bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Iconic imagination: Listening to, and looking back at, the piano in early Hindi cinema
Authors: Alter Andrew , Dean Jasmine 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
This article identifies and analyses a selection of Hindi films between 1942 and 1991 in which pianos are used for songs. The number of such films is not great and thus the piano is theorized as cameo – it arrives on-screen and in the soundtrack with a clear purpose in order to reference a set of symbols from outside the film’s narrative. Consequently, it represents not only a nostalgia for the recent colonial condition, but also a host of cultural ideologies associated with westernization. By compiling the list and analysing this set of films, we attempt to more clearly understand the symbolic meanings indexed through the picturization, and to contribute to a theorization of musical symbolization in film.
“Christovão, o Principal da Aldeia de Natuba e a persuasão fazem os Indios a este Governo”: as tropas Kiriri e a Política de povoação do “sertão de dentro” da América portuguesa (1677-1679)
Authors: Mecenas Ane 
Published: August 2018

Na segunda metade do século XVII, após a Restauração Portuguesa, intensificou-se o povoamento do sertão da América portuguesa. O processo, definido na documentação como “expansão para os caminhos de dentro”, visava à constituição de aldeamentos e à formação de alianças, com o intuito de garantir segurança no acesso comercial às rotas dos criadores de gado que seguiam da Bahia ao Piauí, bem como a constituição de um grupo de índios Kiriri que coibisse a formação de quilombos nas impenetráveis rotas do sertão. Ordens religiosas foram incumbidas da tarefa de organizar as aldeias, “disciplinar as almas” e fornecer mão de obra nas entradas para o sertão. Nesse espaço permeado pelo jogo de interesses de diversos grupos, o conflitos e a fluidez das alianças foram uma constante. Com base nesse contexto, o presente artigo visa analisar as estratégias de povoação do “sertão de dentro” e o papel dos índios na formação desses espaços.
Adaptívna pamäť – jej vplyv na vedomosti a emócie žiakov voči živočíchom
Authors: Novanská Viera , Platková Alexandra 
Published: August 2018

Adaptívna pamäť je nepochybne jednou z oblastí, ktorá je nedostatočne prebádaná a to najmä u detí v školskom veku. Komplexnosť tejto problematiky je dôkazom množstva výskumov, ktoré sa adaptívnou pamäťou zaoberajú a porovnávajú v rámci jednotlivých skupín ľudí. V predkladanom článku sa venujeme vplyvu adaptívnej pamäti u detí na základnej škole. Zisťovali sme, ako ovplyvňuje adaptívna pamäť vedomosti a emócie žiakov šiesteho a siedmeho ročníka ZŠ voči vybraným živočíchom. Výsledky výskumu, ktorý bol realizovaný v školskom roku 2015/2016, potvrdili vplyv adaptívnej pamäti na kognitívne a emočné procesy žiakov. Učitelia by mali pri výučbe venovať pozornosť aj pamäťovým mechanizmom, ktoré ovplyvňujú žiakovo vnímanie a zapamätávanie si informácií.
Příroda 3.0 nebo 1.0 návraty?
Authors: Dlouhá Jana 
Published: August 2018

