bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Three-loop contributions to b → sγ associated with the current-current operators
Authors: Greub Christoph , Asatrian Hrachia M. , Asatryan Hrachya H. , Born Lukas , Eicher Julian 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In a recent work, we calculated all three-loop diagrams contributing to the decay amplitude for b → sγ where none of the gluons touch the b-leg. In the present paper, we complete the calculation by working out all remaining three-loop diagrams (of order $$ {\alpha}_s^2 $$

α
s
2

) associated with the current-current operators O1 and O2 at the physical value of the charm-quark mass mc. Using the programs AMFlow and DiffExp to solve the differential equations for the master integrals, we obtained precise numerical results at 23 values for $$ z={m}_c^2/{m}_b^2 $$
z
=

m
c
2

/

m
b
2

, ranging from z = 1/1000 to z = 1/5, along with asymptotic expansions around z = 0. For certain diagrams, the asymptotic expansion breaks down in the physical z-range, necessitating a Taylor expansion (which we do around z = 1/10). In all expansions, we retained power terms up to z20 and included the accompanying log(z) terms to all powers for asymptotic expansions. Numerical results for the sum of all diagrams (including those calculated in the previous paper) are presented in tabular form, while the mentioned expansions of individual diagram classes are provided electronically. We note that our results for the asymptotic expansions around z = 0 are in good agreement with those recently published by Fael et al. and Czaja et al.
Stringy forces in the black hole interior
Authors: Zigdon Yoav 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Effective field theories break down inside large black holes on macroscopic scales when tidal forces are string-sized. If r0 is the horizon radius and α′ is the square of the string scale, the 4D Schwarzschild interior is strongly curved at (r0α′)1/3. Infalling massless probes that reach this scale stretch and become excited strings. I generalize this picture for a wide class of black hole solutions in string theory. For the black hole dual to the large-N BFSS model in a thermal state, and denoting ℓP the Planck length, tidal forces are stringy at $$ {r}_0{\left(\frac{r_0}{N^{1/3}{\ell}_P}\right)}^{3/11} $$

r
0

r
0

N

1
/
3

ℓ
P

3
/
11

, which is greater than the scale where string perturbation theory breaks down for sufficiently large r0/ℓP. For 4D Kerr, there is a range of spin parameters for which the inner horizon is to the future of the scale of stringy curvature. These results specify the portion of black hole interior solutions where effective field theory can be used; beyond these scales, one must resort to other methods.
Maternal probiotic supplementation protects against PBDE-induced developmental, behavior and metabolic reprogramming in a sexually dimorphic manner: Role of gut microbiome
Authors: Denys Maximillian E. , Kozlova Elena V. , Liu Rui , Bishay Anthony E. , Do Elyza A. , Piamthai Varadh , Korde Yash V. , Luna Crystal N. , Lam Artha A. , Hsiao Ansel , Currás-Collazo Margarita 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are endocrine-disrupting persistent organic pollutants (POPs) used as flame retardants in a wide range of commercial applications. We have previously reported neurobehavioral and metabolic reprogramming produced by developmental PBDEs. PBDEs perturb the microbiome, an influencer of life-long health, while probiotic supplementation with Limosilactobacillus reuteri (LR) can avert neurobehavioral and endocrine disruption. We, therefore, tested the hypothesis that perinatal maternal LR supplementation would protect gut microbiome richness and diversity, developmental milestones, adult neurobehavior and metabolic homeostasis in PBDE-exposed offspring. C57BL/6N dams were orally exposed to a commercial penta-mixture of PBDEs, DE-71, at 0.1 mg/kg/day, or corn oil vehicle (VEH/CON) during gestation and lactation. Mice offspring received DE-71 or VEH/CON with or without co-administration of LR (ATCC-PTA-6475) indirectly via their mother from gestational day (GD) 0 until postnatal day (P)21 (Cohort 1), or continued to receive LR directly from P22 through adulthood (Cohort 2). Results of fecal 16S rRNA sequencing indicated age- and sex-dependent effects of DE-71 on gut microbial communities. Maternal LR treatment protected against DE-71-induced reduction in α-diversity in P22 females and against β-diversity alterations in P30 males. In females, DE-71 changed the relative abundance of specific bacterial taxa, such as Tenericutes and Cyanobacteria (elevated) and Deferribacterota (reduced). In males, several Firmicutes taxa were elevated, while Proteobacteria, Chlamydiae, and several Bacteroidota taxa were reduced. The number of disrupted taxa normalized by maternal LR supplementation was as follows: 100% in P22 females and 33% in males at P22 and 25% at P30. Maternal LR treatment protected against DE-71-induced delay of postnatal body weight gain in males and ameliorated the abnormal timing of incisor eruption in both sexes. Further, DE-71 produced exaggerated digging in both sexes as well as locomotor hyperactivity in females, effects that were mitigated by maternal LR only in females. Other benefits of LR therapy included normalization of glucose tolerance, insulin-to-glucose ratio and plasma leptin in adult DE-71 females (Cohort 2). This study provides evidence that probiotic supplementation can mitigate POP-induced reprogramming of neurodevelopment, adult neurobehavior, and glucose metabolism in association with modified gut microbial community structure in a sex-dependent manner.
Sequential topological complexity of aspherical spaces and sectional categories of subgroup inclusions
Authors: Espinosa Baro Arturo , Farber Michael , Mescher Stephan , Oprea John 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
We generalize results from topological robotics on the topological complexity (TC) of aspherical spaces to sectional categories of fibrations inducing subgroup inclusions on the level of fundamental groups. In doing so, we establish new lower bounds on sequential TCs of aspherical spaces as well as the parametrized TC of epimorphisms. Moreover, we generalize the Costa–Farber canonical class for TC to classes for sequential TCs and explore their properties. We combine them with the results on sequential TCs of aspherical spaces to obtain results on spaces that are not necessarily aspherical.
Inner rates of finite morphisms
Authors: Cherik Yenni 
Published: November 2024

