bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Silicon‐based on‐chip four‐channel phased‐array radar transmitter with ferroelectric thin film at 100 GHz
Authors: Liu Jingtian , Chen Shuming , Huang Hui , Xiao Ke , Chen Xiaowen 
Published: July 2019

A silicon‐based phased‐array transmitter working at 100 GHz is proposed in this study. Planar array ferroelectric film phase shifters (FPSs) are realised with patch antennas, DC bias lines, microstrip lines and power dividers on a monolithic silicon substrate. The system enables full process compatibility and avoids loss caused by multichip interconnection. The isolation layer uses benzocyclobutene polymer film with low permittivity and low loss tangent, providing large thickness physical isolation. The FPS has a compact length of 0.45 mm, and simulation results show that its phase shift degree at 100 GHz is 125.7° with 3.95 dB insertion loss and 11.4 dB reflection loss. The patch antenna shows that the maximum simulated radiation gain of the single antenna is 4 dBi and the four‐element antenna array is 9.7 dBi at 100 GHz. The beam can be steered to ±10°. The proposed system lays an important foundation for the realisation of silicon‐based system‐on‐chip radar RF front‐end system.
An experimental test for effective medium approximations (EMAs)
Authors: Millán C. , Santonja C. , Domingo M. , Luna R. , Satorre M. Á. 
Published: July 2019

Aims.The effective medium approximations (EMAs), or the Lorentz–Lorenz, Maxwell-Garnett, and Bruggeman models, largely used to obtain optical properties and porosities of pure and ice mixtures, have been experimentally tested in this work. The efficiency of these approximations has been studied by obtaining the porosity value for carbon dioxide ice grown at low temperatures. An explanation of the behaviour of the experimental results for all temperatures is given. The analysis carried out for CO2can be applied to other molecules.Methods.An optical laser interference technique was carried out using two laser beams falling on a growing film of ice at different incident angles which allowed us to determine the refractive index and the thickness of the film. The mass deposited is recorded by means of a quartz crystal microbalance. Porosity is determined from its equational definition by using the experimental density previously obtained.Results.From the experimental results of the refractive index and density, porosity values for carbon dioxide ice films grown on a cold surface at different temperatures of deposition have been calculated and compared with the results obtained from the EMA equations, and with recent experimental results.Conclusion.The values of porosity obtained with the EMA models and experimentally, show similar trends. However, theoretical values overestimate the experimental results. We can conclude that using the EMAs to obtain this parameter from an ice mixture must be carefully considered and, if possible, an alternative experimental procedure that allows comparisons to be made should be used.
Survey of asteroids in retrograde mean motion resonances with planets
Authors: Li Miao , Huang Yukun , Gong Shengping 
Published: July 2019

Aims.Asteroids in mean motion resonances (MMRs) with planets are common in the solar system. In recent years, increasingly more retrograde asteroids are discovered, several of which are identified to be in resonances with planets. We here systematically present the retrograde resonant configurations where all the asteroids are trapped with any of the eight planets and evaluate their resonant condition. We also discuss a possible production mechanism of retrograde centaurs and dynamical lifetimes of all the retrograde asteroids.Methods.We numerically integrated a swarm of clones (ten clones for each object) of all the retrograde asteroids (condition codeU< 7) from −10 000 to 100 000 yr, using the MERCURY package in the model of solar system. We considered all of thep/−qresonances with eight planets where the positive integerspandqwere both smaller than 16. In total, 143 retrograde resonant configurations were taken into consideration. The integration time was further extended to analyze their dynamical lifetimes and evolutions.Results.We present all the meaningful retrograde resonant configurations wherepandqare both smaller than 16 are presented. Thirty-eight asteroids are found to be trapped in 50 retrograde mean motion resonances (RMMRs) with planets. Our results confirm that RMMRs with giant planets are common in retrograde asteroids. Of these, 15 asteroids are currently in retrograde resonances with planets, and 30 asteroids will be captured in 35 retrograde resonant configurations. Some particular resonant configurations such as polar resonances and co-orbital resonances are also identified. For example, Centaur 2005 TJ50 may be the first potential candidate to be currently in polar retrograde co-orbital resonance with Saturn. Moreover, 2016 FH13 is likely the first identified asteroid that will be captured in polar retrograde resonance with Uranus. Our results provide many candidates for the research of retrograde resonant dynamics and resonance capture. Dynamical lifetimes of retrograde asteroids are investigated by long-term integrations, and only ten objects survived longer than 10 Myr. We confirmed that the near-polar trans-Neptunian objects 2011 KT19 and 2008 KV42 have the longest dynamical lifetimes of the discovered retrograde asteroids. In our long-term simulations, the orbits of 12 centaurs can flip from retrograde to prograde state and back again. This flipping mechanism might be a possible explanation of the origins of retrograde centaurs. Generally, our results are also helpful for understanding the dynamical evolutions of small bodies in the solar system.
Utilisation d’outils numériques dans le cadre d’un dispositif hybride pour l’apprentissage par problème de la physiologie en deuxième année des études médicales. Étude de faisabilité du recours au laboratoire numérique de physiologie « e-ϕsioLab ».
Authors: Gouzi Fares , Bughin François , Barateau Lucie , Hubert Agathe , Volland Savine , Laoudj-Chenivesse Dalila , Passerieux Emilie , Lopez Régis , Perez-Martin Antonia , Schuster-Beck Iris , Matecki Stephan , Dauzat Michel , Dauvilliers Yves , Hayot Maurice , Mercier Jacques 
Published: July 2019

