bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thermopriming reprograms metabolic homeostasis to confer heat tolerance
Authors: Serrano Natalia , Ling Yu , Bahieldin Ahmed , Mahfouz Magdy M. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractHeat stress threatens agriculture worldwide. Plants acquire heat stress tolerance through priming, which establishes stress memory during mild or severe transient heat stress. Such induced thermotolerance restructures metabolic networks and helps maintain metabolic homeostasis under heat stress. Here, we used an electrospray ionization mass spectrometry-based platform to explore the composition and dynamics of the metabolome of Arabidopsis thaliana under heat stress and identify metabolites involved in thermopriming. Primed plants performed better than non-primed plants under severe heat stress due to altered energy pathways and increased production of branched-chain amino acids, raffinose family oligosaccharides (RFOs), lipolysis products, and tocopherols. These metabolites serve as osmolytes, antioxidants and growth precursors to help plants recover from heat stress, while lipid metabolites help protect membranes against heat stress. The carbohydrate (e.g., sucrose and RFOs) and lipid superpathway metabolites showed the most significant increases. Under heat stress, there appears to be crosstalk between carbohydrate metabolism (i.e., the thermomemory metabolites stachyose, galactinol, and raffinose) and tyrosine metabolism towards the production of the thermomemory metabolite salidroside, a phenylethanoid glycoside. Crosstalk occurs between two glycerophospholipid pathways (the biosynthetic pathways of the thermomemory metabolite S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine and the terpenoid backbone) and the δ-tocopherol (chloroplast lipid) pathway, which favors the production of glycine betaine and other essential tocopherols, respectively, compounds which are essential for abiotic stress tolerance in plants. Therefore, metabolomic analysis can provide comprehensive insights into the metabolites involved in stress responses, which could facilitate plant breeding to maximize crop yields under adverse conditions.
Monitoring glycosylation metabolism in brain and breast cancer by Raman imaging
Authors: Kopec M. , Imiela A. , Abramczyk H. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractWe have shown that Raman microspectroscopy is a powerful method for visualization of glycocalyx offering cellular interrogation without staining, unprecedented spatial and spectral resolution, and biochemical information. We showed for the first time that Raman imaging can be used to distinguish successfully between glycosylated and nonglycosylated proteins in normal and cancer tissue. Thousands of protein, lipid and glycan species exist in cells and tissues and their metabolism is monitored via numerous pathways, networks and methods. The metabolism can change in response to cellular environment alterations, such as development of a disease. Measuring such alterations and understanding the pathways involved are crucial to fully understand cellular metabolism in cancer development. In this paper Raman markers of glycogen, glycosaminoglycan, chondroitin sulfate, heparan sulfate proteoglycan were identified based on their vibrational signatures. High spatial resolution of Raman imaging combined with chemometrics allows separation of individual species from many chemical components present in each cell. We have found that metabolism of proteins, lipids and glycans is markedly deregulated in breast (adenocarcinoma) and brain (medulloblastoma) tumors. We have identified two glycoforms in the normal breast tissue and the malignant brain tissue in contrast to the breast cancer tissue where only one glycoform has been identified.
Heparan Sulfate Mimetics: A New Way to Optimize Therapeutic Effects of Hydrogel-Embedded Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in Colonic Radiation-Induced Damage
Authors: Moussa Lara , Demarquay Christelle , Réthoré Gildas , Benadjaoud Mohamed Amine , Siñeriz Fernando , Pattapa Girish , Guicheux Jérôme , Weiss Pierre , Barritault Denis , Mathieu Noëlle 
Published: January 2019

