bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Menyoroti Penegakan Hukum KHI di Lingkungan Peradilan (Upaya Restrukturisasi Bidang Perkawinan Pasal 85-93)
Authors: Yahya Nasrullah 
Published: May 2018

Di Indonesia masalah status harta setelah terjadinya perceraian diatur dalam KHI Buku I Hukum Perkawinan, yaitu di bab XIII tentang Harta Kekayaan dalam Perkawinan, seperti pasal 85 sampai 93 yang salah satunya secara eksplisit menyebutkan istilah harta bersama. Ketentuan ini kemudian dalam perkara perceraian di Pengadilan Agama dan Mahkamah Syarâ€™iyyah (Aceh) diputuskan dibagi rata antara suami isteri. Mengenai ketentuan ini, imam mazhab tidak menjelaskan secara rinci, kecuali dalam kasus klaim mahar, sengketa hubungan seksual, perabot rumah tangga. Sementara mayoritas sepakat bahwa hak bagi isteri setelah perceraian adalah tempat tinggal yang layak, uang â€™iddah, pakaian, dan hak biaya á¸¥aá¸Änah. Selain itu harta yang menjadi hak isteri selama dalam hubungan perkawinan adalah nafkah dari suaminya untuk hidupnya, kecuali ada hadiah tertentu dari si suami. Persoalan harta bersama dan dibagi sama sebagaimana ditentukan KHI, seyogyanya segera dilakukan restrukturisasi secara komperehensif oleh pihak yang berwenang dengan mengadopsi konsep-konsep hukum Islam seperti diungkap imam mazhab dan mayoritas agar penegakan hukumnya sesuai dengan prinsip hukum Islam (tauhid, keadilan, al-hurriyyah, dan sebagainya).
Istinbat Jama'i dan Penerapannya dalam Bahsul Masa'il
Authors: Aminuddin Luthfi Hadi 
Published: May 2018

