bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical decision making and risk appraisal using electronic risk assessment tools (eRATs) for cancer diagnosis: A qualitative study of GP experiences
Authors: Burns Alex , Fletcher Emily , Shephard Elizabeth , Calitri Raff , Tarrant Mark , Mercer Adrian , Hamilton William , Dean Sarah 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundElectronic Risk Assessment Tools (eRATs) are intended to improve early primary care cancer diagnosis. eRATs which interrupt a consultation to suggest a possibility of a cancer diagnosis, could impact clinical appraisal and the experience of the consultation. This study explores this issue using data collected within the context of the ERICA trial.AimTo explore experiences of General Practitioners (GPs) who used the ERICA eRATs, and how the tool impacted their perception of risk and diagnostic thinking, and communication of this to patients.Design & settingQualitative interviews with GPs from English General Practices undertaking the ERICA trial.MethodParticipants were purposefully sampled from practices participating in the intervention arm of the ERICA trial. 18 GPs undertook semi-structured interviews via MS Teams. Thematic Analysis was used to explore their perspectives the impact of eRATs on consultations, diagnostic thinking related to cancer and other conditions, and how this information is communicated to patients.ResultsThree themes were developed: 1) eRATs were perceived as “Additional Armour”, offering a layer of protection against missing a cancer diagnosis, the defence coming at a cost of anxiety and complexity of consultation; 2) eRATs were seen as another actor in the consultation, separate from clinician and patient, and challenging GP autonomy; and 3) GPs were conflicted about whether the numerical eRAT outputs were helpful when communicating with patients.ConclusioneRATs are appreciated as a defence against missing a cancer diagnosis. This defence comes at a cost and challenges GP’s freedom in communication and decision making.
Cerebrovascular-Specific Extracellular Matrix Bioink Promotes Blood–Brain Barrier Properties
Authors: Han Hohyeon , Lee Sooyeon , Gao Ge , Yi Hee-Gyeong , Paek Sun Ha , Jang Jinah 
Published: November 2024

Chronic neuroinflammation is a principal cause of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease. The blood–brain barrier predominantly comprises endothelial cells, and their intercellular communication with pericytes and other cell types regulates neuroinflammation. Here, we develop a tubular, perfusable model of human cerebrovascular tissues to study neurodegenerative diseases using cerebrovascular-specific extracellular matrix bioink, derived from a complementary blend of brain- and blood-vessel-derived extracellular matrices. The endothelial cells and pericytes in the bioprinted constructs spontaneously self-assemble into a dual-layered structure, closely mimicking the anatomy of the blood–brain barrier. Moreover, the mature cerebrovascular tissue shows physiological barrier functions and neuroinflammatory responses, indicating its potential for developing models of neuroinflammation-related pathologies. Collectively, our study demonstrates that furnishing a cerebrovascular-specific microenvironment can guide the cells to have native-like anatomical relevance and functional recapitulation in vitro.
Multi-Section Magnetic Soft Robot with Multirobot Navigation System for Vasculature Intervention
Authors: Li Zhengyang , Xu Qingsong 
Published: November 2024

Magnetic soft robots have recently become a promising technology that has been applied to minimally invasive cardiovascular surgery. This paper presents the analytical modeling of a novel multi-section magnetic soft robot (MS-MSR) with multi-curvature bending, which is maneuvered by an associated collaborative multirobot navigation system (CMNS) with magnetic actuation and ultrasound guidance targeted for intravascular intervention. The kinematic and dynamic analysis of the MS-MSR’s telescopic motion is performed using the optimized Cosserat rod model by considering the effect of an external heterogeneous magnetic field, which is generated by a mobile magnetic actuation manipulator to adapt to complex steering scenarios. Meanwhile, an extracorporeal mobile ultrasound navigation manipulator is exploited to track the magnetic soft robot’s distal tip motion to realize a closed-loop control. We also conduct a quadratic programming-based optimization scheme to synchronize the multi-objective task-space motion of CMNS with null-space projection. It allows the formulation of a comprehensive controller with motion priority for multirobot collaboration. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed magnetic soft robot can be successfully navigated within the multi-bifurcation intravascular environment with a shape modeling error

3.62
±

1.28
∘

and a tip error of

1.08
±
0.45

mm

under the actuation of a CMNS through in vitro ultrasound-guided vasculature interventional tests.
FABRIKASI BRIKET BERBASIS SEKAM PADI DAN TEMPURUNG KELAPA
Authors: Asrah Riska Nurihwatul , Jasruddin Jasruddim , Sulistiawaty Sulistiawaty 
Published: November 2024

