bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of dexmedetomidine, fentanyl, ketamine nebulization as an adjuvant to lignocaine for awake fibreoptic intubation: A randomised control trial
Authors: Musti Smita S , Jith Arya S , Mynalli Adarsh B , Mothilal Revathy A 
Published: November 2024

Awake fibreoptic intubation (AFOI) is a crucial technique in managing difficult airways, and local anaesthetic nebulization is the most commonly used method for anesthetizing the airway. This study focuses on comparing the efficacy of dexmedetomidine, fentanyl, and ketamine nebulization when used as adjuvants to lignocaine during AFOI. This study aims to compare the effect of nebulised dexmedetomidine, fentanyl, and ketamine as an adjuvant to 4% lignocaine. The primary objective is to determine the cough score during the procedure and secondary objective is to look for sedation and any adverse effects. 84 participants who required awake fibreoptic intubation of any gender and between the ages of 18 and 65 were divided into 4 equal groups at random: Along with nebulised 4% lignocaine, group A received dexmedetomidine (1 mcg/kg), group B received fentanyl (2 mcg/kg), group C received ketamine (2 mg/kg), and group D received normal saline. Each group contained 21 people. Cough scores and Glottis visibility were observed and additionally Ramsay sedation score (RSS) and any other side effects were monitored.No cough was observed in 76.2% of Groups A and B, 66.7% in Group C and 0% in group D which was statistically, a very high significant difference, amongst the participants in four groups P = 0.000 (p&#60;0.05). The glottis was open in 100% in Group C, 90.5% in Group A, 85.7% in Group B, and 71.4% in Group D with significant statistical difference amongst the groups(p = 0.006) (p&#60;0.05). Participants who were anxious, agitated and restless were 100% in group D, 38.1% in Group C, 14.3% in Group A, and 4.8% in Group B, with significant difference. p = 0.000 (p&#60;0.05). No adverse effects were noted in any of the group participants.Nebulised dexmedetomidine and fentanyl produced satisfactory airway preparation for awake fibreoptic intubation when compared to ketamine and plain lignocaine, although sedation was higher in the fentanyl group.
Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial on the Development and Effectiveness of an Educational Mobile Application Using an Integrated Change Model to Prevent Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors
Authors: Aein Afsaneh , Solhi Mahnaz , Farahani Ali Vashegani , Aljasem Mohammad , Alaeddini Farshid , Janani Leila , Omidi Negar , Taghdisi Mohammad Hossein 
Published: November 2024

Background: An effective approach to preventing cardiovascular issues is the use of mobile health applications to improve modifiable risk factors. This protocol for a randomized controlled trial aims to evaluate the development and effectiveness of an educational mobile app that employs an integrated change model to reduce risk factors for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) among individuals aged 20 to 69 years.
Methods: This study will be a parallel, randomized, single-blind clinical trial utilizing the randomized block design involving 430 participants. The participants will be divided into a control group receiving standard clinical care and an intervention group receiving standard clinical care along with app-based education, over approximately 6 months.
Conclusion: This application has been designed to enhance motivation, awareness, and positive habits to reduce risk factors in individuals at increased risk of ASCVD. Consequently, the results could improve cardiovascular health knowledge, manage biological risk factors, and modify cardiac behaviors through mobile applications. This research is expected to present a promising approach to utilizing mobile apps for managing cardiovascular health and contribute to the growing body of research on digital health interventions.
Conditioned Medium from Human Amniotic Membrane-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Modulates Inflammatory and Myofibrotic Factors in Vivo
Authors: Asgharnezhad Gazaleh , Mohamadi Sachli , Mohseni Mahdieh Mehrab , Mousvi-Niri Neda , Naseroleslami Maryam 
Published: November 2024

Background: Heart failure (HF) is a prevalent diagnosis with a significant mortality rate. Various therapeutic approaches exist for treating HF, and human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells-conditioned medium (hAMSCs-CM) therapy has emerged as a promising option. Despite its potential efficacy, the precise mechanism of action underlying hAMSCs-CM treatment remains unclear. To address this knowledge gap, we conducted a novel animal study to investigate the mechanism of action of hAMSCs-CM in an HF model, with a specific focus on transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)/galectin-3, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP1), B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), and aldosterone (ALD).
