bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Overexpression of S100A14 contributes to malignant progression and predicts poor prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Ding Fang , Wang Di , Li Xu‐Kun , Yang Lin , Liu Hui‐Ying , Cui Wei , Liu Zhi‐Hua , Che Yi‐Qun 
Published: May 2018

BackgroundS100A14 is a member of the S100 calcium‐binding protein family that exerts important phenotypic effects on cell proliferation, apoptosis, differentiation, and motility. However, the functional role and potential clinical significance of S100A14 in lung adenocarcinoma has not yet been clarified.MethodsWe analyzed genomic alterations of S100A14 using The Cancer Genome Atlas lung adenocarcinoma genomic dataset. S100A14 displayed significant copy number amplification in lung adenocarcinoma. We detected S100A14 expression in lung adenocarcinoma and analyzed the correlation between S100A14 expression and clinicopathological characteristics.ResultsImmunohistochemical analysis showed that S100A14 expression was obviously upregulated in lung adenocarcinoma tissues compared to matched normal counterparts. Statistical analysis revealed that S100A14 expression strongly correlated with poor differentiation, metastasis, stage, smoking, and EGFR mutation. Furthermore, our data indicated that S100A14 serum levels were higher in lung adenocarcinoma patients than healthy controls. Intriguingly, S100A14 serum levels were related to distant metastasis (P = 0.028). High S100A14 expression was significantly associated with overall (P = 0.0016) and post progression (P = 0.039) survival. In addition, we investigated the biological functions of S100A14 in lung adenocarcinoma cell lines. The results demonstrated that S100A14 promoted cell migration and invasion of SPCA1 and Glc‐82 cells.ConclusionsS100A14 increases the motility of lung adenocarcinoma cells, and might be a diagnostic and prognostic serum biomarker and potential therapeutic target for lung adenocarcinoma.
Australian recommendations for the integration of emergency care for older people: Consensus Statement
Authors: Lowthian Judy A , Arendts Glenn , Strivens Edward 
Published: May 2018

ObjectivesManagement of older patients during acute illness or injury does not occur in isolation in emergency departments. We aimed to develop a collaborative Consensus Statement to enunciate principles of integrated emergency care.MethodsBriefing notes, informed by research and evidence reviews, were developed and evaluated by a Consensus Working Party comprising cross‐specialty representation from clinical experts, service providers, consumers and policymakers. The Consensus Working Party then convened to discuss and develop the statement's content. A subcommittee produced a draft, which was reviewed and edited by the Consensus Working Party.ResultsConsensus was reached after three rounds of discussion, with 12 principles and six recommendations for how to follow these principles, including an integrated care framework for action.ConclusionDissemination will encourage stakeholders and associated policy bodies to embrace the principles and priorities for action, potentially leading to collaborative work practices and improvement of care during and after acute illness or injury.
Food knowledge and psychological state predict adherence to a gluten‐free diet in a survey of 5310 Australians and New Zealanders with coeliac disease
Authors: Halmos E. P. , Deng M. , Knowles S. R. , Sainsbury K. , Mullan B. , Tye‐Din J. A. 
Published: May 2018

SummaryBackgroundA gluten‐free diet treats coeliac disease, but its efficacy depends on strict adherence. A variety of patient factors may influence adherence but have not been well described at a population level.AimTo comprehensively assess the patient factors that influence gluten‐free diet adherence in patients with coeliac disease.MethodsPatients with coeliac disease completed an online survey comprising the validated Celiac Dietary Adherence Test in addition to data on demographics, details of diagnosis and management and assessment of diet knowledge, quality of life and psychological distress. Survey data were analysed for predictors of adherence and quality of life.ResultsOf 7393 responses, 5310 completed the Celiac Dietary Adherence Test and 3230 (61%) were adherent to a gluten‐free diet. Multivariate regression showed older age, being male, symptoms after gluten ingestion, better food knowledge and lower risk of psychological distress were independent predictors of adherence (each P ≤ 0.008). Additionally, dietary adherence was associated with better quality of life (P < 0.001; multiple regression). Respondents who considered themselves to have poor food knowledge were more likely to incorrectly identify gluten‐free foods, but could still recognise gluten‐containing foods, suggesting that poor knowledge may lead to over‐restriction of diet.ConclusionsPoor knowledge of a gluten‐free diet and psychological wellbeing were independent modifiable risk factors for inadequate adherence to a gluten‐free diet in patients with coeliac disease. Involvement of both a dietitian and mental health care professional, in the presence of psychological distress, is likely to be necessary to improve adherence and health outcomes.
Oral Immunosuppressive Treatment of Myasthenia Gravis in Denmark: A Nationwide Drug Utilization Study, 1996–2013
Authors: Pedersen Emil Greve , Hallas Jesper , Pottegård Anton , Hald Stine Munk , Jensen Poul Erik Hyldgaard , Gaist David 
Published: May 2018

