bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Oestrogen receptor α regulates the odonto/osteogenic differentiation of stem cells from apical papilla via ERK and JNK MAPK pathways
Authors: Wang Yanqiu , Lu Yadie , Li Zehan , Zhou Yixiang , Gu Yongchun , Pang Xiyao , Wu Jintao , Gobin Romila , Yu Jinhua 
Published: August 2018

AbstractObjectivesOestrogen receptor (ER) is a common nucleus receptor that is essential for the regulation of cell growth, proliferation and differentiation. This study was to examine whether ERα can affect the proliferation and odonto/osteogenic differentiation of stem cells from apical papilla (SCAPs).Materials and MethodsStem cells from apical papillas were isolated, purified and then transfected with ERα lentiviruses. The proliferation capacity was investigated by cell counting kit‐8 (CCK‐8) assay and flow cytometry. The odonto/osteogenic differentiation ability was analysed by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, alizarin red staining, western blot assay (WB) and real‐time RT‐PCR. MAPK pathway and its downstream transcriptional factors were explored by WB assay.ResultsAs indicated by CCK‐8 assay and flow cytometry, ERα had no significant effect on the proliferation of SCAPs. When ERα was overexpressed, the ALP activity and the formation of calcified nodules were significantly enhanced in SCAPs. Moreover, the odonto/osteogenic markers (DMP1/DMP1, DSPP/DSP, RUNX2/RUNX2, OCN/OCN) in SCAPs were significantly up‐regulated at both mRNA and protein levels. On the contrary, the odonto/osteogenic differentiation ability of SCAPs was remarkably inhibited after suppression of ERα. Mechanistically, the protein levels of phosphorylated ERK and JNK significantly increased after ERα overexpression. Moreover, some downstream transcriptional factors of MAPK pathway were simultaneously activated by ERα overexpression.ConclusionsTogether, the data accumulated here indicated that ERα can enhance the odonto/osteogenic differentiation of SCAPs via ERK and JNK MAPK pathways.
A novel radiographic projection for the detection of sagittal plane slab fracture of the equine third carpal bone
Authors: Ramzan P. H. L. 
Published: August 2018

SummaryBackgroundSome sagittal plane fractures of the equine third carpal bone are difficult to detect with conventional radiographic projections.ObjectivesTo describe a novel radiographic projection for the detection of sagittal plane slab fractures of the equine third carpal bone.Study designRetrospective study of radiological records.MethodsFrom a first opinion Thoroughbred racehorse caseload, cases were included for analysis if sagittal fracture of the third carpal bone was evident on a dorsoproximal lateral‐palmarodistal medial oblique (DPrL‐PDiMO) projection of the distal row of carpal bones and not visible on the standard dorsoproximal‐dorsodistal oblique (DPr‐DDiO) projection.ResultsEight cases in which radiological identification of fracture was dependent on theDPrL‐PDiMOprojection were identified from August 2013 to August 2017.Main limitationsUnblinded study.ConclusionsConventional radiographic projections can fail to detect some serious fractures of the equine third carpal bone. TheDPrL‐PDiMOprojection has a role in the investigation of suspected carpal injury in racehorses.
Status quo and perspectives of biogas production for energy and material utilization
Authors: Bahrs Enno , Angenendt Elisabeth 
Published: August 2018

