bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Blood Flow Restriction Exercise Prior to Total Knee Arthroplasty on Postoperative Physical Function, Lower Limb Strength and Patient‐Reported Outcomes: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Jørgensen Stian Langgård , Aagaard Per , Bohn Marie Bagger , Hansen Peter , Hansen Per Møller , Holm Carsten , Mortensen Louise , Garval Mette , Tønning Lisa Urup , Mechlenburg Inger 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThe trial aimed to examine the effect of eight weeks preoperative low‐load blood flow restricted resistance training (BFR‐RT) on physical function, lower limb strength, and patient‐reported outcomes in knee OA patients 3 and 12 months after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) compared with preoperative usual care. An assessor blinded randomized controlled trial (RCT) was conducted. Eighty‐six patients scheduled for TKA who were allocated to 8 weeks BFR‐RT on the affected leg 3x/week or preoperative usual care involving no exercise (CON). Primary outcome: 30‐s sit to stand (30STS). Secondary outcomes: Timed Up&Go, 40‐m walk test (40mWT), knee range of motion (ROM) 1‐repetition maximum (1RM) leg press and knee extensor strength, maximal isometric contraction (MVIC) for the knee extensors and flexors, Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS), and Euroqol 5‐dimensions (EQ‐5D‐L5) questionnaire. Data were collected at baseline (12 weeks pre‐surgery), ~3 days pre‐surgery, 3 and 12 months postoperatively. Intention‐to‐treat analysis revealed no significant between‐group differences in the change from baseline to 3 and 12 months postoperatively on 30STS, TUG, or 40mFWT. Significant between‐group differences were observed at 3 but not 12 months postoperatively for the corresponding changes in 1RM leg press strength, 1RM knee extensor strength, and MVIC knee extensor favoring BFR‐RT. No between‐group differences were observed for the delta changes from baseline in knee ROM, KOOS subscales or EQ‐5D‐L5 at any postoperative time points. These findings suggest that preoperative BFR‐RT offered no superior effects compared with usual preoperative care on postoperative physical function or patient‐reported outcomes. Preoperative BFR‐RT produced amplified gains in lower limb muscle strength at 3 months postoperatively.Trial Registration: NCT04081493
Identification of the Novel Non‐classical HLA‐G*01:24:02 Allele by Next‐Generation Sequencing
Authors: Mujumdar Yogini , Thakur Shramika Vasant , Talge Deepika Baban , Bhor Vikrant M. , Chaaithanya Itta Krishna 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTHLA‐G*01:24:02 differs from HLA‐G*01:01:03:03 by one nucleotide substitution in codon 304 in exon 5.
Next‐Generation Sequencing Reveals the Novel HLA‐DQA1*06:01:04 Allele in a Bone Marrow Donor
Authors: Gaballa Ahmed , Söderström Anna , Lundin Nina , Eich Torsten 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTA single nucleotide mismatch within exon 2 of HLA‐DQA1 differentiates the novel DQA1*06:01:04 allele from DQA1*06:01:01:01.
Detection of the Novel HLA‐B*15:358 Allele by Sanger Dideoxy Nucleotide Sequencing
Authors: Li Jian‐Ping , Zhang Xu , Lin Feng‐Qiu , Li Xiao‐Feng 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTHLA‐B*15:358 differs from HLA‐B*15:02:01:01 by one nucleotide substitution at position 685 in exon 4.
Using Narrative Structure to Create Engaging and Vicarious Transformative Experiences
Authors: Taeger Stephan D. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTNarratives have a unique capacity to hold attention, challenge assumptions, and create transformative experiences. In this paper, I will draw upon narrative homiletics to show how educators who teach theology or scriptural texts can create learning experiences that follow narrative structure. First, I will discuss the advantages of teaching in a way that mimics story structure. These benefits include increasing learner engagement and inviting transformative experiences. Second, I will offer a narrative teaching model that instructors can use when planning lessons. This model contains five basic elements: conflict, complication, clue, climax, and implications. Finally, I will briefly illustrate this model and provide practical suggestions for creating instruction that uses narrative structure.
Temporally resolved growth patterns reveal novel information about the polygenic nature of complex quantitative traits
Authors: Sweet Dorothy D. , Tirado Sara B. , Cooper Julian , Springer Nathan M. , Hirsch Cory D. , Hirsch Candice N. 
