bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A FEM‐DEM Coupling Analysis on Bearing Capacity of Sandy Soil Foundation Considering Fabric Anisotropy
Authors: Nie Jiayan , Mou Yi , Bu Jiantao , Zhu Mingyuan , Yang Tao , Xu Lin , Zheng Zidong , Wang Peng , Wu Zhijun 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTWith the acceleration of urbanization, the stability of the foundation is being more crucial to the performance and service of the superstructure. As our understanding of the factors influencing soil's physical and mechanical behavior deepens, it becomes increasingly challenging for traditional limit equilibrium and limit analysis methods to accurately consider the complex factors affecting foundation stability, such as initial fabric anisotropy caused by the particle morphology and geological deposition in sand. Although some scholars had used advanced constitutive models in the finite element method (FEM) to investigate the influence of initial fabric anisotropy on mechanical responses of foundations, this approach failed to reveal the microscopic information underlying the shear failure of sandy soil foundations. In this study, the influence of the initial fabric anisotropy of sandy soil on the ultimate bearing capacity and shear failure mode of shallow foundation is studied using the hierarchical FEM and discrete element method (DEM) coupling analysis method. Four representative volume elements (RVEs) with varying initial bedding plane angles are constructed in DEM for characterizing different initial fabric anisotropies, and the specific stress–strain information of DEM RVEs is directly passed into the corresponding Gauss points in FEM to replace the conventional constitutive model. Numerical results show that the initial fabric anisotropy affects the ultimate bearing capacity and shear failure mode of shallow foundations significantly, and the corresponding micromechanical behaviors at different local Gauss points have been explored, which advances our understanding of the micromechanisms underlying the progressive shear failure of sandy soil foundations significantly.
Effects of 3,4‐methylenedioxymethamphetamine on neural activity in the nucleus accumbens of male mice engaged in social behavior
Authors: Nishitani Naoya , Sasaki Yuki , Kaneda Katsuyuki 
Published: December 2024

Abstract3,4‐methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), a commonly abused recreational drug, induces prosocial effects such as increased sociability and empathy. The nucleus accumbens (NAc) has been suggested to play a crucial role in these MDMA‐mediated prosocial effects. However, the relationship between social behavior and NAc neural activity, and the effects of MDMA on this relationship, remain unknown. In this study, we measured NAc neural activity using fiber photometry and classified the behaviors of mice at times of transient increases in NAc neural activity during the social approach test (SAT). We found that NAc neural activity transiently increased at the onset of turning toward and sniffing novel mice during the SAT, although the frequency of turning was relatively low. We then examined the effects of MDMA on behavior and NAc neural activity and found that MDMA decreased the duration of sniffing per bout but did not alter NAc neural activity at the onset of turning toward or sniffing novel mice. These results suggest that MDMA does not affect the transient increase in NAc neural activity at the onset of social behaviors.
One‐dimensional forward and inversion of direct current resistivity arrays: Introducing differential and integral arrays
Authors: Ling Jiaxuan , Dai Shikun , Zhou Yinming , Qingrui Chen , Wei Shuliu 
Published: December 2024

AbstractTo enhance the vertical resolution of direct current resistivity method, this study introduces differential and integrating arrays and explains the basic principle and expression of apparent resistivity. Forward and inversion modelling in layered media was conducted to demonstrate the vertical resolution of these two arrays through several examples. The results indicate that the differential array has improved sensitivity and vertical resolution compared to other arrays for layered media structures. However, the integral and dipole–dipole arrays have the same resolution to the underground structures, which is inferior to the differential array.
Fe3O4‐doped highly electromagnetically shielded PAN‐PVP composite porous carbon films
Authors: Yang Renyuan , Liao Longfeng , Xu Yuhuan , Zhan Xiao , Zhang Daohai , Qin Shuhao , Liu Shan 
Published: December 2024

