bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Abstract 393: Differential Regulation of Lipoprotein Assembly and Secretion and Mtp Expression in Intestinal and Hepatic Cells by Oleoylethanolamide
Authors: Pan Xiaoyue , Hussain Mahmood M 
Published: March 2019

Dietary fat triggers synthesis of OEA in enterocytes of the upper small intestine. OEA initiates a cascade of events to optimize fatty acid uptake and reduce feeding frequency. Effects of OEA have been studied after oral gavage and intraperitoneal injections. Here, we studied dose dependent effects of OEA on the assembly and secretion of lipoproteins in differentiated human colon carcinoma Caco-2, human hepatoma Huh-7 and HepG2 cells as well as in mouse primary enterocytes and hepatocytes. Differentiated Caco-2 cells were treated with OEA or oleic acid for 16 h. OEA increased synthesis of triglycerides in dose dependent manner compared with oleic acid:taurocholate micelles. Further, OEA increased secretion of triglycerides and apolipoprotein B (apoB) in chylomicrons. Expression and activity of microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTP) was increased by OEA in a dose dependent manner in these cells. Next, mouse primary enterocytes were incubated with OEA or oleic acid for 4 h. OEA increased MTP activity and secretion of triglycerides in these cells as well. These studies suggest that OEA enhances MTP expression, lipid synthesis and lipoprotein assembly in intestinal cells more than oleic acid.
To study the effect of OEA on liver derived cells, these cells were exposed to OEA or no lipids for 16 h. OEA reduced secretion of triglycerides and apoB in Huh-7 and HepG2 cells without affecting the secretion of apoAI. Further, MTP expression and activity was reduced in these cells after OEA treatment compared to no OEA controls. Similarly, OEA reduced MTP expression and activity as well as secretion of triglycerides in mouse primary hepatocytes. These studies indicate that OEA reduces MTP expression, lipid synthesis and lipoproteins secretion in liver derived cells. Thus, OEA has differential effects on MTP expression and lipoprotein assembly and secretion in intestine and liver derived cells. It is likely that OEA regulates postprandial response to optimize exogenous lipid absorption and reduce endogenous lipid mobilization.
Abstract 514: Netrin 4 Deficiency Leads to Endothelial Cell Senescence
Authors: ZHANG HUAYU , Vreeken Dianne , de Bruin Ruben G , Leuning Danielle G , Maanaoui Mehdi , Sol Wendy M , van der Veer Eric P , Rabelink Ton J , van Zonneveld Anton Jan , van Gils Janine M 
Published: March 2019

Senescence phenotype of endothelial cells (ECs) has pathophysiological consequences, such as decreased regeneration capacity, pro-atherogenic tendency and dysregulated vessel tune. We find that netrin 4 (NTN4), recognized in neural and vascular development, is highly expressed by mature ECs. Remarkably, little is known about its role in vascular biology after development. NTN4 is deposited in the extracellular matrix. Using human decellularized kidney extracelluar matrix scaffolds, we found that pre-treatment of the scaffolds with NTN4 increased numbers of EC adhesion to the matrix, showing a pro-survival effect of NTN4.
Subsequently we explored the regulation of NTN4 expression in ECs. We found a 1.8-fold (±0.3; p<0.05) upregulation in NTN4 expression in ECs cultured under laminar flow conditions compared to static culture conditions. In contrast, ECs stimulated with TNFα resulted in decreased NTN4 expression (0.17 ± 0.06 fold; p<0.05), indicating a role for NTN4 in quiescent healthy endothelium. Silencing of NTN4 in ECs, to investigate the necessity of NTN4 in ECs, markedly resulted in more senescent associated β-galactosidase activity (20-50%; p<0.05) that could be rescued by NTN4 protein coating. Consistent with increased senescence, NTN4 reduction is accompanied with increased expression of senescence-associated transcription factors, CDKN1A and CDKN2A, as well as decreased ability to proliferate. Importantly, ECs with reduced levels of NTN4 have also increased expression of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1, are more prone to adhesion of human monocyte and have impaired barrier function, measured in an electric cell-substrate impedance sensing system as well as ‘organ-on-a-chip’ microfluidic system.
In conclusion, our results identified the anti-senescence function of NTN4 and thereby provides novel insights in the role of NTN4 in EC function. In situations like acute inflammation and unfavourable hemodynamic conditions, NTN4 expression decreases, so that there is a possible window for us to improve EC function by normalizing NTN4 expression.
Abstract 652: MicroRNA-29b Mediates the Chronic Inflammatory Response in Radiotherapy-induced Vascular Disease
Authors: Winski Greg , Eken Suzanne M , Christersdottir Tinna , Sangsuwan Traimate , Jin Hong , Chernogubova Ekaterina , Pirault John , Sun Changyan , Simon Nancy , Winter Hanna , Tornvall Per , Haghdoost Siamak , Hansson Göran K , Halle Martin , Maegdefessel Lars 
Published: March 2019

