bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“Fasting,” “Sackcloth,” and “Ashes”—From Nineveh to Shushan
Authors: Seidler Ayelet 
Published: February 2019

AbstractMany scholars have noted the linguistic links and similarities in content between the books of Esther and Jonah, and other biblical books. Some scholars have raised the possibility of a connection between Jonah and Esther themselves. This article will focus on establishing some further points of contact between these two books by comparing the descriptions of the fasting and mourning in Shushan (Esther 4) and Nineveh (Jonah 3). The mourning depicted in both Esther and Jonah should be understood as a petitionary mourning. As I shall demonstrate, there are many points of contact in plot, content and language related to the expressions of mourning in both texts. I will suggest that by creating links between these descriptions, the author of the book of Esther hints at some theological and moral implications that lack in its explicit text.
Explicit and Embedded Environmentalism
Authors: Baugh Amanda J. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe precise influence that religious outlooks have on environmental attitudes and behaviors is a matter of debate among scholars of religion and ecology. While some studies suggest that emergent ecofriendly interpretations of traditional religions offer a promising path for addressing the world’s ecological crisis, others advance more skeptical evaluations about institutional religions’ efficacy in advancing sustainability efforts. In this article I seek to shift the terms of this debate. Whether scholars suggest there is a correlation or insist there is not, these arguments envision environmentalism based on the model of the mainstream, white American environmental movement, assuming that religious environmentalism must entail explicit, concerted efforts to protect the earth. This assumption has led scholars to overlook embedded environmental expressions that are conveyed theologically rather than politically, especially among communities that do not identify with mainstream American environmentalism. By interrogating the assumption that religious environmentalism must involve concerted, political efforts, scholars of religion and ecology can better account for the ways religion influences environmental attitudes and behaviors among religious communities who are not affluent and white.
Michel Onfray’s Decentered, Ecocentric, Atheistic Philosophy
Authors: Moser Keith 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe purpose of this exploration is to probe the more sustainable type of thinking promoted by the oft-neglected French philosopher Michel Onfray in his latest work Cosmos. Attempting to resuscitate the long tradition of philosophical hedonism and materialism in Western civilization, Onfray proposes a different, sensual way of being in the world that he persuasively contends is paramount to the continued existence of the human race. As the philosopher himself candidly admits, Cosmos is a practical guide that could be used as a starting point for changing the way we think and live in the Anthropocene epoch.
Questioning Divine δεῖ
Authors: Smit Peter-Ben 
Published: February 2019

AbstractFrequently, δεῖ is associated with salvation history and the exercise of divine will and identified as “theological δεῖ” or “divine δεῖ”. In the history of scholarship, there is an increasing emphasis on interpreting δεῖ along these lines, thereby marginalizing other shades of meaning that this verb may have. The question is whether this course of interpretative action is justified. This will be tested in this article. In order to do so, first a brief overview of the possible shades of meaning of δεῖ will be provided; second, the occurrences of δεῖ in the Gospel of Mark are systematically reviewed; third and finally, concluding reflections will be offered, including a word of caution when it comes to deifying δεῖ. In this manner, the current study seeks to contribute to the undoing of the theosis of this particular part of early Christian vocabulary.
The Body as Metaphor
Authors: Sterling Gregory E. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThis essay considers Philo of Alexandria’s metaphor in which he used the dual nature of embodied existence (body and soul) to argue that both literal and allegorical readings are legitimate. It examines the metaphor in the framework of Conceptual Metaphor Theory (CTM) developed by George Lakoff and Mark Johnson that argues that experience is the key to meaning. A metaphor occurs when we apply a pattern that we have observed in one setting (gestalt) to another. In this case, Philo has drawn on a Platonic/Stoic understanding of being human and applied it to contested hermeneutics within the Alexandrian Jewish community in an effort to maintain a sense of unity among two groups. The metaphorical experience is the recognition that Scripture is polyvalent in the same way that being human is.
Are nest defense behaviours and fitness components linked in white-rumped swallows (Tachycineta leucorrhoa)?
Authors: Wischhoff Uschi , Marques-Santos Fernando , Bonetti Giselle , Manica Lilian T. , Roper James J. , Rodrigues Marcos 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
How are personalities maintained in wild animal populations? A possible mechanism is the existence of trade-offs between fitness components (survival and reproductive success) among behavioural types. We investigated this trade-off in white-rumped swallows (Tachycineta leucorrhoa) by capturing adults and monitoring their reproduction over time. We focused on the personality trait of nest defence against a human. We found that swallows with different levels of nest defence had similar probability to return from migration between two years (a proxy for survival). In one year, swallows that defended their nests more boldly were also more likely to succeed. However, nest defence was not linked to nestling weight or number of fledglings. Thus, we found no evidence of a trade-off between fitness components. It is possible that the investigated relationships become relevant only in extreme years that severely alter the costs and benefits of this behaviour.
