bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prophylactic closed-incisional negative pressure wound therapy following posterior instrumented spinal fusion: a single surgeon’s experience and cost-benefit analysis
Authors: Kramer Dallas E. , Bharthi Rosh , Myers Daniel , Chang Patrick , Dabecco Rocco , Xu Chen , Yu Alexander 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPurpose: Surgical site infections (SSIs) following spine surgery are associated with morbidity and resource utilization. Applying prophylactic closed-incisional negative pressure wound therapy (ciNPWT) during posterior instrumented fusion has mixed results in reducing rates of wound complications and SSI. We evaluated the clinical efficacy and potential cost-savings associated with ciNPWT in high-risk patients receiving posterior instrumented spinal fusion. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed patients receiving posterior instrumented spinal fusion for any surgical indication between July 1, 2017 and December 31, 2019, and compared rates of wound dehiscence, SSI, and reoperation for wound complications between standard surgical dressings and ciNPWT. Surgical dressing selection was based on the senior author’s assessment of infection risk factors. Results: A total of 229 patients (n = 85 standard surgical dressings, n = 144 ciNPWT) were included. The ciNPWT group had significantly more risk factors for wound-related complications, including older age (61.8 vs. 58.5 years, p = 0.042), diabetes mellitus (36.8% vs. 23.5%, p = 0.037), more instrumented levels (5.6 vs. 3.9, p < 0.0001), estimated blood loss (1298 vs. 998 mL, p = 0.036), and deformity was the predominant operative indication (29.9% vs. 17.7%, p = 0.040). Prophylactic ciNPWT was associated with significantly lower rates of wound dehiscence (21.5% vs. 34.1%, p = 0.036) and SSI (8.3% vs. 21.2%, p = 0.005). Number needed to treat with ciNPWT to prevent one SSI was 8 patients. The cost of preventing one SSI was $4,560. Cost-benefit analysis demonstrated a potential mean savings of $21,662 per operative SSI prevented and $270,775 per 100 patients undergoing posterior instrumented fusion with ciNPWT. Conclusions: Prophylactic ciNPWT use is a cost-effective means of reducing rates of wound dehiscence and SSI following posterior instrumented fusion.
Active Versus Passive Learning in Large-Group Sessions in Medical School: A Randomized Cross-Over Trial Investigating Effects on Learning and the Feeling of Learning
Authors: Boedeker Peter , Schlingmann Tobias , Kailin Joshua , Nair Ajith , Foldes Cara , Rowley David , Salciccioli Katherine , Maag Ronald , Moreno Nancy , Ismail Nadia 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Purpose
The evidence base for active learning in medical education is based largely on trials with suspect internal validity. We empirically compared the learning and feeling of learning of participants when in large-group interactive sessions and passive lectures using a rigorous trial capable of providing an unambiguous assessment of effect. Further, we evaluated if there was a differential effect based on prior achievement.

Materials and Method
We conducted a two-day randomized cross-over trial with 146 s-year medical students. Passive learning involved lecture-based case presentation with minimal interaction; in the large-group interactive session, students worked in teams on the same cases. Participants completed a test of learning and a feeling of learning survey. Effects were estimated using linear mixed-effects models.

Results
Participants in the large-group interactive session scored 0.27 standard deviations higher on the test of learning (p = 0.010) than when in the passive lecture. Learners in the lower 50% of prior achievement benefited most from active learning. The feeling of learning was 0.56 standard deviations higher in the large-group interactive session (p < 0.001).

