bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Size-dependent kinetics during non-equilibrium lithiation of nano-sized zinc ferrite
Authors: Li Jing , Meng Qingping , Zhang Yiman , Peng Lele , Yu Guihua , Marschilok Amy C. , Wu Lijun , Su Dong , Takeuchi Kenneth J. , Takeuchi Esther S. , Zhu Yimei , Stach Eric A. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractSpinel transition metal oxides (TMOs) have emerged as promising anode materials for lithium-ion batteries. It has been shown that reducing their particle size to nanoscale dimensions benefits overall electrochemical performance. Here, we use in situ transmission electron microscopy to probe the lithiation behavior of spinel ZnFe2O4 as a function of particle size. We have found that ZnFe2O4 undergoes an intercalation-to-conversion reaction sequence, with the initial intercalation process being size dependent. Larger ZnFe2O4 particles (40 nm) follow a two-phase intercalation reaction. In contrast, a solid-solution transformation dominates the early stages of discharge when the particle size is about 6–9 nm. Using a thermodynamic analysis, we find that the size-dependent kinetics originate from the interfacial energy between the two phases. Furthermore, the conversion reaction in both large and small particles favors {111} planes and follows a core-shell reaction mode. These results elucidate the intrinsic mechanism that permits fast reaction kinetics in smaller nanoparticles.
Ultrasonic sculpting of virtual optical waveguides in tissue
Authors: Chamanzar Maysamreza , Scopelliti Matteo Giuseppe , Bloch Julien , Do Ninh , Huh Minyoung , Seo Dongjin , Iafrati Jillian , Sohal Vikaas S. , Alam Mohammad-Reza , Maharbiz Michel M. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractOptical imaging and stimulation are widely used to study biological events. However, scattering processes limit the depth to which externally focused light can penetrate tissue. Optical fibers and waveguides are commonly inserted into tissue when delivering light deeper than a few millimeters. This approach, however, introduces complications arising from tissue damage. In addition, it makes it difficult to steer light. Here, we demonstrate that ultrasound can be used to define and steer the trajectory of light within scattering media by exploiting local pressure differences created by acoustic waves that result in refractive index contrasts. We show that virtual light pipes can be created deep into the tissue (>18 scattering mean free paths). We demonstrate the application of this technology in confining light through mouse brain tissue. This technology is likely extendable to form arbitrary light patterns within tissue, extending both the reach and the flexibility of light-based methods.
A miniature multi-contrast microscope for functional imaging in freely behaving animals
Authors: Senarathna Janaka , Yu Hang , Deng Callie , Zou Alice L. , Issa John B. , Hadjiabadi Darian H. , Gil Stacy , Wang Qihong , Tyler Betty M. , Thakor Nitish V. , Pathak Arvind P. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractNeurovascular coupling, cerebrovascular remodeling and hemodynamic changes are critical to brain function, and dysregulated in neuropathologies such as brain tumors. Interrogating these phenomena in freely behaving animals requires a portable microscope with multiple optical contrast mechanisms. Therefore, we developed a miniaturized microscope with: a fluorescence (FL) channel for imaging neural activity (e.g., GCaMP) or fluorescent cancer cells (e.g., 9L-GFP); an intrinsic optical signal (IOS) channel for imaging hemoglobin absorption (i.e., cerebral blood volume); and a laser speckle contrast (LSC) channel for imaging perfusion (i.e., cerebral blood flow). Following extensive validation, we demonstrate the microscope’s capabilities via experiments in unanesthetized murine brains that include: (i) multi-contrast imaging of neurovascular changes following auditory stimulation; (ii) wide-area tonotopic mapping; (iii) EEG-synchronized imaging during anesthesia recovery; and (iv) microvascular connectivity mapping over the life-cycle of a brain tumor. This affordable, flexible, plug-and-play microscope heralds a new era in functional imaging of freely behaving animals.
