bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Novel Approach for Controlling the Band Formation in Medium Mn Steels
Authors: Farahani H. , Xu W. , van der Zwaag S. 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
Formation of the microstructural ferrite/pearlite bands in medium Mn steels is an undesirable phenomenon commonly addressed through fast cooling treatments. In this study, a novel approach using the cyclic partial phase transformation concept is applied successfully to prevent microstructural band formation in a micro-chemically banded Fe-C-Mn-Si steel. The effectiveness of the new approach is assessed using the ASTM E1268-01 standard. The cyclic intercritical treatments lead to formation of isotropic microstructures even for cooling rates far below the critical one determined in conventional continuous cooling. In contrast, isothermal intercritical experiments have no effect on the critical cooling rate to suppress microstructural band formation. The origin of the suppression of band formation either by means of fast cooling or a cyclic partial phase transformation is investigated in detail. Theoretical modeling and microstructural observations confirm that band formation is suppressed only if the intercritical annealing treatment leads to partial reversion of the austenite-ferrite interfaces. The resulting interfacial Mn enrichment is responsible for suppression of the band formation upon final cooling at low cooling rates.
Communication mechanism of the discrete event simulation and the mechanical project softwares for manufacturing systems
Authors: Laurindo Quézia Manuela Gonçalves , Peixoto Túlio Almeida , Rangel João José de Assis 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
This paper presents an integration mechanism for online communication between a discrete event simulation (DES) software and a system dynamics (SD) software. The integration between them allowed executing a hybrid and broader simulation, in which the complexity of the systems and their multi-faceted relationships may demand the combination of different simulation methods and the synergies between the techniques. The Ururau free and open-source software (FOSS) was applied to implement the DES model. In order to build the dynamic model, we used the software for mechanical design called CAD 3D Software Inventor®. Besides, we also employed the DES model in the test step of a control system in real time. The results of that mechanism implementation enabled the evaluation of different aspects of a typical manufacturing system. Furthermore, the integration between the control system and the DES model allowed validating the logic of the programmable logic controller (PLC).
Highlights Mechanism for online communication between a discrete event simulation (DES) software and a system dynamics (SD) software. A free and open-source software (FOSS) was applied to implement the DES model. The results of that mechanism implementation enabled the evaluation of different aspects of a typical manufacturing system.
MODELLING INSURANCE LOSSES USING CONTAMINATED GENERALISED BETA TYPE-II DISTRIBUTION
Authors: Chan J.S.K. , Choy S.T.B. , Makov U.E. , Landsman Z. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe four-parameter distribution family, the generalised beta type-II (GB2), also known as the transformed beta distribution, has been proposed for modelling insurance losses. As special cases, this family nests many distributions with light and heavy tails, including the lognormal, gamma, Weibull, Burr and generalised gamma distributions. This paper extends the GB2 family to thecontaminatedGB2 family, which offers many flexible features, including bimodality and a wide range of skewness and kurtosis. Properties of the contaminated distribution are derived and evaluated in a simulation study and the suitability of the contaminated GB2 distribution for actuarial purposes is demonstrated through two real loss data sets. Analysis of tail quantiles for the data suggests large differences in extreme quantile estimates for different loss distribution assumptions, showing that the selection of appropriate distributions has a significant impact for insurance companies.
Plato on Virtuous Leadership: An Ancient Model for Modern Business
Authors: Bauman David C. 
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACT:The business ethics and leadership literature has paid little attention to the analysis of virtue in the Socratic dialogues, but Plato’s account of virtue and persuasion offer relevant insights for business leaders. In the Republic, Plato’s description of five types of leaders offers a new perspective on leadership selection and development using the moral psychology of both virtuous and non-virtuous leaders. In this article, I explain Plato’s account of virtue and knowledge, his three-part moral psychology, the four cardinal virtues that virtuous leaders develop, and his continuum of five leader types. I apply Plato’s model to leadership issues in today’s corporate world and explain how the model can guide leaders, board members, and investors.
Evaluating concurrent design approaches for a Delta parallel manipulator
Authors: Botello-Aceves Salvador , Valdez S. Ivvan , Becerra Héctor M. , Hernandez Eusebio 
Published: March 2018

