bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Convergence to the local time of Brownian meander
Authors: Afanasyev Valeriy. I. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Let {Sn, n ≥ 0} be integer-valued random walk with zero drift and variance σ2. Let ξ(k, n) be number of t ∈ {1, …, n} such that S(t) = k. For the sequence of random processes
$\begin{array}{}
\xi(\lfloor u\sigma \sqrt{n}\rfloor,n)
\end{array}$ considered under conditions S1 > 0, …, Sn > 0 a functional limit theorem on the convergence to the local time of Brownian meander is proved.
Existence of words over a binary alphabet free from squares with mismatches
Authors: Kotlyarov Nikita V. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The paper is concerned with the problem of existence of periodic structures in words from formal languages. Squares (that is, fragments of the form xx, where x is an arbitrary word) and Δ-squares (that is, fragments of the form xy, where a word x differs from a word y by at most Δ letters) are considered as periodic structures. We show that in a binary alphabet there exist arbitrarily long words free from Δ-squares with length at most 4Δ+4. In particular, a method of construction of such words for any Δ is given.
Improved asymptotic estimates for the numbers of correlation-immune and k-resilient vectorial Boolean functions
Authors: Pankov Konstantin N. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
We refine local limit theorems for the distribution of a part of the weight vector of subfunctions and for the distribution of a part of the vector of spectral coefficients of linear combinations of coordinate functions of a random binary mapping. These theorems are used to derive improved asymptotic estimates for the numbers of correlation-immune and k-resilient vectorial Boolean functions.
Analysis of the Cost of a Building’s Life Cycle in a Probabilistic Approach
Authors: Rogalska M. , Szewczak D. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
In the article the costs of alternative roofing techniques in the life cycle of the building were calculated. The calculations were made in accordance with ISO 15686-5 standard “Buildings and constructed assets – Service life planning – Part 5: Life-cycle costing”, using normative durability periods and minimum period of annual consumption of individual building elements to determine the durability of building components. The normative periods are valid in Poland in relation to the valuation of buildings. Probabilistic costs in the life cycle of ceramic, metal and bituminous coatings were analysed. The probability density distributions were assumed: beta for pricing factors and normal for the interest rate. Calculations were carried out for the periods of 100 years of operation of coverings, taking into account the costs of replacement and utilization. As a result of the calculations, the life cycle costs of alternative coatings with probabilities from 5 to 95% were obtained.
A rank rigidity result for CAT(0) spaces with one-dimensional Tits boundaries
Authors: Ricks Russell 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
We prove the following rank rigidity result for proper

CAT
⁡

(
0
)

{\operatorname{CAT}(0)}

spaces with one-dimensional Tits boundaries:
Let Γ be a group acting properly discontinuously, cocompactly, and by isometries on such a space X.
If the Tits diameter of

∂
⁡
X

{\partial X}

equals π and Γ does not act minimally on

∂
⁡
X

{\partial X}

, then

∂
⁡
X

{\partial X}

is a spherical building or a spherical join.
If X is also geodesically complete, then X is a Euclidean building, higher rank symmetric space, or a nontrivial product.
Much of the proof, which involves finding a Tits-closed convex building-like subset of

∂
⁡
X

{\partial X}

, does not require the Tits diameter to be π, and we give an alternate condition that guarantees rigidity when this hypothesis is removed, which is that a certain invariant of the group action be even.
Design and Development of Low-Profile Multi-Band Antenna Fed by SIW Cavity Resonator Using Twin Apertures
Authors: Sharma Meenakshi , Zadoo Manish , Kumar Ashwani , Kumar Pramod , Singh Shailendra 
Published: June 2019

