bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The expanded role of fatty acid metabolism in cancer: new aspects and targets
Authors: Chen Ming , Huang Jiaoti 
Published: October 2019

AbstractCancer cells undergo metabolic reprogramming to support cell proliferation, growth, and dissemination. Alterations in lipid metabolism, and specifically the uptake and synthesis of fatty acids (FAs), comprise one well-documented aspect of this reprogramming. Recent studies have revealed an expanded range of roles played by FA in promoting the aggressiveness of cancer while simultaneously identifying new potential targets for cancer therapy. This article provides a brief review of these advances in our understanding of FA metabolism in cancer, highlighting both recent discoveries and the inherent challenges caused by the metabolic plasticity of cancer cells in targeting lipid metabolism for cancer therapy.
A Dyadic Perspective on Coping and its Effects on Relationship Quality and Psychological Distress in Couples Living with Chronic Pain: A Longitudinal Study
Authors: Mittinty Manasi M , Kindt Sara , Mittinty Murthy N , Bernardes Sonia , Cano Annmarie , Verhofstadt Lesley , Goubert Liesbet 
Published: October 2019

AbstractObjectiveDyadic coping is a process of coping within couples that is intended not only to support the patient with chronic pain but also to maintain equilibrium in the relationship. This study aims to investigate the effect of patient-perceived and spouse-reported dyadic coping on both the patient and their partner’s relationship quality and anxiety, stress, and depression over time.MethodsOne hundred thirty-nine couples, with one partner experiencing chronic pain, participated in this study. Spanning three measurements over six months, couples reported on their anxiety, stress, depression, relationship quality, and dyadic coping.ResultsPatient-perceived supportive dyadic coping was positively associated with both partners’ relationship quality but was negatively associated with spouses’ stress over time. Patient-perceived negative dyadic coping was negatively associated with both partners’ relationship quality and positively associated with patients’ depression and spouses’ depression and stress over time. Spouse-reported supportive dyadic coping showed a positive association with their own relationship quality and a negative association with spouses’ depression at baseline and patients’ depression at three-month follow-up. Spouse-reported negative dyadic coping was negatively associated with their relationship quality at baseline and positively associated with their partner’s anxiety and stress at six-month and three-month follow-up, respectively. Similar inference was observed from the findings of growth curve model.ConclusionsAs compared with spouse report, patient perception of dyadic coping is a better predictor of both partners’ relationship quality and psychological outcomes over time. Both partners may benefit from early psychosocial intervention to improve their dyadic coping, relationship quality, and psychological outcomes.
Continuous Transversus Abdominis Plane Block for Primary Open Inguinal Hernia Repair: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial
Authors: Flaherty James M , Auyong David B , Yuan Stanley C , Lin Shin-E , Meier Adam W , Biehl Thomas R , Helton W Scott , Slee April , Hanson Neil A 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Objective
Patients undergoing open inguinal hernia repair may experience moderate to severe postoperative pain. We assessed opioid consumption in subjects who received a continuous transversus abdominis plane block in addition to standard multimodal analgesia.

Design
Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled.

Setting
Tertiary academic medical center.

Subjects
Adult patients undergoing open inguinal hernia repair at Virginia Mason Medical Center. A total of 90 patients were enrolled.

Methods
Subjects presenting for surgery were randomized to receive either a continuous transversus abdominis plane block or a subcutaneous sham block. The primary outcome was opioid consumption within the first 48 hours after surgery. Secondary outcomes included pain scores, activities assessment scores, and opioid-related adverse events. Multimodal analgesia utilized in both groups included acetaminophen, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and surgical local anesthetic infiltration.

Results
Eighty-two subjects, 42 from the block group and 40 from the sham group, completed the study, per protocol. The intention-to-treat analysis demonstrated no difference in 48-hour postoperative oxycodone equivalent consumption between the block and sham groups (27.8 mg ± 26.8 vs 32 mg ± 39.2, difference –4.4 mg, P = 0.55). There was a statistically significant reduction in pain scores at 24 hours in the block group. There were no other differences in secondary outcomes.

