bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perceived bullying among Norwegian doctors in 1993, 2004 and 2014–2015: a study based on cross-sectional and repeated surveys
Authors: Rosta Judith , Aasland Olaf G 
Published: February 2018

ObjectivesTo examine 12-month prevalence of perceived bullying at work for doctors in different job categories and medical disciplines in 1993, 2004 and 2014–2015, and personality traits, work-related and health-related factors associated with perceived workplace bullying.DesignCross-sectional questionnaire surveys in 1993, 2004 and 2014–2015 where the 2004 and the 2012–2015 samples are partly overlapping.SettingNorway.ParticipantsResponse rates were 72.8% (2628/3608) in 1993, 67% (1004/1499) in 2004 and 78.2% (1261/1612) in 2014–2015. 485 doctors responded both in 2004 and 2014–2015.Outcome measurePerceived bullying at work from colleagues or superiors at least a few times a month during the last year.ResultsBetween the samples from 1993, 2004 and 2014–2015, there were no significant differences in the prevalence of perceived bullying at work. More senior hospital doctors and surgeons reported being bullied. Doctors with higher scores on the personality trait neuroticism were more likely to perceive bullying, as were female doctors, doctors with poor job satisfaction and poor self-rated health.ConclusionsThe fraction of doctors who experienced bullying at work was stable over a 20-year period. Psychological, psychosocial and cultural factors are predictors of perceived bullying.
What happens to patient experience when you want to see a doctor and you get to speak to a nurse? Observational study using data from the English General Practice Patient Survey
Authors: Paddison Charlotte A M , Abel Gary A , Burt Jenni , Campbell John L , Elliott Marc N , Lattimer Valerie , Roland Martin 
Published: February 2018

ObjectivesTo examine patient consultation preferences for seeing or speaking to a general practitioner (GP) or nurse; to estimate associations between patient-reported experiences and the type of consultation patients actually received (phone or face-to-face, GP or nurse).DesignSecondary analysis of data from the 2013 to 2014 General Practice Patient Survey.Setting and participants870 085 patients from 8005 English general practices.OutcomesPatient ratings of communication and ‘trust and confidence’ with the clinician they saw.Results77.7% of patients reported wanting to see or speak to a GP, while 14.5% reported asking to see or speak to a nurse the last time they tried to make an appointment (weighted percentages). Being unable to see or speak to the practitioner type of the patients’ choice was associated with lower ratings of trust and confidence and patient-rated communication. Smaller differences were found if patients wanted a face-to-face consultation and received a phone consultation instead. The greatest difference was for patients who asked to see a GP and instead spoke to a nurse for whom the adjusted mean difference in confidence and trust compared with those who wanted to see a nurse and did see a nurse was −15.8 points (95% CI −17.6 to −14.0) for confidence and trust in the practitioner and −10.5 points (95% CI −11.7 to −9.3) for net communication score, both on a 0–100 scale.ConclusionsPatients’ evaluation of their care is worse if they do not receive the type of consultation they expect, especially if they prefer a doctor but are unable to see one. New models of care should consider the potential unintended consequences for patient experience of the widespread introduction of multidisciplinary teams in general practice.
Developing a core outcome set for fistulising perianal Crohn’s disease
Authors: Sahnan Kapil , Tozer Phil J , Adegbola Samuel O , Lee Matthew J , Heywood Nick , McNair Angus G K , Hind Daniel , Yassin Nuha , Lobo Alan J , Brown Steven R , Sebastian Shaji , Phillips Robin K S , Lung Phillip F C , Faiz Omar D , Crook Kay , Blackwell Sue , Verjee Azmina , Hart Ailsa L , Fearnhead Nicola S 
Published: February 2018

