bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diagnostic accuracy of inflammatory back pain for axial spondyloarthritis in rheumatological care
Authors: Poddubnyy Denis , Callhoff Johanna , Spiller Inge , Listing Joachim , Braun Juergen , Sieper Joachim , Rudwaleit Martin 
Published: December 2018

Objective﻿Inflammatory back pain (IBP), the key symptom of axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA), including ankylosing spondylitis, has been proposed as a screening test for patients presenting with chronic back pain in primary care. The diagnostic accuracy of IBP in the rheumatology setting is unknown.MethodsSix rheumatology centres, representing secondary and tertiary rheumatology care, included routinely referred patients with consecutive chronic back pain with suspicion of axSpA. IBP (diagnostic test) was assessed in each centre by an independent (blinded) rheumatologist; a second (unblinded) rheumatologist made the diagnosis (axSpA or no-axSpA), which served as reference standard.ResultsOf 461 routinely referred patients, 403 received a final diagnosis. IBP was present in 67.3%, and 44.6% (180/403) were diagnosed as axSpA. The sensitivity of IBP according to various definitions (global judgement, Calin, Berlin, Assessment of SpondyloArthritis international Society criteria for IBP) was 74.4%–81.1 % and comparable to published figures, whereas the specificity was unexpectedly low (25.1%–43.9%). The resulting positive likelihood ratios (LR+) were 1.1–1.4 and without major differences between sets of IBP criteria. The presence of IBP according to various definitions increased the probability of axSpA by 2.5%–8.4% only (from 44.6% to 47.1%–53.0%).ConclusionsThe diagnostic utility of IBP in the rheumatology setting was smaller than expected. However, this was counterbalanced by a high prevalence of IBP among referred patients, demonstrating the effective usage of IBP in primary care as selection parameter for referral to rheumatology. Notably, this study illustrates potential shifts in specificity and LR+ of diagnostic tests if these tests are used to select patients for referral.
Cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase A and EPAC mediate VIP and secretin stimulation of PAK4 and activation of Na+,K+-ATPase in pancreatic acinar cells
Authors: Ramos-Alvarez Irene , Lee Lingaku , Jensen R. T. 
Published: December 2018

Rat pancreatic acinar cells possess only the p21-activated kinase (PAKs), PAK4 of the group II PAK, and it is activated by gastrointestinal hormones/neurotransmitters stimulating PLC and by a number of growth factors. However, little is known generally of cAMP agents causing PAK4 activation, and there are no studies with gastrointestinal hormones/neurotransmitters activating cAMP cascades. In the present study, we examined the ability of VIP and secretin, which stimulate cAMP generation in pancreatic acini, to stimulate PAK4 activation, the signaling cascades involved, and their possible role in activating sodium-potassium adenosine triphosphatase (Na+,K+-ATPase). PAK4 activation was compared with activation of the well-established cAMP target, cyclic AMP response element binding protein (CREB). Secretin-stimulated PAK4 activation was inhibited by KT-5720 and PKA Type II inhibitor (PKI), protein kinase A (PKA) inhibitors, whereas VIP activation was inhibited by ESI-09 and HJC0197, exchange protein directly activated by cAMP (EPAC) inhibitors. In contrast, both VIP/secretin-stimulated phosphorylation of CREB (pCREB) via EPAC activation; however, it was inhibited by the p44/42 inhibitor PD98059 and the p38 inhibitor SB202190. The specific EPAC agonist 8-CPT-2- O-Me-cAMP as well 8-Br-cAMP and forskolin stimulated PAK4 activation. Secretin/VIP activation of Na+,K+-ATPase, was inhibited by PAK4 inhibitors (PF-3758309, LCH-7749944). These results demonstrate PAK4 is activated in pancreatic acini by stimulation of both VIP-/secretin-preferring receptors, as is CREB. However, they differ in their signaling cascades. Furthermore, PAK4 activation is needed for Na+,K+ATPase activation, which mediates pancreatic fluid secretion. These results, coupled with recent studies reporting PAKs are involved in both pancreatitis/pancreatic cancer growth/enzyme secretion, show that PAK4, similar to PAK2, likely plays an important role in both pancreatic physiological/pathological responses.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Pancreatic acini possess only the group II p21-activated kinase, PAK4, which is activated by PLC-stimulating agents/growth factors and is important in enzyme-secretion/growth/pancreatitis. Little information exists on cAMP-activating agents stimulating group II PAKs. We studied ability/effect of cyclic AMP-stimulating agents [vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP), secretin] on PAK4 activity in rat pancreatic-acini. Both VIP/secretin activated PAK4/CREB, but the cAMP signaling cascades differed for EPAC, MAPK, and PKA pathways. Both hormones require PAK4 activation to stimulate sodium-potassium adenosine triphosphatase activity. This study shows PAK4 plays an important role in VIP-/secretin-stimulated pancreatic fluid secretion and suggests it plays important roles in pancreatic acinar physiological/pathophysiological responses mediated by cAMP-activating agents.
Lagrangian Investigation of Wave-Driven Turbulence in the Ocean Surface Boundary Layer
Authors: Kukulka Tobias , Veron Fabrice 
Published: December 2018

