bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effectiveness of self‐management interventions in adults with chronic orofacial pain: A systematic review, meta‐analysis and meta‐regression
Authors: Aggarwal Vishal R. , Fu Yu , Main Chris J. , Wu Jianhua 
Published: January 2019

AbstractBackgroundPsychosocial risk factors associated with chronic orofacial pain are amenable to self‐management. However, current management involves invasive therapies which lack an evidence base and has the potential to cause iatrogenic harm.ObjectivesTo determine: (a) whether self‐management is more effective than usual care in improving pain intensity and psychosocial well‐being and (b) optimal components of self‐management interventions.Databases and data treatmentCochrane Oral Health Group Trials Register, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform and Clinical Trials.gov were searched. Meta‐analysis was used to determine effectiveness, and GRADE was used to rate quality, certainty and applicability of evidence.ResultsFourteen trials were included. Meta‐analyses showed self‐management was effective for long‐term pain intensity (standardized mean difference [SMD] −0.32, 95% confidence interval [CI] −0.47 to −0.17) and depression (SMD −0.32, 95% CI −0.50 to −0.15). GRADE analysis showed a high score for certainty of evidence for these outcomes and significant effects for additional outcomes of activity interference (−0.29 95% CI −0.47 to −0.11) and muscle palpation pain (SMD −0.58 95% CI −0.92 to −0.24). Meta‐regression showed nonsignificant effects for biofeedback on long‐term pain (−0.16, 95% CI −0.48 to 0.17, p‐value = 0.360) and depression (−0.13, 95% CI −0.50 to 0.23, p‐value = 0.475).ConclusionsSelf‐management interventions are effective for patients with chronic orofacial pain. Packages of physical and psychosocial self‐regulation and education appear beneficial. Early self‐management of chronic orofacial pain should be a priority for future testing.SignificanceThis systematic review provides clear evidence for effectiveness of combined biomedical and psychological interventions (incorporating self‐management approaches) on long‐term outcomes in the management of chronic orofacial (principally TMD) pain. Self‐management should be a priority for early intervention in primary care in preference to invasive, irreversible and costly therapies. Further research is needed firstly to clarify the relative effectiveness of specific components of self‐management, both individually and in conjunction, and secondly on outcomes in other types of chronic orofacial pains.
A study of the effects of ullage during the burning of horizontal PMMA and MMA surfaces
Authors: Ranga Rakesh H.R. , Korobeinichev Oleg P. , Raghavan Vasudevan , Tereshchenko Alexander G. , Trubachev Stanislav A. , Shmakov Andrei G. 
Published: January 2019

SummaryExperimental and numerical investigations of burning of horizontal surfaces of poly methyl methacrylate and methyl methacrylate are presented. A burner used in this study allows for the fuel surface to be oriented horizontally at a given distance from the burner rim. One of the aims of this study is to understand the effects of ullage (distance between burner rim and fuel surface) on the burning rate of the fuel and the flame structure. In the case of poly methyl methacrylate, the surface at an initial ullage regresses during its burning, and in the case of methyl methacrylate, the pool level is maintained at the given ullage by supplying the fuel at the rate of its burning. Careful repeatable measurements of temperature and species fields are carried out. These reveal the structure of a small‐scale pool flame established over a polymeric fluid such as methyl methacrylate, and such data are scarce in literature. In order to complement the experimental results, fire dynamics simulator is employed to simulate the experimental cases. Flame structure and flow field in the gas phase have been presented and discussed. As the ullage increases, the burning rate decreases. This trend is explained using surface convective heat flux results.
Benzodiazepines or related drugs and risk of pneumonia: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Sun Guo‐qing , Zhang Lei , Zhang Li‐na , Wu Zhe , Hu De‐feng 
Published: January 2019

