bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the irradiance levels delivered by non-conventional phototherapy devices for intensive Jaundice treatment
Authors: Reda S M , AbdElmaged A A , Monem A S , El-Gebaly R H , Faramawy S M 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The main purpose of this research is to evaluate irradiance levels delivered by non-conventional phototherapy devices.This evaluation can help to save energy, achieve better treatment and improves available intensive phototherapy quality in use in several hospitals in Egypt. The irradiated energy and uniformity of non-conventional phototherapy devices (n=36) were evaluated at nine hospitals in Egypt. These devices were categorized as three groups including; bilibeds with LEDs, bilibed with fluorescent lamps and bilisphere. The irradiance levels were measured using a phototherapy radiometer. The results show that the irradiance levels ranged from 20.3 to 93.1μW.cm-2.nm-1 and the LEDs bilibed devices produce average irradiance levels approximately double of those results from bilisphere with fluorescent lamps. Otherwise, the bilibed with fluorescent lamps (present about 30 % of the non-conventional phototherapy devices studied) is not adequate for intensive phototherapy. Any assessment of the irradiance energy of the phototherapy devices using a suitable calibrated sensor (radiometer) is mandatory in developing countries. The phototherapy devices that produces an adequate and accurate irradiance levels would increase the degradation rate of bilirubin in the blood and hence minimize the necessity to blood transfusion substitution. LEDs bilibeds produce sufficient electromagnetic energy for jaundice treatment. It can be used alone for intensive treatment better than the bilibed with fluorescent lamps and the bilisphere.
Matter-Antimatter Physics at Low Energy
Authors: Assaad Abdel-Raouf Mohamed 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The main objective of the present paper is to discuss the consequences of matter-antimatter interaction at low energy. The production of large number of cooled antimatter in laboratory and the formation of exotic atoms composed of particles and antiparticles are reviewed. Particularly, the quantum mechanical treatment of Four-Body exotic molecules is shortly discussed. The main goal of the paper is to shed light on possible novel discoveries and applications based on the coexistence of matter and antimatter.
Prediction of the received global solar irradiance for clear days – simple approach
Authors: Al-Nuaim I A , El-Adawi M K 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The prediction of the global solar radiation through a distribution function q(t), W/m2 for clear days is given where “t” is the local day time.: The distribution is based on a simple model and is expressed through well-established parameters such as the length of the solar day “td” and the maximum value of the received solar irradiance qmax, w/m2 at time instant “to”.qmax is expressed in terms of the solar constant. Comparison between the computed values of q(t) and the corresponding published experimental data for Hong Kong (China), Valencia( Spain) and Makah (Saudi Arabia) are given as illustrative examples. A test for the degree of fitting is also clarified.
New handling of thermoluminescence glow curve deconvolution expressions for different kinetic orders based on OTOR model
Authors: El-Kinawy Mohamed , El-Nashar Hassan F , El-Faramawy Nabil 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The exact equations of the thermoluminescence (TL) glow curve deconvolution that describe the intensity of a single TL glow peak of different order kinetics, which are obtained from the one trap-one recombination (OTOR) level model, are considered. The reformulation of the expressions of the intensities of TL glow peaks in terms of the peak intensity IM
, peak position TM
, and the activation energy ∈, for each order of kinetics are achieved. The authors developed a MATLAB computer code, which utilizes the obtained equations, to computationally deconvolute the TL glow curves. The code is used to investigate the reference glow curves of the GLOCANIN program. The obtained results agree with those previously reported by the GLOCANIN project with better values of the figure of merits FOM. The considerations of the obtained equations show promising trends to understand a peak formation for different order kinetics that belong to the OTOR level model.
