bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Viral infections in kidney transplant recipients
Authors: Ahmad Fidalillah Ansary Eusha , Khanam Chowdhury Jubaida , Azim Muhammed Arshad Ul , Kader Md Abdul 
Published: November 2024

After transplantation, viruses are one of the most frequent sources of opportunistic infections. The particular virus encountered, the degree of immune suppression applied to avoid graft rejection, and other host characteristics influencing susceptibility all influence the likelihood of contracting a virus. Following kidney transplantation, infectious challenges have been identified as a primary source of mortality and morbidity. In order to prevent such outcome of recipient of kidney transplant, it is necessary to detect infection early and provide appropriate treatment in time. Amongst all possible infectious complications, the most common is considered to be viral infection owing to their prevalence, ability of latency and infectivity. The frequently identified virus as agents that may cause infection in case of recipients of kidney transplantation throughout the world are varicella zoster virus, herpes simplex virus, cytomegalovirus, adenovirus, Epstein-Barr virus, polyoma virus and hepatitis B. The distribution of these viruses is widespread worldwide . These microorganisms can reactivate , as these are DNA viruses, when immunosuppressive medications are given to afflicted patients. Particularly during the first six months following transplantation, these DNA viruses can result in systemic illnesses or allograft malfunction. Pretransplant evaluation, immunization, adequate prophylaxis, and preventive measures following transplant can be adopted as effective means of reducing the frequency of these viral infections. The genesis, diagnosis, prophylaxis, and management of viral infections that frequently afflict kidney transplant recipients will be covered in this review.
J Med Coll Women Hosp.2024;20(1): 81-90
Revalorisation of brewer’s spent grain for biotechnological production of hydrogen with Escherichia coli
Authors: Cabrera Gema , Jáimez José Manuel , Sánchez-Oneto Jezabel , Bolivar Jorge , Valle Antonio 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionAgro-industrial wastes are generated in huge amounts triggering damages to the environment and human health. Therefore, there is an urgent necessity for its revalorisation into high-value compounds, including biofuels. One such wastes is the brewer's spent grain (BSG), a by-product of the beer industry, which is produced in vast quantities worldwide. The rich-fibre and protein content of BSG makes this waste a valuable resource for biotechnological applications, although the main challenge of this approach is to make the carbohydrates and proteins available for bacterial metabolisation into high-value products. This work aims to optimise a thermal-hydrolysis process to revalorise BSG by bacterial conversion into hydrogen (H2), as a clean energy that can replace fossil fuels.MethodsA 2k full factorial design method was employed hydrolysation of BSG and showed that temperature and acid concentration are significant factors that affect the extraction of reducing sugars (RS) and proteins. Subsequently, steepest ascent and central composite design (CCD) statistical methods were applied to determine the optimal conditions for hydrolysis.ResultsThe optimised hydrolysis condition were 0.047 M H2SO4, 150°C, 30 min and 15% BSG, leading to the theoretical concentrations of 54.8 g RS/L and 20 g/L proteins. However, 5'-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) was generated in thermal-hydrolysis conditions at higher temperatures exceeding 132°C. Therefore, a screening of HBSGs fermentation using Escherichia coli was conducted in order to identify the most suitable conditions for maximizing H2, as well as the production of volatile fatty acids (succinate and acetate) and ethanol. Among the tested conditions, HBSG A17 (117°C, 20 min, and 0.1 M H2SO4) yielded the highest H2 production of 48 mmol/L in this work.ConclusionThis study provides valuable insights into the optimisation of BSG pre-treatment for biotechnological applications, which may help in the selection of the most appropriate hydrolysis conditions based on the desired end product.
