bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intra-individual Variability of Penetrating Keratoplasty Outcome After Excimer Laser Versus Motorized Corneal
Authors: Szentmáry Nóra , Langenbucher Achim , Naumann Gottfried O H , Seitz Berthold 
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To assess the intra-individual variability of outcomes after penetrating keratoplasty by comparing mechanical and nonmechanical corneal trephination.
METHODS: Fifteen patients (30 eyes, 16 with keratoconus and 14 with Fuchs' dystrophy; median age at penetrating keratoplasty 56.3/53.5 years) were assessed whose trephination was performed using a motor trephine in one eye and the 193-nm excimer laser (MEL 60, Carl Zeiss-Meditec) in the other eye by one experienced surgeon. Subjective refractometry, standard keratometry, and corneal topography were used to assess best spectacle-corrected visual acuity (BSCVA); spherical equivalent refraction; keratometric and topographic central corneal power; refractive, keratometric, and topographic astigmatism; surface regularity index; surface asymmetry index; and potential visual acuity preoperatively, before first suture removal (at 1 year), and at last available follow-up after final suture removal but before additional surgery (1.3 and 1.9 years, respectively).
RESULTS: Before first suture removal BSCVA was significantly higher (0.7 vs 0.5; P=. 008) after excimer laser trephination. At the end of follow-up, refractive/ keratometric/topographic astigmatism (2.20/2.10/2.40 diopters [D] vs 5.00/6.00/7.10 D) and surface regularity index (0.8 vs 1.1) were significantly lower (P= .02, P=. 005, P= .01, and P=. 03, respectively) and potential visual acuity was significantly higher (0.9/0.6; P=. 02) after excimer laser trephination.
CONCLUSIONS: During long-term follow-up, all-suturesout postkeratoplasty astigmatism and surface regularity are superior in the eye where nonmechanical excimer laser was applied in contrast to the fellow eye with motor trephination in the same individual. [J Refract Surg. 2006;22:804-810.]
Comparison of Partial Coherence Interferometers: ACMaster Versus Laboratory Prototype
Authors: Kriechbaum Katharina , Leydolt Christina , Findl Oliver , Bolz Matthias , Drexler Wolfgang 
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To evaluate anterior segment biometry using the ACMaster (Carl Zeiss Méditée AG, Jena, Germany) in regard to precision of measurement and clinical performance compared to the original laboratory prototype of the partial coherence interferometry technique.
METHODS: Ten phakic (20 eyes) and 27 Pseudophakie (44 eyes) patients were included in this study. Anterior segment biometry of phakic and Pseudophakie study eyes was performed using the ACMaster and the laboratory prototype of the partial coherence interferometry technique. The ACMaster isa commercially available device based on the partial coherence interferometry technique, which provides high precision anterior segment measurements in a quick and user-friendly fashion. Examination included measurement of central corneal thickness, anterior chamber depth, and lens thickness, the latter only in the phakic eyes.
RESULTS: The consistency of anterior segment measurements performed with both units was excellent in phakic as well as in Pseudophakie eyes. In Pseudophakie eyes, the measurement of anterior chamber thickness and lens thickness with the ACMaster produced several (typical) measurement artifacts in some cases, which partially aggravated the identification of the A-scan peak representing the anterior intraocular lens surface.
CONCLUSIONS: The ACMaster is a user-friendly device that enables axial anterior segment biometry using the partial coherence interferometry technique with a reproducibility similar to that of the original laboratory prototype. [J Refract Surg. 2006;22:811-816.]
Optical Quality Measurements of Hydrophobic Acrylic Intraocular Lenses
Authors: Sakuraba Tomoki 
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To compare the optical quality of several models of hydrophobic acrylic intraocular lenses (IOLs).
METHODS: Modulation transfer function (MTF) measurements were performed using a model eye system on four models of hydrophobic acrylic IOLs. Models tested were the AcrySof SA60AT, MA60AC, and MA60BM (Alcon, Ft Worth, Tex), as well as the model VA-60BB (Hoya, Tokyo, Japan). For benchmarking, the Alcon model MZ60BD polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) lens was also measured. Three lenses of each model were tested at frequencies of 50 and 100 line pairs (lp)/mm (corresponding to 20/40 and 20/20, respectively).
RESULTS: With a 3-mm aperture, the Alcon AcrySof models had mean MTF values ranging from 58.5% to 60.3% at 100 Ip/mm and 78.0% to 79.7% at 50 Ip/mm. The Hoya model VA-60BB provided statistically significantly lower (P<.05) MTF values than the Alcon AcrySof models at both frequencies (47.3±1.2% at 100 Ip/mm and 71.8±1.9% at 50 Ip/mm). With a 5-rmm aperture, the Alcon AcrySof models had MTF values ranging from 32.9% to 34.3% at 100 Ip/mm and 45.2% to 46.7% at 50 Ip/mm. Under these larger aperture conditions, the Hoya model VA-60BB also had statistically significantly lower MTF values (20.9 ±0.8% at 100 Ip/mm and 27.2±1.1% at 50 Ip/mm). Under both apertures and frequencies, the Alcon PMMA lens had statistically significantly higher MTF values than the Hoya lens and statistically significant lower MTF values than all AcrySof models.
CONCLUSIONS: Using both 3- and 5-mm aperture settings as well as frequencies corresponding to 20/20 and 20/40 vision, statistically significantly higher MTF values were obtained for AcrySof lenses, which were greater than the PMMA lens, which were greater than the Hoya model VA-60BB. The differences in MTF values between lens models are more exaggerated with a 5-mm aperture and may highlight differences in lens manufacturing processes. [J Refract Surg. 2006;22:824-826.]
Le quartier Anglo ou les contrechamps d’un paysage patrimonial
Authors: Epstein Ariela 
Published: December 2018