AbstractLet (X, 0) be a complex analytic surface germ embedded in $$({\mathbb {C}}^n,0)$$

(

C

n

,
0
)

with an isolated singularity and $$\Phi =(g,f):(X,0) \longrightarrow ({\mathbb {C}}^2,0)$$

Φ
=

(
g
,
f
)

:

(
X
,
0
)

⟶

(

C

2

,
0
)

be a finite morphism. We define a family of analytic invariants of the morphism $$\Phi $$
Φ
, called inner rates of $$\Phi $$
Φ
. By means of the inner rates we study the polar curve associated with the morphism $$\Phi $$
Φ
when fixing the topological data of the curve $$(gf)^{-1}(0)$$

(
g
f
)

-
1

(
0
)

and the surface germ (X, 0), allowing to address a problem called polar exploration. We also use the inner rates to study the geometry of the Milnor fibers of a non constant holomorphic function $$f:(X,0) \longrightarrow ({\mathbb {C}},0)$$

f
:
(
X
,
0
)
⟶
(
C
,
0
)

. The main result is a formula which involves the inner rates and the polar curve alongside topological invariants of the surface germ (X, 0) and of the curve $$(gf)^{-1}(0)$$

(
g
f
)

-
1

(
0
)

.
Tetracyanoethylene $$\hbox {Na}^+$$/$$\hbox {K}^+$$ radical anion coordination sites unveiled via electronic and vibrational fingerprints
Authors: Coppola Federico , Carfora Raoul , Cimino Paola , Petrone Alessio , Rega Nadia 
Published: November 2024

AbstractTetracyanoethylene (TCNE) is a very effective electron acceptor and can form stable complexes with various chemical species and is known for its interesting electronic and optical properties. The formation of the monoanion gives TCNE unique electronic and chemical properties, making it a material of interest for several technological applications including solar cells, organic battery electrodes, sodium/potassium-ion batteries and information storage devices. The chemico-physical characterization of $$\hbox {Na}^+$$

Na
+

and $$\hbox {K}^+$$

K
+

coordination of TCNE in solution is not available so far, although it would be valuable for understanding the molecular mechanisms of charging and discharging processes in innovative battery devices. The present theoretical-computational study characterizes the vibrational and electronic properties of ion-coordinated TCNE in solution. We analyzed the ground electronic state through equilibrium structures, focusing on structural features, stability, optical properties and Raman vibrational modes. The $$\hbox {Na}^+$$

Na
+

and $$\hbox {K}^+$$

K
+

cations, coordinated at two distinct sites, significantly alter the geometry, and modulate electronic and vibrational properties. Using ab initio molecular dynamics simulations, we computed vibrational spectra, finding that TCNE complexes serve as effective probes for detecting environmental variations, with key vibrational modes on CC and CN moieties being sensitive to cation interactions. Additionally, a correlation between C=C bond distances and vibrational frequencies was observed. In conclusion, this study provides further insight into the role of TCNE in optoelectronic applications and nonaqueous battery systems.
Using stem water potential derived from continuous reading sensors for irrigation scheduling: nectarine as a test case
Authors: Nevo Eyal , Rotbart Nativ , Slutsky Alexander , Wallach Rony , Gal Yoni , Naor Amos , Cohen Shabtai 
Published: November 2024

