bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intra-industry efficiency analysis of Indian textile industry: a meta-frontier DEA approach
Authors: Goyal Jatin , Singh Rajdeep , Kaur Harpreet , Singh Kanwaljeet 
Published: October 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to comprehend the efficiency levels of the Indian textile industry and also its sub-sectors in the light of changing global and national business environment. It is imperative to study the efficiency levels of textile industry for an emerging economy like India, where the industry contributes up to 13 per cent in export earnings, 10 per cent in total industrial production and 2 per cent in gross domestic product (GDP). The study holds an important place in the wake of phasing out of the quota regime existing under the Multi Fibre Agreement (MFA) and the rising competition being faced from countries such as Bangladesh, Vietnam and Cambodia.

Design/methodology/approach
The present study attempts to have an in-depth analysis of the efficiency levels in the Indian textile industry using meta-frontier data envelopment analysis, which is a non-parametric linear programming based frontier technique.

Findings
The findings highlight that the Indian textile industry is inefficient and has a huge scope of improvement in terms of efficiency. It also confirms the existence of different production functions among the sub-sectors of the industry. Among the different sub-sectors, the proximity of production frontier of readymade garments is the closest to meta-frontier followed by cotton and blended yarn, man-made fibre, cloth and others.

Practical implications
The findings bear strong implications for the policymakers in their attempt to regain the lost competitive position of the Indian textile industry and to enhance its contribution in the economy. As per the findings, policymakers should target the relatively inefficient sub-sectors of textile industry (cloth, man-made fibre, cotton and blended yarn) to infuse more efficiency in these sectors to enhance the market share of the Indian textile industry in the global textiles market.

Originality/value
The current study is a unique addition to the sparse literature on managing efficiencies in the textile industry, particularly of emerging economy like India. Looking at the methodological and geographical coverage of the previous work, it was found that no study has explored and analysed the efficiencies of the sub-sectors in the Indian textile industry using meta-frontier analysis. Therefore, this study will be the first of its kind which seeks to fill such gaps and intends to enrich the available literature.
An assessment whether shareholder activism can be a corporate governance driver in the case of Mauritius
Authors: Beebeejaun Ambareen , Koobloll Jushveer 
Published: October 2018

Purpose
“Shareholder activism works when shareholders understand something about the characteristics of the business that the board doesn’t”. As complex the term shareholder activism may seem, it demonstrates a very simple phenomenon of how shareholder take control of a situation to turn it in their favor. The whole world has taken an activism “twist” where every person has a word to say. The same characteristic of the society is showcased in this paper where engagement of shareholder is questioned whether it helps to promote effective corporate governance. Given the fact that Mauritius has a rather low shareholder activism framework, this research aims to depict the international picture of the issue at different levels to reach a consensus with the local market. It was a major challenge as very little research has been conducted to accurately contrast shareholder activism with corporate governance. However, the international standards aim at giving a clear picture of how the shareholder activism actually functions.

Design/methodology/approach
The research has adopted a black letter approach by analyzing relevant laws and legislations governing corporate governance matters in Mauritius and the USA, Malaysia, France and South Africa. Thereafter, a comparative analysis was made between Mauritius laws and the aforementioned countries. Recommendations were then put forward on the subject matter which is shareholder activism.

Findings
Research has shown development in corporate governance alongside the increase in shareholder activism. However, these research studies fail to prove that the development is because of shareholder activism itself. In fact, it could be because of increase in corporate intellects, removal of trade barriers, sustainable corporate practices and many such changes that have affected the corporate market somehow. Hence, it is difficult to conclude, with certainty, that the driver of good corporate governance is, in particular, the phenomenon of shareholder activism. Nevertheless, many result of shareholder activism has demonstrated a rather positive impact on the ongoing of the corporate dealings and on a personal note, it can be said that shareholder activism is a domain where much research and development should be effected as it represents a promising improvement in the way corporations are governed.

Originality/value
The concept of shareholder activism is quite new to the Mauritius legislation. There has not been research done on whether shareholder activism, particularly, is the reason for corporate success or failure. In this light, this paper aims to analyze shareholder activism practices in other countries and puts forward recommendation in the Mauritius context which may be of use to stakeholders concerned.
Indonesian media politics, on reform era from 1998 to 2010
Authors: Suyanto  
Published: October 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to determine the dynamics of the Indonesian press since the reform era in 1998 to 2010 indirectly will see the relationship between the political systems of government with a media system in Indonesia.

