bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Structural dynamics and electrical conductivity in ethylene glycol/ hydroxyl ammonium chloride as binary deep eutectic mixtures
Authors: Mohamed F , Yahia A S , Mahani R M , Turky G M 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Deep eutectic mixtures (DEMs) are novel materials with amazing properties. Therefore, in this study, ethylene glycol/hydroxyl ammonium chloride, i.e., EG/HACL binary mixtures were prepared with different concentrations (0 wt%, 1.5 wt%, 4 wt%, 6 wt%) starting from neat EG and gradually increasing HACl. Then, their dielectric properties were studied using two dielectric spectrometers with two different frequency ranges (10−1 Hz–107 Hz & 106–3 × 109 Hz) and over a wide temperature range (193–323 K) to investigate the possible dynamic relaxation processes and the electrical properties of the prepared mixtures. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was also used to investigate the molecular structure. In addition, it displayed peak-broadening and shifts upon mixing, indicating the formation of hydrogen bonding. Interestingly, as the concentration of HACL increases, the conductivity of binary mixtures increases by about 3 orders of magnitude, particularly for the mixture of 6 wt% HACL due to the increasing number of ions added to the mixture and the increasing mobility. The good electrical properties of this binary mixture make it suitable for energy storage technology.
Spectral properties of 4-methylumbelliferone in PVA films; long-lived room temperature phosphorescence
Authors: Lee Bong , Alexander Emma , Pham Danh , Gagoś Mariusz , Matwijczuk Arkadiusz , Gryczynski Zygmunt , Gryczynski Ignacy 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
We studied absorption and fluorescence as well as room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) of 4-methylumbelliferone (4MU) in poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) films. We focused our study on the long-wavelength basic form of 4MU with absorption centered at 375 nm. The strong fluorescence with a quantum yield of above 70% appears at ∼430 nm. The fluorescence anisotropy of 4MU-doped PVA film is high, reaching a value of about 0.3. The emission with gated detection shows a broad phosphorescence spectrum with a peak at ∼510 nm and a residual delayed fluorescence at 430 nm. The excitation spectra for fluorescence and phosphorescence roughly follows 4MU absorption. The phosphorescence lifetime of 4MU is remarkably long, almost 3 s. 4MU excitation and emission phosphorescence anisotropies are low, very close to zero.
Accessing electronic properties of two-dimensional materials with gate-dependent micro four-point probe
Authors: Introna Marco , Bogdanowicz Janusz , Silva Henry Medina , Banerjee Sreetama , Kalhauge Kristoffer G , Wouters Lennaert , Shi Yuanyuan , Kim Ju-Seok , Lin Dennis , Asselberghs Inge , Adelmann Christoph , Afanas’Ev Valeri V , Zandvliet Harold J W , Celano Umberto 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The attractive properties of 2D materials and transition metal dichalcogenides hold great potential for their use in future, ultra-scaled electronic applications. Although growth processes are increasingly trending towards highly scalable, industry compatible procedures, a fast, reliable, and efficient characterization method for pristine samples is still missing. In this study, we propose the use of back-gated micro four-point probe (M4PP) as a qualitative characterization technique for the early screening of pristine samples. We develop a custom procedure to probe MoS2 samples with different numbers of layers and grain orientations, showing the effects of probe landing and giving an interpretation of the electrical contact between the probe pins and the material. Using the M4PP data we employ a simple and effective parallel capacitor model to extract the charge carriers’ concentration (n
c) and the field-effect mobility (μ
FE). The model is then tested by comparing it with data obtained from back-gated field-effect transistors manufactured on the same material. The comparison provides a striking qualitative similarity, proving the usefulness of back-gated M4PP as characterization method for MoS2 samples.
Exploring self-polymerization technique for fabrication of high viscosity polydimethylsiloxane from dichlorodimethylsilane without using catalyst
Authors: Auliya Diba Grace , Fitrilawati Fitrilawati , Syakir Norman , Risdiana Risdiana 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Self-polymerization offers an easy and simple technique to produce polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) from dichlorodimethylsilane (DCDMS). This method is a condensation stage that does not require additional treatments and materials. Here, we report the self-polymerization technique for the synthesis of high-viscosity PDMS without using a catalyst. Synthesis was carried out using dichloromethane (DCM) solvent with the volume ratio to DCDMS was 1:1. The polymerization process lasted for 63 days. PDMS with a viscosity of 5.13 Pa s which meets the category of high-viscosity of vitreous substitution obtained. The sample was clear and had a refractive index of 1.4028, slightly lower than commercial PDMS. The surface tension of the sample was 21 milliN/m. The sample has the advantage of higher surface tension compared to the commercial PDMS. It will have the effect of reducing the emulsification tendency. The viscosity, refractive index, and surface tension of the sample meet the requirements for the application of a vitreous humour substitute. This research reduced the number of catalyst and solvent used in the hydrolysis and accelerated the polymerization process.