AbstractWe investigated on-site soil and plant based sensors translated to stem water potential for nectarine orchard irrigation control on heavy clay soil. Irrigation targeted predetermined stem water potential (SWP) thresholds for each phenological stage. Sensors were compared to SWP in six trees in a drying and wetting plot where irrigation was withheld periodically, allowing SWP to reach moderate water stress. Other sensor readings were regressed on SWP for those times, and the regressions were used for irrigation scheduling. The latter kept stage I and III SWP at ~ − 0.9 MPa, and moderate water stress in stage II (SWP ~ − 1.5 MPa). Weekly adjustments were made according to the thresholds. Results showed that tensiometers could be used for stages I and III, as they were very sensitive. However, when stress was applied soil water tension exceeded tensiometer range at 30 cm depth.Soil water content sensors had slower responses than the others, so they might be difficult to use for precise irrigation in heavy soils. Dendrometers responded quickly and therefore might be more useful for management even in moderate water stress, even with their sensitivity to climatic conditions. Analysis showed to maintain SWP within ± 0.1 MPa, 2 tensiometers, 10 soil water content sensors and 7 dendrometers stations are needed. Signal-to-noise (SNR) ranks were SWP > 30 cm tensiometers > 60 cm tensiometers > dendrometers > 30 cm soil water content > 60 cm soil water content sensors for the full season. Nonetheless, in some stages tensiometer SNR was greater than that of SWP.
Fluid wetting and penetration characteristics in T-shaped microchannels
Authors: Zhang Huijie , Lippert Anja , Leonhardt Ronny , Tolle Tobias , Nagel Luise , Marić Tomislav 
Published: November 2024

AbstractA thorough understanding of media tightness in automotive electronics is crucial for ensuring more reliable and compact product designs, ultimately improving product quality. Concerning the fundamental characteristics of fluid leakage issues, the dynamic wetting and penetration behavior on small scales is of special interest and importance. In this work, four T-shaped microchannels with one inlet and two outlets are experimentally investigated in terms of contact angle dynamics and interface movement over time, generating novel insight into the wetting mechanisms and fluid distribution. With a main channel width of 1 mm, a crevice width of $$w = {0.3}\,\hbox {mm}, {0.4}\,\hbox {mm}$$

w
=

0.3

mm
,

0.4

mm

and a rounding edge radius of $$r = {0.1}\,\hbox {mm}, {0.2}\,\hbox {mm}$$

r
=

0.1

mm
,

0.2

mm

, the geometrical effects on the fluid penetration depth in the crevice and the interface edge pinning effect are analyzed quantitatively using an automated image processing procedure. It is found that the measured dynamic contact angles in all parts can be well described by molecular kinetic theory using local contact line velocities, even with local surface effects and abrupt geometry changes. Moreover, a smaller crevice width, a sharper edge and a larger flow velocity tend to enhance the interface pinning effect and prevent fluid penetration into the crevice. The rounding radius has a more significant effect on the interface pinning compared with crevice width. The experimental data and image processing algorithm are made publicly available.
Follow-up and transition practices in esophageal atresia: a review of European Reference Network on rare Inherited and Congenital Anomalies (ERNICA) centres and affiliates
Authors: Durkin Natalie , Pellegrini Marco , Gorter Ramon , Slater Graham , Cross Kate M. K. , Ure Benno , Wijnen Rene , Gottrand Frédéric , Eaton Simon , De Coppi Paolo ,   ERNICA
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this study was to understand the provision and distribution of esophageal atresia (EA) follow-up (FU) and transition services across European Reference Network for rare Inherited and Congenital Anomalies (ERNICA) member and affiliate centers.

Methods
A REDCap questionnaire was sent to clinical leads of 18 ERNICA members and 14 affiliate centers.

Results
29 of 32 centers responded (91%), the majority of which were highly specialized. Two-thirds had a dedicated EA clinic with a specialist multi-disciplinary team (MDT), offered to selected/complex patients only in 40% of centers. ERNICA centers were more likely to offer an MDT FU clinic than affiliates, with lack of resources most cited as a barrier to uptake (67%). Delivery of routine investigations was heterogeneous, particularly provision of three endoscopies over the course of FU (24%). Only 55% had a dedicated transition pathway, more prevalent in ERNICA centers (81% vs. 30%; p < 0.01). Self-reported awareness of ERNICA and European Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition (ESPGHAN) guidance for FU and transition was poor (28%).

