bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lymphovenous anastomosis and debulking procedure for treatment of combined severe lower extremity and genital lymphedema: A case report
Authors: Scaglioni Mario F. , Uyulmaz Semra 
Published: May 2018

AbstractLymphedema most commonly occurs after cancer treatment and can affect limbs and genitalia. Genital lymphedema (GL) is a rare condition and can be disabling psychologically and physically. It often occurs along with lower extremity lymphedema (LEL). Conservative and physiologic reconstructive surgery such as lymphaticovenous anastomosis (LVA) offer good treatment options for LEL. GL however remains a reconstructive dilemma. The most effective surgical therapies in advanced GL are still debulking procedures in properly selected patients. Here, we present the surgical treatment of a 51 ‐year‐old male patient with advanced and combined genital and right lower extremity lymphedema after Hodgkin lymphom treatment in the childhood. We performed multiple LVA to the right ankle joint, distal lower leg and lateral knee and 2 months later patient reported a significant decrease of pain and pressure in affected limb while the scrotal and penis lymphedema did not show any signs of improvement at all. Four months later, 4.9 kg of excessive lymphedematous tissue from the genital area was resected and covered by split‐thickness skin grafts from the unaffected left upper thigh. The postoperative course was uneventful and 3 weeks postoperatively the skin graft healed completely. Follow up at 6 months showed reasonable cosmetic and functional outcomes and the patient reported a significant improvement of quality of life. We believe that debulking procedures and LVA may be combined in advanced GL and LEL and may provide good outcomes.
Lithium‐Festelektrolyte für Energiespeicher
Authors: Rettenwander Daniel , Wilkening Martin 
Published: May 2018

AbstractKeramische Feststoffbatterien benötigen elektrochemisch stabile, hochleitfähige Materialien, in denen die Lithiumionen ultraschnell diffundieren. Mit Mikrokontaktimpedanz‐ und insbesondere mit NMR‐Spektroskopie lassen sich die dynamischen Prozesse in kristallinen und amorphen Ionenleitern studieren. Diese Methoden helfen zudem, die besten Kandidaten für sichere Energiespeichersysteme zu identifizieren.
Trendbericht Technische Chemie
Authors: Etzold Bastian J. M. , Nieken Ulrich , Sauer Jörg , Ziegenbalg Dirk 
Published: May 2018

AbstractMerkmale der technischen Chemie sind vor allem das Verknüpfen von Prozessen auf unterschiedlichen Skalen und der interdisziplinäre Charakter. Der Trendbericht zeigt, wie aktuell diese verbindenden Funktionen der technischen Chemie sind.
Forschungspolitik: Mehr Chemie in die Energie
Authors: Reuter Martin 
Published: May 2018

AbstractDie Energiewende erschwert es der deutschen Chemieindustrie, im internationalen Standortwettbewerb mitzuhalten. Welche Chancen bieten sich der Chemieindustrie und vor welchen Herausforderungen steht sie, damit Chemie‐ und Energiewende zusammenkommen?
Elastoplasticity with linear tetrahedral elements: A variational multiscale method
Authors: Abboud Nabil , Scovazzi Guglielmo 
Published: May 2018

SummaryWe present a computational framework for the simulation ofJ2‐elastic/plastic materials in complex geometries based on simple piecewise linear finite elements on tetrahedral grids. We avoid spurious numerical instabilities by means of a specific stabilization method of the variational multiscale kind. Specifically, we introduce the concept of subgrid‐scale displacements, velocities, and pressures, approximated as functions of the governing equation residuals. The subgrid‐scale displacements/velocities are scaled using an effective (tangent) elastoplastic shear modulus, and we demonstrate the beneficial effects of introducing a subgrid‐scale pressure in the plastic regime. We provide proofs of stability and convergence of the proposed algorithms. These methods are initially presented in the context of static computations and then extended to the case of dynamics, where we demonstrate that, in general, naïve extensions of stabilized methods developed initially for static computations seem not effective. We conclude by proposing a dynamic version of the stabilizing mechanisms, which obviates this problematic issue. In its final form, the proposed approach is simple and efficient, as it requires only minimal additional computational and storage cost with respect to a standard finite element relying on a piecewise linear approximation of the displacement field.
Tumour‐like lesions in a Late Bronze Age skeleton from Gonur Depe, Southern Turkmenistan
Authors: Kufterin V.V. , Dubova N.A. , Nikiforovsky Y.A. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe article describes tumour‐like lesions in a Bronze Age skeleton from Southern Turkmenistan. The combination of pathological manifestations observed in the skeleton does not permit making exact conclusions. Based on the skeletal lesions, malignant bone tumour (chondrosarcoma or parosteal osteosarcoma) seems to be the most feasible diagnosis. If this diagnosis is correct, the skeleton represents one of the earliest cases of primary malignant tumours known to date.
Two‐way multi‐shape memory properties of peroxide crosslinked ethylene vinyl‐acetate copolymer (EVA)/polycaprolactone (PCL) blends
Authors: Han Jin‐Lin , Lai Sun‐Mou , Chiu Yu Ting 
Published: May 2018

