bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of early home psychotropic medication reinitiation on surrogate measures of intensive care unit delirium
Authors: Li Matthew , Chang Mei H. , Miranda-Valdes Yeismel , Vest Kirsten , Kish Troy D. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Introduction
Intensive care unit (ICU) delirium is a major contributing factor to increased mortality, length of stay, and cost of care. Psychotropic medications may often require extensive tapering to prevent withdrawal symptoms; during ICU admission, home psychotropics are frequently held which may precipitate acute drug withdrawal and subsequent delirium.

Methods
This is a single-center, observational, retrospective chart review. The primary endpoint was the total number of new-start antipsychotics used to treat ICU delirium. Secondary endpoints included use of restraints, ICU length of stay, and hospital length of stay.

Results
A total of 2334 charts were reviewed for inclusion; 55 patients were categorized into each group. There was no statistically significant difference in the requirement for new-start antipsychotics (P = 1.0), restraint use (P = .057), or ICU length of stay (P = .71). There was a statistically significant decrease in hospital length of stay (P = .048).

Discussion
Early reinitiation was associated with a decrease in hospital length of stay but was not associated with a decrease in the number of new-start antipsychotics, use of restraints, or ICU length of stay.
Impact on an integrated psychiatric pharmacy service in a primary care clinic
Authors: Chavez Benjamin , Kosirog Emily 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Introduction
Traditionally, clinical pharmacists have been employed in the primary care setting to help manage chronic disease states, such as diabetes and hypertension. Although the benefits of pharmacists managing chronic conditions have been extensively published, published data for clinical pharmacist mental health services in primary care is limited to Veterans Affairs populations. This article describes a practice model in which pharmacists are providing psychiatric medication management and consultation in a federally qualified health center.

Methods
A period of 1 year from the psychiatric pharmacy service was analyzed from April 1, 2017, to March 31, 2018. Reports were generated that included information about psychiatric pharmacy consults, 1-on-1 psychiatric pharmacy visits, and psychotropic medication prescribing/dispensing trends. Each consult was further reviewed for additional details, including patient characteristics, medications prescribed, psychiatric diagnoses involved, and actions taken.

Results
A review of this pharmacy service showed significant pharmacist involvement in psychiatric medication consults and 1-on-1 visits. Common disease states consulted on were depressive disorders, anxiety disorders, and neurologic disorders, which reflects psychiatric disease states commonly seen in primary care practice. Provider satisfaction survey results showed that the service was valued and that providers felt their comfort in prescribing psychotropic medications improved due to the service.

Discussion
The service described here exemplifies the potential for pharmacists in the ambulatory care setting to expand beyond the traditional chronic disease state management. It also speaks to a potential role for psychiatric pharmacists in the primary care setting.
A review of a recently published guidelines' “strong recommendation” for therapeutic drug monitoring of olanzapine, haloperidol, perphenazine, and fluphenazine
Authors: Noel Christopher 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Introduction
In addition to clozapine, there is a growing body of evidence that supports therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) for additional antipsychotics commonly used in the United States.

Methods
The Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Neuropsychopharmakologie und Pharmakopsychiatrie (AGNP) published TDM guidelines for several psychiatric medications. Sources were identified that the authors used to establish therapeutic reference ranges for haloperidol, fluphenazine, perphenazine, and olanzapine—4 antipsychotics commonly used in the United States with a “strong recommendation” for TDM. The sources were then reviewed for content and appropriateness for utilization in establishing the reference ranges.

Results
Olanzapine had 15 citations, haloperidol had 9, perphenazine had 4, and fluphenazine had 2. The studies' methods were reviewed along with the proposed therapeutic reference ranges.

