bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CALD1, CNN1, and TAGLN identified as potential prognostic molecular markers of bladder cancer by bioinformatics analysis
Authors: Liu Yun , Wu Xia , Wang Guokun , Hu Shisong , Zhang Yuandong , Zhao Shenglong 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

Background:
Bladder cancer (BC) is one of the most common malignant neoplasms in the genitourinary tract. We employed the GSE13507 data set from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database in order to identify key genes related to tumorigenesis, progression, and prognosis in BC patients.

Methods:
The data set used in this study included 10 normal bladder mucosae tissue samples and 165 primary BC tissue samples. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the 2 types of samples were identified by GEO2R. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses were performed using the online website DAVID. The online website STRING was used to construct a protein–protein interaction network. Moreover, the plugins in MCODE and cytoHubba in Cytoscape were employed to find the hub genes and modules in these DEGs.

Results:
We identified 154 DEGs comprising 135 downregulated genes and 19 upregulated genes. The GO enrichment results were mainly related to the contractile fiber part, extracellular region part, actin cytoskeleton, and extracellular region. The KEGG pathway enrichment results mainly comprised type I diabetes mellitus, asthma, systemic lupus erythematosus, and allograft rejection. A module was identified from the protein–protein interaction network. In total, 15 hub genes were selected and 3 of them comprising CALD1, CNN1, and TAGLN were associated with both overall survival and disease-free survival.

Conclusion:

CALD1, CNN1, and TAGLN may be potential biomarkers for diagnosis as well as therapeutic targets in BC patients.
Efficacy and safety of Yinchen Sini decoction in treating biliary atresia patients after Kasai portoenterostomy
Authors: Chen Guoming , Huang Chuyao , Lu Jiaxin , Huang Ruilan , Zhang Jie , Chen Ziyin , Xu Hua 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

Background:
Biliary atresia (BA) is a neonatal obstructive biliary tract disease in which the intrahepatic and extrahepatic bile ducts are obstructed and can lead to congenital biliary atresia of cholestatic cirrhosis and eventually liver failure. It has been confirmed that the Kasai portoenterostomy is an effective treatment for BA. But most patients still face complications, such as cholangitis and liver fibrosis. Yinchen Sini decoction (YCSND), a traditional herbal formula, is used as a treatment for BA after Kasai portoenterostomy. And it is supported that YCSND can improve jaundice and liver fibrosis through multiple targets and pathways. Based on the published literature, this study aims to evaluate the current situation in the treatment of BA in children with YCSND.

Methods:
The following databases will be searched until October 2018: PubMed, The Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Chinese biomedical literature database (CBM), Wan Fang Database, Chinese Scientific Journals Database (VIP) and other sources such as Hand searching, Conference proceeding, International Clinical Trials Registry Platform and Chinese Clinical Trials Registry. All randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of YCSND or related formula as a treatment for postoperative patients of Kasai portoenterostomy for BA will be collected. Data extraction and risk of bias assessments will be carried out by 2 verifiers independently. The risk of bias will be evaluated through the Cochrane risk of bias tool. Review Manager software (RevMan V.5.3.0) and STATA 15 will be used for statistical analyses.

Results:
This study will provide a high-quality synthesis of current evidence of YCSND in treating children undergoing Kasai portoenterostomy for BA from several aspects.

Conclusion:
The conclusion of the meta-analysis will offer evidence for deciding whether YCSND is an effective measure for children undergoing Kasai portoenterostomy for BA.

Ethics and dissemination:
Not only will this systematic review be published in a peer-reviewed journal, but it will also be propagated electronically and in print. The review will bring patients benefit and provide practitioners reference in the fields of conventional medicine.

