bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in Burkina Faso from 2006 to 2017: Results of national surveys
Authors: Diandé Souba , Badoum Gisèle , Combary Adjima , Zombra Issaka , Saouadogo Tandaogo , Sawadogo Léon T. , Nébié Bayéma , Gnanou Saïdou , Zigani Adama , Ouédraogo Seydou Mohamed , Diallo Adama , Kaboré Seydou , Sangaré Lassana 
Published: February 2019

Setting: A survey of the prevalence of drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) in new and previously treated patients (PTPs) was performed in Burkina Faso from 2016 to 2017.
Design: In this cross-sectional survey, a structured questionnaire was administered to eligible smear-positive patients in all 86 diagnostic and treatment centers of the country to collect their socio-demographic characteristics and medical histories. Their sputa were tested using the Mycobacterium tuberculosis/rifampicin (MTB/RIF) Xpert assay. Those which were found to be positive for TB and rifampicin-resistant were also tested with GenoType MTBDRplus2.0 and MTBDRsl2.0. Univariate and multivariate logistic regressions were performed to determine risk factors associated with rifampicin resistance.
Results: Of the 1140 smear-positive patients enrolled, 995 new and 145 PTPs were positive for MTB complex by Xpert. Of these, 2.0% (20/995, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.1–2.9) of the new cases and 14.5% (95% CI: 14.2–20.2) of the PTPs were resistant to rifampicin; 83% of them has multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB). None were pre-extensively drug-resistant TB (pre-XDR-TB) or XDR-TB. Only the previous treatment was significantly associated with rifampicin resistance, p < 0.0001.
Conclusion: Similar to global trends, rifampicin resistance was significantly higher in patients with prior TB treatment (14.5%) than in naïve patients (2.0%). These percentages are slightly below the global averages, but nonetheless suggest the need for continued vigilance. Extending the use of Xpert testing should strengthen the surveillance of DR-TB in Burkina Faso.
The role of family and personality traits in Internet gaming disorder: A mediation model combining cognitive and attachment perspectives
Authors: Throuvala Melina A. , Janikian Mari , Griffiths Mark D. , Rennoldson Mike , Kuss Daria J. 
Published: February 2019

Background and aims
Gaming disorder was recently recognized as a mental health disorder by the World Health Organization and included in the International Classification of Diseases. Extensive research has been conducted with regard to psychosocial correlates and comorbidity, less so for the developmental mechanisms and the processes leading to the disorder. The association between family factors, personality traits, and gaming has been studied independently but not in combination. To fill this gap in knowledge, this study examined (a) the association between parental acceptance–rejection theory and Internet gaming disorder (IGD) and (b) the mediating and moderating effect of core self-evaluations (CSE), a personality construct, on the aforementioned variables.

Methods
The study was quantitative and involved young adults members of online gaming communities (N = 225).

Results
The results showed that parental rejection is associated with the occurrence of IGD, only through the mediating effect of CSE. The moderation model was not confirmed.

Discussion
Findings bridge early emotional deficits with CSE personality traits and IGD, based on two widely acknowledged theoretical frameworks. In addition, they highlight the importance of the father’s role in upbringing.

Conclusions
These frameworks combine cognitive and attachment perspectives and a process-oriented approach to the development and maintenance of IGD. The implications of these findings are discussed in relation to (a) the mechanisms leading to the disorder and (b) providing an evidence base for therapeutic interventions for IGD to go beyond abstinence and include self-esteem enhancement and efficacy contingencies. Directions for future research are also provided in this study.
Módosított Weerda-laringoszkópok alkalmazási területei a fül-orr-gégészeti gyakorlatban
Authors: Rovó László , Bach Ádám , Szakács László , Bella Zsolt , Lázár György 
Published: February 2019

