bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Energy Efficiency Optimization of Milk Homogenizers: A Contribution to the European Green Deal Goals
Authors: Samoichuk Kyrylo , Kovalyov Alexandr , Palianychka Nadiia , Hutsol Taras , Komarnitskyi Serhii , Bezaltychna Olena , Kuboń Maciej , Tabor Sylwester , Kukharets Valentyna 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The modern global milk processing industry involves the use of innovations and optimization of existing industry management methods, which contributes to the realization of sustainable development and energy efficiency. Increasing the energy efficiency of dispersing and homogenizing milk and dairy products can contribute to the practical implementation of the philosophy of the “European Green Deal”. The jet-slot milk homogenizer is one of the most energy-efficient among all types of homogenizers in the dairy industry. The principle of its operation is based on the creation of a maximum speed difference between the fat balls of cream and the flow of skimmed milk. This makes it possible to obtain a high degree of dispersion with high energy efficiency of the process. Reducing the specific energy consumption and finding the optimal parameters of the homogenizer were based on the results of both theoretical and experimental studies and were carried out graphically. The optimization criteria (decreasing specific energy consumption while maintaining high homogenization quality) were chosen to achieve a dispersion of 0.8 μm with minimal energy consumption. The diameter of the confusor is optimized at the point of greatest narrowing. The obtained results indicate that to increase the energy efficiency of homogenization, the parameter values should be within 3.5–4.0 mm. The parameters of the width of the ring gap, the fat content and the speed of the cream are optimized. The results showed that it is possible to reduce the specific energy intensity of the process to values of 0.88–0.92 kWh/t when using cream with a fat content of 33–43%, which should be fed through an annular gap with a width of 0.6–0.8 mm. Optimum values of the cream feed speed were found, which should be equal to 7–11 m/s. The research results are of high practical value for the further development of an energy-efficient industrial model of a jet-slot homogenizer.
Dynamic planning approach of facility layout from industry perspectives: A systematic literature review
Authors: Isnaini Wildanul , Masruroh Nur Aini , Dharma IGB Budi 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
A general classification of facility layout criteria, including the planning approach, material handling configuration, department area, layout generation approach, metaheuristic approach, and layout evaluation approach has been achieved through numerous reviews of facility layout. Based on dynamic planning approach research, the companies and industries as significant users of the facility layout, necessitate a more detailed and exhaustive review of the layout optimization (re-layout) strategy. However, that review remains incomplete. This paper aims to fill the gap between the industry’s practical needs and existing research on dynamic planning facility layout by conducting a literature review to identify various facility layout criteria and factors categorized by industry layout type, providing companies with clearer guidance for their layout decisions. A reference that provides a comprehensive analysis of the relevant characteristics, methods, and factors in determining layout types will be helpful to decision-makers as a strategy in facility layout. This literature review analyzed 44 articles from the Scopus database between 2014 and 2024. These articles were selected through a screening process from 1278 articles using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) method which has proven effective in obtaining key articles on specific research topics. The results of this review present a classification of facility layout criteria based on layout type in industries complemented by the development of a checklist as an initial screening tool for the industry to optimize the layout. Further, it enhances the theoretical advancement of the dynamic planning approach by identifying areas for future investigation.
Measures to prevent damage and to extent the service life of a rotary excavator
Authors: Arsić Dušan , Nikolić Ružica R. , Arsić Aleksandra , Cvetković Dragan , Pastorková Jana , Bokuvka Otakar 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The rotary excavator is a complex machine system, the main part of the ECS (excavator-conveyer-spreader) system, used in open-pit mining. Such a machine’s service life can last for decades, it generally operates in the harsh exploitation conditions, which requires that its vital structures must be continuously controlled and well maintained. Damage or fracture of parts or assemblies of a rotary excavator can be caused by influence of various manufacturing, construction, exploitation conditions or environmental factors. Analysis of those eventual failures can be performed by various methods, out of which the most suitable are the failure analysis methods, for example the fault-tree analysis (FTA), the Ishikawa fishbone (cause-and-effect) diagrams or the failure modes and effects analysis (FMEA). In this article are presented results of the fault tree analysis of possible causes of rotary excavator’s parts, as well as measures to prevent their damages and/or fractures and to extend the service life of an excavator as a whole. The model of the organizational system for the rotary excavator’s maintenance is given, as well.
