bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Eye Tracking Abnormalities in School-Aged Children With Strabismus and With and Without Amblyopia
Authors: Al-Haddad Christiane , Hoyeck Stephanie , Torbey Julien , Houry Rana , Boustany Rose-Mary N. 
Published: September 2019

Purpose:
To detect eye tracking abnormalities in children with strabismus in the absence or presence of amblyopia.

Methods:
A total of 100 patients aged 7 to 17 years were enrolled prospectively for 2 years from the pediatric ophthalmology clinic of the American University of Beirut Medical Center: 50 children with strabismus (including 24 with amblyopia) and 50 age- and gender-matched controls. Eye tracking with different paradigms was performed.

Results:
Mean age was 10.66 ± 2.90 years in the strabismus group and 10.02 ± 2.75 years in the control group. Demographic characteristics were similar with respect to vision, gender, and refraction. Four paradigms were tested using the eye tracker: (1) distance/near paradigm: patients with strabismus showed a lower fixation count and longer fixation at both distances and a tendency for decreased latency and percentage of fixation in distant elements; (2) reading paradigm: the strabismus group had a higher fixation count and duration, especially those without amblyopia; (3) location identification paradigm: strabismus group without amblyopia fixated less and with shorter duration on the most flagrant element; and (4) video paradigm: no differences in eye movements were noted.

Conclusions:
Significant eye movement deficits were demonstrated in patients with strabismus compared to controls while reading text and identifying prominent elements in a crowded photograph. This was significant in the non-amblyopic subgroup.

[
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
. 2019;56(5):297–304.]
In Vivo Function of the Lipid Raft Protein Flotillin-1 during CD8+ T Cell–Mediated Host Surveillance
Authors: Ficht Xenia , Ruef Nora , Stolp Bettina , Samson Guerric P. B. , Moalli Federica , Page Nicolas , Merkler Doron , Nichols Ben J. , Diz-Muñoz Alba , Legler Daniel F. , Niggli Verena , Stein Jens V. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Flotillin-1 (Flot1) is an evolutionary conserved, ubiquitously expressed lipid raft–associated scaffolding protein. Migration of Flot1-deficient neutrophils is impaired because of a decrease in myosin II–mediated contractility. Flot1 also accumulates in the uropod of polarized T cells, suggesting an analogous role in T cell migration. In this study, we analyzed morphology and migration parameters of murine wild-type and Flot1−/− CD8+ T cells using in vitro assays and intravital two-photon microscopy of lymphoid and nonlymphoid tissues. Flot1−/− CD8+ T cells displayed significant alterations in cell shape and motility parameters in vivo but showed comparable homing to lymphoid organs and intact in vitro migration to chemokines. Furthermore, their clonal expansion and infiltration into nonlymphoid tissues during primary and secondary antiviral immune responses was comparable to wild-type CD8+ T cells. Taken together, Flot1 plays a detectable but unexpectedly minor role for CD8+ T cell behavior under physiological conditions.
Ultracontractive Properties for Directed Graph Semigroups with Applications to Coupled Oscillators
Authors: Bramburger Jason J. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractIt is now well known that ultracontractive properties of semigroups with infinitesimal generator given by an undirected graph Laplacian operator can be obtained through an understanding of the geometry of the underlying infinite weighted graph. The aim of this work is to extend these results to semigroups with infinitesimal generators given by a directed graph Laplacian operator through an analogous inspection of the geometry of the underlying directed graph. In particular, we introduce appropriate nomenclature to discuss the geometry of an infinite directed graph, as well as provide sufficient conditions to extend ultracontractive properties of undirected graph Laplacians to those of the directed variety. Such directed graph Laplacians can often be observed in the study of coupled oscillators, where recent work made explicit the link between synchronous patterns to systems of identically coupled oscillators and ultracontractive properties of undirected graph semigroups. Therefore, in this work we demonstrate the applicability of our results on directed graph semigroups by extending the aforementioned investigation beyond the idealized case of identically coupled oscillators.
Modelado de baterías para aplicación en vehículos urbanos eléctricos ligeros
Authors: Gómez F.J. , Yebra L.J. , Giménez A. , Torres-Moreno J.L. 
Published: September 2019

