bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
L’OGGETTIVISMO DEBOLE DI KANT IN ESTETICA
Authors: TOMASI Gabriele 
Published: October 2019

Kant sostiene che il fondamento di determinazione dei giudizi di gusto è soggettivo, ossia è un sentimento di piacere o dispiacere. Questo non significa però che egli consideri tali giudizi come soggettivi. Distinguendo fra diversi significati di ‘soggettivo’ e ‘oggettivo’, in questo saggio si cerca di mostrare che attribuire a Kant una concezione soggettivista del gusto – per la quale pure non mancherebbero delle basi testuali – ha delle conseguenze che contrastano con altri aspetti della sua teoria. In particolare non si potrebbe rendere conto della possibilità di discussioni sul gusto, che Kant però ammette. Alla luce di questo dato e soprattutto del riconoscimento, da parte di Kant, di una norma ideale del gusto – il senso comune – si conclude che la concezione kantiana dei giudizi di gusto probabilmente è descritta in modo più appropriato, se la si considera come una forma debole, cioè non worlddirected, di oggettivismo.
O COSMOPOLITISMO DE KANT: DIREITO, POLÍTICA E NATUREZA
Authors: SCKELL Soraya Nour 
Published: October 2019

Neste ensaio, apresento o conceito de direito cosmopolita por Kant como o direito que considera o ser humano como um cidadão do mundo, independentemente do seu Estado. Analiso como o direito internacional atualmente protege a liberdade formalmente no nível cosmopolita no caso de dois instrumentos: a petição individual em questões de direitos humanos e direitos trabalhistas e a responsabilidade individual por crimes internacionais (que Kant tinha em vista com seu conceito de “direito cosmopolita”). Em seguida, analiso como a proteção da liberdade em dois fóruns internacionais exige o desenvolvimento de políticas específicas para a proteção de certos grupos, o que é amplamente motivado pelo monitoramento do trabalho desses fóruns por ONGs e outras associações civis. A partir dessa análise, mostro que o conceito kantiano de direito cosmopolita deve estar intrinsecamente ligado a questões de identidade (análise das desigualdades sociais e de como os papéis e estereótipos sociais são construídos), bem como ao conceito de cidadania cosmopolita como prática de associações transfronteiriças em lutas políticas (em vez de conceitos como “sociedade mundial” ou “consciência coletiva”). Uma via necessária a ser seguida é a ligação, desenvolvida pelo Professor Leonel Ribeiro dos Santos, entre o cosmopolitismo e o cosmos.
O PAPEL DA AFINIDADE TRANSCENDENTAL ENTRE OS FENÔMENOS NA TEORIA DO CONHECIMENTO KANTIANA
Authors: LORINI Gualtiero 
Published: October 2019

The article focuses on a concept placed at the core of the A-Deduction, of which the B-Version provides a different but not necessarily better exposition. It is the concept of “transcendental affinity” [transcendentale Affinität] (A 144). This concept is not present in the whole B-Edition of the KrV, and even the term “Affinity” does not appear in the B-Deduction, but only four times in the Transcendental Dialectic, and twice in the Discipline of the Pure Reason. In the economy of the A-Deduction, the concept of “transcendental affinity” plays a central role. It represents indeed the “thoroughgoing connection according to necessary laws” of all the possible phenomena. This connection is presupposed by transcendental consciousness insofar as it has a representation of these phenomena and their relationships, since what all the possible phenomena share is their determination in space and time according to the synthetic unity of the apperception. The concept of transcendental affinity between all the possible phenomena is intimately linked to imagination, which makes this affinity arise by reproducing a phenomenon in space and time according to the a priori laws of understanding. The necessary link between transcendental affinity and imagination represents an important passage in this paper. One goal is to point out that the implications of transcendental affinity are not rejected but rather deepened in the B-Deduction. On these assumptions, we consider the role of the “I think” in the B-Deduction, in order to claim that it implicitly relies upon the concept of transcendental affinity too. The last part of the paper aims to point out that the transcendental affinity between the phenomena describedin the A-Deduction is particularly apt to understand the unity of the representation of nature. To shed light on this point, we will deal with some significant passages from the Opus postumum.
A REPLY TO SERENA FELOJ ON THE POWERS OF PURE REASON
Authors: FERRARIN Alfredo 
Published: October 2019