Di kalangan NU, Musyawarah Nasional (MUNAS) Alim Ulama pada tanggal 21-25 Januari 1992 di Bandar Lampung adalah awal munculnya kesadaran formal akan pentingnya pengembangan pemikiran metodologis khususnya dalam rangka melakukan ijtihad untuk mengambil keputusan hukum. Munas Bandar Lampung memberikan 'lampu hijau' untuk memecahkan masalah dengan bermadhhab secara manhaji, ketika terjadi kebuntuaan (mawquf) dalam penerapan mazhab qawli. Yang dimaksud bermazhab secara manhaji adalah mengikuti jalan pikiran dan kaidah penetapan hukum yang telah disusun oleh imam. Tulisan ini akan mengkaji posisi istinbat jama'i dalam bermazhab manhaji, pengertiannya, prosedur pelaksanaannya serta penerapannya dalam bahsul masail. Dari kajian penulis dapat disimpulkan bahwa istinbat jamaâ€˜i merupakan salah satu metode dalam bermazhab secara manhaji dan dilaksanakan ketika bermazhab secara qawlimengalami kebuntuan.Adapun perangkat yang digunakan dalam istinbat jama'i adalah al-qawa'id al-usuliyah, baik dengan pendekatan al-qawa'id al-lughawiyah (kaidah-kaidah kebahasaan) maupun al-turuq al-ma'nawiyah, melalui penerapan qiyas, istihsan, istislah dan sadd al-zara'i.Sedangkan penerapannya dalam bahs al-masa'il, berdasarkan penelaahan penulis, dari 456 hasil bahs al-masa'il al-diniyah al-waqiyah, mulai Muktamar NU I di Surabaya tahun 1926 hingga Muktamar NU XXXII di Makassar tahun 2010, hanya delapan keputusan hukum yang ditetapkan dengan istinbat jama'i. Sedangkan keputusan bahsul masail terhadap masalah-masalah yang bersifat tematik (masa'il al-diniyah al-mawdu'iyah), hampir semuanya diputuskan dengan istinbat} jama'i.
Three-Dimensional Computer Model of Brainstem Respiratory Neuronal Circuits - Application for Research in Respirology
Authors: Gavliakova S. , Plevkova J. , Jakus J. , Poliacek I. 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Methods that had been applied to study central neuronal circuits regulating cough and respiratory reflexes so far rely on recording performed in vivo, ex vivo, micro injecting and lesion methods. Based on the available data it is clear that this network is complicated, multilevel, holarchical, undergoing reconfiguration under afferent inputs. For many students and researchers it is complicated to get a virtual spatial image of these cooperating neuronal populations. The project was aimed to create graphical three-dimensional computer model of the brainstem using environment MATLAB and the matrix algebra to visualize neuron localization within the brainstem. Relevant data for the model had been taken from recent and also former research papers published in particular areas. This model may help scientists to visualize groups of neurons, help them to find targets for microinjecting or lesion studies together with stereotaxic positioning. The model is upgradeable and highly flexible for future use, research and teaching applications in MATLAB environment. MATLAB is a high-level language and interactive environment that enables you to perform computationally intensive tasks faster than with traditional programming languages
Cough Sound Analysis
Authors: Martinek Jozef , Klco P. , Vrabec M. , Zatko T. , Tatar M. , Javorka M. 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Cough is the most common symptom of many respiratory diseases. Currently, no standardized methods exist for objective monitoring of cough, which could be commercially available and clinically acceptable. Our aim is to develop an algorithm which will be capable, according to the sound events analysis, to perform objective ambulatory and automated monitoring of frequency of cough. Because speech is the most common sound in 24-hour recordings, the first step for developing this algorithm is to distinguish between cough sound and speech. For this purpose we obtained recordings from 20 healthy volunteers. All subjects performed continuous reading of the text from the book with voluntary coughs at the indicated instants. The obtained sounds were analyzed using by linear and non-linear analysis in the time and frequency domain. We used the classification tree for the distinction between cough sound and speech. The median sensitivity was 100% and the median specificity was 95%. In the next step we enlarged the analyzed sound events. Apart from cough sounds and speech the analyzed sounds were induced sneezing, voluntary throat and nasopharynx clearing, voluntary forced ventilation, laughing, voluntary snoring, eructation, nasal blowing and loud swallowing. The sound events were obtained from 32 healthy volunteers and for their analysis and classification we used the same algorithm as in previous study. The median sensitivity was 86% and median specificity was 91%. In the final step, we tested the effectiveness of our developed algorithm for distinction between cough and non-cough sounds produced during normal daily activities in patients suffering from respiratory diseases. Our study group consisted from 9 patients suffering from respiratory diseases. The recording time was 5 hours. The number of coughs counted by our algorithm was compared with manual cough counts done by two skilled co-workers. We have found that the number of cough analyzed by our algorithm and manual counting, as well, were disproportionately different. For that reason we have used another methods for the distinction of cough sound from non-cough sounds. We have compared the classification tree and artificial neural networks. Median sensitivity was increasing from 28% (classification tree) to 82% (artificial neural network), while the median specificity was not changed significantly. We have enlarged our characteristic parameters of the Mel frequency cepstral coefficients, the weighted Euclidean distance and the first and second derivative in time. Likewise the modification of classification algorithm is under our interest
Common types of infection with multitypes of HPV on uterine cervix
Authors: Miao Ting 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Persistent infection by human papillomavirus (HPV) is an important factor causing cervical cancer. In recent years, infection with multiple HPV types has been confirmed in various studies. High-risk HPV 16 and 18 and low-risk HPV 6 are the most common causes of multitype HPV infection. Infection with multiple types of HPV, which results from individual susceptibility, is crucial in tumor susceptibility. This paper summarizes the common types of multiple HPV infection to enable further research on the relationship between HPV and tumor susceptibility.
A New Technique for The Therapy of Complicated Deep Tissue Infection (with 4 Cases)
Authors: Li Feng , Qin Hao , Zhi Xing , Zhenfei Wang , Ziwei Wang 
Published: May 2018