Study of the corrective effect of plant antihypoxants on lipid and phospholipid metabolism in rats during modeling of hemic hypoxia
Authors: Kanaeva E. , Pavlova O. , Gulenko O. 
Published: February 2025

Hypoxia, regardless of its origin, is in many cases the main factor in the formation of many pathological conditions and various diseases. The aim of the study is to study the disturbance of lipid and phospholipid metabolism in rats during modeling of hemic hypoxia.Materials and methods. The studies were conducted on white outbred rats weighing 220-240 g. A model of hemic hypoxia was used. To determine lipoproteins, an electrophoretic method and standard techniques were used with standard sets of chemical reagents. The phospholipid spectrum was determined by thin-layer chromatography using silicone plates from Silufol.Results. The results of the studies showed that in rats of group 1, the concentration of all phospholipid fractions during acute hemic hypoxia decreased by 5,4 % compared to the indices of intact animals, in rats of group 2 — by 6,5 %, in rats of group 3 — by 4,9 %, in rats of group 4 — by 3,1 %, and in rats of group 5 — by 5,6 % compared to the indices of intact rats. During hemic hypoxia, phospholipid metabolism disorders rapidly develop, characterized by a decrease in the proportion of total phospholipids, an increase in the concentration of LPH, a decrease in the level of the main phospholipid fractions PHH and an increase in PHEA, which indicates an increase in phospholipase activity in tissues.
Preservation of cattle the breed of sychevka at the present stage of breeding
Authors: Tatueva O. , Koltsov D. 
Published: February 2025

Purpose: to study the availability of genetic resources of the breed of Sychevka and their use for its conservation.Materials and methods. The object of research is the daughters of sires the breed of Sychevka used in the breeding network of the Smolensk region over the past 30 years. The materials for the research were data on breeding and zootechnical accounting of animals in the IAS "SELEX – Dairy Cattle" and data from Yearbooks on breeding work in dairy cattle breeding in the farms of the Russian Federation for the period from 1990 to 2023. The methodology of this work is related to the study of zootechnical techniques aimed at improving dairy cattle using general scientific zootechnical and population-genetic analysis methods.Results. It has been established that during the improvement of the breed of Sychevka, sires of Holstein and Simmental breeds were used in different time periods and with different intensity. The ratio of breeding bulls used in the region maintains a tendency to increase imported (Holstein and Simmental) and decrease domestic (breed of Sychevka) animals by 19,5 %. A comparative analysis of intra-linear selection options and selections at the cross of lines and related groups showed that the best results in milk yield in both cases were obtained with a combination of imported bulls, milk fat content at intra-linear — imported, at cross — domestic, milk protein content — domestic.Conclusion. So, in order to restore the population of cattle the breed of Sychevka using the remaining reserve of breeding bulls, it is extremely necessary to create a gene pool farm in the Smolensk region and carry out breeding, both to improve the productive qualities of animals and to preserve the genetic component of the breed.
Composition and Role of Endobiont Infusorians in the Digestive Tract of the Manchurian Deer in Yakutia
Authors: Sleptsov E. , Alferov I. , Gavrilyeva L. , Nifontov K. , Struchkov N. , Nyukkanov A. , Savvinova M. , Vinokhodov V. 
Published: February 2025

Purpose: to study the composition and role of endobiont ciliates in the digestive tract of red deer living in Yakutia.Materials and methods. The study was conducted on materials obtained from the forestomachs of animals delivered from the Amginsky ulus in December. In total, one animal was examined, from which two samples were taken. Microscopic examination of ciliates was carried out during the analysis of sample prints. Species affiliation, abundance and morphological parameters were determined.Results. During the analysis, five species of endobiont ciliates were identified, including Entodinium fursa monolobum, Entodinium anteronucleatum, Epidinium ecaudatum and Eudiplodinium maggii, belonging to the genera Entodinium, Epidinium and Eudiplodinium. Of particular interest is the discovery of Entodinium anteronucleatum, specific to red deer, which makes it unique in the biodiversity of forestomach microorganisms. Comparative analysis showed the presence of common species of ciliates with cattle - Entodinium fursa, Epidinium ecaudatum, Eudiplodinium maggii, which may indicate the similarity of digestive processes in these animals, although in red deer they are more effective due to the limited food supply. Studies have confirmed the participation of endobiont microorganisms, especially microaerophilic organisms of the genera Entodinium and Eudiplodinium, in the processes of food processing, including coarse plant fiber. These processes play an important role in improving the quality and efficiency of digestion, as well as the availability of nutrients. Further study of endobiont microorganisms may have prospects for the development of new veterinary drugs aimed at regulating the composition and quantity of microflora and microfauna of the forestomachs not only in red deer, but also in other ruminants.
