bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Grain-size distribution unmixing using the R package EMMAgeo
Authors: Dietze Elisabeth , Dietze Michael 
Published: May 2019

Abstract. The analysis of grain-size distributions has a long tradition in
Quaternary Science and disciplines studying Earth surface and subsurface
deposits. The decomposition of multi-modal grain-size distributions into
inherent subpopulations, commonly termed end-member modelling analysis
(EMMA), is increasingly recognised as a tool to infer the underlying
sediment sources, transport and (post-)depositional processes. Most of the
existing deterministic EMMA approaches are only able to deliver one out of
many possible solutions, thereby shortcutting uncertainty in model
parameters. Here, we provide user-friendly computational protocols that
support deterministic as well as robust (i.e. explicitly accounting for
incomplete knowledge about input parameters in a probabilistic approach)
EMMA, in the free and open software framework of R. In addition, and going beyond previous validation tests, we compare the
performance of available grain-size EMMA algorithms using four real-world
sediment types, covering a wide range of grain-size distribution shapes
(alluvial fan, dune, loess and floodplain deposits). These were randomly
mixed in the lab to produce a synthetic data set. Across all algorithms, the
original data set was modelled with mean R2 values of 0.868 to 0.995
and mean absolute deviation (MAD) values of 0.06 % vol to 0.34 % vol. The original
grain-size distribution shapes were modelled as end-member loadings with
mean R2 values of 0.89 to 0.99 and MAD of 0.04 % vol to 0.17 % vol. End-member scores reproduced the original mixing ratios in the
synthetic data set with mean R2 values of 0.68 to 0.93 and MAD
of 0.1 % vol to 1.6 % vol. Depending on the validation criteria, all models
provided reliable estimates of the input data, and each of the models
exhibits individual strengths and weaknesses. Only robust EMMA allowed uncertainties of the end-members to
be objectively estimated and expert knowledge to be included in the end-member definition. Yet, end-member interpretation should
carefully consider the geological and sedimentological meaningfulness in
terms of sediment sources, transport and deposition as well as
post-depositional alteration of grain sizes. EMMA might also be powerful in
other geoscientific contexts where the goal is to unmix sources and
processes from compositional data sets.
Contrasting large fire activity in the French Mediterranean
Authors: Ganteaume Anne , Barbero Renaud 
Published: May 2019

Abstract. In the French Mediterranean, large fires have significant socioeconomic and
environmental impacts. We used a long-term georeferenced fire time series
(1958–2017) to analyze both spatial and temporal distributions of large
fires (LFs; ≥100 ha). The region was impacted in some locations up to
six
times by recurrent LFs and 21 % of the total area burned by LFs occurred on
a surface that previously burned in the past, with potential impact on
forest resilience. We found contrasting patterns between the east and the
west of the study area, the former experiencing fewer LFs but of a larger
extent compared to the latter, with an average time of occurrence between LFs
exceeding 4000 ha < 7 years mostly in the eastern coastal area and
> 50 years in the west. This longitudinal gradient in LF return
level contrasts with what we would expect from mean fire weather conditions
strongly decreasing eastwards during the fire season but is consistent with
larger fuel cover in the east, highlighting the strong role of fuel
continuity in fire spread. Additionally, our analysis confirms the sharp
decrease in both LF frequency and burned area in the early 1990s, due to the
efficiency of fire suppression and prevention reinforced at that time,
thereby weakening the functional climate–fire relationship across the
region.
Preaching Christ: John Wesley's Definition of the Gospel, 1746–51
Authors: Ganske Karl 
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACT
John Wesley defined ‘the gospel’, discussed its meaning and consequences, and gave instructions for preaching the gospel during the period 1746–51. These thoughts were articulated alongside a synchronization of concepts, including the reign of God in the heart, the Kingdom of God, the new covenant, and gospel's relationship to law. Wesley's definition of the gospel was presented within an evangelical conversation that was, at the same time, both an effort to maintain unity as co-labourers in a shared movement and a controversial discussion. Wesley portrayed his definition of the gospel as a contrasting understanding to others within that evangelical identity.
‘Shew Us Thy Salvation’: Charles Wesley and the Liturgical Year
Authors: Tucker Karen B. Westerfield 
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACT
Charles Wesley's objection to his brother John's reduction of ‘holy days’ in the latter's abridgement of the Book of Common Prayer entitled The Sunday Service of the Methodists (1784) suggests that Charles valued the Church of England's temporal and sanctoral cycles. To understand this appreciation for the Church's liturgical calendar, Charles's literary output from 1736 to 1756 is examined, a period that corresponds to the time frame of Charles's manuscript journal. The journal itself serves as a source of investigation as do the hymns related to the Christian year that Charles published between 1739 and 1746. Analysis is made of representative hymns to determine Charles's use of, by allusion and/or direct reference, the scripture readings and collects specified by the Prayer Book for Christmas, Epiphany, Easter, Ascension, and Whitsunday. The study reveals Charles's admiration for festival days as occasions to demonstrate God's ongoing desire for human salvation.
BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF ESSENTIAL OIL OF PITANGA (Eugenia uniflora L.) LEAVES
Authors: Sviech Fernanda , Pianoski Karlos Eduardo , Kruger Roberta Letícia , Kotovicz Valesca , Molardi Bainy Eduarda M. Bainy , Sakata Guilherme Shigueru Barbosa , Mesomo Bombardelli Michele Cristiane 
Published: May 2019

