bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Manual Handling Risks Associated with the Transportation of Bariatric Patients in Australia
Authors: Cowley Stephen , Leggett Susan 
Published: December 2018

Objectives Identify the factors that affect the risks and the adoption of risk control measures during the care of bariatric (morbidly obese) patients by paramedics and fire fighter first responders in Australia. Methods Focus groups were conducted in neutral locations in two Australian state capitals; a suburban region of Melbourne which straddled the rural and metropolitan boundaries; and a large regional Victorian town. Results Carers of bariatric patients are exposed to manual handling injury risk throughout the journey that bariatric patients take within the healthcare and funeral systems. In focussing on paramedics and fire service first responders, as key groups within that journey, it was found that the risks are significant but are not quantifiable. The injury risk is influenced by the nature and design of the range of environments within which patient movement is undertaken; the limited range of handling equipment available for use with bariatric patients; and the efficacy of organisational procedures and training. Adoption of risk controls is hampered by the absence of a standard definition of the term “bariatric” and gaps in the information flow during the bariatric patient journey through the health care system. Various definitions of bariatric are applied in different sectors and there are limitations to the use of both weight and body mass index in those definitions. Conclusion There is a lack of knowledge about how to safely manage the unique needs of bariatric patients. It appears that few streamlined systems have been established for patient management, and many cases are managed as if they are an isolated experience. There is little documentation of systems or case studies and thus very little sharing of the knowledge. Improvements in manual handling risk control for carers requires greater inter and intra-industry collaboration, which in turn requires an agreed definition of “bariatric”.
Mencipta Ruang Global Indonesia di Majalah Maskapai Penerbangan Garuda Indonesia Colours (Globalizing Indonesia in Colours, Garuda Indonesia In-Flight Magazine)
Authors: Dhona Holy Rafika 
Published: December 2018

Globalisasi adalah isu penting dalam komunikasi. Majalah maskapai penerbangan adalah salah satu medium komunikasi yang erat terkait dengan masalah globalitas. Ber-genre traveling, majalah maskapai penerbangan menjadi teknologi komunikasi yang tidak hanya memediasi, tetapi juga mengonstruksi sebuah ruang tertentu sesuai dengan sifat globalnya. Penelitian ini membahas bagaimana majalah maskapai penerbangan Garuda Indonesia Colours mengonstruksi tempat-tempat di Indonesia. Menggunakan analisis wacana multimodal pada features The Archipelago Journal edisi 2016, penelitian ini menemukan bahwa majalah ini mengonstruksi tempat-tempat di Indonesia sebagai ruang global melalui modalitas dalam teksnya dan cara kerja produksi.
Non-parametric Estimation of Evolution of the Quasar Luminosity Function
Authors: Caditz David M. 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Parametric analyses of the quasar luminosity function (QLF) commonly assume a double-power-law (DPL) parametric model undergoing luminosity and/or density evolution with redshift. The best-fit DPL models tend to favor luminosity evolution with break luminosity evolving close to a curve of constant flux on the absolute magnitude–redshift parameter space, at least up to redshift z ∼ 2. While such evolution may be intrinsic to the population, it can also be explained by a bias affecting DPL models fit to truncated data sets. Non-parametric analyses may avoid this bias; however, the most common non-parametric procedures do not provide direct estimates of QLF evolution. This work discusses three non-parametric estimators designed to estimate QLF evolution. When applied to the extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey data set, these estimators indicate a somewhat slower evolution than has been reported for DPL-based parametric analyses.
Credit claiming et réformes imbriquées
Authors: Bedock Camille 
Published: December 2018

Resume Cet article illustre comment l’usage inductif du process tracing permet d’analyser l’issue finale d’une série de réformes de la démocratie : le quinquennat et la modification du calendrier électoral en France (2000-2001) et les réformes électorale et constitutionnelle en Italie (2003-2006). Basés sur un raisonnement inductif et une méthode séquentielle, les résultats présentés montrent concrètement comment le process tracing peut être utilisé pour faire apparaître deux mécanismes causaux : le credit claiming , et donc la diversité des intérêts des acteurs ; et les réformes imbriquées et la manière dont elles permettent de construire le consensus dans une majorité divisée.
L’antiromantisme des premiers réalistes : originalités et contradictions
Authors: Castagnès Gilles 
Published: December 2018

