bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stalling of Globular Cluster Orbits in Dwarf Galaxies
Authors: Kaur Karamveer , Sridhar S. 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
We apply the Tremaine–Weinberg theory of dynamical friction to compute the orbital decay of a globular cluster (GC) on an initially circular orbit inside a cored spherical galaxy with isotropic stellar velocities. The retarding torque on the GC,

, is a function of its orbital radius

. The torque is exerted by stars whose orbits are resonant with the GC’s orbit and given as a sum over the infinitely many possible resonances by the Lynden-Bell–Kalnajs (LBK) formula. We calculate the LBK torque

and determine

for a GC of mass

and an isochrone galaxy of core mass

and core radius

. (i) When

, many strong resonances are active, and as expected,

, the classical Chandrasekhar torque. (ii) For

,

comes mostly from stars nearly corotating with the GC, trailing or leading it slightly; trailing resonances exert stronger torques. (iii) As

decreases, the number and strength of resonances drop, so

also decreases, with

at

, a characteristic “filtering” radius. (iv) Many resonances cease to exist inside

this includes all leading and low-order trailing ones. (v) The higher-order trailing resonances inside

are very weak, with

at

. (vi) Inspiral times for

to decay from

to

far exceed

.
Angular Momentum and Galaxy Formation Revisited: Scaling Relations for Disks and Bulges
Authors: Fall S. Michael , Romanowsky Aaron J. 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
We show that the stellar specific angular momentum j
⋆, mass M
⋆, and bulge fraction

of normal galaxies of all morphological types are consistent with a simple model based on a linear superposition of independent disks and bulges. In this model, disks and bulges follow scaling relations of the form

and

with

but offset from each other by a factor of 8 ± 2 over the mass range

. Separate fits for disks and bulges alone give

and

, respectively. This model correctly predicts that galaxies follow a curved 2D surface in the 3D space of

,

, and

. We find no statistically significant indication that galaxies with classical and pseudo bulges follow different relations in this space, although some differences are permitted within the observed scatter and the inherent uncertainties in decomposing galaxies into disks and bulges. As a byproduct of this analysis, we show that the j
⋆–M
⋆ scaling relations for disk-dominated galaxies from several previous studies are in excellent agreement with each other. In addition, we resolve some conflicting claims about the

dependence of the j
⋆–M
⋆ scaling relations. The results presented here reinforce and extend our earlier suggestion that the distribution of galaxies with different

in the j
⋆–M
⋆ diagram constitutes an objective, physically motivated alternative to subjective classification schemes such as the Hubble sequence.
The Effect of Galaxy Interactions on Molecular Gas Properties
Authors: Pan Hsi-An , Lin Lihwai , Hsieh Bau-Ching , Xiao Ting , Gao Yang , Ellison Sara L. , Scudder Jillian M. , Barrera-Ballesteros Jorge , Yuan Fangting , Saintonge Amélie , Wilson Christine D. , Hwang Ho Seong , De Looze Ilse , Gao Yu , Ho Luis C. , Brinks Elias , Mok Angus , Brown Toby , Davis Timothy A. , Williams Thomas G. , Chung Aeree , Parsons Harriet , Bureau Martin , Sargent Mark T. , Chung Eun Jung , Kim Eunbin , Liu Tie , Michałowski Michał J. , Tosaki Tomoka 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Galaxy interactions are often accompanied by an enhanced star formation rate (SFR). Since molecular gas is essential for star formation, it is vital to establish whether and by how much galaxy interactions affect the molecular gas properties. We investigate the effect of interactions on global molecular gas properties by studying a sample of 58 galaxies in pairs and 154 control galaxies. Molecular gas properties are determined from observations with the JCMT, PMO, and CSO telescopes and supplemented with data from the xCOLD GASS and JINGLE surveys at 12CO(1–0) and 12CO(2–1). The SFR, gas mass (

