bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Radiation dosimetry of [131I]ICF01012 in rabbits: Application to targeted radionuclide therapy for human melanoma treatment
Authors: Jouberton Elodie , Perrot Yann , Dirat Béatrice , Billoux Tommy , Auzeloux Philippe , Cachin Florent , Chezal Jean‐Michel , Filaire Marc , Labarre Pierre , Miot‐Noirault Elisabeth , Millardet Corinne , Valla Clémence , Vidal Aurélien , Degoul Françoise , Maigne Lydia 
Published: September 2018

PurposeDosimetry for melanoma‐targeted radionuclide therapy (TRT) with [131I]ICF01012, a melanin ligand, has been previously evaluated in mice bearing melanomas. In this study, activity distribution and dosimetry are performed on healthy rabbits (Fauve de Bourgogne) using SPECT‐CT imaging and ex vivo measurements.Material and MethodsEx vivo biodistribution (i.v. injection: 370 kBq/kg, n = 2 per point) is performed on blood, eyes, brain, lung, liver, kidneys, heart, stomach, and spleen. Dosimetry calculations follow the MIRD formalism: S values are calculated from CT images using the GATE Monte Carlo platform and activity distributions are obtained from SPECT‐CT imaging (i.v. injection: 37 MBq/kg n = 3 per point). A specific study is presented to assess dose to human retina.ResultsTime‐integrated activities based on SPECT‐CT are in accordance with ex vivo measurements except for spleen. Doses to liver and eyes are the most significant, with respectively, 6.38 ± 0.50 Gy/GBq (evaluated through SPECT‐CT imaging) and 45.8 ± 7.9 Gy/GBq (evaluated through ex vivo measurements). Characterization of ocular [131I]ICF01012 biodistribution in rabbits and quantification of melanin allowed to assess a dose of 3.07 ± 0.70 Gy/GBq to human retina.ConclusionThis study sustains [131I]ICF01012 as a good candidate for melanoma TRT and open perspectives for personalized dosimetry calculation during phase I clinical transfer.
Technical Note: In vivo Young's modulus mapping of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma during HIFU ablation using harmonic motion elastography (HME)
Authors: Nabavizadeh Alireza , Payen Thomas , Saharkhiz Niloufar , McGarry Matthew , Olive Kenneth P. , Konofagou Elisa E. 
Published: September 2018

PurposeNoninvasive quantitative assessment of coagulated tissue during high‐intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) ablation is one of the essential steps for tumor treatment, especially in such cases as the Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (PDA) that has low probability of diagnosis at the early stages and high probability of forming solid carcinomas resistant to chemotherapy treatment at the late stages.MethodsHarmonic motion elastography (HME) is a technique for the localized estimation of tumor stiffness. This harmonic motion imaging (HMI)‐based technique is designed to map the tissue Young's modulus or stiffness noninvasively. A focused ultrasound (FUS) transducer generates an oscillating, acoustic radiation force in its focal region. The two‐dimensional (2D) shear wave speed, and consequently the Young's modulus maps, is generated by tracking the radio frequency (RF) signals acquired at high frame rates. By prolonging the sonication for more than 50 s using the same methodology, the 2D Young's modulus maps are reconstructed while HIFU is applied and ablation is formed on PDA murine tumors.ResultsThe feasibility of this technique in measuring the regional Young's modulus was first assessed in tissue‐mimicking phantoms. The contrast‐to‐noise ratio (CNR) was found to be higher than 11.7 dB for each 2D reconstructed Young's modulus map. The mean error in this validation study was found to be equal to less than 19%. Then HME was applied on two transgenic mice with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma tumors. The Young's modulus median value of this tumor at the start of the HIFU application was equal to 2.1 kPa while after 45 s of sonication it was found to be approximately three times stiffer (6.7 kPa).ConclusionsThe HME was described herein and showed its capability of measuring tissue stiffness noninvasively by measuring the shear wave speed propagation inside the tissue and reconstructing a 2D Young's modulus map. Application of the methodology in vivo and during HIFU were thus reported here for the first time.
First down converter multilayers integration in an industrial Si solar cell process
Authors: Dumont Lucile , Cardin Julien , Labbé Christophe , Frilay Cédric , Anglade Pierre‐Matthieu , Yu Ing‐Song , Vallet Maxime , Benzo Patrick , Carrada Marzia , Stiévenard Didier , Merabet Hocine , Gourbilleau Fabrice 
Published: September 2018

