bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Knowledge of Use of Antibiotic, Its Resistance and Consequences Among Students in Private Schools.
Authors: Deo Satish Kumar , Rijal Sita , Kunwar Sita Devi , Dahal Anuja , Gupta Sujaya 
Published: September 2018

Introduction: Self-medication among adolescents has become a serious global problem that plays an important role in irrational use of medication and tends to increase with the age of adolescents. Limited research has been done in Nepal regarding antibiotic knowledge among non-medical students. Hence, this study aims to assess the knowledge of higher secondary non-science students regarding antibiotic use, resistance and its consequences.
Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was done during antibiotic awareness week 2017 among 471 grade 11 and 12 non-science students of private schools in Kathmandu. Convenience sampling technique was used. Data was collected through self-administered questionnaires. Descriptive statistics was utilised to find out the knowledge level of the students.
Results: The mean age of the students 245 (52%) male, 226 (48%) female) was 17.19 years and 335 (71.1%) were from grade 12. Approximately all 462 (98.1%) the participants had inadequate knowledge regarding antibiotic and their knowledge mean score was 5.8±2.56. More than half 277 (58.8%) of the students had not heard about antibiotic resistance, among those who have heard 113 (24%) said that doctor and nurses were the source of information.
Conclusions: Almost all of the participating students lacked adequate knowledge regarding antibiotic. Thus, it is imperative to create school and community based awareness programs by policy makers for adolescents to upgrade their knowledge on safe use of antibiotics as well as to prevent the consequences of antibiotic resistance during their adult life.
Abdominal Cocoon Syndrome following Primary Subfertility Management with IVF-ET
Authors: Pandey Asmita , Karki Chanda , Thapa Meena 
Published: September 2018

Abdominal cocoon syndrome is a rarely encountered surgical emergency first described by Foo et al. in 1978. This condition is characterised by a thick fibrous membrane which encases the small bowel partially or completely. Diagnosis of this condition is usually made per operatively and the treatment of choice is surgical release of entrapped bowel.
This is a case report of abdominal cocoon syndrome diagnosed during laparotomy done with the provisional diagnosis of abdominal pregnancy following In vitro fertilization- embryo transfer. A 30 Years lady was admitted at Kathmandu Medical College for suspected ovarian hyper stimulation syndrome following IVF-ET.
Sub fertility is a common gynecological problem. Its management may sometimes produce challenging health hazards. Thorough screening for medical and surgical illness is very important before proceeding to any kind of assisted reproductive technologies. A multidisciplinary approach is very important to manage such cases.
Correlation of Uric Acid with Glomerular Filtration Rate in Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Khadka Milan , Pantha Binod , Karki Lochan 
Published: September 2018

Introduction: Chronic Kidney Disease is a worldwide public health problem that affects millions of people from all racial and ethnic groups. Identification of a Chronic Kidney Disease is a major risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality and is attributed to hyperuricemia. Evidences show that high serum uric acid contribute directly to glomerulosclerosis, interstitial fibrosis and atherosclerosis that correction of hyperuricemia associated with Chronic Kidney Disease will slow the progression of chronic renal failure.
Methods: A hospital based cross-sectional study on chronic kidney disease patients including 57 patients on conservative treatment attending Bir Hospital with diagnosis of chronic kidney disease was performed. Detailed clinical history, examination and investigations including uric acid were done. Chronic Kidney Disease staging was done according to estimated glomerular filtration rate estimated by Cockcroft-Gault equation. Prevalence rate of hyperuricemia in Chronic Kidney Disease and its stages were calculated and compared with each other.
Results: A total of 57 Chronic Kidney Disease cases were enrolled, with male to female ratio of 2:1 and mean age 51.63±17.75 years. Hyperuricemia was present in 55 (96.49%) of study population. Though prevalence of hyperuricemia increased with Chronic Kidney Disease stage, there was no significant difference in mean value of uric acid in different stages. Hyperuricemia and stages of Chronic Kidney Disease had negative correlation which was statistically significant.
Conclusions: Hyperuricemia is highly prevalent among Chronic Kidney Disease patients with conservative management. The severity of hyperuricemia increases as Chronic Kidney Disease stage progresses.
Efficacy of Use of Triamcinolone Ointment for Clean Intermittent Self Catheterization following Internal Urethrotomy.
Authors: Regmi Sunil , Adhikari Sunil Chandra , Yadav Saroj , Singh Rabin Raj , Bastakoti Ravi 
Published: September 2018

