bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Using sensory discrimination in a foraging-style task to evaluate human upper-limb sensorimotor performance
Authors: Beckler Dylan T. , Thumser Zachary C. , Schofield Jonathon S. , Marasco Paul D. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractObject stiffness discrimination is fundamental to shaping the way we interact with our environment. Investigating the sensorimotor mechanisms underpinning stiffness discrimination may help further our understanding of healthy and sensory-impaired upper limb function. We developed a metric that leverages sensory discrimination techniques and a foraging-based analysis to characterize participant accuracy and discrimination processes of sensorimotor control. Our metric required searching and discriminating two variants of test-object: rubber blocks and spring cells, which emphasized cutaneous-force and proprioceptive feedback, respectively. We measured the number of test-objects handled, selection accuracy, and foraging duration. These values were used to derive six indicators of performance. We observed higher discrimination accuracies, with quicker search and handling durations, for blocks compared to spring cells. Correlative analyses of accuracy, error rates, and foraging times suggested that the block and spring variants were, in fact, unique sensory tasks. These results provide evidence that our metric is sensitive to the contributions of sensory feedback, motor control, and task performance strategy, and will likely be effective in further characterizing the impact of sensory feedback on motor control in healthy and sensory-impaired populations.
Direct measurement of the mechanical properties of a chromatin analog and the epigenetic effects of para-sulphonato-calix[4]arene
Authors: Tauran Yannick , Kumemura Momoko , Tarhan Mehmet C. , Perret Grégoire , Perret Florent , Jalabert Laurent , Collard Dominique , Fujita Hiroyuki , Coleman Anthony W. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBy means of Silicon Nano Tweezers (SNTs) the effects on the mechanical properties of λ-phage DNA during interaction with calf thymus nucleosome to form an artificial chromatin analog were measured. At a concentration of 100 nM, a nucleosome solution induced a strong stiffening effect on DNA (1.1 N m−1). This can be compared to the effects of the histone proteins, H1, H2A, H3 where no changes in the mechanical properties of DNA were observed and the complex of the H3/H4 proteins where a smaller increase in the stiffness is observed (0.2 N m−1). Para-sulphonato-calix[4]arene, SC4, known for epigenetic activity by interacting specifically with the lysine groups of histone proteins, was studied for its effect on an artificial chromatin. Using a microfluidic SNT device, SC4 was titrated against the artificial chromatin, at a concentration of 1 mM in SC4 a considerable increase in stiffness, 15 N m−1, was observed. Simultaneously optical microscopy showed a physical change in the DNA structure between the tips of the SNT device. Electronic and Atomic Force microscopy confirmed this structural re-arrangement. Negative control experiments confirmed that these mechanical and physical effects were induced neither by the acidity of SC4 nor through nonspecific interactions of SC4 on DNA.
Perfusion-ventilation CT via three-material differentiation in dual-layer CT: a feasibility study
Authors: Sauter Andreas P. , Hammel Johannes , Ehn Sebastian , Achterhold Klaus , Kopp Felix K. , Kimm Melanie A. , Mei Kai , Laugerette Alexis , Pfeiffer Franz , Rummeny Ernst J. , Pfeiffer Daniela , Noël Peter B. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractDual-Energy Computed Tomography is of significant clinical interest due to the possibility of material differentiation and quantification. In current clinical routine, primarily two materials are differentiated, e.g., iodine and soft-tissue. A ventilation-perfusion-examination acquired within a single CT scan requires two contrast agents, e.g., xenon and gadolinium, and a three-material differentiation. In the current study, we have developed a solution for three-material differentiation for a ventilation-perfusion-examination. A landrace pig was examined using a dual-layer CT, and three scans were performed: (1) native; (2) xenon ventilation only; (3) xenon ventilation and gadolinium perfusion. An in-house developed algorithm was used to obtain xenon- and gadolinium-density maps. Firstly, lung tissue was segmented from other tissue. Consequently, a two-material decomposition was performed for lung tissue (xenon/soft-tissue) and for remaining tissue (gadolinium/soft-tissue). Results reveal that it was possible to differentiate xenon and gadolinium in a ventilation/perfusion scan of a pig, resulting in xenon and gadolinium density maps. By summation of both density maps, a three-material differentiation (xenon/gadolinium/soft tissue) can be performed and thus, xenon ventilation and gadolinium perfusion can be visualized in a single CT scan. In an additionally performed phantom study, xenon and gadolinium quantification showed very accurate results (r > 0.999 between measured and known concentrations).
