bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Curcumin gum formulation for prevention of oral cavity head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Boven Lindsay , Holmes Sean P. , Latimer Brian , McMartin Kenneth , Ma Xiaohui , Moore‐Medlin Tara , Khandelwal Alok R. , McLarty Jerry , Nathan Cherie‐Ann O. 
Published: November 2018

Objectives/HypothesisHead and neck squamous cell carcinoma represents the sixth most common cancer. As a result of field cancerization, second primaries and recurrences are high. Hence, research has focused on chemoprevention. Curcumin, a polyphenol compound with anticarcinogenic properties, is one such promising nutraceutical. As poor bioavailability limits curcumin's use, a novel gum formulation was tested allowing for direct mucosal absorption into the bloodstream. This preliminary study validates curcumin gum efficacy by assessing release and transmucosal absorption, along with measuring its effects on serum cytokine levels.Study DesignClinical trial.MethodsProtocols consisting of initial chew (chewing gum for 30 minutes) and revised chew (alternating chewing and parking gum against buccal mucosa for 30 minutes) were tested in healthy volunteers. High‐performance liquid chromatography measured remnant curcumin in chewed gum, serum, and saliva. Serum levels were assayed for 15 proinflammatory cytokines via multiplex analysis.ResultsRevised chew samples demonstrated significantly higher curcumin release and absorption (P = .0078). Curcumin serum levels were significantly higher at 4 hours in samples > 2.0 g of curcumin release (P = .01). As saliva levels decreased, a concurrent increase in serum levels was observed, with no significance in the inverse relationship (P = .1423). When evaluating differences between gender, race, and age, the Asian population showed significantly lower curcumin release and serum levels (P = .009). CXCL1 (GRO‐α) and TNF‐α were significantly decreased in serum after chewing the gum (P = .036, P < .001, respectively).ConclusionsEnhanced mucosal contact appears critical in improving curcumin release and absorption. CXCL1 and TNF‐α both represent potential biomarkers for the future study of curcumin chemoprevention.Level of Evidence2bLaryngoscope, 129:1597–1603, 2019
Identification of a new Cordyceps javanica fungus isolate and its toxicity evaluation against Asian citrus psyllid
Authors: Ou Da , Zhang Li‐He , Guo Chang‐Fei , Chen Xiao‐Sheng , Ali Shaukat , Qiu Bao‐Li 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri Kuwayama, is the most serious pest of citrus worldwide. It acts as a vector for a group of phloem‐limited bacteria (Candidatus Liberibacter spp.) that causes Huanglongbing (HLB) disease. Thus, D. citri management is an important strategy against HLB, and biological control is currently considered as the most effective method because of the unsustainable and negative side effects of chemical control. Here, we isolated a new strain of entomopathogenic fungus, Cordyceps javanica (GZQ‐1), from one cadaver of D. citri adult based on its morphological and phylogenetic data. Five conidial concentrations of the C. javanica pathogen (1 × 103, 1 × 104, 1 × 105, 1 × 106, and 1 × 107 conidia/ml) were assessed against six life stages of D. citri (1st‐5th instar nymphs and adults). Results showed that C. javanica GZQ‐1 was highly pathogenic to D. citri nymphs (69.49%–90.87% mortality) and adults (69.98% mortality). The LC50 and LT50 values of C. javanica against 1st‐2nd instar (younger), 3rd‐4th instar (middle aged), 5th instar (older), and adults were 1.20 × 105, 1.10 × 106, 4.47 × 106, 8.12 × 106 conidia/ml and 4.25, 4.51, 5.17, 5.49 days, respectively. Moreover, glasshouse experiments indicated that this C. javanica GZQ‐1 caused higher infection rates of D. citri adults compared to two other fungal strains we previously isolated in the laboratory, Cordyceps fumosorosea (IF010) and Metarhizium anisopliae (CNGD7).
Parkinsonism due to A53E α‐synuclein gene mutation: Clinical, genetic, epigenetic, and biochemical features
Authors: Picillo Marina , Lizarraga Karlo J. , Friesen Erik L. , Chau Hien , Zhang Ming , Sato Christine , Rooke Grace , Munhoz Renato P. , Rogaeva Ekaterina , Fraser Paul E. , Kalia Suneil K. , Kalia Lorraine V. 
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACTBackgroundSNCA mutations cause autosomal dominant parkinsonism and inform our understanding of the molecular underpinnings of synucleinopathies. The most recently identified mutation, p.Ala53Glu (A53E), has only been observed in Finland. The objectives of this study were to examine clinical, genetic, epigenetic, and biochemical features of the first family outside Finland with A53E.MethodsWe examined a Canadian family with parkinsonism because of A53E using haplotype and DNA methylation analyses. We assessed aggregation properties of A53E α‐synuclein in vitro.ResultsFamily members with parkinsonism shared a common haplotype distinct from Finnish patients with A53E. Increased acceleration of DNA methylation age was accompanied by earlier age at onset in the family members. We demonstrate that A53E α‐synuclein has a propensity to form oligomers and phosphorylation promotes fibrillation.ConclusionsA53E as a cause of parkinsonism is not restricted to Finnish individuals. DNA methylation may contribute to disease age at onset. A53E enriches α‐synuclein oligomers and fibrils dependent on the phosphorylation state. © 2018 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Therapeutic strategies involving survivin inhibition in cancer
Authors: Martínez‐García David , Manero‐Rupérez Noemí , Quesada Roberto , Korrodi‐Gregório Luís , Soto‐Cerrato Vanessa 
Published: November 2018

