bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MGF E peptide improves anterior cruciate ligament repair by inhibiting hypoxia‐induced cell apoptosis and accelerating angiogenesis
Authors: Sha Yongqiang , Yang Li , Lv Yonggang 
Published: October 2018

AbstractSevere hypoxic microenvironment endangers cell survival of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) fibroblasts and is harmful to ACL repair and regeneration. In the current study, we explored the effects of mechanogrowth factor (MGF) E peptide on the hypoxia‐induced apoptosis of ACL fibroblasts and relevant mechanisms. It demonstrated that severe hypoxia promoted hypoxia‐inducible factor‐1α (HIF‐1α) expression and caused cell apoptosis of ACL fibroblasts through increasing caspase 3/7/9 messenger RNA (mRNA), cleaved caspase 3 and proapoptotic proteins expression levels but decreasing antiapoptotic proteins expression levels. Fortunately, MGF E peptide effectively protected ACL fibroblasts against hypoxia‐induced apoptosis through regulating caspase 3/7/9 mRNA, cleaved caspase 3 and apoptosis‐relevant proteins expression levels. Simultaneously, mitochondrial, @@@MEK‐ERK1/2 (extracellular‐signal‐regulated kinase 1/2), and phosphoinositide‐3‐kinase‐protein kinase B (PI3K‐Akt) pathways were involved in MGF E peptide regulating hypoxia‐induced apoptosis of ACL fibroblasts. In rabbit ACL rupture model, MGF E peptide also decreased HIF‐1α expression levels, cell apoptosis, and facilitated cell proliferation. In addition, MGF could accelerate angiogenesis after ACL injury probably owing to its recruitment of proangiogenesis cells by stromal cell‐derived factor 1α/CXCR4 axis and stimulation of vascular endothelial growth factor α expression level. In conclusion, our findings suggested that MGF E peptide could be utilized for ACL repair and regeneration and supplied experimental support for its application in clinical ACL treatment as a potential strategy.
Muon disrupts AKT hydrogen bond network in cancer
Authors: Radisavljevic Ziv 
Published: October 2018

AbstractA cancer microenvironment generates strong hydrogen bond network system by the positive feedback loops supporting cancer complexity and robustness. Such network functions through the AKT locus generating high entropic energy supporting cancer metastatic robustness. Charged lepton particle muon follows the rule of Bragg effect during a collision with hydrogen network in cancer cells. Muon beam dismantles hydrogen bond network in cancer by the muon‐catalyzed fusion, leading to apoptosis of cancer cells. Muon induces cumulative energy appearance on the hydrogen bond network in a cancer cell with its fast decay to an electron and two neutrinos. Thus, muon beam, muonic atom, muon neutrino shower, and electrons simultaneously cause fast neutralization of the AKT hydrogen bond network by the conversion of hydrogen into deuterium or helium, inactivating the hydrogen bond networks and inducing failure of cancer complexity and robustness with the disappearance of a malignant phenotype.
LncRNA ENST00000453774.1 contributes to oxidative stress defense dependent on autophagy mediation to reduce extracellular matrix and alleviate renal fibrosis
Authors: Xiao Xiangcheng , Yuan Qiongjing , Chen Yusa , Huang Zhihua , Fang Xi , Zhang Haixia , Peng Ling , Xiao Ping 
Published: October 2018

AbstractAlthough long noncoding RNA (LncRNA) are important players in the initiation and progression of many pathological processes, the role of LncRNAENST00000453774.1 (LncRNA 74.1) in renal fibrosis still remains unclear. Lentivirus mediated LncRNA 74.1 overexpressing HK2 cells and overexpression mice models were constructed. HK2 cells induced by transforming growth factor‐β (TGF‐β) in vitro, and the mice UUO model in vivo were used to simulate renal fibrosis. The expression of LncRNA 74.1 was significantly downregulated in the TGF‐β‐induced HK‐2 cell fibrosis and clinical renal fibrosis specimens. LncRNA 74.1 overexpression obviously attenuated renal fibrosis in vitro and unilateral ureteral obstruction‐induced renal fibrosis in vivo. LncRNA 74.1 promoted reactive oxygen species defense by activating prosurvival autophagy then decreased ECM‐related proteins fibronectin and collagen I involved in renal fibrosis. We also found that Nrf2‐keap1 signaling played important roles in the remission of ECM mediated by LncRNA 74.1. This study indicates that LncRNA 74.1 downregulation would contribute to renal fibrosis and its overexpression might represent a novel anti‐fibrotic treatment in renal diseases.
Hepatic stellate cells regulate hepatic progenitor cells differentiation via the TGF‐β1/Jagged1 signaling axis
Authors: Aimaiti Yasen , Jin Xin , Shao Yue , Wang Wei , Li Dewei 
Published: October 2018

