bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Items of armament of the XVII-XIX centuries from the territory of the upper posad of Tobolsk
Authors: Zagvazdin Evgeniy Petrovich 
Published: December 2024

The purpose of the article is to consider and analyze the items of weapons of the XVII–XIX centuries, discovered during archaeological excavations in 2019 in Tobolsk on one site of the historical quarter of the city on the street. Oktyabrskaya, 9, on the site of the former Spassky estate. The analyzed artifacts are represented by cold throwing weapons – an instance of a well-preserved bone arrow; the collection of firearms also includes finds of rifle flints and cannon ammunition. The studied collection of weapons marks the layers of different times at the excavation site, which is consistent with the dating numismatic material. Despite the fact that this is not the first such archaeological collection in Tobolsk, it allows you to expand the range of finds of weapons in the city. These findings demonstrate the military potential of the city of Tobolsk, which was one of the strongholds in the development of Siberia. The main research methods presented in the publication on the materials of the 2019 excavations in Tobolsk are analytical, comparative-historical, chronological, stratigraphic, typological, morphological. The analysis of weapons items of the XVII–XIX centuries from the excavations in 2019 at the site of one of the historical quarters of the upper posad of Tobolsk on the street Oktyabrsky showed that various types of it were used. These were both quite archaic (bow, arrows), which could be used for hunting, as well as for military defensive purposes, and advanced firearms used in combat (shotguns with a shock-flintlock, artillery). In general, these finds demonstrate the military potential of the city, which during the XVII–XVIII centuries occupied a leading position in the development of vast territories of Siberia and the Far East. Also, the presented samples of weapons expand the cartography of their detection, which was previously known mainly on the territory of the Tobolsk Kremlin – Red Square, and this, in turn, allows us to raise the question of localizing the places of residence of the city's military personnel north of the Kremlin.
Isolation and Characterization of a Ranavirus Associated with Disease Outbreaks in Cultured Hybrid Grouper (♀ Tiger Grouper Epinephelus fuscoguttatus × ♂ Giant Grouper E. lanceolatus) in Guangxi, China
Authors: Xiao Hehe , Liu Mingzhu , Li Siqiao , Shi Deqiang , Zhu Donglin , Ke Ke , Xu Youhou , Dong Dexin , Zhu Libo , Yu Qing , Li Pengfei 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
An outbreak of suspected iridovirus disease in cultured hybrid grouper (♀Tiger Grouper Epinephelus fuscoguttatus × ♂ Giant Grouper Epinephelus lanceolatus) occurred in the Guangxi Province in July, 2018. In this study, grouper iridovirus Guangxi (SGIV-Gx) was isolated from diseased hybrid grouper that were collected from Guangxi. Cytopathic effects were observed and identified in grouper spleen cells that were incubated with diseased tissue homogenates after 24 h, and the effects increased at 48 h postinfection. The transmission electron microscopy results showed that viral particles that were about 200 nm in diameter with hexagonal profiles were present in the cell cytoplasm of suspected virus-infected cells. The presence of SGIV-Gx (accession number: MK107821) was identified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and amplicon sequencing, which showed that this strain was most closely related to Singapore grouper iridovirus (AY521625.1). The detection of SGIV-Gx infection was further supported by novel aptamer (Q2c)-based detection technology. The effects of temperature and pH on viral infectivity were analyzed by using reverse transcription quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and cell culture. The results indicated that SGIV-Gx was resistant to exposure to pH levels 5, 7, and 7.5 for 1 h, but its infectivity was remarkably lower at pH levels 3 and 10 after 1 h. The analyses showed that SGIV-Gx was stable for 1 h at 4°C and 25°C but was inactivated after 1 h at 40, 50, and 60°C.
