bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Elevated transaminase levels in the postoperative period: sevoflurane re‐exposure?
Authors: Tympa Aliki , Bekiari Altana , Kotsis Thomas , Staikou Chryssoula 
Published: November 2018

SummaryDrug‐induced liver injury can be a life‐threatening complication, especially when it occurs in the peri‐operative setting. The cause of hepatic damage is not always clear and the underlying pathophysiology may be complex. We report a case of a female vascular surgical patient who developed a 27‐fold increase in liver enzymes with mild clinical symptomatology following left carotid endarterectomy under general anaesthesia. The patient had previously undergone right carotid endarterectomy in the same institution 35 days earlier when she had received the same anaesthetic and analgesic regimen without any adverse effects. In the present case, the cause of subclinical liver injury remains uncertain. We suggest that sevoflurane re‐exposure along with an idiosyncratic liver reaction might have resulted in the large increase in serum glutamic‐oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT) and serum glutamic‐pyruvic transaminase (SGPT) values.
The use of TIVA in a patient with Gilbert's syndrome
Authors: McCawley Declan 
Published: November 2018

SummaryGilbert's syndrome is a common condition due to an inherited disorder of hepatic bilirubin metabolism. This is a report of the anaesthetic management of the use of TIVA (total intravenous anaesthesia) for breast surgery under general anaesthesia. Perioperative goals are to minimise fasting and stress during the perioperative period, while avoiding hepatotoxic drugs and those which are exclusively metabolised by the liver.
Emergency Caesarean section complicated by pre‐eclampsia associated liver rupture
Authors: Schreinemakers J. Rieneke C. , Touray Tony 
Published: November 2018

SummaryLiver rupture is a rare complication of pre‐eclampsia, eclampsia, or HELLP syndrome and is associated with high maternal mortality. We report a case of spontaneous rupture and haemorrhage of a subcapsular liver haematoma during an emergency Caesarean section in a patient with pre‐eclampsia and partial HELLP syndrome.
Uvula trauma using a supraglottic airway
Authors: Jellinge Marlene Ersgaard , Petersen Rasmus Hjelmar , Pachai Andra 
Published: November 2018

SummaryIn Denmark, approximately 500 000 anaesthetics are given each year. A laryngeal mask airway or i‐gel (Intersurgical) supraglottic airway is commonly used during anaesthesia. Uvula trauma when using such devices is not very common due to the relative ease of insertion in the majority of patients.This case report was written to highlight the potential risks to the uvula when using a supraglottic airway, and ways we can reduce trauma and instigate treatment.
The use of rocuronium and sugammadex in Huntingdon's disease
Authors: Spooner Brendan , Eagland Karen 
Published: November 2018

SummaryHuntington's disease is a rare neurodegenerative disorder. It presents the anaesthetist with many challenges, including the risk of pulmonary aspiration and potentially prolonged action of some anaesthetic drugs. There is limited information available on anaesthesia in Huntington's disease. We report a successful anaesthetic technique used for a 67‐yr‐old man with the disease who underwent an emergency operation under general anaesthesia using a modified rapid sequence induction with rocuronium and propofol. Muscle relaxation was successfully reversed using sugammadex. We recommend the use of rocuronium and sugammadex for use in Huntington's disease to minimise the risk of pulmonary aspiration.
Postoperative malignant middle cerebral artery infarction following autologous fat injection for velopharyngeal incompetence
Authors: Lawrence Natasha , Burnstein Rowan 
Published: November 2018

SummaryThe minimally invasive technique of autologous fat injection in the head and neck is generally considered to be a safe procedure with few complications. We report a case of malignant middle cerebral artery infarction, managed with decompressive hemicraniectomy, following autologous fat injection for the treatment of velopharyngeal incompetence. Perioperative stroke in nonvascular surgery is rare but is associated with high mortality and disability, irrespective of the cause. The potential difficulties in the diagnosis of perioperative stroke, the proposed mechanism post autologous fat injection and its management are reviewed.
Anaesthetic managment of progeria
Authors: Kumar Sathish , Badawi Claire , Gould Gerard 
Published: November 2018

SummaryA 14 year old female with Hutchinson‐Gilford Progeria presented for urgent orthopaedic intervention following hip dislocation. Progeria is characterised by premature aging, with death commonly occurring by 13 yr of age due to cardiac disease. Difficult and failed intubation is common due to craniofacial abnormalities. This report aims to highlight to the anaesthetist, the issues and potential challenges presented by this extremely rare condition.
Use of thromboelastometry in assessing bleeding or thrombotic risks in a patient with congenital dysfibrinogenaemia
Authors: Ang King‐Sin , Morrison Gary 
Published: November 2018

