bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transmammary delivery of firocoxib to piglets reduces stress and improves average daily gain after castration, tail docking, and teeth clipping1
Authors: Coetzee Johann F , Sidhu Pritam K , Seagen Jon , Schieber Teresa , Kleinhenz Katie , Kleinhenz Michael D , Wulf Larry W , Cooper Vickie L , Mazloom Reza , Jaberi-Douraki Majid , Lechtenberg Kelly 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Painful processing procedures in piglets such as tail docking, castration, and teeth clipping are an emerging animal welfare concern. We hypothesized that transmammary delivery of a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, firocoxib, would reduce pain associated with processing in piglets. This study compared the pharmacokinetics, efficacy, safety, and tissue residue concentrations of 4 doses of firocoxib (0.5, 1.0, 1.5, or 2.0 mg/kg) administered to sows and delivered to nursing piglets prior to processing. Sixteen sows, 5 ± 2 d postpartum, were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 treatment groups. On day 0, sows received a single intramuscular dose of firocoxib at 7 ± 1 h before piglet surgical castration, tail docking, and teeth clipping (males) or sham handling (females). Firocoxib and cortisol concentrations were determined from selected samples collected from sows and 3 piglets per litter (2 barrows and 1 gilt) at 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 24, 48, 72, 96, and 120 h after drug administration. On day 21, piglets were weighed and all animals were euthanized and necropsied. Tissues were collected from 3 piglets per litter for histological examination and drug residue analysis. Mean (±SEM) peak plasma firocoxib concentrations (Cmax) were 107.90 ± 15.18, 157.50 ± 24.91, 343.68 ± 78.89, and 452.83 ± 90.27 ng/mL in sows receiving 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 mg/kg firocoxib, respectively, and 9.53 ± 1.21, 31.04 ± 6.79, 53.30 ± 11.1, and 44.03 ± 7.47 ng/mL in their respective piglets. Mean plasma terminal half-life values ranged from 26 to 31 h in sows and 30 to 48 h in piglets. Barrows nursing sows that received 2.0 mg/kg firocoxib had a lower mean plasma cortisol concentration at 1 ± 1 h after processing compared with barrows nursing sows that received 1.0 mg/kg (P = 0.0416) and 0.5 mg/kg of firocoxib (P = 0.0397). From processing to weaning, litters of sows receiving 2.0 mg/kg firocoxib gained more weight than litters of sows that received 0.5 mg/kg (P = 0.008) or 1.0 mg/kg (P = 0.005). No signs of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug toxicity were observed on examination of the kidney, liver, stomach, and small intestine, and concentrations of firocoxib and the descyclopropylmethyl metabolite were below the limit of detection (0.01 µg/g) in all tissues examined from sows and piglets. These findings indicate that maternal delivery of firocoxib to suckling piglets before tail docking and castration may safely reduce processing-induced stress and enhance production by increasing weaning weights.
Developing Mass Egg-Laying Medium for the Edible Ruspolia differens (Orthoptera: Tettigonidae)
Authors: Malinga Geoffrey M , Lehtovaara Vilma J , Valtonen Anu , Nyeko Philip , Roininen Heikki 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
The edible katydid, Ruspolia differens (Serville), is an economically and nutritionally important insect species that is common and widespread in Africa. Currently, there are aims to develop mass-rearing methods suitable for this species, but a critical first step would require a suitable oviposition medium to ensure economic and easy production of eggs with high hatchability. The objective of the present study was to determine the oviposition preference and egg hatchability in different oviposition media. Based on preliminary testing of a wide range of different materials, two oviposition media, namely, artificial (folded plastic cloth) and natural medium (leaf sheath of Pennisetum purpureum Schumach attached to a stem), were selected for a detailed experiment. A two-choice laboratory experiment was conducted in which R. differens females were able to select between the folded plastic cloth (one side covered with short fleece) and a leaf sheath of P. purpureum (wrapped in polyester fiber). The results show that R. differens laid almost three times more eggs on the plastic cloth (mean ± SE, 169.3 ± 18.0) than on the natural substrate, P. purpurem (69.0 ± 13.9). However, the hatchability (overall mean% ± SE, 56.5 ± 4.7) of eggs in the two media did not differ. Folded plastic cloth, therefore, provided a more effective medium for egg laying by R. differens, and is thus a promising oviposition medium for getting natural populations to start laying eggs in future mass rearing.
Sensitivity of the Egg Parasitoid Trissolcus japonicus (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) to Field and Laboratory-Applied Insecticide Residue
Authors: Lowenstein David M , Andrews Heather , Mugica Anthony , Wiman Nik G 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
The spread of adventive Trissolcus japonicus (Ashmead, 1904) populations in North America is anticipated to increase biological control of Halyomorpha halys (Stål; Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), the brown marmorated stink bug. In an agricultural context, biological control will succeed if it can be integrated in an environment with insecticide applications. We investigated T. japonicus compatibility with nine conventional and organic insecticides commonly used in integrated pest management in perennial crops. Through evaluating mortality and longevity in field and laboratory trials, we determined that T. japonicus fares poorly when exposed to residues of neonicotinoids and pyrethroids. Spinosad resulted in the highest percentage of T. japonicus mortality, 100% in the laboratory and 97% in a field trial. The anthranilic diamide, chlorantraniliprole, had the lowest lethality, with no differences compared to an untreated control. Trissolcus japonicus survived insecticide applications in hazelnut orchards, and over 50% of wasps remained alive after contact with the anthranilic diamides, chlorantraniliprole and cyantraniliprole, the biopesticide Chromobacterium, and an untreated control. Our results indicate that T. japonicus is unlikely to survive and parasitize H. halys in settings that coincide with broad-spectrum insecticide application. Future T. japonicus redistributions could continue in orchards treated with anthranilic diamides and Chromobacterium. As H. halys is a landscape-level pest, orchards may also benefit from biological control if T. japonicus are released in unsprayed areas adjacent to agriculture and in urban sites.
NATIONAL DIAGNOSTIC REFERENCE LEVELS IN INTERVENTIONAL RADIOLOGY SUITES IN LEBANON: A MULTICENTER SURVEY
Authors: Rizk C , Farah J , Vanhavere F , Fares G 
Published: April 2019

