bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A social conflict diagnostic tool for application in the mining industry: A case study in Peru
Authors: Saenz Cesar 
Published: January 2019

AbstractIn the mining industry, both the types of social conflict and the best practices to deal with them are diverse. However, best practices tend to be considered separately, and there is no integrated tool combining all relevant types of social conflicts and respective best practices for overcoming them. Therefore, this paper aims to devise a framework that integrates all best practices for preventing the main types of social conflict in the mining industry. For this purpose, a framework is formulated based on a comprehensive literature review and then tested in two mining companies in Peru. The resulting framework can be used in the mining industry to evaluate social conflict management and create strategies to improve outcomes.
Design and rationale of haemodynamic guidance with CardioMEMS in patients with a left ventricular assist device: the HEMO‐VAD pilot study
Authors: Veenis Jesse F. , Manintveld Olivier C. , Constantinescu Alina A. , Caliskan Kadir , Birim Ozcan , Bekkers Jos A. , van Mieghem Nicolas M. , den Uil Corstiaan A. , Boersma Eric , Lenzen Mattie J. , Zijlstra Felix , Abraham William T. , Adamson Philip B. , Brugts Jasper J. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractAimsWe aim to study the feasibility and clinical value of pulmonary artery pressure monitoring with the CardioMEMS™ device in order to optimize and guide treatment in patients with a HeartMate 3 left ventricular assist device (LVAD).Methods and resultsIn this single‐centre, prospective pilot study, we will include 10 consecutive patients with New York Heart Association Class IIIb or IV with Interagency Registry for Mechanically Assisted Circulatory Support Classes 2–5 scheduled for implantation of a HeartMate 3 LVAD. Prior to LVAD implantation, patients will receive a CardioMEMS sensor, for daily pulmonary pressure readings. The haemodynamic information provided by the CardioMEMS will be used to improve haemodynamic status prior to LVAD surgery and optimize the timing of LVAD implantation. Post‐LVAD implantation, the haemodynamic changes will be assessed for additive value in detecting potential complications in an earlier stage (bleeding and tamponade). During the outpatient clinic phase, we will assess whether the haemodynamic feedback can optimize pump settings, detect potential complications, and further tailor the clinical management of these patients.ConclusionsThe HEMO‐VAD study is the first prospective pilot study to explore the safety and feasibility of using CardioMEMS for optimization of LVAD therapy with additional (remote) haemodynamic information.
A Highly Sensitive Electrochemiluminescence Choline Biosensor Based on Poly(aniline‐luminol‐hemin) Nanocomposites
Authors: Yang Yaru , Zhang Yanhui , Wei Lu , Li Guixin , Guan Ming , Tian Shuge 
Published: January 2019

AbstractPoly(aniline‐luminol‐hemin) nanocomposites are prepared on an electrode surface through electropolymerization, and a highly sensitive electrochemiluminescence (ECL) biosensor for choline is developed based on the poly(aniline‐luminol‐hemin) nanocomposites and an enzyme catalyzed reaction of choline oxidase (CHOD). The obtained nanocomposites are characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) and ECL. The results indicate that hemin can be incorporated into the poly(aniline‐luminol) nanocomposites using the facile electropolymerization method, and the poly(aniline‐luminol‐hemin) nanocomposites are rod shaped porous nanostructure. Moreover, the poly(aniline‐luminol‐hemin) nanocomposites exhibit higher ECL intensity than poly(aniline‐luminol) nanocomposites in alkaline media due to the catalytic effect of hemin on the ECL of the polymerized luminol and the electron transfer ability of hemin in the nanocomposites. CHOD is immobilized on the surface of the poly(aniline‐luminol‐hemin) nanocomposites modified electrode with glutaraldehyde, and the ECL biosensor based on poly(aniline‐luminol‐hemin)/CHOD exhibits a wider linear range for the choline detection. The enhanced ECL signals are linear with the logarithm of concentration of choline over the range of 1.0×10−11∼1.0×10−7 mol L−1 with a low detection limit of 1.2×10−12 mol L−1. Moreover, the proposed biosensor is successfully applied to the detection of choline in milk.
