bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adapting the Portuguese dignity question framework for adolescents: ages 10–18
Authors: Julião Miguel , Antunes Bárbara , Santos Ana , Sobral Maria Ana , Albuquerque Sara , Fareleira Filipa , Runa Daniela , Faria de Sousa Paulo , Chaves Petra , Gonçalves Célia , Soares Duarte , Chochinov Harvey Max 
Published: September 2019

AbstractObjectiveDignity therapy (DT) is well established in adult populations, and it is likely that it could benefit younger people. This study aimed to adapt the adult Portuguese DT question framework for adolescents (DT-QF-Adol) (ages 10–18).MethodFive stages were followed: (1) the Portuguese DT-QF for adults was adapted for adolescents with the original author's collaboration, (2) an expert committee provided feedback on the adapted version, (3) an initial consensus version of the DT-QF-Adol was created, (4) expert committee consult affirmed final consensus, and (5) validation stage with a sample of 17 adolescents followed in ambulatory psychology clinic.ResultsDT's original author endorsed the final Portuguese DT-QF-Adol, reinforcing that it captures the fundamental dimensions of DT. There was 100% agreement on the final consensus version and defined age group (10–18 years old). Twenty adolescents were invited to participate, and 17 were included after informed consent was obtained; 53% were female. The average age was 12.7 years. The interviewed adolescents reported that the DT-QF-Adol was clear, and they did not identify any ambiguity or difficulty in answering any of the questions. They assumed that this information could positively affect the way parents and friends see and cared for them, permitting others to understand their concerns and preferences. Participants felt that the DT-QF-Adol could be a good starting point for a conversation with their loved ones. Although they did not consider vital for health professionals to access their answers, they strongly felt that the DT-QF-Adol might be essential to sick adolescents and they would recommend it to others.Significance of resultsWe developed a DT-QF of nine questions for Portuguese adolescents (DT-QF-Adol), coined Protocolo de Perguntas da Terapia da Dignidade para Adolescentes — 10–18 anos. This tool can potentially be considered a good addition for pediatric palliative care.
Near-infrared light and tumor microenvironment dual responsive size-switchable nanocapsules for multimodal tumor theranostics
Authors: Wang Zhiyi , Ju Yanmin , Ali Zeeshan , Yin Hui , Sheng Fugeng , Lin Jian , Wang Baodui , Hou Yanglong 
Published: September 2019

AbstractSmart drug delivery systems (SDDSs) for cancer treatment are of considerable interest in the field of theranostics. However, developing SDDSs with early diagnostic capability, enhanced drug delivery and efficient biodegradability still remains a scientific challenge. Herein, we report near-infrared light and tumor microenvironment (TME), dual responsive as well as size-switchable nanocapsules. These nanocapsules are made of a PLGA-polymer matrix coated with Fe/FeO core-shell nanocrystals and co-loaded with chemotherapy drug and photothermal agent. Smartly engineered nanocapsules can not only shrink and decompose into small-sized nanodrugs upon drug release but also can regulate the TME to overproduce reactive oxygen species for enhanced synergistic therapy in tumors. In vivo experiments demonstrate that these nanocapsules can target to tumor sites through fluorescence/magnetic resonance imaging and offer remarkable therapeutic results. Our synthetic strategy provides a platform for next generation smart nanocapsules with enhanced permeability and retention effect, multimodal anticancer theranostics, and biodegradability.
Molecular basis of microhomology-mediated end-joining by purified full-length Polθ
Authors: Black Samuel J. , Ozdemir Ahmet Y. , Kashkina Ekaterina , Kent Tatiana , Rusanov Timur , Ristic Dejan , Shin Yeonoh , Suma Antonio , Hoang Trung , Chandramouly Gurushankar , Siddique Labiba A. , Borisonnik Nikita , Sullivan-Reed Katherine , Mallon Joseph S. , Skorski Tomasz , Carnevale Vincenzo , Murakami Katsuhiko S. , Wyman Claire , Pomerantz Richard T. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractDNA polymerase θ (Polθ) is a unique polymerase-helicase fusion protein that promotes microhomology-mediated end-joining (MMEJ) of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs). How full-length human Polθ performs MMEJ at the molecular level remains unknown. Using a biochemical approach, we find that the helicase is essential for Polθ MMEJ of long ssDNA overhangs which model resected DSBs. Remarkably, Polθ MMEJ of ssDNA overhangs requires polymerase-helicase attachment, but not the disordered central domain, and occurs independently of helicase ATPase activity. Using single-particle microscopy and biophysical methods, we find that polymerase-helicase attachment promotes multimeric gel-like Polθ complexes that facilitate DNA accumulation, DNA synapsis, and MMEJ. We further find that the central domain regulates Polθ multimerization and governs its DNA substrate requirements for MMEJ. These studies identify unexpected functions for the helicase and central domain and demonstrate the importance of polymerase-helicase tethering in MMEJ and the structural organization of Polθ.
Quantification of porosity in extensively nanoporous thin films in contact with gases and liquids
Authors: Shpigel Netanel , Sigalov Sergey , Malchik Fyodor , Levi Mikhael D. , Girshevitz Olga , Khalfin Rafail L. , Aurbach Doron 
Published: September 2019

