bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gas sensor array assisted with UV illumination for discriminating several analytes at room temperature
Authors: Naeimi Pour Mohsen , Nikfarjam Alireza , Taheri Asghar , Sadredini Ahmad Reza 
Published: May 2019

In this work, a metal‐oxide gas sensor array was fabricated for discriminating several gases at room temperature using ultraviolet (UV) illumination. The sensor array consisted of four interdigitated gold microelectrodes, and titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanofibres were electrospun on them. The nanofibres were calcined at 550°C for 1 h. Finally, one of these sensors was coated with a thin layer of gold (Au) using DC sputtering method at a thickness of 2 nm. Similarly, the other two sensors were coated with a thin layer of platinum (Pt) and copper (Cu), respectively, and the last one remained uncoated. The nanofibres were characterised by scanning electron microscope, X‐ray diffraction, and UV spectroscopy. The examined analytes were methanol, ethanol, NH3, and acetone, each at seven various concentration levels, including 50, 100, 150, 200, 300, 400, and 500 ppm. Principal component analysis and linear discriminant analysis were used to evaluate the proposed technique. The results demonstrated that the sensor array along with UV illumination could successfully discriminate the analytes at room temperature.‏
Impedance matched electrical capacitance tomography system: front-end design and system analysis
Authors: Flatscher M , Neumayer M , Bretterklieber T 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Electrical capacitance tomography (ECT) is a well-established technique for process monitoring, which enables the visualization of spatial material distributions within a region of interest, e.g. a pipeline. Switched capacitor (SC) circuits or continuous displacement current measurements are used to measure the coupling capacitances within the ECT sensor. In order to measure the coupling capacitances with high accuracy, the circuit concepts make use of fast excitation signals, e.g. fast transients in SC circuits or high excitation frequency signals in continuous displacement current measurements. For industrial process tomography in harsh environments a spatial separation between the sensor and the front-end circuitry is favorable. Consequently, the measurement circuitry and the sensor are connected by means of coaxial cables. For high excitation frequencies, transmission line effects like standing waves, reflections, or impedance transformation effects appear, leading to undefined signal conditions in the measurement system. It can be shown that the undefined signal propagation can lead to significant measurement errors. In this paper we present an impedance matched front-end circuitry, i.e. the source impedance of the excitation source and the input impedance of the measurement circuitry are matched to the wave impedance of the transmission lines. Due to the matching the signal propagation becomes defined, allowing the use of arbitrary cable lengths and excitation signals. We present the design of an impedance matched front-end for ECT and study the behavior of the excitation system and the measurement system. Comparative measurements from a demonstrator are presented. Finally we study the measurement error of the system and show the validity of the impedance matched system approach.
Constant vorticity water flows with full Coriolis term
Authors: Iulian Martin Calin 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
We consider here three-dimensional water flows governed by the geophysical water wave equations exhibiting full Coriolis term. More precisely, under mild assumptions we determine all possible flow solutions to the governing equations that exhibit constant vorticity vector. That is, we show that the vertical component of the velocity vanishes, the horizontal components are constant and the free surface is necessarily flat. Our investigation features three-dimensionality, nonlinearity, Coriolis effects and vorticity, the last aspect being one of relevance in relation to the issue of turbulence.
Focus on Shortcuts to Adiabaticity
Authors: del Campo Adolfo , Kim Kihwan 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Shortcuts to Adiabaticity (STA) constitute driving schemes that provide an alternative to adiabatic protocols to control and guide the dynamics of classical and quantum systems without the requirement of slow driving. Research on STA advances swiftly with theoretical progress being accompanied by experiments on a wide variety of platforms. We summarize recent developments emphasizing advances reported in this focus issue while providing an outlook with open problems and prospects for future research.
Ladder climbing and autoresonant acceleration of the spherical plasma density wave
Authors: Geng Pan-Fei , Tang Rong-An , Zhang Ai-Xia , Xue Ju-Kui 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Ladder climbing (LC) and autoresonance (AR) of the spherical plasma density wave are studied for the first time. The governing equation of the perturbed spherical density wave in the energy level space based on a hydrodynamic model of the electron plasma is presented, and it is demonstrated that the quantum LC and classical AR transition can be achieved in the spherical plasma. The asymptotic thresholds of the LC and AR transition of the spherical plasma wave are obtained analytically and confirmed numerically. We find that the spherical wave energy is concentrated to the sphere center as the density wave climbs to the higher level, the spherical plasma behaves obvious compression character, and the perturbed density of the sphere center even can be amplified to 100 times larger of the initial perturbed density. Compared to the one-dimensional case, the energy spectrum of the spherical plasma wave shifts upward, and the energy level spacing of the spherical plasma wave is broadened. These result in the facts that the spherical plasma needs the larger driving strength to achieve the LC and AR, while the total perturbed density of the spherical plasma always is larger than that of the one-dimensional case.
Geometric universality and anomalous diffusion in frictional fingers
Authors: Olsen Kristian Stølevik , Flekkøy Eirik Grude , Angheluta Luiza , Campbell James Matthew , Måløy Knut Jørgen , Sandnes Bjørnar 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Frictional finger trees are patterns emerging from non-equilibrium processes in particle-fluid systems. Their formation share several properties with growth algorithms for minimum spanning trees (MSTs) in random energy landscapes. We propose that the frictional finger trees are indeed in the same geometric universality class as the MSTs, which is checked using updated numerical simulation algorithms for frictional fingers. We also propose a theoretical model for anomalous diffusion in these patterns, and discuss the role of diffusion as a tool to classify geometry.
A first-order dynamical transition in the displacement distribution of a driven run-and-tumble particle
Authors: Gradenigo Giacomo , Majumdar Satya N 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
We study the probability distribution P(X

