bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dietary Requirements for Proteins and Amino Acids in Human Nutrition
Authors: Brestenský Matej , Nitrayová Soňa , Patráš Peter , Nitray Jozef 
Published: May 2018

Background:
An optimal dietary Amino Acid (AA) intake is necessary for the growth of
body proteins. A new method for protein quality evaluation called Digestible Indispensable AA Score
(DIAAS) was established. Despite that the information about dietary AA requirements are available
for different stages of life, in practical conditions, most people deal only with the dietary proteins, if
ever.

Objective:
The aim of this mini-review was to analyze the protein quality of protein sources by DIAAS
and to find AA and protein dietary requirements in human nutrition.

Methods:
A literature research was performed using the keyword “amino acid”, “diet”, “nutrition”,
“human”, “muscle” and “requirement” individually or all together, in Scopus, Web of Science and
Pubmed.

Results:
The optimum amount of dietary AA is necessary for AA utilization in the body and is limited
by AA which is present in the lowest amount; the surplus of other AA is not utilized in the body. Food
and Agriculture Organization reported requirements for dietary protein and AA intake for infants,
children, however for adults (over 18) for maintenance. Most of the studies which are dealing with the
dietary AA requirements in sports nutrition are aimed at the blends of AA and for branched-chain AA.
Concerning the protein quality, at this time, there is little information about the protein quality evaluated
by DIAAS method.

Conclusion:
Dietary intake of high-quality protein or a blend of different proteins will provide all AA
to the body. However, studies on protein quality evaluation by DIAAS method are necessary to perform.
The Impact of Orthodontic Bands on the Marginal Periodontium of Maxillary First Molars: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Radiographic Analysis
Authors: Teubner Sabine , Schmidlin Patrick R. , Menghini Giorgio , Attin Thomas , Baumgartner Stefan 
Published: May 2018

Aim:
Available information on the effect of orthodontic treatment on crestal alveolar bone levels measured in radiographs is contradictory. The aim of this study was to compare the alveolar bone level and periodontal ligament space of banded upper first molars to untreated controls.

Materials and Methods:
This retrospective cross-sectional radiographic study investigated alveolar bone levels of upper first molars of an orthodontic test group and an untreated control group of comparable age (15-16.25 years), using existing bitewing radiographs.
Eighty-six individuals were included in each group. Three parameters were measured mesially and distally on both sides of the patient as follows: I) Alveolar Bone Level (ABL): measured as the distance between the cemento-enamel junction and the alveolar crest, II) the Periodontal Ligament Space (PLS): measured as the most coronal distance between the alveolar crest and the tooth surface, and III) angle between the lines (alveolar crests mesial and distal) and (cemento-enamel junction mesial and distal).

Results:
The mean duration of the orthodontic treatment in the test group was 2.5 years. The periodontal ligament space was statistically significantly wider on mesial areas of right molars (mean 0.2 mm, p<0.01), but there was no statistically significant difference found in the three other areas (distal part of the right molar, mesial and distal parts of the left molar). There was a statistically significant mean alveolar bone loss in the right and left mesial areas, respectively accounting for 0.3 mm (p<0.001) and 0.2 mm (p<0.01). No statistically significant alveolar bone loss was measured on the distal surfaces of the upper molars. The angle was wider on both sides for the test group (right p<0.001 and left p<0.05).

Conclusions:
A significant alveolar bone loss on the mesial tooth surface of upper first molars after orthodontic treatment was found with concurrent different levelling angles in the test group. On all other sites, no statistically significant changes were found. There was some minimal statistical significant alveolar bone loss after finishing treatment in patients who had orthodontic bands placed on their maxillary 1st molars, but no clinical significance was found.
A Current Approach to Halitosis and Oral Malodor- A Mini Review
Authors: Bicak Damla Aksit 
Published: May 2018

