bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Upfront Surgery versus Neoadjuvant Therapy for Resectable Pancreatic Cancer: Systematic Review and Bayesian Network Meta-analysis
Authors: Bradley Alison , Van Der Meer Robert 
Published: March 2019

AbstractCurrent treatment recommendations for resectable pancreatic cancer support upfront resection and adjuvant therapy. Randomized controlled trials offering comparison with the emerging neoadjuvant approach are lacking. This review aims to compare both treatment strategies for resectable pancreatic cancer. PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Database and Cochrane Databases were searched for studies comparing neoadjuvant and surgery-first with adjuvant therapy for resectable pancreatic cancer. A Bayesian network meta-analysis was conducted using the Markov chain Monte Carlo method. Cochrane Collaboration’s risk of bias, ROBINS-I and GRADE tools were used to assess quality and risk of bias of included trials. 9 studies compared neoadjuvant therapy and surgery-first with adjuvant therapy (n = 22,285). Aggregate rate (AR) of R0 resection for neoadjuvant therapy was 0.8008 (0.3636–0.9144)versus0.7515 (0.2026–0.8611) odds ratio (O.R.) 1.27 (95% CI 0.60–1.96). 1-year survival AR for neoadjuvant therapy was 0.7969 (0.6061–0.9500)versus0.7481 (0.4848–0.8500) O.R. 1.38 (95% CI 0.69–2.96). 2-year survival AR for neoadjuvant therapy was 0.5178 (0.3000–0.5970)versus0.5131 (0.2727–0.5346) O.R. 1.26 (95% CI 0.94–1.74). 5-year AR survival for neoadjuvant therapy was 0.2069 (0.0323–0.3300)versus0.1783 (0.0606–0.2300) O.R. 1.19 (95% CI 0.65–1.73). In conclusion neoadjuvant therapy may offer benefit over surgery-first and adjuvant therapy. However, further randomized controlled trials are needed.
High-throughput physical vapour deposition flexible thermoelectric generators
Authors: Morgan Katrina A. , Tang Tian , Zeimpekis Ioannis , Ravagli Andrea , Craig Chris , Yao Jin , Feng Zhuo , Yarmolich Dmitry , Barker Clara , Assender Hazel , Hewak Daniel W. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractFlexible thermoelectric generators (TEGs) can provide uninterrupted, green energy from body-heat, overcoming bulky battery configurations that limit the wearable-technologies market today. High-throughput production of flexible TEGs is currently dominated by printing techniques, limiting material choices and performance. This work investigates the compatibility of physical vapour deposition (PVD) techniques with a flexible commercial process, roll-to-roll (R2R), for thermoelectric applications. We demonstrate, on a flexible polyimide substrate, a sputtered Bi2Te3/GeTe TEG with Seebeck coefficient (S) of 140 μV/K per pair and output power (P) of 0.4 nW per pair for a 20 °C temperature difference. For the first time, thermoelectric properties of R2R sputtered Bi2Te3 films are reported and we demonstrate the ability to tune the power factor by lowering run times, lending itself to a high-speed low-cost process. To further illustrate this high-rate PVD/R2R compatibility, we fabricate a TEG using Virtual Cathode Deposition (VCD), a novel high deposition rate PVD tool, for the first time. This Bi2Te3/Bi0.5Sb1.5Te3 TEG exhibits S = 250 μV/K per pair and P = 0.2 nW per pair for a 20 °C temperature difference.
Modulation of proteostasis and protein trafficking: a therapeutic avenue for misfolded G protein-coupled receptors causing disease in humans
Authors: Ulloa-Aguirre Alfredo , Janovick Jo Ann 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Proteostasis refers to the process whereby the cell maintains in equilibrium the protein content of different compartments. This system consists of a highly interconnected network intended to efficiently regulate the synthesis, folding, trafficking, and degradation of newly synthesized proteins. Molecular chaperones are key players of the proteostasis network. These proteins assist in the assembly and folding processes of newly synthesized proteins in a concerted manner to achieve a three-dimensional structure compatible with export from the endoplasmic reticulum to other cell compartments. Pharmacologic interventions intended to modulate the proteostasis network and tackle the devastating effects of conformational diseases caused by protein misfolding are under development. These include small molecules called pharmacoperones, which are highly specific toward the target protein serving as a molecular framework to cause misfolded mutant proteins to fold and adopt a stable conformation suitable for passing the scrutiny of the quality control system and reach its correct location within the cell. Here, we review the main components of the proteostasis network and how pharmacoperones may be employed to correct misfolding of two G protein-coupled receptors, the vasopressin 2 receptor and the gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor, whose mutations lead to X-linked nephrogenic diabetes insipidus and congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism in humans respectively.
First detection of oscillations in the Halo giant HD 122563: Validation of seismic scaling relations and new parameters
Authors: Creevey O. , Grundahl F. , Thévenin F. , Corsaro E. , Pallé P. L. , Salabert D. , Pichon B. , Collet R. , Bigot L. , Antoci V. , Andersen M. F. 
Published: March 2019