ObjectiveBenzodiazepines and benzodiazepine‐related drugs (BZRDs) are used to treat various psychiatric diseases. However, there are concerns that BZRDs increase the risk of pneumonia.MethodsWe performed a systematic review and meta‐analysis of observational studies to determine whether BZRD use affects the risk of pneumonia. Our analysis included all observational studies that compared pneumonia development among patients receiving BZRD vs those with no treatment.ResultsIn total, 12 citations of 10 studies involving more than 120,000 pneumonia cases were included in our meta‐analysis. After pooling the estimates, the odds for developing pneumonia were 1.25‐fold higher (odd ratio, OR = 1.25; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.09‐1.44) in BZRD users compared with individuals who had not taken BZRD. On the basis of exposure window, we found an increased risk of pneumonia among current (OR = 1.4; 95%CI, 1.22‐1.6) and recent (OR = 1.38; 95%CI, 1.06‐1.8) users, but not with the past users (OR = 1.11; 95%CI, 0.96‐1.27).ConclusionCurrent or recent exposure to BZRD is associated with an increased pneumonia risk. Clinicians need to weight the benefit‐risk balance of BZRD use, especially those with other risk factors for pneumonia.
Determinants of long‐term survival in a population‐based cohort study of patients with head and neck cancer from Scotland
Authors: Ingarfield Kate , McMahon Alex D. , Douglas Catriona M. , Savage Shirley‐Anne , Conway David I. , MacKenzie Kenneth 
Published: January 2019

AbstractBackgroundWe investigated long‐term survival from head and neck cancer (HNC) using different survival approaches.MethodsPatients were followed‐up from the Scottish Audit of Head and Neck Cancer. Overall survival and disease‐specific survival were calculated using the Kaplan–Meier method. Net survival was calculated by the Pohar‐Perme method. Mutually adjusted Cox proportional hazards models were used to determine the predictors of survival.ResultsA total of 1820 patients were included in the analyses. Overall survival at 12 years was 26.3% (24.3%, 28.3%). Disease‐specific survival at 12 years was 56.9% (54.3%, 59.4%). Net survival at 12 years was 41.4% (37.6%, 45.1%).ConclusionDeterminants associated with long‐term survival included age, stage, treatment modality, WHO performance status, alcohol consumption, smoking behavior, and anatomical site. We recommend that net survival is used for long‐term outcomes for HNC patients—it disentangles other causes of death, which are overestimated in overall survival and underestimated in disease‐specific survival.
Challenges and Opportunities in Trade‐off Analytics for Systems of Systems
Authors: Monahan William , Jacobs Ryan , Markina‐Khusid Aleksandra , Dahmann Judith 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACTIncreasingly the systems engineering community recognizes that success of many of today's enterprises depends on our ability to effectively reason about and harness Systems of Systems (SoS) capabilities. This paper specifically addresses the challenges in conducting trade‐off analysis for SoS, approaches that help to alleviate these challenges, and identifies opportunities for further development. For large SoS the use of lightweight analysis approaches provides a way to manage the complexity and identify promising options for more detail trade‐off analysis approaches.
COD and Color Removal from Real Dyeing Wastewater by Ozonation
Authors: Yang De‐min , Yuan Jian‐mei 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT: Ozonation of real dye wastewater for removal of color and COD reduction covering a wide range in operating parameters forms the scope of the present work. The influence of parameters such as influent pH, ozone flow rate and initial effluent concentration on ozonation efficiency has been critically examined. It has been observed from the present investigation that a maximum of COD removal efficiency of 92.5% has been achieved under optimum operating conditions (pH=11; ozone flow rate: 6×10−3 m3/minute). Further the biodegradability index of the dye effluent has increased from an initial value of 0.18 to 0.49 during ozonation indicating favorable adaptation of ozonation as a primer to the biochemical technique to enhance the efficiency of biochemical treatment.
The Cost of Osteoporosis, Osteopenia, and Associated Fractures in Australia in 2017
Authors: Tatangelo Gemma , Watts Jennifer , Lim Karen , Connaughton Catherine , Abimanyi-Ochom Julie , Borgström Fredrik , Nicholson Geoff C , Shore-Lorenti Catherine , Stuart Amanda L , Iuliano-Burns Sandra , Seeman Ego , Prince Richard , March Lyn , Cross Marita , Winzenberg Tania , Laslett Laura L , Duque Gustavo , Ebeling Peter R , Sanders Kerrie M 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT

