bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Missed opportunities: Lack of a diagnostic workup of anaemia results in a high prevalence of unidentified anaemia
Authors: Carrier Christian , Meltzer David , Prochaska Micah T. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesAnaemia is a treatable common condition with various aetiologies and is prevalent in hospitalized patients. However, anaemia is inconsistently worked up and treated in the inpatient setting, in part because there is no standardized inpatient diagnostic and treatment approach to anaemia. Therefore, the objective of this study was to examine the diagnostic approach and prevalence of common aetiologies of anaemia in hospitalized patients and test for an association between aetiologies of anaemia and patient characteristics.Materials and MethodsThis study is a prospective observational study of hospitalized adult patients with anaemia. Patient laboratory data were used to assess the frequency of anaemia diagnostic workup and common aetiologies of anaemia.ResultsIn a sample of 945 patients (mean age 58 years, 57% female and 72% Black), 30% patients had chronic anaemia, 11% had multifactorial anaemia, 5% had iron deficiency and 37% had insufficient laboratory data to determine their anaemia aetiology (unidentified aetiology). Patients with an unidentified aetiology received fewer transfusions and were more likely to be White, have longer hospital stays and have higher nadir haemoglobin levels.ConclusionA significant portion of hospitalized patients with anaemia did not have an identified aetiology. A standardized diagnostic algorithm could decrease this number and help patients receive appropriate treatment.
Aerobic capacity and muscle proteome: Insights from a mouse model
Authors: Plaza‐Florido Abel , Santos‐Lozano Alejandro , López‐Ortiz Susana , Gálvez Beatriz G. , Arenas Joaquín , Martín Miguel A. , Valenzuela Pedro L. , Pinós Tomàs , Lucia Alejandro , Fiuza‐Luces Carmen 
Published: November 2024

AbstractWe explored the association between aerobic capacity (AC) and the skeletal muscle proteome of McArdle (n = 10) and wild‐type (n = 8) mice, as models of intrinsically ‘low’ and ‘normal’ AC, respectively. AC was determined as total distance achieved in treadmill running until exhaustion. The quadriceps muscle proteome was studied using liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry, with the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins database used to generate protein–protein interaction (PPI) networks and enrichment analyses. AC was significantly associated (P‐values ranging from 0.0002 to 0.049) with 73 (McArdle) and 61 (wild‐type) proteins (r‐values from −0.90 to 0.94). These proteins were connected in PPI networks that enriched biological processes involved in skeletal muscle structure/function in both groups (false discovery rate <0.05). In McArdle mice, the proteins associated with AC were involved in skeletal muscle fibre differentiation/development, lipid oxidation, mitochondrial function and calcium homeostasis, whereas in wild‐type animals AC‐associated proteins were related to cytoskeleton structure (intermediate filaments), cell cycle regulation and endocytic trafficking. Two proteins (WEE2, THYG) were associated with AC (negatively and positively, respectively) in both groups. Only 14 of the 132 proteins (∼11%) associated with AC in McArdle or wild‐type mice were also associated with those previously reported to be modified by aerobic training in these mice, providing preliminary evidence for a large divergence in the muscle proteome signature linked to aerobic training or AC, irrespective of AC (intrinsically low or normal) levels. Our findings might help to gain insight into the molecular mechanisms underlying AC at the muscle tissue level.
