bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Large prospective study on adult acne in Latin America and the Iberian Peninsula: risk factors, demographics, and clinical characteristics
Authors: Kaminsky Ana , Florez‐White Mercedes , Bagatin Edileia , Arias Maria Isabel ,   the Iberian Latin American Acne Studies Group (GILEA – Grupo Ibero‐Latinoamericano de Estudio del Acne)
Published: March 2019

AbstractBackgroundAcne vulgaris is a chronic, multifactorial inflammatory skin disease involving the pilosebaceous unit. The prevalence of acne is high during adolescence and is known to persist into adulthood; however, the characteristics of adult acne have not been well established. In the adult population, acne has been associated with psychosocial repercussions impacting the quality of life of those who suffer it, especially in female patients.MethodsThis study assessed the demographic and clinical characteristics of 1,384 patients between the ages of 25 and 60 years from 21 countries in Latin America and the Iberian Peninsula, with the purpose of identifying parameters for the severity of the disease, its links to demographic, biological, social, and environmental factors, and potential triggers.ResultsGender differences in severity and location of the lesions were identified. In a univariate analysis, the male gender, use of cosmetics, age of onset of adolescence, and signs of hyperandrogenism were associated with acne severity.ConclusionsThe characteristics of adult acne may vary from those of adolescent acne, although the disease presentations are generally similar. Further research is needed to establish similarities and differences in manifestations of adult acne versus adolescent acne.
Effects of the drying method on the oxidative stability of the free and encapsulated fractions of microencapsulated sunflower oil
Authors: Holgado Francisca , Márquez‐Ruiz Gloria , Ruiz‐Méndez María Victoria , Velasco Joaquín 
Published: March 2019

SummaryThe influence of the drying method, freeze‐drying and spray‐drying, on the oxidative stability of microencapsulated sunflower oil depended on the type of encapsulation matrix. For a dairy‐type matrix, formed by sodium caseinate and lactose, greater losses of tocopherols were detected during spray‐drying, but both the free and encapsulated oil fractions were more stable against lipid oxidation than their freeze‐dried counterparts. Results suggested that the free oil was also constituted by droplets that preserved their interfacial membrane and were protected by the matrix. Therefore, the free oil was not necessarily the non‐encapsulated fraction. For a matrix constituted by gelatine, maltodextrin and sucrose, the emulsion showed low stability and a great destabilisation during spray‐drying. No significant effect of the drying method on the oxidative stability of the encapsulated fraction was found with this matrix, but the free oil of the spray‐dried sample oxidised faster, probably due to the emulsion destabilisation observed, which gave rise to a great amount of oil on the particle surface as a consequence of large droplets poorly stabilised.
Phenotype frequencies of Rh (C, c, E, e), M, Mia and Kidd blood group systems among ethnic Thai blood donors from the north‐east of Thailand
Authors: Romphruk Amornrat V. , Butryojantho Chalawan , Jirasakonpat Bhakwarin , Junta Ninnate , Srichai Supawadee , Puapairoj Chintana , Simtong Piyapong 
Published: March 2019

AbstractWe here report the first study of antigen and phenotype frequencies of Rh (C, c, E, e), M, Mia and Kidd antigens in north‐east Thai blood donors. Blood transfusion services aim to ensure availability of adequate and safe blood to minimize the development of transfusion reactions. For pre‐transfusion testing, the most important blood group systems are ABO and RhD. The transfusion of ABO‐compatible otherwise unknown phenotype blood may result in alloimmunization, especially in multi‐transfused patients. Extended red blood cell (RBC) phenotyping and selection of blood negative for specific antigens reduce post‐transfusion complications and allow for effective blood transfusion regimens to be achieved. A total of 13,567 regular repeated, voluntary Thai blood donors were included for red‐cell antigen typing of Rh (D, C, E, c, e). Samples from 12,768, 9,389 and 13,059 donors were typed for Kidd, M and Mia antigens, respectively. Amongst Rh antigens, e was the most common (96.80%) followed by C (95.50%), c (34.40%) and E (32.20%) with CCDee (60.00%) being the most common phenotype. For Kidd phenotypes, Jk(a+b+) was the most common (46.73%) and Jk(a−b−) was rare (0.07%). For the M and Mia antigen, M(+) was most frequently found (94.96%) and Mia(+) was found in 17.97% of individuals. Knowledge of red‐cell antigen phenotype frequencies in a population is helpful for creating a phenotype database of blood donors which can provide antigen‐negative compatible blood to patients with multiple alloantibodies. Moreover, provision of antigen‐matched blood can prevent alloimmunization in multi‐transfused patients.
The God‐Intoxicated Theology of a Modern Theologian
Authors: Sonderegger Katherine 
Published: March 2019

