bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A refutation to ‘A new A-P compartment boundary and organizer in holometabolous insect wings’
Authors: Lawrence Peter A. , Casal José , Celis José F. de , Morata Ginés 
Published: May 2019

AbstractWe respond to a recent report by Abbasi and Marcus who present two main findings: first they argue that there is an organiser and a compartment boundary within the posterior compartment of the butterfly wing. Second, they present evidence for a previously undiscovered lineage boundary near wing vein 5 in Drosophila, a boundary that delineates a “far posterior” compartment. Clones of cells were marked with the yellow mutation and they reported that these clones always fail to cross a line close to vein 5 on the Drosophila wing. In our hands yellow proved an unusable marker for clones in the wing blade and therefore we reexamined the matter. We marked clones of cells with multiple wing hairs or forked and found a substantial proportion of these clones cross the proposed lineage boundary near vein 5, in conflict with their findings and conclusion. As internal controls we showed that these same clones respect the other two well established compartment boundaries: the anteroposterior compartment boundary is always respected. The dorsoventral boundary is mostly respected, and is crossed only by clones that are induced early in development, consistent with many reports. We question the validity of Abbasi and Marcus’ conclusions regarding the butterfly wing but present no new data.Arising from: R. Abbasi and J. M. Marcus Sci. Rep. 7, 16337 (2017); https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-16553-5.
Moisture Effect on Particulate Matter Filtration Performance using Electro-Spun Nanofibers including Density Functional Theory Analysis
Authors: Kim Han-Jung , Park Seon Joo , Kim Dong-Ik , Lee Sanghyuck , Kwon Oh Seok , Kim Il Ku 
Published: May 2019

AbstractIn this study, we use density functional theory (DFT) calculations to investigate the effect of moisture on the performance of three types of nanofiber (NF)-based air-filter media prepared by electrospinning polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinylidene fluoride, and polyacrylonitrile (PAN). Based on the DFT calculations of the intermolecular interactions between the NF-based filter media and water molecules, the PAN-NF filter is expected to exhibit the best performance in the wet state. Experiment studies also successfully demonstrate that the PAN-NF filter medium has better performance in the filtration of particulate matter (PM) than a commercial semi-high efficiency particulate air filter under wet conditions, and these results are in good agreement with the DFT calculation. The PAN-NF filter shows better performance because of its hydrophilic nature and the relatively low thickness the filter medium that allowed fast recovery of its PM-filtration performance.
Automatic Localization and Count of Agricultural Crop Pests Based on an Improved Deep Learning Pipeline
Authors: Li Weilu , Chen Peng , Wang Bing , Xie Chengjun 
Published: May 2019

AbstractInsect pests are known to be a major cause of damage to agricultural crops. This paper proposed a deep learning-based pipeline for localization and counting of agricultural pests in images by self-learning saliency feature maps. Our method integrates a convolutional neural network (CNN) of ZF (Zeiler and Fergus model) and a region proposal network (RPN) with Non-Maximum Suppression (NMS) to remove overlapping detections. First, the convolutional layers in ZF Net, without average pooling layer and fc layers, were used to compute feature maps of images, which can better retain the original pixel information through smaller convolution kernels. Then, several critical parameters of the method were optimized, including the output size, score threshold, NMS threshold, and so on. To demonstrate the practical applications of our method, different feature extraction networks were explored, including AlexNet, ResNet and ZF Net. Finally, the model trained on smaller multi-scale images was tested on original large images. Experimental results showed that our method achieved a precision of 0.93 with a miss rate of 0.10. Moreover, our model achieved a mean Accuracy Precision (mAP) of 0.885.
VEGF Receptor 1-Expressing Macrophages Recruited from Bone Marrow Enhances Angiogenesis in Endometrial Tissues
Authors: Sekiguchi Kazuki , Ito Yoshiya , Hattori Kyoko , Inoue Tomoyoshi , Hosono Kanako , Honda Masako , Numao Akiko , Amano Hideki , Shibuya Masabumi , Unno Nobuya , Majima Masataka 
Published: May 2019

