bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Disruption of APOL1-miR193a Axis Induces Disorganization of Podocyte Actin Cytoskeleton
Authors: Kumar Vinod , Paliwal Nitpriya , Ayasolla Kamesh , Vashistha Himanshu , Jha Alok , Chandel Nirupama , Chowdhary Sheetal , Saleem Moin A. , Malhotra Ashwani , Chander Praveen N. , Skorecki Karl , Singhal Pravin C. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractAPOL1-miR193a axis participates in the preservation of molecular phenotype of differentiated podocytes (DPDs). We examined the hypothesis that APOL1 (G0) preserves, but APOL1 risk alleles (G1 and G2) disrupt APOL1-miR193a axis in DPDs. DPDG0s displayed down-regulation of miR193a, but upregulation of nephrin expression. DPDG1s/G2s exhibited an increase in miR193a and down-regulation of the expression of adherens complex’s constituents (CD2AP, nephrin, and dendrin). DPDG0s showed decreased Cathepsin L, enhanced dynamin expressions, and the intact actin cytoskeleton. On the contrary, DPDG1s/G2s displayed an increase in Cathepsin L, but down-regulation of dynamin expressions and disorganization of the actin cytoskeleton. APOL1 silencing enhanced miR193a and Cathepsin L, but down-regulated dynamin expressions. DPDG1s/G2s displayed nuclear import of dendrin, indicating an occurrence of destabilization of adherens complexes in APOL1 risk milieu. These findings suggest that DPDG1s and DPDG2s developed disorganized actin cytoskeleton as a consequence of disrupted APOL1-miR193a axis. Interestingly, docking and co-labeling studies suggested an interaction between APOL1 and CD2AP. APOL1G1/G1 and APOL1G1/G2 transgenic mice displayed nuclear import of dendrin indicating destabilization of adherens complexes in podocytes; moreover, these mice showed a four-fold increase in urinary albumin to creatinine ratio and development of focal segmental glomerular lesions.
Degradation of p47 by autophagy contributes to CADM1 overexpression in ATLL cells through the activation of NF-κB
Authors: Sarkar Bidhan , Nishikata Ichiro , Nakahata Shingo , Ichikawa Tomonaga , Shiraga Toshiyuki , Saha Hasi Rani , Fujii Masahiro , Tanaka Yuetsu , Shimoda Kazuya , Morishita Kazuhiro 
Published: March 2019

AbstractCell adhesion molecule 1 (CADM1), a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily, is identified as a novel cell surface marker for human T-cell leukemia virus (HTLV-1)-infected T cells. Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) is developed in HTLV-1-infected T-cells after a long infection period. To examine the mechanism of CADM1 overexpression in ATLL, we first identified that CADM1 is transcriptionally up-regulated by a transcriptional enhancer element through NF-κB signaling pathway. In HTLV-1-infected T-cells, CADM1 expression is dependent on HTLV-1/Tax through activation of canonical and non-canonical NF-κB; however, in ATLL cells with frequent loss of Tax expression, the activation of canonical NF-κB only enhances the CADM1 expression. Along with active mutations in signaling molecules under T-cell recepor (TCR) signaling, degradation of p47, a negative regulator of NF-κB, was essential for activation of canonical NF-κB through stabilization of NEMO (NF-κB essential modulator). The mechanism of p47 degradation is primarily dependent on activation of lysosomal-autophagy and the autophagy is activated in most of the HTLV-infected and ATLL cells, suggesting that the p47 degradation may be a first key molecular event during HTLV-1 infection to T-cells as a connector of two important signaling pathways, NF-κB and autophagy.
