafts. We have developed a tissue-engineered alternative that mimics the architecture of natural bone and has cues to promote both the regeneration of bone and its vasculature. These are fabricated using 3D printing (3DP) technology, providing cost-effective, customizable alternatives to conventional bone grafts.
Future Changes in the Contribution of Gulf of Mexico-Caribbean Sea Moisture Source: Impacts on Regional Precipitation Patterns
Authors: Fernandez-Alvarez José C. , Alvarez-Socorro Gleisis , Durán-Quesada Ana María , Nieto Raquel , Gimeno Luis 
Published: December 2024

AbstractCentral America (CA) and the eastern United States (US) is a region with a significant contribution from the Gulf of Mexico–Caribbean Sea (GM_CS) moisture source. In the context of climate change, sink patterns associated with this source may change implying significant changes in this region. Hence, this study determined future changes in the contributions to precipitation (PCs) associated with GM_CS. So, a dynamic downscaling methodology was considered using the regional climate model WRF-ARW and FLEXPART-WRF, forced with the CESM2 climate model. Specifically, a decrease in the GM_CS contribution in the CA region was projected for all seasons considered, showing a southward shift in the contribution pattern. Additionally, the sink pattern was projected to increase, but the area was projected to decrease, mainly by the end of the century, except in the autumn. In addition, for the southeastern US region, an increase in PCs in spring and autumn was projected for end-century, but a decrease in PCs by more than 40% in the summer months was projected. However, for the northeastern US, changes in PCs were amplified for both the mid- and end-century relative to the southeastern US region, with an increase projected for most periods, except for a slight decrease in the summer of 10%.
Association between frailty and adverse outcomes after cardiac resynchronization therapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Li Xiaowang , Fang Fei 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Aim
To synthesize evidence, using data from published studies, on the association of frailty with the outcomes after cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT).

Methods
The systematic search of PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Embase databases was done to identify observational studies (cohort/case–control/cross-sectional) that used an objective method for frailty assessment and had presented adjusted effect sizes. STATA version 15.0 was used to conduct analysis, which was based on random effects model.

Results
Fifteen studies were included. Frailty was found to be associated with an increased risk of in-hospital mortality (odds ratio (OR) 6.96, 95% confidence interval (CI) 5.48, 8.85). The effect of frailty on the response to CRT was not statistically significant (OR 0.55, 95% CI 0.19, 1.59). The pooled effect size indicated that frailty was associated with somewhat bigger but not statistically significant increase in the risk of complications (OR 1.70, 95% CI 0.93, 3.12). The risks of mortality and decompensated heart failure on long-term follow up were higher in frail patients (Hazard ratio (HR) 1.75, 95% CI 1.40, 2.17 and HR 3.03, 95% CI 1.33, 6.90, respectively) compared to patients without frailty. The risk of readmission was higher in frail patients, however, it did not achieve statistical significance (HR 2.63, 95% CI 0.89, 7.75).

Conclusion
Frail CRT patients could be at higher risks of mortality, decompensated heart failure, and may have potentially higher rates of complications. Integrating frailty assessment into pre-CRT evaluation and customizing interventions for frail patients might be an essential steps towards enhancing outcomes in this population.
Endoskopische und chirurgische Behandlung intestinaler Stenosen im Zusammenhang mit chronisch-entzündlichen Darmerkrankungen
Authors: Pfister Tabea , Zbinden Jonas , Misselwitz Benjamin , Burri Emanuel , Rieder Florian , Brügger Lukas , Wiest Reiner 
Published: December 2024