Background:Halitosis, in other words, oral malodor is an important multifactorial health problem affecting the psychological and social life of individuals and is the most common reason for referral to dentists after dental caries and periodontal diseases.Objective:The objective of this review was to present and discuss conventional and recently introduced information about the types, causes, detection and treatment methods of halitosis.Methods:An expanded literature review was conducted which targeted all articles published in peer-reviewed journals relating to the topic of halitosis. Only articles written in Turkish and English languages were considered. The review itself began with a search of relevant subject headings such as ‘halitosis, oral malodor, volatile sulfur compounds in PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Google Scholar and Tubitak Ulakbim databases. A hand search of references was also performed.Results:When search results are combined, the total number of relevant literature was found to be 4646 abstracts and 978 full-text articles. Abstracts, editorial letters were not included and about half of full-text articles were not related to dental practice. Among the remaining 124 full-text articles, duplicated articles and articles written other than Turkish and English languages were removed and 54 full-text articles were used for this review.Discussion:According to the reviewed articles, both conventional and new methods were introduced in the management of halitosis. However, conventional methods seem to be more effective and widely used in the diagnosis and treatment of halitosis.Conclusion:As being first line professionals, dentists must analyze and treat oral problems which may be responsible for the patient's malodor, and should inform the patient about halitosis causes and oral hygiene procedures (tooth flossing, tongue cleaning, appropriate mouthwash and toothpaste selection and use) and if the problem persists, they should consult to a medical specialist.
BioFire Film Array Blood Culture Identification Panel for Rapid Detection of Pathogens from Sterile Sites - A Diagnostic Accuracy Study
Authors: Comyn Ailbhe , Ronayne Aoife , Nielsen Maryke J. , Cleary Jennifer , Cunney Robert , Drew Richard J. 
Published: May 2018

Background:
Rapid diagnosis of the causative organism of invasive infections is critical to the improved care of patients. A new platform, FilmArray (BioFire Diagnostics, LLC, Salt Lake City, UT) allows for rapid PCR to be performed in less than two hours on positive blood cultures

Objective:
The aim was to perform a retrospective diagnostic accuracy study in a paediatric tertiary referral hospital comparing results from culture, our gold standard, against those obtained when the samples were tested directly using the FilmArray Blood Culture Identification (BCID) Panel (BioFire Diagnostics, LLC, Salt Lake City, UT).

Method:
Samples from sterile site infections were tested using traditional culture based methods as well as PCR testing, and these results were then compared to testing which was done directly on the FilmArray BC-ID panel.

Results:
Ninety-four samples were tested in total and concordant results were observed in 71 samples (76%). Correlation between detection of pathogens such as Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes by PCR and culture result was high (94% and 88% respectively). Discordant results could be explained by the cultured organism not having a target on the panel (n=8) or PCR detection of potentially non-viable bacteria in the sample (n=8); the remaining samples (n=9) were negative by PCR despite culturing an organism with a target present on the panel for that organism. We have demonstrated an overall correlation of 76% and that in some instances the PCR detected non-viable yet clinically significant bacteria.

Conclusion:
Use of the FilmArray BCID panel directly for samples from sterile sites should be considered when there is a high index of suspicion of a single-organism infection at that site prior to sampling.
Staphylococcus Aureus Surface Protein G is An Immunodominant Protein and a Possible Target in An Anti-Biofilm Drug Development
Authors: Belyi Yury , Rybolovlev Ivan , Polyakov Nikita , Chernikova Alena , Tabakova Irina , Gintsburg Alexandre 
Published: May 2018

Background:Staphylococcus aureusis a Gram-positive bacterium that causes severe illnesses in the human population. The capacity ofS. aureusstrains to form biofilms on biotic and abiotic surfaces creates serious problems for treatment of hospital infections and has stimulated efforts to develop new means of specific protection or immunotherapy.Material and Methods:We found that rabbit serum raised against crude concentratedS. aureusliquid culture significantly decreased the development of staphylococcal biofilmin vitro. To discover the corresponding staphylococcal antigen, we used mass-spectrometry and molecular cloning and identified three major immunodominant proteins. They included α-haemolysin, serine proteinase SplB andS. aureussurface protein G, known as adhesin SasG.Results:Although according to literature data, all these proteins represent virulence factors ofS. aureusand play diverse and important roles in the pathogenesis of staphylococcal diseases, only SasG can be directly implicated into the biofilm formation because of its surface location on a staphylococcal cell. Indeed, rabbit serum directed against purified recombinant SasG, similar to serum against crude staphylococcal liquid culture, prevented the formation of a biofilm.Conclusion:SasG can be considered as a target in an anti-biofilm drug development and a component of the vaccine or immunotherapeutic preparations directed against staphylococcal infections in humans.
Preclinical Study to Evaluate the Effect of Polyherbal Formulation on Metformin: Potential Herb-drug Interaction
Authors: Kumar Devendra , Trivedi Neerja , Dixit Rakesh Kumar 
Published: May 2018

Objective: The aim of the present study was to examine the effect of a polyherbal formulation
(PHF) on pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of metformin in rats.

