bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Validation of the Patient‐Oriented SCORing for Atopic Dermatitis tool for black skin
Authors: Faye O. , Meledie N'Djong A.P. , Diadie S. , Coniquet S. , Niamba P.A. , Atadokpede F. , Yao Yoboue P. , Thierno Dieng M. , Zkik A. , Castagne C. , Zumaglini F. , Delarue A. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundSCORing for Atopic Dermatitis (SCORAD) is a tool developed by the European Task Force on Atopic Dermatitis (AD) which is used by physicians to assess AD severity during consultations with their patients. Patient‐Oriented SCORAD (PO‐SCORAD) is a self‐assessment tool for use by patients which has been validated in a study performed in European countries. However, there is currently no adapted tool for evaluating AD severity in black skin.ObjectiveTo evaluate the performance of the version of the PO‐SCORAD specifically adapted for black skin patients (children and adults) with AD.MethodsIn this multicenter, cross‐sectional and non‐interventional study, children and adults with AD were recruited during regular consultations. This international study was performed in seven sub‐Saharan countries (Benin, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Ivory Coast, Gabon, Mali and Senegal). During the consultation, AD severity was assessed by the physician using SCORAD score and by the patients or parents using PO‐SCORAD.ResultsOne hundred and thirteen patients were included, 72 children and 41 adults, mainly females (61.6%). SCORAD assessed by physicians and PO‐SCORAD assessed by patients/parents were well correlated (r = 0.66, P < 0.0001). Correlation coefficients for SCORAD and PO‐SCORAD subscale scores were also good, except for symptom intensity criteria.ConclusionAltogether, these data indicate that PO‐SCORAD for black skin correlates well with SCORAD and is therefore a valuable tool, which requires no specific level of education, for use by black skin patients with AD.
Postoperative radiotherapy provides better local control and long‐term outcome in selective cases of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma with perineural invasion
Authors: Cañueto J. , Jaka A. , Corchete L.A. , González‐Pérez A.Mª. , García‐Castro R. , Fuente Mª.J. , Membrive I. , March Á. , Mañes A. , Posada R. , Pujol R.M. , Román‐Curto C. , Toll A. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundPerineural invasion (PNI) is a feature of poor prognosis in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC). The benefit of postoperative radiotherapy (PORT) in the management of CSCC with PNI is still not well established.ObjectivesWe aimed to evaluate the usefulness of PORT in the treatment of CSCC with PNI so as to determine which patients would best benefit from this type of treatment.MethodsA retrospective multicenter cohort of 110 CSCCs with PNI was evaluated. Eighteen recurrent cases were excluded for subsequent analysis. We searched for the types of PNI associated with poor outcome and analysed the effectiveness of PORT on different groups of CSCC with PNI. We also assessed for the usefulness of PORT depending on the surgical margin status (either clear or positive).ResultsPostoperative radiotherapy showed clear benefit over observation in CSCC with PNI and positive margins after surgery, where the management by observation increased the risk of poor outcome events 2.43 times (P = 0.025), and especially in those with positive margins and PNI ≥0.1 mm, where the risk of poor prognosis is eight times greater following a management by observation (P = 0.0065). Multivariate competing risk analysis preserved statistical significance.ConclusionsThe use of PORT on patients with CSCC with PNI and positive margins after surgery, especially in PNI ≥0.1 mm, significantly improves long‐term outcome. The benefit of PORT in cases with clear margins is not as evident, especially in those with PNI of small‐calibre nerves. Clinical trials are imperative.
