bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Increased flux in acetyl-CoA synthetic pathway and TCA cycle of Kluyveromyces marxianus under respiratory conditions
Authors: Sakihama Yuri , Hidese Ryota , Hasunuma Tomohisa , Kondo Akihiko 
Published: March 2019

AbstractYeasts are extremely useful, not only for fermentation but also for a wide spectrum of fuel and chemical productions. We analyzed the overall metabolic turnover and transcript dynamics in glycolysis and the TCA cycle, revealing the difference in adaptive pyruvate metabolic response between a Crabtree-negative species,Kluyveromyces marxianus, and a Crabtree-positive species,Saccharomyces cerevisiae, during aerobic growth. Pyruvate metabolism was inclined toward ethanol production under aerobic conditions inS.cerevisiae, while increased transcript abundances of the genes involved in ethanol metabolism and those encoding pyruvate dehydrogenase were seen inK.marxianus, indicating the augmentation of acetyl-CoA synthesis. Furthermore, different metabolic turnover in the TCA cycle was observed in the two species: malate and fumarate production inS.cerevisiaewas higher than inK.marxianus, irrespective of aeration; however, fluxes of both the reductive and oxidative TCA cycles were enhanced inK.marxianusby aeration, implying both the cycles contribute to efficient electron flux without producing ethanol. Additionally, decreased hexokinase activity under aerobic conditions is expected to be important for maintenance of suitable carbon flux. These findings demonstrate differences in the key metabolic trait of yeasts employing respiration or fermentation, and provide important insight into the metabolic engineering of yeasts.
Photochemical nitrogenation of alkanes and arenes by a strongly luminescent osmium(VI) nitrido complex
Authors: Xiang Jing , Jin Xin-Xin , Su Qian-Qian , Cheng Shun-Cheung , Ko Chi-Chiu , Man Wai-Lun , Xue Minying , Wu Liangliang , Che Chi-Ming , Lau Tai-Chu 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe search for a highly active nitrido complex that can transfer its nitrogen atom to inert organic molecules remains a challenge to chemists. In this regard, the use of solar energy to generate a reactive nitrido species is an appealing strategy to solve this problem. Here we report the design of a strongly luminescent osmium(VI) nitrido compound, [OsVI(N)(NO2-L)(CN)3]− (NO2-OsN) with emission quantum yield (Φ) and life time (τ) of 3.0% and 0.48 μs, respectively in dichloromethane solution. Upon irradiation with visible light, this complex readily activates the aliphatic C-H bonds of various hydrocarbons, including alkanes. The excited state of NO2-OsN can undergo ring-nitrogenation of arenes, including benzene. Photophysical and computational studies suggest that the excited state of NO2-OsN arises from O^N ligand to Os ≡ N charge transfer transitions, and as a result it possesses [Os = N•] nitridyl character and is highly electrophilic.
Expression profile and prognostic value of SFN in human ovarian cancer
Authors: Hu Yi , Zeng Qing , Li Chenxi , Xie Ying 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Ovarian cancer is a highly lethal cancer in females. Therefore, it is necessary to explore effective biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of the disease. Stratifin (SFN) is a cell cycle checkpoint protein that has been reported to be involved in oncogenesis. Our studies detected the expression of SFN in ovarian cancer by Oncomine, Human Protein Atlas database and ULCAN database. Meanwhile, we found its coexpression gene by cBioPortal online tool and validated their expression in different ovarian cancer cells by western blot and reverse transcription quantitative PCR. Then, we also investigated their prognostic values via the Kaplan–Meier plotter database in different subtypes of ovarian cancer patients. The results demonstrated that SFN was found to be increased in ten various ovarian cancer datasets, compared with healthy tissues. Additionally, up-regulation of SFN expression is associated with age and cancer grades. The higher expression of SFN in all patients with ovarian cancers is significantly correlated with worse postprogression survival. In addition, high SFN expression is associated with significantly worse overall survival in patients who received chemotherapy contains gemcitabine, taxol, taxol+platin, paclitaxel and avastin. In human ovarian carcinoma SKOV3 and A2780 cells, the expression of SFN and its coexpression gene MICB were also increased at protein and mRNA levels compared with the normal ovarian epithelial cells. Based on above results, overexpression of SFN was correlated with the prognosis in ovarian cancer. The present study might be useful for better understanding the clinical significance of SFN mRNA.
Word Retrieval Difficulties and Cognitive Control in Specific Language Impairment
Authors: Ladányi Enikő , Lukács Ágnes 
Published: March 2019

Purpose
The study aims to test whether children with specific language impairment (SLI) show weaknesses in word retrieval and cognitive control and to find out whether impairments in the 2 domains are associated.

