bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk management of educational projects: substantiation of essential semantic units
Authors: Prichinin A. E. 
Published: November 2024

Importance. The scale of implementation of educational projects in the Russian Federation is growing. Various federal projects, roadmaps for the development of education, strategies and policies for shaping the future of education, etc. are being developed. The results of our own research on risk management of educational projects are compared with the essential features characterising the current state of risk management of educational projects. The aim of the research is to substantiate the essential features identified and formulated in the course of this study, reflecting the meanings and values of the process of risk management of educational projects Materials and Methods. Texts of scientific articles, documents of applications for the status of the republican innovation site, documents summarising the work experience of the contestants in the field of educational projects in the republican contest “Teacher of the Year of the UR”, documents regulating educational projects within the framework of the National Project “Education”, documents aimed at the development of pedagogical education and training of pedagogical staff, texts of educational programmes of higher education–bachelor’s, master’s, and postgraduate courses. The research has been carried out using the methods of content analysis, critical discourse, reflexive problematisation, comparison and synthesis. Results and Discussion. The semantic units of the construct “risk management of educational projects” are highlighted and classified, and the results of our own research on each semantic unit are collated with the actual state of risk management processes. The study demonstrates that the risk management of educational projects is changing, the expert community is including risk management as an integral element in its activities, while the institutionalisation of risk management of educational projects is in the stage of methodological development.Conclusion. The activity of the subject of the educational project already includes risk management, while the process is built on the conscious use of an interdisciplinary approach, requiring special training, including the subject's awareness of the norms, rules, and regularities of risk management.
Implementation of Internet and digital technologies in school education in the Republic of Ghana
Authors: Danilova L. N. 
Published: November 2024

Importance. The power of the Internet enables universal literacy, access to education for girls and children with disabilities, etc. The study aims to analyse the implementation of Internet and digital technologies into Ghana’s schools, which reveals the problems of this area, national specifics of integration, and ambitious projects of the government.Materials and Methods. Based on comparative, sociological, statistical, and factor analysis, the educational documentation of Ghana, some international organisations, Ghanaian research, sociological surveys, reports from official departments, and feedback from students, teachers, and the media on the issue of digital technologies in schools have been studied.Results and Discussion. National statistics on access to the Internet and the use of digital technologies by citizens in everyday life and on access and digital skills of Ghanaian teachers are analysed. The factors determining implementation of the Internet and technologies in Ghana’s society have been identified. The problems hindering digital integration in the school education system of Ghana have been identified. The legal framework for the digitalisation of Ghanaian education has been defined. The most significant projects of general education digitalisation are characterised and analysed.Conclusion. Ghana has developed their information and communications technology policy that includes education digitalisation, which directions are appropriate infrastructure, educational environment, professional development of teachers, and development of schoolchildren's digital skills. They are supported legislatively, financially, and methodically; the authorities and public organisations implement different significant projects related to digital and technology Internet access. However, most of them are aimed only at certain small student groups, keeping many schoolchildren outside the technological modernization. Organisational difficulties that create such a contradiction include material and financial deficits of education and subjective rejection.
From ideological uniformity to thematic diversity. Some reflections on the modern historiography of the New Economic Policy
Authors: Nikulin V. V. 
Published: November 2024

Importance. Analysis of modern historiography of the New Economic Policy makes it possible to assess the state of research on this science topic, identify the strengths and weaknesses of the historiographic process, and define promising areas of research. It is believed that the conducted analysis will help young researchers update their original scientific research.Materials and Methods. The methodological approach to the analysis of literature, due to the presence of a vast number of publications, which makes a detailed historiographic analysis almost impossible, is based on a selection method, when the most authoritative publications are analysed, the assessments and conclusions of which have determined the angle of subsequent research. The second method is to focus on specific research areas that are clearly manifested in the modern historiographic process.Results and Discussion. Modern historiography of the New Economic Policy is extensive both in thematic diversity and the degree of study of research issues. The study process continues; the New Economic Policy topics are far from exhausted and remain attractive to researchers. The re search process becomes methodologically multifaceted, more multidimensional in terms of sources, and interdisciplinary in content. The result of the modern historiographic process can be considered the development of a more realistic position in assessing the historical model of the New Economic Policy with all its elements.Conclusion. The results of the study make it possible to give a realistic picture of the state of the modern historiographic process, identify new methodological approaches to the study of the New Economic Policy problems, expand the thematic diversity and pay attention to the problems in this historiographic segment.
Demographic profile of the “revolutionary turning point” generation of the Russian village in the first half of the 1920s
Authors: Ippolitov V. A. , Bezgin V. B. 
Published: November 2024