Introduction: Internal urethrotomy is recommended for the treatment of urethral strictures shorter than 1.5 cm but has been associated with high recurrence rates. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of use of triamcinolone ointment for clean intermittent self catheterization in the prevention of urethral stricture recurrence after internal urethrotomy.
Methods: Total of 60 male patients undergoing internal urethrotomy were assigned into two groups and clean intermittent self catheterization was performed using either triamcinolone ointment or a water-based gel for lubrication of the catheter in this randomized clinical trial. Clean intermittent self catheterization regimen was continued for 6 months and patients were followed for 12 months. Urethrocystoscopic evaluation was done 6 and 12 months postoperatively.
Results: The recurrence rates were compared between the two groups. There were no significant differences in patient characteristics and etiology of the stricture between the two groups. There was a 6 (22.22%) recurrence rate in the patients of the triamcinolone group against 13 (46.42%) in those of the control group after the first internal urethrotomy (P=0.04). After second internal urethrotomy, the urethra was stabilized in 5 (83.3%) of the patients in the triamcinolone group and 8 (61.5%) those in the control group (P=0.05). We also found a significant correlation between recurrence and stricture length (P=0.02) but the time to recurrence was not statistically significant (P=0.16).
Conclusions: The use of triamcinolone ointment in patients on CISC regimen after internal urethrotomy significantly decreased the stricture recurrence rate.
Towards a socially sustainable city concept in Vietnam - international experience, local policy making and preparatory steps
Authors: Minh Nguyen Quang 
Published: September 2018

Sustainability is a holistic concept in development studies, including urban studies, encompassing natural, technical and social aspects, and has been regarded as an ultimate goal for every nation to strive for as well as for every community to achieve in the context of global climate change, environmental crisis and social instability caused by various socio-economic factors. In addition to theoretical investigation, going for social sustainability in practice requires a well prepared action programme which should begin with learning from international experience (especially when it comes to such a new and superior development concept as social sustainability), understanding both the strengths and the weaknesses, and finding new driving forces. Given that a neighbourhood is a miniature (and a complete unit) of a city, social sustainability may be considered and experimented at the local level first. This proves to be a simpler task to fulfil, a more practical approach to a rather complex issue and a wise option to make. The author aims to analyse some of the world’s best examples before reviewing the current potentials and then comes up with a number of suggestions for the first cornerstones of the future society that will be mainly established on the basis of humanity with core social values and good individual opportunities offered to all citizens.
Keywords: social sustainability; sustainable city; neighbourhood.
The assessment of concrete quality by ultrasonic pulse velocity
Authors: An Van Viet Thien 
Published: September 2018

In the present study, the uniformity and potential internal defects of concrete elements in situ were assessed by using Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity (UPV) testing method according to TCVN 9357:2012. Thirteen cross beams with dimension of 4.8 x 1.5 x 1.5 m3 were selected to measure the pulse velocity. Three cross beams were used to check potential internal defects in concrete and 10 cross beams were used to assess the uniformity of concrete in the elements. The results showed that there is no potential internal defect with size over 100 mm in three tested beams and concrete quality of all tested beams is good with the coefficient of variation (CV) of ultrasonic pulse velocity results of all tested points is lower than 2%.
Keywords: concrete; homogeneity; internal defects; ultrasonic pulse velocity.
Influence of vertical drains on improving dredged mud by vacuum consolidation method
Authors: Dong Phan Huy 
Published: September 2018

Vacuum consolidation preloading method (VCM) has been widely adopted as an effective solution for soft soil improvement over the world. Recently, VCM has been successfully applied for improving the geotechnical properties of dredged mud, which is normally dumped at reclamation area by hydraulic pumping. However, it has been also reported that application of VCM for treatment of the dredged mud has been failed in some particular cases. The failures are mainly caused by clogging problem in vertical drains due to fine-grained soils that reduces the drainage efficiency of drainage system. To address this issue, a series of model tests have been conducted to investigate the performances of vertical drains among prefabricated vertical drain, sand drain and filter pipe. As the goal, the performances of types of the vertical drain solutions are analyzed based on the monitoring data of settlement, influencing zone surrounding the vertical drains. The test results reveal that sand drain shows the best performance among the others. In addition, the clogging problem is clearly shown in case of PVD.
Keywords: dredging slurry; vacuum consolidation method; model test; PVD; filter pipe; sand drain.
Study on quantification of areal mean precipitation using satellite-gauge merging precipitation
Authors: Hieu Bui Thi 
Published: September 2018

