bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Extensão universitária na educação de jovens e adultos no contexto prisional: uma proposta educativa dialógica
Authors: Isídio Alves Maria Lígia , Nascimento Dias Jucilene , Da Silva Severino Bezerra 
Published: May 2019

O presente texto tem como objetivo apresentar algumas reflexões acerca das perspectivas metodológicas do "Projeto de Extensão Universitária Educação de Jovens e Adultos (EJA) no contexto prisionalâ€. Trata-se de um projeto vinculado Ã Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB), que abrangeu cerca de 80 (oitenta) educadores que atuam nas unidades prisionais do estado. É uma proposta educativa pautada na horizontalidade das decisões e no diálogo como princípio fundante para a organização, sistematização e (re)orientação da condução do processo de construção do conhecimento dos sujeitos envolvidos. Optou-se por problematizar e apresentar essa experiência a partir de autores que discutem educação popular (FREIRE, 1981, 1997, 2011a, 2011b), EJA em prisões (IRELAND, 2011; MAEYER, 2011; MUÃ‘OZ, 2011) e extensão universitária (FREIRE, 1983; MELO NETO, 2012). O percurso metodológico baseia-se numa abordagem qualitativa, com estudo de caso de cunho descritivo. Adotaram-se como procedimentos metodológicos a observação participante e a análise documental (relatório dos encontros), e têm-se como sujeitos da pesquisa, professores e agentes penitenciários da educação de jovens e adultos participantes do mencionado projeto, assim como os professores/pesquisadores. Nessa ação extensionista, consideraram-se os interesses, as necessidades educacionais e humanas dos atores que fazem o cotidiano na prisão.
Humor in civil case mediations: A functional approach
Authors: Robert Christopher , Wall James A. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThis study investigates humor by mediators and disputants in 95 civil case mediations. Consistent with the majority of the humor literature, as well as with the descriptive and prescriptive literature on mediation, we found that some humor was used by mediators and disputants in a “nice” and affiliative way, to control tension and to facilitate amicable relationships. Some of that humor also came in the form of reciprocal back-and-forth banter or in a positive and affiliative form that was unrelated to the mediation itself. However, many incidents of humor were harsh, as well as aggressive, and that humor often served specific functions within the mediation context. Mediators, and, to a lesser extent, disputants, used humor as a means of applying pressure to another party. Disputants, but seldom mediators, used humor defensively, to counter the pressure applied to them. We discuss how our results stand in contrast to the conventional wisdom about humor; we extend humor and conflict theory by integrating theory and perspectives on power; and we explain how our findings might extend to various social situations that involve power differentials between parties.
A Stochastic Model Based on Markov Chain to Support Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) Operation in Smart Distribution Network
Authors: Hampannavar Santoshkumar , Yaragatti Udaykumar R. , Chavhan Suresh 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
In this paper a multiagent based communication framework for gridable electric vehicle (GEV) aggregation in power distribution network is proposed. Also, multi objective optimization is presented for the minimization of power losses and maximization of voltage. Furthermore multiagent system (MAS) based analytical model is proposed for GEV aggregation. Comprehensive case studies are conducted on IEEE 33 and 69 bus test distribution systems using MATLAB and it is observed that the timely and optimal placement of GEV aggregation in distribution network using multiagent communication (MAC) will lead to reduction in power losses and improvement in voltage profile. MATLAB and MOBILE C were used for the simulation studies and results demonstrate significant benefits of GEV aggregation in distribution network.
The Upper and Lower Approximations in Rough Subgroupoid of a Groupoid
Authors: Tasbozan H. , Icen I. 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
In this article, we introduce the concept of rough subgroupoid of a groupoid as a generalization of a rough subgroup and give some features about the lower and the upper approximations in a groupoid [1]. We give some of the characterization of them.
Maximized vertical photoluminescence from optical material with losses employing resonant excitation and extraction of photonic crystal modes
Authors: Fait Jan , Varga Marián , Hruška Karel , Remeš Zdeněk , Jurka Vlastimil , Kromka Alexander , Rezek Bohuslav , Ondič Lukáš 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Optical losses of a host material together with the total internal reflection phenomenon can significantly reduce photoluminescence external quantum efficiency of embedded light-emitters. This is not only the case for light-emitting color centers in thin layers of nanocrystalline diamond, but also for silicon nanocrystals in silica dioxide matrices and for some types of perovskite materials. Here, we show that a significant boost (more than 100-fold enhancement) of the directional light emission efficiency from light-emitters in diamond can be achieved by using two-dimensional photonic crystal slabs (PhCs) to extract the light emission into vertical direction (resonant extraction) and at the same time to couple the excitation beam into the structure (resonant excitation). We have further shown that this so-called resonant extraction and excitation scheme provides the highest enhancement when the overlap between the electric field distribution of extraction leaky mode and the region of the excited light-emitters is maximized. This can be achieved by using the same type of the photonic mode for both extraction and excitation, and by optimizing the thickness of a diamond layer. The usage of the same type of modes appears to be more significant than tuning of the Q-factors of the excitation and extraction leaky modes individually. The results of our measurements are supported by the outputs of computer simulations. Our findings may be helpful in designing future PhCs for extraction of luminescence originating from various optoelectronic and sensor devices making use of the unique properties of the diamond. Moreover, our concept can be easily extended to other light-emitting materials with optical losses.
Crystal structure of 8-(3,4-dimethylbenzylidene)-6,10-dioxaspiro[4.5]decane-7,9-dione, C17H18O4
Authors: Wang Xia , Zeng Wu-Lan 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
C17H18O4, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 8.6020(17) Å, b = 14.835(3) Å, c = 11.624(2) Å, β = 90.07(3), V = 1483.3(5) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0474, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1439, T = 293(2) K.
Physicochemical Stability of Cefotaxime Sodium in Polypropylene Syringes at High Concentrations for Intensive Care Units
Authors: D’Huart Elise , Vigneron Jean , Blaise Franck , Charmillon Alexandre , Demoré Béatrice 
Published: May 2019

