bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Drill‐seeding rice reduces global warming potential but increases nitrogen loss potential compared to water‐seeding
Authors: Geoghan Peter J. , Linquist Bruce A. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractFlooded rice (Oryza sativa L.) systems are critical for global food security but contribute significantly to anthropogenic greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions due to high methane (CH4) emissions from anaerobic soils. Drill‐seeding (DS) rice, which in California includes early‐season irrigation flushes to establish the rice, has been shown to reduce CH4 emissions compared to water‐seeded (WS) systems. The effect of these early‐season flushes on nitrogen (N) fertilizer losses and nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions, however, is not well understood. In a 2‐year study, we quantitatively compared DS to WS systems with respect to their global warming potential (GWP) (CH4 + N2O in CO2 eq.), nitrate (NO3−) accumulation during flushes, and crop N‐uptake. Despite 0.68 kg ha−1 more N2O–N emissions in the DS system, GWP was 3700 CO2 eq. kg ha−1, a 42% reduction compared to 6340 CO2 eq. kg ha−1 in the WS system. This was due to a 46% reduction in CH4 in the DS (94.5 CH4–C kg ha−1) relative to the WS (175.7 CH4–C kg ha−1) system. Nitrate accumulation in the DS system amounted to 26.2 kg NO3–N ha−1, and subsequent N losses via denitrification likely contributed to the 22.4 kg N ha−1 less crop N‐uptake in the DS system. These results suggest that DS rice has potential for improved environmental impact via GWP reductions but will require increased N inputs. Future efforts should focus on reducing N losses, which have a negative economic impact for the farmer and contribute to N2O emissions.
“It's Just a Hot Mess”: Supporting Teacher Praxis to Challenge Barriers for Multilingual Learners
Authors: Reigh Emily V. , Miller Emily Adah , Fackler Ayça K. , Simani Maria Chiara 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThis paper examines a professional learning (PL) program for upper elementary teachers focused on developing instructional practices to support multilingual learners (MLLs) in science. The PL sought to support teachers' praxis, which we describe as their sense of agency to critically analyze and take action against barriers to MLLs’ opportunities to learn. We analyzed pre‐PL interviews with teachers to identify the ways that they framed MLLs from asset‐ and deficit‐based perspectives and the barriers that they identified that undermine MLLs' science learning. Then, we analyzed the extent to which the teachers' participation in the PL shifted their framing of MLLs and fostered their sense of agency to challenge the barriers faced by MLLs. We found that teachers shifted toward more asset‐based views of students' existing language resources and deepened their sense of agency to employ scaffolds that engage these resources in their own instructional practice. However, teachers continued to surface barriers in their organizational contexts, including the emphasis placed on standardized language assessments and the misalignment between English language instruction and science learning. Our analysis shows that the PL did not adequately support teachers in navigating these particular institutional barriers. Based on our analysis, we argue that teachers and science education researchers should expand their focus beyond teachers’ instructional practices and work together to remove barriers for MLLs in the larger organizational systems of schooling.
Development sustainability levels in EU countries
Authors: Kudełko Joanna 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis article is a response to the existing need for seeking and improving research methods aimed to assess the achievement of sustainable development goals. The article evaluates the levels of development of EU countries from the perspective of particular development components: economic, social, and environmental, as well as development sustainability levels in those three aspects. The research shows that in 2010–2021, EU countries made a general progress from the perspective of all the aspects of development. Development dynamics in the period after the adoption of the UN 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development increased as compared with the preceding period with respect to social and economic development, but not from the point of view of environmental issues. Development processes in EU countries do not indicate a higher level of cohesion with regard to the three components of development: economic, social, and environmental issues. Therefore, development in the analysed countries cannot be regarded as fully sustainable.