AbstractObjectiveThe objective of this study was to discuss the effect of double perfusion cannula accompanied with low negative pressure drainage in the treatment of complexity of abdominopelvic and perineal infections.MethodsThe technology of the double perfusion cannula accompanied with low negative pressure drainage was used to treat complexity of abdominopelvic and perineal infections.ResultsDouble perfusion cannula accompanied with low negative pressure drainage can be applied to the treatment of complexity of abdominopelvic and perineal infections. It has an obvious effect on infection control and reduces recovery time.ConclusionDouble perfusion cannula accompanied with low negative pressure drainage has a good effect on complexity of abdominopelvic and perineal infections; it can be used in wider surgical fields to prevent infections.
Simulation of Photon Propagation in Tissue Using Matlab
Authors: Jurovata Dominika , Kurnatova Julia , Ley Sebastian , Laqua Daniel , Vazan Pavel , Husar Peter 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
This paper deals with the light transport, photon trajectory and its radiation in tissue. A model based on Monte Carlo simulation has been implemented in Matlab to get inside into photon interaction with tissue. The project is aimed to non-invasive pulse oximetry measurement of fetal oxygen saturation in the maternal abdomen. One of the fundamental challenges is to ensure a sufficient penetration depth which covers maternal and fetal tissue. This contribution investigates the photon trajectories and analyse the number of photons which stayed in tissue and their radiation distribution. The principle and photon propagation rules, needed for simulation, are presented in this article. Finally the results are compared with literature.
Application of FTIR-ATR Spectroscopy for Determination of Glucose in Hydrolysates of Selected Starches
Authors: Bartošová Alica , Soldán Maroš , Sirotiak Maroš , Blinová Lenka , Michaliková Anna 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was evaluated as an easy and simple analytical method for determination of starch residues after enzymatic hydrolysis. Different starch sources were liquefaction by α-amylase enzyme Termamyl SC for 25 minutes in autoclave. In the next step were starches solutions enzymatically hydrolysed by enzyme pollulanase Promozyme® for 24 hours to 60°C water bath. Total glucose in starch hydrolysate was determined using Fourier Transformed Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) with ATR accessory with diamante crystal by recording the absorption of different carbohydrate in spectral range from 700 - 4000 cm-1. Based on calibration curves of glucose the release of total glucose in hydrolysates was calculated.
Challenges of Measuring the Direct Effects of E-Business in SMEs
Authors: Pihir Igor 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Development of fast Internet and constant growth of new information and communication technology brought to expansion of interconnections between modern companies and their business partners through new kind of business integration so called electronic business (ebusiness). As the new kind of business connection paradigm has been implemented and started expansion, justification of its use came into the scientific focus. Significant direct and tangible effects of the e-business application have been found and proven in large companies, but in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) these effects have still been the area of exploration. According to latest researches in this field this paper, as a part of dissertation proposal, deals with the issues in the existing methods for e-business direct effects measurement in business processes. This research shows lack of appropriate methods specifically oriented to SMEs. Dissertation proposal is focused on four main problems in measuring future effects of e-business implementation in business processes. The paper emphasizes these issues, whose solution will further lead to new methodology for measuring and assessing direct effects of e-business implementation in SMEs as part of business to business (B2B) communication and the exchange of structured electronic documents in business process cycle, from order to payment.
The Performance of the Serbian Hotel Industry / Performanse Hotelskog Poslovanja U Srbiji
Authors: Mašić Saša I. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe aim of this paper is to determine operating performance of hotel companies in Serbia. The analysis was conducted on a sample that included approximately 31.35% of the total available hotel capacity in Serbia for the period from 2004 to 2011. The sample was designed to be representative of the hotel distribution by territory and category. Business performance of hotel companies was analyzed using TREVPAR and GOPPAR indicators both at the national level, for tourism clusters and the largest Serbian cities. The results show that hotel companies in Serbia, on average, achieved low TREVPAR and GOPPAR values. In 2011, the average TREVPAR of companies in Serbia was 28 EUR, and GOPPAR approximately 3.7 EUR. The study registered a significant decline in the value of these indicators for the period from 2008 to 2011, primarily as a result of the economic crisis. Results significantly better than the national average were achieved by hotel companies from Belgrade that had a mean TREVPAR value of 46.2 EUR and GOPPAR value of 8.6 EUR. During the analyzed period, the largest increase in the value of the analyzed indicators was registered in the city of Kragujevac as a result of significant investments made by the car manufacturer “Fiat” and its sub-contractors. These investments have led to a significant increase in the number of foreign tourist arrivals and consequently to an increase in business performance of hotel companies in Kragujevac.
Determination of some important emissions of poultry waste co-combustion
Authors: Topal Huseyin , Amirabedin Ehsan 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Poultry Wastes (PW) are rich biomass types which can be utilized as renewable energy sources in energy conversion systems. The PW is a mixture of poultry litter and organic materials spread on the poultry houses ground. In this paper, combustion of the poultry waste alone and mixed with coal in a combustor set up are implemented, and emissions are monitored. Experimental results reveal that, co-combustion of PW in an existing combustor firing coal can be considered as the best environment-friendly remedy to dispose the facility wastes while reducing the combustion emissions of the system.
Aktivitas Tabir Surya Ekstrak Etanol Herba Kerokot (Lygodium microphyllum)
Authors: Panjaitan Monalyta , Ramadhan Adam M. , Rahmawati Dewi 
Published: May 2018