Les « premiers réalistes », ou « réalistes de la sincérité », autour de Courbet, Champfleury et Duranty, mettent en place dans les années 1850 les bases théoriques d’un mouvement qui se développera tout au long du siècle, jusqu’au naturalisme. Pendant une dizaine d’années, ils s’attaquent sans relâche aux écoles qui les ont précédés, et tout particulièrement au romantisme. Leur antiromantisme virulent a des fondements esthétiques, éthiques, politiques et sociaux, mais leurs prises de position sont souvent paradoxales. Imprégnés de la philosophie de Proudhon, partisans de la démocratie et de l’émancipation du peuple, ils tournent pourtant le dos au prolétariat et à tout un pan de la société moderne en refusant de s’intéresser aux changements qui marquent leur époque. Contestataires, révolutionnaires dans leurs écrits, ils ne peuvent se détacher d’un fond conservateur solidement ancré chez eux. Leur antiromantisme, indissociable d’un antiféminisme et d’un antimodernisme, les rapproche alors, de façon inattendue, de la droite nationaliste du début du xx e siècle.
Mars submillimeter sensor on microsatellite: sensor feasibility study
Authors: Larsson Richard , Kasai Yasuko , Kuroda Takeshi , Sato Shigeru , Yamada Takayoshi , Maezawa Hiroyuki , Hasegawa Yutaka , Nishibori Toshiyuki , Nakasuka Shinichi , Hartogh Paul 
Published: December 2018

Abstract. We present a feasibility study for a submillimeter instrument on a small Mars
platform now under construction. The sensor will measure the emission from
atmospheric molecular oxygen, water, ozone, and hydrogen peroxide in order to
retrieve their volume mixing ratios and the changes therein over time. In
addition to these, the instrument will be able to limit the crustal magnetic
field, and retrieve temperature and wind speed with various degrees of
precision and resolution. The expected measurement precision before spatial
and temporal averaging is 15 to 25 ppmv for the molecular oxygen mixing
ratio, 0.2 ppmv for the gaseous water mixing ratio, 2 ppbv for the hydrogen
peroxide mixing ratio, 2 ppbv for the ozone mixing ratio, 1.5 to
2.5 µT for the magnetic field strength, 1.5 to 2.5 K for the
temperature profile, and 20 to 25 m s−1 for the horizontal wind
speed.
Lessons from a Single Jurisdiction with Two Governments
Authors: Percival Richard 
Published: December 2018

Lessons from a Single Jurisdiction with Two Governments: Governments and the Initiation of Law Reform in England and Wales
This article sets out the centrality of government to the initiation of law reform in respect of the (England and Wales) Law Commission and the Scottish Law Commission (and by extension, those law reform agencies based on the British model), and then considers in the light of recent experience how the existing approach works in the unique context of a single jurisdiction – England and Wales – which now has two governments – the UK Government for England, and the devolved Welsh Government. Having identified shortcomings, the article makes suggestions for improved institutional arrangements to meet the particular law reform needs of Wales.
Judging Reformers and Reforming Judges
Authors: Lee James 
Published: December 2018

Judging Reformers and Reforming Judges
This article examines the practice and limits of judicial law reform. In particular, I consider the question of when initiation of a reform is appropriate for the judiciary as opposed to the legislature, an issue which has been a matter of controversy amongst the Justices of the United Kingdom Supreme Court. This question is assessed in the light of the institutional and constitutional competences of the courts, particularly with respect to the structure of common law reasoning. It is also argued that it is important to have regard to perspectives of the relevant judges, in understanding the individual and collective approaches to the judicial development of the law.
Law Reform in a Federal System
Authors: Cronin Kathryn 
Published: December 2018

