bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Why we shouldn't let sleeping dogmas lie: a partial reply to Craig
Authors: MOOI RANDALL D. , GILL ANTHONY C. 
Published: February 2019

Now, when I have spoken on these matters in the past, it has sounded to some as if I had taken upon myself the task of denigrating paleontology and individual paleontologists. That is not so. I am concerned with what I find is a real problem.—Nelson, 1969 in Williams and Ebach, 2004: 711
The Therapeutic Effect of the Combination of Intratumor Injection of Bleomycin and Electroresection/Electrocautery on the Hemangiomas in Hypopharynx and Larynx Through Suspension Laryngoscopy
Authors: Xu Shengqun , Yu Yongqiang , ElHakim Hamdy , Cui Xiangguo , Yang Huaian 
Published: February 2019

Objectives: The treatment of hemangiomas in the hypopharynx and larynx can be challenging and stressful because of the high tumor recurrence rate. The objective of this study was to investigate the therapeutic effect of the combination of intratumor injection of bleomycin and electroresection/electrocautery on the hemangiomas in the hypopharynx and larynx through suspension laryngoscopy. Methods: With patients under general anesthesia, the hemangiomas were fully exposed through suspension laryngoscopy. After intratumor injection of bleomycin, in some patients, the hemangiomas were completely resected along the bottom of the tumor pedicle by polypus-forceps electroscalpel; for other patients, the hemangiomas were pinched and held, and then the whole-tumor tissues were cauterized and coagulated by the electroscalpel. Prior to commencing the study, all participants signed informed consents, and all procedures were approved by the hospital ethical committee. Results: There was almost no bleeding during the operations, no postoperative dyspnea, and no hemorrhage. The patients were followed up for 3 years; the 3-year cure rate was 97%. Conclusion: The hemangioma in the hypopharynx and larynx can be cured by a single-session treatment, using the combination of intratumor injection of bleomycin and electroresection/electrocautery through suspension laryngoscopy. Our method is reliable, affordable, and effective, and it could be widely applied in other hospitals.
Hearing Loss in Pediatric Septo-Optic Dysplasia
Authors: Herrmann Brian William , Hathaway Campbell R. , Fadell Michael 
Published: February 2019

Objective: To identify and characterize hearing loss (HL) in children with septo-optic dysplasia (SOD). Methods: Otologic and audiometric data for patients less than 18 years of age identified as having SOD who were seen in the Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta-Scottish Rite Hospital clinic between 2013 and 2017 were collected and reviewed through a HIPAA-compliant medical record search. Relevant literature was also reviewed with the assistance of Medline. Results: Sixty-four patients with SOD were identified, and 7 of those patients (10.9%) were diagnosed with hearing loss. Type of hearing loss was sensorineural (SNHL) in 5 patients (63%), mixed (MHL) in 1(14%), and conductive (CHL) in 1(14%). Bilateral loss presented in 60% (3/5) of SNHL patients, while the rest demonstrated unilateral loss. Unilateral findings included cochlear nerve deficiency (1) and atresia/microtia (1). Tympanostomy tubes were required in 57% (4/7) of SOD children with hearing loss. Amplification was successfully implemented in 86% (6/7). Conclusions: Hearing loss was found in nearly 11% of SOD children, and SNHL was identified as (63%) the predominant form of loss. To our knowledge, this is the first retrospective review of hearing loss in a pediatric SOD cohort and the first to report of cochlear nerve deficiency and atresia/microtia in this population. Based on these findings, early identification of hearing loss with imaging when appropriate and treatment of otitis in this population is recommended.
Ergonomic Benefits of an Angle Grinder With Rotatable Main Handle in a Cutting Task
Authors: Reinvee Märt , Aia Sander , Pääsuke Mati 
Published: February 2019

