bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of red-fleshed pitaya (Hylocereus polyrhizus) on heat shock protein 70 and cortisol expression in strenuous exercise induced rats
Authors: Harahap Novita Sari , Lelo Aznan , Purba Ambrosius , Sibuea Awaluddin , Amelia Rina , Zulaini Zulaini 
Published: January 2019

Background: Oxidative stress from exercise can contribute to damaging cells, increasing heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) and suppressing the immune system in the body. This research aimed to determine the antioxidant potential of red-fleshed pitaya extract on HSP70 and cortisol expression in rats which were subjected to strenuous exercise. Methods: The subjects of this research were 32 Sprague Dawley male rats, aged 3 months, with an average weight of 200 g. Red-fleshed pitaya extract was obtained from methanol extraction process; a maceration technique was performed and the extract was concentrated using an air-drying method. Rats were randomly divided into four groups. Group 1 were subjected to strenuous exercise and treated with distilled water only; while Groups 2, 3 and 4 were subjected to strenuous exercise and treated with 100 mg/kg body weight, 200 mg/kg body weight and 300 mg/kg body weight of red-fleshed pitaya extract, respectively. Strenuous exercises in rats was performed by intense swimming of 20 min/day, 3 days a week for 3 weeks. HSP70 expression and cortisol were measured with Enzyme-Linked Immune Sorbent Assay (ELISA) method. Results: There was a significant reduction of HSP70 (p=0.000) and cortisol expression (p=0.000) between the groups. Also, there was a significant difference in the average decreasing of HSP70 expression between group 4 and either groups 1 or 2 (p=0.000). However, a significant difference between groups 4 and 3 was not observed (p=0.813). Lastly, a significant difference was found in the average decrease of cortisol expression between groups 4 and 1 (p=0.000), 2 (p=0.000), and 3 (p=0.000) respectively. Conclusion: Red-fleshed pitaya is potential to be utilized as antioxidant to decrease the HSP70 and cortisol expression.
Performance Comparison of Machine Learning Platforms
Authors: Roy Asim , Qureshi Shiban , Pande Kartikeya , Nair Divitha , Gairola Kartik , Jain Pooja , Singh Suraj , Sharma Kirti , Jagadale Akshay , Lin Yi-Yang , Sharma Shashank , Gotety Ramya , Zhang Yuexin , Tang Ji , Mehta Tejas , Sindhanuru Hemanth , Okafor Nonso , Das Santak , Gopal Chidambara N. , Rudraraju Srinivasa B. , Kakarlapudi Avinash V. 
Published: January 2019

In this paper, we present a method for comparing and evaluating different collections of machine learning algorithms on the basis of a given performance measure (e.g., accuracy, area under the curve (AUC), F-score). Such a method can be used to compare standard machine learning platforms such as SAS, IBM SPSS, and Microsoft Azure ML. A recent trend in automation of machine learning is to exercise a collection of machine learning algorithms on a particular problem and then use the best performing algorithm. Thus, the proposed method can also be used to compare and evaluate different collections of algorithms for automation on a certain problem type and find the best collection. In the study reported here, we applied the method to compare six machine learning platforms – R, Python, SAS, IBM SPSS Modeler, Microsoft Azure ML, and Apache Spark ML. We compared the platforms on the basis of predictive performance on classification problems because a significant majority of the problems in machine learning are of that type. The general question that we addressed is the following: Are there platforms that are superior to others on some particular performance measure? For each platform, we used a collection of six classification algorithms from the following six families of algorithms – support vector machines, multilayer perceptrons, random forest (or variant), decision trees/gradient boosted trees, Naive Bayes/Bayesian networks, and logistic regression. We compared their performance on the basis of classification accuracy, F-score, and AUC. We used F-score and AUC measures to compare platforms on two-class problems only. For testing the platforms, we used a mix of data sets from (1) the University of California, Irvine (UCI) library, (2) the Kaggle competition library, and (3) high-dimensional gene expression problems. We performed some hyperparameter tuning on algorithms wherever possible.The online supplement is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/ijoc.2018.0825 .
Solitary ulnar shortening osteotomy for malunion of distal radius fractures: experience of a centre in the UK and review of the literature
Authors: Hassan S , Shafafy R , Mohan A , Magnussen P 
Published: January 2019

