bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ethnographies of parliament: culture and uncertainty in shallow democracies
Authors: Crewe Emma 
Published: March 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to consider the challenges, advantages and limits of ethnographical approaches to the study of parliament. Challenges in the study of political institutions emerge because they can be fast-changing, difficult to gain access to, have starkly contrasting public and private faces and, in the case of national parliaments, are intimately connected to rest of the nation.Design/methodology/approachEthnography usually tends to be difficult to plan in advance, but especially so when parliament is the focus.FindingsResearch in parliament requires clear questions but an emergent approach for answering them – working out your assumptions, deciding on the most appropriate methods depending on what wish to find out, and continually reviewing progress. Its great strengths are flexibility, ability to encompass wider historical and cultural practices into the study, getting under the surface and achieving philosophical rigour. Rigour is partly achieved through reflexivity.Research limitations/implicationsOne implication of this is that not only will each study of parliament be different, because each is embedded in different histories, cultures, and politics, but the study of the same parliament will contain variations if a team is involved.Originality/valueEthnographical research is a social and political process of relating; interpreting texts, events and conversations; and representing the “other” as seen by observers.
Recommender systems
Authors: Alyari Fatemeh , Jafari Navimipour Nima 
Published: March 2018

Purpose
This paper aims to identify, evaluate and integrate the findings of all relevant and high-quality individual studies addressing one or more research questions about recommender systems and performing a comprehensive study of empirical research on recommender systems that have been divided into five main categories. To achieve this aim, the authors use systematic literature review (SLR) as a powerful method to collect and critically analyze the research papers. Also, the authors discuss the selected recommender systems and its main techniques, as well as their benefits and drawbacks in general.

Design/methodology/approach
In this paper, the SLR method is utilized with the aim of identifying, evaluating and integrating the findings of all relevant and high-quality individual studies addressing one or more research questions about recommender systems and performing a comprehensive study of empirical research on recommender systems that have been divided into five main categories. Also, the authors discussed recommender system and its techniques in general without a specific domain.

Findings
The major developments in categories of recommender systems are reviewed, and new challenges are outlined. Furthermore, insights on the identification of open issues and guidelines for future research are provided. Also, this paper presents the systematical analysis of the recommender system literature from 2005. The authors identified 536 papers, which were reduced to 51 primary studies through the paper selection process.

Originality/value
This survey will directly support academics and practical professionals in their understanding of developments in recommender systems and its techniques.
Implementing quality improvement through knowledge brokering: a Dutch case study
Authors: Quartz-Topp Julia 
Published: March 2018

Purpose
Managerial quality improvement (QI) in terms of accountability management has become central to healthcare institutions. Yet, managerial QI is largely considered irrelevant by healthcare professionals. In consequence, the implementation of managerial QI implementation is hampered. Knowledge brokering is discussed as a means to foster the implementation of (QI) knowledge in healthcare. Yet, the benefit of knowledge brokering for managerial QI has so far been neglected. Therefore, this research asks how knowledge brokering can support the implementation of managerial QI.

Design/methodology/approach
This article builds on a single case study approach as a unit of analysis. Qualitative data collection comprises 21 semi-structured interviews at the managerial and clinical levels, 220 h of participant observation and document analysis.

Findings
This paper identifies three strategies of how brokers implement managerial QI into a hospital by means of knowledge brokering: prioritizing, obscuring and redefining. The strategies help to transform multiple external QI demands into one managerial QI strategy. Yet the strategies also reduce non-managerial perspectives on QI, which generates frustration among healthcare professionals.

Practical implications
The paper works out the benefits and costs of managerial knowledge brokering. This allows to spell out practical implications for managers, nurses and clinicians who have to deal with managerial QI in healthcare organizations.

Originality/value
This paper fulfils an identified need to study managerial knowledge brokering practices as a means to implement managerial QI into healthcare organizations. By doing that, the article adds to the body of research on knowledge translation in healthcare.
Which research institution performs better than average in a subject category or better than selected other institutions?
Authors: Bornmann Lutz 
Published: March 2018

