bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tangent hyperbolic nanofluid with mixed convection flow: An application of improved Fourier and Fick's diffusion model
Authors: Ibrahim Wubshet , Gizewu Tezera 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThis article presents a tangent hyperbolic fluid with the effect of the combination of forced and natural convection flow of nanoparticle past a bidirectional extending surface. Modified Fick's and Fourier's diffusion theories are incorporated into concentration and energy equations, respectively. Convective boundary conditions and second‐order slip flow are taken in the boundary condition. Nonlinear partial differential equations result after boundary layer approximations of the mathematical formulation of the flow problem. Nonlinear high order ordinary differential equations (ODEs) are formed by applying similarity transformation on the nonlinear partial differential equations. The transformed equations are solved with the bvp4c algorithm from Matlab. The numerical solution of ODEs was obtained and the effect of interesting parameters, dimensionless velocity component along x‐ and y‐axis, temperature, and concentration particle, Rex, Rey, , and , were presented through tables and graphs and discussed thoroughly. The results indicated that a decrease in velocity along with the y‐axis results from the increasing behavior of S, M, and n. Decrease in both temperature and concentration results in an increase of but their elongation is a result of increase in Bi. An increase in concentration results in decrease of N and S but a decrease in concentration results in the widening of Sc, Nb, and . Furthermore, enlargement of and results in increase of and modules and elongation of both and results in increase of and (Sc and Nb), respectively. A comparison with previously published literature was performed and a good agreement was found.
Second order velocity slip and thermal jump of Cu–water nanofluid over a cone in the presence of nonlinear radiation and nonuniform heat source/sink using homotopy analysis method
Authors: Sravanthi C. S. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe purpose of the present paper is to explore the second order slip effects on nanofluid flow over a vertical cone. The effects of nonlinear thermal radiation and nonuniform heat source/sink are also taken into account. Water with copper nanoparticles is used as nanofluid in this investigation. The governing partial differential equations for the flow are converted into ordinary differential equations by using transformations and then are solved using homotopy analysis method. The influence of various important parameters on velocity, temperature, skin‐friction, and Nusselt number are presented through graphs. Results indicate that the velocity and magnitude of skin friction decrease with a rise in first and second order velocity slips. A raise in either first or second order temperature jump causes a fall in temperature. Nonlinear radiation increases the more rapidly when compared to the linear radiation case.
Nifedipine toxicity is exacerbated by acetyl l‐carnitine but alleviated by low‐dose ketamine in zebrafish in vivo
Authors: Robinson Bonnie L. , Gu Qiang , Tryndyak Volodymyr , Ali Syed F. , Dumas Melanie , Kanungo Jyotshna 
Published: October 2019

AbstractCalcium channel blocker (CCB) poisoning is a common and sometimes life‐threatening emergency. Our previous studies have shown that acetyl l‐carnitine (ALCAR) prevents cardiotoxicity and developmental toxicity induced by verapamil, a CCB used to treat patients with hypertension. Here, we tested whether toxicities of nifedipine, a dihydropyridine CCB used to treat hypertension, can also be mitigated by co‐treatment with ALCAR. In the zebrafish embryos at three different developmental stages, nifedipine induced developmental toxicity with pericardial sac edema in a dose‐dependent manner, which were surprisingly exacerbated with ALCAR co‐treatment. Even with low‐dose nifedipine (5 μm), when the pericardial sac looked normal, ALCAR co‐treatment showed pericardial sac edema. We hypothesized that toxicity by nifedipine, a vasodilator, may be prevented by ketamine, a known vasoconstrictor. Nifedipine toxicity in the embryos was effectively prevented by co‐treatment with low (subanesthetic) doses (25‐100 μm added to the water) of ketamine, although a high dose of ketamine (2 mm added to the water) partially prevented the toxicity.As expected of a CCB, nifedipine either in the presence or absence of ketamine‐reduced metabolic reactive oxygen species (ROS), a downstream product of calcium signaling, in the rapidly developing digestive system. However, nifedipine induced ROS in the trunk region that showed significantly stunted growth indicating that the tissues under stress potentially produced pathologic ROS. To the best of our knowledge, these studies for the first time show that nifedipine and the dietary supplement ALCAR together induce adverse effects while providing evidence on the therapeutic efficacy of subanesthetic doses of ketamine against nifedipine toxicity in vivo.
