bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Energy‐Tailorable Spin‐Selective Multifunctional Metasurfaces with Full Fourier Components
Authors: Liu Wenwei , Li Zhancheng , Li Zhi , Cheng Hua , Tang Chengchun , Li Junjie , Chen Shuqi , Tian Jianguo 
Published: June 2019

AbstractCompact integrated multifunctional metasurface that can deal with concurrent tasks represent one of the most profound research fields in modern optics. Such integration is expected to have a striking impact on minimized optical systems in applications such as optical communication and computation. However, arbitrary multifunctional spin‐selective design with precise energy configuration in each channel is still a challenge, and suffers from intrinsic noise and complex designs. Here, a design principle is proposed to realize energy tailorable multifunctional metasurfaces, in which the functionalities can be arbitrarily designed if the channels have no or weak interference in k‐space. A design strategy is demostrated here with high‐efficiency dielectric nanopillars that can modulate full Fourier components of the optical field. The spin‐selective behavior of the dielectric metasurfaces is also investigated, which originates from the group effect introduced by numerous nanopillar arrays. This approach provides straightforward rules to control the functionality channels in the integrated metasurfaces, and paves the way for efficient concurrent optical communication.
Palladium‐Catalyzed Annulation of Aryltriazoles and Arylisoxazoles with Alkynes
Authors: Yuan Hairui , Wang Min , Xu Zhenghu , Gao Hongyin 
Published: June 2019

AbstractWe developed herein a palladium‐catalyzed annulation of aryltriazoles and arylisoxazoles with internal alkynes via C−H bond activation process. 4,5‐disubstituted‐3H‐naphtho[1,2‐d][1,2,3]triazoles and 4,5‐disubstituted‐naphtho[2,1‐d]isoxazoles could be afforded in good yields, respectively. The starting materials are readily available and the scope and applications of this transformation were explored. The reaction offers a practical approach to naphthalene fused heterocycles.magnified image
Self‐Healing Hydrogels: The Next Paradigm Shift in Tissue Engineering?
Authors: Talebian Sepehr , Mehrali Mehdi , Taebnia Nayere , Pennisi Cristian Pablo , Kadumudi Firoz Babu , Foroughi Javad , Hasany Masoud , Nikkhah Mehdi , Akbari Mohsen , Orive Gorka , Dolatshahi‐Pirouz Alireza 
Published: June 2019

AbstractGiven their durability and long‐term stability, self‐healable hydrogels have, in the past few years, emerged as promising replacements for the many brittle hydrogels currently being used in preclinical or clinical trials. To this end, the incompatibility between hydrogel toughness and rapid self‐healing remains unaddressed, and therefore most of the self‐healable hydrogels still face serious challenges within the dynamic and mechanically demanding environment of human organs/tissues. Furthermore, depending on the target tissue, the self‐healing hydrogels must comply with a wide range of properties including electrical, biological, and mechanical. Notably, the incorporation of nanomaterials into double‐network hydrogels is showing great promise as a feasible way to generate self‐healable hydrogels with the above‐mentioned attributes. Here, the recent progress in the development of multifunctional and self‐healable hydrogels for various tissue engineering applications is discussed in detail. Their potential applications within the rapidly expanding areas of bioelectronic hydrogels, cyborganics, and soft robotics are further highlighted.
In Situ Mechanical Analysis of the Nanoscopic Solid Electrolyte Interphase on Anodes of Li‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Moeremans Boaz , Cheng Hsiu‐Wei , Merola Claudia , Hu Qingyun , Oezaslan Mehtap , Safari Mohammadhosein , Van Bael Marlies K. , Hardy An , Valtiner Markus , Renner Frank Uwe 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe interfacial decomposition products forming the so‐called solid–electrolyte interphase (SEI) significantly determine the destiny of a Li‐ion battery. Ultimate knowledge of its detailed behavior and better control are required for higher rates, longer life‐time, and increased safety. Employing an electrochemical surface force apparatus, it is possible to control the growth and to investigate the mechanical properties of an SEI in a lithium‐ion battery environment. This new approach is here introduced on a gold model system and reveals a compressible film at all stages of SEI growth. The demonstrated methodology provides a unique tool for analyzing electrochemical battery interfaces, in particular in view of alternative electrolyte formulations and artificial interfaces.