The establishment of a new culture of Hyalella azteca that would permit toxicity tests to be conducted on low–ionic strength waters
Authors: Walsh Stephanie , Gosselin Isabelle , Lee David , Stuart Marilyne 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

The objective of the present study was to establish a culture of Hyalella azteca that could be used for laboratory toxicity testing in low–ionic strength waters with electrical conductivities of &lt;200 μS/cm. A wild strain of H. azteca was collected from Twin Lake, a small seepage lake with an electrical conductivity of 81 ± 27 μS/cm located on the property of Chalk River Laboratories in Chalk River, Canada. To determine the minimum aqueous ion requirements for an optimal culturing medium for the Twin Lake strain, Twin Lake was monitored for water quality and ionic content over 4 yr. Water quality parameters were averaged and used to formulate a medium containing NaHCO3, CaCl2, MgSO4, KCl, NaBr, NaF, and LiCl, with an electrical conductivity of 89 ± 3 μS/cm. By evaluating survival and reproduction, it was concluded that this artificial medium promoted survival and supported reproduction (10 ± 4 neonates/female/wk) of the Twin Lake amphipod. The Twin Lake strain of H. azteca can, therefore, be maintained in laboratory settings, and this allows for toxicity testing to be conducted on low–ionic strength waters. Environ Toxicol Chem 2019;38:585–590. © 2019 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of SETAC.
Comparative dissolution, uptake, and toxicity of zinc oxide particles in individual aquatic species and mixed populations
Authors: Wu Fan , Harper Bryan J. , Harper Stacey L. 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

Potential differences in species susceptibility to nanoparticle (NP) contaminants make the use of multispecies community toxicity testing strategies beneficial in understanding NP risk to aquatic environments. Because of the limited knowledge of zinc oxide (ZnO) NP fate and toxicity, we conducted multispecies exposures and compared the responses of individual species to the same species in a community comprised of algae (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii), bacteria (Escherichia coli), crustaceans (Daphnia magna), and zebrafish (Danio rerio). Different-sized ZnO particles and ionic Zn were compared to investigate the contribution of particulate and dissolved Zn to aquatic organism toxicity. Each organism and community was exposed to Zn sources at 0.08, 0.8, and 8 mg Zn/L. The present results indicate that all 3 types of Zn elicited differential toxicity among test organisms, with stronger adverse outcomes observed in single species than within a community. The community assay (nanocosm) we developed increased resilience to all Zn exposures by 5 to 10% compared to individual exposures at equivalent concentrations. In addition, the uptake and toxicity of ZnO particles to aquatic communities appear to be driven by rapid dissolution and the concomitant impacts of zinc ion toxicity, and the size of the ZnO particles had little impact on uptake or toxicity. The nanocosm assay could be a useful screening tool for rapidly assessing the potential impacts of nanomaterials to aquatic species. Environ Toxicol Chem 2019;38:591–602. © 2019 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of SETAC.
Abstract
Zinc released from nanoparticles elicits lower ecotoxicity in small-scale microcosms.
