bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Seed and pollen disparity and speciation in the genus Epilobium of Onagraceae family
Authors: Seidai Masoud , Rahimi Sedigheh , Koohdar Fahimeh , Mehrabian Ahmad-Reza 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Epilobium Linnaeus (1753: 347) is known as a complex genus with about 200 species showing disparity in almost all features like morphology, anatomy, cytology, pollen, and ecology. In a search for taxonomically important and effective characteristics, we studied seed and pollen micromorphological features of 18 Epilobium species occurring in Iran. We also tried to shed light on these traits’ evolution and changes over a phylogenetic tree. Clustering showed that these features are of taxonomic value and can be used in species differentiation. PCA identified discriminating characteristics, while character mapping and morphospace plots identified characteristics involved in Epilobiumspeciation. The rates of change in different features varied in the studied species, however many changes observed were associated with environmental coordinates.
Synergistic Benefits of Essential Oil Nanoemulsions in Orange Juice: From Antimicrobial Effects to Sensory Improvement and Computational Bitter Taste predictions
Authors: Ouazzou Abdenour Ait , Tachoua Wafa , Attou Fouzia 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

This study investigates the dual role of essential oil components (EOCs) in enhancing microbial safety and shaping sensory perception, specifically against Escherichia coli O157 in orange juice. Four EOCs - carvacrol, citral, linalool and limonene - were tested in nanoemulsified (n-EOC) and suspended (s-EOC) forms, individually and at low heat. Nanoemulsified EOCs showed up to a 13-fold increase in antimicrobial efficacy, achieving a 5-log reduction in bacteria more efficiently than s-EOCs or heat alone. This synergistic effect allowed for lower processing temperatures while maintaining juice quality. Molecular docking studies revealed strong interactions between EOCs and the bitter receptor TAS2R46, suggesting potential effects on bitterness perception and sensory acceptability. Sensory analysis using principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) revealed distinct groupings based on EOC composition, with significant differences observed between control (P1), limonene (P2), carvacrol (P3), linalool (P4) and citral (P5) samples. Samples treated with mild heat at 54°C for 10 minutes showed similar clustering, with minor variations mainly related to acidity - a key factor influencing acceptability. The study highlights the need to balance antimicrobial performance with sensory attributes to optimise consumer satisfaction. These results illustrate the potential of nanoemulsified EOCs to improve both microbial inactivation and sensory quality in food products. By fine-tuning combinations of EOCs with mild heat, this study provides valuable insights into effective preservation strategies that ensure both safety and consumer appeal.
Augmentation of the stability of phycocyanin from Arthrospira maxima (Spirulina) by the addition of food preservatives and influence of the pH value on extracts obtained with different extraction procedures
Authors: Tran Long-Dinh , Kuhnholz Jan , Siebecke Verena , Noke Anja 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Phycocyanin (C-PC) is a hydrophilic blue pigment found in cyanobacteria, rhodophytes, and cryptophytes. Its intense blue color and antioxidant capacity make phycocyanin an attractive substance for food and cosmetic industries. In this study, phycocyanin extracts from Arthrospira maxima, obtained by different extraction methods, were used to investigate the influence of preserving agents on thermostability of phycocyanin. C-PC remained stable at 60°C, but rapidly degraded at 70°C, and completely lost at 80°C within 5 minutes. Addition of sorbitol, sucrose, and glucose at 32% (w/v) to phycocyanin extracted through ultrasonication and flocculation with chitosan in organic acid provided the highest stabilizing effects, with CR values of 96.67 ± 0.01%, 83.41 ± 0.67%, and 76.21 ± 1.34%, respectively. The corresponding half-live values increased from 13.77 ± 0.21 min (control) to between 76.74 ± 5.12 and 614.83 ± 1.18 minutes, followed by xylitol, fructose, and maltose. Xylose, lactose, citric acid, and ascorbic acid showed no effects. The stabilizing effect of NaCl was dependent on pH of extracts, remaining stable at pH 6–7, but showing no significant effect at pH 3–4, and leading to precipitation. Incorporating 14–20% (w/v) NaCl in C-PC at pH 6.49 increased CR values from 88.61 ± 0.31 to 99.10 ± 0.01%, with half-life values ranging from 172.03 ± 4.92 to 2291.19 ± 14.51 minutes. Conversely, the stabilizing effect of sugars was most effective in C-PC at pH 3–4, and least effective in C-PC obtained by freeze/thawing at pH 6–7.
Investigation of the Biocompatibility and Antibacterial Activity of Different Mouthwashes
Authors: Çoğulu Dilşah , Aşık Aslı , Süslüer Sunde Yılmaz , Er Ceren Yücel , Topaloğlu Aslı , Uzel Ataç , Gündüz Cumhur 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Objective
This study aims to investigate the cytotoxic, apoptotic, and genotoxic effects of eleven mouthwashes, which are hypothesized to pose potential toxic risks to oral mucosal tissues, through in-vitro experiments using human gingival fibroblast(hGF) cell cultures and to compare the antibacterial efficacy of these mouthwashes.
Materials and Methods