ABSTRACT
Air kerma-area product (PKA), cumulative air kerma at patient entrance reference point, fluoroscopy time and number of images were retrospectively collected from 15 hospitals in Lebanon for 11282 fluoroscopically-guided interventional (FGI) procedures between March 2016 and November 2018. National diagnostic reference levels (NDRLs) were established based on the third quartile of the distribution of median values of exposure parameters per department for 27 types of FGI procedures. NDRLs were in line with international DRLs except for coronary angiography (CA), percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) and transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) which require optimisation. Additionally, following the National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements report 168, PCI, TAVI, triple chamber pacemaker implantation, endovascular aortic repair, nephrostomy, kyphoplasty and percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage were classified as potentially high-dose procedures with &gt;5% of the patients with PKA exceeding 300 Gycm2. The established NDRLs will promote dose optimisation and patient radiation protection.
David against Goliath? Legal protection against supervisory actions in Switzerland
Authors: Studen Goran 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
In many respects, Swiss foundations are truly unique, also in terms of governance. Unlike other legal entities that are subject to external control by governmental bodies due to their specific activities (eg financial market regulation and supervision), Swiss foundations—with the exemption of ecclesiastical and family foundations—are supervised irrespective of the specific nature of their activities. This creates a special relationship between the supervised and the supervisor. However, problems occur when foundations find themselves exposed to supervisory actions they consider unjustified. Against this background, this article examines the instruments and the effectiveness of legal protection available to Swiss foundations.
Important considerations for women in the late reproductive and perimenopausal years desiring myomectomy
Authors: Pepin Kristen , Reddy Himabindu , Clark Nisse V. 
Published: April 2019

Purpose of review
To review important considerations in the counseling and management of women over the age of 40 desiring a myomectomy for symptomatic fibroids.

