bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nurses' and nursing assistants' emotional skills: A major determinant of motivation for patient education
Authors: Lelorain Sophie , Bachelet Adeline , Goncalves Virginie , Wortel Erica , Billes Marine , Seillier Mélanie , Bertin Nicole , Bourgoin Maryline 
Published: April 2019

AbstractAimsTo explore professionals' (i.e. nurses and nursing assistants) motivation for Patient Education according to their emotional skills.DesignA cross‐sectional study using a convenience sample of professionals completing self‐reported questionnaires assessing their general emotional skills and their Patient‐Education‐related sense of competence, autonomy and relatedness, according to the theory of basic psychological needs.MethodsProfessionals from 27 French hospitals working in various departments completed paper and web‐based questionnaires between January 2015 ‐ May 2017. Mediation analyses were performed controlling for the already known variables associated with motivation for patient education.ResultsUsable questionnaires (N = 185) were analysed. Professionals' emotional skills were associated with their motivation for Therapeutic Patient Education both directly and indirectly (i.e. partial mediation) via a higher sense of competence in Patient Education. Among the covariates, professionals who had received a high‐level training in Patient Education, those with a high recognition of their work in patient education and nurses (compared with nursing assistants) were the most motivated.ConclusionProfessionals' emotional skills are the mainstay of their motivation for Patient Education. Training should aim to develop these skills so that professionals can manage their own emotions better (e.g. frustration when faced with non‐motivated patients) and those of patients (e.g. discouragement) and thus effectively support patient self‐management.ImpactThe study addressed nurses' and nursing assistants' motivation for patient education. Their emotional skills were directly and indirectly – via a higher sense of patient‐education‐related competence – associated with higher motivation. Training for professionals should therefore develop their emotional skills.
Mental health patients’ experiences of softer coercion and its effects on their interactions with practitioners: A qualitative evidence synthesis
Authors: Allison Rob , Flemming Kate 
Published: April 2019

AbstractAimsTo synthesize qualitative evidence of mental health patients’ treatment‐related experiences of softer coercion and its effect on their interactions with practitioners.BackgroundCoercion is controversial but global in mental health care. It ranges from softer to harder forms, but less attention is given in the literature to softer coercion.DesignQualitative thematic synthesis examining patients’ experiences of softer coercion.Data SourcesElectronic databases searched from inception to September 2015 and further updated January 2018.Review MethodsThematic synthesis of 11 UK/Irish articles, quality appraised using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme tool.ResultsThree analytic themes were developed: Losing a sense of self, Less than therapeutic relationship, and Journey through treatment.ConclusionSofter coercion is experienced across mental health care in a context of broader coercion.
Association between pulse pressure at discharge and clinical outcomes in patients with acute myocardial infarction: From the KAMIR‐Korean‐NIH registry
Authors: Park Hyun Woong , Kang Min Gyu , Kim Kyehwan , Koh Jin‐Sin , Park Jeong Rang , Hwang Seok‐Jae , Kim Hye Ree , Jeong Young‐Hoon , Ahn Jong Hwa , Jang Jeong Yoon , Kwak Choong Hwan , Park Yongwhi , Hwang Jin‐Yong , Jeong Myung Ho , Kim Hyo‐Soo , Yoon Chang‐Hwan , Kim Doo‐Il ,   the KAMIR‐Korean‐NIH registry
Published: April 2019

AbstractPulse pressure (PP) is affected by arterial stiffness and is a predictor of cardiovascular events. However, value and utility of PP assessment in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) remain less clear. We aimed to evaluate the association between PP and cardiovascular events in surviving patients with AMI at discharge. A total of 11 944 surviving patients with AMI at discharge from a Korean nationwide registry were included. Blood pressure was checked just before discharge. Noncardiac death and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) including cardiac death, AMI, and stroke after discharge were analyzed. The median follow‐up duration was 368 (IQR 339, 388) days. The rate of MACEs and cardiac death was higher in groups with the lowest PP (PP < 20 mm Hg) and highest PP (PP ≥ 71 mm Hg) and lowest in the group with PP of 31‐40 mm Hg. With PP of 31‐40 mm Hg as reference, univariate analysis showed a U‐shaped association between the risk of MACEs (PP ≤ 20 mm Hg: hazard ratio [HR] 2.3; PP ≥ 71 mm Hg: HR 2.7) or cardiac death (PP ≤ 20 mm Hg: HR 2.6; PP ≥ 71 mm Hg: HR 3.1) and PP. In multivariate analysis, the curve changed from being U‐shaped to J‐shaped, and HR for PP ≥ 71 mm Hg (1.2 for MACEs and 1.4 cardiac death) decreased and HR for PP < 20 (2.1 for MACEs and 2.4 for cardiac death) did not significantly decrease after adjustment for cardiovascular risk factors. Our findings indicate that PP is a strong independent prognostic factor of MACEs and cardiac death in surviving patients with AMI. Low PP is a more significant independent predictor of MACEs and cardiac death than high PP in surviving patients after AMI.
