bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Can urban environmental problems be overcome? The case of Skopje–world’s most polluted city
Authors: Arsovski Slobodan , Kwiatkowski Michał , Lewandowska Aleksandra , Peshevska Dimitrinka Jordanova , Sofeska Emilija , Dymitrow Mirek 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe condition of the environment is one of the most fundamental concerns of cities worldwide, especially when high levels of pollution and environmental destruction exert immense impact on people’s quality of life. This paper focuses on Skopje, the capital of Macedonia, which often tops the charts as the world’s most polluted city. Despite associated problems such as congestion, ill health, and premature death, Macedonia’s scarce resources are instead spent on controversial projects, such as ‘Skopje 2014’, involving creating a national identity through massive and extremely costly constructions of neo-classical government buildings, museums and monuments. The aim of this paper is to compare the situation of Skopje to environmentally oriented activities conducted in several Polish cities and to discuss the possibility of their implementation in Skopje. Considering the scale and scope of Skopje’s environmental problems, the paper offers some priorities for action, including solutions that emphasize institution building, technical input and self-governance. It also highlights a number of economic, ecological, and socio-cultural contradictions involved in the process of achieving sustainable development.
Governance and Management of State-Owned Enterprises in Zanzibar: A Proposed Model for Effective Performance
Authors: Suleiman Shaaban Mwinchum , Hamad Abdalla Ussi , Sulaiman Mashitah Bt 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
In Zanzibar, the status of SOEs is not as satisfactory as other countries. There has been a countrywide outcry on the performance of SOEs. The purpose of this study therefore, was to examine the governance and management of SOEs, highlight some benefits and challenges as well as propose a model for effective performance. Following the reviews of various literature and government documents, the study on hand has found that the governance of SOEs needs close revision regarding their management structure as there are roles conflicts between the top bureaucrats; the study also found that absence of SOEs policy has been a major bottleneck for the SOEs to perform at a reasonable level as no proper guidelines which direct the SOEs where to go and what to achieve in a specific time period. Furthermore, the study has found that the overstaffing of SOEs in one way or another puts pressure to the management to attain its intended goals resulting to low contribution in the country’s economy. The study recommends that SOEs need to be creative and innovative in their undertakings as they have to undertake diversification of their products in order to attract foreign markets significantly. It is also suggested that proper SOEs policy needs to be made in order to give proper directions to the SOEs so that the goal and objectives of their setup can be successfully attained.
Entrepreneurial Innovation: the European Union perspective
Authors: Ignatov Augustin 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Entrepreneurship is the driving force of economic development and progress. A successful state, first of all, provides favourable conditions motivating the businesses to grow and flourish. Presently, the European Union is developing unevenly with multiple economic misbalances across the community, the West and the North being more competitive than the South and the East. The aim of the present research is to examine the framework of interdependence between the degree to which the governance quality and economic freedom in the European Union are supporting entrepreneurial activities and the performance of the community in terms of entrepreneurial innovation. The results reached through applying both qualitative and quantitative analyses show that the interdependence between entrepreneurial innovation and regulatory efficiency is strong for many of the European Union states which is determined by multiple factors including the institutional and economic ones. Also, the present paper underlines the importance of the proper regulatory framework for the efficient development of business innovation. The future research on this matter could consider in depth the impact of socio-cultural environment, its influence on the quality of governance and the impact of both upon the European entrepreneurial innovation.
R&D Investments, EPO Patent Applications and the Economic Heterogeneity within the EU
Authors: Potužáková Zuzana , Öhm Jan 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
In addition to internationalization and growing volumes of international trade in goods, the importance of expenditure on research and development (R&D) has grown significantly. National patent protection has become rather insufficient with increased international trade in goods, which has resulted in the importance of the international patent protection. The main aim of the article is to analyse the relation between R&D investment and the number of patent applications filed with the European Patent Office (EPO) after the year 2000, when the EU‘s Lisbon Strategy was launched. The authors have focused primarily on the differences among the EU macro-regions, which are based on the socioeconomic models. Conclusions imply that one percentage point of R&D expenditure generates roughly 100 EPO applications and the findings also show that individual macro-regions have the identical scattered data. However, dispersions in the individual groups of the EU Member States after the year 2000 differ. The EU Member States are starting to vary significantly in the intensity of R&D support also within each macro-region, thus disparities increase within the EU. Therefore, the attitude to GERD is considered to be an important factor contributing to the greater economic disparities within the EU.
