bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
3D Sidewall Integration of Ultrahigh‐Density Silicon Nanowires for Stacked Channel Electronics
Authors: Wu Xiaoxiang , Ma Haiguang , Yin Han , Pan Danfeng , Wang Junzhuan , Yu Linwei , Xu Jun , Shi Yi , Chen Kunji 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBuilding 3D electronics represents a promising method for the integration of more functionalities into a given footprint. To this end, stacked multilevel silicon nanowires (SiNWs) are ideal multilevel channels to construct high‐density 3D electronics. 3D vectorial self‐assembled growth of orderly lateral SiNWs is accomplished directly upon oblique or vertical sidewalls, which are otherwise difficult to address by conventional lithography, led by indium droplets that absorb amorphous silicon thin film coated on the sidewalls to produce SiNW stacks at only 350 °C. With the guidance of sidewall terraces formed by multilayer or alternating etching approaches, ultralong supported or suspended multilevel SiNW stacks can be easily mass produced with tailored geometry and average diameter and spacing down to 50 and 100 nm, respectively. Prototype stacked multi‐SiNW‐channel transistors, with a fin‐gate configuration, are also fabricated and demonstrate an impressive high Ion/Ioff current ratio >107, a hole mobility of 60 cm2/V−1 s−1, and a rather low leakage current. These results highlight the unique potential and versatility of a nanodroplet‐assisted self‐assembled growth in constructing more complex and advanced 3D stacked channel electronics.
Highly Sensitive Polymer Phototransistor Based on the Synergistic Effect of Chemical and Physical Blending in D (Donor)–A (Acceptor) Copolymers
Authors: Wang Xiaohong , Zhao Fengsheng , Xue Zhan , Yuan Ye , Huang Ming , Zhang Guobing , Ding Yunsheng , Qiu Longzhen 
Published: May 2019

AbstractOrganic phototransistors (OPTs) based on donor–acceptor copolymers (PBTIDBIBDFs) using chemical blending of different ratios of isoindigo and benzodifurandione units and physical blending with insulating polymers are investigated. The photoresponse of the OPT devices can be synergistically tuned by combining chemical and physical blending. The film morphology and the mobility of the devices can be adjusted using chemical blending, while the photoresponse is greatly enhanced by physical blending with poly(1,4‐butylene adipate) (PBA). The photoresponse of the blending polymer PBTIDBIBDF‐5 with PBA exhibits photo‐/dark current ratio (P) of 3.45 × 104 and responsivity (R) of 128 A W−1. The R value shows a remarkable 4.9 × 104 times increase due to the synergistic effect of chemical and physical blending, with an ultralow detection limit of 0.03 mW cm−2. The highly sensitive OPT performance is attributed to the synergistic effect of chemical and physical blending, which changes the energy level and increases the energy trap density. Furthermore, flexible low‐voltage OPTs are fabricated and the photoresponse parameters P and R of the devices reach 5.7 × 104 and 180 mA W−1, respectively. This process is cost‐effective and provides a novel method for the fabrication of high‐photosensitivity, low‐voltage, and flexible OPTs.
Oligometastases in pancreatic cancer (Synchronous resections of hepatic oligometastatic pancreatic cancer: Disputing a principle in a time of safe pancreatic operations in a retrospective multicenter analysis)
Authors: Voss Nina , Izbicki Jakob R. , Nentwich Michael F. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe aim of the present review was to analyze the current data on surgery of synchronous liver metastases in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) in curative intent. A review of the literature was carried out to identify the current international concepts regarding surgery of liver metastases of PDAC and, furthermore, we addressed the current challenges of resection of liver metastases of PDAC. Resection of liver metastases in PDAC may provide survival benefit without compromising safety and quality of life in a highly selected group of patients.
Influence of dry season onQuercus suberL. leaf traits in the Iberian Peninsula
Authors: Prats Kyra A. , Brodersen Craig R. , Ashton Mark S. 
Published: May 2019

