bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigating the effect of El Niño on nitrous oxide distribution in the eastern tropical South Pacific
Authors: Ji Qixing , Altabet Mark A. , Bange Hermann W. , Graco Michelle I. , Ma Xiao , Arévalo-Martínez Damian L. , Grundle Damian S. 
Published: May 2019

Abstract. The open ocean is a major source of nitrous oxide
(N2O), an atmospheric trace gas attributable to global warming and
ozone depletion. Intense sea-to-air N2O fluxes occur in major oceanic
upwelling regions such as the eastern tropical South Pacific (ETSP). The
ETSP is influenced by the El Niño–Southern Oscillation that leads to
inter-annual variations in physical, chemical, and biological properties in
the water column. In October 2015, a strong El Niño event was developing
in the ETSP; we conduct field observations to investigate (1) the N2O
production pathways and associated biogeochemical properties and (2) the
effects of El Niño on water column N2O distributions and fluxes
using data from previous non-El Niño years. Analysis of N2O natural
abundance isotopomers suggested that nitrification and partial
denitrification (nitrate and nitrite reduction to N2O) were occurring
in the near-surface waters; indicating that both pathways contributed to
N2O effluxes. Higher-than-normal sea surface temperatures were
associated with a deepening of the oxycline and the oxygen minimum layer.
Within the shelf region, surface N2O supersaturation was nearly an
order of magnitude lower than that of non-El Niño years. Therefore, a
significant reduction of N2O efflux (75 %–95 %) in the ETSP
occurred during the 2015 El Niño. At both offshore and coastal stations,
the N2O concentration profiles during El Niño showed moderate
N2O concentration gradients, and the peak N2O concentrations
occurred at deeper depths during El Niño years; this was likely the
result of suppressed upwelling retaining N2O in subsurface waters. At
multiple stations, water-column inventories of N2O within the top 1000 m were up to 160 % higher than those measured in non-El Niño years,
indicating that subsurface N2O during El Niño could be a reservoir
for intense N2O effluxes when normal upwelling is resumed after El
Niño.
The recent developments in cloud removal approaches of MODIS snow cover product
Authors: Li Xinghua , Jing Yinghong , Shen Huanfeng , Zhang Liangpei 
Published: May 2019