AbstractSurvivin is a small protein that belongs to the inhibitor of apoptosis protein family. It is abundantly expressed in tumors compared with adult differentiated tissues, being associated with poor prognosis in many human neoplasms. This apoptotic inhibitor has a relevant role in both the promotion of cancer cell survival and in the inhibition of cell death. Consequently, aberrant survivin expression stimulates tumor progression and confers resistance to several therapeutic strategies in a variety of tumors. In fact, efficient survivin downregulation or inhibition results in spontaneous apoptosis or sensitization to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Therefore, all these features make survivin an attractive therapeutic target to treat cancer. Currently, there are several survivin inhibitors under clinical evaluation, although more specific and efficient survivin inhibitors are being developed. Moreover, novel combination regimens targeting survivin together with other therapeutic approaches are currently being designed and assessed. In this review, recent progress in the therapeutic options targeting survivin for cancer treatment is analyzed. Direct survivin inhibitors and their current development status are explored. Besides, the major signaling pathways implicated in survivin regulation are described and different therapeutic approaches involving survivin indirect inhibition are evaluated. Finally, promising novel inhibitors under preclinical or clinical evaluation as well as challenges of developing survivin inhibitors as a new therapy for cancer treatment are discussed.
Correcting image blur in spiral, retraced in/out (RIO) acquisitions using a maximized energy objective
Authors: Allen Steven P. , Feng Xue , Fielden Samuel W. , Meyer Craig H. 
Published: November 2018

PurposeImages acquired with spiral k‐space trajectories can suffer from off‐resonance image blur. Previous work showed that averaging 2 images acquired with a retraced, in/out (RIO) trajectory self‐corrects image blur so long as off‐resonant spins accrue less than 1 half‐cycle of relative phase over the readout. Practical scenarios frequently exceed this threshold. Here, we derive and characterize a more‐robust off‐resonance image blur correction method for RIO acquisitions.MethodsPhantom and human volunteer data were acquired using a RIO trajectory with readout durations ranging from 4 to 60 ms. The resulting images were deblurred using 3 candidate methods: conventional linear correction of the component images; semiautomatic deblurring of the component images using an established minimized phase objective function; and semiautomatic deblurring of the average of the component images using a maximized energy objective function, derived below. Deblurring errors were estimated relative to images acquired with 4 ms readouts.ResultsAll 3 methods converged to similar solutions in cases where less than 2 and 4 cycles of phase accrued over the readout in in vivo and phantom images, respectively (<13 ms readout at 3T). Above this threshold, the linear and minimized phase methods introduced several errors. The maximized energy function provided accurate deblurring so long as less than 6 and 10 cycles of phase accrued over the readout in in vivo and phantom images, respectively (<34 ms readout at 3T).ConclusionThe maximized energy objective function can accurately deblur RIO acquisitions over a wide spectrum of off resonance frequencies.
Cartesian MR fingerprinting in the eye at 7T using compressed sensing and matrix completion‐based reconstructions
Authors: Koolstra Kirsten , Beenakker Jan‐Willem Maria , Koken Peter , Webb Andrew , Börnert Peter 
Published: November 2018