Healthy hGF cell lines were derived from individuals under ethical standards.The cytotoxic effects of the mouthwashes (Colgate 2in1,Colgate Optic White,Colgate Plax,Curasept,Elmex,Kloroben, Listerine Cool Mint,Listerine Zero,Meridol,Oral-B Pro Expert, Sensodyne Pronamel) were assessed in real-time using the xCELLigence system, which monitored cellular activity at 5-minute intervals over 72 hours.Apoptotic effects of the IC50 concentrations of the mouthwashes on hGF cells were evaluated using Annexin V and Caspase-3 assays.Genotoxic effects at IC50 concentrations were analyzed through the Alexa Fluor® 488 Mouse anti-H2AX assay.The antibacterial effect of mouthwashes on Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus rhamnosus was evaluated by modified microdilution method.
Results
According to the analysis of the IC50 values, Meridol was found to be the most cytotoxic mouthwash, while Listerine Zero was the least cytotoxic.The mouthwashes can be ranked in order of their cytotoxicity as follows:Meridol(0.011) > Elmex(0.029) > Colgate 2in1(0.187) > Colgate Plax(0.478) > Colgate Optic White (0.534) > Sensodyne Pronamel(0.577) > Oral-B Pro Expert(0.638) > Kloroben(0.766) > Curasept(1.872) > Listerine Cool Mint(2.334) > Listerine Zero(7.267)(p < 0.05).The Annexin V assay showed no major apoptotic impacts on human gingival fibroblast cell line at the IC50 values of the mouthwashes, except for Colgate Plax, Kloroben, and Oral B Pro Expert.The IC50 values of the evaluated mouthwashes did not show a significant apoptotic effect on the hGF cell line as evaluated by Caspase-3 assay and no significant genotoxic effect was observed as evaluated by H2AX assay(p > 0.05).Colgate Plax showed the most effective antibacterial effect on Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus rhamnosus(p < 0.05).
Conclusion
Mouthwash formulations showed varying cytotoxic effects on hGF and different antibacterial effectiveness.Essential oil-containing mouthwashes may be preferable to those with chlorhexidine or cetylpyridinium chloride, as they demonstrate less cytotoxicity, are more biocompatible, and have antibacterial efficacy.
Clinical relevance:
The low cytotoxicity and potent antibacterial properties of essential oils render them a more safer choice for inclusion in mouthwash compositions.
Local magnetoelectric effect in Fe3O4-BaTiO3 nanocomposites
Authors: Kanurin D. A. , Amirov A. A. , Liu N. N. , Nizamov T. R. , Alekhina Yu. A. , Kritskiy A. A. , Platonova I. V. , Perov N. S. , Tishin A. M. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Magnetoelectric nanoparticles (MENPs) are emerging as potential nanomaterials for a wide range of biomedical applications. Recently, many studies have been devoted to investigating the properties of MENPs based on cobalt ferrite. The outstanding magnetic properties of cobalt ferrite nanoparticles, such as higher values of coercive force and magnetostriction coefficient compared to other metal ferrites of spinel structures are well known. However, the biocompatibility and toxicity of cobalt ferrite nanoparticles are still a matter of debate and not fully studied. Therefore, design of MENPs with magnetic core having low toxicity is still a challenging task. Thus, we proposed to use iron oxide nanoparticles (FO) instead of cobalt ferrite as a less toxic alternative. This work represents a comprehensive study of the structural, crystalline, magnetic, and magnetoelectric (ME) properties of synthesized MENPs based on FO and barium titanate (BTO), where FO and BTO provide magnetostrictive and piezoelectric functionalities, respectively. The synthesis of FO of three sizes (12.7, 25.9, 47.7 nm) was carried out, after which the resulting nanoparticles were coated with BTO phase. Samples of all series were characterized by the methods of transmission electron microscopy (TEM), vibrating-sample magnetometry (VSM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. The longitudinal magnetostriction coefficient was found to be 6.5 ppm for FO with a diameter of 12.7 nm, 6.8 ppm with a diameter of 25.9 nm, and 14.6 ppm with a diameter of 47.7 nm. Piezoresponse force microscopy measurements qualitatively showed a change in the amplitude and phase of the piezoelectric response of MENPs when a magnetic field is applied to the sample.
Understanding the Trends–An Analysis of Age, Period, and Cohort Effects on Marriage Age and Rates in China
Authors: Yan DongDong , Yang Xi , Zhan Heying Jenny 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Amidst rapid social transformation, the marriage behavior of young people in China are continuously changing toward marriage postponement and decline. What are the factors contributing to the collective changes in marital behavior among Chinese young people? This study used the 2003–2021 China General Social Survey cross-sectional data and hierarchical age-period-cohort cross-classified random-effects model to investigate factors influencing marriage behaviors. The results show: women’s education levels and social class were positively correlated with age at first marriage and negatively correlated with marriage probability. The period effect suggests that macroeconomic growth was positively correlated with age at first marriage; Yet the wage growth rate was negatively correlated with age at first marriage in lower social classes and positively with marriage probability among farmers and individuals with low education levels. Differences between cohorts were also observed: individuals born during the one-child policy era (between 1980 and 1990) showed a significant decrease in the marriage rate at age 30 compared to those born in the 1960s and 1970s. Delayed marriage and reduced marriage rates were highly correlated with the social determinants of gender, educational level, and social class. Cohort and period effects reveal deep socioeconomic and policy impacts on individual marriage behaviors in China.
Assessing the accuracy, repeatability, and consistency of ChatGPT-4.0 in treatment planning for tooth-supported fixed prostheses: a comparative analysis of simple and complex clinical cases
Authors: İşisağ Özer , Karakaya Kevser 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

