bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relative telomere length and oxidative DNA damage in hypertrophic ligamentum flavum of lumbar spinal stenosis
Authors: Dechsupa Sinsuda , Yingsakmongkol Wicharn , Limthongkul Worawat , Singhatanadgige Weerasak , Honsawek Sittisak 
Published: August 2018

Background
Lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) is a common cause of low back pain with degenerative spinal change in older adults. Telomeres are repetitive nucleoprotein DNA sequences of TTAGGG at the ends of chromosomes. Oxidative stress originates from an imbalance in pro-oxidant and antioxidant homeostasis that results in the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The purpose of this study was to investigate relative telomere length (RTL) and oxidative DNA damage in ligamentum flavum (LF) tissue from LSS patients.

Methods
Forty-eight patients with LSS participated in this study. Genomic DNA from non-hypertrophic and hypertrophic LF tissue were analyzed by real-time polymerase chain reaction for relative telomere length (RTL). 8-hydroxy 2′-deoxygaunosine (8-OHdG) levels were determined by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. We cultivated LF fibroblast cells from patients in different ages (61, 66, and 77 years). After each cultivation cycle, we examined RTL and senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) expression.

Results
The hypertrophic LF had significantly lower RTL than non-hypertrophic LF (P = 0.04). The levels of 8-OHdG were significantly higher in hypertrophic LF compared to non-hypertrophic LF (P = 0.02). With advancing cell culture passage, the number of cells in each passage was significantly lower in hypertrophic LF fibroblast cells than non-hypertrophic LF fibroblast cells. When evaluated with SA-β-gal staining, all senescent LF fibroblast cells were observed at earlier passages in hypertrophic LF compared with non-hypertrophic LF fibroblast cells.

Discussion
Our results showed that patients with LSS displayed an accelerated RTL shortening and high oxidative stress in hypertrophic LF. These findings implied that telomere shortening and oxidative stress may play roles in the pathogenesis of hypertrophic LF in lumbar spinal stenosis.
Deformation of the median nerve at different finger postures and wrist angles
Authors: Loh Ping Yeap , Yeoh Wen Liang , Nakashima Hiroki , Muraki Satoshi 
Published: August 2018

Background
The objective of this study was to evaluate the changes of the median nerve cross-sectional area (MNCSA) and diameters of the median nerve at different finger postures and wrist angles.

Methods
Twenty-five healthy male participants were recruited in this study. The median nerve at wrist crease was examined at six finger postures, and repeated with the wrist in 30° flexion, neutral (0°), and 30° extension. The six finger postures are relaxed, straight finger, hook, full fist, tabletop, and straight fist.

Results
The main effects of both finger postures and wrist angles are significant (p < 0.05) on changes of the MNCSA. Different finger tendon gliding postures cause a change in the MNCSA. Furthermore, wrist flexion and extension cause higher deformation of the MNCSA at different finger postures.

Discussion
The median nerve parameters such as MNCSA and diameter were altered by a change in wrist angle and finger posture. The results may help to understand the direct biomechanical stresses on the median nerve by different wrist-finger activities.
МАТРИЧНЫЙ СИНТЕЗ ГРАФЕНА НА ПОВЕРХНОСТИ АЛМАЗА И ЕГО МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЕ, "Журнал физической химии"
Authors: Алексеев Н.И. 
Published: August 2018

Проведено квантово-химическое моделирование трансформации верхнего подслоя атомов углерода в решетке монокристаллического алмаза в плоскую решетку графена, стимулированной атомами расплавленной медной пленки на поверхности алмаза. Установлено, что устойчивая конфигурация системы отвечает термически активированному перемещению атомов углерода в нижнем подслое интерфейсного слоя алмаза в положение “графен”, то есть вровень с атомами верхнего подслоя. Выигрыш в энергии по сравнению с невзаимодействующими подсистемами атомов меди и алмаза составляет примерно 0.7 эВ в расчете на один атом нижнего подслоя. Проведена оценка максимального размера сформировавшейся графеновой пленки и рассмотрен возможный механизм ее разрыва.
ВЛИЯНИЕ СТРОЕНИЯ МОЛЕКУЛ ПРОИЗВОДНЫХ 1,2,4-ТРИАЗОЛА И 1,2,4-ТРИАЗИНА НА ХРОМАТОГРАФИЧЕСКОЕ УДЕРЖИВАНИЕ В УСЛОВИЯХ ОБРАЩЕННО-ФАЗОВОЙ ВЭЖХ, "Журнал физической химии"
Authors: Карасева И. Н. , Карасев М.О. , Нечаева О.Н. , Курбатова С.В. 
Published: August 2018

