bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trial Forge Guidance 2: How to decide if a further Study Within A Trial (SWAT) is needed
Authors: Treweek Shaun , Bevan Simon , Bower Peter , Briel Matthias , Campbell Marion , Christie Jacquie , Collett Clive , Cotton Seonaidh , Devane Declan , Feky Adel El , Galvin Sandra , Gardner Heidi , Gillies Katie , Hood Kerenza , Jansen Jan , Littleford Roberta , Parker Adwoa , Ramsay Craig , Restrup Lynne , Sullivan Frank , Torgerson David , Tremain Liz , von Elm Erik , Westmore Matthew , Williams Hywel , Williamson Paula R , Clarke Mike 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
The evidence base available to trialists to support trial process decisions– e.g. how best to recruit and retain participants, how to collect data or how to share the results with participants – is thin. One way to fill gaps in evidence is to run Studies Within A Trial, or SWATs. These are self-contained research studies embedded within a host trial that aim to evaluate or explore alternative ways of delivering or organising a particular trial process.
SWATs are increasingly being supported by funders and considered by trialists, especially in the UK and Ireland. At some point, increasing SWAT evidence will lead funders and trialists to ask : given the current body of evidence for a SWAT, do we need a further evaluation in a another host trial? A framework for answering such a question is needed to avoid SWATs themselves contributing to research waste.
This paper presents criteria on when enough evidence is available for SWATs that use randomised allocation to compare different interventions.
Electronic Noses in Medical Diagnostics
Authors: Wojnowski Wojciech , Dymerski Tomasz , Gębicki Jacek , Namieśnik Jacek 
Published: October 2018

Background:Electronic nose technology is being developed in order to analyse complex mixtures of volatiles in a way parallel to biologic olfaction. When applied in the field of medicine, the use of such devices should enable the identification and discrimination between different diseases. In this review, a comprehensive summary of research in medical diagnostics using electronic noses is presented. A special attention has been paid to the application of these devices and sensor technologies, in response to current trends in medicine.Methods:Peer-reviewed research literature pertaining to the subject matter was identified based on a search of bibliographic databases. The quality and relevance of retrieved papers was assessed using standard tools. Their content was critically reviewed and certain information contained therein was compiled in tabularized form.Results:The majority of reviewed studies show promising results, often surpassing the accuracy and sensitivity of established diagnostic methods. However, only a relatively small number of devices have been field tested. The methods used for sample collection and data processing in various studies were listed in a table, together with electronic nose models used in these investigations.Conclusion:Despite the fact that devices equipped with arrays of chemical sensors are not routinely used in everyday medical practice, their prospective use would solve some established issues in medical diagnostics, as well as lead to developments in prophylactics by facilitating a widespread use of non-invasive screening tests.
PrEP Eligibility and Interest Among Clinic- and Community-Recruited Young Black Women in Atlanta, Georgia, USA
Authors: Sales J.M. , Steiner R.J. , Brown J.L. , Swartzendruber A. , Patel A.S. , Sheth A.N. 
Published: October 2018

Background:Atlanta has been identified as an HIV “hot spot” for Black women and ranks 5th in the US with new infections. Yet little is known about PrEP eligibility or interest among young Black women in Atlanta.Methods:A convenience sample of 1,261 Black women (ages 14-24 years) were recruited from two settings: community venues and sexual health clinics. They provided self-reported sexual behavior data and specimens for laboratory testing for chlamydia (CT) and gonorrhea (GC) infections. For each woman, the number of key self-reported behavioral HIV risk factors was calculated (0-6 factors for the clinic sample, 0-3 factors for the community sample). A single item assessed PrEP interest in the community sample only.Results:Bacterial STI positivity, an indicator for PrEP eligibility, was 20.5% (17.1% CT, 6.3% GC) and 20.9% (18.8% CT, 5.2% GC) for the clinic and community samples, respectively. Of the 144 STI positive women from the clinic sample, 20.1% reported no behavioral risk indicators and 47.2% reported > 2 behavioral indicators. Of the 117 STI positive women from the community sample, 21.4% reported no behavioral risk indicators. 60.7% of the community sample reported they would be likely or very likely to use PrEP if available.Conclusion:Young Black women in Atlanta, whether sampled from community or sexual health settings, are at substantial risk for HIV infection and meet several PrEP eligibility criteria. Scaling up PrEP among women in Atlanta could have significant implications for HIV in this high burden region.
Molecular Modeling and Simulation of Transketolase from Orthosiphon stamineus
Authors: Ng Mei Ling , Rahmat Zaidah binti , bin Omar Mohd Shahir Shamsir 
Published: October 2018

