bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nonlinear Migration Dynamics of Excess Electrons along Linear Oligopeptides Controlled by an Applied Electric Field
Authors: Song Xiufang , Fu Qiang , Bu Yuxiang 
Published: March 2019

AbstractMigration of an excess electron along linear oligopeptides governed by the external electric field (Eex) which is against the inner dipole electric field is theoretically investigated, including the effects of Eex on the structural and electronic properties of electron migration. Two structural properties including electron‐binding ability and the dipole moment of linear oligopeptides are sensitive to the Eex values and can be largely modulated by Eex due to the competition of Eex and the inner electric field and electron transfer caused by Eex. In the case of low Eex values, two structural properties decrease slightly, while for high Eex values, the electron‐binding ability continually increases strongly, with dipole moments firstly increasing significantly and then increasing more slowly at higher Eex. Additionally, linear oligopeptides of different chain lengths influence the modulation extent of Eex and the longer the chain length is, the more sensitive modulation of Eex is. In addition, electronic properties represented by electron spin densities and singly occupied molecular orbital distributions vary with Eex intensities, leading to an unusual electron migration behavior. As Eex increases, an excess electron transfers from the N‐terminus to the C‐terminus and jumps over a neighboring dipole unit of two termini to other units, respectively, instead of transferring by means of a one‐by‐one dipole unit hopping mechanism. These findings not only promote a deeper understanding of the connection between Eex and structural and electronic properties of electron transfer behavior in peptides, but also provide a new insight into the modulation of electron migration along the oligopeptides.
Emergent Soft Lithographic Tools for the Fabrication of Functional Polymeric Microstructures
Authors: Rose Mark A. , Bowen John J. , Morin Stephen A. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe front cover artwork is provided by the Morin Group, University of Nebraska ‐ Lincoln. The image shows an artistic rendering of emergent soft lithographic methods where each new technique is represented by an additional “card” in the expanding “deck” of soft lithography. Read the full text of the Review at 10.1002/cphc.201801140.
A Systematic Study of Metal Triflates in Catalytic Transformations of Glucose in Water and Methanol: Identifying the Interplay of Brønsted and Lewis Acidity
Authors: Bodachivskyi Iurii , Kuzhiumparambil Unnikrishnan , Williams D. Bradley G. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe specific type of acidity associated with the given metal trifloromethanesulfonates (Brønsted or Lewis acidity) dramatically influences the course of reactions, and it is possible to select for disaccharides, fructose, methyl glucosides, or methyl levulinate. Glucose is transformed into a range of value‐added molecules in water and methanol under the action of acidic metal triflates as catalysts, including their analogous Brønsted acid‐assisted or Brønsted base‐modified systems. A systematic study is presented of a range of metal triflates in methanol and water, pinning down the preferred conditions to select for each product.
Band Alignment Engineering Towards High Efficiency Carbon‐Based Inorganic Planar CsPbIBr2 Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Zhu Weidong , Zhang Zeyang , Chai Wenming , Zhang Qianni , Chen Dazheng , Lin Zhenhua , Chang Jingjing , Zhang Jincheng , Zhang Chunfu , Hao Yue 
Published: March 2019

AbstractPerovskite CsPbIBr2 is attracting ever‐increasing attention for carbon‐based, all‐inorganic solar cells, owing to its well‐balanced band gap and stability features. However, significant interfacial recombination of charge carriers in solar cells fabricated with this active layer, which is intrinsically associated with the unwanted conduction band misalignment between CsPbIBr2 and the commonly used TiO2 electron transport layer, has limited power conversion efficiency (PCE) values. Herein, we demonstrate successful conduction band alignment engineering at the TiO2/CsPbIBr2 heterojunction by modifying TiO2 with CsBr clusters. Such modification triggers a beneficial increase in the conduction band minimum (CBM) of TiO2 from −4.00 to −3.81 eV and decreases the work function from 4.11 to 3.86 eV, thus promoting favorable band alignment at the heterojunction, suppressing recombination, and improving extraction and transport of charge carriers. As a result, the carbon‐based, all‐inorganic CsPbIBr2 solar cells exhibit over 20 % enhancement in average PCE. The champion device achieves a PCE of 10.71 %, a record among pure CsPbIBr2‐based cells, open‐circuit voltage of 1.261 V, and excellent stability.
