bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Age‐dependent effect of targeted temperature management on outcome after cardiac arrest
Authors: Wallmüller Christian , Spiel Alexander , Sterz Fritz , Schober Andreas , Hubner Pia , Stratil Peter , Testori Christoph 
Published: September 2018

AbstractBackgroundIn elder patients after out‐of‐hospital cardiac arrest, diminished neurologic function as well as reduced neuronal plasticity may cause a low response to targeted temperature management (TTM). Therefore, we investigated the association between TTM (32‐34°C) and neurologic outcome in cardiac arrest survivors with respect to age.Material and MethodsThis retrospective cohort study included patients 18 years of age or older suffering a witnessed out‐of‐hospital cardiac arrest with presumed cardiac cause, which remained comatose after return of spontaneous circulation. Patients were a priori split by age into four groups (<50 years (n = 496); 50‐64 years (n = 714); 65‐74 years (n = 395); >75 years (n = 280)). Subsequently, within these groups, patients receiving TTM were compared to those not treated with TTM.ResultsOut of 1885 patients, 921 received TTM for 24 hours. TTM was significantly associated with good neurologic outcome in patients <65 years of age whereas showing no effect in elders (65‐74 years: OR: 1.49 (95% CI: 0.90‐2.47); > 75 years: OR 1.44 (95% CI 0.79‐2.34)).ConclusionIn our cohort, it seems that TTM might not be able to achieve the same benefit for neurologic outcome in all age groups. Although the results of this study should be interpreted with caution, TTM was associated with improved neurologic outcome only in younger individuals, patients with 65 years of age or older did not benefit from this treatment.
Do bank activities and funding strategies of foreign and state‐owned banks have a differential effect on risk‐taking in Central and Eastern Europe?
Authors: Lapteacru Ion 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThis paper explores the differential effects of the activity and funding strategies of foreign and state‐owned banks in Central and Eastern European countries on risk‐taking. Due to potentially beneficial external support, the disciplinary role of non‐deposit funding is completely ineffective for both foreign and state‐owned banks. Most likely, because of survival beliefs, non‐deposit financiers deposit their money even when state‐owned banks become riskier. Involvement in non‐interest‐income activities has no impact on the risk‐taking of foreign banks and worsens the risk of state‐owned institutions. However, both types of banks are risky when involved in trading, insurance income, rental and other non‐banking businesses.
The difficulty of reality and a revolt against mourning
Authors: Lear Jonathan 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThis paper considers Cora Diamond's conception of the difficulty of reality. It asks how one might think of this experience of difficulty in relation to Aristotle's conception of happiness (and unhappiness). It then takes up the phenomena of mourning and our conceptions of how to live more or less well with death and loss. It investigates whether a “revolt against mourning” might be understood in terms of the difficulty of reality.
Efficacy of pelvic floor training with surface electromyography feedback for female stress urinary incontinence
Authors: Liu Ying‐Ju , Wu Wen‐Yih , Hsiao Sheng‐Mou , Ting Stella Wan‐Hua , Hsu Hsiao‐Pei , Huang Chiu‐Mieh 
Published: September 2018

AbstractAimsThe aim of the study is to compare the efficacy of an 8‐week pelvic floor muscle training program with surface electromyography feedback, performed in different body positions (supine, sitting, and standing), in women with stress urinary incontinence.DesignThis is a prospective observational study performed January 2014 to May 2016.MethodsThe training program was performed by 110 women with stress urinary incontinence, each completing 4 individual training sessions. The main outcome was the electromyography activity of the pelvic floor muscles and of the synergistic abdominal muscles. Outcome measures were evaluated at 4 time points, namely at baseline and at 2, 4, and 8 weeks of training.ResultsA notable effect of training was identified at week 2, which was sustained through to week 8. Training yielded a significant improvement in increased sustained voluntary contraction of the pelvic floor muscles in all 3 positions. The efficacy of training was influenced by the duration of training, age, body mass index, and history of vaginal delivery.ConclusionTraining of the pelvic floor muscles, with positive reinforcement by surface electromyography feedback of the pelvic floor muscles and of the synergistic abdominal muscles, was effective for the treatment of stress urinary incontinence in women and should be considered as a feasible option by healthcare providers.
Firearm Violence: A Global Priority for Nursing Science
Authors: Richmond Therese S. , Foman Matthew 
Published: September 2018

