bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mutually‐induced traumatic alopecia responsive to husbandry modification in two cohabiting donkeys
Authors: Brément T. , Hermange T. , Degorce‐Rubiales F. , Combarros D. , Bourdeau P. , Bruet V. 
Published: August 2018

SummaryCutaneous expression of behavioural processes remains unexplored in donkeys. This case report describes a case of traumatic alopecia in two donkeys secondary to mutual hair plucking behaviour. Two genetically unrelated, male castrated, 4‐year‐old Cotentin donkeys living together were presented for a 2‐year history of alopecic, mainly nummular, nonpruritic lesions developing on the back, loin and croup. The general physical examination and behavioural assessment were unremarkable. Trichoscopy, scrapings and cytology were performed. Superficial bacterial infection was diagnosed but a 2‐week course of antibacterial treatment showed no improvement. Histopathological examination showed features compatible with traumatic alopecia and consistent with several behavioural causes of alopecia resembling human trichotillomania or acute traction alopecia, canine traction alopecia, feline self‐induced alopecia and murine barbering. Separation of the donkeys led to complete long‐term remission. Clinical and histopathological findings in our case share lots of similar features with the different mechanical traumatic alopecic disorders mentioned above, making it impossible to simply classify the described affection. Whether alopecic lesions resulted from an exclusive behavioural process (either abnormal excessive mutual grooming or other social interactions) or were associated with underlying causes of pruritus is uncertain. Mechanical alopecia secondary to a behavioural process should therefore be suspected in cases of permanent patchy alopecic nummular lesions on donkeys living in groups.
Estimates of Horizontal Groundwater Flow Velocities in Boreholes
Authors: Bayer‐Raich Martí , Credoz Anthony , Guimerà Jordi , Jordana Salvador , Sampietro Diego , Font‐Capó Jordi , Nief Nathalie , Grossemy Matthieu 
Published: August 2018

AbstractCurrently, monitoring tools can be deployed in observation boreholes to better assess groundwater flow, flux of dissolved contaminants and their mass discharge in an aquifer. The relationship between horizontal water velocity in observation boreholes and Darcy fluxes in the surrounding aquifer has been studied for natural flow conditions (i.e., no pumping). Interpretation of measurements taken with dilution tests, the colloidal borescope, the Heat Pulse Flowmeter, and other techniques require the conversion of observed borehole velocity u to aquifer Darcy flux q∞. This conversion is typically done through a proportionality factor α = u/q∞. In experimental studies as well as in theoretical developments, reported values of α vary almost three orders of magnitude (from 0.5 to 10). This large variability in reported values of α could be explained by: (1) unclear distinction between Darcy flux and water seepage velocity, (2) unclear definition of water velocity in the borehole, (3) effects of well screen and the presence of the measurement device itself on the observable velocities, and (4) hydraulic conditions in the borehole annulus. We address (1), (2) from a conceptual/theoretical perspective, and (3) by means of numerical simulations. We show that issue (1) in low porosity aquifers can yield to order‐of‐magnitude discrepancies in estimates of q∞; (2) may result in discrepancies of up to 50%, and (3) can cause differences up to 20% of water velocity in the borehole void space compared to the theoretical case of an open borehole.
Service satisfaction and helpfulness ratings, mental health literacy and help seeking barriers of carers of individuals with dual disabilities
Authors: Man Joyce , Kangas Maria 
Published: August 2018

AbstractBackgroundCarer mental health literacy and help seeking are areas that are not well researched in the intellectual disability field. This study aimed to explore the above including service utilization experiences of Australian parents with an offspring with an intellectual disability and a comorbid psychiatric disorder.MethodForty‐one parents took part in an online survey assessing satisfaction and helpfulness ratings of received services. Twenty‐six parents also completed items to assess mental health literacy and attitudinal barriers to help seeking.ResultsParents showed good mental health literacy with depression and with challenging behaviour associated with autism and poorer literacy with mixed presentations. Few attitudinal barriers to help seeking were reported. Parents reported varied helpfulness and satisfaction ratings with disability and mental health services.ConclusionsParents are capable of recognizing the need to seek professional help for their offspring. Implications for service coordination, provision and carer involvement are discussed.
Level of accuracy of diagnoses recorded in discharge summaries: A cohort study in three respiratory wards
Authors: Tsopra Rosy , Wyatt Jeremy C. , Beirne Paul , Rodger Kirsty , Callister Matthew , Ghosh Dipansu , Clifton Ian J. , Whitaker Paul , Peckham Daniel 
Published: August 2018

