bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Structural network topology correlates to cognitive impairment and iPTH level in End-stage renal disease patients with peritoneal dialysis
Authors: Wang Longsheng , Zou Liwei , Wu Hanqiu , Shan Yanqi , Zhao Ru , Liu Guiling , Tao Fangbiao , Zheng Suisheng , Gong Xijun 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Objective: The burden of cognitive impairment in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) undergoing peritoneal dialysis has received more attention lately. It is associated with hospitalization, mortality and poorer quality of life. We aimed to assess the topological alterations of the brain white matter structural network in ESRD and the correlation between network metrics with Montreal Cognitive Assessment scores and clinical data.
Methods: The study included 25 ESRD patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT group), 25 patients without SHPT (Non-SHPT group) and 25 healthy controls (HC group) of comparable age and sex. Montreal Cognitive Assessment was used to assess the cognitive function. The WM structural network was constructed by DTI technique, and then we used graph theoretical approaches to detect changes in the global and regional properties of the WM networks in these participants through deterministic tractography method.
Results: ESRD patients showed cognitive impairment compared to HC, and the SHPT patients had lower cognitive scores than the Non-SHPT patients. The global topological organization and local efficiency of the WM network was significantly disrupted in the SHPT but not in the Non-SHPT patients compared with the HC group. Moreover, lower regional efficiency was found in the ESRD patients, mainly distributed in the frontal and parietal cortices. In addition, an association was found between iPTH, shortest path length and cognitive impairment, and the iPTH level was negatively correlated with small-worldness by two indexes, the normalized clustering coefficient and the normalized shortest path length.
Conclusion: The present study indicated that the brain structural connectome in ESRD patients with high iPTH levels was disrupted in association with cognitive impairment and it is a potential connectome-based biomarker for early detection.
MiPepid: MicroPeptide identification tool using machine learning
Authors: Zhu Mengmeng , Gribskov Michael 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Background

Micropeptides are small proteins with a length <= 100 amino acids. They were traditionally ignored as few were discovered due to technical difficulties. In the past decade, a growing number of micropeptides have been shown to play significant roles in vital biological activities. Despite the increased amount of data, we still lack bioinformatics tools specifically for identifying micropeptides from DNA sequences. Indeed, most existing tools for classifying coding and noncoding ORFs were built on datasets in which “normal-sized” proteins are considered to be positives and short ORFs are generally considered to be noncoding. Since the functional and biophysical constraints on small peptides are likely to be different from those on “normal” proteins, methods for predicting short translated ORFs must be trained independently from those for longer proteins.

Results

In this study, we developed MiPepid, a machine-learning tool specifically for the identification of micropeptides. We trained MiPepid using carefully cleaned data from existing databases and logistic regression with 4-mer features. With only the sequence information of an ORF, MiPepid is able to predict whether it encodes a micropeptide with 96% accuracy on a blind dataset of high-confidence micropeptides, and to correctly classify newly discovered micropeptides not included in either the training or the blind test data. Compared with state-of-the-art coding potential prediction methods, MiPepid performs exceptionally well, as other methods incorrectly classify most bona fide micropeptides as noncoding. MiPepid is alignment-free and runs sufficiently fast for genome-scale analyses. It is easy to use and is available at https://github.com/MindAI/MiPepid.

Conclusion

MiPepid was developed to specifically predict micropeptides, a category of proteins with increasing significance, from DNA sequences. It shows evident advantages over existing coding potential prediction methods on micropeptide identification. It is ready to use and runs fast.
Missense mutations in a transmembrane domain of the Komagataeibacter xylinus BcsA lead to changes in cellulose synthesis
Authors: Salgado Luis , Blank Silvia , Esfahani Reza Alipour Moghadam , Strap Janice L. , Bonetta Dario 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Background

Cellulose is synthesized by an array of bacterial species. Komagataeibacter xylinus is the best characterized as it produces copious amounts of the polymer extracellularly. Despite many advances in the past decade, the mechanisms underlying cellulose biosynthesis are not completely understood. Elucidation of these mechanisms is essential for efficient cellulose production in industrial applications.

