bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“China” and the Emergence of Religious Toleration in Enlightenment Philosophers, Part I: The Early Jesuit Mission and Bayle's Conception of “Reciprocal Toleration”
Authors: Hui Xianzhe , Wenning Mario 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThis article reconstructs the influence of Jesuit missionary writings focusing on China on the emergence of a distinctive conception of toleration. The article highlights the often neglected contributions of Pierre Bayle. After a brief reconstruction of key elements of the Sino‐European encounter, such as the Kangxi Emperor's edict of toleration, the paper describes how Bayle's interpretation of the China Mission contributed to a critique of religious persecution in France and enabled him to develop a defense of a rationalist approach to toleration. The article demonstrates that Bayle's knowledge of China and his methodology of intercultural changes in perspective contributed to the development of an original conception of reciprocal toleration.
Associations of demyelination in the right middle temporal gyrus and right praecuneus with visuospatial cognitive dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Ohnishi Hiroki , Matsuoka Kiwamu , Takahashi Masato , Yoshikawa Hiroaki , Minami Akihiro , Ueda Kazuya , Fujimoto Yuka , Kiuchi Kuniaki , Ochi Tomoko , Miyasaka Toshiteru , Tanaka Toshihiro , Matsumoto Ryohei , Makinodan Manabu , Okada Takashi 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundAlzheimer's disease (AD) is associated with impairments in not only memory but also visuospatial cognitive function. Despite its adverse effects on the quality of life, patients with early‐stage AD are often neglected. Emerging evidence suggests that patients with AD exhibit increased vulnerability of myelin, a crucial component for neuronal conduction and survival. To test our hypothesis that myelin damage was associated with cognitive deficits in AD, we examined correlations of myelin integrity, quantified by T1‐weighted/T2‐weighted (T1w/T2w) ratios, with visuospatial cognitive abilities and compared them between patients with AD and cognitively normal (CN) individuals.MethodsFifty‐seven patients with AD and 22 CN subjects were enrolled in this study. To assess subjects' visuo‐constructive abilities, we employed the Rey–Osterrieth Complex Figure Copy Test (ROCFT‐c) paired with analysis of T1‐ and T2‐weighted magnetic resonance imaging brain images. Voxel‐based associations between T1w/T2w ratios and ROCFT‐c scores in the AD group were assessed, controlling for age and handedness (voxel threshold uncorrected P < 0.001, cluster threshold uncorrected P < 0.05). Additionally, we compared the T1w/T2w ratios of these identified brain regions between the AD and CN groups.ResultsThe voxel‐based analysis demonstrated positive correlations between T1w/T2w ratios and ROCFT‐c scores in the right middle temporal gyrus and right praecuneus in patients with AD who exhibited significantly lower T1w/T2w ratios in the right middle temporal gyrus (P = 0.038) and a trend toward lower T1w/T2w ratios in the right praecuneus (P = 0.055).ConclusionsOur results demonstrated a strong association between reduced myelin integrity in the right middle temporal gyrus and right praecuneus and visuospatial cognitive dysfunction in patients with AD. These findings are believed to shed light on the neural basis of visuospatial processing in patients with AD, underlining the necessity for developing objective biomarkers for assessing patients' visuospatial cognitive function.
Production of novel peptide‐targeting antibodies for anti‐Müllerian hormone receptor 2 and induction of cytotoxicity in ovarian cancer cells
Authors: Şakalar Çağrı , Kurt Büşra , Sezen Sedat , Kaya Savaş 
Published: November 2024

