bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Developing scalable cultivation systems of hepatic spheroids for drug metabolism via genomic and functional analyses
Authors: Ahn Jiwon , Lee Ho‐Joon , Oh Soo Jin , Kim Wantae , Mun Seon Ju , Lee Jae‐Hye , Jung Cho‐Rock , Cho Hyun‐Soo , Kim Dae‐Soo , Son Myung Jin , Chung Kyung‐Sook 
Published: February 2019

AbstractSpheroids, a widely used three‐dimensional (3D) culture model, are standard in hepatocyte culture as they preserve long‐term hepatocyte functionality and enhance survivability. In this study, we investigated the effects of three operation modes in 3D culture — static, orbital shaking, and under vertical bidirectional flow using spheroid forming units (SFUs) on hepatic differentiation and drug metabolism to propose the best for mass production of functionally enhanced spheroids. Spheroids in SFUs exhibited increased hepatic gene expression, albumin secretion, and cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) activity during the differentiation period (12 days). SFUs advantages include facilitated mass production and a relatively earlier peak of CYP3A4 activity. However, CYP3A4 activity was not well maintained under dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)‐free conditions (13–18 days), dramatically reducing drug metabolism capability. Continued shear stimulation without differentiation stimuli in assay conditions markedly attenuated CYP3A4 activity, which was less severe in static conditions. In this condition, SFU spheroids exhibited dedifferentiation characteristics, such as increased proliferation and Notch signaling genes. We found that the dedifferentiation could be overcome by using the serum‐free medium formulation. Therefore, we suggest that SFUs represent the best option for the mass production of functionally improved spheroids and so the serum‐free conditions should be maintained during drug metabolism analysis.
Paravalvular leak repair after balloon‐expandable transcatheter mitral valve implantation in mitral annular calcification: Early experience and lessons learned
Authors: Al‐Hijji Mohammed A. , El Sabbagh Abdallah , Guerrero Mayra E. , Rihal Charanjit S. , Eleid Mackram F. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractBackgroundTreatment of hemodynamically significant mitral annular calcification (MAC) using transcatheter approaches is in the early learning phase. The occurrence of paravalvular leak (PVL) following transcatheter mitral valve in MAC is common.AimsTo report the initial experience and techniques of percutaneous PVL closure after transcatheter valve in MAC.MethodsThis series includes five consecutive patients who underwent percutaneous PVL closure following transcatheter balloon expandable SAPIEN S3 valve in MAC.ResultsMean patient age was 73.6 ± 5.4 years (4 [80%] female), with average Society of Thoracic Surgeons score of 8.1 ± 2.8%. Three patients had a single PVL defect while two patients had two defects; all were located at the commissural sites. Closure was performed primarily for heart failure in four patients and hemolytic anemia in one patient. Transfemoral transseptal antegrade approach and Amplatz Vascular Plug (AVP)‐II occluders were utilized in all patients. Procedure success was achieved in three patients. One patient developed significant occluder related leaflet impingement and subsequent severe prosthetic mitral regurgitation requiring a second transcatheter mitral valve in valve implantation. The procedure was aborted in one patient due to difficulty crossing PVL defect after balloon post‐dilatation of SAPIEN prosthesis with 10 mL of additional volume. There was no in hospital or 30 day mortality or the need for emergent surgery.ConclusionEarly experience with percutaneous PVL closure of SAPIEN valve in MAC demonstrated feasibility of this approach. Careful procedure planning and monitoring for SAPIEN prosthesis leaflet impingement and frame instability is of utmost importance to increase the chances of procedural success.
Stent‐retriever thrombectomy in the treatment of infants with acute thrombosis of the superior vena cava and innominate vein
Authors: Hanser Anja , Sieverding Ludger , Hauser Till‐Karsten , Wiegand Gesa , Hofbeck Michael 
Published: February 2019