TRPV4 couples with NCX1 to mediate glucose‐dependent glucagon‐like peptide‐1 release and improve glucose homeostasis
Authors: Chen Xiongying , Chu Fenglan , Sunchen Sijin , Li Junhui , Zhang Mengting , Xu Feng , Dong Hui 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAlthough glucose, as a secretagogue of intestinal hormone, can stimulate glucagon‐like peptide 1 (GLP‐1) release, it has not been fully elucidated how glucose triggers GLP‐1 release from enteroendocrine cells (EECs). Here, we investigated the regulatory mechanisms of glucose‐induced Ca2+‐dependent GLP‐1 release from EECs. STC‐1 cells that possess many features of native intestinal EECs were used. The expression of TRPV4 channels and Na+/Ca2+ exchanger 1 (NCX1) in STC‐1 was analysed by immunocytochemistry. Calcium and sodium imaging, and patch clamp were applied, and GLP‐1 was detected using quantitative PCR, western blot and enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays. Glucose markedly induced Na+ and Ca2+ signalling in STC‐1 cells. The glucose‐induced Ca2+ signalling was significantly attenuated by selective blockers of the voltage‐gated Ca2+ channels (VGCC), ryanodine receptors and InsP3 receptors. Most importantly, glucose‐induced Ca2+ signalling was significantly attenuated by the selective blockers of TRPV4 and NCX1. Moreover, the physical and functional couplings of TRPV4 and NCX1 were demonstrated in STC‐1 cells, and they promoted glucose‐mediated Ca2+ signalling to upregulate expression and release of GLP‐1 via Ca2+‐sensitive PKCα. Finally, the selective TRPV4 activator improved glucose tolerance in an oral glucose tolerance test in mice, but the selective blockers of TRPV4 and NCX1 attenuated glucose‐induced intestinal GLP‐1 release. We demonstrate a coupling of TRPV4 and NCX1 in EECs to regulate glucose‐stimulated intestinal GLP‐1 release via a novel TRPV4/NCX1/Ca2+/PKCα axis. Targeting this axis may provide new therapeutic potentials for glycometabolic diseases.
imageKey points
Glucagon‐like peptide 1 (GLP‐1) secreted primarily from intestinal L cells in response to meals plays a critical role in maintaining glucose homeostasis.
Physical and functional couplings of TRPV4 and NCX1 are pivotal in glucose‐stimulated GLP‐1 release via a novel TRPV4/NCX1/Ca2+/PKCα axis.
Since this axis is involved in glucose homeostasis, our findings may provide new potential drug targets for prevention/treatment of glycometabolic diseases.
Integrated responses of the SIP syncytium generate a major motility pattern in the colon
Authors: Koh Sang Don , Lee Ji Yeon , Ryoo Seung‐Bum , Drumm Bernard T. , Kim Hyun Jin , Baker Sal A. , Sanders Kenton M. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe peristaltic reflex has been a central concept in gastrointestinal motility; however, evidence was published recently suggesting that post‐stimulus responses that follow inhibitory neural responses provide the main propulsive force in colonic motility. This new concept was based on experiments on proximal colon where enteric inhibitory neural inputs are mainly nitrergic. However, the nature of inhibitory neural inputs changes from proximal to distal colon where purinergic inhibitory regulation dominates. In spite of the transition from nitrergic to purinergic regulation, post‐stimulus responses and propulsive contractions were both blocked by antagonists of a conductance (ANO1) exclusive to interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC). How purinergic neurotransmission, transduced by PDGFRα+ cells, can influence ANO1 in ICC is unknown. We compared neural responses in proximal and distal colon. Post‐stimulus responses were blocked by inhibition of nitrergic neurotransmission in proximal colon, but P2Y1 receptor antagonists were more effective in distal colon. Ca2+ entry through voltage‐dependent channels (CaV3) enhances Ca2+ release in ICC. Thus, we reasoned that hyperpolarization caused by purinergic responses in PDGFRα+ cells, which are electrically coupled to ICC, might decrease inactivation of CaV3 channels and activate Ca2+ entry into ICC via anode‐break upon cessation of inhibitory responses. Post‐stimulus responses in distal colon were blocked by MRS2500 (P2Y1 receptor antagonist), apamin (SK channel antagonist) and NNC55‐0396 (CaV3 antagonist). These compounds also blocked propagating contractions in mid and distal colon. These data provide the first clear demonstration that integration of functions in the smooth muscle–ICC–PDGFRα+ cell (SIP) syncytium generates a major motility behaviour.
imageKey points
Propagating propulsive contractions initiated by the enteric nervous system are a major motility behaviour in the colon. A major component of contractions, necessary for propulsive contractions, occurs at cessation of enteric inhibitory neurotransmission (post‐stimulus response) and is generated by interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC), which are electrically coupled to smooth muscle cells.
The nature of enteric inhibitory neurotransmission shifts from proximal colon, where it is predominantly due to nitric oxide, to distal colon, where it is predominantly due to purine neurotransmitters.
