bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Airborne conifer pollen grains are rarely deposited on stigmas of coflowering insect‐pollinated angiosperms
Authors: Yang Xiao‐Chen , Hu Mo‐Han , Huang Shuang‐Quan 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAlthough plant species with either animal or wind pollination modes are widespread and usually sympatric in nature, the degree of pollen interference from wind‐pollinated species on animal‐pollinated species remains little known. Conifer trees generally release a huge number of pollen grains into the air, floating into our noses and sometimes causing an allergic response. Here we document airborne pollen from two conifers (Pinus densata Mast. and
Picea likiangensis (Franch.) E. Pritz.) deposited on the stigmas of eight coflowering insect‐pollinated angiosperms over 2 years in a mountainous forest community, in Shangri‐La, southwest China. Pollen density in the air as well as conifer pollen deposited onto stigmas at short and long distances from the airborne pollen source were quantified. Our results showed that conifer pollen as a proportion of total stigmatic pollen loads in the insect‐pollinated plants varied from 0.16% to 8.67% (3.16% ± 0.41%,
n = 735) in 2016 and 0.66% to 5.38% (2.87% ± 0.86%,
n = 180), and pollen quantity per unit area was closely related to that of airborne pollen in the air. Conifer pollen deposition on stigmas of insect‐pollinated species decreased greatly with increased distance from the pollen source. In the 10 plant species flowering in summer after conifer pollen release had finished, heterospecific pollen deposited on these stigmas came mainly from other insect‐pollinated flowers, with little contribution from airborne conifer pollen. The results indicate that there might be little interference with coflowering angiosperms by airborne pollen from dominant conifers in natural communities.
Plenasium xiei sp. nov. from the Cretaceous of Northeast China: Additional evidence for the longevity of osmundaceous ferns
Authors: Cheng Ye‐Ming , Liu Feng‐Xiang , Tian Ning , Jin Yue‐Gao , Sun Tong‐Xing 
Published: July 2019

AbstractA new species of the Osmundaceae, Plenasium xiei sp. nov., is herein described from the Cretaceous of Northeast China. The specimens examined here represent the earliest unequivocal record of the extant genus Plenasium in Eurasia based on fossil rhizomes. The rhizome consists of a central stem with a mantle of petiole bases and adventitious roots. The stem contains an ectophloic‐dictyoxylic siphonostele and a two‐layered cortex. The C‐shaped leaf trace bears two protoxylem bundles at the point of separation from the stele. The pith is heterogeneous. The parenchymatous inner cortex is thinner than the sclerenchymatous outer cortex. Lobed sclerenchyma bands occur at the adaxial sides of the stem xylem strands, in the concavity of the leaf trace, and along the adaxial side of the vascular bundles of the petiole base. In distal petiole portions, the sclerenchyma band splits into several groups in the transverse view. Sclerenchyma rings are heterogeneous with an abaxial sclerenchymatous arc of thick‐walled fibers. Numerous sclerenchyma strands of thick‐walled fibers appear in the petiolar inner cortex and the stipular wing. These fossils provide unambiguous evidence for the existence of subgenus Plenasium of modern Plenasium by at least the Late Cretaceous, demonstrating the longevity of this extant subgenus. Altogether the leaf and rhizome fossil records of Plenasium indicate that this genus was widely distributed across North America and Eurasia from the Early Cretaceous to the Early Cenozoic, followed by a range restriction to Eurasia in the Late Cenozoic. Extant Plenasium species are only known from East and Southeast Asia.
In vitro and in vivo effects of chlorpyrifos and cypermethrin on blood cholinesterases in sheep
Authors: Larsen Karen E. , Lifschitz Adrián L. , Lanusse Carlos E. , Virkel Guillermo L. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe combination of the organophosphate (OP) chlorpyrifos (CPF) and the pyrethroid cypermethrin (CPM) is commonly marketed aspour‐onformulations for the control of sheep lice, ked, and blowflies. CPF irreversibly inhibits acetylcholinesterases (AChE), while pyrethroids are not AChE inhibitors. However, combinations of pyrethroids with OPs showed a highly synergistic effect on AChE inhibition. Thus, the aim of the current work was to evaluate in vitro and in vivo the inhibitory potency of both pesticides, alone and in combination with AChE and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) activities in sheep blood. In vitro, IC50 values were similar after CPF or CPF plus CPM incubations. Thepour‐oncoadministration of recommended doses of CPF and CPM did not cause a significant inhibition of AChE and BChE in sheep blood. Only slight percentages of inhibition of their catalytic activities were observed when both drugs were given at 4‐fold higher dose rates. The lower systemic availability of topical administration of OPs in sheep may help to explain the lower degree of inhibition of blood AChE and BChE in vivo. The results emerged from this research are a further contribution to the knowledge of the risks of implementing higher dosage regimens of OPs‐containing antiparasitic formulations.