I wish to thank Serena Feloj for her generous discussion of my book. I will try to answer her questions by beginning with the issue of influence. Serena asks if my interpretation of Kant is indebted to phenomenology (with regard to the dependence on givenness), and later she claims, this time without questions, that I reveal a debt to Hegel’s philosophy (on the notion of form). However intriguing and fruitful I may find relating Hegel and Husserl,2 there are certain discrepancies and theoretical differences in their respective views on the relation between thought and reality that are too obvious to ignore.
Delineating Turkic non-finite verb forms by syntactic function
Authors: Washington Jonathan North , Tyers Francis Morton 
Published: October 2019

In this paper, we argue against the primary categories of non-finite verb used in the Turkology literature: “participle” (причастие ‹pričastije›) and “converb” (деепричастие ‹dejepričastije›). We argue that both of these terms conflate several discrete phenomena, and that they furthermore are not coherent as umbrella terms for these phenomena. Based on detailed study of the non-finite verb morphology and syntax of a wide range of Turkic languages (presented here are Turkish, Kazakh, Kyrgyz, Tatar, Tuvan, and Sakha), we instead propose delineation of these categories according to their morphological and syntactic properties. Specifically, we propose that more accurate categories are verbal noun, verbal adjective, verbal adverb, and infinitive. This approach has far-reaching implications to the study of syntactic phenomena in Turkic languages, including phenomena ranging from relative clauses to clause chaining.
Subkiloparsec Imaging of Lyα Emission in a Low-mass, Highly Ionized, Gravitationally Lensed Galaxy at z = 1.84∗
Authors: Erb Dawn K. , Berg Danielle A. , Auger Matthew W. , Kaplan David L. , Brammer Gabriel , Pettini Max 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Low-mass, low-metallicity galaxies at low to moderate (z ≲ 3) redshifts offer the best opportunity for detailed examination of the interplay between massive stars, ionizing radiation and gas in sources similar to those that likely reionized the universe. We present new narrowband Hubble Space Telescope observations of

emission and the adjacent ultraviolet (UV) continuum in the low-mass (M
⋆ = 2 × 108

), low-metallicity (Z ∼ 1/20 Z⊙), and highly ionized gravitationally lensed galaxy SL2S J02176−0513 at z = 1.844. The galaxy has strong

emission with photometric equivalent width

, at odds with the

escape fraction of 10%. However, the spectroscopic

profile suggests the presence of broad absorption underlying the emission, and the total equivalent width is consistent with the escape fraction once this underlying absorption is included. The

emission is more spatially extended than the UV continuum, and the 0.″14 spatial resolution of HST coupled with the magnification of gravitational lensing enables us to examine the distribution of

and the UV continuum on subkiloparsec scales. We find that the peaks of the

emission and the UV continuum are offset by 650 pc, and there is no

emission arising from the region with the strongest UV light. Our combined spectroscopic and imaging data imply a significant range in neutral hydrogen column density across the object. These observations offer indirect support for a model in which ionizing radiation escapes from galaxies through channels with low column density of neutral gas.
KFPA Examinations of Young STellar Object Natal Environments (KEYSTONE): Hierarchical Ammonia Structures in Galactic Giant Molecular Clouds
Authors: Keown Jared , Francesco James Di , Rosolowsky Erik , Singh Ayushi , Figura Charles , Kirk Helen , Anderson L. D. , Chen Michael Chun-Yuan , Elia Davide , Friesen Rachel , Ginsburg Adam , Marston A. , Pezzuto Stefano , Schisano Eugenio , Bontemps Sylvain , Caselli Paola , Liu Hong-Li , Longmore Steven , Motte Frédérique , Myers Philip C. , Offner Stella S. R. , Sanhueza Patricio , Schneider Nicola , Stephens Ian , Urquhart James ,   the KEYSTONE collaboration
Published: October 2019

