bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
OceanRAIN, a new in-situ shipboard global ocean surface-reference dataset of all water cycle components
Authors: Klepp Christian , Michel Simon , Protat Alain , Burdanowitz Jörg , Albern Nicole , Kähnert Marvin , Dahl Andrea , Louf Valentin , Bakan Stephan , Buehler Stefan A. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractOceanRAIN—the Ocean Rainfall And Ice-phase precipitation measurement Network—provides in-situ along-track shipboard data of precipitation, evaporation and the resulting freshwater flux at 1-min resolution over the global oceans from June 2010 to April 2017. More than 6.83 million minutes with 75 parameters from 8 ships cover all routinely measured atmospheric and oceanographic state variables along with those required to derive the turbulent heat fluxes. The precipitation parameter is based on measurements of the optical disdrometer ODM470 specifically designed for all-weather shipboard operations. The rain, snow and mixed-phase precipitation occurrence, intensity and accumulation are derived from particle size distributions. Additionally, microphysical parameters and radar-related parameters are provided. Addressing the need for high-quality in-situ precipitation data over the global oceans, OceanRAIN-1.0 is the first comprehensive along-track in-situ water cycle surface reference dataset for satellite product validation and retrieval calibration of the GPM (Global Precipitation Measurement) era, to improve the representation of precipitation and air-sea interactions in re-analyses and models, and to improve understanding of water cycle processes over the global oceans.
Influence of passive house technology on time and cost of construction investment
Authors: Apollo Magdalena , Miszewska-Urbańska Emilia 
Published: July 2018

Due to the changes in the energy standards for housing in Poland there are many concerns. Is the standard required by the regulation achievable and if it is, then at what cost?There are many solutions to construct a building in line with the requirements of passive house technology. They are differentiated by price and time required for implementation. This study is based on the solution proposed by one of Polish companies, offering technologically integrated products allowing, according to the producer, to build passive houses faster and easier. The goal of this study was to confront producer’s claim with reality by comparing time and cost of the same investment using conventional and passive house technology. The basis for time and cost analysis was a basic detached house design, partially modified with regards to materials and technology used.Conclusions of the study are based on the comparison of the two Gantt charts defined in Ms Project. Construction schedule was used to analyse the duration of both projects and the resources assignment was used in cost analysis.
Reliability, Validity, and Responsiveness of the Chinese Version of the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) in Patients with Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction in Mainland China
Authors: Zhang Qi-Hao , Du Shi-Xin , Zheng Gui-Zhou , Chang Bo , Xie Da , Lin Fei-Xiang , Xie Peng , Yu Guo-Yong , Hu Qin-Xiao , Liu De-Zhong , Li Xue-Dong 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to perform a cross-cultural adaption of the KOOS into Chinese and to evaluate its psychometric properties in patients with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACL reconstruction) in mainland China.
Design A cross-sectional study.
Setting Patients completed the Chinese version of the KOOS and the SF-36 questionnaire three times. We evaluated the reliability, checked the validity, and assessed the responsiveness.
Participants A total of 42 patients who had undergone ACL reconstruction.
Main Outcome Measures The results of the questionnaire survey.
Results The Chinese version of the KOOS was well accepted, with ideal test-retest reliability and internal consistency. The test-retest reliability was significant, with high ICC values ranging from 0.888 to 0.941. Additionally, we found that the internal consistency was adequate, with Cronbachʼs alpha coefficient ranging from 0.740 to 0.975. All a priori hypotheses were supported by a high correlation between the KOOS and SF-36. Furthermore, responsiveness was demonstrated since the ES and SRM between subscales following ACL reconstruction was found in the expected pattern.
Conclusions The Chinese version of the KOOS showed psychometric properties demonstrating acceptable reliability and validity similar to the original version. We conclude that the Chinese version is a reliable and valid instrument for research and clinical assessments of ACL reconstruction patients in mainland China.
Behandlung HPV-assoziierter analer Läsionen bei HIV-positiven Patienten – chirurgische Abtragung vs. topische Therapie mit Imiquimod
Authors: Websky Martin W. von , Wesselmann Paul C. , Schwarze-Zander Carolynne , Vilz Tim Oliver , Stoffels Burkhard , Boesecke Christoph , Rockstroh Jürgen , Kalff Jörg C. , Pantelis Dimitrios 
Published: July 2018

