bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Data Acquisition of 2D Geophysical Resistivity Methods with Dipole-Dipole Configuration for Identification the Subsurface Brick Stone Sites of Kadipaten Terung Sidoarjo
Authors: Widodo A , Syaifuddin F , Vinca  , Warnana D D , Rochman J P G N , Ariyanti N , Lestari W 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The discovery of the “J” letter-shaped brick structure (also called the Terung Temple) in Terung Wetan Village in 2012 is thought to be a heritage of the Majapahit Kingdom era. However, there is no further research to figure out the distribution of structures in the area. Geophysical surveys with 2D resistivity geoelectric methods-dipole-dipole configuration were carried out in the Site of Kadipaten Terung, Terung Wetan Village, Krian, Sidoarjo Regency to map the distribution of existing subsurface structures. Judging from the location of the Terung Temple, line 1 with the north-south direction on the west side with a length of 62 meters had a resistivity anomaly value of 13.2-60 Ωm at a depth of 1-3.67 m; line 2 with the southwest-northeast direction on the northwest side with a length of 46.5 meters had a resistivity anomaly value of 13.8-75 Ωm at a depth of 1-2.75 meters; line 3 with the northwest-southeast direction on the southwest side with a length of 46.5 meters had a resistivity anomaly value of 12.7 - 75 µm at a depth of 1-2.75 meters; line 4 with the east-west direction on the south side had a resistivity anomaly value of 15-75 Ωm; and line 5 with north-south direction on the east side with a length of 62 meters had a resistivity anomaly value of 15.7-100 Ωm. These anomalies are indicated as subsurface brick structures scattered throughout the research trajectories and it had been the continuity of the Terung Temple into the west and south.
Simultaneous Determination Of BUN-Creatinine as Kidney Function Biomarkers in Blood using a Microfluidic Paper-based Analytical Devices
Authors: Mahdiasanti I W , Sabarudin Akhmad , Sulistyarti Hermin 
Published: June 2019

AbstractIn this paper, we describe a Microfluidic Paper-based Analytical Devices (μPADs) for the simultaneous quantification of two important biomarkers of kidney function in blood. This paper provides a simple, disposable, portable, and inexpensive colorimetric method for the quantification of Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) and serum creatinine (sCRE). BUN detection is based on the Berthelot reaction, in which urea is converted to ammonium by the use of urease, ammonium ion which then reacts with a mixture of salicylate, sodium nitroprusside, and hypochlorite to yield a blue-green chromophore. sCRE detection is based on the Jaffe reaction, in which sCRE under alkaline conditions react with picrate ions forming an orange complex. The intensity of the color formed is proportional to the BUN & sCRE concentration in the sample. Various experimental parameters were optimized to achieve the best performance of the μPADs. There were no significant differences between the results obtained using the μPADs and a comparative method.
The Effect of Quenching Media on Hardness and Carbon Content in Carburized Steel
Authors: Istiroyah  , Septi D W , Suhana  
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The influence of quenching media after carburizing process was investigated and analysed. Austenitic stainless steel AISI 316L was used as specimen. The carburizing process was carried out at 900°C for 7 hours followed by quenching process. Water, SAE 40 oil, and air were used as the quenching media. Arc Spectrometry was used for analysis of carbon content at surface specimen. The result shows that carbon content increased from 0.031at% (untreated specimen) up to 0.627 at%, 0.117 at%, and 0.106 at% (carburized specimen with water, oil, and air quenching). The significant increase in carbon content lead to increasing hardness of specimens from 101 Hv (untreatment) to over 364 Hv, 277 Hv, and 269 Hv (carburized specimen with water, oil, and air quenching). Microstructure of carburized specimen was investigated by optical microscopy.
Estimation and validation of total digestible nutrient values of forage and concentrate feedstuffs
Authors: Jayanegara Anuraga , Ridla Muhammad , Nahrowi  , Laconi E B 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Total digestible nutrient (TDN) values represent utilisable energy contents of feedstuffs, and these are extremely important values in order to provide adequate energy supply for livestock. This study aimed to estimate and validate TDN values of forage and concentrate feedstuffs from their nutrient contents. Nutrient composition data were obtained from BR CORTE database, comprised of 86 forage and 36 concentrate feedstuffs. The data included contents of dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), ash, neutral detergent fiber (NDF), lignin, non-fiber carbohydrate (NFC), ether extract (EE), crude protein (CP) and TDN. A correlation analysis was conducted among the nutrient composition parameters for forage and concentrate. Data were then randomly divided into two parts, the first part (two-third of data) was used to estimate TDN whereas the second part (one-third) was used to validate the estimated TDN. Estimation of TDN was performed by employing a multiple linear regression method and it was validated by plotting between observed and estimated TDN. Results revealed that TDN in forage was negatively correlated with NDF (P<0.001) and lignin (P<0.05), but positively correlated with NFC and EE contents (both at P<0.001). Such pattern was similarly obtained with that in concentrate. Prediction equations of TDN in forage and concentrate were TDN = 0.479 NDF + 0.704 NFC + 1.594 EE + 0.714 CP and TDN = 0.323 NDF + 0.883 NFC + 1.829 EE + 0.885 CP, respectively. Values of estimated and observed TDN both in forage and concentrate were closely similar. It is concluded that TDN can be accurately estimated from nutrient composition data.
The changing world of drought resistance. A commentary on: ‘Embolism resistance in stems of herbaceous Brassicaceae and Asteraceae is linked to differences in woodiness and precipitation’
Authors: Brodribb Timothy 
Published: June 2019