AbstractA novel design of compact, linearly polarized and low-profile planar antenna which is electrified by Substrate Integrated Waveguide (SIW) resonator has been developed for multi-band applications of X-band spectrum. Radiating patch has been excited through two closely spaced longitudinal apertures of identical length but non-identical width, incorporated in SIW resonator. These apertures are responsible for multiple operating bands. The achieved fractional bandwidths are 1.29 %, 0.49 % and 1.60 % having resonant frequencies at 10.07 GHz, 10.85 GHz and 11.82 GHz respectively for |S11| ≤ -10 dB. The measured peak gain for first, second and third operating band is 6.54 dB, 6.86 dB and 7.68 dB respectively. The proposed antenna is a highly selective antenna for various applications of X-band microwave spectrum. This band has been particularly selected for military communication because it provides a trade-off between the characteristics (i. e. interference and rain resilience, data rates and remote coverage) of different frequency bands which are particularly suited to the needs of military users. It is very much suitable for secure communication i. e. to deny unauthorized access to sensitive unclassified information and prevent disruption of telecommunication. A comparative analysis of antenna’s parameters has been examined by Ansys HFSS and results are verified through experimental outcomes.
Transnational Civil Society Influence on Anti-Corruption Courts: Ukraine’s Experience
Authors: Zabokrytskyy Ihor 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The article analyzes Ukraine’s experience of transnational civil society influence on anti-corruption courts. Transnational civil society emergence, anti-corruption courts in the modern world as an element of anti-corruption campaigns and anti-corruption bodies institutional organization in Ukraine and transnational civil society involvement in the selection of judges of High Anti-Corruption Court of Ukraine are examined. The article concludes that Ukraine has involved civil society institutions, both national and international, in the processes of selection of judges. While national civil society involvement and Public Integrity Council of Ukraine has shown a decent level of success in preventing of candidates who are non-conformant with integrity requirements from being appointed as judges in the system of courts of general jurisdiction, in case of High Anti-Corruption Court of Ukraine the role of Public Council of International Experts is even more strengthened, with a decisive power on each of the candidate.
Knowledge and attitude of Egyptian parents toward childhood mental disorders
Authors: Arafa Ahmed , Magdi Marwa , Magdy Mayar , Elsharkawy Hasnaa , Saleh Lamiaa 
Published: June 2019

Abstract

Background
Parents’ awareness of childhood mental disorders can help in early detection and management. This study aimed to assess the knowledge of parents about childhood mental disorders and their attitudes toward children with mental disorders.

Subjects and methods
Parents of children attending two public primary schools in Beni-Suef city in southern Egypt were invited to participate in this cross-sectional study during the first semester of the academic year 2017/2018. Knowledge and attitude of parents toward childhood mental disorders in addition to their socio-demographic characteristics were evaluated using a self-administered questionnaire.

Results
A total of 468 parents (41.5% fathers and 58.5% mothers) participated in this study. Only 21.6% of parents had optimal knowledge of risk factors, 33.3% of manifestations/screening, 58.8% of types and 47.6% of treatment, while 42.7% of parents held a positive attitude toward impressions, 43.4% toward social distance, 63.7% toward spiritual treatment, and 59.4% toward chemotherapy and psychotherapy of childhood mental disorders. The multivariable-adjusted regression analyses showed that optimal knowledge associated with urban residence [odds ratio (OR) 1.56, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.05–2.30)] and knowing someone with a mental disorder (OR 1.62, 95% CI 1.08–2.41). The positive attitude was associated with urban residence (OR 1.80, 95% CI 1.18–2.74) and higher education (OR 2.14, 95% CI 1.32–3.48). Knowledge of parents correlated positively with their attitude toward childhood mental disorders (r = 0.258, p < 0.001).

Conclusion
A significant portion of parents in southern Egypt have suboptimal knowledge of childhood mental disorders and hold a negative attitude toward children with mental disorders. Future studies should focus on the possibility of including parents in screening for childhood mental disorders.
Rethinking early childbearing in Indonesia: is it preceded by a premarital first birth?
Authors: Widyastari Dyah Anantalia , Isarabhakdi Pimonpan , Vapattanawong Patama , Völker Marc 
Published: June 2019

