bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perfect foresight portfolios on the Johannesburg stock exchange
Authors: Van der Merwe R. , Krige J. D. 
Published: April 2018

The main aim of this study was to determine the effect of unanticipated information, or noise, on the returns of cap-weighted portfolios in various segments of the JSE for the period 1995 to 2014. According to Fuller, Han and Tung (2012), all investors in a segment would gain maximum alpha from a portfolio weighted by ex post market capitalisation – in other words, a ‘perfect foresight’ (PF) portfolio. The PF portfolio is a buy-and-hold portfolio of all shares in a particular segment with weights at the beginning of the return period set to be proportional to the market capitalisation of the shares at the end of the return period. The excess return of the PF portfolio over the benchmark portfolio therefore is an estimate of the effect of unanticipated information on the return of the benchmark portfolio. It provides an estimate of the maximum annual amount of available alpha to all investors involved in that segment in a given year. In this study, the returns of PF portfolios were compared with the All Share, Large Cap, Mid Cap and Small Cap segments of the JSE. Intuitively, information to guide decisions on portfolio weighting would be more valuable and deliver more profit when the cross-sectional standard deviation of share returns is high. Therefore a secondary aim was to investigate the correlation between cross-sectional standard deviation and PF excess return. It was found that a strong positive correlation (more than 90%) existed between cross-sectional standard deviation and PF excess return in all segments. In ascending order of annual PF excess return and average cross-sectional standard deviation the results for the segments were: Large Cap (8% and 29%), All Share (9% and 32%), Mid Cap (13% and 36%) and Small Cap (17% and 43%).
The Global Streamflow Indices and Metadata Archive (GSIM) – Part 1: The production of a daily streamflow archive and metadata
Authors: Do Hong Xuan , Gudmundsson Lukas , Leonard Michael , Westra Seth 
Published: April 2018

Abstract. This is the first part of a two-paper series presenting the Global Streamflow Indices and Metadata archive (GSIM), a worldwide collection of metadata and indices derived from more than 35 000 daily streamflow time series. This paper focuses on the compilation of the daily streamflow time series based on 12 free-to-access streamflow databases (seven national databases and five international collections). It also describes the development of three metadata products (freely available at https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.887477): (1) a GSIM catalogue collating basic metadata associated with each time series, (2) catchment boundaries for the contributing area of each gauge, and (3) catchment metadata extracted from 12 gridded global data products representing essential properties such as land cover type, soil type, and climate and topographic characteristics. The quality of the delineated catchment boundary is also made available and should be consulted in GSIM application. The second paper in the series then explores production and analysis of streamflow indices. Having collated an unprecedented number of stations and associated metadata, GSIM can be used to advance large-scale hydrological research and improve understanding of the global water cycle.
LODO DE ESGOTO TRATADO NA COMPOSIÇÃO DE SUBSTRATO PARA PRODUÇÃO DE MUDAS DE Lafoensia glyptocarpa
Authors: Siqueira David Pessanha , Weiss de Carvalho Giovanna Campos Mamede , Barroso Deborah Guerra , Marciano Cláudio Roberto 
Published: April 2018