Příroda je systém vztahů mezi sebou navzájem, i s okolím. Vztahy jsou potřebné, aby se obnovovala; interakce jsou podstatou, podoba je jevovým vyjádřením. Možnost vztahů vyplývá z diference, rozdílu mezi jevy a entitami (jejich projevy), které pak tyto rozdílnosti překlenují nebo je naopak podtrhují, aby se mohly jevit.
The approach to a diagnostic dilemma
Authors: Lichtstein Daniel , Agarwal Gauri 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Diagnostic dilemmas refer to situations in which physicians face a challenging clinical scenario. The goal of our paper is to outline strategies which we have found to be most helpful in the approach to a diagnostic dilemma. We review each strategy and provide illustrative clinical examples. Among the most helpful strategies are performing a thorough history and physical examination (H&P) (including pertinent epidemiological factors and careful medication review), avoidance of non-specific testing and empiric treatment, judicious use of consultants, maintaining an open-mind and humility and ongoing, open communication with your patient.
Radius of Convexity of Sections of a Class of Close-to-Convex Functions of Order α
Authors: Banu B. Usna , Youvaraj G. P. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
In this paper we study radius of convexity of sections of a class of univalent close-to-convex functions on 𝔻 = {z ∈ ℂ: |z| < 1}. For functions in this class, coefficient bounds, an integral representation and radius of convexity of nth sections have been obtained.
Remarks on *−(σ,Τ)− Lie Ideals of *−Prime Rings with Derivation
Authors: Sögütcü Emine K. , Aydin Neşet , Gölbaşi Öznur 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Let R be a ∗−prime ring with characteristic not 2, U a nonzero ∗− (σ,τ)−Lie ideal of R, d a nonzero derivation of R. Suppose σ, τ be two automorphisms of R such that σd = dσ, τd = dτ and ∗ commutes with σ, τ, d. In the present paper it is shown that if d(U) ⊆ Z or d2(U) ⊆ Z, then U ⊆ Z.
Normal Families and Shared Functions
Authors: Sun Cheng Xiong 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Let k ∈ ℕ, m ∈ℕ ∪{0}, and let a(z)(≢ 0) be a holomorphic function, all zeros of a(z) have multiplicities at most m. Let ℱ be a family of meromorphic functions in D. If for each f ∈ℱ, the zeros of f have multiplicities at least k + m + 1 and all poles of f are of multiplicity at least m + 1, and for f,g ∈ℱ, ff(k)−a(z) and gg(k)−a(z) share 0, then ℱ is normal in D. Some examples are given to show that the conditions are best, and the result removes the condition “m is an even integer” in the result due to Sun [Kragujevac Journal of Math 38(2), 173-282, 2014].
Language medium and a high-stakes test: Language ideology and coaching centers in North India
Authors: LaDousa Chaise 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe Union Public Service Commission (UPSC) offers its set of examinations in a “medium”, whether in a language recognized by the Constitution of India or in English. The notion of medium in the examination borrows from the notion of medium in schooling where it refers to the primary language of pedagogy. Although not all students who have studied in a particular medium in school and university go on to attempt the UPSC examinations in the same medium, most do. This article reports on fieldwork conducted in 2014 in coaching centers in Delhi’s Mukherjee Nagar and in the city of Varanasi. It traces some of the ways in which people hold ideologies about the significance of studying in one medium or another. Much ideological reflection, for example, was oriented to the fierce protesting that broke out in various locations in Delhi during the summer of 2014, just before my fieldwork. The protests were focused on changes made to the UPSC examination in 2011 which initiated increasingly poor results among Hindi-medium aspirants. The article also answers the call of scholars to consider institutional practices – especially as they change – alongside ideological reflections because, in the case of coaching centers, practice and ideology are not aligned.
The right to education act (2009): Instructional medium and dis-citizenship
Authors: Bhattacharya Usree , Jiang Lei 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
While the broader ambition of the Indian government’s Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education (RTE) Act (2009) has been lauded, scholars have expressed reservations with the universal education measure. One area that has not been adequately addressed within these debates is the instructional medium. While RTE (2009) recognizes children who are “disadvantaged” as linguistic minorities, and stipulates that the “medium of instruction shall, as far as practicable, be in child’s mother tongue”, it offers little further direction. India is home to more than 1,652 languages, but only 43 languages function as instructional media. Therefore, the majority of children learn in a tongue that is not their home language, experiencing serious educational disadvantages. How this issue complicates the intent of the RTE (2009) Act remains to be explored. This article examines this gap using the theoretical lens of dis-citizenship, which is conceptualized in terms of exclusions experienced by marginalized groups. Here, we focus on those marginalized by the language of instruction. We investigate questions about language access, inclusion, equity, and rights arising from RTE (2009), within the narrative of India’s complex, hierarchical multilingualism.
Topological optimization of the fork-end of a knuckle joint
Authors: Jain Naman 
Published: August 2018

AbstractTopology optimization is a mathematical approach that optimizes the layout for the given design constraints such as loading and boundary conditions so that the optimum design obtained performs its function. In different types of loading conditions such as single load or multiple load topological optimization result in the best use of a material for a body in given volume constraints. In topological optimization the structural compliance is minimized while satisfying a constraint on the volume of the structure. This paper represents the topological optimization of the fork-end (double eye) of a knuckle joint with the objective to reduce the mass of an existing fork-end of a knuckle joint of an automobile or locomotive by applying the optimization technique. Reducing the weight of an automobile part will result in the overall weight reduction of a vehicle, thus, its energy consumption demands decrease thereby improving its fuel efficiency. The topological optimization was done using a finite element solver, ANSYS. The ANSYS Parametric Design Language was employed for utilizing the topological optimization capabilities of the commonly used finite element solver ANSYS. Solid92 elements were used to model and mesh the fork end of the knuckle joint in ANSYS. The optimality criteria method was used for topological optimizing the fork end of a knuckle joint.
Parametric Analysis of Self-Phase Modulation in Single-Tone RoF System
Authors: Kathpal Namita , Garg Amit Kumar 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Self-phase modulation (SPM) is one of the major non-linear effect in single-tone radio over fiber system which limits the long-distance transmission as it leads to the broadening of pulse spectrum. In this paper, the mathematical and parametric analysis was carried out to understand the origination and upgradation of SPM and based on results achieved, a rigorous evaluation has been conducted to decrease the impact of SPM. The effect of SPM has been evaluated in terms of optical spectrums, eye diagrams, eye-opening and Q-factor by utilizing four important parameters specifically launched power, fiber effective area, bit rate and fiber attenuation using OptiSystem simulator which reveals insight information for the elimination of non-linear effects.
Etiology of short stature in Indian children and an assessment of the growth hormone-insulin-like growth factor axis in children with idiopathic short stature
Authors: Kumar Anil , Pal Ankita , Kalaivani Mani , Gupta Nandita , Jain Vandana 
Published: August 2018

