bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Male partner involvement in delivery care service and associated factors in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Mulugeta Chalie , Emagneneh Tadele , Kumie Getinet , Sisay Assefa , Alamrew Abebaw 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Promoting the involvement of male partners in skilled delivery care is a strategy supported by the World Health Organization (WHO) to improve maternal and infant health outcomes. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to estimate the pooled prevalence of male partner involvement in delivery care service in Ethiopia and its contributing factors.

Methods
We retrieved observational studies conducted in Ethiopia from PubMed, Google Scholar, Embase, Cochrane Library, Hinari, and Mednar using Boolean search terms. The Newcastle Ottawa 2016 Critical Appraisal Checklist assessed the methodological quality of the studies. Publication bias was evaluated with a funnel plot and Egger’s test, and heterogeneity was checked using the I-squared test. Data were extracted into Microsoft Excel and analyzed using Stata 11 software.

Results
10 articles with 5,307 participants were included for analysis. The pooled prevalence of male partner involvement in delivery care service was 52.99% (95% CI: 40.63–65.35). Paternal secondary education and above (OR 1.99, 95% CI: 1.69, 2.30), paternal knowledge (OR 3.129, 95% CI: 1.901, 4.356), partner attitude (OR 2.39, 95% CI: 1.45–3.34), having ANC accompanying experience (OR 8.09, 95% CI: 3.14, 19.32), and urban residence (OR 2.12, 95% CI: 1.61, 2.64) were significantly associated with male partner involvement in delivery care service in Ethiopia.

Conclusion
This study found that more than half of male partners in Ethiopia were involved in delivery care services. The key contributing factors for male partner involvement in delivery care services were paternal secondary education and above, paternal knowledge, partner attitude, ANC accompanying experience, and urban residence. Campaigns should be organized to improve knowledge, attitude, and effectively recognize men’s involvement in skilled birth care.
Mechanism of efficacy of trabectedin against myxoid liposarcoma entails detachment of the FUS-DDIT3 transcription factor from its DNA binding sites
Authors: Craparotta Ilaria , Mannarino Laura , Zadro Riccardo , Ballabio Sara , Marchini Sergio , Pavesi Giulio , Russo Marta , Renne Salvatore Lorenzo , Meroni Marina , Ponzo Marianna , Bello Ezia , Sanfilippo Roberta , Casali Paolo G. , D’Incalci Maurizio , Frapolli Roberta 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
The marine drug trabectedin has shown unusual effectiveness in the treatment of myxoid liposarcoma (MLPS), a liposarcoma characterized by the expression of the FUS-DDIT3 chimera. Trabectedin elicits a significant transcriptional response in MLPS resulting in cellular depletion and reactivation of adipogenesis. However, the role of the chimeric protein in the mechanism of action of the drug is not entirely understood.

Methods
FUS-DDIT3-specific binding sites were assessed through Chromatin Immunoprecipitation Sequencing (ChIP-Seq). Trabectedin-induced effects were studied on pre-established patient-derived xenograft models of MLPS, one sensitive to (ML017) and one resistant against (ML017ET) trabectedin at different time points (24 and 72 h, 15 days). Data were integrated with RNA-Seq from the same models.

Results
Through ChIP-Seq, here we demonstrate that trabectedin inhibits the binding of FUS-DDIT3 to its target genes, restoring adipocyte differentiation in a patient-derived xenograft model of MLPS sensitive to trabectedin. In addition, complementary RNA-Seq data on the same model demonstrates a two-phase effect of trabectedin, characterized by an initial FUS-DDIT3-independent cytotoxicity, followed by a transcriptionally active pro-differentiation phase due to the long-lasting detachment of the chimera from the DNA. Interestingly, in a trabectedin-resistant MLPS model, the effect of trabectedin on FUS-DDIT3 rapidly decreased over time, and prolonged treatment was no longer able to induce any transcription or post-transcriptional modifications.

Conclusions
These findings explain the unusual mechanism underlying trabectedin's effectiveness against MLPS by pinpointing the chimera's role in inducing the differentiation block responsible for MLPS pathogenesis. Additionally, the findings hint at a potential mechanism of resistance acquired in vivo.

