bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Body mass index and clinical outcomes in patients after ischaemic stroke in South Korea: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Choi HeeKyoung , Nam Hyo Suk , Han Euna 
Published: August 2019

ObjectivesAlthough obesity is a risk factor for stroke, its impact on mortality in patients with stroke remains unclear. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and mortality due to ischaemic stroke among adults aged 20 years and above in Korea.DesignRetrospective cohort study.SettingA tertiary-hospital-based stroke registry linked to the death records.Participants3599 patients admitted for ischaemic stroke from January 2007 to June 2013.Outcome measuresThe HRs for all-cause and stroke-related mortality were calculated using Cox proportional hazards models. Progression from stroke-related mortality was assessed using the Fine-Grey competing risk model, treating other-cause mortality as a competing risk. Adjustments were made for age, gender, smoking status, Charlson comorbidity index, cardiovascular or non-cardiovascular comorbidities, stroke severity, severity related to other medical conditions, complications and enrolment year. We repeated the analysis with stratification based on age groups (less than 65 vs 65 years and above).ResultsFor stroke-related mortality, there was no significant difference among the four BMI groups. The risk of all-cause mortality was 36% higher in the underweight group than in the normal weight group (long-term HR=1.36, 95% CI: 1.04 to 1.79), whereas the mortality risk of the obese group was significantly lower (HR=0.66, 95% CI: 0.54 to 0.81). Although this relationship was not estimated in the younger group, it was found that obesity had a protective effect on the all-cause mortality in the elderly (long-term HR=0.66, 95% CI: 0.52 to 0.83).ConclusionsObesity is more likely to reduce mortality risk than normal weight, especially in elderly patients.
Prevalence and risk factors for food allergy in older people: protocol for a systematic review
Authors: Laia-Dias Inês , Lozoya-Ibáñez Carlos , Skypala Isabel , Gama Jorge M R , Nurmatov Ulugbek , Lourenço Olga , Taborda-Barata Luís 
Published: August 2019

IntroductionStudies suggest that the prevalence of food allergy may be increasing worldwide. Results regarding the prevalence and features of adverse food reactions older people have, however, scarcely been analysed in the literature. Thus, the objective of the present systematic review will be to describe the prevalence of food allergy in older individuals, its risk factors, clinical features, as well as the most frequently and commonly involved foods.Methods and analysisWe will conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of the incidence, prevalence and risk factors for food allergy in older individuals. We will search international electronic databases including MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, AMED and ISI Web of Science for published, unpublished and ongoing studies from 1980 toJanuary 2019. There will be no restriction on the language or geography of publication. We will use the critical appraisal skills programme quality assessment tool to appraise the methodological quality of included studies. A descriptive summary with data tables will be elaborated, and if deemed clinically relevant and statistically adequate, meta-analysis using random-effects modelling will be carried out, given the expected clinical, methodological and statistical heterogeneity of studies. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses checklist will guide reporting of the systematic review.Ethics and disseminationSince this systematic review will be solely based on published and retrievable literature, no ethics approval will be obtained. This study will allow us to draw up-to-date estimates of the prevalence of adverse food reactions in older individuals, worldwide, besides allowing the identification of its major risk factors, clinical manifestations and predominant foods responsible for such reactions. A multidisciplinary team has been assembled for this systematic review and will participate in relevant dissemination activities, namely reports, publications and presentations.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42018102140
Motivating Structured walking Activity in people with Intermittent Claudication (MOSAIC): protocol for a randomised controlled trial of a physiotherapist-led, behavioural change intervention versus usual care in adults with intermittent claudication
Authors: Bearne Lindsay , Galea Holmes Melissa , Bieles Julie , Eddy Saskia , Fisher Graham , Modarai Bijan , Patel Sanjay , Peacock Janet L , Sackley Catherine , Volkmer Brittannia , Weinman John 
Published: August 2019

