bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Making oil from magma
Authors: Muirhead D. K. , Duffy M. , Schofield N. , Mark N. , Rowe M. D. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Petroleum systems within rifted margin basins affected by volcanism continue to remain challenging for the exploration of hydrocarbons, most notably owing to the volume of intrusions that pose imaging, drilling and exploration problems. Typically, intrusions possess small thermal aureoles, but despite this, there is evidence that intrusions could none the less be responsible for the generation of commercial volumes of hydrocarbons. Here we shed new light on this petroleum systems challenge by integrating organic geochemical and Raman spectroscopic techniques to produce potential volumetric data for hydrocarbons generated as a result of igneous intrusion. The results indicate that, in areas with immature source rock intervals, it may be possible for intrusions to generate volumes of oil that would be capable of comfortably filling likely known oil reservoirs. This is a critical step forward in integrating several analytical techniques, indicating that under the right conditions there is the potential for hydrocarbon generation as a result of igneous intrusion.
RETRACTED: KMT2C Mutations in Diffuse-Type Gastric Adenocarcinoma Promote Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition
Authors: Cho Soo-Jeong , Yoon Changhwan , Lee Jun Ho , Chang Kevin K. , Lin Jian-xian , Kim Young-Ho , Kook Myeong-Cherl , Aksoy Bülent Arman , Park Do Joong , Ashktorab Hassan , Smoot Duane T. , Schultz Nikolaus , Yoon Sam S. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract

Purpose:
Lauren diffuse-type gastric adenocarcinomas (DGAs) are generally genomically stable. We identified lysine (K)-specific methyltransferase 2C (KMT2C) as a frequently mutated gene and examined its role in DGA progression.

Experimental Design:
We performed whole exome sequencing on tumor samples of 27 patients with DGA who underwent gastrectomy. Lysine (K)-specific methyltransferase 2C (KMT2C) was analyzed in DGA cell lines and in patient tumors.

Results:
KMT2C was the most frequently mutated gene (11 of 27 tumors [41%]). KMT2C expression by immunohistochemistry in tumors from 135 patients with DGA undergoing gastrectomy inversely correlated with more advanced tumor stage (P = 0.023) and worse overall survival (P = 0.017). KMT2C shRNA knockdown in non-transformed HFE-145 gastric epithelial cells promoted epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) as demonstrated by increased expression of EMT-related proteins N-cadherin and Slug. Migration and invasion in gastric epithelial cells following KMT2C knockdown increased by 47- to 88-fold. In the DGA cell lines MKN-45 and SNU-668, which have lost KMT2C expression, KMT2C re-expression decreased expression of EMT-related proteins, reduced cell migration by 52% to 60%, and reduced cell invasion by 50% to 74%. Flank xenografts derived from KMT2C-expressing DGA organoids, compared with wild-type organoids, grew more slowly and lost their infiltrative leading edge. EMT can lead to the acquisition of cancer stem cell (CSC) phenotypes. KMT2C re-expression in DGA cell lines reduced spheroid formation by 77% to 78% and reversed CSC resistance to chemotherapy via promotion of DNA damage and apoptosis.

Conclusions:
KMT2C is frequently mutated in certain populations with DGA. KMT2C loss in DGA promotes EMT and is associated with worse overall survival.
A Clinical and Molecular Phase II Trial of Oral ENMD-2076 in Ovarian Clear Cell Carcinoma (OCCC): A Study of the Princess Margaret Phase II Consortium
Authors: Lheureux Stephanie , Tinker Anna , Clarke Blaise , Ghatage Prafull , Welch Stephen , Weberpals Johanne I. , Dhani Neesha C. , Butler Marcus O. , Tonkin Katia , Tan Qian , Tan David S.P. , Brooks Kelly , Ramsahai Janelle , Wang Lisa , Pham Nhu-An , Shaw Patricia A. , Tsao Ming S. , Garg Swati , Stockley Tracey , Oza Amit M. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract

Purpose:
Patients with recurrent ovarian clear cell carcinoma (OCCC) have limited effective options due to chemoresistance. A phase II study was designed to assess the activity of ENMD-2076, an oral multitarget kinase selective against Aurora A and VEGFR.

