bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pulmonary cryptococcosis associated with Cryptococcus neoformans in an immunocompetent child
Authors: Xiao Jiying , Chen Jie , Chen Junsong , Zhang Li , Ali Kamran , Wu Suling 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTWe report a pediatric case of pulmonary cryptococcosis caused by Cryptococcus neoformans in an immunocompetent child. Although the patient presented with mild clinical symptoms, pulmonary imaging revealed severe abnormalities. The diagnosis was confirmed through fungal culture of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and detection of serum cryptococcal antigen. An appropriate and adequately administered course of antifungal treatment led to a favorable prognosis.
Update in Asthma Management in Low‐Middle Income Countries
Authors: Lachner Ian , Soto‐Martínez Manuel E. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTAsthma represents a significant global health burden, particularly in low and middle income countries (LMICs), where its impact is disproportionately severe. In these regions, asthma management is characterized by poorer control and greater mortality rates compared to wealthier nations. The prevalence of asthma is on the rise and demographic trends indicate that there would be a greater burden on children given that they represent a larger proportion of the population pyramid in LMICs. Challenges in addressing asthma in LMICs are various, amongst them: health care systems in these countries predominantly focus on acute and infectious diseases, leading to inadequate attention to chronic illnesses. Access to essential controller medications (inhaled corticosteroids) is often limited and availability tends to fluctuate. Infraestructural deficiencies and difficult health care access are also identified barriers. Furthermore, many LMICs struggle to meet the World Health Organization's (WHO) guidelines that are set for a minimum standard of care for asthma treatment. Suggested approaches should be aimed at: foment commitment from local health care providers and governmental involvement on policies to meet minimum standards of care (emphasis on continuous access to controller medications) Equally significant is the implementation of policies designed to augment educational strategies (health care professionals and general population), reduce smoking rates and air pollution.
Outpatient Medications Deimplemented by the AAP Bronchiolitis Guidelines: An Umbrella Review of Meta‐Analyses
Authors: Mellick Larry , Walsh Paul , Clanton Clista , Kalra Sarathi , McKinney Shane 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe 2014 AAP Bronchiolitis Guidelines deimplemented or recommended against the routine therapeutic use of albuterol, hypertonic saline, and epinephrine for infants and children presenting in the outpatient setting. Our objective was to perform an umbrella review of all meta‐analyses that included outpatient subanalyses or network meta‐analyses with medication treatment comparisons to study the clinical benefits of these deimplemented medications in the outpatient (i.e., primary care, urgent care, and emergency department) setting.MethodsSearches were performed in the databases PubMed and Scopus and the Web search engine Google Scholar on the following three topics: albuterol and bronchiolitis, epinephrine and bronchiolitis, and hypertonic saline and bronchiolitis. Article types were limited to systematic reviews and meta‐analyses with outpatient subanalyses, with English language and age restrictions. The search strategy was based on the Population, Intervention, Comparator, Outcomes, Studies (PICOS) framework. The studies were uploaded to Rayyan, a Web‐based platform for managing articles of systematic reviews. Citation tracking and manual review of references were performed for the included studies. The meta‐analyses and network meta‐analyses were reviewed for outpatient subanalyses focused on clinical responses and risk of hospital admission.ResultsA total of 6 meta‐analyses for albuterol, 4 meta‐analyses for epinephrine, and 11 meta‐analyses for hypertonic saline were included. Our review identified evidence from predominantly low and moderate evidence meta‐analyses (assessed using GRADE and AMSTAR 2) indicating that all three deimplemented medications exhibit one or more therapeutic effects and benefits for infants with the bronchiolitis syndrome in the outpatient setting. Effect sizes ranged from medium to near medium. These clinical benefits include decreased hospital admissions and lower clinical severity scores.ConclusionsGiven the heterogeneity of patients under the umbrella term “acute bronchiolitis” and the potential for some patients to respond clinically to albuterol, hypertonic saline, and epinephrine, current evidence supports conducting therapeutic trials in infants with acute bronchiolitis in outpatient settings. However, further well‐designed and adequately powered randomized controlled trials and high‐quality meta‐analyses are still needed.