Abstract
We present initial results from the K-band Focal Plane Array Examinations of Young STellar Object Natal Environments survey, a large project on the 100 m Green Bank Telescope mapping ammonia emission across 11 giant molecular clouds at distances of 0.9–3.0 kpc (Cygnus X North, Cygnus X South, M16, M17, Mon R1, Mon R2, NGC 2264, NGC 7538, Rosette, W3, and W48). This data release includes the NH3 (1,1) and (2,2) maps for each cloud, which are modeled to produce maps of kinetic temperature, centroid velocity, velocity dispersion, and ammonia column density. Median cloud kinetic temperatures range from 11.4 ± 2.2 K in the coldest cloud (Mon R1) to 23.0 ± 6.5 K in the warmest cloud (M17). Using dendrograms on the NH3 (1,1) integrated intensity maps, we identify 856 dense gas clumps across the 11 clouds. Depending on the cloud observed, 40%–100% of the clumps are aligned spatially with filaments identified in H2 column density maps derived from spectral energy distribution fitting of dust continuum emission. A virial analysis reveals that 523 of the 835 clumps (∼63%) with mass estimates are bound by gravity alone. We find no significant difference between the virial parameter distributions for clumps aligned with the dust-continuum filaments and those unaligned with filaments. In some clouds, however, hubs or ridges of dense gas with unusually high mass and low virial parameters are located within a single filament or at the intersection of multiple filaments. These hubs and ridges tend to host water maser emission, multiple 70 μm detected protostars, and have masses and radii above an empirical threshold for forming massive stars.
Renewal of Transient Spiral Modes in Disk Galaxies
Authors: Sridhar S. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Spiral structure in disk galaxies could arise from transient modes that create conditions conducive for their regeneration; this is the proposal of Sellwood and Carlberg, based on simulations of stellar disks. The linear response of an axisymmetric stellar disk, to an adiabatic nonaxisymmetric transient mode, gives a final distribution function (DF) that is equal to the initial DF everywhere in phase space, except at the Lindblad and corotation resonances where the final DF is singular. We use the nonlinear theory of adiabatic capture into resonance to resolve the singularities and calculate the finite changes in the DF. These take the form of axisymmetric “scars” concentrated around resonances, whose DFs have simple general forms. Global changes in the physical properties are explored for a cool Mestel disk: we calculate the DFs of scars and estimate the changes in the disk angular momentum, surface density, and orbital frequencies leading to shifts in resonances. Resonant torques between disk stars and any new linear nonaxisymmetric mode are suppressed within a scar, as is epicyclic heating. Because all resonances of a linear mode with the same angular wavenumber and pattern speed as its precursor lie inside the scars of the precursor, it suffers less damping. Hence, scars filter the spectrum of noise-generated modes, promoting the renewal of a few select modes. Relic scars sustained by a galaxy disk, due to past tidal interaction with a passing companion, may still be active enablers of nonaxisymmetric modes, such as the two-armed “grand design” spiral patterns.
Multi-TeV Flaring from High-energy Blazars: An Evidence of the Photohadronic Process
Authors: Sahu Sarira , López Fortín Carlos E. , Nagataki Shigehiro 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
High-energy peaked blazars are known to undergo episodes of flaring in GeV–TeV gamma-rays involving different timescales. This flaring mechanism is not well understood, despite long-term simultaneous multiwavelength observations. These gamma-rays en route to Earth undergo attenuation by the extragalactic background light. Using the photohadronic model, where the seed photons follow a power-law spectrum and a template extragalactic background light model, we derive a simple relation between the observed multi-TeV gamma-ray flux and the intrinsic flux with a single parameter. We study 42 flaring epochs of 23 blazars and excellent fits to most of the observed spectra are obtained, strengthening the photohadronic origin of multi-TeV gamma-rays. We can also constrain the power spectrum of the seed photons during the flaring period. Stringent bounds on the blazars of unknown redshifts, whose multi-TeV flaring spectra are known, can be placed using the photohadronic model.
Where Are the Electromagnetic-wave Counterparts of Stellar-mass Binary Black Hole Mergers?
Authors: Yi Shu-Xu , Cheng K. S. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Multimessenger astronomy, combining gravitational-wave (GW) and electromagnetic-wave (EM) observations, has a huge impact on physics, astrophysics, and cosmology. However, the majority of sources detected with currently running ground-based GW observatories are binary black hole (BBH) mergers, which disappointingly were expected to have no EM counterparts. In this Letter, we propose that if a BBH merger happens in a gaseous disk around a supermassive black hole, the merger can be accompanied by a transient radio flare like a fast radio burst (FRB). We argue that the total mass and the effective spin derived from GW detection can be used to distinguish such a source from other channels of BBH mergers. If this prediction is confirmed with future observations, multimessenger astronomy can be greatly improved. The mystery of the origin of FRBs could also be revealed partially.
A Break in Spiral Galaxy Scaling Relations at the Upper Limit of Galaxy Mass
Authors: Ogle Patrick M. , Jarrett Thomas , Lanz Lauranne , Cluver Michelle , Alatalo Katherine , Appleton Philip N. , Mazzarella Joseph M. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Super spirals are the most massive star-forming disk galaxies in the universe. We measured rotation curves for 23 massive spirals with the Southern African Large Telescope (SALT) and found a wide range of fast rotation speeds (240–570 km s−1), indicating enclosed dynamical masses of (0.6−4) × 1012
M
⊙. Super spirals with mass in stars

