bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Comprehensive Catalog of Galactic Eclipsing Binary Stars with Eccentric Orbits Based on Eclipse Timing Diagrams
Authors: Kim C.-H. , Kreiner J. M. , Zakrzewski B. , Ogłoza W. , Kim H.-W. , Jeong M.-J. 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
A comprehensive catalog of 623 galactic eclipsing binary (EB) systems with eccentric orbits is presented with more than 2830 times of minima determined from the archived photometric data by various sky-survey projects and new photometric measurements. The systems are divided into two groups according to whether the individual system has a GCVS name or not. All the systems in both groups are further classified into three categories (D, A, and A+III) on the basis of their eclipse timing diagrams: 453 D systems showing just constantly displaced secondary minima, 139 A systems displaying only apsidal motion (AM), and 31 A+III systems exhibiting both AM and light-time effects. AM parameters for 170 systems (A and A+III systems) are consistently calculated and cataloged with basic information for all systems. Some important statistics for the AM parameters are discussed and compared with those derived for the eccentric EB systems in the Large and Small Magellanic Clouds.
On the Jet Properties of γ-Ray-loud Active Galactic Nuclei
Authors: Chen Liang 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Based on broadband spectral energy distributions (SEDs), we estimate the jet physical parameters of 1392 γ-ray-loud active galactic nuclei (AGNs), the largest sample so far. The (SED) jet power and magnetization parameter are derived for these AGNs. Out of these sources, the accretion disk luminosity of 232 sources and (extended) kinetic jet powers of 159 sources are compiled from archived papers. We find the following. (1) Flat-spectrum radio quasars (FSRQs) and BL Lacs are well separated by

in the γ-ray luminosity versus photon index plane with a success rate of 88.6%. (2) Most FSRQs present a (SED) jet power larger than the accretion power, which suggests that the relativistic jet-launching mechanism is dominated by the Blandford–Znajek process. This result confirms previous findings. (3) There is a significant anticorrelation between jet magnetization and a ratio of the (SED) jet power to the (extended) kinetic jet power, which, for the first time, provides supporting evidence for the jet energy transportation theory: a high-magnetization jet may more easily transport energy to a large scale than a low-magnetization jet.
Species conservation profile of moths (Insecta, Lepidoptera) from Azores, Portugal
Authors: Borges Paulo , Pérez Santa-Rita Jose , Nunes Rui , Danielczak Anja , Hochkirch Axel , Amorim Isabel , Lamelas-Lopez Lucas , Karsholt Ole , Vieira Virgílio 
Published: April 2018

The few remnants of Azorean native forests harbour a unique set of endemic moths (Insecta, Lepidoptera), some of them under severe long term threats due to small sized habitats or climatic changes. In this contribution, we present the IUCN Red List profiles of 34 endemic moths to the Azorean archipelago, including species belonging to two diverse families: Noctuidae (11 species) and Crambidae (eight species). The objective of this paper is to assess all endemic Azorean moth species and advise on possible future research and conservation actions critical for the long-trem survival of the most endangered species.
Most species have a large distribution (i.e. 58% occur in at least four islands), very large extent of occurrence (EOO) and a relatively large area of occupancy (AOO). Only nine species are single-island endemics, three of them from Flores, three from São Miguel and one from Pico, São Jorge and Faial. Most of the species also experience continuing decline in habitat quality, number of locations and subpopulations caused by the ongoing threat from pasture intensification, forestry, invasive plant species and future climatic changes. The lack of new records may indicate that one of the species previously named is extinct (Eupithecia ogilviata). Therefore, we suggest as future conservation actions: (1) a long-term species monitoring plan and (2) control of invasive species.
Assessing fiscal sustainability in Swaziland
Authors: Nxumalo Welcome N. , Hlophe Nomvuyo F. 
Published: April 2018

