bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Holism, or the Erosion of Modularity: A Methodological Challenge for Validation
Authors: Lenhard Johannes 
Published: July 2018

AbstractModularity is a key concept in building and evaluating complex simulation models. My main claim is that in simulation modeling modularity tends to degenerate for reasons inherent to simulation methodology. The argument will proceed by analyzing the techniques of parameterization, tuning, and kludging. They are—to a certain extent—inevitable when building complex simulation models but erode modularity. As a result, the common account of validating simulations faces a major problem, namely, a problem of holism. In the conclusion, I will ask to what extent holism sets limits to validation.
Utilization of Arduino Uno on DikaTron TV Trainer Kit
Authors: Syaputra A , Pantjawati A B 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
This study aims to design Android-based TV trainer with DikaTron app on smartphone is an innovation from previous TV trainer. TV trainer is designed by connecting TV circuit path through the relay to the system that will be controlled, such as a sound circuit, image, color, power supply, tunner, and more. This TV trainer combines Arduino UNO, relay, Bluetooth modules, and TV circuit, with DikaTron application software that installed in smartphone. The Arduino Uno, relay and Bluetooth modules are located in a box separate from the TV set, so it can be developed to control other devices. Through the trial obtained results in accordance with the desired, this means that the function on the television set can work properly and can be controlled from the smartphone via Bluetooth network. From the research conducted can be concluded that Android-based TV trainer with DikaTron app on smartphone can work in accordance with the desired specifications and can be used to support the lab activities.
Implementation of Instructional Media Trainer Fiber Optic Sensor System on Sensor and Actuator Learning in SMKN 1 Katapang Bandung
Authors: Faozan Y M R , Mulyanti B , Wahyudin D 
Published: July 2018

AbstractInstructional media trainer of fiber optic sensor system is media that utilize optical fiber as props in the lessons sensors and actuators. The purpose of this research is the study of students learning outcomes on subjects sensor and actuator by use trainer fiber optic sensor system and student’s responds about media has used. The method used in this research is experimental design, with the pre-experimental design. This research was conducted in class XI technique electronics industry (TEI) 1 in SMKN 1 Katapang Bandung with 38 students. The research results show that there has been increasing study results students who demonstrated by the strengthening ( the gain ) study results students on the cognitive domain an average of 0,64 in the medium category. In the domain affective and in the domain psychomotor the average value on the good predicate. All of students gives a very positive responds about implementation of this media. From the results of this research can be stated that using fiber optic sensor system could improve student learning outcomes and students’s response is very positive to the media used. Thus we can conclude that fiber optic sensor system on the subjects of sensor and actuator can improve learning outcomes students and very use full to be used in vocational school.
Development of Fiber Optic Chemical Sensor for Monitoring Acid Rain Level
Authors: Mulyanti B , Faozan Y M R , Putro W S , Pawinanto R E , Budi A H S , Sugandi G , Pantjawati A B 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Acid rain event is very dangerous for human activity especially in five cities of Indonesia. Here, acid rain has consistently attacked over five cities in Indonesia such as Jakarta, Manado, Pontianak, Bogor, and Surabaya with average pH level 4.22 to 6.34 in July 2010. Thus, in this study aim to develop Fiber Optic Chemical Sensor (FOCS) for monitoring acid rain level over five cities in Indonesia. The development of FOCS is used evanescent wave type and photodiode FDS10X10 to monitor acid rain quality. In this study, the Optical Power Meter (OPM) is used as a validator equipment to capture FOCS capability. The result shows absorption loss was successfully detected using OPM and photodiode FDS10X10 in FOCS evanescent wave type. Here, the maximum value ammonia mass over acid rain level has successfully detected with value range 7.12 dBm to 8.34 dBm and 7.51 dBm to 7.71 dBm using photodiode FDS10X10 and OPM, respectively. The good result over validation process shows FOCS has successful working with strong correlation 0.78 to monitor acid rain level.
Accuracy of Administrative Health Data for Surveillance of Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Lasry Oliver , Dendukuri Nandini , Marcoux Judith , Buckeridge David L. 
Published: July 2018

Background:
Traumatic brain injury surveillance provides information for allocating resources to prevention efforts. Administrative data are widely available and inexpensive but may underestimate traumatic brain injury burden by misclassifying cases. Moreover, previous studies evaluating the accuracy of administrative data surveillance case definitions were at risk of bias by using imperfect diagnostic definitions as reference standards. We assessed the accuracy (sensitivity/specificity) of traumatic brain injury surveillance case definitions in administrative data, without using a reference standard, to estimate incidence accurately.

