bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cost of bovine respiratory disease in preweaned calves on US beef cow–calf operations (2011–2015)
Authors: Wang Min , Schneider Liesel G. , Hubbard Kristina J. , Smith David R. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
OBJECTIVE To develop a partial budget analysis of direct costs associated with bovine respiratory disease (BRD) in preweaned calves on US beef cow–calf operations and identify factors that strongly influence those costs.
DESIGN Risk analysis model.
ANIMALS US preweaned beef calf inventory from 2011 through 2015.
PROCEDURES A stochastic simulation model was developed by use of a computer spreadsheet and add-in software. Input data were obtained from the USDA, peer-reviewed literature, and a survey of beef cow–calf producers. A simulation consisting of 10,000 iterations was used to account for either uncertainty or variability in model inputs. The median (90% confidence interval) was reported for each output variable. Global and local sensitivity analyses were performed to identify the most influential factors and quantitatively evaluate the effects of inputs on the estimated costs.
RESULTS From 2011 through 2015, BRD in preweaned calves cost the US beef cow–calf industry approximately $165 million annually, of which costs associated with the death, treatment, and decreased weaning weight of BRD-affected calves were approximately $126, $25, and $15 million, respectively.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Although BRD in preweaned calves may have a fairly small effect on the total gross income for the US beef cow–calf industry as a whole, it can have a substantial adverse effect on the net profit of BRD-affected herds. The model developed provided important information regarding the cost of BRD in preweaned calves on US beef cow–calf operations and identified factors that had an import effect on those costs.
Biomechanics of the Axel Paulsen Figure Skating Jump
Authors: Mazurkiewicz Anna , Iwańska Dagmara , Urbanik Czesław 
Published: August 2018

Abstract

Introduction
. Figure skating is a sport discipline requiring a combination of artistic and athletic skills. The triple Axel Paulsen (Axel or A) jump is the most technically difficult jump of all figure skating jumps, which is why it is on the top of the International Skating Union (ISU) Judging System Code of Points (CoP). The purpose of this research was to explore the technical differences between the single Axel (1A), the double Axel (2A), and the triple Axel (3A) and to determine which parameters are the most important for performing the triple Axel successfully, using 3D kinematic analysis.

Material and methods
. In the study, one Polish elite male junior skater was tested. Following the usual warm-up, the skater performed a series of jumps on the ice, which were recorded. Six jumps of each type were recorded (6 x 1A, 6 x 2A, and 6 x 3A). Three jumps which were the best technically were chosen for further analysis. The APAS 2000 system automatically calculated the centre of gravity of the skater (CG) and generated the kinematic data of each jump.

Results
. The skater examined jumped higher when he was about to perform more rotations in the jump. The more rotations were to be made, the higher the jump was. Although the difference between the height of 2A and 3A was less than 10% and could not be considered significant, the height of 1A was significantly lower, by over 19%, that the height of the other two jumps. As also shown by previous research, the most substantial differences in the Axel jump technique were visible in the pre-take-off and take-off phases.

Conclusions
. We observed substantial differences in the movement technique and kinematic parameters of the pre-take-off phase in the triple Axel performance compared to the performance of the other two Axels. It can be assumed that decreasing the ankle joint angle in the pre-take-off phase was most essential in achieving rotations in the Axel jump. This substantial change in ankle flexion caused greater stress on the blade before the take-off, which resulted in a reduction of vertical velocity and enabled an increase in the vertical take-off angle.
Identification of Mapping Models of Players Cooperation in Creating Point Situations in Volleyball Depending on Setter Position
Authors: Mazur Leszek , Superlak Edward 
Published: August 2018

Abstract

Introduction
. Team games, which have been studied by researchers for several years, include both individual and cooperative actions. Although cooperation is the essence of team sports, there is still a dearth of research that has thoroughly explored the process of player cooperation. The aims of the current study are to identify the models of player cooperation in creating point situations depending on the position of the setter and evaluate the efficiency of this cooperation. The process of cooperation was analysed by means of praxeological models reproducing the game, considering the efficiency of the attack and the surprise effect on the opponent’s block.

Material and methods
. A novel research method was used in this study, which is the qualitative study of unique cases. The material analysed was the observation sheets from matches played by the four best teams of the top Polish volleyball league in the 2013/14 season.