Discussion
Several limitations of the guidelines were identified. Reference ranges were suggested based on studies of patients with various diagnoses; some patients had an acute exacerbation, and others were in a maintenance phase. An additional publication was identified that reviewed similar (and additional) TDM studies; those conclusions were in slight contrast with those of the AGNP guidelines. In the future, guidance should be given to those looking to conduct TDM studies to standardize methods and make meta-analysis of this data more feasible.
The Nature of Revolution on Animal Farm
Authors: Mustafa Goran Omar 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT
Revolution as a phenomenon is considered as a way to a complete change of a situation or system of government to a better one. Dose revolution really is the right way to fulfil our dreams and have a better way of life? Or simply it is just changing the face of rulers or the name of the governments. Many writers and novelists wrote about this issue. George Orwell which is considered as apolitical writer, is one of them. He wrote many novels. Animal Farm, as one of them, is an allegorical story of some animals in a farm. They begin a revolution against the humans with the dream of getting rid of Man as the root cause of their problems, and to be rich and free. They have a short period of honeymoon revolution, but then their dream of building a utopian farm crashes by the pigs and would find themselves in dystopia. This paper aims to study the nature of revolution generally in the shed light of human history. Then to explore how this phenomenon is treated by Orwell in his novel. Can we consider revolution as a right way to have a complete change in the political system and thinking of people? The researchers try to illuminate and find answer for those questions by providing examples from the story of Animal Farm.
Embracing Plasticity: Unlocking the Full Potential of Flexible and Stretchable Electronics Through the Elastoplastic Behavior of Metallic Materials
Authors: An Dongqi , Gong Guangping , Xu Dian , Zhou Zanxin , Li Rui , Su Yewang 
Published: December 2024

AbstractMetallic materials serving as indispensable conductors critically influence the performance of flexible electronics. Conventional structural designs have restricted metallic materials to exhibiting pure elastic deformation, but recent developments have emphasized an increased significance of plastic deformation, showing great potential for new breakthroughs in developing novel flexible electronics. This review first introduces the elastoplastic behavior of metallic materials, especially those capable of withstanding remarkable plastic deformation. The main design strategies toward flexible and stretchable electronics expanding elastic deformation range are then summarized, incorporating both strain alleviation and strain delocalization. Innovative studies exploiting plasticity for enhancing device performances or achieving shape‐forming and reconfigurable electronics are further highlighted. Some perspectives on utilizing the elastoplastic behavior of metallic materials to innovate the next generation of flexible electronics are finally provided.
Magnesium‐Impregnated Membrane Promotes Bone Regeneration in Rat Skull Defect by N‐Linked Glycosylation of SPARC via MagT1
Authors: Chen Weisin , Lu Hongwei , Yu Wenhao , Huang Lei , Bian Mengxuan , Wang Ning , Xiang Xingdong , Mo Guokang , Zhang Cheng , Li Yulin , Jiang Libo , Zhang Jian 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAutograft has long been the gold standard for various bone surgeries. Nevertheless, the increasing usage of synthetic implants is taking over the operation rooms due to biosafety and standardized protocols. To fulfill such tremendous needs, a magnesium‐impregnated membrane is devised that steadily releases magnesium ions to stimulate osteogenesis. The compatibility of Magnesium oxide (MgO) particles is enhanced through hydration and grafting, characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). With detailed degradation profiles, an in‐depth investigation of Magnesium transporter 1 (MagT1) for magnesium intake is carried out and engaging in the N‐linked glycosylation by using RNAi and inhibitors. The glycosylation of secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) affected extracellular secretion and mineral deposition, demonstrated by immunostaining and density‐dependent color‐SEM (DDC‐SEM). Skull defects are treated by implanting magnesium‐impregnated membranes in rats and evaluated them by micro‐CT and histological exams. This study revealed the compatible integration of grafted magnesium hydroxide (g‐MH) particles is the key to functional performance and critical to applicability in vivo; meanwhile, it opens the door to a biological rationale for designing biomimetic materials.
Optimization of Charge Extraction and Interconnecting Layers for Highly Efficient Perovskite/Organic Tandem Solar Cells with High Fill Factor
Authors: Wu Xin , Zhang Dong , Liu Baoze , Wang Yan , Wang Xue , Liu Qi , Gao Danpeng , Wang Ning , Li Bo , Wang Lina , Yu Zexin , Li Xintong , Xiao Shuang , Li Nan , Stolterfoht Martin , Lin Yen‐Hung , Yang Shangfeng , Zeng Xiao Cheng , Zhu Zonglong 
Published: December 2024

