bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Wireless implantable coil with parametric amplification for in vivo electron paramagnetic resonance oximetric applications
Authors: Enomoto Ayano , Qian Chunqi , Devasahayam Nallathamby , Kishimoto Shun , Oshima Nobu , Blackman Burchelle , Swenson Rolf E. , Mitchell James B. , Koretsky Alan P. , Krishna Murali C. 
Published: March 2018

PurposeTo develop an implantable wireless coil with parametric amplification capabilities for time‐domain electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy operating at 300 MHz.MethodsThe wireless coil and lithium phthalocyanine (LiPc), a solid paramagnetic probe, were each embedded individually in a biocompatible polymer polydimethoxysiloxane (PDMS). EPR signals from the LiPc embedded in PDMS (LiPc/PDMS) were generated by a transmit–receive surface coil tuned to 300 MHz. Parametric amplification was configured with an external pumping coil tuned to 600 MHz and placed between the surface coil resonator and the wireless coil.ResultsPhantom studies showed significant enhancement in signal to noise using the pumping coil. However, no influence of the pumping coil on the oxygen‐dependent EPR spectral linewidth of LiPc/PDMS was observed, suggesting the validity of parametric amplification of EPR signals for oximetry by implantation of the encapsulated wireless coil and LiPc/PDMS in deep regions of live objects. In vivo studies demonstrate the feasibility of this approach to longitudinally monitor tissue pO2 in vivo and also monitor acute changes in response to pharmacologic challenges. The encapsulated wireless coil and LiPc/PDMS engendered no host immune response when implanted for ∼3 weeks and were found to be well tolerated.ConclusionsThis approach may find applications for monitoring tissue oxygenation to better understand the pathophysiology associated with wound healing, organ transplantation, and ischemic diseases.
High‐resolution whole‐brain diffusion MRI at 7T using radiofrequency parallel transmission
Authors: Wu Xiaoping , Auerbach Edward J. , Vu An T. , Moeller Steen , Lenglet Christophe , Schmitter Sebastian , Van de Moortele Pierre‐François , Yacoub Essa , Uğurbil Kâmil 
Published: March 2018

PurposeInvestigating the utility of RF parallel transmission (pTx) for Human Connectome Project (HCP)‐style whole‐brain diffusion MRI (dMRI) data at 7 Tesla (7T).MethodsHealthy subjects were scanned in pTx and single‐transmit (1Tx) modes. Multiband (MB), single‐spoke pTx pulses were designed to image sagittal slices. HCP‐style dMRI data (i.e., 1.05‐mm resolutions, MB2, b‐values = 1000/2000 s/mm2, 286 images and 40‐min scan) and data with higher accelerations (MB3 and MB4) were acquired with pTx.ResultspTx significantly improved flip‐angle detected signal uniformity across the brain, yielding ∼19% increase in temporal SNR (tSNR) averaged over the brain relative to 1Tx. This allowed significantly enhanced estimation of multiple fiber orientations (with ∼21% decrease in dispersion) in HCP‐style 7T dMRI datasets. Additionally, pTx pulses achieved substantially lower power deposition, permitting higher accelerations, enabling collection of the same data in 2/3 and 1/2 the scan time or of more data in the same scan time.ConclusionpTx provides a solution to two major limitations for slice‐accelerated high‐resolution whole‐brain dMRI at 7T; it improves flip‐angle uniformity, and enables higher slice acceleration relative to current state‐of‐the‐art. As such, pTx provides significant advantages for rapid acquisition of high‐quality, high‐resolution truly whole‐brain dMRI data.
Does grip strength reflect isokinetic muscle strength in lower limbs in patients with chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy?
Authors: Knak Kirsten L. , Andersen Linda K. , Christiansen Ingelise , Markvardsen Lars K. 
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACTIntroduction: Grip strength (GS) is a common measure of general muscle strength in patients with chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP). However, it is important to investigate the correlation and responsiveness of GS compared with isokinetic muscle strength (IKS) and function of the lower limbs. Methods: Seventy patients with CIDP were evaluated with GS, IKS, and functional measures of the lower limbs. Reevaluation was performed after 2 and 10/12 weeks. Correlation and response analyses were performed. Results: GS correlated with IKS at the ankle (IKSankle; maximum Spearman's rank‐order correlation [RS] = 0.58) and with walking performance (maximum RS = −0.38). IKSankle was more responsive to detect change (standardized response mean [SRM] = 0.57) than GS (SRM = 0.27). Discussion: GS does not seem to be an appropriate surrogate measure of IKS and function of the lower limbs in patients with CIDP. Muscle Nerve 58: 449–452, 2018
Tank Acclimation and Induced Spawning of the Catostomid, Black Buffalo
Authors: Guy Emmet L , Allen Peter J 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
The Black Buffalo Ictiobus niger is a deep-bodied, riverine species that has experienced population declines similar to many other catostomids. Captive propagation is an important component of conservation for declining species, although there is little known about induced spawning techniques for catostomids. Developing culture techniques for Black Buffalo, including tank acclimation and induced spawning, are potentially beneficial for conserving other catostomids as well. Therefore, we examined tank acclimation and induced-spawning methods in three separate spawns over 2 years. Acclimation was aided by cool temperatures (~15°C), low salinity (3.0‰), and light-reducing covers for 2.5 weeks after which temperature was increased from 15°C to 23°C by 1°C/d over 8 d. Females (n = 23; TL = 641 ± 12 mm [mean ± SE], weight = 4,773 ± 299 g) were injected with the gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogue (GnRHa), and 7 of 23 ovulated (30.4%) with a mean fertilization percentage of 41.5% (SE, 7.1%). Large fish and fungal growth on incubating embryos provided logistical challenges, further indicating the importance of minimizing stress during tank-holding procedures. This study outlines effective tank acclimation procedures and demonstrates that Black Buffalo can be induced to spawn with GnRHa.
Bladder overdistension with polyuria in a hypertensive rat model
Authors: Velasquez Flores Monica , Mossa Abubakr H. , Cammisotto Philippe , Campeau Lysanne 
Published: March 2018

