bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
El Partido Comunista de Chile y la empresa periodí­stica de El Siglo: apuntes sobre sus orí­genes y desarrollo
Authors: Salgado Muñoz Alfonso 
Published: June 2019

En este artí­culo se analizan, desde una perspectiva económica, dos momentos importantes en la historia temprana del diario El Siglo, órgano oficial del Partido Comunista de Chile. En primer lugar, se examina la adquisición de una céntrica propiedad en Moneda 716 y el montaje de un eficiente taller de imprenta, en el cual se editó el periódico durante sus primeros años. En segundo lugar, se analiza la venta del inmueble y el desarme y traslado de la maquinaria de imprenta, una vez desatada la persecución anticomunista de Gabriel González Videla. No obstante las circunstancias caóticas que pusieron fin a la primera época del diario, el dinero de la venta de Moneda 716 le permitió al Partido Comunista adquirir una nueva propiedad, en Lira 363, donde se rearmó el taller de imprenta –renombrado Imprenta Horizonte– y desde donde se comenzó a editar nuevamente El Siglo unos años después.The Communist Party in Chile and the Newspaper Company El Siglo: Notes on Its Origins and DevelopmentAbstractThis article analyzes, from an economic perspective, two important moments in the early history of the newspaper El Siglo, official newspaper of the Communist Party in Chile. It first looks at the acquisition of a centrally-located property at Moneda 716 and the construction of an efficient printing workshop where the newspaper was edited during its early years. In the second place, it analyzes the sale of the property and subsequent disassembly and transfer of the printer machinery once President Gabriel González Videla unleashed his anti-Communist persecution. Notwithstanding the chaotic circumstances that brought the newspaper's early days to an end, the money from the sale of Moneda 716 allowed the Communist Party to purchase a new property located at Lira 363, where the printing workshop was reassembled –and renamed Imprenta Horizonte– and where El Siglo began to be edited again a few years later.Keywords: Communist Party, newspaper, press, printing
REDESAIN KOMPOR BIOMASSA TIPE DOWNDRAFT SYSTEM CONTINUE DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN BAHAN SEKAM PADI
Authors: Admin Admin , Effendi Thambarriyaldi Tuina , Djafar Romi , Botutihe Sjahril 
Published: June 2019

