bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Psychiatric Drugs and Antibiotics. When Two Worlds Collide
Authors: Pleșea-Condratovici Alina , Lungu Simona , Mutică Mihai , Pleșea-Condratovici Cătălin 
Published: December 2024

<p><strong>Background:</strong> Both psychotropic medication and antibiotic therapy are extensively prescribed. In many cases, these medications are concurrent and the necessity to analyze this particular drug interaction appears.</p><p><strong>Aims:</strong> To identify in specialized medical databases what these interactions are, which is their biochemical substrate, and which is the optimal method to avoid unwanted drug associations.</p><p><strong>Method:</strong> Abstracts of PubMed database were automatically filtered using a specific search tool, the keyword data being drug interactions psychotropics, antibiotics and their synonyms, and websites dedicated to drug interactions were interrogated on the same subject.</p><p><strong>Results and Discussion:</strong> Given that there is not enough clear data, especially for new developed medicines, it seems that drug interactions between antibiotics and psychotropic drugs are generally benign. Even if specialized web applications to identify drug interactions already exist, their results often differ or are not consistent.</p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> Although interactions between psychotropic and antibiotic drugs appear to be generally benign, more valid data are needed to properly assess their impact on treatment efficiency and the patient’s quality of life. Antibiotics must be prescribed when necessary and it is advisable to avoid antibiotic classes with the most documented drug interactions: Fluoroquinolones, Macrolides and Anti-tuberculosis drugs.
A new partnership framework for education with geoparks at its core: a proposal through the evaluation of the school education program in Shikaoi, Japan
Authors: Xiang Shirou , Watanabe Teiji 
Published: December 2024

The primary objectives of geoparks are to conserve geoheritage, enhance public awareness and understanding of geoscience, and drive sustainable economic growth in local communities. Education acts as the cornerstone in achieving these three objectives, as it provides the necessary foundation for their realization. This study proposes a new educational framework to promote the sustainable development of geoparks by evaluating the effecacy of the past geoeducation program. Specifically, this study focused on the Tokachi-Shikaoi Geopark and Hokkaido Shikaoi High School. A mixed methodology was employed, including content analysis of the textbooks, online questionnaire surveys of high school students, and field interviews with key informants. The results revealed that while geoeducation with well-prepared textbooks was encouraged in schools in Shikaoi Town until 2018, there is a need to revitalize geopark education in an alternative way for the future. We proposed a new partnership framework for the educational program among the geopark, universities, elementary, junior high, and high schools, and other stakeholders to maximize the geopark resources in the proposed program through the effective use of existing textbook assets. The results of the questionnaire surveys found that not only indoor learning with textbooks, but also outdoor learning at geosites is important. The results of the interview survey suggested the need to offer training and support for schoolteachers. To address budget constraints, this study proposed the inclusion of support from universities and the introduction of e-textbooks featuring geopark-related knowledge. This study highlights the crucial role of education in promoting sustainable development in Tokachi-Shikaoi Geopark. The insights gained have broader implications for education in other geoparks, offering valuable guidance for enhancing the quality and effectiveness of education in geoparks.
From Breaches to Breachers
Authors: Christoforidou Despina 
Published: December 2024

This article offers a development of Garfinkel’s (1984) breaching experiments. The discussed breaches are not artificially staged to provoke a reaction, instead they occur naturally in the context, in this case the design field. Also, the focus shifts from the breaches to the people enacting them, the breachers. Three examples of breachers are compared, enabling a deepened understanding of what they have in common, what sets them apart, and what they reveal about the prevalent conditions of the context in which they occur. From a position of in-betweenness/ “mellanförskap”, breachers illuminate blindspots and push the boundaries of what questions are possible to ask in their respective fields. Not only breaches, but also breachers offer valuable friction, building norm awareness that is a premise for norm criticism and ultimately norm creativity.
Biochemical Analysis of Cerebrospinal Fluid in Paediatric Patients: Insights from a Tertiary Hospital in Nigeria
Authors: Otokunefor Ochuko , Wonodi Woroma 
Published: December 2024

