bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Frontline Science: Blood-circulating leukocytes fail to infiltrate the spinal cord parenchyma after spared nerve injury
Authors: Guimarães Rafaela M , Davoli-Ferreira Marcela , Fonseca Miriam M , Damasceno Luis Eduardo A , Santa-Cecilia Flavia V , Kusuda Ricardo , Menezes Gustavo B , Cunha Fernando Q , Alves-Filho Jose C , Cunha Thiago M 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe development of neuropathic pain after peripheral nerve injury involves neuroimmune–glial interactions in the spinal cord. However, whether the development of neuropathic pain depends on the infiltration of peripheral immune cells, such as monocytes, into the spinal cord parenchyma after peripheral nerve damage remains unclear. Here, we used a combination of different techniques such as transgenic reporter mouse (Cx3cr1GFP/+ and Ccr2RFP/+ mice), bone marrow chimeric mice, and parabiosis to investigate this issue in spared nerve injury (SNI) model. Herein, we provided robust evidence that, although microglial cells are activated/proliferate at the dorsal horn of the spinal cord after SNI, peripheral hematopoietic cells (including monocytes) are not able to infiltrate into the spinal cord parenchyma. Furthermore, there was no evidence of CCR2 expression in intrinsic cells of the spinal cord. However, microglial cells activation/proliferation in the spinal cord and mechanical allodynia after SNI were reduced in Ccr2-deficient mice. These results suggest that blood-circulating leukocytes cells are not able to infiltrate the spinal cord parenchyma after distal peripheral nerve injury. Nevertheless, they indicate that CCR2-expressing cells might be indirectly regulating microglia activation/proliferation in the spinal cord after SNI. In conclusion, our study supports that CCR2 inhibition could be explored as an interventional approach to reduce microglia activation and consequently neuropathic pain development after peripheral nerve injury.
Rapid quantitative analysis of adulterated rice with partial least squares regression using hyperspectral imaging system
Authors: Guo Lianbo , Yu Yunxin , Yu Hanyue , Tang Yun , Li Jun , Du Yu , Chu Yanwu , Ma Shixiang , Ma Yuyang , Zeng Xiaoyan 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDRice adulteration in the food industry that infringes on the interests of consumers is considered very serious. To realize the rapid and precise quantitation of adulterated rice, a visible near infrared (VNIR) hyperspectral imaging system (380–1000 nm) was developed in the present study. A Savitsky–Golay first derivative (SG1) transform was utilized to eliminate the constant spectral baseline offset. Then, the adulterated levels of rice samples were quantified by partial least squares regression (PLSR).RESULTSA SG1‐PLSR model based on full‐wavelength was attained with a coefficient of determination of prediction set (RP) of 0.9909, root‐mean‐square error of prediction set (RMSEP) of 0.0447 g kg−1 and residual predictive deviation (RPDP) of 11.28. Furthermore, fifteen important wavelengths were selected based on the weighted regression coefficients (BW) and a simplified model (PLSR‐15) was established with RP of 0.9769, RMSEP of 0.0708 g kg−1 and RPDP of 3.49. Finally, two visualization maps produced by applying the optimal models (SG1‐PLSR and PLSR‐15) were used to visualize the adulterated levels of rice.CONCLUSIONThese results demonstrate that VNIR hyperspectral imaging system is an effective tool for rapidly quantifying and visualizing the adulterated levels of rice. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Impact of vine water status on berry mass and berry tissue development of Cabernet franc (Vitis vinifera L.), assessed at berry level