Examining Elastic Band Properties for Exercise Prescription: AGUEDA Equations
Authors: Fernandez‐Gamez Beatriz , Pulido‐Muñoz Álvaro , Olvera‐Rojas Marcos , Solis‐Urra Patricio , Corral‐Pérez Juan , Morales Javier S. , Jiménez‐Pavón David , Mora‐Gonzalez Jose , Esteban‐Cornejo Irene 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveThe objective of this paper is to quantify muscle load using Theraband elastic bands across seven resistance intensities.MethodsBands were profiled using a force sensor, standardized to 200 cm length, and manually stretched. Measurements for each band were twice recorded at 11 distances and converted to percentages for standardization.ResultsEquations derived from Theraband resistance properties were established (kg = ((elastic constant) ± SE) × percentage of elongation). The standard error ranged from 0.0007 to 0.069, while the coefficient of determination ranged from 0.977 to 0.995.ConclusionThis study provides quantification of resistance across various intensities of Theraband elastic band, offering equations for estimating external load.
Electroencephalography in naturalistic and semi‐naturalistic educational contexts: A systematic review
Authors: García‐Monge Alfonso , Rodríguez‐Navarro Henar , Bores‐García Daniel , González‐Calvo Gustavo 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis systematic review examines 76 studies that have utilised portable electroencephalographic (EEG) devices in naturalistic and semi‐naturalistic contexts. The review considers themes, purposes, contexts, application populations, device characteristics, and data use. The results show a dominance of studies focused on attention, in technology‐mediated semi‐naturalistic situations, in which records are made individually, with university students using low‐cost equipment with fewer than 15 channels. This review highlights an emerging field within educational research that has not yet been fully integrated into educational practice. However, these first experiences can gradually generate a body of knowledge that will facilitate future applications, together with the development of better and more accessible devices. The use of these devices in educational contexts raises ethical concerns, particularly the influence on teaching decisions by opaque commercial algorithms that may oversimplify assessments of specific cognitive processes and fail to adapt to individual student characteristics.
Context and implicationsRationale for this study: Portable EEG devices are emerging tools that offer new insights into cognitive processes in learning situations.Why the new findings are important: The findings of this study demonstrate the potential of EEG to monitor aspects such as attention and cognitive load in real time, which could enhance the personalisation of educational strategies.Implications for educators, researchers and policy makers: This study has implications for educators, researchers and policy makers, as it illustrates how neurotechnology can be integrated into educational settings and emphasises the need for more naturalistic studies to maximise its impact. It also highlights the ethical challenges associated with the use of commercial algorithms in educational decision‐making.
Fabric Solar Evaporator Inspired by Jellyfish for Efficient and Continuous Water Desalination
Authors: Zhang Songnan , Chen Yingcan , Wang Xi , Zhang Zhibin , Zhao Kaiying , Zhang Di , Li Guolong , Zhang Tong , Cheng Yan , Shi Yunlong , Huang Jianying , Qian Xiaoming , Lai Yuekun 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe conversion of solar energy into heat for seawater desalination is emerging as a promising method. However, it requires further research on light absorption, thermal management, and salt deposition to improve water evaporation rates. This study introduces a 3D solar evaporator inspired by jellyfish utilizing honeycomb fabric (HF), which capitalizes on a synergistic effect between the periodically arranged concave unit structure and the Chinese ink and carbon black particles (ink@CB), achieving up to 98% light absorption with ink@CB‐HF. Additionally, the insulating foam effectively separates the evaporating layer from the bulk water, thereby significantly reduces heat loss. Furthermore, the water transport channel and evaporation layer prepared by the hydrophilic flax yarns facilitate ion exchange and water transport, preventing salt accumulation in the photothermal layer during the evaporation. The results demonstrate that the evaporator exhibits an excellent evaporation rate of 1.854 kg m−2 h−1 and a high conversion efficiency of up to 92.2% under 1 sun illumination. It maintains efficient evaporation even under low sunlight or high ion concentration conditions. Notably, the ink@CB‐HF‐foam sustains its stability throughout 15 evaporation cycles. This work provides a new approach to design cost‐effective, highly efficient, and durable solar evaporators for seawater desalination.
