bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tritrophic Interactions of Cucumber Cultivar, Aphis gossypii (Hemiptera: Aphididae), and Its Predator Hippodamia variegata (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)
Authors: Zahedi Abdossamad , Razmjou Jabraeil , Rafiee-Dastjerdi Hooshang , Leppla Norman C , Golizadeh Ali , Hassanpour Mahdi , Ebadollahi Asgar 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe melon aphid, Aphis gossypii Glover, is a cosmopolitan pest that infests and damages a wide range of crop plants, especially cucurbits. It is a host of the coccinellid predator, Hippodamia variegata (Goeze), that has the potential to suppress the pest on leaves of cucumber plants grown in greenhouses. Melon aphids were reared on either Storm or Khasib cucumber cultivars to determine whether there would be a difference in their development and reproduction. The aphids from each cultivar were fed to H. variegata adults to assess their effects on the life history of the predator. The aphid population reared on Khasib leaves increased faster than the population on Storm leaves; however, the predators fed aphids from Storm leaves had a higher rate of population growth. Thus, the intrinsic rate of increase and net reproductive rate were greater for aphids reared on Khasib leaves but lower for H. variegata fed those aphids compared with aphids reared on the Storm cultivar. Additionally, clean and aphid-infested leaves from both cultivars were analyzed for total flavonoids, phenol, and chlorophyll, and the density of leaf trichomes was measured. The Storm leaves contained higher amounts of flavonoids and phenol, less chlorophyll, and a greater density of trichomes. Regardless of cucurbit cultivar, aphid feeding increased the flavonoids and phenol content and decreased the amount of chlorophyll.
Jayanta on Kumārila’s View of Liberation
Authors: Kataoka Kei 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
In his Nyāyamañjarī, the Nyāya scholar Bhaṭṭa Jayanta expounds on the issue of liberation when commenting on the Nyāyasūtra. In one of its subsections Jayanta discusses a sceptical view about the very possibility of liberation and the view of the Mīmāṁsāka scholar Kumārila. The present author focuses on this section of the Nyāyamañjarī and elucidates the theoretical criteria presupposed there in order to evaluate Jayanta’s attitude towards Kumārila. Jayanta regards Kumārila as one who internally denies liberation while externally admitting its possibility. The present author also sheds light on Jayanta’s view of the means of liberation in comparison to other Naiyāyika positions. Kumārila’s emphasis on the karmic law can be regarded as a trigger for Jayanta to reconsider the previous views of the Naiyāyikas. How to deal with the accumulated karmas while following the karmic law? The present article clarifies the merits of Jayanta’s solution in terms of theory and exegesis.
Effects of TACE and preventive antiviral therapy on HBV reactivation and subsequent hepatitis in hepatocellular carcinoma: a meta-analysis
Authors: Zhang Su-Su , Liu Jin-Xia , Zhu Jing , Xiao Ming-Bing , Lu Cui-Hua , Ni Run-Zhou , Qu Li-Shuai 
Published: March 2019

Abstract

Background and aim
The impact of transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) and preventive antiviral therapy on the occurrence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation and subsequent hepatitis remains controversial. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effect of TACE and preventive antiviral therapy on the risk of HBV reactivation and subsequent hepatitis. Meanwhile, we explored the role of HBeAg status in HBV reactivation after TACE.

Methods
We performed this meta-analysis with 11 included studies to assess the effect of TACE and preventive antiviral therapy on predicting clinical outcomes in HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The pooled odds ratios (OR) were calculated using a random or fixed effects model. PUBMED, MEDLINE, EMBASE and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled were searched for the included articles (from 2000 to December 2017).

Results
Our results showed that TACE significantly increased the risk of HBV reactivation (OR: 3.70; 95% CI 1.45–9.42; P < 0.01) and subsequent hepatitis (OR: 4.30; 95% CI 2.28–8.13; P < 0.01) in HCC patients. There was no significant difference in HBV reactivation after TACE between HBeAg positive and negative patients (OR: 1.28; 95% CI 0.31–5.34; P = 0.73). Preventive antiviral therapy could statistically reduce the rate of HBV reactivation (OR: 0.08; 95% CI 0.02–0.32; P < 0.01) and hepatitis (OR: 0.22; 95% CI 0.06–0.80; P = 0.02) in those with TACE treatment.

