bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF TOPICAL HYDROGEL FORMULATION OF IRBISARTAN
Authors: SHAIKH ZEESHAN 
Published: July 2019

Objective: Irbesartan is an antihypertensive with limited bioavailability. The objective of the study was to develop controlled release matrix tablets of irbisartan drug.
Methods: Tablets were prepared by wet granulation process. Result: In vitro drug release study revealed that HPMC causes initial burst release of drug hence combining HPMC sustained the action for 8 h (95.92±0.57% release). Fitting the in vitro drug release data to Korsmeyer equation indicated that diffusion along with erosion could be the mechanism for drug release. Compared to conventional tablets, the release of model drug from these HPMC matrix tablets was prolonged, leading to achieve an effective therapy with a low dosage of the drug, to reduce the frequency of medication. The pharmacological and clinical properties of irbesartan, a noncompetitive angiotensin II receptor type 1 antagonist, successfully used for more than a decade in the treatment of essential hypertension.
Results: Compatibility Studies In order to investigate the possible interactions between irbesartan and distinct polymers and/or diluents, FT-IR and DSC studies were carried out. FT-IR results proved that the drug was found to be compatible with excipients as wave numbers are almost similar for pure drug and also drug excipients mixture. In picture 1 and 2. DSC studies indicate that chosen excipients for the formulation were found to be compatible with the active ingredient as the melting endothermic peaks are in the range of 250-320 °C which is same as the melting point of irbisartan.
Conclusion: Irbesartan exerts its antihypertensive effect through an inhibitory effect on the pressure response to angiotensin II. Irbesartan 150–300 mg once daily confers a lasting effect over 24 h, and its antihypertensive efficacy is further enhanced by the coadministration of hydrochlorothiazide.
PRELIMINARY PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND IN VITRO ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF THE LEAF EXTRACT OF THUNBERGIA COCCINEA (FAMILY-ACANTHACEAE)
Authors: SULTANA NARGIS , DAS SUMIT 
Published: July 2019

Objective: To estimate the antimicrobial activity of the leaf extract of Thunbergia coccinea in association with phytochemical analysis.
Methods: The extraction of the leaves of Thunbergia coccinea was done by using a various solvent like petroleum ether, chloroform and methanol. The phytochemical constitutes are investigated by using standard methods. Antimicrobial activity of leave extract was carried out against gram positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus) and one gram negative bacteria (Escherichia coli). The anti-fungal activity of the plant extract was evaluated on Candida albicans. The testing was done by using disc diffusion method. The zone of inhibition was compared with standard Amikacin for anti-bacterial activity and fluconazole for anti-fungal activity.
Results: The present investigation shows the phytochemical analysis which revealed the presence of alkaloid, flavonoid, cardiac glycoside, saponin glycoside, tannin and phenolics. The antimicrobial activity of plant extract is showed significant result against all three of the test organism.
Conclusion: The present study concluded that the leaf extract of Thunbergia coccinea contain various phytochemicals and possess promising antimicrobial activity when compared with the standards.
HOME MEDICINE REVIEW ELDERLY BASED ASSESSMENT OF MEDICATION RELATED PROBLEMS IN MYSURU CITY
Authors: KUMAR JAIDEV , MAHENDRAPPA  
Published: July 2019