Abstract: Microscope-assisted direct endoscopy of the airways and the upper gastrointestinal tract in general anesthesia is an essential diagnostic and therapeutic method of otorhinolaryngology. The quality of surgical exploration is a key for the good visibility and maneuverability of microsurgical tools. Beside the most commonly used Kleinsasser laryngoscope, the distending Weerda laryngoscope is a more favorable option for the exploration of the retrocricoid region. Narrow anatomical situation, examination and manipulation of lesions involving several sub-regions of the hypopharynx or larynx may be problematic in some cases even with this endoscope. The authors present the application of modified Weerda laryngoscopes with asymmetric spatula length in addition with four cases. The retrocricoid region, the distal part of the posterior hypopharyngeal wall and the proximal part of the esophagus can be easily visualized with this device. The modifications allow the introduction of new surgical techniques by increasing the number of applied microsurgical devices and their maneuverability. Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(7): 264–269.
Epilepsziasebészeti beavatkozások eredményei a Pécsi Epilepszia Centrumban 2005 és 2016 között
Authors: Lőrincz Katalin Nóra , Bóné Beáta , Tóth Márton , Horváth Réka , Kovács Norbert , Komoly Sámuel , Karádi Kázmér , Barsi Péter , Ábrahám Hajnalka , Seress László , Horváth Zsolt , Dóczi Tamás , Janszky József , Gyimesi Csilla 
Published: February 2019

Abstract: Introduction: Epilepsy as a chronic, severe neurologic disease significantly influences the quality of life of the epileptic patients. In candidates well selected for surgery, the seizure freedom is realistically achievable, and the quality of life can be further improved with complex individual rehabilitation. Aim: We aimed to evaluate the postoperative outcome of patients who underwent epilepsy surgery between 2005 and 2016 at the Epilepsy Center at Pécs. Method: We evaluated seizure status at regular follow-up visits after surgery and the quality of life using questionnaires focusing on employment and social status. Results: 76% of the 72 patients who underwent surgical resection for epilepsy were free from disabling seizures , and 10% had rare disabling seizures (almost seizure-free), 7% experienced worthwhile improvement and 7% had no worthwhile improvement. Comparing the employment status of patients free from disabling seizures to patients not free from disabling seizures, we found that the employment status is significantly influenced by seizure freedom (p<0.01, Fisher’s exact test). While 67% of seizure-free patients were employed, only 19% of patients not free from disabling seizures were hired. Conclusion: Our results resemble the international tendencies and success rate, proving epilepsy surgery as an available, valid and effective treatment in well selected patients. Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(7): 270–278.
Az egészségbiztosítási gyógyszerkiadások alakulása Magyarországon
Authors: Eisingerné Balassa Boglárka , Csákvári Tímea , Ágoston István 
Published: February 2019

Introduction: In Hungary, health expenditures – especially the question of health insurance subsidies for medicinal products – are becoming increasingly important. Aim: The aim of our analysis is to reveal the state’s health insurance expenditure between 2010 and 2016 as well as the amount of health insurance subsidies for medicinal products. Data and methods: Data were derived from the database of the National Health Insurance Fund of Hungary and of the Hungarian Central Statistical Office. During the analysis we examined the period between 2010 and 2016. We analysed the health expenditures in proportion to the gross domestic product (GDP) as well as the changes of drug traffic based on gross consumer prices and those of health insurance subsidies, and also our regional inequalities. When writing the present study, we used descriptive statistical methods. Results: The expenditures of the National Health Insurance Fund of Hungary significantly increased as proportions of the GDP from 5.5% in 2010 to 6.1% in 2016. The health insurance subsidies for medicinal products increased since 2013. The highest health insurance subsidies per 10 000 inhabitants could be seen in Baranya (405 788 HUF/inhabitant) and Csongrád (384 724 HUF/inhabitant) counties and in Budapest (377 316 HUF/inhabitant). The lowest health insurance subsidies were found in Nógrád (289 168 HUF/inhabitant) and Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg (271 104 HUF/inhabitant) counties. Conclusion: The trends of health and drug expenditure show a growing tendency. We can find significant regional inequalities in case of both the drug traffic based on gross consumer prices and the health insurance subsidies. It would be needed to strengthen the elements of prevention, and to popularize health-conscious lifestyle and doing sports. Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(Suppl 1): 49–54.
Identification of risks in contratc of building construction
Authors: Ramos-Gómez Edgar , Buitrago Jose Vicente , Pérez-Ruiz Diego Dario , Serrano-Guzmán María Fernanda 
Published: February 2019

