bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
IMPACT OF HYPERLOCAL MEDIA ON LOCAL COMMUNITIES
Authors: Murinska Sandra 
Published: May 2019

Nowadays one of the channels to get information about the local environment is hyperlocal news media. It is another way to reach an audience online, as a number of users of local television, radio and newspapers is decreasing. Hyperlocals come in many different forms, but their main characteristics show them as a news source. Hyperlocal news media have much in common with weekly community newspapers – these sites focus on a small, geographically defined area, as theoretical literature about local media say. Such news sites are becoming an important part of information space because of their fastness, digital possibilities and variety of content authors. Thus, uncertainty of staff raises questions about values, behaviours and ethics of journalism.The aim of the paper is to examine the types and functions of hyperlocal news media to clarify what kind of content is produced in hyperlocal news media and what their role is in a local community in Latvia. There were seven Latvian hyperlocal news websites analysed; the quantitative and qualitative content analysis was made to explore research questions.An analysis of the content of the hyperlocal news media showed that it was primarily an initiative of people working in the media, not an initiative of the people themselves. Hyperlocal news media mainly inform about what is happening in the city, municipality or village, but community involvement is minimal. Overall, function to give information dominates, but the personification with the local community is not common, so it is difficult for the community to identify themselves with the media, and thus with the community.
SOCIAL AND LABOUR RELATIONS: MANAGING THE STRUCTURE IN IMPLEMENTING INNOVATIVE CHANGES
Authors: Belyaev Victor , Kuznetsova Olga , Pyatkova Oksana 
Published: May 2019

Implementing innovation programmes often encounters employee resistance to change. The paperprovides evidence that the essential characteristics of the causes for such resistance lie in the contents and structure of the social and labour relations. They manifest themselves as opportunism at work. The authors believe that this problem can be solved by developing K. Lewin’s and E. Schein’s change management models. While implementing innovative programmes by using one of these models, atthe opening stage, by the procedure developed by the authors, it is suggested to do research aimed at identifying the contents of the social and labour relations that have been formed within an organisation in order to reveal the quantitative measure of opportunistic behaviour of personnel in their structure and their further correcting towards decreasing the potential of employee resistance to change. For this purpose, the authors developed five scenarios and tools for gathering data through an employee survey in the environment where implementing innovative changes is expected. The findings are supposed to be presented in the form of M. Porter’s diagram, on the axes of which are indicated the types of social and labour relations; it perfectly reveals problem areas in the general structure of the social and labour relations. It is the managerial impact on them that allows a decrease in employee opportunistic potential. The evaluation of the methodical approaches, which the authors made in health care institutions, has shown that implementing innovation changes encounters much less employee resistance. Using this conceptual model of change management oriented towards changes in the structure of the social and labour relations allows an increase in efficiency and effectiveness of implementing innovative changes in organizations.
STUDENT MOBILITY AS THE ELEMENT OF INTERNATIONALIZATION OF HIGHER EDUCATION
Authors: Mietule Iveta , Arbidāne Iluta , Kalniņa Laura 
Published: May 2019

Scientific researches on the potential of export of higher education became topical more than 10 years ago, but this issue remains very topical nowadays as well, and it is essential to keep searching for solutions for the future development of this area. The aim of the paper is to analyse the general trends of student mobility in Latvia in the context of the student mobility in the world. Hypothesis of the research - comparative research on the student mobility rates in the research period from 2011 to 2016 shows that there is higher growth of student mobility in Latvia than on the global scale. The number of mobile students in the research period is increasing both in Latvia and in the world, but the statistical survey in Latvia confirms that this growth in Latvia is more significant.
ACCOUNTING AND ECONOMIC ANALYSIS IN CONDITIONS OF DIGITALIZATION AND GLOBALIZATION OF PUBLIC RELATIONS
Authors: Izmaylov Yaroslav , Yegorova Iryna , Viskers Evalds 
Published: May 2019

