bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
AVALIAÇÃO DA CONDIÇÃO DE ÁRVORES URBANAS NOS PRINCIPAIS PARQUES E PRAÇAS DO MUNICÍPIO DE IRATI-PR.
Authors: Serpa Schallenberger Leonardo , José de Araujo Antonio , Nakai de Araujo Michiko , Jay Deiner L. , De Oliveira Machado Gilmara 
Published: May 2019

Este estudo teve como principal objetivo avaliar a condição das árvores urbanas do Parque Aquático de Exposição Agro-Industrial Santa Terezinha, Praça Etelvina Andrade Gomes, Edgar Andrade Gomes, Praça Infantil Dona Nóca, Colina Nossa Senhora das Graças e a Praça da Bandeira. As praças selecionadas são as mais freqüentadas pela população da cidade de Irati no estado do Paraná. A análise foi realizada mediante uma metodologia semi-qualitativa, a qual utiliza como parâmetros variáveis relacionadas à condição do tronco, taxa de crescimento recente, vitalidade da árvore, doenças pragas e parasitas, vigor da copa e longevidade remanescente. Essas variáveis são numericamente pontuadas e por meio de comparação com pontuações pré-estabelecidas e tabeladas é possível classificar cada árvore em excelente, boa, regular, ruim ou péssima. Dos seis locais de estudo, foram avaliadas 615 árvores de diferentes espécies. De acordo com os resultados, 19,35% das árvores foram classificadas em excelentes, 35,93% em boas, 32,36% em regulares, 11,06% em ruins e 1,3% se enquadraram na condição péssima. Devido suas peculiaridades, cada local foi analisado também em particular, sendo abordadas as principais espécies constituintes e principais motivos causadores de efeitos negativos na condição geral das árvores. Observou-se, que na maioria dos casos, a condição geral dos indivíduos foram decorrentes da presença de erva-de-passarinho, espaçamentos inadequados entre árvores, lesões resultantes de podas drásticas ou realizadas sem o uso de técnicas adequadas, bem como da necessidade de remoção e substituição de árvores em casos extremos.
IDENTIFICAÇÃO DAS ESPÉCIES ORNAMENTAIS NOCIVAS NA ARBORIZAÇÃO URBANA DE SANTIAGO/RS
Authors: Rossana Castro de Souza Angélica , Dias Robaina Adroaldo , Xavier Peiter Marcia , Camargo Ferraz Rafael , Teixeira Schwab Natalia , Raquel Castro de Souza Gessiana , De Melo Pinto Leandro 
Published: May 2019

A arborização urbana traz diversos benefícios às cidades, tais como melhoria do microclima, embelezamento, redução da poluição sonora e visual além da melhoria física e mental dos habitantes. Porém a inserção de algumas plantas no meio urbano pode trazer malefícios, principalmente quando estas forem providas de princípios tóxicos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi identificar as espécies vegetais potencialmente nocivas distribuídas nas praças, ruas e avenidas do bairro Centro da cidade de Santiago/RS. Para isso foi realizado um levantamento das espécies arbóreas através de visitas in loco, identificando-as individualmente, no período de dezembro de 2007 a fevereiro de 2008. As espécies foram identificadas de acordo com o sistema de classificação APG III e, posteriormente, calculouse a freqüência de ocorrência de cada espécie. A pesquisa demonstrou a predominância de Ligustrum lucidum Ait. e Melia azedarach L. entre as espécies tóxicas relatadas.
Smoking and COPD: Endothelium-Related and Neuro-mediated Emphysema Mechanisms
Authors: Nevzorova Vera , Brodskaya Tatiana , Gilifanov Eugeny 
Published: May 2019

This chapter describes endothelium-related and neuro-mediated mechanisms of emphysema development in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and smoking on the basis of previously completed studies, literature data, and own researches. As components of neurogenic inflammation in the processes of tissue remodeling in emphysema, we describe the distribution and activity of the substance P, neurokinin-1 and its receptor, tissue metalloproteinases and their tissue inhibitors in the lungs during the entire experimental period, the modeling of COPD in rats with a smoking model. We also analyzed the content of neurokinin system markers, the localization, and markers of tissue metalloproteinases in human lung tissue structures. We have confidence that there is a special morphofunctional continuum of development of lower respiratory tract remodeling in response to chronic exposure to tobacco smoke and the development of inflammation in COPD. New data suggest that imbalance of neuro-mediated interactions, alteration of vasomotoric signaling mechanisms, secretion, mucociliary clearance, cytoprotection involving substance P-dependent components with impaired content, and development of dystopia of matrix metalloproteinases and their tissue inhibitors are involved in the initiation of morphological restructuring. Research in this direction should be continued to allow approaches to the development of preventive and therapeutic strategies for emphysema.
Coupling and metabolic analysis of urbanization and environment between two resource-based cities in North China
Authors: Chen Hao , Xu Linyu , Cao Qingqing , Huang Miansong , Song Minghua , Quan Quan , Liu Jian 
Published: May 2019

