bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intraluminal Delivery of Simvastatin Attenuates Intimal Hyperplasia After Arterial Injury
Authors: Helkin Alex , Bruch David , Wilson David R. , Gruessner Angelika C. , Bader Rebecca R. , Maier Kristopher G. , Gahtan Vivian 
Published: April 2019

Introduction: Oral statins reduce intimal hyperplasia (IH) after arterial injury by only ∼25%. Alternative drug delivery systems have gained attention as carriers for hydrophobic drugs. We studied the effects of simvastatin (free vs hyaluronic acid-tagged polysialic acid–polycaprolactone micelles) on vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) migration, VSMC proliferation and intimal hyperplasia. We hypothesized both free and micelle containing simvastatin would inhibit VSMC chemotaxis and proliferation, and local statin treatment would be more effective than oral in reducing IH in rats following carotid balloon injury. Methods: VSMCs pretreated with free simvastatin (20 minutes or 20 hours) or simvastatin-loaded micelles underwent chemotaxis and proliferation to platelet-derived growth factor. Next, rats that underwent balloon injury of the common carotid artery received statin therapy—intraluminal simvastatin-loaded micelles prior to injury, periadventitial pluronic gel following injury, or combinations of gel, micelle, and oral simvastatin. After 14 days, morphometric analysis determined the –intimal to medial ratio. Findings were compared to controls receiving oral simvastatin or no statin therapy. Statistical analysis was by analysis of variance for the in vitro experiments and a factorial general linear model for the in vivo experiments. Results: The simvastatin-loaded micelles and free simvastatin inhibited VSMC chemotaxis (54%-60%). IH was induced in all injured vessels. Simvastatin in pluronic gel or micelles reduced IH compared to untreated controls (0.208 ± 0.04 or 0.160 ± 0.03 vs 0.350 ± 0.03, respectively); however, neither gel nor simvastatin-loaded micelles were superior to oral statins (0.261 ± 0.03). Addition of oral statins or combining both local therapies did not provide additional benefit. Micelles were the single greatest contributing factor in IH attenuation. Conclusions: Intraluminally or topically delivered statins reduced IH. The efficacy of single-dose, locally delivered statin alone may lead to novel treatments to prevent IH. The different routes of administration may allow for treatment during endovascular procedures, without the need for systemic therapy.
Par-4 overexpression impedes leukemogenesis in the Eµ-TCL1 leukemia model through downregulation of NF-κB signaling
Authors: Greene J. T. , Mani Rajeswaran , Ramaswamy Rahul , Frissora Frank , Yano Max , Zapolnik Kevan , Harrington Bonnie , Wasmuth Ronni , Tran Minh , Mo Xiaokui , McKenna Mary , Rangnekar Vivek M. , Byrd John C. , Bondada Subbarao , Muthusamy Natarajan 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Prostate apoptosis response 4 (Par-4) is a tumor suppressor that prevents proliferation and induces cell death in several solid tumors. However, its role in B-cell malignancies has not been elucidated. To describe the role of Par-4 in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) pathogenesis, we developed a B-cell–specific human Par-4–overexpressing mouse model of CLL using the TCL1 leukemia model. While Par-4 transgenic mice did not display any obvious defects in B-cell development or function, disease burden as evidenced by abundance of CD19+CD5+ B cells in the peripheral blood was significantly reduced in Par-4 × TCL1 mice compared with TCL1 littermates. This conferred a survival advantage on the Par-4–overexpressing mice. In addition, a B-cell–specific knockout model displayed the opposite effect, where lack of Par-4 expression resulted in accelerated disease progression and abbreviated survival in the TCL1 model. Histological and flow cytometry–based analysis of spleen and bone marrow upon euthanasia revealed comparable levels of malignant B-cell infiltration in Par-4 × TCL1 and TCL1 individuals, indicating delayed but pathologically normal disease progression in Par-4 × TCL1 mice. In vivo analysis of splenic B-cell proliferation by 5-ethynyl-2-deoxyuridine incorporation indicated &gt;50% decreased expansion of CD19+CD5+ cells in Par-4 × TCL1 mice compared with TCL1 littermates. Moreover, reduced nuclear p65 levels were observed in Par-4 × TCL1 splenic B cells compared with TCL1, suggesting suppressed NF-κB signaling. These findings have identified an in vivo antileukemic role for Par-4 through an NF-κB–dependent mechanism in TCL1-mediated CLL-like disease progression.
Quantitative pancreatic MRI: a pathology-based review
Authors: Chouhan Manil D , Firmin Louisa , Read Samantha , Amin Zahir , Taylor Stuart A 
Published: April 2019