Conclusions
Continuous transversus abdominis plane blocks provide modest improvements in pain after open inguinal hernia repair but fail to significantly reduce opioid consumption or improve functional activity levels in the setting of multimodal analgesia use.
Prevalence of early morning alcohol consumption among commercial motorcyclists and its health consequences in Ado Ekiti, Nigeria
Authors: Ogundipe Laofe , Omotola Alaba , Alabi Quadri K , Oluwadare Tunrayo , Obawole Aderemi 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundAlcohol is classified among legal substances, but its excess consumption can result in road traffic accidents via impairing psychomotor activity and concentration. This study investigated the prevalence of early morning alcohol consumption and its health consequences among commercial motorcycle (Okada) riders in Ekiti State, Nigeria.MethodsSystematic sampling technique was used to recruit subjects for this study. Cutting down alcohol; annoyed by comments on alcohol; guilt of alcohol use; early morning use of alcohol; eye opener (CAGE) questionnaire was used to estimate the prevalence of problematic alcohol use among Okada riders in Ado Ekiti.ResultsOne hundred and seven Okada riders were assessed. Majority of them were young adults. Majority of the riders know another rider who have had a serious road traffic accident riding Okada in the past 12 months and 29% of them know a rider who had died riding Okada in the past 12 months. About 28.6% of them admit early morning alcohol consumption. Suppression of cold (45.5%), keeping awake (19.4%) and peer group effect (14.5%) were the major identified factors influencing them to use alcohol. The commonest types of injuries sustained were bruises and lacerations (51.1%) and fractures of upper and lower limbs (18.7%).ConclusionThe early morning alcohol consumption among Okada riders contributed to road traffic accidents in Ekiti state, Nigeria.
Insulin enhances and metformin reduces risk of colorectal carcinoma in type-2 diabetes
Authors: Chen C-H , Lin C-L , Hsu C-Y , Kao C-H 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Background
Identifying colorectal cancer associated risks is important for conducting a program for the survey and prevention of colorectal cancer.

Aim
To investigate the association between use of insulin or metformin with colorectal cancer (CRC) in type 2 diabetes (T2DM).

Design
Population-based cohort study.

Methods
Through analysis of National Health Insurance (NHI) database between 1998 and 2010 in Taiwan, we identified 66 324 T2DM patients aged ≥ 20 years and selected subjects without diabetes by 1: 1 randomly matching with the study cohort based on age, sex and index date. We followed up the participants until 31 December 2011 or when they withdrew from the NHI program.

Results
Compared with non-diabetic subjects, the T2DM patients exhibited an increased risk of CRC [adjusted HR (aHR) = 1.56, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.39–1.75], after adjustment for age, sex, urbanization level, comorbidities and examinations of colonoscopy, sigmoidoscopy, or stool occult blood test. Among the T2DM patients, insulin usage increased the risk of CRC (aHR = 1.86, 95% CI = 1.58–0–2.19) after adjustment for age, sex, urbanization level, comorbidities, metformin usage and examinations; nevertheless, metformin decreased the risk of CRC (aHR = 0.65, 95% CI = 0.54–0.77) after adjustment for age, sex, urbanization level, comorbidities, insulin usage and examinations. Compared with the non-insulin cohort, the risk of CRC tended to increase with the incremental dosage of insulin exposure.

Conclusion
Our population-based cohort study demonstrated an association between T2DM and CRC. Among the T2DM patients, insulin use was associated with an increased risk of CRC and metformin use was associated with a decreased risk of CRC. Inability to obtain information on several potential confounding factors, such as lifestyle and dietary habits, is the major limitation of the study.
Performing under ‘the baton of administrative power’? Chinese academics’ responses to incentives for international publications
Authors: Xu Xin 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIncentivizing international publications is a current topic of national debate in China and some other non-English-speaking countries, echoing the discussion of managerialism in many other contexts. However, there is a shortage of research to conceptualize academics’ responses with empirical evidence. The study draws on 65 in-depth interviews with humanities and social sciences academics at six Chinese universities. It proposes two typologies to categorize academics’ affective responses (proactive, adaptive, resistant, hesitant, and detached) and behavioural responses (reconciling, rejecting, reforming, and rebelling). Building on the typologies, a framework is developed to explain the complicated relationship between incentives and publications. In addition, findings suggest that incentives imposed through administrative power could challenge academics’ agency. The study thereby proposes a reconsideration and reconstruction of current incentive schemes, to move beyond managerialism and towards the integration of intrinsic academic values.
P12 Arthrodesis in paediatric patients with erosive ankle arthritis by a single surgeon: a Scottish perspective
Authors: Keightley Jaclyn , Kumar Senthil , Oates Bridget , Davidson Joyce , Martin Neil 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Background
From our experience, a small cohort of patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) develop irreversible damage to ankle and subtalar joints despite immunosuppression with methotrexate and multiple biologic agents.
In this case series, we describe 4 patients with JIA and erosive damage to ankle or subtalar joints who underwent arthrodesis by a single surgeon between 2011-2017 due to longstanding pain and impaired function despite medical and orthotic interventions. We assessed patient satisfaction regarding the procedure in terms of pain and function.
There are no previous case series describing arthrodesis of ankle and subtalar joints in JIA. A case series of 8 patients with severe tibiotalar JIA who had arthrodiastasis (joint distraction) reported an improvement in pain and functional scores.

