bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Treatment of auricular keloids by triple combination therapy: Surgical excision, platelet‐rich plasma, and cryosurgery
Authors: Azzam Ehab Zaki , Omar Salma Samir 
Published: April 2018

SummaryBackgroundSurgical excision alone for auricular keloids is frequently followed by recurrence making combining treatment options necessary.ObjectiveWe aimed to assess the long‐term efficacy of combining surgical excision, cryosurgery, and platelet‐rich plasma (PRP) in treatment of auricular keloids.MethodsThis interventional study was carried out on fifty auricular keloids in 50 patients. Patients were subjected to a combination therapy of surgical excision of the keloids, intraoperative cryosurgery, and PRP injections. The primary endpoint was defined as the number of patients who achieved major flattening of the keloid (reduction of more than 80% of the keloid) after a follow‐up of 12 months.ResultsAfter follow‐up of 12 months, 74% of the keloids achieved complete flattening in 10 cases and significant flattening in 14 cases. Thirty‐four of the 50 keloids (68%) were treated with only excision, cryosurgery, and PRP and did not relapse. Three keloids (6%) had minor relapse after the first treatment but were considered persistent major flattening at the end of the study. Three other keloids (6%) needed intralesional triamcinolone to achieve major or complete flattening without further relapse. Treatment failure was observed in 30% who achieved <30% reduction in their surface. Treatment side effects were transient pain and focal hypoesthesia.ConclusionsThis combination therapy was effective for treatment of auricular keloids, with a low recurrence rate and a favorable cosmetic outcome. Therapy was well tolerated and without significant side effects.
Exploring Interior Designers’ Research Utilization Strategies and Information–Seeking Behaviors
Authors: Huber Amy 
Published: April 2018

Research findings that remain unknown to design practitioners stand little chance of improving their design processes or project outcomes. The research utilization gap is evident from both the perspectives of scholars and design practitioners. While design scholars have long lamented practitioners’ apparent indifference toward scholarly research, some interior designers and architects attribute their apathy to irrelevance. The few strategies that have been offered to reconcile this divide largely remain untested. Consequently, little is known about practitioner motivations for seeking information and their patterns of behavior while doing so. This study used Pelz's Research Utilization Strategies and Hëinstrom's Information–Seeking Behaviors to gain a contemporary understanding of interior designers’ information preferences (i.e., their motivations for seeking information and their activities while doing so). Findings stemming from 104 commercial interior designers and managers suggest that designers value information, often seeking sources for their general enlightenment. However, analysis revealed a statistically significant preference for rapid reviewing processes. Differences were also revealed between information preferences and the age and experience of respondents, such that inexperienced designers were more likely to use information to confirm beliefs rather than explore a problem. The apparent dichotomy between interior designers’ desire to seek information and their often cursory behaviors while reviewing it, suggests that scholars who aim to share their findings with practitioner audiences may need to reexamine their dissemination strategies. Findings suggest confusion surrounding the ethical and appropriate application of information within project settings and design educators may wish to emphasize the application of research in studio settings.
Potentially malignant disorders revisited—The lichenoid lesion/proliferative verrucous leukoplakia conundrum
Authors: Thomson Peter J. , Goodson Michaela L. , Smith Daniel R. 
Published: April 2018