Leveraging environmental microbial indicators in wastewater for data-driven disease diagnostics
Authors: Gogoi Gayatri , Singh Sarangthem Dinamani , Koch Devpratim , Kalyan Emon , Boro Rashmi Rani , Devi Aradhana , Mahanta Hridoy Jyoti , Bharali Pankaj 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionWastewater-based surveillance (WBS) is an emerging tool for monitoring the spread of infectious diseases, such as SARS-CoV-2, in community settings. Environmental factors, including water quality parameters and seasonal variations, may influence the prevalence of viral particles in wastewater. This study aims to explore the relationships between these factors and the incidence of SARS-CoV-2 across 28 monitoring sites, spanning different seasons and water strata.MethodsSamples were collected from 28 sites, accounting for seasonal and spatial (surface and intermediate water layers) variations. Key physicochemical parameters, heavy metals, and minerals were measured, and viral presence was detected using RT-qPCR. After data preprocessing, correlation analyses identified 19 relevant environmental parameters. Unsupervised learning algorithms, including K-means and K-medoid clustering, were employed to categorize the data into four distinct clusters, revealing patterns of viral positivity and environmental conditions.ResultsCluster analysis indicated that seasonal variations and water quality characteristics significantly influenced SARS-CoV-2 positivity rates. The four clusters demonstrated distinct associations between environmental factors and viral prevalence, with certain clusters correlating with higher viral loads in specific seasons. The clustering patterns varied across sample sites, reflecting the diverse environmental conditions and their influence on viral detection.DiscussionThe findings underscore the critical role of environmental factors, such as water quality and seasonality, in shaping the dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 prevalence in wastewater. These insights provide a deeper understanding of the complex interplay between environmental contexts and disease spread. By utilizing WBS and advanced data analysis techniques, this study offers a robust framework for future research aimed at enhancing public health surveillance and interventions.
Computational modeling of cyclotides as antimicrobial agents against Neisseria gonorrhoeae PorB porin protein: integration of docking, immune, and molecular dynamics simulations
Authors: Hussain Muzamal , Kanwal Nazia , Jahangir Alishba , Ali Nouman , Hanif Nimra , Ullah Obaid 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundNeisseria gonorrhoeae is the bacterium responsible for gonorrhoea, one of the most common sexually transmitted infections (STIs) globally. In 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) estimated 82.4 million new cases of Neisseria gonorrhoeae infections. Current treatments rely on antibiotics, but the emergence of multi drug resistance (MDR) strains poses a significant threat to public health. This research aims to use computational modeling of cyclotides as antimicrobial agents targeting the Neisseria gonorrhoeae PorB Porin protein to inhibit its pathogenicity.MethodologyThe PorB Porin protein was retrieved from the Protein Data Bank (PDB ID: 4AUI), cleaned, and visualized using Discovery Visual Studio. Physicochemical properties were predicted using ProtParam. Cyclotides were obtained from the CyBase database, with 3D models generated and refined via the Swiss Model for docking studies. HDOCK was used for molecular docking. Toxicity and allergenicity predictions were performed with ToxinPred and AlgPred. A heatmap of the peptide was created using Protein-Sol. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were conducted for 100,000 picoseconds using Desmond from Schrödinger LLC, while binding energy was analyzed using MMGBSA. Immune response simulations were done with C-ImmSim 10.1, and peptide simulation in water was performed via WebGro.ResultsThe protein’s GRAVY value is −0.539, indicating moderate hydrophilicity, and its isoelectric point is 9.14, suggesting a fundamental nature. Globa D had the highest docking score (−270.04 kcal/mol) and was deemed non-toxic and non-allergenic. MD simulations showed stable protein-ligand interactions, and MMGBSA revealed a low binding energy of −36.737 kcal/mol. Immune simulations indicated an effective immune response and peptide simulations demonstrated Globa D’s stability in water, making it a potential candidate for pharmaceutical applications.ConclusionGloba D proved the best drug candidate against Neisseria gonorrhoeae by inhibiting PorB Porin protein chain A. Further in vitro and in vivo studies are recommended to validate these findings and explore clinical applications.
