bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sequentially Activated Smart DNA Nanospheres for Photoimmunotherapy and Immune Checkpoint Blockade
Authors: Chen Yu , Guo Yu , Cheng Wen , Fan Jiahao , Li Jiacheng , Song Jiajia , Yang Xiaohai , Wang Kemin , Huang Jin 
Published: November 2024

AbstractDue to the inherent immunosuppression and immune evasion of cancer cells, combining photoimmunotherapy with immune checkpoint blockade leverages phototherapy and immune enhancement, overcoming mutual limitations and demonstrating significant anticancer potential. The main challenges include nonspecific accumulation of agents, uncontrolled activation, and drug carrier safety. Smart DNA nanospheres (NS) is developed with targeted delivery and controllable release of photosensitizers and immune agents to achieve effective synergistic therapy and minimize side effects. The multifunctional NS incorporate a targeting module for programming aptamers, a response module for programming i‐motif and DNA/RNA hybrid sequences, and a therapeutic module for packaging photosensitizers and PD‐L1 siRNA. NS navigate to the tumor site and are sequentially activated by intracellular acid and enzymes to release photosensitizers and programmed death ligand 1 (PD‐L1) small interfering RNA (siRNA). Besides tumor killing and immune promotion, activated NS downregulate PD‐L1 expression, alleviating immune tolerance and evasion, thus enhancing the immune response. These results indicate that NS significantly enhance antitumor immune responses, synergistically improve antitumor efficacy, and reduce systemic toxicity. This study broadens the application of DNA nanomaterials in precision drug delivery and tumor therapy.
Oxygen‐Doped 2D In2Se3 Nanosheets with Extended In‐Plane Lattice Strain for Highly Efficient Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting
Authors: Kim Ji Yeon , Hwang Woohyun , Han Seo Yeon , Jung Ye Seul , Pang Fengyi , Shen Wenhu , Park Cheolmin , Kim Sang‐Woo , Soon Aloysius , Cho Yong Soo 
Published: November 2024

AbstractWith the emergence of electromechanical devices, considerable efforts have been devoted to improving the piezoelectricity of 2D materials. Herein, an anion‐doping approach is proposed as an effective way to enhance the piezoelectricity of α‐In2Se3 nanosheets, which has a rare asymmetric structure in both the in‐plane and out‐of‐plane directions. As the O2 plasma treatment gradually substitutes selenium with oxygen, it changes the crystal structure, creating a larger lattice distortion and, thus, an extended dipole moment. Prior to the O2 treatment, the lattice extension is deliberately maximized in the lateral direction by imposing in situ tensile strain during the exfoliation process for preparing the nanosheets. Combining doping and strain engineering substantially enhances the piezoelectric coefficient and electromechanical energy conversion. As a result, the optimal harvester with a 0.9% in situ strain and 10 min plasma exposure achieves the highest piezoelectric energy harvesting values of ≈13.5 nA and ≈420 µW cm−2 under bending operation, outperforming all previously reported 2D materials. Theoretical estimation of the structural changes and polarization with gradual oxygen substitution supports the observed dependence of the electromechanical performance.
Magnetic Field Screening of 2D Materials Revealed by Magnetic Force Microscopy
Authors: Aldave Diego A. , López‐Polín Guillermo , Calle Esther , Begué Adrián , Ranchal Rocío , Martínez Raúl , Bran Cristina , Burzurí Enrique , Gómez‐Herrero Julio , Ares Pablo , Jaafar Miriam 
Published: November 2024

Abstract2D materials possess exceptional mechanical properties making them promising candidates for protecting nanostructures. However, the magnetic field screening properties of 2D materials are largely unexplored. Here it is used Magnetic Force Microscopy (MFM) to unveil the effects on the magnetic field of magnetic nanostructures when 2D materials are placed on top of them. It is demonstrated that while graphene exhibits a weak diamagnetic response due to its unique electronic structure around the Dirac point, the overall screening effect remains minimal (≈0.5% per layer). Conversely, graphene oxide (GO) and MoS2 show negligible response to the magnetic field, making them ideal for applications where preserving the original magnetic properties is crucial. These findings suggest that 2D materials can offer effective protection while minimally affecting the underlying magnetic functionalities, important for data storage technologies and spintronics.
Simultaneous optimization of simulated moving bed adsorption and distillation for 2,3‐butanediol recovery
Authors: Avendano Marco , Fu Qiang , Lao Jianpei , Nair Sankar , Realff Matthew J. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractA combined simulated moving bed (SMB) and distillation separation scheme is developed to recover 2,3‐butanediol (BDO) from a dilute fermentation broth. The scheme was integrated into a lignocellulosic biorefinery that produces hydrocarbon fuels from corn stover with BDO as an intermediate. BDO recovery is one of the most challenging processes in this biorefinery; and given the high associated energy duties, direct distillation is considered cost‐prohibitive. An alternative separation is SMB adsorption in nanoporous materials, which can reject 90% of the water and reduce subsequent distillation costs. Rigorous models were used to optimize the SMB and distillation simultaneously. The separation can be added to the biorefinery while keeping the projected minimum fuel selling price (MFSP) below $0.66 USD (US dollars) per liter gasoline‐equivalent ($2.50/GGE, gallon gasoline equivalent). Finally, sensitivity analyses were conducted to assess the effects of cost and lifetime of the adsorbent, titer concentration, and BDO purity.
NaI‐promoted Synthesis of 2‐aryl Benzothiazole/Benzoxazole in Aqueous Medium
Authors: Lian Zhongwenqin , Ge Xin , Chen Hejun , Wusiman Mukerimu , Ablajan Keyume 
Published: November 2024

