bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Heritable methylation marks associated with breast and prostate cancer risk
Authors: Dugué Pierre‐Antoine , Dowty James G. , Joo Jihoon E. , Wong Ee M. , Makalic Enes , Schmidt Daniel F. , English Dallas R. , Hopper John L. , Pedersen John , Severi Gianluca , MacInnis Robert J. , Milne Roger L. , Giles Graham G. , Southey Melissa C. 
Published: May 2018

BackgroundDNA methylation can mimic the effects of germline mutations in cancer predisposition genes. Recently, we identified twenty‐four heritable methylation marks associated with breast cancer risk. As breast and prostate cancer share genetic risk factors, including rare, high‐risk mutations (eg, in BRCA2), we hypothesized that some of these heritable methylation marks might also be associated with the risk of prostate cancer.MethodsWe studied 869 incident prostate cancers (430 aggressive and 439 non‐aggressive) and 869 matched controls nested within a prospective cohort study. DNA methylation was measured in pre‐diagnostic blood samples using the Illumina Infinium HM450K BeadChip. Conditional logistic regression models, adjusted for prostate cancer risk factors and blood cell composition, were used to estimate odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for the association between the 24 methylation marks and the risk of prostate cancer.ResultsFive methylation marks within the VTRNA2‐1 promoter region (cg06536614, cg00124993, cg26328633, cg25340688, and cg26896946), and one in the body of CLGN (cg22901919) were associated with the risk of prostate cancer. In stratified analyses, the five VTRNA2‐1 marks were associated with the risk of aggressive prostate cancer.ConclusionsThis work highlights a potentially important new area of investigation for prostate cancer susceptibility and adds to our knowledge about shared risk factors for breast and prostate cancer.
Suitability analysis of software reliability models for its applicability on NPP systems
Authors: Kumar Pramod , Singh Lalit Kumar , Kumar Chiranjeev 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe advent of software components in the safety critical systems of nuclear power plant has introduced new challenges for software professionals to provide increased software reliability. Several proposals have been proposed for ensuring software reliability in different phases of software development life cycle. The present article is a novel attempt in providing an exhaustive survey of software reliability models for their applicability on safety critical systems of nuclear power plants. Our systematic review shows that none of the proposals for ensuring software reliability are applicable on such systems. The issues and challenges are discussed, and a software reliability model for safety critical system of nuclear power plants is proposed.
HNCR model following robust approach
Authors: Giorgetti Alessandro , Arcidiacono Gabriele , Ciappi Andrea , Barbieri Riccardo , Citti Paolo 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThis paper introduces a new model for Non‐Conformity Management, aimed at overcoming the limitations occurring when dealing with Non‐Conformities through traditional methods like Root Cause Analysis. The need to suggest a new approach to Non‐Conformities Management is connected to those situations where a large variety of Non‐Conformities is recorded, with a significant number of low‐impacting ones; addressing them directly through methods like Root Cause Analysis would often be not economically viable. In this context, the paper discusses Holistic Non‐Conformities Reduction (HNCR) approach as a suitable option to address this kind of business situations. In particular, the contribution of this paper is related to the development of HNCR model and the evaluation of how to properly structure the model and the flow that shall be followed. By clustering Non‐Conformities into flexible categories to be easily modified, expanded and rearranged through time, the HNCR model allows to identify new critical Non‐Conformity families, otherwise hardly detectable. A proof of concept relative to HNCR deployment is presented: 2 different scenarios are introduced, the first being the Non‐Conformities management within the extended supply chain of a large pharmaceutical distribution centre, while the second deals with Non‐Conformities in the context of a company's new programs development.
Size‐Tunable Synthesis of Colloidal Silver Sulfide Nanocrystals for Solution‐Processed Photovoltaic Applications
Authors: Ahmad Razi , Srivastava Ritu , Bhardwaj Hema , Yadav Sushma , Nand Singh Vidya , Chand Suresh , Singh Nidhi , Sapra Sameer 
Published: May 2018