Importance. The demographic portrait of peasantry in the first half of the 1920s is examined. The relevance of the study is due to the need for a comprehensive study of the Russian peasantry of the “revolutionary turning point” generation (born at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries). The pur pose of the research is to provide a detailed demographic description of the specified age cohort of rural society during a period of large-scale socio-political upheavals.Materials and Methods. The authors focus on the main demographic indicators: birth rate, mor tality, marriage rate, and natural population growth. In order to determine the factors that influ enced the model of demographic behaviour of peasants, statistical collections for the Voronezh, Oryol, Kursk, and Tambov provinces are analysed. These sources are characterised by the pres ence of objective data on the population with minimal ideological distortions. The paper uses a wide range of materials based on censuses, surveys, special studies, and observations. The works of prominent ethnographers of the 1920s are also considered.Results and Discussion. The authors have analysed the demographic behaviour of the “revolu tionary turning point” generation during the new economic policy period. The influence of wars and revolutions on the family behaviour of peasants is studied. The features of marriage and di vorce are considered. The specifics of compensatory birth rate after a series of wars are examined. The main causes of mortality among peasants of the “revolutionary turning point” generation are established. The factors increasing life expectancy and decreasing the mortality rate of the rural population have also been determined.Conclusion. Based on a wide range of sources, the conclusion is made about the contradictory model of demographic behaviour of peasants of this generation, which combined elements of tra ditionalism and modernist features.
Modern approaches to the study of collectivization in the context of modernization theories
Authors: Goncharova I. V. , Chuwardin G. S. 
Published: November 2024

Importance. The key issue in Russia’s history has always been the agrarian question, which took the form of the collectivization of peasant agriculture in the 1930s. Late in the 20th and the first quarter of the 21st centuries, when a lot of new archive sources were involved in open circulation, the issue of transforming agrarian relations became the core of public and scholarly discourse. The purpose of the study is to analyse and systematise modern research approaches to the study of the collectivization process in the Soviet Union in the late 1920s–1930s in the context of modernization processes.Materials and Methods. An interdisciplinary methodological approach is used in the research: the works of historians, sociologists, and cultural scientists on the problems of collectivization and modernization are analyzed. Methods of comparative and structural analysis are used in the study of historiography.Results and Discussion. The publications of historians from the late 1980s to the 2020s devoted to “the great break” in the life of the Russian village are studied. Based on a comprehensive approach to the problem of collectivization, the versatility and interrelationships of various scientific views are highlighted; the research demonstrates that collectivization is not merely a local historical phenomenon but is a part of a broader, global process of modernization of Russia.Conclusion. The agrarian issue of Russian history and historiography is a multifaceted topic essential for understanding the economic, social, and cultural processes of Russia. In the postPerestroika period, “the great break” has been re-evaluated. At first, it was heavily criticised, but later the objective reasons for the creation of the collective farm system were recognised. In modern historiography, collectivization is considered in the context of modernization of Russia, emphasizing the continuity of the pre-revolutionary and post-revolutionary periods.
History of economic and demographic development of the Chinese northeastern province of Liaoning (1954–1978)
Authors: Makeeva S. B. 
Published: November 2024