Aim: Cerebrospinal fluid analysis is an investigation routinely carried out in patients to make a diagnosis, exclude a diagnosis or treat infectious and non -infectious diseases of the nervous system. Analysis of cerebrospinal fluid could be biochemical, microbiological or hematological.
The aim of the study was to review the characteristics of biochemical analysis of cerebrospinal fluid requests over a one-year period (January to December 2023) in a tertiary health facility.
Study Design: This was a retrospective descriptive study of the biochemical analysis of 106 cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples over a one-year period in a tertiary health facility.
Methodology: Data on the age, sex, diagnosis of the patients and the results of the biochemical analysis of the CSF were analysed using the SPSS 24 and results presented as descriptive data.
Results: A total of 106 CSF specimen were analysed with only two specimen from adults. Most of the specimen were from males (male to female ratio is 2.25:1) while the most common diagnoses for requesting for CSF analysis were meningitis, sepsis and febrile convulsion. Most specimen were sent between the months of October (9%), December (13%) and January to March (37%). The total number of CSF glucose results that were low when compared to the plasma glucose was 45 which is 42.3%. A little lower than a fifth 21 which is 19.8% had increased protein levels.
Conclusion: The CSF biochemistry request pattern showed that most of the specimen were from the paediatrics department, with a higher male preponderance, the three main working diagnoses were, meningitis, sepsis and febrile convulsions. 42.3% of the specimen had reduced glucose levels, while 19.8% had increased protein levels. Improperly filled forms constituted a limitation to the study.
Variability Studies in Soybean Genotypes under Different Water Regimes
Authors: Mishra Sheshnath , Patidar Durgesh 
Published: December 2024

Soybean (Glycine max L.) is economically one of the most important oilseed crop worldwide which have high protein and oil content. Its productivity is frequently affected due to drought occurrence in India. Variability for root shoot traits under early seedling stage under drought stress may be important selection criteria for development of drought tolerant genotypes. The present investigation was carried out at Net house of Experimental Farm, Mandsaur University, Mandsaur. Sixty genotypes, procured from ICAR-IISR, were used to know the extent of genetic variability under different water regimes [normal, 100 ml (100%), S1, 50 ml (50%), S2, 25 ml (25%) and S3,0 ml (0%)] for root-soot traits and relative leaf water content under early seedling stage. Significant genetic variability was recorded for all the traits among genotypes studied under normal and water stress conditions respectively which showed the presence of ample variability in studied material. High Phenotypic Coefficient of Variation than their corresponding Genotypic Coefficient of Variation for the entire trait under different water regimes denoted influence of environment on these traits. The large genetic variation found in these genotypes may be used to develop varieties with better drought tolerance behavior and used as drought donor lines in drought breeding programs. We measured high heritability for selected characters under non water stress condition (75.05% to 100%) and water stress conditions S1 (81.40% to 100%), S2 (85.69% to 100%) and S3 (92.60% to 99.26%) respectively. Additive gene action interacted to control characters under different water regimes because high broad sense heritability along with high genetic advance as percentage of mean were recorded for most of traits. It is indicating that simple phenotypic selection would be effective for these traits under water stress condition.
Comparative Effects of Organic Nutrient Sources on Green Gram (Vigna radiata L.) Quality and Soil Properties
Authors: Patoliya S. V. , Patel P. M. , Timbadia C.K. 
Published: December 2024

A field experiment was conducted during summer season of the year 2020-21 on organic certified plot A-7 at Agronomy Farm, B. A. College of Agriculture, Anand Agricultural University, Anand, Gujarat. Different sources of organic manures were tested using randomized block design with four replications. The treatment T7 (50% N through FYM followed by Seed treatment of Rhizobium) recorded significantly higher available nitrogen content (212 kg/ha) in soil and also same behaviour observed in available phosphorus content in soil. The treatment T9 (50% N through castor cake followed by Seed treatment of Rhizobium) recorded significantly higher available phosphorus content in soil. Significantly higher value of EC of soil (0.18) was found in treatment T1, which was significantly higher EC of soil (0.11) which was recorded with treatment T9. Higher organic carbon (0.65%) of soil after harvest of green gram was observed in treatment T8. Significantly higher nitrogen content in seed of green gram was obtained with application of treatments T10. Treatment T2 [Rhizobium (5.0 mL/kg seed treatment and 1.0 L/ha soil application)] recorded significantly higher Rhizobium population in soil at harvest of green gram. Subsequent, treatment T6 (100 % N through neem cake) recorded significantly higher phosphorus solubilising bacteria (PSB) population in soil as compared to control. The maximum net return 63287 INR/ha was obtained with application of treatment T10 (50% N through NC + Rhizobium seed treatment) followed by treatment T7 (50% N through FYM + Rhizobium seed treatment) with net realization of 54063 INR/ha. With respect to benefit cost ratio, the highest 3.62 BCR was achieved with Treatment T7, which closely followed by treatment T2 (Rhizobium seed treatment + 1.0 L/ha soil application) having BCR of 3.52.
Antimicrobial Resistance Profile of Salmonella Enterica Isolated from Improved Poultry Breed Farming Chain, Maharashtra, India
Authors: Rasve Radha , Waghamare Rupesh , Siddiqui Feroz , Jadhav Nitin , Khose Kakasaheb , Kuntawar Nandini 
Published: December 2024