AbstractDown converter SiNx:Yb3+/SiNx:Tb3+ multilayers are deposited by reactive magnetron cosputtering with the objective of optimizing the interaction distance between Tb3+ and Yb3+ ions to favor a better light management in Si solar cells. Those Si‐based multilayers are developed to be compatible with the Si photovoltaic technology. The deposition parameters are optimized to enhance the emission of the Yb3+ ions in the IR region. The emission efficiency of such multilayer structure is compared with a mixed RE SiNx:Tb3+‐Yb3+ layer evidencing a gain resulting from a better management of the Tb3+ and Yb3+ ions distance. At the end, we integrate the growth of such a multilayer in an industrial Si solar cell process and demonstrate the existence of a frequency conversion effect that is promising for the future increase of the Si solar cell efficiency.
Uncontracted basis sets for ab initio calculations of muonic atoms and molecules
Authors: Ugandi Mihkel , Fdez. Galván Ignacio , Widmark Per‐Olof , Lindh Roland 
Published: September 2018

AbstractIn this work, we investigated muonic atoms and molecules from a quantum chemist's viewpoint by incorporating muons in the CASSCF model. With the aim of predicting muonic X‐ray energies, primitive muonic basis sets were developed for a selection of elements. The basis sets were then used in CASSCF calculations of various atoms and molecules to calculate muonic excited states. We described the influence of nuclear charge distribution in predicting muonic X‐ray energies. Effects of the electronic wave function on the muonic X‐ray energies were also examined. We have computationally demonstrated how the muon can act as a probe for the nuclear charge distribution or electronic wave function by considering lower or higher muonic excited states, respectively.
Generalised multivariable supertwisting algorithm
Authors: López‐Caamal Fernando , Moreno Jaime A. 
Published: September 2018

SummaryThe purpose of this paper is to present an extension of the generalised supertwisting algorithm (STA) to the multivariable framework. We begin by introducing an algorithm that may be deemed as a linear, quasicontinuous, or discontinuous multivariable system, depending on the functions that define them. For the class represented by such an algorithm we prove the robust, Lyapunov stability of the origin and characterise the perturbations that preserve its stability. In particular, when its vector field is discontinuous or quasicontinuous our algorithm is endowed with finite‐time stability. Due to its resemblance to the scalar case, we denote such finite‐time stable systems as generalised multivariable STA. Furthermore, the class of finite‐time stable systems comprise the currently available versions of STAs. To finalise, by means of simulation examples, we show that our proposed finite‐time stable algorithms are well suited for signals online differentiation and highlight their dynamical traits.
Distributed algorithm design for aggregative games of disturbed multiagent systems over weight‐balanced digraphs
Authors: Deng Zhenhua , Nian Xiaohong 
Published: September 2018

SummaryIn this paper, an aggregative game of multiagent systems over weight‐balanced digraphs is studied, where the decisions of all players are coupled by linear constraints. Different from the well‐known aggregative games, the dynamics of players are disturbed first‐order linear systems in our problem. In order to seek the variational generalized Nash equilibrium (GNE) of the game, a distributed algorithm is developed via gradient descent, internal model, and dynamic average consensus, where the gradient is for seeking the variational GNE, the internal model is for rejecting the exogenous disturbances, and the dynamic average consensus is for estimating the aggregate of the decisions of all players. The exponential convergence of the algorithm to the variational GNE is analyzed by constructing suitable Lyapunov functions. Finally, the effectiveness of our method is illustrated via two examples.
Quantitative XAFS/EELS analyses of nitrogen species in titanium oxide photocatalysts
Authors: Yoshida Tomoko , Yamamoto Muenaki , Akatsuka Masato , Ozawa Akiyo , Kato Yuma , Yagi Shinya , Tanabe Tetsuo 
Published: September 2018