AbstractAlthough immunosuppressants in the treatment of myasthenia have been available for several decades, population‐based studies describing drug utilization in myasthenia patients are scarce. We aimed in this study to describe the treatment of myasthenia in Denmark in more recent years with emphasis on use of oral immunosuppressant agents. We identified a nationwide cohort of incident myasthenia patients in Denmark from 1996 to 2013 and tracked their use of drugs over the entire period using data from nationwide registers. Patients with myasthenia were classified according to utilization of specific immunosuppressants (e.g. prednisolone) as ‘never user’ or ‘ever user’. We used Kaplan–Meier (K‐M) and proportion of patients covered (PPC) curves to describe treatment onset and termination. We identified 928 patients (52% female) with incident myasthenia in the study period. Overall, 638 (69%) were treated with prednisolone and 506 (55%) with azathioprine. Treatment with prednisolone and azathioprine within 2 years of myasthenia diagnosis was initiated in 462 (56%) and 366 (45%). Only one of four myasthenia patients (n = 231) did not receive oral immunosuppressive treatment at any time in the study period. Prednisolone was stopped in most patients, whereas treatment with azathioprine was often continued throughout follow‐up. In conclusion, we found that treatment of myasthenia in Denmark in recent years corresponded well to the expected clinical course of myasthenia and that most patients underwent long‐term immunosuppression.
Cognitive training for technical and non‐technical skills in robotic surgery: a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Raison Nicholas , Ahmed Kamran , Abe Takashige , Brunckhorst Oliver , Novara Giacomo , Buffi Nicolò , McIlhenny Craig , van der Poel Henk , van Hemelrijck Mieke , Gavazzi Andrea , Dasgupta Prokar 
Published: May 2018