AbstractPurposeThis study aimed to present the level and patterns of premarital first births in Indonesia, and its association with early childbearing.MethodsThis study used three rounds of the Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey, including a total of 29,483 women in 2002; 32,895 in 2007 and 45,607 in 2012. Those women who had their first child before reaching 19 years of age were defined as early child bearers, otherwise, the women were known as later child bearers. All conceptions that occurred 9 months after the first marriage were defined as timely births within marriage, thus, premarital first birth is a first birth that occurred less than 7 months after the first marriage.FindingsAbout 7–11% of Indonesian women conceived their first child before marriage. Both early and later child bearers experienced their first birth less than 7 months after their first marriage, however, women who experienced conception before marriage were twice as likely to become early child bearers compared to women who had their first birth occurred timely.ConclusionThe results of the present analysis show that some Indonesian women had their first child before marriage. Although the unavailability of marriage and birth registrations is the most plausible explanation for the decline in premarital first births among the youngest cohort, regional differences suggest there is also an influence of socio-cultural diversity in the premarital sexual practices of Indonesian women.
Association between menstrual disorders and school absenteeism among schoolgirls in South Egypt
Authors: Arafa Ahmed , Saleh Lamiaa , Shawky Sherwet 
Published: June 2019

Abstract

Background
Menstrual disorders are highly prevalent among girls and may interrupt school attendance. This study aimed to investigate the association between menstrual disorders and school absenteeism among schoolgirls in South Egypt.

Subjects and methods
A multi-stage random sampling method was adopted to select 930 schoolgirls. A self-administered questionnaire composed of 3 sections (socio-demographic characteristics, menstrual disorders, and school absenteeism) was used to assess the relationship between different menstrual disorders and school absenteeism during the previous 6 months.

Results
The mean age of the participating schoolgirls was 15.5 ± 0.8 years, age of menarche 13.2 ± 1.2 years, menstrual cycle duration 28.8 ± 7.3 days with average flow days 5 ± 1.3. During the previous 6 months, 43.9% of schoolgirls reported school absenteeism. Dysmenorrhea (89.1%) and premenstrual symptoms, especially abdominal spasm (62.2%), fatigue (32%), and headache (22.7%) were heavily reported during the same period. Menstrual flow >4 days [odds ratio (OR) 1.37, 1.04–1.80], premenstrual abdominal spasm (OR 1.60, 1.22–2.11), fatigue (OR 1.69, 1.27–2.24), breast tenderness (OR 1.67, 1.17–2.38), insomnia (OR 1.92, 1.31–2.80), abdominal bloating (OR 2.29, 1.34–3.91), dysmenorrhea (OR 4.44, 2.58–7.62), dysmenorrhea for more than 1 day (OR 1.38, 1.03–1.84), menstrual acne flare (OR 2.23, 1.68–2.97), dysuria (OR 1.96, 1.31–2.93), and facial hair (OR 2.59, 1.26–5.31) were significantly associated with school absenteeism.