Background
The complex relationship between urbanization and environment in resource-based cities is of increasing concern.

Methods
As typical examples of rapid economic growth, obvious urbanization, and successful transformed production models, the cities of Dongying and Binzhou in Yellow River Delta High-tech Economic Zone were chosen for research. First, this study examines the coupling relationship between urbanization and the environment over the last seventeen years using the coupling degree model. Second, the emergy analysis method is used to further study the energy metabolism and environmental load in the two cities to reveal these couplings.

Results
Dongying and Binzhou were well-coupled and the coupling coordination degree was in the stage of mild coordination coupling showing an upward trend. The total metabolic energy of the two cities increased yearly from 2000 to 2016, and the emergy extroversion ratio data showed the cities’ dependence on external elements such as continuously increased imported resources. The total emergy used in the two cities showed an upward trend during 2000 and 2016, while the emergy per capita consumption increased significantly, suggesting that the society’s energy efficiency improved. During the same period, the environmental loading ratio increased gradually, and the elements causing the environmental load shifted from internal to external.

Discussion
The study shows that the factors of environmental load in developing cities are gradually shifting from internal to external, which is vital to understanding the impact of urban transformation and upgrading of resource-based cities on the environment.
Discordance in monozygotic Parkinson's disease twins – continuum or dichotomy?
Authors: Balck Alexander , Borsche Max , Kasten Meike , Lohmann Katja , Seibler Philip , Brüggemann Norbert , Klein Christine 
Published: May 2019

AbstractDifferences in concordance rates between monozygotic and dizygotic twin pairs with Parkinson's disease (PD) have been used to estimate genetic influences in PD pathogenesis. We hypothesized that “discordance” may not in all cases adequately reflect the multifaceted disease manifestation of PD that involves a continuum from prodromal to definite PD. Deep clinical phenotyping, combining motor, nonmotor, and imaging modalities in five monozygotic, seemingly discordant twin pairs revealed motor and/or nonmotor features and/or nigral hyperechogenicity in all of the five putatively unaffected twins. In conclusion, our data suggest that concordance rates in monozygotic twins may be higher than previously appreciated.
The Role of Underlayers and Overlayers in Thin Film BiVO4 Photoanodes for Solar Water Splitting
Authors: García‐Tecedor Miguel , Cardenas‐Morcoso Drialys , Fernández‐Climent Roser , Giménez Sixto 
Published: May 2019

AbstractLight‐driven water splitting with metal oxide semiconductor materials to produce H2 constitutes one of the most promising energy conversion technologies built on solar power. BiVO4 stands out as one of the most attractive metal oxides with reported photocurrents close to its theoretical maximum of 7.5 mA cm−2 at 1 sun illumination. The present work addresses the state‐of‐the‐art strategies to enhance the performance of this material for water oxidation by heterostructuring with different underlayer (SnO2 and WO3) and overlayer (NiOOH/FeOOH, Co–Pi, Co–Fe Prussian Blue derivative) materials, with particular emphasis on the physico‐chemical mechanisms responsible for the reported enhancements.
Doped N‐Type Organic Field‐Effect Transistors Based on Faux‐Hawk Fullerene
Authors: Liu Shiyi , DeWeerd Nicholas J. , Reeves Brian J. , San Long K. , Dahal Drona , Radha Krishnan Raj Kishen , Strauss Steven H. , Boltalina Olga V. , Lüssem Björn 
Published: May 2019