Regional cooperation and benefit sharing for sustainable water resources management in the Lower Mekong Basin
Authors: Sok Serey , Meas Sopheak , Chea Sophearin , Chhinh Nyda 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBenefit sharing is a concept associated with regional cooperation for sustainable water resources management. To this end, the present study analyses how implementation of this concept may contribute to economic growth and the promotion of sustainable livelihoods in the Lower Mekong Basin (LMB). It focuses on the balance between economic and human development, national interests, and the procedures used to manage water resources in the basin. It was found that: (a) Benefits obtained from the Mekong River are not equally shared between riparian countries because of inadequate regional cooperation, with economic and social development in the LMB being uneven, with Thailand and Vietnam achieving better human development, poverty reduction and food security outcomes than Laos and Cambodia; (b) Lack of shared national interests, or a common development agenda, has resulted in unsustainable water resource management outcomes; and (c) Procedures for water resources management agreed by the four LMB countries are well‐aligned with the conceptual framework for benefit sharing defined by Sadoff and Grey (2002, Water Policy, 4, 389), although while these procedures have the potential to facilitate a more cooperative agenda for equitable sharing of social, economic and environmental benefits from the water resources of the Mekong River, implementation of the 1995 Mekong Agreement currently remains controversial. The five procedures for water resource management developed by the Mekong River Commission have not resulted in satisfactory outcomes, due in part to the institution lacking regulatory authority.
Mineralogy and oxygen isotope systematics of magnetite grains and a magnetite‐dolomite assemblage in hydrated fine‐grained Antarctic micrometeorites
Authors: Dobrică Elena , Ogliore Ryan C. , Engrand Cécile , Nagashima Kazuhide , Brearley Adrian J. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractWe report the mineralogy and texture of magnetite grains, a magnetite‐dolomite assemblage, and the adjacent mineral phases in five hydrated fine‐grained Antarctic micrometeorites (H‐FgMMs). Additionally, we measured the oxygen isotopic composition of magnetite grains and a magnetite‐dolomite assemblage in these samples. Our mineralogical study shows that the secondary phases identified in H‐FgMMs have similar textures and chemical compositions to those described previously in other primitive solar system materials, such as carbonaceous chondrites. However, the oxygen isotopic compositions of magnetite in H‐FgMMs span a range of ∆17O values from +1.3‰ to +4.2‰, which is intermediate between magnetites measured in carbonaceous and ordinary chondrites (CCs andOCs). The δ18O values of magnetites in one H‐FgMMhave a ~27‰ mass‐dependent spread in a single 100 × 200 μm particle, indicating that there was a localized control of the fluid composition, probably due to a low water‐to‐rock mass ratio. The ∆17O values of magnetite indicate that H‐FgMMs sampled a different aqueous fluid than ordinary and carbonaceous chondrites, implying that the source of H‐FgMMs is probably distinct from the asteroidal source ofCCs andOCs. Additionally, we analyzed the oxygen isotopic composition of a magnetite‐dolomite assemblage in one of the H‐FgMMs (sample 03‐36‐46) to investigate the temperature at which these minerals coprecipitated. We have used the oxygen isotope fractionation between the coexisting magnetite and dolomite to infer a precipitation temperature between 160 and 280 °C for this sample. This alteration temperature is ~100–200 °C warmer than that determined from a calcite‐magnetite assemblage from theCR2 chondrite Al Rais, but similar to the estimated temperature of aqueous alteration for unequilibratedOCs,CIs, andCMs. This suggests that the sample 03‐36‐46 could come from a parent body that was large enough to attain temperatures as high as theOCs,CIs, andCMs, which implies an asteroidal origin for this particular H‐FgMM.
