bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Capturing Reversible Cation Migration in Layered Structure Materials for Na‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Zhang Xiaoyu , Guo Shaohua , Liu Pan , Li Qi , Xu Sheng , Liu Yijie , Jiang Kezhu , He Ping , Chen Mingwei , Wang Peng , Zhou Haoshen 
Published: April 2019

AbstractNa‐ion batteries are promising for large‐scale energy storage due to the low cost and earth abundance of the sodium resource. Despite tremendous efforts being made to improve the battery performance, some fundamental mechanism issues still are not sufficiently understood. One such issue in the most popularized layered structure materials is the potential cation migration into sodium layers, which would highly affect the energy efficiency thus hindering its widespread use in the future. Here a systematic study of the cation migration in layered structure materials is presented and its relationship with voltage hysteresis is disclosed. Using the high‐angle annular dark field‐scanning transmission electron microscopy and in operando X‐ray diffraction as implements, for the first time, the reversible migration of the transition metal between transition metal layers and sodium layers is captured. The research inspires a novel insight into the cation migration related layered materials, which should be considered for future battery design toward conventional use.
Incidence of postoperative complications in transabdominal preperitoneal repair for groin hernia is influenced by poor performance status rather than by old age
Authors: Egawa Noriyuki , Nakamura Jun , Manabe Tatsuya , Iwasaki Hironori , Noshiro Hirokazu 
Published: April 2019

AbstractAimThe present study was designed to evaluate the safety and feasibility of transabdominal preperitoneal (TAPP) repair for very old patients with groin hernia and to identify the risk factors predicting perioperative complications.MethodsA total of 140 patients treated by TAPP were reviewed retrospectively. They were divided into two groups: patients ≥80 years of age (≥80 years group; n = 26) and those <80 years of age (<80 years group; n = 114). Patient characteristics and surgical outcomes were then statistically compared between the two groups.ResultsNumber of patients with any comorbidities was significantly higher in the ≥80 years group than in the <80 years group (96.2% vs 61.4%, P = 0.003). There were no significant differences in surgical outcomes between the two groups. In the univariate analysis of perioperative complications, poor performance status (PS) (P = 0.014), lower hemoglobin level (P = 0.038) and lower albumin level (P = 0.016) were significantly associated with the occurrence of postoperative complications, and multivariate analysis showed that only poor PS was an independent factor (PS 0‐2 vs 3‐4: P = 0.034, OR 5.192 [95% CI; 1.137 to 23.71]).ConclusionsThis is the first report to show that the incidence of postoperative complications in TAPP repair for groin hernia is influenced by poor PS rather than old age. TAPP can be a safe surgical procedure for very old patients with a good PS, with benefits that are equal to those in young patients.
Prognostic value of minimal residual disease and polyclonal plasma cells in myeloma patients achieving a complete response to therapy
Authors: Tschautscher Marcella A. , Jevremovic Dragan , Rajkumar Vincent , Dispenzieri Angela , Lacy Martha Q. , Gertz Morie A. , Buadi Francis K. , Dingli David , Hwa Yi L. , Fonder Amie L. , Hobbs Miriam A. , Hayman Suzanne R. , Zeldenrust Steven R. , Lust John A. , Russell Stephen J. , Leung Nelson , Kapoor Prashant , Go Ronald S. , Lin Yi , Gonsalves Wilson I. , Kourelis Taxiarchis , Warsame Rahma , Kyle Robert A. , Kumar Shaji K. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractAchievement of a complete response has been associated with improved outcomes in patients with multiple myeloma. Recently, increasing application of minimal residual disease (MRD) assessment has shown that MRD negativity is a powerful prognostic factor for survival outcomes. We wanted to examine the impact of the polyclonal plasma cell (pPC) compartment among patients in complete response (CR) but are MRD positive. This is a retrospective cohort study where 460 myeloma patients were identified who met criteria for CR and had multicolor flow cytometry performed on the bone marrow (BM). Monoclonal and pPCs were estimated during MRD testing. Final outcomes including overall survival (OS) and time to next treatment (TTNT) were compared among the groups. The median OS for the entire cohort was not reached (95% CI; 63 mos, NR) and the median TTNT was 31 months (95% CI; 27,36). Among the MRDneg group, median TTNT was 37.6 months vs 23 months for MRDpos patients (P < .001); the median OS was not reached for either group, but there was a trend toward better survival for MRDneg patients. Among the MRDpos group, median percentage of pPCs was 65% (2.5–98.5), and those with >95% pPCs had a significantly better TTNT (NR vs 23 months; P = .02) and a trend toward better OS. We conclude that achievement of MRD negativity predicts for better response durability and trend toward improved OS and an increased proportion of pPC predicts for better outcomes within those who have residual tumor cells highlighting the importance of marrow normalization.
Visible‐Light‐Induced Difluoroacetylation of O‐(Allyloxy)Aryl‐Aldehydes: Access to Difluoroacetylated Chroman‐4‐ones
Authors: Zhou Nengneng , Wu Meixia , Zhang Man , Zhou Xiaoqiang 
Published: April 2019