Kompor gasifikasi adalah salah satu teknologi pemanfaatan biomassa untuk keperluan memasak pada sektor rumah tangga. Gasifikasi biomassa merupakan suatu proses dekomposisi termal dari bahan-bahan organik melalui pemberian sejumlah panas dengan suplai oksigen terbatas untuk menghasilkan synthesis gases yang terdiri dari CO, H2, CH4 (selanjutnya disebut dengan syn-gas) sebagai produk utama dan sejumlah kecil arang karbon dan abu sebagai produk ikutan. Tujuan utama saya dalam menciptakan inovasi teknologi yang sedang berkembang saat ini supaya hasil yang didapat lebih efektif dan berkualitas. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah metode eksperimen, diawali pengamatan dilapangan (observasi) kemudian dari sumber studi pustaka selanjutnya diaplikasikan dalam satu model dimensi dengan perencanaaan yang diwujudkan dalam satu bentuk nyata berupa prototipe kompor biomassa tipe downdraft system continue. Komsumsi bahan bakar berturut-turut didapat sebesar 0.00012 ; 0.00028 ; dan 0.00050 kg/hr. Total operating time dari kompor masing-masing sebesar 14; 16 dan 18 menit Power input berdasarkan hasil analisis masing-masing sebesar 0.00037 ; 0.00088 ; dan 0.00154 kW. Berdasarkan hasil analisis didapatkan power output terendah sebesar 7.3 ; 17.1 dan 30.5 kW. Efesiensi kompor biomassa tipe downdraft system continue pada penelitian adalah sebesar 23,6%.
Synthesis of a Novel Ladder Poly(azomethine-ester) Based on PET Waste Bottles
Authors: Issam A. M. , Shahabuddin S. , Kareem H. S. , Mohamad S. , Saidur R. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
In the present investigation, a novel ladder polymer, poly(azomethine ester), was prepared via solution polycondensation polymerization between terephthalic acid and the novel monomer. Terephthalic acid was regenerated from PET waste bottles by saponification process, whereas p-phenylenediamine was obtained via Hoffmann rearrangement method. A novel monomer, namely N,N′-bis(2,5-dihydroxy benzylidene)-1,4-diaminobenzene was prepared from the reaction of 2,5-di-hydroxybenzadehyde with p-phenylenediamine in the ratio of 2:1, respectively. For the first time a solution polycondensation method has been employed for the synthesis of a ladder polymer which is otherwise prepared commonly via Diels-Alder cycloaddition reaction. The synthesized ladder polymer was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H NMR), carbon nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (13C NMR), elemental analysis (CHN), X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The results revealed that the ladder polymer possess highly regular ladder like framework, and that most of the ester groups have taken part in the side-by-side polymerization reaction.
Study of Rheology and Plug Assist Thermoforming of Linear and Branched PP Homopolymer and Impact Copolymer
Authors: Marathe D. , Shelar S. , Mahajan S. , Ahmad Z. , Gupta S. , Kulkarni S. , Juvekar V. , Lele A. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Polypropylene (PP) is one of the fastest growing thermoplastic polymers in the world, second only to polyethylene. This is primarily due to its excellent balance of physical and chemical properties at a lower cost. PP however possesses low melt strength on account of its linear structure and hence is not easily amenable to processing techniques that involve free surface stretching deformations like thermoforming, blow molding and extrusion film casting. One way to enhance the melt strength of PP is to incorporate long chain branches in its molecular architecture. The present study focuses on the impact of rheology of linear and branched PP on their thermoforming characteristics. Two grades each of linear and long chain branched (LCB) PP homopolymer and impact copolymer (ICP) were used. It was observed that the LCB-PP homopolymer and LCB-ICP showed higher flow activation energy, reduced value of loss tangent and nearly equal frequency dependence of storage and loss moduli in shear rheology. Also, a strong strain hardening behavior was displayed in extensional rheology by the LCB grades. Plug assist thermoforming experiments were carried out to assess the effect of long chain branching on surface strain and thickness distribution for axisymmetric cups of two draw ratios. Biaxial surface strain maps of the formed cups were quantified using Grid Strain Analysis (GSA). Thermoformed cups made from LCB-PP homopolymer and LCB-impact copolymer showed lower surface strain and overall higher thickness as compared to cups made from their linear counterparts, which is in accordance with what might be expected from their rheology.
Identifying Melt Processing Conditions for a Polyacrylonitrile Copolymer Plasticized with Water, Acetonitrile and their Mixtures
Authors: Yu J. , Miller G. C. , Riffle J. S. , Baird D. G. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
This paper discusses the feasibility of the melt spinning process of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) copolymer (acrylonitrile/methylacrylate 95.6/4.4 mol% ratio) plasticized with H2O acetonitrile (ACN) and their mixture. The objective is to use water only as a plasticizer to melt spin PAN under specific conditions (composition, temperature etc.). The melting point and rheological measurements have been conducted by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and a modified capillary rheometer, respectively, for this plasticized system. The DSC results show that the melting point of the PAN copolymer can be reduced from over 300°C to below 180°C, which is the temperature for the onset of degradation (cyclization and crosslinking) of PAN. Rheological results show that the PAN copolymer can be extruded with a reasonable viscosity at 15 to 20°C above its melting point, and also the stability and viscosity are strongly dependent on temperature and the plasticizer type and content. Furthermore, the results indicate that the most appropriate condition for PAN melt spinning is for the PAN/H2O mixture of 70/30 wt% ratio at a temperature of 180°C for which the copolymer sample can remain stable without significant degradation for around 120 min and maintain its viscosity in the range of around 600 Pa s.
On Induced Properties and Self Heating during Free Blowing of PET Preform
Authors: Luo Y.-M. , Chevalier L. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The great influence of temperature on polymer's behavior is well known and a 10°C increase can lead to a 10-time reduction of the viscosity near the glass transition temperature. To manage accurate simulation of thermoforming processes, and particularly the stretch blow molding process that is managed in the vicinity of Tg, it is necessary to take into account the self heating phenomena that may have impact on induced properties. In the particular case of polyethylene terephthalate (PET), injected preforms have been blown with different initial temperature and followed using a thermal camera. For an identical final volume of the blown preform, the influence of initial temperature on self-heating is discussed. Back to room temperature, induced mechanical properties are measured using digital image correlation: bottles are blown under different pressures and the strain fields are measured. Using the virtual field method on a region of interest of the bottle, these results allow the identification of the induced mechanical properties. Comparison between the self-heating and the induced modulus is managed and the effect of the self heating on the free blown shapes and induced properties is discussed.
Influence of Process Parameters on the Morphologies of Micro-Injection Molded Polyformaldehyde Parts
Authors: Wang L.-X. , Wang D.-F. , Jiang L. , Bian N. , Li Q. , Shen C.-Y. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The morphologies of micro-injection molded parts are influenced by the process parameters. In this paper, the influence of injection speed, mold temperature and melt temperature on the morphologies of micro-injection molded polyformaldehyde (POM) parts with different thicknesses were investigated by a single factor experimental method; the morphological structure of the parts was characterized by polarized light microscopy. The scale effect on the crystallization behavior and internal morphology of micro-injection POM parts was analyzed. The results indicated that the scale effect had a great influence on the hierarchical morphology in the thickness direction of the parts. The micro-parts with a thickness of 1.0 mm showed a skin-core structure including the skin layer, fine grain layer, oblate spherulite, and spherulite core layer, and the micro-parts with a thickness of 0.2 mm showed a skin-core structure with the skin layer, fine grain layer, and the spherulite core layer, and a larger thickness ratio of the spherulite core layer. As injection speed, mold temperature and melt temperature increase, the fine grain layer gradually disappears and the size of core spherulite tends to become larger, the thicknesses of the skin layer of all the micro-parts decrease and that of the 0.2 mm micro-parts decreases significantly.
Natural background and anthropogenic drivers of vegetation cover changes in pasture landscape: the case of Central Mongolia
Authors: Bogdanov Е. А. , Klimanova О. А. , Gunin P. D. 
Published: June 2019