AbstractBiogas is in many respects a serious alternative to other fossil resources and complements other renewable energy sources from wind and sun. Biogas can be produced in many places decentrally. Its energy potential is high, and it is widely used in the EU and all over the world. With more than 16,000 ktoe of oil equivalent in the EU in 2016, it corresponds to approximately 8% of the total primary energy produced by renewable energies in the EU, produced with nearly 17,000 biogas plants. Nevertheless, the production costs of biogas and its products like energy, heat, and fuel are still too high. Kost et al. (2018) show a comparison of electricity generation costs of different renewable energies and their future potentials. While electricity from huge biogas plants offers generation costs from 10 to 15 ct/kWh, electricity from onshore wind and huge solar systems offers generation costs from 4 to 8 ct/kWh. Although substantial progress has been made with regard to substrate use, production techniques and market designs, many more innovations are needed throughout the biogas value chain for it to be competitive in energy markets without high subsidies. As several papers in the special issue on biogas show, there are numerous innovations and product designs with regard to energy and material uses that could maintain or even increase the importance of biogas production both within and outside of the EU. There are many potential benefits of biogas, as it offers high shares of produced renewable energies as well as large amounts of material products like digestates and in future maybe products of higher value such as proteins or lactic acids.
Sensitivity of Simulated Hyporheic Exchange to River Bathymetry: The Steinlach River Test Site
Authors: Chow Reynold , Wu Hao , Bennett Jeremy P. , Dugge Jürnjakob , Wöhling Thomas , Nowak Wolfgang 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThis study determines the aspects of river bathymetry that have the greatest influence on the predictive biases when simulating hyporheic exchange. To investigate this, we build a highly parameterized HydroGeoSphere model of the Steinlach River Test Site in southwest Germany as a reference. This model is then modified with simpler bathymetries, evaluating the changes to hyporheic exchange fluxes and transit time distributions. Results indicate that simulating hyporheic exchange with a high‐resolution detailed bathymetry using a three‐dimensional fully coupled model leads to nested multiscale hyporheic exchange systems. A poorly resolved bathymetry will underestimate the small‐scale hyporheic exchange, biasing the simulated hyporheic exchange towards larger scales, thus leading to overestimates of hyporheic exchange residence times. This can lead to gross biases in the estimation of a catchment's capacity to attenuate pollutants when extrapolated to account for all meanders along an entire river within a watershed. The detailed river slope alone is not enough to accurately simulate the locations and magnitudes of losing and gaining river reaches. Thus, local bedforms in terms of bathymetric highs and lows within the river are required. Bathymetry surveying campaigns can be more effective by prioritizing bathymetry measurements along the thalweg and gegenweg of a meandering channel. We define the gegenweg as the line that connects the shallowest points in successive cross‐sections along a river opposite to the thalweg under average flow conditions. Incorporating local bedforms will likely capture the nested nature of hyporheic exchange, leading to more physically meaningful simulations of hyporheic exchange fluxes and transit times.
PD‐L1 and IDO expression in cervical and vulvar invasive and intraepithelial squamous neoplasias: implications for combination immunotherapy
Authors: Chinn Zachary , Stoler Mark H , Mills Anne M 
Published: August 2018

AimsThe immunoregulatory enzyme indoleamine dioxygenase 2,3 (IDO) has been implicated in cervical and vulvar squamous carcinomas (SCC) and may represent a mechanism of resistance to anti‐PD‐1/anti‐PD‐L1 therapy. However, the relationship between IDO and PD‐L1 has not been well‐investigated.Methods and resultsSixty‐five cases of cervical and vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia and SCC were assessed for IDO and PD‐L1 expression. Overall, tumoral PD‐L1 expression was seen in 72% of SCC, while 50% expressed IDO; co‐expression was seen in 42%. Using the combined positive score (CPS) threshold of 1 to account for both tumoral and immune staining, 83% of SCC expressed PD‐L1, 61% expressed IDO and 53% showed co‐expression. Cervical SCCs were significantly more likely than human papillomavirus (HPV)‐related vulvar SCCs to express tumoral IDO (75% versus 13%, P < 0.001) and demonstrate an IDO CPS ≥ 1 (88% versus 25%, P < 0.001); no significant differences were seen for PD‐L1. Additionally, there were no significant differences in IDO and PD‐L1 expression in dVIN‐associated versus HPV‐associated vulvar SCC. In contrast to SCC, the majority of intraepithelial lesions were entirely negative for tumoral PD‐L1 and IDO and had a CPS score of <1.ConclusionsIn summary, IDO and PD‐L1 co‐expression is common in cervical SCCs and, to a lesser extent, vulvar SCCs. These data suggest a role for combination immunotherapy in a subset of cervical SCCs as well as select vulvar SCCs. Expression for both markers is less common in intraepithelial lesions, providing no strong support for this form of immunotherapy in the absence of invasion.
Critical appraisal of methodological quality of Systematic Reviews and Meta‐analysis in Paediatric Dentistry journals
Authors: Jayaraman Jayakumar , Nagendrababu Venkateshbabu , Pulikkotil Shaju Jacob , Innes Nicola P. 
Published: August 2018

