bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of meteorological variables on water quality parameters of a reservoir and ecological filtration system
Authors: Pompei C. M. E. , Alves E. D. L. , Vieira E. M. , Campos L. C. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Recently, special attention has been given to low-cost technologies for water treatment, with the aim of serving remote communities and thus enabling everyone to have access to drinking water and basic sanitation. In that context, the ecological filter is an alternative for treating water for human consumption. Some studies show that climate change and meteorological parameters can influence the water quality of water bodies and the water supply system. However, most of the papers deal with model projections and therefore do not show real situations. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of meteorological variables (e.g. atmospheric pressure, evaporation, wind speed, radiation, precipitation) on the physico-chemical and biological parameters (e.g. turbidity, apparent colour, pH, total coliforms, Escherichia coli) of Lobo reservoir water treated by 22 ecological filters during a period of 4 months. Statistically significant correlations were found between the water from the Lobo reservoir and the weather variables, and between the water quality parameters of the 22 ecological filters and the average weather variables. The results from the statistical analysis indicate that climatic variations may influence treatment performance.
Application of Chebyshev tau method for bending analysis of elastically restrained edge functionally graded nano/micro-scaled sandwich beams, under non-uniform normal and shear loads
Authors: Matinfar M. , Mahdavi Shirazi M. , Alipour M. M. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
In this study, for the first time, an approximate solution procedure based on the Chebyshev tau method (CTM) is developed for bending analysis of functionally graded nano/micro-scaled sandwich beams. The proposed approach has the advantage of decreasing the problem to the solution of a system of algebraic equations, which may then be solved by any numerical method. In the CTM, the solution is approximated via a truncated Chebyshev series expansion and the Chebyshev polynomials are used as the test function. Based on the proposed technique, sandwich beams with elastically restrained edges under arbitrary non-uniform distributed normal and shear loads can be analyzed. The effectiveness of the CTM is illustrated by comparison of the obtained results for various end supports with those extracted from the ABAQUS software. In each considered cases, the numerical results indicate that the proposed scheme is of high accuracy and is efficient for solving the ordinary differential equations and systems of them.
Uniting the wave and the particle in quantum mechanics
Authors: Holland Peter 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
We present a unified field theory of wave and particle in quantum mechanics. This emerges from an investigation of three weaknesses in the de Broglie–Bohm theory: its reliance on the quantum probability formula to justify the particle-guidance equation; its insouciance regarding the absence of reciprocal action of the particle on the guiding wavefunction; and its lack of a unified model to represent its inseparable components. Following the author’s previous work, these problems are examined within an analytical framework by requiring that the wave–particle composite exhibits no observable differences with a quantum system. This scheme is implemented by appealing to symmetries (global gauge and spacetime translations) and imposing equality of the corresponding conserved Noether densities (matter, energy, and momentum) with their Schrödinger counterparts. In conjunction with the condition of time-reversal covariance, this implies the de Broglie–Bohm law for the particle where the quantum potential mediates the wave–particle interaction (we also show how the time-reversal assumption may be replaced by a statistical condition). The method clarifies the nature of the composite’s mass, and its energy and momentum conservation laws. Our principal result is the unification of the Schrödinger equation and the de Broglie–Bohm law in a single inhomogeneous equation whose solution amalgamates the wavefunction and a singular soliton model of the particle in a unified spacetime field. The wavefunction suffers no reaction from the particle since it is the homogeneous part of the unified field to whose source the particle contributes via the quantum potential. The theory is extended to many-body systems. We review de Broglie’s objections to the pilot-wave theory and suggest that our field-theoretic description provides a realization of his hitherto unfulfilled ‘double solution’ programme. A revised set of postulates for the de Broglie–Bohm theory is proposed in which the unified field is taken as the basic descriptive element of a physical system.
