bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A nurse-led health coaching intervention for stroke survivors and their family caregivers in hospital to home transition care in Chongqing, China: a study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Lin Shuanglan , Xiao Lily , Chamberlain Diane 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background: Hospital to home transition care is a most stressful period for stroke survivors and their caregivers to learn self-management of stroke-related health conditions and to engage in rehabilitation. Health coaching has been identified as a strategy to enhance self-management of poststroke care at home. However, interventions in this field that are informed by a health coaching framework are scarce. This study will address a gap in research by testing the hypothesis that a nurse-led health coaching intervention can improve health outcomes for stroke survivors and their family caregivers in hospital to home transition care.Methods: This is a single-blind, two-arm parallel randomized controlled trial of a nurse-led health coaching program versus routine care situated in two tertiary hospitals in Chongqing, China. Stroke survivors and their primary family caregivers will be recruited together as “participant dyads”, and the estimated sample size is 140 (70 in each group). The intervention includes a 12-week nurse-led health coaching program in hospital to home transition care commencing at discharge from the hospital. The primary outcomes are changes in self-efficacy and quality of life of stroke survivors at 12 weeks from the baseline. The secondary outcomes are changes in stroke survivors’ functional ability, stroke-related knowledge, the number of adverse events, and unplanned hospital admissions, and caregivers’ self-efficacy and caregiver-related burden at 12 weeks from the baseline. The outcomes will be measured at 12 weeks and 24 weeks from the baseline.Discussion: This study will examine the effect of nurse-led health coaching on hospital to home transition care for stroke survivors and their caregivers. It is anticipated that findings from this trial will provide research evidence to inform policy, and resource and practice development to improve hospital to home transition care for stroke survivors and their caregivers.Trial registration: The Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTR): ACTRN12619000321145, registered on 1st March 2019.
Isoniazid causes heart looping disorder of zebrafish embryo by inducing oxidative stress
Authors: WANG Hongye , Yihai Liu , Xiyi Wei , cao cheng , Tingting Hu 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The cardiotoxicity of isoniazid on zebrafish embryos and its underlying mechanism remained unclear. Here, we exposed zebrafish embryos at 4 hours post fertilization to different levels of isoniazid and recorded the morphology and number of malformed and dead embryos under the microscope. The high concentration of isoniazid group showed more malformed and dead embryos compared with low dose of isoniazid group and control group. Besides, the morphology of heart and its alteration were visualized using the transgenic zebrafish (cmlc2: GFP) and confirmed by in situ hybridization. The negative effects of isoniazid on the developing heart were characterized by lower heart rate and more heart looping disorders. Mechanistically, PCR showed decreased expression of heart-specific transcription factors exposed to isoniazid. Oxidative stress was induced by Isoniazid in cardiomyocytes, mediated by decreased activity of CAT and SOD, which could be rescued by ROS scavenger. In conclusion, we demonstrated that isoniazid lead to heart looping disturbance by downregulating cardiac specific transcription factors and inducing cardiomyocytes apoptosis.
Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of sepsis-associated encephalopathy in the ICU: a retrospective observational study
Authors: Tong Dao-Ming , Zhou Ye-Ting , Wang Shao=Dan , Wang Guang-Sheng , Wang Yuan-Wei , Wang Ying 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background Sepsis has an annual incidence of 30 million new cases around worldwide. However, the epidemiological and clinical characteristics in patients with sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) remain understudy.Methods We prospectively enrolled patients with acute critically ill from ICU during 2 years period (2014-2015). The epidemiological and clinical characteristics for critically ill adults with SAE in ICU were analyzed by related statistics.Results Of the 1349 ICU patients with acute critically ill, 748 were enrolled. Among these, the prevalence of sepsis was 48.4% (362/748), with fatality at initial 30 days was 62.4%. The prevalence of SAE accounted for 97.2% of sepsis (352/362), with fatality at initial 30 days was 65.1%. We found that the two strong clinical predictors for SAE were systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) ≥2 (OR, 3.2; 95% CI, 0.304- 0.673) and sequential (sepsis-related) organ function assessment (SOFA) score ≥6 (GCS<13)(OR, 3.0; 95% CI, 0.304-0.673); the sensitivity was 67.3% and specificity was 55.3% for SIRS≥2, while the sensitivity was 99.1% and specificity was 99.0% for SOFA score≥6. Cox logistic adjusted analysis revealed that lower mean arterial pressure (OR, 1.504; 95% CI, 1.001-1.707),higher SOFA score (OR, 1.783; 95% CI, 1.145- 1.923), and no using antibiotics treatment in initial 3 hours (OR, 0.683; 95% CI, 0.492-0.947) were the powerful predictors of the risk of death among ICU patients with SAE.Conclusion SAE is a best frequent epidemiological type of sepsis in ICU, with an high hospital fatality. No using antibiotics treatment within initial 3 hours was related to the worse survival SAE.