AbstractSilver sulfide (Ag2S) quantum dots (QDs) exhibit promising candidature for low‐cost solution‐processed photovoltaic devices due to its narrow band gap, high optical absorption coefficient, and being composed of environment friendly materials. In this work, we have synthesized a series of different sized and nearly monodispersed Ag2S quantum dots by using thioacetamide as sulfur source at relatively low temperature (< 100 °C). Transmission electron microscopy and X‐ray diffraction studies suggests that the as‐synthesized QDS are nearly monodisperse and highly crystalline. The optical band gap and energy levels of valence and conduction bands were determined by absorption and ultraviolet photoemission spectroscopy, respectively. A hybrid solar cell based on blends of poly (3‐hexylthiophene) and Ag2S QDs were fabricated and tested for photovoltaic application. The results indicate that Ag2S QDs are promising material for the fabrication of low cost and environment friendly polymer‐QDs hybrid optoelectronics devices.
Upconversion Luminescence Enhancement and Relative Intensity Changing Mechanism of β‐NaYF4:20%Yb3+,2%Er3+ Microcrystals in a Two‐Step Ion Exchange Process
Authors: Liu Wenting , Yang Zhenglin , Zhang Qiqi , Yan Jingyu , Wang Song 
Published: May 2018

AbstractEfficient enhanced upconversion luminescence (UCL) in β‐NaYF4:20%Yb3+,2%Er3+ microcrystals has been synthesized via two‐step ion exchange reaction. The influence of NaF concentration in ion exchange step on the crystal structure and the UCL property are analyzed. High concentration of NaF in the ion exchange process can enhance the UCL efficiently. Time resolved spectra are utilized to investigate the UCL enhancement and relative intensity changing mechanism. Temperature dependent UCL spectra are utilized to understanding the influence of defects on relative intensity changing. It is found that ion exchange with high concentration of NaF will decrease the body defects, which contribute to the UCL enhancement and decrease of red to green emission intensity ratio.
Concentration Flow Cells for Efficient Salinity Gradient Energy Recovery with Nanostructured Open Framework Hexacyanoferrate Electrodes
Authors: Zhu Xiuping , Xu Wangwang , Tan Guangcai , Wang Ying 
Published: May 2018

AbstractSalinity gradient (SG) energy is a large and renewable resource for clean energy production, which naturally exists between seawater and river water, and can also be created during desalination processes and at various industry sites. Recently, a new approach for efficient SG energy recovery was proposed based on concentration flow cells. However, it is not clear what the working principle of this new system is and how the electrode properties will affect the performance of this system. In this study, four different hexacyanoferrate electrodes (copper hexacyanoferrate, CuHCF; nickel hexacyanoferrate, NiHCF; manganese hexacyanoferrate, MnHCF; zinc hexacyanoferrate, ZnHCF) were explored in this system and the properties of these electrodes after discharging in synthetic seawater and freshwater were fully examined. Na+ intercalation/deintercalation processes on the hexacyanoferrate electrodes were confirmed by cyclic voltammetry, X‐ray powder diffraction, and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, which significantly depend on the crystal structures and elemental compositions of the electrodes. NiHCF and CuHCF worked well, while MnHCF and ZnHCF showed much worse performance. Additionally, it is clearly demonstrated that this system works likely to sodium‐ion batteries and cation intercalation desalination, with Na+ intercalation at the cathode and Na+ deintercalation at the anode during discharging, but charged by salinity gradients instead of electrical power.
A Flexible, Binder‐Free Graphene Oxide/Copper Sulfides Film for High‐Performance Sodium Ion Batteries
Authors: Liu Wen , Shi Bin , Wang Yong , Li Yong , Pei Haijuan , Guo Rui , Hou Xuwang , Zhu Kai , Xie Jingying 
Published: May 2018

