bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Centralizers of irreducible subgroups in the projective linear group
Authors: Guérin Clément 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
In this paper, we classify conjugacy classes of centralizers of irreducible subgroups in

PGL
⁢

(
n
,
ℂ
)

{\mathrm{PGL}(n,\mathbb{C})}

using alternate modules. When n is square-free, we prove that these conjugacy classes are classified by their isomorphism classes. More generally, we define a finite graph related to this classification whose combinatorial properties are expected to help describe the stratification of the bad locus of some character varieties.
Semi-free subgroups of a profinite surface group
Authors: Ginzburg Matan , Shusterman Mark 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
We show that every closed normal subgroup of infinite index in a profinite surface group Γ is contained in a semi-free profinite normal subgroup of Γ. This answers a question of Bary-Soroker, Stevenson, and Zalesskii
Improved Ni and Cd Rejection in Cellulose Acetate Mixed Matrix Membranes Coated with PVA/Fe3O4
Authors: Nouri Mohammad , Marjani Azam , Tajdari Majid , Heidary Farhad , Salimi Mahmoud 
Published: June 2018

AbstractA series of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/Fe3O4-coated cellulose acetate mixed matrix membranes were analyzed for Cd and Ni removal, both experimentally and theoretically. The effect of the coating layer on the metal ion rejection performance was investigated using molecular modeling approaches. Lower energy requirements for the detachment of ions from the coating layer were calculated. Our results imply that the coating layer interacts with metal ions to a much lower extent than the substrate layer does. Smaller mean square displacement data were calculated in the coating layer than in the substrate layer, which indicates a lower diffusivity of ions in the coating layer. This in turn shows the coating layer efficiently prevents ion transfer and provides higher retention/rejection. We conclude that applying a coating layer with lower Fe3O4 content would enhance the ion rejection performance of cellulose acetate mixed matrix membranes. The addition of Fe3O4 particles increases the number of active sites and the surface area, while a high content of these particles must be avoided as they may surround functional groups of polymer chains and also increase the porosity, which decreases the rejection performance of membranes.
Crystal structure of 1-heptylpyridazin-1-ium iodide, C11H19N2I
Authors: Said Musa A. , Aouad Mohamed R. , Almutairi Saud M. , Hughes David L. , Messali Mouslim 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
C11H19N2I, triclinic, P1̄ (no. 2), a = 5.7074(3) Å, b = 8.9811(5) Å, c = 14.4312(8) Å, α = 100.989(4)°, β = 94.768(4)°, γ = 97.327(4)°, V = 715.83(7) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt(F) = 0.0386, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0913, T = 295(2) K.
Renewable building blocks for polyurethanes
Authors: Neff Raymond , Gajewski Agnieszka 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
For the past 60+ years, polyurethane chemistry has been used to make a wide variety of everyday consumer products such as mattresses, automotive interior parts and foam insulation. Today, the vast majority of polyurethane products are made entirely from petroleum. Although polyols made from natural oils have made inroads during the past decade, cost and performance, as well as the presence of a large-scale established infrastructure around petroleum-based materials, remain as barriers to significant market penetration. Promising new developments such as sugar-derived raw materials have the potential to shift the balance of cost and performance, but they are at an early stage. While not a comprehensive review of the large volume of academic literature on renewable polyurethane chemistry, this article discusses several routes to renewable, commercially viable building blocks for polyurethanes, considering both established and emerging technology.
Präventionsgesetz 2015 – Herausforderungen der Umsetzung
Authors: Rosenbrock Rolf 
Published: June 2018

Zusammenfassung
Das 2016 in Kraft getretene Präventionsgesetz verlangt, dass die GKV ca. 60% der insgesamt erhöhten Ressourcen für partizipative Interventionen in Betrieben und anderen Settings einsetzt. Obwohl keine gründliche Evaluation vorliegt, verweisen Zahlen und Praxisberichte auf zwei wesentliche Entwicklungsprobleme: (1) Die Setting-Interventionen erfüllen häufig nicht die Kriterien der Strukturbildung und der Partizipation. (2) Der für den Erfolg notwendigen Kooperation zwischen den Kassen sowie mit Trägern der Lebenswelten stehen überkommene Routinen und Fehlanreize entgegen.
Qualitätsentwicklung in Prävention und Gesundheitsförderung
Authors: Kolip Petra 
Published: June 2018