AbstractAngiogenesis is critical in maintenance of endometrial tissues. Here, we examined the role of VEGF receptor 1 (VEGFR1) signaling in angiogenesis and tissue growth in an endometriosis model. Endometrial fragments were implanted into the peritoneal wall of mice, and endometrial tissue growth and microvessel density (MVD) were determined. Endometrial fragments from wild-type (WT) mice grew slowly with increased angiogenesis determined by CD31+ MVD, peaking on Day 14. When tissues from WT mice were transplanted into VEGFR1 tyrosine kinase-knockout mice, implant growth and angiogenesis were suppressed on Day 14 compared with growth of WT implants in a WT host. The blood vessels in the implants were not derived from the host peritoneum. Immunostaining for VEGFR1 suggested that high numbers of VEGFR1+ cells such as macrophages were infiltrated into the endometrial tissues. When macrophages were deleted with Clophosome N, both endometrial tissue growth and angiogenesis were significantly suppressed. Bone marrow chimera experiments revealed that growth and angiogenesis in endometrial implants were promoted by host bone marrow-derived VEGFR1+/CD11b+ macrophages that accumulated in the implants, and secreted basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF). A FGF receptor kinase inhibitor, PD173047 significantly reduced size of endometrial tissues and angiogenesis. VEGFR1 signaling in host-derived cells is crucial for growth and angiogenesis in endometrial tissue. Thus, VEGFR1 blockade is a potential treatment for endometriosis.
TLR4 counteracts BVRA signaling in human leukocytes via differential regulation of AMPK, mTORC1 and mTORC2
Authors: Zhang Zhiyong , Amorosa Louis F. , Petrova Anna , Coyle Susette , Macor Marie , Nair Mohan , Lee Leonard Y. , Haimovich Beatrice 
Published: May 2019

AbstractTLR4 is implicated in diseases associated with chronic low-grade inflammation, yet homeostatic signaling mechanisms that prevent and/or are affected by chronic TLR4 activation are largely uncharacterized. We recently reported that LPS/TLR4 activates in human leukocytes signaling intermediates (SI), abbreviated TLR4-SI, which include mTORC1-specific effectors and targets, and that leukocytes of patients with T2D or after cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) expressed similar SI. Extending these previous findings, here we show that TLR4-SI expression post-CPB was associated with low serum bilirubin and reduced preoperative expression of biliverdin reductase A (BVRA), the enzyme that converts biliverdin to bilirubin, in patient’s leukocytes. Biliverdin inhibited TLR4 signaling in leukocytes and triggered phosphorylation of mTORC2-specific targets, including Akt, PKCζ, AMPKα-LKB1-TSC1/2, and their association with BVRA. Torin, PP242, and a PKCζ inhibitory peptide, but not rapamycin, prevented these biliverdin-induced responses and TLR4 inhibition. In contrast, LPS/TLR4 triggered decreases in BVRA, AMPKα and PKCζ expression, and an increase in haptoglobin, a heme binding protein, in leukocytes in vivo and in vitro, indicating that activated TLR4 may suppress biliverdin/BVRA signaling. Significantly, compared to non-diabetics, BVRA and PKCζ expression was low and haptoglobin was high in T2D patients leukocytes. Sustained TLR4 activation may deregulate homeostatic anti-inflammatory BVRA/mTORC2 signaling and thereby contribute to chronic inflammatory diseases.
Molecular Basis of Disease Resistance in Banana Progenitor Musa balbisiana against Xanthomonas campestris pv. musacearum
Authors: Tripathi Leena , Tripathi Jaindra Nath , Shah Trushar , Muiruri Kariuki Samwel , Katari Manpreet 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBanana Xanthomonas wilt disease, caused by Xanthomonas campestris pv. musacearum (Xcm), is a major threat to banana production in east Africa. All cultivated varieties of banana are susceptible to Xcm and only the progenitor species Musa balbisiana was found to be resistant. The molecular basis of susceptibility and resistance of banana genotypes to Xcm is currently unknown. Transcriptome analysis of disease resistant genotype Musa balbisiana and highly susceptible banana cultivar Pisang Awak challenged with Xcm was performed to understand the disease response. The number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) was higher in Musa balbisiana in comparison to Pisang Awak. Genes associated with response to biotic stress were up-regulated in Musa balbisiana. The DEGs were further mapped to the biotic stress pathways. Our results suggested activation of both PAMP-triggered basal defense and disease resistance (R) protein-mediated defense in Musa balbisiana as early response to Xcm infection. This study reports the first comparative transcriptome profile of the susceptible and resistant genotype of banana during early infection with Xcm and provide insights on the defense mechanism in Musa balbisiana, which can be used for genetic improvement of commonly cultivated banana varieties.
Shower effect of a rainfall onset on the heat accumulated during a preceding dry spell
Authors: Das Bhowmik Rajarshi , Suchetana Bihu , Lu Mengqian 
Published: May 2019

