bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MİKRODALGA TÜMÖR ABLASYONU İÇİN HÜZME YÖNLÜLÜĞÜ YÜKSEK KOMPAKT ANTEN VE KOMPAKT ÇOK BANDLI DÜZLEMSEL ANTEN TASARIMI VE ANALİZİ
Authors: GÖRGÜN Ahmet Rıfat , ÇÖMLEKÇİ Selçuk , KAYA Adnan 
Published: September 2019

Mikrodalga ablasyonu (MDA) kanserli dokuları mikrodalga enerjisini
kullanarak yok etme tekniği olarak bilinmektedir. İmplant antenler mikrodalga
ablasyonu (MDA) için uygun antenler olup, küçük yapıları ve düşük maliyetleri
ile tercih edilmektedir. Kanserli dokunun gelişimini etkin bir şekilde
baskılayabilmek için, özgül soğrulma oranı (ÖSO) ve sıcaklık dağılımı kontrol
edilebilen bu tip antenler değişik frekans ve güçlerde kullanılmaktadır. Bu
çalışmada mikrodalga tümör ablasyonu için CST Studio ile tasarlanan ve 2.41 GHz
de rezonans durumunda olan hüzme yönlülüğü yüksek kompakt anten ve 2.46 GHz’ de
rezonans durumunda olan kompakt çok bandlı düzlemsel anten kullanıldı. Bu
radyatör tip antenler 2.45 GHz’ de tümörlü doku karşısına yerleştirilerek
simule edildi. Hüzme yönlülüğü yüksek kompak anten için 2.41 GHz de yaptığı
ışıma sonucunda maksimum SAR değeri 8.53 W/kg
SAR/10g olarak elde edildi ve ısı akışı 1 W için sıcaklık aralığı 37 –48℃ olarak elde edildi. Kompakt çok bandlı düzlemsel anten için
2.45 GHz de yaptığı ışıma sonucunda maksimum SAR değeri 22.5 W/kg SAR/10g olarak elde edildi ve ısı akışı 1 W
için sıcaklık aralığı 36 –41℃ olarak elde edildi. Antenlerin analizi ile
ilgili olarak Geri dönüş kaybı
(S11), elektrik alan, yönlendiricilik
ve SAR değerleri ile
simulasyonda mikrodalga gücünün uygulanmasıyla bir eğri buyunca elde edilen
sıcaklık – uzaklık grafikleri simulasyon sonucu olarak rapor edilmiş ve
sonuçlar yorumlanmıştır. Elde edilen simulasyon sonuçlarına göre her iki
anteninde mikrodalga ablasyonunda kullanılabileceğine dair sonuçlar elde
edilmiştir.
DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF SUSTAIN RELEASE MICROPARTICLES OF METOPROPROPROLOL SUCCINATE
Authors: Sen Suma Oommen , DEVBHUTI PRITESH , SEN KALYAN KUMAR , GHOSH AMITAVA 
Published: September 2019

Objective: In this study, xanthan gum was oxidized by sodium periodate to form xanthan dialdehyde. This oxidized gum was used as crosslinking agent as an alternative to somewhat toxic glutaraldehyde, the basis of which is the reaction between the Schiff reagent and the aldehydes formed by periodate oxidation.
Methods: Formation of aldehyde groups were confirmed by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). Microparticles of metoprolol succinate were fabricated using crosslinking of a chitosan/gelatin mix system by dialdehyde Xanthan gum. The properties of the developed microparticles were investigated with swelling equilibrium studies, differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), in vitro drug release studies and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
Results: The in vitro drug release from these microparticles was affected by total polymer amount, oxidation reaction time and chitosan to gelatin ratio. The cumulative percent release of metoprolol succinate was observed within the range of 46 to 95% at 8 h from different formulations studied. The factors identified as significant to produce any impact on drug loading as well as drug release were both the polymer and inter actions of polymer and Xanthan gum dialdehyde.
Conclusion: The release mechanism followed the super case II model kinetics.
FORMULATION AND OPTIMIZATION OF QUERCETIN LOADED NANOSPONGES TOPICAL GEL: EX VIVO, PHARMACODYNAMIC AND PHARMACOKINETIC STUDIES
Authors: SUJITHA Y. SARAH , MUZIB Y. INDIRA 
Published: September 2019

