bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phase changing stearate ions as active fillers in multifunctional carboxylated acrylonitrile–butadiene composite: Exploring the role of zinc stearate
Authors: Basu Debdipta , Agasty Airit , Das Amit , Chattopadhyay Santanu , Sahu Puspendu , Heinrich Gert 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTA suitable polar additive‐like zinc stearate (ZnSt) was incorporated in varied amounts to the mixture of carboxylated acrylonitrile–butadiene rubber and zinc oxide in the pursuit to introduce smart traits in the composites. Zinc stearate is not reported to effectively crosslink carboxylated nitrile rubber as compared to ZnO but, by the virtue of its strong crystalline nature (solid particles), it enhances the mechanical properties like stress–strain, tear strength, hardness, and so forth of the rubber composites. Moreover, due to the melting nature of the ZnSt at a relatively higher temperature, an alteration of the mechanical behavior of the composite is observed. In addition to the mechanical adaptability, the sample is also found to offer shape memory properties. Initially, the specimens were deformed above the melting temperature (Tm) of ZnSt (∼121 °C) to create a temporary shape, and then they were fixed into that shape by quenching the material to a temperature much below Tm, keeping the stress constant. The permanent form was recovered when the specimens were reheated above Tm without applying any stress. The efficiency of shape fixing was used as the determinant of the shape memory behavior, and up to 90% efficiencies were achieved. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020, 137, 48271.
Anatomy Dissection Course Improves the Initially Lower Levels of Visual‐Spatial Abilities of Medical Undergraduates
Authors: Bogomolova Katerina , Hierck Beerend P. , van der Hage Jos A. , Hovius Steven E.R. 
Published: July 2019

Visual‐spatial abilities are considered a successful predictor in anatomy learning. Previous research suggest that visual‐spatial abilities can be trained, and the magnitude of improvement can be affected by initial levels of spatial skills. This case‐control study aimed to evaluate (1) the impact of an extra‐curricular anatomy dissection course on visual‐spatial abilities of medical undergraduates and (2) the magnitude of improvement in students with initially lower levels of visual‐spatial abilities, and (3) whether the choice for the course was related to visual‐spatial abilities. Course participants (n = 45) and controls (n = 65) were first and second‐year medical undergraduates who performed a Mental Rotations Test (MRT) before and 10 weeks after the course. At baseline, there was no significant difference in MRT scores between course participants and controls. At the end of the course, participants achieved a greater improvement than controls (first‐year: ∆6.0 ± 4.1 vs. ∆4.9 ± 3.2; ANCOVA, P = 0.019, Cohen's d = 0.41; second‐year: ∆6.5 ± 3.3 vs. ∆6.1 ± 4.0; P = 0.03, Cohen's d = 0.11). Individuals with initially lower scores on the MRT pretest showed the largest improvement (∆8.4 ± 2.3 vs. ∆6.8 ± 2.8; P = 0.011, Cohen's d = 0.61). In summary, (1) an anatomy dissection course improved visual‐spatial abilities of medical undergraduates; (2) a substantial improvement was observed in individuals with initially lower scores on the visual‐spatial abilities test indicating a different trajectory of improvement; (3) students' preferences for attending extracurricular anatomy dissection course was not driven by visual‐spatial abilities.
Interfacial Self‐Assembly of Closely Packed Nanoparticle Arrays of Silica@Multiporphyrin Hybrids as Light‐Sensitizers for Dye Degradation and Viologen Photochromism
Authors: Wang Jing , Tu Tao , Chen Meng , Qian Dong‐Jin 
Published: July 2019