Abrasive wear behavior of PTFE for seal applications under abrasive-atmosphere sliding condition
Authors: Shen Mingxue , Li Bo , Zhang Zhinan , Zhao Longzhi , Xiong Guangyao 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Abrasive wear is a common failure phenomenon that often limits the service life of sealing elements. Evaluation and comparison of the abrasion resistance of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) were conducted using Al2O3 particles with sizes in the range 5 to 200 µm on a pin-on-flat tribo-tester under dry reciprocating sliding conditions at room temperature. Based on the examined worn surface characteristics of both PTFE and 316L stainless steel (as a counterpart) and the analyzed coefficient of friction (COF) evolutions, the wear mechanism and particle size effect have been explored in detail. The results demonstrate that the abrasive size is the main contributing factor, which can drastically impact the wear mechanism and tribological properties of tribo-pairs. The COF exhibits different evolution characteristics (trends) for different abrasive sizes. For moderate particle sizes, the COF trends become more complicated and the most evident wear of the metallic counterpart is evident. The activity behaviors of abrasives are dominated by the particle size. Particles can becomes embedded in one of the tribo-pair materials to plough-cut the counterpart, thus causing two-body abrasive wear. The abrasives can also behave as free rolling bodies, which play the role of third body to realize three-body “PTFE-abrasive-316L” abrasion. When abrasives are involved in the wear process, both the wear rate and COF of the metallic counterpart increase, but the material removal rate of the PTFE is reduced. The results obtained can offer guidelines regarding the design and protection of seals.
Anemia and clinical outcomes in patients with non-dialysis dependent or dialysis dependent severe chronic kidney disease: a Danish population-based study
Authors: Toft Gunnar , Heide-Jørgensen Uffe , van Haalen Heleen , James Glen , Hedman Katarina , Birn Henrik , Christiansen Christian F. , Thomsen Reimar W. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Background
Routine clinical evidence is limited on clinical outcomes associated with anemia in patients with severe chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Methods
We linked population-based medical databases to identify individuals with severe CKD (eGFR < 30 mL/min/1.73 m2) in Northern Denmark from 2000 to 2016, including prevalent patients as of 1 January 2009 or incident patients hereafter into the study. We classified patients as non-anemic (≥ 12/≥ 13 g/dl hemoglobin (Hgb) in women/men), anemia grade 1 (10–12/13 g/dl Hgb in women/men), 2 (8–10 g/dl Hgb), and 3+ (< 8 g/dl Hgb), allowing persons to contribute with patient profiles and risk time in consecutively more severe anemia grade cohorts. Patients were stratified by dialysis status and followed for clinical outcomes.

Results
We identified 16,972 CKD patients contributing with a total of 28,510 anemia patient profiles, of which 3594 had dialysis dependent (DD) and 24,916 had non-dialysis dependent (NDD) severe CKD. Overall, 14% had no anemia, 35% grade 1 anemia, 44% grade 2 anemia and 17% grade 3+ anemia. Compared to patients with no anemia, adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) for NDD patients with grade 3+ anemia were elevated for incident dialysis (1.91, 95% CI 1.61–2.26), any acute hospitalization (1.74, 95% CI 1.57–1.93), all-cause death (1.82, 95% CI 1.70–1.94), and MACE (1.14, 95% CI 1.02–1.26). Similar HRs were observed among DD patients.

Conclusions
Among NDD or DD patients with severe CKD, presence and severity of anemia were associated with increased risks of incident dialysis for NDD patients and with acute hospitalizations, death and MACE for all patients.
A fast DFT method for generally k sparse signals recovery
Authors: Tariq Irfan , Qiao Meng 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
In this paper, a new method to fast compute DFT of generally sparse signals is presented. Firstly, the original signal is downsampled with different time shifts, and the discrete Fourier Transforms (DFTs) of downsampled signals are calculated by FFT. Then the DFTs are used to determine and measure the K non-zero (significant) freq. grids by combining the moment preserving problem with the BigBand method. The proposed method is hardware-friendly, and simulation results show that the proposed method has better recovery performance compared with other methods.