An Interfacial Solar Heating Assisted Liquid Sorbent Atmospheric Water Generator
Authors: Wang Xueyang , Li Xiuqiang , Liu Guoliang , Li Jinlei , Hu Xiaozhen , Xu Ning , Zhao Wei , Zhu Bin , Zhu Jia 
Published: June 2019

AbstractHarvesting water from air is a promising strategy for fresh‐water production, and it is particularly desirable for areas that lack direct access to clean water. While high‐concentration liquid sorbent is well‐known for high sorption, it has not been widely used for atmospheric water collection, being primarily limited by the difficulty in desorption. Interfacial solar heating based on a salt‐resistant GO‐based aerogel is now shown to enable a high‐concentration liquid sorbent (CaCl2 50 wt % solution) based atmospheric water generator. Fresh water (2.89 kg m−2 day−1) can be produced at about 70 % relative humidity, with only solar energy input and energy efficiency of desorption as high as 66.9 %. This low‐cost and effective approach provides an attractive pathway to extract water from air, to relieve the thirst of arid, land‐locked, and other areas where fresh water is scarce.
Electro‐conductive modification of polyethylene terephthalate fabric with nano carbon black and washing fastness improvement by dopamine self‐polymerized layer
Authors: Keshavarz Amir Hossein , Mohseni Mahsa , Montazer Majid 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACTModification of textiles with new applications target such as electroconductive fabrics has recently attracted researchers. In this article, carbon black nanoparticles (CB NPs) were applied to polyester fabric through two separate high temperature (HT) exhaustion processing with NaOH and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) as alkali hydrolysis catalyst and dispersing agents. To improve the stability of CB NPs on the fabric a self‐polymerized compound, dopamine (DA) was used in a simple dipping method at room temperature for 24 h to form a thin layer of PDA on CB NPs‐treated fabric. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) was used to study the morphology of the fabrics confirming presence of CB NPs. EDX and mapping patterns showed the percentage and distribution of carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen elements on the fabric surface. The treated fabric indicated an electrical resistance of 14 kΩ turns a LED device on with a 10 V power supply. Self‐polymerized DA on the fabric surface led to more nitrogen and oxygen caused higher CB NPs stability. Furthermore, the tensile strength results revealed a 25.8% lower tenacity on the treated fabric. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 48035.
Low fractal dimension modified drilling‐hole wall for PTFE high‐frequency board copper plating with plasma treatment
Authors: Zhou Guoyun , Gou Xueping , Jin Xiaofeng , Wang Shuai , He Wei , Wang Shouxu , Deng Longjiang , Chen Shijin , Liu Gen 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACTThe development of fifth generation communication has raised the demand of advanced polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) board in high‐frequency signal transmission. Drilling holes are fabricated on PTFE substrate for subsequent copper plating to achieve interlayer electrical connection between the thin dielectric layers. In this article, we propose O2/CF4 plasma treatment to clean the after‐drilling PTFE hole, achieving highly activated surface for following copper plating. The plating results, in contrast with control experiments which were performed without plasma treatment, demonstrate multiple advantages of O2/CF4 plasma treatment including qualified copper plating, excellent thermal shock reliability, and improved wettability. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis for plasma‐treated samples confirms the emergence of hydrophilic groups such CO and COO/COF on PTFE hole wall. In addition, optimized parameters with particle gas flow combination and process time were obtained through parameter sweeping. The best qualified sample was associated with the lowest roughness (fractal dimension) of PTFE hole wall, indicating its promising application in high‐frequency signal transmission in PTFE board. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 48052.