Results

In an effort to gain a better understanding of cellulose biosynthesis and its regulation, cellulose crystallization was investigated in K. xylinus mutants resistant to an inhibitor of cellulose I formation, pellicin. Through the use of forward genetics and site-directed mutagenesis, A449T and A449V mutations in the K. xylinus BcsA protein were found to be important for conferring high levels of pellicin resistance. Phenotypic analysis of the bcsAA449T and bcsAA449V cultures revealed that the mutations affect cellulose synthesis rates and that cellulose crystallinity is affected in wet pellicles but not dry ones.

Conclusions

A449 is located in a predicted transmembrane domain of the BcsA protein suggesting that the structure of the transmembrane domain influences cellulose crystallization either by affecting the translocation of the nascent glucan chain or by allosterically altering protein-protein interactions.
A pragmatic pilot randomized phase II controlled trial of Prothrombin Complex Concentrates (PCC) versus Fresh Frozen Plasma (FFP) in adult patients who are Undergoing Heart Surgery (PROPHESY)
Authors: Green Laura , Roberts Neil , Cooper Jackie , Field Jane , Gill Ravi , Klein Andrew , Agarwal Seema , Stanworth Simom , Johnston Atholl , Monk Vivienne , O’Brien Ben 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Background

Fresh Frozen Plasma (FFP) is the accepted standard treatment for clotting factor replacement in bleeding patients during, or immediately after cardiac surgery. In the United Kingdom (UK) prothrombin complex concentrate (PCC) is not licensed in this setting although it is being used in Europe, because it has a higher concentration of clotting factor levels, and it can be administered rapidly and in small volume, resulting in less volume overload during cardiac surgery.

Methods

PROPHESY is a pragmatic single-centre, open-label, randomized, controlled pilot trial that will assess whether it is feasible to perform a large trial in the future that will compare PCC versus FFP in patients who are bleeding (not on warfarin) and who require blood transfusion. Over a 15-month period, 50 patients will be randomized to PCC versus FFP if they develop active bleeding within 24 hours of cardiac surgery, and for whom the clinician has decided to administer FFP for treatment of bleeding. Standard laboratory and Point-of-Care assessments will be performed as per routine practice, and additional research blood samples will be taken at three time-points to assess haemostasis. Subjects will be assessed daily up to hospital discharge or 30 days or death (whichever occurs first) and will be followed up for 90 days after surgery to assess for thromboembolic complications, and hospital re-admission since discharge. Quality of life assessment will be performed pre-surgery and at 90 days. We will also perform qualitative research with clinical experts and patients to explore the understanding and experience with the interventions, and adherence to study procedures and protocol.

Discussion

There have been no randomized control trials that have compared the safety and efficacy of FFP versus PCC in cardiac surgery in patients who are bleeding. This pilot study will assess if individual components of a large trial are deliverable to assess the safety and efficacy of the two blood products in the future.
Bifunctional Cu2-xSe-decorated hierarchical TiO2 nanotube mesh with solar water evaporation and photodegradation effects for clean water generation
Authors: Ren Peng , Yang Xiuchun 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
The desalination and purification of sea or brackish water by utilizing solar energy are considered to be the most feasible solutions to overcome the problems of water shortage and pollution. In this study, a bifunctional Cu2-xSe-decorated hierarchical TiO2 nanotube mesh (CTNM) was designed and synthesized successfully for both solar water evaporation and photodegradation. Cu2-xSe enhances solar light absorption and solar water evaporation performance as a low-cost absorber because of its localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) effect. Meanwhile, the formation of the p-Cu2-xSe/n-TiO2 heterojunction improves the photodegradation performance by increasing separation and transport of photogenerated charge carriers. Hence, CTNM has a relatively high solar water evaporation conversion efficiency of 83.06% and also can photodegrade 95% of methyl orange after 3 h under 2.5 kW m−2 simulated solar irradiation, which demonstrate the extremely high utilization ratio of solar energy of CTNM.
A Computer - Aided Drug Designing for Pharmacological Inhibition of Mutant ALK for the Treatment of Non-small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Sharda Saphy , Khandelwal Ravina , Adhikary Ritu , Sharma Diksha , Majhi Manisha , Hussain Tajamul , Nayarisseri Anuraj , Singh Sanjeev Kumar 
Published: May 2019

