bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Languages and Epigraphies of Iron Age and Roman Gaul
Authors: Mullen Alex 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
To grasp the complexity of the languages and epigraphies of Gaul, this chapter takes an interdisciplinary and wide chronological perspective. The earliest epigraphic texts (sixth to second centuries bce) are in Greek, Iberian, Etruscan, and, later, Latin, and are relatively restricted in terms of spread, numbers, and functions. They nevertheless draw in some local communities and create the context for the adoption of the epichoric epigraphies. A reconstruction of the adoption and development of Gallo-Greek and Gallo-Latin underscores the importance of Mediterranean contacts, particularly with Italy, combined with local factors. The reflections of regionality and bilingualism, which become increasingly visible after the epigraphic boom beginning in the first century ce, reveal the complexity of cultural contacts and the persistence of local practices. We remodel the evidence for the obsolescence of Gaulish epigraphy and language, playing down the weight of the literary sources and playing up the evidence from Gallo-Latin epigraphy itself.
Writing Equipment and Latin Literacy in the Netherlands
Authors: Bruin Jasper de 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Although an inventory of Roman writing equipment found at excavations in the Batavian area was published in 2006, a more comprehensive inventory of the occurrence of this group of literacy-related objects on a larger scale has not yet been carried out. In this chapter, an attempt is made to compile some of the new evidence, sometimes newly excavated, but also that found in many existing archaeological archives in the Netherlands. Despite representing only the tip of the iceberg in terms of actual numbers of writing implements that were present in Roman times, the evidence indicates that even the most remote settlements in the Netherlands came in contact with Latin writing. The question remains whether this contact indeed stimulated the mastery of the Latin language and the associated writing capabilities.
Languages and Literacies in Roman Britain
Authors: Mullen Alex 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This chapter describes the languages, literacies, and identities across the variegated landscapes and communities of Britannia, using evidence and perspectives from multiple disciplines—primarily archaeological, historical, (socio)linguistic, and epigraphic. It begins with the advent of Latin and literacy, indicating in which Iron Age contexts these emerged, highlighting trade, immigration, diplomacy, and status as driving factors. Section 10.3 tackles the nature of Latinization, demonstrating regionality, and arguing that urban/rural divides are too simplistic. The story of regionality is continued through an exploration of the myriad Latins across time, place, and social groupings. Bilingualism was a factor in the creation of regional varieties, and the traces of its existence are discussed. Given that British Celtic still appears to have been widely spoken in some contexts at the end of Roman rule, consideration is finally given to the strikingly few possible examples of its written expression in the imperial period.
Intermezzo
Authors: Woolf Greg 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This collection describes, with an unprecedented level of chronological and regional precision, the processes through which Latin language and Roman writing practices were taken up and became dominant throughout the north-western provinces. By giving as much attention to mobile texts and writing equipment as to lapidary inscriptions, it invites us to contextualize these changes within the Roman Object Revolution, and to think of the collective agency of texts in motion. It is clearer than ever that the Latinization of the north-west came about through a variety of convergent routes and practices. It also sets the agenda for studies of parallel processes throughout the Empire.
Setting the Scene
Authors: Whitehouse Deja 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This chapter presents the social and cultural historical setting for the argument that Frieda Harris’s contribution in Aleister Crowley’s Book of Thoth far exceeded her perceived role as artist executant. Harris’s initial meeting with Crowley serves as a means to introduce their partnership and compare their societal backgrounds. Overviews of fin de si#x00E8;cle England, the British Occult Revival, Occult Tarot, and the specific involvement of women in esotericism are provided, with consideration to current commentary. Primary sources such as letters, diaries, transcripts of Crowley’s notes, etcetera, held in various archive collections, are identified, together with commentaries by Crowley’s and Harris’s contemporaries. Secondary sources are also discussed, and a book outline is provided.
Forensic Neuropsychological Foundations in Competency to Stand Trial Evaluations
Authors: Tussey Chriscelyn , Lacritz Megan , Arredondo Beth C , Marcopulos Bernice 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Neuropsychological assessment can play a vital role in competency to stand trial (CST) evaluations. This article provides an overview of the brain and behavior-based conditions that may impact an individual’s ability to participate in their legal proceedings, as well as the relevant legal parameters that guide these types of forensic mental health evaluations. Circumstances that may warrant the involvement of a neuropsychologist in these evaluations are reviewed. For example, neuropsychologists’ expertise with validity testing, as well as their specialized knowledge of cognition, is useful from the onset of the evaluation through the end, where involved parties often want to know about restoration interventions and feasibility. Select neuropsychological testing measures and cultural considerations are also addressed. The article concludes with illustrative case examples that demonstrate the real-world application of neuropsychological involvement in this specific forensic context. Given the expanding opportunities for neuropsychologists to assist triers of fact, this work contributes to the necessary and developing education base for neuropsychologists who wish to provide informed, effective, and culturally sensitive CST evaluations or related consultation to the legal system.