Dc electric conduction mechanisms and high frequency dielectric properties of different magnetoelectric composites
Authors: Ashmawy M A , Sattar A A , El-Sayed H M , Rashad Mohamed M 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Various dc conduction mechanisms and high frequency (1MHz up to 3 GHz) dielectric properties have been studied for the particulate and 0-3 core shell composites. X -ray diffraction has been used to identify the structural properties. Tetragonal and cubic structures for PZT and ferrite respectively were appeared either in the pure form or in composites form. The microstructures have been investigated by TEM and particle size distribution was calculated. The microstructure plays a significant role in the electric properties. Dc resistivity vs. temperature measurements were implemented by using ‘two probe’ method. The room temperature resistivity was large in core shell in comparison with composite due to the unique microstructure of the core shell that enhances the interfacial disability of motion of carriers and increasing the carriers hopping path. Moreover, dc electric conduction mechanisms for all investigated samples have been determined. Curie temperatures for ferrimagnetic and ferroelectric phases were the transition points between the conduction mechanisms. Curie temperature of ferrites remarkably increased in the C.S. and composite. Finally, Dielectric and ac resistivity measurements were measured at room temperature. The dielectric constant (ε’) was enlarged in the core shell rather composite while the tangent loss was reduced. These appreciable enhancements could be useful in the high frequency applications.
Structural and ferri-magnetic features of the nano-crystalline Mn0.5CdxSr0.5-xFe2O4 nanoparticles
Authors: Ghoneim A I , Meaz T M 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Abstract.The as-prepared Mn0.5Cd
x
Sr0.5-x
Fe2O4 nanocrystals, (x = 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5), were synthesized by the one-beaker and smart co-precipitation strategy, thereafter nanocrystals were well-characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), FT-IR spectra, higher resolution transmission electrons microscopy (HTEM) and vibrating Nano-samples magnetometry (VSM) strategies. XRD investigation proved the evolution of the single-phase spinel structure for all nano-spinels. The crystallite size R values ranged from 16.05 – to – 32.1 nm, with declining behavior with Cd2+ cationic ratio x. FT-IR absorption spectrum displayed 6-absorption bands that were related to their principle sites and main bonds. The elicited parameters were influenced by the Cd2+ cations replacement instead of Sr2+ cations. Magnetic merits proved the soft-magnetic features for all these nanocrystals, whereas, all the magnetic parameters were influenced by the replacement process with Cd2+ cations. HTEM images exhibited aggregations in these ultrafine nanoparticles. The nanoparticles sizes Z ranged from 20 – to – 35 nm a little greater compared with crystallite sizes R.
Structural, magnetic and electrical properties of nano NiCrxFe2-xO4synthesized by flash auto combustion method
Authors: Henaish A M A , Hemeda O M , Salem B I , El-Sbakhy Fatma S , Khalass Talal 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe spinel Nano-ferrite system NiCrxFe2-xO4(where x=0.0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8 and 1.0) have been prepared using flash auto combustion method. The XRD pattern confirms the formation of spinel Ni-Cr ferrite for the as-prepared samples. Electrical properties of as- prepared samples such dielectric constant and AC resistivity were studied in the temperature range (288- 773 K). It was observed that the AC resistivity increases by increasing Cr content and decreases by increasing frequency. The DC electrical resistivity was found to increase by increasing Cr content from 25*106to 136*106Ω.cm, whereas it was found to decrease with increasing temperature. VSM was used to study the magnetic properties of Ni-Cr ferrite at room temperature. It was found that, with increasing Cr content the (Ms) saturation magnetization decreased from 28 to 3 emu/g whereas coercivity increased from 188 to 666 (G).The magnetic moment of the system and Curie temperature decreased by increasing Cr substitution.
