bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MR protocol optimization for hepatobiliary phase imaging with Gd-EOB-DTPA at 1.5 T: comparison between breath-hold T1-weighted and high-resolution navigated 3D T1-weighted sequences
Authors: Picchi Eliseo , Ferrazzoli Valentina , Liberto Valeria , Toti Luca , Da Ros Valerio , Pucci Noemi , Minosse Silvia , Garaci Francesco , Di Giuliano Francesca 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
This study aims to compare the efficacy of navigator-gated three-dimensional T1-weighted gradient-echo sequences (NAV) with standard breath-hold T1-weighted gradient-echo sequences (BH) for the detection of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) nodules in patients with chronic viral hepatitis undergoing magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with gadolinium ethoxybenzyl-diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (Gd-EOB-DTPA).

Methods
From May 2022 to November 2023, fifty-eight patients were included in this retrospective study. Eligible patients had chronic viral hepatitis and at least one hepatic nodule of one cm or larger detected by ultrasound. Each patients underwent MRI that included NAV and BH sequences obtained by using various flip angles (FA) ranging from 10° to 40° post Gd-EOB-DTPA administration. Three independent radiologists performed qualitative analysis evaluating the clearness of the image, the presence of artifacts, the diagnostic reliability of the sequences, and the contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) between lesions and liver, as well as between liver and spleen.

Results
NAV sequences at a FA of 40° have demonstrated the highest agreement across all quality parameters (p < 0.001). A comparison of CNR between hypointense lesions and liver tissue showed decreasing values with increase FA, notably in NAV sequences. Statistically significant differences were observed among the sequences: BH 10° 0.73 ± 0.17; BH 30° 0.68 ± 0.17; BH 40° 0.68 ± 0.15; NAV 25° 0.62 ± 0.18; NAV 40° 0.56 ± 0.17. Although sequences with higher FA have shown an increase in CNR and contrast between liver and spleen, no statistically significant differences have been detected between BH and NAV with 40° of FA.

Conclusions
The study highlighted the diagnostic superiority of NAV over BH sequences with a 40° FA in assessing image quality and enhancement in malignant liver nodules of cirrhotic patients. Incorporating one of these sequences into MRI protocols is recommended for enhanced diagnostic clarity, which is critical for informed surgical planning. This could facilitate more precise interventions, potentially improving surgical outcomes in the management of hepatocellular carcinoma.
EPA guidance on lifestyle interventions for adults with severe mental illness: A meta-review of the evidence
Authors: Maurus Isabel , Wagner Sarah , Spaeth Johanna , Vogel Anastasia , Muenz Susanne , Seitz Valentina , von Philipsborn Peter , Solmi Marco , Firth Joseph , Stubbs Brendon , Vancampfort Davy , Hallgren Mats , Kurimay Tamás , Gerber Markus , Correll Christoph U. , Gaebel Wolfgang , Möller Hans-Jürgen , Schmitt Andrea , Hasan Alkomiet , Falkai Peter 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
There is growing interest in lifestyle interventions as stand-alone and add-on therapies in mental health care due to their potential benefits for both physical and mental health outcomes. We evaluated lifestyle interventions focusing on physical activity, diet, and sleep in adults with severe mental illness (SMI) and the evidence for their effectiveness. To this end, we conducted a meta-review and searched major electronic databases for articles published prior to 09/2022 and updated our search in 03/2024. We identified 89 relevant systematic reviews and assessed their quality using the SIGN checklist. Based on the findings of our meta-review and on clinical expertise of the authors, we formulated seven recommendations. In brief, evidence supports the application of lifestyle interventions that combine behavioural change techniques, dietary modification, and physical activity to reduce weight and improve cardiovascular health parameters in adults with SMI. Furthermore, physical activity should be used as an adjunct treatment to improve mental health in adults with SMI, including psychotic symptoms and cognition in adults with schizophrenia or depressive symptoms in adults with major depression. To ameliorate sleep quality, cognitive behavioural informed interventions can be considered. Additionally, we provide an overview of key gaps in the current literature. Future studies should integrate both mental and physical health outcomes to reflect the multi-faceted benefits of lifestyle interventions. Moreover, our meta-review highlighted a relative dearth of evidence relating to interventions in adults with bipolar disorder and to nutritional and sleep interventions. Future research could help establish lifestyle interventions as a core component of mental health care.
Health-related Quality of Life, Social, and Psychological Well-Being of 109 Adult Patients With Genetic Lipodystrophy
Authors: Mosbah Héléna , Vatier Camille , Andriss Béatrice , Belalem Inès , Delemer Brigitte , Janmaat Sonja , Bouhnik Anne-Deborah , Le Collen Lauriane , Maiter Dominique , Nobécourt Estelle , Vantyghem Marie-Christine , Vigouroux Corinne , Dumas Agnes 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Lipodystrophy syndromes are rare diseases characterized by a generalized or partial lipoatrophic morphotype and metabolic complications. Data on health-related quality of life and impact of genetic lipodystrophy on social or psychological well-being are lacking.