AbstractWith the wide application of modern electronic devices, the problem of electromagnetic pollution is becoming more and more serious, and the demand for efficient electromagnetic shielding materials is becoming more and more urgent. To address this problem, we homogeneously mixed polyacrylonitrile (PAN), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), and triiron tetraoxide (Fe3O4) nanoparticles by solution blending, and prepared composite precursor membranes by taking advantage of the magnetic properties and good electromagnetic loss characteristics of Fe3O4, as well as the high thermal stability and film‐forming properties of PAN and PVP. Subsequently, carbonized PAN‐PVP/ Fe3O4 composite films with different Fe3O4 contents were successfully prepared by carbonization under high temperature inert atmosphere to convert PAN and PVP into carbon materials. It was found that the PAN‐PVP/ Fe3O4 porous carbon film with 3 wt% Fe3O4 addition had a conductivity of 3.99 S·mm−1 at a thickness of 0.42 mm, and an average EMI SET of 78.9 dB, SEA of 64.8 dB, and SSEt of 1838 dB/(cm2·g−1) in the X‐band, which is a typical wave absorbing material and can meet commercial electromagnetic shielding requirements. This work provides new ideas and methods for the research and development of polymer‐based porous carbonized film as electromagnetic shielding materials.Highlights
The carbon films with rich porous structure were prepared.
Fe3O4 was successfully embedded into the carbon film.
Carbon films have an efficient conducting network.
Carbon film has excellent electromagnetic shielding performance.
The main shielding mode of carbon film is absorption.
Experimental simulation of friction and wear between carbon fiber tow and heddle eye under periodic tension during the 3D weaving process
Authors: Zhu Jionglin , Wu Ning , Liu Ce , Liu Suo , An Da , Chen Li 
Published: December 2024

AbstractWeaving is the predominant technology for fabricating carbon fiber composite preforms. Carbon fibers are subjected to various forms of reciprocating friction in the weaving process. Especially, the friction between carbon tow and heddle eyes is difficult to describe due to the complex conditions of variable tension. In this study, a novel experimental simulator was developed to characterize the friction behavior between warp yarn and heddle eye under periodic tension variation. The friction force (Ff) and coefficient of friction (COF) under variable tension conditions were tested. To investigate the variation of real contact area between carbon tow and heddle eyes under variable tension conditions, a silicon‐film indentation method was developed, and the effect of pre‐tension on carbon tow was obtained by combining three‐dimensional micro surface morphology and Hertz analysis methods. The results indicated that both the COF and Ff decreased with increasing pre‐tension. 3D morphology analysis suggested that the tow contact area reached its maximum when the pre‐tension was 1.2 N. In the Hertzian calculation of the actual contact area, the change of the contact area and the pre‐tension was generated by taking into account the evolving contact length, which differed from the measured friction force value by a constant factor.Highlights
A variable tension device was designed and developed.
The friction between carbon tow and heddle eye was simulated under variable tension.
The Ff and COF under different pre‐tensions were tested.
A silicon‐film indentation method was proposed.
The relationship between contact area and friction was studied.
Does Physicians' Clinical Competence, Communication Ability, or Cultural Background Influence Potentially Inappropriate Prescribing of Benzodiazepines and Z‐Drugs Among Older Adults With Insomnia?
Authors: Chan Fiona K. I. , Moraga Maria‐Teresa , Habib Bettina , Girard Nadyne , Boulet John R. , Tamblyn Robyn 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveThe objective of this study is to estimate the association between physician's age, sex, clinical and communication competencies, and cultural background on benzodiazepines and Z‐drugs (BDZ) prescribing to older adults with insomnia.MethodsA cohort of international medical graduates (IMGs) who completed their pre‐residency licensure exam in 1998–2004 were linked to all U.S. Medicare patients they provided care to in 2014–2015. Their care records in Parts A, B, and D from all physicians were extracted. The first outpatient visit for insomnia to a study IMG was identified for each patient in that period. The outcome was incident BDZ prescribing by the study physician following the visit. Main exposures were physician age, sex, citizenship at birth, and clinical and communication competency as measured on the licensure exam. The association between physician characteristics and BDZ prescribing, adjusting for physician and patient covariates, was estimated using generalized estimating equations multivariable logistic regression.ResultsWe analyzed 28 018 patients seen by 4069 unique physicians. IMGs born in all other regions of the world were less likely to prescribe BDZs compared to U.S.‐born IMGs, with physicians from the United Kingdom being least likely (OR 0.54 [95%CI 0.34–0.85]). Neither physician's clinical competency nor communication ability were associated with BDZ prescribing (OR per 10% increase, respectively: 0.95 [95%CI 0.88–1.02] and 0.98 [95%CI 0.93–1.04]). Older physicians remain more likely to prescribe BDZ (OR per 5‐year increase 1.04 [95%CI 1.00–1.08]).ConclusionsThe associations between cultural background and physician's age on BDZ prescribing highlight the potential targets for remedial solutions to reduce the use of potentially inappropriate medications.
Facilitating CO2–CH4 Reforming Into Syngas and Useful Chemicals by Water‐Cooled Dielectric Barrier Discharge Plasma: Effect of Discharge Power, Gas Mixing, and Mechanism Insight
Authors: Chang Tian , Chang Xuanchen , Labidi Abdelkader , Ma Chuanlong , Zhao Zuotong , Jiang Zerong , Yang Zhao , Sun Hongfang , Wang Yuqin , Wang Chuanyi 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTCO2 reforming of CH4 to syngas (H2 and CO) has emerged as one of the attractive options for mitigating carbon emissions. Here, a water‐cooled dielectric barrier discharge plasma reactor has been constructed for CO2–CH4 reforming to produce syngas and value‐added chemicals. The effects of the main parameters (i.e., discharge power, CH4/CO2 molar ratio, and gas flow rate) on CO2–CH4 reforming were investigated. The highest conversion rate of CH4 and CO2 was found to be 40.57% and 27.15%, respectively, with CO and H2 selectivity of 56.07% and 43.71%, respectively. The total energy efficiency achieved was 0.28 mmol/kJ. C2H6 was found to be the main hydrocarbon product. Lastly, the mechanism of CO2–CH4 reforming was proposed in terms of the active species and products.
SOPRANO: Macitentan in patients with pulmonary hypertension following left ventricular assist device implantation
Authors: Frantz Robert P. , Desai Shashank S. , Ewald Gregory , Franco Veronica , Hage Antoine , Horn Evelyn M. , LaRue Shane J. , Mathier Michael A. , Mandras Stacy , Park Myung H. , Ravichandran Ashwin K. , Schilling Joel D. , Wang I‐wen , Zolty Ronald , Rendon Gabriela Gomez , Rocco Mark A. , Selej Mona , Zhao Carol , Rame J. Eduardo 
Published: December 2024