Conclusions
Transformation of passive lectures to interactive learning sessions is feasible, has the potential to close achievement gaps by benefiting the lowest achieving learners the most, and provides students a greater sense of learning than passive lectures.
Enhanced long-lasting luminescence nanorods for ultrasensitive detection of SARS-CoV-2 N protein
Authors: Wei Yi , Song Menglin , Li Lihua , Ma Yingjin , Lao Xinyue , Liu Yuan , Li Guogang , Hao Jianhua 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPersistent luminescence nanomaterials can remain luminescence when the light source is turned off, which exhibits promise in biosensor and bioimaging fields since they have the ability to completely eradicate tissue autofluorescence. Although significant progress has been made in the persistent luminescence biosensing, there is still a dearth of long-afterglow detection platform with low limit of detection (LOD) and high sensitivity. Herein, Zn2GeO4:Mn, Cr persistently luminescent nanorods (PLNRs) with superior persistent luminescence and long afterglow time were developed. The addition of Cr3+ manifestly improves persistent luminescence intensity and afterglow duration through creating a deep defect trap. Then the biosensors were constructed by combining the Zn2GeO4:Mn,Cr PLNRs-antibody and Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs)-antibody for nucleocapsid protein detection based on electrostatic attraction. The LOD value for nucleocapsid protein realizes as low as 39.82 ag/mL, which is much lower than the previously reported persistent luminescent-based biosensors. Accordingly, the low detection sensitivity is attributed to fluorescence resonance energy transfer. In addition, high specificity is also achieved. Therefore, the as-prepared Zn2GeO4:Mn,Cr persistently luminescent materials can act as the promising candidate in biosensors applications. This strategy provides effective guidance for the development of biosensing platforms with high sensitivity and specificity.
Relationship between the B4C reinforcement content and the properties of MAO films on the B4C/Al matrix composites
Authors: Song Yingwei , Zhu Mingyu , Dong Kaihui , Han En-Hou 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThermal control coating is necessary for the B4C/Al matrix composites (AMCs) used in nuclear power field. Micro-arc Oxidation (MAO) technology is a suitable method to prepare thermal control coating on B4C/AMCs, but the B4C reinforcements has a great influence on the MAO process. In this paper, the effects of the B4C content on the spark discharge, microstructure and properties of the MAO films were studied by a Dual-channel Oscilloscope, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS). The results indicate that the spark discharge in the early stage of oxidation is inhibited with the increase of the B4C particles in AMCs, but the effect declines in the later stage. Also, the compactness and blackness of the MAO films reduce due to the negative effect of the B4C particles on the oxidation process, but the lowest emissivity of the MAO film is still higher than 0.85, which can still meet the general requirement for thermal control coatings in actual applications.
Human Rights Due Diligence for Arms Companies: Lessons from Supply Chain Regulations
Authors: Alwishewa Hiruni 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In comparison to other high-risk industrial sectors, human rights due diligence (HRDD) in the arms sector remains unclear and underdeveloped. This article elucidates how supply chain regulations can provide pertinent guidance for clarifying and elaborating the standards and requirements of the HRDD obligations of arms companies. Part I reaffirms the importance of independent HRDD obligations for arms companies due to the significant human rights risks posed by arms exports. Part II contextualises the limitations in the development of HRDD in the arms industry by examining the corporate policies of major arms companies. Part III explicates why supply chain regulations for conflict minerals are suitable guidance for clarifying and elaborating the HRDD obligations of arms companies. Part IV details five elements of an HRDD framework for arms companies that are essential for comprehensively identifying, evaluating and addressing the human rights risks of arms exports. Part V offers concluding remarks.
Owning towards death: The asset condition as existential conundrum
Authors: Davies William 
Published: November 2024

