bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hierarchical copper oxide microspheres prepared in an ordinary household microwave oven
Authors: Li Jiwei , Li Wei 
Published: March 2019

Hierarchical copper oxide (CuO) microspheres were prepared by a simple microwave‐assisted preparation method in an ordinary household microwave oven under ambient pressure. The CuO microspheres were characterised by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X‐ray diffraction, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and thermal gravimetric analysis. Characterisation results show that the hierarchical CuO microspheres are assembled by spine‐like nanorods and have high Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surface area of 25.0 m2/g.
A multi-scale exploration of a massive young stellar object
Authors: Frost A. J. , Oudmaijer R. D. , de Wit W. J. , Lumsden S. L. 
Published: March 2019

Context.The rarity of young massive stars combined with the fact that they are often deeply embedded has limited the understanding of the formation of stars larger than 8M⊙. Ground based mid-infrared (IR) interferometry is one way of securing the spatial resolution required to probe the circumstellar environments of massive young stellar objects (MYSOs). Given that the spatial-frequency coverage of such observations is often incomplete, direct-imaging can be supplementary to such a dataset. By consolidating these observations with modelling, the features of a massive protostellar environment can be constrained.Aims.This paper aims to detail the physical characteristics of the protostellar environment of the MYSO G305.20+0.21 at three size-scales by fitting one 2.5D radiative transfer model to three different types of observations simultaneously, providing an extensive view of the accreting regions of the MYSO.Methods.Interferometry, imaging and a multi-wavelength spectral energy distribution (SED) are combined to study G305.20+0.21. The high-resolution observations were obtained using the Very Large Telescope’s MIDI and VISIR instruments, producing visibilities in theN-band and near-diffraction-limited imaging in theQ-band respectively. By fitting simulated observables, derived from the radiative transfer model, to our observations the properties of the MYSO are constrained.Results.The VISIR image shows elongation at 100 mas scales and also displays a degree of asymmetry. From the simulated observables derived from the radiative transfer model output we find that a central protostar with a luminosity of ~5 × 104L⊙surrounded by a low-density bipolar cavity, a flared 1M⊙disk and an envelope is sufficient to fit all three types of observational data for G305.20+0.21. The weak silicate absorption feature within the SED requires low-density envelope cavities to be successfully fit and is an atypical characteristic in comparison to previously studied MYSOs.Conclusions.The fact that the presence of a dusty disk provides the best fit to the MIDI visibilities implies that this MYSO is following a scaled-up version of the low-mass star formation process. The low density, low extinction environment implies the object is a more evolved MYSO and this combined with large inner radius of the disk suggests that it could be an example of a transitional disk around an MYSO.
Using a Miniature Stapler to Divide a Mucosal Bridge at the Anastomosis after Gastric Pull-up for Iatrogenic Tracheoesophageal Fistula
Authors: Kawano Takafumi , Muensterer Oliver 
Published: March 2019

AbstractWe report the first use of a miniature stapler to divide a mucosal bridge at the gastroesophageal junction after complex esophageal atresia (EA) repair. A 4-year-old girl was referred to our center after treatment of EA elsewhere. On our initial enodoscopy, a large iatrogenic tracheoesophageal fistula had formed, prompting us to perform a tracheoplasty and gastric interposition. One year after recovery, she had dysphagia with solid food. Upon endoscopy, a mucosal bridge was noted at the gastroesophageal anastomosis. This bridge was divided under endoscopy using a 5 mm miniature stapler. No complications were noted. Upon follow-up, she had no more complaints with solid food. Our report shows that the mucosal bridges may cause dysphagia after EA repair and can be safely divided using a miniature stapler.
Recurrence Risk after First Symptomatic Distal versus Proximal Deep Vein Thrombosis According to Baseline Risk Factors
Authors: Valerio Luca , Ambaglio Chiara , Barone Marisa , Ciola Mariella , Konstantinides Stavros , Mahmoudpour Seyed , Picchi Chiara , Pieresca Carla , Trinchero Alice , Barco Stefano 
Published: March 2019