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Regelmäßige proktologische Untersuchungen sind bei HIV+-Patienten aufgrund häufiger anorektaler Erkrankungen erforderlich. Insbesondere HPV-assoziierte Läsionen wie Condylomata acuminata (C. ac.) und anale Dysplasien (AIN) werden sowohl mit operativen Verfahren als auch mit topischer Therapie behandelt.
Ziel der Arbeit Es sollte untersucht werden, ob sich chirurgische Abtragung und topische Therapie mit Imiquimod bez. Heilungsraten und Outcome bei HPV-assoziierten analen Läsionen unterscheiden und ob ein synergistischer Effekt vorliegt.
Material und Methoden Es wurden bei 97 HIV+-Patienten alle proktologischen Untersuchungen und Therapiemaßnahmen über einen Zeitraum von 10 Jahren (11/2004 – 11/2015) retrospektiv untersucht. Insbesondere wurden Diagnose und Therapie von HPV-assoziierten analen Läsionen mit klinischem Outcome nach chirurgischer Abtragung und topischer Therapie mit Imiquimod analysiert.
Ergebnisse Bei 53/97 (54%) HIV+-Patienten wurden HPV-assoziierte anale Läsionen festgestellt. Das mittlere Patientenalter betrug 41,0 ± 11,6 Jahre. Die HIV-Erkrankung war bei ca. der Hälfte der Patienten unter cART gut eingestellt (52 Patienten mit Viruslast < 40 Kopien [53,6%]). Im Verlauf wurden bei 7/53 Patienten mit C. ac. auch Low-Grade- und bei 18/53 Patienten High-Grade-AINs diagnostiziert. Eine vollständige Remission von C. ac. bzw. AIN nach einer Behandlung von 4 Wochen wurde als Erfolg gewertet. Die Erfolgsquote lag bei der Behandlung von C. ac. mit Imiquimod bei 5/25 (20,0%) vs. OP* 30/57 (52,6%, Mann-Whitney-U-Test p < 0,05) vs. OP+Imiquimod bei 7/15 (46,7%). Die Erfolgsquote lag bei der Behandlung von AIN mit Imiquimod bei 4/24 (16,7%) vs. OP* bei 47/83 (56,7%, Mann-Whitney-U-Test p < 0,05) vs. OP+Imiquimod bei 9/21 (42,8%). Es traten bei 7/92 Eingriffen chirurgische Komplikationen auf, davon 4 geringgradige und 2 signifikante Blutungen sowie eine Analvenenthrombose. Bei Imiquimod-Behandlung wurden lediglich einzelne Hautirritationen dokumentiert.
Diskussion Eine operative Erstbehandlung von HPV-assoziierten analen Läsionen bei HIV+-Patienten ist einer topischen Therapie mit Imiquimod im Kurzzeitverlauf überlegen. Ein synergistischer Effekt konnte nicht festgestellt werden. Aufgrund der vorliegenden Ergebnisse unserer Studie empfehlen wir die operative Abtragung der HPV-assoziierten Läsionen bei HIV+-Patienten.
Comparison of the Actions of Thrombin and the Thrombin-Like Venom Enzymes Ancrod and Batroxobin
Authors: Aronson D. L 
Published: July 2018

SummaryThrombin acts on several coagulant proteins to produce products with physiologic, pharmacologic and pathologic potential. The most sensitive thrombin substrate seems to be factor VIII. Some thrombin dependent reactions studied in vitro and proposed as control reactions seem too insensitive to the action of thrombin to be of in vivo significance.The only enzymic reaction the thrombin-like venom enzymes, Ancrod and Batroxobin, have in common with thrombin is the removal of fibrinopeptide A.
Molecular Size Distribution of Fibrinogen Derivatives Formed in Vitro and in Vivo: a Chromatographic Study
Authors: Donati M. B , Verhaeghe R , Culasso D. E , Vermylen J 
Published: July 2018

SummaryUsing gel chromatography, fibrinogen derivatives present in purified systems or in biological fluids were separated and partially characterized. Eight groups of fibrinogen derivatives could be separated by gel filtration through 6% agarose in large columns, four with an elution volume smaller and four groups with an elution volume larger than that of fibrinogen. Careful calibration of the column allowed estimation of the diffusion coefficients of some of the derivatives and, thus, comparison with derivatives previously identified. Three, rather than two, groups of intermediate derivatives were observed during the degradation of human fibrinogen by plasmin in vitro or in vivo. One of these had a marked tendency to polymerize.A rather distinct difference in elution pattern was found between plasma obtained during streptokinase administration and from patients with intravascular coagulation.
Fibrin Formation: The Role of the Fibrinogen-Fibrin Monomer Complex
Authors: Brass Eric P. , Forman Walter B. , Edwards Robert V. , Lindan Olgierd 
Published: July 2018