Natural extracts present antioxidant activity and can replace synthetic antioxidants. This study aimed to extract essential oil from Pitanga (Eugenia uniflora L.) leaves and evaluate its chemical composition, as well as antioxidant and antibacterial activities. The essential oil was obtained by hydrodistillation for 3 hours with a yield of 1.34 ± 0.18 %. The total antioxidant activity was evaluated by the DPPH and phosphomolybdenum methods. The oil presented an IC50 value of 100.96 µL mL‑1 and 1503.44 ± 29.48 mg α‑tocopherol mL-1 of oil. The major compounds identified by the GC-MS were germacrone (13.57%), spathulenol (7.49%), curzerene (5.31%) and α-cadinol (4.70%). The oil was also evaluated for its antimicrobial activity and was effective against Staphylococcus aureus. These results show that essential oil of pitanga leaves have good antioxidant and antimicrobial activity, being an alternative source of bioactive compounds.
Etnografía asociada al pavo doméstico en el entorno de Perín (Cartagena)
Authors: Ortega Madrid Juan 
Published: May 2019

El trabajo muestra un estudio descriptivo sobre diferentes aspectos etnográficos relacionados con el pavo doméstico (Meleagris gallopavo) en el entorno de la diputación cartagenera de Perín. Comienza con un apartado de avicultura tradicional donde se muestran aspectos sobre manejo, reproducción, alimentación, alojamiento, etnoveterinaria, cría y engorde. Se prosigue describiendo la forma típica de matanza y de consumo de sus carnes. A continuación, se realiza un repaso sobre costumbres, juegos, cuentos de tradición oral y fraseología. Igualmente se muestran los abundantes paralelos etno- gráficos, existentes en la misma zona, con el ganado porcino.
The work shows a descriptive study on different ethnographic aspects related to the domestic turkey (Meleagris gallopavo) in the area of Perín (Cartagena). It begins with a section of traditional poultry farming where aspects on management, reproduction, feeding, lodging, ethnoveterinary, breeding and fattening are shown. It continues describing the typical way of slaughter and consumption of their meats. Next, a review of customs, games, folk tales and phraseology is made. Also abundant ethnographic parallels with pigs in the same area are shown.
La Antropología Social en el contexto académico. Marco universitario, opiniones de los antropólogos y reflexiones sobre su relación interdisciplinar
Authors: Muñoz Sánchez Práxedes , Rodes García Joaquín 
Published: May 2019

Este artículo aborda la relación existente entre la Antropología Social y sus disciplinas vecinas desde una aproximación que integra perspectivas diferentes. En primer lugar se analiza el marco universitario, prestando atención a los decretos que delimitan la Antropología Social en el ámbito de las Humanidades, Ciencias Sociales y Jurídicas. En segundo lugar se analizan las opiniones recogidas de una muestra de antropólogos en relación con el informe Presente y futuro de la Antropología Social y cultural española: a partir de las reflexiones sobre niveles de asociación científico-académica entre áreas de conocimiento. La parte final retoma la información anterior para elaborar la reflexión sobre la relación interdisciplinar, centrándose en los nexos de unión entre la Antropología Social y las disciplinas identificadas como más significativas.
This article deals with the relationship between Social Anthropology and neighbouring disciplines from an approach that integrates different perspectives. Firstly, the university framework is analyzed, paying attention to those legislative texts defining the Social Anthropology in the field of Humanities, Social and Legal Sciences. Secondly, opinions collected from a sample of anthropologists relating to the report Presente y futuro de la Antropología Social y cultural española: a partir de las reflexiones sobre niveles de asociación científico-académica entre áreas de conocimiento are analyzed as well. The final part considers the previous information to elaborate the reflection on the interdisciplinary relationship, focusing on the links between Social Anthropology and the disciplines identified as most significant.
Bidrag til kritikken af det nye kvalitetssikringssystem for videnskabelig viden - Om økonomi, ledelse og deres skadelige indflydelse
Authors: Sørensen Asger 
Published: May 2019

