bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A platform for semi-automated voluntary training of common marmosets for behavioral neuroscience: Voluntary training of common marmosets
Authors: Walker Jeffrey D. , Pirschel Friederice , Gidmark Nicholas , MacLean Jason N. , Hatsopoulos Nicholas G. 
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACTIn most cases, behavioral neuroscience studies of the common marmoset employ adaptations of well-established methods used with macaque monkeys. However, in most cases these approaches do not readily generalize to marmosets indicating a need for alternatives. Here we present the development of one such alternate: a platform for semi-automated, voluntary in-home cage behavioral training that allows for the study of naturalistic behaviors. We describe the design and production of a modular behavioral training apparatus using CAD software and digital fabrication. We demonstrate that this apparatus permits voluntary behavioral training and data collection throughout the marmoset’s waking hours with little experimenter intervention. Further we demonstrate the use of this apparatus to reconstruct the kinematics of the marmoset’s upper limb movement during natural foraging behavior.NEW AND NOTEWORTHYThe study of marmosets in neuroscience has grown rapidly and this model organism presents challenges that are unique to this primate species. Here we address those challenges with an innovative platform for semi-automated and voluntary training of common marmosets. The platform allows marmosets to train throughout their waking hours with little to no experimenter intervention. We describe the use of this platform to capture the kinematics of the upper limb during natural foraging behavior and to expand the opportunities for behavioral training beyond the limits of traditional behavioral training sessions. The platform is flexible and can be easily extended to incorporate other motor tasks (e.g. visually cued reaching or manipulandum based tasks) using CAD models and digital fabrication.
Symbiotic properties of a chimeric Nod‐independent photosynthetic Bradyrhizobium strain obtained by conjugative transfer of a symbiotic plasmid
Authors: Songwattana Pongpan , Tittabutr Panlada , Wongdee Jenjira , Teamtisong Kamonluck , Wulandari Dyah , Teulet Albin , Fardoux Joel , Boonkerd Nantakorn , Giraud Eric , Teaumroong Neung 
Published: May 2019

SummaryThe lateral transfer of symbiotic genes converting a predisposed soil bacteria into a legume symbiont has occurred repeatedly and independently during the evolution of rhizobia. We experimented the transfer of a symbiotic plasmid between Bradyrhizobium strains. The originality of the DOA9 donor is that it harbours a symbiotic mega‐plasmid (pDOA9) containing nod, nif and T3SS genes while the ORS278 recipient has the unique property of inducing nodules on some Aeschynomene species in the absence of Nod factors (NFs). We observed that the chimeric strain ORS278‐pDOA9* lost its ability to develop a functional symbiosis with Aeschynomene. indica and Aeschynomene evenia. The mutation of rhcN and nodB led to partial restoration of nodule efficiency, indicating that T3SS effectors and NFs block the establishment of the NF‐independent symbiosis. Conversely, ORS278‐pDOA9* strain acquired the ability to form nodules on Crotalaria juncea and Macroptillium artropurpureum but not on NF‐dependent Aeschynomene (A. afraspera and A. americana), suggesting that the ORS278 strain also harbours incompatible factors that block the interaction with these species. These data indicate that the symbiotic properties of a chimeric rhizobia cannot be anticipated due to new combination of symbiotic and non‐symbiotic determinants that may interfere during the interaction with the host plant.
C‐reactive protein assessment to predict early septic complications after laparoscopic bowel resection for endometriosis: a diagnostic study
Authors: Scattarelli A , Carriou M , Boulet L , Chati R , Coget J , Bridoux V , Tuech J‐J , Roman H 
Published: May 2019