ObjectiveTo investigate the effectiveness of motor imagery (MI) for technical skill and non‐technical skill (NTS) training in minimally invasive surgery (MIS).Subjects and MethodsA single‐blind, parallel‐group randomised controlled trial was conducted at the Vattikuti Institute of Robotic Surgery, King's College London. Novice surgeons were recruited by open invitation in 2015. After basic robotic skills training, participants underwent simple randomisation to either MI training or standard training. All participants completed a robotic urethrovesical anastomosis task within a simulated operating room. In addition to the technical task, participants were required to manage three scripted NTS scenarios. Assessment was performed by five blinded expert surgeons and a NTS expert using validated tools for evaluating technical skills [Global Evaluative Assessment of Robotic Skills (GEARS)] and NTS [Non‐Technical Skills for Surgeons (NOTSS)]. Quality of MI was assessed using a revised Movement Imagery Questionnaire (MIQ).ResultsIn all, 33 participants underwent MI training and 29 underwent standard training. Interrater reliability was high, Krippendorff's α = 0.85. After MI training, the mean (sd) GEARS score was significantly higher than after standard training, at 13.1 (3.25) vs 11.4 (2.97) (P = 0.03). There was no difference in mean NOTSS scores, at 25.8 vs 26.4 (P = 0.77). MI training was successful with significantly higher imagery scores than standard training (mean MIQ score 5.1 vs 4.5, P = 0.04).ConclusionsMotor imagery is an effective training tool for improving technical skill in MIS even in novice participants. No beneficial effect for NTS was found.
Architecture, deformation style and petrophysical properties of growth fault systems: the Late Triassic deltaic succession of southern Edgeøya (East Svalbard)
Authors: Ogata Kei , Mulrooney Mark J. , Braathen Alvar , Maher Harmon , Osmundsen Per Terje , Anell Ingrid , Smyrak‐Sikora Aleksandra Anna , Balsamo Fabrizio 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe Late Triassic outcrops on southern Edgeøya, East Svalbard, allow a multiscale study of syn‐sedimentary listric growth faults located in the prodelta region of a regional prograding system. At least three hierarchical orders of growth faults have been recognized, each showing different deformation mechanisms, styles and stratigraphic locations of the associated detachment interval. The faults, characterized by mutually influencing deformation envelopes over space‐time, generally show SW‐ to SE‐dipping directions, indicating a counter‐regional trend with respect to the inferred W‐NW directed progradation of the associated delta system. The down‐dip movement is accommodated by polyphase deformation, with the different fault architectural elements recording a time‐dependent transition from fluidal‐hydroplastic to ductile‐brittle deformation, which is also conceptually scale‐dependent, from the smaller‐ (3rd order) to the larger‐scale (1st order) end‐member faults respectively. A shift from distributed strain to strain localization towards the fault cores is observed at the meso to microscale (<1 mm), and in the variation in petrophysical parameters of the litho‐structural facies across and along the fault envelope, with bulk porosity, density, pore size and microcrack intensity varying accordingly to deformation and reworking intensity of inherited structural fabrics. The second‐ and third‐order listric fault nucleation points appear to be located above blind fault tip‐related monoclines involving cemented organic shales. Close to planar, through‐going, first‐order faults cut across this boundary, eventually connecting with other favourable lower‐hierarchy fault to create seismic‐scale fault zones similar to those imaged in the nearby offshore areas. The inferred large‐scale driving mechanisms for the first‐order faults are related to the combined effect of tectonic reactivation of deeper Palaeozoic structures in a far field stress regime due to the Uralide orogeny, and differential compaction associated with increased sand sedimentary input in a fine‐grained, water‐saturated, low‐accommodation, prodeltaic depositional environment. In synergy to this large‐scale picture, small‐scale causative factors favouring second‐ and third‐order faulting seem to be related to mechanical‐rheological instabilities related to localized shallow diagenesis and liquidization fronts.
Community composition and diversity of Neotropical root‐associated fungi in common and rare trees
Authors: Schroeder John W. , Martin Jessica T. , Angulo Diego F. , Barbosa Jomar M. , Perea Ramón , Arias‐Del Razo Itzel , Sebastián‐González Esther , Dirzo Rodolfo 
Published: May 2018