PROSPERO registration number:
PROSPERO CRD 42018111321.
Event-free survival following early endometrial events in breast cancer patients treated with anti-hormonal therapy
Authors: Lee Yura , Park Yu Rang , Kim Hae Reong , Lee Jong Won 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Tamoxifen, an anti-estrogen agent that can suppress breast cancer, has been reported to increase endometrium-related adverse events. There are no guidelines for screening tamoxifen-treated patients for endometrial disease. We analyzed nationwide claims data related to endometrial diseases to investigate patterns of endometrial disease in breast cancer patients who underwent hormonal treatment.
We sourced claims data from the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service in South Korea. Patients who made their first claim for an anti-hormonal agent between January 1, 2010 and December 31, 2012 were enrolled retrospectively. We analyzed patient characteristics and all claims related to endometrial disease, stratified by prescribed hormonal agents.
Among a total of 32,496 enrolled patients, 19,603 used tamoxifen only and 10,101 were treated with an aromatase inhibitor (AI) alone. Endometrial events occurred in 15.4% (3028/19603) of the tamoxifen-only patients and 2.0% (201/10101) of the AI-only group. In patients diagnosed with breast cancer at the age of 50 or older, the hazard ratio (HR) of endometrial malignancy in the tamoxifen-only group compared to the AI-only group was 4.13 (95% CI 1.404–12.159, P = .010). The HR of curettage in the tamoxifen-only group was 31.0 (95% CI 19.668–48.831, P <.001).
The occurrence of endometrial events among tamoxifen-treated breast cancer patients was higher than in patients treated with only AI, similar to previous studies. However, the HR of curettage was uniquely high, despite its invasiveness. Guidelines for screening endometrial disease and improvements of healthcare policy are required to appropriately manage high-risk patients.
Successful entecavir plus prednisolone treatment for hepatitis B virus-associated membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis
Authors: Kataoka Hiroshi , Mochizuki Toshio , Akihisa Taro , Kawasoe Kentaro , Kawachi Keiko , Makabe Shiho , Sawada Anri , Manabe Shun , Sato Masayo , Amemiya Nobuyuki , Mitobe Michihiro , Akanuma Takafumi , Ito Yasuko , Inoue Takahiro , Suzuki Tomo , Matsui Katsuomi , Moriyama Takahito , Horita Shigeru , Ohara Mamiko , Honda Kazuho , Nitta Kosaku 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

Rationale:
Adult-onset hepatitis B virus-associated membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (HBV-MPGN) is generally refractory, and an effective treatment for this condition has not been established. The indications for steroids in HBV-MPGN are an important clinical concern.

Patient concerns:
A 28-year-old woman with a chronic hepatitis B virus infection developed nephrotic syndrome in her second month of pregnancy, with urinary protein levels of 3 to 10 g/d that continued into her postpartum period. She was a carrier of HBV with HBeAg seroconversion. As her renal impairment could have been a result of pregnancy, we observed her for 10 months postpartum without any intervention. However, spontaneous remission after childbirth was not achieved and urine protein levels were sustained at 1 to 3 g/d. About 10 months after delivery, elevated serum liver enzyme levels were observed.

Diagnosis:
Biopsies showed MPGN, with deposition of hepatitis B antigen in the glomeruli, and chronic B-type hepatitis with a severity grade of A1F0. She was diagnosed with HBV-MPGN.

Interventions:
The patient was started on entecavir 0.5 mg/d in March 2008. Within 1 month, serum HBV DNA became undetectable; within 3 months, her alanine aminotransferase levels normalized. However, urinary protein excretion did not decrease to <2 g/d. On a second renal biopsy, performed 7 months after entecavir treatment, proliferative lesions of the glomeruli were observed; therefore, prednisolone was started at an initial dose of 30 mg/d.

Outcomes:
Her proteinuria improved immediately and prednisolone was tapered over 10 months. A third renal biopsy showed a remarkable resolution of HBV-MPGN, with a significant decrease in mesangial proliferation and immune complex deposition. HBV reactivation was not observed during the prednisolone treatment.

Lessons:
Additional prednisolone therapy in combination with antiviral therapy should be considered for refractory HBV-MPGN, with sufficient care taken regarding HBV reactivation.
The cost-effectiveness of medication, laser trabeculoplasty, and trabeculectomy for treatment of open-angle glaucoma in South Korea
Authors: Choi Jin A. , Song Lina D. , Choi Seulggie , Park Sang Min , Kwon Jin Woo , Jee Donghyun 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

Objectives:
Open-angle glaucoma (OAG) imposes high disease burden in South Korea. Although various effective interventions are available to manage the progression of OAG, there is limited data on the cost-effectiveness of these treatment strategies in South Korea.

