bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characteristics and roles of extracellular vesicles released by epidermal keratinocytes
Authors: Than U.T.T. , Leavesley D.I. , Parker T.J. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractKeratinocytes, which constitute 90% of the cells in the epidermis of the skin, have been demonstrated to communicate with other skin cells such as fibroblasts, melanocytes and immune cells through extracellular vesicles (EVs). This communication is facilitated by the enriched EV biomolecular cargo which regulates multiple biological processes within skin tissue, including cell proliferation, cell migration, anti‐apoptosis, pigmentation transfer and extracellular matrix remodelling. This review will provide an overview of the current literature and advances in the field of keratinocyte‐derived EV research with particular regard to the interactions and communication between keratinocytes and other skin cells, mediated by EVs and EV components. Importantly, this information may shed some light on the potential for keratinocyte‐derived EVs in future biomedical studies.
Perceived Stress and Cognitive Decline in Chinese‐American Older Adults
Authors: Chen Yiwei , Liang Ying , Zhang Wei , Crawford Jennifer C. , Sakel Katie L. , Dong XinQi 
Published: August 2019

OBJECTIVESTo examine whether higher levels of perceived stress are associated with lower levels of cognitive function and faster cognitive decline in older Chinese‐American adults.DESIGNLongitudinal.SETTINGPopulation Study of Chinese Elderly in Chicago (PINE).PARTICIPANTSPINE is the largest population‐based epidemiological study of Chinese Americans aged 60 and older in the greater Chicago area. Wave 1 data were collected from 3,159 older adults during 2011 to 2013. Wave 2 data were collected from 2,713 older adults during 2013 to 2015.MEASUREMENTSIn addition to sociodemographic and health‐related variables, participants completed the Chinese Perceived Stress Scale and multiple cognitive tasks. Episodic memory was assessed using the East Boston Memory Tests, perceptual speed was assessed using the Symbol Digit Modalities Test, and working memory was assessed using the Digit Span Backwards.RESULTSControlling for sociodemographic and health‐related variables, mixed‐effects regression models showed that higher levels of perceived stress were associated with poorer episodic memory, perceptual speed, and working memory in older Chinese‐American adults but not with faster cognitive decline over an average 2‐year interval.CONCLUSIONThe present study is the first population‐based, longitudinal study to examine the relationships between perceived stress and cognitive decline in older Chinese‐American adults. It suggests the importance of researchers, social workers, and policy makers developing programs to reduce stress and improve cognitive function in older Chinese‐American adults. J Am Geriatr Soc 67:S519–S524, 2019.
Health Service Use Among Chinese American Older Adults: Is There a Somatization Effect?
Authors: Jiang Lin , Sun Fei , Zhang Wei , Wu Bei , Dong XinQi 
Published: August 2019

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVESSomatization of depressive symptoms among Chinese American older adults remains understudied. This study aimed to identify whether the relationship between depressive symptoms and use of health services (ie, doctor visits, hospital, and emergency department) could be due to pain and whether acculturation played a role in the relations among depressive symptoms, pain, and health service use.DESIGN AND PARTICIPANTSSecondary data came from the Population Study of Chinese Elderly in Chicago that surveyed 3159 Chinese community‐dwelling older adults in the greater Chicago area. The average age was 76.3 years (standard deviation = 8.4); 57.95% were female). Negative binominal models were used to identify the effects of depression and pain on each type of health service use, controlling for sociodemographics and health‐related factors (eg, chronic illness).MEASUREMENTSDepressive symptoms were assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire‐9; pain was assessed by self‐reported pain severity. Participants were classified into low, moderate, and high acculturation groups based on acculturation scores.RESULTSDepressive symptoms and pain were positively related to health service use on the bivariate level. For groups with both low and high acculturation levels, depression and pain each independently predicted more health service use, whereas for the group with a moderate acculturation level, the effect of somatization was substantialized.CONCLUSIONDepression largely influenced health service use independently and partially through pain for older Chinese Americans. The somatization tended to be only salient for the moderate acculturation group, calling for more research attention to the complicated effect of acculturation. J Am Geriatr Soc 67:S584–S589, 2019.
Depressive Symptoms and Onset of Functional Disability Over 2 Years: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Kong Dexia , Solomon Phyllis , Dong XinQi 
Published: August 2019

