bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Luminescence of Amphiphilic PtII Complexes Controlled by Confinement
Authors: Atoini Youssef , Prasetyanto Eko Adi , Chen Pengkun , Silvestrini Simone , Harrowfield Jack , De Cola Luisa 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe formation of hybrid silica‐based systems to study the effect of the confinement on the emission properties of self‐assembled platinum(II) complexes is reported. The complexes behave as surfactants since they possess a hydrophobic moiety and, on the ancillary ligand, a relatively long hydrophilic chain terminated with a positively charged group. The compounds, soluble in water, self‐assemble, even at very low concentration, in supramolecular structures which display an orange luminescence. The properties of the assemblies have been studied in detail and in order to stabilize these supramolecular architectures and to enhance their emission properties hybrid silica porous nanoparticles have been prepared. In particular the PtII complexes have been employed as co‐surfactant for the template formation of mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) using a sol gel synthesis. Interestingly, upon encapsulation in the silica pores, the platinum aggregates exhibit an emission profile similar in energy to the complexes assembled in solution, but the photoluminescence quantum yields of the hybrid systems are significantly higher (up to 45 %), and the excited state lifetimes much longer than those recorded in solution. Such enhancement of the photophysical properties together with the possibility to process the hybrid silica nanomaterials can pave the way to new type of emitters.
Topology Controls the Electronic Absorption and Delocalization of Electron Holes in Guanine Quadruplexes
Authors: Martínez‐Fernández Lara , Banyasz Akos , Markovitsi Dimitra , Improta Roberto 
Published: July 2018

AbstractGuanine quadruplexes (G4) are four‐stranded DNA structures involved in biological processes and are promising candidates for potential nanotechnological applications. This study examines how the G4 topology affects the electronic absorption and the delocalization of electron holes, which play a key role in charge transport and oxidative damage. Combining transient absorption spectroscopy with PCM/TD‐DFT calculations both parallel (P) and antiparallel (A) G4 are investigated, which are formed, respectively, by association of four TGGGGT strands and folding of the human telomeric sequence GGG(TTAGGG)3. The experimental absorption spectra obtained upon photo‐ionization of A and P are different. This is explained by the different topology of the two G4, as well as by hole delocalization between two stacked guanines, possible only in P+. The spectral signature of delocalized hole in guanine‐rich regions is provided and the chemical physical effects which rule the hole delocalization are discussed.
Rational Design of a 310‐Helical PIP‐Box Mimetic Targeting PCNA, the Human Sliding Clamp
Authors: Wegener Kate L. , McGrath Amy E. , Dixon Nicholas E. , Oakley Aaron J. , Scanlon Denis B. , Abell Andrew D. , Bruning John B. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractInvited for the cover of this issue is the group of John B. Bruning at The University of Adelaide. The image depicts PCNA (the human sliding clamp) shown as a protein surface representation (colored in grey) in complex with the first p21‐derived peptide mimetic inhibitor (shown as sticks colored by element). Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/chem.201801734.
Aggregation‐Induced Emission of EuIII Complexes Balanced with Bulky and Amphiphilic Imidazolium Cations in Ethanol/Water Binary Mixtures
Authors: Zhang Geping , Zhu Hongxia , Chen Mengjun , Pietraszkiewicz Marek , Pietraszkiewicz Oksana , Li Hongguang , Hao Jingcheng 
Published: July 2018