Buscando-se alternativas para a melhor destinação deste resíduo e para o suprimento da crescente demanda por mudas nativas, este trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar o uso do lodo tratado na composição de substrato para produção de mudas de mirindiba-rosa. Foram avaliadas características biométricas e fisiológicas das mudas e a qualidade do torrão formado. Para tratamento do lodo, foi feita aplicação de cal a 15% do peso seco do resíduo, sendo testadas as proporções de lodo de esgoto tratado de 25, 50 e 75%, associadas ao substrato comercial, e 100% de lodo de esgoto tratado. O tratamento com 100% de substrato comercial foi considerado como controle. O experimento foi conduzido em delineamento inteiramente casualizado (DIC), os dados foram submetidos a ANOVA, e as diferenças foram comparadas pelo teste de Tukey a 5%. Os melhores resultados foram observados nas mudas produzidas em substratos com lodo de esgoto tratado em relação ao substrato comercial puro. Recomenda-se, para essa espécie, proporções entre 25 e 100% de lodo de esgoto tratado em substrato comercial.
MODELING OF FORWARDER PRODUCTIVITY AND COSTS IN THINNED PINE STANDS
Authors: Rodrigues Carla Krulikowski , Lopes Eduardo Da Silva , Filho Afonso Figueiredo , Da Silva Matheus Kaminski Cândido 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe aim of this study was to assess the influence of some operational variables on the forwarder productivity and production cost in thinned Pinus taeda L. stands by means of mathematical modeling. This study was carried out in a forest company located at Quedas do Iguaçu, state of Paraná, Brazil. Two stands at 9 and 10 years old from sites with high productivity and similar soil and relief features were studied. A time-motion study was applied to determine the operational cycle time, operational efficiency, productivity, and production costs. By means of mathematical modeling, we verified the influence of the variables: age of stand; cycle time; load volume; and extraction distance on the forwarder productivity and production costs. Models were fitted for estimating the forwarder productivity using cycle time, load volume, and extraction distance. Thus, we obtained the determination adjusted coefficients of 0.88 and 0.94, with an estimate standard error between 6.9% and 13.5%. Models for estimating production cost through the load volume variable presented a determination coefficient of 0.64 and 0.86, with an estimate standard error of 23.1% and 26.7%. Such results have shown the possibility of using mathematical models to estimate the performance of forest machines as a tool for planning the timber harvesting operations.
“Knocked Out!” Marketing the Philadelphia Quakers
Authors: Rhee Yong Chae , Wong John 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
The Philadelphia Quakers franchise, a National Hockey League (NHL) team in 1930, lasted only for one season. We argue in this paper that the failure of the franchise can be explained, in part, by the team’s marketing approach. This paper attempts to address how and why the franchise came to close its doors in a year by investigating the marketing strategies and tactics for the team of its manager Benny Leonard, a successful former professional boxer. First, the paper begins with a discussion on the marketing of a professional sport team and the four major approaches used in sales and marketing of a sport franchise and concludes that relationship marketing is of great importance in marketing a sport franchise. Then, the paper presents the historical evidence of Quakers’ marketing efforts in Philadelphia. Specifically, we examine how and why Leonard relied heavily on a product-oriented approach in a city with a new NHL franchise and used his fame to market the franchise instead of building a relationship with the city and its citizens.
Feasibility of Multipoint Press with Continuously Divisional Forming for Double Curvature Plates in Shipbuilding
Authors: Hwang Se-Yun , Lee Jang-Hyun 
Published: April 2018

This article introduces a mechanical forming technique using a set of multipoint press forming (MPF) steps to obtain a curved hull plate. Given only the geometry of the desired surface, the integrated MPF system can generate the punch strokes required by various geometries of hull surfaces without the need for solid dies. The divisional MPF-forming technique can form double-curvature surfaces since the discrete die surface is constructed by changing the strokes of the double-sided reconfigurable multiple presses. The spring-back phenomena after unloading can be successfully compensated for by a combination of finite element analysis (FEA) and the displacement adjustment method. The deformation history of a moving plate on each division was simulated while carefully considering the movement toward a contacting boundary. The displacement adjustment iterates the calculation of punch strokes based on the deformed geometry simulated by FEA, which was used to simulate the spring-back of the plate. The strokes are determined by an iterative process of sequential pressing. A nonlinear shell element was used to deal with the elasto-plastic state and contact problems at the tool-metal interfaces. The appropriate stroke is calculated for each punch for both the initial and corrective forming processes. Experiments were performed to validate the configuration of the spring-back compensation, divisional forming and the integrated system. The predicted punch stroke in the displacement adjustment shows good agreement with the experimental results.