Rare studies have investigated on the 2‐way shape memory crosslinked blends with multiple shape memory behavior up to date. To consider the merit of commercial cost‐competitive crystalline polymers, ethylene vinyl‐acetate copolymer (EVA)/polycaprolactone (PCL) blends (60/40 and 30/70) were peroxide‐cured to form the 2‐way multi‐shape memory crosslinked blends using a melt‐blending method. Both resins were selected to have a similar controlled crosslinking degree, which allowed us to distinctly evaluate their actuation contributions from the cooling‐induced elongation (crystallization) and from the entropy‐driven elongation during cooling process, respectively. In the 2‐way process for the 60/40 system, 2 respective peaks contributed from the cooling‐induced crystallization of EVA and PCL in the cooling curves based on the strain derivate rates at various temperatures were observed. After the cooling process under the loading stress of 150 kPa, the 2‐step heating‐induced contraction process with increasing temperature started at 54.1°C above the melting temperature of PCL at 52.3°C and EVA at 78.3°C, demonstrating 2‐way multi‐shape memory behavior. The multi‐step behavior was more prominent at higher PCL composition and higher load for the 30/70 system. It was found that the entropy‐driven contribution to the overall actuation magnitude increased with increasing nominal loads due to the increased orientation of molecular networks in the blends. The current approach offers numerous possibilities in preparing 2‐way multi‐shape memory crosslinked blends.
A new cross‐linked system of silicone rubber based on silicone‐polyurea block copolymer
Authors: Liu Yuetao , Zhu Dan , Sun Jiawen , Wu Yumin , Gao Chuanhui 
Published: May 2018

A new cross‐linked system of silicone rubber (SR) was obtained from silicone‐polyurea block copolymers that was synthesized with aminopropyl terminated polydimethylsiloxane and (4‐isocyanatocyclohexyl)‐methane. SR possessed self‐reinforced and physical cross‐linked structure. It had better mechanical properties that the hardness, the tensile strength, and the elongation at break could reach 65 Shore A, 3.78 MPa, and 458% with the polyurea segment content ranging from 2.01% to 9.13% by weight. The hydrogen bond that led to the physical cross‐linked structure was proved byFourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The microphase separated structure that caused the self‐reinforcement was illustrated by scanning electron microscopy, X‐ray diffraction analysis, and dynamic mechanical analysis. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy results showed the hydrogen bond formation between the polyurea units. Scanning electron microscopy, dynamic mechanical analysis, and X‐ray diffraction analysis results proved the microphase separation existed between polyurea units and ―Si―O―Si― chains. The increase of polyurea contents enhanced the binding of hydrogen bond and improved the extent of microphase separation. Accordingly, it decreased the thermal properties and lowered the glass transition temperature (Tg) from −108°C to −114°C. Also, the increase of polyurea contents increased the hydrophobicity of SR that the surface free energy could reach to −24.81 mN/m.
Hepatoblastoma in patients with molecularly proven familial adenomatous polyposis: Clinical characteristics and rationale for surveillance screening
Authors: Trobaugh‐Lotrario Angela D. , López‐Terrada Dolores , Li Peng , Feusner James H. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractFamilial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) due to APC mutation is associated with an increased risk of hepatoblastoma. All cases of hepatoblastoma in patients with FAP reported in the literature were reviewed. One hundred and nine patients were identified. Thirty‐five patients (of 49 with data) were diagnosed with hepatoblastoma prior to a later diagnosis of FAP (often in association with advanced colorectal carcinoma), emphasizing a need to identify patients earlier with germline APC mutations for early colorectal carcinoma screening. Hepatoblastoma may present at birth, and screening for hepatoblastoma in infancy in families with FAP prior to APC mutation testing results may be warranted.
Die Temperatur an die Kette gelegt
Authors: Ucke Christian , Schlichting Hans Joachim 
Published: May 2018

