bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Commercial Bell Pepper Cultivars for Resistance to Phytophthora Blight (Phytophthora capsici)
Authors: Dunn Amara R. , Lange Holly W. , Smart Christine D. 
Published: July 2018

Phytophthora blight (Phytophthora capsici) is an important disease of bell peppers, causing crown, root, and fruit rot as well as foliar lesions. Substantial yield losses can result from either plant death or fruit rot. Host resistance is an effective management strategy for the root and crown rot phase of the disease, and a number of commercially-available pepper cultivars are described by the supplier as intermediately resistant. In field trials conducted over 5 years, the bell pepper cultivars Archimedes, Aristotle, Intruder, and Paladin were found to be the most resistant to a single isolate of P. capsici from New York State (NY 0664-1). Cultivars ACR285, Declaration, PS 09941819, Revolution, and Vanguard showed intermediate levels of resistance. Escalade, Karisma, Keystone Giant, King of the North, and Red Knight were highly susceptible to NY 0664-1. This information will be useful to growers selecting cultivars to plant in fields with a history of Phytophthora blight. Accepted for publication 24 October 2013. Published 30 January 2014.
Seeding Rate and Planting Date Impacts Stand Density, Diseases, and Yield of Irrigated Peanuts
Authors: Hagan A. K. , Campbell H. L. , Bowen K. L. , Wells L. 
Published: July 2018

Release of peanut cultivars with enhanced tomato spotted wilt (TSW) resistance along with the decline in the incidence of this disease gives Alabama producers the option of earlier planting of irrigated peanuts to optimize farm operations and lower seeding rates to reduce input costs. Mid-April and mid-May plantings of the cvs. Florida-07, Georgia-06G, and Georgia Green at 6.6, 9.8, 13.1, and 19.7 seed/m were monitored over three years for TSW, stem rot, and leaf spot diseases as well as yield. Despite low TSW pressure and lack of a seeding rate response, disease incidence was higher in Georgia Green than Florida-07 and Georgia-06G with higher TSW indices noted for the April than May plantings of the former but not latter two cultivars. While not impacted by planting date, stem rot incidence, which was higher at 13.1 and 19.7 than 6.6 seed/m, was lower on Florida-07 than Georgia-06G and Georgia Green with the latter proving most susceptible. Although leaf spot intensity was not impacted by seeding rate, disease ratings were higher for May than April plantings, with Florida-07 and Georgia-06G having lower leaf spot ratings than Georgia Green in two of three study years. While planting date did not impact yield in two of three years, higher yields were recorded at 13.1 and 19.7 than 6.6 seed/m, with Florida-07 and Georgia-06G having higher yields than Georgia Green. Accepted for publication 16 February 2015. Published 20 April 2015.
Evaluation of Weed Species from the Northern Great Plains as Hosts of Soybean Cyst Nematode
Authors: Poromarto Susilo H. , Gramig Greta G. , Nelson Berlin D. , Jain Shalu 
Published: July 2018

Weeds can be alternate hosts of soybean cyst nematode (SCN), a major pathogen of soybean in the United States. Weed species from the northern soybean production area of North Dakota-northern Minnesota have not been evaluated for host suitability. Fifty-one weed species with multiple collections from different locations, representing 13 families were evaluated as hosts of SCN. Weeds were inoculated with SCN HG type 0 and a female index (FI) was calculated by comparing reproduction to that on Barnes, a susceptible soybean cultivar. Thirty-three weed species had not previously been tested. For 20 weed species, no reproduction on roots was observed on any collection. For 31 weed species, SCN females developed on roots of one or more collection, but only two weeds, henbit and field pennycress, allowed substantial reproduction with average FI's of 30.5 to 38, respectively; the other 29 species had average FI's of less than 10 and thus were defined as poor hosts. Twenty-six of the weed species from 11 plant families were newly identified hosts of SCN. Collections of species varied in host suitability. Although most weeds were non-hosts or poor hosts, the number of weeds that supported limited SCN reproduction indicates that weed hosts could influence SCN survival and reproduction in the upper Great Plains. Few weed species, however, are major hosts of SCN in this region. Accepted 10 December 2014. Published 28 January 2015.
Longevity of Uromyces transversalis, Causal Agent of Gladiolus Rust, under Various Environmental Conditions
Authors: Bonde M. R. , Nester S. E. , Palmer C. L. 
Published: July 2018