Potential vector species of carp edema virus (CEV)
Authors: Matras Marek , Stachnik Magdalena , Borzym Ewa , Maj‐Paluch Joanna , Reichert Michal 
Published: April 2019

AbstractDuring a PCR‐based CEV survey in Poland in 2015–2017, the virus was detected in many farms both in clinical and asymptomatic cases and in common as well as in koi carp (Cyprinus carpio). In order to evaluate the potential carrier role of fish species that share the same habitats with carp, an experimental trial was performed. Investigations carried out on specimens of bleak (Alburnus alburnus), crucian carp (Carassius carassius), European perch (Perca fluviatilis), Prussian carp (Carassius gibelio), roach (Rutilus rutilus) and tench (Tinca tinca) cohabited with CEV‐infected carp yielded positive results. These species of fish were experimentally cohabited with CEV‐infected common carp at a temperature of 16°C ± 1. Material from the brain, gills, spleen, kidneys, intestine and skin was investigated for the presence of CEV DNA. Similar investigations were performed with uninfected fish designated controls. Samples were tested for CEV by qPCR.
The field and microstructural signatures of deformation‐assisted melt transfer: Insights from magmatic arc lower crust, New Zealand
Authors: Meek Uvana , Piazolo Sandra , Daczko Nathan R. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractMelt must transfer through the lower crust, yet the field signatures and mechanisms involved in such transfer zones (excluding dykes) are still poorly understood. We report field and microstructural evidence of a deformation‐assisted melt transfer zone that developed in the lower crustal magmatic arc environment of Fiordland, New Zealand. A 30–40 m wide hornblende‐rich body comprising hornblende ± clinozoisite and/or garnet exhibits 'igneous‐like' features and is hosted within a metamorphic, two‐pyroxene–pargasite gabbroic gneiss (GG). Previous studies have interpreted the hornblende‐rich body as an igneous cumulate or a mass transfer zone. We present field and microstructural characteristics supporting the later and indicating the body has formed by deformation‐assisted, channelized, reactive porous melt flow. The host granulite facies GG contains distinctive rectilinear dykes and garnet reaction zones (GRZ) from earlier in the geological history; these form important reaction and strain markers. Field observations show that the mineral assemblages and microstructures of the GG and GRZ are progressively modified with proximity to the hornblende‐rich body. At the same time, GRZ bend systematically into the hornblende‐rich body on each side of the unit, showing apparent sinistral shearing. Within the hornblende‐rich body itself, microstructures and electron back‐scatter diffraction mapping show evidence of the former presence of melt including observations consistent with melt crystallization within pore spaces, elongate pseudomorphs of melt films along grain boundaries, minerals with low dihedral angles as small as <10° and up to <60°, and interconnected 3D melt pseudomorph networks. Reaction microstructures with highly irregular contact boundaries are observed at the field and thin‐section scale in remnant islands of original rock and replaced grains, respectively. We infer that the hornblende‐rich body was formed by modification of the host GG in situ due to reaction between an externally derived, reactive, hydrous gabbroic to intermediate melt percolating via porous melt flow through an actively deforming zone. Extensive melt–rock interaction and metasomatism occurred via coupled dissolution–precipitation, triggered by chemical disequilibrium between the host rock and the fluxing melt. As a result, the host plagioclase and pyroxene became unstable and were reacted and dissolved into the melt, while hornblende and to a lesser extent clinozoisite and garnet grew replacing the unstable phases. Our study shows that hornblendite rocks commonly observed within deep crustal sections, and attributed to cumulate fractionation processes, may instead delineate areas of deformation‐assisted, channelized reactive porous melt flow formed by melt‐mediated coupled dissolution–precipitation replacement reactions.