Background It remains unclear whether the distal location of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is independently associated with a lower risk of recurrence in all patients, or represents a marker of the presence and severity of provoking factors for venous thromboembolism (VTE).
Methods We investigated the impact of distal (vs. proximal) DVT location on the risk of developing symptomatic, objectively confirmed recurrent VTE in 831 patients with a first acute symptomatic DVT not associated with pulmonary embolism (PE), who were stratified by the presence of transient or persistent risk factors at baseline. The primary outcome was symptomatic, objectively diagnosed recurrent VTE, including proximal DVT and PE.
Results A total of 205 (24.7%) patients presented with a transient risk factor, 189 (22.7%) with a minor persistent risk factor, 202 (24.3%) with unprovoked DVT, and 235 (28.3%) with cancer-associated DVT. One-hundred twenty-five patients (15.0%) experienced recurrent DVT or PE. The largest relative difference between patients with distal (vs. proximal) DVT was observed in the absence of identifiable risk factors (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR]: 0.11; 95% CI [confidence interval]: 0.03–0.45). In patients with cancer, distal and proximal DVT had a comparable risk of recurrence (aHR: 0.70; 95% CI: 0.28–1.78]).
Conclusions The distal (vs. proximal) location of first acute symptomatic DVT represented, in the absence of any identifiable transient or persistent risk factors, a favorable prognostic factor for recurrence. In contrast, the prognostic impact of DVT location was weaker if persistent provoking risk factors for VTE were present, notably cancer.
Biphasic mechanosensitivity of T cell receptor-mediated spreading of lymphocytes
Authors: Wahl Astrid , Dinet Céline , Dillard Pierre , Nassereddine Aya , Puech Pierre-Henri , Limozin Laurent , Sengupta Kheya 
Published: March 2019

Significance
The ability of a T cell to explore environmental mechanical cues, through bonds formed by its special receptors called T cell receptors (TCRs), is crucial for the first steps of immune recognition. Here we show that the response of T cells, quantified in terms of their spreading behavior, is biphasic with substrate stiffness when mediated through TCRs. However, when the ligands of the T cell integrins are additionally involved, the cellular response becomes monotonic. Based on a mesoscale model, this ligand-specific response can be attributed to differences in force sensitivity and effective stiffness of the link formed between the ligand/receptor pairs and the actin cytoskeleton. This may provide a general mechanism for immune cells to discriminate mechanosensitive bonds.
Leishmaniaflagellum attachment zone is critical for flagellar pocket shape, development in the sand fly, and pathogenicity in the host
Authors: Sunter Jack D. , Yanase Ryuji , Wang Ziyin , Catta-Preta Carolina Moura Costa , Moreira-Leite Flavia , Myskova Jitka , Pruzinova Katerina , Volf Petr , Mottram Jeremy C. , Gull Keith 
Published: March 2019

SignificanceLeishmaniaalternates between an insect vector and human host; in these different environments, the parasite adopts different forms. There are important commonalities between these different forms, particularly the flagellar pocket (FP) and associated flagellum attachment zone (FAZ). We show that the FAZ is important in different forms ofLeishmaniafor FP shape and function, which are altered in mutants lacking a FAZ protein, FAZ5. FAZ5 deletion did not affect parasite proliferation and differentiation in culture; however, it dramatically reduced parasite proliferation in the sand fly and mouse. These results demonstrate the importance of the FAZ for FP function and architecture, and show that deletion of one FAZ protein can have a dramatic effect onLeishmaniadevelopment and pathogenicity.
Spatiotemporal regulation of clonogenicity in colorectal cancer xenografts
Authors: van der Heijden Maartje , Miedema Daniël M. , Waclaw Bartlomiej , Veenstra Veronique L. , Lecca Maria C. , Nijman Lisanne E. , van Dijk Erik , van Neerven Sanne M. , Lodestijn Sophie C. , Lenos Kristiaan J. , de Groot Nina E. , Prasetyanti Pramudita R. , Arricibita Varea Andrea , Winton Douglas J. , Medema Jan Paul , Morrissey Edward , Ylstra Bauke , Nowak Martin A. , Bijlsma Maarten F. , Vermeulen Louis 
Published: March 2019

