bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electronic Doping Controlled Migration of Dislocations in Polycrystalline 2D WS2
Authors: Zou Xiaolong , Liu Mingjie , Yakobson Boris I. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractMigration of dislocations not only determines the durability of large‐scale nanoelectronic and opto‐electronic devices based on polycrystalline 2D transition‐metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs), but also plays an important role in enhancing the performance of novel memristors. However, a fundamental question of the migration dependence on the electronic effects, which are inevitable in practical field‐effect transistors based on 2D TMDCs, and its interplay with different dislocations, remains unexplored. Here, taking WS2 as an example, first‐principle calculations are used to show that the electronic contributions arising from defect states can greatly influence the migration barriers of dislocations. The barrier height can be reduced by as much as 50%, which is mainly attributed to the change in electronic occupation and the band energy of defect levels controlled by electronic chemical potential (Fermi level). The reduced barriers in turn lead to significantly enhanced migration, and thus the plasticity. Since defect levels from dislocations locate deep inside the bandgap, the doping‐induced tuning of barrier height can be achieved at relatively low doping concentration through either chemical doping or electrode gating. The effective electromechanical coupling in 2D TMDCs can provide new opportunities in material engineering for various potential applications.
2D Metal Chalcogenides for IR Photodetection
Authors: Wang Fakun , Zhang Yue , Gao Yu , Luo Peng , Su Jianwei , Han Wei , Liu Kailang , Li Huiqiao , Zhai Tianyou 
Published: May 2019

AbstractInfrared (IR) photodetectors are finding diverse applications in imaging, information communication, military, etc. 2D metal chalcogenides (2DMCs) have attracted increasing interest in view of their unique structures and extraordinary physical properties. They have demonstrated outstanding IR detection performance including high responsivity and detectivity, high on/off ratio, fast response rate, stable room temperature operability, and good mechanical flexibility, which has opened up a new prospect in next‐generation IR photodetectors. This Review presents a comprehensive summary of recent progress in advanced IR photodetectors based on 2DMCs. The rationale of the photodetectors containing photocurrent generation mechanisms and performance parameters are briefly introduced. The device performances of 2DMCs‐based IR photodetectors are also systematically summarized, and some representative achievements are highlighted as well. Finally, conclusions and outlooks are delivered as a guideline for this thriving field.
Uniqueness in the determination of vibration sources in polygonal plates observing the displacement over a space‐time open set
Authors: Kawano Alexandre , Yamaoka Luís 
Published: May 2019

AbstractIn this article we deal with the identification of dynamical loading over the class of all plates with polygonal shapes that admit complete systems of trigonometric polynomials. It is proved that given an open set V in the interior of a plate with one of those shapes, using the displacement measured over V for a time interval longer than a minimum value, it is possible to identify uniquely the spatial distribution of the load acting over the plate.
The Deliberate Engagement of Narcissistic CEOs in Earnings Management
Authors: Buchholz Frerich , Lopatta Kerstin , Maas Karen 
Published: May 2019