log

M

stars

/

M

⊙

>
11.5

break from the baryonic Tully–Fisher relation (BTFR) established for lower-mass galaxies. The BTFR power-law index breaks from 3.75 ± 0.11 to 0.25 ± 0.41 above a rotation speed of ∼340 km s−1. Super spirals also have very high specific angular momenta that break from the Fall relation. These results indicate that super spirals are undermassive for their dark matter halos, limited to a mass in stars of

log

M

stars

/

M

⊙

<
11.8

. Most giant elliptical galaxies also obey this fundamental limit, which corresponds to a critical dark halo mass of

log

M

halo

/

M

⊙

≃
12.7

. Once a halo reaches this mass, its gas can no longer cool and collapse in a dynamical time. Super spirals survive today in halos as massive as

log

M

halo

/

M

⊙

≃
13.6

, continuing to form stars from the cold baryons they captured before their halos reached critical mass. The observed high-mass break in the BTFR is inconsistent with the Modified Newtonian Dynamics theory.
Torus Constraints in ANEPD-CXO245: A Compton-thick AGN with Double-peaked Narrow Lines
Authors: Miyaji Takamitsu , Herrera-Endoqui Martín , Krumpe Mirko , Hanzawa Masaki , Shogaki Ayano , Matsuura Shuji , Tanimoto Atsushi , Ueda Yoshihiro , Ishigaki Tsuyoshi , Barrufet Laia , Brunner Hermann , Matsuhara Hideo , Goto Tomotsugu , Takagi Toshinobu , Pearson Chris , Burgarella Denis , Oi Nagisa , Malkan Matthew , Toba Yoshiki , White Glenn J. , Hanami Hitoshi 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
We report on the torus constraints of the Compton-thick active galactic nucleus (AGN) with double-peaked optical narrow-line region emission lines, ANEPD-CXO245, at z = 0.449 in the AKARI NEP Deep Field. The unique infrared data on this field, including those from the nine-band photometry over 2–24 μm with the AKARI Infrared Camera, and the X-ray spectrum from Chandra allow us to constrain torus parameters such as the torus optical depth, X-ray absorbing column, torus angular width (σ), and viewing angle (i). We analyze the X-ray spectrum as well as the UV–optical–infrared spectral energy distribution (UOI-SED) with clumpy torus models in X-ray (XCLUMPY) and infrared (CLUMPY), respectively. From our current data, the constraints on σ–i from both X-rays and UOI show that the line of sight crosses the torus as expected for a type 2 AGN. We obtain a small X-ray scattering fraction (<0.1%), which suggests narrow torus openings, giving preference to the bipolar outflow picture of the double-peaked profile. Comparing the optical depth of the torus from the UOI-SED and the absorbing column density N
H from the X-ray spectrum, we find that the gas-to-dust ratio is ≳4 times larger than the Galactic value.
Observed Local Dispersion Relations for Magnetoacoustic-gravity Waves in the Sun’s Atmosphere: Mapping the Acoustic Cutoff Frequency
Authors: Jefferies Stuart M. , Fleck Bernhard , Murphy Neil , Berrilli Francesco 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
We present the observed local dispersion relations for magnetoacoustic-gravity waves in the Sun’s atmosphere for different levels of magnetic field strength. We model these data with a theoretical local dispersion relation to produce spatial maps of the acoustic cutoff frequency in the Sun’s photosphere. These maps have implications for the mechanical heating of the Sun’s upper atmosphere, by magnetoacoustic-gravity waves, at different phases of the solar magnetic activity cycle.
Comparison Between Ultra-Widefield Pseudocolor Imaging and Indirect Ophthalmoscopy in the Detection of Peripheral Retinal Lesions
Authors: Fogliato Giovanni , Borrelli Enrico , Iuliano Lorenzo , Ramoni Andrea , Querques Lea , Rabiolo Alessandro , Bandello Francesco , Querques Giuseppe 
Published: October 2019

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
To systematically compare the intermodality and inter-rater agreement for indirect ophthalmoscopy and ultra-widefield (UWF) imaging in detecting peripheral retinal lesions predisposing to retinal rhegmatogenous detachment.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:
In this prospective, observational, cross-sectional study, patients with a previous diagnosis of peripheral retinal lesions were enrolled. UWF pseudocolor imaging and dilated fundus examination were obtained.

