bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Regulation of the 20S proteasome by a novel family of inhibitory proteins
Authors: Olshina Maya A , Deshmukh Fanindra Kumar , Arkind Galina , Fainer Irit , Taranavsky Mark , Hayat Daniel , Ben-Dor Shifra , Ben-Nissan Gili , Sharon Michal 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe protein degradation machinery plays a critical role in the maintenance of cellular homeostasis, preventing the accumulation of damaged or misfolded proteins and controlling the levels of regulatory proteins. The 20S proteasome degradation machinery is able to cleave any protein with a partially unfolded region, however uncontrolled degradation of the myriad of potential substrates is improbable. Thus, there must exist a regulatory mechanism to control 20S proteasome mediated degradation. Here we have discovered a family of 20S proteasome regulators, named Catalytic Core Regulators (CCRs). They coordinate the function of the 20S proteasome and are involved in the oxidative stress response via Nrf2. The CCRs organize into a feed-forward loop regulatory circuit, with some members stabilizing Nrf2, others being induced by Nrf2, and all of them inhibiting the 20S proteasome. This provides a fine-tuned mechanism to carefully modulate the 20S proteasome, ensuring its proper functioning by controlling the degradative flux.
Interaction ofPlasmodium falciparumCasein kinase 1 (PfCK1) with components of host cell protein trafficking machinery
Authors: Batty Mitchell B , Schittenhelm Ralf B , Doerig Christian , Garcia-Bustos Jose 
Published: April 2019

AbstractDuring infection, thePlasmodium falciparumcasein kinase 1 (PfCK1) is secreted to the extracellular medium and appears on the RBC membrane during trophozoite stage of development. We attempted to identify a mechanism that describes the secretion of PfCK1 and its appearance on the RBC membrane and suspected a mechanism involving multiple host proteins may be utilised. Indeed, we found that the host proteins GTPase-activating protein and Vps9 domain-containing protein (GAPVD1) and Sorting nexin 22 (SNX22), which have described functions in membrane trafficking in higher eukaryotes, consistently co-purify with PfCK1 suggesting the parasite utilises trafficking pathways previously thought to be inactive in RBCs. Further, reciprocal immunoprecipitation experiments with GAPVD1 identified parasite proteins suggestive of a recycling pathway hitherto only described in higher eukaryotes to recycle membrane proteins. Thus, we have identified components of a trafficking pathway involving parasite proteins that act in concert with host proteins which we hypothesise coordinate the trafficking of PfCK1 during infection.
SCAND1 suppresses CDC37 gene transcription by repressing MZF1
Authors: Eguchi Takanori , Prince Thomas L. , Tran Manh Tien , Sogawa Chiharu , Lang Benjamin J. , Calderwood Stuart K. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractCDC37 increases the stability of HSP90 client proteins and is essential for numerous intracellular oncogenic signaling pathways. Elevated expression of CDC37 was found in prostate cancer cells, although the regulatory mechanisms through which CDC37 expression becomes increased are unknown. Here we show both positive and negative regulation of CDC37 gene transcription by two members of the SCAN transcription factor family- MZF1 and SCAND1, respectively. Consensus DNA-binding motifs for MZF1 were abundant in the CDC37 promoter region. MZF1 became bound to these regulatory sites and trans-activated the CDC37 gene whereas MZF1 depletion decreased CDC37 transcrption and reduced tumorigenesis of prostate cancer cells. On the other hand, SCAND1, a zinc-fingerless SCAN box protein that potentially inhibits MZF1, accumulated at MZF1-binding sites in CDC37 gene, negatively regulated CDC37 gene and inhibited tumorigenesis. SCAND1 was abundantly expressed in normal prostate cells but was reduced in prostate cancer cells, suggesting a potential tumor suppressor role of SCAND1 in prostate cancer. These findings indicate that CDC37, a crucial protein in prostate cancer progression, is regulated reciprocally by MZF1 and SCAND1.
Metaphysics, methodology and theory in classical accounting thought
Authors: Rutherford Brian A. 
Published: April 2019

Purpose
The received wisdom on classical accounting thought is that its early stages were methodologically vacuous, while, in its “golden” age, it espoused the methods and philosophical commitments of received-view hypothetico-deductivism but actually remained methodologically incoherent. The purpose of this paper is to argue, to the contrary, that classical accounting thought possesses a coherent constitutional structure that qualifies as a methodology and unifies it as a body of argument.

