bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Widened Dorsum: Bony and Cartilaginous Contributions
Authors: Linkov Gary , Branham Gregory 
Published: October 2018

AbstractCreation of a pleasing dorsal nasal profile in the anterior and lateral views requires proper analysis and planning to determine the required series of steps to accomplish the desired outcome. The widened nasal dorsum is a common esthetic complaint of the patient seeking rhinoplasty. Often patients seek an unrealistic result that, if accomplished, would leave them with a restricted nasal vault and nasal airway compromise. Nasal function must be balanced with the patient and surgeon's desire to narrow the nasal dorsum. Various techniques are used to control the width of the upper third, or bony vault, and middle third, or cartilaginous vault.
Surgical and Nonsurgical Techniques in Forehead Rejuvenation
Authors: Arnaoutakis Demetri , Bassichis Benjamin 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe periorbital and forehead regions are among the most expressive parts of the face. A thorough understanding of the complex facial anatomy and aesthetic norms are essential when evaluating and treating a patient for facial brow rejuvenation. Not only will knowledge of the anatomy enhance facial injection and surgical outcomes, but will also diminish potential complications. Combining nonsurgical and surgical techniques, including laser and skin rejuvenation, can yield the most natural and effective aesthetic brow improvements.
Obstructive Sleep Apnea – Epidemiology, Consequencies and Prosthetic Rehabilitation. A Review
Authors: Katoch Sumit , Kumar Manjit , Khosla Amrit , Batra Ritu , Kaur Navjot 
Published: October 2018

AbstractObstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is recognized as an important health issue in the last two to three decades. It is characterized by frequent episodes of upper airway collapse during sleep, causing recurrent arousals, intermittent hypoxaemia, sleep fragmentation and poor sleep quality. Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a prevalent disorder with significant co-morbidities. There are evidences that OSA is being considered as an independent risk factor for hypertension, glucose intolerance / diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases and stroke, leading to increased cardiometabolic morbidity and mortality. Early recognition and treatment of obstructive sleep apnea may prevent adverse health consequences. In this sense, treating the patient with obstructive sleep apnea requires a long-term partnership between patient and healthcare providers. With a strong partnership, obstructive sleep apnea may be effectively treated in the growing numbers of patients. In this article some of the epidemiological aspects, consequences, medical and dental treatment options of obstructive sleep apnea are reviewed.
A Clinical Study to Correlate the Facial Form and Maxillary Central Incisor Tooth Form in Males and Females of Davangere Population
Authors: Bansal Deepak , Sharma Shruti , Kumar Manjit , Khosla Amrit 
Published: October 2018

AbstractAn altered facial appearance is more difficult to face, than problems related to ill-fitting denture or eating. The selection of maxillary anterior teeth for complete denture has long posed problem in clinical practice and a controversy about the best method to employ still exists. An attempt is made in the present study to clinically correlate the face form with maxillary central incisor tooth form in males and females of Davangere population. In 1914, Leon William's projected the “the form method” where he classified facial forms as square, tapering, and ovoid. Maxillary central incisors were selected according to the facial forms.Of total 100 subjects four different tooth forms and face forms were evaluated. They are: square, ovoid, square-tapered, tapered. No significant correlation existed between face form in male and females. Females exhibited greater correlation between face forms and inverted tooth form but that correlation is not sufficient to serve as a guide for selection of anterior teeth.
Defining Norms for the Upper and Lower Lips of the Himachali Ethnic Population: A Cephalometric Study
Authors: Aggarwal Isha , Wadhawan Manu 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Introduction: The great variance in soft-tissue drape of the human face complicates accurate assessment of the soft-tissue profile and it is a known fact that facial features of different ethnic groups differ significantly. This study was undertaken to establish soft tissue norms for Himachali ethnic population. Method: The sample comprised lateral cephalograms taken in natural head position of 100 normal subjects (50 males, 50 females). The cephalograms were analyzed by Arnett soft tissue cephalometric analysis for orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning. The Student t test was used to compare the means of the 2 groups. Results: Statistically significant differences were found between Himachali males and females in certain key parameters. Males have thicker soft-tissue structures than females. Whereas females have greater interlabial gap when compared with Himachali males. When compared with other ethnic groups, Himachali subjects have thicker soft tissue structures. Conclusions: Statistically significant differences were found between Himachali males and females in certain key parameters. Differences were also noted between other ethnic groups and Himachali faces.
Zone of Minimal Conflict Recorded Using Modified Technique: A Case Report
Authors: Sharma Apurva , Kumar Manjit , Khosla Amrit , Jain Shailesh , Kaur Navjot , Jhamb Ashu 
Published: October 2018

