bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Case Study of Stakeholder Dialogue in Professional Sport: An Example of CSR Engagement
Authors: Babiak Kathy , Kihl Lisa A. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractMany businesses, including professional sport teams, are designing and engaging in socially responsible initiatives which benefit stakeholders as well as the businesses themselves. Gaining insight into stakeholders' expectations regarding corporations' corporate social responsibility (CSR) initiatives through dialogue is important as the way a business is viewed and evaluated by stakeholders underlies subsequent interactions. Based on semi‐structured interviews with 42 diverse stakeholders involved in a professional sport team's CSR initiative we found that stakeholders' expectations of the team's involvement in the community related to social and institutional norms, values, and benefits. The team also appeared to be meeting stakeholder expectations about being socially responsible in the community. This study provides new insights into a firm's CSR expectations through engaging in stakeholder management and interaction. Future research directions and practical suggestions are offered for organizations attempting to understand and meet stakeholders' expectations in the area of CSR.
Lower levels of brain‐derived neurotrophic factor are associated with melancholic psychomotor retardation among depressed inpatients
Authors: Primo de Carvalho Alves Lucas , Sica da Rocha Neusa 
Published: March 2018

ObjectivesMelancholic depression is a type of depression which is closely related to biological variables than are other types of depression. Its clinical features can be assessed using six items on the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM‐D6). Previous studies have shown, using item response theory, that the symptom depressed mood is the least severe melancholic feature; work and activities, somatic symptoms and psychic anxiety are of moderate severity; and feelings of guilt and psychomotor retardation are the most severe. We aimed to evaluate whether the more severe melancholic signs or symptoms were associated with decreases in brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels.MethodsA total of 151 severely depressed inpatients had their BDNF levels analyzed by comparing those who presented with each HAM‐D6 melancholic feature to those for whom the HAM‐D6 feature was absent, using multiple linear regressions. The levels of BDNF of patients who presented with each melancholic feature were also compared with those of 100 healthy controls.ResultsDepressed patients' median BDNF level was 44.06 ng/mL (interquartile range [IQR]: 33.99‐62.4 ng/mL), and controls' median BDNF level was 65.22 ng/mL (IQR: 49.87‐76.08 ng/mL) (P < .001). The presence of depressed mood, work and activities, somatic symptoms, psychic anxiety, and guilty feelings was not associated with BDNF levels. However, the presence of psychomotor retardation was associated with reduced BDNF (median reduction −10.07 ng/mL; 95% confidence interval [CI]: −19.43 to −0.71; P = .03).ConclusionsTo the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to associate BDNF levels with melancholic features in a sample of severely depressed inpatients. The main finding of this study was that severely depressed inpatients who presented the most severe melancholic feature, psychomotor retardation, had significantly reduced BDNF levels in the blood.
Systematic review and meta‐analysis of post‐transplant lymphoproliferative disorder in lung transplant recipients
Authors: Cheng Jesse , Moore Cody A. , Iasella Carlo J. , Glanville Allan R. , Morrell Matthew R. , Smith Randall B. , McDyer John F. , Ensor Christopher R. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractA systematic review of papers in English on post‐transplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD) in lung transplant recipients (LTR) using MEDLINE, EMBASE, SCOPUS, and Cochrane databases was performed. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) recommendations were strictly adhered to. Pooled odds ratios (pOR) were calculated from a random‐effects model, and heterogeneity among studies was quantitated using I2 values. Fourteen studies published from 2005 to 2015 were included in the meta‐analysis. One hundred and sixty‐four lung transplant recipients were included. LTRs who received single vs bilateral were associated with a 7.67‐fold risk of death after PTLD (6 studies with 64 LTRs; pOR 7.67 95% CI 1.98‐29.70; P = .003). pOR of death for early onset PTLD (<1 year post‐LT) vs late onset (>1 year post‐LT) was not different (3 studies with 72 LTRS; pOR 0.62, 95% CI 0.20‐1.86, P = .39). Standardized mean difference (SMD) in time from transplant to PTLD onset between LTRs who died vs alive was not different (9 studies with 109 LTRs; SMD 0.03, 95% CI −0.48‐0.53, P = .92). Survival in polymorphic vs monomorphic PTLD and extranodal vs nodal disease was similar (4 studies with 31 LTRs; pOR 0.44, 95% CI 0.08‐2.51; P = .36. 6 studies with 81 LTRs; pOR 1.05 95% CI 0.31‐3.52, P = .94). This meta‐analysis demonstrates that single LTRs are at a higher risk of death vs bilateral LTRs after the development of PTLD.