AbstractMoral and pragmatist sociology has studied capitalism as a set of institutions that require justification, which has historically been offered through forms of rewarding and meaningful work, anchoring the human life course in a narrative of individual and collective progress. However, emerging with neoliberalism, then becoming explicit after 2008, contemporary capitalism has become organised around the logic of assets and wealth as opposed to labour and production. This provokes a vacuum of justification. Once all actors are (as Minsky argued) balance sheet actors and profit becomes a function of sheer temporality, the economy ceases to function as a moral order and instead becomes imbued with existential concerns of temporality, durability, survival, and finitude. Possessed only of certain contingently acquired assets and liabilities, the self becomes wholly contingent in the sense described by Heidegger; that is, as ‘thrown’ into having had a past and into a relationship of ‘care’ towards the future. The article identifies symptoms of this existential condition in empirical studies of wealth elites, for whom (in the absence of conventional liberal and production-based measures of worth) problems of meaning, purpose, and finitude are endemic.
Pooling and repooling risk: The limits of Insurtech platforms in inclusive insurance
Authors: Perticone Yannick , Graz Jean-Christophe 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis article investigates the promise of Insurtech to expand the frontier of the insurance market to include vulnerable populations around the world. It contributes to current debates on the proliferation of new technologies for financial inclusion as embedded in contemporary forms of platform-based capitalism. We argue that Insurtech’s promises fall short of expectations because of the contradiction between the principles of platform scalability and insurance risk pooling. Such contradictions lead Insurtech platforms to unpool risk rather than provide innovative technologies to pool it. This ultimately limits the expansion of markets for inclusive insurance as Insurtech platforms struggle to scale up the market through their supposedly disruptive technology. Our analysis draws on a range of regulatory reports, complemented by in-depth interviews with Insurtech executive officers. The article offers insights into the contradictory principles currently driving the digital inclusive insurance market, as well as the limits to the ongoing global expansion of platform capitalism.
A 172 mJ, high-energy picosecond 355 nm ultraviolet laser system at 100 Hz
Authors: Li Jiatong , Zhang Jiayu , Ma Tiejun , Yao Yongping , Liang Runze , Zhou Xue , Jia Chunyan , Huang Shengjun , Nie Hongkun , Yao Bo , He Jingliang , Zhang Baitao 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
A high-energy picosecond 355 nm ultraviolet (UV) laser operating at 100 Hz was demonstrated. A 352 mJ, 69 ps, 1064 nm laser at 100 Hz was realized firstly by cascaded regenerative, laser diode end-pumped single-pass and side-pumped main amplifiers. The stimulated Raman scattering-based beam shaping technique, thermally induced birefringence compensation and 4f spatial filter-image relaying systems were used to maintain a relatively homogeneous beam intensity distribution during the amplification process. By using lithium triborate crystals for second- and third-harmonic generation (THG), a 172 mJ, approximately 56 ps, 355 nm UV laser was achieved with a THG conversion efficiency of 49%. To the best of our knowledge, it is the highest pulse energy of a picosecond 355 nm UV laser so far. The beam quality factor

${M}^2$

and pulse energy stability were

${M}_x^2$

=3.92,

${M}_y^2$

=3.71 and root mean square of 1.48%@3 hours. This laser system could play significant roles in applications including photoconductive switch excitation, laser drilling and laser micro-fabrication.
Drift-free, 11 fs pulse delay stability in dual-arm PW-class laser systems
Authors: Nazîru Andrei B. , Popa Ştefan , Lupu Ana-Maria , Matei Dan Gh. , Dumitru Alice , Nistor Dmitrii , Toma Antonia , Văsescu Lidia , Dăncuş Ioan , Stan Claudiu A. , Ursescu Daniel 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Simultaneous ultra-intense pulses at petawatt laser facilities enable a broad range of experiments in nuclear photonics and strong field quantum electrodynamics. These experiments often require very precise control of the time delays between pulses. We report measurements of the time delay between the two 1 PW outputs of the Extreme Light Infrastructure - Nuclear Physics (ELI-NP) facility in Romania. The short-term standard deviation of the time delay was approximately half of the pulse duration of 23 fs, and the average delay drifted with up to 100 fs/h. The drift and sporadic delay jumps were corrected using a feedback loop, which reduced the long-term standard deviation of the delay close to its short-term value. These results imply that in ELI-NP experiments using two simultaneous pulses, a temporal overlap of better than half of the pulse duration can be achieved for more than two thirds of the shots, which would enable high data rate experiments using simultaneous petawatt pulses.
Efficient high-power 2.3 μm continuous-wave laser operation of diffusion-bonded composite YVO4/Tm:GdVO4 crystals
Authors: Yu Xiaoxu , Pan Zhongben , Pan Han , Chu Hongwei , Chen Weidong , Li Dechun 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
We reported on an efficient high-power continuous-wave laser operation on the 3H4 → 3H5 transition of Tm3+ ions in a diffusion-bonded composite YVO4/Tm:GdVO4 crystal. Pumped by a laser diode at 794 nm, a maximum output power of 7.5 W was obtained from a YVO4/Tm:GdVO4 laser at 2.29 μm, corresponding to a slope efficiency of 40.3% and exceeding the Stokes limit. To the best of our knowledge, this result represents the maximum power ever achieved from a Tm laser at 2.3 μm.
Willingness to pay of Portuguese sparkling wine consumers: Econometric and machine learning approaches
Authors: Lourenço-Gomes Lina , Pereira Mário Gonzalez , Gonçalves Norberto Jorge , Gonçalves Tânia , Rebelo João 
Published: November 2024