Zusammenfassung
Derzeit existiert noch keine allgemeingültige Qualitätsdefinition, wie auch ein gemeinsamer Qualitätsrahmen für die Gesundheitsförderung noch erarbeitet werden muss. Konsens herrscht aber darüber, dass vier Dimensionen die Qualität in Gesundheitsförderung und Prävention ausmachen: Planungs-, Struktur-, Prozess- und Ergebnisqualität. In den vergangenen Jahren wurden zahlreiche Instrumente und Verfahren entwickelt, um Praktikerinnen und Praktiker zu befähigen, die Qualität ihrer Angebote zu verbessern.
Gesundheitsförderung für Ältere im Stadtteil
Authors: Kühnemund Christina , Kümpers Susanne 
Published: June 2018

ZusammenfassungGesundheitsförderung für ältere Menschen im Stadtteil/Wohnquartier gewinnt zunehmend an Bedeutung. Kommunen und lokale Akteure können mit settingbezogenen Ansätzen auf vielfältige Weise mit dazu beitragen, dass Menschen im Stadtteil/Quartier gesund älter werden. Dies zeigen Forschungsergebnisse und Praxisbeispiele.
Gesundheitsförderung für Bewohnerinnen und Bewohner in der stationären Pflege
Authors: Blättner Beate 
Published: June 2018

Zusammenfassung
Mit dem 2015 verabschiedeten Präventionsgesetz sind Pflegekassen weitere Akteure der Gesundheitsförderung in Deutschland geworden. Sie sollen partizipative Prozesse der gesundheitsfördernden Organisationsentwicklung unterstützen, von denen Bewohnerinnen und Bewohner von Pflegeheimen profitieren können. Ein „Leitfaden Prävention in der stationären Pflege“ wurde vom GKV-Spitzenverband 2016 veröffentlicht und wird gerade überarbeitet. Die leistungsrechtlichen Regelungen führen zu einigen konzeptionellen Herausforderungen.
Ideenwettbewerb für Gesundheitsförderung und Prävention in stationären Pflegeeinrichtungen – welche Handlungsfelder werden bedient?
Authors: Brandes Iris , Castedello Udo 
Published: June 2018

Zusammenfassung
Die Auslobung eines niederschwelligen Ideenwettbewerbs zielte auf die Gewinnung von Best- und Good-Practice-Konzepten der Gesundheitsförderung und Prävention als Transferoptionen in andere Pflegeeinrichtungen. Die Auswertung der vielen eingegangenen Ideenbeschreibungen zeigt einen möglichen weiteren Beratungs- und Unterstützungsbedarf der Einrichtungen bei den Handlungsfeldern Ernährung und Gewalt.
Prävention in der Arbeits- und Betriebsmedizin – Die Rolle des Betriebsarztes im betrieblichen Gesundheitsmanagement
Authors: Fischmann Wolfgang , Amler Nadja , Drexler Hans 
Published: June 2018

Zusammenfassung
Seit einigen Jahren haben die Themen Betriebliche Gesundheitsförderung (BGF) und Betriebliches Gesundheitsmanagement (BGM) bei Arbeitgebern zunehmend an Bedeutung gewonnen. Doch wer nimmt sich dieser Aufgabenfelder eigentlich an? Aufgrund seines medizinischen Fachwissens erscheint der Arbeitsmediziner geradezu prädestiniert für diese Aufgabe. Die Praxis zeigt jedoch, dass dies nur selten der Fall ist und auch nicht unbedingt gewünscht wird. Nichtsdestotrotz erscheint eine konstruktive Zusammenarbeit mit dem Betriebsarzt bzw. das Einholen arbeitsmedizinischer Expertise in den Bereichen BGF und BGM äußerst sinnvoll.
Bewegungsfreundliche Kommune am Beispiel der Gesundheitsregionenplus in Bayern
Authors: Bödeker Malte , Bucksch Jens 
Published: June 2018

Zusammenfassung
In den bayerischen Gesundheitsregionenplus werden lokale Akteure der Gesundheitsförderung und -versorgung sowohl untereinander als auch mit angrenzenden Kommunalressorts und Politikfeldern vernetzt, um Maßnahmen in unterschiedlichen Settings zu koordinieren und integrierte kommunale Gesundheitsstrategien zu entwickeln. In der bewegungsfreundlichen Kommunalentwicklung kommt dieser ressortübergreifenden Kooperation eine Schlüsselrolle zu.
Interkulturelle Gesundheitsförderung bei Migrantinnen – Ärztliche Aufklärung, Information und Beratung mit Schwerpunkt sexuelle und reproduktive Gesundheit
Authors: Klapp Christine , Fries Julia , Kramer Heike , Mais Andrea 
Published: June 2018