Introduction Isolated ulnar shortening osteotomies can be used to treat ulnocarpal abutment secondary to radial shortening following distal radius fractures. Given the increase of fragility distal radius fractures awareness of treating the sequelae of distal radius fractures is important. We present the largest reported case series in the UK of ulnar shortening osteotomies for this indication. Materials and methods Twenty patients with previous distal radial fractures were included, who presented with wrist pain and radiologically evident positive ulnar variance secondary to malunion of the distal radius with no significant intercalated instability. Patients were treated with a short oblique ulnar shortening osteotomy, using a Stanley jig and small AO compression plate system. Pre- and postoperative radiographical measurements of inclination, dorsal/volar angulation and ulnar variance were made. Patients were scored pre- and postoperatively using the Quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (QuickDASH) and Patient-Rated Wrist Evaluation scores by two orthopaedic surgeons. Mean follow-up was 24 months after surgery. Results Radiographical analysis revealed a change in the ulnar variance with an average reduction of 5.74 mm. Mean preoperative scores were 61.1 (range 25–95.5) for QuickDASH and 70.4 (range 33–92) for Patient-Rated Wrist Evaluation. At the latest follow-up, mean postoperative QuickDASH scores were 10.6 (range 0–43.2) and 17.2 (range 0–44) for Patient-Rated Wrist Evaluation. Differences in scores after surgery for both QuickDASH and Patient-Rated Wrist Evaluation were statistically significant (P < 0.01). Conclusions The ulnar shortening osteotomy is a relatively simple procedure compared with corrective radial osteotomy, with a lower complication profile. In our series, patients showed significant improvement in pain and function by correcting the ulnar variance thus preventing ulna–carpal impaction.
Patients' Perceptions of Proton Pump Inhibitor Risks and Attempts at Discontinuation: A National Survey
Authors: Kurlander Jacob E. , Kennedy Jennifer K. , Rubenstein Joel H. , Richardson Caroline R. , Krein Sarah L. , De Vries Raymond , Saini Sameer D. 
Published: January 2019

OBJECTIVES:
Little is known about how reports on the adverse effects of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) impact patients' perceptions of these drugs and medication use. We sought to determine patients' level of concern about PPI adverse effects and its association with attempts to discontinue these drugs.

METHODS:
This study is an online survey of US adults who use PPIs for gastroesophageal reflux disease. Topics included awareness of and concern about PPI adverse effects, prior discussion with providers, and attempts to stop PPI because of concern about adverse effects. For the primary analysis, we used logistic regression to identify associations between having attempted to stop PPI and concern about PPI-related adverse effects, a provider's recommendation to stop, risk of upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB), age, and gender.

RESULTS:
Among 755 patient participants, mean age was 49 years (s.d. 16), 71% were women, and 24% were at high risk of UGIB. Twenty percent of patients were able to write in ≥1 reported adverse effect, and 46% endorsed awareness of ≥1 adverse effect when presented with a list, most commonly chronic kidney disease (17%). Thirty-three percent of patients were slightly concerned, 32% somewhat concerned, and 14% extremely concerned about adverse effects. Twenty-four percent of patients had discussed PPI risks and benefits with a provider, and 9% had been recommended to stop. Thirty-nine percent had attempted to stop their PPI, most (83%) without a provider recommendation. Factors associated with an attempt at stopping PPI included: (i) provider recommendation to stop (odds ratio [OR] 3.26 [1.82–5.83]); (ii) concern about adverse effects (OR 5.13 [2.77–9.51] for slightly, 12.0 [6.51–22.2] for somewhat, and 19.4 [9.75–38.7] for extremely concerned); and (iii) female gender (OR 1.64 [1.12–2.39]). Patients at high risk of UGIB were as likely to have attempted to stop as others (OR 0.98 [0.66–1.44]).