IntroductionWalking exercise is a recommended but underused treatment for intermittent claudication caused by peripheral arterial disease (PAD). Addressing the factors that influence walking exercise may increase patient uptake of and adherence to recommended walking. The primary aim of this randomised controlled trial (RCT) is to evaluate the efficacy of a physiotherapist-led behavioural change intervention on walking ability in adults with intermittent claudication (MOtivating Structured walking Activity in people with Intermittent Claudication (MOSAIC)) in comparison with usual care.Methods and analysisThe MOSAIC trial is a two-arm, parallel-group, single-blind RCT. 192 adults will be recruited from six National Health Service Hospital Trusts. Inclusion criteria are: aged ≥50 years, PAD (Ankle Brachial Pressure Index ≤0.90, radiographic evidence or clinician report) and intermittent claudication (San Diego Claudication Questionnaire), being able and willing to participate and provide informed consent. The primary outcome is walking ability (6 min walking distance) at 3 months. Outcomes will be obtained at baseline, 3 and 6 months by an assessor blind to group allocation. Participants will be individually randomised (n=96/group, stratified by centre) to receive either MOSAIC or usual care by an independent randomisation service. Estimates of treatment effects will use an intention-to-treat framework implemented using multiple regression adjusted for baseline values and centre.Ethics and disseminationThis trial has full ethical approval (London—Bloomsbury Research Ethics Committee (17/LO/0568)). It will be disseminated via patient forums, peer-reviewed publications and conference presentations.Trial registration numberISRCTN14501418
Risk factors for new ischaemic cerebral lesions after carotid artery stenting: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Feng Yao , Li Long , Bai Xuesong , Wang Tao , Chen Yanfei , Zhang Xiao , Ling Feng , Jiao Liqun 
Published: August 2019

IntroductionNew ischaemic cerebral lesions (NICL) detected by diffusion-weighted imaging MRI are common after carotid artery stenting (CAS), with an occurrence rate ranging from 18% to 57%. Many studies reported occurrence of NICL could increase risk of future cerebrovascular events and cognitive impairment. However, controversies about determinants for occurrence of NICL after CAS exist among studies, and one risk factor embodied in an article may not be in another. Aim of this study is to introduce a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis to identify risk factors associated with occurrence of NICL after CAS.Methods and analysisAll relevant literature referring to risk factors for occurrence of NICL after CAS will be searched on the major databases, such as PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and the Cochrane Library until 31 December 2018. Literature, which must be randomised controlled trials, case–control studies or cohort studies, will be included in accordance with the prespecified eligibility criteria. The risk of bias will be assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration criteria and the quality of evidence will be assessed with the corresponding scale. Data will be extracted with a form prepared before and analysed using RevMan V.5.3 analyses software. Heterogeneity will be assessed using I2statistic. Our systematic review will be performed according to the guidance from the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement.Ethics and disseminationThere is no need for ethical approval because primary data will not be attained. The systematic review will be presented at international conferences and published in peer-reviewed journals.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42019121129
Percutaneous A1 Pulley Release Combined with Finger Splint for Trigger Finger with Proximal Interphalangeal Joint Flexion Contracture
Authors: Yang Tzu-Cheng , Fufa Duretti , Huang Hui-Kuang , Huang Yi-Chao , Chang Ming-Chau , Wang Jung-Pan 
Published: August 2019

Background: Long-standing trigger finger can lead to proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joint flexion contracture. In the present study, we present the clinical outcome of percutaneous release with finger splinting for trigger finger with PIP joint flexion contracture prospectively. Methods: We compared outcomes in patients with trigger fingers combined with proximal interphalangeal joint flexion contracture treated by percutaneous release therapy regimen alone (group I) or percutaneous trigger finger release combined with finger splint (group II) during January 2011 and May 2016 with 6 months follow up. Results: Sixty-five patients were randomly allocated to group I (35 patients) or group II (30 patients). Symptoms of locking sensation and pain over the A1 pulley were improved in all patients. The patients in group II showed significantly greater improvements in the flexion contracture angles of proximal interphalangeal joint at post-operative 3 months later (group I, 9.4° ± 4.1°; group II, 27.8° ± 4.6°) and at 6 months later (group I, 15.1° ± 5.2°; group II, 35.7° ± 5.3°) relative to group I. In group II, 25 fingers achieved near full extension (< 10° contracture) after 6 months. Conclusions: Percutaneous release combined with finger splint is regarded as a useful therapy to speed recovery of trigger finger with proximal interphalangeal joint flexion contracture.
Outcomes of the Hemi-Hamatum Arthroplasty
Authors: Verdins Karlis , Nefjodovs Vadims 
Published: August 2019