The aim of the research is to identify the directions of accounting and economic analysis in the context of globalization and electronic data processing. The role of accounting and economic analysis in managing sustainable development of the national economy and economic entities is determined. The theoretical and methodological design of improved systems of accounting and economic analysis of enterprises’ economic activity including expanded and updated functions, tasks and principles in accordance with current conditions of digitalization and globalization of public relations is presented. It allows creating appropriate organizational and methodological provision of accounting and analytical support of managing enterprises’ activity to increase reliability and relevance of accounting information. The authors prove that improved components of the accounting and economic analysis system of enterprises’ economic activity in the conditions of digitalization and globalization of economic relations will enhance application of accounting techniques, procedures, methodological support, management and internal control.
Where was the 31 October 1895 Charleston, Missouri, Earthquake?
Authors: Martin Stacey S. , Hough Susan E. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractWe revisit the magnitude and location of the 31 October 1895 Charleston, Missouri, earthquake, which is widely regarded to be the most recent Mw 6 or greater earthquake in the central United States. Although a study by Bakun et al. (2003) concluded that this earthquake was located in southern Illinois, more than 100 km north of the traditionally inferred location near Charleston, Missouri, our analysis of exhaustively compiled macroseismic data supports the traditionally inferred location, with a preferred magnitude of Mw≈5.8 and a preferred magnitude range of 5.4–6.1. Our preferred magnitude is derived from comparisons with intensity distributions from the 1925 Mw 6.2 Charlevoix, the 1944 Mw 5.8 Massena, and the 1968 Mw 5.3 southern Illinois earthquakes, macroseismic data of which we also revisited in this study. Based on the distribution of liquefaction, reports of damage, and early aftershocks, we also explore possible rupture scenarios for the 1895 earthquake. Our preferred scenario involves unilateral rupture to the northeast on a (reactivated) northeast‐striking fault (or faults) coinciding with structures associated with the western limb of the Reelfoot rift, with an epicenter south‐southeast of Charleston, Missouri. Our results support the conclusion that within the Reelfoot rift, elevated seismic hazard is not restricted to the New Madrid seismic zone as conventionally defined but continues into the Charleston region in southeastern Missouri, where faults associated with the western edge of the Reelfoot rift appear favorably oriented for failure in the current stress regime.
Responsabilidad Social Empresarial en el sector calzado: Estudio de caso en Bogotá, Colombia.
Authors: Téllez-Bedoya Carlos Arturo , Bernal-Rodríguez Edgar Andrés 
Published: May 2019

Los estudios convencionales sobre las condiciones del sector de calzado en Bogotá, Colombia han abordado de forma exigua las interpretaciones y prácticas que llevan a cabo los empresarios sobre la Responsabilidad Social Empresarial (RSE). En consecuencia, el desconocimiento e inactividad de estas prácticas han generado repercusiones en este sector, caracterizado por sus importantes impactos en el ámbito económico, social, cultural y ambiental. Este documento presenta los resultados de una investigación primordialmente de carácter cualitativo que, a través del método de estudio de caso y empleando como instrumento la entrevista y el análisis categorial, ilustra las percepciones de algunas empresas de la ciudad.
En cuanto a las conclusiones, se evidencia la necesidad de generar una mayor articulación entre el empresariado y los diversos actores sociales en torno a una implementación adecuada de estas prácticas que, actualmente, se desarrollan de manera superflua con el objetivo de obtener un mejor posicionamiento estratégico y no por una práctica filantrópica.
LOS PRINCIPIOS DE LA CONTRATACIÓN ESTATAL EN LA CONFORMACIÓN DE UNA SOCIEDAD DE ECONOMÍA MIXTA EN COLOMBIA
Authors: VERGEL BRUGÉS LUIS ALEJANDRO , MAESTRE GONZALEZ2 ANDREA CAROLINA 
Published: May 2019

