bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High resolution terrestrial thermography of archaeological sites
Authors: Thomas Hugh , Williams Emma 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThermal infrared imaging, or thermography, is the remote sensing technique of detecting variations in ground temperature caused by exposed or subsurface archaeological remains either absorbing or radiating heat. Despite its conception in the 1970s, the practice has to date been rarely utilized, as a result of the high cost of the technology and the complex interplay of environmental variables. However, recent studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of the technique, especially when combining modern thermal cameras with unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV). Yet these papers often focus on mid‐ to high‐altitude flights, where the technique is only effective at detecting larger thermal anomalies. This article presents a new method for terrestrial thermography, developed for the Zagora Infrared Photogrammetry Project (The University of Sydney and the Australian Archaeological Institute at Athens). The project undertook a six week thermal investigation of the Early Iron Age site of Zagora and the surrounding hinterland utilizing the newest commercial thermal cameras and UAVs. The method of terrestrial thermography involves using photographic poles and photogrammetry to create high‐resolution thermal orthophotographs, which allow the detection of smaller thermal anomalies, providing significantly more detail than aerial thermography. Several features were discovered using this method, including a possible kiln, which would be the first ever identified at the site.
Selection and characterization of novel DNA aptamer against colorectal carcinoma Caco‐2 cells
Authors: Maimaitiyiming Yasen , Yang Chang , Wang Yun , Hussain Liaqat , Naranmandura Hua 
Published: February 2019

AbstractAptamers are short, single‐stranded nucleic acid (DNA or RNA) oligonucleotides that can be obtained by a technique called systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX) in vitro. Due to superior properties such as small size, high binding affinity, and stability, they are considered to be feasible tools for diagnosis and treatment of disease. In the current study, we attempted to screen a high‐affinity DNA aptamer to selectively target the colorectal carcinoma Caco‐2 cells by using cell‐based SELEX approach. After 14 consecutive rounds of selection, aptamer ApC1 was identified. Confocal microscopy results revealed that ApC1 could rapidly internalize into Caco‐2 cells but not HEK 293 cells. Moreover, it showed high specificity to Caco‐2 cells rather than other cell lines such as 293T, HeLa, MCF‐7, HL‐60, and NB4. Collectively, our results demonstrated that aptamer ApC1 has high specificity to colorectal carcinoma Caco‐2 cells, which could be further applied for targeted therapy of colorectal cancer in future studies.
A Phosphinate‐Containing Fluorophore Capable of Selectively Inducing Apoptosis in Cancer Cells
Authors: Zhou Xinqi , Fang Yuan , Lesiak Lauren , Stains Cliff I. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractChemotherapeutic agents generally suffer from off‐target cytotoxicity in noncancerous cell types, leading to undesired side effects. As a result, significant effort has been put into identifying compounds that are selective for cancerous over noncancerous cell types. Our laboratory has recently developed a series of near‐infrared (NIR) fluorophores containing a phosphinate functionality at the bridging position of a xanthene scaffold, termed Nebraska Red (NR) fluorophores. Herein, we report the selective cytotoxicity of one NR derivative, NR744, against HeLa (cervical cancer) cells versus NIH‐3T3 (noncancerous fibroblast) cells. Mechanistic studies based on the NIR fluorescence signal of NR744 showed distinct subcellular localization in HeLa (mitochondrial) versus NIH‐3T3 (lysosomal) that resulted from the elevated mitochondrial potential in HeLa cells. This study provides a new, NIR scaffold for the further development of reagents for targeted cancer therapy.
Pediatric intraorbital abscess: Early recognition and management
Authors: McKenna Dominic , Reddy Ekambar , McKenna Eugene 
Published: February 2019

Key Clinical MessageOrbital involvement occurs in 85% of complicated acute sinusitis and is more prevalent in children. Prompt differentiation between the more common periorbital (preseptal) cellulitis and infections, posterior to the orbital septum (including orbital cellulitis/abscess), is essential due to the latter's risk of irreversible optic neuropathy, intracranial spread and death.
Cardiotocography findings of early‐stage chronic fetomaternal hemorrhage after the presentation of reduced fetal movement
Authors: Haruna Yuria , Suzuki Shunji 
Published: February 2019