Aims: With rising demand for poultry meat, globally backyard farms have adopted semi-intensive systems using improved birds. Food safety is a prime issue in antimicrobial-resistant Salmonella spp. found in meat, which has often been traced back to farms.
Study Design: We carried out a cross-sectional prospective study.
Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted in selected districts of Maharashtra India during October 2023 to March 2024.
Methodology: A total of 364 samples were collected from improved indigenous poultry breed hatcheries (n=5), improved indigenous breed commercial farms (n=5), and improved breed rearing backyard poultry setups (n=30) in Marathwada, Maharashtra state, India. The isolation of Salmonella spp. was carried out as per IS-5887 (Part 3): 1999 protocol. The bacterial isolates were further identified by cultural, microscopic morphology and biochemical characteristics (BAM 2007). Confirmation of Salmonella spp. was done by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays with primers designed for the invA gene. All Salmonella isolates were subjected for antibiotic susceptibility testing by disk diffusion method against 14 commonly used antimicrobials. Further, isolates were characterized for the presence of blaTEM, blaSHV, blaOXA, blaCTXM, tetA, and Sul1 AMR genes.
Results: A total of 15 isolates recovered with prevalence rates of 4.83, 6.36, and 1.53 percent in hatcheries, farms, and backyard households, respectively. Five isolates that were randomly analyzed showed a homologous sequence as Salmonella enterica. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of all isolates revealed higher resistance against Erythromycin (100%), followed by Ceftazidime (40%), while sensitivity (93.33%), was recorded against Ampicillin/Sulbactam, Amoxicillin/Sulbactam, and Enrofloxacin. The average multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) index, of Salmonella isolates was 0.117. Genotypic resistance pattern revealed that all isolates (100%) were carrying the blaTEM gene, while none were harbouring broad spectrum extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (blaSHV, blaOXA, and blaCTXM) genes. All isolates were positive for the tetA gene (100%) but none of them was positive for Sul1 genes.
Conclusion: The study highlights the low antimicrobial resistance in Salmonella isolates isolated from Improved Poultry Breed Farming Chain, which might be due to low usage of antimicrobials. However, monitoring of multidrug-resistant Salmonella enterica in improved poultry breed farming chains is essential to protect human health.
Non‐Fenton‐Type Hydroxyl Radical Generation and Photothermal Effect by Mitochondria‐Targeted WSSe/MnO2 Nanocomposite Loaded with Isoniazid for Synergistic Anticancer Treatment
Authors: Cheng Yaru , Yang Fan , Zhang Kai , Zhang Yiyi , Cao Yu , Liu Conghui , Lu Huiting , Dong Haifeng , Zhang Xueji 
Published: September 2019