Bidrag til kritikken af det nye kvalitetssikringssystem
for videnskabelig viden
- Om økonomi, ledelse og deres skadelige indflydelse
Adsorption of thallium(I) on rutile nano-titanium dioxide and environmental implications
Authors: Zhang Weilong , Wu Yang , Wang Jin , Liu Juan , Lu Haifeng , Zhai Shuijing , Zhong Qiaohui , Liu Siyu , Zhong Wanying , Huang Chunling , Yu Xiaoxiang , Zhang Wenhui , Chen Yongheng 
Published: May 2019

Rutile nano-titanium dioxide (RNTD) characterized by loose particles with diameter in 20–50 nm has a very large surface area for adsorption of Tl, a typical trace metal that has severe toxicity. The increasing application of RNTD and widespread discharge of Tl-bearing effluents from various industrial activities would increase the risk of their co-exposure in aquatic environments. The adsorption behavior of Tl(I) (a prevalent form of Tl in nature) on RNTD was studied as a function of solution pH, temperature, and ion strength. Adsorption isotherms, kinetics, and thermodynamics for Tl(I) were also investigated. The adsorption of Tl(I) on RNTD started at very low pH values and increased abruptly, then maintained at high level with increasing pH >9. Uptake of Tl(I) was very fast on RNTD in the first 15 min then slowed down. The adsorption of Tl(I) on RNTD was an exothermic process; and the adsorption isotherm of Tl(I) followed the Langmuir model, with the maximum adsorption amount of 51.2 mg/g at room temperature. The kinetics of Tl adsorption can be described by a pseudo-second-order equation. FT-IR spectroscopy revealed that -OH and -TiOO-H play an important role in the adsorption. All these results indicate that RNTD has a fast adsorption rate and excellent adsorption amount for Tl(I), which can thus alter the transport, bioavailability and fate of Tl(I) in aqueous environment.
Expression of ICOSL is associated with decreased survival in invasive breast cancer
Authors: Wang Bin , Jiang Huayong , Zhou Tingyang , Ma Ning , Liu Wei , Wang Yajie , Zuo Li 
Published: May 2019

BackgroundInducible co-stimulator (ICOS) is a CD28-related molecule exclusively expressed on activated T cells and plays a critical role in modulating the immune response in breast cancer. The blockage of ICOS pathway has been shown to inhibit the activity of Type 2 T helper cells, thus potentially protecting against cancer growth. The current study aims to investigate the correlation between inducible co-stimulator ligand (ICOSL) expression in tumor tissues and the prognoses of patients with invasive breast cancer.MethodsTumor samples from 562 Chinese patients with invasive breast carcinomas were collected between 2003 and 2010. The expression of ICOSL on breast tumor and adjacent non-cancerous tissue was determined via immunohistochemistry. The overall survival (OS) of patients with positive and negative ICOSL expression were described using Kaplan–Meier curves, respectively. Parametric correlation method was used to analyze the correlation between ICOSL expression and other clinicopathological parameters. ICOSL was selected as a dependent variable for multivariate analysis.ResultsPositive ICOSL expression was identified on the plasma membrane in both cytoplasm and the nucleus of breast cancer cells. Membrane-expressed ICOSL is determined as an independent prognostic factor for OS in breast cancer but without significantly correlating with other clinicopathologic parameters such as age, menopausal status, depth of invasion, lymph node metastasis status, histologic classification, etc.ConclusionOur study suggests that the up-regulated expression of ICOSL protein in breast tumor cells can be associated with poor prognoses in invasive breast carcinomas.
Prevalence of Bacterial and Fungal Isolates Associated with Road Traffic Accident In-patients in General Hospitals in Niger State
Authors: Chukwuka P. T. , Garba S. A. , Abalaka M. E. , Chukwu V. C. 
Published: May 2019