Controllable Microwave Heating for Energy‐Efficient and Universal Synthesis of Atomically Dispersed Metals on Nitrogen‐Doped Carbon Nanofibers
Authors: Zhao Haoyue , Song Beibei , Li Han , Li Xinyu , Ge Can , Wu Qilong , Chen Jun , Wang Zhe , Yan Guilong , Fang Jian 
Published: November 2024

AbstractCarbon‐supported single‐atom catalysts (SACs) have shown great potential in electrocatalysis, whereas traditional synthesis methods typically involve energy‐intensive carbonization processes and unfavorable atomic migration and aggregation. Herein, an energy‐efficient and universal strategy is developed to rapidly fabricate various SACs on nitrogen‐doped hierarchically porous carbon nanofibers (M‐TM/NPCNFs, TM = Fe, Co, Ni, FeCo, and FeNi) by electrospinning and controllable microwave heating technique. Such microwave heating technique enables an ultrafast heating rate (ramping to 900 °C in 5 min) to greatly suppress the random migration and aggregation of metal species. Meanwhile, the energy consumption and time can be reduced to 2.5% and less than half an hour, respectively, compared to traditional pyrolysis methods. As a proof of concept, the synthesized M‐Fe/NPCNFs with abundant Fe‐N4 sites exhibit remarkable oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) activity with a high half‐wave potential (E1/2 = 0.88 V) in alkaline media, excellent performance in Zn‐air battery with a large discharge specific capacity (801 mAh g−1) and long‐term cycle durability (over 1000 h), demonstrating the great potential of the microwave heating technique in efficient fabrication of SACs for energy related applications.
Microporous Organic Ladder Polymer with Vertically Aligned Quinones for Sodium‐Ion Battery
Authors: Sarkar Suprabhat , Dutta Tapas Kumar , Jana Krishnendu , Mandal Balaji Prasad , Patra Abhijit 
Published: November 2024

AbstractSodium‐ion battery is emerging as a promising technology in the post‐lithium‐ion battery era to meet the high demand for portable energy storage devices. Custom‐designed organic materials have been pursued as sustainable alternative electrodes for sodium‐ion batteries, offering a solution that bypasses the need for traditional high‐temperature synthesis. However, the challenge lies in achieving the desired electrochemical properties through precise structural modulation and the incorporation of redox‐active functional groups. In this study, a triptycene‐based microporous organic ladder polymer is developed featuring redox‐active quinone moieties, designed as an anode material for high‐performance sodium‐ion batteries. The vertically aligned quinone moieties in the porous ladder polymer prevent the eclipsed stacking of layers, thereby enhancing the exposure of electroactive sites to electrolyte ions. Additionally, the ladder polymer exhibits almost unimodal pores due to its structural rigidity, facilitating fast Na+ ion diffusion. The redox‐active quinone moieties host Na+ ions, and the microporosity supports capacitive ion storage. Consequently, a high reversible specific capacity of 316 mAh g−1 has been achieved. This study introduces a novel design strategy to develop redox‐active microporous ladder polymers by carefully selecting organic building units for efficient Na+ ion storage.
