bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
IMPLEMENTASI METODE MATERNAL REFLEKTIF DALAM PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA ARAB BAGI ANAK TUNA RUNGU DI SLB PURWOSARI KUDUS
Authors: Rois Ahmad , Astina Chairani 
Published: December 2018

Penelitian ini menjabarkan metode pengajaran yang baik digunakan untuk anak berkebutuhan khusus yang dalam hal ini anak tuna rungu. Nama metode pembelajaran ini adalah Metode Maternal Reflektif. Tujuan implementasinya untuk lebih meningkatkan prestasi belajar siswa dan pembelajaran jadi lebih tepat dan efektis mengingat bahasa Arab dirasakan selama ini sebagai pelajaran yang sulit dan membosankan terlebih bagi anak disabilitas tuna rungu. Target dari penelitian ini adalah: 1) mengetahui konsep metode maternal reflektif 2) implementasi metode maternal reflektif dalam pembelajaran bahasa arab;. Untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut, dilaksanakan metode penelitian lapangan dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Pendekatan penelitian ini adalah kualitatif yaitu menekankan analisisnya pada proses penyimpulan induktif dan deduktif serta analisis terhadap hubungan antar fenomena yang diamati dengan menggunakan logika. Metode maternal reflektif ini diharapkan mampu menjadi metode yang tepat dalam pembelajaran bahasa arab bagi anak tuna rungu dan mampu meningkatkan prestasi siswa. Hasil Penelitian didapatkan bahwa: (1) pengetahuan tentang konsep metode maternal reflektif merupakan metode pengajaran Bahasa yang dikembangkan oleh A. Van Uden (1968) dari lembaga pendidikan yang di kenal secara internasional dalam dunia Pendidikan yaitu St. Michielgestel, yang terletak di Negara Belanda beserta konsep-konsep MMR lainnya; (2) Telah terimplementasunya metode maternal reflektif di SLB Purwosari Kudus dalam pembelajaran bahasa arab dengan baik sehingga pembelajaran bahasa arab bagi anak tuna rungu menjadi efektif dan jugaa dapat meningkatkan prestasi belajar siswa tersebut. (3) mengetahui faktor pendorong dan penghambat pelaksanaan metode maternal reflektid di SLB Putwosari Kudus.
A Estratégia de Saúde da Família e as internações por condições sensíveis à atenção primária no Paraná
Authors: Pinto Eliz Cassieli Pereira , Sirtoli Rafaela , Da Silva Ligiane De Lourdes , Menolli Poliana Vieira da Silva 
Published: December 2018

Propõe-se com o presente estudo, descrever a evolução das ações da atenção primária em saúde e correlaciona-las às hospitalizações por condições sensíveis a esse nível de atenção. Trata-se de um estudo ecológico, retrospectivo e analítico, a partir de dados secundários. Foram objetos de estudo a abrangência populacional das eSF, PACS e número de NASF, além das internações por condições sensíveis a atenção primária, no Paraná e suas cinco maiores cidades. Utilizou-se o modelo de correlação de Pearson, a fim de investigar a relação entre as variáveis. Observou-se tendência crescente na abrangência das eSF em todos os locais do estudo. Houve decréscimo importante no número de ICSAP no período estudado, bem como correlação estatística negativa com o a ampliação da cobertura das ações da APS no estado do Paraná.
Pengaruh Belanja Modal Terhadap Pertumbuhan Ekonomi di Indonesia
Authors: Waryanto Puput 
Published: December 2018