Mechanochromic Reconfigurable Metasurfaces
Authors: Karvounis Artemios , Aspiotis Nikolaos , Zeimpekis Ioannis , Ou Jun‐Yu , Huang Chung‐Che , Hewak Daniel , Zheludev Nikolay I. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe change of optical properties that some usually natural compounds or polymeric materials show upon the application of external stress is named mechanochromism. Herein, an artificial nanomechanical metasurface formed by a subwavelength nanowire array made of molybdenum disulfide, molybdenum oxide, and silicon nitride changes color upon mechanical deformation. The aforementioned deformation induces reversible changes in the optical transmission (relative transmission change of 197% at 654 nm), thus demonstrating a giant mechanochromic effect. Moreover, these types of metasurfaces can exist in two nonvolatile states presenting a difference in optical transmission of 45% at 678 nm, when they are forced to bend rapidly. The wide optical tunability that photonic nanomechanical metasurfaces, such as the one presented here, possess by design, can provide a valuable platform for mechanochromic and bistable responses across the visible and near infrared regime and form a new family of smart materials with applications in reconfigurable, multifunctional photonic filters, switches, and stress sensors.
Accelerating CO2 capture of highly permeable polymer through incorporating highly selective hollow zeolite imidazolate framework
Authors: Wu Xingyu , Ren Yanxiong , Sui Guomin , Wang Guangzhe , Xu Guangshuai , Yang Leixin , Wu Yingzhen , He Guangwei , Nasir Nayab , Wu Hong , Jiang Zhongyi 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe implementation of high‐performance membranes in large‐scale CO2 capture has the potential to significantly decrease the capture cost and reduce the environmental footprints. However, highly permeable polymers rarely have sufficient selectivity for energy‐efficient carbon capture. In this study, zeolite imidazolate framework hollow nanoparticles (ZIF‐HNPs) were synthesized and embedded into highly permeable polymers as versatile fillers to prepare mixed matrix membranes (MMMs). The interior hollow architecture minimizes transport resistance of gas diffusion through the fillers while its molecular‐sieving shell provides high selectivity. With 28 vol% loading of ZIF‐HNPs, the membrane exhibits CO2 permeability of 7,128 Barrer and CO2/CH4 selectivity of 16.4 (57.7% and 31.4% higher than these of pristine membrane), which surpass the upper bound of the state‐of‐the‐art reported polymeric membranes. Meanwhile, we proposed a modified Maxwell model based on the hierarchical structure of the MMM to analyze the effects of cavity size and loading on gas transport behaviors within membranes.
Attachment‐Based Family Therapy in a Psychiatric Inpatient Unit for Young Adults
Authors: Devacht Ilse , Bosmans Guy , Dewulf Steven , Levy Suzanne , Diamond Guy S. 
Published: September 2019

This paper describes the implementation of an evidence‐based family therapy program in an inpatient young adult psychiatric unit. This unit was initially organised on a cognitive behaviour therapy framework but this did not sufficiently meet the young adults’ developmental demands. The unit leadership team decided to implement attachment‐based family therapy (ABFT). This is an outpatient family therapeutic program that aims to restore ruptures in the relationships between youngsters and their primary caregiving environment. To implement ABFT, the unit staff (1) adjusted the family therapeutic model to fit the young adults’ developmental needs, and (2) adjusted the treatment milieu of the unit to support the family therapeutic sessions. In this contribution we present a descriptive evaluation of the first 3 years of experience in adjusting ABFT to meet hospitalised young adults’ needs in mental health care and in the transition of the unit into an attachment‐based family‐focused treatment milieu.
Seawater/alkaline liquid cascade‐scrubbing desulfurization performance for the exhaust gas of a 162‐kW marine diesel engine
Authors: Kuang Min , Hu Xuehui , Yang Guohua , Wang Jinxin , Yuan Guanghui , Tao Chujiong , Wu Sili , Ding Jieyi , Meng Xinyi 
Published: September 2019

AbstractA cascade‐scrubbing technology was developed for marine diesel engines to improve the current once‐through desulfurization solutions. To confirm the seawater/alkaline liquid cascade‐scrubbing advantages of higher efficiencies and lower lye consumption compared with current solutions, desulfurization experiments with different scrubbing models were performed for a 162‐kW marine diesel engine. In the open‐loop model with SO2 of 1,000–2,860 mg/Nm3, desulfurization with the allowed liquid–gas ratios ≤8 L/Nm3 for the packing tower failed to fully meet the ECA's requirements, despite the efficiency increasing with liquid–gas ratio, seawater alkalinity, and packing height and decreasing with SO2 concentration. In the closed‐loop solution, to obligate the ECA's requirements with SO2 of 2,860 mg/Nm3, a high liquid–gas ratio of 4.8 L/Nm3 was necessitated at Na/S=2. In contrast, in the seawater/alkaline liquid cascade‐scrubbing model under high‐sulfur and low‐alkalinity conditions (2,860 mg/Nm3 and 0.84 mmol/L), the solution utilized 5–6 L/Nm3 seawater in the main scrubbing section to scrub 80–90% SO2 and an extremely low alkaline‐liquid dose below 1 L/Nm3 in the auxiliary scrubbing section to remove the residual SO2, finally allowing a high efficiency ahead of the open‐loop model and meanwhile cutting down an 80–90% lye consumption compared with the closed‐loop model.