This research studies the administrative risks in the contracts of the different construction activities. This is because, despite the controls for the selection of the best candidates, during the legalization, execution and liquidation of the labor contracts there are drawbacks associated with multiple factors. For this, we worked with a group of builders who recognized the risks that were in the different stages. The results of the study reveal that there is high informality in the contractors and that qualification days related to administrative and accounting aspects must be carried out, among others. Also, it is found that sometimes the formats that support the different processes within companies can be confusing for contractors.ResumenEn esta investigación se estudian los riesgos administrativos en los contratos de las distintas actividades de construcción. Esto por cuanto, a pesar de los controles para la selección de los mejores candidatos, durante la legalización, ejecución y liquidación de los contratos de mano de obra se presentan inconvenientes asociados a múltiples factores. Para ello, se trabajó con un grupo focal de constructores quienes reconocieron los riesgos que se encontraban en las distintas etapas. Los resultados del estudio revelan que existe alta informalidad en los contratistas y que deben realizarse jornadas de cualificación relacionadas con aspectos administrativos y contables, entre otros. También, se encuentra que en ocasiones los formatos que soportan los distintos procesos al interior de las empresas pueden llegar a ser confusos para los contratistas.ResumoOs projetos de construção de habitação exigem a terceirização de pessoal para o desenvolvimento de diferentes atividades. Às vezes, apesar dos controles para a seleção dos melhores candidatos, durante a legalização, execução e liquidação dos contratos, há desvantagens associadas a múltiplos fatores. O objetivo deste estudo é identificar os riscos durante o ciclo de vida dos contratos nas atividades de construção. Para isso, trabalhamos com um grupo focal de construtores que reconheceu os riscos existentes em diferentes estágios. Os resultados do estudo revelam que há alta informalidade em empreiteiros e que a qualificação relacionada a aspectos administrativos e contábeis, entre outros, deve ser realizada. Além disso, descobriu-se que às vezes os formatos que suportam os diferentes processos dentro das empresas podem se tornar confusos para os contratados.
The Entrepreneurial Spirit: beyond business creation
Authors: Prada Ricardo 
Published: February 2019

Globalization has marked this XXI century. This continual change makes organizations prepare in advance to face the challenges posed by global markets and nonstop changing times Garzón (2011). These complex challenges organizations face today are assimilated by employees through active reponses that demand the perception of the market signals they function in. Consequently, they become real and genuine entrepreneurs. But any form of entrepreneurship also implies change and, beyond doubt, innovation. However, it is difficult to identify those employees who as entrepreneurs within organizations stand out and have an impact by generating creative projects (Pérez, 2011). This article attempts to prove how corporate entrepreneurship, within an organizational context is the true innovation booster.ResumenLa globalización ha marcado este siglo XXI. Este cambio continuo hace que las organizaciones se preparen con anticipación para enfrentar los desafíos planteados por los mercados globales y los tiempos de cambios ininterrumpidos Garzón (2011). Estos complejos desafíos que enfrentan las organizaciones hoy en día son asimilados por los empleados a través de respuestas activas que exigen la percepción de las señales de mercado en las que funcionan. En consecuencia, se convierten en verdaderos y genuinos emprendedores. Pero cualquier forma de emprendimiento también implica cambio y, sin lugar a dudas, innovación. Sin embargo, es difícil identificar a aquellos empleados que, como empresarios dentro de las organizaciones, se destacan y tienen un impacto al generar proyectos creativos (Pérez, 2011). Este artículo intenta demostrar cómo el espíritu empresarial corporativo, dentro de un contexto organizativo es el verdadero impulsor de la innovación.ResumoA globalização marcou este século XXI. Essa mudança contínua faz com que as organizações se preparem com antecedência para enfrentar os desafios colocados pelos mercados globais e os tempos de mudança ininterruptos Garzón (2011). Esses complexos desafios que as organizações enfrentam hoje são assimilados pelos funcionários por meio de respostas ativas que exigem a percepção dos sinais de mercado em que atuam. Consequentemente, tornam-se empreendedores reais e genuínos. Mas qualquer forma de empreendedorismo também implica mudança e, sem dúvida, inovação. No entanto, é difícil identificar os funcionários que, como empreendedores dentro das organizações, se destacam e têm impacto gerando projetos criativos (Pérez, 2011). Este artigo tenta provar como o empreendedorismo corporativo, dentro de um contexto organizacional, é o verdadeiro impulsionador da inovação.
Comparison of the association of brachial arterial pressure and parameters of central aortic pressure with left ventricular hypertrophy in the general population of Novosibirsk
Authors: Tsvetkova E. E. , Kuznetsov A. A. , Denisova D. V. , Ragino Yu. I. , Voevoda M. I. 
Published: February 2019