Background: Multi-fragmental intra-articular middle phalanx base fractures mostly occur in young adults during sports or work-related activities. If left untreated properly proximal interphalangeal joint (PIPJ) instability and pain persists, thus impairing the hand’s function and the patient’s quality of life. Joint surface reconstruction with hamate osteochondral graft can be used for multi-fragmental middle phalanx base reconstruction. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted. The technique was used for 17 patients. Follow-up was performed at least 6 months after the surgery. Patients were asked to fulfil multiple surveys: Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH), Patient-Rated Wrist Evaluation (PRWE) and Modern Activity Subjective Survey 2007 (MASS07). Objective measurements included strength of the power and pinch grip, range of motions (ROM) in both proximal interphalangeal and distal interphalangeal (DIPJ) joints. All measurements were taken on both hands, on operated and contralateral fingers. Results: Out of 17 patients 5 were females and 12 males, mean age 40 (ranged 22-65 years) Eleven patients agreed to participate in the follow-up. All patients were right-handed, 8 patients had injured their right hand. The injuries’ aetiologies were sports (n = 3), fighting (n = 2) and work-related (n = 4). Six patients were treated with immobilisation before the surgery, which was performed on average 45 days after the injury (ranged 1–184 days). Two patients developed arthrosis post-operatively and received synthetic joints. Mean DASH score was 6.9, PRWE score was 5.2 and mean MASS07 score was 6.8. Patients achieved on average 90% of power grip and 100% of pinch grip with their injured hand compared to their healthy hand. Average ROM in PIPJ was 82.2° and in DIPJ 68.9°. No patients experienced joint instability or chronic pain. Conclusions: Hemi-hamate arthroplasty provides satisfactory results in patients with both acute and chronic dislocated intra-articular middle phalanx base fractures.
c-Kit suppresses atherosclerosis in hyperlipidemic mice
Authors: Song Lei , Zigmond Zachary M. , Martinez Laisel , Lassance-Soares Roberta M. , Macias Alejandro E. , Velazquez Omaida C. , Liu Zhao-Jun , Salama Alghidak , Webster Keith A. , Vazquez-Padron Roberto I. 
Published: August 2019

Atherosclerosis is the most common underlying cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality worldwide. c-Kit (CD117) is a member of the receptor tyrosine kinase family, which regulates differentiation, proliferation, and survival of multiple cell types. Recent studies have shown that c-Kit and its ligand stem cell factor (SCF) are present in arterial endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells (SMCs). The role of c-Kit in cardiovascular disease remains unclear. The aim of the current study is to determine the role of c-Kit in atherogenesis. For this purpose, atherosclerotic plaques were quantified in c-Kit-deficient mice (KitMut) after they were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for 16 wk. KitMutmice demonstrated substantially greater atherosclerosis compared with control (KitWT) littermates ( P < 0.01). Transplantation of c-Kit-positive bone marrow cells into KitMutmice failed to rescue the atherogenic phenotype, an indication that increased atherosclerosis was associated with reduced arterial c-Kit. To investigate the mechanism, SMC organization and morphology were analyzed in the aorta by histopathology and electron microscopy. SMCs were more abundant, disorganized, and vacuolated in aortas of c-Kit mutant mice compared with controls ( P < 0.05). Markers of the “contractile” SMC phenotype (calponin, SM22α) were downregulated with pharmacological and genetic c-Kit inhibition ( P < 0.05). The absence of c-Kit increased lipid accumulation and significantly reduced the expression of the ATP-binding cassette transporter G1 (ABCG1) necessary for lipid efflux in SMCs. Reconstitution of c-Kit in cultured KitMutSMCs resulted in increased spindle-shaped morphology, reduced proliferation, and elevated levels of contractile markers, all indicators of their restored contractile phenotype ( P < 0.05).NEW & NOTEWORTHY This study describes the novel vasculoprotective role of c-Kit against atherosclerosis and its function in the preservation of the SMC contractile phenotype.
Clinical Efficacy and Tumor Microenvironment Influence in a Dose-Escalation Study of Anti-CD19 Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cells in Refractory B-Cell Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma
Authors: Yan Zi-Xun , Li Li , Wang Wen , OuYang Bin-Shen , Cheng Shu , Wang Li , Wu Wen , Xu Peng-Peng , Muftuoglu Muharrem , Hao Ming , Yang Su , Zhang Mu-Chen , Zheng Zhong , Li James , Zhao Wei-Li 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Purpose:
Anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells represent a novel immunotherapy and are highly effective in treating relapsed/refractory B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (B-NHL). How tumor microenvironment influences clinical response to CAR T therapy remains of great interest.