Importance. Studying the Chinese province of Liaoning’s economic and demographic development history allows us to trace the origin of current problems related to the migration of the Chinese population to the eastern and south-eastern provinces and the decline in the birth rate throughout China. The economic and demographic development of Liaoning Province after the founding of the People’s Republic of China in 1949 until the start of the “reform and opening up” policy in 1978, was characterized by the processes of economic development and the formation of industrial infrastructure. The research aims to examine the history of the economic and demographic development of Liaoning Province in the context of the formation and functioning of northeast China's industrial base from 1954 to 1978.Materials and Methods. The study uses materials from the population censuses of the People’s Republic of China for 1953, 1964; five-year plans (1953–1957, 1958–1962, 1966–1970, 1971–1975, 1976–1980); statistical collection on the industrial development of Chinese provinces from 1949 to 1989; statistical collections of Liaoning Province. The main research methods in preparing the study were historical-genetic and statistical.Results and Discussion. In the process of reviewing the history of economic and demographic development of Liaoning Province from 1954 to 1978. several stages are identified: 1. 1953–1957 – economic and demographic development of Liaoning province during the implementation of the first five-year plan; 2. 1958–1966 – development in difficult conditions of industrial transformations; 3. 1966–1978 – development during the years of the “Cultural Revolution” and the transition to the policy of “reform and opening up”.Conclusion. The formation of Liaoning as an important industrial base of China from 1953 to 1957. had an impact on strengthening the economic potential of the province and the growth of its population due to the migration influx of young qualified personnel from all over China to Liaoning. The unprecedented growth of steel enterprises, as well as three years of natural disasters (1959, 1960, 1961) were reflected in a decline in the birth rate and a decrease in the natural increase in the population of Liaoning Province in 1958–1966. During the Cultural Revolution, the development of Liaoning was accompanied by a decrease in the share of the metallurgical industry and an increase in mechanical engineering. The pace of technological industrial renewal slows down, and the number of skilled workers arriving in Liaoning declined. These processes and the introduction of family planning policies in China were reflected in a decrease in the birth rate and natural population growth in the province.
Escalation of the Palestinian-Israeli conflict: operation “Home and Garden”
Authors: Ermakov A. A. , Ryzhov I. V. 
Published: November 2024

Importance. The escalation of the Palestinian-Israeli conflict, which acquired particular attention after the outbreak of war between Israel and the Hamas movement at the end of 2023, is examined. The purpose of the study is to identify the features of the Jennine invasion as a prerequisite for the conflict development towards large-scale escalation between Palestine and Israel.Research methods. The research is based on the objectivity, historicism and a systematic approach principles. Along with general scientific methods, such as analysis and comparison, historical-comparative, retrospective, synchronous methods are used, without which it would be impossible to study the events that took place simultaneously in both parts of the Palestinian arena (in the Gaza Strip and the West Bank).Result and Discussion. It is noted that the operation “Home and Garden”, as well as the events around it, clearly demonstrated the significant capabilities that West Bank radicals currently possess in the armed struggle against the Israelis, such as the ability to produce war weapons in large quantities on their own. The radicals have limited resources for military preparations, so the ability to manufacture means of armed struggle is necessary to effectively confront the Israelis. In addition, missile weapons can only be an addition to other, more necessary, means of armed struggle. Nowadays, the priority for operating in the West Bank radicals is the underground infrastructure deployment that can provide them with additional opportunity to maneuver forces and means during the confrontation with Israeli security forces.Conclusion. It is noted that the operation “Home and Garden” is of particular importance due to the forces and means involved in its implementation and its results; it should be considered the main episode of the campaign in the Jenin area. The actions of the Israeli security forces weakened the radicals position, which subsequently simplified the maintenance of armed confrontation in the West Bank of Jordan at a level acceptable to Tel Aviv, while significant Israeli forces were involved in the fight against the radicals of the Gaza Strip and Hezbollah, and the possibility maneuvering of these forces and means was limited due to the synchronicity of the armed confrontation in the Palestinian and Lebanese directions.
FEATURES OF USING SURFACTANTS TO INTENSIFY THE OPERATION OF WATERED WELLS
Authors: Burova Maryna , Yatskevych Olena , Varavina Olena 
Published: November 2024

