bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Perennial Illusion? Wittgenstein, Quentin Skinner's Contextualism and the Possibility of Refuting Past Philosophers
Authors: Beaumont Tim 
Published: February 2018

AbstractContemporary philosophers often purport to ‘borrow’ or ‘refute’ claims made by past philosophers. In doing so they contravene a contextualist methodological prohibition once defended by Quentin Skinner in his seminal paper “Meaning and Understanding in the History of Ideas”. Skinner's methodology has been much debated by theorists of textual meaning and interpretation, and yet the precise nature of the logical path from his premises to his prohibitory conclusion remains elusive. This paper seeks to refute two of the most promising variants of an argument for his methodological prohibition on ‘refutation’, one of which draws on his appeal to Wittgenstein's conception of ‘meaning as use’, and the other of which draws on his appeal to speech act theory.
Quality of life and its contributing factors in an elderly community‐dwelling population in Shanghai, China
Authors: Shou Juan , Du Zhaohui , Wang Haitang , Ren Limin , Liu Yao , Zhu Shanzhu 
Published: February 2018

BackgroundWe aimed to investigate the relationship between quality of life and the factors that may influence it in an elderly community‐dwelling population in Shanghai.MethodsFrom August to October 2014, elderly individuals were enrolled from three randomly selected communities in Shanghai. Participant information was collected from responses to a general questionnaire and to the Lubben Social Network Scale‐6, Cumulative Illness Rating Scale for Geriatrics, Patient Health Questionnaire, and the 12‐item Short Form Health Survey. The factors influencing quality of life were explored in a multivariate stepwise linear regression model.ResultsPhysical and mental component summary scores for the elderly in Shanghai communities were 50.1 ± 10.1 and 47.3 ± 7.9, respectively. Physical component summary scores in the rural area were higher than those in the urban–rural intersection area (a place where urban and rural transitions are taking place) (52.32 ± 9.81 vs 49.63 ± 9.33, P < 0.05) and the urban area (52.32 ± 9.81 vs 47.34 ± 10.18, P < 0.05). Additionally, mental component summary scores in the rural area were higher than those in the urban–rural intersection area (52.63 ± 9.28 vs 48.43 ± 9.42, P < 0.05) and the urban area (52.63 ± 9.28 vs 48.13 ± 10.69, P < 0.05).ConclusionsDepression, self‐care ability, and medical care burden were found to be significantly associated with the quality of life of elderly individuals in Shanghai, China. Therefore, more attention should be paid to the mental health of this elderly population.
Triple test, a diagnostic observation, can detect cognitive impairment in older adults
Authors: Isik Ahmet T. , Soysal Pinar , Kaya Derya , Usarel Cansu 
Published: February 2018

BackgroundA simple, quick, and efficient screening tool for detecting mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is essential, especially in the primary care setting. In this study, we examined the neuropsychological profiles of elderly patients and aimed to assess the diagnostic value of the triple test, comprised of the attended alone sign (AAS), head‐turning sign, and applause sign (AS), for detecting MCI and AD.MethodComprehensive geriatric assessment was performed in 354 elderly outpatients, and the presence or absence of AS, AAS and HTS was investigated.ResultsOf the 354 patients, 93 patients were considered to be cognitively impaired (MCI: 30; AD: 63); the remaining 261 were cognitively healthy. Relative to those without AS, patients with AS had significantly lower scores on the Mini–Mental State Examination, the clock‐drawing test, Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale, and Basic Activities of Daily Living Scale (P < 0.001, for each). Similar significant differences were found between patients who were positive and negative for the HTS (P < 0.001) and between those who attended the clinic alone and those who were accompanied (P < 0.001). The sensitivity of the triple test for identifying cognitively impairment (CI), MCI, and AD was 0.61, 0.30, and 0.72, respectively; the specificity was 0.85, 0.68, and 0.83, respectively; and the positive and negative predictive values were 0.69, 0.09, and 0.59, respectively, and 0.79, 0.90, and 0.89, respectively.ConclusionsThe present study suggests that the triple test is a simple, quick, and efficient screening tool for detecting cognitive impairment, and the results may reflect deterioration in patients’ activities of daily living. Additionally, it could be advantageous in clinical practice because educational level does not affect the test outcome. Therefore, it may be an appropriate test to screen for cognitive impairment in the elderly, both as a bedside diagnostic test and in daily clinical practice, especially in the primary care setting.
Development of the Japanese version of the Quality of Life in Late‐stage Dementia Scale
Authors: Nagata Yuma , Tanaka Hiroyuki , Ishimaru Daiki , Uematsu Masayasu , Naito Yasuo , Nishikawa Takashi 
Published: February 2018