Conclusions
The present study suggested that TACE was associated with a higher possibility of HBV reactivation and subsequent hepatitis. Preventive antiviral therapy is significantly in favor of a protective effect.
Proof of Concept for a Polyethylene Glycol/Gel Hybrid Testing Method
Authors: Delk Alexander A , Gammon Richard R 
Published: March 2019

Abstract

Objective
To test a hybrid polyethylene glycol (PEG)/gel method, specifically to attempt to increase reaction strength of accidentally overdiluted anti-Cob and broadly for proof of concept.

Methods
Methods were divided into 2 basic steps: sensitization and antiglobulin (AHG) testing. Sensitization was performed with PEG tubes, followed by AHG using the gel method. One wash was performed between the 2 steps. We tested 7 plasma antibody specimens.

Results
In addition to the first specimen, 6 additional antibodies were selected for detection by the PEG/gel hybrid method. Antibody reactivity was detected in all specimens tested with both methods. The PEG/gel method yielded enhanced reactivity in 3 of 7 antibodies (42.9%) and the equivalent of enhanced reactivity in 4 of 7 antibodies tested (57.1%).

Conclusion
The reactivity of diluted anti-Cob (specimen 1) was increased; thus, our concept proved to be viable. The hybrid PEG/gel method showed the equivalent of enhanced or enhanced reactivity with all specimens tested and provided a stable medium.
Constant light element abundances suggest that the extended P1 in NGC 2808 is not a consequence of CNO-cycle nucleosynthesis
Authors: Cabrera-Ziri I , Lardo C , Mucciarelli A 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Recent photometric results have identified a new population among globular cluster stars. This population, referred to as the ‘extended P1', has been suggested to be the manifestation of a new abundance pattern where the initial mass fraction of He changes among cluster stars that share the same CNO values. The current paradigm for the formation of the multiple stellar populations in globular clusters assumes that variations in He are the product of chemical ‘enrichment’ by the ashes of the CNO-cycle (which changes He and other elements like C, N and O simultaneously). We obtained MIKE@Magellan spectra of six giant stars in NGC 2808, a cluster with one of the strongest examples of the extended P1 population. We provide the first complete characterization of the light elements abundances for the stars along a significant range of the extended P1 photometric group. The stars from our sample appear to be homogeneous in C, N, O, Na, Mg and Al. The lack of a significant change in these products of the CNO-cycle suggests that unlike the rest of the populations identified to date, the photometric changes responsible for the extended P1 feature are a consequence of an alternative mechanism. Our measurements are consistent with the interpretations where the changes of the He mass fraction among these stars could be a consequence of p–p chain nucleosynthesis (which could increase the He in stars without affecting heavier elements). Having said that, direct measurements of He are necessary to conclude if variations of this element are present among extended P1 stars.
Fluorescence Video Angiography for Evaluation of Dynamic Perfusion Status in an Aneurysm Preclinical Experimental Setting
Authors: Grüter Basil Erwin , Täschler Dominik , Rey Jeannine , Strange Fabio , Nevzati Edin , Fandino Javier , Marbacher Serge , Coluccia Daniel 
Published: March 2019

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Experimental studies to assess aneurysm occlusion or perfusion typically rely on macroscopic examination or histological analysis but cannot assess dynamic perfusion.

OBJECTIVE
To describe an easy-to-implement and inexpensive fluorescence angiographic technique for the in vivo assessment and imaging of the dynamic perfusion status of aneurysms and their underlying blood vessels in a rat model.

METHODS
In a rat sidewall aneurysm model, the angiographic setup included 2 bandpass filters, a video camera, and a bicycle spotlight. After 48 rats underwent fluorescein angiography, dissections were performed to confirm the perfusion status by macroscopic and histologic examination of the aneurysm.

