bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Selective Attention and Musical Training on the Cortical Speech Tracking in the Delta and Theta Frequency Bands
Authors: Schüller Alina , Mücke Annika , Riegel Jasmin , Reichenbach Tobias 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Oral communication regularly takes place amidst background noise, requiring the ability to selectively attend to a target speech stream. Musical training has been shown to be beneficial for this task. Regarding the underlying neural mechanisms, recent studies showed that the speech envelope is tracked by neural activity in auditory cortex, which plays a role in the neural processing of speech, including speech in noise. The neural tracking occurs predominantly in two frequency bands, the delta and the theta bands. However, much regarding the specifics of these neural responses, as well as their modulation through musical training, still remain unclear. Here, we investigated the delta- and theta-band cortical tracking of the speech envelope of target and distractor speech using magnetoencephalography (MEG) recordings. We thereby assessed both musicians and nonmusicians to explore potential differences between these groups. The cortical speech tracking was quantified through source-reconstructing the MEG data and subsequently relating the speech envelope in a certain frequency band to the MEG data using linear models. We thereby found the theta-band tracking to be dominated by early responses with comparable magnitudes for target and distractor speech, whereas the delta band tracking exhibited both earlier and later responses that were modulated by selective attention. Almost no significant differences emerged in the neural responses between musicians and nonmusicians. Our findings show that only the speech tracking in the delta but not in the theta band contributes to selective attention, but that this mechanism is essentially unaffected by musical training.
Turbiditylenchus corticeus n. gen., n. sp. (Rhabditida: Anguinidae) from the bark of Eucalyptus macrorhyncha from the Australian Capital Territory
Authors: Huston Daniel C. , Khudhir Manda , Hodda Mike 
Published: November 2024

Summary
A new genus and species of the Anguinidae, Turbiditylenchus corticeus n. gen., n. sp., was isolated from the bark of Eucalyptus macrorhyncha from southeastern Australia. Turbiditylenchus corticeus is readily differentiated from all recognised anguinid genera and is characterised primarily by a slender body, lateral field with six incisures, an anteriorly flattened lip region continuous with the body, delicate stylet 7.9-9.9 μm long, muscular median bulb containing a strongly refractive valve, post-vulval uterine sac 1.87-4.4 times vulval body diam., conical tail with pointed tip, and males with leptoderan bursa and spicules 20.5-25.8 μm in length. The phylogenetic relationships of the new species with other anguinid lineages were reconstructed using sequences of the small subunit ribosomal RNA (18S rRNA), the internal transcribed spacer region (ITS; comprising ITS1-5.8S-ITS2) and partial large subunit ribosomal RNA (28S rRNA D2-D3) genes based on Bayesian inference and maximum likelihood analyses. These analyses demonstrate the new species represents a lineage distinct from all other anguinids. Based on phylogenetic results we also transfer Ditylenchus parvicauda Gu, Ma, Castillo & Munawar, 2024 and Ditylenchus gracicauda Gu, Ma, Castillo & Munawar, 2024 to Ditylenchoides Subbotin & Ryss, 2024 as Ditylenchoides parvicauda n. comb. and Ditylenchoides gracicauda n. comb.
Le four de Noé : un cas d’intertextualité coranique
Authors: Mongellaz Olivier 
Published: November 2024

Résumé
En rapportant l’histoire de Noé, le Coran mentionne un motif narratif étrange : un four (tannūr) duquel de l’eau déborde (Cor 11, 40 ; 23, 27). Dans la mesure où pareil motif n’est guère expliqué par l’énoncé coranique, il a posé et continue de poser problème au lecteur. Les exégètes musulmans, qui furent les premiers à appréhender le Coran, notèrent la difficulté et tâchèrent de la résoudre en s’appuyant sur la sémantique et en fournissant divers récits étiologiques. Des siècles plus tard, les orientalistes crurent trouver la clef de cette énigme dans le patrimoine rabbinique. Mais dès 1867, en publiant son édition d’une chaîne arabe, Paul de Lagarde attirait l’attention du monde académique sur certains fragments attribués à Hippolyte de Rome mentionnant, dans l’histoire de Noé, un four duquel de l’eau déborde. Pour plusieurs raisons, il fallut attendre 1995 pour qu’un rapprochement soit explicitement opéré entre ces fragments et le Coran. Dans la présente étude, nous suivrons cette piste de recherche et tâcherons de déterminer la relation que ces fragments entretiennent avec l’énoncé coranique.