Methods:
The present study was conducted to determine the beneficial outcomes of PHF along with
metformin by studying herb-drug interactions. PHF was prepared by five indigenous herbs, Those
are being used traditionally as antidiabetic in India. PHF doses (100 mg/kg/day) were administered
to Sprague-Dawley rats by an oral route of different groups for multiple weeks except for control.
Metformin (100 mg/kg) was orally administered at 7th and 30th day to control and PHF pretreated
rats for pharmacokinetics study while pharmacodynamics study was conducted in PHF treated and
untreated diabetic rats. No more significant difference was found in the pharmacokinetic parameters
in PHF treated at 7th day while a significant increase was found in AUC at the 30th day.

Results:
The hypoglycemic effect was observed with a combination of metformin and PHF, significantly
more compared to control. Metformin decreased the blood glucose 1.51 fold at 7th day and 1.7
fold at 30th day respectively, compared to control.

Conclusion:
Thus, this finding indicates that PHF increased the AUC of metformin. It might increase
bioavailability through drug-herb interaction thereby affecting the therapeutic effect. This
formulation can be considered as an adjunct to metformin in the management of diabetes mellitus.
RNAi-mediated Resistance against Plant Parasitic Nematodes of Wheat Plants Obtained in Vitro Using Bioregulators of Microbiological Origin
Authors: Tsygankova Victoria A. , Andrusevich Yaroslav V. , Shysha Elena N. , Biliavska Lyudmila O. , Galagan Tatyana O. , Galkin Anatoly P. , Yemets Alla I. , Iutynska Galina A. , Blume Yaroslav B. 
Published: May 2018

Background:Plant parasitic nematodes are dangerous pests that damage various agricultural crops and decrease their productivity.Objective:The resistance of new lines of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) plants obtained under in vitro conditions on MS media containing microbial bioregulators to plant parasitic nematodes was studied under in vitro and greenhouse conditions.Methods:Here we conducted physiological and molecular-genetic studies of resistance of wheat plants to nematodes.Results:In vitro experiments showed that wheat plants grown on MS media with microbial bioregulators had 20-37 % of infestation with cereal cyst nematode Heterodera avenae, significantly lower when compared with 73 % of infestation of the control plants grown without bioregulators. Bioregulators increased morphometric parameters of the wheat plants obtained under in vitro conditions on MS media and further grown under greenhouse conditions on the natural invasive background: stem height increased 13.6-37.5 %, flag leaf length 18.0-19.3 %, ear length 6.8-24.6 %, and ear weight 27.0- 54.5 %, when compared with control wheat plants. The difference in the degree of hybridizated molecules mRNA and si/miRNA from control and experimental wheat plants increased: 15-39 % in plants grown under in vitro conditions on the invasive background created by H. avenae and 33-56 % in seeds of plants grown under greenhouse conditions on the natural invasive background. The silencing activity of si/miRNA from wheat plants grown on MS media with bioregulators increased: 20-51 % in plants grown under in vitro conditions on the invasive background created by H. avenae or 38-64 % in plants grown under greenhouse conditions on the natural invasive background.Conclusion:Our studies confirm the RNAi-mediated resistance to plant nematodes of wheat plants obtained on media with microbial bioregulators and grown under in vitro and greenhouse conditions.
A karbantartási stratégia hatása a megújuló energia rendszerek életciklus költségére
Authors: Kocsis Imre , T. Kiss Judit , Deák Krisztián 
Published: May 2018

Az életciklus költségnek fontos szerepe van a beruházási döntésekben a megújuló energia hasznosítására alapozott rendszerek esetén. Mivel a gépészeti rendszerek karbantartási költsége általában jelentős részét teszi ki az életciklus költségnek, a karbantartási stratégia nagy hatással van a megtérülésre. Az ipari termelésben alkalmazott karbantartási technikákat (diagnosztika, állapotfelügyelet, adatfeldolgozás, integrált informatikai rendszerek, gépi tanulás, automatizált döntéshozatal) célszerű bevonni a megújuló energia rendszerek tervezésébe, alkalmazásuk esetén elérhetők azok az előnyök, melyek a termelő szférában mindennaposak. Ebben a cikkben azt vizsgáljuk, hogy a karbantartási stratégiának milyen hatása van az életciklus költségre, és bemutatjuk a korszerű állapotfelügyeleti rendszerek alkalmazásából adódó előnyöket.
CREATIVIDAD EN LAS PRÁCTICAS DOCENTES DEL NIVEL INICIAL. UN ESTUDIO DESDE LA EDUCACIÓN MUSICAL
Authors: Rosa Zilli Lía 
Published: May 2018