Aim.There is evidence that central aortic blood pressure (BP) is more associated with left ventricular myocardial hypertrophy than brachial BP. The purpose of this work is to compare the association of brachial and central aortic BP with electrocardiographic parameters of left ventricular hypertrophy in the general population of Novosibirsk.Material and methods. We examined 327 people: 155 men and 172 women aged 25-44 years from a representative sample from the general population of Novosibirsk. The study program included anthropometry, BP measurement, electrocardiography, biochemical blood analysis. Radial artery applanation tonometry and pulse wave analysis were performed using the SphygmoCor system. Left ventricular hypertrophy was determined by electrocardiographic parameters.Results.In the general population of Novosibirsk, central aortic BP is more associated with left ventricular myocardial hypertrophy than brachial BP. Central pulse pressure, in contrast to brachial BP, is significantly associated with the R+S index (p=0,0085), as well as RI (p=0,0038) and RaVL (p=0,0039) wave amplitude. Central systolic aortic BP, in contrast to brachial systolic BP, is significantly associated with RI (p=0,042) and RaVL (p=0,029) wave amplitudes. Amplification parameters of central aortic BP, regardless of brachial BP, are associated with indices of left ventricular hypertrophy. Pulse pressure amplification in groups with or without left ventricular hypertrophy, standardized for age, gender, height, waist circumference, heart rate, triglyceride levels, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, blood glucose, and brachial pulse pressure, was 13,3 mm Hg and 12,5 mm Hg, respectively (p=0,035).Conclusion.The results of this study substantiate the relevance of the practical use of central aortic BP parameters in addition to the office measurement of brachial BP.
Effectiveness of in insulin resistance correction and the adipokines level reduction in patients with arterial hypertension in comparison with other ARBs
Authors: Nedogoda S. V. , Chumachek E. V. , Tsoma V. V. , Salasyuk A. S. , Smirnova V. O. , Popova E. A. 
Published: February 2019

Aim. To assess the possibility of azilsartan medoxomil to achieve target blood pressure (BP) (less than 130/80 mm Hg), to study angioprotective features and reduction of adipokines levels and inflammatory markers in patients with hypertension and previous therapy with other ARBs.Material and methods. In open observational study with 24 weeks follow-up were included 60 patients with previous therapy (losartan or valsartan or telmisartan).All patients underwent ambulatory BP monitoring, applanation tonometry (determination of the augmentation index and central BP), measurement of the pulse wave velocity, laboratory tests (lipid profile, uric acid, fasting glucose, Homeostasis Model Assessment, homocysteine, leptin, adiponectin, highly sensitive C-reactive protein, tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin-6).Results. Azilsartan provided the systolic BP (29,05%, 22,5% and 8,9%) and diastolic BP reduction 18,82%, 20,46% and 8,54% (p<0,05) in patients previously treated with losartan, valsartan or telmisartan, respectively. Central systolic BP (by 25,95%, 8,78%, 11,94%), central pulse BP (by 40%, 18,38% and 19,6%), augmentation index (by 28,87%, 20,69% and 14,29%) and pulse wave velocity (by 21,57%, 24,56% and 24,92%) were decreased (p<0,05). There were positive changes in leptin, C-reactive protein, IL-6, adiponectin levels in all patients with losartan, valsartan or telmisartan initial therapy (p<0,05).Conclusion. Azilsartan medoxomil has advantages in BP control, the arterial elasticity improving, reducing of insulin-resistance and inflammation.
НЕЛИНЕЙНЫЕ ЭФФЕКТЫ СОВМЕСТНОГО ВОЗДЕЙСТВИЯ ОКСИДОВ р- И d-ЭЛЕМЕНТОВ ПРИ СОЗДАНИИ ТОНКИХ ПЛЕНОК НА ПОВЕРХНОСТИ GaAs И InP ОБЗОР
Authors: Kostryukov Victor F. , Mittova Irina Y. , Tominа Elena V. , Sladkopevtsev Boris V. , Parshina Anna S. , Balasheva Dar'ya S. 
Published: February 2019