Aim: This study was carried out to determine the prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of bacteria and fungi isolated from wounds of in-patients with road traffic accidents at four General hospitals in Niger State.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Microbiology, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Nigeria, between October 2017 and May 2018.
Methodology: Wound swabs were taken twice per patient, first swab at contact and second swab taken seven days post wound dressing. The outcome of 1000 wound swabs taken from 409 (267 male and 142 female) in-patients with road traffic accident wound treated in the General hospitals Bida, Minna, Kontagora and Suleja areas of Niger State, Nigeria.
Results: The results showed that 405 (40.5%) samples were positive for bacteria and fungi pathogens while 595 (59.5%) were negative. 262 (80.6%) swabs yielded single isolates while 46 (14.2%) yielded double organisms and 17 (5.2%) yielded three or more organisms. Of the 405 positive cultures, 347 (85.7%) were bacterial isolates while 58 (14.3%) were fungal isolates. Staphylococcus aureus predominates (37.7%), followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (15.6%), E. coli (11.4%), Streptococcus pyogenes (9.4%), Bacillus subtillis (7.2%), Klebsiella pneumonia (4.4%), Aspergillus niger (4.2%), Candida albicans (3.7%), Aspergillus flavus (2.7%), Candida pseudotropicallis (2.2%) and Mucor pusillus (1.5%).
Conclusion: Most bacterial isolates were sensitive to Levofloxacin, Ciprofloxacin, Streptomycin and Gentamycin, while others showed some degree of resistance to the remaining antibiotics. Klebsiella pneumoniae showed the highest resistance to all the antibiotics used. All the fungi isolated were highly sensitive to the antifungal drugs used except Griseofulvin.
An Autotransferable g‐C3N4 Li+‐Modulating Layer toward Stable Lithium Anodes
Authors: Guo Yanpeng , Niu Ping , Liu Yayuan , Ouyang Yan , Li Dian , Zhai Tianyou , Li Huiqiao , Cui Yi 
Published: May 2019

AbstractCommercial deployment of lithium anodes has been severely impeded by the poor battery safety, unsatisfying cycling lifespan, and efficiency. Recently, building artificial interfacial layers over a lithium anode was regarded as an effective strategy to stabilize the electrode. However, the fabrications reported so far have mostly been conducted directly upon lithium foil, often requiring stringent reaction conditions with indispensable inert environment protection and highly specialized reagents due to the high reactivity of metallic lithium. Besides, the uneven lithium‐ion flux across the lithium surface should be more powerfully tailored via mighty interfacial layer materials. Herein, g‐C3N4 is employed as a Li+‐modulating material and a brand‐new autotransferable strategy to fabricate this interfacial layer for Li anodes without any inert atmosphere protection and limitation of chemical regents is developed. The g‐C3N4 film is filtrated on the separator in air using a common alcohol solution and then perfectly autotransferred to the lithium surface by electrolyte wetting during normal cell assembly. The abundant nitrogen species within g‐C3N4 nanosheets can form transient LiN bonds to powerfully stabilize the lithium‐ion flux and thus enable a CE over 99% for 900 cycles and smooth deposition at high current densities and capacities, surpassing most previous works.
Mg Deficiency in Grain Boundaries of n‐Type Mg3Sb2 Identified by Atom Probe Tomography
Authors: Kuo Jimmy Jiahong , Yu Yuan , Kang Stephen Dongmin , Cojocaru‐Mirédin Oana , Wuttig Matthias , Snyder G. Jeffrey 
Published: May 2019

AbstractHighly resistive grain boundaries significantly reduce the electrical conductivity that compromises the thermoelectric figure‐of‐merit zT in n‐type polycrystalline Mg3Sb2. In this work, discovered is a Mg deficiency near grain boundaries using atom‐probe tomography. Approximately 5 at% of Mg deficiency is observed uniformly in a 10 nm region along the grain boundary without any evidence of a stable secondary or impurity phase. The off‐stoichiometry can prevent n‐type dopants from providing electrons, lowering the local carrier concentration near the grain boundary and thus the local conductivity. This observation explains how nanometer scale compositional variations can dramatically determine thermoelectric zT, and provides concrete strategies to reduce grain‐boundary resistance and increase zT in Mg3Sb2‐based materials.
Biomass‐based chemical production using techno‐economic and life cycle analysis
Authors: Athaley Abhay , Saha Basudeb , Ierapetritou Marianthi 
Published: May 2019