Objective: Patients with medication-related problems will not be able to achieve the correct therapeutic endpoint which can ultimately result in further progression of disease and complications of the disease. The common risk factors of medication related problems are such as increased co morbidities, hepatic impairment, renal impairment, lack of certain biological enzymes such as glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase, the safety of medications that needs to be considered in specialised population such as pregnant and lactating women followed by infants, children, and elderly persons. Today in India there are lot of drug-related problems which goes unnoticed as most of the medical case sheets in hospitals are not properly screened due to lack of clinical pharmacy services which do not exist in most of the hospitals. To assess the medication-related problems among chronically ill patients.
Methods: Patients who met study criteria were enrolled in this research study, followed by the standard operating procedure of home medicine review was applied to carry out this research study. Drug-related problems of enrolled patients were evaluated by applying Hepler and Strand drug-related problem scale.
Results: The pharmacist intervention rate in this research study were found was 58%. The medication-related problems identified in this study were drug given without indication which was accountable for 32 % followed by drug duplication 5.21%, drug interactions 11% and adverse drug reactions 6.52 %.
Conclusion: This research study concludes that prevalence of drug-related problems among elderly patients was accountable for 40.49 % among Home Medicine Review in Mysore city due to more comorbidity which had resulted in more number of medications with respect to the individual medical case. Elderly patients will have lot of confusion which makes difficult to follow strict directions of medications prescribed by the concerned consultant. The situation of elderly patients can make still more miserable when no family members are living with them. Therefore in this type of situation, the role of pharmacist can play an important role in creating more awareness of medications to elderly patients.
Harm Reduction, Stigma and the Problem of Low Compassion Satisfaction
Authors: Knaak Stephanie , Christie Romie , Mercer Sue , Stuart Heather 
Published: July 2019

Background and Objective Canada is in the midst of an opioid crisis. Given the sheer magnitude of the crisis and escalating death toll, the mobilization of harm reduction interventions is an important priority. Currently, little is known about the role played by stigmatization, particularly in terms of how this may impact the endorsement and uptake of harm reduction strategies and initiatives among frontline providers. Materials and Methods Opening Minds, the anti-stigma initiative of the Mental Health Commission of Canada, undertook a one-and-a-half-year research project to understand the qualities, characteristics, sources, consequences, and solutions to the problem of stigmatization on the front-lines of the opioid crisis. A qualitative key informant design was selected. Participants included various first responder and health provider groups, people with lived experience of opioid or other drug use, and people in key policy or programming roles. Eight focus groups were held across Canada, and 15 one-on-one key informant interviews were completed. Results Analysis of focus group and key informant interviews revealed three main ways in which stigma shows up on the front lines of the opioid crisis among providers. These themes coalesced around a central main problem, that of low compassion satisfaction. Suggestions for how these concerns can be addressed were also identified. Conclusion The findings from this research revealed several key ways that stigma shows up in the experiences and perceptions of frontline providers and provide several promising avenues for combating stigmatization related to opioid use and harm reduction. An important avenue for future research is to develop and elaborate on the theoretical connections between the concepts of stigmatization and compassion satisfaction as a way to better understand the problem of stigmatization in helping environments.
O CURRÍCULO DA EDUCAÇÃO INFANTIL EM FACE DAS ORIENTAÇÕES DE UM SISTEMA APOSTILADO DE ENSINO
Authors: Monteiro Karla Bianca Freitas de Souza 
Published: July 2019

Visando compreender a participação das crianças, na construção do currículo de uma instituição de Educação Infantil em Imperatriz- MA, este trabalho baseia-se em um referencial teórico interdisciplinar pautado em três principais áreas: Sociologia da Infância; Pedagogia da Infância e nos estudos curriculares. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, na qual foram utilizados como procedimentos metodológicos para a construção dos dados, a observação do cotidiano e escuta das crianças por meio de histórias para completar. Os dados revelam que a participação das crianças no currículo é bastante limitada pois, são muitas as imposições e relações de poder que as segregam e colocam-lhes em uma posição passiva diante dos interesses do sistema de ensino. Palavras - chave: Educação infantil. Currículo. Participação.
Reflexiones en torno a la Nueva Cooperación China para la Transformación Estructural: contrastes y tensiones con el Régimen de Cooperación Internacional para el Desarrollo tradicional
Authors: Dominguez Aldo , Lo Brutto Giuseppe 
Published: July 2019