ObjectiveLack of standardised outcomes hampers effective analysis and comparison of data when comparing treatments in fistulising perianal Crohn’s disease (pCD). Development of a standardised set of outcomes would resolve these issues. This study provides the definitive core outcome set (COS) for fistulising pCD.DesignCandidate outcomes were generated through a systematic review and patient interviews. Consensus was established via a three-round Delphi process using a 9-point Likert scale based on how important they felt it was in determining treatment success culminating in a final consensus meeting. Stakeholders were recruited nationally and grouped into three panels (surgeons and radiologists, gastroenterologists and IBD specialist nurses, and patients). Participants received feedback from their panel (in the second round) and all participants (in the third round) to allow refinement of their scores.ResultsA total of 295 outcomes were identified from systematic reviews and interviews that were categorised into 92 domains. 187 stakeholders (response rate 78.5%) prioritised 49 outcomes through a three-round Delphi study. The final consensus meeting of 41 experts and patients generated agreement on an eight domain COS. The COS comprised three patient-reported outcome domains (quality of life, incontinence and a combined score of patient priorities) and five clinician-reported outcome domains (perianal disease activity, development of new perianal abscess/sepsis, new/recurrent fistula, unplanned surgery and faecal diversion).ConclusionA fistulising pCD COS has been produced by all key stakeholders. Application of the COS will reduce heterogeneity in outcome reporting, thereby facilitating more meaningful comparisons between treatments, data synthesis and ultimately benefit patient care.
Association between shiftwork and the risk of colorectal cancer in females: a population-based case–control study
Authors: Walasa Wa Mwenga , Carey Renee N , Si Si , Fritschi Lin , Heyworth Jane S , Fernandez Renae C , Boyle Terry 
Published: February 2018

ObjectiveResearch indicates that shiftwork may be associated with increased risks of adverse health outcomes, including some cancers. However, the evidence of an association between shiftwork and colorectal cancer risk is limited and inconclusive. Further, while several possible pathways through which shiftwork might result in cancer have been proposed, few studies have taken these factors into account. We investigated the association between two types of shiftwork (graveyard shiftwork and early-morning shiftwork) and six mechanistic shiftwork variables (including light at night and phase shift) and the risk of colorectal cancer among females in an Australian population-based case–control study. Graveyard shiftwork was the primary exposure of interest.MethodsParticipants (350 cases and 410 controls) completed a lifetime occupational history, and exposure to each of the eight shiftwork variables was assigned to participants through a job exposure matrix. We used logistic regression to calculate odds ratios (OR) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the association between different shiftwork variables and the risk of colorectal cancer, adjusting for potential demographic, lifestyle and medical confounders.ResultsWorking in an occupation involving long-term exposure (>7.5 years) to graveyard shiftwork was not associated with colorectal cancer risk (adjusted OR 0.95, 95% CI 0.57 to 1.58). Similarly, no increased risks of colorectal cancer were seen for any of the other seven shiftwork variables examined.ConclusionsNo evidence of an increased risk of colorectal cancer among females who had worked in occupations involving shiftwork was observed in this study.
Attempts to rescue yield loss in continuous canola with agronomic inputs
Authors: Harker K.N. , Hartman M.D. , Tidemann B.D. , O’Donovan J.T. , Turkington T.K. , Lupwayi N.Z. , Smith E.G. , Mohr R.M. 
Published: February 2018

Recent canola acreage and production in western Canada have reached record high levels. Field experiments were conducted from 2014 to 2016 on land previously seeded to continuous canola for 6 yr at three Canadian Prairie sites. We determined that more intensive seed inputs, fertilizer, fungicide, tillage, or chaff removal could increase continuous canola yields compared with a “standard practice” (SP) treatment or match yields compared with canola in rotation. Recommended or 50% higher fertility levels alone or in combination with a higher seeding rate, tillage, chaff removal, or additional fungicide were applied to the same plots in three successive years to determine effects after 1, 2, and 3 yr of treatment imposition. In continuous canola, blackleg incidence and severity were both reduced by fungicide treatment. In rotations where canola was preceded by wheat, blackleg incidence and severity were much lower than in continuous canola. None of the treatments improved continuous canola yields compared with SP after a single year of treatment imposition. In subsequent years, canola yield increases compared with SP usually occurred as a result of additional fertilizer, seed, or fungicide. In the final year, canola yield loss due to continuous canola was largely rescued by additional seed and fertilizer. Without additional inputs, and when preceded by a different crop, canola yields averaged 11% greater than the average of all continuous canola treatments. High fertility regimes generally reduced oil content and increased protein content relative to standard fertility in continuous canola or relative to canola preceded by wheat.
PENDAMPINGAN BANK SAMPAH MELATI BERSIH BERBASIS PEMBERDAYAAN BAGI MASYARAKAT URBAN
Authors: Muhtadi Muhtadi 
Published: February 2018

