bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Methylene blue regulates inflammatory response in osteoarthritis by noncoding long chain RNA CILinc02
Authors: Zheng Jiapeng , Li Qiang 
Published: December 2018

AbstractLong noncoding RNAs serve as novel regulatory molecules involved in various biological processes, but their role in osteoarthritis (OA) remains unknown. Therefore, we aimed to reveal the inflammatory mechanisms regulated by CILinc02 and methylene blue in human osteoarthritic cartilage and to explore the potential functions of CILinc02 and methylene blue in OA. The expression level of CILinc02 in OA cartilage tissues and primary cells was obtained using quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR). The cytokines, such as interleukin 1 (IL‐1), IL‐6, IL‐17, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase‐1 (TIMP‐1) and matrix metalloproteinase (MMPs), involved in the degradation of chondrocyte in CILinc02 knockdown OA primary cells, which were treated with methylene blue that were determined by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay, qRT‐PCR and Western blot analysis. The results showed that CILinc02 was overexpressed in osteoarthritic cartilage tissues and in OA primary cells, but methylene blue can inhibit the expression of CILinc02. In addition, overexpression of CILinc02 induced the inflammation and apoptosis in primary OA cells, however, the effect of methylene blue was reversed compared to CILinc02. Meanwhile, methylene blue can regulate the expression of TIMP‐1, MMP‐1, and MMP‐13 proteins, thereby suppressing the degradation of chondrocyte in OA. This evidence indicates that methylene blue can act as an inflammatory inhibitor by targeting CILinc02 to regulate the inflammatory response.
The role of Bag2 in neurotoxicity induced by the anesthetic sevoflurane
Authors: Qi Jinlian , Jia Yingping , Wang Wenhua , Lu Haibing , Wang Yuan , Li Zhengchen 
Published: December 2018

AbstractSevoflurane is the most commonly used general anesthetic in pediatric patients. But preclinical studies indicate that sevoflurane could have neurotoxicity in newborn and old animals, and this raises concern regarding its safety. In this study, we explored the potential mechanisms of sevoflurane‐induced neurotoxicity in human SH‐SY5Y neuronal cells. We showed that prolonged exposure to 2% sevoflurane caused a significant increase in the Bag family protein Bag2 in a time‐ and dose‐dependent manner. We investigated the possible role of Bag2 upon exposure to sevoflurane by silencing Bag2 in neuronal cells. Knockdown of Bag2 caused increased overall reactive oxygen species (ROS) and generation of lipid peroxidation products 4‐hydroxynonenal (4‐HNE). Upon sevoflurane exposure, Bag2‐silent cells have reduced glutathione (GSH) and glutathione peroxidase activity. Under the sevoflurane treatment, Bag2‐deficient cells have reduced mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production, while knockdown cells have less viability and higher lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) release as well as a higher percentage of apoptotic cells. The knockdown cells also had higher levels of mitochondrial cytochrome C release, a higher ratio of Bax/Bcl‐2 and increased caspase cleavage by sevoflurane. Overall, our data support an important role of Bag2 in sevoflurane‐induced neurotoxicity.
Asperyellone prevents HDF cells from UVB irradiation damages: An elaborated study
Authors: Santhakumaran Iswarya , Shanuja Sailaja Kesavan , Narayanaswamy Radhakrishnan , Gnanamani Arumugam 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe current study explores the photo‐protective effect of asperyellone (AY) (a fungal secondary metabolite), assessed under in vitro condition using human dermal fibroblast cell line. AY was isolated from Aspergillus sp. during the resting phase and purified. The initial cytocompatibility assessment on concentrations of AY and the duration of exposure of UVB irradiations were studied respectively. N‐acetyl‐L‐cysteine (NAC) was used as positive control. Cells were then pretreated with optimized concentration of AY (2.0 μM) and NAC (1 mM) for 1 hour and then UVB irradiated (30 mJ/cm
2) for the period of 10 minutes. Results revealed that reactive oxygen species generated upon UVB irradiation found scavenged by the AY pretreatment at a significant level. Furthermore, an appreciable reduction in apoptotic cell count and DNA damages support the scavenging effect of AY. Assessments on the expression of enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidants evidently prove the protective role of AY. The reduced expression levels of inflammatory markers (TNF‐α and COX‐2), collagen degraders (MMP 2 and MMP 9), apoptotic protein expressions (Bax and Bcl‐2), and cell‐cycle arrest analyses substantiate the photo‐protective effect of AY similar to NAC (positive control). Thus, the observations made in the current study indicate the possible role of AY as a photo‐protective agent.
SIRT3 inhibited the formation of calcium oxalate‐induced kidney stones through regulating NRF2/HO‐1 signaling pathway
Authors: Xi Junhua , Jing Junfeng , Zhang Yanbin , Liang Chaozhao , Hao Zongyao , Zhang Li , Chen Yang 
Published: December 2018