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the ergonomic benefits of an angle grinder with a rotatable main handle in a cutting task. Background: Angle grinder manufacturers rarely address ergonomic features in their advertisements, and if they do, the benefits are expressed in a qualitative manner. Meanwhile, quantitative information about the effects of the device on the worker is required to make informed decisions during tool selection and cumulative trauma prevention. Method: Eleven maintenance workers and metalworkers used an angle grinder to cut a horizontal steel rod using three wrist postures. Only one of the postures was exclusively available in the case of a rotatable main handle. The postural effect was evaluated objectively with electromyography and a force-sensing-resistor-based force glove. Subjective ratings about discomfort and control were obtained with a visual analog scale. Results: The subjective ratings favor the near-neutral wrist posture. The forearm muscles’ electromyographic activities were similar across the postures. Forces on the hand–handle interface were concentrated on the intermediate phalanges. If the device is operated without gloves, the forces on the intermediate phalanges may exceed the discomfort pressure threshold regardless of wrist posture. Conclusion: In the cutting task, the subjective measures favor the posture with a near-neutral wrist, which is a feature of the rotatable main handle. The objective measures did not allow one to prefer one posture to another. Application: The findings give insight into the impact of wrist posture on muscle activity, forces on the hand–handle interface, and discomfort. This is useful information for the person responsible for tool selection.
Response of One Man of Science to Humanae Vitae
Authors: Clements Joan C. , Walsh Mary D. , Corby Paschal M. 
Published: February 2019

The understanding of the full truth and beauty of the marital relationship has developed from a remedy for concupiscence (cf. 1 Cor 7:9) to “a sacrament of mutual sanctification and an act of worship” (St. John Paul II). With this development came a realization of the need to respond to the dilemma of couples who legitimately and responsibly wanted to avoid pregnancy but in fidelity to the Church’s consistent teaching against contraception. In the middle of the last century, Dr. John Billings undertook to assist in the quest to find a reliable means of preventing pregnancy, which was in accord with natural moral law. He was aided in this quest by his wife Dr. Evelyn Billings and the many couples who contributed to the research. Their discovery formed the basis of all modern methods of natural family planning. “[T]he difference, both anthropological and moral, between contraception and recourse to the rhythm of the cycle…is a difference which is much wider and deeper than is usually thought.…The choice of the natural rhythms involves accepting the cycle…and thereby accepting dialogue, reciprocal respect, shared responsibility and self-control.…In this context the couple comes to experience how conjugal communion is enriched with those values of tenderness and affection which constitute the inner soul of human sexuality, in its physical dimension also”. Nontechnical Summary: Pope Saint Paul VI's magnificent but much misunderstood encyclical “Humanae Vitae” called on men of science “to labour to explain more thoroughly the various conditions favouring a proper regulation of births.” To doctors he asked that they “persevere in promoting on every occasion the discovery of solutions inspired by faith and right reason”. Dr John Billings and his wife, Dr Evelyn Billings, devoted their lives to answering these calls which the Holy Father also made to them in person some years after he gave his encyclical to the Church.
Does Meaningful Work Explains the Relationship Between Transformational Leadership and Innovative Work Behaviour?
Authors: Pradhan Sajeet , Jena Lalatendu Kesari 
Published: February 2019