AbstractBackgroundOur objectives were to evaluate the etiology of short stature, assess the prevalence of idiopathic short stature (ISS) and assess the growth hormone (GH)-insulin-like growth factor (IGF) axis in children with ISS.MethodsA stepwise diagnostic evaluation was done in 394 children aged 4–16 years with short stature. Children with no definitive etiology were labeled as ISS. In these children, baseline IGF-1, IGF binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) and stimulated IGF-1 after administration of GH for 4 days were measured.ResultsHypothyroidism (in 18.1%) and ISS (in 15.5%) were the commonest causes of short stature. In children with ISS (n=61), the mean baseline and stimulated IGF-1 standard deviation scores (SDSs) were −1.2±1.0 and −0.3±1.4, respectively, with levels below −2 SDS in 13 (21%) and six (10%) children, respectively. In 33 (54%) of the ISS patients, response to GH was suboptimal (increment in the IGF-1 level <40%). There was no difference in the mean peak GH, IGFBP-3 and baseline and stimulated IGF-1 levels between children with familial and non-familial ISS. A significant positive correlation of height SDS with baseline IGF-1 SDS (r=0.28, p=0.026), stimulated IGF-1 SDS (r=0.32, p=0.010) and ΔIGF-1 SDS (r=0.26, p=0.036) was observed in children with ISS.ConclusionsHypothyroidism and ISS were the commonest etiologies for short stature. The baseline IGF-1 was below −2 SDS in 21% and the increment after GH stimulation was suboptimal in 54% of children, indicating that a substantial proportion of children with ISS had an impaired GH-IGF axis.
A Bayesian regression approach to handicapping tennis players based on a rating system
Authors: Chan Timothy C.Y. , Singal Raghav 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThis paper builds on a recently developed Markov Decision Process-based (MDP) handicap system for tennis, which aims to make amateur matches more competitive. The system gives points to the weaker player based on skill difference, which is measured by the point-win probability. However, estimating point-win probabilities at the amateur level is challenging since point-level data is generally only available at the professional level. On the other hand, tennis rating systems are widely used and provide an estimate of the difference in ability between players, but a rigorous determination of handicap using rating systems is lacking. Therefore, our goal is to develop a mapping between the Universal Tennis Rating (UTR) system and the MDP-based handicaps, so that two amateur players can determine an appropriate handicap for their match based only on their UTRs. We first develop and validate an approach to extract server-independent point-win probabilities from match scores. Then, we show how to map server-independent point-win probabilities to server-specific point-win probabilities. Finally, we use the estimated probabilities to produce handicaps via the MDP model, which are regressed against UTR differences between pairs of players. We conclude with thoughts on how a handicap system could be implemented in practice.
Entry and Exit of Nonprofit Organizations
Authors: Barbetta Gian Paolo , Canino Paolo , Cima Stefano , Verrecchia Flavio 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe latest census of Italian nonprofit organizations – compared with the previous one – showed a significant development of the nonprofit sector between 2001 and 2011. The number of organizations increased more than 28 % while the growth of employees (about 61 %) was even more impressive.These results notwithstanding, the mere comparison of aggregate census data does not give a true understanding of the dynamic of the sector. The entry and exit of organizations, as well as their migration between different sectors of activity, or geographical areas, can be analyzed properly only using firm-level panel data, but these data are rarely available so that only a few authors had a chance to use them. In this paper, we try to fill this gap using firm-level panel data for the first time in Italy. Our analysis tempers the optimism arising from aggregate data. We show that: a) part of the growth is determined by the emergence of already active organizations that were not detected a decade ago; b) because of low barriers, the entry of new nonprofit organizations is very relevant, but their net contribution to the growth of employment is quite small; c) opposite to what happened in other countries, the exit of nonprofit organizations is very significant, and d) organizations that were already active a decade ago gave the most important contribution to the growth of employment. We also investigate geographical trends, showing that the slower growth of the nonprofit sector in Southern Italy depends on the very high exit rate of the area, while the entry rate is more or less in line with the rest of the country.
Inflammation in Alzheimer’s disease: A friend or foe?
Authors: Chiroma Samaila Musa , Baharuldin Mohamad Taufik Hidayat , Taib Che Norma Mat , Amom Zulkhairi , Jagadeesan Saravanan , Moklas Mohamad Aris Mohd 
Published: August 2018