Atendiendo el tema que nos ocupa en este artículo como lo es Sociedades de Economía Mixta (SEM) y sus principios en la contratación estatal, se hace necesario recalcar que esta investigación va dirigida al análisis jurídico y normativo de la figura societaria de la misma, para arribar a la conclusión de que no existe normativa vigente al momento de la escogencia del socio estratégico, lo que deja al albedrío de la entidad contratante las reglas, términos, procedimientos y pasos a seguir en el proceso contractual. Es decir, que ninguna de las modalidades establecidas en la Ley 1150 de 2007, es de obligatoria aplicación al momento de escoger al particular en la conformación de la sociedad de economía mixta, en ese entendido la entidad ofertará de acuerdo a sus consideraciones los requisitos para la escogencia del socio estratégico, lo que, sin lugar a dudas, podría presentar un riesgo para los principios de la contratación estatal.
Básicamente lo que se busca es que no sean vulnerados los principios de la contratación estatal en la escogencia del socio estratégico en la conformación de una sociedad de economía mixta en Colombia, teniendo en cuenta que según el artículo 97 de la Ley 489 de 1998, Las sociedades de economía mixta son organismos autorizados por la ley, constituidos bajo la forma de sociedades comerciales con aportes estatales y de capital privado, que desarrollan actividades de naturaleza industrial o comercial conforme a las reglas de Derecho Privado, salvo las excepciones que consagra la ley.
Así las cosas, se puede expresar en ello, que las normas de la contratación estatal contenidas en la Ley 80 de 1993 y demás normas concordantes, no contienen disposiciones referentes al proceso de selección del socio que escogerá la entidad estatal a efectos de desarrollar el objeto contractual para el cual se constituya la SEM, quedando una delgada línea entre el arbitrio de la entidad contratante y la vulneración de los principios de la contratación estatal.
The Intensity of Elementary Schools' Lighting in Ahvaz City Compared with the Standard Values in 2017
Authors: FOULADI Behzad , MOSAVIANASL Zeinab , SHEGERD Mojtaba , PORESH Khadije , SARI Hanan 
Published: May 2019

Introduction: Desirable lighting is of the main factors in educational spaces. It is clear that schools with inadequate lighting cause great musculoskeletal injuries, vision problems, neurological and learning problems in students. Therefore, this study aimed to measure the lighting intensity of elementary schools in Ahvaz city and to compare it with the standard values in 2017.
Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out among the elementary schools in the eastern area of Ahvaz. A number of classes and halls were selected from each school by cluster sampling method. Then, the intensity of general lighting was measured using a network method. The 1339 Tes brightness measuring instrument was used to measure the general and local illumination. Finally, data were analyzed by Excel software.
Results: The results showed that the average brightness intensity was lower than the recommended standard in 75 percent of classes and 62.5 percent of halls. In terms of lighting conditions, girls' schools were more undesirable compared with boys' schools. Moreover, measurement of localized lighting on boards and tables showed that only 12.5 percent of classrooms had a good condition.
Conclusion: The inappropriate and faulty sources of lighting systems have led to a non-uniform distribution of lighting in schools. Therefore, in order to improve the level of students' health and learning, lighting systems should be corrected to achieve appropriate illumination in accordance with the standard values in schools.
Resistant gastric environment of Lactobacillus crispatus from stomach inhibits Helicobacter pylori colonization and attenuates gastric inflammation
Authors: Wang Ning , Mao Fang-yuan , Huang Wei-wei , Kong Hui , Shi Yun , Yang Zhi-bang , Zou Quan-ming , Li Yan , Guo Gang 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Background

Recent studies have shown that gastric-derived Lactobacillus can inhibit the colonization of H. pylori and attenuate gastric inflammation in conventional animals, but the resistant of Lactobacillus to gastric environment is still unknown. Here, we aimed to screen the candidate Lactobacillus that could adapt to the harsh gastric environment and inhibit the colonization of H. pylori.

Results

In vitro, the growth rate of seven Lactobacillus strains in different pH and bile salt concentration were tested, the size of inhibition zone and adhesion rate of H. pylori when Lactobacillus exist were measured. In gnotobiotic mice models, we examined the amount of colonization of L. crispatus and H. pylori by qRT-PCR and evaluated the inflammation in the gastric tissue by the content of MPO and H&E stain. In vitro experiments showed L. crispatus had a better growth rate than other six Lactobacilluses in pH 2.5 to 4.5; under the 0.2% bile salt concentration, other bacteria did not grow except for L. crispatus; L. crispatus yielded 24.2 mm of mean inhibitory zone diameters; the adhesion rate of H. pylori only reached 41.3% in H. pylori-L. crispatus group(HLG). In vivo, the amount of colonization of H. pylori in HLG is fifteen times less than that in H. pylori group (HG) (p < 0.05); the MPO value of HG was 1.4 times that of HLG; the gastric tissue inflammation of HLG was obviously lighter than HG. L. crispatus may be an adjunctive therapy for treating H. pylori- associated disease in clinic.