<p>En este artículo se propone un modelo dinámico de batería que permite simular el comportamiento de distintos tipos de baterías para su aplicación en vehículos eléctricos urbanos ligeros. El modelo es fácilmente parametrizable a partir de las curvas de descarga experimentales del equipo real y se ajusta adecuadamente al comportamiento particular de la curva de carga/descarga de las baterías de Litio-Ferrofosfato (LiFePo4). Se han utilizado los datos obtenidos sobre una instalación experimental para la calibración del modelo propuesto y se presentan resultados de la validación del mismo. El modelo se ha implementado en el lenguaje de modelado orientado a objetos Modelica reutilizando clases de su librería estándar Modelica Standard Library. La calibración y validación se ha realizado con la herramienta de modelado Dymola.</p>
Enfoque híbrido metaheurístico AG-RS para el problema de asignación del buffer que minimiza el inventario en proceso en líneas de producción abiertas en serie
Authors: Hernández-Vázquez José Omar , Hernández-González Salvador , Jiménez-García José Alfredo , Hernández-Ripalda Manuel Darío , Hernández-Vázquez José Israel 
Published: September 2019

El problema de asignación del buffer (BAP, por sus siglas en inglés) es clasificado como un problema de optimización combinatorio NP-Duro en el diseño de las líneas de producción. Éste consiste en definir la asignación de lugares de almacenamiento (buffers) dentro de una línea de producción, con el fin de aumentar al máximo la eficiencia del proceso. Los métodos de optimización que han sido reportados con mayor éxito en los últimos años son las técnicas metaheurísticas. En este trabajo, se propone un enfoque híbrido que utiliza las técnicas metaheurísticas de: Algoritmos Genéticos (AG) y Recocido Simulado (RS), con el objetivo de determinar los buffers requeridos que minimicen el promedio de inventario en proceso (<em>WIP</em>, por sus siglas en inglés) en líneas de producción abiertas en serie <em>M/M/1/K</em>. La evaluación se realiza con un método analítico de descomposición. Los resultados obtenidos demuestran la eficiencia computacional del algoritmo híbrido propuesto con respecto a un RS o AG estándar.
Trajetos escolares e destinos profissionais: o caso das ciências sociais no Brasil
Authors: Bordignon Rodrigo Da Rosa 
Published: September 2019

O presente texto focaliza as relações entre trajeto escolar e destinos profissionais nas ciências sociais brasileiras. Trata-se de uma primeira exploração de uma base de dados composta pelo conjunto dos professores vinculados aos programas de pós-graduação nas áreas de antropologia e arqueologia, ciência política e relações internacionais e sociologia. A hipótese geral que orienta a pesquisa é que as diferentes modalidades de trajeto escolar conectam-se às hierarquias dos cursos e instituições de destino. O objetivo é dimensionar o modo como a estrutura dos cursos de pós-graduação em ciências sociais diferencia modalidades de investimento escolar e impacta no perfil do corpo professoral. Para tanto, foi conduzida uma análise de correspondência múltipla (ACM), tomando a instituição escolar de origem, a data de fundação dos cursos, os conceitos de avaliação e o ponto de chegada em termos de vínculo profissional. Os resultados indicam que as conexões entre instituições de origem e de destino são dependentes das relações entre centro e periferia em nível nacional e internacional, impactando de modo diferencial nas chances de acesso às carreiras e de afirmação no campo das ciências sociais.
Strong influence of solar X-ray flares on low-frequency electromagnetic signals in middle latitudes
Authors: Rozhnoi Alexander , Solovieva Maria , Fedun Viktor , Gallagher Peter , McCauley Joseph , Boudjada Mohammed Y. , Shelyag Sergiy , Eichelberger Hans U. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract. In this paper we analysed sudden phase anomalies (SPAs) of VLF–LF signals recorded at Graz (Austria), Birr (Ireland) and Moscow (Russia) stations during two strong solar flares in September 2017. The first X-class 9.3 flare occurred on 6 September at 12:02 UT, and the second X-class 8.2 flare was observed on 10 September 2017 at 16:06 UT. Data from seven transmitters in a frequency range between 20 and 45 kHz are used for the analysis. The SPAs were observed in all middle-latitude paths (differently orientated) with path lengths from 350 to 7000 km. Solar X-ray burst data were taken from GOES satellite observations in the wavelength band of 0.05–0.4 nm. It was found that (i) the amplitude of SPAs in different paths varies from 10 to 282∘, and (ii) the correlation between the amplitudes of SPAs, the lengths of paths and the signal frequency is weak. The change in effective height of reflection due to lowering of the reflecting layer during the flares was found to be about 12 km for the first event and about 9 km for the second event. Spectral analysis of the X-ray and LF data, filtered in the range between 5 s and 16 min, showed that the LF signal spectra are very similar to X-ray spectra. Maxima of both X-ray and LF spectra are in 2–16 min interval.
Análisis multitemporal de la cobertura de manglar en la Reserva Cayos Miskitos, 2006-2017
Authors: Salas T Rudy Alexander , Olivas Castro Walter José , Williamson Cuthbert Marcos 
Published: September 2019