Published: October 2024

SUMMARYPlant height can be an indicator of plant health across environments and used to identify superior genotypes. Typically plant height is measured at a single timepoint when plants reach terminal height. Evaluating plant height using unoccupied aerial vehicles allows for measurements throughout the growing season, facilitating a better understanding of plant‐environment interactions and the genetic basis of this complex trait. To assess variation throughout development, plant height data was collected from planting until terminal height at anthesis (14 flights 2018, 27 in 2019, 12 in 2020, and 11 in 2021) for a panel of ~500 diverse maize inbred lines. The percent variance explained in plant height throughout the season was significantly explained by genotype (9–48%), year (4–52%), and genotype‐by‐year interactions (14–36%) to varying extents throughout development. Genome‐wide association studies revealed 717 significant single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with plant height and growth rate at different parts of the growing season specific to certain phases of vegetative growth. When plant height growth curves were compared to growth curves estimated from canopy cover, greater Fréchet distance stability was observed in plant height growth curves than for canopy cover. This indicated canopy cover may be more useful for understanding environmental modulation of overall plant growth and plant height better for understanding genotypic modulation of overall plant growth. This study demonstrated that substantial information can be gained from high temporal resolution data to understand how plants differentially interact with the environment and can enhance our understanding of the genetic basis of complex polygenic traits.
ZmSCE1a positively regulates drought tolerance by enhancing the stability of ZmGCN5
Authors: Feng Tianyu , Wang Yuxian , Zhang Mingcai , Zhuang Junhong , Zhou Yuyi , Duan Liusheng 
Published: October 2024

SUMMARYDrought stress impairs plant growth and poses a serious threat to maize (Zea mays) production and yield. Nevertheless, the elucidation of the molecular basis of drought resistance in maize is still uncertain. In this study, we identified ZmSCE1a, a SUMO E2‐conjugating enzyme, as a positive regulator of drought tolerance in maize. Molecular and biochemical assays indicated that E3 SUMO ligase ZmMMS21 acts together with ZmSCE1a to SUMOylate histone acetyltransferase complexes (ZmGCN5‐ZmADA2b). SUMOylation of ZmGCN5 enhances its stability through the 26S proteasome pathway. Furthermore, ZmGCN5‐overexpressing plants showed drought tolerance performance. It alleviated accumulation, malondialdehyde content, and ion permeability. What's more, the transcripts of stress‐responsive genes and abscisic acid (ABA)‐dependent genes were also significantly upregulated in ZmGCN5‐overexpressing plants under drought stress. Overexpression of ZmGCN5 enhanced drought‐induced ABA production in seedlings. Taken together, our results indicate that ZmSCE1a enhances the stability of ZmGCN5, thereby alleviating drought‐induced oxidative damage and enhancing drought stress response in maize.
First support for phylogenetically segregated ecotypes and delineating thresholds for inter‐ and intraspecific ranks in phytophagous Central Asian beetles (Coleoptera)
Authors: Karpiński Lech , Gorring Patrick , Enkhnasan Davaadorj , Cognato Anthony I. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAs defining various taxonomic ranks, especially at and within a specific level, can often be difficult, we used an evolutionarily young group of Central Asian beetles, the genus Anoplistes, to examine the limits between species, subspecies and ecotype. The molecular data (COI genetic distance, haplotype network and species delimitation) and detailed morphology (using SEM) of taxa assigned to the rank of species, subspecies and ecotype were used to verify their taxonomic status and attempt to more precisely establish the boundaries between these concepts. The minimum threshold for the COI genetic distance between species was found to be approximately 3%, while at the threshold of 4%–5% the morphology left no doubt as to the species distinctiveness. The threshold of approximately 2% was accepted as adequate for a subspecies rank, whereas intraspecific variability among individuals of the same subspecies (including its ecotypes) ranged from 0% to 2%. A newly presented colour/elytral pattern form, possibly another ecotype of A. halodendri distributed in western Mongolia, exemplifies adaptation to different environmental conditions via ecological speciation. Our results provide support that ecotypes can form phylogenetically distinct clades. Based on the results of the haplotype network, it can be tentatively concluded that the sand ecotype was the incipient form from which further ecotypes and subspecies developed.