Methods: Forty adult male Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups: control, HF, culture medium, and CM. All rats, except those in the control group, received an injection of isoproterenol to induce an animal model of HF. The CM group was administered the CM, while those in the culture medium group received standard culture media. Subsequently, serum levels of fibrotic factors, including TGF-β/galectin-3, MCP1, BNP, and ALD, were measured using ELISA. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way analysis of variance and the Tukey test.
Results: Serum levels of TGF-β/galectin-3, MCP1, BNP, and ALD were significantly elevated in the HF, CM, and culture medium groups compared with the control group (P<0.001). Additionally, these fibrotic factors were significantly reduced in the CM group compared with the HF group (P<0.001). Notably, CM therapy could not restore TGF-β/galectin-3, MCP1, BNP, or ALD levels to the normal range observed in the control group.
Conclusion: Our findings indicate that hAMSCs-CM modulates the expression of inflammatory and fibrotic cytokines, such as TGF-β/galectin-3, MCP1, BNP, and ALD, in isoproterenol-induced HF in male rats. These results contribute to a better understanding of the therapeutic mechanisms underlying hAMSCs-CM treatment for HF.
The Impact of Female Director Background on ESG Performance of Chinese Technology Firms: A Moderating Effect Based on Risk Appetite
Authors: Tong Luning , Chen Maowei 
Published: November 2024

As global focus persists on gender variety and corporate social responsibility, the participation and influence of women in corporate governance, particularly their effect on the environmental, social, and governance (ESG) performance of corporations, have garnered extensive scrutiny. Studies have shown that women usually exhibit a more prudent approach to risk. In corporations with decision-making and tend to care more about long-term corporate interests and social responsibilities, the presence of women in executive roles confers a distinctive edge in enhancing a firm&#039;s ESG outcomes. This study explores the influence of women directors&#039; personal characteristics on performance in ESG corporations and the findings suggest that the proportion of female directors has a significant positive impact on the ESG performance of Chinese technology companies. Furthermore, the corporate risk appetite has a positive moderating effect on the relationship between the proportion of female directors and ESG performance. The higher education that female directors get, financial professional background, and long-term experience can more effectively promote the company&#039;s ESG performance. This study enhances the theoretical framework of corporate governance and ESG studies, while also offering innovative guidance for firms to enhance their ESG scores and develop effective risk management strategies.
Fracturing Process Visualization of Cracked Chevron-Notched Brazilian Discal and Notch Semicircular Bend Rock Specimens and Comparative Analysis by Combined AE and DIC
Authors: Sha Peng , Lv You , Chen Jiacong 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
A series of homogeneous granite specimens were prepared to investigate the Mode I fracture toughness (KIC) using the cracked chevron-notched Brazilian disk (CCNBD) method and semicircular three-point bending (NSCB) method recommended by the International Society for Rock Mechanics (ISRM). A combination of acoustic emission (AE) and digital image correlation (DIC) was utilized to monitor the crack propagation and analyze the fracture modes at various test stages. The results indicated that the average value of Mode I fracture toughness (KIC-) of the CCNBD specimen was approximately 10% higher than that of the NSCB specimen. The coefficient of variation in the NSCB test was small, which could provide more stable result of Mode I fracture roughness. Compared to the CCNBD test, the failure mode of NSCB specimens was mainly tensile damage with instantaneous damage during the experimental process. Furthermore, the failure process of the NSCB test was mainly controlled by tensile fractures, which exhibited instantaneous failure. The CCNBD test was first controlled by tensile fractures and then by shear fractures when the peak was reached, exhibiting progressive failure. The failure mode and the process may be the main factors controlling the difference between the results of the NSCB and CCNBD tests. This work helps select appropriate methods to measure the Mode I rock fracture toughness.