Este estudio ha analizado el cambio de coberturas de los manglares de la Reserva Cayos Miskitus por efectos del huracán Félix de categoría 5 según la escala Saffir-Simpson, que impactó en la Costa Caribe de Nicaragua en el 2007, mediante el análisis digital de imágenes de satélites Landsat para los años 2006, 2012 y 2017. Se evaluaron las condiciones recientes y las tendencias de cambio, estimándose una reducción de aproximadamente 1,783.2 hectáreas del bosque de mangle para el período. Se analizaron los cambios de la cobertura con métricas del paisaje estimadas a partir de los mapas de cobertura de manglar generados para cada fecha. Los resultados indican un incremento en el número de parches y una reducción del tamaño de las masas boscosa del conjunto de islas y cayos, así como variaciones de los valores de índice de partición, que indican una cobertura fragmentada. A partir de los resultados del 2017 se evaluó el impacto sobre los patrones espaciales del manglar producto del huracán. A nivel de islotes y cayos encontrándose que el mayor impacto sobre el manglar se observó en la isla mayor de los Cayos Miskitus, donde la cobertura se redujo 1762 hectáreas, presentando además valores de las métricas del paisaje que señalan incremento en los procesos de fragmentación.
Metallopeptidase inhibitor 1 (TIMP‐1) promotes receptor tyrosine kinase c‐Kit signaling in colorectal cancer
Authors: Nordgaard Cathrine , Doll Sophia , Matos Ana Laura de Souza Almeida , Høeberg Mikkel , Kazi Julhash Uddin , Friis Stine , Stenvang Jan , Rönnstrand Lars , Mann Matthias , Manuel Afonso Moreira José 
Published: September 2019

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most prevalent cancer worldwide causing an estimated 700 000 deaths annually. Different types of treatment are available for patients with advanced metastatic colorectal cancer, including targeted biological agents, such as cetuximab, a monoclonal antibody that targets EGFR. We have previously reported a study indicating multiple levels of interaction between metallopeptidase inhibitor 1 (TIMP‐1) and the epidermal growth factor (EGF) signaling axis, which could explain how TIMP‐1 levels can affect the antitumor effects of EGFR inhibitors. We also reported an association between TIMP‐1‐mediated cell invasive behavior and KRAS status. To gain insight into the molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of TIMP‐1 in CRC, we examined by transcriptomics, proteomics, and kinase activity profiling a matched pair of isogenic human CRC isogenic DLD‐1 CRC cell clones, bearing either an hemizygous KRAS wild‐type allele or KRAS G13D mutant allele, exposed, or not, to TIMP‐1. Omics analysis of the two cell lines identified the receptor tyrosine kinase c‐Kit, a proto‐oncogene that can modulate cell proliferation and invasion in CRC, as a target for TIMP‐1. We found that exposure of DLD‐1 CRC cells to exogenously added TIMP‐1 promoted phosphorylation of c‐Kit, indicative of a stimulatory effect of TIMP‐1 on the c‐Kit signaling axis. In addition, TIMP‐1 inhibited c‐Kit shedding in CRC cells grown in the presence of exogenous TIMP‐1. Given the regulatory roles that c‐Kit plays in cell proliferation and migration, and the realization that c‐Kit is an important oncogene in CRC, it is likely that some of the biological effects of TIMP‐1 overexpression in CRC may be exerted through its effect on c‐Kit signaling.
Identification of Eph receptor signaling as a regulator of autophagy and a therapeutic target in colorectal carcinoma
Authors: DiPrima Michael , Wang Dunrui , Tröster Alix , Maric Dragan , Terrades‐Garcia Nekane , Ha Taekyu , Kwak Hyeongil , Sanchez‐Martin David , Kudlinzki Denis , Schwalbe Harald , Tosato Giovanna 
Published: September 2019