N
=  X,N) of the total displacement X

N
of an N-step run and tumble particle on a line, in the presence of a constant nonzero drive E. While the central limit theorem predicts a standard Gaussian form for near its peak, we show that for large positive and negative X, the distribution exhibits anomalous large deviation forms. For large positive X, the associated rate function is nonanalytic at a critical value of the scaled distance from the peak where its first derivative is discontinuous. This signals a first-order dynamical phase transition from a homogeneous ‘fluid’ phase to a ‘condensed’ phase that is dominated by a single large run. A similar first-order transition occurs for negative large fluctuations as well. Numerical simulations are in excellent agreement with our analytical predictions.
Afforestation reduces cyclone intensity and precipitation extremes over Europe
Authors: Belušić Danijel , Fuentes-Franco Ramón , Strandberg Gustav , Jukimenko Alex 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Extratropical cyclones are the dominant weather pattern in the midlatitudes and cause up to 80% of precipitation extremes in some regions of Europe with a large societal and economical impact. Using a regional climate model and a cyclone-tracking algorithm, we study how idealized deforestation and afforestation of Europe affect long-term changes in the number and intensity of cyclones, and their effects on precipitation. The number of cyclones over Europe is smaller for afforestation compared to deforestation, with differences starting from 10% in regions near the west European coast and increasing towards the east to reach 80%. This decrease is caused by the larger surface roughness in afforestation. The winter precipitation extremes are considerably reduced with afforestation, without a large decrease in mean precipitation because of the balancing effect of increased weak and moderate precipitation. The mean precipitation increases over central and southern Europe as a result of the summer precipitation increase caused by larger evapotranspiration and access to deeper soil moisture in the presence of trees. These different region-specific effects of afforestation are generally positive and could provide an important mitigation tool in a changing climate.
Study on stability evaluation in multi-send hybrid AC/DC transmission system
Authors: Li Rong 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Our country has shown the significant features of high voltage direct current (HVDC) including multi-infeed and multi-send. Compared to multi-infeed system, there are a lot of weakness in the multi-send system, such as the grid structure is single and weak, which makes the interaction between AC and DC to a greater extent affect the stability of the multi-send hybrid AC/DC transmission system. In order to evaluating the system strength in multi-send hybrid AC/DC transmission system, for the first time, this paper proposed the general formula and simplified formula for multi-send short-circuit ratio (MSSCR), which accounts for the coupling between multi-dc projects. Considering the control characteristics of rectifier in sending-side and combining the maximum power curve method, the criticality of MSSCR is proposed. Multi-send critical short-circuit ratio (MSCSCR) is deduced by the quasi steady-state equation of rectifier, to determine the multi-send system is strength enough or not. The proposal of MSSCR is of considerable significance for effectively evaluating the stability performance of the multi-send AC/DC hybrid transmission system, completing the short-circuit ratio theoretical system, and consolidating the short-circuit ratio index status.
Location and Capacity Planning of Electric Vehicles Charging Piles
Authors: Shimin Yi , Yunlian Sun , Xiaodi Zhang , Ying Wu , Jinlei Hu , Qiwu Zou , Xinlin Xie , Bin Fu 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
As the planning and construction of electric vehicle charging pile plays a decisive role in the promotion of electric vehicles, this article puts forward a planning method considering the cooperation of different types of charging piles and analyzes the Residential and social charging piles. On the basis of determined number of charging piles in residential area, the planning of social charging piles is analyzed from the demand of charging considering the unbalance of electric vehicles’ promotion, the location of charging piles considering the minimum charge distance and the capacity of charging piles considering the situation that EVs don’t charge every day. And then the processes of planning are determined. Finally, the planning method is applied to a Xincheng planning in ZhuoZhou which could illustrate the feasibility of this method. Compared with other method, the method of this article pays more attention to the actual situation from the load forecast to the overall planning in the area, thus the result is more realistic and in line with the planning requirements.
A Camera Tracking System Based on Closed-loop Kernelized Correlation Filters
Authors: Li Muzi , Cheng Bo , Zhao Shuai , Chen Junliang 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Camera tracking is an important application in the computer vision. With the progress of the tracking-by-detection algorithm, industrial cameras can track targets autonomously. However, during the long-time tracking, it’s prone to miss target owing to heavy object occlusion, environment changing and objects appearance variations. Our camera tracking system is based on the kernelized correlation filter to track object, and we add a self-verification module to judge if the current tracking results are reliable. This can be useful in solving target missing when object meets occlusion or variations, and avoid model drift during long-time detection. Last but not the least, we keep the targets in the corner of the image by controlling our camera, avoiding object’s moving out of view. The kernel correlation filter bounded with self-verification and re-detection modules boost the performance. Extensive experiments on the OTB-2013 benchmark show that it performs better than state-of-the-art methods.