At the late stage of field development, the reservoir pressure drops. For various reasons, liquid begins to rise into the bottomhole zone of the formation, which may entail a sharp drop in the gas well production rate and a reduction in the well life. There are many methods of flooded wells operating, among which the method of using foaming surfactants has recently become increasingly widespread. This paper examines the reasons for the influx of liquid into the wellbore, as well as the features of the use of foaming surfactants to intensify gas production from flooded wells. In addition, an overview was made of various types of foaming surfactants used to intensify gas production by removing liquid from flooded wells, their advantages and disadvantages, and the feasibility of using certain types of foaming surfactants was considered, depending on the mineralization of the liquid and the presence of gas condensate in its composition. An algorithm for selecting foaming surfactants to remove liquid from the bottomhole is presented. The requirements for foaming surfactant compositions are set forth. Processes occurring at application of foaming surfactants for liquid removal from wellbore are described. Parameters characterizing properties of foaming surfactants solutions and factors influencing foaming properties of surfactants are indicated. Methods of injecting aqueous solutions of surfactants into production wells are described. The technology of gas well bottomhole treatment with liquid surfactants, methods of process control, as well as problems that may arise when using surfactants are described.
CIRCULAR BUSINESS MODELS IN AGRICULTURE: ELEMENTS, CREATION DRIVERS AND APPLICATION PERSPECTIVES
Authors: Kuzoma Vitalii , Spivak Vadim 
Published: November 2024

The article reveals the organizational and economic principles regarding the elements and drivers of creating circular business models in the agri-food sector of Ukraine. It substantiates the perspective business models of the circular economy for the agri-food sector of Ukraine. It is substantiated that circular business models are new ways of organizing economic ties within the agri-food system, which are tolerant towards the environment and natural resources and form prerequisites for increasing social well-being. The factors that become drivers for the creation of circular business models for the agri-food sector are determined; it is proved that the key to them is the consumer behavior of buyers and the level of social responsibility since consumer behavior and business interests must achieve a balance under the conditions that the result of the system will satisfy all interested parties. The elements of the circular business model of the agri-food sector are defined and focus on specific tools related to the R principles of creating, offering, and realizing value. Prospective agro-circular economy business models for the agri-food sector of Ukraine have been identified, namely: organic farming model, natural farming model, agroforestry improvement, biomass use, innovations in food packaging, eco-design, integrated system of organic farming, integration of value chains within agriculture and the agro-food sector, models of ecological bioprocessing of waste and resources. Modern problems of implementing circular models in the practice of business entities of the agro-food sector are outlined. Their solution is substantiated within the framework of a complex systemic approach to the management of circular transformations, which should be implemented at all levels of economic management and contribute to the achievement of a single strategic goal - increasing the level of sustainability of the domestic agro-food sector and the national economy as a whole.
Knowledge, attitude, and practice of frailty management among clinical nurses: A cross-sectional study
Authors: huang Xueyan , Zhou Haifang , Feng Ying , Li Mengchi , Wang Rui , Ge Fang , Lu Lumeng , Chen Jian’ao , Jiang Wenhui 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Frailty is a leading risk factor of falls, incapacitation, functional decline, and even death in aging populations globally. Clinical nurses play pivotal roles in screening, prevention, and intervention to reverse or slow the progression of frailty. Therefore, it is essential to clarify knowledge of, attitudes towards, and practices of frailty management among clinical nurses.
Methods
Questionnaire surveys were sent electronically to clinical nurses in a tertiary hospital in Zhejiang Province, China. The survey instruments included a questionnaire inquiring about the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of nurses in terms of frailty management, a demographic data form, and a self-designed frailty educational information questionnaire. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, univariate analysis, multiple linear regression, and structural equation modeling.The STROBE checklist was used for the reporting of this study.
Results
Of 524 nurses, Only 37.2% were rated as good in terms of knowledge, attitude, and practice of frailty management, while 55.7% were rated as moderate. Among them, the proportion of nurses with good knowledge (10.30%) and practical skills (13.4%) is much lower than their attitude (67.82%). Structural equation modeling found that knowledge and attitudes were related to frailty management practices, with significant associations between knowledge and attitudes. Attitude exerted a partial mediating effect on the pathway from knowledge to practice, accounting for 20.03% of the total effect. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that age, organizational support, familiarity with relevant guidelines, familiar with the term frailty, and department all had a significant effect on the total score.
Conclusions
Despite inadequate knowledge and limited experience in frailty management, clinical nurses’ attitudes towards frailty management were positive, indicating potential for improvement. The model was useful to explain practices in frailty management, thereby providing a theoretical basis for development of targeted training programs.
Clinical trial number:
not applicable.