bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MULTISENSORY ELEMENT PADA EVENT JATILEUWIH AGRICULTURE FESTIVAL 2017 DI TABANAN BALI SEBAGAI KEGIATAN AKTIVASI MEREK UNTUK OBJEK PARIWISATA
Authors: Pamungkas Indra Novianto Adibayu , Fitrah Dini Salmiyah 
Published: January 2019

Abstract:. Bali is one of destination that chosen by tourist because of many attraction available. Today, this place has become the number one destination based on traveler choice, One of the destination in Bali is Jatilewih and it is recently admitted by UNESCO as the one of heritages in the world. In branding activity, the management of Jatilewih holds an event named Jatilewih Agricultrue Festival. It is the first held in the year of 2017. This research objective is to analised the used of muktisensory element which applied in the event. This research used qualitative methodology and indepth interview methods to the management and visitor. The reaseach found that something dominant will be easily remembered if it is applied as the center idea as the strategy. In the execution, is is necessary to make that dominant will be a center idea in order that people can receive the message of branding. Keyword: Multisensory, Branding , Event Abstrak: Bali merupakan salah satu destinasi pilihan wisatawan dengan tersedianya beragam jenis pariwisata. Bali kini menjadi salah satu tujuan pariwisata nomor satu bedasarkan pilihan travelers. Salah satu daerah tujuan wisata yang mendapatkan penganugrahan sebagai situs warisan budaya adalah Jatilewih. Dalam kegiatan branding nya, pengelola Jatilewih mengadakan event pertanian yang dinamakan Jatilewih Agriculture Fesival. Event ini pertama kali digelar pada tahun 2017. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisa multisensory elemen dan penerapannya dalam event Jatilewih Agriculture Festival tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan metodologi kualitatif dengan metode wawancara mendalam kepada pengelola dan pengunjung event tersebut. Hasil penelitian dari reset ini menemukan bahwa sesuatu yang bersifat dominan akan diingat oleh pengunjung dan hal ini akan membantu proses branding. Perlunya menentukan kedominanan pada sesuatu eksekusi event dalam hal menciptakan pengalaman dari para pengunjung untuk mengingat Jatilewih dalam memori mereka. Hal ini ditekankan pada penentuan ide central dalam melakukan aktivitas branding agar pesan mudah diterima oleh pengunjung event.Kata kunci : Multisensory, Branding, Event
Hubungan panjang bobot dan faktor kondisi ikan petek, Leiognathus equulus (Forsskål, 1775) di Teluk Pabean, Jawa Barat
Authors: Aditriawan Reiza Maulana , Runtuboy Nico 
Published: January 2019

This study is aimed to determine length-weight relationship and condition factor of common ponyfish in Pabean Bay, Indramayu. The study was carried out for one year, from April 2016 to March 2017. Fish collection were caught using gillnet and set net. total of 154 individual fishes were caught, the fish samples ranged from 18 - 141 mm in length and 0.05 – 41.35 g in weight. The length-weight relationship of ponyfish throughout a year was W = 7x10-06 L3,1983. The result indicated that the growth pattern of fish was positive allometric. The relative condition factor of ponyfish was varied from 0,67 – 1,42 AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan hubungan panjang bobot dan faktor kondisi ikan petek yang ada di Teluk Pabean, Indramayu. Penelitian dilaksanakan selama satu tahun dari bulan April 2016 hingga bulan Maret 2017. Ikan contoh ditangkap dengan menggunakan alat tangkap yaitu jaring insang dan sero. Jumlah ikan yang tertangkap seba-nyak 154 ekor dengan kisaran panjang total 18 - 141 mm dan bobot 0,05 – 41,35 g. Hubungan panjang-bobot ikan petek sepanjang tahun 2016 adalah W = 7x10-06 L3,1983. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa pola pertumbuhan ikan bersifat alome-trik positif. Faktor kondisi ikan petek berfluktuasi berkisar antara 0,67 – 1,42.
Programa nuclear de Corea del Norte, ¿un riesgo real para la seguridad internacional?
Authors: Villa Guzmán Carlos Antonio , Arias Sánchez María del Carmen 
Published: January 2019

