bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Age‐associated metabolic and epigenetic barriers during direct reprogramming of mouse fibroblasts into induced cardiomyocytes
Authors: Santos Francisco , Correia Magda , Dias Rafaela , Bola Bárbara , Noberini Roberta , Ferreira Rita S. , Trigo Diogo , Domingues Pedro , Teixeira José , Bonaldi Tiziana , Oliveira Paulo J. , Bär Christian , de Jesus Bruno Bernardes , Nóbrega‐Pereira Sandrina 
Published: November 2024

AbstractHeart disease is the leading cause of mortality in developed countries, and novel regenerative procedures are warranted. Direct cardiac conversion (DCC) of adult fibroblasts can create induced cardiomyocytes (iCMs) for gene and cell‐based heart therapy, and in addition to holding great promise, still lacks effectiveness as metabolic and age‐associated barriers remain elusive. Here, by employing MGT (Mef2c, Gata4, Tbx5) transduction of mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) and adult (dermal and cardiac) fibroblasts from animals of different ages, we provide evidence that the direct reprogramming of fibroblasts into iCMs decreases with age. Analyses of histone posttranslational modifications and ChIP‐qPCR revealed age‐dependent alterations in the epigenetic landscape of DCC. Moreover, DCC is accompanied by profound mitochondrial metabolic adaptations, including a lower abundance of anabolic metabolites, network remodeling, and reliance on mitochondrial respiration. In vitro metabolic modulation and dietary manipulation in vivo improve DCC efficiency and are accompanied by significant alterations in histone marks and mitochondrial homeostasis. Importantly, adult‐derived iCMs exhibit increased accumulation of oxidative stress in the mitochondria and activation of mitophagy or dietary lipids; they improve DCC and revert mitochondrial oxidative damage. Our study provides evidence that metaboloepigenetics plays a direct role in cell fate transitions driving DCC, highlighting the potential use of metabolic modulation to improve cardiac regenerative strategies.
Posterior retroperitoneal adrenalectomy for metastatic disease: a multi‐site Australian series
Authors: Fenton Mark , Leong David , Wong Jessica , Zotov Paul , Farrell Stephen , Miller Julie A , Sywak Mark S , O'Neill Christine J 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundPosterior retroperitoneoscopic adrenalectomy (PRA) for isolated adrenal metastasis is minimally invasive, may prolong survival and improve quality of life. The current evidence base is scant.MethodsA multi‐site retrospective analysis of all cases of PRA for adrenal metastasis between 2011 and 2023, by four high‐volume adrenal surgeons was performed. Perioperative morbidity, disease‐free and survival outcomes were reported.ResultsOf 51 patients, 34(67%) male, mean age 63 ± 12 years, mean BMI 28; 49 PRAs for adrenal metastatectomy were completed (one abandoned due to tumour unresectability, one conversion to anterior laparoscopic approach) across 11 hospitals (49% public). Primary tumours included: 11 colorectal, 11 renal, 8 lung, 6 hepatocellular, 4 sarcoma, 3 breast, 2 melanoma, 2 ovarian and 1 each of pancreatic, oesophageal, testicular and prostate cancer. There were 12 synchronous (<6 months) and 39 metachronous (>6 months after primary diagnosis) tumours; 21 (42%) left sided, none bilateral. Mean operative time was 95 ± 34 minutes, mean maximal tumour diameter was 34 mm ± 13 mm and median length of hospitalization 1 ± 1 days. There were 8 (16%) complications; 1 ICU admission, 1 re‐admission for pneumonia and 6 Clavien‐Dindo grade I complications. There were 10 (20%) mortalities and a median overall survival of 29 months (range 7–123, n = 41). Disease recurred in 15 (40%) patients (n = 37), with a median disease‐free interval of 18 months (range 1–68). Port site recurrence occurred in 2 patients, both simultaneously with disseminated metastases.ConclusionIn carefully selected patients with adrenal metastases, PRA by high‐volume adrenal surgeons has minimal morbidity and short hospitalization. Surgery should be considered prior to local ablation.
