bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Supervisors’ self-disclosure enhances subordinates’ trust: the mediating role of subordinates’ charismatic attributions
Authors: Ito Ai , Harrison Jennifer A. , Bligh Michelle 
Published: December 2024

PurposeDrawing on a cognitive attribution approach to charismatic leadership, this study identifies an overlooked influence behavior – supervisor self-disclosure of a traumatic loss as contributing to subordinate charismatic attributions (e.g. idealized influence) and trust toward their supervisor.Design/methodology/approachEmploying an experimental vignette method, participants (n = 201) were assigned to one of two conditions: (1) supervisor self-disclosure of traumatic loss or (2) control condition, and then reported on charismatic attributions about the supervisor in the scenario and trust toward the supervisor.FindingsThe results revealed that supervisors’ self-disclosure to subordinates influences subordinate attributions of charisma toward their supervisors and affective-based, cognitive-based trust.Research limitations/implicationsWhile an experimental approach supports causal inference, future research may consider the long-term effects of supervisors’ self-disclosure on subordinates’ attributions and trust.Practical implicationsSelf-disclosure may be used authentically but cautiously to build relationships with subordinates and potentially benefit management development programs.Originality/valueThis study provides the first empirical insights into how a supervisor’s disclosure of a traumatic loss – an uncharted territory – affects subordinates’ perceptions of the supervisor’s charisma and subsequent trust.
“We publish open access as outsiders”: a Bourdieuan approach to understanding marginalised academics’ publishing community
Authors: Xu Hao 
Published: December 2024

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to explore the motivations and experiences of university academics who engage in open access publishing for survival and academic development.Design/methodology/approachThis study employs a multiple-case qualitative approach, drawing on Bourdieu’s theory of practice to investigate the activities and experiences of seven academics as they strived to publish in indexed open access journals. Data were collected through in-depth interviews and observation, focusing on the academics’ strategies for obtaining cultural capital.FindingsFindings reveal that they viewed this publishing community more as an imagined or virtual community from which they could obtain cultural capital and seek the sense of belonging to compensate for the outsider identity and peripheral positioning within their institutions. The acquired cultural capital not only helped them feel more connected but also influenced their institutional status, as increased visibility and recognition from publishing successes began to alter how they were perceived within their professional environments, sometimes enhancing their standing but also occasionally reinforcing marginalisation.Originality/valueThis study contributes to the existing literature by providing a refined understanding of the motivations and experiences of academics engaged in open access publishing. It offers a unique perspective on the formation and functioning of non-institutional communities in academia, highlighting the role of cultural capital and identity negotiation in shaping these communities. Furthermore, it sheds light on the challenges and opportunities faced by academics seeking to publish open access and provides insights for institutions seeking to support their faculty in this endeavour.
Empowerment typologies of female entrepreneurs in Zimbabwe: overcoming socio-economic challenges
Authors: Woyo Erisher , Venganai Hellen , Leung Xi Yu 
Published: December 2024

Purpose
Female entrepreneurs in tourism are increasingly asserting themselves, yet there is a need to examine the psychological empowerment dimensions of their entrepreneurial journeys. This study aims to address this gap by defining psychological empowerment typologies of female entrepreneurs operating in challenging socio-economic contexts in urban Zimbabwe.

Design/methodology/approach
This research used data from face-to-face and online interviews with 20 female entrepreneurs in urban Zimbabwe.

Findings
The study identified four distinct typologies of psychologically empowered entrepreneurs: resilient, collaborative, social change and authentic entrepreneurs. These typologies show unique patterns of intrapersonal, interactional, behavioural and relational empowerment dimensions, highlighting the multidimensional nature of psychological empowerment among female entrepreneurs.

