bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of Human Papillomavirus‐Associated Head and Neck Cancer in Rwanda: A 10‐Year Review
Authors: Rubagumya Fidel , Businge Lydia , Hopman Wilma H. , Murenzi Gad , Uwimbabazi Aline , Kwizera Vincent , Imuragire Julienne , Muvunyi Thierry Z. , Izimukwiye Isabelle , Adedimeji Adebola , Barney Rachael E. , Tsongalis Gregory J. , Chamberlin Mary D. , Anastos Kathryn , Kabarriti Rafi 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionHead and neck cancer (HNC) is a significant global health burden, with late presentation leading to complex treatment. While human papillomavirus (HPV) infection has been implicated in HNC, data from low‐ and middle‐income countries (LMICs) are limited. In this study, we investigated the prevalence and role of HPV in head and neck cancers diagnosed in Rwanda.MethodsA retrospective cross‐sectional study was conducted using Rwanda Cancer Registry from January 2011 through December 2020. p16 immunohistochemistry as a surrogate for HPV was performed on a randomly selected case. p16‐positive cases were genotyped.ResultsA total of 1001 patients with HNC were identified; 82% (n = 819) had squamous cell carcinoma. The mean age at diagnosis was 51.1 years, with a majority being males (58%). Oral cavity and lip (27%) were the most common primary cancer sites. Stage was unknown in most cases (75%, n = 747). HIV status was known in 33% (n = 334) of patients with 10% (n = 33) HIV‐positive; 22% of 202 randomly selected cases were p16‐positive; 34% of the p16‐positive cases were oropharynx. PCR analysis of p16‐positive cases showed 19% HPV positivity, and HPV16 was the most common high‐risk HPV strain, and 55.5% were recorded HPV‐positive by PCR.ConclusionsHNC cases in Rwanda have been increasing from 2011 to 2020, with a significant portion being HPV‐positive. Strategies to implement routine testing for p16, especially in oropharynx cancer patients, improved preservation of tissue samples, collection of comprehensive information including cancer risk factors, staging, and treatment are needed in Rwanda.
Synthesis, Urease Inhibitory Activity, Molecular Docking, Dynamics, MMGBSA and DFT Studies of Hydrazone‐Schiff Bases Bearing Benzimidazole Scaffold
Authors: Shakoor Abdul , Jan Faheem , Rahman Sudais , Ali Mumtaz , Ibrahim Muhammad , Khan Hammad , Alam Aftab , Khan Ajmal , Ali Abid , Al‐Olayan Ebtesam , Abukhadra Mostafa R. , Al‐Harrasi Ahmed , Khan Momin 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn this study, eleven hydrazone‐Schiff bases bearing benzimidazole moiety were synthesized successfully via three step reactions and structures of these products were deduced by HR‐ESI‐MS, 1H‐, and 13C‐NMR spectroscopic techniques. Lastly, these derivatives were tested for their in vitro urease inhibitory potential. Six compounds among the series attributed excellent inhibition with IC50 values of 7.20±0.59 to 19.61±1.10 μM better than the reference drug thiourea (IC50=22.12±1.20 μM). Similarly, three derivatives showed significant while two compounds showed less inhibitory effects against the urease enzyme. The molecular docking analysis was carried out to reveal the binding modes and types of interaction taking place between protein (urease) and synthesized compounds. The Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations were performed at B3LYP/6‐311++G(d,p) to check the structure stability. For the account of intramolecular interaction, the DFT−D3 and Reduced Density Gradient (RDG) analysis were performed. Furthermore, the chemical nature of all compounds was explored by TD‐DFT method using CAM−B3LYP functional with 6–311++G(d,p) basis set. The dynamic simulation as well as MMGBSA studies validated the binding affinity and stability of the ligand receptor complex, displaying main interactions contributing in the biological activity of the product derivatives.
