bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The prognostic significance of MYC/BCL2 double expression in DLBCL in the genetic classification era
Authors: Wu Yi‐Fan , Yuan Qun‐Hui , Shen Hao‐Rui , Du Kai‐Xin , Shang Chun‐Yu , Li Yue , Zhang Xin‐Yu , Wu Jia‐Zhu , Gao Rui , Wang Li , Li Jian‐Yong , Yin Hua , Liang Jin‐Hua , Xu Wei 
Published: November 2024

AbstractDouble expression (DE) is a World Health Organization‐recognized adverse prognostic factor in diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL). However, the prognostic value of DE in the genetic subtyping era and potential mechanisms remain to be explored. We enrolled 246 DLBCL patients diagnosed between December 2021 and September 2023 in a Jiangsu Province Hospital cohort and included 930 DLBCL patients from three published studies in an external cohort. Double‐expression DLBCL (DEL) in the external cohort was mainly distributed in the OTHER subtype (42.0%), EZB subtype (28.3%), and MCD subtype (15.0%), whereas the MCD subtype exhibited the highest ratio of DEL. DEL was significantly related to unfavorable overall survival (OS) and progression‐free survival (PFS) in DLBCL, but only in EZB and OTHER subtypes that DEL retained remarkably adverse impacts on survivals compared to non‐DEL. We explored the prognostic value of clinical and genetic parameters in DEL patients and found only ST2 showed better OS than A53 in DEL patients, whereas the other subtypes showed no significant difference. DEL showed similarities with the MCD subtype in mutation profiles. Furthermore, RNA‐sequencing analyses exhibited upregulation in tumor proliferation‐related pathways in DEL patients, but downregulation in extracellular matrix organization, T‐cell activation and proliferation, type II interferon production, and pathways associated with cell death might contribute to the poor outcomes of DEL patients.
A Comprehensive Analysis on Galantamine Based Hybrids for the Management of Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Singh Yash Pal , Prasad Sonima , Kumar Harish 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTAlzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive chronic age‐related neurodegenerative brain disorder characterized by the loss of memory and other cognitive functions. The exact etiology of AD is still under investigation, however several factors such as low level of neurotransmitter acetylcholine (ACh), aggregation of amyloid beta (Aβ) in the form of Aβ plaques, hyperphosphorylation of tau protein into neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), oxidative stress, and metal ion imbalance are the major hallmarks of this disease. Of the multiple hypotheses for AD, the amyloid‐β (Aβ) and cholinergic hypothesis are the main targeting hypotheses for AD. Some researchers hypothesized that the primary event associated with the cholinergic neurotransmitter (acetylcholine) is memory loss and cognitive impairment. Due to the disease's complicated pathogenesis, long‐term therapy with a single target candidate is futile. As a result, multitargeted and multifunctional therapies have emerged. Various research teams are concentrating on addressing multiple disease factors through hybridization techniques. Consequently, this hybridization approach has been applied to all core scaffolds, including galantamine. In this article, we tried to provide a thorough overview of the most recent developments on galantamine, a prospective AChE inhibitor, and its hybrid analogs as possible therapeutic agents for treating AD. Furthermore, we also provided the design, synthesis, and SAR analysis of the galantamine‐based compounds used in the last decades for the management of AD.
