bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Implementation of Multicultural Education in Unschooling and its Potential
Authors: Chase Sarah Lee , Morrison Kristan 
Published: October 2018

Unschooling is a form of homeschooling in which parents allow children to self-direct their education. To determine if there was any evidence of unschoolers attending to the goals of multicultural education, we conducted a content analysis of a germinal resource—the 1977-1981 issues of Growing Without Schooling (GWS). Our analysis revealed that, in the early years, the content of this magazine depicted some degree of exposure to issues of oppression related to race, gender, and social class, but relatively rare engagement from the perspective of the marginalized, and minimal focus on taking social action to mitigate societal inequities.
Análise dos Resultados do Exame Nacional de Desempenho de Estudantes (Enade) para Educação a Distância do ciclo 2015 a 2017
Authors: Bielschowsky Carlos Eduardo 
Published: October 2018

Em 2017 completamos um primeiro ciclo de três anos do Exame Nacional de Desempenho de Estudantes (Enade), o que envolve todas as carreiras, com 175.543 alunos participantes de 877 cursos de Educação a Distância (EaD), pertencendo a um total de 144 diferentes instituições de Ensino Superior.Observou-se forte crescimento do número de polos entre 2016 e 2017, tendência que provavelmente irá se sustentar em 2018. Alguns fatos foram especialmente notórios: o baixo crescimento das matrículas nas universidades públicas, quando comparado ao crescimento nas instituições de Ensino Superior (IES) privadas; grande concentração de matrículas (56,2%) em apenas cinco das 257 IES públicas e privadas que oferecem Ensino Superior a distância. Observou-se bom desempenho geral das IES que oferecem (EaD), mas baixo desempenho percentual dos alunos, advindos da concentração de alunos em poucas IES com baixo desempenho no Enade. Ao final deste trabalho, relacionamos os principais problemas identificados pela ausência do processo de supervisão dos cursos de EaD, incluindo a necessidade de uma medida mais adequada para avaliar o seu desempenho, e advogamos outras ações urgentes para sanear as distorções encontradas nesta modalidade.Palavras-chave: Educação superior a distância, Qualidade na educação, Avaliação educacional, Enade, CPC, CGC. Analysis of the Results of the National Exam for the Performance of Students for Distance Education from the 2015 to 2017 CycleAbstractIn 2017 we completed a first cycle of three years of National Student Performance Test (Enade), which involves all careers, with 175,543 participating students in 877 Distance Education courses, belonging to a total of 144 different institutions of Higher Education . There was a strong increase in the number of poles between 2016 and 2017, a trend that is likely to be sustained in 2018. Some facts were especially noteworthy: low enrollment growth in public universities,when compared to growth in higher education institutions (HEI) private partnerships; (56.2%) in only five of the 257 public and private HEIs offering Distance Higher Education. A good general performance of HEIs offered (EaD) was observed, but low percentage performance of students, due to the concentration of students in a few HEIs with poor performance in Enade.At the end of this paper, we relate the main problems identified by the absence of the supervision process of the EAD courses, including the need for a more adequate measure to evaluate their performance, and advocate other urgent actions to remedy the distortions found in this modality. Keywords: Higher distance Education, Quality in education,Educational evaluation, Enade, CPC, CGC.
In silico analysis of different signal peptides to discover a panel of appropriate signal peptides for secretory production of Interferon-beta 1b in Escherichia coli
Authors: Ghovvati Shahrokh , Pezeshkian Zahra , Mirhoseini Seyed Ziaeddin 
Published: October 2018

Signal peptides (SPs) are one of the most important factors for suitable secretion of the recombinant heterologous proteins in Escherichia coli (E. coli). The objective of this study was to identify a panel of signal peptides (among the 90 biologically active SPs) required for the secretory production of interferon-beta 1b (IFN-beta 1b) recombinant protein into the periplasmic space of E. coli host. In the initial step, after predicting the accurate locations of the cleavage sites of signal peptides and their discrimination scores using SignalP 4.1 server, 31 SPs were eliminated from further analysis because their discrimination scores were less than 0.5 or their cleavage sites were inappropriately located. Therefore, only 59 SPs could be theoretically applied to secrete IFN-beta 1b into the periplasmic space of E. coli. The physico-chemical and the solubility properties, which are necessary parameters for selecting appropriate SPs, were predicted using ProtParam and SOLpro servers using the 59 remaining signal peptides. The final subcellular localization of IFN-beta 1b in combination with different SPs was predicted using ProtComB server. Consequently, according to the ranking of 59 confirmed SPs, the obtained results revealed that SPs Flagellar P-ring protein (flgI), Glucan1,3-beta-glucosidase I/II (EXG1) and outer membrane protein C (OmpC) were theoretically the most potentand desirable SPs for secretion of recombinant IFN-beta 1b into the periplasmic space of E. coli. For further studies in the future, the experimental investigations on the obtained results will be considered.
Ozonoterapia na Osteoartrose do Joelho: Revisão Sistemática
Authors: Costa Tiago , Rodrigues-Manica Santiago , Lopes Carina , Gomes João , Marona José , Falcão Sandra , Branco Jaime 
Published: October 2018