Using behaviour observations to study personality in a group of capuchin monkeys (Cebus apella) in captivity
Authors: Brandão Angela , Costa Raquel , Rodrigues Evelina , Vicente Luis 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
This article presents a novel approach to the study of primate personality and illustrates it with a study of capuchin monkeys. While most personality studies with capuchin monkeys have used rating questionnaires, the research method of this study relies instead on direct behaviour observations. In an effort to capitalize on the full richness of behavioural observation data, we used both statistical and non-statistical methods to analyse data from behavioural observations of a group of capuchin monkeys in captivity. Interest in capuchin monkeys as a species has increased due to their cognitive capacities, behavioural flexibility and complex social structure, as well as many similarities with great apes in dimensions of personality. In this study we focus in three aspects of personality: diversity, flexibility and complexity. Our results provide a detailed picture of these aspects of capuchins’ personality, including the degree of “predictability” and “unusualness” of individual capuchins’ behaviour.
Explaining Social Capital Formation in a Hinterlands Context: The Case of Carriacou, Grenada
Authors: Jicha Karl , Kick Edward , Fulkerson Gregory , Thompson Gretchen 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Strong supportive organizations and interpersonal networks are taken to be instrumental for increasing social groups’ ability to actuate collective interests and build problem-solving capacity. Primary survey data from the island hinterlands area of Carriacou, Grenada, are used to test how key determinants of social capital in developed nations – supportive organizational efficacy, civic organization participation, social interaction, and socio-demographic characteristics – influence the normative dimension of social capital in a developing setting. Results indicate that perceptions of government efficacy and education enhance both measures of social capital in this island hinterland, while different indicators of social interaction display independent influences on each. This study concludes that hinterland settings such as Carriacou exhibit significantly different causes of social capital formation than found in other sectors of the world system.
Proteomic identification of an alpha class glutathione S-transferase in freshwater snails (Bulinus globosus)
Authors: Ayinuola Yetunde A. , Adewale Isaac O. 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Bulinus globosus is a freshwater snail that serves as intermediate host for Schistosoma haematobium and is known to be drought-tolerant. A previous report on the alteration in the status of glutathione S-transferase (GST) in B. globosus during aestivation and recovery, suggested that GST might be involved in the adaptation of the organism to drought. Therefore, the present study aims to characterize GST isoforms that are displayed in snails under drought stress, sampled during the dry season, and those under recovery, sampled during the rainy season. Our data show that the hepatopancreas contained the highest level of GST compared to foot muscle, hemolymph, and visceral mass. GST activity in the hepatopancreas of snails under drought stress was about 2-3 times higher than that of the recovered snails. Activity staining of a polyacrylamide gel revealed that B. globosus both in the active and inactive state has at least three forms of GST. Based on SDS-PAGE, the multiplicity of the main GSTs in the hepatopancreas of B. globosus (BgGSTs) was further revealed by the presence of five protein bands. In addition, LC-MS/MS analysis of BgGST 2, 3 and 4 revealed the expression of alpha GST. In conclusion, B. globosus exhibits tissue-specific expression of multiple GSTs with elevated activities when the organism is under stress. Elevated activities coupled with an alpha GST class expression accentuate the role of BgGSTs as an antioxidant defense system, in particular under stress conditions.
The Strengths and Limitations of the Inclusion of Religious Actors in Peace Processes in Northern Ireland and Bosnia and Herzegovina
Authors: Kmec Vladimir , Ganiel Gladys 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
This article uses a comparative approach to analyze the strengths and limitations of the inclusion of religious actors in peace and transition processes. It compares the theoretical frameworks of Bercovitch and Kadayifci-Orellana, and Brewer, demonstrating how the first helps us understand the strengths of religious actors, while the second sheds more light on their limitations. An analysis of the involvement of religious actors in the peace processes in Northern Ireland and Bosnia and Herzegovina supports the argument that religious actors are more likely to contribute to peace when they are excluded from Track One negotiations and are active in other modalities of participation: in wider social peace processes at national or grass-roots levels. Religious actors can contribute to peace processes especially if they choose to exclude themselves from Track One negotiations in order to avoid the pitfalls of becoming too closely associated with political power.