Originality/value
This research makes an original contribution by exploring psychological empowerment typologies among female entrepreneurs in Zimbabwe. It examines the intersection of socio-economic challenges and empowerment dynamics and identifies distinct typologies. These insights provide valuable guidance for policymakers, support organisations and female entrepreneurs to design targeted interventions that enhance entrepreneurial empowerment and promote gender equality.
Elevational differentiation occurs alongside high plasticity in a general‐purpose genotype invasive plant
Authors: Millar Aaron , Chapman Hazel 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Highly plastic general‐purpose genotypes are a frequent occurrence among invasive plants. Yet it remains uncertain to what extent genetic differentiation can co‐occur with such elevated levels of plasticity. Understanding the interplay between these two evolutionary strategies is essential to understand potential invasive success and future climate change responses.

We investigated the potential for genetic shifts between upland and lowland populations of the highly plastic invasive herb Erythranthe guttata in New Zealand. We aimed to determine (a) the presence of genetic differentiation between upland and lowland origin E. guttata populations; (b) whether any differences aligned with established adaptive patterns; and (c) whether genetic differentiation was occurring alongside the high plasticity of E. guttata populations in response to varying elevations.

We grew cuttings from 38 E. guttata populations from upland and lowland Canterbury in a lowland and an upland common garden, where we measured a wide range of growth and reproductive traits.

We found significant differentiation between upland and lowland origin populations over most measured traits. Plants sourced from upland populations flowered earlier and produced more flowers than plants originating from lowland populations. Lowland origin plants were taller, had larger leaves and higher photosynthetic rates than upland plants. These differences occurred alongside high levels of unspecialised plasticity to the growing environment.

Synthesis: We found that over a period of less than 150 years, distinct lowland and upland phenotypes of E. guttata have emerged. These differences are consistent with known selective patterns to elevation that favour reproductive security at higher elevations and competitive ability at lower elevations. This rapid genetic differentiation occurred alongside high plasticity to growing environment, suggesting that highly plastic invasive species still retain the capacity to genetically adapt to novel environments.
A Study of Crisis Discourse on the COVID‐19 in Brazil: Discourse Manipulation and Power Struggles
Authors: Peng Liu 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTPublic health safety belongs to the category of ‘securitization’. However, in some countries, there is a tendency of discourse manipulation and desecuritization in COVID‐19's discourse. This paper first embarks from the perspective of the Copenhagen School's securitization theory and employs an analytical framework of discourse manipulation to deconstruct the process of Bolsonaro's ‘desecuritization’ crisis discourse construction in response to the COVID‐19 threat in his country, which consists in discourse restraint, discourse framing, discourse positioning. The results show that: in terms of discourse restraint strategy, Bolsonaro's government realizes this strategy by reducing the frequency of epidemic topics, continuously suppressing scientific discourse on epidemic prevention and control and suppressing public health and safety discourse through political discourse. In terms of framing strategies, the nature, severity, causes and responsibilities of COVID‐19 problem are diagnosed, respectively. Through the negative frame of other programmes and the positive frame of the epidemic plan, the president constructs the expected frame of COVID‐19 problem. Through incentive framing, his discourse stimulates Brazilian people's support for the federal government and the president himself and enhances public confidence in Brazil's success in overcoming the epidemic. In terms of discourse positioning strategy, the plots of ‘focusing on economic issues’, ‘life first’, ‘freedom first’ and ‘sovereignty first’ are adopted, respectively. Drawing on the three‐dimensional analytical framework as a Critical Discourse Analysis tool, Bolsonaro's discourse manipulation and desecuritization strategies reflect an antagonistic regard towards the relations between economic development and epidemic prevention and a rival perspective towards the relationship between administrative authority and professional authority, and furthermore, the overlapping left‐right power struggles under the crossover of the era of ‘Great changes not seen in a century’ and the COVID‐19's non‐traditional security crisis.
Evaluation of older patients with minor blunt head trauma to identify those who do not have clinically important traumatic brain injury and can be safely managed without cranial computed tomography
Authors: Mellett Tanya , West Courtney , Emeto Theophilus I , Dutson Jane , Khoo Angeline , Gangathimmaiah Vinay 
Published: December 2024

