bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Signature of immune-related metabolic genes predicts the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Zhuo Weibin , Xia Hongmei , Lan Bin , Chen Yu , Wang Xuefeng , Liu Jingfeng 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionThe majority of liver cancer cases (90%) are attributed to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), which exhibits significant heterogeneity and an unfavorable prognosis. Modulating the immune response and metabolic processes play a crucial role in both the prevention and treatment of HCC. However, there is still a lack of comprehensive understanding regarding the immune-related metabolic genes that can accurately reflect the prognosis of HCC.MethodsIn order to address this issue, we developed a prognostic prediction model based on immune and metabolic genes. To evaluate the accuracy of our model, we performed survival analyses including Kaplan-Meier (K-M) curve and time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Furthermore, we compared the predictive performance of our risk model with existing models. Finally, we validated the accuracy of our risk model using mouse models with in situ transplanted liver cancer.ResultsBy conducting lasso regression analysis, we identified four independent prognostic genes: fatty acid binding protein 6 (FABP6), phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate amidotransferase (PPAT), spermine synthase (SMS), and dihydrodiol dehydrogenase (DHDH). Based on these findings, we constructed a prognostic model. Survival analysis revealed that the high-risk group had significantly lower overall survival (OS) rates. Besides that, the ROC curve demonstrated the effective prognostic capability of our risk model for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. Furthermore, through animal experiments, we validated the accuracy of our model by showing a correlation between high-risk scores and poor prognosis in tumor development.DiscussionIn conclusion, our prognostic model surpasses those solely based on immune genes or metabolic genes in terms of accuracy. We observed variations in prognosis among different risk groups, accompanied by distinct immune and metabolic characteristics. Therefore, our model provides an original evaluation index for personalized clinical treatment strategies targeting HCC patients.
Tracking control strategy of tendon driven robotic arm under adaptive neural network
Authors: Feng Dapeng , Yu Feng 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionWith the rapid optimization and evolution of various neural networks, the control problem of robotic arms in the area of automation control has gradually received more attention.MethodsTo improve the control performance of robotic arms under complex dynamic models, this study proposes an adaptive affective radial basis function network control strategy. Firstly, the kinematic and dynamic mathematical models of the tendon driven robotic arm are constructed. Then, by integrating the affective computing model and the radial basis function network, an adaptive affective radial basis function network control algorithm is constructed.Results and DiscussionThe research results indicate that the designed algorithm significantly outperforms the other two compared algorithms in terms of control accuracy and stability. In benchmark performance testing, the designed algorithm has a error accuracy of up to 0.97 and a steady state of up to 0.95. In the simulation results, the maximum torque change of the designed algorithm is only 3.8 Nm, which is much lower than other algorithms. In addition, the control error fluctuation range of this algorithm is between −0.001 and 0.001, almost close to zero error. This study provides a new optimization strategy for precise control of tendon driven robotic arms, and also opens up new avenues for the application of artificial intelligence technology in complex nonlinear system control.