Patients and Methods:
This multicenter phase II study included patients with recurrent OCCC who received prior platinum-based chemotherapy. Primary endpoints were objective response and 6-month progression-free survival (PFS) rates. Correlative analyses include ARID1A and PTEN expression by IHC and gene sequencing with a targeted custom capture next-generation sequencing panel.

Results:
Forty patients were enrolled with a median age of 54, of which 38 patients were evaluable. ENMD-2076 was well tolerated with main related grade 3 toxicities being hypertension (28%), proteinuria (10%), and diarrhea (10%). Best response was partial response for 3 patients (1 unconfirmed) and stable disease for 26 patients. The overall 6-month PFS rate was 22% and differed according to ARID1A expression (ARIDIA− vs. ARID1A+; 33% vs. 12%, P = 0.023). PTEN-positive expression was observed in 20 of 36 patients, and there was no correlation with outcome. Median PFS in patients with PI3KCA wild-type versus PI3KCA-mutated group was 5 versus 3.7 months (P = 0.049). Molecular profiling showed variants in PI3KCA (27%), ARID1A (26%), and TP53 (7%). The patient with the longest treatment duration (22 months) was PTEN wild-type, diploid PTEN with putative biallelic inactivation of ARID1A.

Conclusions:
Single-agent ENMD-2076 did not meet the preset bar for efficacy. Loss of ARID1A correlated with better PFS on ENMD-2076 and warrants further investigation as a potential predictive biomarker.
Neo-Mandaic in Early Mandaean Colophons. Part 1: Linguistic Features
Authors: Morgenstern Matthew 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Neo-Mandaic [NM] is a direct descendant of a dialect very close to its classical predecessor. By the time the earliest surviving Mandaean manuscripts were copied, spoken Mandaic already showed many of the developments that distinguish the modern vernaculars from the classical language. This article, the first of two, identifies those features. The second article presents the texts and a brief assessment of the sources of change.
Legitimacy and the Life Course: An Age-graded Examination of Changes in Legitimacy Attitudes over Time
Authors: McLean Kyle , Wolfe Scott E. , Pratt Travis C. 
Published: August 2018

Objectives: A body of literature has demonstrated that the perceived legitimacy of legal authorities is an important predictor of criminal offending. Criminal offending is itself age-graded and good explanations of offending should offer some insight for how it changes as individuals age. This article attempts to address this gap by developing and testing seven hypotheses regarding how legitimacy changes over time. Method: Using panel data from the Pathways to Desistance study, a latent growth model (LGM) for legitimacy examines how evaluations of legitimacy change from adolescence to emerging adulthood as well as what factors influence this change. Results: During the period individuals were involved in the study, the LGM revealed that perceptions of legitimacy increase as individuals progress through adolescence before stabilizing in emerging adulthood. Several theoretical factors were related to individuals’ legitimacy evaluations including parental evaluations of legitimacy, family support, emotionality, and self-control. Most importantly, perceptions of procedural justice were found to be related to legitimacy, but this relationship weakened as individuals aged. Conclusions: Evaluations of the legitimacy of legal authorities are, in fact, age-graded. Criminologists should continue to explore the sources of legitimacy evaluations in further developing legitimacy as an important theory of criminal behavior.
Microvascular complications of diabetes worsen long-term functional outcomes after acute ischemic stroke
Authors: Li Longling , Li Changqing 
Published: August 2018