The purpose of the study was to investigate the influence of capital expenditure on economic growth in Indonesia. The reasons of the study were the inconsistency of previous research results in many countries, the difficulty of achieving national economic growth target, and the low ratio of capital expenditure to Gross Domestic Product (GDP). By using time series data from 1990 to 2015 in Indonesia, this research has proved that the capital expenditure has a significant positive effect on economic growth. On the other hand, the operational expenditure, which consisted of personnel expense, goods and services expenses, interest, subsidies, grants and social assistance, had not a significant effect on economic growth. This study has considered inflation as a control variable. Consequently, the central government should be able to pay attention on capital expenditure, both on its quantity and quality. Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat seberapa besar pengaruh belanja modal terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi di Indonesia. Beberapa hal yang melatarbelakangi penelitian ini adalah masih adanya ketidakkonsistenan hasil penelitian di berbagai negara, masih sulitnya pencapaian target pertumbuhan ekonomi nasional, masih rendahnya rasio belanja modal terhadap PDB. Dengan menggunakan data time series selama 26 tahun mulai 1990 s.d. 2015 di Indonesia, penelitian ini telah membuktikan bahwa belanja modal berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi, tetapi belanja operasi yang terdiri dari belanja pegawai, belanja barang, bunga, subsidi, hibah, dan bantuan sosial, tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi. Penelitian ini telah mempertimbangkan variabel kontrol berupa inflasi. Berkaitan dengan hasil penelitian, pemerintah pusat hendaknya terus memperhatikan belanja modal, baik dari segi kuantitas maupun kualitas belanja modal.
Can Undergraduate Paramedic Students Accurately Estimate a Patient's Weight? – a Short Report
Authors: Williams Brett , Boyle Malcolm 
Published: December 2018

Background Accurate estimation of a patient's (adult and paediatric) weight is an important skill for paramedics. The patient's weight is often required for calculating medication dosages, correct sizing for equipment, defibrillation, and other invasive procedures. Only three previous studies have been located examining paramedic's ability to estimate a patient's weight. The objective of the study was to identify if undergraduate paramedic students could accurately estimate weight in selected patients. Methods A prospective single-blinded observational pilot study requiring students to estimate the weight of seven selected patients (adult and paediatric). Results The findings highlighted large variations in students’ ability to accurately estimate a patient's weight. The majority of patient weights were underestimated by undergraduate students. These results highlight the difficulties students have estimating patient's weight. Conclusion Results from this pilot study have identified considerable variation in students’ ability to accurately estimate a patient's weight. The results provide teaching staff with feedback to incorporate into the curriculum.
Geographic stomatitis mimicking pemphigus
Authors: DAYE Munise , TEMİZ Selami Aykut , CİHAN Sultan Gamze , FİNDİK Siddika 
Published: December 2018

Oral mucosal diseases are concerns to specialists across multiple disciplines, such as family physicians, dentists, dermatologists, and rhinolaryngologists. Geographic stomatitis is defined as slightly raised, round, erythematous lesions that are restricted by well-defined whitish borders. The etiopathogenesis of this condition is unknown. There is a limited number of geographical stomatitis case in literature and it is thought that the real incidence is higher. Erosive lichen planus, pemphigus vulgaris, aphthous stomatitis, traumatic stomatitis, and contact dermatitis are the differential diagnosis of this condition. When lesions are found only on the tongue, the lesion is defined as geographic tongue. Herein, we present a case of geographic stomatitis, resembling pemphigus vulgaris histologically.
The evaluation of hearing functions in patients with childhood vitiligo: are melanocytes involved in the inner ear?
Authors: CEVİK Osman Caglar , AYDİN CAPKİN Arzu , ARSLAN Ahmet , KUL Neslihan , AKSU ARİCA Deniz 
Published: December 2018

Background

Vitiligo
is a common pigment disorder characterized by destruction of melanocytes in
epidermis. The inner ear is also one of the remarkable sites of melanocytes.
The mechanism destroying the melanocytes in vitiligo may also affect other
melanocyctic organs. Several studies have been reported some hearing
abnormalities in patients with vitiligo.

Objective

The
purpose of the study is to evaluate the hearing functions with transient-evoked
otoacoustic emission (TOAE) test according to the clinical types, disease
activity, localization at onset, age at onset, and duration of of the disease
in the children with vitiligo.