Authors: Triolo Roberta , Roby Jean Philippe , Pisciotta Antonino , Di Lorenzo Rosario , van Leeuwen Cornelis 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDBerry size is considered an important quality factor in red wine production. The objective of this work was to study the effect of vine water status on berry mass in field conditions, with a specific focus on berry tissue masses.RESULTSThe study was carried out over 2 years in a plot located in Sicily (Italy). Two irrigation treatments were established. Dynamic evolution of berry mass and berry tissue masses at harvest were recorded. Berries produced under water deficit conditions were smaller and characterized by a higher skin‐to‐flesh ratio. However, this ratio did not change when berry mass varied independently from vine water status, showing coordinated growth of flesh and skin under these conditions.CONCLUSIONThe implications of berry size on skin‐to‐flesh ratios depend on the factor causing berry size differences. This finding might question the conclusions of most research trying to demonstrate that berry size is, or is not, an important parameter for quality. The factors impacting berry size are likely to differ according to the scale considered. This highlights the importance of investigating the causal effects of varying berry size, before possibly discussing the potential effects on fruit composition and, subsequently, wine quality. Berries produced by grapevines facing water deficit have a higher skin‐to‐flesh ratio. Hence, limited water conditions, represent a powerful tool to increase the concentration of major solutes involved in wine quality, which are located in berry skins rather than in berry flesh. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Antimicrobial Blue Light Inactivation of Neisseria gonorrhoeae: Roles of Wavelength, Endogenous Photosensitizer, Oxygen, and Reactive Oxygen Species
Authors: Wang Ying , Ferrer‐Espada Raquel , Baglo Yan , Gu Ying , Dai Tianhong 
Published: June 2019

Background and ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy, safety, and mechanism of action of antimicrobial blue light (aBL) for the inactivation of Neisseria gonorrhoeae, the etiological agent of gonorrhea.Study Design/Materials and MethodsThe susceptibilities of N. gonorrhoeae (ATCC 700825) in planktonic suspensions to aBL at 405‐ and 470‐nm wavelengths were compared. The roles of oxygen in the anti‐gonococcal activity of aBL were studied by examining the effects of hypoxic condition (blowing N2) on the anti‐gonococcal efficiency of 405‐nm aBL. The presence, identification, and quantification of endogenous photosensitizers in N. gonorrhoeae cells and human vaginal epithelial cells (VK2/E6E7 cells) were determined using fluorescence spectroscopy and ultra‐performance liquid chromatography (UPLC). Finally, the selectivity of aBL inactivation of N. gonorrhoeae over the host cells were investigated by irradiating the co‐cultures of N. gonorrhoeae and human vaginal epithelial cells using 405‐nm aBL.ResultsAbout 3.12‐log10 reduction of bacterial colony forming units (CFU) was achieved by 27 J/cm
2 exposure at 405 nm, while about 3.70‐log10 reduction of bacterial CFU was achieved by 234 J/cm2 exposure at 470 nm. The anti‐gonococcal efficacy of 405‐nm aBL was significantly suppressed under hypoxic condition. Spectroscopic and UPLC analyses revealed the presence of endogenous porphyrins and flavins in N. gonorrhoeae. The concentrations of endogenous photosensitizers in N. gonorrhoeae (ATCC 700825) cells were more than 10 times higher than those in the VK2/E6E7 cells. In the co‐cultures of N. gonorrhoeae and VK2/E6E7 cells, 405‐nm aBL at 108 J/cm2 preferentially inactivated N. gonorrhoeae cells while sparing the vaginal epithelial cells.ConclusionsaBL at 405‐nm wavelength is more effective than 470‐nm wavelength in inactivating N. gonorrhoeae while sparing the vaginal epithelial cells. Reactive oxygen species generated from the photochemical reactions between aBL and endogenous photosensitizers play a vital role in the anti‐gonococcal activity of 405‐nm aBL. Lasers Surg. Med. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Photocrosslinked Chitosan Hydrogels Reinforced with Chitosan‐Derived Nano‐Graphene Oxide
Authors: Feng Zhaoxuan , Hakkarainen Minna , Grützmacher Hansjörg , Chiappone Annalisa , Sangermano Marco 
Published: May 2019

AbstractChitosan and chitosan‐derived nano‐graphene oxide carbon dots are successfully methacrylated and utilized for the fabrication of photocurable hydrogels. The addition of the nano‐graphene oxide (nGO) does not significantly delay the polymer network build‐up, but significantly reduces the storage modulus of the crosslinked network, with important detrimental effects on the mechanical performance. By replacing nGO with methacrylated M‐nGO, the mechanical performance of the crosslinked polymer network is improved with an increase of the storage modulus as a function of increasing the M‐nGO content in the photocurable formulation.
