bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Precise radial velocities of giant stars
Authors: Stock Stephan , Reffert Sabine , Quirrenbach Andreas 
Published: August 2018

Context. The determination of accurate stellar parameters of giant stars is essential for our understanding of such stars in general and as exoplanet host stars in particular. Precise stellar masses are vital for determining the lower mass limit of potential substellar companions with the radial velocity method, but also for dynamical modeling of multiplanetary systems and the analysis of planetary evolution.
Aims. Our goal is to determine stellar parameters, including mass, radius, age, surface gravity, effective temperature and luminosity, for the sample of giants observed by the Lick planet search. Furthermore, we want to derive the probability of these stars being on the horizontal branch (HB) or red giant branch (RGB), respectively.
Methods. We compare spectroscopic, photometric and astrometric observables to grids of stellar evolutionary models using Bayesian inference.
Results. We provide tables of stellar parameters, probabilities for the current post-main sequence evolutionary stage, and probability density functions for 372 giants from the Lick planet search. We find that 81% of the stars in our sample are more probably on the HB. In particular, this is the case for 15 of the 16 planet host stars in the sample. We tested the reliability of our methodology by comparing our stellar parameters to literature values and find very good agreement. Furthermore, we created a small test sample of 26 giants with available asteroseismic masses and evolutionary stages and compared these to our estimates. The mean difference of the stellar masses for the 24 stars with the same evolutionary stages by both methods is only ΔM = 〈Mtrk. − MAst.〉 = 0.01 ± 0.20 M⊙.
Conclusions. We do not find any evidence for large systematic differences between our results and estimates of stellar parameters based on other methods. In particular we find no significant systematic offset between stellar masses provided by asteroseismology to our Bayesian estimates based on evolutionary models.
Formation of a planetary Laplace resonance through migration in an eccentric disk
Authors: Cimerman Nicolas P. , Kley Wilhelm , Kuiper Rolf 
Published: August 2018

Context. Orbital mean motion resonances in planetary systems originate from dissipative processes in disk-planet interactions that lead to orbital migration. In multi-planet systems that host giant planets, the perturbation of the protoplanetary disk strongly affects the migration of companion planets.
Aims. By studying the well-characterized resonant planetary system around GJ 876 we aim to explore which effects shape disk-driven migration in such a multi-planet system to form resonant chains.
Methods. We modelled the orbital migration of three planets embedded in a protoplanetary disk using two-dimensional locally isothermal hydrodynamical simulations. In order to explore the effect of several disk characteristics, we performed a parameter study by varying the disk thickness, α viscosity, mass as well as the initial position of the planets. Moreover, we have carefully analysed and compared simulations with various boundary conditions at the disk’s inner rim.
Results. We find that due to the high masses of the giant planets in this system, substantial eccentricity can be excited in the disk. This results in large variations of the torque acting on the outer lower mass planet, which we attribute to a shift of Lindblad and corotation resonances as it approaches the eccentric gap that the giants create. Depending on disk parameters, the migration of the outer planet can be stopped at the gap edge in a non-resonant state. In other models, the outer planet is able to open a partial gap and to circularize the disk again, later entering a 2:1 resonance with the most massive planet in the system to complete the observed 4:2:1 Laplace resonance.
Conclusions. Disk-mediated interactions between planets due to spiral waves and excitation of disk eccentricity by massive planets cause deviations from smooth inward migration of exterior lower mass planets. Self-consistent modelling of the disk-driven migration of multi-planet systems is thus mandatory. Constraints can be placed on the properties of the disk during the migration phase, based on the observed resonant state of the system. Our results are compatible with a late migration of the outermost planet into the resonant chain, when the giant planet pair already is in resonance.
Bibliography, catalogs, pixel data: Management of heterogeneous Big Data at CDS by the documentalists
Authors: Buga M. , Fernique P. , Bot C. , Allen M. G. , Bonnarel F. , Brouty M. 
Published: August 2018