AbstractCorroborating upper echelons theory, this study picks up the notion that narcissistic chief executive officers (CEOs) take advantage of accounting choices to enhance their firms’—and inherently their own—personal track records. Using a set of 15 indicators, reflecting the narcissistic trait of 1126 CEOs for the period 1992 to 2012, we find evidence of highly narcissistic CEOs engaging in accrual-based earnings management (ABEM). In contrast to prior research, the results show evidence not only for income-increasing but also for income-decreasing ABEM. This indicates that highly narcissistic CEOs not only strive to influence stakeholders’ perception of current performance. We conclude that they also assess their potential to influence perception of current and future earnings. The results imply that highly narcissistic CEOs’ accounting choices are driven by self-serving behavior rather than by the intention to provide additional information to the market. When earnings management techniques are used to derive personal advantage from the presentation of a firm’s earnings, the literature refers to this as a case of low earnings quality reflecting unethical behavior. Accordingly, this study contributes to the field of business ethics by showing that CEO narcissism is related to low earnings quality in that it is associated to discretionarily decreasing accruals.
Four Dthats
Authors: Predelli Stefano 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe distinction between a merely ‘rigidifying’ dthat and a directly-referential take on dthat-terms is well known, and is explicitly highlighted by Kaplan in Afterthoughts, his 1989 commentary on Demonstratives. What is not equally widely recognized is that Afterthoughts also oscillates between three different directly referential proposals. This essay discusses the semantic and philosophical implications of these different directly-referential interpretations of ‘dthat’, paying particular attention to (a) the relationships between syntactic and propositional structure, (b) the structure and makeup of contexts in the semantics of indexical languages, (c) the significance of context shifting devices and of so-called operators on character, and (d) the aims and scope of propositional semantics.
Characterization of Gas Hydrates Reservoirs in Krishna-Godavari Basin, Eastern Indian Margin
Authors: Ramu Rowtu , Sain Kalachand 
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACT
Seismic inversion and attribute analysis techniques are frequently used in oil and gas industries to characterize a hydrocarbon reservoir. The gas hydrate reservoir in the Krishna-Godavari basin, eastern Indian margin, by analysis of high-resolution multi-channel seismic (MCS) data has been characterised. The model-based seismic inversion was performed to derive acoustic impedance (3220 m/s*g/cm3) followed by computation of seismic attributes for delineating the bottom simulating reflector or BSR, main marker for gas hydrates, and characterizing the hydrate-bearing sediments. The study shows the characteristics of BSR at a depth of ~125 m below sea floor (mbsf), and hence the presence of gas hydrates. The high velocity, low amplitude, high instantaneous frequency and low sweetness indicate presence of gas hydrates above the BSR, whereas low velocity, high reflection strength, low frequencies and high sweetness imply free gas underlying the BSR.
Alteration Assemblages and P-T during the Second Phase of Hydrothermal Mineralization in the Hutti Gold Deposit, Raichur District, Karnataka
Authors: Badhe K. V. , Pandalai H. S. 
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACT
Chlorite is observed along with albite-epidote-calcite±quartz veins and opaque minerals in the distal and proximal zones of the Hutti underground exposures as well as with the albite-epidote- calcite-sphene±k-feldspar±quartz (“inner chlorite”) assemblage in the quartz reefs of Hutti. The undeformed nature of albite-epidote-calcite-chlorite ±quartz-opaque veinlets in the distal metabasalts and in the proximal alteration zone close to the main reefs at Hutti indicate that these veinlets are a late hydrothermal phase that was deposited in brittle fractures of the host-rock after the phase of ductile deformation. Estimates of temperature based on the chlorite geothermometry yield values of 330±40°C for chlorite in the coarse veins with albite-epidote-calcite-k-feldspar±quartz in the proximal alteration zone. The estimates of temperature of the assemblage in the “inner chlorite” assemblage within the quartz reef give values of 290±60°C. The study of fluids entrapped in calcite belonging to this assemblage show that they can be modeled by using the H2O-CO2-NaCl system with a high mole-percent of CO2 and low molepercent of H2O and NaCl. Estimates of pressure obtained from isochores constructed for the fluid inclusions in calcite from veins in the proximal alteration zone and independent estimates of temperature by chlorite geothermometry give an estimate of ~2 kbars for fluid pressure at the time of entrapment of the fluid inclusions. Since ore-mineralization associated with this assemblage is limited, it is inferred that this phase of mineralization may have resulted from re-mobilization of pre-existing ores.
Development of HUMGEOSTAT: A New Geological Tool for Geostatistical Analysis of Mineral Deposit: A Case Study at Sin Quyen Mine (Northern Vietnam)
Authors: Truong Xuan Luan , Truong Xuan Quang , Nguyen Tuan Anh , Raghavan Venkatesh , Nguyen Chi Cong 
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACT
This paper presents the results of the design and implementation of a new geological tool, named as HUMGEOSTAT, for advanced geostatistical analysis of mineral deposit, a case study at the Sin Quyen, one of the important mines for the Vietnam mining industry in Vietnam. The tool is developed based on the Stanford Geostatistical Modeling Software (SgeMS) platform, which is an open-source computer package for solving problems involving spatially related variables. The tool is capable of supporting users in reducing uncertainty and improving the quality of mining exploration tasks. The tool has all the functions needed to solve a complete geostatistical issues i.e. Variogram models (such as Spherical, Exponential, Gausian, Linear and Pure nugget effect); and four commonly used Kriging methods (Ordinary Kriging, Simple Kriging, Indicator Kriging, Co-Kriging). The tool was applied to test various types of input data and particularly for complex copper ore bodies of Sin Quyen mine. The results of analysis of orebody spatial structure has found that Cu content has non-uniform change, regional anisotropy in north-south (0±22.5°) direction, and anisotropic index is around 1.3. The mineral reserves are estimated according to sub-blocks and points in the orebody-space. The results indicate that the Ordinary Kriging (OK) has reliable results, variance estimation is small; the predicted result gained from OK have strong correlation (K=0.905) with ore samples. HUMGEOSTAT was applied at the Sin Quyen mine and various coal mines, the results were adapted with reality of mines.
Hypothalamus – Response to early paracetamol exposure in male rats offspring
Authors: Blecharz‐Klin Kamilla , Wawer Adriana , Pyrzanowska Justyna , Piechal Agnieszka , Jawna‐Zboińska Katarzyna , Widy‐Tyszkiewicz Ewa 
Published: May 2019