Different cells transduce nitric oxide and purines in the colon. ICC transduce nitric oxide, but another type of interstitial cell, PDGFRα+ cells, transduces input from purinergic neurons.
However, the post‐stimulus responses in proximal and distal colon are still generated in ICC.
This paper explores how integrated behaviours of ICC, PDGFRα+ cells and smooth muscle cells accomplish propulsive motility in the colon.
Maladaptive cardiomyocyte calcium handling in adult offspring of hypoxic pregnancy: protection by antenatal maternal melatonin
Authors: Lock Mitchell C. , Patey Olga V. , Smith Kerri L. M. , Niu Youguo , Jaggs Ben , Trafford Andrew W. , Giussani Dino A. , Galli Gina L. J. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractChronic fetal hypoxia is one of the most common complications of pregnancy and can programme cardiac abnormalities in adult offspring including ventricular remodelling, diastolic dysfunction and sympathetic dominance. However, the underlying mechanisms at the level of the cardiomyocyte are unknown, preventing the identification of targets for therapeutic intervention. Therefore, we aimed to link echocardiographic data with cardiomyocyte function to reveal cellular mechanism for cardiac dysfunction in rat offspring from hypoxic pregnancy. Further, we investigated the potential of maternal treatment with melatonin as antenatal antioxidant therapy. Wistar rats were randomly allocated into normoxic (21% O2) or hypoxic (13% O2) pregnancy with or without melatonin treatment (5 µg/ml; normoxic melatonin in the maternal drinking water from gestational day 6 to 20 (term = 22 days). After delivery, male and female offspring were maintained to adulthood (16 weeks). Cardiomyocytes were isolated from the left and right ventricles, and calcium (Ca2+) handling was investigated in field‐stimulated myocytes. Systolic and diastolic function was negatively impacted in male and female offspring of hypoxic pregnancy demonstrating biventricular systolic and diastolic dysfunction and compensatory increases in cardiac output. Ca2+ transients from isolated cardiomyocytes in offspring of both sexes in hypoxic pregnancy displayed diastolic dysfunction with a reduced rate of [Ca2+]i recovery. Cardiac and cardiomyocyte dysfunction in male and female adult offspring was ameliorated by maternal antenatal treatment with melatonin in hypoxic pregnancy. Therefore, cardiomyocyte Ca2+ mishandling provides a cellular mechanism explaining functional deficits in hearts of male and female offspring in pregnancies complicated by chronic fetal hypoxia.
imageKey points
This study identified significant changes in Ca2+ handling within cardiomyocytes isolated from offspring of hypoxic pregnancy including reduced systolic Ca2+ transients, impaired diastolic recovery of [Ca2+]i and a greater increase in systolic [Ca2+]i amplitude to β‐adrenergic stimulation.
These changes in cardiomyocyte Ca2+ handling help to explain dysregulation of biventricular systolic and diastolic dysfunction determined by echocardiography.
The data show protection against maladaptive cardiomyocyte calcium handling and thereby improvement in cardiac function in adult offspring of hypoxic pregnancy treated with melatonin with doses lower than those recommended for overcoming jet lag in humans.
Melatonin treatment alone in healthy pregnancy did cause some alterations in cardiac structure. Therefore, maternal treatment with melatonin should only be given to pregnancies affected by chronic fetal hypoxia.
