bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Topographic- and Wavefront-guided Customized Ablations With the NIDEK-EC5000CXII in LASIK for Myopia
Authors: Kermani Omid , Schmiedt Karl , Oberheide Uwe , Gerten Georg 
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To assess refractive outcomes, changes in the total higher order root mean square (RMS) aberration, and changes in higher order wavefront aberrations after LASIK for myopia and myopic astigmatism with the NIDEK Advanced Vision Excimer Laser platform (NAVEX) using either an aspheric or topography-based or whole eye wavefront ablation algorithm.
METHODS: This was a retrospective study of 1459 eyes that underwent LASIK for myopia and myopic astigmatism. The mean preoperative spherical equivalent refraction was -4.68 diopters (D) (range: -0.50 to -9.63 D) with astigmatism up to -4.50 D. Treatments were classified into three categories depending on the type of ablation algorithm used - optimized aspheric transition zone (OATz) denoted eyes that underwent aspheric treatment zones; customized aspheric treatment zone (CATz) denoted eyes that underwent customized ablations based on corneal topography; and OPDCAT denoted eyes that underwent customized ablation based on the whole eye wavefront profile. Follow-up data are reported at 3 months (69%) and 12 months (17%) postoperatively.
RESULTS: Three months after LASIK, the predictability (±0.5 D from target refraction) was 80% for OATz, 91% for CATz, and 76% for OPDCAT. Of all eyes, 96% were within ±1.0 D of intended refraction 3 months postoperatively and 100% after 12 months (87% ±0.5 D). In the aspheric and custom groups, a notable improvement of uncorrected visual acuity was noted between 3 and 12 months after LASIK. No eye lost >1 line of best spectacle-corrected visual acuity. Mean higher order RMS increased in all groups.
CONCLUSIONS: The data support that the treatment of myopia and myopic astigmatism is safe and effective with NAVEX. Customized ablation based on corneal topography rather than on total wavefront error was more predictable. [J Refract Surg. 2006;22:754-763.]
INTACS Inserts Using the Femtosecond Laser Compared to the Mechanical Spreader in the Treatment of Keratoconus
Authors: Rabinowitz Yaron S , Li Xiaohui , Ignacio Teresa S , Maguen Ezra 
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To determine the efficacy of INTACS insertion using a femtosecond laser in the treatment of keratoconus and to compare it to the technique using a mechanical spreader.
METHODS: INTACS were inserted in 10 eyes using the mechanical spreader to create the channels and subsequently on another 20 eyes using the femtosecond laser. Uncorrected (UCVA) and best spectacle-corrected visual acuity (BSCVA), manifest refraction, and corneal topography were measured prior to surgery, at 6 months (femtosecond group), and 1 year (mechanical group). Pre- and postoperative data were analyzed to determine changes in the above parameters.
RESULTS: Both groups showed significant reduction in average keratometry (K), spherical equivalent refraction, BSCVA, UCVA, surface regularity index (SRI), and surface asymmetry index (SAI). The laser group performed better in all parameters except change in SRI. Results of the laser versus the mechanical spreader were as follows: reduction in spherical equivalent refraction (3.98 vs 2.96), change in average K (2.91 vs 2.52), improvement in UCVA (4.13 vs 3.63), improvement in BSCVA (3.92 vs 1.63), change in SRI (0.37 vs 0.64), and change in SAI (1.00 vs 0.70). Statistical analysis, however, did not reveal any statistically significant differences between the two groups for any single parameter studied. The biggest improvement in the laser group versus the mechanical group was BSCVA (P=. 09). Overall success, defined as contact lens or spectacles tolerance, was 85% in the laser group and 70% in the mechanical group.
CONCLUSIONS: Inserting INTACS using the femtosecond laser to create the channels is as effective as using the mechanical spreader. [J Refract Surg. 2006;22:764-771.]
Artisan Phakic Intraocular Lens Implantation After Retinal Detachment Surgery
Authors: Chung J K , Lee Jae Bum , Lee Sung Jin 
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To report three cases of Artisan phakic intraocular lens (PIOL) implantation to correct myopic refractive error after previous retinal detachment surgery treated with scleral encircling.
METHODS: Artisan PIOLs were implanted in a 29-year-old man with -21.0 -2.0 × 180 manifest refraction and best spectaclecorrected visual acuity (BSCVA) of 20/40 (case 1), a 28-year-old woman with BSCVA of 20/20 and -8.5 -1.0 × 180 manifest refraction (case 2), and a 44-year-old man with BSCVA of 20/32 and -11.75 -1.75 × 10 manifest refraction (case 3).
RESULTS: In case 1, 24 months after implantation of the Artisan PIOL, uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) was 20/40. In case 2, 24 months after surgery, UCVA was 20/32. In case 3, 3 months after surgery, UCVA was 20/32. There was no formation of new breaks, progressive vitreoretinal traction, or complications.
CONCLUSIONS: The Artisan PIOL may provide an alternative method to correct high myopia after retinal detachment surgery. [J Refract Surg. 2006;22:820-823.]
Ce que la mondialisation fait au terrain
Authors: Despres Altaïr 
Published: December 2018