Efeitos da migração, da mortalidade e da reposição de coortes sobre a variação da população em idade de trabalho das unidades da federação brasileira entre 2000 e 2022
Authors: Santos Reinaldo Onofre dos 
Published: February 2025

O objetivo desse trabalho é avaliar os componentes que explicam a variação da população em idade de trabalho no Brasil, entre 2000 e 2022. A diversidade regional brasileira, em vários aspectos, se traduz em uma variedade de níveis de fecundidade, mortalidade e migração. Essa diversidade promove diferentes interações entre transição de estrutura etária e perdas ou ganhos de população em idade de rabalho entre as unidades da federação. O presente estudo realizou uma decomposição da variação da população em idade de trabalho em efeitos de mortalidade, de reposição de coortes e de migração, nos períodos de 2000 a 2010 e de 2010 a 2022, por sexo e para cada unidade da federação. Os resultados mostram aumento do efeito da mortalidade e redução do efeito da reposição das cortes ao longo do tempo, além de novas formas espaciais da migração no Brasil.
SELECTIVE ISOMERIZATION OF GLUCOSE INTO FRUCTOSE OVER MgO-ZrO2/Al2O3 CATALYST
Authors: Levytska Svitlana , Brei Volodymyr 
Published: February 2025

Fructose is the sweetest natural sugar that widely used in the food industry as a dietary sweetener. It is also a key starting compound for the synthesis of wide variety biobased va­lue-added intermediates. Isomerisation of glucose into fructose is already a large-scale industrial process performed with about 1500 tof immobilized enzymes producing more than 10 million (dry matter) a glucose – fructose syrup per year. But this process requires considerable costs therefore the development of fast, cheap and reusable catalyst systems seems essential. Known solid catalysts are still significantly inferior to enzymes in process selectivity, so the search for effective cata­lysts for glucose isomerization remains relevant. The process of isomerization of 10–30% aqueous glucose solutions over alumina-supported mixed MgO-ZrO2 oxides in batch and flow mode at 90°C and atmospheric pressure was investigated. The supported mixed oxide MgO-ZrO2/Al2O3 was synthesized by a simple impregnation method which is important for the development of a simple and cheap catalyst for the target reaction. MgO-ZrO2/Al2O3 sample with a molar ratio of Mg/Zr= 4 and the deposited oxide phase content of 20 wt.% was synthesized by impregnation of commercial granular aluminum oxide with a compatible solution of magnesium and zirconium nitrates and subsequent heat treatment at 600 C for 2 h. It was found that the MgO-ZrO2/Al2O3 catalyst provides glucose conversion up to 19%, with maximum fructose selectivity up to 100% in the flow mode. The possibility of processing of concentrated (30%) glucose solutions at 90 °Cwith catalyst productivity of 0,44–0.67 mmol fructose/gcat/h was shown. After 30 h processing MgO-ZrO2/Al2O3 catalyst has been rege­nerated by calcination in air for 2 hours at 600 °C without loss of activity and selectivity.