), and gas fraction (f
gas) are all enhanced in galaxies in pairs by ∼2.5 times compared to the controls matched in redshift, mass, and effective radius, while the enhancement of star formation efficiency (SFE ≡SFR/

) is less than a factor of 2. We also find that the enhancements in SFR,

and f
gas, increase with decreasing pair separation and are larger in systems with smaller stellar mass ratio. Conversely, the SFE is only enhanced in close pairs (separation <20 kpc) and equal-mass systems; therefore, most galaxies in pairs lie in the same parameter space on the SFR–

plane as controls. This is the first time that the dependence of molecular gas properties on merger configurations is probed statistically with a relatively large sample and a carefully selected control sample for individual galaxies. We conclude that galaxy interactions do modify the molecular gas properties, although the strength of the effect is dependent on merger configuration.
LACC1 Regulates TNF and IL-17 in Mouse Models of Arthritis and Inflammation
Authors: Skon-Hegg Cara , Zhang Juan , Wu Xiumin , Sagolla Meredith , Ota Naruhisa , Wuster Arthur , Tom Jennifer , Doran Emma , Ramamoorthi Nandhini , Caplazi Patrick , Monroe John , Lee Wyne P. , Behrens Timothy W. 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Both common and rare genetic variants of laccase domain-containing 1 (LACC1, previously C13orf31) are associated with inflammatory bowel disease, leprosy, Behcet disease, and systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis. However, the functional relevance of these variants is unclear. In this study, we use LACC1-deficient mice to gain insight into the role of LACC1 in regulating inflammation. Following oral administration of Citrobacter rodentium, LACC1 knockout (KO) mice had more severe colon lesions compared with wildtype (WT) controls. Immunization with collagen II, a collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) model, resulted in an accelerated onset of arthritis and significantly worse arthritis and inflammation in LACC1 KO mice. Similar results were obtained in a mannan-induced arthritis model. Serum and local TNF in CIA paws and C. rodentium colons were significantly increased in LACC1 KO mice compared with WT controls. The percentage of IL-17A–producing CD4+ T cells was elevated in LACC1 KO mice undergoing CIA as well as aged mice compared with WT controls. Neutralization of IL-17, but not TNF, prevented enhanced mannan-induced arthritis in LACC1 KO mice. These data provide new mechanistic insight into the function of LACC1 in regulating TNF and IL-17 during inflammatory responses. We hypothesize that these effects contribute to immune-driven pathologies observed in individuals carrying LACC1 variants.
Perivascular Adventitial Fibroblast Specialization Accompanies T Cell Retention in the Inflamed Human Dermis
Authors: Barron Alexander M. S. , Mantero Julio C. , Ho Jonathan D. , Nazari Banafsheh , Horback Katharine L. , Bhawan Jag , Lafyatis Robert , Lam Christina , Browning Jeffrey L. 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Perivascular accumulation of lymphocytes can be a prominent histopathologic feature of various human inflammatory skin diseases. Select examples include systemic sclerosis, spongiotic dermatitis, and cutaneous lupus. Although a large body of work has described various aspects of the endothelial and vascular smooth muscle layers in these diseases, the outer adventitial compartment is poorly explored. The goal of the current study was to characterize perivascular adventitial fibroblast states in inflammatory human skin diseases and relate these states to perivascular lymphocyte accumulation. In normal skin, adventitial fibroblasts are distinguished by CD90 expression, and dense perivascular lymphocytic infiltrates are uncommon. In systemic sclerosis, this compartment expands, but lymphocyte infiltrates remain sparse. In contrast, perivascular adventitial fibroblast expression of VCAM1 is upregulated in spongiotic dermatitis and lupus and is associated with a dense perivascular T cell infiltrate. VCAM1 expression marks transitioned fibroblasts that show some resemblance to the reticular stromal cells in secondary lymphoid organs. Expanded adventitial compartments with perivascular infiltrates similar to the human settings were not seen in the inflamed murine dermis. This species difference may hinder the dissection of aspects of perivascular adventitial pathology. The altered perivascular adventitial compartment and its associated reticular network form a niche for lymphocytes and appear to be fundamental in the development of an inflammatory pattern.
Prevalence and Outcomes of Exposure to Catastrophic Events Among Athletic Trainers
Authors: Estock Patricia , Simon Janet E. 
Published: December 2018

Context
Little is known about the prevalence of exposure to catastrophic events or how caring for athletes exposed to catastrophic events can influence burnout in athletic trainers (ATs).

