bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Extracorporeal photochemotherapy induces bona fide immunogenic cell death
Authors: Tatsuno Kazuki , Yamazaki Takahiro , Hanlon Douglas , Han Patrick , Robinson Eve , Sobolev Olga , Yurter Alp , Rivera-Molina Felix , Arshad Najla , Edelson Richard L. , Galluzzi Lorenzo 
Published: August 2019

AbstractExtracorporeal photochemotherapy (ECP) is employed for the management of cutaneous T cell lymphoma (CTCL). ECP involves the extracorporeal exposure of white blood cells (WBCs) to a photosensitizer, 8-methoxypsoralen (8-MOP), in the context of ultraviolet A (UVA) radiation, followed by WBC reinfusion. Historically, the therapeutic activity of ECP has been attributed to selective cytotoxicity on circulating CTCL cells. However, only a fraction of WBCs is exposed to ECP, and 8-MOP is inactive in the absence of UVA light, implying that other mechanisms underlie the anticancer effects of ECP. Recently, ECP has been shown to enable the physiological differentiation of monocytes into dendritic cells (DCs) that efficiently cross-present tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) to CD8+ T lymphocytes to initiate cognate immunity. However, the source of TAAs and immunostimulatory signals for such DCs remains to be elucidated. Here, we demonstrate that 8-MOP plus UVA light reduces melanoma cell viability along with the emission of ICD-associated danger signals including calreticulin (CALR) exposure on the cell surface and secretion of ATP, high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) and type I interferon (IFN). Consistently, melanoma cells succumbing to 8-MOP plus UVA irradiation are efficiently engulfed by monocytes, ultimately leading to cross-priming of CD8+ T cells against cancer. Moreover, malignant cells killed by 8-MOP plus UVA irradiation in vitro vaccinate syngeneic immunocompetent mice against living cancer cells of the same type, and such a protection is lost when cancer cells are depleted of calreticulin or HMGB1, as well as in the presence of an ATP-degrading enzyme or antibodies blocking type I IFN receptors. ECP induces bona fide ICD, hence simultaneously providing monocytes with abundant amounts of TAAs and immunostimulatory signals that are sufficient to initiate cognate anticancer immunity.
Successful application of prime and pull strategy for a therapeutic HSV vaccine
Authors: Bernstein David I. , Cardin Rhonda D. , Bravo Fernando J. , Awasthi Sita , Lu Peiwen , Pullum Derek A. , Dixon David A. , Iwasaki Akiko , Friedman Harvey M. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractOne promising approach for a herpes simplex virus vaccine uses a vaccine to prime and a chemoattractant to pull immune cells into the genital tract. We evaluated subunit vaccines (prime) and imiquimod (pull) in the guinea pig (gp) model of recurrent Herpes simplex virus type-2 (HSV-2). Following vaginal HSV-2 infection, gps were vaccinated with various combination of glycoproteins and adjuvant with or without subcutaneous or local applications of imiquimod after infection. Animals were examined daily for recurrent lesions and vaginal swabs collected for recurrent shedding. Although both the vaccines alone and imiquimod alone reduced recurrent HSV disease, the combination of local imiquimod and vaccine (Prime and Pull) was the most effective. In the first study, immunization with the trivalent vaccine alone or imiquimod alone decreased recurrent disease. However, the largest decrease was with the combination of vaccine and local imiquimod (P < 0.001 vs. placebo or vaccine alone). No effect on recurrent shedding was observed. In the second study, recurrent disease scores were similar in the PBS control group and the trivalent-immunized group treated with subcutaneous imiquimod however, significant reductions with glycoprotein vaccines and local imiquimod (p < 0.01 vs. placebo) were noted. The number of qPCR-positive recurrent swabs, ranged from 5 to 11% in the vaccinated+local imiquimod groups compared 29% in the PBS control group (P < 0.05). No recurrent swab samples from vaccinated groups were culture positive. We conclude that the strategy of prime (subunit HSV vaccine) and topical pull (intravaginal/topical imiquimod) decreased recurrent HSV more effectively than vaccine alone.
Neurons-derived extracellular vesicles promote neural differentiation of ADSCs: a model to prevent peripheral nerve degeneration
Authors: Roballo Kelly Cristine Santos , da Silveira Juliano Coelho , Bressan Fabiana Fernandes , de Souza Aline Fernanda , Pereira Vitoria Mattos , Porras Jorge Eliecer Pinzon , Rós Felipe Augusto , Pulz Lidia Hildebrand , Strefezzi Ricardo de Francisco , Martins Daniele dos Santos , Meirelles Flavio Vieira , Ambrósio Carlos Eduardo 
Published: August 2019

