bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Asma de difícil control relacionada con tromboembolismo pulmonar y aspergilosis broncopulmonar
Authors: Guevara-Saldaña Liliana , Díez-Zuluaga Libia Susana , Gómez-Henao Catalina María , Cardona Ricardo 
Published: April 2019

Antecedentes: La inflamación ocasionada por las enfermedades crónicas y el uso recurrente de corticosteroides sistémicos podrían asociarse con mayor incidencia de enfermedad tromboembólica venosa.Caso clínico: Hombre de 47 años con asma severa de difícil control y aspergilosis broncopulmonar alérgica, quien a pesar de óptimo tratamiento continuaba con exacerbaciones recurrentes y necesidad de corticosteroides sistémicos. Presentó edema y en pierna izquierda. Mediante ecografía Doppler venosa se confirmó trombosis venosa profunda; por las imágenes del gammagrama V/Q pulmonar se sospechó tromboembolismo pulmonar crónico. Se prescribieron 5 mg de apixaban cada 12 horas; en menos de dos meses se logró el control de los síntomas, sin necesidad de hospitalizaciones, corticosteroides sistémicos o beta2-agonistas de acción corta. Se comenzó el retiro gradual del omalizumab, con buena tolerancia.Conclusiones: La disminución importante de los síntomas bronquiales con el anticoagulante confirmó la sospecha de que el tromboembolismo pulmonar crónico causaba las exacerbaciones.
Evaluación de los conceptos diagnósticos y de manejo de la anafilaxia en médicos no alergólogos de Colombia
Authors: Londoño Julian Esteban , Raigosa María , Vasquez Maria Clara , Calvo Víctor , Cardona Ricardo , Sánchez Jorge 
Published: April 2019

Antecedentes: Varios reportes evidencian la necesidad de mayor conocimiento de los médicos acerca de los criterios diagnósticos y de manejo de la anafilaxia, condición que puede tener consecuencias fatales.Objetivo: Evaluar en Colombia los conocimientos de los médicos no alergólogos, acerca de los aspectos fundamentales de la anafilaxia en el diagnóstico oportuno y el tratamiento.Métodos: Estudio transversal realizado mediante una encuesta de 11 preguntas relativas a aspectos clínicos de la anafilaxia, dirigida a médicos generales y especialistas residentes en Colombia. El análisis de los resultados se hizo con base en las respuestas correctas. El corte de aprobación se estableció en > 70 %.Resultados: Se incluyeron 447 médicos no alergólogos, de los cuales solo 110 (24.6 %) aprobaron el cuestionario tanto en los aspectos diagnóstico como terapéuticos. Entre los factores asociados con reprobar la encuesta se identificó mayor edad (p < 0.01) y trabajar en el primer nivel de atención (p < 0.01).Conclusiones: Similar a lo reportado en otros estudios, el conocimiento en el diagnóstico y tratamiento de la anafilaxia fue deficiente entre los médicos colombianos. Los factores asociados con estos resultados son potencialmente modificables.
Extractos dializados de leucocitos para el tratamiento de infecciones recurrentes y severas en pacientes pediátricos con inmunodeficiencia celular: 15 años de experiencia
Authors: Ayala María del Carmen , González Nancy María , Palacios Gerardo , Rivera-Morales Lydia Guadalupe , Rodríguez-Padilla Cristina 
Published: April 2019

Antecedentes: Los extractos dializados de leucocitos (EDL) han sido utilizados en el tratamiento de diversos defectos de la inmunidad celular.Objetivo: Revisar la experiencia en el uso de EDL para tratar infecciones recurrentes o severas en niños con inmunodeficiencia celular adquirida no debida a virus de la inmunodeficiencia oportuna.Métodos: Se revisaron expedientes de niños tratados con EDL humano o bovino entre 1986 y 2000, por infecciones recurrentes o severas sin respuesta a antimicrobianos y con déficit en la respuesta inmune celular. La dosis se ajustó por el porcentaje de poblaciones de linfocitos T. En el seguimiento a cinco años, la respuesta inmune se evaluó por subpoblaciones de linfocitos, intradermorreacción e inhibición de la migración de leucocitos (LIF) a PPD, coccidioidina, varidasa y candidina.Resultados: 150 niños recibieron EDL, edad 7.0 ± 5.9 años. Las indicaciones más frecuentes incluyeron infección respiratoria superior (71 %), respiratoria inferior (43 %), gastrointestinal (15 %), urinaria (15 %), neuroinfección (4 %) y coccidioidomicosis (3 %). Se incrementaron los linfocitos T, el LIF a PPD y varidasa (> 20 %), así como la induración en pruebas de intradermorreacción (p < 0.001). Se resolvieron las infecciones que se presentaron (4 %). No se reportaron efectos adversos.Conclusiones: El uso de EDL mejoró los parámetros inmunológicos y la evolución clínica en niños con déficit inmune celular.
Sensibilidad y especificidad de la prueba epicutánea modificada en el diagnóstico de alergia respiratoria a Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus
Authors: Rosales Alexis , López-García Aída Inés , Rivero-Yeverino Daniela , Arana-Muñoz Oswaldo , Papaqui-Tapia José Sergio , Caballero-López Chrystopherson Gengyny , Ortega-López Lorena , Cruz-Hernández Armando , Ruiz-Márquez Israel Pablo , Valle-Rodríguez Francisco 
Published: April 2019