Methods:
We used administrative data from a 25% random sample of Montreal residents from 2000 to 2014. We used hierarchical Bayesian latent class models to estimate the accuracy of widely used traumatic brain injury case definitions based on the International Classification of Diseases, or on head radiologic examinations, covering the full injury spectrum in children, adults, and the elderly. We estimated measurement error-adjusted age- and severity-specific incidence.

Results:
The adjusted traumatic brain injury incidence was 76 (95% CrI = 68, 85) per 10,000 person-years (underestimated as 54 [95% CrI = 54, 55] per 10,000 without adjustment). The most sensitive case definitions were radiologic examination claims in adults/elderly (0.48; 95% CrI = 0.43, 0.55 and 0.66; 95% CrI = 0.54, 0.79) and emergency department claims in children (0.45; 95% CrI = 0.39, 0.52). The most specific case definitions were inpatient claims and discharge abstracts (0.99; 95% CrI = 0.99, 1.00). We noted strong secular trends in case definition accuracy.

Conclusions:
Administrative data remain a useful tool for conducting traumatic brain injury surveillance and epidemiologic research when measurement error is adjusted for.
BILATERAL ENDOGENOUS ENDOPHTHALMITIS FROM STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAE
Authors: Brill Daniel A. , Farley Nathan D. , Albert Desiree C. , Sassalos Therese M. , Sangave Amit A. , Desai Uday R. 
Published: July 2018

Purpose:
To report a case of bilateral endogenous endophthalmitis from Streptococcus pneumoniae with devastating sequelae.

Methods:
Interventional case report.

Results:
A 56-year-old man presented with acute bilateral blurred vision and floaters with fever and hemodynamic instability. Previously, he was diagnosed with acute otitis externa and reported manually extracting several of his own teeth. He underwent a vitreous tap and intravitreal antibiotic injections. Blood and vitreous cultures were positive for S. pneumoniae. The patient later developed life-threatening medical sequelae. His final visual acuity was no light perception in the right eye and 20/25 in the left eye.

Conclusion:
Diagnosing endogenous endophthalmitis early is essential to initiating a systemic evaluation for potentially life-threatening medical conditions, including sepsis, endocarditis, and osteomyelitis. A high degree of suspicion, expeditious treatment, and interdisciplinary collaboration are essential to maximizing patient outcomes.
Adenomatous Neuroendocrine Tumors of the Middle Ear: A Multi-institutional Investigation of 32 Cases and Development of a Staging System
Authors: Marinelli John P. , Cass Stephen P. , Mann Scott E. , Haynes David S. , Hunter Jacob B. , Isaacson Brandon , Sweeney Alex D. , Pelosi Stanley , Willcox Thomas O. , O’Connell Brendan P. , Rivera Michael , Lane John I. , Carlson Matthew L. 
Published: July 2018

Objective:
To date, less than 150 cases of middle ear adenomatous neuroendocrine tumors (MEANTs) have been reported in the English literature. The objective of this study was to provide a contemporary analysis of these rare lesions and develop a consensus-driven staging system.

Study Design:
Multi-institutional retrospective histopathologic, radiologic, and clinical review.

Setting:
Six tertiary referral centers.

Patients:
Thirty-two patients with pathologically confirmed MEANT.

Intervention:
Surgical resection, adjuvant therapy.

Main Outcome Measures:
Clinical manifestations, outcomes, staging system.

Results:
Patients commonly presented with progressive conductive or mixed hearing loss (90%), aural fullness (50%), and tonal tinnitus (46%). Pulsatile tinnitus (16%), carcinoid syndrome (4%), and facial nerve paresis (4%) were less commonly observed. MEANTs frequently mimicked temporal bone paraganglioma (31%) and cholesteatoma (15%) at presentation. According to a novel T/N/M/S staging system (S = secretory tumor) proposed herein, there were 6 (19%) T1, 19 (59%) T2, and 7 (22%) T3 MEANTs. T3 tumors were significantly more likely to undergo subtotal or near total resection compared with lower staged tumors secondary to adherence to critical neurovascular structures such as the petrous internal carotid artery and facial nerve (p = 0.027). Patients with T3 MEANTs were more likely to experience multiple recurrences, require adjuvant therapy with a somatostatin analogue, or develop permanent facial nerve paresis compared with lower staged tumors. At last follow up, no patients with T1 MEANTs had developed recurrence, whereas 37% (7/19) of patients with T2 MEANT and 57% (4/7) of patients with T3 MEANT experienced either disease recurrence after gross total resection (GTR) or regrowth of known residual tumor requiring additional surgery at a median duration of 72 months (95% CI, 24–84).