The Dual Meaning of Šafāʿa and the Social Function of the Saints in Mamluk Society
Authors: Amir Or 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In pre-modern Islamic societies, the Sufi šayḫ was the ultimate model of the saint, who offered the laity a direct channel for intercession with God. Focusing on the šayḫs’ relations with the Mamluk elite, and examining the dual meaning of the term šafāʽa, which represents both sacred and mundane intercession, this article shows that the saints’ intercessory role was not limited to the spiritual sphere but applied also to the mundane realm of interceding between rulers and subjects. Combining both forms of intercession, while maintaining the aura of otherworldliness, greatly increased the appeal of many Sufi šayḫs. However, balancing both required some maneuvering on the part of the šayḫs, which the article considers.
The European Court of Human Rights’ Case Law on the Rights of Judges in the cee States – Towards A Rule of Law Standard?
Authors: Selejan-Guțan Bianca 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Recent examples from the case law of the European Court of Human Rights and the Court of Justice of the European Union show that judicial independence across Europe is still under stress in certain countries. In the last four years, a rich body of jurisprudence has been developed by the ECtHR around the rights of judges: right to a fair trial, right to privacy, freedom of expression, right to liberty and security. These cases comprise a vital component of the rule of law references by the Strasbourg Court, which became more willing to include the protection of the rights of the members of the judiciary in the Convention’s application sphere. The attacks against judicial independence at the origin of these cases are diverse, and there is no unique recipe for how to respond. The article posits that this jurisprudence can become one of the criteria to assess a state’s compliance with the rule of law requirements. However, the results still depend too much on the political will of the states concerned.
Colonial Interactions
Authors: Pomar Azar Darío Karim 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This research article analyses the complex interplay between international law and Islamic law in shaping the possibilities for Palestinian (armed) resistance against Israeli occupation. It uses “interaction” (between two legal systems with much epistemological overlap) as a lens with which to ground this meta-analysis, understanding international law and Islamic law as necessarily co-constitutive. Following a historical and macro-scale examination of this relationship, the research article then applies the analysis to Mandate Palestine, identifying a Palestinian “state of exception” that excludes Palestinians from international law’s ‘protective jurisdiction’. As such, the article situates Palestinian (armed) resistance within the gap that emerges between international law’s colonial reverberations and Islamic law’s emancipatory potential.
The Historical Roots behind the Libyan State Failure
Authors: Bin Musa Ali 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This paper discusses the phenomenon of state failure in general and uses the current Libyan state as a case study by tracing the historical path of the formation of the modern Libyan state, specifically the impact of the legacy left by the Gaddafi regime on three main variables: authority, legitimacy, and institutional capacity. It addresses the following question: How did the historical legacy of the Gaddafi regime contribute to the crisis of the Libyan state after 2011? The study is based on the hypothesis that personal authoritarian regimes, such as Gaddafi’s, have the most detrimental impact on institutions in relation to the monopoly of violence, legitimacy, and capacity. This is because the ruling elites in personalistic authoritarian regimes are often unable to restrain the decisions and actions of the head of the regime, who often seeks to dismantle institutions that could limit their power. This contrasts with other types of authoritarian regimes (monarchy, military, one-party) that may, to some extent, maintain institutional rules for governance and the transfer of power.
