bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Total testosterone, sex hormone‐binding globulin, and free testosterone concentrations and risk of primary liver cancer: A prospective analysis of 200,000 men and 180,000 postmenopausal women
Authors: Watling Cody Z. , Kelly Rebecca K. , Watts Eleanor L. , Graubard Barry I. , Petrick Jessica L. , Matthews Charles E. , McGlynn Katherine A. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn most countries, males have ~2–3 times higher incidence of primary liver cancer than females. Sex hormones have been hypothesized to contribute to these differences, but the evidence remains unclear. Using data from the UK Biobank, which included ~200,000 males and ~180,000 postmenopausal females who provided blood samples at recruitment, we estimated hazard ratios (HR2) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for a doubling in hormone concentration from multivariable adjusted Cox regression for circulating total testosterone, sex‐hormone binding globulin (SHBG), and free testosterone concentrations and risk of primary liver cancer. After a median of 11.8 years of follow‐up, 531 cases of primary liver cancer were observed, of which 366 occurred in males and 165 occurred in females. Total testosterone and SHBG were shown to be positively associated with liver cancer risk in both males and females (Total testosterone HR2: 3.42, 95% CI:2.42–4.84 and 1.29, 0.97–1.72, respectively; SHBG HR2: 5.44, 4.42–6.68 and 1.52, 1.09–2.12, respectively). However, free testosterone was inversely associated with primary liver cancer in males (HR2: 0.42, 0.32–0.55) and no association was observed in females. When analyses compared two main liver cancer subtypes, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC), there was evidence of heterogeneity; associations for total testosterone and SHBG concentrations were only positively associated with HCC in both males (HR2: 3.56, 2.65–4.79 and 7.72, 6.12–9.73, respectively) and females (HR2: 1.65, 1.20–2.27 and 6.74, 3.93–11.5, respectively) but not with ICC. Further research understanding the mechanisms of how sex‐steroids may influence liver cancer risk is needed.
Influence of therapy exposures on specific late morbidities, prescription drug purchases, and mortality in aging male survivors of childhood cancer: A registry‐based study
Authors: Koskela Mikael , Korhonen Melanie , Haavisto Anu , Jahnukainen Kirsi 
Published: November 2024

AbstractChildhood cancer treatments predispose to late health problems and premature death. Our aim was to use national registry data to study associations between cancer therapy exposures and late health outcomes in aging male childhood cancer survivors (CCS). The study comprised 200 male CCS (survival ≥5 years) treated with conventional cancer therapy at a single institution in 1964–2000 and 1000 matched population controls. Analyses involved registry‐based data on prescription drug purchases, reimbursements for chronic conditions, hospital admissions, and deaths that occurred ≥5 years after the cancer diagnosis. Mean age of CCS was 45.4 years. Compared to population controls, CCS had a higher risk for hospital admissions due to cardiovascular diseases and late mortality, both of which increased after age 40 years. CCS also had a higher risk for purchases of antihypertensives and lipid‐lowering drugs within the last year of the study. Heart radiation ≥10 Gy was associated with hospitalizations due to cardiovascular diseases (HR 4.14, 95%CI 1.81–9.48), purchases of antihypertensives (OR 3.05, 95%CI 1.32–7.36), and purchases of lipid‐lowering drugs (OR 2.93, 95%CI 1.08–7.73). Testosterone deficiency developed typically during pediatric follow‐up, and it was associated with testicular radiation ≥20 Gy (HR 41.2, 95%CI 15.4–110) but not with alkylating agents. Of patients treated with testicular radiation ≥20 Gy, 91% had purchased testosterone within the last year. Reassuringly, CCS had no excess risk for purchases of opioids, anxiolytics, antiepileptics, or antidepressants. These findings emphasize the need for risk‐based follow‐up. Middle‐aged male CCS are at an increased risk of premature cardiovascular morbidity and excess mortality.
How does digital economy drive the high‐quality development of regional manufacturing?
