bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dissecting the membrane lipid binding properties and lipase activity of Mycobacterium tuberculosis LipY domains
Authors: Santucci Pierre , Smichi Nabil , Diomandé Sadia , Poncin Isabelle , Point Vanessa , Gaussier Hélène , Cavalier Jean‐François , Kremer Laurent , Canaan Stéphane 
Published: May 2019

The Mycobacterium tuberculosis LipY protein, a prototype of the proline‐glutamic acid (PE) family, exhibits a triacylglycerol (TAG) hydrolase activity that contributes to host cell lipid degradation and persistence of the bacilli. LipY is found either as a full‐length intracytosolic form or as a mature extracellular form lacking the N‐terminal PE domain. Even though the contribution of the extracellular form in TAG consumption has been partly elucidated, very little information is available regarding the potential interactions of either full‐length LipY with the cytoplasmic membrane, or mature form LipY with the outer membrane. Herein, several LipY variants truncated in their N‐terminal domain were produced and biochemically characterized in lipid–protein interaction assays, using the monomolecular film technique and FTIR. Comparison of the catalytic activities of these recombinant proteins showed that LipY∆149, corresponding to the extracellular form of LipY lacking the PE domain, is more active than the full‐length protein. This confirms previous studies reporting that the PE domain negatively modulates the TAG hydrolase activity of LipY. Lipid–protein interaction studies indicate that the PE domain anchors LipY onto membrane lipids. Consistent with these findings, we show that LipY∆149 is loosely associated with the mycobacterial cell wall, and that this interaction is mediated by the sole lipase domain. Overall, our results bring new information regarding the molecular mechanisms by which LipY either binds and hydrolyses host cell lipids or degrades TAG, the major source of lipids within mycobacterial intracytosolic lipid inclusions.
New Olivine Reference Material for In Situ Microanalysis
Authors: Batanova Valentina G. , Thompson Jay M. , Danyushevsky Leonid V. , Portnyagin Maxim V. , Garbe‐Schönberg Dieter , Hauri Erik , Kimura Jun‐Ichi , Chang Qing , Senda Ryoko , Goemann Karsten , Chauvel Catherine , Campillo Sylvain , Ionov Dmitri A. , Sobolev Alexander V. 
Published: May 2019

A new olivine reference material – MongOL Sh11‐2 – for in situ analysis has been prepared from the central portion of a large (20 × 20 × 10 cm) mantle peridotite xenolith from a ~ 0.5 My old basaltic breccia at Shavaryn‐Tsaram, Tariat region, central Mongolia. The xenolith is a fertile mantle lherzolite with minimal signs of alteration. Approximately 10 g of 0.5–2 mm gem quality olivine fragments were separated under binocular microscope and analysed by EPMA, LA‐ICP‐MS, SIMS and bulk analytical methods (ID‐ICP‐MS for Mg and Fe, XRF, ICP‐MS) for major, minor and trace elements at six institutions world‐wide. The results show that the olivine fragments are sufficiently homogeneous with respect to major (Mg, Fe, Si), minor and trace elements. Significant inhomogeneity was revealed only for phosphorus (homogeneity index of 12.4), whereas Li, Na, Al, Sc, Ti and Cr show minor inhomogeneity (homogeneity index of 1–2). The presence of some mineral and fluid‐melt micro‐inclusions may be responsible for the inconsistency in mass fractions obtained by in situ and bulk analytical methods for Al, Cu, Sr, Zr, Ga, Dy and Ho. Here we report reference and information values for twenty‐seven major, minor and trace elements.
Preparation and properties of dense ZrB2 composite reinforced by elongated SiC and Al3BC3 grains
Authors: Chen Zhibo , Zhao Xiaotong , Wang Hailong , Shao Gang , Liu Wen , Zhang Rui , Xu Hongliang , Fan Bingbing , Lu Hongxia , Chu Yanhui , Lee Sea‐Hoon 
Published: May 2019