Odontogenic carcinosarcoma of the mandible: A case report
Authors: Aminishakib Pouyan , Mosavat Farzaneh , Bayati Mahsa , Garajei Ata 
Published: November 2024

Key Clinical MessageOdontogenic carcinosarcoma, a rare and challenging diagnosis, was identified in a 60‐year‐old male through histopathology, revealing a biphasic neoplasm with malignant epithelial and mesenchymal components. Surgical resection is crucial for management, highlighting the importance of vigilant postoperative follow‐up to ensure early detection of any recurrence.AbstractOne rare mixed malignant odontogenic tumor is odontogenic carcinosarcoma, which comprises malignant epithelial and mesenchymal components. Diagnosing odontogenic carcinosarcoma is challenging due to its rarity and atypical clinical presentation. This study reports a 60‐year‐old male patient who presented with a painless swelling on the right side of his face and experienced facial asymmetry for 6 months, ultimately diagnosed with odontogenic carcinosarcoma. A biphasic neoplasm with malignant alterations in both epithelial and mesenchymal components was identified upon histopathological examination. MRI imaging showed an expansile multilobulated lytic lesion with cortical erosion and extraosseous extension in the posterior region of the right mandibular body and ramus. Following contrast administration, homogeneous lesion enhancement was observed, with a few small non‐enhancing necrotic areas in central parts. The patient subsequently underwent a right hemi‐mandibulectomy with resection of adjacent soft tissues and neck dissection due to lymph node involvement. The resulting defect was reconstructed using a pectoralis major flap. No recurrence or metastasis was reported during the 6‐month follow‐up, reinforcing the positive results. This case highlights the importance of recognizing odontogenic carcinosarcoma and underscores the challenges in diagnosing and managing this rare tumor. Early identification and aggressive treatment can lead to positive outcomes, as evidenced by the absence of recurrence or metastasis in this patient during the follow‐up period.
Dual‐Site NiO/Bi3O4Br Heterojunction Catalyst for High‐Efficiency CO2‐to‐CH4 Conversion
Authors: Jiang Wenhan , He Yiling , Zhu Xinxin , Liu Yu , Zhou Yanbo , Zhou Yi 
Published: November 2024

AbstractSolar light‐driven conversion of CO2 into chemicals with high calorific value is regarded as an upcoming carbon utilization technology for alleviating the energy crisis. This technique faces the challenge of low CO2 conversion and product yield due to charge recombination in the catalyst. In this paper, a dual‐reaction site heterojunction catalyst was designed and fabricated by combining NiO with Bi3O4Br nanosheets, for the separation of CO2 reduction and H2O oxidation semireactions, which effectively promoted electrons and holes separation. The resulting catalyst exhibited a high CH4 production rate (8.12 µmol/g) and selectivity (94.69%). Electron distribution and band structure were investigated to explain the satisfactory catalytic performance. In addition, combining the in‐situ DRIFTS results, a formic acid‐intermediated CO2‐to‐CH4 reaction pathway was proposed. This work aims to pave the way for CH4 production via CO2 photoreduction with high efficiency and selectivity.
Stereocatalytic Effect of CeO2 for the Synthesis of trans‐3‐Penten‐2‐ol
Authors: Yan Siyang , Feng Ruilin , Liu Jiaxu , Bai Chenxi , Qi Yanlong 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe transformation of biobased alkanediols over heterogeneous catalysts is a major object. Here, a series of catalysts were prepared for 2,4‐pentanediol dehydration to 3‐penten‐2‐ol. Ceria‐based catalysts had a unique property of showing high efficiency. More importantly, a stereocatalytic effect was observed for CeO2, yielding trans‐3‐penten‐2‐ol with a high selectivity. Raman, XPS, TPD, and TPR were carried out to clarify the catalyst structure, and the relationship between the catalyst structure and catalytic performance were studied. The amount of Lewis acid sites can hardly be correlated with the total concentrations of the oxygen vacancies. It was suggested that the geometry structure of the active sites played a crucial role in trans‐3‐penten‐2‐ol production. The oxygen vacancies originating from CeO2 consisted of active sites with a geometrical structure, which were different from those created by Pr doping CeO2. In addition, the Pr doping enhanced the oxygen migration, which resulted in side reactions, consequently, giving a lower selectivity to trans‐3‐penten‐2‐ol.