AbstractJohn Webster was a God‐intoxicated theologian. His remarkable doctrinal work profoundly shaped modern Protestant dogmatics, most especially in its Doctrine of God. Webster worked out of the whole tradition, drawing on the scholastics in both Catholic and Protestant forms, and touching on the Patristic legacy, giving primacy to Augustine. But this ready eye for the past did not make Webster's Doctrine of God a repristination of the past, nor reactionary in theme. In fact, Webster was a modern theologian in a distinctive mode: of ressourcement or retrieval. He viewed his task in this area as two‐fold, to diagnose disorder and timidity in modern treatments of God, and to set forth a positive doctrine, anchored in Scripture, and descriptive of the Lord disclosed in these Biblical events. Webster favored a particular form of Personalism in the Doctrine of God; he focused on who God is, not what Deity is. His Doctrine was a thorough‐going Trinitarianism, giving a wholly Triune account of the Divine Perfections, and offering the daring proposal that the Economy was included eternally in the Perfect Life of the Immanent God.
Urodynamic analysis of the impact of diabetes mellitus on bladder function
Authors: Majima Tsuyoshi , Matsukawa Yoshihisa , Funahashi Yasuhito , Takai Shun , Kato Masashi , Yamamoto Tokunori , Gotoh Momokazu 
Published: March 2019

ObjectivesTo analyze sequential changes of diabetic cystopathy based on urodynamic data in patients with diabetes mellitus.MethodsParticipants included male diabetes patients who underwent a pressure flow study at Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan, from April 2005 to October 2016. Patients with a previous history of lower urinary tract dysfunction were excluded. Bladder dysfunction was categorized into four urodynamic patterns: (i) normal; (ii) detrusor overactivity with normal detrusor contractility; (iii) detrusor hyperreflexia/impaired contractility; and (iv) detrusor underactivity. The urodynamic patterns were evaluated according to the presence of diabetic retinopathy and nephropathy, which was correlated to diabetes mellitus duration. Furthermore, the association of clinical factors with voiding function, as well as sensory function, was investigated.ResultsA total of 57 patients were enrolled. Detrusor overactivity with normal detrusor contractility patterns was seen only in cases with neither diabetic retinopathy nor diabetic nephropathy, whereas the prevalence of detrusor hyperreflexia/impaired contractility pattern was highest in cases with diabetic retinopathy. Detrusor underactivity pattern was found with the highest frequency in cases with both diabetic retinopathy and diabetic nephropathy. On multivariate analysis, the existence of diabetic retinopathy was only significantly correlated with bladder contractility index. Furthermore, multivariate analysis showed that first desire volume and maximum cystometric capacity were significantly positively correlated with post‐void residual urine volume, and also negatively correlated with voiding efficiency independent of bladder contractility index.ConclusionsDiabetes patients have diverse progressive bladder dysfunction according to the diabetes stage. An optimal screening program is necessary to detect and manage diabetic cystopathy at an early stage.
Evaluation of intraosseous computerized injection system (QuickSleeper™) vs conventional infiltration anaesthesia in paediatric oral health care: A multicentre, single‐blind, combined split‐mouth and parallel‐arm randomized controlled trial
Authors: Smaïl‐Faugeron Violaine , Muller‐Bolla Michèle , Sixou Jean‐Louis , Courson Frédéric 
Published: March 2019