High speed Internet and the evolution of data storage space in terms of cost-effectiveness has changed the way data are managed today. Large amounts of heterogeneous data can now be visualized easily and rapidly using interactive applications such as “Google Maps”. In this respect, the Hierarchical Progressive Survey (HiPS) method has been developed by the Centre de Données astronomiques de Strasbourg (CDS) since 2009. HiPS uses the hierarchical sky tessellation called HEALPix to describe and organize images, data cubes or source catalogs. These HiPS can be accessed and visualized using applications such as Aladin.
We show that structuring the data using HiPS enables easy and quick access to large and complex sets of astronomical data. As with bibliographic and catalog data, full documentation and comprehensive metadata are absolutely required for pertinent usage of these data. Hence the role of documentalists in the process of producing HiPS is essential. We present the interaction between documentalists and other specialists who are all part of the CDS team and support this process. More precisely, we describe the tools used by the documentalists to generate HiPS or to update the Virtual Observatory standardized descriptive information (the “metadata”). We also present the challenges faced by the documentalists processing such heterogeneous data on the scales of megabytes up to petabytes.
On one hand, documentalists at CDS manage small size textual or numerical data for one or few astronomical objects. On the other hand, they process large data sets such as big catalogs containing heterogeneous data like spectra, images or data cubes, for millions of astronomical objects. Finally, by participating in the development of an interactive visualization of images or three-dimensional data cubes using the HiPS method, documentalists contribute to a long-term management of complex, large astronomical data.
VizieR catalogue system certified by the Data Seal of Approval
Authors: Landais Gilles , Genova Françoise , Hangouët Jean-Yves ,   Team Vizie R
Published: August 2018

Astronomy is a fertile environment with collaborations leading to the elaboration of disciplinary standards. Deploying standards in data centers can be beneficial for long term preservation and it puts the discipline in the open data era.
VizieR [1] is the CDS service dedicated to catalogues. It gathers data and tables, but also associated data like spectra or images coming from published papers or collaborations with various agencies. VizieR gives access to data through services to the astronomical community and preserves data for the long term. Several years ago, it became clear that it was worth applying for an external evaluation to certify that VizieR is a trustable data repository.
The Data Seal of Approval (DSA) [2] is granted to repositories that are committed to archiving and providing access to scholarly research in a sustainable way. CDS applied to the DSA in particular for the VizieR catalogue service. The VizieR information system is based on accurate data documentation provided by specialists. The data life cycle from ingestion to access and preservation is presented, with reference to the Open Archive Information System (OAIS [3]).
Ustekinumab – eine Standortbestimmung
Authors: Siegmund Britta , Högenauer Christoph , Novacek Gottfried , Petritsch Wolfgang , Reinisch Walter , Schoepfer Alain , Schreiber Stefan , Vavricka Stephan , Bokemeyer Bernd ,   für die IBD-Dach-Gruppe
Published: August 2018

