bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ground-deformation Form and Control Factors Caused by Irrigation
Authors: Yao Yong , Cai Hualong 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Since irrigation in1968, ground deformation and geological disasters frequently happened. Based on depth investigation, survey and experimental research, this paper comprehensively analyze the geological environment background of Heifangtai. The distribution and types of ground deformation were systematically categorized. On this basis, this paper analyze control factors of ground deformation. Topography, geological structure, stratigraphy and lithology are the internal factors, while irrigation is the main predisposing factor. The ground deformation is the result of various factors. Study will provide the foundation for geological environment caused by irrigation. This paper has some theoretical and practical significance.
The safety evaluation of management in chemical enterprise with generalized regression neural network
Authors: Yuan Y , Zhou X , Man J , Jiao H , Jiang Q , Xu Q , Kong S , Gao W 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
In order to better evaluate chemical enterprises, artificial neural networks including the back-propagation neural network, radial basis function neural network and generalized regression neural network were used in this paper. The management in chemical enterprise was evaluated. The expert scores and evaluation values are analyzed. The results show that the generalized regression neural network and the radial basis function neural network can better evaluate and predict the safety of chemical enterprises. The prediction of radial basis function neural network is more accurate.
Development and Optimization of Road Power Generation Equipment via Gas Collection
Authors: Zhong Ke , Sun Mingzhi , Sun Shengkai 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
With the development of society, the demand for reliable uninterruptible power sources is increasing. At the same time, with the improvement of people’s life and environment protection, the developing of clean, environmental, reliable and inexpensive new energy sources has become a new research hotspot in the world. Highway infrastructure has good potential to develop renewable energy in addition to the transport function. Based on the energy loss caused by the transformation of kinetic energy into potential energy when the vehicle passes through the deceleration strip, a set of green mechanical power generation equipment is designed by introducing compressed air energy storage technology. The design scheme and working principle of the equipment are described and analyzed, and the prototype of the equipment is manufactured. The power generation efficiency of the equipment is tested by loading test, and the design and operation parameters of the equipment are optimized accordingly. The energy generated by 50000 loading tests is 0.123kw·h, which preliminarily realizes the development and utilization of potential road energy.
The optimal design of fire fighting suits
Authors: Huang Yiping 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Fire fighting suits are very important for fire rescue workers. However, at present, the design is not optimal. In this paper, we design an optimal fire fighting suits, considering the temperature distribution of a dummy with a constant temperature. Because the dummy has a constant temperature, it cannot simulate human metabolism, which means the design process should be an unsteady heat transfer process with an internal heat source. Hence, we have made a reasonable simplification of the process. According to the principle of heat balance, since the temperature is dynamic, a recursive relation about the temperature is established, and the optimal thickness of layer II is 15mm through simulation. By integrating the recursive formula, the functional expression of temperature with respect to time, layer II thickness and layer IV thickness can be obtained under certain approximation. Since the outside temperature of the dummy is constantly rising, it is only necessary to ask the temperature value of the 25th minute and the 30th minute for each thickness condition to reach the desired temperature limit. Therefore, different thickness values are circulated discretely to establish the optimal function of thickness, and the thickness of layer II is 2mm and that of layer IV is 4mm.
Clogging test on filter fabric of plastic drainage board used in clay
Authors: Zheng Ai-rong , Wang Chuang 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Vacuum preloading technology combined with plastic drainage board has been applied more and more widely. Because the plastic drainage board is used soft-clay in most cases, it is not recommend to study the clogging of filter fabric by gradient ratio method. Therefore, we have proposed a new experimental method, i.e. axial compression clogging. This method can be used to study the clogging of geotextile in clay. Several groups of filters fabric were carried out by this method, and their performances were compared with those obtained from on-side used plastic drainage board. The results show that soil content per unit area and vertical permeability coefficient are very close to those obtained from on-side used plastic drainage board, and the values of the former are slightly smaller than those of the latter.
Experimental Study on Cracks of CFRP Reinforced Prestressed Concrete Beams
Authors: Liu Yunyan , Fan Yingfang 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Ten prestressed concrete beams were designed and manufactured, which were preloaded with 40% and 60% ultimate load to crack. Then the beams were reinforced by CFRP and immersed in chloride condition for 120 days. After that, a four-point bending test was performed. Based on the statistics and fractal theories, the cracking mechanism, distribution and shapes of cracks in mid span were researched, considering the initial cracks, CFRP reinforcement and chloride corrosion. The test results demonstrate that CFRP has a restraining effect on the cracks, and the effect decreases with the increases of heights. The crack widths conform to normal distribution, and the dispersion coefficient, average widths and characteristic widths decrease with the increase of the heights, and the three parameters of CFRP reinforced beams at the same heights are all smaller than those of unreinforced beams. The fractal dimensions of cracks in unreinforced beams and CFRP reinforced beams increase linearly and exponentially with load steps, respectively. CFRP reinforcement and Chloride corrosion makes the fractal dimension increase, respectively. The corrosion effect of chloride can be weakened by CFRP. Therefore, the fractal dimensions of beam cracks can be used to evaluate the damage caused by several coupled load conditions.