A Comparison of Activity Monitor Data from Devices Worn on the Wrist and the Waist in People with Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Kim Dong Wook , Hassett Leanne M. , Nguy Vanessa , Allen Natalie E. 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTBackgroundIt is unclear if it is appropriate for people with Parkinson's disease (PD) to wear activity monitors on the wrist because of the potential influence of impairments on the data.ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to determine (1) whether activity monitor data collected from devices worn at the wrist and waist are comparable and (2) the contribution of PD impairments to any differences in step and activity counts at the wrist and waist.MethodsA total of 46 community‐dwelling people with PD wore an accelerometer at the wrist and waist simultaneously for 1 week. Motor impairments (rigidity, bradykinesia, tremor, dyskinesia) were assessed using the Movement Disorders Society Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale part III (motor examination) and part IV (motor complications).ResultsHigher values were recorded by the wrist monitor for steps/day (wrist, 9236 [standard deviation (SD) 3812]; waist, 5324 [SD 2800]; difference 3912; P < 0.001) and activity counts/day (wrist, 872,590 [SD 349,148]; waist, 186,491 [SD 101,989]; difference 686,099; P < 0.001). However, the wrist and waist values were strongly correlated (steps, r = 0.89; counts, r = 0.74; P ≤ 0.001). Increased tremor and dyskinesia explained 19% of the variation in the difference in average steps/day, and these variables plus reduced bradykinesia explained 24% of the variation in the difference in average activity counts/day.ConclusionWrist monitors are likely to overestimate activity, particularly in people with tremor and dyskinesia. Nonetheless, activity monitors can be worn on the wrist if the aim is to monitor change rather than accurately record activity.
Deflazacort vs prednisone treatment for Duchenne muscular dystrophy: A meta‐analysis of disease progression rates in recent multicenter clinical trials
Authors: McDonald Craig M. , Sajeev Gautam , Yao Zhiwen , McDonnell Erin , Elfring Gary , Souza Marcio , Peltz Stuart W. , Darras Basil T. , Shieh Perry B. , Cox David A. , Landry John , Signorovitch James ,   for the ACT DMD Study Group and the Tadalafil DMD Study Group
Published: October 2019

AbstractIntroductionIn this study we characterized disease progression over 48 weeks among boys receiving deflazacort vs prednisone/prednisolone placebo arm treatment in two recent Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) clinical trials.MethodsAmbulatory boys with DMD receiving placebo in the phase 3 ataluren (N = 115) and tadalafil (N = 116) trials were included. The trials required at least 6 months of prior corticosteroid use and stable baseline dosing. Associations between corticosteroid use and 48‐week changes in ambulatory function were estimated using mixed models. Adjusted differences between corticosteroid groups were pooled in a meta‐analysis.ResultsIn the meta‐analysis, deflazacort‐treated patients vs prednisone/prednisolone‐treated patients experienced, on average, lower declines of 28.3 meters on 6‐minute walk distance (95% confidence interval [CI], 5.7, 50.9; 2.9 seconds on rise from supine [95% CI, 0.9, 4.9 seconds]; 2.3 seconds on 4‐stair climb [95% CI, 0.5, 4.1 seconds]; and 2.9 [95% CI, 0.1, 5.8] points on the North Star Ambulatory Assessment linearized score).DiscussionDeflazacort‐treated patients experienced significantly lower functional decline over 48 weeks.
The effectiveness of 8A model death education on the reduction of death depression: A preliminary study
Authors: Dadfar Mahboubeh , Lester David 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAimDeath education using the 8A model can reduce death distress and promote mental health. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effectiveness of the 8A model death education programme for reducing death depression among nurses. The hypothesis was that participating in the 8A model death education programme would reduce death depression.DesignA pre‐test–post‐test intervention.MethodsTen nurses were selected randomly from the intensive care units and critical care units wards of the Khatom‐Al‐Anbia General Hospital in Tehran, Iran. They completed the Death Depression Scale before and after intervention. The 8A model was conducted in six workshops weekly, each of 6 hr, for a total of 36 hr.ResultsThere was a significant difference between pre‐test and post‐test on the Death Depression Scale scores.DiscussionThe 8A model appears to be useful for the reduction of death depression and the promotion of mental health in the sample. However, the model should be tested on larger samples and with a control group before concluding that the model is effective in reducing death distress.