ObjectiveTo assess the predictive value of C‐reactive protein (CRP) level for early septic complications after laparoscopic bowel resection for endometriosis.DesignRetrospective study using data prospectively recorded in the CIRENDO database.SettingUniversity tertiary referral centre.PopulationThree hundred and three women managed by segmental resection or disc excision for colorectal endometriosis in 40 consecutive months.MethodsC‐reactive protein was routinely measured at postoperative days 4, 5, and 6. Bowel fistula, pelvic abscess, and pelvic infected haematoma were prospectively recorded.Main outcome measuresA receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was built to assess the best cut off CRP value to predict early septic complications.ResultsThe incidence of bowel fistula and pelvic abscess/infected hematoma were 2 and 7.9%, respectively. The CRP cut‐off value of 100 mg/l at postoperative day 4 predicts early septic pelvic complications (sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values of, respectively, 76, 83, 30.2, and 90.4%), and the area under the curve was 0.85 (95% CI 0.78–0.92).ConclusionPostoperative CRP monitoring is useful in the prediction of early septic pelvic complications following bowel endometriosis surgery, with possible impact on the management of postoperative outcomes and hospitalisation stay.Tweetable abstractLevels of CRP ≥100 mg/l at day 4 after bowel resection or excision for endometriosis are associated with early septic pelvic complications.
When Is the Averaging Effect Present in Auditor Judgments?
Authors: Lambert Tamara A. , Peytcheva Marietta 
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACTAuditing standards task auditors with collecting sufficient appropriate evidence to form audit judgments. Yet, cognitive psychology documents a robust finding in which people evaluate a bundle of relevant, directionally consistent evidence as though averaging the strength of the components. In consequence, a bundle of evidence may be viewed as weaker evidence than the bundle's strongest evidence item alone. We experimentally examine whether this averaging effect occurs in an audit context, and we test a potential moderator. In three independent mini‐cases, we ask auditor participants to make judgments about going concern, internal controls, and fraud risk. We present auditors with unfavorable audit evidence relevant to each judgment, manipulating whether we present a single strong evidence item or bundle it with a weaker evidence item. We also manipulate the auditor's initial impression of the client's state. We find that experienced auditors succumb to the averaging effect, making more strongly unfavorable judgments in response to the single evidence item than the bundle, and that this bias is reduced when the observed evidence is inconsistent with the auditor's initial impression. We interpret our results as consistent with the dual‐processing theory of cognition.
Market segmentation and supply‐chain predictability: evidence from China
Authors: Li Chenchen , Li Rui , Diao Xundi , Wu Chongfeng 
Published: May 2019

AbstractWe determine the industry‐level supply‐chain predictability in the Chinese stock market. Evidence is provided that a limited information model is gradually adaptive to the Chinese stock market in recent years, while several traditional measures of informed trading perform differently in the previous period. An innovative indicator of the mobile ratio volatility is also proposed here, which relates the increasing mobile trading behavior to this cross‐sectional predictability. Furthermore, we explain the asymmetry of customer and supplier momentum in this market.
How much does tax erode fund excess returns?
Authors: Chen Zhe , Gallagher David R. , Harman Graham , Warren Geoffrey J. , Xi Lihui 
Published: May 2019

AbstractWe model the tax drag from active fund management based on reported monthly holdings of active equity funds. Tax drag erodes 65 percent of the 0.74 percent excess return in Broad Market funds, but only 21 percent of the 1.80 percent excess return in Small‐Cap funds for Australian superannuation (pension) fund investors. Tax drag varies with investment style; market state, which is most detrimental during bull markets; and fund turnover. For high‐income individual investors, tax drag is exacerbated to the extent that active management only generates meaningful after‐tax excess return for Small‐Cap funds of certain styles.
Dog ownership at three months of age is associated with protection against food allergy
Authors: Marrs Tom , Logan Kirsty , Craven Joanna , Radulovic Suzana , McLean W.H.A. Irwin , Lack Gideon , Flohr Carsten , Perkin Michael R. ,   the EAT Study Team
Published: May 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe prevention of food allergy is a key priority for reducing the burden of allergic disease. Environmental exposures modulate the risk of developing food allergy and some of this may be mediated by the infants’ developing microbiome. However, the role of potentially protective environmental exposures, such as pet ownership, is largely uninvestigated with respect to food allergy.MethodsWe performed a secondary cohort analysis in the Enquiring About Tolerance (EAT) study, which enrolled 1303 three‐month infants onto a randomized trial to prevent food allergy. A survey elicited domestic animal ownership and participants were examined for atopic dermatitis (AD) at enrolment. Sensitization to foods and aeroallergens were elicited by skin and serum testing at 3, 12 and 36 months. Food allergy status was determined by double‐blind placebo‐controlled food challenges between 1 and 3 years.ResultsFood allergy was diagnosed amongst 6.1% (68/1124) of participants with complete data. No significant relationships were demonstrated between food allergy and caesarean delivery, infections or antibiotic exposure in early life. After adjusting for familial atopic disease, maternal dog/cat sensitization and participant AD, living with dogs was associated with a 90% reduction in the odds of infants developing food allergy (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 0.10 (confidence interval (CI) 0.01‐0.71), P = 0.02). None of the 49 infants living with at least two dogs developed food allergy, suggesting a dose‐response relationship (each dog owned aOR 0.12 (CI 0.02‐0.81), P = 0.03). No relationship was demonstrated between owning dogs or cats and the development of AD.ConclusionDog ownership in infancy may prevent food allergy.
Mindful Emotion Regulation, Savouring and Proactive Behaviour: The Role of Supervisor Justice
Authors: Molina Agustin , O'Shea Deirdre 
Published: May 2019