MRI plays an important role in the clinical management of pancreatic disorders and interpretation is reliant on qualitative assessment of anatomy. Conventional sequences capturing pancreatic structure can however be adapted to yield quantitative measures which provide more diagnostic information, with a view to increasing diagnostic accuracy, improving patient stratification, providing robust non-invasive outcome measures for therapeutic trials and ultimately personalizing patient care.
In this review, we evaluate the use of established techniques such as secretin-enhanced MR cholangiopancreatography, diffusion-weighted imaging, T 1, T 2* and fat fraction mapping, but also more experimental methods such as MR elastography and arterial spin labelling, and their application to the assessment of diffuse pancreatic disease (including chronic, acute and autoimmune pancreatitis/IgG4 disease, metabolic disease and iron deposition disorders) and cystic/solid focal pancreatic masses. Finally, we explore some of the broader challenges to their implementation and future directions in this promising area.
Influence of the incorporation of a lead foil to intraoral digital receptors on the image quality and root fracture diagnosis
Authors: Farias Gomes Amanda , Nejaim Yuri , Fontenele Rocharles Cavalcante , Haiter-Neto Francisco , Freitas Deborah Queiroz 
Published: April 2019

Objective: To evaluate the quality of images obtained with the addition of a lead foil to intraoral digital receptors. Methods: Radiographic images of 34 single-rooted human teeth - 19 with vertical root fracture (VRF) and 15 of the control group - were obtained with and without the addition of a lead foil, using the VistaScan, Express, Digora Optime and Digora Toto systems. Images were evaluated by five observers regarding the diagnosis of VRF, using a 5-point scale. In a second moment, an observer preference analysis related to the presence of the lead foil was performed. Images of an acrylic phantom were also obtained with and without the addition of a lead foil, and the quantities of uniformity, grey value and standard deviation of grey values were obtained. Results: There were no significant differences in the VRF diagnostic values, considering the presence of the lead foil. Regarding the image quality preference, the observers preferred images acquired with the lead foil for all systems tested, but with greater values for Digora Optime (61.33%) and Express (61.33%). The presence of the lead foil did influence the image uniformity in all systems tested ( p < 0.05). Moreover, the lead foil increased the mean of grey values for Digora Optime and Express images ( p < 0.05), however it did not influence the SD in any of the digital systems ( p > 0.05). Conclusion: The addition of a lead foil to intraoral digital receptors produces a positive effect in the image quality objectively detected by means of uniformity and subjective visual preference.
An Academic Research Coach: An Innovative Approach to Increasing Scholarly Productivity in Medicine
Authors: McKinney Christy M , Mookherjee Somnath , Fihn Stephan D , Gallagher Thomas H 
Published: April 2019

BACKGROUNDAcademic faculty who devote most of their time to clinical work often struggle to engage in meaningful scholarly work. They may be disadvantaged by limited research training and limited time. Simply providing senior mentors and biostatistical support has limited effectiveness.OBJECTIVEWe aimed to increase productivity in scholarly work of hospitalists and internal medicine physicians by integrating an Academic Research Coach into a robust faculty development program.DESIGNThis was a pre‐post quality improvement evaluation.SETTINGThis was conducted at the University of Washington in faculty across three academic‐affiliated hospitals and 10 academic‐affiliated clinics.PARTICIPANTSParticipants were hospitalists and internists on faculty in the Division of General Internal Medicine at the University of Washington.INTERVENTIONThe coach was a 0.50 full time equivalent health services researcher with strong research methods, project implementation, and interpersonal skills. The coach consulted on research, quality improvement, and other scholarship.MEASUREMENTSWe assessed the number of faculty supported, types of services provided, and numbers of grants, papers, and abstracts submitted and accepted.RESULTSThe coach consulted with 49 general internal medicine faculty including 30 hospitalists who conducted 63 projects. The coach supported 13 publications, 11 abstracts, four grant submissions, and seven manuscript reviews. Forty‐eight faculty in other departments benefited as co‐authors.CONCLUSIONEmploying a dedicated health services researcher as part of a faculty development program is an effective way to engage clinically oriented faculty in meaningful scholarship. Key aspects of the program included an accessible and knowledgeable coach and an ongoing marketing strategy.
Disproportionality in NHS Disciplinary Proceedings
Authors: Archibong Uduak , Kline Roger , Eshareturi Cyril , McIntosh Bryan 
Published: April 2019