Patients and Methods
Patients with genetic lipodystrophy were recruited throughout the French national reference network for rare diseases of insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity. Patients completed a self-reported questionnaire exploring their physical, psychological, and social well-being and perceived impact of the disease. Descriptive analyses and comparison with general population norms were conducted.

Results
Of 175 eligible patients, 109 (84% of women) were included, either with familial partial (n = 93) or congenital generalized (n = 16) lipodystrophy. Health-related quality of life based on physical and mental scores was significantly decreased compared to the French general population of similar age and gender (P &lt; .001 for both). Forty-one percent of patients reported moderate or severe depression and 69% dealt with chronic pain. Half of respondents had taken tranquilizers, sleeping pills, or antidepressants over their life. Female participants with genetic lipodystrophy were more frequently unemployed due to health issues as compared to the general population. Social discrimination was highly prevalent (73%), coming, in 34% of cases, from health professionals. More than half of affected women reported a very negative impact of lipodystrophy on body image, significantly associated with depressive symptoms.

Conclusion
This study highlights the need of psychosocial support in patients with lipodystrophy. An integrated approach and evaluation of psychological and physical symptoms by physicians should be made available to organize specialized care and set up specific therapeutic educational programs.
Feasibility, Acceptability, and Validity of Home Continuous Glucose Monitoring–Based Oral Glucose Tolerance Test in Youth
Authors: Rodriguez Gonzalez Adriana , Harrison Caleb , Hewitt Brianna , Mejier Jennifer L , Vajravelu Mary Ellen 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Context
Home-based approaches to type 2 diabetes (T2D) screening in youth may facilitate early diagnosis.

Objective
This work aimed to evaluate feasibility, acceptability, and validity of a continuous glucose monitoring (CGM)-based oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT).

Methods
A prospective observational study was conducted at a pediatric clinical and translational research center. Participants were youth aged 8 to 18 years with overweight/obesity and prediabetes-range glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), fasting glucose, or 2-hour glucose on OGTT, and/or one or more guideline-based T2D risk factors. Participants completed two 75 g 2-hour OGTT 1) at the research center using serum samples (research-OGTT), and 2) at home using blinded CGM (home-OGTT). Feasibility: Percentage with valid home-OGTT data (date/time reported, transmitter returned). Acceptability: Survey and interview responses. Validity: Sensitivity, specificity, positive- and negative predictive value (PPV, NPV) of home- vs research-OGTT dysglycemia (fasting ≥100 mg/dL; 2-hour ≥140 mg/dL).

Results
Thirty-nine youth (54% female; 33% Black, 8% Hispanic/Latinx, 13% multiracial, 46% non-Hispanic White; age 14.6 ± 2.0 years; mean body mass index 37.0 ± 6.7 kg/m2) participated. HbA1c was 5.7% ± 0.4%, fasting glucose 85.7 ± 8.0 mg/dL, and 2-hour glucose 115.9 ± 25.9 mg/dL. Thirty (77%) had valid home-OGTT data. Acceptability was high (92% excellent/great, 8% neutral). Due to higher average values on home-OGTT, sensitivity and NPV were high (≥80%), while specificity (fasting: 10%; 2-hour: 25%) and PPV (fasting: 3.6%, 2-hour: 18.2%) were low.