AbstractMacitentan is a dual endothelin receptor antagonist (ERA) approved for treating pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). SOPRANO evaluated the efficacy and safety of macitentan versus placebo in pulmonary hypertension (PH) patients after left ventricular assist device (LVAD) implantation. SOPRANO was a phase 2, multicenter, double‐blind, randomized, placebo‐controlled, parallel‐group study. Patients with an LVAD implanted within the prior 90 days who had persistent PH (i.e., mean pulmonary arterial pressure ≥25 mmHg, pulmonary artery wedge pressure [PAWP] ≤18 mmHg, and pulmonary vascular resistance [PVR] >3 Wood units [WU]) were randomized (1:1) to macitentan 10 mg or placebo once daily for 12 weeks. The primary endpoint was change in PVR. Secondary endpoints included change in right‐heart catheterization hemodynamic variables, N‐terminal prohormone of brain natriuretic peptide levels, World Health Organization functional class, and safety/tolerability. Fifty‐seven patients were randomized to macitentan (n = 28) or placebo (n = 29). A statistically significant reduction in PVR from baseline to Week 12 was observed with macitentan versus placebo (placebo‐corrected geometric mean ratio, 0.74; 95% confidence interval, 0.58–0.94; p = .0158). No statistically significant differences were observed in secondary endpoints. In a post‐hoc analysis, 66.7% of patients receiving macitentan achieved PVR <3 WU versus 40.0% receiving placebo (p = .0383). Macitentan was generally well tolerated; adverse events were consistent with those in previous PAH studies with macitentan. In conclusion, macitentan showed promising tolerability and significantly reduced PVR in PH patients with persistently elevated PVR after LVAD implantation. ClinicalTrials. gov identifier: NCT02554903.
THBS1 mediates hypoxia driven EndMT in pulmonary hypertension
Authors: Peng Bingming , Zhou Yingzhen , Fu Xingmeng , Chen Li , Pan Zhengxia , Yi Qijian , Zhao Tengteng , Fu Zhou , Wang Ting 
Published: December 2024