“More Splendid than the Sun”: Christ’s Flesh among the Reasons for the Incarnation
Authors: Case Brendan 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThis article defends two arguments proposed by Robert Grosseteste for the view that the Incarnation is logically prior to the Fall. Each of them is motivated by the goodness of Christ as a creature who is nonetheless worthy of worship, though the first considers this fact as an intrinsic good, and the second considers it as instrumentally good, by virtue of its making possible fleshly communion between God and his creatures. I will then consider Bonaventure’s reasons for rejecting these arguments, which turn on the worry that they posit a divine obligation to become Incarnate. I show that while Bonaventure’s concern is reasonable, he addresses it at the unacceptable cost of denying important aspects of the Incarnation’s purpose in the actual world. However, Bonaventure accepts that the Incarnation and Passion are “necessary” for human redemption in a way that is consistent with divine freedom, an intuition which Aquinas brings to particularly clear expression by analyzing the Incarnation as necessary in the sense of being the most fitting means of salvation. Applying this line of thought to Christ’s flesh, considered as the fitting instrument by which God has elected to perfectly beatify humanity, allows us to reconcile Grosseteste’s insistence on the Incarnation’s priority to the Fall with Bonaventure’s insistence on its absolute gratuity.
Relationship between symptoms during a gastric emptying study and intestinal chemosensitivity with daily symptoms
Authors: Chakraborty Subhankar , Desai Anshuman , Halland Magnus , Burton Duane , Camilleri Michael , Zinsmeister Alan R. , Bharucha Adil E. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundNon‐ulcer dyspepsia (NUD) is a heterogeneous disorder, which is characterized by upper gastrointestinal symptoms and sensorimotor disturbances, including abnormal gastric emptying (GE) and increased intestinal chemosensitivity, and associated with greater plasma glucagon‐like peptide‐1 (GLP‐1) levels during duodenal lipid infusion. However, the relationship(s) between these disturbances and daily symptoms in NUD is variable. We hypothesize that abnormal GE and symptoms during a GE study and during duodenal lipid infusion are associated with the severity of daily symptoms and that GLP‐1 mediates symptoms during duodenal lipid infusion in NUD.MethodsGastric emptying of solids, symptoms during the GE study and duodenal lipid infusion, and daily gastrointestinal symptoms (2 week diary) were measured in 24 healthy controls and 40 NUD patients. During duodenal lipid infusion, participants received the GLP‐1 antagonist exendin 9‐39 or placebo.Key ResultsIn controls and patients, GE of solids was normal in 75% and 75%, delayed in 8% and 12.5%, or rapid in 17% and 12.5%, respectively. No controls but 26 patients (65%) had severe symptoms during the GE study. During lipid infusion, gastrointestinal symptoms were greater (P = .001) in patients and not affected by exendin. Symptoms during GE study and lipid infusion accounted for respectively 62% and 37% of variance in daily symptom severity.ConclusionsIn NUD, symptoms during a GE study and to a lesser extent during lipid infusion explain the variance in daily symptoms. Intestinal chemosensitivity is not reduced by GLP‐1 antagonist. Assessment of symptoms during a GE study may provide a useful biomarker for NUD in research and clinical practice.
Cold stress tolerance of soybeans during flowering: QTL mapping and efficient selection strategies under controlled conditions
Authors: Jähne Felix , Balko Christiane , Hahn Volker , Würschum Tobias , Leiser Willmar L. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBreeding soybeans for higher latitudes requires cultivars with an increased chilling stress tolerance, especially when flowering occurs. Phenotyping in climate chambers to select for this trait is labour‐intensive and requires an optimal allocation of resources due to limited space. We screened a diversity panel of 35 early maturity cultivars and a biparental population of 103 RILs for their cold stress tolerance at flowering stage. Pod number under control and stress conditions is highly heritable and showed only a weak correlation between the two treatments. Based on different testing scenarios, we could show that testing more genotypes with less replicates yields much higher responses to selection and hence should be pursued in such climate‐controlled experiments. We identified quantitative trait loci (QTL) for pod number under both conditions (chromosomes 7 and 13) and a cold tolerance‐specific QTL (chromosome 11). Furthermore, we performed genomic predictions using different test set scenarios and prediction models, showing that genomic prediction is a promising tool to select for cold stress tolerance, particularly if known QTL can be used as fixed effects in the model.