Key Clinical MessageIn the current case of fetomaternal hemorrhage with reduced fetal movements, the findings of cardiotocography (CTG) seemed to be indicating reassuring fetal status; however, a late deceleration and sinusoidal heart rate (SHR)‐like findings were observed following a weak uterine contraction. Altogether, this case indicates that the presence of reduced fetal movements may precede the appearance of SHR patterns on CTG in cases of chronic fetomaternal hemorrhage.
Computer Test of a New Silicene Anode for Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Galashev Alexander Y. , Ivanichkina Ksenia A. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe main requirements for lithium‐ion batteries (LIB) of the new generation are low cost, safety, short charge time, high energy and power. This article is devoted to the testing of a new anode design, which is based on the use of silicene on an Al(111) substrate. The processes of intercalation and deintercalation of lithium in a channel formed by silicene sheets in the presence of an electric field are investigated. Sheets of perfect silicene and silicene with vacancy defects are used. The largest number of Li ions is intercalated into the channel with bivacancies. The lithium density profiles in the channels, the diffusion coefficients of lithium atoms, their energy, the angular distributions of the nearest neighbors, and the distributions of the most significant stresses in the silicene sheets are determined. On average, a silicene channel with vacancy‐type defects on the Al(111) substrate is characterized by a lower charge capacity and lower stresses in silicene than a corresponding channel on an Ag(111) substrate. We expect that this article will contribute to the further selection of the substrate material for the LIB silicene anode.
Gold‐Catalyzed Annulations of N‐Propargyl Ynamides with Anthranils with Two Distinct Chemoselectivities
Authors: Hsu Yu‐Chen , Hsieh Shu‐An , Liu Rai‐Shung 
Published: February 2019

AbstractGold‐catalyzed annulation of N‐propargyl ynamides with anthranils can proceed by two distinct mechanisms. In the case of a terminal N‐propargyl ynamide, its resulting α‐imino gold carbene reacts with a tethered alkyne to generate a vinyl cation to enable hydrolysis, which ultimately yields a pyrrolo[2,3‐b]quinoline derivative after treatment with p‐toluenesulfonic acid. For an internal alkyne, its α‐imino gold carbene reacts with a tethered alkyne via either a vinyl cation or an alkenylgold carbene; both paths ultimately lead to a 4‐ketone‐2‐aminopyrrole derivative. Our mechanistic analysis indicates that water is a better nucleophile than anthranil for terminal ynamides, whereas water and anthranils are equally reactive for internal ynamides.
Lone‐Pair Enhanced Birefringence in an Alkaline‐Earth Metal Tin(II) Phosphate BaSn2(PO4)2
Authors: Yang Yi , Qiu Yi , Gong Pifu , Kang Lei , Song Gaomin , Liu Xiaomeng , Sun Junliang , Lin Zheshuai 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe first alkaline‐earth metal tin(II) phosphate, BaSn2(PO4)2, has been discovered, which consists of layered structures constructed from strictly alternating [SnO3]4− and [PO4]3− moieties. This compound is expected to have a large birefringence with Δn≈0.071 at 1064 nm, owing to the presence of stereochemically active lone pair metal cations.
Organic Batteries with ascorbic acid and the some different lemon battery
Authors: Rosenberg Dominique , Wachholz Mirco , Busker Maike , Jansen Walter 
Published: February 2019