Исследована зависимость хроматографического удерживания производных 1,2,4-триазина и 1,2,4-триазола из водно-ацетонитрильных растворов на октадецилсиликагеле от строения молекул сорбатов. Проанализировано влияние физико-химических параметров молекул гетероциклов и их топологии на характеристики удерживания в условиях ОФ ВЭЖХ.
МАСС-СПЕКТРОМЕТРИЧЕСКОЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ ТЕРМОДИНАМИЧЕСКИХ СВОЙСТВ ТВЕРДЫХ РАСТВОРОВ ШПИНЕЛИ, "Журнал физической химии"
Authors: Шорников С.И. 
Published: August 2018

На основании данных, полученных масс-спектрометрическим эффузионным методом Кнудсена, определены значения парциальных давлений компонентов газовой фазы над твердыми растворами шпинели и уточнена граница твердых растворов шпинели в области “MgAl2O4 (твердый раствор) + + Al2O3” в диапазоне температур 2000-2200 K.?Полученная термодинамическая информация сопоставлена с имеющейся в литературе. Найденные значения активностей оксидов, энергии Гиббса, энтальпии и энтропии образования твердых растворов из оксидов свидетельствуют о незначительных отрицательных отклонениях от идеальности.
ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ ТОПОЛОГИЧЕСКОЙ СТРУКТУРЫ МАКРОМОЛЕКУЛ ЛИГНИНА БАМБУКА BAMBUSA SP., "Высокомолекулярные соединения. Серия А"
Authors: Карманов А. П. , Кочева Л. С. 
Published: August 2018

Рассмотрены результаты изучения топологической структуры макромолекул лигнина Пеппера из стеб- лей бамбука. Методами скоростной седиментации, поступательной диффузии и вискозиметрии исследованы молекулярные свойства разбавленных растворов лигнина в диметилформамиде. Определены молекулярная масса фракций, скейлинговые коэффициенты уравнения Марка-Куна-Хаувинка и значение гидродинамического инварианта Цветкова-Кленина. Впервые показано, что лигнин из стеблей бамбука относится к универсальному классу хаотически разветвленных полимеров, и проведена оценка степени разветвленности макромолекул.
Effects of leakage delay on global asymptotic stability of complex‐valued neural networks with interval time‐varying delays via new complex‐valued Jensen's inequality
Authors: Samidurai R. , Sriraman R. , Cao Jinde , Tu Zhengwen 
Published: August 2018

SummaryThis paper investigates the global asymptotic stability analysis for a class of complex‐valued neural networks with leakage delay and interval time‐varying delays. Different from previous literature, some sufficient information on a complex‐valued neuron activation function and interval time‐varying delays has been considered into the record. A suitable Lyapunov‐Krasovskii functional with some delay‐dependent terms is constructed. By applying modern integral inequalities, several sufficient conditions are obtained to guarantee the global asymptotic stability of the addressed system model. All the proposed criteria are formulated in the structure of a complex‐valued linear matrix inequalities technique, which can be checked effortlessly by applying the YALMIP toolbox in MATLAB linear matrix inequality. Finally, two numerical examples with simulation results have been provided to demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed method.
Adaptive and optimal synchronization control of networked positive real infinite dimensional systems with virtual leader
Authors: Demetriou Michael A. 
Published: August 2018

SummaryThis paper considers the design of synchronization controllers for a class of networked infinite dimensional positive real systems, which include partial differential equations with boundary or in‐domain actuation and sensing. The proposed distributed controllers have one component addressing a tracking objective based on static output feedback and another component addressing a synchronization objective. One method of selecting the synchronization gains is to consider the aggregate form of the networked systems and minimize an associated energy function of the resulting closed‐loop system parameterized by the synchronization gains. Thus, the optimal synchronization gains are found as the ones that minimize the trace of the solution to a parameterized operator Lyapunov equation. The adaptation of the synchronization gains constitutes an alternative method for their selection and uses a Lyapunov redesign approach to derive the update laws, which depend on local decentralized strategies. An extension dealing with restricted virtual leader information necessitating modifications to the proposed control laws is also considered and presented. Numerical studies for selecting the synchronization gains via an optimization of an associated performance metric as well as via time‐variation through adaptation are presented for one‐dimensional diffusion partial differential equations.
Asymmetric prescribed performance‐barrier Lyapunov function for the adaptive dynamic surface control of unknown pure‐feedback nonlinear switched systems with output constraints
Authors: Chen Longsheng 
Published: August 2018