Abstract. The snow cover products of optical remote sensing systems
play an important role in research into global climate change, the
hydrological cycle, and the energy balance. Moderate Resolution Imaging
Spectroradiometer (MODIS) snow cover products are the most popular datasets
used in the community. However, for MODIS, cloud cover results in spatial
and temporal discontinuity for long-term snow monitoring. In the last few
decades, a large number of cloud removal methods for MODIS snow cover
products have been proposed. In this paper, our goal is to make a
comprehensive summarization of the existing algorithms for generating
cloud-free MODIS snow cover products and to expose the development trends.
The methods of generating cloud-free MODIS snow cover products are
classified into spatial methods, temporal methods, spatio-temporal methods,
and multi-source fusion methods. The spatial methods and temporal methods
remove the cloud cover of the snow product based on the spatial patterns and
temporal changing correlation of the snowpack, respectively. The
spatio-temporal methods utilize the spatial and temporal features of snow
jointly. The multi-source fusion methods utilize the complementary
information among different sources among optical observations, microwave
observations, and station observations.
Technique for Evaluation of Gravity-Assisted Esophageal Transit Characteristics in Dogs with Megaesophagus
Authors: Haines Jillian M. , Khoo Alison , Brinkman Erin , Thomason John M. , Mackin Andrew J. 
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACTMovement of food material in the esophagus during upright feeding in dogs with megaesophagus (ME) is poorly characterized. A standardized contrast videofluoroscopy technique was used to evaluate esophageal transit characteristics in dogs with ME while in an upright position. Twelve dogs with ME (congenital, acquired idiopathic, or secondary to myasthenia gravis) were placed in an upright position using Bailey chairs and given liquid barium, canned food meatballs, and their normal diet consistency if different than meatballs. Passage of ingesta was videofluoroscopically evaluated by direct observation and change in ingesta area as determined by manual tracing or barium column product calculations. Significant individual variation was seen. Complete esophageal clearance of liquid was seen in four dogs, and complete clearance of meatballs in three dogs, with a median time of 5 min for both. Two of seven dogs fed a slurry diet had complete clearance by 10 min. No significant difference was found between area calculated via tracing or barium column product. Based on imaging results, alterations in food consistency, duration upright, or medication were recommended for nine dogs. In dogs with ME accustomed to a Bailey chair, contrast videofluoroscopy was technically straightforward and allowed for more specific physician-guided management recommendations.
Pneumatosis Coli in a Dog
Authors: Fisk Amanda , Allen-Durrance Ashley 
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACT
The objective of this report is to document a case of pneumatosis coli in an immunosuppressed dog successfully treated with supportive care that included hyperbaric oxygen. A 9 yr old, neutered male Maltese was presented for hematochezia of ∼36 h duration. The dog had a history of immune-mediated thrombocytopenia that was well managed with prednisone and azathioprine. Initial evaluation was unremarkable except for increased rectal temperature and hematochezia on digital rectal examination. Abdominal radiographs revealed diffuse gas within the colonic wall consistent with pneumatosis coli. Scant-free air was also appreciated in the peritoneal and retroperitoneal cavities. The dog was managed for 4 days in hospital with broad spectrum antibiotic, anthelminthic, and gastroprotectant therapy. He received one session of hyperbaric oxygen therapy while in hospital. Repeat abdominal radiographs after 72 hr of medical management showed improvement of the pneumatosis coli. After 4 days of hospitalization, he was discharged with resolution of clinical signs. Pneumatosis coli is rarely diagnosed in dogs but should be considered in cases with clinical signs of colorectal disease.
Outcome of Metastatic and Recurrent Ovarian Dysgerminoma Using Radiation Therapy and Chemotherapy in a Dog
Authors: Wilcox Cassandra L. , Hansen Katherine S. , Kent Michael S. , Phillips Kathryn L. , Willcox Jennifer L. 
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACTAn 8 yr old female spayed poodle/terrier mixed-breed dog was referred for evaluation of a recurrent and metastatic ovarian dysgerminoma. A total dose of 20Gy was administered to both the mediastinal metastatic lesion and retroperitoneal recurrent dysgerminoma in five daily fractions of 4Gy. Acute side effects were mild and self-limiting. This was followed by several courses of chemotherapy using a variety of agents. Despite extensive disease, this patient was still alive at the time of publication, 524 days after presentation and 501 days following completion of radiation. This case report demonstrates tolerability and efficacy of palliative radiation and chemotherapy for this rare tumor type.
Judicial Review of Constitutional Amendments in Turkey
Authors: Özbudun Ergun 
Published: May 2019

Judicial Review of Constitutional Amendments in Turkey: The Question of Unamendability
This article deals with the judicial review of constitutional amendments, which has been a hotly debated constitutional and political issue in Turkey, particularly with regard to the unamendable provisions of the constitution. Since its creation by the Constitution of 1961, the Turkish Constitutional Court has followed a markedly activist and tutelarist approach regarding this issue and annulled several constitutional amendments arguing that they violated the unamendable provisions of the Constitution. Recently, however, the Court adopted a self-restraining approach. This shift can be explained as part of the political regime’s drift towards competitive authoritarianism and the governing party’s (AKP) capturing almost total control over the entire judiciary.
De moeder als facilitator van intergenerationele overdracht binnen de georganiseerde misdaad
Authors: van Dijk Meintje , Kleemans Edward , Eichelsheim Veroni 
Published: May 2019

The mother as facilitator of intergenerational continuity of organized crime
Previous research on intergenerational continuity of crime is primarily focused on transmission from fathers to children. In this article, we aim to give insight in the role of mothers in (the prevention of) continuity of organized crime. The results of our explorative study on 25 organized crime offenders based in Amsterdam and their partners and children, show that parenting skills and norms and values of mother seem to have an important role in both the intergenerational continuity of organized crime and the prevention of the transmission.
Northwell Health Laboratories: The 10-Year Outcomes After Deciding to Keep the Lab
Authors: Jensen Kendal J. , Stallone Robert , Eller Michael , Castagnaro Joseph , Poczter Hannah , Tesoriero Richard , Balzano-Kane Jeanne , Gusman Cari , Bhuiya Tawfiqul , Breining Dwayne , Crawford James M. 
Published: May 2019

Context.—
Northwell Health Laboratories were established in 1997, serving the Northwell Health system. In 2008, the health system considered minority entry into a joint venture with a commercial laboratory. Based on arguments made by Northwell laboratory leadership, the decision was made to retain full ownership of the laboratory.

