bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Building a More Resilient, Inclusive Public Health Infrastructure: Insights From Chicago's Community‐Based COVID‐19 Corps
Authors: Hebert‐Beirne Jeni , Kim Sage , Forst Linda , Kapadia Guddi , Grant Alexis , Velonis Alisa , Dworkin Mark , Acosta Maggie , Jay Kim , Ghebenei Diana , Thompson Caesar , Stiehl Emily 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTEmergency events such as natural disasters, pandemics, and other health disasters have a predictably disproportionate impact on vulnerable populations and the COVID‐19 pandemic was not an exception. To respond to potentially catastrophic consequences of COVID‐19 and to build an infrastructure for a more inclusive recovery, in June 2020, the Chicago Department of Public Health partnered with a state university school of public health, a community college that prepares students for healthcare occupations, a research institute at a private university, a public health institute affiliated with a hospital system, and a workforce development organisation. The team formed the Chicago COVID‐19 Contact Tracing Corps (ChiTracing). Centring the expertise of grassroots community‐based organisations (CBOs), ChiTracing partnered with 31 CBOs operating in the highest hardship community areas. These CBOs hired and trained over 500 community members, who had a history of unemployment, as neighbourhood‐level public health ambassadors and contact tracers, known as the ChiTracing Corps members. Informed by a shared theory of change, we brought three strategies to this work: investing in a new public health infrastructure by centring trusted CBOs and people with lived experience of systems of oppression as part of the public health system, increasing awareness and knowledge of public health and available resources for the most vulnerable, and fostering relationships and power building among diverse collaborators. In this paper, we highlight lessons learnt and share insights on how future efforts can bring collaborative, inclusive approaches to public health workforce development.
Effect of controlled‐release nitrogen fertilizer on St. Augustinegrass during the summer fertilization prohibition period for lawns in Florida
Authors: Wasylik Tracey , Cisar John , Williams Karen , Snyder Raymond , Park Dara , Guertal Elizabeth , Fidanza Michael 
Published: December 2024

AbstractSt. Augustinegrass (Stenotaphrum secundatum [Walter] Kuntze) is the most commonly produced turfgrass sod in Florida and also represents the predominately used species for lawns and landscapes in Florida. The “Florida Friendly Fertilizer Use” law prohibits the use of fertilizers containing nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) from June 1 through September 30. Two field studies were conducted to evaluate the effect of a controlled‐release N fertilizer on St. Augustinegrass lawn growth and health during the summer fertilizer prohibition period. Polyon‐coated granular fertilizers with 44.5, 43, 42, or 41%N‐0%P2O5‐0%K2O were applied prior to the prohibition period. Each fertilizer was coated to produce a different controlled N release time. In both studies, replicated test plots were evaluated for visual turfgrass quality, yield (i.e., oven‐dry clipping weight), and leaf N content. All fertilizer treatments provided acceptable St. Augustinegrass quality during the fertilizer prohibition period. Higher yields and higher leaf N content were associated with Polyon 41, which may be attributed to the longer N release characteristics of that fertilizer. Applying a controlled‐release N source prior to the fertilization prohibition period could be beneficial to maintaining St. Augustinegrass during the June 1 through September 30 fertilizer prohibition period.
Arenobufagin Induces Ferroptosis in Glioblastoma Cells via Modulating the MiR‐149‐5p/AEBP1 Axis
Authors: Hu Renzhi , Tang Sisi , Xiang Yanrui , Qin Shuyong 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTAccumulating evidences have proved Arenobufagin (ArBu) exhibited cytotoxic effects to multiple types of cancer. However, in glwioblastoma (GBM), which is easy to develop resistance to classic chemotherapy reagent, the therapeutic effects of ArBu have not been explored. In the current study, we found that GBM cells were sensitive to ArBu treatment and ArBu induced cell death both in a dose‐dependent and a time‐dependent manner. ArBu was observed to promote ROS accumulating and elevate Fe2+/MDA/GSH level, which lead to ferroptosis. Mechanistically, ArBu significantly downregulated AEBP1 expression and decreased the mRNA stability of AEBP1 without affecting its transcription. Then, AEBP1 mRNA was predicted to bind with miR‐149‐5p in GBM cells, which directly target its 3′UTR. At last, we found ArBu could upregulate miR‐149‐5p to suppress AEBP1 expression, and the rescue experiments confirmed miR‐149‐5p/AEBP1 axis regulated ferroptosis, which underlay the therapeutic effects of ArBu in GBM cells. This study revealed that ArBu induced ferroptosis in a dose‐dependent manner via modulating miR‐149‐5p/AEBP1 axis. It provides evidences for clinical application of ArBu for GBM.