Aims. The nearby metal-poor giant HD 122563 is an important astrophysical laboratory in which to test stellar atmospheric and interior physics. It is also a benchmark star for which to calibrate methods to apply to large scale surveys. Recently it has been remeasured using various methodologies given the new high precision instruments at our disposal. However, inconsistencies in the observations and models have been found.
Methods. In order to better characterise this star using complementary techniques we have been measuring its radial velocities since 2016 using the Hertzsprung telescope (SONG network node) in order to detect oscillations.
Results. In this work we report the first detections of sun-like oscillations in this star, and to our knowledge, a detection in the most metal-poor giant to date. We applied the classical seismic scaling relation to derive a new surface gravity for HD 122563 of log gν = 1.39 ± 0.01. Reasonable constraints on the mass imposed by its PopII giant classification then yields a radius of 30.8 ± 1.0 ℛ⊙. By coupling this new radius with recent interferometric measurements we infer a distance to the star of 306 ± 9 pc. This result places it further away than was previously thought and is inconsistent with the HIPPARCOS parallax. Independent data from the Gaia mission corroborate the distance hypothesis (dGDR2 = 290 ± 5 pc), and thus the updated fundamental parameters.
Conclusions. We confirm the validity of the classical seismic scaling relation for surface gravity in metal-poor and evolved star regimes. The remaining discrepancy of 0.04 dex between log gGDR2 (= 1.43 ± 0.03) reduces to 0.02 dex by applying corrections to the scaling relations based on the mean molecular weight and adiabatic exponent. The new constraints on the Hertzsprung–Russell diagram (L⋆ν = 381 ± 26 ℒ⊙) significantly reduce the disagreement between the stellar parameters and evolution models, however, a discrepancy of the order of 150 K still exists. Fine-tuned stellar evolution calculations show that this discrepancy can be reconciled by changing the mixing-length parameter by an amount (−0.35) that is in agreement with predictions from recent 3D simulations and empirical results. Asteroseismic measurements are continuing, and analysis of the full frequency data complemented by a distance estimate promises to bring important constraints on our understanding of this star and of the accurate calibration of the seismic scaling relations in this regime.
Flattened loose particles from numerical simulations compared to particles collected by Rosetta
Authors: Lasue J. , Maroger I. , Botet R. , Garnier Ph. , Merouane S. , Mannel Th. , Levasseur-Regourd A. C. , Bentley M. S. 
Published: March 2019

Context.Cometary dust particles are remnants of the primordial accretion of refractory material that occurred during the initial formation stages of the solar system. Understanding their physical structure can help constrain their accretion process.Aims.The in situ study of dust particles that were collected at slow speeds by instruments on board the Rosetta space mission, including GIADA, MIDAS, and COSIMA, can be used to infer the physical properties, size distribution, and typologies of the dust.Methods.We have developed a simple numerical simulation of aggregate impact flattening to interpret the properties of particles collected by COSIMA. The aspect ratios of flattened particles from simulations and observations are compared to distinguish between initial families of aggregates that are characterized by different fractal dimensionsDf. This dimension can differentiate between certain growth modes: the diffusion limited cluster–cluster aggregates (DLCA,Df≈ 1.8), diffusion limited particle–cluster aggregates (DLPA,Df≈ 2.5), reaction limited cluster–cluster aggregates (RLCA,Df≈ 2.1), and reaction limited particle–cluster aggregates (RLPA,Df≈ 3.0).Results.The diversity of aspect ratios measured by COSIMA is consistent with either two families of aggregates with different initialDf(a family of compact aggregates withDfclose to 2.5–3 and some fluffier aggregates withDf≈ 2) or aggregates formed by a single type of aggregation process, such as DLPA. In that case, the cohesive strength of the dust particles must span a wide range to explain the range of aspect ratios observed by COSIMA. Furthermore, variations in cohesive strength and velocity may play a role in the detected higher aspect ratio range (>0.3).Conclusions.Our work allows us to explain the particle morphologies observed by COSIMA and those generated by laboratory experiments in a consistent framework. Taking into account all observations from the three dust instruments on board Rosetta, we favor an interpretation of our simulations based on two different families of dust particles with significantly distinct fractal dimensions that are ejected from the cometary nucleus.
Phase mixing of nonlinear Alfvén waves
Authors: Prokopyszyn A. P. K. , Hood A. W. , De Moortel I. 
Published: March 2019

