bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integriertes Deckensystem für den Stahl‐ und Verbundbau
Authors: Kopp Maik , Christou Georgios , Stark Alexander , Hegger Josef , Feldmann Markus 
Published: February 2018

AbstractIm Rahmen des AiF‐Forschungsvorhabens 18658 N [1] wurde das integrierte Stahl‐Verbunddeckensystem InaDeck [2] hinsichtlich seiner Praxisreife weiterentwickelt. Das Deckensystem als Ausgangsbasis zeichnet sich durch große Spannweiten und die im Deckenhohlraum integrierte Gebäudetechnik aus. Im Rahmen des Forschungsprojektes wurden einerseits die einzelnen Deckenelemente hinsichtlich Tragfähigkeit, Wirtschaftlichkeit und Ressourceninanspruchnahme optimiert, andererseits wurde die Einbindung des Deckensystems in das Gesamttragwerk entwickelt. Das Tragverhalten der optimierten Deckenelemente wurde in experimentellen und theoretischen Untersuchungen erforscht. Hierbei wurden einerseits die lokalen Tragmechanismen der Verbundmittel im Stegöffnungsbereich und andererseits die Einflüsse einer kombinierten Quer‐ und Längsbiegebeanspruchung im Deckenelement untersucht. Zudem wurde das Schwingungsverhalten der leichten Verbunddecke analysiert. Dieser Artikel fasst die wesentlichen Ergebnisse des Forschungsvorhabens zusammen.
Einfluss der Digitalisierung auf die Kommunikation und Kooperation in der Stahlbauausführung
Authors: Karl Christian K. , Spengler Arnim J. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractIn vielen Industriebereichen hat die Digitalisierung bereits die Produktivität und Qualität steigern können. Durch die zunehmende Digitalisierung im Kontext von Industrie 4.0 und der aktuell steigenden Verbreitung des Building Information Modeling (BIM) in der Bauwirtschaft sowie den stetig wachsenden technischen Möglichkeiten, insbesondere der Rechenleistung und der Speicherkapazität, wird auch die Bauausführung im Stahlbau zunehmend beeinflusst. Ziel dieses Aufsatzes ist es, einen Impuls zu geben für eine disziplinübergreifende Diskussion über den Einfluss der Digitalisierung in der Stahlbauausführung, insbesondere hinsichtlich Kommunikation und Kooperation. Basierend auf den verschiedenen Formen der Zusammenarbeit werden generelle Anforderungen an Kommunikation und Kooperation innerhalb ausgewählter Stahlbauprozesse wie auch darin involvierten Rollen vorgestellt. Anhand eines von den Autoren erstellten wissensorientierten Kommunikationsmodells wird in angemessener Kürze dargestellt, in welcher Art und Weise die Kommunikation als auch die Informations‐ bzw. Wissensgenerierung und ‐organisation durch die Digitalisierung beeinflusst sein kann. Daneben werden ebenso Kommunikations‐ bzw. Interaktionsmuster mit/von/durch Maschinen thematisiert, welche in Zukunft eine immer höhere Relevanz erhalten werden. Schließlich werden Empfehlungen gegeben für die digitale Transformation im Unternehmen.
Computational design in the building industry – Three key drivers for effectively applying computational design in the building industry
Authors: Huijben Frank , van der Ploeg Chris 
Published: February 2018