Design/methodology/approach
The paper draws on Cartwright’s metaphysical nomological pluralism, which holds that we should attend to the actual practices of successful inquiry and the methodologies and metaphysical presuppositions that support it.

Findings
The paper argues that accounting does achieve disciplinary success and that classical accounting thought, using the methodology of defeasible postulationism, provides the theoretical infrastructure that supports that success. The accounting domain is a world of “dappled realism”, in which theories are useful in the construction of reporting schemes and inform our understanding of the nature of the domain.

Research limitations/implications
Applying metaphysical nomological pluralism rescues classical accounting thought from the charge of methodological incoherence and metaphysical naivety.

Originality/value
The paper justifies a place for classical accounting theorising in the endeavours of modern accounting scholarship and moves the analysis of classical accounting thought within a philosophy of science framework towards an approach with a contemporary resonance.
The views of privacy auditors regarding standards and methodologies
Authors: Toy Alan , Lau David , Hay David , Gunasekara Gehan 
Published: April 2019

Purpose
This paper aims to uncover the practices of different privacy auditors to reveal the extent of any similarities in such practices. The purpose is to investigate the drivers of practices used by privacy auditors and to identify potential for improvements in the practice of privacy auditing so that privacy audits may better serve stakeholders.

Design/methodology/approach
Six semi-structured interviews with seven privacy auditors and regulators and an analyst across Australia, Canada, New Zealand and the USA are used as the basis for our analysis.

Findings
The study shows that some privacy auditors view privacy as an organizational issue, which means that all staff within an organization should understand the privacy issues that are relevant to the organization and to its customers. Because this practice goes beyond a mere compliance approach to privacy auditing, it indicates that there is a way to avoid the approach of merely applying standards from national data privacy laws which is an approach that has been subject to criticism because it is not applicable to the current situation of global applications and cross-border data. The interview themes demonstrate that privacy audits face significant challenges, such as the lack of a privacy auditing profession and the difficulty of raising the awareness of organizations and individuals regarding information privacy rights and duties.

Originality/value
Privacy auditing is mostly unexplored by academic research and little is known about the drivers behind the practice of privacy auditing. This study is the first to document the views of privacy auditors regarding the practices that they use. It also presents novel results regarding the drivers of the practice of privacy auditing and the interests of the beneficiaries of privacy audits. It builds on research that argues for the existence of best practices for privacy (Toy, 2013; Toy and Hay, 2015) and it extends this argument by providing reasons why privacy auditors may benefit from the use of best practices for privacy.
Fermented rice bran extract improves blood pressure and glucose in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats
Authors: Ardiansyah  , David Wahyudi , Handoko Dody Dwi , Kusbiantoro Bram , Budijanto Slamet , Shirakawa Hitoshi 
Published: April 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to evaluate thein vitroandin vivoeffects of three varieties of Indonesian fermented rice bran (RB) (Inpari 6, Inpari 30 and Inpara 1).Design/methodology/approachThree types of RB were fermented usingRhizopus oligosporus. The total phenolic content (TPC) was determined using the Folin–Ciocalteau method, and antioxidant activity was analyzed by measuring the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl free radical scavenging activity (RSA). Forin vivoanalyses, one week after acclimatization, stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (n= 4, 12 weeks of age) were divided into two groups and orally administered fermented RB (40 mg/kg body weight) or distilled water as a control after 16 h of fasting. Blood pressure (BP) was measured before and 2, 4 and 6 h after administration with a BP monitor without warming. Six days later, the rats were subject to the same procedure and sacrificed after 6 h of oral administration. Blood was collected and the plasma was separated to measure nitric oxide, glucose and insulin levels.FindingsThe highest TPC and RSA of fermented RB were obtained from Inpari 30 after incubation for 72 h (260.33 ± 0.39 mg GAE/100 g dry basis and 83.71 ± 0.61 per cent), respectively. Furthermore, single oral administration of fermented RB improved BP (p< 0.05) and glucose metabolism after 6 h of administration (p< 0.05).Originality/valueThis is the first study to evaluate the effects of fermented RB on improving high BP and glucose profiles by using a spontaneously hypertensive animal model.
Dental injuries in relation to general anaesthesia—A retrospective study
Authors: Christensen Rasmus Ejlersgaard , Baekgaard Josefine S. , Rasmussen Lars S. 
Published: April 2019