ZusammenfassungDie vorliegende Übersicht der IBD-Dach-Gruppe legt eine Übersicht zu Wirkmechanismus, klinischer Entwicklung, Zulassung, Wirksamkeit und Sicherheitsaspekten des neuen Anti-p40-Antikörpers Ustekinumab vor, der für die Therapie des moderaten bis schweren Morbus Crohn zugelassen ist. Die Arbeit fasst die aktuelle Datenlage zusammen und enthält somit sowohl die Daten der Zulassungsstudien als auch die Daten aus kleineren und auch fachübergreifenden Arbeiten, mit denen die Aspekte zu besonderen Situationen diskutiert werden können. Alle Arbeiten zusammen zeigen, dass mit Ustekinumab eine wirksame und sichere Option für den Morbus Crohn zur Verfügung steht.
Endothelial Cells Harbouring the JAK2V617F Mutation Display Pro-Adherent and Pro-Thrombotic Features
Authors: Guadall Anna , Lesteven Elodie , Letort Gil , Awan Toor Sarah , Delord Marc , Pognant Doriane , Brusson Mégane , Verger Emmanuelle , Maslah Nabih , Giraudier Stéphane , Larghero Jerome , Vanneaux Valerie , Chomienne Christine , El Nemer Wassim , Cassinat Bruno , Kiladjian Jean-Jacques 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThromboembolic events are the main cause of mortality in BCR-ABL1-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) but their underlying mechanisms are largely unrecognized. The Janus kinase 2 (JAK2)V617F mutation is the most frequent genetic alteration leading to MPN. Usually found in haematopoietic progenitors and stem cells, this mutation has also been described in endothelial cells (ECs) of MPN patients. In this study, we have questioned the impact of the JAK2V617F mutation on EC phenotype and functions. We developed an induced pluripotent stem cells strategy to compare JAK2 mutant and wild-type ECs. Transcriptomic assays showed that several genes and pathways involved in inflammation, cell adhesion and thrombotic events were over-represented in JAK2V617F ECs and expression levels of von Willebrand factor and P-selectin (CD62P) proteins were increased. Finally, we found that leucocytes from MPN patients adhere more tightly to JAK2V617F ECs. Our results show that JAK2V617F ECs have a pro-inflammatory and pro-thrombotic phenotype and were functionally pro-adherent.
How children come to understand false beliefs: A shared intentionality account
Authors: Tomasello Michael 
Published: August 2018

SignificanceIn coming to understand minds, the greatest challenge for young children is understanding when others have a false belief. Why is that person searching for the toy over there when it is really over here? There is currently much controversy about when children come to this understanding because experiments of different types yield different results. This paper attempts to resolve the controversy by integrating theory and data in a different way. Specifically, the paper argues that young children do not just come to imagine what is in other minds on their own; rather, they come to this understanding through certain types of social and communicative interactions with others that require them to compare their respective perspectives.
Distinct fNIRS-Derived HbO2 Trajectories During the Course and Over Repeated Walking Trials Under Single- and Dual-Task Conditions: Implications for Within Session Learning and Prefrontal Cortex Efficiency in Older Adults
Authors: Holtzer Roee , Izzetoglu Meltem , Chen Michelle , Wang Cuiling 
Published: August 2018

Abstract

Background
Neural trajectories of gait are not well established. We determined two distinct, clinically relevant neural trajectories, operationalized via functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) HbO2 measures in the prefrontal cortex (PFC), under Single-Task-Walk (STW), and Dual-Task-Walk (DTW) conditions. Course trajectory assessed neural activity associated with attention during the course of a walking task; the second trajectory assessed neural activity associated with learning over repeated walking trials. Improved neural efficiency was defined as reduced PFC HbO2 after practice.

Methods
Walking was assessed under STW and DTW conditions. fNIRS was utilized to quantify HbO2 in the PFC while walking. Burst measurement included three repeated trials for each experimental condition. The course of each walking task consisted of six consecutive segments.

Results
Eighty-three nondemented participants (mean age = 78.05 ± 6.37 years; %female = 49.5) were included. Stride velocity (estimate = −0.5259 cm/s, p = &lt;.0001) and the rate of correct letter generation (log estimate of rate ratio = −0.0377, p &lt; .0001) declined during the course of DTW. In contrast, stride velocity (estimate = 1.4577 cm/s, p &lt; .0001) and the rate of correct letter generation (log estimate of rate ratio = 0.0578, p &lt; .0001) improved over repeated DTW trials. Course and trial effects were not significant in STW. HbO2 increased during the course of DTW (estimate = 0.0454 μM, p &lt; .0001) but declined over repeated trials (estimate = −0.1786 μM, p &lt; .0001). HbO2 declined during the course of STW (estimate = −.0542 μM, p &lt; .0001) but did not change significantly over repeated trials.