Research and Enlightenment to China on Identification and Evaluation of Architecture Public Open Space in New York POPS Management and Control System
Authors: Shi Ying , Qin Qirui 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Architecture public open space is an indispensable part of urban public open space, and its construction is a long-term and sustainable process. Some mainland cities and regions in China began to pay attention to the role of building public open space in urban public space from the 1990s and relevant incentives were formulated when land was sold. However, due to the lack of a targeted and complete control system, especially the lack of identification criteria for architecture public open space, the construction, use and maintenance of architecture public open space are unsatisfactory. Based on the study of New York’s POPS management and control system, this paper summarizes the experience of identification and evaluation of architecture public open space in order to provide inspiration for the establishment of identification and evaluation system of building public open space in China.
Transformation of Rainfall(Aug 6,2018) characteristics in Yinchuan city
Authors: Li Hongying , Shen Zhenzhou , Yu Guoqiang , Yang Qiannan , Jing Xinai , Lin Jing , Ma Zhilin , Li Weiwi 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The rainfall feature were analyzed at Yinchuan city in this paper, the rainfall feature was detected by LPM laser raindrop spectrometer, including rainfall raindrops speed and raindrops size. The data shows that the rainfall raindrops speed and size of natural raindrops were relatively strongly; In the process of individual rainfall, the rainfall raindrops final speed of the rain is mainly distribution between 0.6-5.8m/s, the biggest of the final speed is generally 1.0m/s; and rainfall raindrops is mainly composed of the particle size of 0.125- 0.5mm rainfall raindrops. The rainfall raindrops speed of 0.125mm diameter is mainly distribute between 0.6-1.8m/s, the rainfall raindrops speed of 0.25mm particle size is mainly distribute between 0.8-1.8m/s, the rainfall raindrops speed of 0.375mm distribute in the 1-1.8m/s, the rainfall raindrops speed of 0.5mm particle size of the raindrops mainly distribute in the 1.0-2.2m/s.
Optimal Configuration of Energy Storage Systems in Virtual Power Plants Including Large-scale Distributed Wind Power
Authors: Han Ninghui , Wang Xuanyuan , Chen Songsong , Cheng Lin , Liu Haitao , Liu Zhen , Mao Yingying 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
With energy shortages and environmental pollution becoming increasingly prominent, the power industry is inevitably facing enormous challenges. Distributed power supplies are reliable, flexible, economical and environmentally friendly, while they are widely distributed in number and have great volatility and randomness. The virtual power plant (VPP) helps to integrate a large amount of distributed energy in the smart grid, providing a proven solution to the above from a new perspective. Based on the virtual power plant with large-scale distributed wind power, this paper studies the optimal configuration model of energy storage system(ESS). According to economy, load shifting and safety norms in the energy storage system, the optimal objective function of the energy storage system is established. The model is solved by particle swarm optimization algorithm, and the feasibility of the proposed model is verified by an example. It is concluded that optimization result is affected by weight factors and to the three roles of energy storage system.
A route optimization method based on simulated annealing algorithm for wind-assisted ships
Authors: Li Yuankui , Qiao Chunfu 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Aimed to the global demand for energy-saving and emission-reduction, and urgent need of shipping industry to cut down fuel costs, the wind-assisted ships are taken as an effective way for energy-saving and emission reduction of transoceanic crossing ships, this work focused on route optimization model to provide theoretical basis and technical support for wind-assisted ships. Firstly, this work analyses the route optimization of the wind-assisted ship, and two optimization objectives are defined. Secondly, the route optimization models for the minimum fuel consumption under the limited voyage time and the minimum voyage time on the condition of fixed main engine power were built separately, and the optimization algorithm based on simulated annealing was designed. At last, a 76,000DWT wind-assisted ship was taken as the experimental ship, and the feasibility and rationality of the model and algorithm was verified. As the simulation shown, the optimal route solved in this paper is effective in path planning problem of wind-assisted ship and has practical significance.
