bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High inhaled oxygen concentration quadruples exhaled CO in healthy volunteers monitored by a highly sensitive laser spectrometer
Authors: Brenckmann Vivien , Ventrillard Irène , Romanini Daniele , Jaulin Kévin , Calabrèse Pascale , Briot Raphaël 
Published: August 2019

AbstractCarbon monoxide (CO) monitoring in human breath is the focus of many investigations as CO could possibly be used as a marker of various diseases. Detecting CO in human breath remains a challenge because low concentrations (<ppm) must be selectively detected and short response time resolution is needed to detect the end expiratory values reflecting actual alveolar concentrations. A laser spectroscopy based instrument was developed (ProCeas) that fulfils these requirements. The aim of this study was to validate the use of a ProCeas for human breath analysis in order to measure the changes of endogenous exhaled CO (eCO) induced by different inspired fractions of oxygen (FiO2) ranging between 21% and 100%. This study was performed on healthy volunteers. 30 healthy awaked volunteers (including asymptomatic smokers) breathed spontaneously through a facial mask connected to the respiratory circuit of an anesthesiology station. FiO2 was fixed to 21%, 50% and 100% for periods of 5 minutes. CO concentrations were continuously monitored throughout the experiment with a ProCeas connected to the airway circuit. The respiratory cycles being resolved, eCO concentration is defined by the difference between the value at the end of the exhalation phase and the level during inhalation phase. Inhalation of 100% FiO2 increased eCO levels by a factor of four in every subjects (smokers and non smokers). eCO returned in a few minutes to the initial value when FiO2 was switched back to 21%. This magnification of eCO at 21% and 100% FiO2 is greater than those described in previous publications. We hypothesize that these results can be explained by the healthy status of our subjects (with low basal levels of eCO) and also by the better measurement precision of ProCeas.
Body weight variation predicts disease progression after invasive ventilation in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Authors: Nakayama Yuki , Shimizu Toshio , Matsuda Chiharu , Haraguchi Michiko , Hayashi Kentaro , Bokuda Kota , Nagao Masahiro , Kawata Akihiro , Ishikawa-Takata Kazuko , Isozaki Eiji 
Published: August 2019

AbstractWeight loss is an independent predictor of survival in the early stages of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). However, the effects of weight variations on the functional prognosis after tracheostomy and invasive ventilation (TIV) in ALS remain unknown. This prospective cohort study aimed to investigate the relationship between weight loss before TIV and disease progression after TIV in ALS patients. Sixty ALS patients with TIV were enrolled and classified into subgroups based on the rate of decline in body mass index, from onset to TIV utilization (ΔBMI). During follow-up, we assessed the patients for presence of communication impairments, ophthalmoplegia, total quadriplegia, mouth opening disability, and dysuria. We analyzed the relationship between ΔBMI and the communication stage or motor disabilities. The log-rank test showed that patients with a ΔBMI ≥ 1.7 kg/m2/year showed a shorter period of preserved communication ability (p = 0.0001), shorter time to develop ophthalmoplegia (p = 0.0001), total quadriplegia (p < 0.0001), mouth opening disability (p < 0.0001), and dysuria (p = 0.0455). Cox multivariate analyses showed that a larger ΔBMI was an independent prognostic factor for the early development of ophthalmoplegia (p = 0.0400) and total quadriplegia (p = 0.0445). Weight loss in the early stages of ALS predicts disease progression in patients with advanced stages of ALS using TIV.