Surgical nurses' perceptions and experiences of a medications and oral restrictions policy change: A focus group study
Authors: To The‐Phung , Dunnachie Gillian , Brien Jo‐anne , Story David A. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractAims and objectivesTo explore the perceptions and experiences of surgical nurses before and after introducing the Medications and Oral Restrictions Policy (the Policy).BackgroundThe Policy was developed following extensive consultation, and evidence‐based strategies were considered for its implementation. However, it is possible uptake did not meet expectations.DesignFocus group interviews.MethodsThree focus groups were conducted in November 2015 around ‘what worked, what didn't and why, before and after hospital‐wide implementation of the Policy.’ Data were coded and analysed using an inductive–deductive thematic analysis approach. The COREQ checklist guided reporting.ResultsThe three groups consisted of 16, 14 and six surgical nurses. Before the Policy, there was confusion, lack of clarity and guidance, and lack of experience and confidence in managing medications when patients had oral restrictions. After the Policy rollout, there was a sense of ‘knowing what to do’ because of improved clarity and decision support; but there were also problems with: not everyone knowing about the policy, particularly due to staff movement and turnover; and, individual interpretation of the policy including use of its signs outside of context, and decision‐making processes.ConclusionExploration of nurses' perceptions of a medication‐related policy change found that while the Policy provided clarity and decision support for some, it made little difference for others. Limited reach of the policy was an issue despite an effort to address this at the outset, as well as variations in interpretation of the policy and subsequent decision‐making.Relevance to clinical practiceHow individuals interpret information and their understanding of the context behind the policy or guideline may affect implementation and should be considered alongside other barriers when implementing medication‐related initiatives. Furthermore, implementation strategies that are independent of ongoing resources and/or key champions to sustain should be prioritised for all initiatives.
Domestic violence and suicide attempts among married women: A case–control study
Authors: Rahmani Farzad , Salmasi Shiva , Rahmani Farnaz , Bird Jamie , Asghari Elnaz , Robai Navide , Asghari Jafarabadi Mohammad , Gholizadeh Leila 
Published: April 2019

AbstractAims and objectivesTo investigate the impact of domestic violence‐related factors on suicide attempt in married women.BackgroundSuicide is a global public health concern that poses significant burden on individuals, families and communities. There is limited research on factors predicting suicide attempt in women.DesignA retrospective case–control design was adopted.MethodsUsing a convenience sampling method, 610 participants, admitted to a teaching referral hospital in Northwest of Iran, were recruited to the study and assigned to case or control groups based on whether or not they had attempted suicide. The participants in two groups were matched in the terms of important demographic characteristics. Domestic violence‐related factors were considered as independent variables and suicide attempt as dependent variable. Descriptive statistics, and simple and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to analyse the data. Odds ratios (OR) of domestic violence‐related factors were compared between the groups. We used STROBE checklist as an EQUATOR in this study.ResultsThe mean age of participants in the case and control groups was 28.4 and 29.45 years, respectively. The infidelity was the strongest predictor of suicide attempt in women (OR 44.57, 95%CI 6.08–326. 63, p < 0.001), followed by being threatened to physical assault by husband (OR 37.01, 95%CI 11.54–118.67, p < 0.001), jealousy of husband (OR 23.46, 95%CI 11.63–47.30, p < 0.001), and previous attempts to divorce (OR 16.55, 95%CI 5.91–46.31, p < 0.001). Suicide attempt was significantly lower in women who reported a sense of peace in life or lived with their mother or father‐in‐law (p < 0.001).ConclusionsTo reduce the risk of suicide in women, violence against women should be condemned and appropriate prevention measures be taken by health professionals.Relevance to clinical practiceRecognising risk, assessment and referral of victims of domestic violence should be an integral part of healthcare systems.