Methods

Thirty-five
patients with childhood vitiligo (18 females and 17 males, mean age 9.71 ±
3.75) and a healthy control group consisting 35 children (18 females and 17
males, mean age 9.23 ± 3.40) were consecutively enrolled to this prospective
study. Clinical characteristics of the disease including types, activity,
localization at onset, age at onset and duration were noted. Auditory functions
of children with vitiligo and healthy controls were measured by TOAE test. Test
results were compared between vitiligo and control group, and in subgroups of vitiligo
patients according to disease characteristics.

Results

There
was no statistically significant differences between the childhood vitiligo
group and control group when TOAE test results compared (p &gt; 0.05). Children
with disease onset at the head and neck had significantly higher TOAE test
results including in the right ear at a frequency of 4 KHz and average
frequency, while compared to the children with disease onset at other areas,
respectively (p=0.012, p=0.034). There was no statistically significant
differences, while TOAE results of subgroups compared according to clinical
types, activity, and duration of the disease in the patients with vitiligo (p
&gt; 0.05).

Conclusions

According to the our study,
which is the first one measures the auditory functions by TOAE in children with
vitiligo, TOAE test results did not differ from healthy controls. Although the melanocytes
are present in the inner ear, our findings suggest that auditory functions of
children with vitiligo are not affected.
Gut microbiata: underestimated or exaggerated?
Authors: KARAKAN Tarkan 
Published: December 2018

Human gastrointestinal
tract contains a large diversity of commensal microorganisms, which is many
times more than the human living cells. In the last decade, we had enormous
number of research on the association with diseases and gut microbiota
composition. There is a clear increase in the number of pathological conditions
associated with dysbiosis in time. Also, the range of diseases are increased
and distributed to many disciplines, non-gastrointestinal diseases are also
increasingly reported. Gut microbiota
has multiple functions and new applications for diagnosis and therapeutics of
diseases. Probiotics are widely used in health and disease states. Probably
further high quality scientific research will determine the exact place of
microbiota and probiotics in human health in the future.
Examination of the complexation ability of different calixarene derivatives towards [223Ra]RaCl2 in a hospital radiopharmaceutical laboratory
Authors: Weigand Wolfgang , Weisheit Thomas , Freesmeyer Martin 
Published: December 2018

Summary
Aim: In this contribution we investigated the potential transfer of an established method for the synthesis of 223Ra-labelled calixarene complexes to a hospital radiopharmaceutical environment. For this purpose, commercially available [223Ra]RaCl2 solution in pharmaceutical grade (Xofigo®) was reacted with three calixarene derivatives. Methods: A wellestablished two-phase extraction method using a two-phase solvent system was performed for complexation of the radium ions with calixarenes under slightly basic conditions. Moreover, the complexation reaction was conducted in homogenous medium (water / THF) as well as under elevated temperature. Results: The investigated reaction conditions did not allow the isolation of the desired products. Analytical evidence for the presence of radium-calixarene species by means of activity measurement, TLC as well as HPLC could not been proven unambiguously. Conclusion: We address the non-conversion of the educts to the large excess of sodium ions in the used Xofigo® solution, what may explain the hampered reaction for all conducted experiments. Finally the transfer of the published complexation concept into a radiopharmaceutical routine environment was not successful.
Toward an Understanding of GRB Prompt Emission Mechanism. II. Patterns of Peak Energy Evolution and Their Connection to Spectral Lags
Authors: Uhm Z. Lucas , Zhang Bing , Racusin Judith 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
The prompt emission phase of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) exhibits two distinct patterns of the peak energy (E

p
) evolution, i.e., time-resolved spectral analyses of νF

ν
spectra of broad pulses reveal (1) “hard-to-soft” and (2) “flux-tracking” patterns of E

p
evolution in time, the physical origin of which still remains not well understood. We show here that these two patterns can be successfully reproduced within a simple physical model invoking synchrotron radiation in a bulk-accelerating emission region. We show further that the evolution patterns of the peak energy have, in fact, direct connections to the existence of two different (positive or negative) types of spectral lags, seen in the broad pulses. In particular, we predict that (1) only the positive type of spectral lags is possible for the hard-to-soft evolution of the peak energy, (2) both the positive and negative type of spectral lags can occur in the case of the flux-tracking pattern of the peak energy, (3) for the flux-tracking pattern the peak location of the flux light curve slightly lags behind the peak of the E

