bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The relationship between dental implant papilla and dental implant mucosa around single‐tooth implant in the esthetic area: A retrospective study
Authors: Garabetyan Julia , Malet Jacques , Kerner Stéphane , Detzen Laurent , Carra Maria Clotilde , Bouchard Philippe 
Published: September 2019

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of the present study was (a) to evaluate the relationship between dental implant mucosa and dental implant papilla levels; and (b) to identify the clinical parameters associated with peri‐implant soft tissue stability over time.Materials and methodsThis is a retrospective study on a cohort of patients seeking a single‐tooth implant therapy in a private practice in the Paris area. Two independent examiners analyzed photographs and radiographs taken the day of definitive crown load (baseline) and the last follow‐up visit (at least 12 months later) in order to measure four peri‐implant soft and hard tissue parameters.ResultsSeventy‐four patients corresponding to 90 implants were analyzed. During a mean follow‐up of 53.88 months, five implants (5.6%) presented with an apical displacement of the mid‐facial marginal mucosal level of at least 1 mm. Changes in the mid‐facial mucosa level were explained by changes in (a) the keratinized tissue height over time (p < .0001); (b) changes in the papilla height (p < .0001); and (c) by the periodontal phenotype (p = .007). A significant difference between papillae that gain in height (n = 85) and papilla that lost height (n = 78) was observed concerning (a) the timing of the implant placement (p = .019); and (b) the presence of an incomplete papilla fill (distance from the top of the papilla to the contact point) at baseline (p = .004).ConclusionsThe present findings indicate a dependent association between dental implant mucosa and dental implant papilla levels. Stability of peri‐implant soft tissues depends on periodontal phenotype, keratinized tissue height and papilla height.
Lack of gene flow between Phytophthora infestans populations of two neighboring countries with the largest potato production
Authors: Wang Yan‐Ping , Xie Jia‐Hui , Wu E‐Jiao , Yahuza Lurwanu , Duan Guo‐Hua , Shen Lin‐Lin , Liu Hao , Zhou Shi‐Hao , Nkurikiyimfura Oswald , Andersson Björn , Yang Li‐Na , Shang Li‐Ping , Zhu Wen , Zhan Jiasui 
Published: September 2019

AbstractGene flow is an important evolutionary force that enables adaptive responses of plant pathogens in response to changes in the environment and plant disease management strategies. In this study, we made a direct inference concerning gene flow in the Irish famine pathogen Phytophthora infestans between two of its hosts (potato and tomato) as well as between China and India. This was done by comparing sequence characteristics of the eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha (eEF‐1α) gene, generated from 245 P. infestans isolates sampled from two countries and hosts. Consistent with previous results, we found that eEF‐1α gene was highly conserved and point mutation was the only mechanism generating any sequence variation. Higher genetic variation was found in the eEF‐1α sequences in the P. infestans populations sampled from tomato compared to those sampled from potato. We also found the P. infestans population from India displayed a higher genetic variation in the eEF‐1α sequences compared to China. No gene flow was detected between the pathogen populations from the two countries, which is possibly attributed to the geographic barrier caused by Himalaya Plateau and the minimum cross‐border trade of potato and tomato products. The implications of these results for a sustainable management of late blight diseases are discussed.
The influence of MC1R on dermal morphological features of photo‐exposed skin in women revealed by reflectance confocal microscopy and optical coherence tomography
Authors: Guida Stefania , Ciardo Silvana , De Pace Barbara , De Carvalho Nathalie , Peccerillo Francesca , Manfredini Marco , Farnetani Francesca , Chester Johanna , Kaleci Shaniko , Manganelli Michele , Guida Gabriella , Pellacani Giovanni 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R) gene is one of the major determinants of skin pigmentation. It is a highly polymorphic gene and some of its polymorphisms have been related to specific skin phenotypes, increased risk of skin cancers and skin photoageing. Currently, its contribution to changes in dermal features in photo‐exposed skin is unknown.ObjectiveThe main objective of this study is to evaluate the potential correlation between MC1R status and specific healthy photo‐exposed skin characteristics.Materials and methodsSkin facial features were estimated by evaluation with standard digital photography with automated features count, reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) in 100 healthy women. Skin of the forearms was used as a control.ResultsThe study found an association between RHC MC1R polymorphisms and dermal features in photo‐exposed areas being represented by increased vessel density and pixel density in OCT (P = .025 and P = .001, respectively) and increased coarse collagen in RCM (P = .034), as compared to non‐RHC subjects. To our knowledge this is previously unreported. Additionally, previously reported correlations between light hair colour and pigmented spots with MC1R RHC polymorphisms have been confirmed.ConclusionsOur results suggest the role of RHC MC1R variants in dermal variations of facial skin, as compared to non‐RHC variants. To our knowledge this is previously unreported.
Tanshinone IIA reduces palmitate‐induced apoptosis via inhibition of endoplasmic reticulum stress in HepG2 liver cells
Authors: Wang Junjian , Hu Rui , Yin Chunyan , Xiao Yanfeng 
Published: September 2019