Amodiaquine improves insulin resistance and lipid metabolism in diabetic model mice
Authors: Jung Hoe‐Yune , Kim Bobae , Ryu Hye Guk , Ji Yosep , Park Soyoung , Choi Seung Hee , Lee Dohyun , Lee In‐Kyu , Kim Munki , Lee You Jeong , Song Woojin , Lee Young Hee , Choi Hyung Jin , Hyun Chang‐Kee , Holzapfel Wilhelm H , Kim Kyong‐Tai 
Published: March 2018

AimsAlthough peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptors (PPARs)α/γ dual agonists can be beneficial for treatment of dyslipidemia in patients with type 2 diabetes, their use is limited owing to various side effects, including body weight gain, edema, and heart failure. We aimed to demonstrate that amodiaquine, an antimalarial agent, has potential as a PPARα/γ dual agonist with low risk of adverse effects.MethodsWe screened a Prestwick library (Prestwick Chemical; Illkirch, France) to identify novel PPARα/γ dual agonists and selected amodiaquine (4‐[(7‐chloroquinolin‐4‐yl)amino]‐2‐[(diethylamino)methyl]phenol), which activated both PPAR‐α & ‐γ, for further investigation. We performed both in vitro, including glucose uptake assay and fatty acid oxidation assay, and in vivo studies to elucidate the anti‐diabetic and anti‐obesity effects of amodiaquine.ResultsAmodiaquine selectively activated the transcriptional activities of PPARα/γ and enhanced both fatty acid oxidation and glucose uptake without altering insulin secretion in vitro. In high‐fat diet‐induced obese and genetically modified obese/diabetic mice, amodiaquine not only remarkably ameliorated insulin resistance, hyperlipidemia, and fatty liver but also decreased body weight gain.ConclusionOur findings suggest that amodiaquine exerts beneficial effects on glucose and lipid metabolism by concurrent activation of PPARα/γ. Furthermore, amodiaquine acts as an alternative insulin‐sensitizing agent with a positive influence on lipid metabolism and has potential to prevent and treat type 2 diabetes while reducing the risk of lipid abnormalities.
Knowledge about emergency dental trauma management among school teachers in Colombia: A baseline study to develop an education strategy
Authors: Marcano‐Caldera Maytté , Mejía‐Cardona Jose Luis , Parra Sanchez José Hernán , Méndez de la Espriella Catalina , Covo Morales Eduardo , Sierra Varón Gustavo , Gómez Díaz Martha , Fortich Mesa Natalia , Escobar Villegas Paola , Bermúdez Reyes Patricia , Rodríguez Sanchez Patricia , Mejia Fernández Pedro , Gómez‐Scarpetta Ruth Ángela , Bernal Alfaro Vanessa , Cifuentes Aguirre Olga Lucia , López Soto Olga Patricia , Sigurdsson Asgeir 
Published: March 2018

AbstractBackground/AimDental trauma in school populations has a high frequency and school teachers are often close to the place where such injuries occur. However, many studies have confirmed the lack of knowledge as to how to act in these cases. The aim of this study was to determine the knowledge in regard to dental trauma of school teachers in Colombia.Materials and MethodsA multicentre, descriptive cross‐sectional study was performed in 251 schools using a stratified randomized sampling. A structured hard copy survey was personally delivered to 2390 school teachers in the selected schools. The survey contained questions related to work experience, teaching level and demographic data, as well as questions related to their knowledge of and attitude towards emergency dental trauma management.ResultsThe response rate was 96%. Most of the school teachers (95%) had never received training related to dental trauma, although 35% had witnessed at least 1 case. Of 2296 school teachers surveyed, only 5.8% would have replanted an avulsed tooth. An association was found between work experience and appropriate management of an avulsed tooth. No significant differences were found in regard to school location (city), school type (private/public), gender and school teachers’ education level.ConclusionsThe knowledge of school teachers in Colombia about emergency dental trauma management is inadequate. The findings strongly suggest a need for an education strategy with the involvement of the government, dentistry schools and private organizations.