AbstractUnderstanding consumer choices and their drivers of willingness to pay (WTP) for a bottle of wine has been a research challenge in wine economics, particularly in niche markets such as sparkling wine. This study investigates the determinants of WTP for sparkling wine based on data from Portuguese consumers. The results provided by two alternative methodologies are compared: a traditional econometric model, based on the estimation of an ordered probit model; and a modelling approach based on data-driven and using machine learning algorithms. Both approaches present similar results, highlighting the relevance of some determinants including income, Champagne brand, not being a protected designation of origin and being a red wine consumer as main predictors of WTP for sparkling wine in Portugal.
Le fardeau administratif dans tous ses états : Saisir les interactions entre les individus et les institutions publiques
Authors: Daigneault Pierre-Marc , Defacqz Samuel , Dupuy Claire 
Published: November 2024

RésuméLe fardeau administratif renvoie au phénomène selon lequel la mise en œuvre des politiques publiques et, plus généralement, les interactions avec l’État, sont coûteuses et difficiles. Chaque personne est en effet confrontée à des coûts d'apprentissage lorsqu'elle acquiert de l'information sur les programmes et services publics, à des coûts de conformité lorsqu'elle tente de satisfaire à leurs règles, et à des coûts psychologiques (stress, etc.) lorsqu'elle interagit avec ceux-ci. Cette littérature, presque exclusivement anglophone, s'est développée à un rythme effréné. Cette synthèse critique fait le bilan de ces récents développements et propose une discussion articulée autour de trois thèmes : 1) Que sont les fardeaux administratifs et quels enjeux soulèvent-ils? ; 2) Quelles sont les sources des fardeaux? ; et 3) Quelles en sont les conséquences distributives et politiques? Des pistes de recherche future sont proposées pour chacun de ces thèmes.
Drooling in developmentally normal children: a review
Authors: Saniasiaya Jeyasakthy , van der Meer Graeme , Toll Ed C 
Published: November 2024