Abstract

Background
Cefotaxime sodium is an antibiotic used to treat severe infections such as in intensive care units (ICUs). The recommended dose of cefotaxime sodium can vary from 3 grams (g) to 24 g per day and publications have demonstrated that continuous administration of cefotaxime sodium is the preferred mode of administration. In ICUs, a minimum volume is used for patients requiring fluid restriction, leading to high concentrations of cefotaxime sodium.
The objective was to study the stability of cefotaxime sodium solutions at 83.3 mg/mL and 125 mg/mL, diluted in 0.9 % sodium chloride (0.9 % NaCl) or in 5 % glucose (G5 %), stored in polypropylene syringes, after the preparation and after a 6-hour and a 12-hour storage at 20–25 °C.

Methods
Three syringes for each condition were prepared. At each time of the analysis, three samples for each syringe were prepared and analysed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled to a photodiode array detector. The method was validated according to the International Conference on Harmonisation Q2(R1). Physical stability was evaluated by visual and subvisual inspection (turbidimetry by UV spectrophotometry at 350, 410 and 550 nm as recommended by the European Consensus Conference). pH and osmolality values were measured at each time of the analysis.

Results
For each solvent, cefotaxime sodium solutions at 83.3 mg/mL and 125 mg/mL retained more than 90 % of the initial concentration after 12 hours. During the stability study, pH values decreased slightly, the intensity of the yellow colour increased and values of absorbance increased progressively for each wavelength and each condition. An additional peak with a relative retention of 3.01 was also observed after the forced degradation gradually increased up to 4.01 % and 3.17 % of the total of surface area of the peaks present on the chromatogram after 12 hours in 0.9 % NaCl and in G5 % respectively.