A new six‐dimensional hyperchaotic system and its secure communication circuit implementation
Authors: Wang Jing , Yu Wenxin , Wang Junnian , Zhao Yanming , Zhang Jing , Jiang Dan 
Published: March 2019

SummaryIn the paper, a novel six‐dimensional hyperchaotic system is proposed for secure communication. A detailed analysis of some relevant features, such as equilibrium stability, dissipation, bifurcation, and Lyapunov exponents. The results show that there are hyperchaos, chaos, quasi‐periodic, and periodic dynamic behaviors for our constructed hyperchaotic system. Then the six‐dimensional hyperchaotic system is simulated and implemented, which verified its physical realizability. The six‐dimensional hyperchaotic system is applied to complete the signal encryption and decryption circuit design, then the circuit is tested. The results indicate that the proposed hyperchaotic system can play an important role in some key areas such as communication security and complex systems.
Agr2‐interacting Prod1‐like protein Tfp4 from Xenopus laevis is necessary for early forebrain and eye development as well as for the tadpole appendage regeneration
Authors: Tereshina Maria B. , Ivanova Anastasiya S. , Eroshkin Fedor M. , Korotkova Daria D. , Nesterenko Alexey M. , Bayramov Andrey V. , Solovieva Elena A. , Parshina Elena A. , Orlov Eugeny E. , Martynova Natalia Y. , Zaraisky Andrey G. 
Published: March 2019

SummaryThe Agr family genes, Ag1, Agr2, and Agr3, encode for the thioredoxin domain containing secreted proteins and are specific only for vertebrates. These proteins are attracting increasing attention due to their involvement in many physiological and pathological processes, including exocrine secretion, cancer, regeneration of the body appendages, and the early brain development. At the same time, the mode by which Agrs regulate intracellular processes are poorly understood. Despite that the receptor to Agr2, the membrane anchored protein Prod1, has been firstly discovered in Urodeles, and it has been shown to interact with Agr2 in the regenerating limb, no functional homologs of Prod1 were identified in other vertebrates. This raises the question of the mechanisms by which Agrs can regulate regeneration in other lower vertebrates. Recently, we have identified that Tfp4 (three‐fingers Protein 4), the structural and functional homolog of Prod1 in Anurans, interacts with Agr2 in Xenopus laevis embryos. In the present work we show by several methods that the activity of Tfp4 is essential for the tadpole tail regeneration as well as for the early eye and forebrain development during embryogenesis. These data show for the first time the common molecular mechanism of regeneration regulation in amphibians by interaction of Prod1 and Agr2 proteins.
Genetic tagging in the Anthropocene: scaling ecology from alleles to ecosystems
Authors: Lamb Clayton T. , Ford Adam T. , Proctor Michael F. , Royle J. Andrew , Mowat Garth , Boutin Stan 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe Anthropocene is an era of marked human impact on the world. Quantifying these impacts has become central to understanding the dynamics of coupled human‐natural systems, resource‐dependent livelihoods, and biodiversity conservation. Ecologists are facing growing pressure to quantify the size, distribution, and trajectory of wild populations in a cost‐effective and socially acceptable manner. Genetic tagging, combined with modern computational and genetic analyses, is an under‐utilized tool to meet this demand, especially for wide‐ranging, elusive, sensitive, and low‐density species. Genetic tagging studies are now revealing unprecedented insight into the mechanisms that control the density, trajectory, connectivity, and patterns of human–wildlife interaction for populations over vast spatial extents. Here, we outline the application of, and ecological inferences from, new analytical techniques applied to genetically tagged individuals, contrast this approach with conventional methods, and describe how genetic tagging can be better applied to address outstanding questions in ecology. We provide example analyses using a long‐term genetic tagging dataset of grizzly bears in the Canadian Rockies. The genetic tagging toolbox is a powerful and overlooked ensemble that ecologists and conservation biologists can leverage to generate evidence and meet the challenges of the Anthropocene.
