bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
IMPACT OF THE FACTORS OF THE REGIONAL MARKET MARINE PASSENGER TRANSPORTATION ON THE ACTIVITY OF THE SHIPPING COMPANY
Authors: Steba A.A. , Mikhailova Yu.V. 
Published: December 2018

Transport is one of the most important factors influencing the level of socio-economic development. Despite the increase in volume shipping needs of the population in such traffic are not met in full. The problem turn linked to the absence or lack of understanding of the functioning of the transport system in general and the marine passenger AI component and lack of knowledge about the economic aspects of its existence.
Lack of understanding of the principles of the regional market of maritime passenger transport and uncertainty factors that market has a negative impact on the organization and the management of shipping companies.
In the article the concept of regional market of maritime passenger transport is revealed. Market factors affecting the activities of shipping companies. Done grouping on the basis of factors. The character of influence factors on various aspects of the shipping company.
COMPLEX OF IMITATION DYNAMIC MODELS OPTIMIZATION OF PARAMETERS OF TECHNOLOGICAL LOAD COMPLEXES OF PORTA
Authors: Tikhonin V.I. 
Published: December 2018

Definite and analyzed factors having influence on the process of overload of loads in port and on treatment of ships and carriages. Their priority is definite. The process of functioning of technological shifting complexes (terminals) of port is described and the method of determination of their optimum parameters is offered by an imitation dynamic design.
Classification of terminals and models is offered. The basic modify parameters of models and boundary of their changes are definite. The cases of outages of transport vehicles are described. Flow-charts and algorithm of construction of simulation models are developed.
It is suggested to use principle of the «special events» and their list is definite. The basic requirements are definite by the construction of models and determination of their adequacy. The possible complex of optimization parameters of simulation model is offered.
IMITATION TECHNOLOGIES IN REMOTE TRAINING
Authors: Tusova I.A. , Chelabchi V.V. , Chelabchi V.M. 
Published: December 2018

The article gives a brief overview of the problem of creating and operating software simulators for training and advanced training.
Software simulators of technical devices are considered. Each simulator, according to the authors, should be oriented towards training users on a particular issue. This will allow the user from the list of simulators to choose the most suitable. The level of knowledge of the user should be taken into account. The author's recommendations for creating offline simulators that do not require the use of the Internet are described.
برهان أساس للفترة ] 1,1-[ لمعامل الارتباط
Authors: الغرابي سليم اسماعيل 
Published: December 2018

مفهوم معامل الارتباط كمقياس يربط بين متغيرين هذا يجلب انتباهنا إلى موضوع الإحصاء في كل المستويات. أكثر من ذلك هناك ثلاث نقاط خاصة هي اعتيادياً نشدد عليها كما يأتي:-
(1 معامل الارتباط هو الدليل المعياري والذي قيمته لا تعتمد على قياسات
المتغيرات الأصلية.
(2قيمته تقع في المدى] 1,1-[ .
(3أن مربع قيمته نصف نسبة تقليل في أحد المتغيرات بينما الآخر يبقى ثابتاً.
ولو أن هذه الخواص هي على نحو مستقيم ولو أن فئات رياضية من الطلاب ]أنظر: Mendenhall et.al.1981, chap-5 [هم غالباً يعتقدون كحقيقة
في مقدمة كثير من المواضيع خصوصاً تلك التي توجه الى الحقول التي أحصائياً هي التي تطبق.
نسبة إلى تلك الخلفية، الغرض في هذا البند هو اشتراط أساسي لبرهان أن معامل الارتباط يقع في الفقرة ] 1,1-[ بواسطة العمل مع تباينات جمع وفرق متغيرين عشوائين معيارين.
هكذا مناقشة تشترط طريقة توصل الخواص المشتركة لمعامل الارتباط
لغرض المستمعين من الطلاب.
بعض الدلالة لأجل انحدار خطى يتم إحضاره كوصف قانون معامل الارتباط لمقياس لإنقاص نسبة أمكانية التحويل.
دراسة تطبيقية لمشاكل صفوف الانتظار للمركبات في بعض محطات التعبئة لمدينة بغداد
Authors: رضا صباح منفي , ابراهيم سماهر طارق 
Published: December 2018