AbstractA visible‐light photoredox‐catalyzed radical cascade cyclization for the synthesis of various difluoroacetylated chroman‐4‐ones is described in this communication. This reaction features high functional‐group tolerance, mild reaction conditions, and excellent functional‐group compatibility.
Cord injury after spinal anaesthesia in a patient with previously undiagnosed Klippel–Feil syndrome
Authors: Stevens E. , Williams B. , Kock N. , Kitching M. , Simpson M. P. 
Published: April 2019

SummaryThis report presents an obstetric patient with no significant past medical history who underwent spinal anaesthesia for a category‐three caesarean section. On examination, she had asymmetrical scapular alignment and a mild scoliosis of the lumbar spine with no functional limitation. Postoperatively the patient developed neuropathic pain symptoms in the right leg which failed to resolve with conventional analgesia. Cervical and lumbar spine magnetic resonance imaging was performed resulting in a diagnosis of a low‐lying tethered spinal cord terminating at the level of L5 and congenital fusion of the C7/T1 vertebrae. A tethered spinal cord is a rare condition, which in this case had been completely asymptomatic. However, we suggest that the patient displayed musculoskeletal signs not previously widely reported, which could have indicated the presence of a potential underlying neural tube defect. Based on the imaging findings and the presence of Sprengel's deformity, the patient was diagnosed with Klippel–Feil syndrome.
Crosslinked quaternized poly(arylene ether sulfone) copolymer membrane applied in an electric double‐layer capacitor for high energy density
Authors: Huo Pengfei , Xun Zhiyu , Ni Shoupeng , Liu Yang , Wang Guibin , Gu Jiyou 
Published: April 2019

ABSTRACTThe low energy density of supercapacitors, especially supercapacitors based on aqueous electrolytes, is the main factor limiting their application, and the energy density is closely related to the operating potential window of the supercapacitor. The polymer electrolyte is the main contributor to the safe operation and good ion conductivity of the supercapacitor. In this study, a crosslinked quaternized poly(arylene ether sulfone) (PAES) membrane was prepared via crosslinking during membrane formation with a thermal‐only treatment and applied in an electric double‐layer capacitor (EDLC). The pre‐prepared PAES membrane formed a polymer electrolyte with 1 mol/L Li2SO4and was then fabricated into an EDLC single cell. The properties of both the membrane and ELDC were investigated. The preferred cPAES‐N‐0.2 polymer electrolyte showed an ionic conductivity of 1.18 mS/cm. The optimized EDLC exhibited a single‐electrode gravimetric capacitance of 104.92 F/g at a current density of 1.0 A/g and a high operating potential window (1.5 V); it, thereby, achieved a high energy density of 8.20 W h/kg. The EDLC also exhibited excellent cycling properties over 3000 charge–discharge cycles. The crosslinked structures promoted the tensile strength and thermal stability of the PAES membranes; this was accompanied by a slight decrease in the ionic conductivity. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci.2019,136, 47759.
Prediction of the Quantity and Purity of an Antibody Capture Process in Real Time
Authors: Walch Nicole , Scharl Theresa , Felföldi Edit , Sauer Dominik G. , Melcher Michael , Leisch Friedrich , Dürauer Astrid , Jungbauer Alois 
Published: April 2019