Conclusions
In view of the results and despite the fact that solutions retained more than 90 % of the initial concentration after HPLC analysis, we propose to limit the stability of cefotaxime sodium in 0.9 % NaCl and G5 % at 83.3 and 125 mg/mL at 6 hours. These stability data of highly concentrated solutions provide an additional knowledge to assist ICUs in daily practice. This work also demonstrates that highly concentrated cefotaxime sodium solutions are physically unstable after a 6-hour storage and cannot be administered as a daily infusion.
Lignin-Based Carbon Nanomaterials—The Future Scope
Authors: Addepally Uma , Gandham Vani , Palety Kiran Kumari , Kanakaraju Yerra 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Carbon, a versatile material available in nature, can assume various allotropic forms, which improves its chances of useful exploitation in various applications. The application scope increases for carbon when it is brought to nanosize structures, like fullerenes and related materials, carbon nanotubes, carbon nanofibers, graphene, and carbon nanocomposites with better mechanical, thermal, electronic, and electrical properties, coupled with chemical robustness. Various precursor materials used for carbon nanostructures include hydrocarbons, carbonaceous industrial wastes, carbon blacks, carbon nano-onions etc. The high cost of precursors in particular is caused by petro-based sources, and manufacturing costs are narrowing the applications of carbon materials in high-performance structural materials. One alternative is biobased precursor materials like lignin, a polymeric aromatic compound with various side chain substituents found in plant cell walls. Lignin consists of more than 60 % carbon on a theoretical basis and can be a green carbon source for the production of carbon-based nanomaterials. Worldwide data show that the paper and pulp industry alone produces ∼50 × 109 kg of lignin per annum. The E20 or E30 norms of biofuel blending shows that each ton of biomass produces ∼15–25 % (w/w) of lignin as a by-product. Therefore, precursor material limitation can be avoided if lignin-based sources are used for nanomaterial production. In addition to these, animal manure from herbivores can also be considered for the same beause the manure contains significant amounts of microbial, processed lignin in the rumen with decreased degree of polymerization, making it suitable to play with the structure for various applications, particularly with nanocomposites. Some of the applications based on lignin might require preliminary functionalizations to the source material. Lignin-based nanomaterials have various applications in many biocompatible-based applications, such as for cancer diagnosis, drug delivery, optical sensors, tissue engineering, energy storage devices, air filtration, oil-water separation, electronics, and catalysis, etc.
The importance of contractile reserve in predicting exercise tolerance in asymptomatic patients with severe aortic stenosis
Authors: van Zalen Jet , Badiani Sveeta , Hart Lesley M. , Marshall Andrew J. , Beale Louisa , Brickley Gary , Bhattacharyya Sanjeev , Patel Nikhil R. , Lloyd Guy W. 
Published: May 2019

Abstract

Background Mortality dramatically rises with the onset of symptoms in patients with severe aortic stenosis (AS). Surgery is indicated when symptoms become apparent or when there is ventricular decompensation. Cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) in combination with exercise echocardiography can unmask symptoms and provides valuable information regarding contractile reserve. The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence of reduced exercise tolerance and the parameters predicting adverse cardiovascular events.

Methods Thirty-two patients with asymptomatic severe AS were included in this study. Patients were followed up as part of an enhanced surveillance clinic.

Results Age was 69 ± 15.7 years, 75% of patients were male. Patients had a raised NT-ProBNP of 301 pg/mL. VO2peak was 19.5 ± 6.2 mL/kg/min. Forty-one percent of patients had a reduced %VO2peak and this predicted unplanned cardiac hospitalisation (P = 0.005). Exercise systolic longitudinal velocity (S′) and age were the strongest independent predictors for VO2peak (R
2 = 0.76; P < 0.0001). Exercise S′ was the strongest independent predictor for NT-ProBNP (R
2 = 0.48; P = 0.001).

Conclusion A large proportion of patients had a lower than predicted VO2peak. The major determinant of exercise and NT-ProBNP is the ability of the left ventricle (LV) to augment S′ on exercise rather than the severity of aortic valve obstruction or resting structural remodelling of the LV. Reduced exercise tolerance and more adverse remodelling, rather than valve obstruction predicted unplanned hospitalisation. This study demonstrates that for those patients, in whom a watchful waiting is an agreed strategy, a detailed assessment should be undertaken including CPET, exercise echocardiography and biomarkers to ensure those with exercise limitation and risk of decompensation are detected early and treated appropriately.
Global Shifts in Gene Expression Profiles Accompanied with Environmental Changes in Cnidarian-Dinoflagellate Endosymbiosis
Authors: Ishii Yuu , Maruyama Shinichiro , Takahashi Hiroki , Aihara Yusuke , Yamaguchi Takeshi , Yamaguchi Katsushi , Shigenobu Shuji , Kawata Masakado , Ueno Naoto , Minagawa Jun 
Published: May 2019