Introdução: O presente estudo teve por objetivo realizar uma revisão sistemática de forma a analisar a eficácia da ozonoterapia na osteoartrose do joelho. Os objetivos visaram avaliar o efeito temporal da ozonoterapia na dor no joelho, na melhoria funcional e na progressão radiográfica.Material e Métodos: Realizou-se uma pesquisa nas bases de dados PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Scopus e Web of Science a fim de identificar estudos aleatorizados e controlados que tratassem dessa associação. Utilizaram-se os seguintes descritores em língua inglesa: ‘ozone therapy’, ‘knee osteoarthritis’. Realizou-se um resumo descritivo e avaliação de qualidade de todos os estudos incluídos para análise.Resultados: Identificaram-se seis estudos aleatorizados e controlados relacionados com o objetivo deste trabalho. A avaliação do risco de viés mostrou que um estudo foi considerado como risco moderado de viés e os restantes como risco alto de viés. Não se realizou a análise quantitativa dos dados pois os estudos incluídos não foram suficientemente homogéneos. Os participantes dos estudos eram em geral doentes idosos com osteoartrose do joelho leve a moderada.Discussão: A variabilidade nas intervenções de ozonoterapia e comparadores, demonstra que não existe uma terapêutica estandardizada. Foram poucos os estudos que relataram os efeitos adversos, e quando aconteceu, estes eram ligeiros e associados ao procedimento.Conclusão: A ozonoterapia mostrou eficácia a curto prazo, em relação ao placebo e quando combinada com ácido hialurónico, sem ser promissora em relação aos restantes tratamentos vigentes. É importante que novos estudos aleatorizados e controlados avaliem os benefícios/riscos da ozonoterapia tanto a curto como a médio/longo prazo.
Validation of the Portuguese Version of the Postoperative Quality Recovery Scale (PostopQRS)
Authors: Biscaia André , Amorim Pedro , Esteves Simão , Lagarto Filipa , Gomes Blandina , Bismarck José , Rodrigues Nuno , Nogueira Mafalda , Royse Colin F. 
Published: October 2018

Introduction: The Postoperative Quality Recovery Scale is a brief instrument of six domains designed to assess quality of recovery from early to long term after surgery. This study aims to validate the Portuguese version of the Postoperative Quality Recovery Scale.Material and Methods: In this observational study 101 adult patients undergoing elective surgery completed the Postoperative Quality Recovery Scale at 15 minutes and 40 minutes, one and three days after surgery. Three constructs were assessed for validity: increased recovery over time; effect of gender and recovery association with muscle strength. Reliability, responsiveness, feasibility and acceptability were also assessed.Results: Construct validity was shown by increased recovery over time; worse recovery for female patients in emotive, nociceptive, activities of daily living and overall recovery; improved muscle strength in recovered patients. Internal consistency for activities of daily living was acceptable at all-time points (Cronbach’s α value of 0.772 or higher), indicating scale reliability. The scale was able to detect differences in postoperative quality of recovery between the neuromuscular blockade reversal agents, neostigmine and sugammadex, indicating scale responsiveness. The time to conduct the Portuguese version at baseline was 95 - 581 seconds (median 319 seconds) and it was reduced with subsequent assessments. The proportion of patients completing all scale items was 87%, 75%, 65% and 94% for the four time periods evaluated, indicating scale feasibility and acceptability.Discussion: This study shows that the Portuguese version of the Postoperative Quality Recovery Scale, demonstrates construct validity, reliability, responsiveness, feasibility and acceptability.Conclusions: This study allowed validation of the Portuguese version of the Postoperative Quality Recovery Scale.
Consensus Protocol for the Treatment of Super-Refractory Status Epilepticus
Authors: Gomes Daniel , Pimentel José , Bentes Carla , Aguiar de Sousa Diana , Antunes Ana Patrícia , Alvarez António , Silva Zélia Costa e 
Published: October 2018

