bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tuning direct-written terahertz metadevices with organic mixed ion-electron conductors
Authors: Bortolotti Cristiano , Grandi Federico , Butti Matteo , Gatto Lorenzo , Modena Francesco , Kousseff Christina , McCulloch Iain , Vozzi Caterina , Caironi Mario , Cinquanta Eugenio , Bonacchini Giorgio Ernesto 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn the past decade, organic mixed ion-electron conductors have been successfully adopted in innovative bioelectronic, neuromorphic, and electro-optical technologies, as well as in multiple energy harvesting and printed electronics applications. However, despite the intense research efforts devoted to these materials, organic mixed conductors have not yet found application in electronic/photonic devices operating in key regions of the electromagnetic spectrum, such as the microwave (>5 GHz) and terahertz (0.1-10 THz) ranges. A possible reason for this technological gap is the widespread notion that organic electronic materials are unsuitable for high-frequency applications. In this work, we demonstrate for the first time the utility of high-performance polymer mixed conductors as electro-active tuning layers in reconfigurable terahertz metasurfaces, achieving modulation performances comparable with state-of-the-art inorganic and 2D semiconductors. Through time-domain terahertz spectroscopy, we show that the large conductivity modulations of these polymers, until now probed only at very low frequencies, are effectively preserved in the terahertz range, leading to optimal metadevice reconfigurability. Finally, we leverage the unique processability of organic materials to develop fully direct-written electrically tuneable metasurfaces onto both rigid and flexible substrates, opening new opportunities for the mass-scale realization of flexible and light-weight terahertz optics with unique mechanical characteristics and environmental footprint.
Rapid chromosome evolution and acquisition of thermosensitive stochastic sex determination in nematode androdioecious hermaphrodites
Authors: Yoshida Kohta , Witte Hanh , Hatashima Ryo , Sun Simo , Kikuchi Taisei , Röseler Waltraud , Sommer Ralf J. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe factors contributing to evolution of androdioecy, the coexistence of hermaphrodites and males such as in Caenorhabditis elegans, remains poorly known. However, nematodes exhibit androdioecy in at last 13 genera with the predatory genus Pristionchus having seven independent transitions towards androdioecy. Nonetheless, associated genomic architecture and sex determination mechanisms are largely known from Caenorhabditis. Here, studying 47 Pristionchus species, we observed repeated chromosome evolution which abolished the ancestral XX/XO sex chromosome system. Two phylogenetically unrelated androdioecious Pristionchus species have no genomic differences between sexes and mating hermaphrodites with males resulted in hermaphroditic offspring only. We demonstrate that stochastic sex determination is influenced by temperature in P. mayeri and P. entomophagus, and CRISPR engineering indicated a conserved role of the transcription factor TRA-1 in P. mayeri. Chromosome-level genome assemblies and subsequent genomic analysis of related Pristionchus species revealed stochastic sex determination to be derived from XY sex chromosome systems through sex chromosome-autosome fusions. Thus, rapid karyotype evolution, sex chromosome evolution and evolvable sex determination mechanisms are general features of this genus, and represent a dynamic background against which androdioecy has evolved recurrently. Future studies might indicate that stochastic sex determination is more common than currently appreciated.
Back flux during anaerobic oxidation of butane supports archaea-mediated alkanogenesis
Authors: Chen Song-Can , Chen Sheng , Musat Niculina , Kümmel Steffen , Ji Jiaheng , Lund Marie Braad , Gilbert Alexis , Lechtenfeld Oliver J. , Richnow Hans-Hermann , Musat Florin 
Published: November 2024

