bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integrative care of the patient with head and neck cancer
Authors: Nguyen Chau T. , Taw Malcolm B. , Wang Marilene B. 
Published: October 2018

ObjectiveTo review the literature on integrative care of the patient with head and neck cancer.MethodsA review of the English language literature for articles relating to integrative care of patients with head and neck cancer, focusing on treatment of sequelae of surgery and chemoradiation.ResultsMany studies show a significant utilization of nontraditional (complementary/integrative) treatments by patients in dealing with head and neck cancer. Treatment of head and neck cancer entails potentially debilitating consequences of surgery and/or chemoradiation on cosmesis, speech, swallowing, breathing, and quality of life. While complementary/integrative treatments for head and neck cancer are not established as effective therapies, their use for relieving sequelae of treatment, improving quality of life, and providing potential chemoprevention is well documented.ConclusionGiven the landscape of increasing use of nontraditional methodologies by patients with head and neck cancer and the complexity of care, the head and neck cancer surgeon should be aware of the uses and abuses of complementary/integrative medicine by patients as they navigate their care.Level of Evidence5
Integrative LHS for precision medicine research: A shared NIH and Taiwan CIMS experience
Authors: Yang Ueng‐Cheng , Hsiao Tzu‐Hung , Lin Ching‐Heng , Lee Wei‐Ju , Lee Yu‐Shan , Fann Yang C. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractIntroductionPrecision medicine is an important milestone toward the attainment of personalized medicine. A learning health system (LHS) may facilitate the evidence collection and knowledge generation process for disease‐based research and for the diagnosis, classification, or treatment of each disease subtype to improve patient care.MethodsThe LHS design and implementation used by Taichung Veterans General Hospital (TCVGH) in Taiwan for their newly funded precision medicine research, a dementia registry study, was modeled from an LHS developed at the National Institutes of Health in the United States. This Clinical Informatics and Management System (CIMS), including its subsystems, facilitates and enhances operations associated with the institutional review board, clinical research data collection and study management, the hospital biobank, and the participating health research centers to support their precision medicine research aimed at improving patient care.ResultsThe implementation of a shared‐design, full‐cycle LHS with an enhanced CIMS, combined with hospital‐based real‐world data marts, has made the TCVGH dementia registry study a reality. The research data, including clinical assessment and genomics analysis information collected in CIMS, combined with data marts, are the foundation of the TCVGH dementia registry for outcome analyses. These high‐quality datasets are useful for clinical validation, new hypotheses, and knowledge generation, leading to new clinical recommendations or guidelines for better patient treatment and care. The cyclic data flow supports the full‐cycle LHS for TCVGH's dementia research to improve the care of elderly patients.ConclusionsKnowledge generation requires high‐quality research and health care datasets. While the details of LHS implementation methods in the United States and Taiwan may differ slightly, the LHS concept design and basic system architecture, with improved CIMSs, were proven feasible. As a result, learning health processes in support of translational research and the potential for improvement in patient care were significantly facilitated.
Strategic consequences of being unsympathetic: For‐profit companies benefit more than individuals from focusing on responsibility
Authors: Rai Tage S. , Diermeier Daniel 
Published: October 2018

AbstractPrevious research has found that consumers ascribe mental states to for‐profit companies that enable them to elicit anger more easily than sympathy. The current study applies these findings to demonstrate how this evaluative asymmetry in consumer perceptions favor different strategies for individuals and companies managing conflicts and crises. First, it is shown that the mental states consumers ascribe to for‐profit companies enable them to elicit anger and admiration more easily than sympathy. Second, due to their ability to elicit anger more easily than sympathy, it is found that in conflicts between for‐profit companies and individuals, companies are evaluated more favorably when they focus attention on which side perpetrated the most harm, while individuals are evaluated more favorably when they focus on which side was most victimized. Third, due to their ability to elicit admiration more easily than sympathy, it is found that for‐profit companies derive greater benefits than individuals do from proactively taking responsibility to resolve crises rather than deflecting responsibility through claims of victimhood. Discussion focuses on marketing applications for companies managing conflicts and crises.
A novel unidirectional multi‐dipole broadband antenna element
Authors: Chen Yanzheng , Lin Wenbin , Ma Cunliang , Liao Cheng 
Published: October 2018