Effect of Conjugation Mode on Intramolecular Charge Transfer in Fabricating Acid‐Responsive Fluorophores
Authors: Wang Rong , Ding Ju , Wang Yuxiu , Zhang Yanrong 
Published: September 2019

AbstractSolid‐state acid‐responsive materials are promising for the tunability of their intrinsic properties. However, the relationship between molecular structure and emission shift as a response to acid stimuli has not been systematically studied. Herein, we report the effect of protonation and subsequent intramolecular hydrogen bonding on the photophysical properties of compounds (MPP‐s, MPP‐d, and MPP‐d‐CN) with different conjugation modes between the electron‐donating dimethoxyl phenyl and the electron‐withdrawing benzothiazole ring. The results established that the stronger the intramolecular charge transfer feature of the compound, the smaller is the emission shift after acid stimuli. Our studies also indicated that the conjugation mode significantly affected the solid‐state packing mode: MPP‐s and MPP‐d tended to form dimers, while MPP‐d‐CN exhibited the strongest aggregation‐induced emission enhancement (AIEE). The exploration of structure‐property relationship would provide experimental and theoretical guidance in designing acid‐responsive molecular switches and developing high‐performance AIEE‐active luminogens.
Portfolio selection for individual passive investing
Authors: Puelz David , Hahn P. Richard , Carvalho Carlos M. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThis paper considers passive fund selection from an individual investor's perspective. The growth of the passive fund market over the past decade is staggering. Individual investors who wish to buy these funds for their retirement and brokerage accounts have many options and are faced with a difficult selection problem. Which funds do they invest in, and in what proportions? We develop a novel statistical methodology to address this problem by adapting recent advances in posterior summarization. A Bayesian decision‐theoretic approach is presented to construct optimal sparse portfolios for individual investors over time.
Best Performing SiGe/Si Core‐Shell Nanoparticles Synthesized in One Step for High Capacity Anodes
Authors: Desrues Antoine , Alper John P. , Boismain Florent , Zapata Dominguez Diana , Berhaut Christopher , Coulon Pierre‐Eugène , Soloy Adrien , Grisch Frédéric , Tardif Samuel , Pouget Stéphanie , Lyonnard Sandrine , Haon Cédric , Herlin‐Boime Nathalie 
Published: September 2019

AbstractSilicon‐germanium nanostructures are promising anode materials for high stability, high capacity, and fast cycling Li‐ion batteries. In this work, we report on the outstanding performance of new SiGe/Si core@shell nanoparticle heterostructures synthetized in one step by laser pyrolysis of silane and germane. By tuning the silane to germane ratio, the composition of Si100‐xGex alloy was readily adjusted. Nanoparticles with x=0, 20, 47, 77, and 100 were investigated and the composition of each alloy (including internal mixed phases) was confirmed by X‐ray diffraction and energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy. The electrochemical performances of the Si100‐xGex alloys were evaluated by cycling half cell batteries from C/5 to 5 C. The optimal trade‐off between stability and capacity was obtained in Si53Ge47 core shell nanoparticles alloy. This material exhibits the best performance reported so far for SiGe compounds, with a reversible specific capacity of 1695 mAh.g−1 after 60 cycles (90 % of its initial value). The (de)alloying properties of this optimal Si53Ge47 heterostructure were followed by operando synchrotron WAXS measurements, suggesting sequential lithiation of the various phases present in the material. The alloying process, combined with the realization of peculiar nanostructures composed of a Ge‐rich core and a Si‐rich shell, therefore allow to reach electrochemical properties suited for a practical application in energy storage device.