Conclusions:
Patients with MEANTs can present with nonspecific symptomatology that overlaps with more commonly encountered middle ear lesions. MEANT exhibits a proclivity for recurrence according to T-stage and long-term clinical follow up is necessary, particularly for advanced stage tumors.
A Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing Colonoscopic Enema With Additional Oral Preparation as a Salvage for Inadequate Bowel Cleansing Before Colonoscopy
Authors: Yang Hyo-Joon , Park Dong Il , Park Soo-Kyung , Kim Sunyong , Lee Taeheon , Jung Yunho , Eun Chang Soo , Han Dong Soo 
Published: July 2018

Goals:
The goal of this study was to evaluate the noninferiority of colonoscopic enema to additional oral preparation in salvage bowel cleansing for inadequate preparation for a morning colonoscopy.

Background:
Colonoscopic enema, administering additional cathartics into the right colon through the colonoscope accessory channel, is suggested to rescue poor bowel preparation for a colonoscopy but lacking comparative study.

Study:
In this prospective, randomized, actively-controlled, parallel group, noninferiority trial, consecutive outpatients and health checkup recipients aged from 19 to 70 years with inappropriate bowel preparation during an elective colonoscopy were enrolled to receive either a colonoscopic enema of 1 L polyethylene glycol (PEG) (enema group) or additional oral intake of 2 L PEG (oral group). The primary endpoint was the proportion of adequate bowel preparation evaluated using the Boston Bowel Preparation Scale.

Results:
Overall, 131 participants were randomized. Adequate bowel preparation was achieved in 53% (35/66) of the enema group, which was significantly inferior to the oral group (81.5%; 53/67) with a difference of −28.5% (95% confidence interval, −44.1, −12.9; P=0.001). The largest difference in the proportion of adequate bowel preparation was observed in the right colon (57.8% in the enema group vs. 86.9% in the oral group; P<0.001), followed by the transverse colon (85.9% vs. 98.4%; P=0.017) and the left colon (90.6% vs. 96.7%; P=0.274).

Conclusions:
The colonoscopic enema of 1 L PEG was inferior to the additional oral ingestion of 2 L PEG regarding efficacy as a salvage bowel preparation in adults with inadequate bowel cleansing for colonoscopy.
Reestablishment of Lymphatic Drainage after Vascularized Lymph Node Transfer in a Rat Model
Authors: Najjar Marc , Lopez Marcos M. , Ballestin Alberto , Munabi Naikhoba , Naides Alexandra I. , Noland Roberto Daniel , Blackburn Collin , Akelina Yelena , Ascherman Jeffrey A. 
Published: July 2018

Background:
Vascularized lymph node transfer has recently received attention as a potential surgical treatment for lymphedema. Despite good results in some series, the mechanism and benefits of vascularized lymph node transfer have yet to be fully understood. This study aimed to investigate the reestablishment of drainage into transferred lymph nodes following vascularized lymph node transfer in a rat model.

Methods:
Seven rats underwent vascularized lymph node transfer. The operation performed on each rat consisted of two parts. First, the left groin lymph node basin with superficial epigastric vessels was harvested as a free flap. Second, the flap was reattached in the left groin of the rat by means of end-to-end microvascular anastomoses. Anastomosis patency was assessed immediately postoperatively and at the time of animal sacrifice. The rats were evaluated for reestablishment of lymphatic flow into the transplanted nodes at 1-month intervals for at least 6 months postoperatively. This was accomplished noninvasively by injecting the rats in their flanks with fluorescent indocyanine green, which was detected using a Photodynamic Eye infrared camera.

Results:
Anastomoses were patent in all seven rats immediately postoperatively. No indocyanine green uptake was seen in the transplanted lymph node basins in the first 2 months postoperatively in any of the rats. In five of seven rats, however, indocyanine green uptake was demonstrated in the transplanted lymph node basin by 6 months (average, 13 weeks).