Variation in leaf morphological, stomatal, and anatomical traits and their relationships in temperate and subtropical forests
Authors: Liu Congcong , Li Ying , Xu Li , Chen Zhi , He Nianpeng 
Published: April 2019

AbstractLeaf functional traits have attracted the attention of ecologists for several decades, but few studies have systematically assessed leaf morphological traits (termed “economic traits”), stomatal (termed “hydraulic”), and anatomical traits of entire forest communities, thus it is unclear whether their relationships are consistent among trees, shrubs, and herbs, and which anatomical traits should be assigned to economical or hydraulic traits. In this study, we collected leaf samples of 106 plant species in temperate forests and 164 plant species in subtropical forests and determined nine key functional traits. We found that functional traits differed between temperate and subtropical forests. Leaf traits also differed between different plant functional groups, irrespective of forest type; dry matter content, stomatal density, and cell tense ratio followed the order trees > shrubs > herbs, whereas specific leaf area and sponginess ratio showed the opposite pattern. The correlations of leaf traits were not consistent among trees, shrubs, and herbs, which may reflect different adaptive strategies. Principal component analysis indicated that leaf economics and hydraulic traits were uncoupled in temperate and subtropical forests, and correlations of anatomical traits and economic and hydraulic traits were weak, indicating anatomical traits should be emphasized in future studies.
Bio-compatible organic humidity sensor based on natural inner egg shell membrane with multilayer crosslinked fiber structure
Authors: Khan Muhammad Umair , Hassan Gul , Bae Jinho 
Published: April 2019

AbstractIn this paper, we propose a novel bio-compatible organic humidity sensor based on natural inner egg shell membrane (IESM) with multilayer cross linked fiber structure that can be used as a substrate as well as a sensing active layer. To fabricate the proposed sensors, two different size inter digital electrodes (IDEs) with 10 mm × 4 mm for sensor 1 and 12 mm × 6 mm for sensor 2 are printed on the surface of the IESM through Fujifilm Dimatix DMP 3000 inkjet material printing setup, which have finger width of 100 μm and space of 100 μm. The fabricated sensors stably operates in a relative humidity (RH) range between 0% RH to 90% RH, and its output impedance and capacitance response are recorded at 1 kHz and 10 kHz. The response time (Tres) and recovery time (Trec) of sensor 1 are detected as ~1.99 sec and ~8.76 sec, respectively and the Tres and Trec of sensor 2 are recorded as ~2.32 sec and ~9.21 sec, respectively. As the IESM for the humidity sensor, the natural materials can be implemented in our daily life as they open a new gate way for bio-compatible devices.
Medikamentös induzierte Schlafendoskopien bei Kindern mit
OSA: Standards fehlen
Authors: Wiater Alfred 
Published: April 2019

Tejan J et al. Comparative Assessment of Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy Scoring
Systems in Pediatric Sleep Apnea. Laryngoscope 2019; doi: 10.1002/lary.27829
Eine Vielzahl von medikamenteninduzierten Schlafendoskopie-Scoring-Systemen
(DISE) werden zur Beurteilung von Problemzonen im oberen Atemweg bei Kindern
und Erwachsenen eingesetzt. Ein allgemein anerkanntes DISE-Scoring-System
für Kinder wurde jedoch bisher nicht entwickelt. Texanische Ärzte bewerteten
den Nutzen von DISE-Scoring-Systemen zur Beurteilung der obstruktiven
Schlafapnoe (OSA) bei pädiatrischen Patienten.
Hochintensives Intervalltraining in der Sporttherapie von übergewichtigen und adipösen Jugendlichen – ein Überblicksartikel
Authors: Engel Florian A. , Oestreich Jannik , Donath Lars , Kunz Philipp , Sperlich Billy 
Published: April 2019

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Hochintensives Intervalltraining (HIIT) wurde als zeiteffiziente Alternative zum traditionellen niedrigintensiven Ausdauertraining in der Bewegungstherapie von chronischen Erkrankungen identifiziert.
Ziel Analyse der Effekte von Trainingsinterventionen mit HIIT auf für Übergewicht relevante Parameter bei Jugendlichen.