Objective
To assess (1) the prevalence of exposure to catastrophic events, (2) the levels of burnout among ATs who have been exposed to catastrophic events, and (3) the coping strategies they used.

Design
Cross-sectional study.

Setting
Online survey.

Patients or Other Participants
We invited 9881 certified members of the National Athletic Trainers' Association to participate in this study; 1007 surveys were completed, for a response rate of 10.2% (433 men, 572 women, and 2 who preferred not to answer the question).

Main Outcome Measure(s)
Participants completed an online survey to assess demographic information, exposure to a catastrophic event, and scores on the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS) and the Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations (CISS). Scores on the MBI-HSS (personal accomplishment, depersonalization, and emotional exhaustion subscales) and CISS (avoidance, task, and emotion-oriented subscales) were determined. Two multivariate analyses of variance (one for MBI-HSS and one for CISS) were conducted using the independent variable of group (catastrophic event and no catastrophic event). The α level was set at P &lt; .05 for all analyses.

Results
A total of 518 ATs (51.4%) reported providing care to athletes exposed to a catastrophic event and 489 (48.6%) did not. The group that reported providing care for athletes exposed to a catastrophic event had a significantly worse personal accomplishment score (46.1 ± 6.7) than the group that had never provided such care (44.6 ± 7.7; P &lt; .05). The emotion-oriented score for those who had provided care for athletes exposed to a catastrophic event was 14.3 ± 4.8 versus 14.9 ± 4.2 for those who had not (P &lt; .05), indicating less use of emotion-oriented coping strategies.

Conclusions
The ATs who provided care to athletes exposed to a catastrophic event could be more likely to suffer from a lack of personal accomplishment and exhibit task and emotion-oriented coping behaviors.
Changes in organ and body weight, serum amylase and antidiabetic effects of tannins from Spondias mombin on streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats
Authors: Eluehike Nkeiruka , Onoagbe Iyere 
Published: December 2018

Background: Medicinal plants have been used for centuries in the management of chronic diseases including diabetes.Aim: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the possible antidiabetic effects and changes in serum amylase activities, body weight and organ weight of tannins from Spondias mombin on streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.Setting: The study was conducted in the department of Biochemistry, University of Benin, Edo state, Nigeria.Methods: A total of 24 albino Wistar rats were divided into four groups (A through D). Group A served as the normal control. Diabetes was induced in rats of groups B, C and D by single-dose intraperitoneal administration of streptozotocin (65 mg/kg body weight) to overnight-fasted rats. Only rats with fasting blood glucose ≥ 250 mg/dL were used for this study. Isolated tannins (100 mg/kg body weight) were administered to rats of group D only. Blood glucose was monitored on Day 0, Day 3, Day 10 and Day 21. After 21 days experimental period blood samples were collected and used for serum amylase activities. Tissues (liver, pancreas, heart and kidney) were excised out and weighed.Results: Tannins-treated rats showed a significant increase in body weight and serum amylase activity when compared with the diabetic control. Also, a significant decrease in blood glucose level was seen in the tannins-treated rats when compared with the diabetic control. A significant decrease in the weight of the pancreas and a significant increase in the weight of the liver were seen in the diabetic control rats when compared with the tannins-treated groups.Conclusion: Tannins of Spondias mombin have an antidiabetic effect and can restore serum amylase and body weight changes resulting from streptozotocin induction.
Indouralica IV
Authors: Čop Bojan 
Published: December 2018