Objective.—
To evaluate the 10-year outcomes of the 2008 decision and assess the value of a fully integrated laboratory service line for a regional health network.

Design.—
Ten-year outcomes were analyzed including financial, volume, and value-based activities.

Results.—
First, a fully integrated laboratory service line was created, with unified medical and managerial leadership. Second, Core Laboratory volumes and revenues grew at annualized rates of 4.5% and 16.0%, respectively. Third, hospital-based laboratory costs were held either constant, or grew in accordance with strategic clinical programs. Fourth, laboratory services were able to provide leadership in innovative system clinical programming and value-based payment programs. Fifth, the laboratories became a regional asset, forming a joint venture affiliation with New York City Health + Hospitals, and supporting distressed hospitals in Brooklyn, New York. Lastly, Northwell Health Laboratories have become a reputational asset through leadership in 2 consortia: The Compass Group and Project Santa Fe.

Conclusions.—
The 10-year outcomes have exceeded projections made in 2008, validating the decision to retain the laboratories as a wholly owned system asset. The laboratories are now well positioned for leading innovation in patient care and for helping to drive a favorable posture for the health system under new payment models for health care.
A comparative study between sterile freeze-dried and sterile pre-hydrated acellular dermal matrix in tissue expander/implant breast reconstruction
Authors: Cheon Jeong Hyun , Yoon Eul Sik , Kim Jin Woo , Park Seung Ha , Lee Byung Il 
Published: May 2019

Background In implant-based breast reconstruction, acellular dermal matrix (ADM) is essential for supporting the inferolateral pole. Recent studies have compared non-sterilized freeze-dried ADM and sterilized pre-hydrated ADM, but have not assessed whether differences were attributable to factors related to sterile processing or packaging. This study was conducted to compare the clinical outcomes of breast reconstruction using two types of sterile-processed ADMs.
Methods Through a retrospective chart review, we analyzed 77 consecutive patients (85 breasts) who underwent tissue expander/implant breast reconstruction with either freeze-dried ADM (35 breasts) or pre-hydrated ADM (50 breasts) from March 2016 to February 2018. Demographic variables, postoperative outcomes, and operative parameters were compared between freeze-dried and pre-hydrated ADM. Biopsy specimens were obtained for histologic analysis.
Results We obtained results after adjusting for variables found to be significant in univariate analyses. The total complication rate for freeze-dried and pre-hydrated ADMs was 25.7% and 22.0%, respectively. Skin necrosis was significantly more frequent in the freeze-dried group than in the pre-hydrated group (8.6% vs. 4.0%, P=0.038). All other complications and operative parameters showed no significant differences. In the histologic analysis, collagen density, inflammation, and vascularity were higher in the pre-hydrated ADM group (P=0.042, P=0.006, P=0.005, respectively).
Conclusions There are limited data comparing the outcomes of tissue expander/implant breast reconstruction using two types of sterile-processed ADMs. In this study, we found that using pre-hydrated ADM resulted in less skin necrosis and better integration into host tissue. Pre-hydrated ADM may therefore be preferable to freeze-dried ADM in terms of convenience and safety.
Ontogeny of Otolith Formation in Two Demersal Estuarine Reef Fishes
Authors: Hoffman Kyle J , Harding Juliana M 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Planktonic reef fish larvae locate and orient to reefs during settlement. Consequently, metamorphosis occurs in appropriate juvenile and/or adult habitats. Larval fish use otoliths for hearing (sagittae and asterisci) as well as equilibrium (lapilli) required for directional swimming. Striped blenny (Chasmodes bosquianus) and naked goby (Gobiosoma bosc) larvae, settled individuals, and juveniles were used to describe otolith ontogeny from hatching through settlement, the transition from pelagic to benthic habitats, and metamorphosis. Larvae hatched from nests collected in North Inlet estuary, SC, were cultured from May through July in 2012 and 2013 at ambient temperatures. Sagittae and lapilli were present at hatching in both species. Asterisci were only observed in settlement (gobies and blennies) or metamorphosis (blennies) stage fishes, regardless of age (days post-hatch). Otoliths within a pair were symmetrical. Fish total length increased faster than sagittae otolith length in settlement stage blennies and postflexion gobies. The allometric model explained ∼90% of the variability in sagittae otolith length with total length for both species. Settlement occurred 15–20 days post-hatch in striped blennies and 19–27 days post-hatch in naked gobies. Asterisci were found in 100% of settlement stage striped blennies and 67% of naked gobies. We hypothesize that the presence of asterisci in settlement stage demersal oyster reef fishes facilitates identification of and orientation to suitable settlement habitats thereby enhancing recruitment success.
A new balaenopterid whale from the late Miocene of the Southern North Sea Basin and the evolution of balaenopterid diversity (Cetacea, Mysticeti)
Authors: Bisconti Michelangelo , Munsterman Dirk K. , Post Klaas 
Published: May 2019