Significance
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a heterogeneous disease, with significant variation in genotype and phenotype within each individual tumor. This intratumor heterogeneity emerges during tumor development due to clonal evolution and in part can explain therapy resistance in CRC. However, a detailed understanding of the spatiotemporal development of tumors underlying cancer evolution and intratumor heterogeneity remains absent. Here, we use lineage-tracing experiments of human CRC cells transplanted into immunocompromised mice, in combination with computational modeling, to study the growth mode of CRC. We found that the clonal position is crucial for clonal outgrowth. This demonstrates that, in addition to the genetic composition, the environment and the geometry of tumor growth play a significant role in shaping tumor evolution.
On a two-truths phenomenon in spectral graph clustering
Authors: Priebe Carey E. , Park Youngser , Vogelstein Joshua T. , Conroy John M. , Lyzinski Vince , Tang Minh , Athreya Avanti , Cape Joshua , Bridgeford Eric 
Published: March 2019

Significance
Spectral graph clustering—clustering the vertices of a graph based on their spectral embedding—is of significant current interest, finding applications throughout the sciences. But as with clustering in general, what a particular methodology identifies as “clusters” is defined (explicitly, or, more often, implicitly) by the clustering algorithm itself. We provide a clear and concise demonstration of a “two-truths” phenomenon for spectral graph clustering in which the first step—spectral embedding—is either Laplacian spectral embedding, wherein one decomposes the normalized Laplacian of the adjacency matrix, or adjacency spectral embedding given by a decomposition of the adjacency matrix itself. The two resulting clustering methods identify fundamentally different (true and meaningful) structure.
P-selectin drives complement attack on endothelium during intravascular hemolysis in TLR-4/heme-dependent manner
Authors: Merle Nicolas S. , Paule Romain , Leon Juliette , Daugan Marie , Robe-Rybkine Tania , Poillerat Victoria , Torset Carine , Frémeaux-Bacchi Véronique , Dimitrov Jordan D. , Roumenina Lubka T. 
Published: March 2019

SignificanceComplement system activation occurs in sickle cell disease and other hemolytic disorders, but the pathological relevance and the acquisition of a complement-activating phenotype by host cells during hemolysis remain unclear. Here we demonstrated that intravascular hemolysis triggered liver damage, which was attenuated in C3-deficient mice or by C5 blockade, showing the importance of complement system for hemolysis-mediated tissue stress response. Heme-dependent complement deposits were detected on endothelium, appeared upon activation of TLR4, and were mediated by P-selectin. This resulted in unconventional complement activation, mediated by anchoring of C3(H2O) on endothelial surface. In conclusion, our data suggest that complement system could be a therapeutic target in hemolytic diseases, such as sickle cell disease.
Cholecystokinin release triggered by NMDA receptors produces LTP and sound–sound associative memory
Authors: Chen Xi , Li Xiao , Wong Yin Ting , Zheng Xuejiao , Wang Haitao , Peng Yujie , Feng Hemin , Feng Jingyu , Baibado Joewel T. , Jesky Robert , Wang Zhedi , Xie Hui , Sun Wenjian , Zhang Zicong , Zhang Xu , He Ling , Zhang Nan , Zhang Zhijian , Tang Peng , Su Junfeng , Hu Ling-Li , Liu Qing , He Xiaobin , Tan Ailian , Sun Xia , Li Min , Wong Kelvin , Wang Xiaoyu , Cheung Hon-Yeung , Shum Daisy Kwok-Yan , Yung Ken K. L. , Chan Ying-Shing , Tortorella Micky , Guo Yiping , Xu Fuqiang , He Jufang 
Published: March 2019

Significance
Neuropeptides represent the most diverse family of neurotransmitters with a wide distribution in the rodent brain. Cholecystokinin (CCK) is an octapeptide present in very high concentrations in the cortex, where it is expressed in several circuits. It has emerged as a useful marker, for example as an interneuron subpopulation, but its function is still unclear. Here we show that CCK, via its CCKB receptor, is essential for high-frequency stimulation-induced long-term potentiation, and that release of CCK is controlled by NMDA receptors. Thus, CCK may play an important role in memory formation.
Spatially defined molecular emitters coupled to plasmonic nanoparticle arrays
Authors: Liu Jianxi , Wang Weijia , Wang Danqing , Hu Jingtian , Ding Wendu , Schaller Richard D. , Schatz George C. , Odom Teri W. 
Published: March 2019

