bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gradient‐Boosted Generalized Linear Models for Conditional Vine Copulas
Authors: Jobst David , Möller Annette , Groß Jürgen 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTVine copulas are flexible dependence models using bivariate copulas as building blocks. If the parameters of the bivariate copulas in the vine copula depend on covariates, one obtains a conditional vine copula. We propose an extension for the estimation of continuous conditional vine copulas, where the parameters of continuous conditional bivariate copulas are estimated sequentially and separately via gradient‐boosting. For this purpose, we link covariates via generalized linear models (GLMs) to Kendall's correlation coefficient from which the corresponding copula parameter can be obtained. In a second step, an additional covariate deselection procedure is applied. The performance of the gradient‐boosted conditional vine copulas is illustrated in a simulation study. Linear covariate effects in low‐ and high‐dimensional settings are investigated separately for the conditional bivariate copulas and the conditional vine copulas. Moreover, the gradient‐boosted conditional vine copulas are applied to the multivariate postprocessing of ensemble weather forecasts in a low‐dimensional covariate setting. The results show that our suggested method is able to outperform the benchmark methods and identifies temporal correlations better. Additionally, we provide an R‐package called boostCopula for this method.
A predictive model for endometrial cancer recurrence based on molecular markers and clinicopathologic parameters: A double‐center retrospective study
Authors: Yao Yuanyang , Luo Xiaoxiao , Jiang Peng , Liu Heying , Wang Yanzhou , Deng Li , Liang Zhiqing 
Published: December 2024

AbstractObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to establish a predictive model for endometrial cancer (EC) recurrence based on commonly used molecular markers and clinicopathologic parameters.MethodsThis was a double‐center retrospective study. The data of patients were retrospectively collected from two tertiary hospitals in Chongqing, China. The patients were divided into training and validation cohorts according to the ratio of 7:3. In the training cohort, the factors related to the recurrence were screened through uni‐ and multivariate Cox regression analysis, and a nomogram was constructed based on this. Internal and external validation of the model was performed in two cohorts, respectively. In the training cohort, the optimal risk threshold of the model was determined by using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and the maximum value of the Youden index.ResultsA total of 1348 patients were included, including 944 in the training cohort and 404 in the validation cohort. Multivariate analysis suggested that ER expression, P53 expression and other clinicopathologic parameters, were significantly related to recurrence. On this basis, a nomogram was constructed to predict 1‐, 3‐, and 5‐year recurrence‐free survival (RFS) rate. The model had good predictive accuracy in both cohorts through the validation. The ROC curve and Youden index suggested that the optimal risk threshold of 3‐year RFS rate predicted by the model was 0.83, and there was a significant survival difference between the high‐ and low‐risk groups.ConclusionCompared to traditional prediction models, the model proposed in this study that combined molecular indicators and clinicopathologic parameters can better predict the prognosis of EC patients.
Recent advancements in metal oxide‐based hybrid nanocomposite resistive random‐access memories for artificial intelligence
Authors: Kumar Anirudh , Bhardwaj Kirti , Singh Satendra Pal , Lee Youngmin , Lee Sejoon , Kumar Mohit , Sharma Sanjeev K. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractArtificial intelligence (AI) advancements are driving the need for highly parallel and energy‐efficient computing analogous to the human brain and visual system. Inspired by the human brain, resistive random‐access memories (ReRAMs) have recently emerged as an essential component of the intelligent circuitry architecture for developing high‐performance neuromorphic computing systems. This occurs due to their fast switching with ultralow power consumption, high ON/OFF ratio, excellent data retention, good endurance, and even great possibilities for altering resistance analogous to their biological counterparts for neuromorphic computing applications. Additionally, with the advantages of photoelectric dual modulation of resistive switching, ReRAMs allow optically inspired artificial neural networks and reconfigurable logic operations, promoting innovative in‐memory computing technology for neuromorphic computing and image recognition tasks. Optoelectronic neuromorphic computing architectured ReRAMs can simulate neural functionalities, such as light‐triggered long‐term/short‐term plasticity. They can be used in intelligent robotics and bionic neurological optoelectronic systems. Metal oxide (MOx)–polymer hybrid nanocomposites can be beneficial as an active layer of the bistable metal–insulator–metal ReRAM devices, which hold promise for developing high‐performance memory technology. This review explores the state of the art for developing memory storage, advancement in materials, and switching mechanisms for selecting the appropriate materials as active layers of ReRAMs to boost the ON/OFF ratio, flexibility, and memory density while lowering programming voltage. Furthermore, material design cum‐synthesis strategies that greatly influence the overall performance of MOx–polymer hybrid nanocomposite ReRAMs and their performances are highlighted. Additionally, the recent progress of multifunctional optoelectronic MOx–polymer hybrid composites‐based ReRAMs are explored as artificial synapses for neural networks to emulate neuromorphic visualization and memorize information. Finally, the challenges, limitations, and future outlooks of the fabrication of MOx–polymer hybrid composite ReRAMs over the conventional von Neumann computing systems are discussed.image
The Backdrop of Leadership: How Environmental Awe Influences Charisma Attributions
Authors: McGuire Jack , Bastardoz Nicolas , Hentrup Leonie J. , De Cremer David , Menges Jochen I. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTCharisma is often attributed to leaders based on how they look, talk, and behave. Yet very little is known about the role of the physical environment in influencing attributions of leader charisma. The role of the physical environment is crucial because leaders inevitably occupy physical spaces that vary across contexts. In this research, we find that the grandeur of the physical environment, specifically in its ability to induce awe, enhances attributions of charisma for leaders who are not already known to be charismatic. First, in a field experiment, we show that a real business leader is attributed with more charisma when delivering a speech in an awe‐inducing (vs. an ordinary) environment. In three follow‐up experiments, we find that awe‐inducing physical environments amplify charisma attributions and that this effect was diminished or absent for individuals already known for their charisma. Together, our findings contribute to the leadership literature by demonstrating the importance of the physical environment in influencing whether followers consider their leaders to be charismatic.
Adjuvant Radiation Sparing after Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy and TORS in Selected HPV‐Positive Oropharyngeal Cancer
Authors: Costantino Andrea , Sampieri Claudio , Sim Nam Suk , De Virgilio Armando , Kim Se‐Heon 
Published: December 2024