Background/Aims This article investigates the representation of black, Asian and minority ethnic staff in NHS disciplinary proceedings. Methods The study involved an in-depth knowledge review and analysis of literature on the representation of black, Asian and minority ethnic staff in NHS disciplinary proceedings from 2008 to 2017, as well as semi-structured interviews with 15 key stakeholders. Participants were stakeholders from both primary and secondary care and included equality and diversity leads, human resource professionals, NHS service managers, representatives of trade unions and health professional regulatory council representatives. Findings The knowledge review indicates that to date, black, Asian and minority ethnic staff are disproportionately represented in NHS disciplinary proceedings. Evidence gathered demonstrates the continuation of inappropriate individual disciplinary action and failure to address organisational shortcomings against black, Asian and minority ethnic members of staff. Conclusions Overall, six factors were identified as underpinning the disproportionate representation of black minority ethnic staff in disciplinaries: closed culture and climate; subjective attitudes and behaviour; inconclusive disciplinary data; unfair decision making; poor disciplinary support; and disciplinary policy misapplication.
Navigating the Maze of Data: Promoting Quality and Effectiveness in Allied Health
Authors: Bishop Amanda , Brott Tamzin 
Published: April 2019

Background/Aims The allied health service is department based rather than dedicated to a particular ward or specialty and use different data collection modalities to nursing colleagues. This results in allied health data sitting in isolation in multiple systems with no way to integrate data sets. This study aims to support quality improvement initiatives, population health management and innovation in the clinical space, create a transparent environment that seeks to engage staff, challenge assumptions and add value service delivery for patients. Methods The dashboard content was developed through discussions with key stakeholders to identify key performance indicators and appropriate measures before being developed. The dashboard was then presented in a test environment and modified to meet the end user requirements. Findings The dashboard is a highly visual way of displaying information for allied health professionals. Conclusion The dashboard provides knowledge on service development opportunities, supports strategic and clinical decision making, allocates staff and raises the profile of allied health. The dashboard will also meet staff requests with demonstrating what happens to their daily statistical data in an easily viewable method.
Treating the effects of bruxism with botulinum toxin type A: an overview
Authors: HALL BETH 
Published: April 2019

This article aims to establish the effectiveness of Botulinum Toxin Type A (BoNTA) in treating the effects of bruxism in adults. It will also establish the necessity for treating patients holistically and the requirements for practitioners who do offer, or are thinking of offering, this treatment to have a thorough and sound understanding of several key considerations. This article will also aim to establish best practice guidance for those undertaking the procedure, as well as identify who a suitable candidate for this procedure may be. Side effects and/or contraindications associated with this procedure will also be considered, as well as typical duration for results and the optimal time to retreat.
Comparing and contrasting body-dysmorphic disorder and eating disorders
Authors: GORBIS EDA , JAMERO JUSTINE 
Published: April 2019

The medical aesthetics sector is very often associated with ideas of body image and self-perception. It is important that aesthetic practitioners have a sound knowledge of mental health disorders that may affect their patients or drive individuals to seek aesthetic treatment. In this article, Eda Gorbis and Justine Jamero compare some of these disorders and consider the implications for aesthetic practitoners Body-dysmorphic disorder (BDD) and eating disorders (EDs) are psychiatric disorders concerned with negative body image and similar repetitive behaviours, such as checking and reassurance-seeking, that impair cognitive, social and occupational functioning. Though BDD and EDs share common core characteristics, they are unique disorders that must be differentiated, as they require different treatment plans. BDD, anorexia nervosa, binge-eating disorder and bulimia nervosa will be reviewed in this article to address diagnostic criteria, prevalence rates, onset and common characteristics. Similarities, differences and comorbidities of BDD and EDs will be explored and discussed in terms of treatment implications. Treatment recommendations include medical treatment, psychoeducation, nutritional management, cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) and psychopharmacology.
ANÁLISE DE METAIS-TRAÇOS EM SEDIMENTOS DA APA DO PRATIGI, BAHIA
Authors: Mascarenhas Renata Barreto , Aragão Iara Rocha , Reis Plínio , Bomfim Taíse de Jesus 
Published: April 2019

