bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Machine learning-driven discovery of novel therapeutic targets in diabetic foot ulcers
Authors: Yu Xin , Wu Zhuo , Zhang Nan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
To utilize machine learning for identifying treatment response genes in diabetic foot ulcers (DFU).

Methods
Transcriptome data from patients with DFU were collected and subjected to comprehensive analysis. Initially, differential expression analysis was conducted to identify genes with significant changes in expression levels between DFU patients and healthy controls. Following this, enrichment analyses were performed to uncover biological pathways and processes associated with these differentially expressed genes. Machine learning algorithms, including feature selection and classification techniques, were then applied to the data to pinpoint key genes that play crucial roles in the pathogenesis of DFU. An independent transcriptome dataset was used to validate the key genes identified in our study. Further analysis of single-cell datasets was conducted to investigate changes in key genes at the single-cell level.

Results
Through this integrated approach, SCUBE1 and RNF103-CHMP3 were identified as key genes significantly associated with DFU. SCUBE1 was found to be involved in immune regulation, playing a role in the body’s response to inflammation and infection, which are common in DFU. RNF103-CHMP3 was linked to extracellular interactions, suggesting its involvement in cellular communication and tissue repair mechanisms essential for wound healing. The reliability of our analysis results was confirmed in the independent transcriptome dataset. Additionally, the expression of SCUBE1 and RNF103-CHMP3 was examined in single-cell transcriptome data, showing that these genes were significantly downregulated in the cured DFU patient group, particularly in NK cells and macrophages.

Conclusion
The identification of SCUBE1 and RNF103-CHMP3 as potential biomarkers for DFU marks a significant step forward in understanding the molecular basis of the disease. These genes offer new directions for both diagnosis and treatment, with the potential for developing targeted therapies that could enhance patient outcomes. This study underscores the value of integrating computational methods with biological data to uncover novel insights into complex diseases like DFU. Future research should focus on validating these findings in larger cohorts and exploring the therapeutic potential of targeting SCUBE1 and RNF103-CHMP3 in clinical settings.
The use of bedside case-based learning in the clinical practice of midwifery education in China
Authors: Zhang Yao , Xu Xinfen , Wang Fang , Tu Lewei , Deng Qinqi , Xu Mengyan , He Guijuan , Johnston Linda 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Aim
This study aimed to investigate the impact of bedside case-based learning on critical thinking and capacity for self-directed learning in a group of midwifery students in China.

Background
Bedside teaching is a well-established educational tool to improve the clinical practice of medical, nursing, and midwifery students. A new pedagogical approach; bedside case-based learning (BCBL) is an interactive teaching approach involving small-group, student-educator discussion to describe the etiology and management of a patient case. This new approach has been gradually integrated into Chinese midwifery education programs to promote clinical problem-solving skills, knowledge application, teamwork, and collaboration.

Design
A quasi-experimental pre-test-post-test group design.

Methods
This study used a quasi-experimental pre-test-post-test group design. A convenience sample of 67 third-year students majoring in midwifery at the university were prospectively enrolled in this study. Pre- and post-BCBL class surveys were conducted using the Self-Rating Scale of Self-Directed Learning (SRSSDL) and the Critical Thinking Disposition Inventory-Chinese Version (CTDI-CV) to assess changes in self-learning and critical thinking abilities before and after the intervention.

Results
Following bedside case-based learning, the total scores for self-directed learning capacity and critical thinking increased, although there were no statistically significant differences (P > 0.05).