Design of a high efficiency electro-Fenton system with Fe0@Fe3O4/ACF composite cathode for lignin wastewater treatment
Authors: Li Haiyan , Zhou Maojuan , Chen Yiming , Li Yan , Chen Xing , Gao Xibo , Xiao Cong 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Lignin is a complex phenylpropanoid biopolymer conferring mechanical strength to plant cell walls. Biorefineries, along with pulp and paper industry, generate large quantities of lignin. Lignin valorization is an essential process for an advanced, sustainable, and economical biomass-based industry. In this study, for the first time nanostructured Fe0@Fe3O4 was loaded on active carbon fiber (ACF) as an oxygen diffusion cathode to be used in a heterogeneous electro-Fenton (E-Fenton) oxidation system. This novel Fe0@Fe3O4/ACF composite cathode was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), BET surface area analysis, transmission electron microscopy (TEM). On the degradation of lignin in water, this heterogeneous E-Fenton system with the Fe0@Fe3O4/ACF cathode showed much higher activity than other E-Fenton systems with commercial zero valent iron powders (Fe0) and Iron ions (Fe3+) under same condition. On the basis of experimental results, we proposed a possible pathway of lignin degradation in this heterogeneous Fe0@Fe3O4/ACF E-Fenton process. This heterogeneous E-Fenton system is very promising to remove organic pollutants in water.
The impact of virtual water strategy on domestic inter-regional agriculture products trade of China
Authors: Hu Mengting , Cai Rong , Guo Huiting , Song Dan , Liu Jing , Hou Shan , Bai Xue , Lin Ling , Zhang Lijia 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Faced with increasingly severe pressure on water resources, virtual water and virtual water trade theory provide a feasible solution to improve global water use efficiency for agricultural product and to alleviate the pressure on water resources in water-scarce countries or regions. However, virtual water strategy has not been considered in domestic inter-regional agriculture products trade of China. In this research, we will create scenarios, from two aspects of economy and the allocation and utilization of water resources, to study the impact of virtual water strategy on domestic inter-regional agriculture products trade of China. Two kinds of scenarios will be created. One kind of scenarios does not consider the virtual water strategy, which only consider the economic revenue - net social revenue maximization scenario. The other kind of scenarios considers the virtual water strategy - water resource balance scenario. And we will research the impact of virtual water strategy will be made on domestic interregional agriculture productions trade of China. The result shows that virtual water strategy could make advantage impact on the allocation and utilization of water resources by domestic inter-regional agriculture products trade of China. But domestic inter-regional agricultural products virtual water trade of China considered the virtual water strategy would cause great negative impact on net social revenue.
Research progress in friction stir welding of steel and aluminum
Authors: Kai Xu , Qi-rui Cui , Guo-qiang Li , Shu-quan Zhang 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Only by obtaining a good comprehensive performance of steel/aluminum dissimilar metal joints can the steel/aluminum dissimilar metal joint structure be used more widely in the field of national defense and national production. However, cracks and intermetallic compounds are easy to occur during welding of steel/aluminum, which seriously affects the quality of welded joints. As a kind of low temperature and high efficiency solid phase bonding method, friction welding has been attached great importance in the field of new material connection and high performance equipment manufacturing. Among friction welding methods, the friction stir welding has been paid more and more attention because of various types of welded joints. In this paper, the research progress of friction stir welding of steel/aluminum is introduced from the form and process parameters, which provides the basis for further research.
Analysis of the Reasons for Insufficient Output of an Ultra-supercritical Unit
Authors: Lu Jin , Chen Lin Guo , Chen Wen , Liu Zhuan , Yan Bo , Wan Zhong-hai 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
An ultra-supercritical steam turbine unit is N660-25/600/600 type intermediate reheat, single-shaft, three-cylinder four-row steam and double-pressure condensing steam turbine manufactured by Dongfang Steam Turbine Co., Ltd. Through relevant certification, the nameplate capacity of the unit was expanded to 700MW. Since the winter of this year, the unit has had insufficient output. According to the historical data of the site, the reasons for the insufficient output of the unit were analyzed. The diagnosis conclusion is that the reduction of the flow area of the high-pressure cylinder is the main reason for the limited output of the unit.
Calculation Method of Influence of Relative Efficiency Change of Steam Turbine Cylinder on Heat Loss
Authors: Chen Wen , Lu Jin , Chen Lin Guo , Cai Wen , Wan Zhong-hai , Yan Tao 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Based on the equivalent heat drop theory, the calculation method of the influence of the relative internal efficiency change of steam turbine cylinder on heat loss is proposed. The numerical results show that the method can more accurately evaluate the effect of efficiency change of each cylinder on heat loss, and provides a theoretical basis for the thermal economic diagnosis of steam turbine.
Influence of Delay Analysis and Research on The Thermal Power Unit’s PFC Performance
Authors: Li Jun , Liao DaPeng , Yang PengWei , Gao Song , Lin Bo 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Primary frequency control(PFC) of thermal power unit is an important means to ensure power supply frequency and safe and stable operation of power grid. Through the analysis and research of the PFC standard of the power grid, combined with the control structure of conventional thermal power units, it is pointed out that the delay and inertia inherent in the unit equipment have a negative impact on the PFC performance. From two directions of field dynamic test and laboratory simulation, existing problems of currently widely used control structures are clearly defined, and the technical means of reducing the influence of delay on PFC are proposed. The practical application results show that the proposed method can effectively reduce the overshoot of the PFC system and ensure that the system recovers quickly and stably.