El régimen actual de Cooperación Internacional para el Desarrollo vive profundos cambios derivados tanto de los fracasos que lo han caracterizado desde su creación hasta la fecha como por el cada vez más predominante papel que la República Popular de China (RPCh) ha ido desarrollando en los entramados de las relaciones políticas y económicas internacionales. El propósito de este artículo es poner en evidencia en que consiste la Nueva Cooperación China para la Transformación Estructural y al mismo tiempo resaltar los contrastes y las tensiones con el régimen de Cooperación Internacional para el Desarrollo tradicional.Reflexões em torno Nova Cooperação Chinesa para a Transformação Estrutural: contrastes e tensões com o regime tradicional de cooperação internacional para o desenvolvimento
MANAGING WASTEWATER IN DECENTRALIZED INDONESIA: COULD LOCAL DEMOCRACY IMPROVE PUBLIC SERVICE?
Authors: Waskitawati Diny 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT This article seeks the construal of sounds local democracy and public service improvements in Indonesian decentralization context by bringing the example of wastewater management in Bandung Municipality. Data collected through series of interviews with respected individuals involved in wastewater service, particularly those who directly engage in water and sanitation projects funded by local and external funding sources. Despite the positive view on decentralization could create a more powerful local government in overseeing local development for more effective public service delivery. It also could be tested by the fragile administrative system and the immature local democracy. In the case of wastewater service in Bandung Municipality, for example, the respected institution called PDAM Tirtawening (Bandung Municipality Water Supply Agency) shows less efficient use of fund compared to the same project funded by the AusAID (Australian AID) as one of Indonesian development partners. Sound governance and administrative reform should be employed to achieve better public service performance. Keywords: local democracy, decentralized Indonesia, Bandung Municipality, wastewater management, governance reform
The Transformation of the Crimean Tatars’ Institutions and Discourses After 2014
Authors: Muratova Elmira 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The article deals with the transformation of the Crimean Tatars’ institutions and discourses after the 2014 conflict around Crimea. It shows the change in the balance of power of traditional institutions such as Mejlis and Muftiyat, which for many years represented secular and religious components of Crimean Tatars’ ethnic identity. It tells how the Mejlis was dismissed from the political stage in Crimea, while the Muftiyat has enjoyed a great support by new authorities. This transformation and threats to societal security inevitably led to reassessment of previous views and goals of the main actors in the Crimean Tatar community and the formation of new institutions with hybrid composition and discourse. The article focuses on organization such as ‘Crimean solidarity,’ which was formed in 2016 as a reaction to authorities’ pressure over the Crimean Tatars. Using discourse analysis of statements of activists of this organization and content analysis of social media, the author presents the main topics of its discourse and types of activity. She shows how the traditional Islamic discourse of activists of this organization has been transformed by the incorporation of the main concepts of secular discourse developed by the Mejlis. The author argues that the appearance of ‘Crimean solidarity’ indicates the blurring of lines between secular and religious, and ethnic and Islamic in the Crimean Tatar society. It shows how people with different backgrounds and agendas manage to leave their differences aside to support each other in the face of a common threat.
Environmental and Climate Dilemma: Coal for Heating or Clean Air for Breathing: A Case of Prishtina
Authors: Bajcinovci Bujar 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Air pollution as a global issue is an essential health problem, faced by millions of people all over the world. It is a huge problem encountered by the citizens of the city of Prishtina, too. The benefit from the cheapest forms of energy, that generated from coal-fired power plants, and the one derived from the low financial cost, raises the question: do we have to compensate this energy with our health? This paper presents the analysis of the emanations, such are coal-fired power plants in the vicinity of the city of Prishtina, and aims to determine the accepted level and health framework boundaries for coal-fired power plants and coal processing activities. The research methods consist of empirical observations and data analysis on health degradation, environmental and greenhouse gas contribution to the climate change. The actual state of energy production is not the most effective pathway to the stability of basic load for energy. Hence, the debate focused around environment tends to fail the essential need for supplying Kosovo with electricity, something for which power plants are suitable. Unfortunately, with all our environmental stubborn beliefs, renewable sources such as sun and wind are not, in the present efficiency for Kosovo. The present hazardous air quality requires well defined lawful steps and activities. Thus, the research findings recommend and promote precise immediate environmental measures.
CT-guided robotic-assisted percutaneous interventions: first experience
Authors: Burovik I. A. , Prohorov G. G. , Lushina P. A. , Vasiliev A. V. , Degtiareva E. A. 
Published: July 2019