Significance
The precise organization of molecular and functional nanoscale building blocks is a long-standing challenge in nanoscience. In particular, overlapping molecular emission with collective optical excitations at the nanoscale can result in exquisite control over the intensity, wavelength, and direction of emitted light. This work describes how positioning molecules that are components of a crystalline material called metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) around plasmonic nanoparticle arrays can result in strongly enhanced emission at wavelengths determined by the lattice, including the splitting of spectral bands by interference effects that do not require strong lattice–molecule coupling for their interpretation. This hybrid platform provides a framework for both spatially and temporally enhancing the properties of luminescent MOFs.
Detection of early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma in asymptomatic HBsAg-seropositive individuals by liquid biopsy
Authors: Qu Chunfeng , Wang Yuting , Wang Pei , Chen Kun , Wang Minjie , Zeng Hongmei , Lu Jianquan , Song Qianqian , Diplas Bill H. , Tan Da , Fan Chunsun , Guo Qigao , Zhu Zheng , Yin Huihui , Jiang Liping , Chen Xixi , Zhao Hui , He Huan , Wang Yong , Li Guangyu , Bi Xinyu , Zhao Xinming , Chen Taoyang , Tang Hongping , Lv Chuanguo , Wang Dongmei , Chen Wanqing , Zhou Jianguo , Zhao Hong , Cai Jianqiang , Wang Xiaoyue , Wang Sizhen , Yan Hai , Zeng Yi-Xin , Cavenee Webster K. , Jiao Yuchen 
Published: March 2019

Significance
We detected cfDNA somatic mutations in combination with protein markers to efficiently identify early stage HCC from asymptomatic HBsAg-seropositive individuals in a community population. We designed an assay to profile multiple types of genetic variations in parallel so that 2 mL of plasma were sufficient to achieve high sensitivity in the detection of cfDNA mutations. The assay successfully identified four early-stage HCC cases (<3 cm) from 331 HBsAg (+) individuals who were negative based on screening with serum AFP and ultrasonography. The positive predictive value was 17%, which was much higher than in previous studies. This paper shows that the combination of cfDNA and serum protein markers has significant promise for the early detection of HCC in the community population.
Earlier phenology of a nonnative plant increases impacts on native competitors
Authors: Alexander Jake M. , Levine Jonathan M. 
Published: March 2019

SignificanceAdaptation to climate can promote the spread of nonnative species, but its wider impacts on native species have rarely been studied. Prickly lettuce (Lactuca serriola), an annual plant that has been introduced from Europe around the world, flowers earlier in arid climates such as those of southern California. By comparingL. serriolapopulations differing in flowering time within common garden experiments, we demonstrated that native California annual plants experienced stronger competition from the local early floweringL. serriolathan later flowering plants from the ancestral European range, making their predicted persistence withL. serriolamore difficult. Our study suggests that climate adaptation can have cascading effects on ecological communities, potentially increasing the impacts of biological invasions.
Point centromere activity requires an optimal level of centromeric noncoding RNA
Authors: Ling Yick Hin , Yuen Karen Wing Yee 
Published: March 2019

Significance
Budding yeast harbors a simple point centromere, which is originally believed to be sequence dependent without much epigenetic regulation and is transcription incompatible, as inserting a strong promoter upstream inactivates the centromere completely. Here, we demonstrate that an optimal level centromeric noncoding RNA is required for budding yeast centromere activity. Centromeric transcription is induced in S phase, coinciding with the assembly of new centromeric proteins. Too much or too little centromeric noncoding RNA leads to centromere malfunction. Overexpression of centromeric noncoding RNA reduces the protein levels and chromatin localization of inner centromere and kinetochore proteins, such as CENP-A, CENP-C, and the chromosome passenger complex. This work shows that point centromere is epigenetically regulated by noncoding RNA.
Processing bodies control the selective translation for optimal development of Arabidopsis young seedlings
Authors: Jang Geng-Jen , Yang Jun-Yi , Hsieh Hsu-Liang , Wu Shu-Hsing 
Published: March 2019