AbstractNanoporous layers are widely spread in nature and among artificial devices. However, complex characterization of extensively nanoporous thin films showing porosity-dependent softening lacks consistency and reliability when using different analytical techniques. We introduce herein, a facile and precise method of such complex characterization by multi-harmonic QCM-D (Quartz Crystal Microbalance with Dissipation Monitoring) measurements performed both in the air and liquids (Au-Zn alloy was used as a typical example). The porosity values determined by QCM-D in air and different liquids are entirely consistent with that obtained from parallel RBS (Rutherford Backscattering Spectroscopy) and GISAXS (Grazing-Incidence Small-Angle Scattering) characterizations. This ensures precise quantification of the nanolayer porosity simultaneously with tracking their viscoelastic properties in liquids, significantly increasing sensitivity of the viscoelastic detection (viscoelastic contrast principle). Our approach is in high demand for quantifying potential-induced changes in nanoporous layers of complex architectures fabricated for various electrocatalytic energy storage and analytical devices.
The ALFA-tag is a highly versatile tool for nanobody-based bioscience applications
Authors: Götzke Hansjörg , Kilisch Markus , Martínez-Carranza Markel , Sograte-Idrissi Shama , Rajavel Abirami , Schlichthaerle Thomas , Engels Niklas , Jungmann Ralf , Stenmark Pål , Opazo Felipe , Frey Steffen 
Published: September 2019

AbstractSpecialized epitope tags are widely used for detecting, manipulating or purifying proteins, but often their versatility is limited. Here, we introduce the ALFA-tag, a rationally designed epitope tag that serves a remarkably broad spectrum of applications in life sciences while outperforming established tags like the HA-, FLAG®- or myc-tag. The ALFA-tag forms a small and stable α-helix that is functional irrespective of its position on the target protein in prokaryotic and eukaryotic hosts. We characterize a nanobody (NbALFA) binding ALFA-tagged proteins from native or fixed specimen with low picomolar affinity. It is ideally suited for super-resolution microscopy, immunoprecipitations and Western blotting, and also allows in vivo detection of proteins. We show the crystal structure of the complex that enabled us to design a nanobody mutant (NbALFAPE) that permits efficient one-step purifications of native ALFA-tagged proteins, complexes and even entire living cells using peptide elution under physiological conditions.
A bimodal soft electronic skin for tactile and touchless interaction in real time
Authors: Ge Jin , Wang Xu , Drack Michael , Volkov Oleksii , Liang Mo , Cañón Bermúdez Gilbert Santiago , Illing Rico , Wang Changan , Zhou Shengqiang , Fassbender Jürgen , Kaltenbrunner Martin , Makarov Denys 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe emergence of smart electronics, human friendly robotics and supplemented or virtual reality demands electronic skins with both tactile and touchless perceptions for the manipulation of real and virtual objects. Here, we realize bifunctional electronic skins equipped with a compliant magnetic microelectromechanical system able to transduce both tactile—via mechanical pressure—and touchless—via magnetic fields—stimulations simultaneously. The magnetic microelectromechanical system separates electric signals from tactile and touchless interactions into two different regions, allowing the electronic skins to unambiguously distinguish the two modes in real time. Besides, its inherent magnetic specificity overcomes the interference from non-relevant objects and enables signal-programmable interactions. Ultimately, the magnetic microelectromechanical system enables complex interplay with physical objects enhanced with virtual content data in augmented reality, robotics, and medical applications.
Tissue-resident memory CD8+ T cells amplify anti-tumor immunity by triggering antigen spreading through dendritic cells
Authors: Menares Evelyn , Gálvez-Cancino Felipe , Cáceres-Morgado Pablo , Ghorani Ehsan , López Ernesto , Díaz Ximena , Saavedra-Almarza Juan , Figueroa Diego A. , Roa Eduardo , Quezada Sergio A. , Lladser Alvaro 
Published: September 2019