Spontaneous eye blink rate and dopamine synthesis capacity: preliminary evidence for an absence of positive correlation
Authors: Sescousse Guillaume , Ligneul Romain , van Holst Ruth J. , Janssen Lieneke K. , de Boer Femke , Janssen Marcel , Berry Anne S. , Jagust William J. , Cools Roshan 
Published: March 2018

AbstractDopamine is central to a number of cognitive functions and brain disorders. Given the cost of neurochemical imaging in humans, behavioural proxy measures of dopamine have gained in popularity in the past decade, such as spontaneous eye blink rate (sEBR). Increased sEBR is commonly associated with increased dopamine function based on pharmacological evidence and patient studies. Yet, this hypothesis has not been validated using in vivo measures of dopamine function in humans. To fill this gap, we measured sEBR and striatal dopamine synthesis capacity using [18F]DOPA PET in 20 participants (nine healthy individuals and 11 pathological gamblers). Our results, based on frequentist and Bayesian statistics, as well as region‐of‐interest and voxel‐wise analyses, argue against a positive relationship between sEBR and striatal dopamine synthesis capacity. They show that, if anything, the evidence is in favour of a negative relationship. These results, which complement findings from a recent study that failed to observe a relationship between sEBR and dopamine D2 receptor availability, suggest that caution and nuance are warranted when interpreting sEBR in terms of a proxy measure of striatal dopamine.
Influence of auditory attention on sentence recognition captured by the neural phase
Authors: Müller Jana Annina , Kollmeier Birger , Debener Stefan , Brand Thomas 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate whether attentional influences on speech recognition are reflected in the neural phase entrained by an external modulator. Sentences were presented in 7 Hz sinusoidally modulated noise while the neural response to that modulation frequency was monitored by electroencephalogram (EEG) recordings in 21 participants. We implemented a selective attention paradigm including three different attention conditions while keeping physical stimulus parameters constant. The participants’ task was either to repeat the sentence as accurately as possible (speech recognition task), to count the number of decrements implemented in modulated noise (decrement detection task), or to do both (dual task), while the EEG was recorded. Behavioural analysis revealed reduced performance in the dual task condition for decrement detection, possibly reflecting limited cognitive resources. EEG analysis revealed no significant differences in power for the 7 Hz modulation frequency, but an attention‐dependent phase difference between tasks. Further phase analysis revealed a significant difference 500 ms after sentence onset between trials with correct and incorrect responses for speech recognition, indicating that speech recognition performance and the neural phase are linked via selective attention mechanisms, at least shortly after sentence onset. However, the neural phase effects identified were small and await further investigation.
Working memory alpha–beta band oscillatory signatures in adolescents and young adults
Authors: Zammit Nowell , Falzon Owen , Camilleri Kenneth , Muscat Richard 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe timing of neural activity is an intriguing way of exposing behaviorally relevant neural activity, as neural populations exploit transient windows of synchronized activations to exchange dynamic communications in the service of various cognitive operations. The link between neural synchrony and working memory (WM) has been supported at the theoretical and empirical level. However, findings have also shown that WM encoding is also related to significant alpha–beta desynchronization. These findings have been primarily recorded during subsequent memory effect paradigms that compare correct with incorrect encoding trials. The dissociable contribution imparted by various processes to WM performance suggests that incorrect performance may not be directly translatable to unsuccessful encoding. Here, we address the relationship between alpha–beta desynchronization and encoding through the use of an alternative paradigm design by contrasting frontal and parietal human scalp electroencephalography activity during the encoding interval of a delayed matching‐to‐sample task with that recorded during a control task. The additional use of non‐verbal/semantic visual stimulation and recruitment of typically developing adolescent subjects has led us to the conclusion that encoding‐relevant alpha–beta decrements can be replicated via a non‐verbal/semantic delayed matching‐to‐sample task and these are also evident in typically developing adolescents, in addition to adults, as has been previously demonstrated. The identification of encoding‐related alpha–beta decrements in adolescent subjects performing such WM tasks may open new avenues to explore whether such a rhythmic signature may explain WM and electrophysiological deficits that emerge in various adolescent neuropsychiatric disorders such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.