A Précis of the Art and Science of Expert Witness Testimony: a Tribute to the Work and Ideas of Karen Postal
Authors: Hebben Nancy , Leritz Elizabeth 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In this article, we present a summary of Dr. Karen Postal’s life’s work on communication in neuropsychological testimony. Her central thesis was that providing effective testimony as a neuropsychological expert requires one to step outside of the traditional academic communication style to which we are accustomed. In her books, The Art and Science of Expert Witness Testimony (2022) and Testimony that Sticks (2019), Karen Postal described foundational principles she called “disruptive shifts,” which she saw as the basis from which experts can develop credible and masterful testimony. These shifts begin with the fundamental and somewhat counterintuitive idea that the juror has the hardest job in the courtroom and it is our job as experts to create a direct, dynamic, and unique relationship with each juror. The article then focuses on ways to ensure jurors understand our testimony, including using good metaphors and analogies, showing visuals, avoiding jargon, and speaking in a way that conveys common sense. As Dr. Postal argued, following these principles will serve to establish, and ultimately bolster our credibility as experts with the people who have the most critical job in the courtroom. Finally, we discuss how these shifts can help us handle cross examination in a way that maintains the credibility we establish. The article concludes with a discussion of how mentorship, an incredibly important part of Dr. Postal’s work, is of utmost value when embarking in the field of forensic neuropsychology.
Neuropsychological Validity Assessment Beliefs and Practices: A Survey of North American Neuropsychologists and Validity Assessment Experts
Authors: Martin Phillip K , Schroeder Ryan W , Odland Anthony P 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Objective
The present study sought to identify changes in neuropsychological validity assessment beliefs and practices relative to surveys of North American neuropsychologists conducted in 2015 and 2016, obtain a more nuanced understanding of such beliefs and practices, and examine salient validity assessment topics not addressed by previous surveys.

Methods
Adult focused neuropsychologists (n = 445) and neuropsychological validity assessment experts (n = 16) were surveyed regarding their perceptions and practices related to the following topics: (i) importance of validity testing; (ii) multiple performance validity test (PVT) administration and interpretation; (iii) suspected causes of invalidity; (iv) reporting on malingering; (v) assessment of examinees of diverse language, culture, and nation of origin; (vi) terminology; and (vii) most frequently utilized validity measures.

Results
There was general agreement, if not consensus, across multiple survey topics. The vast majority of neuropsychologists and experts view validity testing as mandatory in clinical and forensic evaluations, administer multiple PVTs regardless of setting, believe validity assessment to be important in the evaluation of all individuals including older adults and culturally diverse individuals, and view evaluations with few to no validity tests interspersed throughout the evaluation as being of lesser quality. Divergent opinions were also seen among respondents and between neuropsychologists and experts on some topics, including likely causes of invalidity and assessment and formal communication of malingering.

Conclusions
Current results highlight the necessity of formal validity assessment within both clinical and forensic neuropsychological evaluations, and findings document current trends and reported practices within the field.
The mathematical exploration for the mechanism of lung adenocarcinoma formation and progression
Authors: Han Yourui , Chen Bolin , Bi Zhongwen , Bian Jun , Kang Ruiming , Shang Xuequn 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Lung adenocarcinoma, a prevalent subtype of lung cancer, represents one of the most lethal human malignancies. Despite substantial efforts to elucidate its biological underpinnings, the underlying mechanisms governing lung adenocarcinoma remain enigmatic. Modeling and comprehending the dynamics of gene regulatory networks are crucial for unraveling the fundamental mechanisms of lung adenocarcinoma. Conventionally, the cancer is modeled as an equilibrium process based on a time-invariant gene regulatory network to investigate stable cell states. However, the cancer is a nonequilibrium process and the gene regulatory network should be regarded as time-varying in actual. Therefore, a feasible framework was developed to explore the formation and progression of lung adenocarcinoma. On the one hand, to delve into the underlying mechanisms of lung adenocarcinoma formation, the time-invariant gene regulatory network for lung adenocarcinoma was initially undertaken, and the composition of stable cell states was elucidated based on landscape theory. Furthermore, the plasticity of different states was quantified using energy landscape decomposition theory by incorporating cell proliferation. And transition probabilities between different states were defined to elucidate the transition between stable cell states. Additionally, the global sensitivity analysis was performed and a total of three genes and three regulations were identified to be more critical for the formation lung adenocarcinoma, offering a novel strategy for designing network-based therapies for its treatment. On the other hand, the time-invariant gene regulatory network is extended as time-varying to delve into the underlying mechanisms of lung adenocarcinoma progression. The lung adenocarcinoma progression was characterized as four different disease stages based on the mixed states of cell population and the evolutionary direction. And the progressionary mechanism of transition between stages was expounded by evaluating their dynamical transport, with the dynamical transport cost between different stages quantified using Wasserstein metrics.