PurposeTo explore the feasibility of MR Fingerprinting (MRF) to rapidly quantify relaxation times in the human eye at 7T, and to provide a data acquisition and processing framework for future tissue characterization in eye tumor patients.MethodsIn this single‐element receive coil MRF approach with Cartesian sampling, undersampling is used to shorten scan time and, therefore, to reduce the degree of motion artifacts. For reconstruction, approaches based on compressed sensing (CS) and matrix completion (MC) were used, while their effects on the quality of the MRF parameter maps were studied in simulations and experiments. Average relaxation times in the eye were measured in 6 healthy volunteers. One uveal melanoma patient was included to show the feasibility of MRF in a clinical context.ResultsSimulation results showed that an MC‐based reconstruction enables large undersampling factors and also results in more accurate parameter maps compared with using CS. Experiments in 6 healthy volunteers used a reduction in scan time from 7:02 to 1:16 min, producing images without visible loss of detail in the parameter maps when using the MC‐based reconstruction. Relaxation times from 6 healthy volunteers are in agreement with values obtained from fully sampled scans and values in literature, and parameter maps in a uveal melanoma patient show clear difference in relaxation times between tumor and healthy tissue.ConclusionCartesian‐based MRF is feasible in the eye at 7T. High undersampling factors can be achieved by means of MC, significantly shortening scan time and increasing patient comfort, while also mitigating the risk of motion artifacts.
Analysis of Nutrition Support in Very Low‐Birth‐Weight Infants With Extrauterine Growth Restriction
Authors: Hu Fangwen , Tang Qingya , Wang Ying , Wu Jiang , Ruan Huijuan , Lu Lina , Tao Yijing , Cai Wei 
Published: November 2018

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the incidence of extrauterine growth restriction (EUGR) in very low‐birth‐weight infants (VLBWIs) and evaluate the nutrition factors in VLBWIs associated with inadequate nutrient intakes during hospitalization.MethodsA total of 128 VLBWIs were divided into an EUGR group (n = 87) and a non‐EUGR group (n = 41). Growth and parenteral nutrition (PN) and enteral nutrition (EN) practices were analyzed. Actual energy and protein intakes were subtracted from recommended energy (120 kcal/kg/d) and protein (3.75 g/kg/d) intakes, and nutrition deficits were calculated.ResultsGrowth restriction was 21.9% at birth and 68.0% at discharge. Compared with established guidelines, PN was started late, and the maximum amino acid intake was low in both groups. EN interruption rate was higher in the EUGR group. The average energy intake in the first day after PN termination was lower in the EUGR group. There were significant differences in actual energy and protein intakes in the 2 groups for several weeks during hospitalization. The cumulative energy and protein deficits were significantly higher in the first 8 weeks and during the third to seventh weeks in the EUGR group, respectively. Step regression analysis showed that there was a significant negative correlation between the cumulative deficit of energy and changes of weight z‐scores (r = −0.001, P < .05): as the energy deficit loss increased by 100 kcal, the weight z‐scores dropped by 0.1 SD.ConclusionInadequate nutrition intake aggravated the occurrence of EUGR in VLBWIs, especially the energy intake.
Prospective Evaluation of Internalized Weight Bias and Weight Change Among Successful Weight‐Loss Maintainers
Authors: Olson KayLoni L. , Lillis Jason , Graham Thomas J. , Wing Rena R. 
Published: November 2018

ObjectiveInternalized weight bias (IWB) has been associated with weight regain after intentional weight loss, but reliance on cross‐sectional data limits the understanding of this relationship. This study prospectively evaluated IWB as a predictor of weight change in a longitudinal observational study of successful weight‐loss maintainers.MethodsNational Weight Control Registry participants (maintained 13.6‐kg weight loss for ≥ 1 y) were asked to complete an online questionnaire including current weight and Weight Bias Internalization Scale‐Modified (WBIS‐M) at baseline and 12 months.ResultsAt baseline, 1,250 of 1,643 eligible individuals completed the baseline assessment (71% female; 94% white; mean age ± SD: 52 y ± 13.1; BMI: 27 ± 5.5). The average WBIS‐M score was 3.0 (± 1.3). Study completers (n = 862) reported 2.2% (± 7.8%) weight gain. Higher baseline IWB predicted weight gain among men (n = 254; t = −2.28; P = 0.02) but not women (n = 608; t = 1.22; P = 0.22). A one‐point reduction in WBIS‐M score at follow‐up was associated with a 3.0% weight loss.ConclusionsAmong weight‐loss maintainers, IWB may be a risk factor for weight gain among men. Weight loss at follow‐up was associated with reduced IWB in both men and women. Reliance on female‐only samples may limit our understanding of IWB and its implications for weight control.
Increases in controlled‐release oxycodone utilisation following the subsidy of oxycodone with naloxone formulations: An Australian population‐based study
Authors: Schaffer Andrea L. , Karanges Emily A. , Buckley Nicholas A. , Wilson Andrew , Degenhardt Louisa , Larance Briony , Pearson Sallie‐Anne 
Published: November 2018