Neighbour tolerance, not suppression, provides competitive advantage to non‐native plants
Authors: Golivets Marina , Wallin Kimberly F. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractHigh competitive ability has often been invoked as a key determinant of invasion success and ecological impacts of non‐native plants. Yet our understanding of the strategies that non‐natives use to gain competitive dominance remains limited. Particularly, it remains unknown whether the two non‐mutually exclusive competitive strategies, neighbour suppression and neighbour tolerance, are equally important for the competitive advantage of non‐native plants. Here, we analyse data from 192 peer‐reviewed studies on pairwise plant competition within a Bayesian multilevel meta‐analytic framework and show that non‐native plants outperform their native counterparts due to high tolerance of competition, as opposed to strong suppressive ability. Competitive tolerance ability of non‐native plants was driven by neighbour's origin and was expressed in response to a heterospecific native but not heterospecific non‐native neighbour. In contrast to natives, non‐native species were not more suppressed by hetero‐ vs. conspecific neighbours, which was partially due to higher intensity of intraspecific competition among non‐natives. Heterogeneity in the data was primarily associated with methodological differences among studies and not with phylogenetic relatedness among species. Altogether, our synthesis demonstrates that non‐native plants are competitively distinct from native plants and challenges the common notion that neighbour suppression is the primary strategy for plant invasion success.
Predator occurrence and perceived predation risk determine grouping behavior in guanaco (Lama guanicoe)
Authors: Iranzo Esperanza C. , Wittmer Heiko U. , Traba Juan , Acebes Pablo , Mata Cristina , Malo Juan E. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractGrouping behavior of social ungulates may depend on both predator occurrence and perceived predation risk associated with habitat structure, reproductive state, and density of conspecifics. Over 3 years, we studied grouping behavior of guanaco (Lama guanicoe) families in Chilean Patagonia during the birthing season and determined their response to variation in predator occurrence and perceived predation risk (habitat structure, calf/adult rate, and density of conspecifics). We considered the effect of two predators, puma (Puma concolor) and culpeo fox (Lycalopex culpaeus). We measured two common (family group size and vigilance) and one novel (family group cohesion) behavioral responses of guanaco. Our results show that guanaco family groups adapted their grouping behavior to both predator occurrence and perceived predation risk. Larger family groups were found in open habitats and areas with high puma occurrence, while guanacos stayed in small family groups in areas with high shrub cover or low visibility. Group cohesion increased in areas with higher occurrence of pumas and culpeo foxes, and also increased in smaller family groups and in areas with low guanaco density. Vigilance (number of vigilant adults) was mainly related to group size and visibility, increasing in areas with low visibility, while residual vigilance (vigilance after removing the group‐size effect) did not vary with the explanatory variables examined. Our results suggest that a mix of predator occurrence and perceived predation risk influences guanaco grouping behavior and highlights the importance of evaluating different antipredator responses together and considering all predator species in studies aimed at understanding ungulate behavior.