Rosmarinic acid content and antioxidant capacity in Dracocephalum moldavica hairy roots affected by iron and copper nanoparticles
Authors: Khanlari Nafise Varaste , Kiarostami Khadijeh , Namin Monir Hosseinzadeh , Abdoli Mohammad , Karamian Roya 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

The present study aimed to develop a protocol for hairy root induction from Dracocephalum moldavica leaf explants and evaluate the effects of iron nanoparticles (Fe NPs) (0, 250, 500 and 1000 ppm), copper nanoparticles (Cu NPs) (0, 25, 50 and 100 ppm) and the combination of both (Fe/Cu NPs) on antioxidant capacity, phenolic, flavonoids and rosmarinic acid content of hairy roots. Hairy root induction in D. moldavica was significantly (P ≤ 0.01) influenced by Agrobacterium rhizogenes strains, culture media and sucrose concentration. The highest hairy root induction (86/6%) was related to ATCC15834 strain on Murashige and Skoog culture medium supplemented with 30 g l− 1 sucrose. The individual and combined effect of Fe and Cu NPs on the measured traits was highly significant (P ≤ 0.01). The highest amount of rosmarinic acid (26.38 mg/g DW) was obtained in Cu NPs (100 ppm) with Fe NPs (1000 ppm) treatment that was 6.6-fold higher compared to control. The highest amount of flavonoids, malondialdehyde (MDA), phenolic compounds, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), proline, and anthocyanin production was obtained in Cu NPs (100 ppm) + Fe NPs (1000 ppm) treatment that was 1.86, 1.56, 1.76, 2.07, 1.62 and 1.65-fold higher compared to respective control. Correlation and principal component analysis revealed a clear separation between treatments groups and control also a positive correlation among rosmarinic acid production and other traits. The findings of this study indicated the best results were obtained with the combined effect of Cu NPs (100 ppm) with Fe NPs (1000 ppm) treatment.
Design and fabrication of a Dual Laser Raman spectrometer with a single One-dimensional CCD detector
Authors: Hazave Omid Badkoobe , Tavassoli Seyed Hassan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

The combination of two spectrometers in dual-laser Raman devices without the need for moving parts represents a significant advancement. This study focuses on design and fabrication of a dual spectrometer with no moving components, allowing data to be gathered using a single detector. This instrument consists of two Czerny-Turner optical arrangements which is symmetrically merged. Dual spectrometer single detector has two light inputs, each of them, concentrating the light separately on a one linear charge-coupled device detector through two independent optical paths. In this innovative spectrometer design, no optical moving parts are used, and therefore, the wavelength displacement error in repeating the spectroscopic experiment is zero. The independent nature of the optical paths enables the optimization of each spectrometer arrangement without affecting the other. The final spectrometer has a spectral resolution of 4.6 cm− 1 and 6.11 cm− 1 for Full Width at Half Maximum across the wavelength ranges of 532 nm to 708 nm and 784.65 nm to 1100 nm, respectively. Switching between the two different acquisition setups can be done seamlessly and quickly, with the ability to record approximately 2000 spectra per second. Standard neon and mercury-argon lamps' atomic radiation spectra, along with Raman scattering data from a cyclohexane standard sample, were successfully recorded using laser wavelengths of 532 nm and 784.65 nm.
Explaining the Nurses’ Experiences of Caring for Children with Cerebral Palsy: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Sheikhzakaryaee Neda , Nemati Seyedeh Mona , Valiee Sina 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background and Objective:
Caring for children with cerebral palsy presents many challenges for nurses. Therefore, this study was conducted to explain the experiences of nurses in providing care to children with cerebral palsy.
Method
This study was carried out using content analysis and the Colaizzi method on 11 nurses working at Besat Hospital in Sanandaj city, Iran. Purposeful sampling was employed, and in-depth, semi-structured interviews were conducted with the nurses, starting with an open-ended question. Sampling continued until data saturation was reached. The technique of audio recording was utilized.
