bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The securitisation of dementia: socialities of securitisation on secure dementia care units
Authors: Graham Megan E. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractNearly 50 million people around the world live with dementia, with statistics predicting a steady increase in prevalence for the foreseeable future. There is a need for comprehensive and compassionate dementia care. Long-term care homes have built special care units for people living with middle- to late-stage dementia. Among other services, these care units often use innovative security technologies that monitor and curtail movement beyond unit exit doors. As care-givers and technology developers grapple with the ethical dilemma of autonomy and risk management, researchers are beginning to investigate the social impact of these security technologies. The present research contributes to this line of inquiry. Fieldwork was carried out on two secure long-term care units for people living with dementia. Ethnographic accounts will illustrate how security technology creates socialities of securitisation on a secure dementia unit. Using securitisation theory, I will argue that dementia has been redefined, shifting it from a health issue to a security issue. The discursive construction of dementia as a security issue will be considered in terms of the co-constructed notions of vulnerability, risk, security threat and security challenge with respect to people living with dementia. The paper investigates how securitisation influences the ethics of dementia care.
Estimating Fingertip Forces, Torques, and Local Curvatures from Fingernail Images
Authors: Chen Nutan , Westling Göran , Edin Benoni B. , van der Smagt Patrick 
Published: September 2019

SUMMARYThe study of dexterous manipulation has provided important insights into human sensorimotor control as well as inspiration for manipulation strategies in robotic hands. Previous work focused on experimental environment with restrictions. Here, we describe a method using the deformation and color distribution of the fingernail and its surrounding skin to estimate the fingertip forces, torques, and contact surface curvatures for various objects, including the shape and material of the contact surfaces and the weight of the objects. The proposed method circumvents limitations associated with sensorized objects, gloves, or fixed contact surface type. In addition, compared with previous single finger estimation in an experimental environment, we extend the approach to multiple finger force estimation, which can be used for applications such as human grasping analysis. Four algorithms are used, c.q., Gaussian process, convolutional neural networks, neural networks with fast dropout, and recurrent neural networks with fast dropout, to model a mapping from images to the corresponding labels. The results further show that the proposed method has high accuracy to predict force, torque, and contact surface.
Emerging languages: An alternative approach to teaching programming languages
Authors: PERUGINI SAVERIO 
Published: September 2019

AbstractWe challenge the idea that a course intended to convey principles of languages should be structured according to those principles, and present an alternate approach to teaching a programming language course. The approach involves teaching emerging programming languages. This approach results in a variety of course desiderata including scope for instructor customization; alignment with current trends in language evolution, practice, and research; and congruence with industrial needs. We discuss the rationale for, the course mechanics supporting, and the consequences of this approach.
A NEW SPECIES OF TUBEROUS BEGONIA (BEGONIACEAE) FROM ANDEAN PERU
Authors: Moonlight P. W. , Hollands R. , Cano A. , Purvis D. A. 
Published: September 2019

A striking new species of Begonia, B. joshii, is described from Amazonas Region, Peru. The new species is unusual among the South American members of the genus both in its combination of tuberous habit with peltate leaves and in living in a seasonally dry tropical forest environment. A phylogeny of this and closely related species is presented, and its sectional affiliation and IUCN conservation status are discussed. A key to the peltate Peruvian species of Begonia is provided.
Recommendations from the Association for European Paediatric and Congenital Cardiology for training in pulmonary hypertension
Authors: Sallmon Hannes , Moledina Shahin , Albert Dimpna C. , Beghetti Maurice , Berger Rolf M. F. , Bonnet Damien , Bukova Mila , Koestenberger Martin , Meinel Katharina , Reinhardt Zdenka , Tulloh Robert M. R. , de Wolf Daniel , Hansmann Georg 
Published: September 2019