Les travaux méthodologiques consacrés à l’étude de la mondialisation se sont souvent focalisés sur les problèmes soulevés par l’articulation du « local » et du « global », laissant de côté les enjeux concrets qui pèsent sur l’ethnographe engagé-e sur des terrains mondialisés. À partir d’un travail portant sur les artistes africains du spectacle vivant (danse contemporaine et théâtre), cet article revient sur la redéfinition des sites et modalités d’enquête qu’implique la circulation des enquêtés dans un espace transnational. Il resitue également la pratique ethnographique au sein des rapports de pouvoir qui structurent pour partie l’économie artistique internationale. La manière dont sont mises en jeu dans la relation d’enquête l’identité de genre, l’appartenance ethnique et de classe de l’ethnographe actualise les rapports de domination Nord-Sud qui traversent la pratique artistique mondialisée.
L’espace scénique du théâtrophone (1881-1930) et la figure nouvelle du spectateur-auditeur
Authors: Van Drie Melissa 
Published: December 2018

Cet article examine l’histoire du théâtrophone, premier média téléphonique à diffuser en direct une représentation musicale ou théâtrale parisienne. En explorant des archives variées, il contribue à l’étude des impacts des technologies sonores sur la création et sur la réception artistiques à la fin du xixe siècle. Plus précisément, cet article aborde les façons dont le théâtrophone a articulé un nouvel espace scénique, où la représentation est perçue uniquement par l’oreille de l’auditeur-spectateur. L’histoire du développement du média est élaborée dans diverses perspectives. Les expériences de l’écoute inédites construites par le théâtrophone (de sa première apparition dans l’espace public sur les boulevards parisiens à sa situation dans les salons des domiciles de particuliers) sont analysées en relation avec celles d’autres technologies de transduction, telles que la radio ou le phonographe.
Les années « Hoy »
Authors: Guindeuil Thomas 
Published: December 2018

Cet article interroge la fabrique du musée ethnographique universitaire (le musée de l’Institute of Ethiopian Studies) d’Addis-Abeba, en Éthiopie, en insistant notamment sur l’articulation des actions d’un homme, un étranger, Stanislaw Chojnacki, le conservateur du musée, dont le parcours éthiopien des années 1950 aux années 1970 est indissociable de l’histoire de la notion de patrimoine culturel dans ce pays. En transformant la culture matérielle éthiopienne rurale et les objets liturgiques chrétiens en pièces de musée, en définissant ces artefacts comme des biens menacés de disparition, à conserver pour l’étude et à exposer de façon rationnelle et pédagogique pour les prochaines générations, le conservateur a participé, sous le regard attentif des autorités impériales de l’époque, à mettre à distance la « tradition » dans une période marquée par une volonté affichée de modernisation politique et institutionnelle.
Enjeux cognitifs des métaphores physiques dans le processus créatif d’Hèctor Parra
Authors: Besada José Luis 
Published: December 2018

Peut-on parler d’une pensée musicale autonome par rapport à d’autres domaines mentaux chez l’être humain ? Nombreuses évidences ont déjà pointé vers une réponse négative, et les résultats de notre étude visent à renforcer cette hypothèse. En particulier, nous avons scruté la manière dont certaines idées empruntées à la physique ont eu un rôle décisif dans les pratiques musicales du compositeur catalan Hèctor Parra. À cet égard, nous avons analysé deux types de traces pré-compositionnelles : d’une part, les esquisses du compositeur surgies pendant l’écriture de ses pièces String Trio et Caressant l’horizon ; d’autre part, nous avons suivi les rencontres de Parra avec l’astrophysicien Jean-Pierre Luminet et avec Thomas Goepfer, réalisateur en informatique musicale, afin de composer une nouvelle œuvre. Pour cela, nous avons eu recours à plusieurs théories de la psychologie et de la linguistique cognitives proposant des modèles qui décrivent les fondements mentaux d’une pensée métaphorique.
Fenêtres ethnographiques sur les scènes et les coulisses d’une fête politique au Mexique
Authors: Métais Julie 
Published: December 2018