One of the reasons for using paracetamol during pregnancy is fever. The brain structure responsible for maintaining proper body temperature, but also for controlling some endocrine aspects is hypothalamus. In this study we examined the effect of early pretreatment of paracetamol on hypothalamic neurotransmission in rats' offspring. We used two‐month old rats previously exposed to paracetamol at doses of 5 (P5) and 15 mg/kg (P15) during gestational development and next postnatally. The concentration of monoamines, their metabolites and amino acids in hypothalamus was chromatographically determined. The results of biochemical analysis were compared with the Control animals (Con).We found differences between groups in the concentration of main noradrenaline metabolite in hypothalamus. The control group had significantly higher level of 3‐methoxy‐4‐hydroxyphenylglycol (MHPG) compared with rats exposed to paracetamol (F(2,27) = 7.96, p < 0.005). Simultaneously the level of dopamine (DA) (F(2,27) = 4.33, p < 0.05) and its metabolite ‐ homovanillic acid (HVA) (F(2,27) = 17.03, p < 0.005) was increased in the hypothalamus of animals treated with lower dose of the drug. Biochemical analyses show an increase in 3,4‐dihydroxyphenyl acetic acid (DOPAC) concentration in P5 group compared to the control rats and group treated with higher dose of paracetamol (F(2,27) = 7.37, p < 0.005). In the hypothalamus significant decrease of glutamic acid concentration was also observed in the group treated with paracetamol at dose of 5 mg.These results demonstrated that paracetamol had a significant effect on dopaminergic and noradrenergic neurotransmission and changed the concentration of glutamic acid in hypothalamus ‐ heat‐regulating center and important element of hypothalamic‐pituitary‐ gonadal axis.
How readable are data breach notifications?
Authors: Jackson Stephen 
Published: May 2019

Data breaches – broadly defined as incidents where protected data that is considered sensitive and confidential has been disclosed, accessed and/or altered in an unauthorised manner – present a growing threat to society and organisations. While much of the focus to date has been on technical countermeasures, particularly the ways to prevent and detect security threats associated with data breach incidents, we also need greater insights into the readability of the notification response used by firms to alert affected consumers after a suspected incident has taken place. Data breaches – where protected data that is considered sensitive and confidential has been accessed in an unauthorised manner – present a growing threat to society and organisations. While much of the focus to date has been on technical countermeasures, we also need greater insights into the readability of the notification response used by firms to alert affected consumers after a suspected incident has taken place. Stephen Jackson of the University of London examines ways in which we can judge how comprehensible breach notifications are and how we can go about improving them.
IoT security: could careless talk cost livelihoods?
Authors: Sollars Marc 
Published: May 2019

