bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Generic Fluorescent Markers for Detection of Extracellular Vesicles by Flow Cytometry
Authors: de Rond Leonie , van der Pol Edwin , Hau Chi M , Varga Zoltan , Sturk Auguste , van Leeuwen Ton G , Nieuwland Rienk , Coumans Frank A W 
Published: February 2018

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) in biofluids are potential biomarkers of disease. To explore the clinical relevance of EVs, a specific generic EV marker would be useful, one that does not require antibodies and binds to all EVs. Here we evaluated 5 commonly used generic markers for flow cytometry.

METHODS
Flow cytometry (A60-Micro, Apogee) was used to evaluate the ability of the generic EV markers calcein acetoxymethyl ester, calcein acetoxymethyl ester violet, carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl ester (CFSE), 4-(2-[6-(dioctylamino)-2-naphthalenyl]ethenyl)-1-(3-sulfopropyl)pyridinium (di-8-ANEPPS), and lactadherin to stain EVs from MCF7 human breast adenocarcinoma cell line-conditioned culture medium [epithelial cell adhesion molecule positive (EpCAM+)] or platelet EVs from human plasma [integrin β3 positive (CD61+)]. Side scatter triggering was applied as a reference, and the influence of non-EV components (proteins and lipoproteins) was evaluated.

RESULTS
Di-8-ANEPPS, lactadherin, and side scatter detected 100% of EpCAM+ MCF7 EVs. Lactadherin and side scatter detected 33% and 61% of CD61+ EVs, respectively. Di-8-ANEPPS detected platelet EVs only if soluble protein was first removed. Because all generic markers stained proteins, at best 33% of platelet EVs in plasma were detected. The calcein markers and CFSE were either insensitive to EVs in both samples or associated with swarm detection.

CONCLUSIONS
None of the generic markers detected all and only EVs in plasma. Side scatter triggering detected the highest concentration of plasma EVs on our A60-Micro, followed by lactadherin. The choice between scatter or lactadherin primarily depends on the analytical sensitivity of the flow cytometer used.
Exploring Potential of Fly Ash–Bentonite Mix as a Liner Material in Waste Containment Systems Under Concept of Sponge City
Authors: Buragohain Poly , Garg Ankit , Lin Peng , Hong Min , Yi Zhang , Sreedeep S 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Many studies have been conducted to evaluate fly ash as an additive for the modification of hydraulic properties of soil. However, rarely are studies carried out that quantify physiochemical, strength, and hydraulic properties of fly ash–bentonite mix. Fly ash–bentonite mix may have the potential to be used as a landfill liner material instead of conventional sand in sand-bentonite landfills. Also, with the introduction of the new concept of sponge city, one of the aims of which is to minimize contamination and maximize the use of waste material, the exploration of fly ash–bentonite mix as a cover material in retention systems is highly crucial. The main objective of this study is to explore physicochemical, strength, and hydraulic properties as well as sorption characteristics of fly ash–bentonite mix. The sorption characteristics of the fly ash–bentonite mix for two heavy metals, lead ions (Pb+2) and nickel ions (Ni+2), were investigated. A criterion based on cation exchange capacity (CEC) and specific surface area (SSA) has been proposed. The study also developed correlations for estimating the CEC of soils with SSA and other soil parameters. Hydraulic conductivity decreases approximately four orders of magnitude with an increase in 30 % of bentonite. Unconfined compressive strength (UCS) is found to increase first (up to 40 % fly ash) and then reduces with further increase in fly ash. Furthermore, the curing time is also found to affect UCS significantly. The findings stated that the mix of 70 % or lower fly ash content (in fly ash–bentonite mix) is able to meet standard requirements for hydraulic conductivity and UCS. The Langmuir isotherm is found to better represent sorption behavior of fly ash–expansive soil, with nickel and lead as model contaminants. All the mixes considered in this study exhibited maximum uptake of Pb+2. Sorption decreases very mildly for mixes that have some expansive soil content, whereas it reduces drastically for only fly ash content.
Iterative Kernel Principal Component for Large-Scale Data Set
Authors: Shi Weiya 
Published: February 2018