SummaryThe process of fibrin formation using highly purified fibrinogen and thrombin was studied using laser fluctuation spectroscopy, a method that rapidly determines particle size in a solution. Two periods in fibrin clot formation were noted: an induction period during which no fibrin polymerization occurred and a period of rapid increase in particle size. Direct measurement of fibrin monomer polymerization and fibrinopeptide release showed no evidence of an induction period. These observations were best explained by a kinetic model for fibrin clot formation incorporating a reversible fibrinogen-fibrin monomer complex. In this model, the complex serves as a buffer system during the earliest phase of fibrin formation. This prevents the accumulation of free polymerizable fibrin monomer until an appreciable amount of fibrinogen has reacted with thrombin, at which point the fibrin monomer level rises rapidly and polymerization proceeds. Clinically, the complex may be a homeostatic mechanism preventing pathological clotting during periods of elevated fibrinogen.
Family Studies of Patients with Reduced Ristocetin Aggregation and Abnormalities of Factor VIII and/or Platelet Function
Authors: Ekert H , Ananthakrishnan R , Muntz R. H , Dowling S , D’Souza S 
Published: July 2018

SummaryFactor VIII procoagulant activity (VIIIc), antigen (vWa), mobility of the antigen on two dimensional Immunoelectrophoresis and platelet function were studied in 9 families with reduced ristocetin induced platelet aggregation rate (RIPA) and/or deficiency of plasma factor(s) required for ristocetin aggregation of washed normal platelets (vWf). The families could be subdivided into 4 groups. Group I showed dominant inheritance and reduced levels of VIIIc and vWa characteristic of typical von Willebrand’s disease. All patients had reduced vWf and in 7 of 10 RIPA was reduced. Group II showed normal levels of VIIIc but reduced vWa. All showed reduced vWf but RIPA was reduced in one patient only. There was a good correlation between vWf and vWa and VIIIc in both groups. The bleeding time correlated with vWf in group I but not group II. Group III showed normal or nearly normal VIIIc and vWa but there was an increased mobility of vWa compared to normals and to groups I and II. RIPA was markedly reduced as was the vWf in one patient. Group IV is represented by one child with a strong family history of bleeding, who had reduced RIPA and defective platelet release reaction. The vWf in this child was normal and the ratio between VIIIc and vWa was similar to that seen in carriers of haemophilia. This spectrum of abnormalities of ristocetin aggregation justifies the use of the term ‘von Willebrand’s syndrome’.
Bleeding in Uremic Patients after Carbenicillin
Authors: Andrassy K , Weischedel E , Ritz E , Andrassy T 
Published: July 2018

SummaryHemorrhagic diathesis was observed in patients with renal insufficiency after carbenicillin at serum levels > 300 μg/ml. Normal coagulation factors (F. I, II, V, VII, VIII, X), normal PTT, normal platelet counts, negative ethanol gelation test (fibrin monomers) were found as well as a prolongation of thromboplastin time (Quick), thrombin time, reptilase time and thrombin coagulase time. Platelet function was disturbed. In addition, the plasmatic system was involved: inhibition of fibrinogen-fibrin conversion (Belitser assay) and enhanced antithrombin III activity; in vivo the latter was ascribed to a heparin-like activity. In vitro, abnormal fibrinogen-fibrin conversion and a modified electrophoretic mobility of antithrombin III was seen: however an enhanced antithrombin III activity in vitro was not found with carbenicillin and various penicillin derivatives.This study demonstrates that carbenicillin, in addition to its known effect on platelet function, also disturbs the plasmatic coagulation system. This additional effect of carbenicillin is clinically important since protamin chloride effectively blocks bleeding without interfering with antibacterial activity.Both penicillin and penicillin derivatives have been shown to interfere with hemostasis and to cause clinically manifest hemorrhagic diathesis (Fleming and Fish 1947, Lurie et al. 1970a, b, McClure et al. 1970, Yudis et al. 1972, Demos 1971, Waisbren et al. 1971). Carbenicillin interferes with ADP-, collagen- or thrombin-induced platelet aggregation and with the release reaction both in vivo (McClure et al. 1970, Cazenave et al. 1973) and in vitro (McClure et al. 1970, Cazenave et al. 1973). In addition Lurie and colleagues (1970b) concluded that an inhibition of the conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin is involved although no experimental details were given. Later Brown and colleagues (1974) concluded that carbenicillin at usual dose levels “only affects the platelet component of hemostasis and has little effect on fibrin formation or other phases of coagulation in patients with normal renal function”.
Some Observations on the Preparation of Platelet-Rich Plasma
Authors: Woods Brian P. , Dennehy Angela , Clarke Noel 
Published: July 2018