Objective This study was performed to evaluate the potential predictors of poor outcomes associated with diabetes-specific microvascular pathologies and to analyze their influence on clinical outcomes by adjusting for other well-known prognostic factors in patients with acute ischemic stroke. Methods We analyzed 1389 consecutive adult patients with acute ischemic stroke and explored the relationship among clinical characteristics, laboratory measurements, imaging findings, and 6-month functional outcomes. Results The final study population comprised 216 patients with both acute ischemic stroke and diabetes mellitus who were followed up for 6 months. A multiple logistic regression analysis of poor outcomes revealed the following independent predictors: leukoaraiosis severity [odds ratio (OR), 7.38; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.40–38.86, per 1-point increase), diabetic nephropathy (OR, 10.66; 95% CI, 1.10–103.43), and the admission National Institutes of Health stroke scale score (OR, 2.58; 95% CI, 1.36–4.92 per 1-point increase). In this model, admission hyperglycemia and intracerebral hemorrhagic transformation were not independent prognostic predictors. Conclusion Microvascular complications (such as nephropathy) caused by diabetes mellitus predict an unfavorable clinical outcome after acute ischemic stroke. Diabetic nephropathy may partly affect post-stroke prognosis by means of exacerbating leukoaraiosis.
The content of reablement: Exploring occupational and physiotherapy interventions
Authors: Zingmark Magnus , Evertsson Bodil , Haak Maria 
Published: August 2018

Statement of context Occupational therapists and physiotherapists in a Swedish municipality answered a web-based survey about their reablement interventions. Critical reflection on practice There were overlapping areas as well as differences regarding the focus of occupational and physiotherapy interventions. Regarding the duration of interventions, occupational therapy was implemented over a short time span in contrast to physiotherapy, which had a longer duration. Both professions used valid and reliable instruments to a very limited extent. Implications for practice If other areas than self-care and mobility are to be addressed within reablement there is a need to critically reflect on the focus, content and duration of reablement interventions. Valid and reliable assessments can be utilised to a greater extent to guide goal-setting, the focus of interventions and to evaluate effects.
Environmental profile of an innovative household biowaste dryer system based on Life Cycle Assessment
Authors: Konstantzos Giorgos E , Malamis Dimitrios , Sotiropoulos Aggelos , Loizidou Maria 
Published: August 2018

An alternative approach to biowaste management involves the application of an innovative household dryer for the dehydration of biowaste at source, in order to significantly reduce its mass and volume, and subsequently the collection frequency. The main objective of this work is to assess the potential impacts of the system under examination, which involves the household dryer use and kerbside collection of the dehydrated residues (biomass), by conducting a Life Cycle Assessment study. The stages considered in the present study include the following: (a) the construction of the household biowaste dryer; (b) the use of the dryer and the collection of dehydrated residues; (c) the end-of-life treatment of the dryer. The results revealed that emissions coming from kerbside collection account for the vast majority of the total emissions from each category examined, apart from Terrestrial Ecotoxicity, where lignite, heavy fuel oil and diesel combustion during electricity production affect mainly this category. The potential impact in Global Warming over 100 years was estimated to be 8.87 kg CO2 eq / t biowaste. The Human Toxicity Potential was 1.86 kg 1,4-DB eq / t biowaste, Terrestrial Ecotoxicity Potential was 0.027 kg 1,4-DB eq / t biowaste, Freshwater Aquatic Ecotoxicity Potential was 0.0126 kg 1,4-DB eq / t biowaste and Marine Aquatic Ecotoxicity Potential was 521.85 kg 1,4-DB eq / t biowaste. Acidification Potential was estimated at 0.035 kg SO2 eq / t biowaste, while Eutrophication Potential was 0.0065 kg PO4— eq / t biowaste. Finally, Photochemical Oxidation Potential was 0.0014 kg C2H4 eq / t biowaste.
Environmental policies for drinks packaging in Georgia: A mini-review of EPR policies with a focus on incentive compatibility
Authors: Wiesmeth Hans , Shavgulidze Nino , Tevzadze Nino 
Published: August 2018

The paper investigates various approaches to an environmental policy regarding drinks containers in Georgia. Currently, most of the waste containers are landfilled or pollute the environment through littering, and separate collection and recycling of drinks containers are almost nonexistent. The Association Agreement with the EU, which entered into force in July 2016, stipulates the development of up-to-date waste management activities in this transition country. In accordance with the legal framework, this mini-review proposes an EPR policy for Georgia, based on the waste hierarchy. Various approaches for such an EPR policy are reviewed as regards their feasibility for a transition country, but in particular with regard to incentive compatibility: the policy should guide producers and consumers to comply with the regulations. Some cost estimates demonstrate the financial feasibility of the recommended solution. Practical experiences from Austria, Bulgaria, France and Germany provide a European context.
Longitudinal evaluation of diffusion tensor imaging and cognition in systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Kozora E , Filley C M , Erkan D , Uluğ A M , Vo A , Ramon G , Burleson A , Zimmerman R D , Lockshin M D 
Published: August 2018