Conclusions

L. crispatus has resistance to low acid and high bile salts environment and it inhibits the growth of H. pylori and the subsequent inﬂammation H. pylori caused in gnotobiotic Kunming mice model, which suggest the potential of developing L. crispatus as clinical agents.
Prevalence of Class 1 Integron and Antibiotic Resistance Pattern in Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolated from Iranian Clinical Specimens; a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Zarifi Elham , Kaliji Yasamin Enayati , Khaledi Azad , Rahimi Mohammadreza , Babadi Mahtab 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Background
The role of integrons has been shown in the horizontal transmission of antibiotic resistance genes among bacterial isolates especially Gram-negative microorganisms in clinical settings. Objectives
The aim of this study was to systematically review the prevalence of class 1 integrons and antibiotic resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates of clinical samples of Iranian patients.
Methods
The Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, and Science Direct databases were searched using preferred keywords based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The cross-sectional studies addressing the frequency of class 1 integrons and antibiotic‑resistance in P. aeruginosa isolates from clinical samples of Iranian patients published from 1 January 2000 until 31 December 2018 were included. Meta-analysis was performed using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis¬ (CMA) software. The random effects model was used for meta-analysis. The Cochran’s Q and I2 tests were applied for statistical analyses. Publication bias was assessed using Funnel plot and Egger’s linear regression test.
Results
Out of 911 studies retrieved in the initial search, 17 articles met the eligibility standards for being included in the meta-analysis. The Egger’s linear regression test indicated no publication bias (P = 0.95). The combined prevalence of class 1 integrons in P. aeruginosa isolates was obtained as 58.9% (95% CI: 46.3–70.4%). The highest rate of combined antibiotic resistance was related to Carbenicillin with a resistance rate of 79.9%. On the other side, the most effective antibiotic against P. aeruginosa was Polymyxin B with the resistance rate of 0%. The pooled prevalence of multi-drug resistant (MDR) P. aeruginosa isolates was 55% (¬95% CI: 33.8-75.3%).
Conclusions
Our findings indicated the high prevalence of class 1 integrons and antibiotic resistance among P. aeruginosa isolates of Iranian patients’ clinical samples. Also, the prevalence of MDR P. aeruginosa isolates was noticeable requiring prompt action.
Application of a self-designed inspiratory impedance threshold device in cardiopulmonary resuscitation in three porcine models of cardiac arrest
Authors: Li Chao , Gu Hai-Fei , He Xiao-Li , Zhang Yu , Min Jie-Qing , Huang Lei , Zhang Ming , Cheng Li-Ming , Wu Ji-Lin , Du Wen-Kang , Li Li 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Background: To evaluate and compare the efficiency of a self-designed inspiratory impedance threshold device in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in the porcine models of cardiac arrest established by three approaches. Methods: Twenty healthy pigs were randomly assigned into the control group (n=5), model 1 (n=5), model 2 (n=5) and model 3 (n=5) groups. Following anesthesia induction, endotracheal tube was inserted and connected to the anesthesia machine. In the three model groups, pigs received intravenous injection of ketamine (model 1), MgSO4 (model 2) and KCl (model 3), and subsequently pig models of cardiac arrest were established. Manual closed-chest CPR was performed at 80 bpm with the self-designed inspiratory impedance threshold device in the model groups and without this device in the control group. After 2-, 6- and 10-min CPR, the heart rate and hemodynamic parameters including arterial blood pressure, blood oxygen saturation, end-diastolic volume and cardiac output were quantitatively measured. The Esophageal echocardiography and blood-gas analyses were performed. Results: After CPR, the mean arterial blood pressure, end-diastolic volume and cardiac output in three model groups were significantly higher compared with those in the control group (all P<0.05). In model 2 group, the stroke volume, cardiac output, end-diastolic volume, SPO2 and PCO2 levels and blood-gas parameters were the highest among three model groups (all P<0.05). Conclusions: The self-invented inspiratory impedance threshold device yields the highest efficiency in the porcine model of cardiac arrest established by intravenous infusion of MgSO4 by increasing the cardiac output during CPR compared with the remaining two pig models.
Effects of dexmedetomidine on porcine pulmonary artery vascular smooth muscle
Authors: Chikuda Mami , Sato Kenichi 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Background

