bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Visible‐Light‐Promoted Oxidative Alkylarylation of N‐Aryl/Benzoyl Acrylamides Through Direct C−H Bond Functionalization
Authors: Lu Maojian , Zhang Tao , Tan Dabao , Chen Chengzhu , Zhang Ying , Huang Mingqiang , Cai Shunyou 
Published: July 2019

AbstractRadical cascade oxidative alkylarylations of N‐aryl/benzoyl acrylamides have been established through visible‐light‐enabled photocatalysis, furnishing a wide variety of functionalized oxindoles and isoquinolinediones in good‐to‐excellent yields under the synergistic interactions of an organic fluorophores‐type photocatalyst 4CzIPN, trifluoroacetoxyiodobenzene (PIFA), and 1,3,5‐trimethoxybenzene with visible light irradiation. The prominent features of this method are the broad substrate scope, excellent functional group tolerance, and mild reaction conditions.magnified image
Sliding Interconnection for Flexible Electronics with a Solution‐Processed Diffusion Barrier against a Corrosive Liquid Metal
Authors: Shin Dong‐Youn , Baek Sang‐Yup , Song Hyung‐Jun , Lee Jeong In , Kang Gi‐Hwan 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe epoch of flexible electronics demands new measures to interconnect electronic components and circuits under mechanical deformations such as bending, rolling, folding, and even stretching. Although liquid metal has been proposed as an alternative to solid‐state solder alloys and conductive adhesives, its corrosive nature rapidly deteriorates the electrical and structural integrity of metallic interconnects and has remained an arduous challenge. A facile solution‐processable method to construct a flexible and electrically conductive diffusion barrier on aluminum electrodes, which are vulnerable to liquid metal, is presented. The stacked layers of graphene oxide (GO) in conjunction with poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) effectively block the diffusion of liquid metal, where PEDOT:PSS serves as an electrically conducting medium to complement the non‐conductive trait of GO, and as an impeding factor together with GO against the diffusion of liquid metal. A fluidic interconnect using liquid metal and aluminum electrodes with the solution‐processed diffusion barrier of the PEDOT:PSS/GO composite exhibits a better electrical contact property than a conventional interconnect. Finally, a novel proof of concept of sliding interconnection is demonstrated by rolling a carbon nanofiber‐coated liquid metal ball on aluminum electrodes coated with the PEDOT:PSS/GO composite, offering a new opportunity beyond flexibility and stretchability.
Programmable Multilevel Memtransistors Based on van der Waals Heterostructures
Authors: Park Hyunik , Mastro Michael A. , Tadjer Marko J. , Kim Jihyun 
Published: July 2019

AbstractNeuromorphic computing that mimics the energy‐efficient cortical neural network in the human brain is attractive because of its possibility to process complex and massive data sets and achieve fast computing capability. Herein, a heterosynaptic and programmable memtransistor architecture with high computing functionality is reported by monolithically integrating a hexagonal boron nitride (h‐BN) memristor with a molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) transistor. Memristors consisting of a vertically stacked van der Waals materials (multilayer graphene (MLG) and h‐BN) exhibit a stable bipolar resistive switching behavior with a memory window more than three orders of magnitude due to the formation and rupture of the metallic filament within the h‐BN layer. By controlling the resistance state of the h‐BN memristor, the behaviors of the memtransistor can be programmed with a high switching ratio of ≈104, showing ≈16 pW standby power consumption. A multistate computing window and tunable current on/off ratio can be achieved by controlling the synaptic weight of the memristor, demonstrating that the presented 2D architecture can be exploited as a logic inverter device. The results pave the way toward the development of highly functional neuromorphic systems for the next‐generation in‐memory computing.
Enhanced Ferroelectric Functionality in Flexible Lead Zirconate Titanate Films with In Situ Substrate‐Clamping Compensation
Authors: Onn Winestook Rachel , Saguy Cecile , Ma Chun‐Hao , Chu Ying‐Hao , Ivry Yachin 
Published: July 2019