Objective This pilot study aimed to examine longitudinal changes in brain structure and function in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and neuropsychological testing. Methods Fifteen female SLE patients with no history of major neuropsychiatric (NP) manifestations had brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with DTI at baseline and approximately 1.5 years later. At the same time points, a standardized battery of cognitive tests yielding a global cognitive impairment index (CII) was administered. At baseline, the SLE patients had mean age of 34.0 years (SD = 11.4), mean education of 14.9 years (SD = 2.1), and mean disease duration of 121.5 months (SD = 106.5). The MRI images were acquired with a 3T GE MRI scanner. A DTI sequence with 33 diffusion directions and b-value of 800 s/mm2 was used. Image acquisition time was about 10 minutes. Results No significant change in cognitive dysfunction (from the CII) was detected. Clinically evaluated MRI scans remained essentially unchanged, with 62% considered normal at both times, and the remainder showing white matter (WM) hyperintensities that remained stable or resolved. DTI showed decreased fractional anisotropy (FA) and increased mean diffusivity (MD) in bilateral cerebral WM and gray matter (GM) with no major change in NP status, medical symptoms, or medications over time. Lower FA was found in the following regions: left and right cerebral WM, and in GM areas including the parahippocampal gyrus, thalamus, precentral gyrus, postcentral gyrus, angular gyrus, parietal lobe, and cerebellum. Greater MD was found in the following regions: left and right cerebral WM, frontal cortex, left cerebral cortex, and the putamen. Conclusions This is the first longitudinal study of DTI and cognition in SLE, and results disclosed changes in both WM and GM without cognitive decline over an 18-month period. DTI abnormalities in our participants were not associated with emergent NP activity, medical decline, or medication changes, and the microstructural changes developed in the absence of macrostructural abnormalities on standard MRI. Microstructural changes may relate to ongoing inflammation, and the stability of cognitive function may be explained by medical treatment, the variability of NP progression in SLE, or the impact of cognitive reserve.
The effects of prearrival direct notification call to interventional cardiologist on door-to-balloon time in patients who required secondary diversion with ST-elevation myocardial infarction for primary percutaneous coronary intervention
Authors: Choe Jeong Cheon , Cha Kwang Soo , Choi Jin Hee , Ahn Jinhee , Kim Jin Hee , Park Jin Sup , Yang Mi Jin , Lee Hye Won , Oh Jun-Hyok , Choi Jung Hyun , Lee Han Cheol , Hong Taek Jong 
Published: August 2018

Background: Rapid door-to-balloon times in ST-elevation myocardial infarction patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention are associated with favorable outcomes. Objectives: We evaluated the effects of prearrival direct notification calls to interventional cardiologists on door-to-balloon time for ST-elevation myocardial infarction patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention. Methods: A 24-h hotline was created to allow prearrival direct notification calls to interventional cardiologists when transferring ST-elevation myocardial infarction patients. In an urban, tertiary referral center, patients who visited via inter-facility or the emergency department directly were included. Clinical parameters, time to reperfusion therapy, and in-hospital mortality were compared between patients with and without prearrival notifications. Results: Of 228 ST-elevation myocardial infarction patients, 95 (41.7%) were transferred with prearrival notifications. In these patients, door-to-balloon time was shorter (50.0 vs 60.0 min, p = 0.010) and the proportion of patients with door-to-balloon time < 90 min was higher (89.5% vs 75.9%, p = 0.034) than patients without notifications. These improvements were more pronounced during “off-duty” hours (52.0 vs 78.0 min, p = 0.001; 88.3% vs 72.3%, p = 0.047, respectively) than during “on-duty” hours (37.5 vs 43.5 min, p = 0.164; 94.4% vs 79.4%, p = 0.274, respectively). In addition, door-to-activation time (–39 vs 11 min, p < 0.001) and door-to-catheterization laboratory arrival time (33 vs 42 min, p = 0.007) were shorter in patients with prearrival notifications than those without. However, in-hospital mortality was similar between the two groups (6.3% vs 6.8%, p = 0.892). Conclusion: Prearrival direct notification calls to interventional cardiologists significantly improved the door-to-balloon time and the proportion of patients with door-to-balloon time < 90 min through rapid patient transport in primary percutaneous coronary intervention scheduled hospital and readiness of the catheterization laboratory.
Differentiating Takotsubo cardiomyopathy from ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction
Authors: Asher Elad , Odeh Qasim , Sabbag Avi , Goldkorn Ronen , Elian Dan , Ben Zekry Sagit , Peled Yael , Abu-Much Arsalan , Mazin Israel , Beigel Roy , Matetzky Shlomi ,   ; for the Platelets and Thrombosis in Sheba-PLATIS Study Group
Published: August 2018

