bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Implantation of biomimetic polydopamine nanocomposite scaffold promotes optic nerve regeneration through modulating inhibitory microenvironment
Authors: Pan Tonghe , Huang Yate , Wei Jinfei , Lai Chen , Chen Yangjun , Nan Kaihui , Wu Wencan 
Published: November 2024

AbstractOptic nerve regeneration remains challenging worldwide due to the limited intrinsic regenerative capacity of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and the inhibitory microenvironment. Oxidative stress, induced by excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) following optic nerve injury, is associated with prolonged neuroinflammation, resulting in a secondary injury of RGCs and the impairment of axon regeneration. Herein, we developed a bionic nanocomposite scaffold (GA@PDA) with immunoregulatory ability for enhanced optic nerve regeneration. The ice-templating method was employed to fabricate biopolymer-based scaffolds with a directional porous structure, mimicking the optic nerve, which effectively guided the oriented growth of neuronal cells. The incorporation of bioinspired polydopamine nanoparticles (PDA NPs) further confers excellent ROS scavenging ability, thereby modulating the phenotype transformation of microglia/macrophages from pro-inflammatory M1 to anti-inflammatory M2. In a rat optic nerve crush model, the implantation of GA@PDA scaffold enhanced survival of RGCs and promoted axonal regeneration. Our study offers novel insights and holds promising potential for the advancement of engineered biomaterials in facilitating optic nerve regeneration.
Suicidal behaviour, depression and generalized anxiety and associated factors among female and male adolescents in Mozambique in 2022–23
Authors: Pengpid Supa , Peltzer Karl , Efraime Boia 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
The purpose of the study was to assess the prevalence and associated factors of major depressive disorder (MDD), generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), and past 12-month suicidal behaviour (PSB) among adolescents in Mozambique.

Methods
Data from 3,109 females (aged 15–19 years) and 1,439 males (aged 15–19 years) that participated in the 2022-23 Mozambique Demographic and health Survey were analysed. MDD was assessed with the PHQ-9 and GAD with the GAD-7.

Results
Results indicate that among girls the prevalence of PSB was 4.3% (attempt 1.0%, plan 1.9% and/or ideation 3.6%) and among boys 2.5% (attempt 0.3%, plan 0.7% and/or ideation 2.4%). Among girls and boys, the prevalence of MDD (≥ 8 scores) was 15.5% and 3.7%, respectively, and the prevalence of GAD (≥ 5 scores) was 25.0% and 10.3%, respectively. In adjusted logistic regression analysis, among girls, GAD was positively and solid fuel use was negatively associated with PSB, while among boys MDD and urban residence were positively associated with PSB. Among female adolescents, currently being pregnant and “big problem to get money for medical treatment” increased the odds of MDD. While among male adolescents, urban residence, having a genital sore or ulcer, has living children, and early sexual debut were positively associated with MDD. Urban residence, current alcohol use, and early sexual debut were positively associated with GAD in male adolescents, while poorer wealth status, being pregnant, and having a “big problem to get money for medical treatment” were positively associated with GAD in female adolescents.

Conclusion
About 3% of participants had PSB, among girls one in five had MDD or GAD and among boys more than 5% had MDD or GAD. Public health interventions can be guided by several associated factors that have been identified.
Integration of disamenity costs and equality considerations regarding onshore wind power expansion and distribution into energy system optimization models
Authors: Lohr C. , Peterssen F. , Schlemminger M. , Bensmann A. , Niepelt R. , Brendel R. , Hanke-Rauschenbach R. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
Social acceptance of energy infrastructure projects affects public support for the energy transition and is essential for the transition’s sustainability and success. Despite extensive research focusing on the social acceptance of renewable energy, and on the acceptance of onshore wind power in particular, energy system models have largely prioritized techno-economic aspects. This focus has created a gap between model results and decision-makers’ needs. In this study, we offer recommendations for integrating disamenity costs and equality considerations—two critical social aspects related to onshore wind power—into energy system optimization. To achieve this, we use a spatially distributed model from a climate-neutral Germany and explore various implementations and trade-offs of these two social aspects.