BackgroundClinically identifiable potentially malignant disorders (PMD) precede oral squamous cell carcinoma development. Oral lichenoid lesions (OLL) and proliferative verrucous leukoplakia (PVL) are specific precursor lesions believed to exhibit both treatment resistance and a high risk of malignant transformation (MT).MethodsA retrospective review of 590 PMD patients treated in Northern England by CO2 laser surgery between 1996 and 2014 was carried out. Lesions exhibiting lichenoid or proliferative verrucous features were identified from the patient database and their clinicopathological features and outcome post‐treatment determined at the study census date of 31 December 2014.ResultsOne hundred and 98 patients were identified as follows: 118 OLL and 80 PVL, most frequently leukoplakia at ventrolateral tongue and floor of mouth sites, equally distributed between males and females. Most exhibited dysplasia on incision biopsy (72% OLL; 85% PVL) and were treated by laser excision rather than ablation (88.1% OLL; 86.25% PVL). OLL were more common in younger patients (OLL 57.1 year; PVL 62.25 years; P = .008) and more likely than PVL to present as erythroleukoplakia (OLL 15.3%; PVL 2.5%; P = .003). Whilst no significant difference was seen between OLL and PVL achieving disease‐free status (69.5% and 65%, respectively; P = .55), this was less than the overall PMD cohort (74.2%). MT was identified in 2 OLL (1.7%) and 2 PVL (2.5%) during follow‐up.ConclusionOne‐third of PMD cases showed features of OLL or PVL, probably representing a disease presentation continuum. Post‐treatment disease‐free status was less common in OLL and PVL, although MT was infrequent.
Pollination in Lilium sargentiae (Liliaceae) and the first confirmation of long‐tongued hawkmoths as a pollinator niche in Asia
Authors: Liu Chang‐Qiu , Sun Hang 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe geographical distribution of pollinators is an important factor determining the biogeographical pattern of floral evolution and diversification. In Africa, a guild of plant species has converged in a floral syndrome for pollination by long‐tongued hawkmoths (predominantly Agrius convolvuli). It is hypothesized that such floral convergence could track the geographical distribution of long‐tongued hawkmoths, so it may not be confined to Africa. We investigated the pollination biology of Lilium sargentiae E. H. Wilson, which is endemic to China and exhibits traits suggestive of long‐tongued hawkmoth pollination. Lilium sargentiae was visited by A. convolvuli as well as small beetles (Nitidulidae) but pollination was mostly or totally effected by the moth. It was consistent with other hawkmoth‐pollinated plants in terms of floral tube length, nectar traits, tepal reflectance, and scent composition. We present the first experimental evidence for the hypothesis proposed above and for hawkmoth pollination in the widespread and ornamentally and economically important genus Lilium L. in a natural habitat. Our findings imply that long‐tongued hawkmoths (especially the extremely widespread A. convolvuli) as a distinctive pollinator niche may have underlain the evolution of long‐tubed (>8 cm) flowers across different continents.
Teaching Multistep Equations with Virtual Manipulatives to Secondary Students with Learning Disabilities
Authors: Satsangi Rajiv , Hammer Rachel , Evmenova Anya S. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractStudents with learning disabilities often struggle with the academic demands presented in secondary mathematics curricula. To combat these students’ struggles, researchers have studied various pedagogical practices and classroom technologies for teaching standards covered in subjects such as algebra and geometry. However, as the role of computer‐ and tablet‐based technologies in education grows, some areas of study, such as the use of virtual manipulatives, lack exploration. This study sought to assess the benefits of virtual manipulatives to teach secondary students with a learning disability in mathematics how to solve multistep algebraic equations. A multiple baseline design across three participants demonstrated a functional relation between the use of a virtual manipulative balance and teaching students to acquire, maintain, and generalize the skill of solving multistep algebraic equations. Results provide new evidence demonstrating virtual manipulatives as a beneficial age‐appropriate technology to teach higher order mathematical concepts to secondary students with a learning disability.
Fractional crystallization of the lunar magma ocean: Updating the dominant paradigm
Authors: Rapp J. F. , Draper D. S. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractWe report results of systematic experimental simulation of fractional crystallization of a lunar magma ocean (LMO) with the Lunar Primitive Upper Mantle bulk composition. These results complement prior work that simulated equilibrium crystallization. In contrast to previous numerical models for investigating magma ocean solidification processes and implications, our combined program simulates these processes directly using petrologic experimentation. Our experiments mimic LMO crystallization that is fractional throughout the process, rather than switching from initially equilibrium to fractional crystallization partway through. To do this, we adopted an iterative approach in which the starting material for each run is synthesized using the composition of the melt phase from the prior run. We compare our results to those from long‐standing numerical models of LMO crystallization and show that although some features of those models are broadly reproduced, there are key differences in liquid lines of descent and the cumulate lithologies generated. Our results can be used to estimate the possible thickness of a primordial lunar crust formed from flotation of plagioclase during magma ocean solidification. Our estimate is greater than that from the recent Gravity Recovery and Interior Laboratory (GRAIL) mission, but consistent with the criteria on which the starting bulk composition was originally calculated. It assumes perfectly efficient separation of all plagioclase formed from the crystallizing magma ocean, which is likely not the case. We also demonstrate that a non‐chondritic bulk composition, with respect to trace elements, is not required in order to generate a KREEP (potassium, rare earth elements, and phosphorus) signature from magma ocean crystallization.
Tourism Labor, Embodied Suffering, and the Deportation Regime in the Dominican Republic
Authors: Padilla Mark , Colón‐Burgos José Félix , Varas‐Díaz Nelson , Matiz‐Reyes Armando , Parker Caroline Mary 
Published: April 2018

AbstractIn this article, we use syndemic theory to examine socio‐structural factors that result in heightened vulnerability to HIV infection and drug addiction among Dominican deportees who survive post‐deportation through informal tourism labor. Through an ongoing NIDA‐funded ethnographic study of the syndemic of HIV and problematic drug use among men involved in tourism labor in the Dominican Republic, we argue that the legal and political–economic context of the global deportation regime contributes to structural vulnerabilities among deportees in the Dominican Republic, most of whom are men with histories of incarceration in the United States and/or Puerto Rico. While Dominican laws and institutional practices work conjointly with foreign policies to reconfigure non‐criminal deportees as hardened criminals unworthy of full citizenship rights, the informal tourism economy provides one of the few absorption points for male deportee labor, linking the deportation regime directly to the Caribbean tourism industry.
Macroeconomic stability in a flexible labor market
Authors: Oh Jong‐seok 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThis paper examines the relationship between labor market flexibility and macroeconomic stability from a post‐Keynesian perspective. Considering two aspects of labor market flexibility, employment flexibility and real wage flexibility, I adopt the flex–output model to discuss employment flexibility and extend it by incorporating real wage dynamics induced from a wage–price Phillips curve to discuss real wage flexibility. Simulation of the model suggests that employment flexibility possibly increases instability of an economy whereas real wage flexibility reduces it.
Postage stamp iconography in post‐Saddam Iraq: sect‐specific symbols or nationalist imagery?
Authors: Efrati Noga 
Published: April 2018