Osteoporosis and osteopenia are increasingly prevalent conditions among older adults. Not only do the fractures associated with poor bone health have significant health consequences for the individual, but also their economic impact is placing increasing financial burden on governments and society. This study aimed to determine the direct economic cost of osteoporosis, osteopenia, and fractures among Australians aged 50 years and older in 2017. This study uses previous Australian data on the incidence and prevalence of osteoporosis and osteopenia together with recent Australian data on health service utilization after fracture to provide an estimate of the economic burden of osteoporosis. A bottom-up costing approach was used to determine the average direct health care and non-health care total costs of a fracture, as well as the average community health service costs of managing individuals with osteoporosis or osteopenia. The total direct cost of osteoporosis in Australia in 2017 was estimated to be $3.44 billion (AUD 2017, USD 2.77 billion). Treatment of fractures accounted for 68% of total direct costs, and non-fracture management of osteoporosis accounted for 32%. Hip fractures accounted for the highest proportion (43%) of the total direct cost of fractures, although fractures at “other” sites accounted for 38.5%. Fractures among individuals aged 70 years and older accounted for 74% of the direct costs (55% and 19% in women and men, respectively). Fracture costs in those with osteopenia accounted for 50% of direct fracture treatment costs. This up-to-date cost analysis estimated that costs in 2017 were three times higher than in 2007. These estimates will aid clinicians, policy makers, researchers, and health care organizations to acknowledge the economic importance of reducing osteoporosis-related fractures and associated costs. This provides a strong public health case to promote bone health that will assist in reducing future fracture-related costs. © 2018 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
MicroRNA‐375‐3p inhibitor suppresses angiotensin II‐induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy by promoting lactate dehydrogenase B expression
Authors: Feng Huijuan , Wu Juqing , Chen Pan , Wang Jing , Deng Yuying , Zhu Guoquan , Xian Jialang , Huang Liuhua , Ouyang Wei 
Published: January 2019

