bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MiRNA‐548c‐5p downregulates inflammatory response in preeclampsia via targeting PTPRO
Authors: Wang Zengfang , Wang Pingping , Wang Zengyan , Qin Zhihao , Xiu Xia , Xu Donghua , Zhang Xiaozhen , Wang Yingliang 
Published: November 2018

AbstractPreeclampsia is a serious complication of pregnancy and leads to maternal hypertension and proteinuria. It remains a major health problem for mothers and babies across the world due to high maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. Accumulated data have implicated the critical role of microRNA in preeclampsia. However, to date, the role of miR‐548c‐5p in preeclampsia remains vaguely understood. In this study, we first elucidate the role of miR‐548c‐5p and its underlying molecular mechanism in preeclampsia. Compared with healthy controls, miR‐548c‐5p was obviously downregulated in serum exosomes and placental mononuclear cells in patients with preeclampsia. Nonetheless, PTPRO was significantly upregulated and negatively associated with miR‐548c‐5p in placental mononuclear cells in patients with preeclampsia. PTPRO was a target of miR‐548c‐5p. PTPRO was downregulated in the miR‐548c‐5p‐overexpressed macrophages. In addition, miR‐548c‐5p could inhibit the proliferation and activation of LPS‐stimulated macrophages, as evidenced by decreased levels of inflammatory cytokines (IL‐12 and TNF‐α) and less nuclear translocation of pNF‐κB in pTHP1 cells. MiR‐548c‐5p acts as an anti‐inflammatory factor in preeclampsia. The axis of miR‐548c‐5p/PTPRO/NF‐κB may provide novel targets for the diagnosis and treatment of preeclampsia.
Morphology of the clasper musculature in rays (Chondrichthyes; Elasmobranchii: Batoidea), with comments on their phylogenetic interrelationships
Authors: Moreira Renan A. , de Carvalho Marcelo R. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe subclass Batoidea comprise skates, electric rays, stingrays, guitarfishes, and sawfishes, and their interrelationships are still problematical despite recent morphological and molecular phylogenetic studies. The most recent morphological phylogeny indicates that guitarfishes are a polyphyletic group, and that the phylogenetic placement of Platyrhina and Platyrhinoidis is still unclear. Several molecular studies suggest that guitarfishes (except Zanobatus) and sawfishes comprise the monophyletic order Rhinopristiformes, and that thornback rays (Platyrhinidae, Platyrhina, and Platyrhinoidis) are more closely related to the electric rays (Torpediniformes); rhinopristiforms have recently been supported by morphological data as well. The clasper musculature of batoids suggests an alternative pattern of interrelationships for thornback rays, with the m. dilatator attached to the dorsal terminal 1 cartilage by a series of tendons found only in Rhinopristiformes and Platyrhinidae, suggesting that they are closely related. Furthermore, Rajiformes, Rhinopristiformes, and Platyrhinidae exclusively share a reduced m. extensor lateralis, suggesting that these taxa form a monophyletic group. This study identifies new synapomorphies that corroborate the separate monophyly of Rajiformes, Torpediniformes, and Myliobatiformes: the m. dilatator divided into dorsal and ventral bundles and the presence of a single m. flexor are found only in Rajiformes; the extensor lateralis with a laminar shape is a derived character of Torpediniformes; and the exclusive m. flexor medialis arising on the puboischiadic bar is derived for Myliobatiformes.
Mass‐forming intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: Can diffusion‐weighted imaging predict microvascular invasion?
Authors: Zhou Yang , Wang Xiaolin , Xu Chen , Zhou Guofeng , Liu Xiaoyu , Gao Shanshan , Xu Pengju 
Published: November 2018