Als hervorragender Komparativist interessierte sich Prof. Ostir auch für die Schicksale der Erforschung der gegenseitigen Verhältnisse zwischen den Sprachstämmen unserer Erde. In diesen Kreis gehört nun auch die in letzten zehn Jahren ziemlich stark in Angriff genommene Frage nach der Art und Weise der Verwandtschäftsverhaltnisse zwischen Indogermanisch und 'Uralisch. Die SachkundigEm wissen, wie lange diese Frage die sprachwissen­ schaftlichen Kreise beunruhigte, ohne irgendeine Klarheit in die sog. indouralische Frage zu bringen: um 1960 hatte man beim Bu­ chen nach den Beweisen für die Verwandtschaft beider Stämme erst nur etwa 40 Wortgleichungen und weniger als 20 Suffixgleichungen zur Verfügung. Seither änderte sich die Lage allmählich; den gemeinsamen Bemühungen der Forscher wie Collinder, Skalička, Rosenkranz, vor allem dem russischen Sprachwissenschaftler Illič­Svityč, gelang es, weitere verwandtschaftliche. Züge zwischen Indogermanisch und Uralisch nachzuweisen,so dass man aus den Arbeiten der genannten Forsc er heute etwa 100 Wortgleichungen und 25 Suffixgleichungen mit hohem Wahrscheinlichkeitsgrad anerkennen darf.
Slov. Adráš “Quercus ilex”
Authors: Grošelj Milan 
Published: December 2018

Besedo adráš razlagajo (gl.Bezlaj, Etim.slovar slov.j., Poskusni zvezek, Ljubljana 1963, str.7)iz psl. prim. csl. .r."rdeč, temnorjav". Razlaga bi bila dobra, Ker so za adráš- t.t. je črničevje (božje drevce)- značilne škrlatnordeče jagode, gl.Meyers Konversationslex 9 (1905), 752. Toda pri tej razlagi je treba suponirati, da je začetni prešel v ar- in da je zaradi sledečega -dr- prvi r po disimilaciji izpadel. Razen tega ni v skladu to, da na eni strani suponiramo kot osnovo staro obliko, ki v slovenščini ni ohranjena, v –aš pa vidimo sufiks madžarskega izvora, ki se je šele "pozneje" jel dodajati tudi domačim osnovam (Bajec, Besedotvorje I 202). Nadalje je rastlina pri nas omejena na Kras, torej na sredozemsko klimo, pripona -aš je pa'"vdrla k nam preko vzhodnih narečij ali preko hs." (ibid.).
Masdar arabo alla luce della teoria delle parti del discorso
Authors: Tanasković Darko 
Published: December 2018

La divisione delle unità linguistiche in un numero determinato di categorie 0 di classi è una delle operazioni linguistiche storicamente più antiche. Uno studio linguistico sistematico non si sarebbe potuto nemmeno pensare senza un raggruppamento grammaticale delle unità lessicali della lingua. Questa suddivisione dovrebbe esprimere i rapporti formali, funzionali e semantici esistenti all'interno del sistema linguistico, soddisfacendo contemporaneamente determinate categorie filosofiche e logiche generalmente accettate. In tal modo la divisione ideale delle parole in categorie dovrebbe esprimere illegame tra la lingua naturale, il mondo delle rappresentazioni umane e della realtà obiettivamente esistente nella quale agisce l'umanità. Tenuto conto della complessità dei compiti posti dinanzi alla teoria delle parti del discorso non ci meraviglia la constatazione che al suo perfezionamento si sia lavorato intensamente e tenacemente; d'altra parte è altrettanto chiaro che anche la più perfetta delle suddivisioni delle parole in categorie finora compiuta non può soddisfare sotto tutti gli aspetti, nell'ambito di una sola lingua e tanto più, quindi, su un piano di linguistica generale.
Continuatori balcanico-danubiani del Veneto "balota"
Authors: Battista Pellegrini Giovan 
Published: December 2018