Genome-wide analysis of Myo-inositol oxygenase gene family in tomato reveals their involvement in ascorbic acid accumulation
Authors: Munir Shoaib , Mumtaz Muhammad Ali , Ahiakpa John Kojo , Liu Genzhong , Zheng Wei , Zhou Guolin , Zheng Wei , Ye Zhibiao , Zhang Yayang 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background Ascorbic acid (Vitamin C, AsA) is an antioxidant metabolite involved in plant development and environmental stimuli. AsA biosynthesis has been well studied in plants and MIOX is a critical enzyme in plants AsA biosynthesis pathway. However, myo-inositol oxygenase (MIOX) gene family members and their involvement in AsA biosynthesis and response to abiotic stress remain unclear. Results In this study, five tomato genes encoding MIOX proteins and possessing MIOX motifs were identified. Structural analysis and distribution mapping showed that 5 MIOX genes contain different intron/exon patterns and unevenly distributed among four chromosomes. In addition, expression analyses indicated the remarkable expression of SlMIOX genes in different plant tissues. Furthermore, transgenic lines were obtained by over-expression of MIOX4 gene in tomato. The overexpression lines showed a significant increase in total ascorbate in leaves and red fruits compared to control. Expression analysis revealed that increased accumulation of AsA in MIOX4 overexpression lines is possible as a consequence of the multiple genes involved in AsA biosynthesis. Myo inositol (MI) feeding in leaf and fruit implied that AsA biosynthesis was mainly improved by Myo-inositol pathway in leaves and fruits. MIOX4 overexpression lines exhibited a betterlight response, abiotic stress tolerance, and AsA biosynthesis capacity. Conclusions These results showed that MIOX4 transgenic lines contribute to AsA biosynthesis, evident as better light response and improved oxidative stress tolerance. This study provides the first comprehensive analysis of MIOX gene family and their involvement in ascorbate biosynthesis in tomato.
Effect of Lactobacillus spp. on adhesion, invasion, and translocation of Campylobacter jejuni in chicken and pig small-intestinal epithelial cell lines
Authors: Pogačar Maja Šikić , Pogačar Maja Šikić , Klančnik Anja , Langerholc Tomaž , Mičetić-Turk Dušanka , Možina Sonja Smole 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background: Campylobacter spp. are a major cause of bacterial food-borne diarrhoeal disease. This mainly arises through contamination of meat products during processing. For infection, Campylobacter spp. must adhere to epithelial cells of the mucus layer, survive conditions of the gastrointestinal tract, and colonise the intestine of the host. Addition of probiotic bacteria might promote competitive adhesion to epithelial cells, consequently reducing Campylobacter jejuni colonisation. Effect of Lactobacillus spp. (PCS20, PCS22, PCS25, LGG, PCK9) on C. jejuni adhesion, invasion and translocation in pig (PSI cl.1) and chicken (B1OXI) small-intestine cell lines, as well as pig enterocytes (CLAB) was investigated.Results Overall, in competitive adhesion assays with PSI cl.1 and CLAB cell monolayers, the addition of Lactobacillus spp. reduced C. jejuni adherence to the cell surface, and negatively affected the C. jejuni invasion. In addition, Lactobacillus spp. significantly impaired C. jejuni adhesion in three-dimensional functional PSI cl.1 and B1OXI cell models. Also, C. jejuni did not translocate across PSI cl.1 and B1OXI cell monolayers when co-incubated with probiotics. Among selected probiotics, L. rhamnosus LGG was the strain that reduced adhesion efficacy of C. jejuni most significantly under co-culture conditions.Conclusion The addition of Lactobacillus spp. to feed additives in livestock nutrition might be an effective novel strategy that targets Campylobacter adhesion to epithelial cells, and thus prevents colonisation, reduces the transmission, and finally lowers the incidence of human campylobacteriosis.