AbstractÜber die sogenannte Zitronenbatterie ist in der Vergangenheit schon viel geschrieben worden. Sie funktioniert nicht gut, und die chemischen Reaktionen sind komplex. Mit der Ascorbinsäure der Zitrone lässt sich allerdings eine wirksame organische Batterie konstruieren. In diesem Artikel werden Versuche zu organischen Batterien präsentiert, die mit Ascorbinsäure und deren Alltagsprodukten betrieben werden können.
Usefulness of surveillance imaging in patients with head and neck cancer who are treated with definitive radiotherapy
Authors: Ng Sweet Ping , Pollard Courtney , Berends Joel , Ayoub Zeina , Kamal Mona , Garden Adam S. , Bahig Houda , Cantor Scott B. , Schaefer Andrew J. , Ajayi Temitayo , Gunn G. Brandon , Frank Steven J. , Skinner Heath , Phan Jack , Morrison William H. , Ferrarotto Renata , Johnson Jason M. , Mohamed Abdallah S. R. , Lai Stephen Y. , Hessel Amy C. , Sturgis Erich M. , Weber Randal S. , Fuller Clifton D. , Rosenthal David I. 
Published: February 2019

BackgroundThe current study was performed to assess the efficacy of surveillance imaging in patients with head and neck cancer (HNC) who are treated definitively with radiotherapy.MethodsEligible patients included those with a demonstrable disease‐free interval (≥1 follow‐up imaging procedure without evidence of disease and a subsequent visit/imaging procedure) who underwent treatment of HNC from 2000 through 2010.ResultsA total of 1508 patients were included. The median overall survival was 99 months, with a median imaging follow‐up period of 59 months. Of the 1508 patients, 190 patients (12.6%) experienced disease recurrence (107 patients had locoregional and 83 had distant disease recurrence). A total of 119 patients (62.6%) in the group with disease recurrence were symptomatic and/or had an adverse clinical finding associated with the recurrence. Approximately 80% of patients with locoregional disease recurrences presented with a clinical finding, whereas 60% of distant disease recurrences were detected by imaging in asymptomatic patients. Despite the earlier detection of disease recurrence via imaging, those patients in the group of patients with clinically detected disease recurrence were significantly more likely to undergo salvage therapy compared with those whose recurrence was detected on imaging (odds ratio, 0.35). There was no difference in overall survival noted between those patients with disease recurrences that were detected clinically or with imaging alone. Approximately 70% of disease recurrences occurred within the first 2 years. In those patients who developed disease recurrence after 2 years, the median time to recurrence was 51 months. After 2 years, the average number of imaging procedures per patient for the detection of a salvageable recurrence for the imaging‐detected group was 1539.ConclusionsSurveillance imaging in asymptomatic patients with HNC who are treated definitively with radiotherapy without clinically suspicious findings beyond 2 years has a low yield and a high cost. Physicians ordering these studies must use judicious consideration and discretion.
A fuzzy logic‐based method for solving the scheduling problem in the cloud environments using a non‐dominated sorted algorithm
Authors: Wakil Karzan , Badfar Arshad , Dehghani Pooyan , Shoja Sadati Seyed Mojtaba , Jafari Navimipour Nima 
Published: February 2019

SummaryCloud computing as a new model of delivering IT services on the Internet has attained high attention recently. In this new paradigm, efficient service management causes the high quality of provided services. Scheduling as one of the most important duties of service management is a key problem in cloud computing that affects the total system performance. In most cases, the meta‐heuristic methods are used for optimizing the scheduling issues instead of traditional methods. One of the influential evolutionary algorithms for optimizing the complicated problems is a non‐dominated sorting particle swarm optimization (NSPSO) technique. In this paper, we propose a meta‐heuristic technique using the NSPSO model for decreasing total cost and consumed total time. Furthermore, fuzzy set theory is applied to select the best solution. Simulation results have indicated that the efficiency of NSPSO is improved. In the many types of experiment, the proposed NSPSO algorithm was appropriate to keep a good spread of solutions and good converge. In addition, the diversity preserving mechanism applied in NSPSO has improvement against the other two investigated algorithms.
Experimental Assignment of Disulfide‐Bonds in Purified Proteins
Authors: Tang Hsin‐Yao , Speicher David W. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe formation of disulfide bonds in proteins is an important post‐translational modification that is critical for stabilizing the native structures of proteins, particularly proteins exposed to oxidizing environments. For this reason, most cysteines in secreted proteins or protein domains on the surface of the cell are in disulfides, whereas most cysteines in the cytoplasm are in the unmodified ‐SH form. Disulfide linkages must be experimentally determined, as they cannot be predicted from amino acid sequence. These assignments provide insights into three‐dimensional structure and contribute to the understanding of structural‐functional relationships. This unit details a series of protocols that have been applied successfully to map disulfide bonds in proteins. The general strategy involves chemical or proteolytic cleavage of the protein followed by chromatographic separation of the resultant peptides. Mass spectrometry is used to identify disulfide‐containing peptides and determine sites of disulfide linkage. A partial reduction and alkylation strategy for mapping disulfide linkages in peptides with multiple disulfide bonds is also presented. © 2019 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Residential eating disorder outcomes associated with screening positive for substance use disorder and borderline personality disorder
Authors: Weigel Thomas J. , Wang Shirley B. , Thomas Jennifer J. , Eddy Kamryn T. , Pierce Casey , Zanarini Mary C. , Fitzmaurice Garrett , Busch Alisa 
Published: February 2019