BackgroundDental injuries may occur during general anaesthesia, especially during airway management. The aim of this study was to describe cases of dental injury related to general anaesthesia, focusing on the type and extent of the injuries as well as the timing of recognition.MethodWe reviewed the nationwide electronic database available at the Danish Patient Compensation Association and scrutinized all claims classified as possible dental injuries in relation to general anaesthesia between 2007 and 2017.ResultsDuring the 10‐year study period, there were 2523 claims for compensation related to anaesthesia. Of these, 552 (21.9%) were cases of possible dental injuries following general anaesthesia. The most commonly injured teeth were the central maxillary incisors with 174 (25.3%) cases related to the left and 118 (17.2%) cases related to the right incisor. The most common injuries were fractures (41.2%) and subluxations (25.9%). Airway management included the use of Macintosh laryngoscope in 296 (64.4%) cases and a supraglottic airway device in 69 (15%) cases. Claims were more frequently approved if more than two intubation attempts were used (100% vs 82.8%, RR = 0.83, 95% CI [0.78‐0.88], P = 0.0037). Injuries recognized in‐hospital were more frequently approved than injuries recognized after discharge (91.6% vs 70.7%, RR = 0.83, 95% CI [0.70‐0.86], P < 0.0001).ConclusionThe most commonly reported dental injury related to general anaesthesia in the Danish Patient Compensation Association database was a fracture. Claims were more frequently approved if more than two intubation attempts were used and if the injury was recognized in‐hospital.
Fresh meat baits are currently the only available effective option to detect low‐density Vespula germanica (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) populations in South Africa
Authors: Haupt Karla , Addison Pia , Veldtman Ruan 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe eusocial wasp Vespula germanica is a problematic invasive species in the Southern Hemisphere regions. Especially in New Zealand, Tasmania and Argentina, population densities can be very high and result in large negative impacts. In these regions, the development of baits is used not only to monitor population sizes but also to poison wasps when they return with treated baits to their nests. In contrast, this wasp has been present in South Africa since 1974 but is still confined to a small geographical area. Therefore, detection of the presence of V. germanica with a low level of false negatives is important. The foundation of such a monitoring strategy is a reliable bait or lure that can be placed, in a standard way, in different environments to detect wasp presence. In this study, we tested two baits and two lures at eight localities in 2013 and two baits and four lures at nine localities in 2014. Trap catches confirm low population densities of the target species even in the core of its distribution in South Africa with on average between 3 and 11 wasps (median of 0) caught per trap. Confirming classical bait preference studies, meat baits, specifically lean smoked ham and lean beef mince, trapped significantly more foragers in both sampling years than the unbaited control treatments. However, all catches using synthetic lures with various compounds known to be attractive to Vespula species were almost always indistinguishable from control treatments. Consequently, more research is required in optimising baiting of V. germanica in South Africa, where it occurs at relatively low densities and worker activity peaks when seasonal conditions are unfavourable (hot and dry). Low population densities could explain why synthetic lures that are effective in other invaded continents were not effective in South Africa.
Demographic, Cannabis Use, and Depressive Correlates of Cannabis Use Consequences in Regular Cannabis Users
Authors: Struble Cara A. , Ellis Jennifer D. , Cairncross Molly , Lister Jamey J. , Lundahl Leslie H. 
Published: April 2019