E' merito di László Hadrovics di avere impostato una numerosa serie di ricerche etimologiche con un metodo originale che ha dato ampi frutti, fondato sullo studio globale di tanti dati, ma in primo luogo saldamente ancorato al minuzioso esame delle fonti e dei motivi storici e culturali che hanno occasionato i prestiti. I suoi contributi alia storia e all'etimologia di varie parole ungheresi costituiscono autentiche piccole monografie concentrate nel settore del lessico giudicato di norma "di etimologia difficile" nei dizionari specializzati; essi sono ora in buona parte riuniti in due volumetti: Jövevényszók-vizsģalatok (Indagini sui prestiti) del 1965 e Szavak és szólások (Parole ed espressioni] del 1975. In questa seconda miscellanea, nel capitolo quinto dedicato ai "prestiti italiani" (o­ lasz jövevényszók, alle pp. 78-94) l' A. ha l' occasione di occuparsi della voceungherese labda 'palla' (pp. 86-89) che presenta varie corrispondenze nelle lingue slave e balcaniche, oggetto di tante discussioni, come si può vedere anche dai piu recenti dizionari etimoiogici.
Les unites sémantiques de l' anaphorique français en dans la representation elliptique
Authors: Pogačnik Vladimir 
Published: December 2018

En fait partie des anaphoriques, c'est-à-dire des mots qui ne se réalisent pour la plupart des cas que dans un discours, dans un contexte. Sur ce plan, la dé- finition de Tesnière parlant des "mots vides sur le plan statique" et des "mots pleins sur le plan dynamique", ou encore des "mots pleins virtuels", nous paraît très juste et satisfaisante. Car il s' agit généralement des mots (pronoms et adjectifs - personnels; possessifs, démonstratifs, relatifs; verbe faire; adverbes ainsi, aussi, comme ça, là etc.) qui reprennent les antécédents auxquels ils se refèrent et par rapport auxquels ils sont "anaphoriques". La question de la fréquente anticipation des anaphoriques n' est qu' un probleme secondaire (p. ex.: Elle nous embête, la bonne femme. C 'est inoui, cette histoire. Il a vite fait de se barrer).
Inflection of modern Icelandic nouns, adjectives and adverbs
Authors: Orešnik Janez 
Published: December 2018

The present paper is a list of Modern Icelandic nouns, adjectives, and adverbs, analysed into their respective stems and endings; the declension of the suffixed definite article is also included. Under each item it is stated which rules, if any, apply in the derivation of its grammatical forms. The following items of the list should be consulted for new phonological rules: (3), (11), (12), and (133). A grammatical innovation has been implemented in the list, namely the so-called REPLACING ENDINGS. These are not added after the last segment of the stem, as endings usually are, but replace the last segment(s) of the stem. More is said on replacing endings in the Introduction.
Un presunto slavismo nell' opera di Pietro Aretino
Authors: Cortelazzo Manlio 
Published: December 2018

Pietro Aretino usa almeno due volte una curiosa espressione, che ha tutta l'aria di ripetere una formula popolare, anche se, almeno finora, non risulta attestata altrove, se si esclude un infelice rinvio del Florio (utilizzatore, del resto, delle opere dell'Aretino), che nel Queen Anna's New World of Words (London, 1611) accoglie "Sdraù, used for Esdraù. Looke Esdraù", dimenticando poi di registrare Esdrau al suo posto alfabetico. Nella terza giornata del Dialogo nel guale la Nanna insegna a la Pippa, del 1536 (a p. 290 dell' ediz. Aquilecchia: Bari, 1969) di una donna di partito si chiede: -Non dici tu che ella è carne d'Isdraù, che chi ne mangia una volta non ne vuol più? E 1'interpellata risponde: - Io ti ho detto che ella era robba da quattro soldi.
Pagine di storia linguistica Istrianas VII
Authors: Crevatin Franco 
Published: December 2018

