bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perceptions of participating in family‐centered fertility research among adolescent and young adult males newly diagnosed with cancer: A qualitative study
Authors: Nahata Leena , Morgan Taylor L. , Lipak Keagan G. , Clark Olivia E. , Yeager Nicholas D. , O'Brien Sarah H. , Whiteside Stacy , Audino Anthony , Quinn Gwendolyn P. , Gerhardt Cynthia A. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackgroundOver half of male childhood cancer survivors experience infertility after treatment, which is known to cause distress and impact future quality of life. Sperm banking rates remain low, and little is known about how adolescent and young adult (AYA) males and their families make fertility preservation (FP) decisions. This study examined AYA and parent perceptions of participating in a research study focused on testing a new FP decision tool at the time of cancer diagnosis.MethodsForty‐four participants (19 mothers, 11 fathers, 14 male AYAs 12–25 years old) from 20 families completed brief assessments at diagnosis and approximately one month later, including a qualitative interview exploring the impact of study participation. Verbatim transcripts were coded through thematic content analysis using the constant comparison method.ResultsTwo major themes emerged: (1) a positive effect of participating in the study and (2) a neutral effect (no positive/negative effect of participation). Subthemes that emerged for participants who noted a positive effect included (a) participation prompted deeper thinking, (b) participation influenced family conversations, and (c) participation resulted in altruism/helping others. No participant reported a negative effect.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates that participation in family‐centered research focused on FP among AYA males, before treatment begins, is perceived as beneficial or neutral at the time of a new cancer diagnosis. These findings provide support for future family‐centered FP interventions for this population.
Outcomes for pediatric patients with osteosarcoma treated with palliative radiotherapy
Authors: Chen Emily L. , Yoo Christopher H. , Gutkin Paulina M. , Merriott David J. , Avedian Raffi S. , Steffner Robert J. , Spunt Sheri L. , Pribnow Allison K. , Million Lynn , Donaldson Sarah S. , Hiniker Susan M. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackgroundFew studies have addressed the efficacy of palliative radiotherapy (RT) for pediatric osteosarcoma (OS), a disease generally considered to be radioresistant. We describe symptom relief, local control, and toxicity associated with palliative RT among children with OS.ProcedurePatients diagnosed with OS at age 18 and under and treated with RT for palliation of symptomatic metastases or local recurrence at the primary site from 1997 to 2017 were included. We retrospectively reviewed details of RT, symptom improvement, local control, survival, and toxicity.ResultsThirty‐two courses of palliative RT were given to 20 patients with symptomatic metastatic and/or locally recurrent primary disease. The median equivalent dose in 2 Gy fractions (EQD2) was 40.0 Gy (range, 20.0–60.4). The median number of fractions per course was 15 (range, 5–39). Symptom improvement occurred in 24 (75%) courses of RT at a median time of 15.5 days (range, 3–43). In nine courses (37.5%), symptoms recurred after a median duration of symptom relief of 140 days (range, 1–882). Higher EQD2 correlated with longer duration of response (r = 0.39, P = 0.0003). Imaging revealed local failure in 3 of 14 courses followed with surveillance imaging studies (21.4%). The median time to progression was 12.9 months (range, 4.4–21.8). The median follow‐up time following the first course of palliative RT was 17.5 months (range, 1.74–102.24), and median time to overall survival was 19.4 months. Toxicity was mild, with grade 2 toxicity occurring in one course (3.1%).ConclusionsRT is an effective method of symptom palliation for patients with recurrent or metastatic OS, with higher delivered dose correlating with longer symptom relief and with little associated toxicity.
Species composition and plant traits: Characterization of the biogeomorphological succession within contrasting river corridors
Authors: Tabacchi Eric , González Eduardo , Corenblit Dov , Garófano‐Gómez Virginia , Planty‐Tabacchi Anne‐Marie , Steiger Johannes 
Published: August 2019