Conclusion
We provided evidence for distinct attention (course) and learning (repeated trials) trajectories and their corresponding PFC activity. Findings suggest that learning and improved PFC efficiency were demonstrated in one experimental session involving repeated DTW trials.
Debunking Millar v. Taylor: The History of the Prohibition of Legislative History
Authors: Magyar John J 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
The generally accepted belief about the rule prohibiting recourse to legislative history as an aid to statutory interpretation is that it began in the case of Millar v.Taylor in 1769, and it was followed thereafter in England and throughout the United States through to the 20th century. However, all four judges on the panel in Millar v.Taylor considered evidence from the Journal of the House of Commons and changes made to the relevant bill in their opinions. Meanwhile, the case was widely cited for several substantive and procedural matters throughout the 19th century, but it was not cited by a judge as a precedent for the rule against legislative history until 1887. A careful examination of the relevant cases and secondary literature from the 18th and 19th centuries reveals a much more nuanced and complex history to the rule. Its emergence becomes less clear because it is shrouded in judicial silence. Its beginnings must be inferred from a general and often unarticulated principle that lawyers felt free to disregard. Furthermore, the development, refinement, and decline of the rule followed a different timeline in England, the US federal courts and the state courts.
Matrix stiffness regulates vascular integrity through focal adhesion kinase activity
Authors: Wang Wenjun , Lollis Emmanuel M. , Bordeleau François , Reinhart-King Cynthia A. 
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACTTumor vasculature is known to be more permeable than the vasculature found in healthy tissue, which in turn can lead to a more aggressive tumor phenotype and impair drug delivery into tumors. While the stiffening of the stroma surrounding solid tumors has been reported to increase vascular permeability, the mechanism of this process remains unclear. Here, we utilize an in vitro model of tumor stiffening, ex ovo culture, and a mouse model to investigate the molecular mechanism by which matrix stiffening alters endothelial barrier function. Our data indicate that the increased endothelial permeability caused by heightened matrix stiffness can be prevented by pharmaceutical inhibition of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) both in vitro and ex ovo. Matrix stiffness‐mediated FAK activation determines Src localization to cell‐cell junctions, which then induces increased vascular endothelial Cadherin phosphorylation both in vitro and in vivo. Endothelial cells in stiff tumors have more activated Src and higher levels of phosphorylated vascular endothelial Cadherin at adherens junctions compared to endothelial cells in more compliant tumors. Altogether, our data indicate that matrix stiffness regulates endothelial barrier integrity through FAK activity, providing one mechanism by which extracellular matrix stiffness regulates endothelial barrier function. Additionally, our work also provides further evidence that FAK is a promising potential target for cancer therapy because FAK plays a critical role in the regulation of endothelial barrier integrity.—Wang, W., Lollis, E. M., Bordeleau, F., Reinhart‐King, C. A. Matrix stiffness regulates vascular integrity through focal adhesion kinase activity. FASEB J. 33, 1199–1208 (2019). www.fasebj.org
Feedback between membrane tension, lipid shape and curvature in the formation of packing defects
Authors: Pinot M. , Vanni S. , Ambroggio E. , Guet D. , Goud B. , Manneville J.-B. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractLipid packing defects favor the binding of proteins to cellular membranes by creating spaces between lipid head groups that allow the insertion of amphipathic helices or lipid modifications. The density of packing defects in a lipid membrane is well known to increase with membrane curvature and in the presence of conical-shaped lipids. In contrast, the role of membrane tension in the formation of lipid packing defects has been poorly investigated. Here we use a combination of numerical simulations and experiments to measure the effect of membrane tension on the density of lipid packing defects. We first monitor the binding of ALPS (amphipathic lipid packing sensor) to giant unilamellar vesicles and observe