Nella prima di queste Pagine (= "Bollettino del Centro per lo Studio dei Dialetti Veneti dell'Istria" 2, 1973-74, pp.31-42) è stato toccata quello che a mio avviso è un argomento di grossa rilevanza storica, ossia la presenza in Istria. dei Lon­ gobardi e la loro incidenza linguistico-culturale: ivi discu­ tevo uno di tali riflessi linguistici (plovīna "aratro asim­ metrico "); ora credo di poter riaprire il discorso più gene­ rale introducendo un nuovo elemento di giudizio.
On the lack of palatalization before –end- in the plural of Icelandic nominalized present participles such as Leikandi.
Authors: Orešnik Janez 
Published: December 2018

This paper discusses the velar pronunciation of the root final segments in the plural of the Icelandic nominalized present participles, e.g. in leikend-, the plural of leikandi "actor". Since k(k)and g(g) are pronounced palatal before e in other old words(e.g. in akkeri "anchor"), the velar pronunciation of leikend- and similar words requires an expla­ nation. I see in the non-application of the palatalisation rule (while that rule operated before e; it is by no means certain that it still does) to leikend- and similar words the effect of Kiparsky's phonological universal ("Neutralization processes apply only to derived inputs") as modified in Orešnik 1979 (substrings crucially involving word-derivational morpheme boundaries are not derived inputs). Thus the /k+e/ of leikend- is not a derived input, and the palatal1sation rule, a neutralisation process, does not apply to it.
"Ladinia" I - IV (1977-1980)
Authors: Tekavčić Pavao 
Published: December 2018

Da cinque anni i periodici dedicati alla linguistica retoro­ manza si sono arricchiti di una rivista: "Ladinia", con il sot­ totitolo "sföi culturl dai Ladins dles Dolomites", rivista fondata e diretta dal dott. Lois Craffonara e pubblicata dal­ l'Istituto Micurà de Rü a Piccolino, nella Val Badia. Abbinata fino al 1977 alla rivista "Der Schlern", sitrasformata dal 1977 in periodico autonomo, che "vën publiché önn en iade al ann con artìcui sön lingaz, letratöra, musiga, stôria,üsanzes y êrt figurativa" (num.l, p.3).La prefazione, firmata dal dott. L.Graffonara, si apre con il saluto di Capodanno conoscbonum iuto in tutta la Retoromania e riducibile alla formula latina bonum diem, bonum annum! (alle tre forme retoromanze citate si pu aggiungere quella soprasilvana: Bien di, bien onn!).
Patronimici in –ič a Trieste nel basso medioevo
Authors: Merkù Pavle 
Published: December 2018

Operando lo spoglio delle forme antroponimiche che compaiono in Trieste nei secoli XIII XIV e xv sia da fonti originali che da fonti già pubblicate e da alcune Tesi di laurea in Storia medioevale, siamo incorsi ·finora in 18 o 19 patronimici slavi in -ič portati da una cinquantina di persone. Li abbiamo trovati nelle seguenti fonti
Productive Second elements in nominal compounds: the matching of Englis and German
Authors: Hietsch Otto 
Published: December 2018

Amongst the treasured reminders of my postgraduate years in England, I cherish a sizable sheaf of manuscript pages, now yellow with age. They are in the hand of Sir William Craigie, that venerable pioneer of lexicographical study. The neat and delicate lines trace out the beginnings of a new venture. Sir William was making a record of the nominal compounds in Beowulf: they are arrayed under the banners of various headwords, each of which, as a glance will show, is a s e c o n d element of composition. Alas, work on the project was never completed, nor are the present generation of Anglo-Saxonists aware of the particular line of argument Sir William had in mind when he set out to re-list the Beowulf compound vocabu­ lary.