AbstractFaux‐hawk fullerenes are promising candidates for high‐performance organic field‐effect transistors (OFETs). They show dense molecular packing and high thermal stability. Furthermore, in contrast to most other C60 derivates, functionalization of the fullerene core by the fluorinated group C6F4CF2 does not increase their lowest unoccupied orbital position, which allows the use of air‐stable molecular n‐dopants to optimize their performance. The influence of n‐doping on the performance of OFETs based on the faux‐hawk fullerene 1,9‐C60(cyclo‐CF2(2‐C6F4)) (C60FHF) is studied. An analytic model for n‐doped transistors is presented and used to clarify the origin of the increase in the subthreshold swing usually observed in doped OFETs. It is shown that the increase in subthreshold swing can be minimized by using a bulk dopant layer at the gate dielectric/C60FHF layer instead of a mixed host:dopant layer. Following an optimization of the OFETs, an average electron mobility of 0.34 cm2 V−1 s−1, a subthreshold swing below 400 mV dec−1 for doped transistors, and a contact resistance of 10 kΩ cm is obtained, which is among the best performance for fullerene based n‐type semiconductors.
In Situ Generated Fireproof Gel Polymer Electrolyte with Li6.4Ga0.2La3Zr2O12 As Initiator and Ion‐Conductive Filler
Authors: Xu Dong , Su Jianmeng , Jin Jun , Sun Ce , Ruan Yadong , Chen Chunhua , Wen Zhaoyin 
Published: May 2019

AbstractPoly(vinylidene fluoride‐co‐hexafluoropropylene) (PVDF‐HFP) based gel polymer electrolyte is regarded as a promising candidate to settle the safety issues of liquid electrolytes. However, the currently reported gel polymer electrolytes are still not safe enough owing to high amount of flammable liquid solvents contained in them. Herein, a fireproof PVDF‐HFP based gel polymer electrolyte is designed and synthesized through an in situ crosslinking method, with Li6.4Ga0.2La3Zr2O12 as initiator and ion‐conductive filler. The obtained gel polymer electrolyte demonstrates superior fire resisting properties. The optimized gel polymer electrolyte exhibits an ionic conductivity as high as 1.84 × 10−3 S cm−1 at 20 °C with an electrochemical window up to 4.75 V at room temperature. Moreover, the obtained gel polymer electrolyte shows excellent compatibility with lithium anodes. Therefore, the lithium anode is well protected. Lithium batteries assembled with the gel polymer electrolyte possess superb safety properties in cutting and burning tests. Furthermore, the batteries also show a discharge retention rate as high as 94.08% (in comparison with the initial discharge capacity) after cycling at 0.5 C for 360 cycles with an average columbic efficiency higher than 98%. The purpose of this report is to show the great potential of applying fire‐retardant gel polymer electrolyte to achieve high safety lithium batteries.
Template‐Free Construction of Self‐Supported Sb Prisms with Stable Sodium Storage
Authors: Li Xinyan , Sun Menglei , Ni Jiangfeng , Li Liang 
Published: May 2019

AbstractAntimony (Sb) is a promising anode material for sodium‐ion batteries owing to its large capacity of 660 mAh g−1. However, its practical application is restricted by the rapid capacity decay resulted from a large volume expansion up to 390% upon Na alloying. Herein, construction of a self‐supported Sb array that has enough space allowing for effective accommodation of the volume change is reported. The array of Sb prisms is directly grown on a Cu substrate via a template‐free electrodeposition, followed by mild heating to consolidate the structural integrity between Sb and Cu. The resulting 3D architecture endows the Sb array with excellent sodium storage performance, exhibiting a reversible capacity of 578 mAh g−1 and retaining 531 mAh g−1 over 100 cycles at 0.5 C. The potential of Sb array in sodium‐ion full cells by pairing it with a Na0.67(Ni0.23Mg0.1Mn0.67)O2 cathode is further demonstrated. This full cell affords a specific energy of 197 Wh kg−1 at 0.2 C and a specific power of 1280 W kg−1 at 5 C. Considering its low cost and scale‐up capability, the template‐free route may find extensive applications in designing electrode architectures.
Solvent extraction modeling of Ce/Eu/Y from chloride media using D2EHPA
Authors: Pavón Sandra , Fortuny Agustí , Coll M. Teresa , Sastre Ana M. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractEnd‐of‐life fluorescent lamps are becoming essential in the rare earths (REEs) field and suppose a feasible secondary source for getting them, reducing thus their supply risk. Considering the proved viability of the cationic extractants, the present study aims at establishing a solvent extraction model using di‐(2‐ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid (D2EHPA) not only based on the individual Ce, Eu, and Y behavior in chloride media, but also bearing in mind the competitive extraction of these metals in Ce/Eu/Y mixtures, depending on the media variables. Furthermore, the model allow determining the optimal REEs separation conditions. The results disclose that Y could be separated from the mixture using 0.1 mol/L D2EHPA, acidity above of 3 mol/L of protons and chloride concentrations higher than 4 mol/L.
Extension of the validation method for vapor–liquid equilibrium data to systems with nonvolatile components
Authors: Fernández Luís , Ortega Juan , Wisniak Jaime 
Published: May 2019