Results
. The observations yielded a large amount of data, which enabled us to identify models of cooperation in creating point situations depending on the position of the setter during the game. We also evaluated the reliability of the attack and the effectiveness of surprising the opponent’s block.

Conclusions
. Each of the teams had a specific model mapping cooperation in creating point situations depending on the position of the setter on the court. Teams achieve different levels of attack reliability as well as of the surprise effect on the opponent’s block in these interactions.
Analysis of Precipitation and Runoff Conditions in Agricultural Runoff Monitoring Sites
Authors: Siksnāne Ieva , Lagzdiņš Ainis 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
In order to assess the nature of climate change, it is important to analyze the indicators of climate variability in different scales: spatial and temporal. The analysis at different scales can lead to understanding of the nature of variations. Climate change studies are essential for comprehending the nature of global processes, to refine global climate patterns and also develop further research for natural processes (Meinke, Stone, 2005; Hulme et al., 1999). Processes in nature are united, continuous and in constant interaction. Variance of interaction types are immeasurable, types can be connected with different scales and science fields, for example, biological, ecological, physical etc. If interaction is taking place between the land and atmosphere, it is defined as hydrological interaction. As water is significantly important for many purposes on the Earth, it is relevant to analyze precipitation and water runoff on a local scale. In the territory of Latvia, the amount of precipitation exceeds the level of evapotranspiration. Long-term monitoring data show that precipitation leads to average runoff of 250 mm per year (Ziverts, 2004). The monitoring data collected at three research sites located in Latvia was used for this research including Berze (Lielupe river basin, meteorological station in Dobele), Mellupite (Venta river basin, meteorological station in Saldus monitoring) and Vienziemite (Gauja river basin, meteorological station in Zoseni). The results from this study show that there is a pronounced interaction between runoff and precipitation with an average of 53 to 82%.
Representing Regions, Challenging Bicameralism: An Introduction
Authors: Gamper Anna 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
This special issue publishes a number of conference papers presented at the conference ‘Representing Regions, Challenging Bicameralism’ that took place on 22 and 23 March 2018 at the University of Innsbruck, Austria. In this issue, the developments of European bicameral parliaments in (quasi-)federal states are dealt with as well as the political impact of shared rule and alternative models to second chambers. Several papers compare the organizational and functional design of territorial second chambers. Finally, closer examination is given to the EU’s Committee of Regions and the second chambers in Austria, Belgium, Germany, Spain, Switzerland and the UK.
The German Bundesrat and Executive Federalism
Authors: Niedobitek Matthias 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
The German Basic Law constitutes federalism as a unique political system which is characterised by intertwined decision-making of the Federation (Bund) and the component units (Länder). The executives of the two federal tiers and the Länder executives within the Bundesrat play a major role in making joint decisions. They are forced to make decisions in the ‘joint-decision mode’ (Politikverflechtung) which is detrimental to accountability. Reform efforts were made to unbundle competences and to reduce the number of bills which require the Bundesrat’s consent. Due to the dominance of the executives and the distribution of powers between the federal tiers (legislation is dominated by the Bund, execution is dominated by the Länder), German federalism is rightly called ‘executive federalism’. German federalism can even be regarded as an embodiment of that concept since it covers all possible aspects of ‘executive federalism’. The Bundesrat has an important share in that classification.
Epidemiology of Community-Acquired Sepsis in Adult Patients: A Six Year Observational Study
Authors: Grozdanovski Krsto , Milenkovikj Zvonko , Demiri Ilir , Spasovska Katerina , Cvetanovska Marija , Saveski Velimir , Grozdanovska Biljana 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Sepsis is defined as life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to an infection and it is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The aim of this study is to describe epidemiology of community-acquired sepsis in the Intensive care unit (ICU) of the Macedonian tertiary care University Clinic for Infectious Diseases. A prospective observational study was conducted over a 6-year period from January, 2011 to December, 2016. All consecutive adults with community-acquired sepsis or septic shock were included in the study. Variables measured were incidence of sepsis, age, gender, comorbidities, season, source of infection, complications, interventions, severity indexes, length of stay, laboratory findings, blood cultures, 28-day and in hospital mortality. Of 1348 admissions, 277 (20.5%) had sepsis and septic shock. The most common chronic condition was heart failure (26.4%), and the most frequent site of infection was the respiratory tract (57.4%). Median Simplified Acute Physiology Score (SAPS II) was 50.0, and median Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score was 8.0. Blood cultures were positive in 22% of the cases. Gram-positive bacteria were isolated in 13% and Gram-negatives in 9.7% of patients with sepsis. The overall 28-day and in hospital mortality was 50.5% and 56.3% respectively. The presence of chronic heart failure, occurrence of ARDS, septic shock and the winter period may influence an unfavorable outcome. Mortality compared to previous years is unchanged but patients that we have been treating these last 6 years have had more severe illnesses. Better adherence to the Surviving Sepsis guidelines will reduce mortality in this group of severely ill patients.
Personality Typology in Patients with Traumatic Limb Fractures
Authors: Trpeski Sime , Pop-Jordanova Nada 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
The notion that personality impacts health is not new. According to Grossarth-Maticek and Eysenck’s theoretical approach, the main factor for health is the ability for self-regulation, which seems to moderate the effects of some physical risk factors.
The aim of this study was to evaluate personality characteristics of patients hospitalized for traumatic limb’s fractures which have been operatively treated. To our knowledge, it is the first study of this type in the region.
The evaluated sample comprises two groups of examinees: patients hospitalized at the Traumatology Clinic for surgery after fractured limbs (N=30) and healthy people (N=120) as control, previously examined. Two psychometric tests were used: Grossarth-Maticek questionnaire and Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ).
Obtained results showed that the personality characteristics of patients with traumatic limb fractures belong generally to the “healthy type 4” of Grossarth-Maticek typology, similarly as the control. It correlates to the low N (neuroticism) and moderate E (extraversion) scales in the Eysenck typology.
We showed that gender and age highly influence the scores obtained from the questionnaire.
The type of personality could influence reactions in life situations, coping with stress and consequently to be a trigger for any disorder, even traumatic fractures
Growth Hormone Treatment in Children Born Small for Gestational Age (SGA)
Authors: Janchevska Aleksandra , Krstevska-Konstantinova Marina , Tasic Velibor , Gucev Zoran 
Published: August 2018