This article comments on:
Larissa Chacon Dória, Cynthia Meijs, Diego Sotto Podadera, Marcelino del Arco, Erik Smets, Sylvain Delzon and Frederic Lens. 2018. Embolism resistance in stems of herbaceous Brassicaceae and Asteraceae is linked to differences in woodiness and precipitation. Annals of Botany 124(1): 1–14.
Idarucizumab to revert the anticoagulant effect of dabigatran in traumatic acute subdural haematoma: a case report of first use in Latin America
Authors: Izaguirre Ávila Raúl , Bahena López José Eduardo , Cortina de la Rosa Evelyn , Hernández Márquez Miguel Ángel 
Published: June 2019

Abstract

Background
Direct oral anticoagulants (DOAC) are an attractive alternative over vitamin K antagonists. They have several advantages in primary and secondary prevention of thromboembolisms due to atrial fibrillation, as well as in prevention and treatment of thromboembolic venous disease. They have fast onset action, do not need laboratory controls in patients with normal renal function, and they have practically no interference with the patient’s diet or medications. The strongest objection to their use was the lack of reversal agents that could be used in case of life-threatening haemorrhage or the need for emergency surgery. Dabigatran was the first DOAC to have its own specific reversal agent: idarucizumab, a monoclonal antibody.

Case summary
We report here the case of a patient undergoing treatment with dabigatran that suffered an expansive subdural haematoma secondary to a cranial injury. The condition was life-threatening and required emergency surgery. Anticoagulation was successfully reversed with idarucizumab.

Discussion
Emergency surgery in patients in treatment with DOAC is associated with an increased risk of bleeding. With the use of a specific antidote to block the action of the anticoagulant, as in the case of idarucizumab with dabigatran, the risk of complications during and after emergency surgery is reduced. This is the first case report with which the successful use of idarucizumab in Latin America is documented.
Different Combinations of Mobility Metrics Derived From a Wearable Sensor Are Associated With Distinct Health Outcomes in Older Adults
Authors: Buchman Aron S , Dawe Robert J , Leurgans Sue E , Curran Thomas A , Truty Timothy , Yu Lei , Barnes Lisa L , Hausdorff Jeffrey M , Bennett David A 
Published: June 2019

Abstract

Background
Gait speed is a robust nonspecific predictor of health outcomes. We examined if combinations of gait speed and other mobility metrics are associated with specific health outcomes.

Methods
A sensor (triaxial accelerometer and gyroscope) placed on the lower back, measured mobility in the homes of 1,249 older adults (77% female; 80.0, SD = 7.72 years). Twelve gait scores were extracted from five performances, including (a) walking, (b) transition from sit to stand, (c) transition from stand to sit, (d) turning, and (e) standing posture. Using separate Cox proportional hazards models, we examined which metrics were associated with time to mortality, incident activities of daily living disability, mobility disability, mild cognitive impairment, and Alzheimer’s disease dementia. We used a single integrated analytic framework to determine which gait scores survived to predict each outcome.