ZusammenfassungKettenthermometer sind eine wenig bekannte und kaum noch erhältliche Thermometervariante. Sie ähneln auf den ersten Blick den bekannten Galilei‐Thermometern, verfügen jedoch nur über eine schwebende Kugel mit anhängender Kette. Das physikalische Prinzip ist einfach. Deswegen kann man sie mit vertretbarem Aufwand und experimentellem Geschick weitgehend mit Alltagsmaterialien selbst bauen.
Das Antiproton im Fokus
Authors: Smorra Christian , Sellner Stefan , Ulmer Stefan 
Published: May 2018

ZusammenfassungMit neuen Messmethoden haben wir das Ladung‐Masse‐Verhältnis und das magnetische Moment des Antiprotons auf 11 beziehungsweise 9 signifikante Dezimalstellen genau bestimmt. Zusätzlich haben wir eine neue Methode entwickelt, um Schranken für die Lebensdauer von Antiprotonen zu setzen. Für unsere Experimente nutzen wir ein hochempfindliches System aus vier Penning‐Fallen, in denen Antiprotonen zwischen Präzisions‐ und Analysefallen hin und her transportiert werden können. Damit kennen wir jetzt zwei grundlegende Eigenschaften des Antiprotons mit vergleichbarer Genauigkeit wie die des Protons. Diese Messungen ergeben zusammen einen hochsensitiven Test, der bis zu der erreichten Empfindlichkeitsgrenze vorerst die CPT‐Symmetrie für Baryonen und damit das Standardmodell untermauert. Das Rätsel des Materieüberschusses im Kosmos bleibt weiterhin ungelöst.
Self‐Assembly of Spherical or Rod‐Shaped Magnetic Nanocrystals onto Curved Substrates Governed by the Radius of Curvature
Authors: Testa‐Anta Martín , Correa‐Duarte Miguel A. , Salgueiriño Verónica 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe way the assembly of colloidal nanostructures into heterostructures takes place substantially affects their physicochemical properties and performance. The layer‐by‐layer self‐assembly has shown in this regard a huge ability to drive nanomaterials onto curved substrates. Hindering the clustering to improve the distribution and allocation of nanoparticles on these assemblies can be partially controlled by geometric frustration, herein demonstrated driving magnetic nanocrystals with different morphology onto spherical substrates of tuned curvature.
Meeting report from the Prostate Cancer Foundation PSMA‐directed radionuclide scientific working group
Authors: Miyahira Andrea K. , Pienta Kenneth J. , Morris Michael J. , Bander Neil H. , Baum Richard P. , Fendler Wolfgang P. , Goeckeler William , Gorin Michael A. , Hennekes Hartwig , Pomper Martin G. , Sartor Oliver , Tagawa Scott T. , Williams Scott , Soule Howard R. 
Published: May 2018

IntroductionThe Prostate Cancer Foundation (PCF) convened a PSMA‐Directed Radionuclide Scientific Working Group on November 14, 2017, at Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY.MethodsThe meeting was attended by 35 global investigators with expertise in prostate cancer biology, radionuclide therapy, molecular imaging, prostate‐specific membrane antigen (PSMA)‐targeted agents, drug development, and prostate cancer clinical trials. The goal of this meeting was to discuss the potential for using PSMA‐targeted radionuclide agents for the treatment of advanced prostate cancer and to define the studies and clinical trials necessary for validating and optimizing the use of these agents.ResultsSeveral major topic areas were discussed including the overview of PSMA biology, lessons and applications of PSMA‐targeted PET imaging, the nuances of designing PSMA‐targeted radionuclide agents, clinical experiences with PSMA‐targeted radionuclides, PCF‐funded projects to accelerate PSMA‐targeted radionuclide therapy, and barriers to the use of radionuclide treatments in widespread clinical practice.DiscussionThis article reviews the major topics discussed at the meeting with the goal of promoting research that will validate and optimize the use of PSMA‐targeted radionuclide therapies for the treatment of advanced prostate cancer.
Synthesis of Organophilic Carbon Dots, Selective Screening of Trinitrophenol and a Comprehensive Understanding of Luminescence Quenching Mechanism
Authors: Ganiga Manjunatha , Mani Neema Pallikkarathodi , Cyriac Jobin 
Published: May 2018