BackgroundBalaenopterid mysticetes represent the most successful family-rank group of this clade. Their evolutionary history is characterized by a rich fossil record but the origin of the living genera is still largely not understood. Recent discoveries in the southern border of the North Sea revealed a number of well preserved fossil balaenopterid whales that may help resolving this problem. In particular, skull NMR 14035 shares morphological characters with the living humpback whale,Megaptera novaeangliaeand, for this reason, its characteristics are investigated here.MethodsThe comparative anatomical analysis of the new specimen formed the basis of a new phylogenetic analysis of the Mysticeti based on a matrix including 350 morphological character states scored for 82 Operational Taxonomic Units. The stratigraphic age of the specimen was determined based on the analysis of the dinocyst assemblage recovered in the associated sediment. We assessed clade diversity in Balaenopteridae by counting the numbers of clades in given time intervals and then plotted the results.ResultsNehalaennia devossin. gen. et sp. is described for the first time from the late Tortonian (8.7–8.1 Ma) of the Westerschelde (The Netherlands). This new taxon belongs to Balaenopteridae and shows a surprisingly high number of advanced characters in the skull morphology.Nehalaennia devossiis compared to a large sample of balaenopterid mysticetes and a phylogenetic analysis placed it as the sister group of a clade including the genusArchaebalaenoptera. The inclusion of this fossil allowed to propose a phylogenetic hypothesis for Balaenopteridae in which (1) Eschrichtiidae (gray whales) represents a family of its own, (2) Balaenopteridae + Eschrichtiidae form a monophyletic group (superfamily Balaenopteroidea), (3) Cetotheriidae is the sister group of Balaenopteroidea, (4) livingBalaenopteraspecies form a monophyletic group and (5) livingM. novaeangliaeis the sister group ofBalaenoptera. Our work reveals a complex phylogenetic history of Balaenopteridae andN. devossiinforms us about the early morphological transformations in this family. Over time, this family experienced a number of diversity pulses suggesting that true evolutionary radiations had taken place. The paleoecological drivers of these pulses are then investigated.
POÉTICA DAS VÉRTEBRAS: UMA PESQUISA EDUCATIVA BASEADA NAS ARTES
Authors: Gaspar Débora Da Rocha , Portabella Sílvia Úbeda , Melendro. María Luisa De la Fuente , Páez María Luisa Álvarez 
Published: May 2019

Um encontro inesperado, mais de 9000Km de distancia, uma experiência docente compartilhada, e um informe de pesquisa curioso são as vértebras desta experiência. Este artigo narra o encontro de mundos docentes: quatro pedagogos dos Anos Iniciais da Catalunha e uma professora de Arte brasileira, trabalhando juntas no projeto Tándem em Artes (Música) na escola Mossèn Jacint Verdaguer em Barcelona. O relato dessa experiência educativa é elaborado a partir de metodologias artísticas de pesquisa, em que o informe final, como objeto viajante, gerou novos encontros: com a Fundação Miró e mais adeptos à trabalhar por projetos na escola Jacint Verdaguer em Barcelona.
A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study of a Blend of Herbal Extracts Taken Once Per Day for Weight Loss in Healthy Volunteers
Authors: Kassis Eli 
Published: May 2019