A chemical biology screen identifies a vulnerability of neuroendocrine cancer cells to SQLE inhibition
Authors: Mahoney Christopher E. , Pirman David , Chubukov Victor , Sleger Taryn , Hayes Sebastian , Fan Zi Peng , Allen Eric L. , Chen Ying , Huang Lingling , Liu Meina , Zhang Yingjia , McDonald Gabrielle , Narayanaswamy Rohini , Choe Sung , Chen Yue , Gross Stefan , Cianchetta Giovanni , Padyana Anil K. , Murray Stuart , Liu Wei , Marks Kevin M. , Murtie Joshua , Dorsch Marion , Jin Shengfang , Nagaraja Nelamangala , Biller Scott A. , Roddy Thomas , Popovici-Muller Janeta , Smolen Gromoslaw A. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractAberrant metabolism of cancer cells is well appreciated, but the identification of cancer subsets with specific metabolic vulnerabilities remains challenging. We conducted a chemical biology screen and identified a subset of neuroendocrine tumors displaying a striking pattern of sensitivity to inhibition of the cholesterol biosynthetic pathway enzyme squalene epoxidase (SQLE). Using a variety of orthogonal approaches, we demonstrate that sensitivity to SQLE inhibition results not from cholesterol biosynthesis pathway inhibition, but rather surprisingly from the specific and toxic accumulation of the SQLE substrate, squalene. These findings highlight SQLE as a potential therapeutic target in a subset of neuroendocrine tumors, particularly small cell lung cancers.
Observation of dissociative quasi-free electron attachment to nucleoside via excited anion radical in solution
Authors: Ma Jun , Kumar Anil , Muroya Yusa , Yamashita Shinichi , Sakurai Tsuneaki , Denisov Sergey A. , Sevilla Michael D. , Adhikary Amitava , Seki Shu , Mostafavi Mehran 
Published: January 2019

AbstractDamage to DNA via dissociative electron attachment has been well-studied in both the gas and condensed phases; however, understanding this process in bulk solution at a fundamental level is still a challenge. Here, we use a picosecond pulse of a high energy electron beam to generate electrons in liquid diethylene glycol and observe the electron attachment dynamics to ribothymidine at different stages of electron relaxation. Our transient spectroscopic results reveal that the quasi-free electron with energy near the conduction band effectively attaches to ribothymidine leading to a new absorbing species that is characterized in the UV-visible region. This species exhibits a nearly concentration-independent decay with a time constant of ~350 ps. From time-resolved studies under different conditions, combined with data analysis and theoretical calculations, we assign this intermediate to an excited anion radical that undergoes N1-C1′ glycosidic bond dissociation rather than relaxation to its ground state.
The ecdysone receptor complex is essential for the reproductive success in the female desert locust, Schistocerca gregaria
Authors: Lenaerts Cynthia , Marchal Elisabeth , Peeters Paulien , Vanden Broeck Jozef 
Published: January 2019

AbstractEcdysteroid hormones influence the development and reproduction of arthropods by binding a heterodimeric complex of nuclear receptors, the ecdysone receptor (EcR) and the retinoid-X-receptor/ultraspiracle (RXR/USP). Here, we report on the in vivo role(s) of the ecdysone receptor complex, SchgrEcR/SchgrRXR, in the female reproductive physiology of a major phytophagous pest insect, i.e. the desert locust, Schistocerca gregaria. Tissue and temporal distribution profiles were analysed during the first gonadotrophic cycle of adult female locusts. RNA interference was used as a reverse genetics tool to investigate the in vivo role of the ecdysone receptor complex in ovarian maturation, oogenesis, fertility and fecundity. We discovered that silencing the ecdysone receptor complex in S. gregaria resulted in impaired ovulation and oviposition, indicative for a crucial role of this complex in chorion formation. We also found evidence for a feedback of SchgrEcR/SchgrRXR on juvenile hormone biosynthesis by the corpora allata. Furthermore, we observed a tissue-dependent effect of the SchgrEcR/SchgrRXR knockdown on the transcript levels of the insulin receptor and neuroparsin 3 and 4. The insulin receptor transcript levels were upregulated in the brain, but not the fat body and gonads. Neuroparsins 3 and 4 transcript levels were down regulated in the brain and fat body, but not in the gonads.