AbstractHepatic stellate cells (HSCs) play an important microenvironmental role in hepatic progenitor cells (HPCs) differentiation fate. To reveal the specific mechanism of HSCs induced by transforming growth factor β1 (TGF‐β1) signaling in HPCs differentiation process, we used Knockin and knockdown technologies induced by lentivirus to upregulate or downregulate TGF‐β1 level in mouse HSCs (mHSCs) (mHSCs‐TGF‐β1 or mHSCs‐TGF‐βR1sih3). Primary mouse HPCs (mHPCs) were isolated and were cocultured with mHSCs‐TGF‐β1 and mHSCs‐TGF‐βR1sih3 for 7 days. Differentiation of mHPCs was detected by quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction analysis and immunofluorence in vitro. mHPCs‐E14.5 cell lines and differently treated mHSCs were cotransplanted into mice spleens immediately after establishment of acute liver injury model for animal studies. Engraftment and differentiation of transplanted cells as well as liver function recovery were measured at the seventh day via different methods. mHSCs‐TGF‐β1 were transformed into myofibroblasts and highly expressed Jagged1, but that expression was reduced after blockage of TGF‐β1 signaling. mHPCs highly expressed downstream markers of Jagged1/Notch signaling and cholangiocyte markers (CK19, SOX9, and Hes1) after coculture with mHSCs‐TGF‐β1 in vitro. In contrast, mature hepatocyte marker (ALB) was upregulated in mHPCs in coculture conditions with mHSCs‐TGF‐βR1sih3. At the seventh day of cell transplantation assay, mHPCs‐E
14.5 engrafted and differentiated into cholangiocytes after cotransplanting with TGF‐β1‐knockin mHSCs, but the cells had a tendency to differentiate into hepatocytes when transplanted with TGF‐βR1‐knockdown mHSCs, which corresponded to in vitro studies. HSCs play an important role in regulating HPCs differentiation into cholangiocytes via the TGF‐β1/Jagged1 signaling axis. However, HPCs have a tendency to differentiate into hepatocytes after blockage of TGF‐β1 signaling in HSCs.
CCN2 promotes drug resistance in osteosarcoma by enhancing ABCG2 expression
Authors: Tsai Hsiao‐Chi , Chang An‐Chen , Tsai Chun‐Hao , Huang Yuan‐Li , Gan Lijun , Chen Chi‐Kuan , Liu Shih‐Chia , Huang Te‐Yang , Fong Yi‐Chin , Tang Chih‐Hsin 
Published: October 2018

AbstractIn recent years, osteosarcoma survival rates have failed to improve significantly with conventional treatment modalities because of the development of chemotherapeutic resistance. The human breast cancer resistance protein/ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (BCRP/ABCG2), a member of the ATP‐binding cassette family, uses ATP hydrolysis to expel xenobiotics and chemotherapeutics from cells. CCN family member 2 (CCN2) is a secreted protein that modulates the biological function of cancer cells, enhanced ABCG2 protein expression and activation in this study via the α6β1 integrin receptor and increased osteosarcoma cell viability. CCN2 treatment downregulated miR‐519d expression, which promoted ABCG2 expression. In a mouse xenograft model, knockdown of CCN2 expression increased the therapeutic effect of doxorubicin, which was reversed by ABCG2 overexpression. Our data show that CCN2 increases ABCG2 expression and promotes drug resistance through the α6β1 integrin receptor, whereas CCN2 downregulates miR‐519d. CCN2 inhibition may represent a new therapeutic concept in osteosarcoma.
A dual role of cholesterol in osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow stromal cells
Authors: Li Kun , Xiu Chunmei , Zhou Qiang , Ni Li , Du Jun , Gong Tingting , Li Meng , Saijilafu  , Yang Huilin , Chen Jianquan 
Published: October 2018