Changes in motor unit firing pattern are associated with post‐exercise blood pressure response in older untreated but not treated hypertensive adults
Authors: Takeda Ryosuke , Hirono Tetsuya , Yoshiko Akito , Kunugi Shun , Okudaira Masamichi , Ueda Saeko , Nishikawa Taichi , Watanabe Kohei 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis study aimed to determine the difference in motor unit (MU) firing pattern between hypertensive and normotensive individuals, and the relationship between MU firing pattern and post‐exercise blood pressure (BP) response in older individuals. Fourteen older untreated (systolic/diastolic BP (SBP/DBP) ≥ 130/80 mmHg, 76 (5) years), 11 treated hypertensive (78 (4) years) and 14 normotensive (SBP/DBP < 130/80 mmHg, 71 (4) years) individuals were studied. Participants performed ramp‐up exercises until 50% of maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) of knee extension and five MVCs. During the ramp‐up exercise, high‐density surface electromyography signals were recorded and each MU firing rate (FR) and recruitment threshold was assessed. The slope of the linear regression between MUFRs and recruitment thresholds was calculated to assess the MU firing pattern. Pre‐ and post‐exercise blood pressure was measured. Change in (∆)SBP from pre‐ to post‐exercise was greater in treated hypertensive than untreated hypertensive individuals (P = 0.026). MUFR was lower in treated hypertensive than untreated hypertensive and normotensive individuals (P < 0.001). Although the slope was not significantly different between groups (P = 0.294), FRs of larger MUs were lower than those of smaller MUs in treated hypertensive and normotensive individuals (P < 0.05) but sustained in untreated hypertensive individuals. The FRs of larger MUs and slope were positively correlated with the ∆SBP only in hypertensive individuals (r = 0.768 and 0.715; P = 0.044 and 0.020). MUFR was lower in treated hypertensive than untreated hypertensive and normotensive individuals. Furthermore, MU firing patterns were associated with the ∆SBP after exercise in older untreated hypertensive individuals, but this relationship was not observed in treated hypertensive and normotensive individuals.
Ultrasonic Interrogation Technique for Detecting Hatch Angle Variations in Additive Manufacturing by Phononic Lattice Structures
Authors: Rozin Enamul Hasan , Sultan Tipu , Taheri Hossein , Cetinkaya Cetin 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Additive manufacturing/3D printing (AM/3DP) has revolutionized part production by enabling the creation of intricate internal structures and complex geometries from diverse materials directly from digital design files. Among powder-based metal AM/3DP methods, selective laser melting (SLM) is widely used in advanced applications such as biomedical devices and aerospace parts. Despite considerable progress in AM/3DP and SLM, at present, challenges in print quality persist, and vast resources for post-production quality assessment are allocated. The quality of SLM prints is influenced by various process and design parameters, such as the accuracy of hatch angle deposition, laser intensity/power, scanning speed of the laser beam, print line spacing, layer depth, printing chamber conditions, and the material's physical and chemical properties. Direct ultrasonic non-destructive evaluation (NDE) offers comprehensive internal inspection and real-time data acquisition ability; however, in AM/3DP, it faces severe limitations due to a build's intricate internal and external geometric features. In the current study, we present a phononic crystal artifact (PCA)-based real-time ultrasonic NDE quality monitoring framework and show offline its utility in detecting and evaluating hatch angle variations, a critical process parameter. A PCA is substantially simpler and smaller than the actual build but represents its critical geometric and structural intricacies and mechanical properties. The current offline study demonstrates that hatch angle variations can be monitored from ultrasonic responses' spectral modal frequency peaks and wave dispersion relations.