Engaging the Next Generation: A Field Perspective of Youth Inclusion in Myanmar’s Peace Negotiations
Authors: Grizelj Irena 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Literature examining the participation of youth during peace processes is limited. Previous work has often focused on youth as “peacebuilders” and agents of change or threats to peace in the post-accord period, with little emphasis on how young people participate during the negotiation phase. This article seeks to fill this gap by assessing youth inclusion and participation in Myanmar’s ongoing peace negotiations. The study finds that, while youth have not had formal inclusion avenues in the peace negotiations, there are cohorts of young people who perceive themselves to be legitimate stakeholders in the peace process, who have attempted to gain access to decision-making in the peace negotiations, and have played active roles in supporting the process. It is argued that recognizing youth as key stakeholders in the peace accord will play a vital role in building sustainable peace within Myanmar’s nascent democracy.
Economic Cooperation between the United Arab Emirates and Turkey: Legal and Policy Considerations
Authors: Nsour Mohammad 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
This article provides an analysis of outward foreign direct investment (FDI) trends from Turkey in light of the UAE’s interests. The key objective is to present a concise picture of Turkish FDI and of the opportunities within selected sectors in the UAE. Pursuant to this analysis, the article enumerates various challenges the UAE legal system poses to foreign investment. It then offers recommendations for how the UAE can mitigate these challenges without compromising its legal and economic regimes.
Acts, Events, and Stories. On the History of Danto’s Compatibilist Narrativism
Authors: Uebel Thomas 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
The response given to C.G. Hempel’s well-known challenge by Arthur Danto in his Analytical Philosophy of History of 1965 – that deductive-nomological and narrative explanations are logically compatible yet employ incommensurable schemata – is here investigated from a historical perspective. It is shown that the developmental trajectory that emerges from an analysis of Danto’s previous writings – including not only a forgotten paper of 1958 but also his PhD dissertation of 1952 – contains distinctive step-changes with publications of 1953 and 1956 still prior to that of 1958–59 which enabled his subsequent discovery of narrative sentences. It is also argued that Danto’s developmental trajectory runs contrary to that presumed by some prominent commentators. Analytical History of Philosophy was not the midpoint of his ascent from mainstream philosopher of science to high priest of postmodern aesthetics, but represents a reasoned retreat from his early historical idealism.
Principles of Evidence in Public International Law as Applied by Investor-State Tribunals: Burden and Standards of Proof
Authors: Duggal Kabir , Cai Wendy W. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractPrinciples of Evidence in Public International Law as Applied by Investor-State Tribunalsexplores the fundamental principles of evidence and how these principles relating to burden of proof and standards of proof are derived.By tracing the applications of major principles recognized by the International Court of Justice and applied by investor-state tribunal jurisprudence, the authors offer valuable insight into the interpretation, understanding, and nuances of indispensable principles of evidence, an area that has been ignored in both investor-state arbitration and public international law more generally. Each principle is analyzed through historical and modern lenses to provide clarity and cohesion in understanding how fundamental principles of evidence will affect evidentiary dispositions of parties in investment arbitration and public international law cases.
Companion Animals Welfare in Non-Epidemic Emergencies: The Case of Central Italy, Post-Earthquake 2016/2017
Authors: Dalla Villa P. , Migliaccio P. , Innocenti I. , Nardoia M. , Lafiandra D.C. 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Among the several factors affecting animal welfare, non-epidemic emergencies are very stressful events. In the aftermath of earthquakes or during flooding, snowstorms and wildfires, companion animals are subject to injuries and deep stress, abandonment or loss resulting in the overcrowding of animal shelters, or in emergent free-roaming populations representing a potential public health threat to the affected communities. The loss of animals often also results in significant psychological trauma for their guardians. For these reasons in all phases of calamities, the care of companion animals becomes essential. This paper describes the activities that were carried out for the veterinary care of dogs and cats affected by the earthquakes that occurred in central Italy from August 2016 to January 2017. These disasters provided an opportunity to test an integrated emergency management system in which several actors participated to aid, assist and accommodate the companion animals, whether owned or strays, affected by the catastrophic events.
A Region-Tree-Based Approach for the Verification of Precipitation Forecasts
Authors: Hou Jinyi , Wang Ping 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThis paper describes a region-tree-based precipitation forecast verification approach, which is then used to assess the performance of a numerical model forecast at various scales. In this verification approach, the forecast and observation fields are first represented using region-tree structures. The verification approach consists of three procedures: calculation of spatial structural properties of the forecast and observation trees, matching the forecast tree with the observation tree, and deforming the forecast tree to resemble the observation tree. Based on these procedures, the tree-based verification approach aims at determining the spatial structural differences, displacement errors, and intensity errors between the forecast and the observation at different scales. The behavior of the proposed verification approach is investigated by applications to a standard verification dataset from the spatial forecast verification intercomparison project.