A nonlinear relationship between alcohol consumption and cognitive function in elderly people: a population-based study from NHANES 2011–2014
Authors: Chen Kaiqi , Li Yunhua , Yue Rui , Jin Zhao , Cui Shikui , Zhang Xijian , Zhu Danping , Li Qihui 
Published: November 2024

ObjectiveThis study aims to explore the association between alcohol intake and cognitive function in elderly Americans, including potential nonlinear relationships and interactions across different subgroups.MethodsThe study analyzed data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2011 to 2014. The sample included 2,675 Americans aged 60 or older. Multivariate regression analysis was used to evaluate the relationship between alcohol intake and cognitive function. Smooth curve fitting and threshold effect analysis were employed to explore potential nonlinear relationships. Subgroup analyses were conducted to examine the stability of the results across different subgroups.ResultsThe results indicate a significant negative correlation between alcohol intake and cognitive function. In the CERAD total word recall test, for every unit increase in alcohol intake, the score decreased by 0.15 points (−0.15, 95% CI: −0.25, −0.04), and in the CERAD delayed recall test, it decreased by 0.07 points (−0.07, 95% CI: −0.12, −0.01). Compared to Non-Heavy Drinkers, Heavy Drinkers showed a reduction in their CERAD total word recall scores by-0.77 points (−0.77, 95% CI: −1.23, −0.32) and in their CERAD delayed recall scores by-0.28 points (−0.28, 95% CI: −0.52, −0.04). Smooth curve fitting analysis revealed a nonlinear relationship between alcohol intake and cognitive function, with breakpoints at 10.7 for the CERAD total word recall test, 4.7 for the Animal fluency test, and 3.85 for the Digit symbol substitution test. Additionally, subgroup analysis indicated that gender, educational level, and smoking status significantly moderated the relationship between alcohol intake and cognitive function, while marital status, race, hypertension, diabetes, and cancer status showed no significant interactions.ConclusionThe association between alcohol intake and cognitive function in the elderly is complex, influenced by both the amount of intake and individual subgroup characteristics.
Dancing robots: aesthetic engagement is shaped by stimulus and knowledge cues to human animacy
Authors: Darda Kohinoor M. , Maiwald Aaron , Raghuram Tanvi , Cross Emily S. 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionArtificial intelligence (AI) and robots are increasingly shaping the aesthetic preferences of art consumers, influencing how they perceive and engage with artistic works. This development raises various questions: do cues to the humanness of the origin of an artwork or artist influence our aesthetic preferences?.MethodsAcross two experiments, we investigated how the perception and appreciation of dance is influenced by cues to human animacy. We manipulated Agent Form (human-like or robot-like dancer), Belief about Movement Source (human motion capture or computer animation), Source of Choreography (human- or computer-generated), and Belief about Choreography Source (believed to be human- or computer-generated).ResultsResults pointed toward agent congruence: In Experiment 1, robot agents were preferred when the movement source was believed to be computer animation. In Experiment 2, robot agents were preferred when the choreography was believed to be computer-generated, while choreographies believed to be human-generated were generally preferred. Participants could not accurately identify the actual source of choreography. These results persisted beyond the effects of age, dance expertise, technological expertise, attitudes toward AI, and perceived familiarity, complexity, evocativeness, technical competence, or reproducibility of the dance. Dance expertise, technological expertise, and attitudes toward AI independently impacted aesthetic judgments.DiscussionThese findings provide insights into the design of robotic dance, highlighting features of dance choreography and audience characteristics that influence aesthetic engagement. To enhance AI-driven creative productions, shaping perceptions will be crucial for better audience reception and engagement.
Alkaline phosphatase is associated with vascular depression in patients with severe white matter hyperintensities
Authors: Tao Xi , Yin Yuqi , Zhang Yi , Yang Chen , Wu Siyuan , Tang Wenjing , Li Chen , Song Tao , He Juan 
Published: November 2024

Background and purposeCerebrovascular disease (CVD) poses a substantial risk for depression. Elevated levels of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) serve not only as an independent predictive factor for acute cerebrovascular events and unfavorable prognoses but also as a significant predictor of depression in premenopausal women. Nevertheless, the association between elevated ALP levels and vascular depression (VDe) in patients presenting with white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) remains unclear.MethodIn a cross-sectional survey, 265 individuals diagnosed with CVD were incorporated. Baseline demographic information, fasting blood parameters, and MRI data were systematically gathered for analysis. All patients were divided into a severe WMHs (sWMHs) group and a mild WMHs (mWMHs) group based on their Fazekas score. Univariate analysis of potential variables among different subgroups of patients with scores of Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAMD) was performed. Subsequently, the diagnostic effectiveness of multivariables for positive VDe within two WMHs groups was assessed using binary logistic regression. The diagnostic capability of the multivariate approach for VDe was further scrutinized through ordinal logistic regression.Results(1) Hypersensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP, p = 0.031), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C, p = 0.038), apolipoprotein A1 (APOA1, p = 0.009), and ALP (p = 0.011) exhibited distinct expression in patients with mWMHs across varying HAMD scores. In contrast, erythrocyte counts (p = 0.024), hemoglobin (Hb, p = 0.011), hs-CRP (p = 0.002), and ALP (p = 0.021) displayed differential expression in patients with sWMHs across different HAMD scores. (2) ALP and hs-CRP combined with APOA1 or Hb can improve the diagnostic efficiency of positive VDe in sWMHs [AUC = 0.849, 95% CI (0.753, 0.946), p &lt; 0.001] or mWMHs [AUC = 0.718, 95% CI (0.603, 0.834), p = 0.002] patients, respectively. (3) Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) [OR = 1.016, 95% CI (1.003, 1.028), p = 0.016] is correlated with VDe in patients with sWMHs, a relationship that persisted even following adjustments for age and sex.ConclusionThe amalgamation of multiple markers enhances the diagnostic efficacy of VDe through WMHs classification. Serum ALP is associated with VDe in sWMHs patients.