Cet article s’intéresse à une ancienne enclave ouvrière uruguayenne : avant-garde du développement industriel national durant plus d’un siècle, l’usine Anglo del Uruguay ferme en 1979. Bien plus tard, le site, incluant la zone de production comme la compagny town, est réinvesti pour ses atouts patrimoniaux et touristiques et devient, en 2015, patrimoine mondial de l’humanité de l’Unesco. L’article interroge différents régimes d’historicité, construisant plusieurs communautés d’expériences, à l’œuvre dans le quartier actuel. Son ethnographie amène en effet à « reprendre » l’histoire du quartier, à partir de la dictature militaire qui correspond, juste après la fermeture de l’usine, à l’expulsion de presque tous les habitants du quartier Anglo. La non-écriture de cette partie de l’histoire semble induire, ou maintenir, un « trouble » perceptible chez une partie des habitants, que l’auteur chercher à cerner. Ce qui entre ou n’entre pas dans l’ordre du patrimoine étant délimité par la ligne qui sépare les discours légitimes des autres, les récits du passé cristallisent un ensemble de problématiques politiques qui peinent à se faire entendre comme telles. Posant un regard pragmatique sur le processus de labélisation en cours, il s’agit d’interroger un conflit toujours présent, bien que latent, autour du droit à la ville.
La mise en récit(s) de la photographie en France
Authors: Lavie Juliette 
Published: December 2018

Quelle histoire de la photographie les photographes ont-ils écrite ? Cet article appréhende cette question à partir de quelques exemples français (Emmanuel Sougez, Daniel Masclet, Marcel Bovis, André Vigneau) qui ont tout autant produit des récits techniques sur la photographie, dont les premiers modèles datent du xixe siècle, que proposé des écrits intégrant les modèles issus de l’histoire de l’art : histoire des artistes, histoire des styles, histoire biologique du photographique pensée en termes d’origine, de croissance, de décadence, de renaissance. Si ces photographes actifs entre les années 1930 et 1970 ont maintenu les vieilles traditions d’écriture qui, pour certaines, remontent à Johann Joachim Winckelmann, ils ont également su s’en émanciper et transmettre leurs regards spécifiques de praticiens à la nouvelle génération composée par Jean-Pierre Sudre, Jean-Claude Gautrand, Claude Nori. Véritable entrée dans les années 1930-1970, ce texte montre que ces acteurs français de l’historiographie ont toujours abordé l’histoire en photographe et non la photographie en historien et que, tout au plus, ils se sont considérés comme des témoins et des fabricateurs de récit(s) qui pouvaient donner à voir, à lire et à entendre l’histoire sous l’angle de ceux qui la fabriquent. Cet article porte en définitive sur un territoire : l’histoire qui reste à conquérir ; un territoire en pleine mutation, où la mémoire compose, avec l’image, les récits de la photographie des photographes.
De l’autoportrait de la « dame en rose » aux calligraphes anonymes
Authors: Guillaume-Pey Cécile 
Published: December 2018