AbstractPlant communities and dynamics can be characterized according to species composition or plant traits. Here, we used species composition and plant traits to compare their effectiveness in discriminating the biogeomorphological (involving reciprocal feedbacks between physical and biological processes) and ecological (mainly biologically driven) phases of the fluvial biogeomorphological succession (FBS) model. The comparison was done between two French rivers, the largely unchannelized lower Allier and the channelized middle Garonne. One reach representative of each river section was selected for the study. Within each river reach, we chose two contrasted study sites in terms of channel and floodplain dynamics: a reference site (least altered channel and floodplain dynamics) and an altered site (laterally stabilized by riprap and constrained). In the four study sites, we sampled vegetation in 402 plots of 4 m2. The 512 species identified in the plots were characterized in terms of plant traits (20) from a literature review. When comparing reaches in unconstrained ordinations and permutational multivariate analyses of variance, both species composition and plant traits led to a similar identification of the biogeomorphological and the ecological successional trajectories. Nevertheless, the trait approach was less influenced by local and regional bioclimatic, hydrogeomorphological, and anthropogenic settings and thus produced a more comprehensive and general classification of the biogeomorphological and ecological phases of the FBS model. A lower than expected contrast between the four sites was found, because neither species composition nor plant traits could entirely characterize distinct successional trajectories occurring in our reference or altered sites. Furthermore, our results contributed to a better understanding of the multiple successional trajectories that can occur in midlatitude river corridors. It also showed that relating plant traits to their effects on fluvial landform dynamics remains a core challenge in explaining succession including feedback mechanisms between hydrology, morphodynamics, and vegetation dynamics.
Space‐Confined Growth of Individual Wide Bandgap Single Crystal CsPbCl3 Microplatelet for Near‐Ultraviolet Photodetection
Authors: Gui Pengbin , Zhou Hai , Yao Fang , Song Zehao , Li Borui , Fang Guojia 
Published: August 2019

AbstractPerovskite photodetectors (PDs) with tunable detection wavelength have attracted extensive attention due to the potential application in the field of imaging, machine vision, and artificial intelligence. Most of the perovskite PDs focus on I‐ or Br‐based materials due to their easy preparation techniques. However, their main photodetection capacity is situated in the visible region because of their narrower bandgap. Cl‐based wide bandgap perovskites, such as CsPbCl3, are scarcely reported because of the bad film quality of the spin‐coated Cl‐based perovskite, due to the poor solubility of the precursor. Therefore, ultraviolet detection using high‐quality full inorganic perovskite films, especially with high thermal stability of materials and devices, is still a big challenge. In this work, high‐quality single crystal CsPbCl3 microplatelets (MPs) synthesized by a simple space‐confined growth method at low temperature for near‐ultraviolet (NUV) PDs are reported. The single CsPbCl3 MP PDs demonstrate a decent response to NUV light with a high on/off ratio of 5.6 × 103 and a responsivity of 0.45 A W−1 at 5 V. In addition, the dark current is as low as pA level, leading to detectivity up to 1011 Jones. Moreover, PDs possess good stability and repeatability.
Variability management in safety‐critical systems design and dependability analysis
Authors: de Oliveira André Luiz , Braga Rosana , Masiero Paulo , Parker David , Papadopoulos Yiannis , Habli Ibrahim , Kelly Tim 
Published: August 2019

AbstractSafety‐critical systems are of paramount importance for many application domains, where safety properties are a key driver to engineer critical aspects and avoid system failures. For the benefits of large‐scale reuse, software product lines (SPL) have been adopted in critical systems industry. However, the integration of safety analysis in the SPL development process is nontrivial. Also, the different usage contexts of safety‐critical systems complicates component fault modeling tasks and the identification of potential hazards. In this light, better methods become necessary to estimate the impact of dependability properties during Hazard Analysis and Risk Assessment. Existing methods incorporating the analysis of safety properties in SPL are limited as they do not include hazard analysis and component fault modeling. In this paper, we present the novel DEPendable Software Product Line Engineering (DEPendable‐SPLE) approach, which extends traditional SPL processes to support the reuse of safety assets. We also present a detailed analysis of the impact of product and context features on the SPL design, safety analysis, and safety requirements. We applied DEPendable‐SPLE to a realistic case study from the aerospace domain to illustrate how to model and reuse safety properties. DEPendable‐SPLE reduced the effort of safety analysis for certifying system variants.
A delta‐oriented approach to support the safe reuse of black‐box code rewriters
Authors: Benni Benjamin , Mosser Sébastien , Moha Naouel , Riveill Michel 
Published: August 2019