AbstractComputational Design in der Bauindustrie – Drei Schlüsselfaktoren für die effektive Anwendung von Computational Design in der Bauindustrie. Die „intelligenten” digitalen Technologien von heute helfen uns, die steigenden Anforderungen an die integrale Gebäudeleistung effizienter einzuhalten, gleichzeitig höhere Standards zu erfüllen und wertvolle Erkenntnisse über die Folgen von Designänderungen zu gewinnen. Die Einführung computergestützter Designtechnologien im Bauprozess ergibt sich oft direkt aus einer zeit‐ und geldorientierten Perspektive, wobei der Schwerpunkt auf der punktuellen Verbesserung der Unternehmenseffizienz liegt. Für die effiziente Nutzung von Computational Design in der Bauindustrie spielen drei Schlüsselfaktoren eine Rolle: die Notwendigkeit effektiverer und effizienterer Prozesse, die Verfügbarkeit neuer Technologien und höhere Ansprüche an die integrale Gebäudeleistung. Diese Schlüsselfaktoren werden im Folgenden anhand von Beispielen aus der Praxis veranschaulicht. Angesichts der zahlreichen neuen Techniken, die für den gesamten Bauprozess verfügbar sind, besteht die neue Herausforderung darin, die „punktuellen Verbesserungen” so miteinander zu verknüpfen, dass sich Synergieeffekte nutzen und möglicherweise neue Designmethoden und Bauprozesse entwickeln lassen. Digitale Technologien werden die Bauindustrie dazu zwingen, Prozesse zu überdenken, neue Beziehungen herzustellen und neue Geschäftsmodelle zu entwickeln, um die langfristige Lebensfähigkeit von Konstruktions‐ und Beratungsunternehmen im Klima des Performance‐driven Designs zu gewährleisten.
Lateral torsional buckling design imperfections for use in non‐linear FEA
Authors: Snijder H.H. , van der Aa R.P. , Hofmeyer H. , van Hove B.W.E.M. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractTo perform geometrically and materially non‐linear analyses including imperfections for steel beam lateral torsional buckling, the size and shape of the geometric imperfection can be taken from EN 1993‐1‐1. The shape is prescribed as an initial bow along the weak axis of the section, excluding torsion of the cross‐section. Alternatively the shape of the imperfection can be taken equal to the lateral torsional buckling mode, including torsion. Several tables and formulae exist for the determination of the size of the imperfection. In this article, different imperfection approaches are presented for finite element simulations to evaluate lateral torsional non‐linear buckling resistances and to compare these to results obtained with design rules. Based on the comparisons made, the article concludes with a proposal for design imperfections to be used in non‐linear Finite Element Analyses (FEA) for lateral torsional buckling of beams.
2D Nanostructured Metal Hydroxides with Gene Delivery and Theranostic Functions; A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Choi Goeun , Eom Sairan , Vinu Ajayan , Choy Jin‐Ho 
Published: February 2018

AbstractLayered double hydroxides (LDHs) with two dimensional structure have been attracted considerable interest in exploring new intercalative nanohybrids, such as inorganic‐LDHs, organic‐LDHs and bio‐LDHs ones, which often exhibit extraordinarily synergetic effects and complementary performances. More recently, bio‐related nanotechnology becomes one of the most essential research field in the viewpoint of the health and safety of human being. In this regard, LDHs have been focused as an important inorganic material for gene and drug delivery carriers with imaging and targeting functions. In the present review, an attempt has been made to describe gene delivery systems based on LDH nanoparticles in terms of synthetic routes of gene‐LDH nanohybrids, their physico‐chemical properties, intercellular uptake mechanisms, intracellular trafficking pathways and drug resistance, and passive and active targeting functions in in‐vitro and in‐vivo, and finally imaging functions. And recent studies of gene‐therapies with LDHs are also discussed from the viewpoint of state‐of‐the‐art nanohybrids technology.
Molecular detection of Ehrlichia canis in dogs from three districts in Punjab (Pakistan)
Authors: Malik Muhammad I. , Qamar Muhammad , Ain Quratul , Hussain Malik F. , Dahmani Mustapha , Ayaz Mazhar , Mahmood Asim K. , Davoust Bernard , Shaikh Rehan S. , Iqbal Furhan 
Published: February 2018

AbstractCanine monocytic ehrlichiosis is a tick‐borne disease caused by an intracellular alpha‐proteobacterium, Ehrlichia canis, which replicates within mononuclear cells in the host. This study was designed to use a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) protocol for the molecular detection of E. canis by the amplification of a portion of its 16S rRNA gene, as well as the effects of this alpha‐proteobacterium on the haematological parameters of the sampled dogs and the risk factors associated with E. canis infection. A total of 151 blood samples were collected from dogs of various breeds at three sampling sites (Lahore, Rawalpindi/Islamabad and Multan) in Punjab, Pakistan. Data regarding the epidemiological factors (including age, gender, breed, body temperature, deworming, vaccination, mucous membrane status, hydration status, the presence of haematuria and tick infestation) were collected through a questionnaire at the time of sample collection. A 400 bp DNA fragment of the 16S rRNA gene of E. canis was amplified from 42 dog blood samples (28% of the total), [Lahore (N = 24), Rawalpindi/Islamabad (N = 13) and Multan (N = 05)] through PCR. Data analysis revealed that the character of the animals (age, sex and breed) had no significant association (P > 0.05) with the presence of E. canis. Various haematological parameters were also compared, and the results revealed that all of the parameters remained unaffected, except significantly lower white blood cell counts (P = 0.004) in E. canis‐positive blood samples, as compared with the control group. We concluded that this is the first molecular confirmation of canine infection by E. canis using PCR. Moreover, no specific epidemiological parameter was found associated with the prevalence of E. canis in dogs.
Viral‐based nanomaterials for plasmonic and photonic materials and devices
Authors: Petrescu Dan Stefan , Blum Amy Szuchmacher 
Published: February 2018