PremiseWater deficit and drought conditions are increasing in intensity, frequency, and duration in the Iberian Peninsula. We observed natural variation in leaf traits across the range ofQuercus suberL. (cork oak), an ecologically important species within this region. Stomatal traits (e.g., pore length, maximum aperture) and carbon isotope composition (δ13C) provide an opportunity to examine the integrative effects of drought and dry‐season intensity on leaf development, maximum stomatal conductance, and adaptation to precipitation regimes.MethodsGross leaf traits (e.g., area, thickness), stomatal traits (e.g., pore length, size, aperture), and carbon isotope discrimination were measured inQ. suberleaves, and maximum stomatal conductance to water vapor (gwmax) was calculated. Trees were sampled from nine natural populations across a climate gradient in the Iberian Peninsula, including trees from two genetic lineages. Linear mixed models compared total water deficit to leaf traits, accounting for tree and site as random effects.ResultsQuercus subergross leaf morphology remained consistent across the climate gradient, but increasing water deficit was correlated with smaller stomata at the leaf level and low δ13C at the tree level. No traits were significantly different between the two genetic lineages.ConclusionsWhile there were no significant differences in gross leaf morphology across the climate gradient or between the genetic lineages, stomatal traits and δ13C responded to climate, suggesting thatQ. subercan inhabit a range of environments in the Iberian Peninsula via micro‐adjustments of the trait that controls water loss into the atmosphere.
Sleep‐disordered breathing in children with mucolipidosis
Authors: Tabone Laurence , Caillaud Catherine , Amaddeo Alessandro , Khirani Sonia , Michot Caroline , Couloigner Vincent , Brassier Anais , Cormier‐Daire Valerie , Baujat Geneviève , Fauroux Brigitte 
Published: May 2019

AbstractMucolipidosis (ML) is a rare lysosomal storage disorder with a wide spectrum of disease severity according to the type. Sleep‐disordered breathing is recognized as a characteristic feature of ML but objective data are scarce. The aim of the study was to describe sleep data and medical management in children with ML α/β. All patients with ML α/β followed at a national reference center of ML were included. Five patients had ML II, one patient had ML III and one patient had ML II‐III. One patient was started on noninvasive ventilation (NIV) to allow extubation after prolonged invasive mechanical ventilation. The six other patients underwent sleep study at a median age of 1.8 years (range 4 months–17.4 years). Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) was observed in all patients with a median apnea‐hypopnea index (AHI) of 36 events/hr (range 5–52) requiring continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) or NIV. CPAP/NIV resulted in an improvement of nocturnal gas exchange and was continued in all patients with an excellent compliance. Two patients died. Systematic sleep studies are recommended at time of diagnosis in ML. CPAP or NIV are effective treatments of OSA, well tolerated, and may contribute to improve the quality of life of patients and caregivers.
Development of clinical genetics in Asia
Authors: Chung Brian , Willis Brooke , Lai Poh‐San 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThis Special Issue on Clinical Genetics in Asia highlights a collection of articles showing the growth, development, and current status of clinical genetics in Asia. In this Introduction, the Guest Editors share on the themes of this issue to provide useful insights into the rapid growth of genomics and clinical genetics in this region. The contents of this Issue cover a range of topics from the history and development of clinical genetics in Asia to studies on disorders with clinical significance or phenotype differences in the Asian populations to the status of precision medicine. The goal is to provide a glimpse of how significantly the field of genetics in Asia has developed in recent years with the aspiration that this can serve as a catalyst to increase international collaboration and cooperation in combating genetic diseases. We hope that this issue shows Asia's readiness and willingness to be a part of more international conversations about genetics in future.
Synthesis of 1H‐Inden‐1‐ylidenes via Carboannulation of Internal Alkynes with (E)‐3‐(2‐Bromophenyl) Acrylaldehyde: Potential Precursors for Drug Development
Authors: Dhanorkar Ritesh J. , Gupta Virendra Kumar , Prakash Gocher Chandra 
Published: May 2019

Abstract1H‐Inden‐1‐ylidene derivatives have been synthesized using a simple and efficient Pd‐catalyzed annulation of functionalized (E)‐3‐(2‐bromophenyl) acrylaldehyde with internal alkynes. The proposed mechanism involves an oxidative addition and carbopalladation of an alkyne to generate a vinyl palladium intermediate followed by β‐hydrogen elimination. These pre‐functionalized indene‐based cyclic precursors can be potential bioactive systems for drug discovery and development.
A three‐dimensional digital microscopic investigation of entheseal changes as skeletal activity markers
Authors: Nikita Efthymia , Xanthopoulou Panagiota , Bertsatos Andreas , Chovalopoulou Maria‐Eleni , Hafez Iosif 
Published: May 2019

