bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long‐Term Oral Health Effects of Traumatic Events Among World Trade Center Health Registry Enrolees, 2003–2020
Authors: Akinkugbe Aderonke A. , Midya Vishal , Crane Michael A. , Garcia Dina T. , Clark Uraina S. , Wright Rosalind J. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTObjectivesPosttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a disabling mental health condition arising from experiencing serious traumatic events. This study investigated if PTSD secondary to the World Trade Center terrorist attack on 11 September 2001 (9/11) is associated with self‐reported doctor's diagnosis of periodontitis and count of missing teeth.MethodsData from the World Trade Center Health Registry, 2003–2020 (n = 20 826) were used to prospectively examine the rate of periodontitis and cross‐sectionally the odds of missing teeth among enrolees with/without PTSD post‐9/11 using a modified Poisson regression and generalised logit model, respectively, adjusted for covariates.ResultsApproximately 17% reported a doctor's diagnosis of PTSD post‐9/11 and 7.4% a doctor's diagnosis of periodontitis. There were 355 new cases of periodontitis (incidence rate = 7.6 per 1000 person‐years) among those with PTSD and a rate of 4.3 per 1000 person‐years among those without PTSD. The covariate‐adjusted rate ratio for periodontitis comparing those with and without PTSD = 1.52 (95% CI: 1.33, 1.74). The adjusted odds ratio (OR) (95% CI) comparing those with and without PTSD were, respectively, OR = 1.15 (95% CI: 1.05, 1.25) and OR = 1.41 (95% CI: 1.09, 1.83) for missing 1–5 teeth and all teeth missing, respectively, as compared to no missing teeth.ConclusionsPTSD post‐9/11 appears to be associated with poorer oral health outcomes, underscoring the far‐reaching consequences of traumatic events on oral health.
Skin sensitisation elicitation: Evaluation of the general threshold and considerations for use
Authors: Palmer Brian , Gao Yuan , Ryan Cindy , Kern Petra 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundAllergic contact dermatitis (ACD) is an immune response to chemical haptens, involving induction and elicitation phases. Quantitative risk assessment (QRA) reviewing the skin sensitisation potential for all ingredients and using chemical‐specific induction thresholds for skin allergens remains the current best approach for the safety evaluation of consumer products. However, elicitation thresholds have utility in secondary protection for pre‐sensitised consumers.ObjectivesThe objectives were to (1) review the current elicitation threshold database, (2) evaluate whether predicted relationships between chemical induction and elicitation potencies enable elicitation threshold prediction and (3) discuss elicitation threshold utility as a secondary method of consumer protection.MethodsIn total, 28 publications (with 39 elicitation datasets) were included in non‐linear regression analysis to derive elicitation thresholds for 22 allergens, including fragrances, preservatives and metals.ResultsThe median elicitation threshold (ED10) for the expanded database was 0.95 μg/cm2, which supports previously published general elicitation thresholds. The derived ED10 for each chemical had only weak to moderate correlation with corresponding induction thresholds, thus limiting suitability as the predictive model.ConclusionsAssessment of current EU fragrance allergen labelling and sensitiser labelling under the globally harmonised system in the context of general and chemical‐specific elicitation thresholds shows that current practices are health protective.