AbstractKernel principal component analysis (KPCA) is a popular nonlinear feature extraction method that uses eigendecomposition techniques to extract the principal components in the feature space. Most of the existing approaches are not feasible for analyzing large-scale data sets because of extensive storage needs and computation costs. To overcome these disadvantages, an efficient iterative method for computing kernel principal components is proposed. First, the power iteration is used to compute the first eigenvalue and the corresponding eigenvector. Then Schur-Weilandt deflation is repeatedly applied to obtain other higher order eigenvectors. No computation and storage of the kernel matrix is involved in this procedure. Instead, each row of the kernel matrix is calculated sequentially through the iterations. Thus, the kernel principal components can be computed without relying on the traditional eigendecomposition. The space complexity of the proposed method is O(m), and the time complexity is also greatly reduced. We illustrate the effectiveness of our approach through a series of real data experiments.
Assessment of Sputtered Chromium Oxide-Nitride Coatings
Authors: Dave Divyeshkumar P. , Patel Nicky P. , Chauhan Kamlesh V. , Rawal Sushant K. 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
The main purpose of this research work is to explore the formation of chromium oxide-nitride coatings by radio frequency (RF) magnetron sputtering using chromium as a target, oxygen and nitrogen as reactive gases, along with helium as an inert gas. The consequence of temperature variation on the formation of chromium oxide-nitride coatings and their properties is reported in this paper. The identification of respective oxide/nitride phases of chromium was done by X-ray diffraction. A wettability study of chromium oxide-nitride coatings was done using a contact angle–measuring system. Initially, at a lower deposition temperature of 200°C, the deposited films were amorphous. However, when the temperature was increased from 200°C to 600°C, the formation of crystalline films was observed, and its wettability behavior was transmuted from hydrophilic to hydrophobic. The influence of temperature variation on the tribological properties of mixed chromium oxide-nitride coatings is examined.
Vitamin D, PCOS and androgens in men: a systematic review
Authors: Trummer Christian , Pilz Stefan , Schwetz Verena , Obermayer-Pietsch Barbara , Lerchbaum Elisabeth 
Published: February 2018

Background
Accumulating evidence from animal and human studies suggests that vitamin D is involved in many functions of the reproductive system in both genders.

Aim
The aim of this review was to provide an overview on the effects of vitamin D on polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in women and androgen metabolism in men.

Methods
We performed a systematic literature search in PubMed for relevant English language publications published from January 2012 until September 2017.

Results and discussion
The vitamin D receptor and vitamin D-metabolizing enzymes are found in reproductive tissues of women and men. In women, vitamin D status has been associated with several features of PCOS. In detail, cross-sectional data suggest a regulatory role of vitamin D in PCOS-related aspects such as ovulatory dysfunction, insulin resistance as well as hyperandrogenism. Moreover, results from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) suggest that vitamin D supplementation may be beneficial for metabolic, endocrine and fertility aspects in PCOS. In men, vitamin D status has been associated with androgen levels and hypogonadism. Further, there is some evidence for a favorable effect of vitamin D supplementation on testosterone concentrations, although others failed to show a significant effect on testosterone levels.

Conclusion
In summary, vitamin D deficiency is associated with adverse fertility outcomes including PCOS and hypogonadism, but the evidence is insufficient to establish causality. High-quality RCTs are needed to further evaluate the effects of vitamin D supplementation in PCOS women as well as on androgen levels in men.
Gol y memoria: el fútbol en la narrativa en lengua española del XXI
Authors: Cames David García 
Published: February 2018

El fútbol es un relato que el aficionado busca fijar en la memoria. La literatura aporta al balompié la creación de un universo simbólico que persigue trascender los acontecimientos de la cancha. Este artículo plantea una panorámica a través de la narrativa del fútbol en lengua española del siglo XXI, poniendo de relieve sus principales dinámicas, autores y obras. El cuento y la novela conviven durante estos años con formas híbridas a medio camino del ensayo y la ficción. Escritores a uno y otro lado del Atlántico consolidan el tratamiento literario del fútbol como motivo de indagación estética y sentimental. El gol, para muchos de ellos, puede ser epifanía, pasión y metáfora.
Sabores e amores na cozinha de Laura Esquivel
Authors: Dos Santos Jenison Alisson , Lúcio Ana Cristina Marinho 
Published: February 2018