AbstractStable endosymbiotic relationships between cnidarian animals and dinoflagellate algae are vital for sustaining coral reef ecosystems. Recent studies have shown that elevated seawater temperatures can cause the collapse of their endosymbiosis, known as ‘bleaching’, and result in mass mortality. However, the molecular interplay between temperature responses and symbiotic states still remains unclear. To identify candidate genes relevant to the symbiotic stability, we performed transcriptomic analyses under multiple conditions using the symbiotic and apo-symbiotic (symbiont free) Exaiptasia diaphana, an emerging model sea anemone. Gene expression patterns showed that large parts of differentially expressed genes in response to heat stress were specific to the symbiotic state, suggesting that the host sea anemone could react to environmental changes in a symbiotic state-dependent manner. Comparative analysis of expression profiles under multiple conditions highlighted candidate genes potentially important in the symbiotic state transition under heat-induced bleaching. Many of these genes were functionally associated with carbohydrate and protein metabolisms in lysosomes. Symbiont algal genes differentially expressed in hospite encode proteins related to heat shock response, calcium signaling, organellar protein transport, and sugar metabolism. Our data suggest that heat stress alters gene expression in both the hosts and symbionts. In particular, heat stress may affect the lysosome-mediated degradation and transportation of substrates such as carbohydrates through the symbiosome (phagosome-derived organelle harboring symbiont) membrane, which potentially might attenuate the stability of symbiosis and lead to bleaching-associated symbiotic state transition.
Hillforts: The Traditions of “Mottes” in the Territory of the Volyn Land in the Lithuanian Period
Authors: Panishko Sergey 
Published: May 2019

[full article, abstract in English; abstract in Lithuanian]
A group of monuments, specific by their external morphological features, stands out among the late medieval fortifications on the territory of the Volyn land. The abovementioned fortifications have the form of hills (“mottes”) with the upper sites of different sizes. The tradition of constructing such hillforts spread on the territory of Volhynia from the European side. Those hillforts were the first chivalrous castles. Judging by the current level of knowledge about these fortifications on the territory of Volhynia, several groups can be distinguished. Polissia fortifications (Kamin-Kashyrsky, Lyuboml, Vetly), which are the remains of small cities, volost-sotnia centers of the 14th century, are clearly distinguished. The second group includes the fortifications represented by the medium-sized hills in Korshiv and Gorodyshche I, which, apparently, were the castles of the outstanding feudal lords. The third group is represented by the classic examples of the European complexes of “mottes and baileys” in Ratno, Falemychi, Pyatydni, Khotyn, which, apparently, were the courtyards of knights. A peculiar position is occupied by an artificial mound in the middle of the lake (crannog) in Kachyn village. Such fortifications functioning on the territory of Volhynia can be referred to the second half of the 13th to the 16thcenturies. During their existence, the social functions of these constructions could have changed.
Medinio pastato Vilniaus Žemutinės pilies teritorijoje paskirtis ekofaktinių tyrimų duomenimis
Authors: Buitkutė Erika , Motuzaitė-Matuzevičiūtė Giedrė 
Published: May 2019

[full article and abstract in Lithuanian; abstract in English]
This article presents the research results from a two-compartment building of an unknown function that was discovered during the detailed archaeological investigation of the Royal Palace in the Lower Castle in Vilnius between November 2014 and January 2015. By applying a variety of research methodologies, which include archaeological, archaeobotanical, archaeoparasitological micromorphological (spherulites) and entomological studies, here we propose a possible function of the house.
Senieji Trakai – gamtinės aplinkos transformacijos
Authors: Kuncevičius Albinas , Merkytė Inga , Poškienė Justina , Prapiestienė Regina , Vengalis Rokas , Vėlius Gintautas , Volungevičius Jonas 
Published: May 2019