AbstractTissue-resident memory CD8+ T (Trm) cells mediate potent local innate and adaptive immune responses and play a central role against solid tumors. However, whether Trm cells cross-talk with dendritic cells (DCs) to support anti-tumor immunity remains unclear. Here we show that antigen-specific activation of skin Trm cells leads to maturation and migration to draining lymph nodes of cross-presenting dermal DCs. Tumor rejection mediated by Trm cells triggers the spread of cytotoxic CD8+ T cell responses against tumor-derived neo- and self-antigens via dermal DCs. These responses suppress the growth of intradermal tumors and disseminated melanoma lacking the Trm cell-targeted epitope. Moreover, analysis of RNA sequencing data from human melanoma tumors reveals that enrichment of a Trm cell gene signature associates with DC activation and improved survival. This work unveils the ability of Trm cells to amplify the breath of cytotoxic CD8+ T cell responses through DCs, thereby strengthening anti-tumor immunity.
Direct imaging of structural disordering and heterogeneous dynamics of fullerene molecular liquid
Authors: Choe Jeongheon , Lee Yangjin , Park Jungwon , Kim Yunho , Kim Chae Un , Kim Kwanpyo 
Published: September 2019

AbstractStructural rearrangements govern the various properties of disordered systems and visualization of these dynamical processes can provide critical information on structural deformation and phase transformation of the systems. However, direct imaging of individual atoms or molecules in a disordered state is quite challenging. Here, we prepare a model molecular system of C70 molecules on graphene and directly visualize the structural and dynamical evolution using aberration-corrected transmission electron microscopy. E-beam irradiation stimulates dynamics of fullerene molecules, which results in the first-order like structural transformation from the molecular crystal to molecular liquid. The real-time tracking of individual molecules using an automatic molecular identification process elucidates the relaxation behavior of a stretched exponential functional form. Moreover, the directly observed heterogeneous dynamics bear similarity to the dynamical heterogeneity in supercooled liquids near the glass transition. Fullerenes on graphene can serve as a new model system, which allows investigation of molecular dynamics in disordered phases.
UVR8 disrupts stabilisation of PIF5 by COP1 to inhibit plant stem elongation in sunlight
Authors: Sharma Ashutosh , Sharma Bhavana , Hayes Scott , Kerner Konstantin , Hoecker Ute , Jenkins Gareth I. , Franklin Keara A. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractAlterations in light quality significantly affect plant growth and development. In canopy shade, phytochrome photoreceptors perceive reduced ratios of red to far-red light (R:FR) and initiate stem elongation to enable plants to overtop competitors. This shade avoidance response is achieved via the stabilisation and activation of PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTORs (PIFs) which elevate auxin biosynthesis. UV-B inhibits shade avoidance by reducing the abundance and activity of PIFs, yet the molecular mechanisms controlling PIF abundance in UV-B are unknown. Here we show that the UV-B photoreceptor UVR8 promotes rapid PIF5 degradation via the ubiquitin-proteasome system in a response requiring the N terminus of PIF5. In planta interactions between UVR8 and PIF5 are not observed. We further demonstrate that PIF5 interacts with the E3 ligase COP1, promoting PIF5 stabilisation in light-grown plants. Binding of UVR8 to COP1 in UV-B disrupts this stabilisation, providing a mechanism to rapidly lower PIF5 abundance in sunlight.
FIERY1 promotes microRNA accumulation by suppressing rRNA-derived small interfering RNAs in Arabidopsis
Authors: You Chenjiang , He Wenrong , Hang Runlai , Zhang Cuiju , Cao Xiaofeng , Guo Hongwei , Chen Xuemei , Cui Jie , Mo Beixin 
Published: September 2019