AbstractClinical expression of gastrointestinal radiation toxicity on non-cancerous tissue could be very life threatening and clinicians must deal increasingly with the management of late side effects of radiotherapy. Cell therapy, in particular mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) therapy, has shown promising results in numerous preclinical animal studies and thus has emerged as a new hope for patient refractory to current treatments. However, many stem cell clinical trials do not confer any beneficial effect suggesting a real need to accelerate research towards the successful clinical application of stem cell therapy. In this study, we propose a new concept to improve the procedure of MSC-based treatment for greater efficacy and clinical translatability. We demonstrated that heparan sulfate mimetic (HS-m) injections that restore the extracellular matrix network and enhance the biological activity of growth factors, associated with local injection of MSC protected in a hydrogel, that increase cell engraftment and cell survival, improve the therapeutic benefit of MSC treatment in two animal models relevant of the human pathology. For the first time, a decrease of the injury score in the ulcerated area was observed with this combined treatment. We also demonstrated that the combined treatment favored the epithelial regenerative process. In this study, we identified a new way, clinically applicable, to optimize stem-cell therapy and could be proposed to patients suffering from severe colonic defect after radiotherapy.
Increasing the resolution of the reconstructed image in terahertz pulse time-domain holography
Authors: Balbekin Nikolay S. , Kulya Maksim S. , Belashov Andrey V. , Gorodetsky Andrei , Petrov Nikolay V. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractIn this paper, we present a novel numerical approach for increasing the resolution of retrieved images of objects after their diffraction patterns are recorded via terahertz pulse time-domain holography (THz PTDH). THz PTDH allows for spectrally resolved imaging with high spatial resolution and does not require the fine alignment of complex optics in the THz path. The proposed data post-processing method opens up the possibility to reconstruct holograms recorded with spatially restricted THz detectors, and overcome the diffraction limit even for the lower-frequency spectral components. The method involves an iterative procedure of backward-forward wavefront propagation to simulate the field distribution beyond the initially recorded hologram area. We show significant improvement in both the object reconstruction and contrast across the whole spectrum, with qualitative resolution enhancement at lower frequency spectral components.
The Phenolic compound Kaempferol overcomes 5-fluorouracil resistance in human resistant LS174 colon cancer cells
Authors: Riahi-Chebbi Ichrak , Souid Soumaya , Othman Houcemeddine , Haoues Meriam , Karoui Habib , Morel Alain , Srairi-Abid Najet , Essafi Makram , Essafi-Benkhadir Khadija 
Published: January 2019

AbstractResistance to 5-Fluorouracil chemotherapy is a major cause of therapeutic failure in colon cancer cure. Development of combined therapies constitutes an effective strategy to inhibit cancer cells and prevent the emergence of drug resistance. For this purpose, we investigated the anti-tumoral effect of thirteen phenolic compounds, from the Tunisian quince Cydonia oblonga Miller, alone or combined to 5-FU, on the human 5-FU-resistant LS174-R colon cancer cells in comparison to parental cells. Our results showed that only Kaempferol was able to chemo-sensitize 5-FU-resistant LS174-R cells. This phenolic compound combined with 5-FU exerted synergistic inhibitory effect on cell viability. This combination enhanced the apoptosis and induced cell cycle arrest of both chemo-resistant and sensitive cells through impacting the expression levels of different cellular effectors. Kaempferol also blocked the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and modulated the expression of JAK/STAT3, MAPK, PI3K/AKT and NF-κB. In silico docking analysis suggested that the potent anti-tumoral effect of Kaempferol, compared to its two analogs (Kaempferol 3-O-glucoside and Kampferol 3-O-rutinoside), can be explained by the absence of glucosyl groups. Overall, our data propose Kaempferol as a potential chemotherapeutic agent to be used alone or in combination with 5-FU to overcome colon cancer drug resistance.
Human TNF-Luc reporter mouse: A new model to quantify inflammatory responses
Authors: Minshawi Faisal , White Mike R. H. , Muller Werner , Humphreys Neil , Jackson Dean , Campbell Barry J. , Adamson Antony , Papoutsopoulou Stamatia 
Published: January 2019

AbstractTumour necrosis factor (TNF) is a key cytokine during inflammatory responses and its dysregulation is detrimental in many inflammatory diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis and inflammatory bowel disease. Here, we used a bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) construct that expresses luciferase under the control of the humanTNFlocus to generate a novel transgenic mouse, the hTNF.LucBAC strain.In vitrostimulation of hTNF.LucBAC cells of different origin revealed a cell specific response to stimuli demonstrating the integrated construct’s ability as a proxy for inflammatory gene response. Lipopolysaccharide was the most potent luciferase inducer in macrophages, while TNF was a strong activator in intestinal organoids. Lipopolysaccharide-induced luciferase activity in macrophages was downregulated by inhibitors of NF-κB pathway, as well as by Interleukin-10, a known anti-inflammatory cytokine. Moreover, the transgene-dependent luciferase activity showed a positive correlation to the endogenous murine soluble TNF secreted to the culture medium. In conclusion, the hTNF.LucBAC strain is a valuable tool for studying and screening molecules that target TNF synthesis and will allow further functional studies of the regulatory elements of theTNFlocus.
In-vivo correlations between skin metabolic oscillations and vasomotion in wild-type mice and in a model of oxidative stress
Authors: Smirni Salvatore , McNeilly Alison D. , MacDonald Michael P. , McCrimmon Rory J. , Khan Faisel 
Published: January 2019