Рассмотрен процесс термооксидирования арсенида галлия и фосфида индия под воздействием бинарных оксидных композиций (хемостимулятор+хемостимулятор и хемостимулятор+инертный компонент). Установлены и интерпретированы нелинейные эффекты зависимости толщины оксидной пленки на поверхности GaAs и InP от состава композиции оксидов-хемостиуляторов. Доказана возможность получения аддитивной во всем интервале составов зависимости толщины оксидной пленки на поверхности GaAs от состава при использовании композиций оксид-хемостимулятор+инертный компонент. Установлена пространственная локализация связывающих взаимодействий между оксидами-хемостимуляторами, которые приводят к наблюдаемым нелинейным эффектам. Синтезированные таким способом тонкие пленки на поверхности GaAs и InP обладают улучшенными электрофизическими свойствами и проявляют газочувствительный отклик в атмосфере газов-восстановителей.

Результаты исследований получены на оборудовании Центра коллективного пользования Воронежского государственного университета. URL:http://ckp.vsu.ru
Работа выполнена при поддержке гранта РФФИ № №18-03-00354_а
LOCAL PARAMETERS OF THE SURFACE ROUGHNESS OF ELECTROCHEMICALLY DEALLOYED Ag-Pd ALLOYS
Authors: Bedova Eugenia V. , Grechkina Margarita V. , Kozaderov Oleg A. 
Published: February 2019

Local characteristics of surface roughness of the polycrystalline Ag-Pd solid solutions (4 and 8 at. % Pd) which underwent potentiostatic electrochemical dealloying in an acidic nitrate aqueous solution were determined by scanning electron and atomic force microscopy. A qualitative analysis of the SEM and AFM micrographs demonstrated substantial morphological roughening of the surface of Ag-Pd alloys. This results from the formation of hollows and cracks caused by selective leaching of electronegative silver and recrystallization of electropositive palladium into its highly-developed phase. A quantitative analysis of the AFM-data allowed us to determine the numerical values of the main local roughness characteristics of anodically modified alloys. The negative value of the coefficient of surface asymmetry indicates the formation of deep cavities during the dealloying process. The recorded mean roughness generally depends on the AFM-scanning zone, but it stabilizes if the scan zone exceeds several tens of micrometers. The roughness of dealloyed Ag-Pd systems is of micro- and nano-size and increases with anodic potential and electric charge of the electrochemical modification of both studied Ag4Pd and Ag8Pd alloys. This effect can be accounted for by a significant rise in the anodic dissolution rate of silver from the alloys in the overcritical region of polarization, resulting in the formation of deeper surface defects. An increase in the average height of surface irregularities with modification time conforms to the square root law, confirming the non-stationary mass transfer kinetics of the selective dissolution process. Variation of the anodic potential and electric charge makes it possible to find the optimal conditions for the electrochemical synthesis of electrode Ag-Pd materials with given values of arithmetic mean and root-mean-square roughness. The assumption that harmonic sinusoidal function represents the Ag-Pd surface microprofile proved the linear dependence of the roughness factor on dealloying time.
ANALYSIS OF STATISTICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF QUASI-BREATHER IN MONOATOMIC FCC METALS Au, Cu, Ni, Pd AND Pt
Authors: Eremin Alexander M. , Zakharov Pavel V. , Starostenkov Mikhail D. , Vdovin Alexey S. 
Published: February 2019

The molecular dynamics method is used to calculate and analyze the statistical characteristics of a quasi-breather with a hard type of nonlinearity in monoatomic FCC metals, for example, Cu, Au, Pt, Ni and Pd. Within the framework of this model, the following statistical characteristics and dependencies were calculated for quasi-breathers: a grouped statistical series of absolute and relative frequencies, a polygon of absolute and relative frequencies, a histogram of relative frequencies, an empirical distribution function, an estimate of the mathematical expectation and variance of the original sample. The densities of phonon states are calculated for all crystals. Statistics allow you to understand the causes of the destruction of breathers and more fully describe the process of their dissipation of energy.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
For AME, PVZ, the study was carried out with the financial support of the Russian Federal Property Fund and the Altai Territory within the framework of the scientific project No. 18-42-220002; The MDS is grateful to the Ministry of Education and Science of the basic part of the state task, project No. 3.4820.2017/BC.