O presente artigo propõe uma análise do romance Como água para chocolate, de Laura Esquivel, numa perspectiva afetiva, com o objetivo de demonstrar como a autora mexicana utiliza recursos gastronômicos em sua narrativa para recodificar e ressignificar a expressão de sentimentos de suas personagens, como amor, ódio, austeridade e ressentimento. Abordar o romance de Esquivel a partir do escopo proposto nos permite identificar a comida e seu consumo não apenas isoladamente como um processo biológico, mas também como uma possibilidade de perceber, sentir e ler o mundo e as relações interpessoais através de uma ressonância emocional oferecida pelo dado culinário. É igualmente relevante apontar o caráter subversivo que o elemento gastronômico proporciona à diegese, uma vez que é a partir do manuseio da comida que a personagem principal, Tita De la Garza, constrói suas subjetividades e encontra a sua própria voz em um espaço de opressão.
As cidades de Juan Carlos Onetti
Authors: Müller Iuri Almeida 
Published: February 2018

Este trabalho busca analisar a forma com que o espaço urbano é representado na primeira fase de escritura do autor uruguaio Juan Carlos Onetti, bem como os elementos utilizados na construção literária de Santa María, cidade ficcional criada por Onetti e que está presente em seus contos e romances, como A vida breve. Da mesma forma, a partir da observação de mapas, o ensaio busca compreender como o deslocamento dos personagens, nos contos “Regreso al sur”, de Onetti, e “El sur”, de Jorge Luis Borges, explicita questões culturais e geográficas referentes à cidade moderna – neste caso, a cidade de Buenos Aires.
Las revistas: ¿Fin de un proyecto?
Authors: Pesce Pablo Hugo Rocca 
Published: February 2018

Después de servir como conducto principal para la trasmisión del pensamiento y para la circulación de los textos literarios durante toda la edad moderna, las revistas están amenazadas por el imperio de Internet. Este artículo revisa algunos momentos en que la producción textual, los autores, los bienes culturales y los lectores se traman desde el periodismo y la revista cultural (sobre todo literaria), a partir de varios ejemplos latinoamericanos, para concluir en algunas propuestas sobre las actuales posibilidades.
Relative and absolute density estimates of land planarians (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida) in urban rainforest patches
Authors: Carbayo Fernando , Matarensi Junior Odair , Jucá Marília 
Published: February 2018

Land planarians (Platyhelminthes) are likely important components of the soil cryptofauna, although relevant aspects of their ecology such as their density remain largely unstudied. We investigated absolute and relative densities of flatworms in three patches of secondary Brazilian Atlantic rainforest in an urban environment. Two methods of sampling were carried out, one consisting of 90 hours of active search in delimited plots covering 6,000 m² over a year, and the other consisting of leaf litter extraction from a 60 m² soil area, totaling 480‑600 l leaf litter. We found 288 specimens of 16 species belonging to the genera Geobia, Geoplana, Issoca, Luteostriata, Obama, Paraba, Pasipha, Rhynchodemus, Xerapoa, and the exotic species Bipalium kewense and Dolichoplana striata. Specimens up to 10 mm long were mostly sampled only with the leaf litter extraction method. Absolute densities, calculated from data obtained with leaf litter extraction, ranged between 1.25 and 2.10 individuals m‑². These values are 30 to 161 times higher than relative densities, calculated from data obtained by active search. Since most common sampling method used in land planarian studies on species composition and faunal inventories is active search for a few hours in a locality, our results suggest that small species might be overlooked. It remains to be tested whether similar densities of this cryptofauna are also found in primary forests.
Influência do ciclo lunar no padrão de atividade de Cuniculus paca (Rodentia: Cuniculidae) em uma floresta de Mata Atlântica no Sul do Brasil
Authors: Pereira Alan Deivid , Bastiani Elvira de , Bazilio Sérgio 
Published: February 2018

Information on the activity period is relevant to understand how species adapt themselves and persist in their environment. The influence of moonlight on the activity pattern of mammals has already been reported for certain species. Ten photo-traps set during 12 months were distributed in a fragment of the Atlantic Rainforest in southern Brazil to verify whether moon phases had any effect on the activity period of Cuniculus paca. Ninety-six registers of C. paca were obtained in 8,928 hours of photo-traps. A prevalent night activity pattern (92%) was reported, with most registries occurring during the new moon phase (40%) and the lowest number during the full moon phase (12%), with differences between activity peaks according to the moon phases. Data showed that C. paca reacts negatively to high moonlight and decreases its circadian cycle in nights with a full moon.
Presupuestos configurativos de responsabilidad del estado legislador
Authors: Mejia Turizo Jorge , Navarro Villacob José 
Published: February 2018