Study of Microsatellite Instability by Immunohistochemistry in a Cohort of Patients With Melanoma
Authors: Palacios Diaz Rodolfo David , de Unamuno Bustos Blanca , Pozuelo Ruiz Mónica , Llavador Ros Margarita , Palanca Suela Sarai , Botella Estrada Rafael 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundMicrosatellite instability (MSI) has prognostic value and impacts therapy strategies in several malignancies. Data regarding MSI in melanoma are scarce. The aim of this study was to assess MSI through the analysis of MMR protein expression in patients with melanoma.MethodsAn observational retrospective single‐center study was designed based on patients with primary melanoma. We assessed MSI through immunohistochemical staining with anti‐MLH1, anti‐MSH2, anti‐MSH6, and anti‐PMS2 on full–thickness excision tissue.ResultsNinety‐three patients were included in this study. The complete absence of nuclear staining in tumoral cells was extremely rare, with only one melanoma not expressing MSH6. Most melanomas showed an expression index for MLH1 (77.7%), MSH2 (87.2%), and PMS2 (78.6%) ≥ 75%. Most melanomas (57.8%) exhibited an MSH6 expression index in the range of 1%–74%. A low MSH6 expression index and a reduced combined MMR protein expression index (MMR‐e) were significantly associated with higher melanoma‐specific survival. A mild PMS2 staining intensity was significantly associated with a higher melanoma‐specific survival. The patients with high MMR‐e who received immunotherapy progressed and died more frequently than those with reduced MMR‐e (75% vs. 33.3%).ConclusionMore studies are needed to further define the role of MSI in melanoma prognosis and response to immunotherapy.
Advancements in Cardiac CT Imaging: The Era of Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Costantini Pietro , Groenhoff Léon , Ostillio Eleonora , Coraducci Francesca , Secchi Francesco , Carriero Alessandro , Colarieti Anna , Stecco Alessandro 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTIn the last decade, artificial intelligence (AI) has influenced the field of cardiac computed tomography (CT), with its scope further enhanced by advanced methodologies such as machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL). The AI‐driven techniques leverage large datasets to develop and train algorithms capable of making precise evaluations and predictions. The realm of cardiac CT is expanding day by day and multiple tools are offered to answer different questions. Coronary artery calcium score (CACS) and CT angiography (CTA) provide high‐resolution images that facilitate the detailed anatomical evaluation of coronary plaque burden. New tools such as myocardial CT perfusion (CTP) and fractional flow reserve (FFRCT) have been developed to add a functional evaluation of the stenosis. Moreover, epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) is gaining interest as its role in coronary artery plaque development has been deepened. Seen the great added value of these tools, the demand for new exams has increased such as the burden on imagers. Due to its ability to fast compute multiple data, AI can be helpful in both the acquisition and post‐processing phases. AI can possibly reduce radiation dose, increase image quality, and shorten image analysis time. Moreover, different types of data can be used for risk assessment and patient risk stratification. Recently, the focus of the scientific community on AI has led to numerous studies, especially on CACS and CTA. This narrative review concentrates on AI's role in the post‐processing of CACS, CTA, FFRCT, CTP, and EAT, discussing both current capabilities and future directions in the field of cardiac imaging.
Untangling the Relationship Between AI‐Mediated Informal Digital Learning of English (AI‐IDLE), foreign Language Enjoyment and the Ideal L2 Self: Evidence From Chinese University EFL Students
Authors: Liu Guangxiang Leon , Zou Minlin Minny , Soyoof Ali , Chiu Ming Ming 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTArtificial intelligence‐mediated informal digital learning of English (AI‐IDLE) might strengthen second language (L2) learners' motivational self‐concept (e.g., the ideal L2 self) and enhance their foreign language enjoyment (FLE) by enabling them to build confidence, engagement, and willingness to practice their English skills in a self‐directed, instant feedback, and non‐judgemental learning environment. In our explanatory mixed‐method study, we collected questionnaire data from 299 Chinese undergraduate English as a foreign language (EFL) learners and interviewed 12 of them. Structural equation modelling showed that students who participated in AI‐IDLE more often reported a clearer ideal L2 self and greater FLE, but those with a greater ideal L2 self did not report more FLE. In addition, gender did not moderate the impact of AI‐IDLE on FLE. Analysis of the interview data not only corroborated the quantitative results but also highlighted that while EFL learners can acquire a sense of FLE and vivid ideal L2 selves as they agentively negotiate the affordances of generative AI for informal language learning purposes, the sense of FLE and motivational force may shift across contexts to shape their continued investment in AI‐IDLE practices. By comparing and integrating the quantitative and qualitative insights, this study highlights the pedagogical potential of AI‐IDLE activities that can strengthen EFL learners' motivation, enjoyment, and commitment to English learning.