AbstractObjectiveWe examined whether eating disorder (ED) outcome trajectories during residential treatment differed for patients screening positive for comorbid borderline personality disorder (BPD) and/or substance use disorders (SUDs) than those who do not.MethodWe examined data from patients in a residential ED treatment program. Patients completed validated self‐report surveys to screen for SUDs and BPD on admission, and the ED Examination‐Questionnaire (EDE‐Q) on admission and every 2 weeks until discharge (N = 479 females).ResultsFifty‐four percent screened positive for at least one co‐occurring condition. At admission, patients screening positive for SUD and/or BPD had significantly greater eating pathology than patients screening negative for both (t[477] = 8.23, p < .001). Patients screening positive for SUD (independent of BPD screening status) had a significantly faster rate of symptom improvement during the initial 4 weeks than patients screening positive for BPD only and those with no comorbidities.DiscussionScreening positive for SUD and/or BPD was common in residential ED treatment, and associated with more severe ED symptoms. Screening positive for SUD was associated with faster ED symptom improvement than screening positive for BPD. These findings suggest that intensive ED treatment, even in the absence of intensive SUD treatment, may enhance patient outcomes for those with SUDs.
Robust network‐based regularization and variable selection for high‐dimensional genomic data in cancer prognosis
Authors: Ren Jie , Du Yinhao , Li Shaoyu , Ma Shuangge , Jiang Yu , Wu Cen 
Published: February 2019

AbstractIn cancer genomic studies, an important objective is to identify prognostic markers associated with patients' survival. Network‐based regularization has achieved success in variable selections for high‐dimensional cancer genomic data, because of its ability to incorporate the correlations among genomic features. However, as survival time data usually follow skewed distributions, and are contaminated by outliers, network‐constrained regularization that does not take the robustness into account leads to false identifications of network structure and biased estimation of patients' survival. In this study, we develop a novel robust network‐based variable selection method under the accelerated failure time model. Extensive simulation studies show the advantage of the proposed method over the alternative methods. Two case studies of lung cancer datasets with high‐dimensional gene expression measurements demonstrate that the proposed approach has identified markers with important implications.
Investing in antibiotics to alleviate future catastrophic outcomes: What is the value of having an effective antibiotic to mitigate pandemic influenza?
Authors: Megiddo Itamar , Drabik Dusan , Bedford Tim , Morton Alec , Wesseler Justus , Laxminarayan Ramanan 
Published: February 2019

AbstractOver 95% of post‐mortem samples from the 1918 pandemic, which caused 50 to 100 million deaths, showed bacterial infection complications. The introduction of antibiotics in the 1940s has since reduced the risk of bacterial infections, but growing resistance to antibiotics could increase the toll from future influenza pandemics if secondary bacterial infections are as serious as in 1918, or even if they are less severe. We develop a valuation model of the option to withhold wide use of an antibiotic until significant outbreaks such as pandemic influenza or foodborne diseases are identified. Using real options theory, we derive conditions under which withholding wide use is beneficial, and calculate the option value for influenza pandemic scenarios that lead to secondary infections with a resistantStaphylococcus aureusstrain. We find that the value of withholding an effective novel oral antibiotic can be positive and significant unless the pandemic is mild and causes few secondary infections with the resistant strain or if most patients can be treated intravenously. Although the option value is sensitive to parameter uncertainty, our results suggest that further analysis on a case‐by‐case basis could guide investment in novel agents as well as strategies on how to use them.
Gain of native conformation of Aurora A S155R mutant by small molecules
Authors: Tanwar Garima , Purohit Rituraj 
Published: February 2019