RESULTS
Direct injection of 0.2 mL fluorescein 10% Faure achieved strong, clear visibility in all 48 aneurysms. Macro-/microscopic examination identified residual perfusion in 25 and complete healing in 23 aneurysms. Fluorescein imaging identified 21 of these 25 aneurysms (84%) with residual perfusion and 22 of 23 aneurysms (96%) with no residual perfusion.

CONCLUSION
Our fluorescein imaging technique proved efficient for the evaluation of aneurysm patency and parent artery integrity in this experimental setting. Fluorescein is nontoxic, can be re-administered if needed, and, in this technique, can expand the armamentarium for the preclinical evaluation of dynamic perfusion status.
Multidisciplinary Approach to Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor of the Trigeminal Nerve: 2-Dimensional Operative Video
Authors: Abou-Al-Shaar Hussam , Gozal Yair M , Hunt Jason P , Couldwell William T 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs) of the trigeminal nerve are uncommon lesions that pose a surgical challenge to neurosurgeons. The case described in this video involved a 67-yr-old man who presented with a 2-yr history of left-sided facial numbness spreading from his chin along the left mandible to the preauricular area. He also reported left-sided tongue numbness and decreased taste on the left side of the tongue. On examination, he had left-sided facial numbness along the V3 distribution to pinprick and light touch. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed an enhancing left V3 lesion extending from Meckel's cave to the angle of the mandible. The patient underwent a left temporal craniotomy for biopsy of the lesion, formalizing the diagnosis of a MPNST of the left trigeminal nerve. A multidisciplinary resection of his lesion was performed. Left infratemporal fossa approach with neck dissection, mandibulectomy, and frontotemporal craniotomy were performed. Additionally, a frontal external ventricular drain was placed for 3 d to aid in CSF diversion to avoid CSF leak, and free-flap reconstruction was undertaken. The patient tolerated the procedure well. Postoperatively, he retained his facial numbness, dysphagia, and dysarthria. The patient was discharged to inpatient rehabilitation on postoperative day 12. Postoperative computed tomography and MRI depicted complete resection of the left trigeminal nerve MPNST. At his last follow-up appointment, 3 mo after surgery, the patient reported significant improvement in his symptoms. Neuroimaging demonstrated no residual tumor and adjuvant radiotherapy was recommended. The patient provided consent for publication.
Deep Brain Stimulation in Patients With Concomitant Cardiac Pacemakers: A Case Series
Authors: Heard Tomas , Coyne Terry , Silburn Peter 
Published: March 2019

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a treatment modality increasingly utilized in the management of neurological and psychiatric conditions. Neurosurgical technical considerations and contraindications have yet to be thoroughly characterized in the literature. The patient population for DBS includes many elderly patients with multiple comorbidities who require treatments and investigations that expose them to electromagnetic fields of varying strengths and durations, including other implanted electromodulatory devices.

OBJECTIVE
To determine if clinically significant interference arises between DBS and cardiac pacemaker systems.

METHODS
Here we audited 8 patients, mean age 72, with cardiac pacemakers and DBS implanted from 2007 to 2015. We investigated details of their neurological and electrocardiological treatment and progress and sought evidence for interference between the two systems.

RESULTS
We found no evidence of DBS dysfunction, and only one case of abnormal pacemaker interrogation 2 yr post-DBS implantation was found, which was thought to be secondary to a medication issue rather than neuromodulation interference.

