bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interindividual responses to different exercise stimuli among insulin‐resistant women
Authors: Álvarez C. , Ramírez‐Vélez R. , Ramírez‐Campillo R. , Ito S. , Celis‐Morales C. , García‐Hermoso A. , Rodriguez‐Mañas L. , Lucia A. , Izquierdo M. 
Published: May 2018

We aimed to investigate which among 20 cardiometabolic and performance outcomes do and do not respond to high‐intensity interval training (HIT), resistance training (RT), or concurrent training (CT) in insulin‐resistant adult women. A secondary aim was to report the training‐induced changes and the prevalence of non‐responders. Forty‐five insulin‐resistant adult women were randomly assigned to one of the following 4 groups: HIT (39.2 ± 9.5 years [y]; body mass index [BMI], 29.3 ± 3.3; n = 14), RT (33.9 ± 9.3 y; BMI, 29.4 ± 5.5; n = 8), CT (43.3 ± 8.1 y; BMI, 29.1 ± 2.9; n = 10), and a control group (CG, 40.1 ± 11.4 y; BMI, 28.3 ± 3.5; n = 13). Nine body composition, 3 cardiovascular, 3 metabolic, and 5 performance outcomes were assessed at baseline and after 12 weeks of intervention. Considering all outcomes, the lowest number of total non‐responses for one or more variables was found in the RT group, followed by the CT and HIT groups. Individuals in the CG group were classified as non‐responders for almost all the variables. Moreover, there were several significant changes in body composition and metabolic parameters, including fasting glucose (HIT: −5.7, RT −5.1 mg/d), fasting insulin (HIT: −0.6, RT −0.6 μIU/mL), and HOMA‐IR (HIT: −0.3, RT −0.4), in addition to improvements in cardiovascular and performance parameters. Also, there were significant differences among groups in the prevalence of non‐responders for the variables where a non‐response was detected. Overall, the study suggests that independent of the mode of training including volume and frequency, RT has an important ability to reduce the prevalence of non‐response to improve the 20 outcomes of health and performance in insulin‐resistant adult women.
On the tax bias against investments in fixed assets: Empirical evidence from China
Authors: An Zhiyong 
Published: May 2018

AbstractChina's new Corporate Income Tax Law was passed in March 2007 and took effect on 1 January 2008. We take advantage of this tax law change and use a difference‐in‐differences approach to empirically estimate the impact of taxation on asset structure. Employing the Chinese Industrial Enterprises Database from 2002 to 2008 to implement the analysis, we find evidence suggesting the presence of tax bias against investments in fixed assets. We address two potential concerns about our analysis and argue that our conclusion is not China‐specific; it is a general lesson for modern finance theory that is portable to developed countries.
Evaluation of the diagnostic accuracy of skeletal scintigraphy for the causes of front foot pain determined by magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Quiney Laura E. , Ireland Joanne L. , Dyson Sue J. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThere is good correlation between increased radiopharmaceutical uptake anywhere in the feet of sports or leisure horses and the presence of foot pain. However, low sensitivity of scintigraphy for identifying lesions contributing to foot pain as determined by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been reported. The aim of this retrospective, cross‐sectional, analytical study was to assess the accuracy of scintigraphy for identifying the cause(s) of foot pain, using MRI as the reference standard. Sports and leisure horses that underwent both skeletal scintigraphy and MRI of the front feet between March 2008 and December 2014 and for which a definitive diagnosis of the cause(s) of front foot pain was reached were included (121 feet of 70 horses). Imaging studies were evaluated retrospectively, blindly. Agreements between scintigraphic localization of increased radiopharmaceutical uptake and subjective categorization of lesions with MRI diagnosis were assessed using Kappa statistics (κ). Measures of diagnostic accuracy were calculated. Sensitivity of increased radiopharmaceutical uptake varied among regions (31.8–76.2%) but specificity was at least high for all (84.6–100%). Agreements between both scintigraphy measures and MRI diagnosis were substantial for the distal phalanx (palmar processes and body) (κ = 0.77 and κ = 0.74, respectively), and ungular cartilages and chondral ligaments (κ = 0.62, for both). When all regions were combined, agreements of increased radiopharmaceutical uptake (κ = 0.49) and relevance categorization (κ = 0.45) with MRI diagnosis were moderate. In conclusion, skeletal scintigraphy does not meet the minimum reliability level for a diagnostic test, but is reliable for identification of osseous trauma to the distal phalanx and ungular cartilages.
ClpA and HtpX Proteases Are Involved in Intrinsic Aminoglycoside Resistance of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia and Are Potential Aminoglycoside Adjuvant Targets
Authors: Huang Hsin-Hui , Lin Yi-Tsung , Chen Peng-Ying , Li Li-Hua , Ning Hsiao-Chen , Yang Tsuey-Ching 
Published: May 2018

