bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
BOSTN Bundle Intervention for Perioperative Screening and Management of Patients With Suspected Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Hospital Registry Study
Authors: Raub Dana , Santer Peter , Nabel Sarah , Platzbecker Katharina , Munoz-Acuna Ronny , Xu Xinling , Friedrich Sabine , Ramachandran Satya Krishna , Eikermann Matthias , Sundar Eswar 
Published: July 2019

BACKGROUND:
We developed and implemented a perioperative guideline for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), comprising a preoperative screening tool (BOSTN) and clinical management pathways. OSA was suspected with 2 or more of the following: body mass index ≥30 kg/m2, observed apnea, loud snoring, daytime tiredness, and neck circumference ≥16.5 inches in women or ≥ 17.5 inches in men. The primary objective of this study was to assess the association between high BOSTN scores and the requirement of invasive mechanical ventilation after surgery.

METHODS:
In this hospital registry study, 169,662 noncardiac surgical cases performed at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (BIDMC), Boston, MA, between May 2008 and September 2017 were analyzed. We assessed the association between a high BOSTN Score (score ≥2) and the primary outcome of requirement of invasive mechanical ventilation within 7 days after surgery using multivariable logistic regression adjusted for patient-specific factors and case-specific surgical and anesthesiological confounders. Patients with a BOSTN Score ≥2 were assumed to have a high likelihood of suffering from OSA. Key secondary outcome was postoperative desaturation, defined as a peripheral oxygen saturation measurement <90% within 10 minutes of extubation.

RESULTS:
Invasive mechanical ventilation within 7 days of surgery was necessary in 3170 (2.3%) low-risk cases (BOSTN Score <2) and 664 (2.1%) high-risk cases (BOSTN Score ≥2). A score ≥2 was associated with significantly lower odds of requiring postoperative invasive ventilation (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.89; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.80–0.98; P = .017), but with an increased risk of postextubation desaturation (aOR, 1.34; 99.3% CI, 1.21–1.48; P < .001). Patients with a score ≥2 were hospitalized for an average of 3.71 days after surgery, compared to 4.27 days with a score <2 (adjusted incidence rate ratio [aIRR], 0.87; 99.3% CI, 0.84–0.91; P < .001).

CONCLUSIONS:
Patients at high risk of OSA required postoperative mechanical ventilation less frequently, had higher odds of postoperative desaturation, and were hospitalized for shorter periods of time.
Right to Education under European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms 1950
Authors: Pillai Sheeba 
Published: July 2019

Right to education is one of the most important human rights and has been widely so acknowledged in several international and regional documents related to human rights. These documents have defined the right in an
elaborate manner placing a lot of emphasis on compulsory elementary education and thereby making it obligatory on the states to provide the same and also guarantee equality of accessibility of education at higher levels. The European Convention on Human Rights 1950 has guaranteed the right to education in Article 2 of Protocol 1.Unlike the International Covenant on the Economic, Social and Cultural Rights 1966 or the other
regional documents, the European Convention on Human Rights 1950 has not defined the right to education in an elaborate manner, in the document. Thus, the burden of making the right to education more resourceful fell
largely upon the shoulders of the enforcement mechanism, they being European Court and European Commission of Human Rights, both constituted by the Convention. This article makes an analysis of the right to education as interpreted by these two authorities.
Analysis of Public Policy and Enforcement of Domestic and Foreign Arbitral Awards in India
Authors: Dubey Yash 
Published: July 2019

The Public Policy doctrine is an unruly horse in India, when it comes to the enforcement of domestic and foreign awards. The main objective behind choosing this topic was to shed light on how public policy has been used by the losing party, in delaying the enforcement of arbitral award, which hampers the whole objective of arbitration. Though one may argue that the 2015 Amendment Act has settled all the controversies regarding public policy and enforcement of arbitral award, the author is of the opinion that there are still some areas that are left unexplored by the Arbitration Amendment Act. The paper primarily focuses on the changing trend of public policy with respect to arbitration in India. In addition, the author has compared the doctrine of public policy in India with that of countries such as France, Russia, United Kingdom and U.SA. The most important contribution of this research paper is that it analyses the validity of patent illegality in domestic arbitration.
Judicial Analysis of the Constitutional and Procedural Safeguards against Arbitrary Arrest and Detention
Authors: B Depthi 
Published: July 2019

