bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Increased Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Veterans With Mental Illness
Authors: Vance Mary C. , Wiitala Wyndy L. , Sussman Jeremy B. , Pfeiffer Paul , Hayward Rodney A. 
Published: September 2019

Background:
Although previous studies have demonstrated an association between various mental illnesses and cardio-cerebrovascular disease (CVD) risk, few have compared the strength of association between different mental illnesses and CVD risk.

Methods and Results:

We assessed the association of psychiatric diagnoses (psychosis, bipolar disorder, depression, anxiety, and posttraumatic stress disorder) with major CVD outcomes (CVD events and CVD mortality) over 5 years, using a national primary prevention cohort of military veterans receiving care in the Department of Veterans Affairs. Data were linked from the Department of Veterans Affairs, Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention National Death Index databases. We used multiple logistic regression to examine how the presence of a psychiatric diagnosis at baseline (2005–2009) was associated with CVD outcomes over the next 5 years (January 1, 2010, to December 31, 2014) stratified by sex, adjusting for other psychiatric diagnoses, as well as age, race, conventional CVD risk factors as calculated by the Veterans Affairs Risk Score-CVD, and antipsychotic and anticonvulsant/mood stabilizer medication prescriptions. Approximately 1.52 million men and over 94 000 women met our inclusion criteria. In the fully adjusted model, among men, we found that depression, psychosis, and bipolar disorder were predictive of both CVD events and CVD mortality, with psychosis having the largest effect size (eg, adjusted odds ratio, 1.48; CI, 1.41–1.56;
P
<0.001 for psychosis and CVD mortality). Among women, only psychosis and bipolar disorder were predictive of both CVD events and CVD mortality, again with psychosis having the largest effect size (eg, adjusted odds ratio, 1.97; CI, 1.52–2.57;
P
<0.001 for psychosis and CVD mortality). Anxiety was associated with only CVD mortality in men, and depression was associated with only CVD events in women.

Conclusions:
Consistent with the hypothesis that chronic stress leads to greater CVD risk, multiple mental illnesses were associated with an increased risk of CVD outcomes, with more severe mental illnesses (eg, primary psychotic disorders) having the largest effect sizes even after controlling for other psychiatric diagnoses, conventional CVD risk factors, and psychotropic medication use.
Value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound for detection of synovial vascularity in experimental rheumatoid arthritis: an exploratory study
Authors: Liu Hui , Huang Chao , Chen Shuqiang , Zheng Qing , Ye Yuhong , Ye Zhen , Lv Guorong 
Published: September 2019

Objective This study aimed to examine the associations between contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) imaging and synovial hypervascularity and synovitis score in a rabbit model of antigen-induced arthritis (AIA), compared with power Doppler ultrasound (PDUS). Methods We investigated 50 knee joints in 25 AIA rabbits (AIA group), and 10 knee joints in five sham-injected rabbits (control group). PDUS and CEUS images were evaluated at the 8th week. Ultrasound-guided synovial biopsies were targeted in the area with hypervascularity, and synovial microvessel density (MVD) was evaluated by immunohistochemical staining of CD31. Results The PDUS score was significantly higher in the AIA group (2.61 ± 0.78) compared with the control group (0.50 ± 0.53). CEUS in the AIA group revealed a fast-in/slow-out pattern of contrast enhancement. MVD revealed by CD31+ vessel count and the synovitis score were significantly higher in the AIA group compared with the control group. In the AIA group, CEUS findings showed a better correlation with MVD revealed by CD31+ and synovitis score than PDUS findings. Conclusion CEUS is superior to PDUS for estimating synovial hypervascularity and hyperplasia in experimental rheumatoid arthritis.
Is central obesity associated with diabetic retinopathy in Chinese individuals? An exploratory study
Authors: Zhou Jian-Bo , Yuan Jing , Tang Xing-Yao , Zhao Wei , Luo Fu-Qiang , Bai Lu , Li Bei , Cong Jia , Qi Lu , Yang Jin-Kui 
Published: September 2019