ObjectiveTransoral robotic surgery (TORS) has shown promising results in treating human papillomavirus (HPV)‐positive oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC), and there has been increasing interest in incorporating neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NCT) prior to TORS. This study aimed to assess the feasibility and safety of sparing adjuvant RT following NCT and TORS.MethodsA retrospective cohort study included consecutive patients with HPV‐positive OPSCC who underwent NCT followed by TORS without adjuvant RT. Disease‐free survival (DFS) was the primary outcome. Pattern of recurrence (local, regional, and distant), salvage treatment outcomes, and predictors of tumor recurrence were also assessed.ResultsA total of 84 patients were included in the analysis. No patients died during the study period. DFS rates (95% Confidence Interval, CI) at 1, 2, and 3 years were 92.8% (87.4–98.5), 87.0% (79.7–94.9), and 84.4% (76.0–93.8), respectively. Local, regional, and distant recurrence rates were 7.0%, 9.5%, and 3.6%, respectively. Salvage treatment achieved a 100% salvage rate. Predictors of tumor recurrence included the number of positive lymph nodes (hazard ratio: 2.66; 95% CI: 1.19–5.92) and clinical stage III at diagnosis (hazard ratio: 7.65; 95% CI: 1.97–29.7).ConclusionsRecommendation of adjuvant treatment based on pathologic adverse features appears to be associated with favorable outcomes in selected HPV‐positive OPSCC cases treated with NCT and TORS. Future studies should focus on refining criteria for recommending adjuvant RT to further reduce recurrence rates and minimize treatment‐related toxicity, contributing to personalized treatment strategies for HPV‐related OPSCC.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 2024
Polydopamine Decorated Hyaluronic Acid Clusters for Tumor Cell Targeting Combination Therapy via Template Self‐Consumption Methods
Authors: Zhu Hongrui , Xia Daqing , He Huan , Zhang Jixi , Wu Daocheng 
Published: December 2024