AbstractMuch attention has recently been given to flexible and wearable integrated electronic devices, with a strong emphasis on real‐time sensing, computing, and communication technologies. Thin ferroelectric films exhibit switchable polarization and strong electromechanical coupling, and hence are in widespread use in such technologies, albeit not when flexed. Effects of extrinsic strain on thin ferroelectric films are still unclear, mainly due to the lack of suitable experimental systems that allow cross structural–functional characterization with in situ straining. Moreover, although the effects of intrinsic strain on ferroelectric films, e.g., due to film–substrate lattice mismatch, have been extensively investigated, it is unclear how these effects are influenced by external strain. A method to strain thin films homogenously in situ is developed, allowing structural characterization as well as functional switching and piezorsponse measurements at the nanoscale, while retaining the sample under constant straining conditions. Using this method, thin films of PbZr0.2Ti0.8O3, which were grown on a flexible mica substrate, are strained to reduce substrate clamping effects and increase the tetragonality. Consequently, the domain stability is increased, the coercive field value is decreased, and imprint effects are reduced. This method also allows direct characterization of the relationship between the lattice parameters and nanoscale properties of other flexible materials.
Green‐Sensitive Phototransistor Based on Solution‐Processed 2D n‐Type Organic Single Crystal
Authors: Kim Jin Hong , Oh Sangyoon , Park Sang Kyu , Park Soo Young 
Published: July 2019

Abstract2D single crystals of down to two‐monolayer thickness are fabricated from a push–pull structure‐based green light absorbing organic n‐type semiconductor, (2E,2′E)‐3,3′‐(2,5‐difluoro‐1,4‐phenylene)bis(2‐(5‐(4‐(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)thiophen‐2‐yl)acrylonitrile) (2F‐4‐TFPTA). The 2F‐4‐TFPTA 2D single crystal exhibits field‐effect electron mobility of 0.9 cm2 V−1 s−1 in the dark and also decent photoresponsivity of 3.6 × 103 A W−1 under green light‐emitting diode irradiation, which is noted as the first demonstration of green‐sensitive 2D organic phototransistors. Photoresponse time of this 2F‐4‐TFPTA 2D single‐crystal device is as fast as 43 ms for the rise and 85 ms for the decay.
Phase Transition Engineering of Cu2S to Widen the Temperature Window of Improved Thermoelectric Performance
Authors: Liang Xin , Jin Dou , Dai Feihu 
Published: July 2019

AbstractCu2S compounds are promising thermoelectric (TE) candidate materials with environmentally friendly and earth abundant chemical constituents. A series of phase transitions occur with temperature whereas only the high temperature stabilized cubic structure (α‐Cu2S) exhibits desirable TE properties. In this work, by alloying Cu sites with Mn, Zn, Ga, and Ge, profound influence on β‐ to α‐Cu2S phase transition and thermoelectric transport properties is observed. Both phase transition temperature (Tc) and the enthalpy of phase change (ΔH) decreases with doping; remarkably, for Cu1.95Mn0.03S, Tc reduces by ≈156 K. The Seebeck anomaly near the critical point of phase transition also vanishes. The electrical conductivity is remarkably improved for doped samples due to the largely elevated hole concentration. In comparison with pristine Cu2S, not only is the peak TE power factor substantially enhanced (by ≈272%), but also the average ZT for 500–823 K is highly improved (by ≈145%) due to the successful stabilization of α‐Cu2S at lower temperatures. The present work offers a clue to enlarge the temperature regime of high TE properties, which is practically useful for a variety of polymorphous thermoelectric compounds.
Suppressing X‐Migrations and Enhancing the Phase Stability of Cubic FAPbX3 (X = Br, I)
Authors: Oranskaia Aleksandra , Schwingenschlögl Udo 
Published: July 2019