Background:
Orthosiphon stamineus is a traditional medicinal plant in Southeast Asia countries
with various well-known pharmacological activities such as antidiabetic, diuretics and antitumor
activities. Transketolase is one of the proteins identified in the leaves of the plant and transketolase is
believed able to lower blood sugar level in human through non-pancreatic mechanism. In order to understand
the protein behavioral properties, 3D model of transketolase and analysis of protein structure
are of obvious interest.

Methods:
In the present study, 3D model of transketolase was constructed and its atomic characteristics
revealed. Besides, molecular dynamic simulation of the protein at 310 K and 368 K deciphered transketolase
may be a thermophilic protein as the structure does not distort even at elevated temperature.
This study also used the protein at 310 K and 368 K resimulated back at 310 K environment.

Results:
The results revealed that the protein is stable at all condition which suggest that it has high capacity
to adapt at different environment not only at high temperature but also from high temperature
condition to low temperature where the structure remains unchanged while retaining protein function.

Conclusion:
The thermostability properties of transketolase is beneficial for pharmaceutical industries
as most of the drug making processes are at high temperature condition.
Integrated Cheminformatics-Molecular Docking Approach to Drug Discovery Against Viruses
Authors: Anwar Muhammad Faraz , Khalid Ramsha , Hasanain Alina , Naeem Sadaf , Zarina Shamshad , Abidi Syed Hani , Ali Syed 
Published: October 2018

Background:
In the current study, we present an integrated in silico cheminformaticsmolecular
docking approach to screen and test potential therapeutic compounds against viruses.
Fluoroquinolones have been shown to inhibit HCV replication by targeting HCV NS3-helicase.
Based on this observation, we hypothesized that natural analogs of fluoroquinolones will have
similar or superior inhibitory potential while having potentially fewer adverse effects.

Methods:
To screen for natural analogs of fluoroquinolones, we devised an integrated in silico
Cheminformatics-Molecular Docking approach. We used 17 fluoroquinolones as bait reference, to
screen large databases of natural analogs. 10399 natural compounds and their derivatives were retrieved
from the databases. From these compounds, molecules bearing physicochemical similarities
with fluoroquinolones were analyzed using a cheminformatics-docking approach.

Results:
From the 10399 compounds screened using our cheminformatics approach, only 20 compounds
were found to share physicochemical similarities with fluoroquinolones, while the remaining
10379 compounds were physiochemically different from fluoroquinolones. Molecular docking
analysis showed 32 amino acids in the HCV NS3 active site that were most frequently targeted by
fluoroquinolones and their natural analogues, indicating a functional similarity between the two
groups of compounds.

Conclusion:
This study describes a speedy and inexpensive approach to complement drug discovery
and design against viral agents. The in silico analyses we used here can be employed to shortlist
promising compounds/putative drugs that can be further tested in wet-lab.
Implications of the U.S. Visa Reform for Highly-Skilled Mexican Migration
Authors: Salamanca Pacheco Elizabeth 
Published: October 2018

High-skilled Mexican migrants have benefited from the opportunities offered by U.S. visa programs such as the Specialty Occupation visa (H-1B), the Treaty Investor visa (E-2), the EB-5 investor program, and the North American Free Trade Agreement professionals visa (TN). This essay analyzes the possible changes affecting these visas and identifies the main economic, social and political implications of these reforms. It recurs to two main approaches: the mixed-embeddedness framework and the transnational theory. The U.S. migration reform has forced some skilled-migrants to think about transnational spaces in order to reduce uncertainty. E2 and EB-5 visa holders may diversify risks through a parallel presence of their businesses in both USA and Mexico. H1-B users may think about enhancing their research networks with the Mexican scientific and academic community. TN users may come back and transfer their knowledge back to Mexico. Overall, it is crucial the improvement of the Mexican institutional environment in order to further avoid the exit of valuable social and cognitive capital.
PRÁTICAS DE AUTOCUIDADO EM SAÚDE BUCAL DE USUÁRIOS DO PROGRAMA SAÚDE DA FAMÍLIA
Authors: Santos Taiane de Oliveira Gonzaga , Matos Mariângela Silva de , Chaves Sonia Cristina Lima , Rossi Thaís Régis Aranha , Figueiredo Andréia Cristina Leal , Almeida Ana Maria Freire de Lima 
Published: October 2018