Organocatalytic Electrophilic Arene Amination: Rapid Synthesis of 2‐Quinolones
Authors: Das Tamal Kanti , Ghosh Arghya , Grimm Zachary , Aguinaga Ulises , Yousufuddin Muhammed , Kürti László 
Published: November 2024

AbstractFor decades, the synthesis of 2‐quinolones, a crucial structural motif in pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals, has relied heavily on costly noble metal complexes and structurally complex ligands. Despite considerable efforts from synthetic chemists, a mild, metal‐free, environmentally friendly, and cost‐effective approach has remained elusive. This study introduces a robust, metal‐free synthetic platform that leverages an innovative organoiodine‐catalyzed electrophilic arene C(sp2)−H amination strategy to efficiently produce a wide range of new and modifiable 2‐quinolones. Moreover, this study allows ready synthetic access to novel 8‐aryl‐substituted 2‐quinolones, uncovering new chemical spaces with significant potential for medicinal applications.
Proximity Effects and Aggregation of Hamilton‐Receptor Barbiturate Host–Guest Complexes Probed by Cross‐Metathesis and ESI MS Analysis
Authors: Li Chenming , Mai Pascal , Festag Niclas , Marinow Anja , Binder Wolfgang H. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe molecular environment around supramolecular bonding systems significantly affects their stability and the assembly of host–guest complexes, most prominent for hydrogen bonds (H‐bonds). Hamilton receptor‐barbiturate host–guest complexes are well‐known in solution, typically forming a 1 : 1 molar ratio complex. However, within a polymer matrix, these complexes can form higher‐order assemblies, deviating from the standard 1 : 1 complex, which are challenging to characterize and often require lab‐intensive methods. In this study, a novel Hamilton receptor (H) was equipped with cyclopentene moieties and used as a host to form host–guest complexes (H−B) with allobarbital (B), followed by covalent crosslinking. UV‐Vis spectroscopy titration experiments in different solvents and at various temperatures revealed that polar solvents containing additional H‐bonding sites significantly reduce the formation of the 1 : 1 H−B complex, as indicated by a reduced association constant. Higher‐order aggregates (HH‐dimer, HHH‐trimer) were subsequently detected via an alkene cross‐metathesis (CM) reaction to fix the assemblies covalently, followed by analysis via electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI MS). This two‐step method, firstly via CM fixation followed by ESI MS, was extended to study the H−B model complex within a polyisobutylene (PIB) matrix, presenting a direct method to analyze the complex host–guest assembly in solvent‐free (polymer) environments.
Emergence of Optical Activity and Surface Morphology Changes in Racemic Amino Acid Films Under Circularly Polarized Lyman‐α Light Irradiation
Authors: Kobayashi Masahiro , Takahashi Jun‐ichi , Ota Hiroshi , Matsuo Koichi , Ibrahim Mohamed I. A. , Minato Taketoshi , Fujimori Gen , Katoh Masahiro , Kobayashi Kensei , Kebukawa Yoko , Nakamura Hiroaki 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThe homochirality of life remains one of the most enigmatic issues in the study of the origin of life. A proposed mechanism for symmetry breaking involves irradiation by circularly polarized light (CPL). To investigate the photoreaction of amino acids under CPL irradiation, a vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) CPL irradiation system was developed at the synchrotron light source UVSOR‐III. Hydrogen Lyman‐α CPL (121.6 nm) is considered a potential asymmetric source in space. Therefore, racemic alanine film samples were irradiated with Lyman‐α CPL to explore the photoreaction of biomolecules. Circular dichroism (CD) spectra measurements revealed that irradiation with right‐ (left‐) handed CPL induced a positive (negative) anisotropy factor g in the wavelength range of 180–240 nm. However, the spectra differed from those of enantiopure alanine, exhibiting broad wavelength ranges and no sign change. Liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry (LC–MS) measurements indicate formation of larger molecules, such as oligomeric alanine adducts or modified oligomers after the Lyman‐α CPL irradiation. Additionally, CPL irradiation considerably changes the microstructure of the alanine film surface, leading to the formation of circular network aggregates on the scale of 100 nm. The morphology changes in the alanine film and/or the formation of the larger molecules could be possible causes of the modified anisotropy factor spectra compared to those of enantiopure alanine. These findings highlight the need for further research on the photoreaction of biomolecules in solid states under VUV CPL irradiation, particularly in the photoionization energy range, to validate the cosmic scenario of homochirality.