AbstractPulmonary hypertension is a complex and progressive condition that is either idiopathic or heritable, or associated with one or multiple health conditions, with or without congenital or acquired cardiovascular disease. Recent developments have tremendously increased the armamentarium of diagnostic and therapeutic approaches in children and young adults with pulmonary hypertension that is still associated with a high morbidity and mortality. These modalities include non-invasive imaging, pharmacotherapy, interventional and surgical procedures, and supportive measures. The optimal, tailored diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for pulmonary hypertension in the young are rapidly evolving but still face enormous challenges: Healthcare providers need to take the patient’s age, development, disease state, and family concerns into account when initiating advanced diagnostics and treatment. Therefore, there is a need for guidance on core and advanced medical training in paediatric pulmonary hypertension. The Association for European Paediatric and Congenital Cardiology working group “pulmonary hypertension, heart failure and transplantation” has produced this document as an expert consensus statement; however, all recommendations must be considered and applied in the context of the local and national infrastructure and legal regulations.
Canine vector-borne disease: mapping and the accuracy of forecasting using big data from the veterinary community
Authors: Self Stella C. W. , Liu Yan , Nordone Shila K. , Yabsley Michael J. , Walden Heather S. , Lund Robert B. , Bowman Dwight D. , Carpenter Christopher , McMahan Christopher S. , Gettings Jenna R. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractDiagnosis, treatment, and prevention of vector-borne disease (VBD) in pets is one cornerstone of companion animal practices. Veterinarians are facing new challenges associated with the emergence, reemergence, and rising incidence of VBD, including heartworm disease, Lyme disease, anaplasmosis, and ehrlichiosis. Increases in the observed prevalence of these diseases have been attributed to a multitude of factors, including diagnostic tests with improved sensitivity, expanded annual testing practices, climatologic and ecological changes enhancing vector survival and expansion, emergence or recognition of novel pathogens, and increased movement of pets as travel companions. Veterinarians have the additional responsibility of providing information about zoonotic pathogen transmission from pets, especially to vulnerable human populations: the immunocompromised, children, and the elderly. Hindering efforts to protect pets and people is the dynamic and ever-changing nature of VBD prevalence and distribution. To address this deficit in understanding, the Companion Animal Parasite Council (CAPC) began efforts to annually forecast VBD prevalence in 2011. These forecasts provide veterinarians and pet owners with expected disease prevalence in advance of potential changes. This review summarizes the fidelity of VBD forecasts and illustrates the practical use of CAPC pathogen prevalence maps and forecast data in the practice of veterinary medicine and client education.
Early-life exposures and cardiovascular disease risk among Ghanaian migrant and home populations: the RODAM study
Authors: Boateng Daniel , Danquah Ina , Said-Mohamed Rihlat , Smeeth Liam , Nicolaou Mary , Meeks Karlijn , Beune Erik , Addo Juliet , Bahendeka Silver , Agyei-Baffour Peter , Mockenhaupt Frank P. , Spranger Joachim , Schulze Matthias B. , Grobbee Diederick E. , Agyemang Charles , Klipstein-Grobusch Kerstin 
Published: September 2019