Escitalopram for agitation in Alzheimer's disease (S‐CitAD): Methods and design of an investigator‐initiated, randomized, controlled, multicenter clinical trial
Authors: Ehrhardt Stephan , Porsteinsson Anton P. , Munro Cynthia A. , Rosenberg Paul B. , Pollock Bruce G. , Devanand Davangere P. , Mintzer Jacobo , Rajji Tarek K. , Ismail Zahinoor , Schneider Lon S. , Baksh Sheriza N. , Drye Lea T. , Avramopoulos Dimitri , Shade David M. , Lyketsos Constantine G. ,   S‐CitAD Research Group
Published: October 2019

AbstractIntroductionAlzheimer's disease (AD) is a disabling, common cause of dementia, and agitation is one of the most common and distressing symptoms for patients with AD. Escitalopram for agitation in Alzheimer's disease (S‐CitAD) tests a novel, clinically derived therapeutic approach to treat agitation in patients with AD.MethodsS‐CitAD is a NIH‐funded, investigator‐initiated, randomized, multicenter clinical trial. Participants receive a structured psychosocial intervention (PSI) as standard of care. Participants without sufficient response to PSI are randomized to receive 15 mg escitalopram/day or a matching placebo in addition to PSI. Primary outcome is the Modified Alzheimer's Disease Cooperative Study ‐ Clinical Global Impression of Change (mADCS‐CGIC).DiscussionS‐CitAD will provide information about a practical, immediately available approach to treating agitation in patients with AD. S‐CitAD may become a model of how to evaluate and predict treatment response in patients with AD and agitation as a neuropsychiatric symptom (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03108846).
Developmental Landmarks and the Warnock Report: A Sociological Account of Biological Translation
Authors: Franklin Sarah 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAt a crucial meeting during their proceedings, on 9 November 1983, the sixteen members of Britain's influential Warnock Inquiry into Human Fertilisation and Embryology reached a key decision on how to base proposals for comprehensive legislation governing this largely uncharted territory. Famously, they chose the formation of the “primitive streak” in the early embryo as the basis for the fourteen-day rule that has now served as the global benchmark for experimental research in this area for nearly thirty years. Based on newly available archival material and interviews, this article offers a sociological account of the ways in which a specific translation of biological facts became the basis for an enduring social contract governing controversial bioinnovation in the UK. In particular, the combined roles of Committee Chair Mary Warnock and biologist Anne McLaren are examined in terms of how a decision, or “iterative settlement,” was reached as to “where to draw the line” using specific “developmental landmarks” to establish a basis for legal regulation. Drawing from this analysis, I offer a broader argument concerning the sociology of biological translation and biogovernance that is germane to ongoing debates such that over how to limit CRISPR-Cas 9 gene editing. I contend also that we have yet to fully grasp the historical and sociological lessons to be drawn from the early histories of establishing governance over new forms of technological assistance to human reproduction, and in particular the formation of the “Warnock Consensus.”
Negotiating Relationships in Transition: War, Famine, and Embodied Accountability in Mozambique
Authors: Igreja Victor 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIn conflict-ridden communities, justice specialists gather evidence through verbal accounts and material vestiges of violations committed by repressive regimes and during warfare, to eventually lay legal charges against alleged perpetrators. Anthropologists and sociologists engage with similar contexts but have included conventional bodily rituals, routinized practices, and commemoration practices as sources of knowledge of violent pasts and struggles for historical justice, although without the intention of determining legal accountability. This article shifts from the prevailing focus on repressive regimes and warfare to analyze the famine continuum and expands the procedures for gathering evidence of violations. It shows how, in one Mozambique community, a contingent combination of singular bodily actions, collective imagination and negotiations, and kinship norms evolved and became instrumental in two ways: contested fragments of evidence of violations perpetrated during the experiences of the 1980s famine were refined, and local struggles for accountability conveyed through bodily actions were sustained. The ensuing embodied accountability reshaped relationships by overcoming silence and denial, exposing ordinary perpetrators of violations, and cementing memories of guilt in the landscape. To capture the diversity of legacies of violations marred by fragile evidence, we must be attentive to the versatility of singular bodily actions. We need to consider the multiplicity of meanings, contexts, and perpetrators and how those in conflict zones struggle with embodied accountability.