Comparative transcriptome analysis of Eogammarus possjeticus at different hydrostatic pressure and temperature exposures
Authors: Chen Jiawei , Liu Helu , Cai Shanya , Zhang Haibin 
Published: March 2019

AbstractHydrostatic pressure is an important environmental factor affecting the vertical distribution of marine organisms. Laboratory-based studies have shown that many extant shallow-water marine benthic invertebrates can tolerate hydrostatic pressure outside their known natural distributions. However, only a few studies have focused on the molecular mechanisms of pressure acclimatisation. In the present work, we examined the pressure tolerance of the shallow-water amphipod Eogammarus possjeticus at various temperatures (5, 10, 15, and 20 °C) and hydrostatic pressures (0.1–30 MPa) for 16 h. Six of these experimental groups were used for transcriptome analysis. We found that 100% of E. possjeticus survived under 20 MPa at all temperature conditions for 16 h. Sequence assembly resulted in 138, 304 unigenes. Results of differential expression analysis revealed that 94 well-annotated genes were up-regulated under high pressure. All these findings indicated that the pressure tolerance of E. possjeticus was related to temperature. Several biological processes including energy metabolism, antioxidation, immunity, lipid metabolism, membrane-related process, genetic information processing, and DNA repair are probably involved in the acclimatisation in deep-sea environments.
Discovery and Validation of a Novel Neutrophil Activation Marker Associated with Obesity
Authors: Pan Yue , Choi Jeong-Hyeon , Shi Huidong , Zhang Liwen , Su Shaoyong , Wang Xiaoling 
Published: March 2019

AbstractObesity is accompanied by low-grade systemic inflammation that etiologically contributes to obesity-induced cardiovascular disease (CVD). Growing evidence supports that neutrophil, the most abundant type of leukocytes in human, is most likely to be the target peripheral leukocyte subtype initiating the inflammatory cascade in obesity. However, few studies have systematically assessed the genome wide changes in neutrophils associated with obesity. In this study, a hypothesis-free OMIC approach (i.e. the discovery phase) and a target approach (i.e. the validation phase) were used to identify obesity related neutrophil activation markers and their roles on CVD risks. In the discovery phase, genome wide DNA methylation, RNA-sequencing and quantitative proteomics were obtained from purified neutrophils (12 obese vs. 12 lean). In the validation phase, gene expression levels of the promising genes from the OMIC platforms were measured in 81 obese cases vs. 83 lean controls, and the association between the expression levels and CVD risks were evaluated. Significant difference was found for one gene, alkaline phosphatase, liver/bone/kidney (ALPL), across 3 OMIC platforms. In the validation phase, the gene expression levels of ALPL in leukocytes were significantly higher in obese compared with lean subjects (p < 0.05). Within the obese population, we observed that ALPL expression level showed significantly positive association with CVD risk factors (p < 0.05) including systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, mean arterial pressure, carotid intima–media thickness and borderline significance with fasting insulin (p = 0.08). This study identified one novel marker ALPL of neutrophil activation in response to obesity and provided evidence that obesity induced change in ALPL expression was associated with CVD risk factors.
Visual cortex recruitment during language processing in blind individuals is explained by Hebbian learning
Authors: Tomasello Rosario , Wennekers Thomas , Garagnani Max , Pulvermüller Friedemann 
Published: March 2019

AbstractIn blind people, the visual cortex takes on higher cognitive functions, including language. Why this functional reorganisation mechanistically emerges at the neuronal circuit level is still unclear. Here, we use a biologically constrained network model implementing features of anatomical structure, neurophysiological function and connectivity of fronto-temporal-occipital areas to simulate word-meaning acquisition in visually deprived and undeprived brains. We observed that, only under visual deprivation, distributed word-related neural circuits ‘grew into’ the deprived visual areas, which therefore adopted a linguistic-semantic role. Three factors are crucial for explaining this deprivation-related growth: changes in the network’s activity balance brought about by the absence of uncorrelated sensory input, the connectivity structure of the network, and Hebbian correlation learning. In addition, the blind model revealed long-lasting spiking neural activity compared to the sighted model during word recognition, which is a neural correlate of enhanced verbal working memory. The present neurocomputational model offers a neurobiological account for neural changes following sensory deprivation, thus closing the gap between cellular-level mechanisms, system-level linguistic and semantic function.
Observation of localized modes at effective gauge field interface in synthetic mesh lattice
Authors: Pankov Artem V. , Vatnik Ilya D. , Churkin Dmitry V. , Sukhorukov Andrey A. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractWe predict a generic mechanism of wave localization at an interface between uniform artificial gauge fields, arising due to propagation-dependent phase accumulation similar to Aharonov-Bohm phenomenon. We realize experimentally a synthetic mesh lattice with real-time control over the vector gauge field, and observe robust localization under a broad variation of gauge strength and direction, as well as structural lattice parameters. This suggests new possibilities for confining and guiding waves in diverse physical systems through the synthetic gauge fields.