AbstractPurposeThis purpose of this article is to frame firearm violence as a health and public health problem, to illustrate the magnitude of the problem, to examine factors that increase the risk to be injured by a firearm, or conversely, that confer protection, and to identify relevant priority areas for nursing science.Organizing ConstructFirearm violence results in physical and psychological injuries and is a global health priority. Firearm violence is categorized as intentional (interpersonal and self‐inflicted) and unintentional (interpersonal and self‐inflicted) and accounts for an estimated 196,000 to 220,000 nonconflict deaths annually.MethodsWe reviewed the theoretical and scientific literature to analyze the magnitude and geographic distribution of firearm violence, the factors associated with firearm injury, the consequences of firearm violence, and areas where nursing science can make an impact on prevention, outcomes, and recovery.FindingsFirearm violence is a significant public health problem that affects the health of individuals, families, and communities. The burdens and contributors to firearm violence vary worldwide, making it important to understand the local context of this global phenomenon. Relevant areas of inquiry span primary prevention focusing on individual and environmental risk factors; and focus on managing the physical and psychological consequences postinjury; and mitigating long‐term consequences of firearm violence.ConclusionsReducing the global burden of firearm violence and improving the health and safety of individuals, families, and communities provide compelling reasons to integrate this area into nursing science.Clinical RelevanceThe goals of nursing are to keep people healthy and safe and to help return those injured to their optimal levels of health and well‐being. Understanding the factors that come together to injure people with a firearm in various physical, social, economic, and cultural environments positions nurses to both extend the dialogue beyond pro‐gun versus anti‐gun and to design and carry out rigorous studies to reduce firearm violence.
Analyses of genome‐scale variation reveal divergence of two Sinalliaria species (Brassicaceae) with continuous but limited gene flow
Authors: Wang Tian‐Jing , Ru Da‐Fu , Zhang Dan , Hu Quan‐Jun 
Published: September 2018

AbstractNumerous biogeographic studies have suggested that geographic isolations triggered by Quaternary climatic changes could have contributed greatly to the high species diversity of eastern Asia. However, little is known about how speciation proceeded during the evolutionary divergence of sister species in this region. In this study, we examined genomic divergence and investigated the speciation process of the two species in the genus Sinalliaria endemic to eastern China, S. limprichtiana (Pax) X. F. Jin, Y. Y. Zhou & H. W. Zhang and S. grandifolia (Z. X. An) Huan Hu, com. nov. (Basionym: Alliaria grandifolia Z. X. An (Acta Phytotax. Sin. 23: 396, 1985)). We sequenced the transcriptomes of seven and eight S. limprichtiana and S. grandifolia individuals, respectively. Analysis of transcriptome single nucleotide polymorphism data indicated that both species were well‐delineated with strong genetic differentiation (mean FST = 0.31). A total of 4000 genes showed differential expression between the two species. Based on these genome‐scale nucleotide variations, we used the allele frequency spectrum for modeling analysis with fastsimcoal to gain insights into the speciation process. Our results suggested divergence with continuous gene flow between the two species. These findings will add to our knowledge on the origin of species diversity in eastern Asia.
A fine balance: A review of shared housing among young adults
Authors: Clark Vicky , Tuffin Keith , Bowker Natilene , Frewin Karen 
Published: September 2018

AbstractYoung adults in the Western world have adapted to financial constraint by sharing accommodation and combining resources. Far from traditional stigma associated with these households the social benefits are considered on a par with economic pragmatism. Until recently the literature on young peer group‐living was sparse. Due to a rise in research interest, the area is experiencing a period of invigoration, particularly with regard to how interpersonal relationships work in the close confines of domestic intimacy. The paper provides an overview of what is currently known about the social psychology of young adult house sharing. The concept of sharing is introduced, followed by possible reasons for the lack of research. Next, the extant research is reviewed and this includes construction of preferred and desirable flatmates; avoiding complications; social psychological advantages; conflict; and how the social dynamics of peer group households are perceived. A fine balance between acceptable and objectionable behaviour is necessary across a number of spheres. Further studies are needed to contribute to better understanding of young adults who share and document the delicate dynamics associated with these unique domestic arrangements. Peer group living needs to be clearly represented if government policies are to offer youth housing not predicated on the normative assumptions of household composition.
Lead us not into temptation: The seven deadly sins as a taxonomy of temptations
Authors: Burkley Edward , Burkley Melissa , Curtis Jessica , Hatvany Thomas 
Published: September 2018