AbstractHere, in terms of the highly reactive oxidative hydroxyl radical (•OH) generation ability of isoniazid (INH) catalyzed by Mn2+ ion and the photothermal effect of WSSe nanoflakes, a WSSe/MnO2‐INH nanocomposite for synergistic anticancer treatment is developed. Advanced INH‐induced •OH formation ability is systemically demonstrated in the presence of manganese and relevant non‐Fenton‐type mechanism, and good photothermal conversion efficiency of the WSSe/MnO2 nanocomposite. After modifying with mitochondria‐targeted triphenylphosphonium bromide (TPP) moieties and camouflaging with cancer cells membrane (WSSe/MnO2‐INH‐TPP@CM), it confers a sequential cell‐to‐mitochondria targeting ability. In vivo X‐ray computed tomography and magnetic resonance tumor imaging capability of the nanocomposite are also revealed. The mitochondria‐targeted oxidative damage and photothermal therapy by WSSe/MnO2‐INH‐TPP@CM results in excellent anticancer treatment efficacy both in vitro and in vivo. This is the first exploration of the possibility of non‐Fenton‐type •OH formation for anticancer treatment, which opens new opportunities for ROS‐based and combined cancer treatment strategies.
Nanoscale Organic Thermoelectric Materials: Measurement, Theoretical Models, and Optimization Strategies
Authors: Zeng Yu‐Jia , Wu Dan , Cao Xuan‐Hao , Zhou Wu‐Xing , Tang Li‐Ming , Chen Ke‐Qiu 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe demands for waste heat energy recovery from industrial production, solar energy, and electronic devices have resulted in increasing attention being focused on thermoelectric materials. Over the past two decades, significant progress is achieved in inorganic thermoelectric materials. In addition, with the proliferation of wireless mobile devices, economical, efficient, lightweight, and bio‐friendly organic thermoelectric (OTE) materials have gradually become promising candidates for thermoelectric devices used in room‐temperature environments. With the development of experimental measurement techniques, the manufacturing for nanoscale thermoelectric devices has become possible. A large number of studies have demonstrated the excellent performance of nanoscale thermoelectric devices, and further improvement of their thermoelectric conversion efficiency is expected to have a significant impact on global energy consumption. Here, the development of experimental measurement methods, theoretical models, and performance modulation for nanoscale OTE materials are summarized. Suggestions and prospects for the future development of these devices are also provided.
Tuning Oxygen Redox Chemistry in Li‐Rich Mn‐Based Layered Oxide Cathodes by Modulating Cation Arrangement
Authors: Zhang Jicheng , Cheng Fangyi , Chou Shulei , Wang Jianli , Gu Lin , Wang Heng , Yoshikawa Hirofumi , Lu Yong , Chen Jun 
Published: September 2019

AbstractLi‐rich Mn‐based oxides (LRMO) are promising cathode materials to build next‐generation lithium‐ion batteries with high energy density exceeding 400 W h kg−1. However, due to a lack of in‐depth understanding of oxygen redox chemistry in LRMO, voltage decay is not resolved thoroughly. Here, it is demonstrated that the oxygen redox chemistry could be tuned by modulating cation arrangement. It declares that the materials with Li/Ni disorder and Li vacancies can inhibit the formation of OO dimers. Because of the high chemical activity, OO dimers could accelerate lattice oxygen release and NiO/spinel formation. The samples without forming OO dimers show improved performance in suppressing oxygen overoxidation and mitigating cation dissolution. As a result, the optimized cathode exhibits a high capacity over 280 mA h g−1 at 0.1 C and a high plateau voltage of 3.58 V with a very low voltage decay of 1.6% after 150 cycles at 1 C. This study opens an attractive path in designing Li‐rich electrodes with stabilized redox chemistry.
A Bifunctional and Free‐Standing Organic Composite Film with High Flexibility and Good Tensile Strength for Tribological and Electrochemical Applications
Authors: Ahmad Aziz , Imani Abolhassan , Mao Lijuan , Iqbal Rashid , Zhang Hui , Ghazi Zahid Ali , Ahmad Rashid , Khan Adnan Ali , Xie Lijing , Chen Cheng‐Meng , Zhang Zhong , Wei Zhixiang 
Published: September 2019

AbstractWith the development of flexible electronics, flexible lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) have attracted fabulous attention in the emerging field of wearable and bendable electronic system. The performance of flexible batteries during deformation mainly depends on the electrode flexibility with high mechanical properties. Herein, for the first time, the tribological and electrochemical applications of a flexible organic composite film made of poly(anthraquinonyl sulfide) and single‐wall carbon nanotubes (PAQS‐SWCNTs) are systematically investigated. By employing the tribological measurements and tracking the worn surfaces, the PAQS‐40% SWCNTs film show high adhesive phenomenon with 50% and ≈80% reduction in coefficient of friction (COF) and specific wear rate. As a flexible organic cathode in LIBs, the same film delivers an initial capacity of 194 mAh g−1at 0.1 C and retains almost the same capacity when it is backtested at 0.1 C. Moreover, the PAQS‐40% SWCNTs cathode retains 81.1% of its initial capacity after 406 cycles with a current speed of 0.5 C. Simulated results show the more stable properties of PAQS with two Li‐ion insertions (PAQS‐2Li+) than the monolithiated PAQS (PAQS‐1Li+) in virtue of its highest negative binding energies. A prototype flexible lithium battery is assembled, which delivers an initial capacity of 151 mAh g−1, respectively.
Enhancing the Purity of Reflective Structural Colors with Ultrathin Bilayer Media as Effective Ideal Absorbers
Authors: Yang Zhengmei , Ji Chengang , Liu Dong , Guo L. Jay 
Published: September 2019