ABSTRACT

The linkage of the protease-chaperon system, SmeYZ pump, and aminoglycoside resistance was assessed in
Stenotrophomonas maltophilia
. The
clpA
,
clpS
,
clpP
, and
htpX
genes were upregulated in response to kanamycin exposure. Of these,
clpA
and
htpX
were the primary determinants responsible for intrinsic aminoglycoside (AG) resistance. Inactivation of
clpA
and
htpX
compromised protease-mediated intrinsic aminoglycoside resistance and weakened SmeYZ pump-mediated aminoglycoside resistance, signifying HtpX and ClpA as potential AG adjuvant targets for treatment of
S. maltophilia
infections.
Role of constant value of surface diffuseness in alpha decay half-lives of superheavy nuclei
Authors: Dehghani V. , Alavi S. A. , Benam Kh. 
Published: May 2018

By using WKB method and considering deformed Woods–Saxon nuclear potential, deformed Coulomb potential, and centrifugal potential, the alpha decay half-lives of 68 superheavy alpha emitters have been calculated. The effect of the constant value of surface diffuseness parameter in the range of 0.1 [Formula: see text]a [Formula: see text] 0.9 (fm) on the potential barrier, tunneling probability, assault frequency, and alpha decay half-lives has been investigated. Significant differences were observed for alpha decay half-lives and decay quantities in this range of surface diffuseness. Good agreement between calculated half-lives with fitted surface diffuseness parameter a = 0.54 (fm) and experiment was observed.
Shale gas resources of the Bowland Basin, NW England: a holistic study
Authors: Clarke Huw , Turner Peter , Bustin Robert Marc , Riley Nick , Besly Bernard 
Published: May 2018

New data from three shale gas exploration wells in the Bowland Basin of NW England contribute to the understanding of the stratigraphy, tectonic history and unconventional hydrocarbon resource potential of Lower Carboniferous strata. Three main prospective shales dominate the identified unconventional reservoirs: the Upper Bowland and Lower Bowland shales and the Hodder Mudstone, which are recognized by their distinctive lithology, corresponding log signatures and key zonal ammonoids. With a combined thickness of over 5000 ft (
c.
1500 m), this sequence of shales is one of thickest known potential self-sourced, unconventional hydrocarbon resources. The strata are organic rich with total organic carbon (TOC) values of between 1 and 7%, with an average of 2.65%, and organic maturity that ranges from the upper oil window (pyrolysis
T
max
c
. 450°C) in the higher part of the section to dry gas (R
o
= 2.4%; pyrolysis
T
max
>470°C) in the Lower Bowland Shale. The sequence is strongly heterolithic, and up to 60% free gas is stored in thinly bedded carbonate and clastic silty turbidites. Adsorbed gas is concentrated in more organic-rich, hemipelagic shales which are distributed throughout the sequence. Near maximum burial temperatures of
c.
130°C are inferred from vitrinite reflectance (R
o
) and are consistent with fluid-inclusion microthermometry of carbonate-filled fractures. This indicates oil generation in the Late Carboniferous, prior to Variscan uplift. Renewed subsidence through the early Mesozoic resulted in increased maturity and gas generation. In the Bowland Shale the gas per unit volume of rock ranges from about 0.6 to 1.5 Bcf (billion cubic ft) per metre per square mile. The thick interval of gas-charged strata provides the opportunity to exploit these major hydrocarbon resources by using stacked multilateral wells from a common, strategically located and environmentally optimized surface pad.
Phase relations in metabasic rocks: constraints from the results of experiments, phase modelling and ACF analysis
Authors: Wei C. J. , Duan Z. Z. 
Published: May 2018