CONCLUSION
Our research reassures the clinician that pacemakers and DBS systems do not appear to affect one another and provides guidance on minimizing possibility of this.
Surgical Resection of a Recurrent Intramedullary Spinal Epidermoid Cyst: 2-Dimensional Operative Video
Authors: Nichols Noah , Yerneni Ketan , Osorio Joseph A , McDermott Michael , Tan Lee A 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Intramedullary spinal epidermoid cysts are rare tumors and only account for 1% of all spinal tumors in adults. Epidermoid cysts can develop from ectodermal tissue that was inappropriately positioned in the primitive neural tube during closure; acquired forms exist for epidermoid cysts as they can emerge in an iatrogenic manner following repeated lumbar punctures. Malignant progression of epidermoid cysts is extremely rare, and symptoms typically depend on tumor location. Surgical resection is the preferred treatment. Gross total resection is ideal; however, partial resections have demonstrated satisfactory long-term outcomes.
We present a 54-yr-old man with symptomatic recurrence of thoracic intramedullary epidermoid cyst after two prior resections (25 yr and 11 yr ago, respectively). The patient noted worsening back pain, leg spasticity and weakness. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the thoracic spine demonstrated interval expansion of the upper thoracic intramedullary epidermoid cyst compared to surveillance MRI from 3 yr prior.
Given the progressive nature of symptoms, the patient elected to have surgical resection of the tumor. This operative video highlights the technique and surgical nuances of gross-total resection of a recurrent thoracic intramedullary spinal epidermoid cyst. This patient was noted to have a stable neurological exam at the 6-mo follow-up visit with planned adjuvant radiation treatment.
There is no identifying information in this video. Patient consent was obtained for publishing of the material included in the video.
Intraoperative Management of an Enlarged Suprameatal Tubercle During Microvascular Decompression of the Trigeminal Nerve, Surgical and Anatomical Description: 2-Dimensional Operative Video
Authors: Peris-Celda Maria , Perry Avital , Carlstrom Lucas P , Graffeo Christopher S , Link Michael J 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
The suprameatal tubercle is a variable prominence of the posterior aspect of the petrous part of the temporal bone located above the internal acoustic meatus. An enlarged suprameatal tubercle (EST) may present an obstacle during posterior fossa operations, including microvascular decompression (MVD).
In this video we present the case of a 55-yr-old woman with 2 yr of medically refractory left V2-3 typical trigeminal neuralgia. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was suspicious for a compressive superior cerebellar artery (SCA) loop, and negative for any other pathological findings. A left retrosigmoid craniotomy was performed, and upon initial exploration, only the most proximal, superior aspect of the trigeminal nerve was unobscured by an EST. The EST was subsequently removed using the ultrasonic aspirator with bone cutting attachment, allowing full visualization of the nerve from root entry zone (REZ) to Meckel's cave. Inferiorly, a small EST remnant was left to protect the VII-VIII complex. An MVD was performed using Teflon felt to elevate the SCA loop off the REZ and nerve, which was then fully explored, to ensure complete decompression. The patient recovered well with resolved trigeminal neuralgia and no new deficit.
EST is a rare anatomic variant, with potentially significant implications for visualization of structures superior and deep to the internal acoustic canal, including the trigeminal REZ and nerve. Resection of the tubercle is safe, and recommended where it markedly obstructs the operative corridor. Care should be taken to wax the drilled surface of the petrous temporal bone and minimize incumbent risk of cerebrospinal fluid leak.
Informed consent was appropriately documented and verified as outlined by our institutional guidelines.
Embolization of a Complex Facial Arteriovenous Malformation, Balloon-Assisted Flow Arrest, and Controlled n-BCA Injection with Dextrose Push Technique: 2-Dimensional Operative Video
Authors: Brunozzi Denise , Alaraj Ali 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