Implementasi model pembelajaran talking chips disertai media fotonovela untuk meningkatkan sikap peduli lingkungan dan kemampuan menyampaikan pendapat mahasiswa
Authors: Widyaningrum Ratna , Prihastari Ema Butsi 
Published: June 2018

<div style="’text-align: justify;"><p>Penelitian ini adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan, (1) sikap peduli lingkungan mahasiswa semester V prodi PGSD; (2) kemampuan menyampaikan pendapat mahasiswa semester V. Subyek dalam penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa semester V kelas 03 Prodi PGSD yang berjumlah 32 mahasiswa. Penelitian dilaksanakan dalam dua siklus yang meliputi tahapan perencanaan, tindakan, observasi, dan refleksi. Data penelitian diperoleh dari angket, observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Validitas data menggunakan triangulasi metode dan data. Teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah diksriptif komparatif. Hasil penelitian pada kondisi awal menunjukkan sikap peduli lingkungan mahasiswa sebesar 70% dan kemampuan menyampaikan pendapat mahasiswa sebesar 68,36%. Siklus I sikap peduli lingkungan sebesar 78% dan kemampuan menyampaikan pendapat menunjukkan peningkatan menjadi dan 75,20% . Siklus II sikap peduli lingkungan dan kemampuan menyampaikan pendapat mahasiswa menunjukkan peningkatan dan sudah memenuhi indikator keberhasilan yaitu sebesar 88% dan 84,38%. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa implementasi model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe <em>talking chips</em> disertai fotonovela dapat meningkatkan sikap peduli lingkungan dan kemampuan menyampaikan pendapat mahasiswa.</p></div>
Perpektif guru sekolah dasar terhadap Higher Order Tinking Skills (HOTS): pemahaman, penerapan dan hambatan
Authors: Rapih Subroto , Sutaryadi Sutaryadi 
Published: June 2018

<p>Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) merupakan cara berfikir yang mengedepankan nilai-nilai berfikir kritis dan kreatif sehingga dipandang mampu memberikan solusi dalam menghadapi tantangan perkembangan zaman. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui dan memberikan gambaran tentang pemahaman guru kelas Sekolah Dasar (SD) terhadap HOTS. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian survey sedangkan pendekatan penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskritptif kuantitatif. Instrumen dalam pengambilan data menggunakan kuisioner/ angket tertutup yang dibagikan langsung kepada responden. Selanjutnya, data dalam penlitian ini dianalisis dengan teknik analisis data deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa 91,43% responden memahami konsep dari HOTS dan 8,57% responden belum memahami. Sebesar 85,71% responden berpendapat HOTS bisa diajarkan pada tingkat sekolah dasar, 11,43% berpendapat HOTS belum bisa diajarkan dan 2,86% responden menjawab tidak tahu. 82,86% responden sudah menerapkan HOTS pada kegiatan pembelajaran dan 17,14% responden belum menerapkan. Sebesar 79% responden kesulitan dalam merancang dan menerapkan evaluasi berbasiskan HOTS, 59% kesulitan dalam penyampaian materi pembelajaran, 45% kesulitan dalam merancang media pembelajaran, 38% kesulitan dalam merancang perangkat pembelajaran dan sebesar 31% kesulitan dalam proses penyusunan bahan ajar. </p>
Обґрунтування доцільності впровадження недержавного пенсійного забезпечення
Authors: Hrudzevych Igor , Tesliuk Sofia 
Published: June 2018

У статті проаналізовано складові частини пенсійної системи України після її реформування. Описано суть кожного з трьох рівнів пенсійної системи. Зазначено джерела формування коштів Пенсійного фонду України як основного суб’єкта солідарної системи загальнообов’язкового державного пенсійного страхування. Наведено динаміку основних показників бюджету Пенсійного фонду України у 2010–2015 рр.У роботі відображено співвідношення кількості працюючих до кількості пенсіонерів у розвинутих країнах світу, а також очікувану тривалість життя в Україні та деяких розвинутих державах світу. Проаналізовано діяльність основних фінансових інститутів, які надають послуги у сфері НПЗ, а саме: недержавних пенсійних фондів, страхових організацій та банківських установ.
