bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
EFECTO DE TIPO DE TUTORES Y DENSIDAD DE SIEMBRA SOBRE EL RENDIMIENTO DE ÑAME ESPINO
Authors: LUNA CASTELLANOS L. L. , TAMARA MORELOS R. E. , GARCIA PEÑA J. A. 
Published: February 2019

El objetivo de la presente investigación fue determinar el efecto de tres tipos de tutores (tutor individual, espaldera simple y espaldera doble) y dos densidades de siembra (14,285 y 20,000 plantas/ha) sobre el rendimiento de Dioscorea rotundata cv brasilero. El experimento se realizó bajo un diseño de bloques completos al azar con arreglo en parcelas divididas con cuatro repeticiones. Las variables evaluadas fueron: rendimiento total de tubérculos (t. ha -1), rendimiento de tubérculos comerciales, y adicionalmente se realizó un análisis económico de los tratamientos. Los resultados obtenidos mostraron diferencias altamente significativas para el factor densidad de siembra. Al emplear la densidad de 20,000 plantas/ha se obtuvieron los mayores rendimientos totales (26,73t. ha -1 ) generando incrementos en 9,64% respecto a la menor densidad (14,285 plantas/ha) para esta variable. La utilización combinada de espaldera simple y la densidad de 20,000 plantas/ha generó aumentos de 9,3% en rendimiento de los tubérculos.
PERBAIKAN JATUH TEGANGAN DENGAN REPOSISI TRAFO UNTUK SAMBUNGAN RUMAH PELANGGAN
Authors: Winardi Bambang 
Published: February 2019

Sambungan rumah adalah titik akhir dari pelayanan listrik kepada konsumen, sehingga potret pelayanan dapat dilihat dari mutu tegangan dan tingkat keandalan dari sisi sambungan rumah. Dalam hal ini penulis menemukan sebuah kasus nyata sampel di lapangan mengenai sambungan rumah yang tidak sesuai standar yang layak untuk dibahas dan direncanakan solusi perbaikan jaringannya. Jumlah tarikan sambungan rumah yang tidak standar ini menyebabkan tegangan rumah mengalami jatuh tegangan. Hasil pengukuran pada waktu beban puncak adalah 175 V, persentasenya adalah 20,5%. Padahal tegangan jatuh yang diijinkan adalah maksimal 198 V, persentasenya adalah 10%. Dengan melihat keadaan yang terjadi di lapangan, maka direncanakan solusi untuk perbaikan jaringan.Pada pengukuran jatuh tegangan secara langsung berupa 175 V, sedangkan jatuh tegangan dengan menggunakan software ETAP 12.6.0 berupa 168 V. Sedangkan pada rencana perbaikan jaringan, perhitungan yang dilakukan dengan menggunakan software ETAP 12.6.0 diperoleh persentase jatuh tegangan hanya berkisar antara 1,81% - 3,63%. Pada software ETAP 12.6.0 menunjukkan bahwa rencana perbaikan yang dilakukan sudah memenuhi standar. Hal ini terlihat dari kisaran persetase jatuh tegangan dari 9,09% 22.72% bisa menjadi 1,81% - 3,63%.
The complete plastome of real yellow wood (Podocarpus latifolius): gene organization and comparison with related species
Authors: Saina Josphat K. , Li Zhi-Zhong , Gichira Andrew W. , Avoga Sheila , Wang Qing-Feng , Kuo Liao 
Published: February 2019