Recent findings
Women in the late reproductive and perimenopausal years may choose a myomectomy over a hysterectomy for reasons of fertility preservation or a personal desire to retain their uterus. Data suggest that laparoscopic myomectomy is a low-risk procedure that can be offered to older women, though the age-related risk of uterine malignancy must be evaluated.

Summary
When assessing the surgical candidacy of older women desiring myomectomy, it is important to weigh a woman's fertility potential, surgical risk, and concerns about malignancy with her desire to preserve the uterus and autonomy to choose a procedure type.
Safety and Efficacy of Supratarsal Triamcinolone for Treatment of Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis in Ireland
Authors: McSwiney Terence J. , Power Barry , Murphy Conor C. , Brosnahan Donal , Power William 
Published: April 2019

Purpose:
To describe the clinical features, risk factors, and treatment outcomes after supratarsal injection of triamcinolone for vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC).

Methods:
A retrospective review of all patients treated with supratarsal triamcinolone for VKC between February 2002 and May 2017 at the Royal Victoria Eye and Ear Hospital and Our Lady's Children Hospital Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland, was performed.

Results:
Twenty-five patients, 46 eyes, and 145 injections were included for analysis. The mean age at first injection was 9.1 ± 5.7 years. Ninety-six percent of the patients were male. A seasonal variation was noted, with 59 injections (41%) of triamcinolone administered for acute and refractive cases of VKC in the summer compared with 35 (24%), 35 (24%), and 16 (11%) in the spring, autumn, and winter months, respectively. The most common presenting complaint was red eye, which was seen in all cases. Hay fever (64%) was the most common associated systemic disease. Each eye required, on average, 3.2 injections (range 1–9 injections), and the mean duration from the onset of symptoms to final treatment was 3.03 years (range 0–7.9 years). The mean presenting and final visual acuities were 0.33 and 0.11 logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution, respectively (P < 0.0001). During our study period, no patient experienced intraocular pressure rise requiring treatment, development of lenticular opacity, or ptosis after supratarsal injection of triamcinolone.

Conclusions:
In this case series, supratarsal triamcinolone was used in cases of VKC in which topical medications had failed to control the disease process. All patients reported improvement after treatment. There were no cases of intraocular pressure rise, lenticular opacity, or ptosis development after treatment.
Epidemiologic Features of Systemic Vasculitides in the Southeast Region of Brazil
Authors: Belem Joice Moraes Faria Monteiro , Pereira Rosa Maria Rodrigues , Perez Mariana Ortega , do Prado Leandro Lara , Calich Ana Luisa , Sachetto Zoraida , Bacchiega Ana Beatriz Santos , Simil Fabrícia Fonseca , Pedreira Ana Luisa , Gazzeta Morgana Ohira , Dinis Valquíria G. , Mariz Henrique Ataíde , Duque Ruben Horst , Schau Bruno , Santiago Mittermayer Barreto , Ferreira Gilda Aparecida , Ochtrop Manuella Lima Gomes , Gonçalves Célio Roberto , Rêgo Jozelia , Levy Roger Abramino , de Souza Alexandre Wagner Silva 
Published: April 2019