Graphical Abstract
Low-dose tamoxifen treatment reduces collagen organisation indicative of tissue stiffness in the normal breast: results from the KARISMA randomised controlled trial
Authors: Göransson Sara , Hernández-Varas Pablo , Hammarström Mattias , Hellgren Roxanna , Bäcklund Magnus , Lång Kristina , Rosendahl Ann H. , Eriksson Mikael , Borgquist Signe , Strömblad Staffan , Czene Kamila , Hall Per , Gabrielson Marike 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
Tissue stiffness, dictated by organisation of interstitial fibrillar collagens, increases breast cancer risk and contributes to cancer progression. Tamoxifen is a standard treatment for receptor-positive breast cancer and is also aproved for primary prevention. We investigated the effect of tamoxifen and its main metabolites on the breast tissue collagen organisation as a proxy for stiffness and explored the relationship between mammographic density (MD) and collagen organisation.

Material and methods
This sub-study of the double-blinded dose-determination trial, KARISMA, included 83 healthy women randomised to 6 months of 20, 10, 5, 2.5, and 1 mg of tamoxifen or placebo. Ultrasound-guided core-needle breast biopsies collected before and after treatment were evaluated for collagen organisation by polarised light microscopy.

Results
Tamoxifen reduced the amount of organised collagen and overall organisation, reflected by a shift from heavily crosslinked thick fibres to thinner, less crosslinked fibres. Collagen remodelling correlated with plasma concentrations of tamoxifen metabolites. MD change was not associated with changes in amount of organised collagen but was correlated with less crosslinking in premenopausal women.

Conclusions
In this study of healthy women, tamoxifen decreased the overall organisation of fibrillar collagens, and consequently, the breast tissue stiffness. These stromal alterations may play a role in the well-established preventive and therapeutic effects of tamoxifen.
Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT03346200. Registered November 1st, 2017. Retrospectively registered.
Choriocapillaris flow deficit is associated with disease duration in type 2 diabetic patients without retinopathy: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Vidal-Oliver Lourdes , Herzig-de Almeida Elisa , Spissinger Sabrina , Finger Robert P 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
Diabetes mellitus (DM) causes microvascular damage due to long-term hyperglycemia, even before the onset of retinal changes. We aimed to investigate the association between optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) metrics and disease duration in type 2 diabetic patients without retinopathy.

Methods
Eighty-two eyes of 82 type 2 diabetic patients without diabetic retinopathy (DR) were included. Choriocapillaris flow deficit (CC FD%), vessel density (VD), vessel length density (VLD) in the superficial (SVP) and deep vascular plexus (DVP) were calculated and compared between different sectors of the macula. Foveal avascular zone circularity (FAZc) was also calculated. Linear regression was used to study the association of each vascular parameter with disease duration both in a univariate and multivariate design adjusting for age, sex, Hb1Ac and arterial hypertension.

Results
CC FD% increased by 3.7, 2.3, 3.8 and 4.6% in the nasal, superior, temporal and inferior sectors per decade of disease duration, after adjusting for confounders. Mean values of VD and VLD in the SVP and DVP, as well as FAZc decreased with increased duration of DM, but the association was weaker. Only the VD in the superior and temporal sectors of the SVP were significant in the multivariate analysis (ß=-0.12 (95% CI -0.24 to -0.01) and − 0.13 (95%CI -0.25 to -0.002), respectively).

Conclusion
CC FD% is independently associated with disease duration in type 2 diabetes independent of the presence of clinical retinopathy. Further longitudinal studies are needed to investigate the role of choroidal changes in predicting DR onset in order to individualize screening protocols.
Increased Ambient Temperature and Hyponatremia Presentations: A 10-Year Retrospective Study at an Australian Hospital
Authors: Nicholls Thomas , Hoermann Rudolf , Wootton Elizabeth , Mansouri Negar , Stevens Meg , Vo Hung , Grossmann Mathis , Warren Annabelle M 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Objective
To determine the relationship between ambient air temperature and the incidence of hyponatremia in a heat-prone region.

Methods
We conducted a retrospective study that correlated serum sodium concentrations documented at the Austin Hospital in Melbourne over 10 years from January 2014 to December 2023 with publicly available temperature data from the Australian Bureau of Meteorology. The main outcome measures were serum sodium concentrations and incidence of hyponatremia admissions when correlated to temperature, and, following heatwave events, defined as temperature above 30 °C over 5 consecutive days.

