bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A stable auxiliary differential equation perfectly matched layer condition combined with low-dispersive symplectic methods for solving second-order elastic wave equations
Authors: Ma Xiao , Li Yangjia , Song Jiaxing 
Published: March 2019

The stable implementation of the perfectly matched layer (PML), one of the most effective and popular artificial boundary conditions, has attracted much attention these years. As a type of low-dispersive and symplectic method for solving seismic wave equations, the nearly-analytic symplectic partitioned Runge-Kutta (NSPRK) method has been combined with split-field PML (SPML) and convolutional complex-frequency shifted PML (C-CFS-PML) previously to model acoustic and short-time elastic wave modelings, not yet successfully applied to long-time elastic wave propagation. In order to broaden the application of NSPRK and more general symplectic methods for second-order seismic models, we formulate an auxiliary differential equation (ADE)-CFS-PML with a stabilizing grid compression parameter. This includes deriving the ADE-CFS-PML equations and formulating an adequate time integrator to properly embed their numerical discretizations in the main symplectic numerical methods. The resulting (N)SPRK+ADE-CFS-PML algorithm can help break through the constraint of at most second-order temporal accuracy that used to be imposed on SPML and C-CFS-PML. Especially for NSPRK, we implement the strategy of neglecting the treatment of third-order spatial derivatives in the PML domain and obtain an efficient absorption effect. Related acoustic and elastic wave simulations illustrate the enhanced numerical accuracy of our ADE-CFS-PML compared with SPML and C-CFS-PML. The elastic wave simulation in a homogeneous isotropic medium shows that compared to NSPRK+C-CFS-PML, the NSPRK+ADE-CFS-PML is numerically stable throughout a simulation time of 2 s. The synthetic seismograms of the 2D acoustic SEG salt model and the two-layer elastic model demonstrate the effectiveness of NSPRK+ADE-CFS-PML for complex elastic models. The stabilization effect of the grid compression parameter is verified in the final homogeneous isotropic elastic model with free-surface boundary.
Poisson’s integral formula via heat kernels
Authors: Miyazaki Yoichi 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
We give another proof of Poisson’s integral formula for harmonic functions
in a ball or a half space by using heat kernels with Green’s formula.
We wish to emphasize that this method works well even for a half space,
which is an unbounded domain;
the functions involved are integrable, since the heat kernel decays rapidly.
This method needs no trick such as the subordination identity,
which is indispensable when applying the Fourier transform method for a half space.
Language learning as psycho-social support: translanguaging space as safe space in superdiverse refugee settings
Authors: Capstick Tony 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThis paper explores language learning for displaced people in the countries bordering Syria and attempts to establish a link between the concept of translanguaging and the concept of safe spaces used by NGOs. The paper uses the term ‘displaced people’ as it is this feature of beingdis-placed that the paper seeks to explore through the lens of superdiversity and its connections to spaces for translanguaging. The concept of superdiversity helps us understand the stratification and multiplication of the processes and effects of migration which lead to heightened complexity, while the concept of translanguaging has been incorporated into this heuristic to help understand how people communicate in these superdiverse settings. The main finding is that monolingual ideologies of language learning pervade the safe spaces which one NGO provides, though the aim is not to single out this one NGO for criticism when the majority of NGOs visited orient to similar monolingual outlooks which disregard home languages at a time when vulnerable adults, adolescents and children need to draw on all of the language resources in their repertoires to make sense of their new surroundings.
CFD Investigation of Al2O3 Nanoparticles Effect on Heat Transfer Enhancement of Newtonian and Non-Newtonian Fluids in a Helical Coil
Authors: Aminian Dehkordi Javad , Jafari Arezou 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
The present study applied computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to investigate the heat transfer of Newtonian (water) and non-Newtonian (0.3 %wt. aqueous solution of carboxymethylcellulose (CMC)) fluids in the presence of Al2O3 nanoparticles. To analyze the heat transfer rate, investigations were performed in a vertical helical coil as essential heat transfer equipment, at different inlet Reynolds numbers. To verify the accuracy of the simulation model, experimental data reported in the literature were employed. Comparisons showed the validity of simulation results. From the results, compared to the aqueous solution of CMC, water had a higher Nusselt number. In addition, it was observed that adding nanoparticles to a base fluid presented different results in which water/Al2O3 nanofluid with nanoparticles’ volume fraction of 5 % was more effective than the same base fluid with a volume fraction of 10 %. In lower ranges of Reynolds number, adding nanoparticles was more effective. For CMC solution (10 %), increasing concentration of nanoparticles caused an increase in the apparent viscosity. Consequently, the Nusselt number was reduced. The findings reveal the important role of fluid type and nanoparticle concentration in the design and development of heat transfer equipment.
Preparation and Characterization of Soy Protein Isolate Films Incorporating Modified Nano-TiO2
Authors: Liu Yuanyuan , Xu Lina , Li Rui , Zhang Huangjiang , Cao Wenhui , Li Tong , Zhang Yinglong 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Antimicrobial films were prepared by incorporating nano-titanium dioxide (TiO2) modified by silane into soy protein isolate (SPI) films. The effects of different concentrations of modified nano-TiO2 (TiO2-NM) on the physical properties, antimicrobial properties, and microstructure of the SPI-based films were investigated. Attenuated total reflectance Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy indicated that the interaction between the SPI and TiO2-NM was via hydrogen bonds. Scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy both showed that the microstructure of SPI-based films with TiO2-NM was compact. Moreover, as the content of TiO2-NM increased from 0 to 1.5 g/100 mL, the water vapor permeability and oxygen permeability were decreased from 5.43 to 4.62 g· mm/m2d· kPa and 0.470 to 0.110 g· cm−2· d−1, respectively. An increase from 6.67 MPa to 14.56 MPa in tensile strength and a decrease from 36.53% to 27.62% in elongation at break indicate the optimal mechanical properties of all groups. TiO2-NM films had excellent UV barrier properties, with a whiter surface with increasing TiO2-NM content. In addition, the SPI-based films with TiO2-NM showed antimicrobial activity, as evidenced by an inhibitory zone increasing from 0 to 27.34 mm. Therefore, TiO2-NM can be used as an antimicrobial agent in packaging films.
Stability and Bifurcation Analysis in a Discrete-Time SIR Epidemic Model with Fractional-Order
Authors: El-Shahed Moustafa , Abdelstar Ibrahim M. E. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractIn this paper, the dynamical behavior of a discrete SIR epidemic model with fractional-order with non-monotonic incidence rate is discussed. The sufficient conditions of the locally asymptotic stability and bifurcation analysis of the equilibrium points are also discussed. The numerical simulations come to illustrate the dynamical behaviors of the model such as flip bifurcation, Hopf bifurcation and chaos phenomenon. The results of numerical simulation verify our theoretical results.
Chaotic Contact Dynamics of Two Microbeams under Various Kinematic Hypotheses
Authors: Krysko V.A. , Awrejcewicz J. , Papkova I.V. , Saltykova O.A. , Krysko A.V. 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Different kinematic mathematical models of nonlinear dynamics of a contact interaction of two microbeams are derived and studied. Dynamics of one of the microbeams is governed by kinematic hypotheses of the first, second, and third approximation orders. The second beam is excited through a contact interaction with the first beam and is described by the kinematic hypothesis of the second-order approximation in both geometric linear and nonlinear frameworks. The derived nonlinear partial differential equations (PDEs) are transformed to the counterpart system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations (ODEs) by the finite difference method. Nonlinear contact interaction dynamics of the microbeam structure is analyzed with the help of time series (signals), Fourier spectra, and wavelet spectra based on various mother wavelets, Morlet wavelet spectra employed to study synchronization phenomena, Poincaré maps, phase portraits, and the Lyapunov exponents estimated with the Wolf, Kantz, and Rosenstein algorithms. We have illustrated that neglecting the shear function (Euler–Bernoulli model) yields erroneous numerical results. We have shown that the geometric nonlinearity cannot be neglected in the analysis even for small two-layer microbeam deflection. In addition, we have detected that the contact between two microbeams takes place in the vicinity of

