bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Knowledge and attitude of essential newborn care among postnatal mothers in Bangladesh
Authors: Majumder Sharmin , Najnin Zannatul , Ahmed Shamim , Bhuiyan Shafi Ullah 
Published: November 2018

Purpose
Neonatal mortality rate is 24 deaths per 1,000 live births in Bangladesh and most of them die during early neonatal period. The purpose of this paper is to assess the knowledge and attitude of neonatal care practices among postnatal mothers in a tertiary care hospital in order to provide a basis for the development of strategies to improve further.

Design/methodology/approach
A cross-sectional study was carried out in the Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Bangladesh using a convenient sampling technique. In total 211 postnatal mothers were interviewed using a structured questionnaire and χ2 test was used to analyze the data.

Findings
Among mothers, 37.9 percent were aged between 16–20 years; 16.1 percent had no institutional education; 55 percent were primipara and only 26.5 percent had attended antenatal visit for more than four times. Mothers had apparently good knowledge and attitude about thermoregulation, early initiation of breast-feeding, importance of providing colostrum to the newborn, exclusive breast-feeding (EBF) up to six months of age and immunization at birth. However, this study identified knowledge gap about cord care, eye care, first bathing and hygiene practices. Overall, only a small proportion of respondents had good level of knowledge (37 percent) and attitude (47.4 percent) on newborn care. Highly significant statistical association was found between the knowledge, attitude level and socio-demographic characteristics of respondents. Knowledge and attitude were strongly associated as well.

Research limitations/implications
There is scope for improvement by providing health education to antenatal and postnatal mothers. Therefore, implementation of the guidelines outlined in the Maternal and Child Handbook (MCH) is highly recommended.

Originality/value
There is scope for improvement by providing health education to antenatal and postnatal mothers. Therefore, implementation of the guidelines outlined in the MCH is highly recommended to enhance the knowledge and attitude on newborn care among postnatal mothers.
How cities can attract highly skilled workers as residents: the impact of city brand benefits
Authors: Schade Michael , Piehler Rico , Müller Andreas , Burmann Christoph 
Published: November 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of city brand benefits (cost efficiency, job chances, social life, recreation and self–brand connection) on highly skilled, potential residents’ attitudes toward the city brand.

Design/methodology/approach
A literature analysis and qualitative study inform a conceptual model, which is tested with structural equation modelling using 354 evaluations of the six largest German cities by 294 highly skilled, potential residents, in terms of their perceptions of city brand benefits and attitudes.

Findings
Social life and self–brand connection positively affect the city brand attitudes of highly skilled, potential residents. In contrast, cost efficiency, job chances and recreation do not affect these attitudes.

Research limitations/implications
The relevance of city brand benefits might be specific to a country or culture, so further research should test the conceptual model in other settings, including smaller cities. Further studies might compare the relevance of the effects for actual and potential residents.

Practical implications
Social life emerged as the most important city brand benefit, so cities must ensure they offer and communicate a rich social life. Cities also should identify and communicate congruent characteristics between the city and the self-concepts of relevant target groups.

Originality/value
This study identifies relevant and irrelevant city brand benefits for highly skilled, potential residents. In addition, it establishes self–brand connection as symbolic benefit that previous research into potential residents has not considered.
Student learning in the workplace
Authors: Simper Natalie , Gauthier Launa , Scott Jill 
Published: November 2018

Purpose
This paper aims to outline a proof of concept for a framework to support students in reflecting on and in articulating their disciplinary, contextual and professional learning in the workplace. The purpose of the framework was to help students to recognize and articulate their transferable employability skills in preparation for the workplace or further studies upon graduation.

Design/methodology/approach
Researchers developed a Learning Evaluation and Reflection Narrative (LEARN) activity to facilitate real-world articulation of workplace learning. A group of work placement students completed pre- and post-work surveys, prompting reflection on their learning goals and behaviors. The Transferable Learning Orientation Survey comprised five constructs: goal orientation, learning belief, self-efficacy, transfer (deep learning) and organization. Subsequently, they completed a written reflection and a mock interview scenario, where they verbally articulated their abilities and the applicability of their skills. Results of thematic analysis are presented.

