bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Energy Absorption Capacity of Equine Support Bandages
Authors: Vanderby R. , Neirby D. , Libbey C. J. , Nordheim E. V. , Crawford W. H. 
Published: March 2018

SummaryA previous study has shown that a non-woven, cohesive bandage material placed in various configurations and tensions on equine cadaver legs caused an increase in the amount of energy that was absorbed when the leg was loaded to create fetlock extension. The purpose of this study was to compare the energy absorption capacity of five different bandage materials when they were placed in the same configurations and tensions as in the preceding study. There were significant differences between materials in their energy absorption capacity with the magnitude and differences being dependent upon the configuration and tension in which the bandage was constructed. Differences in the rate of energy absorption loss which existed between bandages materials were more evident when the bandages were constructed with the material placed at full-stretch tension. The significance of material characteristics, with respect to energy absorption, are discussed. Suggestions are made for the clinical application of support bandages on the distal limb of performance horses.The energy absorption capacity of five different bandage materials was compared. There were significant differences between materials in their energy absorption capacity with the magnitude and differences being dependent upon the configuration and tension in which the bandage was constructed. Differences in the rate of energy absorption loss which existed between bandage materials were more evident when the bandages were constructed with the material placed at fullstretch tension. The significance of material characteristics, with respect to energy absorption, are discussed. Suggestions are made for the clinical application of support bandages on the distal limb of performance horses.
Measuring the User Acceptance of a Web-based Nursing Documentation System
Authors: Liaskos J. , Mantas J. 
Published: March 2018

SummaryObjectives: The development of an ICNP web-based nursing documentation system, and its evaluation for its usability, and its user acceptance.Methods: A web-based nursing documentation system was designed and implemented by using the Greek translation of ICNP beta 2 version nursing terminology. The system integrates the steps of nursing process for providing and documenting nursing care, while ICNP terminology is used for the description of nursing concepts. The system was evaluated by nurses in a computer laboratory. We measured the user interaction satisfaction mainly by using questionnaires and scenarios.Results: The nurses who evaluated the system possessed adequate basic computer skills; but low-to-moderate experience in clinical or hospital information systems; and insufficient experience with nursing vocabularies, and especially ICNP. Overall, they were satisfied enough with the system’s usability and usefulness, while the acceptance level increased as the level of their training in computers, nursing process and ICNP was also increased. The integration and use in the system of predefined, or standardized, nursing concepts and care plans seems to increase the acceptance of the documentation system and also the ICNP.Conclusion: The subjective satisfaction and response of the users towards the system is specified. The described system was evaluated under “laboratory conditions” and revealed some of its strong and weak points and some of the factors that influenced its success and acceptance by its users.
An E-learning Platform for Guideline Implementation
Authors: Schürer-Maly C.-C. , Frahne J. , Lelgemann M. , Butzlaff M. , Vollmar H. C. 
Published: March 2018

Summary

Objectives:
Effective knowledge translation in medicine is an essential element of a modern health care system. Evidence-based clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) are considered relevant instruments for the transfer of knowledge into clinical practice. To improve this transfer we have created Internet-based continuing medical education (CME) modules and online case-based learning objects.

Methods:
Building upon existing CPGs, an e-learning platform including a multi-step review process was developed to generate CME modules. These CME modules were presented through a modified content management system (CMS) that fulfils specific requirements of CME. An online questionnaire using a four-point Likert scale was designed to receive mandatory feedback from participating physicians. In the second step of development, case-based learning objects were added to the CMS.

Results:
Existing clinical practice guidelines allowed a rapid development of CME modules specific to individual clinical indications. The modified CMS proved to be technically stable but also resource-intensive. 3105 physicians registered and used the platform between June 2003 and April 2005. 95% of the physicians expressed positive feedback in an evaluation questionnaire; only 35% of physicians actually used the corresponding CPGs in practice. Suggestions from the CME users led to the development of interactive medical case-based learning objects related to the main topics of the CPGs.

