bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electrified Cloud Areas Observed in the SHV and LDR Radar Modes
Authors: Melnikov Valery , Zrnić Dusan S. , Weber Mark E. , Fierro Alexandre O. , MacGorman Donald R. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractStrong in-cloud electric fields align ice particles that can be observed with polarization diversity radars. Radar data collected in the simultaneous transmission mode, wherein horizontally and vertically polarized waves are simultaneously transmitted and received (SHV), and in a mode whereby a single-polarization wave is transmitted and dual (orthogonal)-polarization waves are received simultaneously [linear depolarization (LDR) mode] are analyzed. The necessary time delay between the SHV and LDR modes for our radar was about 1–4 min. The data show that the areas of canted crystals from the LDR mode are larger than those from the SHV mode, thereby indicating that the LDR mode is more sensitive to canted ice cloud particles than the SHV mode. The data also demonstrate that the differential phase and correlation coefficient in the LDR mode are indicative of canted cloud crystals and that these variables often are more sensitive to canted crystals than the linear depolarization ratio studied earlier. Rapidly scanning radars such as those with a phased array antenna could operate sequentially in the SHV and LDR modes and thus better detect cloud volumes characterized by enhanced electric fields.
Cross-Flow Drying and Curing of Wet-Laid Glass Fiber Veils
Authors: Heil C. 
Published: December 2018

Glass fiber veil is produced with a wet forming process, after which the veil is dried in a wire-type cross-flow dryer. The wet nonwoven web structure of glass fibers and binder undergoes the drying process under specific conditions as air velocity, air temperature and air humidity, each of which can be controlled separately. Drying is an important process step, which highly defines the end product properties of the glass fiber veil. A simulation model is presented that give the opportunity for a better understanding of the cross-flow drying process in relation to product and process properties, and also a better controllability and a better energy management of the drying process. Thermocouples placed beneath the supporting transport wire and air humidity sensors in the dryer sections are the key for evaluation of important non-measurable drying air and glass web properties. The model has been validated using correction factors for heat and mass transfer and assuming leaking air flows between the dryer sections. The impact of the underlying work goes further in the direction of understanding some related product and process problems: (1) There is an explicit binder migration process from the wet glass web to the wet upper surface of the supporting transport wire, while flash-drying of the wet web proceeds on the dry and hot wire surface. (2) The drying process of wet glass fibers and wet binder gels proceeds at a specific temperature under which a solid binder film forming process occurs. Control of the temperature and time for solid film forming in the whole fiber web structure can be effectuated in this way. The relevance of the simulation model may be proved by continuous inline measurements at the production line.
Use of Nonwovens of Variable Porosity as Noise Control Elements
Authors: Shoshani Yakir , Yakubov Yakov 
Published: December 2018

The optimal design of multilayer combinations of nonwoven fiberwebs is of prime importance in their applications as noise control elements. Such combinations can be simulated as a single layer with variable characteristics along the propagation of the sound wave. The paper examines the effect of variation of porosity on the sound absorption coefficients of three webs made of cotton, acrylic fibers and polyester. The numerical procedure is based upon our generalization of the C. Zwikker and C.W. Kosten theory on sound transfer through porous media reported elsewhere. We have considered four functional forms of the porosity: linear, quadratic, exponential and logarithmic. Our results clearly indicate that for all materials considered the logarithmic form yields the highest noise absorption coefficients for f=1000 Hz.
Polymeric Nanofibers and Nanofiber Webs: A New Class of Nonwovens
Authors: Grafe Timothy , Graham Kristine 
Published: December 2018

Nanofiber is a broad phrase generally referring to a fiber with a diameter less than 1 micron. While glass fibers have existed in the sub-micron range for some time and polymeric meltblown fibers are just beginning to break the micron barrier, 0.25 micron diameter electrospun nanofibers have been manufactured and used commercially for air filtration applications for more than twenty years. Several value-added nonwoven applications, including filtration, barrier fabrics, wipes, personal care, medical and pharmaceutical applications may benefit from the interesting technical properties of commercially available nanofibers and nanofiber webs. This paper will discuss the electrospinning process for making nanofibers and nonwoven nanofiber webs from synthetic fiber-forming polymers. The resulting physical characteristics of the nanofiber webs will be discussed. In order to provide a useful context for the nonwovens industry, nanofiber webs will be compared to both melt-blown and spunbond nonwovens. The description and comparison of the properties should provide product designers in the nonwovens industry with the tools to generate product and applications ideas about new uses for nanofibers.
Numerical Modeling of Thermobonded Nonwovens
Authors: Mueller Dieter H. , Kochmann Markus 
Published: December 2018