To help determine if gladiolus rust may spread to new areas of the United States, we studied effects of different temperature and moisture conditions on longevity of Uromyces transversalis urediniospores. Treatments consisted of gladiolus leaf pieces, with actively sporulating uredinia, placed in mesh bags in a plastic beaker without soil (dry) or plastic bags covered in damp soil (damp). These treatments were either held in a greenhouse at 22–26°C (warm) or refrigerator at 4°C (cool). After 14 days, 59% of urediniospores maintained under warm, dry conditions were viable compared to only 1% under warm damp conditions. After 56 days, viability dropped to 3% and near 0%, respectively. Under cool conditions, by 91 days germination dropped to 0.7% and 0%, respectively. To determine the potential for corms or soilless mix from infected plants to harbor inoculum, infected gladiolus plants were maintained in a growth chamber progressively simulating fall and winter. Following foliage senescence, corms from infected plants were removed from the soilless mix, stored 11 months at 4°C, and planted in noninfested soilless mix in the greenhouse. The pots containing soilless mix in growth chambers, upon removal of corms present on infected plants, were maintained in the chambers until fall and then replanted with healthy corms. No pustules developed on either set of plants, indicating that corms from infected plants had not been infected, urediniospores had not survived in the soilless mix, and urediniospores on or in soil did not perpetuate the disease. Accepted by publication 15 January 2015. Published 6 April 2015.
Ergot Resistant Tetraploid Bahiagrass and Fungicide Effects on Seed Yield and Quality
Authors: Rios Esteban , Blount Ann , Harmon Philip , Mackowiak Cheryl , Kenworthy Kevin , Quesenberry Kenneth 
Published: July 2018

Seed production is a critical component in agricultural systems based on bahiagrass and ergot has been reported to significantly reduce seed quality in tetraploid cultivars. Seed yield and quality are important traits to evaluate in the advanced breeding lines developed at the University of Florida. Resistance to ergot was assessed in seven tetraploid bahiagrass breeding lines and the cultivar Argentine. Tebuconazole and pyraclostrobin also were evaluated for managing ergot and increasing seed quality. Argentine and two tetraploid hybrids (Hyb1 and Hyb2) showed the highest levels of ergot severity and incidence. Three wild-type bahiagrass lines (WT-2, WT-4 and WT-5) performed significantly better than Argentine and could be considered resistant to ergot. Anthesis was the critical stage in relation to ergot infection, and a single application of tebuconazole at anthesis reduced ergot severity; however, neither fungicide was able to reduce ergot incidence. Tebuconazole and pyraclostrobin improved seed set, and reproductive efficiency was 2.4% higher after the application of tebuconazole. The slight increase in reproductive efficiency following fungicide application may not be economically justifiable for seed production in bahiagrass. Three advanced tetraploid breeding lines (Hyb1, WT-3, and WT-5) exhibited adequate seed production to be considered for cultivar release. Accepted for publication 24 February 2015. Published 17 April 2015.
Stability of TSWV General Field Resistance in the ‘Georgia Green’ Peanut Cultivar
Authors: Branch W. D. , Culbreath A. K. 
Published: July 2018

There are mainly two types of host-plant disease resistance. General or horizontal resistance is usually controlled by several genes each acting with minor additive effects, and specific or vertical resistance is usually controlled by one or two genes with a dominant major effect. In most cases, general resistance may not provide as high a level of control as specific; however, general type of resistance is usually more desirable for long-term stability. Therefore, the objective of this 13-year study was to determine the stability of the general disease resistance to tomato spotted wilt (TSW), caused by Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV), found in the peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) cultivar ‘Georgia Green', as indicated by comparisons with the highly susceptible ‘Florunner’ cultivar. The general host-plant TSWV resistance of Georgia Green was found to have consistently lower TSW at mid-season and total disease (primarily TSW and any soilborne disease) incidence at late season, respectively, and higher pod yield compared to Florunner across all 13 years without any genotype-by-year (G×Y) interaction for these variables. Consequently, the general TSWV-resistance of Georgia Green was found to be highly stable across many years, and should be utilized for progress in breeding improved TSWV-resistant peanut cultivars. Accepted for publication 11 May 2015. Published 18 May 2015.
Effect of In-Furrow and Early-Season Banded Applications of Fungicides on Incidence of Early Leaf Spot of Peanut
Authors: Culbreath Albert K. , Kemerait Robert C. , Tsai Yun-Ching , Brenneman Timothy B. , Stevenson Katherine L. , Cantonwine Emily G. 
Published: July 2018