As práticas de autocuidado são fundamentais para a manutenção da saúde bucal. Conhecer como elas estão inseridas na população favorece o planejamento de ações educativas e preventivas mais eficazes. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a associação entre o perfil sociodemográfico e as práticas de saúde bucal de usuários do Programa Saúde da Família de um município de médio porte do estado da Bahia, Brasil. Trata-se de estudo transversal, realizado por meio de inquérito epidemiológico domiciliar com amostra de 475 usuários. Os resultados mostraram que a maioria foi do sexo feminino, entre 20 e 59 anos, e de etnia parda e negra. A média de renda familiar foi de 791,46 reais e a de escolaridade foi de 7,4 anos de estudo. A escovação, o uso do fio e do palito foram as práticas de autocuidado mais frequentes (55,8%, 59,1% e 54,9%, respectivamente). O uso de bochecho foi relatado por 16,1% dos usuários. Aqueles com maior escolaridade e mais jovens escovavam os dentes mais vezes ao dia e usavam mais o fio dental. O palito dental foi o menos utilizado por aqueles de maior escolaridade e entre mais jovens de 15-19 anos. Concluiu-se que quanto maior o nível de escolaridade e entre os adultos jovens, melhores são os hábitos de higiene oral.

Palavras-chave: Práticas de saúde bucal. Perfil de saúde. Programa Saúde da Família.
İtalyan çimi (Lolium multiflorum L.) + Tüylü fiğ (Vicia villosa L.) karışımlarında farklı hasat zamanları ve karışım oranlarının verim ve kalite özelliklerine etkisi
Authors: KAVUT Yaşar Tuncer , GEREN Hakan 
Published: October 2018

Denemede,
İtalyan çiminin (Lolium multiflorum
L.), tüylü fiğ (Vicia villosa L.) ile
oluşturduğu farklı oranlardaki karışımların (italyan çimi + tüylü fiğ; 100+0 %, 80+20 %, 60+40 %,
40+60 %, 20+80 % and 0+100 %), farklı biçim zamanlarındaki [I. Erken ilkbahar
(Mart ayının son haftası), II. İlkbahar ortası (Nisan ayının ikinci haftası) ve
III. Geç ilkbahar (Nisan ayının son haftası)] bazı verim ve kalite özellikleri
incelenmiştir. Araştırma, 2012-2014 yılları arasında Ege Üniversitesi Ziraat
Fakültesi Tarla Bitkileri Bölümünün Bornova/İzmir’deki deneme tarlalarında 2
yıl süre ile sürdürülmüştür. İki yıllık ortalama sonuçlara göre, hasat
tarihlerinin geciktirilmesiyle bitki boyu, kuru madde verimi, ADF ve NDF artış
göstermiş, karışımdaki buğdaygil oranının artması ile ham protein oranı
değerleri düşmüştür. Karışımlar içerisindeki baklagil oranı arttıkça, kuru
madde verimi ile ham protein oranı artış göstermiştir. Tüylü fiğin saf olarak
ele alındığı parseller, Akdeniz koşulları için en yüksek verim ve kalite
özelliğine sahip olmuşlardır.
Analisis Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Persepsi Atas Informasi Akuntansi Keuangan Serta Keberhasilan dalam Mengelola Perusahan Kecil dan Menengah (Studi Empiris Pada UMKM Industri Makanan di Wonosobo)
Authors: Ariono Imam , Sugiyanto Bambang 
Published: October 2018