Conclusion
Premenstrual and menstrual disorders are associated with school absenteeism among schoolgirls in South Egypt. Future research should focus on the effect of school counseling on reducing the absenteeism rate attributed to menstrual disorders.
Non-nativelike outcome of naturalistic child L2 acquisition of Japanese: The case of noun–verb collocations
Authors: Nishikawa Tomomi 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Many second language (L2) studies have shown that naturalistic L2 acquisition beginning from childhood leads to nativelike proficiency. The current study investigated whether the acquisition of such proficiency would be guaranteed, by examining a potential gap in the seemingly nativelike L2 proficiency of child L2 starters. At issue was the productive knowledge of noun–verb collocations by child L2 starters of Japanese (n=74, age 13–18) whose age of arrival (AOA) was between 0 and 11 and whose length of residence (LOR) was between 5 and 18 years. The collocation test included only items that were easy for native speakers (NSs) (n=162, age 13) age-matched for the youngest L2 participants. About one-third of the L2 participants, including the earliest arrivals, scored below the NS range on the collocation test. The current study concludes that early L2 onset does not guarantee nativelike productive knowledge of collocations, even when the collocations in question are very easy for NSs. The study also discusses pedagogical implications for child L2 starters, who are generally believed to become nativelike with ease.
Unemployment Compensation and Wages: A Difference-in-Differences Approach to Assessing the Wage Effects of the German Hartz Reforms
Authors: Weskott Johannes B. D. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
This paper examines the influence of the level of unemployment assistance (Arbeitslosengeld II) on the wage level by exploiting a quasi-natural experiment formed by the German Hartz reforms in 2005. Estimations are based on data from the Socioeconomic Panel ranging from 2000 to 2007. As dependent variables both real monthly gross salary and real hourly gross wage are used. Firstly, following the approach taken by Arent and Nagl (2013, Unemployment Compensation and Wages: Evidence from the German Hartz Reforms. Jahrbücher für Nationalökonomie und Statistik 233 (4): 450–466), a before-after estimator is applied. Secondly, in contrast to the replication study by Ludsteck and Seth (2014, Comment on „Unemployment Compensation and Wages: Evidence from the German Hartz Reforms“ by Stefan Arent and Wolfgang Nagl. Jahrbücher für Nationalökonomie und Statistik 234 (5): 635–644) a control group is constructed and a difference-in-differences estimator (DiD) is used for further assessment. The results of the before-after estimation indicate a negative influence of the unemployment assistance reform on wages. However, the corresponding placebo regressions cast doubt on whether the estimated effect is a policy effect. The DiD approach shows that substantial time effects exist. This indicates that the before-after estimator is not suitable for assessing the policy effect. Applying the DiD estimator, a negative significant policy effect is only identified for men in West Germany.
The CAPM with Measurement Error: ‘There’s life in the old dog yet!’
Authors: Simmet Anastasia , Pohlmeier Winfried 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
This paper takes a closer look at the consequences of using a market index as a proxy for the latent market return in the capital asset pricing model. In particular, the consequences of two major sources of misspecification are analyzed: (i) the use of inaccurate weights and (ii) the use of only a subset of the asset universe to construct the index. The consequences resulting from the use of a badly chosen market proxy reach from inconsistent parameter estimates to misinterpretation of test outcomes indicating the existence of abnormal returns.
A minimum distance approach of estimating the CAPM under measurement error is presented, which identifies the CAPM parameters by exploiting the cross-equation cross-sectional restrictions resulting from a common measurement error. The new approach allows for quantifying the impact of measurement error and for testing the presence of spurious abnormal returns. Practical guidelines are presented to mitigate potential biases in the estimated CAPM parameters.
An Empirical Undergraduate Introduction to Estimating Consumer Preferences Using Ride Choices at Disneyland
Authors: James Jonathan 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
This paper describes a simple and interesting method to introduce and teach undergraduate students about preference estimation using random utility models. The example centers around estimating preferences over rides at Disneyland theme parks and uses actual stated-preference survey data. The lesson is designed to be self-contained in a single 90 minute lecture. Given the strong background that many undergraduate economic students have with consumer choice theory, introducing preference estimation as a real-world application into econometrics curriculum can be an enriching experience.
On regularization of the Cauchy problem for elliptic systems in weighted Sobolev spaces
Authors: Shefer Yulia , Shlapunov Alexander 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
We consider the ill-posed Cauchy problem in a bounded domain

𝒟

{\mathcal{D}}

of

ℝ
n

{\mathbb{R}^{n}}

for an elliptic differential operator

𝒜
⁢

(
x
,
∂
)

{\mathcal{A}(x,\partial)}

with data on a relatively open subset S of the boundary

∂
⁡
𝒟

{\partial\mathcal{D}}

.
We do it in weighted Sobolev spaces

H

s
,
γ

⁢

(
𝒟
)

{H^{s,\gamma}(\mathcal{D})}

containing the elements with prescribed smoothness

s
∈
ℕ

{s\in\mathbb{N}}

and growth near

∂
⁡
S

{\partial S}

in

𝒟

{\mathcal{D}}

, controlled by a real number γ. More precisely, using proper (left) fundamental solutions of

𝒜
⁢

(
x
,
∂
)

{\mathcal{A}(x,\partial)}

,
we obtain a Green-type integral formula for functions from

H

s
,
γ

⁢

(
𝒟
)

{H^{s,\gamma}(\mathcal{D})}

. Then a Neumann-type series, constructed with the use of iterations of the (bounded) integral operators applied to the data,
gives a solution to the Cauchy problem in

H

s
,
γ

⁢

(
𝒟
)