The rise of the Internet of Things (IoT) promises exciting capabilities for business but could it usher in risks that are difficult to assess, let alone deal with? In a world where companies can use Alexa to help set up new office IT, could unsecured IoT systems be the equivalent of careless talk giving away company secrets – and endangering livelihoods? The rise of the Internet of Things (IoT) promises exciting capabilities for business but could it usher in risks that are difficult to assess, let alone deal with? Unsecured IoT systems could be the equivalent of careless talk giving away company secrets and endangering livelihoods. IoT-enabled devices behind cutting-edge consumer and business products must talk securely to the company's core IT and business systems. Without this secure conversation, IoT's learning capabilities could simply enable hackers to carry out wider-scale attacks, explains Marc Sollars of Teneo.
14C Age Offset in the Mar Piccolo Sea Basin in Taranto (Southern Italy) Estimated on Cerastoderma Glaucum (Poiret, 1789)
Authors: Quarta Gianluca , Fago Paola , Calcagnile Lucio , Cipriano Giulia , D’Elia Marisa , Moretti Massimo , Scardino Giovanni , Valenzano Eliana , Mastronuzzi Giuseppe 
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACTThe stratigraphic succession of the Mar Piccolo basin (Gulf of Taranto, Southern Italy) is well known in the scientific literature dealing with the last interglacial since its morphological evolution is influenced by sea level changes during Late Pleistocene-Holocene. The local Holocene sea level history is well known thanks to data deriving from peat and ash layers identified in different sediment cores obtained underwater and in coastal areas. Peat sediments are frequently interlayed with muddy-sand beds rich in Cerastoderma glaucum (Poiret, 1789). In the literature of the Mediterranean basin, AMS 14C dating on C. glaucum is widely used also in paleo-environmental reconstruction because this bivalve is considered an useful marker of sea level, though in lagoonal systems, large age offsets have been reported in different areas. Due to the availability of precise chronological and geochronological markers, in order to validate the use of C. glaucum in paleo sea level reconstruction, AMS 14C dating campaign was carried out on this bivalve deriving from several cores drilled in the Mar Piccolo basin and its nearby areas. Nineteen AMS 14C dating analyses carried out on C. glaucum sampled from different sediment cores up to a maximum of 30 m from the seafloor are presented. These results show an inconsistency of the ages in relation to a sea-level rise reconstruction model. The interpretation of the data was performed after the estimation of the local age offset calculated by analyzing six live samples, collected in 2017 in Mar Piccolo and in Croatia, and two samples dated to 1968–1969. The results show that for both the classes of samples (2017 and 1960s) an age offset ranging from 600 to 800 yr can be estimated.
Abrupt Increase of Radiocarbon Concentration in 660 BC in Tree Rings from Grabie Near Kraków (SE Poland)
Authors: Rakowski Andrzej , Krąpiec Marek , Huels Matthias , Pawlyta Jacek , Hamann Christian , Wiktorowski Damian 
Published: May 2019

AbstractMiyake et al. (2012, 2013, 2014) described a sudden increase of radiocarbon (14C) concentration in annual tree rings of Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica) and Hinoki cypress (Chamaecyparis obtusa) between AD 774 and 775 and between AD 993 and 994. In both analyzed periods, the sudden increase was observed almost in a single year. The increase in the 14C content was about 12‰ in the period AD 774–775 (Miyake et al. 2012) and about 11.3‰ in the period AD 993–994 (Miyake et al. 2013, 2014; Fogtmann-Schultz et al. 2017; Rakowski et al. 2018). A similar increase was observed in 660 BC, with a peak height of about 10‰ (Park et al. 2017). Single-year samples of dendrochronologically dated tree rings of deciduous oak (Quercus robur) from Grabie, a village near Krakow (SE Poland), spanning the years 670–652 BC, were collected and their 14C content was measured using an AMS technique. The results clearly show a rapid increase in the 14C concentration in tree rings around 660 BC similar to this observed in Park et al. (2017).
BLANKET BANS, SUBSIDIARITY, AND THE PROCEDURAL TURN OF THE EUROPEAN COURT OF HUMAN RIGHTS
Authors: Cumper Peter , Lewis Tom 
Published: May 2019