CONCLUSIONS:
Concern about PPIs is common and strongly associated with attempts at discontinuation, even without a provider's recommendation. Notably, individuals at high risk of UGIB, who benefit from PPIs, were equally likely to have tried stopping PPIs as others. Providers should proactively discuss the risks and benefits of PPIs with their patients, who may otherwise make unwise decisions about PPI management on their own.
Aktive Schwingungsdämpfung einer Windkraftanlage mit hydrostatischem Getriebe und permanenterregtem Synchrongenerator
Authors: Kersten Julia , Aschemann Harald 
Published: January 2019

Zusammenfassung
Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird ein modellbasierter Regelungsansatz für eine

5

MW

5\hspace{0.1667em}\mathrm{MW}

-Windturbine mit einer hydrostatischen Übersetzung und einem permanenterregten Synchrongenerator betrachtet. Die Struktur beinhaltet zwei dezentrale Regler: einen für eine aktive Schwingungsdämpfung des Turms und der Blätter sowie einen weiteren für den Antriebsstrang. Beide Regelungskonzepte wurden unter Nutzung linearer Matrix-Ungleichungen (LMIs) entworfen, sodass Unsicherheiten, welche beispielsweise durch Parametervariabilitäten gegeben sind, adäquat betrachtet werden können. Im Gegensatz zu herkömmlichen Konzepten bildet die hier vorgestellte Regelung den gesamten Betriebsbereich der Windkraftanlage ab und kann so sowohl bei schwachen Windstärken als auch im Starkwindbereich genutzt werden.
Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU): new preanalytic aspects
Authors: Mindt Sonani , Aida Sihem , Merx Kirsten , Müller Annette , Gutting Tobias , Hedtke Maren , Neumaier Michael , Hofheinz Ralf-Dieter 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

Background
5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is frequently used for the treatment of gastrointestinal tumors. The pharmacological effect of 5-FU is influenced by genetic polymorphisms as well as differently dosed regimens. Currently, 5-FU is generally administered as a continuous infusion via an implanted port system using a body surface area (BSA)-based dose calculation. In order to optimize treatment, the area under the curve (AUC) can be estimated to allow for individual dose adjustment. A 5-FU AUC range between 20 and 30 [mg×h×L] is recommended. The aim of the current study was to assess if blood for AUC analysis could also be drawn at the side where the port system had been placed.

Methods
We collected EDTA blood samples of patients receiving infusional 5-FU simultaneously from different sampling points (right/left cubital vein). 5-FU concentrations were measured in a steady-state equilibrium based on nanoparticle immunoassay (My5-FU; Saladax).

Results
A total of 39 patients took part in this study. About half of the patients did not reach the target 5-FU concentration window (37% were under- and 16% of the patients were overdosed). Calculated median AUC was 23.3 for the right arm (range 5.8–59.4) and a median of 23.4 for the left arm (range 5.3–61.0). AUC values showed no difference between right compared to left arms (p=0.99).