AbstractPhotothermal‐chemodynamic‐chemotherapy (PTT‐CDT‐CT) combination therapy significantly enhances the therapeutic efficacy against tumors. However, synthesizing PTT‐CDT‐CT nanosystems is complex, typically requiring the preparation and conjugation of three components into a single carrier. To overcome this challenge, a facile template self‐consumption method is developed. In this approach, hyaluronic acid (HA), recognized for its tumor cell targeting properties, chelates with Cu2+ to form Cu‐HA, which then transforms into CuO2@HA cluster templates. These templates self‐consume gradually, producing ·OH and Cu2+, which catalyze the rapid polymerization of dopamine and coordinate with polydopamine respectively, enhancing the photothermal conversion efficiency. After gossypol loading, GPDA@HA clusters are formed, achieving high gossypol loading efficiency due to π–π stacking between gossypol and PDA, as well as coordination between gossypol and Cu2+. The GPDA@HA clusters are effectively internalized by tumor cells through endocytosis, mediating the synergistic damage or inhibition of intracellular proteins, and nucleic acids against tumor cells via PTT, CDT, and CT. Crucially, the synergism of PTT‐CDT‐CT combination therapy far surpasses those of a single modality. This work introduces a new pathway for the synthesis of PTT‐CDT‐CT nanosystems, avoiding the conventional synthesis and loading of different therapeutic agents, and provides insights into developing personalized drug combination therapies with high efficacy.
Psychometric Properties of the Chinese Version of Aberdeen Varicose Veins Questionnaire (AVVQ) in Patients With Varicose Veins of Lower Extremity: A Cross‐Sectional Study
Authors: Wang Chen , Yang Wenjing , Shen Xiaojun , Xu Jing , Wang Xia , Ji Chao , Hu Siwen 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTVaricose veins in the lower extremities significantly impairs patients' quality of life, highlighting the importance of targeted quality of life assessments for specific diseases. The Aberdeen Varicose Vein Questionnaire (AVVQ) was specifically designed to assess the impact of lower extremity varicose veins on quality of life. This study comprised two phases: in the first phase, the AVVQ was translated and culturally adapted, and the second phase was an evaluation of the psychometric characteristics of the Chinese version of AVVQ in 328 patients with varicose veins of lower extremities. Confirmatory factor analysis revealed that the Chinese AVVQ comprises 13 items distributed across four dimensions, accounting for a total variance of 61.74%, with a Cronbach's α of 0.745 and a content validity index of 0.908. Furthermore, there was a negative correlation between the AVVQ scores and the SF‐36. In addition, the difference in AVVQ scores by CEAP classification was statistically significant. These findings affirmed the Chinese version of the AVVQ as both reliable and valid, making it a valid tool for evaluating the quality of life in Chinese patients with varicose veins and applicable across various international contexts and diverse patient populations.
Protein‐coding mutation in Adcy3 increases adiposity and alters emotional behaviors sex‐dependently in rats
Authors: Fitzpatrick Mackenzie K. , Szalanczy Alexandria , Beeson Angela , Vora Anusha , Scott Christina , Grzybowski Michael , Klotz Jason , Der Nataley , Chen Rong , Geurts Aron M. , Solberg Woods Leah C. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractObjectiveAdenylate cyclase 3 (Adcy3) has been linked to both obesity and major depressive disorder. We identified a protein‐coding variant in the transmembrane (TM) helix of Adcy3 in rats; similar obesity variants have been identified in humans. This study investigates the role of a TM variant in adiposity and behavior.MethodsWe mutated the TM domain of Adcy3 (Adcy3mut/mut) and created a heterozygous knockout (Adcy3+/−) in Wistar Kyoto (WKY) rats. Wild‐type, Adcy3+/−, and Adcy3mut/mut rats were fed a high‐fat diet for 12 weeks. We measured body weight, fat mass, glucose tolerance, food intake, metabolism, emotion‐like behaviors, memory, and downstream proteins.ResultsAdcy3+/− and Adcy3mut/mut rats weighed more than wild‐type rats due to increased fat mass. There were key sex differences: adiposity was driven by increased food intake in males but by decreased energy expenditure in females. Adcy3mut/mut males displayed increased passive coping and decreased memory, whereas Adcy3mut/mut females displayed increased anxiety‐like behavior. Adcy3mut/mut males had decreased hypothalamic cAMP‐response element binding protein (CREB) signaling, with decreased phospho‐AMP‐activated protein kinase (p‐AMPK) signaling in both sexes.ConclusionsThe ADCY3 TM domain plays a role in protein function via p‐AMPK and CREB signaling. Adcy3 may contribute to the relationship between obesity and major depressive disorder, and sex influences the relationships between Adcy3, metabolism, and behavior.
Associations of body size and morphology with cardiometabolic health in children: the contribution of genetic factors
Authors: Silventoinen Karri , Maia José , Sund Reijo , Gouveia Élvio R. , Antunes António , Marques Gonçalo , Thomis Martine , Jelenkovic Aline , Kaprio Jaakko , Freitas Duarte 
Published: December 2024