Conclusions
Although there were no statistically significant differences between pre- and post-test results, students’ self-assessed scores in self-directed learning and critical thinking improved between pre- and post-test.
Septic shock in the prehospital setting: a scoping review
Authors: Pinto-Villalba Ricardo Sebastian , Balseca-Arellano Daniela , Leon-Rojas Jose E. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractSeptic shock (SS) is a potential life-threatening condition in which an early identification and immediate therapy stand out as the main cornerstones to improve survival chance; in this context, emergency medical services (EMS) become key to reduce the time between diagnosis and management in the ICU or emergency department. However, guidelines for the prehospital management of SS patients remains unclear, and literature around this topic is scant. Our scoping review was conducted following the PICO framework and a search strategy related to septic shock management and diagnosis in prehospital settings was executed in PubMed, Scopus and Virtual Health Library; articles in English and Spanish from 2015, onwards, were screened by the authors and selected by mutual consensus. Our aim is to analyze the prehospital management strategies of SS reported in the literature, and to showcase and summarize the screening tools, demographic factors, clinical manifestations and prognostic factors of SS in the prehospital setting.
Hypothermic cardiac arrest: prognostic factors for successful resuscitation before rewarming
Authors: Podsiadło Paweł , Mendrala Konrad , Hymczak Hubert , Nowak Ewelina , Witt-Majchrzak Anna , Dąbrowski Wojciech , Miazgowski Bartosz , Dudek Michał , Darocha Tomasz 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Objective
To indicate factors predicting return of spontaneous circulation in patients with hypothermic cardiac arrest in the pre-rewarming period.

Methods
A multicenter retrospective study was conducted. We included patients who had suffered cardiac arrest caused by severe accidental hypothermia with a core body temperature of ≤ 28 °C. Patients who had achieved return of spontaneous circulation before commencement of active rewarming at the hospital were compared to those who remained in cardiac arrest.

Results
A total of 156 patients suffering hypothermic cardiac arrest were included in the study. In 14 of them (9%) resuscitation was successful before rewarming. Factors associated with return of spontaneous circulation were as follows: witnessed onset of cardiac arrest (p = 0.04); a higher core body temperature (p = 0.005) with a prognostic threshold of 24.6 °C; and a higher arterial oxygen partial pressure (p = 0.04) with a prognostic threshold of 81 mmHg. One patient after successful resuscitation sustained recurrence of cardiac arrest during rewarming.

Conclusions
Patients with core body temperature < 25 °C, hypoxemia, and those who sustained unwitnessed hypothermic cardiac arrest have weak chances for successful resuscitation before rewarming. They can benefit from immediate transportation to an extracorporeal life support facility under continuous cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Effective rewarming and oxygenation during the prehospital period can increase the chances for return of spontaneous circulation. Recurrence of cardiac arrest during rewarming is uncommon.
A genome-wide association study in Swedish colorectal cancer patients with gastric- and prostate cancer in relatives
Authors: Samola Winnberg Johanna , Vermani Litika , Liu Wen , Soller Veronika , Thutkawkorapin Jessada , Lindblad Mats , Lindblom Annika 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
A complex inheritance has been suggested in families with colorectal-, gastric- and prostate cancer. Therefore, we conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) in colorectal cancer patients, who’s relatives had prostate-, and/or gastric cancer.

Methods
The GWAS analysis consisted of 685 cases of colorectal cancer and 4780 healthy controls from Sweden. A sliding window haplotype analysis was conducted using a logistic regression model. Thereafter, we performed sequencing to find candidate variants, finally to be tested in a nested case–control study.

Results
Candidate loci/genes on ten chromosomal regions were suggested with odds ratios between 1.71–3.62 and p-values < 5 × 10–8 in the analysis. The regions suggested were 1q32.2, 3q29, 4q35.1, 4p15.31, 4q26, 8p23.1, 13q33.3, 13q13.3, 16q23.3 and 22q11.21. All regions, except one on 1q32.2, had protein coding genes, many already shown to be involved in cancer, such as ZDHHC19, SYNPO2, PCYT1A, MYO16, TXNRD2, COMT, and CDH13. Sequencing of DNA from 122 colorectal cancer patients with gastric- and/or prostate cancer in their families was performed to search for candidate variants in the haplotype regions. The identified candidate variants were tested in a nested case–control study of similar colorectal cancer cases and controls. There was some support for an increased risk of colorectal-, gastric-, and/or prostate cancer in all the six loci tested.