Maternal asthma during pregnancy and the likelihood of neurodevelopmental disorders in offspring
Authors: Kemppainen Mari , Gissler Mika , Kirjavainen Turkka 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIntroductionAsthma is the most common chronic disease during pregnancy. Maternal asthma has been associated with a multitude of unwanted pregnancy outcomes, in some studies also with neurodevelopmental disorders. Here we investigated associations between maternal asthma and neurodevelopmental disorders.Material and MethodsWe studied a retrospective population‐based cohort of 1 271 439 mother–child pairs from singleton live births in Finland between the years 1996–2018. We used multiple high‐cover registers for data collection. Adjusted unconditional Cox regression models were used to investigate associations between maternal asthma, asthma medication used during pregnancy, and offspring's neurodevelopmental disorder diagnoses.ResultsWe identified 106 163 mother–child pairs affected by maternal asthma. We found that maternal asthma was associated with offspring neurodevelopmental disorders, but the differences in absolute prevalence between the control and exposure groups were small. Attention‐deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) was found in 4114 (3.9%) offspring with maternal asthma and in 32 122 (3.0%) controls (adjusted hazard ratio (HR): 1.49; 95% CI 1.44–1.54); autism in 1617 (1.5%) offspring vs 13 701 (1.3%) controls (HR: 1.33; 95% CI 1.26–1.40); motor‐developmental disorder in 1569 (1.5%) offspring vs 12 147 (1.1%) controls (HR: 1.37; 95% CI 1.30–1.45); language disorder in 3057 (2.9%) offspring vs 28 421 (2.7%) controls (HR: 1.13; 95% CI 1.08–1.17), learning disabilities in 849 (0.8%) offspring vs 6534 (0.6%) controls (HR: 1.51; 95% CI 1.41–1.62); mixed developmental disorder in 1633 (1.5%) offspring vs 14 434 (1.3%) controls (HR 1.20; 95% CI, 1.14–1.26); and intellectual disability in 908 (0.9%) vs 9155 (0.9%) controls (HR: 1.12; 95% CI 1.04–1.20). No substantial differences were found between allergic and non‐allergic asthma phenotypes, and neither allergic tendency nor respiratory infection was associated with a similar likelihood of neurodevelopmental disorders.ConclusionsMaternal asthma and allergic and non‐allergic phenotypes showed weak associations with the offspring's neurodevelopmental disorders. The association is concerned especially with learning disabilities, ADHD, motor development, and autism.
Evaluation of a meaning in life intervention applied to work: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Ríos Diana C. , Hervas Gonzalo 
Published: November 2024

AbstractMeaning‐based interventions have demonstrated promising outcomes in enhancing meaning in life. However, understanding their efficacy in diverse contexts requires further research. This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of a meaning‐based intervention in a military sample and the impact of incorporating an additional emotion regulation module into the intervention. We conducted a randomized three‐group parallel trial with active‐duty military personnel: a waitlist control group (n = 21), a meaning‐based intervention group (n = 42), and a meaning‐based intervention with emotion regulation group (n = 43). Both intervention groups received six 2‐hour sessions and a follow‐up session 4 months later. Meaning in life and work‐related variables, as well as well‐being, depression, emotion regulation, and work‐related factors, were assessed using a mixed‐factorial analysis of variance (ANOVA). The results showed that only the meaning‐based intervention with an emotion regulation component significantly increased the presence of meaning in life. We also observed a trend toward improved well‐being scores over time that did not emerge for the other intervention. This study provides initial support for the efficacy of meaning‐based interventions within the military context when supplemented with emotion regulation skills.