Conclusions
In all, these results confirm that a high percentage of patients are not treated with 5-FU doses reaching suggested AUC levels of 20–30. The location of venepuncture, however, had no impact on the results of plasma 5-FU concentration.
Comparing Short and Long-Memory Charts to Monitor the Traffic Intensity of Single Server Queues
Authors: Santos Marta , Morais Manuel Cabral , Pacheco António 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
The traffic intensity (ρ) is a vital parameter of queueing systems because it is a measure of the average occupancy of a server.
Consequently, it influences their operational performance, namely queue lengths and waiting times. Moreover, since many computer, production and transportation systems are frequently modelled as queueing systems, it is crucial to use control charts to detect changes in ρ. In this paper, we pay particular attention to control charts meant to detect increases in the traffic intensity, namely: a short-memory chart based on the waiting time of the n-th arriving customer; two long-memory charts with more sophisticated control statistics, and the two cumulative sum (CUSUM) charts proposed by Chen and Zhou (2015). We confront the performances of these charts in terms of some run length related performance metrics and under different out-of-control scenarios. Extensive results are provided to give the quality control practitioner a concrete idea about the performance of these charts.
Unique continuation for a reaction-diffusion system with cross diffusion
Authors: Wu Bin , Gao Ying , Wang Zewen , Chen Qun 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
This paper concerns unique continuation for a reaction-diffusion system with cross diffusion, which is a drug war reaction-diffusion system describing a simple dynamic model of a drug epidemic in an idealized community.
We first establish a Carleman estimate for this strongly coupled reaction-diffusion system. Then we apply the Carleman estimate to prove the unique continuation, which means that the Cauchy data on any lateral boundary determine the solution uniquely in the whole domain.
Effects of perspective-taking on pronominal reference to humans and animals: Logophoricity in Finnish
Authors: Kaiser Elsi 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThis paper investigates the logophoric pronoun system of Finnish, with a focus on reference to animals, to further our understanding of the linguistic representation of non-human animals, how perspective-taking is signaled linguistically, and how this relates to features such as [+/-HUMAN]. In contexts where animals are grammatically [-HUMAN] but conceptualized as the perspectival center (whose thoughts, speech or mental state is being reported), can they be referred to with logophoric pronouns? Colloquial Finnish is claimed to have a logophoric pronoun which has the same form as the human-referring pronoun of standard Finnish, han (she/he). This allows us to test whether a pronoun that may at first blush seem featurally specified to seek [+HUMAN] referents can be used for [-HUMAN] referents when they are logophoric. I used corpus data to compare the claim that han is logophoric in both standard and colloquial Finnish vs. the claim that the two registers have different logophoric systems. I argue for a unified system where han is logophoric in both registers, and moreover can be used for logophoric [-HUMAN] referents in both colloquial and standard Finnish. Thus, on its logophoric use, han does not require its referent to be [+HUMAN].
Cohesion and Particularity in the Spanish Dialect Continuum
Authors: Fernández Francisco Moreno , Ueda Hiroto 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
This paper studies the degree of cohesion among varieties of Spanish, proposing an analysis of Spanish dialectal variation and the internal cohesion of varieties using the Varilex-R database (2016). A battery of complementary statistical tests (correlation analysis, cluster analysis, association analysis) has been applied to these data in order to establish the distances between the principal modalities of the Spanish language. It also introduces the calculation of indices of generality and particularity, which, by establishing associations between linguistic uses within different countries, illustrate the extent to which each country’s Spanish, by virtue of its linguistic uses, can be considered more general or more particular.
The Public-Art Publics: An Analysis of Some Structural Differences among Public-Art Spheres
Authors: Baldini Andrea 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
In this paper, I argue for what I define as the multiplicity thesis (MT). According to MT, there is not a single public of public art, but a multiplicity of them. I defend MT both as a descriptive and a normative claim. I explore different types of publics of public art that can be distinguished from one another in terms of their different sizes. I expand my analysis of the differences among separate publics of public art by considering temporary and enduring ones.
Serum folic acid, PCT, CRP and ESR detection as biomarker in differentiation ulcerative colitis activity
Authors: Xia Dong , An Jikun 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Objective: To investigate the serum concentration of folic acid, procalcitonin (PCT), C-reactive protein (CRP) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) as biomarkers in the differentiation of the severity of ulcerative colitis (UC). Methods: Fifty one patients who had been diagnosed with UC were recruited from January 2014 to August 2017. Twenty-two of these patients had severe diseases while the remaining twenty-nine patients had mild/moderate disease, according to the Truelove-Witts classification criteria. In the same study, 26 healthy subjects which served as the healthy controls were included alongside the UC patient group. The serum folic acid, PCT, CRP and ESR were examined and compared among the healthy control, mild/moderate and severe UC groups. Results: The serum PCT, CRP and ESR in the control group were significantly lower than those of mild/moderate and severe UC groups with statistical significance (p<0.001). However, the serum folic acid in the control group was significant higher than that of mild/ moderate and severe UC groups (p<0.001). The serum folic acid (p=0.015), PCT (p<0.001) and ESR (p<0.001) were significantly different between the severe and mild/moderate groups. However, the serum CRP was not statistically significant between the mild/moderate and severe UC groups (p=0.06). Using serum folic acid, PCT, CRP and ESR as biomarkers in the differentiation of mild/moderate and severe UC, the serum PCT had good diagnostic accuracy for detecting severe UC with the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of 85.71% (63.66~96.95%), 82.76% (64.23~94.15%), respectively under the cut off value of 0.045. The correlation between serum CRP, ESR and PCT were examined by Pearson correlation test and line regression analysis. However, there was no correlation between each of them with the exception of folic acid and ESR (r=-0.334, p=0.017). Conclusion: Serum folic acid, PCT, CRP and ESR are significantly elevated in patients with active UC thereby presenting novel and potentially promising biomarkers for the diagnosis and differentiation of mild/moderate and sever UC.
Fast decay of eigenfunction correlators in long-range continuous random alloys
Authors: Chulaevsky Victor 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
We study random Anderson Hamiltonians in Euclidean spaces with a long-range particle-media interaction potential