Valoración integral de adultos mayores en centros gerontológicos de Guayaquil // Integral evaluation of old adults from Gerontological centers of Guayaquil
Authors: Reyes Myriam , Cabrera Donoso Dayana Lissette , Alvarado Geovanny 
Published: June 2018

RESUMEN En este trabajo se describe la situación de la salud en adultos mayores que asisten a centros gerontológicos de Guayaquil mediante valoración geriátrica integral. Para ello, se aplicó un estudio observacional, transversal, descriptivo, en una muestra no probabilística intencional. Los resultados indicaron que en la población 92% son mujeres, 74% presenta Hipertensión, 28% padece Diabetes Mellitus y 40% dislipidemias. El test de Katz indicó que 94% son funcionalmente independientes, el de Yesavage estableció que 76% no tiene manifestaciones depresivas. El test de Pfeiffer reveló que 78% no presenta deterioro cognitivo y 70% tiene una aceptable situación social. El Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) indicó que 82% no presenta riesgo nutricional. Todos los exámenes de laboratorio presentaron indicadores normales. La evaluación cardiovascular reveló que más de 90% está dentro de los parámetros normales para la edad y las comorbilidades. El eco abdominal reveló que 70% tiene Esteatosis hepática no alcohólica (EHNA) grado 0 y 30% grado 1. A partir de estos resultados se pudo concluir que tienen una buena calidad de vida. ABSTRACT On this study, the health situation of elderly people from Gerontological centers is described through the integral geriatric assessment. An observational, transversal, descriptive study was applied on intentional no probabilistic sample to achieve this objective. The results show that 92% of the population are women, 74% have hypertension, 28% suffers from diabetes mellitus, and 40% have dyslipidemia. The Katz test shows that 94% are functionally independent, Yesavage test establishes that 76% does not have depressive manifestations. Pfeiffer test reveals that 78% does not show cognitive deterioration and 70% have an acceptable social situation. The Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) shows that the 82% does not present nutritional risk. All the laboratory tests were normal. The cardiovascular evaluation reveals that 90% of the sample are within the normal parameters for age and comorbidities. The abdominal echography shows that 70% have grade 0 of Non Alcoholic Hepatic Steatosis (NASH) and 30% have grade 1. Based on these results, it can be concluded that their quality of life is good.
Metodología para diseño de infraestructura de telecomunicaciones para campus universitarios medianos, caso La Dolorosa-UNACH. // Methodology for design of telecommunications infrastructure for medium-sized university campuses, La Dolorosa-UNACH case.
Authors: Santillán Lima Juan Carlos , Llanga Vargas Anibal , Chafla Altamirano Gustavo 
Published: June 2018

RESUMEN Se plantea una metodología para el diseño de infraestructuras de telecomunicaciones para campus universitarios medianos, aplicada en el Campus La Dolorosa de la Universidad Nacional de Chimborazo, UNACH, que garantice el acceso a los servicios en línea. Se contó con los diferentes estándares de Fibra Óptica, UTP y WIFI, publicaciones realizadas por la ITU y la IEEE, y el estándar ETSI EG 202 057-4, sobre accesos de calidad en internet, codecs de telefonía IP, artículos sobre TICS en la Educación. Dentro de esta investigación se analizó el estado del arte respecto a infraestructuras de telecomunicaciones, estudió y determinó los servicios que requieren las redes de campus universitarios y el tráfico que genera cada uno de los servicios, y por último el diseño de la infraestructura de telecomunicaciones de acuerdo a los parámetros determinados. Entre los principales resultados se evidenció que existen 1592 dispositivos que en conjunto pueden generar 6537.60Mbps en calidad alta y 100% de usuarios, y 543.28Mbps en calidad aceptable con usuarios concurrentes, y utilizando una red GPON G.987.2 se puede transmitir todo el tráfico generado. Se presenta una metodología para el diseño de infraestructuras de telecomunicaciones óptima para los requerimientos encontrados en el lugar de estudio. ABSTRACT A methodology design of a Telecommunications Infrastructures for medium-sized campus university is proposed, it is applied at La Dolorosa Campus of the “Universidad Nacional de Chimborazo” to guaranteed access to online services. Different standards of Fiber Optics, UTP and WIFI publications made by the ITU and the IEEE, and the ETSI standard EG 202 057-4, on Internet quality accesses, IP telephony codecs, articles on ICT in Education were used. This research analyzed the state of the art regarding telecommunications infrastructures, studied and determined the services required by university campus networks and the traffic generated by each of the services, as well as the design of the telecommunications infrastructure according to the determined parameters. Among the main results it is evident that there are 1592 devices that can generate 6537.60Mbps in high quality and 100% of users, and 543.28Mbps in acceptable quality with concurrent users, and using a GPON network with the standard G.987.2 can transmit all the generated traffic. A methodology is presented for the design of optimal telecommunications infrastructures for the requirements found at the study site.