AbstractOxidative stress is important for the calcium oxalate (CaOx)‐induced kidney stone formation. Sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) plays an essential role in the amelioration of oxidative damages. This study aims to explore the effect of SIRT3 on the formation of CaOx‐induced kidney stones and the underlying mechanism. SIRT3 expression in renal tissues was detected by immunohistochemistry. Apoptosis in renal tissues was examined by TUNEL staining. Crystal‐cell adherence and cell apoptosis in HK‐2 cells were assessed by analyzing Ca2+ concentration and by the flow cytometry analysis, respectively. Protein expression of SIRT3, nuclear factor erythroid 2‐related factor (NRF2), heme oxygenase‐1 (HO‐1), and Bax in renal tissues or HK‐2 cells was examined by Western blot analysis. Renal pathological changes and the adhesion of CaOx crystals in the kidneys were examined by hematoxylin‐eosin and von Kossa staining, respectively. Human kidneys with stones showed enhanced renal apoptosis, downregulated SIRT3 expression, and upregulated NRF2/HO‐1 expression, compared with the controls. Furthermore, SIRT3 overexpression inhibited the CaOx‐induced promotion of crystal‐cell adherence and cell apoptosis in human proximal tubular cell line HK‐2 cells, which was reversed by the NRF2 knockdown. Moreover, our in vivo assay further confirmed that SIRT3 overexpression alleviated the glyoxylate administration‐induced renal damage, renal apoptosis, and crystals deposition in the kidneys from the stone model mice, which was also associated with its activation of the NRF2/HO‐1 pathway. Our findings support the notion that overexpression of SIRT3 may inhibit the formation of CaOx‐induced kidney stones, at least in part, through regulating the NRF2/HO‐1 signaling pathway.
Knockdown of FOXO6 inhibits high glucose–induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in retinal pigment epithelial cells
Authors: Zhou Zhuolin , Liu Jing , Bi Chunchao , Chen Li , Jiao Yang , Cui Lijun 
Published: December 2018

AbstractOxidative stress and apoptosis in retinal pigment epithelium cells are involved in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy (DR). Forkhead box class O 6 (FOXO6) is a member of the FOXO family that can regulate diabetes‐induced oxidative stress. However, the role of FOXO6 in DR has not been clarified. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of FOXO6 on high glucose (HG)‐induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in ARPE‐19 cells. The results showed that FOXO6 was overexpressed in clinical vitreous samples from DR patients and in HG‐induced ARPE‐19 cells. Knockdown of FOXO6 by small interfeing RNA targeting FOXO6 (si‐FOXO6) mitigated the HG‐induced the production of reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde, as well as the inhibition of superoxide dismutase activity. Knockdown of FOXO6 reduced the rate of cell apoptosis in HG‐induced ARPE‐19 cells. The increase in bax expression and decrease in bcl‐2 expression caused by HG stimulation were reversed by si‐FOXO6 transfection. Furthermore, knockdown of FOXO6 enhanced the activation of Akt/Nrf2 pathway in HG‐stimulated ARPE‐19 cells. Taken together, suppression of FOXO6 protects ARPE‐19 cells from HG‐induced oxidative stress and apoptosis, which is in part mediated by the activation of Akt/Nrf2 pathway.
microRNA‐183 improve myocardial damager via NF‐kb pathway: In vitro and in vivo study
Authors: Xing Jie , Xie Ting , Tan Wei , Li Ruzheng , Yu Cheng , Han Xiaohu 
Published: December 2018