Dephasing-tolerant quantum sensing for transverse magnetic fields with spin qudits
Authors: Mezzadri Matteo , Lepori Luca , Chiesa Alessandro , Carretta Stefano 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
We propose a dephasing-tolerant protocol for quantum sensing of transverse magnetic fields which exploits spin qudit sensors with embedded fault-tolerant (FT) quantum error correction. By exploiting longitudinal drives, the transverse field induces logical Rabi oscillations between encoded states, whose frequency is linear in the transverse field to be probed. Numerical simulations show that the present FT protocol enables the detection of very small fields, orders of magnitudes below the limit imposed by the coherence time.
Framing industrial decarbonization technologies in the public sphere: narratives from the digital ‘town square’ in the United Kingdom
Authors: Herman Kyle S , Chen Chien-Fei , Sovacool Benjamin K 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Recent research underscores the importance of ensuring that net-zero pathways are perceived as legitimate and socially acceptable, as public attitudes can trigger significant backlash. This article investigates the narratives surrounding industrial decarbonization in the UK within Twitter’s ‘digital town square.’ Intermediary agents play a crucial role in shaping this discourse by fostering debate, offering specialized expertise, and promoting specific technological narratives. Our contribution is twofold: first, we systematically analyze tweets from intermediary agents to identify key technological and economic narratives; second, we employ natural language processing to demonstrate a striking consistency between these narratives and the perspectives of incumbent industries and central government. This alignment suggests that the technological selection of certain decarbonization strategies by both industry and government may undermine the social acceptability of industrial decarbonization technologies and associated infrastructure.
Piezo-actuated smart mechatronic systems for extreme scenarios
Authors: Yuan Zhongxiang , Zhou Shuliu , Hong Cailin , Xiao Ziyu , Zhang Zhengguang , Chen Xuedong , Zeng Lizhan , Wu Jiulin , Wang Yunlong , Li Xiaoqing 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Precision actuation is a foundational technology in high-end equipment domains, where stroke, velocity, and accuracy are critical for processing and/or detection quality, precision in spacecraft flight trajectories, and accuracy in weapon system strikes. Piezoelectric actuators (PEAs), known for their nanometer-level precision, flexible stroke, resistance to electromagnetic interference, and scalable structure, have been widely adopted across various fields. Therefore, this study focuses on extreme scenarios involving ultra-high precision (micrometer and beyond), minuscule scales, and highly complex operational conditions. It provides a comprehensive overview of the types, working principles, advantages, and disadvantages of PEAs, along with their potential applications in piezo-actuated smart mechatronic systems (PSMSs). To address the demands of extreme scenarios in high-end equipment fields, we have identified five representative application areas: positioning and alignment, biomedical device configuration, advanced manufacturing and processing, vibration mitigation, micro robot system. Each area is further divided into specific subcategories, where we explore the underlying relationships, mechanisms, representative schemes, and characteristics. Finally, we discuss the challenges and future development trends related to PEAs and PSMSs. This work aims to showcase the latest advancements in the application of PEAs and provide valuable guidance for researchers in this field.
Towards sustainable machining: an experimental study of eco-friendly MQL and its impact on machinability and future opportunities
Authors: Rajasozhaperumal G , C Kannan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Enforcement of stricter environmental policies calls for alternative methods that could reduce the usage of cutting fluid during machining. Thus, dry machining and minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) machining are gaining practical importance. From this perspective, the development of new biodegradable MQL fluids and their performance assessment during machining is acquiring global attention. In this work, Jatropha crude oil (JCO) is chemically transformed into an epoxidized product and used as a MQL fluid. The turning experiments are conducted on Nimonic 80A under varying cutting speeds, and feed rates with constant depth of cut to examine the effects on machinability characteristics. The experiments are conducted under three different environments viz. dry, conventional minimum quantity lubrication (CMQL) and epoxidized minimum quantity lubrication (EMQL). The cutting force, tool flank wear, surface roughness and chip morphology are used as performance indicators. Regarding environmental concerns, the EMQL proved to be a viable substitute for CMQL as it demonstrated the lowest cutting force, tool wear and surface roughness. EMQL can reduce tool wear and surface roughness to the extent of about 54% and 22% as compared to the dry machining environment. The cutting force is reduced by about 13% and 34% by adopting CMQL and EMQL respectively even under the high feed (f = 0.45 mm min−1) condition. The sustainability assessment model developed using the Pugh matrix environmental approach disclosed EMQL system helps in attaining the desired machinability qualities while offering environmental friendliness and cleaner production.