نظراً للظروف التي مر بها قطرنا الحبيب والتي أدت إلى وقوع العديد من الأزمات التي من أهمها أزمة الحصول على الوقود لذ لك استعملت نظرية صفوف الانتظار لحل هذه الأزمة ونظراً لارتباط هذه القضية بشكل مباشر وأساسي في الحياة اليومية .
يهدف هذا البحث إلى إجراء دراسة على بعض محطات توزيع البنزين في جانب الكرخ والرصافة لغرض تقليل وقت الانتظار و وقت الخدمة من خلال المعايير الخاصة بنظرية صفوف الانتظار والعمل على تحسين كفاءة هذه المحطات. من جانب ومن جانب أخر نعمل على تقليل كلفة المحطة وزيادة إرباحها من خلال تقليل وحدات الخدمة العاملة بحيث لايؤثر على عملية الانتظار وعلى وقت أداء الخدمة. وإمكانية تطبيق أكثر من توزيع إحصائي لبيانات معدل الوصول ومعدل الخدمة واختيار التوزيع الأفضل الذي يعطي تقليل وقت الانتظار ووقت الخدمة من خلال استعمال أساليب إحصائية لبيان سلوك البيانات (معدل الوصول ومعدل الخدمة ) ضمن التوزيعات الإحصائية التي تتماشى مع طبيعة هذه البيانات واختيار التوزيع الإحصائي الأفضل الذي يؤثر على نظرية صفوف الانتظار من خلال تقليل وقت الخدمة ووقت الانتظار. وقد تم استعمال ثلاثة مجاميع لمعرفة أفضل التوزيعات هي

بواسون مع أسي
بواسون مع ويبل
ايرلانك مع أسي

وقد خرجت الدراسة بمجموعة من الاستنتاجات منها استعمال نموذج صف الانتظار (G / G / C ) ومن خلال الواقع الحالي لمحطة الإدريسي والمستنصرية والكيلاني عملية وقت انتظار الزبون للحصول على الخدمة حيث انه لا يوجد وقت انتظار لذلك نقترح تقليل عدد الوحدات الموجودة في المحطة وبالتالي تقليل كادر العمل وبدون تأثير على وقت الانتظار بشكل ملفت للنظر لغرض المساهمة في تقليل تكلفة المحطة وزيادة الإرباح. نلاحظ من خلال مجاميع التوزيعات بان المحطات ذوات عدد الوحدات العاملة القليلة مثل محطات الكرخ (الخضراء، اليرموك، الشرطة الأولى) كانت بيانات الوصول والخدمة تتوزع حسب توزيع بواسون مع ويبل . أما المحطات ذوات عدد الوحدات العاملة الكبيرة مثل محطات الرصافة (الإدريسي، المستنصرية، الكيلاني) كانت بيانات الوصول والخدمة تتوزع حسب توزيع بواسون مع أسي وبواسون مع ويبل .
المقدرات الحصينة في التحليل العنقودي مع تطبيق عملي في مجال الفساد الاداري والمالي
Authors: محمد لقاء علي , خليل منال اسماعيل 
Published: December 2018

إن الهدف الأساس من التحليل العنقودي (العنقدة) هو تصنيف مجموعة من عناصر البيانات الى عناقيد، وقد تم استعمال التحليل العنقودي في هذا البحث بهدف ايجاد تجمعات من الدوائر الحكومية والتي تكون متجانسة فيما بينها من اجل التصنيف ولمعرفة الاقتراب بين بعض الدوائر الحكومية في موضوع الفساد الاداري والمالي وقد تم ذلك باستعمال خمس متغيرات تمثل حالات الفساد الاداري والمالي المتفشية في دوائرالدولة وقد تم اجراء التحليل العنقودي لكل نوع من هذه المتغيرات لمعرفة مدى الاقتراب بين الدوائر لكل حالة من حالات الفساد الاداري والمالي .
ان وجود المشاهدات الشاذة وتلوث بيانات الظاهرة المدروسة ادى الى نتائج غير دقيقة وهذا يبرز من خلال عملية التحليل العنقودي الذي تم اجراءه على البيانات الملوثة وهنا ظهرت الحاجة إلى طرائق تقدير كفء والتي تسمى بالطرائق الحصينة (Robust Methods) والتي تستعمل عندما تكون بيانات الظاهرة المدروسة ملوثة نتيجة وجود شواذ في المشاهدات ومن هنا جاء هدف هذا البحث في الحصول على مقدرات حصينة لغرض استعمالها في ايجاد المسافات الحصينة وبالتالي استبعاد المشاهدات الشاذة وتنظيف البيانات وقد تم ذلك باستعمال (The stahel – donoho estimator)
الجدوى الأقتصادية لمشروع تربية النحل بأستخدام اسلوب النحالة المتنقلة " الجزء الثاني"
Authors: عبد حميد عبيد , جبر مأمون احمد , عويد عايدة نعمة 
Published: December 2018