The global financial crisis and recession‐prompted budget cuts represent significant challenges to public sector organisations, limiting their ability to make changes to job design and increasing job demands. In such environments, primary interventions targeted at changing the job or the work are not always viable. In this research, we examine the effectiveness of a mindful emotion regulation (MER) intervention versus a “control” savouring nature (SN) intervention in terms of facilitating the investment of work engagement into proactive behaviours. We also examine how the job resource of supervisor justice impacts these relationships. We collected data from an Irish public sector organisation using a cluster randomised controlled trial design. The final sample comprised 108 participants (MER = 74; SN = 34). Results highlight the valuable role that job resources play as boundary conditions of psychological‐based interventions since the success of MER and SN depended on the participants’ perceptions of supervisor justice. When supervisor justice was high, a restorative SN exercise was effective in promoting proactive behaviours. When supervisor justice was low, a more complex cognitive and emotional exercise in the form of MER was required. We explain these results and consider their implications for future research.
Randomized study of individualized pharmacokinetically‐guided dosing of paclitaxel compared with body‐surface area dosing in Chinese patients with advanced non‐small cell lung cancer
Authors: Zhang Jie , Zhou Fei , Qi Huiwei , Ni Huijuan , Hu Qiong , Zhou Caicun , Li Yunying , Baburina Irina , Courtney Jodi , Salamone Salvatore J. 
Published: May 2019

AimsThis prospective, randomized study was initiated to assess the impact of pharmacokinetically (PK)‐guided paclitaxel (PTX) dosing on toxicity and efficacy compared with body‐surface area (BSA)‐based dosing in Chinese non‐small cell lung cancer patients.MethodsA total of 319 stage IIIB/IV non‐small cell lung cancer patients receiving first‐line chemotherapy were enrolled. Patients were randomized to receive 3‐weekly carboplatin plus PTX at a starting dose of 175 mg/m2 with subsequent PTX dosing based on either BSA or PK‐guided dosing targeting time above a PTX plasma concentration of 0.05 μmol/L (PTXTc > 0.05) between 26 and 31 hours. The primary safety endpoint was grade 4 haematological toxicity. The secondary endpoints were neuropathy, objective response rate, progression‐free survival and overall survival.ResultsIn total, 275 (86%) patients completed ≥2 cycles of chemotherapy (140 in BSA arm and 135 in PK arm). In cycle 1, with the same PTX dose, average PTXTc > 0.05 was 37 hours (range = 18–57 hours). Over cycles 2–4, patients in the PK arm had significantly lower average PTX doses and exposure compared with the BSA arm (128 vs 161 mg/m2, P < .0001 and 29 vs 35 hours, P < .0001). PK‐guided dosing significantly reduced the cumulative incidence of grade 4 haematological toxicity (15% vs 24%, P = .004), grade 4 neutropenia (15% vs 23%, P = .009) and grade ≥ 2 neuropathy (8% vs 21%, P = .005). Objective response rate (32% vs 26%, P = .28) and overall survival (21.0 vs 24.0 months, P = .815) were similar in PK and BSA arms. Progression‐free survival was slightly improved in PK arm (4.67 vs 4.17 months, P = .026).ConclusionPK‐guided PTX dosing significantly reduced grade 4 haematological toxicities and grade ≥ 2 neuropathy without an adverse impact on clinical outcomes.
Empathy and defending behaviours in school bullying: The mediating role of motivation to defend victims
Authors: Longobardi Claudio , Borello Laura , Thornberg Robert , Settanni Michele 
Published: May 2019