Electronic Resources Adoption by Academic Staff in Public Universities in Tanzania Using the Technology Acceptance Model
Authors: Kuzilwa Matilda S. , Musabila Albogast 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This paper analyzes emerging issues on the use of electronic resources (e-resources) by academic staff in public universities in Tanzania. Notable issues include factors influencing adoption of e-resources by academic staff. A quantitative research design based on a cross-sectional survey of academic staff in four public universities was used. The study was informed by the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) with demographic and institutional factors like awareness on ICT policy and regulations added. A sample of 292 academic staff obtained through a combination of stratified and random sampling was used. Cross-tabulations and Chi-Square statistics were used for analysis of association to establish the influence of the factors on adoption. Through TAM, perceived benefits were measured by eagerness for promotion and increase in income. Perceived ease of use was measured by capacity built on ICT use and perception on ICT infrastructure. Awareness was measured by members’ recognition of ICT policy and regulations. The findings show that experience, age, and awareness have a significant correlation with e-resources adoption. Also, the mostly accessed and used e-resources by academic staff are scholarly search engines such as Google Scholar.
Perceived Meaningfulness of Semantically Noncongruent Stimuli Increases in Art Context
Authors: Iosifyan Marina , Wolfe Judith 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The media occasionally report instances where people mistake ordinary objects for art. This often happens in art galleries or museums and might suggest that people attribute meaning differently depending on whether the context is artistic or rooted in everyday life. In this manuscript, we investigate how people attribute meaning to seemingly nonsensical sentences and images when they believe they are made by poets or artists. We used a collection of sentences that conclude with semantically congruent and noncongruent words, and a collection of images where the object is either congruent or noncongruent with the background. We randomly assigned participants to the baseline and experimental (art) conditions, telling participants in the art condition that the sentences/images were created by artists. Studies 1 and 2 found that the art context increases the perceived meaningfulness of noncongruent sentences (‘Most cats see well at court’), but not the congruent ones (‘Most cats see well at night’), while Study 3 found a similar effect regarding noncongruent images (a lion in an office) and congruent images (a lion in a field). Additionally, we discuss how individual differences in aberrant salience and religiosity moderate the main effects of the art context on meaning-making. These results advance our theoretical understanding of how art contexts affect the interpretation of meaning and the importance of semantic noncongruency.
The Effect of Rosuvastatin on Facial Nerve Regeneration After Facial Nerve Injury: An Experimental Animal Study
Authors: Dincer Uğur , Verim Ayşegül , Becerik Çağrı , Gürsan Nilüfer , Tepe Karaca Çiğdem , Toros Sema Zer 
Published: November 2024

Objectives: Rosuvastatin is an antihyperlipidemic statin group pharmacological agent with antioxidant, neuroprotective, and anti-inflammatory effects. In this study, we aimed to examine the functional, electrophysiological, and histopathological effects of rosuvastatin or in combination with corticosteroids on facial nerve regeneration in rats with traumatic peripheral facial paralysis (PFP). Methods: PFP was induced in 28 female Sprague Dawley rats that we divided into 4 groups: group 1, control group; group 2, methylprednisolone group; group 3, rosuvastatin group; group 4, rosuvastatin and methylprednisolone group. Electrophysiological, functional, and histopathological examinations were performed before and after the medications. Results: Electrophysiological threshold values of group 3 and group 4 were found to be significantly lower than the control group on day 21 after treatment ( P = .002, P = .001; P < .01).In the histopathological evaluation, axonal degeneration, macrovacuolization, and vascular congestion levels were compared between the groups, and a statistically significant difference was observed in group 4 compared to the control group. The recovery time of the eye corneal reflex was found to be significantly higher in the control group than in groups 3 and 4 when comparing postoperative day 1 to day 7 and postoperative day 1 to day 14. Conclusion: Rosuvastatin, especially when combined with methylprednisolone was found to significantly increase the facial nerve electrophysiological, functional, and histopathological recovery in injury-induced traumatic PFP.