Abstract

Podocarpus latifolius [(Thunb.) R.Br. ex Mirb.], also known as real yellow wood, is a large evergreen tree with exceptionally high-quality wood. It is a member of the Podocarpaceae family, which includes many species widely grown for wood pulp as well as timber for construction. Despite its importance, studies focusing on its genetic characterization and molecular biology are limited. Therefore, this study reports the complete plastome of P. latifolius, which is a circular molecule of 134 020 base pairs (bp) in length, lacking a quadripartite structure. The P. latifolius plastome encodes 117 unique genes, consisting of 82 protein-coding genes, 31 transfer RNA genes and four ribosomal RNA genes. The analysis showed that the Podocarpaceae plastomes have experienced some intron and gene losses, inversions, and inverted repeat (IR) loss resulting in a diverse plastome organization at the species and genus levels. Therefore, to understand the extent of these genomic rearrangements, more sampling of the Podocarpaceae plastomes is necessary. A total of 149 editing sites were predicted in 28 genes, all of which were C to U conversions. Moreover, a total of 164 simple sequence repeats (SSRs) were identified in the P. latifolius plastome, the majority being mononucleotide repeat motifs with A/T sequence predominance. Overall, the data obtained in this study will be useful for population genetics, evolutionary history and phylogenetic studies of the species in this genus.
The Effects of Methylphenidate (Ritalin) on the Neurophysiology of the Monkey Caudal Prefrontal Cortex
Authors: Tremblay Sébastien , Pieper Florian , Sachs Adam , Joober Ridha , Martinez-Trujillo Julio 
Published: February 2019

AbstractMethylphenidate (MPH), commonly known as Ritalin, is the most widely prescribed drug worldwide to treat patients with attention deficit disorders. Although MPH is thought to modulate catecholamine neurotransmission in the brain, it remains unclear how these neurochemical effects influence neuronal activity and lead to attentional enhancements. Studies in rodents overwhelmingly point to the lateral prefrontal cortex (LPFC) as a main site of action of MPH. To understand the mechanism of action of MPH in a primate brain, we recorded the responses of neuronal populations using chronic multielectrode arrays implanted in the caudal LPFC of two macaque monkeys while the animals performed an attention task (N= 2811 neuronal recordings). Over different recording sessions (N= 55), we orally administered either various doses of MPH or a placebo to the animals. Behavioral analyses revealed positive effects of MPH on task performance at specific doses. However, analyses of individual neurons activity, noise correlations, and neuronal ensemble activity using machine learning algorithms revealed no effects of MPH. Our results suggest that the positive behavioral effects of MPH observed in primates (including humans) may not be mediated by changes in the activity of caudal LPFC neurons. MPH may enhance cognitive performance by modulating neuronal activity in other regions of the attentional network in the primate brain.
A Postdecisional Neural Marker of Confidence Predicts Information-Seeking in Decision-Making
Authors: Desender Kobe , Murphy Peter , Boldt Annika , Verguts Tom , Yeung Nick 
Published: February 2019

Theoretical work predicts that decisions made with low confidence should lead to increased information-seeking. This is an adaptive strategy because it can increase the quality of a decision, and previous behavioral work has shown that decision-makers engage in such confidence-driven information-seeking. The present study aimed to characterize the neural markers that mediate the relationship between confidence and information-seeking. A paradigm was used in which 17 human participants (9 male) made an initial perceptual decision, and then decided whether or not they wanted to sample more evidence before committing to a final decision and confidence judgment. Predecisional and postdecisional event-related potential components were similarly modulated by the level of confidence and by information-seeking choices. Time-resolved multivariate decoding of scalp EEG signals first revealed that both information-seeking choices and decision confidence could be decoded from the time of the initial decision to the time of the subsequent information-seeking choice (within-condition decoding). No above-chance decoding was visible in the preresponse time window. Crucially, a classifier trained to decode high versus low confidence predicted information-seeking choices after the initial perceptual decision (across-condition decoding). This time window corresponds to that of a postdecisional neural marker of confidence. Collectively, our findings demonstrate, for the first time, that neural indices of confidence are functionally involved in information-seeking decisions.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTDespite substantial current interest in neural signatures of our sense of confidence, it remains largely unknown how confidence is used to regulate behavior. Here, we devised a task in which human participants could decide whether or not to sample additional decision-relevant information at a small monetary cost. Using neural recordings, we could predict such information-seeking choices based on a neural signature of decision confidence. Our study illuminates a neural link between decision confidence and adaptive behavioral control.
Oxytocin Receptors Are Expressed by Glutamatergic Prefrontal Cortical Neurons That Selectively Modulate Social Recognition
Authors: Tan Yalun , Singhal Sarthak M. , Harden Scott W. , Cahill Karlena M. , Nguyen Dan-Tam M. , Colon-Perez Luis M. , Sahagian Todd J. , Thinschmidt Jeffrey S. , de Kloet Annette D. , Febo Marcelo , Frazier Charles J. , Krause Eric G. 
Published: February 2019