AbstractPopular perception claims that rain following a hot day brings relief, indicating a bio-meteorological perspective of ‘rainy’ forecasts. However, the hypothesis has rarely been examined on India which experiences distinct pre- and post-monsoon seasons with continuous dry days, occasionally interrupted by thunderstorms or cyclones. The current study analyzes 54 years of observed daily meteorological records across India to assess the impact of shower effect, defined as the amount of change in the temperature on the first day of a wet spell that succeeds a dry spell. Nine combinations of low to high probability rainfall events on the first day of a wet spell and short to prolonged dry spell categories are evaluated. Results indicate that the north, the northeastern, and the eastern states of India witness a decrease in the maximum and minimum temperatures, up to 5 °C during the pre-monsoon season while mostly exhibiting a statistically insignificant long-term temporal trend. During the post-monsoon season, a rainfall event decreases the maximum temperature, providing significant relief by reducing the heat index (HI) warning from ‘Caution’ to ‘Normal’, but is unable to lower the HI warning from ‘danger’ during the pre-monsoon season.
Employing machine learning for theory validation and identification of experimental conditions in laser-plasma physics
Authors: Gonoskov A. , Wallin E. , Polovinkin A. , Meyerov I. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe validation of a theory is commonly based on appealing to clearly distinguishable and describable features in properly reduced experimental data, while the use of ab-initio simulation for interpreting experimental data typically requires complete knowledge about initial conditions and parameters. We here apply the methodology of using machine learning for overcoming these natural limitations. We outline some basic universal ideas and show how we can use them to resolve long-standing theoretical and experimental difficulties in the problem of high-intensity laser-plasma interactions. In particular we show how an artificial neural network can “read” features imprinted in laser-plasma harmonic spectra that are currently analysed with spectral interferometry.
High-throughput metabolomics and ingenuity pathway approach reveals the pharmacological effect and targets of Ginsenoside Rg1 in Alzheimer’s disease mice
Authors: Li Ge , Zhang Ning , Geng Fang , Liu Guoliang , Liu Bin , Lei Xia , Li Guang , Chen Xi 
Published: May 2019

AbstractGinsenoside Rg1, a natural triterpenoid saponins compound isolated from the Panax species, has been found to possess neuroprotective properties in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, its pharmacological mechanism on AD has not been studied. In this study, an ultra-performance liquid chromatography combined with quadrupole time of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q/TOF-MS) based non-targeted metabolomics strategy was performed to explore the mechanism of Ginsenoside Rg1 protecting against AD mice by characterizing metabolic biomarkers and regulation pathways changes. A total of nineteen potential metabolites in serum were discovered and identified to manifest the difference between wild-type mice and triple transgenic mice in control and model group, respectively. Fourteen potential metabolites involved in ten metabolic pathways such as linoleic acid metabolism, arachidonic acid metabolism, tryptophan metabolism and sphingolipid metabolism were affected by Rg1. From the ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA) platform, the relationship between gene, protein, metabolites alteration and protective activity of ginsenoside Rg1 in AD mice are deeply resolved, which refers to increased level of albumin, amino acid metabolism and molecular transport. In addition, quantitative analysis of key enzymes in the disturbed pathways by proteomics parallel reaction was employed to verify changed metabolic pathway under Ginsenoside Rg1. The UPLC-Q/TOF-MS based serum metabolomics method brings about new insights into the pharmacodynamic studies of Ginsenoside Rg1 on AD mice.
Nanocomposite Metamaterials Based on Self-assembled Titanium Dioxide Rolls with Embedded Gold Nanoparticles
Authors: Kutrovskaya Stella , Kucherik Alexey , Osipov Anton , Samyshkin Vlad , Istratov Alexander , Kavokin Alexey V. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractAn experimental method for fabrication of a nanocomposite metamaterial based on a self-assembly of titanium dioxide microtubes with encapsulated gold nanoparticles (NPs) is proposed. The formation of microtubes is induced by laser irradiation in the presence of an external magnetic field. It is shown that the variation of the metal NP concentration leads to the increase of the optical absorption of the metamaterial. The possibility of using arrays of oriented microtubes as absorbing n-doped layers for solar cells is demonstrated.
Antibacterial mechanism of gold nanoparticles onStreptococcus pneumoniae
Authors: Ortiz-Benítez Edgar Augusto , Velázquez-Guadarrama Norma , Durán Figueroa Noé Valentín , Quezada Héctor , Olivares-Trejo José de Jesús 
Published: May 2019