AbstractTurbulent processes in the ocean surface boundary layer (OSBL) play a key role in weather and climate systems. This study explores a Lagrangian analysis of wave-driven OSBL turbulence, based on a large-eddy simulation (LES) model coupled to a Lagrangian stochastic model (LSM). Langmuir turbulence (LT) is captured by Craik–Leibovich wave forcing that generates LT through the Craik–Leibovich type 2 (CL2) mechanism. Breaking wave (BW) effects are modeled by a surface turbulent kinetic energy flux that is constrained by wind energy input to surface waves. Unresolved LES subgrid-scale (SGS) motions are simulated with the LSM to be energetically consistent with the SGS model of the LES. With LT, Lagrangian autocorrelations of velocities reveal three distinct turbulent time scales: an integral, a dispersive mixing, and a coherent structure time. Coherent structures due to LT result in relatively narrow peaks of Lagrangian frequency velocity spectra. With and without waves, the high-frequency spectral tail is consistent with expectations for the inertial subrange, but BWs substantially increase spectral levels at high frequencies. Consistently, over short times, particle-pair dispersion results agree with the Richardson–Obukhov law, and near-surface dispersion is significantly enhanced because of BWs. Over longer times, our dispersion results are consistent with Taylor dispersion. In this case, turbulent diffusivities are substantially larger with LT in the crosswind direction, but reduced in the along-wind direction because of enhanced turbulent transport by LT that reduces mean Eulerian shear. Our results indicate that the Lagrangian analysis framework is effective and physically intuitive to characterize OSBL turbulence.
The Effects of Load Stability and Visual Access During Asymmetric Lifting Tasks on Back and Upper Extremity Biomechanical Responses
Authors: Wang Xueke , Lavender Steven A. , Sommerich Carolyn 
Published: December 2018

Objective: To explore the change of muscular and biomechanical responses in different load stability and visual access conditions during an asymmetric lifting task. Background: Previous studies found that lifting unstable loads resulted in changes to the biomechanical loads experienced by the spine and upper extremities. However, researchers have not extensively investigated behaviors when people lift potentially unstable loads. It was hypothesized that lifting a potentially unstable load can lead to changes in lifting behavior, which may be mitigated by visual access to the load. Method: Fourteen volunteers lifted either a stable load or a potentially unstable load that could move within the container during the lifting task. In half of the lifting conditions, the box was covered to restrict visual access when lifting. Spine kinematic and kinetic measures and surface electromyographic (EMG) signals from back, shoulder, and arm muscles were obtained. Results: Lifts of the stable load were faster and generally had higher peak muscle activations than lifts of the potentially unstable load. Participants had less spine flexion when handling the potentially unstable load without visual access. Conclusion: When lifting and moving a potentially unstable load that could lead to a perturbation, people tended to lift the container more slowly comparing with lifting a stable load, which in turn reduced the peak muscle activities. Application: In industry, there are many work situations where workers need to lift or carry unstable loads that can shift during transport. Providing visual access to the load may help mitigate some of these effects.
IPSO in Industrial Advertising
Authors: Kohlman C. W. 
Published: December 2018