Forecasting High Cycle and Very High Cycle Fatigue Through Enhanced Strain-Energy Based Fatigue Life Prediction
Authors: Celli Dino , Sheridan Luke , George Tommy , Warner Justin , Smith Lucas 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This study applies a novel strain-energy based fatigue life prediction method to low cycle fatigue (LCF) data additive manufactured (AM) Inconel 718 round dog-bones, specifically focusing on cycles to failure less than 105. The objective is to forecast high cycle fatigue (HCF, 106–107) and very high cycle fatigue (VHCF &gt;107), aiming to approximate stress versus cycles to failure (SN) behavior and the inherent variability in the fatigue life of the material system. This tool is motivated by the need to characterize an expanding and diverse array of materials produced by additive manufacturing methods, process parameter modifications, and optimizations, which can significantly impact fatigue life and overall structural reliability. The fatigue life prediction method achieves this by generating a fatigue life distribution as a function of stress amplitude. Bayesian statistical inference and stochastic sampling techniques are employed iteratively for each test data point, incorporating stress, cycles to failure, and total strain-energy dissipated leading to fatigue failure. Experimental LCF fatigue data are acquired using a standard axial servohydraulic load frame equipped with an axial extensometer for strain and strain-energy data collection. HCF and VHCF data is generated utilizing an ultrasonic fatigue test frame capable of cycling at 20 kHz. The fatigue data obtained from both servohydraulic and ultrasonic fatigue testing are presented and compared. The energy-based fatigue life prediction framework, utilizing only LCF data, is deployed to forecast HCF and VHCF fatigue behavior for AM Inconel 718 fatigue. The HCF and VHCF data generated are then used to validate the forecasts generated from the novel energy-based fatigue life prediction method. Comparisons are made against Random Fatigue Limit curve estimations to assess the effectiveness and accuracy of the proposed methodology.
Effects of Prematch Travel and Training on Physical and Technical Performance in International Football Matches
Authors: Clements Ewan , Ehrmann Fabian , Clark Andrew , Jones Mark , McCall Alan , Duffield Rob 
Published: November 2024

Purpose: This study examined the relationship of prematch travel and in-camp training on ensuing physical and technical match performance of footballers (soccer) competing for a national team. Methods: Match running and technical performance data were obtained from 68 national-team footballers competing in international matches (N = 108). Match performance data were aligned with the confirmed travel durations, time-zone change, travel direction, and time between arrival and kickoff for the travel to the match. In addition, in-camp training load from the 3 days prior to national-team matches was also collated. Linear mixed models assessed relationships between travel and training measures with physical and technical match performance outcomes. Results: Travel variables explained little variance in outcomes (R2 = .02–.16). Traveling eastward was associated with an increase in total (P = .042) and very high-speed distance (P = .030) in matches and a 5% decrease in pass accuracy (P = .012). Greater time-zone difference was associated with increased match decelerations (P = .027), while arriving later for matches was associated with increased total (P = .041) tackles. Increases in training high-speed distance were associated with increases in match high-speed distance (P = .004) and number of decelerations (P < .001). An increase in training total distance was associated with a decrease in match decelerations (P = .002). Conclusions: Prematch travel appeared to have minimal effects on physical and technical performance in this national team. Training loads prior to matches may have some relationship with match running performance, and, thus, readiness to train should be a priority for athletes arriving in national-team camps.
Understanding Parental Involvement in Irish Dance
Authors: Rouquette Olivier Y. , Cahalan Róisín , Knight Camilla J. 
Published: November 2024

The overall aim of the present study was to understand how dancers’ perception and parents’ own perceptions of parents’ responsiveness and competence support were associated with dancers’ self-perceptions and thriving. In total, 64 dancers and 91 parents for a total of 52 matching dyads participated in the study. Dancers were aged 7–24 years, trained on average 4.17 times/weeks, and were involved in Irish dancing for an average of 9.71 years. Participants completed self-reported questionnaires assessing their perceived responsiveness, competence support, self-perceptions, and thriving. Main analyses consisted of mediations performed with structural equation modeling. Results demonstrate that dancers’ perceptions of their parents’ responsiveness and competence support are associated with their self-perceptions and thriving. Responsiveness and competence support of their second parent was more strongly associated with thriving than responsiveness and competence support of the main parent. Parents’ own perceptions of competence support were positively associated with dancers’ thriving.
