bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“Insanity is from home”
Authors: Amfo Nana Aba Appiah , Houphouet Ekua Essumanma , Dordoye Eugene K. , Thompson Rachel 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
This paper examines selected expressions relating to the articulation of mental health challenges in three Akan speaking communities in Ghana, in the context of considering that language is reflective of human thought, and that human cultural practices and behavior emanate from people’s underlying appreciation of particular issues. Expressions of mental health challenges were extracted from a total of 37 one-on-one interviews and 12 focus group discussions. We note that the expressions used fall into 3 categories: idioms and proverbs, non-figurative language and code mixed utterances. Overall, indirection permeates all the categories. Furthermore, our observation is that the expressions provide an indication of the manifestations and perceived causes of the illnesses, which are familial, spiritual or biomedical. There is a strong tendency towards an expectation of communal support for the mentally ill. An appreciation of the languages and cultures of local communities provides the basis for appropriate diagnosis, effective management of mental illness and efficient public health education.
An extension of positivity for integrals of Bessel functions and Buhmann’s radial basis functions
Authors: Cho Yong-Kum , Chung Seok-Young , Yun Hera 
Published: May 2018

As to the Bessel integrals of type

∫
0
x

(

x
μ

−

t
μ

)

λ

t
α

J
β

(
t
)
d
t

(
x
>
0
)
,

\begin{equation*} \int _0^x \left (x^\mu -t^\mu \right )^\lambda t^\alpha J_\beta (t)dt\qquad (x>0), \end{equation*}

we improve known positivity results by making use of new positivity criteria for

1

F
2

{}_1F_2

and

2

F
3

{}_2F_3

generalized hypergeometric functions. As an application, we extend Buhmann’s class of compactly supported radial basis functions.
PyCoTools: a Python toolbox for COPASI
Authors: Welsh Ciaran M , Fullard Nicola , Proctor Carole J , Martinez-Guimera Alvaro , Isfort Robert J , Bascom Charles C , Tasseff Ryan , Przyborski Stefan A , Shanley Daryl P 
Published: May 2018

Abstract

Motivation
COPASI is an open source software package for constructing, simulating and analyzing dynamic models of biochemical networks. COPASI is primarily intended to be used with a graphical user interface but often it is desirable to be able to access COPASI features programmatically, with a high level interface.

Results
PyCoTools is a Python package aimed at providing a high level interface to COPASI tasks with an emphasis on model calibration. PyCoTools enables the construction of COPASI models and the execution of a subset of COPASI tasks including time courses, parameter scans and parameter estimations. Additional ‘composite’ tasks which use COPASI tasks as building blocks are available for increasing parameter estimation throughput, performing identifiability analysis and performing model selection. PyCoTools supports exploratory data analysis on parameter estimation data to assist with troubleshooting model calibrations. We demonstrate PyCoTools by posing a model selection problem designed to show case PyCoTools within a realistic scenario. The aim of the model selection problem is to test the feasibility of three alternative hypotheses in explaining experimental data derived from neonatal dermal fibroblasts in response to TGF-β over time. PyCoTools is used to critically analyze the parameter estimations and propose strategies for model improvement.

Availability and implementation
PyCoTools can be downloaded from the Python Package Index (PyPI) using the command ’pip install pycotools’ or directly from GitHub (https://github.com/CiaranWelsh/pycotools). Documentation at http://pycotools.readthedocs.io.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Inflammatory Bowel Disease Telemedicine Clinical Trial: Impact of Educational Text Messages on Disease-Specific Knowledge Over 1 Year
Authors: Abutaleb Ameer , Buchwald Andrea , Chudy-Onwugaje Kenechukwu , Langenberg Patricia , Regueiro Miguel , Schwartz David A , Tracy J Kathleen , Ghazi Leyla , Patil Seema A , Quezada Sandra M , Russman Katharine M , Quinn Charlene C , Jambaulikar Guruprasad , Beaulieu Dawn B , Horst Sara , Cross Raymond K 
Published: May 2018

Abstract

Background
Effective treatments are available for patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD); however, suboptimal outcomes occur and are often linked to patients’ limited disease knowledge. The aim of this analysis was to determine if delivery of educational messages through a telemedicine system improves IBD knowledge.

Methods
TELEmedicine for Patients with IBD (TELE-IBD) was a randomized controlled trial with visits at baseline, 6 months, and 12 months; patient knowledge was a secondary aim of the study. Patients were randomized to receive TELE-IBD every other week (EOW), weekly (TELE-IBD W), or standard of care. Knowledge was assessed at each visit with the Crohn’s and Colitis Knowledge (CCKNOW) survey. The primary outcome was change in CCKNOW score over 1 year compared between the TELE-IBD and control groups.