PurposeInstitutional bibliometric analyses compare as a rule the performance of different institutions. The purpose of this paper is to use a statistical approach which not only allows a comparison of the citation impact of papers from selected institutions, but also a comparison of the citation impact of the papers of these institutions with all other papers published in a particular time frame.Design/methodology/approachThe study is based on a randomly selected cluster sample (n=4,327,013 articles and reviews from 2000 to 2004), which is drawn from a bibliometric in-house database including Web of Science data. Regression models are used to analyze citation impact scores. Subsequent to the models, average predictions at specific interesting values are calculated to analyze which factors could have an effect on the impact scores-the journal impact factor (JIF), of the journals which published the papers and the number of affiliations given in a paper.FindingsThree anonymous German institutions are compared with one another and with the set of all other papers in the time frame. As an indicator of institutional performance, fractionally counted PPtop 50%on the level of individual papers are used. This indicator is a normalized impact score whereas each paper is fractionally assigned to the 50 percent most frequently cited papers within its subject category and publication year. The results show that the JIF and the number of affiliations have a statistically significant effect on the institutional performance.Originality/valueFractional regression models are introduced to analyze the fractionally counted PPtop 50%on the level of individual papers.
Older workers as a source of wisdom capital: broadening perspectives
Authors: Vasconcelos Anselmo Ferreira 
Published: March 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to pinpoint some key variables that help shape the notion of older workers as a source of organizational wisdom capital.Design/methodology/approachToward that end, the paper reviews a selective bibliography in order to support its arguments.FindingsThe evidence garnered throughout this paper – fundamentally through different lens of analysis – suggests that older workers may be considered as valuable assets. Furthermore, a sizeable number of members of this cohort continue, even in the latter stages of their careers, to be willing, well-equipped, and able to enhance, if properly utilized, companies to achieve other patterns of performance. Accordingly, it is advocated here that their knowledge and expertise constitutes an authentic source of organizational wisdom capital that deserves careful attention from organizations to maintain by means of suitable incentives and training.Research limitations/implicationsThis paper highlights other aspects that should not be disdained by organizations such as career-ending, work characteristics, and mastery-avoidance goals. Thus, companies that are interested in keeping older talents must be attuned to their wishes and aspirations, as well as being proactive by offering tailor-made job-products to them.Social implicationsGiven the trend of aging workforce, it is likely that organizations will be increasingly impacted by societal demands and public policies toward benefiting and respecting older talents.Originality/valueThis paper advocates that older workers are usually living memories of organizational life. Rather, they tend to keep in their minds those failures and successful ideas, projects, initiatives, and leaderships, which added or not value throughout their trajectories, as well as things that worked out or not. Fundamentally, they are able to provide answers to vital questions.
Operations social practices in safety and health at work
Authors: Caixeta de Castro Maia Leonardo , Masini Espindola Daniel , Henrique Antonelli da Veiga Cristiano 
Published: March 2018

PurposeStudying the gap between improvements in operational performance of a manufacturing organization does not necessarily represent the existent of safe and healthy work. The purpose of this paper is to fill this gap validating a scale about social practices.Design/methodology/approachThe literature was studied; data analysis instrument and the scale validated by Q-sort. The reliability and validity of research instrument indicators were drawing from the analysis of judges. The data were assessed by convergence matrix.FindingsIt was validated five social practices factors. It was enabled the adequacy of the name of the constructs and establishment which indicators better convergence to the constructs.Research limitations/implicationsThe judge´s number that answered the research was low. The level of convergence related of two factors was above 50 percent.Practical implicationsIt is possible to achieve better levels of performance through social practices. Organizations must rethink the management and the routine of the workers to implement the operational practices.Social implicationsThe practices need to have with well-defined rules, as well as action to drive compliance. This vision also needs to be expanded to suppliers, customers and society.Originality/valueHighlight five points: technology is the main factor for analyzes and decisions; the search for quality leads organizations to seek practices that improve workers’ well-being, health and safety; the activities of the worker are carried out on the factory, or in the work environment; Should not to belittle the local community; culture is an essential factor to continuous improvement.
Integrating perspectives: proposal for the analysis of work as a multifaceted phenomenon
Authors: Colomby Renato Koch , Oltramari Andrea Poleto , Rodrigues Maria Beatriz 
Published: March 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to analyze the phenomenon of work from eight different and subsidiary perspectives: physiological, cultural, spiritual, ideological, economic, political, legal and psychosocial.

Design/methodology/approach
This study is based on an exploratory quantitative survey with a probability sample composed of 407 cases. The bibliographic review resulted from several readings about the phenomenon of work and the impacts arising from these different perspectives.

Findings
The analysis of the data collected confirmed that the meaning and the sense of work are multifaceted. The authors also found that work is an important source of reflection and learning in people’s life. The research instrument promoted thinking and analysis of the participants’ careers. The research process resulted in mutual and interactive learning of investigators and investigation.