MiR‐107 and Its Association With House Dust Mite Sensitisation: Implications for Asthma
Authors: Kim Byung‐Keun , Yang Min‐Suk , Srivastava Upasna , Piparia Shraddha , Sharma Rinku , Tiwari Anshul , Kho Alvin , Wong Richard , Celedón Juan C. , Weiss Scott T. , McGeachie Michael , Tantisira Kelan 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionMicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been linked to allergic diseases but their effects on sensitisation to allergens in individuals with asthma are unknown. We aimed to identify miRNAs associated with house dust mite (HDM) sensitisation in childhood asthma.MethodsSerum samples from 1126 children with asthma who participated in the Genetics of Asthma in Costa Rica Study (GACRS) were profiled for 304 miRNAs. We first divided according to HDM sensitisation and then tested whether miRNAs were differentially expressed (DE) between the two groups. Gene enrichment analysis for target genes of the DE miRNAs was then performed to identify potential causal pathways. Replication analysis was performed in the Childhood Asthma Management Program (CAMP), in which expression data of 258 miRNAs in 491 children were available. A mediation analysis was conducted to discern relationships between miRNA and phenotype differences according to HDM sensitisation in GACRS cohort.ResultsThere were 906 (80.5%) and 220 (19.5%) subjects in the GACRS HDM+ and HDM– groups. Compared with HDM– participants, those in the HDM+ group were more likely to be severe in variables including pulmonary function, oral corticosteroid use and blood tests. A total of 17 miRNAs were DE (p < 0.05) between the two groups, with miR‐642a‐3p, let‐7c‐5p and miR‐107 most significantly associated with HDM sensitisation. In CAMP, there were 39 DE miRNAs, and increased expression of miR‐107 in HDM+ children was replicated in this cohort. In both GACRS and CAMP, the cadherin‐binding pathway was enriched in an analysis of target genes for DE miRNA. In a mediation analysis, miR‐107 showed significant indirect effects on eosinophil count and total IgE that were mediated by HDM sensitisation.ConclusionIn children with asthma, miR‐107 is associated with HDM sensitisation. Furthermore, miR‐107 was indirectly associated with total IgE and eosinophil count through HDM sensitisation.
Motivating residents to volunteer for urban waterway restoration: A segmentation approach
Authors: Dorner Zack , McLeod Lynette J. , Milfont Taciano L. , Stahlmann‐Brown Philip , Hine Donald W. , Maris Robbie D. C. , Kitson Jane C. , Tassell‐Matamua Natasha A. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractUrban landscapes play a crucial role in the health of freshwater ecosystems. The task of protecting and restoring urban freshwater waterways requires concerted efforts from all sectors of society, including volunteers. The recruitment and retention of volunteers is often a challenge for community environmental organizations as urban residents are diverse and influenced by a blend of personal, societal, and environmental factors. We surveyed a representative sample of 1901 urban residents across Aotearoa New Zealand and used the Behaviour Change Wheel framework and audience segmentation to understand the underlying factors influencing volunteering for waterway restoration projects and to identify potential target audiences to recruit new volunteers. We identified four segments within the target audience (“Supportive,” “Receptive but unsure,” “Hesitant and lack opportunity,” and “Reluctant”) each with its own unique profile of capabilities, opportunities, and motivations for volunteering. Recommendations for appropriate intervention designs to increase levels of volunteering include providing tailored messaging and events for those who are “Receptive but unsure” or “Hesitant and lack opportunity” and information about volunteering opportunities to “Supportive” individuals. This knowledge lays the groundwork for future initiatives focused on increasing urbanites' volunteering with community freshwater restoration groups.
Implementing sensor‐based digital health technologies in clinical trials: Key considerations from the eCOA Consortium
Authors: Izmailova Elena S. , Middleton Danielle , Yunis Reem , Lakeland Julia , Sowalsky Kristen , Kling Julia , Ritchie Alison , Guo Christine C. , Byrom Bill , Kern Scottie 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe increased use of sensor‐based digital health technologies (DHTs) in clinical trials brought to light concerns about implementation practices that might introduce burden on trial participants, resulting in suboptimal compliance and become an additional complicating factor in clinical trial conduct. These concerns may contribute to the lower‐than‐anticipated uptake of DHT deployment and data use for regulatory decision‐making, despite well‐articulated benefits. The Electronic Clinical Outcome Assessment (eCOA) Consortium gathered collective experience on deploying sensor‐based DHTs and supplemented this with relevant literature focusing on mechanisms that may enhance participant compliance. The process for DHT implementation starts with identifying a clinical concept of interest followed by a digital measure selection, defining active or passive data capture and their sources, the number of sensors with respective body location, plus the duration and frequency of use in the context of perceived participant burden. Roundtable discussions among patient groups, physicians, and technology providers prior to protocol development can be very impactful for optimizing trial design. While diversity and inclusion are essential for any clinical trial, patient populations should be considered carefully in the context of trial‐specific aims, requirements, and anticipated patient burden. Minimizing site burden includes assessment of training, research engagement, and logistical burden which needs to be triaged differently for early and late‐stage clinical trials. Additional considerations include sharing trial results with study participants and leveraging publicly available data for compliance modeling. To the best of our knowledge, this report provides holistic considerations for sensor‐based DHT implementation that may optimize participant compliance.