AbstractA novel wideband unidirectional multi‐dipole antenna is proposed, which has an enhanced impedance bandwidth of about 68.1% for VSWR < 1.5 and a gain > 8 dBi, covering the frequency region from 1.54 to 3.13 GHz. A stable radiation pattern is obtained and the 3 dB beamwidth is 62 ± 4° at E‐plane and 63 ± 4° at H‐plane over the bandwidth. This model has been manufactured, and the experimental results are in good accordance with the simulated ones.
Investigation of the influence of macromolecules and spline baseline in the fitting model of human brain spectra at 9.4T
Authors: Giapitzakis Ioannis‐Angelos , Borbath Tamas , Murali‐Manohar Saipavitra , Avdievich Nikolai , Henning Anke 
Published: October 2018

PurposeIn this study, the influence of experimentally measured macromolecules and spline baseline on the quantification results of proton MRS data was investigated.MethodsProton MRS spectra from the left parietal lobe and the occipital lobe were acquired at 9.4T in the human brain using metabolite‐cycled semi‐LASER. Then, the left parietal lobe data, along with the occipital lobe, spectra were quantified and the influence of the inclusion of experimentally measured macromolecular basis sets in the fitting model was evaluated. Furthermore, the effect of the stiffness of the fitted spline baselines on the resulting metabolite concentrations was evaluated.ResultsIn general, concentrations were higher for metabolites in occipital lobe than the left parietal lobe. The inclusion of an experimentally acquired measured macromolecular basis set from another brain region neither affected the quantification results nor the resulting spline baselines significantly. A highly flexible spline baseline led to overestimation or underestimation of metabolite concentrations. Differences of above 15% in the quantification of metabolite levels for both lobes were observed for several metabolites using LCModel default settings for spline baselines and macromolecules in comparison to stiffer spline baselines.ConclusionFitting with the default LCModel macromolecular basis set and spline baseline model had significant influence in the resulting spline baselines, leading to large deviations both in the concentrations and fitted macromolecular components. The number of knots in the spline may create overflexible baselines, which can potentially lead to quantification errors. Interestingly, the interchange of macromolecular basis set between occipital lobe and left parietal lobe spectra had less influence on the quantification results compared to the default LCModel settings.
Trajectory optimized NUFFT: Faster non‐Cartesian MRI reconstruction through prior knowledge and parallel architectures
Authors: Smith David S. , Sengupta Saikat , Smith Seth A. , Brian Welch E. 
Published: October 2018

PurposeThe non‐uniform fast Fourier transform (NUFFT) involves interpolation of non‐uniformly sampled Fourier data onto a Cartesian grid, an interpolation that is slowed by complex, non‐local data access patterns. A faster NUFFT would increase the clinical relevance of the plethora of advanced non‐Cartesian acquisition methods.MethodsHere we customize the NUFFT procedure for a radial trajectory and GPU architecture to eliminate the bottlenecks encountered when allowing for arbitrary trajectories and hardware. We call the result TRON, for TRajectory Optimized NUFFT. We benchmark the speed and accuracy TRON on a Shepp‐Logan phantom and on whole‐body continuous golden‐angle radial MRI.ResultsTRON was 6–30× faster than the closest competitor, depending on test data set, and was the most accurate code tested.ConclusionsSpecialization of the NUFFT algorithm for a particular trajectory yielded significant speed gains. TRON can be easily extended to other trajectories, such as spiral and PROPELLER. TRON can be downloaded at http://github.com/davidssmith/TRON.
Metabolic profiling of listeria rhombencephalitis in small ruminants by 1H high‐resolution magic angle spinning NMR spectroscopy
Authors: Precht Christina , Diserens Gaëlle , Vermathen Martina , Oevermann Anna , Lauper Josiane , Vermathen Peter 
Published: October 2018