Ingrown Leading to Hierarchical SAPO‐34 with High Catalytic Activity
Authors: Shen Xuefeng , Ding Jiajia , Ye Yingchun , Liu Hongxing , Xie Zaiku 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIntroduce meso/macro‐pore to the crystal of SAPO‐34 is an efficient way to overcome its inherent diffusion resistance. Porogen, formation hierarchical structure by inhibiting the growth of the crystals, would increase the costs of SAPO‐34 and is usually not friendly to environment. In this work, an ingrowth route to synthesize hierarchical SAPO‐34 is developed by secondary silica addition via hydrothermal method. Hierarchical porous SAPO‐34 was synthesized without adding any pore‐generating agent. Secondary silica addition put off the Si and P transferring from the mother liquid to gel phase, leading to the chemical composition of surface first meeting to the crystallization conditions. Then the crystallization started from the surface to the inside of the amorphous particles. The hierarchical SAPO‐34 showed numerous meso/macro pore structure and weaker acid strength. So the hierarchical SAPO‐34 showed better catalytic activity than the conventional SAPO‐34 in MTO reaction.
Neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (NLR) at diagnosis in essential thrombocythemia: A new promising predictor of thrombotic events
Authors: Ripamonti Alessia , Cavalca Fabrizio , Montelisciani Laura , Antolini Laura , Gambacorti‐Passerini Carlo , Elli Elena Maria 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundMyeloproliferative neoplasms represent a heterogeneous group of acquired hematopoietic stem cell diseases in which chronic inflammation is essential for both clonal evolution and thrombotic complications. The neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (NLR), reflecting the imbalance between systemic inflammation and immunity, is emerging as a prognostic biomarker in several diseases, including hematological ones.MethodsA total of 473 patients with essential thrombocythemia (ET), the relationship between NLR value at diagnosis and the risk of thrombotic events in the follow‐up, in addition to conventional clinical and biological variables, were retrospectively analyzed.ResultsA total of 78 thrombotic events were reported for an incidence rate of 1.8 × 100 patients/year. In multivariate analysis, NLR value ≥4 at diagnosis was associated with higher cumulative thrombotic risk (hazard ratio [HR], 2.05; 95% CI, 1.29–2.28; p = .0001) as well International Prognostic Score for Thrombosis in Essential Thrombosis score intermediate‐high (HR, 2.69; 95% CI, 1.27–5.72; p = .01) and diabetes (HR, 2.49; 95% CI, 1.23–3.05; p = .010). Concerning arterial thrombotic events, in multivariate analysis, NLR value at diagnosis ≥4 was predictive for thrombosis (HR, 2.13; 95% CI, 1.31–4.04; p = .001 as well diabetes (HR, 2.44; 95% CI, 1.05–5.68; p = .04) and hypertension (HR, 2.46; 95% CI, 1.05–5.68; p = .01). About venous thrombotic events, NLR value ≥5 was a marker predictive for venous thrombosis (HR, 2.99; 95% CI, 2.45–6.48; p = .01) as well age >60 years old (HR, 2.26; 95% CI, 1.0–5.10; p = .05).ConclusionNLR value is a simple, cost‐effective, and easy‐to‐obtain inflammatory marker that can predict a diagnosis the risk of thrombosis in ET. Our results suggest that NLR value could be integrated into conventional cardiovascular risk scores, to better classify high‐risk patients who are candidates for cytoreductive therapy. Further larger and prospective studies are warranted.
Curcuma Longa Derived Heteroatom‐Self‐Doped Porous Carbon for Cost‐Effective Solid‐State Supercapacitors
Authors: Sangeetha Gopan G. S. , Abraham Nelsa , Rani S. , Kurian Dona , Alana K. M. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe cost‐effective synthesis of supercapacitors is a significant challenge in energy storage research. This study introduces a sustainable and cost‐effective method for synthesizing biomass‐derived carbon for solid‐state supercapacitor fabrication. Turmeric (Curcuma longa) plant waste is carbonized at three distinct temperatures (500, 600, and 700 °C for 3 hours), and the resulting carbon is characterized to determine the optimal carbonization conditions. Physicochemical characterization revealed the presence of multiple heteroatoms, which may contribute to enhanced capacitance. Electrochemical studies showed that the carbonized material at 600 °C achieved the highest specific capacitance of 110.04 F/g at 0.1 A/g current density. After activation, the specific capacitance increased to 188 F/g at 0.1 A/g current density. A solid‐state supercapacitor was assembled using the synthesized activated carbon and PVA/H2SO4 gel‐type electrolyte. The resulting device exhibited an impressive specific capacitance of 92.33 F/g at 0.1 A/g, a power density of 4295.28 W/kg, and a cycling stability of 97.42 %. This supercapacitor shows promising potential as an economical and sustainable energy storage solution for portable electronics.