Fabrikasi briket berbasis sekam padi dan tempurung kelapa telah dilakukan. Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengaruh komposisi bahan dasar briket sekam padi dan tempurung kelapa terhadap kualitas briket yang difabrikasi. Fabrikasi briket dalam penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tiga variasi campuran yaitu 100g SP + 300g TK, 200g SP + 400g TK, dan 300g SP + 300g TK. Pengujian dilakukan untuk mengetahui lama waktu pemakaian dan nilai kalor dari briket, dari tiga variasi campuran didapatkan waktu pembakaran terlama mencapai 130 menit dengan lama waktu penyalaan awal, yaitu 2 menit. Hal ini dapat dipengaruhi oleh kerapatan dan kandungan air pada briket. Nilai kalor juga mempengaruhi kualitas dari briket. Hasil analisis nilai kalor, diketahui briket yang telah difabrikasi dengan campuran tempurung kelapa dan sekam padi berkisar 1.663 kalori hingga 2.105 kalori. Hal ini disebabkan oleh komposisi campuran, briket dengan campuran tempurung kelapa lebih banyak dari sekam padi memiliki nilai kalori lebih besar.. Kata Kunci : Briket; Sekam padi; Tempurung kelapa
A experimentação investigativa na formação de professores de ciências naturais: a importância da extensão universitária
Authors: Pereira Kézia de Jesus , Gomes Rotta Jeane Cristina 
Published: November 2024

A experimentação investigativa pode promover o ensino e aprendizagem das ciências. Projetos de extensão universitária têm se destacado como espaços propícios para essa prática. Este trabalho teve como objetivo compreender como os egressos de uma licenciatura em ciências naturais percebem a contribuição da extensão universitária na promoção de experimentos investigativos. A pesquisa foi qualitativa e utilizou um questionário como instrumento de obtenção de dados, envolvendo a participação de dez egressos do curso. Os dados foram analisados por meio da análise textual discursiva e organizados em três categorias. Os resultados indicaram que, embora as aulas da graduação tenham favorecido a realização de experimentos, a abordagem investigativa esteve mais presente naqueles realizados no projeto de extensão.
Abstract
Investigative experimentation can promote science teaching and learning. University extension projects have stood out as favorable spaces for this practice. This study aims to understand how graduates from a degree course in natural sciences perceive the contribution of university extension in promoting investigative experiments. The research was qualitative and used a questionnaire as a data collection tool involving the participation of ten graduates of the course. The data was analyzed using discursive textual analysis and it was organized into three categories. Although the undergraduate classes favored experiments, the results indicated that the investigative approach was more present in those carried out in the extension project.
CARDIOPATIAS CONGÊNITAS: DA FISIOPATOLOGIA AO TRATAMENTO – RECONHECIMENTO E INTERVENÇÕES
Authors: Barcelos Carvalho Bárbara Aparecida , Gomes de Rezende Matheus , Alves Ferreira Aline , Almeida Isadora Luara , Barbosa Sobrinho Brenda Karoline , Machado Oliveira Bruno Rafaell , Belarmino de Sá Júnior Edelício , Santos Marinho Sophia , Fernandes Anderson Rodrigo , Carvalhaes Filho Carlos Antônio , Pires da Silva Neto José , Balz Rocha Grete Anélia 
Published: November 2024

Este artigo revisa as principais cardiopatias congênitas, abordando suas manifestações clínicas, fisiopatologia e opções de tratamento. A compreensão dessas condições é essencial para diagnósticos precisos, terapias eficazes e estratégias preventivas, visando melhorar o prognóstico e a qualidade de vida dos pacientes. A revisão baseia-se em 10 artigos selecionados, que exploram a fisiopatologia, diagnóstico e terapêuticas, enriquecendo o conhecimento sobre essas cardiopatias. As condições são classificadas em cianóticas e acianóticas, com diferenças nas manifestações clínicas. As cardiopatias cianóticas, como a tetralogia de Fallot e a transposição das grandes artérias, apresentam cianose e comprometimento hemodinâmico grave. Já as acianóticas, como a comunicação interatrial e interventricular, apresentam sintomas menos intensos, mas exigem monitoramento. O diagnóstico precoce e o tratamento adequado são fundamentais para o prognóstico. Avanços em técnicas de imagem, como a ecocardiografia fetal, e em intervenções cirúrgicas minimamente invasivas têm aprimorado a detecção e o manejo dessas condições, reduzindo a mortalidade neonatal e melhorando a qualidade de vida. Embora as cardiopatias cianóticas frequentemente exijam correções cirúrgicas urgentes, as acianóticas necessitam de monitoramento constante e, em alguns casos, de intervenções cirúrgicas. O acompanhamento contínuo e a educação dos pais são cruciais para garantir o bem-estar a longo prazo. A colaboração entre especialistas tem contribuído significativamente para a melhoria dos resultados clínicos. Em resumo, com diagnósticos precoces e tratamentos adequados, é possível reduzir a mortalidade e oferecer uma vida saudável e ativa aos pacientes com cardiopatias congênitas.