Objective: Quercetin is therapeutically hampered because of its poor solubility. The present investigation was aimed to prepare quercetin loaded nanosponges topical gel to enhance the solubility and efficacy of the drug.
Methods: Quercetin nanosponges were prepared by emulsion solvent diffusion method. Developed nanosponges optimized by particle size, SEM, entrapment efficiency, FT-IR, DSC, P-XRD, In vitro studies. The optimized formulation of nanosponges was loaded into a topical gel and it was characterized by ex-vivo, in vivo Pharmacodynamic and kinetic studies.
Results: The particle size and zeta potential of optimized nanosponges were found to be 188.3 nm and-0.1mV. Surface morphology was studied using SEM Analysis which showed tiny sponge-like structure and entrapment efficiency was found to be 96.5 %. In vitro drug release of optimized nanosponges was found to be 98.6% for 7hours. Optimized nanosponges entrapped gel was prepared by using carbopol 934 and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose as gelling agents. The prepared nanogels were homogenous and ex-vivo skin permeation studies of the optimized nanosponges gel was found to be 98.1% for 5 h, quercetin loaded nanosponges has shown higher skin permeation efficiency (18.4µg/cm2±2.1) compared to pure quercetin gel. The pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies showed that the quercetin loaded nanosponges has shown more effective when compared to marketed formulation.
Conclusion: Quercetin loaded nanosponges gel has shown a significant increase in activity (p<0.05) compared to the marketed formulation (Voveran Emulgel).
QUANTIFICATION OF ROPINIROLE HYDROCHLORIDE IN API AND TABLETS BY NOVEL STABILITY-INDICATING RP-HPLC METHOD: IT’S VALIDATION AND FORCED DEGRADATION STUDIES
Authors: R. SADASHIVAIAH , G. Rohith , B. K. SATHEESHA BABU 
Published: September 2019

Objective: A simple, economical, robust and stability-indicating reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography method was developed and validated for the quantification of ropinirole hydrochloride in API and tablets to achieve shorter retention time, to minimize human error by avoiding the use of buffers and weighing procedure and analyze more number of samples in shorter period of time with good accuracy.
Methods: The chromatographic conditions for separation of ropinirole hydrochloride was carried out using Gemini NX C18 column (15 cm x 4.6 mm), 5 µm particle size with the mobile phase composing of methanol: acetonitrile (70:30 v/v), delivered at flow rate 0.7 ml/min and UV detection wavelength at 250 nm.
Results: The retention time was observed at 2.718 min. The system suitability results were found to be within limits. The method was precise, with lower than 2 %RSD and the calibration curve was linear (r2=1) over a concentration range of 2.5-160 µg/ml. The detection and quantification limit was found to be 0.045 µg/ml and 0.15 µg/ml, respectively. Recovery of the drug was found between 100.09-100.19%. The assay of ropinirole hydrochloride in ROPITOR® and ROPARK® tablets were found to be 100.4 and 103.60 %, respectively. The forced degradation studies were carried out to demonstrate the specificity of the method by exposing the API under conditions of hydrolysis, oxidation, thermal and photolytic as per ICH Q1A(R2) guidelines.
Conclusion: The low coefficient of variation and agreeable recovery confirmed that the newly developed method could be employed for routine analysis of ropinirole hydrochloride in API and tablets.
DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF LC-MS/MS METHOD FOR ESTIMATION OF UROCARB IN HUMAN PLASMA
Authors: DRAPAK IRYNA , ZIMENKOVSKY BORYS , PEREKHODA LINA , KOVALENKO SERGIY , LOGOYDA LILIYA 
Published: September 2019