Fish embryo tests and acute fish toxicity tests are interchangeable in the application of the threshold approach
Authors: Rawlings Jane M. , Belanger Scott E. , Connors Kristin A. , Carr Gregory J. 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

A database was compiled for algal Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) test guideline 201, for Daphnia magna OECD test guideline 202, for the acute fish toxicity (AFT) OECD test guideline 203, and for the fish embryo toxicity (FET) OECD test guideline 236 to assess the suitability and applicability of the FET test in a threshold approach context. In the threshold approach, algal and Daphnia toxicity are assessed first, after which a limit test is conducted at the lower of the 2 toxicity values using fish. If potential fish toxicity is indicated, a full median lethal concentration assay is performed. This tiered testing strategy can significantly reduce the number of fish used in toxicity testing because algae or Daphnia are typically more sensitive than fish. A total of 165 compounds had AFT and FET data available, and of these, 82 had algal and Daphnia acute toxicity data available. Algae and Daphnia were more sensitive 75 to 80% of the time. Fish or FET tests were most sensitive 20 and 16% of the time, respectively, when considered as the sole fish toxicity indicator and 27% of the time when both were considered simultaneously. When fish were the most sensitive trophic level, different compounds were identified as the most toxic in FET and to AFT tests; however, the differences were not so large that they resulted in substantially different outcomes when potencies were binned using the United Nations categories of aquatic toxicity under the Globally Harmonized System for classification and labeling. It is recommended that the FET test could be used to directly replace the AFT test in the threshold approach or could be used as the definitive test if an AFT limit test indicated toxicity potential for a chemical. Environ Toxicol Chem 2019;38:671–681. © 2019 SETAC
Electronic Structure and Room Temperature Ferromagnetism in Gd‐doped Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles for Hydrogen Generation via Photocatalytic Water Splitting
Authors: Soni Swati , Chouhan Neelu , Meena Rajesh Kumar , Kumar Sudhish , Dalela Bhavna , Mishra Monu , Meena Rajendra Singh , Gupta Govind , Kumar Shalendra , Alvi Parvez Ahmad , Dalela Saurabh 
Published: January 2019

AbstractEnhanced visible light photocatalytic activity of Gd‐doped CeO2 nanoparticles (NPs) is experimentally demonstrated, whereas there are very few reports on this mechanism with rare earth doping. All‐pure and Gd‐doped CeO2 NPs are synthesized using a coprecipitation method and characterized using X‐ray diffraction (XRD), absorption spectroscopy, surface‐enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS), X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID). The effect of Gd‐doping on properties of CeO2 is discussed along with defects and oxygen vacancies generation. The XRD confirms the incorporation of Gd3+ at the Ce3+/Ce4+ site by keeping the crystal structure same. The average particle size from transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images is in the range of 5–7 nm. The XPS spectra of Ce 3d, O 1s, and Gd 4d exhibits the formation of oxygen vacancies to maintain the charge neutrality when Ce4+ changes to Ce3+. The gradual increase in hydrogen production is observed with increasing Gd concentration. The observed results are in good correlation with the characterization results and a mechanism of water splitting is proposed on the basis of analyses. The absorption spectra reveal optical band gap (2.5–2.7 eV) of samples, showing band gap narrowing leads to desired optical absorbance and photoactivity of NPs.
Survival impact of treatment delays in surgically managed oropharyngeal cancer and the role of human papillomavirus status
Authors: Goel Alexander N. , Frangos Mariana , Raghavan Govind , Sangar Sophia , Lazaro Stephanie , Wang Marilene B. , Long Jennifer L. , St. John Maie A. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe impact of treatment delays on survival in oropharyngeal cancer and whether the effect varies by human papillomavirus (HPV) status have yet to be defined.MethodsRetrospective analysis of the survival impact of time from diagnosis to surgery (DTS), surgery to radiation (SRT), and duration of radiation (RTD) for patients in the National Cancer Database with resected oropharyngeal cancer who underwent adjuvant radiation from 2010 to 2014.ResultsWe identified optimal thresholds of 30, 40, and 51 days for DTS, SRT, and RTD, respectively, with treatment times exceeding these thresholds associated with significantly worse overall survival. Prolonged SRT and RTD were associated with mortality regardless of HPV status, although rising DTS was only predictive among patients with HPV‐negative tumors.ConclusionsTreatment delays significantly impact survival in oropharyngeal cancer. The consequences of prolonged DTS may be stronger in HPV‐negative than HPV‐positive disease. These data serve as a foundation for future research and clinical management.