Results
We identified effective linear formulations for both disamenity costs and equality considerations as model extensions, notably outperforming quadratic alternatives, which exhibit longer solution times (+ 50–115%). Our findings reveal that the endogenous consideration of disamenity costs in the optimization approach can significantly reduce the human population’s exposure to wind turbines, decreasing the average disamenity per turbine by 53%. Drawing on notions of welfare economics, we employ two different approaches for integrating equality into the optimization process, permitting the modulation of the degree of equality within spatial distributions in energy system models. The trade-offs of the two social aspects compared to the cost-optimal reference are moderate, resulting in a 2–3% increase in system costs.

Conclusions
Disamenity costs emerge as a predominant factor in the distribution of onshore wind power in energy system optimization models. However, existing plans for onshore wind power distribution in Germany underscore equality as the driving factor. The inclusion of social aspects in energy system models facilitates the identification of socially superior wind turbine locations. Neglecting disamenity costs and equality considerations leads to an overestimation of the practical solution space for decision-makers and, consequently, the resulting energy system designs.
Comparison and combination of mutation and methylation-based urine tests for bladder cancer detection
Authors: Gordon Naheema S. , McGuigan Elspeth K. , Ondasova Michaela , Knight Jennifer , Baxter Laura A. , Ott Sascha , Hastings Robert K. , Zeegers Maurice P. , James Nicholas D. , Cheng K. K. , Goel Anshita , Yu Minghao , Arnold Roland , Bryan Richard T. , Ward Douglas G. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background and aims
Several non-invasive tests for detecting bladder cancer (BC) are commercially available and are based on detecting small panels of BC-associated mutations and/or methylation changes in urine DNA. However, it is not clear which type of biomarker is best, or if a combination of the two is needed. In this study we address this question by taking a 23-gene mutation panel (GALEAS™ Bladder, GB) and testing if adding a panel of methylation markers improves the sensitivity of BC detection.

Methods
Twenty-three methylation markers were assessed in urine DNA by bisulphite conversion, multiplex PCR, and next generation sequencing in 118 randomly selected haematuria patients with pre-existing GB data (56 BCs and 62 non-BCs), split into training and test sets. We also analysed an additional 16 GB false-negative urine DNAs.

Results
The methylation panel detected bladder cancer in haematuria patients with 69% sensitivity at 96% specificity (test set results, 95% CIs 52-87% and 80-99%, respectively). Corresponding sensitivity and specificity for GB were 92% and 89%. Methylation and mutation markers were highly concordant in urine, with all GB false-negative samples also negative for methylation markers.

Conclusions and limitations
Our data show that, with a comprehensive mutation panel, any gains from adding methylation markers are, at best, marginal. It is likely that low tumour content is the commonest cause of false-negative urine test results. Our study does have a limited sample size and other methylation markers might behave differently to the those studied here.
Characteristics of foundries and alloy composition of modern and contemporary Korean artistic bronze
Authors: Kwon Heehong 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This study investigated the changes in foundries and production techniques of modern and contemporary Korean artistic bronze constructions from the 1910s to the 2000s. To determine the characteristics of foundries and changes in alloy composition based on era, interviews with key sculptors and foundry technicians, analysis of archival materials related to casting, and nondestructive X-ray fluorescence analysis of 92 bronze sculptures by Manlin Choi, were conducted. This study found that foundries for artistic bronze underwent technical and organizational changes from the 1910s to the 2000s. Modern casting techniques and foreign technologies have been introduced since the late 1960s that have resulted in various production methods. The portable X-ray fluorescence analysis of Manlin Choi’s 92 bronze sculptures revealed distinct differences in alloy composition depending on the foundry, findings that have also been supported by records (contracts, receipts, payment confirmations). This study systematically organizes the changes in foundries and production techniques of modern and contemporary Korean artistic bronze, identifying correlations between alloy composition and foundries, and is expected to provide important data for the future conservation and scientific authentication of artistic bronze.
Modifiable risk factors that mediate the effect of insomnia on the risk of low back pain: a network mendelian randomization study
Authors: Lu WeiSong , Wang YongQuan , An Yue , Li MengZe , Wang Sen , Lian Jie , Xu Hegui 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
Low back pain (LBP) and insomnia are common global health issues, but their relationship and potential mediators remain unclear. This study aimed to explore the impact of insomnia on LBP using mendelian randomization (MR) methods and analyze the mediating role of modifiable factors.