Confirmatory factor analysis and measurement invariance of the eating disorders examination‐questionnaire across four male samples in Argentina
Authors: Compte Emilio J. , Nagata Jason M. , Sepúlveda Ana R. , Schweiger Sofia , Sbdar Lara S. , Silva Bárbara Camila , Bressan Michelle , Rivas Andrés , Menga Sol , Cortes Camila , Bidacovich German , López Pablo L. , Muiños Roberto , Rutsztein Guillermina , Torrente Fernando , Murray Stuart B. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractObjectiveThe eating disorder examination‐questionnaire (EDE‐Q) is among the most widely used instruments in eating disorder research and clinical practice. However, the underlying structure remains a source of confusion, and contradictory results have emerged in studies among male populations. In the current study, we examined previously proposed models of EDE‐Q structure in four community samples of Argentinian men.MethodA series of confirmatory factor analyses (CFAs) were performed for five previous factor structure models of the EDE‐Q among 232 Argentinian male university students, 277 weightlifters, 275 cross‐fit users, and 202 athletes. A multigroup CFA was conducted in the model we retained, to assess measurement invariance across groups.ResultsA respecified model of the brief eight‐item one‐factor proposal provided acceptable fit to the data over the original four‐factor structure and three other proposed models. Results from the multigroup CFA showed that the retained model was invariant across samples.ConclusionOur results provide support for retaining a one‐factor EDE‐Q structure over a multifactor solution for research purposes among male community samples in Argentina. These data underscore the importance of undertaking psychometric assessment of eating disorder symptom measures before their utilization in specific populations.
Polymorphism and multiple correlated characters: Do flatfish asymmetry morphs also differ in swimming performance and metabolic rate?
Authors: Bergstrom Carolyn A. , Alba JoMarie , Pacheco Julienne , Fritz Trevor , Tamone Sherry L. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractPhenotypic polymorphisms often differ in multiple correlated traits including morphology, behavior, and physiology, all of which can affect performance. How selection acts on these suites of traits can be complex and difficult to discern. Starry flounder (Platichthys stellatus) is a pleuronectid flatfish that exhibits rare polymorphism for the direction of eye migration and resulting whole‐body asymmetry.P. stellatusasymmetry morphs differ subtly in several anatomical traits, foraging behavior, and stable isotope signatures, suggesting they may be ecologically segregated, yet performance and metabolic differences are unknown.Here we tested the hypothesis that sinistral and dextralP. stellatusasymmetry morphs diverge in performance and routine metabolic rate (RMR) by comparing prolonged swimming endurance (time to exhaustion at a constant swimming speed), fast‐start swimming velocity and acceleration, and rate of oxygen consumption. Based on subtle morphological differences in caudal tail size, we expected sinistralP. stellatusto have superior prolonged swimming endurance relative to dextral fish, but inferior fast‐start performance.SinistralP. stellatusexhibited both significantly greater prolonged swimming performance and fast‐start swimming performance. However, sinistralP. stellatusalso exhibited greater RMR, suggesting that their general swimming performance could be enhanced by an elevated metabolic rate.Divergence betweenP. stellatusasymmetry morphs in swimming performance and metabolic rates contributes to growing evidence of ecological segregation between them, as well as our understanding of possible ecological consequences of asymmetry direction in flatfishes. These data provide an example of the complexity of polymorphisms associated with multiple correlated traits in a rare case of asymmetry polymorphism in a marine flatfish species.
Chloroplast DNA variation in a hyperdiverse tropical tree community
Authors: Caron Henri , Molino Jean‐François , Sabatier Daniel , Léger Patrick , Chaumeil Philippe , Scotti‐Saintagne Caroline , Frigério Jean‐Marc , Scotti Ivan , Franc Alain , Petit Rémy J. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractWe investigate chloroplast DNA variation in a hyperdiverse community of tropical rainforest trees in French Guiana, focusing on patterns of intraspecific and interspecific variation. We test whether a species genetic diversity is higher when it has congeners in the community with which it can exchange genes and if shared haplotypes are more frequent in genetically diverse species, as expected in the presence of introgression.We sampled a total of 1,681 individual trees from 472 species corresponding to 198 genera and sequenced them at a noncoding chloroplast DNA fragment.Polymorphism was more frequent in species that have congeneric species in the study site than in those without congeners (30% vs. 12%). Moreover, more chloroplast haplotypes were shared with congeners in polymorphic species than in monomorphic ones (44% vs. 28%).Despite large heterogeneities caused by genus‐specific behaviors in patterns of hybridization, these results suggest that the higher polymorphism in the presence of congeners is caused by local introgression rather than by incomplete lineage sorting. Our findings suggest that introgression has the potential to drive intraspecific genetic diversity in species‐rich tropical forests.