AbstractArterioles in the cutaneous microcirculation frequently display an oscillatory phenomenon defined vasomotion, consistent with periodic diameter variations in the micro-vessels associated with particular physiological or abnormal conditions. The cellular mechanisms underlying vasomotion and its physiological role have not been completely elucidated. Various mechanisms were demonstrated, based on cell Ca2+ oscillations determined by the activity of channels in the plasma membrane or sarcoplasmic reticulum of vascular cells. However, the possible engagement in vasomotion of cell metabolic oscillations of mitochondrial or glycolytic origin has been poorly explored. Metabolic oscillations associated with the production of ATP energy were previously described in cells, while limited studies have investigated these fluctuations in-vivo. Here, we characterised a low-frequency metabolic oscillator (MO-1) in skin from live wild-type and Nrf2−/− mice, by combination of fluorescence spectroscopy and wavelet transform processing technique. Furthermore, the relationships between metabolic and microvascular oscillators were examined during phenylephrine-induced vasoconstriction. We found a significant interaction between MO-1 and the endothelial EDHF vasomotor mechanism that was reduced in the presence of oxidative stress (Nrf2−/− mice). Our findings suggest indirectly that metabolic oscillations may be involved in the mechanisms underlying endothelium-mediated skin vasomotion, which might be altered in the presence of metabolic disturbance.
Effect of intravitreal or sub-tenon triamcinolone acetonide injection at completion of vitrectomy on peripheral retinochoroidal thickness in eyes with proliferative diabetic retinopathy
Authors: Fujiwara Yoshito , Iwase Takeshi , Yamamoto Kentaro , Ueno Yoshitaka , Ra Eimei , Terasaki Hiroko 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe effect of triamcinolone acetonide (TA) on the peripheral retinochoroidal thickness was determined after pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) with scatter photocoagulation in eyes with proliferative diabetic retinopathy. The peripheral retinochoroidal thickness was measured at 5 mm from the limbus in the four quadrants using anterior segment optical coherence tomography before, and 3 days, and 1 and 2 weeks after the surgery. The total peripheral thickness was significantly thicker than the baseline thickness after PPV alone (P < 0.001; 18 eyes), PPV combined with intravitreal TA injection (IVTA;P = 0.011; 19 eyes), and PPV combined with sub-tenon TA injection (STTA;P = 0001; 23 eyes). The total peripheral thickness in the PPV group at 3 days after surgery was significantly thicker than that of the PPV + IVTA (P = 0.015) and of the PPV + STTA groups (P = 0.016). Multiple linear regression analyses showed that the injection of TA by the two routes and the number of photocoagulation burns were significantly correlated with the total peripheral thicknesses at 3 days after the surgery. The results indicate that the PPV with large number of intraoperative scatter photocoagulation burns caused an increase in the total peripheral thickness and an administration of either IVTA and STTA can reduced the degree of thickening.
Enhanced Macrophage Pannexin 1 Expression and Hemichannel Activation Exacerbates Lethal Experimental Sepsis
Authors: Chen Weiqiang , Zhu Shu , Wang Yongjun , Li Jianhua , Qiang Xiaoling , Zhao Xiaoling , Yang Huan , D’Angelo John , Becker Lance , Wang Ping , Tracey Kevin J. , Wang Haichao 
Published: January 2019