Authors: Yang Deyan , Xiong Tingting 
Published: November 2024

AbstractDigital technologies promote economic progress. The digital economy drives the development of manufacturing. This paper explores the impact of the digital economy on the high‐quality development of manufacturing using panel data from the Yangtze River Economic Belt in China. Employing the entropy method, we first measure the level of the digital economy and the high‐quality development of manufacturing. Then, we divide the digital economy into three dimensions: the digital foundation, the digital application, and the digital innovation, and investigate how each dimension influences the high‐quality development of manufacturing. Results show that: (1) Both the digital economy level and the high‐quality development level of manufacturing exhibit steady growth, while the overall value of the Yangtze River Economic Belt stays low. (2) Three dimensions of the digital economy positively affect the high‐quality development of manufacturing, with the most noticeable effect of the digital innovation, followed by the digital application and the digital foundation. (3) Threshold effect tests demonstrate that both the digital foundation and the digital application exhibit a double threshold effect on the high‐quality development of the manufacturing, but the digital innovation has a single threshold effect. (4) Last but not the least, the digital foundation positively affects the high‐quality development of the manufacturing in downstream and upstream regions, but less apparently influences midstream regions by the heterogeneity analysis. Additionally, both the digital application and the digital innovation have significant effects on the high‐quality development of the manufacturing across all regions.
Civic Identity and Mental Health in Russia: The Role of Psychological Coping Strategies During Sanctions and Perceived Threat
Authors: Tatarko Alexander , Mironova Anna , Jurcik Tomas 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTWe explore the role of Russian civic identity in maintaining mental health in a challenging socioeconomic and political environment. The study was conducted on a sample of Russians in August 2022 after the beginning of the military conflict in Ukraine and the imposition of multiple sanctions on Russia. The sample included 384 respondents from 18 to 54 years old. The questionnaire included methods for assessing Russian civic identity, general psychological health, depression, and the psychological coping strategies in crisis situations. We explored whether Russian civic identity has direct, indirect, and total positive effects on general psychological health. The indirect effect was examined through psychological coping strategies, such as Reframing and Spiritual support. For depression reduction, the role of Russian civic identity was not significant as we did not find a statistically significant direct or total effect. However, we found a statistically significant indirect negative effect of civic identity on depression via a Reframing strategy. Thus, Russian civic identity may increase general psychological health and reduce depression through Reframing. Although the conflict is highly controversial geopolitically, our study findings may have important implications for other settings that may be involved in conflict or be under sanctions.
A switch from lysosomal degradation to secretory autophagy initiates osteogenic bone metastasis in prostate cancer
Authors: Wei Xiaoyu , Liang Mengmeng , Deng Min , Zheng Ji , Luo Fei , Ma Qinyu 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe identification of both autophagy‐related material degradation and unconventional secretion has paved the way for significant breakthroughs linking autophagy to a plethora of physiological processes and disease conditions. However, the mechanisms that coordinate these two pathways remain elusive. Here, we demonstrate that a switch from the lysosomal degradation to a secretory autophagy pathway is governed by protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B, encoded by PTPN1). Dephosphorylation at two tyrosine residues of syntaxin17 (STX17) by PTP1B reduces autophagosome‐lysosome fusion while switching the cells to a secretory autophagy pathway. Both PTP1B overexpression and tumour‐derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) can activate the secretory autophagy pathway in osteoblasts. Moreover, we demonstrate that osteoblastic LC3+ EVs, generated via the secretory autophagy pathway, are the primary contributor to tumour‐associated bone remodelling in prostate cancer. Depletion of tumour‐derived EVs secretion or genetic ablation of osteoblastic PTP1B rescues aberrant bone remodelling and lesions, highlighting the relevance between LC3+ EVs and the formation of bone metastatic niche. Our results reveal the significance of tumour‐regulated PTP1B in the fate decision of autophagosomes, and propose a role ofLC3+ EVs in shaping the bone metastatic niche.