Patients and Methods:
A phase I, first-in-human, dose-escalation study of anti-CD19 JWCAR029 was conducted in refractory B-NHL (NCT03355859) and 10 patients received CAR T cells at an escalating dose of 2.5 × 107(n = 3), 5 × 107(n = 4), and 1 × 108(n = 3) cells. Core needle biopsy was performed on tumor samples collected from diffuse large B-cell lymphoma patients on Day −6 (1 day before lymphodepletion) and on Day 11 after CAR T-cell infusion when adequate CAR T-cell expansion was detected.

Results:
The overall response rate was 100%, with 6 of 9 (66.7%) evaluable patients achieving complete remission. The most common adverse events of grade 3 or higher were neutropenia (10/10, 100%), anemia (3/10, 30%), thrombocytopenia (3/10, 30%), and hypofibrinogenemia (2/10, 20%). Grade 1 cytokine release syndrome occurred in all patients and grade 3 neurotoxicity in 1 patient. The average peak levels of peripheral blood CAR T cells and cytokines were similar in 3 different dose levels, but CAR T cells were significantly higher in patients achieved complete remission on Day 29. Meanwhile, RNA sequencing identified gene expression signatures differentially enriched in complete and partial remission patients. Increased tumor-associated macrophage infiltration was negatively associated with remission status.

Conclusions:
JWCAR029 was effective and safe in treating refractory B-NHL. The composition of the tumor microenvironment has a potential impact in CAR T therapy response.
FDA Approval Summary: Calaspargase Pegol-mknl For Treatment of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in Children and Young Adults
Authors: Li Ruo-Jing , Jin Runyan , Liu Chao , Cao Xianhua , Manning Michael L. , Di Xu Michael , Przepiorka Donna , Namuswe Frances , Deisseroth Albert , Goldberg Kirsten B. , Blumenthal Gideon M. , Pazdur Richard 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
On December 20, 2018, the Food and Drug Administration approved calaspargase pegol-mknl (CALASP), an asparagine-specific enzyme, as a component of a multi-agent chemotherapeutic regimen for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in pediatric and young adult patients age 1 month to 21 years. Efficacy was determined on the basis of achievement and maintenance of steady-state nadir serum asparaginase activity (NSAA) above 0.1 U/mL when using CALASP, 2,500 U/m2 intravenously, every 3 weeks. In a randomized comparison to pegaspargase (PEGASP) every 2 weeks, treatment with CALASP every 3 weeks had a similar safety profile and no substantial impairment in event-free survival. The pharmacokinetics of CALASP were studied when administered in combination with multiagent chemotherapy in 124 patients with B-cell ALL in Study AALL07P4 and Study DFCI 11-001. The results showed that 123 [99%, 95% confidence interval (CI), 96%–100%] of the 124 patients maintained NSAA &gt;0.1 U/mL at weeks 6, 12, 18, 24, and 30 of post-induction phase. Maintaining adequate NSAA levels is critical to successful treatment of ALL. Herein, we describe the FDA review and approval of CALASP.
See related commentary by Lew, p. 325
Low-Level Inhibition of Hsp90 Forces Cells to Tip Their (Antigenic) Hand
Authors: Srivastava Pramod K. , Callahan Margaret K. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Low-level inhibition of hsp90 enhances the antigenicity of cells whereas high-level inhibition diminishes antigenicity. The mechanism(s) by which hsp90 determines antigenicity are only partially clear. Regardless, these observations have profound implications in protein trafficking and antigen presentation and suggest a novel way to enhance the potency of existing anticancer agents.
See related article by Jaeger et al., p. 6392
Resenha do livro "Poesia e polícia: redes de comunicação na Paris do Século XVIII", de Robert Darnton
Authors: Gomes Mariana Albuquerque 
Published: August 2019