Charismatic Anglicanism in Nigeria: Understanding the Hybrid Identity through the Lens of ‘Insider Movement’ and ‘Multiple Religious Belonging’
Authors: WONG Ho Lun Donald 
Published: February 2025

This paper analyses the hybrid identity of charismatic Anglicans in Nigeria. Two theoretical frameworks are borrowed from the fields of missiology and inter-religious dialogues, namely ‘insider movements’ and ‘multiple religious belonging’. They serve as analytical tools to examine the hybrid identity. Nigerian Anglicans who persisted in the 1970s and 1980s with their charismatic practices within the Church of Nigeria (Anglican Communion) led an ‘insider movement’. These Anglican charismatic ‘insiders’ gradually transformed their Anglican ‘communities of origin’ in the 1990s, when denominational leaders recognised that Anglican churches needed to compete for survival against Neo-Pentecostal churches. A hybrid identity emerged – a Nigerian charismatic Anglicanism. The 1996 Nigerian Book of Common Prayer, and its adapted use among charismatic Anglican congregations, shows the early shape of such hybridity; video footages and written materials as recent as 2022 demonstrate the continued relevance of this phenomenon. The framework of ‘insider movements’, however, cannot fully capture this hybrid identity given its inside—outside binarisation. Drawing insights from the notion of ‘multiple religious belonging’, this paper argues that Nigerian Anglicans are at home with multiple strands of religious traditions weaving their identities – Neo-Pentecostalism and the legacy ethos of Anglican missions included. Furthermore, this hybrid identity of charismatic Anglicans in Nigeria carries an asymmetrical preference of charismatic spirituality over traditional Anglicanism. Such a preference can be explained by its close association with the indigenous Nigerian worldview. This paper ends by noting the use of the framework ‘multiple religious belonging’ demonstrates the permeability between interreligious and intrareligious discourses.
Implementasi Metode Simple Additive Weighting Dalam Penentuan Penerima Bld-Dd Di Desa Oesoko
Authors: Charmiliani Besa Flora 
Published: February 2025

Bantuan Langsung Tunai Dana Desa (BLT-DD) adalah program pemerintah yang memberikan bantuan tunai kepada masyarakat desa yang kurang mampu. Program ini bertujuan untuk meringankan beban ekonomi masyarakat, terutama di masa pandemi. Desa Oesoko adalah Desa yang terletak Di Kecamatan Insana Utara, Kabupaten Timor Tengah Utara yang memiliki jumlah penduduk sebanyak 1.482 jiwa pada bulan Agustus 2022 dengan jumlah KK sebanyak 366 KK. Dari jumlah KK diatas terdapat 56 KK yang menerima BLT-DD pada tahun 2022. Besaran BLT-DD Di Desa Oesoko sebesar Rp. 300.000 per bulannya atau tiga bulan satu kali dengan jumlah Rp. 900.000 per Kepala Keluraga (KK). Selama ini pihak Pemerintah Desa Oesoko menetukan kelayakan calon penerima BLT dengan cara MUSDESSUS akan tetapi belum tepat sasaran. Faktor yang mepengaruhi terjadinya kesalahan tersebut ialah; pertama proses penyeleksi calon penerima BLT masih bersifat wewenang dimana dalam pendataan yang dilakukan oleh Ketua RT setempat sering terjadi hanya keluarga Ketua RT yang menerima BLT padahal tergolong mampu. Kedua sering terjadi masyarakat yang namanya sudah terdaftar dalam calon penerima BLT-DD akan tetapi masyarakat tersebut pindah domisili. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah membangun suatu Sistem Pendukung Keputusan menggunakan metode Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) Berbasis Web. Hasil penelitian ini adalah suatu Sistem Pendukung Keputusan berupa ranking prioritas calon penerima bantuan berdasarkan bobot hasil perhitungan menggunakan metode SAW. Program aplikasi ini menggunakan pemrograman HTML, PHP dan untuk databasenya menggunakan MySQL.
Polymorphic variants in DOCK7, ABCG8, UBE2E2, and SYN2 genes associated with type 2 diabetes in the Uzbek population
Authors: Zakirova Darya , Abdullaev Alisher , Dalimova Dilbar , Aguryanova Elina , Khonboev Fazliddin , Khushvakova Nilyufar , Alikhanova Nodira , Takhirova Feruza 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundDiabetes is a leading cause of death, affecting nearly half a billion adults worldwide. With projections indicating a significant increase in prevalence, understanding the genetic factors that contribute to diabetes, particularly type 2, is crucial.MethodsThis study investigated the association of specific polymorphisms with type 2 diabetes (T2D) in the Uzbek population. A total of 165 individuals, including 125 patients with T2D and 40 controls, were genotyped for variants located in the DOCK7, ABCG8, UBE2E2, SYN2, HNF1A, and IGF2BP2 genes using real-time polymerase chain reaction.ResultsThe analysis revealed significant associations between these polymorphisms and T2D under various genetic models. The distribution of the genotype frequencies was consistent with the Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium.ConclusionThe findings of this study underscore the importance of ethnic and geographical diversity in genetic studies and contribute to the understanding of T2D in the Uzbek population. Further research is needed to explore the clinical implications of these genetic associations.