BackgroundMicrovascular invasion (MVI) is a risk factor influencing the survival rate of patients with mass‐forming intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (IMCC).PurposeTo investigate whether diffusion‐weighted imaging (DWI) could be useful in predicting MVI of IMCC.Study TypeRetrospective.SubjectsEighty patients with surgically resected single IMCC (21 MVI‐positive lesions and 59 MVI‐negative lesions).Field Strength/SequencePreoperative hepatic MRI (1.5T), including T1‐ and T2‐weighted images (T1WI, T2WI), DWI, and dynamic enhancement imaging.AssessmentMorphologic characteristics including contour of the lesion, biliary dilation and hepatic capsule retraction, signal features on T1WI, T2WI, and DWI, and dynamic enhancement patterns were qualitatively evaluated. The quantitative analysis was performed for the size and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values.Statistical TestsChi‐square test, Fisher's exact test, and the independent t‐test were used for univariate analysis to determine the relationships between these radiological parameters and the presence of MVI. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify the independent predictors of MVI among these radiological parameters. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was performed to evaluate their diagnostic performance.ResultsLarger tumor size (P = 0.006) and higher ADC values (P < 0.001) were positively correlated with MVI. Multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that the ADC value (odds ratio, 3.099; P = 0.001) was an independent predictor for MVI of IMCC. The ADC value for MVI of IMCC showed an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.782 (optimal cutoff value was 1.59 × 10−3 mm2/s).Data ConclusionLarger tumor size was associated with MVI and higher ADC values can be a useful predictor of MVI during the preoperative evaluation of IMCC.Level of Evidence: 1Technical Efficacy: Stage 2J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2019;50:315–324.
Resistive pulse sensing as particle counting and sizing method in microfluidic systems: Designs and applications review
Authors: Vaclavek Tomas , Prikryl Jan , Foret Frantisek 
Published: November 2018

AbstractResistive pulse sensing is a well‐known and established method for counting and sizing particles in ionic solutions. Throughout its development the technique has been expanded from detection of biological cells to counting nanoparticles and viruses, and even registering individual molecules, e.g., nucleotides in nucleic acids. This technique combined with microfluidic or nanofluidic systems shows great potential for various bioanalytical applications, which were hardly possible before microfabrication gained the present broad adoption. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of microfluidic designs along with electrode arrangements with emphasis on applications focusing on bioanalysis and analysis of single cells that were reported within the past five years.
Evolving phenotype of the head and neck surgeon
Authors: Kay Seth , Miller Robert , Kraus Dennis , Terris David J. 
Published: November 2018

ObjectiveCharacterize the evolution of head and neck (H&N) surgical practices in the United States over two decades by using resident case log data as a surrogate.MethodsNational residency case log data from all Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education‐accredited otolaryngology residency programs was reviewed for the past 20 academic years (1996–2015). Key indicator procedures in each subcategory of H&N were analyzed to characterize standard ablative H&N surgical practices. Mean number of cases completed per resident each year was calculated.ResultsThe proportion of H&N surgeries contributing to the total number of otolaryngology cases performed yearly remained relatively stable during the study period, ranging from 6.4% to 8.7%, indicating concurrent growth of H&N cases with all otolaryngology surgeries. Although each subcategory within H&N demonstrated modest increases in the number of cases performed per resident each year over the study period, the most significant growth occurred in the endocrine surgery subcategory: a 288% increase from 18.4 in 1996 to 71.5 in 2015. The proportion of H&N cases represented by each subcategory decreased, except for endocrine, which more than doubled in proportion from 21% in 1996 to 43% in 2015.ConclusionOur findings suggest that the modern H&N surgeon is increasingly becoming an endocrine and H&N surgeon. The proportion of endocrine surgeries performed in residency, which serves as a surrogate for H&N practices, has more than doubled over the past 20 years and now represents the largest subcategory of H&N surgery.Level of EvidenceNA Laryngoscope, 129:1150–1154, 2019
Voice therapy associated with a decrease in the reflux symptoms index in patients with voice complaints
Authors: Schneider Sarah L. , Clary Matthew S. , Fink Daniel Steven , Wang Sean X. , Chowdhury Farshad N. , Yadlapati Rena , Jetté Marie E. , Courey Mark S. 
Published: November 2018