1. Introduction
The bow and stern sections of a ship have double-curvature surfaces, whereas the parallel midship section is characterized by flat and cylindrical plates. Double-curvature surfaces are currently formed using the line heating method, in which the forming quality and geometrical precision depend on the thermal elasto-plastic deformation behavior. Gas-flame and high-frequency induction heating have been successfully used to provide the heat needed for thermal bending (Shin et al. 2003; Shin & Lee 2002; Nomoto et al. 1990; Jang et al. 2002). However, it is difficult to control the residual deformation of thermal bending because it is not easy to control the plastic strain distribution, which is coupled with the heat input.
Optimum Design of Lug Arrangement Based on Static and Dynamic Analyses for Block Lifting
Authors: Lee Sung-Min , Roh Myung-II , Kim Ki-Su , Ham Seung-Ho 
Published: April 2018

In a shipyard, special equipment called lugs are used for lifting blocks by using a crane. During lifting, the motions of the crane and the block are determined by the lug arrangement. In this study, a method for the lug arrangement is proposed to achieve safe block lifting. For this, an optimization problem for the lug arrangement is mathematically formulated and solved by using the multiobjective genetic algorithm. Static and dynamic motion analyses are then introduced to calculate the block motion. To check the applicability of the proposed method, it is applied to examples of the lug arrangement in a shipyard.

1. Introduction
When constructing a ship or an offshore structure, many blocks or modules are routinely transported and lifted to be assembled in the shipyard. Recently, these blocks have become more complicated and larger than in the past, in order to improve productivity. For this reason, shipyards are now equipped with lifting processes that operate more sophisticated and heavier blocks. Figure 1 shows the procedure of the lifting process.
This process is executed in the order of hoisting, moving, and lowering. To perform the lifting process for heavy blocks, a range of equipment is used. Among them, a gantry crane (or Goliath crane) is one of the main types of equipment used for lifting the blocks from the preerection area to the dock or to a specific position. The gantry crane consists of several types of subequipment (Roh & Lee 2010).
Figure 2 shows the lifting system including a gantry crane, its subequipment, and a block. special subequipment called lugs are attached to the block and the lugs act as an interaction point between the block and the crane. A hook is connected to the lug with a sling wire, and the sling wire transmits tension acting on a block loader. The block loader distributes the tension evenly on sling wires and moving sheaves (simply and sheaves). The main wire transmits tension acting on a trolley. The trolley holds the block loader and moves along the crane. in general, the gantry crane has three block loaders and each block loader has 14 sheaves.
Structural and Stratigraphic Control on Salient and Recess Development Along a Thrust Belt Front: The Northern Apennines (Po Plain, Italy)
Authors: Livani Michele , Scrocca Davide , Arecco Paola , Doglioni Carlo 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe external part of the Northern Apennines accretionary wedge in northern Italy is buried beneath its fast subsiding and asymmetric foreland basin in the Po Plain. It is characterized by a diffused noncylindrical geometry resulting in salients and recesses in the study area, namely, the Cremona salient, the Parma recess, and the Ferrara salient. The interpretation of borehole and seismic reflection data suggests that the thrust belt is characterized by thin‐skinned tectonic style. Two main décollement levels have been identified: a basal décollement located in the Upper Carnian units (San Giovanni Bianco Clay and Raibl Group) and a shallow décollement located in the late Eocene‐Oligocene formations (Gallare Marls). The décollement surfaces dip SSW toward the hinterland of the accretionary prism, parallel to the steep (>10°) regional monocline. The geometry of the seismically active Northern Apennines system of salients and recesses is essentially controlled by the interplay of two factors: (i) the lateral facies variations of the stratigraphic units hosting and controlling the location and depth of the décollement levels and (ii) the slope of the basal décollement. Salients occur where, due to the inherited variable stratigraphy of the Mesozoic‐Cenozoic Tethyan passive margin, the shaly formations hosting the two décollements are well developed allowing larger forward propagation of the thrust wedge. Recesses are instead associated to erosional‐nondepositional areas. Moreover, salients are more pronounced where the flexural behavior of the Adriatic subducting slab has generated a steeper geometry of the foreland monocline and consequently of the basal décollement.
Catalysis of transthiolacylation in the active centers of dihydrolipoamide acyltransacetylase components of 2‐oxo acid dehydrogenase complexes
Authors: Chakraborty Joydeep , Nemeria Natalia S. , Farinas Edgardo , Jordan Frank 
Published: April 2018