ZusammenfassungDer Morbus Crohn (MC), eine chronisch-entzündliche Darmerkrankung (CED), ist durch eine übergreifende transmurale Entzündung des Gastrointestinaltrakts gekennzeichnet, die zu entzündlichen und fibrotischen Stenosen führen kann. Bei etwa 20 % der Patient:innen mit einem MC werden innerhalb von 10 Jahren nach Diagnosestellung Stenosen beobachtet. Mithilfe der MR-Enteroklyse, welche neben der Abdomensonographie die Diagnostik der Wahl darstellt, kann eine CED-assoziierte Stenose optimal bezüglich Anatomie und assoziierter Komplikationen beurteilt werden. Bei rund 40–80 % dieser Patient:innen ist eine chirurgische Behandlung (Resektion oder Strikturoplastik) innerhalb von 10 Jahren nach der Diagnosestellung erforderlich. Daher ist eine frühzeitige und anhaltende interdisziplinäre Zusammenarbeit zwischen Gastroenterologie, interventioneller Endoskopie, Radiologie und Viszeralchirurgie von entscheidender Bedeutung bei der Behandlung von CED-assoziierten Stenosen. Die endoskopische Ballondilatation (EBD) zeigt bei Stenosen mit hierfür günstigen Voraussetzungen (z. B. kurzstreckig, d. h. < 5 cm, isoliert und/oder postoperativ = Anastomosenstenose ohne assoziierte Komplikationen, wie z. B. Abszess, Fistel oder Malignität) gute Ergebnisse in Bezug auf Sicherheit, kurz- und langfristige Wirksamkeit und Patient:innenzufriedenheit. Mithilfe dieser endoskopischen Intervention kann in solchen Fällen eine Operation verzögert oder verhindert werden. Schliesslich ist eine individuelle Herangehensweise je nach Krankheitsaktivität, Stenosenanatomie und -merkmalen sowie Patient:innenwunsch in enger interdisziplinärer Abstimmung und gemeinsamer Betreuung durch Gastroenterologie, interventionelle Endoskopie, Radiologie und Viszeralchirurgie essenziell für die bestmögliche Betreuung dieser Patient:innen.
Artificial intelligence, digital colonialism, and the implications for Africa’s future development
Authors: Salami Aishat Oyenike 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
In the mid to late 19th century, much of Africa was under colonial rule, with the colonisers exercising power over the labour and territory of Africa. However, as much as Africa has predominantly gained independence from traditional colonial rule, another form of colonial rule still dominates the African landscape. This similitude of these different forms of colonialism is found in the power dominance exhibited by Western technological corporations, just like the traditional colonialists. In this digital age, digital colonialism manifests in Africa through the control and ownership of critical digital infrastructure by foreign entities, leading to unequal data flow and asymmetrical power dynamics. This usually occurs under the guise of foreign corporations providing technological assistance to the continent.
By drawing references from the African continent, this article examines the manifestations of digital colonialism and the factors that aid its occurrence on the continent. It further explores the manifestations of digital colonialism in technologies such as Artificial Intelligence (AI) while analysing the occurrence of data exploitation on the continent and the need for African ownership in cultivating the digital future of the African continent. The paper also recognises the benefits linked to the use of AI and makes a cautious approach toward the deployment of AI tools in Africa. It then concludes by recommending the implementation of laws, regulations, and policies that guarantee the inclusiveness, transparency, and ethical values of new technologies, with strategies toward achieving a decolonised digital future on the African continent.
MAN2B1 in immune system-related diseases, neurodegenerative disorders and cancers: functions beyond α-mannosidosis
Authors: Han Yuwen , Zhou Yuanshuai , Pan Jinlin , Sun Minxuan , Yang Jiao 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Glycosylation modifications of proteins and glycan hydrolysis are critical for protein function in biological processes. Aberrations in glycosylation enzymes are linked to lysosomal storage disorders (LSDs), immune interactions, congenital disorders and tumour progression. Mannosidase alpha class 2B member 1 (MAN2B1) is a lysosomal hydrolase from the α-mannosidase family. Dysfunction of MAN2B1 has been implicated as causative factors in mannosidosis, a lysosomal storage disorder characterised by cognitive impairment, hearing loss and immune system and skeletal anomalies. Despite decades of research, its role in pathogenic infections, autoimmune conditions, cancers and neurodegenerative pathologies is highly ambiguous. Future studies are required to shed more light on the intricate functioning of MAN2B1. To this end, we review the biological functions, expression patterns, enzymatic roles and potential implications of MAN2B1 across various cell types and disease contexts. Additionally, the novel insights presented in this review may aid in understanding the role of MAN2B1 in immune cells, thereby paving the way for targeted therapeutic interventions in immune-related disorders.
Party Positioning Under Populist State Leaders
Authors: Garz Marcel , Singh Tanmay 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe implications of rising parliamentary representation of populist parties have been thoroughly studied but little is known about the impact of populist state leaders on party positions. In this article, we study mainstream parties' strategic responses when a populist takes over as the leader of a nation. We use content-analytical data and large language modelling to measure positions expressed in manifestos from parties from 51 democracies between 1989 and 2018. Employing methods for causal inference from observational data, we find that right-wing populist state leaders induce mainstream parties to differentiate their positions on multiculturalism, possibly leading to polarization of the party system. Under left-wing populist leaders, mainstream parties adopt more homogenous or differentiated positions, depending on the policy category and other contextual factors. Parties are generally more responsive in emerging than advanced countries and in presidential than parliamentary systems.