AbstractOsteoblasts, the chief bone‐forming cells, are differentiated from mesenchymal stromal/stem cells. Disruption of this differentiation process can cause osteoporosis, a bone disease characterized by low bone mass and deteriorated bone structure. Cholesterol has been implicated in pathogenesis of osteoporosis, and was recently identified as an endogenous activator of Hedgehog (Hh) signaling. However, its pathological and physiological roles in osteoblast differentiation are still poorly understood. Moreover, it is unclear whether these potential roles played by cholesterol are related to its capability to modulate Hh pathway. In this study, we investigated the role of exogenous versus endogenous cholesterol in osteogenesis and Hh pathway activation using ST2 cells, a bone marrow stromal cell line. We found that exogenous cholesterol significantly inhibited alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and messenger RNA expression of osteoblast markers genes (Alpl, Sp7, and Ibsp) while modestly activating expression of Gli1 (a readout of Hh signaling) under both basal osteogenic culture condition and Wnt3a treatment. Similarly, exogenous cholesterol suppressed osteogenic response of ST2 cells to sonic Hh (Shh) or purmorphamine (Purmo) treatment, which, however, was accompanied by diminished induction of Gli1, indicating the involvement of a Hh‐dependent mechanism. Interestingly, depletion of endogenous cholesterol also reduced Shh‐induced ALP activity and Gli1 expression. Likewise, cholesterol depletion inhibited osteogenic response to Purmo, although it did not affect Gli1 induction. Taken together, our findings have demonstrated that cholesterol plays a dual role in osteoblast differentiation likely through both Hh‐dependent and ‐independent mechanisms.
Tolerance of Hydrolyzed Liquid Protein Fortified Human Milk and Effect on Growth in Premature Infants
Authors: Shakeel Fauzia , Newkirk Melanie , Altoubah Taymeyah , Martinez Denise , Amankwah Ernest K 
Published: October 2018

AbstractBackgroundWe evaluated tolerance of hydrolyzed liquid protein (LP) supplement added to fortified human milk (HM) to optimize protein intake in preterm infants.MethodsA prospective observational study of 31 subjects compared with 31 historic controls, receiving mothers own milk (MOM) and/or donor milk (DM) to assess LP tolerance, growth, and risk for morbidities was conducted. Milk was analyzed for nutrient content. Feeding intolerance, defined as cessation of feedings for ≥48 hours, abdominal distension and/or residuals, necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), and metabolic acidosis were used to assess safety, while weight and head circumference (HC) were used to evaluate growth.ResultsLP added to powder‐fortified HM had no impact on feeding intolerance and NEC. Biochemical parameters showed no metabolic acidosis: blood urea nitrogen levels (first week: median, 13 mg/dL; interquartile range [IQR], 9–16; last week: median, 13 mg/dL; IQR, 10.3–14; P = .94), bicarbonate levels (first week: median, 26.3 mEq/L; IQR, 24–28; last week: median, 28 mEq/L; IQR, 26.3–29.8; P = .10), and pH levels (first week: median, 7.4; IQR, 7.3–7.4; last week: median, 7.4; IQR, 7.37–7.40; P = .5). Weight and HC were not statistically significant. HM analysis showed lower protein and caloric content, respectively (MOM: 0.88 vs DM: 0.77 g/100 mL; P < .0001 and MOM: 18.68 vs DM: 17.96 kcal/oz; P = .02).ConclusionsHydrolyzed LP is well tolerated in preterm infants with no difference in growth rates. Clinicians should focus on the need to maximize both protein and energy to optimize growth.
Synthesis and characterization of antimicrobial polylactide via ring‐opening polymerization and click chemistry methods
Authors: Aynali Figen , Doganci Erdinc , Doruk Tugrul , Sadikoglu Hasan 
Published: October 2018