ObjectivesThe aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of ChatGPT-4.0 in planning tooth-supported fixed prostheses by examining the accuracy, repeatability, and consistency of its responses across various prosthodontic cases.
Materials and methods 1,140 responses were generated for 38 questions regarding simple and complex prosthetic cases, using case schemas from Fundamentals of Fixed Prosthodontics. Each question was asked 30 times at different times of day (morning, afternoon, and evening) to assess response consistency.
ResultsChatGPT demonstrated high accuracy (97.08%) for simple fixed prostheses but struggled with complex cases, showing a low accuracy rate of 19.69%. Statistically significant differences were observed in the response accuracy between question categories, indicating that ChatGPT performs better with straightforward cases than with complex ones. Repeatability was high across all question types, though accuracy varied, especially in complex scenarios.
ConclusionsThe findings highlight ChatGPT's potential as an assistive tool in simple prosthodontic cases yet emphasize the need for clinician expertise in more complex treatment planning.
Clinical relevance While ChatGPT shows promise as a supplementary tool for dental education and practice, reliance on AI alone for intricate cases remains premature.
Structure, Microstructure and Hyperfine Properties of Nanostructured FeAl and FeAl‑2wt.%Sn Powders
Authors: HAMLATI Zineb , OTMANE Fadhéla , MAHI Amale , MECHRI Hanane , Laslouni Warda 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Fe-Al and Fe-Al-Sn alloys were prepared using the high-energy ball milling process. The effects of adding small amounts of tin on structural and microstructural properties were studied using X-ray diffraction (XRD), 57Fe Mössbauer Spectroscopy, and Scanning Electron Microscopy. The Mössbauer spectra of all samples reveal the presence of both magnetic and paramagnetic components. For Fe-Al alloys, the spectrum obtained after 1 hour of milling contains a magnetically split sextet with a hyperfine field (Hₕf) of 33.1 T and an isomer shift (IS) of 0.00 mm/s, characteristic of the starting bcc Fe powder. The spectrum recorded after 32 hours of milling indicates more advanced alloying. At this stage, a significant decrease in the intensity of the bcc Fe sextet in favor of the paramagnetic quadrupole doublet's intensity was observed. The doublet seen in the center of the Mössbauer spectrum was attributed to the paramagnetic Fe(Al) solid solution. The relative fraction of this paramagnetic component increased to approximately 63.11%, with an isomer shift (IS) of 0.21 mm/s. For the Fe-Al-Sn alloy, the relative fraction of the paramagnetic component was found to be 33.33%.
Probing multi-dimensional composition spaces in search of strong metallic alloys
Authors: Zhou Xinran , Zhou Fei , Marian Jaime , Bulatov Vasily 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Due to their exceptional high-temperature strength compared to pure metals and dilute metal alloys, refractory complex concentrated alloys (RCCA) have attracted significant attention in recent times. However, predictive theory capable of guiding design and compositional optimization of RCCA for mechanical strength is yet to emerge. Here we present a series of large-scale Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations of crystal plasticity devised to explore the space of alloy compositions in order to maximize their mechanical strength. As test-bed materials we focus on the Fe-Ta-W and the Nb-Ta-Mo-W alloy families, modeled here using Embedded Atom Model (EAM) and Spectral Neighbor Analysis Potentials (SNAP) interatomic potentials. To efficiently navigate our search towards mechanically strong alloy compositions, we employ iterative optimization using Gaussian process regression. Many of the simulated RCCA compositions exhibit well pronounced cocktail strengthening displaying strengths markedly exceeding that of their strongest constituent metal (tungsten in this case). At variance with common expectations, our computational experiments suggest that the highest strength may be achievable on the binary edges of the RCCA composition space. Taking advantage of the fully resolved atomistic trajectories, our simulations indicate that, much like in pure BCC metals, screw dislocations play a primary role in the plastic response of RCCA. However at large strains well past the yield point, dislocation multiplication and dislocation interactions (Taylor hardening) take over as the dominant contribution to RCCA strength.