Radiomic features of PET/CT imaging of large B cell lymphoma lesions predicts CAR T cell therapy efficacy
Authors: Balagurunathan Yoganand , Wei Zhouping , Qi Jin , Thompson Zachary , Dean Erin , Lu Hong , Vardhanabhuti Saran , Corallo Salvatore , Choi Jung W. , Kim Jenny J. , Mattie Mike , Jain Michael , Locke Frederick L. 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundRelapsed and refractory Diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) can be successfully treated with axicabtagene ciloleucel (axi-cel), a CD19-directed autologous chimeric antigen receptor T cell (CAR-T) therapy. Diagnostic image-based features could help identify the patients who would clinically respond to this advanced immunotherapy.PurposeThe aim of this study was to establish a radiomic image feature-based signature derived from positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT), including metabolic tumor burden, which can predict a durable response to CAR-T therapy in refractory/relapsed DLBCL.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective review of 155 patients with relapsed/refractory DLBCL treated with axi-cel CAR-T therapy. The patients’ disease involvement was evaluated based on nodal or extranodal sites. A sub-cohort of these patients with at least one nodal lesion (n=124) was assessed, while an overlapping sub-cohort (n=94) had at least one extranodal lesion. The lesion regions were characterized using 306 quantitative imaging metrics for PET images and CT images independently. Principal component (PC) analysis was performed to reduce the dimensionality in feature-based functional categories: size (n=38), shape (n=9), and texture (n=259). The selected features were used to build prediction models for survival at 1 year and tested for prognosis to overall/progression-free survival (OS/PFS) using a Kaplan-Meier (KM) plot.ResultsThe Shape-based PC features of the largest extranodal lesion on PET were predictive of 1-year survival (AUC 0.68 [0.43,0.94]) and prognostic of OS/PFS (p&lt;0.018). Metabolic tumor volume (MTV) was an independent predictor with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.74 [0.58, 0.87]. Combining these features improved the predictor performance (AUC of 0.78 [0.7, 0.87]). Additionally, the Shape-based PC features were unrelated to total MTV (Spearman’s ρ of 0.359, p≤ 0.001).ConclusionOur study found that shape-based radiomic features on PET imaging were predictive of treatment outcome (1-year survival) and prognostic of overall survival. We also found non-size-based radiomic predictors that had comparable performance to MTV and provided complementary information to improve the predictability of treatment outcomes.