Technical Note: Effect of magnetic fields on the microdosimetry of carbon‐ion beams
Authors: Dai Tianyuan , Li Qiang , Liu Xinguo , Dai Zhongying , He Pengbo , Ma Yuanyuan , Shen Guosheng , Chen Weiqiang , Zhang Hui , Meng Qianqian , Zhang Xiaofang 
Published: May 2019

PurposeTo investigate the influence of magnetic fields on the microdosimetry of carbon‐ion beams and the scaling effect of tissue equivalent proportional counter (TEPC) defined as the change of energy deposition in a TEPC from that in a microscopic scale region of interest due to the presence of a magnetic field in combination with the TEPC larger physical dimensions.MethodsGeant4‐based Monte Carlo simulations were conducted to calculate the microdosimetric quantities for carbon‐ion beams with different initial energies (10–290 MeV/u) under magnetic fields of various strengths (0.5–3 T). The calculations were performed for a 1 μm spherical volume made of tissue, and for spherical TEPCs of 1 and 10 mm in diameter. Then, values of dose‐averaged lineal energy (yD) were acquired for the different scenarios to analyze the effect of magnetic fields on the microdosimetry of carbon‐ion beams and the scaling effect of TEPC.ResultsThe yD values and lineal energy spectra in the 1 μm spherical tissue volume for the scenarios without magnetic field and with magnetic fields of different strengths and directions remained nearly the same for the various energy carbon‐ion beams. However, compared with those of the 1 μm spherical tissue volume, an increase of of yD values and an obvious shift of the lineal energy spectra for the TEPCs of 1 and 10 mm in diameter under magnetic fields were found.ConclusionsThe application of magnetic fields under 3 T has no significant influence on the microdosimetric results of carbon‐ion beams. However, there is definitely a scaling effect when using TEPC for microdosimetric study, which alters the reading of TEPC in the presence of magnetic fields. Novel methods to correct the reading of TEPC or scaling effect‐resistant microdosimetric measurement detectors are urgently needed to perform experimental microdosimetric studies under magnetic fields.
Tapering biologic therapy for people with rheumatoid arthritis in remission: A review of patient perspectives and associated clinical evidence
Authors: Stamp Lisa K. , Chan Suz Jack , Marra Carlo , Helme Caitlin , Treharne Gareth J. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractObjectivesBiologic therapies have increased the control of disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Questions remain about tapering biologics when remission is achieved in RA. The patient perspective has to be incorporated in pragmatic applications of tapering but is rarely accounted for in clinical studies of tapering. The aim of the present review was to summarize the evidence about RA patient perspectives on biologic tapering.MethodsWe provided a narrative summary of the currently small body of research on patient perspectives retrieved through systematic searches with an emphasis on seeking qualitative research. In addition, we provided an update on relevant clinical research and financial considerations that frame the findings on patient perspectives.ResultsFinancial considerations around commencing/continuing on biologic therapies in RA vary internationally and have implications for patient perspectives. Recent clinical studies indicate that the benefit of tapering biologic therapy when in remission are predicted by drug concentration and aspects of disease activity, severity and duration. Three major concerns have been identified from studies of patient perspectives on biologic tapering: (a) disease relapse; (b) access to treatment in the case of disease flare when tapering; and (c) local motivation for dose reduction (i.e., driven by funding or health benefit).ConclusionsMore research is needed on tapering biologics, and should include studies of patient perspectives as well as health economic evaluations. Patient decision aids are a potential way of applying clinical and patient‐focused evidence to help all parties come to a decision, but require developmental research and pragmatic evaluation.