ObjectiveTo systematically assess the methodological quality of Systematic Reviews (SRs) and Meta‐Analyses (MA) published in Paediatric Dentistry journals and to analyse the relationship between the authors, journals, country, review topic, and the year of publication to the methodological quality of SRs and MA.DesignPaediatric Dentistry journals ranked in the top five of the h5 index of Google Scholar Metrics were selected. SRs with MA were searched independently by two reviewers using PubMed and Scopus databases until December 2017. Methodological quality was assessed using A Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews (AMSTAR) tool. Statistical significance was set at P < 0.05 and Mann‐Whitney U test and Kruskal‐Wallis test was employed for comparing the AMSTAR score with the journal characteristics.ResultsFinally, 24 SRs with MA were included. The overall AMSTAR score of SRs and MA published in paediatric dentistry journals was 7.08 ± 2.41. No statistically significant differences were found between the country, journal or focus of study to the quality of SRs except the number of authors and the year of publication (P < 0.05).ConclusionsThe quality of SRs and MA in leading Paediatric Dentistry journals were evaluated with AMSTAR tool and areas where quality could be improved were identified.
Systematic review of the real‐world evidence of adalimumab safety in psoriasis registries
Authors: Strober B. , Crowley J. , Langley R.G. , Gordon K. , Menter A. , Leonardi C. , Arikan D. , Valdecantos W.C. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractLong‐term safety of adalimumab in psoriasis clinical studies has been established. The objective of this research was to review real‐world evidence of adalimumab safety from registries of adult patients with psoriasis treated in clinical practice. Databases (BIOSIS Previews, Current Contents Search, Derwent Drug File, EMBASE, EMBASE Alert, EMCare, MEDLINE, SciSearch) were searched for psoriasis registries with adalimumab safety data. Eligible papers were English language manuscripts (conference abstracts excluded) from psoriasis registries presenting safety data for adult patients with psoriasis receiving adalimumab. The incidence and rate (events/100 patient‐years [PY]) of adverse events (AEs), serious AEs (SAEs) and AEs of special interest are reported. Abstracts of 425 publications were screened, and 401 publications excluded (208 conference abstracts; 193 papers). Remaining manuscripts were fully screened; 14 were excluded (no adalimumab data, n = 10; no safety data, n = 2; no on‐treatment data, n = 1; not English, n = 1), and 10 selected. Overall rates of AEs (4273 [22.2/100PY]) and SAEs (827 [4.3/100PY]) were reported in the ESPRIT registry (N = 6059). Rates of infections (7.7–14.7/100PY) and serious infections (<0.6–2.0/100PY) were reported in four studies. Cardiovascular‐related events were reported in three studies: ≤0.1/100PY per major cardiac event in ESPRIT, <0.5/100PY major cardiac events in PsoBest and serious cardiovascular events in two patients (<1%) in DERMBIO. Malignancies were reported in three studies (any malignancy, 0.9/100PY; malignancies excluding non‐melanoma skin cancer [NMSC], <0.6/100PY; NMSC, 0.6–<0.5/100PY). These findings suggest that real‐world safety of adalimumab is consistent across different psoriasis registries, which supports the existing long‐term safety profile of adalimumab from clinical studies.
The impact of major dietary patterns on glycemic control, cardiovascular risk factors, and weight loss in patients with type 2 diabetes: A network meta‐analysis
Authors: Pan Bei , Wu Yiting , Yang Qingxia , Ge Long , Gao Caiyun , Xun Yangqin , Tian Jinhui , Ding Guowu 
Published: August 2018

AbstractObjectiveTo comprehensively compare the differences between major dietary patterns in improving glycemic control, cardiovascular risk, and weight loss for patients with type 2 diabetes.MethodWe systematically searched PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that compared the efficacy of Mediterranean, low‐carbohydrate, and/or low‐fat dietary patterns for patients with type 2 diabetes. Studies that compared any one of those diets with regular diet were also included. The risk of bias in eligible RCTs was evaluated according to the Cochrane Handbook. The primary outcome was glycemic control. Secondary outcomes included weight loss and cardiovascular risk factors. A network meta‐analysis was performed using R‐3.3.2.ResultsTen RCTs involving five dietary patterns met the eligibility criteria. The findings revealed that compared to low‐fat diet, Mediterranean diet showed beneficial effects in glycemic control (HbA1c [%]: MD = –0.45, 95% CI = –0.55 to –0.34; fasting plasma glucose [mmol/L]: MD = –1.24 95% CI = –1.57 to –0.91, respectively; weight loss [kg]: MD =–1.18, 95% CI = –1.99 to –0.37; waist circumference [cm]: MD = –0.73, 95% CI = –1.26 to –0.19), and cardiovascular risk factors (HDL‐cholesterol [mmol/L]: MD = 0.07, 95% CI = 0.04 to 0.11; total cholesterol [mmol/L]: MD = –0.17, 95% CI = –0.26 to –0.08; triglycerides [mmol/L]: MD = –0.21, 95% CI = –0.27 to –0.16). Network meta‐analysis showed that high‐carbohydrate diet improved HDL‐cholesterol (mmol/l) (MD = 1.04, 95% CI = 0.39 to 1.68) when compared with regular diet. The differences were not statistically significant in other indirect comparison groups for other outcomes.ConclusionsA mediterranean diet showed beneficial improvements in glycemic control, weight loss, and cardiovascular risk factors in people with type 2 diabetes.
Value capture in hierarchically organized value chains
Authors: Henkel Joachim , Hoffmann Alexander 
Published: August 2018