Assessing the Prevalence and Histopathology of Linguatula serrata Infection of Camels and Cattle in Zabol County, Sistan and Baluchestan Province, Iran
Authors: Rahnama Mohammad , Bameri Tayebeh , Sadr Soheil , Lotfalizadeh Narges , Alipour Eskandani Majid , Khedri Javad 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackground/objectiveLinguatula serrata (L. serrata) is a worldwide zoonotic parasite and one of the most widespread pathogens. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of L. serrata in cattle and camels of Zabol County, Sistan and Baluchestan Province, Iran.MethodsFrom March 2014 to February 2021, 300 cattle (48 female and 252 male) and 300 camels (31 female and 269 male) were examined at the Zabol slaughterhouse, encompassing different age groups. The cattle breeds were indigenous (native Sistani breeds) and non‐indigenous (breeds introduced from external regions), while all the camels were native breeds. To identify L. serrata nymphs, three samples of mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs) were meticulously collected in phosphate‐buffered saline immediately after slaughtering.ResultsAccording to the results, 4.33% (13/300) of cattle were infected with L. serrata, with six females and seven males infected. There was a significant difference in the prevalence of infection between females (6/48, 12.5%) and males (7/252, 2.77%) of cattle (p = 0.009). Moreover, cattle older than 3 years had significantly more infections with L. serrata nymphs (16.07%, 9/56) than cattle of other ages (p < 0.001). Compared to other seasons, autumn showed a high prevalence of parasites (8.1%, 6/74) (p = 0.017). Regarding the camels, only 3.66% (11/300) were infected, and there was no significant difference in infection rates between male and female camels or between seasons (p > 0.05). The infection rate was higher in camels older than 3 years (n = 9) than in camels younger than 3 years (p < 0.05). The MLNs of infected cattle were edematous, red, enlarged and characterized by an eosinophilic granulomatous reaction with mononuclear inflammatory cells.ConclusionThe present study had low rates of L. serrata infection because the farms were clean, and cattle and camels did not have contact with final hosts such as dogs and wild canids. This suggests that their management strategies, including secure and preventative measures, were effective.
Overall satisfaction following laparoscopic fundoplication for patients with atypical extraesophageal symptoms: A comparative cohort study
Authors: Hua Jamie , Irvine Tanya , Thompson Sarah K. , Bright Tim , Watson David I. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundSome patients with gastroesophageal reflux (GERD) experience extraesophageal symptoms, which are considered due to laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR). Most studies evaluating fundoplication for LPR report outcomes from individuals who also have typical esophageal GERD symptoms. Information is limited for patients with LPR but no GERD symptoms. To determine whether LPR patients benefit from fundoplication outcomes were determined for individuals with LPR ± GERD and also those without LPR.MethodsPatients undergoing fundoplication from 1997 to 2015 were identified and divided into three symptom groups: LPR only, LPR and GERD, and GERD only. Heartburn, dysphagia, and satisfaction were assessed using 0–10 analog scores and compared at short (1–2 years) and later (5 years) follow‐up.Results2204 patients underwent fundoplication. 24 patients had LPR only, 130 patients had LPR and GERD, and matched to 1319 patients with GERD only. At 1–2 years follow‐up, the LPR only group had lower satisfaction scores than those with GERD symptoms (± concurrent LPR) (7.00 ± 3.49 vs. 8.41 ± 2.42, p = 0.019, and mean ± s.d.). At 1–2 years, 68.1% of the LPR only group had a good outcome (satisfaction score: 7–10) versus 84.6% with LPR and GERD and 84.1% with GERD only.ConclusionAt 1–2 years follow‐up, patients with LPR only were less satisfied following fundoplication compared with patients with typical GERD (±LPR). However, some patients with LPR only did benefit and might be considered for surgery if appropriately counseled. Outcomes were similar for patients with LPR and typical GERD and those with only typical symptoms.
The influence of coordination mode differences on the structural diversity and fluorescence properties of Zn(II)/Cd(II) Schiff base complexes
Authors: Deng WenTing 
Published: November 2024

Four metal complexes 1 : Zn2Cl2L2, 2 : Zn2(CH3OO)2L2·MeCN, 3 : Zn(NO3)2HL, 4 : CdCl2HL were obtained by coordinating the flexible Schiff‐base ligand 4‐amino‐N'‐(di(pyridin‐2‐yl)methylene)benzohydrazide (abbreviated as HL) with the Zn(II) and Cd(II). X‐ray single crystal diffraction confirms that the four complexes 1‐4 employ two different coordination modes. Moreover, the structures of complexes 1 and 2 are accompanied by deproton behavior, and these structural differences not only increase the fluorescence quantum yield but also produce a red shift in fluorescence emission. TD‐DFT calculations confirm that these performance changes are related to the coordination mode and coordination environment. This work not only construct the four fluorescent complexes, but also further deepen the understanding of the structure‐activity relationship between the structure of the complexes and the fluorescence properties.