AbstractObjectiveOur primary aim was to identify a low‐risk subgroup of older adults (aged 65 and older) presenting to ED with minor head trauma which can be safely managed without a cranial CT (cCT).MethodsThis was a single‐site, prospective, observational, cohort study conducted at a major‐referral ED. Alert, haemodynamically stable, older adults with suspected head trauma were eligible. This included both community dwellers and residential aged care facility (RACF) residents. Primary outcome was the proportion of patients who had a clinically important traumatic brain injury (ciTBI) within 42 days of index ED presentation. Secondary outcomes included proportion investigated with a cCT, and proportion needing neurosurgical intervention.ResultsTwo hundred seventy‐six patients (mean age 80.5 years; 53.6% female) were enrolled. The most common mechanism of injury was ground‐level fall (93.8%). One in four patients was from RACFs, 30.1% had dementia and 52.2% were on blood thinners. 80.8% had a cCT during the index ED visit. Seven (2.5%) patients had ciTBI within 42 days of index ED presentation. Patients with ciTBI had either external signs of head injury or abnormal neurological exam. All patients with ciTBI were treated conservatively after shared decision‐making.ConclusionsAlert, haemodynamically stable, older ED adults with suspected head trauma had a low incidence of ciTBI in the present study. Abnormal physical examination findings were consistently present in patients with ciTBI. Shared decision‐making prior to cCT may be the pragmatic way ahead in the management of this patient cohort, especially among those from RACFs.
Exploring the potential of flour, starch concentrate, and protein concentrate from Richlea lentils in the development of lentil based extruded puffs
Authors: Allan Edwin , Bajwa Dilpreet S. , Ganjyal Girish M. , Kim Sun‐Hwa , McPhee Kevin E. , Obiri‐Yeboah Moses , Kuo Wan‐Yuan 
Published: December 2024

AbstractLentil puffs were developed from a mixed design of varying weight fractions of lentil flour (x1), lentil starch concentrate (x2), and lentil protein concentrate (x3) using a twin‐screw pilot scale extruder at a dry feed rate of 20 kg/h (d.b.), a water feed rate of 2 kg/h, and an extruder screw speed of 350 rpm. Evaluations of the extrudate properties (expansion ratio, unit density), instrumental texture (hardness, crunchiness, and crispiness), and sensory properties (overall and texture liking, just about right (JAR), and check all that apply (CATA) were conducted, and the optimum lentil puff formulation was determined from sensory liking. Increasing x1 and x2 both increased the expansion ratio of the lentil puffs, whereas the interactions of x3 with x1 and x2 both reduced the unit density. All three formulation factors positively impacted the instrumental crunchiness and crispiness of the lentil puffs, whereas x3 had a larger impact on crunchiness, and x1 and x2 had a larger impact on crispiness. Lentil puff formulations with x3 ≥ 0.66 presented significantly lower sensory liking scores than those with x2 ≥ 0.33. The JAR test revealed that all lentil puff formulations were penalized for not having the right level of hardness, whereas the CATA test identified the crispy and crunchy attributes to positively correlate with overall and texture liking scores. The optimum lentil puff formulation was predicted from a maximum overall liking score of 6.1 and texture liking score of 6.7, to contain 50% (w/w, d.b.) of lentil starch concentrate and 25% of both lentil flour and lentil protein concentrate.
Mystic doubt: In search of pure consciousness
Authors: Ohlson Olof 
Published: December 2024