Carrying Ostracism Overnight: The Cognitive Mechanism Underlying the Effect of Daily Workplace Ostracism on Next‐Day Work Engagement
Authors: Dong Niannian , Zhang Ying , Ma Xiyue , Yin Kui , Liu Yi 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTIntegrating cognitive appraisal theory of stress and attachment theory, the current study explored the influence of daily workplace ostracism on employee short‐term work engagement and examined the mediating role of negative work reflection and the moderating effects of employee attachment styles (i.e., attachment avoidance and attachment anxiety). To test the theoretical model, we employed an experience sampling method to collect daily diary data over 10 consecutive workdays, resulting in a final sample of 834 observations drawn from 133 participants. Results of multilevel path analysis indicated that daily workplace ostracism was negatively related to employee next‐day work engagement through negative work reflection at night. In addition, we found that employee attachment avoidance not only moderated the within‐person relationship between daily workplace ostracism and negative work reflection at night but also alleviated the indirect effect of daily workplace ostracism on next‐day work engagement via negative work reflection at night. Taken together, our study contributed by unfolding the dynamic cognitive appraisal process of workplace ostracism and identifying the significant role of attachment avoidance in shaping employees' cognitive reactions to daily workplace ostracism.
Microscale Templating of Functional Particles Using Self‐Limiting Electrospray Deposition
Authors: Grzenda Michael J. , Yu Jouan , Atzampou Maria , Shuck Christopher E. , Gogotsi Yury , Zahn Jeffrey D. , Singer Jonathan P. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractElectrospray deposition (ESD) uses strong electric fields applied to solutions and dispersions exiting a capillary to produce charged monodisperse droplets driven toward grounded targets. Self‐limiting electrospray deposition (SLED) is a phenomenon in which highly directed, uniform, and even 3D coatings can be achieved by trapping charge in the deposited film, redirecting the field lines to uncoated regions of the target. However, when inorganic particles are added to SLED sprays, the buildup of charge required to repel incoming material is disrupted as particle loading increases. Due to its fibril gelling behavior, methylcellulose (MC) SLED can form nanowire morphologies. These wires, when used as a binder, can separate particles and prevent percolation. In this work, a variety of conductive and insulating particles are explored using patterned and un‐patterned substrates. This exploration allows us to maximally load particles for high‐concentration and highly controlled self‐limiting functional sprays. This is demonstrated using Ti3C2Tx MXene to functionalize an interdigitated electrode for use as a supercapacitor.
Zinc Oxide‐Enhanced Copper Sulfide Nanozymes Promote the Healing of Infected Wounds by Activating Immune and Inflammatory Responses
Authors: Zhang Wei , Lv Yang , Niu Qiang , Zhu Can , Zhang Hengguo , Fan Kelong , Wang Xianwen 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBacterial infection and an excessive inflammatory response are two major factors that affect the healing of infected wounds. The zinc oxide/copper sulfide (ZnO‐CuS) microspheres (MSs) developed in this work can kill bacteria and resist inflammation. ZnO‐CuS exhibits different enzyme‐like activities depending on pH. In acidic environments, ZnO‐CuS exhibits peroxidase‐like (POD‐like) activity and can convert hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) into hydroxyl radicals (•OH) for sterilization. Under neutral conditions, ZnO‐CuS removes reactive oxygen species (ROS) and can convert excess ROS into water and oxygen. The in vitro results of the antibacterial test demonstrate the pronounced disruption effect of ZnO‐CuS on the bacterial biofilm and cell membrane. The transcriptome sequencing results of wounded animal tissue reveal that ZnO‐CuS MSs increase the expression of proteins produced by immune cells, and reduce the expression levels of inflammatory factors at the wound site. Therefore, antimicrobial activity and rapid wound healing can be achieved by regulating the immune response and reducing the inflammatory response. The results from hemolysis, routine blood and blood biochemistry analyses demonstrate the excellent biosecurity of the ZnO‐CuS MSs.
Controlled Interfacial Tailoring of Hierarchical Silicon Synergizes Charge Transport Enabling Stable and Fast Lithium Storage
Authors: Hu Yingtong , Li Haimei , Ma Minghao , Cao Weifeng , Hamza Mathar , Ma Yingjie , Wang Zhen‐Gang , Li Xianglong 
Published: November 2024

AbstractSilicon is a promising anode material candidate but encounters volume change and capacity decay issues. Although diverse demonstrations in structural and interfacial engineering, the performance toward industrial applications remains to be improved. Herein, a controlled interfacial tailoring strategy is proposed for micro‐nano hierarchically structured silicon. The resultant granules, consisting of randomly interconnected silicon debris modified by an electrically conductive carbon layer and a superionic sulfide conductor specifically in a controlled form (nanoparticles, coats, and matrices), attain distinctly different cyclic performances. As the carbon coating generally provides electron transfer paths for silicon, the introduced fast ion conductor exhibits a strong correlation with its configuration in facilitating ion transportation as well as improving the materials utilization and cyclic stability. Impressively, the granules encapsulated with a fast ion conductor layer show remarkably improved cycling performance and rate capability, attributable to a decent synergy of transmitting both electrons and lithium ions throughout the granule.