AimsPolyuria can lead to progressive chronic bladder overdistension. The impact of polyuria on the bladder has been extensively studied in settings of either diabetes or sucrose diuresis in animals. The goal of this study was to investigate the outcomes of polyuria in a hypertension setting.Materials and MethodsMale Dahl/SS rats, a hypertension model, received a high‐salt or normal diet for 6 weeks. Twenty‐four‐hour water intake, micturition patterns, and blood pressures were recorded biweekly. Conscious cystometry was carried out at the end of this period. Bladders were collected to measure contractile force and for histological analysis. Paired t‐tests were used to compare changes between Week 0 and Week 6 within each group. Unpaired t‐tests were used for comparisons between groups for all parameters at Week 6.ResultsSix weeks of high‐salt diet significantly increased water intake and total urine. Blood pressures and volume of urine per micturition was higher in rats on high‐salt diet. Bladder overdistension in the high‐salt diet group was confirmed by cystometry, shown by a significantly higher bladder capacity, and compliance. No difference in detrusor contractility was observed between both groups. Collagen content was significantly higher in the lamina propria of the high‐salt group compared to the normal group, while the opposite was observed in the muscularis.ConclusionsPolyuria, in a hypertension context, leads to changes in bladder morphology and function. These findings help clarify the deleterious clinical impact of polyuria on voiding function, highlighting the variable consequences of bladder overdistension according to the underlying pathology.
Alpha‐1 adrenergic antagonists, 5‐alpha reductase inhibitors, phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors, and phytotherapic compounds in men with lower urinary tract symptoms suggestive of benign prostatic obstruction: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of urodynamic studies
Authors: Fusco Ferdinando , Creta Massimiliano , De Nunzio Cosimo , Gacci Mauro , Li Marzi Vincenzo , Finazzi Agrò Enrico 
Published: March 2018

AimsTo perform a systematic review and meta‐analysis of studies evaluating the urodynamic outcomes of alpha‐1 adrenergic antagonists (ABs), 5‐alpha reductase inhibitors (5‐ARIs), phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors (PDE5is), and phytotherapic compounds in patients with lower urinary tract symptoms related to benign prostatic obstruction (LUTS/BPO).MethodsA systematic review of PubMed/Medline, ISI Web of Knowledge, and Scopus databases was performed in June 2017. We included full papers that met the following criteria: original research; English language; human studies; enrolling LUTS/BPO patients; reporting maximum urinary flow (Qmax), and detrusor pressure at maximum urinary flow (PdetQmax). The primary endpoint was variation in bladder outlet obstruction index (BOOI). Secondary endpoints were variations in Qmax and PdetQmax.ResultsTwenty‐three studies involving 1044 patients were included in the final analysis. Eighteen, three, two, and one study evaluated the urodynamic outcomes of ABs, 5‐ARIs, PDE5is, and phytotherapic compounds, respectively. BOOI, PdetQmax, and Qmax improved in a statistically significant manner in patients receiving ABs and in those receiving 5‐ARIs. The overall pooled data showed a mean BOOI change of −15.40 (P < 0.00001) and of −10.55 (P = 0,004) for ABs and 5‐ARIs, respectively. Mean PdetQmax and Qmax changes were:12.30 cm H2O (P < 0.00001) and +2.27 ml/s (P < 0.00001) for ABs and −9.63 cm H2O (P = 0.05), and +1.18 mL/s (P = 0.04) for 5‐ARIs. PDE5is and phytotherapic compounds had no significant effects on urodynamic parameters.ConclusionsABs and 5‐ARIs efficiently improve BOOI in men with LUTS/BPO. Both treatments are associated with a clinically significant decrease in PdetQmax but only marginal improvements in Qmax.
Selective bladder denervation for overactive bladder (OAB) syndrome: From concept to healing outcomes using the ovine model
Authors: Fugett James , Phillips Lynette , Tobin Emily , Whitbrook Eric , Bennett Haydon , Shrout Joshua , Coad James E. 
Published: March 2018