AbstractMicrobial formation and oxidation of volatile alkanes in anoxic environments significantly impacts biogeochemical cycles on Earth. The discovery of archaea oxidizing volatile alkanes via deeply branching methyl-coenzyme M reductase variants, dubbed alkyl-CoM reductases (ACR), prompted the hypothesis of archaea-catalysed alkane formation in nature (alkanogenesis). A combination of metabolic modelling, anaerobic physiology assays, and isotope labeling of Candidatus Syntrophoarchaeum archaea catalyzing the anaerobic oxidation of butane (AOB) show a back flux of CO2 to butane, demonstrating reversibility of the entire AOB pathway. Back fluxes correlate with thermodynamics and kinetics of the archaeal catabolic system. AOB reversibility supports a biological formation of butane, and generally of higher volatile alkanes, helping to explain the presence of isotopically light alkanes and deeply branching ACR genes in sedimentary basins isolated from gas reservoirs.
Subtleties in Clathrin heavy chain binding boxes provide selectivity among adaptor proteins of budding yeast
Authors: Defelipe Lucas A. , Veith Katharina , Burastero Osvaldo , Kupriianova Tatiana , Bento Isabel , Skruzny Michal , Kölbel Knut , Uetrecht Charlotte , Thuenauer Roland , García-Alai Maria M. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractClathrin forms a triskelion, or three-legged, network that regulates cellular processes by facilitating cargo internalization and trafficking in eukaryotes. Its N-terminal domain is crucial for interacting with adaptor proteins, which link clathrin to the membrane and engage with specific cargo. The N-terminal domain contains up to four adaptor-binding sites, though their role in preferential occupancy by adaptor proteins remains unclear. In this study, we examine the binding hierarchy of adaptors for clathrin, using integrative biophysical and structural approaches, along with in vivo functional experiments. We find that yeast epsin Ent5 has the highest affinity for clathrin, highlighting its key role in cellular trafficking. Epsins Ent1 and Ent2, crucial for endocytosis but thought to have redundant functions, show distinct binding patterns. Ent1 exhibits stronger interactions with clathrin than Ent2, suggesting a functional divergence toward actin binding. These results offer molecular insights into adaptor protein selectivity, suggesting they competitively bind clathrin while also targeting three different clathrin sites.
Limited stability of Hepatitis B virus RNA in plasma and serum
Authors: Ohlendorf Valerie , Bremer Birgit , Sandmann Lisa , Mix Carola , Tergast Tammo , Cornberg Markus , Wedemeyer Heiner , Deterding Katja , Maasoumy Benjamin 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPregenomic hepatitis B virus RNA (HBV pgRNA) is a potential biomarker in the management of HBV infected patients. However, prior to the use in routine clinical practice potential confounders of test results need to be identified. This study investigates the stability of HBV pgRNA under various storage conditions. HBV-RNA level of 26 HBV patients were determined using the Roche cobas® 6800/8800 investigational HBV-RNA assay. Plasma and serum were stored for 6,48,169 h at 4,25 and 42 °C, respectively. Additionally, 10 serum and plasma samples underwent 4 or 11 cycles of freezing (−80 °C) and thawing (25 °C). A significant decline in mean pgRNA concentration compared to baseline was observed after storage for 48 h at 25 °C as well as after 6 h of storage at 42 °C. Accordingly, sub-analyses of predefined pgRNA baseline concentrations (≤ 10 cp/mL, > 10–100 cp/ml, > 100 cp/mL) revealed significant changes in pgRNA level after storage at 25 and 42 °C. No effect of freezing and thawing on pgRNA level was observed. A qualitative detection of HBV pgRNA is feasible in samples with > 100 cp/mL up to 48 h under storage temperatures of 4–42 °C. For most stable quantitative HBV pgRNA values storage at 4 °C should be preferred.
Young athletes’ mental well-being is associated with smartphone social networking application usage and moderated by performance level and app type
Authors: Fiedler Radha , Geber Jahan , Reichert Markus , Kellmann Michael 
Published: November 2024

