bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Struktur Komunitas Odonata di Kawasan Wana Wisata Curug Semirang Kecamatan Ungaran Barat, Semarang
Authors: Irawan Frendi , Hadi Mochamad , Tarwotjo Udi 
Published: March 2018

Dragonflies role as a predator in an ecosystem and become a healthy aquatic bio-indicators related to the life cycle. The diversity of habitat, food and predators affect community structure dragonfly. This study aims to determine the composition and community structure dragonfly morning and afternoon as well as the relationship with the physical environmental factors on four habitat in Semirang waterfall. Research using transect Point Count method. Statistically, the biodiversity of odonata in each habitat is significantly different. The results shows there are 15 species from 10 Family in morning observations and 12 species of 6 Family in afternoon observations, with a total of 17 species of 10 family of odonata. Biodiversity in each station is low to moderately with high evenness. The highest abundance found in river habitat without the canopy during the afternoon that Vestalis luctuosa (61.29%), while the lowest abundance found in the the canopied river habitat when afternoon that is Drepanosticta spatulifera (1.33%). Common species at area of Semirang waterfall are Euphaea variegata, Orthetrum sabina and Vestalis luctuosa. Endemic species at area of Semirang waterfall are Heliocypha fenestrata, Drepanosticta spatulifera and D. sundana. Key words : Community structure, Odonata, Semirang waterfall
Introduction to Diophantine Approximation. Part II
Authors: Watase Yasushige 
Published: March 2018

Summary
In the article we present in the Mizar system [1], [2] the formalized proofs for Hurwitz’ theorem [4, 1891] and Minkowski’s theorem [5]. Both theorems are well explained as a basic result of the theory of Diophantine approximations appeared in [3], [6]. A formal proof of Dirichlet’s theorem, namely an inequation |θ−y/x| ≤ 1/x2 has infinitely many integer solutions (x, y) where θ is an irrational number, was given in [8]. A finer approximation is given by Hurwitz’ theorem: |θ− y/x|≤ 1/√5x2. Minkowski’s theorem concerns an inequation of a product of non-homogeneous binary linear forms such that |a1x + b1y + c1| · |a2x + b2y + c2| ≤ ∆/4 where ∆ = |a1b2 − a2b1| ≠ 0, has at least one integer solution.
A Dual-Mode Microwave Applicator for Liver Tumor Thermotherapy
Authors: Reimann Carolin , Schüßler Martin , Jakoby Rolf , Bazrafshan Babak , Hübner Frank , Vogl Thomas 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
The concept of a novel dual-mode microwave applicator for diagnosis and thermal ablation treatment of tumorous tissue is presented in this paper. This approach is realized by integrating a planar resonator array to, firstly, detect abnormalities by a relative dielectric analysis, and secondly, perform a highly localized thermal ablation. A further essential advantage is addressed by designing the applicator to be MRI compatible to provide a multimodal imaging procedure. Investigations for an appropriate frequency range lead to the use of much higher operating frequencies between 5 GHz and 10 GHz, providing a significantly lower power consumption for microwave ablation of only 20 W compared to commercial available applicators.
Green synthesis of nanocapsules for self-healing anticorrosion coating using ultrasound-assisted approach
Authors: Bagale Uday D. , Sonawane Shirish H. , Bhanvase Bharat A. , Kulkarni Ravindra D. , Gogate Parag R. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe present work deals with the production of nanocapsules containing a natural corrosion inhibition component.Azadirachta indica wasencapsulated in urea-formaldehyde polymeric shell using ultrasound-assisted and conventional approaches of in situ polymerization. Subsequently nanocapsules were incorporated into clear epoxy polyamide to develop the green self-healing corrosion inhibition coating. The actual performance of the coating was evaluated based on the studies involving the repair of the crack of high solid surface coating. Corrosion inhibition of the healed area has been evaluated using the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and immersion test based on the use of standard epoxy coating. The obtained results confirmed better corrosion protection in terms of the electrochemical impendence spectroscopy data and Tafel plot. It was found that current density decreases from 0.0011 A/cm2(for standard epoxy coating) to 5.22 E−7A/cm2as 4 wt% nanocapsules incorporated in coating.
Green Practices with Renewable Distributed Generation Technology in India
Authors: Kumar Manish , Samuel Cherian 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
In the modern electricity sector, power industries are facing the challenge to meet exponentially growing electricity demand with the constraint of reducing carbon emission. Overcoming these issues, the power sector is getting motivated to use decentralized renewable energy based renewable distributed generation (RDG) technology to meet growing demand and reduce carbon emission to meet the government environmental regulations and social equality. The role of management and small size generating units are playing as the key factor in the adoption of green RDG practices. In this work, authors identified factors influencing power sector to adopt green RDG practices through a survey in Indian power industries. After analysis of survey data, the role of government regulation as the most important factor in choosing environment friendly practices has been identified. A significant relationship has been shown between government regulations and managerial concern for using green RDG practices with apparent stakeholder pressures. Findings show that effect of factors influencing green RDG environmental regulation is significant. This analysis will help in the decision-making process to increase concern over green RDG practices.
Robotic colorectal surgery: more than a fantastic toy?
Authors: Toh James W.T. , Phan Kevin , Kim Seon-Hahn 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThere has been a rapid rise in the number of robotic colorectal procedures worldwide since the da Vinci Surgical System robotic technology was approved for surgical procedures in the year 2000. Several recent meta-analyses and systematic reviews have shown a significant difference in outcomes between robotic and laparoscopic rectal cancer surgery. However, these results from pooled data have not been supported by the initial results reported from the Robotic assisted versus laparoscopic assisted resection for rectal cancer trial. In this article, we examine the current evidence for robotic colorectal surgery, assess its features and functionality, evaluate its learning curve and provide our perspective on its future.
Subchronic oral toxicity study of Habb-e-Suranjan in albino Wistar rats
Authors: Ghazanfar Khalid , Dar Showkat A , Nazir Tazeen , Akbar Seema 
Published: March 2018