Conclusion
Home-OGTT was acceptable, but strategies to precisely capture glucose ingestion timing could improve feasibility. Alternate dysglycemia thresholds may need to be defined prior to using CGM as a method for T2D screening in youth.
Development and Characterization of 3-Dimensional Cell Culture Models of Adrenocortical Carcinoma
Authors: Feely Sarah , Mullen Nathan , Donlon Padraig T , Reidy Eileen , Challapalli Ritihaas Surya , Hassany Mariam , Sorushanova Anna , Martinez Eduardo Ribes , Owens Peter , Quinn Anne Marie , Pandit Abhay , Harhen Brendan , Finn David P , Hantel Constanze , O’Halloran Martin , Prakash Punit , Dennedy Michael C 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare malignancy of the adrenal cortex that is associated with a poor prognosis. Developing effective treatment options for ACC is challenging owing to the current lack of representative preclinical models. This study addressed this limitation by developing and characterizing 3-dimensional (3D) cell cultures incorporating the ACC cell lines, MUC-1, HAC15, and H295R in a type I collagen matrix. ACC tissue samples were analyzed by immunohistochemistry to determine the presence of type I collagen in the tumor microenvironment. Cell viability and proliferation were assessed using flow cytometry and confocal microscopy. mRNA expression of steroidogenic enzymes and steroid secretion was analyzed by comparing the 3D and monolayer cell culture models. All cells were successfully cultured in a type I collagen matrix, which is highly expressed in the ACC tumor microenvironment and showed optimal viability until day 7. All 3 models showed increased metabolic and proliferative activity over time. Three-dimensional cell cultures were steroidogenic and demonstrated increased resistance to the gold standard chemotherapy, mitotane, compared with monolayer. The use of these models may lead to an improved understanding of disease pathology and provide a better representative platform for testing and screening of potential therapies.
Growth Hormone Action as a Target in Cancer: Significance, Mechanisms, and Possible Therapies
Authors: Basu Reetobrata , Boguszewski Cesar L , Kopchick John J 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Growth hormone (GH) is a pituitary-derived endocrine hormone required for normal postnatal growth and development. Hypo- or hypersecretion of endocrine GH results in 2 pathologic conditions, namely GH deficiency (GHD) and acromegaly. Additionally, GH is also produced in nonpituitary and tumoral tissues, where it acts rather as a cellular growth factor with an autocrine/paracrine mode of action. An increasingly persuasive and large body of evidence over the last 70 years concurs that GH action is implicit in escalating several cancer-associated events, locally and systemically. This pleiotropy of GH's effects is puzzling, but the association with cancer risk automatically raises a concern for patients with acromegaly and for individuals treated with GH. By careful assessment of the available knowledge on the fundamental concepts of cancer, suggestions from epidemiological and clinical studies, and the evidence from specific reports, in this review we aimed to help clarify the distinction of endocrine vs autocrine/paracrine GH in promoting cancer and to reconcile the discrepancies between experimental and clinical data. Along this discourse, we critically weigh the targetability of GH action in cancer—first by detailing the molecular mechanisms which posit GH as a critical node in tumor circuitry; and second, by enumerating the currently available therapeutic options targeting GH action. On the basis of our discussion, we infer that a targeted intervention on GH action in the appropriate patient population can benefit a sizable subset of current cancer prognoses.
Pachydermoperiostosis Due to a Novel HPGD Splicing Site Mutation Masquerading as Acromegaly
Authors: Almalki Mussa , Alghamdi Balgees , Benito Allianah , Alfares Ahmed , Alzahrani Ali S 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Hypertrophic osteoarthropathy (HOA: MIM 167100)) is classified into primary and secondary types. Primary HOA, also known as pachydermoperiostosis (PDP), is a rare genetic condition with distinct clinical features including digital clubbing, skin thickening, and periostosis. Secondary HOA often occurs as a paraneoplastic syndrome or is associated with systemic diseases. In this report, we present a 17-year-old male patient who initially presented with significant digital clubbing, enlarged hands and feet, and excessive sweating. Although the initial suspected diagnosis was acromegaly, the patient’s plasma level of insulin-like growth factor 1 was normal and growth hormone levels suppressed to &lt;1 ng/dL following oral glucose tolerance test. Whole exome sequencing followed by Sanger sequencing of leukocyte deoxyribonucleic acid revealed a novel splicing variant in the 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (HPGD) gene (NM_000860.6: c.662 + 5_662 + 8del). Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction confirmed that this variant led to defective splicing with skipping of exon 6, a frameshift, and truncation at codon 13 of exon 7 downstream. His symptoms did not respond well to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs but showed excellent response to a trial of lanreotide autogel that has been used for about 1 year.
Albumin–Butyrylcholinesterase as a Novel Prognostic Biomarker for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Post-hepatectomy: A Retrospective Cohort Study with the Hiroshima Surgical Study Group of Clinical Oncology
Authors: Tadokoro Takeshi , Kobayashi Tsuyoshi , Honmyo Naruhiko , Kuroda Shintaro , Ohira Masahiro , Hashimoto Masakazu , Oishi Koichi , Oshita Akihiko , Abe Tomoyuki , Onoe Takashi , Kohashi Toshihiko , Ohdan Hideki 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background
This study aimed to investigate the association between a new biomarker that incorporates albumin (Alb) and butyrylcholinesterase (BCHE) levels, as well as the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after hepatectomy.

