bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
LncRNA-OG Promotes the Osteogenic Differentiation of Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Under the Regulation of hnRNPK
Authors: Tang Su'an , Xie Zhongyu , Wang Peng , Li Jinteng , Wang Shan , Liu Wenjie , Li Ming , Wu Xiaohua , Su Hongjun , Cen Shuizhong , Ye Guiwen , Zheng Guan , Wu Yanfeng , Shen Huiyong 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) are the main source of osteoblasts in vivo and are widely used in stem cell therapy. Previously, we analyzed long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) expression profiles during BM-MSC osteogenesis, and further investigation is needed to elucidate how lncRNAs regulate BM-MSC osteogenesis. Herein, we used customized microarrays to determine lncRNA expression profiles in BM-MSCs on days 0 and 10 of osteogenic differentiation. In addition, we identified a novel osteogenesis-associated lncRNA (lncRNA-OG) that is upregulated during this process. Functional assays showed that lncRNA-OG significantly promotes BM-MSC osteogenesis. Mechanistically, lncRNA-OG interacts with heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K (hnRNPK) protein to regulate bone morphogenetic protein signaling pathway activation. Surprisingly, hnRNPK positively regulates lncRNA-OG transcriptional activity by promoting H3K27 acetylation of the lncRNA-OG promoter. Therefore, our study revealed a novel lncRNA with a positive function on BM-MSC osteogenic differentiation and proposed a new interaction between hnRNPK and lncRNA. Stem Cells 2018 Stem Cells 2019;37:270–283
Criteria air pollutants from cement production in Nigeria
Authors: Oki Abisola A. , Fakinle Bamidele Sunday , Sonibare Jacob Ademola 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThis study aims at determining the impact of uncontrolled criteria air pollutants on air quality. The research estimates the emissions of criteria air pollutants from existing and proposed cement production facilities using the emission factor approach. The emissions from the existing plants for particulate matter (PM), sulfur dioxide (SO2), oxides of nitrogen (NOx), carbon dioxide (CO2), and lead ranged between 0.031 and 354,240 tons per annum; 9.07 and 31,953.6 tons per annum; 5.04 and 17,750 tons per annum; 0.173 and 621.12 tons per annum; and 0.033 and 354.72 tons per annum; respectively, while estimated values for proposed plants for PM, SO2, NOx, CO, and lead ranged between 1.2 and 134,995.2 tons per annum; 35.52 and 13,497.6 tons per annum; 19.728 and 7,497 tons per annum, 0.67 and 264 tons per annum; and 0.096 and 148.80 tons per annum; respectively. PM emissions had the highest values, while values for SO2, NOx, CO, and Pb followed in decreasing order. Consistent use of emission control systems and substitution of kiln fuels with alternative fuels can help reduce the impact of cement production on air quality.
Computer‐aided drug design in new druggable targets for the next generation of immune‐oncology therapies
Authors: Acúrcio Rita C. , Scomparin Anna , Satchi‐Fainaro Ronit , Florindo Helena F. , Guedes Rita C. 
Published: October 2018

Immune modulatory pathways have emerged as innovative and successful targets in cancer immunotherapy. Current therapeutics include monoclonal antibodies, which have shown impressive clinical results in the treatment of several types of tumors. However, the failure to show response in the majority of patients and the induction of severe immune‐related adverse effects are among the major drawbacks. Latest efforts to achieve new approaches to target additional pathways and/or protein responsible for immune evasion toward the development of immune modulatory small molecules have been devised. The potential of innovative computational‐aided drug design tools to accelerate the identification and design of new optimized and validated immune small molecules modulators will play a key role in the next generation of cancer immunotherapy drug discovery. Nevertheless, the lack of structural information regarding the immune modulatory pathways and other components within tumor microenvironment has hampered the rational design of those small‐molecule modulators, by preventing the use of such methodologies. Herein we provide an overview on structural elucidation on known regulators of immune modulatory pathways (adenosine A2A receptor [A2AR], stimulator of interferon genes [STING], indoleaine 2,3‐dioxygenase 1 [IDO1], and 4‐1BB) within cancer microenvironment. This knowledge on immune modulatory molecular targets is essential to advance the understanding of their binding mode and guide the design of novel effective targeted anticancer medicines.This article is categorized under:

Molecular and Statistical Mechanics > Molecular Dynamics and Monte‐Carlo Methods
Structure and Mechanism > Molecular Structures
Software > Molecular Modeling
Systems biology of robustness and homeostatic mechanisms
Authors: Nijhout H. Frederik , Best Janet A. , Reed Michael C. 
Published: October 2018

All organisms are subject to large amounts of genetic and environmental variation and have evolved mechanisms that allow them to function well in spite of these challenges. This property is generally referred to as robustness. We start with the premise that phenotypes arise from dynamical systems and are therefore system properties. Phenotypes occur at all levels of the biological organizational hierarchy, from gene products, to biochemical pathways, to cells, tissues, organs, appendages, and whole bodies. Phenotypes at all these levels are subject to environmental and genetic challenges against which their form and function need to be protected. The mechanisms that can produce robustness are diverse and several different kinds often operate simultaneously. We focus, in particular, on homeostatic mechanisms that dynamically maintain form and function against varying environmental and genetic factors. Understanding how homeostatic mechanisms operate, how they reach their set point, and the nature of the set point pose difficult challenges. In developmental systems, homeostatic mechanisms make the progression of morphogenesis relatively insensitive to genetic and environmental variation so that the outcomes vary little, even in the presence of severe mutational and environmental stress. Accordingly, developmental systems give the appearance of being goal‐oriented, but how the target phenotype is encoded is not known. We discuss why and how individual variation poses challenges for mathematical modeling of biological systems, and conclude with an explanation of how system population models are a useful method for incorporating individual variation into deterministic ordinary differential equation (ODE) models.This article is categorized under:Models of Systems Properties and Processes > Mechanistic ModelsPhysiology > Mammalian Physiology in Health and DiseasePhysiology > Organismal Responses to EnvironmentBiological Mechanisms > Regulatory Biology
Out of Breath: Respiratory Aesthetics from Ruskin to Vernon Lee
Authors: Garratt Peter 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThis chapter examines the roles played by respiration—as physiological process, and embodied response—in the development of aesthetic theories at the end of the nineteenth century, traced from Ruskin to Vernon Lee. Late nineteenth-century attempts to define aesthetic experience in terms of its attendant physiological reactions still drew on breath’s immaterial poetic associations (air, wind and spirit) while being alert to the way respiratory control shifts easily between voluntary and involuntary modes of experience (will/automation). Lee’s idea of aesthetic experience envisages a complex, perhaps mystifying, action of involvement with works of art, dependent upon physiological, sensorimotor and respiratory movement. Exploring her understanding of empathetic identification, and relating it to current models of enactive cognition, the chapter recovers an entangled art and science of breath in nineteenth-century aesthetic theory.
From species to individuals: does the variation in ant–plant networks scale result in structural and functional changes?
Authors: Koch Elmo B. A. , Dáttilo Wesley , Camarota Flávio , Vasconcelos Heraldo L. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractPredicting the outcomes of any mutualistic interaction between ants and plants can be a very difficult task, since these outcomes are often determined by the ecological context in which the interacting species are embedded. Network theory has been an important tool to improve our understanding about the organizational patterns of animal–plant interactions. Nevertheless, traditionally, network studies have focused mainly on species‐based differences and ignoring the importance of individual differences within populations. In this study, we evaluated if downscaling an ant–plant network from species to the individual level results in structural and functional changes in a network involving different‐sized plant individuals. For this, we studied the extrafloral‐nectar producing‐tree Caryocar brasiliense (Caryocaraceae) and their associated ants in a Neotropical savanna. We observed 254 interactions involving 43 individuals of C. brasiliense and 47 ant species. The individual‐based ant–plant network exhibited a nested pattern of interactions, with all developmental stages contributing equally to structuring this non‐random pattern. We also found that plants with greater centrality within the network were better protected by their ant partners. However, plants with higher levels of individual specialization were not necessarily better protected by ants. Overall, we presented empirical evidence that intra‐population variations are important for shaping ant–plant networks, since they can change the level of protection against herbivores conferred by the ants. These results highlight the importance of individual‐based analyses of ecological networks, opening new research venues in the eco‐evolutionary dynamics of ant–plant interactions.
What is Deep Disagreement?
Authors: Ranalli Chris 
Published: October 2018