Right to life under Article 21 of the Indian Constitution
has been accorded a paramount status by the judiciary.
Article 21 and 22 of the Constitution envisages detailed
safeguards against arbitrary arrest and detention. The
judiciary, in a series of cases, has examined at length these
safeguards in the larger context of the power of the
executive to apprehend persons who are suspected of
having committed crimes. This paper makes an in depth
analysis of the judicial pronouncements relating to the
power of the executive to arrest. The paper also analyses
the amendments made in the year 2008 to the Criminal
Procedure Code 1973. The concept of compensatory
jurisprudence laid down by the Supreme Court in cases of
arbitrary deprivation of life and liberty under Article 21 of
the Constitution is also assayed.
E-Commerce: Expectations and Shortfalls
Authors: Hazarika Angshuman 
Published: July 2019

The concept of E-commerce has existed since the
inception of the internet, but it has acquired significance
in the recent years. India being one of the fastest growing
E-commerce markets in the world has no specific
legislation to protect the interests of the buyers and sellers
of goods and services over the electronic medium. The
situation is further complicated by the fact that a typical
transaction over the internet or phone needs the
involvement of many service providers including a
payment gateway, the main website, the bank or card
verification website, the security certification website and
the final service provider, which includes the shipping
agent who delivers the goods. Separate laws are required
to regulate the functioning of all these intermediaries. The
paper examines the existing provisions available for the
protection of the buyers and sellers who conduct
transactions through the electronic medium. Further, the
customer protection policies of four dominant E-
commerce websites in India being flipkart.com, irctc.co.in,
makemytrip.com and groupon.co.in are evaluated. A few
cases of consumer disputes arising over transactions
conducted over the electronic medium are also discussed.
Lastly, the paper analyses the measures which needs to be
taken to provide protection to buyers and sellers on the
internet.
India’s Tryst with International Criminal Law: Why Delhi Cannot Digest the Roman Pasta?
Authors: Bhagi Arjun 
Published: July 2019

The Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court of
1998 (the statute) establishing the International Criminal
Court (ICC) seeks to provide an international criminal
law regime to deal with crimes against humanity. Despite
the path breaking structure of this statute, India has
refrained from being a signatory to it. This paper deals
extensively with India’s unhappiness over a universally
important and well drafted law like the Rome Statute.
This paper debates two major concerns of India with
respect to the statute: abuse of referrals by the Security
Council and the challenge to its sovereignty. It also
features an exhaustive discussion of India’s eagerness to
include terrorism and ‘use of nuclear warfare’ as crimes
under the statute. Based on an extensive legal research,
the author concludes that India must make no further
delay in becoming a member nation of thestatute.
El rol de los jueces en el marco de la ‘lucha contra el delito’ en el Sur Global: un análisis comparativo de los casos de la Provincia de Buenos Aires y Metro Manila
Authors: Ciocchini Pablo 
Published: July 2019

En las últimas décadas se ha presenciado globalmente el surgimiento de un populismo penal de la mano del miedo al delito. Este fenómeno ha adquirido características especiales en los países del Sur Global, en dónde la sensación de inseguridad se ha agravado por la ineficacia de las agencias estatales encargadas de lidiar con el delito. La corrupción y el abuso policial vuelven el populismo penal en el Sur Global aún más peligroso que en los países del Norte Global. En este contexto, el rol de control de legalidad sobre el accionar policial que ejerce en forma indirecta la justicia penal, y en especial de los jueces, es muy importante; sin embargo, la ineficacia de la justicia penal limita su intervención. Aún más, reformas que buscaron mejorar su eficacia han limitado su capacidad de controlar los procedimientos policiales. En este artículo se compara el rol que cumplen los jueces en casos penales en la Provincia de Buenos Aires (Argentina) y Metro Manila (Filipinas). El análisis comparativo demuestra que, en ambos casos, la situación es preocupante. Los jueces han perdido el liderazgo en las políticas de castigo del delito y su rol de contralor de la legalidad de las prácticas policiales está seriamente debilitado.
O judeu na literatura para crianças e jovens. Uma leitura com História.
Authors: D'Alte Pedro 
Published: July 2019