A transfer learning-based GAN for data augmentation in automatic modulation recognition
Authors: Gao Hai , Ke Jing , Lu Xiaochun , Cheng Fang , Chen Xiaofei 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The automatic modulation recognition (AMR) algorithms based on deep learning (DL) have achieved high classification accuracy by automatically extracting deep features from massive data. However, in real-world scenarios, sufficient training data is always difficult to collect, which affects the performance of DL-based models. As a type of data augmentation algorithm, Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) can generate artificial data similar to the given real data and thus solve the problem of insufficient data, whereas the training process of GANs is also affected by limited number of data samples. Inspired by the successful application of transferring GANs in the field of image generation, this paper employs transfer learning-based GANs to enlarge the training data by generating the constellation diagram images of radio signals, which can effectively solve the problems of divergence and model collapse. We feed the enhanced dataset into a CNN model for modulation recognition and the experimental results demonstrate that our proposed method achieves a performance improvement ranging from 1% to 5.1% compared with the result of the original limited training data.
Next-Gen fortified health monitoring for cyber physical systems in internet of things using logistic maps based encryption
Authors: Sarkar Ankita , Jhamb Mansi 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In an era of burgeoning digital healthcare, ensuring the confidentiality and integrity of patient data is paramount. The adoption of health monitoring systems, leveraging Internet of Things (IoT) devices in CPS, presents challenges in safeguarding sensitive medical information. This work presents a unique way to encrypt data using chaotic mapping and ASCON algorithm which is a lightweight approach. The given method provides a P-value of 0.6066 for monobit test and an average entropy of 0.994 which ensures data integrity, high randomization and an average execution time of 0.502 microsec, this solution guarantees both unpredictability and security for patient data, making it a viable option for modern healthcare systems.
Implicit quantile networks for emulation in jet physics
Authors: Kronheim Braden , Al Kadhim Ali , Kuchera Michelle P , Prosper Harrison B , Ramanujan Raghuram 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The ability to model and sample from conditional densities is important in many physics applications. Implicit quantile networks (IQN) have been successfully applied to this task in domains outside physics. In this work, we illustrate the potential of IQNs as components of emulators using the simulation of jets as an example. Specifically, we use an IQN to map jets described by their 4-momenta at the generation level to jets at the event reconstruction level. The conditional densities emulated by our model closely match those generated by Delphes, while also enabling faster jet simulation.
Investigation of solution-processed tungsten disulfide as switching layer in flexible resistive memory devices for performance and stability
Authors: Saini Shalu , Tiwari Shree Prakash 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Solution-processed tungsten disulfide (WS2) is demonstrated as a promising resistive switching layer for flexible resistive random access memory (RRAM) devices. For this study, WS2 nanoparticle solution was prepared by liquid exfoliation process from WS2 powder and comprehensive material investigation was performed to understand the suitability for device fabrication through morphologies and electronic behavior. Devices were fabricated on indium tin oxide (ITO) coated flexible polyethylene terephthalate (PET) with ITO acting as bottom electrode (BE) and silver (Ag) deposited as top electrode (TE) with thin film of WS2 prepared by spin coating as an active layer between electrodes. These fabricated flexible RRAM devices exhibited resistive switching characteristics with low operating voltages (V
SET ∼0.5 V and V
RESET ∼−1.4 V) over 100 consecutive cycles, along with impressive retention time of ∼104 s and high I
ON/I
OFF of ∼104. The performance variation of these devices was also investigated upon bending at radii of 12 mm and 5 mm indicating consistent switching, however a decay in LRS was observed after 250 s upon investigation of retention. These findings suggest that solution-processed thin films of WS2 nanomaterial can act as a promising switching layer for flexible electronics.
Imagination as an intellectual virtue
Authors: Marber Déborah , Wilson Alan T 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Many philosophers have recently defended the epistemic value of imagination. In this paper, we expand these discussions into the realm of virtue epistemology by proposing and defending a virtue-theoretic conception of imagination. On this account, the intellectual virtue of imagination is a character trait consisting of dispositions to engage skilfully in activities characteristic of imagining, with good judgement and from appropriate epistemic motivations. We argue that this approach helps to explain important connections between related, but distinct, intellectual virtues, including creativity and empathy, and reveals avenues for future work on how best to develop intellectually virtuous imagination.
Development of Korean CARcinogen EXposure: occupation-based exposure matrix
Authors: Koh Dong-Hee , Choi Sangjun , Park Ju-Hyun , Lee Sang-Gil , Kim Hwan-Cheol , Kim Inah , Min Jeehee , Kim Yujin , Park Dong-Uk 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Information systems focusing on occupational carcinogen exposure, whether categorized by industry or occupation, play a pivotal role in the prevention of occupational cancers. Recently, the Korean CARcinogen EXposure (K-CAREX) system was developed to assess carcinogen exposure by industry. However, corresponding information categorized by occupation has yet to be developed. This study aimed to develop an occupation-based exposure matrix for occupational carcinogens as an extension of the K-CAREX framework.