Background:
Lung cancer is the most common among all the types of cancer worldwide with
1.8 million people diagnosed every year, leading to 1.6 million deaths every year according to the American
cancer society. The involvement of mutated Anaplasic Lymphoma Kinase (ALK) positive fusion
protein in the progression of NSCLC has made a propitious target to inhibit and treat NSCLC. In the
present study, the main motif is to screen the most effective inhibitor against ALK protein with the potential
pharmacological profile. The ligands selected were docked with Molegro Virtual Docker (MVD) and
CEP-37440 (PubChem CID- 71721648) was the best docked pre-established compound with a permissible
pharmacological profile.

Methods:
The selected ligands were docked with Molegro Virtual Docker (MVD). With reference to the
obtained compound with the lowest re-rank score, PubChem database was virtually screened to retrieve a
large set of similar compounds which were docked to find the compound with higher affinity. Further
comparative studies and in silico prediction included pharmacophore studies, proximity energy parameters,
ADMET and BOILED-egg plot analysis.

Results:
CEP-37440 (PubChem CID- 71721648) was the best docked pre-established compound with
preferable pharmacological profile and PubChem compound CID-123449015 came out as the most efficient
virtually screened inhibitor. Interestingly, the contours of the virtual screened compound PubChem
CID- 123449015 fall within our desired high volume cavity of protein having admirable property to control
the ALK regulation to prevent carcinogenesis in NSCLC. BOILED-Egg plot analysis depicts that
both the compounds have analogous characteristics in the divergent aspects. Moreover, in the evaluations
of Blood Brain Barrier, Human Intestinal Absorption, AMES toxicity, and LD50, the virtually screened
compound (PubChem CID-123449015) was found within high optimization.

Conclusion:
These investigations denote that the virtually screened compound (PubChem CID-
123449015) is more efficient to be a better prospective candidate for NSCLC treatment having good
pharmacological profile than the pre-established compound CEP-37440 (PubChem CID- 71721648) with
low re-rank score. The identified virtually screened compound has high potential to act as an ALK inhibitor
and can show promising results in the research of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
The Prevalence of Allergic Rhinitis among Iranian Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Kalmarzi Rasoul N. , Ataee Pedram , Fathollahpour Asadollah , Behzadifar Masoud , Moradi Maryam , Sharifian Faezeh , Kalani Navid , Kooti Wesam 
Published: May 2019

Background:The prevalence of allergic rhinitis in the world is 10-15%, and it is currently the most common chronic disease among children. There is no comprehensive statistics about the prevalence of allergic rhinitis among Iranian children, therefore, this systematic review and metaanalysis was conducted to evaluate the prevalence of allergic rhinitis among the Iranian children.Methods:The present study was conducted based on Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) checklist. The data was collected using key words including allergic rhinitis, prevalence, epidemiology, child OR children, pediatrics and Iran, in international databases including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane, Embase, and three national databases including Magiran, Iran Medex, and Scientific Information Databank (SID) till December 2018. The STROBE checklist was used for quality assessment. The data were analyzed using STATA software version 12.1.Results:The prevalence of allergic rhinitis in children and adolescents were 18% (99.7% CI: 10-28% with publication bias of 0.174) and 25% (99.8% CI: 17-33 with publication bias of 0.617) respectively. The prevalence of allergic rhinitis in males was estimated to be 27% (99.4% CI: 17-36) with publication bias of 0.538 and in females was 23% (99.4% CI: 14-31) with publication bias of 0.926.Conclusion:The prevalence of allergic rhinitis is approximately high among Iranian children and adolescents; thus, educational strategies should be considered to decrease the prevalence of this disease in Iran.
GIANT COLONIC POLYPS IN PEDIATRIC PATIENT WITH FAMILIAL ADENOMATOUS POLYPOSIS
Authors: Djurić Zlatko , Nagorni Aleksandar , Jovičić-Milentijević Maja , Maksimović Jelisaveta 
Published: May 2019