AbstractRationaleOne of the key functions of the discharge summary is to convey accurate diagnostic description of patients. Inaccurate or missing diagnoses may result in a false clinical picture, inappropriate management, poor quality of care, and a higher risk of re‐admission. While several studies have investigated the presence or absence of diagnoses within discharge summaries, there are very few published studies assessing the accuracy of these diagnoses. The aim of this study was to measure the accuracy of diagnoses recorded in sample summaries, and to determine if it was correlated with the type of diagnoses (eg, “respiratory” diagnoses), the number of diagnoses, or the length of patient stay.MethodsA prospective cohort study was conducted in three respiratory wards in a large UK NHS Teaching Hospital. We determined the reference list of diagnoses (the closest to the true state of the patient based on consultant knowledge, patient records, and laboratory investigations) for comparison with the diagnoses recorded in a discharge summary. To enable objective comparison, all patient diagnoses were encoded using a standardized terminology (ICD‐10). Inaccuracy of the primary diagnosis alone and all diagnoses in discharge summaries was measured and then correlated with type of diseases, number of diagnoses, and length of patient stay.ResultsA total of 107 of 110 consecutive discharge summaries were analysed. The mean inaccuracy rate per discharge summary was 55% [95% CI 52 to 58%]. Primary diagnoses were wrong, inaccurate, missing, or mis‐recorded as a secondary diagnosis in half the summaries. The inaccuracy rate was correlated with the type of disease but not with number of diagnoses nor length of patient stay.ConclusionOur study showed that diagnoses were not accurately recorded in discharge summaries, highlighting the need to measure and improve discharge summary quality.
Outcomes in thread lift for face and neck: A study performed with Silhouette Soft and Promo Happy Lift double needle, innovative and classic techniques
Authors: Rezaee Khiabanloo Samad , Jebreili Roghieh , Aalipour Ezatollah , Saljoughi Nazi , Shahidi Arian 
Published: August 2018

AbstractIntroductionIncreased demand for rejuvenation of the aging face has led to the evolution of various plastic surgery techniques. This study was conducted to evaluate the surgical efficacy and outcomes of the absorbable suture suspension system related to eyebrow, midface, mandibular, and neck lifting.Materials and MethodsIn this prospective review chart clinical study, a total of 193 patients were included in the study from January 2016 to May 2017. All participants underwent thread lifting using the Proma Happy Lift double needle and Silhouette Soft threads. The patients were followed up for first week and first, third, and sixth month after lifting surgery. Outcomes were assessed by two surgeons and patients based on the GAIS score.ResultsA total of 193 patients (mean age: 52.22 ± 11.74 year, range: 25‐89), 23 (11.9%) men and 170 (88.1%) women, were included in the study. The most common sites for the face lifting surgery were the jawline (46.1%), midface (33.7%), eyebrows (12.4%), and neck (7.8%). The level of satisfaction increased from 94% in the first week after surgery to 99% in the sixth month after surgery for patients, increased from 94% to 99% for surgeon 1, and increased from 83% to 98% for surgeon 2.ConclusionThe results showed that the level of satisfaction of patients and surgeons increased over time. These results demonstrated that facial rejuvenation thread lift with Proma Happy Lift double needle and Silhouette Soft threads is a being cosmetically more acceptance, safe, and effective procedure associated with minor complications.
The Intersection of Residence, Community Vulnerability, and Premature Mortality
Authors: Hale Nathan , Beatty Kate , Smith Michael 
Published: August 2018