AimUntil now, there has been no instrument to measure the quality of life (QoL) of patients with severe dementia in Japan. The purpose of this study was to translate the Quality of Life in Late‐stage Dementia Scale and to evaluate the reliability and validity of the Japanese version (QUALID‐J).MethodsWe translated the Quality of Life in Late‐stage Dementia into Japanese with permission from the original authors. We assessed a total of 70 dementia patients (14 men, 56 women; mean age: 87.4 ± 7.9 years) with the QUALID‐J.ResultsThe test–retest and inter‐rater reliability of the QUALID‐J was significant. With regard to the criterion‐related validity, the correlation coefficient for the total score between the QUALID‐J and Quality of Life for Alzheimer’s Disease was −0.287 (P < 0.05). With regard to the construct validity, the QUALID‐J total score was significantly correlated with the Mini‐Mental State Examination (ρ = −0.346, P < 0.01), the Cognitive Test for Severe Dementia (ρ = −0.323, P < 0.01), the Neuropsychiatry Inventory‐Nursing Home version (ρ = 0.386, P < 0.01), the Cornell Scale for Depression in Dementia (ρ = 0.262, P < 0.05), the Physical Self‐Maintenance Scale (ρ = −0.283, P < 0.05), and the Pain Assessment in Advanced Dementia (ρ = 0.530, P < 0.01).ConclusionThe results of this study showed that the QUALID‐J is a reliable and valid quality of life scale for severe dementia. This scale finally enables an adequate assessment of the quality of life of patients with severe dementia in Japan, which has not been possible until now.
Cultural Marxism: A survey
Authors: Jamin Jérôme 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThis paper examines Cultural Marxism as a regular theory in social sciences with its own history, and as a global conspiracy theory. It tries to locate and identify the exact moment the theory changed itself from a regular and well‐known knowledge in the field of cultural studies towards a key element used in multiple books and articles to explain the so‐called destruction of Western traditions and values. This paper also scrutinizes various usages of this conspiracy theory in politics, which is found more commonly within radical groups' speeches, rather than in mainstream conservative rhetoric's.
The Unforeseen Consequences of Interacting With Non‐Native Speakers
Authors: Lev‐Ari Shiri , Ho Emily , Keysar Boaz 
Published: February 2018

AbstractSociolinguistic research shows that listeners' expectations of speakers influence their interpretation of the speech, yet this is often ignored in cognitive models of language comprehension. Here, we focus on the case of interactions between native and non‐native speakers. Previous literature shows that listeners process the language of non‐native speakers in less detail, because they expect them to have lower linguistic competence. We show that processing the language of non‐native speakers increases lexical competition and access in general, not only of the non‐native speaker's speech, and that this leads to poorer memory of one's own speech during the interaction. We further find that the degree to which people adjust their processing to non‐native speakers is related to the degree to which they adjust their speech to them. We discuss implications for cognitive models of language processing and sociolinguistic research on attitudes.
The 1990s trade and wages debate in retrospect
Authors: Wood Adrian 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThis paper revisits the trade and wages debate of the 1990s in the light of widespread concern that, contrary to the consensus from that debate, the costs of globalisation to less‐skilled workers in developed countries have been an important cause of the recent rise of populism. The 1990s debate stimulated a new and now large field of economic research, but in hindsight it suffered from errors of omission on both sides, and from an academic perspective it ended prematurely. Even now, the available evidence does not permit any firm conclusion about the contribution of globalisation to the rise in inequality in developed countries over the past few decades. The economic consensus at the end of the debate also fostered unwarranted political complacency about the social costs of globalisation.
Exploring an alternative approach to Lyme disease surveillance in Maryland
Authors: Rutz H. , Hogan B. , Hook S. , Hinckley A. , Feldman K. 
Published: February 2018