Regulatory recommendations for quality by design instead of quality by testing raise increasing interest in new sensor technologies. An online monitoring system for downstream processes is developed, which is based on an array of online detectors. Besides standard detectors (UV, pH, and conductivity), our chromatographic workstation is equipped with a fluorescence and a mid‐infrared spectrometer, a light scattering, and a refractive index detector. The combination of these sensors enables the prediction of specific protein concentration and various purity attributes, such as high molecular weight impurities, DNA and host cell protein content during the elution phase of a chromatographic antibody capture process. Prediction models solely based on online signals are set up providing real‐time predictions. No mechanistic models or information about the chromatographic runs is used. These predictions allow online pooling decisions replacing time‐ and labor‐intensive laboratory measurements. Different process variations, such as changes in the column load or elution buffer, are introduced to test the predictive power of the models. Extrapolation of the models worked well when the column load is changed, whereas model adjustment is necessary when the elution conditions are changed considerably.
Analysis of the Particle Clustering Phenomenon in the Fluid Catalytic Cracking of Gasoil in a Downer Reactor
Authors: Gomez Noel , Molina Alejandro 
Published: April 2019

AbstractA large eddy simulation (LES)‐discrete element method (DEM) investigation was carried out to study particle clusters in a canonical downer reactor during the fluid catalytic cracking of gasoil. The analysis considered two cases: with and without chemical reactions. The results of the system under cold‐flow conditions for the frequency and mean lifetime of clusters were in good agreement with experimental data. The changes in the hydrodynamic conditions generated by the cracking reactions led to clusters with shorter mean lifetime but higher frequency compared to the system without chemical reactions. Additionally, the frequency and mean lifetime of clusters were successfully correlated to an empirical expression as a function of the particle Reynolds number and the Stokes number, which summarize the hydrodynamic conditions of the downer.
Fabrication of Bone Scaffolds from Cockle Shell Waste
Authors: Saharudin Siti Hajar , Shariffuddin Jun Haslinda , Nordin Noor Ida Amalina Ahamad 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBone scaffold is a three‐dimensional structure composed of materials that could enhance bone regeneration. Bone scaffolds were prepared using freeze‐drying by varying the cockle shell powder concentration where sodium alginate acted as matrix. The scaffolds were then characterized by X‐ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy, texture analyzer, and liquid displacement method. The bioactivity of the scaffolds was evaluated by immersion into a simulated body fluid solution. Cockle shell powder concentrations affected the bone scaffold characteristics. The increment of the powder concentrations improved the physicochemical properties and bioactivity of the scaffolds.
Silver Nanoparticle/Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube Hybrid as an Efficient Electrocatalyst for the Oxygen Reduction Reaction in Alkaline Medium
Authors: Guo Lulu , Xiang Li , Li Fujie , Liu Xiaoteng , Xing Lei , Li Degui , Luo Zhihong , Luo Kun 
Published: April 2019

AbstractA straightforward approach is employed to synthesize silver nanoparticle/multiwalled carbon nanotube (Ag/MWNTs) hybrids through the direct reduction of silver nitrate in the presence of MWNTs, where Ag nanoparticles capped with tris(hydroxymethyl)phosphine oxide (d=2.9 nm) are uniformly deposited on MWNTs. The as‐synthesized Ag/MWNTs hybrids exhibit high catalytic activity toward the oxygen reduction, which increases with the loading amount of Ag nanoparticles. Rotating disk electrode and rotating ring‐disk electrode analyses further indicate that the Ag/MWNTs hybrids follow the same four‐electron pathway towards the oxygen reduction reaction as the Pt/C catalyst, and the Ag/MWNTs hybrid (22.8 wt.%) manifests comparable catalytic activity to the 20 % Pt/C catalyst, together with superior long‐term stability and methanol tolerance, demonstrating the potential application on direct methanol fuel cells as an effective oxygen reduction catalyst.
Low‐Cost Layered K0.45Mn0.9Mg0.1O2 as a High‐Performance Cathode Material for K‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Liu Cai‐ling , Luo Shao‐hua , Huang Hong‐bo , Zhai Yu‐chun , Wang Zhao‐wen 
Published: April 2019