Objective To our knowledge, the independent association between central obesity, defined by waist circumference (WC) or waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), and diabetic retinopathy (DR) remains unknown in Chinese individuals. Method The study was conducted in two stages. First, the relationship between WC or WHR and DR was estimated in a case-control set (DR vs. non-DR) for the whole population before and after propensity score matching. Subsequently, a systematic review and meta-analysis was performed on evidence from the literature to validate the relationship. Results Of 511 eligible patients, DR (N = 156) and non-DR (N = 156) patients with similar propensity scores were included in the propensity score matching analyses. Central obesity (defined by WC) was associated with risk of DR (odds ratio [OR] 1.07, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] (1.03–1.10). The meta-analysis showed that central obesity significantly increased the risk of DR by 12% (OR 1.12, 95% CI 1.02–1.22). Analysis of data from 18 studies showed a significant association between continuous body mass index and risk of proliferative DR (OR 0.95, 95% CI 0.93–0.98; I2 = 50%). Conclusion Central obesity, particularly as defined by WC, is associated with the risk of DR in the Chinese population.
Surface anatomy site for thoracostomy using the axillary hairline
Authors: O’Keeffe Francis , Surendran Nanda , Yazbek Carl , Pandji Priscilla , Varma Dinesh , Fitzgerald Mark C , Mitra Biswadev 
Published: September 2019

Objective Procedural complication rates associated with tube thoracostomy for pleural decompression is estimated to be between 2 and 25%, with incorrect insertion site being a common problem. We hypothesised that the inferior-most hair follicle in the axillary region would provide an accurate biometric marker to identify the fourth to sixth intercostal space. Methods A prospective cohort of patients requiring computed tomography scan of the chest was recruited from February 2015 to March 2016 at The Alfred Hospital. The inferior-most hair follicle on the patient’s axillary region was tagged with a paperclip, and a radiologist reported this location with reference to the corresponding intercostal spaces. Results Of the 254 enrolled patients, a total of 310 paperclip positions over intercostal spaces were analysed. There were 101 (32.5%) paperclips positioned in the fourth and fifth intercostal spaces with the remainder at the second or third intercostal spaces, and no paperclips placed at the sixth intercostal space or lower. Conclusions This study demonstrated that the inferior-most hair follicle in the axilla corresponded to an area between the second and fifth intercostal spaces. Recognition of this surface anatomy has the potential to eliminate iatrogenic injuries to the diaphragm and sub-diaphragmatic organs, but should not be used as the sole marker due to potential risks from high placement of pleural drains.
Host-pathogen interaction for larvae oysters with salinity dependent transmission
Authors: Sunthawanic Kalanyu , Bunwong Kornkanok , Sae-jie Wichuta 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Mathematical models of host-pathogen interactions are proposed and analyzed. Here hosts are oyster population in a free-swimming larval stage and assumably live in the closed homogeneous environment. In terms of an epidemic, they are classified into two states, namely susceptible and infectious hosts. The epidemic model of oyster hosts with seasonal forced transmission is firstly described by the SIS model where the region of attraction, the existence of equilibrium points, their stability conditions, and upper and lower bounds on the attack rate are investigated. Then free-living pathogen is introduced in the oyster area. Numerical simulations are finally carried out by making use of the various salinity-dependent transmissions in support of the hypothesis that the lower the salinity level, the lower oyster’s immunity.
Simultaneous identification of initial field and spatial heat source for heat conduction process by optimizations
Authors: Wang Bingxian , Yang Bin , Xu Mei 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Consider the simultaneous identification of the initial field and spatial heat source for heat conduction process from extra measurements with the two additional measurement data at different times. The uniqueness and conditional stability for this inverse problem are established by using the properties of a parabolic equation and the representation of solution after reforming the equation. By combining the least squares method with the regularization technique, the inverse problem is transformed into an optimal control problem. Based on the existence and uniqueness of the minimizer of the cost functional, an alternative iteration process is built to solve this optimizing problem by the variational adjoint method. The negative gradient direction is selected as the first search direction. For further iterations, the alternative iteration algorithm is used for the initial field and heat source identification. The efficiency of the proposed scheme is tested by the numerical simulation experiments.
Effect of dietary supplementation of formic acid, butyric acid or their combination on carcass and meat characteristics of broiler chickens
Authors: Sugiharto S. , Yudiarti T. , Isroli I. , Widiastuti E. , Wahyuni H. I. , Sartono T. A. , Nurwantoro N. , Al-Baarri A. N. 
Published: September 2019