Method

Thirty-one children with SLI (age:
M
= 8;11 years;months,
SD
= 1;1) and 31 age- and IQ-matched typically developing children completed 2 word retrieval tasks and 3 cognitive control tasks. Word retrieval was assessed with a fluency task and a rapid automatized naming (RAN) task, whereas cognitive control was measured with a backward digit span, an
n
-back task, and a Stroop task.

Results

We found weaker performance in the SLI group than in the typically developing group in all the fluency conditions and in the size–color–shape RAN as well as on the backward digit span and
n
-back tasks. Performance on the letter fluency task was associated with backward digit span, whereas size–color–shape RAN performance was associated with backward digit span and
n
-back scores. Testing the relative contribution of the 3 cognitive control tasks together with verbal short-term memory span and vocabulary size showed that performance on both word retrieval tasks was best explained by nonword repetition and backward digit span measures.

Conclusions
These results suggest that both word retrieval and cognitive control are impaired in SLI and weaker cognitive control may contribute to word retrieval problems, although weaker short-term memory also has a crucial contribution to word retrieval difficulties during these tasks. If further research confirms this association with cognitive control, training of this ability should be included in the therapy of at least some children with SLI.
Platform for design, simulation, and experimental evaluation of small wind turbines
Authors: Mohammadi Ebrahim , Fadaeinedjad Roohollah , Naji Hamid Reza 
Published: March 2019

Wind turbines are complicated systems with different aerodynamic and electromechanical aspects. An integrated platform which includes design, simulation, and experimental evaluation of wind energy conversion systems is very helpful to design, develop, and examine the performance of different wind turbine sub‐systems. The previous studies exclude such a platform and this study tries to fill this gap. In this study, the blades of a 5.5 kW fixed‐speed stall‐regulated wind turbine are initially designed then employed in simulation and emulation. The same as the simulation setup, the utilised emulator uses AeroDyn and FAST software tools to model the aerodynamic and mechanical aspects of the turbine in a laboratory environment. The emulator is capable of reproducing the static and dynamic behaviour of the turbine in a laboratory similar to the real turbines. For simulation, the electrical parts are implemented in MATLAB/Simulink, whereas the real electrical parts are used for the emulator. The performance of the turbine with the designed blades is investigated in simulation and emulation considering a simple hub‐height and turbulent wind profile, generated by TurbSim software tool based on the IEC standards. Moreover, the start‐up process of the wind turbine is evaluated using the wind turbine emulator and the results are discussed.
Digitale Kardiologie
Authors: Meder Benjamin , Radke Peter 
Published: March 2019

Was ist neu?
Aktuelle Entwicklungen der modernen Medizin Künstliche Intelligenz, Big Data und mobile Sensorik transformieren derzeit die Kardiologie. Fortschrittliche digitale Konzepte spielen in vielen Bereichen der Kardiologie eine immer wichtigere Rolle und werden sich schnell als Partner von Arzt und Patient etablieren können.
Big Data und künstliche Intelligenz Künstliche Intelligenz (KI) hält Einzug in den digitalen Arztalltag und ist keine Science-Fiction mehr. Spezielle Algorithmen kommen heute bereits im Rahmen diagnostischer Prozesse zum Einsatz und bieten großes Potenzial für die Zukunft.
Smartphones, Apps und Co. Smartphones und Wearables können über die Anwendung von speziellen Apps im Bereich der Kardiologie eingesetzt werden. Die neue DSGVO erschwert die Entwicklung neuer Kommunikationskanäle unter Ärzten und zwischen Ärzten und Patienten. Neue Apps, Messenger und Verschlüsselungssysteme sollen die Sicherheit der sensiblen Daten gewährleisten.
Digitale Nephrologie
Authors: Becker Stefan , Budde Klemens , Tillmann Frank-Peter , Koisar Karoline , Wamprecht Laura , Müschenich Markus , Meister Sven , Roller Roland 
Published: March 2019