Regulatory factors and climatic impacts of marine heatwaves over the Arctic Ocean from 1982 to 2020
Authors: Zhang Xiaojuan , Zheng Fei , Gong Zhiqiang 
Published: November 2024

AbstractArctic warming has been substantially greater than that in the rest of the world and has had an important influence on the global climate. This study first explores the temporal and spatial evolutionary characteristics of marine heatwaves (MHWs) over the Arctic Ocean in multiyear ice (MYI), first‐year ice (FYI), and open‐water (OPW) regions from 1982 to 2020. MHWs in the Arctic Ocean show obvious spatial and seasonal variations, mainly occurring over the FYI region in the JAS (July–August–September, JAS), and their occurrences have a significant increasing trend in recent decades, accompanied by an abrupt increase since 2010. Furthermore, a multivariable network‐based method is adopted to delineate the relationship between different climatic factors and MHWs in the Arctic Ocean and the climatic impacts of MHWs. The results show that the correlations between different climatic factors and MHWs in JAS in 2010–2020 are generally stronger than those in 1982–2009, and the main influencing factors of MHWs in different ice covers are different. MHWs in the MYI region are mainly affected by freshwater dilution processes, such as sea‐ice concentrations (SIC), precipitation, and mixed‐layer salinity. For the FYI region, the 2‐m air temperature and total heat flux mainly affect MHWs by thermodynamic processes, and the 500‐hPa geopotential height affects MHWs mainly by large‐scale atmospheric circulation. The MHWs in the OPW region are mainly related to the SIC, 850‐hPa geopotential height, and 10‐m v‐wind, indicating that they are correlated with atmospheric processes and wind fields. MHWs in JAS are also revealed to reduce or delay the formation of sea ice in OND (October–November–December, OND) by storing more abnormal heat, indicating that unfrozen ocean surfaces may lead to enhanced Arctic amplification in the following seasons.
Short range optical communication with GaN‐on‐Si microLED and microPD matrices
Authors: Le Maitre Patrick , Cibié Anthony , Rol Fabian , Jacob Stéphanie , Michit Nicolas , El Badaoui Sultan , Simon Julia , Miralles Bastien , Ballot Clément , Aventurier Bernard , De Martino Paolo 
Published: November 2024

Abstract(In)GaN microLEDs have reached a high degree of maturity due to their development in the lighting industry. Their robustness and high efficiency make them ideal candidates for high‐brightness, high‐resolution micro‐displays. Beyond display applications, microLEDs are being explored for non‐display uses, including wireless Visible Light Communication (VLC) and parallel communication via multicore fiber. This study investigates short‐range chip‐to‐chip optical communication using InGaN/GaN microLEDs and micro Photodiodes (microPDs). Leveraging processes developed for micro‐displays, we address the challenges of integrating GaN microLEDs and microPDs on ASICs. We outline the main figures of merit, including expected energy efficiency, optical coupling to multicore fibers or waveguides, and the spectral efficiency of InGaN/GaN microPDs correlated with TCAD simulation and experimental transmission results. Our study highlights the potential of GaN microLEDs and microPDs for massively parallel, energy‐efficient data transmission, paving the way for innovative short‐range and energy‐efficient optical communication solutions.