Background: Understanding and assessing fiscal sustainability is essential in ensuring financial and macro-economic stability. Fiscal sustainability has emerged as an important subject for Swaziland given the increasingly volatile government revenues especially those coming through the South African Customs Union (SACU), which threw the country into a severe fiscal crisis between 2010 and 2012, as well as the pressures on increased government spending in the post-fiscal crisis era. Aim: This article primarily focuses on studying whether Swaziland’s fiscal policy remains on a sustainable path or whether corrective measures would be required. Setting: Study focuses on Swaziland, a small open economy that is vulnerable to external shocks. The country also relies heavily on South African Customs Union (SACU) revenues. Methods: The study employs a broad approach to assessing fiscal sustainability in Swaziland covering both deterministic and stochastic analysis. On the deterministic analysis, the article studies the evolution of debt given macro-economic variables and further estimates fiscal sustainability indicators such as the primary gap and tax-gap. From a stochastic analysis, the article uses the Trehan and Walsh Methodology as well as Hakkio and Rush Methodology. Results: Fiscal sustainability indicators reflected that the country is on an unsustainable path with a primary gap and tax-gap of about 7% of gross domestic product (GDP) that has to be corrected. The econometric results also portray an evidence of ‘weak-form’ sustainability in the long-run. This is because public expenditures are rising at a faster pace than revenues thereby rendering government deficits unsustainable in the medium term. The econometric results also suggest a tax-spend hypothesis in the long-run, while short-run developments point to a spend-tax hypothesis. In both instances the correction measure is cutting expenditure, mainly recurrent expenditure. Conclusion: The study recommends corrective measures (mainly cuts in government expenditure) for fiscal policy to be brought back into a sustainable path without which a fiscal crisis is imminent. The recommendations are mainly based on the fiscal sustainability indicators as they are more forward looking for the short to medium term. The article suggests fiscal rules based on these indicators.
On application of asymmetric Kan-like exact equilibria to the Earth magnetotail modeling
Authors: Korovinskiy Daniil B. , Kubyshkina Darya I. , Semenov Vladimir S. , Kubyshkina Marina V. , Erkaev Nikolai V. , Kiehas Stefan A. 
Published: April 2018

Abstract. A specific class of solutions of the Vlasov–Maxwell equations, developed by means of generalization of the well-known Harris–Fadeev–Kan–Manankova family of exact two-dimensional equilibria, is studied. The examined model reproduces the current sheet bending and shifting in the vertical plane, arising from the Earth dipole tilting and the solar wind nonradial propagation. The generalized model allows magnetic configurations with equatorial magnetic fields decreasing in a tailward direction as slow as 1∕x, contrary to the original Kan model (1∕x3); magnetic configurations with a single X point are also available. The analytical solution is compared with the empirical T96 model in terms of the magnetic flux tube volume. It is found that parameters of the analytical model may be adjusted to fit a wide range of averaged magnetotail configurations. The best agreement between analytical and empirical models is obtained for the midtail at distances beyond 10–15 RE at high levels of magnetospheric activity. The essential model parameters (current sheet scale, current density) are compared to Cluster data of magnetotail crossings. The best match of parameters is found for single-peaked current sheets with medium values of number density, proton temperature and drift velocity.
Determination of Cobalamin and Related Compounds in Foods
Authors: Watanabe Fumio , Bito Tomohiro 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Cobalamin, also known as the red-colored vitamin B12, is found in animal-based foods such as meat, milk, and fish. Various cobalamin compounds are extracted from foods and converted into cyanocobalamin, which is most stable, to be analyzed by various methods. Traditionally, the cobalamin content of foods is determined by microbiological assay with Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. lactis American Type Culture Collection 7830. However, this lactic acid bacterium can substitute deoxyribosides or deoxynucleotides (known as an alkali-resistant factor) for cobalamin. Therefore, cobalamin contents determined by this microbiological assay are often incorrect in some foods. The difficulty of evaluating whether certain foods contain cobalamin or inactive corrinoids (or both) may be easily resolved by the use of bioautography with a cobalamin-dependent Escherichia coli after separation of the sample by silica gel TLC. LC/electrospray ionization–tandem mass spectrometry is also used to analyze corrinoid compounds, and various inactive corrinoid compounds have been identified in foods.
GLASS FORMATION IN TERNARY SYSTEM La2O3–As2S3–Pr6O11
Authors: Bakhtiyarly Ikhtiyarly B. , Fatullayeva Gulnar M. , Kerimli Orudg Sh. 
Published: April 2018