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the impact of dietary supplementation of formic acid, butyric acid or their combination on carcass and meat characteristics of broiler chicks. A number of 288 day-old-chicks (Lohmann MB-202 meat broilers) were distributed to four groups, including CONT (basal diet with no additive as a control), FORM (basal diet containing 0.1% formic acid), BUTR (basal diet with 0.03% butyric acid) and FORM+BUTR (basal diet with 0.1% formic and 0.03% butyric acid). At day 35 the birds were slaughtered and eviscerated, and from which the breast meat was obtained. Carcass and cut yields of broilers were not different (P>0.05) among CONT, FORM and BUTR birds. The combination of formic and butyric acids increased (P<0.05) the relative weight of back of broilers. Meat pH value was higher (P<0.05) in organic acids treated than in non-treated birds. Organic acids lowered (P<0.05) drip loss of broiler meat. Butyric acid increased (P<0.05) moisture and decreased (P<0.05) the content of meat protein. Formic acid increased (P<0.05), whereas butyric acid and combination of formic and butyric acids decreased (P<0.05) lightness values of breast meat. Yellowness values of meat increased (P<0.05) with organic acid administration. Intense bands of 25 kDa (phosphoglycerate mutase) was observed in most of meat samples from the treated birds, but not in meat from the control birds. In conclusion, dietary supplementation of organic acids was capable of improving the meat quality of broiler meats. The treatments may prevent the pale, soft and exudative (PSE)-like condition in broiler meats.
Dual Treatment of Milk Processing Industry Wastewater Using Electro Fenton Process Followed by Anaerobic Treatment
Authors: Thirugnanasambandham K. , Ganesamoorthy R. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Milk processing industry produced in large amounts wastewater with high pH, temperature and toxic matters. These effluents can exhibit serious environmental problems and public health concerns if improperly disposed. In this present study, an attempt has been made to investigate the efficiency of combined treatment for milk processing industry wastewater. Advanced oxidation process used as primary treatment where as biological process is applied as post treatment to degrade the toxic matters. Parameters affecting the combined process on the percentage removal of turbidity and chemical oxygen (COD) demand were studied in detail. Under the optimum conditions, 93 % of turbidity and 97 % of COD were removed. These results indicated that the proposed technique could be used to degrade the maximum turbidity and chemical oxygen demand from milk processing industry wastewater.
Characterization and corrosion resistance of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene composite coatings reinforced with tungsten carbide particles in hydrochloric acid medium
Authors: Adesina Akeem Yusuf , Khan Muhammad Faizan , Azam Muhammad Umar , Abdul Samad Mohammed , Sorour Ahmad A. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) composite coatings reinforced with different concentrations (1, 3, 6, and 9 wt%) of submicron tungsten carbide (WC) particles were synthesized using electrostatic sprayed method, characterized and evaluated for corrosion resistance in 1 m HCl electrolytic solution. Results showed that the mechanical properties and adhesion strength of the coatings improved with the increasing WC content to an optimum loading of 6 wt%. These properties slightly dropped when the WC content was further increased to 9 wt% due to agglomeration of the WC particles. Furthermore, both the potentiodynamic polarization test and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurement confirmed the high corrosion protection efficiency of the UHMWPE/WC composite coatings over the pristine UHMWPE coating to a minimum of 80% improvement. The 1 wt% WC reinforced UHMWPE coating exhibited the highest corrosion resistance due to better dispersion of the WC particles in the matrix.
Significant improvement of the low-temperature toughness of PVC/ASA/NBR ternary blends through the concept of mismatched thermal expansion coefficient
Authors: Zhang Xueqiang , Mao Zepeng , Zhang Jun 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
In this study, poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC)/acrylonitrile-styrene-acrylic terpolymer (ASA)/acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber (NBR) ternary blends were designed based on the concept of mismatched thermal expansion coefficient between different components, resulting in significant improvement of the low-temperature toughness. The large difference in thermal expansion coefficients strengthened the interfacial tensile force (i.e. negative pressure) on NBR phase and reduced its glass transition temperature (T
g

) by nearly 20°C, which was attributed to the improvement in the free volume of NBR. As a result, the low-temperature toughness of PVC/ASA/NBR ternary blends improved significantly. With the incorporation of 12.5 phr NBR in the PVC/ASA (100/15, w/w) matrix, the blends could achieve the highest impact strength of 76.2 kJ/m2 at 0°C and 10.7 kJ/m2 at −30°C. Simultaneously, the brittle-ductile transition (BDT) of the toughness shifted to the high NBR content region with the decrease of temperature. However, the improvement in the toughness of PVC/ASA/NBR ternary blends was at the expense of a decrease in rigidity.
The effect of Diplotaenia turcica root extract in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats
Authors: Özdek Uğur , Yıldırım Serkan , Değer Yeter 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Background

Diplotaenia turcica has been used traditionally to diabetes treatment. In this study, the effects of D. turcica root extract (DT) on diabetes mellitus induced by streptozotocin (STZ) were investigated.