AbstractFurfural has been selected as one of the top 30 biomass derived platform compounds by the U.S. Department of Energy based on several indicators including the raw material used for production, estimated processing cost, technical complexity, and market potential. In this work, several high value chemicals such as butadiene, surfactants, jet‐fuels, and lubricants are produced from furfural. The paper proposes the integrated flowsheet to produce those chemical and techno‐economic and life cycle analysis is performed to compare the minimum selling price and environmental impacts of the integrated process. The capital and operating cost for production of lubricants and surfactants is the highest when compared with other products. Production of surfactants performs the best in terms of environmental impacts except in water depletion when compared with other processes while butadiene production performs the worst regarding the environmental effects.
Toward unfolding the bioeconomy of nopal (Opuntia spp.)
Authors: Ciriminna Rosaria , Chavarría‐Hernández Norberto , Rodríguez‐Hernández Adriana I. , Pagliaro Mario 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBesides being a source of healthy food and water in arid and semi‐arid lands, the Opuntia cactus plant (nopal) provides unique ecosystem services. In the last decade the plant's cladodes, fruits, flowers, and byproducts have become a source of valued bioproducts, increasingly used in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, food, beverage, and nutraceutical industries. Following an updated examination of the new uses of nopal's biological resources, this study suggests avenues to overcome the main obstacles to unleashing the full potential of Opuntia's bioeconomy. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Late‐onset Wilson disease in older patient without ophthalmological findings, a case report
Authors: Yousefi Mehdi , Yousefi Masoud , Gharravi Anneh M. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractA 60‐year‐old man was referred to hospital for loss of consciousness. Her late‐onset Wilson disease was diagnosed with elevated serum bilirubin, hepatic copper concentration, and urinary copper excretion. Zinc sulfate administration decreased the majority of clinical symptoms.
Emission‐Color Control in Polymer Films by Memorized Fluorescence Solvatochromism in a New Class of Totally Organic Fluorescent Nanogel Particles
Authors: Yamada Nobuo , Noguchi Hiroki , Orimoto Yoshifumi , Kuwahara Yutaka , Takafuji Makoto , Pathan Shaheen , Oda Reiko , Mahammadali Rahimli Almara , Ahmed Ramazanov Mahammadali , Ihara Hirotaka 
Published: May 2019

AbstractIn this work, a new class of totally organic fluorescent nanogel particles and their exceptionally specific behaviors based on their unique structures are introduced, which draws a sharp line from conventional fluorophore‐doped and fluorophore‐branched‐type particles. The nanogel particles, the diameter of which could be controlled by adjusting reaction conditions, such as the solvent system, were spontaneously fabricated with a spherical shape by direct polymerization of non‐heterocyclic aromatic compounds, such as 2,6‐dihydroxyanthracene, 2,6‐dihydroxynaphthalene, and 9,9‐bis(4‐hydroxyphenyl)fluorene with triazinane as the cross‐linker. A fluorophoric moiety formed from a polymer main chain was realized in the particle, and consequently, the resultant content of the fluorophoric moiety was around 70–80 wt % per particle. The uniqueness and versatility of the particles can be emphasized by their good compatibility with various solvents due to their amphiphilic and ampholytic swelling properties, but also by their remarkable fluorescent solvatochromism in the dispersion state. Furthermore, these behaviors were preserved even in their polymer composite system. This study also demonstrates that various fluorescent polymer films can be fabricated with emission color control due to memorization of the solvatochromism phenomenon of the dispersed fluorescent nanoparticles.
A virtual assistant in cultural heritage scenarios
Authors: Cuomo Salvatore , Colecchia Giovanni , di Cola Vincenzo Schiano , Chirico Ugo 
Published: May 2019

SummaryNew technologies, tools, and methodologies have been used in the Cultural Heritage (CH) scenarios to assist the visitor to enrich and enjoy his experiences during the visit. Intelligent information systems based upon machine learning approaches have been specifically designed for CH to enhance the quality of services in art exhibitions and events. In this work, we show an innovative framework that can be specifically designed to help visitors during his/her visit by answering to their questions. We also describe a system architecture and a case study in a well‐defined CH context.