Objet déjà largement investi par les sciences sociales, notamment l’histoire et l’anthropologie, les festivités annuelles de la Guelaguetza de Oaxaca ont été appréhendées – en partie à raison – en termes de manifestation rituelle (ou ritualisée) d’une part, d’invention des traditions d’autre part. Dans cet article, je propose de réinvestir l’analyse de ces festivités au regard d’un contexte politique renouvelé, conflictuel, m’intéressant aux enjeux de pouvoir qui traversent cet épisode festif local. Pour ce faire, je montre qu’une ethnographie attentive non seulement aux scènes, mais encore aux « coulisses », à la diversité des temps et espaces sociaux en jeu, est nécessaire et heuristique. Elle permet, par exemple, de s’attacher aux liens et circulations entre espaces politiques locaux, également de repenser les chronologies habituellement mobilisées pour rendre compte de la Guelaguetza.
Le paradoxe Iwanami, ou l’invention des auteurs
Authors: Capel Mathieu 
Published: December 2018

Les films d’utilité – éducatif, scientifique ou d’entreprise – semblent pour la plupart éconduire la notion d’auteur, à quelques célèbres exceptions près (Jean-Luc Godard, Alain Resnais, Carl Theodor Dreyer). Toutefois, l’histoire du cinéma japonais invite à tempérer ce jugement, comme le suggère l’exemple des studios Iwanami Films où, au cours des années 1950, se sont formés certains des cinéastes les plus importants de la décennie « nouvelle vague » (Hani Susumu, Kuroki Kazuo, Tsuchimoto Noriaki et d’autres). Ce texte entend saisir ainsi les raisons d’un tel paradoxe. Sans doute les circonstances de la naissance des studios Iwanami fournissent-elles quelques éléments d’explication. Mais leur spécificité ne se comprend vraiment qu’à s’envisager dans un contexte plus large : il faut en effet saisir leurs liens avec les films culturels des temps de guerre, comme avec la politique de l’occupant américain de 1945 à 1952, puis, à partir de 1955, avec l’action des grands groupes industriels qui président à la reconstruction du Japon.
Tiger rituals and beliefs in shamanic Tungus-Manchu cultures
Authors: Bulgakova Tatiana 
Published: December 2018