AbstractObjectivesThe current article explores the effectiveness of entheseal changes (EC) as skeletal activity markers by testing the correlation between such changes and cross‐sectional geometric (CSG) properties while controlling for the effect of age and body size.Materials and methodsThe originality of the article lies in capturing EC in a continuous quantitative manner using three‐dimensional microscopy. Roughness and bone resorption were recorded on Zones 1 and 2 of three humeral entheses (subscapularis, supraspinatus, and infraspinatus) in a documented sample of 29 male skeletons.ResultsOur analysis found that merely 5.91% of the partial correlations between EC and CSG properties were statistically significant. In addition, two unexpected patterns were identified, namely a higher number of significant correlations on the left side entheses compared to the right side ones, and a higher number of correlations between minimum roughness and CSG properties compared to mean and maximum roughness.DiscussionThese patterns are the inverse of what we would expect if activity had exerted an important effect on EC expression. Therefore, they support the lack of association between EC and habitual activity, even though various factors potentially affecting the above results are discussed.
Social cohesion in rural Australia: Framework for conformity or social justice?
Authors: Moran Anthony , Mallman Mark 
Published: May 2019

AbstractWhile social cohesion has become a commonly accepted policy goal and framework in many ethnically diverse societies, there is a general concern in some academic literature that it can be a form of governmentality that constructs manageable subjects and communities, represses diversity and distracts attention from the social, political and economic production of inequalities. Drawing on ethnographic fieldwork in two rural Australian towns with ethnically diverse populations, this article engages with these criticisms of social cohesion while simultaneously asserting that social cohesion is viewed by local practitioners as a desirable objective for both strengthening intercultural community and addressing issues of social justice and inequality. We also aim to bring some needed clarity to relevant debates in the literature in distinguishing between social cohesion discourses used for normative and/or homogenising purposes versus frameworks developed in the academic literature with a concern for social justice and equality among diverse populations.
Phosphazenyl Phosphines: The Most Electron‐Rich Uncharged Phosphorus Brønsted and Lewis Bases
Authors: Ullrich Sebastian , Kovačević Borislav , Xie Xiulan , Sundermeyer Jörg 
Published: May 2019