AbstractWhat is the nature of deep disagreement? In this paper, I consider two similar albeit seemingly rival answers to this question: the Wittgensteinian theory, according to which deep disagreements are disagreements over hinge propositions, and the fundamental epistemic principle theory, according to which deep disagreements are disagreements over fundamental epistemic principles. I assess these theories against a set of desiderata for a satisfactory theory of deep disagreement, and argue that while the fundamental epistemic principle theory does better than the Wittgensteinian theory on this score, the fundamental epistemic principle theory nevertheless struggles to explain the variety of deep disagreement.
Learning 3D Shape Completion Under Weak Supervision
Authors: Stutz David , Geiger Andreas 
Published: October 2018

AbstractWe address the problem of 3D shape completion from sparse and noisy point clouds, a fundamental problem in computer vision and robotics. Recent approaches are either data-driven or learning-based: Data-driven approaches rely on a shape model whose parameters are optimized to fit the observations; Learning-based approaches, in contrast, avoid the expensive optimization step by learning to directly predict complete shapes from incomplete observations in a fully-supervised setting. However, full supervision is often not available in practice. In this work, we propose a weakly-supervised learning-based approach to 3D shape completion which neither requires slow optimization nor direct supervision. While we also learn a shape prior on synthetic data, we amortize, i.e.,learn, maximum likelihood fitting using deep neural networks resulting in efficient shape completion without sacrificing accuracy. On synthetic benchmarks based on ShapeNet (Chang et al. Shapenet: an information-rich 3d model repository, 2015.arXiv:1512.03012) and ModelNet (Wu et al., in: Proceedings of IEEE conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (CVPR), 2015) as well as on real robotics data from KITTI (Geiger et al., in: Proceedings of IEEE conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (CVPR), 2012) and Kinect (Yang et al., 3d object dense reconstruction from a single depth view, 2018.arXiv:1802.00411), we demonstrate that the proposed amortized maximum likelihood approach is able to compete with the fully supervised baseline of Dai et al. (in: Proceedings of IEEE conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (CVPR), 2017) and outperforms the data-driven approach of Engelmann et al. (in: Proceedings of the German conference on pattern recognition (GCPR), 2016), while requiring less supervision and being significantly faster.
The effects of emotional lability, mind wandering and sleep quality on ADHD symptom severity in adults with ADHD
Authors: Helfer Bartosz , Cooper Ruth E. , Bozhilova Natali , Maltezos Stefanos , Kuntsi Jonna , Asherson Philip 
Published: October 2018

AbstractMind wandering, emotional lability and sleep quality are currently mostly independently investigated but are all interlinked and play a major role is adult attention-deficit/ hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Emotional lability is a core feature of the disorder, excessive mind wandering has recently been linked to symptoms and impairments of ADHD and poor sleep quality is experienced by a clear majority of adults with ADHD. All three phenomena lead to functional impairment in ADHD, however their relationship to each other and to ADHD symptom severity is not well understood. Here we used serial multiple mediation models to examine the influence of mind wandering, sleep quality and emotional lability on ADHD symptom severity. 81 adults diagnosed with ADHD participated in this study. We found that mind wandering and emotional lability predicted ADHD symptom severity and that mind wandering, emotional lability and sleep quality were all linked and significantly contributed to the symptomatology of adult ADHD. Mind wandering was found to lead to emotional lability which in turn lead to ADHD symptom severity; and poor sleep quality was found to exacerbate mind wandering leading to ADHD symptoms. Future research should employ objective on-task measures of mind wandering, sleepiness and emotional lability to investigate the neural basis of these impairing deficits in ADHD.
MAYNOOTH, HISTORY, AND THE INTELLECTUAL ORIGINS OF JOHN HUME'S POLITICAL THINKING
Authors: DOLAN THOMAS 
Published: October 2018

