bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
IN VITRO SCREENING OF CELL WALL DEGRADING ENZYME PRODUCTIVITY FROM FUNGAL CULTURE FILTRATES ON DEPROTEINISED PLANT FLUID BY CUP PLATE ASSAY
Authors: Jadhav Rajesh Khanduji 
Published: September 2019

The present study purpose is to evaluate the potentiality of the Deproteinised juice made from selected plants to induce the enzyme productivity by growing the fungi on it. It is because, in earlier findings, the DPJ was found potential in enhancing fungi and the plant growth when used as the medium. The internal factors are responsible in DPJ which induces plants and fungi growth. During the process of Green Crop Fractionation (GCF), the deproteinised (DPJ) obtained from tissues of cabbage, beet, lucerne (Alfalfa), carrot and Anathum (Dill) forages left after leaf protein extraction employed as a medium for the cultivation of mycelial biomass of Penicillium and Aspergillus fungi. The mycelial growth in vitro was compared with the glucose nitrate medium. The culture filtrates were used to screen different secreted hydrolytic or cell wall degrading enzymes.. The agar ‘cup‐plate’ diffusion technique has been applied to the quantitative determination of enzyme activity, principally to amylase, cellulase and protease. With all enzymes so far examined, the relationship between diameter of zone over a wide range secreted quantitatively was examined. All fungi grew well on DPJ in comparison to their growth on glucose nitrate (GN) medium. Comparatively with GN medium, lucerne DPJ was found having more mycelial cellular proliferation. When the fungi grown on different concentrations of substrates, enriched with carboxymethyl cellulose, casein and starch in deproteinised leaf extracts and GN medium, it was found that there was the enhancement in the mycelial dry weight grown on DPJ as compared with glucose nitrate medium. Penicillium showed more yield of enzyme activities especially of cellulases and amylases as compared to protease by cup plate method. There was enhancement of mycelial biomass when the concentrations of substrates increased from 1% to 2%, while there was no change in the activity of all enzymes by increasing the concentrations of substrates. Activities of the enzymes in vitro can be indicative of the pattern of organogenesis in callus cultures in further studies by fungal culture filtrates cultured on deproteinised fluid medium.
A New Equal-area Isolatitudinal Grid on a Spherical Surface
Authors: Malkin Zinovy 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
A new method SREAG (spherical rectangular equal-area grid) is proposed to divide a spherical surface into equal-area cells. The method is based on dividing a sphere into latitudinal rings of near-constant width with further splitting of each ring into equal-area cells. It is simple in construction and use, and provides more uniform width of the latitudinal rings than other methods of equal-area pixelization of a spherical surface. The new method provides rectangular grid cells with latitude- and longitude-oriented boundaries, near-square cells in the equatorial rings, and the closest to uniform width of the latitudinal rings as compared with other equal-area isolatitudinal grids. The binned data is easy to visualize and interpret in terms of the longitude–latitude rectangular coordinate system, natural for astronomy and geodesy. Grids with an arbitrary number of rings and, consequently, a wide and theoretically unlimited range of cell size can be built by the proposed method. Comparison with other methods used in astronomical research showed the advantages of the new approach in the sense of uniformity of the ring width, a wider range of grid resolution, and simplicity of use.
New data on Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Tephritidae) from Bulgaria
Authors: Katinova Boryana , Karadjova Olia , Ilieva Zhenya 
Published: September 2019