Was ist neu?
Stand der Dinge Die Nephrologie steht vor erheblichen strukturellen Herausforderungen. Die Digitalisierung kann ein entscheidender Katalysator sein, um mit neuen Systemlösungen den Bedürfnissen von Patienten und ihren versorgenden Ärzten besser gerecht zu werden.
Digitalisierung als „Game Changer“ in der Medizin Der Durchbruch der digitalen Medizin steht noch bevor; digitale Lösungen haben das Potenzial, das Gesundheitswesen und die klinische Arbeit am Patienten grundlegend zu verändern.
Bedürfnis nach Kommunikation und gesundheitsbezogenen Mobilapplikationen (mHealth) Eine verbesserte Kommunikation ist der entscheidende Treiber. Über gesundheitsbezogene Mobilapplikationen können Behandlungsprozesse neu gedacht und gestaltet werden.
Big Data und maschinelles Lernen Durch maschinelle Unterstützungssysteme könnte die Diagnosestellung insgesamt sicherer und schneller gestaltet werden, sodass in der Folge dem Arzt mehr Zeit für eine bedarfsadaptierte individuelle Patientenberatung zur Verfügung stehen würde.
Natürliche Sprachverarbeitung Mithilfe künstlicher Intelligenz können Patientendaten besser analysiert und beispielsweise zur Früherkennung seltener Erkrankungen auf Grundlage von Symptomen schneller erkannt werden.
Strukturierte Karrierewege in der Universitätsmedizin
Authors: Thimme Robert , Pahl Heike , Werner Karin , Nagel Irene , Bruckner-Tuderman Leena 
Published: March 2019

AbstractScientifically active medical doctors are required for successful translation of novel basic findings into the clinic. However, there is an increasing tendency of young medical doctors to primarily follow a more clinically and not scientifically orientated career pathway. Therefore, the establishment of novel career education structures and career perspectives in university medicine are important to stop this development. Here, we will discuss the current situation and ongoing attempts to design novel structural programs that allow a better combination of clinical and scientific work by highlighting also current developments at the Faculty of Medicine at the University of Freiburg.
Neuroimaging in Dementias
Authors: Mahalingam Sowmya , Chen Ming-Kai 
Published: March 2019

AbstractDementia is a global health issue, the burden of which will worsen with an increasingly aging population. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common dementia, with 50 to 60% of all dementias attributable to AD alone, while the rest are mostly due to frontotemporal lobar dementia, dementia with Lewy bodies, Parkinson's disease dementia, and vascular dementia. Diagnosis of dementias is made clinically with the aid of other testing modalities including neuroimaging. While the role of imaging has traditionally been to exclude reversible causes of dementia, positron emission tomography (PET) with 18-fluorine fluorodeoxyglucose and magnetic resonance imaging now are increasingly used more for definitive diagnosis of dementia in the prodromal stages and to aid with formulating the differential diagnoses. Introduction of molecular imaging modalities such as amyloid PET and tau PET have improved diagnostic certainty in the clinical trial setting and promise to find their way into the clinic in the near future. In this review, we will focus on the multimodality imaging of dementias especially AD and its differential diagnoses.
Vascular Cognitive Disorder
Authors: Paradise Matt , Sachdev Perminder 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe term vascular cognitive disorder (VCD) refers to a heterogeneous group of disorders in which the primary feature is cognitive impairment attributable to cerebrovascular disease (CVD). This includes not only vascular dementia (VaD) but also cognitive impairment of insufficient severity to meet diagnostic criteria for dementia. VCD is recognized as the second most common cause of dementia after Alzheimer's disease (AD), but prevalence rates vary widely according to the diagnostic criteria employed. There have been recent attempts to standardize diagnostic criteria. VCD incorporates a range of neuropathological mechanisms including poststroke impairment, small and large vessel disease, and cases of mixed-pathology, with CVD interacting with AD and other neuropathologies. Recent neuroimaging data have improved our understanding of the etiology of VCD. Symptomatic treatments for VaD have modest benefit and there is increased focus on the primary and secondary preventative benefits of vascular risk factor control.
Interventional Radiology: A Potential Antidote to Physician Burnout
Authors: Knox Michael 
Published: March 2019