p
evolution with time if the spectral lags are positive, and (4) in the case of the flux-tracking pattern double-peaked broad pulses can appear in the light curves, the shape of which is energy dependent.
Statistical Relation between Solar Flares and Coronal Mass Ejections with Respect to Sigmoidal Structures in Active Regions
Authors: Kawabata Yusuke , Iida Yusuke , Doi Takafumi , Akiyama Sachiko , Yashiro Seiji , Shimizu Toshifumi 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Statistical dependences among features of coronal mass ejections (CMEs), solar flares, and sigmoidal structures in soft-X-ray images were investigated. We applied analysis methods to all the features in the same way in order to investigate the reproducibility of the correlations among them, which may be found from previous statistical studies. Samples of 211 M-class and X-class flares, observed between 2006 and 2015 by the Hinode/X-ray telescope, Solar and Heliospheric Observatory/Large Angle and Spectrometric Coronagraph, and Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite, were examined statistically. Five kinds of analysis were performed: occurrence rate analysis, linear-correlation analysis, association analysis, the Kolmogorov–Smirnov test, and the Anderson–Darling test. These give three main results. First, the sigmoidal structure and long-duration events (LDEs) have a stronger dependence on CME occurrence than large X-ray-class events in on-disk events. Second, for the limb events, a significant dependence exists between LDEs and CME occurrence, and between X-ray-class events and CME occurrence. Third, 32.4% of on-disk flare events have sigmoidal structure and are not accompanied by CMEs. However, the occurrence probability of CMEs without sigmoidal structure is very small, 8.8%, in on-disk events. While the first and second results are consistent with previous studies, we provide for the first time a difference between the on-disk and limb events. The third result, that non-sigmoidal regions produce fewer eruptive events, is also different from previous results. We suggest that sigmoidal structures in soft X-ray images will be a helpful feature for CME prediction in on-disk flare events.
Properties of Nonlinear Torsional Waves Effective on Solar Swirling Plasma Motions
Authors: Ghoraba A. Mozafari , Farahani S. Vasheghani 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
We model the evolution of solar helical structures: swirling motions, tornadoes, and spirals in the context of nonlinear magnetohydrodynamic waves. By considering vorticity and magnetic twist, the nonlinear forces that confine and shape helical or swirling plasma motions are incorporated in nonlinear partial differential equations. The solution to the governing equations provides insight on the significance of the equilibrium conditions. The key in providing explicit expressions for the compressive perturbations in the presence of equilibrium twist and vorticity is the second-order thin flux tube approximation. Nonlinear differential equations for the perturbations of the density, tube cross sectional area, and longitudinal speed are obtained in terms of the characteristics of the torsional wave, which itself is determined by the magnetic twist and vorticity. The analytic nonlinear solutions enable measurement of the efficiency of the equilibrium magnetic twist and vorticity, which confine and shape swirling motions differently as they evolve up the solar atmosphere. For chromospheric and coronal conditions, the nonlinear induced density perturbations increase with vorticity and decrease with magnetic twist. Regarding confinement, the nonlinear forces prove that the vorticity is predominant compared to the twist. The vorticity acts similarly to the shear flow in confining plasma swirling motions. It features in the compressive perturbations due to the ponderomotive force. We conclude that weak vorticities and twists are easily dominated by the plasma-β. For observing swirling plasma motions and tornadoes, focus must be on regions with high vorticity.
Application of the Deep Convolutional Neural Network to the Forecast of Solar Flare Occurrence Using Full-disk Solar Magnetograms
Authors: Park Eunsu , Moon Yong-Jae , Shin Seulki , Yi Kangwoo , Lim Daye , Lee Harim , Shin Gyungin 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
In this study, we present the application of the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) to the forecast of solar flare occurrence. For this, we consider three CNN models (two pretrained models, AlexNet and GoogLeNet, and one newly proposed model). Our inputs are SOHO/Michelson Doppler Imager (from 1996 May to 2010 December) and SDO/Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager (from 2011 January to 2017 June) full-disk magnetograms at 00:00 UT. Model outputs are the “Yes or No” of daily flare occurrence (C, M, and X classes) and they are compared with GOES observations. We train the models using the input data and observations from 1996 to 2008, covering the entire solar cycle 23, and test them using the data sets from 2009 to 2017, covering solar cycle 24. Then we compare the results of the CNN models with those of three previous flare forecast models in view of statistical scores. The major results from this study are as follows. First, we successfully apply CNN to the full-disk solar magnetograms without any preprocessing or feature extraction. Second, the results of our CNN models are slightly better in Heidke skill score and true skill statistics, and considerably better in false alarm ratio (FAR) and critical success index than the previous solar flare forecasting models. Third, our proposed model has better values of all statistical scores except for FAR, than the other two pretrained models. Our results indicate a sufficient possibility that deep learning methods can improve the capability of the solar flare forecast as well as similar types of forecast problems.
Species conservation profiles of a random sample of world spiders IV: Scytodidae to Zoropsidae
Authors: Seppälä Sini , Henriques Sérgio , Draney Michael , Foord Stefan , Gibbons Alastair , Gomez Luz , Kariko Sarah , Malumbres-Olarte Jagoba , Milne Marc , Vink Cor , Cardoso Pedro 
Published: December 2018