أستكمالاً لبحثنا الاول ومن اجل تطوير وأصلاح القطاع الزراعي والنهوض بأنتاج وانتاجية هذا القطاع المتعدد المصادر , والتي تعتبر ادارة وتربية النحل احد مصادره , تم تطبيق اسلوب النحالة المتنقلة على النحل الذي يضم 20 خلية وذلك في مشروع المسيب الكبير والذي تتوافر فيه محاصيل واشجار متنوعة ومختلفة في أوقات التزهر حيث اثبتت التجربة نجاحها وأدت الى رفع مستوى انتاج الخلية الواحدة من العسل الى 49 كغم مقارنة بالسنة السابقة لها والتي كانت 15 كغم وتفوقت على متوسط انتاج الخلية الواحدة في محافظة بابل والبالغة 13.945 كغم والحصول على فرزات مختلفة وحسب تغذية طوائف النحل اضافة الى مادة البروبولس ((العكبر)) والغذاء الملكي والطرود , والذي أدى الى زيادة معدل عائد الدينار الواحد الى 9.58 والعائد على رأس المال المستقر 8.52 بالأضافة الى تصميم عربة خاصة تساعد الفلاح على عملية التنقل وتعتبر كمنحل متنقل ويتم الأستغناء عن المنشآت الأخرى .
Fine-needle aspiration biopsies of thyroid nodules
Authors: Schmidkonz Christian , Horstrup Karen , Weppler Matthias , Kuwert Torsten , Cordes Michael 
Published: December 2018