AbstractPotential mechanisms involved in neural differentiation of adipocyte derived stem cells (ADSCs) are still unclear. In the present study, extracellular vesicles (EVs) were tested as a potential mechanism involved in the neuronal differentiation of stem cells. In order to address this, ADSCs and neurons (BRC) were established in primary culture and co-culture at three timepoints. Furthermore, we evaluated protein and transcript levels of differentiated ADSCs from the same timepoints, to confirm phenotype change to neuronal linage. Importantly, neuron-derived EVs cargo and EVs originated from co-culture were analyzed and tested in terms of function, such as gene expression and microRNA levels related to the adult neurogenesis process. Ideal neuron-like cells were identified and, therefore, we speculated thein vivofunction of these cells in acute sciatic nerve injury. Overall, our data demonstrated that ADSCs in indirect contact with neurons differentiated into neuron-like cells. Neuron-derived EVs appear to play an important role in this process carrying SNAP25, miR-132 and miR-9. Additionally,in vivoneuron-like cells helped in microenvironment modulation probably preventing peripheral nerve injury degeneration. Consequently, our findings provide new insight of future methods of ADSC induction into neuronal linage to be applied in peripheral nerve (PN) injury.
Environmental influence on calcification of the bivalve Chamelea gallina along a latitudinal gradient in the Adriatic Sea
Authors: Mancuso Arianna , Stagioni Marco , Prada Fiorella , Scarponi Daniele , Piccinetti Corrado , Goffredo Stefano 
Published: August 2019

AbstractEnvironmental factors are encoded in shells of marine bivalves in the form of geochemical properties, shell microstructure and shell growth rate. Few studies have investigated how shell growth is affected by habitat conditions in natural populations of the commercial clam Chamelea gallina. Here, skeletal parameters (micro-density and apparent porosity) and growth parameters (bulk density, linear extension and net calcification rates) were investigated in relation to shell sizes and environmental parameters along a latitudinal gradient in the Adriatic Sea (400 km). Net calcification rates increased with increasing solar radiation, sea surface temperature and salinity and decreasing Chlorophyll concentration in immature and mature shells. In immature shells, which are generally more porous than mature shells, enhanced calcification was due to an increase in bulk density, while in mature shells was due to an increase in linear extension rates. The presence of the Po river in the Northern Adriatic Sea was likely the main driver of the fluctuations observed in environmental parameters, especially salinity and Chlorophyll concentration, and seemed to negatively affect the growth of C. gallina.
Ecology, threats and conservation status of Carex buekii (Cyperaceae) in Central Europe
Authors: Więcław Helena , Šumberová Kateřina , Bosiacka Beata , Hrivnák Richard , Dajdok Zygmunt , Mesterházy Attila , Minuzzo Chiara , Martinetto Edoardo , Koopman Jacob 
Published: August 2019