This article describes a 16-year-old girl with signs of malnutrition, rectal bleeding, hypoalbuminemia and anemia. At the age of 6 months she was operated on for hepatoblastoma. Last two years she has been followed by endocrinologist because of amenorrhea. Her family history was unremarkable. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy revealed multiple small gastric polyps. Colonoscopy showed a few polyps in rectum and hundreds of them (3-25 mm in diameter) in sigmoid and descending colon. Giant colonic polyps at splenic flexure region prevented further passage of the scope. The diagnosis of FAP was established based on the endoscopy and pathology of colonic polyps removed by snare polypectomy. Extraintestinal manifestations of FAP have not been detected. The patient underwent prophylactic surgery (restorative proctocolectomy). The post-operative course was uneventful. In our knowledge, this is the first report of giant colonic polyps in a pediatric patient suffering from FAP. This clinical syndrome can be presented not only with different genetic backgrounds and diverse clinical pictures but also with intriguing endoscopic findings.
CAMOUFLAGE THERAPY OF HYPOPLASIA OF THE MAXILLA. CASE REPORT
Authors: Perović Tatjana , Aleksić Ilija , Blazej Zorica 
Published: May 2019

Maxillary hypoplasia is one of the forms of class III malocclusion. On average, 60% class III malocclusions are characterized by maxillary underdevelopment in all three directions. Anomalies in position, size and the shape of facial bones, maxilla in particular, usually appear in childhood, become more pronounced in adolescence until the end of the growth period. The aim of the paper is to show the camouflage treatment of the patient in adolescence with maxillary hypoplasia. Using the RME method in the upper jaw, extraction in the lower jaw and fixed orthodontic devices in both jaws, a satisfactory result was achieved.
PENGARUH TEKANAN STAKEHOLDER DAN CORPORATE GOVERNANCE TERHADAP KUALITAS SUSTAINABILITY REPORT
Authors: Suharyani Rini 
Published: May 2019

The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of stakeholder pressure and corporate governance on the sustainability report quality in the companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for 2017. The research sample numbered 28 with purposive sampling technique. Data collection techniques with secondary data. Data is taken in the form of published data on the official website of the companies. Data analysis uses Content Analysis and WarpPLS 6.0. Based on the results of the study found stakeholder pressure have a significance positive effect on the sustainability report quality and corporate governance have a significance positive effect on the sustainability report quality. Keywords: Sustainability Report, Stakeholder Pressure, Corporate Governance
Oral Hypoglycemics in Patients with type 2 Diabetes and Peripheral Artery Disease
Authors: Rannelli Luke , Kaplovitch Eric , Anand Sonia 
Published: May 2019

Worldwide, in 2010, 202 million people were living with PAD, with a prevalence between 3-12 percent. The prevalence of PAD is three times greater in diabetic patients compared to those with normal glycaemia. PAD of the limbs is associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, as well as major adverse limb events including acute limb ischemia and amputation. These risks are particularly high in patients who smoke and/or have type 2 diabetes. The goal of treatment in diabetic patients with PAD is to prevent cardiovascular events and prevent further peripheral artery stenosis leading to limb ischemia, and amputation. Poor glycemic control contributes to atherosclerotic progression; however, no randomized control trial evidence exists that demonstrates improved glycemic control reduces the risk of PAD. Oral diabetic medications are designed to lower glucose levels, reduce symptoms and the microvascular complications of diabetes without the inconvenience of daily injections. However, the data supporting benefit of these medications in diabetic populations with concurrent PAD are limited. We review the evidence for oral hypoglycemic agents in the treatment of patients with concurrent PAD and diabetes.
Closing the Knowledge Gap: Hepatitis B Reactivation in Immunosuppression
Authors: Daghistani Yassir M , To Fergus , Yoshida Eric M , Doyle Patrick , Ko Hin Hin , Krajden Mel , Kur Jason , Ramji Alnoor , Shojania Kam , Tam Edward , Wade John , Reid Graham , Erb Siegfried , Carruthers Mollie 
Published: May 2019