AbstractPhysician burnout affects more than half of U.S. physicians, is multifactorial in origin, and should be addressed at organizational, group, and individual levels. By examining the career of one private practice interventional radiologist, insight into lessons learned and strategies for promotion of a fulfilling career might apply to others. Priorities may vary depending on stage of career, but some common themes of meaning and purpose that most interventional radiology (IR) physicians embrace throughout their careers emerge. Recognizing and cultivating these might provide keys to mitigating professional burnout and promoting a fulfilling IR career.
Value of Interventional Radiology: Past, Present, and Future
Authors: Doherty Michael 
Published: March 2019

AbstractInterventional radiology (IR) has had immense growth in importance and value over the last several decades from its founding in the mid-20th century. IR procedures have been widely adopted and an era of IR clinical expertise is upon us. Despite this, there is a perception that IR is simply an imaging study to be ordered and that IR physicians are expendable. This article attempts to explore that. Questionnaires were sent to other specialties and administrators asking key questions regarding the value of IR as a specialty, both for procedural and consultative expertise as well as their thoughts on the future of IR. Answers varied, but consistent opinions were observed that IR is extremely valuable, both procedurally and consultatively, and that expansion of IR services is likely. IR is extremely valuable given its impact on healthcare (lessening morbidity, decreasing length of stay, improving cost) and although there is some misperception of this value, other specialties and administrators understand it well. Newer generations of IR physicians are poised to become even more impactful if they continue to expand their clinical presence.
Alzheimer's Disease Including Focal Presentations
Authors: Villain Nicolas , Dubois Bruno 
Published: March 2019

AbstractAlzheimer's disease (AD) is the commonest neurodegenerative disease and the most frequent cause of dementia. It affects 30 million people worldwide. Current research criteria focus on biomarkers' status for amyloid and tau using positron emission tomography and cerebrospinal fluid analysis, independent of clinical status. Current epidemiological data, which mostly rely on biomarker-undetermined AD cases, have highlighted ApoE4 and age as the main risk factors. Rare autosomal dominant mutations also account for a small fraction of early-onset AD. The main clinical phenotype at presentation is the amnestic phenotype targeting episodic memory. This is followed by rarer phenotypes such as posterior cortical atrophy, logopenic variant of primary progressive aphasia, frontal variant AD, corticobasal syndrome, and other even rarer presentations mimicking language variants of frontotemporal dementia. Main differential diagnoses include hippocampal sclerosis with TDP-43, primary age-related tauopathy, argyrophilic grain disease, frontotemporal lobar degeneration, Lewy body disease, chronic traumatic encephalopathy as well as nondegenerative disorders such as cerebrovascular disease, chronic alcohol consumption, limbic encephalitis, medial temporal lobe epilepsy, and others. Co-occurrence of AD pathology with other neurodegenerative and vascular diseases is common and increases with age. This presents a challenge in current clinical practice due to a lack of reliable biomarkers for non-AD neurodegenerative diseases.
A Comprehensive Update on Treatment of Dementia
Authors: Tisher Annya , Salardini Arash 
Published: March 2019

AbstractTreatment of dementias represents an important but relatively neglected part of neurological care of the elderly population. Individual therapeutic interventions may make only small changes to the quality of life of individuals afflicted with dementia, but when used in combination these interventions synergize and can make a significant difference. Additionally, given the societal scale of the problem of dementia care, the overall impact, in economic and sociological terms, of such therapies is of consequence. Presently there are no disease-modifying treatments for any of the neurodegenerative dementias. Instead, the clinician has several therapeutic tools to mitigate cognitive and behavioral consequences of dementias. There are also strategies to minimize harm to patients with dementia. In this article, we aim to review these tools and place them in the greater context of dementia care.
Energetic regulation of coordinated leader–follower dynamics during collective invasion of breast cancer cells
Authors: Zhang Jian , Goliwas Kayla F. , Wang Wenjun , Taufalele Paul V. , Bordeleau Francois , Reinhart-King Cynthia A. 
Published: March 2019