AbstractPeople constantly experience a tug‐of‐war between their self‐control on one end and their temptations on the other. Although a great deal of research has examined such self‐control dilemmas, much of it has focused on the “push” of self‐control rather than the “pull” of temptations. To facilitate future work on this latter construct, we sought to create a taxonomy of temptations. Using a top‐down approach, we relied on the philosophical and historical concept of the seven deadly sins—gluttony, greed, lust, sloth, envy, pride, and wrath—to identify and define the most commonly experienced temptations. In support of this taxonomy, we review evidence for the role that self‐control plays in resisting each of these seven temptation domains, including work on trait self‐control and momentary exertions of self‐control. Where applicable, we identify areas where research is lacking and make suggestions for future work. Lastly, we discuss how this taxonomy offers researchers both theoretical and practical benefits.
The Effect of Organized Versus Supervised Recess on Elementary School Children’s Participation, Physical Activity, Play, and Social Behavior: A Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Coolkens Rosalie , Ward Phillip , Seghers Jan , Iserbyt Peter 
Published: September 2018

Background: Recess strategies that increase children’s physical activity and contribute to the daily 60 minutes of moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) are recommended. Methods: A cluster randomized trial was conducted to examine the effect of supervised versus organized recess on children’s participation, physical activity, play, and social behavior. In supervised recess, children were free to play, and physical education (PE) teachers ensured safety. In organized recess, PE teachers provided challenging tasks. Data were collected using systematic observation. Children (N = 281; 8–10 y) from 14 schools received a 6-day parkour unit in PE and three opportunities to participate in a 20-minute parkour recess. Schools were randomized over a supervised and organized parkour recess condition. Results: The majority of children participated in parkour recess (range = 56%–85%), with more boys participating in all 3 organized versus supervised recess sessions (57% vs 35%, P = .01). Boys spent more time in MVPA during organized recess (79% vs 71%, P = .02). Boys and girls spent more time in activity games during organized recess (59% vs 46%, P = .01; 59% vs 47%, P = .001). Conclusion: Organized recess attracted more children and made the largest contribution to daily MVPA.
Cardiovascular risk profile in Olympic athletes: an unexpected and underestimated risk scenario
Authors: D’Ascenzi Flavio , Caselli Stefano , Alvino Federico , Digiacinto Barbara , Lemme Erika , Piepoli Massimo , Pelliccia Antonio 
Published: September 2018

BackgroundPrevalence of cardiovascular (CV) risk factors has been poorly explored in subjects regularly engaged in high-intensity exercise programmes. Our aim was, therefore, to assess the prevalence and distribution of CV risk factors in a large population of competitive athletes, to derive the characteristics of athlete’s lifestyle associated with the best CV profile.Methods1058 Olympic athletes (656 males, 402 females), consecutively evaluated in the period 2014–2016, represent the study population. Prevalence and distribution of CV risk factors was assessed, in relation to age, body size and sport.FindingsDyslipidemia was the most common risk (32%), followed by increased waist circumference (25%), positive family history (18%), smoking habit (8%), hypertension (3.8%) and hyperglycaemia (0.3%). Large subset of athletes (418, 40%) had none or 1 (414, 39%) risk factor, while only a few (39, 3.7%) had 3/4 CV risk factors. The group without risks largely comprised endurance athletes (34%). Ageing was associated with higher total and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides (p<0.001) and glycaemia (p=0.002) and lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. On multivariate logistic regression analysis, age, BMI and body fat were identified as independent predictors of increased CV risk.InterpretationDyslipidemia and increased waist circumference are common in elite athletes (32% and 25%, respectively). A large proportion (40%) of athletes, mostly endurance, are totally free from risk factors. Only a minority (3%) presents a high CV risk, largely expression of lifestyle and related to modifiable CV risk factors.
Effect of a pulmonary nodule fact sheet on patient anxiety and knowledge: a quality improvement initiative
Authors: Koroscil Matthew T , Bowman Mitchell H , Morris Michael J , Skabelund Andrew J , Hersh Andrew M 
Published: September 2018