Abstract

Phase relations in metabasic rocks are documented from the results of phase modelling, experiments and ACF analysis. A
P–T
pseudosection for a mid-ocean-ridge basalt (MORB) composition was calculated in the
P–T
range of 1–32 kbar and 400–1100°C using THERMOCALC 3.45. Phase relations in this pseudosection are mostly consistent with the results from experiments but complicated. ACF analyses suggest that the complicated phase relations can be simplified into 10 invariant assemblages involving orthopyroxene, clinopyroxene, hornblende, glaucophane, actinolite, garnet, chlorite, epidote, lawsonite, kyanite and plagioclase, assuming quartz, NaAlO
2
and H
2
O/melt being are excess. Phase relation analyses in the
P–T
projections that are constructed according to Schreinemakers’ rules and qualitative
P–T
pseudosections that are obtained for a MORB composition indicate that 22 subfacies assemblages are recognized for metabasic rocks. A four-fold classification of metamorphism is proposed on the basis of the phase relations for metabasic rocks, including low-, medium-, high- and very-high-
P
/
T
types, with apparent geothermal gradients >110°C/kbar, between 110 and 55°C/kbar, between 55 and 28°C/kbar, and <28°C/kbar, respectively. This four-fold classification of metamorphism is better able to match various tectonic settings.
Garnet Lu–Hf and Sm–Nd geochronology: a time capsule of the metamorphic evolution of orogenic belts
Authors: Cheng Hao 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Garnet has played a crucially important part in our understanding of metamorphic and tectonic processes and conditions. Technological advances in chemical procedures and mass spectrometry have allowed precise determinations of the Nd–Hf isotope composition of small samples, which has boosted the growth of Lu–Hf and Sm–Nd geochronology over the last two decades. When combined with petrographic and chemical observations, Lu–Hf and Sm–Nd ages in garnets are able to give unprecedented resolution of the timing and processes of metamorphism, although there are many potential pitfalls in the acquisition and interpretation of these data. This paper provides a brief review of the basic science and development of the garnet Lu–Hf and Sm–Nd systems, highlights the potential of garnet Lu–Hf and Sm–Nd geochronology, and reviews several crucial issues related to the complexities of interpretation of the radiometric ages. A case study using combined garnet Lu–Hf and Sm–Nd dates for a garnet-bearing granitic gneiss from the Dabie orogenic belt is presented.
Syntax-Preserving Belief Change Operators for Logic Programs
Authors: Binnewies Sebastian , Zhuang Zhiqiang , Wang Kewen , Stantic Bela 
Published: May 2018

Recent methods have adapted the well-established AGM and belief base frameworks for belief change to cover belief revision in logic programs. In this study here, we present two new sets of belief change operators for logic programs. They focus on preserving the explicit relationships expressed in the rules of a program, a feature that is missing in purely semantic approaches that consider programs only in their entirety. In particular, operators of the latter class fail to satisfy preservation and support, two important properties for belief change in logic programs required to ensure intuitive results.
We address this shortcoming of existing approaches by introducing partial meet and ensconcement constructions for logic program belief change, which allow us to define syntax-preserving operators for satisfying preservation and support. Our work is novel in that our constructions not only preserve more information from a logic program during a change operation than existing ones, but they also facilitate natural definitions of contraction operators, the first in the field to the best of our knowledge.
To evaluate the rationality of our operators, we translate the revision and contraction postulates from the AGM and belief base frameworks to the logic programming setting. We show that our operators fully comply with the belief base framework and formally state the interdefinability between our operators. We further compare our approach to two state-of-the-art logic program revision methods and demonstrate that our operators address the shortcomings of one and generalise the other method.
Pregnancy late in rodent life has detrimental effects on the heart
Authors: Chung Eunhee , Haizlip Kaylan M. , Leinwand Leslie A. 
Published: May 2018