SummaryAn adaptive dynamic surface control scheme for a class of pure‐feedback nonlinear switched systems possessing completely unknown nonlinearities and output constraints is proposed in this paper. By enabling the barriers to vary with prescribed performance functions in time, an asymmetric prescribed performance‐barrier Lyapunov function (APP‐BLF) is developed to guarantee the prescribed tracking performance simultaneously with constraint satisfaction under arbitrary switching, while the initial conditional requirements are relaxed. To handle the nonaffine problem, an affine variable is constructed to transform pure‐feedback systems into a strict‐feedback form with the nonaffine and switching properties existing in time‐varying bounded parameters by utilizing the mean value theorem at each step of the backstepping design procedure. Next, by incorporating the supremum norm theory, dynamic surface control, and the Nussbaum gain technique, a novel adaptive approach is presented to overcome unknown nonlinearities, unknown control coefficients, and the explosion of complexity. At last, by using the common Lyapunov function approach in combination with the decoupled backstepping method, a common approximation‐free adaptive controller is constructed to guarantee that all the signals in the closed‐loop system are semiglobally uniformly bounded. Moreover, the proposed controller alleviates the problems of overparameterization and the computational burden. Two simulation studies are conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness, robustness, and applicability of the proposed approach.
Carbon‐Based Photothermal Actuators
Authors: Han Bing , Zhang Yong‐Lai , Chen Qi‐Dai , Sun Hong‐Bo 
Published: August 2018

AbstractActuators that can convert environmental stimuli into mechanical work are widely used in intelligent systems, robots, and micromechanics. To produce robust and sensitive actuators of different scales, efforts are devoted to developing effective actuating schemes and functional materials for actuator design. Carbon‐based nanomaterials have emerged as preferred candidates for different actuating systems because of their low cost, ease of processing, mechanical strength, and excellent physical/chemical properties. Especially, due to their excellent photothermal activity, which includes both optical absorption and thermal conductivities, carbon‐based materials have shown great potential for use in photothermal actuators. Herein, the recent advances in photothermal actuators based on various carbon allotropes, including graphite, carbon nanotubes, amorphous carbon, graphene and its derivatives, are reviewed. Different photothermal actuating schemes, including photothermal effect–induced expansion, desorption, phase change, surface tension gradient creation, and actuation under magnetic levitation, are summarized, and the light‐to‐heat and heat‐to‐work conversion mechanisms are discussed. Carbon‐based photothermal actuators that feature high light‐to‐work conversion efficiency, mechanical robustness, and noncontact manipulation hold great promise for future autonomous systems.
Next‐Generation Narrow‐Band Green‐Emitting RbLi(Li3SiO4)2:Eu2+ Phosphor for Backlight Display Application
Authors: Zhao Ming , Liao Hongxu , Ning Lixin , Zhang Qinyuan , Liu Quanlin , Xia Zhiguo 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe discovery of high efficiency narrow‐band green‐emitting phosphors is a major challenge in backlighting light‐emitting diodes (LEDs). Benefitting from highly condensed and rigid framework structure of UCr4C4‐type compounds, a next‐generation narrow green emitter, RbLi(Li3SiO4)2:Eu2+ (RLSO:Eu2+), has emerged in the oxide‐based family with superior luminescence properties. RLSO:Eu2+ phosphor can be efficiently excited by GaN‐based blue LEDs, and shows green emission at 530 nm with a narrow full width at half maximum of 42 nm, and very low thermal quenching (103%@150 °C of the integrated emission intensity at 20 °C), however its chemical stability needs to be improved later. The white LED backlight using optimized RLSO:8%Eu2+ phosphor demonstrates a high luminous efficacy of 97.28 lm W−1 and a wide color gamut (107% National Television System Committee standard (NTSC) in Commission Internationale de L'Eclairage (CIE) 1931 color space), suggesting its great potential for industrial applications as liquid crystal display (LCD) backlighting.
Soft Electronically Functional Polymeric Composite Materials for a Flexible and Stretchable Digital Future
Authors: Tee Benjamin C. K. , Ouyang Jianyong 
Published: August 2018