AbstractLight‐sensitizer functionalized organic–inorganic hybrid materials have attracted much attention owing to their potential applications in the fields of optoelectronics, heterogeneous catalysis, sensors, and nanotechnology. Here, an interfacial self‐assembly of zero‐dimensional (0D) silica@multiporphyrin array nanohybrids and their 3D Langmuir–Blodgett (LB) films is reported. Photoactive tetrapyridylporphyrin (TPyP) was first assembled on the silica nanoparticles’ surfaces via silane, substitution, and coordination reactions to produce nanoSiO2@(Pd‐TPyP)n hybrids. Then, the Cd2+‐nanoSiO2@(Pd‐TPyP)n monolayers and LB films were constructed on the CdCl2 subphase surface. These monolayers and LB films displayed stronger stability, as well as more uniform and closely packed nanoparticle arrays compared with those prepared on the pure water surface, owing to the formation of strong network‐like Pd‐ and Cd‐TPyP coordination units, which significantly enhanced the nanoparticles’ interaction. Further, compared with that of the 0D nanoSiO2@(Pd‐TPyP)n hybrids, the degradation efficiency was nearly 20 times higher when the hybrids’ LB films were used as light‐sensitizers for the photocatalytic degradation of RhB. Finally, flexible photochromic devices were constructed by using the LB films sandwiched between two electrodes, which displayed a reversible photoinduced redox reaction of viologen together with a color change process. Because TPyP was strongly immobilized on the nanoparticles’ surfaces and the particles were connected through the Py‐Pd2+‐Py and Py‐Cd2+‐Py coordination units with the 3D network‐like architecture, the present nanohybrids and LB films had good stability and reusability.
Simultaneous determination of eight constituents in rat plasma by HPLC–MS/MS and its application to a pharmacokinetic study after oral administration of Shejin‐liyan Granule
Authors: Li Ling , Zhang Xiuwen , Bu Fengjiao , Chen Nianzu , Zhang Hongmei , Gu Jifeng 
Published: July 2019

AbstractShejin‐liyan Granule (SJLY) is an effective traditional Chinese prescription medicine for the treatment of acute pharyngitis. In this study, a selective and convenient HPLC–MS/MS method was developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of the following eight constituents in the plasma: galuteolin, tectoridin, tectorigenin, iridin, irigenin, irisflorentin, arctiin and arctigenin. The plasma samples were prepared by a protein precipitation method using acetonitrile, and analysis was carried out on a C18 column using a gradient elution at a flow rate of 0.3 mL/min. The concentration of these analytes was quantified in the positive ion and multiple reaction monitoring modes. The method was validated for selectivity, linearity, accuracy, precision, recovery, matrix effect and sample stability. The obtained results were well within the acceptable limits. The established method was then successfully applied to study the pharmacokinetic profiles of the multiple constituents of Shejin‐liyan Granule. According to the area under the curve and maximum concentration data, tectorigenin exhibited the highest exposure followed by arctigenin, irigenin, arctiin and irisflorentin. The concentrations of galuteolin, tectoridin and iridin were low, and a complete concentration–time curve could not be plotted. This research provides useful information for understanding the pharmacokinetics of Shejin‐liyan Granule.
Development of phage biopanning strategies to identify affinity peptide ligands for kappa light chain Fab fragments
Authors: Nascimento André , Mullerpatan Akshat , Azevedo Ana Margarida , Karande Pankaj , Cramer Steven 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIn this work, two phage biopanning strategies were developed to identify affinity peptides for a single Fab and multiple kappa Fabs. For the biopanning rounds, protein L beads were employed to bind Fab targets in a fixed orientation, and NHS functionalized magnetic beads were used to facilitate evaluation of low pH elution conditions. The resulting peptide sequences were synthesized and the binding to different Fabs was evaluated using fluorescence polarization. The first biopanning approach yielded a peptide with similar affinities for two forms of the Fab (recombinantly expressed and post papain‐digestion) as well as the intact antibody. While moderate affinity was observed toward a murine variant of the Fab with the same complementarity determining regions (CDR) region but different framework, minimal binding occurred to a Fab with high sequence homology but containing different CDR loops. The second biopanning strategy yielded a peptide with affinity for all three kappa Fabs indicating that it may be a good lead for the development of more general affinity reagents for recombinant kappa Fabs. Finally, an affinity peptide column was developed, and its efficacy was demonstrated for Fab purification from a complex cell culture fluid mixture. The results presented in this article demonstrate that different peptide‐based phage biopanning strategies can be effectively employed to identify affinity peptide leads for specific Fab and more general kappa Fab purifications.
Long‐term outcome in patients treated with first‐ versus second‐generation drug‐eluting stents for the treatment of unprotected left main coronary artery stenosis
Authors: van Zandvoort Laurens J. C. , van Bommel Rutger J. , Masdjedi Kaneshka , Tovar Forero Maria Natalia , Lemmert Miguel M. , Wilschut Jeroen , Diletti Roberto , de Jaegere Peter P. T. , Zijlstra Felix , van Mieghem Nicolas M. , Daemen Joost 
Published: July 2019