The article analyzes natural, first of all, geomorphological and lithological-edaphic conditions and anthropogenic (increase in livestock and change in the structure of the herd) factors determining the degradation of vegetation in the landscapes of the desert steppes of Mongolia. The sources for the assessment of vegetation cover were the images of Landsat 5 and 8 by which were calculated NDVI index, a joint index of the BSI + LDI and the synthesis of channels for 7—5—3 (Landsat 8) and 7—4—2 (Landsat 5). To assess the role of natural conditions in ArcMap package was built model of geotopes, containing data on the absolute height of the area, its position in the system of landscape levels, the genesis and the type of ground. The analysis of the contribution of anthropogenic factors is carried out on the basis of statistics on somons. It was revealed that in 1990—2015 the number of cattle varied from 1.1 to 2.8 million heads, and in all somons (districts) of Srednegobiisky aimag (region) the increase in the number was due to sheep and goats. It was found that a 47 % of the area of aimag has reduced vegetation cover, and to the greatest extent these processes are typical for different formations of the desert steppe subzone in the Northern and Central parts of aimag. Verification of the obtained results was carried out according to the data of field studies of the Russian-Mongolian complex biological expedition of RAS and AMS. Landscapes potentially susceptible to degradation occupy 60 % of the aimagʼs territory. Among the already transformed landscape sites eluvial and transeluvial geotopes of the socle plains on rocks of mixed composition prevail. It is shown that under similar trends of livestock changes pasture ecosystems of somons with predominance of such landscape sites are more prone to degradation than others.
MENYOAL PENGATURAN PEMBERIAN BANTUAN HUKUM TERHADAP ANAK PASCA REFORMASI
Authors: Sanjaya Aditya Wiguna 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACTThe regulation regarding legal assistance for children has basically been stated in Law Number 11 of 2012, however in the formulation of regulation it appears that there is a contradiction between the meaning of legal assistance as legal rights and assistance as an obligation, especially in the context of legal assistance as an obligation attached to law enforcement officers. The purpose is to analyze whether the regulation of providing legal assistance to children in Law Number 11 of 2012 is in accordance with the principle of the best interest of the child, and provides ideas for formulating arrangements for providing legal assistance to children in the future. This paper using normative legal research methods with a legal approach and conceptual approach. The ideal arrangement in the future can be done by reformulating arrangements regarding existing legal assistance for children, namely eliminating legal aid as children's rights in the criminal justice system and formulating legal consequences in the form of illegal actions taken by law enforcement officials at every level of examination.Key words: Regulation, Legal assistance, Children ABSTRAKPengaturan bantuan hukum terhadap anak telah dituangkan dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2012, namun dalam formulasi pengaturan tersebut tampak adanya pertentangan makna antara bantuan hukum sebagai hak dan bantuan hukum sebagai kewajiban, terlebih dalam konteks bantuan hukum sebagai kewajiban yang melekat pada aparat penegak hukum. Tujuan penulisan ini yaitu untuk menganalisis apakah pengaturan pemberian bantuan hukum terhadap anak dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2012 telah sesuai dengan prinsip the best interest of the child dan memberikan gagasan formulasi pengaturan pemberian bantuan hukum terhadap anak di masa yang akan datang. Dalam penulisan makalah ini menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan konseptual. Pengaturan ideal di masa mendatang dapat dilakukan dengan mereformulasi kembali pengaturan mengenai bantuan hukum terhadap anak yang ada yaitu menghapuskan bantuan hukum sebagai hak anak dalam sistem peradilan pidana dan memformulasikan akibat hukum berupa tidak sahnya tindakan yang dilakukan aparat penegak hukum dalam setiap tingkat pemeriksaan.Kata Kunci: Pengaturan, Bantuan Hukum, Anak
Polymer composite materials based on quick cure epoxy resin for sports industry
Authors: Kogan D. I. , Chursova L. V. , Panina N. N. , Grebeneva T. A. , Golikov E. I. , Utkina T. S. , Batorova Yu. A. 
Published: June 2019