AbstractPlant microRNAs (miRNAs) associate with ARGONAUTE1 (AGO1) to direct post-transcriptional gene silencing and regulate numerous biological processes. Although AGO1 predominantly binds miRNAs in vivo, it also associates with endogenous small interfering RNAs (siRNAs). It is unclear whether the miRNA/siRNA balance affects miRNA activities. Here we report that FIERY1 (FRY1), which is involved in 5′−3′ RNA degradation, regulates miRNA abundance and function by suppressing the biogenesis of ribosomal RNA-derived siRNAs (risiRNAs). In mutants of FRY1 and the nuclear 5′−3′ exonuclease genes XRN2 and XRN3, we find that a large number of 21-nt risiRNAs are generated through an endogenous siRNA biogenesis pathway. The production of risiRNAs correlates with pre-rRNA processing defects in these mutants. We also show that these risiRNAs are loaded into AGO1, causing reduced loading of miRNAs. This study reveals a previously unknown link between rRNA processing and miRNA accumulation.
Photocatalytic water splitting by N-TiO2 on MgO (111) with exceptional quantum efficiencies at elevated temperatures
Authors: Li Yiyang , Peng Yung-Kang , Hu Liangsheng , Zheng Jianwei , Prabhakaran Dharmalingam , Wu Simson , Puchtler Timothy J. , Li Mo , Wong Kwok-Yin , Taylor Robert A. , Tsang Shik Chi Edman 
Published: September 2019

AbstractPhotocatalytic water splitting is attracting enormous interest for the storage of solar energy but no practical method has yet been identified. In the past decades, various systems have been developed but most of them suffer from low activities, a narrow range of absorption and poor quantum efficiencies (Q.E.) due to fast recombination of charge carriers. Here we report a dramatic suppression of electron-hole pair recombination on the surface of N-doped TiO2 based nanocatalysts under enhanced concentrations of H+ and OH−, and local electric field polarization of a MgO (111) support during photolysis of water at elevated temperatures. Thus, a broad optical absorption is seen, producing O2 and H2 in a 1:2 molar ratio with a H2 evolution rate of over 11,000 μmol g−1 h−1 without any sacrificial reagents at 270 °C. An exceptional range of Q.E. from 81.8% at 437 nm to 3.2% at 1000 nm is also reported.
Ecological changes over 90 years at Low Isles on the Great Barrier Reef
Authors: Fine Maoz , Hoegh-Guldberg Ove , Meroz-Fine Efrat , Dove Sophie 
Published: September 2019

AbstractCoral reefs are under increasing stress from local and global factors. Long-term perspectives are becoming increasingly important for understanding ecosystem responses. Here, we provide insights from a 91-year study of the Low Isles on the northern Great Barrier Reef (GBR) that begins with the pioneering Great Barrier Reef Expedition (1928-29). We show that intertidal communities have experienced major phase-shifts since 1928, with few signs of a return to the initial state. Coral communities demolished by cyclones 50 years ago and exposed to multiple stressors have yet to recover. Richness and diversity of these communities systematically declined for corals and other invertebrates. Specifically, massive corals have replaced branching corals, and soft corals have become much more numerous. The long-term perspective of this study illustrates the importance of considering multiple factors in reef decline, and potential recovery, of coral reefs, and the importance of tracking changes in community structure as well as coral abundance over long periods.
CXCR5+PD-1+ follicular helper CD8 T cells control B cell tolerance
Authors: Chen Yuhong , Yu Mei , Zheng Yongwei , Fu Guoping , Xin Gang , Zhu Wen , Luo Lan , Burns Robert , Li Quan-Zhen , Dent Alexander L. , Zhu Nan , Cui Weiguo , Malherbe Laurent , Wen Renren , Wang Demin 
Published: September 2019

AbstractMany autoimmune diseases are characterized by the production of autoantibodies. The current view is that CD4+ T follicular helper (Tfh) cells are the main subset regulating autoreactive B cells. Here we report a CXCR5+PD1+ Tfh subset of CD8+ T cells whose development and function are negatively modulated by Stat5. These CD8+ Tfh cells regulate the germinal center B cell response and control autoantibody production, as deficiency of Stat5 in CD8 T cells leads to an increase of CD8+ Tfh cells, resulting in the breakdown of B cell tolerance and concomitant autoantibody production. CD8+ Tfh cells share similar gene signatures with CD4+ Tfh, and require CD40L/CD40 and TCR/MHCI interactions to deliver help to B cells. Our study thus highlights the diversity of follicular T cell subsets that contribute to the breakdown of B-cell tolerance.
A universal standardized method for output capability assessment of nanogenerators
Authors: Xia Xin , Fu Jingjing , Zi Yunlong 
Published: September 2019