With a view to rational designing of a highly functional visible‐light TiO2 photocatalyst, nitrogen atoms were doped into TiO2 samples by an ion implantation technique which enables to control the depth and concentration of dopants. Although the absorbance in the visible‐light region of the sample increased by the nitrogen doping, photocatalytic activity of the sample was not directly connected with the photo‐absorbance. The N K‐edge X‐ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) spectrum of the photocatalytic active sample (A‐cat) showed a characteristic double peak at 398 and 401 eV, and the XANES spectrum of the inactive sample (I‐cat) a distinct single peak around 401 eV. These features of the XANES spectra were well reproduced by theoretical simulations based on the model where an O atom in TiO2 was replaced by N ((N)s) for A‐cat, and that of quasi NO2 molecule ((NO2)s) for I‐cat. Therefore, we have concluded that the nitrogen atom occupying the oxygen site of TiO2 is photocatalytic active species effective for visible light photocatalysis. In addition, the quantitative XANES/ELNES analysis has revealed that the photo‐absorbance ratio of I‐cat to A‐cat corresponds well to the ratio of total doped nitrogen concentration rather than photocatalytic active nitrogen ((N)s) concentration. This result indicates that not only (N)s but also (NO2)s also absorb the visible light. Thus, the absorbance in the visible‐light region is not necessarily an indication of the visible‐light response of a photocatalyst.
The many faces of scientific inquiry: Effectively measuring what students do and not only what they say
Authors: Scalise Kathleen , Clarke‐Midura Jody 
Published: September 2018

AbstractScience education frameworks in the United States have moved strongly in recent years to incorporate more dimensions of learning, including measuring student use of scientific practices employed during scientific inquiry. For instance, the Next Generation Science Standards and related multidimensional frameworks adopted or adapted recently by more than 30 United States include numerous complex science performance skills required of students. This article considers whether valid and reliable evidence can be obtained in online performance tasks to yield an estimate of both student inquiry practices and of the ability of students to explain their understanding of scientific concepts. A data set from a Virtual Performance Assessment (VPA) task, There's a New Frog in Town, is examined. Delivered through an online system, the VPA task engages students in guided inquiry through problem solving, modeling, and exploration. The VPAs are designed to produce evidence on more than one latent trait in the respondent performance. Results of the case study reported here indicated that maps of student proficiency in scientific inquiry were possible to generate from the VPA data set, using measurement models. Addition of process data through a new hybrid measurement model, mIRT‐Bayes, improved reliability of results. Results indicated overall that virtual performance tasks may be helpful for science assessment, especially if assessment time is short and a goal is to increase the validity and quality of performance measures with authentic and engaging virtual activities.
The middle Miocene palynofloras of the Salihpaşalar lignite mine (Yatağan Basin, southwest Anatolia): environmental characterisation and comparison with palynofloras from adjacent basins