Methods
In this retrospective case series we reviewed the records of 4 paediatric patients with JIA in Scotland who underwent ankle arthrodesis performed by a single orthopaedic surgeon between 2011 and 2017.
Questionnaires were posted out to each patient. These included Manchester-Oxford Foot scores (MOxFQ) and EQ5D scores.

Results
Time from diagnosis to commencing methotrexate (MTX) was 22 (6-30) months, time from diagnosis to biologic therapy was 5 (2-8) years and time to arthrodesis was 10 (6-14) years (Table 1). Age at surgery was 16 (13-20) years. Prior to surgery all patients reported significant ankle pain and 2 patients needed to wear an ankle-foot orthosis (AFO). Radiological features before surgery in these patients included marked degenerative changes and loss of articular cartilage in the ankle joints on MRI. All patients reported favourable scores in terms of function and pain following ankle or subtalar arthrodesis. Two patients expressed that they wished they had undergone surgery sooner. P12 Table 1:Patient CharacteristicsPatientJIA SubtypeComorbidityAge at diagnosis of JIA (years)Systemic TherapyNo of joint injection episodesVisual Analogue Pain Score Post-Surgery1RF –ve PolyarticularNil8MTX3EtanerceptAdalimumabAbatacept2Extended oligoarticularUveitis3MTX41/10Adalimumab3RF –ve PolyarticularNil6MTX40/10Etanercept4RF –ve PolyarticularTrisomy 21, VSD closure, obstructive sleep apnoea11MTX7EtanerceptTocilizumab

Conclusion
This case series helps demonstrate patient satisfaction in the small group of patients in our service where irreversible erosive disease caused pain and dysfunction not responsive to medical therapy.

Conflicts of Interest
The authors declare no conflicts of interest.
Association of body composition, physical activity and physical performance with knee cartilage thickness and bone area in young adults
Authors: Meng Tao , Antony Benny , Venn Alison , Eckstein Felix , Cicuttini Flavia , March Lyn , Cross Marita , Dwyer Terence , Blizzard Leigh , Jones Graeme , Laslett Laura L , Ding Changhai 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Objective
To describe associations of body composition, physical activity and physical performance with knee cartilage thickness and subchondral bone area in young adults.

Methods
Body composition, physical activity and physical performance were measured 4–5 years prior to knee MRI. Cartilage thickness and bone area were measured quantitatively from MRI. Associations were assessed using linear regression analysis, with mediators being identified using mediation analysis.

Results
Participants (n = 186) were 31–41 years of age when the MRI was acquired and 48% were female. Greater lean mass was positively associated with cartilage thickness [β = 6.52 μm/kg (95% CI 0.86, 12.18)] and bone area [β = 13.37 mm2/kg (95% CI 5.43, 21.31)]. Physical performance measures were positively associated with cartilage thickness [long jump: β = 2.44 μm/cm (95% CI 0.70, 4.18); hand grip strength: 7.74 μm/kg (95% CI 1.50, 13.98); physical work capacity: 1.07 μm/W (95% CI 0.29, 1.85)] and bone area [long jump: β = 3.99 mm2/cm (95% CI 0.64, 7.34); hand grip strength: 19.06 mm2/kg (95% CI 7.21, 30.92); leg strength: 3.18 mm2/kg (95% CI 1.09, 5.28); physical work capacity: 3.15 mm2/W (95% CI 1.70, 4.60)]. Mediation analysis suggested these associations were mediated by lean mass (effect mediated: 27–95%).