The Impact of Offence Type and Gender‐Role Attitudes on Sentencing Decisions for Male and Female Offenders
Authors: Trist Nina Sophie , Tzani‐Pepelasi Calli , Ioannou Maria , Williams Thomas James Vaughan , Mojtahedi Dara , Fumagalli Anita 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTResearch on sentencing decisions has found female offenders are often sentenced more leniently than male offenders. However, mixed findings have prompted researchers to argue that other factors, such as the offence type and gender‐role attitudes of the decision‐maker, may also play a role. This study is a loose replication of previous research conducted with a Turkish sample, to establish whether gender and gender‐role attitudes can predict sentencing decisions in a UK sample, and if there is an interaction effect of these variables, for three different crimes. Participants included 143 University students and members of the public between the ages of 18–64, who were randomly assigned to either the male or female offender condition. Three vignettes were presented, and participants rated their level of agreement that the offender should be incarcerated and recommended a sentence length. Gender‐role attitudes were also measured using the Sex‐Roles Egalitarianism Scale and on average the sample had strong egalitarian attitudes. Neither gender nor gender‐role attitudes were found to be significant predictors of sentencing decisions, and there was no significant interaction effect. Findings were not consistent with those in the original study which is likely due to the UK endorsing greater gender equality and having more egalitarian attitudes. Limitations associated with the sample and use of vignettes highlight the importance of continued research into gender‐based sentencing, and there are important implications for judicial training to help reduce the influence of personal biases in the courtroom.
Malnutrition and risks of atrial fibrillation recurrence after catheter ablation
Authors: Wattanachayakul Phuuwadith , Srikulmontri Thitiphan , Prasitsumrit Vitchapong , Suenghataiphorn Thanathip , Danpanichkul Pojsakorn , Kewcharoen Jakrin , Charoenngam Nipith , Mainigi Sumeet 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBackgroundRecent data showed an association between malnutrition and increased all‐cause mortality and thromboembolic risk in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). However, the impact of malnutrition on the clinical outcomes for patients undergoing catheter ablation for AF is still debated. Our study aimed to examine this relationship using all existing available data.MethodsWe conducted a systematic review of MEDLINE and EMBASE databases from inception to April 2024, analyzing the association between malnutrition, assessed by the Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI), and the risk of AF recurrence in patients who underwent catheter ablation for AF, compared to those without malnutrition. Relative Risk (RR) or hazard ratio (HR) and 95% CIs were retrieved from each study and combined using the generic inverse variance method.ResultsWe included 3 cohort studies with 1697 participants undergoing AF ablation (10.9%) who had malnutrition indicated by GNRI score below 98. Patients with malnutrition had a higher risk of AF recurrence following catheter ablation for AF compared to those without malnutrition (Pooled RR = 2.74, 95% CI 1.36–5.51, I2 = 67%, p = .005).ConclusionsOur pooled analysis indicates that malnourished patients undergoing catheter ablation for AF have an increased risk of AF recurrence compared to non‐malnourished patients.