Summary
Objective: The purpose of the study was the characterization of adverse events (AEs) after fine-needle aspiration biopsies (FNABs) of thyroid nodules, as well as possible predisposing factors. Methods: A total of 205 patients, each of whom had undergone an FNAB of a thyroid nodule, were included in the study (15 of whom were taking anticoagulant medication). The thyroid nodules were classified according to the ultrasound criteria of the American Thyroid Association (ATA). The FNABs were carried out by four trained nuclear medicine specialists from two institutions. To detect AEs, all patients were asked to fill out a standardized self-assessment questionnaire. Results: Out of 205 patients, 189 (92 %) reported no AEs. Fourteen patients (6.8 %) had mild or moderate AEs, such as short-term pain at the puncture site. In two patients (1 %), the AEs were classified as significant, and required medical followup, which revealed an intrathyroid hematoma in one patient and dysphonia in the other. All AEs were reversible. None of the patients taking anticoagulants experienced any AEs. The parameters of age, sex, nodule volume, ATA nodule type, needle size, and physician performing the biopsy were not predisposing factors for side effects (p = 0.54, p = 0.73, p = 0.75, p = 0.94, p = 0.35, and p = 0.24, respectively). Conclusions: The vast majority of patients tolerated the FNAB very well. AEs were seldom observed. A small number of patients experienced AEs that required no intervention or could be self-managed by the patient. Considering the almost negligible risk of the procedure, FNAB should be increasingly used for the classification of thyroid nodules.
Extended Main-sequence Turnoff as a Common Feature of Milky Way Open Clusters
Authors: Cordoni G. , Milone A. P. , Marino A. F. , Di Criscienzo M. , D’Antona F. , Dotter A. , Lagioia E. P. , Tailo M. 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
We present photometric analysis of 12 Galactic open clusters and show that the same multiple-population phenomenon observed in Magellanic Clouds (MCs) is present in nearby open clusters. Nearly all the clusters younger than ∼2.5 Gyr of both MCs exhibit extended main-sequence turnoffs (eMSTOs) and all the cluster younger than ∼700 Myr show broadened/split main sequences (MSs). High-resolution spectroscopy has revealed that these clusters host stars with a large spread in the observed projected rotations. In addition to rotation, internal age variation is indicated as possibly responsible for the eMSTOs, making these systems the possible young counterparts of globular clusters with multiple populations. Recent work has shown that the eMSTO+broadened MSs are not a peculiarity of MCs clusters. Similar photometric features have been discovered in a few Galactic open clusters, challenging the idea that the color–magnitude diagrams (CMDs) of these systems are similar to single isochrones and opening new windows to explore the eMSTO phenomenon. We exploit photometry+proper motions from Gaia DR2 to investigate the CMDs of open clusters younger than ∼1.5 Gyr. Our analysis suggests that: (i) 12 open clusters show eMSTOs and/or broadened MSs, which cannot be due to either field contamination or binaries; (ii) split/broadened MSs are observed in clusters younger than ∼700 Myr, while older objects display only an eMSTO, similarly to MCs clusters; (iii) the eMSTO, if interpreted as a pure age spread, increases with age, following the relation observed in MCs clusters and demonstrating that rotation is responsible for this phenomenon.
Impact of Dynamic State on the Mass Condensation Rate of Solar Prominences
Authors: Kaneko Takafumi , Yokoyama Takaaki 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
The interiors of quiescent prominences are filled with turbulent flows. The evolution of upflow plumes, descending pillars, and vortex motions has been clearly detected in high-resolution observations. The Rayleigh–Taylor instability is thought to be a driver of such internal flows. Descending pillars are related to the mass budgets of prominences. There is a hypothesis of dynamic equilibrium where the mass drainage via descending pillars and the mass supply via radiative condensation are balanced to maintain the prominence mass; however, the background physics connecting the two different processes is poorly understood. In this study, we reproduced the dynamic interior of a prominence via radiative condensation and the mechanism similar to the Rayleigh–Taylor instability using a three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic simulation including optically thin radiative cooling and nonlinear anisotropic thermal conduction. The process to prominence formation in the simulation follows the reconnection–condensation model, where topological change in the magnetic field caused by reconnection leads to radiative condensation. Reconnection is driven by converging motion at the footpoints of the coronal arcade fields. In contrast to the previous model, by randomly changing the speed of the footpoint motion along a polarity inversion line, the dynamic interior of prominence is successfully reproduced. We find that the mass condensation rate of the prominence is enhanced in the case with dynamic state. Our results support the observational hypothesis that the condensation rate is balanced with the mass drainage rate and suggest that a self-induced mass maintenance mechanism exists.
Hunting for Radio Emission from the Intermittent Pulsar J1107-5907 at Low Frequencies
Authors: Meyers B. W. , Tremblay S. E. , Bhat N. D. R. , Flynn C. , Gupta V. , Shannon R. M. , Murray S. G. , Sobey C. , Ord S. M. , Osłowski S. , Crosse B. , Williams A. , Jankowski F. , Farah W. , Krishnan V. Venkatraman , Bateman T. , Bailes M. , Beardsley A. , Emrich D. , Franzen T. M. O. , Gaensler B. M. , Horsley L. , Johnston-Hollitt M. , Kaplan D. L. , Kenney D. , Morales M. F. , Pallot D. , Steele K. , Tingay S. J. , Trott C. M. , Walker M. , Wayth R. B. , Wu C. 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Rare intermittent pulsars pose some of the most challenging questions surrounding the pulsar emission mechanism, but typically have relatively minimal low-frequency (≲300 MHz) coverage. We present the first low-frequency detection of the intermittent pulsar J1107–5907 with the Murchison Widefield Array (MWA) at 154 MHz and the simultaneous detection from the recently upgraded Molonglo Observatory Synthesis Telescope (UTMOST) at 835 MHz, as part of an ongoing observing campaign. During a 30 minute simultaneous observation, we detected the pulsar in its bright emission state for approximately 15 minutes, where 86 and 283 pulses were detected above a signal-to-noise threshold of 6 with the MWA and UTMOST, respectively. Of the detected pulses, 51 had counterparts at both frequencies and exhibited steep spectral indices for both the bright main pulse component and the precursor component. We find that the bright state pulse energy distribution is best parameterized by a log-normal distribution at both frequencies, contrary to previous results that suggested a power law distribution. Further low-frequency observations are required in order to explore in detail aspects such as pulse-to-pulse variability and intensity modulations, as well as to better constrain the signal propagation effects due to the interstellar medium and intermittency characteristics at these frequencies. The spectral index, extended profile emission covering a large fraction of pulse longitude, and the broadband intermittency of PSR J1107–5907 suggest that future low-frequency pulsar searches—for instance, those planned with SKA-Low—will be in an excellent position to find and investigate new pulsars of this type.
Binary Neutron Star Mergers: Mass Ejection, Electromagnetic Counterparts, and Nucleosynthesis
Authors: Radice David , Perego Albino , Hotokezaka Kenta , Fromm Steven A. , Bernuzzi Sebastiano , Roberts Luke F. 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
We present a systematic numerical relativity study of the mass ejection and the associated electromagnetic transients and nucleosynthesis from binary neutron star (NS) mergers. We find that a few 10−3
M
⊙ of material is ejected dynamically during the mergers. The amount and the properties of these outflows depend on binary parameters and on the NS equation of state (EOS). A small fraction of these ejecta, typically ∼10−6
M
⊙, is accelerated by shocks formed shortly after merger to velocities larger than 0.6c and produces bright radio flares on timescales of weeks, months, or years after merger. Their observation could constrain the strength with which the NSs bounce after merger and, consequently, the EOS of matter at extreme densities. The dynamical ejecta robustly produce second and third r-process peak nuclei with relative isotopic abundances close to solar. The production of light r-process elements is instead sensitive to the binary mass ratio and the neutrino radiation treatment. Accretion disks of up to ∼0.2 M
⊙ are formed after merger, depending on the lifetime of the remnant. In most cases, neutrino- and viscously driven winds from these disks dominate the overall outflow. Finally, we generate synthetic kilonova light curves and find that kilonovae depend on the merger outcome and could be used to constrain the NS EOS.
Au-delà des idéologies, une christologie pour l’Afrique
Authors: Adé Édouard 
Published: December 2018