Executive Summary Transformational leaders motivate their followers to relook their job by elevating the status of the job from being boring, repetitive and menial into something more meaningful and significant. This ascendance of employee’s job as something important and its contribution to overall organizational vision is what prompts them to engage in innovative work behaviour. Therefore, it would be interesting to test the indirect effect of transformational leadership on followers’ innovative work behaviour as mediated through followers’ perception of meaningful work. The current study is set to serve two purposes. First, to clear the confusion regarding the findings related to transformational leadership’s influence on employee’s innovative work behaviour. Second, to investigate the mediating role of meaningful work in explaining the relationship between transformational leadership and innovative work behaviour. Data was collected from two samples, Sample I (349 executives) and Sample II (539 executives), working in two different manufacturing organizations in Eastern India. The results of both the samples confirm that transformational leadership significantly influences employee’s innovative work behaviour. Also, the study (both Samples I and II) finds meaningful work to partially mediate the relationship between transformational leadership and employees’ innovation. In order to lend further credibility to our mediation finding, we carried out Sobel test and bootstrapping technique to strengthen our assertion. This study replicates previous empirical investigations by exploring the relationship between transformational leadership and employee’s innovative behaviour at work in Indian manufacturing context. The study also strives to enrich the extant literature by testing the mediating role of meaningful work in explaining the relationship between transformational leadership and employee innovation.
The dilemma of metastatic medullary thyroid carcinoma: when to start systemic treatment
Authors: Siano Marco , Alfieri Salvatore , Granata Roberta , Calareso Giuseppina , Orlandi Ester , Bergamini Cristiana , Locati Laura Deborah 
Published: February 2019

Purpose: Two tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), vandetanib and cabozantinib, have been approved for recurrent/metastatic (R/M) medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC). To date, it is still debated when and which TKI has to be started in R/M MTC patients. This is due to 1) TKI-related toxicity burden, 2) no overall survival benefit for either TKI, and 3) progression-free survival improvement in MTC subgroups ( RETM918T and RAS mutations) treated with cabozantinib. Herein, we present a case of R/M MTC with a discordant disease behavior because of spontaneous regression of some parenchymal sites along with progression of bone metastases, putting into the question the best timing for starting TKIs in R/M MTC. Methods: We report a 46-year-old man with relapse (lymph nodes in the neck and mediastinum) after curative treatment (total thyroidectomy plus central compartment and right neck dissection) for a locally advanced MTC with only somatic RETM918T mutation. Considering the low tumor burden, absence of symptoms, as well as the potential TKI-related side effects, we decided not to start systemic therapy when metastases first appeared. Results: Some lymph nodes spontaneously regressed, while new symptomatic bone lesions appeared with need for palliative radiotherapy. In total, first-line systemic therapy (cabozantinib) was started after 2 years since first distant metastases appearance. Conclusions: Radiologic progression of disease alone seems not to be adequate for MTC patients’ selection to be treated. The progression rate, the tumor burden, and the site of disease should also be taken into account for the clinical decision process.
Financialization and Neoliberalism and the Fall in the Labor Share: A Panel Data Econometric Analysis for the European Union Countries
Authors: Barradas Ricardo 
Published: February 2019

This paper conducts an empirical analysis of the relationship between financialization and neoliberalism and the labor share using panel data composed of twenty-seven European Union countries over nineteen years (from 1995 to 2013). Adopting a Kaleckian perspective, framed in the post-Keynesian literature, financialization and neoliberalism exert a negative influence on the labor share through three different channels: the change in the sectorial composition of economies (the increasing importance of financial activity and the decreasing importance of general government activity), the proliferation of shareholder value orientation, and the deterioration of general workers’ bargaining power. We estimate a labor share equation with the traditional variables (lagged labor share, technological progress, globalization, education, and output growth) and four further measures of financialization and neoliberalism (financial activity, general government activity, shareholder value orientation, and the trade union density rate). The findings show a disruptive relationship between financialization and neoliberalism and the labor share in European Union countries, mainly through the channels of general government activity and shareholder value orientation. It is also found that financialization and neoliberalism have contributed to a fall in the labor share in European Union countries. The technological progress was the main driver of the fall in the labor share in European Union countries, while the output growth was the main supporter. This suggests that the trend of decline in the labor share could intensify in the future taking into account the fears of potential secular stagnation in the current era of financialization and neoliberalism. JEL Classification: C23, D33, E25, E44
A Proof-of-Principle, Case-Control Study to Compensate for Potential Carbohydrates in Liquid Antiseizure Drugs in Children on the Ketogenic Diet
Authors: Haney Courtney A. , Charpentier Anita , Turner Zahava , Bessone Stacey K. , Doerrer Sarah C. , Kossoff Eric H. 
Published: February 2019