AbstractSmartphones and social media have become an integral part of human daily life and they influence mental well-being. These accounts have been researched in the general population, but not in athletes. This is critical given enhanced physical and emotional stressors in athletes versus non-athletes. Therefore, we here studied intra- and interindividual relationships of four social media sites (WhatsApp, TikTok, Instagram, and Snapchat) with mood, stress, recovery, and sleep using log-based media usage tracking as an objective measure in 53 competitive athletes aged 12–27 years. Multilevel modeling revealed that intraindividual TikTok usage negatively predicted sleep (β = −0.10, p = 0.040) and recovery (β = −0.15, p < 0.002), and positively predicted stress (β = 0.12, p = 0.018). Interindividual Instagram usage predicted feelings of calmness (β = 0.27, p = 0.029) and valence (β = 0.20, p = 0.043). Intriguingly, competition level moderated the usage outcomes of all four apps: Athletes on low performance levels showed lower mental well-being when using social media longer, yet in national and international athletes the strength of these relationships was weaker or even reversed. Our study unravels social media usage associations with mental well-being to vary as a function of performance level and provides findings on intra- and interindividual effects of critical importance to inform future population-tailored and expedient interventions.
Experimental and numerical investigations of double bracket to CHS column joints
Authors: Abdelaal Ahmed H. , Radwan Tamer H. , Shaat Amr A. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe primary objective of this study is to precisely characterize the behavior of double bracket-to-circular Hollow Section (CHS) column joints due to combined internal forces resulting from double tensile loading in opposite directions. In order to accomplish this goal, an experimental program consisting of eight test specimens has been carried out and numerical finite element modeling has been employed for the same specimens to analyze the stresses and deformations that occur within the vicinity of bracket-to-CHS joints. A total of 15 finite element models were constructed to simulate the initial study, addressing boundary conditions and facilitating verification and results comparison. The study included an investigation of various parameters, including the spacing between brackets in the longitudinal direction, as well as the depth-to-thickness ratio of the CHS columns and adding a T-stiffener to the bracket configuration. The study determined that an increase in the diameter-to-thickness ratio of the CHS columns significantly reduced the overall strength of the joint. Furthermore, findings suggested that increasing the longitudinal spacing between brackets resulted in an increase in single-bracket joint strength and a minor reduction regarding joint strength considering the effect of line loading. Moreover, adding a T-stiffener shape for the brackets enhanced the joint strength and prevented bracket tip fracture. In addition, a distinct behavior arises when considering joints with positive eccentricity, where the forces’ line of action extends beyond the circular cross-section of the CHS. In such cases, a reduction in joint strength is observed. Finally, a modification factor “A” is applied to the X-type branch plate-to-CHS strength equation presented by the AISC360-22 to account for the longitudinal spacing between brackets.
A new double multiplication region method to design high sensitivity and wide spectrum SPADs in standard CMOS technologies
Authors: Karaca Utku , Kizilkan Ekin , Bruschini Claudio , Charbon Edoardo 
Published: November 2024

AbstractDesigning SPADs with high sensitivity in a wide wavelength range is crucial since the applications utilizing SPAD-based sensors target different parts of the spectrum. Here, we introduce a novel technique to achieve a wider sensitivity spectrum through the insertion of a second multiplication region into the depletion region. Thanks to the proposed method, at 5.5 V excess bias voltage, the fabricated devices achieved a PDP of 78% peak at 500 nm and 25.5% at 850 nm wavelength. At the same excess bias, we measured a normalized noise of 3.7 cps/μm2 and a jitter of 165 ps at 517 nm FWHM.
3D-cell phantom-experimental setup to assess thermal effects and cell viability of lung tumor cells after electroporation
Authors: Müller Noah , Gylstorff Severin , Walles Heike , Gerlach Thomas , Belker Othmar , Zanasi Alessandro , Punzet Daniel , Kopp Sascha 
Published: November 2024

