bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pretreatment lactate dehydrogenase may predict outcome of advanced non small‐cell lung cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Zhang Zhibo , Li Ye , Yan Xiang , Song Qi , Wang Guoqiang , Hu Yi , Jiao Shunchang , Wang Jinliang 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe main aim of this study is to investigate whether baseline lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) is associated with the clinical outcome of non small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). We searched Pubmed, the Cochrane Central library and Embase for peripheral blood biomarker of LDH in advanced NSCLC patients treated with ICIs. We extracted the hazard ratio (HR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) for the progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) and performed meta‐analysis of HR. Pooled estimates of treatment outcomes were calculated by stata 15.1. Six studies with 1136 patients were included in this study. The pooled results of univariate analysis suggested that an elevated pretreatment LDH level was correlated with significant shorter PFS (HR = 1.53, 95% CI 1.27‐1.83, P < 0.001) and OS (HR = 2.11, 95% CI 1.43‐3.11, P < 0.001). The association remained significant in the multivariate analysis that elevated pretreatment LDH level was associated with poor PFS (HR = 1.62, 95% CI 1.26‐2.08, P < 0.001) and OS (HR = 2.38, 95% CI 1.37‐4.12, P = 0.002). A high pretreatment LDH level was significantly correlated with shorter PFS and OS. Pretreatment LDH may serve as a predictive biomarker for advanced NSCLC patients treated with ICIs.
High GPR56 surface expression correlates with a leukemic stem cell gene signature in CD34‐positive AML
Authors: Daga Shruti , Rosenberger Angelika , Quehenberger Franz , Krisper Nina , Prietl Barbara , Reinisch Andreas , Zebisch Armin , Sill Heinz , Wölfler Albert 
Published: March 2019

AbstractAcute myeloid leukemia (AML) is driven by a minor fraction of leukemic stem cells (LSCs) whose persistence is considered being the primary cause of disease relapse. A detailed characterization of the surface immunophenotype of LSCs to discriminate them from bulk leukemic blasts may enable successful targeting of this population thereby improving patient outcomes in AML. To identify surface markers, which may reflect LSC activity at diagnosis, we performed a detailed analysis of 16 putative LSC markers in CD34/38 leukemic subcompartments of 150 diagnostic AML samples using multicolor flow cytometry. The most promising markers were then selected to determine a possible correlation of their expression with a recently published LSC gene signature. We found GPR56 and CLL‐1 to be the most prominently differently expressed surface markers in AML subcompartments. While GPR56 was highest expressed within the LSC‐enriched CD34+38− subcompartment as compared to CD34+38+ and CD34− leukemic bulk cells, CLL‐1 expression was lowest in CD34+38− leukemic cells and increased in CD34+38+ and CD34− blasts. Furthermore, high GPR56 surface expression in CD34+38− leukemic cells correlated with a recently published LSC gene expression signature and was associated with decreased overall survival in patients receiving intensive chemotherapy. In contrast, CLL‐1 expression correlated inversely with the LSC gene signature and was not informative on outcome. Our data strongly support GPR56 as a promising clinically relevant marker for identifying leukemic cells with LSC activity at diagnosis in CD34‐positive AML.
Anticancer drugs approved by the Food and Drug Administration for gastrointestinal malignancies: Clinical benefit and price considerations
Authors: Jiang Di Maria , Chan Kelvin K. W. , Jang Raymond W. , Booth Christopher , Liu Geoffrey , Amir Eitan , Mason Robert , Everest Louis , Elimova Elena 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe cost of new anticancer drugs is rising. We aimed to assess the clinical benefit and price of anti‐cancer drugs approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for advanced gastrointestinal cancers.MethodsDrugs approved between 2006 and 2017 for advanced GI malignancies were identified from FDA.gov, and their updated supporting trial data were searched. Incremental clinical benefit was quantified by using ESMO Magnitude of Clinical Benefit Scale version 1.1 (grade 0‐5) and ASCO Value Framework version 2 (score range −20 to 180). Higher scores indicate larger net benefit, and substantial benefit was defined as score 4 or 5 by the European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO). The Micromedex REDBOOK was used to estimate the monthly average wholesale price (AWP) and total drug price (TDP) over the median treatment duration per patient. Clinical benefit, AWP and TDP of each drug class were assessed.ResultsIn total, 16 GI cancer drugs received FDA approval for 24 indications, including five monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), five oral targeted therapies (TT), two immunotherapeutics (IO), three cytotoxic chemotherapies (CT), and one recombinant fusion protein (aflibercept). Most supporting trials (82%) reported overall survival benefit of less than 3 months and no significant improvement in quality of life. Only five agents (including one TT and one IO) with 21% the of approved indications met the ESMO's threshold of substantial clinical benefit. Median incremental benefit scores of TT and IO were comparable to other drug classes. However their median TDP was much higher at $153 402 and $98 208, respectively, compared to $30 330 USD per patient for CT. The estimated TDP did not correlate with clinical benefit scores.ConclusionMost FDA–approved gastrointestinal cancer drugs do not meet the ESMO threshold of substantial clinical benefit. TT and IO are estimated to carry significant drug costs, and further cost analysis of these drugs is urgently needed.
Highly Ordered 3D Porous Graphene Sponge for Wearable Piezoresistive Pressure Sensor Applications
Authors: Wang Tao , Li Jinhui , Zhang Yu , Liu Feng , Zhang Bo , Wang Ying , Jiang Run , Zhang Guoping , Sun Rong , Wong Ching‐Ping 
Published: March 2019