AbstractCarex buekiiis a tall sedge, forming large stands in wetlands, particularly in river floodplains across Central Europe and thus on many sites determining the typical appearance of riverine habitats. Our paper aims at increasing the knowledge on ecology ofC. buekiiand its role in the wetlands. Field data were collected in Poland, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary, and Italy.Carex buekiiusually occurs in nutrient rich habitats, but is also capable of colonising relatively nutrient-poor ones; it grows on both acidic and alkaline soils (pH 3.3–7.4) with diverse concentrations of assimilable elements (Ca, Mg, P, K). One of the most important ecological characteristics ofC. buekiiis its relationship to the floodplains of watercourses. It seems to be dependent on, or at least very tolerant to regular disturbances by streaming, floods and transport of sediments.Carex buekiiusually forms relatively uniform stands of its own association,Caricetum buekii. The species most frequently accompanyingC.buekiiareUrtica dioica,Calystegia sepium,Galium aparine,Rubus caesius,Phalaris arundinacea, andCirsium arvense. The sedge also occurs in the understorey of forests with e.g.Alnus glutinosa,Salix fragilis,Padus avium, andQuercus robur.Carex buekiiis able to colonise man-made or man-changed habitats such as railway embankments and roadsides or regulated river banks. Taking into account the IUCN Red List Criteria we propose to regardC.buekiias a least-concern (LC).
Controlling the emission properties of solution-processed organic distributed feedback lasers through resonator design
Authors: Bonal Víctor , Quintana José A. , Villalvilla José M. , Boj Pedro G. , Díaz-García María A. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractSurface-emitting distributed feedback (DFB) lasers with both, resonator and active material based on solution-processable polymers, are attractive light sources for a variety of low-cost applications. Besides, the lasers should have competitive characteristics compared to devices based on high-quality inorganic resonators. Here, we report high performing all-solution-processed organic DFB lasers, consisting of water-processed photoresist layers with surface relief gratings located over the active films, whose emission properties can be finely tuned through resonator design. Their laser threshold and efficiency are simultaneously optimized by proper selection of residual resist thickness and grating depth, d. Lowest thresholds and largest efficiencies are obtained when there is no residual layer, while a trade-off between threshold and efficiency is found in relation to d, because both parameters decrease with decreasing d. This behaviour is successfully explained in terms of an overlap factor r, defined to quantify the interaction strength between the grating and the light emitted by the active film and traveling along it, via the evanescent field. It is found that optimal grating depths are in the range 100–130 nm (r ~ 0.5−0.4). Overall, this study provides comprehensive design rules towards an accurate control of the emission properties of the reported lasers.
Biofilm formation capacity and presence of virulence factors among commensal Enterococcus spp. from wild birds
Authors: Stępień-Pyśniak Dagmara , Hauschild Tomasz , Kosikowska Urszula , Dec Marta , Urban-Chmiel Renata 
Published: August 2019

AbstractEnterococci are opportunistic pathogens that can form biofilms during infections and many virulence determinants are involved in this process. Although the virulence factors are often analysed in Enterococcus spp. from humans and food animals, little is known about gut enterococcal isolates from wild birds. Therefore, the determination of virulence factors among enterococci isolated from wild birds may provide new information about a possible source of infection for humans and animals or vice versa via the environment. We analysed different phenotypic and genotypic traits in enterococci from wild birds related to potential virulence in humans and animals and to evaluate biofilm formation and its relationship to virulence genes. The E. faecalis isolates were characterised by greater frequency of biofilm formation in BHI than E. faecium. There was a correlation between hydrophobicity and biofilm formation in BHI broth in E. faecalis. None of the isolates was haemolytic. The presence of some adhesion and gelatinase genes was detected in biofilm-positive isolates. The enterococcal pathogenic factors (esp, hyl, and cyl operon genes) did not seem to be necessary or sufficient for production of biofilm by analysed bacteria. Enterococcus species isolated from wild birds should be considered as a possible source of some virulence determinants.
Nutzerbefragung als Qualitätssicherungsmaßnahme in psychosozialen Krebsberatungsstellen
Authors: Ihrig Andreas , Maatouk Imad , Wickert Martin , Wünsch Alexander , Bruns Gudrun , Besseler Markus 
Published: August 2019