Over the last decade, viruses have established themselves as a powerful tool in nanotechnology. Their proteinaceous capsids benefit from biocompatibility, chemical addressability, and a variety of sizes and geometries, while their ability to encapsulate, scaffold, and self‐assemble enables their use for a wide array of purposes. Moreover, the scaling up of viral‐based nanotechnologies is facilitated by high capsid production yield and speed, which is particularly advantageous when compared with slower and costlier lithographic techniques. These features enable the bottom‐up fabrication of photonic and plasmonic materials, which relies on the precise arrangement of photoactive material at the nanoscale to control phenomena such as electromagnetic wave propagation and energy transfer. The interdisciplinary approach required for the fabrication of such materials combines techniques from the life sciences and device engineering, thus promoting innovative research. Materials with applications spanning the fields of sensing (biological, chemical, and physical sensors), nanomedicine (cellular imaging, drug delivery, phototherapy), energy transfer and conversion (solar cells, light harvesting, photocatalysis), metamaterials (negative refraction, artificial magnetism, near‐field amplification), and nanoparticle synthesis are considered with exclusive emphasis on viral capsids and protein cages.This article is categorized under:
Biology‐Inspired Nanomaterials > Protein and Virus‐Based Structures
Green's function and pointwise estimate for a generalized Poisson‐Nernst‐Planck‐Navier‐Stokes model in dimension three
Authors: Wu Zhigang , Wang Weike 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThe Cauchy's problem of the generalized Poisson‐Nernst‐Planck‐Navier‐Stokes model in dimension three is considered. First, after dividing the physical domain into two parts: finite Mach number region and outside finite Mach number region, we give pointwise estimates of the Green's function by using long‐wave short‐wave decomposition and weighted energy estimate method in each region separately. Then from Duhamel's principle and some estimates on the nonlinear interactions between different wave patterns, we give the pointwise estimates of the solution for the nonlinear problem –, which exhibit generalized Huygens' principle for mass density, macroscopic momentum, negative charge distribution and positive charge distribution. As a byproduct, we find that the decay rates in () for both negative charge distribution and positive charge distribution are faster than those for the mass density ρ and the macroscopic momentum. More importantly, we obtained both electrostatic potential and the difference between negative charge distribution and positive charge distribution have the exponential decay rate in ‐norm when .
Segmentectomy Versus Lobectomy for Radiologically Pure Solid Clinical T1a‐bN0M0 Lung Cancer
Authors: Tsubokawa Norifumi , Tsutani Yasuhiro , Miyata Yoshihiro , Handa Yoshinori , Misumi Keizo , Hanaki Hideaki , Hida Eisuke , Okada Morihito 
Published: February 2018

AbstractBackgroundSegmentectomy for radiologically pure solid tumors is still controversial because these tumors are more aggressive in malignancy than those with ground‐glass opacity. This study aimed to determine the feasibility of intentional segmentectomy for pure solid small‐sized lung cancer.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed 96 radiologically pure solid tumors in clinical T1a‐bN0M0 lung cancer. Patients whose tumor was located at a central region or right middle lobe were excluded. Forty‐four patients who underwent lobectomy were compared with 52 those who underwent segmentectomy. Segmentectomy got converted to lobectomy if lymph node metastases or inadequate surgical margin was confirmed. Factors affecting survival were assessed using Cox regression. Propensity score stratification analysis was also performed.ResultsEight patients (8%) were identified as a histological type other than adenocarcinoma or squamous cell carcinoma. Moreover, 14 patients (14%) displayed lymph node metastasis. Among those who underwent segmentectomy, nine patients (16%) were converted to lobectomy due to lymph node metastasis or inadequate surgical margin. The 3‐year recurrence‐free survival rates were 84.1 and 82.2% in patients who underwent segmentectomy and lobectomy, respectively (P = 0.745). In addition, the recurrence‐free survival was not statistically significant between segmentectomy and lobectomy, as determined via multivariable Cox regression analysis (hazard ratio 1.11; 95% confidence interval 0.40–3.06), even after propensity score stratification (hazard ratio 1.17; 95% confidence interval 0.38–3.65).ConclusionsSegmentectomy with intraoperative assessment of lymph node metastasis and adequate surgical margin may be a feasible surgical procedure for pure solid tumors in clinical T1a‐bN0M0 lung cancer.
The Effect of Preoperative Pneumonia on Postsurgical Mortality and Morbidity: A NSQIP Analysis
Authors: Jamali Sarah , Dagher Michael , Bilani Nadeem , Mailhac Aurelie , Habbal Mohamad , Zeineldine Salah , Tamim Hani 
Published: February 2018