a striking periodic binding of ALPS that we attribute to osmotically-induced membrane tension and transient membrane pore formation. Using micropipette aspiration experiments, we show that a high membrane tension induces a reversible increase in the density of lipid packing defects. We next focus on packing defects induced by lipid shape and show that conical lipids generate packing defects similar to that induced by membrane tension and enhance membrane deformation due to the insertion of the ALPS helix. Both cyclic ALPS binding and the cooperative effect of ALPS binding and conical lipids on membrane deformation result from an interplay between helix insertion and lipid packing defects created by membrane tension, conical lipids and/or membrane curvature. We propose that feedback mechanisms involving membrane tension, lipid shape and membrane curvature play a crucial role in membrane deformation and intracellular transport events.
Role of sciatic nerve stiffness in surgical decision making and follow up in patients with deep gluteal syndrome
Authors: Stajic Sava , Vojvodic Aleksandar , Carro Luis Perez , Mihailovic Jelena , Gasic Milos , Lukic Gordana 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe study shows the relevance of sciatic nerve stiffness assessed by strain elastography using ARFI (Acoustic Radiation Force Impulse) for surgical decision making and the follow up of patients with deep gluteal syndrome (DGS). The research focuses on nerve stiffness associated with knee movements in order to determine the degree of nerve entrapment. Neurological examination, MRI of pelvis and electromyography (EMG) were performed as well. The sciatic nerve was scanned by ARFI (strain) elastography during knee movements in patients with DGS (143). In 54 patients surgical treatment was indicated, while 24 of them underwent surgery. The results were based on tissue response to ARFI by color elastogram and stiffness ratio. Diameters of the sciatic nerve in patients with DGS during knee flexion were statistically significantly lower than during extension movement (p<0.01). In patients with DGS (in ones without indication and the ones scheduled for surgery) sciatic nerve stiffness ratio was significantly increased (p<0.01) during knee flexion. Patients scheduled for surgery confirmed increased sciatic nerve stiffness during knee movements, compared with those without indications for surgery (p<0.05). Sciatic nerve recovery after surgery by diameter and stiffness ratio was marked (r=0.881). The correlation between MRI and EMG findings and ARFI nerve stiffness values in patients scheduled for surgery was high (r=0.963). The overall specificity of method was 93.5%, sensitivity was 88.9% with accuracy of 90.6%. ARFI elastography (by strain) is a diagnostic procedure based on nerve stiffness assessment and a useful tool in decision making for surgery and the follow up.
Cancer cell CCR2 orchestrates suppression of the adaptive immune response
Authors: Fein Miriam R. , He Xue-Yan , Almeida Ana S. , Bružas Emilis , Pommier Arnaud , Yan Ran , Eberhardt Anaïs , Fearon Douglas T. , Van Aelst Linda , Wilkinson John Erby , dos Santos Camila O. , Egeblad Mikala 
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACTC-C chemokine receptor type 2 (CCR2) is expressed on monocytes and facilitates their recruitment to tumors. Though breast cancer cells also express CCR2, its functions in these cells are unclear. We found thatCcr2deletion in cancer cells led to reduced tumor growth and ∼2-fold longer survival in an orthotopic, isograft breast cancer mouse model. Deletion ofCcr2in cancer cells resulted in multiple alterations associated with better immune control: increased infiltration and activation of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) and CD103+ cross-presenting dendritic cells (DCs), as well as upregulation of MHC class I and downregulation of checkpoint regulator PD-L1 on the cancer cells. Pharmacological or genetic targeting of CCR2 increased cancer cell sensitivity to CTLs and enabled the cancer cells to induce DC maturation toward the CD103+ subtype. Consistently,Ccr2−/−cancer cells did not induce immune suppression inBatf3−/−mice lacking CD103+ DCs. Our results establish that CCR2 signaling in cancer cells can orchestrate suppression of the immune response.SummaryC-C chemokine receptor type 2 (CCR2) expressed on monocytes facilitates their recruitment to tumors. Here, CCR2 signaling in cancer cells is shown to suppress immune control of tumors, in part by reducing CD103+ dendritic cell recruitment.