ZusammenfassungFrauen mit Migrationshintergrund haben viele Fragen zum Thema Körper und Gesundheit. Sie sind besonders interessiert an sexueller und reproduktiver Gesundheit, oft kombiniert mit allgemeinärztlichen Themen wie Diabetes, Adipositas und Krebsprävention. Den eigenen Körper kennen, schätzen und schützen lernen und dieses Wissen generationenübergreifend in die Familie zu geben, ist das Ziel der präventiven Gespräche, die von der Ärztlichen Gesellschaft zur Gesundheitsförderung, www.aeggf.de angeboten werden und sich insbesondere an Migrantinnen richten.
Präventionsberichterstattung: Aktuelle Entwicklungen, zukünftige Aufgaben
Authors: Jordan Susanne , Diederichs Claudia , Perlitz Hanna , Wienecke Antje , Ziese Thomas , Starker Anne 
Published: June 2018

Zusammenfassung
Die Präventionsberichterstattung (PBE) dient der datenbasierten Bedarfsermittlung von Prävention und Gesundheitsförderung (PGF) und der Beobachtung von Präventionsmaßnahmen. Die Komplexität von PGF erfordert Daten, welche die Gesundheit der Bevölkerung, Risiko- und Schutzfaktoren, Verhalten und Verhältnisse sowie Art, Verbreitung und die Qualitätsaspekte von PGF abbilden. Die PBE ist in Deutschland in Bund und Ländern im Aufbau und hat durch das Präventionsgesetz einen wichtigen Impuls erhalten.
Das Rezept für Bewegung als Maßnahme ärztlicher Prävention
Authors: Loss Julika , Sauter Alexandra , Curbach Janina 
Published: June 2018

ZusammenfassungÄrztliche Empfehlungen können Patienten motivieren, sich mehr körperlich zu bewegen. Um die Verbindlichkeit von Empfehlungen zu erhöhen, existieren in vielen Ländern Programme, die Rezepte für Bewegung oder Überweisungen in Sportangebote beinhalten. Auch in vielen deutschen Bundesländern gibt es das „Rezept für Bewegung“, mit dem Ärzte ihre Patienten an lokale Gesundheitssport-Angebote vermitteln können. Die Nutzung dieses Rezepts ist derzeit v.a. durch strukturelle Barrieren eingeschränkt.
Numerically statistical simulation of the intensity field of the radiation transmitted through a random medium
Authors: Ambos Andrey Yu. , Mikhailov Gennadii A. 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
The radiation transfer through random media of three different types was simulated numerically and statistically with the same one-dimensional distributions and correlation radii. The averaged probabilities of passages of quanta and their angular distributions practically coincide, although the calculations of correlation radii and visualizations of the corresponding brightness fields give slightly distinct results. In the calculations we used the methods of ‘double randomization’ and ‘delta-scattering’ and also statistical nuclear estimates.
Modelling the Azov Sea circulation and extreme surges in 2013-2014 using the regularized shallow water equations
Authors: Saburin Dmitry S. , Elizarova Tatiana G. 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
A new model for calculation of circulation in shallow water basins is created based on the shallow water equations taking into account the Coriolis force and quadratic friction on the bottom. Wind effects are taken into account as forcing. The main feature of the model is a new numerical method based on regularized shallow water equations allowing one to construct the simple and sufficiently accurate numerical algorithms possessing a number of advantages over existing methods. The paper provides a detailed description of all construction steps of the model.
The developed model was implemented for the water area of the Azov Sea. The paper presents the modelling of extreme surges in March 2013 and September 2014, the results of calculations are compared with observation data of hydrometeorological stations in Taganrog and Yeysk.
Two-dimensional projection Monte Carlo estimators for the study of angular characteristics of polarized radiation
Authors: Tracheva Natalya V. , Ukhinov Sergey A. 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
The paper presents a Monte Carlo algorithm for the study of bidirectional angular characteristics of a scattered polarized radiation based on projection expansion of the density of the corresponding angular distribution over hemispherical harmonics. The results of numerical estimation of two-dimensional angular distributions of the intensity and the polarization degree of the radiation passed through and reflected from optically thick layers of scattering and absorbing substance are presented.
I Call That A Bargain
Authors: Tribble, MD Curt 
Published: June 2018