AbstractLong‐term hypoxia is one of the main causes of pulmonary vascular remodeling in pulmonary hypertension (PH) associated with congenital heart disease (CHD) children. Endothelial to mesenchymal transition (EndMT) is an important pathological basis of pulmonary vascular remodeling in PH. We observed that Fibronectin 1 (FN1) had strong protein–protein interactions with both Thrombospondin 1 (THBS1) and Transglutaminase 2 (TGM2) in PH with venous peripheral bloods samples from pediatric patients and healthy children. LungMAP CellCards and heatmaps of human PAEC in PH patients and lung tissues in hypoxia induced PH mice model were used to show that THBS1 and FN1 were significantly elevated. We studied the relationship between THBS1 and FN1 in vivo, by using SUHX‐induced PH mice model, and in vitro, by using hypoxia‐induced human PAEC. The results showed that hypoxia could result in EndMT and inhibiting THBS1 could reverse EndMT in vivo and in vitro, verifying our transcriptome results. Taken together, our research demonstrated that THBS1 could mediate hypoxia driven EndMT of PH, providing a new insight of research in the pathophysiology of PH.
Helmholtz preconditioning for the compressible Euler equations using mixed finite elements with Lorenz staggering
Authors: Lee David , Martín Alberto F. , Ricardo Kieran 
Published: December 2024

AbstractImplicit solvers for atmospheric models are often accelerated via the solution of a preconditioned system. For block preconditioners, this typically involves the factorisation of the (approximate) Jacobian resulting from linearization of the coupled system into a Helmholtz equation for some function of the pressure. Here we present a preconditioner for the compressible Euler equations with a flux‐form representation of the potential temperature on the Lorenz grid using mixed finite elements. This formulation allows for spatial discretisations that conserve both energy and potential temperature variance. By introducing the dry thermodynamic entropy as an auxiliary variable for the solution of the algebraic system, the resulting preconditioner is shown to have a similar block structure to an existing preconditioner for the material‐form transport of potential temperature on the Charney–Phillips grid. This new formulation is also shown to be more efficient and stable than both the material‐form transport of potential temperature on the Charney–Phillips grid and a previous Helmholtz preconditioner for the flux‐form transport of density‐weighted potential temperature on the Lorenz grid for a 1D thermal bubble configuration. The new preconditioner is verified further against standard two‐dimensional test cases in a vertical slice geometry.
Antiphospholipid syndrome followed idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis in the same patient: A case report and review of literature
Authors: Ho Wanki , Li Weihao , Nie Wenchang , Zhou Yunshan , Li Chun , Gan Yuzhou , Ye Hua 
Published: December 2024

AbstractIntroductionIdiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis (IRPF) is a rare fibro‐inflammatory disease characterized by fibrous sclerosis of the retroperitoneal area and may be accompanied by other autoimmune diseases. Herein, we report an unusual case of IRPF with compression of retroperitoneal vessels, then diagnosed with antiphospholipid syndrome (APS), evidenced by multiple venous thrombosis and persistent positivity of antiphospholipid antibodies (aPLs). Along with literature reviews, we highlighted the importance of screening for all possible causes in case of thrombosis secondary to IRPF.Case DescriptionA 46‐year‐old male patient was admitted in 2010 due to hypogastralgia and low back pain. The initial laboratory findings showed elevated inflammatory indicators, but negative results of immunology screening. Abdominal computed tomography (CT) revealed diffuse soft tissue in the retroperitoneal area. IRPF was first diagnosed and initially treated with glucocorticoids and immunosuppressants. Along the process of tapering the drugs, IRPF relapsed again. Reexamination of CT scan showed newly developed thrombus in the retroperitoneal vessels. APLs were evaluated and persistently positive with the interval of six months. The diagnosis of APS was confirmed. Glucocorticoids and immunosuppressants were prescribed again accompanied with warfarin. During 17‐month follow‐up periods, there was no relapse of symptoms again.ConclusionWhen IRPF is accompanied by venous thrombosis, in addition to blood flow stasis due to venous compression, other potential causes of thrombophilia should also be considered.
Questions and Answers: Investigating the Role of Student Talk Moves in Persuasive Writing
Authors: Al‐Adeimi Shireen 
Published: December 2024