Contexte : À l’Université de Montpellier, l’enseignement de la physiologie passe par une initiation à la démarche expérimentale, effectuée sous forme d’un apprentissage par problème (APP) au cours d’enseignements dirigés (ED) ou travaux pratiques (TP). Actuellement, les ED/TP de physiologie en 2e année de Diplôme de formation générale en sciences médicales (DFGSM2) posent un problème de faisabilité. But(s) : Nous avons évalué la faisabilité d’un dispositif hybride « Laboratoire numérique de physiologie (e-ϕsioLab) » combinant ED présentiels (EDP) au tableau blanc interactif (TBI) + supports multimédias, et ED dématérialisés (EDD) sur plate-forme pédagogique Moodle, pour la résolution de problèmes de physiologie en DFGSM2. Méthodes : Pour les EDP, nous avons évalué les travaux des étudiants et comparé la participation des étudiants ayant bénéficié de ces ED e-ϕsioLab vs. ED classique. Pour les EDD, nous avons évalué les travaux et la participation des étudiants. Résultats : Les travaux ont révélé que les étudiants avaient effectué les tâches d’apprentissage visées pour l’APP (élaboration d’hypothèses, manipulation de paramètres, interprétation, retour sur problème) à l’aide du dispositif hybride. Durant les EDP, la participation et les échanges entre les étudiants étaient supérieurs aux ED classiques. Etudiants et enseignants ont utilisé les fonctionnalités de l’e-ϕsioLab, permettant la production de travaux originaux et en phase avec les objectifs pédagogiques. Conclusion : Notre dispositif hybride e-ϕsioLab à forte hybridation présentiel/à distance apparaît faisable pour l’APP en physiologie. Son utilisation a révélé une forte participation des étudiants, et poussé à la transformation de l’enseignement de physiologie vers les pédagogies actives.
Implementierungsstand und Erfahrungen der Stakeholder mit der Zuhause-Behandlung in psychiatrischen Modellvorhaben (nach §64b SGB V) – Eine Mixed-Methods Untersuchung
Authors: Schwarz Julian , Zeipert Manfred , Ignatyev Yuriy , Indefrey Sonja , Rehr Burkhard , Timm Jürgen , Heinze Martin , Peter Sebastian von 
Published: July 2019

Zusammenfassung
Ziel Untersuchung des Implementierungsstands und der Erfahrungen der Stakeholder mit der Zuhause-Behandlung (=ZHB) in der Modellversorgung nach §64b SGB V (=MV).
Methodik Standardisierte Befragung von 381 Patienten aus 8 Kliniken der MV und inhaltsanalytische Auswertung von Fokusgruppen und Interviews mit Patienten, Angehörigen und Mitarbeitern (n=37). Struktur-, prozess- und leistungsbezogene Daten wurden ergänzend abgefragt.
Ergebnisse Die ZHB der MV ist äußerst heterogen implementiert, insbesondere zwischen ländlichen und städtischen Regionen. Aus Sicht der Stakeholder wird eine längerfristige, flexible und settingübergreifende Versorgung geboten, die alltagsintegrativ wirkt und häufig erst mit zunehmender Inanspruchnahme als hilfreich bewertet wird.
Schlussfolgerung Eine starke Orientierung an den Bedürfnissen der Patienten und regionalen Besonderheiten zeichnet die ZHB aus. Es lassen sich Implikationen zur Weiterentwicklung von stationsäquivalenter Behandlung ableiten.
Diagnostik und Therapie des Ösophaguskarzinoms
Authors: Lorenzen Sylvie , Schulz Dominik , Quante Michael , Combs Stephanie , Gertler Ralf 
Published: July 2019