Isotretinoin and risk factors for suicide attempt: a population‐based comprehensive case series and nested case–control study using 2010–2014 French Health Insurance Data
Authors: Droitcourt C. , Poizeau F. , Kerbrat S. , Balusson F. , Drezen E. , Happe A. , Travers D. , Oger E. , Dupuy A. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundAlthough the causal role of isotretinoin in suicidal behaviour is controversial, suicide attempts (SA) do occur among patients taking isotretinoin.ObjectivesTo describe patient profiles and the management of isotretinoin among patients who committed or attempted suicide under treatment. To assess the risk factors for SA under isotretinoin.MethodsWe performed a comprehensive case series of suicides and SAs under isotretinoin, and a case–control study, using Nationwide French Health Insurance database. The main analysis compared cases (subjects with a SA during a course of isotretinoin) to controls, individually matched for age, gender and rank of the current course; controls were to be exposed to isotretinoin at the index date (date of SA for the corresponding cases). The patients’ psychiatric history at isotretinoin initiation was studied. In a secondary analysis, patients who continued their isotretinoin treatment after their SA were compared to patients who discontinued it.ResultsIn all, 328 018 subjects started a course of isotretinoin between 1 January 2010 and 31 December 2014 and 184 patients were hospitalized for a SA; half of them had a psychiatric history at initiation. In the multivariate analysis, psychiatric history and history of anxiety alone were risk factors for SA [Odds ratio (OR), 18.21; 95% confidence interval (CI), 9.96–33.30 and 4.78; 95% CI, 2.44–9.33, respectively]. Among 176 cases of SA with sufficient follow‐up, 103 (58.5%) carried on with their treatment after their SA. Treatment initiation by a dermatologist was inversely associated with the continuation of the treatment after a SA (OR, 0.38; 95% CI, 0.18–0.80).ConclusionsSuicide attempts under isotretinoin are rare events, and our results suggest that most of the patients concerned have a risk‐prone profile detectable at the time of treatment initiation. The risk–benefit ratio of continuing isotretinoin after a SA warrants further careful evaluation.
Stage IV cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma: treatment outcomes in a series of 42 patients
Authors: Chapalain M. , Baroudjian B. , Dupont A. , Lhote R. , Lambert J. , Bagot M. , Lebbe C. , Basset‐Seguin N. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe prevalence and incidence of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) are increasing due to the ageing of the population and sun exposure. Advanced cSCC forms (locally advanced and/or locoregional metastatic and/or distant metastatic) account for approximately 3% of cSCC and can result in death.ObjectiveAnalysis of the clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes in stage IV cSCC with unresectable locoregional extension and/or the presence of metastases.MethodsA retrospective study was conducted at a single‐centre university hospital for stage IV cSCC patients followed between 1 January 2008 and 31 December 2015. Descriptive analyses (demographic, anatomo‐clinical characteristics, treatment sequences, response to treatment and survival analysis) were performed.ResultsThe study included 42 patients (median age = 75.5 years) with a diagnosis of stage IV cSCC who were treated with at least one line of chemotherapy and/or cetuximab. At the time of diagnosis, 85.7% of the patients had locoregional extension (19% of locally advanced and 67% of locoregional metastatic) and 14.3% had distant metastatic disease. Regarding treatment, 40% and 36% of patients received no more than 1 and 2 systemic treatment lines, respectively. The 4‐year overall survival was 6%, and the median follow‐up was 18.6 months. The objective response rate was 55% after the first line of treatment with a median progression‐free survival (PFS) of 6.18 months and 12% after the second line with a median PFS of 6.51 months. Grade 3 and 4 adverse events were observed for 33% of patients.ConclusionOur study confirms a very poor prognosis of stage IV cSCC and a poor response to conventional therapies, indicating that the stage IV cSCC patient population remains with unmet medical needs.
Facultative amphidromy involving estuaries in an annual amphidromous fish from a subtropical marginal range
Authors: Murase Iki , Iguchi Kei'ichiro 
Published: October 2019

AbstractVariation in the life cycle of diadromous fishes can be explained by differential food availability between marine and freshwater habitats, since migration is often interpreted as a mechanism for exploiting food resources. Theoretically, a migration pattern of mainly remaining in freshwater occurs in tropical and subtropical habitats where fluvial productivity possibly exceeds marine productivity. However, in Yakugachi River, Amami‐Oshima Island, southern Japan, low nutrient concentrations in the river suggest that food availability is limited for the subtropical Ryukyu‐ayu Plecoglossus altivelis ryukyuensis. Since Ryukyu‐ayu is an amphidromous fish that mainly grows in rivers after spending 2 months in the sea, limited food availability in rivers would force this species to migrate to other habitats with better food availability. Otolith increment and Sr:Ca analyses of 48 adult Ryukyu‐ayu collected from the Yakugachi River revealed that all individuals visited estuaries more than three times after moving upstream. Although the specific growth rates of this species in the river had no correlation with the salinity profile in the fluvial period, this movement may be an adaptive choice because the salinity profile significantly affected the body size at maturity. Our results highlighted individual‐based variations in amphidromous migration for utilizing estuaries, which could be explained by relatively higher productivity in estuarine than in freshwater and marine habitats.