Findings
Survey results demonstrated changes in students’ orientation toward learning. Additionally, students were able to deliver sophisticated responses through engagement in the LEARN framework, articulating recognition and self-awareness of their personal and professional learning, as well as relevance of their learning within and beyond their workplace setting.

Research limitations/implications
The sample is small, and the authors therefore recommend further work to evaluate the effectiveness and practicality of the LEARN framework in larger cohorts and in alternate work environments.

Social implications
The responses suggest the LEARN framework are worthy of further investigation as a tool for students to articulate lifelong learning skills and behaviors, as it offers an opportunity for students to engage in reflective, deep learning.

Originality/value
This research builds on existing studies on the evaluation of lifelong learning, adapting a framework and testing its implementation in the workplace setting.
Pollution optimisation study of logistics in SMEs
Authors: Jaiswal Anand , Samuel Cherian , Ganesh G. Abhishek 
Published: November 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to provide a solution for greening the supply chain of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) by minimising the vehicular pollutant emission in the logistics network.

Design/methodology/approach
The paper proposes an optimisation model to reduce the pollution emission in the logistics of supply chain network in SMEs. The work considers vehicle routing and selection of suppliers, manufacturers and assemblers according to the availability of various Bharat Stage Emission Standards type vehicles. Introsort sorting based selection algorithm is used to solve the problem. The proposed solution is implemented using C++ on an experimental data set for analysing the model.

Findings
The outcome of the study is a pollution optimisation model for logistics of SMEs. The finding shows an approach to reduce total vehicular pollution emission in the logistics network in meeting the demand. The model is tested over an experimental study, and the result findings show which supply chain entities, type of environmental standard vehicles and vehicle routes are selected for the specific demand.

Research limitations/implications
The proposed model is confined to pollution optimisation with limited parameters only and does not consider cost and other factors that can be included in future work.

Practical implications
The work can be used for limiting pollution in logistics system as the corporate social responsibility of enterprises.

Originality/value
Proposed work presents a sustainable and green solution for pollution control in logistics activities of the SMEs.
Improving administrative decisions through expert systems: empirical analysis
Authors: Fahim Marwa Gaber Ahmed 
Published: November 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to introduce and identify the basic components, tasks and application areas of expert systems (ESs) as a decision support system that has been increasingly used in the business world lately and explore its potential for improving the effectiveness of administrative decisions in the public sector. Empirically, the paper explains the role of ESs in fostering decision-making processes at the Ministry of Investment and International Cooperation (MIIC) in Egypt.

Design/methodology/approach
The design of this research is descriptive in the theoretical section and quantitative in the empirical one. Theoretically, the study adopted both the analytical approach and systems approach to demonstrate main concepts and relationships, while it conducted an empirical study to investigate the correlations in practice.

Findings
The research concluded that the usage of ESs is deemed to be on the top of the technical solutions that might help public organizations develop their management quality and maintain competitive strength. In addition, the results proved that ESs contribute to administrative decisions at MIIC.

Practical implications
The paper provides profitable findings and recommendations which can be applied by Egyptian public executives, in an attempt to ensure high quality and successful decisions using modern technology.