Law Reform in a Federal System – The Australian Example
The Australian law reform arrangements comprise a ‘crowded field’ of law reformers. These include permanent, semi-permanent and ad hoc commissions, committees and inquiries charged with examining and recommending reform of Commonwealth/federal and state laws. These are supplemented by citizen-led deliberative forums on law reform. The author’s experience in her roles as a commissioner and deputy president of the Australian Law Reform Commission (ALRC) and also as counsel assigned to advise the Joint Standing Committee on Migration in the Australian Federal Parliament highlighted facets of Australian law reform – the particular role of a law commission working in a federal system and the co-option of legal expertise to scrutinize law reforms proposed within the parliamentary committee system.
La lectura en los manuales para la enseñanza del español como lengua extranjera a inmigrantes
Authors: Villanueva Roa Juan de Dios , Rodrigo Victoria 
Published: December 2018

La labor de todo profesor de ELE y de los manuales usados para enseñar la lengua meta, debe permitir acelerar el proceso de adquisición. La investigación ha constatado que la lectura es una de las maneras más efectivas para afianzar este proceso ya que expone al alumno al modelo de lengua que se pretende adquirir de manera natural y significativa. Este artículo analiza el tratamiento de la lectura en manuales de español para inmigrantes, y lo hace desde dos perspectivas, la teórica y la práctica. La primera, presenta los fundamentos teóricos, los beneficios de la lectura y los factores que intervienen en la comprensión de un texto, poniendo hincapié en qué se debe hacer y cómo se debe tratar la lectura para que sea relevante y promueva la adquisición de la lengua. La segunda, es un estudio comparativo donde se analiza qué se hace y cómo se practica esta destreza en tres manuales de lengua española utilizados en las aulas de inmigrantes que saben leer y escribir en su primera lengua, pero que tienen un bajo o nulo conocimiento de nuestra lengua. Dos de estos libros son de texto, mientras que el tercero es material on line al alcance de todos. Hacemos un recorrido por el tratamiento de la lectura y, de forma inevitable, por la escritura en estos manuales, llegando a las conclusiones derivadas del estudio comparativo entre ellos en la evolución de dicho tratamiento en los aspectos que nos parecen fundamentales.
Real-time Visualization of Breast Carcinoma in Pathology Specimens From Patients Receiving Fluorescent Tumor-Marking Agent Tozuleristide
Authors: Dintzis Suzanne M. , Hansen Stacey , Harrington Kristi M. , Tan Lennart C. , Miller Dennis M. , Ishak Laura , Parrish-Novak Julia , Kittle David , Perry Jeff , Gombotz Carolyn , Fortney Tina , Porenta Stephanie , Hales Lisa , Calhoun Kristine E. , Anderson Benjamin O. , Javid Sara H. , Byrd David R. 
Published: December 2018

Context.—
Resection of breast carcinoma with adequate margins reduces the risk of local recurrence and reoperation. Tozuleristide (BLZ-100) is an investigational peptide-fluorophore agent that may aid in intraoperative tumor detection and margin assessment. In this study, fluorescence imaging was conducted ex vivo on gross breast pathology specimens.

Objectives.—
To determine the potential of tozuleristide to detect breast carcinoma in fresh pathology specimens and the feasibility of fluorescence-guided intraoperative pathology assessment of surgical margins.

Design.—
Twenty-three patients received an intravenous bolus dose of 6 or 12 mg of tozuleristide at least 1 hour before surgery. Fifteen lumpectomy and 12 mastectomy specimens were evaluated for fluorescence by the site's clinical pathology staff using the SIRIS, an investigational near-infrared imaging device. The breast tissue was then processed per usual procedures. Fluorescent patterns were correlated with the corresponding hematoxylin-eosin–stained sections. Clinical pathology reports were used to correlate fluorescent signal to grade, histotype, prognostic marker status, and margin measurements.