AbstractResearch has indicated that stress on the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of a cell affects the pathogenesis of metabolic disorders such as obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Palmitate, a saturated fatty acid, is known to induce toxicity and cell death in various types of cells. Tanshinone IIA (Tan IIA), one of the effective components of the traditional Chinese medicine Danshen, was reported to exhibit a variety of biochemical activities, including amelioration of ER stress‐mediated apoptosis in renal preservation. To address the hypothesis that tan IIA attenuates apoptosis and triglycerides (TG) accumulation via reducing ER stress, we studied the effect of tan IIA on experimentally induced ER stress using palmitate in HepG2 cells. Palmitate led to cytotoxicity, TG accumulation, and apoptosis in HepG2 cells and also strongly induced ER stress indicated by increased GRP78, phosphorylation of eIF2α, ATF6, and CHOP. Pretreatment with tan IIA (10 μm) significantly increased cell viability, decreased apoptotic cell death, and reduced the activity of caspase‐3. Meanwhile, tan IIA significantly decreased palmitate‐induced TG accumulation. Moreover, tan IIA significantly suppressed the phosphorylation of eIF2α, and inhibited GRP78, ATF6, and CHOP expression. In conclusion, tan IIA protects the HepG2 cells exposed to palmitate partially by inhibiting excessive ER stress, ER stress‐induced apoptosis, and hepatic steatosis. Therefore, tan IIA has therapeutic potential in the treatment of NAFLD.
Glossary for systematic reviews and meta‐analyses
Authors: Nagendrababu V. , Dilokthornsakul P. , Jinatongthai P. , Veettil S. K. , Pulikkotil S. J. , Duncan H. F. , Dummer P. M. H. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractA systematic review aims to answer a focussed research question through a structured review of the evidence, using a predefined methodology, which often includes a meta‐analysis. A meta‐analysis is a statistical method used to combine the effect estimates from the individual studies included in a systematic review. Systematic reviews and meta‐analyses are positioned at the highest level in the hierarchy of clinical evidence. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) statement was introduced in 2009 to help authors improve the quality and reliability of systematic reviews and meta‐analyses. Recently, the volume of systematic reviews and meta‐analyses in the field of Endodontology has increased; however, the quality of the published manuscripts has been reported to be sub‐optimal, which does not take account of the systematic reviews that were rejected because of more obvious deficiencies. The aim of this paper is to present a comprehensive glossary of terminology commonly used in systematic reviews and meta‐analyses in an attempt to provide easily understood definitions and explanations to assist authors when reporting systematic reviews and meta‐analyses and to allow those wishing to read them to become better informed.
Microstructure, properties, and application of low carbon Al2O3‐C refractories used as submerged entry nozzles
Authors: Xu Lei , Bao Haowen , Bao Zhi , Gao Song , Chen Min , Wang Nan 
Published: September 2019