AbstractA series of EuIII complexes with thenoyltrifluoroacetone (tta) as the ligands were synthesized, which are balanced with imidazolium cations bearing naphthyl and branched alkyl chains. The complex with the longest alkyl chain (1Eu(tta)4) shows aggregation behavior in ethanol and water mixtures. It exists as individuals at low water percentages (VH2O), and form particles with solid interiors at VH2O≥50 % the sizes of which decrease with the increase of VH2O. At VH2O=90 %, vesicles were observed. The aggregation of 1Eu(tta)4 in ethanol and water binary mixtures induced changes of the photoluminescence (PL) properties where an abrupt increase in PL intensity, quantum yield, and lifetime were noticed above VH2O=50 %. This PL enhancement can be explained by the encapsulation of 1Eu(tta)4 inside the aggregates, preventing it from quenching by the active hydroxyls of water molecules. Contrary to the aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) of the Eu complex, the naphthyl group in the imidazolium cation exhibited an aggregation‐caused quenching (ACQ) effect. When the length of the alkyl chain in the imidazolium cation is reduced, no PL enhancement can be observed owing to the difficulty in forming the aggregates.
Continuous‐time linear equalizer with automatic boosting gain adaptation and input offset cancellation
Authors: Lim Baek‐Jin , Yoo Changsik 
Published: July 2018

SummaryA continuous‐time linear equalizer (CTLE) for high‐speed serial link is presented whose adaptive boosting gain is obtained with the data and edge values sampled by clock and data recovery circuit. The input offset of the serial link receiver is estimated by the data and edge values as well and cancelled by the CTLE. The adaptation of the CTLE boosting gain is immune to the phase error of the clock and data recovery sampling clock, and the cancellation of the input offset is independent of the boosting gain adaptation. The performance of the proposed adaptive CTLE has been evaluated by applying it to a 5‐Gb/s serial link receiver implemented in a 65‐nm CMOS technology.
Throughput maximization in wireless powered communication networks with minimum node throughput requirement
Authors: Chi Kaikai , Wei Xinchen , Li Yanjun , Tian Xianzhong 
Published: July 2018

SummaryThis paper considers wireless powered communication network consisting of one hybrid access point and a set of one‐hop nodes. Hybrid access point conducts wireless energy transfer (WET) in the downlink and nodes conduct wireless information transmissions (WITs) in the uplink based on the time division multiple access (TDMA) mode. Specifically, for the scenario where each node has its own minimum throughput requirement and different nodes' data have different levels of utility, we aim to achieve the minimum node throughput constrained weighted sum throughput maximization (MT‐WSTM) by jointly optimizing the time allocations of the WET and the WITs. First, we formulate the MT‐WSTM problem as a nonlinear optimization problem and further transform it into a more tractable form. Then, we prove the MT‐WSTM problem is convex and develop an efficient algorithm utilizing the dual decomposition technique to obtain the optimal solution of this problem. Compared with two schemes which use the optimal WET time and allocate the surplus WIT time evenly to all nodes and solely to the best node, respectively, the weighted sum throughput of the MT‐WSTM scheme is obviously larger in both homogeneous and heterogeneous scenarios.
Neural sensitivity to natural texture statistics in infancy
Authors: Balas Benjamin , Saville Alyson , Schmidt Jamie 
Published: July 2018

AbstractDuring infancy, vision becomes tuned to environmental statistics. For example, infant face recognition “narrows” in response to the frequency of face categories in the visual world, inducing out‐group effects that disadvantage other‐race, other‐species, and other‐age face recognition. There are many other low‐level statistical regularities in visual experience that infants may also become tuned to during this period. In particular, natural scenes have lawful properties that adults and children are sensitive to. To what extent do infants become tuned to these regularities during the first year of life? In particular, do infants exhibit evidence of perceptual narrowing that excludes atypical images from fluent processing? We examined this question by measuring 6‐ and 9‐month‐old infants’ event‐related potentials (ERPs) to natural and artificial textures created by: (a) Disrupting local statistics via contrast negation, (b) Disrupting global statistics via parametric texture synthesis, or (c) both of these. We predicted that younger infants’ would be sensitive to both manipulations of natural appearance, but that older infants might not distinguish between different kinds of atypical images. Instead, we found that sensitivity to synthetic appearance is only evident late in infancy. We discuss what these results imply for our understanding of visual statistical learning in infancy.
Association of visceral adiposity and its longitudinal increase with the risk of diabetes in Chinese adults: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Xia Ming‐Feng , Lin Huan‐Dong , Chen Ling‐Yan , Wu Li , Ma Hui , Li Qian , Aleteng Qiqige , Chen Ying , Sun Yi‐Xuan , Hu Yu , Pan Bai‐shen , Li Xiao‐Ying , Gao Xin 
Published: July 2018