Results
During 3.6 years of follow-up, 10 of the 12 gait scores predicted one or more of the five health outcomes. In further analyses, different combinations of 2–3 gait scores survived backward elimination and were associated with the five outcomes. Sway was one of the three scores that predicted activities of daily living disability but was not included in the final models for other outcomes. Gait speed was included along with other metrics in the final models predicting mortality and activities of daily living disability but not for other outcomes.

Conclusions
When analyzing multiple mobility metrics together, different combinations of mobility metrics are related to specific adverse health outcomes. Digital technology enhances our understanding of impaired mobility and may provide mobility biomarkers that predict distinct health outcomes.
A Core Outcome Set to Evaluate Physical Activity Interventions for People Living With Dementia
Authors: Gonçalves Ana-Carolina , Samuel Dinesh , Ramsay Mary , Demain Sara , Marques Alda 
Published: June 2019

Abstract

Background and Objectives
A core outcome set (COS) to evaluate physical activity (PA) interventions for people living with dementia is needed, as the development of guidelines is currently limited by important heterogeneity in this field of research. Development of COS often includes Delphi surveys, but people living with dementia are often excluded. This study aimed to reach consensus on this COS using a modified Delphi survey to enable the participation of people living with dementia.

Research Design and Methods
Two stakeholders groups took part in a Delphi survey (Group 1: people living with dementia and family caregivers; Group 2: professionals from different backgrounds, including physiotherapists, occupational therapists, and researchers). Caregivers and professionals completed the survey remotely. Participants living with dementia took part face-to-face, using a card sorting strategy. The consensus process was finalized with a consensus meeting.

Results
Ninety-five participants of both groups completed the modified Delphi. Of those, 11 attended the consensus meeting. The card sorting strategy was successful at including people living with dementia. Seven outcomes reached consensus: preventing falls; doing what you can do; staying healthy and fit; walking better, being able to stand up and climb stairs; feeling brighter; enjoying the moment; and, feeling useful and having a purpose.

Discussion and Implications
Robust and innovative methodological strategies were used to reach a consensus on a COS (what to measure) to evaluate PA for people living with dementia. Future work will focus on the selection of the most appropriate tools to measure these outcomes (how to measure).
Integrating Mendelian randomization and multiple-trait colocalization to uncover cell-specific inflammatory drivers of autoimmune and atopic disease
Authors: McGowan Lucy M , Davey Smith George , Gaunt Tom R , Richardson Tom G 
Published: June 2019

AbstractImmune-mediated diseases (IMDs) arise when tolerance is lost and chronic inflammation is targeted towards healthy tissues. Despite their growing prevalence, therapies to treat IMDs are lacking. Cytokines and their receptors orchestrate inflammatory responses by regulating elaborate signalling networks across multiple cell types making it challenging to pinpoint therapeutically relevant drivers of IMDs. We developed an analytical framework that integrates Mendelian randomization (MR) and multiple-trait colocalization (moloc) analyses to highlight putative cell-specific drivers of IMDs. MR evaluated causal associations between the levels of 10 circulating cytokines and 9 IMDs within human populations. Subsequently, we undertook moloc analyses to assess whether IMD trait, cytokine protein and corresponding gene expression are driven by a shared causal variant. Moreover, we leveraged gene expression data from three separate cell types (monocytes, neutrophils and T cells) to discern whether associations may be attributed to cell type-specific drivers of disease. MR analyses supported a causal role for IL-18 in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) (P = 1.17 × 10−4) and eczema/dermatitis (P = 2.81 × 10−3), as well as associations between IL-2rα and IL-6R with several other IMDs. Moloc strengthened evidence of a causal association for these results, as well as providing evidence of a monocyte and neutrophil-driven role for IL-18 in IBD pathogenesis. In contrast, IL-2rα and IL-6R associations were found to be T cell specific. Our analytical pipeline can help to elucidate putative molecular pathways in the pathogeneses of IMDs, which could be applied to other disease contexts.
Future CO2-induced ocean acidification enhances resilience of a green tide alga to low-salinity stress
Authors: Gao Guang , Qu Liming , Xu Tianpeng , Burgess J Grant , Li Xinshu , Xu Juntian 
Published: June 2019