Na APA do Pratigi, Sul da Bahia, pontua-se como uso do solo, atividades agrícolas, pequenas hidrelétricas e piscicultura. Este trabalho analisou as concentrações de Cu, Pb, Cr, Zn e Ni nos sedimentos da Bacia do Rio Juliana. Revelou-se que existe uma grande variação entre as concentrações de metais-traços encontradas ao longo da bacia analisada e que esta variação pode ser explicada pelo uso do solo ao entorno dos pontos de amostragem, além da geomorfologia da região. Porém, apenas as concentrações de Cr apontaram uma possível contaminação do sedimento, que pode ser proveniente do uso de defensivos agrícolas, à base de Cr, em grande escala. Assim, os gestores da APA podem propor medidas mitigadoras para áreas com concentrações significativas de Cr, e no ambiente, livres de atividade antrópicas, que apresentou melhor qualidade ambiental, em relação às concentrações de metais-traços, pode ser útil como um ambiente referencial para sedimentos da Mata Atlântica.
Biomorfometrik Kepiting Bakau (Scylla sp.) Hasil Tangkapan di Perairan Semarang Guna Menunjang Konservasi Sumberdaya Hayati
Authors: Hardiyanti Anggun Sri , Sunaryo Sunaryo , Riniatsih Ita , Santoso Adi 
Published: April 2019

Kepiting bakau (Scylla sp.) merupakan komoditas perikanan yang memiliki nilai ekonomi tinggi. Permintaan terhadap komoditas kepiting dari tahun ke tahun cenderung meningkat, sehingga dalam memenuhi semua permintaan ini seluruhnya berasal dari hasil tangkapan di alam, yaitu sebesar 70% dan banyaknya penangkapan kepiting bakau tanpa memperhatikan ukuran yang layak tangkap. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji biomorfometrik kepiting bakau, meliputi jumlah, distribusi, nisbah kelamin, hubungan lebar karapas dan berat, faktor kondisi dan tingkat kematangan gonad. Penelitian menggunakan metode deskriptif eksploratif. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Mei – Juni 2017 di kawasan perairan Semarang, yaitu di Mangkang Wetan, Tapak, Tanah Mas dan Tambak Lorok. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, bahwa jumlah kepiting bakau yang diamati sebanyak 616 ekor, terdiri atas 362 betina (58,77%) dan 254 jantan (41,23%), perbandingan betina dan jantan 1,43 : 1. Ukuran lebar karapas berkisar antara 47,05 - 132,56 mm dengan berat berkisar antara 33,02 - 513,09 g. Hubungan lebar karapas dengan berat bersifat allometrik negatif dan positif. Nilai faktor kondisi yang didapatkan berkisar 1,368 – 9,752. Tingkat kematangan gonad kepiting betina maupun jantan didominasi oleh TKG II dan III, dengan demikian diduga pada bulan Mei – Juni di perairan Semarang sedang terjadi masa pemijahan. Biomorphometry of Mangrove Crab (Scylla sp.) Catched in SemarangMangrove crab (Scylla sp.) is one of the fishery commodities that have high economic value. The demand for crab commodity from year to year tends to increase, in order to fulfilling all these demands almost all of them come from the catch in nature that is equal to 70%, and this led to the occurrence of a lot of mangrove crab catching regardless of the size of the catch. This study aimed to examine the biomorphometric of mangrove crab, which includes the composition, sex ratio distribution, widht and weight relation, condition factors and gonad maturity level. The descriptive explorative methods was used in this research. This research was conducted from May - June 2017 in the Semarang waters included Mangkang Wetan, Tapak, Tanah Mas and Tambak Lorok. The results showed that the composition of mangrove crab were 616, consist of 362 females (58,77%) and 254 males (41,23%), with the comparison of female and male ratio of 1,43 : 1. The size of the obtained carapace width ranged from 47,05 - 132,56 mm with the size of the weight ranged from 33,02 – 512,09 g. The relations between width and weight of caparace indicated allometric. The value of the obtained condition factor ranged from 1,368 – 9,752. Gonad maturity level of male and female mangrove crab was dominated by TKG II and III, because the research location was in the spawning period.
Logam Berat Anthropogenik Pb dan Cu pada Lapisan Sedimen Permukaan dan Dasar Muara Sungai di Kota Semarang, Jawa Tengah Indonesia
Authors: Suryono Chrisna Adhi , Pratikto Ibnu , Rusmaharani Ajeng 
Published: April 2019