AbstractWearable sensors with excellent flexibility and sensitivity have emerged as a promising field for healthcare, electronic skin, and so forth. Three‐dimensional (3D) graphene sponges (GS) have emerged as high‐performance piezoresistive sensors; however, problems, such as limited flexibility, high cost, and low sensitivity, remain. Meanwhile, device‐level wearable pressure sensors with GS have rarely been demonstrated. In this work, highly ordered 3D porous graphene sponges (OPGSs) were first successfully prepared and controlled through an emulsion method, and then a device‐level wearable pressure sensor with high flexibility and sensitivity was assembled with a gold electrode and polydimethylsiloxane into a reliable package. The pH values were carefully controlled to form a stable emulsion and the OPGSs showed a highly ordered 3D structure with ultralow density, high porosity, and conductivity; this resulted in a gauge factor of 0.79–1.46, with 50 % compression strain and excellent long‐term reproducibility over 500 cycles of compression–relaxation. Moreover, the well‐packaged pressure sensor devices exhibited ultrahigh sensitivity to detect human motions, such as wrist bending, elbow bending, finger bending, and palm flexing. Thus, the developed pressure sensors exhibited great potential in the fields of human‐interactive applications, biomechanical systems, electronic skin, and so forth.
Reductive Rearrangement of Tetraphenyldiphosphine Disulfide To Trigger the Bisthiophosphinylation of Alkenes and Alkynes
Authors: Sato Yuki , Nishimura Misaki , Kawaguchi Shin‐ichi , Nomoto Akihiro , Ogawa Akiya 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe facile synthesis of organophosphorus compounds is of great importance for the development of new synthetic methods by using air‐stable sources of phosphorus. In this respect, a synthetic method that is based on a reductive rearrangement and is capable of converting air‐stable pentavalent phosphorus compounds into reactive trivalent phosphorus compounds is a powerful tool. Tetraphenyldiphosphine disulfide, which is a shelf‐stable solid, was the focus of this study, and it was shown to undergo reductive rearrangement to trigger the bisthiophosphinylation of a variety of alkenes, such as terminal, cyclic, internal, and branched alkenes, 1,3‐dienes, and terminal alkynes when exposed to light without any catalyst, base, or additive.
Interaction of Polymethine Dyes with Detonation Nanodiamonds
Authors: Ishchenko Alexander A. , Mchedlov‐Petrossyan Nikolay O. , Kriklya Nika N. , Kryshtal Aleksandr P. , Ōsawa Eiji , Kulinich Andrii V. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractAmong cationic, anionic, and merocyanine polymethine dyes, the binding to detonation nanodiamond (DND) colloid particles in hydrosol occurs only for negatively charged dye species. This, in view of the positive ζ‐potential of the DND used in this study, suggests the predominance of electrostatic interactions over other intermolecular forces in such systems. Indeed, after decorating the merocyanine and the cationic dye by one and two negatively charged sulfopropyl groups, respectively, so that the net charge of their colored species becomes negative, the compounds also demonstrate affinity to the DND particles. In all cases, the binding of dyes to DND is accompanied by a decrease in fluorescence intensity and a bathochromic shift of their absorption and fluorescence bands. A quantitative study of the dyes adsorption on the DND nanoparticles as performed using the Küster‐Freundlich and Langmuir equations reveals some peculiarities of their attaching to the DND aggregates and allows estimating the specific area of the DND particles at a concentration of 0.0212 wt/vol %.
Cat‐Tail‐Like Mesostructured Silica Fibers Decorated with Gold Nanowires: Synthesis, Characterization, and Application as Stretchable Sensors
Authors: Zhang Zhijia , Yap Lim Wei , Dong Dashen , Shi Qianqian , Wang Yan , Cheng Wenlong , Han Xiaojun 
Published: March 2019