AbstractA NaI‐promoted efficient synthesis of 2‐aryl benzothiazoles/benzoxazoles with various substituted acyl chlorides is described. The reaction proceeded using more environment‐friendly H2O media as a solvent. Mechanism studies verified that the reaction undergoes a ring‐opening process. This novel method could be suitable for benzothiazole and benzoxazole to afford good yields of arylated products. This protocol has the potential for further application due to its broad substrate scopes.
Helical π‐Extended Terrylene Diimide Dimer Based on Ring‐Fused Ethylene Bridge for Organic Solar Cells
Authors: Dai Luyao , Shao Guangwei , You Xiaoxiao , Chen Li , Wu Di , Xia Jianlong 
Published: November 2024

AbstractTerrylene diimides (TDIs), as the higher homologues of perylene diimide (PDI) in the series of rylene diimides (RDIs), exhibit several especial properties including enhanced absorption ability in the near infrared (NIR) region, higher fluorescence quantum yields as well as stronger π–π stacking in comparison to naphthalene diimides (NDIs) and perylene diimides (PDIs). However, TDIs have been largely overlooked in terms of their photovoltaic applications because of the chemical inaccessibility and poor solubility. In this contribution, a helical π‐extended terrylene diimide dimer based on ring‐fused ethylene bridge, namely FTDI2 is designed and synthesized. The photovoltaic performances of FTDI2 and the parent TDI are investigated using the commercially available PTB7‐Th as the electron donor. A significantly improved power‐conversion efficiency (PCE) of 5.11 % compared to that of TDI based ones (0.5 %) is achieved for FTDI2‐based device, demonstrating the potential of terrylene dyes in the photovoltaics field.
Communication Bridge‐2 randomized controlled trial: Recruitment and baseline features
Authors: Rogalski Emily , Bona Matthew , Esparza Marissa , Mooney Aimee , Fried‐Oken Melanie , Rademaker Alfred , Roberts Angela 
Published: November 2024