Design/methodology/approach
This study is a qualitative descriptive which was drafted using the method of qualitative investigation using descriptive approach and library research, which gives an overview of the situation to obtain data based on observations on the site of investigation.

Findings
Based on Downs’s theory, political theory media takes the ideology of rational choice that is free from the subject. The political theory media developed Zaller is an extension of a study byAnthony Downs, An Economic Theory of Democracy. In 1957, Downs received the findings about the political process of the party competing for the support of rational voters. The findings in Downs’ study can actually explain the most important different forms in democratic politics generally. But Downs theory does not almost mention journalists and do not give roles on reporters independent in politics.

Originality/value
Dynamics of the Indonesian press since the reform era in 1998 to 2010 indirectly will see the relationship between the political systems of government with a media system in Indonesia. Many media companies set up businesses on newspapers or media even existing media companies to get stronger by establishing giant company or large media group. The originality for this paper shows the comprehensively political economy of media, media politics and research location which is conducted in Indonesia.
Positioning strategies of retailers’ brands in the emerging market – a cluster analysis
Authors: Witek-Hajduk Marzanna Katarzyna , Grudecka Anna 
Published: October 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to identify and profile clusters of retailers operating in emerging markets, in terms of positioning strategies of their own brands (based on the example of the Polish market).

Design/methodology/approach
The study is based on a random sample of 143 medium and large retailers operating in Poland. The data were collected using a CATI method at the end of 2014 and then analyzed with the use of hierarchical and non-hierarchical methods.

Findings
With the use of cluster analysis, six clusters of retailers were identified. Members of each cluster refer to different predominant factors when positioning their own brands. Members of each cluster do not differ significantly in terms of descriptive variables (exogenous to the cluster analysis) being used for profiling clusters.

Research limitations/implications
In this study, only retailers operating in Poland were surveyed. This study does not refer to the targeting strategies, which may be analyzed jointly with the positioning strategies of retailers’ brands.

Practical implications
The paper has implications in understanding the approaches to the retailer brand positioning representing by the identified clusters of retailers that might be a basis for the creation of the retailers’ competitive advantages.

Originality/value
The main contribution of this research lies in the clustering approach to segmenting retailers in terms of their own brands’ positioning strategies and identifying clusters of retailers in the Polish market due to the retailer brands’ positioning.
Delivering open innovation promises through social media
Authors: Barlatier Pierre-Jean , Josserand Emmanuel 
Published: October 2018

Purpose
This paper aims to explore how social media can be used strategically for delivering the promises of open innovation and examines the types of structure that can foster the integration of these new tools with more classic top-down innovation approaches.

Design/methodology/approach
A single case study of, ALPHA (pseudonym), a multinational company that combined an integrated strategy and the creation of a lean structure with the full potential of social media.

Findings
To take on the challenges of energy transition, ALPHA has implemented a low-cost approach allowing it to harness the promises of open innovation. This combined the introduction of a lean structure, two social media platforms and processes that ensured the integration of open innovation activities with existing departments.

Research limitations/implications
The research is based on a single case study. Further research should be conducted to establish the generalization of the results.

Practical implications
This paper highlights the key success factors in making such a light approach successful, namely, controlling cost and disruption of open innovation; integration matters; leveraging complementarities with existing social media initiatives; and bottom-up adoption.

Originality/value
The research provides a unique approach that can be practically implemented to leverage social media to deliver the promises of open innovation and offers an original way of integrating social media lead innovation and open innovation strategies with more classic R&D activities.
Kirznerian and Schumpeterian entrepreneurship in Trinidad and Tobago
Authors: John Arielle , Storr Virgil Henry 
Published: October 2018