The Mediterranean fruit fly Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann, 1824) (Diptera: Tephritidae) is considered to be one of the world’s most destructive fruit pests because of its global distribution, wide host range and rapid dispersal. In the period 1956–2006, transient populations of the pest have been reported regularly in Bulgaria. The Bulgarian Food Safety Agency (BFSA) initiated monitoring of C. capitata in 15 regions of the country. The surveys were conducted during the period 2013–2018, using Jackson traps with attractant trimedlure and Tephri traps with Biolure.
The presence of adults of C. capitata was confirmed in peach, apple and mixed orchards, as well as in private yards at five locations in southern and south-eastern Bulgaria: Blagoevgrad, Kyustendil, Pazardzhik, Plovdiv and Sliven. The results from the five-year monitoring showed a variable abundance of C. capitata adults captured in different years and localities. The highest mean captures were recorded in 2014 (195) and 2018 (422), no specimen of the C. capitata was found in 2017. In 2018 the most abundant captures were from fruit gardens in Plovdiv (297♀;65♂) and Sliven (18♀; 22♂). Over the entire study period, the lowest rate of adult captures was in July and August (only a few individuals in traps in each region).
The population abundance began to increase at the beginning of mid-September and a peak was observed at the beginning of mid-October. The results on the seasonal population fluctuations obtained are similar to data from neighbouring countries: northern Greece, Montenegro, Croatia, Romania, and Turkey.
Développement du secteur financier, chocs des termes de l’échange et volatilité de la croissance dans les pays à faible revenu
Authors: Kpodar Kangni , Le Goff Maëlan , Singh Raju Jan 
Published: September 2019

Contribuant aux travaux de recherche existants, cet article porte sur l’étude du rôle potentiel de la structure du système financier – l’intermédiation financière se reposant sur les banques ou sur les marchés financiers – en matière de volatilité macroéconomique, dans le contexte d’une attention accrue portée au renforcement de la résilience. Les pays à faible revenu étant les plus vulnérables aux chocs majeurs et fréquents des termes de l’échange, notre étude porte sur un échantillon de 38 pays à faible revenu (PFR), sur la période qui s’étend de 1978 à 2012, et conclut que le développement du secteur bancaire agit comme absorbeur de chocs dans les pays pauvres, atténuant la propagation de l’impact des chocs des termes de l’échange sur la volatilité de la croissance. En élargissant notre échantillon à 121 pays en développement, nous confirmons ces résultats, bien que l’effet d’absorbeur de chocs s’atténue à mesure que les économies prospèrent. Au contraire, le développement du marché boursier ne semble agir ni comme absorbeur ni comme amplificateur de chocs dans la plupart des économies. Nos conclusions sont robustes à une série d’estimateurs économétriques, notamment au modèle à effets fixes, à la méthode de GMM en système et à la méthode de projection locale.
Les déterminants du renoncement aux soins pour raisons financières des étudiants – une analyse à partir de l’étude i-Share
Authors: Castry Mathieu , Wittwer Jérôme , Montagni Ilaria , Tzourio Christophe 
Published: September 2019

Nos connaissances sur l’accès et le recours aux soins des étudiants en France sont très parcellaires, alors que la population étudiante est confrontée pour une partie d’entre elle à des situations de précarité économique. A partir de l’exploitation des données de l’étude i-Share ( Internet-based students health research enterprise ) cet article propose d’analyser les déterminants du renoncement aux soins pour raisons financières des étudiants français. Trois types de soins sont considérés : la consultation d’un médecin (généraliste ou spécialiste), celle d’un dentiste et l’achat de lunettes. Les résultats sont cohérents avec ceux de la littérature et suggèrent l’existence d’inégalités marquées d’accès aux soins au sein de la population étudiante. Les analyses réalisées montrent que l’avancée en âge des étudiants est liée à une plus forte probabilité de renoncer à des soins pour raisons financières. Elles mettent également en évidence que le renoncement financier est lié à un ensemble de variables caractérisant la situation matérielle, sociale et financière des étudiants (type de logement, activité rémunérée, aides financière de la famille, statut de boursier, etc.) Ces résultats invitent à évaluer l’impact à moyen et long terme de ces difficultés d’accès aux soins ainsi qu’à suggérer des politiques publiques adaptées, notamment en améliorant le recours des étudiants à leurs droits et à l’obtention d’une complémentaire santé. Classification JEL : I14, I13
Is there a Strategy in China’s Health Official Development Assistance to African Countries?
Authors: Guillon Marlène , Mathonnat Jacky 
Published: September 2019