AbstractINTRODUCTIONNon‐pharmacological interventions may offer significant benefits to the quality of life for persons with primary progressive aphasia (PPA) and their care partners but have lacked efficacy trials. To help fill the efficacy gap, we provide the feasibility of recruitment, enrollment, randomization, and baseline data for the Communication Bridge‐2 (CB2) randomized controlled trial (RCT).METHODSCB2 is the first international, single enrollment site, Phase 2, Stage 2, parallel‐group, active control, RCT delivered via video chat to individuals with PPA and their care partners. Participants were recruited, screened, and randomized into one of two speech–language intervention arms.RESULTSNinety‐five participant dyads (PPA mean baseline age: 67.1; 48% female) from four countries were enrolled and randomized.DISCUSSIONGlobal recruitment, enrollment, and randomization of individuals with PPA into a video chat–delivered non‐pharmacologic RCT is feasible. This trial provides a potential model for conducting rigorous non‐pharmacologic efficacy trials for Alzheimer's disease and related dementias.Highlights
Primary progressive aphasia (PPA) negatively impacts communication participation.
Communication Bridge‐2 (CB2) is a telemedicine‐delivered randomized controlled trial.
CB2 included global recruitment and randomization of 95 PPA participant dyads.
CB2, the first international superiority trial for PPA using video chat shows feasibility.
The study provides a model for rigorous non‐pharmacologic trials for Alzheimer's disease and related dementias.
Heritability of Alzheimer's disease plasma biomarkers: A nuclear twin family design
Authors: Rousset Rebecca Z. , den Braber Anouk , Verberk Inge M. W. , Boonkamp Lynn , Wilson David H. , Ligthart Lannie , Teunissen Charlotte E. , de Geus Eco J. C. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractINTRODUCTIONAlzheimer's disease (AD) is a highly heritable disease (60%–80%). Amyloid beta (Aβ) 42/40, neurofilament light chain (NfL), and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) are plasma biomarkers for AD. Clinical biomarker research would be served by an understanding of the sources of variance in these markers.METHODSBlood concentrations of Aβ42/40, NfL, and GFAP of twins and their families (monozygotic twins: 1574, dizygotic twins: 1266, other: 3657) were analyzed on the Simoa HD‐X. Twin‐family models were used to estimate proportional genetic contributions to the variance in biomarker levels.RESULTSHeritability estimates were 16% for Aβ42/40, 42% for NfL, and 60% for GFAP. NfL and GFAP were significantly correlated with each other (0.37) but not with Aβ42/40.DISCUSSIONThe heritability of Aβ42/40 (16%) is lower than the heritability of AD, suggesting strong environmental influences on this biomarker. The lack of correlation between NfL/GFAP and Aβ42/40 indicates these markers may be on different biological pathways.Highlights
Heritability is found for glial fibrillary acidic protein (60%), neurofilament light chain (42%), and amyloid beta (Aβ) 42/40 (16%) plasma levels.
Aβ42/40 plasma levels are sensitive to person‐specific environmental influences.
Increased Disability Progression in rs10191329AA Carriers with Multiple Sclerosis Is Preceded by Neurofilament Light Chain Elevations
Authors: Protopapa Maria , Steffen Falk , Schraad Muriel , Ruck Tobias , Öztürk Menekse , Hanuscheck Nicholas , Shin Josef , Brummer Tobias , Pape Katrin , Uphaus Timo , Meuth Sven G. , Fleischer Vinzenz , Teunissen Charlotte E. , De Jager Philip L. , Luessi Felix , Bittner Stefan , Zipp Frauke 
Published: November 2024

ObjectiveWe examined the impact of the rs10191329 genetic risk variant on neuroaxonal damage as measured by serum neurofilament light chain (sNfL) levels, and disability progression in people with multiple sclerosis (pwMS).MethodsIn a cohort of pwMS (n = 740), 658 participants were prospectively monitored every 2 years for less than a decade while 82 of 740 pwMS were monitored retrospectively for up to 40 years. We investigated associations between rs10191329 variants and clinical outcome, including Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS), disability accrual (defined by EDSS‐increase of at least 1.5 for patients starting at EDSS 0, at least 1.0 EDSS‐points for patients with an initial EDSS between 1 and 4.5 and at least 0.5 points for patients starting with an EDSS equal or greater than 5) and progression to secondary progressive MS (SPMS). Clinical outcomes were analyzed using Kaplan–Meier and Cox proportional hazards analyses. Disability accumulation over time was depicted using a generalized mixed‐effect model. Single‐molecule array was used to assess sNfL levels.ResultsHomozygous, heterozygous, and non‐carriers of the rs10191329 risk variant displayed comparable sNfL levels indicating similar neuroaxonal damage at the time of diagnosis. Importantly, in homozygous carriers we found highest sNfL levels in follow‐up visits preceding elevated disease progression later in the disease course, a steeper increase in overall disability measures and higher probability of SPMS development.InterpretationThese findings highlight how genetic variants may serve as new biomarkers for disease progression and can be used for personalized medicine and risk assessment in MS. ANN NEUROL 2025;97:596–605
Skelettale Stickstoff‐Funktionalisierung von isostrukturellen 2D‐konjugierten MOFs zur Verbesserung der Doppelionen Speicherkapazität
Authors: Sporrer Lukas , Guo Quanquan , Li Xiaodong , Wrzesinska‐Lashkova Angelika , Reichmayr Fanny , Fu Shuai , Wang Hai I. , Bonn Mischa , Li Xiangyu , Laval‐Schmidt Paul‐Alexander , Wang Mingchao , Lu Yang , Vaynzof Yana , Yu Minghao , Feng Xinliang , Dong Renhao 
Published: November 2024