Methoden Eine computerbasierte Literaturrecherche in der elektronischen Datenbank PubMed wurde 2017 durchgeführt. Kontrolliert-randomisierte „peer-reviewed“ Originalarbeiten, welche die Auswirkungen von HIIT Trainingsintervention auf die für Übergewicht relevanten Parameter (z. B. Körpergewicht, Körperzusammensetzung, kardiometabolische Risikofaktoren) bei übergewichtigen und adipösen Jugendlichen (11–18 Jahre) analysierten, wurden berücksichtigt.
Ergebnisse 12 Studien (567 Teilnehmer / innen, Alter: 14,8 ± 1,3 Jahre) wurden analysiert. Die Mehrzahl der Studien erzielte mittels HIIT eine signifikante und praktisch relevante Reduzierung von Körpermasse, Körperfettgehalt, Body Mass Index, eine Verbesserung der kardiorespiratorischen Fitness sowie eine Reduktion von spezifischen Risikofaktoren wie Homeostasis model assessement für Insulinresistenz (HOMA-IR), Cholesterin oder Blutdruck. Der Vergleich der durchschnittlichen zeitlichen Dauer einer Trainingseinheit ergibt eine unwesentlich kürzere Dauer von HIIT (35,7 ± 5,1 min) gegenüber den Trainingseinheiten in den Kontrollgruppen (37,5 ± 8,1 min).
Schlussfolgerungen Das Review macht deutlich, dass übergewichtige Jugendliche durch Trainingsinterventionen mit HIIT die Risikofaktoren für kardiovaskuläre und metabolische Erkrankungen signifikant reduzieren können. Die Integration von HIIT in die sportbasierte Behandlung von übergewichtigen Jugendlichen scheint eine effektive Methode zu sein, um gesundheitswirksame Anpassungen zu erzielen.
Report of Two Novel Mutations in Indian Patients with Rothmund–Thomson Syndrome
Authors: Yadav Sakshi , Thakur Seema , Kohlhase Juergen , Bhari Neetu , Kabra Madhulika , Gupta Neerja 
Published: April 2019

AbstractRothmund–Thomson syndrome (RTS) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations in RECQL4 and has characteristic clinical features. We report two unrelated phenotypically diverse patients (cases 1 and 2) with RTS having novel variants in RECQL4 gene. Case-1 was evaluated for poor growth and recurrent fractures and skin lesions. Case-2 presented at 4 months with failure to thrive and radial ray defect and developed poikilodermatous skin lesions after infancy. Both cases were confirmed to have homozygous pathogenic variants in RECQL4. Both patients have normal intellect and are on supportive therapy. The presence of characteristic poikiloderma lesions with specific distribution and skeletal anomalies in a patient with proportionate short stature is a clue toward the diagnosis of RTS.
Prevalence, Risk Factors and Outcome of Postoperative Tibial Tuberosity Fractures in Dogs Undergoing Triple Tibial Osteotomy Surgery
Authors: de la Puerta Benito , Rossanese Matteo , Emmerson Terry 
Published: April 2019

Objective The aim of this study was to report the prevalence and to identify the risk factors associated with postoperative tibial tuberosity fracture following a triple tibial osteotomy. This article also evaluates the outcome of these patients treated conservatively.
Materials and Methods Medical records of 100 dogs (113 limbs) that underwent triple tibial osteotomy procedure were evaluated. Information obtained included signalment, preoperative, immediate postoperative and 6-week postoperative radiographic findings, intraoperative and postoperative complications. Long-term outcome was assessed using an owner questionnaire.
Results Postoperative tibial tuberosity fracture was identified in 25/113 stifles. The only variable associated with the presence or absence of postoperative tibial tuberosity fracture within 6 weeks of surgery was postoperative cortical hinge width (CHW) or an indexed value of CHW to tibial width (TW). Using either a cut-off value of CHW of ≥ 5.5 mm or a cut-off value of CHW/TW of ≥ 0.21, only 1/27 stifle in our study developed tibial tuberosity fracture. Long-term owner evaluation of outcome was considered excellent or good in 65/70 stifles.
Conclusion A narrow CHW at the distal cortical attachment of the tibial crest had a strong association with the development of postoperative tibial tuberosity fracture. No other patient or surgical variables were associated with tibial tuberosity fracture. Patients that developed tibial tuberosity fracture and were conservatively managed did not have a worse clinical outcome than patients that did not develop tibial tuberosity fracture.