AbstractDense ZrB2‐SiC‐Al3BC3 ultra‐high temperature ceramic composite was fabricated by hot pressing sintering at 1900°C for 1 hour under a pressure of 20 MPa using Zirconium diboride (ZrB2) as the raw material and a powder mixture of SiC, B4C, Al, and carbon as the sintering additive. Al and B4C underwent in situ reaction with carbon powder to produce Al3BC3, which promoted the densification of ZrB2 ceramic. SiC grains were found to be elongated during sintering. The ZrB2‐SiC‐Al3BC3 composite exhibited excellent mechanical properties, such as high flexural strength of 589 ± 147 MPa and fracture toughness of 7.81 ± 1.09 MPa m1/2. Oxidation behavior of the ZrB2‐SiC‐Al3BC3 composite was studied in air at 1500°C for 1 hour. A continuous layer of oxides consisting of a mixture of SiO2, Al2SiO5, and Al2O3 was formed on the surface of the ZrB2‐SiC‐Al3BC3 composite. This layer of oxides efficiently prevented oxygen from diffusing into the specimens during oxidation, which improved the oxidation resistance of the ZrB2 ceramics.
Thermal properties of processed lunar regolith simulant
Authors: Fateri Miranda , Sottong Reinhard , Kolbe Matthias , Gamer Julie , Sperl Matthias , Cowley Aidan 
Published: May 2019

AbstractIn this paper, the thermal characterization of lunar regolith simulant, sintered using a conventional oven under ambient and vacuum conditions is presented. Additionally, thermal characterization of samples is performed for the parts manufactured using solar, laser, and microwave processing. Samples for oven sintering are prepared using regolith bulk simulant as well as simulant pressed at 255 MPa for 10 minutes. Similar experiments are performed with a mixture of Johnson Space Center (JSC)‐2A + 20 wt% of ilmenite, a common lunar mineral. Samples are characterized regarding their thermal capacity, thermal diffusivity, density, and thermal conductivity. Furthermore, sample morphology is studied using scanning electron microscopy. Lastly, processing of regolith for lunar thermal energy storage is discussed.
Tb3+as probe ion—Clustering and phase separation in borate and borosilicate glasses
Authors: Herrmann Andreas , Völksch Günter , Ehrt Doris 
Published: May 2019

AbstractVarious borate and borosilicate glasses doped with Tb3+ in a broad concentration range of 1 × 1018 to 1 × 1021 Tb3+ per cm3 (~0.01 to 10 wt% Tb2O3) were prepared and characterized by different methods. Static fluorescence excitation and emission spectra of Tb3+ in the ultraviolet‐visible range were recorded. The fluorescence decay rates of the green emission were measured and fitted. Different lifetimes dependent on different local sites of Tb3+ ions were detected. To identify these different local sites crystalline terbium borate, TbBO3, was prepared and investigated. X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and electron microscopy measurements were used. Very strong clustering effects of Tb 3+ ions were detected as preliminary stage of phase separation by formation of a very short decay rate in optically clear borate containing glasses with low optical basicity. In glass samples with phase separation, the Tb3+ ions were accumulated in the phase with higher optical basicity. The local sites of the Tb3+ ions in the clusters induce a short lifetime which is similar to the lifetime of crystalline TbBO3. Only mono‐exponential decay curves for Tb3+ fluorescence were detected in sodium borosilicate glass with high optical basicity, and in zinc borate glass, without tendency to phase separation.
Linear regression models for estimating the effect of technological factors on the sensory characteristics of goat cheeses
Authors: Ruiz Pérez‐Cacho Pilar , de la Haba Ruiz María Auxiliadora , Dios‐Palomares Rafaela , Galán‐Soldevilla Hortensia 
Published: May 2019

SummaryLinear regression models were applied to predict the effect of the breed and technological factors on the sensory characteristic of cheeses. Seventy goat cheeses from forty local producers were analysed. They represented the totality of the Andalusian cheese‐making sector (different goat breeds, type of coagulant, ripening time and heat treatment of milk). Sensory attributes of cheeses were influenced by all the factors studied. Ripening affects all sensory attributes while the breed and the heat treatment are the most influential factors on the flavour and the type of coagulant on the texture attributes of these cheeses. Linear regression models were found to be suitable for studying which factors had an independent influence on the sensory attributes of these cheeses. This work could help researchers and producers to a better sensory characterisation of their products.
Key to Effective Organizational Performance Management Lies at the Intersection of Paradox Theory and Stakeholder Theory
Authors: Pinto Jonathan 
Published: May 2019