Background and ObjectivesRegular cannabis users experience cannabis‐related consequences across many domains of functioning. The present study examined demographic, cannabis use, and depressive correlates of cannabis consequences. We hypothesized that (1) earlier onset of use would predict greater psychological and functional consequences; and (2) women would endorse more psychological and withdrawal consequences.MethodsData were collected from an urban sample of 184 adults who reported regular cannabis use. Seventeen items from a cannabis consequence checklist were grouped into three domains: Psychological Consequences, Cannabis Withdrawal, and Functional Consequences. Three multiple regressions were performed to explore demographic and cannabis use correlates of each domain. Correlations between domains and depressive symptoms were assessed using Pearson's r.ResultsGreater endorsement on the Psychological Consequence subgroup was predicted by female sex, lower educational attainment, and treatment‐seeking history for cannabis abuse/dependence. Individuals with greater number of quit attempts or treatment‐seeking history endorsed more items in the Cannabis Withdrawal domain. Although the model failed to reach significance for Functional Consequences, age at onset of regular and daily cannabis use were negatively associated with this domain. Correlational analyses demonstrated higher Beck Depression Inventory—Second Edition scores were related to greater endorsement of Psychological Consequence and Cannabis Withdrawal items.Discussion and ConclusionsRegular cannabis users report consequences of use, which can be grouped into content‐specific subgroups. Individual characteristics are differentially associated with these subgroups.Scientific SignificanceUnderstanding which individual characteristics are related to cannabis use sequelae could help identify those at risk for greater consequences, thus leading to improved assessment and treatment interventions. (Am J Addict 2019;28:295–302)
Prospective study on a novel treatment for leaking cystic bleb: Efficacy and safety of collagen crosslinking
Authors: Cai Yu , Choy Bonnie N. K. , Zhu Ming M. , Li Bai B. , Chan Jonathan C. H. , Ho Wing L. , Lai Jimmy S. M. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractImportanceManagement of cystic bleb leak is difficult. It would be essential to look for a method to strengthen the original pathological conjunctiva and reverse bleb leak.BackgroundTo evaluate the long‐term efficacy and safety of collagen crosslinking in patients with leaking cystic bleb.DesignProspective interventional case series at a university‐based hospital.ParticipantsTwelve eyes in 12 subjects with late‐onset bleb leak from cystic bleb, without indications for prompt surgical interventions were included.MethodsThe subjects underwent crosslinking with 0.1% riboflavin application to bleb surface, followed by ultraviolet irradiation for 30 minutes. The subjects were followed up at baseline and at 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, 6 months post‐treatment and then every 6 months afterwards.Main Outcome MeasuresInterval from treatment to cessation of bleb leak, recurrence rate of bleb leak and side effects of treatment.ResultsThe mean follow‐up after crosslinking was 29.33 ± 12.45 months. Bleb leak subsided in 11 (92%) of 12 patients after a single session of crosslinking, after 1 to 8 weeks (median 3 weeks). Time to leak cessation was significantly correlated with the number of prior glaucoma interventions (R = .71, P = .014). Bleb wall at 3 months was significantly thicker than at baseline (0.70 ± 0.67 vs 0.81 ± 0.62 mm, P = .008). None of the patients experienced any complications.Conclusions and RelevanceCrosslinking achieves resolution of cystic bleb leak which lasts for at least 12 months, without the need of subsequent surgical interventions. Crosslinking is a simple, non‐invasive treatment for bleb leak. It aims to restore the integrity of conjunctiva.
Oil prices, growth, and remittance outflows from the Gulf Cooperation Council
Authors: De Supriyo , Quayyum Saad , Schuettler Kirsten , Yousefi Seyed Reza 
Published: April 2019