Legislating the Labor Force: Sedentarization and Development in India and the United States, 1870–1915
Authors: Subramanian Divya 
Published: October 2019

AbstractScholars have treated British colonial rule in India and the internal colonization of the United States in the nineteenth century as analytically distinct moments. Yet these far-flung imperial projects shared a common set of anxieties regarding land and labor. This paper seeks to conceptualize the Criminal Tribes Act of 1871 in India and the Indian Appropriation Acts of 1851–1871 in the United States as part of a congruent effort to manage and define the labor force in the context of the intensified expropriation of land. In the complement to agricultural improvement programs, British and American colonizers sought to rehabilitate itinerant populations to create a labor pool endowed with suitable qualities for unleashing the productive capacity of land. While in India the cumulative effect of criminal tribes legislation was inclusive in that members of criminal tribes were purportedly reformed in preparation for joining the colonial labor force, reservation policy in the United States excluded Native Americans from lands that were the preserve of white labor while simultaneously laying the groundwork for assimilation.
Exploring genetic variation that influences brain methylation in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
Authors: Pineda-Cirera Laura , Shivalikanjli Anu , Cabana-Domínguez Judit , Demontis Ditte , Rajagopal Veera M. , Børglum Anders D. , Faraone Stephen V. , Cormand Bru , Fernàndez-Castillo Noèlia 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAttention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder caused by an interplay of genetic and environmental factors. Epigenetics is crucial to lasting changes in gene expression in the brain. Recent studies suggest a role for DNA methylation in ADHD. We explored the contribution to ADHD of allele-specific methylation (ASM), an epigenetic mechanism that involves SNPs correlating with differential levels of DNA methylation at CpG sites. We selected 3896 tagSNPs reported to influence methylation in human brain regions and performed a case-control association study using the summary statistics from the largest GWAS meta-analysis of ADHD, comprising 20,183 cases and 35,191 controls. We observed that genetic risk variants for ADHD are enriched in ASM SNPs and identified associations with eight tagSNPs that were significant at a 5% false discovery rate (FDR). These SNPs correlated with methylation of CpG sites lying in the promoter regions of six genes. Since methylation may affect gene expression, we inspected these ASM SNPs together with 52 ASM SNPs in high LD with them for eQTLs in brain tissues and observed that the expression of three of those genes was affected by them. ADHD risk alleles correlated with increased expression (and decreased methylation) of ARTN and PIDD1 and with a decreased expression (and increased methylation) of C2orf82. Furthermore, these three genes were predicted to have altered expression in ADHD, and genetic variants in C2orf82 correlated with brain volumes. In summary, we followed a systematic approach to identify risk variants for ADHD that correlated with differential cis-methylation, identifying three novel genes contributing to the disorder.
Correction: Keratinocyte differentiation promotes ER stress-dependent lysosome biogenesis
Authors: Mahanty Sarmistha , Dakappa Shruthi Shirur , Shariff Rezwan , Patel Saloni , Swamy Mruthyunjaya Mathapathi , Majumdar Amitabha , Setty Subba Rao Gangi 
Published: October 2019

Following publication of this article, the authors realized there was an error in Figure 2b that needed correction. The TFEB panel of Figure 2b (total lysate) appears to be the same as the TFEB panel of Figure 2e (cytosolic fraction); the TFE3 panels of Figure 2b (total lysate) appear to be the same as the TFE3 panels of Figure 2e (cytosolic fraction) which happened during image assembly.This error did not impact the scientific conclusions of the article.
The desmosomal cadherin desmoglein-3 acts as a keratinocyte anti-stress protein via suppression of p53
Authors: Rehman Ambreen , Cai Yang , Hünefeld Christian , Jedličková Hana , Huang Yunying , Teck Teh Muy , Sharif Ahmad Usama , Uttagomol Jutamas , Wang Ying , Kang Angray , Warnes Gary , Harwood Catherine , Bergamaschi Daniele , Kenneth Parkinson Eric , Röcken Martin , Wan Hong 
Published: October 2019

AbstractDesmoglein-3 (Dsg3), the Pemphigus Vulgaris (PV) antigen (PVA), plays an essential role in keratinocyte cell–cell adhesion and regulates various signaling pathways involved in the progression and metastasis of cancer where it is upregulated. We show here that expression of Dsg3 impacts on the expression and function of p53, a key transcription factor governing the responses to cellular stress. Dsg3 depletion increased p53 expression and activity, an effect enhanced by treating cells with UVB, mechanical stress and genotoxic drugs, whilst increased Dsg3 expression resulted in the opposite effects. Such a pathway in the negative regulation of p53 by Dsg3 was Dsg3 specific since neither E-cadherin nor desmoplakin knockdown caused similar effects. Analysis of Dsg3−/− mouse skin also indicated an increase of p53/p21WAF1/CIP1 and cleaved caspase-3 relative to Dsg3+/− controls. Finally, we evaluated whether this pathway was operational in the autoimmune disease PV in which Dsg3 serves as a major antigen involved in blistering pathogenesis. We uncovered increased p53 with diffuse cytoplasmic and/or nuclear staining in the oral mucosa of patients, including cells surrounding blisters and the pre-lesional regions. This finding was verified by in vitro studies where treatment of keratinocytes with PV sera, as well as a characterized pathogenic antibody specifically targeting Dsg3, evoked pronounced p53 expression and activity accompanied by disruption of cell–cell adhesion. Collectively, our findings suggest a novel role for Dsg3 as an anti-stress protein, via suppression of p53 function, and this pathway is disrupted in PV.