OBJECTIVESThis prospective cohort study examined the relationship between depressive symptoms and onset of functional disability over 2 years among US Chinese older adults, a rapidly growing minority older adult population.DESIGN AND SETTINGThis study used survey data from 2713 Chinese older adults who completed both baseline (2011‐2013) and follow‐up (2013‐2015) interviews of the Population Study of Chinese Elderly in Chicago. Depressive symptoms were assessed at baseline by the nine‐item Patient Health Questionnaire. Functional disability was measured by three validated scales, Katz Index of Independence in Activities of Daily Living (ADLs), the Lawton Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADLs) scale, and the Rosow and Breslau mobility scale. Multivariate logistic regression was conducted to examine the relationship between baseline depressive symptoms and the development of functional disability (ADLs, IADLs, mobility) at 2‐year follow‐up while adjusting for covariates.RESULTSOf the 2713 participants, 5.2% experienced ADL disability onset, 35.6% experienced IADL disability onset, and 23.3% experienced mobility disability onset over 2 years. After adjusting for covariates, the odds of ADL disability onset (odds ratio [OR] = 1.06; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.02‐1.11), IADL disability onset (OR = 1.05; 95% CI = 1.01‐1.09), and mobility disability onset (OR = 1.05; 95% CI = 1.01‐1.09) were consistently higher in US Chinese older adults with higher levels of depressive symptoms than their less‐depressed counterparts. Other significant risk factors included older age and more chronic physical conditions.CONCLUSIONStudy findings underscore a significant relationship between depressive symptoms and onset of functional disability. Screening and, subsequently, treating depressive symptoms have the potential to reduce disability among US Chinese older adults. Culturally relevant depressive symptom screening may help identify Chinese older adults who are at greater risks for the development of functional disability. J Am Geriatr Soc 67:S538–S544, 2019.
Perceived Stress, Social Support, and Dry Mouth Among US Older Chinese Adults
Authors: Mao Weiyu , Chen Yiwei , Wu Bei , Ge Shaoqing , Yang Wei , Chi Iris , Dong XinQi 
Published: August 2019

OBJECTIVESDry mouth is a common condition among older adults that negatively influences oral health, general health, and quality of life. The role of psychosocial factors in oral health conditions and diseases remains largely unknown. We conducted a study to examine the relationship between perceived stress and dry mouth among US older Chinese adults and further investigated the potential moderating role of social support and social strain from different sources in the relationship.DESIGNCross‐sectional analysis.SETTINGBaseline of the Population Study of Chinese Elderly in Chicago, a community‐engaged, population‐based longitudinal study of health and well‐being among community‐dwelling US older Chinese adults.PARTICIPANTSIndividuals 60 years or older (N = 3157).MEASUREMENTSPerceived stress was measured by the 10‐item Chinese Perceived Stress Scale to evaluate the degree to which life situations were perceived as stressful during the preceding month on a 5‐point scale, ranging from 0 (“never”) to 4 (“very often”). Dry mouth was a binary self‐reported outcome variable (1 = “dry mouth”). Social support was measured by the Health and Retirement Study's social support and strain scale from sources including spouse, other family members, and friends with a 3‐point response set, ranging from 0 (“hardly ever”) to 2 (“often”). Sociodemographics and disease processes were assessed as covariates. We conducted stepwise logistic regressions with interaction terms.RESULTSHaving higher levels of perceived stress was significantly associated with a higher likelihood of reporting dry mouth (odds ratio = 1.03; 95% confidence interval = 1.02‐1.04). The effect of perceived stress on dry mouth may vary by levels of family and friend support.CONCLUSIONPerceived stress may influence dry mouth either directly or indirectly. To prevent or reduce dry mouth, in addition to disease processes, interventions need to consider psychosocial factors in dry mouth, especially perceived stress and social support, in this growing population. J Am Geriatr Soc 67:S551–S556, 2019.
Life Course Violence: Child Maltreatment, IPV, and Elder Abuse Phenotypes in a US Chinese Population
Authors: Wang Bei , Dong XinQi 
Published: August 2019