AbstractOne of the fundamental and recurring issues in performance management is the adoption of a simplistic, short‐term, narrow, metrics‐oriented approach, which often results in unintended negative outcomes, some of which could be disastrous. This paper makes the case that the key to preventing this syndrome lies at the intersection of paradox and stakeholder theories. Both theories encourage a more complex, long‐term, holistic, balanced approach to management. Stakeholder theory focuses on addressing the many (sometimes conflicting) goals of multiple stakeholders, and paradox theory provides insights into how this challenging task (i.e. of simultaneously addressing multiple conflicting priorities) can be accomplished. Thus, the former provides the ‘what’ and the latter the ‘how’ of effective organizational performance management. Accordingly, the literature at the intersection of both theories (composed of 69 scholarly outputs), was reviewed, and in so doing, identified seven domain areas and 21 constructs, all of which implicitly deal with either performance management or its communication, thereby lending support to this paper's thesis. The implications of this review for both theory and practice, including the role of paradoxical cognitive mechanisms, is discussed.
Internet Search Intensity and Its Relation with Trading Activity and Stock Returns*
Authors: Chai Daniel , Dai Mengjia , Gharghori Philip , Hong Barbara 
Published: May 2019

AbstractUsing Google search volume as a proxy for investor attention, this paper provides evidence on the role attention plays in financial markets. We first show that abnormal Google search volume (ASVI) helps explain cross‐sectional variations in trading activity, even after controlling for its important determinants. Specifically, ASVI is positively related to trading volume, order imbalance and liquidity. When the relation between stock returns and ASVI is examined, we find a strong positive relation in the month after attention shocks and a reversal over a longer holding period. We further conjecture that the attention effect is more pronounced in stocks with higher limits to arbitrage. For this purpose, we construct a limits‐to‐arbitrage index and show that limits to arbitrage play an important role in explaining the attention effect.
Developing community capability for e‐commerce development in rural China: A resource orchestration perspective
Authors: Cui Miao , Pan Shan L. , Cui Lili 
Published: May 2019

AbstractCommunity capability enables a large number of rural citizens to cooperatively engage in e‐commerce as an e‐commerce cluster, and it thus plays a critical role in e‐commerce development in the rural regions of developing countries. Taking the resource orchestration perspective as the theoretical lens, this study investigates the process for developing community capability. Two cases of community capability development in rural Chinese villages are studied. The findings reveal two settings for community capability development—government supported and self‐orchestrated—and show that community capability is developed through the individual capabilities of lead users and the resource orchestration interactions of stakeholders. This study has theoretical implications because it reveals the importance of developing community capability by orchestrating resources beyond merely providing training and education to rural community members and because it identifies the processes for developing community capability in the two respective settings. It also extends the resource orchestration perspective from a single‐firm context to a community context by revealing the resource orchestration interactions.
Effect of CaF2, B2O3 and the CaO/SiO2 mass ratio on the viscosity and structure of B2O3‐containing calcium‐silicate‐based melts
Authors: Kim Gi Hyun , Sohn Il 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe relationship between the viscosity and structure of B2O3‐containing calcium‐silicate‐based mold fluxes and the effects of fluidizers including CaF2, CaO, and B2O3 on the viscosity and their correlation with the structural aspects were studied using a rheometer with Fourier transformation infrared and Raman spectroscopy. The viscosity decreased with increasing CaF2 addition up to 28 wt% at a fixed CaO/SiO2 ratio of 0.3, which was related to depolymerization. Furthermore, CaF2 addition also affected the apparent activation energy for viscous flow, which decreased with increasing CaF2 content to 105.1 from 151.1 kJ/mol. At higher C/S ratios, the viscosity decreased in the presence of greater Ca2+ and O2− supplied from CaO, which subsequently increased the activation energy to 149.7 from 122.0 kJ/mol. With regard to the B2O3‐melt, polymerization of the network structure was observed by comparing the B2O3‐free to 4.4 wt% B2O3 content. However, the viscosity was relatively constant with increasing B2O3 addition. However, the viscosity decreased due to greater simplification of the network structure above 4.4 wt% B2O3. The break temperature decreased with greater B2O3 addition as the crystallization was inhibited. Furthermore, the apparent activation energy decreased as depolymerization of the network structures occurred above 4.4 wt% B2O3.
The evaluation of nurse navigators in chronic and complex care
Authors: Harvey Clare , Palmer Janine , Hegney Desley , Willis Eileen , Baldwin Adele , Rees Clare , Heritage Brody , Thompson Shona , Forrest Rachel , O’Donnell Christopher , Marshall Robert , Mclellan Sandy , Sibley Jonathon , Judd Jenni , Ferguson Bridget , Bamford‐Wade Anita , Brain David 
Published: May 2019