Herba Kerokot ( Lygodium microphyllum ) memiliki potensi beraktivitas sebagai tabir surya karena mengandung senyawa fenol dan flavonoid yang mampu menyerap sinar ultraviolet. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kategori aktivitas tabir surya dari ektrak dan fraksi herba kerokot. Dilakukan ekstraksi herba kerokot lalu fraksinasi, kemudian ekstrak dan fraksi diukur menggunakan instrument spektofotometer pada panjang gelombang 292,5 -372,5 nm, Hasil pengukuran menunjukkan bahwa aktivitas tabir surya herba kerokot berdasarkan nilai presentase transmisi eritema( %Te) dan presentase pigmentasi (%Tp). berdasarkan presentase transmisi eritema aktvitas tabir surya herba kerokot termasuk dalam kategori fast tanning, proteksi ekstra dan suntan standar, sedangkan aktivitas tabir surya ekstrak herba kerokot berdasarkan presentase transmisi pigmentasi termasuk kategori sunblock dan potensi ekstra
Hα Emitting Galaxies at z ∼ 0.6 in the Deep And Wide Narrow-band Survey
Authors: Coughlin Alicia , Rhoads James E. , Malhotra Sangeeta , Probst Ronald , Swaters Rob , Tilvi Vithal S. , Zheng Zhen-Ya , Finkelstein Steven , Hibon Pascale , Mobasher Bahram , Jiang Tianxing , Joshi Bhavin , Pharo John , Veilleux Sylvain , Wang Junxian , Yang Huan , Zabl Johannes 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
We present new measurements of the Hα luminosity function (LF) and star formation rate (SFR) volume density for galaxies at z ∼ 0.62 in the COSMOS field. Our results are part of the Deep And Wide Narrow-band Survey (DAWN), a unique infrared imaging program with large areal coverage (∼1.1 deg2 over five fields) and sensitivity (

at 5σ). The present sample, based on a single DAWN field, contains 116 Hα emission-line candidates at z ∼ 0.62, 25% of which have spectroscopic confirmations. These candidates have been selected through the comparison of narrow and broad-band images in the infrared and through matching with existing catalogs in the COSMOS field. The dust-corrected LF is well described by a Schechter function with

erg s−1,

Mpc−3,

erg s−1 Mpc−3, and α = −1.75 ± 0.09. From this LF, we calculate a SFR density of ρ
SFR = 10−1.37 ± 0.08
M
⊙ yr−1 Mpc−3. We expect an additional cosmic variance uncertainty of ∼20%. Both the faint end slope and luminosity density that we derive are consistent with prior results at similar redshifts, with reduced uncertainties. We also present an analysis of these Hα emitters’ sizes, which shows a direct correlation between the galaxies’ sizes and their Hα emission.
Electron Heating in Low Mach Number Perpendicular Shocks. II. Dependence on the Pre-shock Conditions
Authors: Guo Xinyi , Sironi Lorenzo , Narayan Ramesh 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Recent X-ray observations of merger shocks in galaxy clusters have shown that the post-shock plasma is two-temperature, with the protons being hotter than the electrons. In this work, the second of a series, we investigate the efficiency of irreversible electron heating in perpendicular low Mach number shocks, by means of two-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations. We consider values of plasma beta (the ratio of thermal and magnetic pressures) in the range 4 ≲ β

p0 ≲ 32, and sonic Mach number (the ratio of shock speed to pre-shock sound speed) in the range 2 ≲ M

s
≲ 5, as appropriate for galaxy cluster shocks. As shown in Paper I, magnetic field amplification—induced by shock compression of the pre-shock field, or by strong proton cyclotron and mirror modes accompanying the relaxation of proton temperature anisotropy—can drive the electron temperature anisotropy beyond the threshold of the electron whistler instability. The growth of whistler waves breaks the electron adiabatic invariance, and allows for efficient entropy production. We find that the post-shock electron temperature T

e2 exceeds the adiabatic expectation

by an amount

(here, T

e0 is the pre-shock temperature), which depends only weakly on the plasma beta over the range 4 ≲ β

p0 ≲ 32 that we have explored, as well as on the proton-to-electron mass ratio (the coefficient of ≃0.044 is measured for our fiducial