AbstractPurposeDespite increasing use of oxycodone/naloxone controlled‐release (CR) in Australia, little is known about how it has affected the overall oxycodone CR market since its subsidy in 2011.MethodsWe used Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme dispensing claims (2006‐2016) and interrupted time series analysis to examine changes in the quarterly rates of dispensing of oral oxycodone CR formulations (oxycodone/naloxone CR and single‐ingredient oxycodone CR) and new oxycodone CR treatment episodes. We also performed a retrospective cohort study in a sample of people initiating a new oxycodone CR treatment episode in 2009, 2012/2013, and 2016 to compare opioid utilisation patterns over time.ResultsThe subsidy of oxycodone/naloxone CR was associated with a 1.6‐fold increase in the growth rate of oxycodone CR dispensing, resulting from rapid uptake of low strength (≤5 mg) oxycodone/naloxone CR. In our cohort of initiators, the number of new oxycodone CR treatment episodes increased 2.1‐fold between 2009 and 2016; in 2016, 91.4% of new treatment episodes involved oxycodone/naloxone CR. Comparing 2016 with 2009, we observed an increase in people initiating with a tablet strength less than or equal to 5‐mg (risk difference [RD] = 21.1%, 95% CI, 19.9%‐22.4%) in people initiating with no other opioid dispensing 90 days prior to initiation (RD = 5.2%, 3.8%‐6.6%) and with no further opioid dispensing 90 days after initiation (RD = 8.8%, 7.4%‐10.2%).ConclusionsAfter its subsidy, the uptake of low‐dose oxycodone/naloxone CR was greater than expected if it were substituting the single‐ingredient oxycodone CR, resulting in an expansion of the oxycodone CR market.
Relationship status and quality of the partner relationship in parents of long‐term childhood cancer survivors: The Swiss Childhood Cancer Survivor Study‐Parents
Authors: Mader Luzius , Roser Katharina , Baenziger Julia , Vetsch Janine , Winther Jeanette Falck , Scheinemann Katrin , Michel Gisela 
Published: November 2018

AbstractObjectiveThe intensive and long‐lasting experience of childhood cancer is a tremendous stressor for the parental relationship. We aimed to (1) compare civil status and partner relationship of parents of long‐term childhood cancer survivors with population‐based comparisons, (2) identify cancer‐related characteristics associated with not being married, and (3) evaluate the quality of the partner relationship.MethodsWe sent questionnaires to parents of survivors aged ≤16 years at diagnosis and ≥20 years at study. Population‐based comparisons were derived from a random sample of the general population (≥1 child aged ≥20 years) and standardized by sociodemographic characteristics of survivor parents. We used logistic regression to identify cancer‐related characteristics associated with not being married. The quality of the partner relationship was evaluated using the relationship‐specific attachment scale for adults assessing the dimensions security (secure‐fearful) and dependency (dependent‐independent).ResultsA total of 784 parents (58.9% mothers) of 512 survivors (response rate: 44.0%) and 471 comparison parents completed the questionnaire. Parents of survivors were less often divorced/separated (9.0% vs 17.5%, P < 0.001) and more often in a partner relationship (89.9% vs 85.0%, P = 0.010) than comparisons. Not being married was not associated with cancer‐related characteristics. Parents of survivors reported similar security (P = 0.444) but higher dependency (P = 0.032) within the partner relationship than comparisons. In both populations, fathers indicated higher security and dependency than mothers.ConclusionsLong after the diagnosis of cancer in their child, parents' relationship appears similar as in parents of the general population. The increased dependency reported by parents of survivors suggests that they managed their child's disease as a team.
Matrix‐assisted ionization Fourier transform mass spectrometry for the analysis of lipids
Authors: Liyanage Rohana , Gidden Jennifer , Wilkins Charles L. , Lay Jackson O. 
Published: November 2018