Heterostructuring Uniform 2D CdS on Ru/Ti3C2‐TiO2 via In situ Oxidized Ru‐Loaded MXene for Boosting Photocatalytic H2 Production
Authors: Liu Qiaona , Han Xin , Qian An , Qian Jiayu , Pu Xin , Ye Lei , Zhan Jinshan , Zhang Jian , Yang Qiang , Liu Jichang 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBuilding heterojunctions and exposing more catalytic active sites are effective strategies to enhance the photocatalytic hydrogen evolution activity. Herein, TiO2 nanosheets are oxidized in situ on Ru‐loaded MXene as carriers and subsequently loaded with uniform 2D CdS via hydrothermal method to obtain 2D Ru/Ti3C2‐TiO2/CdS composite photocatalysts that integrate heterojunctions and cocatalysts. The formation of heterojunction between CdS and TiO2 is conducive to promoting the separation and transfer of photogenerated charges, simultaneously, Ru/Ti3C2 with the fully exposed Ru and Ti3C2 can act as effective active sites of photocatalytic hydrogen production reaction. The composite photocatalyst exhibits an improved hydrogen production rate with 5479 µmol g−1 h−1, which is 5, 3, and four times more than that of pristine CdS, CdS loaded Ti3C2‐TiO2 and CdS loaded Ru‐TiO2 respectively. The results reveal that the notable enhancement in performance can primarily be ascribed to the introduction of the TiO2/CdS heterojunction and the efficient cocatalysts of Ru/Ti3C2. Moreover, the 2D Ti3C2 with high conductivity as carriers can increase charge transfer, and its 2D structure can serve as a template for growing 2D photocatalysts with higher activity. The interface engineering with multiple interfaces can offer novel insights for the advancement of efficient hydrogen evolution reaction catalysts.
“Anchoring Capture” Effect Mimicking Proline in Hardy Deep‐Sea Fish to Stabilize the Zinc Anode with Lower Operating Temperature
Authors: Zhu Feng , Wang Dongxu , Dang Yupeng , Wang Ping , Xu Pengcheng , Han Dandan , Wei Yen 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe low plating/stripping efficiency of zinc anodes, dendrite growth, and high freezing points of aqueous solutions hinder the practical application of aqueous zinc‐ion batteries. This paper proposes a zwitterionic permeable network solid‐state electrolyte based on the “anchor‐capture” effect to address these problems by incorporating proline (Pro, a biological antifreeze agent) into the electrolyte. Extensive validation tests, Quantum Chemistry (QC) calculations, Molecular Dynamics (MD) Simulations, and ab initio molecular dynamics simulations consistently indicate that the amino groups in proline adsorb onto the Zn metal surface, stabilizing the zinc anode‐electrolyte interface, suppressing side reactions from water decomposition, and homogenizing zinc‐ion flux. This electrolyte demonstrates excellent reversibility in Zn‐Mn2O3 cells and Zn‐Zn half‐cells, achieving a high coulombic efficiency of over 99.4% across 2000 cycles in Zn‐Mn2O3 full cells, and delivering a discharge‐specific capacity of 175.2 mAh g−1 at −35 °C and 1 A g−1. Additionally, an appropriate concentration of proline lowers the electrolyte's freezing point to −45 °C through the network's solid‐state effect, ensuring the stable operation of the solid‐state battery at −35 °C. This innovative concept of network solid‐state electrolytes injects new vitality into the development of multifunctional solid‐state electrolytes.