AbstractA flexible, binder‐free graphene oxide/copper sulfides (GO/CuS) film with 3D sandwich‐like structure and porous architecture is assembled by a vacuum filtration approach for sodium ion batteries. GO sheets in this flexible film‐electrode play a key role in enhancing the electrochemical performance. The CuS film‐electrode with a thickness of 50 μm delivers an initial discharge capacity of 639.0 mAh g−1 and remains a capacity retention of 81.3% (the second cycle) after 100 cycles at 0.10 C, significantly higher than those of conventional CuS electrode with Al current collector. Furthermore, the flexible, binder‐free GO/CuS electrode displays notably improved rate performance, evidencing the potential for wearable energy storage devices.
Transport Properties of Light Gases in Nanochannels of L–Leu‐L‐Ser Dipeptide Crystals: A Comparative Study by Molecular Dynamics Simulations
Authors: Biernacki Krzysztof , Sousa Sergio F. , Gales Luis , Ramos Maria J. , Magalhães Alexandre L. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractDipeptide crystals are stable microporous organic materials which have shown potential to be applied on storage and selective separation techniques with lower environmental impact than other traditional inorganic materials. We present a Molecular Dynamics study on the flow of gas molecules, namely Ar, N2, O2, CH4, CO and CO2 through porous L–Leucyl‐L‐Serine (LS) crystals, at 298 K and elevated pressures, when nanochannels are under saturation conditions.
Efficient Synthesis of 2,4,5‐Substituted Thiazoles via Intramolecular Knoevenagel Condensation–Cyclization Reaction Using TEA under Microwave Irradiation Conditions
Authors: Kumbar Suresh S. , Hosamani Kallappa M. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractAn approach to 2,4,5‐substituted thiazoles containing coumarins were synthesized via Intramolecular Knoevenagel condensation–cyclization reaction using triethylamine (TEA) as a base and are confirmed by spectroscopic analysis. In‐vitro screening, molecular docking (performed to preferred binding mode and supports the interaction of thiazole‐coumarin derivatives with enzyme) studies are reported. A detailed study subsidized by theoretical calculations directed us to determine that: an intact thiazole and coumarin rings appear to be needful for a strong antifungal activity, dis similarly determined by the substituents on coumarin and change in nitrogen rings. All the derived conjugates are fungicide and enhancing their antifungal inhibition due to different substitutions. The presence of flexible connecting N‐substitutions found to be required for antifungal inhibition, although its ring size shows reciprocally with antifungal nature in most fungi. Some active derivatives did not found effective inhibitor against bacterial strains, indicating that their inhibition is selective to pathogenic fungi and also they are non‐toxic at MIC concentrations.
Synthesis of Novel α‐Aminophosphonate Derivatives, Biological Evaluation as Potent Antiproliferative Agents and Molecular Docking
Authors: Deshmukh Satish U. , Kharat Kiran R. , Yadav Ashok R. , Shisodia Suresh U. , Damale Manoj G. , Sangshetti Jaiprakash N. , Pawar Rajendra P. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractA series of novel fluorine containing α‐aminophosphonate derivatives (4 a–4 q) were synthesized in excellent yield and high purity. All these novel Fluorinated α‐aminophosphonate compounds were screened for antiproliferative and apoptosis activity on human non small cell lung carcinoma cells (A549) and human skin melanoma cells (SK‐MEL‐2). Compounds 4 a, 4 b, 4 c, 4 f, 4 i, 4 j and 4 m were found to be more active antiproliferative agent against A549 and SK‐MEL‐2 cells with IC50 value 0.22 to 1.25 μM. Molecular docking study related to binding affinity and binding mode analysis showed that synthesized compounds had potential to inhibit human Topoisomerase IIa enzyme system. Flow cytometric study showed some of these derivatives also induced cell apoptosis and arrest cell cycle at G1 and at G2/M phase. Overall, this study provides future perspective of lead candidate for the future anticancer drug discovery initiatives.
Acetylated Lignins: A Potential Bio‐Sourced Photosensitizer
Authors: Marchand Guillaume , Calliste Claude A. , Williams René M. , McLure Charlotte , Leroy‐Lhez Stéphanie , Villandier Nicolas 
Published: May 2018

AbstractNowadays, lignins are receiving an increasing interest from the scientific community. Indeed, this biopolymer, formerly considered a waste‐product of the paper industry, appears today as an interesting oil equivalent in many fields. In this context, many chemical modifications of lignins have been presented to valorize this attractive feedstock. However, spectroscopic properties of these modified materials remain poorly studied, in particular their capacity to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) under light irradiation. Thus, the purpose of this work is to monitor the production of singlet oxygen and superoxide anion under light irradiation of three different acetylated lignins. The results obtained show that those modified lignins can generate ROS levels, allowing to consider a use of these materials as photosensitizers for applications such as photodynamic treatments.
Phonological regularity, perceptual biases, and the role of phonotactics in speech error analysis
Authors: Alderete John , Tupper Paul 
Published: May 2018