AbstractChemical bonding of formamidinium (FA) with the inorganic perovskite skeleton of FAPbX3 (X = Br, I) is studied with emphasis on the differences to methylammonium: stronger hydrogen bonding, the presence of π‐anion bonding, and more sterically hindered motion inside the perovskite inorganic cage. Organic cation dopants fitting in the perovskite cubic cell and being capable of hydrogen and halogen bonding with overall doubled bonding strength as compared to FA are proposed. They are shown to suppress not only X‐migrations but also the undesirable α–δ phase transition of FAPbI3. In addition, a possible atomistic explanation of the champion solar cell efficiency achieved experimentally is developed.
Rapid Identification of Halogen Bonds in Co‐Crystalline Powders via 127I Nuclear Quadrupole Resonance Spectroscopy
Authors: Szell Patrick M. J. , Grébert Lorraine , Bryce David L. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract127I nuclear quadrupole resonance (NQR) spectroscopy is established as a rapid and robust method to indicate the formation of iodine–nitrogen halogen bonds in co‐crystalline powders. Once the relevant spectral frequency range has been established, diagnostic 127I NQR spectra can be acquired in seconds. The method is demonstrated for a series of co‐crystals of 1,4‐diiodobenzene. Changes in the 127I quadrupolar coupling constant (CQ) by up to 74.4 MHz correlate with the length of the C−I donor covalent bond and inversely with the I⋅⋅⋅N halogen‐bond length. The predictive power of this technique is validated on two previously unknown co‐crystalline powders prepared mechanochemically. Single‐crystal growth via co‐sublimation and structure determination by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction cross‐validates the findings. Natural localized molecular‐orbital analyses provide insight into the origins of the quadrupolar coupling constants.
Effect of reactive diluent on gas separation behavior of photocurable acrylated polyurethane composite membranes
Authors: Molavi Hossein , Shojaei Akbar , Mousavi Seyyed Abbas , Ahmadi Seyyed Ahmad 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTIn this study, the effects of the type and content of reactive diluents on the permeation/separation of carbon dioxide/nitrogen (CO2/N2) through acrylate‐terminated polyurethane (APU)‐acrylate/acrylic diluent (APUA) composite membranes was investigated. A series of APUs based on poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)‐1000 g mol−1, toluene diisocyanate, and 2‐hydroxyethyl methacrylate was synthesized and then diluted with several reactive diluents. The results obtained from differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Fourier transform infrared analyses showed that the microphase interference of hard and soft segments increased with increasing reactive diluent content. Furthermore, with increasing alkene double bond of reactive diluents, the degree of phase separation increased, which might be due to the higher gel content of APUAs. APUAs were used as top selective layer on PS/PSF as the support layer to obtain composite membrane. Field emission scanning electron microscopy micrographs revealed that APUAs penetrated into the support layer, leading to strong interfacial adhesion between APUA and support layers. The gas permeation experiments indicated that the gas permeability decreased, while the CO2/N2 selectivity increased with increasing reactive diluent content due to the enhancement of crosslinking density of APUAs. Moreover, the reactive diluent with high polarity, for example, acrylonitrile monomer, exhibited higher CO2/N2 selectivity due to the improvement in solubility of CO2 in APUA, while the permeability was retained compared with other reactive diluents. The thickness of APUA selective layer exhibited expectedly opposite effect on permeability and selectivity; however, the increment in selectivity is higher than the reduction in permeability when the thickness decreased from 50 to 10 μm. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020, 137, 48293.
PGE2 mediates cytoskeletal rearrangement of hemocytes via Cdc42, a small G protein, to activate actin‐remodeling factors in Spodoptera exigua (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
Authors: Ahmed Shabbir , Kim Yonggyun 
Published: July 2019

AbstractProstaglandin E2 (PGE2) mediates cellular immune responses in insects by stimulating hemocyte‐spreading behavior that is driven by actin remodeling to form filopodial or lamellipodial cytoplasmic extensions. In Spodoptera exigua (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), Cdc42, a small G protein, played a crucial role in mediating PGE2 signal on hemocyte‐spreading behavior. Hemocyte‐spreading behavior requires actin cytoskeletal rearrangement. A plethora of actin‐related proteins have been predicted to have functional links with Cdc42. Here, we selected four actin‐associated genes (Actin‐related protein 2 [Arp2], Profilin, Cofilin, and Fascin) and evaluated their influences on cytoskeletal rearrangement in S. exigua. Bioinformatic analysis confirmed their gene identities. Transcript analysis using reverse‐transcription polymerase chain reaction indicated that all four actin‐associated genes were expressed in most developmental stages, showing high expression levels in larval hemocytes. RNA interference (RNAi) against these genes was performed by injecting double‐stranded RNA (dsRNA) to hemocoel. Under RNAi condition, the hemocyte‐spreading behavior was significantly impaired except for dsRNA treatment against Cofilin, an actin‐depolymerizing factor. Alteration of cytoskeletal rearrangement appeared to vary after different RNAi treatments. RNAi against Arp2 markedly suppressed lamellipodial extension while RNAi against Profilin or Fascin adversely influenced filopodial extension. RNAi of these actin‐associated factors prevented cellular immune responses measured by nodule formation against bacterial challenge. Under RNAi conditions, addition of PGE2 did not well induce hemocyte‐spreading behavior, suggesting that these actin‐associated factors might act downstream of the hormone signaling pathway. These results suggest that PGE2 can mediate hemocyte‐spreading behavior via Cdc42 to activate downstream actin polymerization/branching/bundling factors, thus inducing actin cytoskeletal rearrangement.
Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of novel 3‐(thiophen‐2‐ylthio)pyridine derivatives as potential multitarget anticancer agents
Authors: Xi Jian‐Jun , He Ruo‐Yu , Zhang Jian‐Kang , Cai Zhao‐Bin , Zhuang Rang‐Xiao , Zhao Yan‐Mei , Shao Yi‐Dan , Pan Xu‐Wang , Shi Ting‐Ting , Dong Zuo‐Jun , Liu Shou‐Rong , Kong Li‐Min 
Published: July 2019