Objectives/HypothesisPatients with muscle tension dysphonia often demonstrate an elevation in Reflux Symptom Index (RSI) and 10‐item Voice Handicap Index (VHI‐10) scores, and may be erroneously diagnosed with laryngopharyngeal reflux disease. In this study we assessed the effects of voice therapy on RSI and VHI‐10 scores in patients with voice complaints not responsive to antireflux medications.Study DesignRetrospective cohort study.MethodsA study of patients was conducted at a single tertiary‐care center over 1 year (January 2012–January 2013). Patients were included if they had dysphonia not responsive to proton pump inhibition, did not have neurologic or neoplastic disease, and participated in at least three voice‐therapy sessions in the absence of antireflux therapy. Primary analysis assessed change in RSI scores between the initial and follow‐up visits with a laryngologist.ResultsA total of 18 patients were included (mean age = 49.9 ± 14.5 years, 89% female, 83% with a primary complaint of dysphonia). From initial to follow‐up visit, the median RSI score (18.5 [interquartile range {IQR}, 9.5–22.8] vs. 10.5 [IQR, 4.5–14]; P = .02) and median VHI‐10 score (25.5 [IQR, 11.3–30.0] vs. 13.5 [IQR, 9.5–20.8]; P = .03) significantly decreased. A significant inverse correlation was found between the number of voice therapy sessions/month and change in RSI score (r = −0.4; P = .05).ConclusionsIn this study of patients with muscle tension dysphonia or vocal hyperfunction not responsive to antireflux therapy, RSI and VHI‐10 scores improved following voice therapy. Results suggest that self‐reported symptoms typically attributed to laryngopharyngeal reflux disease may actually be secondary to inefficient voice use patterns or anxiety about dysphonia that are responsive to voice therapy.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 129:1169–1173, 2019
Key role of bacteria in the short‐term cycling of carbon at the abyssal seafloor in a low particulate organic carbon flux region of the eastern Pacific Ocean
Authors: Sweetman Andrew K. , Smith Craig R. , Shulse Christine N. , Maillot Brianne , Lindh Markus , Church Matthew J. , Meyer Kirstin S. , van Oevelen Dick , Stratmann Tanja , Gooday Andrew J. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe cycling of carbon (C) by benthic organisms is a key ecosystem function in the deep sea. Pulse‐chase experiments are designed to quantify this process, yet few studies have been carried out using abyssal (3500–6000 m) sediments and only a handful of studies have been undertaken in situ. We undertook eight in situ pulse‐chase experiments in three abyssal strata (4050–4200 m water depth) separated by tens to hundreds of kilometers in the eastern Clarion‐Clipperton Fracture Zone (CCFZ). These experiments demonstrated that benthic bacteria dominated the consumption of phytodetritus over short (~ 1.5 d) time scales, with metazoan macrofauna playing a minor role. These results contrast with the only other comparable in situ abyssal study, where macrofauna dominated phytodetritus assimilation over short (2.5 d) time scales in the eutrophic NE Atlantic. We also demonstrated that benthic bacteria were capable of converting dissolved inorganic C into biomass and showed that this process can occur at rates that are as high as the bacterial assimilation of algal‐derived organic C. This demonstrates the potential importance of inorganic C uptake to abyssal ecosystems in this region. It also alludes to the possibility that some of the C incorporation by bacteria in our algal‐addition studies may have resulted from the incorporation of labeled dissolved inorganic carbon initially respired by other unstudied organisms. Our findings reveal the key importance of benthic bacteria in the short‐term cycling of C in abyssal habitats in the eastern CCFZ and provide important information on benthic ecosystem functioning in an area targeted for commercial‐scale, deep‐sea mining activities.
Spectral heat content for Lévy processes
Authors: Grzywny Tomasz , Park Hyunchul , Song Renming 
Published: November 2018