AbstractStructural colors of high purity and brightness are desired in various applications. This study presents a general strategy of selecting the appropriate material and thickness of each layer to create high‐purity reflective colors in a classic asymmetric Fabry–Pérot cavity structure based on a dielectric–absorber–dielectric–metal multilayered configuration. Guided by the derived complex refractive index of the ideal absorber layer, an effective absorbing bilayer medium consisting of two ultrathin lossy films is used to improve the color purity of reflective colors by suppressing the reflection of its complementary colors with the enhanced optical absorption. Highly pure red, green, and blue reflective colors are designed and experimentally demonstrated employing different effective bilayer absorbers. Due to the high refractive index of the dielectric material, the colored structures exhibit great angle‐robust appearance (blue and red colors are up to ±60°, and green color is up to ±45°). The generalized design principles and the proposed method of using effective bilayer absorbers open up new avenues for realizing high‐purity thin‐film structural colors with more materials selections.
Atomic‐ and Molecular‐Level Design of Functional Metal–Organic Frameworks (MOFs) and Derivatives for Energy and Environmental Applications
Authors: Yilmaz Gamze , Peh Shing Bo , Zhao Dan , Ho Ghim Wei 
Published: September 2019

AbstractContinuing population growth and accelerated fossil‐fuel consumption with recent technological advancements have engendered energy and environmental concerns, urging researchers to develop advanced functional materials to overcome the associated problems. Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have emerged as frontier materials due to their unique porous organic–inorganic hybrid periodic assembly and exceptional diversity in structural properties and chemical functionalities. In particular, the modular nature and modularity‐dependent activity of MOFs and MOF derivatives have accentuated the delicate atomic‐ and molecular design and synthesis of MOFs, and their meticulous conversion into carbons and transition‐metal‐based materials. Synthetic control over framework architecture, content, and reactivity has led to unprecedented merits relevant to various energy and environmental applications. Herein, an overview of the atomic‐ and molecular‐design strategies of MOFs to realize application‐targeted properties is provided. Recent progress on the development of MOFs and MOF derivatives based on these strategies, along with their performance, is summarized with a special emphasis on design–structure and functionality–activity relationships. Next, the respective energy‐ and environmental‐related applications of catalysis and energy storage, as well as gas storage‐separation and water harvesting with close association to the energy–water–environment nexus are highlighted. Last, perspectives on current challenges and recommendations for further development of MOF‐based materials are also discussed.
Guest Exchange Mechanisms in Mono‐Metallic PdII/PtII‐Cages Based on a Tetra‐Pyridyl Calix[4]pyrrole Ligand
Authors: Escobar Luis , Escudero‐Adán Eduardo C. , Ballester Pablo 
Published: September 2019

AbstractPlanar pyridyl N‐oxides are encapsulated in mono‐metallic PdII/PtII‐cages based on a tetra‐pyridyl calix[4]pyrrole ligand. The exchange dynamics of the cage complexes are slow on both the NMR chemical shift and EXSY timescales, but encapsulation of the guests by the cages is fast on the human timescale. A “French doors” mechanism, involving the rotation of the meso‐phenyl walls of the cages, allows the passage of the planar guests. The encapsulation of quinuclidine N‐oxide, a sterically more demanding guest, is slower than pyridyl N‐oxides in the PdII‐cage, and does not take place in the PtII counterpart. A modification of the encapsulation mechanism for the quinuclidine N‐oxide is postulated that requires the partial dissociation of the PdII‐cage. The substrate binding selectivity featured by the cages is related to their different guest uptake/release mechanisms.