AbstractNovel, potassium‐deficient, layered P3‐K0.45Mn0.9Mg0.1O2 is successfully prepared through a simple solid‐state reaction method; its electrochemical performance as a cathode material for K‐ion batteries is explored for the first time. The as‐prepared K0.45Mn0.9Mg0.1O2 delivers a high reversible capacity of 108 mAh g−1 at a current density of 20 mA g−1 in the potential region from 1.5 to 4.0 V. Moreover, the cyclability is enhanced by Mg substitution. After 100 cycles, the capacity of K0.45Mn0.9Mg0.1O2 can remain at about 80.8 mAh g−1 at 20 mA g−1. It also presents an excellent rate performance of 69.8 mAh g−1 even at a high current density of 200 mA g−1. Furthermore, the potassium storage mechanism is studied by using the ex situ XRD technique. These results contribute to the development of rechargeable K‐ion batteries based on earth‐abundant elements.
Chemical Validation of DegS As a Target for the Development of Antibiotics with a Novel Mode of Action
Authors: Bongard Jens , Schmitz Anna Laura , Wolf Alex , Zischinsky Gunther , Pieren Michel , Schellhorn Birgit , Bravo‐Rodriguez Kenny , Schillinger Jasmin , Koch Uwe , Nussbaumer Peter , Klebl Bert , Steinmann Jörg , Buer Jan , Sanchez‐Garcia Elsa , Ehrmann Michael , Kaiser Markus 
Published: April 2019