A diegese d’O caderno do avô Heinrich dá a conhecer uma personagem que migra por força da perseguição cultural e religiosa. Heinrich refugia-se, nos últimos anos da sua vida, em Portugal. A referência narrativa desperta, desde logo, a curiosidade pela possível relação entre a fé judaica e o espaço geográfico português. Por outro lado, sendo tão breve, a mesma oculta todo o tecido histórico que se entretece entre ‘Portugal’ e o ‘Judaísmo’2. Porque merecedor de atenção académica, o trabalho que aqui se apresenta pretende ler os imagótipos judaicos presentes em narrativas para jovens - em articulação com a historiografia portuguesa -, com o intuito de relembrar e de tornar visível este rico património histórico.
Bolsonaro, China and the Indo-Pacific: Challenges in Sight | Bolsonaro, China e o Indo-Pacífico: desafios à vista
Authors: Gabriel João Paulo Nicolini , Mandelbaum Henoch Gabriel , Sanches Siqueira Campos André , Carvalho Carlos Eduardo 
Published: July 2019

This essay aims to focus on the initial perspectives about Brazil’s foreign policy and strategic thinking on how to cope with the rise of China’s economic and political might since the inauguration of Jair Bolsonaro’s administration. Bolsonaro demonstrates an interest in approach to the United States’ grievances against China. This paper advocate this strategy faces some hurdles: geographical and economic issues constrain countries such as Australia, India, and Japan to assume assertive instances against China, although they present uneasiness with the Chinese regional ambitions and Washington’s demands of a more active role in the Indo-Pacific. These countries compose with the United States the so-called Quadrilateral Security Dialogue, an initiative that seeks to facilitate their policy coordination towards the Indo-Pacific. However, Canberra, Tokyo, and New Delhi uphold a pragmatic strategy in order to maintain their special ties with the United States and to avoid skirmishes with Beijing.Keywords: Brazilian Foreign Policy; China; Indo-Pacific.RESUMOEste ensaio pretende focar nas perspectivas iniciais sobre a política externa e o pensamento estratégico do Brasil sobre como lidar com a ascensão do poder econômico e político da China desde a posse do governo de Jair Bolsonaro. Bolsonaro demonstra interesse em se aproximar das queixas dos Estados Unidos contra a China. Este artigo defende que essa estratégia enfrenta alguns obstáculos: questões geográficas e econômicas impedem que países como a Austrália, a Índia e o Japão assumam posições assertivas contra a China, embora apresentem desconforto com as ambições regionais chinesas e as exigências de Washington de um papel mais ativo no Indo-Pacífico. Esses países compõem, ao lado dos Estados Unidos, o chamado Diálogo Quadrilateral de Segurança, uma iniciativa que busca facilitar sua coordenação política em direção ao Indo-Pacífico. No entanto, Canberra, Tóquio e Nova Déli mantêm uma estratégia pragmática para manter seus laços especiais com os Estados Unidos e evitar confrontos com Pequim.Palavras-chave: Política Externa Brasileira; China; Indo-Pacífico.Recebido em: 11 fev.2019 | Aceito em: 2 mai.2019DOI: 0.12957/rmi.2019.40103
GESTÃO DEMOCRÁTICA E O PROCESSO DE EDUCAÇÃO INCLUSIVA: UMA RELAÇÃO POSSÍVEL?
Authors: Gonçalves Gomes Cintra Rosana Carla 
Published: July 2019

Resumo: O artigo é recorte da pesquisa que tem como investigação a relação da gestão democrática no processo de educação inclusiva. Discutimos no campo da Educação Especial na perspectiva da inclusão tecendo a seguinte problemática: qual a relação da gestão democrática no processo de educação inclusiva? Os procedimentos metodológicos foram pesquisas em bancos de dissertações e teses no Brasil e análise do questionário intitulado “Inquérito para professores do Brasil que atuam na educação da infância e possuem crianças inclusas”. Como resultados, a dificuldade do trabalho escolar com a multiplicidade de sujeitos, dificuldades nas práticas e concepções democráticas, tendo em vista a fragmentação do trabalho do professor.Palavras-chave: educação especial, inclusão, gestão democrática.
TEMPO DE INCERTEZAS: ELEMENTOS PARA UMA EDUCAÇÃO EMANCIPATÓRIA NA PERSPECTIVA DA TEORIA CRÍTICA DE T. W. ADORNO
Authors: Rocha Cleidson De Jesus 
Published: July 2019