AbstractObjective and backgroundThe study aim is to provide long‐term clinical outcome after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for unprotected left main coronary arteries (ULMCA) stenosis with the first‐generation (1st‐gen) drug‐eluting stents (DES) in comparison to 2nd‐gen DES, since this is largely unknown.MethodsBetween May 2002, and December 2014, a consecutive series of 656 all‐comer patients underwent a PCI for ULMCA stenosis at the Erasmus Medical Center. A total of 235 patients were treated with 1st‐gen DES, while a total of 421 patients were treated with 2nd‐gen DES.ResultsOverall, the population consisted of 73% males and 58% presented with an acute coronary syndrome. Median follow‐up time was 1,361 days (range from 0 to 5,031). At 5 years, the cumulative incidence of major adverse clinical events (the primary composite endpoint of all‐cause death, any myocardial infarction or target lesion revascularization; MACE) did not differ between 1st‐ and 2nd‐gen DES (36.8 vs. 38.6%, respectively, Log Rank p = .79, adjusted hazard ratio [HR] = 1.28 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.94–1.74]). No difference was found in the individual endpoints of all‐cause mortality (29.5 vs. 29% respectively, p = .88, adjusted HR = 1.19 [95% CI, 0.84–1.68]), target vessel myocardial infarction (5.0 vs. 8.4%, p = 0.17, adjusted HR = 1.75 [95% CI, 0.78–3.96]) and target lesion revascularization (8.1 vs. 9.8%, p = .94, adjusted HR = 1.16 [95% CI, 0.59–2.29]) between the 1st‐ and 2nd‐gen DES cohorts, respectively.ConclusionsIn this large cohort of consecutive patients treated for ULMCA stenosis, no significant differences were found in the safety and efficacy of 1st versus 2nd‐gen DES at 5 years follow‐up.
Effect of sodium chloride, sucrose, and xanthan gum on pasting properties and gel syneresis of hairless canary seed starch
Authors: Abdel‐Aal El‐Sayed M. , Rabalski Iwona , Hernandez Marta , L’Hocine Lamia , Patterson Carol Ann , Hucl Pierre 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackground and objectivesHairless (glabrous) canary seed is a novel food and promising source of starch, protein, and oil that recently received food approval from Health Canada and GRAS status from US FDA. This study is designed to investigate effects of sodium chloride, sucrose, and xanthan gum on pasting properties of starch from two hairless canary seed varieties and their gel stability during refrigerated storage and freeze–thaw treatment in comparison with wheat starch.FindingsThe DSC data showed differences in gelatinization transition temperatures and enthalpies indicating differences in starch structure between canary seed and wheat. The addition of sodium chloride lowered breakdown and setback viscosities of canary seed and wheat starch pastes but in a different way as indicated by opposite effects on peak viscosity. Sucrose increased peak, trough, and final viscosities of canary seed and wheat starches especially at 1.0%. Xanthan gum improved stability of starch paste against heat and shear force. The current study demonstrates better stability for hairless canary seed starch gels over wheat starch gels during refrigerated storage and freeze–thaw treatment.ConclusionsThe results demonstrate the ability of sodium chloride, sucrose, or xanthan gum at small concentrations to modulate pasting properties and gel stability of canary seed starch.Significance and noveltyUse of sodium chloride, sucrose, or xanthan gum to modify canary seed starch pastes and improve gel stability could promote its utilization in food and nonfood industries.
Grain sorghum fractionation in a modified dry grind ethanol process that includes production of an enriched protein fraction
Authors: Johnston David B. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackground and objectivesThe dry grind ethanol process currently utilizes almost exclusively corn. The potential to utilize alternative feedstocks in existing corn‐based facilities is highly dependent on factors such as availability and cost but also on process compatibility and the impact on the coproducts. Grain sorghum is an alternative feedstock that has the potential to be widely utilized in existing facilities. In this study, grain sorghum was utilized for the production of ethanol and a postfermentation fraction process for the isolation of an enriched protein fraction was used and compared with conventional processing.FindingsThe yield and compositional data for each fraction were calculated, and an estimated economic value of each of the fractions was developed based on protein content. The protein fraction isolated contained 58.7% protein with less than 5% neutral detergent fiber. Estimated values for the modified fractions indicate a 46% improvement in potential coproduct value relative to conventional unfractionated corn‐based DDGS.ConclusionsUtilization of grain sorghum in a dry grind ethanol process can produce DDGS that have a higher protein content relative to corn DDGS. Utilization of a postfermentation screening process followed by centrifugation of the stillage allowed for the recovery of an enriched protein fraction having minimal fiber content that would allow the protein fraction to be utilized in nonruminant animal feed diets.Significance and noveltyFractionation of grain sorghum in an ethanol process has not been previously reported in the literature.
Nitrogen‐doped Graphene Chainmail Wrapped IrCo Alloy Particles on Nitrogen‐doped Graphene Nanosheet for Highly Active and Stable Full Water Splitting
Authors: Si Zhang , Lv Zaozao , Lu Luhua , Liu Muye , Chen Ying , Jin Hongyun , Tian Xiaocong , Dai Kai , Liu Jinghai , Song Weiguo 
Published: July 2019