The paper deals with aspects of creating a single-component, fast-curing binder ACM 1216, capable of forming a matrix at low temperatures with a short curing period, having high enough strength and performance characteristics.The prospects for the development of polymeric composite materials based of quick cure binder for manufacture of sports industry products are presented.
La autopercepción del control de convencionalidad por la propia Corte Interamericana: breves apostillas críticas
Authors: Eto Cruz Gerardo 
Published: June 2019

El presente artículo presenta la transcripción oficial de los fallos que la propia Corte IDH ha divulgado a través del Cuadernillo de Jurisprudencia de la Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos N.° 7: control de convencionalidad, cuya presentación la suscribió el entonces presidente de la citada Corte, Humberto A. Sierra Porto, y la edición estuvo a cargo del profesor Claudio Nash. De nuestra parte, a dichos fallos o sentencias convencionales les hemos hecho un comentario previo y breve que corresponde a nuestra autoría y absoluta responsabilidad. El afán es incorporar a nuestra jurisprudencia constitucional un contraste mínimo bajo el paradigma contemporáneo del control convencional dirigido, sobretodo, a los magistrados y fiscales a fin de que exista la posibilidad de que se llegue a impulsar progresivamente el control difuso de convencionalidad.
PELAKSANAAN PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS KURIKULUM 2013 DI TK IT QURROTA A’YUN BABADAN PONOROGO
Authors: Fadlillah Muhammad 
Published: June 2019