Introduction: Super-refractory status epilepticus is defined as status epilepticus that persists or recurs 24 hours after anaesthetic therapy onset or after its withdrawal. It is mostly found in intensive care units and carries high mortality but good long-term prognosis for those who survive. In contrast with the initial phases of status epilepticus, treatment lacks strong scientific evidence and is mostly derived from case reports or small case series.Objective: To propose a protocol for the treatment of super-refractory status epilepticus in level III intensive care units, focusing on the treatment strategies to control clinical and/or electroencephalographic epileptic activity.Material and Methods: Narrative review of the literature by PubMed search. Available evidence was discussed in consensus meetings by intensive care and neurology experts’ from a level III intensive care unit and one of the Portuguese reference centres for the treatment of refractory epilepsy, respectively.Results: Anaesthetics with the highest level of evidence are propofol, midazolam, thiopental and ketamine. These represent the basis of the treatment of super-refractory status epilepticus and should be used in combination with antiepileptic drugs. The level of evidence for the latter is lower, however, levetiracetam, topiramate, pregabalin, lacosamide, valproic acid, phenytoin and perampanel may be recommended. Alternative therapeutic strategies with very low level of evidence are recommended in cases of total absence of clinical response, such as magnesium sulphate, pyridoxine, ketogenic diet, therapeutic hypothermia and immunosupression.Conclusion: We propose a treatment protocol based on a sequential combination of anaesthetics, anti-epileptic drugs and alternative therapies. Strategies to evaluate treatment response and to wean drugs based on clinical results are also proposed.
Parque Municipal Salto da Pedreira em Rio Azul, PR: uma proposta de reestruturação do circuito de trilhas
Authors: Sakowicz Janaina , Maganhotto Ronaldo Ferreira 
Published: October 2018

Este trabalho apresenta uma proposta de melhorias na infraestrutura das trilhas do Parque Municipal Salto da Pedreira, no município de Rio Azul, estado do Paraná. O local é público, o uso do mesmo e de seus recursos incluindo as trilhas, se dá principalmente nos finais de semana. A pesquisa foi feita a partir de um estudo de caso com observação do lugar, e das duas trilhas existentes, a fim de se saber como se dá o uso destas bem como seu estado de conservação. A partir dessas observações, são apresentadas nos resultados propostas de melhorias para os pontos mais críticos dos traçados.
Etnomedisin masyarakat Warsamdin, Kepulauan Raja Ampat, Papua Barat
Authors: Sudarmono Sudarmono 
Published: October 2018

Waigeo Island people in Warsamdin Village are remote from the West Papua mainland. But now transportation is easier after becoming a maritime tourism destination for the international community and traditional influences turn out to be modern as is the use of traditional medicine. Traditional knowledge about medicines still relies naturally on utilizing medicinal plants. This study aims to explore the potential of medicinal plants in the Warsamdin community, Waigeo Island, West Papua for generations. The method used by interviewing indigenous elders known as Old Man is either the local name of a medicinal plant, how to use it and as a traditional medicine and traced the morphology of the plant species. Local names are some commonly used species, namely Min ikanu (Morinda citryfolia), Kanaul leaves (Hibiscus sp), Deawas (Psidium guava), red fruit (Pandanus conoideus), Kokanu kaluku, Kiom ikanui, Umare ukani, Bim ikani, Wit ikani , Kokanu matalu. Kabaji and Gaviol. Knowledge of medicinal plants is a knowledge gained through the use of local customs that are descended from the origin of the tribe from Biak Island. These limitations are also influenced by the species of medicinal plants available in the area. The role of medicinal plants is still believed to be able to cure diseases and help cure pain.