AbstractZweidimensionale konjugierte metallorganische Gerüste (2D c‐MOFs) kommen als vielversprechende Elektrodenmaterialien für elektrochemische Energiespeicherung auf. Eine einfache Methode zur Realisierung verbesserter Doppelionen Speicherung in 2D c‐MOFs ist jedoch nicht bekannt. Hier berichten wir über die Synthese von Cu2(Nx−OHPTP) 2D c‐MOFs (x=0,1,2; OHPTP=Octahydroxyphenanthrotriphenylen) mit ein oder zwei präzisen aromatischen Kohlenstoff‐Stickstoff‐Ersetzungen im π‐konjugierten OHPTP‐Liganden. Die Stickstoff‐Modifikation des aromatischen Skeletts in Cu2(Nx−OHPTP) ermöglicht die synergistische Einführung zusätzlicher Redoxstellen und begünstigt damit wesentlich die Doppelionen Adsorptionskapazität. Folglich zeigt die Cu2(N2−OHPTP) Kathode eine stark verbesserte elektrochemische Leistung bei der Speicherung von zwei Ionen (d. h. Li+ und Cl‐) mit einer hohen spezifischen Kapazität von 53.8 mAh g−1. Diese ist doppelt so hoch wie die von Cu2(N0−OHPTP) und 1.3 mal so hoch wie die von Cu2(N1−OHPTP). Darüber hinaus zeigt die Cu2(N2−OHPTP) Elektrode eine günstige Ratenleistung von 52 % und eine gute Stabilität von 96 % der initialen Kapazität nach 1000 Zyklen. Durch die Kombination von ex situ‐ und in situ Spektroskopie Messungen und theoretischen Berechnungen identifizieren wir N‐Redoxpositionen als zusätzliche Li+‐Adsorptionsorte. Darüber hinaus unterstreichen Berechnungen die synergistische Erhöhung der Cl− Adsorptionsenergie um etwa 1.0 eV an den elektronenärmeren CuO4‐Verknüpfungen welche durch N‐Inkorporation verursacht wird. Diese Arbeit ebnet den Weg zum präzisen Design von 2D c‐MOFs mit verbesserten elektrochemischen Eigenschaften und erweitert deren Anwendung in der Doppelionen Speicherung.
Ce3+/Ce4+ Ion Redox Shuttle Stabilized Cuδ+ for Efficient CO2 Electroreduction to C2H4
Authors: Liu Xiang , Liu Ting , Ouyang Ting , Deng Jiguang , Liu Zhao‐Qing 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe CO2 electroreduction reaction has advantages in clean and pollution‐free carbon conversion, but it still faces challenges in carbon utilization efficiency and improving the selectivity of C2 products. Although the dynamic Cuδ+ state is known to favor the C−C coupling process, the suitable Cuδ+ species for electrocatalytic reduction of CO2 are difficult to maintain under the conditions of strong reduction and large current. Herein, we propose a Ce doping strategy to stabilize the Cuδ+ state (Ce/CuOx) during the CO2RR process, which enables a high Faradaic efficiency of 60 % for multi‐carbon products (40 % for C2H4, 14 % for CH3CH2OH, and 6 % for CH3COOH), and 25 h stability at −1.2 V versus the reversible hydrogen electrode. In situ infrared spectroscopy, in situ X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy combined with density functional theory calculations reveal that the Cuδ+ is stabilized by the redox ion pairs of Ce, which reduces the energy barrier of *CO coupling, and improves the Faraday efficiency of electrocatalytic CO2 reduction of C2H4. This work provides a new idea to make full use of lanthanide variable value metals for advanced catalysis and clean energy conversion.
Hollow Pt‐Encrusted RuCu Nanocages Optimizing OH Adsorption for Efficient Hydrogen Oxidation Electrocatalysis
Authors: Wei Licheng , Dong Yuanting , Yan Wei , Zhang Yuqi , Zhan Changhong , Huang Wei‐Hsiang , Pao Chih‐Wen , Hu Zhiwei , Lin Haixin , Xu Yong , Geng Hongbo , Huang Xiaoqing 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAs one of the best candidates for hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR), ruthenium (Ru) has attracted significant attention for anion exchange membrane fuel cells (AEMFCs), although it suffers from sluggish kinetics under alkaline conditions due to its strong hydroxide affinity. In this work, we develop ternary hollow nanocages with Pt epitaxy on RuCu (Pt‐RuCu NCs) as efficient HOR catalysts for application in AEMFCs. Experimental characterizations and theoretical calculations confirm that the synergy in optimized Pt8.7‐RuCu NCs significantly modifies the electronic structure and coordination environment of Ru, thereby balancing the binding strengths of H* and OH* species, which leads to a markedly enhanced HOR performance. Specifically, the optimized Pt8.7‐RuCu NCs/C achieves a mass activity of 5.91 A mgPt+Ru−1, which is ~3.3, ~2.2, and ~15.0 times higher than that of RuCu NCs/C (1.38 A mgRu−1), PtRu/C (1.83 A mgPt+Ru−1) and Pt/C (0.37 A mgPt−1), respectively. Impressively, the specific peak power density of fuel cells reaches 15.9 W mgPt+Ru−1, significantly higher than those of most reported PtRu‐based fuel cells.
Rational Molecular Design for Balanced Locally Excited and Charge‐ Transfer Nature for Two‐Photon Absorption Phenomenon and Highly Efficient TADF‐Based OLEDs
Authors: Mageswari Gomathi Vinayakam , Chitose Youhei , Tsuchiya Youichi , Lin Ja‐Hon , Adachi Chihaya 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe pursuit of highly efficient thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitters with two‐photon absorption (2PA) character is hampered by the concurrent achievement of a small singlet‐triplet energy gap (ΔEST) and high photoluminescence quantum yield (ΦPL). Here, by introducing a terephthalonitrile unit into a sterically crowded donor‐π‐donor structure, inducing a hybrid electronic excitation character, we designed unique TADF emitters possessing 2PA ability. This rational molecular design was achieved through a main π‐conjugated donor‐acceptor‐donor backbone in line with locally excited feature renders a large oscillator strength and transition dipole moment, maintaining a high 2PA cross‐section value. The ancillary N‐donor‐acceptor‐donor with charge transfer character highly balances the TADF phenomenon by minimizing ΔEST. A near‐unity ΦPL value with a large radiative decay rate over an order of magnitude higher than the intersystem crossing rate and a high horizontal orientation ratio of 0.95 were simultaneously attained for TPCz2NP. The organic light‐emitting diodes fabricated with this material exhibit a high maximum external quantum efficiency of 25.4 % with an elevated 2PA cross‐section (σ2) value up to 143 GM at 850 nm. These findings offer a venue for designing high‐performance TADF emitters with exceptional performance inclusive of 2PA properties, expanding for future functional material design.
Unconventional Heterobidentate Coordination of 4‐Hydroxypyridine Leading to Remarkably Strong Second‐Harmonic Generation in Zn(C5H4NO)2
Authors: Yang Can , Gou Jie , Zhu Yaolong , Xiong Yi , Zhu Zece , Chen Ling , Wu Qi 
Published: November 2024