The Escherichia coli 2‐oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex (OGDHc) comprises multiple copies of three enzymes—E1o, E2o, and E3—and transthioesterification takes place within the catalytic domain of E2o. The succinyl group from the thiol ester of S8‐succinyldihydrolipoyl‐E2o is transferred to the thiol group of coenzyme A (CoA), forming the all‐important succinyl‐CoA. Here, we report mechanistic studies of enzymatic transthioesterification on OGDHc. Evidence is provided for the importance of His375 and Asp374 in E2o for the succinyl transfer reaction. The magnitude of the rate acceleration provided by these residues (54‐fold from each with alanine substitution) suggests a role in stabilization of the symmetrical tetrahedral oxyanionic intermediate by formation of two hydrogen bonds, rather than in acid–base catalysis. Further evidence ruling out a role in acid–base catalysis is provided by site‐saturation mutagenesis studies at His375 (His375Trp substitution with little penalty) and substitutions to other potential hydrogen bond participants at Asp374. Taking into account that the rate constant for reductive succinylation of the E2o lipoyl domain (LDo) by E1o and 2‐oxoglutarate (99 s−1) was approximately twofold larger than the rate constant for kcat of 48 s−1 for the overall reaction (NADH production), it could be concluded that succinyl transfer to CoA and release of succinyl‐CoA, rather than reductive succinylation, is the rate‐limiting step. The results suggest a revised mechanism of catalysis for acyl transfer in the superfamily of 2‐oxo acid dehydrogenase complexes, thus provide fundamental information regarding acyl‐CoA formation, so important for several biological processes including post‐translational succinylation of protein lysines.Enzymes2‐oxoglutarate dehydrogenase (EC 1.2.4.2); dihydrolipoamide succinyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.61); dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase (EC 1.8.1.4); pyruvate dehydrogenase (EC 1.2.4.1); dihydrolipoamide acetyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.12).
Application of Life Cycle Assessment to Green Chemistry Objectives
Authors: Swarr Thomas E. , Cespi Daniele , Fava James , Nuss Philip 
Published: April 2018

The sections in this article areIntroductionSubstitution of Safer ChemicalsMissing Inventory Data and Characterization FactorsLinkingLCAand Chemical RiskDesign Material and Energy‐Efficient ProcessesIntroductionSystem Boundaries and Design GuidanceImpact Categories and Green MetricsPolicy ImplicationsPromote Renewable Materials and EnergyIntroductionGlycerol Case StudyBiochemicals ProductionLife Cycle Stages of Biochemical ProductionEnvironmental Implications of Biomass ProductionCarbon Accounting and Land Use ChangeGlobal Availability of Arable LandConclusion and Recommendations
Cosmo‐RS‐Assisted Solvent Screening for Green Extraction of Natural Products
Authors: Sicaire Anne‐Gaëlle , Filly Aurore , Vian Maryline , Fabiano‐Tixier Anne‐Sylvie , Chemat Farid 
Published: April 2018

AbstractCurrently, most of solvents used in industry are derived from petroleum resources. In the current context of sustainable development, environmental protection, and under the pressure of new regulations, the research and the use of more environment‐friendly solvents have become of interest in many application sectors, especially in extraction. For the substitution, various parameters have to be taken into account, for example, the solvation power. In the research of new solvents, tools asCOSMO‐RSappear to be very useful and permit to get a first idea on the potential of a solvent for the extraction of various compounds. This chapter gives first general information on solvents for extraction as well as a panorama of alternative solvents available on the market. It also focuses onCOSMO‐RSapproach and on the application ofCOSMO‐RSas decision tool for the substitution of hexane in the extraction of oil and aromas.
Supramolecular Catalysis as a Tool for Green Chemistry
Authors: Hastings Courtney J. 
Published: April 2018

The sections in this article areIntroductionControl of Selectivity through Supramolecular InteractionsCatalysis with Supramolecular Directing GroupsScaffolding LigandsSelectivity through Confinement and Binding EffectsReactions in WaterWater‐Soluble NanoreactorsDehydration ReactionsCatalyst/Reagent ProtectionCatalyst ProtectionProtection of Water‐Sensitive ReagentsTandem ReactionsSynthetic Tandem ReactionsChemoenzymatic Tandem ReactionsConclusion
A Tutorial of the Inverse Molecular Design Theory in Tight‐Binding Frameworks and Its Applications
Authors: Xiao Dequan , Hu Rui 
Published: April 2018