Individualized rTMS Intervention Targeting Sleep Deprivation‐Induced Vigilance Decline: Task fMRI‐Guided Approach
Authors: Zhu Yuanqiang , Wang Chen , Xu Ziliang , Guo Fan , Chang Yingjuan , Liu Jiali , Liu WenMing , Fang Peng , Zheng Minwen 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTStudy ObjectivesSleep deprivation (SD) is prevalent in our increasingly round‐the‐clock society. Optimal countermeasures such as ample recovery sleep are often unfeasible, and brief naps, while helpful, do not fully restore cognitive performance following SD. Thus, we propose that targeted interventions, such as repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), may enhance cognitive performance recovery post‐SD.MethodsWe recruited 50 participants for two SD experiments. In the first experiment, participants performed a psychomotor vigilance task (PVT) under three conditions: normal sleep (resting wakefulness), after 24 h of SD, and following a subsequent 30‐min nap. We analyzed dynamic changes in PVT outcomes and cerebral responses across conditions to identify the optimal stimulation target. Experiment 2 adopted the same protocol except that, after the nap, 10‐Hz, sham‐controlled, individualized rTMS was administrated. Then, an analysis of variance was conducted to investigate the ability of stimulation to improve the PVT reaction times.ResultsThrough task‐related functional magnetic resonance imaging, we identified cerebral responses within the right middle frontal gyrus (MFG) as the optimal stimulation target. Subsequent application of individualized 10‐Hz rTMS over the right MFG attenuated SD‐induced deterioration of vigilance.ConclusionOur findings suggest that combining a brief nap with individualized rTMS can significantly aid the recovery of vigilance following SD. This approach, through modulating neural activity within functional brain networks, is a promising strategy to counteract the cognitive effects of SD.
Direct Oral Anticoagulants Versus Warfarin in Patients With Isolated Heparin‐Induced Thrombocytopenia or Heparin‐Induced Thrombocytopenia With Thrombosis
Authors: Hassan Kaiya , Kinan Robert , Casey Ashley , Dermady Miranda , Mizuki Britta , Stanilova Katerina , Savage Heather , Yuan Helen , Hillis Emma , Bertaut Connor , Guillory Taylor , Coons Eric 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTNo existing studies compare oral anticoagulants to treat heparin‐induced thrombocytopenia with or without thrombosis (HIT/HITT). This retrospective study evaluated thrombotic and bleeding outcomes in adults treated for HIT/HITT with a direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC) or warfarin between 2012 and 2023 within the Ochsner Health System. Patients with mechanical heart valves, valvular atrial fibrillation, antiphospholipid syndrome, active malignancy, or venous thromboembolism (VTE) within the previous 6 months were excluded. The primary outcome was a composite of new or progressive VTE or arterial thromboembolism. Secondary outcomes included major and clinically relevant non‐major bleeding, duration of hospitalization, time to platelet recovery, and incidence of skin necrosis, gangrene, and amputation. Forty‐nine patients receiving a DOAC and 30 patients receiving warfarin were included. Baseline characteristics were similar between cohorts. There were non‐statistically significant increased rates of both the primary outcome (8.9% vs. 4.3%, p = 0.65) and the composite bleeding outcome (32.7% vs. 23.3%, p = 0.37) in the DOAC cohort. Larger, prospective studies are needed to confirm these findings.
¿Espíritus animales al acecho? Sentimientos empresariales y demanda de trabajo durante la pandemia de COVID‐19
Authors: BELLO Ridwan Bolaji 
Published: November 2024

ResumenLos economistas han teorizado que los sentimientos, o creencias espontáneas carentes de fundamentación económica, son un factor que influye en los comportamientos económicos. En este artículo se investiga si los sentimientos influyeron en el comportamiento empresarial tras el brote de COVID‐19. Sobre una muestra de empresas italianas se observa que, inmediatamente después del brote inicial, las expectativas empresariales de recuperación económica reflejaban opiniones en gran medida ajenas a sus experiencias durante la crisis sanitaria. Estas opiniones guardan relación con el comportamiento laboral de las empresas. Las más pesimistas eran más propensas a aplicar medidas de reducción de costos laborales, como el despido y la reducción de jornada.
Los efectos del salario mínimo en la adquisición de educación en el Brasil
Authors: MARIONI Larissa da Silva 
Published: November 2024

ResumenA partir de datos administrativos del sector formal brasileño de 2006‐2013, se investiga el impacto del salario mínimo absoluto y relativo sobre la prima de la calificación y las inversiones en educación compaginada con el empleo, teniendo en cuenta las variaciones de precios entre estados y en el tiempo. El salario mínimo absoluto reduce la prima de la calificación y, en promedio, afecta negativamente a la adquisición de estudios, sobre todo en la parte inferior de la distribución salarial. El salario mínimo relativo aumenta la prima en los niveles educativos superiores y, en promedio, no incide significativamente en las inversiones en educación, pero sus efectos son heterogéneos a lo largo de la distribución.