Background: There is a dearth of precise information for molecular and cellular mechanisms responsible for the development of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, convincing data from clinical research and basic molecular biology have shown that inflammation of the brain is an integral part of AD. In this review, the role of inflammation in AD will be highlighted.
Methods: Articles from credible scientific databases, such as ScienceDirect, Scopus, PubMed, Google Scholar and Mendeley, were searched and retrieved using keywords ‘inflammation’, ‘Alzheimer’s disease’, ‘tau’, and ‘beta amyloid’.
Results: At present, there is no local inflammatory-inciting factor that is closely associated with AD, although it has been proposed that inflammation could be induced by pathologic hallmarks of AD, such as beta amyloid (Aβ) peptide plagues and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), or fragments of degenerated neurons. However, it is still unclear whether inflammation leads to the development of AD or if the pathological hallmarks of AD induce inflammation.
Conclusion: Inflammation is, indeed, an integral part of AD. Further studies on inflammatory-targeted therapies for AD are highly recommended.
Dr. Jon Saphier Interview: Decades of Success in Educational Leadership
Authors: Welby Kathryn Anne 
Published: August 2018

<p>Dr. Jon Saphier<strong> </strong>is an international leader in education. His legend remains as he continues to expand on his Boston University’s ethnographic dissertation (1980), which later became the best selling textbook, <em>The Skillful Teacher </em>(2008). Dr. Saphier has sustained his leadership position internationally by continuously advocating for best teaching practices worldwide. This paper contains an interview with Jon Saphier and analysis of his leadership practices. Dr. Saphier discusses his core values of leadership, his successful approach to change initiatives, leadership failures, and critical elements of effective leadership. Dr. Saphier continues to be a driving force in educational initiatives worldwide. His humble, yet strong, approach is the foundation of his leadership sustainability. Dr. Saphier continues to mold his legacy as an educational leader by publishing, consulting, researching, developing models of district improvement, creating alliances, keynote speaking, and inspiring future educators. Jon Saphier continues to be a driving force in effective international educational practices. </p>
Developing and Sustaining Sustainability-Related Academic Programming: Observations of Emerging Practices
Authors: Alibašić Haris , Crawley William 
Published: August 2018

<p>The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview and summary of selected sustainability-related academic programs and certificates delivered by universities and colleges located in the same geographic area (Grand Rapids, Michigan, U.S.). Holistic and practical dimensions of creating and sustaining educational programs are evaluated, and emerging outcomes from universities with a history of prosperous sustainability studies programs are provided as models of applicability. The possible effects of the level of formalizing sustainability in higher education and different aspects of academic-level sustainability programming at universities and colleges in a single geographic region were studied in a comparative perspective. The study focused on the role of internal and external leadership, political and appointed officials, networking factors of various stakeholders, demand for sustainability in education, and the resources commitment in staffing. We evaluated each element in the context of sustainability in education and longevity and self-support. These findings and the concept of successfully developing and sustaining sustainability‑related academic programs in Grand Rapids (MI) are examined within a broad and holistic context encompassing educational, programmatic, socioeconomic, organizational, and leadership dimensions. While further research is warranted, predictably, all elements performed well and added value to the conceptual framework of developing and sustaining sustainability-related academic programming with potential lessons applicable to the programmatic approaches to education domestically and abroad.</p>
CASAS DE FARINHA: REFLEXÕES ACERCA DO TRABALHO E EDUCAÇÃO EM COMUNIDADES TRADICIONAIS DO INTERIOR DA BAHIA.
Authors: Santos Marisa Oliveira , Amaral Urânia Teixeira , Alves Ana Elizabeth Santos , Cavalcanti Junior Manoel Nunes 
Published: August 2018

O presente estudo tem como objetivo descrever a memória das relações entre trabalho e educação no processo de construção de experiências educativas nas Casas de Farinha em comunidades tradicionais do interior da Bahia. Para tanto, intencionou-se, a priori, na evocação de registros históricos, passando sequencialmente para a contextualização e caracterização de três localidades tradicionais na fabricação da farinha no interior da Bahia: comunidade de Campinhos e Simão e povoado de Itaipu. As análises foram realizadas por meio de entrevistas. Pontuou-se, a memória materializada nas narrativas dos moradores, ressaltando elementos que referendam a relação entre a educação e o trabalho como base de convergência entre a prática laboral e experiências educativas. Os fundamentos teóricos, como Cascudo (1983); Saviani (2007); Pedroza (2014); Simmel (2006), dentre outros, respaldaram a discussão preterida. Ao término, verificou-se que as Casas de Farinha veiculam a farinhada além do seu processo produtivo, sendo possível discutir elementos como divisão sexual do trabalho, sociabilidade familiar na produção, a relação homem e natureza e o trabalho como fonte precípua de construção de experiências educativas.