Cannabis combined with oxycodone for pain relief in fibromyalgia pain: a randomized clinical self-titration trial with focus on adverse events
Authors: van Dam Cornelis Jan , Kramers Cornelis , Schellekens Arnt , Bouvy Marcel , van Dorp Eveline , Kowal Mikael A. , Olofsen Erik , Dahan Albert , Niesters Marieke , van Velzen Monique 
Published: November 2024

ObjectivesWe determined whether adding cannabis to oxycodone for chronic non-cancer pain management could reduce treatment-related adverse effects (AEs) while maintaining effective analgesia.MethodsIn this open-label study, fibromyalgia patients aged ≥18 years were randomized to receive 5 mg oxycodone tablets (max. four times/day), 150 mg of inhaled cannabis containing 6.3% Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol and 8% cannabidiol (max. times inhalation sessions/day), or a combination of both for 6 weeks. The primary endpoint was treatment-related adverse events, assessed using a 10-point composite adverse event (cAE) score; additionally, we recorded daily reported pain relief and daily tablet and cannabis consumption.ResultsIn total, 23 patients were treated with oxycodone, 29 with cannabis, and 29 with the oxycodone/cannabis combination. Three patients from the oxycodone group (13%) and 18 patients from the cannabis groups (31%, 9 in each group) withdrew from the trial within 2–3 weeks because of the severity of AEs. There were no differences in treatment-related cAE scores among the three groups that completed the study (p = 0.70). The analgesic responder rate showed a ≥1- point reduction in pain in 50% and a ≥2-point reduction in 20% of patients, while 50% of patients experienced no treatment benefit. The combination treatment reduced oxycodone tablet consumption by 35% (p = 0.02), but it did not affect the number of cannabis inhalation sessions.ConclusionsCannabis combined with oxycodone offered no advantage over either treatment alone, except for a reduction in opioid tablet intake; however, the overall drug load was the highest in the combination group. Moreover, cannabis was poorly tolerated and led to treatment discontinuation in one-third of participants treated with cannabis.Clinical Trial RegistrationThe trial was registered at the WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (trialsearch.who.int) on July 26, 2019, identifier NL7902.
The heat of longevity: sex differences in lifespan and body temperature
Authors: Ruocco Chiara , Ragni Maurizio , Nisoli Enzo 
Published: November 2024

Dietary restriction (DR) has long been recognized as a powerful intervention for extending lifespan and improving metabolic health across species. In laboratory animals, DR—typically a 30%–40% reduction in caloric intake—delays aging and enhances mitochondrial function, oxidative defense, and anti-inflammatory pathways. In humans, findings from the CALERIE™ trial confirm DR’s potential benefits, with a 25% caloric reduction over 2 years resulting in reduced visceral fat, improved cardiometabolic health, and favorable gene expression changes linked to proteostasis, DNA repair, and inflammation. However, recent research in genetically diverse mouse populations reveals that the impact of DR on lifespan is substantially modulated by genetic background, underscoring the importance of individual variability. Additionally, emerging evidence challenges previous assumptions that lower body temperature universally benefits lifespan extension, with data indicating complex relationships between thermoregulation, sex, and longevity. These findings underscore the need for nuanced approaches to DR in both research and potential therapeutic applications, with considerations for genetic and sex-specific factors to maximize healthspan and lifespan outcomes.