Most industrial advertising has been strongly influenced by the “A. I. D. A. theory”—attention, interest, desire, action. But there is more to selling through print than issuing a number of advertisements, no matter how effective each may be in its own right. Customers have many attitudes and buy for many reasons, to which all the advertising of a company contributes. The author presents his “I.P.S.O.” proposal for industrial advertising as probably far more effective than “A. I. D. A.”
What Makes the Liturgy Biblical?—Texts
Authors: Chauvet Louis-Marie 
Published: December 2018

The importance of Holy Scripture in the celebration of the Liturgy is very great. From it come the passages that are read and expounded in the homily, and the psalms that are sung. Inspired and suggested by it, prayers, collects, and liturgical hymns pour forth. From it liturgical actions and signs receive their meaning. 1 1 Second Vatican Council, Sacrosanctum Concilium 24.
Executive Insights: The Russian Aerospace Industry—Survey with Implications for American Firms in the Global Marketplace
Authors: Elenkov Detelin S. 
Published: December 2018

This article highlights the factors that have made the global expansion of Russian aerospace enterprises possible and the importance of “relational networks” as key strategic assets of these companies. Russian aerospace organizations appear to have developed some distinct core competencies, such as state-of-the-art technology, capacity to manufacture high-performance products and systems at relatively low costs, and pragmatic management. These companies also pursue strategies leading to the use of a variety of different types of international strategic partnerships, including joint ventures, joint R&D agreements, co-production agreements, co-marketing alliances, and cross-licensing agreements. The article concludes with a section on the implications for American companies in the global marketplace. It is argued that international networking, technology sharing, co-marketing, cross-licensing, and the other forms of international strategic partnerships represent an important change in the ways that companies do business. These arrangements necessitate a different approach to corporate management and organization. The potential advantages of value-driven superstructures, cross-functional teams, cross-organizational task forces, and improved understanding of foreign cultures have been specified.
Fixed Duration of Venetoclax-Rituximab in Relapsed/Refractory Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Eradicates Minimal Residual Disease and Prolongs Survival: Post-Treatment Follow-Up of the MURANO Phase III Study
Authors: Kater Arnon P. , Seymour John F. , Hillmen Peter , Eichhorst Barbara , Langerak Anton W. , Owen Carolyn , Verdugo Maria , Wu Jenny , Punnoose Elizabeth A. , Jiang Yanwen , Wang Jue , Boyer Michelle , Humphrey Kathryn , Mobasher Mehrdad , Kipps Thomas J. 
Published: December 2018

Purpose The MURANO study demonstrated significant progression-free survival (PFS) benefit for fixed-duration venetoclax-rituximab compared with bendamustine-rituximab in relapsed/refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia. With all patients off treatment, we report minimal residual disease (MRD) kinetics and updated outcomes. Methods Patients were randomly assigned to 2 years of venetoclax plus rituximab during the first six cycles, or six cycles of bendamustine-rituximab. Primary end point was PFS. Safety and peripheral blood (PB) MRD status—at cycle 4, 2 to 3 months after end of combination therapy (EOCT), and every 3 to 6 months thereafter—were secondary end points. Results Of 194 patients, 174 (90%) completed the venetoclax-rituximab phase and 130 (67%) completed 2 years of venetoclax. With a median follow-up of 36 months, PFS and overall survival remain superior to bendamustine-rituximab (hazard ratio, 0.16 [95% CI, 0.12 to 0.23]; and hazard ratio, 0.50 [95% CI, 0.30 to 0.85], respectively). Patients who received venetoclax-rituximab achieved a higher rate of PB undetectable MRD (uMRD; less than 10−4) at EOCT (62% v 13%) with superiority sustained through month 24 (end of therapy). Overall, uMRD status at EOCT predicted longer PFS. Among those with detectable MRD, low-level MRD (10−4 to less than 10−2) predicted improved PFS compared with high-level MRD (10−2 or greater). At a median of 9.9 months (range, 1.4 to 22.5 months) after completing fixed-duration venetoclax-rituximab, overall only 12% (16 of 130) of patients developed disease progression (11 high-level MRD, three low-level MRD). At the end of therapy, 70% and 98% of patients with uMRD remained in uMRD and without disease progression, respectively. Conclusion With all patients having finished treatment, continued benefit was observed for venetoclax-rituximab compared with bendamustine-rituximab. uMRD rates were durable and predicted longer PFS, which establishes the impact of PB MRD on the benefit of fixed-duration, venetoclax-containing treatment. Low conversion to detectable MRD and sustained PFS after completion of 2 years of venetoclax-rituximab demonstrate the feasibility of this regimen.
ESforRPD2: Expert System for Rice Plant Disease Diagnosis
Authors: Agus Fahrul , Ihsan Muh. , Marisa Khairina Dyna , Candra Krishna Purnawan 
Published: December 2018