Listeria rhombencephalitis is caused by infection with Listeria monocytogenes and is associated with a high mortality rate in humans and ruminants. Little is known about the metabolic changes associated with neurolisteriosis in particular and infectious central nervous system (CNS) diseases in general. The purpose of our study was to investigate the metabolic changes associated with listeria rhombencephalitis in small ruminants (goats and sheep) as a model for inflammatory CNS disease by 1H high‐resolution magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (1H HR‐MAS NMR) spectroscopy of brain biopsies obtained from the brainstem and thalamus. Statistical analysis revealed distinct differences in the metabolic profile of brainstem biopsies, the primary location of listeria rhombencephalitis with moderate or severe inflammatory changes. N‐Acetylaspartate (NAA), N‐acetylaspartylglutamate, choline, myo‐inositol and scyllo‐inositol were decreased, and glycine, phosphocholine, taurine and lactate were increased, in the diseased group (n = 13) in comparison with the control group (n = 12). In the thalamus, which showed no or only mild inflammatory changes in the majority of animals, no statistically significant metabolic changes were observed. However, trends for metabolic alterations were partly the same as those found in the brainstem, including NAA, choline and lactate. This may be an indicator of metabolic changes occurring in the early stages of the disease. Therefore, further research with a larger number of animals is needed to evaluate the presence of subtle metabolic changes associated with mild inflammatory changes in the thalamus. In conclusion, 1H HR‐MAS NMR investigation of listeria rhombencephalitis identified brain metabolite changes, offering new insights into the disease pathophysiology.
Cross‐linked waterborne alkyd hybrid resin coatings modified by fluorinated acrylate‐siloxane with high waterproof and anticorrosive performance
Authors: Zhong Shenjie , Li Jiawei , Yi Lingmin , Cai Ying , Zhou Wenlong 
Published: October 2018

Waterborne alkyd resin coatings are ideal for use as corrosion protection coatings because of its high cost‐effective and environmental advantages. However, their uses are restricted to general applications due to their poor acid, water, and alkali resistance. In this work, waterborne alkyd hybrid resins modified with fluorinated acrylate‐siloxane were synthesized via a surfactant‐free miniemulsion polymerization process using maleic anhydride and silicon modified alkyd resin, dodecafluoroheptyl methacrylate, methyl methacrylate, and butyl acrylate as monomers. And then, crosslinking alkyd resin films were prepared at room temperature using trimethylolpropane‐tris‐(β‐N‐azir‐idinyl) propionate (XR‐100) as the crosslinking agent. The acquired films had lower water absorption and higher water contact angles and had better mechanical/thermal properties, as well as good waterproof property. Most importantly, the electrochemical corrosion studies revealed that the cross‐linked coating exhibited superior corrosion resistance performance with an inhibition efficiency of 99.95% and a corrosion rate of 6.95 × 10−3 mm per year.
Extending compound identification for molecular network using the LipidXplorer database independent method: A proof of concept using glycoalkaloids from Solanum pseudoquina A. St.‐Hil.
Authors: Soares Vitor , Taujale Rahil , Garrett Rafael , da Silva Antonio Jorge R. , Borges Ricardo M. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractIntroductionMolecular networks are now established as the method of choice for tandem mass spectrometry dereplication and similarity‐based structure elucidation. Node identification can be used to start the propagation of the structure elucidation of unknown compounds progressively.ObjectiveTo demonstrate the capabilities of using the LipidXplorer data results along with molecular networking to identify nodes and aid sequential structure elucidation of unknown compounds.Material and MethodsMolecular fragmentation query language (MFQL) files were written to identify glycoalkaloids based on known structures described for Solanum species. A dataset generated from liquid chromatography‐high resolution mass spectrometry (LC‐HRMS) analysis of Solanum pseudoquina sample were submitted to dereplication on both LipidXplorer software and Global Natural Products Social Molecular Network (GNPS) online system. The resulting attribute table from GNPS calculations was merged with the LipidXplorer results and this merged file was used for network visualisation in Cytoscape. Nodes in the molecular network were labelled using the LipidXplorer identifiers, thus assisting the structure elucidation of unidentified compounds.ResultsThe combination of the LipidXplorer glycoalkaloids list and GNPS analysis was used in Cytoscape to label nodes in the molecular network. The analysis of the network using these labelled starting points triggered the structure elucidation of closely related nodes leading to the identification of 30 compounds using the LipidXplorer output and four purified and structure elucidated compounds, including a new glycoalkaloids identified as 3‐O‐(β‐d‐xylopyranosyl)‐(20R,25S)‐22,26‐epimino‐16‐acetyl‐cholesta‐5,22(N)‐diene.ConclusionA significant compound identification completely based on molecular formula and fragmentation queries was achieved. This new and effective approach could help researches to expand the identification rate of compounds in dereplication studies using molecular networks.
Hair cortisol levels and symptoms of anxiety and depression in Chinese adolescents: Comparison between incarcerated and community populations
Authors: Xu Youyun , Li Jifeng , Xie Qiaozhen , Deng Huihua 
Published: October 2018