Plasmablastic Lymphoma in the Submandibular Region Diagnosed by FNAC: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: de Aquino Sibele Nascimento , de Cáceres Cinthia Veronica Bardález López , Bezerra Hélen Kaline Farias , Vargas Pablo Agustin , Lopes Márcio Ajudarte 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveThis study aims to provide a literature review of FNAC‐diagnosed plasmablastic lymphoma (PBL) cases and present a case of PBL in an HIV patient diagnosed by FNAC.MethodsA literature review was conducted across eight databases to compile information on FNAC‐diagnosed PBL cases without restricting the site of involvement.ResultsThe literature review included 23 PBL, with 13 (56.5%) affecting head and neck region. The mean age of patients was 49 years, with a male‐to‐female ratio of 1.9:1, and 13 (56.5%) patients were HIV positive. Ten (43.5%) of 23 patients tested positive for Epstein–Barr virus (EBV). Twenty‐one FNAC procedures and two cytological smears were performed. Plasmacytoid/plasmablastic morphology was described in seven cases (30.4%). Large cells were observed in 17 cases (73.9%). Pleomorphism was noted in 10 cases (43.5%). A cytological diagnosis of malignancy was achieved in 91.3% of cases. In 20 cases assessed for concordance, complete agreement was found in 8 cases (34.8%), while discordance was noted in 12 cases (65.2%). We also report a case of PBL diagnosed via FNAC in a 55‐year‐old male patient who presented with a painful, hard, nonmobile mass in the left submandibular region, approximately 10 cm in size, with 1 month of evolution. FNAC was performed, and cytologic smears, along with cell block (CB) preparations, were made. After staining with Diff‐Quik, HE and Papanicolaou stain, numerous cells exhibiting plasmacytic morphology were observed. Immunohistochemical analysis showed negativity for LCA, CD3, CD20, Pax5, CD79a, ALK and HHV‐8, and positivity for CD138, MUM1 and Ki‐67 (100%). EBV positivity was also confirmed, leading to a diagnosis of PBL.ConclusionThis study highlights the efficacy of FNAC in diagnosing PBL. The immunophenotypic profile and morphological features observed through FNAC, combined with immunohistochemistry (IHC) and in situ hybridisation, were crucial for an accurate diagnosis. The literature review underscores the value of FNAC as a diagnostic tool for PBL, demonstrating a high rate of cytological diagnosis and significant cytohistological concordance.
Psychosocial outcomes with the Omnipod® 5 Automated Insulin Delivery System in caregivers of very young children with type 1 diabetes
Authors: MacLeish Sarah A. , Hood Korey K. , Polonsky William H. , Wood Jamie R. , Bode Bruce W. , Forlenza Gregory P. , Laffel Lori M. , Buckingham Bruce A. , Criego Amy B. , Schoelwer Melissa J. , DeSalvo Daniel J. , Sherr Jennifer L. , Hansen David W. , Conroy Lindsey R. , Huyett Lauren M. , Vienneau Todd E. , Ly Trang T. ,   for the Omnipod 5 in Preschoolers Study Group
Published: November 2024

AbstractAimAutomated insulin delivery (AID) systems have demonstrated improved glycaemic outcomes in people with type 1 diabetes (T1D), yet limited data exist on these systems in very young children and their impact on caregivers. We evaluated psychosocial outcomes following use of the tubeless Omnipod® 5 AID System in caregivers of very young children.Materials and MethodsThis 3‐month single‐arm, multicentre, pivotal clinical trial enrolled 80 children aged 2.0–5.9 years with T1D to use the Omnipod 5 AID System. Caregivers completed questionnaires assessing psychosocial outcomes—diabetes distress (Problem Areas in Diabetes), hypoglycaemia confidence (Hypoglycemia Confidence Scale), well‐being (World Health Organization 5 Well‐Being Index), sleep quality (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index), insulin delivery satisfaction (Insulin Delivery Satisfaction Survey) and system usability (System Usability Scale) at baseline with standard therapy and after 3 months of AID use.ResultsFollowing 3 months of Omnipod 5 use, caregivers experienced significant improvements across all measures, including diabetes‐related psychosocial outcomes (Problem Areas in Diabetes; p < 0.0001, Hypoglycemia Confidence Scale; p < 0.01), well‐being (World Health Organization 5 Well‐Being Index; p < 0.0001) and perceived system usability (System Usability Scale; p < 0.0001). Significant improvements were seen in the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index total score and the overall sleep quality, sleep duration and efficiency subscales (all p < 0.05). Insulin Delivery Satisfaction Survey scores improved on all subscales (greater satisfaction, reduced burden and reduced inconvenience; all p < 0.0001).ConclusionsCaregivers face unique challenges when managing T1D in very young children. While glycaemic metrics have unquestioned importance, these results evaluating psychosocial outcomes reveal additional meaningful benefits and suggest that the Omnipod 5 AID System alleviates some of the burdens caregivers face with diabetes management.