Abstract

Background

Habb-e-Suranjan (HS) is a Unani pharmacopoeial formulation used for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. The present study was carried to evaluate the toxic potential of HS in albino Wistar rats.

Methods
The subchronic was carried out at the dose levels of 2440 mg/kg of body weight in both sexes. The rats were observed carefully for any behavioral change for next 24 hours (hr) after the administration of the drug and daily twice thereafter till the completion of experimentation. Water/feed consumption and body weight were recorded on weekly basis. The rats were sacrificed on 91st day after overnight fasting. Blood was collected for hematological and biochemical analysis. The rats were dissected and organs were observed for any morphological changes. Organ samples were collected for histological studies.

Results
There were no incidences of mortality/morbidity found in any of the treated rats. HS caused no significant difference in the body weights as well as relative organs weights of treated groups when compared with the control groups. There were no significant changes found in any biochemical, hematological and histopathological parameters that could indicate any signs of toxicity.

Conclusions
The study suggests that HS is safe and did not induce any adverse effect in rats.
Ist eine makroprudenzielle Regulierung des deutschen Hypothekenmarktes geboten?
Authors: Lerbs Oliver , Voigtländer Michael 
Published: March 2018

Zusammenfassung
Die Bundesregierung hat neue Instrumente der makroprudenziellen Regulierung für den deutschen Hypothekenmarkt geschaffen. Oliver Lerbs und Michael Voigtländer untersuchen die Notwendigkeit der Anwendung dieser Instrumente vor dem Hintergrund bestehender Finanzierungsgewohnheiten und Regulierungen. Angesichts der im internationalen Vergleich bereits als konservativ anzusehenden Ausgestaltung der Wohnimmobilienfinanzierung erscheint ein Einsatz makroprudenzieller Instrumente auf absehbare Zeit nicht erforderlich. Grundsätzlich sollten Entscheidungen hierüber regelgebunden auf Grundlage belastbarer Einzelkreditdaten erfolgen. Dafür bedarf es insgesamt eines besseren Monitorings des Immobilienfinanzierungsmarktes.
Debate Over the Economic Role of the State in Poland in the Works of the Representatives of the Kraków School, the Leviathan Organization and the First Economic Brigade in the Years 1919–1939
Authors: Jarosz-Nojszewska Anna 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
As Poland regained independence in 1918, it immediately had to deal with the question of how to shape its political and economic system. One important but at the same time controversial issue was the level of the state’s involvement in the economic life of the country and the measures used. In numerous debates among economists, the dominant topics included problems in the industry - in particular issues such as statism, monopolization, policy towards cartels and, in the later period, economic planning. The article presents the course of the discussion on the role of the state in the economy that took place in Poland in the years 1918-1939, as well as a review of arguments put forward by the proponents and opponents of state’s economic interventionism. For the purpose of this article, three groups that were most active in the debate were selected: the Kraków School, the Leviathan organization and the First Economic Brigade.
“In Order to Adapt the Consumption...”. The Creation of a Rationing System for Petrol in the Polish People’s Republic in the 1980s
Authors: Zawistowski Andrzej 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
In post-war Poland, rationing was introduced on three occasions: right after the war in 1945, then in 1951, and at the turn of the 1980s. In 1976, rationing cards for sugar were introduced, in 1981 - for meat, fats, cereal products, cleaning products and many other goods. Fuels were the last product added to this list. This article describes the process of introducing a rationing system for petrol in the Polish People’s Republic. Though the supply system crashed as early as 1981, it took several years to organize a rationing system for petrol. Its evolution did not end until 1984. This delay was caused by the long discussions on how the system should be built. This forced the authorities to introduce a whole range of temporary solutions which limited the demand in the short run, but had no soothing effect whatsoever on the society. To the contrary - the chaos they created intensified negative tendencies (such as speculation), led to market insecurity, and increased mistrust of state regulations.
Consumer Policy in Poland in the Period of Transformation
Authors: Malczyńska-Biały Mira 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
The article is based on an analysis of Polish and international legal acts, government programs and literature, and aims at presenting the concept and the scope of consumer policy in the period of systemic transformation in Poland. The publication features an analysis of the major factors shaping consumer policy in Poland in the years 1989-2004. Selected international legal acts affecting consumer protection in the years 1989-1997 were also analyzed. Elements of consumer policy present in selected governmental economic programs in the period of transformation were synthesized. It was assumed that consumer policy in the period of systemic transformation indirectly resulted from the economic policy of the government. Its shape was primarily affected by the social and economic transformation occurring since 1989 and the birth of free market economy. The process of adjusting the Polish legislation to the European Union standards, which began in 1991, and subsequent accession to the European Union in 2004 also played an important role.
Long-Term Depression Is Independent of GluN2 Subunit Composition
Authors: Wong Jonathan M. , Gray John A. 
Published: March 2018