AbstractA series of novel 3‐(thiophen‐2‐ylthio)pyridine derivatives as insulin‐like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF‐1R) inhibitors was designed and synthesized. IGF‐1R kinase inhibitory activities and cytotoxicities against HepG2 and WSU‐DLCL2 cell lines were tested. For all of these compounds, potent cancer cell proliferation inhibitory activities were observed, but not through the inhibition of IGR‐1R. Selected compounds were further screened against various kinases. Typical compound 22 (50% inhibitory concentration [IC50] values, HepG2: 2.98 ± 1.11 μM and WSU‐DLCL2: 4.34 ± 0.84 μM) exhibited good inhibitory activities against fibroblast growth factor receptor‐2 (FGFR2), FGFR3, epidermal growth factor receptor, Janus kinase, and RON (receptor originated from Nantes), with IC50 values ranging from 2.14 to 12.20 μM. Additionally, the cell‐cycle analysis showed that compound 22 could arrest HepG2 cells in the G1/G0 phase. Taken together, all the experiments confirmed that the compounds in this series were multitarget anticancer agents worth further optimizing.
Densely substituted piperidines as a new class of elastase inhibitors: Synthesis and molecular modeling studies
Authors: Hamdani Syeda S. , Khan Bilal A. , Saeed Aamer , Larik Fayaz A. , Hameed Shahid , Channar Pervaiz A. , Ahmad Khalil , Mughal Ehsan Ullah , Abbas Qamar , Amin Noor Ul , Ghumro Sarfaraz A. , Maitlo Habibullah , Hassan Mubashir , Raza Hussain , Seo Sung‐Yum 
Published: July 2019

AbstractElastase is the only enzyme that has the capability to degrade elastin and collagen, the two proteins essential for skin and bones. The synthesis of some densely substituted piperidines functionalized with the trifluoromethyl group (4a‐j) was carried out. The newly prepared compounds were subjected to elastase enzyme inhibitory potential and antioxidant activity assays. Among the series, 4i (IC50 = 0.341 ± 0.001 μM) exhibited the maximum inhibition against elastase. Binding analysis delineated that the fluorine atom of ligand 4i showed hydrogen and hydrophobic bonds with Thr41 and Thr96, with bond distances of 3.84 and 5.631 Å, respectively. The obtained results indicate that these trifluoromethyl functionalized piperidine derivatives could be considered as potential candidates to treat skin disorders.
MIL‐53(Al) as a Versatile Platform for Ionic‐Liquid/MOF Composites to Enhance CO2 Selectivity over CH4 and N2
Authors: Kavak Safiyye , Polat H. Mert , Kulak Harun , Keskin Seda , Uzun Alper 
Published: July 2019

AbstractFive different imidazolium‐based ionic liquids (ILs) were incorporated into a metal–organic framework (MOF), MIL‐53(Al), to investigate the effect of IL incorporation on the CO2 separation performance of MIL‐53(Al). CO2, CH4, and N2 adsorption isotherms of the IL/MIL‐53(Al) composites and pristine MIL‐53(Al) were measured to evaluate the effect of the ILs on the CO2/CH4 and CO2/N2 selectivities of the MOF. Of the composite materials that were tested, [BMIM][PF6]/MIL‐53(Al) exhibited the largest increase in CO2/CH4 selectivity, 2.8‐times higher than that of pristine MIL‐53(Al), whilst [BMIM][MeSO4]/MIL‐53(Al) exhibited the largest increase in CO2/N2 selectivity, 3.3‐times higher than that of pristine MIL‐53(Al). A comparison of the CO2 separation potentials of the IL/MOF composites showed that the [BMIM][BF4]‐ and [BMIM][PF6]‐incorporated MIL‐53(Al) composites both showed enhanced CO2/N2 and CO2/CH4 selectivities at pressures of 1–5 bar compared to composites of CuBTC and ZIF‐8 with the same ILs. These results demonstrate that MIL‐53(Al) is a versatile platform for IL/MOF composites and could help to guide the rational design of new composites for target gas‐separation applications.
Engineering of the Filler/Polymer Interface in Metal–Organic Framework‐Based Mixed‐Matrix Membranes to Enhance Gas Separation
Authors: Ma Liang , Svec Frantisek , Lv Yongqin , Tan Tianwei 
Published: July 2019