Methods
Univariable MR (UVMR) analysis was employed to examine the causal relationship between insomnia and LBP, as well as the association between modifiable factors [smoking, alcohol consumption, body mass index (BMI), and type 2 diabetes (T2DM)] and LBP. Subsequently, multivariable MR (MVMR) analysis was conducted to explore the impact of insomnia on the mediation of LBP risk by modifiable factors.

Results
In the UVMR analysis, insomnia [odds ratio (OR) = 2.95, 95%CI: 2.33–3.72)] and BMI (OR = 1.18, 95%CI: 1.02–1.37) were positively associated with the prevalence of LBP. The effects of smoking, alcohol consumption, and T2DM on LBP were not significant (P > 0.05). In the MVMR analysis, the proportion of mediation of BMI on the relationship between insomnia and LBP was 7.12%.

Conclusion
This study revealed the causal relationship between insomnia and LBP using MR methods for the first time, and identified the mediating role of BMI. These findings offer new insights into understanding the relationship between insomnia and LBP, informing the prevention and treatment of these two health issues.
Addressing treatment hurdles in adults with late-onset attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a detailed case report
Authors: da Silva Leandro Sandra Isamar , Alves Kelvin Corrêa Miranda , de Oliveira Francisco Ícaro Silvério , de Aquino Matoso Lavínnya Yáskara , Zamoner Beatriz Mazzer , Romano Thaís Malta , de Lima Nardin Karoliny , Cavalcante Fernanda Susy Bessa Menezes , Müller Paulo Guilherme , Gervásio Bruna Capello , Gusmão Camilla Teixeira Pinheiro , dos Santos Júlio César Claudino 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the most prevalent psychiatric disorder in children, characterized by inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. This neurobehavioral disorder often persists into adulthood, presenting significant challenges when undiagnosed and untreated, due to potential long-term implications and comorbidities, including anxiety, mood instability, and mixed symptoms along the bipolar spectrum.

Case presentation
A 49-year-old married male patient presented with anxiety and recurrent depressive episodes, initially diagnosed as major depressive disorder. His mood symptoms fluctuated between depressive lows, irritability, and impulsivity. His diagnosis was revised to ADHD with comorbid bipolar spectrum disorder. The patient exhibited lifelong ADHD symptoms affecting academic performance, relationships, and job responsibilities. Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) was employed to manage symptoms and enhance coping strategies. Despite progress in controlling anger and impulsivity, challenges persisted in inhibitory control and negative triggers, causing impulsive decisions. The patient reported a restless mind, depressive mood, and a sense of inadequacy. Improvements were noted in anxiety regulation, concentration, and sleep quality, though deficits in cognitive and behavioral domains remained. The patient faced challenges in academic performance, information processing speed, attention, and executive functions.

Conclusion
This case underscores the importance of accurately diagnosing ADHD and its comorbidities in adults to ensure effective treatment. Delayed diagnosis can have lasting impacts, emphasizing the need for further research and personalized therapeutic approaches. The insights from this case serve as a valuable resource for healthcare professionals enhancing their understanding of the diverse manifestations of ADHD, aiding in better diagnosis and management strategies.
Causality relationships between climate policy uncertainty, renewable energy stocks, and oil prices: a mixed-frequency causality analysis
Authors: Zaier Leila Hedhili , Mokni Khaled , Ajmi Ahdi Noomen 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis paper investigates the predictive relationships among climate policy uncertainty (CPU), oil prices, and renewable energy (RE) stock market returns, particularly highlighting the challenges posed by the varying data frequencies of these variables. The study utilizes a comprehensive dataset comprising monthly CPU, daily oil prices, and RE stock returns, sourced globally. By applying a mixed-frequency causality test (MFCT), the analysis reveals significant predictability across different time horizons, particularly highlighting the strong influence of oil prices on RE stock returns over short-term horizons, while CPU demonstrates a more pronounced effect over medium to long-term horizons. In contrast, the application of the classical Granger causality test on low-frequency (monthly) data indicates an insignificant relationship between CPU and RE stocks, suggesting that traditional models may overlook important predictive dynamics. The analysis was conducted using Matlab code, and the findings provide valuable insights for policymakers in designing effective climate policies and for investors in optimizing portfolio strategies and hedging against risks.
Rights of the Shareholders in Limited Liability Company. Selected Issues
Authors: Moszyńska Anna , Żochowski Wiktor , Kugacz Bartłomiej , Löhnig Martin , Sikorska-Lewandowska Aleksandra , Staudigl-Ciechowicz Kamila , Kłoda Mariusz Tomasz 
Published: November 2024