AbstractMedical devices and technologies must undergo extensive testing and validation before being certified for public healthcare use, especially in oncology where a high research focus is on new advancements. Human 3D-tissue models can offer valuable insights into cancer behavior and treatment efficacy. This study developed a cell phantom setup using a rattail collagen-based hydrogel to facilitate reproducible investigations into ablation techniques, focusing on electroporation (EP) for lung tumor cells. The temperature rise due to the treatment is a critical aspect based on other studies that have discovered non-neglectable temperature values. A realistic physiological, biological phantom is crucial for electrode material development, non-thermal ablation control, tumor cell behavior study, and image-guided treatment simulation. The test system comprises a standardized 3D-printed setup, a cell-mimicking hydrogel model cultivated with NIH3T3 and HCC-827 cell lines. The treatment is evaluated with an AlamarBlue assay and the temperature is monitored with a sensor and a non-invasive MR-thermometry. Results showed the reliability of the selected monitoring methods and especially the temperature monitoring displayed interesting insights. The thermal effect due to EP cannot be neglected and it has to be discussed if this technique is non-thermal. The lesions in the phantom were able to show apoptotic and necrotic regions. The EP further led to a change in viability. These results suggest that the phantom can mimic the response of soft tissue and is a useful tool for studying cellular response and damage caused by EP or other treatment techniques.
Polarization modulated spectroscopic ellipsometry-based surface plasmon resonance biosensor for E. coli K12 detection
Authors: Zangenehzadeh Soraya , Agocs Emil , Schröder Fenja , Amroun Nassima , Biedendieck Rebekka , Jahn Dieter , Günther Axel , Zheng Lei , Roth Bernhard , Johannes Hans-Hermann , Kowalsky Wolfgang 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn this work, we report on the application of the polarization modulated spectroscopic ellipsometry-based surface plasmon resonance method for sensitive detection of microorganisms in Kretschmann configuration. So far, rotating analyzer and single wavelength polarization modulation methods have widely been investigated for phase sensitive surface plasmon resonance measurement. In this study, a much simpler optical setup relying on fast electro-optic phase modulator crystals is introduced for bacteria detection. A beta barium borate crystal connected to a function generator is adapted for generating phase shifts in the millisecond regime to extract the ellipsometric angles ($$\Psi$$
Ψ
and $$\Delta$$
Δ
) under the surface plasmon resonance condition. For detection, the gold surface was functionalized with anti-Escherichia coli antibodies, and E. coli K12 was attached to them. We show that polarization modulated spectroscopic ellipsometry achieves a refractive index resolution in the order of $$10^{-5}$$

10

-
5

RIU, and a limit of detection of $$10^{2}$$

10
2

CFU/mL for E. coli K12 which is compatible with other surface plasmon resonance based phase sensitive methods with more complex detection concepts. As a follow-up step, an optical model can be developed to enhance this biosensor’s performance, and applications for sorting and detecting other biological targets will be investigated.
Possible origin of Mars-crossing asteroids and related dynamical properties of inner main-belt asteroids
Authors: Liu Shanhong , Wang Xin , Han Yilong , Hou Xiyun , Yan Jianguo , Cao Jianfeng , Gao Jian , Li Xie 
Published: November 2024