{\mathfrak{u}(r)=r^{-A}}

. Improving earlier results, for any

{A>2d}

, we establish spectral and strong dynamical localization with sub-exponential decay of eigenfunction correlators, both in the strong disorder regime and at low energies.
Muscle stretching – the potential role of endogenous pain inhibitory modulation on stretch tolerance
Authors: Støve Morten Pallisgaard , Hirata Rogerio Pessoto , Palsson Thorvaldur Skuli 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

Background and aims
The effect of stretching on joint range of motion is well documented and is primarily related to changes in the tolerance to stretch, but the mechanisms underlying this change are still largely unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of a remote, painful stimulus on stretch tolerance.

Methods
Thirty-four healthy male subjects were recruited and randomly assigned to an experimental pain group (n=17) or a control group (n=17). Passive knee extension range of motion, the activity of hamstring muscles and passive resistive torque were measured with subjects in a seated position. Three consecutive measures were performed with a 5-min interval between. A static stretch protocol was utilized in both groups to examine the effect of stretching and differences in stretch tolerance between groups. Following this, the pain-group performed a cold pressor test which is known to engage the endogenous pain inhibitory system after which measurements were repeated.

Results
A significant increase in knee extension range of motion was found in the pain group compared with controls (ANCOVA: p<0.05). No difference was found in muscle activity or passive resistive torque between groups (ANCOVA p>0.091).

Conclusions
Passive knee extension range of motion following stretching increased when following a distant, painful stimulus, potentially engaging the endogenous pain inhibitory systems. Current findings indicate a link between increased tolerance to stretch and endogenous pain inhibition.

Implications
The current findings may have implications for clinical practice as they indicate that a distant painful stimulus can influence range of motion in healthy individuals. This implies that the modulation of pain has significance for the efficacy of stretching which is important knowledge when prescribing stretching as part of rehabilitation.
Probing Resonances and Pseudospin Symmetry of the Eckart Potential by the Complex Scaling Method within the Relativistic Framework
Authors: Wang Suo-Fu , Shi Min , Liu Quan , Guo Jian-You 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
The complex scaling method is applied to probe the resonances of a Dirac particle in the Eckart potential, along with the corresponding energies and widths obtained. Then, the dependence of the resonant energies and widths on the parameters of the potential is checked. The results indicate that the energy and width of the pseudospin doublets preserve a good pseudospin symmetry. Furthermore, the quality of pseudospin symmetry is correlated with the parameters of the Eckart potential.
Prediction and Optimization of Erosion Rate of Carbon Fiber–Reinforced Ebonite Using Fuzzy Logic
Authors: Chowdhury M. A. , Shuvho B. A. , Debnath U. K. , Nuruzzaman D. M. 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
In this study, a fuzzy artificial intelligence approach is utilized to predict the erosion rate of reinforced ebonite composite materials with carbon fiber owing to the significant accuracy of soft computing techniques. Experimental data were used to predict the erosion rate with respect to the input testing conditions, namely, impact velocity, impingement angle, erodent size, and stand-off distance. The size of the erosive element of randomly shaped sand particles (silicon dioxide) is set between 300 and 600 μm. Other input process parameters, such as the impact velocity between 30 and 50 m/s, the impingement angle between 30° and 90°, and the stand-off distance between 15 and 25 mm, are selected. The consistency between the experimental and fuzzy logic model values, with a 94.45 % accuracy, signifies that the proposed fuzzy logic model is suitable for predicting the erosion rate of reinforced ebonite composite materials. The maximum erosion rate is obtained between a 50° and 60° impingement angle. Morphological images are analyzed by scanning electron microscopy to elucidate the erosion mechanisms.