Palavras-chave: cardiopatias congênitas; mecanismos patológicos; abordagem terapêutica; diagnóstico; procedimentos intervencionistas.
EFICÁCIA DO VALOR ENERGÉTICO DO FARELO DA LOBEIRA (Solanum lycocarpum) OFERTADO A BOVINOS COM BASE EM MODELOS MATEMÁTICOS : ESTUDO EXPERIMENTAL
Authors: Diniz Camatini Heloisa Stephanie , Barbosa Alves Junior Carlos Donato , Souza de Oliveira Cleber , Moreira Souza Gustavo Henrique , Amaral Rodrigues Camilo Henrique Otávio , Palma Soares Leonardo , Aguilar Barreto Vinícius , Munhoz de Moraes Bianca , Costa de vasconcelos Nathália , Junior Guido Ademir , Gomes de Alencar Araripe Marcio , Da Silva Barros Debora , Bastos Costa Nayara 
Published: November 2024

O conhecimento dos valores nutricionais dos alimentos é crucial para um bom desenvolvimento e rendimento dos ruminantes. Além disso, em decorrência do alto custo dos alimentos convencionais, é necessário obter novas fontes de alimentação confiáveis para adequação na dieta destes animais. Sendo assim, objetivou-se avaliar a predição do valor energético do farelo da lobeira (Solanum lycocarpum) por intermédio de modelos matemáticos. O experimento foi conduzido no Laboratório de Nutrição Animal e Bromatologia da Fazenda Escola Univan- Itajaí- SC. Utilizou-se 20 amostras do fruto da lobeira para as análises. Os valores bromatológicos e a quantificação matemática para a predição do valor energético foram obtidos com a metodologia recomendada por Detmann et al.. (2021). Os valores bromatológicos encontrados foram: Matéria seca (29,99%), proteína bruta (8,45%), proteína insolúvel em detergente ácido (1,87%), proteína insolúvel em detergente neutro (2,21%), matéria mineral (2,34%), fibra insolúvel em detergente neutro(19,70%), fibra insolúvel em detergente ácido (9,47%), extrato etéreo (2,91%), carboidratos não fibrosos (68,18%), pectina (7,18%), amido (51%) e lignina (1,08%). Os resultados da predição do valor energético foram: proteína bruta verdadeiramente digestível (6,73%), potencial digestivo do fdn (18,25%), potencial digestivo do extrato etéreo (0,84%), potencial digestivo dos carboidratos não fibrosos (65,10%), nutrientes digestíveis totais (80,17%), energia digestível (3,43%) e energia metabolizável (2,94%). Concluiu-se que o farelo de lobeira é uma fonte alternativa eficaz na substituição dos alimentos tradicionalmente utilizados na dieta dos animais ruminantes, com plena capacidade de fornecer energia e proteína de alto valor biológico.
JWST COMPASS: The 3–5 μm Transmission Spectrum of the Super-Earth L 98-59 c
Authors: Scarsdale Nicholas , Wogan Nicholas , Wakeford Hannah R. , Wallack Nicole L. , Batalha Natasha E. , Alderson Lili , Aguichine Artyom , Wolfgang Angie , Teske Johanna , Moran Sarah E. , López-Morales Mercedes , Kirk James , Gordon Tyler , Gao Peter , Batalha Natalie M. , Alam Munazza K. , Adams Redai Jea 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
We present a JWST Near-InfraRed Spectrograph (NIRSpec) transmission spectrum of the super-Earth exoplanet L 98-59 c. This small (R