Government expenditure on health and maternal mortality in México: A spatial‐econometric analysis
Authors: Pérez‐Pérez Eduardo , Serván‐Mori Edson , Nigenda Gustavo , Ávila‐Burgos Leticia , Mayer‐Foulkes David 
Published: January 2019

SummaryObjectiveTo assess the relationship between government expenditure on maternal health (GE) and maternal mortality (MM) in Mexican poor population between 2000 and 2015 in the 2457 Mexican municipalities.MethodsUsing administrative data, we performed the analysis in three stages: First, we tested the presence of selection bias in MM. Next, we assessed the presence of spatial dependence in the incidence and severity of MM. Finally, we estimated a spatial error model considering the correction of estimates for the spatial dependence and selection bias assessed before.ResultsMM and GE were not randomly distributed throughout the Mexican territory; the most socially vulnerable municipalities exhibited the highest levels of MM severity but the lowest levels of GE and available human and physical resources for maternal health; the incidence of MM was independent of GE; elasticity of GE‐severity in MM was −4% (P < 0.01).ConclusionsResource allocation for maternal health must move towards a more comprehensive vision, and efforts to achieve an effective delivery of universal health services must improve, particularly regarding the most vulnerable municipalities.
Efficacy of a synthetic calcium phosphate with submicron surface topography as autograft extender in lapine posterolateral spinal fusion
Authors: van Dijk Lukas A. , Barbieri Davide , Barrère‐de Groot Florence , Yuan Huipin , Oliver Rema , Christou Chris , Walsh William R. , de Bruijn Joost D. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractPosterolateral spinal fusion (PLF) is a common procedure in orthopedic surgery that is performed to fuse adjacent vertebrae to reduce symptoms related to spinal conditions. In the current study, a novel synthetic calcium phosphate with submicron surface topography was evaluated as an autograft extender in a validated rabbit model of PLF. Fifty‐nine skeletally mature New Zealand white rabbits were divided into three groups and underwent single‐level intertransverse process PLF at L4‐5 using (1) autologous bone graft (ABG) alone or in a 1:1 combination with (2) calcium phosphate granules (ABG/BCPgranules), or (3) granules embedded in a fast‐resorbing polymeric carrier (ABG/BCPputty). After 6, 9, and 12 weeks, animals were sacrificed and spinal fusion was assessed by manual palpation, Radiographs, micro‐CT, mechanical testing (12 weeks only), histology, and histomorphometry. Based on all endpoints, all groups showed a gradual progression in bone formation and maturation during time, leading to solid fusion masses between the transverse processes after 12 weeks. Fusion assessments by manual palpation, radiography and histology were consistent and demonstrated equivalent fusion rates between groups, with high bilateral fusion rates after 12 weeks. Mechanical tests after 12 weeks indicated substantially lower range of motion for all groups, compared to non‐operated controls. By histology and histomorphometry, the gradual formation and maturation of bone in the fusion mass was confirmed for each graft type. With these results, we describe the equivalent performance between autograft and a novel calcium phosphate material as an autograft extender in a rabbit model of PLF using an extensive range of evaluation techniques. © 2019 The Authors. Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part B: Applied Biomaterials published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 107B: 2080–2090, 2019.