Field experiments were conducted in Tifton, GA, in 2012-2014 to determine the effect of in-furrow applications of prothioconazole and early-season banded applications of prothioconazole or pyraclostrobin on incidence of early leaf spot (Cercospora arachidicola) of peanut (Arachis hypogaea). In each year, border rows were planted in May as a source of inoculum for plants in the treatment plots. Plots were planted in August or September after epidemics of early leaf spot were severe in the border plots. Fungicide application regimes included two rates (100 and 200 g a.i./ha) of prothioconazole applied in-furrow at planting, and 200 g a.i./ha of prothioconazole or 164 g a.i./ha of pyraclostrobin applied concentrated in a 30-cm band 21 days after planting (DAP). Incidence (percent of leaflets with one or more leaf spot) of early leaf spot was monitored until 54 to 57 days after planting in each year. In all years, disease incidence was below 10% at 28 DAP in plots treated with 200 g a.i./ha of prothioconazole in-furrow compared to over 40% in nontreated plots at the same time. In-furrow applications of 100 g a.i./ha of prothioconazole were less effective, but suppressed leaf spot incidence compared to the control. Banded applications of either fungicide at 21 DAP resulted in a decrease in leaf spot incidence, and prevented increase in leaf spot incidence for 19 days or longer. Accepted for publication 30 November 2015. Published 3 December 2015.
A Quantitative Disease Severity Rating Scale for Northern Corn Leaf Blight
Authors: Price Trey , Purvis Myra , Pruitt Hunter 
Published: July 2018

Northern corn leaf blight (NCLB) is an annual issue for corn producers throughout the United States. Consequently, researchers are constantly evaluating hybrids for resistance and fungicides for efficacy. In most cases, NCLB severity is evaluated by visually estimating the percentage of affected foliage. Perceptions of disease severity are variable among stakeholders; therefore, a rating scale was created using photo analysis software that may be used to increase accuracy of disease severity estimations. Accepted for publication 15 March 2016. Published 28 March 2016.
Effect of Seed Treatment on Early Season Brown Spot Caused by Septoria glycines of Soybean
Authors: Batzer Jean C. , Kandel Yuba R. , Bradley Carl A. , Chilvers Martin I. , Tenuta Albert U. , Wise Kiersten A. , Hernández Edward , Mueller Daren S. 
Published: July 2018

Early season brown spot caused by Septoria glycines was compared in Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Michigan, and Ontario, Canada, soybean fields planted with differing commercial seed treatments. Seed treatments that included fluopyram significantly reduced brown spot (P < 0.001). A greenhouse mist chamber experiment revealed that fluopyram seed treatment reduced the Area Under Disease Progress Curve of brown spot over a 6-week period (P < 0.001). Brown spot severity was unaffected by plant age at inoculation for the control treatment without fluopyram (P = 0.911); however, severity increased with plant age at inoculation for the fluopyram treatment (P = 0.009). The sensitivity of two S. glycines isolates to fluopyram was assessed by determining the effective concentration required to reduce its colony diameter growth in culture by 50% (EC50). Both isolates had an EC50 of 0.41 μg/ml of fluopyram. These results demonstrate that fluopyram seed treatment is effecttive at controlling early season brown spot in soybean. Accepted for publication 19 September 2016.
Resolution of inflammation is altered in chronic heart failure and entails a dysfunctional responsiveness of T lymphocytes
Authors: Chiurchiù Valerio , Leuti Alessandro , Saracini Stefano , Fontana Davide , Finamore Panaiotis , Giua Renato , Padovini Lucia , Incalzi Raffaele Antonelli , Maccarrone Mauro 
Published: July 2018