Spatial Subchondral Bone Density Reflecting Joint Loading of the Talus in Different Canidae
Authors: Dingemanse Walter , Gielen Ingrid , van Bree Henri , Müller-Gerbl Magdalena , Krstić Nikola , Mitrović Marko , Ćirović Duško , Lazarević Macanović Mirjana 
Published: April 2019

Objective Subchondral bone density distribution can be used to study joint biomechanics non-invasively. Differences in joint loading between related species can aid in the understanding of joint loading and the development of certain types of orthopaedic pathology. This study was conducted to evaluate density distribution in the subchondral bone of the talus of different Canidae species, as a parameter reflecting the long-term joint loading in the tarsocrural joint.
Materials and Methods The tarsal joints of cadaveric dogs of different breeds were included, that is, German Shepherd (n = 5), Bouvier des Flandres (n = 3) and Labrador Retriever (n = 6).Additionally, golden jackals (n = 5) (Canis aureus) and wolves (n = 5) (Canis lupus) were included. Consecutive computed tomography slices were made and the subchondral bone density distribution was evaluated using computer tomographic osteoabsorptiometry. Different breeds and species were visually compared.
Results Differences were found in the subchondral bone density distribution of the talus between breeds and between species (Canis familiaris, Canis lupus and Canis aureus).
Discussion and Conclusion Based on the density distribution, there are differences in loading conditions of the tarsocrural joint in different species of Canidae. The joint loading distribution is very similar between dogs of the same breed and within the same species. Although between-breed differences can be explained by conformational differences, the between-species differences remain subject to further research.
The timing of scaffolding characteristics in mathematics learning
Authors: Widjajanti K , Nusantara T , As’ari A R , Irawati S 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
The concept of scaffolding in the learning process refers to teacher support of all students in the classroom in solving the problem. The heterogeneity of the students’ academic ability in the classroom affects the teacher’s consideration in providing scaffolding to mathematics learning. Scaffolding is given when the student needs support. This qualitative research aims to describe the timing of scaffolding characteristics in mathematics learning based on the academic ability of students. This case study approach presents the investigation of the timing of scaffolding implementation based on students’ academic ability in learning integrals. Subjects in this study weretwo experienced teachers of 12th graders from two schools in Malang, Indonesia. Their students consisted of different levels of academic ability students; low, moderate, and high. The results showed that there were three characteristics of the timing of scaffolding based on the academic ability students; immediate scaffolding for low-ability students, partly delayed scaffolding for moderate-ability students, and fully delayed scaffolding for high-ability students. This study complements the existing scaffolding characteristics.
Ettawah Crossed Bred production on Hibiscus rosa-sinensis leaves supplementation in daily ration
Authors: Hidayati A , Fitriani A , Dwi Choiria R 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
This research had run during dry seasons in the farm of farmer in Tulungagung District, East Java Province of Indonesia for 3 months. This study was carried out for measurements for average daily gain (ADG), dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM) and Crude Protein (CP) consumptions and digestibility, also feed convertion ratio (FCR) on the effect of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis(H r-s) leaves supplementation in daily ration for Ettawah Crossed Bred Goats (ECBG). The experiment method was used in this study and 12 (twelve) heads of ECBG in average of weight 17.33 ± 0.33 kg and 8 months age as the object of research. The ECBGs were divided into 3 groups of treatment supplementation level in main ration. Individual cages were used in this research. The Level of H r-s leaves as supplement were 0% (P0); 2% (P1) and 4% (P2) based on total DM ration. Data of nutirent consumption were collected dail, data of nutrient digestibility were collected during 1 week in the and of research used in vivo technique. The results, Level of supplementation of H r-s leaves giving significantly different (P≤0.05) on ADG.The highest ADG in P2 which was the highest level of supplementation of H rosa-sinensis leaves. That was strongly indicate that leaf of H r-s in the daily ration especially in 4% level giving impact to metabolism especially in absorption and support to animals for growing fast. From the resulr of FCR, ration for ECBG have to evaluation for ration formulate using Hibiscus rosa sinensis leaves as supplement or substitute in ration especially for having ADG better and decrease FCR value.