Conclusions
This study demonstrated a proof of principle strategy to identify risk variants found by GWAS, and identified ten candidate loci that could be associated with colorectal, gastric- and prostate cancer.

Graphical Abstract
Metformin plus lifestyle interventions versus lifestyle interventions alone for the delay or prevention of type 2 diabetes in individuals with prediabetes: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Amer Basma Ehab , Abdelgalil Mahmoud Shaaban , Hamad Abdullah Ashraf , Abdelsayed Kerollos , Elaraby Ahmed , Abozaid Ahmed Mohamed , Abd-ElGawad Mohamed 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Objectives
We conducted this meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to compare the efficacy of adding metformin to lifestyle interventions versus lifestyle interventions alone in individuals with prediabetes.

Materials and methods
We searched four databases from inception until March 20, 2024. Our primary outcomes included the incidence of type 2 diabetes, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), and fasting plasma glucose (FPG). Secondary outcomes included blood pressure, plasma lipids, and weight measurements. Dichotomous outcomes were pooled as the risk ratio (RR) and its 95% confidence interval (CI), while continuous outcomes were pooled as the standardized mean difference (SMD) and its 95% CI in the random effect model. All statistical analyses were conducted using the “meta” package of RStudio software.

Results
We included 12 RCTs, comprising 2720 patients. Adding metformin to lifestyle interventions significantly reduced HbA1c levels (SMD = -0.10, 95% CI [-0.19, -0.01], P = 0.03) and the incidence of type 2 diabetes (RR = 0.85, 95% CI [0.75, 0.97], P = 0.01). Interestingly, adding metformin to lifestyle interventions was comparable to lifestyle interventions alone in terms of FPG at both 3 and 6 months; however, it significantly reduced FPG at 12 months (SMD = -0.34, 95% CI [-0.59, -0.08], P = 0.01). There were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of all secondary outcomes.

Conclusions
Our findings suggest that adding metformin to lifestyle interventions may improve glycemic control in individuals with prediabetes and reduce their risk of progression to diabetes, compared to lifestyle interventions alone. A longer duration of this combined approach may be required to observe the desired effects.
Immortalized mammosphere-derived epithelial cells retain a bioactive secretome with antimicrobial, regenerative, and immunomodulatory properties
Authors: Danev Nikola , Poggi Julia M. , Dewever Emilie A. , Bartlett Arianna P. , Oliveira Leane , Huntimer Lucas , Harman Rebecca M. , Van de Walle Gerlinde R. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
The secretome of primary bovine mammosphere-derived epithelial cells (MDECs) has been shown to exert antimicrobial, regenerative, and immunomodulatory properties in vitro, which warrants its study as a potential biologic treatment with the potential to be translated to human medicine. Currently, the use of the MDEC secretome as a therapy is constrained by the limited life span of primary cell cultures and the decrease of secretome potency over cell passages.

Methods
To address these limitations, early-passage bovine MDECs were immortalized using hTERT, a human telomerase reverse transcriptase. The primary and immortal MDECs were compared morphologically, transcriptomically, and phenotypically. The functional properties and proteomic profiles of the secretome of both cell lines were evaluated and compared. All experiments were performed with both low and high passage cell cultures.

Results
We confirmed through in vitro experiments that the secretome of immortalized MDECs, unlike that of primary cells, maintained antimicrobial and pro-migratory properties over passages, while pro-angiogenic effects of the secretome from both primary and immortalized MDECs were lost when the cells reached high passage. The secretome from primary and immortalized MDECs, at low and high passages exerted immunomodulatory effects on neutrophils in vitro.