Originality/value
This study has valuable implications for theory and practice together, as it offers numerous contributions to literature in the area of concern.
Local social value creation by neighborhood-based entrepreneurs
Authors: de Beer Marianne 
Published: November 2018

PurposeThis paper aims to explore local social value creation by entrepreneurs located in residential neighborhoods, what drives their behavior and the influence of their local social networks therein, both as a direct effect and through fostering local embeddedness.Design/methodology/approachIn-depth interviews are conducted with 18 neighborhood-based entrepreneurs in the Netherlands to explore whether these entrepreneurs are active in local social value creation and the different drivers of their behavior in that regard (personality, organizational, contextual and issue characteristics) in relation to their local social networks. The research neighborhoods are selected based on social cohesion and collective efficacy scores.FindingsMost interviewees are active in social value creation. Personality characteristics are the main drivers of local social value creation. Local social networks have a direct, indirect and moderating effect, but are not prerequisites for local social value creation to occur. Local embeddedness through emotional attachment to the neighborhood also drives local social value creation.Research limitations/implicationsThe findings suggest that neighborhood-based entrepreneurship is a source of local social value, indicating the need for additional and large-scale quantitative research on this type of entrepreneurial activity.Social implicationsThe findings of this study can motivate policymakers to promote entrepreneurship in neighborhoods as a means of stimulating bottom-up local social value creation.Originality/valueThis study contributes to the debate on the social value of entrepreneurship and considers the understudied group of neighborhood-based entrepreneurs. Furthermore, the paper offers a conceptual contribution by focusing on the local social networks as a driver of local social value creation.
The factors affecting the re-employment satisfaction of middle-aged and older workers in South Korea: based on the mediation effect of family and employment types
Authors: Kim Sanghee 
Published: November 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to determine employment satisfaction of middle-aged and older workers who obtain a job after their initial retirement, and describe factors affecting employment satisfaction among workers focusing on family and employment types, and their mediating effects.

Design/methodology/approach
This study performed a secondary data analysis on data from the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging (fifth wave of KLoSA) of the Korea Employment Information Service. The author used data from 1,307 middle-aged and older workers who obtained a new job after leaving the previous workplace from the 2014 KLoSA, and determined their employment satisfaction, family type and employment type.

Findings
In this study, high scores were indicated in turnover intentions of the participants, and job stability presented was lowest in the subcategories of employment satisfaction. Employment type showed a significant mediation effect between dwelling type and re-employment satisfaction (p<0.05).

Social implications
Middle-aged workers are a key human resource for economic growth in South Korea, which is faced with a “super aging” population. Recently, international society has encountered the same problems of low-birth rate and aging in their economically viable/or engaged. Our society and its members should realize the changes in population structure facing the world today and find effective strategies to stabilize employment among middle-aged workers. This study provides evidence for one of the differing perspectives on understanding employment turnover in middle-aged workers.

Originality/value
The South Korean Government could use this study’s findings in formulating a strategy concerning family types that improves re-employment satisfaction among middle-aged and older workers. Also, the path of mediation effects, such as choice of employment type, will need to apply to a strategy of work stability for middle-aged and older workers.
Gene cluster conservation identifies melanin and perylenequinone biosynthesis pathways in multiple plant pathogenic fungi
Authors: Ebert Malaika K. , Spanner Rebecca E. , de Jonge Ronnie , Smith David J. , Holthusen Jason , Secor Gary A. , Thomma Bart P. H. J. , Bolton Melvin D. 
Published: November 2018

SummaryPerylenequinones are a family of structurally related polyketide fungal toxins with nearly universal toxicity. These photosensitizing compounds absorb light energy which enables them to generate reactive oxygen species that damage host cells. This potent mechanism serves as an effective weapon for plant pathogens in disease or niche establishment. The sugar beet pathogen Cercospora beticola secretes the perylenequinone cercosporin during infection. We have shown recently that the cercosporin toxin biosynthesis (CTB) gene cluster is present in several other phytopathogenic fungi, prompting the search for biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) of structurally similar perylenequinones in other fungi. Here, we report the identification of the elsinochrome and phleichrome BGCs of Elsinoë fawcettii and Cladosporium phlei, respectively, based on gene cluster conservation with the CTB and hypocrellin BGCs. Furthermore, we show that previously reported BGCs for elsinochrome and phleichrome are involved in melanin production. Phylogenetic analysis of the corresponding melanin polyketide synthases (PKSs) and alignment of melanin BGCs revealed high conservation between the established and newly identified C. beticola, E. fawcettii and C. phlei melanin BGCs. Mutagenesis of the identified perylenequinone and melanin PKSs in C. beticola and E. fawcettii coupled with mass spectrometric metabolite analyses confirmed their roles in toxin and melanin production.
Lifetime Alcohol Use Patterns and Risk of Diabetes Onset in the National Alcohol Survey
Authors: Kerr William C. , Ye Yu , Williams Edwina , Lui Camillia K. , Greenfield Thomas K. , Lown E. Anne 
Published: November 2018