AbstractWhile the merits of dialogic talk for supporting students' learning is well documented, the contribution of specific talk moves on learning outcomes remains less understood. This study was conducted to investigate how student‐generated talk moves during whole‐classroom discussions, as captured by the Low‐Inference Discourse Observation tool, predict subsequent written persuasive essays on the same topic. In this study, 471 written persuasive essays from students in grades 4 through 7, as well as classroom‐level discussion features from 42 classrooms are analyzed using a Cumulative Link Mixed Model to account for the ordinal nature of the essay scores and the hierarchical data structure. Findings highlight the infrequency of peer‐to‐peer interactions, a highly dialogic talk move that was absent in most classroom discussions analyzed. Additionally, controlling for teacher talk moves, topic variations, and student demographics, the analysis revealed that student‐generated questions positively predicted persuasive essay scores, whereas minimal responses had a negative effect. These findings underscore the significance of student contributions to dialogic interactions in classroom discussions, providing empirical evidence for their role in supporting argumentative writing skills.
Halogenated Anils of Sulfanilamide: Structural, Hirshfeld, and Optical Studies
Authors: Ahangar Aadil A. , Malik Asif A. , Ahmad Shamim , Dar Aijaz A. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractChemistry of functional organic materials is interesting in terms of design and applications. Halogen functionalization of organic molecules is intriguing as besides affecting the intramolecular electronic properties, their presence triggers intermolecular halogen bonds, affecting both packing and bulk properties. We report the rationally substituted halogenated anils of sulfanilamide 1–3 to understand the influence of halogens on molecular packing and bulk properties. The products 1 and 2 exhibit thermal stability beyond 300 ⁰C, whereas 3 undergoes early weight loss, indicating the presence of lattice solvent. The phase purity of the products has been confirmed with powder X‐ray analyses. Products have been further characterized through single‐crystal diffraction studies to understand crystal packing with further support from Hirshfeld studies. X⋯O interactions are predominant interactions and significant interhalogen X⋯X interactions are observed only in 2. The products are feebly emissive in solid‐state. Interestingly, 2 and 3 in thin film forms undergo emission quenching, whereas 1 exhibits augmented emission. AIE active anil 1 has been used for the sensing of explosive aromatic compound like picric acid.
Development of Novel Hydroxy Amide‐Based HDAC1 Inhibitors: Integrated Pharmacophore Modelling, 3D‐QSAR, and Virtual Screening Studies
Authors: Saha Moumita , Gupta Shankar , Gupta Ashutosh , Patel Rajiv , Rajora Aditya Dev , Almehizia Abdulrahman A. , Pathan Hero Khan , Asati Vivek 
Published: December 2024

AbstractHistone deacetylases (HDAC) are well‐established epigenetic targets for cancer therapy, with several HDAC inhibitors already approved for clinical use. Despite their potential, the clinical application of HDAC inhibitors, particularly HDAC1‐selective compounds, faces significant challenges. These include poor pharmacokinetics, limited bioavailability, and a lack of selectivity, which often necessitates to combine these inhibitors with other drugs for improved efficacy. Their limitations as standalone therapies emphasize the urgent need for further research and development. In this study, the dataset of 71 compounds were used to generate various pharmacophore models, among them DDRRR_1 was generated as the best pharmacophore model with a survival score of 6.148. The 3D‐QSAR data of theses compound showed a significant result with the values of R2 = 0.95 and Q2 = 0.87 in the atom‐based model and R2 = 0.901 and Q2 = 0.77 in the field‐based model. R‐group enumeration study generated novel 6426 compounds which was further screened through virtual screening study. The top‐scoring compound was M1 with the highest docking score (−8.804 kcal/mol) where hydroxy amide is important for interaction with HDAC1 protein. The ADME analysis demonstrated the compound's drug‐like characteristics. Overall, all hit compounds showed pharmacokinetic characteristics found within the range that is considered safe for human usage. This study findings have the potential to be applied further in the development of HDAC1 inhibitors for the treatment of gastric cancer.