AbstractTranscendental Meditation (TM) holds that the essence of reality is “pure consciousness.” This piece contrasts three interpretations of their meditative trance: (i) TM doctrine, and (ii) scientific physicalism, (iii) with my own meditative experience. Pure consciousness events, defined as wakeful contentless consciousness, are known to occur, but what ontological basis do they have? While cosmic consciousness may be the only ontological ultimate there is, my meditative introspection does not neatly align with TM dogma. In search of the right metaphor, this piece journeys over mystical notions of divine darkness, contemplates evidence regimes, and proposes “mystic doubt” or ontological skepticism as an alternative to ontological relativism.
Atypical Type 2 Lepra Reaction Masquerading as Recurrent Sweet Syndrome
Authors: Sidhom Seraphima , Yang Eric , Gowda Asha , Kim Lori S. , Robinson‐Bostom Leslie , Massoud Cathy 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTErythema nodosum leprosum (ENL) is an immune complex‐mediated response in Mycobacterium leprae infection, presenting with fever, arthralgias, and tender cutaneous lesions. It mimics Sweet syndrome (SS) clinically and histologically but requires distinct management. A 65‐year‐old man with recent travel presented with fever and edematous plaques. Initial findings supported SS, improving with corticosteroids. Symptom recurrence and a contact's leprosy diagnosis led to further testing, revealing M. leprae through repeat staining and tissue PCR. This case underscores the need to consider ENL in Sweet‐like cases with relevant travel history. Repeat staining and molecular testing are essential for accurate diagnosis and treatment.
The Roles of Vitamin D Receptor (VDR) and CD8+ T‐Lymphocytes in Acral and Mucosal Melanoma Invasion Depth
Authors: Usman Hermin Aminah , Sholihah Fitria , Dewayani Birgitta M. , Giovani Octavianus 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundAcral and mucosal melanomas, the most common sun‐shielded site melanoma subtypes in Asia and Indonesia, often yield poor prognoses. The invasion depth reflects their progressivity, and the pathogenesis is influenced by vitamin D receptor (VDR) status and CD8+ T‐Lymphocyte amount. This study aims to determine the association between the invasion depth of acral and mucosal melanomas with their VDR and CD8+ immunoexpression.MethodsA cross‐sectional observational study was conducted on 60 formalin‐fixed paraffin‐embedded (FPPE) samples, with equal representation in acral and mucosal melanoma groups from 2017 to 2021. The samples were assessed for the invasion depth and immunoexpression of VDR and CD8+. A chi‐square test with an alternative Exact–Fisher analysis was used to determine the association between the variables in both subtype groups.ResultsAn association between VDR and CD8+ immunoexpression and invasion depth in acral melanoma (p value = 0.0001 and 0.009, respectively) was observed, while only VDR immunoexpression was associated with the invasion depth in mucosal melanoma (p‐value =0.004). Interestingly, no association was found between CD8+ immunoexpression and the invasion depth in mucosal melanoma (p = 0.640).ConclusionThe role of VDR and CD8+ T‐lymphocytes are inversely associated with melanoma depth in acral melanoma, while only VDR is associated with melanoma depth in mucosal melanoma.
‘Insufficient’/‘Inadequate’/‘Non‐Diagnostic’ Category of the WHO Reporting System for Lung Cytopathology, 2022: A Survey About Use in Practice
Authors: Vega‐Gonzalez Jesus , de la Torre Serrano Montserrat , Colino Gallardo Ana María , Bergillos Giménez María Reyes , Hernández Martínez Desiré , García Egido Alejandro , de Hita Castillo Miguel , Lample Brusel Ignacio , Oteo Cerrato Elvira , Platero Sanz Sara , Nielsen Lone , Fernández‐Aceñero Mª Jesús 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionThe new ‘WHO Reporting System for Lung Cytopathology’ (2022) includes an ‘Insufficient’/‘Inadequate’/‘Non‐diagnostic’ category. Although they recommend that each laboratory should choose one term to report this diagnostic category, they do not recommend one term over the others. Our aim was to evaluate the use of these three terms in pulmonary FNACs among Spanish pathologists.MethodsA web‐based survey among Spanish pathologists using Google Forms was performed. It included 14 yes/no and multiple‐choice questions, the latter with an open‐text option where it was possible to give a different answer from the ones given. Some questions inquired about their daily practice routine whilst others proposed different cytological examples with the intention of knowing how they would report those particular cases.ResultsTwenty‐eight participants (18 cytopathologists, two general pathologists and seven residents) from 17 different Spanish hospitals completed the survey. Most of the respondents use more than one term of this diagnostic category, and there is a lack of reproducibility on the criteria to use one specific term.ConclusionThere is a need to clearly define this category to reduce variability between pathologists.