Racial disparities in alpha‐fetoprotein testing and alpha‐fetoprotein status associated with the diagnosis and outcome of hepatocellular carcinoma patients
Authors: Wu Guoyi , Wu Jing , Pan Xiaoben , Liu Bo , Yao Zhicheng , Guo Yuan , Shi Xiaolei , Ding Yitao 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe use of alpha‐fetoprotein (AFP) testing for the surveillance, diagnosis, and prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains controversial. Here, we compared AFP testing rates, elevated AFP rates, factors associated with elevated AFP levels, and prognostic factors associated with overall survival (OS) in HCC patients from different ethnic groups.MethodsPatients with HCC were identified from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results registries. Race was categorized as white, black, and others. AFP testing rates and elevated AFP rates were analyzed. Multivariable logistic regression and Cox regression analyses were used to identify independent factors associated with elevated AFP levels and prognosis, respectively. All statistical tests were two sided.ResultsA proportion of 79.2% of total HCC patients had AFP testing reports; 77.3% of white, 79.7% of black, and 81.2% of other races underwent AFP testing. Compared with white and other races, black HCC patients had a higher rate of elevated AFP levels among all patients and the early‐stage HCC patient cohort. Elevated AFP level was a significant prognostic factor for all HCC patients in different race groups. Factors associated with elevated AFP level and prognostic factors associated with OS varied significantly by race.ConclusionsAFP testing, elevated AFP rates, predictors of elevated AFP level, and prognostic factors associated with OS differed significantly according to race after adjusting for AFP levels among the three groups. AFP testing for the surveillance, diagnosis, and prognosis of HCC patients is strongly recommended, although racial disparities need to be considered.
Efficient and Selective Oxidation of Aromatic Amines to Azoxy Derivatives over Aluminium and Gallium Oxide Catalysts with Nanorod Morphology
Authors: Singh Bhawan , Mandelli Dalmo , Pescarmona Paolo P. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractAluminium oxide and gallium oxide nanorods were identified as highly efficient heterogeneous catalysts for the selective oxidation of aromatic amines to azoxy compounds using hydrogen peroxide as environmentally friendly oxidant. This is the first report of the selective oxidation of aromatic amines to their azoxy derivatives without using transition metal catalysts. Among the tested transition‐metal‐free oxides, gallium oxide nanorods with small dimensions (9–52 nm length and 3–5 nm width) and fully accessible, high surface area (225 m2 g−1) displayed the best catalytic performance in terms of substrate versatility, activity and azoxybenzene selectivity. Furthermore, the catalyst loading, hydrogen peroxide type (aqueous or anhydrous), and the amount of solvent were tuned to optimise the catalytic performance, which allowed reaching almost full selectivity (98 %) towards azoxybenzene at high aniline conversion (94 %). Reusability tests showed that the gallium oxide nanorod catalyst can be recycled in consecutive runs with complete retention of the original activity and selectivity.
Electrocatalytic Properties of Immobilized Heme Proteins: Basic Principles and Applications
Authors: Ranieri Antonio , Bortolotti Carlo Augusto , Di Rocco Giulia , Battistuzzi Gianantonio , Sola Marco , Borsari Marco 
Published: September 2019

AbstractHeme proteins encompass redox enzymes, electron transferases, and species for dioxygen transport and storage. Upon immobilization on a conductive surface, heme proteins can accomplish bioelectrocatalysis. In this process, they carry out oxidation or reduction of substrates at a solid electrode acting as electron acceptor or donor, respectively, thanks to electron transfer processes occurring at the interphase. The efficiency of bioelectrocatalysis depends on the electrical communication of the protein with the electrode surface, retention of protein structure upon adsorption and accessibility of the substrate to the active site. This Minireview outlines the main factors affecting bioelectrocatalysis by adsorbed heme proteins, highlights open issues, and summarizes recent advances in the field.
Effect of Chloride Oxidation on Local Electric Fields in Microelectrochemical Systems
Authors: Davies Collin D. , Johnson Sarah E. , Crooks Richard M. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractWe recently reported that electrochemical oxidation of Cl− to neutral Cl2 decreases solution conductivity, thereby yielding a local electric field gradient. Here, we report detailed experimental results and simulations indicating that the situation is more complex than we originally thought. The key new findings are twofold. First, once generated, Cl2 rapidly reacts with water to form ionic species that increase, rather than decrease, solution conductivity near the anode. Second, the electrochemical potential gradient measured in the vicinity of the anode during Cl− oxidation is dominated by differences in the chemical potential, rather than the electrical potential, of the solution. These findings clarify the electrochemical and chemical processes previously reported to enable desalination via faradaic Cl− oxidation.