Error estimates of structure‐preserving Fourier pseudospectral methods for the fractional Schrödinger equation
Authors: Fei Mingfa , Huang Chengming , Wang Pengde 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThis paper gives a rigorous error analysis of the multisymplectic Fourier pseudospectral method for the nonlinear fractional Schrödinger equation. The method preserves some intrinsic structure properties including the generalized multisymplectic conservation law. By rewriting it in a matrix form similar to that in the finite difference method, the method is shown to be convergent in the discrete L2 norm with the second‐order accuracy in time and spectral accuracy in space. The key techniques in the analysis include the discrete energy method, cutoff of the nonlinearity, and a posterior bound of numerical solutions by using the inverse inequality. In a similar line, the convergence result for the symplectic Fourier pseudospectral method can also be established. Moreover, the errors in the local and global energy conservation laws of discrete systems are also investigated. Numerical tests are performed to confirm the theoretical results.
A case of ankylosing spondylitis from the excavations at Kılıçlı Necropolis (Sinope, Northern Turkey) and its implications on the antiquity of the disease in Anatolia
Authors: Duyar İzzet 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAnkylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic, inflammatory, and progressive rheumatic disease that is a member of a family of disease referred to as spondyloarthritis. Although the prevalence estimates of AS vary from 0.25% up to 4.5% in living human populations, the frequency of the disease in the past has not yet been determined. Some suspected AS cases have been reported only based on the vertebral ankyloses or fusions of sacroiliac joints dating from the Neolithic period to the Middle Ages among ancient Anatolian populations, but the AS diagnosis has not been definitively revealed in these cases. In this study, we aimed to identify an AS case that has AS‐originated pathological changes on a relatively well‐preserved middle‐aged male skeleton, recovered from the archaeological excavation of Kılıçlı Church, Sinope, Northern Turkey and dated to the 18–9th centuries. In addition, we made a differential diagnosis with other pathologies such as diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis, reactive arthritis, and psoriatic arthritis. In the specimen, there are four macroscopic features that are diagnostic of AS: (a) both sacroiliac joints were symmetrically obliterated, (b) spinal fusion was observed without skipping any vertebrae, (c) the spine has “bamboo spine” appearance, and (d) the vertebral syndesmophytes caused squaring of the vertebral bodies. We conclude that the Kılıçlı skeleton, one of the few archaeological specimens showing all symptoms of AS disease, is the first convincing case in Anatolia.
We are in this together — Aren't we? Congruence of common dyadic coping and psychological distress of couples facing breast cancer
Authors: Meier Fabienne , Cairo Notari Sarah , Bodenmann Guy , Revenson Tracey A. , Favez Nicolas 
Published: October 2019

AbstractObjectivesBreast cancer (BC) can be understood as a we‐disease, which affects a couple as a unit and requires coping as a unit (eg, common dyadic coping, CDC). However, partners can be incongruent in their perceptions of CDC, for example, because of misunderstandings and lack of mutuality or conflict, which may likely be associated with greater distress. Thus, this paper examines the effect of CDC congruence on individual psychological distress in cancer patients and their partners.MethodsSeventy mixed‐sex couples in which the woman had nonmetastatic BC completed self‐report questionnaires at 2 weeks, 3 months, and 1 year after cancer surgery. CDC congruence measured the difference between patients' and partners' CDC perceptions while controlling for CDC itself.ResultsMultilevel modeling showed negative associations between couples' CDC and psychological distress. Beyond this effect, female patients' psychological distress was associated with CDC congruence with an interaction showing that psychological distress was greater when couples were congruent with low rather than a high CDC.ConclusionLess congruence was associated with greater psychological distress in BC patients but not their male partners — especially if the couple reported low CDC. Health professionals should identify and address diverging perceptions, so that additional distress can be minimized for BC patients.