During pregnancy, the heart undergoes significant and numerous changes, including hypertrophy, that are usually described as physiological and reversible. Two aspects of the cardiac response to pregnancy are relatively understudied: advanced maternal age and multiple pregnancies (multiparity). Repeated breeder (RB) mice that have undergone five to seven consecutive pregnancies were euthanized 21 days after the weaning of their last pups and compared with age-matched primiparous, one-time pregnant (O1P) mice. The ages of the older mouse groups were similar (12 ± 1 mo). Pregnancy at a later age resulted in reduced fertility (40%); resorption was 29%, maternal mortality was 10%, and mortality of the pups was 17%. Contractile function as indicated by percent fractional shortening was significantly decreased in O1P and RB groups compared with the old nonpregnant control (ONP) group. There was no pathological induction of the fetal program of gene expression, with the exception of β-myosin heavy chain mRNA, which was induced in O1P compared with ONP mice ( P < 0.05) but not in RB mice. MicroRNA-208a was significantly increased in O1P compared with ONP mice ( P < 0.05) but significantly decreased in RB compared with ONP mice ( P < 0.05). mRNA of genes regulating angiogenesis (i.e., vascular endothelial growth factor-A) were significantly downregulated, whereas proinflammatory genes [i.e., interleukin-6, chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2, and Cd36] were significantly upregulated in O1P ( P < 0.05) but not in RB mice. Overall, our results suggest that rather than multiparity, pregnancy in advanced age is a much more stressful event in both pregnant dams and fetuses, as evidenced by increased mortality, lower fertility, downregulation of angiogenesis, upregulation of inflammation, and cardiac dysfunction. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Pregnancy in older mice significantly decreases cardiac function, although repeated breeder mice demonstrated increased wall hypertrophy and dilated chamber size compared with one-time pregnant mice. Interestingly, many of the molecular changes were altered in one-time pregnant mice but not in repeated breeder mice, which may contribute to adverse pregnancy outcomes in a first pregnancy at a later age.
NK-cell Editing Mediates Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition via Phenotypic and Proteomic Changes in Melanoma Cell Lines
Authors: Huergo-Zapico Leticía , Parodi Monica , Cantoni Claudia , Lavarello Chiara , Fernández-Martínez Juan L. , Petretto Andrea , DeAndrés-Galiana Enrique J. , Balsamo Mirna , López-Soto Alejandro , Pietra Gabriella , Bugatti Mattia , Munari Enrico , Marconi Marcella , Mingari Maria Cristina , Vermi William , Moretta Lorenzo , González Segundo , Vitale Massimo 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Tumor cell plasticity is a major obstacle for the cure of malignancies as it makes tumor cells highly adaptable to microenvironmental changes, enables their phenotype switching among different forms, and favors the generation of prometastatic tumor cell subsets. Phenotype switching toward more aggressive forms involves different functional, phenotypic, and morphologic changes, which are often related to the process known as epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT). In this study, we report natural killer (NK) cells may increase the malignancy of melanoma cells by inducing changes relevant to EMT and, more broadly, to phenotype switching from proliferative to invasive forms. In coculture, NK cells induced effects on tumor cells similar to those induced by EMT-promoting cytokines, including upregulation of stemness and EMT markers, morphologic transition, inhibition of proliferation, and increased capacity for Matrigel invasion. Most changes were dependent on the engagement of NKp30 or NKG2D and the release of cytokines including IFNγ and TNFα. Moreover, EMT induction also favored escape from NK-cell attack. Melanoma cells undergoing EMT either increased NK-protective HLA-I expression on their surface or downregulated several tumor-recognizing activating receptors on NK cells. Mass spectrometry–based proteomic analysis revealed in two different melanoma cell lines a partial overlap between proteomic profiles induced by NK cells or by EMT cytokines, indicating that various processes or pathways related to tumor progression are induced by exposure to NK cells.
Significance: NK cells can induce prometastatic properties on melanoma cells that escape from killing, providing important clues to improve the efficacy of NK cells in innovative antitumor therapies. Cancer Res; 78(14); 3913–25. ©2018 AACR.
Classification of Pancreatic Cancer: Ready for Practical Application?
Authors: Khalil Danny N. , O'Reilly Eileen M. 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
There is great interest in an ability to categorize pancreatic cancer, and understand and classify the significant heterogeneity that exists in this disease. Such classifications based on morphologic, genetic, and immunologic features are emerging, and the application of this information to provide both prognostic and predictive information is highly desired. Clin Cancer Res; 24(18); 4355–6. ©2018 AACR.
See related article by Wartenberg et al., p. 4444
Functional Invalidation of Putative Sudden Infant Death Syndrome–Associated Variants in the
KCNH2
-Encoded Kv11.1 Channel
Authors: Smith Jennifer L. , Tester David J. , Hall Allison R. , Burgess Don E. , Hsu Chun-Chun , Claude Elayi Samy , Anderson Corey L. , January Craig T. , Luo Jonathan Z. , Hartzel Dustin N. , Mirshahi Uyenlinh L. , Murray Michael F. , Mirshahi Tooraj , Ackerman Michael J. , Delisle Brian P. 
Published: May 2018

Background:

Heterologous functional validation studies of putative long-QT syndrome subtype 2–associated variants clarify their pathological potential and identify disease mechanism(s) for most variants studied. The purpose of this study is to clarify the pathological potential for rare nonsynonymous
KCNH2
variants seemingly associated with sudden infant death syndrome.