NMDA receptors (NMDARs) mediate both long-term potentiation and long-term depression (LTD) and understanding how a single receptor can initiate both phenomena remains a major question in neuroscience. A prominent hypothesis implicates the NMDAR subunit composition, specifically GluN2A and GluN2B, in dictating the rules of synaptic plasticity. However, studies testing this hypothesis have yielded inconsistent and often contradictory results, especially for LTD. These inconsistent results may be due to challenges in the interpretation of subunit-selective pharmacology and in dissecting out the contributions of differential channel properties versus the interacting proteins unique to GluN2A or GluN2B. In this study, we address the pharmacological and biochemical challenges by using a single-neuron genetic approach to delete NMDAR subunits in conditional knock-out mice. In addition, the recently discovered non-ionotropic nature of NMDAR-dependent LTD allowed the rigorous assessment of unique subunit contributions to NMDAR-dependent LTD while eliminating the variable of differential charge transfer. Here we find that neither the GluN2A nor the GluN2B subunit is strictly necessary for either non-ionotropic or ionotropic LTD.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTNMDA receptors are key regulators of bidirectional synaptic plasticity. Understanding the mechanisms regulating bidirectional plasticity will guide development of therapeutic strategies to treat the dysfunctional synaptic plasticity in multiple neuropsychiatric disorders. Because of the unique properties of the NMDA receptor GluN2 subunits, they have been postulated to differentially affect synaptic plasticity. However, there has been significant controversy regarding the roles of the GluN2 subunits in synaptic long term depression (LTD). Using single-neuron knock-out of the GluN2 subunits, we show that LTD requires neither GluN2A nor GluN2B.
All in the Family? Missionaries, Marriage, and Universal Kinship in Jane Eyre
Authors: Werner Winter Jade 
Published: March 2018

Winter Jade Werner, “All in the Family? Missionaries, Marriage, and Universal Kinship in Jane Eyre” (pp. 452–486)
As a number of critics have shown, Charlotte Brontë’s Jane Eyre (1847) has as a central theme the analysis of certain essential contradictions in a constellation of ideas concerning kinship and race. In this essay, I propose that these contradictions—which receive fullest exposition in the missionary St John’s determination to wed his kinswoman Jane—gesture toward the history of these issues as they were enacted in missionary literature. Jane Eyre, this essay contends, roots itself in a fraught phase of the Protestant missionary movement: the brief period of time prior to the 1820s when missionary societies, eager to realize what they termed “universal kinship,” not only permitted but encouraged missionaries to enter into interracial marriages. These marriages, however, proved more reciprocal in influence than missionary societies had anticipated. Ultimately they undermined assumptions of British Christians’ “natural” superiority over “natives”—the very assumptions that underwrote missionary work in the first place. Unnerved by the reciprocity and openness these unions appeared to establish between spouses, missionary societies began discouraging intermarriage and dissociated conceptions of “universal kinship” from actual racial mixing. This period of controversy unifies the novel’s anxious focus on family formation and interracial marriage. In exposing how intermarriages worked to legitimate and problematize evangelical understandings of universal kinship, Jane Eyre ultimately suggests that there exists a crucial link between St John’s proposed endogamous union with his kinswoman and Rochester and Bertha’s intermarriage—the former becomes the conceptual alternative to the latter.
Vps74 Connects the Golgi Apparatus and Telomeres in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Rodrigues Joana , Banks Peter , Lydall David 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
In mammalian cell culture, the Golgi apparatus fragment upon DNA damage. GOLPH3, a Golgi component, is a phosphorylation target of DNA-PK after DNA damage and contributes to Golgi fragmentation. The function of the yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) ortholog of GOLPH3, Vps74, in the DNA damage response has been little studied, although genome-wide screens suggested a role at telomeres. In this study we investigated the role of Vps74 at telomeres and in the DNA damage response. We show that Vps74 decreases the fitness of telomere defective cdc13-1 cells and contributes to the fitness of yku70Δ cells. Importantly, loss of Vps74 in yku70Δ cells exacerbates the temperature dependent growth defects of these cells in a Chk1 and Mec1-dependent manner. Furthermore, Exo1 reduces the fitness of vps74Δ yku70Δ cells suggesting that ssDNA contributes to the fitness defects of vps74Δ yku70Δ cells. Systematic genetic interaction analysis of vps74Δ, yku70Δ and yku70Δ vps74Δ cells suggests that vps74Δ causes a milder but similar defect to that seen in yku70Δ cells. vps74Δ cells have slightly shorter telomeres and loss of VPS74 in yku70Δ or mre11Δ cells further shortens the telomeres of these cells. Interestingly, loss of Vps74 leads to increased levels of Stn1, a partner of Cdc13 in the CST telomere capping complex. Overexpression of Stn1 was previously shown to cause telomere shortening, suppression of cdc13-1 and enhancement of yku70Δ growth defects, suggesting that increased levels of Stn1 may be the route by which Vps74 affects telomere function. These results establish Vps74 as a novel regulator of telomere biology.
Linkage Disequilibrium Estimation in Low Coverage High-Throughput Sequencing Data
Authors: Bilton Timothy P , McEwan John C , Clarke Shannon M , Brauning Rudiger , van Stijn Tracey C , Rowe Suzanne J , Dodds Ken G 
Published: March 2018