ABSTRACTChronic heart failure (CHF) is characterized by an ongoing nonresolving inflammatory status, where T lymphocytes seem critical. It has been recently recognized that transition from acute to chronic inflammation could be caused by defects in resolving inflammation, the resolution of which is mediated by a novel family of ω‐3‐derived specialized proresolving lipid mediators such as resolvins. We analyzed 27 elderly patients with CHF and 23 healthy age‐matched control subjects, and we reported significantly lower levels of D‐series resolvin (RvD)l in plasma of patients with CHF that were associated with a reduced ability of their leukocytes to produce this lipid via its biosynthetic enzyme 15‐lipoxygenase and that correlated with gas exchange dysfunction. Furthermore, when pretreating ex vivo peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients with CHF with RvD1 or RvD2, we found that neither of them was able to modulate the immune response of CD8+ and CD4+ T cells in terms of proinflammatory cytokine production, namely TNF‐α, IFN‐γ, IL‐17, and IL‐2. Such impaired T‐cell responsiveness in patients with CHF was associated with a significant reduction in mRNA and protein expression of RvD1 receptor GPR32, suggesting a defective signaling in the proresolving pathway. We conclude that patients with CHF show alterations in producing proresolving mediator RvD1 and a failure of adaptive immune cells in responding to the anti‐inflammatory actions of RvDs that may contribute to the progression of chronic inflammation. Thus, the proresolution pathway might be a potential candidate to design better treatments for CHF aimed at reducing T cell‐mediated chronic inflammation.—Chiurchiù, V., Leuti, A., Saracini, S., Fontana, D., Finamore, P., Giua, R., Padovini, L., Incalzi, R. A., Maccarrone, M. Resolution of inflammation is altered in chronic heart failure and entails a dysfunctional responsiveness of T lymphocytes. FASEB J. 33, 909–916 (2019). www.fasebj.org
Identifying and treating patients with synthetic psychoactive drug intoxication
Authors: Brown Gina R. , McLaughlin Krisha , Vaughn Kaitlin 
Published: July 2018

ABSTRACT
Tens of thousands of ED visits each year are related to synthetic psychoactive drug intoxication. Signs, symptoms, and treatment of toxicity with synthetic cathinones, synthetic cannabinoids, or dextromethorphan overlap greatly and can be challenging. This article describes signs and symptoms of psychoactive drug abuse and how to properly manage these symptoms.
Overview of Drugs Used to Treat Opioid Use Disorder
Authors: Aschenbrenner Diane S. 
Published: July 2018

Medication-assisted treatment for opioid use disorder is likely to be used with more frequency because of the current epidemic of opioid abuse in the United States.Three drugs are approved to treat opioid use disorder: buprenorphine, methadone, and naltrexone. Understanding the differences between these products will help nurses provide appropriate patient education.
New Maintenance Treatment for Recurrent Ovarian, Fallopian Tube, or Primary Peritoneal Cancer
Authors: Aschenbrenner Diane S. 
Published: July 2018

Rucaparib (Rubraca) can now be used as maintenance treatment in patients with recurrent ovarian, fallopian tube, or primary peritoneal cancer that is completely or partially responding to platinum-based chemotherapy.The most common adverse effects of rucaparib treatment include fatigue, rash, gastrointestinal complaints, hematologic problems, and nasopharyngitis/upper respiratory infection.
Etomidate and Etomidate Analog Binding and Positive Modulation of γ-Aminobutyric Acid Type A Receptors
Authors: McGrath Megan , Yu Zhiyi , Jayakar Selwyn S. , Ma Celena , Tolia Mansi , Zhou Xiaojuan , Miller Keith W. , Cohen Jonathan B. , Raines Douglas E. 
Published: July 2018

Abstract

Editor’s Perspective

What We Already Know about This Topic

What This Article Tells Us That Is New

Background
Naphthalene-etomidate, an etomidate analog containing a bulky phenyl ring substituent group, possesses very low γ-aminobutyric acid type A (GABAA) receptor efficacy and acts as an anesthetic-selective competitive antagonist. Using etomidate analogs containing phenyl ring substituents groups that range in volume, we tested the hypothesis that this unusual pharmacology is caused by steric hindrance that reduces binding to the receptor’s open state.