Social recognition, the ability to recognize individuals that were previously encountered, requires complex integration of sensory inputs with previous experience. Here, we use a variety of approaches to discern how oxytocin-sensitive neurons in the PFC exert descending control over a circuit mediating social recognition in mice. Using male mice with Cre-recombinase directed to the oxytocin receptor gene (Oxtr), we revealed that oxytocin receptors (OXTRs) are expressed on glutamatergic neurons in the PFC, optogenetic stimulation of which elicited activation of neurons residing in several mesolimbic brain structures. Optogenetic stimulation of axons in the BLA arising from OXTR-expressing neurons in the PFC eliminated the ability to distinguish novel from familiar conspecifics, but remarkably, distinguishing between novel and familiar objects was unaffected. These results suggest that an oxytocin-sensitive PFC to BLA circuit is required for social recognition. The implication is that impaired social memory may manifest from dysregulation of this circuit.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTUsing mice, we demonstrate that optogenetic activation of the neurons in the PFC that express the oxytocin receptor gene (Oxtr) impairs the ability to distinguish between novel and familiar conspecifics, but the ability to distinguish between novel and familiar objects remains intact. Subjects with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) have difficulty identifying a person based on remembering facial features; however, ASDs and typical subjects perform similarly when remembering objects. In subjects with ASD, viewing the same face increases neural activity in the PFC, which may be analogous to the optogenetic excitation of oxytocin receptor (OXTR) expressing neurons in the PFC that impairs social recognition in mice. The implication is that overactivation of OXTR-expressing neurons in the PFC may contribute to ASD symptomology.
Plexina2 and CRMP2 Signaling Complex Is Activated by Nogo-A-Liganded Ngr1 to Restrict Corticospinal Axon Sprouting after Trauma
Authors: Sekine Yuichi , Algarate Percy T. , Cafferty William B.J. , Strittmatter Stephen M. 
Published: February 2019

After brain or spinal cord trauma, interaction of Nogo-A with neuronal NgR1 limits regenerative axonal sprouting and functional recovery. Cellular signaling by lipid-anchored NgR1 requires a coreceptor but the relevant partnerin vivois not clear. Here, we examined proteins enriched in NgR1 immunoprecipitates by Nogo-A exposure, identifying CRMP2, a cytosolic protein implicated in axon growth inhibition by Semaphorin/Plexin complexes. The Nogo-A-induced association of NgR1 with CRMP2 requires PlexinA2 as a coreceptor. Non-neuronal cells expressing both NgR1 and PlexinA2, but not either protein alone, contract upon Nogo-A exposure. Inhibition of cortical axon regeneration by Nogo-A depends on a NgR1/PlexinA2 genetic interaction because double-heterozygous NgR1+/−, PlexinA2+/−neurons, but not single-heterozygote neurons, are rescued from Nogo-A inhibition. NgR1 and PlexinA2 also interact geneticallyin vivoto restrict corticospinal sprouting in mouse cervical spinal cord after unilateral pyramidotomy. Greater post-injury sprouting in NgR1+/−, PlexinA2+/−mice supports enhanced neurological recovery of a mixed female and male double-heterozygous cohort. Thus, a NgR1/PlexinA2/CRMP2 ternary complex limits neural repair after adult mammalian CNS trauma.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTSeveral decades of molecular research have suggested that developmental regulation of axon growth is distinct in most regards from titration of axonal regenerative growth after adult CNS trauma. Among adult CNS pathways, the oligodendrocyte Nogo-A inhibition of growth through NgR1 is thought to have little molecular relationship to axonal guidance mechanisms active embryonically. Here, biochemical analysis of NgR1 function uncovered a physical complex with CRMP cytoplasmic mediators, and this led to appreciation of a role for PlexinA2 in concert with NgR1 after adult trauma. The data extend molecular understanding of neural repair after CNS trauma and link it to developmental processes.
MATHEMATICAL MODELING OF TEMPERATURE EFFECT ON THE FAN CHART OF MAGNETOABSORPTION SPECTRUM IN SEMICONDUCTORS
Authors: Gulyamov G. , Erkaboev U. I. , Gulyamov A. G. 
Published: February 2019