BackgroundStudies of the role of alcohol use in diabetes risk have rarely included lifetime alcohol use measures, including the frequency of heavy occasions, or evaluated risks among Black or Hispanic respondents in US samples.MethodsData from the 2014 to 2015 National Alcohol Survey of the U.S. population were used to estimate diabetes risk from drinking patterns at the time of onset in Cox proportional hazards models in a retrospective cohort design. Models for the population, males and females, and for White, Black, and Hispanic respondents of both genders were estimated using 2 versions of drinking pattern groupings at each age.ResultsWhile a number of significant results were found with the first version of the drinking measures, we focus on those confirmed with measures from responses strictly prior to the age of risk estimation. Compared to the lifetime abstainer group, the “drinking at least weekly with less than monthly 5+” group had a significantly lower hazard ratio (HR) for the total sample (HR = 0.64) and among Whites (HR = 0.42). Significantly reduced risks were found in the same models for those who drank 5+ at least monthly but not weekly. No significantly elevated risks were found for either current or prior heavy occasion drinking.ConclusionsThese results are consistent with some prior studies in finding reduced risks for regular light‐to‐moderate drinkers, but not consistent with findings from other studies showing increased risk from heavy occasion drinking, particularly among women. New and larger studies with well‐defined drinking pattern measures are needed, particularly for U.S. Blacks and Hispanics, to address varying results in this literature.
Prolonged central apnoea after intravenous morphine administration in a 12‐year‐old male with a UGT1A1 loss‐of‐function polymorphism
Authors: Toce Michael S. , Kim Hyun , Chung Sarita , Krauss Baruch S. 
Published: November 2018

Adverse eventRepeated and prolonged episodes of central apnoea and hypoxia after receiving intravenous morphine for analgesia and ketamine for sedation.Drug implicatedIntravenous morphine sulfate.The patientPreviously healthy 12‐year‐old male with no history of sleep apnoea who presented with distal tibia and fibula fracture.Evidence that links drug to eventPharmacogenomic testing revealed that the patient was homozygous for the T allele at the rs887829 SNP in UGT1A1, an enzyme involved in the metabolism of morphine. This polymorphism is a loss‐of‐function variant, leading to impaired metabolism of morphine.MechanismMorphine is metabolized by UDP‐glucuronosyltransferase (UGT)‐2B7 and UGT1A1 to form its major metabolites morphine‐3‐glucuronide (M3G) and morphine‐6‐glucuronide (M6G). Our patient was a poor metabolizer through UGT1A1, likely leading to increased respiratory depression as morphine has greater respiratory depressant effects compared to its metabolites.ImplicationsWhen appropriate, physicians should enquire about prior receipt of opioids, in both the patient and family, to be better prepared for potential adverse reactions. In the patient with excessive sedation or respiratory depression to standard doses of morphine, genetic testing may be warranted, especially if there is a family or past history that supports a metabolic defect in morphine metabolism and/or excretion.
Reduced cerebrovascular reactivity among adolescents with bipolar disorder
Authors: Urback Adam L , Metcalfe Arron WS , Korczak Daphne J , MacIntosh Bradley J , Goldstein Benjamin I 
Published: November 2018