Methods
The positive modulatory potencies and efficacies of etomidate and phenyl ring–substituted etomidate analogs were electrophysiology defined in oocyte-expressed α1β3γ2L GABAA receptors. Their binding affinities to the GABAA receptor’s two classes of transmembrane anesthetic binding sites were assessed from their abilities to inhibit receptor labeling by the site-selective photolabels 3[H]azi-etomidate and tritiated R-5-allyl-1-methyl-5-(m-trifluoromethyl-diazirynylphenyl) barbituric acid.

Results
The positive modulatory activities of etomidate and phenyl ring–substituted etomidate analogs progressively decreased with substituent group volume, reflecting significant decreases in both potency (P = 0.005) and efficacy (P < 0.0001). Affinity for the GABAA receptor’s two β+ − α– anesthetic binding sites similarly decreased with substituent group volume (P = 0.003), whereas affinity for the receptor’s α+ – β–/γ+ – β– sites did not (P = 0.804). Introduction of the N265M mutation, which is located at the β+ − α– binding sites and renders GABAA receptors etomidate-insensitive, completely abolished positive modulation by naphthalene-etomidate.

Conclusions
Steric hindrance selectively reduces phenyl ring–substituted etomidate analog binding affinity to the two β+ − α– anesthetic binding sites on the GABAA receptor’s open state, suggesting that the binding pocket where etomidate’s phenyl ring lies becomes smaller as the receptor isomerizes from closed to open.
Assessment of the Impact of Perioral Rejuvenation With Hyaluronic Acid Filler on Projected First Impressions and Mood Perceptions
Authors: Dayan Steven H. , Bacos Jonathan T. , Gandhi Nimit D. , Ho Thuy-Van T. , Kalbag Arjun 
Published: July 2018

BACKGROUND
Small-particle hyaluronic acid filler is approved for lip augmentation and correction of perioral rhytides. Treatment with this product may improve facial aesthetics, projected first impression, and self-perception of mood.

OBJECTIVE
To determine the effect of perioral rejuvenation with hyaluronic acid on patient perception of mood and projected first impression.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
Seventeen subjects underwent perioral rejuvenation treatment with small-particle hyaluronic acid filler. Each subject underwent photography and completed 2 surveys measuring self-perception of mood before treatment and after achieving an optimal cosmetic result. Aesthetic improvement with treatment was assessed using the Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale and the Oral Commissure Severity and Perioral Line Severity scales. Seventeen hundred blinded evaluators rated pre-treatment and post-treatment photographs of the subjects using a First Impressions Questionnaire.

RESULTS
Perioral filler treatment significantly improved pre-treatment and post-treatment scores for happiness within the Happiness Measures Scale. This treatment was found to significantly improve projected first impression across all categories.

CONCLUSION
Small-particle hyaluronic acid filler treatment for perioral rejuvenation is an effective method for improving physical appearance as well as first impressions. Larger studies are necessary to verify whether perioral rejuvenation with hyaluronic acid offers enhanced self-perception of mood.
Characteristics of Patients Receiving Treatment Who Deny A Diagnosis Glaucoma or Elevated Intraocular Pressure in the United States
Authors: Lowry Eugene A. , Mansberger Steven L. 
Published: July 2018

Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to determine the proportion of patients in the US population who are receiving long-term intraocular pressure (IOP)-lowering medication, but, deny having a diagnosis of glaucoma or elevated IOP.

Materials and Methods:
The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) is a home-based survey of a cross-sectional, representative, stratified sample of the US population every 2 years. Questions on prescription medication use are asked in every survey cycle, and patients were questioned whether they had ever been diagnosed with glaucoma or elevated IOP in the 2005-2006 and 2007-2008 surveys. During these 2 cycles, there were 7081 participants over age 40 of whom 135 endorse at least one year of topical IOP-lowering medication and were included in the final study.

Results:
A total of 8.8% of Americans taking IOP-lowering medications for at least one year denied a diagnosis of glaucoma or high eye pressure. Patients taking more medications were more likely to endorse their diagnosis.

Conclusions:
Over 150,000 Americans being treated for glaucoma or ocular hypertension may be unaware or deny a glaucoma diagnosis. Improving this awareness may enhance adherence. Patient awareness of their diagnosis is essential to quality care.