AbstractObjectivesTo describe the efficacy and safety of stent‐retriever thrombectomy in infants with thrombosis of the superior vena cava (SVC) and innominate vein.BackgroundThrombosis of the SVC and of the innominate vein is a potentially life threatening complication in infants during intensive care treatment following major surgical procedures. To avoid reoperations, we evaluated interventional revascularization by stent‐retriever thrombectomy.MethodsFrom 2015 to 2017, five infants were diagnosed with acute thrombosis of the SVC and innominate vein following major cardiac or pediatric surgery. Using a femoral venous access and 4 or 5 French guiding catheters stent‐retriever systems (4/20 mm or 6/30 mm) were placed into the thrombus and retrieved under suction. We aimed to revascularize not only the SVC but also the innominate, jugular, and subclavian veins.ResultsFollowing repeated stent retrieving manoeuvers, we were able to reestablish flow in the major veins of all patients. Due to significant residual thrombotic material, we decided to perform additional balloon dilatation of the SVC and innominate vein in 3/5 patients. There were no complications related to the procedure and none of our patients required blood transfusion. Following the intervention, the patients received treatment with low‐molecular‐weight heparin. Interventional treatment achieved persistent patency of the SVC and innominate vein in all patients.ConclusionStent‐retriever thrombectomy is a safe and effective method for interventional treatment of acute thrombosis of the central veins in infants. Due to the large amount of thrombotic material, it is frequently required to combine this method with balloon compression of residual thrombotic material.
High Areal Capacity Na0.67CoO2 Bundle Array Cathode Tailored for High‐Performance Sodium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Gao Lin , Chen Si , Zhang Lulu , Yang Xueling 
Published: February 2019

AbstractSodium‐ion batteries are enjoying increasing attention as the most optimal alternative to lithium‐ion batteries, due to their advantage of cost‐effectiveness. As a typical cathode material for SIBs, layered NaxCoO2 was introduced, demonstrating a satisfactory ion diffusion efficiency. Nevertheless, the mass loading of cathode materials in most of the literature is between 0.5 and 2.0 mg cm−2. In this regard, we introduce a facile “sodiation and calcination” method, to directly build self‐supported Na0.67CoO2 bundle arrays on three‐dimensional conductive Ni foam. By this fabrication pathway, the mass loading of NaxCoO2 on Ni substrate can reach values as high as ∼10 mg cm−2. A high areal capacity of 1.66 mAh cm−2 can be achieved based on a current rate of 0.33 C with a voltage window of 2.0–3.8 V (vs Na/Na+). Intriguingly, this high mass loading Na0.67CoO2 cathode also performs with a satisfactory cyclic stability over 100 cycles at a current rate of 1.4 C, with a discharge capacity of 123.6 mAh g−1 remaining without obvious capacity fading.
Fabrication of Cobaltosic Oxide Nanoparticle‐Doped 3 D MXene/Graphene Hybrid Porous Aerogels for All‐Solid‐State Supercapacitors
Authors: Liu Rui , Zhang Aitang , Tang Jianguo , Tian Jinmi , Huang Weiguo , Cai Jintao , Barrow Colin , Yang Wenrong , Liu Jingquan 
Published: February 2019

AbstractMXenes are a new family of 2 D transition metal carbides and nitrides, which have attracted enormous attention in electrochemical energy storage, sensing technology, and catalysis owing to their good conductivity, high specific surface area, and excellent electrochemical properties. In this work, a series of Co3O4‐doped 3 D MXene/RGO hybrid porous aerogels is designed and prepared through a facile in situ reduction and thermal annealing process, in which the reduced graphene oxide (RGO) conductive network can electrically link the separated Co3O4‐MXene composite nanosheets, leading to enhanced electronic conductivity. It is found that upon using the Co3O4‐MXene/RGO hybrid porous aerogel prepared with a mass ratio of Co3O4‐MXene/RGO of 3:1 (CMR31) as an electrode for a supercapacitor, a superior specific capacitance of 345 F g−1 at the current density of 1 A g−1 is achieved, which is significantly higher than those of Ti3C2Tx MXene, RGO, and MXene/RGO electrodes. In addition, a high capacitance retention (85 % of the initial capacitance after 10 000 cycles at a high current density of 3 A g−1) and a low internal resistance Rs (0.44 Ω) can be achieved. An all‐solid‐state asymmetric supercapacitor (ASC) device is assembled using CMR31, and it has the ability to light up a blue LED indicator for 5 min if four ASCs are connected in series. Therefore, these novel Co3O4‐MXene/RGO hybrid porous aerogels have potential practical applications in high‐energy storage devices.
Concentric ring topology of mammalian cortical sectors and relevance for patterning studies
Authors: Puelles Luis , Alonso Antonia , García‐Calero Elena , Martínez‐de‐la‐Torre Margaret 
Published: February 2019