Objective: The present study was aimed to develop a rapid, specific and sensitive method based on LC-MS/MS method was developed for the determination of urocarb using etomidate as an internal standard.
Methods: Chromatography was achieved on Discovery C18, 50 × 2.1 mm, 5 μm column. Samples were chromatographed in a gradient mode (eluent A (acetonitrile-water–formic acid, 5: 95: 0.1 v/v), eluent B (acetonitrile–formic acid, 100: 0.1 v/v)). The initial content of the eluent B of 8%, which increases linearly to 1.0 min to 100%, is maintained up to 1.5 min and returned to the original 8% to 1.51 min. The mobile phase was delivered at a flow rate of 0.400 ml/min into the mass spectrometer ESI chamber. The sample volume was 4 μl.
Results: The total chromatographic run time was 2.0 min and the elution of urocarb and IS (etomidate) occurred at ~1.53 and 1.67 min, respectively. A linear response function was established at 1-100 ng/ml for urocarb and etomidate in human plasma. The % mean recovery for urocarb in LQC, MQC and HQC was 104.1 %, 100.0 % and 97.4 %. The lowest concentration with the RSD<20% was taken as LLOQ and was found to be 1.03 ng/ml for urocarb. The within-run coefficients of variation ranged between 0.271 % and 0.478 % for urocarb. The within-run percentages of nominal concentrations ranged between 99.12 % and 100.21 % for urocarb. The between-run coefficients of variation ranged between 0.388 % and 0.601 % for urocarb. The between-run percentages of nominal concentrations ranged between 98.78 % and 101.11 % for urocarb.
Conclusion: A highly sensitive, specific, reproducible, rapid and high-throughput LC-MS/MS assay was developed and validated to quantify urocarb in human plasma as per the regulatory guidelines. Due to the sensitivity of the developed method, it can be applied to the monitoring of plasma levels in the analysis of drug in preclinical and clinical pharmacokinetic studies. All the parameters and results were found within the acceptance limit as given in the validation protocol.
DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF REVERSED PHASE HPLC-PDA METHOD FOR THE QUANTIFICATION OF CHRYSIN IN SOLID LIPID NANOPARTICLES
Authors: GARG ANUJ , AGRAWAL GOPAL PRASAD , K. SHAHADALI 
Published: September 2019

Objective: The main aim of the present study was to develop and validate a simple, precise and accurate Reversed-Phase HPLC-PDA method for the quantitative determination of Chrysin in solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs).
Methods: The RP-HPLC-PDA system equipped with a C-18 reversed-phase column (250 × 4.6 mm, particle size 5 μm) was employed in the present study. HPLC grade methanol and water in 85:15 (v/v) ratio was selected as the mobile phase at flow rate of 1 ml/min under an ambient column oven temperature. The detection wavelength was kept at 268 nm. Validation of developed method was performed according to the ICH guidelines.
Results: The developed reversed-phase HPLC-PDA method was found to be linear in the concentration range of 0.2-10 µg/ml with a correlation coefficient of 0.999. The method was also observed to be precise with % relative standard deviation (RSD) below 2%. The limit of detection and limit of quantification of this method were found to be 0.05µg/ml and 0.14µg/ml, respectively. The percent recovery of the developed method was estimated to more than 99%.
Conclusion: The developed HPLC method can be utilized for the determination of Chrysin with a high degree of accuracy, precision, robustness, specificity in solid lipid nanoparticles in the presence of excipients.
ANTI-DIABETIC EFFECT OF A NOVEL NANO POLYMER OF THYMOL IN STREPTOZOTOCIN-INDUCED DIABETIC WISTAR RATS
Authors: KARIMI ELAHE , ABBASI SHAHRYAR , AIDY ALI , GHANEIALVAR HORI , MOHAMMADPOUR SHAHRAM , AKHAVAN MAZIAR MOHAMMAD , ABBASI NASER 
Published: September 2019