AbstractPurposeRural communities often experience higher rates of mortality than their urban counterparts, with gaps widening in the foreseeable future. However, the underlying level of socioeconomic vulnerability (area deprivation) among rural communities can vary widely. This study examines rural‐urban differences in mortality‐related outcomes within comparable levels of deprivation.MethodsRural‐urban differences in Years of Potential Life Lost (YPLL), derived from the County Health Rankings, were examined across comparable levels of area deprivation using a quantile regression approach. Rural‐urban differences in YPLL were estimated at the 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, and 90th percentiles across levels of deprivation.FindingsCompared to the reference population (urban counties/least deprived) a clear increase in YPLL among both rural and urban counties was noted across levels of deprivation, with the highest level of YPLL occurring in counties with the most deprivation. While YPLL increased across levels of deprivation, the magnitude of these differences was markedly higher in rural counties compared to urban, particularly among the most deprived counties. Rural counties experienced an advantage at the lowest percentiles and levels of deprivation. However, this advantage quickly deteriorated, revealing significant rural disparities at the highest level of deprivation.ConclusionsThis study noted a differential effect in mortality‐related outcomes among rural counties within comparable levels of community deprivation. Findings contribute to evidence that many, but not all rural communities face a double disadvantage. This underscores the need for a continued focus on the development and implementation of multiple policies aimed at reducing differences in poverty, education, and access to care.
Annealing history of zircons from Apollo 14083 and 14303 impact breccias
Authors: Pidgeon R. T. , Merle R. E. , Grange M. L. , Nemchin A. A. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractBreccia boulders scattered around the 25 Ma Cone Crater near the Apollo 14 landing site provide a potential source of material ejected from the underlying Fra Mauro formation, which is interpreted to form from the ejecta blanket of the ~3.9 Ga Imbrium impact. However, questions remain as to whether all or some of the rocks collected are from the Fra Mauro Formation. In this contribution, we present new Raman measurements on zircons from impact breccias 14083 and 14303 that indicate a zircon radiation damage age of the breccias of 3900 ± 120 (2σ) Ma. These ages are compatible with a history of thermal shock during their emplacement as part of the Imbrium impact ejecta blanket. In contrast, previously published Raman analyses of zircons from a sample of breccia 14311 have a younger radiation damage age of 3410 ± 80 (2σ) Ma, confirming that this breccia had a different thermal history and was possibly unrelated to the Fra Mauro Formation. The radiation damage ages of breccias 14083 and 14303, in combination with previously published apatite U‐Pb ages, place constraints on the thermal conditions within the Imbrium ejecta blanket.
An experimental murine model of otitis and dermatitis caused by Malassezia pachydermatis
Authors: Schlemmer Karine B. , Jesus Francielli P. K. , Loreto Érico S. , Tondolo Juliana S. M. , Ledur Pauline C. , Dallabrida Andressa , da Silva Taiara M. , Kommers Glaucia D. , Alves Sydney H. , Santurio Janio M. 
Published: August 2018

SummaryWe report a malasseziosis model in immunocompromised Swiss mice. For this model, the mice were immunosuppressed with a combination of cyclophosphamide at 150 mg/kg and hydrocortisone acetate at 250 mg/kg. Two groups were formed according to the site of inoculation. Dermatitis group received an intradermal injection of 5 × 106 cell/mouse at a shaved dorsal region, while the otitis group received the same inoculum in the middle ear. Five animals/group were euthanised at different times, and the skin and ear were histopathologically analysed. During the first euthanasia, which occurred after inoculation, microscopic examination showed that all mice presented budding yeast‐like in a tissue sample. The presence of yeasts decreased over time being undetected on the 17th day (dermatitis group) and the 21st day (otitis group) after inoculation. This is the first murine model for malasseziosis that can be useful for evaluating new treatment approaches.
Colour Doppler ultrasound imaging of blood flows variations in neoplastic and non‐neoplastic testicular lesions in dogs
Authors: Bigliardi Enrico , Denti Laura , De Cesaris Valeria , Bertocchi Mara , Di Ianni Francesco , Parmigiani Enrico , Bresciani Carla , Cantoni Anna Maria 
Published: August 2018