AbstractOvarian cancer is generally diagnosed at late stages. Monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) targeting antigens in ovarian cancer are used in the clinic. Anti‐Müllerian hormone receptor type 2 (AMHR2) is a receptor highly expressed in ovarian cancer and it is a potential target antigen for immunotherapy. Extracellular domain of AMHR2 was analysed in terms of 3D structure and physicochemical properties, and 3 peptide sequences (Peptides 1, 7 and 11) were determined as targets. MAb production protocol was performed, and 6 MAb clones showing high affinity for peptides were obtained. P3B1, P10A10, P10B6 and P2A6 clones were for peptide 11 (P11), P2C9 was for P7, and P6C5 was for P1. Antibody isotype of P2A6 was IgG2a and the others were of IgG1 isotype. MAb binding to the native recombinant protein (AMHR2‐Fc) was analysed by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and MAb binding to AMHR2 expressed by SKOV‐3 ovarian cancer cells was analysed by western blot and immunofluorescent staining. P3B1 showed strong, P10A10, P10B6 and P2C9 showed medium affinity for the native protein (AMHR2‐Fc). P3B1 and P2C9 showed strong binding in western blot analysis. Clones showed moderate binding in immunoflorescent staining. A complement dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) experiment was conducted using MAbs and transfected SKOV‐3 cells. P3B1 induced a significant CDC. Variable regions of P3B1 MAb were sequenced. In conclusion, MAbs for three different regions of AMHR2 were produced. One clone was shown to induce cytotoxicity in ovarian cancer cells and its sequence was determined for future use as a humanised therapeutic MAb.
Does trade facilitation contribute to export product quality upgrading in China?
Authors: Li Chunying , Shen Hao 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis study investigates the effect of trade facilitation in export destination countries on the export product quality of Chinese firms. As a key factor in the rapid development of China's foreign trade, it is still unclear whether trade facilitation has helped to upgrade the quality of firm export products. This study fills this gap by constructing a theoretical framework of the endogenous quality selection model. Using export trade data from the China Customs database from 2007 to 2015, we find a significant U‐shaped relationship between trade facilitation and export product quality. When the degree of trade facilitation is low, the low‐price substitution effect causes the quality of export products to decrease as the level of trade facilitation increases. When the degree of trade facilitation is high, the income feedback effect promotes the quality of export products to increase as the level of trade facilitation increases. This result is confirmed across different income countries and technology products, highlighting the importance of trade facilitation affecting the quality of export products through the low‐price substitution effect and the income feedback effect.
Significance of incidentally identified bullae and blebs on thoracic computed tomography and prevalence of subsequent pneumothorax in dogs
Authors: Healy Donough , Ballarini Laura , Agthe Petra , Cantatore Matteo , Moores Alison L. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the prevalence of incidentally found pulmonary bullae and blebs (PBBs) in a population of dogs undergoing thoracic computed tomography (CT) for reasons other than presence of pneumothorax and to determine the prevalence of subsequent spontaneous pneumothorax (SP) development.Study designRetrospective study.AnimalsA total of 30 dogs.MethodA total of 2221 CT studies of the sample population were retrospectively assessed for the presence of incidental PBBs between April 2013 and April 2019. Inclusion criteria were complete thoracic CT studies from dogs obtained from the hospital database. Exclusion criteria were concurrent presence of a pneumothorax or severe pulmonary disease preventing assessment for PBBs, an air‐filled space related to a pathological process, for example, neoplasm, incomplete CT studies, or no available follow‐up. Long term outcome was evaluated using a questionnaire to determine the occurrence of SP post CT examination.ResultsIncidental PBBs were identified in 30 out of 2178 (1.4%) CT studies that met the inclusion criteria. None of the dogs subsequently developed clinical evidence of SP (median follow‐up time 1255 days, range: 147 to 2363 days). One dog died suddenly of unknown cause and as no post‐mortem was performed SP could not be ruled out.ConclusionThere was a low prevalence of incidentally found PBBs in dogs. None of the dogs followed over a long period subsequently developed SP.Clinical significanceBased on this study, prophylactic removal of lung tissue containing incidentally found PPBs is not justified.
Florfenicol administration in piglets co-selects for multiple antimicrobial resistance genes
Authors: Holman Devin B. , Gzyl Katherine E. , Kommadath Arun 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