AbstractPerovskite/organic tandem solar cells (POTSCs) have garnered significant attention due to their potential for achieving high photovoltaic (PV) performance. However, the reported power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) and fill factors (FFs) are still subpar due to the challenges associated with charge extraction in the organic bulk‐heterojunction (BHJ) and significant energy losses in the interconnecting layers (ICLs). Here, a quaternary organic BHJ blend is developed to enhance the charge extraction in the organic subcell, contributing to an increased FF of ≥78% under 1 sun illumination and even more under lower illumination intensities. Meanwhile, energy losses in the ICLs are reduced via the incorporation of a self‐assembly monolayer (SAM), (4‐(3,6‐Dimethyl‐9H‐carbazol‐9‐yl)butyl)phosphonic acid (Me‐4PACz), in organic BHJ to form a MoOx/SAM interface and the thorough control of the MoOx thickness to suppress parasitic absorption. The resultant POTSCs achieve a remarkable PCE of 25.56% (certified: 24.65%), with a record FF of 83.62%, which is among the highest PCEs of POTSCs and the highest FF of all types of perovskite‐based tandem solar cells (TSCs) till now. This work proves the optimization of charge extraction and ICLs are effective strategies to promote the performance of POTSCs to surpass other solution‐processed perovskite‐based TSCs in the near future.
Hydride‐Induced Reconstruction of Pd Electrode Surfaces: A Combined Computational and Experimental Study
Authors: Ngoipala Apinya , Schott Christian , Briega‐Martos Valentin , Qamar Minaam , Mrovec Matous , Javan Nikkhah Sousa , Schmidt Thorsten O. , Deville Lewin , Capogrosso Andrea , Moumaneix Lilian , Kallio Tanja , Viola Arnaud , Maillard Frédéric , Drautz Ralf , Bandarenka Aliaksandr S. , Cherevko Serhiy , Vandichel Matthias , Gubanova Elena L. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractDesigning electrocatalysts with optimal activity and selectivity relies on a thorough understanding of the surface structure under reaction conditions. In this study, experimental and computational approaches are combined to elucidate reconstruction processes on low‐index Pd surfaces during H‐insertion following proton electroreduction. While electrochemical scanning tunneling microscopy clearly reveals pronounced surface roughening and morphological changes on Pd(111), Pd(110), and Pd(100) surfaces during cyclic voltammetry, a complementary analysis using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry excludes Pd dissolution as the primary cause of the observed restructuring. Large‐scale molecular dynamics simulations further show that these surface alterations are related to the creation and propagation of structural defects as well as phase transformations that take place during hydride formation.
Tunable Mirror‐Symmetric Type‐III Ising Superconductivity in Atomically‐Thin Natural Van der Waals Heterostructures
Authors: Sun Xikang , Deng Zhengkuan , Yang Yichen , Yu Shuang , Huang Yuqiang , Lu Yunhao , Tao Qian , Shen Da‐Wei , He Wen‐Yu , Xi Chuanying , Pi Li , Watanabe Kenji , Taniguchi Takashi , Xu Zhu‐An , Zheng Yi 
Published: December 2024

AbstractVan der Waals (vdW) crystals with strong spin‐orbit coupling (SOC) provide great opportunities for exploring unconventional 2D superconductors, wherein new pairing states emerge due to the interplay of SOC with crystalline symmetries, electronic correlations, quenched disorders and external modulation forces, etc. Here, a distinct mirror‐symmetry protected Ising pairing state with unprecedented Γ‐ and M‐valley symmetries in natural vdW heterostructures (vdWH) of interweaving tetragonal SnSe and trigonal 1H‐TaSe2 monolayers is reported, in which the unidirectional lattice interlocking effectively suppresses the K‐valley Ising pairing mechanism by incommensurate charge‐density‐wave (CDW) transitions. In the 2D limit of an TaSe2/SnSe bilayer with intact basal mirror symmetry (Mz), the mirror‐symmetric vdWH Ising superconductors show anomalous in‐plane magnetic field B‖‐controlled enhancements in the critical temperature Tc, which is completely absent for multilayer vdWHs with broken Mz induced by orthorhombic stacking between nearest‐neighbour TaSe2 monolayers. The experimental observations consistently reveal a mirror symmetry‐protected type‐III Ising state in the inversion asymmetric lattice of 1H‐TaSe2, which is predicted to be a mixture of spin‐singlet and spin‐triplet states.
Si‐H Hydrosilane Reducing Agents for Size‐ and Shape‐Controlled InAs Colloidal Quantum Dots
Authors: Skorotetcky Maxim S. , Mir Wasim J. , Sheikh Tariq , Yorov Khursand E. , Saidzhonov Bedil M. , Daws Sawsan , Zhou Renqian , Hedhili Mohamed N. , Abulikemu Mutalifu , Mohammed Omar F. , Bakr Osman M. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractInAs colloidal quantum dots (CQDs) are a promising heavy‐metal‐free material for infrared optoelectronic devices. However, their synthesis is limited by their reagents: the acutely toxic and difficult to source tris(trimethylsilyl)arsine ((TMS)3As), as well as the strong reducing agents (e.g., Super Hydride). A reducing agent is introduced based on hydrosilanes (Si‐H) to address both challenges. A synthesis strategy with this agent is demonstrated, resulting in monodisperse InAs CQDs with a tunable first excitonic peak between 520 and 900 nm by hot injection, and between 900 and 1550 nm by continuous injection. Furthermore, by avoiding the use of carboxyl group‐containing compounds, such as oleic acid or indium acetate, the synthesis minimizes surface oxidation during InAs CQDs formation. The synthesized InAs CQDs are of high optoelectronic quality, with a lower concentration of deep trap states, as evident by the remarkable characteristics of photodetectors fabricated from these CQDs: low dark current (≈150 nA cm−2), external quantum efficiency (32% at 900 nm), and a fast photoresponse time (≈4.4 µs). The elimination of (TMS)3As in the synthesis overcomes a key practical barrier for exploiting and exploring the properties of large InAs CQDs in optoelectronic applications.
Self‐Reinforcing Ionogel Bioadhesive Interface for Robust Integration and Monitoring of Bioelectronic Devices with Hard Tissues
Authors: Jiang Chenghao , Fu Junhao , Zhang Hao , Hua Yingjie , Cao Leitao , Ren Jing , Zhou Mingliang , Jiang Fei , Jiang Xinquan , Ling Shengjie 
Published: December 2024