Zusammenfassung
Ziel Ziel der vorliegenden Erhebung ist es, bislang existierende Erfahrungen von Mitarbeitern psychosozialer Krebsberatungsstellen in Deutschland mit der Nachbefragung von Ratsuchenden als Qualitätssicherungsmaßnahme zu beschreiben und zu bewerten.
Methodik Vertreter verschiedener psychosozialer Krebsberatungsstellen wurden gebeten, einen Erfahrungsbericht über Nutzerbefragungen zur Qualitätssicherung zu erstellen. 9 Erfahrungsberichte werden vorgestellt und zusammenfassend durch die Arbeitsgruppe Krebsberatungsstellen der Arbeitsgemeinschaft Psychoonkologie der Deutschen Krebsgesellschaft (PSO) diskutiert. Besonderes Augenmerk galt dem von der Arbeitsgruppe empfohlenen Kurzfragebogen KBS-N (Krebsberatungsstellen-Nachbefragungsbogen).
Ergebnisse Alle teilnehmenden psychosozialen Krebsberatungsstellen berichten von positiven Erfahrungen mit Nutzerbefragungen, die jedoch einen personellen und logistischen Aufwand darstellen. Neben dem KBS-N kamen auch ausführlichere Fragebögen zum Einsatz. Die Befragungen wurden entweder kontinuierlich oder stichprobenartig über einen begrenzten Zeitraum hinweg durchgeführt. Die Ratsuchenden werden meist zu einem definierten Zeitpunkt direkt nach den Erstgesprächen oder nach Abschluss der Beratungssequenz befragt. Die Rücklaufquote ist bei persönlicher Ausgabe des Fragebogens nach dem Erstgespräch und Abgabe noch in der Beratungsstelle höher (85–95%) als bei postalischer Zustellung und Rücksendung (47–89%). Alle Beratungsstellen berichten übereinstimmend von sehr positiven Rückmeldungen zu den Beratungsleistungen. Vereinzelte Kritikpunkte betreffen insbesondere organisatorische Rahmenbedingungen.
Schlussfolgerung Nach Abwägung von Aufwand und Nutzen erscheint eine aktive Nachbefragung von Ratsuchenden mit dem Kurzfragebogen KBS-N, zumindest über einen begrenzten Zeitraum hinweg, eine praktikable Qualitätssicherungsmaßnahme darzustellen. Ausführlichere Nutzerbefragungen sind mit einem höheren Aufwand verbunden und daher eher für den Einsatz bei über die Qualitätssicherung hinausgehenden Forschungsfragestellungen geeignet.
The Role of Abnormal Hemostasis and Fibrinolysis in Morbidity and Mortality of Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia
Authors: Kwaan Hau C. , Weiss Ivy , Tallman Martin S. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractDespite the improved therapeutic advances in the management of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), a significant early mortality during induction, also referred to as early death (ED), remains an obstacle for further improvement in outcome. Hemorrhagic complications are the most common cause of morbidity and mortality. Perturbed hemostatic dysfunction is present as the result of abnormalities in both the coagulation and the fibrinolytic systems. The activation of coagulation is distinct from the classical disseminated intravascular coagulation. Multiple abnormalities in the fibrinolytic system have recently been identified. The most significant change is increased production of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) and its receptor annexin A2 by the APL promyelocytes. Among the hemorrhagic complications, intracranial hemorrhage predominates. The pathogenesis of this catastrophic event is elucidated by new evidence of adverse effect of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) on the brain, including both the plasmin-dependent and plasmin-independent pathways. In order to address the hemorrhagic complications, a thorough understanding of the hemostatic dysfunction is essential. In this article, our current concept of the abnormal hemostasis in APL is reviewed. The failure to reduce the early death rate, despite the introduction of effective therapy, will also be discussed.
All-Trans Retinoic Acid Impairs Platelet Function and Thrombus Formation and Inhibits Protein Kinase CßI/δ Phosphorylation
Authors: Luo Qi , Wei Guangyu , Wang Xiamin , Xu Xiaoqi , Ju Wen , Li Zhenyu , Gardiner Elizabeth E. , Andrews Robert K. , Zeng Lingyu , Xu Kailin , Qiao Jianlin 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAll-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) is widely used for induction of complete remission in patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). ATRA also regulates protein kinase C (PKC) activity. Therapeutic use of ATRA reportedly interferes with hemostatic function in APL patients, including effects on coagulation or other vascular cells, although effects of ATRA on platelets remain unclear. This study aims to investigate the effect of therapeutic-relevant doses of ATRA on platelet function. Human platelets were preincubated with ATRA (0–20 μM) for 1 hour at 37°C, followed by analysis of aggregation, granule secretion, receptor expression by flow cytometry, platelet spreading, or clot retraction. Additionally, ATRA (10 mg/kg) was injected intraperitoneally into mice and tail bleeding time and arterial thrombus formation were evaluated. ATRA inhibited platelet aggregation and adenosine triphosphate release induced by collagen (5 μg/mL) or thrombin (0.05 U/mL) in a dose-dependent manner without affecting P-selectin expression or surface levels of glycoprotein (GP) Ibα, GPVI, or αIIbβ3. ATRA-treated platelets demonstrated reduced spreading on immobilized fibrinogen or collagen and reduced thrombin-induced clot retraction together with reduced phosphorylation of Syk and PLCγ2. In addition, ATRA-treated mice displayed significantly impaired hemostasis and arterial thrombus formation in vivo. Further, in platelets stimulated with either collagen-related peptide or thrombin, ATRA selectively inhibited phosphorylation of PKCßI (Ser661) and PKCδ (Thr505), but not PKCα or PKCßII phosphorylation (Thr638/641). In conclusion, ATRA inhibits platelet function and thrombus formation, possibly involving direct or indirect inhibition of PKCßI/δ, indicating that ATRA might be beneficial for the treatment of thrombotic or cardiovascular diseases.