Introduction: Since its creation, patients on ketogenic diet are told to avoid liquid medications due to theoretical concerns of “hidden” carbohydrates. However, switching from liquid to tablet formulations can be problematic, especially for infants and young children. We theorized that increasing the daily ketogenic ratio might compensate for liquid antiseizure drug carbohydrates. Methods: Two tables were created (for 3:1 and 4:1 ketogenic ratios), with variables including daily volume of antiseizure drugs and calories. Cases were those who had their ratio increased and liquid medications continued. Children already on tablet formulations, emergency situations, were primarily those included as controls. Results: From May 2016 through August 2018, 59 children (33 cases and 26 controls) ages 0.3-14 years were started on the classic ketogenic diet. Compensated antiseizure drugs most commonly included levetiracetam, clobazam, and valproate (mean volume 16 mL/d (range: 3-62 mL/d)). Adjusted ratios for younger children and infants on a 3:1 diet ranged from 3.1 to 3.5:1 and older children on a 4:1 diet from 4.2 to 4.7:1. There was no difference between cases and controls in achieving large ketosis (76% vs 77%), weight gain (1.4 vs 1.2 kg), 1 month >50% seizure reduction (52% vs 50%), or >90% seizure reduction (30% vs 35%). Four (12%) cases had zero or small urinary ketosis, which improved when antiseizure drugs were switched to tablets or discontinued. Conclusions: This proof-of-principle study demonstrates feasibility of compensating for carbohydrates in liquid medications by increases in the daily ketogenic ratio. This ratio adjustment protocol may help ease an already complex adjustment to dietary therapy.
The Effectiveness of Neurofeedback in an Outpatient Setting: A Multilevel Modeling Approach
Authors: Ward Kaitlin P. , Porter Nathan A. , Wood David S. 
Published: February 2019

Purpose: Neurofeedback is an increasingly common therapeutic intervention for mental disorders. Most of the existent neurofeedback via electroencephalography (EEG-nf) research uses controlled studies to examine whether EEG-nf is an efficacious treatment for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Less is known regarding the effectiveness of EEG-nf in clinical settings for symptoms other than ADHD. The purpose of this study was to examine whether EEG-nf sessions were associated with a reduction in hyperactivity, emotional dysregulation, anxiety, and depression symptoms. Method: Multilevel growth curve models were used to analyze secondary data from 83 EEG-nf patients from an outpatient clinic. Results: EEG-nf sessions were associated with a decrease in mental disorder symptoms generally, but this trend slowed over time. Discussion: Findings suggest that practitioners should adhere to a relatively brief (approximately 30 sessions) EEG-nf protocol. Findings also encourage more research dedicated to examining the effectiveness of EEG-nf on a variety of mental health symptoms treated in community settings.
Evaluation of the impact of thyroiditis development in patients receiving immunotherapy with programmed cell death-1 inhibitors
Authors: Lei Matthew , Michael Angela , Patel Seema , Wang Ding 
Published: February 2019

Purpose We evaluated if the development of thyroiditis in patients who received treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors across various tumor types was associated with tumor response. Methods In this retrospective, single-center, cross-sectional study, patients with various tumor types who received treatment with nivolumab or pembrolizumab as standard of care were evaluated. The primary endpoint was to evaluate the objective response rate in patients who developed thyroiditis compared with patients who did not develop thyroiditis. Secondary endpoints included disease control rate, progression-free survival, and overall survival. Results One hundred and three patients were included for analysis with a median follow-up duration of 12.8 months (range, 4.0–21.6). The data cutoff was 31 December 2016. The objective response rate was 38.2% among the 34 patients in the thyroiditis group and 17.4% in the 69 patients in the non-thyroiditis group (p = 0.028). Progression-free survival was longer in the thyroiditis group than in the non-thyroiditis group. The median progression-free survival was 10.1 months (95% CI, 1.6–18.5) in the thyroiditis group and 3.7 months (95% CI, 2.5–4.9) in the non-thyroiditis group (hazard ratio, 0.45; 95% CI, 0.27–0.76; p = 0.002). Conclusion Patients with various tumor types who received treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors and developed thyroiditis had a higher objective response rate than those who did not develop thyroiditis. The development of thyroiditis should be investigated further in the context of prospective randomized trials as a surrogate marker for tumor response to treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitor therapies.
Rate of strokes 1 year after retinal artery occlusion with analysis of risk groups
Authors: Leisser Christoph , Findl Oliver 
Published: February 2019