Categorization of everyday sounds by cochlear implanted children
Authors: Berland Aurore , Collett Edward , Gaillard Pascal , Guidetti Michèle , Strelnikov Kuzma , Cochard Nadine , Barone Pascal , Deguine Olivier 
Published: March 2019

AbstractAuditory categorization is an important process in the perception and understanding of everyday sounds. The use of cochlear implants (CIs) may affect auditory categorization and result in poor abilities. The current study was designed to compare how children with normal hearing (NH) and children with CIs categorize a set of everyday sounds. We tested 24 NH children and 24 children with CI on a free-sorting task of 18 everyday sounds corresponding to four a priori categories: nonlinguistic human vocalizations, environmental sounds, musical sounds, and animal vocalizations. Multiple correspondence analysis revealed considerable variation within both groups of child listeners, although the human vocalizations and musical sounds were similarly categorized. In contrast to NH children, children with CIs categorized some sounds according to their acoustic content rather than their associated semantic information. These results show that despite identification deficits, children with CIs are able to categorize environmental and vocal sounds in a similar way to NH children, and are able to use categorization as an adaptive process when dealing with everyday sounds.
The gut microbiota composition affects dietary polyphenols-mediated cognitive resilience in mice by modulating the bioavailability of phenolic acids
Authors: Frolinger Tal , Sims Steven , Smith Chad , Wang Jun , Cheng Haoxiang , Faith Jeremiah , Ho Lap , Hao Ke , Pasinetti Giulio M. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractDietary polyphenols promote memory in models of sleep deprivation (SD), stress, and neurodegeneration. The biological properties of dietary polyphenols greatly depend upon the bioavailability of their phenolic metabolites derivatives, which are modulated by gut microbiota. We recently demonstrated that supplementation with grape-derived bioactive dietary polyphenol preparation (BDPP) improves SD-induced cognitive impairment. This study examined the role of the gut microbiota in the ability of BDPP to prevent memory impairment in response to SD. C57BL6/J mice, treated with antibiotics mix (ABX) or BDPP or both, were sleep-deprived at the end of a fear conditioning training session and fear memory was assessed the next day. Gut microbiota composition was analyzed in fecal samples and BDPP-driven phenolic acid metabolites extraction was measured in plasma. We report that the beneficial effect of BDPP on memory in SD is attenuated by ABX-induced dysbiosis. We identified specific communities of fecal microbiota that are associated with the bioavailability of BDPP-derived phenolic acids, which in turn, are associated with memory promotion. These results suggest the gut microbiota composition significantly affects the bioavailability of phenolic acids that drive the dietary polyphenols’ cognitive resilience property. Our findings provide a preclinical model with which to test the causal association of gut microbiota-polyphenols, with the ultimate goal of potential developing dietary polyphenols for the prevention/treatment of cognitive impairment.
Controlled and tuneable drug release from electrospun fibers and a non-invasive approach for cytotoxicity testing
Authors: Piccirillo G. , Carvajal Berrio D. A. , Laurita A. , Pepe A. , Bochicchio B. , Schenke-Layland K. , Hinderer S. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractElectrospinning is an attractive method to generate drug releasing systems. In this work, we encapsulated the cell death-inducing drug Diclofenac (DCF) in an electrospun poly-L-lactide (PLA) scaffold. The scaffold offers a system for a sustained and controlled delivery of the cytotoxic DCF over time making it clinically favourable by achieving a prolonged therapeutic effect. We exposed human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) to the drug-eluting scaffold and employed multiphoton microscopy and fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy. These methods were suitable for non-invasive and marker-independent assessment of the cytotoxic effects. Released DCF induced changes in cell morphology and glycolytic activity. Furthermore, we showed that drug release can be influenced by adding dimethyl sulfoxide as a co-solvent for electrospinning. Interestingly, without affecting the drug diffusion mechanism, the resulting PLA scaffolds showed altered fibre morphology and enhanced initial DCF burst release. The here described model could represent an interesting way to control the diffusion of encapsulated bio-active molecules and test them using a marker-independent, non-invasive approach.