AbstractHow does a decline in oil prices and its impacts on growth affect remittance outflows from the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries? This paper carries out an empirical analysis of the relationship between oil prices, oil‐ and non‐oil GDP, and remittances outflows from the GCC. The findings of our paper are three folds. First, we find that non‐oil GDP is a key determinant of remittance outflows and that oil GDP is a significant driver of non‐oil GDP in the GCC only in the long term. Second, we document that historically oil prices and remittances tend to broadly move in the same direction but that remittances have been much less volatile than oil prices. An analysis of the past large oil price declines shows that remittance flows to major remittance recipients in Mashreq, Pakistan, and Yemen fell only modestly following large declines in oil prices and recovered quickly in line with oil prices. Finally, we estimate the elasticity of remittance outflows with respect to non‐oil GDP in the GCC using various techniques. Estimates of short‐term elasticity vary between 0.5 and 0.8, while estimates of long‐term elasticity vary between 0.6 and 1.1. We find that construction and government services are two non‐oil GDP components that are strongly associated with remittance outflows.
Managerial optimism: New observations on the unifying theory
Authors: Heaton J. B. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractManagerial optimism theory is behavioral finance's greatest achievement. It explains two prominent features of corporate financial behavior – over‐investment and pecking‐order capital structure preferences – that otherwise require two different theories with mutually incompatible assumptions about managerial loyalties to shareholder‐value maximization. After reviewing the development of managerial optimism as a unifying theory, I use a simple change of measure to transform risk‐averse optimism to risk‐neutral probabilities that can be pessimistic or optimistic depending on wealth changes. This unexplored feature has implications for, among other things, pay for performance when managers are excessively optimistic.
High School Start Time and Migraine Frequency in High School Students
Authors: Gelfand Amy A. , Pavitt Sara , Greene Kaitlin , Szperka Christina L. , Irwin Samantha , Grimes Barbara , Allen Isabel E. 
Published: April 2019

ObjectiveTo investigate whether later high school start time is associated with lower migraine frequency in high school students with migraine.BackgroundAdequate sleep is thought to be important in managing adolescent migraine. The American Academy of Sleep Medicine recommends teenagers sleep ≥8 hours/night. Adolescents have a physiologically delayed sleep phase, going to bed, and waking later than children and adults. The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) accordingly recommends high schools start no earlier than 8:30 AM.MethodsCross‐sectional observational study of U.S. high schoolers with migraine. Participants were recruited nationally using social media. Respondents attending high schools starting at 8:30 AM or later were compared to those attending earlier start time schools. The primary outcome was headache days/month.ResultsTwo hundred and fifty‐six subjects constituted the analysis set: 115 later group vs 141 earlier group. Age and sex did not differ. Mean (SD) self‐reported headache days/month were 7 (5) vs 8 (7), respectively, (P = .985); mean difference (95% CI for the difference) was −0.8 (−2.3‐0.7) days. Median (IQR) self‐reported total hours of sleep/school night were: 5.6 (5.0‐6.6) vs 5.6 (4.5‐6.4), P = .058. Students attending later start time schools woke later (median [IQR] 6:38 AM [55 minutes] vs 6:09 AM [59 minutes], P < .0001) and left home later (median [IQR] 7:28 AM [28 minutes] vs 7:02 AM [60 minutes], P < .0001). Average commute time was also longer: 41 (21) minutes vs 28 (16), P < .0001. The vast majority in both groups reported missing breakfast at least once/week: 103/114 (90.4%) vs 128/141 (90.8%), P = .907. Hours of sleep did not correlate with headache days per month.ConclusionHigh school start time does not have a large effect on headache frequency in high schoolers with migraine. Given the high variance in headache days/month observed in this study, a larger study would be needed to determine whether there might still be a small effect of starting high school at/after 8:30 AM. More research is needed to establish evidence‐based recommendations about lifestyle factors in adolescent migraine management.