SummaryA 74‐yr old woman with congenital dysfibrinogenaemia presented with an ischaemic foot requiring a below knee amputation. She had recently undergone popliteal artery angioplasty and was transfused fibrinogen concentrate prior to the procedure. She had no known bleeding or thrombotic episodes in the past, and had not undergone genetic profiling to determine potential phenotypic presentations. On this admission, thromboelastometry was used which demonstrated a prothrombotic trace. A decision was made to withhold transfusion and surgery proceeded uneventfully. We recommend thromboelastometry as a point‐of‐care tool that could be used to provide quick information in aiding perioperative coagulation management of patients with inherited bleeding disorders.
Influence of PDLA nanoparticles size on drug release and interaction with cells
Authors: Cartaxo Ana Luísa , Costa‐Pinto Ana R. , Martins Albino , Faria Susana , Gonçalves Virgínia M. F. , Tiritan Maria Elizabeth , Ferreira Helena , Neves Nuno M. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractPolymeric nanoparticles (NPs) are strong candidates for the development of systemic and targeted drug delivery applications. Their size is a determinant property since it defines the NP–cell interactions, drug loading capacity, and release kinetics. Herein, poly(d,l‐lactic acid) (PDLA) NPs were produced by the nanoprecipitation method, in which the influence of type and concentration of surfactant as well as PDLA concentration were assessed. The adjustment of these parameters allowed the successful production of NPs with defined medium sizes, ranging from 80 to 460 nm. The surface charge of the different NPs populations was consistently negative. Prednisolone was effectively entrapped and released from NPs with statistically different medium sizes (i.e., 80 or 120 nm). Release profiles indicate that these systems were able to deliver appropriate amounts of drug with potential applicability in the treatment of inflammatory conditions. Both NPs populations were cytocompatible with human endothelial and fibroblastic cells, in the range of concentrations tested (0.187–0.784 mg/mL). However, confocal microscopy revealed that within the range of sizes tested in our experiments, NPs presenting a medium size of 120 nm were able to be internalized in endothelial cells. In summary, this study demonstrates the optimization of the processing conditions to obtain PDLA NPs with narrow size ranges, and with promising performance for the treatment of inflammatory diseases. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 107A: 482–493, 2019.
Autophagy induction and antiproliferative effect of a novel curcumin derivative MOMI‐1 on the human lung cancer cells A549
Authors: Zhou Guang‐Zhou , Shi Yan‐Yan , Wei Lin‐Lin , Sun Gang‐Chun 
Published: November 2018

AbstractTo date, there are some chemically synthesized curcumin derivatives which were produced and identified to evade the disadvantages of physiochemical stability and solubility of curcumin. Here, one novel curcumin derivative, (2‐(3‐{(1E)‐{(E)‐3‐(4‐hydroxy‐3‐methoxybenzylidene)‐2‐oxocyclohexylidene)methyl)‐1H‐indol‐1‐yl)acetic acid}, (abbreviated as MOMI‐1) was first used to detect the antiproliferation activity with MTT assays in different cancer cells including A549 lung cancer cells, MCF‐7, and HEPG2 cell lines, and exhibited its wide inhibition spectrum. Next, we found that MOMI‐1 could induce autophagic genesis of A549 cells by acridine orange or monodansylcadaverine (MDC) staining and green fluorescent protein‐light chain 3 (GFP‐LC3) recombinant plasmid transfection analysis, respectively. Western blot analysis confirmed the LC3‐I/II conversion, beclin‐1 increase and p62 reduction of A549 cells after exposure of MOMI‐1, which suggested the typical autophagy induction. The following cell cycle test showed that MOMI‐1 could block A549 cells in G0/G1 phase. Furthermore, wounding healing experiment and transwell assays demonstrated that MOMI‐1 also possessed the antimigration ability of A549 cells. Our current results confirmed that MOMI‐1 could inhibit the proliferation and induce autophagy of A549 cells, which provide a new potential chemical candidate of antigrowth of A549 lung cancer cells. Future work needs to focus on the mechanism of autophagy pathway of A549 cells.
Gold nanoparticle and polyethylene glycol in neural regeneration in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases
Authors: Aghaie Tayebe , Jazayeri Mir Hadi , Manian Mostafa , Khani leila , Erfani Marjan , Rezayi Majid , Ferns Gordon A. , Avan Amir 
Published: November 2018