Antimicrobial use in food-producing animals such as pigs is a significant issue due to its association with antimicrobial resistance. Florfenicol is a broad-spectrum phenicol antibiotic used in swine for various indications; however, its effect on the swine microbiome and resistome is largely unknown. This study investigated these effects in piglets treated intramuscularly with florfenicol at 1 and 7 days of age. Fecal samples were collected from treated (
n
= 30) and untreated (
n
= 30) pigs at nine different time points up until 140 days of age, and the fecal metagenomes were sequenced. The fecal microbiomes of the two groups of piglets were most dissimilar in the immediate period following florfenicol administration. These differences were driven in part by an increase in the relative abundance of
Clostridium scindens
,
Enterococcus faecalis
, and
Escherichia
spp. in the florfenicol-treated piglets and
Fusobacterium
spp.,
Pauljensenia hyovaginalis
, and
Ruminococcus gnavus
in the control piglets. In addition to selecting for florfenicol resistance genes (
floR
,
fexA
, and
fexB
), florfenicol also selected for genes conferring resistance to the aminoglycosides, beta-lactams, or sulfonamides up until weaning at 21 days of age. Florfenicol-resistant
Escherichia coli
isolated from these piglets were found to carry a plasmid with
floR
, along with
tet
(A),
aph(6)-Id
,
aph(3″)-Ib
,
sul2
, and
bla
TEM-1
/
bla
CMY-2
. A plasmid carrying
fexB
and
poxtA
(phenicols and oxazolidinones) was identified in florfenicol-resistant
Enterococcus avium
,
Enterococcus faecium
, and
E. faecalis
isolates from the treated piglets. This study highlights the potential for co-selection and perturbation of the fecal microbial community in pre-weaned piglets administered florfenicol.

IMPORTANCE

Antimicrobial use remains a serious challenge in food-animal production due to its linkage with antimicrobial resistance. Antimicrobial resistance can reduce the efficacy of veterinary treatment and can potentially be transferred to humans through the food chain or direct contact with animals and their environment. In this study, early-life florfenicol treatment in piglets altered the composition of the fecal microbiome and selected for many unrelated antimicrobial resistance genes up until weaning at 21 days of age. Part of this co-selection process appeared to involve an
Escherichia coli
plasmid carrying a florfenicol resistance gene along with genes conferring resistance to at least four other antimicrobial classes. In addition, florfenicol selected for certain genes that provide resistance to multiple antimicrobial classes, including the oxazolidinones. These results highlight that florfenicol can co-select for multiple antimicrobial resistance genes, and their presence on mobile genetic elements suggests the potential for transfer to other bacteria.
Evolution of copper resistance in
Xanthomonas euvesicatoria
pv.
perforans
population
Authors: Kaur Amandeep , Minsavage Gerald V. , Potnis Neha , Jones Jeffrey B. , Goss Erica M. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

The widespread use of antimicrobials that target bacterial pathogens has driven evolution of resistance, compromising the efficacy of these bactericides. Understanding the emergence and spread of resistance genes via mobile genetic elements is crucial for combating antimicrobial resistance. Copper resistance (CuR) in
Xanthomonas euvesicatoria
pv.
perforans
has severely affected the efficacy of copper-based bactericides for controlling bacterial leaf spot disease of tomato and pepper. Here, we investigated the evolutionary pathways of CuR acquisition and dissemination in
X. euvesicatoria
pv.
perforans
using an extensive collection of strains. We determined that chromosomally encoded CuR predominates over plasmid-borne CuR in multiple distinct phylogenetic groups of
X. euvesicatoria
pv.
perforans
. Our analysis revealed a single site of chromosomal integration by a CuR genomic island, although the genomic island showed sequence variation among phylogenetic groups. While chromosomal CuR was more prevalent, strains with plasmid-borne resistance conferred greater copper tolerance. Additionally, we identified strains carrying two copies of CuR genes, on plasmid and chromosome, that exhibited increased copper tolerance. Strains of
X. euvesicatoria
pv.
perforans
from the USA shared identical CuR gene sequences whether on plasmids or chromosome while different alleles were found in strains from other countries. In contrast to
X. euvesicatoria
pv.
perforans
, plasmid-borne CuR predominated in closely related pathovar,
X. euvesicatoria
pv.
euvesicatoria
. Overall, these findings contribute to a better understanding of the evolution and persistence of CuR in
X. euvesicatoria
pv.
perforans
and its closest relatives.