AbstractFlexible/stretchable electronic devices and systems are attracting great attention because they can have important applications in many areas, such as artificial intelligent (AI) robotics, brain–machine interfaces, medical devices, structural and environmental monitoring, and healthcare. In addition to the electronic performance, the electronic devices and systems should be mechanically flexible or even stretchable. Traditional electronic materials including metals and semiconductors usually have poor mechanical flexibility and very limited elasticity. Three main strategies are adopted for the development of flexible/stretchable electronic materials. One is to use organic or polymeric materials. These materials are flexible, and their elasticity can be improved through chemical modification or composition formation with plasticizers or elastomers. Another strategy is to exploit nanometer‐scale materials. Many inorganic materials in nanometer sizes can have high flexibility. They can be stretchable through the composition formation with elastomers. Ionogels can be considered as the third type of materials because they can be stretchable and ionically conductive. This article provides the recent progress of soft functional materials development including intrinsically conductive polymers for flexible/stretchable electrodes, and thermoelectric conversion and polymer composites for large area, flexible stretchable electrodes, and tactile sensors.
Morphology Control Enables Efficient Ternary Organic Solar Cells
Authors: Xie Yuanpeng , Yang Fan , Li Yuxiang , Uddin Mohammad Afsar , Bi Pengqing , Fan Bingbing , Cai Yunhao , Hao Xiaotao , Woo Han Young , Li Weiwei , Liu Feng , Sun Yanming 
Published: August 2018

AbstractTernary organic solar cells are promising alternatives to the binary counterpart due to their potential in achieving high performance. Although a growing number of ternary organic solar cells are recently reported, less effort is devoted to morphology control. Here, ternary organic solar cells are fabricated using a wide‐bandgap polymer PBT1‐C as the donor, a crystalline fused‐ring electron acceptor ITIC‐2Cl, and an amorphous fullerene derivative indene‐C60 bisadduct (ICBA) as the acceptor. It is found that ICBA can disturb π–π interactions of the crystalline ITIC‐2Cl molecules in ternary blends and then help to form more uniform morphology. As a result, incorporation of 20% ICBA in the PBT1‐C:ITIC‐2Cl blend enables efficient charge dissociation, negligible bimolecular recombination, and balanced charge carrier mobilities. An impressive power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 13.4%, with a high fill factor (FF) of 76.8%, is eventually achieved, which represents one of the highest PCEs reported so far for organic solar cells. The results manifest that the adoption of amorphous fullerene acceptor is an effective approach to optimizing the ternary blend morphology and thereby increases the solar cell performance.
Semimetal–Semiconductor Transitions for Monolayer Antimonene Nanosheets and Their Application in Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Zhang Fan , He Junjie , Xiang Yuren , Zheng Kai , Xue Bin , Ye Shuai , Peng Xiao , Hao Yuying , Lian Jiarong , Zeng Pengju , Qu Junle , Song Jun 
Published: August 2018

AbstractAntimonene‐based 2D materials are attracting increasing research interest due to their superior physicochemical properties and promising applications in next‐generation electronics and optoelectronics devices. However, the semiconductor properties of antimonene are still at the theoretical simulation stage and are not experimentally verified, significantly restricting its applications in specific areas. In this study, the semiconductor properties of monolayer antimonene nanosheets are experimentally verified. It is found that the obtained semiconductive antimonene nanosheets (SANs) exhibit indirect bandgap properties, with photoluminescence (PL) bandgap at about 2.33 eV and PL lifetime of 4.3 ns. Moreover, the obtained SANs are ideal for the hole extraction layer in planar inverted perovskite solar cells (PVSCs) and significantly enhance the device performance due to fast hole extraction and efficient hole transfer at the perovskite/hole transport layer interface. Overall, these findings look promising for the future prospects of antimonene in electronics and optoelectronics.
Interfacially Polymerized Particles with Heterostructured Nanopores for Glycopeptide Separation
Authors: Song Yongyang , Li Xiuling , Fan Jun‐Bing , Kang Hongjian , Zhang Xiaofei , Chen Cheng , Liang Xinmiao , Wang Shutao 
Published: August 2018

AbstractPorous polymer materials are extensively used for biomolecule separation. However, conventional homogeneous porous polymer materials cannot efficiently separate specific low‐abundance biomolecules from complex samples. Here, particles fabricated by emulsion interfacial polymerization featuring heterostructured nanopores with tunable size are reported, which can be used to realize low‐abundance glycopeptide (GP) separation from complex biofluids. The heterostructured surface inside the nanopores allows solvent‐dependent local adsorption of biomolecules onto hydrophilic or hydrophobic regions. Low‐abundance hydrophilic GPs in complex biofluids can be efficiently separated via the hydrophilic region of nanopores in low‐polarity solvent after the hydrophobic region removes high‐abundance hydrophobic proteins and non‐glycopeptides in high‐polarity solvent. It is expected that these particles with heterostructured nanopores can be used for separation of nucleic acids, saccharides, and proteins, and downstream clinical diagnosis.
Raising the Working Temperature of a Triboelectric Nanogenerator by Quenching Down Electron Thermionic Emission in Contact‐Electrification
Authors: Xu Cheng , Wang Aurelia Chi , Zou Haiyang , Zhang Binbin , Zhang Chunli , Zi Yunlong , Pan Lun , Wang Peihong , Feng Peizhong , Lin Zhiqun , Wang Zhong Lin 
Published: August 2018