Conclusion
Despite the existence of European follow-up and transition guidelines, their delivery is not uniform and may be limited by lack of awareness of the guidelines and a lack of resources.
Active piezoelectric bone conduction implant Osia® 2 - evaluation of surgery and one-year audiological and quality of life benefits
Authors: Gawęcki Wojciech , Gibasiewicz Renata , Błaszczyk Magdalena , Wierzbicka Małgorzata , Bartkowiak Ewelina 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Purpose
To present the surgical outcomes and one-year audiological and quality of life results of implantation of the Osia® 2 active piezoelectric bone conduction implant.

Methods
Twenty adults with mixed and conductive hearing loss were implanted with the Osia® 2 system and followed up for at least one year. The surgical course, healing, and soft tissue condition were assessed. Audiometric tests included pure tone audiometry, speech audiometry and direct bone conduction measurements. Participants completed the APHAB and SSQ questionnaires.

Results
All surgeries were successful. No soft tissue problems were observed. Pure tone audiometry showed a mean functional gain of 47.4 ± 5.6 dB HL (p = 0.000089). The Polish Monosyllabic Word Test showed mean improvements for silent, medium and loud speech of 59.5 ± 1.8%, 46.5 ± 32.3% and 13.3 ± 20.9% in quiet and 38.5 ± 24.4%, 62.0 ± 9.1%, and 36.5 ± 34.4% in noise (all p < 0.05). The Polish Matrix Test indicated a mean SNR improvement of 8.78 ± 2.31 dB SPL (p = 0.000155). BC in situ measurements were significantly better post-implantation compared to preoperative levels with Baha® 6 Max on the Softband. APHAB scores showed significant improvements in global, ease of communication, background noise and reverberation scores (all p < 0.001). SSQ scores improved significantly in speech, spatial and quality subscales (all p < 0.000001).

Conclusion
The Osia® 2 implantation is an effective treatment for patients with mixed and conductive hearing loss. The surgery is relatively easy and safe, with no significant postoperative or magnet pressure-related complications. Osia® 2 significantly improves speech understanding in noise and reduces communication problems.
Unravelling the incorporation mechanisms of water in aluminous orthoenstatite: I. First-principles calculations
Authors: Xue Xianyu , Kanzaki Masami 
Published: November 2024

AbstractWe performed first-principles calculations on the energy, and NMR and polarized infrared (IR) spectra for anhydrous and hydrous aluminous orthoenstatite (OEn) models to help clarify the incorporation mechanisms of Al and OH defects in OEn. Our calculations revealed that proton pairs in M2 vacancies ((2H)M2) adjacent to a tetrahedral Al (AlIV) are energetically more favorable than those remote from Al, and may contribute to the observed correlated 1H NMR peaks near 3.7 and 8.0 ppm, and IR bands near 3550–3570 and 3066 cm−1 (A4 band) for aluminous OEn. Coupled substitutions of AlVI (octahedral Al) + H for 2Mg were found to adopt multiple configurations, and may contribute to the observed IR bands near 3520, 3475 and 3320 cm−1. Coupled substitution of AlIV + H for 1Si may contribute to the observed IR band near 3380–3400 cm−1. 4H in SiB vacancies ((4H)SiB) adjacent to an AlVI were found to be energetically more favorable than those remote from Al, and may be the origin for an IR band observed near 3600–3620 cm−1. These results allow the incorporation mechanisms of water in synthetic and natural aluminous orthopyroxenes to be deciphered from the available NMR and IR data, and suggest that both (2H)M2 defects associated with Al and simultaneous coupled substitutions of Al + H for 2Mg and 1Si contribute to the observed correlation between Al and water incorporation, and the nearly unity AlIV/AlVI ratio. (4H)SiB defects associated with Al may also be present in some synthetic OEn and mantle-derived orthopyroxene.
PhenoMATRIX™ for the screening of Group B Streptococcus (GBS) carriage in pregnant women: ready to get rid of the LIM broth?
Authors: Cherkaoui Abdessalam , Renzi Gesuele , Schrenzel Jacques 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
There is a constant need to reduce turn-around times and keep costs as low as possible for the carriage screening of GBS in pregnant patients. Laboratory automation might provide an edge in this field. The objectives of the present study were: i) to compare the performance of the direct chromID™ Strepto B agar (CA) plating against LIM-broth enriched plating on CA for the detection of GBS from vagino-rectal screening-swabs; and ii) to assess the usage of PhenoMATRIX™ for the automated screening of GBS. Between January 2021 and December 2023, 9′107 vagino-rectal specimens were collected from pregnant women at Geneva University Hospitals and were used to address the first objective. There was a small difference in the GBS detection rates between direct CA plating (13.2%; 1′202/9′107) and LIM-broth enriched plating on CA (13.2%; 1′198/9′107). Based on the LIM-broth enrichment results, the sensitivity and specificity of the direct CA plating were 98.3% (95% CI, 97.3%—98.9%) and 99.7% (95% CI, 99.5%—99.8%), respectively. Importantly, for 25 specimens, GBS growth was only detected by direct CA plating. We used a random set of 8′768 CA plate pictures for the machine learning of PhenoMATRIX™. The validation was carried out on an additional set of 830 CA plate pictures. The sensitivity and specificity of PhenoMATRIX™ were 100% (95% CI, 96.6%—100.0%) and 90.2% (95% CI, 87.8%—92.1%), respectively. We established that for GBS screening, the performance of direct CA plating is not inferior to the LIM-broth enriched approach. By relying on PhenoMATRIX™, the negative predictive value for GBS screening reaches 100% (95% CI, 99.4%—100.0%), enabling the automatic release of GBS-negative cases within 24 h.
Lymphadenectomy and chemotherapy are effective treatments for patients with 2023 international federation of gynecology and obstetrics stage IIC-high risk endometrial cancer in Japan
Authors: Tani Yoshinori , Nakamura Keiichiro , Yorimitsu Masae , Seki Noriko , Nakanishi Mie , Itou Hironori , Shimizu Miyuki , Yamamoto Dan , Takahara Etsuko , Masuyama Hisashi 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
In early-stage endometrial cancer (EC), the treatment of aggressive histological subtypes (endometrioid carcinoma grade 3, serous carcinoma, clear-cell carcinoma, undifferentiated carcinoma, mixed carcinoma, and carcinosarcoma) is controversial. We aimed to investigate the treatment of patients with International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage IC and stage IIC EC according to the 2023 classification.