O presente ensaio discute a sensação de mal-estar enfrentada pela sociedade contemporâneo, resultante das frustrações de compartilhar uma mentalidade regressiva e pouco ilustrada, no sentido emancipatório. Esse clima cultural geral é descrito por T. W. Adorno como uma regressão no tecido civilizatório e se manifesta aqui e acolá como um sintoma de que nem tudo está tão bem resolvido numa dada sociedade tecnologicamente avançada. Deste modo, o homem contemporâneo tornou-se vítima daquilo que ele mesmo provocou através de sua pretensão em dominar as coisas do mundo; regrediu em sua capacidade de ouvir e olhar a natureza como um todo repleto de mistérios nunca conhecidos plenamente. Diante deste quadro, o artigo apresenta as funções imperativas para a construção de uma autonomia democrática por meio de uma educação emancipatória, delineando o projeto educacional adorniano, que diz respeito aos esforços de investimento na formação crítica, que não premie a dor e que esclareça a respeito das possibilidades de que haja outras canalizações para a fúria represada das frustações cotidianas. Com este alerta, Adorno defende o seu principal projeto educaciconal: que Auschwitz não se repita.
Liver cancer
Authors: Peate Ian 
Published: July 2019

To understand liver cancer and to provide care that is patient-centred, safe and effective, the healthcare assistant and the assistant practitioner (HCA and AP) need to know about the normal structure and function of the liver. This article provides an overview and insight regarding primary liver cancer. A brief overview of the anatomy and physiology of the liver is provided, along with a discussion of liver cancer. The signs and symptoms of the condition are described and treatment options discussed. The HCA and AP have a role to play as members of the multidisciplinary team who offer care to those people with liver cancer and their families. A glossary of terms is provided, as well as multiple-choice questions to aid retention and recall, and 3 CPD reflective questions.
An overview of organ donation for support staff
Authors: Bleakley Gregory 
Published: July 2019

The purpose of this article is to outline the importance of organ and tissue donation as a normal part of end-of-life care. Organ-donation statistics are presented, which highlight the need for more donors. Many healthcare assistants (HCAs) and registered nurses are involved in the care of dying and deceased patients. This article intends to equip the HCA with knowledge of key terms and best practice concerning the organ- and tissue-donation process. Grief response is briefly explored and the importance of collaborative working is discussed. A framework for best practice is presented to enhance the likelihood of a positive donation outcome.
Caring for your migrant patients and providing for their needs
Authors: Crawshaw Alison , Hornigold Rachael , Mandal Sema , Campos-Matos Ines 
Published: July 2019

Most migrants who come to the UK are young and healthy adults, but some have specific health needs that may be less familiar to health practitioners. This article describes migration patterns and highlights key points for migrant-sensitive care in general practice The UK has a long history of migration and in 2018 an estimated 14% of the population were born overseas. As international migration and displacement continue to rise, understanding how to care for migrant patients is of increasing importance for health professionals. This article describes migration trends in the UK and suggests considerations for care relating to key aspects of migrant health in general practice, including migrants' entitlements to the NHS, immunisation, infectious disease surveillance, testing and treatment, mental health, human trafficking and sociocultural considerations. It also highlights useful resources.
Social prescribing in practice: community-centred approaches
Authors: Howarth Michelle , Burns Liz 
Published: July 2019