ContentsTesticular tumours are the most common neoplasms in male dogs accounting for approximately 90% of all tumours affecting the genitourinary tract. Gray‐scale ultrasonography in combination with colour and power Doppler imaging has been well accepted as an accurate technique for assessing scrotal lesions and vascularization of the testis. Colour Doppler sensitivity for low blood flows appears promising in the study of testicular disorders. The aim of this study was to assess if colour and power Doppler ultrasound is a good tool for the investigation of testicular lesions in dogs, to report the sonographic features of lesions and to measure colour and power Doppler parameters such as resistive index (RI), pulsatility index (PI), hypovascularization and hypervascularization (VI) determining if they can be used to distinguish testicular neoplasms from the wide spectrum of non‐neoplastic pathological findings. In this study, 50 male dogs of various breeds, aged between 7 and 14 years, presented with testicular disorders were selected. RI and PI were calculated. Mean RI values for neoplastic, inflammatory and degenerative lesions were 0.54, 0.45 and 0.58, respectively. Mean PI values were 0.62, 0.55 and 0.63, respectively. Hypovascularization and hypervascularization of the lesion were evaluated throughout the vascularity index (VI). Vascular signals in neoplasms were significantly intensified around and inside the mass if compared with those measured during inflammatory and degenerative lesions. VI markedly increased in solid tumours. Pathological testes were removed; macroscopical, histological and immunoistochemical evaluations were carried out. Colour Doppler showed increased intralesional and peripheral flows in all neoplastic lesions analysed. No flows were detected around cysts.
Outcomes of Community‐Based Suicide Prevention Approaches That Involve Reducing Access to Pesticides: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Reifels Lennart , Mishara Brian L. , Dargis Luc , Vijayakumar Lakshmi , Phillips Michael R. , Pirkis Jane 
Published: August 2018

ObjectivePesticide ingestion is among the most commonly utilized means of suicide worldwide. Restricting access to pesticides at a local level is one strategy to address this major public health problem, but little is known about its effectiveness. We therefore conducted a systematic literature review to identify effective community‐based suicide prevention approaches that involve restricting access to pesticides.MethodWe searched Embase, Scopus, PsycINFO, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, and PubMed for well‐designed studies that reported on suicide‐related outcomes (i.e., attempted or completed suicide).ResultsWe identified only five studies that met our eligibility criteria (two randomized controlled trials, two studies with quasi‐experimental designs, and one study with a before‐and‐after design). These studies tested different interventions: the introduction of nonpesticide agricultural management, providing central storage facilities for pesticides, distributing locked storage containers to households, and local insecticide bans. The only sufficiently powered study produced no evidence of the effectiveness of providing household storage containers. Three interventions showed some promise in reducing pesticide suicides or attempts, with certain caveats.ConclusionsOur review identified three community interventions that show some promise for reducing pesticide suicides by restricting access to means, which will require replication in large, well‐designed trials before they can be recommended.
Microstructural evidence for the deep pulverization in a lower crustal meta‐anorthosite
Authors: Soda Yusuke , Okudaira Takamoto 
Published: August 2018

AbstractWe report on the evidence of the pulverization in a deep‐seated meta‐anorthosite in the Eidsfjord shear zone, Vesterålen, northern Norway. Some plagioclase porphyroclasts comprise a few large relict clasts and many fine grains that preserve the outlines of the original grains. The fine‐grained plagioclase does not show any plastic‐deformation microstructures and has strong crystallographic preferred orientations, which are inherited from the twinned porphyroclast. Misorientation‐axis distributions indicate that the grains have rotated randomly, so that the misorientation axes are not aligned with either the crystallographic or kinematic axes. The observed grain‐size distribution has a fractal dimension, suggesting their fracturing/fragmentation origin. The microstructures are characterized by the fracturing/fragmentation with a very low shear strain, indicating that it may be associated with pulverization at ~20–25 km depth.
Investigating the association between streetscapes and human walking activities using Google Street View and human trajectory data
Authors: Li Xiaojiang , Santi Paolo , Courtney Theodore K. , Verma Santosh K. , Ratti Carlo 
Published: August 2018