BackgroundThe literature indicates that separate significant links exist in adolescence between empathy, cognitive and affective motivation to defend victims, and behavioural problems in bullying episode in schools.AimsThe aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between empathy, motivation to defend, and defending behaviour in bullying situations. The hypothesis focuses on the possible role of autonomous motivation in the association between empathy and defending attitudes.Samples and methodsData were collected from 430 Italian adolescents (48.4% male, 51.6% female) who completed a questionnaire in their schools. The mean age of the participants was 13.1 years (SD = 2.1).ResultsResults showed that empathy significantly predicts defending behaviour and also has a significant effect on extrinsic, introjected, and intrinsic motivation to defend. Autonomous motivation, in turn, has a mediating role in the relationship between empathy and defending behaviour.ConclusionsOur study suggests the importance of focusing on empathy and on developing autonomous motivation to defend in children, to raise spontaneous defending attitudes against bullying.
Management of advanced prostate cancer in a middle‐income country: real‐world consideration of the Advanced Prostate Cancer Consensus Conference 2017
Authors: Saad Marniza , Alip Adlinda , Lim Jasmine , Abdullah Matin Mellor , Chong Flora Li Tze , Chua Chong Beng , Ismail Fuad , Khong Rachael Kit‐Tsan , Lim Chun Sen , Loh Chit Sin , Malek Rohan , Mohd Ghani Khairul Asri , Md Noor Ibtisam , Md Yusoff Noor Ashani , Nasuha Noor Azam , Razack Azad , Soo Hoo Hwoei Fen , Sundram Murali , Tan Hui Meng , Thiagarajan Muthukkumaran , Teh Guan Chou , Voon Pei Jye , Ong Teng Aik 
Published: May 2019

ObjectiveTo examine the results of the Malaysian Advanced Prostate Cancer Consensus Conference (MyAPCCC) 2018, held for assessing the generalizability of consensus reached at the Advanced Prostate Cancer Consensus Conference (APCCC 2017) to Malaysia, a middle‐income country.MethodsSix key sections were chosen: (1) high‐risk localized and locally advanced prostate cancer, (2) oligometastatic prostate cancer, (3) castration‐naïve prostate cancer, (4) castrate resistant prostate cancer, (5) use of osteoclast‐targeted therapy and (6) global access to prostate cancer drugs. There were 101 consensus questions, consisting of 91 questions from APCCC 2017 and 10 new questions from MyAPCCC 2018, selected and modified by the steering committee; of which, 23 questions were assessed in both ideal world and real‐world settings. A panel of 22 experts, comprising of 11 urologists and 11 oncologists, voted on 101 predefined questions anonymously. Final voting results were compared with the APCCC 2017 outcomes.ResultsMost voting results from the MyAPCCC 2018 were consistent with the APCCC 2017 outcomes. No consensus was achieved for controversial topics with little level I evidence, such as management of oligometastatic disease. No consensus was reached on using high‐cost drugs in castration‐naïve or castration‐resistant metastatic prostate cancer in real‐world settings. All panellists recommended using generic drugs when available.ConclusionsThe MyAPCCC 2018 voting results reflect the management of advanced prostate cancer in a middle‐income country in a real‐world setting. These results may serve as a guide for local clinical practices and highlight the financial challenges in modern healthcare.
Targeted deep sequencing of urothelial bladder cancers and associated urinary DNA: a 23‐gene panel with utility for non‐invasive diagnosis and risk stratification
Authors: Ward Douglas G. , Gordon Naheema S. , Boucher Rebecca H. , Pirrie Sarah J. , Baxter Laura , Ott Sascha , Silcock Lee , Whalley Celina M. , Stockton Joanne D. , Beggs Andrew D. , Griffiths Mike , Abbotts Ben , Ijakipour Hanieh , Latheef Fathimath N. , Robinson Robert A. , White Andrew J. , James Nicholas D. , Zeegers Maurice P. , Cheng K. K. , Bryan Richard T. 
Published: May 2019