Accuracy and reliability of imaging modalities for studying bipolar bone loss in anterior shoulder instability: A systematic review
Authors: Adriani Marco , Saccomanno Maristella Francesca , Bergomi Andrea , De Filippo Francesco , Daffara Valerio , Milano Giuseppe 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTPurposeRecurrent shoulder instability, a common musculoskeletal disorder, often involves glenoid bone loss and Hill–Sachs lesions. However, the optimal imaging modality for accurately and reliably quantifying bipolar bone loss remains uncertain. This systematic review aims to evaluate the accuracy and reliability of various imaging modalities in assessing bipolar bone loss in anterior shoulder instability.MethodsMajor electronic databases were searched for English‐language studies reporting the measurement of glenoid track width and/or determination of on/off track HSL through imaging. Studies reporting statistical measures such as area under the curve, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, NPV, intraobserver reliability and interobserver reliability were included. Data extraction and risk of bias assessment were performed independently by two reviewers.ResultsThe systematic review included 19 studies comprising 1567 shoulders. Overall, studies could be divided into those looking at the accuracy or reliability of determining glenoid track width, on‐ or off‐track Hill–Sachs lesions and near‐track lesions. Three‐dimensional images of computed tomography (3D‐CT) was the most reliable and accurate imaging modality to measure the glenoid track width. On the opposite, two‐dimensional magnetic resonance imaging (2D‐MRI) did not provide enough evidence of accuracy and reliability in the determination of On/Off track lesions and near‐track lesions.Conclusion3D‐CT demonstrated excellent reliability for measuring glenoid track width. However, the reliability of 2D‐MRI for determining on/off track Hill–Sachs lesions is still controversial.Level of EvidenceLevel III.
Low‐constraint insert with a medial pivot design as a potential predictor of favourable outcomes in cruciate‐retaining total knee arthroplasty: A propensity score‐matched analysis
Authors: Okamoto Yoshinori , Saika Takafumi , Okayoshi Tomohiro , Ishitani Takashi , Wakama Hitoshi , Otsuki Shuhei 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPurposeThe influence of polyethylene insert conformity on the outcomes of cruciate‐retaining (CR) total knee arthroplasty (TKA) with a medial pivot design remains uncertain. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of polyethylene insert conformity in CR‐TKA on patient‐reported outcomes.MethodsThe data of 255 knees (FINE Total Knee System) from 255 patients were retrospectively analysed to compare outcomes for high‐ or low‐constraint medial pivot inserts, as determined through historical controls, over an average follow‐up period of 2.2 years (range, 2.0–5.5 years). Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify predictors of achieving the patient‐acceptable symptom state (PASS) for the Forgotten Joint Score‐12 (FJS‐12). Propensity score‐matched cohorts for age, sex, body mass index, Kellgren‐Lawrence grade, Charlson Comorbidity Index, knee flexion contracture, FJS‐12 and follow‐up duration were created for between‐group comparison (n = 50 in each group).ResultsLow‐constraint insert (p = 0.031) and age (p = 0.043) were independent predictors of achieving the PASS for the FJS‐12 (>33, 153/255). After successful matching, compared to the high‐constraint insert, the low‐constraint insert improved patient satisfaction (p = 0.029 for pain on going up or downstairs, and p = 0.047 for the function of going upstairs) and increased the likelihood of achieving the minimal clinically important difference (p = 0.019) and PASS (p = 0.025) for the FJS‐12. A significant correlation was observed between the posterior tibial slope and the FJS‐12 in the low‐constraint insert group (p < 0.001), indicating that a greater posterior tibial slope was associated with better functional outcomes in this group.ConclusionsCompared with high‐constraint inserts, low‐constraint medial pivot inserts yielded higher functional outcomes and patient satisfaction. Therefore, insert conformity may play a crucial role in CR‐TKA outcomes.Level of EvidenceLevel III.
Bias‐corrected high‐resolution vertical nitrate profiles from the CTD rosette‐mounted submersible ultraviolet nitrate analyzer
Authors: Zheng Bofu , Crockford E. Taylor , Zhang Weifeng (Gordon) , Ji Rubao , Sosik Heidi M. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractMeasurements by the submersible ultraviolet nitrate analyzer (SUNA) can be used to derive high‐resolution in situ nitrate concentration with reliable accuracy and precision. Here we report our operational practices for SUNA deployment (including pre‐cruise instrument preparation and in‐cruise instrument maintenance) and detailed post‐cruise nitrate quality control procedures for SUNA integrated onto the CTD rosette. This work is based on experiences and findings from over 500 individual SUNA casts collected from 24 cruises (of which 14 cruises have been quality controlled so far) over the past 5 yr. After applying previously published spectral corrections for temperature, salinity, and pressure effects, we found residual biases in SUNA nitrate estimates compared to independently measured discrete samples. We further develop and assess a new two‐step procedure to remove remaining biases: (1) a general temperature‐dependent adjustment at low‐nitrate concentrations; and (2) a cruise‐specific full‐range bias correction. Our final quality‐controlled SUNA nitrate data achieve an accuracy of 0.34–0.78 μM, with a precision of 0.08–0.21 μM, at a vertical resolution of 1 m. Additional comparisons between the nitrate and density data confirm the high quality of the quality‐controlled SUNA data. Although applying spectral correction algorithms increases the accuracy and precision of the instrument‐output nitrate concentration, we emphasize that additional constraints of SUNA measurements against other independent sources (e.g., bottle data, temperature, and density) are irreplaceable to ensure the accuracy of final nitrate data.