AbstractAurora A is a mitotic serine/threonine kinase protein that is a proposed target of the first‐line anticancer drug design. It has been found to be overexpressed in many human cancer cells, including hematological, breast, and colorectal. Here, we focus on a particular somatic mutant S155R of Aurora kinase A protein, whose activity decreases because of loss of interaction with a TPX2 protein that results in ectopic expression of the Aurora kinase A protein, which contributes chromosome instability, centrosome amplification, and oncogenic transformation. The primary target of this study is to select a drug molecule whose binding results in gaining S155R mutant interaction with TPX2. The computational methodology applied in this study involves mapping of hotspots (for uncompetitive binding), virtual screening, protein–ligand docking, postdocking optimization, and protein–protein docking approach. In this study, we screen and validate ZINC968264, which acts as a potential molecule that can improve the loss of function occurred because of mutation (S155R) in Aurora A. Our approaches pave a suitable path to design a potential drug against physiological condition manifested because of S155R mutant in Aurora A.
Osteogenesis inducers promote distinct biological responses in aortic and mitral valve interstitial cells
Authors: Wang Xinmei , Ali Mir S. , Lacerda Carla M. R. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractBoth aortic and mitral valves calcify in pathological conditions; however, the prevalence of aortic valve calcification is high whereas mitral valve leaflet calcification is somewhat rare. Patterns of valvular calcification may differ due to valvular architecture, but little is known to that effect. In this study, we investigated the intrinsic osteogenic differentiation potential of aortic versus mitral valve interstitial cells provided minimal differentiation conditions. For the assessment of calcification at the cellular level, we used classic inducers of osteogenesis in stem cells: β‐glycerophosphate (β‐Gly), dexamethasone (Dex), and ascorbate (Asc). In addition to proteomic analyses, osteogenic markers and calcium precipitates were evaluated across treatments of aortic and mitral valve cells. The combination of β‐Gly, Asc, and Dex induced aortic valve interstitial cells to synthesize extracellular matrix, overexpress osteoblastic markers, and deposit calcium. However, no strong evidence showed the calcification of mitral valve interstitial cells. Mitral cells mainly responded to Asc and Dex by cell activation. These findings provide a deeper understanding of the physiological properties of aortic and mitral valves and tendencies for calcific changes within each valve type, contributing to the development of future therapeutics for heart valve diseases.
miR‐210 inhibits cell migration and invasion by targeting the brain‐derived neurotrophic factor in glioblastoma
Authors: Liu Shouyue , Jiang Tao , Zhong Yingjie , Yu Yin 
Published: February 2019

AbstractRecently, there is increasing evidence that microRNAs are related to the development, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of glioblastoma. microRNA‐210 (miR‐210) had been identified in many human cancers, but the specific function of miR‐210 remains unclear in glioblastoma. The present study mainly focused on exploring its biological role and potential molecular mechanisms in glioblastoma. We found that miR‐210 expression was decreased in glioblastoma, and downregulation of miR‐210 was related to worse prognosis in glioblastoma patients. In addition, miR‐210 overexpression inhibited the migration and invasion of human glioblastoma cells. At the same time, we found that miR‐210 directly targets the brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and reduces BDNF expression level. Consistently, BDNF silencing had the same effects as miR‐210 overexpression in glioblastoma, and upregulation of BDNF counteracted the inhibitory effect of miR‐210 in glioblastoma. In conclusion, miR‐210 suppressed the migration and invasion of glioblastoma cells by targeting BDNF.