AbstractObjectiveA Chinese visceral adiposity index (CVAI) was recently established to estimate the visceral fat area in Chinese adults. This study aimed to investigate the risk of incident prediabetes and diabetes in relation to visceral adiposity calculated by CVAI.MethodsA total of 2558 subjects with normal plasma glucose levels from the Shanghai Changfeng Study were enrolled in a prospective cohort study. The independent associations of basal visceral fat area by CVAI and its longitudinal change with incident prediabetes and diabetes were identified using Cox regression analyses.ResultsDuring an average of 4.4 years of follow‐up, 546 (21.3%) and 99 (3.9%) of 2558 nondiabetic subjects developed prediabetes and diabetes, respectively. Visceral fat area by CVAI and its longitudinal increase were independently associated with incident prediabetes and diabetes in Chinese adults. In a multivariable‐adjusted regression model, CVAI, as well as its annual change, was the strongest independent predictor of incident prediabetes (HR, 1.383 [1.162‐1.647]) and diabetes (HR, 1.607 [1.092‐2.364]) compared with other estimates of obesity (BMI and waist circumference). Receiver operating characteristic curve analyses showed that CVAI had better performance than BMI and waist circumference for the prediction of prediabetes and diabetes in Chinese adults.ConclusionsVisceral adiposity plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of diabetes, and the visceral adiposity estimated by CVAI is superior to the traditional estimates of obesity for the prediction of incident prediabetes and diabetes in Chinese adults.
Disordered eating behaviors in adolescents with type 1 diabetes: A cross‐sectional population‐based study in Italy
Authors: Cherubini Valentino , Skrami Edlira , Iannilli Antonio , Cesaretti Alessandra , Paparusso Anna Maria , Alessandrelli Maria Cristina , Carle Flavia , Ferrito Lucia , Gesuita Rosaria 
Published: July 2018

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the association of clinical, metabolic and socioeconomic factors with disordered eating behaviors (DEB) among adolescents with type 1 diabetes screened using the Diabetes Eating Problem Survey‐Revised (DEPS‐R).MethodsA cross‐sectional, population‐based study involved 163 adolescents with type 1 diabetes, aged 11–20 years, recruited from the registry for type 1 diabetes of Marche Region, Italy, who completed the DEPS‐R (response rate 74.4%). Clinical characteristics, lipid profile, HbA1c, family profile of education and occupation were evaluated. The Italian version of DEPS‐R was validated, and the prevalence of DEB estimated. The association of demographic, socioeconomic, and clinical factors with DEB was evaluated by multiple correspondence analysis and multiple logistic regression.ResultsThe prevalence of DEPS‐R‐positive (score ≥20) was 27% (95% CI 17–38) in boys and 42% (95% CI 31–53) in girls. A clinical profile of DEPS‐R‐positive was identified: overweight, little time spent in physical activity, low socioeconomic status, poor metabolic control, skipping insulin injections. Furthermore, the probability of DEPS‐R‐positive increased 63% for every added unit of HbA1c, 36% for every added number of insulin injections skipped in a week and decreased about 20% for every added hour/week spent in physical activity. Overweight youth were six times more likely to be DEPS‐R‐positive.DiscussionA specific clinical profile of DEPS‐R‐positive was identified. A multidisciplinary clinical approach aimed to normalize eating behaviors and enhance self‐esteem should be used to prevent the onset of these behaviors, and continuous educational programs are needed to promote healthy behaviors and lifestyles.
Top‐down control by an aquatic invertebrate predator increases with temperature but does not depend on individual behavioral type
Authors: Ingram Travis , Burns Zuri D. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractVariation in behavioral traits among individuals within a population can have implications for food webs and ecosystems. Temperature change also alters food web structure and function, but potential interactions between warming and intraspecific behavioral variation are largely unexplored. We aimed to test how increased temperature, individual activity level of a predatory backswimmer (Anisops assimilis), and their interaction influenced the strength of top‐down control of zooplankton and phytoplankton. We used stable isotopes to support our assumption that the study population of A. assimilis is zooplanktivorous, and behavioral trials to confirm that activity level is a repeatable trait. We established freshwater microcosms to test for effects of warming, backswimmer presence, and backswimmer behavioral type on zooplankton density, zooplankton composition, and phytoplankton chlorophyll a. Top‐down control was present and was generally stronger at increased temperature. There was no indication that predator behavioral type influenced the strength of top‐down control either on its own or interactively with temperature. Predator behavioral type may not be associated with ecologically important function in this species at the temporal and spatial scales addressed in this study, but the links between behavior, temperature, and food web processes are worthy of broader exploration.
Gastropods alien to South Africa cause severe environmental harm in their global alien ranges across habitats
Authors: Kesner David , Kumschick Sabrina 
Published: July 2018