AbstractIt was discovered that phosphazenyl phosphines (PAPs) can be stronger P‐superbases than the corresponding Schwesinger type phosphazene N‐superbases. A simple synthetic access to this class of PR3 derivatives including their homologization is described. XRD structures, proton affinities (PA), and gas‐phase basicities (GB) as well as calculated and experimental pK
values in THF are presented. In contrast to their N‐basic counterparts, PAPs are also privileged ligands in transition metal chemistry. In fact, they are currently the strongest uncharged P‐donors known, exceeding classical and more recently discovered ligands such as PtBu3 and imidazolin‐2‐ylidenaminophosphines (IAPs) with respect to their low Tolman electronic parameters (TEPs) and large cone angles.
Modification of low‐molecular polylactic acid by CaF2 nanoparticles: A new approach to change its material properties
Authors: Mahn S. , Kemnitz E. 
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACTDue to environmental problems and the increasing waste of resources, sustainable biodegradable plastics has become a great topic worldwide. In this communique, we present a simple low‐cost synthesis to improve one of these typically used materials, PLA (polylactic acid). CaF2 nanoparticles synthesized according the fluorolytic sol–gel synthesis in lactic acid give access to fine tune the material characteristics of LMPLA (low‐molecular polylactic acid) due to a simply to apply polycondensation reaction of lactic acid monomers. Thus, for the first time, homo dispersed CaF2 up to 15 wt % in PLA is synthesized as cubic nanomaterial improving the characteristics of a subsequently formed thermoplastic in comparison with a polycondensed PLA reference material. A detailed characterization of the synthesized material is provided by using X‐ray imaging, TEM, 19F MAS NMR, (sol) XRD, MALDI‐TOF, and nanoindentation. The results reveal a promising first step of a modification opportunity of LMPLA regarding melting point, elastic modulus, and hardness. This way it is possible to adjust material characteristics in a simple and inexpensive way, which might broaden the field of possible applications and make biodegradable plastics a more competitive alternative to conventional used ones. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47875.
Preparation and characterization of spinnable pitch for general‐purpose carbon fiber from refined pitch
Authors: Zhu Yaming , Zhao Chun‐Lei , Hu Chao‐Shuai , Yuan Ji , Xu Yun‐Liang , Zhao Xue‐Fei 
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACTFour types of spinnable pitches (MP‐N‐A, MP‐A, MP‐A‐H, and MP‐A‐N) for general‐purpose carbon fiber have been prepared under certain conditions with the refined pitch as the raw materials. Fourier transform infrared spectrum and solid‐state nuclear magnetic resonance spectra combined with curve‐fitting analysis have been used to characterize the average molecular structure (Iar, CH3/CH2, SAR, and SHFG) of spinnable pitches. Thermogravimetric analyses and polarizing microscope have been used to observe the thermal stability and the microstructure of spinnable pitches, respectively. The X‐ray diffraction combined with curve‐fitting analysis have showed that, the stacking heights (Lc) of these four kinds of spinnable pitches were 2.21, 1.78, 1.79, and 1.76 nm, respectively. The parallel layers (N) of each spinnable pitch were 7.30, 6.02, 6.06, and 5.97. What is more, the numbers of aromatic ring in each layer (n) were 17.03, 11.61, 11.75, and 11.41. Finally, the scanning electron microscopy has been used to characterize the surface morphology of carbon fibers which obtained by each spinnable pitches. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47880.
Thermal and mechanical properties of thermoplastic urethanes made from crystalline and amorphous azelate polyols
Authors: Tuan Ismail Tuan Noor Maznee , Ibrahim Nor Azowa , Sendijarevic Vahid , Sendijarevic Ibrahim , Schiffman Christi M. , Hoong Seng Soi , Mohd Noor Mohd Azmil , Poo Palam Kosheela Devi , Yeong Shoot Kian , Idris Zainab , Abd. Malek Emilia , Zainuddin Norhazlin , Sendijarevic Aisa 
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACTPolyester polyols from renewable resources have gained significant interest in the field of polyurethane chemistry. Two sets of segmented TPUs were prepared from crystalline and amorphous azelate polyols, 4,4′‐methylenebis(phenyl isocyanate), and 1,4‐butanediol as a chain extender at a mole ratio of 1:2:1, respectively. Bio‐1,3‐propanediol (1,3‐PDO) and 1,5‐pentanediol (PTDO) were used to prepare crystalline azelate polyols, while 1,2‐propanediol (1,2‐PDO) and 2,2′‐dimethyl‐1,3‐propanediol (NPG) were used to prepare amorphous azelate polyols. All TPUs displayed clear glass transition temperatures (Tgs) in between −36 and − 24 °C, associated with azelate polyols soft segments, which are decreasing with increasing diols chain lengths in azelate polyols. TPUs based on crystalline azelate polyols exhibited higher mechanical properties and better heat resistance in comparison to their counter parts. Besides, TPU based on 1,3‐PDO azelate showed lower percentage of hysteresis indicating lower heat build‐up. This is essentially good for TPUs that are to be used in dynamic applications such as rollers and wheels. Hence, the study on structure–property correlation of the crystalline and amorphous azelate polyols and their effect on TPUs properties suggest that crystalline azelate polyols are suitable for dynamic application of TPU, and amorphous azelate polyols are suitable for coatings and adhesives applications. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci.2019,136, 47890.
Fishing for conservation of freshwater tropical fishes in the Anthropocene
Authors: Phang Sui Chian , Cooperman Michael , Lynch Abigail J. , Steel E. Ashley , Elliott Vittoria , Murchie Karen J. , Cooke Steven J. , Dowd Scott , Cowx Ian G. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe ecosystem services provided by freshwater biodiversity are threatened by development and environmental and climate change in the Anthropocene.Here, case studies are described to show that a focus on the shared dependence on freshwater ecosystem functioning can mutually benefit fisheries and conservation agendas in the Anthropocene.Meeting the threat to fish biodiversity and fisher livelihood is pertinent in developing regions where there is often a convergence between high biodiversity, high dependency on aquatic biota and rapid economic development (see Kafue River, Logone floodplain, Tonle Sap, and Rio Negro case studies).These case studies serve as evidence that biodiversity conservation goals can be achieved by emphasizing a sustainable fisheries agenda with partnerships, shared knowledge and innovation in fisheries management (see Kafue River and Kenai River case studies).In all case studies, aquatic biodiversity conservation and fisheries agendas are better served if efforts focused on creating synergies between fishing activities with ecosystem functioning yield long‐term livelihood and food security narratives.A unified voice from conservation and fisheries communities has more socio‐economic and political capital to advocate for biodiversity and social interests in freshwater governance decisions.
The OST‐complex as target for RNAi‐based pest control in Nilaparvata lugens
Authors: De Schutter Kristof , Chen Pengyu , Shen Ying , Van Damme Els J. M. , Smagghe Guy 
Published: May 2019