Key words: etnomedicine, Warsamdin village, Waigeo island, Raja Ampat, West Papua
Sewage-specific enterococcal bacteriophages and multiple water quality parameters for coastal water quality assessment
Authors: Kongprajug Akechai , Booncharoen Namfon , Jantakee Kanyaluck , Chyerochana Natcha , Mongkolsuk Skorn , Sirikanchana Kwanrawee 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Coastal water quality is deteriorating worldwide. Water quality monitoring is therefore essential for public health risk evaluation and the management of water bodies. This study investigated the feasibility of using bacteriophages of Enterococcus faecalis as sewage-specific faecal indicators, together with physicochemical (dissolved oxygen, pH, temperature and total suspended solids) and biological parameters, to assess coastal water quality using multivariate analysis incorporating non-detects. The principal component and cluster analyses demonstrated that coastal water quality was mostly influenced by biological parameters, including Escherichia coli and total coliforms, which were found in all 31 sampling sites, and enterococci, which was found in all but two sampling sites. The enterococcal bacteriophages AIM06 and SR14 were detected in 17 and 18 samples at concentrations up to 1,815 and 2,790 PFU/100 mL, respectively. Both bacteriophages co-presented in approximately 80% of phage-positive samples, and the concentrations at each site were not significantly different. Overall, either bacteriophage could be used to differentiate high- and low-level coastal water pollution, as grouped by cluster analysis. This study is the first to investigate the suitability of sewage-specific bacteriophages of E. faecalis for monitoring coastal water quality and emphasises the importance of a multivariate analysis with non-detects to facilitate coastal water quality monitoring and management.
Animal Venom Peptides as a Treasure Trove for New Therapeutics Against Neurodegenerative Disorders
Authors: Yang Xinwang , Wang Ying , Wu Chunyun , Ling Eng-Ang 
Published: October 2018

Background:Neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and cerebral ischemic stroke, impose enormous socio-economic burdens on both patients and health-care systems. However, drugs targeting these diseases remain unsatisfactory, and hence there is an urgent need for the development of novel and potent drug candidates.Methods:Animal toxins exhibit rich diversity in both proteins and peptides, which play vital roles in biomedical drug development. As a molecular tool, animal toxin peptides have not only helped clarify many critical physiological processes but also led to the discovery of novel drugs and clinical therapeutics.Results:Recently, toxin peptides identified from venomous animals, e.g. exenatide, ziconotide, Hi1a, and PcTx1 from spider venom, have been shown to block specific ion channels, alleviate inflammation, decrease protein aggregates, regulate glutamate and neurotransmitter levels, and increase neuroprotective factors.Conclusion:Thus, components of venom hold considerable capacity as drug candidates for the alleviation or reduction of neurodegeneration. This review highlights studies evaluating different animal toxins, especially peptides, as promising therapeutic tools for the treatment of different neurodegenerative diseases and disorders.
Lemon Juice Mediated Reaction under Ultrasound Irradiation: Synthesis of Indolofuroquinoxalines as Potential Anticancer Agents
Authors: Prasanna Gutta Lakshmi , Rao Bodapati Veera Durga , Reddy Alugubelli Gopi , Rao Mandava V. Basaveswara , Pal Manojit 
Published: October 2018

Background:
A non-hazardous synthetic methodology has been developed for the preparation
of compounds based on indolofuroquinoxaline framework. Lemon juice that is known to play the
role of a biocatalyst in various organic reactions was used for this purpose.

Method:
A number of indolofuroquinoxaline derivatives were prepared via the lemon juice mediated
condensation of methyl 2-(2-chloro-1H-indol-3-yl)-2-oxoacetate or its N-alkyl derivatives with 1,2-
diamines under ultrasound irradiation. All the synthesized compounds were screened via an MTT assay
for their potential anticancer properties in vitro using a number of cancer cell lines including
MDA-MB 231, and MCF7, K562, Colo-205 and IMR-32 and the non-cancerous HEK293 cell line.
Compounds 3a, 3b and 3c showed promising growth inhibition against K562, MDA-MB 231 and
MCF7 cell lines but no significant effects on HEK293 cell line suggesting their selectivity towards
cancer cells.

Results and Conclusion:
Moreover, according to their IC50 values, all these compounds appeared to be
relatively more potent towards K562 cell line over MDA-MB 231 and MCF7 cell lines indicating their
potential against leukemia.
New Efavirenz Derivatives and 1,2,3-Triazolyl-phosphonates as Inhibitors of Reverse Transcriptase of HIV-1
Authors: Costa Carolina C.P. , Boechat Nubia , Bastos Monica M. , da Silva Fernando de C. , Marttorelli Andressa , Souza Thiago M.L. , Baptista Mayara S. , Hoelz Lucas V.B. , Cafffarena Ernesto R. 
Published: October 2018

Background:
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), the fight against Acquired
Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is still one of the most significant challenges facing humanity.
Worldwide, it is estimated that 36.7 million people are infected by the Human Immunodeficiency
Virus (HIV). Despite the variety of available drugs, the search for new enzymatic inhibitors of
HIV is still important due to the presence of adverse effects and the development of resistant strains.
Therefore, the present study aimed to design, synthesize, and biologically evaluate novel inhibitors of
HIV Reverse Transcriptase (RT).