IMPORTANCE

The emergence of antimicrobial resistance is a significant threat to agricultural production as it reduces the efficacy of various antimicrobials including copper-based bactericides that are widely used to control plant diseases. The challenge of increasing antimicrobial resistance entering a production system necessitates a deeper understanding of the dynamics and mechanisms by which pathogens acquire resistance. As a result of this research, we have identified different mechanisms of copper resistance acquisition as well as levels of copper resistance in a devastating plant pathogen,
X. euvesicatoria
pv.
perforans
. The evolution and dissemination of copper resistance in strains through plasmid or chromosomally integrated genomic island or both presents barriers to current management approaches, where growers rely heavily on copper-based bactericides to manage disease outbreaks. This knowledge is crucial when considering the continued use of existing antimicrobials or adopting alternative antimicrobials in efforts to implement enhanced antimicrobial stewardship strategies in agriculture.
Mediating effect of working conditions on the association between education and early labour market exit: a cohort study of Swedish men
Authors: Carlsson Emma , Hemmingsson Tomas , Almroth Melody , Falkstedt Daniel , Kjellberg Katarina , Thern Emelie 
Published: November 2024

ObjectivesIt is not fully known what explains educational inequalities in early labour market exits. This study aims to examine the mediating effect of exposure to unfavourable working conditions, measured by low job control and high physical workload, on the association between education and early labour market exit among men.MethodsThis register-based study included all men born 1951–1953, who underwent Swedish military conscription in late adolescence and had a registered educational level in 2005 (n=115 998). These men were followed from ages 53–55 to 64 regarding early labour market exit (disability pension, long-term sickness absence, long-term unemployment, early old-age retirement with and without income). Mediation analysis was used to examine the role of job control and physical workload in explaining the educational differences in early exit. Factors measured in childhood and late adolescence were included as confounders.ResultsThe proportion mediated by job control was around 17% and for physical workload around 22% for the least educated men for exit through disability pension, long-term sickness absence and long-term unemployment. For early old-age retirement with and without income, working conditions were not mediating factors, except for job control mediating up to 18% for exit through early old-age retirement with income.ConclusionsJob control and physical workload seem to be important factors explaining the educational differences in most early exit routes, also after accounting for early life factors. These results indicate the importance of improving working conditions to decrease inequalities in early labour market exit and prolong working life.
Implications of $$B \rightarrow K \nu {\bar{\nu }}$$ under rank-one flavor violation hypothesis
Authors: Marzocca David , Nardecchia Marco , Stanzione Alfredo , Toni Claudio 
Published: November 2024

AbstractWe study the implications of the observed excess in $$B^+ \rightarrow K^+ \nu \bar{\nu }$$

B
+

→

K
+

ν

ν

¯

under the assumption of Rank-One Flavour Violation, i.e. that New Physics couples to a single specific direction in flavour space. By varying this direction we perform analyses at the level of the low-energy EFT, the SMEFT, and with explicit mediators such as leptoquarks and colorless vectors ($$Z^\prime $$

Z
′

and $$V^\prime $$

V
′

). We study correlations with other flavour, electroweak and collider observables, finding that the most interesting ones are with $$K \rightarrow \pi \nu \bar{\nu }$$

K
→
π
ν

ν

¯

, $$B_s \rightarrow \mu ^+ \mu ^-$$

B
s

→

μ
+

μ
-

, meson mixing and the LHC searches in $$\tau ^+ \tau ^-$$

τ
+

τ
-

high-energy tails. Among the various mediators, the scalar leptoquarks $$\tilde{R}_2$$