Significance
Photomorphogenic development allows young plant seedlings to acquire photosynthetic activities and growth competitiveness when they emerge from soil. More than 1,000 mRNAs are translationally inert in dark-grown seedlings but quickly engage in translation when seedlings are first exposed to light signals. However, why some mRNAs undergo selective translation, how the selective translation is regulated, and why it is important remain unknown. Our work fills in this missing gap by demonstrating that processing bodies function as mRNA reservoirs in dark-grown seedlings. Photoreceptors negate the function of a negative regulator CONSTITUTIVE PHOTOMORPHOGENIC 1 (COP1), thereby reducing the accumulation of processing bodies in light-grown seedlings to release thousands of mRNAs for translation, which explains in part the light-enhanced global translation in photomorphogenic seedlings.
Reduced CENPU expression inhibits lung adenocarcinoma cell proliferation and migration through PI3K/AKT signaling
Authors: Li Jun , Wang Zhi-Guang , Pang Long-Bin , Zhang Rong-Hua , Wang Ya-Yan 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACTCENPU (centromere protein U), a centromere component essential for mitosis, relates with some cancers progression. However, it is not well illustrated in lung adenocarcinoma (LAC). Here, we aimed to investigate the potential effect of CENPU on LAC progression and prognosis. In this experiment, expression level of CENPU and association between its expression and LAC patients’ clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis were analyzed. The proliferation, migration and invasive abilities of LAC cells were determined by CCK-8, colony formation, transwell assays. Western blot was used to detect PI3K/AKT signaling key proteins. We found CENPU level was overexpressed in LAC tissues on comparing normal tissues. Moreover, CENPU overexpression correlated with clinicopathological variables and predicted an independent prognostic indicator in LAC patients. Functionally, CENPU downregulation significantly inhibited LAC cell proliferation, migration and invasion in, which was possibly mediated by PI3K/AKT pathway inactivation. Our findings insinuate targeting CENPU may be a potential therapeutic strategy for LAC.
A Positive Mood Induction for Reducing the Formation of Nocebo Effects from Side Effect Information
Authors: Geers Andrew L , Close Shane , Caplandies Fawn C , Vase Lene 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBackgroundProviding treatment side effect information can increase the occurrence of side effects through nocebo effects. Nocebo effects from side effect information raise a dilemma for health care, as there is an ethical obligation to disclose potential unpleasant treatment information to patients.PurposeTo test the hypothesis that a positive mood induction can block the development of nocebo effects that result from treatment side effect information.MethodsIn a laboratory setting, healthy participants were assigned to one of four conditions in a between-subjects randomized factorial trial. First, participants took part in a mood induction procedure, with half receiving a positive mood induction and the other half a neutral mood induction. Next, participants were told they would experience transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS). Prior to a sham tDCS task, half of the participants were informed that headache pain is a side effect of tDCS, whereas the other half were not given this information.ResultsIn the neutral mood condition, the provision of headache side effect information lead to a greater occurrence of headaches, more frequent headaches, and a higher maximum level of headache pain as compared to those given no side effect information. In the positive mood condition, a similar increase in headache pain did not manifest from the provision of side effect information.ConclusionsThis is the first experiment to find that a positive mood induction can block the formation of nocebo effects that arise from side effect information. Inducing positive moods may be an effective strategy for reducing nocebo effects in a variety of clinical settings.
Chancy Modus Ponens
Authors: Neth Sven 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Chancy modus ponens is the following inference scheme: ‘probably φ’, ‘if φ, then ψ’, therefore, ‘probably ψ’ (Yalcin 2010, Moss 2015). I argue that Chancy modus ponens is invalid in general. I further argue that the invalidity of Chancy modus ponens sheds new light on the alleged counterexample to modus ponens presented by McGee (1985). I close by observing that, although Chancy modus ponens is invalid in general, we can recover a restricted sense in which this scheme of inference is valid.