Ectopic thyroid carcinoma in the left atrium in a horse
Authors: Wolf N. , Schläpfer J. , Dervas E. , Soto S. , Piotrowski I. L. 
Published: November 2024

SummaryA 25‐year‐old Irish sport horse was presented for investigation of a 7‐day history of apathy and lethargy. Clinical examination revealed tachycardia, tachypnoea, distended, pulsating jugular veins and ventral oedema. Serum biochemistry showed azotaemia. The ultrasonographic examination of the abdomen and the thorax revealed peritoneal, pleural and pericardial effusion. Following the assessment, the mare was euthanised and a full post‐mortem examination was performed. The main findings included a ruptured mass in the left atrium of the heart with subsequent haemopericardium. By histological examination and immunoreactivity for thyroglobulin‐1, the cardiac mass could be further classified as a thyroid carcinoma. As there was no evidence of thyroid neoplasia in the rest of the carcass, it is likely that the neoplasia originated from ectopic thyroid tissue in the heart. Additional findings included multiple intestinal haemangiomas and perianal melanomas. The case report indicates that cardiac thyroid carcinoma may be a possible differential diagnosis in horses diagnosed with congestive heart failure.
Horse with myopathy caused by consumption of box elder tree seedlings in the Czech Republic
Authors: Jahn P. , Novotná T. , Brumarová R. , Dobešová D. , Ottová L. , Friedecký D. , Maršálek P. 
Published: November 2024

SummaryAn 18‐year‐old Saxon Warmblood gelding was referred to an equine clinic in the Czech Republic in May 2019 for mild colic. The horse had 7 h of grazing and 30–45 min of exercise every day. At the clinic, physical examination ruled out gastrointestinal disease, while clinical pathology confirmed rhabdomyolysis (creatine kinase 29,088 IU/L; reference range 110–250 IU/L). Because of the suspicion of atypical myopathy (AM), metabolomic analysis of hypoglycin A (HGA), 31 acylcarnitines (ACs) and free carnitine was performed in four dry serum and one blood spot. After laboratory confirmation of AM in the patient studied (HGA: 0.757–0.415 μmol/L, ACs elevation), an incriminated pasture was visited and searched for the source of the toxin. No sycamore (Acer pseudoplatanus) was found in the vicinity of the pasture. However, several box elder (Acer negundo) trees were found, and toxicological analysis revealed HGA in the samaras (7.66–296.00 mg/kg), leaves (2.12–9.39 mg/kg) and seedlings (339.00 mg/kg). Not only sycamore but also the box elder tree can be a potential source of poisoning in horses in Europe, particularly in lowland areas with a warm climate.
Generating Skin‐Derived Precursor‐Like Cells From Human‐Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell‐Derived Skin Organoids
Authors: Ahmed Imaan A. , Sun Jane , Kong Min Jie , Khosrotehrani Kiarash , Shafiee Abbas 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTSkin‐derived precursor (SKPs) cells are multipotent stem cells found in the dermis that contribute to wound healing and induce hair follicle neogenesis when transplanted. The clinical application of adult human SKPs, however, is hindered by their loss of potency after in vitro expansion. To overcome this challenge, we aimed to isolate SKPs from human‐induced pluripotent stem cell‐derived skin organoids (SKOs), to enable mass production of these cells for therapeutics. We developed a protocol to isolate skin‐derived precursor‐like cells (SKP‐like cells) from human SKOs. SKP‐like cells derived from SKOs exhibited characteristic spheroid morphology and were capable of self‐renewal in defined SKP growth medium. Immunofluorescence analysis confirmed the expression of key markers, including SOX2, fibronectin and S100β, within the SKP‐like cells. The findings of this pilot study shed light on the potential of SKO‐derived SKP‐like cells for future hair regenerative applications. Furthermore, this research highlights the application of human SKOs as a valuable source for isolating progenitor cells, aiming to advance hair regeneration and restore skin function.