Evaluation of a modified spray‐applied interfacial polymerization method for preparation of nanofiltration membranes
Authors: Morales‐Cuevas José Braulio , Pérez‐Sicairos Sergio , Lin Shui Wai , Salazar‐Gastélum Moisés Israel 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACTNanofiltration (NF) membranes were fabricated by using piperazine (PIP) and trimesoyl chloride (TMC) by conventional and spray‐applied interfacial polymerization methods, studying the effect of the application method for both phases, the number of applied layers, and the displacement speed for the spray application. A polysulfone ultrafiltration membrane was used as support. NF membranes were characterized by different spectroscopic, microscopic, and physicochemical techniques. Rejection capacity was evaluated for sodium chloride (NaCl), sodium sulfate (Na2SO4), and magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) salts; the decreasing rejection order was Na2SO4 > MgSO4 > NaCl for each NF membrane. NF membrane prepared with one layer of the sprayed out TMC solution and conventional application of PIP solution exhibited the highest salt rejection (99% for 1000 ppm Na2SO4) and a permeated flux of 10.28 L m−2 h−1 at 0.55 MPa. The modified method is a facile‐reproducible preparation methodology that reduces the consumption of time, effort, and reagents leading to a scalable manufacturing process for separation technology. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 48129.
3D conservation planning: Including aquifer protection in freshwater plans refines priorities without much additional effort
Authors: Linke Simon , Turak Eren , Asmyhr Maria Gulbrandsen , Hose Grant 
Published: June 2019

AbstractGroundwater has very rarely been included in modern systematic conservation planning methods that identify key areas for protection of aquatic organisms.Three conservation plans were developed for aquatic ecosystems in the Hunter Valley, NSW, Australia using the planning software Marxan: one model for rivers and wetlands and two that consider groundwater ecosystems. The first of these groundwater inclusive models included aquifers in the initial planning process; the second retrofitted groundwater onto an existing conservation plan.The results demonstrate that, if groundwater protection was included at the planning stage, the overall land that was needed only increased marginally. When included, groundwater protection led to an emphasis on groundwater recharge zones.A posterioriinclusion of GW protections, however, yielded a 30% increase in surface area needing protection.We conclude that groundwater can be included in conservation planning but it is much more efficient to do so at the beginning of the planning process.The next step is to refine the planning methods by including data on groundwater‐dependent organisms, either by genetic means or novel statistical techniques, and hence using a direct biotic signal instead of environmental surrogates.
Quantification of a cell culture contaminant using 16S rDNA
Authors: Xu Xuebo , Lai Yueyang , Zhou Wenzhao , Wu Leyang , Hua Zichun 
Published: June 2019

AbstractIn this study, we identified a “black dot”‐like cell culture contaminant as a species belonging to the genus of Pusillimonas using 16S rDNA sequencing. Among all antibiotics tested, a combinatorial treatment of ampicillin and gentamicin both at 100 µg/mL was able to eliminate this contaminant. The contaminant was then visualized by fluorescence microscopy using propidium iodide staining and was found inside the cytosol of contaminated A549 cells. To characterize the efficacy of antibiotics for contaminant removal, we devised a quantitative method to determine the average number of 16S rDNA copies associated with a single A549 cell, which is directly proportional to the average number of contaminant per A549 cell. By using primers specific to the 16S rDNA sequence of the contaminant, we were able to estimate contaminants per single contaminated cell using both qPCR‐based relative and absolute quantification.