AbstractGold nanoparticles (GNs) have unique characteristics, for example, stability, biocompatibility, small dimensions, and low toxicity. Several clinical applications have been suggested for GNs, such as diagnosis, imaging, and drug delivery. GNs absorb infrared light, indicating their potential value for imaging. There is growing evidence showing the therapeutic application of GN for drug delivery because of their interaction with the blood‐brain barrier and DNA, the latter being associated with their genotoxic effects. GN can also be stimulated to produce high local temperatures, indicating their potential value in photodynamic therapy in the treatment of tumors. The aim of the current review is to summarize the potential applications of GNs in the biomedical field, specifically in neurodegenerative diseases.
The β subunit of soluble guanylyl cyclase GUCY1B3 exerts cardioprotective effects against ischemic injury via the PKCε/Akt pathway
Authors: Wang Xiaomin , Du Wei , Li Meng , Zhang Yong , Li Hongyu , Sun Kai , Liu Jianping , Dong Pengxia , Meng Xianda , Yi Wensi , Yang Liu , Zhao Ruiping , Hu Jiang 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe soluble form of guanylyl cyclase (sGC) is the main receptor for the signaling agent nitric oxide (NO), which regulates cardiomyocyte contractile function and attenuates cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. sGC catalyzes the formation of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), a regulator of vascular tone, and cardiac NO‐sGC‐cGMP signaling modulates cardiac stress responses, including ischemia and reperfusion (IR) injury. Here, we investigated the role of GUCY1B3 (the β subunit of sGC) in cardiomyocyte IR injury and myocardial infarction (MI) in vitro and in vivo. GUCY1B3 was upregulated in neonatal rat ventricular myocytes in response to IR injury, and GUCY1B3 overexpression restored IR‐induced cell death and apoptosis. Treatment with specific inhibitors of PKCδ, PKCε, and Akt suggested that the protective effects of GUCY1B3 were mediated by PKCε/Akt signaling. In a mouse model of coronary artery ligation‐induced MI, GUCY1B3 silencing aggravated MI‐induced cardiac dysfunction and increased infarct size and exacerbated cardiomyocyte apoptosis in association with the inactivation of PKCε and Akt. Our results suggest that GUCY1B3 exerts cardioprotective effects through the modulation of the PKCε/Akt activity and identify a potential mechanism involved in NO‐sGC‐cGMP signaling in the heart.
Using a panel of multiple tumor‐associated antigens to enhance the autoantibody detection in the immunodiagnosis of ovarian cancer
Authors: Wang Peng , Qin Jiejie , Ye Hua , Li Liuxia , Wang Xiao , Zhang Jianying 
Published: November 2018

AbstractBackgroundOvarian cancer (OC) is a major malignancy affecting a large population over the world, and a biomarker that holds diagnostic potential is of critical importance. Recently, autoantibodies have been indicated as biomarkers in multiple cancer research. The current study was designed to explore the practice of using autoantibodies in diagnostic settings by the enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay of sera with a panel of tumor‐associated antigens (TAAs).MethodsA panel of 12 TAAs was selected to detect the corresponding autoantibodies in sera sampled from 132 OC patients as case group and 147 normal healthy individuals as the control group. The diagnostic potential of this panel was evaluated by conventional evaluation, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses, and classification tree analysis.ResultsWhen the cutoff values were set as mean ± 2 SD for normal healthy individuals, the positive rates of antibodies to any single TAA were less than 20% both in OC and in normal healthy individuals. In a parallel screening approach, a panel of nine TAAs (p53, C‐myc, p90, p62, AHSG, 14‐3‐3zeta, RalA, Koc, and p16), obtained optimal diagnostic performance in OC with the sensitivity of 61.4% at the 85.0% specificity. In addition, when the nine TAAs were combined with CA125, the sensitivity and specificity were improved to 94.7% and 78.2%, respectively. The ROC curve analyses showed that only the area under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUCs) of antibodies against C‐myc, Koc, and RalA was beyond 0.6, which were 0.732, 0.668, and 0.665, respectively. The AUC of the combination was up to 0.914 (P < 0.05). Decision tree analysis showed that C‐myc, HCC1.3, RalA, and CA125 held high potential in the detection of OC. The panel of nine TAAs also identified 78.8% of OC patients who had normal CA125 levels in their serum samples, indicating that elevated CA125 and anti‐TAA antibodies appeared to be independent but supplementary biomarkers for diagnosing OC.ConclusionsIn summary, the current study further supports that a customized TAA panel can serve as a promising and powerful tool for immunodiagnosis of OC and may be particularly useful in patients with normal CA125 levels.
Berbamine ameliorates isoproterenol‐induced myocardial infarction by inhibiting mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis in rats
Authors: Saranya Sithuraj , Baskaran Rathinasamy , Poornima Paramasivan , Vijaya Padma Viswanadha 
Published: November 2018