AbstractAlien gastropods have caused extensive harm to biodiversity and socioeconomic systems like agriculture and horticulture worldwide. For conservation and management purposes, information on impacts needs to be easily interpretable and comparable, and the factors that determine impacts understood. This study aimed to assess gastropods alien to South Africa to compare impact severity between species and understand how they vary between habitats and mechanisms. Furthermore, we explore the relationship between environmental and socioeconomic impacts, and both impact measures with life‐history traits. We used the Environmental Impact Classification for Alien Taxa (EICAT) and Socio‐Economic Impact Classification for Alien Taxa (SEICAT) to assess impacts of 34 gastropods alien to South Africa including evidence of impact from their entire alien range. We tested for correlations between environmental and socioeconomic impacts per species, and with fecundity and native latitude range using Kendall's tau tests. Kruskal–Wallis tests were used to compare impact magnitude among mechanisms and habitats, respectively. This study presents the first application of EICAT and SEICAT for invertebrates. There was no correlation between environmental impacts and socioeconomic impacts. Habitats did not differ regarding the severity of impacts recorded, but impacts via disease transmission were lower than other mechanisms. Neither fecundity nor native range latitude was correlated with impact magnitude. Despite gastropods being agricultural and horticultural pests globally, resilience of socioeconomic systems makes high impacts uncommon. Environmental systems may be vulnerable to gastropod impacts across habitats, having experienced multiple local extinctions of wetland island snail fauna. South Africa stands out as the only continental country that follows this trend. The knowledge gained on severity and nature of gastropod impacts is useful in risk assessment, which can aid conservation management. To make impact assessments more realistic, we suggest alternative ways of reporting impacts classified under EICAT and SEICAT.
Estimation of element‐by‐element demand‐to‐capacity ratios in instrumented SMRF buildings using measured seismic response
Authors: Hernandez Eric , Roohi Milad , Rosowsky David 
Published: July 2018

SummaryThis paper presents a methodology to estimate element‐by‐element demand‐to‐capacity ratios in instrumented steel moment‐resisting frames subject to earthquakes. The methodology combines a finite element model and acceleration measurements at various points throughout the building to estimate time history of displacements and internal force demands in all members. The estimated demands and their uncertainty are compared with code‐based capacity from which probabilistic bounds of demand‐to‐capacity ratios are obtained. The proposed methodology is verified using a simulated six‐story building and validated using acceleration data from California Strong Motion Instrumentation Programstation 24370 during the Northridge and Sierra Madre earthquakes.
Resilience predicts remission in antidepressant treatment of geriatric depression
Authors: Laird Kelsey T. , Lavretsky Helen , St. Cyr Natalie , Siddarth Prabha 
Published: July 2018