SummaryIn order to prepare platelet-rich plasma a constant height and volume of citrated whole blood was centrifuged at different gravity forces and times. The supernatant plasmas were examined for platelet concentrations, plasma volumes and optical densities. Results are described showing that gravity force and time have an important influence on the platelet numbers and the plasma volumes recovered.The light attenuation by different concentrations of platelets in plasma, using light path lengths of 5 mm and 10 mm, was compared. The shorter light path provides greater linearity between optical density and platelet numbers especially at higher concentrations.
Platelet Aggregation Following Defibrination with Ancrod
Authors: Lawrence Slade C , Abe Andes W , Mason Arthur D. 
Published: July 2018

Summary
In vitro platelet aggregation was studied in dogs following defibrination with Ancrod. There was marked inhibition of aggregation immediately after defibrination. A gradual return toward normal aggregation was observed over the 96 hours study period, but aggregation was still abnormal at 96 hours after defibrination. There was an inverse and highly significant correlation between aggregation and fibrin degradation product level. Fibrinogen was not measurable after defibrination for the entire study period. Aggregation was thus independent of fibrinogen concentration in this study.
Physico-Chemical Explanation of Blood Cell Adhesion in Thrombus Formation
Authors: Marmur A , Ruckenstein E , Rakower S. R 
Published: July 2018

SummaryA model is suggested which assumes that the rate of deposition of cells is determined both by hydrodynamic factors and by Brownian motion over the potential barrier caused by London and double-layer forces in the immediate vicinity of the deposition surface. The height of the barrier in the potential energy of interaction between blood cells and various surfaces is analyzed in relation to the physical properties of the cells, surfaces, and solutions. Based on this analysis, the adhesion of platelets to injured blood vessel walls and to non-biologic materials, the lack of adhesion of red blood cells under the same conditions, the mechanism of ADP induced aggregation and the interaction with blood flow are explained. The qualitative predictions of the model are substantiated by available experimental information. Quantitative results are presented in terms of a time constant, which typifies a period of contact with a surface, during which appreciable deposition occurs.
Effect of the Root Extract of Fagara Zanthoxyloides on Blood Coagulation
Authors: Essien E. M , Okogun J. I 
Published: July 2018

SummaryThe clot-promoting activity of the aqueous extract of Fagara zanthoxyloides Lam plant is described for the first time. It significantly shortened the PTT (K) of normal and factor VIII deficient plasma while it manifested no such action on factor IX-deficient plasma. This activity could be demonstrated in the residue of the lyophilized aqueous extract after its successive extraction with ether, chloroform and methanol. It could not be attributed to the purified fractions: Zanthoxylol or its modified form 3, 4-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-2H-1 benzopyran-6-butyric acid (DBA), hesperidin, Fagaramide or the ether soluble fraction of the aqueous extract.
Plasma Factor XIII and Platelet Factor XIII in Hyperlipaemia
Authors: Cucuianu Mircea P. , Miloszewski K , Porutiu D , Losowsky M. S 
Published: July 2018

SummaryPlasma factor XIII activity measured by a quantitative assay was found to be significantly higher in hypertriglyceridaemic patients (type IV and combined hyperlipoproteinaemia), as compared to normolipaemic controls. No such elevation in plasma factor XIII activity was found in patients with type IIa hyperlipaemia. Plasma pseudocholinesterase was found to parallel the elevated factor XIII activity in hypertriglyceridaemic subjects.In contrast, platelet factor XIII activity was not raised in hyperlipaemic subjects, and plasma factor XIII was found to be normal in a normolipaemic subject with throm-bocythaemia.It was concluded that there is no significant contribution from platelets to plasma factor XIII activity, and that the observed increase in plasma factor XII in hypertriglyceridaemia results from enhanced hepatic synthesis of the enzyme.
The Effect of the Fibrinogen Concentration and the Leukocyte Count on Intravascular Fibrin Deposition from Soluble Fibrin Monomer Complexes
Authors: Gurewich Victor , Lipinski Boguslaw , Hyde Elisabeth 
Published: July 2018