Antecedentes: La prueba por punción cutánea es el estándar de oro en el diagnóstico específico de alergia.Objetivo: Determinar sensibilidad y especificidad de la prueba epicutánea modificada para el diagnóstico de alergia respiratoria a Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus.Métodos: Estudio observacional, interpretativo, prolectivo y transversal. Se incluyeron pacientes de seis a 49 años de edad, con cuadro clínico de alergia respiratoria, en quienes se realizó punción cutánea con técnica europea y prueba epicutánea con la variante de escarificación previa a la aplicación del antígeno y posterior homogenización del mismo con aplicador de madera. Se calculó sensibilidad, especificidad, influencia de la prevalencia, valores predictivos positivo y negativo.Resultados: Se incluyeron 104 pacientes, 72 (69.2 %) del sexo femenino. La edad fue de 24 ± 11.3 años, 78.9 % tuvo diagnóstico de rinitis alérgica, 1.9 % de asma y 19.2 % de rinitis y asma. La prevalencia de alergia respiratoria a Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus fue de 62.5 %; 94.23 % estaba correctamente diagnosticado. La sensibilidad y especificidad de la prueba fue de 93.85 y 94.87 %, los valores predictivos positivo y negativo de 96.83 y 90.24 % y los cocientes de probabilidades positivo y negativo de 18.30 y 0.91.Conclusiones: La prueba epicutánea modificada fue altamente sensible y específica, disminuyó el riesgo de contaminación por arrastre de alérgenos y los costos en el material utilizado.
Medical students’ perception regarding objective structured clinical examination in Medical College, Chitwan
Authors: Jaiswal Pratima , Mehta Raj Kumar 
Published: April 2019

Background: Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) has been globally recognized as gold standard of performance based assessment that aids in evaluating the clinical competency of medical undergraduate students. Hence, it increases the confidence of students in their learning ability by helping them to identify areas of weakness and gaps in their competencies. This study was conducted to identify perception towards OSCE among medical students.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study design was adopted and a total 173 respondents were selected from MBBS 4th and 5th year of Chitwan Medical College by using probability stratified proportionate random sampling technique. Self-administered questionnaire with 5-point likert scale were used to collect the data. Descriptive and inferential statistics was used to analyze data.
Results: About half of the Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery (MBBS) students had positive perception toward OSCE. There is significant association between the level of perception towards OSCE and year of study (p=0.002), choice of study MBBS (p=0.045) and evidenced based learning (p=0.041).
Conclusions: Thus, optimum emphasis should be given on formulating OSCE guideline and orienting student about it and also organization should create environment to facilitate actual objective structured clinical examination in order to increase positive perception in our context.
Training workshop on performance-based assessment: feedback of the participants faculty
Authors: Piryani Rano Mal , Piryani Suneel 
Published: April 2019