Background: Takotsubo cardiomyopathy affects between 1.7% and 2.2% of patients hospitalized with suspected acute coronary syndromes. Characterized by chest pain, electrocardiogram changes, and transient left ventricular apical wall motion abnormality, it is under-recognized and often misdiagnosed. Objectives: In order to better differentiate between St-segment myocardial infarction and Takotsubo cardiomyopathy, we developed a scoring system. Methods: Of the 82 patients enrolled with Takotsubo cardiomyopathy, 67 had ST-segment elevation on electrocardiogram and were compared with 79 ST-elevation myocardial infarction patients. A multi-variant logistic regression model was used to find factors independently associated with Takotsubo cardiomyopathy. The Platelets and Thrombosis in Sheba (PLATIS)-Takotsubo cardiomyopathy is based on a 10-point scoring system: stressful events (3), females (2), no history of diabetes mellitus (2), estimated left ventricular ejection fraction ≤ 40% on admission echo (1), positive troponin on admission (1), and no smoking (1). Patients with Takotsubo cardiomyopathy were older (66 ± 11 vs 60 ± 11 years, p < 0.001), predominantly female (90% vs 15%, p < 0.001), with a lower incidence of diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, and smoking. Nevertheless, in-hospital mortality was similar in both groups. Results: In a multivariate logistic regression analysis, the average Platelets and Thrombosis in Sheba-Takotsubo cardiomyopathy scoring was significantly higher in Takotsubo cardiomyopathy compared with ST-elevation myocardial infarction patients (8.35 ± 1.7 vs 3.42 ± 1.6, p < 0.001). With an overall score of ≥7, the receiver-operating characteristic curve was 0.82 with a sensitivity of 75% and a specificity of 89% (positive predictive value = 85% and negative predictive value = 80%). Conclusion: The Takotsubo cardiomyopathy scoring system is a simple, reliable tool that can assist in diagnosing and differentiating between patients with Takotsubo cardiomyopathy and those with ST-elevation myocardial infarction.
Experimental study on sliding mode variable structure control of active vibration isolation system of floating raft under multiple excitations
Authors: Wen Xianglong , Yi Kang , Song Chunsheng , Zhang Jinguang 
Published: August 2018

The frequency components of vibration signal in vibration isolation system under multiple excitations are quite complex.Self-adaptive feedforward control method based on Least Mean Square algorithm has strict requirements for reference signal, which results in a certain restriction on its practical application. Sliding mode variable structure control method needs neither complicated reference signal nor accurate mathematical model. It has the strong robustness for external disturbance and system parameter perturbation, and the physical implementation is simple. To this end, application of sliding mode variable structure control method is studied. First, mathematical model of the control channel through system is established for identification. Second, the discrete sliding mode variable structure controller based on state-space model is designed to carry out simulation and experiment. The experimental result indicates that root mean square value of vibration signal after control is decreased by 57.90%, of which the amplitudes of two main frequency components 17 and 25 Hz reduce by 42.66 and 72.71%, respectively. This shows that sliding mode variable structure control is an effective control method for active vibration isolation of floating raft under multiple excitations.