Role adaptation of nurses caring for older adults with terminal diseases in geriatric hospitals
Authors: Liu Qiushi , Yih Bongsook 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAimTo understand the role adaptation process of nurses caring for older adult patients with terminal diseases in Chinese geriatric hospitals.BackgroundThe Chinese government has been encouraging the conversion of secondary general hospitals and some tertiary hospitals into specialized geriatric hospitals; however, research on nurses’ adaptation to caring for older adult patients with terminal diseases in these hospitals is lacking.MethodsIndividual in‐depth interviews were conducted with 13 registered nurses with a minimum of two years of experience caring for older adults with terminal diseases. Following Glaserian grounded theory, open, selective, and theoretical coding were conducted for data analysis. The study followed the Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research checklist.Results“Guards of the shining sunset” emerged as the core category. Participants experienced three stages: “chaotic me,” “rational me,” and “inclusive me.” They highlighted two causes, three contexts, two intervention conditions, three strategies, and two consequences.ConclusionThe study shows that nurses play a key role in “guarding the shining sunset” of older adult patients with terminal diseases. The observed role adaptation process provides theoretical support for interventions to assist nurses in becoming inclusive “guards of the shining sunset.”Implications for nursing practice and policyNurses play a unique role as guardians protecting the end‐of‐life quality of elderly patients. Their role needs to be expanded and strengthened via effective coping strategies and comprehensive legal, education, welfare, and professional promotion support policies. The substantive theory offered by this study may be applied by nurses, department leaders, geriatric hospital managers, and national‐level institutions to underpin future interventions and improve role adaptation.
A Tailored De‐Implementation Strategy to Reduce Low‐Value Home‐Based Nursing Care: A Mixed‐Methods Feasibility Study
Authors: Wendt Benjamin , Nieuwboer Minke S. , Vermeulen Hester , Huisman‐de Waal Getty , van Dulmen Simone A. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTAimTo facilitate the delivery of appropriate care, the aim was to test if a tailored, multifaceted de‐implementation strategy (RENEW) (1) would lead to less low‐value nursing care and (2) was acceptable, implementable, cost effective and scalable in the home‐based nursing care context.DesignA mixed‐methods design.MethodsThe RENEW strategy with components on education, persuasion, enablement, incentives and training was introduced in seven teams from two organisations in the Netherlands. To estimate the effect size, data were collected at baseline (T0) and follow‐up measurement (T1), on the volume of care in both frequency and time in minutes per week and independent samples t‐tests were performed. A qualitative evaluation was conducted to understand feasibility aspects, see how the strategy works and identify influencing factors and used document analyses and semi‐structured interviews. Deductive coding was used to analyse the results.ResultsThe time spent on low‐value nursing care (mean, minutes per week per client) in seven teams for 210 clients in T1 compared to 222 clients in T0 reduced statistically significant. The difference between T0 and T1 equals 17.94%. The frequency of delivered low‐value nursing care (mean per week) reduced but not statistically significant. From the transcripts of eight semi‐structured interviews and documents, a list of 79 influencing factors were identified. Practical implementation tools, workplace coaching and sharing experiences within and between teams were considered as the most contributing elements.ConclusionThe results showed that for the seven home‐healthcare teams in this study, the RENEW strategy (1) leads to a reduction in low‐value care and (2) is—conditional upon minor modifications—acceptable, implementable, cost effective and scalable.Reporting MethodStandards for Reporting Implementation Studies (StaRI) guidelines.Patient or Public ContributionNo Patient or Public Contribution.