In thermobonded nonwovens, the design of the bond point geometry is of major importance to the desired mechanical behavior. Despite the geometry's significance the selection is subject to a trial and error approach. This paper describes a numerical method for the prediction of the nonwovens tensile behavior depending on the bond point geometry and process parameters. The tensile behavior of thermobonded nonwovens is modeled in a numerical model using the Finite Element Method (FEM). The approach covers the influence of the shape and size of the bonded area as well as the properties of the non-woven. The influence of the technological parameters during the bonding process such as process temperature and pressure, are also covered. The solidified area within the bond point is represented using solid elements. The connection between the bonded areas is modeled using link elements, representing the connecting fibers. This approach covers the nonlinear behavior caused by the fiber material properties and geometry. Sets of fibers are combined into fiber bundles in order to reduce the numerical effort. The fiber orientation within the nonwoven is taken into account in order to represent the different fiber distributions caused by the nonwovens production techniques. The mechanical properties of fibers and fiber bundles are taken from experimental data and are mapped onto the model. The model is verified using experimental data from tensile testing.
Structure-Process-Property Relationships in Hydroentangled Nonwovens -Part 1: Preliminary Experimental Observations
Authors: Pourdeyhimi Behnam , Minton Amy , Putnam Mike , Kim Han Seong 
Published: December 2018

Hydroentanglement describes a versatile process for manufacturing nonwoven fabrics using fine, closely spaced, high-velocity jets of water to entangle loose arrays of fibers. The resultant fabrics rely primarily on fiber-to-fiber friction to achieve physical integrity and are characterized by relatively high strength, flexibility, and conformability. These technologies can use efficiently the majority of all types of fibers and produce fabrics that could achieve properties equivalent to wovens. To develop a method for predicting the mechanical performance of hydroentangled nonwovens, one must first gather critical information about the materials, the web and the process to establish a detailed knowledge base. The first step in this process is to establish the role that the hydroentangling process parameters play in controlling the performance of the product. One must establish how efficient entanglement is attained, how such entanglement is translated into tensile and other physical properties as well as understanding the role of the intrinsic fiber properties that interact with the process. This is the first in a series of papers planned for dealing with structure-process-property relationships in hydroentangled nonwovens.
Attractions to Fuel the Imagination: Reframing Understandings of the Role of Distraction Relative to Well-Being in the Pediatric Hospital
Authors: McLaughlan Rebecca , Sadek Ahmed , Willis Julie 
Published: December 2018

Objective: Ulrich’s (1991) definition of “positive distraction” includes that which “elicits positive feelings and holds attention,” implying that the capacity of an environmental feature to hold attention is a necessary component. This article examines whether, in the context of a pediatric hospital, a distraction needs to “hold attention” to secure positive benefits for patient well-being. Background: Data collected from 246 patients at Melbourne’s Royal Children’s Hospital (Australia) revealed a discrepancy between what children and young people told us they did, and valued, within the hospital, relative to the time they spent engaging in, or paying attention to, these same features. This motivated a closer interrogation of the relationship between well-being, distraction, and socialization within the pediatric context. Method: Data were collected using a mixed-methods approach that included 178 surveys, 43 drawings contributed by patients/siblings within the outpatient waiting room, 25 photo-elicitation interviews with patients, and 100 hr of spatial observations within public and waiting room spaces. This was supplemented by interviews with architects and hospital staff. Conclusions: The mechanism by which we have understood positive distraction to contribute to well-being within the pediatric hospital environment is more complex than existing models accept. Within this context, environmental features that can positively transform expectations of visiting the hospital—that can ignite the imagination and incite a desire to return—can offer significant benefits to well-being. This is particularly relevant in the context of absenteeism from outpatient appointments and in reducing patient resistance to future, or ongoing, treatments.
The epidemiology of acromioclavicular joint excision
Authors: McLean Michael , Hoban Katie , Gupta Rohit , Gibson Anthony , Brooksbank Andrew J. , Fazzi Umberto G. , Arthur Angus , Martin David , Jenkins Paul J. , Millar Neal L. 
Published: December 2018

