bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Embodiment of activity progress
Authors: Oshima Sae 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
This paper examines participants’ negotiation of temporality in the service-assessment activity in haircutting sessions. The customer performs an adequate inspection to validate their assessment, and the stylist secures enough time for the customer’s self-inspection to ensure their satisfaction. Yet, an efficient progress of this activity is crucial, as there are often subsequent customers waiting. My analysis shows that this dilemma of taking enough time without taking too much time is managed by the participants’ embodiment of valid activity progress, which is realized through their (sometimes asynchronous) mobilization of multimodal resources. Such activity organization helps participants not only to embody the meaningful (versus wasted) consumption of time, but also to secure the customer’s enhanced appreciation of the service outcome.
Sociolinguistics vs pragmatics
Authors: Holmes Janet 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Sociolinguists describe the linguistic resources available in speech communities, and provide a systematic account of how social variables influence linguistic choices from among those resources. Pragmatics explains how individuals use linguistic resources to produce and interpret meaning in interaction, and sometimes to change relationships. Certain aspects of each discipline are generally recognized as distinct, but there are also areas of overlap. Using workplace discourse to explore the constraints of egalitarianism and gender in New Zealand society, I illustrate the advantage of drawing on both disciplines, and demonstrate how macro-level (societal) and meso-level (eg. workplace teams, communities of practice) sociolinguistic norms may act as sociopragmatic constraints or as a focus for contestation in interaction at the micro-level in face-to-face workplace interaction.
Discourse pragmatics
Authors: Fetzer Anita 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
The multifaceted and multi-layered phenomenon of discourse has been examined in diverse research paradigms, concentrating on text as the object of investigation, on the connectedness between text and society, and on the representation of discourse. All approaches share the premise that discourse is a parts-whole configuration.
This chapter argues that interlocutors perform communicative action with discourse and in discourse, delimiting discourse from context on the one hand, and from arbitrarily concatenated discursive parts on the other. Their patterned linearisation is constrained by (1) the semantics and pragmatics of the constitutive discourse units, (2) the semantics and pragmatics of the joints, metaphorically speaking, and (3) the semantics and pragmatics of discourse-as-a-whole, demonstrating that the whole is always more than the sum of its constitutive parts. The argumentation is supported by discourse-analytic and pragmatic analyses of British political discourse, demonstrating where the two paradigms meet and where they depart.
The interface between pragmatics and conversation analysis
Authors: Drew Paul 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
In his authoritative account of Pragmatics, Levinson (1983) included conversation analysis (CA) as firmly part of pragmatics. Others have perhaps been more cautious about whether CA is really relevant to the pragmatics programme. Despite the differences and divergences between CA and pragmatics, they share a number of key interests, especially in three of the foundational areas of pragmatics – namely implicature (e.g., from Grice 1975), speech acts (social action) (e.g., from Austin 1962 and Searle 1969) and presupposition and well-formedness (e.g., from Lakoff 1971). I will show examples that demonstrate the distinctiveness of CA’s approach to these core pragmatic aspects of language use – in the spirit of demonstrating how CA’s approach complements and does not detract from approaches in pragmatics.
Narrative studies versus pragmatics (of narrative)
Authors: Norrick Neal R. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
This chapter considers the interface between pragmatics and narrative studies, initially with reference to Labovian, conversation analytic (CA) and psycholinguistic approaches to narrative, where common ground is found between these and more properly pragmatic approaches in such topics as tellability and telling rights, along with a shared interest in micro-analytic matters of how tense shifts signal perspective, how discourse markers and repetition mark narrative boundaries and the like. Then it introduces a specifically pragmatic perspective on narrative, considering recurrent functions of stories roughly at the illocutionary level, including both direct and indirect speech acts. This constitutes a top-down, macro-pragmatic perspective on narrative, significantly distinct from CA considerations of epistemic justification for telling or psycholinguistic matters of identity construction.
The interface between pragmatics and gesture studies
Authors: Pereira Gerardine M. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
This chapter considers the interface between pragmatics and gesture studies, focusing on the dynamics of communication and interaction as people engage in language use. It presents a systematic linguistic study of the relationship of speech, gesture, and eye gaze. Based on face-to-face interactions, pragmatic topics, such as cohesion and repetition, will be revisited to investigate speech, gesture, and gaze in context. It will be demonstrated how interactants create and maintain joint action, how they engage in F-formations to negotiate steps within an interaction space and to contribute to activities. The chapter aims at establishing a pragmatic perspective on gesture and gaze in context to supplement and extend previous gesture-based research and to derive new implications for the study of human communication.
Uncle Leo’s adventures in East Asia
Authors: Daliot-Bul Michal 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe best-selling children’s book seriesUncle Leo’s Adventuresby Yannets Levi became a sensation in Israel when it was translated into several Asian languages including Korean, Chinese, English for the Indian sub-continent, and Japanese. More than just a simple story of cross-cultural exchange, the globalization of the series allows for a look into the ways editors and translators in different cultures handle translation as a cultural and economic opportunity. This article focuses on the Gordian knot that links translation to culturally specific preferences. Combining interviews with a comparative study of the different solutions to the translation of literary and visual elements used inUncle Leo, it explores the relations between entrepreneurship and culture, the politics of culture, and the universality/cultural specificity of imagination and of being a child.
History, uses and production.
Authors: Creasy G. L. , Creasy L. L. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract

The grapevine (Vitis spp.) is cultivated all over the world and the grape itself is used for a myriad of products. Most grapes are grown for the production of wine but, when first discovered, its appeal as fresh eating fruit was probably what attracted the first hunter-gatherers. Today, the fruit is used in a wide variety of products, ranging through fresh fruit, preserves, juice, wine and raisins. This chapter describes the geographical origins, natural growth conditions, historical cultivation and uses of grapevine. The grape-producing countries are also mentioned.
Grapevine growth and fruit development.
Authors: Creasy G. L. , Creasy L. L. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract

This chapter reviews the growth cycle of the grapevine, along with factors that influence it. The fact that the vine is a perennial plant means that management is quite different to that for annual crops, as well as there being unique aspects to cultivating young versus established vines. An overarching concept, that of vine balance, is introduced as it has implications for decisions made from the very start of vineyard planning as to how the weather affects the vine after harvest. Some fruit quality parameters will also be mentioned, particularly with reference to grape berry maturation.
Harvest and postharvest processing.
Authors: Creasy G. L. , Creasy L. L. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract

After harvest, grapes may be consumed fresh, crushed or dehydrated. Fresh table grapes are handled, stored and marketed much like other fruits consumed fresh. Crushed grapes may be directly fermented into wine, pressed into juice that may be fermented into wine, consumed fresh or concentrated for later use. Dehydrated grapes or raisins are also a major product of the vine. The largest use of grapes in the world is still for making wine, although this is declining. This chapter discusses the production, quality, picking, packing, storage, drying, cultivars, processing (e.g. into juice, preserves), and uses of grapes.
Is it possible to regain 'silent' knowledge of farm animal behaviour? - Mini review.
Authors: Ekesbo I. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
The modern veterinarian has, even though she or he has got a thorough ethology education, in many respects less practical knowledge of farm animal behaviour than a farmer's child 100 years ago. The book aims to complement and support this knowledge not only for veterinarians, but also for animal scientists, ethologists and other professionals.
Process-dependent photocatalytic performance of quantum sized ZnO nanoparticles
Authors: Ghaemi Behnaz , Kharrazi Sharmin , Amani Amir , Shahverdi Ahmad Reza 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Photocatalytic properties of ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) strongly depend on their electronic characteristics which can be tuned by varying size, crystal defects and dopings. In this work, ZnO NPs were prepared using a simple chemical precipitation method. Effect of some independent process/synthesis parameters (i.e. reaction time and precursor concentration) on size and ROS generation in ZnO NPs was investigated. Based on TEM analysis and UV–vis absorption spectra, the synthesized nanoparticles ranged from 2.3 to 4.0 nm in size with the spherical morphologies. Moreover, XRD and SAED showed mono-crystal structures with noticeable diffraction peak at 2θ = 36.8° attributed to (101) plane. Using response surface methodology, OH−/Zn+ molar ratio, Zn+ concentration and reaction time were shown to have significant impacts on size of ZnO NPs. At fixed Zn+ concentrations, reaction time was found to be the most effective parameter on ROS generation and photocatalytic activity of NPs. Obtained results demonstrated that ROS generation is strongly dependent on synthesis reaction time as an indicator of oxygen deficiency and crystal formation in ZnO NPs. No clear relation was obtained between size of NPs and their ROS generation/photocatalytic activity in this size range.
Dot2dot: accurate whole-genome tandem repeats discovery
Authors: Genovese Loredana M , Mosca Marco M , Pellegrini Marco , Geraci Filippo 
Published: August 2018

Abstract

Motivation
Large-scale sequencing projects have confirmed the hypothesis that eukaryotic DNA is rich in repetitions whose functional role needs to be elucidated. In particular, tandem repeats (TRs) (i.e. short, almost identical sequences that lie adjacent to each other) have been associated to many cellular processes and, indeed, are also involved in several genetic disorders. The need of comprehensive lists of TRs for association studies and the absence of a computational model able to capture their variability have revived research on discovery algorithms.