Diagnosis and surgical outcomes of ectopic ureters in adults: A case series and literature review
Authors: Toia Bogdan , Pakzad Mahreen , Hamid Rizwan , Wood Dan , Greenwell Tamsin , Ockrim Jeremy 
Published: June 2019

AbstractObjectivesTo evaluate functional outcomes of surgery in patients with ectopic ureters diagnosed in adulthood; to review the world literature.Patients and methodsPatients were referred over 10 years. Data including surgical history, presenting symptoms, diagnostic modalities, interventions and functional outcomes were collected; and the world literature reviewed.Results9 women and 1 man had a mean age of 37 (range 20‐58). All women were referred with lifelong leakage. The man was referred with storage LUTS. Three women had heminephrectomy/nephrectomy with the distal ureter left in‐situ prior to referral. MRI was the predominant diagnostic tool but often took senior review to confirm the diagnosis. Excision of the ectopic ureter was performed with bladder neck reconstruction in 6 women, with concomitant rectus fascial sling in one patient. 4 of 6 (67%) women were cured of their stress incontinence with the bladder neck reconstruction alone, whilst two required further intervention. Three women had nephroureterectomy alone as primary treatment of which two were cured. The single male had heminephrectomy and excision of seminal vesicle.ConclusionsEctopic ureter is a rare diagnosis in adults but should be considered in patients who describe lifelong incontinence. Fine slice MRI is the imaging of choice. Excision of the ureter with bladder neck reconstruction alone was successful in two‐thirds of patients, whilst further stress urinary incontinence surgery was required in one‐third. Malignancy in ureteric remnants is described in 8% of the world literature. Patients should be counselled of this risk if the ureter is left in‐situ.
Crosslinking behavior and enhanced mechanical properties of acrylonitrile‐butadiene rubber composites by incorporating aluminum ammonium sulfate particles
Authors: Cao Changlin , Cai Congyu , Wang Yangtao , Qian Qingrong , Chen Qinghua 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACTThe crosslinked structure formed by the metal coordination bonding provides excellent and new properties for rubber materials. Herein, the crosslinking of acrylonitrile‐butadiene rubber (NBR) is induced by introducing aluminum ammonium sulfate (NH4Al(SO4)2·12H2O) particles. The crosslinking behavior, morphology, mechanical properties, and the Akron abrasion resistance of NBR/NH4Al(SO4)2·12H2O composites were fully explored. The results show that the three‐dimensional crosslinking structure is held together by metal–ligand coordination bonds between the nitrile group and AI(III). The coordination crosslink density exhibits a considerable increase with the addition of NH4Al(SO4)2·12H2O. Thus, the mechanical properties and abrasion resistance of the obtained composites are better than that of NBR/sulfur system. Interestingly, the elongation at break for NBR/NH4Al(SO4)2·12H2O composites is over 2000% due to the nature of coordination bonds. The abrasion volume loss decreases to 0.4 cm3 for NBR/NH4Al(SO4)2·12H2O composites with 20 phr NH4Al(SO4)2·12H2O particles as compared to 0.75 cm3 for NBR/sulfur system. The obtained NBR composites with facile preparation and excellent mechanical properties make the composites based on metal coordination bonding attractive for practical use. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2019, 57, 879–886
Tunable Aminooxy‐Functionalized Monolayer‐Protected Gold Clusters for Nonpolar and Aqueous Oximation Reactions
Authors: Sibakoti Tirtha R. , Stinger Colton R. , Adhihetty Prasadanie K. , Zamborini Francis P. , Nantz Michael H. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractAminooxy (–ONH2) groups are well known for their chemoselective reactions with carbonyl compounds, specifically aldehydes and ketones. The versatility of aminooxy chemistry has proven to be an attractive feature that continues to stimulate new applications. This work describes application of aminooxy click chemistry on the surface of gold nanoparticles. A trifunctional amine‐containing aminooxy alkane thiol ligand for use in the functionalization of gold monolayer‐protected clusters (Au MPCs) is presented. Diethanolamine is readily transformed into an organic‐soluble aminooxy thiol (AOT) ligand using a short synthetic path. The synthesized AOT ligand is coated on ≤2‐nm‐diameter hexanethiolate‐(C6S)‐capped Au MPCs using a ligand‐exchange protocol to afford organic‐soluble AOT/C6S (1:1 ratio) Au mixed monolayer‐protected clusters (MMPCs). The synthesis of these Au(C6S)(AOT) MMPCs and representative oximation reactions with various types of aldehyde‐containing molecules is described, highlighting the ease and versatility of the chemistry and how amine protonation can be used to switch solubility characteristics.