A new era for giant cell arteritis
Authors: Lyons H. S. , Quick V. , Sinclair A. J. , Nagaraju S. , Mollan S. P. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The landscape of the investigation and management of giant cell arteritis (GCA) is advancing. In this review we will outline the recent advances by searching the current English literature for relevant articles using key words of giant cell arteritis, temporal arteritis, Horton’s disease, investigation, and treatment. Delay in diagnosis, diagnostic uncertainty and glucocorticoid (GC) morbidity are among the highest concerns of clinicians and patients in this disease area. The positive news is that fast track pathways, imaging techniques and new therapies are emerging for routine management of GCA. Future directions for intervention in the treatment paradigm will be discussed.
Unraveling the coordination structure-performance relationship in Pt1/Fe2O3 single-atom catalyst
Authors: Ren Yujing , Tang Yan , Zhang Leilei , Liu Xiaoyan , Li Lin , Miao Shu , Sheng Su Dang , Wang Aiqin , Li Jun , Zhang Tao 
Published: October 2019

AbstractHeterogeneous single-atom catalyst (SAC) opens a unique entry to establishing structure–performance relationship at the molecular level similar to that in homogeneous catalysis. The challenge lies in manipulating the coordination chemistry of single atoms without changing single-atom dispersion. Here, we develop an efficient synthetic method for SACs by using ethanediamine to chelate Pt cations and then removing the ethanediamine by a rapid thermal treatment (RTT) in inert atmosphere. The coordination chemistry of Pt single atoms on a Fe2O3 support is finely tuned by merely adjusting the RTT temperature. With the decrease in Pt-O coordination number, the oxidation state of Pt decreases, and consequently the hydrogenation activity increases to a record level without loss of chemoselectivity. The tunability of the local coordination chemistry, oxidation states of the metal, and the catalytic performance of single atoms reveals the unique role of SACs as a bridge between heterogeneous and homogeneous catalysis.
East Greenland ice core dust record reveals timing of Greenland ice sheet advance and retreat
Authors: Simonsen Marius Folden , Baccolo Giovanni , Blunier Thomas , Borunda Alejandra , Delmonte Barbara , Frei Robert , Goldstein Steven , Grinsted Aslak , Kjær Helle Astrid , Sowers Todd , Svensson Anders , Vinther Bo , Vladimirova Diana , Winckler Gisela , Winstrup Mai , Vallelonga Paul 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAccurate estimates of the past extent of the Greenland ice sheet provide critical constraints for ice sheet models used to determine Greenland’s response to climate forcing and contribution to global sea level. Here we use a continuous ice core dust record from the Renland ice cap on the east coast of Greenland to constrain the timing of changes to the ice sheet margin and relative sea level over the last glacial cycle. During the Holocene and the previous interglacial period (Eemian) the dust record was dominated by coarse particles consistent with rock samples from central East Greenland. From the coarse particle concentration record we infer the East Greenland ice sheet margin advanced from 113.4 ± 0.4 to 111.0 ± 0.4 ka BP during the glacial onset and retreated from 12.1 ± 0.1 to 9.0 ± 0.1 ka BP during the last deglaciation. These findings constrain the possible response of the Greenland ice sheet to climate forcings.