Results.—
Tozuleristide fluorescence was readily observed in invasive and in situ breast carcinoma specimens. Most invasive carcinomas were bright and focal, whereas in situ lesions demonstrated a less intense, more diffuse pattern. Tozuleristide was detected in ductal and lobular carcinomas with a similar fluorescent pattern. Fluorescence was detected in high- and low-grade lesions, and molecular marker/hormone receptor status did not affect signal. Fluorescence could be used to identify the relationship of carcinoma to margins intraoperatively.

Conclusions.—
Tumor targeting with tozuleristide allowed visual real-time distinction between pathologically confirmed breast carcinoma and normal tissue.
Adaptive Dynamics
Authors: Staddon John E. R. 
Published: December 2018

In this book J.E.R. Staddon proposes an explanation of behavior that lies between cognitive psychology, which seeks to explain it in terms of mentalistic constructs, and cognitive neuroscience, which tries to explain it in terms of the brain. Staddon suggests a new way to understand the laws and causes of learning, based on the invention, comparison, testing, and modification or rejection of parsimonious real-time models for behavior. The models are neither physiological nor cognitive: they are behavioristic. Staddon shows how simple dynamic models can explain a surprising variety of animal and human behavior, ranging from simple orientation, reflexes, and habituation through feeding regulation, operant conditioning, spatial navigation, stimulus generalization, and interval timing.
Bradford Books imprint
Reasoning about Uncertainty
Authors: Halpern Joseph Y. 
Published: December 2018

Formal ways of representing uncertainty and various logics for reasoning about it; updated with new material on weighted probability measures, complexity-theoretic considerations, and other topics.
In order to deal with uncertainty intelligently, we need to be able to represent it and reason about it. In this book, Joseph Halpern examines formal ways of representing uncertainty and considers various logics for reasoning about it. While the ideas presented are formalized in terms of definitions and theorems, the emphasis is on the philosophy of representing and reasoning about uncertainty. Halpern surveys possible formal systems for representing uncertainty, including probability measures, possibility measures, and plausibility measures; considers the updating of beliefs based on changing information and the relation to Bayes' theorem; and discusses qualitative, quantitative, and plausibilistic Bayesian networks.
This second edition has been updated to reflect Halpern's recent research. New material includes a consideration of weighted probability measures and how they can be used in decision making; analyses of the Doomsday argument and the Sleeping Beauty problem; modeling games with imperfect recall using the runs-and-systems approach; a discussion of complexity-theoretic considerations; the application of first-order conditional logic to security.
Reasoning about Uncertainty is accessible and relevant to researchers and students in many fields, including computer science, artificial intelligence, economics (particularly game theory), mathematics, philosophy, and statistics.
Our Selfish Tax Laws
Authors: Infanti Anthony C. 
Published: December 2018

Why tax law is not just a pocketbook issue but a reflection of what and whom we, as a society, value.
Most of us think of tax as a pocketbook issue: how much we owe, how much we'll get back, how much we can deduct. In Our Selfish Tax Laws, Anthony Infanti takes a broader view, considering not just how taxes affect us individually but how the tax system reflects our culture and society. He finds that American tax laws validate and benefit those who already possess power and privilege while starkly reflecting the lines of difference and discrimination in American society based on race, ethnicity, socioeconomic class, gender, sexual orientation and gender identity, immigration status, and disability. Infanti argues that instead of focusing our tax reform discussions on which loopholes to close or which deductions to allow, we should consider how to make our tax system reflect American ideals of inclusivity rather than institutionalizing exclusion.
After describing the theoretical and intellectual underpinnings of his argument, Infanti offers two comparative case studies, examining the treatment of housing tax expenditures and the unit of taxation in the United States, Canada, France, and Spain to show how tax law reflects its social and cultural context. Then, drawing on his own work and that of other critical tax scholars, Infanti explains how the discourse surrounding tax reform masks the many ways that the American tax system rewards and reifies privilege. To counter this, Infanti urges us to work together to create a society with a tax system that respects and values all Americans.
Machine Translation
Authors: Poibeau Thierry 
Published: December 2018