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGTrotz Fortschritten in der Behandlung des Ösophaguskarzinoms ist das 5-Jahresüberleben der Patienten mit 15–20 % vergleichsweise gering. Im Frühstadium ist der Tumor asymptomatisch, sodass die Diagnose meistens eher zufällig im Rahmen einer Endoskopie zur Abklärung anderer Symptome gestellt wird. Beim Ösophaguskarzinom handelt es sich um 2 unterschiedliche Tumorentitäten, das Adenokarzinom und das Plattenepithelkarzinom, die sich sowohl in der Ätiologie, der Epidemiologie als auch in Therapie und Prognose unterscheiden. Das Leitsymptom von Karzinomen des Ösophagus ist die Dysphagie oder Odynophagie. Um eine optimale, an das Stadium angepasste Therapie zu finden, ist ein möglichst genaues Staging im Rahmen der TNM-Klassifikation nötig. Die hierfür wichtigsten Untersuchungen sind die Ösophagogastroduodenoskopie (ÖGD) mit Probeentnahme, die Endosonografie und die Computertomografie (CT). Bei allen Patienten mit neu aufgetretener Dysphagie, gastrointestinaler Blutung, rezidivierender Aspiration, rezidivierendem Erbrechen, Dyspepsie, Gewichtsverlust und Inappetenz sollte leitliniengerecht eine hochauflösende ÖGD durchgeführt werden. Weitere gezielte diagnostische Maßnahmen richten sich nach der Tumorlokalisation. Beim Plattenepithelkarzinom stehen für alle nicht fernmetastasierten Tumorstadien die chirurgische Resektion, die Radio(chemo)therapie oder die Kombination dieser beiden als neoadjuvante Radiochemotherapie, gefolgt von der Operation zur Verfügung. Sowohl die Operation (mit oder ohne neoadjuvante Radio(chemo)therapie) als auch die definitive Radio(chemo)therapie wird in kurativer Intention durchgeführt. Mittlerweile werden fast alle Patienten mit Adenokarzinomen des ösophago-gastralen Übergangs (AEG) in einem lokal fortgeschrittenen Tumorstadium (uT3, N0/ + , cM0) einem multimodalen Therapiekonzept zugeführt. Eine neoadjuvante oder perioperative Therapie gefolgt von OP kann bei gutem Ansprechen nicht nur die lokale Resektabilität, sondern auch das Gesamtüberleben im Vergleich zur alleinigen OP verbessern.
Diagnostik und Therapie des Magenkarzinoms
Authors: Reim Daniel , Lorenzen Sylvie , Bachmann Jeannine , Novotny Alexander 
Published: July 2019

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGMögliche Indizien für ein Magenkarzinom sind Dysphagie und rezidivierend auftretendes Erbrechen. Zur genauen Abklärung sollte eine Ösophago-Gastro-Duodenoskopie empfohlen werden. Zur histologischen Sicherung eines verdächtigen Befundes muss eine Gewebeprobe entnommen werden. Nach Bestätigung eines malignen Tumors wird mittels einer Endosonografie die Eindringtiefe des Tumors in die einzelnen Schichten des Magens untersucht. Die einzige Option zur Kuration des Magenkarzinoms ist die chirurgische Therapie. Ziel der Behandlung ist eine komplette Tumorentfernung einschließlich der abführenden Lymphdrainagesysteme. Nach der Erfassung des klinischen Stadiums – Magenfrühkarzinome (Stadium 0/IA), lokal fortgeschrittene Magenkarzinome (Stadium IB–IIIC), fernmetastasierte Tumoren (Stadium IV) – ergeben sich abhängig von der Tumorsituation, unterschiedliche chirurgische Konsequenzen. Bei Beschränkung auf die Mukosa (T1m) kann eine lokale Exzision ausreichend sein, da die Wahrscheinlichkeit der Lymphknotenmetastasierung in diesem Stadium bei nahezu 0 % liegt. Im lokal fortgeschrittenen Stadium erfolgt prinzipiell präoperativ zunächst eine neoadjuvante (Radio-)Chemotherapie. Beim metastasierten Magenkarzinom kann eine Kuration durch eine chirurgische Resektion nicht mehr erreicht werden. Das Ziel chirurgisch palliativer Maßnahmen ist die Therapie lokaler Komplikationen wie Tumorblutung, Stenose oder Tumorperforation. Mittlerweile werden fast alle Patienten mit einem lokal fortgeschrittenen Tumorstadium (uT3, N0/ +) einem multimodalen Therapiekonzept zugeführt. Eine neoadjuvante oder perioperative Therapie kann bei gutem Ansprechen nicht nur die lokale Resektabilität, sondern auch das Gesamtüberleben verbessern.
Diagnostik und Therapie des kolorektalen Karzinoms
Authors: Wilhelm Dirk , Klare Peter , Nennstiel Simon , Dapper Hendrik , Combs Stefanie , Liotta Lucia , Quante Michael 
Published: July 2019