AbstractVisions of history, Irish and otherwise, ancient and modern, critically inflected through St Patrick's College, Maynooth, the National Roman Catholic Seminary of Ireland, are central to John Hume's intellectual formation. This can be dated back to his experiences as a seminarian at St Patrick's during the mid-1950s – particularly his schooling in history under Tomás Ó Fiaich – long before the ideological gestation suggested in the existing literature. There the emphases are on the wider evolution of nationalist politics in Northern Ireland during the mid-1960s, as opposed to Hume's early intellectual biography. Thus, a wider context to his influential thought is suggested, one supplied by a discourse on the concept of patriotism evolving amongst Ireland's Catholic intelligentsia during the 1950s, indicative of the modernization of Catholic thought on the island in the era preceding the convening of the Second Vatican Council in 1962. Yet the article also situates Hume's once-progressive mode of nationalist ideology within a much older tradition of Catholic loyalism in Ireland. The conspicuously Platonic dimension of his thinking is likewise observed, facilitating a conceptually driven exploration of the relationship between Hume's vision of his native walled city of Derry, and of that larger partitioned entity, Northern Ireland.
Tapeworm larvae in Artemia franciscana (Crustacea: Anostraca) in the Godolphin lakes of Dubai (United Arab Emirates) throughout an annual cycle
Authors: Sivakumar S. , Hyland K. , Schuster R.K. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractA total of 1840 brine shrimps (Artemia franciscana) were examined for cestode larvae at monthly intervals between November 2015 and June 2016. Of these, 663 (36.03%) specimens were infected with cysticercoids of seven cestode species in numbers between one and sixteen. During the first four months of examination, the percentage of infected shrimps was low but rose significantly with increasing temperatures in March, reaching maximum values in May. Flamingolepis liguloides and Flamingolepis flamingo showed the highest prevalence overall, at 25.3 and 10.7%, respectively. The intensity of infection was 1–10 and 1–4 cysticercoids, respectively. Eurycestus avoceti, Wardium stellorae, Gynandrotaenia stammeri, Anomotaenia tringae and Confluaria podicipina occurred at lower prevalence of 4.5, 3.2, 1.7, 0.3 and 0.05%, respectively. Up to four species were detected in one host.
Studying the result of underlay myringoplasty using platelet-rich plasma
Authors: Yadav S P S , Malik J S , Malik P , Sehgal P K , Gulia J S , Ranga R K 
Published: October 2018

AbstractObjectivePerforations of the tympanic membrane are treated with various surgical techniques and materials. This study aimed to determine the efficacy of platelet-rich plasma during underlay myringoplasty.MethodsThe study included 40 patients. Autologous platelet-rich plasma was applied in-between temporalis fascia graft and tympanic membrane remnant during underlay myringoplasty in group 1 (n = 20). The outcome was evaluated after three months and compared with group 2 (n = 20), a control group that underwent routine underlay tympanoplasty.ResultsAfter three months’ follow up, graft uptake was 95 per cent in group 1 and 85 per cent in group 2 (p < 0.03). Mean hearing threshold gain was 18.62 dB in group 1 and 13.15 dB in group 2. This difference was statistically significant (p < 0.01).ConclusionPlatelet-rich plasma, with its ease of preparation technique, availability, low cost, autologous nature and good graft uptake rate, justifies its use in tympanoplasty type I procedures.
The Unbearable Lightness of Being Retired
Authors: Silver Michelle Pannor 
Published: October 2018