Background/ObjectiveThe epidemiology of vasculitis is variable in different geographic areas, and this issue has not been approached in Brazil yet. The objective of this study was to assess the frequency of vasculitis in specialized centers in Brazil.MethodsThis cross-sectional study was performed in 9 vasculitis outpatient clinics from 6 different states mainly from the Southeast and the Northeast regions of Brazil between 2015 and 2017. Diagnosis and/or classification criteria for Behçet disease (BD), Takayasu arteritis (TA), giant cell arteritis (GCA), polyarteritis nodosa (PAN), granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA), microscopic polyangiitis (MPA), eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA), and cryoglobulinemic vasculitis (CryoVas) were used to include patients with at least 6 months of follow-up in this hospital-based survey.ResultsA total of 1233 patients with systemic vasculitis were included from the Southeast region. Behçet disease was the most frequent vasculitis (35.0%) followed by TA (26.4%), GPA (16.2%), PAN (5.8%), GCA (5.8%), EGPA (4.3%), MPA (3.4%), and CryoVas (3.0%). Up to 7.8% of vasculitis patients had a juvenile onset, and the frequency of vasculitides found in children and adolescents was as follows: TA (52.6%), BD (24.7%), GPA (12.4%), and PAN (10.3%). No cases of EGPA, MPA, and CryoVas were diagnosed before the age of 18 years. As a comparator, 103 vasculitis patients were included in the Northeast of Brazil where TA was found in 36.9% and BD in 31.1% of vasculitis cases. No GCA cases were found in the Northeast part of Brazil.ConclusionsSimilar to the epidemiology of vasculitis in Asia, BD and TA are the most frequent vasculitis in Southeastern Brazilian referral centers.
Role of Serial 68Ga DOTANOC PET-CT Scans in Follow-up of Metastatic Bronchial Carcinoid
Authors: Tripathy Sarthak , Kumar Rakesh 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Neuroendocrine tumors are slow-growing indolent tumors and often present with metastatic disease at the outset. We hereby discuss the 68Ga DOTANOC PET-CT findings of a 48-year-old man who has underwent lobectomy for bronchial carcinoid and developed multiple metastatic disease thereafter with event-free survival for the last 12 years.
Administrator Perspectives on Writing Instructional Practices for Students With Complex Learning Needs
Authors: Sturm Janet M. , Asaro-Saddler Kristie , Nitzel Audrey 
Published: April 2019

The adoption of national literacy standards has resulted in writing becoming a priority for students with complex learning needs (CLN). Given extrinsic (school-based) and intrinsic (student-based) barriers, there is a need to understand how educational systems can provide innovative research- and standards-based writing instruction for these students. The creation of new educational standards and expectations, however, does not result in rapid and immediate change in how instruction occurs for these students. The purpose of this pilot study was to collect data concerning the knowledge, attitudes, and observed barriers toward writing instruction for students with CLN as perceived by educational administrators.

Method:
This preliminary study was anchored in the field of implementation science to better understand readiness, adoption, and sustainability of innovative writing instructional practices for students with CLN. Administrator perceptions were obtained through didactic interviews, and a qualitative research design was used to understand themes from the data.

Results:
Results showed that a central challenge across educators is a lack of awareness that change in instructional practice is needed, as well as a perception that these students are not capable of becoming writers. Educational administrators also identified factors that increase positive outcomes when implementing writing instruction for students with CLN.

Conclusions:
To effectively implement writing instruction for students with CLN, educational administrators will need to consider barriers that impact readiness, adoption, and sustainability and develop systematic solutions that increase overall success.
Lifesaving Electroconvulsive Therapy for a Child With Autism Spectrum Disorder, Severe Self-Injurious Behavior, and Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome
Authors: González-Romero María Fernanda , Avina-Galindo Ana Michelle , Elbe Dean , Friedlander Robin , Vila-Rodriguez Fidel 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
We present a case of a preteen with autism spectrum disorder and severe self-injurious behavior who developed neuroleptic malignant syndrome on antipsychotics and required urgent electroconvulsive therapy and continued maintenance electroconvulsive therapy for ongoing clinical stability.
The Use of Electroconvulsive Therapy in Eating Disorders
Authors: Pacilio Rachel M. , Livingston Robin K. , Gordon Mollie R. 
Published: April 2019

Objective
The aim of this study was to determine the potential for safe and effective use of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) in treating eating disorders (EDs) in patients with and without comorbid psychiatric disorders.

Methods
A review of the literature pertaining to the use of ECT in patients with EDs was performed through PubMed, PsycINFO, and MEDLINE. Search terms included “Electroconvulsive Therapy,” “ECT,” and “Electroshock” each combined with “Anorexia Nervosa,” “Bulimia Nervosa,” “Binge Eating Disorder,” “Eating Disorder,” “EDNOS,” and “OSFED.” Additionally, a case in which ECT was used in treating a patient with anorexia nervosa is presented.