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGDas kolorektale Karzinom (KRK) ist der häufigste Tumor des Gastrointestinaltraktes, weltweit der zweithäufigste Tumor bei Frauen und der dritthäufigste bei Männern. Die Koloskopie ist in Deutschland seit fast 20 Jahren als endoskopische Vorsorgeuntersuchung anerkannt. Die Steigerung der Polypen- und Adenomdetektionsrate ist ein stetiges Bestreben aller Endoskopiker. Anspruch jeder endoskopischen Therapie ist die komplette Entfernung des verdächtigen Befundes. Nach der aktuellen S3-Leitlinie wird zur Behandlung von Tumoren des unteren und mittleren Rektumdrittels im Stadium II/III (cT3/4 und/oder cN+) und im oberen Rektumdrittels bei Risikofaktoren eine neoadjuvante Radiochemotherapie (RCTx) empfohlen. Das Nebenwirkungsspektrum leitet sich maßgeblich aus dem Bestrahlungsvolumen, der Einzeldosis pro Fraktion, sowie der Gesamtdosis, der Behandlungsdauer und der konkomitant eingesetzten Chemotherapie ab. Während das Kolonkarzinom in der nicht metastasierten Situation primär operiert wird, stellt die neoadjuvante R(C)Tx den Standard beim lokal fortgeschrittenen Rektumkarzinom dar. Eine adjuvante Chemotherapie ist bei Patienten mit Kolonkarzinom im UICC-Stadium II mit Risikofaktoren und Stadium III indiziert. Die Therapie bei Kolonkarzinom in Stadium UICC IV richtet sich nach der Lokalisation und Anzahl der Metastasen sowie dem Allgemeinzustand des Patienten.
A Rare Case of Primary Upper Extremity Varicose Veins
Authors: Bhargavi Ramisertti , Iragavarapu Tammiraju , Kumar A Aswini 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe incidence of varicosities of upper extremity is far most uncommon from that of lower extremity varicose veins for varied reasons even though the causes are almost the same. Here, the authors present a case of right upper limb varicose veins in a 55-year-old female who is a housewife. After ruling out all the secondary and congenital causes on clinical and Doppler study, the authors diagnosed it as a case of primary upper extremity varicose veins. They referred the case to a vascular surgeon but the patient denied the surgery, and is lost to follow-up. Hence, the authors report this case of primary upper limb varicosities as the incidence is very low when compared with lower extremity, and not much of literature is available except for a few case reports.
Investigating the Balance between Th17/Treg Cells in Rheumatoid Arthritis and its Association with Disease Activity
Authors: Taha Hanan Aly , Hozayen Walaa G. , Okasha Ahmed Mohamed , Ahmed Amr E. , Shata Manar Ali A. , Abdel-Naem Emad A. , Maher Sheren Esam 
Published: July 2019

AbstractRheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic autoimmune disorder characterized by articular inflammation and joint destruction. The mechanism of RA pathogenesis is not fully understood, but humoral and cellular immunity are known to be involved. CD4+ T lymphocytes and cytokines released by these cells are suggested to initiate inflammation in RA. This study aimed to assess T helper 17 (Th17)/regulatory T (Treg) cell ratio and its correlation with disease activity in adult and juvenile RA. This study included 80 patients, with RA, including 40 adults (mean age: 36.4 ± 11.1 years and 40 juveniles mean age: 12.7 ± 2.2 years), and 80 healthy controls. For all patients and control subjects, patient and disease characteristics; laboratory tests for complete blood count, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein (CRP), rheumatoid factor, anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP), anti-nuclear antibodies (ANA), and flow cytometry to determine the numbers of Th17 and Treg cells. There was a statistically significant increase in the Th17/Treg ratio in patients with active disease compared with those with inactive disease for both adult and juvenile RA compared with controls. However, a similar significant difference was not observed between those with inactive adult and juvenile RA and controls. There were significant positive correlations between the Th17/Treg ratio and disease activity score 28 (DAS28), CRP, anti-CCP, and ANA in active adult and juvenile RA. The Th17/Treg ratio was increased in active form of adult and juvenile RA compared with inactive RA and control, indicating the Th17/Treg ratio as a potentially useful marker of disease activity.
Exploration and Initial Development of Text Classification Models to Identify Health Information Technology Usability-Related Patient Safety Event Reports
Authors: Fong Allan , Komolafe Tomilayo , Adams Katharine T. , Cohen Arman , Howe Jessica L. , Ratwani Raj M. 
Published: July 2019