A metagene based similarity network fusion approach for multi-omics data integration identified novel subtypes in renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Jia Congcong , Wang Tong , Cui Dingtong , Tian Yaxin , Liu Gaiqin , Xu Zhaoyang , Luo Yanhong , Fang Ruiling , Yu Hongmei , Zhang Yanbo , Cui Yuehua , Cao Hongyan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) ranks among the most prevalent cancers worldwide, with both incidence and mortality rates increasing annually. The heterogeneity among RCC patients presents considerable challenges for developing universally effective treatment strategies, emphasizing the necessity of in-depth research into RCC’s molecular mechanisms, understanding the variations among RCC patients and further identifying distinct molecular subtypes for precise treatment. We proposed a metagene-based similarity network fusion (Meta-SNF) method for RCC subtype identification with multi-omics data, using a non-negative matrix factorization technique to capture alternative structures inherent in the dataset as metagenes. These latent metagenes were then integrated to construct a fused network under the Similarity Network Fusion (SNF) framework for more precise subtyping. We conducted simulation studies and analyzed real-world data from two RCC datasets, namely kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC) and kidney renal papillary cell carcinoma (KIRP) to demonstrate the utility of Meta-SNF. The simulation studies indicated that Meta-SNF achieved higher accuracy in subtype identification compared with the original SNF and other state-of-the-art methods. In analyses of real data, Meta-SNF produced more distinct and well-separated clusters, classifying both KIRC and KIRP into four subtypes with significant differences in survival outcomes. Subsequently, we performed comprehensive bioinformatics analyses focused on subtypes with poor prognoses in KIRC and KIRP and identified several potential biomarkers. Meta-SNF offers a novel strategy for subtype identification using multi-omics data, and its application to RCC datasets has yielded diverse biological insights which are highly valuable for informing clinical decision-making processes in the treatment of RCC.
CSPG4 involvement in endometrial decidualization contributes to the pathogenesis of preeclampsia
Authors: Zhang Tianying , Li Hua , Jiang Enhui , Zhang Liang , Liu Lisheng , Zhang Cong 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Preeclampsia (PE) is a condition of pregnancy in which symptoms of hypertension develop after 20 weeks of gestation. it can lead to placental dysfunction, maternal and perinatal mortality and morbidity. The incidence of PE is increasing, posing a serious threat to the lives of pregnant women and their unborn children. Currently, most of the research on the pathogenesis of PE has focused on placenta, However, maternal decidualization is the basis for placental formation and growth. Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan 4 (CSPG4) is a transmembrane protein that plays a role in cell proliferation, invasion, and migration. However, its function during decidualization is not yet understood. In this study, we investigated the role of CSPG4 and found that its expression was significantly down-regulated in the decidual tissue of patients with severe PE compared to normal pregnant women. During artificially induced decidualization, CSPG4 expression was significantly increased. Knockdown of CSPG4 by small interfering RNA inhibited decidualization, which, in turn, inhibited the invasion of trophoblast cells. In both pseudopregnant and pregnant mice, endometrial stromal cells proliferated rapidly and Cspg4 expression increased during decidualization. Therefore, we believe that CSPG4 plays a crucial role in the process of decidualization. The defect in decidualization caused by abnormal CSPG4 expression could lead to insufficient trophoblast invasion, ultimately contributing to the occurrence of PE.