AbstractLarge‐scale corrective and perfective maintenance is often automated thanks to rewriting rules using tools such as Python2to3, Spoon, or Coccinelle. Such tools consider these rules as black‐boxes and compose multiple rules by chaining them: giving the output of a given rewriting rule as input to the next one. It is up to the developer to identify the right order (if it exists) among all the different rules to yield the right program. In this paper, we define a formal model compatible with the black‐box assumption that reifies the modifications (Δs) made by each rule. Leveraging these Δs, we propose a way to safely compose multiple rules when applied to the same program by (a) ensuring the isolated application of the different rules and (b) identifying unexpected behaviors that were silently ignored before. We assess this approach on two large‐scale case studies: (a) identifying conflicts in the Linux source‐code automated maintenance and (b) fixing energy antipatterns existing in Android applications available on GitHub.
Efficient Semitransparent CsPbI3 Quantum Dots Photovoltaics Using a Graphene Electrode
Authors: Tavakoli Mohammad Mahdi , Nasilowski Michel , Zhao Jiayuan , Bawendi Moungi G. , Kong Jing 
Published: August 2019

AbstractSolution‐processed perovskite quantum dots (QDs) are promising candidates for fabrication of semitransparent and tandem solar cells due to the bandgap tunability. In this work, cesium lead triiodide (CsPbI3) QDs are synthesized with a stable cubic phase and efficient perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are fabricated using the ligand exchange technique. Monolayer graphene is grown by chemical vapor deposition technique and a dry process to transfer graphene on top of the device is developed. Based on this approach, an efficient inverted PSC is demonstrated with a high average visible transmittance (AVT). After optimization, PSCs based on silver and graphene electrodes with power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of 9.6% and 6.8% are achieved, respectively. Additionally, by tuning the thickness of the active layer, a PSC with PCE of 4.95% and AVT of 53% is demonstrated, indicating the potential of CsPbI3 QDs for the fabrication of semitransparent devices applicable in windows.
Analysis of the degradation of amyloid beta fibrils after separation via the combination of non‐denaturing agarose electrophoresis and Congo red dye staining
Authors: Kawano Risa , Nakanishi Ayaka , Zako Tamotsu , Shimazaki Youji 
Published: August 2019

AbstractA combinational method for the separation and the degradation of amyloid‐β fibrils in the biological samples is developed to suppress the amyloid‐β fibrils content. The complexes of the Congo red dye and amyloid‐β fibrils migrate to the anode in a non‐denaturing agarose electrophoresis owing to its negative charge, thus separating the complex containing amyloid‐β fibrils from the human plasma proteins and the amyloid‐β monomer. The separated amyloid‐β fibrils exhibited birefringence under a polarizing microscope and immunoreactivity to the anti‐amyloid‐β antibody. The digestion of 0.23 nmol of the amyloid‐β fibrils using nattokinase at 37°C for 24 h increased with the amount of enzyme up to 9 pmol, beyond which the digestion was independent of the enzyme concentration. The digestion of 0.23 nmol of the amyloid‐β fibrils with 22.5 pmol of nattokinase at 37°C increased with time up to 6 h, following which, it became independent of time. The extraction of the separated amyloid‐β fibrils from the agarose gel accompanied the removal of major plasma proteins from the spiked plasma and amyloid‐β fibrils. The combination of the non‐denaturing agarose gel electrophoresis and the dye staining would be applicable to examine formation and degradation processes of amyloid‐β fibrils after their separation from the biological samples.
Indicator diagrams of oil free scroll vacuum pumps
Authors: Tyurin A. , Burmistrov A. , Salikeev S. , Raykov A. , Fomina M. 
Published: August 2019