[full article and abstract in Lithuanian; abstract in English]
Extensive works of environmental transformations were carried out in the main administrative centers of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania during the 13th–14th c. These processes reveal the potential of the Gediminid ruling dynasty. Development processes in the 13th–14th c. Vilnius are being researched and give essentially new data on the genesis of the capital. Nevertheless, similar works, which were carried out in the other administrative centers of the State (the historical capitals Kernavė and Trakai) are not investigated. This article seeks to present the case of the Senieji (Old) Trakai Castle and its settlement regarding the scale, character and presumable chronology of environment transformations. It seeks to systemize the previously obtained data on Senieji Trakai as well as to present the results of geophysical research, small-scale archaeological excavations and soil analysis, which were obtained in 2018.
Lamatos piliakalniai kultūrinio kraštovaizdžio kaitos kontekste
Authors: Užgalis Mantas 
Published: May 2019

[full article and abstract in Lithuanian; abstract in English]
The subject of this study is Lamata land hillforts in the context of transformations of cultural landscape. Before starting examine the main topic of this article there will be short summary about controversies of formation and ethnical dependencies of the microregion between Šilutė–Priekulė–Švėkšna in western Lithuania which, according to some scholars, had been existing as an ethnocultural Lamata construct in the (end of 6th?) 7th–13th centuries. The main goal of the article is to examine the influence of the paleogeographical environment and fertile and non-fertile soils for an allocation and allocation changes of the Lamata hillforts in the 1st millenium and in the beginning of the 2nd millenium AD. Finally, there is examine the functional transformations of Lamata hillforts after 13th century – the period when hillforts in Lithuania territory ceased to be used as a defensive fortifications.
A Multicenter Comparison of Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) Discussions in Oncology Care: The Role of Time, Patient-Centeredness, and Practice Context
Authors: Tilburt Jon , Yost Kathleen J. , Lenz Heinz-Josef , Zúñiga María Luisa , O'Byrne Thomas , Branda Megan E. , Leppin Aaron L. , Kimball Brittany , Fernandez Cara , Jatoi Aminah , Barwise Amelia , Kumbamu Ashok , Montori Victor , Koenig Barbara A. , Geller Gail , Larson Susan , Roter Debra L. 
Published: May 2019

Abstract

Background
Little is known about how complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) is discussed in cancer care across varied settings in the U.S.

Methods
In two practices affiliated with one academic medical center in southern California (SoCal), and one in the upper Midwest (UM), we audio-recorded patient-clinician interactions in medical oncology outpatient practices. We counted the frequency and duration of CAM-related conversations. We coded recordings using the Roter Interaction Analysis System. We used chi-square tests for bivariate analysis of categorical variables and generalized linear models for continuous variables to examine associations between dialogue characteristics, practice setting, and population characteristics with the occurrence of CAM discussion in each setting followed by multivariate models adjusting for clinician clustering.

Results
Sixty-one clinicians and 529 patients participated. Sixty-two of 529 (12%) interactions included CAM discussions, with significantly more observed in the SoCal university practice than in the other settings. Visits that included CAM were on average 6 minutes longer, with CAM content lasting an average of 78 seconds. In bivariate tests of association, conversations containing CAM included more psychosocial statements from both clinicians and patients, higher patient-centeredness, more positive patient and clinician affect, and greater patient engagement. In a multivariable model including significant bivariate terms, conversations containing CAM were independently associated with higher patient-centeredness, slightly longer visits, and being at the SoCal university site.

Conclusion
The frequency of CAM-related discussion in oncology varied substantially across sites. Visits that included CAM discussion were longer and more patient centered.

Implications for Practice
The Institute of Medicine and the American Society of Clinical Oncology have called for more open discussions of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM). But little is known about the role population characteristics and care contexts may play in the frequency and nature of those discussions. The present data characterizing actual conversations in practice complements a much larger literature based on patient and clinician self-report about CAM disclosure and use. It was found that CAM discussions in academic oncology visits varied significantly by practice context, that the majority were initiated by the patient, and that they may occur more when visit time exists for lifestyle, self-care, and psychosocial concerns.