AbstractHigh-throughput sequencing methods provide a cost-effective approach for genotyping and are commonly used in population genetics studies. A drawback of these methods, however, is that sequencing and genotyping errors can arise...High-throughput sequencing methods that multiplex a large number of individuals have provided a cost-effective approach for discovering genome-wide genetic variation in large populations. These sequencing methods are increasingly being utilized in population genetic studies across a diverse range of species. Two side-effects of these methods, however, are (1) sequencing errors and (2) heterozygous genotypes called as homozygous due to only one allele at a particular locus being sequenced, which occurs when the sequencing depth is insufficient. Both of these errors have a profound effect on the estimation of linkage disequilibrium (LD) and, if not taken into account, lead to inaccurate estimates. We developed a new likelihood method, GUS-LD, to estimate pairwise linkage disequilibrium using low coverage sequencing data that accounts for undercalled heterozygous genotypes and sequencing errors. Our findings show that accurate estimates were obtained using GUS-LD, whereas underestimation of LD results if no adjustment is made for the errors.
Quantitative Determination of Arbutin and Hydroquinone in Different Plant Materials by HPLC
Authors: RYCHLINSKA Izabela , NOWAK Slawomira 
Published: March 2018

A simple, fast method of high-performance liquid chromatography for the determination and quantification of arbutin andÂ hydroquinone in many different raw materials was developed and validated. The optimum conditions for the separation and detectionÂ of these two constituents were achieved on a LiChro-CARD 125-4 SuperspherÂ®100 RP-18 column with the water-methanol (gradientÂ elution) mobile phase and recorded at 289 nm. The purities of peaks were verified by PDA analysis of impurities. The results of validationÂ have shown that the HPLC method is stable and accurate for the simultaneous determination of arbutin and hydroquinone in extractsÂ from various plants. The developed method gave a good sensitivity (LOD 1Âµg/ml for arbutin and 0.49 Âµg/ml for hydroquinone) withÂ linearity R2Â >0.9993 (for both). The relative standard deviation of the method was less than 2.53% for intra-day assays and 3.23% forÂ inter-day assay, the accuracy of the recovery test ranged from 98.96% to 106.4%. This method was used in comparative qualitative analysisÂ of arbutin and hydroquinone in 16 different raw materials from families Lamiaceae, Ericacaeae, Saxifragaceae, Rosaceae. The content ofÂ arbutin in B. ciliata, B. cordifolia and Ledum palustre was examined for the first time.
Evaluation of Six Methods for Extraction of Total RNA from Loquat
Authors: LING Zhang , ZHIKE Zhang , SHUNQUAN Lin , TINGTING Zheng , XIANGHUI Yang 
Published: March 2018

Â Trizol extraction for polysaccharide-rich plant tissue was unsuitable for isolating total RNA from loquat fruit. CTAB-LiCl extraction was improved with pretreatment using washing buffer with 80% ethanol and 70% acetone. The RNA isolated by this protocol from different loquat fruit tissue at various development periods, was high in purity (A260/A280 ratio ranged from 1.81 to 1.99 and A260/A230 ratio was over 2.0), and high in yield.