Results
This analysis included 219 participants. Participants in the TELE-IBD arms had a greater improvement in CCKNOW score compared with standard care (TELE-IBD EOW +2.4 vs standard care +1.8, P = 0.03; TELE-IBD W +2.0 vs standard care +1.8, P = 0.35). Participants with lower baseline CCKNOW scores had a greater change in their score over time (P &lt; 0.01). However, after adjusting for race, site, and baseline knowledge, there was no difference in CCKNOW score change between the control and telemedicine arms.

Conclusions
Telemedicine improves IBD-specific knowledge through text messaging, although the improvement is not additive with greater frequency of text messages. However, after adjustment for confounding variables, telemedicine is not superior to education given through standard visits at referral centers. Further research is needed to determine if revised systems with different modes of delivery and/or frequency of messages improve disease knowledge.
Predictors and Management of Loss of Response to Vedolizumab in Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Shmidt Eugenia , Kochhar Gursimran , Hartke Justin , Chilukuri Prianka , Meserve Joseph , Chaudrey Khadija , Koliani-Pace Jenna L , Hirten Robert , Faleck David , Barocas Morris , Luo Michelle , Lasch Karen , Boland Brigid S , Singh Siddharth , Vande Casteele Niels , Sagi Sashidhar Varma , Fischer Monika , Chang Shannon , Bohm Matthew , Lukin Dana , Sultan Keith , Swaminath Arun , Hudesman David , Gupta Nitin , Kane Sunanda , Loftus Edward V , Sandborn William J , Siegel Corey A , Sands Bruce E , Colombel Jean-Frederic , Shen Bo , Dulai Parambir S 
Published: May 2018

Abstract

Background
We quantified loss of response (LOR) to vedolizumab (VDZ) in clinical practice and assessed the effectiveness of VDZ dose intensification for managing LOR.

Methods
Retrospective review (May 2014–December 2016) of a prospectively maintained inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) registry. Kaplan-Meier estimates were used to determine rates of LOR to VDZ . Independent predictors of LOR were identified using univariate and multivariable Cox proportional hazard regression. Success of recapturing response (>50% reduction in symptoms from baseline) and remission (complete resolution of symptoms) after dose intensification was quantified.

Results
Cumulative rates for VDZ LOR were 20% at 6 months and 35% at 12 months, with slightly lower rates in Crohn’s disease than in ulcerative colitis (6 months 15% vs 18% and 12 months 30% vs 39%, P = 0.03). On multivariable analysis, LOR to a tumor necrosis factor (TNF) antagonist before VDZ use was associated with an increased risk for LOR to VDZ [hazard ratio (HR) 1.93; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.25–2.97] in all patients. For Crohn’s disease patients specifically, higher baseline C-reactive protein concentration was associated with increased risk for LOR to VDZ (HR 1.01 per mg/dL increase, 95% CI 1.01–1.02). Shortening of VDZ infusion interval from 8 to every 4 or 6 weeks recaptured response in 49% and remission in 18% of patients.

Conclusions
LOR to a TNF antagonist before VDZ use and higher baseline C-reactive protein are important predictors of VDZ LOR. Treatment response can be recaptured in almost half of these patients with VDZ infusion interval shortening.
The origin of interstellar asteroidal objects like 1I/2017 U1 ‘Oumuamua
Authors: Portegies Zwart Simon , Torres Santiago , Pelupessy Inti , Bédorf Jeroen , Cai Maxwell X 
Published: May 2018

ABSTRACT
We study the origin of the interstellar object 1I/2017 U1 ‘Oumuamua by juxtaposing estimates based on the observations with simulations. We speculate that objects like ‘Oumuamua are formed in the debris disc as left over from the star and planet formation process, and subsequently liberated. The liberation process is mediated either by interaction with other stars in the parental star cluster, by resonant interactions within the planetesimal disc or by the relatively sudden mass loss when the host star becomes a compact object. Integrating ‘Oumuamua  backward in time in the Galactic potential together with stars from the Gaia-TGAS catalogue we find that about 1.3 Myr ago ‘Oumuamua  passed the nearby star HIP 17288 within a mean distance of 1.3 pc. By comparing nearby observed L-dwarfs with simulations of the Galaxy, we conclude that the kinematics of ‘Oumuamua is consistent with relatively young objects of 1.1–1.7 Gyr. We just met ‘Oumuamua  by chance, and with a derived mean Galactic density of ∼3 × 105 similarly sized objects within 100 au from the Sun or ∼1014 per cubic parsec we expect about 2–12 such visitors per year within 1 au from the Sun.
Trends and Cost-Analysis of Lower Extremity Nerve Injury Using the National Inpatient Sample
Authors: Foster Chase H , Karsy Michael , Jensen Michael R , Guan Jian , Eli Ilyas , Mahan Mark A 
Published: May 2018