Methods
The study enrolled 1712 patients who underwent primary hepatectomy for HCC between January 2003 and December 2019 at seven institutions belonging to the Hiroshima Surgical Study Group of Clinical Oncology. The entire dataset was randomly split into discovery and validation cohorts in a 7:3 ratio. The product of the preoperative Alb and BCHE levels was defined as the ABC. In the discovery cohort, the patients in the high-ABC group (≥ 951) were compared with those in the low-ABC group (< 951). These findings then were confirmed in the validation cohort.

Results
In the discovery cohort, a significant difference was observed in the 5-year survival rate between the high- and low-ABC groups (p < 0.001), and ABC was identified as an independent prognostic factor for HCC. Similarly, in the validation cohort, a significant difference was observed in the 5-year survival rate between the high- and low-ABC groups (p < 0.001), and ABC was identified as an independent prognostic factor for HCC. Furthermore, in the discovery and validation cohorts, significant differences in the early recurrence rate between the two groups were observed (p < 0.001 and p = 0.020, respectively).

Conclusions
For patients with HCC, ABC is a useful predictive biomarker because it can be calculated in a simple manner and because it provides accurate prognostic information.
Programmable waveguide mesh photonic integrated circuits based on thin-film lithium niobate
Authors: Zhang Shengya , Liu Jianguo , Zhang Jing , Li Jinye 
Published: December 2024

Programmable photonics chips based on a versatile structure are crucial for the next generation of advanced photonics systems. In this paper, we designed a programmable photonics chip with a hexagonal waveguide mesh consisting of longitudinally parallel arranged tunable basic units based on thin-film lithium niobate. We fabricated a waveguide mesh on a chip with an effective area of 5.2mm×1.5mm, which contains six tunable basic units, and tested its performance. The extinction ratio of both output ports of the tunable basic units exceeded 15 dB, with P
π
=46mW and a response time of about 32 µs. By programming the waveguide mesh through a PC, it can be configured as a multi-channel adjustable optical switch, where the extinction ratio of each output port is greater than 15 dB. This can be applied to all-optical networks for arbitrary path switching.
Prevalence of overweight and obesity and their impact on academic performance and psychological well-being among university students in 2024 in Bangladesh
Authors: Emon Hasibul Hassain , Sarker Soham , Lima Mst. Shamima Akter , Tasnim Farzana Afroze , Al Nabil Abdullah , Azam Muhammad Ibrahim , Hossain Md. Moyazzem 
Published: December 2024

Background
The prevalence and impact of obesity and overweight is one of the main concerns among researchers worldwide. There are several consequences of overweight and obesity among students in developing countries like Bangladesh. Therefore, this study aims to explore the prevalence and impact of overweight or obesity on individuals’ self-esteem and academic performance among university students in Bangladesh.