OBJECTIVESTo examine the associations between violence experiences including phenotypes (psychological, physical/sexual abuse, financial exploitation, caregiver neglect) of child maltreatment (CM), intimate partner violence (IPV), and elder abuse (EA).DESIGNCross‐sectional data collected during 2011‐2013.SETTINGUS Chinese community in Chicago, Illinois.PARTICIPANTSA total of 3157 community‐dwelling older adults (aged ≥60 y).MEASUREMENTSCases of CM, IPV, and EA.RESULTSPrevalence of violence was 11.4% for CM (physical/sexual = 10.2%; psychological = 2.4%), 6.5% for IPV (psychological = 5.3%; physical/sexual = 2.8%), and 15.2% for EA (caregiver neglect = 11.2%; psychological = 9.8%; financial exploitation = 9.3%; physical/sexual = 1.2%). After adjusting for potential confounding variables, CM psychological was associated with increased risks for IPV psychological (odds ratio [OR] = 7.60; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 4.29‐13.45), IPV physical/sexual (OR = 4.06; CI = 1.71‐9.63), EA psychological (OR = 3.79; 95% CI = 2.20‐6.51), and EA financial exploitation (OR = 2.07; 95% CI = 1.12‐3.81). CM physical/sexual was associated with increased risks for IPV physical/sexual (OR = 1.86; 95% CI = 1.02‐3.38), EA psychological (OR = 1.70; 95% CI = 1.20‐2.42), and EA financial exploitation (OR = 2.38; 95% CI = 1.72‐3.30). IPV psychological and physical/sexual were associated with 5 to 8 times increased risks for EA psychological, 6 to 9 times increased risks for EA physical/sexual, and 3 times increased risks for EA financial exploitation.CONCLUSIONHealthcare professionals working with older adults should be informed that a history of violence might further predispose a person to different types of EA. The cumulative impact of violence should also be considered when providing services or care to violence victims. J Am Geriatr Soc 67:S486–S492, 2019.
A comparative multi‐site and whole‐body assessment of fascia in the horse and dog: a detailed histological investigation
Authors: Ahmed Waqas , Kulikowska Marta , Ahlmann Trine , Berg Lise C. , Harrison Adrian P. , Elbrønd Vibeke Sødring 
Published: August 2019

AbstractFascia in the veterinary sciences is drawing attention, such that physiotherapists and animal practitioners are now applying techniques based on the concept of fascia studies in humans. A comprehensive study of fascia is therefore needed in animals to understand the arrangement of the fascial layers in an unguligrade horse and a digitigrade dog. This study has examined the difference between the horse and the dog fascia at specific regions, in terms of histology, and has compared it with the human model. Histological examinations show that in general the fascia tissue of the horse exhibits a tight and dense composition, while in the dog it is looser and has non‐dense structure. Indeed, equine fascia appears to be different from both canine fascia and the human fascia model, whilst canine fascia is very comparable to the human model. Although regional variations were observed, the superficial fascia (fascia superficialis) in the horse was found to be trilaminar in the trunk, yet multilayered in the dog. Moreover, crimping of collagen fibers was more visible in the horse than the dog. Blood vessels and nerves were present in the loose areolar tissue of the superficial and the profound compartment of hypodermis. The deep fascia (fascia profunda) in the horse was thick and tightly attached to the underlying muscle, while in the dog the deep fascia was thin and loosely attached to underlying structures. Superficial and deep fascia fused in the extremities. In conclusion, gross dissection and histology have revealed species variations that are related to the absence or presence of the superficial adipose tissue, the retinacula cutis superficialis, the localization and amount of elastic fibers, as well as the ability to slide and glide between the different layers. Further research is now needed to understand in more detail whether these differences have an influence on the biomechanics, movements and proprioception of these animals.
Expression of endogenous phospholipase D1, localized in mouse submandibular gland, is greater in females and is suppressed by testosterone
Authors: Khrongyut Suthankamon , Polsan Yada , Sakaew Waraporn , Sawatpanich Tarinee , Banno Yoshiko , Nozawa Yoshinori , Kondo Hisatake , Hipkaeo Wiphawi 
Published: August 2019