AbstractModels aiming to explain causally the evolutionary or ontogenetic emergence of the pallial isocortex and its regional/areal heterogeneity in mammals use simple or complex assumptions about the pallial structure present in basal mammals and nonmammals. The question arises: how complex is the pattern that needs to be accounted for in causal models? This topic is also paramount for comparative purposes, since some topological relationships may be explained as being ancestral, rather than newly emerged. The mouse pallium is apt to be reexamined in this context, due to the breadth of available molecular markers and correlative experimental patterning results. We center the present essay on a recapitulative glance at the classic theory of concentric mammalian allo‐, meso‐, and neocortex domains. In its simplest terms, this theory postulates a central neocortical island (6 layers) separated by a surrounding mesocortical ring (4–5 layers) from a peripheral allocortical ring (3 layers). These territories show additional partition into regional or areal subdivisions. There are also borderline amygdalar, claustral, and septal areas of the pallium, nuclear in structure. There has been little effort so far to contemplate the full concentric ring model in current “cortex patterning” models. In this essay, we recapitulate the ring idea in mammals (mouse) and consider a potential causal patterning scenario using topologic models. Finally, we briefly explore how far this theory may apply to pallium models proposed recently for sauropsids.
Divergent projections of single pontocerebellar axons to multiple cerebellar lobules in the mouse
Authors: Biswas Mohammad Shahangir , Luo Yuanjun , Sarpong Gideon Anokye , Sugihara Izumi 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe basilar pontine nucleus (PN) is the key relay point for the cerebrocerebellar link. However, the projection pattern of pontocerebellar mossy fiber axons, which is essential in determining the functional organization of the cerebellar cortex, has not been fully clarified. We reconstructed the entire trajectory of 25 single pontocerebellar mossy fiber axons labeled by localized injection of biotinylated dextran amine into various locations in the PN and mapped all their terminals in an unfolded scheme of the cerebellum in 10 mice. The majority of axons (20/25 axons) entered the cerebellum through the middle cerebellar peduncle contralateral to the origin, while others entered through the ipsilateral pathway. A small number of axons (1/25 axons) had collaterals terminating in the cerebellar nuclei. Axons projected mostly to a combination of lobules, often bilaterally, and terminated in multiple zebrin (aldolase C) stripes, more frequently in zebrin‐positive stripes (83.9%) than in zebrin‐negative stripes, with 66.5 mossy fiber terminals on the average. Axons originating from the rostral (plus medial and lateral), central and caudal PN mainly terminated in the paraflocculus, crus I and lobule VIb–c, in the simplex lobule, crus II and paramedian lobule, and in lobules II–VIa, VIII and copula pyramidis, respectively. The results suggest that the interlobular branching pattern of pontocerebellar axons determines the group of cerebellar lobules that are involved in a related functional localization of the cerebellum. In the hemisphere, crus I may be functionally distinct from neighboring lobules (simple lobule and crus II) in the mouse cerebellum based on the pontocerebellar axonal projection pattern.
The benefits of non‐surgical weight management on weight and glycaemic control in people with complex type 2 diabetes: A primary care service evaluation of clinical outcomes at 12 months
Authors: Avery Amanda , Griffin Jill , Stokes Julie , Coulton Rosie , Pallister Carolyn , Lavin Jacquie 
Published: February 2019