Five classes of geospatial data and the barriers to using them
Authors: Reynard Darcy 
Published: March 2018

AbstractGeospatial technologies implemented through the World Wide Web (Geoweb) have improved steadily over the last decade. This Geoweb has the potential to allow citizens to collect and use geospatial data in an effort to influence urban planning in a bottom‐up manner—a stark departure from traditional top‐down public consultation in urban planning. This article reviews five classes of geospatial data available to citizens trying to influence urban planning.These classes have been reviewed in the academic literature before, but not at the same time and not with respect to urban planning. Looking at them together allows for examination of the interconnection as well as the boundaries between them. This paper establishes an understanding of these Geoweb data classes and examines the main barriers citizens face when trying to use geospatial data—with a focus on technological and financial barriers. Despite improvements in the Geoweb that help in reducing these barriers, preliminary evidence suggests that the voices of citizens are still not being fully heard in urban planning.This article tells the story of a Geoweb project by Paths for People, a biking and walking advocacy group in Edmonton, Canada. Paths for People initiated a Public Participatory Geographic Information Systems (PPGIS) project to inform the development of biking infrastructure in Edmonton, but this was largely ignored by city council, which adopted a top‐down cycling plan. This paper highlights the large gap between the promises of the Geoweb, the current practice of urban planning, and grassroots capabilities of this form of community engagement.
Migraine Care Challenges and Strategies in US Uninsured and Underinsured Adults: A Narrative Review, Part 1
Authors: Charleston Larry , Royce Jeffrey , Monteith Teshamae S. , Broner Susan W. , O'Brien Hope L. , Manrriquez Salvador L. , Robbins Matthew S. 
Published: March 2018

ObjectiveTo review the scope of the problem facing individuals with migraine who are under‐ or uninsured. In this first of a 2‐part narrative review, we will explore migraine epidemiology and the challenges that face this vulnerable population.BackgroundImplementation of the Affordable Care Act has improved access to health care for many individuals who were previously uninsured, but there are many, particularly those of certain demographics, who are at high risk for worse outcomes.MethodsA narrative review was performed after a series of discussions within the Underserved Populations in Headache Medicine Special Interest Section meetings of the American Headache Society. Literature was reviewed for key concepts underpinning conceptual boundaries and a broad overview of the subject matter. Published guidelines, state‐specific Medicaid websites, headache quality measurement set, literature review, and expert opinion were used to tailor suggested treatment options and therapeutic strategies.ResultsMigraine is common, yet remains underdiagnosed and associated with worse outcomes among those of under‐represented backgrounds and those who are underinsured or uninsured. Low socioeconomics may play an important role in the disease progression, characteristics, outcome, and quality of life of patients with migraine and other headache disorders. Other barriers to optimal care include time constraints, lack of access to specialty providers, transportation, and financial limitations.ConclusionThere are many barriers and challenges that affect people with migraine who are underinsured or uninsured, particularly those of under‐represented racial backgrounds and of lower socioeconomic status.
The associations between psychological stress and psoriasis: a systematic review
Authors: Stewart Thomas J. , Tong Winnie , Whitfeld Margot J. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractPsoriasis is estimated to affect around 2–3% of the general population. More than one‐third of Australians report having a significant level of distress in their daily lives. Psychological stress has long been shown to play an important role in the natural history of psoriasis, but the details of this relationship remain to be clearly defined. We performed a systematic review of the literature with the aim of determining whether there is a temporal association between psychological stress as the predictor and onset and/or exacerbation of psoriasis as the outcome measure. Our secondary aim was to establish whether there is a relationship between the degree of psychological stress and clinical severity of psoriasis. Our systematic review demonstrates a probable temporal association between different measures of psychological stress and onset, recurrence, and severity of psoriasis. In the light of this, we suggest clinicians include “stress” as a trigger factor in their psoriasis assessment and consider psychological interventions as adjuncts, particularly in those who identify as “stress‐responders”.
Genomic sequences of HLA‐A*68:169, HLA‐B*07:298 and HLA‐B*39:129.
Authors: Balas A. , Planelles D. , Rodríguez‐Cebriá M. , Puig N. , Vicario J. L. 
Published: March 2018

SummaryThree new HLA class I alleles were described in the Spanish population. HLA‐A*68:169 and ‐B*39:129 show one amino acid replacement at the α1‐domain, compared to A*68:02 (P47 > L47) and ‐B*39:06 (S11 > A11), respectively. HLA‐B*07:298 presents one nucleotide mutation within exon 1, resulting in a new amino acid position −14, L>Q, which has not been previously described in any HLA protein. Prediction of the B*07:298 signal peptide cleavage did not show significant differences in comparison with that obtained for the rest of HLA‐B genes.