Use of triazoles for the treatment of invasive aspergillosis: A three‐year cohort analysis
Authors: Cheng Matthew P. , Orejas José L. , Arbona‐Haddad Esther , Bold Tyler D. , Solomon Isaac H. , Chen Kaiwen , Pandit Alisha , Kusztos Amanda E. , Cummins Kaelyn C. , Liakos Alexis , Marty Francisco M. , Koo Sophia , Hammond Sarah P. 
Published: October 2019

SummaryIn a 3‐year cohort study of adult patients with proven or probable IA, fewer patients initially treated with isavuconazole experienced adverse events compared with voriconazole, but more patients required a change in therapy due to lack of clinical efficacy.
Transplant associated infections—The role of the gastrointestinal microbiota and potential therapeutic options
Authors: Chan Samuel , Hawley Carmel M. , Campbell Katrina L. , Morrison Mark , Campbell Scott B. , Isbel Nicole M. , Francis Ross S. , Playford Elliot G. , Johnson David W. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractInfectious complications are common following kidney transplantation and rank in the top five causes of death in patients with allograft function. Over the last 5 years, there has been emerging evidence that changes in the gastrointestinal microbiota following kidney transplantation may play a key role in the pathogenesis of transplant‐associated infections. Different factors have emerged which may disrupt the interaction between the gastrointestinal microbiota and the immune system, which may lead to infective complications in kidney transplant recipients. Over the last 5 years, there has been emerging evidence that changes in the gastrointestinal microbiota following kidney transplantation may play a key role in the pathogenesis of transplant‐associated infections. This review will discuss the structure and function of the gastrointestinal microbiota, the changes that occur in the gastrointestinal microbiota following kidney transplantation and the factors underpinning these changes, how these changes may lead to transplant‐associated infectious complications and potential treatments which may be instituted to mitigate this risk.
The effect of smoking on gingival crevicular fluid peptidoglycan recognition protein‐1 level following initial periodontal therapy in chronic periodontitis
Authors: Karsiyaka Hendek Meltem , Kisa Ucler , Olgun Ebru 
Published: October 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the effect of smoking on peptidoglycan recognition protein (PGRP)‐1 levels in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) in smokers and non‐smokers with chronic periodontitis (CP) following initial periodontal therapy.Subjects and MethodsA total of 40 patients with CP (20 smokers (S + CP) and 20 non‐smokers (S‐CP)) and 40 subjects with healthy periodontium (20 smokers (S + PH) and 20 non‐smokers (S‐PH)), comprising 80 subjects, were included in this study. Baseline GCF samples were obtained from all subjects, and clinical periodontal measurements were recorded. In patients who had received initial periodontal therapy, GCF samples were obtained and all clinical periodontal measurements were recorded again during the 6th–8th weeks. GCF PGRP‐1 levels were analyzed by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay.ResultsAt baseline, GCF PGRP‐1 levels were significantly higher in both groups with CP than in both groups with healthy periodontium, whereas these levels were significantly lower in S + CP than in S‐CP. GCF PGRP‐1 levels decreased significantly in both CP groups after periodontal therapy, and this reduction was significantly greater in non‐smokers than in smokers.ConclusionSmoking might have a suppressive effect on GCF PGRP‐1 levels in CP. Initial periodontal therapy is effective in decreasing GCF PGRP‐1 levels in both smokers and non‐smokers with CP.