AbstractWhen all the remaining natural teeth are removed, there exists a space within the oral cavity that can be called the potential denture space. Within this denture space there is an area that has been termed the neutral zone. Neutral zone is defined as that area or position within the oral cavity where the forces between the tongue and cheeks or lips are equal. Thus making it the zone of minimal conflict, where the function of musculature will not unseat the denture and help in stabilizing the denture. In the present case the neutral zone was recorded using admix technique and impression compound as the material of choice.
Isolated Tricuspid Valvectomy: A Series of cases with Intravenous Drug Abuse Associated Tricuspid Valve Endocarditis
Authors: Bin Mahmood Syed Usman , Nguemeni Tiako Max Jordan , Mori Makoto , Elefteriades John A. , Bonde Pramod , Geirsson Arnar , Yun James J. 
Published: October 2018

Introduction Surgical management for tricuspid valve (TV) endocarditis is usually TV repair or replacement. When repair is not feasible, and concerns for patient recidivism preclude TV replacement, tricuspid valvectomy without replacement is an option to alleviate symptoms and allow time for addiction management.
Methods We reviewed our institution's experience with isolated tricuspid valvectomy for cases of intravenous drug use (IVDU)-associated endocarditis (n = 7) from 2009 to 2017.
Results The decision for tricuspid valvectomy was based on each patient's comorbid condition and realization of active IVDU. This intervention resulted in 100% perioperative and mid-term survival with a mean follow-up of 25.4 months. One patient required a valve replacement in the long term only after appropriate substance abuse management was completed.
Conclusion Cardiac surgeons increasingly encounter patients with active endocarditis who suffer from IVDU addiction. Drug addiction increases the risk for recurrent endocarditis and requires an effective management plan. Multidisciplinary endocarditis care teams may play a pivotal role in improving outcomes by better addressing addiction treatment.
Venous Thromboembolism in Women Undergoing Assisted Reproductive Technologies: Data from the RIETE Registry
Authors: Grandone Elvira , Di Micco Pier , Villani Michela , Colaizzo Donatella , Fernández-Capitán Carmen , Del Toro Jorge , Rosa Vladimir , Bura-Riviere Alessandra , Quere Isabelle , Blanco-Molina Ángeles , Margaglione Maurizio , Monreal Manuel ,   for the RIETE Investigators
Published: October 2018

AbstractVenous thromboembolism (VTE) during or after assisted reproductive technologies (ART) is predicted to rise due to the increased number of women undergoing this technique. We present data collected in the RIETE registry up to October 2016. Overall, 41 (0.6%) out of 6,718 women of childbearing age with VTE had an ART-related event. Most of them underwent autologous ART cycles; 23 had isolated deep vein thrombosis (DVT) (56.1%), 12 isolated pulmonary embolism (PE) (29.3%) and 6 simultaneous occurrence of both the events (14.6%). VTE occurred in 20 successful and 21 unsuccessful (i.e. not resulting in a clinical pregnancy) ART cycles. No recurrence was observed at 90 days. Logistic regression showed that isolated PE was significantly more frequent than DVT alone or combined with PE in unsuccessful in vitro fertilization (IVF) (odds ratio [OR]: 4.13, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.4–12.4), as well as in contraceptive users (OR: 2.96, 95% CI: 1.95–4.5) and in puerperium (OR: 1.96, 95% CI: 1.16–3.3). After grouping isolated PE and DVT + PE, we found that PE was significantly more frequent in women with unsuccessful IVF and higher body mass index (OR: 5.0, 95% CI: 1.2–20.7 and OR: 1.0, 95%CI: 1.0–1.1, respectively). These data document a higher risk of PE in unsuccessful cycles than in successful ones. The risk is higher than that observed during pregnancy, puerperium and contraception.
Using evidence to influence policy: Oxfam’s experience
Authors: Mayne Ruth , Green Duncan , Guijt Irene , Walsh Martin , English Richard , Cairney Paul 
Published: October 2018