Results
Building upon the idea that sequence similarities can be easily displayed using graphical methods, we formalized the structure that TRs induce in dot-plot matrices where a sequence is compared with itself. Leveraging on the observation that a compact representation of these matrices can be built and searched in linear time, we developed Dot2dot: an accurate algorithm fast enough to be suitable for whole-genome discovery of TRs. Experiments on five manually curated collections of TRs have shown that Dot2dot is more accurate than other established methods, and completes the analysis of the biggest known reference genome in about one day on a standard PC.

Availability and implementation
Source code and datasets are freely available upon paper acceptance at the URL: https://github.com/Gege7177/Dot2dot.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Silence and voice in participatory processes – causes, meanings and implications for empowerment
Authors: Brear Michelle 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe empowerment-related outcomes of participation in development rely on community members contributing intellectually to deliberative processes. However, people are entitled to remain silent. Silence is conceptualized both as a form of resistance and a type of structured self-censorship. In participatory development, these divergent conceptualizations manifest as the incongruent recommendations to ‘give voice’ and ‘tolerate silence’. My aim is to advance understandings of the causes and meanings of silence in participatory development and discuss the implications for deliberative processes. I do this through an interpretive analysis of ethnographic data detailing a process of co-designing participatory action research (PAR) about health, which I facilitated. The analysis is informed by Bourdieu’s theory of social power relations and Nussbaum’s capabilities approach. The co-researcher participants often remained silent when provided an opportunity to contribute their voices because they were afraid, for example, of getting the wrong answer. The silences frustrated the co-researchers because they valued having a voice. They frustrated me because I expected and needed the co-researchers to contribute their voice to make the research design process participatory. I used a variety of strategies to disrupt silences, which when successful generated lived experiences through which the co-researchers could imagine themselves as important people, with entitlement and competence to speak. The study demonstrates the importance of considering the structural barriers to marginalized people contributing their voices, and incorporating strategies for disrupting marginalized silences into PAR and other participatory development processes.
Endothelial SIRT1 prevents age-induced impairment of vasodilator responses by enhancing the expression and activity of soluble guanylyl cyclase in smooth muscle cells
Authors: Guo Yumeng , Xu Cheng , Man Andy W C , Bai Bo , Luo Cuiting , Huang Yu , Xu Aimin , Vanhoutte Paul M , Wang Yu 
Published: August 2018

Abstract

Aims
Aged arteries are characterized by attenuated vasodilator and enhanced vasoconstrictor responses, which contribute to the development of diseases such as arterial hypertension, atherosclerosis, and heart failure. SIRT1 is a longevity regulator exerting protective functions against vascular ageing, although the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. This study was designed to elucidate the signalling pathways involved in endothelial SIRT1-mediated vasodilator responses in the arteries of young and old mice. In particular, the contributions of nitric oxide (NO), endothelial NO synthase (eNOS), cyclooxygenase (COX), and/or soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC) were examined.

Methods and results
Wild type (WT) or eNOS knockout (eKO) mice were cross-bred with those overexpressing human SIRT1 selectively in the vascular endothelium (EC-SIRT1). Arteries were collected from the four groups of mice (WT, EC-SIRT1, eKO, and eKO-SIRT1) to measure isometric relaxations/contractions in response to various pharmacological agents. Reduction of NO bioavailability, hyper-activation of COX signalling, and down-regulation of sGC collectively contributed to the decreased vasodilator and increased vasoconstrictor responses in arteries of old WT mice. Overexpression of endothelial SIRT1 did not block the reduction in NO bioavailability but attenuated the hyper-activation of COX-2, thus protecting mice from age-induced vasoconstrictor responses in arteries of EC-SIRT1 mice. Deficiency of eNOS did not affect endothelial SIRT1-mediated anti-contractile activities in arteries of eKO-SIRT1 mice. Mechanistic studies revealed that overexpression of endothelial SIRT1 enhanced Notch signalling to up-regulate sGCβ1 in smooth muscle cells. Increased expression and activity of sGC prevented age-induced hyper-activation of COX-2 as well as the conversion of endothelium-dependent relaxations to contractions in arteries of EC-SIRT1 mice.

Conclusion
Age-induced down-regulation of sGC and up-regulation of COX-2 in arteries are at least partly attributable to the loss-of-endothelial SIRT1 function. Enhancing the endothelial expression and function of SIRT1 prevents early vascular ageing and maintains vasodilator responses, thus representing promising drug targets for cardiovascular diseases.
Gatekeeping function of primary care physicians under Japan’s free-access system: a prospective open cohort study involving 14 isolated islands
Authors: Kaneko Makoto , Motomura Kazuhisa , Mori Hideki , Ohta Ryuichi , Matsuzawa Hiroki , Shimabukuro Akira , Matsushima Masato 
Published: August 2018

Abstract

Background
Gatekeeping is important for strong primary care and cost containment. Under Japan’s free-access system, patients can access any medical institution without referral, which makes it difficult to evaluate the gatekeeping function of primary care physicians (PCPs).