Results
The results of this study yielded 5 main categories and 12 subcategories, which included learning challenges (effective training, learning gaps), comprehensive care (physical care, health care), mental health challenges (psychological burden, uncertain future, emotional support), accompanying problems (associated diseases, movement disorders, cognitive impairments), and communication challenges (speech disorders, non-verbal interaction).
Conclusion
Caring for children with cerebral palsy is different from caring for other children, and nurses experience many challenges in this area. This highlights the need to pay attention to the needs of nurses to provide better and higher-quality care for these children.
The Impact of Staged Sexual Health Education on Sexual and Mental Health in Breast Cancer Patients: A Randomized Controlled Study
Authors: Suo Rongfei , Li Fulan , Liu Mengjun , Kuang Shumin , Chen Xiao , Yang Rongli , Ye Fenglian 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background: Patients with breast cancer have a great need for staged sexual health education. This study aimed to assess the impact of staged sexual health education on improving the sexual and mental health of patients with breast cancer.
Methods: This was a randomized controlled trial (RCT). 94 patients with breast cancer were assigned the control or intervention group, which received standard and staged sexual health education, respectively. The Quality of Sexual Life questionnaire (QSL), Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI), Self-rated Depression Scale (SDS), and Self-rated Anxiety Scale (SAS) were used to assess the sexual and mental health status of breast cancer patients before (T1) and after the intervention (T2, T3). Repeated-measures ANOVA was employed to compare the differences in outcome scale scores between the groups at each time point.
Results: The QSL scores in the intervention group were significantly higher than those in the control group at T3 (P<0.05). The FSFI scores in the intervention group were significantly higher than those in the control group at both T2 and T3 (P<0.05). Furthermore, the proportion of patients who resumed sexual activity in the intervention group (3%) was significantly greater than that in the control group (2%) (P < 0.001). However, there were no significant differences in the SDS and SAS scores between the intervention and control groups at T2 or T3 (P > 0.05).
Conclusions: Staged sexual health education can help patients with breast cancer to correctly understand sexual health related knowledge, restore normal sexual life, improve FSFI and QSL.
Early life factors and variation in adult kidney function - The LifeGene cohort
Authors: Laucyte-Cibulskiene Agne , Hägg Sara , Christensson Anders , Nilsson Peter M 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Intrauterine fetal programming determines cardiorenal interaction later in life. We hypothesize that early life factors affect adult glomerular filtration rate and mean arterial pressure (MAP) directly or by interacting with postnatal growth trajectories. The population-based LifeGene study (Sweden) randomly recruited individuals aged 18 to 43 years (n = 12 167). They filled in a web-questionnaire and performed health tests (including bioimpedance measurements). Birth weight (BW), gestational age (GA), head circumference (HC), and birth length data were acquired from the Swedish Medical Birth Register. Postnatal growth was determined from BWz-scores and adult fat mass index. Creatinine and cystatin C-based kidney function calculated (eGFRcr, eGFRcysC). After adjusting for sex, GA, adult age, and eGFRcr, a 1SD increase in BWz-score predicted a 1.15 mmHg increase in MAP. Meanwhile, every 1 cm decrease in HC was associated with an expected 0.29 mL/min/1.73m2 decrease in eGFRcr. Lower birth weight-to-placenta ratio was inversely related to eGFRcysC (p = 0.034). Postnatal down-regulation significantly affected a relatively lower eGFR but within normal range (p < 0.001). The postnatal catch-up did not affect kidney function. This study reveals the complex interrelationship between early life factors and adult kidney function that could be directly and indirectly influenced by body fat accumulation and dysregulated mean arterial pressure.