AbstractTo quantitatively evaluate the output performance of triboelectric nanogenerators, figures of merit have been developed. However, the current figures of merit, without considering the breakdown effect that seriously affects the effective maximized energy output, are limited for application. Meanwhile, a method to evaluate output capability of nanogenerators is needed. Here, a standardized method that considers the breakdown effect is proposed for output capability assessment of nanogenerators. Contact separation and contact freestanding-triboelectric-layer modes triboelectric nanogenerators are used to demonstrate this method, and the effective maximized energy output and revised figures of merit are calculated based on the experimental results. These results are consistent with those theoretically calculated based on Paschen’s law. This method is also conducted to evaluate a film-based piezoelectric nanogenerator, demonstrating its universal applicability for nanogenerators. This study proposes a standardized method for evaluating the effective output capability of nanogenerators, which is crucial for standardized evaluation and application of nanogenerator technologies.
De novo transcriptomes of 14 gammarid individuals for proteogenomic analysis of seven taxonomic groups
Authors: Cogne Yannick , Degli-Esposti Davide , Pible Olivier , Gouveia Duarte , François Adeline , Bouchez Olivier , Eché Camille , Ford Alex , Geffard Olivier , Armengaud Jean , Chaumot Arnaud , Almunia Christine 
Published: September 2019

AbstractGammarids are amphipods found worldwide distributed in fresh and marine waters. They play an important role in aquatic ecosystems and are well established sentinel species in ecotoxicology. In this study, we sequenced the transcriptomes of a male individual and a female individual for seven different taxonomic groups belonging to the two genera Gammarus and Echinogammarus: Gammarus fossarum A, G. fossarum B, G. fossarum C, Gammarus wautieri, Gammarus pulex, Echinogammarus berilloni, and Echinogammarus marinus. These taxa were chosen to explore the molecular diversity of transcribed genes of genotyped individuals from these groups. Transcriptomes were de novo assembled and annotated. High-quality assembly was confirmed by BUSCO comparison against the Arthropod dataset. The 14 RNA-Seq-derived protein sequence databases proposed here will be a significant resource for proteogenomics studies of these ecotoxicologically relevant non-model organisms. These transcriptomes represent reliable reference sequences for whole-transcriptome and proteome studies on other gammarids, for primer design to clone specific genes or monitor their specific expression, and for analyses of molecular differences between gammarid species.
Distinct classes and subclasses of antibodies to hemolysin co-regulated protein 1 and O-polysaccharide and correlation with clinical characteristics of melioidosis patients
Authors: Pumpuang Apinya , Phunpang Rungnapa , Ekchariyawat Peeraya , Dulsuk Adul , Loupha Siriorn , Kwawong Kochnipa , Charoensawat Yaowaree , Thiansukhon Ekkachai , Day Nicholas P. J. , Burtnick Mary N. , Brett Paul J. , West T. Eoin , Chantratita Narisara 
Published: September 2019

AbstractMelioidosis is a tropical infectious disease caused byBurkholderia pseudomalleithat results in high mortality. Hemolysin co-regulated protein 1 (Hcp1) and O-polysaccharide (OPS) are vaccine candidates and potential diagnostic antigens. The correlation of classes/subclasses of antibodies against these antigens with clinical characteristics of melioidosis patients is unknown. Antibodies in plasma samples from melioidosis patients and healthy donors were quantified by ELISA and compared with clinical features. In melioidosis patients, Hcp1 induced high IgG levels. OPS induced high IgG and IgA levels. The area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROCC) to discriminate melioidosis cases from healthy donors was highest for anti-Hcp1 IgG (0.92) compared to anti-Hcp1 IgA or IgM. In contrast, AUROCC for anti-OPS for IgG (0.91) and IgA (0.92) were comparable. Anti-Hcp1 IgG1 and anti-OPS IgG2 had the greatest AUROCCs (0.87 and 0.95, respectively) compared to other IgG subclasses for each antigen. Survivors had significantly higher anti-Hcp1 IgG3 levels than non-survivors. Male melioidosis patients with diabetes had higher anti-OPS IgA levels than males without diabetes. Thus, diverse and specific antibody responses are associated with distinct clinical characteristics in melioidosis, confirming the diagnostic utility of these responses and providing new insights into immune mechanisms.