AbstractInteractions between plants and root‐associated fungi can affect the assembly, diversity, and relative abundances of tropical plant species. Host–symbiont compatibility and some degree of host specificity are prerequisites for these processes to occur, and these prerequisites may vary with host abundance. However, direct assessments of whether specificity of root‐associated fungi varies with host abundance are lacking. Here, in a diverse tropical forest in Los Tuxtlas, Mexico, we couple DNA metabarcoding with a sampling design that controls for host phylogeny, host age, and habitat variation, to characterize fungal communities associated with the roots of three confamilial pairs of host species that exhibit contrasting (high and low) relative abundances. We uncovered a functionally and phylogenetically diverse fungal community composed of 1,038 OTUs (operational taxonomic units with 97% genetic similarity), only 14 of which exhibited host specificity. Host species was a significant predictor of fungal community composition only for the subset of OTUs composed of putatively pathogenic fungi. We found no significant difference in the number of specialists associating with common versus rare trees, but we found that host abundance was negatively correlated with the diversity of root fungal communities. This latter result was significant for symbiotrophs (mostly arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi) and, to a lesser extent, for pathotrophs (mostly plant pathogens). Thus, root fungal communities differ between common and rare trees, which may impact the strength of conspecific negative density dependence. Further studies from other tropical sites and host lineages are warranted, given the role of root‐associated fungi in biodiversity maintenance.
There is no place like @home!: The value of home consultations in paediatric rehabilitation
Authors: van Maren‐Suir I. , Ketelaar M. , Brouns B. , van der Sanden K. , Verhoef M. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractBackgroundFamily‐centred services (FCS) is widely regarded as the best practice approach in early interventions. Creating a therapeutic environment, which also stimulates collaboration between parents and service professionals, is a way to conform to the principles of FCS. The present paper describes the project entitled @home, involving the implementation of home consultations by a specialized team working with children aged 0–5 years at our rehabilitation centre in the Netherlands. The objectives of this article are to (a) describe the development and implementation of home consultations as part of regular care and (b) share the experiences of parents and service providers with home consultations.MethodThe implementation process was divided into 3 steps: (1) interviewing experts, (2) adjusting current rehabilitation trajectories, and (3) service providers offering consultations to children at home. The experiences with the home consultations were immediately incorporated in the system, making the implementation an iterative process.ResultsIn 82% of the 133 home conducted consultations, the service professionals reported that it was more valuable to offer home consultations than seeing the child at the rehabilitation centre. The semistructured interviews revealed that parents and service providers found that they received and provided more tailored advice, perceived a more equal partnership between service professionals and parents, and reported that the home consultations provided a good natural therapeutic environment where a child can be itself and where the child performs best.ConclusionBy using the @home system based on the 3 service models, home consultations are now part of the regular paediatric rehabilitation system at our rehabilitation centre.
Effects of treatment with an angiotensin 2 receptor blocker and/or vitamin D3 on parathyroid hormone and aldosterone: A randomized, placebo‐controlled trial
Authors: Bislev Lise Sofie , Langagergaard Rødbro Lene , Nørgaard Bech Jesper , Bjerregaard Pedersen Erling , Rolighed Lars , Sikjær Tanja , Rejnmark Lars 
Published: May 2018

SummaryObjectiveEmerging evidence supports a positive, bidirectional and clinical relevant interaction between parathyroid hormone (PTH) and the renin‐angiotensin‐aldosterone‐system (RAAS). A beneficial effect of the widely used RAAS inhibitors might include a PTH‐lowering effect, as high PTH levels may be harmful to cardiovascular health. We aimed to investigate whether PTH levels are lowered by short‐term treatment with an angiotensin 2 receptor blocker (valsartan) independently of coadministration of vitamin D3. Secondary end‐points included effects on blood pressure, cardiac conduction and concentrations of renin and aldosterone.Design and MethodsIn a double‐blind placebo‐controlled trial, we included 81 otherwise healthy postmenopausal women with high PTH levels (>6.9 pmol/L) and vitamin D insufficiency (25(OH)D < 50 nmol/L). Participants received 2 weeks of treatment with valsartan 80 mg/d, vitamin D3 70 μg/d, valsartan plus vitamin D3 or double placebo.ResultsValsartan treatment did not affect plasma PTH, although treatment reduced diastolic blood pressure (P = .01) and the aldosterone/renin ratio (P < .001). We found no associations between calciotropic hormones and RAAS markers. Vitamin D3 supplementation reduced PTH by 3.4% (25th, 75th −9.0 to 8.7) compared to a 7.1% increase (25th, 75th −2.4 to 30.9) in the placebo group (P = .01), but did not affect blood pressure, cardiac conduction or concentrations of renin and aldosterone.ConclusionsIndependently of vitamin D3, short‐term valsartan treatment did not reduce PTH. Vitamin D3 reduced PTH but did not affect blood pressure, cardiac conduction or the RAAS. The study does not support a direct association between PTH and aldosterone or a blood pressure‐lowering effect of vitamin D3.
Dento‐alveolar measurements and histomorphometric parameters of maxillary and mandibular first molars, using micro‐CT
Authors: Theye Charlotte E. G. , Hattingh André , Cracknell Tamsin J. , Oettlé Anna C. , Steyn Maryna , Vandeweghe Stefan 
Published: May 2018