SUMMARYThis paper addresses the problem of optimal mechanisms design, for the geometric structure and control parameters of mechanisms with complex kinematics, which is one of the most intricate problems in contemporary robot modeling. The problem is stated by means of task requirements and performance constraints, which are specified in terms of the end-effector's position and orientation to accomplish the task. Usually, this problem does not fulfill the characteristics needed to use gradient-based optimization algorithms. In order to circumvent this issue, we introduce case studies of optimization models using evolutionary algorithms (EAs), which deal with the concurrent optimization of both: structure and control parameters. We define and review several optimization models based on the workspace, task and dexterity requirements, such that they guarantee an adequate performance under a set of operating and joint constraints, for a Delta parallel manipulator. Then, we apply several methodologies that can approximate optimal designs. Additionally, we compare the EAs with a quasi-Newton method (the BFGS), in order to show that the last kind of methods is not capable of solving the problem if the initial point is not very close to a local optimum. The results provide directions about the best state-of-the-art EA for addressing different design problems.
Généalogie de l'Anthropocène: La fin du risque et des limites
Authors: Charbonnier Pierre 
Published: March 2018

RésuméCet article vise à éclairer l’émergence du concept d'Anthropocène dans les sciences sociales et la philosophie contemporaines. Il inscrit cette notion dans le contexte assez large d'une crise de ces savoirs, désormais confrontés à la nécessité de considérer le changement climatique global à la fois comme un socle empirique et comme un horizon politique incontournable. Cette réflexion repose sur une hypothèse : l'organisation des savoirs relatifs aux relations entre modernité et nature a été profondément bouleversée dans la dernière décennie, et les concepts sur lesquels reposaient ces savoirs, le risque et la limite, ont dû être réaménagés. En effet, concevoir le présent à travers le concept d'Anthropocène suppose que la rationalité du risque, c'est-à-dire la suspension de l'autonomie politique moderne, et l'idée d'une limitation fondamentale du développement matériel ne peuvent plus être dissociées. Cette hypothèse permet d'envisager la configuration épistémologique dans laquelle nous nous trouvons et d'en discuter quelques aspects.
L’écologie politique et la politique moderne
Authors: Karsenti Bruno 
Published: March 2018

RésuméL'exigence de politisation de l’écologie qui s'accuse toujours plus aujourd'hui suppose que l'on soit en mesure de conduire une critique de la politique moderne, reprise dans ses concepts fondamentaux et dans son histoire. Cette thèse, développée dans le dernier livre de Bruno Latour, Face à Gaïa, laisse ouverte la question de savoir quel type de critique est le mieux adapté à cette fin. Cet article se propose de la traiter en suivant les lignes argumentatives de l'ouvrage et la recomposition des rapports entre science, politique et religion à laquelle il procède. Constitutifs de l'expérience de la modernité, ces rapports apparaissent différemment selon la conception des collectifs que l'on privilégie et la façon dont on appréhende leur ancrage environnemental. À la différence de B. Latour, la thèse défendue ici considère que c'est dans le cadre des sociétés modernes, prises comme des collectifs foncièrement originaux et dotés d'une histoire déformée et méconnue par l'idéologie moderniste, que la conception de la justice proprement écologique doit nécessairement se formuler. L'enjeu de la critique requise en vue de la politisation de l’écologie est de déterminer autrement les acteurs impliqués dans la crise environnementale, en repartant des liens spécifiques que la modernité a noués entre les sociétés, des formes d'auto-compréhension que celles-ci sécrètent en se développant et des attentes de justice qui en résultent.
Le dépôt en foire au début de l’époque moderne: Transfert de crédit et financement du commerce
Authors: Matringe Nadia 
Published: March 2018