AbstractPolicymaking is rarely ‘evidence-based’. Rather, policy can only be strongly evidence-informed if its advocates act effectively. Policy theories suggest that they can do so by learning the rules of political systems, and by forming relationships and networks with key actors to build up enough knowledge of their environment and trust from their audience. This knowledge allows them to craft effective influencing strategies, such as to tell a persuasive and timely story about an urgent policy problem and its most feasible solution. Empirical case studies help explain when, how, and why such strategies work in context. If analysed carefully, they can provide transferable lessons for researchers and advocates that are seeking to inform or influence policymaking. Oxfam Great Britain has become an experienced and effective advocate of evidence-informed policy change, offering lessons for building effective action. In this article, we combine insights from policy studies with specific case studies of Oxfam campaigns to describe four ways to promote the uptake of research evidence in policy: (1) learn how policymaking works, (2) design evidence to maximise its influence on specific audiences, (3) design and use additional influencing strategies such as insider persuasion or outsider pressure, and adapt the presentation of evidence and influencing strategies to the changing context, and (4) embrace trial and error. The supply of evidence is one important but insufficient part of this story.
Magnetic map in nonanadromous Atlantic salmon
Authors: Scanlan Michelle M. , Putman Nathan F. , Pollock Amanda M. , Noakes David L. G. 
Published: October 2018

SignificanceDiverse species that undertake long-distance migrations use geomagnetic “map” information to orient. Whether this is true for nonmigratory populations within these species or those migrating over considerably shorter distances is less studied. We show nonanadromous Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) can extract map information from the geomagnetic field. Despite having no recent history of ocean migration and being translocated from Maine to Oregon approximately 60 years ago, juveniles exposed to magnetic fields characteristic of the North Pacific displayed adaptive orientation responses similar to those of anadromous Pacific salmonids. This navigational ability generates some concern since Atlantic salmon are transported throughout the world for aquaculture. Escaped individuals might have greater potential to successfully navigate, and thus invade, novel habitats than previously suspected.
p38α MAPK signaling drives pharmacologically reversible brain and gastrointestinal phenotypes in the SERT Ala56 mouse
Authors: Robson Matthew J. , Quinlan Meagan A. , Margolis Kara Gross , Gajewski-Kurdziel Paula A. , Veenstra-VanderWeele Jeremy , Gershon Michael D. , Watterson D. Martin , Blakely Randy D. 
Published: October 2018

Significance
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by communication and social behavior deficits, repetitive behaviors, and medical comorbidities, including gastrointestinal dysfunction. No pharmacologic treatments are available that ameliorate core symptoms. Genetic variants in the serotonin transporter (SERT) are linked to ASD. Here we demonstrate that administration of a CNS-penetrant p38α MAPK antagonist normalizes multiple physiological and behavioral perturbations reminiscent of ASD in adult, SERT Ala56 mice. Conditional genetic manipulations validate a requirement for 5-HT neuron p38α MAPK signaling in establishing perturbations observed in SERT Ala56 mice. Our findings suggest that p38α MAPK may be a potential target for treatment of adults with ASD, particularly in relation to traits driven by elevated SERT activity and diminished 5-HT signaling.
Toxicity of an Fc-engineered anti-CD40 antibody is abrogated by intratumoral injection and results in durable antitumor immunity
Authors: Knorr David A. , Dahan Rony , Ravetch Jeffrey V. 
Published: October 2018

Significance
Antibodies blocking inhibitory checkpoints on T cells have been a major advance in cancer treatment. However, agonistic antibodies have had less success due to toxicity concerns. Harnessing the knowledge that agonistic antibodies require the inhibitory Fc receptor (FcR), we engineered a CD40 antibody with improved in vivo activity. Because current models fail to recapitulate important dose-limiting toxicities in patients, we developed a mouse model carrying human CD40 and FcRs. This model mirrors human toxicities and allowed for the development of an in situ vaccination approach leading to durable tumor control. These results support the rational design of immune modulating antibodies as well as stress the importance, and possible reconsiderations needed, for optimal preclinical models allowing parallel efficacy and toxicity analyses.
Why C-luckreally isa problem for compatibilism
Authors: Schoonover S. B. , Guajardo Ivan 
Published: October 2018