eHealth tools for the self-testing of visual acuity: a scoping review
Authors: Yeung Wai Kent , Dawes Piers , Pye Annie , Charalambous Anna-Pavlina , Neil Malcolm , Aslam Tariq , Dickinson Christine , Leroi Iracema 
Published: August 2019

AbstractUncorrected refractive error is a major cause of vision impairment, and is indexed by visual acuity. Availability of vision assessment is limited in low/middle-income countries and in minority groups in high income countries. eHealth tools offer a solution; two-thirds of the globe own mobile devices. This is a scoping review of the number and quality of tools for self-testing visual acuity. Software applications intended for professional clinical use were excluded. Keyword searches were conducted on Google online, Google Play and iOS store. The first 100 hits in each search were screened against inclusion criteria. After screening, 42 tools were reviewed. Tools assessed near and distance vision. About half (n = 20) used bespoke optotypes. The majority (n = 25) presented optotypes one by one. Four included a calibration procedure. Only one tool was validated against gold standard measures. Many self-test tools have been published, but lack validation. There is a need for regulation of tools for the self-testing of visual acuity to reduce potential risk or confusion to users.
Laboratory implementation of electromagnetic torque based MRAS speed estimator for sensorless SMPMSM drive
Authors: Prabhakaran K.K. , Karthikeyan A. , Blaabjerg F. 
Published: August 2019

This Letter proposes a simple electromagnetic torque based model reference adaptive system (MRAS) speed estimator for sensorless surface mount permanent magnet synchronous motor (SMPMSM) drive. The proposed estimator is formed using instantaneous measured and estimated electromagnetic torque. The proposed estimator is implemented for 1.5 kW laboratory prototype SMPMSM drive using field programmable gate array ALTERA cyclone II. Experimental results demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed scheme under different test conditions viz. different low‐speed regions and standstill at different load conditions with uncertainty in machine parameters. Results show that the estimator is stable in low‐speed regions and exhibits robustness against uncertainties in machine parameters.
Close-in giant-planet formation via in-situ gas accretion and their natal disk properties
Authors: Hasegawa Yasuhiro , Yu Tze Yeung Mathew , Hansen Bradley M. S. 
Published: August 2019

Aims. The origin of close-in Jovian planets is still elusive. We examine the in-situ gas accretion scenario as a formation mechanism of these planets.
Methods. We reconstruct natal disk properties from the occurrence rate distribution of close-in giant planets, under the assumption that the occurrence rate may reflect the gas accretion efficiency onto cores of these planets.
Results. We find that the resulting gas surface density profile becomes an increasing function of the distance from the central star with some structure at r ≃ 0.1 au. This profile is quite different from the standard minimum-mass solar nebula model, while our profile leads to better reproduction of the population of observed close-in super-Earths based on previous studies. We compute the resulting magnetic field profiles and find that our profiles can be fitted by stellar dipole fields (∝r−3) in the vicinity of the central star and large-scale fields (∝r−2) at the inner disk regions, either if the isothermal assumption breaks down or if nonideal magnetohydrodynamic effects become important. For both cases, the transition between these two profiles occurs at r ≃ 0.1 au, which corresponds to the period valley of giant exoplanets.
Conclusions. Our work provides an opportunity to test the in-situ gas accretion scenario against disk quantities, which may constrain the gas distribution of the minimum-mass extrasolar nebula.
Den Stau beseitigen
Authors: Corts Magga 
Published: August 2019

SummaryEin dynamischer Austausch zwischen Organzellen und ihrer Umgebung gewährleistet eine physiologische Organfunktion. Es finden zahlreiche Prozesse statt, um negative Einflüsse auszugleichen und Homöostase aufrechtzuerhalten. Das Grundsystem impliziert die Endstrombahn, Bindegewebszellen und Nervenenden. Es reguliert das Zell-Milieu-Zusammenspiel. Eine funktionelle extrazelluläre Flüssigkeit ist eine Voraussetzung hierfür. Wenn arterielle, venöse, nervale oder lymphatische Zirkulationssysteme gestört sind, können sich verschiedene Krankheitsbilder entwickeln. Osteopathische Techniken bilden einen unterstützenden Therapiebaustein.
Decoration of Fibrin with Extracellular Chaperones
Authors: Talens Simone , Leebeek Frank W. G. , Veerhuis Robert , Rijken Dingeman C. 