AbstractIn this paper we study the spectral heat content for various Lévy processes. We establish the small time asymptotic behavior of the spectral heat content for Lévy processes of bounded variation in,. We also study the spectral heat content for arbitrary open sets of finite Lebesgue measure inwith respect to symmetric Lévy processes of unbounded variation under certain conditions on their characteristic exponents. Finally, we establish that the small time asymptotic behavior of the spectral heat content is stable under integrable perturbations to the Lévy measure.
Examining the Severity of Roof-Hooking Injuries in Dolphinfish: a Comparison between Computed Tomography and Gross Necropsy
Authors: Mikles Chloe S. , Harms Craig A. , Buckel Jeffrey A. , Rudershausen Paul J. 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
We describe hook trauma to the roof of the mouth in Dolphinfish Coryphaena hippurus and compare computed tomography (CT) scanning to gross necropsy (GN) as a technique for diagnosing hooking injury in fish. Forty-two Dolphinfish carcasses spanning a range of hook injuries were collected and CT scanned, and 33 of those carcasses were evaluated using GN. Specimens were hooked either in the roof of the mouth, the eye via the roof or upper jaw, or the jaw (control group). In 75% of roof-hooked individuals, GN revealed nondisplaced to comminuted fractures of the bones of the suspensorium, hematomas in and laceration of the extraocular muscles, and/or damage to the optic nerve. These injuries have the potential to compromise vision and therefore decrease postrelease survival rates of obligate sight-feeding species such as the Dolphinfish. We evaluated the effectiveness of CT scanning to diagnose injury and found that CT could efficiently and accurately identify fractures and some soft-tissue damage, but some injuries found in GN (e.g., optic nerve damage) were not observed on CT scans. Based on our findings, it is likely that mortality is greater in Dolphinfish when hooked in the roof of the mouth than when hooked in the jaw. This study demonstrates a novel technique that was effective at diagnosing hooking injuries associated with the roof of the mouth.
Relationship between body image and health‐related quality of life in Chinese cancer survivors during the transitional cancer survivorship
Authors: Chow Ka Ming , Chan Carmen W.H. , Leung Alice W.Y. , Wong Martin M.H. , Choi Kai Chow 
Published: November 2018

AbstractBackgroundPrevious research has documented the negative impact of cancer treatment on body image and health‐related quality of life among survivors, and the positive relationship between those factors. However, existing evidence is mainly based on Western studies of female survivors, and there is thus a huge knowledge gap in research on non‐Western cancer survivors.ObjectivesThe aim of the study was to assess body image and health‐related quality of life, and explore their relationship, among Chinese cancer survivors during transitional survivorship.MethodsChinese cancer survivors with various diagnoses at the oncology outpatient clinic of a regional hospital in Hong Kong were invited to complete a self‐reported survey on socio‐demographic and clinical data, the instrument of Quality of Life in Adult Cancer Survivors and Body Image Scale.ResultsA convenience sample of 402 Chinese cancer survivors was recruited, with a mean age of 54.4 years, the majority female (70.4%). In general, participants reported satisfactory body image but only fair health‐related quality of life. Hierarchical multiple regression showed that body image was independently associated with both generic and cancer‐specific health‐related quality of life after controlling for socio‐demographic and clinical characteristics (B = 9.572, P < 0.001; B = 5.165, P < 0.001).ConclusionsAddressing body image may be an effective approach to enhancing Chinese cancer survivors' health‐related quality of life during their transitional survivorship. Since there is a lack of attention given to body image in local clinical settings, early assessment and appropriate interventions should be considered.
In vivo transcriptomic analysis of Beauveria bassiana reveals differences in infection strategies in Galleria mellonella and Plutella xylostella
Authors: Zhou Qiumei , Shao Ying , Chen Anhui , Li Wanzhen , Wang Jiuxiang , Wang Yulong 
Published: November 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDInsect pests have evolved various defense mechanisms to combat fungal infection, and fungi have developed multiple strategies to overcome the immune defense responses of insects. However, transcriptomic analysis of fungal strategies for infecting different pests has not been reported.RESULTSTranscriptomic profiling of Beauveria bassiana was performed at 12, 24 and 48 h after infecting Galleria mellonella and Plutella xylostella, and 540, 847 and 932 differentially expressed genes were detected, respectively. Functional categorization showed that most of these genes are involved in the ribosome, nitrogen metabolism and oxidative phosphorylation pathways. Thirty‐one differentially expressed virulence genes (including genes involved in adhesion, degradation, host colonization and killing, and secondary metabolism) were found, suggesting that different molecular mechanisms were used by the fungus during the infection of different pests, which was further confirmed by disrupting creA and fkh2. Virulence assay results showed that ΔcreA and Δfkh2 strains of B. bassiana had distinct fold changes in their 50% lethal time (LT50) values (compared with the control stains) during infection of G. mellonella (ΔcreA: 1.38‐fold > Δfkh2: 1.18‐fold) and P. xylostella (ΔcreA: 1.44‐fold < Δfkh2: 2.25‐fold). creA was expressed at higher levels during the infection of G. mellonella compared with P. xylostella, whereas fkh2 showed the opposite expression pattern, demonstrating that creA and Fkh2 have different roles in B. bassiana during the infection of G. mellonella and P. xylostella.CONCLUSIONThese findings demonstrate that B. bassiana regulates different genes to infect different insects, advancing knowledge of the molecular mechanisms of Beauveria–pest interactions. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Formation and realisation of moving intentions across the adult life course
Authors: Dommermuth Lars , Klüsener Sebastian 
Published: November 2018