A Comparative Analysis of Open Versus Minimally Invasive Pancreatoduodenectomies
Authors: Valukas Catherine S. , Zaza Norah M. , Vitello Dominic , Odell David D. , Merkow Ryan , Bentrem David J. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackground and ObjectivesPancreatoduodenectomy (PD) has been associated with significant morbidity and mortality. To reduce morbidity, minimally invasive pancreatoduodenectomies (MIPD) have become more prevalent. We aimed to compare short‐term survival and complications for open (OPD) versus MIPD and to assess the relationship between operative approach and operative time on outcomes.MethodsPatients undergoing PD between 2017 and 2020 were identified within the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP). The primary outcome was operative time, and the secondary outcomes were death at 30 days, reoperation, readmission, and NSQIP‐identified 30‐day postoperative complications. A multivariable logistic regression was performed.ResultsA total of 14 977 PDs were performed from 2017 to 2020. MIPD increased from less than 8% of pancreatoduodenectomies performed in 2017 to over 10% of PD by 2020. Of the MIPD cohort, 62% were robotic, and 38% were laparoscopic, with robotic surgery becoming most prevalent by the end of the study period. MIPD was associated with significantly longer operative times than OPD (p < 0.01). MIPD was associated with decreased odds of postoperative bleeding and surgical site infection (p < 0.01), but higher odds of death at 30 days.ConclusionsMIPD has been shown to have improved postoperative outcomes compared to OPD but is associated with longer operative times, which can be associated with increased complications.
Severe pemphigus vulgaris and cervical carcinoma treated with anti PD1 antibody pembrolizumab: A therapeutic dilemma?
Authors: Wasserer Sophia , Mayer Kristine , Rupp Svenja , Biedermann Tilo , Stoetzer Oliver J. , Hamann Moritz , Lauffer Felix 
Published: December 2024

AbstractManaging autoimmune diseases (AIDs) in the context of malignancies and vice versa is an intricate challenge for clinicians. Immunotherapies stimulate antitumor immune responses by blocking checkpoint molecules such as PD1. However, new onset or aggravation of autoimmune reactions are frequent side effects of immunotherapies. Pemphigus vulgaris (PV) is a severe blistering autoimmune‐mediated skin disease requiring immune‐suppressive therapy. Here, we present a case, wherein a patient with severe PV underwent rituximab therapy, while simultaneously a newly diagnosed advanced cervical carcinoma was treated with pembrolizumab.
Quality of Life Priorities of Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Survivors Enrolled in EORTC Studies, and a Comparison of Instruments
Authors: Musoro Jammbe , Sleurs Charlotte , Rowsell Ali , Suciu Stefan , Kicinski Michal , Chantziara Sofia , Coens Corneel , Pe Madeline , Missotten Pierre , Vandecruys Els , Uyttebroeck Anne , Dresse Marie‐Françoise , Pluchart Claire , Ferster Alina , Freycon Claire , Van Der Werff ten Bosch Jutte , Rohrlich Pierre , Benoit Yves , Piette Caroline , Darlington Anne‐Sophie ,   the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) Quality of Life (QLG) and Children's Leukemia Group (CLG)
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTPurposeSurvivors of childhood cancer can suffer from long‐term sequelae or decline in quality of life (QoL), for which careful and standardized selection of outcome measures become more important. This study aims to assess different QoL‐related outcomes using three distinct questionnaires in an international study, identify the priorities of childhood ALL survivors via the administered questionnaires, and investigate potential interrelationships among QoL domains across the questionnaires.MethodsChildhood ALL survivors treated according to the EORTC CLG treatment protocols 58741, 58831/2, and 58881 were recruited in Belgium and France and answered self‐report QoL questionnaires, including the Short‐Form Health Survey 12 (SF12), the Quality‐of‐Life Systemic Inventory (QLSI), and the Impact of Cancer for Childhood Cancer Survivors (IOC‐CS). To explore which scales overlapped or were novel, Pearson correlations were used to explore associations. In addition, based on the QLSI, we checked whether each of the top priorities of childhood ALL survivors were covered by the SF12 or IOC‐CS, by mapping their scales quantitatively and qualitatively.ResultsQoL data for 186 survivors were provided. Priority areas, as assessed by the QLSI, were vitality, physical abilities, memory, overall physical health, sleep, interaction with friends, love life. Love life was an important source of happiness (for 42%), and for some reported as the domain they were unhappiest in (13%). Quantitative mapping shows moderate correlations between the SF12 scales and IOC‐CS scales: life challenges, body and health, thinking and memory, and socializing. Qualitative mapping highlighted additional important domains, specifically family, romantic and friendship relationships, and sleep and memory.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that the measures complement each other, but are less valuable in isolation for ALL survivors. Using a cancer survivorship measure, combined with some additional items covering priorities might provide a more holistic picture.