AbstractTo clarify the signal transduction mechanism in the differentiation and secretion of salivary glandular cells, the present study was attempted to examine in the submandibular gland (SMG) of mice, the expression and localization of phospholipase D1 (PLD1), one of the important effector molecules working in response to the activation of intramembranous receptors by first messengers. In immunoblotting analysis, the expression of PLD1 was high at postnatal 4 weeks (P4W) and decreased at P8W, and it was at negligible levels at newborn stage (P0W) and postnatal 2 weeks (P2W). The expression of PLD1 was greater in females, and it was suppressed by administration of testosterone to female mice. In immuno‐light microscopy, immunoreactivity for PLD1 at P4W was moderate to intense, in the forms of dots and globules mainly in the apical domains of immature granular convoluted tubule (GCT)‐cells localized largely in the proximal portion of the female GCT. By P8W, it decreased in intensity and remained weak to moderate along the apical plasmalemma of cells throughout the course of the female GCT, whereas it was faint throughout the GCT of the male SMG at P4W and negligible at P8W. In immuno‐electron microscopy, immature GCT‐cells characterized by electron‐lucent granules were immunoreactive and the immunoreactive materials were deposited close to, but not within, those granules. Typical GCT cells, characterized by electron‐dense granules, were immunonegative. No significant immunoreaction for PLD1 was seen in acini of SMGs of either sex at any time point examined. It is suggested that PLD1 is involved in the signaling for secretion of immature GCT cells and influences differentiation of these cells, probably through their own secretory substances.
Stability and change of basic personal values in early adolescence: A 2‐year longitudinal study
Authors: Vecchione Michele , Schwartz Shalom H. , Davidov Eldad , Cieciuch Jan , Alessandri Guido , Marsicano Gilda 
Published: August 2019

AbstractObjectiveWe examined patterns of change and stability in the whole set of 10 Schwartz values over 2 years during early adolescence.MethodParticipants completed the Portrait Values Questionnaire repeatedly throughout the junior high school years. The study involved six waves of data and a total of 382 respondents aged 10 years at the first measurement occasion (43% female). We investigated multiple types of stability in the values: mean‐level, rank‐order, and ipsative stability.ResultsAt the mean‐level, self‐enhancement, and Openness to change values increased in importance. Self‐direction and hedonism values showed the greatest increase—about one‐third of a standard deviation. Conservation and self‐transcendence values did not change with the exception of tradition, which decreased slightly. After correcting for measurement error, rank‐order stability coefficients ranged from .39 (hedonism) to .77 (power). Correlations between value hierarchies measured 2 years apart were ≥.85 for 75% of respondents, and ≤.12 for 5% of the respondents. Thus only a small proportion of participants experienced a marked change in the relative importance they ascribed to the 10 values.ConclusionsResults are discussed and related to earlier findings on patterns and magnitude of value change during other periods of the life span.
Influencers of children's vegetable liking—A look from a social and cultural perspective
Authors: Estay Karinna , Lestringant Pauline , Pan Shuliang , Zhong Fang , Capitaine Chloé , Agosín Eduardo , Guinard Jean‐Xavier 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThis study examined how similar vegetable liking by children is to their peers', siblings', and mothers'. Three hundred and eighty‐four children (ages 5–12) and their mothers, from three countries—Chile, China, and the United States, tasted and rated 14 different vegetables for liking. To evaluate how children's vegetable liking varies with their social environment, we developed the degree of liking difference index, which is the sum of absolute differences between the likings of the child with the likings of a second person. Results suggest that country, child's age, and sensory modalities (appearance, aroma, taste and texture) are important factors that influence how much a child's vegetable liking resembles their mothers', peers', and siblings'. Children's vegetable liking resemblance with their family and peers was greatest in China, followed by the United States, and finally Chile. Children's vegetable liking was most similar to that of their siblings, followed by mothers, and finally peers, with similarity to all three groups tending to increase as children's ages increased.Practical applicationsIt is a key to understand how children's social environments influence their vegetable liking in order to develop successful strategies to increase vegetable consumption in childhood. This study analyzes the similarity of children vegetable liking with their mothers, siblings and peers. The results of this study suggest that future behavioral/intervention research should focus on using family to encourage children to eat vegetables.
Growth and Decline of Evangelicals, Fundamentalists, Pentecostals, and Charismatics in Switzerland 1970–2013
Authors: Stolz Jörg , Favre Olivier 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThis article describes and explains patterns of growth and decline undergone by evangelical, fundamentalist, and Pentecostal/Charismatic (EFPC) denominations in Switzerland from 1970 to 2013. We combine data from different censuses, membership registers of denominations, and a National Congregation Study (NCS) to establish and explain patterns of growth and decline. Our main results are that (1) the overall EFPC milieu has grown since the 1970s; (2) the growth is predominantly caused by a rather strong increase in membership of Pentecostal/Charismatic denominations. In contrast, evangelical denominations are overall rather stable, while fundamentalists seem to be in decline; (3) EFPC growth is not related to deprivation orientation, strictness, or socialization efforts, but to recruitment focus and spontaneity of ritual. We discuss these findings in the light of different theories.
The Hamburg meteorite fall: Fireball trajectory, orbit, and dynamics
Authors: Brown P. G. , Vida D. , Moser D. E. , Granvik M. , Koshak W. J. , Chu D. , Steckloff J. , Licata A. , Hariri S. , Mason J. , Mazur M. , Cooke W. , Krzeminski Z. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe Hamburg (H4) meteorite fell on 17 January 2018 at 01:08 UT approximately 10 km north of Ann Arbor, Michigan. More than two dozen fragments totaling under 1 kg were recovered, primarily from frozen lake surfaces. The fireball initial velocity was 15.83 ± 0.05 km s−1, based on four independent records showing the fireball above 50 km altitude. The radiant had a zenith angle of 66.14 ± 0.29° and an azimuth of 121.56 ± 1.2°. The resulting low inclination (<1°) Apollo‐type orbit has a large aphelion distance and Tisserand value relative to Jupiter (Tj) of ~3. Two major flares dominate the energy deposition profile, centered at 24.1 and 21.7 km altitude, respectively, under dynamic pressures of 5–7 MPa. The Geostationary Lightning Mapper on the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite‐16 also detected the two main flares and their relative timing and peak flux agree with the video‐derived brightness profile. Our preferred total energy for the Hamburg fireball is 2–7 T TNT (8.4–28 × 109 J), which corresponds to a likely initial mass in the range of 60–225 kg or diameter between 0.3 and 0.5 m. Based on the model of Granvik et al. (2018), the meteorite originated in an escape route from the mid to outer asteroid belt. Hamburg is the 14th known H chondrite with an instrumentally derived preatmospheric orbit, half of which have small (<5°) inclinations making connection with (6) Hebe problematic. A definitive parent body consistent with all 14 known H chondrite orbits remains elusive.
Cost evaluations in health professions education: a systematic review of methods and reporting quality
Authors: Foo Jonathan , Cook David A , Walsh Kieran , Golub Robert , Abdalla Mohamed Elhassan , Ilic Dragan , Maloney Stephen 
Published: August 2019