Satellite based precipitation product (GSMaP-MVK) can be reliably used to estimate the Areal Mean Precipitation error based on “Sample Design method” (Esdd) with the effort to mitigate the problem of sparse data, especially severe in poorly gauged river basins. In addition, the satellite-gauge merging precipitation would reduce significantly the magnitude gaps between the satellite rainfall estimations and the rain gauge data. In this study, the capability of satellite-gauge merging precipitation using GSMaP-MVK and local dense rain gauge data with bias reduction approach to evaluate the AMP is investigated. The main finding is that satellite-gauge blending data which incorporates a dense rain gauge measurements shows the better capability to evaluate AMP using Esdd index than the original satellite only precipitation estimations. However, Esdd quantification performances of satellite-gauge blending precipitation are inferior to the original satellite only precipitation product GSMaP-MVK when the number of blended rain gauges is not large enough.
Keywords: areal mean precipitation; remote sensed precipitation product; satellite-gauge merging; rainfall runoff simulations.
Idea of Transversum as Generation of Meaning Space in Transdisciplinary Experience
Authors: Kiyashchenko Larisa Pavlovna 
Published: September 2018

In article the author made an attempt to present the idea of a transversum through a conceptual row: universum, poliversum, transversuma, transinterval transversaliya through consideration of the transdisciplinary experience oriented by a recursive reflection. In this aspect the typology of interval approach as means of statement and the solution of the problems connected with a situation of the self-adjusted measure of a transversum, universal concreteness of a concept of a measure in biomedicine and ethics is offered. The version of interpretation of history of formation of bioethics from the point of view of transinterval approach is offered.
General helices that lie on the sphere $S^{2n}$ in Euclidean space $E^{2n+1}$
Authors: ALTUNKAYA Bülent , KULA Levent 
Published: September 2018

In this work, we give two methods to generate general helices that lie on the sphere $S^{2n}$ in Euclidean (2n+1)-space $E^{2n+1}$.
Posisi Politik Komisi Pemberantasan Korupsi Analisis Pemangku Kepentingan Pada Organisasi Publik
Authors: Suwarsono Suwarsono 
Published: September 2018

This paper attempts to find the political position of Komisi Pemberantasan Korupsi (The Corruption Eradication Commission) in the year of 2014. In so doing, it tries to use the stakeholders perspective as its theoretical framework which applied in public sector context. Stakeholders analysis is basically a political dimension of management. First, it shortly expouses what is meant by the stakeholders perspective. It is followed by an explanation about its mode of analysis and its strategic implication. Core of the paper is found where it explains the political position of Komisi Pemberantasan Korupsi (KPK) in its final part which includes a set of proposed strategy.
Key words: public sector, stakeholders, political position, and proposed strategy
Pengaruh Motivasi Dan Gaya Kepemimpinan Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Melalui Kepuasan Kerja Karyawan Sebagai Variabel Intervening Di Pd Bpr Bkk Wonosobo
Authors: Dewi Kristiana , Sutrischastini Ary 
Published: September 2018

Motivation and leadership styles are variables that affect the performance of the employee, either directly or indirectly through intervening variables such as job satisfaction. Number of respondents in this study 78 people were taken from all employees PD . BPR BKK Wonosobo unless the Board of Directors. Methods of data collection is done by means of a questionnaire that the results are the primary data for further analysis using multiple regression analysis and regression analysis of two lines, using SPSS.17 program. The results of analysis show that the variable motivation and leadership styles, both individually and together, the positive and significant effect on performance. Variable motivation and leadership styles together positive and significant effect on job satisfaction. Variable motivation, leadership style and job satisfaction together positive and significant effect on performance. Variable motivation and leadership styles each have a positive and significant impact indirectly on performance, through the variable job satisfaction. Through the analysis of the results of the adjusted determination coefficient (adjusted R 2) of the analytical model regesi two pathways by which performance is affected by motivation, leadership style and job satisfaction, it is known that 62.1 % of the variation in performance can be explained by the variable employee motivation, leadership style and satisfaction work; while 37.9 % is explained by other factors outside the model.
Key word : Motivation, leadership style, job satisfaction, performance
La formación del profesorado como práctica reflexiva
Authors: Medina Moya José Luis 
Published: September 2018

El saber pedagógico se caracteriza epistemológicamente como un conocimiento práctico, el cual por su propia naturaleza personal y tácita no puede ser formalizado ni transmitido, sólo puede ser demostrado. Este saber práctico reflexivo existe en la acción profesional de manera implícita y personal, y se desarrolla en una realidad compleja, incierta y saturada de valores.
En la formación del profesorado, este conocimiento práctico debería orientar el diseño y acción curricular. Más allá de preguntar cómo mejorar la “aplicación” a la práctica del conocimiento académico, deberíamos buscar maneras para que los estudiantes comprendan cómo las enfermeras expertas son capaces de manejar las zonas indeterminadas de su práctica. En este trabajo se ofrecen los fundamentos epistemológicos de las concepciones alternativas a la visión técnica dominante de la relación jerárquica entre conocimiento técnico y práctica educativa.
Fibro Osseous Lesions of The Craniofacial Structures – A Clinical Study
Authors: Rahman Mohammad Asifur , Rahman Tarin , Haider Ismat Ara 
Published: September 2018