TCR density in early iNKT cell precursors regulates agonist selection and subset differentiation in mice
Authors: Joseph Claudine , Klibi Jihene , Amable Ludivine , Comba Lorenzo , Cascioferro Alessandro , Delord Marc , Parietti Veronique , Lenoir Christelle , Latour Sylvain , Lucas Bruno , Viret Christophe , Toubert Antoine , Benlagha Kamel 
Published: March 2019

AbstractIt is established that iNKT cells are a cell type that require strong TCR signal for their proper development and represent a model for thymic agonist selection. The nature of the signal perceived by iNKT cells promoting their specification is not well understood. To address this question, we analyzed iNKT cell development in relevant TCR Vα14‐Jα18 alpha chain transgenic mice (Vα14Tg). In CD4‐Vα14Tg mice, where the transgene is driven by CD4 promoter, we identified a block in iNKT cell development at early developmental stages due to a reduced expression of key transcription factors accompanied with a reduced TCR expression levels. This indicates that TCR signal strength control iNKT cell differentiation. Importantly, we found in WT mice that early precursors of iNKT cells express higher TCR levels compared to positively selected precursors of mainstream T cells showing that TCR levels could contribute to the strength of iNKT cell TCR signaling. Overall, our study highlights TCR signal strength associated with a higher TCR density as an important regulator of iNKT cell lineage specification.
Development of a Solid Self‐Emulsification Delivery System for the Oral Delivery of Astaxanthin
Authors: Mao Xinyu , Sun Rui , Tian Yuan , Wang Dantong , Ma Yudi , Wang Qiang , Huang Juan , Xia Qiang 
Published: March 2019

In the present study, a solid self‐emulsification delivery system (S‐SEDS) is developed to improve the bioavailability of astaxanthin (ASX). The pseudo ternary phase diagram method is used to screen the optimum composition of liquid self‐emulsification delivery system (SEDS). This liquid system is converted into solid state using the solid absorbent carrier by simple physical mixing. Through the analysis of powder flowability and adsorption capacity, silicon dioxide and anhydrous calcium hydrogen phosphate are selected as solid carriers of the liquid self‐emulsification system. Results of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) indicate that astaxanthin is encapsulated in these solid carriers. In the in vitro dissolution study, sustained release of astaxanthin from two different ASX‐SEDS (prepared with silicon dioxide and anhydrous calcium hydrogen phosphate) is obtained and the cumulative release is correspondingly 51.06 ± 0.98 and 49.97 ± 0.87% within 2 h. A delayed pattern of absorbed ASX‐SEDS is observed in the study with anhydrous calcium hydrogen phosphate compared to the counterpart with silicon dioxide, which is consistent with the result from the in vitro digestion study. Antioxidant study shows that astaxanthin can be encapsulated in S‐SEDS without the loss of antioxidant activity. Consequently, S‐SEDS can be a promising vehicle in food industry.Practical Applications: Traditionally, liquid‐based delivery systems are prepared using liquid components, which have some disadvantages, such as, complex production process, low active ingredient loading, narrow application range, and lacking of effective evaluation methods. The present study adopts physical adsorption, a gentle and simple process, to prepare the solid self‐emulsifying system. This system combines the advantages of liquid‐based systems and solid dosage forms, which can improve the solubility of poorly solubility active ingredient in intestinal environments, and the high solubility of active ingredient is favor to its absorption. In the present work, the active ingredients solubilization capability of solid formulations is evaluated by in vitro dissolution and digestion studies. It can be seen that over 40% of astaxanthin are released from solid self‐emulsifying systems in 120 min. After the process of digestion, the bioaccessibility reaches 10%. The results of in vitro dissolution and digestion show that after solid adsorption, astaxanthin exhibits delayed release patterns. All the studies demonstrate that solid self‐emulsifying system is an appropriate strategy to improve the bioavailability of astaxanthin.The pseudo ternary phase diagram method is used to screen the optimum composition of liquid self‐emulsification delivery system. Then, this liquid system is converted into solid state using the solid absorbent carrier by simple physical mixing.