Prevalence and factors associated with the contamination of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus during pig transport to slaughterhouses in Colombia
Authors: Ortiz Maria del Pilar Pineda , Morales Johanna Paola Corrales , Herrera Gilma Hernández , Pena Carlos Enrique Trillos , Moreno Diana Corina Zambrano 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Abstract:
Background: Porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED) is an infectious disease that mainly affects neonatal piglets with a morbidity rate of 80%–100% and a mortality rate of 50%–90%. Prior to March 2014, PED was an exotic disease in Colombia with no historical epidemiological data and this study was conducted at the beginning of the spread of the virus in the country. The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence and factors associated with porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) contamination in pig transportation to slaughterhouses in Colombia through a cross-sectional study involving a sample of 518 pig trucks visiting the 32 main slaughterhouses authorized by the regulatory agency of the govern, the INVIMA. Samples were obtained using proportional allocation stratified sampling of pig trucks entering and leaving slaughterhouses for the diagnosis of PEDV through RT-PCR, as well as conducting a survey of the drivers of the sampled trucks. The sampling was performed from June to November 2014, during the first outbreak.
Results: The prevalence of PEDV at the time of entry of the plant was 71.8% (CI 95%: 70.8–72.8) versus 70.5% (CI 95%: 69.5–71.5) on exit (p=0.375). Associated factors found to increase the possibility of contamination included: the type of slaughterhouse either national (OR 15.9, CI 95%: 4.9–51.85) or national–exportation (OR 9.0, CI 95%: 2.20–36.91), the zone of highest slaughter (OR 9.05, CI 95%: 2.9–27.63), the non-exclusive use of vehicles for the transport of pigs (OR 3.75, CI 95%: 1.55–9.08) and visiting animal feed plants (OR 13.5, CI 95%: 4.1–44.12). Factors identified to reduce the possibility of contamination included: the cleaning of vehicles, the use of disinfectants on the vehicle and the exclusive of the vehicle for pig transportation.
Conclusions: The results showed that the high degree of truck mobilization, with poor biosafety compliance and dissemination characteristics of the virus, facilitated the spread of PEDV throughout the national territory. These factors contributed to establishing the disease as an endemic problem in Colombia.
Keywords: coronavirus, epidemiology, PEDV, prevalence, swine.
Ethnoveterinary survey of medicinal plants used for treatment of animal diseases in Ambo District of Oromia Regional State of Ethiopia
Authors: Berhanu Mulugeta , Tintagu Tarekegn , Fentahun Selamawit , Giday Mirutse - 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background: Traditional knowledge on the use of medicinal plants is in danger of extinction because of different changes taking place all over the world including Ethiopia and thus there is a need for its immediate documentation for the purpose of conservation, sustainable utilization and development. Thus, an ethnobotanical study was conducted in Ambo District, Oromia Regional State of Ethiopia to document and analyze local knowledge on medicinal plants used for the treatment of animal diseases.Methods: Data were collected between November, 2017 and April, 2018 mainly through semi-interviews conducted with purposively selected informants. Data collected mainly included demographic information of respondents, local names of medicinal plants, plant parts used, preparation methods, mode of applications, diseases treated, and habit and habitat of the reported plants. Based on data obtained through interviews, Informant Consensus Factor (ICF) values were computed.Results: A total of 55 medicinal plants used to manage livestock ailment were reported by informants in the Ambo District. Herbs were commonly used in the preparation of remedies. Leaf was the most frequently utilized plant part accounting for 49.1% of the total reported medicinal plants. The majority (69.0%) of the medicinal plants used in the study District were uncultivated ones mainly harvested from edges of forests and bushlands, roadsides, river banks and grasslands. High ICF values were obtained for ophthalmological (0.82), dermatological (0.79), febrile (0.77) and gastro-intestinal ailments (0.77).Conclusion: The current study shows that there is still rich traditional knowledge on the use of plants to control various animal diseases in study District. However, such claim needs to be scientifically verified with priority given to medicinal plants used in the treatment of ailment categories with high ICF values as such plants are considered to be good candidates for further pharmacological evaluation.