AbstractHaving an active lifestyle is recognized to positively contribute to public health. Creating more walkable streets and neighborhoods is an important way to promote an active lifestyle for urban residents. It is therefore important to understand how the urban built environment can influence human walking activities. In this study, we investigated the interaction of human walking activities and physical characteristics of streetscapes in Boston. A large number of anonymous pedestrian trajectories collected from a smartphone application were used to estimate human walking activities. Publicly accessible Google Street View images were used to estimate the amount of street greenery and the enclosure of street canyons, both of which were used to indicate the physical characteristics of streetscapes. The Walk Score and population were also added in the statistical analyses to control the influence of nearby urban facilities and population on human walking activities. Statistical analysis results show that both the street greenery and the enclosure of the street canyons are significantly associated with human walking activities. The associations between the streetscape variables and human walking activities vary in different land use types. The results of this study have implications for designing walkable and healthy cities.
Staphylococcus aureus
Biofilm Growth on Cystic Fibrosis Airway Epithelial Cells Is Enhanced during Respiratory Syncytial Virus Coinfection
Authors: Kiedrowski Megan R. , Gaston Jordan R. , Kocak Brian R. , Coburn Stefanie L. , Lee Stella , Pilewski Joseph M. , Myerburg Michael M. , Bomberger Jennifer M. 
Published: August 2018

The airways of individuals with cystic fibrosis (CF) are commonly chronically infected, and
Staphylococcus aureus
is the dominant bacterial respiratory pathogen in CF children. CF patients also experience frequent respiratory virus infections, and it has been hypothesized that virus coinfection increases the severity of
S. aureus
lung infections in CF. We investigated the relationship between
S. aureus
and the CF airway epithelium and observed that coinfection with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) enhances
S. aureus
biofilm growth. However, iron, which was previously found to be a significant factor influencing
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
biofilms during virus coinfection, plays a minor role in
S. aureus
coinfections. Transcriptomic analyses provided new insight into how bacterial and viral pathogens alter host defense and suggest potential pathways by which dampening of host responses to one pathogen may favor persistence of another in the CF airways, highlighting complex interactions occurring between bacteria, viruses, and the host during polymicrobial infections.
Feasibility, complications, morbidity, and mortality results at 6 months for aneurysm treatment with the Flow Re-Direction Endoluminal Device: report of SAFE study
Authors: Pierot Laurent , Spelle Laurent , Berge Jérôme , Januel Anne-Christine , Herbreteau Denis , Aggour Mohamed , Piotin Michel , Biondi Alessandra , Barreau Xavier , Mounayer Charbel , Papagiannaki Chrisanthi , Lejeune Jean-Paul , Gauvrit Jean-Yves , Costalat Vincent 
Published: August 2018

Background and purposeFlow diverters are increasingly used for the treatment of intracranial aneurysms. Evaluation of the first devices available for clinical use showed high efficacy of this treatment although safety results were worse compared with coiling or balloon-assisted coiling. TheSafety and EfficacyAnalysis ofFREDEmbolic Device in Aneurysm Treatment (SAFE) trial is a single-arm, multicenter, prospective study conducted to precisely analyze the safety and efficacy of the FRED and FRED Jr devices.MethodsUnruptured and recanalized aneurysms located in the anterior circulation treated with FRED and FRED Jr were prospectively included. Adverse events were independently evaluated by a Clinical Event Committee with a vascular neurosurgeon and an interventional neuroradiologist. Primary safety outcome measures were morbidity and mortality rates at 6 months after treatment.ResultsA total of 103 patients/aneurysms were included in 13 interventional neuroradiology (INR) centers. Aneurysm locations were supraclinoid internal carotid artery (ICA) in 71 (68.9%), cavernous ICA in 15 (14.6%), anterior cerebral artery or anterior communicating artery in nine (8.7%), and middle cerebral artery in eight (7.8%). Aneurysms were small (<10 mm) in 71 patients (68.9%). Treatment was successfully performed in 98/103 patients (95.1%). Thromboembolic (TE) complications occurred in 5/103 patients (4.9%), intraoperative rupture in 2/103 patients (1.9%), delayed aneurysm rupture in 1/103 patient (1.0%), and delayed hematoma occurred in 1/103 patient (1.0%). Six-months' mortality and morbidity rates were 1/102 (1.0%) and 2/102 (2.0%), respectively.ConclusionsAneurysm treatment with the FRED device is safe with low mortality (1.0%) and morbidity (2.0%).Clinical trial registrationNCT02921698.