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk : 1) mengetahui pelaksanaan pembelajaran berbasis Kurikulum 2013 di TK IT Qurrota A’yun Babadan Ponorogo; 2) mengetahui faktor-faktor pendukung dan penghambat pelaksanaan pembelajaran berbasis Kurikulum 2013 di TK IT Qurrota A’yun Babadan Ponorogo. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan teknik wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi terhadap kegiatan pembelajaran sehari-hari di sekolah. Adapun teknik pengujian datanya dilakukan dengan model tri angulasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: 1) pelaksanaan pembelajaran berbasis kurikulum 2013 di TK IT Qurrota ‘Ayun Babadan Ponorogo telah berjalan dengan baik. Tahapan pelaksanaanya yaitu menyusun perencanaan pembelajaran dalam bentuk Program Semester (Promes), rencana Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran Mingguan (RPPM), dan Rencana Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran Harian (RPPH). Adapun pelaksanaan pembelajaran dilakukan secara tematik dengan pendekatan saintifik melalui model pembelajaran sentra. 2) Faktor-faktor pendukung pelaksanaan pembelajaran yaitu kepala sekolah sudah berpengalaman dalam Kurikulum 2013, mayoritas guru masih muda-muda, dan sudah menggunakan model pembelajaran sentra. Adapun faktor penghambatnya ialah fasilitas pembelajaran masih terbatas dan administrasi pembelajaran belum tersusun secara rapi.
EFEKTIFITAS PERMAINAN TRADISONAL CAK BUR TERHADAP PENINGKATAN INTERAKSI SOSIAL SISWA TAMAN KANAK-KANAK
Authors: Aulia Prima 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektifitas permainan cak bur terhadap peningkatan interaksi sosial siswa taman kanak-kanak di kota Padang. Penelitian ini melibatkan 37 orang siswa sebagai subjek penelitian, dimana 18 orang masuk dalam kelompok eksperimen dan 19 orang lainnya masuk dalam kelompok kontrol, pemilihan subjek penelitian dan penempatannya kedalam kelompok eksperimen dan kontrol dilakukan secara acak. Desain penelitian ini adalah pretest postest group control. Pengumpulan data menggunakan skala interaksi sosial, untuk menguji kualitas alat ukur digunakan uji validitas isi dengan profesional judgement sedangkan untuk melihat reliabilitas menggunakan bantuan SPSS 16.0 for windows dengan teknik Alpha Cronbach. Skala interaksi social terdiri dari 57 aitem dengan koefisien alpha sebesar (α) 0,979. Pengujian hipotesis menggunakan teknik statistik T-test dengan bantuan SPSS 16.0 for Windows yang menunjukan taraf signifikansi sebesar 0,000. Hal ini menunjukan bahwa permainan cak bur terhadap peningkatan interaksi sosial siswa taman kanak-kanak.

Kata Kunci: permainan cak bur, interaksi sosial

ABSTRACT

This study aims to determine the effectiveness of cak bur games to increase kindergarten students social interaction in the city of Padang. This study involved 37 students as research subjects, 18 student were included in the experimental group and 19 others were included in the control group, the selection of research subjects and their placement into the experimental and control groups was done randomly. The design of this study was the pretest posttest group control. Data collection uses a scale of social interaction, to test the quality of instruments used content validity test with professional judgment while to see reliability using SPSS 16.0 for windows with Alpha Cronbach technique. The social interaction scale consists of 57 items with an alpha coefficient of (α) 0.979. Hypothesis testing usesl techniques T-test with the help of SPSS 16.0 for Windows. a significance level of 0,000. This shows that the cak bur game is the effectiveness games to increasing the social interaction of kindergarten students.

Keyword : cak bur game, social interaction
Pengajaran Kosakata Bahasa Inggris Melalui Active Learning
Authors: Solihati Tri Agustini 
Published: June 2019

This study was focused on the progressive in increasing the quality of studentsâ€™ vocabulary mastery based on the specific tpics such as color, type of food and beverage, human body, and family members. The material was conveyed through the implementation of Active Learning in the first Grade students of SDN Mulyasari 1, Bandung. This research was conducted into two cycles. The results obtained in the first activity cycle consisted of the teachersâ€™ activities in implementing active learning was about 80% and the amount of class athmosphere was 65.25%. Meanwhile, the evaluation of student learning activities on the assignment sheet reached the average 7.74, 8.78 formative test, and analysis of the vocabulary teaching reached 75%. Meanwhile, in the second cycle, the results obtained by teachersâ€™ activity was 90% and 89.25% for class atmosphere. The average value obtained by students during the assignment sheet is 8.06, the average value of formative test reached 8.96, and the analysis of vocabulary teaching was 85%. Based on the results above, it was clear that the implementation of active learning in mastering English vocabulary would help students in remembering or even mastering that vocabulary. This achievement was inseparable from the use of instructional media and attractive teaching methods for learners.
PENGARUH TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI DALAM KEPROFESIAN DAN IMPLIKASINYA dalam DUNIA PENDIDIKAN
Authors: Taufiq Muhammad 
Published: June 2019

Accounting is an information system, more precisely; it is an application to the general theory of information to the problem of efficient economic operations. It also makes up a large part of the general information expressed in quantitative terms. In this context accounting is both a part of the general information system of an operating entity and a part of the basic field bounded by the concept of information
If you work with a manual system and you want to see an account on given day, you have a paper file and you simply go to that particular section and pull out the file. When youâ€™re on the computer system, in a sense all your accounts are kid of floating around in space. You canâ€™t get your hands on them