AimsWe evaluated a Selective Bladder Denervation (SBD) device, which uses radiofrequency ablation, for the treatment of overactive bladder syndrome in terms of its nerve denervation, ablation characteristics, and post‐treatment healing.MethodsUsing the SBD device, eight fresh extirpated ovine bladder trigones were treated (90°C set point for 60 s) and nitroblue tetrazolium viability stained to characterize the ablation. In addition, 12 trigones were treated in vivo with three adjacent ablations and divided into survival cohorts: Day 7, Day 30, and Day 90 to assess the ablations and their associated healing.ResultsThe ex vivo single trigone ablations had a 7.9 ± 0.9 mm width and 5.7 ± 1.0 mm thickness that involved the submucosa, detrusor muscle, adventitia, and vagina. Microscopic viability staining confirmed complete nerve necrosis within the targeted tissue. The in vivo Day 7 trigones supported the ex vivo ablation characteristics and showed up to minimal inflammation, granulation tissue, and collagen fibrosis. Day 30 trigones had essentially absent inflammation and granulation tissue with evolving collagen fibrosis at the ablation's periphery. Day 90 trigones had essentially absent acute inflammation, minimal chronic inflammation, essentially absent granulation tissue, and up to mild collagen fibrosis. No ureteral/urethral alterations, vesico‐vaginal fistulas, or other complications were identified.ConclusionsThe SBD device provided a targeted trigone ablation with resultant denervation. The tissue healing timeline followed that expected for a hyperthermic ablation and was characterized by a fibroproliferative healing response with limited inflammation and granulation tissue. The ablations did not impact the overlying bladder mucosal surface.
Efficacy and safety of mirabegron for the treatment of neurogenic detrusor overactivity—Prospective, randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled study
Authors: Krhut Jan , Borovička Vladimír , Bílková Karolína , Sýkora Radek , Míka David , Mokriš Jan , Zachoval Roman 
Published: March 2018

AimsTo assess the efficacy and safety of mirabegron in the treatment of neurogenic detrusor overactivity.MethodsThis prospective, multicenter, randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled study was conducted in three tertiary centers, and included 78 patients suffering from spinal cord injury or multiple sclerosis. Patients were randomized for Mirabegron 50 mg (Group A) or placebo (Group B). Urodynamic parameters, the 24 h pad‐weight test, and patient‐reported outcomes were assessed. Safety assessments included monitoring the incidence and severity of adverse events. Changes in time and differences between groups were assessed with nonparametric Kruskal‐Wallis one‐way analysis of variance; P ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsIn total, 66 patients were eligible for inclusion in the final analysis. There was a significant increase of volume at the first detrusor contraction (P = 0.00047) and an improvement in bladder compliance (P = 0.0041) in the mirabegron group compared with the placebo‐treated group, whereas the increase in cystometric capacity did not reach statistical significance (P = 0.061). There was a clear tendency to reduced urine leakage (P = 0.056) in Group A. There were significant changes in all the patient‐reported outcomes, favoring the mirabegron group. The incidence of drug‐related adverse events was 3.13%.ConclusionsMirabegron (50 mg) improved both urodynamic variables and patient‐reported outcomes in patients with NDO. The treatment was tolerated well.
Effect of severity of urinary incontinence on quality of life in women
Authors: Krhut Jan , Gärtner Marcel , Mokris Jan , Horcicka Lukas , Svabik Kamil , Zachoval Roman , Martan Alois , Zvara Peter 
Published: March 2018