AbstractIn this work, a method is proposed to validate the experimental data of solutions of n‐components in vapor–liquid equilibria (VLE) with some nonvolatile component (nv‐VLE). The methodology is based on the resolution of the differential Gibbs–Duhem equation using two forms (differential and integral) described in a previous work. The combination of both forms evaluates as many relationships between the variables that define each data series in equilibrium (p, T, x1, … , n‐1, y1, … , n‐1) as degrees of freedom the problem has, although in this work it is only necessary to use the integral form. The proposed method is applied to 70 experimental data series published in the literature, considering the numerical limits previously assigned to parameters established for the integral‐form, according to the following. (a) A parameter ψ is identified as p or T according to if the data are iso‐T or iso‐p; (b) verification of the data is assessed by the difference , with > 0, and is determined by an uncertainty procedure of the inconsistency function , being ; and (c) The parameter κψ depends on the type of equilibrium. With κψ = 5, the rejection ratio of the total analyzed is 12%, this percentage increases as the level of quality required increases above 31% for κψ = 3. The calculations require a precise representation of the binomial {data+model}, which produces excellent results for the treatment of nv‐VLE and the properties of solutions, whose parametrization is achieved by an advanced procedure of combined optimization.
Asia Pacific Society of Human Genetics (APSHG) from conception to 2019: 13 years of collaboration to tackle congenital malformation and genetic disorders in Asia
Authors: Wasant Pornswan , Padilla Carmencita , Lam Stephen , Thong Meow‐Keong , Lai Poh‐San 
Published: May 2019

AbstractPutting together the reports in this issue that come from a representation of the different countries in Asia presents an opportunity to share the unique story of the Asia Pacific Society of Human Genetics (APSHG), which has provided the authors of many of these articles. This paper, authored by the Past Presidents of the Society, shares glimpses of how medical genetics activities were first organized in the Asia Pacific region and provides interesting corollaries on how under‐developed and developing countries in this part of the world had developed a unique network for exchange and sharing of expertise and resources. Although APSHG was formally registered as a Society in Singapore in 2006, the Society has its origins as far back as in the 1990s with members from different countries meeting informally, exchanging ideas, and collaborating. This treatise documents the story of the experiences of the Society and hopes it will provide inspiration on how members of a genetics community can foster and build a thriving environment to promote this field.
Epilepsy in families: Age at onset is a familial trait, independent of syndrome
Authors: Ellis Colin A. , Churilov Leonid , Epstein Michael P. , Xie Sharon X. , Bellows Susannah T. , Ottman Ruth , Berkovic Samuel F. ,   for the Epi4K Consortium
Published: May 2019

ObjectiveWe tested 2 hypotheses regarding age at onset within familial epilepsies: (1) family members with epilepsy tend to have similar ages at onset, independent of epilepsy syndrome; and (2) age at onset is younger in successive generations after controlling for sampling bias.MethodsWe analyzed clinical data collected by the Epi4K Consortium (303 multiplex families, 1,120 individuals). To test hypothesis 1, we used both linear mixed models commonly used for heritability analysis and Cox regression models with frailty terms to assess clustering of onset within families after controlling for other predictors. To test hypothesis 2, we used mixed effects models, pairwise analyses, and survival analysis to address sampling‐related bias that may mimic anticipation.ResultsRegarding hypothesis 1, age at seizure onset was significantly heritable (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.17, p < 0.001) after adjusting for epilepsy type, sex, site, history of febrile seizure, and age at last observation. This finding remained significant after adjusting for epilepsy syndromes, and was robust across statistical methods in all families and in generalized families. Regarding hypothesis 2, the mean age at onset decreased in successive generations (p < 0.001). After adjusting for age at last observation, this effect was not significant in mixed effects models (p = 0.14), but remained significant in pairwise (p = 0.0003) and survival analyses (p = 0.02).InterpretationAge at seizure onset is an independent familial trait, and may have genetic determinants distinct from the determinants of particular epilepsy syndromes. Younger onsets in successive generations can be explained in part by sampling bias, but the presence of genetic anticipation cannot be excluded. ANN NEUROL 2019
Rigorous Asymptotic Study of the Screened Electrostatic Potential in a Thin Dielectric Slab
Authors: Felbacq Didier , Rousseau Emmanuel 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe screened Coulomb potential plays a crucial role in the binding energies of excitons in a thin dielectric slab. The asymptotic behavior of this potential is studied when the thickness of the slab is very small as compared to the exciton Bohr radius. A regularized expression is given and the exact effective 2D potential is derived. These expressions may be useful for the computation of the exciton binding energy in 2D or quasi‐2D materials.
Four‐Coordinate Boron Emitters with Tridentate Chelating Ligand for Efficient and Stable Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Organic Light‐Emitting Devices
Authors: Li Panpan , Chan Hing , Lai Shiu‐Lun , Ng Maggie , Chan Mei‐Yee , Yam Vivian Wing‐Wah 
Published: May 2019