Dexmedetomidine is added to local anesthetics to increase their potency and extend their duration of action, thus providing postoperative analgesia with a single administration. However, the effects and mechanism of action of dexmedetomidine on pulmonary arteries have not been determined. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of dexmedetomidine on pulmonary artery vascular smooth muscle, evaluating changes in contraction tension.

Methods

Endothelium-denuded porcine pulmonary arteries were sliced into 2- to 3-mm rings. Changes in isometric contraction tension were measured with the addition of various substances at various concentrations, under different conditions of baseline stimulation (with KCl, Adrenaline, caffeine, or histamine) and different conditions of Ca2+ depletion with intracellular reservoirs or extracellular stores depleted.

Results

Dexmedetomidine increased the contraction tension induced by high-KCl depolarization in a concentration-dependent manner. Dexmedetomidine inhibited receptor-activated Ca2+ channels (RACCs) and phosphatidylinositol-1,4,5-triphosphate-induced Ca2+ release (IICR), but not Ca2+-induced Ca2+ release (CICR).

Conclusions

Dex increased the contraction tension resulting from depolarization stimulation by high KCl in a concentration-dependent manner in porcine pulmonary artery vascular smooth muscle. The enhancement of high KCl-induced contraction with Dex addition was mediated by α2 receptors. Dex suppressed increases in contraction tension induced by receptor stimulation with adrenaline, also in a concentration-dependent manner. Dex inhibited RACC and IICR, but not CICR. Elucidating the effects and mechanisms of action of Dex in the central arteries is likely to be useful as basic data for creating Dex-containing local anesthetics.
The Adaptive designs CONSORT Extension (ACE) Statement: A checklist with explanation and elaboration guideline for reporting randomised trials that use an adaptive design
Authors: Dimairo Munyaradzi , Pallmann Philip , Wason James , Todd Susan , Jaki Thomas , Julious Steven A. , Mander Adrian P. , Weir Christopher J. , Koenig Franz , Walton Marc K. , Nicholl Jon P. , Coates Elizabeth , Biggs Katie , Hamasaki Toshimitsu , Proschan Michael A. , Scott John A. , Ando Yuki , Hind Daniel , Altman Douglas G. 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Background

Adaptive designs (ADs) allow pre-planned changes to an ongoing trial without compromising the validity of conclusions and it is essential to distinguish pre-planned from unplanned changes that may also occur. The reporting of ADs in randomised trials is inconsistent and needs improving. Incompletely reported AD randomised trials are difficult to reproduce and are hard to interpret and synthesise. This consequently hampers their ability to inform practice as well as future research and contributes to research waste. Better transparency and adequate reporting will enable the potential benefits of ADs to be realised.

Methods

This extension to the Consolidated Standards Of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) 2010 Statement was developed to enhance the reporting of randomised AD clinical trials. We developed an Adaptive designs CONSORT Extension (ACE) guideline through a two-stage Delphi process with input from multidisciplinary key stakeholders in clinical trials research in the public and private sectors from 21 countries, followed by a consensus meeting. Members of the CONSORT Group were involved during the development process.

Results

The paper presents the ACE checklists for AD randomised trial reports and abstracts, as well as an explanation with examples to aid the application of the guideline. The ACE checklist is comprised of seven new items, nine modified items, six unchanged items for which additional explanatory text clarifies further considerations for ADs, and 20 unchanged items not requiring further explanatory text. The ACE abstract checklist has one new item, one modified item, one unchanged item with additional explanatory text for ADs, and 15 unchanged items not requiring further explanatory text.

Conclusions

The intention is to enhance transparency and improve reporting of AD randomised trials to improve the interpretability of their results and reproducibility of their methods, results and inference. We also hope indirectly to facilitate the much-needed knowledge transfer of innovative trial designs to maximise their potential benefits.