Characteristics of myocardial work during exercise stress echocardiography in healthy adults
Authors: Huang Liwei , Ye Luwei , Zhang Hongmei , Zhang Qingfeng , Ding Geqi , Li Chunmei , Deng Yan , Yin Lixue , Wang Yi 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundNon-invasive myocardial work (MW) is a more precise parameter for evaluating left ventricular (LV) systolic function. However, studies examining sex-based differences in MW during exercise stress echocardiography (SE) in healthy individuals are scarce. Previous research has shown that global work efficiency (GWE) decreases following exercise.ObjectivesTo characterize sex-based differences in MW during exercise SE in healthy adults and to explore the factors influencing the decline in GWE post-exercise.MethodsThe study enrolled 200 healthy adults, all of whom underwent echocardiographic assessments both at rest and immediately after completing a symptom-limited treadmill stress test. We measured LV volume, ejection fraction (EF), force, peak positive strain (PPS), global work index (GWI), global constructive work (GCW), global wasted work (GWW), and GWE at rest and post-exercise.ResultsGWI, GCW, and GWW increased, while GWE decreased after exercise. There were no significant differences in any of the global MW parameters between sexes at rest (all p &gt; 0.05). The change in △GWE was greater in women (p &lt; 0.05), but no significant differences were found in other MW reserve parameters between sexes. The multivariable linear regression analysis revealed that GWW was independently associated with PPS (β = 0.842, p &lt; 0.0001) and force (β = 0.306, p = 0.023). Furthermore, the multivariable linear regression analysis showed that GWE was independently associated with PPS (β = −0.395, p = 0.018) and EF (β = −0.236, p &lt; 0.001).ConclusionSex had a minimal effect on MW-based LV systolic function in healthy adults. GWE decreased post-exercise, and both PPS and force were independently associated with GWW. These findings suggest that higher contractility is achieved at the cost of increased wasted work, which subsequently leads to a decrease in mechanical efficiency.
bk-5214S2L, an allelic variant of bk-5, as high-quality silage maize genetic resource
Authors: Li Gang , Du Jiyuan , Li Xiaohu , Zhuge Shilin , Ren Shuolin , Wu Min , Ma Haoran , Guo Xinrui , Chen Ziqiang , Ding Haiping 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionStem brittleness significantly affects both yield and quality of maize.MethodsUsing phenotypic identification and sequence analysis, we identified a new brittle stalk maize mutant. Furthermore, we assessed its feeding value by content determination of cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin crude fiber, starch, and protein contents.ResultsHere, we identified a brittle stalk maize mutant, bk-5214S2L, an allelic variant of bk-5. The stem brittleness of bk-5214S2L was similar to that of bk-5, but not identical. Unlike bk-5, bk-5214S2L leaves did not fall off completely and its stems did not break in windy conditions. We identified a missense mutation (C&gt;T) in the fifth exon of the candidate gene Zm00001d043477, resulting in an amino acid change from serine to leucine at position 214. A significant reduction in cell wall thickness in the leaf veins and stems of bk-5214S2L compared with the inbred line RP125. Among the major cell wall components in stems and leaves, total cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin were lower in bk-5214S2L than in RP125. We also evaluated the application value of bk-5214S2L silage and found that the detergent fiber contents of bk-5214S2L stems were significantly reduced compared with RP125, while the crude fiber, starch, and protein contents remained unchanged. The reduced tannin content improved the palatability of the silage for livestock.ConclusionOverall, bk-5214S2L, an allelic variant of bk-5, is a high-quality genetic resource for breeding forage and grain-feed maize.