AbstractWith the aim to achieve the application of low carbon Al2O3‐C refractory as submerged entry nozzle (SEN) materials, a comprehensive study on the microstructure, thermo‐mechanical properties, as well as application performance during use in the continuous casting was carried out by comparing with the traditional one. Both hot and cold modulus of ruptures of the low carbon Al2O3‐C refractory were superior to the traditional one, and its thermal shock resistance still kept in an acceptable level. The increase in the amount of SiC whiskers and the enhancement in the sintering are considered as the strengthening mechanism. In the industrial trial, the rapid loss of graphite caused by the large level fluctuation made the traditional Al2O3‐C refractory more susceptible to flux corrosion. For the low carbon Al2O3‐C refractory, however, the dense structure and the adhesion of viscous slag layer suppressed the slag penetration. Besides, the remaining SiC phases were also difficult to be wetted and dissolved by the flux. As a consequence, a better corrosion resistance was obtained, achieving a decrease of 27.6% in the average depth of the corrosion groove after working for 8 hous.
Validation of the Chinese version of the Caries Impacts and Experiences Questionnaire for Children (CARIES‐QC)
Authors: He Songlin , Wang Jinhua 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe Caries Impacts and Experiences Questionnaire for Children (CARIES‐QC) is a newly developed child‐centred caries‐specific quality of life measure.AimWe aimed to translate and adapt the CARIES‐QC into Chinese and to validate the Chinese version of the CARIES‐QC (CARIES‐QC/C).DesignThe CARIES‐QC/C was first produced according to international guidelines. Then, the CARIES‐QC/C was distributed to children with active dental caries to evaluate its psychometric properties. Reliability of the CARIES‐QC/C was investigated by internal consistency and test‐retest reliability. Cross‐cultural validity and convergent validity were performed to analyse the validity of the CARIES‐QC/C. Cross‐cultural validity was investigated using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA).ResultsA total of 206 children were recruited. Cronbach's alpha value of the CARIES‐QC/C was .942, and the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) of the measure was .830. The CARIES‐QC/C had an acceptable fit to the data in the one‐factor model as confirmed by the CFA. The model fit parameters were chi‐square/DF = 2.15, RMSEA = 0.07, GFI = 0.92, CFI = 0.98, and TLI = 0.96. For the convergent validity of the CARIES‐QC/C, the measure evidenced good relationship with the global question.ConclusionThe CARIES‐QC/C displays good reliability and validity through strict performance tests. This measure may be used as an effective tool in future clinical trials.
Static fatigue of Hi‐Nicalon™‐S fiber at elevated temperature in air, steam, and silicic acid‐saturated steam
Authors: Robertson Scott J. , Ruggles‐Wrenn Marina B. , Hay Randall S. , Shillig Theodore , Mitchell Ronald , Kroeger Brian , Gumucio Logan 
Published: September 2019

AbstractA facility for testing SiC fiber tows in static fatigue and creep at elevated temperatures in air and steam was developed. Static fatigue of Hi‐Nicalon™‐S fibers was investigated at 800°C‐1100°C at applied stresses between 115 and 1250 MPa in air, in Si(OH)4(g)‐saturated steam, and in unsaturated steam. Fibers tested in Si(OH)4(g)‐saturated steam and in air had silica scales throughout the test sections, but those tested in unsaturated steam did not develop scales near the steam injection point. Fiber lifetimes in static fatigue were shortest in unsaturated steam, intermediate in Si(OH)4(g)‐saturated steam, and longest in air. Failure strains did not exceed 0.3%. Steady‐state strain rates and static fatigue lifetimes are modelled empirically by the Monkman‐Grant relationship. Failure mechanisms are discussed.
Ablation behavior and mechanism of Cf/SiBCN composites in plasma ablation flame
Authors: Ding Qi , Ni Dewei , Jiang Youlin , Chen Bowen , Wang Zhen , Kan Yanmei , Gao Le , Zhang Xiangyu , Ding Yusheng , Dong Shaoming 
Published: September 2019

AbstractIn this work, Cf/SiBCN composites are fabricated by an improved precursor infiltration and pyrolysis (PIP) approach. Ablation behavior of the Cf/SiBCN composites is investigated in plasma ablation flame at a heat flux of 4.02 MW m−2, which provides a quasi‐real hypersonic service environment at a temperature up to 2200°C. After ablation, the ablated surface is covered with oxidation products in the form of oxide layer, fibrous residues, or bubbles, which effectively isolates the sample surface from the plasma flame and inhibits the scouring of high‐speed flame to the composites. As a result, the Cf/SiBCN composites present an excellent ablation‐resistant property, with linear and mass recession rates as low as 0.0030 mm s−1 and 0.0539 mg mm−2 s−1, respectively. It is also revealed that the material at ablation center undergoes crystallization and oxidation processes during ablation, while the ablation behavior at transition area and ablation fringe only contains oxidation process due to the local temperature difference. Si3N4 and SiC grains are precipitated from amorphous SiBCN matrix during the crystallization process, and the oxidation process mainly involves the oxidation of carbon fiber and SiBCN matrix, etc.
A dual‐strain Lactobacilli reuteri probiotic improves the treatment of residual pockets: A randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors: Laleman Isabelle , Pauwels Martine , Quirynen Marc , Teughels Wim 
Published: September 2019