Radiotherapy is an established therapeutic method in many different cancer types. Its success raises a new problem, namely radiotherapy-induced vascular disease (vRTx), which typically manifests as coronary disease, heart failure or carotid stenosis. A chronic inflammatory response likely underlies vRTx, involving complex processes, such as vascular smooth muscle cell de-differentiation, oxidative stress, and ECM remodeling. These processes are tightly regulated and thus far difficult to influence therapeutically. In other diseases, a set of microRNAs (miRs) is known to orchestrate these processes. We hypothesized that they similarly could play a role in vRTx and be targets for treatment or prevention of the disease.
We performed qRT-PCR screening of 11 pre-selected miRs, which identified miR-29b as significantly decreased in irradiated arteries collected from patients undergoing free tissue transfer reconstruction, compared with non-irradiated arteries from the same patient (n=15). In a vascular biology context, miR-29b is known as inhibitor of collagen- and ECM associated mRNA targets, and has been shown to play a detrimental role in aneurysm disease and advanced atherosclerotic lesions.

Consistent with human tissue data, vascular smooth muscle and endothelial cells
in vitro
receiving two radiation doses of 2 Gy, showed decreased miR-29b upon 24 hours after exposure. In these irradiated SMCs, miR-29b induction reduced soluble collagen levels, while inhibition further increased them.

Array-based tissue gene expression analysis showed that Pentraxin-3 (PTX) and dipeptidyl-peptidase 4 (DPP4), both targets of miR-29b and pivotal in inflammation and adverse wound healing, were downregulated in the same patient cohort. Carotid arteries of
Apoe
-/-
mice treated with miR-29b mimic, 24h before and 24h after irradiation (14 Gy to the upper chest and neck), displayed a downward trend (non-significant) in
Ptx3
and
Dpp4
gene expression.

Our results suggest that miR-29b overexpression therapy could have a place in the prevention of vRTx. To further strengthen this conclusion, additional
Apoe
-/-
mice irradiation experiments are currently ongoing, to further establish PTX3 and DPP4 as mediators of anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic strategies.
Impact of Diabetes Mellitus and Chronic Kidney Disease on Cardiovascular Outcomes and Platelet P2Y
12
Receptor Antagonist Effects in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndromes: Insights From the PLATO Trial
Authors: Franchi Francesco , James Stefan K. , Ghukasyan Lakic Tatevik , Budaj Andrzej J. , Cornel Jan H. , Katus Hugo A. , Keltai Matyas , Kontny Frederic , Lewis Basil S. , Storey Robert F. , Himmelmann Anders , Wallentin Lars , Angiolillo Dominick J. ,   the PLATO Investigators
Published: March 2019

Background

There are limited data on how the combination of diabetes mellitus (
DM
) and chronic kidney disease (
CKD
) affects cardiovascular outcomes as well as response to different P2Y
12
receptor antagonists, which represented the aim of the present investigation.

Methods and Results

In this post hoc analysis of the
PLATO
(Platelet Inhibition and Patient Outcomes) trial, which randomized acute coronary syndrome patients to ticagrelor versus clopidogrel, patients (n=15 108) with available
DM
and
CKD
status were classified into 4 groups:
DM
+/
CKD
+ (n=1058),
DM
+/
CKD
− (n=2748),
DM
−/
CKD
+ (n=2160), and
DM
−/
CKD
− (n=9142). The primary efficacy end point was a composite of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, or stroke at 12 months. The primary safety end point was
PLATO
major bleeding.
DM
+/
CKD
+ patients had a higher incidence of the primary end point compared with
DM
−/
CKD
− patients (23.3% versus 7.1%; adjusted hazard ratio 2.22; 95%
CI
1.88–2.63;
P
<0.001). Patients with
DM
+/
CKD
− and
DM
−/
CKD
+ had an intermediate risk profile. The same trend was shown for the individual components of the primary end point and for major bleeding. Compared with clopidogrel, ticagrelor reduced the incidence of the primary end point consistently across subgroups (
P
‐interaction=0.264), but with an increased absolute risk reduction in
DM
+/
CKD
+. The effects on major bleeding were also consistent across subgroups (
P
‐interaction=0.288).