In order to overcome the problem of economic inequality and social inequality, a strategic step is grow and develop small businesses that have the characteristics of, among others, technology is simple, and is able to absorb the labor force so as to realize equal opportunity to strive and income distribution. In addition, small businesses are sub sectors of economic activity plays an important role in strengthening macroeconomic structure. In the Indonesian economy, the role and contribution of entrepreneurs on the scale of small and medium enterprises is very large, not only in terms of employment which exceeds 90%, but its contribution to GDP Indonesia more than 50%, (Ministry of Cooperatives and SMEs 2014).
This study aims to prove the influence of attitude, personality, motivation, experience the perception of entrepreneurs on financial and accounting information to prove the influence of employers' perception on the use of financial accounting information to business success. Research was conducted on SME food industry in Wonosobo regency. Sampling of the population using purposive sampling method The samples in this study using purposive sampling technique is a technique take samples with specific criteria. The number of samples in this study were 45 SME food. The analysis tool used is multiple linear regression.
The results of this study indicate that the attitude positive effect on the perception of entrepreneurs on the use of financial accounting information. Personality positive effect on the perception of entrepreneurs on the use of financial accounting information. Motivation positive effect on the perception of entrepreneurs on the use of financial accounting information. Experience positively affects the perception of entrepreneurs on the use of financial accounting information. Perception of entrepreneurs on the use of financial accounting information positive effect on business success.

Keywords : Attitude, personality, motivation, experience, education, perception of financial accounting information, business success
Kajian Pemilihan SMA Swasta Terfavorit Sebagai Acuan Bagi Calon Siswa yang akan Melanjutkan Sekolah ke SMA Swasta di Kota Pangkalpinang
Authors: Romadiana Parli 
Published: October 2018

SMA Swasta merupakan sekolah menengah atas yang didirikan oleh yayasan dan bukan milik pemerintah namun tetap di kontrol oleh dinas pendidikan. Pada saat ini, di kota Pangkalpinang terdapat banyak SMA Swasta yang saling bersaing baik dalam bidang fasilitas, tenaga pengajar, prestasi maupun kegiatan ekstrakulikuler. Hal itu membuat para siswa menjadi bingung dalam menentukan sekolah mana yang baik untuk mereka. Kajian pemilihan SMA Swasta ini dibuat agar dapat dijadikan acuan bagi calon siswa untuk memilih SMA Swasta Terfavorit di Pangkalpinang dengan menggunakan metode Analitycal Hierarchy Process(AHP). AHP merupakan metode untuk memecakan suatu situasi yang tidak terstruktur ke dalam beberapa komponen dalam bentuk hierarki, member penilaian subjective yang diberikan oleh responden ahli dengan tingkat konsistensi tidak kurang atau sama dengan 10% menggunakan software Expert Choice. Setelah dilakukan analisis dan perhitungan hasil quisioner, dapat disimpulkan bahwa SMA Swasta Terfavorit di Kota Pangkalpinang yaitu SMA Santo Yosef dengan bobot sebesar 46,9%, dilanjutkan dengan SMA THB dengan bobot sebesar 29,6%, dan alternatif yang terkecil yaitu SMA Swadaya dengan bobot sebesar 23,5%.
Sistem Informasi Penjualan Barang Furniture Berbasis Web Pada PT. Vinotindo Graha Sarana Menggunakan PHP dan MySQL
Authors: Sri Wahyuningsih Anik , Imam Bahron Anjar 
Published: October 2018

Perkembangan dunia internet sekarang ini sangat pesat, karena semakin banyak perusahaan swasta, instansi pemerintahan dan istitusi pendidikan membutuhkan layanan informasi yang sangat cepat.. Sistem penjualan banyak dilakukan secara online, sehingga mempermudah pelanggan. Dalam penelitian ini akan membuat Sistem Informasi Penjualan Barang Furniture berbasis Web pada PT. Vinotindo Graha Sarana. Saat ini masih menggunakan sistem penjualan secara manual, sehingga pelanggan kurang mendapatkan informasi yang akurat dan cepat. Karena pelanggan harus datang ke PT. Vinotindo Graha Sarana untuk mendapat informasi dan melakukan pemesana, selaim itu membutuhkan waktu yang lama dalam transaksi penjualan. Diharapkan dengan sistem penjualan berbasis web akan meningkatkan penjualan dan mempermudah transaksi penjualan dengan pelanggan
Perancangan Aplikasi Nilai Siswa Pada Sekolah Dasar Negeri 23 Palembang
Authors: Purba Mariana 
Published: October 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan dapat membantu pekerjaan setiap pegawai yang membutuhkan data siswa, data mata pelajaran, dan data nilai siswa pada Sekolah Dasar Negeri 23 Palembang dimana pada Sekolah Dasar Negeri 23 Palembang penyampaian informasi yang berhubungan dengan kegiatan belajar mengajar masih dilakukan sederhana. Ini terlihat dari masih menggunakan kertas dan kalkulator dalam menghitung nilai siswa. Sistem nilai yang berjalan di Sekolah ini dalam proses penyampaian informasi pembuatan nilai akhir rapor masih dilakukan secara manual. Proses-proses tersebut mempunyai kerumitan tersendiri terkait dengan fasilitas yang tersedia. Hal ini juga menimbulkan berbagai permasalahan lainnya seperti proses penyampaian laporan yang tidak tepat waktu, serta pencarian data yang membutuhkan waktu lama. Hal ini pun menyulitkan Guru dalam memberikan laporan kepada kepala sekolah. Dengan adanya aplikasi menngunakan bahasa permrograman microsoft visual basic dan database access data nilai siswa ini diharapkan dapat membantu sekolah dalam mempercepat rekap hasil nilai siswa dan pembuatan terhadap backup file-file yang penting bagi sekolah sebaiknya dilakukan setiap akhir bulan dan mengingat perkembangan zaman yang semakin hari semakin berkembang terutama dibidang teknologi yang membantu aktivitas disegala bidang terutama bidang pendidikan, sebaiknya sekolah jangan sampai ketinggalan arus teknologi tersebut dalam membantu pembangunan nasional.
Anti Müllerian Hormone as a Predictor of Metabolic Syndrome in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Authors: Wiweko Budi , Susanto Cynthia A. 
Published: October 2018