Significance
Metastasis accounts for most cancer-associated death. To metastasize, cells can move collectively where cells travel together as cohorts to invade surrounding tissues. However, the mechanisms by which cells move collectively are unclear. Utilizing a combination of in vitro, ex vivo, and in silico approaches, we demonstrated that cancer cell collective invasion is regulated by the energetic states of leader–follower cells. Leader cells require more energy than follower cells, and forward invasion of the leader cell consumes and depletes its available energy. A follower cell then takes over the leader position to sustain invasion. Clinically, there is significant interest in metabolic inhibitors to treat cancer, and our results suggest that metastatic migration might also be inhibited by targeting metabolic pathways.
Comparing accuracy between global positioning systems and ultra‐wideband‐based position tracking systems used for tactical analyses in soccer
Authors: Bastida‐Castillo Alejandro , Gómez‐Carmona Carlos D. , De La Cruz Sánchez Ernesto , Pino‐Ortega José 
Published: March 2019

AbstractCurrent studies have reported high accuracy in global positioning system (GPS) and recently developed ultra‐wideband (UWB)‐based tracking systems for monitoring time – motion patterns. The accuracy and reliability of both systems may be different in tactical analysis application, an aspect that has never been studied previously. The aims of the present study were: (i) to determine and compare the accuracy of GPS and UWB technologies in soccer players’ positions (ii) to compare the tactical application of both systems. Following institutional ethical approval and familiarisation, 14 well‐trained soccer players performed tests around five courses: (a) field perimeter, (b) halfway line, (c) centre circle, (d) perimeter of the penalty area, and (e) semicircle penalty area. Also, a small‐sided game was played monitored with WIMUPRO™ to determine real and practical differences in accuracy of both systems in tactical analysis. For the GPS, the mean absolute error (N = 9445) of “x” and “y” coordinates was 41.23 ± 17.31 cm and 47.6 ± 8.97 cm, respectively. For UWB, it was 9.57 ± 2.66 cm and 7.15 ± 2.62 cm. The results of the “x” and “y” accuracy comparison were significantly lower in all cases (p < 0.05) with an ES of 0.78 and 0.95, respectively. In a real practical application, the differences of both systems reached 8.31% in typical tactical variables (ES = 0.11). In contrast to GPS‐10Hz, UWB WIMUPRO™‐20 Hz has been demonstrated to be an acceptable technology to estimate the position of players on the pitch with high accuracy and be a useful, automatic, and portable instrument for tactical analysis measurement.
Associations of Maternal Cell-Phone Use During Pregnancy With Pregnancy Duration and Fetal Growth in 4 Birth Cohorts
Authors: Tsarna Ermioni , Reedijk Marije , Birks Laura Ellen , Guxens Mònica , Ballester Ferran , Ha Mina , Jiménez-Zabala Ana , Kheifets Leeka , Lertxundi Aitana , Lim Hyung-Ryul , Olsen Jorn , González Safont Llúcia , Sudan Madhuri , Cardis Elisabeth , Vrijheid Martine , Vrijkotte Tanja , Huss Anke , Vermeulen Roel 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Results from studies evaluating potential effects of prenatal exposure to radio-frequency electromagnetic fields from cell phones on birth outcomes have been inconsistent. Using data on 55,507 pregnant women and their children from Denmark (1996–2002), the Netherlands (2003–2004), Spain (2003–2008), and South Korea (2006–2011), we explored whether maternal cell-phone use was associated with pregnancy duration and fetal growth. On the basis of self-reported number of cell-phone calls per day, exposure was grouped as none, low (referent), intermediate, or high. We examined pregnancy duration (gestational age at birth, preterm/postterm birth), fetal growth (birth weight ratio, small/large size for gestational age), and birth weight variables (birth weight, low/high birth weight) and meta-analyzed cohort-specific estimates. The intermediate exposure group had a higher risk of giving birth at a lower gestational age (hazard ratio = 1.04, 95% confidence interval: 1.01, 1.07), and exposure-response relationships were found for shorter pregnancy duration (P < 0.001) and preterm birth (P = 0.003). We observed no association with fetal growth or birth weight. Maternal cell-phone use during pregnancy may be associated with shorter pregnancy duration and increased risk of preterm birth, but these results should be interpreted with caution, since they may reflect stress during pregnancy or other residual confounding rather than a direct effect of cell-phone exposure.