Methods:
Using a Markov cohort model, we evaluated the cost-effectiveness of 3 major treatment strategies (medication, laser trabeculoplasty, and trabeculectomy) for South Korean patients with OAG. We projected a 25-year time horizon to study a hypothetical cohort of 10,000 patients of age 40 with mild OAG. The outcome measures were quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) gained, cost from the societal perspective, and the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of medication, laser trabeculoplasty, and trabeculectomy. Interventions were evaluated at a willingness-to-pay (WTP) threshold of 30,000,000 KRW ($29,152) per QALY gained. Deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were conducted to address the model uncertainty.

Results:
The mean costs for medication, laser trabeculoplasty, and trabeculectomy were 29,661,740 KRW, 17,34,1342 KRW, and 22,275,438 KRW, respectively. The mean QALYs gained were 15.7, 15.3, and 14.8 for medication, laser trabeculoplasty, and trabeculectomy, respectively. Surgery was strongly dominated because it generated fewer expected QALYs but incurred greater expected cost than laser. The ICER was 30,885,179 KRW per QALY for medication versus laser trabeculoplasty. Laser was cost-effective, however, at a lower WTP threshold of 21,000,000 KRW per QALY gained or below. The results were most sensitive to the progression rates from mild to moderate glaucoma under laser treatment.

Conclusion:
Under the WTP threshold of 30,000,000 KRW per QALY, medication was cost-effective compared with laser trabeculoplasty and trabeculectomy for treating mild OAG in South Korean population. Laser, however, can be a cost-effective alternative in more resource-limited settings.
Chronic active EBV infection associated with NK cell lymphoma and hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in a 27-year-old woman
Authors: Wang Ya-Dong , Wu Ling-Ling , Ma Lu-Yuan , Shang Xiao-Bo , Li Zi-Yue , Wang Wei , Shen Chuan , Yang Jing-Jing , Sun Li-Xia , Zhao Cai-Yan 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

Rationale:
Chronic active Epstein-Barr virus infection (CAEBV) is a common infectious disease that often affects multiple organs or systems. However, it is liable to be neglected and misdiagnosed owing to its insidious onset, lack of specific findings in the early phase, and a general lack of awareness among clinicians.

Patient concerns:
a 27-year-old woman case has been described who was initially misdiagnosed as drug-induced liver injury due to onset presentation of mild splenomegaly, recurrent liver dysfunction, and disputable pathological evidence of liver biopsy.

Diagnoses:
CAEBV complicated with natural killer (NK) cell lymphoma and hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) was diagnosed by in situ hybridization of liver tissue section with EBV-encoded RNA -1 probe and flow cytometry of bone marrow.

Interventions:
After admission, the patient received symptomatic treatment and antiviral therapy (combination of acyclovir and foscarnet sodium) as well as adjuvant treatment (thymosin alpha 1 and methylprednisolone); later, the patient received etoposide and dexamethasone for diagnosis of EBV associated HLH. Subsequently, the disease progressed to NK cell lymphoma and the patient received the revised EPOCH chemotherapy regimen [etoposide (100 mg/d, d1–5), dexamethasone (7.5 mg/d, d1–5; 5 mg/d, d6–14), cyclophosphamide (0.8 g/d, d1–2), and pegaspargase (3750 u/d, tid, d1–2)].

Outcomes:
Although the patient received a series of therapies and other comprehensive measures, finally she died of gastrointestinal hemorrhage and multiple organ failure.

Lessons:
Liver is one of the main target organs of EBV infection. In the clinical setting of unexplained fever and liver injury, it is necessary to be aware of CAEBV, as well as its fatal complication such as EBV associated NK cell lymphoma and HLH.
Identification of key regulators of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma using bioinformatics analysis of microarray data
Authors: Li Nan , Zhao Xin , You Shengyi 
Published: January 2019

AbstractPancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most lethal forms of cancer, and its etiology remains largely unknown. This study aimed to screen a panel of key genes and to identify their potential impact on the molecular pathways associated with the development of PDAC. Four gene expression profiles, GSE28735, GSE15471, GSE102238, and GSE43795, were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The intersection of the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in each dataset was obtained using Venn analysis. Gene ontology (GO) function and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway (KEGG) analysis were subsequently carried out. To screen for hub genes, a protein–protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed.The intersection of the DEGs revealed 7 upregulated and 9 downregulated genes. Upon relaxation of the selection criteria, 58 upregulated and 32 downregulated DEGs were identified. The top 5 biological processes identified by GO analysis involved peptide cross-linking, extracellular matrix (ECM) disassembly, regulation of the fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway, mesoderm morphogenesis, and lipid digestion. The results of KEGG analysis revealed that the DEGs were significantly enriched in pathways involved in protein digestion and absorption, ECM-receptor interaction, pancreatic secretion, and fat digestion and absorption. The top ten hub genes were identified based on the PPI network.In conclusion, the identified hub genes may contribute to the elucidation of the underlying molecular mechanisms of PDAC and serve as promising candidates that can be utilized for the early diagnosis and prognostic prediction of PDAC. However, further experimental validation is required to confirm these results.
Papillary glioblastoma exhibiting a neuroradiological cyst with a mural nodule
Authors: Homma Taku , Hanashima Yuya , Maebayashi Toshiya , Nakanishi Yoko , Ishige Toshiyuki , Ohta Takashi , Yoshino Atsuo , Hao Hiroyuki 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

Rationale:
Glioblastomas are malignant, infiltrating gliomas classified as grade IV by the World Health Organization. Genetically, most glioblastomas do not exhibit the isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) 1/2 gene mutation and rarely harbor the 1p/19q co-deletion. Neuroradiologically, glioblastomas rarely form a cyst with a mural nodule lesion.

Patient concerns:
In this study, a 78-year-old woman, with speech difficulty and forgetfulness, had a cystic tumor with a mural nodule in the right frontoparietal lobe. Therefore, partial tumor resection was performed.

Diagnosis:
Histopathology of the tumor, a glioblastoma, exhibited pseudopapillary features with non-hyalinized capillary cores and rich mini-gemistocytic cells. Genetic analysis of the tumor revealed co-deletion of 1p36/19q13, with wild-type IDH.

Interventions:
The patient underwent a combination of postoperative radiotherapy and temozolomide chemotherapy before leaving the hospital. After discharge, she was treated by 20 courses of temozolomide chemotherapy.

Outcomes:
The patient is free from tumor recurrence 23 months after the operation.

Lessons:
We present a unique case of glioblastoma that exhibited novel neuroradiological, histopathological, and genetic features with a favorable prognosis for the patient. Therefore, a compilation of similar cases with clinicopathological and genetic analyses to characterize this unique glioblastoma is critical. Clinical evidence will help develop effective therapeutic approaches to improve prognosis in patients with glioblastoma.
Dietary patterns and Helicobacter pylori infection in a group of Chinese adults ages between 45 and 59 years old
Authors: Shu Long , Zheng Pei-Fen , Zhang Xiao-Yan , Feng Yu-Liang 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Limited studies have reported the association between dietary patterns and the risk of Helicobacter pylori (H pylori) infection. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between dietary patterns and H pylori infection in a Chinese population ages from 45 to 59 years. We performed a cross-sectional examination of the associations between dietary patterns and H pylori infection in 3014 Chinese adults ages between 45 and 59 years from Hangzhou city, Zhejiang province, China. Dietary intake was assessed through a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). H pylori infection was diagnosed using the 13C-urea breath test. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to determine the associations between dietary patterns and the risk of H pylori infection. The prevalence of H pylori infection was 27.5%. Four major dietary patterns were identified by means of factor analysis: health-conscious, Western, grains-vegetables and high-salt patterns. After adjustment for the potential confounders, participants in the highest quartile of the “grains-vegetables” pattern scores had a lower odds ratio (OR) for H pylori infection (OR = 0.82; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.732–0.973; P = .04) than did those in the lowest quartile. Compared with those in the lowest quartile, participants in the highest quartile of the “high-salt” pattern scores had a greater OR for H pylori infection (OR = 1.13; 95%CI: 1.004–1.139; P = .048). Besides, no significant associations were found between the “health-conscious” and “Western” dietary patterns and the risk of H pylori infection.
Our findings demonstrate that the “grains-vegetables” pattern is associated with a decreased risk, while “high-salt” pattern is associated with an increased risk of H pylori infection.
Docosahexaenoic Acid in Mature Breast Milk of Low‐income Mothers
Authors: Visentin Silvana , Malpeli Agustina , Fasano Victoria , Falivene Mariana , Malizia Betiana E. , González Horacio F. 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACTDocosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is among the main components of synaptosomal membranes and myelin sheaths. Because DHA is essential for child neurodevelopment, breast milk DHA levels should be improved by optimizing maternal nutrition. We determined DHA percentage levels in breast milk of low‐income mothers receiving care at the public healthcare sector. We performed a descriptive, cross‐sectional study in breast milk samples from 39 exclusively breast‐feeding adult mothers with normal fetal and neonatal history. Samples were collected 90 ± 7 days after delivery. Breast milk fatty acid composition was determined by gas chromatography. The cut‐off value of DHA was 0.3% of total fatty acids in milk according to recommendations. Median DHA in milk was 0.14% (0.12–0.21). Breast milk DHA levels were lower than the minimum recommended in 92% of samples. The analysis of breast milk samples from low‐income exclusively breast‐feeding mothers showed that they did not reach the minimum recommended DHA percentage.
Evaluation of an Adapted Project Connect Community-based Intervention Among Professionals Serving Young Minority Men
Authors: Perin Jamie , Jennings Jacky M. , Arrington-Sanders Renata , Page Kathleen R. , Loosier Penny S. , Dittus Patricia J. , Marcell Arik V. 
Published: January 2019