Aims. This paper presents 2.5D numerical experiments of Alfvén wave phase mixing and aims to assess the effects of nonlinearities on wave behaviour and dissipation. In addition, this paper aims to quantify how effective the model presented in this work is at providing energy to the coronal volume.Methods. The model is presented and explored through the use of several numerical experiments which were carried out using the Lare2D code. The experiments study footpoint driven Alfvén waves in the neighbourhood of a two-dimensional x-type null point with initially uniform density and plasma pressure. A continuous sinusoidal driver with a constant frequency is used. Each experiment uses different driver amplitudes to compare weakly nonlinear experiments with linear experiments.Results. We find that the wave trains phase-mix owing to variations in the length of each field line and variations in the field strength. The nonlinearities reduce the amount of energy entering the domain, as they reduce the effectiveness of the driver, but they have relatively little effect on the damping rate (for the range of amplitudes studied). The nonlinearities produce density structures which change the natural frequencies of the field lines and hence cause the resonant locations to move. The shifting of the resonant location causes the Poynting flux associated with the driver to decrease. Reducing the magnetic diffusivity increases the energy build-up on the resonant field lines, however, it has little effect on the total amount of energy entering the system. From an order of magnitude estimate, we show that the Poynting flux in our experiments is comparable to the energy requirements of the quiet Sun corona. However a (possibly unphysically) large amount of magnetic diffusion was used however and it remains unclear if the model is able to provide enough energy under actual coronal conditions.
Patient Blood Management: die maschinelle Autotransfusion in der Anästhesiologie
Authors: Westphal Sabine , Zacharowski Kai , Choorapoikayil Suma , Füllenbach Christoph , Meybohm Patrick 
Published: March 2019

ZusammenfassungDie Rückführung von eigenem Blut, das während einer Operation oder bei Wunddrainagen ansonsten verloren ginge, kann äußerst sinnvoll sein. Hierbei wird das Wundblut abgesaugt, in speziellen Geräten aufbereitet und dem Patienten wieder zurückgegeben. Ein großer Vorteil der MAT besteht darin, dass das Blut weder gelagert noch gekühlt werden muss und somit lagerungsbedingte Schäden an den Erythrozyten verhindert werden. Bislang etablierte Einsatzgebiete der MAT sind herzchirurgische, gefäßchirurgische, orthopädische Eingriffe und nach Bestrahlung auch Tumoroperationen.Die MAT ist ein fester Bestandteil des Patient Blood Managements (PBM) und stellt eine effektive Maßnahme dar, um den Fremdblutbedarf bei großen Operationen mit erwarteten Blutverlusten von über 500 ml deutlich zu reduzieren.
Gut versorgt durch die Schwangerschaft
Authors: Stasche Marlein 
Published: March 2019

ZusammenfassungEtwa ein Drittel der Frauen im gebärfähigen Alter in Deutschland hat Übergewicht
oder ist adipös 1. Adipositas wird mit einem
höheren Risiko für Schwangerschafts- und Geburtskomplikationen, kindliche
Fehlbildungen, Früh- und Fehlgeburten, ein hohes kindliches Geburtsgewicht und
für späteres Übergewicht des Kindes verknüpft 2, 3. Bei 13 % der Schwangeren
wurde ein Gestationsdiabetes im Rahmen des Screenings 2014/15 diagnostiziert
4.
Nocebo – Wenn Worte und Informationen krank machen
Authors: Thoms Christiane 
Published: March 2019

SummaryEin Gespräch über Nocebo, die Wirkmacht der Worte und deren Folgen und darüber, wie sich Prof. Dr. Hartmut Schröder, Professor für Sprachgebrauch und Therapeutische Kommunikation, einen optimalen Beipackzettel vorstellt.
Pseudogesunde Patienten in der stationären Psychotherapie – Ein Annäherungsversuch
Authors: Spitzer Carsten , Masuhr Oliver , Jaeger Ulrich , Euler Sebastian 
Published: March 2019