Clinical outcome of surgical management for symptomatic metastatic spinal cord compression from prostate cancer
Authors: Miyoshi Yasuhide , Kawahara Takashi , Yao Masahiro , Uemura Hiroji 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
BackgroundMetastatic spinal cord compression (MSCC) from prostate cancer (PC) influence to not only prognosis but also quality of life of patients. However little were known about clinical outcome of surgery for MSCC from PC. We evaluated both oncological and functional outcome of decompression and reconstruction surgery for patients with symptomatic MSCC from PC. MethodsWe assessed 19 patients who were performed decompression and reconstruction surgery for symptomatic MSCC from PC. Those of 19 patients, 8 were patients with metastatic hormone naïve prostate cancer (mHNPC) and 11 were patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). ResultsMedian age of MSCC of patients with mHNPC and mCRPC were 72 and 65, respectively. Median prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels at diagnosed as MSCC of patients with mHNPC and mCRPC were 910 ng/mL and 67 ng/mL, respectively. Although 2 out of 8 patients (25.0 %) with mHNPC were ambulatory preoperatively, 6 patients (75.0 %) were ambulatory postoperatively. Among 11 patients with mCRPC, only 3 patients (27.3 %) were ambulatory preoperatively, 6 patients (54.5 %) were ambulatory postoperatively. Median postoperative overall survival among men with mHNPC and mCPRC were not reached and 8 months, respectively. ConclusionsOur current study demonstrated that decompression and reconstruction surgery for symptomatic MSCC form PC might contribute favorable functional outcome among men with mHNCP and mCRPC. However, its role for improving the oncological outcome remains unclear. Anyway, treatment strategy should be made by shared-decision making among patients, urologists, radiation oncologists, and orthopedic surgeons.
Psychological interventions for managing postpartum psychosis: A qualitative analysis of women’s and family members’ experiences and preferences
Authors: Forde Rebecca , Peters Sarah , Wittkowski Anja 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background Postpartum psychosis is a rare, yet severe disorder, in which early identification and immediate intervention is crucial. Despite recommendations for psychological input, little is known about the types of psychological intervention reported to be helpful. The aim of this study was to explore the experiences, needs and preferences for psychological intervention from the perspective of women with postpartum psychosis and from the perspective of family members.Methods Thirteen women and eight family members, including partners were interviewed. The data from these semi-structured interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed and inductively analysed using thematic analysis.Results Twelve subthemes were identified and then organised around three main themes: 1) Seeking safety and containment, 2) Recognising and responding to the psychological impact and 3) Planning for the future . These themes highlight the temporal element of recovery from postpartum psychosis, because women’s psychological needs and preferences changed over time. During the acute phase, emphasis was placed on ensuring safety. Women subsequently needed to connect, process and adjust to their experiences and benefitted from long-term psychological support, which often incorporated managing the fear of relapse and reaching a decision about future pregnancies.Conclusion The results illustrate a range of areas in which psychological intervention could be delivered to facilitate and enhance recovery. Further research is needed to develop meaningful and effective psychological interventions and to investigate the most appropriate timing for this to be offered.