Neonatal intensive care unit patients recovering in the post anesthesia care unit: An observational analysis of postextubation complications
Authors: Long Justin B. , Fiedorek Michael C. , Oraedu O'Dez , Austin Thomas M. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundNeonatal patients are at higher risk in the perioperative period than older infants and children. Extubation as an early goal for noenatal intensive care unit patients presenting for surgery is undergoing a renaissance period, and an exploration of adverse events following selection for extubation immediately after general anesthesia has not specifically been undertaken in this population.AimsThe objective of this study is to determine the adverse events most commonly encountered in neonatal intensive care unit patients recovering from anesthesia in the post anesthesia care unit, quantify the risk of event occurrence, and identify risk factors that may increase the risk of postoperative adverse events.MethodsAll neonatal intensive care unit patients presenting to the operating room 6/1/2014‐5/31/2018 who recovered in the post anesthesia care unit were included for analysis. Univariate analyses were conducted utilizing the Wilcoxon rank‐sum test or Fisher exact test. Due to the low event rate, a small‐sample generalized estimating equation model was created with a major event composite as the outcome and explanatory variables with P values < .1 on univariate analysis. Statistically significant continuous variables were then dichotomized based on Youden index.ResultsThere were 707 operative cases in 607 patients. There were 81 total events recorded, and 64/81 were considered to be major events; all of which were respiratory. The risk of any postoperative event was 11.5%, major respiratory event requiring intervention by a nurse or provider was 9.1%, and reintubation was 0.8%. Birth weight < 1.58 kg (OR 3.71; 95% CI 2.11‐6.53; P < .001) and postmenstrual age at surgery <41 weeks (OR 3.20; 95% CI 1.54‐6.63; P < .001) were strongly associated with an increased risk of a major postoperative respiratory event.ConclusionThe most important factors associated with major events in the post anesthesia care unit following extubation of neonatal intensive care unit patients were birth weight < 1.58 kg and postmenstrual age at surgery < 41 weeks. A patient with both features has a 7‐fold increase in the odds of a major respiratory event in the post anesthesia care unit. Careful consideration of the postoperative ventilation and monitoring strategy must be given to patients with low birth weight (<1.58 kg) or who are <41 weeks postmenstrual age at the time of surgery.
Differentiation of schizophrenia using structural MRI with consideration of scanner differences: A real‐world multisite study
Authors: Nemoto Kiyotaka , Shimokawa Tetsuya , Fukunaga Masaki , Yamashita Fumio , Tamura Masashi , Yamamori Hidenaga , Yasuda Yuka , Azechi Hirotsugu , Kudo Noriko , Watanabe Yoshiyuki , Kido Mikio , Takahashi Tsutomu , Koike Shinsuke , Okada Naohiro , Hirano Yoji , Onitsuka Toshiaki , Yamasue Hidenori , Suzuki Michio , Kasai Kiyoto , Hashimoto Ryota , Arai Tetsuaki 
Published: October 2019

AimNeuroimaging studies have revealed that patients with schizophrenia exhibit reduced gray matter volume in various regions. With these findings, various studies have indicated that structural MRI can be useful for the diagnosis of schizophrenia. However, multisite studies are limited. Here, we evaluated a simple model that could be used to differentiate schizophrenia from control subjects considering MRI scanner differences employing voxel‐based morphometry.MethodsSubjects were 541 patients with schizophrenia and 1252 healthy volunteers. Among them, 95 patients and 95 controls (Dataset A) were used for the generation of regions of interest (ROI), and the rest (Dataset B) were used to evaluate our method. The two datasets were comprised of different subjects. Three‐dimensional T1‐weighted MRI scans were taken for all subjects and gray‐matter images were extracted. To differentiate schizophrenia, we generated ROI for schizophrenia from Dataset A. Then, we determined volume within the ROI for each subject from Dataset B. Using the extracted volume data, we calculated a differentiation feature considering age, sex, and intracranial volume for each MRI scanner. Receiver–operator curve analyses were performed to evaluate the differentiation feature.ResultsThe area under the curve ranged from 0.74 to 0.84, with accuracy from 69% to 76%. Receiver–operator curve analysis with all samples revealed an area under the curve of 0.76 and an accuracy of 73%.ConclusionWe moderately successfully differentiated schizophrenia from control using structural MRI from differing scanners from multiple sites. This could be useful for applying neuroimaging techniques to clinical settings for the accurate diagnosis of schizophrenia.