Objective: To evaluate whether Anti Müllerian Hormone (AMH) can be used as a predictor of metabolic syndrome in Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS).Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Yasmin Clinic, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital Jakarta between June and December 2012. Forty-one patients diagnosed with PCOSbased on Rotterdam Criteria were enrolled. Secondary were was taken from medical record..Results: A total of 22 subjects were involved in this study. Mean AMH level in the metabolic syndrome group is compared to the non-metabolic syndrome group (10.72 ± 6.23 ng/ml vs 7.97 ± 4.50ng/ml, p=0.12). AMH was strongly associated with HDL, triglyceride and insulin resistance (r-value of -0.29, 0.23, and 0.21 respectively, p < 0.05).Conclusion: AMH can be used as a predictor of metabolic syndrome in PCOS.[Indones J Obstet Gynecol 2017; 5-2: 83-86]Keywords: anti müllerian hormone, metabolic syndrome, polycystic ovarian syndrome
Diagnosis and treatment of community-acquired pneumonia in patients with acute cough: a quantitative study of decision thresholds in primary care
Authors: Ebell Mark H , Locatelli Isabella , Mueller Yolanda , Senn Nicolas , Morgan Kathryn 
Published: October 2018

BackgroundTest and treatment thresholds have not yet been described for decision-making regarding the likelihood of pneumonia in patients with acute cough.AimTo determine decision thresholds in the management of patients with acute cough.Design and settingSet among primary care physicians attending meetings in the US and Switzerland, using data from a prospective cohort of primary care patients.MethodClinical vignettes were used to study the clinical decisions of physicians regarding eight patients with cough that varied by six signs and symptoms. The probability of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) was determined for each vignette based on a multivariate model. A previously published approach based on logistic regression was used to determine test and treatment thresholds.ResultsIn total, 256 physicians made 764 clinical decisions. Initial physician estimates systematically overestimated the likelihood of CAP; 75% estimating a higher probability than that predicted by the multivariate model. Given the probability of CAP from a multivariate model, 16.7% (125 of 749) changed their decision from ‘treat’ to ‘test’ or ‘test’ to ‘rule out’, whereas only 3.5% (26/749) changed their decision from ‘rule out’ to ‘test’ or ‘test’ to ‘treat’. Test and treatment thresholds were 9.5% (95% confidence interval (CI) = 8.7 to 10.5) and 43.1% (95% CI = 40.1 to 46.4) and were updated to 12.7% (95% CI = 11.7 to 13.8) and 51.3% (95% CI = 48.3 to 54.9) once the true probability of CAP was given. Test thresholds were consistent between subgroups. Treatment thresholds were higher if radiography was available, for Swiss physicians, and for non-primary care physicians.ConclusionTest and treatment thresholds for CAP in patients with acute cough were 9.5% and 43.1%, respectively. Physicians tended to overestimate the likelihood of CAP, and providing information from a clinical decision rule (CDR) changed about 1 in 6 clinical decisions.