The article considers the oscillations of interband magneto-optical absorption in semiconductors with the Kane dispersion law. We have compared the changes in oscillations of the joint density of states with respect to the photon energy for different Landau levels in parabolic and non-parabolic zones. An analytical expression is obtained for the oscillation of the combined density of states in narrow-gap semiconductors. We have calculated the dependence of the maximum photon energy on the magnetic field at different temperatures. A theoretical study of the band structure showed that the magnetoabsorption oscillations decrease with an increase in temperature, and the photon energies nonlinearly depend on a strong magnetic field. The article proposes a simple method for calculating the oscillation of joint density of states in a quantizing magnetic field with the non-quadratic dispersion law. The temperature dependence of the oscillations joint density of states in semiconductors with non-parabolic dispersion law is obtained. Moreover, the article studies the temperature dependence of the band gap in a strong magnetic field with the non-quadratic dispersion law. The method is applied to the research of the magnetic absorption in narrow-gap semiconductors with nonparabolic dispersion law. It is shown that as the temperature increases, Landau levels are washed away due to thermal broadening and density of states turns into a density of states without a magnetic field. Using the mathematical model, the temperature dependence of the density distribution of energy states in strong magnetic fields is considered. It is shown that the continuous spectrum of the density of states, measured at the temperature of liquid nitrogen, at low temperatures turns into discrete Landau levels. Mathematical modeling of processes using experimental values of the continuous spectrum of the density of states makes it possible to calculate discrete Landau levels. We have created the three-dimensional fan chart of magneto optical oscillations of semiconductors with considering for the joint density of energy states. For a nonquadratic dispersion law, the maximum frequency of the absorbed light and the width of the forbidden band are shown to depend nonlinearly on the magnetic field. Modeling the temperature dependence allowed us to determine the Landau levels in semiconductors in a wide temperature spectrum. Using the proposed model, the experimental results obtained for narrow-gap semiconductors are analyzed. The theoretical results are compared with experimental results.
Az idősek tápláltsági állapota és testösszetétele a szabadkai Gerontológiai Központban
Authors: Pozsár Hajnalka , Berenji Karolina , Pozsár Csaba 
Published: February 2019

Abstract: Introduction: Nutritional assessment is the most effective way of preventing obesity and malnutrition in the elderly. Aim: The aim of our study was to assess the nutritional status of people living in the nursing home, and to determine blood glucose and arterial blood pressure. Method: In November 2017, thirty-six people aged over 60 were included in the study. The body composition was determined by bioimpedance scale ‘In Body 230’. The fasting blood glucose level was determined by a digital blood glucose meter and the arterial blood pressure was determined by a digital blood pressure monitor. Results: Body composition of the participants showed that 36.1% are classified as overweight (body mass index [BMI] 25–29.9 kg/m2) and 36.1% as obese (BMI≥30.0 kg/m2). Obesity (50%) is predominantly recorded at the age of 75–84 years. 44% of the subjects did not have a glycemic response, with an average fasting blood sugar of 7.27 ± 2.03 mmol/L. The mean arterial blood pressure was 143.6/79.5 mmHg. Nearly 60% of the examined elderly people are hypertensive. Conclusions: Obesity was diagnosed in more than one third of the elderly and 70% had high cardiovascular comorbidity. According to these findings, nursing homes need to pay more attention to the amount and quality of meals in order to avoid complications. Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(9): 349–358.
A combfejcsavar helyzetének prognosztikai jelentősége a csípőtáji törések esetén
Authors: Csonka Ákos , Ecseri Tamás , Dózsai Dávid , Csonka István , Gárgyán István , Varga Endre 
Published: February 2019