AbstractBackgroundCurrently, only indirect evidence suggests that preoperative pneumonia is a significant risk factor for poor postsurgical outcomes. Although this relationship is clinically intuitive, this is the first study that aims to quantify the extent to which pneumonia impacts morbidity and mortality. The objective of this study was to determine the impact of preoperative pneumonia on 30‐day mortality and morbidity among both elective and emergency surgical patients.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study using 2008–2012 data from the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database. Patients with preoperative pneumonia were matched to controls without preoperative pneumonia. Patient demographics and postoperative outcomes were extracted from the database, including 30‐day mortality, specific morbidities (wound, cardiac, respiratory, urinary, central nervous system, thromboembolism and sepsis), composite morbidity, number of blood transfusions and number of patients that returned to the OR. Mortality and composite morbidity were further stratified.ResultsWe obtained data for 137,174 patients, of whom 6933 (0.50%) had preoperative pneumonia. Overall, 6111 were successfully matched to 24,444 patients with no pneumonia. Postoperative mortality and composite morbidity were both higher in patients with pneumonia than in those without pneumonia, with an odds ratio of 1.37 (95% CI 1.26–1.48) and 1.68 (95% CI 1.58–1.79), respectively.ConclusionPreoperative pneumonia significantly increased the rate of postoperative morbidity and mortality across several surgical settings and patient groups. It is our recommendation that elective surgery be delayed until after the pneumonia resolves.
Correction to: Does Surgery Without Lugol’s Solution Pretreatment for Graves’ Disease Increase Surgical Morbidity?
Authors: Mercier Frederic , Bonal Mathieu , Fanget Florian , Maillard Laure , Laplace Nathalie , Peix Jean‐Louis , Lifante Jean‐Christophe 
Published: February 2018

AbstractIn the original article, Mathieu Bonal’s last name was spelled incorrectly. It is correct as reflected here. The original article has also been updated.
Biochemical markers and neuropsychological functioning in distal urea cycle disorders
Authors: Waisbren Susan E. , Cuthbertson David , Burgard Peter , Holbert Amy , McCarter Robert , Cederbaum Stephen ,   Members of the Urea Cycle Disorders Consortium
Published: February 2018