Evidence for kinesio taping in management of myofascial pain syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zhang Xue-Feng , Liu Lin , Wang Bin-Bin , Liu Xu , Li Ping 
Published: February 2019

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of kinesio taping for managing myofascial pain syndrome in terms of pain intensity, pressure pain threshold, range of motion, muscle strength and disability. Data sources: PubMed, EBSCO, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, Cochrane Library and Physiotherapy Evidence Databases were searched from database inception to November 2018. Methods: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that used kinesio taping as the main treatment protocol for participants diagnosed with myofascial pain syndrome were included. Two reviewers independently screened articles, scored methodological quality using Cochrane risk-of-bias tool and extracted data. The primary outcomes were pain intensity, pressure pain threshold and range of motion at post-intervention and follow-up. The secondary outcomes were muscle strength and disability at post-intervention and follow-up. Data synthesis: Meta-analyses of 20 RCTs involving 959 patients showed that kinesio taping was more effective than other treatments in reducing pain intensity (mean difference (MD) = 1.06 cm, 95% confidence interval (CI): −1.66 to −0.46 cm, P = 0.006) and increasing range of motion (standardized mean difference (SMD) = 0.26, 95% CI: 0.09 to 0.43, P = 0.003) at post-intervention. Kinesio taping was also superior to other non-invasive techniques in relieving pain intensity at follow-up (MD = −0.68 cm, 95% CI: −1.22 to −0.13 cm, P = 0.02). However, there was no detectable effect on disability or function. Conclusion: Statistical evidence showed that kinesio taping could be recommended to relieve pain intensity and range of motion for patients with myofascial pain syndrome at post-intervention.
Identification of aberrant gene expression during breast ductal carcinoma in situ progression to invasive ductal carcinoma
Authors: Song Guiqin , He Lang , Yang Xiaolin , Yang Yan , Cai Xiaoming , Liu Kang , Feng Gang 
Published: February 2019

Objective It has been reported that 80% of all breast carcinoma cases are invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC), and 45% to 78% of invasive breast carcinoma cases are associated with ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). Therefore, it is important to gain insights into transcriptome changes that occur during DCIS progression to IDC. Methods We downloaded Gene Expression Omnibus databases GSE21422 and GSE3893, and performed differentially expressed gene (DEG) analysis and cluster analysis, followed by pathway enrichment analysis and Oncomine analysis. Results Twenty-six conserved DEGs were identified in both GSE21422 and GSE3893. These genes are mainly enriched in intermediate filament-based processes, immune responses, Staphylococcus aureus infection response, and phagosomes. Among them, FCGR2A, HLA-DRA, C3AR1, and FYB were reported to be involved in DCIS progression to IDC. High expression of HLA-DRA, C3AR1, and FYB in different types of breast cancer was validated using different Oncomine datasets. Moreover, elevated HLA-DRA and FYB levels were associated with breast cancer recurrence. Importantly, the overexpression of FYB was correlated with breast cancer metastasis. Conclusions This study revealed the molecular characteristics associated with progression from DCIS to IDC. It also identified potential biomarkers for DCIS progression to IDC, which will aid breast cancer diagnosis and prevention.
Factors Associated With Knowledge and Comfort Providing Palliative Care: A Survey of Pediatricians in Mexico
Authors: Zuniga-Villanueva Gregorio , Ramirez-GarciaLuna Jose Luis , Weingarten Kevin 
Published: February 2019

Background: Lack of education and training in palliative care has been described to be one of the most important barriers to pediatric palliative care implementation. Objective: To examine what factors determine the degree of knowledge and level of comfort Mexican pediatricians have providing pediatric palliative care. Methods: A questionnaire that assessed palliative care concepts was developed and applied online to Mexican pediatricians, both generalists and specialists. Results: A total of 242 pediatricians responded. The majority had not received palliative care education (92.6%) and felt uncomfortable discussing palliative needs with patients and families (92.1%). The mean score of the questionnaire was 6.8 (±1.4) of 10 correct answers. Knowledge in palliative care was associated with exposure to oncologic patients ( P = .01) and previous palliative care education ( P = .02) but inversely related to the pediatrician’s age ( P = .01). Comfort addressing patient’s palliative care needs was associated with knowledge in palliative care ( P < .01), exposure to oncologic patients ( P = .03), and previous education in palliative care ( P = .02). Conclusions: Although Mexican pediatricians have basic knowledge of palliative care concepts, they do not feel comfortable addressing palliative care needs, suggesting that the main barrier for implementing palliative care is not the lack of knowledge but rather feeling uncomfortable when addressing these issues with patients and families. Educational programs should incorporate strategies that could help physicians develop comfort in approaching palliative care patients.