AbstractSome philosophers have recently argued that luck at the time of decision is a problem for compatibilists and libertarians alike. But conceptual ambiguity regarding deterministic luck at the time of decision – henceforth C-luck – has obscured recognition of the problem C-luck poses to compatibilism. This paper clarifies C-luck and distinguishes it from present luck, showing that the former arises from contingent factors at the time of decision instead of presupposed free will requirements. We then argue that empirical findings confirm the existence of C-luck thereby raising a fundamental challenge to compatibilist accounts of moral responsibility.
Characterization of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) beta-defensin 1: implications for its role in inflammation control
Authors: Yang Kun , Hou Boren , Ren Fangfang , Zhou Hong , Zhao Taiqiang 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACT
Considering that fish grows in a complex aquatic environment, there is an increasing interest in fish β-defensins, which is an important group of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). In this study, grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) β-defensin 1 (gcdefb1) was isolated using homology cloning technology. Tissue distribution assay showed that gcdefb1 transcripts were expressed with the highest levels in brain and liver, followed by some mucous tissues. To examine gcDefb1 bioactivities, the recombinant gcDefb1 proteins fused with thioredoxin tag protein (Trx) (Trx-Defb1) were induced for production in Escherichia coli Rosetta-gami2(DE3)pLysS under optimal expression conditions. The antibacterial activity of Trx-Defb1 against Aeromonas hydrophila was assessed and its minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was 36 μM. Interestingly, Trx-Defb1 significantly inhibited LPS-induced Tnf-α (gcTnf-α) secretion and nitric oxide production in grass carp head kidney monocytes/macrophages (HKM), although Trx-Defb1 alone had no effect. Our studies provide the first evidence of fish β-defensin 1 engaging in both antimicrobial and inflammation suppression process.
The Efficiency of the Countercurrent Blowdown in the Membrane-Sorption System with Three Adsorbers
Authors: Gurkin V N , Laguntsov N I , Skuridin I E , Tishin A A 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Hybrid membrane-sorption systems are used to solve the problems of the gas mixtures separation, as air enrichment with oxygen or compressed air drying. Investigation of the waste flow of the PSA stage showed that the flow contains a significant amount of the target component. Thus, it is possible to increase the efficiency of the plant without additional energy costs by implementing a scheme, in which waste flow is used for expulsion. Considered scheme with the sorbent regeneration by the method of blowdown is applicable for various gas mixtures separation, in which it is necessary to separate out the low-sorption component. A demanded application of this scheme can be the solution of the air drying problem.
Multimodal network diffusion predicts future disease–gene–chemical associations
Authors: Lin Chih-Hsu , Konecki Daniel M , Liu Meng , Wilson Stephen J , Nassar Huda , Wilkins Angela D , Gleich David F , Lichtarge Olivier 
Published: October 2018

Abstract

Motivation
Precision medicine is an emerging field with hopes to improve patient treatment and reduce morbidity and mortality. To these ends, computational approaches have predicted associations among genes, chemicals and diseases. Such efforts, however, were often limited to using just some available association types. This lowers prediction coverage and, since prior evidence shows that integrating heterogeneous data is likely beneficial, it may limit accuracy. Therefore, we systematically tested whether using more association types improves prediction.

Results
We study multimodal networks linking diseases, genes and chemicals (drugs) by applying three diffusion algorithms and varying information content. Ten-fold cross-validation shows that these networks are internally consistent, both within and across association types. Also, diffusion methods recovered missing edges, even if all the edges from an entire mode of association were removed. This suggests that information is transferable between these association types. As a realistic validation, time-stamped experiments simulated the predictions of future associations based solely on information known prior to a given date. The results show that many future published results are predictable from current associations. Moreover, in most cases, using more association types increases prediction coverage without significantly decreasing sensitivity and specificity. In case studies, literature-supported validation shows that these predictions mimic human-formulated hypotheses. Overall, this study suggests that diffusion over a more comprehensive multimodal network will generate more useful hypotheses of associations among diseases, genes and chemicals, which may guide the development of precision therapies.