Infection profile in children and adolescents with bone marrow failures treated with allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Zaucha‐Prażmo Agnieszka , Zawitkowska Joanna , Lejman Monika , Kowalczyk Jerzy R. , Czyżewski Krzysztof , Dziedzic Magdalena , Pieczonka Anna , Zając‐Spychała Olga , Goździk Jolanta , Frączkiewicz Jowita , Salamonowicz Małgorzata , Gorczyńska Ewa , Kałwak Krzysztof , Wachowiak Jacek , Styczyński Jan 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe objective of the study was to analyze the profile of infections in children with BMF following alloHCT.MethodsData of 169 consecutive children with inherited and acquired BMF treated with alloHCT between 2012 and 2017 in Polish pediatric transplant departments were analyzed in registry‐based retrospective study, with respect to the type of infection, and clinical outcome.ResultsAt least 1 infection was diagnosed in 107/169 patients (60.4%). In total, 182 infections were diagnosed. The most common were VI (96; 52.7%), followed by BI (71; 39.0%), and FI (15; 8.2%), P < .001. The most common etiological factors of VI were as follows: CMV (38.5%), EBV (22.9%), and BK virus (24%); while of BI were as follows: Staphylococcus spp. (17; 23.9%), Enterococcus faecium (10; 14.1%), and Klebsiella pneumoniae (9; 12.7%). No difference was found between the occurrence of infections with respect to donor type, graft source, and conditioning type. GvHD had no impact on the incidence of VI, BI, and FI. Fifteen FI were diagnosed in 12 patients, of which 14 FI were diagnosed in children transplanted for FA. Of total 107 children, 9 died (8.4%), of which 4 (3.7%) due to infections: bacterial sepsis (2) and invasive FI (2).ConclusionInfections in children with BMF following alloHCT remain an important cause of morbidity. Children with FA had high incidence of FI. In our analysis, aGvHD had no impact on the occurrence on infections, although the study was not strong enough to prove such a difference.
Persistence of post‐operative color Doppler abnormalities is linked to reduced graft survival in pediatric patients after liver transplantation
Authors: Herrmann Jochen , Tozakidou Magdalini , Busch Jasmin , Herden Uta , Fischer Lutz , Groth Michael , Petersen Kay U. , Helmke Knut 
Published: October 2019

AbstractColor Doppler US is a readily available imaging modality for the evaluation of liver transplants. The aim of our study was to evaluate the temporal course of color Doppler US findings in children after LTX and to investigate the effect of resolving and persisting abnormalities during follow‐up on long‐term outcome. All children who underwent LTX during January 2000 until December 2003 (155 LTX in 137 patients, 75 male and 62 female; mean age at LTX 4.1 ± 4.8 years; range, 0.1‐16.3 years) were retrospectively evaluated. Following a predefined ultrasound protocol with prospective documentation, intraoperative, post‐operative, and follow‐up examinations were evaluated for color Doppler abnormalities. The time of occurrence and temporal course of the findings were recorded. Graft survival rates and graft survival times were compared. Abnormal color Doppler US examinations were noted in 98 of 155 grafts during the entire observational period (63.2%). In 57 of 98 grafts (58.2%), abnormalities were limited to the perioperative period (<30 days after LTX). Survival of grafts with transient perioperative abnormalities was similar to transplantations with regular color Doppler US examinations (graft survival rates, 80.7% vs 84.2%, P = .622; mean graft survival time, 2596.92 vs 2511.40 days, P = .67). Grafts with persisting color Doppler US abnormalities in the follow‐up period (>30 days after LTX; 37/98 LTX, 37.8%) showed reduced survival compared with regular courses (graft survival rate 62.2% vs 80.7%, P = .047), indicating underlying organ‐specific alterations. Standardized longitudinal evaluation during the perioperative and the follow‐up period can enhance the prognostic capabilities of color Doppler US in children following LTX.
Immune response to Ichthyophthirius multifiliis and role of IgT
Authors: Buchmann Kurt 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe parasitic ciliate Ichthyophthirius multifiliis causes white spot disease in freshwater fish worldwide. The theront penetrates external surfaces of the naïve fish where it develops into the feeding trophont stage and elicits a protective immune response both at the affected site as well as at the systemic level. The present work compiles data and presents an overall model of the protective reactions induced. A wide spectrum of inflammatory reactions are established upon invasion but the specific protection is provided by adaptive factors. Immunoglobulin IgT is involved in protection of surfaces in several fish species and is thereby one of the first adaptive immune molecules reacting with the penetrating theront. IgT producing lymphocytes occur in epithelia, dispersed or associated with lymphoid cell aggregations (skin epidermis, fins, gills, nostrils and buccal cavities) but they are also present in central immune organs such as the head kidney, spleen and liver. When theronts invade immunized fish skin, they are encountered by host factors which opsonize the parasite and may result in complement activation, phagocytosis or cell‐mediated killing. However, antibody (IgT, IgM and IgD) binding to parasite cilia has been suggested to alter parasite behaviour and induce an escape reaction, whereby specific IgT (or other classes of immunoglobulin in fish surfaces) takes a central role in protection against the parasite.