bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analyse des Tragverhaltens eines Deckensystems infolge eines Naturbrandszenarios für den Deckenhohlraum
Authors: Schaumann Peter , Meyer Patrick , Mensinger Martin , Koh Suet Kwan 
Published: September 2018

AbstractDie brandschutztechnischen Regelungen fordern zusätzlich zum üblichen Feuerwiderstand an ein Deckensystem in Verbundbauweise für die stählerne Tragkonstruktion der Fußbodentragschicht im Deckenhohlraum die Feuerwiderstandsklasse R30. Um diese Feuerwiderstandsklasse zu erreichen, sind bisher Brandschutzmaßnahmen für die Stahlquerschnitte erforderlich. Solche Brandschutzmaßnahmen erschweren die Wettbewerbsfähigkeit von Deckensystemen in Verbundbauweise. Fraglich ist, ob die vorhandenen Brandlasten im Deckenhohlraum und die Ventilationsverhältnisse überhaupt ein Brandszenario ermöglichen, das mit der Temperaturentwicklung der Einheits‐Temperaturzeitkurve vergleichbar ist. Diese Frage war ein zentrales Thema des Forschungsprojekts P1139. Im Ergebnis wurde ein Naturbrandszenario für den Hohlraum von Deckensystemen entwickelt, welches auf realen Brandlasten und Ventilationsbedingungen basiert. Unter Verwendung dieses Naturbrandszenarios wurden zwei Großbrandversuche mit einem innovativen vorgespannten Verbunddeckensystem durchgeführt, um den Einfluss auf das Tragverhalten bei einer Brandbeanspruchung im Hohlraum des Deckensystems beurteilen zu können.In diesem Beitrag werden die experimentellen und numerischen Untersuchungen zum Erwärmungs‐ und Tragverhalten des Deckensystems infolge des Naturbrandszenarios für den Hohlraum beschrieben. Zusätzlich zu den experimentellen Untersuchungen wird ein numerisches 3‐D‐Modell in Abaqus erstellt, das mit den Versuchsdaten validiert wird und mit dessen Hilfe die Systemtragwirkung des Deckensystems vertiefend untersucht wird.
Zur Einschätzung der Duktilität von Holztafeln
Authors: Kessel Martin , Anheier David , Sieder Mike 
Published: September 2018

AbstractDie Modellierung von Holztafelkonstruktionen erfolgt heutzutage üblicherweise mit der Schubfeldträgermethode. Die Anwendung der Schubfeldträgermethode auf Wandtafeln führt dazu, dass bei der Modellbildung nur Konstruktionen oder Bereiche von Konstruktionen berücksichtigt werden, die als ideale Schubfelder ausgebildet sind.Für Holztafeln ist geläufig, dass sich diese bei scheibenartiger Beanspruchung sehr duktil verhalten, da sie aufgrund des ausgeprägt nichtlinearen Verhaltens des Verbunds von Rippe und Beplankung große Verformungen ertragen können, bevor sie versagen.In diesem Beitrag wird über Untersuchungen zur Einschätzung der genannten Duktilität berichtet. Im Wesentlichen werden die Unterschiede im Last‐Verformungsverhalten unterschiedlicher Tafelkonfigurationen mithilfe des FE‐Modells von Hall herausgearbeitet.Der Beitrag zeigt, dass eine ausgeprägte Duktilität nur dann vorhanden ist, wenn es Beanspruchungen senkrecht zu den Plattenrändern gibt. Bei Konstruktionen mit idealen Schubfeldern treten bei ideal‐elastisch‐plastischem Materialverhalten lediglich nahezu konstante Beanspruchungen des Verbunds parallel der Plattenränder auf, sodass sich nur geringe plastische Reserven ergeben. Bei Konstruktionen mit freien Plattenrändern treten hingegen zusätzlich Beanspruchungen des Verbunds senkrecht zu den Plattenrändern auf, die gegenüber dem elastischen Grenzzustand wesentliche plastische Reserven ergeben. Derartige Tafeln verhalten sich daher sehr duktil.
Mortality factors in infants with congenital diaphragmatic hernia: A systematic review
Authors: Vieira Rute , Pearse Rachel , Rankin Judith 
Published: September 2018

BackgroundCongenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is a malformation of the diaphragm accounting for 8% of all major congenital anomalies. Although many clinical factors of survival in children with CDH have been established, limited research exists on the role of sociodemographic and other factors. We aimed to systematically identify and summarize all available international literature, published from January 2000 to July 2017, evaluating specific mortality factors for children with prenatally diagnosed, isolated, left‐sided CDH.MethodsMEDLINE, PROSPERO, EMBASE, Scopus, The Cochrane Library databases, and the table of contents for the past 5 years for relevant journals were searched systematically. The risk factors of interest were as follows: birth weight, gestational age (GA) at diagnosis, GA at birth, infant sex, maternal age, ethnicity, socioeconomic status (SES), and plurality. The primary outcome measure was survival. Data were extracted on study design, study quality, participant data, and survival‐related effect estimates.ResultsSeven studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria. In total, 347 children were included in the review. Birth weight, GA at diagnosis, and GA at birth were evaluated in five studies each, infant sex in two, and maternal age in one. None of these factors were significantly associated with survival. No studies evaluated the influence of plurality, ethnicity or SES.ConclusionAlthough the factors of interest showed no significant association with survival, more evidence is required to confirm these findings. Understanding whether sociodemographic factors are associated with survival may help inform the development of public health interventions to improve survival rates for children with CDH.
Reaktionsharzgebundene Verbunddübel unter Dauerlast
Authors: Kränkel Thomas , Gehlen Christoph 
Published: September 2018

AbstractEs wird ein rheologisches Modell zur Prognose des Kriechverhaltens von Verbunddübeln vorgestellt. Dieses basiert auf dem Burgers‐Modell, welches modifiziert wurde, um das nichtlinear viskoelastische Deformationsverhalten reaktionsharzgebundener Verbunddübel voraussagen zu können. Das Modell ist in der Lage, neben dem Bereich der Dauerstandfestigkeit auch den Zeitpunkt des Dauerstandversagens zu prognostizieren. Alle Modelleingangsparameter können durch Auszug‐, Kurzzeitkriech‐ und Degradationsversuche am Verbunddübel selbst ermittelt werden, sodass das Modell in der Praxis, z. B. für die Tragfähigkeits‐ oder Lebensdauerbemessung, angewendet werden kann. Es wird dargestellt, wie diese Modelleingangsparameter bestimmt werden können. Durch eine vergleichende Darstellung der Modellprognosen mit dem experimentell bestimmten Dauerstandverhalten wird dargestellt, wie präzise das rheologische Modell das Deformationsverhalten der Verbunddübel in Abhängigkeit von der Belastungsintensität bis in den Bereich des Dauerstandversagens prognostiziert.
Großversuche zur Querkrafttragfähigkeit bestehender Spannbetonbrücken an der Saalebrücke Hammelburg
Authors: Gehrlein Sebastian , Fischer Oliver 
Published: September 2018