Controlling unstable vehicular motions by exploiting linearized feedback law under delay-tolerance: stability, gain-scheduling, and validation
Authors: LU HANGYU , Wu Xiaodong , Zhao Sheng , Yan Liang , Lu Jianwei 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Automation of the transportation system inevitably encounters the difficulty of improving the passenger vehicle’s safety and intelligence. In the halfway of automation, the advanced driver assistance system (ADAS) plays a significant role in bridging that difference. A crucial part of ADAS is the vehicle stability control (VSC) system avoiding motion instability in nonlinear handling maneuvers. In this paper, focusing on the system nonlinearity generated in critical conditions and loop delays in the feedback processes, we present
a delay-tolerant feedback structure of VSC that only captures the linearized properties alongside the maneuvers, where the maximal target-tracking performance is
designed to be achieved. A nonlinear vehicular model is first established, and the open-loop nonlinear characteristics are investigated through equilibrium analysis and local linearization. Time delays originating from sampling and actuating control loops are generalized
into the feedback control torque forming a delayed nonlinear system. A semi-discretized method is conducted that constructs the stability chart of the tunable control
gains in the feedback law, where the concatenation of those charts finally offers a conservative delay-tolerant domain. Two methods for gain scheduling w.r.t maximal target-tracking performance are developed to suit for either real-time (RT) or offline applicability, respectively. The proposed methodology for stably tracking the dynamic motion targets in nonlinear conditions is further summarized and then validated within experimental data-based simulations, which indicates that a linearized control law can achieve high-performance VSC with transferability to other control loops with different delays.
Adapting to drought: How do public works affect conservation and labor engagement in rural Ethiopia?
Authors: Akuma Gemeda Olani , Köhlin Gunnar , Guta Fantu 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Support for life on land within the UN Sustainable Development Goals requires protection, restoration, and sustainable utilization of terrestrial ecosystems. This paper examines the effects of public works on soil and water conservation practices and labor participation in rural Ethiopia. Using data from the Living Standards Measurement Study-Integrated Surveys of Agriculture (LSMS-ISA) panel collected in 2011/12, 2013/14, and 2015/16, the study explores the correlation between drought and public works employment, employing satellite-based Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) anomalies as a proxy measure for drought shock. Using the Full Information Maximum Likelihood (FIML) approach, the study evaluates the effects of public work employment on resource conservation and labor engagement outcomes. Despite concerns in the literature that public works may crowd out participants' own soil and water conservation and agricultural work, the results suggest that public works likely contribute to enhanced soil and water conservation practices. The primary impact of the program is on physical measures, while its effect on biological soil and conservation measures is limited. In addition, participation in the program increases labor participation in agricultural activities but reduces work hours in non-agricultural activities. The findings suggest that public works can promote sustainable land use, provide a pathway to a better future, and improve food security by improving soil and water conservation practices and altering labor participation in competing activities in rural areas.
JEL Classification: Q54, Q18, I38, Q2, J22, O55
The Added Effect of Respiratory Training on Stabilometric, Respiratory and Agility Outcomes Among Recreational Athletes: an Experimental Design
Authors: Band Kanchan , Verma Pankaj , Pradhan Deepak Kumar 
Published: November 2024