Background With the pervasive use of health information technology (HIT) there has been increased concern over the usability and safety of this technology. Identifying HIT usability and safety hazards, mitigating those hazards to prevent patient harm, and using this knowledge to improve future HIT systems are critical to advancing health care.
Purpose The purpose of this work is to demonstrate the feasibility of a modeling approach to identify HIT usability-related patient safety events (PSEs) from the free-text of safety reports and the utility of such models for supporting patient safety analysts in their analysis of event data.
Methods We evaluated three feature representations (bag-of-words [BOWs], topic modeling, and document embeddings) to classify HIT usability-related PSE reports using 5,911 manually annotated reports. Model results were reviewed with patient safety analysts to gather feedback on their usefulness and integration into workflow.
Results The combination of term frequency-inverse document frequency BOWs and document embedding features modeled with support vector machine (SVM) with radial basis function (RBF) had the highest overall precision-recall area under the curve (AUC) and f1-score, 72 and 66%, respectively. Using only document embedding features achieved a similar precision-recall AUC and f1-score performance with the SVM RBF model, 70 and 66%, respectively. Models generally favored specificity and sensitivity over precision. Patient safety analysts found the model results to be useful and offered three suggestions on how it can be integrated into their workflow at the point of report entry, in a visual dashboard layer, and to support data retrievals.
Conclusion Text mining and document embeddings can support identification of HIT usability-related PSE reports. The positive feedback received on the HIT usability model shows its potential utility in real-world applications.
One discourse to rule them all? Narrating the agenda for labor market policies in France and Germany
Authors: Bandelow Nils C , Hornung Johanna 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTDespite different institutional and situational conditions, the recent French labor market reforms bear a strong resemblance to the labor market reforms in Germany in the early 2000s. Governments at both points in time turned away from the conservative welfare state model and failed to appropriately legitimize their reforms toward the public as well as their originally partly social-democratic electorate. Given the diverging conditions which are expected to lead to different strategies of legitimization, this contribution inquires after the narrative stories with which the corresponding acting government framed its reforms publicly. Surprisingly, despite the large differences that the two governments faced, the analysis shows that the respective narratives stories were not only similar but can be assigned to certain programmatic groups that used the narratives to push their own policy program and place themselves in power positions. In doing so, the contribution establishes a yet missing link between the recently established Programmatic Action Framework (PAF) and the concept of narrative stories and discourse in policy analysis, thereby adding to both research strands. This link lies in the observation that programmatic groups use narratives to strengthen in-group identification and thus improve their chances of success, which makes dominant narratives an important indicator of programmatic groups. However, when legitimizing reforms – even if these are transferred from other country experiences – it is imperatively important to embed the strategies of legitimization in the national context.
Deep Learning for HRRP-based Satellite Recognition
Authors: Lu W , Zhang Y S , Huo Y R , Lin C Y 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
An approach that employs deep learning technology is presented to recognize satellites based on radar high-resolution range profile (HRRP) data. We focus on extracting effective satellite recognition features in this paper. Thus, a deep learning model is constructed by gated recurrent unit (GRU) neural network and support vector machine (SVM) to extract more abstract and accurate features. Firstly, the radar HRRP data of four satellites is obtained by simulation. And data preprocessing has been done according to HRRP characteristic. Next, a GRU-SVM model is set up and some deep learning skills, such as dropout and cross validation, have been applied to improve recognition accuracy. The training results of GRU neural network show their effectiveness. In order to demonstrate the superiority of this approach, five other feature extraction methods have been used as a comparison based on clean satellite HRRP data and noisy data. The experiment results show that the presented GRU-SVM model could recognize satellites effectively and accurately, and has better recognition performance and noise robustness compared with five other methods.
A Class-Incremental Learning Method Based on One Class Support Vector Machine
Authors: Yao Chengfei , Zou Jie , Luo Yanan , Li Tao , Bai Gang 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Class-incremental learning refers to the problem that the number of classes increases dynamically in the training stage. In this paper, a method based on one class support vector machine (OCSVM) is proposed for class incremental learning. The basic idea of the proposed method is that one class model is used to learn the distribution of new class, and then the knowledge learned and previous models are used for class incremental learning. The proposed method does not need to store all training data and makes full use of the learned information, so it has lower memory cost and time consumption. Also, the proposed method can build model when only one class is available. Compared with OC2MC, CIL, NN, the proposed method also achieves competitive results on different datasets.