Authors: Bouchal Johannes M. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractAs the third part of an ongoing investigation of middle Miocene palynofloras in the Yatağan Basin (YB), southwestern Anatolia, the palynofloras of the Salihpaşalar lignite mine in the main YB were studied. Seven types of algal spores, aplanospores/zygospores or cysts, six types of lycophyte and fern spores, 12 types of gymnosperm pollen and 90 types of angiosperm pollen were identified. Of a total of ca. 140 plant taxa described from the YB, over 10% are confined to the Salihpaşalar assemblage. Differences between coeval palynofloras of the Sekköy Member might reflect changing or prograding depositional environments. A number of rare accessorial taxa reflect these local differences:Pilularia,Valeriana,DroseraandPersicariaaff.amphibiaonly occur at Salihpaşalar and are typical of shallow water or temporary ponds associated with a lake shore. Apart from this, all the palynofloras, originating from the lignite seams and overlying limnic limestones (uppermost Turgut and Sekköy Member), of the YB are strongly indicative of extensive woody vegetation with a dominance of diverse Fagaceae and Pinaceae. In addition, a list comparing the well-documented YB palynomorphs to morphologically similar palynomorphs of published late early to middle Miocene plant assemblages of western Anatolian was compiled. Such a comparison reveals that in many instances different taxon names have been used to denote the same taxa. Hence, resolving these synonymies is a prerequisite of any meaningful comparison of palynofloras in the region.
Practical methods for effective vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) surveillance: experience in a liver transplant surgical intensive care unit
Authors: Linfield Rebecca Y. , Campeau Shelley , Injean Patil , Gregson Aric , Kaldas Fady , Rubin Zachary , Kim Tae , Kunz Danielle , Chan Alfred , Lee Delphine J. , Humphries Romney M. , McKinnell James A. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractObjectiveWe evaluated the utility of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE) surveillance by varying 2 parameters: admission versus weekly surveillance and perirectal swabbing versus stool sampling.DesignProspective, patient-level surveillance program of incident VRE colonization.SettingLiver transplant surgical intensive care unit (SICU) of a tertiary-care referral medical center with a high prevalence of VRE.PatientsAll patients admitted to the SICU from June to August 2015.MethodsWe conducted a point-prevalence estimate followed by admission and weekly surveillance by perirectal swabbing and/or stool sampling. Incident colonization was defined as a negative screen followed by positive surveillance. VRE was detected by culture on Remel Spectra VRE chromogenic agar. Microbiologically-confirmed VRE bloodstream infections (BSIs) were tracked for 2 months. Statistical analyses were calculated using the McNemar test, the Fisher exact test, the t test, and the χ2 test.ResultsIn total, 91 patients underwent VRE surveillance testing. The point prevalence of VRE colonization was 60.9%; VRE prevalence on admission was 30.1%. Weekly surveillance identified an additional 7 of 28 patients (25.0%) with incident colonization. VRE BSIs were more common in VRE-colonized patients than in noncolonized patients (8 of 43 vs 2 of 48; P=.028). In a direct comparison, perirectal swabs were more sensitive than stool samples in detecting VRE (64 of 67 vs 56 of 67; P=.023). Compliance with perirectal swabbing was 89% (201 of 226) compared to 56% (127 of 226) for stool collection (P≤0.001).ConclusionsWe recommend weekly VRE surveillance over admission-only screening in high-burden units such as liver transplant SICUs. Perirectal swabs had greater collection compliance and sensitivity than stool samples, making them the preferred methodology. Further work may have implications for antimicrobial stewardship and infection control.
Do Poor Citizens Benefit from Mega-Events? São Paulo’s Street Vendors and the 2014 FIFA World Cup
Authors: Hummel Calla 
Published: September 2018