Boundaries of glass formation in ternary system La2O3-As2S3-Pr6O11 were studied using methods of physical-chemical analysis (DTA, DTG, X-ray analysis, MSA). It was established that in glass formation region the range of concentration covers from As2S3-La2O3 15 mol%, but from As2S3-Pr6O11 it is 13 mol%. To our opinion the decrease in glass formation region of Pr6O11 comparing to La2O3 is related to crystalline structure of oxide, i.e. to the change in coordination number of lanthanides. Because properties of compounds of lanthanide are more sensitive to the change in coordination numbers relative to radii of ion. In the system the region of transparent glass formation is limited with the region of non-transparent one. The reason of non-transparency of a glass is the formation of primary centers of crystallization, which was confirmed by the results of X-ray analysis and SEM. Raman spectra of transparent glass containing(La2O3)0.07(As2S3)0.90(Pr6O11)0.03 were studied. Intensity of bands which characterize the bonds of As–S, La–O, Pr–O in Raman spectrum and shift of energy of waves in the big party are related to the strengthening of bonds and probably, appearance of new bonds in glasses. When heating glasses of the composition (La2O3)0.07(As2S3)0.90(Pr6O11)0.03 in inert atmosphere (He) at 224,61 °С it softens which is followed by endoeffects. Observed exoeffect at 315,80 °С satisfies crystallization of glass, but at 380,80 °С thermal decomposition begins. Samples in the region of glass formation are stable at 300 K to air, water and organic solvents. When heated, glasses are dissolved in chromic mixture. They decompose in mineral acids and alkalies.Forcitation:Bakhtiyarly I.B., Fatullayeva G.M., Kerimli O.Sh. Glass formation in ternary system La2O3–As2S3–Pr6O11. Izv. Vyssh. Uchebn. Zaved. Khim. Khim. Tekhnol. 2018. V. 61. N 4-5. P. 43-48
Mortality, Criminal Sanctions, and Court Diversion in People With Psychosis
Authors: Spike Erin , Srasuebkul Preeyaporn , Butler Tony , Trollor Julian , Jones Jocelyn , Cripps Kyllie , Sara Grant , Grant Luke , Allnutt Stephen , Greenberg David , Schofield Peter W. , Adily Armita , Chowdhury Nabila Zohora , Kariminia Azar 
Published: October 2024

ImportancePeople living with psychosis experience excess premature mortality and are overrepresented in criminal legal systems, but little is known about mortality associated with criminal sanctions or diversion in this population.ObjectiveTo examine associations of different types of recent (past 2 years) criminal sanction, including court diversion, with mortality among people with psychosis.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis population-based, retrospective, data-linkage cohort study was conducted using 6 routinely collected administrative data collections from New South Wales, Australia, relating to health, court proceedings, imprisonment, and mortality. Participants (adults aged ≥18 years hospitalized for psychotic disorders) entered observation at the time of discharge from their first psychosis-related hospital admission (or their 18th birthday if aged &amp;lt;18 years) between July 2001 and November 2017 and were followed-up until May 2019. Data were analyzed between February 2023 and April 2024.ExposuresRecent (past 2 years) criminal sanction type, a time-varying variable with 5 categories: no recent criminal sanction, recent mental health court diversion, recent community sanction, current imprisonment, and recent prior imprisonment (ie, recent prison release).Main Outcomes and MeasuresCauses of death were described, and age- and sex-specific mortality rates by recent criminal sanction type were calculated. In those younger than 65 years, Cox regression was used to examine associations of all-cause and external-cause mortality with recent criminal sanction type, adjusting for sociodemographic, health-related, and offense-related confounders.ResultsThe cohort included 83 071 persons (35 791 female [43.1%]; 21 208 aged 25-34 years [25.5%]; median [IQR] follow-up, 9.5 [4.8-14.2] years), of whom 25 824 (31.1%) received a criminal sanction. There were 11 355 deaths. In those aged younger than 65 years, recent mental health court diversion, community sanctions, and prior imprisonment were associated with increased hazards of all-cause and external-cause mortality compared with no recent sanction, with the largest adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) observed for recent prior imprisonment (all-cause mortality: aHR, 1.69; 95% CI, 1.50-1.91; external-cause mortality: aHR, 2.64; 95% CI, 2.27-3.06).Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cohort study of people with psychosis, recent criminal sanctions were associated with increased mortality irrespective of sanction type. These findings suggest that future research should develop strategies to improve health and safety in people with psychosis who have criminal legal system contact.
Tocolysis and Neurodevelopment of Children Born Very Preterm
Authors: Plouchart Thibault , Sabatier Thibaut , Muller Jean-Baptiste , Pinto Cardoso Gaëlle , Sentilhes Loïc , Bénichou Jacques , Marret Stéphane 
Published: October 2024