, and we estimate that it will decrease to ≃0.03 for the realistic mass ratio). Our results have important implications for current and future observations of galaxy cluster shocks in the radio band (synchrotron emission and Sunyaev–Zel’dovich effect) and at X-ray frequencies.
The R-process Alliance: First Release from the Southern Search for R-process-enhanced Stars in the Galactic Halo*
Authors: Hansen Terese T. , Holmbeck Erika M. , Beers Timothy C. , Placco Vinicius M. , Roederer Ian U. , Frebel Anna , Sakari Charli M. , Simon Joshua D. , Thompson Ian B. 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
The recent detection of a binary neutron star merger and the clear evidence of the decay of radioactive material observed in this event have, after 60 years of effort, provided an astrophysical site for the rapid neutron-capture (r-) process which is responsible for the production of the heaviest elements in our universe. However, observations of metal-poor stars with highly enhanced r-process elements have revealed abundance patterns suggesting that multiple sites may be involved. To address this issue, and to advance our understanding of the r-process, we have initiated an extensive search for bright (V < 13.5), very metal-poor ([Fe/H] < −2) stars in the Milky Way halo exhibiting strongly enhanced r-process signatures. This paper presents the first sample collected in the southern hemisphere using the echelle spectrograph on du Pont 2.5 m telescope at Las Campanas Observatory. We have observed and analyzed 107 stars with −3.13 < [Fe/H] < −0.79. Of those, 12 stars are strongly enhanced in heavy r-process elements (r-II), 42 stars show moderate enhancements of heavy r-process material (r-I), and 20 stars exhibit low abundances of the heavy r-process elements and higher abundances of the light r-process elements relative to the heavy ones (limited-r). This search is more successful at finding r-process-enhanced stars compared to previous searches, primarily due to a refined target selection procedure that focuses on red giants.
Far-UV HST Spectroscopy of an Unusual Hydrogen-poor Superluminous Supernova: SN2017egm
Authors: Yan Lin , Perley D. A. , Cia A. De , Quimby R. , Lunnan R. , Rubin Kate H. R. , Brown P. J. 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
SN2017egm is the closest (z = 0.03) H-poor superluminous supernova (SLSN-I) detected to date, and a rare example of an SLSN-I in a massive, metal-rich galaxy. We present the HST UV and optical spectra covering 1000–5500 Å, taken at +3 day relative to the peak. Our data reveal two absorption systems at redshifts matching the host galaxy NGC 3191 (z = 0.0307) and its companion galaxy (z = 0.0299) 73″ apart. Weakly damped Lyα absorption lines are detected at these two redshifts, with H i column densities of (3.0 ± 0.8) × 1019 and (3.7 ± 0.9) × 1019 cm−2, respectively. This is an order of magnitude smaller than the H i column densities in the disks of nearby galaxies (>1010
M
⊙) and suggests that SN2017egm is on the near side of NGC 3191 and has a low host extinction (E(B − V) ∼ 0.007). Using unsaturated metal absorption lines, we find that the host of SN2017egm probably has a solar or higher metallicity and is unlikely to be a dwarf companion to NGC 3191. Comparison of early-time UV spectra of SN2017egm, Gaia16apd, iPTF13ajg, and PTF12dam finds that the continuum at λ > 2800 Å is well fit by a blackbody, whereas the continuum at λ < 2800 Å is considerably below the model. The degree of UV suppression varies from source to source, with the 1400–2800 Å continuum flux ratio of 1.5 for Gaia16apd and 0.4 for iPTF13ajg. This cannot be explained by the differences in magnetar power or blackbody temperature. Finally, the UV spectra reveal a common set of seven broad absorption features and their equivalent widths are similar (within a factor of 2) among the four events.