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of thymol and thymol nano polymer on the blood biochemical parameters and anti-diabetic activity in Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats.
Methods: The synthesized nano polymer (NP) was characterized by using different spectroscopy methods, such as IR, HNMR and CNMR. Loading and releasing of thymol were investigated by HPLC. Eleven groups of the Streptozotocin-induced diabetic and normal rats (overall 110 males) were tested through various biochemical factors such as: serum glucose, insulin, liver function-related enzymes including ALT, AST, ALP and bilirubin by ELISA kit methods.
Results: It has shown that thymol nano polymer is desirable for transferring drug. The amount of thymol loaded on NP estimated at 43±2.5 %. Then, 65% of the loaded drug was released. LD50 for thymol and thymol nano polymer were 435 and 583 mg/kg, respectively. thymol nano polymer at doses of 30, 60 and 90 mg/kg, in a dose-dependent manner, reduced blood glucose, increased insulin levels, and controlled liver enzymes ALT, AST, ALP and bilirubin in the STZ-induced diabetic rats.
Conclusion: The use of thymol nano polymer appears to be a new aspect concerning to protect diabetes-induced damage in the animal model.
FACTORIAL DESIGN AS THE METHOD IN THE OPTIMIZATION OF TIMOLOL MALEATE-LOADED NANOPARTICLE PREPARED BY IONIC GELATION TECHNIQUE
Authors: MUHTADI WILDAN KHAIRI , NOVITASARI LARAS , MARTIEN RONNY , DANARTI RETNO 
Published: September 2019

Objective: This study aims to optimize the timolol maleate (TM) nanoparticle prepared by ionic gelation method using the factors of pectin (PC), calcium chloride (CC), and chitosan (CS) concentrations with the responses of entrapment efficiency, particle size, and polydispersity index using 23 factorial design.
Methods: TM nanoparticle suspensions were obtained by mixing of PC (0,4-0,6% (w/v)), CC (0,2-0,4% (w/v)), and CS (0,01-0,02% (w/v)) with TM concentration of 0,02% w/v. Each mixture was then tested for entrapment efficiency, particle size, and polydispersity index. The test results were analyzed with 23 factorial design using Design-Expert software in order to determine the optimum formula.
Results: The optimization study showed that all of the factors influenced the responses significantly (p<0.05) based on the analysis of variance (ANOVA) of the suggested models. The R2value and the adequate precision value of the three models were more than 0.7 and 4, respectively. The difference between Adjusted R-Squared and Predicted R-Squared value were less than 0.200. The optimum condition of TM nanoparticle was suggested at the desirability value of 0.839 with the concentration of PC, CC, and CS of 0,4% (w/v), 0,2% (w/v), and 0,01% (w/v), respectively. The entrapment efficiency, particle size, and polydispersity index of the optimum condition were 24.791±2.84%, 274.867±14.45 nm, and 0.634±0.066, respectively.
Conclusion: The 23factorial design has been proved as the suitable method to determine the optimum condition that yields the good results of the entrapment efficiency, particle size, and polydispersity index of the TM-loaded nanoparticle prepared by ionic gelation method.
EFFECT OF CELLULOSIC POLYMER ON PHYSICO MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF SUPERPOROUS HYDROGEL OF AN ANTIHYPERTENSIVE DRUG AND DRUG RELEASE KINETICS FROM IT
Authors: Roy Biswas Gopa , Roy Debolina , Biswas Majee Sutapa 
Published: September 2019

Objective: Super porous hydrogels (SPHs), a novel drug delivery system can be developed to retain drugs in the gastric medium. The aim of the present investigation was to prepare superporous hydrogels (SPHs) of Atenolol to release the drug in sustained manner in the gastric environment and study the effect of two grades of hydroxyl methyl cellulose along with Carbopol 971p on the physico mechanical properties and drug release kinetics of the formulations.
Methods: Superporous hydrogels of Atenolol were prepared with two grades of Hydroxy Propyl Methyl Cellulose (HPMC K100M and HPMC K15 M) along with Carbopol 971p the structural morphology of hydrogel was observed by Scanning Electron Microscopy. Study on Physico mechanical characteristics and drug release were done.
Results: Scanning Electron microscopy studies of the formulations revealed the presence of large number of pores in different size ranges like 1 µm, 2 µm, 10 µm, confirming the formulations as superporous hydrogel. A correlation had been found between porosity, density and % swelling index. The drug release data from the formulations obeyed Higuchi and Korsmeyer-Peppas kinetics. Further, the data were fitted to the Kopcha model for confirming drug release by a combination of diffusion-controlled and chain relaxation–swelling mechanism.
Conclusion: Among the six formulations, where HPMC K15 M and HPMC K100 M both were present, the gel became more hydrophobic and retarded the release of drug. From the drug release kinetics data, it can be concluded that the diffusion mechanism predominated the drug release process, leading to quasi diffusion and Fickian diffusion mechanism.
LA BUROCRACIA SINDICAL MEXICANA ANTE LA SUCESIÓN PRESIDENCIAL: LOS PROCESOS RECIENTES
Authors: Corona Armenia Gabriel 
Published: September 2019