Conclusion:
The authors report uptake of indocyanine green in five of seven rats at an average of 13 weeks after lymph node transplantation, consistent with the reestablishment of lymphatic drainage into the transplanted nodes.
Ten-Year Survival After Peptide Receptor Radionuclide Therapy of a Metastatic Well-differentiated G3 Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Neoplasm
Authors: Zhang Jingjing , Kulkarni Harshad R. , Singh Aviral , Baum Richard P. 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Substantial molecular and clinical heterogeneity of high-grade neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) G3, all of which were previously referred to as neuroendocrine carcinomas, has been observed. Although data are still limited, somatostatin receptor expression in well-differentiated G3 NENs of the pancreas (according to the new WHO 2017 classification) may enable peptide receptor radionuclide therapy for these patients. We report our treatment experience of a G3 NEN patient with discordant Ki-67 proliferation indices (between primary tumor and the metastases), who had a long survival over a span of 10 years with excellent quality of life and no adverse effects after repeated cycles of PRRT.
Lambert-Eaton Myasthenic Syndrome Associated With Extrapulmonary Small Cell Cancer Detected by 18F-FDG PET/CT
Authors: Chen Guoqian , Fu Zhanli , Chen Xueqi , Li Qian 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
A 46-year-old woman suffering from lower extremity weakness, dysarthria, dysphagia, dyspnea, and dry mouth was suspected of having Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome based on the characteristic electromyographic abnormalities of right ulnar nerve, which demonstrated reduced resting compound muscle action potential amplitude and greater than 100% incremental change in high-frequency repetitive nerve stimulation. An 18F-FDG PET/CT was performed to detect the underlying neoplasm and revealed a retroperitoneal soft tissue mass with high 18F-FDG avidity in the left iliac fossa. The patient's symptoms were prominently relieved after the tumor resection, and the histopathology indicated a small cell carcinoma.
Evolutionary Distance Predicts Recurrence After Liver Transplantation in Multifocal Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Heits Nils , Brosch Mario , Herrmann Alexander , Behrens Robin , Röcken Christoph , Schrem Harald , Kaltenborn Alexander , Klempnauer Jürgen , Kreipe Hans-Heinrich , Reichert Benedikt , Lenschow Christina , Wilms Christian , Vogel Thomas , Wolters Heiner , Wardelmann Eva , Seehofer Daniel , Buch Stephan , Zeissig Sebastian , Pannach Sven , Raschzok Nathanael , Dietel Manfred , von Schoenfels Witigo , Hinz Sebastian , Teufel Andreas , Evert Matthias , Franke Andre , Becker Thomas , Braun Felix , Hampe Jochen , Schafmayer Clemens 
Published: July 2018

Background
Liver transplantation (LTx) is a potentially curative treatment option for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in cirrhosis. However, patients, where HCC is already a systemic disease, LTx may be individually harmful and has a negative impact on donor organ usage. Thus, there is a need for improved selection criteria beyond nodule morphology to select patients with a favorable outcome for LTx in multifocal HCC. Evolutionary distance measured from genome-wide single-nucleotide polymorphism data between tumor nodules and the cirrhotic liver may be a prognostic marker of survival after LTx for multifocal HCC.

Methods
In a retrospective multicenter study, clinical data and formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded specimens of the liver and 2 tumor nodules were obtained from explants of 30 patients in the discovery and 180 patients in the replication cohort. DNA was extracted from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded specimens followed by genome wide single-nucleotide polymorphism genotyping.

Results
Genotype quality criteria allowed for analysis of 8 patients in the discovery and 17 patients in the replication set. DNA concentrations of a total of 25 patients fulfilled the quality criteria and were included in the analysis. Both, in the discovery (P = 0.04) and in the replication data sets (P = 0.01), evolutionary distance was associated with the risk of recurrence of HCC after transplantation (combined P = 0.0002). In a univariate analysis, evolutionary distance (P = 7.4 × 10−6) and microvascular invasion (P = 1.31 × 10−5) were significantly associated with survival in a Cox regression analysis.

Conclusions
Evolutionary distance allows for the determination of a high-risk group of recurrence if preoperative liver biopsy is considered.
Sexual Dysfunctions Induced by Pregabalin
Authors: Hamed Sherifa Ahmed 
Published: July 2018

Objectives
Pregabalin (PGB) is a gabapentinoid (ie, GABA analog), which has been Food and Drug Administration–approved for treatment of partial epilepsy in adults and neuropathic pain. It also has off-label uses for the treatment of generalized anxiety disorders, fibromyalgia, and tension headache and prevention of migraine. Few cases were reported with sexual dysfunctions (SDs) as adverse effects of PGB and gabapentin, and the majority were dose related (≥900 mg/d for gabapentin). This study aimed to determine the frequency and types of SDs induced by PGB and the temporal relation to its use.

Methods
We presented case series of patients (n = 75) treated with PGB for different indications (sciatica, atypical facial pain, chronic tension headache, transformed migraine, fibromyalgia, and generalized anxiety disorder and developed different aspects of SDs).