Results
Eighty-nine articles were reviewed, and 11 were selected for inclusion. These articles detailed 14 patients with active EDs who received ECT during their course of treatment. Of these patients, 13 were noted to have shown improvement in disordered eating after receiving ECT, and no adverse medical outcomes were reported. Our case detailed an additional patient who benefitted from ECT.

Conclusions
There are limited data supporting the use of ECT in treating EDs; however, there is evidence to support that ECT is safe in this population and has been effective in cases of patients with AN with and without psychiatric comorbidities as well as binge eating disorder. More research is needed for treatment guidelines.
Carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) isolated from pigs in China
Authors: Tong Man-Ki , Chun-Jiao Liu Melissa , Ling-Yi Lai Eileen , Chow Kin-Hung , Ho Pak-Leung 
Published: April 2019

Background
The increasing prevalence of CPE is a global concern in public health. CPE were found to be present in livestock. Food animals act as a reservoir for NDM-producing bacteria. However, there is limited information about CPE in food animals. Here we screen the carbapenemase-producing bacteria in pig samples.

Objective
To investigate the prevalence of carbapenem resistance in swine from China.

Methods
A total of 138 rectal swabs from pigs imported from China were collected in Hong Kong between June 2017 and Oct 2018. Bacterial identification was conducted by MALDI-TOF for all isolates. Carba-NP test and disc diffusion method were performed to detect carbapenemase and determine the antibiotic susceptibility. Identification of carbapenemase gene and replicon type of plasmid, and further characterization of isolates were performed through PCR and next-generation sequencing respectively.

Results
Twenty-one CPE isolates including Escherichia coli (n=20) and Enterobacter cloacae (n=1) were isolated from 20 pigs, which were resistant to carbapenem (meropenem, ertapenem and imipenem). The prevalence rate of carbapenemase producers was 14 % (20/138). All isolates were positive in carba-NP test and harboured carbapenemase gene bla
NDM. Two-third of IncX3 (14/21) plasmid appeared in bla
NDM-producing isolates. Different resistance patterns were discovered among NDM-carrying isolates, but all of them were susceptible to fosfomycin and azithromycin.

Conclusion
Our data show that the prevalence of carbapenem-resistance Enterobacteriaceae among swine in China during 2017 to 2018 . It is also observed that NDM carbapenemases is still circulating in pigs over times.
Athlete’s foot: associated microbes and risk factors of infection transmission among football players
Authors: Ogba Ofonime , Idoo-Bube Barilee 
Published: April 2019

Background
Tinea pedis is one of the most common superficial skin infections and represents a major public health problem globally. It is common among athletes especially soccer players. This cross sectional prospective study was carried out to determine the degree of occurrence of tinea pedis and the associated risk factors among soccer players.

Methods
Eighty subjects with visible lesion of tinea pedis were enrolled for the study after obtaining informed consent and Ethical clearance from the subjects and relevant authorities respectively. A structured questionnaire was administered to the subjects for data on risk factors for infection and demography. The AFSI was used to assess the lesions. Skin scrapings were obtained from lesions for analysis. Samples were subjected to microscopy, culture and physiologic testing.

Results
A total of 52/80 (65.0 %) athlete’s foot infection rate was recorded in the study. Dermatophytes recovery rate was 29/52 (55.8 %) while yeasts and non-dermatophytes moulds’ recovery rate was 23/52 (44.2 %). Subjects with AFSI > 1  had (38.5%) infection rates but there was no significant association between AFSI and athletes’ foot (χ2=5.4; P≥0.05). Fungal and bacterial co-infection rate was 42.5 %. Trichophyton meantagrophyte 8 (15.5 %) was the most common dermatophyte while Aspergillus niger 6 (11.5 %) was the most common non-dermatophyte. The highest risk factor of infection transmission among subjects was the use of public gym 28 (35.0 %).

Conclusion
Dermatophytes and non-dermatophytes were associated with the athlete’s foot. The name tinea pedis should be reconsidered. The use of public sports facility may foster infection transmission.