El presente artículo, tiene como objetivo comunicar los principales resultados a los que se arribó desde un estudio de caso sobre estrategias creativas de enseñanza musical, investigadas en tres profesores de música de la Educación Inicial de la ciudad de Santa Fe en el año 2016 - 2017[i]. Las estrategias creativas de enseñanza musical se relacionaron con el diseño de Secuencias Didácticas Flexibles y fueron consideradas desde los aportes Educación Experiencial en el currículum de la Educación Inicial. De esta manera, se expresa la importancia de pensar, estudiar, diseñar, y evaluar prácticas pedagógico - musicales remitidas a un modelo educativo particular, que logran desde la creatividad del maestro, experiencias de aprendizaje creativo. Se postula en dicho estudio el desarrollo de estrategias creativas de enseñanza musical que parten del juego como mediador, de las experiencias sensoriales como aproximación a la experiencia estética, de la indagación sonora y la construcción a partir del error del alumno como reflexión y evaluación sobre la acción; interpelando de una manera particular las prácticas de enseñanza musical.

[i] Dicha investigación corresponde a la tesis de Maestría en Didácticas Específicas (FHUC - UNL), presentada y defendida en diciembre 2017.
Estudo de analgesia tópica pós-peeling facial profundo utilizando máscara a base de água, gel e óleo de melaleuca em comparação com o uso de máscara umedecida em soro fisiológico
Authors: Gonella Hamilton Aleardo , Muniz Carolina Utsunomiya , Pereira Lorena Caetano , Quevedo Fernando Batocchio , Salvador Luis Felipe Prado 
Published: May 2018

Objetivo: estudar a analgesia pós-peeling com uso de uma máscara a base de água deionizada, gel alimentar e óleo de melaleuca, o Water Jel®, um material que já é utilizado na abordagem inicial de ferimentos por queimadura com relatos de diminuição da dor ao resfriar a lesão e atuar como inibidor da resposta inflamatória local. Material e Método: O estudo foi realizado em 17 pacientes. A dor foi avaliada a partir de uma comparação entre hemiface direita e esquerda, uma coberta com a máscara de Water Jel®, outra com a mesma máscara umedecida em soro fisiológico, sem os princípios ativos do produto estudado, logo após a realização do peeling de ácido tricloroacético. Resultados: As médias das notas das duas hemifaces na escala numérica foram parecidas antes da aplicação das máscara de Water Jel® e soro fisiológico. Isso se manteve na avaliação de acordo com a escala de dor de faces. Essa variáveis foram avaliadas com o teste de Wilcoxon, o qual não identificou diferença significativa entre a hemiface direita e a esquerda. Discussão: Há poucos trabalhos que discutem medidas analgésicas para esse tipo de procedimento. Estudos demonstraram que a heparina é bastante eficaz em abrandar ou eliminar essa fase dolorosa, também, que o Burnshield® mostrou eficácia comparável à água corrente no tratamento inicial de queimaduras, com melhores resultados depois de 24 horas de evolução. Conclusão: conclui-se que as máscaras em ambas hemifaces apresentaram o mesmo efeito, nenhuma delas em comparação, obtiveram maior analgesia no decorrer do tempo.
PENGARUH SUHU PENGADUKAN TERHADAP YIELD BIODIESEL DARI MINYAK JELANTAH
Authors: Mawarni Drajat Indah , Suryanto Hendri 
Published: May 2018