AbstractInternational mega-events inject millions of dollars into host countries’ economies, yet few studies assess which citizens benefit from events and which do not. Governments justify their bids for mega-events by arguing that infrastructure projects, event-related jobs, and tourist spending benefit many citizens. However, researchers find mixed impacts on host economies and the average citizen. Scholars and activists argue that a few businesses benefit while high prices and event-specific laws exclude poor citizens. Under what conditions do poor citizens benefit from mega-events? This article analyzes original interview, survey, and participant observation data on street vendors in São Paulo, Brazil during the 2014 FIFA World Cup. The project finds that most street vendors lost money, while a minority made record profits. Those who benefited from the event used brokers, bribes, and pockets of forbearance to circumvent FIFA’s exclusionary rules.
Fat composition in infant formula contributes to the severity of necrotising enterocolitis
Authors: Sodhi Chhinder P. , Fulton William B. , Good Misty , Vurma Mustafa , Das Tapas , Lai Chron-Si , Jia Hongpeng , Yamaguchi Yukihiro , Lu Peng , Prindle Thomas , Ozolek John A. , Hackam David J. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractNecrotising enterocolitis (NEC) is a devastating disease that typically affects formula-fed premature infants, suggesting that dietary components may influence disease pathogenesis. TAG are the major fat components of infant formula, and their digestion requires pancreatic lipases, which may be naturally deficient in premature neonates. We hypothesise that NEC develops partly from the accumulation of incompletely digested long-chain TAG-containing unsaturated fatty acids within the intestinal epithelial cells, leading to oxidative stress and enterocyte damage. We further hypothesise that the administration of a formula that contains reduced TAG (‘pre-digested fat’) that do not require lipase action may reduce NEC severity. To test these hypotheses, we induced NEC in neonatal mice using three different fat formulations, namely ‘standard fat’, ‘pre-digested fat’ or ‘very low fat’, and determined that mice fed ‘standard fat’ developed severe NEC, which was significantly reduced in mice fed ‘pre-digested fat’ or ‘very low fat’. The expression level of the critical fat-digesting enzyme carboxyl ester lipase was significantly lower in the newborn compared with older pups, leading to impaired fat digestion. The accumulation of mal-digested fat resulted in the significant accumulation of fat droplets within the intestinal epithelium of the distal ileum, resulting in the generation of reactive oxygen species and intestinal inflammation. Strikingly, these changes were prevented in pups fed ‘pre-digested fat’ or ‘very low fat’ formulas. These findings suggest that nutritional formula containing a pre-digested fat system may overcome the natural lipase deficiency of the premature gut, and serve as a novel approach to prevent NEC.
Clinical and functional characteristics of youth at clinical high-risk for psychosis who do not transition to psychosis
Authors: Addington Jean , Stowkowy Jacqueline , Liu Lu , Cadenhead Kristin S. , Cannon Tyrone D. , Cornblatt Barbara A. , McGlashan Thomas H. , Perkins Diana O. , Seidman Larry J. , Tsuang Ming T. , Walker Elaine F. , Bearden Carrie E. , Mathalon Daniel H. , Santesteban-Echarri Olga , Woods Scott W. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractBackgroundMuch of the interest in youth at clinical high risk (CHR) of psychosis has been in understanding conversion. Recent literature has suggested that less than 25% of those who meet established criteria for being at CHR of psychosis go on to develop a psychotic illness. However, little is known about the outcome of those who do not make the transition to psychosis. The aim of this paper was to examine clinical symptoms and functioning in the second North American Prodrome Longitudinal Study (NAPLS 2) of those individuals whose by the end of 2 years in the study had not developed psychosis.MethodsIn NAPLS-2 278 CHR participants completed 2-year follow-ups and had not made the transition to psychosis. At 2-years the sample was divided into three groups – those whose symptoms were in remission, those who were still symptomatic and those whose symptoms had become more severe.ResultsThere was no difference between those who remitted early in the study compared with those who remitted at one or 2 years. At 2-years, those in remission had fewer symptoms and improved functioning compared with the two symptomatic groups. However, all three groups had poorer social functioning and cognition than healthy controls.ConclusionsA detailed examination of the clinical and functional outcomes of those who did not make the transition to psychosis did not contribute to predicting who may make the transition or who may have an earlier remission of attenuated psychotic symptoms.
Integrated assessment of visual perception abnormalities in psychotic disorders and relationship with clinical characteristics
Authors: Türközer Halide Bilge , Hasoğlu Tuna , Chen Yue , Norris Lesley Anne , Brown Meredith , Delaney-Busch Nathaniel , Kale Emre H. , Pamir Zahide , Boyacı Hüseyin , Kuperberg Gina , Lewandowski Kathryn E. , Topçuoğlu Volkan , Öngür Dost 
Published: September 2018

AbstractBackgroundThe visual system is recognized as an important site of pathology and dysfunction in schizophrenia. In this study, we evaluated different visual perceptual functions in patients with psychotic disorders using a potentially clinically applicable task battery and assessed their relationship with symptom severity in patients, and with schizotypal features in healthy participants.MethodsFive different areas of visual functioning were evaluated in patients with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder (n = 28) and healthy control subjects (n = 31) using a battery that included visuospatial working memory (VSWM), velocity discrimination (VD), contour integration, visual context processing, and backward masking tasks.ResultsThe patient group demonstrated significantly lower performance in VD, contour integration, and VSWM tasks. Performance did not differ between the two groups on the visual context processing task and did not differ across levels of interstimulus intervals in the backward masking task. Performances on VSWM, VD, and contour integration tasks were correlated with negative symptom severity but not with other symptom dimensions in the patient group. VSWM and VD performances were also correlated with negative sychizotypal features in healthy controls.ConclusionTaken together, these results demonstrate significant abnormalities in multiple visual processing tasks in patients with psychotic disorders, adding to the literature implicating visual abnormalities in these conditions. Furthermore, our results show that visual processing impairments are associated with the negative symptom dimension in patients as well as healthy individuals.