Strigolactone represses the synthesis of melatonin, thereby inducing floral transition in Arabidopsis thaliana in an FLC‐dependent manner
Authors: Zhang Zixin , Hu Qian , Liu Yanan , Cheng Peilei , Cheng Hua , Liu Weixin , Xing Xiaojuan , Guan Zhiyong , Fang Weimin , Chen Sumei , Jiang Jiafu , Chen Fadi 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe transition from vegetative to reproductive growth is a key developmental event in a plant's life cycle. The process is mediated by a combination of phytohormones, including melatonin (MT) and strigolactone (SL). Here, the Arabidopsis mutants, d14‐1 and max4‐1, which are compromised with respect to either SL synthesis or signaling, were shown to flower earlier than wild types. The tissue MT content in both mutants was higher than in wild types, as a result of the up‐regulation of various genes encoding enzymes involved in MT synthesis. The abundance in the mutants of transcripts derived from each of the genes SPLs, AP1, and SOC1 was reduced with exogenously supplied MT, while FLC was induced. Plants exposed to a high concentration of MT did not flower earlier than wild types. The tissue MT content of a mutant unable to synthesize caffeic acid O‐methyltransferase was less than that of wild type and flowered earlier than did wild types. The suggestion is that the flowering time of Arabidopsis is altered if the tissue content of MT is either higher than ~ 8 ng/g F.W, or lower than ~ 0.9 ng/g. Within this range, SL acts to determine flowering time by its regulation of SPL genes. The application of exogenous SL reduces tissue MT content. The flowering time of the flc‐3 mutant was unaffected by exogenously supplying either MT or/and SL. It is proposed that MT acts downstream of SL to activate FLC, inducing a delay to flowering if its concentration lies outside a certain range.
The Association Between Telemedicine and Emergency Department (ED) Disposition: A Stepped Wedge Design of an ED‐Based Telemedicine Program in Critical Access Hospitals
Authors: Natafgi Nabil , Mohr Nicholas M. , Wittrock Amy , Bell Amanda , Ward Marcia M. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractPurposeTo study the relationship between the availability and activation of emergency department‐based telemedicine (teleED) and patient disposition in Critical Access Hospitals (CAHs).MethodsA non randomized stepped wedge design examined 133,396 ED visits in 15 CAHs that subscribe to a single teleED provider. Data were available for at least 12 months prior to teleED implementation and at least 12 months of post‐implementation. Primary analyses were conducted using multinomial logistic regression models with teleED availability (indicator of post‐teleED implementation period) and activation (indicator of utilization of teleED service) predicting discharge disposition adjusting for age, sex, and clinical diagnosis.ResultsPatients for whom teleED was activated were more likely to be transferred [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 12.04; 95% confidence interval (CI), 10.97‐13.21] and more likely to be admitted to the local hospital (aOR = 3.23; 95% CI, 2.84‐3.67) than to be routinely discharged. This pattern was confirmed for patients presenting with chest pain, mental illness, and injury/poisoning. However, in the period following teleED implementation, patients presenting to EDs after telemedicine was available, but not necessarily utilized, were less likely to be admitted to the local hospital (aOR = 0.79; 95% CI, 0.76‐0.82) than to be routinely discharged.ConclusionsTelemedicine availability in CAH EDs is associated with a higher likelihood of routine discharges from the ED possibly due to changes in care associated with teleED implementation. The relationship between teleED use and disposition may be related to selection in activating teleED for cases more likely to require hospital inpatient care.