x
≈
0.2

x \approx 0.2

and

x
≈
0.8

x \approx 0.8

instead of the beams central points.
Deutschdidaktik und -methodik in China – Entwicklungen und Erfahrungen
Authors: ZHAO Zhiyong 
Published: March 2019

Zusammenfassung
Institutionalisiertes Deutschlehren in China hat eine Geschichte von etwa 150 Jahren, die sich anhand von Literaturrecherche in diesem Beitrag in vier Epochen einteilen lässt. Epochengemäß prägt sich die klassische Fremdsprachendidaktik und -methodik auch im Deutschunterricht in China aus, zu deren Entwicklung wiederum chinesische Elemente unter bestimmten gesellschaftlichen Umständen große Beiträge leisteten. Dadurch gewinnt die Deutschdidaktik und -methodik in China an typischen chinesischen Merkmalen und Besonderheiten. Mithilfe einer qualitativen Inhaltsanalyse der Texte in der Rubrik „So Sagen die Gelehrten“ der Zeitschrift Wir Lernen Deutsch werden Erfahrungen des Deutschlehrens in China dargestellt, auf deren Basis eine Deutschdidaktik und -methodik mit chinesischer Prägung ausgearbeitet werden könnte.
Die Sprachspezialisten der philologisch ausgerichteten Germanistik in China – vom Sprachtalent zum Multitalent?
Authors: CUI Taotao 
Published: March 2019