Objectives
To examine the gatekeeping function of PCPs in Japan, we compared the frequencies of visits to primary care clinics, referrals to advanced care and hospitalizations between 14 remote islands and a nationwide survey.

Methods
This study was a prospective, open cohort study involving 14 isolated islands (12 238 inhabitants) in Okinawa, Japan. Participants were all patients who visited the clinics on these islands in 1 year. Main outcome measures were the incidence of on-island clinic visits and referrals to off-island advanced care.

Results
There were 54 741 visits to the islands’ clinics with 2045 referrals to off-island medical facilities, including 549 visits to emergency departments and 705 hospitalizations. The age- and sex-standardized incidences of healthcare use per 1000 inhabitants per month were: 360.0 (95% confidence interval: 359.9 to 360.1) visits to primary care clinics, 11.6 (11.0 to 12.2) referrals to off-island hospital-based outpatient clinics, 3.3 (2.8 to 5.2) visits to emergency departments and 4.2 (3.1 to 5.2) hospitalizations. Comparison with the nationwide survey revealed a lower incidence of visits to hospital-based outpatient clinics in this study, while more patients had visited PCPs.

Conclusions
The lower incidence of visits to secondary care facilities in this study might suggest that introduction of a gatekeeping system to Japan would reduce the incidence of referral to advanced care.
MicroRNA-141-3p Negatively Modulates SDF-1 Expression in Age-Dependent Pathophysiology of Human and Murine Bone Marrow Stromal Cells
Authors: Periyasamy-Thandavan Sudharsan , Burke John , Mendhe Bharati , Kondrikova Galina , Kolhe Ravindra , Hunter Monte , Isales Carlos M , Hamrick Mark W , Hill William D , Fulzele Sadanand 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1 or CXCL12) is a cytokine secreted by cells including bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs). SDF-1 plays a vital role in BMSC migration, survival, and differentiation. Our group previously reported the role of SDF-1 in osteogenic differentiation in vitro and bone formation in vivo; however, our understanding of the post-transcriptional regulatory mechanism of SDF-1 remains poor. MicroRNAs are small noncoding RNAs that post-transcriptionally regulate the messenger RNAs (mRNAs) of protein-coding genes. In this study, we aimed to investigate the impact of miR-141-3p on SDF-1 expression in BMSCs and its importance in the aging bone marrow (BM) microenvironment. Our data demonstrated that murine and human BMSCs expressed miR-141-3p that repressed SDF-1 gene expression at the functional level (luciferase reporter assay) by targeting the 3′-untranslated region of mRNA. We also found that transfection of miR-141-3p decreased osteogenic markers in human BMSCs. Our results demonstrate that miR-141-3p expression increases with age, while SDF-1 decreases in both the human and mouse BM niche. Taken together, these results support that miR-141-3p is a novel regulator of SDF-1 in bone cells and plays an important role in the age-dependent pathophysiology of murine and human BM niche.
Vertical relatedness and services outsourcing: a firm-level analysis
Authors: Cainelli Giulio , Ganau Roberto , Iacobucci Donato 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
This paper analyzes the relationship between local-level vertical relatedness and firms’ services outsourcing, using a data set of 46,671 Italian manufacturing firms observed over the period 1999–2007. The analysis uses a firm-level index of services outsourcing based on the Adelman index, and it proposes a new measure of vertical relatedness. Overall, the results suggest that it is not agglomeration per se that matters for services outsourcing but rather the presence of vertically related industries. The role of firm-level heterogeneity in terms of size, geographic location, and technological regime also emerges.
The ‘Asia threat’ in the US–Australia relationship: then and now
Authors: Rollo Stuart 
Published: August 2018

AbstractFor almost a century before the formal alliance between the United States and Australia in 1941, a relationship was being formed around interrelated perceptions of shared identity and economic, political, and strategic interests. Perhaps the single most important factor in the recognition of shared interests lay in the mutually reinforcing fears of a multilayered ‘Asia threat’ that developed in parallel in both countries, originating as a demographic fear over Chinese migration during gold rushes of the 1850s, and progressing to focus on the growing military power of imperial Japan and geostrategic dominance of the Pacific. In recent years, the rise of China has been the central focus of US–Australia alliance, and, in many respects, the security architecture used to confront China is a legacy of the historical ‘Asia threat’. Understanding the historical context of the relationship is necessary for dispelling the anachronistic ‘Asia threat’ perceptions from the contemporary security policy.