The (R)-enantiomer of the 6-chromanol derivate SUL-121 improves renal graft perfusion via antagonism of the α1-adrenoceptor
Authors: Nakladal D. , Buikema H. , Romero A. Reyes , Lambooy S. P. H. , Bouma J. , Krenning G. , Vogelaar P. , van der Graaf A. C. , Groves M. R. , Kyselovic J. , Henning R. H. , Deelman L. E. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractSUL-compounds are protectants from cold-induced ischemia and mitochondrial dysfunction. We discovered that adding SUL-121 to renal grafts during warm machine reperfusion elicits a rapid improvement in perfusion parameters. Therefore, we investigate the molecular mechanisms of action in porcine intrarenal arteries (PIRA). Porcine kidneys were stored on ice overnight and perfusion parameters were recorded during treatment with SUL-compounds. Agonist-induced vasoconstriction was measured in isolated PIRA after pre-incubation with SUL-compounds. Receptor binding and calcium transients were assessed in α1-adrenoceptor (α1-AR) transgenic CHO cells. Molecular docking simulation was performed using Schrödinger software. Renal pressure during warm reperfusion was reduced by SUL-121 (−11.9 ± 2.50 mmHg) and its (R)-enantiomer SUL-150 (−13.2 ± 2.77 mmHg), but not by the (S)-enantiomer SUL-151 (−1.33 ± 1.26 mmHg). Additionally, SUL-150 improved renal flow (16.21 ± 1.71 mL/min to 21.94 ± 1.38 mL/min). SUL-121 and SUL-150 competitively inhibited PIRA contraction responses to phenylephrine, while other 6-chromanols were without effect. SUL-150 similarly inhibited phenylephrine-induced calcium influx and effectively displaced [7-Methoxy-3H]-prazosin in CHO cells. Docking simulation to the α1-AR revealed shared binding characteristics between prazosin and SUL-150. SUL-150 is a novel α1-AR antagonist with the potential to improve renal graft perfusion after hypothermic storage. In combination with previously reported protective effects, SUL-150 emerges as a novel protectant in organ transplantation.
Microbial embryonal colonization during pipefish male pregnancy
Authors: Beemelmanns Anne , Poirier Maude , Bayer Till , Kuenzel Sven , Roth Olivia 
Published: January 2019

AbstractWhile originally acquired from the environment, a fraction of the microbiota is transferred from parents to offspring. The immune system shapes the microbial colonization, while commensal microbes may boost host immune defences. Parental transfer of microbes in viviparous animals remains ambiguous, as the two transfer routes (transovarial vs. pregnancy) are intermingled within the maternal body. Pipefishes and seahorses (syngnathids) are ideally suited to disentangle transovarial microbial transfer from a contribution during pregnancy due to their maternal egg production and their unique male pregnancy. We assessed the persistency and the changes in the microbial communities of the maternal and paternal reproductive tracts over proceeding male pregnancy by sequencing microbial 16S rRNA genes of swabs from maternal gonads and brood pouches of non-pregnant and pregnant fathers. Applying parental immunological activation with heat-killed bacteria, we evaluated the impact of parental immunological status on microbial development. Our data indicate that maternal gonads and paternal brood pouches harbor distinct microbial communities, which could affect embryonal development in a sex-specific manner. Upon activation of the immune system, a shift of the microbial community was observed. The activation of the immune system induced the expansion of microbiota richness during late pregnancy, which corresponds to the time point of larval mouth opening, when initial microbial colonization must take place.
Double‐step model predictive direct power control with delay compensation for three‐level converter
Authors: Hu Bihua , Kang Longyun , Cheng Jiancai , Zhang Zhi , Zhang Jianbin , Luo Xuan 
Published: January 2019

Model‐predictive direct‐power control (MPDPC) has attracted increasing attention from scholars because of its outstanding dynamic response and high‐power factor. However, its major shortcoming is the high‐computational cost, which limits its application in three‐level (3L) converters. By dividing the conventional MPDPC into two steps, a double‐step MPDPC (DMPDPC) algorithm is presented to address this problem. The first step of this algorithm is dedicated to searching a sector including an optimal switching state (OSS). In the second step, the OSS in a chosen sector is gained. Furthermore, its driver signals are changed as soon as the OSS is gained and their delay time is detected. Then, the corresponding delay compensation is also proposed to improve the steady‐state performance of the 3L‐converter. The validity of the proposed approach is demonstrated by the experimental platform with 4 kVA rated power. The experimental results show that the computing time in DMPDPC is 50.82% of that in conventional MPDPC. In addition, the proposed DMPDPC decreases the 3L converter's active and reactive powers ripples, reduces its current harmonic and strengthens its robustness against parameter variation.
Complexity of inheritance of ℱ-convexity for restricted games induced by minimum partitions
Authors: Skoda A. 