ImportanceNeurodevelopmental outcomes of very preterm children exposed to tocolytics are not well described.ObjectiveTo investigate whether tocolysis administered after spontaneous preterm labor is associated with neurodevelopmental outcomes at 5.5 years and to assess whether the type of tocolytic drug is associated with neurodevelopmental outcomes among infants exposed.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis prospective, national, population-based cohort study used data from the French Etude Épidémiologique sur les Petits Âges Gestationnels–2 cohort. Children who were alive and participated in an assessment at 5.5 years and whose mothers experienced spontaneous preterm labor without an infectious context and delivered at 24 to 31 weeks were eligible for this study. Recruitment occurred from March to December 2011. Follow-up at age 5.5 years was conducted from September 2016 to December 2017. Data analysis was performed from July 2023 through April 2024.ExposuresThe primary analysis examined tocolytics (yes vs no), and the secondary analysis examined the type of tocolytic (atosiban vs calcium channel blockers [CCBs]).Main Outcome and MeasureThe composite outcome neurodevelopmental disabilities included cerebral palsy; visual, hearing, and cognitive deficiencies; developmental coordination disorders; or behavioral problems.ResultsA total of 1055 mothers (mean [SD] age, 29.2 [5.7] years) had preterm labor without fever and gave birth to 1320 children (704 male [weighted percentage, 53.3%; 95% CI, 50.6%-56.1%]; mean [SD] gestational age, 28.8 [2.0] weeks). Overall, 776 mothers (weighted percentage, 73.5%; 95% CI, 70.8%-76.2%) received tocolytics; 136 mothers (weighted percentage, 17.9%; 95% CI, 15.3%-20.8%) received only a CCB, and 295 mothers (weighted percentage, 37.6%; 95% CI, 34.2%-41.0%) received only atosiban. From modified Poisson regression with propensity score matching, the risk of overall neurodevelopmental disabilities (mild, moderate, or severe) at 5.5 years did not differ between preterm children exposed and not exposed to tocolytics (relative risk [RR], 1.11; 95% CI, 0.85-1.45; P = .44) or in preterm infants exposed to atosiban compared with those exposed to CCBs (RR, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.67-1.32; P = .71).Conclusions and RelevanceIn this study, tocolytics were not associated with neurodevelopmental disabilities among very preterm children surviving at 5.5 years.
A Novel Approach to Produce Metal–Metal Composites by Leveraging Immiscibility: Laser Powder Bed Fusion of Nanosilver‐Dispersed Titanium
Authors: Shokri Hamed , Rittinghaus Silja‐Katharina , Schmelzer Janett , Bertrand Jessica , Gökce Bilal 
Published: October 2024

The antimicrobial properties of silver ions are well known and effectively utilized in various biomedical applications. The efficacy of silver‐containing materials, particularly in terms of antimicrobial activity, heavily relies on the oxidizing surface, favoring nanosized silver features. However, producing such structures is challenging due to the high probability of miscibility in the liquid phase. Developing Ti–Ag composite alloys using the laser powder bed fusion technique with supported titanium powders and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) represents a novel research pursuit, with no prior investigations reported. Incorporating AgNPs into titanium forms nanoislands, directly enhancing the antimicrobial efficacy of biomedical components. In this study, it is aimed to explore the solubility limit of silver in titanium and the feasibility of achieving finely dispersed silver islands. Experimental findings reveal that incorporating AgNPs into Ti‐based alloys results in discrete silver islands (0.01–0.02 μm2) within the microstructure, governed by the solubility limit of silver in titanium. In this study, valuable insights into producing components with augmented biocompatibility and proven antibacterial properties against Staphylococci infections are offered. The successful development of Ti–Ag composite alloys, featuring finely dispersed silver islands, opens promising avenues for biomedical applications, enhancing their antibacterial characteristics and improving patient outcomes.
Perovskite Solar Cells: Challenges Facing Polymeric Hole Selective Materials in p–i–n Configuration
Authors: Ganesan Paramaguru , Nazeeruddin Mohammad Khaja , Gao Peng 
Published: October 2024