AbstractAimWith increasing age and chronicity in populations, the need to reduce the costs of care while enhancing quality and hospital avoidance, is important. Nurse‐led co‐ordination is one such model of care that supports this approach. The aim of this research was to assess the impact that newly appointed Navigators have on service provision; social and economic impact; nurses’ professional quality of life and compassion fatigue; and analysis of the change that has occurred to models of care and service delivery.DesignA concurrent mixed‐method approach was selected to address the research aims.MethodsThe research project was funded in July 2018 and will conclude in December 2020. Several cohorts will be studied including; patients assigned to a navigator, patients not assigned to a navigator, family members of patients assigned a navigator; and a sample sized estimated at 140 navigators.DiscussionThis study provides a comprehensive international longitudinal and mixed method framework for evaluating the impact of nurse navigators on quality of care outcomes for patients with chronic conditions.Impact—What problem will the study address?Even with specialty focused co‐ordinated care, patients get lost in the system, increasing the incidence of non‐compliance and exacerbation of condition. Navigators work with patients across service boundaries allowing for care that is patient responsive, and permitting variables in clinical, social and practical elements of care to be addressed in a timely manner. This novel nurse‐led approach, supports hospital avoidance and patient self‐management, while encouraging expansion and opportunity for the nursing and midwifery workforce.
Statistics of Mendelian segregation—A mixture model
Authors: Wang Meiyue , Xu Shizhong 
Published: May 2019

AbstractMendel's law of segregation explains why genetic variation can be maintained over time. In diploid organisms, an offspring receives one allele from each parent, not just half of the blended genetic material of the parents. Which of the two alleles is received is purely random. This stochastic process generates genetic variation among members of the same family, called Mendelian segregation variance or within‐family variance. In statistics, the genetic value of a quantitative trait for an offspring follows a mixture distribution consisting of the four alleles of the two parents, guided by a Mendelian variable from each parent. The mixture model allows us to partition the total genetic variance into between‐family and within‐family variances. In the absence of inbreeding, the genetic variance splits half to the between‐family variance and half to the within‐family variance. With inbreeding, however, the between‐family variance is increased at the cost of the within‐family variance, leading to a net increase of the total genetic variance. This study defines multiple Mendelian variables and develops a mixture model of quantitative genetics. The phenomenon that allelic variance is maintained over time is guided by “the law of conservation of allelic variance” in biology, which is comparable to “the law of conservation of mass” in physics.
Interactions between ecological, evolutionary and environmental processes unveil complex dynamics of insular plant diversity
Authors: Cabral Juliano Sarmento , Wiegand Kerstin , Kreft Holger 
Published: May 2019

AbstractAimsUnderstanding how biodiversity emerges and how it varies in space and time requires integration of the underlying processes that affect biodiversity at different levels of ecological organization. We present BioGEEM (BioGeographical Eco‐Evolutionary Model), a spatially explicit model that integrates theories and processes understood to drive biodiversity dynamics. We investigated the necessary degree of mechanistic complexity by exploring simulation experiments to evaluate the relative roles of the underlying processes across spatio‐temporal scales and ecological levels (e.g. populations, species, communities).LocationHypothetical oceanic islands.MethodsBioGEEM is stochastic and grid‐based, and it integrates ecological (metabolic constraints, demography, dispersal and competition), evolutionary (mutation and speciation) and environmental (geo‐climatic dynamics) processes. Plants on oceanic islands served as a model system. We ran the simulations both with all processes on and with selected processes switched off to assess the role of each process from the emergent patterns.ResultsThe full model was able to generate patterns matching empirical evidence and theoretical expectations. Population sizes were largest on young islands, and species, particularly endemics, better filled their potential range on young and old islands due to limited area and reduced competition. Richness peaked at mid‐elevations. The proportion of endemics was highest in old, large and isolated environments within the islands. Species and trait richness showed unimodal temporal trends. Switching off selected processes led to several unrealistic patterns, including the evolution of super‐dominant species, extremely high richness and weakened spatial diversity gradients.Main conclusionsThe main predictions derived from BioGEEM are: Competition has cross‐scale effects on diversity. Hump‐shaped temporal dynamics can be obtained without speciation. Endemic species seem less susceptible to extinction than native non‐endemic species. Endemism reflects stronger geographical and environmental isolation. Finally, only the integration of all implemented processes generates realistic spatio‐temporal dynamics at population, species, community and assemblage levels.
Study on the relationship between telomere length changes and recurrence of atrial fibrillation after radiofrequency catheter ablation
Authors: Su Changyang , Liu Zheng , Gao Yuanfeng , Liu Ye , Hu Rou‐Mu , Liu Jia , Yang Xiyan , Li Shichao , Zhang Yuan , Zuo Kun , Cao Boli , Luo Jing , Li Jing , Li Kuibao , Yin Xiandong , Chen Mulei , Yang Xinchun 
Published: May 2019