Background: With the development of arthroscopic procedures such as subacromial decompression (ASAD) and rotator cuff repair (RCR), it is hypothesized that there may have been a similar rise in the performance of acromioclavicular joint excision (ACJE). The purpose of this study was to investigate the epidemiology of ACJE to examine incidence, surgical technique, age, gender of patients and associated procedures in an urban population. Methods: A prospectively collected surgical database was retrospectively examined to identify patients undergoing ACJE. Associated procedures such as ASAD or RCR were determined from these records. The demographic details (age and gender) were also recorded. Results: A total of 411 ACJEs were performed over the study period (n = 216 males, n = 195 female). The overall incidence increased from 9.3 per 100,000 in 2009, to a peak of 19.6 per 1,00,000 in 2013. In 349 patients, ACJE was undertaken as part of an arthroscopic procedure, of which 332 were ASAD+ACJE alone. The prevalence of arthroscopic ACJE in ASADs was 23.7% (349/1400). ACJE was performed as an open procedure in 62 (15%) cases. Those undergoing open ACJE were younger than those undergoing an arthroscopic procedure (mean difference 6.2 years, 95% CI 3.2–9.2, p < 0.001). Conclusions: We demonstrate an increasing incidence of ACJE in the general population. The groups of patients most likely to undergo ACJE are women aged between 45 and 54 years old, men aged 55–64 years and the most socioeconomically deprived. The higher incidence of ACJE in the most deprived socioeconomic quintile may have public health implications. Level of Evidence: II; retrospective design: prognosis study.
PHF6 and DNMT3A mutations are enriched in distinct subgroups of mixed phenotype acute leukemia with T-lineage differentiation
Authors: Xiao Wenbin , Bharadwaj Maheetha , Levine Max , Farnoud Noushin , Pastore Friederike , Getta Bartlomiej M. , Hultquist Anne , Famulare Christopher , Medina Juan S. , Patel Minal A. , Gao Qi , Lewis Natasha , Pichardo Janine , Baik Jeeyeon , Shaffer Brian , Giralt Sergio , Rampal Raajit , Devlin Sean , Cimera Robert , Zhang Yanming , E. Arcila Maria , Papaemmanuil Elli , Levine Ross L. , Roshal Mikhail 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
The genetic aberrations that drive mixed phenotype acute leukemia (MPAL) remain largely unknown, with the exception of a small subset of MPALs harboring BCR-ABL1 and MLL translocations. We performed clinicopathologic and genetic evaluation of 52 presumptive MPAL cases at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center. Only 29 out of 52 (56%) cases were confirmed to be bona fide MPAL according to the 2016 World Heath Organization classification. We identified PHF6 and DNMT3A mutations as the most common recurrent mutations in MPAL, each occurring in 6 out of 26 (23%) cases. These mutations are mutually exclusive of each other and BCR-ABL1/MLL translocations. PHF6- and DNMT3A-mutated MPAL showed marked predilection for T-lineage differentiation (5/6 PHF6 mutated, 6/6 DNMT3A mutated). PHF6-mutated MPAL occurred in a younger patient cohort compared with DNMT3A-mutated cases (median age, 27 years vs 61 years, P &lt; .01). All 3 MPAL cases with both T- and B-lineage differentiation harbored PHF6 mutations. MPAL with T-lineage differentiation was associated with nodal or extramedullary involvement (9/15 [60%] vs 0, P = .001) and a higher relapse incidence (78% vs 22%, P = .017) compared with those without T-lineage differentiation. Sequencing studies on flow-cytometry–sorted populations demonstrated that PHF6 mutations are present in all blast compartments regardless of lineage differentiation with high variant allele frequency, implicating PHF6 as an early mutation in MPAL pathogenesis. In conclusion, PHF6 and DNMT3A mutations are the most common somatic alterations identified in MPAL and appear to define 2 distinct subgroups of MPAL with T-lineage differentiation with inferior outcomes.
Headscarf and job recruitment—lifting the veil of labour market discrimination
Authors: Leckcivilize Attakrit , Straub Alexander 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThis paper investigates effects of appearance and religious practice of job applicants on the hiring decision. We asked participants in our laboratory experiment to select fictitious candidates for an interview from a pool of CVs with comparable characteristics but different photos. Some photos were of the same Turkish women with and without a headscarf. We demonstrate the effects of appearance, ethnicity, and veiling simultaneously and propose underlying mechanisms. We find robust effects of appearance but heterogeneous effects of headscarf on callback rates based on types of occupations and recruiters’ characteristics. However, positive characteristics mitigate discrimination against headscarf and even reverse it.
Implementation of Computerized Physician Order Entry for Chemotherapy: A Latin American Experience
Authors: Valencia Fernando S. , Ruiz Rossana , Neciosup Silvia P. , Mas Luis A. , Aliaga Karina M. , Huaman Flor , Ruiz Jenny , Vasquez Edinson , Llacctahuaman Noel , Pedraza Robert , Paz Missael , Aguirre Willam , Gomez Henry L. 
Published: December 2018