ObjectivesTo develop a focused panel of somatic mutations (SMs) present in the majority of urothelial bladder cancers (UBCs), to investigate the diagnostic and prognostic utility of this panel, and to compare the identification of SMs in urinary cell‐pellet (cp)DNA and cell‐free (cf)DNA as part of the development of a non‐invasive clinical assay.Patients and MethodsA panel of SMs was validated by targeted deep‐sequencing of tumour DNA from 956 patients with UBC. In addition, amplicon and capture‐based targeted sequencing measured mutant allele frequencies (MAFs) of SMs in 314 urine cpDNAs and 153 urine cfDNAs. The association of SMs with grade, stage, and clinical outcomes was investigated by univariate and multivariate Cox models. Concordance between SMs detected in tumour tissue and cpDNA and cfDNA was assessed.ResultsThe panel comprised SMs in 23 genes: TERT (promoter), FGFR3, PIK3CA, TP53, ERCC2, RHOB, ERBB2, HRAS, RXRA, ELF3, CDKN1A, KRAS, KDM6A, AKT1, FBXW7, ERBB3, SF3B1, CTNNB1, BRAF, C3orf70, CREBBP, CDKN2A, and NRAS; 93.5–98.3% of UBCs of all grades and stages harboured ≥1 SM (mean: 2.5 SMs/tumour). RAS mutations were associated with better overall survival (P = 0.04). Mutations in RXRA, RHOB and TERT (promoter) were associated with shorter time to recurrence (P < 0.05). MAFs in urinary cfDNA and cpDNA were highly correlated; using a capture‐based approach, >94% of tumour SMs were detected in both cpDNA and cfDNA.ConclusionsSMs are reliably detected in urinary cpDNA and cfDNA. The technical capability to identify very low MAFs is essential to reliably detect UBC, regardless of the use of cpDNA or cfDNA. This 23‐gene panel shows promise for the non‐invasive diagnosis and risk stratification of UBC.
Strain‐selective efficacy of sacubitril/valsartan on carotid fibrosis in response to injury in two inbred mouse strains
Authors: Korshunov Vyacheslav A. , Quinn Breandan , Faiyaz Abrar , Ahmed Rifat , Sowden Mark P. , Doyley Marvin M. , Berk Bradford C. 
Published: May 2019

Background and PurposeSacubitril/valsartan (Sac/val) is more effective than valsartan in lowering BP and mortality in patients with heart failure. Here, we proposed that Sac/val treatment would be more effective in preventing pathological vascular remodelling in 129X1/SvJ (129X1), than in C57BL/6J (B6) inbred mice.Experimental ApproachSac/val (60 mg·kg−1·day−1) and valsartan (27 mg·kg−1·day−1) were given as prophylactic or therapeutic treatments, to 129X1 or B6 mice with carotid artery ligation for 14 days. Blood flow was measured by ultrasound. Ex vivo, carotid tissue was analysed with histological and morphometric techniques, together with RNA sequencing and gene ontology.Key ResultsSac/val was more effective than valsartan in lowering BP in 129X1 compared with B6 mice. Liver expression of CYP2C9 and plasma cGMP levels were similar across treatments. A reduction in carotid thickening after prophylactic treatment with valsartan or Sac/val also resulted in significant arterial shrinkage in B6 mice. In 129X1 mice, Sac/val and prophylactic treatment with valsartan had no effect on carotid thickening but preserved carotid size. BP lowering significantly correlated with a decline in carotid stiffness (R2 = .37, P = .0096) in 129X1 but not in B6 mice. The gene expression signature associated with hyalurononglucosaminidase activity was down‐regulated in injured arteries after both regimens of Sac/val only in 129X1 mice. Administration of Sac/val but not valsartan significantly reduced deposition of hyaluronic acid and carotid fibrosis in 129X1 mice.Conclusion and ImplicationsThese results underscore the importance of the genetic background in the efficacy of the Sac/val on vascular fibrosis.
Human papillomavirus infection in solid organ transplant recipients: Guidelines from the American Society of Transplantation Infectious Diseases Community of Practice
Authors: Chin‐Hong Peter V. , Reid Gail E. ,   the AST Infectious Diseases Community of Practice
Published: May 2019

AbstractThese guidelines from the American Society of Transplantation Infectious Diseases Community of Practice update the epidemiology and management of human papillomavirus (HPV) infections in organ transplant recipients. HPV is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections and is associated with cancers of the anogenital region. Increasing evidence suggests an association with head and neck cancers as well. Solid organ transplant recipients have a higher risk of HPV infection than the general population. Infection manifests as premalignant lesions, warts, or cancer of the cervix, penis, vulva, scrotum, and anal canal. Most are asymptomatic initially, so diagnosis can be difficult without screening. A vaccine is available though not effective in preventing all cancer‐causing strains. Organ transplant recipients should be screened for HPV‐associated cancers and appropriate therapy initiated in a timely manner. Further studies are warranted to delineate the most effective screening methods and therapeutic modalities, including whether changes in immunosuppression are effective in attenuating disease.