More people are living longer with multimorbidities, many of which are handled in general practice. Michelle Howarth and Liz Burns highlight the contribution that general practice nurses can make to providing person-centred approaches to improving health and wellbeing The NHS Long Term Plan recognised the need to understand that ’what matters to someone’ is not the same as ‘what's the matter with someone’. Conversations that focus on what is the matter with someone typically draw out the patient's needs, with assessment and care planning based on classic principles of pathogenesis and accompanying clinical solutions. Conversations that consider what matters to someone draw out a person's individual assets and what is important to them, with personalised care and support planning based on principles of salutogenesis and non-medical solutions, such as social prescribing. This article explores the pivotal role that practice nurses have in maximising their impact on personalised care and population health for all, including for people living with long-term physical and mental health conditions. It highlights the unique contribution that practice nurses can make in strengthening community-centred approaches to health and wellbeing in primary care.
Analyzing risk factors for recurrence of developmental coxa vara after surgery
Authors: Bian Z. , Xu Y. J. , Guo Y. , Fu G. , Lyu X. M. , Wang Q. Q. 
Published: July 2019

Purpose To evaluate the risk factors for developmental coxa vara (DCV) recurrence following valgus osteotomy of the proximal femur. Methods We retrospectively reviewed records of 32 DCV patients (46 hips) treated surgically (2005 to 2012). Recurrence-related factors, including age at initial surgery, side, sex, fixation methods, diagnosis of coxa vara, premature capital femoral physeal closure and postoperative Hilgenreiner epiphyseal (HE) angle, head-shaft (HS) angle, medial femoral offset and posterior slope angle (PSA) were analyzed. Results At 4.7-year mean follow-up, 12 hip deformities recurred (26%). Postoperative HE angle > 41° and negative offset were statistically significant univariate and multivariate risk factors for the deformity recurrence. Increased PSA was common preoperatively, which accounted for 59% of hips. Postoperative PSA > 20° was associated with a high recurrence rate in the univariate analysis. Age was another univariate risk factor for the recurrence. Recurrence rate was 52% in the < 6.5-year age group versus 4% in the > 6.5-year age group. Other factors were not statistically significantly related to recurrence. Conclusion DCV is a 3D deformity. To prevent recurrence, HE angle should be restored to < 41° in the coronal plane. Sagittal malalignment (abnormal PSA) should be corrected concurrently, so that, the direction of surgical correction is along the true deformity plane. During valgus osteotomy, the distal fragment should be lateralized to maintain a normal mechanical axis. Level of Evidence IV
Whole-transcriptome sequencing of knee joint cartilage from osteoarthritis patients
Authors: Li H. , Yang H. H. , Sun Z. G. , Tang H. B. , Min J. K. 
Published: July 2019

Objectives The aim of this study was to provide a comprehensive understanding of alterations in messenger RNAs (mRNAs), long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs) in cartilage affected by osteoarthritis (OA). Methods The expression profiles of mRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs in OA cartilage were assessed using whole-transcriptome sequencing. Bioinformatics analyses included prediction and reannotation of novel lncRNAs and circRNAs, their classification, and their placement into subgroups. Gene ontology and pathway analysis were performed to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs), differentially expressed lncRNAs (DELs), and differentially expressed circRNAs (DECs). We focused on the overlap of DEGs and targets of DELs previously identified in seven high-throughput studies. The top ten DELs were verified by quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) in articular chondrocytes, both in vitro and in vivo. Results In total, 739 mRNAs, 1152 lncRNAs, and 42 circRNAs were found to be differentially expressed in OA cartilage tissue. Among these, we identified 18 overlapping DEGs and targets of DELs, and the top ten DELs were screened by expression profile analysis as candidate OA-related genes. WISP2, ATF3, and CHI3L1 were significantly increased in both normal versus OA tissues and normal versus interleukin (IL)-1β-induced OA-like cell models, while ADAM12, PRELP, and ASPN were shown to be significantly decreased. Among the identified DELs, we observed higher expression of ENST00000453554 and MSTRG.99593.3, and lower expression of MSTRG.44186.2 and NONHSAT186094.1 in normal versus OA cells and tissues. Conclusion This study revealed expression patterns of coding and noncoding RNAs in OA cartilage, which added sets of genes and noncoding RNAs to the list of candidate diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic agents for OA patients. Cite this article: H. Li, H. H. Yang, Z. G. Sun, H. B. Tang, J. K. Min. Whole-transcriptome sequencing of knee joint cartilage from osteoarthritis patients. Bone Joint Res 2019;8:290–303. DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.87.BJR-2018-0297.R1.