To paraphrase the lyrics of a song by Matchbox Twenty (“It’s 3AM, I must be lonely”), it’s 3 AM, I must be on a Lear jet. We’re heading out to get a pair of lungs for a transplant. It’s pitch black out tonight, and there’s small rain falling. At least it’s not ice or snow, which we’ve heard is falling to the north of us. I am glad that we’ll be heading south on this run. These organ procurement runs tend to violate one of the basic safety rules of flying, which is to avoid, whenever possible, being required to fly. The edgy flights tend to stick in one’s mind, of course. I’ve flown, literally, into a hurricane (Isaac), slid around on icy runways in Michigan and New York, and landed at the same mountaintop airport that was featured in the movie ‘We Are Marshall’ (which recounted the story of the fatal crash of a plane carrying Marshall University’s football team back from a game in North Carolina). I have one of my splendid surgery residents with me. We settle in for the ride south. There’ll be time for a nap, if I can get comfortable. But, I’m awake now, and I’m reminded of the overall mission that we are on. Inevitably, I find myself reflecting on my three decades as a transplanter of hearts and lungs and recalling some of my most memorable patients and the lessons I have learned from them and their families. Memories and lessons that will always be with me.
Current perspectives regarding the application and incorporation of silver nanoparticles into dental biomaterials
Authors: Şuhani Mihai Flaviu , Băciuţ Grigore , Băciuţ Mihaela , Şuhani Raluca , Bran Simion 
Published: June 2018

Introduction: The key idea of nanotechnology is to construct and preserve functional structures by means of exploiting atoms and molecules. Nanotechnology has proven to be crucial in pharmacological medicine, tissue engineering, clinical diagnosis, long term conservation of biological tissues in a cryogenic state, protein detection, tumor destruction and magnetic resonance imaging.The aim of this paper is to review the literature on the specific characteristics of nanostructured materials, their applications and advantages that they bring to dentistry.Method. We conducted an electronic scientific database research that included PubMed, Cochrane and Medline. The following keywords were used: nanotechnology, nanodentistry and silver nanoparticles. Initially 1650 original articles were retrieved from the these mentioned international databases, which were screened in detail. We included literature reviews that dealt with the comprehensive applications of nanostructured particles and silver nanoparticles in particular, in all fields of contemporary dentistry. Case reports, clinical trials, editorials and opinion letters were excluded in the first phase of our research. Fifty two articles met all the selection criteria and were ultimately selected and reviewed.Results. Nanotechnology deals with the production of various types of nanomaterials with potential applications in the field of biomedicine. Silver nanoparticles have the capacity to eliminate dental caries producing bacteria or repair teeth enamel with signs of dental decay. Nanodentistry will allow better oral health by use of nanostructured materials. Treatment opportunities that nanotechnology has to offer in contemporary dentistry include local anesthesia, permanent treatment of dental hypersensitivity, orthodontic and oral health care with nanorobotic dentifrice.Conclusion. The studies that we reviewed are largely in favor of nanotechnology and nanostructured materials, highlighting their qualities and enhancements they bring to the field of dentistry. Although many of these products that benefit from silver nanoparticles properties are still expensive and exclusive, we can foresee major improvements and demand regarding dental biomaterials with nanoparticles incorporated in the near future.
The prevalence of obesity and overweight in Northeastern Iran
Authors: Saadatifar Hakimeh , Ostadimoghaddam Hadi , Khoshhal Fahimeh , Jabbari-Azad Frida , Mohazzab-Torabi Saman , Yekta Abbasali , Khabazkhoob Mehdi 
Published: June 2018