Methods:

Genetic testing of 292 sudden infant death syndrome cases identified 9
KCNH2
variants: E90K, R181Q, A190T, G294V, R791W, P967L, R1005W, R1047L, and Q1068R. Previous studies show R181Q-, P967L-, and R1047L-Kv11.1 channels function similar to wild-type Kv11.1 channels, whereas Q1068R-Kv11.1 channels accelerate inactivation gating. We studied the biochemical and biophysical properties for E90K-, G294V-, R791W-, and R1005W-Kv11.1 channels expressed in human embryonic kidney 293 cells; examined the electronic health records of patients who were genotype positive for the sudden infant death syndrome–linked
KCNH2
variants; and simulated their functional impact using computational models of the human ventricular action potential.

RESULTS:

Western blot and voltage-clamping analyses of cells expressing E90K-, G294V-, R791W-, and R1005W-Kv11.1 channels demonstrated these variants express and generate peak Kv11.1 current levels similar to cells expressing wild-type-Kv11.1 channels, but R791W- and R1005W-Kv11.1 channels accelerated deactivation and activation gating, respectively. Electronic health records of patients with the sudden infant death syndrome–linked
KCNH2
variants showed that the patients had median heart rate–corrected QT intervals <480 ms and none had been diagnosed with long-QT syndrome or experienced cardiac arrest. Simulating the impact of dysfunctional gating variants predicted that they have little impact on ventricular action potential duration.

Conclusions:
We conclude that these rare Kv11.1 missense variants are not long-QT syndrome subtype 2–causative variants and therefore do not represent the pathogenic substrate for sudden infant death syndrome in the variant-positive infants.
Predicting the Benefits of Percutaneous Coronary Intervention on 1-Year Angina and Quality of Life in Stable Ischemic Heart Disease
Authors: Zhang Zugui , Jones Philip , Weintraub William S. , Mancini G.B. John , Sedlis Steven , Maron David J. , Teo Koon , Hartigan Pamela , Kostuk William , Berman Daniel , Boden William E. , Spertus John A. 
Published: May 2018

Background:
Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is a therapy to reduce angina and improve quality of life in patients with stable ischemic heart disease. However, it is unclear whether the quality of life after PCI is more dependent on the PCI or other patient-related factors. To address this question, we created models to predict angina and quality of life 1 year after PCI and medical therapy.

Methods and Results:

Using data from the 2287 stable ischemic heart disease patients randomized in the COURAGE trial (Clinical Outcomes Utilizing Revascularization and Aggressive Drug Evaluation) to PCI plus optimal medical therapy (OMT) versus OMT alone, we built prediction models for 1-year Seattle Angina Questionnaire angina frequency, physical limitation, and quality of life scores, both as continuous outcomes and categorized by clinically desirable states, using multivariable techniques. Although most patients improved regardless of treatment, marked variability was observed in Seattle Angina Questionnaire scores 1 year after randomization. Adding PCI conferred a greater mean improvement (about 2 points) in Seattle Angina Questionnaire scores that were not affected by patient characteristics (
P
values for all interactions >0.05). The proportion of patients free of angina or having very good/excellent physical limitation (physical function) or quality of life at 1 year was 57%, 58%, 66% with PCI+OMT and 50%, 55%, 59% with OMT alone group, respectively. However, other characteristics, such as baseline symptoms, age, diabetes mellitus, and the magnitude of myocardium subtended by narrowed coronary arteries were as, or more, important than revascularization in predicting symptoms (partial
R
2
=0.07 versus 0.29, 0.03 versus 0.22, and 0.05 versus 0.24 in the domain of angina frequency, physical limitation, and quality of life, respectively). There was modest/good discrimination of the models (C statistic=0.72–0.82) and excellent calibration (coefficients of determination for predicted versus observed deciles=0.83–0.97).

Conclusions:
The health status outcomes of stable ischemic heart disease patients treated by OMT+PCI versus OMT alone can be predicted with modest accuracy. Angina and quality of life at 1 year is improved by PCI but is more strongly associated with other patient characteristics.

Clinical Trial Registration:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier: NCT00007657.