AbstractBerbamine (BBM), a bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid from roots, bark, and stem of Berberis plant such as Berberis aristata has a wide range of pharmacological activities. However, the evidence for the cardioprotective effect of BBM is inadequate and the molecular mechanism of BBM remains unclear. This study investigated the underlying molecular mechanism of BBM‐mediated cardioprotection on isoproterenol (ISO)‐induced mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis in rats. The assays of mitochondria antioxidant status, mitochondrial marker enzymes, and electron microscopic analysis of mitochondria revealed BBM significantly prevented the mitochondrial dysfunction induced by ISO. The ISO‐induced elevation of mitochondrial oxidative stress was also curbed by BBM. Furthermore, pretreatment with BBM protected the heart tissue from ISO‐induced apoptosis as evident from decreased terminal dUTP nickend‐labeling positive cells and decreased expression of Bax, cytochrome c, cleaved caspase‐9, and caspase‐3, and poly (ADP‐ribose) polymerase and increased expression of Bcl‐2 in ISO‐induced rats. These current findings suggest that BBM exerts a significant cardioprotective effect on ISO‐induced myocardial infarction in rats.
The effect of long noncoding RNAs HOX transcript antisense intergenic RNA single‐nucleotide polymorphisms on breast cancer, cervical cancer, and ovarian cancer susceptibility: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Li Jia , Liu Ruijuan , Tang Shifeng , Feng Fubin , Wang Xue , Qi Lingyu , Liu Cun , Yao Yan , Sun Changgang 
Published: November 2018

AbstractRecent studies have shown that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNA) HOX transcript antisense intergenic RNA (HOTAIR) polymorphisms are associated with cancer susceptibility. The greatest threat to women’s health among a variety of cancers is breast cancer (BC), cervical cancer (CC), and ovarian cancer (OC), and the incidence of it is increasing. We performed a meta‐analysis to clarify the relationship between lncRNA HOTAIR expression and BC, CC, and OC susceptibility. We thoroughly searched PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library to obtain the relevant literature. We extracted data from case groups and control groups for each single‐nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) (rs4759314, rs920778, rs189663, rs12826786, rs7958904, and rs874945) and compared the relationship between alleles, codominance models, dominant and invisible models and BC, CC, and OC susceptibility. Our study included 11 studies with a total of 5322 patients. There was a significant association between the rs4759314 polymorphism of HOTAIR and susceptibility to BC, CC, and OC (codominant model: AG/AA odds ratio [OR] = 1.13 [95% confidence intervals [CI], 1.00‐1.29], GG/AA OR = 1.54 [95% CI, 1.06‐2.23]; dominant model: GG + AG/AA OR = 1.16 [95% CI, 1.02‐1.32]; and recessive model: GG/AA + AG OR = 1.51 [95% CI, 1.05‐2.19]). The association between the expression of rs920778 and BC, CC, and OC susceptibility was not clear (alleles T/C: OR = 1.28 [95% CI, 0.87‐1.89]; in codominant model: CT/CC OR = 1.10, [95% CI, 0.71‐1.71], TT/CC OR = 1.29 [95% CI, 0.59‐2.80]; dominant model: TC + TT/CC OR = 1.16, [95% CI, 0.73‐1.86]; and recessive model: TT/TC + CC OR = 1.43, [95% CI, 0.83‐2.47]). HOTAIR polymorphism rs1899663 was associated with BC, CC, and OC susceptibility to a certain extent, (alleles T/G OR = 0.90 [95% CI, 0.69‐1.16]; in the codominant model: GT/GG OR = 0.81 [95% CI, 0.50‐1.30], TT/GG OR = 1.04 [95% CI, 0.63‐1.72]; dominant model: GT + TT/GG OR = 0.82 [95% CI, 0.52‐1.29]; and recessive model: TT/GT + GG OR = 1.21 [95% CI, 0.76‐1.94]). The rs12826786, rs7958904, and rs874945 polymorphisms were associated with a certain degree of BC, CC, and OC susceptibility, but they were not statistically significant. HOTAIR rs4759314 increased susceptibility to BC, CC, and OC in some patients; rs029778 and rs1899663 also increased susceptibility to some extent. SNPs rs12826786, rs7958904, and rs874945 did not correlate with an effect on patient susceptibility to BC, CC, and OC.
MyD88 overexpression deteriorates Ang‐II‐induced ED via upregulating MPO and COX2 and downregulating eNOS in the corpus cavernosum of rats
Authors: Zhang Haishan , Zhang Shujuan , Jia Linpei , Li Hai 
Published: November 2018