AbstractPolymeric hole‐selective materials (P‐HSMs) offer advantages like solution processability, tunable energy levels, and improved mechanical stability, making them suitable for large‐scale and flexible substrates. Poly[bis(4‐phenyl) (2,4,6‐trimethylphenyl) amine] (PTAA) based p–i–n perovskite solar cells exhibit promising power conversion efficiency (PCE), but wettability, dopant, and cost challenges necessitate the development of advanced next‐generation P‐HSMs. To provide a clear understanding of the structural property with photovoltaic performance, this review classifies such newly developed P‐HSMs into five distinct structural categories. Specifically, this review discusses the current status, advancements, challenges, and prospects in structural design and synthetic variations, focusing on enhancing photovoltaic performance, wettability, mitigating surface defects, and stability. Notably, incorporating polar units into P‐HSMs enhances wettability and mitigates ion instabilities and uncoordinated lead defects. Promising structural designs like polymeric self‐assembled monolayers and in situ polymerized hole‐selective materials are examined. Despite performance advancements, emerging, P‐HSMs face significant challenges such as limited thermal stress analysis (55–85 °C) and scalability restricted to small‐scale devices. To bridge this gap, this review emphasizes the urgent need for prioritizing thermal stability testing and large‐scale device fabrication in future research, paving the way for commercial viability of P‐HSMs in p–i–n perovskite photovoltaics.
A Flatworm‐Like Hydrogel with Surface Double‐Network Structure for Re‐Programmable Multimode Actuations
Authors: Sun Yue , Chen Lin , Zeng Zehao , Wang Tianle , Zhang Kaihang , Sun Ye , Yang Lang , Feng Xueliang , Sun Qiankun , Ma Chunxin , Xiao Shengwei , Liu Zhenzhong , Liu Jun , Yang Xuxu 
Published: October 2024

AbstractProgrammable stimuli‐responsive hydrogels have rapidly developed for various complex biomimetic actuations, but they commonly can only be programmed once. Herein, a flatworm‐like hydrogel (FLH) with bi‐surface double‐network structure (photothermal‐responsive FLH‐1 and pH‐responsive FLH‐2) has been explored, through UV‐polymerizing sodium poly(methylacrylic‐acid) (PMAA‐Na) and poly (N‐isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) second‐networks on two surfaces of polyacrylamide‐graphene (PAAm‐G) substrate hydrogel first‐network respectively. First, the graphene can both control the thickness of the UV‐polymerized surface second‐network and endow the FLH with high‐efficient photothermal conversion for near‐infrared light (NIR)‐responsive actuation. More importantly, different from common pH‐/photothermal bi‐responsive actuating hydrogels, one FLH can be designed as various original shapes by pH‐responsive FLH‐2, for reprogrammable NIR‐responsive multimode complex actuations via FLH‐1. Finally, the FLH‐1 and FLH‐2 can be strongly integrated together by the interpenetrating structure of flatworm‐like structure between second‐network and first‐network, to endow the FLH with excellent stability for enduring complex deformations. Consequently, the synergy of re‐programmable original shapes via FLH‐2 and NIR‐responsive actuation by FLH‐1, can endow one FLH with multimode actuations for high‐level biomimetic devices. This work can provide a general method by non‐touching design of re‐programmable hydrogel with two stimuli‐responsive layers for multimode complex actuations, which also will inspire explorations of other reprogrammable intelligent materials.
TLR Agonist Nano Immune Therapy Clears Peritoneal and Systemic Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Marwedel Ben , De May Henning , Anderson Lauren , Medina Lorél Y. , Kennedy Ellie , Flores Erica , O'Rourke John , Olewine Marian , Lagutina Irina , Fitzpatrick Lillian , Shultz Fred , Kusewitt Donna F. , Bartee Eric , Adams Sarah , Noureddine Achraf , Serda Rita E. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIntraperitoneal (IP) administration of immunogenic mesoporous silica nanoparticles (iMSN) in a mouse model of metastatic ovarian cancer promotes the development of tumor‐specific CD8+ T cells and protective immunity. IP delivery of iMSN functionalized with the Toll‐like receptor (TLR) agonists polyethyleneimine (PEI), CpG oligonucleotide, and monophosphoryl lipid A (MPLA) stimulated rapid uptake by all peritoneal myeloid subsets. Myeloid cells quickly transported iMSN to milky spots and fat‐associated lymphoid clusters (FALCs) present in tumor‐burdened adipose tissues, leading to a reduction in suppressive T cells and an increase in activated memory T cells. Two doses of iMSN cleared or reduced ovarian and colorectal cancer and protected against future tumor engraftment. In contrast, subcutaneous (SC) and intravenous (IV) delivery of iMSN were without therapeutic effect in mice with peritoneal metastases, supporting the need for activation of regional immune cells. Remarkably, intraperitoneal delivery of iMSN cleared subcutaneously implanted ovarian cancer, supporting homing of antigen specific T cells to extraperitoneal tumor sites.