Conclusions:
To support the implementation of CPGs, an Internet platform for CME including case-based learning objects and examination tests was developed. An interactive online CME platform can support active learning and may establish an additional stimulus for knowledge translation into daily medical practice.
Logical Ontology for Mediating between Nursing Intervention Terminology Systems
Authors: Hardiker N. R. 
Published: March 2018

Summary
Objectives: Several researchers have proposed the use of logical ontologies as ‘reference terminologies’. However, there are a number of unresolved issues. This article describes the development of a logical ontology for nursing interventions and presents the results of evaluation.
Methods: Initially this study involved the development in GRAIL of two separate experimental ontologies: an ontology based on the textual content of informal definitions for nursing interventions drawn from the Nursing Interventions Classification; and an ontology based on labels for the same nursing interventions. Following initial bench-testing, the ontology based on labels was selected for extension (to accommodate also nursing intervention components of the Home Health Care Classification System and the Omaha System), for further testing and for external evaluation.
Results: A hierarchy of nursing interventions generated automatically from the experimental ontology based on informal definitions contained only 3 hierarchical relationships, compared to 214 for the initial ontology based on labels. For the final extended ontology based on labels, the generated hierarchy contained the three source terminology systems in entirety - there were a total of 2861 hierarchical relationships. While the results of comparative bench testing of the final ontology were favourable, the results of external evaluation were mixed and showed little agreement between reviewers.
Conclusion: This study suggests that while a logical ontology based on labels might be a useful tool for mediating between nursing intervention terminology systems, a formative consensus type development methodology might improve the approach by helping to harmonise ideological differences that may exist across the nursing profession.
Rapid Prototyping Strategy for a Surgical Data Warehouse
Authors: Tang S.-T. , Huang Y.-F. , Hsiao M.-L. , Yang S.-H. , Young S.-T. 
Published: March 2018

Summary
Objectives: Healthcare processes typically generate an enormous volume of patient information. This information largely represents unexploited knowledge, since current hospital operational systems (e.g., HIS, RIS) are not suitable for knowledge exploitation. Data warehousing provides an attractive method for solving these problems, but the process is very complicated. This study presents a novel strategy for effectively implementing a healthcare data warehouse.
Methods: This study adopted the rapid prototyping (RP) method, which involves intensive interactions. System developers and users were closely linked throughout the life cycle of the system development. The presence of iterative RP loops meant that the system requirements were increasingly integrated and problems were gradually solved, such that the prototype system evolved into the final operational system.
Results: The results were analyzed by monitoring the series of iterative RP loops. First a definite workflow for ensuring data completeness was established, taking a patient-oriented viewpoint when collecting the data. Subsequently the system architecture was determined for data retrieval, storage, and manipulation. This architecture also clarifies the relationships among the novel system and legacy systems. Finally, a graphic user interface for data presentation was implemented.
Conclusions: Our results clearly demonstrate the potential for adopting an RP strategy in the successful establishment of a healthcare data warehouse. The strategy can be modified and expanded to provide new services or support new application domains. The design patterns and modular architecture used in the framework will be useful in solving problems in different healthcare domains.
Bayesian Classification of Vasculitis: A Simulation Study
Authors: Heller I. , Isakov A. , Blinder-Weiner S. , Topilsky M. 
Published: March 2018

Abstract:New classification criteria for vasculitic disorders have recently been proposed by the American College of Rheumatology. These classification criteria have limitations inherent to the method employed in their development. We propose a different approach to the quantitative analysis of the manifestations of vasculitis, which may improve the precision of classification criteria in this domain. Bayesian classifiers were developed for six vasculitides using literature-derived quantitative descriptions of these syndromes. These clinical data were also used in computer programs designed to generate simulations of vasculitis and control cases. The performance of Bayesian classifiers of vasculitis was then compared to that of the American College of Rheumatology criteria, using series of computer-simulated vasculitis cases. Bayesian classifiers identified simulated vasculitis cases with greater accuracy than those of the corresponding American College of Rheumatology 1990 vasculitis criteria in all six diseases studied. As predicted by theoretical considerations, Bayesian classifiers have the potential to identify vasculitis cases more accurately than the proposed American College of Rheumatology 1990 criteria.
Development and Evaluation of Fuzzy Criteria for the Diagnosis of Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Adlassnig K.-P. , Kolarz G. , Leitich H. 
Published: March 2018