Methods
We retrospectively identified patients with FIGO 2023 stage IC, IIC-intermediate risk (IIC-I), and IIC-high risk (IIC-H) EC who underwent adjuvant therapy or observation after surgery at eight medical institutions from 2004 to 2023. Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were evaluated using Kaplan–Meier estimates and univariate and multivariate analyses.

Results
The PFS and OS were significantly worse in patients with FIGO 2023 stage IIC-H EC than in those with FIGO 2023 stage IIC-I EC (PFS: p = 0.008 and OS: p = 0.006). According to the FIGO 2023 stage IIC-H classification, lymphadenectomy and chemotherapy resulted in better prognoses regarding both PFS and OS (p < 0.001 for both) than other treatments. Our findings suggest that lymphadenectomy and chemotherapy effectively reduced vaginal stump and lymph node metastases in FIGO 2023 stage IIC-H EC (p < 0.001 and p = 0.008, respectively). Furthermore, in the multivariate analysis, not undergoing lymphadenectomy or chemotherapy were independent predictors of recurrence and poor prognoses in patients with FIGO 2023 stage IIC-H EC (p < 0.001 and p = 0.031, respectively).

Conclusion
Lymphadenectomy and chemotherapy resulted in better prognoses regarding both recurrence and survival in patients with FIGO 2023 stage IIC high-risk EC.
Generalization Limits of Data-Driven Turbulence Models
Authors: Mandler Hannes , Weigand Bernhard 
Published: November 2024

AbstractMany industrial applications require turbulent closure models that yield accurate predictions across a wide spectrum of flow regimes. In this study, we investigate how data-driven augmentations of popular eddy viscosity models affect their generalization properties. We perform a systematic generalization study with a particular closure model that was trained for a single flow regime. We systematically increase the complexity of the test cases up to an industrial application governed by a multitude of flow patterns and thereby demonstrate that tailoring a model to a specific flow phenomenon decreases its generalization capability. In fact, the accuracy gain in regions that the model was explicitly calibrated for is smaller than the loss elsewhere. We furthermore show that extrapolation or, generally, a lack of training samples with a similar feature vector is not the main reason for generalization errors. There is actually only a weak correlation. Accordingly, generalization errors are probably due to a data-mismatch, i.e., a systematic difference in the mappings from the model inputs to the required responses. More diverse training sets unlikely provide a remedy due to the strict stability requirements emerging from the ill-conditioned RANS equations. The universality of data-driven eddy viscosity models with variable coefficients is, therefore, inherently limited.