Results
Over this period, 45 718 low serum sodium results were identified from 26 557 unique patients. Serum sodium concentrations in January (Australian summer) were 0.55 mmol/L lower (95% CI 0.36 to 0.77, P &lt; .001) than in September (Australian early spring). Women had lower sodium concentrations than men (−0.21 mmol/L, 95% CI −0.29 to −0.12, P &lt; .001), as did patients older than 80 years when compared with those younger than 65 years (−0.39 mmol, 95% CI −0.50 to −0.29, P &lt; .001). Hospital admissions with hyponatremia were more frequent during summer months. Profound hyponatremia admissions (sodium ≤125 mmol/L) were more frequent following a heatwave than without (7.6% vs 6.5%, P = .04).

Conclusion
Our study demonstrates that serum sodium concentrations are lower and profound hyponatremia-related hospital admissions higher when ambient temperatures are warmer. This suggests that hyponatremia is a climate-associated health issue. Local public health advice for water consumption during heatwaves should consider this risk, and prompt action to limit climate change is required to mitigate this risk.
Prediction of Shunt Malfunction Using Automated Ventricular Volume Analysis and Radiomics
Authors: Kellogg Ryan T. , Vargas Jan , Nguyen Matthew , Nwanko Anthony , Patel Sohil , Ghimire Kanchan , Feng Xue 
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
The assessment of ventricle size is crucial in diagnosing hydrocephalus and in detecting shunt malfunctions. Current methods primarily involve 2-dimensional measurements or ratios. We evaluated the accuracy of volumetric analysis and radiomics in diagnosing hydrocephalus and shunt malfunction.

METHODS:
We identified patients that underwent shunt surgery between January 2018 and August 2020 and collected head CTs from patients who were imaged before the placement of their shunt, with a functional shunt, or with a shunt malfunction. We performed automated ventricle segmentation on the computed tomography (CT) scans to compute ventricle volumes. For each patient, the ventricular volume was compared against a reference normative data set to determine if the ventricular volume was within a given range of SDs. Radiomics analyses were performed on the pathological and a normal data set, combined with clinical features, and used to train classifiers to identify patients with a malfunctioning shunt.

RESULTS:
A total of 145 head CTs from 66 patients were collected and segmented. Comparing pathological ventricular volumes to a normative data set yielded an accuracy of 70% to 73%, depending on the SD cutoff (area under the curve [AUC] of 0.772). When radiomics analysis was performed on 145 pathological and 73 normal scans, the best performing model was a support vector machine model that predicted malfunctioning shunt with an AUC of 0.92 and F1-score of 0.848. Furthermore, the support vector machine model was tested using a held-out testing data set that achieved an AUC of 0.933.

CONCLUSION:
Automated ventricle segmentation using convolutional neural networks combined with radiomics analysis can be used with age and sex to assist in the diagnosis of hydrocephalus and shunt malfunctions when combined with a reference normative data set. It offers a time-efficient alternative to manual segmentation, reduces interobserver variability, and holds promise in improving patient outcomes by facilitating early and accurate diagnosis of hydrocephalus/shunt malfunction.
SLC25A1 regulates placental development to ensure embryonic heart morphogenesis
Authors: Fan Wenli , Li Zixuan , He Xueke , Wang Xiaodong , Sun Ming , Yang Zhongzhou 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT
22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11.2DS) is the most common chromosomal microdeletion syndrome. Congenital heart defects are prevalent in 22q11.2DS but the etiology is still poorly understood. In this study, we aimed to gain mechanistic insights into the heart defects that result from 22q11.2 deletion, with a focus on Slc25a1, which is located in the deletion segment. Whereas global knockout of Slc25a1 in mice produced a variety of heart malformations, cardiac deletion of Slc25a1 had little effect on heart development. We then found that trophoblast-specific Slc25a1 deletion recapitulated heart anomalies in the global knockout mice. Further study identified SLC25A1 as a regulator of trophoblast and placental development through modulation of histone H3K27 acetylation at the promoters and enhancers of key genes involved in trophoblast differentiation. Finally, administration of recombinant human pregnancy-specific glycoprotein 1 (PSG1), a trophoblast-derived secretory glycoprotein, partially corrected placental and embryonic heart defects. This study defines the role of SLC25A1 in heart development by regulating placental development, and provides new insights to understand the etiology of 22q11.2DS.
The role of the Supreme Court in ascertaining the validity of elections to the Sejm and Senate in Poland. Observations against the background of challenging the status of Supreme Court judges
Authors: Stępień-Załucka Beata 
Published: November 2024