Summary of the best evidence for risk stratification of exercise rehabilitation in patients with a cardiac implantable electronic device
Authors: Di Ruiqing , Huang Zheng , Huang Huifang , Li Siyu , Gao Xing , Bai Jingshuang 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundHierarchical management of sports risk is highly critical to ensure the safety of sports rehabilitation. Early identification, timely prevention and control of sports-related risk factors, and enhanced supervision and guidance can provide a basis for the formulation of sports programmes and the setting of sports monitoring levels.ObjectiveThis study aimed to retrieve, evaluate, and integrate evidence for the stratified management of motor risk in patients with a cardiac implantable electronic device (CIED).MethodsWe searched for evidence according to the “6S” model of evidence-based resources. CNKI, VIP, Wanfang Data, CBM, PubMed, Cochrane Iibrary, CINAHL, EMbase, Web of Science, BMJ Best Practice, Up To Date, and International Guidelines Collaboration Network were searched from inception to February 2024. To search for evidence on stratified management of motor risk in patients with CIEDs, this research includes guidelines, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, expert consensus, clinical decision-making, and randomized controlled trials. After methodological quality evaluation, the evidence was extracted and summarized accordingly.ResultsAccording to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 16 pieces of evidence were screened, including 5 guidelines, 1 clinical decision-making, 5 systematic reviews, 4 expert consensus, and 1 randomized controlled trial. After reading, extracting, and categorizing, 34 pieces of evidence in 4 areas were identified, namely, screening and assessment of exercise risk in CIEDs, exercise monitoring, implementation of exercise prescriptions, and prevention and management of exercise-related risks.ConclusionsThis study provides the best evidence for the prevention and management of exercise risk in patients with CIEDs, clarifies the role of nurses in evaluating, monitoring, and educating patients undergoing motor rehabilitation, and provides a basis for the formulation of clinically feasible rehabilitation programs.Systematic Review RegistrationPROSPERO, identifier (CRD2024509622).
Evaluating knowledge and awareness of 3D design and printing among dental students in Saudi Arabia: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Alamri Hamdan , Alshammari Falah R. , Bin Rahmah Abdullah , Alsaif Mohammed I. , Almutairi Farah , Alolaywi Hissah , Altariqi Aroub , Alotaibi Sarah , Almutairi Rahaf , Almadhoon Hossam , AlMoharib Hani S. 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionAs 3D design and printing technology gains popularity, there remains limited evidence on dental students' perceptions in Saudi Arabia regarding its use. This study aims to assess the knowledge and awareness of dental students in Saudi Arabia about 3D design and printing technology.MethodsA cross-sectional questionnaire-based study was conducted among dental students in their third, fourth, and fifth years at multiple universities in Saudi Arabia between February and October 2023. A validated self-administered questionnaire with 15 close-ended items, including demographic and knowledge-related questions about 3D design and printing, was used. Statistical analysis was performed using Chi-square and Fisher exact tests to identify factors associated with knowledge and awareness levels.ResultsA total of 374 dental students participated in the study, with 63.1% being female students. Of the participants, 40.4% identified the cost of equipment as the primary barrier to 3D printing usage in dentistry in Saudi Arabia. The majority (94.4%) recognized the advantages of 3D models for implant placement. Awareness of 3D printing utilization in the field was reported by 69.3% of participants, and 74.3% acknowledged its increasing popularity. Furthermore, 73.8% of participants expressed confidence in the biocompatibility and safety of 3D printed materials. A significant percentage (64.0%) were aware of 3D printing's role in creating Invisalign aligners, and 42.4% believed in the value of 3D printed drill guides for root canal treatment. The study found statistically significant regional differences (p &lt; 0.05) across all questions. Participants primarily relied on colleges (64.8%) as their source of information, and a high proportion (82.4%) expressed interest in further exploring the usage of 3D printing in dentistry.ConclusionOur study found that students' knowledge and awareness in Saudi Arabia are generally satisfactory. Integrating 3D printing into dental curricula and providing workshops is crucial to meet dental students' interest in exploring its usage and equipping them for its future implementation.