AbstractIntroductionErectile dysfunction (ED) is a common sexual problem for men and the exploration of its treatment is still in mire demand. We aim to investigate the role of the Toll‐like receptor 4 (TLR4)/myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88 (MyD88) signaling pathway in the pathogenesis of angiotensin II (Ang‐II) induced ED.MethodsMale Sprague‐Dawlay rats were treated with Ang‐II and intracavernous pressure (ICP) was measured to confirm the occurrence of ED. The corpus cavernosum penises of rats were transfected with plasmids to overexpressed MyD88. Inflammatory and vascular parameters including myeloperoxidase (MPO), cyclooxygenase2 (COX2), endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), reactive oxygen species (ROS), and cytokines in treated and untreated ED rats were measured. Flow cytometry was used to determine the apoptosis of endothelial cells of corpus cavernosum penises of rats.ResultsAng‐II‐induced ED rats were found to contain upregulated TLR4, MyD88, MPO, and COX2, and downregulated eNOS. MyD88 overexpression deteriorates cavernous structural damage, reduces ICP and ICP/MAP values and reverses the therapeutic effect of anti‐TLR4 antibodies in rats with Ang‐II‐induced ED. Moreover, overexpression of MyD88 further upregulated MPO and COX2, downregulated eNOS, promoted oxidative stress, inflammation, and cell apoptosis rate via positively regulating the TLR4/MyD88 signaling pathway, while anti‐TLR4 antibodies downregulated MPO and COX2, upregulated eNOS, suppressed oxidative stress, inflammation, and cell apoptosis rate via inactivating the TLR4/MyD88 signaling pathway in the rat corpus cavernosum penises. Furthermore, MyD88 overexpression promotes oxidative stress and inflammation and reverses the effect of anti‐TLR4 antibodies in the penis of ED rats.ConclusionMyD88 overexpression deteriorates Ang‐II‐induced ED via upregulating MPO and COX2 and downregulating eNOS in the corpus cavernosum rats.
LncRNA OIP5‐AS1 predicts poor prognosis and regulates cell proliferation and apoptosis in bladder cancer
Authors: Wang Yang , Shi Fu , Xia Yong , Zhao Huacai 
Published: November 2018

AbstractOpa‐interacting protein 5 antisense RNA 1 (OIP5‐AS1) is a long intergenic noncoding RNA, which has been suggested to be dysregulated in human cancers and served as tumor suppressor or promoter depending on tumor types. However, the role of OIP5‐AS1 in bladder cancer was still unknown. In our study, OIP5‐AS1 was overexpressed in bladder cancer, and associated with clinical progression and short overall survival. The loss‐of‐function studies suggested downregulation of OIP5‐AS1 expression decreased cell viability, induced cell‐cycle arrest and promoted cell apoptosis in bladder cancer. There was a positive association between OIP5‐AS1 expression and OIP5 expression in bladder cancer tissues. Moreover, downregulation of OIP5‐AS1 expression reduced messenger RNA and protein levels of OIP5 in bladder cancer cell lines. In conclusion, OIP5‐AS1 is a useful biomarker for predicting clinical progression and poor prognosis and promotes cell proliferation through modulating OIP5 expression.
A C‐type CpG ODN accelerates wound healing via regulating fibroblasts and immune response
Authors: Li Lina , Xu Zhenyu , Zuo Jian , Ding Jin 
Published: November 2018

AbstractAbolished or delayed wound healing is a serious problem in clinical surgery, therefore, the new therapy for wound healing is needed. Synthetic oligodeoxynucleotides containing one or more CpG motifs (CpG ODN) has been reported to activate the immune system and improves skin wound healing. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the role of a new C‐type CpG ODN in wound healing. We found that the CpG ODN promoted cell proliferation and collagen I production in human skin fibroblasts cells. Besides, we also investigated the effect of CpG ODN on the activation of immune cells. The macrophages and plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) were incubated with CpG ODN. CpG ODN activated macrophage and pDCs via regulating TLR9/MyD88/NF‐κB pathway and TLR9/MyD88/IRF7 pathway, respectively. To further evaluate the effect of CpG ODN on wound healing in vivo a wound healing model was established in mice. The results showed that CpG ODN treatment accelerated wound healing in mice. CpG ODN increased cytokines secretion in wound skin and elevated the ratio of CD4
+ and CD8
+ T cells in the spleen. Our results showed that CpG ODN accelerated wound healing, which was partly due to the regulation of fibroblasts and immune response. The findings suggested that the CpG ODN might be a proper medicament for the treatment of wound healing.