Value of combined use of fine‐needle aspiration and core needle biopsy in palpable breast tumors performed by pathologist: Institut Curie experience
Authors: Sustova Pavla , Klijanienko Jerzy 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe aim of this study was to determine the accuracy of fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) and core needle biopsy (CNB) for palpable breast tumors (PBTs). FNA and CNB of 492 PBTs from 477 patients were analyzed. Tumors were malignant in 473 cases and benign in 19 cases. There was a strong correlation (P > .05) between FNA and CNB in terms of malignancy. Among 473 malignant tumors, FNA had better accuracy and less unsatisfactory results (95.6%; 2.7%) than CNB (94.9%; 4.9%). Among 19 benign tumors, CNB was accurate in 100% compared to 94.7% using FNA. There were only two (0.4%) cases where result was unsatisfactory by both FNA and CNB. NPV was 56.3% for FNA, 43.2% for CNB, and 95.0% for FNA and CNB combined. Sensitivity was 97.0% for FNA, 94.7% for CNB, and 99.8% for FNA and CNB combined. PPV and specificity was 100% for FNA and CNB both separately and combined. Combined use of FNA with CNB is an optimal diagnostic method for PBTs. In our opinion, this should be recommended as standard for diagnosis of PBTs.
A tumor suppressor Retinoblastoma1 is essential for embryonic development in the sea urchin
Authors: Fernandez‐Nicolas Ana , Xu Derek , Yajima Mamiko 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackgroundEmbryonic cells and cancer cells share various cellular characteristics important for their functions. It has been thus proposed that similar mechanisms of regulation may be present in these otherwise disparate cell types.ResultsTo explore how regulative embryonic cells are fundamentally different from cancerous cells, we report here that a fine balance of a tumor suppressor protein Retinoblastoma1 (Rb1) and a germline factor Vasa are important for proper cell proliferation and differentiation of the somatic cells during embryogenesis of the sea urchin. Rb1 knockdown blocked embryonic development and induced Vasa accumulation in the entire embryo, while its overexpression resulted in a smaller‐sized embryo with differentiated body structures. These results suggest that a titrated level of Rb1 protein may be essential for a proper balance of cell proliferation and differentiation during development. Vasa knockdown or overexpression, on the other hand, reduced or increased Rb1 protein expression, respectively.ConclusionsTaken together, it appears that Vasa protein positively regulates Rb1 protein while Rb1 protein negatively regulates Vasa protein, balancing the act of these two antagonistic molecules in somatic cells. This mechanism may provide a fine control of cell proliferation and differentiation, which is essential for regulative embryonic development.
Parameter optimization of double‐blade normal milk processing and mixing performance based on RSM and BP‐GA
Authors: Qi Jiangtao , Zhao Wenwen , Kan Za , Meng Hewei , Li Yaping 
Published: September 2019

AbstractTemperature stability was taken as the evaluation index of processing performance, and the three factors that influence normal milk processing and mixing performance were optimized by response surface analysis and BP‐GA neural network algorithm. Analysis results showed the influence order of the factors on temperature stability was as follows: shape > height > rotating speed. In the optimization by response surface methodology (RSM), when rotating speed was 30 r/min, height was 31 mm, and blade shape was a full trapezoid, predicted value and actual value of variable coefficient were 0.0046 and 0.0044 respectively, with relative error of 4.5%. In the optimization by BP‐GA neural network algorithm, when rotating speed was 34 r/min, height was 25 mm, and blade shape was a full trapezoid, the predicted value and actual value of variable coefficient were 0.0036 and 0.0035 respectively, with relative error of 2.9%. The predicted root‐mean‐square error of the model by the BP‐GA neural network algorithm was 0.0013, determination coefficient was 0.9960, and relative percent deviation was 8.4961, which showed better performance than the RSM model. Thus, the BP‐GA neural network algorithm has better fitting performance, and then, the optimal working parameter combination was confirmed, which could provide reference to improving double‐blade normal milk processing and mixing device design and milk processing quality.