La Chine fait désormais partie des dix plus grands donateurs bilatéraux pour l’aide publique au développement (APD) en santé en Afrique. Notre objectif est d’étudier les facteurs associés à l’aide à la santé chinoise en Afrique sur la période 2006-2013. L’APD en santé de la Chine est mesurée à partir de la base de données « AidData’s Global Chinese Official Finance Dataset, 2000-2014, Version 1.0 ». Au total, 345 projets d’aide à la santé ont été financés par la Chine en Afrique entre 2006 et 2013 pour un montant total de 764 millions de dollars. L’aide à la santé chinoise apparait réactive aux besoins économiques des pays africains et indépendante de la qualité de leur gouvernance politique. Bien que la Chine semble favoriser les pays ayant une faible capacité à financer des projets en santé, l’aide à la santé chinoise n’est pas corrélée aux mesures directes de besoin en santé des pays africains. Nous ne trouvons pas de preuve forte que l’aide à la santé chinoise soit liée aux dotations en ressources naturelles des pays bénéficiaires. En revanche, nos résultats indiquent l’existence d’une association entre les liens commerciaux avec la Chine et le volume d’aide à la santé reçu par les pays africains. Enfin, nos résultats confirment que la Chine utilise son APD comme un instrument de politique étrangère. Classification JEL: F35, I15
L'épitaphe et la mémoire
Authors: Mathieu Nicolas 
Published: September 2019

Fondé sur des monuments funéraires épigraphiques ou anépigraphes, cet ouvrage s'inscrit dans l'histoire sociale des trois premiers siècles de l'Empire romain. Le point de départ est un essai de définition de ce que représente l'épitaphe en tant que monument du souvenir, support d'informations entre les vivants et les morts et en conséquence véhicule de la mémoire. Pour y parvenir est étudié un corpus de plus de 700 attestations d'un vocabulaire spécifique de la parenté (ex. alumnus, genitor, nepta, etc.) et du vocabulaire de la famille nucléaire (pater, mater, frater, soror, etc.) selon trois axes : la construction du souvenir, la mémoire affichée, le miroir qu'elle offre pour soi-même et pour les autres. Au corpus d'épitaphes sont ajoutés également 51 arbres généalogiques (stemmata) reconstitués à partir des textes épigraphiques et une cinquantaine de photographies de monuments.Au fil des pages on observe la diversité dans l'expression écrite ou figurée de la parenté en tenant compte des différences locales, des degrés plus ou moins profonds d'accès à la romanité, des permanences culturelles antérieures à la conquête, le dialogue entre texte et image car lire, c'est voir. On comprend aussi les ressemblances ou les différences selon les couches sociales (citoyens, élites municipales, prêtres, affranchis, etc.) et, grâce à de nombreux exemples commentés, on décèle entre les lignes une nuance au conformisme ambiant ou comment l'expression de l'identité acquise n'est jamais figée. Dans les monuments funéraires, dire sa parenté témoigne de la volonté de manifester son identité romaine ou romanisée, non seulement lorsque l'on est déjà citoyen romain, mais aussi quand on a été pérégrin et que l'on est devenu citoyen romain.
Impact of Mood on Endothelial Function and Arterial Stiffness in Bipolar Disorder
Authors: Schmitz Samantha L. , Abosi Oluchi J. , Persons Jane E. , Sinkey Christine A. , Fiedorowicz Jess G. 
Published: September 2019

Background:
Previous research on bipolar disorder demonstrates greater-than-expected vascular dysfunction later in the course of illness, proportionate to the cumulative burden of mood symptoms. However, little is known about the effect of acute mood states on vascular function. Here, we examine the relation between vascular function and mood state in individuals with bipolar disorder.

Materials and Methods:
This prospective study followed forty individuals with bipolar disorder for up to 6 months. The participants were assessed for mood state and vascular function at baseline, 2 weeks, and 6 months. Mood state was determined using the clinician-administered Montgomery–Šsberg Depression Rating Scale and Young Mania Rating Scale. Vascular function was assessed by flow-mediated dilation (FMD) of the brachial artery, forearm vascular resistance (FVR), and arterial stiffness.