Agenda Setting in Outpatient Consultation of Older Adults With Long‐COVID
Authors: Zhao Hao , Zhang Shuai , Ma Wen 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionAgenda setting in doctor–patient interaction refers to the process when various agendas are presented and responded to. This study revealed how Long‐COVID (LC) agenda items are managed by older adults and doctors during outpatient consultations.MethodsBased on audio recordings, we adopted Conversation Analysis (CA) to unveil under what circumstances the patient or the doctor set the agenda and how they collaboratively work to develop an LC topic. Data was transcribed in accordance with the transcription conventions developed by Jefferson.ResultsAgendas were divided into three categories, namely primary, additional, and unmet agenda items. LC agendas were identified with specific characteristics based on qualitative analysis and older adults tended to seek more medical assistance, particularly concerning their chronic diseases. We observed that patients initiate agendas more often than doctors and it could happen at any stage of the visit, both parties can resist expanding the agenda, mostly in an indirect way, and agendas that contain more information with simpler turn‐constructions are more likely to be well‐addressed.ConclusionsBetter quality of consultation was found when doctors sensitively detect the emotional change and the potential issues of the patients when they prevaricate to avoid the relevance of the previous infection. The findings also suggested that understanding the dynamics of agenda setting in consultations could lead to improvements in medical visit outcomes.Patient and Public ContributionPatients and doctors in the study were colleagues in a university hospital. They were involved in various stages of this study to ensure it addresses real‐world concerns and improves healthcare outcomes. Throughout data collection, patients contributed by allowing their consultations to be recorded and providing feedback on their experiences. Findings were discussed with a patient advisory group to ensure the interpretations aligned with patient perspectives. Doctors were also actively engaged in disseminating the results through later consultations, ensuring broad accessibility and practical application of the research outcomes.
Distribution of Stable and Radioactive Iodine Dissolved in Interstitial Waters Within the Subduction Input Sediment Offshore Sumatra Subduction Zone
Authors: Owari Satoko , Tomaru Hitoshi , Matsuzaki Hiroyuki 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTSubduction input (sediment before subduction)‐located seaward of the trench is one of the largest iodine budgets on the earth's surface. It is responsible for the deep iodine source in the landward of the trench where the iodine flux is significantly high. However, the distribution in the subduction input is poorly understood, contrary to the subducted sediment (sediment after subduction) landward of the trench. We determined iodine concentration and 129I/127I ratio of the interstitial water from the seafloor to the basement continuously at a subduction input site ~250 km southwest of the Sunda Trench for the first time to understand the iodine distribution. In the study site, the iodine concentration increased with depth linearly to ~100 μM at 1400 mbsf. Iodine isotope ratios (129I/127I) remained constant as low as ~400 × 10−15 from 400 to 1400 mbsf, suggesting that the iodine distribution was mainly controlled by old iodine‐rich fluid (low 129I/127I ratio and high iodine concentration) supplied along the basement and by mixing with seawater (high 129I/127I ratio and low iodine concentration). The linear iodine gradient was changed at ~200 and ~1200 mbsf, where the methane concentration rapidly increased and total organic carbon decreased. This indicates that young iodine (low 129I/127I ratio) was released from the organic materials in the sediment into the interstitial water at these depths. This is the first observation of in situ iodine/methane addition to the interstitial water associated with the organic decomposition. The iodine concentration and 129I/127I ratio indicated that iodine in the subduction input was either derived from the in situ sediment or allochthonous fluid transported from subducted sediment due to differences in physical properties and permeability. This allochthonous iodine transportation to the subduction input may broaden the concept of the iodine cycling in the subduction system, including the sediments after and before subduction.