Zusammenfassung
Die Germanistik in China ist philologisch ausgelegt und konzentriert sich auf die Ausbildung von Sprachspezialisten. Doch mit tiefgreifenden Wirtschaftsreformen sowie der Intensivierung von Chinas Kooperation mit deutschsprachigen Ländern konnte sie mit der philologischen Fokussierung die neuen Anforderungen am Arbeitsmarkt immer schwerer erfüllen und steckt allmählich in einer Krise. Ausgehend von dem Ausbildungsprofil der Germanistikstudierenden geht die vorliegende Arbeit der Krise nach und diskutiert über Möglichkeiten der Modernisierung der chinesischen Germanistik.
Die Hochschullehrerfortbildung für junge chinesische Deutschlehrkräfte: Rückblick und Evaluation
Authors: HUANG Keqin 
Published: March 2019

Zusammenfassung
In diesem Beitrag wird über die Durchführung der Deutschlehrerfortbildung im Fachbereich Germanistik in China berichtet. Die Fortbildung erfolgte in zwei Phasen: 2006–2009 und 2010–2017. In der ersten Phase lag der Schwerpunkt auf der Vermittlung der Didaktik und Methodik des Faches Deutsch als Fremdsprache. In einer anschließenden Untersuchung von 40 chinesischen Germanistikfachbereichen, die zwischen 2000 und 2009 neu gegründet wurden, wurde die aktuelle Lage der jungen chinesischen Deutschlehrenden dargestellt und analysiert. Die Ergebnisse dieser Untersuchung sind gleichzeitig ein Argument für die zweite Phase der Fortbildung, nämlich die Fortbildungslehrgänge, die inhaltlich auf spezielle Lehrveranstaltungen im Fachbereich Germanistik abzielen. Nach dem Bericht über die zweite Phase der Fortbildung habe ich auf der Grundlage von Ergebnissen eines Video-Interviews und einer E-Mail-Umfrage im Jahr 2016 die Wirkung der veranstalteten Fortbildungslehrgänge evaluiert. Durch den Vergleich der Ergebnisse der zwei Untersuchungen, die jeweils im Jahre 2017 und 2009 mit derselben Zielgruppe durchgeführt wurden, wird die Nachhaltigkeit der Lehrerfortbildung verdeutlicht.
Gott aus der Natur erkennen – Calvin im interreligiösen Quervergleich mit al-Ghazālī
Authors: Wüstenberg Ralf K. 
Published: March 2019

ZusammenfassungAusgehend von Calvin fällt der Querblick auf den sufisch bestimmten Islam, exemplarisch auf den persischen Islam-Gelehrten Abū-Ḥāmid al-Ghazālī (gest. 1111). Es wird die These vertreten, dass, ausgehend von Einsichten reformatorischer Theologie, auch im Islam die für Calvin typischen Annahmen, Unterscheidungen und Erkenntnisse im Hinblick auf eine ‚natürliche Theologie‘ anzutreffen sind. Annahmen, wie die der Unentschuldbarkeit der Menschen angesichts göttlicher Zeichen; Unterscheidungen, wie die zwischen Gotteserkenntnis und Selbsterkenntnis sowie der zwischen einer natürlichen Gotteserkenntnis, die visuelle und kognitive Elemente umfasst und einer Erkenntnis Gottes, die gewiss macht; Erkenntnisse, wie die, dass Zeichen (arab. āyāt) auch nach islamisch-theologischer Auffassung zwar einerseits das Potential haben, zum heilsnotwendigen Wissen hinzuführen, andererseits das Heil nicht unmittelbar über eine vernunftgemäße Auslegung der Zeichen hergestellt werden kann.
Wie viel Religionsphilosophie braucht es für eine Philosophie der Person?
Authors: von Kalckreuth Moritz 
Published: March 2019