Published: August 2019

Background Many proteins bind to fibrin during clot formation in plasma. We previously identified by mass spectrometry the most abundant proteins that noncovalently bind to fibrin clots. Several of these proteins (e.g., apolipoprotein J/clusterin, haptoglobin, α2-macroglobulin, α1-antitrypsin) can act as extracellular chaperones.
Objective We hypothesize that clot-binding proteins may interact with fibrin as chaperones. The goal of this study is to test this hypothesis and to investigate the origin of the cross-β or amyloid structures in fibrin clots, which are associated with protein unfolding.
Methods and Results A thioflavin T assay was used to detect cross-β structures. A steadily increasing amount was measured in the fibrinogen fraction of plasma during heat stress, a standard treatment to induce unfolding of proteins. Heat-stressed plasma was clotted and clot-bound proteins were analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The results showed that the amounts of the clot-bound proteins were related to the duration of the heat stress. This indicates that cross-β structures in unfolded fibrin(ogen) are involved in clot binding of the proteins, which supports our chaperone hypothesis. A contributing role of fibrin formation itself was studied by clotting purified fibrinogen with thrombin in the presence of thioflavin T. The fluorescence intensity increased in time in the presence of thrombin, but did not increase in its absence. This provides evidence for the generation of cross-β structures during fibrin formation.
Conclusion Fibrin clots generated in plasma are decorated with extracellular chaperones. The binding of these chaperones involves cross-β structures originating both from unfolded fibrinogen and from fibrin formation.
Rolling back the right to strike: amendments to South Africa’s Labour Relations Act and their implications for working-class struggle
Authors: Runciman Carin 
Published: August 2019

SUMMARY
The South African National Assembly recently passed amendments to the Labour Relations Act which will roll back the right to strike. This briefing will analyse the amendments, their implications and what they tell us about the state of the labour movement, the possibilities for trade union revival and the state working-class struggle in South Africa today.
Research on the Dynamic Characteristics of the High Air Speed Nozzle in Isentropic Flow
Authors: Xiang Dong , Wang Yingting , Li Chenjing 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The application of microsatellites has been development with the continuous expansion of space missions in resents years. The microsatellites have several characteristics such as light weight, small size and low cost. The platform flotation table is one of the simulation ways on the ground. With the continuous development of space technology, satellite ground simulation platform flotation table as a key technology which attracts lots of researchers. In this paper, the highspeed nozzle has been analyzed based on the research of Laval nozzle. The state of shock waves can be researched by the Laval nozzle and the air speed from the nozzle can be calculated. The flow field of the high speed nozzle has been simulation by the FLUENT software. The nozzle mode has been built by the GAMBIT and the model is meshed in structured grid. The simulation result shows that the air in the nozzle has many speeds in different place. The stable speeds are 390 m/s and 150m/s in the larynx and trailing end position.The maximum are reached into the nozzle and the speed is 578m/s, which is deviated from the theoretical analysis. At the constant pressure of 4 bar, the mass of nozzle flow is 0.000318758 kg/s. The mass of outlet flow is 0.000318798 kg/s, and the calculation error is 10-8. The thrust of the nozzle is also stable at 3ms, and its stability value is 50.1 mN. The maximum force of the outlet is 176 mN before the nozzle reaches stability. The simulation result can guided for the nozzle design and itis more significance for the high precision control and measurement of nozzles.
Modeling Investigation of Concurrent-flow Chemical Extraction Process
Authors: Nie Miaomiao , Tan Jing , Deng Wen-Sheng , Su Yue-Feng 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
In this study, modeling investigation of mass transfer in concurrent-flow chemical extraction process is carried out. Continuum Model is used to describe mass transfer process. Concentration curves in organic droplet and aqueous liquid film are firstly calculated and rate-limiting step is determined to be mass transfer of solute in aqueous phase. Mass transfer performance in aqueous phase is further calculated. Volumetric mass transfer coefficient and volumetric mass transfer coefficient during mass transfer time before solute concentration decreases to 5%, are calculated for evaluating mass transfer characteristics. The effect of organic droplet size is studied. The result demonstrates that increase in aqueous/organic volume ratio significantly decreases mass transfer performance, decrease in droplet size enhances mass transfer process through both reducing mass transfer resistance and increasing contacting area.