Propagation, Establishment, and Early Fruit Production of Table Grape Microvines in an LED‐Lit Hydroponics System: A Demonstration Case Study
Authors: Malai E. S. , O'Sullivan C. A. , Grant T. J. , Sreekantan L. , Mellor V. A. , Schmidt S. , Dry I. B. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTControlled environment farming (CEF) systems, including tunnel houses, glasshouses, and vertical farms, are expanding worldwide. As the industry scales, growers need a broader range of crops that are adapted to CEF systems to take full advantage of the potential to increase yields and decrease weather‐related risks. Dwarf grapevines (microvines) are ideal candidates for CEF due to their high economic value, phenotype, and phenology. This study aimed to develop propagation protocols, a critical first step for the successful integration of microvines in the CEF market, and to demonstrate the establishment, early growth, first flowering, and fruiting of table grape microvines in a fully indoor, LED‐lit, CEF system. An experiment was conducted to investigate the efficiency of clonal propagation of a newly developed microvine variety, which had been bred for the production of seedless table grapes in response to two variables: (a) shoot position of cutting, and (b) length of time of misting exposure (from 3 to 7 weeks). A subset of successfully established plantlets were then transplanted into a hydroponic, CEF system, where their establishment, early growth, flowering, and fruit formation were assessed. Three weeks after cuttings were taken, 83.7% of the cuttings had formed roots, regardless of cutting section or misting treatment, while the remaining 16.7% of cuttings died. The sprouting success was lower with 49.3% of plants forming new leaves after 7 weeks. The highest level of sprouting was observed with cuttings taken from mid‐shoot and lower shoot positions and the 5‐week misting duration. While the rooting efficiency and survival of green shoot microvine cuttings are very high, further research is needed to increase the frequency of sprouting in the required timeframes to levels that are more acceptable for commercial production. The establishment success of sprouted cuttings after transplanting to hydroponics was 100% and their production and fruit quality were similar regardless of cutting tissue source. The crop cycle from planting to first harvest was 208 days (63 days for plantlet production and 145 days from transplanting to first harvest). The vines began flowering after an average of 33.9 days and the berries went through veraison (i.e., commencement of ripening) after an average of 116 days under the conditions tested. Microvine fruit grown under these conditions contained greater than the minimum total soluble solids content required for the Australian market. We have demonstrated that table grape microvines have potential as a novel crop for CEF systems.
Confirmed Treponema pallidum pleural effusion in patient with known syphilis
Authors: Shadbolt Rachel , Ing Matthew , Donaghy Michaela , Ewe Krist , Lee Y. C. Gary , Fysh Edward 
Published: December 2024

AbstractPulmonary and pleural involvement in Treponema pallidum infection is uncommon. Previously reported syphilis‐related pleural effusions have been described largely based on clinical features combined with positive syphilis serology rather than the detection of T pallidum in pleural fluid or pleural biopsy. We report a case of secondary syphilis and confirmed syphilitic pleural effusion via thoracentesis.
Parsonage‐Turner‐syndrome associated with Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection
Authors: Leo Fabian , Grohé Christian 
Published: December 2024

Key messageNeurological complications in the course of community‐acquired pneumonia indicate that Mycoplasma pneumoniae may be the causative pathogen. Parsonage‐Turner‐Syndrome, characterized by neuralgic shoulder pain and amyotrophy, has rarely been reported in this context.
Stress Reactivity, Wellbeing and Functioning in University Students: A Role for Autonomic Activity During Sleep
Authors: Joubert Michael , Beilharz Jessica Elise , Fatt Scott , Chung Yuen Ming , Cvejic Erin , Vollmer‐Conna Ute , Burton Alexander Robert 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTSleep is a key biological mechanism in promoting wellbeing and resilience to stress. This cross‐sectional study examined connections between sleep, autonomic function, wellbeing, and stress reactivity in healthy individuals. Demographic, lifestyle, sleep, and psychological well‐being information were collected from 85 healthy university students. These variables were analysed in conjunction with indices of cardiac autonomic activity, including heart rate and high frequency heart rate variability (HF HRV, an indicator of parasympathetic vagal tone) recorded during nocturnal sleep onset and in response to a cognitive stressor. Correlational analyses revealed that unrefreshing and fragmented sleep was strongly associated with lower HF HRV at sleep onset, suggestive of poorer autonomic de‐arousal. Further, those with minimal increases in HF HRV from wakefulness to sleep reported worse sleep quality and greater challenges in daily activities compared to those with significant increases. This same group also demonstrated significantly greater reactivity and slower recovery when faced with a stressor the next day, as evidenced by comparison of heart rate values. Our findings suggest an association between autonomic hypervigilance and aspects of sleep quality, with potential implications for wellbeing and stress responses.