R
~

2

and $$S_1$$

S
1

offer the best fits of the Belle-II excess, while being consistent with the other bounds. On the other hand, colorless vectors are strongly constrained by meson mixing and resonance searches in $$p p \rightarrow \tau ^+ \tau ^-$$

p
p
→

τ
+

τ
-

. In all cases we find that a flavour alignment close to the third generation is generically preferred.
A new quantum solution to blind millionaires’ problem without an honest third party
Authors: Du Gang , Zhang Yu , Mao Xinyue , Sun Hongwei , Wang Lei 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe quantum blind millionaires’ (QBM) problem is an expanded version of the millionaires’ problem in a quantum environment. For any two sets with different members, the QBM problem represents the quantum solution of the private summation in each set and the private comparison of the results simultaneously. During it, the secrets of any participant should be protected. As a new topic in quantum secure multiparty computation (QSMC), current solutions to QBM problems usually require an honest third party to resist some potential attack strategies. However, the assumptions will affect their applicability in practical cooperative security systems. In this paper, we propose a new solution to the quantum blind millionaires’ (QBM) problem without the help of an honest third party for the first time. In our solution, the shift operations are applied to the d-dimensional 2-particle entangled states to encode the secrets of the participants. According to our analysis, the proposed solution can effectively resist typical internal and external attacks by applying the detection methods generated by the participants. We hope that the research will make positive developments for QSMC.
Research and Optimization of Audit Risk Assessment Model Based on Regression Algorithm
Authors: Fang Li , Sun Hui 
Published: November 2024

Recently, auditors have used audit risk models’ conceptual tools to assess and control the many risks that could occur during an audit. The tool guides the auditor in determining the necessary evidence for each relevant allegation and the required categories of evidence. The importance of refining audit risk assessment models depends on the crucial role that these models perform in allocating resources and reducing financial disparities. The challenging characteristic of such an audit risk assessment model is that inaccurate information can lead to incorrect risk assessments, legal frameworks and failure to detect material misstatements in financial statements. Hence, in this research, BP neural network-enabled machine learning (BPNN-ML) technologies have been improved for the audit risk assessment model. In that financial disparity, the regression algorithm was used to establish the audit risk assessment for data processing and entirely monitor it. The suggested method provides a flexible framework that may be utilized by a wide range of organizations, including global enterprises and financial institutions, to optimize audit processes and ensure regulatory compliance. This research adds to advancing auditing procedures and regulatory compliance efforts in contemporary company contexts by addressing the issues inherent in traditional methods and proposing a practical approach to these concerns. The experimental analysis of BPNN-ML outperforms physical monitoring in terms of feature importance ranking analysis, contextual adaptability analysis, sensitivity analysis, performance analysis and optimized risk assessment analysis.
PACMNET, V2, CoNEXT4, December 2024 Editorial
Authors: Mellia Marco , Steenkiste Peter , Qazi Ihsan Ayyub , Tyson Gareth 
Published: November 2024

The Proceedings of the ACM on Networking (PACMNET) series showcases top-tier research in emerging computer networks and their applications. We welcome submissions introducing new technologies, innovative experiments, creative applications of networking technologies, and fresh insights gained through analysis. Supported by the ACM Special Interest Group on Communications and Computer Networks (SIGCOMM), the journal is backed by a distinguished Editorial Board composed of leading researchers in the field.
This issue concludes the second volume of PACMNET which in total published 32 articles, with a growth of 25% compared to the first volume. This issue features 18 articles, all submitted by the June 2024 deadline when a total of 121 submissions were received. Each submission underwent a thorough review process involving over 80 Editors, coordinated by two Associate Editors. In the initial phase, every article received a minimum of three reviews. Following an online discussion, roughly half of the submissions were rejected, while the other half advanced to a second review phase. In this phase, Editors produced at least two additional reviews per article. After a further discussion and remote Editors' meeting, 18 articles were chosen for publication and appear in this issue.
Topics include network measurement, security, and privacy of both traditional and novel networking technologies. From a methodological perspective, machine learning and artificial intelligence-based solutions are predominant. All papers include a thorough set of experiments to validate the proposed solutions.
We would like to express our gratitude to all those who contributed to this issue of PACMNET, especially the Authors for submitting their finest work and the Associate Editors for offering valuable feedback in their reviews and engaging in the discussions. Our thanks also go to the SIGCOMM Executive Committee Chair and the CoNEXT Steering Committee members for their continued support and guidance, providing essential suggestions and insights throughout the article selection process.