El objetivo de la investigación es analizar qué motivó a Corea del Norte para desarrollar su programa nuclear militar, investigar si dicho programa nuclear representa un riesgo real para la seguridad internacional y si existe la posibilidad que este país use las armas nucleares para la solución del conflicto con los Estados Unidos de América y con Corea del Sur.
En el trabajo se identificó que el resguardo de su seguridad y la supervivencia, sí incidieron en la decisión de Norcorea para volverse nuclear; aunque también influyó la búsqueda de estatus y temas de política interna.
Aunque el programa nuclear de Corea del Norte representa un riesgo para la seguridad internacional, es muy poco probable que use dicho armamento pues su uso principal es para lograr ayuda económica, además no cuenta con la capacidad militar para hacer frente a un ataque de los EEUU, ni tampoco con la capacidad económica para reponerse de ello.
Constraints on the H i Mass for NGC 1052-DF2
Authors: Sardone Amy , Pisano D. J. , Burke-Spolaor Sarah , Mascoop Joshua L. , Pol Nihan 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
We report deep, single-dish 21 cm observations of NGC 1052-DF2, taken with the Green Bank Telescope. NGC 1052-DF2, proposed to be lacking in dark matter, is currently classified as an ultra-diffuse galaxy in the NGC 1052 group. We do not detect the galaxy, and derive an upper limit on the H i mass. The galaxy is extremely gas poor, and we find that a

detection at a distance of 19 Mpc and using a line width of 3.2 km s−1 would have an upper limit of

M
⊙. At this mass limit, the gas fraction of neutral gas mass to stellar mass is extremely low, at M
H i
/M
⋆ < 0.0027. This extremely low gas fraction, comparable to Galactic dwarf spheroidals and gas-poor dwarf ellipticals, implies that either the galaxy is within the virial radius of NGC 1052, where its gas has been stripped due to its proximity to the central galaxy, or that NGC 1052-DF2 is at a distance that is large enough to inhibit detection of its gas. We also estimate the upper limit of the H i mass of NGC 1052-DF2 resided at 13 Mpc. This would give an H i mass of

M
⊙, and an H i gas fraction if M
H i
/M
⋆ < 0.0024, becoming even more extreme for its environment. While the dark matter fraction would be less extreme at this distance, the neutral gas fraction would be unprecedented for an object in a low-density environment.
Pandemic influenza and major disease outbreak preparedness in US emergency departments: A survey of medical directors and department chairs
Authors: Morton, MD, MPH Melinda J. , Kirsch, MD, MPH Thomas D. , Rothman, MD, PhD Richard E. , Byerly, MD Marielle M. , Hsieh, PhD Yu-Hsiang , McManus, MD, MCR John G. , Kelen, MD Gabor D. 
Published: January 2019

Study objectives: To quantify the readiness of individual academic emergency departments (EDs) in the United States for an outbreak of pandemic influenza.Methods, design, and setting: Cross-sectional assessment of influenza pandemic preparedness level of EDs in the United States via survey of medical directors and department chairs from the 135 academic emergency medicine departments in the United States. Preparedness assessed using a novel score of 15 critical preparedness indicators. Data analysis consisted of summary statistics, χ2, and ANOVA.Participants: ED medical directors and department chairs.Results: One hundred and thirty academic emergency medicine departments contacted; 66 (50.4 percent) responded. Approximately half (56.0 percent) stated their ED had a written plan for pandemic influenza response. Mean preparedness score was 7.2 (SD = 4.0) out of 15 (48.0 percent); only one program (1.5 percent) achieved a perfect score. Respondents from programs with larger EDs (=30 beds) were more likely to have a higher preparedness score (p 0.035), an ED pandemic preparedness plan (p = 0.004) and a hospital pandemic preparedness plan (p = 0.007). Respondents from programs with larger EDs were more likely to feel that their ED was prepared for a pandemic or other major disease outbreak (p = 0.01). Only onethird (34.0 percent) felt their ED was prepared for a major disease outbreak, and only 27 percent felt their hospital was prepared to respond to a major disease outbreak.Conclusions: Significant deficits in preparedness for pandemic influenza and other disease outbreaks exist in US EDs, relative to HHS guidelines, which appear to be related in part to ED size. Further study should be undertaken to determine the barriers to appropriate pandemic preparedness, as well as to develop and validate preparedness metrics.
Atmospheric band fitting coefficients derived from a self-consistent rocket-borne experiment
Authors: Grygalashvyly Mykhaylo , Eberhart Martin , Hedin Jonas , Strelnikov Boris , Lübken Franz-Josef , Rapp Markus , Löhle Stefan , Fasoulas Stefanos , Khaplanov Mikhail , Gumbel Jörg , Vorobeva Ekaterina 
Published: January 2019