AbstractStreptococcus pneumoniae is a causal agent of otitis media, pneumonia, meningitis and severe cases of septicemia. This human pathogen infects elderly people and children with a high mortality rate of approximately one million deaths per year worldwide. Antibiotic-resistance of S. pneumoniae strains is an increasingly serious health problem; therefore, new therapies capable of combating pneumococcal infections are indispensable. The application of gold nanoparticles has emerged as an option in the control of bacterial infections; however, the mechanism responsible for bacterial cell lysis remains unclear. Specifically, it has been observed that gold nanoparticles are capable of crossing different structures of the S. pneumoniae cells, reaching the cytosol where inclusion bodies of gold nanoparticles are noticed. In this work, a novel process for the separation of such inclusion bodies that allowed the analysis of the biomolecules such as carbohydrates, lipids and proteins associated with the gold nanoparticles was developed. Then, it was possible to separate and identify proteins associated with the gold nanoparticles, which were suggested as possible candidates that facilitate the interaction and entry of gold nanoparticles into S. pneumoniae cells.
Stochastic scheduling of compressed air energy storage in DC SCUC framework for high wind penetration
Authors: Gupta Pranda Prasanta , Jain Prerna , Chand Sharma Kailash , Bhakar Rohit 
Published: May 2019

High intermittent wind generation necessitates integration of bulk energy storage systems (ESSs) for maintaining security and reliability in power system operation. Considering this, stochastic security constrained unit commitment (SCUC) including compressed air energy storage (CAES) as bulk ESS for high wind penetration and with wind uncertainty modelling is addressed. Network constraints for pre‐ and post‐line contingency are modelled using DC power flow. Injection sensitivity factors (ISFs) are conventionally used in power flow equations which, however, make N  −  1 network security constrained formulation huge and computationally demanding for the proposed stochastic model. Therefore, this study proposes a line outage distribution factor (LODF) to reduce the number of coefficients of post contingency DC power flow equations. This is a compact formulation with the lower computational requirement. Wind uncertainty is modelled as probable scenarios. The proposed SCUC is a complex mixed integer linear programming problem and solved using Benders decomposition technique for IEEE 30‐bus and 118‐bus system. Simulation results to analyse the impact of CAES, wind uncertainty and line contingency with ISF and LODF on overall operation costs, CAES scheduling, wind curtailment, locational marginal price and computational time. Results show that the proposed model is computationally efficient for system operation under high wind penetration.
Soft‐punch‐through buffer concept for 600–1200 V IGBTs
Authors: Andenna Maxi , Buitrago Elizabeth , Corvasce Chiara , Papadopoulos Charalampos , Jabrany Rachid , Rahimo Munaf 
Published: May 2019

A new soft‐punch‐through (SPT) buffer concept for 600–1200 V insulated‐gate bipolar transistors (IGBTs) based on thin wafer technology is proposed. The new SPT structure employs an epitaxial layer for the lightly doped n‐type drift region, which is grown on a thick starting material or substrate. The n‐type substrate serves as the SPT buffer region. The doping concentration of both drift and buffer regions are comparably low with the buffer region having a higher doping level. The design options of this new concept are discussed based on experimental data and 1200 V IGBTs using the new buffer concept are compared to IGBTs employing previously published buffer technology.
Wahrgenommene Belastung von Müttern sprachentwicklungsgestörter Kinder
Authors: Rennecke Lisa , Melzer Jessica , Ronniger Pola , Petermann Franz 
Published: May 2019