Abstract

Introduction: Growth failure is a common consequence in small for gestational age (SGA) children.

Patients and Methods: The growth patterns and serum insulin like growth factor 1 (IGF1) concentrations before and after the 1st year under growth hormone treatment of 32 short stature SGA born children have been evaluated. In addition, we investigated the insulin like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R) exon 2 as a hotspot for IGF1R genetic alterations. It is of note that no dysmorphic features were observed in this group of children.

Results: The tests for pituitary reserve were within normal ranges for all 32 patients. Growth hormone (GH) treatment (0.037 mg/kg/day) was initiated at the mean age of 9.32±3.19 years. Growth velocity increased yearly from −1.80 SDS after the first year to −0.03 SDS in the sixth year of treatment. Their IGF1 serum concentrations before treatment were age and sex appropriate, while during treatment a significant increase was observed fitting in the upper third of the normal range: before the treatment IGF1 SDS was 0.84±1.78 after 1st year the concentrations increased to IGF1 SDS 0.94±2.23. No genetic alterations were found in the IGF1R exon 2 by PCR analysis.

Conclusions: Herein we present 32 short stature SGA children with no dysmorphic features treated with GH. They all had increased growth velocity and entered the normal growth range on their growth charts. No side-effects were observed. GH treatment in children with no genetic alterations on the IGF1R exon 2 is safe and efficient in treating SGA children with short stature.
Milan Svoboda – The Man in Background
Authors: Pokorný Vít 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
The study represents the life and artistic career of today’s almost forgotten theatre director Milan Svoboda (1883 – 1948). It is based on the extensive Svoboda estate, located in the Theatre Department of the National Museum. It follows the artist from his amateur beginnings in Roudnice nad Labem, through his career as a pedagogue at the Prague Conservatory, theatre director at the Slovak National Theatre, guest director at the National Theatre in Prague, to his post-war effort to create high-quality stage art in the border villages abandoned by the Germans. Thanks to the substantial and rich material found in his estate, the study demonstrates the conflict of creative ideals and the desire to seek an aesthetic beauty in a world within a regimented state, grand political scheming, critics and “progressive” theatrical colleagues.
Theatrical Reflections of the Slovak Republic (1939 – 1945) in the 21st Century
Authors: Mihálová Lucia 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
The study deals with forms of the Slovak Republic (1939 – 1945) in Slovak theatre after the year 2000. We currently observe a strong dramaturgical tendency to bring to the stages the reflection of historical events from various historical periods, one of the most depicted being the period of World War II. Its thematics are found in the productions of the original theatrical plays as well as in the dramatisations of literary works. The first part of the study is devoted to delineation of the Slovak Republic (1939 – 1945) in the productions after 2000 (Tiso [Tiso], Stalo sa prvého septembra [It Happened on 1st September], Rabínka [The Female Rabbi], Holokaust [Holocaust], Povstanie [Uprising], Obchod na korze [The Shop on the Parade], Polnočná omša [Midnight Mass], Tichý bič [The Silent Whip], Kým kohút nezaspieva [Until the Cock Sings]). The second part is focused on the analysis of the selected thematic elements offered by the productions falling within this circle and which appear in the new optics of the so-called second generation.