AbstractTraditional films cannot fully adapt to industrial applications and to intensified processes. Advanced mixed‐matrix membranes comprising metal–organic frameworks (MOF) embedded in a polymer matrix have been developed with the goal of breaking the trade‐off effect of traditional polymer membranes and achieving separation performance beyond Robeson's upper limit. The key challenges in the fabrication of MOF‐based mixed‐matrix membranes are an enhancement in compatibility between the inorganic filler and the polymer matrix, elimination of the irregular morphology and non‐selective interfacial defects, and further improvement in the gas‐separation performance. This review summarizes the recent advances in protocols and strategies in terms of designing interfacial interactions to enhance the MOF/polymer interface compatibility. This review aims at providing some meaningful insights into preparing MOF‐based mixed‐matrix membranes targeting ideal interfacial morphology and leading to excellent gas‐separation performance.
Social business collaboration at the bottom of the pyramid: The case of orchestration
Authors: Gold Stefan , Chowdhury Ilma Nur , Huq Fahian Anisul , Heinemann Kristin 
Published: July 2019

AbstractSocial business orchestrators (SBOs) help social businesses of various sizes to tackle major societal issues by filling gaps in knowledge and resources. However, research has overlooked these types of collaboration. Situated within a bottom of the pyramid context in Bangladesh, the current study sheds light on the process of value creation for SBO–social businesses partnerships by comparing different collaboration partners. Multiple case study research through the lens of the relational view were used to ask how SBOs facilitate value creation in social businesses by flexibly adapting resource inputs and governance mechanisms to the specific endowment and size of partners; this approach was informed by interviews and field note analyses. The combined deductive–inductive analysis enhances knowledge of idiosyncrasies of SBO–social business collaborations. Our study draws attention to the role of large orchestrators, whose model could be scaled and transferred to other world regions, including industrialised countries.
Environmental strategy in the global banking industry within the varieties of capitalism approach: The moderating role of gender diversity and board members with specific skills
Authors: Gallego‐Álvarez Isabel , Pucheta‐Martínez María Consuelo 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThis research sets out to analyse environmental disclosure in the banking industry by considering the varieties of capitalism framework. This approach is concerned with the way companies interact strategically to resolve coordination issues arising from their operations, and it is supported by prior research. This is a fruitful perspective for exploring the association between country‐level factors and disclosure by firms, such as environmental reporting. This research is based on an international sample of countries operating in coordinated market economies (CMEs) and liberal market economies (LMEs). The results obtained show that financial institutions operating in CME countries are involved in more environmental matters than banks domiciled in LME countries. As regards the moderating variables, the evidence shows that women on the boards of banks in CME countries encourage the reporting of environmental information, as predicted. Nonetheless, and contrary to our expectations, members with specific skills on boards within CME cultures do not favour greater disclosure of environmental information compared with those on boards of banks operating in LME contexts.
Oridonin induces Mdm2‐p60 to promote p53‐mediated apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in neuroblastoma
Authors: Zhu Han‐Qing , Zhang Chao , Guo Zhu‐Ying , Yang Jun‐Mei , Guo Jia‐Hui , Chen Chen , Yao Qiang‐Hua , Liu Feng , Zhang Quan‐Wu , Gao Feng‐Hou 
Published: July 2019

AbstractOridonin could induce NB (neuroblastoma) cells growth inhibition by inducing apoptosis and cell cycle arrest, and the molecular mechanisms behind the effects deserve to be further explored. Here, oridonin was confirmed to cause the reactivation of p53 (cellular tumor antigen p53) to promote the expression of a series of apoptosis‐ and cell cycle arrest‐related proteins for the biological effects. During the process, oridonin relied on the caspase activation to cleave p53‐induced Mdm2 (E3 ubiquitin‐protein ligase Mdm2) to generate Mdm2‐p60. The generation of Mdm2‐p60 stabilized p53, and resulted in p53 accumulation for p53 continuous activation. In our research, it was also found that the reactivation of p53 induced by oridonin was closely related with the generation of ROS (reactive oxygen species). Taken together, these findings explain that oridonin exerts its anticancer activity partially by targeting the Mdm2‐p53 axis in NB cells, which lay an experimental base for future research of exploring the effects and molecular mechanisms of oridonin.