AbstractWe study how the structure of negotiations in a value chain affects the distribution of value among its members. To this end, we generalize the Shapley value and the core to hierarchical bargaining situations. While the core yields no concrete predictions, the Shapley value analysis suggests that positions most conducive to value capture are those that allow to realize large complementarity gains. If the game exhibits “supercomplementarity,” then it is advantageous if a firm's negotiation partners are grouped into clusters. Using examples from the aircraft and white goods industries, we assess whether the firms’ actions are consistent with model predictions.
Over‐the‐scope clip system: A review of 1517 cases over 9 years
Authors: Kobara Hideki , Mori Hirohito , Nishiyama Noriko , Fujihara Shintaro , Okano Keiichi , Suzuki Yasuyuki , Masaki Tsutomu 
Published: August 2018

AbstractRescue therapy for gastrointestinal (GI) refractory bleeding, perforation, and fistula has traditionally required surgical interventions owing to the limited performance of conventional endoscopic instruments and techniques. An innovative clipping system, the over‐the‐scope clip (OTSC), may play an important role in rescue therapy. This innovative device is proposed as the final option in endoscopic treatment. The device presents several advantages including having a powerful sewing force for closure of GI defects using a simple mechanism and also having an innovative feature, whereby a large defect and fistula can be sealed using accessory forceps. Consequently, it is able to provide outstanding clinical effects for rescue therapy. This review clarifies the current status and limitations of OTSC according to different indications of GI refractory disease, including refractory bleeding, perforation, fistula, and anastomotic dehiscence. An extensive literature search identified studies reported 10 or more cases in which the OTSC system was applied. A total of 1517 cases described in 30 articles between 2010 and 2018 were retrieved. The clinical success rates and complications were calculated overall and for each indication.The average clinical success rate was 78% (n = 1517) overall, 85% for bleeding (n = 559), 85% (n = 351) for perforation, 52% (n = 388) for fistula, 66% (n = 97) for anastomotic dehiscence, and 95% (n = 122) for other conditions, respectively. The overall and severe OTSC‐associated complications were 1.7% (n = 23) and 0.59% (n = 9), respectively.This review concludes that the OTSC system may serve as a safe and productive device for GI refractory diseases, albeit with limited success for fistula.
Clinical, endoscopic, and histological differentiation between celiac disease and tropical sprue: A systematic review
Authors: Sharma Pragya , Baloda Vandana , Gahlot Gaurav PS , Singh Alka , Mehta Ritu , Vishnubathla Sreenivas , Kapoor Kulwant , Ahuja Vineet , Gupta Siddhartha Datta , Makharia Govind K , Das Prasenjit 
Published: August 2018