Removal of gaseous methyl tert‐butyl ether using bagasse activated carbon pretreated with chemical agents
Authors: Pongkua Waleeporn , Dolphen Rujira , Thiravetyan Paitip 
Published: January 2019

AbstractBackgroundMethyl tert‐butyl ether (MTBE), an anti‐knocking reagent emitted from incomplete gasoline combustion can affect human health. Bagasse activated carbon (AC) was modified by H2SO4, KOH, CaCl2/HCl and HNO3 to increase surface area and surface functional groups which led to enhance MTBE adsorption.ResultsThe results showed maximum adsorption capacity (Qmax) of MTBE by bagasse AC modified by H2SO4 was the highest (989.33 mg g−1), while the lowest was bagasse AC modified by HNO3 (463.82 mg g−1). Not much difference was shown to the surface area and micropore volume of the different modified materials. Therefore, the surface functional groups on the different modified materials played an important role in MTBE adsorption. H2SO4 modified bagasse AC had a higher maximum adsorption capacity than a commercial AC (CGC12) (560.48 mg g−1), which might be due to the presence of higher ester (CO), carbonyl (CO) and CH stretching groups than commercial AC and other modified bagasse ACs.ConclusionSurface functional groups of adsorbents play an important role in MTBE adsorption. Consequently, it will be possible to enhance MTBE removal by increasing ester (CO), carbonyl (CO) and CH groups on the material's surface. These functional groups are directly involved in MTBE adsorption. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Comparative omasum anatomy in ruminants: Relationships with natural diet, digestive physiology, and general considerations on allometric investigations
Authors: Ehrlich Christian , Codron Daryl , Hofmann Reinhold R. , Hummel Jürgen , Clauss Marcus 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe omasum is the third forestomach compartment of pecoran ruminants. It is assumed that the re‐absorption of fluid present in the forestomach digesta (that facilitates particle sorting, digestion, and harvest of microbes) is its main function, so that less diluted digesta is submitted to enzymatic digestion in the lower digestive tract. Here, we evaluate measures of omasum size (representing 84 ruminant species in the largest data set) against body mass and proxies of the natural diet (%grass) or forestomach physiology (fluid throughput), using phylogenetically controlled models. The origin of specimens (free‐ranging or captive) did not have an effect in the data set. Models with the best support invariably either included %grass or a physiology proxy in addition to body mass. These effects were not necessarily additive (affecting the intercept of the allometric regression), but often indicated a change in the allometric body mass‐exponent with diet or physiology. Only models that allowed an influence on the allometric exponent yielded basic exponents compatible with predictions derived from geometry. Species that include more grass in their natural diet, or that have a “cattle‐type” physiology marked by a high forestomach fluid throughput, generally have larger omasa. However, the existence of outliers, as well as the overall data pattern, suggest that this is not an obligatory morphophysiological condition. Circumstantial evidence is presented leading to the hypothesis that the comparatively small and less complex omasa of “moose‐type” species do not necessarily represent an “original” state, but may be derived from more complex states by ontogenetic reduction and fusion of omasal laminae.
Modest immigration can rescue a reintroduced carnivore population
Authors: Grauer Jennifer A. , Gilbert Jonathan H. , Woodford James E. , Eklund Daniel , Anderson Scott , Pauli Jonathan N. 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACTReintroductions are frequently conducted to restore carnivore populations, though many fail despite following best management practices. Although demographic approaches are increasingly used to assess reintroduced populations, immigration is often overlooked in reintroduction planning and assessment. American martens (Martes americana) were reintroduced to 2 sites in Wisconsin, the Nicolet and Chequamegon national forests, which have anecdotally experienced differential population recovery. Via non‐invasive sampling and a mark‐recapture framework, we explored the possible mechanisms behind the divergent trajectories of the Nicolet National Forest (Nicolet) population, which appears to be recovering, and the Chequamegon National Forest (Chequamegon) population, which appears to be declining toward extinction. We tested for site‐level differences in survival, estimated population size, and calculated immigration rates based on simulations of the original reintroductions to the Nicolet. We then projected each population forward, both with and without our estimated immigration rate. We calculated a current population size of 66 female martens in the Nicolet, and estimated that the reintroduced population would have reached this size if supplemented by 1 female immigrant per year. We simulated future populations with the estimate of 1 female immigrant per year; this sustained level of immigration to the Nicolet reduced the probability of extinction to <1% over the next 100 years. When we applied the same rate of immigration to the starting population of 22 female martens in the Chequamegon, extinction probabilities were reduced by approximately 30%. Despite similarities between the 2 reintroduction sites, we propose that the differential population recovery was primarily due to modest rates of immigration to the Nicolet and the relative isolation of the Chequamegon population. Martens in the Chequamegon have been projected to go extinct in the foreseeable future, yet increasing connectivity with the Nicolet or Upper Peninsula of Michigan could improve persistence. Our results illustrate the effect of modest immigration on reintroduction success and the importance of planning for connectivity across reintroduction sites. © 2019 The Wildlife Society.