En Inde, on assiste au passage à l’art et à la mise en patrimoine de nombreuses formes expressives produites par des groupes tribaux (Adivasi). Cet article porte sur les modalités de production et de réception de diverses formes d’« art tribal » à partir d’enquêtes menées dans trois musées de Bhopal, capitale de l’État du Madhya Pradesh, au centre de l’Inde, qui constitue un haut lieu de déploiement de l’art tribal indien depuis les années 1980. Derrière les formes esthétiques labellisées « art tribal » se profilent un ensemble de pratiques essentiellement visuelles, hétérogènes du point de vue de leur histoire respective et, plus particulièrement, de leur ancrage dans des pratiques villageoises. Si les premiers chercheurs qui se sont intéressés à ces dernières – et qui ont largement contribué à façonner la catégorie d’« art tribal » en contexte indien et à le rendre populaire à l’étranger – ont mis en avant leur association au registre religieux, les formes artistiques qui se déploient dans les musées de Bhopal ces trente dernières années ne s’inscrivent pas toujours en continuité avec des pratiques exécutées en contexte rituel à l’échelle du village. Ces nouveaux genres visuels, créés au musée ou sous l’impulsion de ses représentants, connaissent aujourd’hui des destins contrastés.
An emic science of climate. Reindeer Evenki environmental knowledge and the notion of an “extreme process”
Authors: Lavrillier Alexandra , Gabyshev Semen 
Published: December 2018

Cet article, co-écrit par Lavrillier (anthropologue) et Gabyshev (éleveur de rennes et co-chercheur) se base sur leur matériaux de terrain qui documentent et analysent le système complexe de savoirs écologiques. Ayant discuté leur méthodologie d’observatoire transdisciplinaire installé chez une communauté évenk pour le monitoring, avec les éleveurs, des changements climatiques et environnementaux, l’article dévoile certains résultats de cette co-production des savoirs. L’article présente la science émique du climat (ses typologies et concepts) que les Évenks utilisent pour comprendre normes et anomalies, pour observer et prédire les changements et pour s’adapter. Les auteurs développent la notion de « processus extrême » comme étant plus représentative de la manière dont les nomades font face au changement climatique, que « évènement extrême » (utilisée usuellement). Analysant plusieurs cas d’études, ils définissent cette notion comme une accumulation d’anomalies climatiques de différentes origines, et parfois d’autres dysfonctionnements de l’environnement. Quand des facteurs extérieurs (économiques, politiques, industriels) s’ajoutent, cela devient un « processus extrême hybride », qui, lui, questionne sérieusement la résilience de cette société nomade.
An exploration of a Tibetan lama’s study of the Pythagorean theorem in the mid-18th century
Authors: Yongdan Lobsang 
Published: December 2018

Bien que les civilisations anciennes comme l'Inde et la Chine aient eu leurs propres façons de mesurer les triangles à angle droit, une méthode particulière attribuée au mathématicien grec Pythagore (570-495 av. J.-C.) fut introduite en Chine au xvie siècle par le jésuite européen Matteo Ricci (1552-1610). Au xviiie siècle, lorsque les Tibétains commencèrent à s'intéresser à l’astronomie, à la géographie et à la médicine européennes, la géométrie euclidienne fut l'une des idées mathématiques apportées au Tibet. Cet article décrit comment le savant tibétain Akya Lobzang Tenpai Gyaltsen (1708-1768) étudia le théorème de Pythagore à Pékin et le diffusa au Tibet, deux siècles avant la date d’introduction de la science européenne au Tibet généralement donnée par les spécialistes.
Induction of the BIM Short Splice Variant Sensitizes Proliferating NK Cells to IL-15 Withdrawal
Authors: Jacobs Benedikt , Pfefferle Aline , Clement Dennis , Berg-Larsen Axel , Saetersmoen Michelle L. , Lorenz Susanne , Wiiger Merete Thune , Goodridge Jodie P. , Malmberg Karl-Johan 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Adoptive transfer of allogeneic NK cells holds great promise for cancer immunotherapy. There is a variety of protocols to expand NK cells in vitro, most of which are based on stimulation with cytokines alone or in combination with feeder cells. Although IL-15 is essential for NK cell homeostasis in vivo, it is commonly used at supraphysiological levels to induce NK cell proliferation in vitro. As a result, adoptive transfer of such IL-15–addicted NK cells is associated with cellular stress because of sudden cytokine withdrawal. In this article, we describe a dose-dependent addiction to IL-15 during in vitro expansion of human NK cells, leading to caspase-3 activation and profound cell death upon IL-15 withdrawal. NK cell addiction to IL-15 was tightly linked to the BCL-2/BIM ratio, which rapidly dropped during IL-15 withdrawal. Furthermore, we observed a proliferation-dependent induction of BIM short, a highly proapoptotic splice variant of BIM in IL-15–activated NK cells. These findings shed new light on the molecular mechanisms involved in NK cell apoptosis following cytokine withdrawal and may guide future NK cell priming strategies in a cell therapy setting.
Histochemistry as a versatile research toolkit in biological research, not only an applied discipline in pathology
Authors: Pellicciari Carlo 
Published: December 2018