Aims: We previously demonstrated that a blend of herbal extracts (Weighlevel®; a mixture of extracts from the leaves of Alchemilla vulgaris, Olea europaea, Mentha longifolia and from the seeds of Cuminum cyminum) taken 3 times per day produces weight loss in preclinical and clinical studies. The aim of the present study was to test the efficacy of a new slow-release formulation (Weighlevel® One) taken once per day on change in body weight and related measures.
Study Design: Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study.
Place and Duration of Study: Health Clinics in Copenhagen, Denmark between 7 January 2016 and 5 March 2016.
Methodology: Thirty-six adult subjects were randomized to consume the herbal blend (n = 20) or placebo (n = 16) once per day for 8 weeks. Weight and waist circumference were assessed weekly. The primary endpoint was the change from baseline in body weight for the herbal blend group compared with placebo. Secondary assessments included waist circumference, appetite, craving, bowel health, and safety and tolerability.
Results: After 8 weeks, the herbal blend group lost an average of 3.7 kg (95% CI of 3.0 to 4.5 kg); whereas the placebo group lost 0.1 kg (95% CI of -0.7 to 1.0 kg). This difference in mean weight loss between the herbal blend and placebo groups was statistically significant (P <.001). A statistically significant reduction in waist circumference was also observed for the herbal blend compared with placebo (P <.001). The herbal blend was well tolerated; no adverse events were reported.
Conclusion: Daily administration of this blend of herbal extracts, administered once daily, may produce weight loss.
First-year Students’ Self-regulation Process through Self-report at a Minority Serving Institution (MSI)
Authors: King Berkley N. , Hamilton Leroy , Johnson Carol J. 
Published: May 2019

First-year college students face a difficult task of self-regulating in a formal academic environment, especially those lacking the fundamental skills to do so. The purpose of this study is to assess the self-regulated processes of first-year students at a Minority Serving Institution, or MSI. Participants consisted of 822 freshmen (519 females; 303 males) enrolled in an orientation course at a Minority Serving Institution in the United States. Collection of data included using the Self-Regulation Questionnaire designed to assess self-regulatory processes through self-report. The questionnaire was administered through Taskstream system and analyzed through version SPSS 23 for continued analysis of data. The data were analyzed using a regression analysis to determine whether correlations existed within or between variables. The self-regulation score was calculated by totaling all the items.
Analysis of data from this study indicated that females (r = -.12, p<.001) and transfer students (r = .14, p<.001) had significantly higher SRQ scores. The data also revealed that for self-regulation, more transfer students (41.5%) placed in the high (intact) category than did non-transfer students (24.7%). A stepwise regression model predicting the SRQ total score were based on six candidate demographic variables. The final two variable model was significant (p = .001) and accounted for 3.2% of the variance in the SRQ total score. Specifically, SRQ total scores were higher for transfer students (β = .13, p = .001) and for females (β = -.11, p = .001).
Among 822 participants, 306 fell into the low self-regulation range; 293 were in the mid-level self-regulation range; and 223 ranked in the high self-regulation range. Results stemming from the dataset revealed that thirty-seven percent of first-year students have low self-regulatory scores. Nearly 50% of the male students were less favorable to self-regulate than female students during their experience in post-secondary education.
ANALISIS KESALAHAN PENGGUNAAN KATA KETERANGAN BAHASA TIONGHOA DALAM TUGAS VLOG MAHASISWA SASTRA TIONGHOA UNIVERSITAS KRISTEN PETRA ANGKATAN 2015
Authors: Yessica Yulia , Untari Dwi Retnaning , Zhu Shuiqing 
Published: May 2019

Kesalahan berbahasa menunjukkan bahwa tujuan pengajaran bahasa belum tercapai secara maksimal, dan harus dikurangi sampai ke batas minimal, bahkan diusahakan dihilangkan sama sekali. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui bentuk kesalahan dan penyebab kesalahan penggunaan adverbia bahasa Tionghoa dalam tugas pembuatan vlog mahasiswa Sastra Tionghoa Universitas Kristen Petra angkatan 2015. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis tekstual. Data dalam penelitian ini yang adalah dokumen berupa 8 buah vlog yang dibuat oleh 17 mahasiswa angkatan 2015 Sastra Tionghoa Universitas Kristen Petra.Dari keseluruhan 8 jenis kata keterangan bahasa Tionghoa, penulis menemukan adanya 5 jenis kata keterangan yang mengalami kesalahan pengunaan yaitu kata keterangan level, waktu, ruang lingkup, negasi, dan hubungan. Kesalahan yang terjadi berupa kesalahan penggunaan kata keterangan 太(tài), 正在 (zhèngzài), 就是 (jiùshì), 很 (hěn), 还是 (háishì), 只zhī, 是否(shìfǒu) atau 是不是 (shìbúshì), 已经 (yǐjīng), dan 也 (yě).Kesalahan penggunaan kata keterangan bahasa Tionghoa disebabkan oleh karena adanya pengaruh dari kata keterangan bahasa Indonesia, dimana bahasa Indonesia adalah bahasa ibu dari mahasiswa.