p
= 1.385 ± 0.085R
⊕, M

p
= 2.22 ± 0.26 R
⊕), warm (T
eq = 553 K) planet resides in a multiplanet system around a nearby, bright (J = 7.933) M3V star. We find that the transmission spectrum of L 98-59 c is featureless at the precision of our data. We achieve precisions of 22 ppm in NIRSpec G395H’s NRS1 detector and 36 ppm in the NRS2 detector at a resolution R ∼ 200 (30 pixel wide bins). At this level of precision, we are able rule out primordial H2–He atmospheres across a range of cloud pressure levels up to at least ∼0.1 mbar. By comparison to atmospheric forward models, we also rule out atmospheric metallicities below ∼300× solar at 3σ (or, equivalently, atmospheric mean molecular weights below ∼10 g mol−1). We also rule out pure methane atmospheres. The remaining scenarios that are compatible with our data include a planet with no atmosphere at all, or higher-mean-molecular-weight atmospheres, such as CO2- or H2O-rich atmospheres. This study adds to a growing body of evidence suggesting that planets ≲1.5 R
⊕ lack extended atmospheres.
Characterization of Blue and Yellow Straggler Stars of Berkeley 39
Authors: Chand Komal , Rao Khushboo K. , Vaidya Kaushar , Panthi Anju 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
We characterize blue straggler stars (BSSs) and yellow straggler stars (YSSs) of the open cluster (OC) Berkeley 39 using multiwavelength observations including the Swift/Ultraviolet and Optical Telescope (UVOT). Our analysis also makes use of ultraviolet (UV) data from Galaxy Evolution Explorer, optical data from Gaia DR3 and Panoramic Survey Telescope and Rapid Response System, and infrared data from Two Micron All Sky Survey, Spitzer/IRAC, and Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer. Berkeley 39 is a ∼6 Gyr old Galactic OC located at a distance of ∼4200 pc. We identify 729 sources as cluster members utilizing a machine-learning algorithm, ML-MOC, on Gaia DR3 data. Of these, 17 sources are classified as BSS candidates and four as YSS candidates. We construct multiwavelength spectral energy distributions (SEDs) of 16 BSS and two YSS candidates, within the Swift/UVOT field, to analyze their properties. Out of these, eight BSS candidates and both the YSS candidates are successfully fitted with single-component SEDs. Five BSS candidates show marginal excess in the near-UV (NUV; fractional residual <0.3 in all but one UVOT filter), whereas three BSS candidates show moderate to significant excess in the NUV (fractional residual >0.3 in at least two UVOT filters). We present the properties of the BSS and YSS candidates, estimated based on the SED fits.
A JWST MIRI MRS View of the η Tel Debris Disk and Its Brown Dwarf Companion
Authors: Chai Yiwei , Chen Christine H. , Worthen Kadin , Li Alexis , Sefilian Antranik A. , Balmer William , Hines Dean C. , Law David R. , Sargent B. A. , Wyatt Mark , Lu Cicero X. , Perrin Marshall D. , Rebollido Isabel , Rickman Emily , Sloan G. C. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
We report JWST Mid-Infrared Instrument (MIRI) Medium Resolution Spectrograph (MRS) observations of the β Pic moving-group member, η Tel A, along with its brown dwarf binary companion, η Tel B. Following point-spread-function subtraction, we recover the spatially resolved flux from the debris disk around η Tel A, along with the position of the companion exterior to the disk. We present a new 5–26 μm epoch of spectroscopy for the disk, in which we discover a 20 μm silicate feature, and the first ever 11–21 μm spectrum of η Tel B, which indicates a bare photosphere. We derive a new epoch of relative astrometry for the companion, extending the baseline of measurements to 25 yr, and find that it is currently located near the apocenter of an eccentric long-period orbit. The companion’s orbit is close enough to the disk that it should significantly perturb the planetesimals within it, resulting in a detectable mid-IR pericenter glow and near alignment with the companion. Contrary to expectations, however, we find that the disk appears to be axisymmetric and potentially misaligned with the companion in the MIRI MRS data. We posit that this may be due to the presence of an additional, as-yet-undetected ∼0.7–30 M