AbstractHerein, we report an unconventional heterobidentate coordination mode of conventional 4‐hydroxypyridine ligand in a novel compound Zn(C5H4NO)2. The strong heterobidentate coordination interactions between Zn2+ and 4‐hydroxypyridine ligands promote a uniform alignment of the polarization of each [ZnO2N2] tetrahedral building unit, resulting in remarkably strong second‐harmonic generation (SHG) with an intensity that is the largest among all UV‐transparent Zn‐containing metal‐organic compounds reaching 13.6×KDP. Moreover, Zn(C5H4NO)2 processes a suitable optical band gap of 4.40 eV, high thermal stability up to 300 °C, excellent air stability, and strong water resistance, demonstrating great application potential. Additionally, Zn(C5H4NO)2 exhibits photoluminescence with a significantly enhanced lifetime of 558 ms, accompanied by a rare blue afterglow visible to the naked eye, lasting up to 5 s.
Near‐Infrared Chemiluminophore Switches Photodynamic Processes via Protein Complexation for Biomarker‐Activatable Cancer Therapy
Authors: Huang Jingsheng , Liu Jing , Wu Jiayan , Xu Mengke , Lin Youshi , Pu Kanyi 
Published: November 2024

AbstractDespite the potential in cancer therapy, phototheranostic agents often face two challenges: limited diagnostic sensitivity due to tissue autofluorescence and suboptimal therapeutic efficacy due to the Type‐II photodynamic process with the heavy oxygen reliance. In contrast, chemiluminescent theranostic agents without the requirement of real‐time light excitation can address the issue of tissue autofluorescence, which however have been rarely reported for photodynamic therapy (PDT), not to mention less oxygen‐dependent Type‐I PDT. In this work, we synthesize near‐infrared (NIR) chemiluminophores with the specific binding towards human serum albumin (HSA) to form chemiluminophore‐protein complex for cancer detection and photodynamic therapy. Interestingly, after the complexation with HSA, the chemiluminescence (CL) intensities of chemiluminophores are enhanced by over 10‐fold; meanwhile, the photodynamic process switches from Type‐II (singlet‐oxygen‐generation dominated) to Type‐I (superoxide anion and hydroxyl radical dominated), while the previously reported activated chemiluminophore with non‐specific HSA binding can't switch photodynamic process. Based on the optimal chemiluminophore, a nitroreductase‐activatable CL probe‐protein complex is synthesized, which specially turns on its CL and Type‐I PDT in hypoxic tumors for precision therapy. Thus, this study provides a complexation strategy to improve phototheranostic performance of chemiluminophores.