AbstractIntegrating bioelectronic devices with hard tissues, such as bones and teeth, is essential for advancing diagnostic and therapeutic technologies. However, stable and durable adhesion in dynamic, moist environments remains challenging. Traditional bioadhesives often fail to maintain strong bonds, especially when interfacing with metal electrodes and hard tissues. This study introduces a self‐reinforcing ionogel bioadhesive interface (IGBI) combining silk fibroin and calcium ions, designed to provide robust and conductive integration of bioelectronic devices with hard tissues. The IGBI exhibits strong adhesion (up to 186 J m−2) and undergoes mechanical self‐reinforcement through a structural transition in silk fibroin under physiological conditions. In vivo experiments demonstrate the IGBI's effectiveness in repairing bone defects and reimplanting teeth, with the added capability of wireless, real‐time monitoring of bone healing. This approach allows for continuous tracking of tissue regeneration without a second invasive surgery for device removal. The IGBI represents a significant advancement in bioelectronic integration, offering a durable and versatile solution for challenging environments. Such unique self‐reinforcing properties make the IGBI a promising material for biomedical applications where traditional adhesives are insufficient.
Synergizing Plasmonic Local Heating and 3D Nanostructures to Boost the Solar‐to‐Vapor Efficiency Beyond 100%
Authors: Cheng Pengfei , Klingenhof Malte , Honig Hauke , Zhang Lei , Strasser Peter , Schaaf Peter , Lei Dangyuan , Wang Dong 
Published: December 2024

AbstractSolving the global challenge of freshwater scarcity is of great significance for over one billion people in the world. Solar water evaporation based on plasmonic nanostructures is one of the most promising technologies due to its high efficiency. However, the efficiency of this plasmonic nanostructure‐based technology can hardly achieve 100%. Therefore, it is highly desired to develop new solar converters utilizing plasmonic local heating and reasonable structure design to break the limit of solar‐to‐vapor efficiency for freshwater production. Here, a plasmonic sponge is developed as a solar evaporation converter with excellent full‐solar‐spectrum absorption, good heat localization performance, and fast evaporation kinetics through 3D nanostructures, achieving a 131% solar‐to‐vapor efficiency. Distinct from the traditional 2D localized heating‐based evaporation and nonmetallic 3D water evaporation, the 3D plasmonic sponge can simultaneously achieve highly efficient local heating and super large water–air interfaces for boosting solar‐to‐vapor efficiency. The 3D plasmonic sponge can be also used as a universal converter for purifying seawater, metal ion solutions, organic pollutant solutions, and strong acid and strong alkaline solutions. The full‐solar‐spectrum absorption, high efficiency, and universality in water purification suggest that the novel 3D plasmonic solar converter can bring a significant way to alleviate the crisis of freshwater resources.
Interfacial Ion Transport in Porous Polydimethylsiloxane–Polydopamine Composites for Solar Thermoelectric Conversion
Authors: Biutty Merreta Noorenza , Jang Seo Hyun , Je Ji Hyang , Choi U Hyeok , Kee Seyoung , Kim Yena , Kim Jungwon , Roh Jong Wook , Kim Joo Hyun , Yoo Seong Il 
Published: December 2024