Zusammenfassung
Der vorliegende Beitrag erörtert das Verhältnis einer Philo-sophie der Person zur Religionsphilosophie bzw. einer Philosophie religiöser Phänomene. Dabei soll die These vertreten werden, dass der personale Lebenszusammenhang bestimmte Phänomene aufweist, die nur in einem religiösen Kontext adäquat verstanden werden können. Die Interpretation dieser Phänomene kann einen Zugang zu bestimmten Aspekten von Personalität ermöglichen, die von den meisten Persontheorien der Gegenwart kaum beachtet werden.
Clinical value of serum homocysteine, folate, and ultrasonography detection of yolk sac in predicting the outcome of threatened abortion
Authors: Wu Wenhai , Ji Qinglin , Guo Baoli , Yu Jinfen , Wang Jiewei , Wang Yezhu , Xu Juan 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBackground: To investigate the clinical value of serum homocysteine (Hcy), folate, and ultrasonography detection of yolk sac in predicting the outcome of threatened abortion.Methods: Ninety-eight pregnant women within 12 weeks of gestation were included in the study. Of these subjects, 29 presented with threatened abortion and were considered the case group (n=29). The other 69 subjects showed as a normal pregnancy were the control group (n=69). The case group was followed up with at 28 weeks of gestation, and further divided into inevitable abortion group (IA, n=9) and successful fetus protection group (SFP, n=20). The yolk sacs of the included cases were measured by ultrasonography. The serum Hcy and folate levels of the included cases were measured by an enzyme cycling assay and chemiluminescent immunoassay, respectively. The yolk sac visualization rate and serum Hcy and folate levels were compared between the two case groups and used as a predicting reference for the outcome of threatened abortion. Results: The yolk sac visualization rates detected by ultrasonography were 97.1% (67/69) for the control group and 69.0% (20/29) for the threatened abortion group, with a statistical difference (p<0.05). For the IA and SFP groups, the visualization rates were 22.2% (2/9) and 90.0% (18/20) respectively, with a statistical difference (p<0.05). The serum Hcy levels in the threatened abortion group were significant elevated compared with control group (6.1±2.0 μmol/L vs 4.5±1.3 μmol/L), with a statistical difference (p<0.05). However, the serum levels of folat in the threatened abortion group were significantly decreased compared with the control group (15.5±4.2 nmol/L vs 19.1±4.7 nmol/L), with a statistical difference (p<0.05). The serum levels of Hcy and folate were 7.5±1.7 μmol/L and 12.7±4.2 nmol/L for the IA group, which were statistically different compared to the SFP group (p<0.05). The predictive sensitivity for the outcome of threatened abortion based on serum Hcy and folate levels were 85.0% and 75.0%, with a predictive specificity of 66.7% and 88.9% respectively. Conclusion: Serum Hcy and folate levels were quite different in threatened abortion pregnant woman compared to the control group. Serum Hcy and folate level detection combined with ultrasonography detection of yolk sac can provide useful information for threatened abortions
Ist im Länderfinanzausgleich die isolierte Berechnung von Grenzentzugsraten für einzelne Steuern sinnvoll?
Authors: Broer Michael 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
In 2020 the new fiscal equalization system will come in force. One problem of the new system seems to be, that local tax revenues (e. g. local trade tax) are subject to much higher redistribution than under the status quo; the maximum of redistribution is higher than 100 %. But these results do ignore, that taxes could be seen as co-products. If e. g. the base of the local trade tax increases, the base of the corporation tax will raise, too. So it is not possible, to change only the revenue of one tax like the former analysis imply. Having this in mind, a simulation analysis shows, that the redistribution will always be lower than 100 %.
On the Higher-Order Phase Shift Contributions in Opposite Polarities Dust Plasmas
Authors: EL-Shamy E. F. , El-Shewy Emad K. , Abdo Noura F. 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
The collision of dressed dust acoustic solitons (DDASs) and the analytical higher-order phase shift are studied in a dusty plasma system that contains cold negative and positive dusty fluids and Maxwellian distributed for ions as well as electrons. The extended Poincaré–Lighthill–Kuo method is applied in order to obtain the nonlinear Korteweg–de Vries and phase shift equations, which admit the variation in soliton profiles and trajectories, respectively. Influences of the higher-order correction and the plasma fluid parameters such as charged dust grains concentration, negative-to-positive dust grain mass ratio, ion-to-negative dust grain number density ratio, and ion-to-electron temperature ratio on the characteristics of DDASs and their phase shifts are discussed. The comparisons between first- and higher-order contributions in rarefactive and compressive profiles are also taken into account. Furthermore, the present consideration may be utilised to mesosphere and magnetosphere.
Durability-Related Properties of Concrete Made with Chloride-Contaminated Materials