AbstractNovel biodegradable polylactide (PLA) copolymers bearing pendant antimicrobial agent groups were successfully fabricated with a combination of ring‐opening copolymerization and copper(I)‐catalysed azide–alkyne cycloaddition click reaction in a two‐step reaction procedure. First, biodegradable PLA copolymers bearing azido groups were synthesized by the ring‐opening copolymerization ofl‐lactide and 2,2‐ bis(azidomethyl)trimethylene carbonate in the presence of 1‐dodecanol as protic co‐initiator and tin(II) 2‐ethylhexanoate (Sn(Oct)2) as the catalyst. Then, alkyne functionalized quaternary ammonium salts were attached onto the azido groups of the copolymers via a Huisgen 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition reaction to give PLA imparting antimicrobial activity. The chemical structure and composition of the copolymers were clearly confirmed using1H NMR and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopies and gel permeation chromatography. Thermal phase transition temperatures (TmandTg) and the thermal stability of the polymers were investigated by DSC and TGA experiments, respectively. The antimicrobial activity tests were carried out against Gram‐negative (Escherichia coli) and Gram‐positive (Staphylococcus aureus) bacteria by the drop plate method. It was observed that antimicrobial agents are more active in the polymeric form than in the monomeric form. Also, the activity depends on the compositional ratio and the length of the alkyl group on the ammonium salts. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Beyond HAZOP: Analyzing common cause and system scenarios
Authors: Roche Eloise , Dupont Watson , Summers Angela 
Published: October 2018

A production operation often consists of multiple unit operations, supported by plant‐wide services such as instrument air, power, electronic communications, and cooling water. The production operation can be covered by multiple risk studies, which divide up the production operation based on nontechnical reasons, such as unit management, study length, and convenience. The use of multiple studies is particularly common with large production units or with integrated packaged equipment. The “divide and conquer” approach to the studies is good for planning and execution, but the resulting “pieces and parts” analysis can allow significant common cause scenarios to get lost in the clutter. Traditional HAZOP approaches generally focus on pairing individual causes with deviations and consequences. This traditional approach can result in inadequate consideration of more complex scenarios, such as those involving:
Multiple automated system actions
Global loss of service
Transference of risk
These complex scenarios are often interrelated and thus are not well suited for analysis by HAZOP procedures that mandate a single cause‐consequence relationship. This article will propose extensions to the typical HAZOP process to address these challenges in a more holistic manner. © 2018 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Process Saf Prog 38: e11997, 2019
pH‐Driven Precise Control of Hybridization Reaction Kinetics for Rapid DNA Assay
Authors: Yan Yishu , Lu Yuan , Liu Xiaoni , Zhang Yan , Chen Jinghua 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe development of DNA assays based on gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) holds great promise for point‐of‐care diagnosis at molecular level; nevertheless, how to accelerate the hybridization reaction rates, and design rapid DNA assay in aqueous solution remains challenging. Herein, a pH switchable AuNP aggregation system, functionalized with compound Y1, was set up. This method provided an elegant strategy for the precise control of DNA hybridization reaction kinetics when Y1 was co‐functionalized with ssDNA on the AuNPs. Using this strategy, real‐time DNA detection was realized by simply adjusting the pH value of the solution without affecting the sensitivity. Particularly worth mentioning, this system maintained high specificity, and were capable of accurately discriminating against single‐based mismatched sequences. In total, this system significantly improved the rapidity and robustness of ssDNA modified AuNPs, providing sound basis for the low‐cost, and disposable molecular diagnosis design.
Organic Cross‐Linker Enabling a 3D Porous Skeleton–Supported Na3V2(PO4)3/Carbon Composite for High Power Sodium‐Ion Battery Cathode
Authors: Wang Enhui , Chen Mingzhe , Liu Xiaohong , Liu Yumei , Guo Haipeng , Wu Zhenguo , Xiang Wei , Zhong Benhe , Guo Xiaodong , Chou Shulei , Dou Shi‐Xue 
Published: October 2018