Materials and methods
In this study, 78 male rats were used, rats were divided into 9 groups randomly. In diabetic groups, STZ was given a single dose of 45 mg/kg by intraperitoneally. DT (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg) and glibenclamide (5 mg/kg) were given by orally. Blood and pancreas tissue samples were taken for biochemical and pathological tests.

Results
It was found that glucose levels decreased, and insulin levels increased in the treatment groups compared with the diabetes group. In addition, only in 200 mg/kg DT dose group was found to decrease HbA1c levels. Pancreatic tissue analysis showed that MDA levels decreased and GSH levels and CAT, SOD, GSH-Px and GSH-R activities increased in diabetic rats treated with DT. Histopathological and immunohistochemical examinations of the pancreas showed significant improvements in the treatment with DT.

Conclusion
These results clearly show the antioxidant property of DT. The findings of this study showed that increased doses of DT may have a therapeutic effect on STZ-induced pancreatic damage.
K-Einfang beim natürlich aktiven Cassiopeium
Authors: Flammersfeld Arnold 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Die von dem natürlich aktiven 176Cp ausgesandte durchdringende Strahlung wurde durch Absorption in Kupfer, Cadmium und Blei untersucht. Außer der bereits bekannten γ-Strahlung von 260 KeV wurde noch eine K-Strahlung gleicher Intensität nachgewiesen. Durch Vergleich mit den Ergebnissen von W. Bothe am 6,8-Tage-Cp wurden beide Strahlungen auf K-Einfang zurückgeführt, so daß auch der Grundzustand 176 Cp dual zerfällt. Der K-Einfang ist 2 ± 0,4-mal so häufig wie der ß-Übergang, so daß die Halbwertszeit des Isotops 176Cp nur ⅓ des von Libby aus der ß-Aktivität bestimmten Wertes, nämlich 2,4 × 1010 Jahre, beträgt.
Anomale D+ -und OD– -Ionenbeweglichkeit in schwerem Wasser
Authors: Gierer A. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Es wurden Messungen über die Temperaturabhängigkeit der Leitfähigkeit von DCl, NaOD und NaCl in schwerem und Gemischen von leichtem und schwerem Wasser angestellt. In D2O wurde durcb Extrapolation die Äquivalentleitfähigkeit bei unendlicher Verdünnung, in Gemischen von H2O und D2O die Abweichung vom linearen Verlauf mit dem Molenbruch H2O in D2O bestimmt. Diese Meßergebnisse wurden mit den Erwartungen verglichen, die sich aus der Theorie der anomal hohen Beweglichkeit der H+-und OH--bzw. D+-und OD--Ionen ergeben. Hiernach liegt ein besonderer Wanderungsmechanismus von Protonen und Deuteronen über Wasserstoffbrücken vor, der durch die Anomalien der Wasserstruktur in charakteristischer Weise beeinflußt wird. Die Theorie, die für H+-Ionen die Experimente wiedergibt, bestätigt sich auch für D+-Ionen. Mit dem theoretischen Zusammenhang der Beweglichkeit von D+-und OD--Ionen sind die Experimente verträglich. Die Abweichung der Extrabeweglichkeit von der Linearität in Mischungen von H2O und D2O läßt sich mit unabhängig ermittelten Größen in Zusammenhang bringen und auch in ihrer Temperaturabhängigkeit erklären.
The role of beryllium in alloys, Zintl phases and intermetallic compounds
Authors: Janka Oliver , Pöttgen Rainer 
Published: September 2019