AbstractCardiac hypertrophy is a myocardial enlargement due to overload pressure, and the primary cause of heart failure. We investigated the function of miR‐375‐3p in cardiac hypertrophy and its regulating mechanisms. miR‐375‐3p was upregulated in hearts of the transverse aortic constriction rat model and angiotensin II (Ang II)‐induced primary cardiomyocyte hypertrophy model; the opposite was observed for lactate dehydrogenase B (LDHB) protein expression. miR‐375‐3p knockdown reduced the surface area of primary cardiomyocytes increased by Ang II treatment and decreased the B‐natriuretic peptide (BNP) and β‐myosin heavy chain (β‐MHC) messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein levels. miR‐375‐3p was also observed to directly target LDHB. LDHB knockdown increased the surface area of Ang II‐treated primary cardiomyocytes and increased the BNP and β‐MHC mRNA and protein levels. LDHB knockdown attenuated the effects of miR‐375‐3p on the surface area of primary cardiomyocytes and BNP and β‐MHC levels. Therefore, miR‐375‐3p inhibitor suppresses Ang II‐induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy by promoting LDHB expression.
Facile preparation of KBiO3/g‐C3N4composites with microwave irradiation for photocatalytic hydrogen production
Authors: Montalvo‐Herrera Teresa , Sánchez‐Martínez Daniel , Hernandez‐Uresti Diana B , Zarazua‐Morin Elvira 
Published: January 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDKBiO3/g‐C3N4composites were prepared under microwave irradiation to different weight ratios of KBiO3(5, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70 80, 90%wt) using a Mars‐6 microwave for 30 min at 100 W. The samples were characterized by X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FT‐IR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersion spectroscopy (EDS)‐ mapping, N2physisorption and diffuse reflection spectroscopy (DRS). The photocatalytic activity of the samples was evaluated in the hydrogen evolution reaction.RESULTSThe composites were confirmed by XRD, where it was observed that in samples with up to 60% KBiO3it is easy to identify the characteristic peak of g‐C3N4. Composites show that KBiO3was homogeneously dispersed on g‐C3N4according to EDS‐mapping observations. In the photocatalytic tests it was observed that when the concentration of g‐C3N4was greater than that of KBiO3, but up to a certain limit, there was greater production of hydrogen.CONCLUSIONSKBiO3/g‐C3N4composites were prepared successfully with microwave irradiation, reaching a good synergy between both materials for hydrogen production reaction.This synergy was improved by the use of microwaves that facilitate the dispersion and binding of both materials. The sample with best hydrogen production was 40%KBiO3/60%C3N4with 698 µmol H2 g−1, which is about three times higher than that of g‐C3N4and seven times higher than that of KBiO3. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Catalytic oxidation of tricholoethylene over Cr/ZSM‐5/PSSF zeolite membrane catalysts prepared by chemical vapor deposition
Authors: Zhang Yong , Zhang Huiping , Yan Ying 
Published: January 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDChemical vapor deposition (CVD) is a promising catalyst preparation method owing to high dispersion and small particles of metallic oxides. Besides, the ZSM‐5 zeolite membrane is used to treat volatile organic compounds (VOCs) due to relatively high contact efficiency, lower bed pressure drop and mass transfer resistance than granular ZSM‐5, giving good stability of the metal catalysts. However, Cr modified ZSM‐5 zeolite membrane prepared by CVD for trichloroethylene (TCE) catalytic oxidation was still not well‐studied. In the present study, a series of Cr(x)/ZSM‐5/PSSF (x = 1, 3, 5 and 7) catalysts with different Cr loadings was prepared by CVD and further characterized by nitrogen gas (N2) adsorption and desorption, X‐ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), ammonia temperature‐programmed desorption (NH3‐TPD) and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), as well as catalytic performance for TCE oxidation.RESULTSThe results showed that the Cr2O3 species were uniformly dispersed on the surface of ZSM‐5/PSSF, and that the Cr(1)/ZP catalyst exhibited the best catalytic activity for TCE oxidation owing to more Cr6+ species and adsorbed oxygen. It also demonstrated that the Cr(1)/ZP catalyst shows superior catalytic performance for TCE oxidation, giving a T90 that is about 62 °C (c.15%) lower than 1% Cr/ZSM‐5 particle catalyst. Furthermore, it exhibited an excellent stability after online testing at 440 °C for 30 h, and then dropped from 91% to 62% after 95 h, finally remaining at 62% after 120 h.CONCLUSIONThe study demonstrated that Cr/ZSM‐5 zoelite membrane catalysts prepared by CVD show better catalytic behavior and stability for catalytic oxidation of TCE than Cr/ZSM‐5 zoelite catalysts. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Performance of a greywater cathode in a microbial fuel cell with three ion exchange membranes
Authors: Moreno‐Cervera Rodrigo , Aguilar‐Vega Manuel , Domínguez‐Maldonado Jorge , Cámara‐Chale Gerardo , Alzate‐Gaviria Liliana 
Published: January 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDGreywater and blackwater treatment is necessary to make sanitation and water reuse possible, and microbial fuel cells (MFCs) have emerged as a promising technology for achieving this objective. Ion exchange membranes play a key role in double chamber microbial fuel cell performance, but there are differences of opinion as to which membrane type is better.RESULTSThis project was set up to study the effect of three ion exchange membranes (Nafion® 117, Ultrex™ CMI‐7000 and Ultrex™ AMI‐7001) in MFCs using greywater as catholyte in stacks of three microbial fuel cells each. The results demonstrate that the stacks with cationic membranes (Nafion® 117 and Ultrex™ CMI‐7000) generated higher power (201.50 ± 21.62 and 178.74 ± 56.89 mW m−3, respectively) than those with the anionic membrane stack Ultrex™ AMI‐7001 (71.57 ± 3.46 mW m−3). For the greywater catholyte, a 31% of chemical oxygen demand removal was achieved and proved to be an option as a catholyte in microbial fuel cells for countries that carry out wastewater separation.CONCLUSIONSThe results obtained in this study demonstrated that an anion exchange membrane is not a better option for double chamber MFCs. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Short‐chain fatty acids as a target for prevention against food allergy by regulatory T cells
Authors: Zhu Zhenni , Zhu Bin , Hu Chijun , Liu Yang , Wang Xiaoli , Zhang Jiajia , Wang Fengge , Zhu Maolong 
Published: January 2019

ObjectiveFood allergy (FA) has become a public health issue of global concern. Short‐chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are one of the most important biomarkers of intestinal metabolites. SCFAs may affect the occurrence and development of FA. Currently, no studies have been reported on the mechanism of FA in response to SCFAs. In this study, the common food allergen ovalbumin (OVA) was used for intestinal sensitization in Balb/c mice to study the effect of FA on intestinal barrier function and regulatory T cells in mice, thus providing a new target for the prevention and treatment of FA.MethodsTwenty BALB/c mice were randomly divided into the experimental group and control group. The experimental group was given OVA, and the control group was given an equal amount of physiological saline. On the 31st day of modeling, the levels of secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) and serum total IgE and diamine oxidase (DAO) were determined using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). At the same time, after in vitro stimulation with different concentrations of SCFAs and histone acetylase inhibitor trichostatin A (TSA), the frequency and function of Treg in OVA‐sensitized mice were detected by flow cytometry.ResultsDifferent concentrations of SCFAs and TSA selectively proliferate Treg cells in a dose‐dependent manner. SCFAs and TSA‐pretreated PBMCs that were injected intravenously into the OVA‐sensitized mice through the tail vein can significantly reduce the expression of IgE, DAO, and sIgA.ConclusionSCFAs and TSA can selectively proliferate Tregs and upregulate the expression of anti‐inflammatory cytokines, thereby suppressing allergic reactions.
An approach to determine cutoff frequency and maximum oscillation frequency of common emitter heterojunction bipolar transistor
Authors: Zhang Ao , Gao Jianjun 
Published: January 2019