Abstract. Based on self-consistent rocket-borne measurements of temperature, the
densities of atomic oxygen and neutral air, and the volume emission of the
atmospheric band (762 nm), we examined the one-step and two-step excitation
mechanism of O2b1Σg+ for nighttime
conditions. Following McDade et al. (1986), we derived the empirical fitting
coefficients, which parameterize the atmospheric band emission
O2b1Σg+-X3Σg-0,0. This allows us to derive the atomic oxygen concentration from
nighttime observations of atmospheric band emission O2b1Σg+-X3Σg-0,0. The
derived empirical parameters can also be utilized for atmospheric band
modeling. Additionally, we derived the fit function and corresponding
coefficients for the combined (one- and two-step) mechanism. The simultaneous
common volume measurements of all the parameters involved in the theoretical
calculation of the observed O2b1Σg+-X3Σg-0,0
emission, i.e., temperature and density of the background air, atomic oxygen
density, and volume emission rate, is the novelty and the advantage of this
work.
The observed diurnal cycle of low-level stratus clouds over southern West Africa: a case study
Authors: Babić Karmen , Adler Bianca , Kalthoff Norbert , Andersen Hendrik , Dione Cheikh , Lohou Fabienne , Lothon Marie , Pedruzo-Bagazgoitia Xabier 
Published: January 2019

Abstract. This study presents the first detailed observational analysis of
the complete diurnal cycle of stratiform low-level clouds (LLC) and involved
atmospheric processes over southern West Africa (SWA). The data used here
were collected during the comprehensive DACCIWA
(Dynamics-Aerosol-Chemistry-Cloud-Interactions in West Africa) ground-based
campaign, which aimed at monitoring LLC characteristics and capturing the
wide range of atmospheric conditions related to the West African monsoon
flow. In this study, in situ and remote sensing measurements from the
supersite near Savè (Benin) collected during a typical day, which is
characterized by the onset of a nocturnal low-level jet (NLLJ) and the
formation of LLC, are analyzed. The associated dynamic and thermodynamic
conditions allow the identification of five different phases related to the
LLC diurnal cycle: the stable, jet, stratus I, stratus II, and convective
phases. The analysis of relative humidity tendency shows that cooling is a
dominant process for LLC formation, which leads to a continuous increase in
relative humidity at a maximum rate of 6 % h−1, until finally saturation is reached and LLC form with a
cloud-base height near the height of NLLJ maximum. Results of heat budget
analysis illustrate that horizontal cold-air advection, related to the
maritime inflow, which brings the cool maritime air mass and a prominent NLLJ
wind profile, has the dominant role in the observed strong cooling of
−1.2 K h−1 during the jet phase. The contribution from horizontal
cold advection is quantified to be up to 68 %, while radiative cooling
and sensible heat flux divergence both contribute 16 % to the observed heat
budget below the NLLJ maximum. After the LLC form (stratus phases I and II),
turbulent mixing is an important factor leading to the cooling below the
cloud base, while strong radiative cooling at the cloud top helps to maintain
thick stratus.
Studying the impact of biomass burning aerosol radiative and climate effects on the Amazon rainforest productivity with an Earth system model
Authors: Malavelle Florent F. , Haywood Jim M. , Mercado Lina M. , Folberth Gerd A. , Bellouin Nicolas , Sitch Stephen , Artaxo Paulo 
Published: January 2019

Abstract. Diffuse light conditions can increase the efficiency of photosynthesis and
carbon uptake by vegetation canopies. The diffuse fraction of
photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) can be affected by either a change
in the atmospheric aerosol burden and/or a change in cloudiness. During the
dry season, a hotspot of biomass burning on the edges of the Amazon
rainforest emits a complex mixture of aerosols and their precursors and
climate-active trace gases (e.g. CO2, CH4, NOx). This
creates potential for significant interactions between chemistry, aerosol,
cloud, radiation and the biosphere across the Amazon region. The combined
effects of biomass burning on the terrestrial carbon cycle for the
present day are potentially large, yet poorly quantified. Here, we quantify
such effects using the Met Office Hadley Centre Earth system model
HadGEM2-ES, which provides a fully coupled framework with interactive aerosol, radiative
transfer, dynamic vegetation, atmospheric chemistry and biogenic volatile
organic compound emission components. Results show that for present day,
defined as year 2000 climate, the overall net impact of biomass burning
aerosols is to increase net primary productivity (NPP) by +80 to +105 TgC yr−1,
or 1.9 % to 2.7 %, over the central Amazon Basin on annual mean. For
the first time we show that this enhancement is the net result of multiple
competing effects: an increase in diffuse light which stimulates
photosynthetic activity in the shaded part of the canopy (+65 to +110 TgC yr−1), a reduction in the total amount of radiation (−52 to −105 TgC yr−1)
which reduces photosynthesis and feedback from climate adjustments in
response to the aerosol forcing which increases the efficiency of biochemical
processes (+67 to +100 TgC yr−1). These results illustrate that despite a
modest direct aerosol effect (the sum of the first two counteracting
mechanisms), the overall net impact of biomass burning aerosols on
vegetation is sizeable when indirect climate feedbacks are considered. We
demonstrate that capturing the net impact of aerosols on vegetation should be
assessed considering the system-wide behaviour.
Aerosol hygroscopic growth, contributing factors, and impact on haze events in a severely polluted region in northern China
Authors: Chen Jun , Li Zhanqing , Lv Min , Wang Yuying , Wang Wei , Zhang Yingjie , Wang Haofei , Yan Xing , Sun Yele , Cribb Maureen 
Published: January 2019