The model of a limited liability company (GmbH) was created by German jurists in 1892 and quickly became one of the most popular forms of conducting business around the world. Although this model has been operating in a slightly changed form for more than 130 years, it still raises numerous questions and controversies. The rights of shareholders have proved to be a particularly important issue in this regard. Although the chapters of this book, focusing only on selected issues, do not exhaust the broad subject of shareholders' rights in a limited liability company, they constitute an interesting study of the problems currently discussed in the practice and theory of German (chapter 1), Austrian (chapter 2) and Polish law (chapters 3–7), framed in the European context. This book is the result of the cooperation of academics from the University of Regensburg (Germany), the University of Vienna (Austria) and the Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń (Poland), including young researchers from Academia Rerum Socialium (Doctoral School of Social Sciences).
Reproducible Feature Selection for High-Dimensional Measurement Error Models
Authors: Zhou Xin , Li Yang , Zheng Zemin , Wu Jie , Zhang Jiarui 
Published: November 2024

The literature has witnessed an upsurge of interest in dealing with corrupted data in diverse operations research and optimization applications. Despite the substantial progress of feature selection, how to control the false discovery rate (FDR) under measurement errors remains largely unexplored, especially in the knockoffs framework. In this paper, we extend the recently developed knockoff procedures designed for clean data sets to deal with corrupted data. To be specific, we propose a new method called the double projection knockoff filter (DP-knockoff) for reproducible feature selection under additive measurement errors in the high-dimensional setup. Our key contribution is to show that the FDR of the proposed DP-knockoff can be asymptotically controlled within a user-specified level. This is nontrivial because there is no way to obtain the exact knockoff copies due to the unobservable measurement errors. We address this issue by resorting to certain bias-corrected test statistics. Our numerical studies and real data analysis demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed procedure. History: Accepted by Ram Ramesh, Area Editor for Data Science and Machine Learning. Funding: Financial support from the National Key Research and Development Program of China [Grant 2022YFA1008000], the Natural Science Foundation of China [Grants 11671374, 12101584, 71731010, 71921001, and 72071187], the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [Grants WK3470000017 and WK2040000047], the Doctoral Research Start-up Funds Projects of Anhui University [Grant S020318033/005], and the University Natural Science Research Project of Anhui Province [Grant 2023AH050101] is gratefully acknowledged. Supplemental Material: The software that supports the findings of this study is available within the paper and its Supplemental Information ( https://pubsonline.informs.org/doi/suppl/10.1287/ijoc.2023.0282 ), as well as from the IJOC GitHub software repository ( https://github.com/INFORMSJoC/2023.0282 ). The complete IJOC Software and Data Repository is available at https://informsjoc.github.io/ .
A spectacular effect of tocilizumab in Takayasu arteritis
Authors: Saïd Fatma , Naceur Ines , Ben Achour Tayssir , Jridi Mayssam , Smiti Monia 
Published: November 2024