Problems of waste management in urban areas requires the participation of public awareness. Community or residents can participate in managing the garbage, especially in their respective environments. Citizens can change the behavior of earlier indifference turns to participate in managing the waste problem. The waste problem is not only the responsibility of governments, and but requires the participation of the broadest community to also find solutions to manage waste from the source of the problem into something more beneficial both economically and environmentally the type of research is descriptive research with quantitative approach. This research was conducted at the Bank Sampah Melati Bersih (an organization community) in South Tangerang City. This study population is a member of the Bank Sampah Melati Bersih in South Tangerang City. The sample in this research were 30 people who manage trash in housing. Processing data using Spearman correlation test analysis. The results of the research are (1) characteristics of individuals relate to real behavioral changes in trash management in a residential neighborhood. (2) Trash companion role of Bank Sampah Melati Bersih tangible associated with behavioral changes in waste management in a residential neighborhood. [Problematika tentang pengelolaan sampah di perkotaan memerlukan kesadaran masyarakat untuk berpartisipasi. Masyarakat atau warga dapat ikut mengelola sampah terutama di lingkungan masing-masing. Warga masyarakat dapat mengubah perilakunya dari tadi masa bodoh berubah untuk ikut mengelola permasalahan sampah. Permasalahan sampah tidak hanya tanggung jawab pemerintah dan tetapi menuntut partisipasi masyarakat seluas-luasnya untuk juga mencari solusi dalam mengelola sampah dari sumber masalah menjadi sesuatu yang lebih bermanfaat baik secara ekonomis maupun lingkungan. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif.. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada Bank Sampah Melati Bersih di Kota Tangerang Selatan. Populasi penelitian ini adalah anggota Bank Sampah Melati Bersih di Kota Tangerang Selatan. Sampel penelitian adalah 30 warga yang mengelola sampah di perumahan. Pengolahan data dengan menggunakan analisis uji korelasi Spearman. Hasil penelitiannya: (1) karakteristik individu berhubungan nyata dengan perubahan perilaku dalam pengelolaan sampah di lingkungan perumahan. (2) peran pendamping dari Bank Sampah Melati Bersih berhubungan nyata dengan perubahan perilaku dalam pengelolaan sampah di lingkungan perumahan.]
Self-efficacy, soccer skills and the influence on students’ learning experience
Authors: Zulkifli Ahmad Fahim , Kulinna Pamela 
Published: February 2018

Summary
Study aim: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of a student centered curricular intervention on students’ self-efficacy and soccer skills performance. Materials and methods: One group of 25 mixed-gender students (ages 11-13) participated in this study of student centered soccer lessons twice per week (30 minutes) on a soccer field for three weeks at a Southwestern USA Middle School. The in­tervention was designed to engage students in the skill lessons by adopting a student-centered approach, and reciprocal/peer teaching of the soccer skills. Students’ self-efficacy was assessed using the modified Traits Sport-Confidence Inventory. Soccer skill performance was assessed using previously validated skill tests. Further, students’ perception of reciprocal teaching were gathered using exit slips. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and t-tests to explore pre/post differences. Results: The students’ skill performance slightly improved. Students’ self-efficacy related to soccer skills was significantly higher at post-test. Students’ positively perceived the opportunities to participate in student-centered lessons and the use recip­rocal teaching styles to work together in skill development. Conclusions: This study demonstrated that seventh-grade students could learn soccer skills, develop desirable perceptions and efficacy and improve their physical activity/sport participation levels as they engaged in student-centered teaching and learning.
The effects of Panax ginseng supplementation on growth hormone, cortisol and lactate response to high-intensity resistance exercise
Authors: Zarabi Leila , Arazi Hamid , Izadi Mani 
Published: February 2018