Electromagnetic and thermal analysis of a multilayer CFRP panel struck by lightning with the FDTD method
Authors: Ueno Koki , Miki Nozomu , Baba Yoshihiro , Nagaoka Naoto , Tsubata Hiroyuki , Nishi Takayuki 
Published: October 2019

The transient distribution of heat generated in a 16‐layer carbon fiber‐reinforced plastic (CFRP) panel, in which a lightning current with a magnitude of 3 kA, a rise time of 6.4 µs, and a time to half‐peak value of 69 µs is injected, has been computed. Each layer of the CFRP panel has a fiber axis direction of 45, 90, −45, or 0° and, therefore, has anisotropic electrical and thermal conductivities. This multilayer CFRP panel has been represented with a conductivity matrix consisting of off‐diagonal elements in the finite‐difference time domain (FDTD) simulation. The heat is computed, on the basis of FDTD‐computed conduction current densities, using a discretized heat equation. © 2019 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Hyperbolic Function Theory in the Skew-Field of Quaternions
Authors: Eriksson Sirkka-Liisa , Orelma Heikki 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
We are studying hyperbolic function theory in the total skew-field of quaternions. Earlier the theory has been studied for quaternion valued functions depending only on three reduced variables. Our functions are depending on all four coordinates of quaternions. We consider functions, called $$\alpha $$α-hyperbolic harmonic, that are harmonic with respect to the Riemannian metric $$\begin{aligned} ds_{\alpha }^{2}=\frac{dx_{0}^{2}+dx_{1}^{2}+dx_{2}^{2}+dx_{3}^{2}}{x_{3}^{\alpha }} \end{aligned}$$dsα2=dx02+dx12+dx22+dx32x3αin the upper half space $${\mathbb {R}}_{+}^{4}=\{\left( x_{0},x_{1},x_{2} ,x_{3}\right) \in {\mathbb {R}}^{4}:x_{3}>0\}$$R+4={x0,x1,x2,x3∈R4:x3>0}. If $$\alpha =2$$α=2, the metric is the hyperbolic metric of the Poincaré upper half-space. Hempfling and Leutwiler started to study this case and noticed that the quaternionic power function $$x^{m}\,(m\in {\mathbb {Z}})$$xm(m∈Z), is a conjugate gradient of a 2-hyperbolic harmonic function. They researched polynomial solutions. Using fundamental $$\alpha $$α-hyperbolic harmonic functions, depending only on the hyperbolic distance and $$x_{3}$$x3, we verify a Cauchy type integral formula for conjugate gradient of $$\alpha $$α-hyperbolic harmonic functions. We also compare these results with the properties of paravector valued $$\alpha $$α-hypermonogenic in the Clifford algebra $${{\,\mathrm{{\mathcal {C}}\ell }\,}}_{0,3}$$Cℓ0,3.
New Concept Air Conditioning System for the Operating Room to Minimize Patient Cooling and Surgeon Heating: A Historical Control Cohort Study
Authors: Usuki Hisashi , Kitamura Hiroaki , Ando Yasuhisa , Suto Hironobu , Asano Eisuke , Ohshima Minoru , Kishino Takayoshi , Kumamoto Kensuke , Okano Keiichi , Suzuki Yasuyuki 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundIntraoperative hypothermia is a common adverse event. For avoiding the complication due to hypothermia, many warming devices and methods have been used in perioperative period. It has been reported that more patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery tend to have hypothermia than with open surgery. To avoid intraoperative hypothermia, many kinds of warming tools have been used. But, it was also reported that some warming methods increased perceptions of distraction and physical demand.MethodsTo achieve both patients’ normothermia and surgeons’ comfort, new air conditioning (AC) system was designed with considering the characteristics of laparoscopic surgery. The temperature of the airflows to the patient and to the surgeons can be adjusted independently in this new system. The new system has two parts. One controls the temperature of the central area over the operation table. The air from this part falls on the patients. The other part is the lateral area beside the operating table; the air from this part falls on the surgeons. The subjects of this study were 160 gastric cancer patients and 316 colorectal cancer patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery. The temperature of the central flow was set 23.5 °C, and the temperature of the lateral flow was set 22 °C just after the anesthesia. The number of timepoints the patient spent in hypothermic state, defined as a temperature cooler by 0.5 °C or more than that at the starting point of surgery, was determined in each patient.ResultsIn the results, the rate of hypothermic state in old operation rooms was 23.8% and that in new operation rooms was 2.7% in male gastric cancer patients (p < 0.01). And those were 37.1% in old operation rooms and 0.9% in new operation rooms in female gastric cancer patients (p < 0.01). The rate of hypothermic state in old operation rooms was 30.0% and that in new operation rooms was 9.5% in male colorectal cancer patients (p < 0.01). And those were 41.6% in old operation rooms and 8.9% in new operation rooms in female colorectal cancer patients (p < 0.01). The similar results were showed in the study, which subjects were limited the patients undergoing surgery in 2015 and 2016; which were the last year the old operation rooms were used and the first year the new operation rooms were used.ConclusionsThus, the usefulness of the new air conditioning system for achieving both patients’ normothermia and comfort of surgeons could be verified in this study.