RésuméÀ partir des archives privées d'une banque marchande de premier plan au xvie siècle (la maison Salviati de Lyon), cet article apporte un éclairage sur un important instrument de financement du commerce au début de l’époque moderne : le dépôt en foire. Si l'histoire financière a souvent fait du dépôt bancaire et des activités des banques d'affaires des sujets d’étude distincts, cet article démontre qu'un type spécifique de dépôt bancaire a émergé au xvie siècle sur les places de foire, en lien étroit avec les activités de banque d'affaires et le commerce international. Il apparaît que le dépôt en foire, tel que révélé par l'analyse des livres de la maison Salviati, est tout à la fois un instrument de compensation et un instrument de crédit, et qu'il participe largement au financement des grands échanges commerciaux européens. Le crédit, issu principalement du commerce international et de la banque, s'y trouvait ainsi immédiatement réinjecté. Les investissements étaient stimulés par les nombreux avantages qu'offraient les foires de Lyon, notamment la licéité du prêt avec intérêt, les options d'investissement et les possibilités d'achats et de transferts rapides. Les prêts aux hommes d'affaires locaux et étrangers stimulaient le commerce des marchandises et, surtout, le change, en conférant à Lyon une position unique dans le système du commerce et des changes en Europe. Cette forme de dépôt bancaire était étroitement liée au développement des banques d'affaires qui travaillaient principalement sur commission et en tiraient des bénéfices substantiels, sans pour autant se spécialiser dans le dépôt ni même devenir des banques de dépôt.
Recommendations for the configuration of a cardiac catheterisation laboratory for the treatment of children with CHD
Authors: Krasemann Thomas , Berger Felix , Liuba Petru , Thomson John 
Published: March 2018

AbstractA modern catheter laboratory for the treatment of children with CHD should be in close proximity to the paediatric ICU, operating theatres, and imaging facilities. Space requirements and equipment for an up-to-date catheter laboratory are discussed. The document was endorsed by the council of the Association of European Paediatric and Congenital Cardiologists.
The Japanese House
Authors: Tozer Luke 
Published: March 2018

Western fascination with Japan and Japanese design is long established. The popularity of the recent exhibition The Japanese House: Architecture and Life After 1945 at London's Barbican illustrates that this fascination remains. This ‘blockbuster’ review of postwar domestic Japanese Architecture, supported by The Japan Foundation and previously hosted at MAXXI, National Museum of 21st Century Arts, Rome, responds to an enormous challenge: to try to account for the range and diversity of architectural approaches to domestic design within the broader contexts of traditional Japanese architecture and national life after 1945.The seven decades covered in the exhibition span postwar reconstruction, rapid economic expansion, bubble-era boom and bust, and deflationary stagnation, brought up to the present day. Material is organised ‘genealogically’ rather than chronologically, drawing together certain threads and traditions. It makes connections across time periods to suggest how the design of the Japanese house has dealt with sociological changes over this period, from the fracturing of the nuclear family and an increase in single-person households to an ageing population.
An experimental analysis of modifications to the survivor benefit information within the Social Security statement
Authors: DIEBOLD JEFFREY , CAMILLERI SUSAN 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe Social Security Statement is the primary resource most workers prefer to use to learn about their Social Security benefits. The Social Security Administration periodically mails this and supporting documents to all workers to help them make informed decisions about when to start receiving their benefits. Understandably, the Statement provides detailed information about the worker's retirement benefit. However, these documents contain remarkably little information about the survivor benefit despite the financial importance of this particular auxiliary benefit to the widows of deceased workers in widowhood. We analyze the effect of modifications to the survivor benefit information in the Statement on benefit knowledge and expected claiming behavior of married men using an experimental survey of workers. The results provide evidence that the augmentation of this information can temporarily improve benefit knowledge and influence expected claim ages.
Care gap: a comprehensive measure to quantify unmet needs in mental health
Authors: Pathare S. , Brazinova A. , Levav I. 
Published: March 2018

Aim.Treatment gap refers to the percentage of individuals who require treatment in a country or a defined community but do not receive it due to various reasons. There is widespread acceptance of ‘treatment gap’ as a measure of unmet needs in mental health. However, the term ‘treatment’ carries a medical connotation and implies biomedical treatment (or lack of it) of mental illness and is often interpreted by policymakers, planners and researchers, as well as by non-professional stakeholders as exclusively referring to curative clinical psychiatric interventions. This common interpretation results in the exclusion of a range of effective psychosocial interventions available today. Treatment gap also does not include physical health services for persons with mental illness, a major concern due to the relative frequent yet highly unattended physical comorbidity and early mortality of persons with severe mental illness.Methods & Results.We, therefore, propose a more comprehensive measure of unmet needs.
Twisted photons: new quantum perspectives in high dimensions
Authors: Erhard Manuel , Fickler Robert , Krenn Mario , Zeilinger Anton 
Published: March 2018