MRI-based whole-brain elastography and volumetric measurements to predict brain age
Authors: Claros-Olivares Claudio Cesar , Clements Rebecca G , McIlvain Grace , Johnson Curtis L , Brockmeier Austin J 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Brain age, as a correlate of an individual’s chronological age obtained from structural and functional neuroimaging data, enables assessing developmental or neurodegenerative pathology relative to the overall population. Accurately inferring brain age from brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data requires imaging methods sensitive to tissue health and sophisticated statistical models to identify the underlying age-related brain changes. Magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) is a specialized MRI technique which has emerged as a reliable, non-invasive method to measure the brain’s mechanical properties, such as the viscoelastic shear stiffness and damping ratio. These mechanical properties have been shown to change across the life span, reflect neurodegenerative diseases, and are associated with individual differences in cognitive function. Here, we aim to develop a machine learning framework to accurately predict a healthy individual’s chronological age from maps of brain mechanical properties. This framework can later be applied to understand neurostructural deviations from normal in individuals with neurodevelopmental or neurodegenerative conditions. Using 3D convolutional networks as deep learning models and more traditional statistical models, we relate chronological age as a function of multiple modalities of whole-brain measurements: stiffness, damping ratio, and volume. Evaluations on held-out subjects show that combining stiffness and volume in a multimodal approach achieves the most accurate predictions. Interpretation of the different models highlights important regions that are distinct between the modalities. The results demonstrate the complementary value of MRE measurements in brain age models, which, in future studies, could improve model sensitivity to brain integrity differences in individuals with neuropathology.
Non-ketotic hyperglycaemia-induced hemichorea-hemiballism may represent glioma-like pattern on multimodal magnetic resonance imaging: can 1H spectroscopy help in the differentiation?
Authors: Lin Yu , Zhang Xiaoxiao , Yue Xin , Wang Jinan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Non-ketotic hyperglycaemia (NKH)-induced hemichorea-hemiballismus (HC-HB) is an infrequent reversible condition observed in individuals with poorly controlled diabetes. In this report, we present a case of NKH-induced HC-HB exhibiting distinctive morphological and functional alterations on conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), and 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), followed by subsequent monitoring. A 70-year-old male with a 20-year history of diabetes presented with severe unilateral involuntary movement. Computer tomography revealed heightened attenuation in the left putamen and caudate nucleus. The conventional MRI revealed the presence of focal T2-hyperintensity, noticeable mass effect, and ring-like enhancement, which are indicative of glioma. Additionally, the DWI showed unrestricted diffusion of water molecules within the lesion. MRS analysis further demonstrated significantly elevated lactate (Lac) and lipids (Lip), minimal increased choline (Cho), basically stable creatine (Cr), and modest decreased N-acetylaspartate (NAA) levels (which remained larger than both Cho and Cr peaks), leading to a diagnosis of NKH-induced HC-HB. This report emphasizes the significance of acknowledging that NKH-induced HC-HB can manifest with imaging features that bear resemblance to those of glioma. The presence of a slightly elevated Cho/NAA ratio alongside a notable increase in Lac/Lip peak on MRS may aid in ruling out neoplastic conditions.
Examining threat responses through a developmental lens
Authors: Casey B J , Lin Yen-Chu , Meyer Heidi C 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Adolescence has been characterized by risk taking and fearlessness. Yet, the emergence of anxiety disorders that are associated with fear peaks during this developmental period. Moreover, adolescents show heightened sensitivity to stress relative to children and adults. To address inconsistencies between the common characterization of adolescents as fearless and the evidence of heightened anxiety and stress during this time, we build upon foundational discoveries of threat-related circuitry and behavior in adult rodents by Joseph LeDoux and colleagues. Specifically, the conservation of this circuitry across species has provided opportunities for identifying mechanisms underlying threat responses that we have extended to developing humans and rodents. We elucidate situations in which adolescents show heightened threat responses and others where they appear fearless and link them to developmental changes of threat circuitry during this period. We discuss the potential adaptiveness of these threat responses for survival of the individual and species but also the potential risks for anxiety and stress. We end by offering potential new ways in which behavioral treatments for youth with anxiety and stress-related disorders may be optimized to target the developing vs developed brain.
Oxyamination of alkenes enabled by direct photoexcitation of fluorenone oxime derivatives
Authors: Tagata Asa , Sawamura Masaya , Shimizu Yohei 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Visible-light-induced oxyamination of alkenes was developed using fluorenone oxime carbonate as a photoactivatable agent. The nitrogen atom was selectively incorporated at the internal position, constructing a sterically congested α-tertiary amine moiety. The reaction proceeded without any photocatalyst and in the presence of various additives with different functional groups, highlighting the simplicity and robustness of the protocol. Moreover, the fluorenone oxime motif proved effective for visible-light-induced decarboxylative carboamination and diamination of alkenes.