Cet article propose une analyse comparative synchronique et diachronique des rituels et des croyances liés au tigre chez les peuples toungouso-mandchous. Ces peuples chamanistes traitent les tigres comme des humains et croient en leur extraordinaire capacité à agir comme tel. Selon les conceptions chamaniques, de tels comportements chez les tigres peuvent s’expliquer par le fait que, en tant que dangereux prédateurs, les tigres peuvent aisément devenir «  spirituellement chargés  ». Les esprits possédant les tigres sont censés obtenir certaines caractéristiques de leur apparence. Longtemps après avoir quitté le corps des animaux, ces esprits ont la capacité de se rendre visibles sous l’apparence de tigres. Avec la migration contemporaine vers les villes, les nouveaux chamanes urbains toungouso-mandchous commencent à considérer qu’en plus des éléments naturels, certaines composantes de la «  culture urbaine  » sont aussi possédées par des esprits. Il semble que ce ne soit pas tant la forme extérieure des éléments spirituellement chargés qui soit importante pour les néo-chamanes, mais plutôt les esprits eux-mêmes.
Critical Adverse Impact of IL-6 in Acute Pneumovirus Infection
Authors: Percopo Caroline M. , Ma Michelle , Brenner Todd A. , Krumholz Julia O. , Break Timothy J. , Laky Karen , Rosenberg Helene F. 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Severe respiratory virus infections feature robust local host responses that contribute to disease severity. Immunomodulatory strategies that limit virus-induced inflammation may be of critical importance, notably in the absence of antiviral vaccines. In this study, we examined the role of the pleiotropic cytokine IL-6 in acute infection with pneumonia virus of mice (PVM), a natural rodent pathogen that is related to respiratory syncytial virus and that generates local inflammation as a feature of severe infection. In contrast to Influenza A, PVM is substantially less lethal in IL-6−/− mice than it is in wild-type, a finding associated with diminished neutrophil recruitment and reduced fluid accumulation in lung tissue. Ly6Chi proinflammatory monocytes are recruited in response to PVM via a CCR2-dependent mechanism, but they are not a major source of IL-6 nor do they contribute to lethal sequelae of infection. By contrast, alveolar macrophages are readily infected with PVM in vivo; ablation of alveolar macrophages results in prolonged survival in association with a reduction in virus-induced IL-6. Finally, as shown previously, administration of immunobiotic Lactobacillus plantarum to the respiratory tracts of PVM-infected mice promoted survival in association with diminished levels of IL-6. We demonstrated in this study that IL-6 suppression is a critical feature of the protective mechanism; PVM-infected IL-6−/− mice responded to low doses of L. plantarum, and administration of IL-6 overcame L. plantarum–mediated protection in PVM-infected wild-type mice. Taken together, these results connect the actions of IL-6 to PVM pathogenesis and suggest cytokine blockade as a potential therapeutic modality in severe infection.
Costimulation through TLR2 Drives Polyfunctional CD8+ T Cell Responses
Authors: Salerno Fiamma , Freen-van Heeren Julian J. , Guislain Aurelie , Nicolet Benoit P. , Wolkers Monika C. 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Optimal T cell activation requires Ag recognition through the TCR, engagement of costimulatory molecules, and cytokines. T cells can also directly recognize danger signals through the expression of TLRs. Whether TLR ligands have the capacity to provide costimulatory signals and enhance Ag-driven T cell activation is not well understood. In this study, we show that TLR2 and TLR7 ligands potently lower the Ag threshold for cytokine production in T cells. To investigate how TLR triggering supports cytokine production, we adapted the protocol for flow cytometry–based fluorescence in situ hybridization to mouse T cells. The simultaneous detection of cytokine mRNA and protein with single-cell resolution revealed that TLR triggering primarily drives de novo mRNA transcription. Ifng mRNA stabilization only occurs when the TCR is engaged. TLR2-, but not TLR7-mediated costimulation, can enhance mRNA stability at low Ag levels. Importantly, TLR2 costimulation increases the percentage of polyfunctional T cells, a hallmark of potent T cell responses. In conclusion, TLR-mediated costimulation effectively potentiates T cell effector function to suboptimal Ag levels.
NOTCH Activation at the Hematovascular Mesoderm Stage Facilitates Efficient Generation of T Cells with High Proliferation Potential from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells
Authors: Kumar Akhilesh , Lee Jeong Hee , Suknuntha Kran , D’Souza Saritha S. , Thakur Abir S. , Slukvin Igor I. 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) offer the potential to serve as a versatile and scalable source of T cells for immunotherapies, which could be coupled with genetic engineering technologies to meet specific clinical needs. To improve T cell production from hPSCs, it is essential to identify cell subsets that are highly enriched in T cell progenitors and those stages of development at which NOTCH activation induces the most potent T cells. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy of T cell production from cell populations isolated at different stages of hematopoietic differentiation, including mesoderm, hemogenic endothelium (HE), and multipotent hematopoietic progenitors. We demonstrate that KDRhiCD31− hematovascular mesodermal progenitors (HVMPs) with definitive hematopoietic potential produce the highest numbers of T cells when cultured on OP9-DLL4 as compared with downstream progenitors, including HE and multipotent hematopoietic progenitors. In addition, we found that T cells generated from HVMPs have the capacity to expand for 6–7 wk in vitro, in comparison with T cells generated from HE and hematopoietic progenitors, which could only be expanded for 4–5 wk. Demonstrating the critical need of NOTCH activation at the HVMP stage of hematopoietic development to establish robust T cell production from hPSCs may aid in establishing protocols for the efficient off-the-shelf production and expansion of T cells for treating hematologic malignancies.
Prevention of mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis B virus in Burkina Faso: Screening, vaccination and evaluation of post-vaccination antibodies against hepatitis B surface antigen in newborns
Authors: Yelemkoure Edwige T. , Yonli Albert T. , Montesano Carla , Ouattara Abdoul Karim , Diarra Birama , Zohoncon Théodora M. , Nadembega Christelle W.M. , Ouedraogo Paul , Sombié Charles , Soubeiga Serge Theophile , Tao Issoufou , Gansane Adama , Amicosante Massimo , Djigma Florencia , Obiri-Yeboah Dorcas , Pietra Virginio , Simpore Jacques , Colizzi Vittorio 
Published: December 2018