The impressive progress of histochemistry over the last 50 years has led to setting up specific and sensitive techniques to describe dynamic events, through the detection of specific molecules in the very place where they exist in live cells. The scientific field where histochemistry has most largely been applied is histopathology, with the aim to identify disease-specific molecular markers or to elucidate the etiopathological mechanisms. Numerous authors did however apply histochemistry to a variety of other research fields; their interests range from the microanatomy of animal and plant organisms to the cellular mechanisms of life. This is especially apparent browsing the contents of the histochemical journals where the articles on subjects other than pathology are the majority; these journals still keep a pivotal role in the field of cell and tissue biology, while being a forum for a diverse range of biologists whose scientific interests expand the research horizon of histochemistry to ever novel subjects. Thus, histochemistry can always receive inspiring stimuli toward a continuous methodological refinement.
Variability of depolarization of aerosol particles in the megacity of Beijing: implications for the interaction between anthropogenic pollutants and mineral dust particles
Authors: Tian Yu , Pan Xiaole , Nishizawa Tomoaki , Kobayashi Hiroshi , Uno Itsushi , Wang Xiquan , Shimizu Atsushi , Wang Zifa 
Published: December 2018

Abstract. East Asia is suffering from severe air pollution problems due to intensive
anthropogenic emissions and natural mineral dust aerosols. During transport,
the aerosol particles undergo complex mixing processes, resulting in great
impacts on regional air quality, human health and climate. In this study, we
conducted a long-term observation using an optical particle counter equipped
with a polarization detection module (POPC) at an urban site in Beijing. Mass
concentrations of both PM2.5 and PM10 estimated from POPC compared
well with ground-based measurements. The results revealed that the observed
depolarization ratio (δ, termed as the ratio of the intensity of the
s-polarized signal to the intensity of the 120∘ backward scattering
signal [s/(s+p)]) for aerosol particles in the fine mode was generally
much lower in summer than that in spring as a result of predominance of
different aerosol types. Mineral dust particles in the coarse mode normally
had a large δ value (0.3±0.05) owing to their nonspherical
shape; however, particles in the fine mode mostly had water-soluble
compositions, which led to an apparent decrease of their δ values in
particular high relative humidity (RH) conditions. Because the observation
site was subject to the impact of frequent dust events in spring, the
δ value of particle at 1 µm was almost twice as high as that
(0.07±0.01) in summer. Based on size-resolved δ values,
anthropogenic pollutants, mineral dust and polluted mineral dust particles
and their contribution to local air quality could be well distinguished.
About 26.7 % of substandard days (daily averaged PM2.5 concentration
larger than 75 µg m−3) in Beijing featured high atmospheric
loading of coarse-mode particles in winter and springtime. In
particular, during severe pollution episodes in winter, the δ values
of coarse-mode particles decreased by 13 %, which implies a high
possibility of dust-related heterogeneous processes in pollution formation.
During dust events, δ values of
particles with optical size (Dp) of 5 µm evidently decreased, with an increase
of the PM2.5 ∕ PM10 ratio as well as RH, indicating the
morphological changes of mineral dust. This study confirmed that high RH
tends to promote water absorption processes on the dust surface as well as
the coating of soluble compounds, and suggested that remote sensing techniques for aerosols may
underestimate the impact of dust particles due to the complex mixing of dust and anthropogenic
particles in urban areas, and the interaction between
dust particles and pollutants should be considered well by the optical model.
The effect of vertical mixing on the horizontal drift of oil spills
Authors: Röhrs Johannes , Dagestad Knut-Frode , Asbjørnsen Helene , Nordam Tor , Skancke Jørgen , Jones Cathleen E. , Brekke Camilla 
Published: December 2018