AbstractAufgrund des zunehmenden Alters des Brückenbestands, steigender Verkehrslasten und veränderter normativer Grundlagen und Bemessungsvorschriften ist die Querkrafttragfähigkeit bestehender Spannbetonbrücken mit geringer Querkraftbewehrung seit Längerem Gegenstand verschiedener Forschungen. Der Lehrstuhl für Massivbau der Technischen Universität München (TUM) konnte im Rahmen eines vom Bundesministerium für Verkehr und digitale Infrastruktur (BMVI) geförderten Forschungsvorhabens im Jahr 2017 einzigartige in‐situ Querkraftversuche an der 1955 erbauten Saalebrücke Hammelburg durchführen. Speziell bei den vor 1966 erbauten Betonbrücken treten bei systematischen Nachrechnungen hinsichtlich der Querkrafttragfähigkeit in Längsrichtung meist große rechnerische Defizite auf, die oftmals am realen Bauwerk nicht bestätigt werden können. Ziel dieser zerstörenden Untersuchungen an der zum Rückbau vorgesehenen Brücke war es deshalb, das Verhalten von realen Spannbetonbrücken unter Querkraftbeanspruchungen zu untersuchen, um einen Beitrag zu einer wirklichkeitsnäheren Bemessung von älteren Bestandsbrücken zu liefern. In Teil 1 zu den Großversuchen wurden die untersuchte Bestandsbrücke sowie die Konzeption und Durchführung der in‐situ Versuche und die verwendete Messtechnik beschrieben. Im vorliegenden zweiten Teil werden das Messprogramm und die Ergebnisse der experimentellen Untersuchungen dargestellt. Weiterhin werden die Messdaten und die beobachteten Trag‐ und Versagensmechanismen diskutiert und die erreichten maximalen Versuchslasten mit den Ergebnissen verschiedener theoretischer Berechnungsansätze verglichen.
Reverse transduction can improve efficiency of AAV vectors in transduction‐resistant cells
Authors: Lee Esther J. , Robinson Tawana M. , Tabor Jeffrey J. , Mikos Antonios G. , Suh Junghae 
Published: September 2018

AbstractReverse transduction, also known as substrate‐mediated gene delivery, is a strategy in which viral vectors are first coated onto a surface that subsequently comes into contact with mammalian cells. The cells internalize the surface‐attached vectors, resulting in transgene expression. We hypothesized that forcing the interaction between cells and adeno‐associated virus (AAV) vectors through a reverse transduction format would increase in vitro gene delivery efficiencies of the vectors in transduction‐resistant cells. We tested this hypothesis by comparing the gene delivery efficiencies of three AAV serotypes using either standard or reverse transduction approaches. Our study reveals reverse transduction of AAV7 and AAV9 can significantly improve their delivery efficiencies. In contrast, AAV2 does not perform better under the reverse transduction format. Interestingly, increased vector uptake by cells does not provide a complete explanation for the increased transduction efficiency. Our findings offer a simple and practical method for improving transduction outcomes in vitro in cell types less permissive to a particular AAV vector.
Dynamic mass spectrometry probe for electrospray ionization mass spectrometry monitoring of bioreactors for therapeutic cell manufacturing
Authors: Chilmonczyk Mason A. , Kottke Peter A. , Stevens Hazel Y. , Guldberg Robert E. , Fedorov Andrei G. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractLarge‐scale manufacturing of therapeutic cells requires bioreactor technologies with online feedback control enabled by monitoring of secreted biomolecular critical quality attributes (CQAs). Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI‐MS) is a highly sensitive label‐free method to detect and identify biomolecules, but requires extensive sample preparation before analysis, making online application of ESI‐MS challenging. We present a microfabricated, monolithically integrated device capable of continuous sample collection, treatment, and direct infusion for ESI‐MS detection of biomolecules in high‐salt solutions. The dynamic mass spectrometry probe (DMSP) uses a microfluidic mass exchanger to rapidly condition samples for online MS analysis by removing interfering salts, while concurrently introducing MS signal enhancers to the sample for sensitive biomolecular detection. Exploiting this active conditioning capability increases MS signal intensity and signal‐to‐noise ratio. As a result, sensitivity for low‐concentration biomolecules is significantly improved, and multiple proteins can be detected from chemically complex samples. Thus, the DMSP has significant potential to serve as an enabling portion of a novel analytical tool for discovery and monitoring of CQAs relevant to therapeutic cell manufacturing.
Fed‐batch production of l‐tryptophan from glycerol using recombinant Escherichia coli
Authors: Tröndle Julia , Trachtmann Natalia , Sprenger Georg A. , Weuster‐Botz Dirk 
Published: September 2018