SummaryFibrin formation from fibrin monomer (FM) complexes was studied in experimental animals utilizing a previously described technique for quantitating fibrin deposition. A uniform thrombin infusion was used to produce FM, fibrinolysis being inhibited by EACA. In vivo complex formation between FM and 125I-fibrinogen was demonstrated chromatographically. A direct correlation was found between blood fibrinogen concentration and fibrin deposition in organs. By contrast, an inverse correlation between fibrinogen concentration and both enzymatic or non-enzymatic fibrin formation was found in vitro. The mechanism by which fibrinogen potentiates FM precipitation in vivo could not be explained by coprecipitation of fibrinogen in the complex which could not be demonstrated. The inhibitory effect of HN2 on fibrin deposition despite the associated hyperfibrinogemia induced by this drug is believed to underscore the importance of leukocytes in certain types of fibrin deposition. A correlation between the leukocyte count and fibrin formation from FM was also found. It was concluded that the risk of intravascular fibrin deposition is increased by a raised fibrinogen level especially when accompanied by leukocytosis.
Hirudin C-Terminal Fragments lnhibit Thrombin Induced Neutrophil Chemotaxis
Authors: Rowand Judith K , Marucha Philip , Berliner Lawrence J 
Published: July 2018

SummarySince native hirudin blocks the thrombin induced chemotaxis response of neutrophils, we examined whether hirudin C-terminal peptides were also capable of this inhibition. The studies showed that thrombin induced human neutrophil chemotaxis was effectively blocked by the C-terminal hirudin peptide analogs, Gly-Asp-Phe-Glu-Glu-Ile-Pro-Glu-Glu-Tyr-Leu-Gin (12-mer[54-65]) and Thr-Pro-Lys-Pro-Gln-Ser-His-Asn-Asp-Gly-Asp-Phe-Glu-Glu-Ile-Pro-Glu-Glu-Tyr-Leu-Gln (21-mer[45-65]). Furthermore, neither peptide had an effect on formyl-L-methionyl-L-leucyl-L-phenylalanine induced chemotaxis. The results suggest that binding of the hirudin C-terminal peptides block the thrombin chemotactic domain.
Hematological Causes of Venous Thrombosis in Young People: High Incidence of Myeloproliferative Disorder as Underlying Disease in Patients with Splanchnic Venous Thrombosis
Authors: Teofili Luciana , De Stefano Valerio , Leone Giuseppe , Micalizzi Paola , lovino Michela Stefania , Alfano Generoso , Bizzi Bruno 
Published: July 2018

SummaryThrombotic events occur frequently in myeloproliferative disorders, namely polycythaemia vera and essential throm-bocythaemia. Standard diagnostic criteria are designed quite stringent, so that a number of patients could be underdiagnosed. Spontaneous erythroid colonies formation from bone marrow or peripheral blood in the absence of exogenous erythropoietin is considered a reliable index of myeloproliferative disorder even at early stages. Endogenous erythroid colonies (EECs) formation was assessed in 43 patients having recently suffered from venous thrombosis prior to 45 years and without a previous diagnosis of hematological disease favouring thrombosis. A screening for coagulative abnormalities associated with thrombophilia was also carried out: in 5 patients (11.6%) a plasmatic thrombogenic defect was found (quantitative deficiency of antithrombin III, 1 case, protein C, 2 cases, protein S, 1 case, and plasminogen, 1 case). In 10 patients (2 males and 8 females) (23.2%) EECs assay was positive, allowing diagnosis of myeloproliferative disease even though 7 of them did not fulfill standard diagnostic criteria. In the other 3 patients who met the criteria for diagnosis of overt myeloproliferative disease the thrombotic event was the inaugural manifestation. In all these EECs-positive patients thrombosis involved mesenteric and portal veins (n = 4), hepatic veins (n = 3), portal vein (n = 2), mesenteric vein (n = 1). One of them was simultaneously affected from congenital protein C deficiency. Thus latent or atypical forms of myeloproliferative disease as well as the overt stages were the most frequent recognized cause of splanchnic venous thrombosis, accounting for 55% of the cases of our series. On the contrary no EECs-positive subject was found among the 25 patients with other sites of thrombosis. It is concluded that a myeloproliferative disorder should be carefully considered in young patients with splanchnic venous thrombosis and a thorough investigation should include evaluation of EECs.