AbstractDespite the availability of hundreds of antibiotic drugs, infectious diseases continue to remain one of the most notorious health issues. In addition, the disparity between the spread of multidrug‐resistant pathogens and the development of novel classes of antibiotics exemplify an important unmet medical need that can only be addressed by identifying novel targets. Herein we demonstrate, by the development of the first in vivo active DegS inhibitors based on a pyrazolo[1,5‐a]‐1,3,5‐triazine scaffold, that the serine protease DegS and the cell envelope stress‐response pathway σE represent a target for generating antibiotics with a novel mode of action. Moreover, DegS inhibition is synergistic with well‐established membrane‐perturbing antibiotics, thereby opening promising avenues for rational antibiotic drug design.
Characterization of the relaxin family peptide receptor 3 system in the mouse bed nucleus of the stria terminalis
Authors: Ch'ng Sarah S. , Fu Jingjing , Brown Robyn M. , Smith Craig M. , Hossain Mohammed Akhter , McDougall Stuart J. , Lawrence Andrew J. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST) is a critical node involved in stress and reward‐related behaviors. Relaxin family peptide receptor 3 (RXFP3) signaling in the BNST has been implicated in stress‐induced alcohol seeking behavior. However, the neurochemical phenotype and connectivity of BNST RXFP3‐expressing (RXFP3+) cells have yet to be elucidated. We interrogated the molecular signature and electrophysiological properties of BNST RXFP3+ neurons using a RXFP3‐Cre reporter mouse line. BNST RXFP3+ cells are circumscribed to the dorsal BNST (dBNST) and are neurochemically heterogeneous, comprising a mix of inhibitory and excitatory neurons. Immunohistochemistry revealed that ~48% of BNST RXFP3+ neurons are GABAergic, and a quarter of these co‐express the calcium‐binding protein, calbindin. A subset of BNST RXFP3+ cells (~41%) co‐express CaMKIIα, suggesting this subpopulation of BNST RXFP3+ neurons are excitatory. Corroborating this, RNAscope® revealed that ~35% of BNST RXFP3+ cells express vVGluT2 mRNA, indicating a subpopulation of RXFP3+ neurons are glutamatergic. RXFP3+ neurons show direct hyperpolarization to bath application of a selective RXFP3 agonist, RXFP3‐A2, while around 50% of cells were depolarised by exogenous corticotrophin releasing factor. In behaviorally naive mice the majority of RXFP3+ neurons were Type II cells exhibiting Ih and T type calcium mediated currents. However, chronic swim stress caused persistent plasticity, decreasing the proportion of neurons that express these channels. These studies are the first to characterize the BNST RXFP3 system in mouse and lay the foundation for future functional studies appraising the role of the murine BNST RXFP3 system in more complex behaviors.
Corporate social responsibility and employee performance: Mediation role of job satisfaction and affective commitment
Authors: Story Joana S. P. , Castanheira Filipa 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe positive impact of corporate social responsibility (CSR) practices has been recognized over the past years. Recently, research has looked into the impact of CSR practices on employee behavior demonstrating positive results. Drawing from a sample of 190 supervisor‐subordinate dyads, we studied the relationship between perceived CSR practices (external and internal) and employee performance (supervisor‐rated) and two mechanisms that explain this relationship. Specifically, we studied if this relationship was mediated by employees' job satisfaction and affective commitment. Results indicate that there is a direct link between perceptions of external CSR and performance and that job satisfaction partially mediates this relationship. Also, perceptions of internal CSR are related to higher performance via job satisfaction, supporting full mediation. On the other hand, although both internal and external CSR were related to affective commitment, affective commitment did not act as a mediator for the CSR‐performance relationship. Implications for practice and limitations of this study conclude the article.
Oxidative Coupling of 3‐Oxindoles with Indoles and Arenes
Authors: Kang Houng , Jemison Adriana L. , Nigro Erin , Kozlowski Marisa C. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractA highly efficient method for the oxidative coupling of 2‐substituted 3‐oxindoles with aromatic compounds to form 2,2‐disubstituted indolin‐3‐ones with broad scope is described. This work utilized oxygen as the terminal oxidant and a base‐metal catalyst under mild conditions instead of toxic/precious‐metal reagents and higher‐molecular‐weight oxidants. Quaternary structures were produced in modest‐to‐excellent yields (up to 96 %) without prefunctionalization.
Effects of Soil Properties on the Toxicity and Bioaccumulation of Lead in Soil Invertebrates
Authors: Lanno Roman P. , Oorts Koen , Smolders Erik , Albanese Katie , Chowdhury M. Jasim 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
The present study examined the effects of soil physical and chemical properties on the toxicity of lead (Pb) to earthworms (Eisenia fetida) and collembolans (Folsomia candida), and on bioaccumulation of Pb by earthworms, in soils amended with Pb salts. Toxicity tests were conducted in 7 soils varying in soil properties (pH 4.7–7.4, effective cation exchange capacity [eCEC] 4–42 cmolc/kg, organic carbon 10–50 g C/kg) that were leached and pH corrected after spiking with PbCl2. The median effect concentrations (EC50s) based on total soil Pb concentrations ranged from 35 to 5080 mg Pb/kg for earthworms and 389 to &gt;7190 mg/kg for Collembola. Significant positive correlations were observed between log (EC50) for earthworm reproduction and log (eCEC, total C, exchangeable Ca and Mg, or clay content), but no significant correlations were observed between Pb toxicity to Collembola and soil properties. Expressing Pb dose as either the free ion (Pb2+) activity in porewater or as the measured dissolved porewater concentration of Pb did not explain differences in toxicity among soils. The bioaccumulation factors (BAFs) for Pb in earthworms ranged up to &gt;10-fold across 6 soil treatments, with a median of 0.16, and the BAF was significantly correlated with eCEC (p = 0.038, r = –0.84), but not with any other soil properties. Soil properties related to eCEC (total C, exchangeable Ca and Mg, clay content) had a significant effect on Pb toxicity and bioaccumulation in earthworms, but no relationship was found for Collembola. As a major soil property affecting the bioavailability of Pb, CEC should be incorporated into any soil hazard assessment of Pb as a modifying factor of toxicity and bioaccumulation for earthworms. Environ Toxicol Chem 2019;38:1486–1494. © 2019 SETAC
Cystic masses of the lateral neck: Diagnostic value comparison between fine‐needle aspiration, core‐needle biopsy, and frozen section
Authors: Tabet Paul , Saydy Nadim , Letourneau‐Guillon Laurent , Gologan Olga , Bissada Éric , Ayad Tareck , Tabet Jean‐Claude , Guertin Louis , Nguyen‐Tan Phuc Félix , Christopoulos Apostolos 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe usefulness of fine‐needle aspiration (FNA), core‐needle biopsy (CNB), and frozen section (FS) for assessing lateral cystic neck masses (LCNM) remains unclear.MethodsA retrospective review of patients presenting with a LCNM was undertaken.ResultsIn total, 135 patients were included. FNA had a lower sensitivity then CNB (59% vs 83%; P = .036) and FS (59% vs 93%; P = .01). FS had a better negative predictive value (NPV) when compared to FNA (92% vs 40%; P < .001) and CNB (92% vs 50%; P = .062). Positive predictive values (PPV) and sensitivities were similar among all groups.ConclusionGiven its adequate PPV (92%), FNA should be used initially on LCNM. Because of its high sensitivity, CNB should be considered if FNA is not diagnostic of malignancy. FS should always follow a CNB indicative of malignancy, because of low NPV. A diagnosis of malignancy on FNA, CNB, or FS strongly indicates presence of malignancy.