Computed tomography is an effective method of monitoring of percutaneous interventions. Conventional CT guidance and CT-fluoroscopy are used most frequently for proce dure monitoring. Image-guided robotic needle positioning is an alternative and relatively modern approach for interventional procedures.Purpose:to demonstrate convenience, effectiveness and safety of robotic system for CT-guided interventions.Materials and methods.CT-guided percutaneous interventions were performed in FSBI “N.N. Petrov NMRC of Oncology” Ministry of Healthcare of The Russian Federation using the Philips Ingenuity CT scanner and Maxio Perfint robotic system. This article presents clinical observations of adrenal tumor biopsy and cryoablation of a renal cell carcinoma. For cryoablation the Medical Cryotherapeutic System was used.Results.The robotic system for CT-guided interventions allowed to perform corresponding surgical procedures.Conclusions.The Maxio robotic console seems to be a promising technical solution for CT-guided interventions. Evaluation of the effectiveness of the robotic and traditional approaches of CT control in percutaneous procedures requires further investigations and analysis on larger data sample in longer periods of observation.
Modern approaches to the prevention and correction of complications caused by systemic treatment of severe acne forms
Authors: Tlish M. M. , Shavilova M. E. 
Published: July 2019

Background.According to European and RF clinical guidelines, only the systemic use of isotretinoin in severe acne has a high level of evidence. However, this therapy is frequently associated with the development of retinoid dermatitis, the prevention and correction of which requires the application of emollients. Aim. To evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of the Perfectoin cream during treatment and prevention of retinoid dermatitis in patients with severe acne receiving systemic treatment with isotretinoin.Materials and methods.Two groups of patients each comprising 38 people with moderate, severe and resistant to standard therapy forms of acne were observed. Each group included 22 patients with retinoic dermatitis manifestations and 16 without such symptoms. The patients in the main and comparison groups were prescribed the Perfectoin cream and the dexpanthenol cream, respectively. Control of the skin condition was performed prior to the study and following 1, 3 and 6 months of therapy. Assessment parameters were the main symptoms of retinoid dermatitis (erythema, lichenification, excoriation, itching, feeling of dryness/tightness of the skin), indicators of the hydration of the horny layer of the epidermis and the transepidermal loss of moisture, as well as the dermatology life quality index.Results.The study has shown that the Perfectoin cream in patients with acne receiving isotretinoin therapy helps to restore skin hydration and leads to a rapid regression of the main dermatological symptoms of retinoid dermatitis, thus improving the overall quality of patients’ life.
Acesso à informação no Judiciário: necessários aprimoramentos para uma accountability social
Authors: Santana Anna Luisa Walter de , Pamplona Danielle Anne 
Published: July 2019

O artigo discute a necessidade de ampliação do acesso à informação no Judiciário, especialmente, no quesito intitulado transparência jurisdicional, como instrumento indispensável para a realização de um maior controle e monitoramento do Poder Judiciário no Brasil. Para tanto, fazendo uso do método hipotético-dedutivo, em um primeiro momento, é explorado o direito de acesso à informação e sua vinculação com o desenvolvimento da democracia e uma accountability social. Para em seguida, a partir de relatórios pesquisados, especialmente da ONG Artigo 19 e World Bank, analisar os pontos destacados para uma adequada transparência jurisdicional no Judiciário e seus pontos vulneráveis no Brasil. Identificou-se falhas importantes com relação ao acesso às informações jurisdicionais, que precisam de atenção e aprimoramento pelo Poder Judiciário, sob pena de graves prejuízos ao monitoramento e controle do órgão.
A Syllabus Design in Learning Speaking for International Volunteers as Non-Native Speakers of Indonesian
Authors: Affini Laily Nur 
Published: July 2019