AbstractAimThe aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of microRNA‐183 (miRNA‐183) in myocardial damager.MethodsIn the cell experiment, the H9C2 cell was divided into three groups: NC group, Model group, and miRNA group. The cell apoptosis and relative proteins’ expressions were measured by flow cytometry and Western blot assay. The in vivo study of the rats was divided into three groups: Sham group, Model group, and miRNA group. The pathology, Infarct size, cell apoptosis, and relative protein expressions were evaluated by hematoxylin and eosin staining, nitro blue tetrazolium staining, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick‐end labeling assay, and immunohistochemistry.ResultsCompared with NC groups, the in vitro and in vivo study showed that cell apoptosis rate of miRNA groups was significantly suppressed (P < 0.05). The pathology and infarct size of miRNA group were significantly improved compared with the NC group. Meanwhile, the relative proteins expression (nuclear factor‐κB [NF‐kb], caspase‐3, Bax, and Bcl‐2) of miRNA groups were significantly different compared with those of NC groups (
P < 0.05).ConclusionIn vitro and in vivo study revealed that miRNA‐183 improves myocardial damager through the NF‐κb pathway.
Supporting positive parenting practices within a community‐based music therapy group program: Pilot study findings
Authors: Teggelove Kate , Thompson Grace , Tamplin Jeanette 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe aim of this study was to evaluate the benefits of a short‐term, community‐based music therapy group program on positive parenting practices. Parent–child dyads receiving early intervention family services (N = 199) participated in 8 weekly, 45–60 minute, music‐based group play sessions. We analyzed pre–post parent self‐reports that measured parenting competency and clinician‐observed ratings of parental responsiveness that evaluated behavioral domains of play, praise, and consistency. Significant results were found for parent‐reported efficacy (p = 0.008, d = 0.21) and satisfaction (p = 0.004, d = 0.19) but not for interest (p = 0.149, d = 0.12). Significant results were found for clinician‐rated observations of parental responsiveness, including play (p < 0.001), praise (p < 0.001), and consistency (p < 0.001). Short‐term, music‐based parenting programs may be an effective way to improve parents’ sense of competency and foster greater parental responsiveness for those receiving family services.
Frontline Science: Staphylococcus aureus promotes receptor-interacting protein kinase 3- and protease-dependent production of IL-1β in human neutrophils
Authors: Kremserova Silvie , Nauseef William M 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Microbial infection elicits robust immune responses that initially depend on polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN), which ingest and kill invading bacteria. However, community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) remain viable within PMN and prompt their lysis with concomitant release of damage-associated molecular patterns and proinflammatory cytokines that promote additional inflammation. Here, we show that ultrapure human PMN (&gt;99.8% pure) that have ingested CA-MRSA released interleukin (IL)-1β but not IL-18. The ingested CA-MRSA needed to be viable, and phagocytosis alone was insufficient to stimulate IL-1β secretion from PMN fed CA-MRSA. In contrast to PMN response to the canonical NLRP3 inflammasome agonist nigericin, IL-1β secretion by PMN fed CA-MRSA occurred independently of NLRP3 inflammasome or caspase-1 activation and required instead active receptor-interacting protein kinase 3 (RIPK3) but not RIPK1. Furthermore, inhibition of neutrophil serine proteases blocked pro-IL-1β cleavage in PMN fed CA-MRSA. Taken together, our data suggest that with respect to secretion of IL-1β and IL-18, PMN differ from human macrophages and exhibit agonist-specific responses. After phagocytosis of CA-MRSA, human PMN secreted IL-1β through a previously unrecognized mechanism dependent on RIPK3 and serine proteases but independent of canonical NLRP3 inflammasome and caspase-1 activation.
Effects of extrusion conditions on chemical properties of extruded white ginseng root hair
Authors: Ma Xuelian , Jin Zhezhi , Jin Tie 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDThis study was to investigate the significant effects of extrusion process variables on chemical properties of extruded white ginseng root hair. The extrusion conditions were set as follows: barrel temperature (110 and 140 °C), moisture content (20 and 30%) and screw speed (200 and 300 rpm). The powder of white ginseng root hair was extruded as L8 (27) orthogonal experimental design.RESULTSThe crude saponin and acidic polysaccharide contents of extrudate were significantly higher than those of raw material after extrusion. In addition, antioxidant properties were also increased, while reducing sugar content was markedly lower than that of raw material. Moisture content was the most significant factor affecting the reducing sugar, acidic polysaccharide and total phenolic contents, and 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl scavenging activity. Barrel temperature significantly affected reducing power, and screw speed significantly influenced crude saponin content.CONCLUSIONSThe extrusion process aided in improving the amount of beneficial compounds from white ginseng root hair. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Motor endplate‐expressing cartilage‐muscle implants for reconstruction of a denervated hemilarynx
Authors: Brookes Sarah , Voytik‐Harbin Sherry , Zhang Hongji , Zhang Lujuan , Halum Stacey 
Published: December 2018