Surgeon crossover between pediatric and adult centers is associated with decreased rate of loss to follow‐up among adolescent renal transplantation recipients
Authors: Hung Ya‐Ching , Williams Jonathan E. , Bababekov Yanik J. , Rickert Chalres G. , Chang David C. , Yeh Heidi 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe risk of adverse outcomes for pediatric renal transplant patients is highest during the transition from pediatric to adult care. While there have been many studies focus on graft failure and death, loss to follow‐up likely plays a large role in patient outcomes. We hypothesize patients are lost to follow‐up during this transition period and that patients transplanted at pediatric centers with a closely affiliated adult center (AFFs) are less likely to suffer from fragmentation of care and become lost to follow‐up. AFFs were defined as those pediatric centers whose transplant surgeons were also on staff at an adult center and were identified using center websites. We included patients undergoing renal transplantation at <=18 years of age and had data for the entire transition period on the Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients (n = 6,762, 92.3% in 95 AFFs). 32% of patients were lost to follow‐up. On regression, patients transplanted at AFF were 33% less likely to be lost to follow‐up compared with those from non‐AFF (OR 0.67 CI 0.54‐0.82, P < 0.01). The proportion of patients lost to follow‐up during the transition period is remarkably high, but lower among recipients transplanted at AFFs. Poor follow‐up may be mitigated by improving integration of care.
Predicting ideal outcome after pediatric liver transplantation: An exploratory study using machine learning analyses to leverage Studies of Pediatric Liver Transplantation Data
Authors: Wadhwani Sharad Indur , Hsu Evelyn K. , Shaffer Michele L. , Anand Ravinder , Ng Vicky Lee , Bucuvalas John C. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractMachine learning analyses allow for the consideration of numerous variables in order to accommodate complex relationships that would not otherwise be apparent in traditional statistical methods to better classify patient risk. The SPLIT registry data were analyzed to determine whether baseline demographic factors and clinical/biochemical factors in the first‐year post–transplant could predict ideal outcome at 3 years (IO‐3) after LT. Participants who received their first, isolated LT between 2002 and 2006 and had follow‐up data 3 years post–LT were included. IO‐3 was defined as alive at 3 years, normal ALT (<50) or GGT (<50), normal GFR, no non‐liver transplants, no cytopenias, and no PTLD. Heat map analysis and RFA were used to characterize the impact of baseline and 1‐year factors on IO‐3. 887/1482 SPLIT participants met inclusion criteria; 334 had IO‐3. Demographic, biochemical, and clinical variables did not elucidate a visual signal on heat map analysis. RFA identified non‐white race (vs white race), increased length of operation, vascular and biliary complications within 30 days, and duct‐to‐duct biliary anastomosis to be negatively associated with IO‐3. UNOS regions 2 and 5 were also identified as important factors. RFA had an accuracy rate of 0.71 (95% CI: 0.68‐0.74), PPV = 0.83, and NPV = 0.70. RFA identified participant variables that predicted IO‐3. These findings may allow for better risk stratification and personalization of care following pediatric liver transplantation.
Multi-Dimensional Penalized Hazard Model with Continuous Covariates: Applications for Studying Trends and Social Inequalities in Cancer Survival
Authors: Fauvernier Mathieu , Roche Laurent , Uhry Zoé , Tron Laure , Bossard Nadine , Remontet Laurent ,   and the Challenges in the Estimation of Net Survival Working Survival Group
Published: July 2019

SummaryDescribing the dynamics of patient mortality hazard is a major concern for cancer epidemiologists. In addition to time and age, other continuous covariates have often to be included in the model. For example, survival trend analyses and socio-economic studies deal respectively with the year of diagnosis and a deprivation index. Taking advantage of a recent theoretical framework for general smooth models, the paper proposes a penalized approach to hazard and excess hazard models in time-to-event analyses. The baseline hazard and the functional forms of the covariates were specified by using penalized natural cubic regression splines with associated quadratic penalties. Interactions between continuous covariates and time-dependent effects were dealt with by forming a tensor product smooth. The smoothing parameters were estimated by optimizing either the Laplace approximate marginal likelihood criterion or the likelihood cross-validation criterion. The regression parameters were estimated by direct maximization of the penalized likelihood of the survival model, which avoids data augmentation and the Poisson likelihood approach. The implementation proposed was evaluated on simulations and applied to real data. It was found to be numerically stable, efficient and useful for choosing the appropriate degree of complexity in overall survival and net survival contexts; moreover, it simplified the model building process.