RÉSUMÉDans cette étude qualitative, j’ai utilisé une approche fondée sur la gérontologie narrative pour examiner les perceptions liées à la retraite dans un groupe de 26 hommes et femmes qui ont pris leur retraite après un mandat de chef de la direction. Le guide d’entrevue a pris en compte la perspective du parcours de vie. Trois thèmes clés ont émergé : 1) l’importance de la productivité et du réseautage, alors que les participants gravissaient les échelons de l’entreprise ; 2) le sentiment d’avoir une date « meilleur avant » et d’avoir cédé aux pressions de la société en faveur de la retraite ; et 3) l’impression troublante de se sentir insignifiant à la retraite tout en ayant le désir de poursuivre l’épanouissement personnel en continuant à travailler contre rémunération. Après une carrière marquée par des réalisations pionnières, les participants ont éprouvé un sentiment insoutenable de légèreté lors de l’abandon des responsabilités professionnelles. Ces résultats mettent en lumière l’importance de la perspective de parcours de vie pour examiner la retraite à la fois comme une expérience personnelle et un phénomène social. Les résultats contribuent également à la compréhension théorique du vieillissement productif en illustrant comment les idées préconçues sur la productivité contrastent avec les aspirations associées à une retraite remplie de loisirs, d’une manière qui pourrait réduire les contributions à l’emploi de certaines personnes.
Bayesian spatial and spatio-temporal approaches to modelling dengue fever: a systematic review
Authors: Aswi A. , Cramb S. M. , Moraga P. , Mengersen K. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractDengue fever (DF) is one of the world's most disabling mosquito-borne diseases, with a variety of approaches available to model its spatial and temporal dynamics. This paper aims to identify and compare the different spatial and spatio-temporal Bayesian modelling methods that have been applied to DF and examine influential covariates that have been reportedly associated with the risk of DF. A systematic search was performed in December 2017, using Web of Science, Scopus, ScienceDirect, PubMed, ProQuest and Medline (via Ebscohost) electronic databases. The search was restricted to refereed journal articles published in English from January 2000 to November 2017. Thirty-one articles met the inclusion criteria. Using a modified quality assessment tool, the median quality score across studies was 14/16. The most popular Bayesian statistical approach to dengue modelling was a generalised linear mixed model with spatial random effects described by a conditional autoregressive prior. A limited number of studies included spatio-temporal random effects. Temperature and precipitation were shown to often influence the risk of dengue. Developing spatio-temporal random-effect models, considering other priors, using a dataset that covers an extended time period, and investigating other covariates would help to better understand and control DF transmission.
Intra-ooplasmic injection of a multiple number of sperm to induce androgenesis and polyploidy in the dojo loach Misgurnus anguillicaudatus (Teleostei: Cobitidae)
Authors: Yasui George Shigueki , Saito Taiju , Zhao Yan , Fujimoto Takafumi , Yamaha Etsuro , Arai Katsutoshi 
Published: October 2018

SummaryPolyspermy was initiated by microinjecting a multiple number of sperm into the activated and dechorionated eggs of dojo loach Misgurnus anguillicaudatus (Teleostei: Cobitidae). A 10-nl sperm suspension from an albino (recessive trait) male (105, 106, 107 or 108 sperm ml −1) was microinjected into eggs from a wild-type female. Although the rates of embryos developing into the blastula stage in the injection group at the highest sperm concentration were similar to that of the control group, the hatching rates of the injection group were much lower. A large proportion of embryos that developed from the injected eggs was haploid and were mosaics containing haploid cells. Most of the haploid and mosaic embryos inherited only paternally derived alleles in the microsatellite markers (i.e. androgenesis was initiated by injecting multiple sperm). In contrast, some haploid embryos contained both paternal and maternal alleles despite haploidy, suggesting that they were mosaics consisting of cells with either paternal or maternal inheritance. The injected eggs displayed diploid, hypotriploid and triploid cells, all of which included both maternally and paternally derived alleles. One albino tetraploid with only paternal alleles was also observed from the injected eggs. These results suggested that part of the sperm microinjected into the ooplasm should form a male pronucleus/pronuclei, which could develop by androgenesis or could fuse with the female pronucleus/pronuclei. Therefore, microinjection of multiple sperm should be considered a potential technique to induce androgenesis and polyploidy.
PEIRCE’S CALCULI FOR CLASSICAL PROPOSITIONAL LOGIC
Authors: MA MINGHUI , PIETARINEN AHTI-VEIKKO 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThis article investigates Charles Peirce’s development of logical calculi for classical propositional logic in 1880–1896. Peirce’s 1880 work on the algebra of logic resulted in a successful calculus for Boolean algebra. This calculus, denoted byPC, is here presented as a sequent calculus and not as a natural deduction system. It is shown that Peirce’s aim was to presentPCas a sequent calculus. The law of distributivity, which Peirce states in 1880, is proved using Peirce’s Rule, which is a residuation, inPC. The transitional systems of the algebra of the copula that Peirce develops since 1880 paved the way to the 1896 graphical system of the alpha graphs. It is shown how the rules of the alpha system reinterpret Boolean algebras, answering Peirce’s statement that logical graphs supply a new system of fundamental assumptions to logical algebra. A proof-theoretic analysis is given for the connection betweenPCand the alpha system.