AbstractIn this chapter, we provide a summary on the inverse molecular design theory in tight‐binding frameworks and on how to use a web‐service program for performing inverse molecular design for materials discovery. The web‐service program is provided online at the Web site ofchemistry‐hpc.newhaven.edu/tbimd.php. The chapter is divided into four parts. First, we introduce the inverse molecular design (IMD) theory in tight‐binding (TB) frameworks. Second, we show how to prepare 2Dand 3Dmolecular framework as one of the key inputs for the inverse molecular design program. Third, we show how to choose optional atom types or functional groups based on the defined molecular framework. Fourth, we provide a few examples for optimizing molecular properties using the inverse molecular design program.
Shaping the Future of Additive Manufacturing: Twelve Themes from Bio‐Inspired Design and Green Chemistry
Authors: McKeag Thomas A. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractTwo recent paradigms applied in the field of sustainability are green chemistry (GC) and bio‐inspired design (BID). Both of these memes are growing in acceptance and practice and have been applied to a range of design and material innovations. One area where the application of these concepts may be more fruitful is additive manufacturing (AM). In this chapter we discuss trends inAM, the confluence of principles ofGCandBID, and propose twelve themes based on these principles that could shape the development of this field of manufacturing and material use.
Patient‐Specific Bioinks for 3D Bioprinting of Tissue Engineering Scaffolds
Authors: Faramarzi Negar , Yazdi Iman K. , Nabavinia Mahboubeh , Gemma Andrea , Fanelli Adele , Caizzone Andrea , Ptaszek Leon M. , Sinha Indranil , Khademhosseini Ali , Ruskin Jeremy N. , Tamayol Ali 
Published: April 2018

AbstractBioprinting has emerged as a promising tool in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Various 3D printing strategies have been developed to enable bioprinting of various biopolymers and hydrogels. However, the incorporation of biological factors has not been well explored. As the importance of personalized medicine is becoming more clear, the need for the development of bioinks containing autologous/patient‐specific biological factors for tissue engineering applications becomes more evident. Platelet‐rich plasma (PRP) is used as a patient‐specific source of autologous growth factors that can be easily incorporated to hydrogels and printed into 3D constructs. PRP contains a cocktail of growth factors enhancing angiogenesis, stem cell recruitment, and tissue regeneration. Here, the development of an alginate‐based bioink that can be printed and crosslinked upon implantation through exposure to native calcium ions is reported. This platform can be used for the controlled release of PRP‐associated growth factors which may ultimately enhance vascularization and stem cell migration.
Interference‐Enhanced Broadband Absorption of Monolayer MoS2 on Sub‐100 nm Thick SiO2/Si Substrates: Reflection and Transmission Phase Changes at Interfaces
Authors: Kim Eunah , Cho Jin‐Woo , Kim Bo Ra , Nguyen Trang Thi Thu , Nam Yoon‐Ho , Kim Sun‐Kyung , Yoon Seokhyun , Kim Yong Soo , Lee Jung‐Ho , Kim Dong‐Wook 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe optical characteristics of MoS2 monolayers on SiO2/Si substrates with an SiO2 thickness ranging from 40 to 130 nm are investigated. The measured Raman and optical reflection spectra of the MoS2 monolayers vary considerably depending on the SiO2 thickness. The Raman peak intensity of the MoS2 monolayer on the substrate with an 80 nm thick SiO2 layer is four times larger than those in the cases of 40‐ and 130 nm thick SiO2 layers, indicating a significant difference in the absorption at the excitation wavelength. The incident light undergoes anomalous phase changes upon reflection and transmission at the highly absorbing MoS2/nonabsorbing SiO2 or air interfaces. The phase changes at these interfaces in conjunction with those induced by the propagation of light in the SiO2 layer cause complex interference, which dramatically tunes the absorption spectrum of the MoS2 layer with changing SiO2 thickness. Neither wavelength nor the incident angle of light strongly affects the interface phase change. Thus, the MoS2 monolayers on sub‐100 nm thick SiO2/Si substrates exhibit broadband omnidirectional absorption in the visible range. This work demonstrates that SiO2/Si wafers, which are the most popular substrates, allow the optical responses of MoS2 monolayers to be optimized for optoelectronic applications.