SummaryIn Maryland, Lyme disease (LD) is a reportable disease and all laboratories and healthcare providers are required to report to the local health department. Given the volume of LD reports and effort required for investigation, surveillance for LD is burdensome and subject to underreporting. We explored the utility of International Classification of Diseases, 9th Revision, Clinical Modification (administrative) codes for use with LD surveillance. We aimed to collect the administrative codes for a 10% sample of 2009 LD reports (n = 474) from 292 facilities stratified by case classification (confirmed, probable, suspected and not a case). Sixty‐three per cent (n = 184) of facilities responded to the survey, and 341 different administrative codes were obtained for 91% (n = 430) of sampled reports. The administrative code for Lyme disease (088.81) was the most commonly reported code (133/430 patients) among sampled reports; while it was used for 62 of 151 (41%) confirmed cases, it was also used for 48 of 192 (25%) not a case reports (sensitivity 41% and specificity 73%). A combination of nine codes was developed with sensitivity of 74% and specificity of 37% when compared to not a case reports. We conclude that the administrative code for LD alone has low ability to identify LD cases in Maryland. Grouping certain codes improved sensitivity, but our results indicate that administrative codes alone are not a viable surveillance alternative for a disease with complex manifestations such as LD.
Phytochemicals and cognitive/behavioral function in patients with Alzheimer's disease: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Brown Darla Rose , Martin Tina 
Published: February 2018

Review question/objective:
The objective of this review is to explore the existing literature related to phytochemicals and cognitive/behavioral function in patients with Alzheimer's disease, to examine and conceptually map the evidence, and to identify any gaps.
The question of this review is: what is the evidence on phytochemicals and cognitive/behavioral function in patients with Alzheimer's disease?
Sexuality and intimacy among people with serious mental illness in hospital and community settings: a qualitative systematic review protocol
Authors: McCann Edward , Donohue Grainne , de Jager Jose , van Os Jim , Nugter Annet , Stewart Jessica , Eustace-Cook Jessica 
Published: February 2018

Review question/objective:
The aim of this review is to synthesize the best available qualitative evidence on the experiences and support needs of people with serious mental illness (SMI) regarding sexuality and intimacy within hospital and community settings. The objectives of the present study are:To explore intimate relationship experiences of people with SMITo explore specific issues related to sexuality important to people with SMITo uncover potential obstacles to the expression of sexualityTo present recommendations for mental health policy, education, research and practice.
High Rate of Association of 16S rRNA Methylases and Carbapenemases in Enterobacteriaceae Recovered from Hospitalized Children in Angola
Authors: Poirel Laurent , Goutines Juliette , Aires-de-Sousa Marta , Nordmann Patrice 
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACT

Acquired 16S rRNA methylases (RMTases) conferring pan-drug resistance to aminoglycosides were searched among enterobacterial isolates recovered in Angola. A total of 36 hospitalized children were screened for rectal colonization using the Superaminoglycoside selective medium. Twenty-two pan-aminoglycoside-resistant enterobacterial isolates were recovered, all of which produced RMTases, i.e., RmtB, ArmA, and RmtC. Highly diverse genetic backgrounds were identified for
Escherichia coli
and
Klebsiella pneumoniae
isolates, most of which coproduced carbapenemases NDM-1 or NDM-5, respectively.
In Vitro
Activity of Lascufloxacin against Streptococcus pneumoniae with Mutations in the Quinolone Resistance-Determining Regions
Authors: Murata Mika , Kosai Kosuke , Yamauchi Shunsuke , Sasaki Daisuke , Kaku Norihito , Uno Naoki , Morinaga Yoshitomo , Hasegawa Hiroo , Miyazaki Taiga , Izumikawa Koichi , Mukae Hiroshi , Yanagihara Katsunori 
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACT

Lascufloxacin showed potent activity against
Streptococcus pneumoniae
with a GyrA or ParC mutation (first-step mutant). The frequency of selecting resistant strains tended to be lower for lascufloxacin than for levofloxacin and garenoxacin after drug exposure in first-step mutants but was similar in the comparison between lascufloxacin and moxifloxacin. The increase in MIC was smaller for lascufloxacin than for levofloxacin, garenoxacin, and moxifloxacin when clinical strains with only ParC mutations were exposed to the corresponding drug.
Species Identification and
In Vitro
Antifungal Susceptibility of Aspergillus terreus Species Complex Clinical Isolates from a French Multicenter Study
Authors: Imbert S. , Normand A. C. , Ranque S. , Costa J. M. , Guitard J. , Accoceberry I. , Bonnal C. , Fekkar A. , Bourgeois N. , Houzé S. , Hennequin C. , Piarroux R. , Dannaoui E. , Botterel F. 
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACT

Aspergillus
section
Terrei
is a species complex currently comprised of 14 cryptic species whose prevalence in clinical samples as well as antifungal susceptibility are poorly known. The aims of this study were to investigate
A. Terrei
clinical isolates at the species level and to perform antifungal susceptibility analyses by reference and commercial methods. Eighty-two clinical
A. Terrei
isolates were collected from 8 French university hospitals. Molecular identification was performed by sequencing parts of beta-tubulin and calmodulin genes. MICs or minimum effective concentrations (MECs) were determined for 8 antifungal drugs using both EUCAST broth microdilution (BMD) methods and concentration gradient strips (CGS). Among the 79
A. Terrei
isolates,
A. terreus stricto sensu
(
n
= 61),
A. citrinoterreus
(
n
= 13),
A. hortai
(
n
= 3), and
A. alabamensis
(
n
= 2) were identified. All strains had MICs of ≥1 mg/liter for amphotericin B, except for two isolates (both
A. hortai
) that had MICs of 0.25 mg/liter. Four
A. terreus
isolates were resistant to at least one azole drug, including one with pan-azole resistance, yet no mutation in the
CYP51A
gene was found. All strains had low MECs for the three echinocandins. The essential agreements (EAs) between BMD and CGS were >90%, except for those of amphotericin B (79.7%) and itraconazole (73.4%). Isolates belonging to the
A
. section
Terrei
identified in clinical samples show wider species diversity beyond the known
A. terreus sensu stricto
. Azole resistance inside the section
Terrei
is uncommon and is not related to CYP51A mutations here. Finally, CGS is an interesting alternative for routine antifungal susceptibility testing.
Draft Genome Sequence of Anaerobic Fermentative Bacterium
Anaeromicrobium sediminis
DY2726D
Authors: Zhang Jing , Hu Junxi , Zhang Xiaobo , Zeng Xiang 
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACT

Here, we report the draft genome sequence of
Anaeromicrobium sediminis
DY2726D, isolated from a west Pacific Ocean sediment sample. The genome comprises 4,710,590 bp in 56 contigs, with a G+C content of 31.2%. A total of 3,811 protein-coding sequences were predicted. The genome annotation revealed that DY2726D may represent a marine type of
Clostridiaceae
.
Complete Genome Sequence of a Recombinant NADC30-Like Strain, SCnj16, of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus in Southwestern China
Authors: Zhou Long , Kang Runmin , Xie Bo , Tian Yiming , Yang Xin , Yu Jifeng , Wang Hongning 
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACT
The NADC30-like strains of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) are characterized by a 131-amino-acid deletion in nonstructural protein 2 (NSP2). Here, we report the complete genome sequence of a recombinant NADC30-like PRRSV strain, SCnj16, that exhibits the molecular marker of the Chinese highly pathogenic PRRSV (HP-PRRSV) in NSP2.
Draft Genome Sequence of the Siderophore-Degrading Soil Bacterium
Mesorhizobium loti
Strain LU
Authors: Castignetti Domenic , Polley Nathaniel , Putonti Catherine 
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACT

Here, we present the draft genome of
Mesorhizobium loti
strain LU, a soil bacterium capable of degrading the trihydroxamate siderophore deferrioxamine B to its constituent monohydroxamic acids. Genome size was 6,399,828 bp, with a GC content of 61.5%. This draft genome consists of 35 scaffolds, with an
N
50
of 389,921 bp.
Genomic Sequence of a Swine Pasivirus Type 1 Strain Identified in U.S. Swine
Authors: Guo Baoqing , Kim Hanjun , Zheng Ying , Shen Huigang , Pogranichniy Roman M. , Schwartz Kent J. , Li Ganwu , Yoon Kyoung-Jin 
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACT
We report for the first time in the United States the identification of a swine pasivirus (SPaV) strain with a genomic sequence identity of less than 80% to other SPaVs reported in Europe and China, using a next-generation sequencing (NGS) technique in sow tissues collected from an animal study conducted in 2001, suggesting virus circulation in domestic swine.
High versus standard dose caffeine for apnoea: a systematic review
Authors: Vliegenthart Roos , Miedema Martijn , Hutten Gerard J , van Kaam Anton H , Onland Wes 
Published: February 2018