Efficiency enhancement of photovoltaic performance of dye sensitized solar cell using conducting polymer electrolyte of different functional group
Authors: Adel R , Abdallah T , Talaat H 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) which have a polymer electrolyte added to with various function groups were studied to determine the effect of their composition on the efficiency of the solar cell. Four function group polymers got employed, those groups are polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), polyvinyl acetate (PVA), polyethylene oxide (PEO) and polyacrylonitrile (PAN). The iodine salt cation is caged by the function groups which cause a positive shift in the dye HOMO level and result in a deceleration in the recombination rate more than that of ordinary iodine electrolyte. The polymer electrolyte ionic conductivity improves the rate of the dye regeneration to make it faster than ordinary iodine as well. Adding pyridine to electrolyte solution makes the conduction band of the TiO2 more negative leading to an increase in the open circuit voltage (Voc). The photo generated current (Jsc) is increased by the employed configureuration, subsequently, the solar cell photovoltaic efficiency is enlarged. PVA is with highest efficiency at 8%, unlike the rest of the polymers which show lower efficiencies.
Effect of barium addition and plasma nitriding treatment on chemical and physical properties of Al, Pb borate glass system as a developed radiation shield
Authors: Saudi H. A. , El Kameesy S. U. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The effect of the BaO addition of to aluminum, lead borate in a series of (BaO)x (B2O3)60-x (Al2O3)10 (Li2O)10 (PbO)20 glasses where x = 0 to 50 weight% have been studied through their shielding, mechanical, thermal and chemical properties. The physical parameters such as molar volume (Vm), density (ρ), and oxygen packing density (OPD) were evaluated and discussed. Moreover, the thermal stability of the investigated system increases with BaO content. The present study proved that each of the plasma nitriding treatments of the samples and/or increasing Ba content greatly improved their ability to resist scratching and corrosion. Therefore, the obtained results are candidates for the present glass system to be effectively used as a protective shield against nuclear radiations in many advanced domains.
Comprehensive assessment of advanced solar facade: thermal, optical and economic assessment
Authors: Liang R , Sun Y , Wu Y , Wilson R 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
In order to improve the enegy saving in building, development of glazing system has been widely conducted. CdTe PV window system has the feature of energy generation and adjustment on thermal and visual comfort, in this paper, the thermal performance of a glazing system integrated with semi-transparent CdTe solar cells with different transparency (10% and 50%) under different temperature conditions were investigated by experimental measurement (undertaken in a large climate chamber). The U-value of each PV window has been calculated. Moreover, the spectral transmittance within visible has been measured by spectrometer. This study provided comprehensive fundamental information of different CdTe PV window system for their further investigation on energy and visual comfort.
LCOE analysis of tower CSP plants using different molten salts for TES in China
Authors: Zhuang X R , Xu X H , Liu W R , Liu T L , Xu W F 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
In recent years, Chinese government is vigorously developing concentrating solar power (CSP) technology. It is one of the most promising renewable-based electricity generation technologies to deal with the increasing demand of electricity consumption and environmental sustainability. For the commercialization of CSP technology, low cost is a precondition. However, studies of electricity generation cost analysis for CSP systems, particularly for the tower systems, in China are quite limited. This paper conducts an economic analysis by applying the levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) model for 100 MW tower CSP plants in various locations in China with four different molten salts for thermal energy storage (TES). The results show that it’s inappropriate to build a CSP plant nearby Shenzhen and Shanghai since their LCOEs are higher than 6 RMB kWh−1. There is an optimal capacity of TES resulting in the lowest LCOE for a certain tower CSP plant. And the solar salt has lower LCOE than the other three new molten salts. In order to calculate the time when the grid parity will be reached, four scenarios for CSP development roadmap proposed by International Energy Agency (IEA) are considered in this study. It can be found that the grid parity of tower CSP electricity would be reached in the years of 2038-2041 in the case of no future penalties for the CO2 emissions, and bring forward about 7-14 years when considering the penalties for the CO2 emissions. This research can provide support for government to formulate incentive policies for the CSP industry.