AbstractCathodes with high energy density and good structural stability are needed for sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs) to be applied in energy storage field. Herein, a 3D porous skeleton–supported Na3V2(PO4)3/carbon composite (NVP@C‐3DPS) is synthesized via a simple sol–gel method by introducing an appropriate amount of citric acid as organic cross‐linker. The generated interlinking gel provides extensive support that orients the NVP crystal growth along the ductile carbon framework, directly exposing the active material to electrolyte. Field‐emission scanning electron microscopy results reveal that the hierarchical pores (macro and meso) are interconnected by the gel skeleton, with their thickness ranging from 50 to 300 nm. Thus, advantages are achieved, including a highly conductive continuous network, effective electrolyte contact surface areas, and short Na‐ion transfer distance. Moreover, the cross‐linking and porous property on the nanoscale gives very superior barrier‐free Na‐ion diffusion. Consequently, the NVP@C‐3DPS electrode exhibits excellent electrochemical performance, including superior high‐rate capacity (78 mA h g−1 at 192 C, approaching 76.9% of the initial capability of 98.6 mA h g−1 at 0.5 C), remarkable cycling stability (98.4% retention after 800 cycles at 1 C, 91.4% retention after 2000 cycles at 10 C), and outstanding high‐rate endurance (76.0% capacity retentions after 3000 cycles at 100 C).
As Easy as ABC? Teaching and Learning About Letters in Early Literacy
Authors: Kaye Elizabeth L. , Lose Mary K. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractLetter learning is nuanced, complex, and essential to the development of an effective literacy processing system. Forming and naming letters, rapidly differentiating between visually similar letters, and recognizing their sound correspondences are foundational to becoming a reader and writer. Indeed, control over letters affects monitoring, searching, and self‐correcting in reading and writing. The authors argue for (a) assessment that monitors evolving letter knowledge, (b) instruction that is focused and brief and capitalizes on students’ unique strengths and ways of knowing, and (c) isolated letter work that is balanced with the use of authentic texts. Transcripts of teacher–student interactions during reading and writing, personal alphabet books, magnetic letter sorts, and links to teacher resources illustrate how letter learning can be fostered in a variety of activity settings while ensuring student engagement and supporting overall literacy development.
Dietary patterns and β‐amyloid deposition in aging Australian women
Authors: Hill Edward , Clifton Peter , Goodwill Alicia M. , Dennerstein Lorraine , Campbell Stephen , Szoeke Cassandra 
Published: October 2018

AbstractIntroductionEvidence indicates that associations between diet and Alzheimer's disease may occur through biomarker pathways such as amyloid‐β (Aβ); however, few studies have investigated dietary/Aβ relationships, and no study has investigated this relationship in women.MethodsDietary patterns were extrapolated for 115 participants from the Women's Health Aging Project. Aβ deposition was measured via in vivo F‐18 florbetaben positron emission tomography scanning.ResultsParticipants were, on average, aged 70 years (±2.63 SD), had 13 years of education (±3.57 SD), a BMI of 28 kg/m2 (±5.46 SD), and a daily energy intake of 5161 kJ (±1679.03 SD). Four dietary patterns were identified: high fat, Mediterranean, junk food, and low fat. Adherence to the junk food diet was a significant predictor of Aβ deposition (β = .10, P = .03).DiscussionThis study highlights the potential of diet to influence neurodegenerative disease and as a potential modifiable lifestyle risk factor for Alzheimer's disease.
Correlates of expected eMental Health intervention uptake among Filipino domestic workers in China
Authors: Hall Brian J. , Shi Wei , Garabiles Melissa R. , Chan Edward W. W. 
Published: October 2018

Background.Transnational migrant populations face critical barriers to mental health service utilization that perpetuate mental health disparities globally. Overseas Filipino workers (OFWs) number over 2 million globally and 25% are female domestic workers. Structural barriers prevent equitable access to mental health services for this population. Electronic mental health (eMental Health) intervention is a scalable alternative to face-to-face treatment. The current study sought to identify key correlates of intention to use eMental Health within a community of female Filipino domestic workers living and working in Macao (SAR), China.Methods.Respondent-driven sampling implemented at a community field site was used to reach a sample of 1364 female domestic workers. A multivariable adjusted partial proportional-odds (PPO) model was used to assess relevant correlates of intent to use eMental Health.Results.The majority (62.8%) reported being likely to utilize eMental Health. The adjusted PPO model showed that younger age (18–25, 26–35, 36–45v.over 55), longer time as an OFW, being likely (v.neutral and unlikely) to seek professional services, willingness to pay for services (v.not), belief that mental health services are a priority (v.low priority), having access to Wi-Fi outside the employer's home (v.not), and higher levels of social support were associated with increased odds of intent to use eMental Health.Conclusions.eMental Health is a promising intervention with high potential for uptake among OFWs. The majority of the study population owned a smartphone and were able to connect to the Internet or Wi-Fi. Future work will rigorously evaluate eMental Health programs for use among OFWs.