Conclusions

In acute coronary syndrome patients, a gradient of risk was observed according to the presence or absence of
DM
and
CKD
, with patients having both risk factors at the highest risk. Although the ischemic benefit of ticagrelor over clopidogrel was consistent in all subgroups, the absolute risk reduction was greatest in patients with both
DM
and
CKD
.

Clinical Trial Registration

URL
:
http://www.clinicatrials.gov
. Unique identifier:
NCT
00391872.
On the Sicilian species of Pseudomeira Stierlin (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Entiminae)
Authors: BELLÒ CESARE , BAVIERA COSIMO 
Published: March 2019

Six new species of the weevil genus Pseudomeira are described from Sicily: Pseudomeira erinacea sp. n., Pseudomeira ficuzzensis sp. n., Pseudomeira himerensis sp. n., Pseudomeira natalii sp. n., Pseudomeira petrensis sp. n., Pseudomeira trinacriae sp. n.. A neotype of Pseudomeira reitteri (Vitale, 1903) and lectotype of Pseudomeira obscura (Solari & Solari, 1907) are designated. Pseudomeira flavipennis sicula (Seidlitz, 1865), incorrectly indicated from Sicily is newly listed under synonymy of Pseudomeira flavipennis (Jacquelin du Val, 1852). Pseudomeira obscurella Bellò & Pierotti, 1994, is newly recorded for Sicily. Distribution and ecology are provided for each species as well as keys for identification, map and figures.
Perioperative Desmopressin for Patients Undergoing Otolaryngologic Procedures: A Systematic Review
Authors: Barinsky Gregory L. , Buziashvili David , Svider Peter F. , Carron Michael A. , Folbe Adam J. , Hsueh Wayne D. , Eloy Jean Anderson , Johnson Andrew P. 
Published: March 2019

ObjectiveDesmopressin (DDAVP) is a hemostatic agent used to manage bleeding in patients with hemostatic disorders, and there is a lack of published data to guide its use during otolaryngology procedures. The objective of this study was to conduct an evidence‐based systematic review of the reported uses, efficacy, and adverse effects of DDAVP in the otolaryngology surgical setting.Data SourcesPubMed, MEDLINE, and EmBase were searched for articles on the use of DDAVP in otolaryngology.Review MethodsThe Methodological Index for Non‐Randomized Studies criteria and Cochrane bias tool were used to assess study quality. Patient demographics, DDAVP dosing and route, and outcomes such as bleeding and adverse events were collected. A summary of evidence table was created specifying levels of evidence, benefits, and harm.ResultsNineteen studies encompassing 440 patients were included. Sixteen studies discussed DDAVP for prophylaxis, and 3 discussed postoperative use. DDAVP effectively prevented bleeding in high‐risk patients and successfully facilitated a dry surgical field when necessary. DDAVP had a 100% success rate when used symptomatically. Five studies described adverse effects, including hyponatremia (12.3%), nausea (2.0%), emesis (0.9%), and seizure (0.2%). The aggregate level of evidence for its use was Level B for adenotonsillectomy, septoplasty, and turbinate procedures and Level C for rhinoplasty.ConclusionCurrent literature supports the use of DDAVP in otolaryngology surgical procedures as both a perioperative prophylactic agent and a postoperative symptomatic intervention for bleeding. Both modalities are effective with minimal adverse events. Further well‐designed randomized trials are necessary to conclusively formulate guidelines for DDAVP use in otolaryngology.
Body Image Disturbance in Surgically Treated Head and Neck Cancer Patients: A Prospective Cohort Pilot Study
Authors: Graboyes Evan M. , Hill Elizabeth G. , Marsh Courtney H. , Maurer Stacey , Day Terry A. , Sterba Katherine R. 
Published: March 2019