AbstractEarly-life environmental and nutritional exposures are considered to contribute to the differences in cardiovascular disease (CVD) burden. Among sub-Saharan African populations, the association between markers of early-life exposures such as leg length and sitting height and CVD risk is yet to be investigated. This study assessed the association between leg length, sitting height, and estimated 10-year atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk among Ghanaian-born populations in Europe and Ghana. We constructed sex-specific quintiles for sitting height and leg length for 3250 participants aged 40–70 years (mean age 52 years; men 39.6%; women 60.4%) in the cross-sectional multicenter Research on Diabetes and Obesity among African Migrants study. Ten-year risk of ASCVD was estimated using the Pooled Cohort Equations; risk ≥7.5% was defined as “elevated” CVD risk. Prevalence ratios (PR) were estimated to determine the associations between sitting height, leg length, and estimated 10-year ASCVD risk. For both men and women, mean sitting height and leg length were highest in Europe and lowest in rural Ghana. Sitting height was inversely associated with 10-year ASCVD risk among all women (PR for 1 standard deviation increase of sitting height: 0.75; 95% confidence interval: 0.67, 0.85). Among men, an inverse association between sitting height and 10-year ASCVD risk was significant on adjustment for study site, adult, and parental education but attenuated when further adjusted for height. No association was found between leg length and estimated 10-year ASCVD risk. Early-life and childhood exposures that influence sitting height could be the important determinants of ASCVD risk in this adult population.
Cognitive remediation in schizophrenia: the earlier the better?
Authors: Bellani Marcella , Ricciardi Chiara , Rossetti Maria Gloria , Zovetti Niccolò , Perlini Cinzia , Brambilla Paolo 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Impairments in neuro and social cognition are considered core features of schizophrenia (SCZ) since they affect patients' functioning and contribute to poor socio-occupational outcomes. Therefore, the improvement of cognitive performances has become a primary goal in the care of patients with SCZ, especially in the first phases of the disease, as early interventions may favour better long-term outcomes. Cognitive remediation (CR) is a behavioural training aimed at improving cognitive functions with the goal of durability and generalisation in everyday life. Neuroimaging studies suggest that CR leads to neuroplasticity in chronic SCZ, whereas only a few studies tested the neural effects of CR in the early phase of the disease. Thus, in this review, we aimed at summarising CR-induced structural and functional brain changes in early SCZ. Existing evidence showed a protective effect of CR on grey matter volume in selected medial-temporal (i.e. hippocampus, parahippocampus and amygdala) and thalamic regions whereas functional changes affected mostly dorsolateral prefrontal and insular cortices both associated with improvements in cognitive performance and emotion regulation. Overall, CR in early SCZ appears to be associated with neural adaptations mostly allocated in prefrontal and limbic regions, however future longitudinal studies are needed to clarify whether the positive effects of cognitive training persist over time. It may also be interesting to investigate whether the application of CR in the early v. the late stage of the disease may lead to incremental benefits.
Ixazomib–Thalidomide–Dexamethasone for induction therapy followed by Ixazomib maintenance treatment in patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma
Authors: Ludwig Heinz , Poenisch Wolfram , Knop Stefan , Egle Alexander , Schreder Martin , Lechner Daniel , Hajek Roman , Gunsilius Eberhard , Krenosz Karl Jochen , Petzer Andreas , Weisel Katja , Niederwieser Dietger , Einsele Hermann , Willenbacher Wolfgang , Melchardt Thomas , Greil Richard , Zojer Niklas 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackgroundIxazomib-revlimid-dexamethason showed significant activity in relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM). Here, we evaluate ixazomib in combination with thalidomide and dexamethasone for induction treatment followed by ixazomib maintenance therapy in RRMM patients.MethodsNinety patients have been included. Ixazomib–thalidomide–dexamethasone (4 mg, day 1, 8, 15; 100 mg daily; and 40 mg weekly) was scheduled for eight cycles followed by maintenance with ixazomib for one year.ResultsThe overall response rate was 51.1%, 23.3% achieved CR or VGPR and 10% MR resulting in a clinical benefit rate of 61.1%. In patients completing ≥2 cycles, the rates were 60.5%, 27.6% and 68.4%, respectively. Median progression-free survival (PFS) was 8.5 months in all, and 9.4 months in those completing ≥2 cycles. Response rates, PFS and overall survival (OS) were similar in patients with and without t(4;14) and/or del(17p), but PFS and OS was significantly shorter in patients with gain of 1q21. Multivariate regression analysis revealed gain of 1q21 as the most important factor associated with OS. Ixazomib maintenance resulted in an upgrade in the depth of response in 12.4% of patients. Grade 3/4 toxicities were relatively rare.ConclusionsIxazomib–thalidomide–dexamethasone followed by ixazomib maintenance therapy is active and well tolerated in patients with RRMM.Trial registration numberNCT02410694
SEPT9_i1 regulates human breast cancer cell motility through cytoskeletal and RhoA/FAK signaling pathway regulation
Authors: Zeng Yongqiu , Cao Yang , Liu Lan , Zhao Jiao , Zhang Ting , Xiao Lifan , Jia Man , Tian Qiang , Yu Hong , Chen Shaokun , Cai Yansen 
Published: September 2019