Published: January 2019

Let G = (N, E, w) be a weighted communication graph. For any subset A ⊆ N, we delete all minimum-weight edges in the subgraph induced by A. The connected components of the resultant subgraph constitute the partition 𝒫min(A) of A. Then, for every cooperative game (N, v), the 𝒫min-restricted game (N, v̅) is defined by v̅(A)=∑F∈𝒫min(A)v(F)
for all A ⊆ N. We prove that we can decide in polynomial time if there is inheritance of ℱ-convexity, i.e., if for every ℱ-convex game the 𝒫min-restricted game is ℱ-convex, where ℱ-convexity is obtained by restricting convexity to connected subsets. This implies that we can also decide in polynomial time for any unweighted graph if there is inheritance of convexity for Myerson’s graph-restricted game.
Use of Targeted High-Throughput Sequencing for Genetic Classification of Patients with Bleeding Diathesis and Suspected Platelet Disorder
Authors: Andres Oliver , König Eva-Maria , Althaus Karina , Bakchoul Tamam , Bugert Peter , Eber Stefan , Knöfler Ralf , Kunstmann Erdmute , Manukjan Georgi , Meyer Oliver , Strauß Gabriele , Streif Werner , Thiele Thomas , Wiegering Verena , Klopocki Eva , Schulze Harald ,   on Behalf of the THROMKIDplus Study Group of the Society of Paediatric Oncology Haematology (Gesellschaft für Pädiatrische Onkologie und Hämatologie, GPOH) and the Society of Thrombosis Haemostasis Research (Gesellschaft für Thrombose- und Hämostaseforschung, GTH)
Published: December 2018

AbstractInherited platelet disorders (IPD) form a rare and heterogeneous disease entity that is present in about 8% of patients with non-acquired bleeding diathesis. Identification of the defective cellular pathway is an important criterion for stratifying the patient's individual risk profile and for choosing personalized therapeutic options. While costs of high-throughput sequencing technologies have rapidly declined over the last decade, molecular genetic diagnosis of bleeding and platelet disorders is getting more and more suitable within the diagnostic algorithms. In this study, we developed, verified, and evaluated a targeted, panel-based next-generation sequencing approach comprising 59 genes associated with IPD for a cohort of 38 patients with a history of recurrent bleeding episodes and functionally suspected, but so far genetically undefined IPD. DNA samples from five patients with genetically defined IPD with disease-causing variants in WAS, RBM8A, FERMT3, P2YR12, and MYH9 served as controls during the validation process. In 40% of 35 patients analyzed, we were able to finally detect 15 variants, eight of which were novel, in 11 genes, ACTN1, AP3B1, GFI1B, HPS1, HPS4, HPS6, MPL, MYH9, TBXA2R, TPM4, and TUBB1, and classified them according to current guidelines. Apart from seven variants of uncertain significance in 11% of patients, nine variants were classified as likely pathogenic or pathogenic providing a molecular diagnosis for 26% of patients. This report also emphasizes on potentials and pitfalls of this tool and prospectively proposes its rational implementation within the diagnostic algorithms of IPD.
Concise synthesis of (±)-litseaones A and B
Authors: Kageji Hideaki , Mori Naoki , Takikawa Hirosato , Watanabe Hidenori 
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACT
A concise synthesis of litseaones A and B, which were isolated from the stem barks of Litsea rubescens and L. pedunculata, is described in this study. Litseaone A was synthesized in just three steps from a known phloroglucinol derivative. The direct conversion of litseaone A into litseaone B was also achieved.