Exciton Dissociation and Long‐Lived Delayed Components in High‐Efficiency Quasi‐Two‐Dimensional Green Perovskite Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Sun Guanwei , Liao Sheng , Yang Guo‐Xi , Shen Chenyang , Hong Ling , Liu Denghui , Pu Junrong , Qiu Weidong , Chen Zijian , Yang Zhihai , Huang Fei , Li Ming‐De , Su Shi‐Jian 
Published: November 2024

AbstractQuasi‐two‐dimensional (quasi‐2D) perovskites, consisting of multi‐quantum wells (MQWs) separated by organic intercalating cations, exhibit high luminescence efficiency while the photophysical processes involved remain partially obscure due to the uncertainty of the MQWs structure. Herein, a synergetic dual‐additive strategy is adopted to prepare quasi‐2D perovskite films, where 18‐crown‐6 and tris(4‐fluorophenyl)phosphine oxide are utilized to suppress the formation of low‐dimensional perovskites, diminish defect density, and enhance photoluminescence quantum yield to 93.7%. Notably, a long‐lived delayed component, spanning hundreds of microseconds, is identified for the first time in perovskite emitters, which correlates with exciton dissociation and recombination, and the differences in temperature‐dependent radiative lifetime of the delayed components match with the luminescence properties. Finally, benefiting from lower trap density and more efficient energy‐funneling, green PeLEDs treated with dual additives have achieved a high external quantum efficiency of 28.9% and a commendable operating half‐lifetime of 17.8 h at an initial brightness of 500 cd m−2. The observation of the long‐lived delayed components, coupled with insights into exciton dissociation, provides a profound and comprehensive understanding of the fundamental carrier behavior in perovskite emitters and establishes a direct correlation between the properties of perovskite emitters and their photophysical processes.
Study on the Performance of Different Crystal Forms Nano MoS2 as Lubricant Additives in Reducing Wear and Friction
Authors: Peng Runling , Wang Wei , Du Hang , Liu Jinyue , Gao Zhan , Guo Junde , Cao Wei 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTIn order to investigate the anti‐friction and anti‐wear performance of different crystal forms nano MoS2 in paraffin oil. Freeze‐drying method combined with hydrothermal was used to prepare different crystal forms nano MoS2 and their microstructures were characterised by X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The anti‐friction and anti‐wear performance of MoS2 nanoparticles as lubricat additives under different working conditions was investigated by the ball‐and‐disk friction and wear testing machine and the mechanism of friction and wear reduction was investigated. The results showed that the thickness of the floral sheet MoS2 flakes was about 10 nm and the particle size of the spherical MoS2 was about 90 nm. When the addition concentration was 3 wt%, the friction coefficient of the floral sheet MoS2 in paraffin oil was lower at 0.094, which was 29.3% lower than that of the pure paraffin oil, the width of the abrasion marks was 24.2% lower than that of the pure paraffin oil and the wear rate was 71.6% lower than that of the pure paraffin oil; The friction coefficient of the spherical MoS2 with 2.5 wt% addition was 0.082, which was 38.3% lower than the friction coefficient of pure paraffin oil, 24.1% lower than that of paraffin oil in terms of wear scar width and 81.9% lower than that of paraffin oil in terms of wear rate.