Research limitations/implications
The data collection came from a single source: a written questionnaire. This limits the scope of the data and raises interpretative discussion concerning the contents of the answers. For future reference, the authors suggest to complement it with different techniques of data collection, associating qualitative and quantitative approaches.

Practical implications
The main contributions of the paper are, on the one hand, the effort of synthetizing and recording eight different categories of analysis of the multiple and possible meanings of work, which were elaborated using the available literature, and on the other hand, to understand and analyze those categories using the perception of a numerically meaningful sample of the public, coming from different backgrounds.

Social implications
The purpose of this paper is to propose a guideline for future studies so that they could choose with increased awareness the initial perspectives at the basis of the analyses. This study could encourage continuity and provide greater incentives on this increasingly relevant subject.

Originality/value
After analyzing the data, it was acknowledged that work cannot be seen from a single perspective, but it must be viewed in its multifaceted character and sense. The published material on the meanings of work usually focuses on specific professions and careers, the authors argue that this fact limits the scope of perspectives and interpretations of the phenomenon.
A blueprint for the future of professional cycling
Authors: Van Reeth Daam , Lagae Wim 
Published: March 2018

Purpose
Professional road cycling has the capacity to be a major worldwide spectator sport, but has yet, in the eyes of many, failed to realize its full potential. There is a growing awareness that profound reforms are crucial for the sport’s future success. The purpose of this paper is to explore the conditions which the sport must address, and define a new business model for professional road cycling.

Design/methodology/approach
The paper uses qualitative data to screen professional road cycling’s current business model, and to present a coherent vision on the changes needed to reform the sport. Information was gathered from archival material and from talks with stakeholders.

Findings
The paper presents a blueprint for the future of professional cycling. It identifies 6 vital building blocks and 25 specific action points, beginning with the idea that professional road cycling needs a stable business model that produces a valuable core product.

Originality/value
Professional road cycling is is conservative by nature and changes are extremely difficult to implement. This contribution presents a glimpse of one possible future for professional cycling, if cycling’s policy makers acknowledge the need for profound reforms of the sport and are willing to make the necessary changes.
A continental‐scale assessment of variability in leaf traits: Within species, across sites and between seasons
Authors: Bloomfield Keith J. , Cernusak Lucas A. , Eamus Derek , Ellsworth David S. , Colin Prentice I. , Wright Ian J. , Boer Matthias M. , Bradford Matt G. , Cale Peter , Cleverly James , Egerton John J. G. , Evans Bradley J. , Hayes Lucy S. , Hutchinson Michael F. , Liddell Michael J. , Macfarlane Craig , Meyer Wayne S. , Prober Suzanne M. , Togashi Henrique F. , Wardlaw Tim , Zhu Lingling , Atkin Owen K. 
Published: March 2018

Abstract

Plant species show considerable leaf trait variability that should be accounted for in dynamic global vegetation models (DGVMs). In particular, differences in the acclimation of leaf traits during periods more and less favourable to growth have rarely been examined.

We conducted a field study of leaf trait variation at seven sites spanning a range of climates and latitudes across the Australian continent; 80 native plant species were included. We measured key traits associated with leaf structure, chemistry and metabolism during the favourable and unfavourable growing seasons.

Leaf traits differed widely in the degree of seasonal variation displayed. Leaf mass per unit area (Ma) showed none. At the other extreme, seasonal variation accounted for nearly a third of total variability in dark respiration (Rdark).

At the non‐tropical sites, carboxylation capacity (Vcmax) at the prevailing growth temperature was typically higher in summer than in winter. When Vcmax was normalized to a common reference temperature (25°C), however, the opposite pattern was observed for about 30% of the species. This suggests that metabolic acclimation is possible, but far from universal.

Intraspecific variation—combining measurements of individual plants repeated at contrasting seasons, different leaves from the same individual, and multiple conspecific plants at a given site—dominated total variation for leaf metabolic traits Vcmax and Rdark. By contrast, site location was the major source of variation (53%) for Ma. Interspecific trait variation ranged from only 13% of total variation for Vcmax up to 43% for nitrogen content per unit leaf area.

These findings do not support a common practice in DGVMs of assigning fixed leaf trait values to plant functional types. Trait‐based models should allow for interspecific differences, together with spatial and temporal plasticity in leaf structural, chemical and metabolic traits.