Analysis of the Click through Rate of Chinese Netizens through Social Software based on DeepFM Algorithm
Authors: Bo Li , Xiao Zhang , Kewei Li , Jingyi Yan 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Advertising as an important means of marketing, plays an important role in the promotion of commercial services, but its profit efficiency has not been optimistic. How to reduce the push cost and improve the accuracy rate of advertising is the algorithm problem of various enterprises. Chinese netizens have a large base and a large proportion use social software. It is a novel idea to analyze the click-through rate of Chinese netizens’advertisements through the data provided by social software. Based on the idea of lookalike crowd expansion, this paper uses DeepFM algorithm and designs the corresponding experimental process to analyze and predict the clicks of Chinese netizens through social software.
A Framework to Identify Critical Design Parameters for Enhancing User’s Satisfaction in Human-AI Interactions
Authors: Shin J G , Kim J B , Kim S H 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The advancements in artificial intelligence technology have made changes in how people interact with systems. Unique features and user requirements of Human-AI Interactions (HAII) need to be identified with respect to those of Human-Computer interactions (HCI). This study proposes a way to find critical parameters of interaction design for enhancing user’s satisfaction when people interact with intelligent systems through voice user interfaces. We summarised distinguished user requirements for intelligent products identified from previous researches. Then match them with design parameters in terms of performance indexes that will make differences in the user’s satisfaction. The interaction scenario was set as users ask simple questions with their own voices to the system and the system answer to the questions with synthesized voices after it got to the answer by AI function. The critical performance indexes derived are the number of trials to get the right answer for a question, response time to get to the next interaction, sentence structures of the answer, and pace of the answer. An experimental setup is ready to evaluate user’s satisfaction among different levels of the above performance indexes by Wizard of Oz design method applied on a voice user interface we implement. We are going to validate the effects of performance indexes in HAII on the user’s satisfaction, which will be measured in terms of verbal and non-verbal measures.
Truthful Mechanism for Task Assignment in Crowdsourcing with Social Network
Authors: Qin Haiyan , Zhang Yonglong , Li Bin 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Macrotasks like document writing, product design, or web development, require expert skills and the collective contributions of the crowds. In fact, there are few studies give close attention to the workers with social network in crowdsourcing. Social networks provide an available platform for cooperation among social workers. In this paper, we discuss the complex task assignment in crowdsourcing where the workers are in a social network. A Truthful Mechanism for the task assignment in Crowdsourcing with Social Network (TMC-SN) is proposed to solve the challenges in this scenario. The problem is modeled as an auction, where the requesters are buyers, workers are sellers, and the crowdsourcing platform serves as an auctioneer. In order to find out the most appropriate team, TMC-SN measures Worker Fitness of the worker for the team from both Marginal Contribution and Team Cohesion. We demonstrate that TMC-SN has fine economic properties such as truthfulness, individual rationality, and budget balance. The evaluation results show that TMC-SN is advantageous in terms of Social Welfare and favorable for the workers.