Anchor selection for UWB indoor positioning
Authors: Albaidhani Abbas , Morell Antoni , Vicario Jose Lopez 
Published: March 2019

AbstractOn the positioning accuracy, the geometric distribution of anchor nodes in wireless sensor networks has notable impacts. To select the optimum node combination, conventional methods that depend on geometric dilution of precision demand to spend time on calculating every possible combination of nodes. In military urban and emergency response operations, the time is a crucial issue, and a precise positioning system with a clear indoor covering is a highly prerequisite tool to enhance the safety. It should be seamless, low, frugal, power efficacious, low cost, and supply less meter‐level accuracy. In this paper, the main goal is to reduce the anchors installation time and to obtain a precise localization system. To obtain this goal, a novel algorithm to build an accurate indoor positioning system is created using a mean square error (MSE) of an estimated position of a mobile station (MS) located by different groups of installed anchor nodes online using least square (LS) method then selecting the group having less MSE value (anchor selection method) to relocate the MS using a weighted LS method. The results were highly acceptable for indoor localization because the module attained an MSE localization accuracy in a hard non–line of sight environment below 0.5m2also the time of installing the anchor nodes will be reduced. This paper includes the description of the algorithm and the results of the conducted experiments.
Efficiency of Tragacanth gum coating enriched with two different essential oils for deceleration of enzymatic browning and senescence of button mushroom (Agaricus bisporus)
Authors: Nasiri Mahshid , Barzegar Mohsen , Sahari Mohammad Ali , Niakousari Mehrdad 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe effect of Tragacanth gum (T) coating containing (100, 500, and 1,000 mg/L) Satureja khuzistanica essential oil (S), Zataria multiflora Boiss. essential oil (Z), and (1,000 mg/L) sodium metabisulfite (M) on mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) enzymatic browning and postharvest quality was examined throughout 16 days of cold storage. Mushroom respiration rate, soluble solids content (SSC), percentage of open caps, and sensory quality as well as factors related to browning such polyphenol oxidase (PPO), phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL), and peroxidase (POD) activities were figured out. The significant decrease in respiration rate, cap opening delay, and SSC enhancement was observed after treating mushrooms with TZ and TS. Moreover, TZ‐ and TS‐treated mushrooms prevented enzymatic browning through inhibiting PPO and POD activities and increasing activity of PAL over the storing term. Additionally, the influence of TZ5 and TS5 (containing 500 mg/L essential oil) coatings was validated by sensory evaluation through protecting the overall quality of button mushrooms over the storage. Thus, Tragacanth coating enriched with essential oils might be an encouraging nomination for improving the modality of button mushroom and expanding its shelf life.
Comparison of the quality attributes of coconut waters by high‐pressure processing and high‐temperature short time during the refrigerated storage
Authors: Ma Yan , Xu Lei , Wang Sujing , Xu Zhenzhen , Liao Xiaojun , Cheng Yongyou 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThis study compared the shelf life and quality of high‐pressure processing (HPP) and high‐temperature short time (HTST)‐treated coconut water at 4°C. HPP of 500 MPa (5 min) and HTST of 72°C (15 s) treatments could ensure microbial safety of coconut water during refrigerated storage of 25 and 15 days, respectively. At the end of 15 days of storage, loss of 51.54% amino acids and 32.37% protein, and retention of 65.0% total sugars, 64.51% ascorbic acid, and 74.34% total phenols were found in HTST group. More nutrient contents, 76.85% amino acids, 76.76% total protein, and 93.17% total phenols, were retained in HPP groups at the end of 25 days of storage. HPP‐treated fresh‐like product could provide an effective approach of extending shelf life of coconut water.