Background: Anti-interleukin-6 receptors (anti-IL-6R) have been a promising new therapeutic alternative in the treatment of Takayasu arteritis. Case description: We report the case of a 34-year-old patient with Takayasu arteritis diagnosed in 2017. While she was on corticosteroid and methotrexate, the patient presented twice with clinical and radiological signs of activity, requiring an increase of corticosteroid dose and an increase in the methotrexate dose to 20 mg/week. Anti-IL-6R infusions were indicated. At the end of the fifth infusion, the patient was totally asymptomatic: she no longer experienced episodes of syncope or amnesia. Conclusion: Our case perfectly illustrates the effectiveness of anti-IL-6R in the treatment of Takayasu arteritis, especially in its refractory form.
The impact of in-house education on staff confidence in delivering palliative and end-of-life care: a service evaluation
Authors: Cuthbert Tracey , Taylor Siobhan 
Published: November 2024

Background: Palliative and end-of-life care (EoLC) education is available to all community and hospital healthcare staff in one NHS trust in the north-east of England. It is also available to care home and domiciliary care staff within the geographical area of the trust. Aims: This service evaluation assessed the effect of current in-house education on staff confidence levels in delivering palliative and EoLC. It also examined staff perceptions of how attendance at these courses impacted on the palliative and EoLC patients receive across the locality. Method: A mixed-methods approach was undertaken. Anonymous data were collected via surveys (n=238) sent out in March 2023 covering educational courses that were delivered from 1 January to 31 December 2022 with a 13% response rate. Quantitative data were analysed using descriptive statistics. Qualitative data were explored using Braun and Clarke's (2012) six-stage approach to thematic analysis. A second staff member was asked to review the data to increase the trustworthiness of the study. Findings: Staff confidence levels in delivering palliative and EoLC increased by 19% (somewhat confident) and 23% (extremely confident) following attendance at trust education. Staff perceived that those patients received better palliative and EoLC as a result their attendance at these courses. The qualitative data identified five main themes: symptom control, psychological support, holistic care, patient advocacy, and advance care planning. Limitations of the study included the low survey response rate and lack of exploration of patient/carer perceptions directly. Conclusion: Palliative and EoLC education can increase staff confidence levels in care delivery and, as perceived by staff, results in better care for patients receiving palliative and EoLC. These findings provide evidence for the trust to consider making palliative and EoLC training mandatory, which could also be considered more widely regionally and nationally.
The reality of nursing time: how nurses spend their shifts
Authors: Walsby Alex , Williams Sharon , Gammon John , Best Stephanie 
Published: November 2024

Background: Nurse staffing levels are increasingly challenged while pressures on healthcare systems are rising. There is a clear need to optimise efficiency in healthcare delivery in order to deliver safe, effective and quality health care. Aim: To understand how nurses working shifts spend their time and explore opportunities to improve efficiency in care delivery. Method: A time-motion study was conducted on three acute care wards in a district general hospital in West Wales; 13 nurses were observed over 14 shifts, each activity undertaken was recorded in real time. Findings: In all, 109 hours were observed. Approximately half of nurses’ time is spent delivering direct patient care, with medications administration taking the majority of time. Conclusion: A number of recommendations are made involving processes and workforce modelling with the aim of improving efficiency and safety. Further research would be required to assess the impact of their introduction.
NbSe2/PtTe2 heterostructures as saturable absorbers for mid-infrared pulsed solid-state lasers
Authors: Yang Yiheng , Gao Lulu , Han Yingxue , Gao Qiong , Lan Ruijun , Shen Yingjie 
Published: November 2024

We have realized for the first time, to the best of our knowledge, a 2 µm nanosecond solid-state passive Q-switched Tm:YAP laser based on a NbSe2/PtTe2 heterojunction saturable absorber. At an incident pump power of 12.69 W, the Tm:YAP laser produces stable laser pulses with a minimum pulse width of 818 ns, a maximum single-pulse energy of 15.48 µJ, and a peak power of 18.93 W at a repetition rate of 79.44 kHz. The comparison results show enhanced saturable absorption performance compared to single NbSe2 (1 µs, 70.32 kHz) and single PtTe2 (1.31 µs, 71.97 kHz). The experimental results confirm that the NbSe2/PtTe2 heterojunction is a promising saturable absorption material that can be used to realize high-performance mid-infrared pulsed lasers. The resulting nanosecond 2 µm Q-switched pulsed laser will play an important role in atmospheric monitoring, lidar, and other fields, and can provide a strong driving force.