Les quatre paradigmes autour desquels s’est élaborée la christologie africaine de ces dernières décennies (culture, pauvreté, race-racisme, responsabilité historique) représentent-ils de véritables lieux théologiques ? Si oui, dans quelle mesure ? Si non, comment peuvent-ils le devenir ? Quel soubassement anthropologique l’Afrique offre-t-elle pour une articulation significative – c’est-à-dire, sans relents idéologiques – de sa réponse au Christ ? Tel est l’objet de cette étude s’appuyant notamment sur les dialectiques du père Fessard.
Effect of Age and Myopia on Retinal Microvasculature
Authors: Leng Yunxia , Tam Emily K. , Falavarjani Khalil Ghasemi , Tsui Irena 
Published: December 2018

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
To investigate the effect of age and refractive error on changes in the retinal microvascular network.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:
Subjects were recruited from the Doheny Eye Institute. Refractive error and axial length were measured. High myopia was defined as refractive error greater than −6 diopters (D). Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) imaging was performed and images were analyzed using fractal analysis. Primary outcomes were superficial capillary plexus (SCP) vessel density, deep capillary plexus (DCP) vessel density, and foveal avascular zone (FAZ) area.

RESULTS:

One hundred thirty-eight eyes of 69 subjects were included. Twenty-eight (41%) subjects were male and 41 (59%) subjects were female. Mean age was 42.81 years ± 19.91 years (range: 8 years to 87 years). Mean refractive error was −1.74 D ± 3.18 D (range: −15.78 D to 4.25 D), and mean axial length (AL) was 24.29 mm ± 1.35 mm (range: 21.73 mm to 28.32 mm). SCP and DCP vessel densities were negatively correlated to age (r = −0.22,
P
= .011; and r = −0.49,
P
< .001). Controlling for age, patients with high myopia and longer AL had decreased SCP density (
P
= .021 and
P
= .027, respectively), but no difference in DCP vessel density was observed (
P
= .065 and
P
= .058, respectively). FAZ area was not significantly correlated to age, gender, refraction, or AL.