AbstractTwisted photons can be used as alphabets to encode information beyond one bit per single photon. This ability offers great potential for quantum information tasks, as well as for the investigation of fundamental questions. In this review article, we give a brief overview of the theoretical differences between qubits and higher dimensional systems, qudits, in different quantum information scenarios. We then describe recent experimental developments in this field over the past three years. Finally, we summarize some important experimental and theoretical questions that might be beneficial to understand better in the near future.
Spiniform phase-encoded metagratings entangling arbitrary rational-order orbital angular momentum
Authors: Huang Kun , Liu Hong , Restuccia Sara , Mehmood Muhammad Q , Mei Sheng-Tao , Giovannini Daniel , Danner Aaron , Padgett Miles J , Teng Jing-Hua , Qiu Cheng-Wei 
Published: March 2018

AbstractQuantum entanglements between integer-order and fractional-order orbital angular momentums (OAMs) have been previously discussed. However, the entangled nature of arbitrary rational-order OAM has long been considered a myth due to the absence of an effective strategy for generating arbitrary rational-order OAM beams. Therefore, we report a single metadevice comprising a bilaterally symmetric grating with an aperture, creating optical beams with dynamically controllable OAM values that are continuously varying over a rational range. Due to its encoded spiniform phase, this novel metagrating enables the production of an average OAM that can be increased without a theoretical limit by embracing distributed singularities, which differs significantly from the classic method of stacking phase singularities using fork gratings. This new method makes it possible to probe the unexplored niche of quantum entanglement between arbitrarily defined OAMs in light, which could lead to the complex manipulation of microparticles, high-dimensional quantum entanglement and optical communication. We show that quantum coincidence based on rational-order OAM-superposition states could give rise to low cross-talks between two different states that have no significant overlap in their spiral spectra. Additionally, future applications in quantum communication and optical micromanipulation may be found.
ELF3 promotes epithelial–mesenchymal transition by protecting ZEB1 from miR-141-3p-mediated silencing in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Zheng Longbo , Xu Ming , Xu Junjie , Wu Ke , Fang Qian , Liang Yuelong , Zhou Senjun , Cen Dong , Ji Lin , Han Weili , Cai Xiujun 
Published: March 2018

AbstractHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignant cancers and currently the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths, worldwide. Epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays a major role in HCC progression. In this study, we first found that the expression of E74-like ETS transcription factor 3 (ELF3), a member of the E-twenty-six family of transcription factors, was increased in HCC tissues, and that ELF3 overexpression was associated with poor prognoses for HCC patients. Gain-of-function and loss-of-function studies revealed that increased ELF3 expression promoted HCC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, while these processes were inhibited when ELF3 was silenced. Additionally, ELF3 was found to promote EMT, which we demonstrated through decreased E-cadherin expression and increased N-cadherin and fibronectin expression. ELF3 knockdown reversed EMT via repressing ZEB1 expression through miR-141-3p upregulation. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays revealed that ELF3 bound to the miR-141-3p promoter, suppressing miR-141-3p expression. Taken together, our data show that ELF3 repressed E-cadherin and promoted EMT in HCC cells by suppressing miR-141-3p, thereby activating ZEB1. Thus, ELF3 may be a potential prognostic biomarker and/or therapeutic target for HCC.
The role of endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondria contact sites in the control of glucose homeostasis: an update
Authors: Rieusset Jennifer 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe contact sites that the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) forms with mitochondria, called mitochondria-associated membranes (MAMs), are a hot topic in biological research, and both their molecular determinants and their numerous roles in several signaling pathways are is continuously evolving. MAMs allow the exchange between both organelles of lipids, calcium (Ca2+), and likely reactive oxygen species, allowing adaptations of both cellular bioenergetics and cell fate depending of cellular needs or stresses. Therefore, it is not surprising that MAMs affect cellular metabolism. Nevertheless, recent arguments suggest that MAMs could also act as key hub of hormonal and/or nutrient signaling in several insulin-sensitive tissues, pointing a specific role of MAMs in the control of glucose homeostasis. Here, I provide a brief review and update on current key signaling roles of the MAMs in the control of glucose homeostasis in both health and metabolic diseases. Particularly, the relevance of ER-mitochondria miscommunication in the disruption of glucose homeostasis is analyzed in details in the liver, skeletal muscle, adipose tissue, and beta cells of the pancreas.
Differentiation by nerve growth factor (NGF) involves mechanisms of crosstalk between energy homeostasis and mitochondrial remodeling
Authors: Martorana Francesca , Gaglio Daniela , Bianco Maria Rosaria , Aprea Federica , Virtuoso Assunta , Bonanomi Marcella , Alberghina Lilia , Papa Michele , Colangelo Anna Maria 
Published: March 2018