Quantitative Comparison of Age‐Related Development of Oral Functions During Growing Age
Authors: Mizokami Kiichiro , Tohyama Syunnosuke , Kanzaki Hiroyuki , Sasaki Yoji , Katayama Mao , Seki Minami , Rikitake Haruna , Ueda Syoutaro , Sekiya Toshiko , Tomonari Hiroshi 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTObjectivesThis cross‐sectional study aimed to investigate the age‐related development of five major oral functions—tongue pressure, lip pressure, masticatory efficiency, bite force, and occlusal contact area—in subjects aged 5–20 years.Material and MethodsNinety‐two subjects were divided into four age groups: 5–8, 9–12, 13–16, and 17–20 years. Oral functions were evaluated using standardized methods, including Chew Check Gum for assessing masticatory efficiency, Dental Prescale II for measuring occlusal force and contact area, JMS tongue pressure measuring device for evaluating tongue pressure, and Ripple‐Kun for measuring lip pressure.ResultsOcclusal contact area, maximum bite force, tongue pressure, and masticatory efficiency gradually increased with age, whereas lip pressure remained stable. The occlusal contact area temporarily decreased between 5 and 12 years of age, likely due to the replacement of erupting lateral teeth. Some differences were observed between males and females; however, overall trends in oral function parameters were similar. Spearman's rank correlation analyses revealed significant positive correlations between age and occlusal contact area, bite force, tongue pressure, and masticatory efficiency.ConclusionsOral function parameters exhibited different age‐related development patterns. Occlusal contact area, maximum bite force, tongue pressure, and masticatory efficiency gradually increased with age. Interestingly, the occlusal contact area tended to reduce temporarily between 5 and 12 years of age due to the replacement of erupting lateral teeth. Conversely, lip pressure was almost stable during this period. Our findings provide valuable insights into the developmental patterns of oral functions during the growing years.
Transgene effects vary among maize populations with implications for improving quantitative traits
Authors: Linares Julien F. , Coles Nathan D. , Mo Hua , Habben Jeffrey E. , Humbert Sabrina , Messina Carlos , Tang Tom , Cooper Mark , Gho Carla , Carrasco Ricardo , Carter Javier , Flounders Jillian Wicher , Brummer E. Charles 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe goal of transgenesis in plant breeding is to make step‐change improvements in traits of interest. However, improving quantitative traits, such as yield in maize (Zea mays L.), with transgenes has been difficult. Traditionally, transgene testing is done on a few isogenic lines, and results are extrapolated to entire breeding populations. Testing on limited germplasm does not provide a robust estimate of a transgene's value. Incorporating transgenes directly into breeding populations could increase genetic variance and the rate of genetic gain. Here, we used a transgene that reduces ethylene as a case study and investigated event, transgene, family, and environment effects and their interactions. We also determined whether introduction of the transgene into a breeding population would result in transgenic lines being preferentially selected over nontransgenic lines for yield. We found significant variation in transgene effects across clustered environments and families for multiple traits including yield. In environmental Cluster 2, the transgenic lines yielded 0.4 Mg ha−1 more than nontransgenic lines in family KC22; yet, in family QY43, transgenic lines yielded 0.3 Mg ha−1 less. Similarly, within Cluster 4, the QY43 family had preferential selection of transgenic over nontransgenic lines, whereas in families YE41 and AY91, nontransgenic lines were selected more frequently. These results show the critical importance of evaluating transgenes across broad germplasm diversity to assess their general value to a program. Integrating transgenes, or using gene editing, directly in a breeding program can expand genetic variation for quantitative traits and potentially accelerate genetic gain.