{H^{s,\gamma}(\mathcal{D})}

whenever this solution exists.
The Thermocouple Revisited: The Benedicks and Seebeck Effects
Authors: Jacovelli Paul B. , Zinke Otto H. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Through altering the ambient environment of the iron conductor with respect to the copper conductor of an iron-copper thermocouple, the output emf of the thermocouple was reduced by a factor of almost two. This reduction was apparently a result of a Benedicks emf. Such a Benedicks emf was produced here in a continuous iron conductor. The Benedicks emf produced was about half the expected Seebeck emf from the copper-iron couple. The source of the Benedicks emf can be explained as a Seebeck charge separation produced by the effect of ambient radiation in one conductor of the thermocouple, while the effect of ambient radiation was deliberately removed in the other part of the conductor. The effect of ambient radiation was removed by matching the surface temperature gradient of the second part of the conductor point for point with an external (or ambient) temperature gradient.
The conclusions of this research contradict the assumption made by William Thomson [1] that the ambient surroundings have no effect on thermocouple behavior. This assumption, which was made almost two hundred years ago, has never been experimentally refuted.
The idea of using such a temperature match arose from a lesson learned from observations of directly measured Thomson coefficients by Jacovelli et al. [2]
Influence of Temperature on the Chromatic Dispersion of Photonic Crystal Fiber by Infiltrating the Air Holes with Water
Authors: Debbal Mohammed , Bouregaa Mouweffeq , Chikh-Bled Hicham , Chikh-Bled Mohammed El Kebir , Ouadah Mohammed Chamse Eddine 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
This paper describes study of photonic crystal fiber (PCF) in order to study the influence of temperature on the chromatic dispersion; these types of fibers are based on commercial structures, but air holes will be infiltrated with water. Using finite domain-beam propagation method, it is shown that the zero dispersion wavelength can be shifted from 1.058753 to 1.271767 µm, a shift of 213 nm. At 50 °C, a shift of 169 nm.
As a result, we reveal that the proposed PCF can successfully compensate for the chromatic dispersion by the influence of temperature. Furthermore, the design model and methodology can be applied to design other dispersion-based devices, such as dispersion-flattened fibers and dispersion-shifted fibers, or can be used also as a sensor of temperature.
A point-based Bayesian hierarchical model to predict the outcome of tennis matches
Authors: Ingram Martin 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
A well-established assumption in tennis is that point outcomes on each player’s serve in a match are independent and identically distributed (iid). With this assumption, it is enough to specify the serve probabilities for both players to derive a wide variety of event distributions, such as the expected winner and number of sets, and number of games. However, models using this assumption, which we will refer to as “point-based”, have typically performed worse than other models in the literature at predicting the match winner. This paper presents a point-based Bayesian hierarchical model for predicting the outcome of tennis matches. The model predicts the probability of winning a point on serve given surface, tournament and match date. Each player is given a serve and return skill which is assumed to follow a Gaussian random walk over time. In addition, each player’s skill varies by surface, and tournaments are given tournament-specific intercepts. When evaluated on the ATP’s 2014 season, the model outperforms other point-based models, predicting match outcomes with greater accuracy (68.8% vs. 66.3%) and lower log loss (0.592 vs. 0.641). The results are competitive with approaches modelling the match outcome directly, demonstrating the forecasting potential of the point-based modelling approach.
Evaluation of bait use for mammal richness
Authors: Ribeiro Renan L.A. , Bianchi Rita C. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of baits as a tool for estimating species richness for medium and large mammals. To this end, we installed 15 cameras in the Ecological Station of Jataí, São Paulo, Brazil (21°30′S – 47°40′W and 21°40′S/47°50′W). The cameras were placed in a grid with a distance of 1 km between each station. We randomly placed cameras with baits and those without baits and made observations for 4 weeks. Then, after a week’s break, the treatments were inverted and continued for another 4 weeks. We estimated species richness based on the presence or absence of species using the Jackknife1 estimator in the EstimateS program and compared the treatments using the paired Wilcoxon test. Species composition and estimated richness did not differ between treatments with baits (SJack1 = 20.97 ± 1.96) and those without baits (SJack1 = 20.95 ± 1.95; W = 30 p = 0.15). The rarefaction curves between the treatments were similar, suggesting that the use of baits did not increase or reduce the number of species recorded. In addition, the use of baits did not significantly increase capture rates. Analysis of the costs of the different treatments showed that the use of baits increased the project costs by more than 4 times. The findings of this study suggest that, for species surveys, camera traps do not need to be baited.