<p> Este artículo analiza el comportamiento de la burocracia sindical mexicana durante los últimos procesos de sucesión presidencial. El examen de la actuación busca determinar las razones de los líderes sindicales para asumir un comportamiento peculiar: en ocasiones dóciles y en ocasiones beligerantes con el poder público, de acuerdo a las circunstancias del momento y de acuerdo a sus intereses particulares. </p>
Análise comparativa da resistência flexural de duas resinas indiretas
Authors: Léon Blanca , Xisto Emilena , Aras Wanessa , Silva Emily , Moinhos Cecilia , Queiroz Priscila 
Published: September 2019

Objetivos. O sistema de resinas compostas indiretas constitui uma alternativa de tratamento estético com o objetivo de solucionar alguns dos problemas presentes nas restaurações das cerâmicas e das resinas convencionais. O presente estudo teve o objetivo de avaliar e comparar a resistência flexural, em três pontos, de dois materiais restauradores indiretos, Sinfony® (3M-ESPE) e Ceramage® (Shofu).
Materiais e Métodos. Foram confeccionados 12 corpos de prova de cada material com 15mm de diâmetro e 2mm de espessura. Decorridas 24 horas após a confecção, os discos foram submetidos ao teste de resistência flexural em três pontos em uma máquina de ensaio universal EMIC, a uma velocidade constante de 0,5 mm/min e com célula de carga de 50 Kgf. Os dados foram avaliados estatisticamente pelo Teste t de Student, ao nível de significância de 5%.
Resultados. A resina Ceramage apresentou a maior média (98,90 MPa) de resistência á flexão pelo método biaxial comparado ao grupo Sinfony (86,90 MPa), sendo esta diferença estatisticamente significante. Em relação a fraturas, a resina Sinfony (83%) mostrou maiores porcentagens de fraturas do que a Ceramage (17%).
Conclusão. Dentro das limitações deste estudo, podemos concluir que o Ceramage apresentou os maiores valores de resistência flexural e menor porcentagens de fraturas.
PENGARUH KEPALA SEKOLAH YANG BERJIWA WIRAUSAHA TERHADAP PENGEMBANGAN SEKOLAH
Authors: Winario Mohd. , Irawati I. 
Published: September 2019

Pendidikan merupakan hal yang sangat penting bagi kemajuan peradaban bangsa dan negara, dari pendidikan juga akan merubah dunia, sehingga untuk mencapainya, maka pendidikan harus ditata dan dikelola dengan baik dan teratur sesuai dengan fungsi fungsi manajemen, mulai dari perencanaan, pengorganisasian, melaksanakan, dan fungsi pengawasan, peran pengelola pendidikan disini menjadi penting untuk dilihat bagaimana mereka mengelola pendidikan yang dipimpinnya. Pada Penelitian ini penulis mengambil permasalahan tentang bagaimana pengaruh kepala sekolah yang berjiwa kewirausahaan terhadap pengembangan sekolah yang dipimpinnya. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan pendekatan analisis deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kriteria kepala sekolah sesuai dengan Permendiknas No.13 tahun 2007, memiliki lima dimensi kompetensi, yaitu kepribadian, manajerial, kewirausahaan, supervisi, dan sosial salah satunya adalah memiliki jiwa kewirausahaan, sehingga setiap kepala sekolah/madrasah haru memiliki jiwa kewirausahaan ini dan Kepala sekolah adalah desicion maker dan regulator merupakan faktor penentu kesuksesan sekolah, sehingga jiwa kewirausahaan kepala sekolah untuk kemandirian dan pengembangan sekolah sangat diperlukan, selain kepala sekolah setiap stakeholder harus bersinergi untuk kemjuan dan pengembangan sekolah.
GURU SEBAGAI MANAJER
Authors: Syamsuwir S. 
Published: September 2019