One of the factors causing rice production disturbance in Indonesia is the lack of knowledge of farmers on early symptoms of rice plant diseases. These diseases are increasingly rampant because of the lack of experts. This study aimed to overcome this problem by providing an Expert System that helps farmers to make early diagnosis of rice plant diseases. Data of rice plant pests and diseases in 2016 were taken from Samarinda, East Kalimantan, Indonesia using an in-depth survey, and rice experts from the Department of Food Crops and Horticulture of East Kalimantan Province were recruited for the project. The Expert System for Rice Plant Disease Diagnosis, ESforRPD2, was developed based on the pest and disease experiences of the rice experts, and uses a Waterfall Paradigm and Unified Modelling Language. This Expert System can detect 48 symptoms and 8 types of diseases of rice plants from 16 data tests with an accuracy of 87.5%. ESforRPD2 is available in Indonesian at: http://esforrpd2.blog.unmul.ac.id
Inovações nas técnicas pedagógicas para a formação de empreendedores
Authors: Hashimoto Marcos , Cardoso Aline Michelle , Krakauer Patriia Viveiros de Castro 
Published: December 2018

O estudo tem a proposta de analisar os métodos de ensino e aprendizagem aplicados pela escola híbrida direcionada à formação do empreendedor. Aspectos estudados em profundidade: formatação do curso, competências desenvolvidas, resultados esperados, experiências e perfil dos facilitadores e aprendizado dos participantes. A pesquisa é um estudo de caso de natureza exploratória e abordagem qualitativa. Utilizou-se os métodos de observação participante, entrevistas, análises de documentos, questionários e discussões em grupo. Os resultados trouxeram novos métodos de ensino e aprendizagem direcionados à formação do empreendedor, diferentes aos aplicados nos programas de empreendedorismo nas IES. Foram utilizados teóricos com abordagem sobre o ensino, aprendizagem e aprendizagem do empreendedor. O intuito foi sugerir que educação empreendedora nas IES possa usar a abordagem do design thinking e dos desafios, trabalhando constantemente a interação com o meio, o significado e a experimentação.
Whooping cough and travel: advising patients on guidelines
Authors: Gawthrop Mary 
Published: December 2018