Speech errors involving manipulations of sounds tend to be phonologically regular in the sense that they obey the phonotactic rules of well‐formed words. We review the empirical evidence for phonological regularity in prior research, including both categorical assessments of words and regularity at the granular level involving specific segments and contexts. Since the reporting of regularity is affected by human perceptual biases, we also document this regularity in a new data set of 2,228 sublexical errors that was collected using methods that are demonstrably less prone to bias. These facts validate the claim that sound errors are overwhelmingly regular, but the new evidence suggests speech errors admit more phonologically ill‐formed words than previously thought. Detailed facts of the phonological structure of errors, including this revised standard, are then related to model assumptions in contemporary theories of phonological encoding.This article is categorized under:

Linguistics > Linguistic Theory
Linguistics > Computational Models of Language
Psychology > Language
Cognitive and linguistic biases in morphology learning
Authors: Finley Sara 
Published: May 2018

Morphology is the study of the relationship between form and meaning. The study of morphology involves understanding the rules and processes that underlie word formation, including the use and productivity of affixes, and the systems that create novel word forms. The present review explores these processes by examining the cognitive components that contribute to typological regularities among morphological systems across the world's language. The review will focus on research in morpheme segmentation, the suffixing preference, acquisition of morphophonology, and acquiring morphological categories and inflectional paradigms. The review will highlight research in a range of areas of linguistics, from child language acquisition, to computational modeling, to adult language learning experiments. In order to best understand the cognitive biases that shape morphological learning, a broad, interdisciplinary approach must be taken.This article is categorized under:Linguistics > Linguistic TheoryLinguistics > Language AcquisitionPsychology > Language
A d-dimensional stress tensor for Minkd+2 gravity
Authors: Kapec Daniel , Mitra Prahar 
Published: May 2018

AbstractWe consider the tree-level scattering of massless particles in (d+2)-dimensional asymptotically flat spacetimes. The$$ \mathcal{S} $$S-matrix elements are recast as correlation functions of local operators living on a space-like cut ℳdof the null momentum cone. The Lorentz group SO(d+ 1,1) is nonlinearly realized as the Euclidean conformal group on ℳd. Operators of non-trivial spin arise from massless particles transforming in non-trivial representations of the little group SO(d), and distinguished operators arise from the soft-insertions of gauge bosons and gravitons. The leading soft-photon operator is the shadow transform of a conserved spin-one primary operatorJa, and the subleading soft-graviton operator is the shadow transform of a conserved spin-two symmetric traceless primary operatorTab. The universal form of the soft-limits ensures thatJaandTabobey the Ward identities expected of a conserved current and energy momentum tensor in a Euclidean CFTd, respectively.
Risk Factors for Postoperative Delirium After Gastrectomy in Gastric Cancer Patients
Authors: Honda Shinsaku , Furukawa Kenichiro , Nishiwaki Noriyuki , Fujiya Keiichi , Omori Hayato , Kaji Sanae , Makuuchi Rie , Irino Tomoyuki , Tanizawa Yutaka , Bando Etsuro , Kawamura Taiichi , Terashima Masanori 
Published: May 2018