PurposeThis paper aims to highlight the possibility that the same cultural and/or institutional environment can differentially affect each of the two moments of entrepreneurship – opportunity identification and opportunity exploitation. It is possible that the cultural and institutional environment in a particular place may encourage opportunity identification, but discourage opportunity exploitation, or vice versa. Specifically, this paper argues that understanding entrepreneurship in Trinidad and Tobago requires that we focus on how Trinidadian culture and institutions differentially affect both moments of entrepreneurship.Design/methodology/approachTo examine how Trinidad and Tobago’s culture and institutions affect entrepreneurial opportunity identification and exploitation in that country, the paper uses a qualitative approach. In total, 25 subjects agreed to interviews, conducted in July and August 2009 in Trinidad. The questions were geared at understanding attitudes toward work and entrepreneurship in Trinidad, and how politics, culture and ethnicity interacted with those attitudes. The paper also examined institutional indicators from the Economic Freedom of the World: 2013 Annual Report and the World Bank’s 2016 Doing Business Report.FindingsThe research identified features of the cultural and institutional environment in Trinidad and Tobago that help to explain why opportunity identification is relatively common among all ethnic groups there, but why opportunity exploitation appears relatively suppressed among African–Trinidadians. In particular, the research finds that the inheritance of British institutions, a post-colonial political culture, a post-colonial business culture and ethnically based social networks all have positive and negative influences on each moment of entrepreneurship.Research limitations/implicationsFurther research would involve an analysis of a wider set of both formal and informal entrepreneurial activities in Trinidad and Tobago, across industries and periods.Practical implicationsThis paper has implications for understanding the complex nature of entrepreneurship, which many policymakers try to encourage, but which is shaped by deep cultural and historical factors, and also indirectly influenced by state policies and laws.Social implicationsEthnic patterns in entrepreneurship shape the way groups see themselves and others.Originality/valueWhile authors writing about opportunity recognition/identification and opportunity exploitation have captured the important dimensions of entrepreneurship, they underestimate the possibility of a disconnect between entrepreneurial identification and exploitation. Focusing on instances where the disconnect exists allows us to move away from characterizations of cultures as progress-prone or progress-resistant, and instead allows us to focus on these gaps between identifying and exploiting entrepreneurship across cultures.
The world’s most innovative companies: a meta-ranking
Authors: Lichtenthaler Ulrich 
Published: October 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to develop a meta-ranking of the world’s most innovative firms, which underscores the importance of external perceptions of innovativeness and of an innovation-based view on firm performance, including product, service, process, business model, management and organizational innovation.Design/methodology/approachThis is an exploratory empirical paper, which integrates the results of five rankings of the world’s most innovative companies.FindingsThe five innovation rankings include a variety of companies based on different methods and strategic focus. This variety underscores the importance of a meta-ranking, whose multiple aggregation methods lead to consistent results. Only the following 11 companies are mentioned in at least three rankings, leading to a list of the 11 most innovative companies in the world: Amazon, Apple, Tencent, Google/Alphabet, Netflix, SpaceX, Tesla, Microsoft, IBM, Intel and General Electric. Overall, the meta-ranking is dominated by US companies from various industries with firms from China gaining importance.Originality/valueThe paper contributes to research into innovation antecedents and consequences by illustrating the importance of innovation perceptions. The meta-ranking highlights the need for pursuing different types of innovation, following the innovation-based view on firm performance with first-order and second-order innovations. Moreover, the results deepen our understanding of digital transformation and of capturing value from innovation in the digital economy because a considerable portion of the leading innovators has a business model emphasizing artificial intelligence and digital platforms, which have led to the generation of new and to the disruption of established markets.
Morphology and geography predict the use of heat conservation behaviours across birds
Authors: Pavlovic Gabrielle , Weston Michael A. , Symonds Matthew R. E. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractHeat conservation behaviours in birds in part involve postural adjustments to regulate the area of exposed body surfaces. However, the occurrence of these behaviours across birds, and the factors that explain their use across bird species, remains poorly known.We examined the occurrence of three distinctive bird behaviours—back rest (where the bill is tucked into the plumage), standing on one leg and sitting—across 852 bird species using a Bayesian phylogenetic comparative analytical approach, examining the phylogenetic signal in, and ecological correlates of, these behaviours.All three behaviours were far from ubiquitous across species: Only a third to a half of species in our analysis have been confirmed to use each behaviour. The behaviours all exhibited significant phylogenetic signal indicating differential usage across clades.All three behaviours were more commonly reported in bird species studied at higher latitudes. Back rest was also more often observed in species that have longer bills, relative to their body size, while standing on one leg was associated with longer relative tarsus length. Sitting behaviour was more common in heavier birds.The results suggest the use of these postures is related to environment (climate) and morphology (appendage length), and therefore most likely is associated with the need to mitigate heat loss across the exposed body surfaces. However, other potential functions of these postures, such as alleviating biomechanical load associated with large appendages and bodies, or the need to minimise energetic expenditure, are possible.Aplain language summaryis available for this article.
The face tells all: Testing the impact of physical attractiveness and social media information of spokesperson on message effectiveness during a crisis
Authors: Hong Seoyeon , Lee Hyunmin , Johnson Erika K. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThis paper empirically examines the effects of organizational spokesperson's physical attractiveness and their social cues usage on message effectiveness. A 2 (physical attractiveness of spokesperson) × 2 (social cues) × 2 (crisis response strategy) mixed subject design was tested. The results show that spokespeople with high physical attractiveness as communicating more credible messages, being more expert sources, and as being more persuasive. Also, social cues of spokespeople have an influence on the participants’ perceived credibility and expertise while the interaction effects suggest that the effects of social cue override the effects of physical attractiveness. This indicates that crisis communication practitioners can use social cues to boost persuasiveness and/or message credibility of less attractive spokespeople. Theoretical and practical implications are also discussed.
Managing pain and anxiety during transabdominal chorionic villus sampling. A noninferiority randomized trial of nitrous oxide vs local anesthesia
Authors: Katsogiannou Maria , Donato Xavier‐Côme , Loundou Anderson , Glowaczower Eric , Raffray Marie , Planchet‐Barraud Brigitte , Quarello Edwin , Brechard Marie‐Pierre , Desbriere Raoul 
Published: October 2018