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess obesity and overweight by WHO criteria in Mashhad, Iran.
Method: This cross-sectional study was performed on 4453 people from Mashhad in 2009. Comprehensive data of age, height, weight, education, and marriage was collected. Overweight and obesity were calculated according to the body mass index (BMI).
Results: A total of 1828 participants entered study, of whom 70.4% were women. The mean age of the population was 39.8±13.5 years. The prevalence of overweight and obesity was 36.5% (95% CI 34.3-38.6) and 16.9% (95% CI 15.1-18.8), respectively. The prevalence of overweight was 39.0% in men and 35.4% in women which increased significantly by age (P<0.001 & OR=1.055). The prevalence of obesity in men and women was 12.3% and 18.9% respectively which showed women had a significantly higher risk (P<0.001). The risk of overweight and obesity was higher in married but lower in educated people.
Conclusion: This study showed a rapid increase in obesity and overweight, especially in women, in Mashhad population as a sample of the Iranian society. Attention to preventive and education plans should be the priority of health policies.
Thermal comfort analysis in office buildings with different air-conditioning systems
Authors: Szabo J. , Kajtar L. 
Published: June 2018

It is a prime aim to ensure a suitable comfort level in case of office buildings. The productivity of office employees is directly influenced by the comfort. Thermal discomfort and poor indoor air quality deteriorate the intensity and quality of human work. We investigated the comfort in office buildings with on-site measurements during the summer season. The office buildings were operating with different HVAC (Heating, Ventilating and Air-Conditioning) systems: ducted fan-coil with suspended ceiling, installation, non-ducted fan-coil with floor-mounted installation, active chilled beam with fresh air supply.
We evaluated the thermal comfort under PMV (Predicted Mean Vote), PPD (Predicted Percentage of Dissatisfied), the local discomfort based on DR (Draught Rate) and the IAQ (Indoor Air Quality) based on carbon dioxide concentration. The comfort measurements were evaluated. The measurements were evaluated with scientific research methods, comfort categories based on the requirements of CR 1752. The results of this comparison were presented in this article.
Characterisation of pit latrine sludge from shackleton, a peri-urban residential area of Zimbabwe
Authors: Changara M. C. , Bangira C. , Sanyika W. T. , Misi S. N. 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
The objective of this study was to characterise the physical and chemical properties of human faecal sludge from various pit latrines in relation to the differences in usage and management practices of each pit over time. Physico-chemical parameters were measured from the sludge collected from the top layers of six different pit latrines that were sampled six times at an interval of 40 days. Data were also collected on pit user habits and management practices. Multivariate statistical analyses were carried out to determine the variations in sludge physico-chemical characteristics among the pits and the associations between these and user habits and management practices. The results showed that the sludge characteristics from the six pits were significantly different from each other (global test sample statistic (R): 0.862 and p &lt; 0.002). This study also indicated that user habits were important determinants of pit sludge characteristics. This study scientifically contributes to knowledge on how pit management and usage practices determine the potential value and quality of pit latrine sludge for various anaerobic digestion applications for resource recovery. The findings also contribute the knowledge required for the management and treatment of pit latrine sludge, adoption and adaptation of new treatment technologies for local use.
Scale and consequences – the limits of the river basin as a management unit
Authors: Muller Mike 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Contrary to dominant paradigms, the river basin is not the obvious unit within which to undertake water management given the diversity of functions inherent in water resource management. The Southern African experience is presented to illustrate issues that may arise when using the river basin for different functions. Functions best addressed at a larger ‘problem-shed’ level are identified and it is explained why some other functions should rather be performed at smaller, sub-basin scales. Using recent work on water governance, which emphasise polycentricity and network governance, it is suggested that a better understanding of the appropriate scales for different functions will support activities such as planning, monitoring and the protection of the aquatic environment that may best be focused at river basin scale.
Penyajian Akuntansi Qardhul Hasan Dalam Laporan Keuangan Perbankan Syariah
Authors: Kadarningsih Ana 
Published: June 2018

<p>The rise of the establishment of Islamic Banks and the opening branch of conventional banks that provide services using sharia system (office channeling) have increase financial transactions in Islamic Laws indirectly. Qardhul hasan is one of the most important financial transactions in Islamic Laws. The public do not have enough comprehension about qardhul hasan. Therefore, this study aims to explain the process of preparing accounting for qardhul hasan in Islamic Banks . This accounting process will establish financial statements for Islamic Banks based on standard juridical (or law's regulations) and normative (al-Qur'an and Sunnah) . The results of literature review show accounting process for qardhul hasan in Islamic Banks must be implemented with existing regulations so it can be used by stakeholders as a form of transparency (tabligh), validiy (shidiq) of financial report, professionalism (fathonah) and accountability (amanah) for Islamic Banks.</p>