AbstractBackgroundMicro‐CT is a high‐resolution, non‐invasive, and non‐destructive imaging technique, currently acknowledged as a gold standard modality for assessing quantitatively and objectively dental morphology and bone microarchitecture parameters.PurposeThe aim of this study was to analyze critical dental and periodontal measurements characterizing the mandibular (MandFM) and maxillary (MaxFM) first molar architecture, as well as the corresponding bony socket, using micro‐CT.Materials and MethodsThirty‐eight human dried skulls (22‐76 years) were scanned to enable the virtual analysis of 61 first molars. Depending on the type of measurement, the parameters were recorded on two‐dimensional sections or directly on three‐dimensional models. Tooth morphology was described by four aspects (e.g., tooth width, trunk length, root length, and root span), while the socket architecture was assessed by buccal plate thicknesses and bone density measurements.ResultsMinimum, maximum, and mean distances as well as cortical and trabecular bone densities were recorded in MandFM and MaxFM. It is noteworthy that the buccal plate thickness was found to be less than 1 mm in more than 55% of cases in MaxFM, whereas only in 20.8% of cases in MandFM (and even 0% at two sites). A wide range of bone densities was observed and the comparison between MandFM and MaxFM did not show a significant difference. Furthermore, cortical densities were negatively correlated with aging, while trabecular densities were not influenced.ConclusionsUsing micro‐CT, three‐dimensional aspects of the human first molar morphology and microstructural parameters of the surrounding bone were evaluated in the mandible and in the maxilla. These comprehensive measurements and their correlation with aging may be of great importance for the use of immediate implant placement in molar extraction sockets and thus the potential long‐term success of this treatment modality.
Novel electrical conductivity device for osteotomy preparation for dental implants placement: A cadaver study
Authors: Lorean Adi , Barer Noa , Barbu Horia , Levin Liran 
Published: May 2018

AbstractObjectivesTo evaluate the accuracy, safety, and anticipation effect of a novel electrical conductivity device (SG) in maxillary osteotomy preparation for placement of dental implants.Materials and MethodsThirty‐seven osteotomies were prepared by three operators with different levels of expertise, using the SG protocol in the maxilla of six fresh frozen cadavers. A pre‐op CT measurement of the length of bone in the desired implant location was taken and compared with the final length of the osteotomy created using SG during surgery. A comparison was made between the results of the different operators.ResultsThe pre‐op CT bone length measurements and the final depth assessment of the osteotomy with SG had a very high correlation level (0.977) with a significant mean difference of 0.639 mm (P < .0001), with the pre‐op CT measurements being longer. The least experienced operator had placed the implants 0.924 mm less deep than the pre‐op CT length measurements while the most experienced operator had placed the implants 0.244 mm less deep than the pre op CT length measurements. All implants were placed in the correct position and no breach of the sinus/nasal floor or buccal/palatine bone plates was detected.ConclusionsThe SG electrical conductivity device offers the operator real‐time monitoring during the surgical procedure. It provides a simple, safe, and sensitive method of detecting breaches, making it simple and safe for oral surgeons with different levels of expertise to use, with promising results.
Predicting the impacts of anthropogenic disturbances on marine populations
Authors: Nabe‐Nielsen Jacob , van Beest Floris M , Grimm Volker , Sibly Richard M , Teilmann Jonas , Thompson Paul M 
Published: May 2018

AbstractMarine ecosystems are increasingly exposed to anthropogenic disturbances that cause animals to change behavior and move away from potential foraging grounds. Here we present a process‐based modeling framework for assessing population consequences of such sub‐lethal behavioral effects. It builds directly on how disturbances influence animal movements, foraging and energetics, and is therefore applicable to a wide range of species. To demonstrate the model we assess the impact of wind farm construction noise on the North Sea harbor porpoise population. Subsequently, we demonstrate how the model can be used to minimize population impacts of disturbances through spatial planning. Population models that build on the fundamental processes that determine animal fitness have a high predictive power in novel environments, making them ideal for marine management.