Authors: Carsana Maddalena , Gastaldi Matteo , Lollini Federica , Redaelli Elena 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Because sustainability issues have a primary importance in the construction field, the use of alternative raw materials in concrete production has been widely studied in recent years, especially considering the fact that freshwater is becoming as precious a resource as virgin stones, which are used as aggregates for both concrete and cement production. However, for the durability of reinforced concrete structures, a negligible chloride content in the raw materials should be guaranteed in order to avoid a premature corrosion initiation on reinforcement. Within the Infravation project SEACON, the possible use of recycled aggregate from salt-contaminated concrete structures, seawater- and chloride-contaminated cement have been studied in combination with corrosion-resistant reinforcement for durable concrete structures. Specifically, the experimental study presented in this article is aimed at investigating the effects of chlorides in the raw materials on the durability-related properties of concrete. To this purpose, different concrete mixtures with chloride-contaminated materials were tested in terms of microstructural analysis, mechanical performance, and transport properties (such as compressive strength, capillary water absorption, chlorides, and carbonation penetration). The characterization of concretes showed that the use of chloride-contaminated materials did not negatively influence the early age microstructural features of the hardened cement paste, except for the presence of chlorides in the cement paste. Overall, chloride contamination did not affect the penetration of the carbonation and the capillary absorption, whereas an influence was observed in the resistance to chloride penetration.
Analyses of Retrogressive Slope Failures in Terrace Deposits
Authors: Hsu Sung-Chi , Liu Ming-Hung , Quah Tai-Seong 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Slope failures in terrace deposits were explored and studied in this research. In situ exploration and sampling were carried out in Shin-Shan Village of Nantou County after a typhoon. Large direct shear tests in the laboratory were performed to measure the shear strength of the material. The soil-water characteristic curve of the soil was derived from pressure plate tests. The cross-sectional profiles of the failed slope before and after the typhoon in this area were obtained using a digital elevation model and 3-D terrestrial scanner, respectively. The numerical software SEEP/W and SLOPE/W were used to analyze the slope stability under similar rainfall to the typhoon. Different groundwater levels and river water levels were considered to compare the factor of safety values and reveal the failure processes of the slope. The possible failure of the slope may be due to scouring of the slope toe by fluvial erosion caused by rising water river levels, mud flows, or both, based on the investigated profiles and numerical simulations. The estimated length of scouring was about 20 m long. Based on the numerical modeling, the possible mechanism of failure for this length of scouring could be due to multiple retrogressive failures after toe scouring.
A Diallel of the Mouse Collaborative Cross Founders Reveals Strong Strain-Specific Maternal Effects on Litter Size
Authors: Shorter John R , Maurizio Paul L , Bell Timothy A , Shaw Ginger D , Miller Darla R , Gooch Terry J , Spence Jason S , McMillan Leonard , Valdar William , Pardo-Manuel de Villena Fernando 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Reproductive success in the eight founder strains of the Collaborative Cross (CC) was measured using a diallel-mating scheme. Over a 48-month period we generated 4,448 litters, and provided 24,782 weaned pups for use in 16 different published experiments. We identified factors that affect the average litter size in a cross by estimating the overall contribution of parent-of-origin, heterosis, inbred, and epistatic effects using a Bayesian zero-truncated overdispersed Poisson mixed model. The phenotypic variance of litter size has a substantial contribution (82%) from unexplained and environmental sources, but no detectable effect of seasonality. Most of the explained variance was due to additive effects (9.2%) and parental sex (maternal vs. paternal strain; 5.8%), with epistasis accounting for 3.4%. Within the parental effects, the effect of the dam’s strain explained more than the sire’s strain (13.2% vs. 1.8%), and the dam’s strain effects account for 74.2% of total variation explained. Dams from strains C57BL/6J and NOD/ShiLtJ increased the expected litter size by a mean of 1.66 and 1.79 pups, whereas dams from strains WSB/EiJ, PWK/PhJ, and CAST/EiJ reduced expected litter size by a mean of 1.51, 0.81, and 0.90 pups. Finally, there was no strong evidence for strain-specific effects on sex ratio distortion. Overall, these results demonstrate that strains vary substantially in their reproductive ability depending on their genetic background, and that litter size is largely determined by dam’s strain rather than sire’s strain effects, as expected. This analysis adds to our understanding of factors that influence litter size in mammals, and also helps to explain breeding successes and failures in the extinct lines and surviving CC strains.