Abstract: Introduction: In our study, we analyzed one of the Hungarian population’s most frequent injuries, the hip fracture, focusing mainly on the lateral femoral neck and the pertrochanteric fractures. According to the classification of the Swiss Association for Ostheosynthesis (AO), we focused on 31–A1 and 31–A2 fractures, the incidence of which increases by ageing. Method: Between 2010 and 2016, we analyzed the data of 1179 patients. All of the fractures were stabilized with intramedullary nails. 992 patients received Stryker Gamma3®, whereas 187 patients’ fractures were solved with Synthes PFNA® nail. In all cases, closed reduction method was used with fluoroscopy on an extension table. The surgeries were done in general or epidural anesthesia and performed by traumatology residents or specialists using standard lateral exploration. Data were collected using GEPACS software and statistical analysis was done with MS Excel. Results: Cut-out occurred in 33 cases (2,79%): out of that 21 (1.78%) were left sided and 12 were (1,01%) right sided. 29 (87.87%) patients were treated with Gamma3 nail, and in 4 (12,12%) cases PFNA nail was used. The average TAD-index was 18 mm. Conclusion: According to recommendations of the TAD-index value, when using dynamic hip screw, it should be 20 mm or lower. The average index value was 18 mm which was equal in the complicated and non-complicated groups. Our study shows that the cut-out is independent from the TAD-index value, thus this recommendation cannot be applied for intramedullary nails. Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(9): 338–342.
Innovation and competitiveness: organizational culture and business model
Authors: Pulgarín Medina Sergio Andrés , Guerrero Natalia Alejandra 
Published: February 2019

This article has as its starting point the cross review of the literature on innovation and competitive advantage, given the strong relationship between these terms and the growing importance and interest that have been gaining in business and academia. As a result of the consultation and review of the state of art of the last 10 years, it can identify the important role assigned to the concept of Business Model (MN) and Organizational Culture (CO), which stand out and are often identified as common elements in the implementation of innovation and development of competitive advantages in organizations that exposed to a dynamic of change seek to understand and adjust to pro-environment to ensure their permanence in the market. El presente artículo tiene como punto de partida la revisión de la literatura en innovación y ventaja competitiva publicada en algunos de los principales Journals en Colombia, teniendo en cuenta la fuerte relación entre estos términos y la creciente importancia e interés que han venido ganando en el ámbito empresarial y académico latinoamericano. Como resultado de la búsqueda y revisión del estado del arte de los últimos 10 años, se logra identificar el importante papel asignado a la noción de Modelo de Negocio (MN) y Cultura Organizacional (CO), los cuales se destacan y son frecuentemente señalados como elementos comunes en la implementación de innovación y el desarrollo de ventajas competitivas en organizaciones, que expuestas a una dinámica de cambio buscan entender y ajustarse a su entorno en pro de garantizar su permanencia en el mercado.Este artigo tem como ponto de partida uma revisão da literatura sobre inovação e vantagem competitiva publicada em alguns dos mais importantes periódicos colombianos, dada a forte relação entre estes termos ea crescente importância e interesse que vêm ganhando nos negócios e no meio acadêmico da América Latina. Como resultados de busca e revisão do estado da arte dos últimos 10 anos, pode identificar insights sobre o papel importante atribuído ao conceito de Modelo de Negócio (MN) e Conceito de Cultura Organizacional (CO), que se destacam e são frequentemente identificados como comuns Elementos na implementação de inovação e desenvolvimento de vantagens competitivas em organizações que se expõem a uma dinâmica de mudança buscam entender e ajustar a pro-ambiente para garantir sua permanência no mercado.