En este artículo se desarrollará una de las forma de responsabilidad por daños en que puede incurrir el Estado, denominada por algunos responsabilidad por el hecho de las leyes o también conocida por otros como responsabilidad del estado legislador. Se abordará partiendo desde su formación y consolidación histórica en la jurisprudencia comparada, especialmente la francesa y española, siguiendo con los criterios esenciales que dan lugar a su configuración, de acuerdo a si las leyes fueron objeto de una inexequilidad o sin que está declaratoria se haya efectuado, en todo caso de la norma se deriva la producción de un daño.
Vliv smykové viskozity a elasticity na senzorickou viskozitu modelových kapalných potravin
Authors: Novotna P. , Houska M. , Sopr V. , Valentova H. , Stern P. 
Published: February 2018

The shear flow rheological properties of sugar solutions (70% w/w concentration) modified by different cellulose derivatives have been measured. Thickeners were expected to cause the viscoelastic behaviour of the resulting sol ution. Therefore, the elastic rheological parameters were measured by oscillatory shear technique (phase angle, elastic modulus) and also the first normal stress difference N<sub>1</sub>. The increase of thickener concen tration caused a moderate increase of non-Newtonian behaviour in the shear flow. The sensory viscosity (ra nged between 0 and 100%) was evaluated by five different methods - as an effort for stirring with teaspoon, time for flowing down the spoon, slurping from spoon, compression between tongue and palate and swallowing. The influence of shear viscosity and first normal difference on sensory viscosity was tested. Correlation procedu re between change of sensory viscosity .tlSE and change of shear viscosity .tlJ.Iz showed that only for swallowing there is a statistically evident de­pendence. The correlation between change of sensory viscosity t.SE and first normal stress difference N<sub>1</sub> is not statistically evident. For all the methods of sensory evaluation the dependence between these parameters is only weak and indirect (with increasing normal stress difference the sensory viscosity is decreasing).
Relevance of folic acid fortification of foods in the nutrition of women and children
Authors: Uherova R. , Horkulicova M. , Mikusova M. 
Published: February 2018

Folic acid and its biologically active derivates (folacin or folates) rank among the B-group vitamins due to their hydrophilic character. This acid occurs in nature either in the free form or it is bound to proteins or polysaccharides. Folic acid belongs to the group of vitamins which, in the past were not considered important because the relevance of the acid in biological processes of the living cell has been discovered by the scientific research only in recent years. Folates play an important role as co-enzymes in the synthesis of RNA, DNA, proteins and of some essential amino acids. Therefore they are inevitable for the haematopoiesis, growth and reproduction of cells. In this sense a widely oriented research named "Maternal Folate Status" is proceeding in the U.S.A., Australia and France.
Voltinism of the European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis Hbn., in Poland
Authors: Cagáň Ľ. , Sobota G. , Gabryš B. , Kania C. 
Published: February 2018

From 1992 to 1996 the voltinism of the European com borer, Ostrinia nubilalis Hbn., was investigated in Poland. During the study, over 6000 larvae were collected in maize stalks in autumn. In 1994, pupal cases were observed in stalks. This indicated the development of second generation adults of the pest. Pupal cases were not found in other years of the study. The difference between 1994 and the other years was found when the degree-days accumulation at base 10°C was calculated for the periods between July 1 and July 19 (daylight 15 hrs 58 min), or July 29 (daylight 15 hrs 32 min). These values were highest in 1994 and reached 246.5°C, or 414.0°C respectively. The results indicate that degree-days accumulation during the whole year is not responsible for the development of the second generation. It appears that high temperatures in July (not only at the beginning, but also at the end) influenced the development of the second generation of 0. nubilalis in Poland. Average July daily temperatures in 1994 were extremely high (24.5°C). Such temperatures can allow a small partial development of the second generation of O. nubilalis at a relatively cold location like Wroclaw in Poland with a standard annual mean temperature of 8.3°C.
Personalized System of Instruction (PSI) and Lesson Study (LS): a comparative analysis of two successful teaching methods
Authors: Médici Arthur Damião , Carmo João Dos Santos 
Published: February 2018