Purpose We describe the implementation process of a computerized physician order entry (CPOE) for outpatient chemotherapy at a Latin American hospital, with the intent of providing other institutions with general guidance and insight through our experience. Methods In 2012, under the direction of the Department of Medicine of the Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplásicas, a multidisciplinary team composed of oncologists, nurses, pharmacists, and informatics engineers was formed to develop software for a CPOE for chemotherapy within a preexistent homegrown electronic medical record system in various phases. This included mapping and redesigning processes in an entirely electronic format, integrating the needs of the user for the development of electronic order sets, developing a checkpoint and a warning system to minimize prescription errors, and finally, training all the staff in implementation of the system. Results A CPOE for outpatient chemotherapy was successfully implemented in 2016. We have successfully standardized 266 chemotherapy orders, including for both solid tumors and hematologic malignancies, on the basis of appropriate guidelines. The software is linked to laboratory results and allows entry of important details for the patient's safety, such as anthropometric information for an automatic dose calculation and ranges for safe prescription. In addition, it is linked to the nursing plan sheets. Finally, it is possible to assess and continuously monitor the complex process of chemotherapy prescription. Conclusion This is the first report of implementation of a CPOE for chemotherapy in our region. The system was designed by a multidisciplinary team with its own resources. Our experience demonstrates the feasibility of computerizing the chemotherapy prescription process, constituting a tangible example for other institutions with potential impact on patient care.
Influence of different stocking density on the growth, feed efficiency, and survival of Majalaya common carp (Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758)
Authors: Hayat Mir'atul , Nugroho Rudy Agung , Aryani Retno 
Published: December 2018

Background: Stocking density is key to successful Majalaya common carp (Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758) culture which is a valuable fish culture in Indonesia. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the growth statues, feed utilization, and survival rate of Majalaya common carp (reared with different stocking density. Methods: In total, 1400 fish were randomly distributed into four replicates of four different groups of stocking density: 50, 75, 100, and 125 fish m−3. All fish were fed using a satiation method, three times per day with commercial diet for 12 weeks. At the end of the trial week, growth, feed utilization, and survival were determined. Water quality measures, such as dissolved oxygen (mg L-1), temperature (°C), pH, NH3 (mg L-1), and NO2 (mg L-1) were also measured once a week during the trial. Results: Similar weight gain and SGR were found in Majalaya common carp reared at stocking densities of 50 to 100 fish m3. However, 125 fish m-3 density may reduce weight gain and SGR. The average weekly and daily weight gain of Majalaya common carp significantly increased when reared from 50 to 100 fish m-3 and remained constant at 125 fish m-3 density. Meanwhile, feed conversion ratio and survival of Majalaya common carp were not affected by any stocking density. Conclusions: A stocking density of 100 fish m-3 exhibited significantly higher growth of Majalaya common carp in hapa net ponds among the treatment. Temperature ranges of 29.20-33.38°C, pH 7.47-8.22, DO 4.76-7.55 (mg L-1), NH3 0-0.5 mg L-1, and NO2 0-1 mg L-1 were found to provide optimum condition to the fish.
Chicken feather hydrolysate as alternative peptone source for microbial cultivation
Authors: Akpor Oghenerobor B. , Odesola Damilola E. , Thomas Remilekun E. , Oluba Olarewaju M. 
Published: December 2018