AbstractGold‐nanowires (AuNWs)‐coated mesostructured silica fibers that have the appearance of a cat's tail have been successfully designed and synthesized. The silica fibers had a Brunauer‐Emmett‐Teller (BET) surface area of 347 m2 g−1 and Barret‐Joyner‐Halenda (BJH) pore size of 3.8 nm. Negatively charged gold seeds could be anchored onto the surface of mesoporous silica fibers through electrostatic attraction. Further treatment with growth solution (including HAuCl4, 4‐mercaptobenzoic acid, and ascorbic acid) enabled successful growth of vertically aligned AuNWs with controllable lengths on the silica fiber surfaces. These coaxial mesostructured silica microfibers conjugated with AuNWs exhibit excellent stability and real‐time response with high durability (≥2500 cycles) as a sensitive flexible microelectronic material. The fabricated device is able to detect the human pulse (measured at the wrist), as well as small‐amplitude finger motion.
Cooperative Co0/CoII Sites Stabilized by a Perovskite Matrix Enable Selective C−O and C−C bond Hydrogenolysis of Oxygenated Arenes
Authors: Shetty Manish , Zanchet Daniela , Green William H. , Román‐Leshkov Yuriy 
Published: March 2019

AbstractStrontium‐substituted lanthanum cobaltite (La0.8Sr0.2CoO3) matrix‐stabilized Co0/CoII catalytic sites were prepared, which present tunable C−O and C−C hydrogenolysis activity for the vapor‐phase upgrading of oxygenated arenes. CoII sites associated with oxygen vacancies were favored at low temperatures and performed selective C−O hydrogenolysis, in which Sr‐substitution facilitated oxygen vacancy formation, leading to approximately 10 times higher reactivity compared to undoped LaCoO3. Co0 sites were favored at high temperatures and performed extensive C−C bond hydrogenolysis, generating a wide range of alkanes. The lower reaction order with P
(1.1±0.1) for C−C hydrogenolysis than for C−O hydrogenolysis (2.0±0.1) led to a high selectivity towards C−C hydrogenolysis at low P
. The Co3O4 surfaces featured a narrower temperature window for obtaining the respective optimal CoII and Co0 pairs compared to analogous perovskite surfaces; whereas, the perovskite matrix stabilizes these pairs for selective C−O and C−C hydrogenolysis. This stabilization effect offers an additional handle to control reactivity in oxide catalysts.
Congruence between arthropod and plant diversity in a biodiversity hotspot largely driven by underlying abiotic factors
Authors: van Schalkwyk J. , Pryke J. S. , Samways M. J. , Gaigher R. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractPlants often form the basis of conservation planning and management. The effectiveness of plant diversity as a surrogate for arthropod diversity was assessed in natural areas in the Kogelberg Biosphere Reserve, a floral endemism hotspot in the Cape Floristic Region (CFR), South Africa. Arthropods and plants were sampled across 30 topographically heterogeneous sites in a spatially nested design. The relationship between plants and arthropods were quantified in terms of species richness, assemblage variation, and assemblage turnover. The influence of arthropod trophic groups, habitat association, and spatial scale were also explored. Generalized dissimilarity modelling was used to investigate differential influence of explanatory groups (geology, disturbance, local site characteristics, refuge, mesoclimate, terrain) on arthropod and plant turnover. Congruence in assemblage variation was restricted to local scales, and only present between plants and those arthropods associated with the foliar component of the habitat. Weak congruence in species turnover was due to differences in the relative importance of explanatory groups, with different variables within each explanatory group being important, and similar variables predicting different turnover patterns. For both groups, variables related to geology and fire history were important for assemblage turnover. These variables are already incorporated in conservation planning and management for plant diversity across theCFR. Overall plant diversity was a weak surrogate for the arthropod groups included in this study, suggesting that as an alternative, environmental surrogates for arthropod diversity perform better.
Halide‐Substituted Phosphacyclohexadienyl Iron Complexes: Covalent Structures vs. Ion Pairs
Authors: Hoidn Christian M. , Leitl Julia , Ziegler Christoph G. P. , Shenderovich Ilya G. , Wolf Robert 
Published: March 2019