AbstractIncreasing cell mobility is the basis of tumor invasion and metastasis, and is therefore a therapeutic target for preventing the spread of many types of cancer. Septins are a family of cytoskeletal proteins with GTPase activity, and play a role in many important cellular functions, including cell migration. SEPT9 isoform 1 protein (SEPT9_i1) has been associated with breast tumor development and the enhancement of cell migration; however, the exact mechanism of how SEPT9_i1 might affect breast cancer progression remains to be elucidated. Here, we report that the expression of SEPT9_i1 positively correlated with paxillin, and both were significantly upregulated in invasive breast cancer tissues of patients with lymph node metastases. Lentivirus-mediated shRNA knockdown of SEPT9 in MCF-7 cells diminished tumor cell migration, focal adhesion (FA) maturation and the expression of β-actin, β-tubulin, Cdc42, RhoA, and Rac, whereas overexpression of SEPT9_i1 in SEPT9-knockdown MCF-7 cells promoted cell migration, FA maturation and relevant protein expression. Furthermore, overexpression of SEPT9_i1 in MCF-7 cells markedly increased FAK/Src/paxillin signaling, at least in part through RhoA/ROCK1 upstream activation. Transcriptome profiling suggested that SEPT9_i1 may directly affect “Focal adhesion” and “Regulation of actin cytoskeleton” signaling mechanisms. Finally, overexpression of SEPT9_i1 markedly enhanced lung metastases in vivo 6 weeks after tumor inoculation. These findings suggest that a mechanism of Septin-9-induced aberrant cancer cell migration is through cytoskeletal regulation and FA modulation, and encourages the use of SEPT9 as novel therapeutic target in the prevention of tumor metastasis.
LIM homeodomain transcription factor Isl1 affects urethral epithelium differentiation and apoptosis via Shh
Authors: Su Tiantian , Liu Hui , Zhang Di , Xu Guojin , Liu Jiali , Evans Sylvia M. , Pan Jirong , Cui Sheng 
Published: September 2019

AbstractUrethral hypoplasia, including failure of urethral tube closure, is one of the common phenotypes observed in hereditary human disorders, the mechanism of which remains unclear. The present study was thus designed to study the expression, functions, and related mechanisms of the LIM homeobox transcription factor Isl1 throughout mouse urethral development. Results showed that Isl1 was highly expressed in urethral epithelial cells and mesenchymal cells of the genital tubercle (GT). Functional studies were carried out by utilizing the tamoxifen-inducible Isl1-knockout mouse model. Histological and morphological results indicated that Isl1 deletion caused urethral hypoplasia and inhibited maturation of the complex urethral epithelium. In addition, we show that Isl1-deleted mice failed to maintain the progenitor cell population required for renewal of urethral epithelium during tubular morphogenesis and exhibited significantly increased cell death within the urethra. Dual-Luciferase reporter assays and yeast one-hybrid assays showed that ISL1 was essential for normal urethral development by directly targeting the Shh gene. Collectively, results presented here demonstrated that Isl1 plays a crucial role in mouse urethral development, thus increasing our potential for understanding the mechanistic basis of hereditary urethral hypoplasia.
Correction: Inhibition of Stat3 signaling pathway by nifuroxazide improves antitumor immunity and impairs colorectal carcinoma metastasis
Authors: Ye Ting-Hong , Yang Fang-Fang , Zhu Yong-Xia , Li Ya-Li , Lei Qian , Song Xue-Jiao , Xia Yong , Xiong Ying , Zhang Li-Dan , Wang Ning-Yu , Zhao Li-Feng , Gou Hong-Feng , Xie Yong-Mei , Yang Sheng-Yong , Yu Luo-Ting , Yang Li , Wei Yu-Quan 
Published: September 2019

Since publication of this article, the authors have noticed that there were errors in Fig. 1b (the CT 26 cells colony formation images) and Fig. 7c (the vehicle group images). As a result of the misfiling of the data during preparation of figures, incorrect images were inadvertently inserted in these figures.An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
The risks of long-term re-injection in supercritical geothermal systems
Authors: Parisio Francesco , Vilarrasa Victor , Wang Wenqing , Kolditz Olaf , Nagel Thomas 
Published: September 2019

AbstractSupercritical geothermal systems are appealing sources of sustainable and carbon-free energy located in volcanic areas. Recent successes in drilling and exploration have opened new possibilities and spiked interest in this technology. Experimental and numerical studies have also confirmed the feasibility of creating fluid conducting fractures in sedimentary and crystalline rocks at high temperature, paving the road towards Enhanced Supercritical Geothermal Systems. Despite their attractiveness, several important questions regarding safe exploitation remain open. We dedicate this manuscript to the first thermo-hydro-mechanical numerical study of a doublet geothermal system in supercritical conditions. Here we show that thermally-induced stress and strain effects dominate the geomechanical response of supercritical systems compared to pore pressure-related instabilities, and greatly enhance seismicity during cold water re-injection. This finding has important consequences in the design of Supercritical Geothermal Systems.
Catalytically inactive Dnmt3b rescues mouse embryonic development by accessory and repressive functions
Authors: Nowialis Pawel , Lopusna Katarina , Opavska Jana , Haney Staci L. , Abraham Ajay , Sheng Peike , Riva Alberto , Natarajan Amarnath , Guryanova Olga , Simpson Melanie , Hlady Ryan , Xie Mingyi , Opavsky Rene 
Published: September 2019