AbstractRNAi‐based pest control strategies are emerging as environment friendly and species‐specific alternatives for the use of conventional pesticides. Because N‐glycosylation is important for many biological processes, such as growth and development, the early steps of protein N‐glycosylation are promising targets for an RNAi‐based pest control strategy. Through injection of dsRNAs, the expression of the catalytic subunits of the oligosaccharyl transferase complex was efficiently silenced in nymphs of the notorious rice pest insect Nilaparvata lugens. Silencing of both STT3 isoforms resulted in a high mortality of the N. lugens nymphs. However, our data reveals the occurrence of a functional redundancy between the two isoforms when silencing only one of the isoforms. These observations confirm the potential to use the early genes in the N‐glycosylation pathway as targets for an RNAi‐based pest control strategy. In addition, the existence of a functional redundancy between the two STT3 isoforms presents a factor which one must take into account when designing RNAi‐based approaches.
A hybrid observer for localization of mobile vehicles with asynchronous measurements
Authors: Alonge Francesco , D'Ippolito Filippo , Garraffa Giovanni , Sferlazza Antonino 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe aim of this paper is the design of a hybrid nonlinear observer for mobile vehicles. The main problem is that position and velocity measurements are provided with a very low frequency, and the time between two consecutive measurements could be not constant, but it could vary randomly within a certain interval of time. For this reason the proposed observer has been contextualized in the hybrid systems framework. The convergence analysis of the estimation error has been carried out, and the sensitivity analysis has been performed in order to evaluate the bound of the estimation error when the measurements are biased and/or noisy. Simulation and experimental results, carried out on a mobile vehicle, show the feasibility of the proposed observer and the good behaviors in terms of estimation error that can be achieved.
State feedback controller design for anti‐synchronization of Boolean control networks: An event‐based idea
Authors: Tong Liyun , Liang Jinling , Chen Hongwei 
Published: May 2019

AbstractIn this paper, we investigate the event‐based state feedback control for the anti‐synchronization of Boolean control networks (BCNs) under the configuration of drive‐response coupling. Two equivalence properties for the anti‐synchronization of BCNs are obtained by the algebraic representations of the logical dynamics. Based on the analysis of the event conditions, an algorithm is established to design the event‐based state feedback controller, and a necessary and sufficient condition guaranteeing the anti‐synchronization of the drive‐response coupled BCNs is formulated. An example is finally given to demonstrate the validity of the obtained results.
Determination of parvovirus antibodies in canine serum using magnetic bead‐based chemiluminescence immunoassay
Authors: Chen Cuicui , Guo Xiaoxiao , Liang Huankun , Ning Bo , Li Jiexing , Zhong Shuhai , Liu Xipan , Li Laiqing 
Published: May 2019

AbstractCanine parvovirus type 2 (CPV‐2), as a highly contagious and potentially fatal disease of dogs and many other carnivores, usually causes severe gastroenteritis and myocarditis. Therefore, it is very necessary and urgent to have an accurate method to determine the CPV‐2 antibodies (CPV‐2‐Ab) in canine samples. Here, a magnetic bead–based chemiluminescence immunoassay was established and optimized to detect the concentration of CPV‐2‐Ab in serum. And a commercial assay was also used to evaluate the consistency with our method. After optimization of the detective system, the CPV‐2‐Ab was captured by CPV‐antigen‐magnetic bead (8.3 µg/mL); then combined with the conjugation of anti‐canine IgG antibody‐acridinium ester (0.36 µg/mL). Finally, collected the signal (read the luminosity) after 1 H reaction time. The linear correlation coefficient (R2) is 0.9924. The limit of detection (sensitivity) is 0.36 ng/mL (the linear dynamic range: 1.32–93.75 ng/mL), and the average recovery is 100.89% without cross‐reactions with other canine viral antibodies. The results’ correlation between commercial assays and this method is 0.9888. This immunoassay establishes that it has high sensitivity, accuracy, and specificity in clinical analysis, indicating that this method could be suitable for quantitative detection of CPV‐2‐Ab and evaluation of vaccination effect.