SummaryOptimizing diabetes management in patients with complex type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and obesity presents challenges. This study evaluates weight and HbA1c at 12 months (primary outcomes) and blood pressure, lipids, medication and lifestyle changes (secondary outcomes) in patients referred by a diabetes specialist (DSN) to the weight management intervention (Slimming World). Patients attended up to 12 or 24 funded weekly group sessions. The DSN recorded baseline and 12‐month primary and secondary outcome data. A post‐intervention questionnaire explored the lifestyle changes made. 69 patients achieved a mean weight loss of 5.5 (5.16) %, reduction in BMI [37.7(6.11) to 35.9 (6.30) kg/m2, P < 0.001] and HbA1c levels [62.8 (12.85) to 55.0 (13.02) mmol/mol, P < 0.001] at 12 months. 81.2% reduced their HbA1c levels. Small reductions were observed in SBP, DBP and triglycerides, and six patients reduced their diabetes medications. Twenty patients completed the questionnaire: unhealthy snacking reduced (P < 0.001) and going for walks increased (P < 0.001) with fewer people avoiding moderate activity (P < 0.05). Despite being a chronic, progressive condition, referral to a community‐based programme was successful in supporting patients with established T2DM improve their diet and activity levels, lose weight and improve their glycaemic control 12 months later with a small number able to reduce their medication.
Aquaculture Contributes a Higher Proportion to Children's Daily Intake of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Than to That of Adults in Eastern China
Authors: Li Juan-Ying , He Qing , Li Jiale , Chen Yiqin , Yin Jie , Jin Ling , Wang Qian 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Asia, especially China, shares a large proportion of global aquaculture production. Consequently, aquaculture food quality and safety with regard to contamination with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were assessed in eastern China, which is a typical area of aquaculture. The concentrations of ∑PAHs ranged from 42 to 600 ng/g dry weight in a variety of dietary species from farm ponds in eastern China. With regard to the total daily intake of PAHs estimated based on the literature data on urinary hydroxy-PAHs in this region, there was a significant difference between children (mean = 130 ng/kg/d) and adults (mean = 600 ng/kg/d for pregnant women, 1700 ng/kg/d for women, and 2300 ng/kg/d for men). Furthermore, we provided a novel estimation on the fractional contribution of aquatic products to the overall human daily intake of PAHs. Specifically, the contribution of aquatic foodstuffs to total daily intake for children and pregnant women reached more than 50 and 10%, respectively, indicating that children and pregnant women were more vulnerable to the PAH-contaminated aquaculture foodstuffs. Meanwhile, no significant region-specific pattern between different provinces was observed. In summary, these results suggested that sensitive subpopulations were vulnerable to exposure to PAH-contaminated aquatic products, and it is necessary to pay attention to the dietary intake pattern of these sensitive subgroups in eastern China. Environ Toxicol Chem 2019;00:1–9. © 2019 SETAC
Abstract
EDI = estimated daily intake.
Outcomes and cost implications of microvascular reconstructions of the head and neck
Authors: Sweeny Larissa , Rosenthal Eben L. , Light Tyler , Grayson Jessica , Petrisor Daniel , Troob Scott H. , Greene Benjamin J. , Carroll William R. , Wax Mark K. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractBackgroundCritical review of current head and neck reconstructive practices as related to free flap donor sites and their impact on clinical outcomes and cost.MethodsRetrospective multicenter review of free tissue transfer reconstruction of head and neck defects (n = 1315). Variables reviewed: defect, indication, T classification, operative duration, and complications. A convenience sample was selected for analysis of overall (operative and inpatient admission) charges per hospitalization (n = 400).ResultsMean charges of hospitalization by donor tissue: radial forearm free flap (RFFF) $127 636 (n = 183), osteocutaneous RFFF (OCRFFF) $125 456 (n = 70), anterior lateral thigh $133 781 (n = 54), fibula $140 747 (n = 42), latissimus $208 890 (n = 24), rectus $169 637 (n = 18), scapula $128 712 (n = 4), and ulna $110 716 (n = 5; P = .16). Mean operative times for malignant lesions stratified by T classification: 6.9 hours (±25 minutes) for T1, 7.0 hours (±16 minutes) for T2, 7.3 hours (±17 minutes) for T3, and 7.8 hours (±11 minutes) for T4 (P < .0001). Complications correlated with differences in mean charges: minor surgical ($123 720), medical ($216 387), and major surgical ($169 821; P < .001). Operations for advanced malignant lesions had higher mean charges: T1 lesions ($106 506) compared to T2/T3 lesions ($133 080; P = .03) and T4 lesions ($142 183; P = .02). On multivariate analysis, the length of stay, operative duration, and type a postoperative complication were factors affecting overall charges for the hospitalization (P < .018).ConclusionConclusion: The RFFF and OCRFFF had the lowest complication rates, length of hospitalization, duration of operation, and mean charges of hospitalization. Advanced stage malignant disease correlated with increased hospitalization length, operative time, and complication rates resulting in higher hospitalization charges.
The role of age in treatment‐related adverse events in patients with head and neck cancer: A systematic review
Authors: Coca‐Pelaz Andrés , Halmos Gyorgy B. , Strojan Primož , de Bree Remco , Bossi Paolo , Bradford Carol R. , Rinaldo Alessandra , Vander Poorten Vincent , Sanabria Alvaro , Takes Robert P. , Ferlito Alfio 
Published: February 2019