AimsWhile the effect of different types of incontinence on the quality of life (QoL) has been clearly documented, the information about the impact of incontinence severity on QoL in women is lacking. Therefore, we investigated whether increasingly severe degrees of incontinence were linearly correlated with poorer QoL.MethodsWe included 391 incontinent women and 81 continent volunteers in the study and assessed them in accordance with routine clinical practice. A 24 h pad‐weight test was used to objectively quantify the incontinence severity. We then stratified participants according to incontinence type and severity and assessed correlations between incontinence severity and Patient Perception of Bladder Condition (PPBC), International Consultation on Incontinence short‐form questionnaire (ICIQ‐SF), and King's Health Questionnaire (KHQ) quality of life scores in the entire study population and in individual groups according to incontinence type.ResultsMinimal incontinence was associated with significant negative impact on QoL, as measured by all quality of life assement tools. There were nonlinear correlations between scores on individual questionnaires and daily leakage volumes. Stress urinary incontinence had a weaker impact on quality of life than urge or mixed incontinence, as measured by PPBC (P < 0.0001), KHQ part 1 (P < 0.0001), and KHQ part 2 (P < 0.001). Stress urinary incontinence also had a weaker impact on QoL than mixed incontinence as measured by ICI‐Q (P = 0.007).ConclusionsThis study demonstrated that even mild urinary leakage significantly reduces the QoL, while subsequent increase in the degree of incontinence has only minimal additional effect. There was no linear correlation between incontinence severity and QoL.
Gastrostomy Tube Feeding in Children With Developmental or Acquired Disorders: A Longitudinal Comparison on Healthcare Provision and Eating Outcomes 4 Years After Gastrostomy
Authors: Backman Ellen , Karlsson Ann‐Kristin , Sjögreen Lotta 
Published: March 2018

AbstractBackgroundStudies on long‐term feeding and eating outcomes in children requiring gastrostomy tube feeding (GT) are scarce. The aim of this study was to describe children with developmental or acquired disorders receiving GT and to compare longitudinal eating and feeding outcomes. A secondary aim was to explore healthcare provision related to eating and feeding.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study reviewed medical records of children in 1 administrative region of Sweden with GT placement between 2005 and 2012. Patient demographics, primary diagnoses, age at GT placement, and professional healthcare contacts prior to and after GT placement were recorded and compared. Feeding and eating outcomes were assessed 4 years after GT placement.ResultsThe medical records of 51 children, 28 boys and 23 girls, were analyzed and grouped according to “acquired” (n = 13) or “developmental” (n = 38) primary diagnoses. At 4 years after GT placement, 67% were still using GT. Only 6 of 37 (16%) children with developmental disorders transferred to eating all orally, as opposed to 10 of 11 (91%) children with acquired disorders. Children with developmental disorders were younger at the time of GT placement and displayed a longer duration of GT activity when compared with children with acquired disorders.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates a clear difference between children with developmental or acquired disorders in duration of GT activity and age at GT placement. The study further shows that healthcare provided to children with GT is in some cases multidisciplinary, but primarily focuses on feeding rather than eating.
Comparison of Calorie and Protein Intake of Very Low Birth Weight Infants Receiving Mother's Own Milk or Donor Milk When the Nutrient Composition of Human Milk Is Measured With a Breast Milk Analyzer
Authors: Newkirk Melanie , Shakeel Fauzia , Parimi Prabhu , Rothpletz‐Puglia Pamela , Patusco Rachael , Marcus Andrea Fleisch , Brody Rebecca 
Published: March 2018

AbstractBackgroundIn premature infants, donor breast milk (DBM) is assumed to provide reduced nutrients vs. mother's own milk (MOM). This study examined calorie and protein delivery when very low birth weight infants were fed fortified MOM or DBM, with a known nutrient composition, relative to established nutrition recommendations and to determine if there were differences between the groups.MethodsA retrospective medical record review was conducted in 29 very low birth weight infants receiving MOM or DBM. Nutrient content of human milk was measured using the Calais Analyzer. Added fortifiers feeding volume, and weight were collected to determine total daily calorie and protein intake.Results145 days of enteral feedings among 29 infants were included, 78 (53.8%) from DBM and 67 (46.2%) from MOM. Mean daily fluid intake among infants receiving DBM was significantly higher when compared with MOM, 150.6 ± 7.6 mL/kg vs 146.8 ± 11.3 mL/kg (P = .016). DBM feedings provided 110.1 ± 9.0 kcals/kg/d vs 113.0 ± 21.0 kcals/kg/d from MOM feedings (P = .275). Mean protein intake was similar, 4.1 ± 0.5 g /kg/d on DBM days vs 4.0 ± 0.5 g kg/d on MOM days (P = .162). A total of 46 of 78 DBM days (59.0%) and 30 of 67 MOM days (44.8%) were below the minimum established calorie needs of 110 kcals/kg/day.ConclusionsDBM provides comparable nutrient intake to MOM at a higher enteral feeding volume. However, both types of human milk failed to meet energy needs with standard fortification regimens.
Home Parenteral Nutrition Reimbursement and American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition Public Policy Efforts
Authors: Murphy Lynne , Allen Penny , Bond Bettemarie , Guenter Peggi 
Published: March 2018