Modelo de auditoría integral para pequeñas Cooperativas de Ahorro y Crédito ecuatorianas. // Model of integral audit for small Ecuadorian saving and credit cooperatives.
Authors: Veloz Navarrete Fernando , Vargas Ulloa Diana , Villa Maura Cesar 
Published: June 2018

La presente investigación expone la implementación de la “Auditoría Integral” asumida como herramienta gerencial para pequeñas Cooperativas de Ahorro y Crédito Ecuatorianas, ubicadas en el segmento 4, de acuerdo a la clasificación del Sistema Popular y Solidario. La novedad reside en la adopción de las prácticas comunes de auditorías diversas, aplicadas a las pequeñas entidades, sean estas de control y prevención, gestión, cumplimiento y financieras. El enfoque transdisciplinario es revelado como una estrategia y método para lograr resultados más acertados según Edgar Morín; al adoptar e imbricar estás técnicas de manera complementaria en un instrumento único, proporcionan de forma simplificada, coherente y pertinente, los pasos del proceso de auditoría para la toma oportuna de las decisiones y reorientaciones estratégicas. Es propuesta la “Auditoría Integral” como instrumento de monitoreo a la gestión empresarial, que responda en la pertinencia de la toma de decisiones, dadas las características y particularidades propias de este tipo de empresas, donde la gestión resulta un proceso estratégico y decisorio, en el éxito y desempeño de las mismas. ABSTRACTThe present research presents the implementation of the "Integral Audit" which is assumed as a management tool for small Ecuadorian Saving and Credit Cooperatives located in segment 4 according to the classification of the Popular and Solidary System. The new thing lies in the adoption of common auditing practices, applied to small entities that can be either of control and prevention, management, compliance and financial. The transdisciplinary approach is presented as a strategy and method to achieve more successful results according to Edgar Morín; by adopting and interweaving these techniques in a complementary way into a single instrument, they provide with the steps of the audit process for timely decision-making and strategic reorientation in a simplified, coherent and relevant way. It is proposed the "integral audit" as a monitoring tool for business management that responds in the pertinence of decision making, given the characteristics and particularities of these types of companies, where management is a strategic and decisive process for the success and performance of them.
Relación entre competencias de los empresarios de la micro empresa: Caso de la Provincia del Guayas, Ecuador. // Relationship between competencies of entrepreneurs: Case of the Province of Guayas, Ecuador.