ObjectiveTissue engineering of the larynx requires a complex, multiple tissue layer design. Additionally, spontaneous reinnervation of the larynx after recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) injury is often disorganized, resulting in subpar function. This study investigates use of tissue‐engineered cartilage and motor endplate‐expressing (MEE) tissue‐engineered skeletal muscle implants for laryngeal reconstruction and the promotion of organized reinnervation after RLN injury.MethodsF344 rat primary muscle progenitor cells (MPCs) were isolated. Three‐dimensional muscle constructs were created by encapsulating MPCs in type I oligomeric collagen under passive tension. Constructs were then cultured in differentiation medium (MPC control constructs) or induced to form motor endplates (MEE constructs) with neurotrophic agents. Three‐dimensional cartilage constructs were created with adipose stem cells differentiated in chondrocyte medium. The muscle and cartilage constructs were implanted into surgically created myochondral defects in the F344 rat larynx with injured or intact (control) RLN. At 1‐, 3‐, and 6‐month timepoints, videolaryngoscopy, electromyography (EMG), histology, and immunohistochemistry were used to assess outcomes.ResultsAt all timepoints, cartilage‐muscle implants were well integrated into host tissue. Functionally, there was increased vocal fold adduction and EMG activity in nerve‐injured rats treated with the MEE constructs when compared to those treated with the MPC control constructs. Motor endplate‐expressing constructs had increased myofiber cross‐sectional area compared to MPC control constructs.ConclusionAlthough our laboratory previously demonstrated that muscle and cartilage constructs could be used separately for hemilaryngeal reconstruction, this study suggests combining them with the modification of MEEs rather than MPCs, resulting in improved muscle recovery after recurrent laryngeal nerve injury.Level of EvidenceNALaryngoscope, 129:1293–1300, 2019
Isolated Recovery of Adductor Muscle Function Following Bilateral Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Injuries
Authors: Bach Ádám , Sztanó Balázs , Matievics Vera , Bere Zsófia , Volk Fabian , Müller Andreas , Förster Gerhard , Castellanos Paul F. , Rovó László 
Published: December 2018