AbstractHome parenteral nutrition (HPN) has been considered a lifesaving intervention since the late 1960s for patients with gastrointestinal (GI) failure and other conditions that affect the GI tract who are well enough to be at home. Payment for this therapy under federal programs requires significant documentation and complex processes to qualify. Medicare parenteral nutrition policy, qualification processes and challenges, and advocacy supported by the American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition are reviewed with the goal of increasing clinician awareness of the complexity surrounding Medicare HPN reimbursement.
Improving Nutrition Outcomes for Infants < 1500 Grams With a Progressive, Evidenced‐Based Enteral Feeding Protocol
Authors: Thoene Melissa K. , Lyden Elizabeth , Anderson‐Berry Ann 
Published: March 2018

AbstractBackgroundGrowth is essential for very low birth weight infants. The purpose of this retrospective chart review was to evaluate the impact of a new standardized, evidenced‐based feeding protocol for infants born < 1500 g in correlation with growth and clinical outcomes.MethodsGrowth and nutrition data was reviewed from 2 groups of infants born < 1500 g within a level III newborn intensive care unit (NICU). Epoch 1 infants (N = 32) received care following initial implementation of a standardized enteral feeding protocol. Epoch 2 infants (N = 32) received care following aggressive modification of this initial protocol based on newly available literature that promotes earlier initiation and advancement of enteral feedings.ResultsEpoch 2 infants weighed more at 36 weeks (2562 vs 2304 g) with higher discharge weight percentiles (32nd vs 15th percentile). Epoch 2 infants started and achieved full enteral feedings earlier (day of life 1 vs 4; 7 vs 22, P < 0.0001) and required less days of parenteral nutrition (5.5 vs 17.5 days, P < 0.0001), with indwelling central line for parenteral access (6 vs 17.5). There were no differences in retinopathy of prematurity (17% control vs 19% study), oxygen requirement at 36 weeks (22% epoch 1 vs 43%), necrotizing enterocolitis (3% epoch 1 vs 0%), intraventricular hemorrhage grade 3–4, periventricular leukomalacia, or death.ConclusionIn this sample of very low birth weight infants, a progressive standardized, evidence‐based feeding protocol was associated with improved growth without increased risk for necrotizing enterocolitis.
Resting Metabolic Rate, Total Daily Energy Expenditure, and Metabolic Adaptation 6 Months and 24 Months After Bariatric Surgery
Authors: Wolfe Bruce M. , Schoeller Dale A. , McCrady‐Spitzer Shelly K. , Thomas Diana M. , Sorenson Chad E. , Levine James A. 
Published: March 2018

ObjectiveLittle is known about long‐term metabolic (energy expenditure) adaptation after bariatric surgery.MethodsResting metabolic rate under basal conditions (RMR), total daily energy expenditure (TDEE), and body composition were measured in 25 participants in the Longitudinal Assessment of Bariatric Surgery‐2.ResultsSix months after surgery, BMI (±SD) decreased (47 ± 6 kg/m2 to 37 ± 5 kg/m2), body fat went from 48% ± 6% to 40% ± 6% fat, and fat‐free mass went from 67 ± 9 kg to 60 ± 9 kg. In absolute terms, RMR and TDEE both decreased significantly (1,730 ± 278 kcal/d vs. 1,430 ± 200 kcal/d and 2,879 ± 544 kcal/d vs. 2,369 ± 304 kcal/d), and the achieved energy balance was −1,293 ± 355 kcal/d. Sixteen of these participants underwent repeated measures at ∼24 months; TDEE decreased 6 months postoperatively (2,957 ± 540 kcal/d to 2,423 ± 324 kcal/d; P = 0.0003), but at ∼24 months, TDEE (2,602 ± 471 kcal/d) was not significantly different compared with month 6. The average negative energy balance from baseline to month 24 was −379 ± 131 kcal/d.ConclusionsRMR and TDEE fall precipitously in the first 6 months after bariatric surgery, but these adaptive changes were no longer significant after 2 years.