AbstractAlthough carbon dots (CDs) are an attractive alternative to the toxic semiconductor based luminescent materials, the plethora of carboxyl group present in its surface bestows a weak solubility in non‐polar media. Here, we demonstrated the synthesis of CDs having high solubility in non‐polar environment referred as ‘organophilic CDs’ (OCDs) via hydrothermal reaction of cyclohexane. Cyclohexane acts as a carbon source as well as dispersion media. The OCDs was well characterized using spectroscopic and microscopic methods. Further, we utilized OCDs for the selective sensing of 2,4,6‐trinitrophenol (TNP) over other structurally similar nitroaromatics (NAs), with a limit of detection of 887 nM. Detailed photophysical studies have been conducted to understand the photoluminescence (PL) quenching mechanism. The quenching was due to primary inner filter effect (IFE), which happens by the absorption of NAs at the excitation wavelength of OCDs and not due to commonly observed electron transfer mechanisms in these class of compounds.
Benzoin Condensation: A Kinetic Monitoring at the Oil‐Water Interface
Authors: Singh Anshu , Kumar Anil 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe overall kinetics of condensation of benzaldehyde to benzoin has been discussed here with an aim to develop a better understanding of the change in reactivity of the interfacial reaction in the presence of co‐solvents. A key aspect of the ‘on water’ reaction is the chemistry between solvent and reactants that occur at the oil‐water interface. In particular the orientation of water molecules at the interface plays a key role in catalyzing the reaction. An initial increase in the rate constants of reaction is observed, followed by sharp fall in the reaction kinetics. An interesting interplay of hydrophobicity, hydrogen bonding and polarity of the binary mixture is inevitable in the present study. The observations are nevertheless important reference point for future investigations of ‘on water’ reactions.
Platinum‐Decorated Si Nanowires as Methanol‐Tolerant Oxygen Reduction Electrocatalysts
Authors: Sun Yuyang , Jiang Binbin , Liao Fan , Liu Liangbin , Shao Mingwang 
Published: May 2018

AbstractPlatinum decorated Si nanowire (Pt/SiNW) catalysts were prepared by directly reducing Pt ions with Si−H bonds and exhibited excellent electrocatalytic behavior in the methanol tolerant oxygen reduction reaction. The onset potential and half wave potential of Pt/SiNW catalysts were positively shifted about 29 and 9 mV respectively compared with Pt/C commercial catalysts. Furthermore, the methanol tolerant capacity of Pt/SiNW catalysts is much higher than that of Pt/C commercial catalysts since the current density of Pt/C for methanol oxidation is 13.45 (or 20.56) folds higher when 0.1 (or 1) M methanol was added into the electrolyte. The outstanding catalytic performance of Pt/SiNW catalysts is due to the synergistic effect of Pt nanoparticles and SiNWs: Pt nanoparticles are tightly anchored SiNWs, avoiding the aggregation during the electrochemical process. Meanwhile, SiNWs may hinder the methanol oxidation and improve the tolerant capacity. The results presented here confirm the Pt/SiNW catalyst is efficient and ecologically friendly catalysts for direct methanol fuel cell technology.
3D‐Ordered Mesoporous Chromium‐Doped Titania Thin Films: The Effect of Metal Dopant on the Microstructure, Mesoporous Symmetry, Hydrophobicity, and Surface Properties
Authors: Imani Amin , Oveisi Hamid 
Published: May 2018

AbstractAttention to the mesoporous metal doped titania thin films has been increased significantly due to its wide potential applications, especially in photocatalytic activities. Determining the effect of surface property, mesoporous symmetry and metal dopant in mesoporous thin films materials have rarely reported, in particular, there are essential factors determining the performance of these materials. Herein, Cr@mesoporous titania thin films prepared by the sol‐gel approach. The surface properties of the thin films, as well as crystal structure, mesoporous symmetry, hydrophobicity, and surface morphology, were deeply discussed. Power spectral density and bearing analysis were calculated using atomic force microscopy. The results confirm that the thickness of all films was completely uniform without flooding, made by randomly oriented fine grains, and mesoporous structure. The Cr particles act as a porous site eliminator and increased the lattice mismatch in mesoporous titania thin films. The surface roughness, power spectral density, bearing area, and water contact angle of the films were significantly affected by Cr content. As the Cr content is increased, the porosities shrunk together and denser films were obtained. The roughness values display that the presence of Cr increases the homogeneity and the smoothness of the thin film surface with small grain size.
Role of Anion and Cation in the 1‐Methyl‐3‐butyl Imidazolium Ionic Liquids BMImX: The Knoevenagel Condensation
Authors: Pandolfi Fabiana , Feroci Marta , Chiarotto Isabella 
Published: May 2018