AbstractHair cortisol has been proposed as a temporally integrated measure of systemic cortisol suitable for studies of chronic stress. We compared hair cortisol and depressive and anxiety symptoms between two groups of healthy male adolescents differing in exposure to chronic stress, one attending regular high school (n = 33) and the other incarcerated for 11–867 days in juvenile detention (n = 29), and examined the association of hair cortisol and depressive and anxiety symptoms among all adolescents. Hair cortisol was determined by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry, and depressive and anxiety symptoms were measured by the Self‐Rating Depression and Anxiety Scales. Hair samples (1‐cm segments closest to the scalp at the posterior vertex) were collected 2 weeks after psychometric testing. Results revealed that incarcerated adolescents showed significantly more anxiety and depression symptoms, and higher hair cortisol levels than high school adolescents (ps < .05). The regression results revealed that hair cortisol levels could negatively predict depression symptoms (p < .05) but could not predict anxiety symptoms (p > .05) among all adolescents from the two groups. In summary, incarcerated adolescents experienced significantly higher chronic stress than high school adolescents. Hair cortisol showed a negative association with depression symptoms and no association with anxiety symptoms among adolescents with different exposures to chronic stress.
Short‐term relocation versus long‐term migration: Implications for economic growth and human capital change
Authors: Newbold K. Bruce 
Published: October 2018

AbstractDriven by the growth of Canada's resource sector, interprovincial employees (IPEs), or individuals who work in one province and reside in another, have emerged as the main source for interprovincial worker mobility within Canada, with their numbers far exceeding the number of interprovincial migrants (individuals who permanently relocate from one province to another) on a yearly basis. As such, IPEs represent a significant number of workers and play an increasingly important role in the Canadian labour market, enabling individuals to respond to skill shortages and job opportunities over both the short and long term. This paper contrasts these two groups using a number of measures commonly used to characterise interprovincial migration. Results reveal that although the two groups are broadly similar, there are also subtle differences between the two groups, including differences in the age migration schedule and other sociodemographic characteristics of IPEs.
A Bayesian approach to sequential monitoring of nonlinear profiles using wavelets
Authors: Varbanov Roumen , Chicken Eric , Linero Antonio , Yang Yun 
Published: October 2018

AbstractWe consider change‐point detection and estimation in sequences of functional observations. This setting often arises when the quality of a process is characterized by such observations, called profiles, and monitoring profiles for changes in structure can be used to ensure the stability of the process over time. While interest in phase II profile monitoring has grown, few methods approach the problem from a Bayesian perspective. We propose a wavelet‐based Bayesian methodology that bases inference on the posterior distribution of the change point without placing restrictive assumptions on the form of profiles. By obtaining an analytic form of this posterior distribution, we allow the proposed method to run online without using Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) approximation. Wavelets, an effective tool for estimating nonlinear signals from noise‐contaminated observations, enable us to flexibly distinguish between sustained changes in profiles and the inherent variability of the process. We analyze observed profiles in the wavelet domain and consider two possible prior distributions for coefficients corresponding to the unknown change in the sequence. These priors, previously applied in the nonparametric regression setting, yield tuning‐free choices of hyperparameters. We present additional considerations for controlling computational complexity over time and their effects on performance. The proposed method significantly outperforms a relevant frequentist competitor on simulated data.
The influence of hydrolysis and derivatization on the determination of amino acid content and isotopic ratios in dual‐labeled (13C, 15N) white clover
Authors: Enggrob Kirsten Lønne , Larsen Thomas , Larsen Mogens , Elsgaard Lars , Rasmussen Jim 
Published: October 2018