Resenha do livro "Poesia e polícia: redes de comunicação na Paris do século XVIII", do historiador Robert Darnton. No livro, publicado no Brasil em 2014, o autor articula dois temas que se entrecruzam ao longo da história: literatura e justiça. Ao desenhar as relações estabelecidas entre ambas através de uma narrativa investigativa que parte do arquivo policial sobre uma rigorosa operação, em meados dos anos de 1749, para localizar e apreender uma série de poemas que faziam injuria ao rei de França, Luís XV, Darnton ilumina as redes de comunicação existentes na Paris setecentista.
Roman policier et erreur judiciaire en France de 1866 à 1939: continuité et rupture de l’évolution d’un genre
Authors: Crackower Marion Degos 
Published: August 2019

Cet article se propose d’analyser l’évolution du roman policier français, de sa création en 1866 jusqu’en 1939 ; cela à travers la palette des éléments de sa composition, tout spécialement l’erreur judiciaire. Parce que la société est en constante évolution, la littérature connaît de profonds changements dans son appréciation et sa création. Ces transformations du genre ont été analysées au scope d’un corpus composé de 166 romans français, majeurs et mineurs.
“Like Phalaris in Every Way”: 3 Maccabees and Its Portrait of Tyranny
Authors: Dyer Bryan R. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThis article examines 3 Maccabees’ use of the sixth-century BCE tyrant Phalaris in its portrayal of its antagonist, King Ptolemy IV Philopator. Twice in the narrative (3 Macc 5:20, 42) the author explicitly compares Philopator to Phalaris. The author does not describe the earlier figure but assumes that the audience shares knowledge of his reputation and legendary deeds. After tracing the ancient literary evidence of Phalaris’ legacy, the article then argues that 3 Maccabees incorporates that legacy in more implicit ways in the narrative. This contributes to the author’s overall portrait of Philopator’s tyranny. It also helps explain some of the features of the text—specifically, the choice of Philopator’s execution device and the peril of newborn infants found in the narrative.
Reproductive biology of the four dominant species of catfish from the Persian Gulf
Authors: Mohseni Farideh , Valinassab Tooraj , Ramezani-Fard Ehsan , Fatemi S.M. Reza , Mortazavi Mohammad Seddiq 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Catfish are an important component of demersal fisheries in the Persian Gulf. This study describes reproductive aspects in the four common species of catfish, namely Netuma thalassina (Rüppell, 1837), Netuma bilineata (Valenciennes, 1840), Plicofollis dussumieri (Valenciennes, 1840), and Plicofollis layardi (Günther, 1866) collected from coastal areas of the Persian Gulf during spring and winter 2017. A total of 495 fishes were collected, including 151 N. thalassina, 12 N. bilineata, 212 P. dussumieri, and 120 P. layardi. The four species showed significant differences in total length as a measure of body size. Total length of these four species also differed significantly between the four seasons and between the sexes. Three species, i.e., N. thalassina, P. dussumieri, and P. layardi showed an overall female-biased sex ratio, while the sex ratio of N. bilineata did not differ from the expected equal proportions. The patterns of gonad development, gonadosomatic index, and hepatosomatic index of the four species showed that the breeding season of N. thalassina, P. dussumieri, and P. layardi was probably during winter. N. bilineata showed a different pattern; its breeding season is therefore expected to be spring. The size at first maturity of N. thalassina, P. dussumieri, N. bilineata, and P. layardi, was 44.99, 30.55, 29.60, and 27.01 cm, respectively. This study provides essential information for correct management during the reproductive cycle to maintain a healthy stock of these fishes.