Abstract. This study investigates the impact of the aerosol hygroscopic
growth effect on haze events in Xingtai, a heavily polluted city in the
central part of the North China Plain (NCP), using a large array of instruments
measuring aerosol optical, physical, and chemical properties. Key instruments
used and measurements made include the Raman lidar for atmospheric water
vapor content and aerosol optical profiles, the PC-3016A GrayWolf six-channel
handheld particle and mass meter for atmospheric total particulate matter (PM)
that has diameters less than 1 and 2.5 µm (PM1 and
PM2.5, respectively), the aerosol chemical speciation monitor (ACSM) for
chemical components in PM1, and the hygroscopic tandem differential
mobility analyzer (H-TDMA) for aerosol hygroscopicity. The changes in
PM1 and PM2.5 agreed well with that of the water vapor content due
to the aerosol hygroscopic growth effect. Two cases were selected to further
analyze the effects of aerosol hygroscopic growth on haze events. The
lidar-estimated hygroscopic enhancement factor for the aerosol backscattering
coefficient during a relatively clean period (Case I) was lower than that
during a pollution event (Case II) with similar relative humidity (RH) levels
of 80 %–91 %. The Kasten model was used to fit the aerosol optical
hygroscopic growth factor (GF) whose parameter b differed considerably between
the two cases, i.e., 0.1000 (Case I) versus 0.9346 (Case II). The aerosol
acidity value calculated from ACSM data for Case I (1.35) was less than that
for Case II (1.50) due to different amounts of inorganics such as
NH4NO3, NH4HSO4, and (NH4)2SO4. Model
results based on H-TDMA data showed that aerosol hygroscopic growth factors
in each size category (40, 80, 110, 150, and 200 nm) at different RH levels
(80 %–91 %) for Case I were lower than those for Case II. For similar
ambient RH levels, the high content of nitrate facilitates the hygroscopic
growth of aerosols, which may be a major factor contributing to heavy haze
episodes in Xingtai.
‘Poetisa’: ideología de un vocablo; el caso de México
Authors: Del Ángel Diana 
Published: January 2019

A partir de un examen filológico del binomio ‘poeta/poetisa’ en diccionarios y artículos lexicográficos se muestran sus connotaciones ideológicas en el habla castellana, posteriormente se revisa el caso en el México contemporáneo. Para entender la carga negativa que el término tuvo para escritoras como Rosario Castellanos o Margarita Michelena fue preciso remontarnos al siglo XIX, cuando se vinculó el vocablo a rasgos como el diletantismo y la cursilería. Con un breve recuento de notas y artículos literarios publicados la segunda mitad del siglo XX damos cuenta de la transición del empleo de ‘poetisa’ con fines neutros o peyorativos al uso de ‘poeta’ como marca de valor asignada a mujeres que escriben y publican poesía.
Cortical modulation of pupillary function: Systematic review
Authors: Peinkhofer Costanza , Knudsen Gitte Moos , Moretti Rita , Kondziella Daniel 
Published: January 2019