ObjectivesCardiovascular disease (CVD) is excessive and premature among individuals with bipolar disorder (BD). Cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR), reflecting vasodilatory capacity of cerebral blood vessels in response to vasoactive substances, is a marker of cerebrovascular health. Despite informative findings in other diseases, CVR has not previously been examined in BD.MethodsTwenty‐five adolescents with BD and 25 age and sex‐matched psychiatrically healthy controls (HCs) completed six 15‐second breath‐holds (BHs) during functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) at 3‐Tesla. CVR was determined by comparing blood‐oxygenation‐level dependent (BOLD) signal changes. Voxel‐wise contrasts were analyzed. Body mass index (BMI) was examined as a potential confound.ResultsCVR in the posterior cingulate gyrus and periventricular white matter was lower in BD vs HC. After controlling for differences in BMI, additional between‐group CVR differences were observed in the temporal poles, supramarginal gyrus, and lingual gyrus. There were no regions in which CVR was significantly greater in BD vs HC. CVR was not associated with mood symptoms.ConclusionsThis preliminary study provides evidence of cerebrovascular dysfunction in BD, including regions known to be susceptible to cerebrovascular dysfunction and/or disease. These findings warrant additional research on the causes and consequences of cerebrovascular dysfunction in early‐onset BD.
Testing models of post‐traumatic intrusions, trauma‐related beliefs, hallucinations, and delusions in a first episode psychosis sample
Authors: Peach Natalie , Alvarez‐Jimenez Mario , Cropper Simon J. , Sun Pamela , Bendall Sarah 
Published: November 2018

ObjectiveThere is increasing evidence that childhood trauma may play a role in the aetiology of psychosis. Cognitive models implicate trauma‐related symptoms, specifically post‐traumatic intrusions and trauma‐related beliefs as primary mechanisms, but these models have not been extensively tested. This study investigated relationships between childhood trauma, psychotic symptoms (hallucinations and delusions), post‐traumatic intrusions, and trauma‐related beliefs while accounting for comorbid symptoms.MethodsSixty‐six people with first episode psychosis aged between 15 and 24 years were assessed for hallucinations, delusions, childhood trauma, post‐traumatic intrusions, post‐traumatic avoidance, and trauma‐related beliefs.ResultsFifty‐three per cent of the sample had experienced childhood trauma, and 27% met diagnostic criteria for post‐traumatic stress disorder. Both post‐traumatic intrusions and trauma‐related beliefs mediated the relationships between childhood trauma and hallucinations, and childhood trauma and delusions. Multiple regression analyses revealed that post‐traumatic intrusions (but not childhood trauma, post‐traumatic avoidance, or trauma‐related beliefs) were independently associated with hallucination severity (β = .53, p = .01). Post‐traumatic intrusions and trauma‐related beliefs (but not childhood trauma or post‐traumatic avoidance) were independently associated with delusion severity (β = .67, p < .01 and β = .34, p < .01, respectively).ConclusionsThese findings support cognitive models that implicate post‐traumatic intrusions in hallucination aetiology, and post‐traumatic intrusions and trauma‐related beliefs in delusion aetiology. The results suggest that trauma and post‐traumatic stress disorder, including trauma‐related beliefs, should be addressed in the assessment and treatment of people with early psychosis.Practitioner points

Trauma and post‐traumatic stress disorder, including trauma‐related beliefs, should be addressed in the assessment and treatment of people with early psychosis.

Routine assessment of childhood trauma and PTSD in clinical services dealing with young people with first episode psychosis is needed.

These findings support cognitive models of trauma and hallucinations and delusions.
Formal ways for measuring relations between concepts in conceptual spaces†
Authors: Bechberger Lucas , Kühnberger Kai‐Uwe 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe highly influential framework of conceptual spaces provides a geometric way of representing knowledge. Instances are represented by points in a high‐dimensional space and concepts are represented by regions in this space. In this article, we extend our recent mathematical formalization of this framework by providing quantitative mathematical definitions for measuring relations between concepts. We develop formal ways for computing concept size, subsethood, implication, similarity, and betweenness. This considerably increases the representational capabilities of our formalization.