AbstractPurposeThe incidence of postoperative delirium is reported to range from 9 to 87%; however, no report has focused on cases of postoperative delirium in gastric cancer surgery alone. Therefore, we investigated the incidence of and risk factors for postoperative delirium after gastrectomy in patients with gastric cancer.MethodsA total of 1037 patients who underwent surgery were included in the study. Patients were divided into two groups—those with (delirium group) or without (non‐delirium group) postoperative delirium—and their backgrounds were compared. The short‐term outcomes and the overall survival were also investigated.ResultsPostoperative delirium was observed in 47 of 1037 patients (4.5%). A multivariate analysis revealed that male gender, age ≥ 75 years, a history of cerebrovascular disease, and the habitual use of sleeping pills were independent predictive factors for postoperative delirium. The postoperative hospital stay was significantly longer in the postoperative delirium group than in the non‐delirium group. Postoperative delirium was significantly associated with postoperative complications. The 3‐year overall survival was 74.3% in the delirium group and 85.5% in the non‐delirium group (log‐rank p = 0.006). A multivariate analysis revealed that postoperative delirium was an independent prognostic factor, along with the age and cancer stage.ConclusionThe incidence of postoperative delirium was 4.5% in gastric cancer patients. Male gender, age ≥ 75 years, a history of cerebrovascular disease, and the habitual use of narcoleptic agents were risk factors for postoperative delirium after gastrectomy in gastric cancer patients. Postoperative delirium was strongly associated with other postoperative complications and a poor survival after surgery.
The Estimate of the Impact of Coccyx Resection in Surgical Field Exposure During Abdominal Perineal Resection Using Preoperative High‐Resolution Magnetic Resonance
Authors: São Julião Guilherme Pagin , Ortega Cinthia D. , Vailati Bruna Borba , Coutinho Francisco A. B. , Rossi Gustavo , Habr‐Gama Angelita , Fernandez Laura Melina , Araújo Sérgio Eduardo Alonso , Brown Gina , Perez Rodrigo Oliva 
Published: May 2018

AbstractObjectiveTo estimate the improvement in surgical exposure by removal of the coccyx, during abdomino‐perineal resection (APR), in rectal cancer patients.MethodsRetrospective study of 29 consecutive patients with rectal cancer was carried out. Using MR T2 sagittal series, the solid angle was estimated using the angle determined by the anterior resection margin and the tip of coccyx (no coccyx resection) or the tip of last sacral vertebra (coccyx resection). The solid angle provides an estimate of the tridimensional surface area provided by an original angle resulting in the best estimate of the surgeon’s view/exposure to the critical dissecting point of choice (anterior rectal wall). The difference (“Gain”) in surgical field exposure by removal of the coccyx was compared by the solid angle variation between the two estimates (with and without the coccyx).ResultsRoutine removal of the coccyx determines an average 42% (95% CI 27–57%) gain in surgical field exposure area facing the anterior rectal wall at the level of the prostate/vagina by the surgeon. Fifteen (51%) patients had ≥30% (median) estimated gain in surgical field exposure by coccygectomy. There was no association between BMI, age or gender and estimated gain in surgical field exposure area.ConclusionsRoutine removal of the coccyx during APR may result in an average increase in 42% in surgical field exposure during APR’s perineal dissection. Precise estimation of surgical field exposure gain by removal of the coccyx may be predicted by MR sagittal series for each individual patient.
On the Rapid Assessment of Mechanical Behavior of a Prototype Nickel-Based Superalloy using Small-Scale Testing
Authors: Sulzer Sabin , Alabort Enrique , Németh André , Roebuck Bryan , Reed Roger 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
An electro-thermal mechanical testing (ETMT) system is used to assess the mechanical behavior of a prototype single-crystal superalloy suitable for industrial gas turbine applications. Miniaturized testpieces of a few mm2 cross section are used, allowing relatively small volumes to be tested. Novel methods involving temperature ramping and stress relaxation are employed, with the quantitative data measured and then compared to conventional methods. Advantages and limitations of the ETMT system are identified; particularly for the rapid assessment of prototype alloys prior to scale-up to pilot-scale quantities, it is concluded that some significant benefits emerge.
A case of papilloma associated with topical tacrolimus ointment for tongue ulcers
Authors: Masui Atsushi , Hamada Masakazu , Yura Yoshiaki 
Published: May 2018

AbstractWe report a case of tongue papilloma that developed after the topical administration of tacrolimus. A 68‐year‐old man was admitted to our hospital with pain in his mouth. The diagnosis was ulcerative stomatitis. Although corticosteroids were ineffective, marked improvements were noted with the use of tacrolimus ointment. During follow‐up observations, papillomas were observed on the tongue at the site of ointment application. The recurrence of papillary lesions was noted, but the lesions disappeared following the oral administration of a 5‐fluorouracil formulation after pancreatic cancer surgery. In this case, tacrolimus ointment may have been associated with the formation of papilloma on the tongue.