Summary
Study aim: Growth hormone, cortisol, and lactate play an effective role in regulating and stimulating the muscle building proc­ess. The current study aimed to investigate the impact of Panax ginseng supplementation on growth hormone, cortisol, and lactate response to intense resistance exercise in young female non-athletes. Materials and methods: Ten non-athlete girls participated in this double-blind counter-balanced crossover study. They were assigned to two groups: the ginseng group and the placebo group. In two 4-week periods, they received the supplement and the placebo. In the first four weeks, 5 participants received ginseng (100 mg daily) and 5 others received placebo (maltodextrin). At the end of the 4 weeks, blood samples (5 ml) were taken to measure blood levels of the factors. Afterwards, the resistance exercise protocol was implemented, and immediately after that blood samples were taken. In the second four-week period, the five participants who had taken ginseng received placebo, and the five subjects who had received placebo took ginseng. The same tests were administered again. Results: The results showed that except for cortisol in the ginseng group, there were significant pre - to post-exercise changes for all 3 indicators in both groups. No significant difference was observed in pre - to post-exercise changes in the levels of GH (p = 0.71), cortisol (p = 0.34), or lactate (p = 0.90) between groups. Conclusions: 100 mg ginseng consumption daily for 4 weeks does not have an impact on the response of GH, cortisol, or lac­tate to high-intensity resistance exercise in young female non-athletes.
Paraspinal muscle hypotrophy and chronic discogenic low back pain
Authors: Truszczyńska-Baszak Aleksandra , Krauze Bruno , Tarnowski Adam 
Published: February 2018