SummaryExperimental test unit for obtaining indicator diagrams of a scroll vacuum pump was developed. Indicator diagrams for different pump inlet pressures and different rotation speeds of the drive shaft were obtained. The obtained results are analyzed.
Auslegung und Fertigung von UHV‐Kammern
Authors: Tümmel Stephanie 
Published: August 2019

SummaryDesign and manufacturing of UHV chambersThe selection of materials, the finish of the surfaces, the design of the construction: What influence do these factors have in the area of ultra‐high vacuum? Which pumping power is actually required for the respective application? Why can it be difficult to achieve a suitable end pressure? The author gives an overview of the key points to be considered when designing and manufacturing chambers for the UHV. The article is not just about manufacturing, it also touches product safety and risk assessment issues.
Power production waste
Authors: Ye Junpei , Zubair Muhammad , Wang Siqi , Cai Yajing , Zhang Panyue 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIn this paper, the research literatures published in 2018 about power production waste generated from the coal‐fired power plants and nuclear power plants are reviewed. The wastes from coal‐fired plants include fly ash, flue gas desulfurization gypsum, spent selective catalytic reduction catalyst, hazardous trace elements, and the management, reuse, and disposal of these wastes are discussed. The treatment and disposal of wastes generated from nuclear power plants is also considered.Practitioner points

Reuse and disposal of coal‐fired and nuclear power plant waste is discussed in this annual literature review.

Emission of hazardous trace elements from coal‐fired power plant is summarized.

Radiological contaminant removal and radionuclides waste disposal is essential for nuclear power plant.
Thermal effects
Authors: Wang Siqi , Zhou Zeyan , Li Fan , Ye Junpei , Cai Yajing , Zhang Panyue , Nabi Mohammad 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThis review focuses on the research literature published in 2018 relating to thermal effects in wastewater and solid waste treatment. This review is divided into the following sections: treatment of wastewater and sludge, removal and recovery of nitrogen and phosphorus, reduction and recovery of heavy metals, membrane technology, and treatment and disposal of solid wastes.Practitioner points

Thermal effect plays an important role in the treatment of wastewater and sewage sludge.

Recovery of nitrogen and phosphorus from wastewater and sewage sludge offers an excellent feedstock for soil amendment.

Increase of treatment temperature facilitates removal and recovery of heavy metals from water and soil environment.
Korean Mathematics Education Meets Dutch Didactics
Authors: Lee Kyeong-Hwa , Chong YeongOk , Na GwiSoo , Park JinHyeong 
Published: August 2019