AbstractAimTo examine the adjunctive effect of a Lactobacillus reuteri probiotic (ATCC PTA 5289 & DSM 17938) on the re‐instrumentation of residual pockets.Materials and MethodsThis randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled study included 39 previously non‐surgically treated periodontitis patients. A re‐instrumentation was carried out, and probiotic and/or placebo drops were applied according to the study protocoll. Patients afterwards received lozenges to use 2×/day for 12 weeks. Probing pocket depth (PPD), recession, bleeding on probing and plaque levels were analysed, next to the microbiological impact.ResultsNo effects of the probiotic drops could be found. However, after 24 weeks, the overall PPD in the probiotic lozenges group (2.64 ± 0.33 mm) was significantly lower compared to the control lozenges (2.92 ± 0.42 mm). This difference was even more pronounced in moderate (4–6 mm) and deep (≥7 mm) pockets. In the probiotic lozenges group, there were also significantly more pockets converting from ≥4 mm at baseline to ≤3 mm at 24 weeks (67 ± 18% versus 54 ± 17%) and less sites in need for surgery (4 ± 4% versus 8 ± 6%). However, the probiotic products did not influence the microbiological counts of the periodontopathogens.ConclusionThe adjunctive consumption of L. reuteri lozenges after re‐instrumentation improved the PPD reduction, without an impact on pocket colonization with periodontopathogens.
The frequency of photosensitizing drug dispensings in Austria and Germany: a correlation with their photosensitizing potential based on published literature
Authors: Hofmann G.A. , Gradl G. , Schulz M. , Haidinger G. , Tanew A. , Weber B. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackgroundDrug‐induced photosensitivity refers to the development of cutaneous adverse events due to interaction between a pharmaceutical compound and sunlight. Although photosensitivity is a very commonly listed side‐effect of systemic drugs, reliable data on its actual incidence are lacking so far.ObjectivesA possible approach to evaluate the real‐life extent of drug‐induced photosensitivity would be an analysis of the frequency of exposure to a given photosensitizing drug combined with an indicator of its photosensitizing potential. This could serve as a basis for developing a pharmaceutical ‘heatmap’ of photosensitivity.MethodsThe present study investigated the number of reimbursed dispensed packages of potentially photosensitizing drugs in Germany (DE) and Austria (AT) between 2010 and 2017 based on nationwide health insurance‐based databases. In addition, an indicator for the photosensitizing potential was established for each drug based on the number of reports on photosensitivity in the literature.ResultsThis analysis includes means of 632 826 944 (+/−14 894 918) drug dispensings per year in DE and 113 270 754 (+/−1 964 690) in AT. Out of these, the mean percentage of drugs that enlist photosensitivity as a potential side‐effect was 49.5% (±0.7) in DE and 48.2% (±1.2) in AT. When plotting the number of reimbursed dispensed packages vs. the number of reports on photosensitivity, two categories of drugs show high numbers for both parameters, that is diuretics and non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).ConclusionsDiuretics and NSAIDs appear to be responsible for the greatest part of exposure to photosensitizing drugs with potential implication on public health.
Pro‐inflammatory role of high‐mobility group box‐1 on brain mast cells via the RAGE/NF‐κB pathway
Authors: Qian Qing‐Qing , Zhang Xiang , Wang Yi‐Wei , Xu Jia‐Wen , Dong Hong‐Quan , Li Na‐Na , Qian Yan‐Ning , Gui Bo 
Published: September 2019