ZusammenfassungEs gibt kaum systematisches Wissen über Patienten, die sich in symptombezogenen Selbstbeurteilungsskalen nicht von der Allgemeinbevölkerung unterscheiden und daher als „pseudogesund“ bezeichnet werden. 4088 stationäre Psychotherapiepatienten wurden explorativ darauf untersucht, wie groß der Anteil dieser Gruppe an der Gesamtstichprobe ist, wie ihre psychische Beeinträchtigung von Behandlerseite eingeschätzt wird, und ob sie in Indikatoren für strukturelle Defizite auffallen. Gut 14% der Stichprobe schätzten sich mittels des GSI der SCL-90-R als „pseudogesund“ ein. Hingegen klassifizierten die Behandler auf Grundlage des BSS nur 6% als klinisch unauffällig, wobei die Übereinstimmung zwischen Patienten- und Therapeuteneinschätzung gering war (κ=0,12). „Pseudogesunde“ Patienten sind strukturell wenig beeinträchtigt. Auf der Basis unserer Studie lässt sich die Gruppe der Pseudogesunden als heterogen beschreiben, ohne dass erklärende Hintergründe derzeit genauer definiert werden können.
Effect of Sociodemographic Factors on Uptake of a Patient-Facing Information Technology Family Health History Risk Assessment Platform
Authors: Wu R. , Myers Rachel , Buchanan Adam , Dimmock David , Fulda Kimberly , Haller Irina , Haga Susanne , Harry Melissa , McCarty Catherine , Neuner Joan , Rakhra-Burris Teji , Sperber Nina , Voils Corrine , Ginsburg Geoffrey , Orlando Lori 
Published: March 2019

Objective Investigate sociodemographic differences in the use of a patient-facing family health history (FHH)-based risk assessment platform.
Methods In this large multisite trial with a diverse patient population, we evaluated the relationship between sociodemographic factors and FHH health risk assessment uptake using an information technology (IT) platform. The entire study was administered online, including consent, baseline survey, and risk assessment completion. We used multivariate logistic regression to model effect of sociodemographic factors on study progression. Quality of FHH data entered as defined as relatives: (1) with age of onset reported on relevant conditions; (2) if deceased, with cause of death and (3) age of death reported; and (4) percentage of relatives with medical history marked as unknown was analyzed using grouped logistic fixed effect regression.
Results A total of 2,514 participants consented with a mean age of 57 and 10.4% minority. Multivariate modeling showed that progression through study stages was more likely for younger (p-value = 0.005), more educated (p-value = 0.004), non-Asian (p-value = 0.009), and female (p-value = 0.005) participants. Those with lower health literacy or information-seeking confidence were also less likely to complete the study. Most significant drop-out occurred during the risk assessment completion phase. Overall, quality of FHH data entered was high with condition's age of onset reported 87.85%, relative's cause of death 85.55% and age of death 93.76%, and relative's medical history marked as unknown 19.75% of the time.
Conclusion A demographically diverse population was able to complete an IT-based risk assessment but there were differences in attrition by sociodemographic factors. More attention should be given to ensure end-user functionality of health IT and leverage electronic medical records to lessen patient burden.
Common Laboratory Results Frequently Misunderstood by a Sample of Mechanical Turk Users
Authors: Qureshi Nabeel , Mehrotra Ateev , Rudin Robert , Fischer Shira 
Published: March 2019

Objectives More patients are receiving their test results via patient portals. Given test results are written using medical jargon, there has been concern that patients may misinterpret these results. Using sample colonoscopy and Pap smear results, our objective was to assess how frequently people can identify the correct diagnosis and when a patient should follow up with a provider.
Methods We used Mechanical Turk—a crowdsourcing tool run by Amazon that enables easy and fast gathering of users to perform tasks like answering questions or identifying objects—to survey individuals who were shown six sample test results (three colonoscopy, three Pap smear) ranging in complexity. For each case, respondents answered multiple choice questions on the correct diagnosis and recommended return time.
Results Among the three colonoscopy cases (n = 642) and three Pap smear cases (n = 642), 63% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 60–67%) and 53% (95% CI: 49–57%) of the respondents chose the correct diagnosis, respectively. For the most complex colonoscopy and Pap smear cases, only 29% (95% CI: 23–35%) and 9% (95% CI: 5–13%) chose the correct diagnosis.
Conclusion People frequently misinterpret colonoscopy and Pap smear test results. Greater emphasis needs to be placed on assisting patients in interpretation.
Mapping developmental maturation of inner hair cell ribbon synapses in the apical mouse cochlea
Authors: Michanski Susann , Smaluch Katharina , Steyer Anna Maria , Chakrabarti Rituparna , Setz Cristian , Oestreicher David , Fischer Christian , Möbius Wiebke , Moser Tobias , Vogl Christian , Wichmann Carolin 
Published: March 2019