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When is the best time to flower and disperse? A comparative analysis of plant reproductive phenology in the Mediterranean
Authors: Segrestin Jules , Bernard‐Verdier Maud , Violle Cyrille , Richarte Jean , Navas Marie‐Laure , Garnier Eric 
Published: March 2018

Abstract

The phenology of organisms corresponds to the temporal match between the components of their life cycle and the seasonal distribution of resources and hazards. Flowering has been extensively studied to describe the reproductive phenology of plants, but in comparison, other key events for reproductive success such as the seed maturation period and the time of seed dispersal have been considerably less investigated.

This study describes the temporal sequence of onset of flowering and seed dispersal, and the time necessary to mature seeds in 138 species growing in the strongly seasonal climate of Mediterranean southern France. Data for the three traits were compiled from several original surveys to characterize the reproductive phenology of 47 annual, 67 perennial herbaceous and 24 low stature woody species. The timing of these three phases was assessed in relation to local climatic conditions, and the degree to which they were coordinated was tested.

All three phenological traits spanned a wide range of values from early spring to late summer. Annuals flowered slightly earlier than perennials but the largest difference between these groups was found for the seed maturation period, which was much shorter in annuals. This resulted in earlier dispersal dates in these species, which occurred before periods of high water deficit. Significant positive correlations were found between onset of flowering, onset of seed dispersal and seed maturation period. This suggests a consistent pattern of coordination between the different phases of reproductive phenology across species.

Our results show that while the time slot for flowering appears restricted to periods with adequate temperature and water availability for most species, the seed maturation period and dispersal phase can occur during periods of substantial water deficit, at least for perennials. They also suggest that the different species can be arrayed along a fast‐slow continuum based on reproductive events, from early flowering species with short seed maturation and early dispersal to late flowering species with long seed maturation and late dispersal. Whether this relates to the postulated fast‐slow continuum identified for the functioning of vegetative organs is a promising avenue for future research.

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Internal and External Sources and the Adoption of Innovations in Organizations
Authors: Damanpour Fariborz , Sanchez‐Henriquez Fernando , Chiu Holly H. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractResearch on knowledge sources and innovation has focused mainly on external knowledge sources and the generation of technological innovations. This study contributes by examining the dual role of internal and external sources of knowledge and information on the adoption of managerial innovations, a type of non‐technological innovation deemed essential for organizational effectiveness but not examined sufficiently. It also contributes to the innovation adoption literature by analysing adoption as a process, rather than a dichotomous choice. We investigate how the involvement of stakeholders for the selection of a new programme, and organizational actions for the implementation of that programme, affect its adoption. Regression analyses of privatization of 64 services in 1,512 public organizations provide empirical evidence in support of the influence of internal and external involvement, and internal, but not external, implementation actions. We also find that while the relative influence of internal and external stakeholders’ involvement on innovation adoption does not differ, internal implementation actions have a stronger effect than external implementation actions. We discuss the implications of our findings for the adoption of innovations in organizations and offer research ideas for understanding non‐technological innovations and their effects on organizational conduct and outcomes.
Wage‐labour and a double separation in Papua New Guinea and beyond
Authors: Martin Keir 
Published: March 2018

AbstractIn this essay, I explore how the idea of wage‐labour is used to perform a double separation within and between persons. The first aspect of this separation is a separation of activities that are characterized as ‘labour’ from the person performing the activity thus characterized. This separation is the precondition for the second separation: namely a partial and often contested separation between the two parties to the contested wage‐labour transaction. Ethnographically, I explore how the idea of wage‐labour has been used to perform this double separation in Papua New Guinea in recent years. The analysis of these separations has a long pedigree in Western critical thought, the first being at the heart of Marx's conception of the worker as person in a capitalist political economy, for example. The second separation creates the possibility of momentary perspectives from which persons can present themselves increasingly as discrete individuals separate from the claims of others. Ethnographic analysis demonstrates how the category of ‘labour’ and related idioms create possibilities for the historically shifting emergence and dissolution of different idioms of the person in contemporary PNG, which is taken as a specific instance of an important global phenomenon.
Re‐learning to labour? ‘Activation Works’ and new politics of social assistance in the case of Slovak Roma
Authors: Grill Jan 
Published: March 2018

AbstractBased on fieldwork among Roma/Gypsy groups in Slovakia, this essay explores the concept of ‘activation (to) work’ along the shifting lines of economic precariousness and the new politics of social assistance targeting formally unemployed subjects in the context of a neoliberalizing state. Focusing on how ideologies and policies of activation operate in everyday practices, the essay dissects lived experiences and the forms of sociability emerging in these spaces constituted by the centrifugal forces of the state. Particular attention is paid to the contested meanings, politics of waiting, and acts of compassion elicited by subjects’ labour and work simulations.