COVID-19 Infection and the Risk of CMV Reactivation: A Systematic Review of Case Reports and Case Series
Authors: Chorya Harshal Prakash , Naik Aastha Ketan 
Published: November 2024

Background and Aims: Several opportunistic infections have increased, including cytomegalovirus (CMV) in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients. The literature has reported few cases, and the authors are not aware of any systematic review of CMV infection reactivation associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. This review aims to assess the incidence of CMV reactivation and its outcomes among patients diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Methods: We searched several electronic literature databases for studies published between 1 November 2019 and 7 February 2022. We then selected all available English-language articles (a total of 15 case reports and case studies) that reported underlying conditions, hospitalisation courses, treatment specifics and clinical outcomes of hospitalised patients coinfected with SARS-CoV-2 and CMV viruses. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed. Results: Out of 1304 screened articles, this review included 15 articles, representing 34 patients. Among those, five were case series and 10 were case reports with patients’ ages ranging from 42 to 92 years. Other parameters evaluated included gender, comorbid conditions, intensive care unit (ICU) length of stay (ranging from 15 to 40.5 days), use of immunosuppressants, other treatments administered and clinical outcome (death for 19 of the 34 patients). Conclusion: Our findings showed that besides immune system dysregulation due to severe COVID-19 infection itself, underlying conditions and the use of immunosuppressants substantially contributed to the reactivation of CMV in hospitalised COVID-19 patients. Additionally, CMV reactivation was linked with poor clinical outcomes, including increased mortality.
Polarization insensitive eye-shape enclosed split ring resonator-based multi-band metamaterial absorber/sensor for S, C, X, Ku, and K-band microwave applications
Authors: Uddin Md Kutub , Hakim Mohammad Lutful , Alam Touhidul , Islam Mohammad Tariqul , Alsaif Haitham , Islam Md Shabiul 
Published: November 2024

This article proposes an eye-shape enclosed split ring resonator (ESE-SRR) based metamaterial absorber for multi-band microwave applications with high absorption levels. Four-fold rotational symmetric eye-shaped electrical resonators form the structure of the proposed metamaterial absorber (MMA) to achieve polarisation-insensitive characteristics. Eight near-unity absorption peaks between S, C, X, Ku, and K-band are achieved, where peak absorptions are attained at 3.349 GHz, 5.06 GHz, 6.829 GHz, 9.178 GHz, 14.54 GHz, 17.96 GHz, 18.89 GHz, and 20.4 GHz with absorption levels of 99.8%, 99.7%, 92.9%, 99.1%, 96.4%, 93.3%, 91.3%, and 99.35%, respectively. The electrical dimension of the unit cell is 0.112λmin × 0.112λmin × 0.018λmin, making it a subwavelength compact structure for oblique incident angle stable absorption behaviour. The absorption characteristics are also investigated with metamaterial properties, surface current, and electromagnetic field distributions. The designed MMA is validated by prototype fabrication and measurement, which shows good agreement with simulation results. Finally, the proposed MMA shows an electrically compact structure with eight near-unity absorption peaks and polarisation insensitivity, which makes it an attractive candidate for absorption, sensing, radar cross-section reduction, etc.
Crohn’s disease management: translating STRIDE-II for UK clinical practice
Authors: Kemp Karen , Samaan Mark A. , Verma Ajay M. , Lobo Alan J. 