BackgroundConventional infiltration anaesthesia (CIA) is the most frequently used in paediatric oral health care. However, other techniques are available, such as intraosseous anaesthesia (IOA), that can beneficiate from newly developed technologies.AimTo compare the pain caused by CIA and IOA delivered by the computerized system (QuickSleeper™) in children.DesignWe used an innovative design consisting in simultaneously conducting a multicentre split‐mouth and parallel‐arm randomized controlled trial (RCT) to allow for increased power. The primary outcome was pain reported by the patient on a visual analogue scale (0‐10 cm) concerning the insertion of the needle and injection.ResultsA total of 30 children were included in the split‐mouth RCT and 128 in the parallel‐arm RCT. We combined treatment effect estimates by using an inverse‐variance weighting meta‐analysis approach. Pain scores were significantly decreased with IOA vs CIA (mean difference −0.69 cm, 95% confidence intervals −1.13 to −0.25 cm). For each patient enrolled in the split‐mouth RCT, about five were enrolled in the parallel‐arm RCT, which allowed for not losing any eligible patients.ConclusionPain during the insertion of the needle and injection was less with IOA vs CIA in children. The design of this study allowed for increasing statistical power and using all generated evidence. (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02084433).
A Study on Firms with Negative Book Value of Equity
Authors: Luo Haowen , Liu Ian , Tripathy Niranjan 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThis paper studies the puzzling negative book equity phenomenon among US public firms. Our evidence suggests that negative book equity firms exhibit heterogeneous characteristics. We show that a great portion of these firms, while operating at excessive capital structure with leverage ratio over 100%, are financially and operationally healthy. These healthy negative book equity firms increase their debt primarily motived by a need for funds to fulfill investment demand. We also find that the off‐balance sheet intangible assets and quality of intangible assets play an important role in determining the true debt capacity of these firms.
The surface mechanism for the flexoelectric response in sodium bismuth titanate‐based ferroelectric ceramics
Authors: Zhou Wanfeng , Hou Yu , Chen Pan , Zhang Haifeng , Chu Baojin 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe flexoelectric effect of the ferroelectric materials has been intensively studied in recent years. One unresolved issue in this field is that the measured flexoelectric coefficients in ferroelectrics are often several orders of magnitude greater than the values predicted by the theoretical studies. To understand the mechanism for this discrepancy, the flexoelectric response of the Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3–BaTiO3 (NBBT) ceramics of different compositions was systematically studied. We show that the measured flexoelectric response of the NBBT ceramics is mainly from the piezoelectric response of the spontaneously polarized surface in the ceramics. The surface effect can be reduced or removed by abrading the surface off or modifying the compositions of the surface. The thickness of the surface layer was found to be 10‐15 µm. We also show that the composition dependence of the flexoelectric response is mainly affected by the piezoelectric response of the surface layer, whereas the temperature dependence of the flexoelectric response of a composition is primarily influenced by the dielectric constant of the bulk. The mechanisms for the observations are discussed based on the origin of the surface layer. This work is important for the understanding of the mechanisms of the flexoelectric (or flexoelectric‐like) response in ferroelectrics.
Making a career in hospitals: Determinants of registered nurses’ aspirations to become a manager
Authors: Haaland Guro Hognestad , Olsen Espen , Mikkelsen Aslaug 
Published: March 2019