Morphology of the palate, palatal rugae pattern, and dental arch form in patients with schizophrenia
Authors: Franco Raquel Porto Alegre Valente , Mobile Rafael Zancan , Filla Clarissa de Fátima Santos , Sbalqueiro Ricardo , de Lima Antônio Adilson Soares , Silva Rhonan Ferreira , Paranhos Luiz Renato , Tanaka Orlando Motohiro , Turkina Anna , Franco Ademir 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAimsThis study aimed to investigate the morphology of the palate, palatal rugae pattern, and dental arch form in patients with schizophrenia.Methods and resultsAn observational case‐control study was designed following the STROBE statement and checklist. The sample consisted of 132 patients (39 diagnosed with schizophrenia and 93 controls). Dental casts of the patients were classified based on the pattern of their palatal rugae, their dental arch form, and the area of their palate. The palatal rugae in patients with schizophrenia had a more random distribution and shape compared to the control group (P = .027). Oval dental arches were the most prevalent in both groups (P = .473). The palate area was slightly larger in the control group (3.2318 ± 0.549 mm2) compared with the group of patients with schizophrenia (3.060 ± 0.470 mm2) (P = .090).ConclusionPalatal rugae pattern may feature as a potential minor physical anomaly for schizophrenia. Additional studies with alternative sampling and classification systems are necessary to understand this finding and its applications in practice.
Molecular characterization of Canis familiaris oral papillomavirus 1 identified in naturally infected dogs from Northeast Brazil
Authors: Reis Jordana D. R. , Oliveira Luana B. , Santos Lucas A. B. O. , Soares Rosilene C. , Batista Marcus V. A. 
Published: July 2019

BackgroundCanine papillomavirus (CPV) has 20 described types associated with papillomas or squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Knowledge about CPV diversity is scarce. Studies on papillomaviruses that infect other hosts show substantial diversity with some types and variants being associated with cancer.Hypothesis/ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to assess the genetic variability of the capsid L1 gene of CPV identified in lesions of naturally infected dogs from Brazil.AnimalsSix dogs presenting with oral and cutaneous warts from different veterinary clinics in Sergipe state, Northeast Brazil.Methods and materialsNine skin biopsy samples were collected for histopathological and molecular analyses. Bioinformatics tools were used for genotyping and diversity analysis. Mutations were characterized based on their impact on the L1 protein structure.ResultsSequences of CPV1 were obtained from exophytic papillomas. These sequences had at least five different mutations showing that all sequences were putative CPV1 variants. One CPV1 sequence, obtained from an oral SCC, had a highly destabilizing substitution in the L1 protein which was likely to be associated with changes in protein function.Conclusions and clinical importanceDespite the small number of cases analysed and the partial analysis of L1 nucleotide and amino acid sequences, this study has demonstrated diversity in CPV samples from Northeast Brazil. A putative new CPV1 variant associated with oral SCC, with novel protein structure changing mutations, was identified which may be important for understanding papillomavirus pathogenesis.
Biodegradation kinetics of diuron by Pseudomonas aeruginosa FN and optimization of biodegradation using response surface methodology
Authors: Kučić Grgić Dajana , Ocelić Bulatović Vesna , Cvetnić Matija , Dujmić Vučinić Željka , Vuković Domanovac Marija , Markić Marinko , Bolanča Tomislav 
Published: July 2019

AbstractDiuron is a selective and the most persistent herbicide. Widespread use of this compound has led to the elevated concentrations of diuron in groundwater and wastewater. The main objectives of this study were to investigate biodegradation of diuron by Pseudomonas aeruginosa FN and evolved degradation product, 3,4‐dichloroanilines (3,4‐DCA). The influence of temperature, initial optical density of Pseudomonas aeruginosa FN and initial diuron concentration were examined to further optimize biodegradation of diuron, and the effect of these factors were investigated by the response surface methodology (RSM) and full factorial design (FFD). The optimal biodegradation conditions were obtained at T = 25°C, γ (diuron) = 0.5 mg/L and initial optical density of 0.2. The biodegradation kinetic of diuron was described by Monod model and the obtained value of F‐test was grater that 0.96 which showed good correlation between Monod model and experimental results.