Materials and Methods:
These compounds were obtained in two series, and compounds in both series
contain a 1,2,3-triazole ring in their structures. The compounds in the first series are Efavirenz (EFV)
analogues with the N-1 position substituted by another important fragment as described in the medicinal
chemistry literature on anti-HIV drugs. The second series has a phosphonate chain similar to that in the
structure of Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate (TDF).

Results and Conclusion:
The results of the biological evaluation showed that all compounds presented
high RT inhibition values and lower or comparable inhibitory concentrations (the concentration needed
to reduce the enzymatic activity by 50%, IC50 values, 0.8-1.9 µM). Among the compounds in the first
series, the three with the lowest IC50 values had values between 0.8-0.9 µM, and of those in the second
series, the most potent had an IC50 value of 1.1 µM; compounds in both series were equipotent to TDF
(1.2 µM). Thus, the new compounds could be considered lead compounds for the development of new
antiretroviral compounds.
Molecular Ionic Liquid Supported on Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles-Imprinted Iron Metal: A Recyclable Heterogeneous Catalyst for One-Pot, Three-Component Synthesis of a Library of Benzodiazepines
Authors: Nejadshafiee Vajihe , Naeimi Hossein 
Published: October 2018

Aim and Objective: A novel and convenient transformation for the synthesis of benzodiazepines has
been developed via catalytic cyclization reaction using ionic liquid supported on mesoporous silica nanoparticles-
imprinted iron metal (Fe-MCM-41-IL) as a recyclable catalyst under mild conditions.

Materials and Methods:
For preparation of Fe-MCM-41-IL, FeCl3·6H2O was added to a mixture of distilled
water, CTAB and NaOH aqueous solution. The tetraethyl orthosilicate was dropped into the solution under stirring.
The product was separated, washed, and dried. The solid product was collected and calcined. Then, to a
solution of β-hydroxy-1,2,3-triazole in toluene, 3-chloropropyltrimethoxysilane was added and the mixture was
refluxed. The Conc. H2SO4 was added dropwise into the above solution and stirred. For immobilization of IL
onto Fe-MCM-41, the solution IL was added to Fe-MCM-41 and was refluxed for the production of the Fe-
MCM-41. Following this, benzodiazepines were synthesized using Fe-MCM-41-IL as a catalyst.
</P><P>
Results: The Fe-MCM-41-IL was prepared and characterized by a different analysis. The activity of the prepared
catalyst as the above described was tested in the model reaction of o-phenyldiamine, tetronic acid, and
different aldehydes under room temperature in ethanol solvent. Also, the catalyst could be recovered for five
cycles.

Conclusion:
We developed a novel nanocatalyst for the synthesis of benzodiazepines in excellent yields. Fe-
MCM-41-IL as a catalyst has advantages such as: environmental friendliness, reusability and easy recovery of
the catalyst using an external magnet.
Synthesis, Antibacterial Activity and Molecular Docking of Phospholidinones in Stigmastane Series
Authors: Khan Azhar U. , Alam Mahboob , Park Soonheum , Dwivedi Poonam , Sharma Sunil K. , Jain Sapna 
Published: October 2018

<P>Introduction: Steroid compounds are widely distributed in nature throughout scientific history.
Living organisms such as animals and vegetables have steroids that show a significant effect on their vital
activities. Sterols are key components of all eukaryotic cell membranes.

Methods:
Steroidal compounds; 3β-oxo-[1’,3’,2’-oxathiaphos-phalidine-2’-one] stigmast-5-ene and 3β-
oxo[1`,3`,2`-dioxaphosphalidine-2`-one]-stigmast-5-ene were successfully prepared using easily
accessible 3β-hydroxy stigmast-5-ene with phosphorous oxychloride (POCl3), 2-
mercaptoethanol/ethylene glycol and triethylamine (Et3N) in dry diethyl ether. Products were obtained in
semi-solid state and characterized using physicochemical techniques.

Results:
The results of the bioassay showed that the synthesized compound containing the sulfur atom had
antibacterial activity. Molecular docking was also done in order to show in silico antibacterial activity and
to make out the probable binding mode of compound with the amino acid residues of protein.

Conclusion:
The results of the docking study showed that synthesized compound 2 had minimal binding
energy with substantial affinity for the active site.</P>