Giant polygonal anhydrite ridges in the Southern Permian Basin
Authors: Głuszyński Andrzej , Jarosiński Marek , Dąbrowski Marcin , Peryt Tadeusz 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Giant polygonal anhydrite ridges with diameters of 2–4 km have been identified in the NE margin of the Southern Permian Basin in Poland. The primary ridges reach heights of 80–120 m, and secondary ridges, &lt;40 m in height, subdivide them into smaller cells ~1 km in diameter. The ridges were up to ~40% higher before the alteration of gypsum to anhydrite. Both seismic and gravity surveys indicate the presence of similar structures over an area of thousands of square kilometers. Two alternative hypotheses, gypsum diapirism and free water convection, are proposed to explain their formation.
rmacrostrat: An R package for accessing and retrieving data from the Macrostrat geological database
Authors: Jones Lewis A. , Dean Christopher D. , Gearty William , Allen Bethany J. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The geological record is a vast archive of information that provides the only empirical data about the evolution of the Earth. In recent years, concentrated efforts have been made to compile macrostratigraphic data into the online centralized database Macrostrat. Macrostrat is a global stratigraphic database containing information regarding surface and subsurface rock units and their respective ages, lithologies, geographic extents, and various other associated metadata. However, these raw data are currently directly accessible only through the Macrostrat application programming interface, which is a barrier to potential users that are less familiar with such services. This data accessibility hurdle currently prevents full capitalization of the value offered by Macrostrat, particularly its potential to improve understanding of the geological and biological evolution of the Earth. Here, we introduce rmacrostrat, an R package that interfaces with the Macrostrat database to access and retrieve a variety of geological, paleontological, and economic data directly into the R programming environment. In this article, we provide details about how the package can be installed, its implementation, and potential use cases. For the latter, we showcase how rmacrostrat can be used to visualize regional stratigraphic columns, produce regional geologic outcrop maps, and investigate temporal trends in macrostratigraphic units. We hope that this package will make geological data more readily accessible and in turn will facilitate new research utilizing Earth system data.
Mitral-specific cardiac damage score (m-CDS) predicts risk of death in functional mitral regurgitation: a study from the National Echo Database of Australia
Authors: Moonen Avalon , Celermajer David S , Ng Martin KC , Strange Geoff , Playford David , Stewart Simon 
Published: October 2024

AimsWe set out to explore associations between a ‘mitral-specific’ cardiac damage score (m-CDS) and survival outcomes in mitral regurgitation (MR) and compare the performance of the m-CDS and an ‘aortic-specific’ CDS (a-CDS) in patients with MR within the large National Echo Database of Australia.MethodsAmong 620 831 unique adults investigated with echocardiography, there were 17 658 individuals (3.1%) with moderate or greater functional MR (aged 76±13 years, 51% female) who met inclusion criteria. A randomly selected cohort of 5000 of these patients was used to test seven different CDS models for prediction of subsequent all-cause mortality during an average 3.8-year follow-up. The best-performing CDS model in thederivation cohortwas then applied to avalidation cohortof the remaining 12 658 individuals (aged 76±13 years, 51% female).ResultsThe best-performing m-CDS model stratified the full cohort into Stage 0: control (1046 patients, 8%); Stage 1: left atrial damage (3416 patients, 27%); Stage 2: left ventricular damage (3352 patients, 26%); Stage 3: right ventricular damage (1551 patients, 12%) and Stage 4: pulmonary hypertension (3293 patients, 26%). Increasing m-CDS stage was consistently and incrementally associated with both all-cause and cardiovascular mortality at 1 year, 5 years and all-time and remained so after adjustment for increasing age and severity of MR, with a ~35% increase in mortality for each increase in CDS stage (p<0.001).ConclusionA m-CDS was robustly and incrementally associated with short-, medium- and long-term risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in patients with functional MR in this large registry study.