Leidenfrost effect studied by video analysis
Authors: Zeuner M , Schwark K , Hanisch C , Ziese M 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
When liquid droplets touch a sufficiently hot surface the Leidenfrost effect leads to levitation of the droplets on a steam layer. At the same time the heat flux from hot surface to droplet is strongly reduced and the droplet lifetime is increased. The understanding of this effect, which can readily be observed on a standard stove, requires knowledge of fluid dynamics, basic mechanics and thermodynamics. It therefore combines appealing experiments with interdisciplinary physics and is well-suited for teaching physical principles, experimentation, modelling and data analysis in schools and in the early stages of university physics. The aim of this work is to present some guidance for projects in this area. Video analysis was used to quantitatively measure droplet sizes and lifetimes of water and liquid nitrogen droplets placed on a hot plate. A simple model for a levitating droplet was developed and compared to the data. The findings indicate that video analysis is a suitable way to examine the Leidenfrost effect for droplet diameters between about 3 and 10 mm. From the analysis the effective thermal conductivities of the steam layers were determined and were found to be two to three orders of magnitude smaller than the thermal conductivities of the corresponding gases at rest. By measuring several different droplets under varying parameters it was concluded that the precision of the experimental setup is sufficient to provide a practical tool for pupils and undergraduate students to explore this fascinating everyday phenomenon.
The Role of Plant Diversity In Local Community Of Gili Iyang Island, Sumenep, East Java, Indonesia
Authors: Susiarti S , Sihotang VBL , Rugayah  
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Indonesia is known as an archipelago with more than 17,000 islands, one of which is Gili Iyang Island. The island is located in the eastern part of Madura island, including in the region of Sumenep regency, East Java Province, Indonesia. Gili Iyang Island is reported as one of the highest oxygen sites in the world with tourism potency such as various caves with its natural beauty. The research was aimed to discover the plant diversity and local wisdom of the community. Data was collected through direct observation, open ended interview with 20 informants in two villages. The results showed that no less than 94 species utilized as food, medicines and other purposes. The plant species used for food such as taal (Borassus flabellifer L.), bukkol (Zizyphusjujuba Mill.), bille (Aegle marmelos (L.) Correa.) and bintaos (Wrightia pubescens R.Br.). The latter species is still rare to consume as food, while medicinal materials are landhek (Barleria pronitis L), membhe (Azadirachta indica A. Juss.) and tanggeri (Sida rhombifolia L.).
Frailty, hospital use and mortality in the older population: findings from the Newcastle 85+ study
Authors: Keeble Eilis , Parker Stuart G , Arora Sandeepa , Neuburger Jenny , Duncan Rachel , Kingston Andrew , Hanratty Barbara , Jagger Carol , Robinson Louise , Kirkwood Tom 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Background
Frailty is a significant determinant of health care utilisation and associated costs, both of which also increase with proximity to death. What is not known is how the relationships between frailty, proximity to death, hospital use and costs develop in a population aged 85 years and over.

Methods
This study used data from a prospective observational cohort, the Newcastle 85+ Study, linked with hospital episode statistics and death registrations. Using the Rockwood frailty index (cut off <0.25), we analysed the relationship between frailty and mortality, proximity to death, hospital use and hospital costs over 2, 5 and 7 years using descriptive statistics, Kaplan–Meier survival curves, Cox’s proportional hazards and negative binomial regression models.

Results
Baseline frailty was associated with a more than two-fold increased risk of mortality after 7 years, compared to people who were non-frail. Participants classified as frail spent more time in hospital over 7 years than the non-frail, but this difference declined over time. Baseline frailty was not associated with increased time spent in hospital during the last 90 days of life.

Conclusion
Evidence continues to accrue on the impact of frailty on emergency health care use. Hospital and community services need to adapt to meet the challenge of introducing new proactive and preventative approaches, designed to achieve benefits in clinical and/or cost effectiveness of frailty management.