<p>Educational researchers are concerned with the investigation and improvement of teaching methods, and data obtained this study evidences their efficacy. The Personalized System of Instruction (PSI) and Lesson Study (LS) are two evidence-based effective teaching methods applied in varied disciplines in several countries with different theoretical backgrounds, procedures and evaluation strategies. In general, PSI research focuses on student development, lesson planning relies on an instructor, instructions are written, evaluation based on experimental manipulation, and shortcomings involve issues like student procrastination, excessive preparation and supervisor training time. LS research focuses on teacher and student development, instructions are varied, the assessment is based on a performance of the student, and teacher perception and shortcomings include excessive meeting time. This article suggests that both PSI and LS can benefit from the investigating implementation of each other’s features.</p>
Agricultural Extension: Challenges of Extension service for rural poor and youth in Amhara Region, North Western Ethiopia. The Case of North Gondar Zone
Authors: Petros Mrs.Tigist , Nachimuthu Dr.Kavitha , Atinikut Mr. Haimanot , Mohammed Mr. 
Published: February 2018

Ethiopia is one of the countries on the African continent with highest agricultural potential. Its natural resources base is the foundation of any economic development, food security and other basic necessities of its people. Predominantly smallholder agriculture is the dominant sector of the national economy. Smallholder agriculture is the dominant sector of the national economy. To boost the production and productivity of the agriculture sector; the extension systems is expected to play paramount role. However, the agricultural system is still characterized by low level of Agricultural service delivery practice that couldn’t move the existing traditional agriculture in to modern. The objective of the study is toexamine constraints in addressing women farmers and rural youth and to assess constraints of extension system in promoting agricultural technologies to farmers in the study area. Primary and Secondary data was collected for the study purpose. In addition to respondents’ interview, focus group discussion, key informants interview and case studies were used for qualitative data analysis. Descriptive statistics of mean, standard devotions and percent was applied. For statistical tests, chi-square, T-test, Pearson and spearman’s correlation coefficient were employed. As a conclusion, the challenges of existing public agricultural extension service provision institutional, technological and technical and in terms of addressing cross-cutting issues such as environment and gender as theses have wider contexts to look into existing endogenous and exogenous constraints.
Toxoplasma gondii seropositivity in pregnancies with normal delivery and complicated with abortion
Authors: DİNÇGEZ ÇAKMAK Burcu , DÜNDAR Betül , BAYRAM Feyza , ÖZGEN Gülten 
Published: February 2018

Objective: Toxoplasma infection during pregnancy may cause remarkable
mortality and morbidityin fetus due to transplacental transmission. It has
fetal consequences such as abortion, stillbirth and congenital malformations.
In the Turkish literature, there is limited investigations evaluating the
prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii among
pregnancies complicated with abortion. The aim of this study is to compare the Toxoplasma seropositivity between
pregnancies with normal delivery and complicated with abortion. Methods:
This is a retrospective, single center study conducted between May 2015 and
June 2016. We included 412 patients in the study group and 828 patients in the
control group. The study group (Group 1) was compromised of pregnants whose
pregnancies were complicated with abortion and the control group (Group 2) was
pregnants with normal delivery. Toxoplasma
IgM and IgG seropositivity were compared between two groups. Results:
There was no difference between two groups in terms of sociodemographic
features (p &gt; 0.05). Toxoplasma IgM was positive in 62 (5%)
patients and IgG was positive in 282 (22.9%) patients in all groups. In
subgroup analysis Toxoplasma IgM was
found to be positive in 27 (6.6%) patients in Group 1 and 35 (4.2%) patients in
Group 2. Moreover, Toxoplasma IgG was
positive in 125 (30.6%) patients in Group 1 and in 157 (19.2%) patients in
Group 2. Toxoplasma IgM and Toxoplasma IgG were significantly higher
in Group 1 (p = 0.023 and p = 0.016, respectively). Conclusion:
We concluded that Toxoplasma
seropositivity is high in our country and routine screening is essential for
pregnancies. Toxoplasmosis may play a role in the etiology of abortion.