Acronyms Use in Abdominal Wall Reconstruction: Introduction to a New Language
Authors: Ramana B. , Sinha Rudrajit , Jacob Brian , Towfigh Shirin , Rosin Danny 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe use of acronyms in medicine is widespread, aiming to simplify and condense communication. Online communication in social media platforms seems to enhance the use of acronyms, but their efficiency in message delivery may be negated by their abundance and unfamiliarity, causing more confusion than clarity. We analyzed the use of acronyms in a closed Facebook group dedicated to abdominal wall reconstruction (AWR), as the rapid recent development of this field has resulted in many new acronyms. Our aim was to classify the different acronyms and create a public reference.MethodsThe International Hernia Collaboration, a hernia‐related Facebook group, now communicating more than 7500 surgeons from 99 countries, was studied, by extracting acronyms used since its inception in 2012. Acronyms were categorized and interpreted, to create a small dictionary comprised of several tables.ResultsCommonly used acronyms were identified, as well as commonly used prefixes that modify the acronyms’ meaning. Tables were created, classifying acronyms by their subject:
Anatomy
Diseases and clinical conditions
Techniques and materials.
ConclusionThe use of acronyms increased in social media‐based communication. Aiming to simplify the language, the inflation of terms may have achieved the opposite, by adding a multitude of unfamiliar and confusing terms. We have created a public reference for AWR‐related acronyms. Limiting the liberal creation of new acronyms is recommended, especially in a rapidly changing field as AWR.
Parents’ Descriptions of How Their Psychosis Affects Parenting
Authors: Strand Jennifer , Boström Petra , Grip Karin 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Objectives
Parental psychosis poses a risk factor for a child’s well-being. Few studies have focused on the parents’ views of how their psychosis affects their parenting, and results for parenting ability in this group are contradictory. The present study aimed to explore how parents with psychosis experience the effect(s) of their illness on parenting.

Methods
In-depth and semi-structured interviews were conducted with 15 parents who attended outpatient clinics specializing in psychosis. The transcripts were analyzed using thematic analysis. Data related to the research aim were analyzed deductively according to the protection, reciprocity, control, guided learning, and group participation model of parenting. Data in each domain were subsequently coded inductively to form subthemes.

Results
Results show that all domains of parenting appear to be affected by psychosis. The parents specifically mentioned that depression, fatigue, and difficulty focusing because of hearing voices had negative impacts on their abilities to provide protection, reciprocity, and control. The parents also expressed difficulties in maintaining routines in the child’s everyday life. Furthermore, the theme “Unpredictable absences” crosses all domains and highlights the parents’ recurrent mental and physical absences from their children during psychotic episodes.

Conclusions
The present study provides some insight into how different aspects of parenting may be affected by psychosis. We suggest that these effects on parenting need to be further explored and confirmed by research focusing on the child’s perspective and on observations of parent-child interaction.
Funktionelle Morphologie der Gesichtshaut
Authors: Arnold W. H. , Sandulescu T. 
Published: October 2019

Zusammenfassung
Die Gesichtshaut stellt eine Besonderheit dar, da sie neben den allgemeinen Funktionen der Haut auch der Informationsvermittlung durch die Mimik dient. Sie gliedert sich in 3 Schichten: Epidermis, Dermis und Subkutis. Letztere ist im Gesicht als superfizielles muskuloaponeurotisches System (SMAS) differenziert. Dieses SMAS verbindet die mimische Muskulatur mit der Haut und induziert als eigenständig agierende funktionelle Einheit die differenzierte Mimik. Die regionale unterschiedliche dreidimensionale Architektur des SMAS trägt zur spezifischen Morphogenese der Gesichts- und Halsfalten bei. Bei chirurgischen Eingriffen im Gesichtsbereich sind die Besonderheiten des SMAS in den verschiedenen Regionen des Gesichts zu beachten.