Speckle‐Tracking Echocardiography as an Effective Screening Tool for Cardiac Involvement Among Patients With Systemic Sarcoidosis in an Indian Cohort: A Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Areekkara Poduvattil Prasanth , Hashim Zia , Kumar Sudeep , Jain Neeraj , Ora Manish , Gambhir Sanjay , Gupta Mansi , Khan Ajmal , Nath Alok , Agrawal Vinita 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionDiagnosing cardiac sarcoidosis (CS) is challenging due to the lack of a sensitive gold standard diagnostic test. Although advanced imaging techniques like cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (cardiovascular magnetic resonance [CMR]) and fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG‐PET) CT are promising, they are limited by their availability and cost. Two‐dimensional speckle‐tracking echocardiography (2D‐STE) is emerging as a valuable tool for the early detection of CS.MethodsThis single‐center observational study assessed cardiac involvement and the utility of STE as a screening tool for diagnosing CS among newly diagnosed, histologically confirmed, treatment‐naïve patients with systemic sarcoidosis in an Indian cohort.ResultsThe study included 48 newly diagnosed sarcoidosis patients with a median age of 42.5 years (interquartile range [IQR] 34–53.5), of whom 52.1% were female. FDG‐PET CT findings suggested cardiac involvement in 21 patients, while CMR findings were positive in 11 patients. All patients had normal 12‐lead ECGs and echocardiograms. Twenty‐five patients met the HRS 2014 criteria for CS diagnosis. The median (IQR) left ventricular global longitudinal strain (LV GLS) was −15.4 (−16.2, −13.4) in the probable CS group and −17.9 (−19.4, −17.4) in the non‐CS group. An LV GLS cutoff of >−17.3 showed a sensitivity of 80.00% and a specificity of 82.61% (p < 0.001, area under the curve [AUC] = 0.790) for CS diagnosis. A right ventricular global longitudinal strain (RV GLS) cutoff of >−21.4 showed a sensitivity of 68.00% and a specificity of 78.26% (p < 0.017, AUC = 0.692). They both have very high negative predictive value (98.7% and 97.9%) and thus useful for ruling out the cardiac involvement than confirming it.ConclusionSTE effectively screens for cardiac involvement in sarcoidosis patients, ruling out CS diagnosis.
Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction: Searching the Strongest Imaging Modality in Different Scenarios
Authors: Rocco Mollace , Flavia Nicoli , Margherita Licastro , Monaco Maria Lo , Collaku Elona , Nudi Alessandro , Gad Alessandro , Procopio Cristina , Ioppolo Annamaria , Bertella Erika 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTCoronary microvascular dysfunction is a clinical condition very diffuse in many different settings. Often the diagnosis can be very tricky, and choosing the proper diagnostic strategy can be fundamental for reaching the goal. The aim of this review is to evaluate the properties and the feasibility of our tests in specific scenarios by looking at the performances of each methodology reported in the literature.