Comparing Vibration Foam Rolling and Static Stretching for Enhancing Muscle Recovery in Professional Male Soccer Players: A Counterbalanced Crossover Study
Authors: Corredoira Francisco J. , Lorenzo-Martínez Miguel , Carrera Samuel , Costa Pablo B. , Rey Ezequiel 
Published: November 2024

Context: Professional soccer players frequently experience fatigue due to the demanding nature of the sport. In this context, effective recovery strategies are essential for maintaining performance. Static stretching (SS) is commonly used in soccer, but its efficacy is debated. Vibration foam rolling (VFR) is a novel recovery technique that has not been extensively studied in soccer. Objective: This research aimed to investigate the acute effects of VFR (3 sets of 45 s of rolling and 15 s of rest between sets) and SS (3 sets of 45 s and 15 s of rest between sets) on muscle contractile properties in professional soccer players. Design: Eighteen players participated in this counterbalanced crossover study. Settings: After a 1-week washout period between sessions, the subjects completed the 2 condition trials (VFR or SS) in counterbalanced order following a training session, which had a duration of 77 min and a total distance of 6500 m covered. Main Outcome Measures: Muscle contractile properties of the rectus femoris were assessed with tensiomyography before training (pre), immediately after training (post 1), and postrecovery intervention (post 2). Tensiomyography parameters included maximal radial muscle-belly displacement and contraction time and velocity. Data were analyzed using repeated-measures analysis of variance. Results: There were no significant differences in the training load between groups during the training sessions (P > .05). Results showed that maximal radial muscle-belly displacement (P = .004) and contractiontime (P = .007) significantly decrease from pre (before training) to post 1 (after training). No significant main effects for group were obtained for all the variables (P > .05). However, both VFR and SS interventions effectively restored maximal radialmuscle-belly displacement (P = .011) and contraction time (P = .008) from post 1 (after) to post 2 (postrecovery intervention), suggesting reduced muscular stiffness. Contraction velocity remained unchanged after both interventions (P > .05). Conclusions: Therefore, these interventions could offer valuable advantages for posttraining neuromuscular acute recovery in professional soccer players.
Interaction of the
Wolbachia
surface protein with a novel pro-viral protein from
Aedes aegypti
Authors: Hussain Mazhar , Qi Zhi , Asgari Sassan 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

Dengue virus (DENV) and other flaviviruses are prevented from replicating in mosquitoes by
Wolbachia
. To date, several reports have appeared that highlight multiple molecular and cellular pathways involved in the blocking mechanism, which underlines the complicated nature of the mechanism. Here, we developed a hypothesis on whether
Wolbachia
proteins interact with pro-viral host proteins by using a unique approach to study the antiviral mechanism based on
Wolbachia
-host protein-protein interaction. We selected
Wolbachia
surface protein (WSP) for co-immunoprecipitation because of its abundance and possible secretion. We first confirmed WSP’s secretion in mosquito cells and found two host proteins,
Ae. aegypti
serine-threonine kinase (STK) and synaptic vesicle membrane (SVM) protein VAT-1, and one
Wolbachia
protein (
w
GroEL) interacting with WSP. We examined the role of
STK
and
SVM
genes in relation to DENV replication in
Ae. aegypti
mosquitoes and mosquito cell lines with and without
Wolbachia
. In DENV-infected Aag2 cells, the expression of
SVM
and
STK
was significantly increased. However, although these genes were induced in
Wolbachia
-infected Aag2 cells, they were downregulated after DENV infection. Silencing of
STK
, but not
SVM
, reduced DENV replication in Aag2 cells and mosquitoes. Conversely, RNA activation of
STK
, by utilizing promoter induction via short activating oligos, resulted in higher DENV replication in
Wolbachia
-infected and uninfected cell lines. Overall, our findings suggest that
STK
is a pro-viral gene, and
Wolbachia
WSP binds to STK, possibly making it less accessible for DENV replication.

IMPORTANCE

Wolbachia
is an endosymbiotic bacterium that blocks the replication of arboviruses in transinfected
Aedes aegypti
mosquitoes. In this study, we focused on identifying the potential interaction of
Wolbachia
proteins with the host pro-viral proteins. For this, we embarked on identifying the interacting proteins with a major
Wolbachia
protein, WSP, which is both structural and also secreted into the host cells. An
Ae. aegypti
STK was identified, which is induced in DENV and
Wolbachia
-infected cells. Silencing or induction of the gene led to reduced and increased DENV replication
in vitro
. Consistently, knocking down the gene in mosquitoes resulted in decreased virus replication. We hypothesize that WSP may sequester STK, which is pro-viral, contributing to
Wolbachia
virus blocking.