AbstractAnalytical expressions for the short‐circuit current gain and unilateral power gain of common emitter heterojunction bipolar transistor (HBT) are presented in this paper. These expressions are derived from a simplified π‐type small signal equivalent circuit model, which takes into account the influence of the extrinsic resistances and base‐collector capacitance distributed nature. Good agreement is obtained between measured and calculated results for both two indium phosphide (InP) HBT devices and a gallium arsenide (GaAs) HBT device over a wide range of bias points.
Ethyl pyruvate (EP) suppressed post‐harvest blue mold of sweet cherry fruit by inhibiting the growth of Penicillium oxalicum
Authors: Wang Chu , Niu Yu , Meng Qiuxia , Zhang Lizhen 
Published: January 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe shelf‐life of fresh sweet cherry is relatively short due to fungal decay during post‐harvest storage. To investigate the effect and the mechanism of action of ethyl pyruvate (EP) against blue mold of sweet cherry fruit caused by Penicillium oxalicum, the spores were treated with 25 mg L−1 EP. The spore germination rate of P. oxalicum, the integrities of the cell wall and plasma membrane, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were evaluated.RESULTSEP treatment significantly suppressed post‐harvest blue mold of sweet cherry fruit. We found that the treatment of 25 mg L−1 EP significantly suppressed blue mold of post‐harvest sweet cherry fruit by directly inhibiting germination and the mycelial growth of P. oxalicum. After co‐inoculation with EP for 30 min, the spore germination rate of P. oxalicum was reduced by 83.5%. In addition, the pH of the EP solution was found to affect its antimicrobial activity. After treatment with EP, the cell surface structures of the spores of P. oxalicum were much more incomplete, and higher ROS and MDA values were recorded in the spores.CONCLUSIONSThe results suggested that EP treatment destroyed the integrities of the cell surface structures and caused oxidative damage of the spores of P. oxalicum. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Clinical outcomes after shared decision‐making tools with families of children with obstructive sleep apnea without tonsillar hypertrophy
Authors: Bergeron Mathieu , Duggins Angela , Chini Barbara , Ishman Stacey L. 
Published: January 2019

ObjectivesTo determine if shared decision‐making tools (SDMTs) improve clinical outcomes for these children.Shared decision making (SDM) is a collaborative process in which patients and clinicians jointly establish treatment plans that integrate clinical evidence and patient values/preferences. We previously reported less decisional conflict using a SDMT for families of children with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) without tonsillar hypertrophyl; however, the clinical impact of this finding is unknown.MethodsProspective single‐blind randomized controlled trial for consecutive patients referred to a multidisciplinary upper airway center. The study group used a SDMT, whereas the control group did not; all were followed until their next appointment and polysomnogram.ResultsWe assessed 50 families (24 study, 26 controls); mean age of patients was 8.8 (95% confidence interval 6.9–10.6) years, and 44% were female. After their initial visit, there was agreement between families and providers on the best treatment option for 22 of 24 (91.7%) study patients and 12 of 26 (46.2%) controls (P < 0.001). Before the first follow‐up, four control families (15.4%) modified their treatment plan, whereas none of the study families did so (P =  0.04). Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) compliance was 27% (3 of 11) for controls and 57% (5 of 8) for study patients (P =  0.11). The median obstructive apnea‐hypopnea index significantly improved in study patients from 13.4 (range, 20.0–57.2) to 3.5 (range 0.4–45.5, P =  0.01] events per hour, but not in controls, with 9.4 (range, 0.9–76.2) to 4.9 (range, 0–116, P =  0.10) events per hour.ConclusionFamilies of children with OSA without tonsillar hypertrophy who were counseled regarding treatment options using SMDTs were more likely to undergo agreed upon treatment and had higher CPAP compliance.Level of Evidence1b. Laryngoscope, 129:2646–2651, 2019