Abstract1‐Methyl‐3‐butylimidazolium ionic liquids BMImX (X anions: Ac−, HCO3−, Cl−, BF4−, PF6−, I−, CF3CO2−, (CF3SO2)2N−, CF3SO3−) were used as catalysts in the Knoevenagel condensation reaction. The catalytic activity was compared with that of the inorganic salts NaAc, NaHCO3, NaCl. Whereas it is quite important to select suitable cation and anion depending on the purpose, the basicity of the anion X− and the ability of the counter‐ion BMIm+ to avoid the ion pairing with anion X− was investigated. 1‐Methyl‐3‐butyl imidazolium acetate [BMImAc] and 1‐methyl‐3‐butyl imidazolium hydrogen carbonate [BMImHCO3] show the most significant catalytic power and their catalytic effect was studied on a wide range of aromatic, heteroaromatic or aliphatic aldehydes or ketones with active methylene compounds. The corresponding substituted alkenes were obtained in excellent yields (up to 98%) in the absence of any solvent at room temperature within short times. The interesting feature of this study includes explanation on role of the cation BMIm+ as proton donor (versus anions Ac− or HCO3−), in ion pair formation (with anion X−) and activator of the aldehyde structure.
Self‐Assembly of Anionic Gemini‐Surfactant‐Assisted Fabrication of Copper Oxide Nanostructures
Authors: Liao Xueming , Gao Zhinong , Xia Yan , Zhai Wenzhong , Pan Chenchen , Zhang Yingfang , Yan Saisai , Han Jia 
Published: May 2018

AbstractA series of anionic gemini surfactants(AGS) were synthesized from N, N‐dimethylaminoethanol(DMEA) and tetracarboxylic acid diester(TAD). TAD was derived from the reactant of 3,3’,4,4’‐biphenyl tetracarboxylic dianhydride with long alkyl alcohol. The surface properties and self‐assembly behaviors of these novel AGS were investigated. These AGS displayed super low critical micelle concentration(cmc) and excellent self‐assembly ability. By changing solution concentration, surfactant molecules self‐assemble into different micellar morphologies, including spherical micelles, threadlike micelles, dendritic micelles and vesicles. Tunable micellar morphology of AGS, which directed the orientated growth of nanocrystals, assisted fabricating copper oxide nanostructures(nano‐CuO). Through reaction, diverse shapes (spherical, linear, branch and multilayer) of nano‐CuO were obtained and confirmed.
Triethylamine‐Mediated One‐Pot Synthesis of Benzo[f]chromene Derivatives
Authors: Bhattacharjee Suchandra , Gattu Radhakrishna , Khan Abu T. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe synthesis of benzo[f]chromene was accomplished by a one‐pot three‐component condensation reaction between β‐naphthol, trans‐β‐nitrostyrene and 37% formalin solution in the presence of triethylamine under 80 °C. The formation of product occurs through a 1,2‐naphthoquinone‐1‐methide reactive intermediate. The attractive features of this protocol are: use of simple reaction procedure, high bond‐forming efficiency, good yield, and environmentally benign reaction conditions.
Water‐Assisted Formation of Supramolecular Self‐Assembly Systems Based on Distyrylbenzene Derivative
Authors: Cao Xinhua , Ding Qianqian , Li Yiran , Gao Aiping , Chang Xueping 
Published: May 2018

AbstractTwo new π‐conjugated distyrylbenzene derivatives (1O and 1S) were synthesized and carefully characterized through the reaction between 2‐furaldehyde or 2‐thiophenecarboxaldehyde and p‐phenylenediacetonitrile. Organogels 1O and 1S could be obtained in some mixed solvents through addition of water and further balance the solubility. Compounds 1O and 1S had different self‐assembly behavior even if only the difference of one atom in their molecular structures. Organogels 1O and 1S could emit yellow light with the large red‐shift comparing with that of solution state. The emission properties of compounds 1O and 1S in single molecule and dimmer mode were further verified through theoretical calculation. From the UV‐vis absorption spectra, fluorescence emission spectra, FTIR and XRD experiments results, π‐π stacking interaction and strong intermolecular secondary bonding interaction were the main driving force for organogel formation. The different structure from willow leaf‐shaped structure constructed by micron piece to micron fibers structure could be observed through the self‐assembly of molecules 1O and 1S in mixed solvents which exhibited different degrees of hydrophobicity with contact angles of 92°‐135°. This self‐assembly behavior could be tuned via different atom in terminal group of gelator molecule structure. This research would provide a new sample for designing functional π‐conjugated supramolecular self‐assembly system.