A concise, nontechnical overview of the development of machine translation, including the different approaches, evaluation issues, and major players in the industry.
The dream of a universal translation device goes back many decades, long before Douglas Adams's fictional Babel fish provided this service in The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy. Since the advent of computers, research has focused on the design of digital machine translation tools—computer programs capable of automatically translating a text from a source language to a target language. This has become one of the most fundamental tasks of artificial intelligence. This volume in the MIT Press Essential Knowledge series offers a concise, nontechnical overview of the development of machine translation, including the different approaches, evaluation issues, and market potential. The main approaches are presented from a largely historical perspective and in an intuitive manner, allowing the reader to understand the main principles without knowing the mathematical details.
The book begins by discussing problems that must be solved during the development of a machine translation system and offering a brief overview of the evolution of the field. It then takes up the history of machine translation in more detail, describing its pre-digital beginnings, rule-based approaches, the 1966 ALPAC (Automatic Language Processing Advisory Committee) report and its consequences, the advent of parallel corpora, the example-based paradigm, the statistical paradigm, the segment-based approach, the introduction of more linguistic knowledge into the systems, and the latest approaches based on deep learning. Finally, it considers evaluation challenges and the commercial status of the field, including activities by such major players as Google and Systran.
America's Water
Authors: Rogers Peter ,   Twentieth Century Fund
Published: December 2018

Were water considered an industry, it would be one of the largest in the United States, surely the most capital-intensive, and the most closely regulated by Congress. Yet as Peter Rogers argues in this readable, pragmatic, and scientifically grounded assessment of national water issues, it would also be one of the most fragmented and least coherent areas of public policy. Rogers brings together all aspects of water (and water use) to look at policy formation from technical, economic, and political points of view. He shows why these separate perspectives must be considered simultaneously if intelligent policies are to be developed to protect this indispensable resource for present and future generations.
Although water use has declined since 1980, the U.S. still consumes more than twice as much water per capita as any other country in the world. Weighing current resources against future demand, Rogers covers a host of complex water issues facing a thirsty, affluent nation. He explains why the federal role needs to be developed and clarified in a number of areas - from changing the unrealistic expectations of the American public for clean water at any cost to financing the rebuilding of infrastructure that is nearly a century old, from reforming intergovernmental relations and the committee structure in Congress to preserving and restoring wetlands and developing a national drought management policy.Of the two basic approaches to policy formation - spelling out desirable norms and attempting to achieve them, or building pragmatically on what has been feasible in the past - Rogers advocates the feasibility approach. The challenge, he asserts, is to develop a federal policy that will reform the historical patchwork of state-state and state-federal agreements and allow them to work together without abrupt dislocations.
Anti-Individualism and Knowledge
Authors: Brown Jessica 
Published: December 2018

Contemporary philosophy of mind is dominated by anti-individualism, which holds that a subject's thoughts are determined not only by what is inside her head but also by aspects of her environment. Despite its dominance, anti-individualism is subject to a daunting array of epistemological objections: that it is incompatible with the privileged access each subject has to her thoughts, that it undermines rationality, and, absurdly, that it provides a new route to a priori knowledge of the world. In this rigorous and persuasive study, Jessica Brown defends anti-individualism from these epistemological objections. The discussion has important consequences for key epistemological issues such as skepticism, closure, transmission, and the nature of knowledge and warrant.
According to Brown's analysis, one main reason for thinking that anti-individualism is incompatible with privileged access is that it undermines a subject's introspective ability to distinguish types of thoughts. So diagnosed, the standard focus on a subject's reliability about her thoughts provides no adequate reply. Brown defuses the objection by appeal to the epistemological notion of a relevant alternative. Further, she argues that, given a proper understanding of rationality, anti-individualism is compatible with the notion that we are rational subjects. However, the discussion of rationality provides a new argument that anti-individualism is in tension with Fregean sense. Finally, Brown shows that anti-individualism does not create a new route to a priori knowledge of the world. While rejecting solutions that restrict the transmission of warrant, she argues that anti-individualists should deny that we have the type of knowledge that would be required to use a priori knowledge of thought content to gain a priori knowledge of the world.
Bradford Books imprint