Effect of adipose tissue deposition on insulin resistance in middle‐aged and elderly women: Based on QCT and MRI mDIXON‐Quant
Authors: Liu Ying , Gao Lei , Wu Mengfei , Yang Boyang , Ren Dongxue , Zhang Zekun , Zhang Wei , Wang Yan 
Published: November 2024

ObjectiveTo explore the relationship between adipose tissue deposition and triglyceride‐glucose (TyG) index, an indicator clinically used to assess insulin resistance (IR), in middle‐aged and elderly women using quantitative computed tomography (QCT) and MRI mDIXON‐Quant sequence.MethodsAll participants underwent quantitative computed tomography (QCT) and MRI mDIXON‐Quant examination and calculated the TyG index based on the fasting blood glucose and triacylglycerol. Bounded by the median TyG index, all participants were divided into low TyG group and high TyG group. Visceral fat mass (VFM) and subcutaneous fat mass (SFM) were measured on QCT images. Hepatic proton density fat fraction (H‐PDFF), pancreatic proton density fat fraction (P‐PDFF), and lumbar bone marrow fat fraction (L‐BMFF) were measured on MRI mDIXON‐Quant images.ResultsAdjusting for age and body mass index (BMI), TyG was moderately positively correlated with H‐PDFF, and r/P was 0.416/<0.001, TyG index was weakly positively correlated with VFM and P‐PDFF, and r/P were 0.385/<0.001 and 0.221/0.030. There was a difference of VFM, H‐PDFF, and P‐PDFF between low TyG group and high TyG group (P < 0.05). Adjusting for age and BMI, VFM, and H‐PDFF were the risk factors of high TyG, and H‐PDFF was the independent risk factor of high TyG.ConclusionsVFM and H‐PDFF were the risk factors of IR, and H‐PDFF was the independent risk factor. Early identification and active treatment of adipose tissue deposition, especially hepatic fat deposition, may reserve and delay the progression of IR and even metabolic syndrome.
The PtobZIP55–PtoMYB170 module regulates the wood anatomical and chemical properties of Populus tomentosa in acclimation to low nitrogen availability
Authors: Wu Jiangting , Deng Shurong , Wang Yang , Jia Chenlin , Wei Jia , Zhou Mengyan , Zhu Dongyue , Li Zhuorong , Fayyaz Payam , Luo Zhi‐Bin , Zhou Jing , Shi Wenguang 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTPoplar plantations are often established on nitrogen‐poor land, and poplar growth and wood formation are constrained by low nitrogen (LN) availability. However, the molecular mechanisms by which specific genes regulate wood formation in acclimation to LN availability remain unclear. Here, we report a previously unrecognized module, basic region/leucine zipper 55 (PtobZIP55)–PtoMYB170, which regulates the wood formation of Populus tomentosa in acclimation to LN availability. PtobZIP55 was highly expressed in poplar wood and induced by LN. Altered wood anatomical properties and increased lignification were detected in PtobZIP55‐overexpressing poplars, whereas the opposite results were detected in PtobZIP55‐knockout poplars. Molecular and transgenic analyses revealed that PtobZIP55 directly binds to the promoter sequence of PtoMYB170 to activate its transcription. The phenotypes of PtoMYB170 transgenic poplars were similar to those of PtobZIP55 transgenic poplars under LN conditions. Further molecular analyses revealed that PtoMYB170 directly bound the promoter sequences of lignin biosynthetic genes to activate their transcription to increase lignin concentrations in LN‐treated poplar wood. These results suggest that PtobZIP55 activates PtoMYB170 transcription, which in turn positively regulates lignin biosynthetic genes, increasing lignin deposition in the wood of P. tomentosa in the context of acclimation to LN availability.
Impact of PNPLA3 in Lean Individuals and in Cryptogenic Steatotic Liver Disease
Authors: Seko Yuya , Lin Huapeng , Wong Vincent Wai‐Sun , Okanoue Takeshi 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundAlthough metabolic dysfunction‐associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is strongly associated with obesity, around 20% of individuals with hepatic steatosis may nonetheless have normal body mass index, a condition often referred to as lean nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Under the new nomenclature and definition of MASLD, lean NAFLD can be further divided into lean MASLD (when there is one or more cardiometabolic risk factors) and cryptogenic steatotic liver disease (when there is no cardiometabolic risk factor).ResultsCurrent studies suggest that the at‐risk PNPLA3 rs738409 variant is more common among individuals with lean NAFLD than their overweight and obese counterparts. However, even in this group, cardiometabolic risk factors are often required for the development of hepatic steatosis and liver injury. In the general population, PNPLA3 gene polymorphism is associated with an increased risk of MASLD, more severe liver histology (i.e., the presence of steatohepatitis and fibrosis) and future development of hepatocellular carcinoma and cirrhotic complications. Emerging data also suggest that individuals carrying the PNPLA3 GG genotype might have a greater reduction in hepatic steatosis and liver enzymes with lifestyle intervention and metabolic treatments, such as glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonists.ConclusionStudies have not specifically examined the impact of PNPLA3 in lean individuals.