Radiocarbon ageing of Indigenous culturally‐significant trees for bushfire management on Minjerribah (North Stradbroke Island), southeast Queensland
Authors: Ngugi Michael R. , Hua Quan , Knight Jon , Dowling Ralph , Kington David , Burns Darren 
Published: November 2024

SummaryPartnerships between Indigenous People and governments for joint management of ancestral lands, designated as protected conservation areas for biodiversity and cultural heritage, provide an opportunity to leverage accumulated traditional land management knowledge with emerging science. In Australia, veteran or large old trees in natural landscapes are of significant ecological importance, and among the Indigenous communities, they are living monuments to historical cultural practices, but their survival, endurance and long lives are rarely acknowledged to afford them protection. In sub‐tropical Australia, the lack of consistent annual growth rings in stem wood makes it difficult to estimate the age of large trees using methods such as the periodic diameter increment. Ngugi et al., 2020 published radiocarbon (14C) dates using wood core (‘pith‐wood’) samples from 12 Indigenous culturally‐significant trees covering five species on Minjerribah (North Stradbroke Island). Due to the imprecise calendar age results of the single samples used in the original study (Ngugi et al., 2020), subsequent radiocarbon dating of an additional three wood core samples from each tree was undertaken to age the trees more precisely. The revised tree ages ranged from 63 to 531 years and suggest an important role of past Indigenous land management practices into protecting Bugari (Cypress Pine, Callitris columellaris F. Muell.) from deadly crown scorching fires. These results underscore the importance of incorporating Indigenous practices in current fire management strategies and plans. Estimating tree ages based on the periodic diameter increment method overestimated the age relative to that derived from radiocarbon dating. New bias correction factors were developed for adjusting the recorded periodic tree diameter increments.
Machine learning for forecasting initial seizure onset in neonatal hypoxic–ischemic encephalopathy
Authors: Bernardo Danilo , Kim Jonathan , Cornet Marie‐Coralie , Numis Adam L. , Scheffler Aaron , Rao Vikram R. , Amorim Edilberto , Glass Hannah C. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractObjectiveThis study was undertaken to develop a machine learning (ML) model to forecast initial seizure onset in neonatal hypoxic–ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) utilizing clinical and quantitative electroencephalogram (QEEG) features.MethodsWe developed a gradient boosting ML model (Neo‐GB) that utilizes clinical features and QEEG to forecast time‐dependent seizure risk. Clinical variables included cord blood gas values, Apgar scores, gestational age at birth, postmenstrual age (PMA), postnatal age, and birth weight. QEEG features included statistical moments, spectral power, and recurrence quantification analysis (RQA) features. We trained and evaluated Neo‐GB on a University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) neonatal HIE dataset, augmenting training with publicly available neonatal electroencephalogram (EEG) datasets from Cork University and Helsinki University Hospitals. We assessed the performance of Neo‐GB at providing dynamic and static forecasts with diagnostic performance metrics and incident/dynamic area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (iAUC) analyses. Model explanations were performed to assess contributions of QEEG features and channels to model predictions.ResultsThe UCSF dataset included 60 neonates with HIE (30 with seizures). In subject‐level static forecasting at 30 min after EEG initiation, baseline Neo‐GB without time‐dependent features had an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) of .76 and Neo‐GB with time‐dependent features had an AUROC of .89. In time‐dependent evaluation of the initial seizure onset within a 24‐h seizure occurrence period, dynamic forecast with Neo‐GB demonstrated median iAUC = .79 (interquartile range [IQR] .75–.82) and concordance index (C‐index) = .82, whereas baseline static forecast at 30 min demonstrated median iAUC = .75 (IQR .72–.76) and C‐index = .69. Model explanation analysis revealed that spectral power, PMA, RQA, and cord blood gas values made the strongest contributions in driving Neo‐GB predictions. Within the most influential EEG channels, as the preictal period advanced toward eventual seizure, there was an upward trend in broadband spectral power.SignificanceThis study demonstrates an ML model that combines QEEG with clinical features to forecast time‐dependent risk of initial seizure onset in neonatal HIE. Spectral power evolution is an early EEG marker of seizure risk in neonatal HIE.