Background: Commercially available conventional growth medium for the culture of microbes are expensive, hence the need for alternative cheaper sources. Poultry waste, in the form of feather and blood, are of value in biotechnology because of their high protein content. Hence the primary aim of this study was to produce a cheaper peptone alternative from chicken feather protein hydrolysate (CFPH) and blood meal (BM). Methods: We monitored the growth of selected bacteria and fungi in different concentrations of medium produced from varying combination of peptone, CFPH and BM in order to determine the combination that produced maximum growth. Five different media, namely 100% peptone (control), 100% BM, 40% peptone + 60% CFPH, 40% BM + 60% CFPH and 20% peptone + 20% BM + 60% CFPH were prepared and used for the study. The different media were inoculated with 1 ml of each test organism (Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Candida carpophila, Candida tropicalis and Pichia kundriavzevii) and their growth monitored for 10 h. Results: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus mirabilis and Staphylococcus aureus grew best in the 100% peptone, Klebsiella pneumoniae grew best in 100 BM. The fungi species were observed to grow best in 100% peptone. The 60% CFPH + 40% peptone combination (CFPH obtained with precipitate of TCA, HCl, and HNO3 gave the best growth of E. coli. The 60% CFPH + 40% peptone combination (CFPH obtained with precipitate of TCA) also gave the best growth of C. tropicalis and Klebsiella pneumoniae respectively. Conclusions: Overall, the 60% CFPH + 40% peptone combination showed the most potential as an alternative to peptone, especially for E. coli.
Ergen-Ebeveyn Kariyer Uyumu Ölçeği'ni Türkçeye Uyarlama Çalışması
Authors: Bacanlı Feride , Yıldız Akyol Elvan , Kaynak Semih , Özhan Mehmet Buğra 
Published: December 2018

Bu
araştırmanın temel amacı Ergen-Ebeveyn Kariyer Uyumu Ölçeği’nin (Sawitri vd.,
2012) geçerlik ve güvenirliğinin Türkiye’deki ergen öğrenciler üzerinde
incelenmesidir. İlk olarak ölçeği oluşturan maddeler Türkçeleştirilmiştir.
Türkçeleştirilen maddeler psikolojik danışma ve rehberlik, ölçme ve
değerlendirme ve Türkçe alanlarından uzmanlar tarafından incelenmiş, alınan
dönütler kapsamında gerekli düzenlemeler yapılmıştır. Ölçeğin Türkçe formu Ankara
il merkezinde üçü lise, üçü ortaokul düzeyinde olmak üzere altı farklı okulda
öğrenim görmekte olan toplam 494 ergen öğrenciye uygulanmıştır. Ölçeğin yapı geçerliliğine
kanıt sağlamak amacıyla doğrulayıcı faktör analizi yapılmıştır. Yapılan birinci
ve ikinci düzey DFA sonuçları birlikte değerlendirildiğinde; ölçeğin orijinal
formunda yer alan iki faktörlü yapısının araştırmanın çalışma grubu olan Türk ergen
öğrencilerde de desteklendiği görülmüştür. Ölçeğin geçerliğine kanıt sağlamak amacıyla
Kariyer Seçiminde Aile Etkisi Ölçeği ile ilişkisi incelenmiştir. Ölçeğin güvenirliği, Cronbach Alpha
katsayısı ile iç tutarlılık, test-tekrar
test tekniği ile de kararlılık bağlamında incelenmiştir. Yapılan inceleme sonucunda
Cronbach Alpha katsayısı değerleri tamamlayıcı uyum alt boyutu için .77,
benzerlik uyumu alt boyutu için .73, ölçeğin bütünü için ise .82 olarak
bulunmuştur. Test-tekrar test güvenirlikleri ise tamamlayıcı uyum alt boyutu
için .84, benzerlik uyumu alt boyutu için .79, ölçeğin bütünü için ise .89
olarak hesaplanmıştır. Araştırma bulguları bir bütün olarak değerlendirildiğinde
Ergen-Ebeveyn
Kariyer Uyumu Ölçeği’nin ebeveynler ile onların ergen çocuklarının kariyer
beklentileri arasındaki uyumu ölçen, 11 maddeden ve tamamlayıcı uyum ve
benzerlik uyumu olmak üzere iki alt faktörden oluşan, gelecek teorik ve
uygulamalı araştırmalarda kullanılabilecek geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracı
olduğu söylenebilir.