The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species is the most widely used information source on the extinction risk of species. One of the uses of the Red List is to evaluate and monitor the state of biodiversity and a possible approach for this purpose is the Red List Index (RLI). For many taxa, mainly hyperdiverse groups, it is not possible within available resources to assess all known species. In such cases, a random sample of species might be selected for assessment and the results derived from it extrapolated for the entire group - the Sampled Red List Index (SRLI). The current contribution is the final in four papers that will constitute the baseline of a future spider SRLI encompassing 200 species distributed across the world.A sample of 200 species of spiders were randomly selected from the World Spider Catalogue, an updated global database containing all recognised species names for the group. The selected species were classified taxonomically at the family level and the familes were ordered alphabetically. In this publication, we present the conservation profiles of 50 species belonging to the families alphabetically arranged between Scytodidae and Zoropsidae, which encompassed Scytodidae, Selenopidae, Sicariidae, Sparassidae, Tetrablemmidae, Tetragnathidae, Theraphosidae, Theridiidae, Theridiosomatidae, Thomisidae, Trochanteriidae, Zodariidae and Zoropsidae.
Rarely Observed Behaviors and Occurrences of Black-footed Ferrets Preconditioning for Wild Release 2014–2017
Authors: Tretten Tyler N. 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Black-footed ferrets Mustela nigripes became extinct in the wild in 1987 when the last known wild animals were removed from a remnant population in an attempt to save the species by beginning a captive breeding program. Breeding efforts were successful, and since 1991 wildlife managers have annually released ferrets back into the wild at sites within the ferrets' historic range. Before their release into the wild, ferrets undergo a preconditioning stage in a quasi-natural habitat which better prepares them for life in the wild after a captive upbringing. Due to their nocturnal, fossorial, and largely solitary lifestyle, combined with their expansive habitat and endangered status, there are undoubtedly a multitude of behaviors ferrets exhibit that are not commonly observed. Here I detail multiple aspects of rarely described black-footed ferret ecology including black-tailed prairie dog Cynomys ludovicianus hunting stratagems, interactions with prairie rattlesnakes Crotalus viridis viridis, predation on birds, and sudden unexplained deaths of entire ferret family groups. The preconditioning setting that serves as an intermediate step between a captive and wild life for captive-reared ferrets allows for wildlife managers to witness ferret behaviors, though similar situations conceivably occur somewhat regularly in the wild.