AbstractDNA methylation regulates gene expression in a variety of processes, including mouse embryonic development. Four catalytically active enzymes function in mice as DNA methyltransferases (Dnmts) and as transcriptional regulators. Inactivation of Dnmt3b results in mouse embryonic lethality, but which activities are involved is unclear. Here we show that catalytically inactive Dnmt3b restores a majority of methylation and expression changes deregulated in the absence of Dnmt3b, and as a result, mice survive embryonic development. Thus, Dnmt3b functions as an accessory cofactor supporting catalytic activities performed by other Dnmts. We further demonstrate that Dnmt3b is linked to a control of major developmental pathways, including Wnt and hedgehog signaling. Dnmt3b directly represses Wnt9b whose aberrant up-regulation contributes to embryonic lethality of Dnmt3b knockout embryos. Our results highlight that Dnmt3b is a multifaceted protein that serves as an enzyme, an accessory factor for other methyltransferases, and as a transcriptional repressor in mouse embryogenesis.
NLRP3 inflammasome in fibroblasts links tissue damage with inflammation in breast cancer progression and metastasis
Authors: Ershaid Nour , Sharon Yoray , Doron Hila , Raz Yael , Shani Ophir , Cohen Noam , Monteran Lea , Leider-Trejo Leonor , Ben-Shmuel Amir , Yassin Muhammad , Gerlic Motti , Ben-Baruch Adit , Pasmanik-Chor Metsada , Apte Roni , Erez Neta 
Published: September 2019

AbstractCancer-Associated Fibroblasts (CAFs) were shown to orchestrate tumour-promoting inflammation in multiple malignancies, including breast cancer. However, the molecular pathways that govern the inflammatory role of CAFs are poorly characterised. In this study we found that fibroblasts sense damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), and in response activate the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway, resulting in instigation of pro-inflammatory signalling and secretion of IL-1β. This upregulation was evident in CAFs in mouse and in human breast carcinomas. Moreover, CAF-derived inflammasome signalling facilitated tumour growth and metastasis, which was attenuated when NLRP3 or IL-1β were specifically ablated. Functionally, CAF-derived inflammasome promoted tumour progression and metastasis by modulating the tumour microenvironment towards an immune suppressive milieu and by upregulating the expression of adhesion molecules on endothelial cells. Our findings elucidate a mechanism by which CAFs promote breast cancer progression and metastasis, by linking the physiological tissue damage response of fibroblasts with tumour-promoting inflammation.
Surface-kinetics mediated mesoporous multipods for enhanced bacterial adhesion and inhibition
Authors: Zhao Tiancong , Chen Liang , Wang Peiyuan , Li Benhao , Lin Runfeng , Abdulkareem Al-Khalaf Areej , Hozzein Wael N. , Zhang Fan , Li Xiaomin , Zhao Dongyuan 
Published: September 2019

AbstractDespite the importance of nanoparticle’s multipods topology in multivalent-interactions enhanced nano-bio interactions, the precise manipulation of multipods surface topological structures is still a great challenge. Herein, the surface-kinetics mediated multi-site nucleation strategy is demonstrated for the fabrication of mesoporous multipods with precisely tunable surface topological structures. Tribulus-like tetra-pods Fe3O4@SiO2@RF&PMOs (RF = resorcinol-formaldehyde resin, PMO = periodic mesoporous organosilica) nanocomposites have successfully been fabricated with a centering core@shell Fe3O4@SiO2@RF nanoparticle, and four surrounding PMO nanocubes as pods. By manipulating the number of nucleation sites through mediating surface kinetics, a series of multipods mesoporous nanocomposites with precisely controllable surface topological structures are formed, including Janus with only one pod, nearly plane distributed dual-pods and tri-pods, three-dimensional tetrahedral structured tetra-pods, etc. The multipods topology endows the mesoporous nanocomposites enhanced bacteria adhesion ability. Particularly, the tribulus-like tetra-pods mesoporous nanoparticles show ~100% bacteria segregation and long-term inhibition over 90% after antibiotic loading.