AbstractBackground and AimWhile the prevalence of celiac disease (CD) is increasing globally, the prevalence of tropical sprue (TS) is declining. Still, there are certain regions in the world where both patients with CD and TS exist and differentiation between them is a challenging task. We conducted a systematic review of the literature to find out differentiating clinical, endoscopic, and histological characteristics between CD and TS.MethodsMedline, PubMed, and EMBASE databases were searched for keywords: celiac disease, coeliac, celiac, tropical sprue, sprue, clinical presentation, endoscopy, and histology. Studies published between August 1960 and January 2018 were reviewed. Out of 1063 articles available, 12 articles were included in the final analysis.ResultsBetween the patients with CD and TS, there was no difference in the prevalence and duration of chronic diarrhea, abdominal distension, weight loss, extent of abnormal fecal fat content, and density of intestinal inflammation. The following features were more common in CD: short stature, vomiting/dyspepsia, endoscopic scalloping/attenuation of duodenal folds, histological high modified Marsh changes, crescendo type of IELosis, surface epithelial denudation, surface mucosal flattening, thickening of subepithelial basement membrane and celiac seropositivity; while those in TS include anemia, abnormal urinary D‐xylose test, endoscopic either normal duodenal folds or mild attenuation, histologically decrescendo type of IELosis, low modified Marsh changes, patchy mucosal changes, and mucosal eosinophilia.ConclusionsBoth patients with CD and TS have overlapping clinical, endoscopic, and histological characteristics, and there is no single diagnostic feature for differentiating CD from TS except for celiac specific serological tests.
Cytochrome P450 4A11 expression in tumor cells: A favorable prognostic factor for hepatocellular carcinoma patients
Authors: Eun Hyuk Soo , Cho Sang Yeon , Lee Byung Seok , Kim Sup , Song In‐Sang , Chun Kwangsik , Oh Cheong‐Hae , Yeo Min‐Kyung , Kim Seok Hyun , Kim Kyung‐Hee 
Published: August 2018

AbstractBackground and AimElevated cytochrome p450 (CYP) 4A gene expression has been linked to the aggravation of various cancers and affects various regulated metabolites. In hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the clinicopathological value of CYP4A has not yet been explored, although CYP4A is expressed at high levels in the liver. The goal of this study was to evaluate the clinicopathological value of CYP4A11 expression in HCC.MethodsWe performed immunohistochemical analysis of CYP4A11 and correlated the results with clinicopathological features of HCC (n = 155). Western blotting and reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction against CYP4A11 and CYP4A22 were also performed for 15 and 20 pairs of fresh‐frozen primary HCC and non‐neoplastic liver tissue, respectively. Moreover, we analyzed the underlying mechanism by comparing the high and low CYP4A11 mRNA expression groups using gene set enrichment analysis.ResultsCYP4A11 expression level was higher in non‐neoplastic hepatocytes than those in HCC cells (P < 0.001), and CYP4A11 expression positively correlated with favorable prognostic factors, including tumor size, histological grade, and pathological tumor stage (P = 0.007, P = 0.005, and P = 0.007). Multivariate analysis revealed that CYP4A11 expression was an independent prognostic factor of overall and disease‐free survival (P = 0.002 and P = 0.033). Based on gene set enrichment analysis, high CYP4A11 mRNA expression negatively correlated with the expression of cell cycle‐related genes.ConclusionThese findings support the notion that CYP4A11 expression is a favorable prognostic factor of HCC and suggest potential predictive diagnostic and prognostic roles of CYP4A11 expression in HCC.
Lesional and circulating levels of interleukin‐17 and 25‐hydroxycholecalciferol in active acne vulgaris: Correlation to disease severity
Authors: Abd‐Elmaged Wafaa M. , Nada Essam A. , Hassan Mohammed H. , Elsadek Bakheet E. M. , Abdelrahim Eman A. , Ahmed Nagwa S. , Toghan Rana , Ahmed Heba T. I. 
Published: August 2018

SummaryObjectivesThe immunological aspects of inflammatory acne are still incompletely understood, so this study aimed to investigate the possible role of IL‐17 and 25 hydroxycholecalciferol (25(OH)D3) in the disease pathogenesis and progression.Materials and MethodsAcross‐sectional study has been conducted on 135 patients with active acne vulgaris of various severities and 150 matched controls. ELISA assays of serum and tissue levels of IL‐17 and 25(OH)D3, also immunohistochemical and Western blotting demonstration of the expression patterns of lesional IL‐17 in comparison with control group, were performed.ResultsThe mean serum levels of IL‐17 were 544.2 pg/mL ± 477.4 SD and 42.2 pg/mL ± 8.1 SD for acne patients and controls, respectively, with significantly higher levels among the patient group (P < 0.05). Higher IL‐17 expression levels in active acne lesions when compared with its level in healthy skin of the controls. The mean serum levels of 25(OH)D3 among patients and controls were 33.3 ng/mL ± 9.7 SD and 51.7 ng/mL ± 2.7 SD, respectively, with significantly lower levels among the patient group (P < 0.05). There were significantly negative correlations between IL‐17 and 25(OH)D3 levels (P < 0.001 for both).ConclusionsDeficiency of vitamin D3 accompanied with higher IL‐17 in an inverse pattern may have a possible role in active acne vulgaris.