Bed and rise times during the Age of Enlightenment: A case report
Authors: van Egmond Lieve , Ekman Martin , Benedict Christian 
Published: April 2019

AbstractStudies have shown that our modern electrical lighting environment reduces naturally occurring seasonal variations in sleep–wake rhythms, such as longer sleep during the winter versus summer. However, less is known about how timing and duration of sleep were affected by the seasons in the premodern era, before the invention of electrical lighting. The Swedish researcher Olof Hiorter collected and documented geophysical data every hour during wakefulness in Uppsala, Sweden, between December 1746 and November 1747. In this way, his bed and rise times could be approximated. The data revealed that Hiorter's rise times occurred around 1 hr before sunrise in winter versus 1 hr after sunrise in summer. No such association was observed between the time of sunset and Hiorter's bedtimes. Finally, the time in bed was about 3.5–4 hr shorter in summer compared to winter. This 273‐year‐old case report suggests that time in bed and rise times of people from the premodern era exhibited seasonal variations.
Real‐world effectiveness of sofosbuvir/velpatasvir/voxilaprevir in 573 direct‐acting antiviral experienced hepatitis C patients
Authors: Belperio Pamela S. , Shahoumian Troy A. , Loomis Timothy P. , Backus Lisa I. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractSofosbuvir/velpatasvir/voxilaprevir (SOF/VEL/VOX) provides a needed hepatitis C virus (HCV) antiviral option for direct‐acting antiviral (DAA)‐experienced patients. We evaluated the effectiveness of SOF/VEL/VOX for 12 weeks in DAA‐experienced patients with genotype 1‐4 treated in clinical practice. In this observational cohort analysis from the Veterans Affairs’ Clinical Case Registry, 573 DAA‐experienced patients initiating SOF/VEL/VOX were included: 490 genotype 1, 20 genotype 2, 51 genotype 3 and 12 genotype 4. Rates of cirrhosis were 32.7%, 30.0%, 49.0% and 58.3%; rates of prior NS5A‐experience were 100.0%, 95.0%, 90.2% and 100.0% for genotypes 1‐4, respectively. Overall SVR rates were 90.7% (429/473), 90.0% (18/20), 91.3% (42/46) and 100.0% (12/12) for genotypes 1‐4, respectively, and were 91.3% (274/300), 88.9% (16/18), 90.2% (37/41) and 100.0% (11/11) for those with prior NS5A + NS5B experience. For genotype 1, SVR rates were similar in patients with prior regimens of ledipasvir/SOF (90.6%, 298/329), elbasvir/grazoprevir (91.2%, 73/80) and ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir/dasabuvir (90.9%, 70/77). SVR rates in genotype 1, 2 and 3 patients with prior SOF/VEL experience were 78.9% (15/19), 86.7% (13/15) and 84.6% (11/13). In genotype 1‐4 patients completing 12 weeks of SOF/VEL/VOX, overall SVR rates were 95.1% (409/430), 89.5% (17/19), 93.3% (42/45) and 100% (12/12). In this diverse real‐world cohort of heavily NS5A pretreated patients, SOF/VEL/VOX SVR rates in DAA‐experienced patients were high across all genotypes. Genotype 1 patients who had prior experience with the most commonly prescribed NS5A regimens achieved similarly high SVR rates when retreated with SOF/VEL/VOX. For genotypes 1, 2 and 3, patients with prior SOF/VEL experience had lower SVR rates.
Encouraging interviewees to say more and deception: The ghostwriter method
Authors: Leal Sharon , Vrij Aldert , Deeb Haneen , Kamermans Kevin 
Published: April 2019

BackgroundWe examined a new method to encourage interviewees to say more, the ghostwriter method, and examined its effect on eliciting information and cues to deceit.MethodA total of 150 truth tellers and liars either told the truth about a trip they made in the last 12 months or pretended to have made such a trip. They were allocated to a Control condition, a ‘Be detailed’ condition in which they were encouraged to report even small details and a ghostwriter condition in which they were told to imagine talking to a ghostwriter. The dependent variables were details, complications, common knowledge details, self‐handicapping strategies, proportion of complications, plausibility, and verifiable sources.ResultsThe ghostwriter condition elicited more details and revealed in plausibility a stronger cue to deceit than the other two conditions.ConclusionThe ghostwriter method appears to be a promising tool for eliciting information and cues to deceit.