Abstractl‐tryptophan is an essential amino acid of high industrial interest that is routinely produced by microbial processes from glucose as carbon source. Glycerol is an alternative substrate providing a variety of economic and metabolic advantages. Process performance of the recombinant
l‐tryptophan producer
Escherichia coli NT367 was studied in controlled fed‐batch processes. The chromosome of the recombinant
l‐tryptophan producer was equipped with additional genes coding for enzymes of the aromatic amino acids biosynthetic pathway and
l‐serine biosynthesis, including genes for feedback‐resistant enzyme variants (
trpE
fbr,
aroFBL, and
serA
fbr
), deletions of enzymatic steps for the degradation of precursors or the product
l‐tryptophan (
sdaB and
tnaA), and alterations in the regulation of
l‐tryptophan metabolism (deletion of
trpL and
trpR). The impact of glycerol supply rates as well as the application of a multicopy plasmid (pF112‐
aroFBL
‐kan) were investigated in fully controlled stirred‐tank bioreactors on a 15 L scale. The combination of
E. coli NT367 carrying pF112‐
aroFBL
‐kan and an appropriate biomass‐specific glycerol supply‐rate resulted in the highest final product concentration of 12.5 g L
−1
l‐tryptophan with the lowest concentrations of other aromatic amino acids. Fed‐batch production of
l‐tryptophan from glycerol was shown for the first time with recombinant
E. coli.
Pd Nanoparticles‐Polyethylenemine‐Lipase Bionanohybrids as Heterogeneous Catalysts for Selective Oxidation of Aromatic Alcohols
Authors: O'Brien Pearse , Lopez‐Tejedor David , Benavente Rocio , Palomo Jose M. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractA new kind of bionanohybrids, synthesized by using 63 kDa‐lipase from Candida rugosa (CRL) in the presence of polyethyleneimine (PEI) by in situ formation of Pd (0) nanoparticles (PdNPs) in aqueous media at room temperature were obtained. Addition of Triton X‐100 as additive was also used. XRD confirmed the formation of crystalline Pd (0) as metal species. TEM analyses revealed PdNPs ranging from 6 to 8 nm, whereas using Triton X‐100 the size range of the nanoparticles was 9 to 24 nm (mainly being 13 nm). PdNPs of biohybrid created only with Triton X‐100 ranged from 8 to 21 nm. The different heterogeneous nanobiohybrids were applied as catalyst in the oxidation of benzyl alcohol under mild conditions. In all cases, they were selective to the synthesis of alcohol to benzaldehyde without traces of carboxylic acid. More than >99 % conversion was obtained in THF at 50 °C under air as oxidant. The addition of hydrogen peroxide improved the conversion initially but the reaction was stopped at around 50–68 % conversion after 24 h in the best of cases. These new nanocatalysts synthesized using PEI showed a very high recyclability, maintaining >95 % activity after 5 cycles of use. Also successful results were obtained in the oxidation of other aromatic primary and secondary alcohols. The new PEI‐nanobiohybrids conserved the enzymatic activity and showed excellent results in metallic‐enzymatic domino reaction.
Reversible Photocontrol of DNA Melting by Visible‐Light‐Responsive F4‐Coordinated Azobenzene Compounds
Authors: Dudek Marta , Deiana Marco , Pokladek Ziemowit , Pawlik Krzysztof , Matczyszyn Katarzyna 
Published: September 2018

AbstractSpatiotemporal control over the regulation of intra‐ and intermolecular motions in naturally occurring systems is systematically studied to expand the toolbox of mechanical operations in multicomponent nanoarchitectures. DNA is ideally suited for programming light‐powered processes that are based on a minimalist molecular design. Here, the noncovalent incorporation of bistable photoswitches into B‐like DNA moieties is shown to trigger the thermal transition midpoint of the duplexes by converting visible light into directed mechanical work by orchestrating the collective actions of the photoresponsive chromophores and the host DNA nanostructures. Besides its practical applications, the resulting hybrid nanosystem bears unique features of modulability, biocompatibility, reversibility, and addressability, which are key components for developing molecular photon‐controlled programmed materials.
Earth‐Abundant Transition‐Metal‐Based Electrocatalysts for Water Electrolysis to Produce Renewable Hydrogen
Authors: Li Ailong , Sun Yimeng , Yao Tingting , Han Hongxian 
Published: September 2018