A study of overcast, partly cloudy and clear skies by global illuminance and its variation features
Authors: Lou Siwei , W Li Danny H , Chen Wenqiang 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The diffuse radiance and luminance distribution in the skydome can determine the solar energy on the building envelope in various orientations and under complex obstructions. The diffuse sky is anisotropic for clear and partly cloudy skies, while isotropic for overcast skies. Thus, identifying the sky conditions are essential to the sky radiance and luminance studies. Previously developed approaches using statistic data suffered from data shortage and inaccuracy. Sunlight under cloudy skies may frequently be blocked, causing the high-frequency illuminance fluctuations. The illuminance should variate smoothly under clear skies without clouds. In this work, we studied the horizontal irradiance time series, its variation frequency, and its relationship to the sky conditions determined by the luminance scan. The work contributes to identifying the sky conditions and skylight distributions using the horizontal global daylight illuminance that is measured by the fixed sensors.
Experimental study on thermal performance improvement of solar air heater using piezoelectric fan
Authors: Jiayu Hu , Chengjun Jin 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
This paper presents experiment research about piezoelectric fan array in solar air heater (SAH) at the frequencies 45-60Hz by using lamp array as solar radiation simulator. The effectively heat transfer coefficient (HTC) of the traditional method such as strip rib on the solar collector and enhancement by piezoelectric fan are compared in detail with different mass flow rate of the air. A prototype solar collector with dimension of 300(L)×150(W)mm is fixed in a wind tunnel in the experiment. Three configurations of piezoelectric fan array have been tested, the results show that the piezoelectric fan can increase the HTC effectively, the HTC is increased 3-3.5 times compared with smooth plate and the additional power consumption of the piezoelectric fan as low as 0.6W for 2×2 piezoelectric fan array, whereas for the pressure drop of the SAH increased no more than 5%. The resonance frequencies of the two types of piezoelectric fans in experiment are 55Hz and 53Hz respectively, the maximum amplitude and the HTC achieved at the resonance frequency. It’s an effective way for SAH application compares to other methods of heat transfer enhancement in SAH and rarely be reported in the area of SAH.
Thermo-economic analysis of integrated linear Fresnel reflector gas turbine trigeneration power plants
Authors: Dabwan Yousef N. , Gang Pei 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The present work provides an economic feasibility and annual performance of integrated linear Fresnel reflector gas turbine trigeneration power plant (LFR-GTPP) that is progressively being installed to produce electricity, steam and chilled water. In order to pinpoint the best integration mode, different sizes of gas turbine and solar collector’s area have been examined and presented. Thermoflow software was used for evaluating the performance of each integrated design under consideration. The optimal solar integration sizes have been determined. Moreover, reduction in CO2 emissions due to integrating the LFR system is estimated with respect to that of the conventional trigeneration plant. For the considered trigeneration plant (that is required to produce 120.5 MW of steam, and 2500kg/s of chilled water), the study revealed that LFR-GTPP with gas turbine sizes less than 190 MWe capacities have more economic feasibility and sufficient ability for utilizing solar energy. The levelized electricity cost (LEC) for the (LFR-GTPP) varied between 4.28 USȼ and 5.6 USȼ/kWh. Furthermore, the study revealed that integrating LFR system with a conventional gas turbine trigeneration power plant in Sun Belt regions leads to a considerable avoidance in CO2 emissions compared to the conventional trigeneration plant.
Design of a seasonal storage for a solar district heating in Florence
Authors: Salvestroni M , Pierucci G , Fagioli F , Pourreza A , Messeri M , Taddei F , Hosouli S , Rashidi H , Lucia M De 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The energy demand in residential sector constitutes an important fraction of the entire energy consumption (40% in EU). Solar district heating (SDH) is a key strategy to reduce use of fossil fuels in buildings. Inside the European project REPLICATE, financed by Horizon 2020 SCC1 Smart Cities and Communities, a SDH with a seasonal storage (STES) has been designed to be realized in the city of Florence. It is the first example of solar district heating with a STES in Italy. The design phase has aimed to size properly the extension of solar field and the volume of seasonal storage based on several parameters such as number of dwellings to feed, heat demand, solar resource, geology of the location and economic reasons. The paper deals with the model that has been realized through TRNSYS to describe the energy fluxes of heating plant andtheir optimization process. The computational model depicts the possible operating conditions and leads to define the control strategies of solar field and seasonal storage, integrated with commercial components that complete theplant such as gas boiler, heat pump and overall circuit. Hot water tank TES has been selected as the appropriate typology of storage for this application based on geological considerations. The thickness of insulation material and various layers have been determined. The numerical analysis fixes the volume of TES to be 3800 m3 and a solar field of about 1000 m2. The solar fraction expected by the district heating is 44%.