Background: The risk of developing stroke after retinal artery occlusion was reported to be increased. The aim of our study was to assess the rate of strokes/transitory ischemic attacks after retinal artery occlusion in a European population and to identify the risk groups. Methods: All patients, diagnosed with branch or central retinal artery occlusion at our outpatient department since 2014, were asked to participate in this prospective case–control study. At the initial examination, the medical history was documented and 1 year after retinal artery occlusion, patients were called by telephone interview for assessment of the rate of strokes/transitory ischemic attack in the follow-up period. Results: In all, 30 eyes of 30 patients could be included. Among these, six patients had a stroke, one a transitory ischemic attack, and one an amaurosis fugax in the medical history before retinal artery occlusion. In the period 1 year after retinal artery occlusion, one patient had a re-stroke and one patient had a transitory ischemic attack, with amaurosis fugax in the medical history. Rates of strokes/transitory ischemic attack before and after retinal artery occlusion did not show significant differences between branch and central artery occlusion. Conclusion: The number of strokes/transitory ischemic attacks within the first year is relatively low after retinal artery occlusion and patients that already had a previous stroke, transitory ischemic attack, and/or amaurosis fugax before retinal artery occlusion seem to have a higher risk for a cerebrovascular event after retinal artery occlusion.
Immune thrombocytopenia in alemtuzumab-treated MS patients: Incidence, detection, and management
Authors: Cuker Adam , Bass Ann D , Nadj Congor , Agius Mark A , Steingo Brian , Selmaj Krzysztof W , Thoits Timothy , Guerreiro Alexandre , Van Wijmeersch Bart , Ziemssen Tjalf , Meuth Sven G , LaGanke Christopher C , Thangavelu Karthinathan , Rodriguez Claudio E , Baker Darren P , Margolin David H , Jannsens Ann 
Published: February 2019

Background: Alemtuzumab is a highly effective therapy for relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS), and immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) has been identified as a risk. Objective: To examine ITP incidence, treatment, and outcomes during the clinical development of alemtuzumab for RRMS and discuss postmarketing experience outside clinical trials. Methods: CAMMS223 and Comparison of Alemtuzumab and Rebif® Efficacy in Multiple Sclerosis (CARE-MS) I and II investigated two annual courses of alemtuzumab 12 mg (or 24 mg in CAMMS223/CARE-MS II) versus subcutaneous interferon beta-1a three times per week. Patients completing core studies could enroll in an extension. Monthly monitoring for ITP continued until 48 months after the last alemtuzumab infusion. Results: Of 1485 alemtuzumab-treated MS patients in the clinical development program, 33 (2.2%) developed ITP (alemtuzumab 12 mg, 24 [2.0%]; alemtuzumab 24 mg, 9 [3.3%]) over median 6.1 years of follow-up after the first infusion; most had a sustained response to first-line ITP therapy with corticosteroids, platelets, and/or intravenous immunoglobulin. All cases occurred within 48 months of the last alemtuzumab infusion. Postmarketing surveillance data suggest that the ITP incidence is not higher in clinical practice than in clinical trials. Conclusion: Alemtuzumab-associated ITP occurs in approximately 2% of patients and is responsive to therapy. Careful monitoring is key for detection and favorable outcomes.