AbstractUrea cycle disorders often present as devastating metabolic conditions, resulting in high mortality and significant neuropsychological damage, despite treatment. The Urea Cycle Disorders Longitudinal Study is a natural history study that collects data from regular clinical follow‐up and neuropsychological testing. This report examines links between biochemical markers (ammonia, glutamine, arginine, citrulline) and primary neuropsychological endpoints in three distal disorders, argininosuccinic acid synthetase deficiency (ASD or citrullinemia type I), argininosuccinic acid lyase deficiency (ASA or ALD), and arginase deficiency (ARGD). Laboratory results and test scores from neuropsychological evaluations were assessed in 145 study participants, ages 3 years and older, with ASD (n = 64), ASA (n = 65) and ARGD (n = 16). Mean full scale IQ was below the population mean of 100 ± 15 for all groups: (ASD = 79 ± 24; ASA = 71 ± 21; ARGD = 65 ± 19). The greatest deficits were noted in visual performance and motor skills for all groups. While ammonia levels remain prominent as prognostic biomarkers, other biomarkers may be equally valuable as correlates of neuropsychological functioning. Cumulative exposure to the biomarkers included in the study proved to be highly sensitive indicators of neuropsychological outcomes, even when below the cut‐off levels generally considered toxic. Blood levels of biomarkers obtained on the day of neuropsychological evaluations were not correlated with measures of functioning for any disorder in any domain. The importance of cumulative exposure supports early identification and confirms the need for well‐controlled management of all biochemical abnormalities (and not just ammonia) that occur in urea cycle disorders.
Microstructural Characterization of the Heat-Affected Zones in Grade 92 Steel Welds: Double-Pass and Multipass Welds
Authors: Xu X. , West G. D. , Siefert J. A. , Parker J. D. , Thomson R. C. 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
The microstructure in the heat-affected zone (HAZ) of multipass welds typical of those used in power plants and made from 9 wt pct chromium martensitic Grade 92 steel is complex. Therefore, there is a need for systematic microstructural investigations to define the different regions of the microstructure across the HAZ of Grade 92 steel welds manufactured using the traditional arc welding processes in order to understand possible failure mechanisms after long-term service. In this study, the microstructure in the HAZ of an as-fabricated two-pass bead-on-plate weld on a parent metal of Grade 92 steel has been systematically investigated and compared to a complex, multipass thick section weldment using an extensive range of electron and ion-microscopy-based techniques. A dilatometer has been used to apply controlled thermal cycles to simulate the microstructures in distinctly different regions in a multipass HAZ using sequential thermal cycles. A wide range of microstructural properties in the simulated materials were characterized and compared with the experimental observations from the weld HAZ. It has been found that the microstructure in the HAZ can be categorized by a combination of sequential thermal cycles experienced by the different zones within the complex weld metal, using the terminology developed for these regions based on a simpler, single-pass bead-on-plate weld, categorized as complete transformation, partial transformation, and overtempered.
Non‐orthodontic intervention and non‐nutritive sucking behaviours: A literature review
Authors: Tanny Liyana , Huang Boyen , Naung Noel Ye , Currie Geoffrey 
Published: February 2018

AbstractAnterior open bite (AOB) is one of the most complex malocclusions to manage. AOB is caused by either by skeletal, genetic or environmental factors. Numerous treatment options are currently utilised to manage AOB. These vary from non‐invasive behavioural shaping to orthodontic and surgical interventions. This paper reviews the available orthodontic and non‐orthodontic interventions used in the management of AOB. The literature review was carried out using the PubMed search engine from the first of January 2000 to the first of June 2017. Two major keywords (open bite and anterior open bite) were used in addition to 23 minor keywords in the review. AOB is one of the most complex malocclusions to treat with high relapse rates. Long term outcome in treatments of patients with AOB was substantially low. Relapse rates were not taken into consideration for some of the literature reviewed. Despite limitations of the literature, it is recommended that orofacial myofunctional therapy (OMT) and non‐orthodontic intervention (NOI) be used in conjunction as an effective treatment option for Anterior Open Bite.
Ultrasound‐Guided Percutaneous Needle Tenotomy for Chronic Tensor Fascia Lata Tendinopathy: A Case Series and Description of Sonographic Findings
Authors: Bradberry David M. , Sussman Walter I. , Mautner Kenneth R. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractProximal tensor fascia lata tendinopathy at its origin on the anterior superior iliac crest is one potential cause of lateral hip pain. However, there is limited literature regarding the mechanism, disease course, or management of this condition. There is growing evidence supporting the effective treatment of percutaneous needle tenotomy (PNT) for chronic tendinopathy. Only a single case series has examined the efficacy of PNT for tendinopathy about the hip and pelvis. Presented here are examples of 2 cases of chronic recalcitrant proximal ultrasound confirmed tensor fascia lata (tendinopathy effectively treated with ultrasound‐guided PNT.Level of EvidenceIV
Personal Ideals as Metaphors
Authors: RIGGLE NICK 
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACT:What is it to have and act on a personal ideal? Someone who aspires to be a philosopher might imaginatively think ‘I am a philosopher’ by way of motivating herself to think hard about a philosophical question. But doing so seems to require her to act on an inaccurate self-description, given that she is not yet what she regards herself as being. J. David Velleman develops the thought that action-by-ideal involves a kind of fictional self-conception. My aim is to expand our thinking about personal ideals by developing another way of understanding them. On this view action-by-ideal involves a kind of metaphorical self-conception. I investigate some salient differences between these views with the aim of understanding the different perspectives they take on the rationality of action-by-ideal. Where the fiction view runs into problems of literary coherence, the metaphor view exploits the richness of poetic invention. But action-by-ideal is a complex phenomenon about which there may be no tidy story to be told. This paper is an attempt to clarify and understand more of this messy terrain.