Risk of cardiovascular disease in elderly subjects with obesity and liver fibrosis and the potential benefit of statin treatment
Authors: Theel Willy B. , de Jong Vivian D. , Castro Cabezas Manuel , Grobbee Diederick E. , Jukema Johan W. , Trompet Stella 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBackgroundLiver fibrosis progression is influenced by older age and cardiometabolic risk factors such as obesity and is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events. While statins may protect against cardiovascular complications, their effects in elderly individuals with obesity and liver fibrosis are unclear.MethodThe PROspective Study of Pravastatin in the Elderly at Risk (PROSPER) database was used to evaluate the effect of pravastatin on major adverse cardiovascular events in an elderly population (>70 years). Subjects were categorized by BMI: lean (<25 kg/m2), overweight (25–29.9 kg/m2) and obese (≥30 kg/m2). Liver fibrosis was assessed using the FIB‐4 index: low risk (<2.0), intermediate risk (2.0–2.66) and high risk (≥2.67). Time‐to‐event data were analysed using the Cox proportional hazards model, adjusted for confounders and compared the placebo and pravastatin groups.ResultsA total of 5.804 subjects were included. In the placebo group, the highest risk group (high FIB‐4 and obesity) had a significantly higher hazard ratio for (non‐)fatal stroke (HR 2.74; 95% CI 1.19–6.29) compared to the low FIB‐4, lean BMI group. This risk disappeared in the same pravastatin group. Pravastatin did not affect other cardiovascular endpoints. All‐cause mortality was significantly higher in subjects with lean weight and high FIB‐4 on placebo (HR 1.88; 95% CI 1.14–3.11), but not on pravastatin (HR .58; 95% CI .28–1.20).ConclusionElderly individuals with obesity and liver fibrosis are at higher risk for (non‐)fatal stroke, which is reduced with pravastatin. Pravastatin also potentially lowers all‐cause mortality in subjects with lean weight and liver fibrosis.
Back to Basics With Teacher Recruitment: What Do STEM Undergraduates Want?
Authors: Snell Rebecca J. S. , Klassen Robert M. , Thompson‐Lee Sophie , Wang Hui 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThe recruitment of undergraduate students in England into teacher education is a recognised challenge with recruitment targets having been missed in nine of the last 10 years. The recruitment shortfalls are most acute within STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) subjects. This qualitative study explores which aspects of teaching attract and deter undergraduate STEM students from entering the profession, and which aspects of the vocation are unknown to undergraduates. Participants consisted of 267 STEM undergraduate students (73% White British; 57% female) from a broad range of UK universities. The sample reflected the sociodemographic characteristics (e.g., ethnicity, gender, socioeconomic background [SEB]) of undergraduate students in British universities. Data for this study consisted of responses to open‐ended questions about interest in teaching generated after exposure to an experimental vignette intervention consisting of 12 teaching‐related vignettes, each exhibiting a different motivation for entering teaching. Data were coded using reflexive thematic analysis and multiple indexing. Findings from this study suggested that participants were primarily attracted to teaching by the perceived emotional rewards of supporting young people, and the tangible benefits (e.g., holidays) made the career desirable. However, participants also felt an imbalance between the pull and push factors of teaching. Workload and negative treatment of teachers were seen as the central deterrents to entering teaching; however, we also found that there was a significant knowledge deficit about what teaching entails.
An Artificial Intelligence‐Based Interactive Learning Environment for Music Education in China: Traditional Chinese Music and Its Contemporary Development as a Way to Increase Cultural Capital
Authors: Yin Lu , Guo Ruosi 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThis quasi‐experimental study aims to investigate the effectiveness of artificial intelligence (AIVA app) within an interactive music‐learning environment. The ANCOVA was used to compare the performance of students using Artificial Intelligence Virtual Artist (AIVA) and those studying with traditional lecture‐based instructions. Students in the AIVA group quickly mastered the new material and reported interest in the theoretical part of the course. The lecture group showed the opposite trend. Future research can involve a larger sample of 3–5 universities and compare student performance across Europe, Asia and the Americas. It is also worth considering the main shortcomings of the existing online artificial intelligence systems for music generation. The results of the study suggest that lecture‐based instructions are less effective than artificial intelligence in teaching music. However, it seems important to have direct interactions during class; otherwise, students will lose interest, pay less attention and report fatigue.