Results and Conclusions
In this case series, SDs were noticed with PGB in 41.33% (n = 31) (men, 13 [50%]; women, 18 [36.73%]), which included erectile dysfunction (n = 16, 51.61%), anorgasmia (n = 10, 32.26%), and loss of libido (n = 11, 35.48%). Sexual dysfunctions occurred within weeks after the use of PGB and were not dose related. They occurred with low therapeutic PGB doses (50–100 mg/d). Discontinuation of PGB resulted in improvement of SDs within weeks. To conclude, SDs are not infrequent adverse effects of PGB therapy. Pregabalin can induce erectile dysfunction, loss of libido, and anorgasmia. Sexual dysfunctions induced by PGB are not dose related. It is important for the clinician to acknowledge and encourage discussion regarding sexual function with patients and inquire about the impact of PGB on sexual function.
Interocular Symmetry and Repeatability of Foveal Outer Nuclear Layer Thickness in Congenital Achromatopsia
Authors: Mastey Rebecca R. , Litts Katie M. , Langlo Christopher S. , Patterson Emily J. , Strampe Margaret R. , Carroll Joseph 
Published: July 2018

ABSTRACTPurposeTo examine the intraobserver repeatability of foveal outer nuclear layer (ONL) thickness measurements and evaluate interocular symmetry for patients with achromatopsia (ACHM) and controls.DesignCross-sectional study.SubjectsSixty-four patients withCNGA3- orCNGB3-associated ACHM and 38 patients with normal vision were recruited for analysis.MethodsHorizontal line scans through the fovea of each eye were acquired using optical coherence tomography. Three foveal ONL thickness measurements were made by a single observer using custom software to analyze repeatability. Interocular symmetry was assessed using the average of the three measurements for each eye.Main Outcome MeasuresThe main parameter being measured is foveal ONL thickness.ResultsMean (± SD) foveal ONL thickness for ACHM patients was 74.86 ± 17.82μm (OD) and 75.30 ± 15.68μm (OS) compared to 110.60 ± 15.67μm (OD) and 110.53 ± 13.91μm (OS) for controls. Foveal ONL thickness did not differ between eyes for ACHM (p = 0.821) or control patients (p = 0.961). Intraobserver repeatability was high for foveal ONL measurements in ACHM patients (ICC = 0.939, OD and 0.915, OS) and controls (ICC = 0.991, OD and 0.984, OS).ConclusionsFoveal ONL thickness can be measured with excellent repeatability. While foveal ONL thickness is reduced in ACHM compared to controls, the high interocular symmetry indicates that contralateral ONL measurements could be used as a negative control in early-phase monocular treatment trials.
Hydrogen sulfide promotes nodulation and nitrogen fixation in soybean-rhizobia symbiotic system
Authors: Zou Hang , Zhang Ni-Na , Pan Qing , Zhang Jian-Hua , Chen Juan , Wei Ge-Hong 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe rhizobium-legume symbiotic system is crucial for nitrogen cycle balance in agriculture. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), a gaseous signaling molecule, may regulate various physiological processes in plants. However, whether H2S has regulatory effect in this symbiotic system remains unknown. Herein, we investigated the possible role of H2S in the symbiosis between soybean (Glycine max) and rhizobium (Sinorhizobium fredii). Our results demonstrated that exogenous H2S donor (sodium hydrosulfide, NaHS) treatment promoted soybean growth, nodulation and nitrogenase (Nase) activity. Western blotting analysis revealed that the abundance of nitrogenase component nifH was increased by NaHS treatment in nodules. Quantitative real-time PCR data showed that NaHS treatment up-regulated the expressions of symbiosis-related genesnodCandnodDofS. fredii. Besides, expression of soybean nodulation marker genes including early nodulin 40 (GmENOD40), ERF required for nodulation (GmERN), nodulation signaling pathway2b (GmNSP2b) and nodulation inception genes (GmNIN1a, GmNIN2aandGmNIN2b) were up-regulated. Moreover, the expressions of glutamate synthase (GmGS), nitrite reductase (GmNiR), ammonia transporter (GmSAT1), andnifHinvolved in nitrogen metabolism were up-regulated in NaHS-treated soybean roots and nodules. Together, our results suggested that H2S may act as a positive signaling molecule in soybean-rhizobia symbiotic system and enhance their nitrogen fixation ability.HighlightWe demonstrated for the first time that H2S as a signaling molecule may promote the establishment of symbiotic relationship and nitrogen fixation ability in the soybean-rhizobia symbiotic system.