AbstractElectrocatalysts have been used to split water into hydrogen and oxygen for their advantages in clean energy technologies. To reduce cost and enhance stability of electrocatalysts, intensive works have been done in recent decades. Although research on noble‐metal free electrocatalysts has achieved great progress, their full water splitting performance is still incomparable to that of noble metal based catalysts. For this reason, reducing content of noble metal in catalysts is a more practical way. In this work, we report our recent progress on developing bifunctional electrocatalyst based on nitrogen‐doped graphene chainmail wrapped IrCo alloy particles on nitrogen‐doped graphene (NG@IrCo/NG). Benefited from strong interaction among iridium, cobalt and nitrogen‐doped graphene, impressively high electrocatalytic activity of hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in both acid and alkaline solutions, which are comparable to commercially used Pt/C and IrO2 electrocatalysts respectively, is found. Catalyst with the structure of nitrogen doped chainmail wrapping on metal core is found to have highly stable full water splitting performance.
Ligand Effect on Iron‐Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling Reactions: Evaluation of Amides as O‐Coordinating Ligands
Authors: Bisz Elwira , Kardela Marlena , Szostak Michal 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe development of new highly efficient O‐coordinating ligands for iron‐catalyzed C(sp2)−C(sp3) cross‐coupling reactions is reported. A structure‐reactivity study on the effect of amides as ligands in the industrially‐important iron‐catalyzed cross‐coupling of aryl chlorides with challenging organometallics possessing β‐hydrogens was performed. Investigation of a series of new 21 ligands that rationally vary in O‐coordination aptitude as well as sterics around the amide bond pinpointed the features that are important for catalysis. The study led to the discovery of several highly efficient ligands for cross‐coupling, including TMU (TMU=tetramethylurea), N‐cyclic and coordinating benzamides. Crucially, the study demonstrates several avenues for replacing reprotoxic NMP, which is currently still the most common additive in industrial applications of sustainable iron‐catalyzed cross‐coupling chemistry.
Dynamic Impedance Spectroscopy of Nickel Hexacyanoferrate Thin Films
Authors: Erinmwingbovo Collins , Koster Dominique , Brogioli Doriano , La Mantia Fabio 
Published: July 2019

AbstractDynamic multi‐frequency analysis (DMFA) is capable of acquiring high‐quality frequency response of electrochemical systems under non‐stationary conditions in a broad range of frequencies. In this work, we used DMFA to study the kinetics of (de‐)intercalation of univalent cations (Na+ and K+) in thin films of nickel hexacyanoferrate (NiHCF) during cyclic voltammetry. For this system, the classic stationary electrochemical impedance spectroscopy fails due to the instability of the oxidized form of NiHCF. We are showing that such spectra can be fitted with a physical model described by a simple two‐step intercalation mechanism: an adsorption step followed by an insertion step. The extracted kinetic parameters are depending on the state of charge as well on the nature of the inserted cation.
In Situ Synthesis of Ultrathin Graphene‐Like Nanosheets as a Highly Effective Oxygen Catalyst for Zinc−Air Batteries
Authors: Wu Chao , Song Li , Li Linghui , Xia Wei , Jiang Cheng , Gao Bin , Du Yanqiu , Wang Tao , He Jianping 
Published: July 2019