Accelerated Ion‐Electron Transport in Bi‐Heterostructures Constructed Based on Ohmic Contacts for Efficient Bi‐Directional Catalysis of Lithium‐Sulfur Batteries
Authors: Chen Jing‐Zhou , Li Zi‐Ang , Lei Jia‐Ting , Chen Pei‐Pei , Zhao Dong‐Lin 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAlthough lithium‐sulfur batteries have satisfactory theoretical specific capacity and energy density, they are difficult to further commercialize due to the shuttle effect of soluble polysulfides and slow sulfur oxidation kinetics. Based on this, in this work, the catalyst MXene‐VS4‐SnS2 (MVS), a dual heterostructured catalyst with ohmic contacts, is prepared by a one‐step hydrothermal method and electrostatic self‐adsorption for lithium‐sulfur battery cathode materials. Experimental and theoretical results show that the ohmic contact induces spontaneous charge rearrangement, resulting in the formation of a fast charge transfer pathway at the MVS heterojunction interface, which helps to reduce the energy barrier for polysulfide reduction and Li2S oxidation during the discharge/charge process. In addition, the inherent sulfophilicity of VS4 and SnS2 promotes the conversion of S species, while the pleated MXene nanosheets not only provide a highly conductive network for the active sulfur but also retain a rich internal space to maintain the integrity of the cathode structure during the continuous cycling process. As a result, the MVS cathode exhibits excellent electrochemical performance even under high sulfur loading. The integration of excellent performance with a facile synthesis process provides a promising approach for designing highly efficient electrocatalysts suitable for the energy field.
Twinned Metal–Organic Framework Nanoplates for Hydrocarbon Separation Membranes
Authors: Kim Jongbum , Kim Minsu , Yu Seungho , Yu Jihee , Yu Chanjong , Kim Taehwan , Lee Nahyeon , Ahn Yun Ho , Kim Yun Ho , Yoo Sungmi , Kim Ki Chul , Kim Dae Woo , Eum Kiwon 
Published: November 2024

AbstractFiller morphology control is critical for enhancing the gas separation performance of mixed matrix membranes (MMMs). A vertical transport channel using the crystal twinning phenomenon is designed on the zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF) nanoplate. Twinned ZIF‐8 (TZIF‐8) nanoplate is prepared by controlling the shape of ZIF‐L from nanosheet to twinned flake, followed by conversion into the ZIF‐8 phase. With the addition of TZIF‐8 in 6FDA‐DAM polymer, propylene/propane selectivity is dramatically enhanced, showing propylene permeability of 40 Barrer and propylene/propane selectivity of 82. The separation performance surpasses the performance of MMMs reported so far, and the selectivity is comparable to that of polycrystalline ZIF‐8 membranes. A transport mechanism study using mathematical models implies that the percolated twin fillers create rapid and selective gas channels for desired molecules and substantial tortuous pathways for undesired molecules.
TVT‐Based New Building Block with Enhanced π‐Electron Delocalization for Efficient Non‐Fused Photovoltaic Acceptor
Authors: Ren Junzhen , Zhang Shaoqing , Li Huixue , Wang Jianqiu , Ma Lijiao , Chen Zhihao , Wang Tao , Zhang Tao , Hou Jianhui 
Published: November 2024

AbstractTo address the high‐cost issue that impedes the large‐scale fabrication and industrialization of organic solar cells (OSCs), it is crucial to design low‐cost photovoltaic materials with simplified synthesis procedures. In this study, a novel fully non‐fused acceptor, ATVT‐BO, featuring a triisopropylbenzene‐substituted (E)‐1,2‐di(thiophen‐2‐yl)ethene (TVT) unit as the central core is designed and synthesized. A control acceptor, A4T‐BO, with the same alkyl chains but a bithiophene central core, is also synthesized for comparison. Theoretical calculations and practical measurements reveal that compared to A4T‐BO, the insertion of an ethylene bond in ATVT‐BO enhances the molecular planarity and reduces the aromaticity, leading to enhanced π‐electron delocalization and thus improved electron mobility and a red‐shifted optical absorption spectrum. The 3D molecular packing mode of ATVT‐BO, characterized by tight intermolecular interactions, also promotes efficient charge transport in OSCs. Consequently, when paired with the low‐cost polymer PTVT‐T, featuring an ester‐substituted TVT structure, as the photoactive layer, the PTVT‐T:ATVT‐BO‐based device achieves a remarkable power conversion efficiency of 14.8%, distinctly higher than that of PTVT‐T:A4T‐BO‐based cell. The result highlights the significant potential of TVT units in creating both low‐cost polymer donors and fully non‐fused acceptors, which opens up new possibilities for designing low‐cost photoactive materials in OSCs.