Multilevel Risk Prediction of Cardiovascular Disease based on Adaboost+RF Ensemble Learning
Authors: Li Runchuan , Shen Shengya , Chen Gang , Xie Tiantian , Ji Shasha , Zhou Bing , Wang Zongmin 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Background: In the field of diagnostic CVD, the predecessors used a large amount of data with no missing two-category data, and obtained good results. However, in the process of electronic input of historical data, a large number of data attribute values are missing, and there are multiple levels of disease risk. Goal: On the data set of imbalance and a large number of missing values, this paper focuses on the five levels of cardiovascular disease. Methods: A new prediction model of Adaboost+RF is constructed by using the information gain ratio to analyze the feature contribution degree of the data set. The performance of this model is evaluated with Precision, Recall, F-measure and ROC Area values. Results: The results show that the four key indicators of the Adaboost+RF model on five-categories unbalanced datasets in Precision, Recall, F1 and AUC values, which are 40.9%, 49.3%, 41.4% and 71.6%. Conclusion: The experiment results demonstrate that the four key indicators of the Adaboost+RF model on five-category unbalanced missing datasets are better than other machine learning algorithms.
Word-to-word Machine Translation: Bilateral Similarity Retrieval for Mitigating Hubness
Authors: Luo Mengting , He Linchao , Guo Mingyue , Han Fei , Tian Long , Pu Haibo , Zhang Dejun 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Nearest neighbor search is playing a critical role in machine word translation, due to its ability to obtain the lingual labels of source word embeddings by searching k Nearest Neighbor ( k NN) target embeddings from a shared bilingual semantic space. However, aligning two language distributions into a shared space usually requires amounts of target label, and k NN retrieval causes hubness problem in high-dimensions feature space. Although most the best-k retrievals get rid of hubs in the list of translation candidates to mitigate the hubness problem, it is flawed to eliminate hubs. Because hub also has a correct source word query corresponding to it and should not be crudely excluded. In this paper, we introduce an unsupervised machine word translation model based on Generative Adversarial Nets (GANs) with Bilingual Similarity retrieval, namely, Unsupervised-BSMWT. Our model addresses three main challenges: (1) reduce the dependence of parallel data with GANs in a fully unsupervised way. (2) Significantly decrease the training time of adversarial game. (3) Propose a novel Bilingual Similarity retrieval for mitigating hubness pollution regardless of whether it is a hub. Our model efficiently performs competitive results in 74min exceeding previous GANs-based models.
Target Pedestrian Tracking Algorithm Based on Occlusion Scene
Authors: Du Guocai 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
The traditional incremental learning tracking algorithm tends to drift or lose track when the pedestrian is occluded and the background is similar to the pedestrian target. This paper proposes a pedestrian tracking algorithm based on improved incremental learning. According to the difference between the central position of the current observation model and that of the previous one, the reliability of the observation model can be judged, and then the forgetting factor can be adjusted, so that the observation model can adapt to the changes of pedestrian targets. The experimental results show that the improved algorithm can track the pedestrian target accurately and effectively in the occlusion scene.
Femur segmentation in X-ray image based on improved U-Net
Authors: Lianghui Fan , Gang Han Jun , Yang Jia , Bin Yang 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Segmentation of Femur bone from X-ray images is an indispensable step in computer aided analysis of medical images and orthopaedic examinations. It is more complex than segmentation from CT and MR images, due to some associated less dense tissues that are hard to distinguish from the femur bone in X-ray images. This paper presents an improved method based on U-Net to automatically extract the femurs from hip X-ray images. This method changes the structure of the U-Net network, which can effectively map the non-linear relationship between hip image and femur image, and accurately segment femur image. The paper also added the absolute deviation loss function to improve the segmentation effect. Experimental results show that this method is accurate, robust, and achieves an average dice similarity coefficient of 0.966. The segmentation results are satisfactory.
Conceptual Art: The Visual and Verbal Semiosis Interplay
Authors: Calfoglou Christine , Polymeris Spiros 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe relationship between the visual and the verbal in conceptual art is a particularly fruitful instantiation of intersemiosis. In this article, we discuss conceptual artwork interpretation on the basis of this relationship and consider issues of temporal precedence, performativity, and illocutionary force in conjunction with conceptual art immateriality and self-referentiality. Invoking data from a museum-based project, we argue that the viewer-text possesses a key hermeneutic role in an interpretation process encompassing the two sign systems.
“Dynamic Canthopexy” Drill Hole Canthal Repositioning
Authors: Botti Giovanni , Botti Chiara , Rossati Leonardo , Gualdi Alessandro , Nocini Pierfrancesco , Nocini Riccardo , Bertossi Dario 
Published: May 2019