AbstractObjectiveWe analyzed how anthropometric measures predict cardiometabolic health and how genetic and environmental factors contribute to these associations.MethodsData on 8 indicators of cardiometabolic health, 21 anthropometric measures, and 11 anthropometric indices were available for 216 twin pairs of individuals age 3 to 18 years living in the Autonomous Region of Madeira, Portugal (51% girls). Genetic twin modeling was used to estimate genetic and environmental correlations between the cardiometabolic and anthropometric indicators.ResultsAnthropometric indicators were positively associated with blood pressure and triglycerides and inversely associated with high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol. The associations with glucose, low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, total cholesterol, and heart rate were close to zero. BMI and waist circumference showed similar or slightly higher absolute correlations with cardiometabolic health indicators compared with other anthropometric indices. Additive genetic and unique environmental correlations were at the same level as trait correlations.ConclusionsBMI and waist circumference provide information on cardiometabolic health that is not less accurate than that provided by more comprehensive anthropometric indices. These associations reflect causal associations between obesity and cardiometabolic disorders rather than only shared genetic associations. Measuring obesity is important for monitoring cardiometabolic risks and can be accomplished using simple indicators at the population level.
Registration of ‘Rulon’, a six‐row, spring feed barley
Authors: Krause Margaret R. , Clawson Justin W. , Hole David 
Published: December 2024

AbstractIn Utah, spring feed barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is commonly used in rotation with hay to supply the state's animal products industry. The objective of this research was to develop a spring feed barley cultivar with improved agronomic performance and adaptation to Utah's growing conditions. ‘Rulon’ (Reg. No. CV‐382, PI 705157, PVP no. 202400311) is a six‐row, spring feed barley cultivar developed and evaluated as UTSB10905‐72 and released in 2023 by the Utah Agricultural Experiment Station (UAES). Rulon was derived from the cross UTSB2120‐36/‘Goldeneye’. Goldeneye is a six‐row spring feed barley cultivar released by UAES in 2005. UTSB2120‐36 was an F4‐derived experimental line from the cross ‘Century’/‘IdaGold II’. Rulon was selected through a modified bulk breeding scheme from the F2 to the F4 generations. Derived from the F4 generation, Rulon was tested in replicated yield trials in Logan, UT, from 2013 to 2020, the University of Idaho (UI) Extension Variety Trials in 2016 and 2017, and the Western Regional Spring Barley Nursery from 2016 to 2018. Rulon yielded an average of 5987 kg ha−1 in Logan, outperforming all check varieties, and showed similar days to heading compared to Goldeneye. In the UI Extension Variety Trials, Rulon showed higher kernel plumpness (95%) compared to the check varieties (76–88%). In the Western Regional Spring Barley Nurseries, Rulon ranked among the top five yielding entries in 15 out of 25 site‐years. Rulon was released on the basis of its high grain yield, excellent kernel plumpness, and high test weight.
Trajectories of Cancer Survivors' Spiritual Well‐Being Through the Transition From Treatment to Early Survivorship
Authors: Park Crystal L. , Magin Zachary E. , Bellizzi Keith M. , Sanft Tara 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundSpirituality is an important domain of well‐being for cancer survivors, yet we know little about the different trajectories of survivors' spiritual well‐being across the transition from active treatment to survivorship. Further, the specific psychosocial resources and coping efforts that might predict distinct trajectories of spiritual well‐being have yet to be identified.AimsIn this study, we characterized trajectories of survivors' spiritual well‐being (peace, meaning, faith) across the first year of survivorship and examined whether social support and coping strategies predicted these trajectories.MethodsParticipants (N = 482) completed five surveys over the course of a year following a diagnosis of breast (63.5%), prostate (25.7%), or colorectal cancer (10.8%). We used latent class linear mixed modeling to identify spiritual well‐being trajectory classes (FACIT‐Sp) and employed multinomial logistic regression models to examine whether social support and specific coping styles predicted class membership.ResultsWhile the majority of our sample had moderate levels of spiritual well‐being, over one‐third reported very low levels of peace. Distinct latent classes for peace (four classes), meaning (five classes), and faith (five classes) were identified among adult cancer survivors transitioning from treatment to survivorship. Higher social support and adaptive coping predicted greater likelihood of belonging to classes that maintained higher levels of peace, meaning, and faith following cancer treatment.ConclusionsCancer survivors show unique trajectories of spiritual well‐being as they transition from active treatment to survivorship. Social support and coping may be important resources for maintaining spiritual well‐being during this critical transition period.
Enabling Long‐cycling Aqueous Zn‐Mn3O4 Batteries via Segregated and Interlaced Carbon Frameworks
Authors: Pan Yujing , Zuo Shiyong , Ai Guo , Wei Jianjun , Zhao Xiaochen , Mao Wenfeng 
Published: December 2024