AbstractInvited for the cover of this issue is the group of Robert Wolf from the University of Regensburg, Germany. The cover image shows the structure of the first transition metal complexes bearing π‐coordinated λ3‐halophosphacyclohexadienyl ligands, featuring polarized P–halogen bonds.
Separations of antifungal compounds in capillary electrophoresis with two anionic cyclodextrins
Authors: Dascalu Anca‐Elena , Ghinet Alina , Billamboz Muriel , Lipka Emmanuelle 
Published: March 2019

AbstractCD‐CZE methods were developed for complete stereoisomeric separations of a series of six γ‐lactam analogues, of which some were neutral, or cationic depending on the background electrolyte nature. The tested cyclodextrin was the versatile sulfobutylether‐ β‐CD, used either in a phosphate buffer using capillaries dynamically coated with polyethylene oxide or in a borate buffer using uncoated capillaries. Long‐end and short‐end modes and concentration variations of chiral selectors allowed finding conditions of complete separation of four out of the six derivatives (i.e., 1, 2, 3, and 4) in short run times, confirming their broad range of applications. To separate the two last compounds, the highly sulfated‐ γ‐CD was examined as chiral selector in acidic phosphate conditions. The enantiomers of the γ‐lactam analogues 5 and 6 were baseline resolved with 5.5 and 4%, respectively as concentration in the buffer.
A study of the synergistic effects of Mn/steam on CO2 capture performance of CaO by experiment and DFT calculation
Authors: Zhang Wan , Ma Xiaotong , Li Yingjie , Zhao Jianli , Wang Zeyan 
Published: March 2019

AbstractNovel Mn‐doped CaO was prepared by the combustion method. The CO2 capture performance of Mn‐doped CaO, carbonated in the presence of steam and under severe calcination conditions (950°C and 70% CO2/30% N2) during calcium looping cycles, was investigated in a dual fixed‐bed reactor. The intercoupling effects of Mn and steam on CO2 capture by CaO were also studied. Doping of Mn in CaO by the combustion method greatly improved the CO2 capture capacity of CaO. The carbonation conversions of Mn‐doped CaO increased with increasing steam concentration from 0 to 15%. When the molar ratio of Mn/Ca was 0.75 : 100, Mn‐doped CaO achieved the highest CO2 capture capacity. Under severe calcination conditions, the carbonation conversion of Mn‐doped CaO, where the molar ratio of Mn to Ca = 0.75 : 100 in the presence of 15% steam, was about 0.4 after ten cycles (carbonation for 5 min at 650°C under 15% CO2/15% steam/N2), which was 4.38 times as high as that of the original CaO in the absence of steam. The cyclic CO2 capture capacities of CaO were improved by Mn and steam. Synergistic enhancement effects of Mn and steam on the CO2 capture capacities of CaO were also found. The effect of steam on the carbonation conversion of Mn‐doped CaO was stronger than that of the original CaO. Mn in the presence of steam showed a more positive effect on CO2 capture by CaO. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis showed that doping of Mn in CaO enhanced the transport of electrons in the carbonation of CaO, which helped to increase the carbonation rate. When steam was present in the carbonation, Mn‐doped CaO possessed a more porous structure and smaller CaO grains than the original CaO during the cycles. Simulation calculations using periodic density functional theory (DFT) showed that CO2 molecules were easier to absorb on CaO owing to the doping of Mn and the presence of steam. The synergistic enhancement effects of Mn and steam on CO2 captured the performance of CaO. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Extracting information from the limit order book: New measures to evaluate equity data flow
Authors: Ye Ziwen , Florescu Ionuţ 
Published: March 2019