AbstractFundamentals of water electrolysis, and recent research progress and trends in the development of earth‐abundant first‐row transition‐metal (Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu)‐based oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and hydrogen evolution (HER) electrocatalysts working in acidic, alkaline, or neutral conditions are reviewed. The HER catalysts include mainly metal chalcogenides, metal phosphides, metal nitrides, and metal carbides. As for the OER catalysts, the basic principles of the OER catalysts in alkaline, acidic, and neutral media are introduced, followed by the review and discussion of the Ni, Co, Fe, Mn, and perovskite‐type OER catalysts developed so far. The different design principles of the OER catalysts in photoelectrocatalysis and photocatalysis systems are also presented. Finally, the future research directions of electrocatalysts for water splitting, and coupling of photovoltaic (PV) panel with a water electrolyzer, so called PV‐E, are given as perspectives.
Carbohydrates and Charges on Oligo(phenylenethynylenes): Towards the Design of Cancer Bullets
Authors: Mancuso Aurora , Barattucci Anna , Bonaccorsi Paola , Giannetto Antonino , La Ganga Giuseppina , Musarra‐Pizzo Maria , Salerno Tania M. G. , Santoro Antonio , Sciortino Maria Teresa , Puntoriero Fausto , Di Pietro Maria Letizia 
Published: September 2018

AbstractTwo new tetralkylammonium‐OPEs, bearing one or two positively charged groups directly linked to the aromatic residues and two β‐d‐glucopyranose terminations, were synthesized. Their peculiar structural features, joining the biologically relevant sugar moieties, flat aromatic cores and positive charges, make these luminescent dyes soluble in aqueous media and able to strongly interact with DNA. As a result of UV/Vis spectral variations, DNA melting temperature measures, viscometric titrations and induced CD, we propose a partial insertion of the OPEs aromatic core into the helix, stabilized by glucose H‐bonding with the groups accessible from the grooves. This interaction leads to the quenching of the OPE luminescence due to guanine reduction. The biocompatibility of the monocationic OPE with healthy and cancer cells, and the reduction of proliferation in HEp‐2 cancer cells induced by the dicationic one, make this class of compounds promising for future biological applications.
Aqueous Assembly of Zwitterionic Daisy Chains
Authors: Aeschi Yves , Drayss‐Orth Sylvie , Valášek Michal , Häussinger Daniel , Mayor Marcel 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe synthesis and characterization of zwitterionic molecular [c2]‐ and [a2]‐daisy chains are described, relying on recognition of a positively charged cyclophane and a negatively charged oligo(phenylene‐ethynylene) (OPE) rod in aqueous medium. For this purpose, syntheses of an acetylene‐functionalized macrocyclic receptor and a water‐soluble OPE‐rod as the guest component are presented, from which a heteroditopic daisy chain monomer was prepared. This monomer aggregated strongly in water/methanol 4:1 and formed molecular daisy chains, which were isolated as interlocked species from a stoppering reaction at 1 mm concentration. The cyclic dimer [c2] was the main product with an isolated yield of 30 % and consisted of a mixture of diastereomers, as evidenced by 1H NMR spectroscopy.
Properties Design: Prediction and Experimental Validation of the Luminescence Properties of a New EuII‐Based Phosphor
Authors: García‐Fuente Amador , Baur Florian , Cimpoesu Fanica , Vega Andrés , Jüstel Thomas , Urland Werner 
Published: September 2018