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Peripheral nerve injuries (PNIs) of the lower extremities have been assessed in small cohort studies; however, the actual incidence, national trends, comorbidities, and cost of care in lower extremity PNI are not defined. Lack of sufficient data limits discussion on national policies, payors, and other aspects fundamental to the delivery of care in the US.

OBJECTIVE
To establish estimates of lower extremity PNIs incidence, associated diagnoses, and cost in the US using a comprehensive database with a minimum of a decade of data.

METHODS
The National Inpatient Sample was utilized to evaluate International Classification of Disease codes for specific lower extremity PNIs (9560–9568) between 2001 and 2013.

RESULTS
Lower extremity PNIs occurred with a mean incidence of 13.3 cases per million population annually, which declined minimally from 2001 to 2013. The mean ± SEM age was 41.6 ± 0.1 yr; 61.1% of patients were males. Most were admitted via the emergency department (56.0%). PNIs occurred to the sciatic (16.6%), femoral (10.7%), tibial (6.0%), peroneal (33.4%), multiple nerves (1.3%), and other (32.0%). Associated diagnoses included lower extremity fracture (13.4%), complications of care (11.2%), open wounds (10.3%), crush injury (9.7%), and other (7.2%). Associated procedures included tibial fixation (23.3%), closure of skin (20.1%), debridement of open fractures (15.4%), fixation of other bones (13.5%), and wound debridement (14.5%). The mean annual unadjusted compounded growth rate of charges was 8.8%. The mean ± SEM annual charge over the time period was $64 031.20 ± $421.10, which was associated with the number of procedure codes (β = 0.2), length of stay (β = 0.6), and year (β = 0.1) in a multivariable analysis (P = .0001).

CONCLUSION
These data describe associations in the treatment of lower extremity PNIs, which are important for considering national policies, costs, research and the delivery of care.
A Comparison of Cefazolin Versus Ceftriaxone for the Treatment of Methicillin-Susceptible Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia in a Tertiary Care VA Medical Center
Authors: Carr Dustin R , Stiefel Usha , Bonomo Robert A , Burant Christopher J , Sims Sharanie V 
Published: May 2018

Abstract

Background
Cefazolin and ceftriaxone are frequently used to treat methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) bacteremia, especially in the realm of outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy. Both antimicrobials have been associated with favorable clinical outcomes for mixed MSSA infections. However, limited published data exist specifically comparing the use of these agents for the treatment of MSSA bacteremia.

Methods
We conducted a retrospective cohort study of Veteran patients with MSSA bacteremia who received ≥14 days of cefazolin or ceftriaxone between 2009 and 2014. Rates of treatment failure were compared between both groups. Treatment failure was defined as therapy extension, incomplete therapy, unplanned oral suppressive therapy, relapse of infection, or hospital admission or surgery within 90 days.

Results
Out of 71 patients, 38 received treatment with cefazolin and 33 with ceftriaxone. The overall rate of treatment failure was 40.8%, with significantly more failures among patients receiving ceftriaxone (54.5% versus 28.9%; P = .029). Factors associated with treatment failure included longer duration of parenteral therapy, heart failure, and treatment in an external skilled nursing facility as compared with treatment in the Department of Veterans Affairs attached Community Living Center.

Conclusions
Ceftriaxone had a higher rate of treatment failure than cefazolin for the treatment of MSSA bacteremia in a Veteran population. Potential reasons for this could include the higher protein binding of ceftriaxone, ultimately resulting in lower serum concentrations of free drug, or other unknown factors. Further studies are warranted to confirm these results.
LES INTOXICATIONS SÉVÈRES À L’ALCOOL CHEZ LES JEUNES
Authors: Cyr Claude 
Published: May 2018

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Chez les adolescents, une visite à l’urgence reliée à l’alcool est un facteur prédictif important de problèmes continus de consommation.

OBJECTIVES
Décrire le type de présentation, les caractéristiques cliniques et la prise en charge des jeunes intoxiqués à l’alcool admis aux urgences.