Background
Diaphragm activation plays a crucial role in various function activities through the adequate core muscle setup. In order to bring a change in balance, agility, and respiratory outcomes in recreational athletes, the role of combined diaphragm and balance training is still under debate.

Purpose
The study aimed to investigate the added effect of respiratory training on balance training in recreational athletes.

Methods
Forty-two male recreational athletes were randomized into either the balance training group alone or the added respiratory training group.

Result
The result of the study revealed that the agility, balance, and respiratory outcomes were improved significantly (p < 0.05) in the combined respiratory and balance training group. However, in the balance training group seperately, the respiratory and agility outcomes did not improve significantly (p > 0.05), but the balance outcomes improved significantly (p < 0.05).

Conclusion
The study concludes that additional respiratory training can help enhance respiratory and agility outcomes compared to balance training alone.
A Multi-Objective Optimization of Clustered Train Delay Propagation Model
Authors: Sanukool Nitirat , Sirikijpanichkul Ackchai , Siwakosit Wichai 
Published: November 2024

Introduction
This research investigates train delay propagation, focusing on identifying influencing factors, optimizing parameters to minimize delays, and proposing cost-effective mitigation measures using the southern intercity railway route of Thailand as a case study.

Methods
The study employs cluster analysis and multiple linear regression to formulate delay propagation models, followed by multi-objective optimization to achieve optimal variable sets. In addition, by analyzing passenger patterns across different train types, the representative models are developed to inform policy adjustments and optimize service delivery. The research focuses on aligning commercial viability with passenger needs and preferences.

Results
Findings from this study will provide valuable insights for future planning and potential application to other rail routes. Key findings suggest that for double-track systems, effective policies include increasing train acceleration rates, adjusting the number of stops, and enhancing junction systems. For single-track systems, similar policies apply, with additional emphasis on converting to double tracks to minimize delays in train shunting.

Conclusion
Implementing these measures is expected to mitigate cumulative delays and enhance rail service efficiency.
Maintaining the Quality of Health Services in the New Normal Era: From Visit to Virtual
Authors: Dewi Luh Gede Rusmaya , Gorda Anak Agung Ngurah Oka Suryadinatha , Martini Ida Ayu Oka 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic has forced hospitals to implement innovative steps to support the Indonesian government's large-scale social restriction program by moving from visits to virtual services via telemedicine. This study aims to analyze and explore the quality of telemedicine-based health services in the new normal era and explore other unique aspects of it. This study uses a qualitative research design with a phenomenological approach focusing on HaloKIH telemedicine services at Kasih Ibu Saba Hospital. Data collection techniques through interviews with data analysis technique used are the interactive model, namely data conduction, data display, and verification. The results showed that the quality of HaloKIH's telemedicine service was considered very good because it had been able to adapt the criteria from the E-ServQual dimension, namely efficiency, fulfillment of needs, reliability, privacy, responsiveness, compensation, and contact. The new unique dimension that emerges is the adaptation of the local wisdom of the surrounding culture. Keywords:E-Service Quality, Health Service Quality, Telemedicine, New Normal