AbstractTo understand how Ulva species might respond to salinity stress during future ocean acidification we cultured a green tide alga Ulva linza at various salinities (control salinity, 30 PSU; medium salinity, 20 PSU; low salinity, 10 PSU) and CO2 concentrations (400 and 1000 ppmv) for over 30 days. The results showed that, under the low salinity conditions, the thalli could not complete its whole life cycle. The specific growth rate (SGR) of juvenile thalli decreased significantly with reduced salinity but increased with a rise in CO2. Compared to the control, medium salinity also decreased the SGR of adult thalli at low CO2 but did not affect it at high CO2. Similar patterns were also found in relative electron transport rate (rETR), non-photochemical quenching, saturating irradiance, and Chl b content. Although medium salinity reduced net photosynthetic rate and maximum rETR at each CO2 level, these negative effects were significantly alleviated at high CO2 levels. In addition, nitrate reductase activity was reduced by medium salinity but enhanced by high CO2. These findings indicate that future ocean acidification would enhance U. linza’s tolerance to low salinity stress and may thus facilitate the occurrence of green tides dominated by U. linza.
Boundary output feedback stabilization of transport equation with non-local term
Authors: Wang Liping , Jin Feng-Fei 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
In this paper, we are concerned with boundary output feedback stabilization of a transport equation with non-local term. First, a boundary state feedback controller is designed by a backstepping approach. The closed-loop system is proved to be exponentially stable by the equivalence between original and target system. Then, we design an output feedback controller based on an infinite-dimensional observer. It is shown that the result closed-loop system is also exponentially stable. Finally, some numerical examples are presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed feedback controller.
Intestinal dysbiosis mediates experimental autoimmune pancreatitis via activation of plasmacytoid dendritic cells
Authors: Kamata Ken , Watanabe Tomohiro , Minaga Kosuke , Hara Akane , Yoshikawa Tomoe , Okamoto Ayana , Yamao Kentaro , Takenaka Mamoru , Park Ah-Mee , Kudo Masatoshi 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAutoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) is a pancreatic manifestation of a newly proposed disease entity, IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD), characterized by enhanced IgG4 antibody responses and involvement of multiple organs. We have previously reported that innate immune activation contributes to the development of AIP and IgG4-RD, as these diseases are characterized by the production of IFN-α and IL-33 by plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) that mediate chronic fibroinflammatory responses. In this study, we investigated the roles played by innate immunity against intestinal microflora in experimental AIP induced in MRL/MpJ mice by repeated administrations of 100 µg of polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid [poly (I:C)]. Bowel sterilization with a broad spectrum of antibiotics inhibited pancreatic accumulation of pDCs producing IFN-α and IL-33, and thereby suppressed the development of AIP. Mice treated with 10 µg of poly (I:C) developed severe AIP equivalent to that induced by 100 µg of poly (I:C) upon co-housing with mice treated with 100 µg of poly (I:C). Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) from donor mice treated with 100 µg of poly (I:C) led to the development of severe AIP in the recipient mice upon injection with 10 µg of poly (I:C). Induction of severe AIP in mice with 10 µg of poly (I:C) was associated with pancreatic accumulation of pDCs producing IFN-α and IL-33 in the co-housing and FMT experiments. These data collectively suggest that innate immune responses against intestinal microflora are involved in the development of experimental AIP, and that intestinal dysbiosis increases sensitivity to experimental AIP via activation of pDCs.
Anti-fungal activity of a novel triazole, PC1244, against emerging azole-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus and other species of Aspergillus
Authors: Colley Thomas , Sharma Cheshta , Alanio Alexandre , Kimura Genki , Daly Leah , Nakaoki Takahiro , Nishimoto Yuki , Bretagne Stéphane , Kizawa Yasuo , Strong Pete , Rapeport Garth , Ito Kazuhiro , Meis Jacques F , Chowdhary Anuradha 
Published: June 2019

Abstract

Objectives
The growing emergence of azole-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus strains worldwide is a major concern for current systemic antifungal treatment. Here we report antifungal activities of a novel inhaled triazole, PC1244, against a collection of multi-azole-resistant A. fumigatus strains.

Methods
MICs of PC1244 were determined for A. fumigatus carrying TR34/L98H (n = 81), TR46/Y121F/T289A (n = 24), M220 (n = 6), G54 (n = 11), TR53 (n = 1), TR463/Y121F/T289A (n = 2), G448S (n = 1), G432C (n = 1) and P216S (n = 1) resistance alleles originating from either India, the Netherlands or France. The effects of PC1244 were confirmed in an in vitro model of the human alveolus and in vivo in temporarily neutropenic, immunocompromised mice.