Conclusion
Greater lean mass and better physical performance measured 4–5 years prior were associated with greater knee cartilage thickness and subchondral bone area in young adults, and the associations of physical performance were largely mediated by lean mass. These findings suggest lean mass may play an important role in maintaining knee joint health in young adults.
Continued Adaptation of C4 Photosynthesis After an Initial Burst of Changes in the Andropogoneae Grasses
Authors: Bianconi Matheus E , Hackel Jan , Vorontsova Maria S , Alberti Adriana , Arthan Watchara , Burke Sean V , Duvall Melvin R , Kellogg Elizabeth A , Lavergne Sébastien , McKain Michael R , Meunier Alexandre , Osborne Colin P , Traiperm Paweena , Christin Pascal-Antoine , Besnard Guillaume 
Published: October 2019

AbstractC$_{4}$ photosynthesis is a complex trait that sustains fast growth and high productivity in tropical and subtropical conditions and evolved repeatedly in flowering plants. One of the major C$_{4}$ lineages is Andropogoneae, a group of $\sim $1200 grass species that includes some of the world’s most important crops and species dominating tropical and some temperate grasslands. Previous efforts to understand C$_{4}$ evolution in the group have compared a few model C$_{4}$ plants to distantly related C$_{3}$ species so that changes directly responsible for the transition to C$_{4}$ could not be distinguished from those that preceded or followed it. In this study, we analyze the genomes of 66 grass species, capturing the earliest diversification within Andropogoneae as well as their C$_{3}$ relatives. Phylogenomics combined with molecular dating and analyses of protein evolution show that many changes linked to the evolution of C$_{4}$ photosynthesis in Andropogoneae happened in the Early Miocene, between 21 and 18 Ma, after the split from its C$_{3}$ sister lineage, and before the diversification of the group. This initial burst of changes was followed by an extended period of modifications to leaf anatomy and biochemistry during the diversification of Andropogoneae, so that a single C$_{4}$ origin gave birth to a diversity of C$_{4}$ phenotypes during 18 million years of speciation events and migration across geographic and ecological spaces. Our comprehensive approach and broad sampling of the diversity in the group reveals that one key transition can lead to a plethora of phenotypes following sustained adaptation of the ancestral state. [Adaptive evolution; complex traits; herbarium genomics; Jansenelleae; leaf anatomy; Poaceae; phylogenomics.]
Strengthening adolescents’ connection to their traditional food system improves diet quality in remote Alaska Native communities: results from the Neqa Elicarvigmun Pilot Study
Authors: Bersamin Andrea , Izumi Betty T , Nu Jennifer , O’brien Diane M , Paschall Mallie 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIn remote Alaska Native communities, traditional foods are inextricably linked to health and food security. Degradation of the traditional food system over the past several decades has resulted in a shift in dietary patterns that have contributed to increased rates of chronic diseases and food insecurity among Alaska Native People. Interventions are needed to address this. Our objectives were to evaluate the preliminary efficacy of a school-based intervention—Neqa Elicarvigmun or the Fish-to-School Program—on diet quality, fish intake, and attitudes and beliefs around traditional foods (specifically fish) using a pre–post comparison group design with data collection occurring at three time points. Study participants were 76 middle and high school students in two remote Alaska Native communities (population &lt;900) in southwestern Alaska. We used a participatory approach to design the school-based, multilevel intervention that included activities in the cafeteria, classroom, and community. Multilevel analyses showed that students in the experimental community showed significant improvements in diet quality compared to the comparison community (Beta = 4.57; p &lt; .05). Fish intake, measured using the stable nitrogen isotope ratio of hair, a validated biomarker, also increased significantly in the experimental community (Beta = 0.16; p &lt; .05). Leveraging the cultural and physical resources of the traditional food system for the Neqa Elicarvigmun program represents a strength-based approach that improves diet quality, increases adolescents’ connection to their traditional culture, and by promoting the local food system supports food security. Embedding the program into the local culture may result in faster adoption and greater sustainability of the program.
Differentiated Treatment in Platform-to-Business Relations: EU Competition Law and Economic Dependence
Authors: Graef Inge 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Differentiated treatment is a key focus in current competition investigations of the European Commission and national competition authorities, ranging from more prominent placement of one's own services in a ranking to preferential access to data and the favouring of businesses that pay higher levels of commission. Based on their exclusionary and/or exploitative character, the paper distinguishes three types of differentiated treatment on online platforms in order to provide an analytical framework for assessing the extent to which such practices are abusive under Article 102 TFEU, namely: pure self-preferencing, pure secondary line differentiation and hybrid differentiation. The paper points out that the main area where EU competition law currently does not offer effective protection is in the most far-reaching situation where a business is blocked from a platform without legitimate justification. To address harm in such cases, the paper suggests giving a stronger role to economic dependence both within and outside EU competition law and explores possible measures building upon the Platform-to-Business (P2B) Regulation as well as the notion of fairness of platform-to-business relations.
A phylogeny-based revision of the shrimp genera Altelatipes, Benthonectes and Benthesicymus (Crustacea: Decapoda: Benthesicymidae)
Authors: Vereshchaka Alexander L , Corbari Laure , Kulagin Dmitry N , Lunina Anastasia A , Olesen Jørgen 
Published: October 2019