Background
To address sexual and reproductive health (SRH) needs of young minority urban males, we developed and evaluated Project Connect Baltimore (Connect), which was adapted from a program with demonstrated effectiveness among young females. The objectives were to determine (1) the feasibility of Connect as adapted for young minority men, (2) whether the program increased SRH knowledge and resource sharing of youth-serving professionals (YSPs) working with young men, and (3) whether the program improved awareness and use of resources for young minority men in Baltimore City, an urban environment with high rates of sexually transmitted diseases.

Methods
Connect developed a clinic referral guide for male youth-friendly resources for SRH. The YSPs working with partners and organizations serving young minority men were trained to use Connect materials and pretraining, immediate, and 3-month posttraining surveys were conducted to evaluate program effects. A before-after evaluation study was conducted among young men attending five urban Connect clinics where sexually transmitted disease/human immunodeficiency virus rates are high, recruiting young men in repeated cross-sectional surveys from April 2014 to September 2017.

Results
Two hundred thirty-five YSPs were trained to use Connect materials, including a website, an article-based pocket guide, and were given information regarding SRH for young men. These professionals demonstrated increased knowledge about SRH for young men at immediate posttest (60.6% to 86.7%, P < 0.05), and reported more sharing of websites for SRH (23% to 62%, P < 0.05) from pretraining to 3-month posttraining. 169 young minority men were surveyed and reported increased awareness of Connect over 3 and a half years (4% to 11%, P = 0.015), although few young men reported using the website to visit clinics.

Conclusions
Project Connect Baltimore increased knowledge of SRH needs among youth-serving professionals and sharing of SRH resources by these professionals with young men. This program also demonstrated increases in awareness of SRH resources among young minority urban men.
Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in the Treatment of a Difficult to Treat Condition, Borderline Personality Disorder
Authors: RACHID FADY 
Published: January 2019

Background:
Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is a serious mental disorder characterized by a pervasive pattern of instability in affect regulation and interpersonal relationships, poor self-image and behavioral control, self-injurious behavior, suicidality, and other high-risk behaviors. It is also characterized by a high mortality rate by suicide.

Methods:
The published literature on repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), theta-burst stimulation (TBS), and deep TMS in the treatment of BPD were reviewed.

Results:
Four clinical studies (2 randomized trials and 2 case studies) with limited sample sizes found that TMS and TBS were safe and potentially effective in the reduction of symptoms of BPD.

Conclusions:
Given the limited clinical evidence for efficacy on the basis of the results of these studies, future controlled studies involving larger samples and optimal stimulus parameters should be designed to confirm the short-term and long-term safety and efficacy of repetitive TMS and TBS in the treatment of BPD.