The judiciary is one of the basic functions of the state. In Poland, it is based on Article 10 of the Constitution of the Republic of Poland, which stipulates the separation of powers. The essence of this separation of powers in a democratic state is not the isolation of authorities from one another, but their mutual cooperation and mutual inhibition. Therefore, the formulation of allegations against one of the authorities has tangible consequences for the other two, so when formulating these accusations, firstly, it is necessary to have evidence to support them, secondly, far-reaching consequences must be taken into account, and thirdly, it is necessary to maintain a kind of moderation which, instead of radicalising positions, will bring a consensus closer to resolving the various disputes. The perspective of the recent years of observation of the political scene, but also of the academic scene, shows that much more often in the indicated spaces there are criticisms and accusations than proposals for solving the problems affecting the contemporary judiciary, and this is all the more important because without the efficient functioning of the judiciary, the other two authorities remain ‘inoperative’. A tangible example of this was the 2023 Sejm and Senate elections. Criticism of Supreme Court judges appointed after 2017, and the negation of the functioning of the Chamber of Extraordinary Control and Public Affairs (however, this issue will only be outlined due to the framework of the study), have led to the fact that, in the opinion of those negating the status of the Supreme Court judges and the indicated Supreme Court Chamber, there was actually ‘no’ body appropriate to determine the validity of the elections, and let us recall that, according to the Constitution of the Republic of Poland, this body is exclusively the Supreme Court. Based on the above, the following statement will be devoted to showing the influence of the Supreme Court on the determination of the validity of elections in Poland and, in parallel, the dangers that are associated with the negation of the existence of judges and judicial bodies.
Human Rights in the context of extradition obstacles
Authors: Gołębiewski Paweł 
Published: November 2024

Extradition is certainly an area which is particularly sensitive in terms of human rights under international law. The violation of the right to liberty must always be justified, even more so the violation of the right to liberty and the surrender of a person to another country, another legal system. The surrendering country must be assured that, in addition to the fulfilment of human rights formalities, the same standards and guarantees will be provided in the country requesting surrender. This thesis identifies areas that, due to legal and cultural differences between countries, constitute weak links in the extradition process. It addresses not only the legal aspects of human rights regulation, but also criminal procedures related to extradition. In conclusion, the author identifies areas in need of international efforts to enhance human rights guarantees in the procedure under study.
Support for the families with a self-harming child and/or a child with suicidal tendencies: theoretical analysis
Authors: Kleszczewska-Albińska Angelika 
Published: November 2024

Self-harming behavior and suicidal tendencies among children and teenagers are perceived as a significant social problem. They disrupt both the functioning of self-harming individuals and their entire family systems. Information about a child or adolescent’s self-harming behavior and/or suicidal tendencies may be particularly aggravating for their parents. When faced with such information, parents may experience a whole spectrum of unpleasant emotions, and as research conducted so far shows, the involvement of parents or guardians is important for the child’s recovery process. The presented article aims to present the characteristics of self-harming behavior and suicidal tendencies in groups of children and adolescents. It also includes a description of methods that could be effective for supporting parents or caregivers of children experiencing self-destructive behavior. The article focuses on the factors important while supporting parents and caregivers of self-harming children and adolescents which include taking care of one’s own emotional state, the necessity to fulfill the need for reliable information about the child’s problems, the need to secure time for one’s own pleasant activities, hobbies and interests, and to spend time with the child while engaging in some pleasant activities. The significance of asking for help when it is needed, as well as the role of support groups, were also highlighted. It is worth emphasizing that the text is a theoretical starting point for carrying out empirical research in the area described above.
The problem of human trafficking in democratic countries
Authors: Andrejas Olga 
Published: November 2024