Availability and implementation
Code and data are available at https://github.com/LichtargeLab/multimodal-network-diffusion.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Effect of impaired cardiac conduction after alcohol septal ablation on clinical outcomes: insights from the Euro-ASA registry
Authors: Jensen Morten Kvistholm , Faber Lothar , Liebregts Max , Januska Jaroslav , Krejci Jan , Bartel Thomas , Cooper Robert M , Dabrowski Maciej , Hansen Peter Riis , Almaas Vibeke Marie , Seggewiss Hubert , Horstkotte Dieter , Adlova Radka , Berg Jurriën ten , Bundgaard Henning , Veselka Josef 
Published: October 2018

Abstract

Aims
We analysed the impact of bundle branch block (BBB) and pacemaker (PM) implantation on symptoms and survival after alcohol septal ablation (ASA) in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM).

Methods and results
Among 1416 HCM patients from the Euro-ASA registry, 58 (4%) patients had a PM and 64 (5%) patients had an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) before ASA. At latest follow-up (5.0 ± 4.0 years) after ASA, 118 (8%) patients had an ICD and 229 (16%) patients had a PM. In patients without an implantable device prior to ASA 13% had a PM and 5% had an ICD implanted following ASA. New onset BBB was present in 44% (right BBB in 31%) of patients without previous BBB. At latest follow-up, we found no associations between BBB and New York Heart Association (NYHA) Class 3–4 [odds ratio (OR) 0.98, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.63–1.51; P = 0.91] or Canadian Cardiovascular Society (CCS) Class 3–4 (OR 1.5, CI 0.32–6.7; P = 0.62), respectively, and no associations between PM and NYHA Class 3–4 (OR 1.2, CI 0.70–2.0; P = 0.52) or CCS 3–4 (OR 1.3, CI 0.24–6.6; P = 0.79), respectively. The survival after ASA was not reduced in patients with BBB [hazard ratio (HR) 0.73, CI 0.53–1.01; P = 0.06] or PM (HR 0.78, CI 0.52–1.17; P = 0.24).

Conclusions
Development of BBB or need for a PM after ASA in patients with obstructive HCM was not associated with inferior symptomatic outcome or reduced survival, thus concerns for the negative impact of impaired cardiac conduction on the clinical outcome after ASA were not confirmed.
Activated platelets promote an osteogenic programme and the progression of calcific aortic valve stenosis
Authors: Bouchareb Rihab , Boulanger Marie-Chloé , Tastet Lionel , Mkannez Ghada , Nsaibia Mohamed J , Hadji Fayez , Dahou Abdellaziz , Messadeq Younes , Arsenault Benoit J , Pibarot Philippe , Bossé Yohan , Marette André , Mathieu Patrick 
Published: October 2018

Abstract

Aims
Calcific aortic valve stenosis (CAVS) is characterized by a fibrocalcific process. Studies have shown an association between CAVS and the activation of platelets. It is believed that shear stress associated with CAVS promotes the activation of platelets. However, whether platelets actively participate to the mineralization of the aortic valve (AV) and the progression of CAVS is presently unknown. To identify the role of platelets into the pathobiology of CAVS.

Methods and results
Explanted control non-mineralized and mineralized AVs were examined by scanning electron microscope (SEM) for the presence of activated platelets. In-depth functional assays were carried out with isolated human valve interstitial cells (VICs) and platelets as well as in LDLR−/− apoB100/100 IGFII (IGFII) mice. Scanning electron microscope and immunogold markings for glycoprotein IIb/IIIa (GPIIb/IIIa) revealed the presence of platelet aggregates with fibrin in endothelium-denuded areas of CAVS. In isolated VICs, collagen-activated platelets induced an osteogenic programme. Platelet-derived adenosine diphosphate induced the release of autotaxin (ATX) by VICs. The binding of ATX to GPIIb/IIIa of platelets generated lysophosphatidic acid (LysoPA) with pro-osteogenic properties. In IGFII mice with CAVS, platelet aggregates were found at the surface of AVs. Administration of activated platelets to IGFII mice accelerated the development of CAVS by 2.1-fold, whereas a treatment with Ki16425, an antagonist of LysoPA receptors, prevented platelet-induced mineralization of the AV and the progression of CAVS.

Conclusions
These findings suggest a novel role for platelets in the progression of CAVS.