Advanced colorectal carcinoma is currently incurable, and new therapies are urgently needed. We report that phosphotyrosine‐dependent Eph receptor signaling sustains colorectal carcinoma cell survival, thereby uncovering a survival pathway active in colorectal carcinoma cells. We find that genetic and biochemical inhibition of Eph tyrosine kinase activity or depletion of the Eph ligand EphrinB2 reproducibly induces colorectal carcinoma cell death by autophagy. Spautin and 3‐methyladenine, inhibitors of early steps in the autophagic pathway, significantly reduce autophagy‐mediated cell death that follows inhibition of phosphotyrosine‐dependent Eph signaling in colorectal cancer cells. A small‐molecule inhibitor of the Eph kinase, NVP‐BHG712 or its regioisomer NVP‐Iso, reduces human colorectal cancer cell growth in vitro and tumor growth in mice. Colorectal cancers express the EphrinB ligand and its Eph receptors at significantly higher levels than numerous other cancer types, supporting Eph signaling inhibition as a potential new strategy for the broad treatment of colorectal carcinoma.
Precise Extraction of Charge Carrier Mobility for Organic Transistors
Authors: Xu Yong , Li Yun , Li Songlin , Balestra Francis , Ghibaudo Gerard , Li Wenwu , Lin Yen‐Fu , Sun Huabin , Wan Jing , Wang Xinran , Guo Yufeng , Shi Yi , Noh Yong‐Young 
Published: September 2019

AbstractUnreliable mobility values, and particularly greatly overestimated values and severely distorted temperature dependences, have recently hampered the development of the organic transistor field. Given that organic field‐effect transistors (OFETs) have been routinely used to evaluate mobility, precise parameter extraction using the electrical properties of OFETs is thus of primary importance. This review examines the origins of the various mobilities that must be determined for OFET applications, the relevant extraction methods, and the data selection limitations, which help in avoiding conceptual errors during mobility extraction. For increased precision, the review also discusses device fabrication considerations, calibration of both the specific gate‐dielectric capacitance and the threshold voltage, the contact effects, and the bias and temperature dependences, which must actually be handled with great care but have mostly been overlooked to date. This review serves as a systematic overview of the OFET mobility extraction process to ensure high precision and will also aid in improving future research.
Controlled Micro/Nanodome Formation in Proton‐Irradiated Bulk Transition‐Metal Dichalcogenides
Authors: Tedeschi Davide , Blundo Elena , Felici Marco , Pettinari Giorgio , Liu Boqing , Yildrim Tanju , Petroni Elisa , Zhang Chris , Zhu Yi , Sennato Simona , Lu Yuerui , Polimeni Antonio 
Published: September 2019

AbstractAt the few‐atom‐thick limit, transition‐metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) exhibit strongly interconnected structural and optoelectronic properties. The possibility to tailor the latter by controlling the former is expected to have a great impact on applied and fundamental research. As shown here, proton irradiation deeply affects the surface morphology of bulk TMD crystals. Protons penetrate the top layer, resulting in the production and progressive accumulation of molecular hydrogen in the first interlayer region. This leads to the blistering of one‐monolayer thick domes, which stud the crystal surface and locally turn the dark bulk material into an efficient light emitter. The domes are stable (>2‐year lifetime) and robust, and host strong, complex strain fields. Lithographic techniques provide a means to engineer the formation process so that the domes can be produced with well‐ordered positions and sizes tunable from the nanometer to the micrometer scale, with important prospects for so far unattainable applications.
Managing Energy Loss in Inorganic Lead Halide Perovskites Solar Cells
Authors: Liu Chongming , Zeng Qingsen , Yang Bai 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThough the cesium‐based inorganic perovskite solar cells (IPSCs) have developed rapidly in recent two years, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) is still far away from the Shockley–Queisser limit due to the large open‐circuit voltage (Voc) deficit, which results from the large energy loss (Eloss). Large Eloss has been a major obstacle for further efficiency improvement of IPSCs. In this review, the authors, for the first time, focus on investigating the Eloss of IPSCs and start from discussing the essence and origin of the Eloss. Then, the reported efficient methods for reducing the band tails and energy disorder are systematically summarized and reviewed, including crystallization optimization, defect passivation, and interface engineering. Finally, the authors offer an overall perspective on managing Eloss in IPSCs and point out the possible ways to reduce the Eloss and promote the efficiency. This review provides a basic understanding of Eloss and may inspire new designs or more impactful methods for further minimizing the Eloss of IPSCs.
A High‐Resolution Thin‐Film Fingerprint Sensor Using a Printed Organic Photodetector
Authors: Tordera Daniel , Peeters Bart , Akkerman Hylke B. , van Breemen Albert J. J. M. , Maas Joris , Shanmugam Santhosh , Kronemeijer Auke J. , Gelinck Gerwin H. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractOrganic photodetectors (OPDs) have attracted much attention in recent years, due to their promise in large‐area light sensing applications. Here, high‐resolution slot‐die‐coated large‐area bulk heterojunction organic photodiode (OPD) arrays are reported. The OPD uses a novel electron transport layer, indium gallium zinc oxide in combination with a molybdenum oxide top‐electrode. Together, these effectively reduce dark current densities to very low levels of ≈10−7 mA cm−2 at −2 V. The OPDs show linear behavior in a wide range of light intensities and high detectivity values under reverse bias conditions. When coated on a 508 ppi TFT backplane, a high‐quality optical fingerprint scanner capable of imaging in reflection is realized. The optical and electrical properties of the fingerprint sensor are characterized and high‐resolution fingerprint images are obtained.
Demonstration of Robust Plexcitonic Coupling in Organic Molecules‐Mediated Toroidal Meta‐Atoms
Authors: Ahmadivand Arash , Gerislioglu Burak , Ramezani Zeinab , Ghoreishi Seyyed Amir 
Published: September 2019