ContextHigh‐quality research into education costs can inform better decision making. Improvements to cost research can be guided by information about the research questions, methods and reporting of studies evaluating costs in health professions education (HPE). Our objective was to appraise the overall state of the field and evaluate temporal trends in the methods and reporting quality of cost evaluations in HPE research.MethodsWe searched the MEDLINE, CINAHL (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature), EMBASE, Business Source Complete and ERIC (Education Resources Information Centre) databases on 31 July 2017. To evaluate trends over time, we sampled research reports at 5‐year intervals (2001, 2006, 2011 and 2016). All original research studies in HPE that reported a cost outcome were included. The Medical Education Research Study Quality Instrument (MERSQI) and the BMJ economic checklist were used to appraise methodological and reporting quality, respectively. Trends in quality over time were analysed.ResultsA total of 78 studies were included, of which 16 were published in 2001, 15 in 2006, 20 in 2011 and 27 in 2016. The region most commonly represented was the USA (n = 43). The profession most commonly referred to was that of the physician (n = 46). The mean ± standard deviation (SD) MERSQI score was 10.9 ± 2.6 out of 18, with no significant change over time (p = 0.55). The mean ± SD BMJ score was 13.5 ± 7.1 out of 35, with no significant change over time (p = 0.39). A total of 49 (63%) studies stated a cost‐related research question, 23 (29%) stated the type of cost evaluation used, and 31 (40%) described the method of estimating resource quantities and unit costs. A total of 16 studies compared two or more interventions and reported both cost and learning outcomes.ConclusionsThe absolute number of cost evaluations in HPE is increasing. However, there are shortcomings in the quality of methodology and reporting, and these are not improving over time.