Results:
The participants had a mean age of 30.1 years, and 75% were male. Primary outcome measures such as FMD and nitroglycerine-mediated dilation were not found to have statistically significant associations with depressive or manic symptoms. In unadjusted models, higher manic symptoms were significantly associated with increased FVR nitroprusside-mediated dilation and diastolic blood pressure. In adjusted models, higher depressive symptoms were significantly associated with increases in augmentation index adjusted for heart rate of 75 bpm, and higher manic symptoms remained associated with increases in diastolic blood pressure.

Conclusion:
FMD may have limited sensitivity as a biomarker for measuring short-term effects of mood state. Long-term prospective studies are needed to clarify the temporal relation between chronic mood symptoms and vascular function in bipolar disorder.
Are we finished with the ethnophilosophy debate? A multi-perspective conversation
Authors: Imafidon Elvis , Matolino Bernard , Ogbonnaya Lucky Uchenna , Agada Ada , Attoe Aribiah David , Mangena Fainos , Etieyibo Edwin 
Published: September 2019

In line with the tradition of the Conversational School of Philosophy, this essay provides a rare and unique space of discourse for the authors to converse about the place of the ‘ethno’ in African philosophy. This conversation is a revisit, a renewal of the key positions that have coloured the ethnophilosophy debate by the conversers who themselves are notable contributors to arguments for and against the importance of ethnophilosophy in the unfolding of African philosophy particularly in the last decade or so. There are four key positions that have been argued for in the pages of this paper: (1) ethnophilosophy is not African philosophy and it is useless and inimical to the growth of African philosophy and should thus be jettisoned – Matolino; (2) ethnophilosophy is the foundation for African philosophy as it provides the raw materials for African philosophical discourse – Ogbonnaya and Agada; (3) ethnophilosophy has some value for African philosophy but it is definitely not the foundation for genuine African philosophy the way criticism and rigours are – Attoe; and (4) ethnophilosophy can be adequately conceived as African philosophy particularly in terms of its etymology as culture or race philosophy, dealing with a philosophical or critical reflections on, and exposition of, immanent principles in African thought – Mangena and Etieyibo. These conversers provide good arguments for the positions they hold, arguments that are of course, open for further interrogation. Two points can be concluded from the ethnophilosophy debate provided in this essay: (1) the disparities in views among conversers it seems, stem ultimately from the understanding of ethnophilosophy that each converser holds, which varies from the notion of a method used at some point in the history of African philosophy, to an etymological understanding as culture philosophy; and (2) the debate about ethnophilosophy in the spirit of any philosophical tradition remains a perennial one that is yet to be concluded. This essay certainly concretises what is on ground and paves the way for further discussions.Keywords: Ethno, African philosophy, Foundationalist, Universalist, Particularist, The common moral position (CMP), Ethnophilosophy
Quantification of different flow components in a high-altitude glacierized catchment (Dudh Koshi, Himalaya): some cryospheric-related issues
Authors: Mimeau Louise , Esteves Michel , Zin Isabella , Jacobi Hans-Werner , Brun Fanny , Wagnon Patrick , Koirala Devesh , Arnaud Yves 
Published: September 2019