BackgroundPlacebo-controlled trials have shown that caffeine is highly effective in treating apnoea of prematurity and reduces the risk of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and neurodevelopmental impairment (NDI).ObjectiveTo identify, appraise and summarise studies investigating the modulating effect of different caffeine dosages.MethodsA systematic review identified all randomised controlled trials (RCTs) comparing a high versus a standard caffeine treatment regimen in infants with a gestational age <32 weeks, by searching the main electronic databases and abstracts of the Pediatric Academic Societies. Studies comparing caffeine to placebo or theophylline only were excluded. Primary outcomes were BPD and mortality at 36 weeks postmenstrual age. Secondary key-outcome was neurodevelopmental outcome at 12 and 24 months corrected age. Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3.ResultsSix RCTs including 620 infants were identified. Meta-analysis showed a significant decrease in BPD, the combined outcome BPD or mortality, and failure to extubate in infants allocated to a higher caffeine dose. No differences were found in mortality alone and NDI. The quality of the outcome measures were deemed low to very low according to the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation guidelines.ConclusionsAlthough this review suggests that administering a higher dose of caffeine might enhance its beneficial effect on death or BPD, firm recommendations on the optimal caffeine dose cannot be given due to the low level of evidence. A large RCT is urgently needed to confirm or refute these findings and determine the optimal dose of caffeine.
Evaluation of a hub-and-spoke model for the delivery of femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery within the context of a large randomised controlled trial
Authors: Roberts Harry W , Wagh Vijay K , Mullens Isabella J M , Borsci Simone , Ni Melody Z , O’Brart David P S 
Published: February 2018

AimsTo test a hypothesis that cataract operating room (OR) productivity can be improved with a femtosecond laser (FL) using a hub-and-spoke model and whether any increase in productivity can offset additional costs relating to the FL.Methods400 eyes of 400 patients were enrolled in a randomised-controlled trial comparing FL-assisted cataract surgery (FLACS) with conventional phacoemulsification surgery (CPS). 299 of 400 operations were performed on designated high-volume theatre lists (FLACS=134, CPS=165), where a hub-and-spoke FLACS model (1×FL, 2×ORs=2:1) was compared with independent CPS theatre lists. Details of operative timings and OR utilisation were recorded. Differences in productivity between hub-and-spoke FLACS and CPS sessions were compared using an economic model including testing hypothetical 3:1 and 4:1 models.ResultsThe duration of the operation itself was 12.04±4.89 min for FLACS compared with CPS of 14.54±6.1 min (P<0.001). Total patient time in the OR was reduced from 23.39±6.89 min with CPS to 20.34±5.82 min with FLACS (P<0.001)(reduction of 3.05 min per case). There was no difference in OR turnaround time between the models. Average number of patients treated per theatre list was 9 for FLACS and 8 for CPS. OR utilisation was 92.08% for FLACS and 95.83% for CPS (P<0.001). Using a previously established economic model, the FLACS service cost £144.60 more than CPS per case. This difference would be £131 and £125 for 3:1 and 4:1 models, respectively.ConclusionThe FLACS hub-and-spoke model was significantly faster than CPS, with patients spending less time in the OR. This enabled an improvement in productivity, but insufficient to meaningfully offset the additional costs relating to FLACS.
Association of the PAX6 gene with extreme myopia rather than lower grade myopias
Authors: Tang Shu Min , Ma Li , Lu Shi Yao , Wang Yu Meng , Kam Ka Wai , Tam Pancy O S , Young Alvin L , Pang Chi Pui , Yam Jason C S , Chen Li Jia 
Published: February 2018

AimsTo investigate the association of the paired box gene 6 (PAX6) with different severities of myopia.MethodsA total of four haplotype-tagging single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs; rs2071754, rs3026354, rs3026390 and rs628224) and two previously reported SNPs (rs644242 and rs662702) in the PAX6 gene were analysed in a Hong Kong Chinese cohort of 1288 myopia subjects (including 252 extreme myopia, 277 high myopia, 393 moderate myopia and 366 mild myopia) and 791 no myopia controls. Allelic association analyses were performed for individual SNPs in different subgroups of myopia and in combined myopia, followed by a meta-analysis of our current data with reported data on PAX6 in myopia.ResultsThe association of tagging SNPs rs2071754 and rs644242 with extreme myopia could not withstand multiple correction (rs2071754: OR=1.25, P value=0.031; rs644242: OR=1.33, P value=0.032). In the meta-analysis, rs644242 showed an enhanced, significant association with extreme myopia (OR=1.27, 95% CI 1.10 to 1.46, P value=0.001; I2=0%). In contrast, there was no significant association between the PAX6SNPs and high, moderate or mild myopia. No linear correlation was found between the PAX6SNPs and axial length.ConclusionThis study provides additional evidence suggesting that the PAX6 SNP rs644242 is associated with extreme myopia but not lower grade myopia. Thus, PAX6 may be implicated in the development or progression into severe myopia. Further longitudinal studies are warranted.