AbstractIn this research, we develop a set of new measures to evaluate the data flow in the U.S. equity exchanges using Level I order book data. The quantities we develop and use to summarize trading activity are as follows: the activity‐weighted spread and the activity‐weighted return. We study the distribution of these two quantities and observe that there are significant changes in their behavior when equity markets are impacted by an external event. We focus the study on three exchanges: New York Stock Exchange (NYS), NASDAQ InterMarket (THM), and NYSE Arca (PSE) since they exhibit the largest impact to the proposed measures. We also study two different financial events which happened suddenly without any prior warning. These events are as follows: May 6, 2010, the “Flash Crash,” and April 23, 2013, the “Hoax tweet” event. Based on the results we obtain, the order flow dynamic is disturbed during these rare events. We quantify this change by measuring the number of detected “anomalies” for each exchange and equity studied. We believe the methodology we propose may be capable of detecting a potential unforecasted event as it is impacting the equity markets.
Comovements and asymmetric tail dependence in state housing prices in the USA: A nonparametric approach
Authors: Huang Haitao , Peng Liang , Yao Vincent W. 
Published: March 2019

SummaryWe reexamine the methods used in estimating comovements among US regional home prices and find that there are insufficient moments to ensure a normal limit necessary for employing the quasi‐maximum likelihood estimator. Hence we propose applying the self‐weighted quasi‐maximum exponential likelihood estimator and a bootstrap method to test and account for the asymmetry of comovements as well as different magnitudes across state pairs. Our results reveal interstate asymmetric tail dependence based on observed house price indices rather than residuals from fitting autoregressive–generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity (AR‐GARCH) models.
Anticancer activities of chalcone flavokawain B from Alpinia pricei Hayata in human lung adenocarcinoma (A549) cells via induction of reactive oxygen species‐mediated apoptotic and autophagic cell death
Authors: Hseu You‐Cheng , Huang Yu‐Chi , Thiyagarajan Varadharajan , Mathew Dony Chacko , Lin Kai‐Yuan , Chen Ssu‐Ching , Liu Jer‐Yuh , Hsu Li‐Sung , Li Mei‐Ling , Yang Hsin‐Ling 
Published: March 2019

AbstractChalcones found in fruits and vegetables have promising cancer chemopreventive properties. This study attempts to identify the anticancer efficacies of chalcone flavokawain B (FKB) in the rhizomes of Alpinia pricei Hayata by examining key molecular events in non‐small‐cell lung cancer (A549) cells. Our results indicated that in human A549 cells, FKB (0–15 μg/ml) decreases cell viability and colony formation, dysregulates the Bax:B‐cell lymphoma 2 ratio and increases apoptotic DNA fragmentation. Mitochondrial (caspase‐9/‐3 and poly ADP ribose polymerase [PARP]) signaling was found to be involved in FKB‐induced apoptosis. In addition, FKB‐induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and N‐acetylcysteine attenuated FKB‐induced apoptotic cell death. Moreover, FKB triggered autophagy, as evidenced by the improved acidic vesicular organelle formation, lipidated light chain 3 (microtubule‐related light chain 3) accumulation, and ATG7 expression and the decreased mammalian target of rapamycin phosphorylation. Furthermore, FKB suppressed ROS‐mediated ATG4B expression. Inhibiting autophagy using 3‐methyladenine/chloroquine diminished FKB‐induced cell death, indicating that autophagy is triggered as a death mechanism by FKB. In summary, FKB has a crucial role in the execution and propagation of ROS‐mediated apoptotic and autophagic cell death of lung adenocarcinoma cells.
A Call for Universal Acceptance of the Milan System for Reporting Salivary Gland Cytopathology
Authors: Barbarite Eric , Puram Sidharth V. , Derakhshan Adeeb , Rossi Esther D. , Faquin William C. , Varvares Mark A. 
Published: March 2019

ObjectivesThe Milan System for Reporting Salivary Gland Cytopathology (MSRSGC) established a standardized, tiered reporting system for salivary gland fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) that has gained international acceptance among cytologists. Our goal was to review the key features of the MSRSGC to familiarize the surgical community with this system and its application to the FNA evaluation of salivary gland masses.MethodsA comprehensive review of the MSRSGC and its application in clinical practice.ResultsThe MSRSGC consists of six major diagnostic categories: 1) nondiagnostic, 2) non‐neoplastic, 3) atypia of undetermined significance, 4) neoplasm (benign or salivary gland neoplasm of uncertain malignant potential), 5) suspicious for malignancy, and 6) malignant. Each diagnostic category is associated with an implied risk of malignancy with implications for clinical management.ConclusionsThe MSRSGC is similar to the system used for reporting thyroid FNA, which is familiar to most otolaryngologists and head and neck surgeons. As this reporting system continues to gain popularity among pathologists, widespread understanding by surgeons will be important to standardize communication and classification of salivary gland cytopathology to improve clinical care. Laryngoscope, 130:80–85, 2020