AbstractWe have recently reported an important role of Connexin 43 (Cx43) hemichannels in the pathogenesis of lethal sepsis through facilitating ATP efflux to potentiate the double-stranded RNA-activated protein kinase R (PKR)-dependent macrophage activation. Here we further elucidated the possible role of Pannexin 1 (Panx1) hemichannel in lethal sepsis by assessing its expression along with the impact of a Panx1-specific mimetic inhibitory peptide, 10Panx, on macrophage hemichannel activityin vitroand animal sepsis lethalityin vivo. Both crude bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and purified serum amyloid A (SAA) effectively induced the expression and extracellular release of Panx1 by macrophages or monocytes as judged by Western blotting and immunocytochemistry assays. In animal model of lethal sepsis, Panx1 expression levels were significantly elevated in the heart, but reduced in the kidney, lung, spleen, and blood. At relatively lower doses (10, 50, and 100 mg/kg), the Panx1 mimetic peptide, 10Panx, reproducibly exacerbated the sepsis-induced animal lethality, reducing survival rates from 60–70% to 0–10%. Consistently, 10Panx did not inhibit, but rather promoted, the LPS-induced elevation of Lucifer Yellow dye uptake, ATP release, and Nitric Oxide (NO) production. Collectively, these findings suggested that elevated macrophage Panx1 expression and hemichannel activation contribute to the pathogenesis of lethal sepsis.
Predictors of objective cognitive impairment and subjective cognitive complaints in patients with Fabry disease
Authors: Körver Simon , Geurtsen Gert J. , Hollak Carla E. M. , van Schaik Ivo N. , Longo Maria G. F. , Lima Marjana R. , Vedolin Leonardo , Dijkgraaf Marcel G. W. , Langeveld Mirjam 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThis study investigates the relationship between objective cognitive impairment (OCI), subjective cognitive complaints and depressive symptoms in men and women with classical and non-classical Fabry disease (FD). Cognitive functioning was assessed using a neuropsychological test battery, subjective cognitive complaints using a structured interview and depressive symptoms using a depression scale (CESD). Eighty-one patients were included (mean age 44.5 ± 14.3, 35% men, 74% classical). Subjective cognitive complaints were reported by 64% of all patients. OCI was present in thirteen patients (16%), predominantly in men with classical FD. Thirty-one patients (38%) had a high score (≥16) on the CESD scale. Male sex (OR, 6.8; 95%CI, 1.6–39.8; p = 1.6 * 10−2) and stroke (OR, 6.4; 95% CI, 1.1–41.0; p = 3.7 * 10−2) were independently positively associated with OCI, and premorbid IQ (one IQ point increase: OR, 0.91; 95%CI, 0.82–0.98; p = 3.8 * 10−2) was independently negatively associated with OCI. The CESD-score (one point increase: OR, 1.07; 95% CI, 1.02–1.13; p = 3.3 * 10−3) and a history of depression (OR, 2.7; 95% CI, 1.1–7.3; p = 3.9 * 10−2) were independently positively associated with subjective cognitive complaints. OCI is present in 16% of FD patients, warranting referral for neuropsychological assessment. Nevertheless, subjective cognitive complaints are related to depressive symptoms, emphasizing the importance of recognition and treatment of the latter.
Relationships of Haptoglobin Phenotypes with Systemic Inflammation and the Severity of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Authors: Lee Pao-Lin , Lee Kang-Yun , Cheng Tsai-Mu , Chuang Hsiao-Chi , Wu Sheng-Ming , Feng Po-Hao , Liu Wen-Te , Chen Kuan-Yuan , Ho Shu-Chuan 
Published: January 2019

AbstractChronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is caused by chronic inflammation. Many inflammatory mediators induce the low grade systemic inflammation of COPD. Haptoglobin (Hp) is synthesized in the liver and by lung epithelial and alveolar macrophage cells. However, associations of the serum concentration and phenotype of Hp with COPD are unclear. Therefore, we explored the association of the Hp concentration and Hp phenotype with the inflammatory response and COPD disease severity. We included healthy subjects and COPD patients. The Hp phenotype was categorized by SDS native-PAGE, and concentrations were determined by ELISA. In this trial Hp concentrations in COPD groups were significantly higher than those in healthy controls. There was a significant negative correlation between the Hp concentration and FEV1(%) (p < 0.001), while IL-6 and 8-isoprostane were positively correlated with the Hp concentration. As to the Hp phenotype, there were significant negative correlations between the FEV1 and both Hp2-1 and Hp2-2; IL-6 and 8-isoprostane were significantly positively correlated with Hp2-1 and Hp2-2. The ROC curve analysis of the Hp concentration was significantly higher than CRP. Hp concentrations and phenotype were positively correlated with the severity of COPD, especially Hp2-2. In the future, Hp can be considered a novel biomarker for identifying COPD.
INSIdE NANO: a systems biology framework to contextualize the mechanism-of-action of engineered nanomaterials
Authors: Serra Angela , Letunic Ivica , Fortino Vittorio , Handy Richard D. , Fadeel Bengt , Tagliaferri Roberto , Greco Dario 
Published: January 2019