Objectives/HypothesisThe aim of this study was to analyze the phoniatric and respiratory outcomes of a subset of bilateral vocal cord paralysis (BVCP) patients who were all treated with unilateral endoscopic arytenoid abduction lateropexy (EAAL). EAAL is a nondestructive, minimally invasive glottis widening operation, which does not damage either the surgically treated or the contralateral vocal cord. Therefore, it does not impair the regeneration potential of the recurrent laryngeal nerve.Study DesignCase series.MethodsTen out of 21 BVCP patients who were treated with EAAL showed signs of isolated adduction recovery at 1 year and were chosen for this study. Functional results (objective and subjective voice analysis, spirometric measurement) and vocal cord movements were assessed preoperatively, 1 week and 1 year after EAAL. Laryngeal electromyography was performed on the 12th postoperative month.ResultsThe volitional adductor movement seen on laryngoscopy was corroborated by laryngeal electromyography evaluation. Peak inspiratory flow increased significantly after EAAL. Quality‐of‐life scores also showed high patient satisfaction. Shimmer showed consistent improvement along with harmonic‐to‐noise ratio and average maximal phonation time in parallel with the improving vocal cord movement. Complex voice analysis and subjective self‐evaluation tests also demonstrated significant improvement.ConclusionsEAAL, as a minimally invasive, nondestructive airway widening technique, does not interfere with the potential regeneration process that can still occur after BVCP, allowing for laryngeal functional recovery. It is a safe and effective treatment for BVCP that allows a simple solution with good phonatory, swallowing, and respiratory benefits by unilateral passive and reversible vocal cord lateralization.Level of Evidence4Laryngoscope, 129:2334–2340, 2019
Impact of the Bakken/Three Forks unconventional oil and gas development on natural habitats in North Dakota
Authors: Howden Carlin M. , Stone E. Taylor , Nallur Varenya , McClung Maureen R. , Moran Matthew D. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractUnconventional oil and gas production (i.e., horizontal drilling and hydrofracturing) has expanded rapidly in the US. One important region where this expansion has occurred is the Bakken/Three Forks Formation, a tight oil play that has made North Dakota a major U.S. oil producer. Using a spatial well database and satellite imagery, we directly measured land‐use changes caused by recent oil and gas activities in two important natural habitats in North Dakota. These two habitats were prairie potholes and public lands that include conservation of wildlife as part of their publicly stated mission. For public lands, we found that about 2,600 ha have been developed, edge habitat increased by almost 30 km (3.65% increase), and average fragment size decreased by 0.70%. Few prairie potholes were directly impacted by this activity, but distance to development decreased for almost one third (434/1,300) by an average of about 400 m. Although land cover changes have been measured in this region in previous publications, our results showing changes in fragmentation, edge habitat, and distance to development provide new metrics for how these habitats in North Dakota are being affected by fossil fuel activity. Observed land‐use changes, while modest, likely have negative impacts on wildlife, including increased mortality or habitat avoidance. Given the potential spread of unconventional oil and gas across the globe, understanding these patterns should help inform land and wildlife managers, as well as the oil and gas industry, about strategies to limit impacts of well and infrastructure placement on valuable wildlife habitats.
Extracellular Surface Potential Mapping by Scanning Ion Conductance Microscopy Revealed Transient Transmembrane Pore Formation Induced by Conjugated Polymer Nanoparticles
Authors: Chen Feng , Manandhar Prakash , Ahmed Md Salauddin , Chang Shuai , Panday Namuna , Zhang Haiqian , Moon Joong Ho , He Jin 
Published: December 2018

AbstractIn‐depth understanding of the biophysicochemical interactions at the nano–bio interface is important for basic cell biology and applications in nanomedicine and nanobiosensors. Here, the extracellular surface potential and topography changes of live cell membranes interacting with polymeric nanomaterials using a scanning ion conductance microscopy‐based potential imaging technique are investigated. Two structurally similar amphiphilic conjugated polymer nanoparticles (CPNs) containing different functional groups (i.e., primary amine versus guanidine) are used to study incubation time and functional group‐dependent extracellular surface potential and topographic changes. Transmembrane pores, which induce significant changes in potential, only appear transiently in the live cell membranes during the initial interactions. The cells are able to self‐repair the damaged membrane and become resilient to prolonged CPN exposure. This study provides an important observation on how the cells interact with and respond to extracellular polymeric nanomaterials at the early stage. This study also demonstrates that extracellular surface potential imaging can provide a new insight to help understand the complicated interactions at the nano–bio interface and the following cellular responses.
Harnessing the untapped potential of nucleotide‐binding oligomerization domain ligands for cancer immunotherapy
Authors: Nabergoj Sanja , Mlinarič‐Raščan Irena , Jakopin Žiga 
Published: December 2018

AbstractIn the last decade, cancer immunotherapy has emerged as an effective alternative to traditional therapies such as chemotherapy and radiation. In contrast to the latter, cancer immunotherapy has the potential to distinguish between cancer and healthy cells, and thus to avoid severe and intolerable side‐effects, since the cancer cells are effectively eliminated by stimulated immune cells. The cytosolic nucleotide‐binding oligomerization domains 1 and 2 receptors (NOD1 and NOD2) are important components of the innate immune system and constitute interesting targets in terms of strengthening the immune response against cancer cells. Many NOD ligands have been synthesized, in particular NOD2 agonists that exhibit favorable immunostimulatory and anticancer activity. Among them, mifamurtide has already been approved in Europe by the European Medicine Agency for treating patients with osteosarcoma in combination with chemotherapy after complete surgical removal of the primary tumor. This review is focused on NOD receptors as promising targets in cancer immunotherapy as well as summarizing current knowledge of the various NOD ligands exhibiting antitumor and even antimetastatic activity in vitro and in vivo.