An Overview of in-situ Development Technology of Oil Shale with Near and Sub-critical Water
Authors: Wang Lan , Li Zhiping 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
With unconventional oil and gas reservoirs gradually becoming the global oil and gas hotspot resources, the development and research of unconventional reservoirs has also been paid more and more attention by researchers. Among them, oil shale has enormous reserves in the world and plays an important role in unconventional resources. The development of oil shale can be divided into surface distillation and in-situ development. The purpose of this paper is to systematically summarize and evaluate the application of critical water in the development of oil shale. This paper also tries to find out whether there is more study on its application in order to realize industrial production of oil shale by critical water extraction. At present, researchers in China have done a lot of researches about near and sub-critical water development on oil shale, especially teachers and graduates of Jilin University. In the past two decades, researchers have made rapid progress in extracting organic matter from oil shale by using sub-critical water and near critical water. Sub-critical water refers to water whose temperature is lower than 374 °C and pressure is between 14 and 22.1 MPa, while near-critical water refers to water whose temperature is between 150 and 374 °C while the pressure is between 0.4 and 22.1 MPa. Water in these two states has superior mass transfer performance, acid-base catalytic function and lower dielectric constant than normal water. Of course, the biggest advantages of sub-critical water and near-critical water are non-toxic and inexpensive, which is of great significance to environmental protection in the process of oil shale development. In order to study the feasibility of in-situ extraction of shale oil from near-critical water and sub-critical water for field application, a comprehensive survey was conducted.
Analysis of heat transfer performance of precast concrete sandwich insulation wall
Authors: Liu Li , Hou Weikai , He Yuhan , Qu Sen 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Based on the thermal performance test of precast concrete insulation sandwich wall, the finite element model of the wall is established to analyze the influence of insulation mortar layer thickness and insulation layer material on the insulation performance of the wall. The results show that with the increase of insulation layer thickness, the insulation performance of wall with insulation mortar and EPS as insulation layer can be improved to a certain extent. After EPS is used as insulation material, the insulation performance of the wall can be improved obviously.
Comparative analysis of dynamic characteristics of Intake Towers based on Pseudo-Static and Response Spectrum Method
Authors: Li X T , Si Z , Huang L Z , Du X Q , Huangfu B H , Li C Y 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
This study analyses the intake tower of a pumped storage power station in a dynamic way. The pseudo-static and response spectrum methods are used to obtain the stress–displacement distribution of the intake tower structure under normal water storage conditions. The extreme values of stress and displacement in the X, Y and Z directions and the differences of their locations are comparatively analysed. The path of the maximum principal stress of the protruding part is finally obtained. Results show that under seismic conditions, the pseudo-static and response spectrum methods can reflect changes in stress. The pseudo-static method is relatively safe, but using the response spectrum method out of reach of an anti-seismic location is more reasonable. The research results can serve as a reference for the structure design of intake towers.
Research on Hydraulic Speed Control System of Ship Crane Anti-Rolling Device
Authors: Ji Yang , Wang Hu , Chen Haiquan , Guo Mingxuan 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Ship cranes will be shaken sharply due to the influence of additional loads such as wind, waves and current during operation. Due to the influence of additional loads such as wind, waves and flow, the marine crane in operation will cause the cargo to shake sharply, which reduces the efficiency of the work greatly. In order to solve this problem, a three-rope traction type anti-rolling device is designed. In this paper, a hydraulic speed control system of the crane anti-rolling device is designed, the boundary conditions of the traction cable load are analysed, The boundary conditions of the traction cable load are analyzed, and the parameter matching of the main components such as hydraulic motor and hydraulic pump in the speed control system is studied.
Case Study on Scale Optimization of Pump-storage Variable Speed Units Based on Power System Operation Simulation
Authors: Feng Jun-shu , Zhang Fu-qiang , Yuan Bo 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Pumped-Storage Hydro (PSH) power units, especially variable speed units, have great roles in guaranteeing power system operation safety, stability and efficiency. As the investment cost of pumped-storage variable speed unit is higher than fixed speed unit, it is necessary to study its optimal scale. This paper used a scale optimization model for variable speed units based on power system security constrained unit combination model, which can demonstrate the most economic scale of variable speed units in all new pumped-storage power units under a given power supply planning. And then, calculation examples of multi-category regions in China were done, which shows that in a given power plan, demand on pumped storage variable speed units in the peak shaving and valley filling category region is the highest, followed by safety guarantee category, and demand on pumped storage variable speed units in feed end areas in proportioned new energy absorption category is relatively low.