Trichloroethylene in drinking water throughout gestation did not produce congenital heart defects in Sprague Dawley rats
Authors: DeSesso John M. , Coder Prägati S. , York Raymond G. , Budinsky Robert A. , Pottenger Lynn H. , Sen Shiladitya , Lucarell Joelle M. , Bevan Christopher , Bus James S. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackgroundTrichloroethylene (TCE) was negative for developmental toxicity after inhalation and oral gavage exposure of pregnant rats but fetal cardiac defects were reported following drinking water exposure throughout gestation. Because of the deficiencies in this latter study, we performed another drinking water study to evaluate whether TCE causes heart defects.MethodsGroups of 25 mated Sprague Dawley rats consumed water containing 0, 0.25, 1.5, 500, or 1,000 ppm TCE from gestational day 1–21. TCE concentrations were measured at daily formulation, when placed into water bottles each day and when water bottles were removed from cages. Four additional mated rats per group were used for plasma measurements. At termination, fetal hearts were carefully dissected fresh and examined.ResultsAll TCE concentrations were >90% of target when initially placed in water bottles and when bottles were placed on cages. All dams survived with no clinical signs. Rats in the two higher dose groups consumed less water/day than other groups but showed no changes in maternal or fetal weights. The only fetal cardiac observation was small (<1 mm) membranous ventricular septal defect occurring in all treated and water control groups; incidences were within the range of published findings for naive animals. TCE was not detected in maternal blood, but systemic exposure was confirmed by detecting its primary oxidative metabolite, trichloroacetic acid, although only at levels above the quantitation limit in the two higher dose groups.ConclusionsIngesting TCE in drinking water ≤1,000 ppm throughout gestation does not cause cardiac defects in rat offspring.
Sentence processing is modulated by the current linguistic environment and a priori information: An fMRI study
Authors: Weber Kirsten , Micheli Cristiano , Ruigendijk Esther , Rieger Jochem W. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractIntroductionWords are not processed in isolation but in rich contexts that are used to modulate and facilitate language comprehension. Here, we investigate distinct neural networks underlying two types of contexts, the current linguistic environment and verb‐based syntactic preferences.MethodsWe had two main manipulations. The first was the current linguistic environment, where the relative frequencies of two syntactic structures (prepositional object [PO] and double‐object [DO]) would either follow everyday linguistic experience or not. The second concerned the preference toward one or the other structure depending on the verb; learned in everyday language use and stored in memory. German participants were reading PO and DO sentences in German while brain activity was measured with functional magnetic resonance imaging.ResultsFirst, the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) showed a pattern of activation that integrated the current linguistic environment with everyday linguistic experience. When the input did not match everyday experience, the unexpected frequent structure showed higher activation in the ACC than the other conditions and more connectivity from the ACC to posterior parts of the language network. Second, verb‐based surprisal of seeing a structure given a verb (PO verb preference but DO structure presentation) resulted, within the language network (left inferior frontal and left middle/superior temporal gyrus) and the precuneus, in increased activation compared to a predictable verb‐structure pairing.ConclusionIn conclusion, (1) beyond the canonical language network, brain areas engaged in prediction and error signaling, such as the ACC, might use the statistics of syntactic structures to modulate language processing, (2) the language network is directly engaged in processing verb preferences. These two networks show distinct influences on sentence processing.
Opening up the firm: What explains participation and effort in voluntary carbon disclosure by global businesses? An analysis of internal firm factors and dynamics
Authors: Hsueh Lily 
Published: June 2019

AbstractA voluntary climate initiative that has emerged over the past two decades as an institutional arrangement for corporations around the globe to signal and demonstrate their proactive climate leadership is the CDP (formerly known as the Carbon Disclosure Project). Unlike the extant literature that has emphasized stakeholder and regulatory pressures, this paper argues that voluntary carbon disclosure is both beneficial and costly for corporations with respect to the existence of supportive management structures, explicit CSR practices, and the existence of complementary assets. Moreover, there is variation between European firms and other global businesses because of Europe's distinctive national business systems framework in conjunction with global supply chain imperatives. Empirically, this study employs a novel discrete‐continuous modeling approach to distinguish between a corporation's decision to disclose and the linked but subsequent decision of how much to disclose climate change information. Results indicate that the main drivers of participation in voluntary carbon disclosure by the Global 500 firms is the existence of senior managers and executive‐level officers and the adoption of ESG principles by global businesses. Conditional on participation, European Union‐based and other global businesses that articulate a corporate vision for environmental sustainability, adopt ESG principles, and invest in complementary assets disclose climate change strategies and emissions at higher levels than companies without these internal firm capabilities. This study has implications for national climate policy and global climate change governance more generally, both of which increasingly focus on concrete climate solutions by corporations.