Abstract:In 1987, the American Rheumatism Association issued a set of criteria for the classification of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) to provide a uniform definition of RA patients. Fuzzy set theory and fuzzy logic were used to transform this set of criteria into a diagnostic tool that offers diagnoses at different levels of confidence: a definite level, which was consistent with the original criteria definition, as well as several possible and superdefinite levels. Two fuzzy models and a reference model which provided results at a definite level only were applied to 292 clinical cases from a hospital for rheumatic diseases. At the definite level, all models yielded a sensitivity rate of 72.6% and a specificity rate of 87.0%. Sensitivity and specificity rates at the possible levels ranged from 73.3% to 85.6% and from 83.6% to 87.0%. At the superdefinite levels, sensitivity rates ranged from 39.0% to 63.7% and specificity rates from 90.4% to 95.2%. Fuzzy techniques were helpful to add flexibility to preexisting diagnostic criteria in order to obtain diagnoses at the desired level of confidence.
A Problem-Oriented Patient Management Scheme
Authors: Hearn Catherine Rhys , Young D. W. 
Published: March 2018

Inefficient patient care may occur not because of lack of medical skills or limitation of resources, but because of inconsistent or deficient application of current medical knowledge. Conventional recording of patient information in the traditional record makes it difficult to assess, for a group of patients with similar problems, the effectiveness of any particular management plan.The ›Problem-Oriented Patient Management Scheme‹ has been developed to overcome these two difficulties. In essence it is a method of organising management plans for handling of patient problems. As the plans are prespecified they should reflect current medical opinion, as they are written down they can be applied consistently, and as the data needed is itemized the resulting patient record should be analysable to assess the effectiveness of the particular management scheme.
Ein nicht-parametrischer Zweistichproben-F-Test auf Randomisierungsbasis
Authors: Lienert G. A. , Schulz H. 
Published: March 2018

Es wird eine Übersicht über derzeit verfügbare verteilungsfreie Dispersionstests gegeben. Da bisher noch kein voll effizienter Zwei-Stichproben-Dispersionstest auf Randomisierungsbasis — entsprechend dem Randomisierungstest von Fisher für Lokationsunterschiede —• vorliegt, wurde ein solcher entwikkelt und an einem Beispiel demonstriert.Das Rationale beruht darauf, daß die Meßwerte eines Zwei-Stichproben-Vergleiches — nach den Regeln der Kombinatorik — in allen möglichen Kombinationen angeordnet werden und für jede Kombination der zugehörige Varianzquotient (F-Bruch) berechnet wird. Auf diese Weise erhält man eine stichprobenspezifische Prüfverteilung. Die Prüfgröße ergibt sich aus der Zahl der F-Werte, die den beobachteten F-Wert erreichen oder übersteigen. Die Alternativhypothese kann einoder zweiseitig formuliert werden.Vorteile des Tests: Er spricht nur auf Unterschiede der Dispersion zweier Stichproben an, und seine relative asymptotische Effizienz ist gleich eins. Nachteilig wirkt sich der erhebliche Rechenaufwand aus, wenn keine Rechenanlage zur Verfügung steht.
Automatic Method for Processing Mass Data in Clinical Medicine (FOSDIC)
Authors: Volk M. , Greenough M. L. , Pipberger H. V. , Cosma J. 
Published: March 2018