RationaleThe cycling of peptide‐ and protein‐bound amino acids (AAs) is important for studying the rate‐limiting steps in soil nitrogen (N) turnover. A strong tool is stable C and N isotopes used in combination with compound‐specific isotope analysis (CSIA), where a prerequisite for analysis is appropriate methods for peptide and protein hydrolysis and appropriate methods for derivatization of AAs for analysis by gas chromatography (GC).MethodsWe examined the efficiency of a standard acidic hydrolysis (6 M HCl, 20 h at 110°C) and a fast acidic hydrolysis (6 M HCl, 70 min at 150°C) on the recovery of AAs from a protein standard (bovine serum albumin). The best methods were used on dual‐labeled (13C and 15N) clover shoot and root juice, divided into four molecular weight (Mw) size fractions. We used NAIP (N‐acetyl isopropyl esterification) derivatization for GC/combustion‐isotope ratio mass spectrometry (C‐IRMS) analysis of AA standards.ResultsThe NAIP derivatization gave very low limits of detection (LODs) (< 2 pmol) and limits of quantification (LOQs) ranging from 0.55 to 4.89 pmol. Comparing the concentrations of individual AAs in hydrolyzed versus unhydrolyzed clover juice samples of the low Mw size fraction (<1 kDa) showed a significant decline in concentration (p <0.03) for seven AAs after hydrolysis. Despite the decline in AA concentration, we found a linear connection between the obtained atomic fraction (13C/total carbon and 15N/total nitrogen) for individual AAs of hydrolyzed versus unhydrolyzed samples.ConclusionsThe methodology distinguished differences in atomic fractions across AAs, in individual AAs in Mw size fractions, and between shoot and root samples of experimentally labeled white clover. Specifically, the method separated L‐glutamate (Glu) and glutamine (Gln). Thus, for a broader use in plant and soil ecology, we present an optimized methodology for GC/C‐IRMS analysis of AAs from organic nitrogen samples enriched with 13C and 15N – AA stable isotope probing (SIP).
Discrete‐time higher‐order sliding mode control of systems with unmatched uncertainty
Authors: Sharma Nalin Kumar , Janardhanan Shivaramakrishnan 
Published: October 2018

SummaryThe research on discrete‐time higher‐order sliding mode has received a considerable attention recently. Systems with unmatched uncertainties are common in practice; however, the existing discrete‐time higher‐order sliding mode control algorithms are designed considering only matched uncertainty. This paper proposes a technique to design discrete‐time higher‐order sliding mode control for an uncertain LTI system in the presence of unmatched uncertainty. The proposed technique is numerically simulated and experimentally validated on an electromechanical rectilinear plant. Various experiments are conducted considering the several operational conditions of electromechanical systems in industries to verify the performance of the proposed controller.
Adaptive asymptotic stabilization of a class of unknown nonlinear systems with specified convergence rate
Authors: Zhang Jin‐Xi , Yang Guang‐Hong 
Published: October 2018

SummaryThis paper focuses on the asymptotic stabilization problem for a class of multivariable nonlinear systems with relative degree one, practical examples of which incorporate the liquid level control of water tanks, and the speed control of interconnected carts. The presence of the unknown (other than uncertain) additive and multiplicative nonlinearities renders asymptotic stability difficult to be achieved by the existing robust control methods. To conquer this obstacle, a novel adaptive control strategy is proposed. In the control design, the state constraint technique is newly introduced to the adaptive design to generate a proper control gain to compensate for unknown nonlinearities, instead of the use of extra approximating structures. By this means, both the prescribed transient performance regarding the convergence rate and the expected asymptotic stability are preserved. Finally, simulation results are given to illustrate the established theoretical findings.