Large-area printed organic electronic ion pumps
Authors: Cherian Dennis , Armgarth Astrid , Beni Valerio , Linderhed Ulrika , Tybrandt Klas , Nilsson David , Simon Daniel T , Berggren Magnus 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Biological systems use a large variety of ions and molecules of different sizes for signaling. Precise electronic regulation of biological systems therefore requires an interface which translates the electronic signals into chemically specific biological signals. One technology for this purpose that has been developed during the last decade is the organic electronic ion pump (OEIP). To date, OEIPs have been fabricated by micropatterning and labor-intensive manual techniques, hindering the potential application areas of this promising technology. Here we show, for the first time, fully screen-printed OEIPs. We demonstrate a large-area printed design with manufacturing yield >90%. Screen-printed cation- and anion-exchange membranes are both demonstrated with promising ion selectivity and performance, with transport verified for both small ions (Na+, K+, Cl–) and biologically-relevant molecules (the cationic neurotransmitter acetylcholine, and the anionic anti-inflammatory salicylic acid). These advances open the ‘iontronics’ toolbox to the world of printed electronics, paving the way for a broader arena for applications.
Climate change in Lamjung District, Nepal: meteorological evidence, community perceptions, and responses
Authors: Joshi Anuska , Farquhar Samantha , Assareh Nosha , Dahlet Lol , Landahl Erik 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Climate change is a global threat which has particularly strong impacts on countries whose economies are highly dependent on agriculture and still developing--like Nepal. As these impacts increase, there is a need to understand how those most vulnerable are experiencing and reacting to climate change. As such, this study aims to understand the effects of climate change via changes in atmospheric conditions in Bansar Village Development Committee, a rural community located in Lamjung District, and document community-led adaptation strategies. Household surveys and focused group discussions were conducted in conjunction with long-term meteorological data. Results show the temperature has increased significantly in the study area. Additionally, precipitation has increased in the pre-monsoon, monsoon, and post-monsoon season while it has decreased in winter leading to droughts. The probability of erratic rainfall occurrence and severe weather such as hailstorms has also increased. Lastly, invasive species have been reported and observed. The combination of these impacts has led to increased crop failure and consequently decreased agricultural production thus threatening the livelihoods of this agricultural based community. However, Bansar residents are actively working to adapt to and mitigate the effects of climate change. Their responses include changing farming methods and installing new water infrastructure.
Deposition of graphene and related nanomaterials by dynamic spray-gun method: a new route to implement nanomaterials in real applications
Authors: Bondavalli Paolo , Pribat Didier , Legagneux Pierre , Martin Marie-Blandine , Hamidouche Louiza , Qassym Lilia , Feugnet Gilles , Trompeta Aikaterini-Flora , Charitidis Constantinos A 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
The dynamic spray-gun deposition method was developed in 2006 to fabricate field effect transistors based on random arrays of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) field effect transistors for gas sensing applications. Thanks to this deposition method, we were able to fabricate hundreds of operational devices in a reproducible way that were integrated in electronic chips. Following this first implementation, we decided to widen the application of the deposition technique to the field of Energy and specifically to the fabrication of supercapacitors. In this context, we demonstrated in 2012 the fabrication of nanostructured electrodes for supercapacitors, using mixtures of graphene/graphite and CNTs increasing the device capacitance and the power delivered of a factor 2.5 compared to CNT based electrochemical-double-layer-capacitors. Indeed, with high quality graphene we could reach a value of around 100 W Kg−1. This value is extremely promising also considering that it has been obtained with an industrially suitable technique. This dynamic spray-gun deposition has been also exploited for the fabrication of resistance based random access memories, making use of thin layers of graphene oxide and of oxidized carbon nanofibers. In the first case, 5000 cycles of ‘write’ and ‘read’ phases were demonstrated. These results pave the way for the fabrication of very low cost memories that can be embedded in smart-cards, patches for health monitoring (e.g. diabetes), ID cards, RFID tags and more generally smart packaging. Finally we are also working on the utilization of this technique for the fabrication of layers for electro-magnetic interference shielding application. Thanks to a new machine with four nozzles, developed within the frame of the Graphene Flagship project, we are able to deposit four different nanomaterials at the same time or alternatively on a large surface (30 cm × 30 cm) creating specific nano-structuration and therefore ad hoc architectures allowing the smart absorption of specific frequencies (e.g. X-band). All these applications demonstrate the extreme versatility of this technique that constitutes a real breakthrough for exploiting the nanomaterials characteristics in real devices, using an industrial suitable fabrication method that can be implemented using roll-to-roll technique.