Background
The usage of immunosuppressive medications (ISMs), and specifically disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs), in a wide range of internal medicine subspecialties has increased the risk of hepatitis B virus re-activation (HBVr). We assessed the understanding of HBVr using a Canada-wide survey.
Methods
An electronic survey was sent to 521 members of the Canadian Rheumatology Association (CRA). The questions focused on the knowledge of screening, monitoring and management of patients with chronic or past infection with HBV in the setting of starting ISMs.The results were compared to the American Gastroenterology Association (AGA) guidelines.
Results
A total of142 respondents were included in the analysis (response rate = 27.3%). Over 50% of the respondents would order unnecessary tests such as anti-HBs or anti-HBc for monitoring a HBsAg positive patient on an ISMs. There were 43% of responders who answered incorrectly to starting anti-viral prophylaxis for HBsAg positive patients on synthetic DMARDs (sDMARDs).
Conclusion
There are some knowledge gaps amongst physicians managing rheumatology patients with chronic or past infection with HBV in the setting of ISMs. The AGA guidelines were summarized and incorporated into a user-friendly guide.
Thoughts on Clinical Medicine
Authors: Baillie Hector M 
Published: May 2019

These days, more time is spent at the computer than engaging in patient contact. And yet it is the 1:1 relationship between doctor and patient that allows us into the magical world of problem solving, differential diagnosis and management. The author shares some perspectives gained from a career in community internal medicine, in the hope that new internists will value the Art - as well as the Science - of Medicine.
The Kinney Three Paragraphs (and More) for Accounting Ph.D. Students
Authors: Kinney William R. 
Published: May 2019

SYNOPSIS
This Commentary is intended to help beginning Ph.D. students identify, evaluate, and communicate essential components of proposed empirical accounting research using a three-step process. The first step is a structured top-down approach of writing answers to three related questions—What, Why, How—that emphasize the central role of conceptual thinking in research design, as well as practical relevance. The second step is a predictive validity assessment that anticipates concerns likely to arise in the scholarly review process, and the third is consideration of the likely outcome and potential problems to be encountered if the proposal is implemented as planned. First-hand accounts of Ph.D. student experiences using the three paragraphs and three-step approach are presented, along with an exercise that beginners can use to help themselves identify, analyze, and anticipate problems to improve chances for research success ex ante.
Multidimensional Audit Data Selection (MADS): A Framework for Using Data Analytics in the Audit Data Selection Process
Authors: No Won Gyun , Lee Kyungha (Kari) , Huang Feiqi , Li Qiao 
Published: May 2019

SYNOPSIS
Advances in data analytics techniques allow auditors to process the entire population of transaction data to identify outliers (i.e., unusual/suspicious transactions) that are more likely to be subject to misstatement. However, these techniques often generate a large number of outliers, making it impractical for auditors to investigate them in their entirety when performing substantive tests. This study proposes a Multidimensional Audit Data Selection (MADS) framework that provides a systematic approach for auditors to use data analytics in the audit data selection process. The framework also addresses a common obstacle of applying data analytics to the entire population of data—dealing with a potentially large number of outliers. By identifying problematic items from the entire population using data analytics and then applying prioritization methodologies to the resulting items, this framework allows auditors to focus on items with a higher risk of material misstatement and ultimately enhance the effectiveness of the audit.