AbstractHigh‐mobility group box‐1 (HMGB‐1) acts as a pro‐inflammatory cytokine contributing to the occurrence of many central inflammatory and infectious disorders. Brain mast cells (MCs) are the first responders to peripheral inflammatory stimulation because of their rapid response to external stimuli coupled with their release of preformed and newly synthesized reactive chemicals. Little is known about the involvement of brain MCs in the pro‐inflammatory effects of HMGB‐1 on the central nervous system (CNS). Thus, we investigated the activation process of MCs by HMGB‐1 and explored whether this process is involved in the pro‐inflammatory effects of HMGB‐1 on the CNS. In this study, we used P815 cells to study the activating role of HMGB‐1 on MCs and to explore its potential mechanism in vitro. In an in vivo study, adult male Sprague‐Dawley rats received i.c.v. injection of sterile saline or cromoglycate (stabilizer of MCs) 30 min prior to i.p. injection of HMGB‐1. Increased levels of tumor necrosis factor and IL‐1β were observed in the P815 cells, as well as in the rats’ brains, after HMGB‐1 treatment. Pretreatment with the receptor of advanced glycation endproducts (RAGE)‐siRNA inhibited the HMGB‐1‐induced inflammatory process in the P815 cells. Activation of the RAGE/nuclear factor‐κB (NF‐κB) pathway was observed in both the P815 cells and rats’ brains. In addition, HMGB‐1 induced the accumulation of brain MCs in the hippocampal CA1 region, and the blood–brain barrier was disrupted. Pretreatment with cromoglycate, a stabilizer of MCs, mitigated these HMGB‐1‐induced pro‐inflammatory processes in rats. These findings indicate that brain MCs are involved in the pro‐inflammatory effect of HMGB‐1 on the CNS, probably via activating the RAGE/NF‐κB pathway.
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Quantitative proteomics of synaptosome S‐nitrosylation in Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Wijasa Teodora Stella , Sylvester Marc , Brocke‐Ahmadinejad Nahal , Schwartz Stephanie , Santarelli Francesco , Gieselmann Volkmar , Klockgether Thomas , Brosseron Frederic , Heneka Michael T. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractIncreasing evidence suggests that both synaptic loss and neuroinflammation constitute early pathologic hallmarks of Alzheimer’s disease. A downstream event during inflammatory activation of microglia and astrocytes is the induction of nitric oxide synthase type 2, resulting in an increased release of nitric oxide and the post‐translational S‐nitrosylation of protein cysteine residues. Both early events, inflammation and synaptic dysfunction, could be connected if this excess nitrosylation occurs on synaptic proteins. In the long term, such changes could provide new insight into patho‐mechanisms as well as biomarker candidates from the early stages of disease progression. This study investigated S‐nitrosylation in synaptosomal proteins isolated from APP/PS1 model mice in comparison to wild type and NOS2−/− mice, as well as human control, mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer’s disease brain tissues. Proteomics data were obtained using an established protocol utilizing an isobaric mass tag method, followed by nanocapillary high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Statistical analysis identified the S‐nitrosylation sites most likely derived from an increase in nitric oxide (NO) in dependence of presence of AD pathology, age and the key enzyme NOS2. The resulting list of candidate proteins is discussed considering function, previous findings in the context of neurodegeneration, and the potential for further validation studies.
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A tumultuous transition to motherhood: Altered brain and hormonal responses in mothers with postpartum depression
Authors: Nguyen Amanda J. , Hoyer Elisabeth , Rajhans Purva , Strathearn Lane , Kim Sohye 
Published: September 2019

AbstractPostpartum depression (PPD) is a common but complex condition that is poorly understood and multifactorial in aetiology. It is a condition that can compromise the mother's care for her infant, which may pose challenges to the formation of the mother‐infant bond and the infant's overall development. Past research has looked at abnormalities in the brain circuitry and hormonal profiles of mothers with PPD compared to non‐depressed mothers. However, abnormalities in PPD that may specifically affect the mother's care of her infant have not been clearly assessed. Thus, the present review aims to synthesise studies of altered brain and hormonal responses in mothers with PPD in relation to their care of their infant. First, we review maternal brain responses and their relation to PPD symptomatology, focusing on the salience/fear network, reward/attachment network and default mode network. Next, we discuss oxytocin and hypothalamic‐pituitary‐adrenal axis hormones in the context of maternal behaviour and PPD. Finally, we synthesise these findings and propose how future studies may benefit from the combined study of both neural and hormonal activity to better understand the underlying neurobiology of maternal care in PPD.