AbstractAlthough beryllium is widely used as alloying component in diverse light-weight alloys, the crystal chemistry of beryllium containing Zintl phases and intermetallic compounds is only scarcely developed and only few phase diagrams, mostly the industrially relevant ones, have been studied in detail. The present review summarizes the crystal chemical data of binary and ternary beryllium intermetallic compounds along with the results of the few documented physical property studies.
Problemática en la toma de decisiones financieras en las empresas familiares
Authors: Fernández Calle Paula Andrea , Guaca Velásquez Verónica Alejandra , Uribe Cardona Luisa Fernanda 
Published: September 2019

El 87 % de las empresas activas en Antioquia son de índole familiar, aporte significativo a los sectores de la economía nacional. Pero, la ausencia de un protocolo adecuado para tomar decisiones financieras, no les permite alcanzar su madurez económica. Este trabajo comprendió el análisis de los principales obstáculos en el proceso de toma de decisiones financieras a través del estudio de dos casos empresariales, para identificar los factores que inciden en su proceder frente a temas financieros; a través de una metodología cualitativa bajo el método analítico e inductivo. Ambos casos analizados arrojan, en los indicadores de rentabilidad, liquidez y diagnóstico, tendencias bajistas, incluso negativas, que reflejan inadecuadas prácticas de administración en decisiones con criterios subjetivos, conocimiento empírico y satisfacción de necesidades según la oportunidad del negocio, que dificultan el control de los costos y gastos, la conversión de ventas en utilidad y el retorno del capital invertido al inversionista.
Ultrasound guided hydrostatic reduction of intussusception: suitability and effectiveness with factors affecting its successful outcome
Authors: Shiekh Yassar , Khan Aamir Javed , Bhawani Shafqat Shabir 
Published: September 2019

Background: Intussusception being the leading cause of acute abdomen in childhood, its timely and accurate diagnosis assumes utmost significance in reducing the morbidity and mortality. Childhood intussusceptions are still managed surgically in our region; however, non-operative reduction has now become the gold standard of treatment worldwide. In this study, authors desired to evaluate the suitability and effectiveness of hydrostatic reduction of intussusception under ultrasound (USG)-guidance and to scrutinize the factors affecting the successful outcome.Methods: Ours was a prospective study carried out at a tertiary care centre in central Kashmir. All except those with clinical features of bowel gangrene, intestinal prolapse and peritonitis underwent ultrasound-guided hydrostatic reduction (USGHR). A maximum of three attempts were allowed.Results: Mean age of the patients was 11.2±8.8 months with age range of 3-50 months. 69.1% (n=38) of the patients presented within 24 h of being symptomatic while 30.9% had delayed presentation (>24 h). The success rate of USGHR was 81.8% (n=45). Late presentation, age and gender of the patients had no influence on successful outcome of the procedure, p >0.005. The duration of hospital stay between those who had successful hydrostatic reduction and those who afterwards underwent operative reduction or resection achieved statistical significance, p=0.0015. Authors attained a 66.2 % (45/68) reduction in operative management using USGHR as the main modality of treatment.Conclusions: USGHR is a simple, safe and effective non-operative method of treating intussusceptions in children in a limited resource setting.
Impact of blood group in dengue: a study
Authors: Joshi Anagha A. , Muneer Fazeela , R. Gayathri B. , N. Divyashree B. 
Published: September 2019

Background: Dengue can result in high mortality. Several studies have shown an association of blood groups with the severity of dengue. In our study we attempt to associate the prevalence of blood groups with the known hematological prognosticators and thus derive its impact on the severity of dengue. We aim to study the patterns and prevalence of different ABO blood groups in dengue fever.Methods: A total of 100 serologically proven dengue cases over a month’s period in November 2016 were recruited for our study. Their relevant hematological data (obtained by automated haematology analyser and peripheral smears) and blood grouping results were recorded and analyzed.Results: The age range was 5 months to 65 years with a slight male predominance. Analysis of the blood group patterns showed prevalence of O group (42%) followed by A and B group (27% each). B group was more prevalent in children (34%) and females (31%) with dengue.The patients with B group showed increased derangement in hematological parameters namely higher number of cases with B group showed rise in haematocrit (59%), an increased number of cases with leucopenia (56%), higher proportion of cases with lymphocytosis (45%) and severe thrombocytopenia (74%) when compared to the other blood groups.Conclusions: Our study shows that blood groups can impact severity of dengue and that B group is a risk factor for severity hence, such individuals warrant close supervision especially in the presence of other risk factors.