AbstractObjectiveDrooling or saliva spillage has been explored widely among children with neurodevelopmental conditions. Yet, the approach to drooling in an otherwise developmentally normal child remains unexplored, as it is regarded as self-limiting. Nonetheless, drooling beyond age 4 in the awake stage should raise concern.MethodsThis narrative review aims to shed light on drooling in developmentally normal children, also known as ‘healthy droolers’, and the available evidence on its management.ResultsMost notable factors causing saliva spillage include poor oral-motor control and impaired oral sensation. Delayed saliva acquisition may be an early indicator of developmental or intellectual delay. Drooling impairs both the children's and parents' overall quality of life significantly.ConclusionHealthy droolers can be managed by simple behavioural therapy and reassurance.
Institutions and development in a fragile limited access order of late-medieval Lithuania
Authors: Bureika Mantas 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Applying the framework of North et al. (2009, Violence and Social Orders: A Conceptual Framework for Interpreting Recorded Human History. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press), this paper analyses institutional and economic development in a new setting – the Grand Duchy of Lithuania between 1245 and 1386. Although remaining a fragile limited access order, Lithuania achieved positive institutional change. Its elite became more stable by restricting ruling privileges to the grand duke's family and integrating rival dukes through administrative positions and hereditary property rights. This arrangement encouraged land accumulation and productive activity over extraction, while the elite started providing better security to traders and craftsmen seeking to finance its war against the Teutonic Order. Synthesised material evidence reflects development at the extensive margin. However, health data shows no increase in average living standards, potentially due to population growth and inequality. Both sets of findings are consistent with the conceptual framework, as it expects fragile limited access orders to be underdeveloped from a static perspective, but improve following institutional development.
Flexible dual-band antenna for ISM/5G enabled MIMO systems with pattern diversity for wireless body area networks
Authors: Namath Sini , Rajamohan Kumudham , Subramaniam Ramesh , Alagarsamy Vijayalakshmi 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This paper outlines the design of a six-element multiple-input–multiple-output (MIMO) antenna with pattern diversity for industrial scientific medical (ISM)/5G-enabled wireless body area networks (WBANs). Within the MIMO configuration, each element has a quasi-yagi antenna configuration implemented on an ultrathin microwave laminate. The proposed quasi-yagi antenna has a small form factor of 25 × 25 mm, featuring a dipole-like radiator excited through a microstrip-line to tapered slot-line transition. The antenna’s radiators are patterned to ensure a dual-narrow impedance bandwidth. The conventional strip-line director in the planar yagi is replaced with a semicircular loop-like director, enhancing directional radiation patterns. This proposed flexible antenna offers versatile functionality by operating at both ISM standards of 2.45 GHz and the 5G wireless local area network standard at 3.5 GHz. The quasi-yagi elements are strategically distributed in a hexagonal formation to construct the six-element MIMO scheme with pattern diversity, resulting in a tangential radiation pattern suitable for on-body communication. Following fabrication, the prototype MIMO antenna’s simulation results are validated through real-time measurements. The proposed antenna exhibits an average gain exceeding 3.5 dBi across both operating bands. Furthermore, the proposed MIMO antenna exhibits promising performance metrics suitable for densely cluttered WBAN environments.
Comparing herbicide application methods with See & Spray™ technology in soybean
Authors: Avent Tristen H. , Norsworthy Jason K. , Patzoldt William L. , Schwartz-Lazaro Lauren M. , Houston Michael M. , Butts Thomas R. , Vazquez Alan R. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
New machine-vision technologies like the John Deere See & Spray™ could provide the opportunity to reduce herbicide use by detecting weeds and target-spraying herbicides simultaneously. Experiments were conducted for 2 yr in Keiser, AR, and Greenville, MS, to compare residual herbicide timings and targeted spray applications versus traditional broadcast herbicide programs in glyphosate/glufosinate/dicamba-resistant soybean. Treatments utilized consistent herbicides and rates with a preemergence (PRE) application followed by an early postemergence (EPOST) dicamba application followed by a mid-postemergence (MPOST) glufosinate application. All treatments included a residual at PRE and excluded or included a residual EPOST and MPOST. Additionally, the herbicide application method was considered, with traditional broadcast applications, broadcasted residual + targeted applications of postemergence herbicides (dual tank), or targeted applications of all herbicides (single tank). Targeted applications provided comparable control to broadcast applications with a ≤1% decrease in efficacy and overall control ≥93% for Palmer amaranth, broadleaf signalgrass, morningglory species, and purslane species. Additionally, targeted sprays slightly reduced soybean injury by at most 5 percentage points across all evaluations, and these effects did not translate to a yield increase at harvest. The relationship between weed area and targeted sprayed area also indicates that nozzle angle can influence potential herbicide savings, with narrower nozzle angles spraying less area. On average, targeted sprays saved a range of 28.4% to 62.4% on postemergence herbicides. On the basis of these results, with specific machine settings, targeted application programs could reduce the amount of herbicide applied while providing weed control comparable to that of traditional broadcast applications.