Indonesia International Work Camp (IIWC) is an international organization. The organization facilitates Indonesian course to foreign volunteers who conduct a voluntary project in Indonesia. The course started in 2009 up to now. If there is one lack from the course, it is because the course did not have any syllabus. This action research study has a main purpose to design an Indonesian speaking syllabus for IIWC foreign volunteers based on contextual field at a project site. This action research included a basic action research routine: look, think and act. An approach employed in this research is case study. Questionnaires, interviews, notes, a teaching journal, recordings, photographs and videos were taken during the course process. The population of this research is the IIWC foreign volunteers. The sample of this research is Yurie Takahashi, a Japanese foreign volunteer who was the only new foreign volunteer came in Indonesia at that time. She conducted a social international voluntary service in Indonesia. The major research participants are I as the Indonesian speaking instructor, and the foreign volunteer as the learner. The collected data is analyzed using a process of reflection and interpretation that is categorizing and coding. The findings are: the syllabus for Indonesian speaking course, for IIWC foreign volunteers who conducted a project at the project site of Fatimatuzzahro orphanage Semarang central-Java Indonesia. The syllabus employs a learning centered approach. Then the program evaluation revealed the instructor’s teaching and attitudes from the learner’s perspective and the learner’s progresses after joining the course. Eventually, the teaching materials compilation was taught from the syllabus made to be a handout of the course which can support the teaching-learning processes later. It is suggested to other IIWC’s Indonesian speaking instructors who will teach foreign volunteers at the orphanage can look at the syllabus in advance, so that they can know starting points in surveying the existing situation. It is also suggested to other researchers to take the uninvestigated cases in this research regarding Indonesian listening and pronunciation problems which later can be contributed as well to knowledge of applied linguistics.
Inmobilización y retención nutrimental en aserrín de pino como sustrato agrícola.
Authors: Pineda Pineda Joel , Sánchez del Castillo Felipe , Moreno Pérez Esaú Del Carmen , Valdez Aguilar Luis Alonso , Castillo González Ana María , Ramírez Árias Armando , Vargas Canales Juan Manuel 
Published: July 2019

Pine (Pinus sp.) sawdust has been used as a growing medium for the cultivation of vegetables and ornamentals. In the present work the objective was to assess the immobilization or retention of N, P, K, and Ca in pine sawdust as the main substrate component by applying Steiner nutrient solution at different concentrations (20, 30 and 40 meq L-1). We used uncomposted sawdust, alone or in mixtures (70/30, v/v) with volcanic tuff of different particle sizes (fine ≤ 3 mm, medium 3-6 mm, and coarse 6-12 mm). For two months, leachate was collected daily, and every 10 days, the average concentrations of N, P, K, and Ca, as well as pH and electrical conductivity (EC) were measured. The effect of the interaction substrate × nutrient solution concentration on N, P, K and Ca in the leached water was observed. These nutrients increased in concentration in the leachate water in accord with the nutrient solution concentration and as the diameter of volcanic tuff particles diminished. Irrigation with 20 meq L-1 (2 dS m-1) concentration of nutrient solution reduced the concentration of N, P, K, and Ca in leached water below its concentration in the supplied nutrient solution, while irrigation with 30 or 40 meq L-1 (2 or 4 dS m-1) resulted in similar concentration in leached water up to 20 or 30 dat, but at 40 dat, concentration of these nutrients in the leached water was higher. Immobilization of N and P, K, and Ca retention in the sawdust substrate occurred during the first 40 ddt, related to an increase in pH (up to 8.6), a decrease in EC (until 0.5 dS m-1) and low concentrations of N, P, K, and Ca in the leached water.