Methods and materials
This study is based on primary data that was collected from 600 students of Jahangirnagar University using a well-structured questionnaire. The questionnaire included demographic information, the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES), and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ-7). The summary statistics, the Fisher exact test, the Chi-square test, and the Pearson correlation matrix were computed. A logistic regression model assessed the relationship between low self-esteem and other variables such as demographic characteristics, BMI status, and physical activities.

Results
The findings indicate that 38.2% of the students are overweight or obese, and the prevalence rate is high among males. The lowest academic performance across all disciplines is observed among obese students. A negative correlation is observed between BMI and self-esteem (r = -0.41) and academic performance is negatively linked with overweight or obese (r = -0.26) Results depict that overweight/obese students are 7.11 times more likely to have low self-esteem (AOR: 7.11, 95% CI: 4.59–11.02) compared to normal students.

Conclusions
Overweight and obese students are more prone to lower academic performance and low self-esteem, considering physical inactivity and irregular dietary patterns. Therefore, university authorities ought to encourage students to engage in physical activities and should create awareness among students about the beneficial effects of nutritious foods and the importance of physical exercise.
Company Attractiveness, Corporate Reputation, and Recruitment Websites as Determinants of Job Application Intentions (Case Study of Islamic Banking Study Program Students)
Authors: Tri Puji Astuti  
Published: December 2024

Research Aims: The research aims to examine and analyze the influence of company attractiveness, company reputation and recruitment website on job application intentions in the sharia banking industry.
Methodology: The respondents were sharia banking students in Yogyakarta, with a sampling technique using purposive sampling with a total sample of 145 respondents. The analysis tool used is WarpPLS 7.0.
Research Findings: The results of the research show that company attractiveness has a positive and significant effect on intention to apply, company reputation and recruitment website do not have a significant effect on intention to apply for work and recruitment websites are proven to be able to moderate the influence of company attractiveness and company reputation on job application intentions.
Theoretical Contribution: The research findings identify the factors that serve as strengths, making them attractive to potential applicants based on the Theory of Reasoned Action.
Research limitation and implication: Islamic banks in Indonesia should pay closer attention to company attractiveness, particularly regarding the value that potential employees will gain. Similarly, regarding corporate reputation, Islamic banks must continue to maintain their well-established reputation among employees and the surrounding community.
Transnational media and English spread in the Expanding Circle: Hollywood’s predominance, language accommodation, and English as an additional language in cinema, television, and video on demand
Authors: Hilgendorf Suzanne K. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This paper explores the relationship between transnational media and the dramatic increase in English language users and uses within Kachru’s (1990. World Englishes and applied linguistics. World Englishes 9(1). 3–20) Expanding Circle. Traditionally, English has been considered a Foreign Language in the third and demographically largest sphere of Kachru’s (1990. World Englishes and applied linguistics. World Englishes 9(1). 3–20) World Englishes framework. Yet in recent decades, the language has spread significantly within speech communities in e.g., continental Europe, South America, and the Middle East. In contemporary Expanding Circle contexts, English has gained international and local uses, for interactions with individuals from abroad and fellow speech community members. Thus, English has evolved beyond its single, traditional role to acquire the added functions of Lingua Franca and Additional Language. This study examines these changing roles in connection with transnational media’s development over the last century, given the leading industry position of L1-English Hollywood. The paper reviews the transnational history of cinematic film, television programming, and video streaming on-demand, with their evolving top-down language policies and bottom-up viewer practices. The European context of Germany illustrates how English use within these domains over time reflects changing proficiencies and roles for the language.