The article deals with the problem of trafficking in human beings in democratic countries, explains the concept and gives a historical overview of the phenomenon, as this problem has been known to mankind since ancient times. The following sections of the paper present; factors influencing trafficking in human beings and how victims are recruited. It also discusses the role and effects of international cooperation in prosecuting criminals responsible for trafficking and supporting victims.
Exploring the feasibility of using mice as a substitute model for investigating microglia in aging and Alzheimer’s disease though single cell analysis
Authors: He Rong , Zhang Qiang , Wang Limei , Hu Yiwen , Qiu Yue , Liu Jia , You Dingyun , Cheng Jishuai , Cao Xue 
Published: November 2024

Objective
To guide animal experiments, we investigated the similarities and differences between humans and mice in aging and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) at the single-nucleus RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq) or single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) level.

Methods
Microglia cells were extracted from dataset GSE198323 of human post-mortem hippocampus. The distributions and proportions of microglia subpopulation cell numbers related to AD or age were compared. This comparison was done between GSE198323 for humans and GSE127892 for mice, respectively. The Seurat R package and harmony R package were used for data analysis and batch effect correction. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified by FindMarkers function with MAST test. Comparative analyses were conducted on shared genes in DEGs associated with age and AD. The analyses were done between human and mouse using various bioinformatics techniques. The analysis of genes in DEGs related to age was conducted. Similarly, the analysis of genes in DEGs related to AD was performed. Cross-species analyses were conducted using orthologous genes. Comparative analyses of pseudotime between humans and mice were performed using Monocle2.

Results
(1) Similarities: The proportion of microglial subpopulation Cell_APOE/Apoe shows consistent trends, whether in AD or normal control (NC) groups in both humans and mice. The proportion of Cell_CX3CR1/Cx3cr1, representing homeostatic microglia, remains stable with age in NC groups across species. Tuberculosis and Fc gamma R-mediated phagocytosis pathways are shared in microglia responses to age and AD across species, respectively. (2) Differences: IL1RAPL1 and SPP1 as marker genes are more identifiable in human microglia compared to their mouse counterparts. Most genes of DEGs associated with age or AD exhibit different trends between humans and mice. Pseudotime analyses demonstrate varying cell density trends in microglial subpopulations, depending on age or AD across species.

Conclusions
Mouse Apoe and Cell_Apoe maybe serve as proxies for studying human AD, while Cx3cr1 and Cell_Cx3cr1 are suitable for human aging studies. However, AD mouse models (App_NL_G_F) have limitations in studying human genes like IL1RAPL1 and SPP1 related to AD. Thus, mouse models cannot fully replace human samples for AD and aging research.
Unleashing of cytotoxic effects of thymoquinone-bovine serum albumin nanoparticles on A549 lung cancer cells
Authors: Durga Bala Baskaran , Ramachandran Vinayagam , Senthil Bakthavatchalam , Soloman Vasthi Gnanarani , Elshikh Mohamed Soliman , Almutairi Saeedah Musaed , Wen Zhi-Hong , Lo Yi-Hao 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This research examines the cytotoxic consequences of thymoquinone-loaded bovine serum albumin nanoparticles (TQ-BSA NPs) on the A549 lung cancer cell line. UV-visible (UV–Vis) spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and dynamic light scattering (DLS) were employed to verify the biogenic TQ-BSA NPs’ size, shape, and distribution. UV–Vis spectrophotometry indicated peaks at 200–300 nm, 500–600 nm, and a prominent peak at 700–800 nm, confirming the presence of TQ-BSA NPs. The polydispersity index, as confirmed by DLS, indicated a solvent distribution in water, accompanied by a zeta potential value of 126.2 ± 46.8 mV. The average size of TQ-BSA NPs was confirmed to be 187 ± 8 nm by SEM. TQ-BSA NPs reduce colony formation in the A549 lung cancer cell line in a dose-dependent manner relative to the control group. Protein expression analysis indicated that TQ-BSA NPs promoted programmed cell death by increasing pro-apoptotic levels and decreasing anti-apoptotic levels. TQ-BSA NPs demonstrated inhibition of cancer cell proliferation and promotion of apoptosis and exhibited significant efficacy against cancer cells at low concentrations. As a result, they have the makings of a promising chemotherapeutic agent for low-dose, long-term administration.