Calcium Involved Directional Organization of Polymer Chains in Polyester Nanogranules in Bacterial Cells
Authors: Tian Baoxia , Shah Mohsin , Choi Mun Hwan , Rho Jong Kook , Lee Sang Yeol , Yoon Sung Chul 
Published: March 2019

AbstractSoil bacteria accumulate polyesters (typically poly([R]-3-hydroxybutyrate (PHB), in which one end of the chain terminates with a carboxyl group) in the form of hydrated, amorphous nanogranules in cells. However, it is not clear what drives the structure of these biomaterials inside bacterial cells. Here, we determined that calcium guides intracellular formation of PHB nanogranules. Our systematic study using the surface zeta potential measurement and the carboxyl-specific SYTO-62 dye binding assay showed that the terminal carboxyl is not exposed to the granule surface but is buried inside native “unit-granules” comprising the mature granule. Extracellular Ca2+ was found to mediate the formation of these PHB unit-granules, with uptaken Ca2+ stored inside the granules. Comparative [Ca2+]-dependent fluorescence spectroscopy revealed that the native granules in Cupriavidus necator H16 act as a Ca2+ storage system, presumably for the regulation of its cytosolic Ca2+ level, but those from recombinant Escherichia coli do not. This study reveals intimate links between Ca2+ and native granule formation, and establishes a novel mechanism that intracellular PHB granules function as Ca2+ storage in order to relieve soil bacteria from Ca2+ stress.
Evaluation of dose point kernel rescaling methods for nanoscale dose estimation around gold nanoparticles using Geant4 Monte Carlo simulations
Authors: Jayarathna Sandun , Manohar Nivedh , Ahmed Md Foiez , Krishnan Sunil , Cho Sang Hyun 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe absence of proper nanoscale experimental techniques to investigate the dose-enhancing properties of gold nanoparticles (GNPs) interacting with radiation has prompted the development of various Monte Carlo (MC)-based nanodosimetry techniques that generally require considerable computational knowledge, time and specific tools/platforms. Thus, this study investigated a hybrid computational framework, based on the electron dose point kernel (DPK) method, by combining Geant4 MC simulations with an analytical approach. This hybrid framework was applied to estimate the dose distributions around GNPs due to the secondary electrons emitted from GNPs irradiated by various photon sources. Specifically, the equivalent path length approximation was used to rescale the homogeneous DPKs for heterogeneous GNPs embedded in water/tissue. Compared with Geant4 simulations, the hybrid framework halved calculation time while utilizing fewer computer resources, and also resulted in mean discrepancies less than 20 and 5% for Yb-169 and 6 MV photon irradiation, respectively. Its appropriateness and computational efficiency in handling more complex cases were also demonstrated using an example derived from a transmission electron microscopy image of a cancer cell containing internalized GNPs. Overall, the currently proposed hybrid computational framework can be a practical alternative to full-fledged MC simulations, benefiting a wide range of GNP- and radiation-related applications.
New Statistical Methods for Constructing Robust Differential Correlation Networks to characterize the interactions among microRNAs
Authors: Yu Danyang , Zhang Zeyu , Glass Kimberly , Su Jessica , DeMeo Dawn L. , Tantisira Kelan , Weiss Scott T. , Qiu Weiliang 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe interplay among microRNAs (miRNAs) plays an important role in the developments of complex human diseases. Co-expression networks can characterize the interactions among miRNAs. Differential correlation network is a powerful tool to investigate the differences of co-expression networks between cases and controls. To construct a differential correlation network, the Fisher’s Z-transformation test is usually used. However, the Fisher’s Z-transformation test requires the normality assumption, the violation of which would result in inflated Type I error rate. Several bootstrapping-based improvements for Fisher’s Z test have been proposed. However, these methods are too computationally intensive to be used to construct differential correlation networks for high-throughput genomic data. In this article, we proposed six novel robust equal-correlation tests that are computationally efficient. The systematic simulation studies and a real microRNA data analysis showed that one of the six proposed tests (ST5) overall performed better than other methods.