Low noise sensitivity analysis of -minimization in oversampled systems
Authors: Weng Haolei , Maleki Arian 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe class of $\ell _q$-regularized least squares (LQLS) are considered for estimating $\beta \in \mathbb{R}^p$ from its $n$ noisy linear observations $y=X\beta + w$. The performance of these schemes are studied under the high-dimensional asymptotic setting in which the dimension of the signal grows linearly with the number of measurements. In this asymptotic setting, phase transition (PT) diagrams are often used for comparing the performance of different estimators. PT specifies the minimum number of observations required by a certain estimator to recover a structured signal, e.g. a sparse one, from its noiseless linear observations. Although PT analysis is shown to provide useful information for compressed sensing, the fact that it ignores the measurement noise not only limits its applicability in many application areas, but also may lead to misunderstandings. For instance, consider a linear regression problem in which $n&gt;p$ and the signal is not exactly sparse. If the measurement noise is ignored in such systems, regularization techniques, such as LQLS, seem to be irrelevant since even the ordinary least squares (OLS) returns the exact solution. However, it is well known that if $n$ is not much larger than $p$, then the regularization techniques improve the performance of OLS. In response to this limitation of PT analysis, we consider the low-noise sensitivity analysis. We show that this analysis framework (i) reveals the advantage of LQLS over OLS, (ii) captures the difference between different LQLS estimators even when $n&gt;p$, and (iii) provides a fair comparison among different estimators in high signal-to-noise ratios. As an application of this framework, we will show that under mild conditions LASSO outperforms other LQLS even when the signal is dense. Finally, by a simple transformation, we connect our low-noise sensitivity framework to the classical asymptotic regime in which $n/p \rightarrow \infty$, and characterize how and when regularization techniques offer improvements over ordinary least squares, and which regularizer gives the most improvement when the sample size is large.
Natural language processing and recurrent network models for identifying genomic mutation-associated cancer treatment change from patient progress notes
Authors: Guan Meijian , Cho Samuel , Petro Robin , Zhang Wei , Pasche Boris , Topaloglu Umit 
Published: January 2019

AbstractObjectivesNatural language processing (NLP) and machine learning approaches were used to build classifiers to identify genomic-related treatment changes in the free-text visit progress notes of cancer patients.MethodsWe obtained 5889 deidentified progress reports (2439 words on average) for 755 cancer patients who have undergone a clinical next generation sequencing (NGS) testing in Wake Forest Baptist Comprehensive Cancer Center for our data analyses. An NLP system was implemented to process the free-text data and extract NGS-related information. Three types of recurrent neural network (RNN) namely, gated recurrent unit, long short-term memory (LSTM), and bidirectional LSTM (LSTM_Bi) were applied to classify documents to the treatment-change and no-treatment-change groups. Further, we compared the performances of RNNs to 5 machine learning algorithms including Naive Bayes, K-nearest Neighbor, Support Vector Machine for classification, Random forest, and Logistic Regression.ResultsOur results suggested that, overall, RNNs outperformed traditional machine learning algorithms, and LSTM_Bi showed the best performance among the RNNs in terms of accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score. In addition, pretrained word embedding can improve the accuracy of LSTM by 3.4% and reduce the training time by more than 60%.Discussion and ConclusionNLP and RNN-based text mining solutions have demonstrated advantages in information retrieval and document classification tasks for unstructured clinical progress notes.
10-MV SBRT FFF IRRADIATION TECHNIQUE IS ASSOCIATED TO THE LOWEST PERIPHERAL DOSE: THE OUTCOME OF 142 TREATMENT PLANS FOR THE 10 MOST COMMON TUMOUR LOCATIONS
Authors: Irazola L , Sánchez-Nieto B , García-Hernández M T , Terrón J A , Roselló J , Ortiz-Seidel M , Béjar M J , Linares R , Vélazquez S , Sánchez-Doblado F 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
There is a growing interest in the combined use of Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy (SBRT) with Flattening Filter Free (FFF) due to the high local control rates and reduced treatment times, compared to conventionally fractionated treatments. It has been suggested that they may also provide a better radiation protection to radiotherapy patients as a consequence of the expected decrease in peripheral doses. This work aims to determine this reduction in unattended out-of-field regions, where no CT information is available but an important percentage of second primary cancers occur. For that purpose, ten different cases suitable for SBRT were chosen. Thus, 142 different treatment plans including SBRT, as well as 3D‐CRT, IMRT and VMAT (with standard fractionation) in low and high energies for Varian (FF and FFF), Siemens and Elekta machines were created. Then, photon and neutron peripheral dose in 14 organs were assessed and compared using two analytical models. For the prostate case, uncomplicated and cancer free control probability estimation was also carried out. As a general behavior, SBRT plans led to the lowest peripheral doses followed by 3D-CRT, VMAT and IMRT, in this order. Unflattened beams proved to be the most effective in reducing peripheral doses, especially for 10 MV. The obtained results suggest that FFF beams for SBRT with 10 MV represent the best compromise between dose delivery efficiency and peripheral dose reduction.