DESIGN/METHODS
Étude rétrospective descriptive des jeunes (12 à 24 ans) admis aux urgences du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke (CHUS) en raison d’une intoxication à l’alcool entre janvier 2012 et janvier 2017.

RESULTS
Sur un total de 855 admissions, 56% étaient des garçons. Un hospitalisation de plus de 24 heures a été nécessaire pour 77 jeunes (9%) et 44 ont nécessité une ventilation méchanique (5%). L’âge moyen était de 19,7 ans, 167 (20%) avait entre 12 et 17 ans. Le taux d’éthanolémie moyen était de 208.8 mg/dl, 55 (6) avec des taux de plus de 300 mg/dl. Une altération de l’état de conscience a été documentée dans 68% des cas avec 23% des patients présentant une menace potentielle pour la vie. Des pics de consultation étaient présents aux semaines 35 (rentrée universitaire) et 44 (Halloween). L’utilisation d’alcool fort a été identifié dans 74% des cas. Seulement 29% avait consommé une autre substance psychotrope. La co-intoxication la plus fréquente étant le cannabis (n=119,14%). Des complications ont été identifié dans 57% des admissions dont 195 (23%) traumatismes, 85 (10%) bagarres, 22 (3%) blessures auto-infligées, 10 (1%) abus sexuelles. Seulement 52% des patients ont reçu un councelling lors de leur séjour à l’urgence.

CONCLUSION
Les intoxications aigues à l’alcool chez les jeunes sont fréquentes et sévères. Ce projet permettra de dégager des pistes préventives au sein de la communauté sherbrookoise.
PRISE EN CHARGE MULTIDISCIPLINAIRE D’ADOLESCENTS AVEC SYMPTÔMES DOULOUREUX FONCTIONNELS RÉFRACTAIRES
Authors: Proulx-Cabana Stephanie , Picard Louis , Fortin Marie-Claude , Couillard Jo-Anne , Taddeo Danielle , Jamoulle Olivier , Frappier Jean-Yves , Stheneur Chantal 
Published: May 2018

Abstract

BACKGROUND
La douleur chronique, d’origine organique ou somatique, représente un fardeau financier important au niveau du système de santé. L’intervention multidisciplinaire a été démontrée efficace pour améliorer cliniquement l’impact fonctionnel de cette condition.

OBJECTIVES
Étude de l’impact d’une prise en charge multidisciplinaire pédiatrique et psychologique sur les symptômes douloureux fonctionnels et leur retentissement dans une population adolescente référée pour échec de prise en charge nitiale.

DESIGN/METHODS
Analyse rétrospective de dossiers d’adolescents, de 14 à 18 ans, suivis en clinique des adolescents pour des symptômes douloureux fonctionnels entre janvier 2016 et juin 2017. L’équipe multidisciplinaire est composée de pédiatre, psychologue en suivi individuel ou lors du groupe d’intervention en gestion de la douleur, physiothérapeute et infirmière.

RESULTS
24/36 adolescents ayant des symptômes réfractaires avaient des dossiers exploitables. L’âge médian était de 15,9 ans [14,9; 16,3] avec 87,5% de filles dans l’échantillon. Les principales plaintes rapportées étaient des céphalées (50%), nausées/vomissements (50%), douleurs abdominales (37,5%), douleurs musculo-squelettiques (37,5%), fatigue (37,5%) et symptômes neurologiques (20,8%). Le nombre médian de plaintes étaient de 2 par patient. À la consultation initiale, pour le symptôme principal, la durée médiane écoulée depuis l’apparition était de 13 mois [3,75; 34,5], l’intensité médiane de 6/10 et la fréquence médiane de 7 jours/semaine. Le nombre médian de consultations médicales avant la prise en charge spécialisée était de 3 [2; 5], dont 76,6% d’entre elles en surspécialité pédiatrique. Les patients avaient un nombre médian d’intervenants psychosociaux impliqués au dossier initial de 1, dont un psychologue dans 42,4%. Initialement, 83,3% des patients présentaient un absentéisme scolaire significatif. Suite à la prise en charge, nous avions une amélioration des symptômes pour 70,8% et de l’absentéisme scolaire pour 63,6%. Les symptômes de nausées/vomissements étaient les plus persistants. Sur notre petit groupe d’adolescents, il n’a pas été possible de mettre en évidence de différence significative entre ceux qui avaient bénéficié du groupe d’intervention et les autres.