With the recent re-emergence of whooping cough, practice nurses may encounter travellers seeking advice on this vaccine more frequently. Mary Gawthrop provides a brief update on UK vaccination provisions and Public Health England recommendations The re-emergence of whooping cough (also known as pertussis) worldwide may be a concern for travellers, particularly those visiting newborn babies in countries reporting an increase in cases. Newborns can become significantly unwell if they catch pertussis, therefore it is recommended that infants are vaccinated against the infection as a routine childhood vaccination. In particular, children aged under 6 months old have a higher risk of severe complications: they may experience breathing difficulties and can even stop breathing for short periods. The following article provides a brief update that summarises routine UK vaccine provisions and recommendations for adults and children over 10 years old requesting information about the pertussis vaccine prior to international travel.
Workplace Survey of Cold Protective Glove Aging
Authors: Irzmańska Emilia , Kropidłowska Paulina 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
This study presents the results of an end-of-service life survey involving workers operating in cold environments. The objective of this study was to determine whether the gloves worn in such workplaces were replaced when they exhibited clear signs of mechanical deterioration (rupture, tear, puncture, and perforation) or when they were soaked (externally) or moist (internally). The study sets out to establish whether the appearance of visible signs of damage prompted immediate glove replacement with a view to occupational safety. The calculated Cramér’s V values revealed weak associations between the cause of glove replacement and the frequency of glove change (V=0.201) as well as the mean duration of glove use (V=0.234). Furthermore, it was found that visible signs of mechanical deterioration did not prompt glove replacement. Indeed, workers continued to wear damaged or wet gloves for as many as 5 days or more.
Offset compensated baseline restoration and computationally efficient hybrid interpolation for the brain PET
Authors: Qaisar Saeed Mian 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
The acquisition of positron emission tomography (PET) pulses introduces artifacts and limits the performance of the scanner. To minimize these inadequacies, this work focuses on the design of an offset compensated digital baseline restorer (BLR) along with a two-stage hybrid interpolator. They respectively treat the incoming pulse offsets and limited temporal resolution and improve the scanner performance in terms of calculating depth of interactions and line of responses. The offset of incoming PET pulses is compensated by the BLR and then their interesting parts are selected. The selected signal portion is up-sampled with a hybrid interpolator. It is composed of an optimized weighted least-squares interpolator (WLSI) and a simplified linear interpolator. The processes of calibrating the WLSI coefficients and characterizing the BLR and the interpolator modules are described. The functionality of the proposed modules is verified with an experimental setup. Results have shown that the devised BLR effectively compensates a dynamic range of bipolar offsets. The signal selection process allows focusing only on the relevant signal part and avoids the unnecessary operations during the post-interpolation process. Additionally, the hybrid nature allows improving the signal temporal resolution with an appropriate precession at a reduced computational complexity compared to the mono-interpolation-based arithmetically complex counterparts. The component-level architectures of the BLR and the interpolator modules are also described. It promises an efficient integration of these modules in modern PET scanners while using standard and economical analog-to-digital converters and field-programmable gate arrays. It avoids the development of high-performance and expensive application-specific integrated circuits and results in a cost-effective realization.
Development of Fast Solving Monolith Reactor Simulators: Computational Fluid Dynamics Studies of Methane Oxidation
Authors: Khama Mopeli , Rawatlal Randhir , Jones Glenn 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
The optimisation of complex geometries such as that of monolith reactors can be supported by computation and simulation. However, complex boundaries such as those found in multi-channel monoliths where mass and heat transfer of characteristic of the reaction diffusion equation render such simulations of extremely high computational expense. In the first step toward developing a fast-solving hybrid simulation, a detailed CFD simulation was used to obtain the unsteady state, spatial temperature and concentration (and hence reaction rate) profiles for a range of input conditions. The results of the CFD simulation were then accepted as the benchmark to which faster-solving models were measured against to be considered as viable descriptions. The model evaluated here is a modified plug flow with effectiveness factor correction for wall mass-transfer. A close agreement between both temperature and species mole fraction profiles predicted from the modified plug flow model and a detailed CFD model was found with R2 values of 0.994 for temperature. The time needed to find a converged solution for plug flow model on an Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-5300U CPU @ 2.30 GHz workstation was found to be 53 seconds in comparison to 1.3 hours taken by a CFD model.
Estimating Causal Effects of New Treatments Despite Self-Selection: The Case of Experimental Medical Treatments
Authors: Hazlett Chad 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Providing terminally ill patients with access to experimental treatments, as allowed by recent “right to try” laws and “expanded access” programs, poses a variety of ethical questions. While practitioners and investigators may assume it is impossible to learn the effects of these treatment without randomized trials, this paper describes a simple tool to estimate the effects of these experimental treatments on those who take them, despite the problem of selection into treatment, and without assumptions about the selection process. The key assumption is that the average outcome, such as survival, would remain stable over time in the absence of the new treatment. Such an assumption is unprovable, but can often be credibly judged by reference to historical data and by experts familiar with the disease and its treatment. Further, where this assumption may be violated, the result can be adjusted to account for a hypothesized change in the non-treatment outcome, or to conduct a sensitivity analysis. The method is simple to understand and implement, requiring just four numbers to form a point estimate. Such an approach can be used not only to learn which experimental treatments are promising, but also to warn us when treatments are actually harmful – especially when they might otherwise appear to be beneficial, as illustrated by example here. While this note focuses on experimental medical treatments as a motivating case, more generally this approach can be employed where a new treatment becomes available or has a large increase in uptake, where selection bias is a concern, and where an assumption on the change in average non-treatment outcome over time can credibly be imposed.