AbstractTwo‐dimensional materials have large specific area, high electron transfer capability and abundant exposed active sites, which are beneficial to improve their catalytic properties. Here, we used a simple salt‐template method to construct ultrathin graphene‐like Fe/N−C nanosheets (named as Fe/GNS‐1.5). During the synthesis process, NaCl crystallite serves as a rigid template of two‐dimensional mesoscopic structure. Iron nitrate acts as a gas‐foaming agent, which plays pivotal part in the morphology and structure of catalysts. The obtained Fe/GNS‐1.5 nanosheets with a thickness of 3 nm have a large specific surface area (705 m2 g−1). Benefiting from the structure advantages, Fe/GNS‐1.5 exhibits a great bifunctional catalytic performance. The Fe/GNS‐1.5 catalyst is employed as air cathode of zinc−air battery to examine its practical application, which presents excellent power density (156 mW cm−2) and favorable cyclic stability for more than 600 cycles.
Towards Nonalternant Nanographenes through Self‐Promoted Intramolecular Indenoannulation Cascade by C−F Bond Activation
Authors: Akhmetov Vladimir , Feofanov Mikhail , Papaianina Olena , Troyanov Sergey , Amsharov Konstantin 
Published: July 2019

AbstractLarge polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) containing pentagons represent an important class of compounds that are considered to be superior materials in future nano‐electronic applications. From this perspective, the development of synthetic approaches to large PAHs and nanographenes (NGs) is a matter of great importance. In this context indenoannulation appears to be the most practical way to introduce pentagons into NGs. Here we report that alumina‐mediated C−F bond activation is an attractive tool for the synthesis of non‐alternant NGs bearing several pentagons. The unique nature of the reaction leads to a rather counter‐intuitive outcome and allows considering each previous aryl–aryl coupling as a promoter of the following one, despite the continuous increase in the strain energy. Thus, the presented strategy combines both facile synthesis and significant yields for large nonalternant PAHs and NGs.
The VALID‐CRT risk score reliably predicts response and outcome of cardiac resynchronization therapy in a real‐world population
Authors: Bertaglia Emanuele , Arena Giuseppe , Pecora Domenico , Reggiani Albino , D'Onofrio Antonio , Palmisano Pietro , De Simone Antonio , Caico Salvatore I. , Marini Massimiliano , Maglia Giampiero , Ferraro Anna , Solimene Francesco , Cecchetto Antonella , Malacrida Maurizio , Botto Giovanni L. , Lunati Maurizio , Stabile Giuseppe 
Published: July 2019

AbstractObjectivesThe aim of the study was to confirm the value of the VALID‐cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) risk score in predicting outcome and to assess its association with clinical response (CR) in an unselected real‐world CRT population.Methods and ResultsThe present analysis comprised all consecutive CRT patients (pts) enrolled in the CRT‐MORE registry from 2011 to 2013. Pts were stratified into five groups (quintiles 1‐5) according to the VALID‐CRT risk predictor index applied to the CRT‐MORE population. In the analysis of clinical outcome, adverse events comprised death from any cause and non‐fatal heart failure (HF) events requiring hospitalization. CR at 12‐month follow‐up was also assessed. We enrolled 905 pts. During a median follow‐up of 1005 [627‐1361] days, 134 patients died, and 79 had at least one HF hospitalization. At 12 months, 69% of pts displayed an improvement in their CR. The mean VALID‐CRT risk score derived from the CRT‐MOdular Registry (MORE) population was 0.317, ranging from −0.419 in Q1 to 2.59 in Q5. The risk‐stratification algorithm was able to predict total mortality after CRT (survival ranging from 93%‐Q1 to 77%‐Q5; hazards ratio [HR] = 1.42, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.25‐1.61, P < .0001), and HF hospitalization (ranging from 95% to 90%; HR = 1.24, 95% CI: 1.06‐1.45, P = .009). CR was significantly lower in pts with a high‐to‐very high risk profile (Q4‐5) than in pts with a low‐to‐intermediate risk profile (Q1‐2‐3) (55% vs 79%, P < .0001).ConclusionThe VALID‐CRT risk‐stratification algorithm reliably predicts outcome and CRT response after CRT in an unselected, real‐world population.