Context. The orbital element distribution of the inner main belt (IMB) provides clues to the origin of the main-belt asteroids. Mars-crossing asteroids (MCAs) and near-Earth objects (NEOs) can provide some references to validate and improve theoretical models of the IMB evolution.
Aims. With the updated Asteroid Families Portal database, we analyzed the distribution of orbital elements and the dynamic completeness limit of IMB asteroids. By incorporating larger and more diverse datasets, the study seeks to provide a more comprehensive understanding of the IMB and MCAs origin and evolution.
Methods. We fitted the completeness-limit magnitude for the IMB. The size frequency and albedo distribution were used to analyze the family characteristics. The role of chaotic effects in the dynamic evolution of IMB and MCAs is further quantified by simulations.
Results. An albedo analysis showed that some halo asteroids may have originated from family asteroids, whereas the remaining non-family asteroids (14%) are likely to be members of a potential ghost family. We estimated the chaotic diffusion of asteroid orbits considering 1M/2A mean motion resonance. The eccentricity diffusion rate is estimated to be 0.45 and the inclination diffusion rate is 0.4 for resonant asteroids. The loss rate of MCAs IIMC(17.6) = 24.13 Myr−1, while the loss rate of the IMB asteroids due to the chaotic diffusion is 0.2648 Myr−1, which represents only 1.1% of MCAs. This indicates that chaotic diffusion has a limited capacity to replenish MCAs. However, for the large MCAs, a loss rate of IIMC(12) = 0.2646 Myr−1 was observed. This suggests that the large MCAs (H < 12) are in the dynamic equilibrium, primarily evolving through chaotic diffusion.
The Impact of Venous Stenting on Symptoms and Quality of Life in Patients with Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension and Spontaneous Cerebrospinal Fluid Leak
Authors: Mandloi Shreya , Nisar Areeba , Shing Samuel R. , Kahn Chase , Benedict Peter A. , Duffy Alexander , Naamani Kareem E. , Bray David , Gooch M Reid , Toskala Elina , Evans James , Farrell Christopher , Rosen Marc , Rabinowitz Mindy R. , Yuan Hsiangkuo , Nyquist Gurston G. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background Elevated intracranial pressure can cause skull base defects and a spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak. Venous sinus stenting (VSS) has emerged as a promising treatment option for patients with a CSF leak in the setting of idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH). There is a lack of literature on symptomatology and quality of life (QOL) after VSS for IIH patients with a CSF leak. This study explores the effects of VSS on symptoms and QOL in IIH patients with a CSF leak.
Methods This is a retrospective study on patients who have IIH complicated by a CSF leak and underwent VSS. A QOL questionnaire was developed from the migraine disability assessment test and the PROMIS-PI was given to patients included in this study.
Results A total of 10 patients were included in this study. Nine patients underwent endoscopic closure of CSF prior to stent placement and one patient was treated with VSS only. There was no evidence of CSF leak recurrence in this population following VSS. Headaches improved in 5/8, tinnitus in 5/6, and visual disturbance in 4/5 patients. Diamox was discontinued in seven out of eight patients after VSS. There was an improvement in headache-specific questions (p = 0.0140) and overall QOL (p = 0.0061) on the QOL questionnaire.
Discussion This preliminary study demonstrates that VSS is effective in alleviating many symptoms in IIH patients with a CSF leak, especially headaches. Diamox may be able to be discontinued in many patients following VSS. No CSF leak recurrence was noted in this patient population.
Challenges in Management of the Adult Vascular Anomalies Population: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Strain David , Nelson Kari J. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractVascular anomalies (VAs) are a group of rare diseases affecting 0.01 to 0.02% of the population. VA may be associated with complex disorders affecting multiple organ systems, requiring a multidisciplinary approach to treatment. Multidisciplinary clinics are most frequently affiliated with pediatric centers. Multidisciplinary clinics in the adult setting are rare. Many adult VA patients find it difficult to establish care with individual providers, let alone a multidisciplinary clinic, leading to barriers to lifelong comprehensive care.
Early Endocrine and Metabolic Complications in Childhood Cancer Survivors—Experience from a Tertiary Care Pediatric Oncology Center in South India
Authors: Jeevarathnam Dhivyalakshmi , Jayaraman Dhaarani , Tamilselvan Santhini Thanga , Sowmya Devaram , Sneha Latha M. , Scott Julius Xavier 
Published: November 2024

Background Endocrine abnormalities and metabolic complications remain one of the common late effects after cancer therapy in children. Data on the incidence and pattern of complications would help to guide appropriate monitoring and treatment of childhood cancer survivors.
Methods, Aims, and Objectives Purpose of study is to determine endocrine and metabolic effects in childhood cancer survivors including both hematological malignancies and solid tumors due to cancer per se and treatment-related, including different chemotherapeutic agents and radiotherapy.
Results Among 97 participants, 84 children (84.5%) had at least one endocrine or metabolic complication; 41 children (42.3%) had more than two endocrine/metabolic complications. Common endocrine complications included precocious puberty (6.2%), short stature (6.2%), and hypothyroidism (5.1%). Among metabolic complications, dyslipidemia was the highest with an incidence of 68%, followed by fasting hyperinsulinism (32%), diastolic hypertension (18.6%), systolic hypertension (11.3%), obesity (8.8%), and metabolic syndrome (8.2%) and impaired fasting glucose (4.1%).Among endocrine complications, there was a significant increase in incidence of hypothyroidism among children receiving radiotherapy (odds ratio [OR]: 7.13, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.1–46.2), and among metabolic complications, a significant increase in incidence of metabolic syndrome in children treated with L-asparaginase compared with those not treated with L-asparaginase was observed (OR: 5.61, 95% CI: 1.07–29.5). There was no significant difference between incidence of observed endocrine and metabolic complications based on type of tumor, gender, and puberty status of study participants.
Conclusion This study suggests that there is significant incidence of endocrine and metabolic complications in childhood cancer survivors, hence timely and appropriate recognition of these complications by appropriate screening recommendations and pursuing further endocrine evaluation rationally is needed.