Background: Performance-based assessment (PBA) concentrate on “Does” level of Miller’s Triangle Model of assessment and assess the ability of healthcare professionals to practice safely in different situations and context. It is essential to train faculty members how to conduct PBA.
Methods: One-day training workshop on PBA was organized at Liaquat Uni­versity of Medical & Health Sciences Jamshoro, Sindh Pakistan in November 08, 2017 with objective “participants learn to apply PBA tools in practice”. There were two sessions of training; session one covered basics, levels and tools of assessment and blueprinting for assessment and session two PBA and its tools. Tutorial, brainstorming and activity based small group work were methods utilized for the training. Feedback of the participants was taken on semi-structured questionnaire. Descriptive analysis was done using SPSS.
Results: Twenty-two participants selected from basic, clinical, and dental sciences and nursing faculty. The participants rated workshop on scale of 1-10 (1=poor, 10=excellent) for usefulness of training (8.64 ± 1.62), content of training (8.27 ± 1.52), relevance of training & content (8.59 ± 1.40), facilitation of training (8.77 ± 1.34) and overall (8.77 ± 1.38). After training participants were very confident in developing blueprint for assessment (3.91±0.61), using mini-CEX (3.64±0.58), and confident using DOPS (3.63±0.73), MSF (3.55±0.74) and Portfolio (3.68±0.84). More than one third of the partici­pants recommended to arrange more training workshop on different aspects of medical education.
Conclusions: It was observed from feedback that participants realize the importance of PBA training and stress to have trainings for various aspects of health profession education.
Mineral chemistry of eclogites to investigate the evolutionary metamorphic history of UHP rocks from Tso-Morari region, Ladakh, India
Authors: Rao Rameshwar , Rai Hakim 
Published: April 2019

Micro textures of metabasics from the Tso-Morari region, Ladakh were studied in order to understand the evolutionary metamorphic history of eclogites. The mineral chemistry, paragenesis of mineral inclusions in garnet, and zoning in omphacite, garnet and amphibole suggest three main metamorphic stages: (i) an eclogite stage with late blueschist facies metamorphism, (ii) a medium-pressure amphibolite facies stage, and (iii) a low-pressure amphibolite to greenschist facies stage. The high Si content in phengite, presence of rutile besides almandine-rich garnet and omphacite in eclogites indicate the attainment of high pressures. Also, the textural features and composition of amphiboles indicate that blueschist facies conditions represented by growth of glaucophane at high pressure and low temperature were followed by a lower-pressure stage of metamorphism represented by partial and in some cases complete reaction of glaucophane to calcic green amphibole such as magnesio-hornblende. The relationships define a clock-wise P-T path with the involvement of an isothermal uplift path for the eclogites and associated garnet-amphibolites of Tso-Morari region.
L’absence chez Michel Butor. L’Emploi du temps et Degrés
Authors: Mrozowicki Michał 
Published: April 2019

Michel Butor, born in 1926, one of the leaders of the French New Novel movement, has written only four novels between 1954 and 1960. The most famous of them is La Modification (Second thoughts), published in 1957. The author of the paper analyzes two other Butor’s novels: L’Emploi du temps (Passing time) – 1956, and Degrés (Degrees) – 1960. The theme of absence is crucial in both of them. In the former, the novel, presented as the diary of Jacques Revel, a young Frenchman spending a year in Bleston (a fictitious English city vaguely similar to Manchester), describes the narrator’s struggle to survive in a double – spatial and temporal – labyrinth. The first of them, formed by Bleston’s streets, squares and parks, is symbolized by the City plan. During his one year sojourn in the city, using its plan, Revel learns patiently how to move in its different districts, and in its strange labyrinth – strange because devoid any centre – that at the end stops annoying him. The other, the temporal one, symbolized by the diary itself, the labyrinth of the human memory, discovered by the narrator rather lately, somewhere in the middle of the year passed in Bleston, becomes, by contrast, more and more dense and complex, which is reflected by an increasinly complex narration used to describe the past. However, at the moment Revel is leaving the city, he is still unable to recall and to describe the events of the 29th of February 1952. This gap, this absence, symbolizes his defeat as the narrator, and, in the same time, the human memory’s limits.
In Degrees temporal and spatial structures are also very important. This time round, however, the problems of the narration itself, become predominant. Considered from this point of view, the novel announces Gerard Genette’s work Narrative Discourse and his theoretical discussion of two narratological categories: narrative voice and narrative mode. Having transgressed his narrative competences, Pierre Vernier, the narrator of the first and the second parts of the novel, who, taking as a starting point, a complete account of one hour at school, tries to describe the whole world and various aspects of the human civilization for the benefit of his nephew, Pierre Eller, must fail and disappear, as the narrator, from the third part, which is narrated by another narrator, less audacious and more credible.
Speech Acts Analysis on Teaching and Learning Process Used by the Teacher in MAN 2 Mataram in Academic Year 2016-2017
Authors: Isnaini Yulia 
Published: April 2019