ObjectivesWith the world population rapidly aging, it is increasingly important to identify sociodemographic, cognitive, and clinical features that predict poor outcome in geriatric depression. Self‐report measures of resilience—ie, the ability to adapt and thrive in the face of adversity—may identify those depressed older adults with more favorable prognoses.MethodsWe investigated the utility of baseline variables including 4 factors of resilience (grit, active coping self‐efficacy, accommodative coping self‐efficacy, and spirituality) for predicting treatment response and remission in a 16‐week randomized controlled trial of methylphenidate, citalopram, or their combination in 143 adults over the age of 60 with MDD.ResultsFinal logistic regression models revealed that greater total baseline resilience (Wald χ2 = 3.8, P = 0.05) significantly predicted both treatment response and remission. Specifically, a 20% increase in total resilience predicted nearly 2 times greater likelihood of remission (OR = 1.98, 95% CI = [1.01, 3.91]). Examining the individual factors of resilience, only accommodative coping self‐efficacy (Wald χ2 = 3.7, P = 0.05; OR = 1.41 [1.00‐2.01]) was significantly associated with remission. We found no relation between baseline sociodemographic factors (age, sex, race, education level) or measures of cognitive performance and posttreatment depressive symptoms.ConclusionsSelf‐reported resilience may predict greater responsivity to antidepressant medication in older adults with MDD. Future research should investigate the potential for resilience training—and in particular, interventions designed to increase accommodative coping—to promote sustained remission of geriatric depression.
An intervention to reduce neuropsychiatric symptoms and caregiver burden in dementia: Preliminary results from a randomized trial of the tailored activity program–outpatient version
Authors: de Oliveira Alexandra Martini , Radanovic Marcia , Homem de Mello Patricia Cotting , Buchain Patricia Cardoso , Dias Vizzotto Adriana , Harder Janaína , Stella Florindo , Piersol Catherine Verrier , Gitlin Laura N. , Forlenza Orestes Vicente 
Published: July 2018

ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy of the tailored activity program–outpatient version (TAP‐O) and to reduce neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) in patients with dementia and caregiver burden compared with a control group (psychoeducation intervention).MethodsTwenty‐one persons with dementia and their caregivers were recruited and randomized. The intervention group received TAP‐O, designed for outpatients with dementia and their caregivers. TAP‐O consisted of eight sessions in which an occupational therapist assessed the patient's abilities and interests; prescribed tailored activities; and educated caregivers about dementia, NPS, and how to implement meaningful activities in the daily routine. The control group received eight sessions of a psychoeducation intervention about dementia and NPS.ResultsCompared with controls, patients receiving TAP‐O had a significant decrease in hallucination (P = 0.04), agitation (P = 0.03), anxiety (P = 0.02), aggression (P = 0.01), sleep disorder (P = 0.02), aberrant motor behavior (P = 0.02), and in caregiver burden (P = 0.003).ConclusionsFindings suggest that TAP‐O may be an effective nonpharmacological strategy to reduce NPS of outpatients with dementia and to minimize caregiver burden.
E‐learning and health inequality aversion: A questionnaire experiment
Authors: Cookson Richard , Ali Shehzad , Tsuchiya Aki , Asaria Miqdad 
Published: July 2018

AbstractIn principle, questionnaire data on public views about hypothetical trade‐offs between improving total health and reducing health inequality can provide useful normative health inequality aversion parameter benchmarks for policymakers faced with real trade‐offs of this kind. However, trade‐off questions can be hard to understand, and one standard type of question finds that a high proportion of respondents—sometimes a majority—appear to give exclusive priority to reducing health inequality. We developed and tested two e‐learning interventions designed to help respondents understand this question more completely. The interventions were a video animation, exposing respondents to rival points of view, and a spreadsheet‐based questionnaire that provided feedback on implied trade‐offs. We found large effects of both interventions in reducing the proportion of respondents giving exclusive priority to reducing health inequality, though the median responses still implied a high degree of health inequality aversion and—unlike the video—the spreadsheet‐based intervention introduced a substantial new minority of non‐egalitarian responses. E‐learning may introduce as well as avoid biases but merits further research and may be useful in other questionnaire studies involving trade‐offs between conflicting values.