AbstractNeuronal differentiation involves extensive modification of biochemical and morphological properties to meet novel functional requirements. Reorganization of the mitochondrial network to match the higher energy demand plays a pivotal role in this process. Mechanisms of neuronal differentiation in response to nerve growth factor (NGF) have been largely characterized in terms of signaling, however, little is known about its impact on mitochondrial remodeling and metabolic function. In this work, we show that NGF-induced differentiation requires the activation of autophagy mediated by Atg9b and Ambra1, as it is disrupted by their genetic knockdown and by autophagy blockers. NGF differentiation involves the induction of P-AMPK and P-CaMK, and is prevented by their pharmacological inhibition. These molecular events correlate with modifications of energy and redox homeostasis, as determined by ATP and NADPH changes, higher oxygen consumption (OCR) and ROS production. Our data indicate that autophagy aims to clear out exhausted mitochondria, as determined by enhanced localization of p62 and Lysotracker-red to mitochondria. In addition, we newly demonstrate that NGF differentiation is accompanied by increased mitochondrial remodeling involving higher levels of fission (P-Drp1) and fusion proteins (Opa1 and Mfn2), as well as induction of Sirt3 and the transcription factors mtTFA and PPARγ, which regulate mitochondria biogenesis and metabolism to sustain increased mitochondrial mass, potential, and bioenergetics. Overall, our data indicate a new NGF-dependent mechanism involving mitophagy and extensive mitochondrial remodeling, which plays a key role in both neurogenesis and nerve regeneration.
Sensitive and frequent identification of high avidity neo-epitope specific CD8
+
T cells in immunotherapy-naive ovarian cancer
Authors: Bobisse Sara , Genolet Raphael , Roberti Annalisa , Tanyi Janos L. , Racle Julien , Stevenson Brian J. , Iseli Christian , Michel Alexandra , Le Bitoux Marie-Aude , Guillaume Philippe , Schmidt Julien , Bianchi Valentina , Dangaj Denarda , Fenwick Craig , Derré Laurent , Xenarios Ioannis , Michielin Olivier , Romero Pedro , Monos Dimitri S. , Zoete Vincent , Gfeller David , Kandalaft Lana E. , Coukos George , Harari Alexandre 
Published: March 2018

AbstractImmunotherapy directed against private tumor neo-antigens derived from non-synonymous somatic mutations is a promising strategy of personalized cancer immunotherapy. However, feasibility in low mutational load tumor types remains unknown. Comprehensive and deep analysis of circulating and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) for neo-epitope specific CD8+ T cells has allowed prompt identification of oligoclonal and polyfunctional such cells from most immunotherapy-naive patients with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer studied. Neo-epitope recognition is discordant between circulating T cells and TILs, and is more likely to be found among TILs, which display higher functional avidity and unique TCRs with higher predicted affinity than their blood counterparts. Our results imply that identification of neo-epitope specific CD8+ T cells is achievable even in tumors with relatively low number of somatic mutations, and neo-epitope validation in TILs extends opportunities for mutanome-based personalized immunotherapies to such tumors.