AbstractIntroductionTransabdominal chorionic villus sampling (CVS) is an invasive procedure for prenatal diagnosis reported to be associated with anxiety and pain. In this context, the need for analgesia during CVS has been considered useful. Even though several authors have been interested in pain management during amniocentesis, no study has been published on pain reduction during CVS. Our objective was to evaluate pain and anxiety management during transabdominal CVS using nitrous oxide (N2O) and local anesthesia.Material and methodsIn a randomized controlled noninferiority trial, self‐administered nitrous oxide (N2O) inhalation (equimolar premix of oxygen and nitrous oxide) was compared with local anesthesia (1% lidocaine) before CVS. Primary outcome was pain and secondary outcome was anxiety, both measured on a visual analog scale 30‐60 minutes before, immediately after (5‐10 minutes) and 30‐60 minutes after CVS. With a statistical power of 90%, type I error of 5% and two‐sided test and potential exclusions, a sample size of 96 patients per group was enrolled and randomized. No patient was enrolled before the trial registration date.ResultsFrom 13 March 2013 through 10 February 2015, 192 patients (96 per group) were screened and randomized. Most characteristics were similar across groups. Pain in the N2O group was 2.65 ± 0.22 vs 3.32 ± 0.26 in local anesthesia group [mean ± standard error of mean (SEM)]. Mean anxiety in the N2O group was 3.17 ± 0.27 vs 5.19 ± 0.30 in the local anesthesia group.ConclusionN2O was as efficient and even superior to local anesthesia for both pain and anxiety reduction during CVS, as the 95% confidence intervals were both below the prespecified noninferiority margin of 0.8 and below zero.
Influence of hepatitis C virus eradication with direct‐acting antivirals on the gut microbiota in patients with cirrhosis
Authors: Ponziani Francesca Romana , Putignani Lorenza , Paroni Sterbini Francesco , Petito Valentina , Picca Anna , Del Chierico Federica , Reddel Sofia , Calvani Riccardo , Marzetti Emanuele , Sanguinetti Maurizio , Gasbarrini Antonio , Pompili Maurizio 
Published: October 2018

SummaryBackgroundThe cure of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection may contribute to the reduction of liver fibrosis progression and potentially influence the gut‐liver axis.AimTo investigate the influence of HCV infection eradication with direct‐acting antivirals (DAAs) on the gut microbiota composition as well as on intestinal and systemic inflammatory parameters in patients with cirrhosis.MethodsConsecutive patients with HCV‐related cirrhosis receiving DAA treatment were included. The gut microbiota composition, intestinal permeability, and inflammation were assessed before treatment and after 1 year. Clinical outcomes such as episodes of decompensation and markers of liver fibrosis were evaluated over a 2‐year follow‐up period.ResultsThe gut microbiota alpha diversity in cirrhotic patients, which was lower than that in healthy subjects, was significantly improved by the cure of HCV infection and a shift in the overall gut microbiota composition was observed compared to baseline. The abundance of potentially pathogenic bacteria (Enterobacteriaceae, Enterococcus, and Staphylococcus) was decreased after treatment. The gut microbiota composition was associated with the inflammatory profile and markers of liver fibrosis. Although a significant reduction in the serum levels of cytokines and chemokines was observed post‐DAA treatment, measures of intestinal permeability and inflammation remained unchanged.ConclusionsCure of HCV infection with DAAs in patients with cirrhosis is associated with a modification of the gut microbiota, which correlates with fibrosis and inflammation but does not improve intestinal barrier function.