Cuckoo inspired algorithms for feature selection in heart disease prediction
Authors: Usman Ali Muhammad , Yusof Umi Kalsom , Naim Syibrah 
Published: August 2018

Heart disease is a predominant killer disease in various nations around the globe. However, this is because the default medical diagnostic techniques are not affordable by common people. This inspires many researchers to rescue the situation by using soft computing and machine learning approaches to bring a halt to the situation. These approaches use the medical data of the patients to predict the presence of the disease or not. Although, most of these data contains some redundant and irrelevant features that need to be discarded to enhance the prediction accuracy. As such, feature selection has become necessary to enhance prediction accuracy and reduce the number of features. In this study, two different but related cuckoo inspired algorithms, cuckoo search algorithm (CSA) and cuckoo optimization algorithm (COA), are proposed for feature selection on some heart disease datasets. Both the algorithms used the general filter method during subset generation. The obtained results showed that CSA performed better than COA both concerning fewer number of features as well as prediction accuracy on all the datasets. Finally, comparison with the state of the art approaches revealed that CSA also performed better on all the datasets.
STUDI IDENTIFIKASI FAKTOR – FAKTOR YANG DAPAT MEMPENGARUHI PENGELOLAAN KEUANGAN DESA (STUDI EMPIRIS PADA SELURUH DESA DI KECAMATAN GEGESIK KABUPATEN CIREBON)
Authors: Nurhadiyati Siti 
Published: August 2018

Desa memiliki posisi yang sangat strategis, sehingga memerlukan perhatian yang seimbang terhadap penyelenggaraan otonomi daerah. Pengaturan pemerintah desa telah mengalami pergeseran paradigma utamanya dalam hal kewenangan. Dengan disahkannya UU Nomor 6 Tahun 2014 tentang Desa beserta peraturan pelaksanaannya, diharapkan segala kepentingan dan kebutuhan masyarakat desa dapat diakomodir dengan lebih baik. Besarnya dana desa yang besar akan membawa konsekuensi pertanggungjawaban yang besar pula. Sehingga pengelolaan keuangan desa yang efisien dan efektif merupakan sebuah keharusan sebagai perwujudan prinsip- prinsip good governance. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi faktor – faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi pengelolaan keuangan desa. Jenis penelitian ini termasuk ke dalam kategori basic research/penelitian dasar dengan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Data dikumpulkan dengan metode wawancara terhadap informan yang terdiri dari Kepala Desa dan Pelaksana Teknis Pengelolaan Keuangan Desa (PTPKD) terdiri dari Sekretaris Desa, Kepala Seksi dan Bendahara Desa. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa dalam penelitian ini dapat diidentifikasikan bahwa faktor – faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi pengelolaan keuangan desa dikelompokkan menjadi Faktor Pendukung dan Faktor Penghambat baik secara internal maupun eksternal. Kemudian faktor – faktor tersebut diklasifikasikan kembali kedalam dua kelompok besar yang dapat menjadi proksi Penyelenggaraan Pemerintah Desa yakni terkait dengan penyelenggaraan Administrasi Pemerintah Desa dan Pengorganisasian Pemerintah Desa. Kata kunci: Desa, Dana Desa, Pengelolaan Keuangan Desa
ANALISIS TINGKAT PENDAPATAN, PENGGUNAAN ALAT TANGKAP IKAN DAN TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP PERUBAHAN SOSIAL KEMASYARAKATAN NELAYAN STUDI KASUS: DESA MUNJUNGAGUNG KABUPATEN TEGAL
Authors: Adhayanti Hajar , Maulana Ahmad 
Published: August 2018