Summary
Study aim: Low back pain is accompanied by deconditioning of trunk muscles due to pain limiting patients’ physical activity, but so far it has not been explained whether the changes in the structure of muscles are the cause of disc disease or its result. The aim of the study was to analyze the prevalence of segmental paraspinal muscle hypotrophy in patients with chronic low back pain and sciatica. Material and methods: The study involved magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of 40 patients: 20 women and 20 men aged from 30 to 47, mean 39.51 ± 3.73 years, with single level disc extrusion at L4-L5. The entire cross-sectional area of the par­aspinal muscles, the adipose tissue area in the paraspinal muscles and the extensor muscle tissue area at the level of L4-L5 were measured and compared with the healthy L3-L4 level. T2-weighted axial slices were used to facilitate distinguishing between the muscle and the fat tissue. Results: Fat tissue ingrowth and paravertebral muscle tissue hypotrophy at the disc extrusion level were highly statistically significant (p < 0.001) compared to the healthy level. Conclusions: 1. Ingrowth of the adipose tissue into the muscle tissue occurs only at the level of disc extrusion. 2. It seems rea­sonable to introduce strengthening exercises after the resolution of pain in order to rebuild the muscles of the spine.
From SOMDA to application – integration strategies in the OR.NET demonstration sites
Authors: Rockstroh Max , Franke Stefan , Dees Raluca , Merzweiler Angela , Schneider Gerd , Dingler Max , Dietz Christian , Pfeifer Jonas , Kühn Franziska , Schmitz Malte , Mildner Alexander , Janß Armin , Dell’Anna Pudlik Jasmin , Köny Marcus , Andersen Björn , Bergh Björn , Neumuth Thomas 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThe effective development and dissemination of the open integration for the next generation of operating rooms require a comprehensive testing environment. In this paper, we present the various challenges to be addressed in demonstration applications, and we discuss the implementation approach, the foci of the demonstration sites and the evaluation efforts. Overall, the demonstrator setups have proven the feasibility of the service-oriented medical device architecture (SOMDA) and real-time approaches with a large variety of example applications. The applications demonstrate the potentials of open device interoperability. The demonstrator implementations were technically evaluated as well as discussed with many clinicians from various disciplines. However, the evaluation is still an ongoing research at the demonstration sites. Technical evaluation focused on the properties of a network of medical devices, latencies in data transmission and stability. A careful evaluation of the SOMDA design decisions and implementations are essential to a safe and reliable interoperability of integrated medical devices and information technology (IT) system in the especially critical working environment. The clinical evaluation addressed the demands of future users and stakeholders, especially surgeons, anesthesiologists, scrub nurses and hospital operators. The opinions were carefully collected to gain further insights into the potential benefits of the technology and pitfalls in future work.
Congenital intrahepatic portosystemic shunts: a potential cause for early-onset neonatal cholestasis
Authors: Narang Radhika , Patel Minal , Tipnis Neelesh Ajit , Tipnis Sajani Matai 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Cholestasis in the first days of life is uncommon in neonates. Neonatal cholestasis is usually associated with shock, sepsis, alloimmunity, metabolic disorders or biliary obstruction. A congenital intrahepatic portosystemic shunt results from failed involution of primordial liver vessels during the first days of life. Resulting shunts can lead to hepatic encephalopathy or liver tumors. A congenital intrahepatic portosystemic shunt should be considered when an alternative explanation cannot be found. In most cases, congenital intrahepatic portosystemic shunts will involute spontaneously by 1–2 years of age; however, surgical or radiologic closure may be needed.
Dif-in-Dif Estimators of Multiplicative Treatment Effects
Authors: Ciani Emanuele , Fisher Paul 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
We consider a difference-in-differences setting with a continuous outcome. The standard practice is to take its logarithm and then interpret the results as an approximation of the multiplicative treatment effect on the original outcome. We argue that a researcher should rather focus on the non-transformed outcome when discussing causal inference. The first step should be to decide whether the time trend is more likely to hold in multiplicative or level form. If the former, it is preferable to estimate an exponential model by Poisson Pseudo Maximum Likelihood, which does not require statistical independence of the error term. Running OLS on the log-linearised model might instead lead to confounding distributional and mean changes. We illustrate the argument with a simulation exercise.
Model of depositing layer on cylindrical surface produced by induction-assisted laser cladding process
Authors: Kotlan Václav , Hamar Roman , Pánek David , Doležel Ivo 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
A model of hybrid cladding on a cylindrical surface is built and numerically solved. Heating of both substrate and the powder material to be deposited on its surface is realized by laser beam and preheating inductor. The task represents a hard-coupled electromagnetic-thermal problem with time-varying geometry. Two specific algorithms are developed to incorporate this effect into the model, driven by local distribution of temperature and its gradients. The algorithms are implemented into the COMSOL Multiphysics 5.2 code that is used for numerical computations of the task. The methodology is illustrated with a typical example whose results are discussed.
Detection of inter-turn faults in transformer winding using the capacitor discharge method
Authors: Michna Michał , Wilk Andrzej , Ziółko Michał , Wołoszyk Marek , Swędrowski Leon , Szwangruber Piotr 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThe paper presents results of an analysis of inter-turn fault effects on the voltage and current waveforms of a capacitor discharge through transformer windings. The research was conducted in the frame of the Facility of Antiproton and Ion Research project which goal is to build a new international accelerator facility that utilizes superconducting magnets. For the sake of electrical quality assurance of the superconducting magnet circuits, a measurement and diagnostic system is currently under development at Gdansk University of Technology (GUT). Appropriate measurements and simulations of the special transformer system were performed to verify the proposed diagnostic method. In order to take into account the nonlinearity and hysteresis of the magnetic yoke, a novel mathematical model of the transformer was developed. A special test bench was constructed to emulate the inter-turn faults within transformer windings.