Semarang coastal areas as specially on river down stream have been develop to industrial, dumpping areas and human settlement. Its will be caused increasing sedimentation and anthropogenic heavy metals accumulation in sediments. In order to assess Pb, and Cu on diferent layers of sediments on three down stream rivers on Semarang, samples of surface and bed sediment were collected for analyzed by ICPMS. The result showed that the heavy metal of Pb on bed layer was higher than Pb on surface sediment, on the other hand Cu on surface sediment was higher than Cu on bed sediments. Unfraternally the heavy metal concentration on surface and beds sediments they do not correlation with totals organic carbon and combination silt and clay in sediment on three down stream rivers on Semarang. Wilayah pesisir Semarang terutama di daerah muara sungai telah berkembang menjadi kawasan industri, penimbunan dan hunian. Hal tersebut menyebabkan peningkatan sedimentasi dan akumulasi antropogenik logam berat dalam sedimen. Untuk mengetahui logam berat Pb dan Cu dalam permukaan dan dasar sedimen di tiga muara sungai Semarang. Maka sampel pada permukaan dan dasar sedimen diambil dan dianalisa dengan ICPMS. Hasil pengukuran menunjukan bahwa konsentrasi logam Pb pada lapisan dasar lebih tinggi dari pada lapisan permukaan sedimen, sebaliknya konsentrasi logam Cu pada lapisan permukaan lebih tinggi dari pada lapisan dasar sedimen. Namun keseluruhan antropogenik logam berat Pb dan Cu pada lapisan permukaan maupun bawah sedimen tidak ada korelasinya dengan kandungan total bahan organik karbon dan kombinasi antara silt dan clay dalam sedimen di ketiga mura sungai di Semarang.
Aktivitas Cesium (137Cs) Di Perairan Hutan Mangrove Karangsong, Kabupaten Indramayu
Authors: Muslim Muslim , Prihatiningsih Wahyu Retno , Prasojo Adhi , Marwoto Jarot , Purwanto Purwanto 
Published: April 2019

The mangrove forest in Karangsong-Indramayu has been selected as a central mangrove forest for western Indonesia, in addition to a marine ecotourism destination. This condition with more visitors stimulates increase in organic carbon content in this water, which has the ability to bind to polluting elements, such as heavy metals and radionuclides. The purpose of this study is to understand the factors that effect 137Cs levels activities in Karangsong waters of Indramayu. To understand which factors effect 137Cs levels, we collected water quality which has the ability to bind to polluting elements data including temperature, salinity, DO, pH, depth and current speed. The result showed that the 137Cs activities ranged 0.07-1.01 mBq/L with an average of 0.589 mBq/L. This value is higher than 137Cs activities in ITF (Indonesian Through Flow) which had value 0.274 mBq/L. The higher 137Cs activities in Karangsong waters were caused by the presence of mangrove forest that effect the high levels of organic carbon rather than water quality that show relative homogeny in all stations.Perairan pantai Karangsong, Kabupaten Indramayu telah dijadikan sebagai pusat mangrove di bagian barat Indonesia, disamping sebagai eko wisata bahari. Kondisi tersebut tentunya akan meningkatkan kandungan karbon organik di perairan tersebut yang mempunyai kemampuan kuat untuk mengikat unsur-unsur pencemar seperti logam berat dan radionuklida. Tujuan penelitian ini ingin mengetahui tingkat aktivitas 137Cs di perairan Karangsong, Indramayu. Untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi tingkat aktivitas 137Cs di perairan Karangsong, maka dianalisa beberapa parameter kualitas air seperti suhu, salinitas, DO, pH, kedalaman dan kecepatan arus. Hasil analisa menunjukkan aktivitas 137Cs adalah 0,07-1,01 mBq/L, dengan nilai rata-rata 0,589 mBq/L. Nilai tersebut lebih tinggi dari nilai 137Cs di ARLINDO (Arus Lintas Indonesia) yang nilai rata-ratanya 0,274 mBq/L. Tingginya aktivitas 137Cs tersebut lebih dipengaruhi dari adanya hutan mangrove yang menyebabkan tingginya bahan karbon organik dari pada pengaruh kualitas perairan yang relatif seragam.