Graviton topology
Authors: Palmerduca E. , Qin H. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Over the past three decades, it has been shown that discrete and continuous media can support topologically nontrivial waves. Recently, it was shown that the same is true of the vacuum, in particular, right (R) and left (L) circularly polarized photons are topologically nontrivial. Here, we study the topology of another class of massless particles, namely gravitons. We show that the collection of all gravitons forms a topologically trivial vector bundle over the lightcone, allowing us to construct a globally smooth basis for gravitons. The graviton bundle also has a natural geometric splitting into two topologically nontrivial subbundles, consisting of the R and L gravitons. The R and L gravitons are unitary irreducible bundle representations of the Poincaré group, and are thus elementary particles; their topology is characterized by the Chern numbers ∓4. This nontrivial topology obstructs the splitting of graviton angular momentum into spin and orbital angular momentum.
Is model-based dose calculation based on cone-beam computed tomography suitable for adaptive treatment planning in brachytherapy?
Authors: Karius Andre , Shariff Maya , Schaller Sabrina , Lotter Michael , Strnad Vratislav , Lackner Niklas , Fietkau Rainer , Bert Christoph , Merten Ricarda , Schweizer Claudia 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background and purpose
Model-based dose calculation considering tissue compositions is increasingly being investigated in brachytherapy. The aim of this study was to assess the suitability of modern cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) imaging compared to conventional computed tomography (CT) scans for this purpose.

Materials and methods
By means of a phantom study, we evaluated the CT numbers and electron densities measured using a modern CBCT device as well as a conventional CT scanner for various materials. Based on this, we compared dose calculations (using the TG-43 formalism as well as model-based collapsed cone calculations assuming uniform materials [ACEuniform] and considering CT numbers [ACECT#]) on planning CTs and control CBCTs for patients with cervical and breast cancer as well as phantom-simulated skin cancer cases. Assessing dosimetric deviations between the planning CTs and control CBCTs acquired during the treatment course served to estimate interfractional implant variations.

Results
The comparison of ACEuniform–ACECT# deviations between planning CTs and control CBCTs revealed no statistically significant difference for almost all examined dose parameters. Dosimetric deviations between model-based dose calculations and TG-43 were partly significant but of small magnitude (< 10 cGy per fraction). Interfractional dosimetric variations were substantially larger than the dosimetric differences found between the various dose calculation procedures.

Conclusion
Model-based dose calculation based on modern CBCT imaging was suitable. However, the found differences between these calculations and the TG-43 formalism should be investigated in dose–outcome analyses. The observed interfractional dosimetric variations revealed the importance of performing treatment quality assurance.
Entangled appearance and motion structures network for multi-object tracking and segmentation
Authors: Aryanfar Ehsan , Aliyari Shoorehdeli Mahdi , Seydi Vahid 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The object segmentation mask’s observation sequence shows the trend of changes in the object’s observable geometric form, and predicting them may assist in solving various difficulties in multi-object tracking and segmentation (MOTS). With this aim, we propose the entangled appearance and motion structures network (EAMSN), which can predict the object segmentation mask at the pixel level by integrating VAE and LSTM. Regardless of the surroundings, each EAMSN keeps complete knowledge about the sequence of probable changes in the seen map of the object and its related dynamics. It suggests that EAMSN understands the item meaningfully and is not reliant on instructive examples. As a result, we propose a novel MOTS algorithm. By employing different EAMSNs for each kind of item and training them offline, ambiguities in the segmentation mask discovered for that object may be recovered, and precise estimation of the real boundaries of the object at each step. We analyze our tracker using the KITTI MOTS and MOTS challenges datasets, which comprise car and pedestrian objects, to illustrate the usefulness of the suggested technique. As a result, we developed distinct EAMSNs for cars and pedestrians, trained using the MODELNET40 and Human3.6 M datasets, respectively. The discrepancy between training and testing data demonstrates that EAMSN is not dependent on training data. Finally, we compared our strategy to a variety of other ways. Compared to the published findings, our technique gets the best overall performance.