AbstractRecent developments in iontronic materials and devices highlight the importance of efficient ion conduction in optimizing their performance. In particular, improving ion transport in polymer electrolytes is key to the progress of advanced energy conversion systems. This study presents a novel approach to enhance the ion conductivity of poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO)–NaOH electrolytes within porous polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) composites. By coating PDMS with a thin layer of polydopamine (PDA) and filling it with PEO–NaOH, numerous hopping sites are generated at the PEO‐PDA interface for efficient Na+ transport, thereby improving ion conductivity. Additionally, by combining the broadband absorption of PDA with the scattering properties of porous PDMS, the ability of the PDA–PDMS composite to efficiently absorb and convert solar radiation into heat is demonstrated. The generated heat is confined to the light‐exposed region due to the thermal insulation provided by the porous PDMS. This confinement creates a temperature gradient across the composite, preferentially enhancing the thermal diffusion of Na+ cations over OH− anions to generate thermoelectric voltage. This unique property allows for the direct conversion of solar energy into electrical energy, offering new possibilities for sustainable and efficient energy technologies.
Simulating Organic Thin Film Transistors Using Multilayer Perceptron Regression Models to Enable Circuit Design
Authors: Calvet Laurie E. , El‐Nakouzi Sami , Li Zonglong , Kim Yerin , Zaibi Amer , Golec Patryk , Bhattacharyya Ie Mei , Bonnassieux Yvan , Kadura Lina , Iñiguez Benjamin 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThere is increasing interest in using specialized circuits based on emerging technologies to develop a new generation of smart devices. The process and device variability exhibited by such materials, however, can present substantial challenges for designing circuits. Three models are considered here: a physical compact model, an empirical look‐up table, and an empirical surrogate model based on a multilayer perceptron (MLP) regression. Each one is fit to measurements of discrete organic thin film transistors in the low voltage regime. It is shown that the models provide consistent results when designing artificial neuron circuits, but that the MLP regression provides the highest accuracy and is much simpler to fit compared to the compact model. The targeted technology exhibits non‐ideal behavior such as variable threshold voltage and hysteresis. Using the MLP regression model, the effect of such variability on the performance of an artificial neuron circuit is compared. It is found that these effects alter the neuron firing rate and change the time spent in the on/off states but do not change the basic operation.
Modeling‐Guided Design of Semitransparent Organic Photovoltaics with Improved Energy Harvesting and Saving Capabilities
Authors: Zhang Nan , Zhou Zhisheng , An Yidan , Qi Feng , Xia Ruoxi , Du Gengxin , Xia Tian , Ke Lingyi , Li Ning , Lin Francis R. , Jen Alex K.‐Y. , Yip Hin‐Lap 
Published: December 2024

AbstractIntegrating semitransparent organic photovoltaics (ST‐OPVs) into building structures is a promising technology that serves aesthetic purposes while retaining window functionality, and it also facilitates solar energy harvesting and heat insulation. However, balancing power conversion efficiency (PCE), visible light transmittance (VLT), infrared radiation rejection (IRR), and color rendering index (CRI) for window applications remains a significant challenge. In this study, ST‐OPVs are developed that feature innovative near‐infrared‐absorbing materials. These devices are further coupled with an optical layer optimized through high‐throughput optical modeling to fine‐tune and enhance the different properties of the ST‐OPVs. Specifically, ST‐OPVs are achieved with a VLT of over 30%, a PCE of 12.5%, an IRR of over 90%, and a CRI of over 80. Furthermore, higher PCE of over 14% and IRR of over 95% can also be achieved, demonstrating the tunability of these photovoltaic properties. These figures highlight the exceptional performance of specialized ST‐OPVs for window applications, demonstrating their dual function of generating electricity and energy saving. Additionally, simulations show that replacing traditional heat insulation films with the ST‐OPVs can reduce annual energy demand by up to 60%, using Hong Kong as an example, underscoring their significant potential in sustainable building‐integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) applications.