Physiological and ecological responses of flue-cured tobacco to field chilling stress: insights from metabolomics and proteomics
Authors: Gu Kaiyuan , Li Xinkai , Su Jiaen , Chen Yi , Yang Chengwei , Li Juan , He Chenggang , Hu Binbin , Zou Congming 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionCurrently, research on tobacco's response to chilling stress is mostly limited to laboratory simulations, where temperature is controlled to study physiological and molecular responses. However, laboratory conditions cannot fully replicate the complex environment of field chilling stress, so conducting research under field conditions is crucial for understanding the multi-level adaptive mechanisms of tobacco to chilling stress in natural environments.MethodsThis study aims to use field trials, starting from physiological responses, combined with proteomics and untargeted metabolomics, to systematically reveal the physiological and biochemical characteristics and key molecular mechanisms of tobacco leaves under chilling stress. It provides new insights into tobacco's adaptation strategies under chilling stress.ResultsThe results showed that (1) chilling stress damages the appearance of tobacco leaves, reduces the chlorophyll content, increases H2O2 and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in cold-injured tobacco leaves, and damages the plasma membrane system. Although catalase (CAT) activity increases to cope with the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), the activities of key antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) significantly decrease, indicating that the antioxidant system of tobacco leaves fails in environments with sudden temperature drops. (2) Proteomics analysis indicated that 410 differentially expressed proteins were identified in cold-stressed tobacco leaves, with 176 upregulated and 234 downregulated. Tobacco leaves under chilling stress attempt to maintain energy supply and physiological stability by enhancing glycolysis, starch, and sucrose metabolism pathways. Concurrently, chilling stress triggers the expression of proteins related to cell wall reinforcement and antioxidant defense. However, due to impaired ribosomal function, protein synthesis is significantly inhibited, which aggravates damage to photosynthesis and cellular functions. (3) Metabolomics analysis revealed that the differential metabolites in cold-stressed tobacco leaves were mainly enriched in tyrosine metabolism, isoquinoline alkaloid biosynthesis, and fatty acid degradation pathways. This indicates that under chilling stress, tobacco leaves enhance adaptability by regulating energy metabolism, increasing antioxidant capacity, and stabilizing cell membrane structure.ConclusionsTherefore, under chilling stress, tobacco leaves exhibit complex physiological adaptability through multiple regulatory mechanisms involving proteins and metabolites. The research results provide important insights into the metabolic regulatory mechanisms of tobacco in response to extreme environments and also enhance the theoretical foundation for addressing low-temperature stress in practical production.
Effects of positive education intervention on growth mindset and resilience among boarding middle school adolescents in China: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Jianping Gao , Roslan Samsilah , Soh Kim Geok , Zaremohzzabieh Zeinab 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionThe impact of a growth mindset and resilience on boarding middle school adolescents has received increasing attention from scholars. Nevertheless, research on how to intervene in the growth mindset, and resilience of boarding school adolescents needs further verification. The purpose of this study is to explore whether positive education intervention based on the PERMA (positive emotions, engagement, relationships, meaning, and achievement) model will help Chinese boarding middle school adolescents improve their growth mindset and resilience.MethodsThis study is a randomized controlled trial with both a control group and an experimental group, including pre-tests and post-tests. The study subjects were 167 adolescents, including 84 (n1 = 84) adolescents in the experimental group and 83 (n2 = 83) adolescents in the control group.ResultsThe results showed that adolescents under the intervention condition reported significantly improved growth mindset and resilience.DiscussionCompared with the control group, resilience significantly increased. These findings indicate that positive educational intervention is a promising approach to improve boarding adolescents ‘growth mindset and resilience.
Loss of empathy in stroke
Authors: Tang Wai Kwong , Hui Edward , Leung Thomas Wai Hong 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundLoss of empathy (LoE) is common among stroke survivors, yet often undiagnosed and thus untreated. LoE is related to the loss of a caring marital relationship, higher care burden and poorer quality of life in carers. The present study will evaluate the clinical and MRI correlates of LoE in a cohort of stroke survivors. The secondary objective is to describe the 12-month course of LoE.MethodsThe current study is a prospective cohort study. We will recruit 246 subjects. Subjects and carers will receive a detailed assessment at a research clinic at 3, 9, and 15 months after stroke onset (T1/T2/T3). The Chinese version of the Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI), a 28-item personality assessment tool, will be completed by a carer for each subject. LoE is defined as an IRI total score of 39 or less. Patients will be examined by MRI including diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) within 1 week after the onset of stroke. A stepwise logistic regression will be performed to assess the importance of lesions in the regions of interest. To examine the predictors of LoE remission, the demographic, clinical and MRI variables of remitters and non-remitters at T2/T3 will be examined by logistic regression.DiscussionThis project will be the first longitudinal study on LoE in stroke survivors. The results will shed light on the association between prefrontal cortex and subcortical lesions and LoE risk, symptom severity and outcome. The findings will provide data to advance our understanding of the pathogenesis and clinical course of LoE in stroke as well as other neurological conditions. They are thus likely to be applicable to the large population of neurological patients at risk of LoE and should also stimulate further research in this field.