This study was aimed at finding out Speech Acts Analysis on Teaching andLearning Process used by the Teacher in MAN 2 Mataram in Academic year 2016/2017. The method of this research is qualitative research The data of this research were the utterances performed by the Teachers of MAN 2 Mataram. The research instrument was the researcher himself. Participant is the subject from which the data obtained (Arikunto, 2010: 172)The Researcher’s participant actively classification speech act by the Teachers on teaching and learning process.T he instrument of data by using video camera and observation. To analyze the data Based on Louis (2005:181). This study used observation and video recording as an instrument of data collection, the researcher applied coding system. In this research, there are two validity principles applied by the researcher. The results of the research show that there are three classifications of speech act performed by the Teachers in the aching and learning process . The results of the research show that there are three classification of speech act performed by the Teachers in the aching and learning process. they are 4 data of locutionary act , 30 data of Illucotionary act, 7 data of Perlocutionary act . So the total of data were 41 data of speech act are used By the Teachers in MAN 2 Mataram.
Limited importance of EphrinA1–ligand, Src kinase, and focal adhesion kinase in EphA2-mediated regulation of metastasis in Mel-Juso and A375 human melanoma cells
Authors: Neuber Christin , Herwig Nadine , Pietzsch Jens , Belter Birgit 
Published: April 2019

EphA2 receptor tyrosine kinase fulfils various functions in the development of cancers. Here we analyzed how regulation of EphA2 receptor influences metastatic properties in human melanoma cells in vitro and lung metastasis in vivo. Further, we investigated whether the effects are mediated by Src kinase/focal adhesion kinase (FAK) signaling downstream of EphA2. Therefore, as model Mel-Juso and A375 melanoma cell lines showing different intrinsic EphA2 expression levels were used. To regulate EphA2 expression and activity, we used RNA interference, transgenic EphA2 overexpression, and stimulation of EphA2 activity by adding EphrinA1. Adhesion to fibronectin was increased in EphA2-silenced cells and decreased in EphA2-overexpressing cells. Migration and planar motility were unaffected in Mel-Juso cells, but increased in EphA2-silenced A375 cells and decreased in EphA2-overexpressing A375 cells. Adhesion and migration were unaffected by EphrinA1-stimulation, indicating ligand-independent mechanisms. In vivo we detected increased lung metastasis in mice inoculated with EphA2-overexpressing Mel-Juso cells, substantiating the pro-metastatic effects of EphA2 in melanoma. Activity of Src kinase and FAK were unaffected in EphA2-silenced cells and in response to EphrinA1-stimulation. However, in EphA2-overexpressing A375 cells Src phosphorylation was increased, indicating enhanced Src activity. Together, these data suggest that EphA2 receptor promotes malignancy ligand-independently by mechanisms different from Src kinase/FAK signaling.
Spirulina platensis, a super food?
Authors: Jung F. , Krüger-Genge A. , Waldeck P. , Küpper J.-H. 
Published: April 2019

Spirulina platensis, a multicelluar, photosynthetic prokaryote (algae) contains a high amount of proteins, vitamins and minerals superior to many foods as e.g. soybeans. Thus, Spirulina platensis was recognized as nutritious food by the United Nations World Food Conference. Due to the high amount of nutritive ingredients Spirulina has a long history as dietary supplement. In addition, spirulina platensis is also efficiently used as forage with known effects on flesh, egg and plumage color, milk yield and fertility. The versatile utilization of the alga can be explained on the one hand with the nutrient levels and on the other hand with recognized effects as anti-viral, anti-bacterial, anti-oxidant, anti-diabetic, anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory substance. Therefore, this alga is named as “superfood”. Beyond, these algae convert carbon dioxide into organic substances and produce oxygen during their growth in alkaline and saline water thereby not wasting fresh water allowing the production in barren areas. Despite this diverse use of Spirulina platensis due to its beneficial properties, many basic mechanisms on a molecular and cellular level are not well understood and should be explored in future studies.
Erythrocyte aggregation in relation to plasma proteins and lipids
Authors: Krüger-Genge A. , Sternitzky R. , Pindur G. , Rampling M. , Franke R.P. , Jung F. 
Published: April 2019