Subjective theories of the Chilean teachers’ union about school climate and violence after the pandemic: a study of web news
Authors: Castro-Carrasco Pablo , Cuadra-Martínez David , Gubbins Verónica , Rodríguez-Pastene-Vicencio Fabiana , Carrasco-Aguilar Claudia , Caamaño-Vega Vladimir , Zelaya Martina 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionThe COVID-19 pandemic increased school violence and worsened the school climate in Chile. In Chile, punitive control policies such as the Safe Class Law (Ley Aula Segura) have been adopted. A key actor in the public debate is the Chilean Teachers’ Union, due to its potential impact on new public policies on the issue.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to reconstruct the subjective theories of school violence and school climate presented by the Chilean Teachers’ Union after the COVID-19 pandemic, in its public discourse broadcast on the web news.MethodsBased on a documentary study, a case study design and qualitative methodology, embedded in the FONDECYT project No. 1231667, titled “The social construction in Chile of school climate and school violence after the return to face-to-face education,” web news (N = 36) were analyzed in which the Chilean Teachers’ Union explains school violence and school climate after the pandemic.ResultsWe found subjective theories that explain the meaning of school violence and school climate, and external factors associated with the serious deterioration of these educational dimensions after the COVID-19 pandemic. Accordingly, we obtained a set of measures such as inclusive policies, curriculum, participation in the development of educational policies, and refunding public education that teachers propose to solve these phenomena in the future.DiscussionIn the context of a union that has historically considered public policies to be non-participative in their formulation and distant from the schools’ reality, these findings have important implications for understanding the arguments of the Teachers’ Union about the need to improve mental health and working conditions as crucial elements for addressing school climate and school violence.
Altered metabolic profiles of dermatomyositis with different myositis-specific autoantibodies associated with clinical phenotype
Authors: Wang Nan , Shang Lili , Liang Zhaojun , Feng Min , Wang Yanlin , Gao Chong , Luo Jing 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionDermatomyositis (DM) is an idiopathic inflammatory myopathy. Because of clinical heterogeneity, the metabolite profile of DM patients with different myositis-specific autoantibodies (MSAs) remains elusive. This study aimed to explore the metabolomics characteristics of the serum in DM with different MSAs, low or high disease activity, and interstitial lung disease.MethodsUntargeted metabolomics profiling was performed in the serum of a discovery cohort (n=96) and a validation cohort (n=40), consisting of DM patients with MSAs, low or high disease activity, and/or interstitial lung disease (DM-ILD) compared to age- and gender-matched healthy controls (HCs).ResultsThe lipid profile in DM was found to be abnormal, especially dysregulated glycerophospholipid metabolism and fatty acid oxidation, which might affect the pathogenesis of DM by disrupting the balance of Th17 and Treg. We identified potential biomarkers of DM that can distinguish between low or high disease activity and reflect lung involvement. Two metabolite combinations including pro-leu, FA 14:0;O can distinguish high disease activity DM from low disease activity DM and HCs, and five including indole-3-lactic acid, dihydrosphingosine, SM 32:1;O2, NAE 17:1, and cholic acid can distinguish DM-ILD from DM without ILD (DM-nonILD). DM with different MSAs had unique metabolic characteristics, which can distinguish between MDA5+DM, Jo-1+DM, and TIF1-γ+DM, and from the antibody-negative groups. The sphingosine metabolism has been found to play an important role in MDA5+DM, which was associated with the occurrence of ILD.DiscussionAltered metabolic profiles of dermatomyositis were associated with different myositisspecific autoantibodies, disease activity, and interstitial lung disease, which can help in the early diagnosis, prognosis, or selection of new therapeutic targets for DM.