AbstractA new class of four‐coordinate donor‐acceptor fluoroboron‐containing thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) compounds bearing a tridentate 2,2′‐(pyridine‐2,6‐diyl)diphenolate (dppy) ligand has been successfully designed and synthesized. Upon varying the donor moieties from carbazole to 10H‐spiro[acridine‐9,9′‐fluorene] to 9,9‐dimethyl‐9,10‐dihydroacridine, these boron derivatives exhibit a wide range of emission colors spanning from blue to yellow with a large spectral shift of 2746 cm−1, with high PLQYs of up to 96 % in the doped thin film. Notably, vacuum‐deposited organic light‐emitting devices (OLEDs) made with these boron compounds demonstrate high performances with the best current efficiencies of 55.7 cd A−1, power efficiencies of 58.4 lm W−1 and external quantum efficiencies of 18.0 %. More importantly, long operational stabilities of the green‐emitting OLEDs based on 2 with half‐lifetimes of up to 12 733 hours at an initial luminance of 100 cd m−2 have been realized. This work represents for the first time the design and synthesis of tridentate dppy‐chelating four‐coordinate boron TADF compounds for long operational stabilities, suggesting great promises for the development of stable boron‐containing TADF emitters.
A Zn4L6 Capsule with Enhanced Catalytic C−C Bond Formation Activity upon C60 Binding
Authors: Lu Zhenpin , Lavendomme Roy , Burghaus Olaf , Nitschke Jonathan R. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractA redox‐switchable self‐assembled ZnII4L6 cage was synthesized that contains naphthalenediimide (NDI) motifs. Its reduction lent these NDI panels persistent radical anion character. The redox activity of this cage allows it to act as a catalyst for the oxidative coupling of different tetraaryl borates to give biaryls. The catalytic activity of the cage was enhanced following its binding of C60, which implies a mechanism that does not involve encapsulation of the substrate.
Going Homoleptic: Synthesis and Full Characterization of Stable Manganese Tetranitrosyl Cation Salts
Authors: Bohnenberger Jan , Derstine Brandon , Daub Michael , Krossing Ingo 
Published: May 2019

AbstractAlthough similar to carbon monoxide, the chemistry of homoleptic nitrogen monoxide complexes is fundamentally unexplored compared to their carbonyl analogues. Herein we report the synthesis of the first truly homoleptic transition‐metal nitrosyl cation as the salt of the weakly coordinating anions (WCAs) [Al(ORF)4]− and [F{Al(ORF)3}2]− (RF=C(CF3)3). These salts are easily accessible in good yields, phase pure, and were fully characterized by IR/Raman, NMR and UV/Vis spectroscopy as well as single‐crystal and powder X‐ray diffraction. They may serve as unprecedented simple model systems for theoretical and experimental studies of nitrosyl complexes.
Clustering electricity consumers using high‐dimensional regression mixture models
Authors: Devijver Emilie , Goude Yannig , Poggi Jean‐Michel 
Published: May 2019

AbstractA massive amount of data about individual electrical consumptions are now provided with new metering technologies and smart grids. These new data are especially useful for load profiling and load modeling at different scales of the electrical network. A new methodology based on mixture of high‐dimensional regression models is used to perform clustering of individual customers. It leads to uncovering clusters corresponding to different regression models. Temporal information is incorporated in order to prepare the next step, the fit of a forecasting model in each cluster. Only the electrical signal is involved, slicing the electrical signal into consecutive curves to consider it as a discrete time series of curves. Interpretation of the models is given on a real smart meter dataset of Irish customers.