AbstractIntroductionAdvanced age is the foremost risk factor for atrial fibrillation (AF). Telomere length is a surrogate for biological aging, but the association between shortened leukocyte telomere length (LTL) and recurrence of AF (RAF) after ablation remains inconclusive.MethodsIn this prospective analysis, 282 patients underwent an initial catheter ablation for paroxysmal or persistent AF. The association between RAF and LTL was analyzed by univariate and multivariate Cox regression, as well as time‐dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis and Kaplan‐Meier analysis.ResultsAfter a mean follow‐up of 14.20 ± 5.04 months, RAF was documented in 78 of the 277 patients who completed the study (28.16%). In Cox proportional hazards models, LTL, age, diagnosis to ablation time (DTAT), N‐terminal pronatriuretic peptide, and CHA2DS2‐VASc score were significantly associated with RAF. After multivariable adjustment, LTL and DTAT were predicted as independent risk factors for RAF with hazard ratio (HR) of 3.17 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.23‐8.15, P = 0.017) and 1.43 (95% CI: 1.10‐1.86, P = 0.007), respectively. In addition, ROC analysis indicated the potential diagnostic value of LTL with an area under the curve of 0.64 (P < 0.001; sensitivity = 60.3%, specificity = 57.8%), and an optimum cut‐off value of 1.040. LTL less than or equal to 1.040 was defined as shortened LTL, while LTL greater than 1.040 nonshortened LTL. Kaplan‐Meier analysis showed RAF rate curve was separated significantly between two groups (21.2% vs 35.9%, log‐rank test result P = 0.007). Patients with shortened LTL might have a higher risk for RAF with HR = 1.84 (P = 0.008).ConclusionsShortened LTL is an independent risk factor for AF recurrence. Shortened LTL could be a potential biomarker in predicting RAF after ablation.
Regeneration of alveolar ridge defects. Consensus report of group 4 of the 15th European Workshop on Periodontology on Bone Regeneration
Authors: Jepsen Søren , Schwarz Frank , Cordaro Luca , Derks Jan , Hämmerle Christoph H. F. , Heitz‐Mayfield Lisa J. , Hernández‐Alfaro Federico , Meijer Henny J. A. , Naenni Nadja , Ortiz‐Vigón Alberto , Pjetursson Bjarni , Raghoebar Gerry M. , Renvert Stefan , Rocchietta Isabella , Roccuzzo Mario , Sanz‐Sánchez Ignacio , Simion Massimo , Tomasi Cristiano , Trombelli Leonardo , Urban Istvan 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBackground and AimsBone augmentation procedures to enable dental implant placement are frequently performed. The remit of this working group was to evaluate the current evidence on the efficacy of regenerative measures for the reconstruction of alveolar ridge defects.Material and MethodsThe discussions were based on four systematic reviews focusing on lateral bone augmentation with implant placement at a later stage, vertical bone augmentation, reconstructive treatment of peri‐implantitis associated defects, and long‐term results of lateral window sinus augmentation procedures.ResultsA substantial body of evidence supports lateral bone augmentation prior to implant placement as a predictable procedure in order to gain sufficient ridge width for implant placement. Also, vertical ridge augmentation procedures were in many studies shown to be effective in treating deficient alveolar ridges to allow for dental implant placement. However, for both procedures the rate of associated complications was high. The adjunctive benefit of reconstructive measures for the treatment of peri‐implantitis‐related bone defects has only been assessed in a few RCTs. Meta‐analyses demonstrated a benefit with regard to radiographic bone gain but not for clinical outcomes. Lateral window sinus floor augmentation was shown to be a reliable procedure in the long term for the partially and fully edentulous maxilla.ConclusionsThe evaluated bone augmentation procedures were proven to be effective for the reconstruction of alveolar ridge defects. However, some procedures are demanding and bear a higher risk for post‐operative complications.