Prognostic value of neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio and platelet‐to‐lymphocyte ratio for breast cancer patients: An updated meta‐analysis of 17079 individuals
Authors: Guo Wanying , Lu Xin , Liu Qipeng , Zhang Ting , Li Peng , Qiao Weiqiang , Deng Miao 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAimsThis study aimed to evaluate the prognostic effect of neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (PLR) for patients with breast cancer (BC).MethodsA literature search was performed by searching medical databases. Basic characteristics and prognostic data were extracted from included studies. Primary outcomes, such as overall survival (OS) and disease‐free survival (DFS), were synthesized and compared. Subgroup analyses were performed according to pathology, geographical region, cut‐off value, and tumor progression.ResultsA total of 39 studies comprising 17079 BC patients were included in this meta‐analysis. Among them, 28 studies with 142 64 BC patients investigated predicting role of NLR for OS, showing elevated NLR were associated poor prognosis (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.78, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.49‐2.13, P < 0.001). Twenty‐seven studies containing 115 04 patients explored the role of NLR in predicting DFS, showing elevated NLR was associated with poor DFS with HR of 1.60 (95% CI: 1.42‐1.96, P < 0.001). Twelve studies explored the role of PLR in predicting OS, showing patients with higher PLR were associated with a significantly worse prognosis with a pooled HR of 1.32 (95% CI: 1.11‐1.57, P = 0.002). Eleven studies with 5013 patients shown patients with elevated PLR were associated shorter DFS (HR: 1.43, 95% CI: 1.09‐1.86, P = 0.009). Subgroup analyses shown a greater magnitude of association between NLR and OS in triple‐negative BC patients than in HER2‐positive ones.ConclusionsOur study suggested that elevated NLR and PLR were associated with poor OS as well as high risk of recurrence for BC patients. Subgroup analyses confirmed the prognostic effect of NLR and PLR in HER2‐positive BC patients. As easily accessible parameters, NLR and PLR should be identified as useful biomarkers in the management of BC.
Advanced cancer patients’ understanding of prognostic information: Applying insights from psychological research
Authors: Derry Heather M. , Reid M. Carrington , Prigerson Holly G. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractPurposeInformed medical decision‐making at the end of life often requires engaging in highly emotional, potentially upsetting discussions about prognosis, while ensuring that patients grasp its personal meaning. Behavioral science offers insights into ways to promote prognostic understanding among patients with advanced cancer.SummaryIn this literature review, we synthesize complementary findings from basic behavioral science and applied clinical research, which suggest that psychological factors can significantly influence both patients’ clinical interactions and their prognostic understanding. For example, stress and emotion can affect cognition, which may shape how patients process complex medical information. Additionally, clinicians may be less likely to share prognostic information with distressed patients who, in turn, may be hesitant to ask about their prognosis for fear of the answer. Although traditional approaches for increasing advanced cancer patients’ understanding focus on improving information delivery, these efforts may not be sufficient without corresponding interventions that assist patients in managing distress.ConclusionsPsychological barriers may limit opportunities for patients to fully understand their prognosis and to receive high quality of end‐of‐life care that is linked with an accurate understanding of their disease and treatment options. Failure to attend to patients’ emotional distress may undermine efforts to improve medical communication. This underscores the importance of increased attention to the psychological factors that impede patients’ comprehension of material shared in cancer clinic visits, in order to inform interventions that address patient distress both before and after receiving “bad news." Integrating findings from psychological research into prognostic discussions may not only improve advanced cancer patients’ mental health, but may also promote their ability to make informed, value‐consistent medical decisions.