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Sprachentwicklungsstörungen beeinflussen nicht nur die betroffenen Kinder, sondern das gesamte familiäre Umfeld. Insbesondere Mütter sprachentwicklungsgestörter Kinder erleben hohe psychische und physische Belastungen.
Methode Es wurden n = 40 Mütter von sprachauffälligen und n = 39 Mütter von sprachunauffälligen Kindern zu einem Erhebungszeitpunkt untersucht. Anhand von multivariaten Varianzanalysen und Regressionsanalysen wurden Gruppenunterschiede und mögliche, das Belastungserleben beeinflussende, Prädiktoren ermittelt.
Ergebnisse Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass Mütter von sprachlich auffälligen Kindern deutlich höhere Belastungswerte insbesondere hinsichtlich depressiver Symptome aufweisen als Mütter von unauffällig entwickelten Kindern.
Diskussion Die Behandlung und Förderung von Sprachentwicklungsstörungen sollte sich zukünftig nicht nur auf kindzentrierte Maßnahmen beschränken, sondern vermehrt auch Eltern gezielt in die Therapie integrieren.
Ein Fall von kutaner Lupus erythematodes-ähnlicher Tattoo-Reaktion (diskoider Lupus erythematodes bei rotem Tattoo): Histopathologie, Komplikationen und Therapie
Authors: Sawallich K. , von den Driesch P. 
Published: May 2019

ZusammenfassungDie kutane Lupus erythematodes-ähnliche Tattoo-Reaktion (diskoider Lupus erythematodes bei rotem Tattoo) ist die Diagnose einer seltenen, typischerweise histologisch gestellten Erkrankung, die bei Patienten im Rahmen von Tätowierungen mit rotem Farbstoff auftreten kann. Es kommt zu Schwellungen mit Induration, Juckreiz und Ausbildung von erhabenen, hyperkeratotischen Plaques im Bereich rot tätowierter Tattoos. Histologisch ist die kutane Lupus erythematodes-ähnliche Tattoo-Reaktion gekennzeichnet durch eine Interface-Dermatitis sowie eine lymphozytenreiche, perivaskuläre und periadnexielle Entzündung, die sehr an einen chronisch diskoiden Lupus erythematosus erinnert. Symptome eines systemischen Lupus erythematodes treten nicht auf. Therapeutisch sind läsionale oder orale Steroide empfohlen.
Synthesis and Hybridization Properties of Covalently Mercurated and Palladated Oligonucleotides
Authors: Ukale Dattatraya , Maity Sajal , Hande Madhuri , Lönnberg Tuomas 
Published: May 2019

Covalent metalation of the base moieties affords a new class of modified oligonucleotides. These organometallic oligonucleotides share many properties, notably increased hybridization affinity conferred by metal-mediated base pairing, with oligonucleotides incorporating coordinative transition-metal complexes. They are, however, set apart by their ability to retain the transition-metal ion even at extreme dilution. Such stability towards dissociation would be desirable in DNA nanotechnology and necessary in therapeutic applications. Herein we describe our efforts towards preparation and characterization of covalently mercurated and palladated oligonucleotides, highlighting in particular our recent contribution on the synthesis and potential applications of oligonucleotides incorporating dimercurated artificial nucleobases.1	Introduction2	Synthesis of Covalently Mercurated and Palladated Oligonucleotides3	Hybridization Properties of Covalently Mercurated and Palladated Oligonucleotides4	Outlook
Treatment of Chronic Patellar Tendon Rupture with Hamstrings Tendon Autograft
Authors: Valianatos Panagiotis , Papadakou Evgenia , Erginoussakis Dimitrios , Kampras Dimitrios , Schizas Nikitas , Kouzoupis Anastasios 
Published: May 2019

AbstractWe describe a new simple reconstruction for neglected chronic ruptures of patellar tendon using ipsilateral hamstrings tendon autograft. This has been validated in thirteen patients with mean follow up six years resulting in favorable outcome. Thirteen patients with mean age 58.2 years (range 30–64 years) presented with chronic patellar tendon rupture. They all underwent patellar tendon reconstruction using ipsilateral hamstrings tendon autograft. The average time from injury was 10 months (range 3–20 months). The cause of rupture was fall from height or after TKA and the preoperative Lysholm score was 65 (range 50–80). Postoperatively with a mean follow up of six years (range 5–7 years), all patients had a stable knee with mean flexion of 123°, extension lag 0°, and Insall-Salvati index 1.2. Quadriceps power was regained in 8 cases to 5/5 and in 5 cases to 4/5. No complications were inspected. The postoperative Lysholm score was 93 (range 89–95). Patellar tendon reconstruction using ipsilateral hamstrings as free autograft, consists an effective treatment option for chronic neglected patellar tendon ruptures. Our technique has favorable clinical outcome, complications are not expected, and consist a simple and anatomic reconstruction with a powerful graft, without the requirement for allograft or implants.