Conclusions
High passage immortalized MDECs retain a bioactive secretome with antimicrobial, regenerative, and immunomodulatory properties, suggesting they may serve as a consistent cell source for therapeutic use.
Enrichment of trimethyl histone 3 lysine 4 in the Dlk1 and Grb10 genes affects pregnancy outcomes due to dietary manipulation of excess folic acid and low vitamin B12
Authors: Sapehia Divika , Mahajan Aatish , Singh Parampal , Kaur Jyotdeep 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe aberrant expression of placental imprinted genes due to epigenetic alterations during pregnancy can impact fetal development. We investigated the impact of dietary modification of low vitamin B12 with varying doses of folic acid on the epigenetic control of imprinted genes and fetal development using a transgenerational model of C57BL/6J mice. The animals were kept on four distinct dietary combinations based on low vitamin B12 levels and modulated folic acid, mated in the F0 generation within each group. In the F1 generation, each group of mice is split into two subgroups; the sustained group was kept on the same diet, while the transient group was fed a regular control diet. After mating, maternal placenta (F1) and fetal tissues (F2) were isolated on day 20 of gestation. We observed a generation-wise opposite promoter CpG methylation and gene expression trend of the two developmental genes Dlk1 and Grb10, with enhanced gene expression in both the sustained and transient experimental groups in F1 placentae. When fetal development characteristics and gene expression were correlated, there was a substantial negative association between placental weight and Dlk1 expression (r = − 0.49, p < 0.05) and between crown-rump length and Grb10 expression (r = − 0.501, p < 0.05) in fetuses of the F2 generation. Consistent with these results, we also found that H3K4me3 at the promoter level of these genes is negatively associated with all fetal growth parameters. Overall, our findings suggest that balancing vitamin B12 and folic acid levels is important for maintaining the transcriptional status of imprinted genes and fetal development.
Stature estimation using scapula measurements by postmortem computed tomography in the southern Thai population
Authors: Monum Tawachai , Opaburanakul Thutchai , Samai Wirachai , Kosawiwat Komet , Kawin Chanathip 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
Estimating stature is crucial information of biological profile analysis, especially for identifying skeletal remains. Measuring long bones is the most accurate method for estimating stature. However, when it is not possible to obtain long bones, alternative non-long bone components such as scapula may need to be used. This study developed the stature estimation model utilizing postmortem computed tomography (PMCT) based on scapular dimensions in the southern Thai population.

Result
Regression equations for stature estimation were developed using 13 scapular measurements obtained from PMCT scans of 201 cadavers (151 males, 50 females). For single linear regression, the combination of transverse and longitudinal scapular length (CTLSL) produced the lowest standard error of estimation (SEE) for males (5.688 cm) and the combined group (5.971 cm), while the combination of longitudinal maximum and longitudinal scapular length (CLMLSL) was best for females (6.333 cm SEE). Stepwise multiple regression analysis improved the accuracy of the combined and male equations, with SEE of 5.645 cm and 5.266 cm, respectively, using longitudinal maximum length (LML), length of axillary margin (LAM), and transverse scapular length (TSL) for the combined group, and LML, LAM, and the combination of all horizontal parameters (CAHP) for males. The female equation did not improve with multiple regression analysis.

Conclusion
The result of this study indicated that scapular measurements can be used to estimate stature in the southern Thai population, particularly when long bone measurements are not available.
Echocardiographic evaluation in patient candidate for liver transplant: from pathophysiology to hemodynamic optimization
Authors: Iaconi Marta , Maritti Micaela , Ettorre Giuseppe Maria , Tritapepe Luigi 
Published: November 2024