1. The need for automatic data processing techniques in investigative medicine is briefly-stated and stresse’d.2. Among the more widely used methods for collection, storage and analysis of large scale data, the punch cards, although suitable for direct computer input, leave a limited input speed.3. A new system developed jointly by the Bureau of the Census and the National Bureau of Standards, called FOSDIC is described.4. FOSDIC is basically an analog scanner actuated by a digital computer. It automatically reads, recodes and transcribes the information on magnetic tape in binary language.5. FOSDIC. consists of four parts: a scanning unit, a program unit, a tape unit and a console.6. Printed documents of suitable size and format are used for data collection; they are microfilmed” and the information contained therein is automatically scanned and recorded on digital magnetic tape, suitable for direct input to a digital electronic computer.7. Some of the advantages offered by this system are stressed: they are speed and versatility in the scanning and transcribing process, flexibility in the size and format of the printed document and space saving in the storage of microfilmed documents.8. FOSDIC system is being used in several research projects in progress; in one project reduction of clinical information is the aim, in other ones correlation between analog records such as the electrocardiogram with clinical information is pursued. Since the clinical information is collected from more than one hospital, uniformity in the collected documents is an important factor.
Untersuchungen über die Ernährung als Krankheitsursache )
Authors: Lang K. 
Published: March 2018

Neben die bekannten Untersuchungen über Mangel- und Überernährung sowie über die Imba-lanz von Nahrungsmitteln tritt heute das weltweite Problem der Nahrungsmittelumstellung, teils zivilisatorisch, teils durch die starke Bevölkerungszunahme bedingt. Die Industrialisierung von Erzeugung, Verarbeitung und Verteilung führt zu einer Veränderung der Qualität der Lebensmittel.Die Möglichkeiten der Kontamination der Lebensmittel mit allerlei Fremdstoffen haben zugenommen, außerdem finden — allerdings in gesetzlich geregeltem Umfange — Lebensmittelzusatzstoffe zwecks Konservierung, Färbung, Aromatisierung u. dgl. Verwendung. Außerdem bedingt die Zubereitung der Nahrung das Entstehen neuer Substanzen mit teilweise nur imgenügend bekannter biologischer Wirkung.Die Behauptungen, daß die gegenwärtige Ernährung die Ursache der sogenannten ,,Zivilisationskrankheiten” sei, sind weitgehend spekulativ. Dies wird an den 3 Beispielen Arteriosklerose, Krebs und Karies im Einzelnen ausgeführt.Zur Zeit stehen keine einwandfreien Unterlagen darüber zur Verfügung, wie sich die qualitativen und quantitativen Veränderungen der Ernährung für den Menschen auswirken.Voraussetzung für die Klärung dieser schwerwiegenden Fragen kann nur eine systematische, statistisch auswertbare Materialsammlung sein; deren Realisierung wird aber wegen der zu hohen Aufwendigkeit des Projektes in absehbarer Zeit vermutlich nicht möglich sein.
Lymphfisteln an der unteren Extremität
Authors: Piza-Katzer H. , Schoeller T. , Wechselberger G. , Del Frari B. 
Published: March 2018

ZusammenfassungWir berichten über die intraoperative Darstellung von postoperativ entstandenen Lymphfisteln an der unteren Extremität durch intrakutane Injektion von Methylenblau und deren chirurgische Therapie. Zusätzlich werden alternative Behandlungsmethoden der Lymphfisteln diskutiert. Patienten, Material, Methoden: Von März 2005 bis November 2006 wurde bei drei Patienten eine intraoperative Fisteldarstellung durch eine interdigitale intrakutane Injektion von Methylenblau durchgeführt und anschließend das dargestellte Lymphgefäß ligiert. Ergebnisse: Der unmittelbare postoperative Verlauf war komplikationsfrei. In einem durchschnittlichen Nachuntersuchungszeitraum von 11 Monaten trat kein Rezidiv auf. Schlussfolgerung: Die intraoperative Fisteldarstellung mit Methylenblau ist eine kostenarme Methode zur Diagnose und Behandlung einer externen Lymphfistel an der unteren Extremität.
Rlip depletion prevents spontaneous neoplasia in TP53 null mice
Authors: Awasthi Sanjay , Tompkins Joshua , Singhal Jyotsana , Riggs Arthur D. , Yadav Sushma , Wu Xiwei , Singh Sharda , Warden Charles , Liu Zheng , Wang Jinhui , Slavin Thomas P. , Weitzel Jeffrey N. , Yuan Yate-Ching , Awasthi Meenakshi , Srivastava Satish K. , Awasthi Yogesh C. , Singhal Sharad S. 
Published: March 2018