Involvement of integument‐rich CYP4G19 in hydrocarbon biosynthesis and cuticular penetration resistance in Blattella germanica (L.)
Authors: Chen Nan , Pei Xiao‐Jin , Li Sheng , Fan Yong‐Liang , Liu Tong‐Xian 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDCuticle penetration plays an important role as a mechanism of insecticide resistance, but the underlying molecular mechanism remains poorly understood. In Blattella germanica, the cytochrome P450 gene, CYP4G19, is overexpressed in a pyrethroid‐resistant strain. Here, we investigated whether CYP4G19 is involved in the biosynthesis of hydrocarbons and further contributes to cuticular penetration resistance in B. germanica.RESULTSCompared with the susceptible strain, pyrethroid‐resistant cockroaches showed lower cuticular permeability with Eosin Y staining. Removal of epicuticular lipids, mainly nonpolar hydrocarbons, with a hexane wash intensified the cuticular permeability and decreased the resistance index of the resistant strain. CYP4G19 was predominately expressed in the abdominal integument and could be upregulated by desiccation stress or short exposure to beta‐cypermethrin. Overexpression of CYP4G19 in the resistant strain was positively correlated with a higher level of cuticular hydrocarbons (CHCs). RNAi‐mediated knockdown of CYP4G19 significantly decreased its expression and caused a reduction in CHCs. Meanwhile, CYP4G19 suppression resulted in a non‐uniform array of the lipid layer, enhanced cuticle permeability, and compromised insecticide tolerance.CONCLUSIONOur findings confirm that CYP4G19 is involved in hydrocarbon production and appears to contribute to hydrocarbon‐based penetration resistance in B. germanica. This study highlights the lipid‐based penetration resistance, advancing our understanding of the molecular mechanism underlying P450‐mediated cuticular penetration resistance in insects. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Effect of Curcuma longa on vascular function in native Tamilians with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A randomized, double‐blind, parallel arm, placebo‐controlled trial
Authors: Srinivasan Akila , Selvarajan Sandhiya , Kamalanathan Sadishkumar , Kadhiravan Tamilarasu , Prasanna Lakshmi Nakka Chandrasekhar , Adithan Surendiran 
Published: June 2019

Diabetes mellitus is characterized by increased central arterial stiffness and endothelial dysfunction leading to increased risk of cardiovascular complications. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of Curcuma longa on arterial stiffness and endothelial dysfunction in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. This randomized controlled trial was conducted in 136 patients of type 2 diabetes. Among them, 114 completed at least one follow‐up visit and included for data analysis. Arterial stiffness parameters were measured at baseline and every month for 3 months and endothelial dysfunction markers at baseline and after 3 months of treatment with C. longa or placebo. These parameters were compared between the two groups. Both C. longa and placebo groups were comparable at baseline. After 3 months of treatment, C. longa produced significant reduction from baseline in carotid–femoral pulse wave velocity (p = .002), left brachial–ankle pulse wave velocity (p = .001), aortic augmentation pressure (p = .007), aortic augmentation index (p = .007), and aortic augmentation index at heart rate 75 (p = .018) as compared with the placebo group. Three months treatment with C. longa significantly decreases arterial stiffness as compared with placebo in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.
An overview of synthetic‐type control charts: Techniques and methodology
Authors: Rakitzis Athanasios C. , Chakraborti Subhabrata , Shongwe Sandile C. , Graham Marien A. , Khoo Michael Boon Chong 
Published: May 2019

AbstractIn this paper, we provide an overview of a class of control charts called the synthetic charts. Synthetic charts are a combination of a traditional chart (such as a Shewhart, CUSUM, or EWMA chart) and a conforming run‐length (CRL) chart. These charts have been considered in order to maintain the simplicity and improve the performance of small and medium‐sized shift detection of the traditional Shewhart charts. We distinguish between different types of synthetic‐type charts currently available in the literature and highlight how each is designed and implemented in practice. More than 100 publications on univariate and multivariate synthetic‐type charts are reviewed here. We end with some concluding remarks and a list of some future research ideas.