AbstractAimTo examine seven determinants of Registered Nurses’ aspirations to become a manager in four Norwegian public hospitals.BackgroundResearch evidence shows that nurses submit few applications to management positions. Understanding the determinants that influence nurses’ aspirations to become managers can provide healthcare organizations with important knowledge on the drivers and barriers in recruitment and on the development of nurse managers.DesignThis study adopted a cross‐sectional web‐based survey design.MethodLogistic regression analysis based on 2,630 Registered Nurses’ responses to a self‐completion survey in a Norwegian regional health authority collected during October 2014. The overall response rate was 40%.ResultsFindings indicate that men and younger nurses are most likely to report an aspiration in management. The social support of an immediate supervisor and institutional stress are positively associated with an aspiration to become a manager; however, high experienced workloads have the opposite effect.ConclusionHealthcare organizations should work strategically to develop a human resource management policy that ensures that the organization develops the nurse managers it needs now and in the future.ImpactThis study addresses the challenge of having enough qualified nurse managers. The main findings indicate that job demands can have both a negative and positive impact on nurses’ aspirations to become a manager. Healthcare organizations should, however, reduce demands and consider increasing job resources. The results should have an impact on the human resource department, managers, and other key personnel in healthcare organizations.
The interplay between social dominance orientation and intergroup contact in explaining support for multiculturalism
Authors: Visintin Emilio Paolo , Berent Jacques , Green Eva G. T. , Falomir‐Pichastor Juan Manuel 
Published: March 2019

AbstractIn two studies, we tested whether social dominance orientation (SDO) and intergroup contact interacted in shaping support for multiculturalism. Study 1 was correlational, while in Study 2 we measured SDO and experimentally manipulated intergroup contact (imagined contact paradigm). We found that SDO and intergroup contact interacted on support for multiculturalism: Intergroup contact was associated with more support for multiculturalism only for high‐SDO individuals, and SDO was negatively associated to support for multiculturalism more strongly for individuals with low or no contact. Finally, we discussed the role of the intergroup setting in which studies are conducted.
The evolutionary history and global phylogeography of the green turtle (Chelonia mydas)
Authors: Jensen Michael P. , FitzSimmons Nancy N. , Bourjea Jerome , Hamabata Tomoko , Reece Joshua , Dutton Peter H. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractAimTo examine the genetic structure and global phylogeography of the endangered green sea turtle, Chelonia mydas, in light of past climatic events and current conservation needs.LocationTropical and subtropical beaches around the world.MethodsWe analysed 386 base pairs of the mitochondrial (mt)DNA control region of 4,878 individual nesting green turtle samples from 127 rookeries globally. We used phylogeographic analysis to assess how demographic history, dispersal and barriers to gene flow have led to the current distribution of mtDNA lineages.ResultsWe identified 11 divergent lineages that were tied to specific biogeographical regions. The phylogenetic analyses revealed an ancient origin for the species centred in the Indo‐Pacific and more recent colonization of the Central/Eastern Pacific as well as the Atlantic Basin. Overall the phylogeographic structure was strong but with a clear pattern of regional connectivity among rookeries. A Large genetic separation was found where there were obvious barriers to dispersal such as between the Atlantic and Pacific oceans and across the Pacific Ocean, as well as less obvious barriers to dispersal. Admixture of mtDNA haplotype lineages was detected at latitudinal extremes across the Indian Ocean and western Pacific Ocean resulting in these areas being nucleotide diversity hotspots. The highest regional genetic diversity and high endemic richness was observed in the SW Pacific, NW Pacific, SW Indian and NW Indian oceans.Main conclusionsPast climatic fluctuations greatly affected the distribution of genetic diversity in the highly migratory green turtle. Our data suggest that past climatic events influenced local populations in different ways and the species appears to have survived the last glaciations in multiple glacial refugia.
Biases in assessing the evolutionary history of the angiosperm flora of China
Authors: Qian Hong 
Published: March 2019

AbstractIn their recent paper published in Nature (2018, 554, 234‐238), Lu et al. use phylogenetic approaches to determine the proportion of the Chinese angiosperm genera that originated during the Miocene or later, and contrast divergence times and phylogenetic dispersion between eastern and western China. One of their key conclusions is that 66% of the angiosperm genera in China originated in the Miocene or later. However, an analysis of 300 angiosperm genera shows that 139 (76.8%) of the 181 genera considered as originating in the Miocene or later by Lu et al. have fossil records before the Miocene. Thus, the evolutionary history of Chinese angiosperm flora has been substantially underestimated in Lu et al. In addition, the results of Lu et al. have been biased by using an incomplete phylogeny.
Contrasting colonization patterns of black mangrove (Avicennia germinans (L.) L.) gene pools along the Mexican coasts
Authors: Ochoa‐Zavala Maried , Jaramillo‐Correa Juan Pablo , Piñero Daniel , Nettel‐Hernanz Alejandro , Núñez‐Farfán Juan 
Published: March 2019