CONCLUSION
Dans une population d’adolescents avec symptômes douloureux fonctionnels dont la prise en charge en première ligne n’a pas été efficace, une prise en charge multidisciplinaire spécialisée permet une amélioration des symptômes et de la fréquentation scolaire dans 2/3 des cas.
PAEDIATRIC PROJECT ECHO: EXPLORING THE EDUCATIONAL NEEDS OF ONTARIO HEALTHCARE PROVIDERS WITH INTEREST IN CARING FOR CHILDREN WITH MEDICAL COMPLEXITY
Authors: Marcinko Josip , Orkin Julia , Cohen Eyal , Ho Michelle , Lalloo Chitra , Jiwan Annie , McKillop Adam , Kulandaivelu Yalinie , Stinson Jennifer 
Published: May 2018

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Project ECHO® is an innovative, interactive model for medical education and healthcare delivery that expands access and capacity to provide evidence-informed care. This model virtually connects specialist interprofessional teams with community healthcare providers (HCPs). It aims to increase knowledge, build capacity, and ultimately, improve patient outcomes by bringing expertise to the community. This project focuses on the first paediatric implementation of Project ECHO for children with medical complexity. This is the first Project ECHO for this population.

OBJECTIVES
In preparation for this novel program launch in January 2018, a needs assessment was conducted with the objectives of: (1) informing the complex care-specific ECHO curriculum; and (2) assessing community partner preferences for program format and delivery modality.

DESIGN/METHODS
An online survey (38 items; 15-minutes) was distributed via targeted emails to professional networks, associations, and allied health organizations related to complex care throughout Ontario. The survey assessed interest in specific educational topics as well as program format preferences. An online survey and data management tool (REDCap) was used to build the survey and ensure data quality and security.

RESULTS
49 HCPs completed the survey for Paediatric Project ECHO for Children with Medical Complexity. Profession breakdown was: 29% paediatricians, 19% dieticians, 16% nurses, 14% nurse practitioners with the remaining being allied health care professionals, including occupational therapists, social workers and psychologists. Overall, 39% of participants practiced in academic hospitals, 27% in non-academic hospitals, and 35% in other community settings. In terms of program format, 63% preferred weekly 1- or 2-hour educational sessions versus longer sessions. Top medical topics rated by HCPs were: management of nutrition, pain or irritability of unknown origin, and challenging behaviours in children with complex care needs. Other topics of interest included: developmental review, transition to adult care, advanced care planning, funding opportunities, and social supports for the patient as well as caregivers and siblings.

CONCLUSION
HCPs who expressed interest in Paediatric Project ECHO for Children with Medical Complexity are generally experienced professionals who preferred short educational sessions. The themes that emerged from this needs assessment spanned the biological, psychological and social domains of management of complex care patients. Survey results are being used to inform the development of an evidence-based paediatric complex care curriculum that meets the needs of community HCPs.
This project is funded by the MOHLTC.
DOES BREASTFEEDING DURATION INFLUENCE FAMILY FOOD INSECURITY?
Authors: Wong Peter , Moodie Rosemary , Dai David , Maguire Jonathon , Birken Catherine , Parkin Patricia , Borkhoff Cory 
Published: May 2018

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Across all demographics, families without consistent access to adequate food place children at health risk. Consequences may persist beyond early life into adulthood. Public policy positions breastfeeding, the ideal nutrition for infants, as an important solution to reducing family food insecurity (FFI). However, few studies have investigated the association between breastfeeding duration and FFI.

OBJECTIVES
To evaluate the association between total breastfeeding duration and FFI in Canadian urban children.

DESIGN/METHODS
A cross-sectional study was conducted of children aged 0–2 years, from a practice-based child research network. Total breastfeeding duration was collected from parent-reported questionnaires. FFI was measured using 2-item food insecurity and validated 1-item NutriSTEP screens. Multivariable regression analysis was performed adjusting for pre-specified covariates.

RESULTS
Among 3838 children, the mean total breastfeeding duration was 10.6 months (SD=6.7). Families with food insecurity (14.7%) had increased odds of younger mothers, more males and older and more children. In adjusted model, breastfeeding duration was not associated with FFI (OR 0.99; 95% CI 0.98, 1.01). Low-income families were 9 times more likely to be family food insecure than high-income families (p=0.00).

CONCLUSION
Contrary to public policy, our study found no association between breastfeeding and family food insecurity (FFI). However, other factors may predominate, in particular family income and structure. Given the detrimental impact of FFI, further research is needed to understand the role of infant feeding practices within the larger political, policy and cultural framework.