Global water access fund: a new idea to bridge operations and maintenance shortfalls for the poorest water utilities
Authors: Nagpal Tanvi , Eldridge Matthew , Malik Ammar A. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Reaching the sustainable development goal for water and sanitation access will require significant investments. For some utilities, the private sector or blended public–private investments offer opportunities to expand and improve services, but this is not an option for many utilities serving the poorest households. These utilities are often unable to cover their current operations and maintenance costs and have limited capacity to increase tariffs in order to do so. Yet supporting these utilities is crucial to expanding access to safe drinking water for the majority of citizens. We argue that a new solution is needed to provide utilities serving the poorest with sufficient subsidies to cover their operational costs, stabilize service, and make performance improvements to advance towards sustainable operation. This article presents a potential solution which blends funding from global philanthropy, solidarity levies, and local matching funds. Such a fund, if structured to reflect the principles of results-based funding, transparency, sustainability, and performance improvement, can make a meaningful impact on water access.
Treatment of low strength wastewater using compact submerged aerobic fixed film (SAFF) reactor filled with high specific surface area synthetic media
Authors: Gurjar Rishi , Shende Akshay D. , Pophali Girish R. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractStudies on laboratory-scale submerged aerobic fixed film reactor (SAFF) packed with synthetic media having specific surface area of 165 m2/m3 with a void volume of 89% were carried out to assess its performance under various organic loading rates (OLR) and hydraulic retention times (HRT). Synthetic wastewater having chemical oxygen demand (COD) and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) of 400 ± 10% and 210 ± 10% mg/L respectively was fed and the reactor was subjected to OLRs ranging from 0.37 to 1.26 kg COD/m3.d. It was observed that steady sloughing of biofilm occurs within the SAFF reactor all the times and average concentration of sloughed biomass in the effluent was 26 mg/L. The COD and BOD removal efficiencies varied between 85 and 89% and 86 to 94%, respectively. The kinetic studies demonstrated that SAFF reactor followed Stover–Kincannon and Grau models, with high correlation coefficients (R2) of 0.9977 and 0.9916, respectively. Thus, the values of kinetic coefficients such as maximum substrate utilization rate, Umax = 64.1 g/(L.d); saturation value constant, KB = 72.31 g/(L.d) and Grau second-order substrate removal rate constant, Ks = 2.44 day−1 can be useful to develop and design large scale SAFF reactors. Finally, the study reveals that the optimum range for OLR can vary within 0.68–0.94 kg COD/m3.d.
Formulation and Evaluation of Floating Tablets of Sitagliptin with Extract of Triphala
Authors: Sundaramoorthy Revathi , Gopal V , Jeyabalan G 
Published: September 2019

The aim of the present work is to formulate, optimize and evaluate hydrodynamically balanced antidiabetic system incorporated with sitagliptin and phytochemical constituents of Triphala extract for the treatment of constipation associated with diabetes. The Triphala churna of two different ratios, 1:1:1 (TC1) and 1:2:4 (TC2) were subjected to hot percolation using Soxhlet apparatus using methanol as solvent. The floating matrix tablets of Sitagliptin with methanolic Triphala extract was prepared by wet granulation technique using HPMC K4M as polymer, starch/honey as binder and sodium bicarbonate & citric acid as effervescent agents by 24 factorial design. The compatibility studies showed that there is no chemical interaction between the drug, polymer and the excipients used in the tablets. The independent variables are drug & Triphala extract ratio (X1), Triphala proportion (X2), binder used for granulation (X3), and amount of effervescent excipients used (X4). The dependent variables are hardness (Y1), buoyancy lag time (Y2), total floating time (Y3), in-vitro drug release (Y4), and T50% (Y5). The prepared floating tablets were subjected to all post compression parameters such as hardness, friability, swelling capacity, buoyancy, total floating time, drug content & in-vitro drug release and were found to be within normal limits. Based on drug content, buoyancy lag time and in-vitro drug release the formulations F14 and F16 were selected for in-vivo study of the formulation.
Keywords: Triphala, Sitagliptin, honey, floating tablet.