IntroductionThe utilisation of chest CT for the evaluation of pulmonary disorders, including low-dose CT for lung cancer screening, is increasing in the USA. As a result, the discovery of both screening-detected and incidental pulmonary nodules has become more frequent. Despite an overall low risk of malignancy, pulmonary nodules are a common cause of emotional distress among adult patients.MethodsWe conducted a multi-institutional quality improvement (QI) initiative involving 101 participants to determine the effect of a pulmonary nodule fact sheet on patient knowledge and anxiety. Males and females aged 35 years or older, who had a history of either screening-detected or incidental solid pulmonary nodule(s) sized 3–8 mm, were included. Prior to an internal medicine or pulmonary medicine clinic visit, participants were given a packet containing a pre-fact sheet survey, a pulmonary nodule fact sheet and a post-fact sheet survey.ResultsOf 101 patients, 61 (60.4%) worried about their pulmonary nodule at least once per month with 18 (17.8%) worrying daily. The majority 67/101 (66.3%) selected chemotherapy, chemotherapy and radiation, or radiation as the best method to cure early-stage lung cancer. Despite ongoing radiographic surveillance, 16/101 (15.8%) stated they would not be interested in an intervention if lung cancer was diagnosed. Following review of the pulmonary nodule fact sheet, 84/101 (83.2%) reported improved anxiety and 96/101 (95.0%) reported an improved understanding of their health situation. Patient understanding significantly improved from 4.2/10.0 to 8.1/10.0 (p<0.01).ConclusionThe incorporation of a standardised fact sheet for subcentimeter solid pulmonary nodules improves patient understanding and alleviates anxiety. We plan to implement pulmonary nodule fact sheets into the care of our patients with low-risk subcentimeter pulmonary nodules.
Dynamical heredity from f(R)-bulk to braneworld: Curvature dynamical constraint and f(R)-unimodular gravity
Authors: Kuerten André Martorano 
Published: September 2018

Recently, Borzou et al. (BSSY) generalized the Shiromizu–Maeda–Sasaki (SMS) formulation to [Formula: see text]-bulks. BSSY brane projected equation carries an additional stress tensor, besides SMS correction for Einstein’s theory on the brane. If we change this perspective, by requiring BSSY tensor in the geometrical side, acting as [Formula: see text]-brane generator, it is possible to relate [Formula: see text]-brane/bulk theories, by using curvature dynamical constraint (CDC), a concept that we developed. Since brane and bulk are [Formula: see text], 5D/4D scalar curvatures also play a dynamical role and, thus, a dynamical version to Gauss equation trace, or CDC, must be offered. We will work yet in a specific case to obtain [Formula: see text]-unimodular gravity, formally identical with that obtained by Nojiri et al. (NOO). Therefore, two applications which consider cosmological scenarios in [Formula: see text]-unimodular gravity with dark radiation correction will be offered.
Spectra (UV-Visible, IR transmission) of Sc3+, Fe3+ and Cu2+ tri-doped LiNbO3 crystals with various [Li]/[Nb] ratios
Authors: Dai Li , Han Xianbo , Shao Yu , Wang Luping , Liu Chunrui , Xu Yuheng 
Published: September 2018