AbstractIn recent years several commentators have identified a ‘procedural turn’ by the European Court of Human Rights whereby it places increased emphasis on the presence or absence and/or quality of legislative and judicial deliberations at domestic level when assessing the proportionality of allegedly rights-infringing measures. One area where the procedural turn has been particularly apparent is in relation to cases involving blanket bans on activities protected by the European Convention. On most accounts this move to ‘process-based review’ is causally linked to the principle of subsidiarity. In this article it is argued that whilst the shift to process-based review may generally have sound justifications in terms of the subsidiary role of the European Court as compared to States parties to the Convention, there are nevertheless several ironic downsides to this approach in the case of blanket bans, in terms of the certainty and predictability of the Court's case law. Furthermore, and more critically, there may be serious consequences in terms of the rights protection afforded to vulnerable minorities within States who may be at the receiving end of such legislative blanket bans.
Maternal education and the multidimensionality of child health outcomes in India
Authors: Vikram Kriti , Vanneman Reeve 
Published: May 2019

AbstractMaternal education plays a central role in children’s health, but there has been little research comparing the role of maternal education across health outcomes. It is important to distinguish child health outcomes from medical care outcomes. Health outcomes such as short-term morbidity and stunting are multifactorial in origin and determined by a range of factors not necessarily under a mother’s control. Mother’s education, given the necessary structural factors such as medical centres, is likely to lead to increased access to, and uptake of, medical services. Using data from the 2004–05 India Human Development Survey, eight separate logistic regressions were carried out on 11,026 women of reproductive age and their last-born child under five years of age. The results showed that maternal education had the strongest association with medical care, immunization (except polio) and iron supplementation for pregnant mothers, moderate association with underweight and weak association with short-term diseases and stunting. In addition, the study investigated whether maternal education impacts child health and medical care outcomes through the intervening roles of empowerment and human, social and cultural capital. These intervening linkages were found to be missing for short-term diseases and stunting, bolstering the argument that the influence of maternal education is limited for these outcomes.
Unsettling the Anti-Welfare Commonsense: The Potential in Participatory Research with People Living in Poverty
Authors: PATRICK RUTH 
Published: May 2019

AbstractDrawing on participatory research with people living in poverty, this article details the possibilities inherent in this research tradition and its particular applicability and as yet often unrealised potential for poverty and social security research. The dominant framing of ‘welfare’ and poverty foregrounds elite political and politicised accounts, which place emphasis on individual and behavioural drivers of poverty, and imply that the receipt of ‘welfare’ is necessarily and inevitably problematic. A large body of academic evidence counters this framing, illustrating the extent to which popular characterisations are out of step with lived realities. What is often missing, however, are the voices and expertise of those directly affected by poverty and welfare reform. This article argues that placing experts by experience on poverty at the centre of research efforts is best understood as constituting a direct challenge to the marginalising and silencing of the voices and perspectives of people living in poverty. While this hints at participatory research’s great potential, it is vital also to recognise the inherent challenges of taking a participatory approach. Significantly, though, participatory research can undermine popular characterisations of poverty and welfare and provide opportunities for alternative narratives to emerge, narratives which could contribute to the building of a pro-welfare imaginary over time.
Fathers’ Uptake of Parental Leave: Forerunners and Laggards in Sweden, 1993–2010
Authors: MA LI , ANDERSSON GUNNAR , DUVANDER ANN-ZOFIE , EVERTSSON MARIE 
Published: May 2019

AbstractSweden is often considered a forerunner in family change and developments towards less gendered family production patterns. In this study, we focus on recent developments towards more gender-equal sharing of parental leave in Sweden. We explore how fathers’ use of parental leave has changed over time before and since the turn of the century. As the parental leave benefit is individual and earnings-based, we examine how fathers’ individual socio-economic and demographic characteristics are associated with their parental leave uptake over time, to determine whether there are forerunners and laggards in recent family change. Multinomial logistic regression models were applied to data from national registers. Our study demonstrates a bifurcation in trends in recent decades. This is associated with the extension of reforms that reserve part of the leave for fathers, the so-called “daddy months”, but stretches beyond the impact of any such reforms. Taking a long leave of over two months was pioneered by better-educated residents of metropolitan areas and surrounding suburbs, as well as Swedish-born fathers. Young fathers, low-income earners and foreign-born fathers lagged behind in these developments. We regard the unstable labour market situation of the latter as a contributing factor in widening social inequalities in family-related behaviour.