N-butyl cyanoacrylate glue (n-BCA, Cerenovus, Irvine, California) is commonly used to treat arteriovenous malformation (AVM). Even though Onyx (ethylene vinyl alcohol, Medtronic, Dublin, Ireland) presents more controlled injection, n-BCA is colorless, thus preferable for treatment of superficial facial malformations. N-BCA injection into AVM can result in premature distal migration or early precipitation and reflux into the feeder vessels. Here we describe a trans-arterial balloon assisted technique embolization of a complex facial AVM with n-BCA. A 22-yr-old female with chronic oral/gum bleeding presented with a complex facial AVM. She underwent selective transarterial n-BCA balloon assisted treatment with dextrose push. Informed written consent was obtained. A Scepter dual lumen balloon (MicroVention, Aliso Viejo, California) and a Prowler microcatheter (Cerenovus) were introduced via a 6-French Envoy guide catheter (Cerenovus) selectively into the AVM feeder. The balloon was positioned 3 cm proximal to the Prowler microcatheter tip and fully inflated to create flow arrest. Diluted 25% concentration of n-BCA in Ethiodol Oil was injected through the Prowler microcatheter. The distal migration of the n-BCA was modulated with simultaneous injection of Dextrose 5% in water via the Scepter balloon. This resulted in a controlled glue injection without early distal glue migration (because of the flow arrest) nor early proximal glue precipitation or reflux (because of the dextrose infusion), obtaining complete cure of the complex facial AVM. Glue embolization with flow arrest and dextrose push allows well controlled injection, and it represents a valid option also for high flow vascular lesions.
ERK2 phosphorylates the epigenetic regulator CXXC-finger protein 1 (CFP1)
Authors: Karra Aroon S. , Klein Aileen M. , Earnest Svetlana , Stippec Steve , Wichaidit Chonlarat , McGlynn Kathleen , Trudgian David C. , Mirzaei Hamid , Cobb Melanie H. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe Ras-Raf-MEK-ERK signaling pathway is essential for proper development and homeostatic regulation in eukaryotic cells and underlies progression of several types of cancer. Many pathway functions are performed by extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1 and 2 (ERK1/2), serine/threonine protein kinases of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) family that interact with a large number of substrates and are highly active in the nucleus.ResultsWe identified the epigenetic regulator CXXC-finger protein 1 (CFP1) as a protein that interacts with ERK2 on chromatin. CFP1 is involved in multiple aspects of chromatin regulation, including histone methylation and DNA methylation. Here, we demonstrate the overlapping roles for ERK1/2 and CFP1 in regulation of immediate early gene (IEG) induction. Our work suggests multiple modes of co-regulation and demonstrates that CFP1 is required for an optimal signal-dependent response. We also show that CFP1 is an ERK2 substratein vitroand identify several phosphorylation sites. Furthermore, we provide evidence that Su(var)3-9, Enhancer-of-zeste and Trithorax (Set)1b, a CFP1-interacting histone methylase, is phosphorylated by ERK2 and is regulated by CFP1.ConclusionOur work highlights ERK1/2 interactions with chromatin regulators that contribute to MAPK signaling diversity in the nucleus.
Circulating Lysophosphatidylcholines, Phosphatidylcholines, Ceramides, and Sphingomyelins and Ovarian Cancer Risk: a 23-year Prospective Study
Authors: Zeleznik Oana A. , Clish Clary B. , Kraft Peter , Avila-Pancheco Julian , Eliassen A. Heather , Tworoger Shelley S. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBackgroundExperimental evidence supports a role of lipid dysregulation in ovarian cancer progression and metastasis. We estimated associations with ovarian cancer risk for circulating levels of four lipid groups measured 3-23 years before diagnosis.MethodsAnalyses were conducted among cases (N = 252) and matched controls (N = 252) from the Nurses’ Health Studies. We used logistic regression adjusting for risk factors to investigate associations of lysophosphatidylcholines (LPC), phosphatidylcholines (PC), ceramides (CER), and sphingomyelins (SM) with ovarian cancer risk overall and by histotype. A Bonferroni adjusted p-value threshold of 0.0125 (0.05/4; 4 measured lipid groups) was used to evaluate statistical significance. Odds ratios (OR; 10thto the 90thpercentile) and 95% confidence intervals of ovarian cancer risk were estimated.ResultsC16:0 SM, C18:0 SM, C16:0 CER and SM sum were significantly positively associated with ovarian cancer risk, with ORs ranging from 1.95-2.10, with stronger ORs for postmenopausal women (2.02-3.22). ORs were generally similar for serous/poorly differentiated and endometrioid/clear cell tumors, although most did not meet the Bonferroni-adjusted p-value for significance. C18:1 LPC and the ratio of LPC to PC were significantly inversely, while C18:0 SM was significantly positively, associated with risk of endometrioid/clear cell tumors.ConclusionElevated levels of circulating SMs 3-23 years before diagnosis were associated with increased risk of ovarian cancer, regardless of histotype, with stronger associations among postmenopausal women. Prospective and experimental studies are required to validate our findings and understand the role of lipid dysregulation, SMs in particular, in ovarian carcinogenesis.