Published: November 2024

Crohn’s disease (CD) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) characterised by endoscopic inflammation, progressive bowel damage and gastrointestinal lesions. Although treatment strategies for CD have traditionally focused on a stepwise pharmacological approach to achieve clinical remission or symptom resolution, these treatment goals correlate poorly with disease activity. Thus, achieving full clinical remission and full endoscopic healing alone may be insufficient, as patients may remain at risk of inflammatory complications. Individualised ‘treat-to-target’ (T2T) pharmacological and treatment approaches represent a promising strategy for improving endoscopic remission and symptom resolution among patients with CD. The Selecting Therapeutic Targets in Inflammatory Bowel Disease (STRIDE) and STRIDE-II guidelines, launched in 2013 and later renewed, identified individualised targets for a T2T therapeutic approach for patients with IBD. These guidelines facilitate the individualisation of target treatment goals through evidence-based, long-term (health-related quality of life, absence of disability, endoscopic healing) and intermediate/short-term (abdominal pain, stool frequency, normalisation of biomarker levels) treatment targets, allowing patients and clinicians to consider the risk-to-benefit balance of goals and selected therapeutic strategies. This article aims to summarise the STRIDE-II guidelines and provide intellectual guidance for healthcare professionals to apply the STRIDE-II principles to current clinical practice in the United Kingdom (UK). Management recommendations for primary and secondary first-line non-responders are provided, along with suggestions for utilising the endoscopic outcomes scoring system in UK clinical practice. [Box: see text]
Évaluation de la mise en œuvre des missions de service sanitaire en santé sexuelle en Île-de-France
Authors: Robin Marion , Dariane Charles , de Sousa Ambre , Le Tourneux Marie , Quiley Marie , Frain Elise , Pinot Juliette , Frachon Adèle 
Published: November 2024

Contexte: Le service sanitaire français, réalisé par des étudiants en santé (3ème année), est un programme de promotion de la santé (PS) récent qui est encore peu évalué. Objectif: Cette étude s’est intéressée au service mis en place dans la filière médecine à l’université Paris Cité, sur la thématique santé sexuelle. L’objectif de l’étude est d’évaluer des interventions réalisées par les étudiants en termes pédagogiques et en termes de bonnes pratiques en PS, sur les plans suivants : éthique, qualité du contenu et communication. Méthode: Les actions menées par les groupes d’étudiants dans les établissements scolaires ont été observées, et cotées à l’aide d’une grille standardisée. Résultats: Au total, 28 groupes d’intervention représentant 77 étudiants ont été observés. L’implication des étudiants a été jugée conséquente et leurs objectifs pédagogiques correctement remplis, mais la qualité de la démarche de PS présente un certain nombre d’insuffisances en termes de critères éthiques et techniques. Discussion: Cette étude permet d’envisager des pistes d’évolution des modalités du dispositif et de les comparer au niveau international.
Normative In-Game Data for Collegiate Baseball Pitchers Using Markerless Tracking Technology
Authors: Giordano Kevin A. , Schmitt Abigail , Nebel Adam , Yanagita Yuki , Oliver Gretchen D. 
Published: November 2024

Background: The current standard for motion capture data collection in baseball biomechanics is marker-based optical motion capture. Recent advancement in markerless motion capture capabilities has greatly improved accessibility to in-game, high-precision motion capture data, but specific values may differ from markered systems, necessitating separate normative values. For future data comparison, reference data are needed. Purpose: To describe common kinematic variables in baseball pitching using an in-game markerless motion capture system. Study Design: Descriptive laboratory study. Methods: Kinematic data were collected in 2 collegiate stadiums in the National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I Southeastern Conference using 8 synchronized 300-Hz KinaTrax cameras placed around the playing field. The in-game biomechanics data of 51 pitchers from 5 different teams during the 2023 season were collected; only pitchers with >3 outings during the season were included. After averaging all available fastballs thrown in the first inning of a game, we analyzed triaxial trunk (rotation, flexion, and lean) and pelvic rotation angles in the global reference frame, as well as shoulder rotation, shoulder horizontal abduction, shoulder abduction, elbow flexion, stride knee flexion, and hip-shoulder separation. Results: A total of 509 fastballs were analyzed. Mean fastball velocity was 40.98 m/s (91.5 mph), with a vertical break of 42.0 ± 10.6 cm (16.5 ± 4.2 inches) and a horizontal break of 28.0 ± 11.1 cm (11.0 ± 4.4 inches). Mean stride length was 1.41 ± 0.08 m. The mean arm slot was 59.4°± 9.3°, and the mean upper arm slot was 72.9°± 9.3° at ball release. Additional normative time-series data are presented for commonly analyzed variables, and discrete metrics are provided at distinct time points in the pitching cycle. Conclusion: These data fill a need for separate norms for in-game, markerless motion capture performance metrics, and biomechanics for collegiate baseball pitchers to be used as reference values for researchers, coaches, and clinicians. Clinical Relevance: Clinicians should use these results as reference values to contextualize injury mechanisms and the injury-performance trade-off. These data will also educate clinicians on what athletes’ bodies must do to perform when constructing plans of care and return-to-play timelines.