J
planet orbiting interior to the disk, with a semimajor axis of ∼3–19 au.
A Young Super Star Cluster Powering a Nebula of Retained Massive Star Ejecta
Authors: Pascale Massimo , Dai Liang 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
We suggest that “Godzilla” of the lensed Sunburst galaxy (z = 2.37) is a young super star cluster powering a nebula of gravitationally trapped stellar ejecta. Employing Hubble Space Telescope photometry and spectroscopy from the Very Large Telescope (VLT) MUSE and VLT/X-Shooter, we infer the physical and chemical properties of the cluster and nebula, finding that Godzilla is young, 4–6 Myr; massive, 2 × 106
M
⊙ (1000/μ); of stellar metallicity, Z ≃ 0.25 Z
⊙; and has a compact far-UV component of ≲1 pc (1000/μ), where μ is the flux magnification factor. The gas is significantly enriched with N and He, indicating stellar wind material, and has highly elevated O relative to the stellar metallicity, indicating entrainment of core-collapse supernova (CCSN) ejecta. The high density, n
e ≃ 107−8 cm−3, implies a highly pressurized intracluster environment. We propose that the pressure results from CCSN-driven supersonic turbulence in warm, self-shielding gas, which has accumulated in the cluster center after runaway radiative cooling and is dense enough to resist removal by CCSNe. The nebula gas shows subsolar C/O, Ne/O, and Si/O, which may reflect the CCSN element yields for initial stellar masses >40 M
⊙. A comparison to element yield synthesis models for young star clusters shows that the gas abundances are consistent with complete retention and mixture of stellar winds and CCSN ejecta until the inferred cluster age. The inferred O and He enhancement may have implications for the formation of multiple stellar populations in globular clusters, as stars formed from this gas would contradict the observed abundances of second-population stars.
Why Do Semianalytic Models Predict Higher Scatter in the Stellar Mass–Halo Mass Relation Than Cosmological Hydrodynamic Simulations?
Authors: Porras-Valverde Antonio J. , Forbes John C. , Somerville Rachel S. , Stevens Adam R. H. , Holley-Bockelmann Kelly , Berlind Andreas A. , Genel Shy 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Semianalytic models (SAMs) systematically predict higher-stellar mass scatter at a given halo mass than hydrodynamical simulations and most empirical models. Our goal is to investigate the physical origin of this scatter by exploring modifications to the physics in the SAM Dark Sage. We design two black hole formation models that approximate results from the IllustrisTNG 300-1 hydrodynamical simulation. In the first model, we assign a fixed black hole mass of 106
M
⊙ to every halo that reaches 1010.5
M
⊙. In the second model, we disregard any black hole growth as implemented in the standard Dark Sage model. Instead, we force all black hole masses to follow the median z = 0 black hole mass–halo mass relation in IllustrisTNG 300-1 with an imposed fixed scatter. We find that each model on its own does not significantly reduce the scatter in stellar mass. To explore the effects of active galactic nucleus (AGN) feedback in addition to black hole seeding, we replace the native Dark Sage AGN feedback model with a simple model where we turn off cooling for galaxies with black hole masses above 108
M
⊙. With the additional modification in AGN feedback, we find that the supermassive black hole seeding and fixed conditional distribution models create a significant reduction in the scatter in stellar mass at halo masses between 1011–14
M
⊙. These results suggest that AGN feedback in SAMs acts in a qualitatively different way than feedback implemented in cosmological simulations. Either or both may require substantial modification to match the empirically inferred scatter in the stellar mass–halo mass relation.
The Variability of Persistent Radio Sources of Fast Radio Bursts
Authors: Yang Ai Yuan , Feng Yi , Tsai Chao-Wei , Li Di , Shi Hui , Wang Pei , Yang Yuan-Pei , Zhang Yong-Kun , Niu Chen-Hui , Yao Ju-Mei , Cui Yu-Zhu , Su Ren-Zhi , Li Xiao-Feng , Zhang Jun-Shuo , Zhu Yu-Hao , Cotton W. D. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Over 700 bright millisecond-duration radio transients, known as fast radio bursts (FRBs), have been identified to date. Nevertheless, the origin of FRBs remains unknown. Two repeating FRBs (FRB 20121102A and FRB 20190520B) have been verified to be associated with persistent radio sources (PRSs), making them the best candidates to study the nature of FRBs. Monitoring the variability in PRSs is essential for understanding their physical nature. We conducted 22 observations of the PRSs linked to FRB 20121102A and FRB 20190520B using the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array, to study their variability. We have observed significant flux variability for the PRSs of FRB 20121102A and FRB 20190520B, with a confidence level exceeding 99.99%, based on the observations covering the longest timescale recorded to date. The observed variability of the two PRSs exhibits no significant difference in amplitude across both short and long timescales. We found that the radio-derived star formation rates of the two FRB hosts are significantly higher than those measured by the optical H
α
emissions, indicating that their host galaxies are highly obscured or most radio emissions are not from star formation processes. The observed timescale of PRS flux evolution constrained the magnetic field of FRB 20121102A with B
∥ ≳ 1 mG and FRB 20190520B with B
∥ ≳ 0.1 mG.