Microwave-induced orbital angular momentum transfer
Authors: Amini Sabegh Zahra , Maleki Mohammad Ali , Mahmoudi Mohammad 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe microwave-induced orbital angular momentum (OAM) transfer from a Laguerre-Gaussian (LG) beam to a weak plane-wave is studied in a closed-loop four-level ladder-type atomic system. The analytical investigation shows that the generated fourth field is an LG beam with the same OAM of the applied LG field. Moreover, the microwave-induced subluminal generated pulse can be switched to the superluminal one only by changing the relative phase of applied fields. It is shown that the OAM transfer in subluminal regime is accompanied by a slightly absorption, however, it switches to the slightly gain in superluminal regime. The transfer of light’s OAM and control of the group velocity of the generated pulse can prepare a high-dimensional Hilbert space which has a major role in quantum communication and information processing.
Carbon nanoparticles with oligonucleotide probes for a label-free sensitive antibiotic residues detection based on competitive analysis
Authors: Lin Xuexia , Su Jianlong , Lin Honggui , Zhou Shu-Feng , Sun Xiangying , Liu Bin , Zeng Mingrong 
Published: March 2019

AbstractCarbon nanoparticles (CNPs) have been combined with aptamer, providing a broad application in small molecule. CNPs can be quenched by small molecules and are usually applied as luminescent probes because of their photophysical characteristics. In this work, we developed a competitive analysis for antibiotic residues detection based on carbon nanoparticles (CNPs) and oligonucleotide probes. Oligonucleotide probes including oxytetracycline (OTC) aptamer was exploited for recognition OTC and was used to restore the luminescence. Tetracycline (TC), as a competitor of OTC, was utilized to quench the luminescence of CNPs and reduce the sample matrix effect. Under optimal conditions, the linear rang of OTC was 0.010~1.0 ng/mL with the relative standard deviations (RSDs) from 2.91% to 11.3%, and the limit of detection (LOD) was low to 0.002 ng/mL. Moreover, the proposal was successfully applied to analyze OTC from drink water, indicating that this approach has great potential for other small molecule analysis.
Enhanced absorption in all-dielectric metasurfaces due to magnetic dipole excitation
Authors: Terekhov Pavel D. , Baryshnikova Kseniia V. , Greenberg Yakov , Fu Yuan Hsing , Evlyukhin Andrey B. , Shalin Alexander S. , Karabchevsky Alina 
Published: March 2019

AbstractAll-dielectric nanophotonics lies at a forefront of nanoscience and technology as it allows to control light at the nanoscale using its electric and magnetic components. Bulk silicon does not experience any magnetic response, nevertheless, we demonstrate that the metasurface made of silicon parallelepipeds allows to excite the magnetic dipole moment leading to the broadening and enhancement of the absorption. Our investigations are underpinned by the numerical predictions and the experimental verifications. Also surprisingly we found that the resonant electric quadrupole moment leads to the enhancement of reflection. Our results can be applied for a development of absorption based devices from miniature dielectric absorbers, filters to solar cells and energy harvesting devices.
Music synchronizes brainwaves across listeners with strong effects of repetition, familiarity and training
Authors: Madsen Jens , Margulis Elizabeth Hellmuth , Simchy-Gross Rhimmon , Parra Lucas C. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractMusic tends to be highly repetitive, both in terms of musical structure and in terms of listening behavior, yet little is known about how engagement changes with repeated exposure. Here we postulate that engagement with music affects the inter-subject correlation of brain responses during listening. We predict that repeated exposure to music will affect engagement and thus inter-subject correlation. Across repeated exposures to instrumental music, inter-subject correlation decreased for music written in a familiar style. Participants with formal musical training showed more inter-subject correlation, and sustained it across exposures to music in an unfamiliar style. This distinguishes music from other domains, where repetition has consistently been shown to decrease inter-subject correlation. Overall, the study suggests that listener engagement tends to decrease across repeated exposures of familiar music, but that unfamiliar musical styles can sustain an audience’s interest, in particular in individuals with some musical training. Future work needs to validate the link proposed here between music engagement and inter-subject correlation of brain responses during listening.