Results
PC1244 exhibited potent inhibition [geometric mean MIC (range), 1.0 mg/L (0.125 to >8 mg/L)] of growth of A. fumigatus strains carrying cyp51A gene mutations, showing much greater potency than voriconazole [15 mg/L (0.5 to >16 mg/L)], and an effect similar to those on other azole-susceptible Aspergillus spp. (Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus terreus, Aspergillus tubingensis, Aspergillus nidulans, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus nomius, Aspergillus tamarii) (0.18–1 mg/L). In TR34/L98H and TR46/Y121F/T289A A. fumigatus-infected in vitro human alveolus models, PC1244 achieved superior inhibition (IC50, 0.25 and 0.34 mg/L, respectively) compared with that of voriconazole (IC90, >3 mg/L and >10 mg/L, respectively). In vivo, once-daily intranasal administration of PC1244 (0.56–70 μg/mouse) to the A. fumigatus (AF91 with M220V)-infected mice reduced pulmonary fungal load and serum galactomannan more than intranasal posaconazole.

Conclusions
PC1244 has the potential to become a novel topical treatment of azole-resistant pulmonary aspergillosis.
Origins, Divergence, and Contrasting Invasion History of the Sweet Potato Weevil Pests Cylas formicarius (Coleoptera: Brentidae) and Euscepes batatae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in the Asia-Pacific
Authors: Brookes Dean R , Hereward James P , Walter Gimme H , Furlong Michael J 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Cylas formicarius F. and Euscepes batatae Waterhouse are the most damaging sweet potato insect pests globally. Both weevils are thought to have invaded the Pacific alongside the movement of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam. Convolvulaceae), with C. formicarius having originated in India and E. batatae in Central or South America. Here we compare the genetic relationships between populations of the pests, primarily in the Asia-Pacific, to understand better their contemporary population structure and their historical movement relative to that of sweet potato. Cylas formicarius has divergent mitochondrial lineages that indicate a more complex biogeographic and invasive history than is presently assumed for this insect, suggesting it was widespread across the Asia-Pacific before the arrival of sweet potato. Cylas formicarius must have originally fed on Ipomoea species other than I. batatas but the identity of these species is presently unknown. Cylas formicarius was formerly designated as three species or subspecies and the genetic data presented here suggests that these designations should be reinvestigated. Euscepes batatae has very low genetic diversity which is consistent with its historical association with sweet potato and a recent introduction to the Asia-Pacific from the Americas. The distribution of E. batatae may be narrower than that of C. formicarius in the Asia-Pacific because it has relied relatively more on human-assisted movement. Consequently, E. batatae may become more widespread in the future. Investigating the invasion history of both species will help to understand the probability and nature of future invasions.
Generalist dispersal and gene flow of an endangered keystone specialist (Dipodomys ingens)
Authors: Alexander Nathan B , Statham Mark J , Sacks Benjamin N , Bean William T 
Published: June 2019

AbstractMovement ecology and dispersal capabilities inherently drive genetic structure across landscapes. Through understanding dispersal and gene flow of giant kangaroo rats (Dipodomys ingens), conservation efforts can be focused, and we can further understand how genetic structure persists in this highly endemic small mammal. Here, we genetically identify parent–offspring and sibship relationships among 239 giant kangaroo rats using 15 microsatellites in the northern part of the species range and describe the individual genetic-spatial variation using a Moran eigenvector map (MEM). We further employ two landscape genetic analyses (isolation by resistance [IBR] and least cost paths [LCPs]) and two individual-based genetic metrics (Dps and a codominant marker distance from GenAlEx) to determine landscape factors (precipitation, slope, vegetation community, and roads) that influence gene flow. We found 19 pairs of related individuals, of which 18 were less than 250 m apart, but one sibling pair was 5.52 km apart, suggesting greater dispersal capabilities than previously noted. We found hierarchal spatial genetic structure using a MEM, with 3–4 genetically similar regions and two genetically similar subregions. Finally, we found low correlative strength between landscape features and gene flow. IBR consistently outperformed LCPs, and there was evidence that regions with 250–350 mm of precipitation and slope ≤ 5° promoted connectivity. We recommend that managers focus on habitat protection rather than corridor maintenance, with the caveat that anthropogenic factors were minimally considered in this study.