Research on Operation Strategy of Solar Assisted Air Source Heat Pump System
Authors: Yuhan Z , Jinshun W , Mu L , Xingxing Z , Lining Z , Weiya Z , Weijie Z , Jun W , Liang X , Weihong Z , Xinru W , Yixuan W 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Solar-assisted air source heat pump (SAASHP) has greatly improved the operating efficiency of the system. However, the operational performance of the key modules in the combined system is not clear. So a solar-assisted air source heat pump radiant heating system was established and a SAASHP was monitored. The key parameters of the solar collector outlet water inlet water temperature, and water tank temperature under different combined operation modes were calculated. The solar collector heat collection efficiency, system COP, and the energy consumption ratio under the corresponding mode were given. The solar collector heat collection efficiency, system COP, and the energy consumption ratio under the corresponding mode were given. Photo thermal conversion, evaporative heat transfer, and energy conversion between the condensers. By comparing the operating characteristics of each combination mode, the characteristics of SAASHP combined operation are finally obtained.
Experimental Study on Heat Storage and Release Processes of Composite Phase Change Wall under Short Intermittent Heating Conditions
Authors: Li Yanru , Li Jin , Xu Luting , Ming Yang , Long Enshen 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
During intermittent heating, the short intermittent conditions are common in meeting rooms of office buildings and school classrooms. The thermal process of building envelope has coupling effects on the indoor thermal environment in the frequent start-stop of heating equipment. This paper integrated phase change materials (PCMs) with building envelope to improve its thermal performance. Measurements were carried out to study the dynamic thermal process of composite phase change wall (composite-PCW) in case 1 (heating 1h + suspension 1h) and case 2 (hating 2h + suspension 2h). Results showed that: 1) the indoor air temperature fluctuations were around 14°C and 18°C respectively for case 1 and case 2 when the indoor thermal processes reached relatively stable. 2) The heat storage of composite-PCW could maintain the inner surface temperature relatively constant, so that the inner surface temperature fluctuations were only 5°C and 6°C respectively for case 1 and case 2. 3) The heat storage utilization rates of the last cycles were 5.08% and 14.86% for case 1 and case 2. Thus, the heat transferred into the wall during the heating period was stored inside the wall to improve the indoor thermal environment by rational use to maintain the inner surface temperature during the cooling-down period.
Photocatalytic activity enhanced by photo-thermal conversion with recyclable hollow Fe3O4@TiO2 nanoparticles
Authors: Shi Lei , He Yurong 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Photocatalytic nanoparticles have been applied in the utilisation of solar energy because of their excellent harvesting of solar energy for wastewater treatment and chemical synthesis. In particular, TiO2 nanoparticles exhibit unique photo-catalytic performance due to their high specific surface areas and distinctive optical properties. However, the presence of nanoparticles in solar energy systems can cause secondary pollution and severely limit large-scale application of the nanoparticles in solar technology. In the present work, recoverable hollow Fe3O4@TiO2 nanoparticles were synthesized via a modified hydrothermal method. The prepared nanoparticles exhibit superior photocatalytic activity for degrading organic pollutants (Rhodamine B), which is 33.1% higher than that of P25, and the effect of photo-thermal conversion in enhancing the photo-catalytic activity of this nanoparticles was studied, which has not been investigated in most of previous reports. This study not only reveals that photo-thermal conversion plays an important role in enhancing photocatalytic activity, but also provides an approach to significantly reduce material consumption in the design of solar devices and facilitate the efficient utilization of solar energy applications.