AbstractA theoretical model that allows to predict, for the first time, the luminescence properties of a new phosphor (BaSnSi3O9:Eu2+) is presented. The predicted emission wavelength, 488 nm with a 64 nm bandwidth, was confirmed by subsequent experimental work. The method consists in a multi‐electron Hamiltonian parametrized from ab initio calculations. The luminescence properties of other similar compounds (i.e., BaHfSi3O9:Eu2+ and BaZrSi3O9:Eu2+), for which there is already experimental information, were also correctly reproduced.
Molecular genetic alterations in thyroid transcription factor 1–negative lung adenocarcinoma in cytology specimens: A subset with aggressive behavior and a poor prognosis
Authors: Rodriguez Erika F. , VandenBussche Christopher J. , Chowsilpa Sayanan , Maleki Zahra 
Published: September 2018

BACKGROUNDPatients with thyroid transcription factor 1 (TTF1)–negative pulmonary adenocarcinoma (ADC) have been reported to have a worse prognosis and to lack epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations. This study describes a series of cytology specimens from patients with clinically confirmed pulmonary carcinoma negative for TTF1.METHODSA search for TTF1‐negative ADC from 2010 to 2017 was performed. Each patient’s clinical history, pathology specimens, and molecular results were noted. Two hundred ten patients with TTF1‐positive pulmonary ADC formed the control group.RESULTSFifty specimens were identified from 50 patients (26 females and 24 males). The median age was 58.5 years. The smoking history was as follows: 38 smokers/former smokers (76%), 10 nonsmokers (20%), and 2 patients with an unknown status (4%). Thirty‐nine patients (78%) had no previous history of malignancy. The clinical stages were as follows: stage I or II (n = 2 [4%]), stage III (n = 9 [18%]), stage IV (n = 37 [74%]), and unknown (n = 2 [4%]). Patients’ mean survival was 10.3 months. Molecular results were available in 43 cases. Twenty‐seven cases (63%) had no mutation identified; when they were compared with the control group, TTF1‐negative patients had overall shorter survival (P = .0047), even though no statistically significant difference was seen on the clinical stage. Known mutations were less frequent (P = .0095) in TTF‐negative tumors (KRAS mutations, n = 11 [25%]; anaplastic lymphoma kinase [ALK], n = 3 [7%]; and EGFR, n = 2 [5%]). This was particularly true for EGFR mutations (P = .047). However, ALK rearrangements were present at an increased frequency in the TTF1‐negative group (P = .018).CONCLUSIONSPatients with TTF1‐negative lung ADC have worse overall survival, a lower frequency of known mutations, and a higher frequency of ALK alterations.
How much colour science is not too much?
Authors: Hirschler Robert , Csillag Paula , Manyé Pablo , Neder Mônica 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe authors of this article (a chemical engineer, a designer, a visual artist, and an architect/designer) present their proposal for the main topics of a colour science course aimed at nonscientists. With examples taken from their own respective teaching practice, they describe and discuss the main topics they consider important to be included in the curriculum of future visual artists, designers, and architects. They also sample over a dozen text books written for this public audience and point out some of the most striking examples of misconceptions to be found in these.
Modeling and analysis of the performance of exascale photonic networks
Authors: Duro José , Pascual Jose A. , Petit Salvador , Sahuquillo Julio , Gómez María E. 
Published: September 2018

SummaryPhotonics technology has become a promising and viable alternative for both on‐chip and off‐chip interconnection networks of future Exascale systems. Nevertheless, this technology is not mature enough yet in this context, so research efforts focusing on photonic networks are still required to achieve realistic suitable network implementations. In this regard, system‐level photonic network simulators can help guide designers to assess the multiple design choices. Most current research is done on electrical network simulators, whose components work widely different from photonics components. In this work, we summarize and compare the working behavior of both technologies which includes the use of optical routers, wavelength‐division multiplexing and circuit switching among others. After implementing them into a well‐known simulation framework, an extensive simulation study has been carried out using realistic photonic network configurations with synthetic and realistic traffic. Experimental results show that, compared to electrical networks, optical networks can reduce the execution time of the studied real workloads in almost one order of magnitude. Our study also reveals that the photonic configuration highly impacts on the network performance, being the bandwidth per channel and the message length the most important parameters.