Impact of postoperative infectious complications on long‐term prognosis after esophagectomy
Authors: Maruyama Suguru , Shoda Katsutoshi , Kawaguchi Yoshihiko , Higuchi Yudai , Ozawa Takaomi , Nakayama Takashi , Saito Ryo , Izumo Wataru , Takiguchi Koichi , Shiraishi Kensuke , Furuya Shinji , Nakata Yuki , Amemiya Hidetake , Kawaida Hiromichi , Ichikawa Daisuke 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBackgroundPostoperative complications have been reported to be a risk factor for worse oncologic outcomes in patients with esophageal cancer. However, the impact of postoperative complications on prognosis after esophagectomy remains controversial. We aimed to investigate the factors that influence the prognosis of postoperative complications in patients who underwent oncological esophagectomy, focusing on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).MethodsIn total, 254 consecutive patients who underwent esophagectomy for esophageal cancer between 2009 and 2021 were eligible. We examined the association between postoperative complications and long‐term outcomes.ResultsFocusing on infectious complications (IC: a combination of postoperative pneumonia and anastomotic leakage), overall survival (OS) and relapse‐free survival (RFS) rates were significantly worse in patients with IC than those without (p < 0.01, and <0.01, respectively), whereas the presence of other complications demonstrated no survival impact. No clinicopathological variables have changed the influence of IC on long‐term outcomes. Meanwhile, patients with postoperative pneumonia exhibited significantly lower OS and RFS rates compared to those without in non‐COPD group, however, the presence of postoperative pneumonia demonstrated no prognostic impact in COPD group. Also, interaction analysis revealed that the effect of postoperative pneumonia on poor RFS differed based on the presence of COPD (p for interaction = 0.09).ConclusionsIC influenced the long‐term outcomes in patients with esophageal cancer, however no clinicopathological variables have changed the effect of the presence of IC on prognosis. Meanwhile, the effect of postoperative pneumonia on poor survival differed based on the presence of COPD.
Genetic Engineering and Screening Using Base Editing and Inducible Gene Knockout
Authors: Ng Esther Feng Ying , Meitinger Franz 
Published: December 2024

AbstractGenetic engineering and screening in human cells are powerful techniques for the precise and comprehensive identification and analysis of gene and protein domain functions. Genome-wide knockout screens have been extensively utilized to discover essential genes, tumor suppressors, and genes that regulate responses to various chemicals, including antimitotic and therapeutic drugs. The advent of base editors, which facilitate the targeted mutation of single amino acids, has advanced the identification of critical and functional domains or motifs. In this context, we outline methods for creating efficient base editor and inducible knockout cell lines for targeted gene manipulation and conducting genetic screens to elucidate the roles of genes and their domains within a specific cell biological context.
Synthetic Engineering of Cortical Polarity During Mitosis Using Designed Proteins
Authors: Krüger Lara K. , Watson Joseph L. , Derivery Emmanuel 
Published: December 2024

AbstractDuring asymmetric cell division, cortical polarity cues drive the polarization of the microtubule cytoskeleton to ensure the generation of two daughter cells with different fates. While this a critical process for development and tissue homeostasis, the underlying molecular mechanisms orchestrating those processes are not completely understood, especially in mammals. Here, we present an assay that allows the study of the molecular mechanisms driving mammalian asymmetric cell division in a high-throughput manner by capitalizing on protein design to engineer cortical polarity of virtually any protein of interest in otherwise unpolarized mammalian culture cells.