The Sc:Fe:Cu:LiNbO3 crystals were grown with Fe[Formula: see text](0.3 wt.%), Cu[Formula: see text](0.1 wt.%) and Sc[Formula: see text](1 mol.%) by the Czochralski method with various [Li]/[Nb] ratios (0.946, 1.05, 1.20 and 1.38). The influence of the [Li]/[Nb] ratios on the defect structure of Sc:Fe:Cu:LiNbO3 crystals was analyzed by the UV-Visible spectra and IR transmission spectra. The spectra show that the absorption edge shift to the red with [Li]/[Nb] ratios enhancing. The Sc:Fe:Cu:LiNbO3 crystals with [Li]/[Nb] ratio of 1.05 is nearly stoichiometric. A new narrow OH[Formula: see text] associated vibrational peak at 3505 cm[Formula: see text] was revealed in Sc:Fe:Cu:LiNbO3 crystals with the ratio of [Li]/[Nb] = 1.38. It is attributed to the (Sc[Formula: see text])-(OH)[Formula: see text]. The results show that the defect structure changes with the [Li]/[Nb] ratios variation.
Development of a short form of the Hong Kong Chinese orebro musculoskeletal pain screening questionnaire
Authors: Tsang Raymond C. C. , Lee Edwin W. C. , Lau Jamie S. Y. , Kwong Susane S. F. , So Eric M. L. , Wong Thomas F. Y. , Law Rainbow K. Y. 
Published: September 2018

Background: The Orebro Musculoskeletal Pain Screening Questionnaire (OMPSQ) is a valid screening tool to identify those musculoskeletal patients at risk of developing chronicity and disability. A Hong Kong Chinese version of the OMPSQ (COMPSQ-HK) was developed with satisfactory construct validity and predictive validity. Objective: The aim of this study was to develop a 10-item short form of the COMPSQ-HK (COMPSQ-HK10) and examine its measurement properties. Methods: The 10 items were identified from the suggestion by the original author of OMPSQ. The data of the 10 items were extracted from the main study to develop the COMPSQ-HK conducted from 2010 to 2013. The internal consistency using Cronbach’s alpha, test–retest reliability examining intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC[Formula: see text]), minimum detectable change and 95% limits of agreement, construct validity by correlating COMPSQ-HK10 with pain, disability score, kinesiophobia score and Medical Outcomes Study Short Form 12, and predictive validity investigating receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses with sick leave [Formula: see text] days and return-to-work status at one year were calculated. Results: A total of 305 back patients and 160 neck patients were recruited with about 30% of patients lost to follow-up at one year. Both the internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha as 0.732 to 0.757) and test–retest reliabilities (ICC[Formula: see text] as 0.868 for both back and neck patients) were satisfactory. The correlations between COMPSQ-HK10 and COMPSQ-HK for back and neck patients were excellent (Pearson [Formula: see text] as 0.919 and 0.896, respectively, [Formula: see text]). The areas under the ROC curves for back and neck patients were similar for COMPSQ-HK10 and COMPSQ-HK, ranging from 0.603 to 0.712. A cut-off score of 54 of COMPSQ-HK10 was recommended in predicting “sick leave of more than 60 days at one year” and “return to work for at least four consecutive weeks at one year”. Conclusion: The COMPSQ-HK10 has comparable measurement properties with the COMPSQ-HK. It is recommended to use the COMPSQ-HK10 for routine screening to identify patients of back and neck pain at risk of developing chronic pain and disability.
Computing topological polynomials of mesh-derived networks
Authors: Imran Muhammad , Baig Abdul Qudair , Rehman Shafiq Ur , Ali Haidar , Hasni Roslan 
Published: September 2018

Topological descriptors are numerical parameters of a molecular graph which characterize its molecular topology and are usually graph invariant. In QSAR/QSPR study, physico-chemical properties and topological indices such as Randić, atom-bond connectivity [Formula: see text] and geometric-arithmetic (GA) index are used to predict the bioactivity of chemical compounds. Graph theory has found a considerable use in this area of research. The counting polynomials are those polynomials having at exponent the extent of a property partition and coefficients the multiplicity/occurrence of the corresponding partition. All of the studied interconnection mesh networks in this paper are motivated by the molecular structure of a Sodium chloride NaCl. In this paper, Omega, Sadhana and PI polynomials are computed for mesh-derived networks. These polynomials were proposed on the ground of quasi-orthogonal cut edge strips in polycyclic graphs. These polynomials count equidistant and non-equidistant edges in graphs. Moreover, the analytical closed formulas of these polynomials for mesh-derived networks are computed for the first time.