Prognostic value of multimodality imaging in the contemporary management of cardiac sarcoidosis
Authors: Okafor Joseph , Azzu Alessia , Ahmed Raheel , Ohri Shreya , Wechalekar Kshama , Wells Athol U , Baksi John , Sharma Rakesh , Pennell Dudley J , Senior Roxy , Collins Peter , Luescher Thomas , Kouranos Vasilis , Khattar Raj 
Published: October 2024

BackgroundEchocardiography, cardiac magnetic resonance and cardiac18fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) imaging play key roles in the diagnosis and management of cardiac sarcoidosis (CS), but the relative value of each modality in predicting outcomes has yet to be determined. This study sought to determine the prognostic importance of multimodality imaging data over and above demographic characteristics and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF).MethodsConsecutive patients newly diagnosed with CS were included. Parameters evaluated included echocardiographic regional wall motion abnormality (RWMA), myocardial strain, LVEF, right ventricular ejection fraction (RVEF), late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) extent, SUVmax and RV FDG uptake. The primary endpoint was a composite of all-cause mortality and serious ventricular arrhythmia.ResultsThe study population consisted of 208 patients with mean age of 55±13 years and LVEF of 55±12%. During a median follow-up period of 46 (IQR: 18–55) months, 14 patients died and 28 suffered serious ventricular arrhythmias. On multivariable analysis, RWMA (HR for RWMA presence 2.55, 95% CI 1.27 to 5.28, p=0.008), LGE extent (HR per 1% increase 1.02, 95% CI 1.00 to 1.04, p=0.018), RVEF (HR per 1% decrease 0.97, 95% CI 0.94 to 0.99, p=0.008) and RV FDG uptake (HR for RV FDG presence 2.48, 95% CI 1.15 to 5.33, p=0.020) were independent predictors of the primary endpoint, while LVEF was not predictive. The risk of adverse events was significantly greater in those with LGE extent ≥15% (HR for ≥15% presence 3.96, 95% CI 2.17 to 7.23, p<0.001).ConclusionIn our CS population, RWMA, LGE extent, RVEF and RV FDG uptake were strong independent predictors of an adverse outcome. These findings offer an important insight into the key multimodality imaging parameters that may be used in a future risk stratification model of patients with CS.
Comparing matching prescriptions between pre-equilibrium and hydrodynamic models in high-energy nuclear collisions
Authors: Borghini Nicolas , Krupczak Renata , Roch Hendrik 
Published: October 2024

AbstractState-of-the-art simulations of high-energy nuclear collisions rely on hybrid setups, involving in particular a pre-equilibrium stage to let the system evolve from a far-from-equilibrium initial condition towards a near-equilibrated state after which fluid dynamics can be applied meaningfully. A known issue is the mismatch between the equation of state in the fluid-dynamical evolution and the effective one in the previous stage, which leads to discontinuities at the interface between the two models. Here we introduce a new matching prescription at this interface, based on the entropy, and we compare it with the standard one relying on local energy conservation. We study the behavior of various quantities at the switching time between the models and investigate a number of final-state hadronic observables. For the latter, we show that they are not modified significantly by the choice of matching prescription, provided an appropriate normalization is chosen for the initial state. In turn, our approach reduces sizeably the ratio of bulk over thermodynamic pressure at the beginning of the fluid-dynamical stage.
Factors Impeding Learning at Various Stages of Simulation Training as Experienced by Nursing Students
Authors: Bae Mi-Jeong , Shin Nah-Mee 
Published: October 2024

Aim: To identify the learning barriers, nursing students encounter throughout distinct stages of simulation‐based education.Design: Qualitative study exploring learning barriers in simulation training.Methods: Data were collected through interviews with 13 fourth‐year nursing students at Dongnam Health University, divided into four groups. These students had prior simulation experience with a variety of medical scenarios, including shortness of breath, chest pain, preterm labor, postoperative pain management, and neonatal care. Interviews were conducted using a semistructured format and lasted approximately one hour per group. We then used content analysis to identify primary and secondary themes.Results: Three main themes and 13 subthemes were identified, highlighting learning challenges across different stages of simulation training: limitations in integrating theoretical foundations during the prebriefing phase, the impact of psychological stress on clinical reasoning abilities during the scenario phase, and constraints in reflective thinking during the debriefing phase.Conclusion: This paper highlights significant learning obstacles across the simulation training process and advocates for targeted educational strategies to overcome these barriers. Specific recommendations include implementing additional measures to enhance student immersion, ensuring psychological safety, and enhancing debriefing sessions to encourage reflective thinking.Implications: This paper emphasizes the need for immersive and realistic training in nursing education. It suggests enhancements in applying theoretical knowledge, managing stress‐induced clinical reasoning, and fostering reflective thinking to better prepare students for clinical realities. It also acknowledges that the sample size may limit generalizability and recommends further studies with larger cohorts.Impact: This study aims to better prepare nursing students for the complexities of clinical practice by emphasizing the development of holistic patient care and adaptive problem‐solving skills. The research implications suggest a potential transformation in nursing education and practice, aiming to improve healthcare outcomes.