AbstractAimHistorical and geological events can impact the genetic structure of species, producing signatures that vary among taxa and among gene pools within taxa. Such signatures can also be affected by local geography and tolerance to environmental conditions. However, disentangling the different drivers of population structure is often difficult. In an attempt to do so, we surveyed two independent gene pools of the same species that followed similar paths of post‐glacial colonization across contrasting landscapes and environmental conditions. We aimed to determine how these differences have affected the post‐glacial population dynamics of each gene pool.LocationThe Pacific and Atlantic coasts of Mexico.TaxonBlack mangrove (Avicennia germinans; Avicenniaceae).MethodsUsing microsatellite variation, we estimated the divergence time of black mangrove populations through approximated Bayesian computation and implemented a comparative approach to evaluate different demographic hypotheses within and between coasts.ResultsThe Pacific and Atlantic gene pools diverged long after the rise of the Central American Isthmus (Mid‐Pleistocene), although occasional transisthmian gene exchanges were also inferred. Both coasts showed the characteristic isolation by distance (IBD) pattern expected for expanding gene pools. However, populations from the Atlantic coast were more genetically diverse and admixed than those from the Pacific basin. Both our migration models and the climate data gathered suggested a more ancient establishment and/or more stable conditions for black mangrove on the Atlantic coast.Main conclusionsThe Atlantic basin likely bore more favourable climate conditions than the Pacific, allowing for the survival of A. germinans during the Last Glacial Maximum in situ. Populations from the northern Pacific coast became established after the Holocene warming, leading to contrasting genetic patterns between the two gene pools. Nevertheless, the action of environmental factors in determining the contemporary distribution of genetic variation in A. germinans cannot be discarded.
Human‐mediated dispersal of weed species during the Holocene: A case study of Chenopodium album agg.
Authors: Krak Karol , Habibi Farzaneh , Douda Jan , Vít Petr , Lomonosova Maria N. , Wang Lei , Mandák Bohumil 
Published: March 2019

AbstractAimWe hypothesised that during the Holocene, the distributions of species such as crop weeds have been significantly influenced by human activity. We aimed to (a) identify the main centres of diversity of the Chenopodium album agg. species and (b) test if these species colonised Europe from western Asia, most likely due to the westward expansion of agriculture in the Neolithic period.LocationEurasia.TaxonChenopodium album aggregate (Amaranthaceae).MethodsThree cpDNA regions were sequenced in 904 individuals, from 26 species of the C. album aggregate. A dated phylogeny was inferred and this was used to establish relationships among the haplotypes and to estimate their divergence times. The group's main centres of diversity were inferred by comparing species and haplotype richness between Europe, the Mediterranean, western Asia, central Asia and Siberia.ResultsThe most haplotype‐diverse area for the entire C. album aggregate is central Asia. Interestingly, Europe is poor in terms of haplotype diversity, showing the same level of diversity as the western Asian region. The pairwise genetic differentiation between Europe, the Mediterranean and western Asia is lower than between any of these regions and either central Asia or Siberia. This points to the origin of the European Chenopodium species pool as being in western Asia. In some phylogenetically‐defined clades, species could not be distinguished based on cpDNA haplotypes due to a high level of haplotype sharing. However, in others, the haplotype variation follows the species boundaries.Main conclusionsUsing the C. album agg. species as a model, we show the importance of central Asia as one of the main centres of diversity for weedy species. However, the group's colonisation of Europe had its origins in western Asia, highlighting the importance of human‐mediated dispersal of ruderal and weed plant species accompanying the westward spread of agriculture in the Neolithic period.