SignificanceMice that have homozygous deletion of the p53 tumor suppressor protein universally die of malignancy, generally before 6 months of age. We show that hemizygous deficiency of RALBP1 (RLIP76 or Rlip) confers a degree of protection from spontaneous malignancy that has never previously been observed. This discovery introduces a paradigm for p53 function, in which Rlip plays a central role as an effector that appears necessary for the cancer susceptibility of p53 null mice. Because p53 loss has a powerful effect on genomic instability that contributes to the initiation and promotion of cancers and to drug and radiation resistance in humans, our findings provide a method for prevention and therapy of p53-deficient cancer.
Research on the Precision Control Technology of Short - line Segmental Prefabricated Assembly Bridge
Authors: Dai Xihua , Wu Xingfa , Zhang Taike 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
Short-line prestressed assembly bridge construction method has been widespread used for more than 10 years in China, unlike the “wysiwyg” cast-in-place beam, prefabrication and assembling construction process control is more important, especially for the virtual segment assembly. Due to the short line method commonly used in the large-scale bridge project, it is necessary to research intensive construction control, and improve the level of short line method. This article studied in two ways: the precast assembling error processing and precision control based on parametric analysis of the structure deformation.
A survey and evaluation of Web-based tools/databases for variant analysis of TCGA data
Authors: Zhang Zhuo , Li Hao , Jiang Shuai , Li Ruijiang , Li Wanying , Chen Hebing , Bo Xiaochen 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) is a publicly funded project that aims to catalog and discover major cancer-causing genomic alterations with the goal of creating a comprehensive ‘atlas’ of cancer genomic profiles. The availability of this genome-wide information provides an unprecedented opportunity to expand our knowledge of tumourigenesis. Computational analytics and mining are frequently used as effective tools for exploring this byzantine series of biological and biomedical data. However, some of the more advanced computational tools are often difficult to understand or use, thereby limiting their application by scientists who do not have a strong computational background. Hence, it is of great importance to build user-friendly interfaces that allow both computational scientists and life scientists without a computational background to gain greater biological and medical insights. To that end, this survey was designed to systematically present available Web-based tools and facilitate the use TCGA data for cancer research.
Functional annotation of genomic variants in studies of late-onset Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Butkiewicz Mariusz , Blue Elizabeth E , Leung Yuk Yee , Jian Xueqiu , Marcora Edoardo , Renton Alan E , Kuzma Amanda , Wang Li-San , Koboldt Daniel C , Haines Jonathan L , Bush William S 
Published: March 2018

Abstract

Motivation
Annotation of genomic variants is an increasingly important and complex part of the analysis of sequence-based genomic analyses. Computational predictions of variant function are routinely incorporated into gene-based analyses of rare-variants, though to date most studies use limited information for assessing variant function that is often agnostic of the disease being studied.

Results
In this work, we outline an annotation process motivated by the Alzheimer’s Disease Sequencing Project, illustrate the impact of including tissue-specific transcript sets and sources of gene regulatory information and assess the potential impact of changing genomic builds on the annotation process. While these factors only impact a small proportion of total variant annotations (∼5%), they influence the potential analysis of a large fraction of genes (∼25%).

Availability and implementation
Individual variant annotations are available via the NIAGADS GenomicsDB, at https://www.niagads.org/genomics/ tools-and-software/databases/genomics-database. Annotations are also available for bulk download at https://www.niagads.org/datasets. Annotation processing software is available at http://www.icompbio.net/resources/software-and-downloads/.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.