Abstract

Background
Canthopexies can be performed to modify the eye slant, both when the lateral canthus is lower than the medial one (congenital defect) or in case the patient asks for an almond-shaped eye (cosmetic indication).

Objectives
This peculiar type of canthopexy can be defined as “dynamic canthopexy,” meaning that the lateral canthus is released from its original insertion and raised to a higher position. The goal of this study is to demonstrate the differences and the efficacy of the dynamic cantoplasty.

Methods
The authors reviewed 30 patients treated with a “dynamic canthopexy” between January 2005 and March 2015. Eighteen patients were affected by true downslanting palpebral fissure, and 12 patients had a normal eye shape but were wishing for a more “Asian” look. Dynamic canthopexy involves a total modification of the canthal suspension system and its careful reconstruction at a higher level inside the orbital rim. To obtain a permanent result, canthal ligament and tendon had to be anchored to drill holes in the orbital rim bone with nonabsorbable sutures. Symmetry was very carefully assessed. The average surgical time was 1 hour.

Results
This surgery proved extremely effective in all cases. Patients must be warned, though, that an initial hypercorrection is necessary to achieve the desired canthal position. About 6 months after surgery the result of this operation can be considered permanent. Severe complications are rare.

Conclusions
Dynamic canthopexy can provide stable correction of anti-Mongolian slant. It can also be effectively employed to obtain permanent slant eyes when required by purely cosmetic patients. If precisely carried out, this technique can yield very rewarding outcomes.

Level of Evidence: 4
Experimental field evidence that out-group threats influence within-group behavior
Authors: Morris-Drake Amy , Christensen Charlotte , Kern Julie M , Radford Andrew N 
Published: May 2019

AbstractIn social species, conspecific outsiders present various threats to groups and their members. These out-group threats are predicted to affect subsequent within-group interactions (e.g., affiliation and aggression) and individual behavior (e.g., foraging and vigilance decisions). However, experimental investigations of such consequences are rare, especially in natural conditions. We used field-based call playbacks and fecal presentations on habituated wild dwarf mongooses (Helogale parvula)—a cooperatively breeding, territorial species—to examine postinteraction responses to the simulated threat of a rival group. Dwarf mongooses invested more in grooming of groupmates, foraged closer together, and more regularly acted as sentinels (a raised guard) after encountering indicators of rival-group presence compared to control conditions. These behavioral changes likely arise from greater anxiety and, in the case of increased vigilance, the need to seek additional information about the threat. The influence of an out-group threat lasted at least 1 h but individuals of different dominance status and sex responded similarly, potentially because all group members suffer costs if a contest with rivals is lost. Our results provide field-based experimental evidence from wild animals that out-group threats can influence within-group behavior and decision making, and suggest the need for greater consideration of the lasting impacts of social conflict.
eFORGE v2.0: updated analysis of cell type-specific signal in epigenomic data
Authors: Breeze Charles E , Reynolds Alex P , van Dongen Jenny , Dunham Ian , Lazar John , Neph Shane , Vierstra Jeff , Bourque Guillaume , Teschendorff Andrew E , Stamatoyannopoulos John A , Beck Stephan 
Published: May 2019

Abstract

Summary
The Illumina Infinium EPIC BeadChip is a new high-throughput array for DNA methylation analysis, extending the earlier 450k array by over 400 000 new sites. Previously, a method named eFORGE was developed to provide insights into cell type-specific and cell-composition effects for 450k data. Here, we present a significantly updated and improved version of eFORGE that can analyze both EPIC and 450k array data. New features include analysis of chromatin states, transcription factor motifs and DNase I footprints, providing tools for epigenome-wide association study interpretation and epigenome editing.

Availability and implementation
eFORGE v2.0 is implemented as a web tool available from https://eforge.altiusinstitute.org and https://eforge-tf.altiusinstitute.org/.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.