Abstract. In a context of climate change and water demand growth, understanding the origin of water flows in the Himalayas is a key issue for assessing the current and future water resource availability and planning the future uses of water in downstream regions. Two of the main issues in the hydrology of high-altitude glacierized catchments are (i) the limited representation of cryospheric processes controlling the evolution of ice and snow in distributed hydrological models and (ii) the difficulty in defining and quantifying the hydrological contributions to the river outflow.
This study estimates the relative contribution of rainfall, glaciers, and snowmelt to the Khumbu River streamflow (Upper Dudh Koshi, Nepal, 146 km2, 43 % glacierized, elevation range from 4260 to 8848 m a.s.l.) as well as the seasonal, daily, and sub-daily variability during the period 2012–2015 by using the DHSVM-GDM (Distributed Hydrological Soil Vegetation Model – Glaciers Dynamics Model) physically based glacio-hydrological model. The impact of different snow and glacier parameterizations was tested by modifying the snow albedo parameterization, adding an avalanche module, adding a reduction factor for the melt of debris-covered glaciers, and adding a conceptual englacial storage. The representation of snow, glacier, and hydrological processes was evaluated using three types of data (MODIS satellite images, glacier mass balances, and in situ discharge measurements). The relative flow components were estimated using two different definitions based on the water inputs and contributing areas. The simulated hydrological contributions differ not only depending on the used models and implemented processes, but also on different definitions of the estimated flow components. In the presented case study, ice melt and snowmelt contribute each more than 40 % to the annual water inputs and 69 % of the annual stream flow originates from glacierized areas. The analysis of the seasonal contributions highlights that ice melt and snowmelt as well as rain contribute to monsoon flows in similar proportions and that winter outflow is mainly controlled by the release from the englacial water storage.
The choice of a given parametrization for snow and glacier processes, as well as their relative parameter values, has a significant impact on the simulated water balance: for instance, the different tested parameterizations led to ice melt contributions ranging from 42 % to 54 %. The sensitivity of the model to the glacier inventory was also tested, demonstrating that the uncertainty related to the glacierized surface leads to an uncertainty of 20 % for the simulated ice melt component.
Sobre la correlación de la forma y el color. Aplicación del cuestionario de Kandinsky (1923) a estudiantes universitarios de comunicación
Authors: García-Ramos Francisco José , Jiménez Gómez Isidro 
Published: September 2019

Más de cien años después de la publicación de De lo espiritual en el arte y justo en el primer centenario de la Bauhaus, este estudio recupera el cuestionario sobre las correspondencias forma-color de Vasili Kandinsky para aplicarlo a estudiantes universitarios en los tres grados en el área de comunicación de la Facultad de Ciencias de la información de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid durante el curso 2018-2019. Un alumnado sensible al desarrollo de las ideas estéticas y a la cultura visual pero sin una formación específica en teoría del color. Para ello se adaptó el cuestionario de Kandinsky de 1923 a soporte digital y se contó con una muestra de 357 personas en total. El resultado de este estudio, en línea con otras experiencias similares previas, ofrece unas correspondencias que difieren de manera significativa con las de Kandinsky. En este sentido, los resultados muestran unas correspondencias más influidas por la iconosfera de nuestra actual cultura visual que por una educación artística específica o un conocimiento profundo sobre teoría del color o historia del diseño.
Radiografía de la ética publicitaria en España. Análisis de las resoluciones de Autocontrol desde 1995 a 2016
Authors: Pellicer Jordá María Teresa 
Published: September 2019

La presencia constante de la publicidad en la vida de los ciudadanos y su creciente influencia en la configuración de los modelos y estilos de vida da lugar a la necesidad de abordar la realidad del mundo publicitario desde el punto de vista ético. Es esta la intención y el objetivo de este artículo de investigación, en el que tratamos de radiografiar el panorama de la ética publicitaria en España, a través del análisis exhaustivo de los dictámenes de Autocontrol, organismo encargado de dirimir los dilemas éticos en este sector. La investigación comprende el periodo 1995-2016 y arroja conclusiones interesantes, tales como que los incumplimientos éticos más frecuentes hacen referencia a los principios de legalidad, veracidad y buena fe o que a partir del año 2003 crecen considerablemente el número de reclamaciones presentadas ante este organismo. Otras de las conclusiones más significativas que se han derivado de este estudio ha sido que no existe un criterio común por parte del Jurado de Autocontrol de cara a pedir el cese o la rectificación de una publicidad y que el dictamen más frecuente es la rectificación del anuncio. Además, se ha observado una creciente preocupación social por la ética publicitaria, ya que los agentes que más reclamaciones presentaron fueron las asociaciones, federaciones y organizaciones de consumidores.