Methods
The Work Environment Measurement Database (WEMD) and the Special Health Examination Database (SHED) were combined to estimate exposure intensity by occupation. The WEMD supplied exposure levels, whereas the SHED provided occupation information. Additionally, the SHED served as the primary data source for constructing an indicator of exposure prevalence by occupation, utilizing standard occupational classification.

Results
A total of 22 carcinogens were selected for evaluating exposure intensity, and 20 carcinogens were selected for assessing exposure prevalence. Exposure intensity and prevalence were assigned to 156 occupational groups based on these carcinogens. For instance, in terms of welding fume exposure, welders were assigned an exposure intensity rating of 3 and exhibited exposure prevalence of 26%.

Conclusions
Our findings complement the previously developed K-CAREX, which offered an industry-based exposure matrix. The resultant comprehensive K-CAREX, incorporating both industry- and occupation-based matrices, can be utilized for occupational cancer prevention and epidemiological studies.
Teaching Vergil to write: Vergil’s aesthetics and the influence of Philodemus and Parthenius
Authors: McOsker Michael F , Fratantuono Lee M 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT
The influence of the Greek scholars Philodemus and Parthenius on their contemporary Vergil remains understudied. Close examination of selected passages from the Aeneid demonstrates the poet’s reception of Philodemus’ theory of poetry and of Parthenius’ collection of mythological summaries, the Erotica Pathemata. Investigating the intertextual connections between Philodemus, Parthenius, and Vergil offers a chance to explore how an Augustan poet made use of the writings of two of his teachers and main influences, and an opportunity to examine the question of late Hellenistic aesthetics through the prism of its earliest reception.
Physiological responses to capture, handling and tagging in the critically endangered flapper skate (Dipturus intermedius)
Authors: Cole Georgina , Lavender Edward , Naylor Adam , Girling Simon , Aleynik Dmitry , Oppel Steffen , Dodd Jane , Thorburn James 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Catch-and-release angling is a popular recreational pastime and an essential component of many fish research programmes. Marked physiological disturbances have been documented in elasmobranchs in response to angling and handling, but skates and rays remain understudied. Here, we describe for the first time the physiological responses of the critically endangered flapper skate (Dipturus intermedius) to angling, handling and tagging in Scotland. Sixty-one skate were captured by angling as part of a tagging research programme. We assessed individual health, measured blood parameters at two time points (post-capture and prior to release) and recorded heart and respiratory rates during handling and the surgical insertion of acoustic tags. Injuries or infections were identified in 10% of individuals and attributed to prior angling in two cases. Skate generally experienced a mild metabolic acidosis characterized by decreases in blood pH and bicarbonate and increases in lactate and glucose. Respiratory acidosis characterized by limited increases in PCO2 was also observed. The degree of acidosis was greater with warmer sea temperatures and longer fight times, and worsened during the time that skate were handled on deck. Heart rates during handling were negatively associated with body size, positively associated with temperature and also linked to time on the line. Taken together, our results suggest that elevated fight times and temperatures increase the physiological stress experienced by rod and reel-caught flapper skate. Efforts to reduce fight times and minimize heat exposure (including shading, irrigation and reduced handling time) should be beneficial for skate.
A Future Avenue of Treatment Ulcerative Colitis Targeting Macrophage Polarization: A Phytochemical Application
Authors: Saurabh Nishant Kumar , Khan Mohd Mabood , Kirabo Annet 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a prevalent inflammatory bowel disease primarily impacting the mucosa of the colon. It is characterized by recurring and incurable symptoms and causes immense suffering and significant economic burden due to limited treatment options. Typical symptoms of UC include diarrhea, alterations in bowel patterns, bleeding from the rectum, rectal pain or urgency, anemia, and tiredness. Therefore, developing novel and effective treatment strategies for UC is imperative.

Purpose
This review aimed to explain how macrophage polarization contributes to UC development and compiled information on natural compounds with promising therapeutic potential that can target the macrophage phenotype and shed light on its potential mode of action.

Results
The phenotypic alteration of macrophages profoundly affects the development of UC, and these cells are essential for preserving intestinal immunological homeostasis. Evidence from research suggests that one effective method for UC prevention and therapy is to guide macrophage polarization toward the M2 phenotype. Phytochemicals, which are compounds extracted from plants, possess a wide array of biological activities. For example: Ginsenoside Rg1 emerges as a crucial regulator of macrophage polarization, promoting the M2 phenotype while inhibiting the M1 phenotype. Notably, their low toxicity and high effectiveness render them promising candidates for therapeutic interventions. These compounds have demonstrated encouraging protective effects against inflammation in the colon.

Conclusions
Exploring phytochemicals as a therapeutic avenue targeting macrophage polarization presents an innovative approach to treating UC.