Significance
Hearing relies on temporally precise and indefatigable transmission of sensory information mediated by inner hair cell (IHC) ribbon synapses. Synaptic ribbons are electron-dense structures that tether numerous vesicles at the active zone (AZ) and drive neural encoding of acoustical signals by neurotransmitter release. The mechanisms of ribbon formation, AZ targeting and subsequent functional maturation in murine IHCs remain elusive. By combining various high-resolution imaging techniques, we analyzed multiple developmental stages and provide a new hypothesis for the assembly of auditory ribbon synapses from the apical cochlear turn. Our findings suggest that fusion of presynaptic ribbons contributes to the morphological AZ development that is essential for the functional maturation of afferent synaptic transmission within the cochlea.
Molecular basis of chromatin remodeling by Rhp26, a yeast CSB ortholog
Authors: Wang Wei , Xu Jun , Limbo Oliver , Fei Jia , Kassavetis George A. , Chong Jenny , Kadonaga James T. , Russell Paul , Li Bing , Wang Dong 
Published: March 2019

Significance
Cockayne syndrome B protein (CSB), conserved from yeast to humans, plays crucial roles in DNA repair, gene expression, chromatin remodeling, and maintenance. However, the molecular basis of chromatin remodeling by CSB is not well understood. Here we used Rhp26, a yeast CSB ortholog, as a model protein. We revealed that the molecular basis of chromatin remodeling and nucleosomal epitope recognition by Rhp26 is distinct from that of canonical chromatin remodelers. The remodeling activities are bidirectionally regulated by two CSB-specific motifs and depend on H4 tails. This study provides important insights into understanding the molecular mechanisms of chromatin remodeling by CSB and its implications in DNA repair and transcription.
Effects of microstructure formation on the stability of vapor-deposited glasses
Authors: Moore Alex R. , Huang Georgia , Wolf Sarah , Walsh Patrick J. , Fakhraai Zahra , Riggleman Robert A. 
Published: March 2019

Significance
An enhanced rate of surface equilibration is critical in the formation of stable glasses (SGs) upon physical vapor deposition. We investigate the role of two factors in surface equilibration: surface diffusion and molecular relaxation below the free surface. Coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations are used to explore the stability of microstructure-forming molecules. For molecules more prone to microstructure formation, surface diffusion slows due to clustering, while the surface relaxation dynamics slow due to the surface segregation of the tails. Combined, the ability to form SGs is significantly reduced. Importantly, we demonstrate that surface diffusion is not the only factor for SG formation, and significant rearrangements occur below the immediate free surface, resulting in reduced bilayer formation despite tail surface segregation.
Accuracy in telephone interpreting and on-site interpreting
Authors: Wang Jihong , Fang Jing 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Although telephone interpreting is widely used in many countries, very little is known about the quality of
telephone interpreting performance in social service settings. This paper reports on the findings of an exploratory study
investigating the quality of a professional Mandarin/English interpreter’s consecutive interpreting performance in one on-site
interpreting task and two telephone interpreting tasks. All three tasks are simulations of authentic situations. This article has
two aims. The primary aim is to compare the accuracy of the interpreting performance in on-site and telephone interpreting by
using a meaning unit-based quality assessment framework. The secondary aim is to use a Conversation-Analysis-based
micro-analytical approach to explore the nature of accurate interpretations (e.g. strategic additions, strategic omissions) and
problematic interpretations (e.g. unjustifiable omissions, unjustifiable distortions), especially examining the motivations for
these interpretations, the extent to which they are indicative of interpreting difficulties, and their impact on the triadic
communication. A key finding is that the interpreter’s performance was highly accurate in all three interpreting tasks. The
micro-analytical approach has served to identify possible reasons for the interpreter’s accurate and inaccurate
interpretations.