AbstractEngineered nanomaterials (ENMs) are widely present in our daily lives. Despite the efforts to characterize their mechanism of action in multiple species, their possible implications in human pathologies are still not fully understood. Here we performed an integrated analysis of the effects of ENMs on human health by contextualizing their transcriptional mechanism-of-action with respect to drugs, chemicals and diseases. We built a network of interactions of over 3,000 biological entities and developed a novel computational tool, INSIdE NANO, to infer new knowledge about ENM behavior. We highlight striking association of metal and metal-oxide nanoparticles and major neurodegenerative disorders. Our novel strategy opens possibilities to achieve fast and accurate read-across evaluation of ENMs and other chemicals based on their biosignatures.
Real life Experience of Medical Cannabis Treatment in Autism: Analysis of Safety and Efficacy
Authors: Bar-Lev Schleider Lihi , Mechoulam Raphael , Saban Naama , Meiri Gal , Novack Victor 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThere has been a dramatic increase in the number of children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) worldwide. Recently anecdotal evidence of possible therapeutic effects of cannabis products has emerged. The aim of this study is to characterize the epidemiology of ASD patients receiving medical cannabis treatment and to describe its safety and efficacy. We analysed the data prospectively collected as part of the treatment program of 188 ASD patients treated with medical cannabis between 2015 and 2017. The treatment in majority of the patients was based on cannabis oil containing 30% CBD and 1.5% THC. Symptoms inventory, patient global assessment and side effects at 6 months were primary outcomes of interest and were assessed by structured questionnaires. After six months of treatment 82.4% of patients (155) were in active treatment and 60.0% (93) have been assessed; 28 patients (30.1%) reported a significant improvement, 50 (53.7%) moderate, 6 (6.4%) slight and 8 (8.6%) had no change in their condition. Twenty-three patients (25.2%) experienced at least one side effect; the most common was restlessness (6.6%). Cannabis in ASD patients appears to be well tolerated, safe and effective option to relieve symptoms associated with ASD.
The first complete mitochondrial genome of marigold pest thrips, Neohydatothrips samayunkur (Sericothripinae) and comparative analysis
Authors: Kumar Vikas , Tyagi Kaomud , Kundu Shantanu , Chakraborty Rajasree , Singha Devkant , Chandra Kailash 
Published: January 2019

AbstractComplete mitogenomes from the order Thysanoptera are limited to representatives of the subfamily Thripinae. Therefore, in the present study, we sequenced the mitochondrial genome of Neohydatothrips samayunkur (15,295 bp), a member of subfamily Sericothripinae. The genome possesses the canonical 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 transfer RNA genes (tRNAs), and two ribosomal RNA genes (rRNAs) as well as two putative control regions (CRs). The majority strand was 77.42% A + T content, and 22.58% G + C with weakly positive AT skew (0.04) and negative GC skew (−0.03). The majority of PCGs start with ATN codons as observed in other insect mitochondrial genomes. The GCG codon (Alanine) was not used in N. samayunkur. Most tRNAs have the typical cloverleaf secondary structure, however the DHU stem and loop were absent in trnV and trnS1, while the TΨC loop was absent in trnR and trnT. The two putative control regions (CR1 and CR2) show 99% sequence similarity indicated a possible duplication, and shared 57 bp repeats were identified. N. samayunkur showed extensive gene rearrangements, with 11 PCGs, 22 tRNAs, and two rRNAs translocated when compared to the ancestral insect. The gene trnL2 was separated from the ‘trnL2-cox2’ gene block, which is a conserved, ancestral gene order found in all previously sequenced thrips mitogenomes. Both maximum likelihood (ML) and Bayesian inference (BI) phylogenetic trees resulted in similar topologies. The phylogenetic position of N. samayunkur indicates that subfamily Sericothripinae is sister to subfamily Thripinae. More molecular data from different taxonomic groups is needed to understand thrips phylogeny and evolution.
Simulation and partial discharge detection for typical defects of 10 kV cable the joint
Authors: Xia Yunfeng , Song Xinming , He Jianzong , Jia Zhidong , Wang Xilin 
Published: January 2019

In order to explore the partial discharge characteristics of 10 kV XLPE insulated cable (hereinafter referred to as ‘XLPE cable’), first six typical defects are made on the main insulation according to the requirements of the installation process and the key process in which quality problem easily occur. They are: The main insulation has a dent, the main insulation has a knife wound, the main insulation has a metal tip, the main insulation surface has impurities, the high voltage end has a metal tip, and the stripping of the semi‐conductive fracture is irregular. Then, the voltage step up test is carried out, and the test is monitored by the local discharge detection system. The test results show that the typical defects caused by the installation of 10 kV XLPE cable joint will produce serious local discharge phenomenon, and the initial discharge voltage is low and the stable discharge quantity is large.