Photo-induced Manipulation and Relaxation Dynamics of Weyl-semimetals
Authors: Sebesta Jakub , Grånäs Oscar 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

The use of ultrashort laser pulses to manipulate properties or investigate a materials response on femtosecond time-scales enables detailed tracking of charge, spin and lattice degrees of freedom. When pushing the limits of experimental resolution, connection to theoretical modeling becomes increasingly important to infer causality relations. Weyl-semimetals are a particular class of materials of recent focus due to the topological protection of the Weyl-nodes, resulting in a number of fundamentally interesting phenomena. This work provide a first-principles framework based on time-dependent density-functional theory for tracking the distribution of Weyl-nodes in the Brillouin-zone following an excitation by a laser pulse.Investigating the prototype material TaAs, we show that residual shifts in the Weyl-Nodes’ position and energy distribution are induced by a photo-excitation within femto-seconds through band-structure renormalization. Further, we provide an analysis of the relaxation pathway of the photoexcited band-structure through lattice vibrations.
A Consortium of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi, Plant Growth Promoting Fungi and Mycorrhiza Helper Bacteria to establish a Tripartite interaction as a boon for improvement of plant growth and augmentation of Aloin and Aloe emodin content in Aloe barbadensis Mill.
Authors: DEY SHINJAN , Choudhury Debapriya , Dutta Sikha 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

The use of biofertilizers is increasing as a sustainable alternative to harmful chemical fertilizers in agriculture. Plant growth-promoting fungi (PGPF), mycorrhizal fungi (VAM), and mycorrhiza helper bacteria (MHB) are known for their ability to enhance plant growth and are now commonly used as biofertilizers. Aloe barbadensis Mill., produces Aloin and Aloe emodin, which have significant pharmaceutical value. Given the global reliance on herbal medicines, this study aimed to develop an effective biofertilizer combination using microbial consortia and assess their impact on the growth and metabolite production of Aloe barbadensis Mill. VAM fungi and PGPF were isolated from the rhizosphere soil, while MHB were isolated from the outer surface of VAM fungal spores. After evaluating plant growth-promoting (PGP) traits, one strain each of VAM fungi, PGPF, and MHB were selected. Upon identification, they were identified as Funneliformis mosseae, Aspergillus terreus (MCC 1819), and Bacillus tequilensis (MCC 4174), respectively. Eight different experimental sets were prepared, with results showing that the combination of VAM and MHB significantly enhanced the soil nutrient status and primary growth of the plants. High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) analysis further revealed that Aloin was highest in plants treated with VAM and MHB combination, while Aloe emodin was highest in VAM + PGPF set. The combination of VAM and MHB shows strong potential as an effective biofertilizer, meeting the global demand for Aloin and the commercial value of Aloe barbadensis gel. This combination presents a powerful and sustainable strategy for boosting plant growth, offering an eco-friendly solution for advancing future agricultural practices.
Effect of Ivermectin on Scabies: A Retrospective Evaluation
Authors: Karakoyun Ömer , Ayhan Erhan , Yıldız İsmail 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of ivermectin on scabies, which has recently become widespread at an epidemic level, and was conducted by Dicle University, Department of Dermatology and Venereology. With the results of this study, it is aimed to measure the success of ivermectin in treating scabies, to determine the variables affecting this success and to contribute to the planning of taking positive steps on behalf of the national treatment protocols to be established in the future.
Materials and Methods: In the study, 360 patients diagnosed with scabies and treated with ivermectin who applied to Dicle University Dermatology Clinic between January 1, 2023 and June 30, 2024 were evaluated retrospectively. Data were evaluated with SPSS-21.0 statistical program and the value, mean, median value, standard deviation, incidence rate and frequency of each parameter in total patients were recorded.
Results: All 360 patients had their ivermectin treatments arranged by a specialist doctor and 78.6% (283) of the patients benefited from ivermectin. It was determined that 295 (81.94%) of these 360 patients had tried at least one other treatment option before ivermectin treatment and did not benefit, while 43 (66.1%) of 65 patients who had not received treatment before benefited from ivermectin and 240 (81.36%) of 295 patients who did not respond to previous treatments also benefited from ivermectin.
Conclusion: This study concluded that ivermectin may be an important treatment option in patients diagnosed with scabies.
The superiority of ivermectin treatment at the correct dose over other treatments was observed in patients who were resistant to different scabies treatments.