Pendidikan merupakan usaha sadar yang dilakukan untuk menanusiakan manusia. Dalam proses pendidikan guru merupakan seseorang yang sangat memegang peran penting untuk terlaksananya proses pendidikan tersebut dengan baik tentunya juga tidak lepas dengan kerjasamanya dengan peserta didik. Sebagai seorang pendidik yang baik sudah sepantasnya dapat mengelola kelas dan juga mengelola pembelajaran dengan baik namun yang terjadi justru sebaliknya pada era modern saat ini yang penuh dengan kecanggihan-kecanggihan justru malah membuat sebagian guru terlena sehingga dikhawatirkan jika mereka nantinya masih belum bisa membedakan antara mengelola kelas dan mengelola pembelajaran sehingga kualitas pendidikan akan semakin merosot. Oleh karena itu untuk menghindari hal yang demikian diperlukan adanya hal-hal yang dapat menunjang terlahirnya seorang pendidik yang dapat membawa perubahan kedepannya karena ia faham akan perbedaan antara pengelolaan kelas dan pembelajaran sehingga mereka tidak salah dalam menempatkan keduanya.Oleh karena itu penulis tertarik untuk menulis karyanya yang berjudul” Guru Sebagai manajer”.
Sifat Empati Pemimpin Terhadap Bawahan Sebagai Kunci Keberhasihan Kepemimpinan Dalam Sistem Manajemen Pendidikan Islam
Authors: Sohiron Sohiron , Syukri Ahmad , US Kasful Anwar 
Published: September 2019

Kepemimpinan merupakan inti dari manajemen pendidikan Islam. Pemimpin sebagai penggerak staf yang ada di dalam organisasi membutuhkan kompetensi yang mumpuni. Salah satu kompetensi yang harus dimiliki adalah kompetensi sosial yang dicerminkan dari sifat empati pimpinan terhadap bawahan dalam melaksanakan fungsi kepemimpinannya. Sifat empati seorang pemimpin tercermin pada sifat pimpinan yang: 1). mendengarkan pembicaraan bawahan dengan baik, artinya individu mampu memberi perhatian dan menjadi pendengar yang baik dari segala permasalahan yang di ungkapkan bawahan kepadanya; 2). menerima sudut pandang bawahan, artinya pimpinan mampu memandang permasalahan dari titik pandang bawahan sehingga pemimpin memiliki sifat toleransi dan menerima perbedaan; 3). peka terhadap perasaan bawahan, artinya pimpinan mampu membaca perasaan bawahan dari isyarat verbal dan non verbal seperti nada bicara, ekspresi wajah, gerak-gerik dan bahasa tubuh lainnya. Teori yang mendasari seorang pemimpin dalam menerapkan konsep empati dalam kepemimpinan adalah kepemimpinan sifat (trait theory), teori kepemimpinan situasi, dan teori kelompok.
Modelling Growth Curves In Kampung Super Garut Chicken Fed With Pasak Bumi Meal (Euricoma longifolia Jack)
Authors: Kholik Abdul 
Published: September 2019

AbstractChicken growth will be showing a curve with certain mathematic model. The aim of this research was to predict growth curve model of kampung super garut chicken Fed With Pasak Bumi Meal (Euricoma longifolia Jack). This research used descriptive eksperimental method with 100, divided in five groups. Every groups fed with Pasak Bumi Meal in five categories is R0 (0%), R1 (0,025%), R2 (0,050%), R3 (0,075%) and R4 (0,100%). Chickens reared for 12 weeks, the collected data is body weight and body weight gain. Scatter plots data is used for estimated determination coefficient (R2), correlation coefficient (r), and standard error (SE). The results showed that; (1) addition of pasak bumi flour in ration at level 0,075% in ration resulted growth performance optimal; (2) The Gompertz model with the formula of Y = 1965.2 exp (-3.7890e-0.1456t ) was the best model with coefficient determination (R2) of 99.94%, coefficient of correlation (r) of 99.97%, and standard error (SE) of 16.01%. (3) growth rate until 12 weeks ages still increase.