RESULTS:

Thirty-seven eyes (20 patients, 12 females) were enrolled. The level of inter-rater agreement was excellent in both the ophthalmoscopy-based and UWF-based assessment. The overall agreement in the UWF-based assessment was found to be Kappa = 0.874 (
P
< .0001). The UWF-based evaluation was demonstrated to have a sensitivity of 89.2% in detecting peripheral retinal lesions. In the sectorial analysis, the UWF-based reading had a lower sensitivity in the inferior sector.

CONCLUSION:
The identification of peripheral retinal lesions with UWF imaging allowed for an accurate and reproducible assessment.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
. 2019;50:544–549.]
Quantifying Choriocapillaris Flow Voids in Patients With Geographic Atrophy Using Swept-Source OCT Angiography
Authors: Rinella Nicholas T. , Zhou Hao , Zhang Qinqin , Keiner Cathrine , Oldenburg Catherine E. , Duncan Jacque L. , Wang Ruikang K. , Schwartz Daniel M. 
Published: October 2019

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
To compare choriocapillaris (CC) flow voids (FVs) throughout the macula in patients with age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and geographic atrophy (GA) to age-similar controls using swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography (SS-OCTA).

PATIENTS AND METHODS:
In this cross-sectional study, 12 subjects with GA secondary to nonexudative AMD and 12 age-similar controls participated. SS-OCTA was performed using a 6 mm × 6 mm scanning pattern. CC FVs were calculated using a one-standard deviation thresholding method developed from a normal database.

RESULTS:

CC FVs were significantly increased in patients with GA compared with age-similar controls (
P
< .001). FVs within 2° of GA were significantly increased compared with the area outside 2° (
P
< .001). FVs beyond 2° of GA were significantly increased compared with age-similar controls (
P
< .001).

CONCLUSIONS:
FV analysis of in vivo CC images revealed diffuse CC perfusion deficits throughout the macular region in subjects with GA secondary to nonexudative AMD.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
. 2019;50:e229–e235.]
Loss of the FOXP1 Transcription Factor Leads to Deregulation of B Lymphocyte Development and Function at Multiple Stages
Authors: Dekker Joseph D , Baracho Gisele V , Zhu Zilu , Ippolito Gregory C , Schmitz Robert J , Rickert Robert C , Tucker Haley O 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The FOXP1 transcription factor is expressed throughout B cell development until its extinction just prior to terminal differentiation. Foxp1 nulls die of cardiac defects at midgestation, but adult rescue via fetal liver transfer led to a strong pre–B cell block. To circumvent these limitations and to investigate FOXP1 function at later stages of B cell differentiation, we generated and analyzed floxed (F) Foxp1 alleles deleted at pro–B, transitional (T) 1, and mature B cell stages. Mb-1cre–mediated deletion of Foxp1F/F confirmed its requirement for pro–B to pre–B transition. Cd21- and Cd19cre deletion led to significant reduction of germinal center formation and a second block in differentiation at the T2/marginal zone precursor stage. T-dependent and -independent immunization of FOXP1 mutants led to reduction of Ag-specific IgM, whereas responses of class-switched Abs were unimpaired. Yet, unexpectedly, plasmablast and plasma cell numbers were significantly increased by in vitro BCR stimulation of Foxp1F/F splenic follicular B cells but rapidly lost, as they were highly prone to apoptosis. RNA sequencing, gene set enrichment analysis, and chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing analyses revealed strong enrichment for signatures related to downregulation of immune responses, apoptosis, and germinal center biology, including direct activation of Bcl6 and downregulation of Aicda/AID, the primary effector of somatic hypermutation, and class-switch recombination. These observations support a role for FOXP1 as a direct transcriptional regulator at key steps underlying B cell development in the mouse.