Identification and validation of diagnostic biomarkers and immune cell abundance characteristics in Staphylococcus aureus bloodstream infection by integrative bioinformatics analysis
Authors: Shi Junhong , Shen Li , Xiao Yanghua , Wan Cailing , Wang Bingjie , Zhou Peiyao , Zhang Jiao , Han Weihua , Hu Rongrong , Yu Fangyou , Wang Hongxiu 
Published: November 2024

Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is an opportunistic pathogen that could cause life-threatening bloodstream infections. The objective of this study was to identify potential diagnostic biomarkers of S. aureus bloodstream infection. Gene expression dataset GSE33341 was optimized as the discovery dataset, which contained samples from human and mice. GSE65088 dataset was utilized as a validation dataset. First, after overlapping the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in S. aureus infection samples from GSE33341-human and GSE33341-mice samples, we detected 63 overlapping genes. Subsequently, the hub genes including DRAM1, PSTPIP2, and UPP1 were identified via three machine-learning algorithms: random forest, support vector machine-recursive feature elimination, and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator. Additionally, the receiver operating characteristic curve was leveraged to verify the efficacy of the hub genes. DRAM1 (AUC=1), PSTPIP2 (AUC=1), and UPP1 (AUC=1) were investigated and demonstrated significant expression differences (all P &lt; 0.05) and diagnostic efficacy in the training and validation datasets. Furthermore, the relationship between the diagnostic markers and the abundance of immune cells was assessed using cell-type identification by estimating relative subsets of RNA transcripts (CIBERSORT). These three diagnostic indicators also correlated with multiple immune cells to varying degrees. The expression of DRAM1 was significantly positively correlated with B cell naive and mast cell activation, and negatively correlated with NK cells and CD4/CD8+ T cells. The expression of PSTPIP2 was significantly positively correlated with macrophage M0, macrophage M1, B cell naive, and dendritic cell activation, while the expression of PSTPIP2 was negatively correlated with NK cells and CD4/CD8+ T cells. Significant negative correlations between UPP1 expression and T cell CD4 memory rest and neutrophils were also observed. Finally, we established a mouse model of S. aureus bloodstream infection and collected the blood samples for RNA-Seq analysis and RT-qPCR experiments. The analysis results in RNA-Seq and RT-qPCR experiments further confirmed the significant expression differences (all P &lt; 0.05) of these three genes. Overall, three candidate hub genes (DRAM1, PSTPIP2, and UPP1) were identified initially for S. aureus bloodstream infection diagnosis. Our study could provide potential diagnostic biomarkers for S. aureus bloodstream infection patients.
IAPP blocks anti-breast cancer function of CD8+T cells via targeting cuproptosis
Authors: Guo Dandan , Huang Zhijian , Wang Qianqian , Chen Wei , Huang Yu , Sun Xinhao , Chen Jian , Feng Shuying 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundBreast cancer (BRCA) is the most prevalent type of cancer worldwide. As a highly heterogeneous cancer, it has a high recurrence rate. Since its biological behavior can be regulated by immunity and cuprotosis, so exploring potential therapeutic target to mediate immunity and cuprotosis is of great significance for BRCA therapy.MethodsThe immune-related genes and immune-cuprotosis-related deferentially expressed genes (ICR-DEGs) were identified by mining the TCGA database. Prognostic analysis, differential expression analysis, univariate and lasso regression analyses were used to determine their independent prognostic values. To evaluate the relationship between ICR-DEGs and immune scores, we constructed a prognostic risk model to evaluate immune checkpoints, and then the role of tumor immune microenvironment in BRCA was explored. Furthermore, anti-BRCA function and mechanism of islet amyloid poly-peptide (IAPP) mediated CD8+T cells were verified by means of flow cytometry, ELISA, and subcutaneous transplantation tumor model.ResultsAll results suggested that immune-cuprotosis-related genes were a potential predictor of BRCA’s response to immune checkpoint inhibitors and immunotherapy biomarkers. Thereby downregulation of IAPP reduced cuprotosis of CD8+T or Her2-CAR-T cells to promote the anti-BRCA function both in vitro and in vivo.ConclusionOur research had clarified the function and mechanism of IAPP in CD8+T cells, providing new ideas for improving the diagnosis and treatment of BRCA.