Biodiesel merupakan sumber energi alternatif pengganti minyak diesel, yang dapat dibuat dari senyawa tri gliserida dengan melalui proses reaksi transesterifikasi dengan menggunakan ethanol dan katalis KOH. Salah satu senyawa tri gliserida yang dapat digunakan sebagai bahan baku pembuatan biodiesel adalah minyak jelantah yang merupakan limbah minyak kelapa sawit. Parameter yang dapat digunakan sebagai tolok ukur dalam penelitian adalah jumlah yield biodiesel yang dihasilkan, dengan variasi suhu pengadukan. Variasi suhu pengadukan yang digunakan adalah (40,45,50,55,60)oC. Perbandingan molar ethanol yang digunakan dalam percobaan terhadap minyak jelantah adalah 6:1 dengan jumlah katalis KOH sebanyak 1% berat minyak jelantah. Sebelum proses transesterifikasi,dilakukan bleaching atau pemucatan dengan menggunakan karbon aktif sebanyak 7% dari berat minyak jelantah.Bleaching dilakukan dengan proses pengadukan dengan kecepatan 200 rpm selama 1 jam. Setelah diendapkan dan disaring proses berikutnya adalah trasesterifikasi, yang dilakukan dengan mencampur minyak jelantah, ethanol dan katalis KOH. Prosese transesterifikasi dilakukan melalui proses pengadukan dengan kecepatan putaran 200 rpm selama 1 jam dan waktu pengendapan 24 jam pada berbagai perlakuan suhu pengadukan. Yield biodiesel tertinggi diperoleh pada pemanasan dengan suhu 50oC dengan nilai sebesar 76%, dan yield biodiesel terendah diperoleh pada pemanasan dengan suhu 40oC dengan nilai sebesar 40%.
PENERAPAN ALGORITMA ANT COLONY OPTIMIZATION MENENTUKAN NILAI OPTIMAL DALAM MEMILIH OBJEK WISATA BERBASIS ANDROID
Authors: Nurlaelasari Euis , Supriyadi Supriyadi , Lenggana U. Tresna 
Published: May 2018

Pencarian nilai yang optimal adalah permasalahan yang dapat dijumpai pada kehidupan sehari-hari. yaitu seperti, menentukan rute terpendek, menentukan jumlah optimal untuk persediaan hasil produksi dan lain-lain. Pencarian nilai optimal dapat digunakan untuk memperoleh nilai tertinggi dan terendah dari suatu permasalahan. Salah satu permasalahan yang populer dan dapat dipecahkan dengan algoritme optimasi adalah Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP) untuk menentukan rute terdekat dengan menggunakan algoritme Ant Colony Optimization. Namun pada kenyataannya, jarak bukanlah satu- satunya tolak ukur yang dapat diperhitungkan saat melakukan perjalanan. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melengkapi kekurangan pada penelitian sebelumnya dengan menambahkan variabel lain selain jarak. Algoritma Ant Colony Optimization digunakan untuk menentukan objek wisata dengan menghitung variabel biaya pada sebuah jarak. Sehingga dapat menghasilkan sebuah biaya transportasi terendah. Hasil dari penelitian ini berupa rancangan sistem dengan menggunakan UML (Use case, Class, Sequence, Activity Diagram) dan rancangan aplikasi pemilihan objek Wisata Karawang berbasis android dengan menerapkan Algoritme Ant Colony Optimization. Metode pengembangan sistem yang digunakan adalah System Development Life Cycle (SDLC) Waterfall serta rancangan sistem berbasis Object Oriented.
KLASIFIKASI TINGKAT KEMATANGAN BUAH APEL MANALAGI DENGAN ALGORITMA NAIVE BAYES DAN EKSTRAKSI FITUR CITRA DIGITAL
Authors: Ciputra Antonio , Setiadi De Rosal Ignatius Moses , Rachmawanto Eko Hari , Susanto Ajib 
Published: May 2018

Apel merupakan buah yang cukup populer dikonsumsi dan memiliki berbagai jenis bentuk dan warna. Apel sendiri memili berbagai warna kulit, seperti merah, hijau, dan kekuningan. Malang merupakan salah satu pusat budidaya apel di Indonesia. Jenis apel lokal indonesia yang banyak diminati adalah apel manalagi atau lebih sering disebut sebagai apel Malang. Salah satu keunikan apel manalagi adalah warnanya, warna apel ketika mentah dan matang cukup sulit dibedakan karena perbedaanya tidak terlalu siginifikan. Apel yang masih mentah berwarna hijau, sedangkan apel yang sudah matang berwarna hijau kekuningan. Hal ini membuat orang awam cukup sulit untuk membedakannya. Teknologi klasifikasi saat ini dapat dimanfaatkan untuk membatu proses pemilahan tersebut. Penelitian ini mengusulkan metode naive bayes dan ekstraksi fitur citra untuk mengklasifikasi tingkat kematangan buah apel manalagi. Dimana tingkat kematangan akan dibagi menjadi dua jenis, yaitu apel matang dan apel mentah. Ekstraksi fitur yang digunakan pada penelitian ini rerata intensitas, energi, entropy, standar deviasi, smothness dan skewness. Keenam fitur tersebut diklasifikasi dengan naive bayes. Data yang digunakan pada penelittian ini adalah 130 citra, yang terdiri dari 100 citra latih dan 30 citra uji. Hasil akurasi metode ini mencapai 63%. Kata kunci: apel manalagi, naïve bayes, klasifikasi, ekstraksi fitur, citra digital.