AbstractDutch didactics—in Korean mathematics education society often referred to as Realistic Mathematics Education (RME)—has become one of the major perspectives on mathematics education which have been widely discussed and applied by Korean mathematics educators and mathematics teachers to reform Korean mathematics education over the past 35 years. This chapter briefly depicts how RME has been introduced in both theoretical and practical viewpoints through doctoral and master’s theses as well as through journal articles and curriculum documents in Korea. It turns out that RME has provided integral and meaningful issues to be constantly discussed among Korean mathematics educators since its introduction in the 1980s. In conclusion, RME has contributed largely to activating and reshaping Korean mathematics education in multiple ways although several barriers to overcome or perspectives to modify have emerged due to Korea’s different social and educational backgrounds. Parts of these barriers as well as recognised benefits come to the fore through feedback and reflections from the teachers and students who experienced RME in Korean contexts, as described at the end of this chapter.
The Influence of Realistic Mathematics Education Outside the Netherlands—The Case of Puerto Rico
Authors: Hernández-Rodríguez Omar , López-Fernández Jorge , Quintero-Rivera Ana Helvia , Velázquez-Estrella Aileen 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIn this chapter, we describe the genesis and evolution of Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) in Puerto Rico, and analyse the aspects that allowed or deferred its influence on local mathematics education. RME was introduced in Puerto Rico thanks to a group of mathematics professors at the University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras Campus, who collaborated, first with staff from Wisconsin University and later more closely with a team of designers from the Freudenthal Institute. This was the beginning of a collaboration that lasted several years and accounted for the design and development of quality educational materials adapted to the Puerto Rican reality. The initial goal was to develop a curriculum for the elementary level, but it soon developed into a more comprehensive project Las Matemáticas en Contexto en Puerto Rico (MeC-PR) that included training for teachers and developers, implementation efforts, and research initiatives. RME in Puerto Rico went through interconnected, and sometimes overlapping, stages of design, training, implementation, and research. All of them left their mark in different areas such as educational practices, official documents, and research practices.
Intervening with Realistic Mathematics Education in England and the Cayman Islands—The Challenge of Clashing Educational Ideologies
Authors: Dickinson Paul , Eade Frank , Gough Steve , Hough Sue , Solomon Yvette 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIn this chapter, we discuss the issue of implementing Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) in the English education system over a number of years and education sectors. We also consider the experience of one of us in the Cayman Islands, a British overseas territory with an education system that is influenced by British tradition, but is distant from many of its politically driven accountability pressures and measures. We illustrate first the challenges of developing an RME approach which is operable within the English system, highlighting the issues of student expectation, dominant didactic practices and assessment, all of which influenced what we were able to do. Second, we describe the outcomes of interventions in England at early secondary school level (age 12–14, Key Stage 3) and at General Certificate of Secondary Education (GCSE) level (normally age 15–16, Key Stage 4, but also available in post-16 education). Finally, Frank Eade describes his experience of building on our early work to develop an RME approach in the Cayman Islands. We conclude with a discussion of the lessons learned from these challenges. We argue that despite the problems we encountered there are reasons to remain optimistic about the potential of an RME approach in the English system.
From Tinkering to Practice—The Role of Teachers in the Application of Realistic Mathematics Education Principles in the United States
Authors: Webb David C. , Peck Frederick A. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe history of Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) in the United States has positioned teachers at the centre of innovation from its early years to present day. From the first proof-of-concept study at a high school in Milwaukee to localised professional development opportunities, the application and spread of RME is best characterised as a teacher-centred approach to principled reconsideration of how students learn mathematics. Such reconsideration of beliefs and conceptions is often motivated when teachers re-experience mathematics through the lens of progressive formalisation and related didactic approaches. Through a series of cases that articulate teacher interpretation and application of RME in U.S. classrooms, we highlight how teacher participation has led to greater exploration of student-centred practices. These efforts, while inspired and supported by professional development and curricula, have been inspired and sustained by teachers who provide colleagues a proof-of-concept in local contexts.
Low Achievers in Mathematics—Ideas from the Netherlands for Developing a Competence-Oriented View
Authors: Scherer Petra 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAlthough in Germany a competence-oriented view on teaching and learning mathematics has been one of the guiding principles for primary mathematics since the early 1990s, this approach was not appreciated for low achievers or for students in special education. Research in special education mostly focused on diagnosis with regard to deficiencies and not considering individual thinking and interpretations of mathematical tasks and problems. Moreover, the usual teaching practice in special education could be characterised by learning step-by-step in a rather mechanistic and reproductive way. Influenced by research papers and encouraging classroom experiences with low-achieving students in the Netherlands, my research focused on the question to what extent competence-oriented diagnosis followed by an inquiry-based learning approach would be appropriate also for students with special needs, or especially for them. Instead of underestimating these students’ abilities, it seemed necessary to give them the opportunity to show what they are capable of, for example, by using more open problems that show the ideas students have in mind. In several projects and studies referring to different mathematical topics it could be shown that even low achievers benefited from a competence-oriented diagnosis and from an open approach and that these students were able to choose individual strategies, make use of structures and relations, find patterns and show creative and effective work.