This prospective cohort pilot study sought to characterize the short‐term temporal trajectory of, and risk factors for, body image disturbance (BID) in patients with head and neck cancer (HNC). Most patients were male (35/56), had oral cavity cancer (33/56), and underwent microvascular reconstruction (37/56). Using the Body Image Scale (BIS), a validated patient‐reported outcome measure of BID, the prevalence of BID (BIS ≥10) increased from 11% preoperatively to 25% at 1 month postoperatively and 27% at 3 months posttreatment (P <. 001 and P =. 0014 relative to baseline, respectively). Risk factors for BID included female sex (odds ratio [OR], 4.8; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.3‐19.8), pT 3 to 4 tumors (OR, 8.9; 95% CI, 2.0‐63.7), and more severe baseline shame and stigma (OR, 1.06; 95% CI, 1.01‐1.13), depression (OR, 1.25; 95% CI, 1.06‐1.51), and social isolation (OR, 1.21; 95% CI, 1.01‐1.49). The prevalence and severity of BID increase immediately posttreatment. Demographic, oncologic, and psychosocial characteristics identify high‐risk patients for targeted interventions.
Patterns of Care and Outcome of Clear Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck
Authors: Oliver Jamie , Wu Peter , Chang Clifford , Roden Dylan , Wang Binhuan , Liu Cheng , Hu Kenneth , Schreiber David , Givi Babak 
Published: March 2019

ObjectiveClear cell carcinoma (CCC) is a rare salivary gland malignancy, believed to be generally low grade. We investigated CCC epidemiology and clinical behavior, using the National Cancer Database (NCDB).Study DesignRetrospective cohort study.SettingNCDB.Subjects and MethodsAll CCCs of the salivary glands were selected between 2004 and 2015. Patient demographics, tumor characteristics, treatments, and survival were analyzed. Cox regression analyses were performed in treated patients.ResultsWe identified 268 patients with CCC. Median age was 61 (21‐90) years. Most were female (145, 54%). The most common site was oral cavity (119, 44%), followed by major salivary glands (68, 25%) and oropharynx (41, 15%). Most tumors were low grade (81, 68%) and stages I to II (117, 60.6%). Nodal (36, 17.5%) and distant metastases (6, 2.4%) were rare. Most were treated by surgery alone (134, 50.0%), followed by surgery and radiotherapy (69, 25.7%). Five‐year overall survival (OS) was 77.6% (95% CI, 71.4%‐84.2%). In univariate analysis, older age, major salivary gland and sinonasal site, stages III to IV, high grade, and positive margins were associated with worse OS. In multivariate analysis, only high tumor grade (hazard ratio [HR], 5.76; 95% CI, 1.39‐23.85; P =. 02), positive margins (HR, 4.01; 95% CI, 1.20‐13.43; P =. 02), and age ≥60 years (HR, 3.45; 95% CI, 1.39‐8.55; P =. 01) were significantly associated with OS.ConclusionWe report the largest series of clear cell carcinomas of the head and neck. Outcomes are generally favorable following surgical‐based treatments. In this series, pathologic tumor grade is associated with worse survival. Routine evaluation and reporting of tumor grade might better guide physicians in recommending appropriate treatments in this rare malignancy.
Long length of stay in the ICU associates with a high erythrocyte transfusion rate in critically ill patients
Authors: Akbaş Türkay 
Published: March 2019

Objective This study aimed to evaluate epidemiology and outcome among critically ill patients under a restrictive transfusion practice. Methods One hundred sixty-nine patients who were admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) between March 2016 to December 2017 and remained in the ICU > 24 hours were retrospectively included. Results Hemoglobin levels on admission were <12 g/dL in 85% and <9 g/dL in 37.9% of patients. The median admission hemoglobin level was decreased on the last day of the ICU stay. Erythrocyte transfusion was required for 34% of patients. Transfused patients had high Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment scores, more requirement for invasive mechanical ventilation, vasopressors, and dialysis, long ICU and hospital stays, low hemoglobin levels, and high hospital and ICU mortality rates. Multivariate analysis showed that the likelihood of transfusion increased from 6.6 to 25.8 fold when the ICU stay extended from ≥7 to ≥15 days. Age, vasopressor use, dialysis, and erythrocyte transfusion ≥5 units were predictors of mortality. Conclusion Patients receiving transfusion are severely ill and have more life support therapies. The number of erythrocyte units transfused, age, and organ support therapies are independent predictors of mortality.
At Least a Tree: The Transformative Material Memory of Efraïm Rodriguez
Authors: Catren N R 
Published: March 2019

Dreams are excursions into the limbo of things, a semi‐deliverance from the human prison. —Amiel's Journal: The Journal Intime of Henri‐Frédéric AmielI do not know whether I was then a man dreaming I was a butterfly, or whether I am now a butterfly dreaming I am a man. —Chuang Tzu, Zhuangzi
(Thought) Process Driven: The Inconsonant Imprints of Mind and Machine
Authors: Catren NR 
Published: March 2019