CONCLUSIONS:
SCP and DCP vessel densities decreased with age. In addition, SCP density but not DCP vessel density was reduced in eyes with high myopia and longer AL.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
. 2018;49:925–931.]
The Use of Pocket Mobile Learning to Improve Critical Thinking Skills in Physics Learning
Authors: Astuti Irnin Agustina Dwi , Dasmo Dasmo , Nurullaeli Nurullaeli 
Published: December 2018

The aims of the research concerned here were to the influence of using pocket mobile learning on improvement in students critical thinking skills. Pocket mobile learning is a learning media using mobile devices. This research is the quasy experiment using post test only for control group design.The independent variable is learning media in which the control group applied powerpoint, while the trearment group applied mobile pocket learning. The research data were analyzed by means of ANOVA with the significance level of 5%. Based on analysis and research results can be concluded that pocket mobile learning media of specifically physics material about dynamics of motion could improve students critical thinking skills.
Application of IoT in Zambia’s FRA Grain Traceability Process
Authors: Chihana Sipiwe , Phiri Jackson 
Published: December 2018

<p class="0papersubtitle">with advancement in technology, many sectors have seen growth and improvement in service delivery. Today, many areas such as health, transport and logistics, retailing among others have adopted the use of IoT. Agricultural sector has not been left out on the use of IoT. IoT is defined as a network of interconnected devices which can transfer data efficiently without human involvement. In agriculture, IoT can play a big role in increasing productivity and efficient storage management. Other applications include security, real-time object tracking and monitoring. In Zambia however, the agricultural sector through the Food Reserve Agency (FRA) while still underdeveloped, faces many challenges that range from spoilage, infestations, theft at site, spillage and storage among others. As the national food security agency, FRA has for many years been grappling with these challenges. In order to help curb theft problems, this study proposes the adoption of IoT and related technologies. The proposed IoT technologies will be a prototype model that will employ the use of GPS, RFID, PIR, Wireless radio communication module and the GSM technologies. The GPS will be used to monitor and track the location of the vehicle in transit using mobile and web applications. To curb theft of grain at stationary points, the system will use motion sensing through the use of PIR sensors, wireless radio communication module and the GSM/GPRS technologies. Lastly, RFID combined with GPRS and Arduino microcontroller will be responsible for grain bags tallying. </p><p class="0papersubtitle"> </p>
Le sultanat de l’Awfāt, sa capitale et la nécropole des Walasmaʿ
Authors: Fauvelle François-Xavier , Hirsch Bertrand , Chekroun Amélie 
Published: December 2018

Cet article retrace quinze années de recherches archéologiques et historiques sur les sultanats islamiques en Éthiopie de l’époque médiévale. Après d’intenses prospections dans différentes régions où étaient localisées des ruines de cités islamiques, de l’Éthiopie orientale à l’actuel Somaliland, la recherche s’est focalisée sur la région de l’Ifāt en Éthiopie centrale. Plusieurs sites urbains y ont été repérés et l’un d’entre eux, Nora, a été fouillé, livrant des vestiges (habitations, mosquées, cimetière) datés des xive et xve siècles. Enfin, une découverte majeure, celle de la nécropole composée de tombes épigraphiées de membres de la dynastie des Walasmaʿ, dont les textes sont publiés ici, a permis de localiser avec certitude la capitale du sultanat de l’Ifāt au xive siècle. La configuration de cette capitale, Awfāt, correspond de manière très étroite avec la description qu’en a faite Abū al-Fidā’ au début du xive siècle.
L’ange de Tobie, ou de la nécessité de l’épreuve
Authors: Papasogli Benedetta 
Published: December 2018

Une lettre de Fénelon au duc de Bourgogne, écrite en 1708, représente le sommet du sobre échange épistolaire entre l’archevêque et le prince. Nous utiliserons ici cette lettre comme un point de départ pour sonder la richesse linguistique et rhétorique du discours de l’épreuve chez Fénelon directeur de conscience. Miroir de concentration des thèmes féneloniens, elle peut être l’objet d’une lecture rapprochée, mais il convient aussi d’élargir le cadre et d’évoquer le vaste intertexte où elle s’insère : les exigences radicales du pur amour transparaissent alors – tout comme, ailleurs, sous le voile de la fable – à travers le conseil politique, les maximes de la sagesse humaniste ou le nuances du portrait spirituel.