AbstractA phylogenetic study of deep-sea dendrobranchiate genera Altelatipes, Benthesicymus and Benthonectes based on four molecular markers and 91 morphological characters is presented. All currently recognized species of these genera, representatives of all other genera and species groups of Benthesicymidae, and three outgroups were included in the analyses. The molecular and morphological methods retrieved similar results, the molecular methods provided better resolution of deeper nodes and higher clade support. Both types of analyses showed paraphyly of Benthesicymus, which encompass five robust clades, four of which are diagnosed as new genera (type species in parentheses): Benthesicymus s.s. (B. crenatus), Bathicaris gen. nov. (Benthesicymus brasiliensis), Dalicaris gen. nov. (Benthesicymus altus), Trichocaris gen. nov. (Benthesicymus bartletti) and Maorrancaris gen. nov. (Benthesicymus investigatoris). Altelatipes was found to be monophyletic. The evolution of the major clades of Benthesicymidae is shown to be linked to trophic specialization, while further divergence at the genus level is mainly related to sexual evolution seen in the elaboration of the copulatory structures. We provide amended diagnoses of the previously recognized and new genera, key to species of each of these genera and include an updated key to genera of Benthesicymidae.
A Rare Case of KID Syndrome: The Use of Hydrosurgery and Strategies for Antiseptic Wound Care
Authors: Kapila Ayush K. , De Baerdemaeker Randy , Bakal Fadi , Hanssens Valerie , Spinnael Jeannine , Hendrickx Benoit , Zeltzer Assaf , Hamdi Moustapha 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACT
A 14-year-old girl with a history of keratitis-ichthyosis-deafness (KID) syndrome, a rare autosomal dominant condition, was referred to the Department of Plastic Surgery at Brussels University Hospital in June 2016 for progressively worsening inguinoperineal ulceration exacerbated by overapplication of combination drug treclinax (tretinoin and erythromycin). On assessment, a large area of purulent papillomatous hyperkeratosis with follicular plugging, likely superimposed bacterial colonization, and deep ulceration were noted requiring thorough debridement.
A first procedure was performed in June 2016 with hydrosurgical debridement (Versajet IITM; Smith & Nephew, Forth Worth, Texas). During the procedure, significant blood loss was noted, and topical adrenaline, blood transfusion, and a short ICU stay were required for monitoring during which the patient remained hemodynamically stable. The wound was primarily dressed with an antimicrobial barrier silver dressing; meropenem, ceftazidime, and fluconazole were started to treat for Gram-negative, Gram-positive, and anaerobic bacilli, as well as Pseudomonas aeruginosa and fungal infections in situ. A further three debridements were required 6, 12, and 26 days after the initial procedure. The patient was discharged 36 days after admission without any antibiotics and with an outpatient wound care plan.
Not only was this case rare, but it also reflected the importance of a careful approach when tackling KID syndrome’s cutaneous manifestations. Multiple debridements, thorough wound care, and appropriate antibiotic therapy may be required to achieve local healing and a satisfactory result. Hydrosurgical debridement offered a precise and well-controlled method for treating a large ulcerating hyperkeratotic urogenital lesion in this pediatric patient.