“Are limbs, so dear‐achieved, are sides Full nerved, still warm, too hard to stir? Was it for this the clay grew tall?”—Wilfred Owen, Futility“Paradoxically, the ability to transform memory is the norm, while the problem in PTSD is that the full brunt of an experience does not fade with time” — Bessel van der Kolk, Post‐traumatic Stress Disorder and Memory
He korowai o ngā tīpuna: Voice hearing and communication from ancestors
Authors: NiaNia Wiremu , Bush Allister , Epston David 
Published: March 2019

Objective: This article describes the voice hearing experiences of a young Māori man, and the joint Māori healing and psychiatry assessment he received, in which the Māori healer (WN) concluded that some of the young man’s experiences could be accounted for by ancestral kaitiaki (spiritual guardians). Conclusions: Kaitiaki are commonly accepted in Te Ao Māori (the Māori world) as an explanation for some types of voice hearing experiences. Collaboration between a Māori healer and a psychiatrist can offer Māori whānau (individuals and families) more appropriate mental health assessment and intervention than conventional psychiatric assessment alone when Māori spiritual experiences are suspected.
Intraoral Digital Impression Technique for a Neonate With Bilateral Cleft Lip and Palate
Authors: Patel Jilen , Winters John , Walters Mark 
Published: March 2019

Objective: Dental casts are an important aspect in the treatment planning, documentation, and analysis of the dental arch forms of infants with cleft lip and palate (CLP). Impression taking in a neonate is a technique-sensitive procedure, which can result in foreign body dislodgement and carries a small risk of aspiration and airway obstruction. The advent of digital dental technologies and intraoral scanning may facilitate safer, more effective, and accurate impressions for CLP infants. Design: A digital intraoral scan of a 3-month-old with bilateral CLP (BCLP) was compared with a conventional alginate impression taken prior to primary lip repair. Setting: Princess Margaret Hospital for Children. Main Outcome Measures: To test the applicability and accuracy of digital impression taking for a neonate with BCLP and palate using digital morphometrics. Results: The average deviation of points ranged above and below the plane of superimposition from +0.78 mm to −0.42 mm with a maximum range of +2.80 mm to −2.80 mm and standard deviation of 0.88 mm. The premaxillary segment showed the greatest degree of variation. Conclusions: This is to our knowledge the first report that illustrates the use of a digital impression system to scan the oral structures of a neonate with BCLP. Digital scanning was found to be fast, accurate, and safe, when compared to a conventional alginate impression technique.
Stroke in the Middle-East and North Africa: A 2-year prospective observational study of stroke characteristics in the region—Results from the Safe Implementation of Treatments in Stroke (SITS)–Middle-East and North African (MENA)
Authors: Rukn Suhail Al , Mazya Michael V , Hentati Faycal , Sassi Samia Ben , Nabli Fatma , Said Zakharia , Faouzi Belahsen , Hashim Husnain , Abd-Allah Foad , Mansouri Benhan , Kesraoui Selma , Gebeily Souheil , Abdulrahman Husen , Akhtar Naveed , Ahmed Niaz , Wahlgren Nils , Aref Hany , Almekhlafi Mohammed , Moreira Tiago 
Published: March 2019

Background and methods Stroke incidence and mortality are reported to have increased in the Middle-East and North African (MENA) countries during the last decade. This was a prospective observational study to examine the baseline characteristics of stroke patients in the MENA region and to compare the MENA vs. the non-MENA stroke cohort in the Safe Implementation of Treatments in Stroke (SITS) International Registry. Results Of the 13,822 patients with ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke enrolled in the SITS-All Patients Protocol between June 2014 and May 2016, 5897 patients (43%) were recruited in MENA. The median onset-to-door time was 5 h (IQR: 2:20–13:00), National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score was 8 (4–13) and age was 65 years (56–76). Hypertension (66%) and diabetes (38%) were the prevailing risk factors; large artery stenosis > 50% (25.3%) and lacunar strokes (24.1%) were the most common ischemic stroke etiologies. In comparison, non-MENA countries displayed an onset-to-door time of 5:50 h (2:00–18:45), a median of NIHSS 6 (3–14), and a median age of 66 (56–76), with other large vessel disease and cardiac embolism as the main ischemic stroke etiologies. Hemorrhagic strokes (10%) were less common compared to non-MENA countries (13.9%). In MENA, only a low proportion of patients (21%) was admitted to stroke units. Conclusions MENA patients are slightly younger, have a higher prevalence of diabetes and slightly more severe ischemic strokes, commonly of atherosclerotic or microvascular etiology. Admission into stroke units and long-term follow-up need to be improved. It is suspected that cardiac embolism and atrial fibrillation are currently underdiagnosed in MENA countries.