AbstractHybridized plexcitonic states are conventionally excited via robust coupling between resonantly coordinated plasmonic modes and molecular excitons. Here, numerical and experimental studies for the strong plexcitonic coupling and Rabi splitting of dynamic toroidal dipole moment in a plasmonic meta‐atom are presented. It is shown that introducing semiconductor PbS quantum dot aggregates, as a narrow gap semiconductor, with a bulk bandgap of 0.41 eV and a large exciton Bohr radius (tunable over the entire near‐infrared band) to the developed toroidal plasmonic metamaterial allows for the substantially strong plexcitonic coupling with the Rabi splitting of 150 meV in the near‐infrared wavelengths. By computing the density of states for photons, the enhancement in the intensity of the photoluminescence spectra is quantitatively and qualitatively demonstrated. The results verified the luminescence enhancement due to the strong near‐field coupling in the proposed unit cell, and cavity quantum electrodynamics Purcell effect. It is believed that this understanding paves a new method to study the plexcitonic coupling principle in nontraditional resonances and high‐order modes to employ them as novel approaches in the coming generation and modern nanophotonic technologies.
Electrical Properties of Solvated Tectomers: Toward Zettascale Computing
Authors: Chiolerio Alessandro , Draper Thomas C. , Jost Carsten , Adamatzky Andrew 
Published: September 2019

AbstractLiquid cybernetic systems with embodied intelligence solutions mimicking biologic systems, in response to future increasingly distributed sensing and the resulting data to be managed, has been proposed as the next cybernetic paradigm. Storing and computing information inherently pushes research toward extremely high packing densities, shifting from classical into quantum (particle, molecular) physics, chemistry, and materials science with the drawback of requiring very expensive equipment and exotic matter or matter states. Solutions represent a cheap and easy‐to‐handle platform for data storage and readout in liquido, where a physical structure able to change configuration under electrical stimuli reversibly exchanges entropy with the external environment. Tectomers are proposed as a candidate for such an adaptive structure. A tectomer is an oligomer made of few oligoglycine units with a common center. Tectomers undergo pH dependent assembly to form a single layer supramer across a surface. Tectomers represent a stable paradigm, in their amorphous or crystalline forms, reversibly influenced by solution pH, whose electronic properties are studied herein. Through a reasonable hypothesis, how solvated cybernetic systems can be exploited in the rush for zettascale computing will be looked upon.
Development and characterization of microsatellite markers in Campomanesia adamantium, a native plant of the Cerrado ecoregions of South America
Authors: Crispim Bruno do Amaral , Déo Thamiris Gatti , Fernandes Juliana dos Santos , de Vasconcelos Adrielle Ayumi , Vieira Maria do Carmo , Carnevali Thiago de Oliveira , Bajay Miklos Maximiliano , Zucchi Maria Imaculada , Barufatti Alexeia 
Published: September 2019

PremiseA novel set of nuclear microsatellite markers was developed and characterized for Campomanesia adamantium (Myrtaceae) and tested for cross‐amplification in the related species C. sessiliflora.Methods and ResultsForty‐one primer pairs were designed for simple sequence repeat loci, of which 36 successfully amplified and were polymorphic. The number of alleles ranged from two to 14, with an average of 8.14 alleles per locus. Additionally, cross‐amplification was tested in C. sessiliflora; more than 55.5% of the microsatellite loci amplified, confirming the use of these microsatellite markers in a related species.ConclusionsWe developed a set of microsatellite markers that will be useful for future studies of genetic diversity and population structure of C. adamantium and a closely related species, which will aid in future conservation efforts.