AbstractCardiovascular complications are common in patients with severe liver disease and are an important cause of peri-operative and post-transplant morbidity and mortality. Cirrhotic cardiomyopathy (CCM), often found in advanced liver disease, is characterized by diastolic dysfunction, systolic dysfunction, and electrophysiological abnormalities. While CCM may not cause symptoms at rest, it can become evident during stressful activities, such as surgery. Liver transplantation, while being the definitive treatment for end-stage liver disease (ESLD), carries significant cardiovascular risks. Preoperative cardiac evaluation is essential for assessing these risks and planning appropriate management. Cardiac imaging, particularly echocardiography, plays a crucial role in evaluating liver transplant candidates, helping to identify conditions such as CCM, pulmonary hypertension, hepatopulmonary syndrome, and others. Currently, liver transplant anesthetists must acquire echocardiographic knowledge and skills to evaluate the cardiocirculatory conditions of the transplanted patient, especially in the pre-operative phase, but also intra-operatively and post-operatively.
Predictive Factors of Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy in Breast Cancer: A Decision Tree Model Approach
Authors: Wiranata Juan Adrian , Astari Yufi Kartika , Ucche Meita , Hutajulu Susanna Hilda , Paramita Dewi Kartikawati , Sulistyoningrum Dian Caturini , Siswohadiswasana Yudiyanta , Asmedi Ahmad , Hardianti Mardiah Suci , Taroeno-Hariadi Kartika Widayati , Kurnianda Johan , Purwanto Ibnu 
Published: November 2024

PURPOSE
Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) poses a substantial challenge in breast cancer (BC) chemotherapy, affecting the patient's quality of life. Recent studies have focused on exploring predictors and patterns of CIPN occurrence. We aimed to develop a prediction model for CIPN occurrence using a classification and regression tree (CART) algorithm.

METHODS
In this prospective study of 170 patients with BC undergoing chemotherapy, patient-reported adaptation of the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 4.0 was used to assess CIPN occurrence. Multivariable analysis using the CART model was tuned using 10-fold cross-validation to identify baseline predictors for CIPN throughout chemotherapy. A receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was conducted for the CART model. A multivariable logistic regression was conducted from the variables included in the CART model to assess the strength and direction of the association.

RESULTS

The prevalence of CIPN was 64.7% (n = 110). The most decisive predictor of CIPN occurrence in the CART model was the subject's C-reactive protein (CRP) level. CRP level >3.91 mg/dL, BMI >21.85 kg/m
2
, and a marital status of unmarried have predicted a probability of 100% in CIPN occurrence. The CART model showed an accuracy of 65.9%, sensitivity of 51.7%, specificity of 73.2%, and an area under the curve of 0.705. A CRP level of >3.91 mg/dL and a neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) of >2.82 are significantly associated with the occurrence of CIPN (odds ratio [OR], 2.01 [95% CI, 1.01 to 4.01];
P
= .046, OR, 2.09 [95%, CI, 1.02 to 4.24];
P
= .042, respectively).

CONCLUSION
Baseline CRP, NLR, BMI level, and marital status are significant predictors of CIPN occurrence throughout chemotherapy. Our CART model was better at ruling out individuals who would not experience CIPN. The CART model may provide insight into the future development of individualized patient care and prevention strategies.
Endovascular Flow Diversion for Hemifacial Spasm Due to an Unruptured Fusiform Vertebral Artery Aneurysm: A Case Report
Authors: Aonuma Yuki , Yoshioka Hideyuki , Kanemaru Kazuya , Hashimoto Koji , Saito So , Wakai Takuma , Fukuda Norito , Kinouchi Hiroyuki 
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND AND IMPORTANCE:
Hemifacial spasm (HFS) caused by a fusiform aneurysm is rare and difficult to treat. We present the first case of successful endovascular flow diversion treatment for HFS due to a fusiform aneurysm.

CLINICAL PRESENTATION:
A 46-year-old man suffered from right HFS for 6 months because of a fusiform right vertebral artery aneurysm compressing the root exit zone of cranial nerve VII. He successfully underwent flow diversion, with immediate disappearance of his HFS. Follow-up digital subtraction angiography 3 months after treatment showed complete resolution of the aneurysm.

CONCLUSION:
Flow diversion might be a promising treatment option for HFS due to a fusiform vertebral artery aneurysm.