The low rate of screening for hepatitis B virus (HBV) in pregnant women is a highrisk factor for its vertical transmission. The objectives of this study were: i) to screen pregnant women for HBV infection; ii) vaccinate all children from birth against HBV regardless their mother HBV status; and iii) evaluate after 7 months of birth the level of their AbHBs among babies who received HBV vaccine at birth. Serological markers of HBV (HBsAg, HBeAg, AbHBs, AbHBe, and AbHBc) were determined on venous blood samples from 237 pregnant women and their children using the Abon Biopharm Kit. One hundred and two (102) children received the three doses of the EUVAX B® vaccine respectively at birth, two months and four months of life. Seven months after delivery, venous blood samples were collected from mothers and their children. Antibodies against hepatitis B surface antigen (AbHBs) were measured in vaccinated children using the ELISA Kit AbHBs Quantitative EIA. DNA extraction was performed on samples from HBV-seropositive mothers and their children using the Ribo Virus (HBV Real-TM Qual) Kit and for Real Time PCR, the HBV Real-TM Qual Kit was used. Serological diagnosis in pregnant women revealed 22 (9.28%) hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) positive samples of which 21 were positive for viral DNA by real-time PCR. Among the 22 HBsAg+ women, five (05) transmitted the virus to their children with a vertical transmission rate of 22.73%. A transmission rate of 23.81% (5/21) was found with the PCR method. Analysis of AbHBs levels revealed that 98.31% of the children had an average concentration of 218.07 ± 74.66 IU/L, which is well above the minimum threshold for protection (11 IU/L). This study has confirmed that vertical transmission of HBV is a reality in Burkina Faso and that vaccination at birth would significantly reduce this transmission.
The effect of self-efficacy and outcome expectation on medication adherence behaviour
Authors: Okuboyejo Senanu , Mbarika Victor , Omoregbe Nicholas 
Published: December 2018

Medication adherence still ranks as a big challenge for clinicians and health workers. Based on a social learning theoretical framework, this study explores the adoption of patient adherence, medication adherence as a catalyst for improving the health and quality of life of individuals in Nigeria. Structural Equation Modelling technique was used to analyze the empirical data obtained. SLT variables including self-efficacy and outcome expectation were tested against medication adherence behavior. The constructs are related and positively correlated except definition which is contrary to previous researches. The research discusses these findings while also highlighting the implications for practice and policy.
Satellite-based estimate of the variability of warm cloud properties associated with aerosol and meteorological conditions
Authors: Liu Yuqin , Zhang Jiahua , Zhou Putian , Lin Tao , Hong Juan , Shi Lamei , Yao Fengmei , Wu Jun , Guo Huadong , de Leeuw Gerrit 
Published: December 2018

Abstract. Aerosol–cloud interaction (ACI) is examined using 10 years of
data from the MODIS/Terra (morning orbit) and MODIS/Aqua (afternoon orbit)
satellites. Aerosol optical depth (AOD) and cloud properties retrieved from
both sensors are used to explore in a statistical sense the
morning-to-afternoon variation of cloud properties in conditions with low
and high AOD, over both land and ocean. The results show that the
interaction between aerosol particles and clouds is more complex and of
greater uncertainty over land than over ocean. The variation in
d(Cloud_X), defined as the mean change in cloud property
Cloud_X between the morning and afternoon overpasses in
high-AOD conditions minus that in low-AOD conditions, is different over land and
ocean. This applies to cloud droplet effective radius (CDR), cloud fraction
(CF) and cloud top pressure (CTP), but not to cloud optical thickness (COT)
and cloud liquid water path (CWP). Both COT and CWP increase over land and
ocean after the time step, irrespective of the AOD. However, the initial AOD
conditions can affect the amplitude of variation of COT and CWP. The effects
of initial cloud fraction and meteorological conditions on the change in CF
under low- and high-AOD conditions after the 3 h time step over land are
also explored. Two cases are considered: (1) when the cloud cover increases
and (2) when the cloud cover decreases. For both cases, we find that almost all
values of d(CF) are positive, indicating that the variations of CF are
larger in high AOD than that in low AOD after the 3 h time step. The
results also show that a large increase in cloud fraction occurs when scenes
experience large AOD and stronger upward motion of air parcels. Furthermore,
the increase rate of cloud cover is larger for high AOD with increasing relative humidity
(RH) when RH is larger than 20 %. We also find that a smaller increase in cloud
fraction occurs when scenes experience larger AOD and larger initial cloud
cover. Overall, the analysis of the diurnal variation of cloud properties
provides a better understanding of aerosol–cloud interaction over land and
ocean.