Background. The pupillary light reflex is the main mechanism that regulates the pupillary diameter; it is controlled by the autonomic system and mediated by subcortical pathways. In addition, cognitive and emotional processes influence pupillary function due to input from cortical innervation, but the exact circuits remain poorly understood. We performed a systematic review to evaluate the mechanisms behind pupillary changes associated with cognitive efforts and processing of emotions and to investigate the cerebral areas involved in cortical modulation of the pupillary light reflex.
Methodology. We searched multiple databases until November 2018 for studies on cortical modulation of pupillary function in humans and non-human primates. Of 8808 papers screened, 252 studies were included.
Results. Most investigators focused on pupillary dilatation as an index of cognitive and emotional processing, evaluating how changes in pupillary diameter reflect levels of attention and arousal. Only few tried to correlate specific cerebral areas to pupillary changes, using either cortical activation models (employing micro-stimulation of cortical structures in non-human primates) or cortical lesion models (e.g. investigating patients with stroke and damage to salient cortical and/or subcortical areas). Results suggest involvement of several cortical regions, including the insular cortex, the frontal eye field and the prefrontal cortex, and of subcortical structures such as the locus coeruleus and the superior colliculus.
Conclusions. Pupillary dilatation occurs with many kinds of mental or emotional processes, following sympathetic activation or parasympathetic inhibition. This phenomenon is controlled by several subcortical and cortical structures that are directly or indirectly connected to the brainstem pupillary innervation system.
Blood parasites in Passeriformes in central Germany: prevalence and lineage diversity of Haemosporida (Haemoproteus,PlasmodiumandLeucocytozoon) in six common songbirds
Authors: Schumm Yvonne R. , Wecker Christine , Marek Carina , Wassmuth Mareike , Bentele Anna , Willems Hermann , Reiner Gerald , Quillfeldt Petra 
Published: January 2019

BackgroundAvian Haemosporida are vector-borne parasites that commonly infect Passeriformes. Molecular analyses revealed a high number of different lineages and lineage specific traits like prevalence and host-specificity, but knowledge of parasite prevalence and lineage diversity in wild birds in Central Germany is still lacking.ResultsBlood samples from a total of 238 adult and 122 nestling songbirds belonging to six species were investigated for infections with avian haemosporidian genera and lineages (Haemoproteusspp.,Plasmodiumspp.,Leucocytozoonspp.) andTrypanosoma aviumusing PCR, targeting the parasite mitochondrial cytochrome b gene and 18S ribosomal RNA. In total, the prevalence in adult birds was 31.3% infected withHaemoproteus, 12.5% withPlasmodiumand 71.0% withLeucocytozoon(nestlings excluded). None of the tested birds was infected withTrypanosoma avium. Only in two nestling birds, aged 12–17 days, aLeucocytozoonspp. infection was proven. Among 225 successfully sequenced samples, we found fourHaemoproteus, threePlasmodiumand 19Leucocytozoonlineages, including two newLeucocytozoonlineages. Furthermore, we report two new host-lineage associations.ConclusionsAs first study investigating avian haemosporidian parasites in Central Germany, we provide new information on genetic diversity of Haemosporida infecting Passeriformes. We show that even with a small sample size new lineages as well as previously unknown linkages between certain lineages and host species can be detected. This may help to elucidate the diversity of lineages as well as lineage-host-connections of avian Haemosporida.
Surface‐Mounted Metal–Organic Frameworks: Crystalline and Porous Molecular Assemblies for Fundamental Insights and Advanced Applications
Authors: Heinke Lars , Wöll Christof 
Published: January 2019

AbstractMetal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are crystalline coordination polymers, assembled from inorganic nodes connected by organic linker molecules. An enormous surface area, huge compositional variety, regular structure, and favorable mechanical properties are among their outstanding properties. Monolithic MOF thin films, i.e., surface‐mounted metal–organic frameworks (SURMOFs), with high degree of structural order and adjustable defect density, can be prepared on solid substrates using layer‐by‐layer techniques. Recent studies where SURMOFs served as model systems for quantitative studies of molecular interactions in porous media, including diffusion, are reviewed. Moreover, SURMOFs are ideally suited for the incorporation of photoactive molecules as well as to study electrical transport through crystalline molecular assemblies. Recent work has demonstrated that the realization of crystalline chromophore assemblies via the SURMOF approach allows the study of fundamental aspects of exciton transport, exciton channeling, and photon upconversion at internal interfaces in organic semiconductor materials. Due to their crystalline nature, MOF materials are well suited for quantitative comparisons with theoretical results; especially, since defect densities and types can be characterized and varied in a straightforward fashion. The active role of these nanoporous films in advanced applications, like for remote‐controlled release of molecules, membranes with photoswitchable selectivity, and ion‐conductors with adjustable conductivity, are also emphasized.