AbstractAs previously demonstrated, contact‐electrification (CE) is strongly dependent on temperature, however the highest temperature in which a triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) can still function is unknown. Here, by designing and preparing a rotating free‐standing mode Ti/SiO2 TENG, the relationship between CE and temperature is revealed. It is found that the dominant deterring factor of CE at high temperatures is the electron thermionic emission. Although it is normally difficult for CE to occur at temperatures higher than 583 K, the working temperature of the rotating TENG can be raised to 673 K when thermionic emission is prevented by direct physical contact of the two materials via preannealing. The surface states model is proposed for explaining the experimental phenomenon. Moreover, the developed electron cloud‐potential well model accounts for the CE mechanism with temperature effects for all types of materials. The model indicates that besides thermionic emission of electrons, the atomic thermal vibration also influences CE. This study is fundamentally important for understanding triboelectrification, which will impact the design and improve the TENG for practical applications in a high temperature environment.
All‐Solution‐Processed Pure Formamidinium‐Based Perovskite Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Wang Juanhong , Song Chen , He Zhiwei , Mai Chaohuang , Xie Gancheng , Mu Lan , Cun Yangke , Li Jiali , Wang Jian , Peng Junbiao , Cao Yong 
Published: August 2018

AbstractAll‐solution‐processed pure formamidinium‐based perovskite light‐emitting diodes (PeLEDs) with record performance are successfully realized. It is found that the FAPbBr3 device is hole dominant. To achieve charge carrier balance, on the anode side, PEDOT:PSS 8000 is employed as the hole injection layer, replacing PEDOT:PSS 4083 to suppress the hole current. On the cathode side, the solution‐processed ZnO nanoparticle (NP) is used as the electron injection layer in regular PeLEDs to improve the electron current. With the smallest ZnO NPs (2.9 nm) as electron injection layer (EIL), the solution‐processed PeLED exhibits a highest forward viewing power efficiency of 22.3 lm W−1, a peak current efficiency of 21.3 cd A−1, and an external quantum efficiency of 4.66%. The maximum brightness reaches a record 1.09 × 105 cd m−2. A record lifetime T50 of 436 s is achieved at the initial brightness of 10 000 cd m−2. Not only do PEDOT:PSS 8000 HIL and ZnO NPs EIL modulate the injected charge carriers to reach charge balance, but also they prevent the exciton quenching at the interface between the charge injection layer and the light emission layer. The subbandgap turn‐on voltage is attributed to Auger‐assisted energy up‐conversion process.
Plasmon‐Tunable Tip Pyramids: Monopole Nanoantennas for Near‐Field Scanning Optical Microscopy
Authors: Vasconcelos Thiago L. , Archanjo Bráulio S. , Oliveira Bruno S. , Valaski Rogério , Cordeiro Rafael C. , Medeiros Helton G. , Rabelo Cassiano , Ribeiro Aroldo , Ercius Peter , Achete Carlos A. , Jorio Ado , Cançado Luiz Gustavo 
Published: August 2018

AbstractSqueezing optical fields into nanometer scale is the key step to perform spatially resolved near‐field optics. In scattering‐type near‐field optical microscopy, this task is accomplished by nanoantennas that convert propagating radiation to local near‐fields and vice versa. The usual nanoantenna is composed by an elongated metal structure whose longitudinal dimension is scaled to support dipole modes of localized surface plasmon resonances. However, monopole modes can also be explored if the elongated metal nanoparticle is electrically grounded on a flat metallic plateau that acts like a mirror providing the monopole's image that closes the dipole system. Here, a method for batch production of monopole nanoantennas for scattering‐type near‐field scanning optical microscopy is presented. The nanoantennas are composed of a micropyramidal body with a nanopyramidal end whose lateral dimension can be scaled to fine‐tune localized surface plasmon resonance modes. The monopole character of the nanoantennas is revealed by electron energy loss spectroscopy, and their efficiency and reproducibility are tested in tip‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy experiments performed on single‐layer graphene and single‐walled carbon nanotubes.