Abstract. Vertical and horizontal transport mechanisms for marine oil spills
are investigated using numerical model simulations. To realistically resolve
the 3-D development of a spill on the ocean surface and in the water column,
recently published parameterizations for the vertical mixing of oil spills
are implemented in the open-source trajectory framework OpenDrift
(https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1300358, last access: 7 April 2018). The parameterizations include the
wave entrainment of oil, two alternative formulations for the droplet size
spectra, and turbulent mixing. The performance of the integrated oil spill
model is evaluated by comparing model simulations with airborne observations
of an oil slick. The results show that an accurate description of a chain of
physical processes, in particular vertical mixing and oil weathering, is
needed to represent the horizontal spreading of the oil spill. Using
ensembles of simulations of hypothetic oil spills, the general drift behavior
of an oil spill during the first 10 days after initial spillage is evaluated
in relation to how vertical processes control the horizontal transport.
Transport of oil between the surface slick and the water column is identified
as a crucial component affecting the horizontal transport of oil spills. The
vertical processes are shown to control differences in the drift of various
types of oil and in various weather conditions.
Introduction: Ecocriticism and Ecocivilization in the Confucian Cultural Environment
Authors: Wang Ning 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
In this introductory essay on the special issue “Ecocriticism in East Asia,” the author first offers a critical introduction and commentary on various essays included in this issue. And then, the author wants to argue that the issue of ecological and environmental problems is very relevant to our life in the present era, especially in China as well as in other East Asian countries or regions where economy has been developing by leaps and bounds during the past decades. On the other hand, environmental problems have also occurred in different countries or regions in East Asia. As literary scholars, what we should do is to find some ecological wisdom from ancient Asian philosophy, especially the Confucian and Daoist doctrines which are full of ecological resources. The articles in this issue do not merely offer their authors' critiques of the destruction of nature and environment in this area, but rather, they also try to provide some possible solutions although their proposals would not necessarily be adopted by the decision maker.
Re-interpreting Dao De Jing from an Ecological Perspective
Authors: Wang Jinghui 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Dao De Jing contains the essence of Chinese philosophy and to study Dao De Jing from an ecological perspective in this article is to trace the ecological elements in this ancient Chinese philosophical work and its manifestation in literature east and west, past and present. This article examines how the principle of the harmony (unity) between nature and human beings is embedded in both this canonical book and the other Confucian classics—its pre- and after-life in the Four Books and Five Classics, especially the Book of Changes. Through analyzing the three sorts of harmony: between human beings and nature, between yin and yang, and between various obstacles, the article argues that the ecological concept in the book not only has had a deep impact on ancient Chinese people's life, but also is of contemporary relevance. It offers a sustainable proposal for the future development of the postmodern community, no matter it is with human fellow mates or with the natural environment. And that proposal is being water metaphorically speaking.
The Narrative Power of the Black Maternal Body: Resisting and Exceeding Visual Economies of Discipline in Margaret Walker'sJubilee
Authors: Wolfe Andrea 
Published: December 2018

AbstractAs theorist Robyn Wiegman has established, specular, and panoptic disciplinary measures together served to maintain hegemonic systems of power in American slavery, the Reconstruction period, and the era of segregation. Specular discipline is characterized by public scenes of torture, which discourage acts of opposition to the dominant power structure, while panoptic discipline uses constant surveillance, both real and imagined, to cause subjects to internalize the order of the discipline. In this article, I argue that Jubilee investigates and resists the visual control of the black maternal body in US slavery and Reconstruction, as these periods are depicted in the novel, as well as in the Civil Rights era contemporary to its publication. I focus on the changing narrative significance of the black maternal body in Jubilee as the protagonist carves out space within a disciplinary system of ocular control to claim ownership of her black maternal body and tell her story. I claim that the novel positions the black mother as uniquely able to subvert the narrative power enforced by the gaze throughout the past several centuries and counters stereotypical discourses about black women with an account of the strength and survival of the black female body.