AbstractHead and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is often diagnosed in advanced stage and therefore requires aggressive, multimodal treatment. Elderly patients are often excluded from standard therapy regimens purely based on age. This clinical review aims to collect all published data in the literature on treatment modality selection in elderly patients and on age‐related adverse events following treatment of HNSCC. We performed a literature search for articles on the treatment of HNSCC in elderly patients. Most of the articles were retrospective studies with the consequent limitations. It can be concluded that age is not an absolute contraindication for intensive treatment and comorbidity is an important predictor of outcome, but not the only one. Despite the existence of multiple tools for pretreatment evaluation, there are not consistent data on their use.
Postoperative radiation performed at the same surgical facility associated with improved overall survival in oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Amini Arya , Stokes William A. , Jones Bernard L. , Sampath Sagus , Kang Robert S. , Gernon Thomas J. , Maghami Ellie G. , Massarelli Erminia , Bradley Cathy J. , Karam Sana D. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe purpose of this analysis is to evaluate whether postoperative radiotherapy (PORT) at the same facility as surgery portends to better survival outcomes compared to PORT given at a different facility.MethodsPatients underwent upfront surgery at the National Cancer Database reporting facility followed by PORT. PORT was coded as performed at either the same facility or at a different facility as surgery.ResultsA total of 10 832 patients were selected. Five‐year overall survival (OS) was higher in patients undergoing PORT at the same facility: 52.5% vs 48.4% (P < 0.001). PORT performed at the same facility was associated with improved OS under multivariate (HR, 0.92; P = 0.01) and propensity score matched (hazard ratio, 0.90; P = 0.004) analyses.ConclusionsOS was better among patients with head and neck cancer who received PORT at the same facility as surgery.
Dynamic changes in chemosensitivity immune predictors in patients with hypopharyngeal cancer treated with induction chemotherapy
Authors: Sun Wei , Chen Lin , Huang Jin‐Qiang , Li Jian , Zhu Xiao‐Lin , Wen Yi‐Hui , Wen Wei‐Ping 
Published: February 2019

AbstractBackgroundThere are currently no data predicting chemosensitivity of induction chemotherapy (ICT) for hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas (SCC).MethodsAssociations between immune cells and overall response (OR) to ICT and changes in immune cells during ICT were observed in 40 patients with hypopharyngeal SCC undergoing ICT.ResultsCD4+ and CD8+ T‐cell and regulatory T‐cell (Treg) frequencies reached diagnostic accuracy for OR to ICT. OR rate was significantly higher in CD4+‐high T cell, CD8+‐high T cell, and low Treg groups. A transient reduction in Tregs and increases in Tregs in the non‐OR and OR groups were observed during the course of ICT. Conversely, increases in CD8+ T cells and reductions in CD8+ T cells in the non‐OR and OR groups were observed.ConclusionHigh CD4+ T‐cell, high CD8+ T‐cell, and low Treg frequencies can be predictors for high efficacy of ICT in patients with hypopharyngeal SCC.
Differential expression of estrogen receptor–α on follicular dendritic cells from patients with grade 1‐2 and grade 3 follicular lymphoma
Authors: Ohe Rintaro , Meng Hong‐Xue , Ye Aung Naing , Yamada Akane , Kabasawa Takanobu , Utsunomiya Aya , Tamazawa Nobuyuki , Tamura Yuka , Kitaoka Takumi , Hashimoto Toshio , Shibata Kenichi , Toubai Tomomi , Kimura Wataru , Ishizawa Kenichi , Yamakawa Mitsunori 
Published: February 2019

AbstractHormone therapy has been used for patients with estrogen receptor alpha (ERα)–positive breast cancers. Recently, some studies reported the expression of ERα on neoplastic cells from B‐cell lymphomas. However, there has been only one report of ERα expression on the follicular dendritic cells (FDCs) that structurally and functionally support the microenvironment of follicular lymphomas (FLs). The objective of this study was to investigate the frequency of ERα expression on FDCs in nonneoplastic reactive lymphoid tissues and to compare the frequency of ERα expression on FDCs in the axillary lymph nodes between patients with and without antiestrogen therapy and among patients with grades 1‐3 of FL. Reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction was performed to detect ERα mRNA in FL. In nonneoplastic germinal centers (GCs) from patients with tonsillitis or reactive lymphadenitis, ERα was expressed in the light zone. ERα‐positive cells strongly correlated with the width of GCs (rs = 0.81, P < 0.01) and the CD21‐positive (rs = 0.69, P < 0.01) and CD23‐positive (rs = 0.83, P < 0.01) FDC meshwork. The axillary lymph nodes had fewer ERα‐positive cells, smaller GCs, and a looser CD21‐ and CD23‐positive FDC meshwork with hormone therapy than without hormone therapy (P < 0.01). Neoplastic follicles of G1‐2 FL had more ERα‐positive cells and a larger CD23+ FDC meshwork than those of G3 FL (P < 0.01). ERα mRNA was detected in both G1‐2 FL and G3 FL by reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction. In conclusion, these results suggested that antiestrogen hormone therapy may decrease the number of ERα‐positive FDCs and that the responses mediated by the estrogen‐ERα interaction on FDCs may differ between G1‐2 FL and G3 FL.