Fibro osseous lesions area diverse group of disorders characterized by replacement of normal archi- tecture of bone by a benign connective tissue matrix that displays various amount ofmineralizationin the form of woven bone or cementum. It includes developmental, reactive and neoplastic lesions. The different type of fibro-osseous lesions express a common clinical and radiological features. Soad- equate knowledge and clinical observationare necessary for proper interpretation and appropriate diagnosis of these lesions.becausemanagement of patients with fibro-osseous lesions are case specificandindividualized.The aim of this study was to analyse the clinical, radiological and histo- pathological characteristics of fibro osseous lesions andprovide a proper management system affect- ed by this type of lesions. Materials and methods:The retrospective study was performed in the Department of Oral & Maxillofacial surgery, Dhaka Dental College and Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh from a period of January 2015 to January 2018. Patients were selected for this study based on clinical, radiological and histopathological confirmation of fibro-osseous lesion. The management of each case were plannedand follow-up data were also documented. Results: A total number of 30 patients were selected for this study.The most common fibro-osseous lesionsin this study were fibrous dyspla- sia 10 (33%) and ossifying fibroma 20 (67%).The mean age offibrous dysplasia were 17.4 years with an age range 12 to 33 years and at ossifying fibroma the mean age were 30.35 years with an age range 12 to 57 years. Female17 (57%) represented the majority of the affected patients. Fibrous dysplasia were more common in maxilla(70%) and ossifying fibroma were more common in the man- dible(60%).Surgical recontouring and clinical observation were treatment of choice infibrous dysplasia and surgical resection, enucleation and curettage were treatment of choice in ossifying fibroma. Conclusion:The most common fibro-osseous lesion in our clinical study was fibrous dysplasia and ossifying fibroma which presents painless bony swelling and deformity in maxilla and mandible. Fibrous dysplasia presents as a homogenous, radioopacity,ill defined border and ossifying fibroma presents a mixed radioopacity and radiolucent lesion that is well demarcated from normal bone. Surgi- cal recontouring and clinical observation was done in treatment of fibrous dysplasiaand ossifying fibroma wastreated enucleation and curettage, segmental resection completelyenucleatefromsur- rounding bone.Update Dent. Coll. j: 2018; 8 (1): 45-54
Sodium, Potassium, and Calcium in Europa: An Atomic Journey through Water Ice
Authors: Ozgurel Ozge , Mousis Olivier , Pauzat Françoise , Ellinger Yves , Markovits Alexis , Vance Steven , Leblanc François 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Sodium and potassium are known to be present as neutral elements in the exosphere of Europa. The question of the origin of these alkalis—endogenous or exogenous—remains open. They have been ascribed to exogenous contamination due to volcanism from nearby Io, or the accretion of meteorites and dust. However, these mechanisms fail to fit the observed sodium-to-potassium ratio. Sodium and potassium have also been considered to originate from Europa’s putative subsurface ocean, generated by past rock-water leaching. The latter scenario implies a journey of the ions and atoms throughout the ice covering Europa. This raises questions about their stability into the bulk as well as on top of ice. These questions are addressed with first principle periodic solid-state density functional theory simulations describing the relative propensities of sodium, potassium, and calcium for being trapped in the bulk. The evolution of the ionic character of these atoms is followed by means of a topological analysis as they come up to the surface of the ice crust. We find that the metals, almost totally ionized in the ice bulk (net charge ∼+0.8) where they are stabilized by ∼1 eV or more, recover a quasi-neutrality (net charge ∼+0.2) when weakly adsorbed at the surface by ∼0.15 eV. Our results are consistent with the assumption that sodium and potassium observed in Europa exosphere come from the sputtering of materials issued from the underlying ocean and exposed by resurfacing events. They also suggest that calcium should be searched for by future missions.
Modeling Star Formation as a Markov Process in a Supersonic Gravoturbulent Medium
Authors: Scannapieco Evan , Safarzadeh Mohammadtaher 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Molecular clouds exhibit log-normal probability density functions (PDF) of mass densities, which are thought to arise as a consequence of isothermal, supersonic turbulence. Star formation is then widely assumed to occur in perturbations in which gravitational collapse is faster than the rate of change due to turbulent motions. Here we use direct numerical simulations to measure this rate as a function of density for a range of turbulent Mach numbers, and show that it is faster at high densities than at low densities. Furthermore, we show that both the density PDF and rate of change arise naturally in a simple model of turbulence as a continuous Markov process. The one-dimensional Langevin equation that describes this evolution depends on only two parameters, yet it captures the full evolution seen in direct three-dimensional simulations. If it is modified to include gravity, the Langevin equation also reproduces the rate of material collapsing to high densities seen in turbulent simulations including self-gravity. When generalized to include both temperature and density, similar analyses are likely applicable throughout astrophysics.