Munjung Agung atau Larangan merupakan salah satu desa yang berada di kecamatan Kramat, Kabupaten Tegal, Provinsi Jawa Tengah, Indonesia. Berada di pesisir laut jawa dan salah satu desa nelayan yang ada di Kabupaten Tegal. Masyarakat desa nelayan merupakan masyarakat marjinal yang menempati daerah kumuh di pinggiran kota yang berbatasan dengan laut. Namun dengan adanya perubahan penghasilan yang diterima oleh nelayan Munjung Agung terjadi perubahan sosial kemasyarakatan. Pada penelitian ini menggunakan tiga variabel dependen diantaranya tingkat pendapatan, penggunaan alat tangkap ikan dan teknologi informasi. Alat analisis mengunakan penelitian kuantitatif, dengan Data diolah menggunakan aplikasi SPSS dengan melakukan pengujian uji validitas, uji reabilitas, uji normalitas, uji homogenitas, uji regresi linier sederhana dan uji regresi linier berganda, data diperoleh dengan cara penyebaran kuesioner menjawab pernyataan yang diajukan oleh penulis kepada nelayan Desa Munjung Agung untuk mengetahui tingkat pendapatan, penggunaan alat pancing dan teknologi informasi berpengaruh terhadap perubahan sosial kemasyarakatan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat pendapatan, penggunaan alat tangkap ikan dan teknologi informasi berpengaruh signifikan terhadap perubahan sosial kemasyakatan nelayan Desa Munjung Agung Kabupaten Tegal. Kata kunci: Tingkat pendapatan, penggunaan alat tangkap ikan, teknologi informasi, dan masyarakat nelayan
Contribuições das atividades complementares na formação
Authors: Warmling Alessandra M. Ferreira , Mello Ana Lúcia S. Ferreira de , Naspolini Débora Schramm , Canto Graziela De Luca , Souza Elisa Remor de 
Published: August 2018

Objetivo: Caracterizar a inserção de atividades complementares em um curso de graduação em Odontologia, bem como sua contribuição para a formaçãoprofissional. Métodos: Trata-se de uma pesquisa transversal, exploratória, com abordagem quanti-qualitativa. O levantamento de dados deu-se a partir da aplicação de um questionário a todos os discentes do último ano do curso de graduação em Odontologia da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, durante três semestres (2011.2, 2012.1, 2012.2). Os dados quantitativos foram tabulados e analisados pormeio de análise estatística descritiva com o auxílio do aplicativo Googledocs para formulários de pesquisa. Realizaram-se, também, entrevistas em profundidade com 10 discentes que responderam ao questionário, cujos dados qualitativos foram analisadossegundo os pressupostos da Análise de Conteúdo. Resultados: Participaram da pesquisa 70 discentes; destes, 93% haviam participado de alguma atividade complementar durante a graduação. As atividadesforam realizadas principalmente na área de Odontologiaem Saúde Coletiva (67%) e se relacionavam com mais frequência a estágios e atividades de extensão. Destas atividades, 33% estavam relacionadas ao trabalho de conclusão de curso do discente, enquanto apenas 9% estavam vinculadas à pós-graduação; 65% dos discentes consideraram que a participação nestas atividades contribuiu muito para a sua formação. Os resultados obtidos através dos dados qualitativos foram agrupados em 03 categorias relativas aos Fatores que influenciam na participação dos alunos nas atividades complementares, a Importância daparticipação em atividades complementares e às Limitações na realização de atividades complementares. Conclusão: Grande parte dos discentes participou de alguma atividade complementar durante a suaformação e considerou essa participação posi tiva, indicando que o curso em questão tem disponibilizado esse tipo de oportunidade. Uma boa adequação didático-pedagógica das atividades complementares parece influenciar no modo como o aluno percebe a importância e valoriza a participação nessas atividades, como auxiliar no seu processo de ensino-aprendizagem na formação profissional em Odontologia.