Toward Sustainable Utilization and Production of Tartaric Acid
Authors: Li Xiran , Liu Mengyuan , Li Wenhan , Wang Xin , Wang Shiyu , Yin Haoran , Yan Ning , Jin Xin , Yang Chaohe 
Published: November 2024

AbstractGlobal efforts toward establishing a circular carbon economy have guided research interests towards exploring renewable technologies that can replace environmentally harmful fossil fuel‐based production routes. In this context, sugar‐based bio‐derived substrates have been identified as renewable molecules for future implementation in chemical industries. Tartaric acid, a special C4 bio‐compound with two hydroxyl and carboxylic groups in the structure, displays great potential for the food, polymer, and pharmaceutical industries due to its unique biological reactivity and performance‐enhancing properties. To this point, there has yet to be a comprehensive literature review and perspective on the applications and synthesis of tartaric acid. As such, we have conducted a detailed and thorough outlook and discussion in terms of biological activity, organic synthesis, catalysis, structural characterization and synthetic routes. Lastly, we provide a critical discussion on the applications and synthesis of tartaric acid to give our insights into developing sustainable chemical technologies for the future.
Paths into and out of STEM fields: A qualitative study of women and students of color at a predominately white institution
Authors: Fredricks Jennifer A. , Cotter David A. , Lafontant Denesha 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis phenomenological study examines how women and Students of Color who attend a small undergraduate predominately white institution (PWI) make meaning of their experiences in science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) and how individual and contextual factors influence whether they decide to stay, leave, or add an STEM major. We conducted qualitative interviews with 50 juniors and seniors across three participation pathways: (1) students who entered college with an interest in an STEM major and are still an STEM major, (2) students who entered college with an interest in a non‐STEM major and switched to an STEM major, and (3) students who entered college with an interest in an STEM major and changed to a non‐STEM major. Students' descriptions of the factors that influenced their academic choices support the tenets of the situated expectancy‐value theory. Themes related to expectancies for success, value beliefs, and teachers and peers are presented. Implications of these findings for retaining underrepresented students in STEM majors are discussed.
Dynamics of Shoreline Changes Along the Coast of Subarnarekha and Budhabalanga River Estuary, North Eastern Coast of India Using DSAS Technique: A Geospatial Technology Approach
Authors: Giri Satyaranjan , Tripathy Jagadish Kumar , Mitra Debashis , Senapati Smruti Ranjan 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThe coastal regions represent one of the most significant environmental and economic resources, offering critical ecosystems that support biodiversity. Shoreline change analysis offers critical insights into coastal dynamics, providing trends in erosion and accretion, enabling effective coastal management and hazard mitigation. In the current study, shoreline change is assessed utilizing the Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) model for Subarnarekha and Budhabalanga river estuaries in Baleswar district, Odisha, India. The shoreline was extracted using multitemporal satellite images like Landsat‐5 and Landsat‐7 for the years 1991, 2000, and 2011. Similarly Sentinel‐2 and Landsat‐8 satellite imagery were used for the year 2022. The satellite data from 1991 to 2022 were processed using Envi, ArcGIS softwares and the shoreline is extracted for each year using band ratioing methods to demarcate shoreline. In the current research, the net accretion and erosion along the coast were analyzed using the GIS (geographic information systems) technique and the DSAS model. The four important statistical parameters of the DSAS model utilized in the study area are end point rate (EPR), net shoreline movement (NSM), linear regression rate (LRR), and least median of squares (LMS). The shoreline change analysis for the coast of Subarnarekha and Budhabalanga river estuary area from 1991 to 2022 reveals that 44% of the coast is under accretion, 7% is under stable coast, and 23% is under erosion. According to the findings, the coastal area of the recent study is both progressive and regressive in nature. For the study area, the average rates of shoreline accretion and erosion are 1.05 m and 0.45 m per year, respectively. The study gives information on erosion and accretion near the Subarnarekha and Budhabalanga river estuaries, which will aid in the development of an adaptive shoreline management strategy and coastal vulnerability assessment.