In static or low-flow conditions erythrocytes form linear or three-dimensional aggregates with characteristic face-to-face morphology, similar to a stack of coins, often called rouleaux formation. This aggregation is reversible and shear dependent (i.e. dispersed at high shear and reformed at low shear or stasis) and caused by a variety of macromolecules present in the blood plasma. The plasma protein fibrinogen is the major plasma component promoting red blood cell (RBC) aggregation in blood, with an almost linear relationship between aggregate size and plasma fibrinogen concentration. However, other plasma proteins are also reported to increase RBC aggregation, e.g. α2-macroglobulin, immunoglobulin M or G. In addition, there is evidence, that plasma lipids like cholesterol or triglyceride may influence the aggregation of erythrocytes. In this study we evaluated whether there is an independent influence of proteins and lipids on the RBC aggregation. Using a regression analysis, we analyzed the correlation between the fibrinogen-, α2-macrogobulin-, immunoglobulin M-, Antithrombin III-, Protein C-, Factor VIII-, total cholesterol- and triglyceride concentration with RBC aggregation in blood samples from 2717 apparently healthy subjects or patients. An univariate analysis showed, that the only variable which correlates on a biologically relevant level is fibrinogen ( r = 0.46). The multiple correlation coefficient corresponded to rmult = 0.589 what indicated that nearly 59% of the variation of the erythrocyte aggregation can be explained by the influencing factors used in this model. This clearly showed that there are additional factors which are involved in the process of erythrocyte aggregation and still are under discussion.
Synergistic effect of coumarine derivatives imperatorin and osthol on 5-fluorourasil cytotoxicity on nonsmall cell lung cancer cells
Authors: Ozturk Ebru , Karaboga Arslan Ayse Kubra , Yerer Mukerrem Betul 
Published: April 2019

BACKGROUND: Imperatorin and osthol, the two coumarin derivatives from Apiacea family, have several anticancer activities. A large body of evidence demonstrates that these two coumarin derivatives regulates apoptosis, proliferation and invasion in different cancer types including ovarian, cervical, colon and prostate cancers as well as chronic myeloid leukemia etc., which are mediated by multiple signal transduction cascades. OBJECTIVE: In present study, the effects of imperatorin and osthol were compared with a known anticancer natural agent curcumin on 5-fluorourasil resistance in A549 cells. METHODS: Imperatorin (100–200 μM), osthol (100–200 μM), curcumin (100 μM) and/or 5-FU (64 μM) were applied on NSCLC cell line A549 and human bronchial epithelial cell line (Beas-2b) after a general concentration screening between 10 nM–1 mM and xCELLigence Real Time Cell Analysis (RTCA) was conducted to evaluate cytotoxic effects. RESULTS: 100 μM curcumin indicated cytotoxic effect in A549 cells and when 5-FU alone did not show cytotoxic activity, it was observed that the cytotoxic effect of curcumin appeared to be similar when combined with 5-FU. 200 μM imperatorin/osthol, when used alone or in combination with 5-FU, showed a stronger cytotoxic effect on both cell lines. CONCLUSIONS: Imperatorin/osthol synergistically increased the efficacy of 5-FU in combination, but the same effect on healthy cells was observed as a limiting factor for future studies.
Hubungan Pola Makan, Aktivitas Fisik dan Riwayat Penyakit Keluarga Terhadap Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2
Authors: Nuraini Holy Yunita , Supriatna Rachmat 
Published: April 2019

Diabetes mellitus tipe 2 adalah diabetes melitus yang tidak tergantung pada insulin dan kebanyakan penderita memiliki kelebihan berat badan. Data studi global menunjukkan bahwa jumlah penderita diabetes melitus pada tahun 2011 telah mencapai 366 juta orang dan diperkirakan akan meningkat menjadi 552 juta pada tahun 2030. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan pola makan, aktivitas fisik dan riwayat penyakit keluarga terhadap penyakit diabetes mellitus tipe 2 di Rumah Sakit Umum Bunda Margonda Depok Tahun 2015. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif dengan desain penelian cross sectional .Metode pengambilan sampel menggunakan tekhnik accidental sampling terhadap 34 orang pasien penyakit dalam di Rumah Sakit Umum Bunda Margonda Depok Tahun 2015. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan berupa kuisioner, dimana jawaban dari kuisioner dianalisa dengan menggunakan uji chi-square yang di olah dengan menggunakan SPSS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa persepsi dari tiga variable yaitu pola makan nilai p-value 0.044 < α (0.05), aktivitas terhadap penyakit diabetes mellitus tipe 2 nilai p-value 0.634 > α (0.05) dan riwayat penyakit keluarga nilai p-value 0.102 > α (0.05), yang mempunyai hubungan terhadap diabetes mellitus tipe 2 adalah variable pola makan. Perlu adanya penyuluhan lebih terhadap masyarakat mengenai pola makan yang baik dan sehat.
Kata kunci : Aktivitas Fisik, Diabetes Mellitus, Pola Makan, Riwayat Penyakit Keluarga