AbstractMn3O4 is a promising candidate for aqueous zinc ion batteries (ZIBs) due to its high theoretical capacity (468.5 mAh g−1) and environmental friendliness, while its practical application is hindered by slow kinetics and rapid capacity degradation. Herein, a porous Mn3O4 with segregated and interlaced carbon framework (HCF‐Mn3O4) is introduced. The in situ hydro‐assembled interlaced carbon nanotube (CNT) forms a porous structure enhancing electron conduction and accelerating Zn2+ transport; while the segregated CNT network serves as an encapsulation layer to improve mechanical stability. Together, these features facilitate the simultaneous insertion and transformation of H+/Zn2+ and enhance Zn2+ diffusion kinetics. As a result, HCF‐Mn3O4 achieves a high specific capacity of 474 mAh g−1 at 0.05 A g−1, excellent rate performance of 178 mAh g−1 at 1.50 A g−1, and stable cycling over 3000 cycles with minimal capacity decay (≈0.02% per cycle). This design offers new opportunities for developing high‐rate, long‐lasting ZIBs.
Biodiversity
Authors: Koivula Matti , Felton Adam , Jönsson Mari , Löfroth Therese , Schei Fride Høistad , Siitonen Juha , Sjögren Jörgen 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

This chapter summarises biodiversity responses to continuous cover forestry (CCF). The comparator throughout this chapter is rotation forestry (RF) and its main harvesting method—clearcutting—unless otherwise stated.

Research on the biodiversity effects of logging methods applied in CCF (mostly selection or gap cutting) mainly concerns the short-term effects of measures taken in mature, originally fairly even-aged forests, at best 10–15 years after cutting. Thus far, no surveys or chronosequences cover the whole rotation period (60–100 years).

Continuous cover forestry is likely to benefit species that suffer when the tree cover is removed, such as bilberry and its associated species. Species requiring spatial continuity in host trees or canopy cover may also benefit.

Selection cutting may preserve the majority of species in the mature forest, but the most sensitive species may decline or even disappear. Gap cutting (diameter 20–50 m) affects forest-interior species relatively little, but species’ abundances in gaps change with increasing gap size. Shelterwood cutting seems to closely resemble selection cutting in terms of species responses. In the long term, however, shelterwood cutting results in an even-aged and sparse overstorey, which does not produce the biodiversity benefits of CCF.

Species that have declined due to forestry mostly require large living and dead trees. The preservation of these species is not ensured by CCF alone, but requires deliberately maintaining these structural features.

A mosaic of different forest-management practices within landscapes may provide complementary ways to maintain rich biodiversity.