RationaleAssessing the utility of vacuum matrix‐assisted ionization (MAI) for the direct and rapid analysis of lipids in complex samples with emphasis on bacterial taxonomy.MethodsMatrix‐assisted ionization Fourier transform mass spectrometry (MAI‐FTMS) was used to characterize polar and non‐polar lipids in mixtures.ResultsFor non‐polar lipid triacylglycerols (TAGs), MAI‐FTMS produced lipid‐specific ions for eight different edible oils and allowed these oils to be identified based on their MAI‐FTMS profiles. For polar lipids from bacteria, MAI‐FTMS of crude lipid extracts allowed taxonomic identification of eight blind‐coded samples based on taxonomy‐specific phospholipid profiles. MAI produced results comparable and complementary to benchmark MALDI and ESI methods currently used for characterization of polar and non‐polar lipids in the same mixtures.ConclusionsThe newly developed MAI technique is a rapid, simple and complementary method for the characterization of polar and non‐polar lipids in complex mixtures.
Nitinol Modified by In Situ Generated Diazonium Salts as Adhesion Promoters for Photopolymerized Pyrrole
Authors: Jacques Amory , Saad Ali , Chehimi Mohamed M. , Poleunis Claude , Delcorte Arnaud , Delhalle Joseph , Mekhalif Zineb 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThere is a growing demand for biomaterials, however their interaction with living tissues requires their modification by protective and biocompatible coatings. In this context, the present work investigates the electrografting of in situ generated aminophenyl diazonium (PD‐NH2) on Nitinol (NiTi). The PD‐NH2 grafting protects the TiO2 surface layer of NiTi and enhances the blocking properties towards Ru(NH3)6Cl3 used as redox probe. Hypotheses on the interfacial bond between NiTi and the grafted PD‐NH2 layer are proposed. Post‐modification is performed by photopolymerization of pyrrole using electrografted PD‐NH2 and PD−Py (4‐pyrrolyphenyldiazonium) as adhesion promoters. These NiTi surface treatments lead to the formation of well adherent silver‐polypyrrole (PPy−Ag) nanocomposite films.
Organometallic Adsorbent for Mitigating Fluoride from Water: An Environment‐Friendly Approach
Authors: Khan Huma , Gupta Anil R. , Sharma Saroj 
Published: November 2018

AbstractFluoride‐related health hazards are a serious environmental problem across the globe. Unavailability of an effective therapeutic agent to cure fluorosis creates an exigency to adopt preventive measures to curb excess fluoride intake. Herein, we report a zirconium‐based organometallic adsorbent (ZrVAc) for mitigating fluoride from water. The crosslinked, three dimensional and porous architecture of ZrVAc, composed of zirconyl methacrylate (ZrDMA) and vinyl acetate (VAc) have high porosity and excellent mechanical stability. The experimental factors such as effects of solution pH, coexisting anions, temperature, pHpzc, isotherm models and surface chemistry were investigated to verify the adsorption properties of ZrVAc. The equilibrium data were fitted well with Freundlich and Langmuir adsorption isotherms. The highest fluoride adsorption capacity (qm) was found to be 138 mg/g (at pH 7.0±0.2, initial F− concentration 100 mg/L, adsorbent dose 0.5 g/L for 6 h). The thermodynamic constants ΔG, ΔH, and ΔS were calculated as 45.158 KJ mol−1 (at 303 K), −37.64 KJ mol−1, and −0.161 KJ mol−1. ZrVAc showed efficient adsorption in pH range of pH 6.0‐8.0 which is preferable for field water application. Toxicity characteristics leaching procedure (TCLP) results suggested the ZrVAc was inert; does not leach out any contaminants (Zr, F−) and delivers safe and potable treated water.
Carbon Dioxide Precipitation Method to Prepare Zinc Oxide
Authors: He Qiu , Wang Qian , Tantai Aying , Hao Qing , Deng Yuchen , Hou Yunchan 
Published: November 2018

AbstractCarbon dioxide (CO2) was firstly used to precipitate Zn ions with urea to prepare zinc oxide (ZnO). The advantages of this method were small particle size, high yield and low sensitivity to conditions, such as temperature and time, and the decrease of solvent consumption. Further, the influence of carbon dioxide pressure, reaction time and temperature were studied and optimized.
Annealing Induced Oxygen Defects on Green Sonochemically Synthesized ZnO Nanoparticles for Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting
Authors: Kumar Vinod , Gohain Mukut , Kant Rich , Ntwaeaborwa O. M. , Hari Parameswar , Swart H. C. , Dutta Viresh 
Published: November 2018

AbstractZinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles were prepared by a green process using a simple sonochemical method. The prepared nanoparticles were annealed at different annealing temperatures in order to determine the role of the annealing temperature on the structural, morphological and optical properties of the prepared material. The defects related photoluminescence properties of the ZnO nanoparticles are discussed in detail. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy provided the information regarding the presence of the defects in the material. ZnO emission related to defect emission was observed to increase with annealing temperature upto 600°C and then decreased. These defects played a crucial role in the performance of the photo‐electrochemical (PEC) activity. The PEC performance has increased with an increase in the amount of oxygen related defects present in the material due to annealing.