Time-Series Data Mining of Minimum Design Height for River Bridge Deck Using Seasonal Trend Decomposition
Authors: Xie Haiyan , Hu Xi 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Using the traditional calculation of minimum design height (MDH) could not provide the effective decision support for engineers under complex situations. This research proposes a time-series data mining system for the decomposition and analysis of seasonal trends of hydrologic fluctuations, using stage-discharge curves, Log-Pearson frequency curves, and plotting positions. The research purpose is to provide the decision support based on precise time series for bridge design and feasibility analysis. Prior to conducting the gage-height design for bridges, this study investigates the construction site of the bridge at Kinston Mines of Illinois River in the United States and processes the correlation tests between gage heights and hydrologic discharge. In addition, the study simulates and verifies the system outcomes using Mann-Kendall Mutation, stability tests, and non-linear regressions. The results show the correlation coefficient of 0.9719 for the discharge trends from 1994 to 2017. In addition, the study selects the best-fitted theoretical frequency curve based on the most appropriate convergence to the empirical frequency curve. Overall, this research achieves satisfactory results for the MDH design and has substantial influence for engineers and designers to meet design requirements and save project costs. The data mining method sheds light upon data analysis for engineering design.
Cloud Server Oriented FPGA Accelerator for Long Short-Term Memory Recurrent Neural Networks
Authors: Wang Jiasheng , Zhou Yu , Sun Yuyang , Li Keyang , Liu Jun 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Long Short-Term Memory network(LSTM), which is the most widely used and representative recurrent neural network architecture, plays an important role in language modeling, machine translation, image captioning, etc. However, due to its recurrent nature, general-purpose processors like CPUs and GPUs cannot achieve high parallelism, not to mention their high power consumption. FPGA accelerators can outperform them by flexibility, energy-efficiency and more delicate optimization in each phase of the algorithm. In this paper, we present a cloud-oriented FPGA accelerator for LSTM based on OpenCL. Different from previous works which are designed for embedded systems, our FPGA accelerator performs multiple time series predictions in parallel. We provide a general matrix optimization model to optimize the computation of LSTM in the cloud environments. The performance of our implementation beats both the CPU implementation and other previous hardware implementations. We present and analyze the performance results of our work.
Forecasting of Maritime Traffic Accident based on Residual Error Unbiased Grey Forecast Model
Authors: Shuang Sun , Yan Chen , Jinsong Zhang , Taoying Li 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
In order to enhance the safety of maritime transportation and improve the accuracy of maritime traffic accident prediction, an unbiased grey forecast model based on residual error is applied to predict maritime traffic accident. Based on the historical data of maritime traffic accidents from 2008 to 2017, the traditional unbiased grey model prediction and residual error unbiased grey model prediction are carried out, and the fitting curves of actual value and predicted value of the two models are drawn. The results show that the prediction accuracy and fitting curve of residual error unbiased grey model are better than those of traditional unbiased grey model, which can truly reflect the development trend of comprehensive safety of maritime traffic, and the prediction results have certain reliability and practicability.
Beamspace MUSIC Algorithm based on Space-time Array Signal Model
Authors: Yang B , Yang B , Wang C , Shen H X 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
This paper is devoted to the direction-of-arrival (DOA) algorithm in the moving array scenario. A beamspace MUSIC algorithm based on space-time signal model is proposed to cope with this scenario. First, the DOA information contained in Doppler shift is used to combine with the array spatial information, thus constructing a space-time signal model. Second, allowing for the considerable dimension and complexity of the space-time model, we transform the array sensor data into beamspace to reduce the computation load. The introduction of Doppler information leads to significant enhancement in algorithm performance. Simulation results demonstrate the promotion of proposed algorithm.
A New User Grouping and Power Allocation Scheme for Downlink Non-orthogonal Multiple Access Systems
Authors: Wang Yin , Li Xiaohui , Wang Wenwu , Zhang Gongquan , Zhang Hongwei 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
In this paper, we propose a new user grouping and power allocation scheme based on beamforming for downlink non-orthogonal multiple access systems. The proposed user grouping scheme can effectively reduce the interference from the other user and other beams as well, and can effectively improve the weak user rate especially when the SNR is not large. In addition, a power allocation scheme that can maximize the sum capacity while satisfying a certain fairness index is proposed. From the simulation results, the user grouping and power allocation method proposed in this paper can not only improve the overall system throughput performance, but also improve the fairness of weak users.