Authors: Fernandez Ronquillo Mario , Fajardo Vaca Ligia , Robalino Muñiz Rosa , Solís Beltrán Gloria , Arteaga Arcentales Evelin 
Published: June 2018

Los microempresarios tienen una elevada participación en la actividad productiva de Ecuador, por ello es el sector de mayor presencia, sin embargo, el manejo desorganizado de sus negocios, y la escasa cultura organizacional, no les permiten fortalecer sus actividades para lograr mayor capitalización y mejores ingresos, catalogándolas en la mayoría de los casos como empresas de supervivencia. Es importante que conozcan y manejen de forma correcta sus competencias personales y laborales, vinculadas directamente al área empresarial. El objetivo de esta investigación es determinar las principales competencias, tanto personales como laborales, su relación de dependencia, y la influencia que tienen en el manejo de los negocios y el rendimiento de los mismos. Para el efecto se realizó encuestas a micro empresarios de la provincia del Guayas, utilizando un cuestionario adaptado del Manual Técnico Emotional Competence Inventory (ECI), para establecer el nivel de conocimiento que tienen sobre sus competencias. Con la información recabada se las interrelacionó y determinó el grado de dependencia entre ellas. Los resultados mostraron las competencias de mayor y menor incidencia en sus negocios, se analizó las principales razones que dan lugar al manejo que actualmente realizan, y establecieron algunas propuestas de mejora para un correcto aprovechamiento de ellas. ABSTRACTThe microentrepreneurs have a high participation in the productive activity of Ecuador, therefore it is the sector of greater presence; however, the disorganized management of their businesses, and the poor organizational culture, do not allow them to strengthen their activities to achieve greater capitalization and better income. These businesses are cataloged in most cases as companies for survive. It is important that they know and manage correctly their personal and work skills, directly linked to the business area. The objective of this research is to determine the main competences, both personal and work, as long as their dependency relation, and the influence that they have in the management of the business and in their profitability. For this purpose, surveys were conducted on micro entrepreneurs in the province of Guayas, using a questionnaire which was adapted from the Technical Manual Emotional Competence Inventory (ECI), to establish the level of knowledge they have about their competencies. The information collected was interrelated and determined the degree of dependence between them. The results showed the competences of major and minor incidence in their businesses, analyzed the main reasons that give rise to the management that they currently carry out, and established some improvement proposals for the correct use of them.
Percepción de la justicia organizacional de los empleados de la Universidad Técnica de Machala // Perception of the organizational justice of Universidad Técnica de Machala employees
Authors: Quezada Abad César 
Published: June 2018

Justicia organizacional conlleva a entender cómo los trabajadores de una empresa aprecian la toma de decisiones de los mandos directivos en la administración de una empresa. En torno a este aspecto, este trabajo tiene por objetivo establecer la percepción de la justicia organizacional de los empleados en la Universidad Técnica de Machala (UTMACH), Ecuador. Para cumplir con el propósito propuesto, se encuestaron 400 servidores de la UTMACH, teniendo como metodología de investigación el estadístico-descriptivo y exploratorio. La prueba estadística de Cronbach arrojó un alfa de 0,939, lo que significa una elevada confianza en los datos recopilados. De acuerdo con los resultados, se concluye que la percepción del talento humano difiere en cada una de las fases de la gestión administrativa, debido a que en algunos casos la comprobación estadística corroboró el hecho de que la percepción era favorable y en otros casos no generaba ningún efecto. En las fases de organización y de planificación existe cierto nivel de incidencia, sin embargo prácticamente es incipiente; es decir, el talento humano no manifiesta mayor interés ante los cambios suscitados. En cuanto a la fase de dirección, el patrón se repite de modo similar a la planificación, en vista de que la apreciación de los empleados cambia ante una modificación de las políticas aplicadas por el líder. En lo que respecta al control, no existe incidencia en la percepción del talento humano.ABSTRACTOrganizational justice entails understanding how the employees of a company appreciate the decision-making of managers in the management of a company. Regarding this aspect, this paper aims to establish the perception of organizational justice of employees at the Universidad Técnica de Machala (UTMACH), Ecuador. In order to fulfill the proposed purpose, 400 servers of the UTMACH were surveyed, having the statistical-descriptive and exploratory as research methodology. Cronbach's statistical test yielded an alpha of 0.939, which means a high confidence in the data collected. According to the results, it is concluded that the perception of human talent differs in each of the phases of administrative management, because in some cases the statistical verification corroborated the fact that the perception was favorable and in other cases did not generate any effect. There is a certain level of incidence in the organization and planning phases, but it is practically incipient; that is, human talent shows no greater interest in the changes. As for the management phase, the pattern is repeated in a similar way to the planning, since the appreciation of the employees changes before a modification of the policies applied by the leader. As far as control is concerned, there is no impact on the perception of human talent.