AbstractResidential and migratory moves are frequently regarded as instruments to attain other life goals. Thus, empirical studies increasingly link moves to other life course events. However, to fully understand moving decisions, it is also necessary to consider prior plans in various life domains, as not all life course plans and potentially related moves are realised. On the basis of representative data for Norway, these aspects are analysed for four life phases: the young adult phase, the family phase, the middle age phase, and the retirement phase. For all four life phases, highly significant associations between intentions and events in various life domains and moving intentions and actual moves are obtained. The relevance of specific domains for the formulation of moving intentions and actual moves is subject to variation across the life course and dependent on whether all moves or only moves over longer distances are considered.
“Kites” and “anchors”: The (im)mobility strategies of transnational Latin American families against the crisis in Spain
Authors: Bermudez Anastasia , Oso Laura 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe impact of the recent global financial and economic crisis on migration to Spain has generated literature focusing mainly on demographic and labour impacts. Internationally, economic crises have also been linked to the increased vulnerability of migrants and return migration. However, this article reveals a more complex picture of how the crisis is producing new (im)mobilities between Latin America and Europe. It adopts a transnational family approach based on qualitative fieldwork with Colombian, Ecuadorean, and Brazilian migrants. The article offers an analysis of their (im)mobility strategies framed by the socio‐economic impact of the crisis in Spain. Strategies include various configurations of return and remigration as well as permanence in the host country, involving the whole family or some members. They are the consequence mainly of the economic situation but are also shaped by other “crises” related to migrant status and migratory projects as well as gender, intergenerational, and emotional factors.
Improving Drug Delivery of Micellar Paclitaxel against Non‐Small Cell Lung Cancer by Coloading Itraconazole as a Micelle Stabilizer and a Tumor Vascular Manipulator
Authors: Zhang Ling , Liu Zhengsheng , Kong Chao , Liu Chun , Yang Kuan , Chen Huijun , Huang Jinfeng , Qian Feng 
Published: November 2018

AbstractAlthough polymeric micelles of paclitaxel (PTX) significantly reduce excipient‐induced toxicity compared with Taxol, they exhibit few clinical advantages in tumor inhibition and overall survival. To improve, itraconazole (ITA), an antifungal drug with potent anti‐angiogenesis activity, is co‐encapsulated together with PTX within the PEG‐PLA micelles. The strong intermolecular interactions between the payloads inhibit drug crystallization and prevent drugs from binding with external proteins, render super‐stable micelles upon dilution and exposure to biological environment, and enter the tumor cells through endocytosis. The co‐encapsulated micelles show strong anti‐proliferation potency against non‐small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and even PTX resistant NSCLC cells in vitro and significantly improve the drug accumulation within the tumor in vivo. Compared with PTX monotherapy or combination therapy using individual PTX and ITA micelles, the co‐encapsulated micelle demonstrates strikingly superior efficacy in tumor growth inhibition, recurrence prevention, and reversion of PTX resistance, in Kras mutant patient derived xenografts, orthotropic models, and paclitaxel‐resistance subcutaneous models. Besides the pharmacokinetic improvement, therapeutic benefits are also contributed by angiogenesis inhibition and blood vessel normalization by ITA. Utilizing the pharmaceutical and pharmacological synergies between the therapeutic agents, a simple yet effective design of a combination cancer nanomedicine that is industrially scalable and clinically translatable is achieved.