Damage modes and mechanisms for fine woven pierce SiO2f/SiO2 composite under quasi‐static compression
Authors: Zhang Yawei , Sun Tao , Zeng Zhaoyong , Peng Siping , Zhou Shanyi 
Published: November 2024

AbstractFinite element analysis (FEA) for fine woven pierce SiO2f/SiO2 composites quasi‐static compression is conducted in weft and Z yarn directions, strain–stress curves with experiments and FEA are compared, and finite element model proves to be valid. During quasi‐static compression, the strain difference between matrix and fiber rise. As for compression in the weft direction, matrix micro‐cracks increased into large cracks and mainly distribute around warp fibers. The interfacial stress increases and results in interface damage around the warp fiber. The stress fields are superimposed and rise in warp and weft yarns overlapping regions, in which damage modes include matrix cracks, fiber debonding, and breakage. Obvious V‐shaped shear bands are formed on YZ surface. As for compression in the Z‐direction, interfacial stresses around the warp and weft fibers are superposited and strengthened, fibers debonding occurs continuously with increasing interfacial stress; stress field inside composites in the Z yarn gets great, SiO2f/SiO2 composites have greater compression strength in the Z‐yarn direction than that in the weft direction.
Inventing a Language Online: The Practice of Edutainment in English Teaching Instagram Posts
Authors: Shahri Naseh , Karizmeh Mojtaba Soleimani 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTAs the use of English in digital spaces continues to grow, there is an increasing amount of research focused on how it is adapted to local contexts. Proceeding from the argument that we need to go beyond studying English in isolation to investigate how it gets localized in digital settings, the purpose of the study is to investigate Instagram English teaching posts intended for an Iranian audience. To this end, we collect and analyze a dataset of Instagram posts aimed at teaching English. The research questions center on the resources which come together in these posts. Theoretically, the analysis draws on language assemblages. The findings show that English is entangled with a range of other resources and these Instagram posts emerge as engaging in edutainment, a material activity involving three interlined semiotic processes. While these processes do involve drawing from the users' L1s, they are more complex, involving a more varied set of resources than language. The social practice of edutainment comes to the fore as central, and forms are enlisted to serve this practice.
Emotions at the Heart of Tensions: A Transcendental Phenomenology of Iranian EFL Teachers’ Intra‐ and Interpersonal Emotional Tensions and Regulation Strategies
Authors: Seyri Haniye , Ghiasvand Farhad 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTTeachers constantly face tensions from different sources in L2 education. However, there is a yawning gap of knowledge on L2 teachers’ intrapersonal and interpersonal emotional tensions and associated regulatory strategies in English as a foreign language (EFL) setting. To fill this gap, the current investigation took a phenomenological approach to unveil the perceptions and experiences of a cohort of 20 Iranian EFL teachers concerning intra‐ and interpersonal emotional tensions and their regulation strategies employed to manage such tensions. A semi‐structured interview and an autobiographical narrative were utilized to glean the data. The results obtained by MAXQDA software (v.2020) divulged a range of emotional tensions at both intrapersonal and interpersonal levels. At the intrapersonal level, the participants purported to experience burnout, anxiety, self‐doubt, pressure, and frustration. Concerning interpersonal emotional tensions, they frequently stated that they grappled with collaboration problems with colleagues, stakeholders’ high expectations, and strict institutional rules and relations. To manage such tensions, the participants had used different preventive and responsive emotion regulation strategies with preventive ones being more common. The findings are discussed in detail and some conclusions and implications are enumerated for EFL teachers and teacher educators regarding emotionality and L2 education.
Multi‐Formed Power and Coordinated Responses in Academic Supervision
Authors: (Olivia) Zhang Yan 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTSupervisory dialogues are a local, power‐infused activity that discursively engages students to articulate their views and to reconcile these views with supervisors’ advice. While existing research has well informed us of different ways to solicit and respond to supervisory advice, it remains unclear how different forms of power are exercised to negotiate advice and other complex issues of research writing. Through observations, interviews and discourse analysis, this study examines how supervisors and students coordinate their responses to exercise multi‐formed power in supervision meetings. Findings reveal gatekeeping, interactional, responsive and explorative power as crucial resources both parties utilize to legitimate authority, shape epistemic asymmetries and construct shared understandings in the supervision. These resources assist supervisors to reinforce the expected knowledge‐making and balance their regulation with students’ autonomy and their self‐direction. This process regulates students’ thinking, positioning and (re)orientations to supervisory advice.