AbstractAmong scholars seeking a framework for analysing post‐2003 intercommunal strife in Iraq, a sectarian master narrative gained dominance. It portrayed Iraq as an artificial creation of imperial powers, lacking a national identity. Scholarly challenge, however, has been gaining momentum. The study of postage stamp iconography presents a novel venue with which to contribute to this debate. Indeed, researchers of nations and nationalism emphasis the role stamps play in the visual construction and reproduction of national narratives and identities. The postage stamp imagery surveyed in post‐Saddam Iraq (2003–2011) is incompatible with the sectarian narrative. Rather, it reflects symbols that are consistent with territorial‐patriotic nationalism. Some evidence supports the notion that those in power used stamp iconography as a means of nationalist indoctrination; other evidence suggests that the government sought to enhance its legitimacy by embracing popular values. Either or both motivations lend credence to nationalism having considerable purchase in post‐Saddam Iraq.
The benefits and burdens of organizational reputation for employee well‐being: A conservation of resources approach
Authors: Baer Michael D. , Bundy Jonathan , Garud Niharika , Kim Ji Koung 
Published: April 2018

AbstractWe consider the possibility that a positive organizational reputation brings both benefits and burdens to employees working for those organizations. Drawing from the “Red Queen” notion in competitive strategy and from conservation of resources theory, we argue that although organizational reputation can cause employees to identify more strongly with the organization, it may also pressure employees to commit more of their time to the job. In turn, increased organizational identification and time commitment have contrasting effects on employees’ emotional exhaustion. Following recent theorizing in the reputation literature, we also test the proposal that the effects of organizational reputation—a collective‐level representation—are mediated through employees’ individual‐level perceptions. Taken together, our theoretical model suggests that organizational reputation, through employees’ perceptions of that reputation, simultaneously serves as a benefit that reduces emotional exhaustion via organizational identification, but also as a burden that increases emotional exhaustion via additional time commitment. In turn, we demonstrate that these dynamics have both positive and negative implications for employees’ counterproductive work behavior. Our arguments are confirmed in a multiwave, multisource study of employees from a diverse range of organizations.
The Evil‐god challenge part I: History and recent developments
Authors: Lancaster‐Thomas Asha 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe Evil‐god challenge has enjoyed a flurry of attention after its resurrection in Stephen Law's, paper of the same name. Intended to undermine classical monotheism, the Evil‐god challenge rests on the claim that the existence of all‐powerful, all‐knowing, all‐evil god (Evil‐god) is roughly as likely as the existence of an all‐powerful, all‐knowing, all‐good god (Good‐god). The onus is then placed on those who believe in Good‐god to explain why their belief should be considered significantly more reasonable than belief in Evil‐god. In this paper, I provide a comprehensive exposition of the Evil‐god challenge by exploring its history and recent developments. The forthcoming part II paper will present and address the main objections that have been posed to the Evil‐god challenge and consider its implications for classical monotheism.
Linking internal and external signals for performance monitoring: An event‐related potential study
Authors: Valt Christian , Sprengeler Mona Katharina , Stürmer Birgit 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe present study explored the relevance of internal signals for the dynamics of personal and nonpersonal feedback processing. To this end, pairs of participants performed concurrently a choice‐response task and received external signals in four feedback contexts. In two contexts, feedback was informative about the personal performance (personal/private and personal/public); in the other two contexts, instructions suggested that feedback was informative about the other participant's performance (nonpersonal/other) or that it was random (nonpersonal/random). Since personal feedback was contingent on performance, the two contexts with personal feedback allowed a reference between internal and external signals. This reference significantly affected personal feedback processing. On the one hand, in the processing of personal feedback, the feedback‐related negativities (FRNs) evoked by feedback associated with distinctively fast or slow responses were less negative than the FRN elicited by feedback related to responses made with average speed. On the other hand, feedback signals evoked FRNs with similar amplitudes in the two contexts with nonpersonal feedback. Furthermore, personal and nonpersonal feedback elicited ERPs with different strength. Starting with the P2 potential, personal feedback evoked a more positive electrophysiological response than nonpersonal feedback. Based on these results, we conclude that a link between internal and external signals, as for personal feedback, is a key factor influencing the dynamics of feedback processing.
Measuring the Relationship between State Environmental Justice Action and Air Pollution Inequality, 1990–2009
Authors: Bullock Clair , Ard Kerry , Saalman Grace 
Published: April 2018

AbstractOver 20 years have passed since Executive Order 12898 put environmental justice (EJ) issues on the policy agenda. Since this time, EJ has technically remained a policy priority at all levels of government. However, despite this apparent commitment to EJ, research has shown over the decades after the passage of the Executive Order, we still see persistent trends in inequality of air pollution exposure by race. This begs the question: are EJ policies actually working to create environmentally just outcomes? This article seeks to evaluate this question by examining the impact of state EJ policies on disproportionate exposure to air pollution, with the goal of understanding what types of state actions, if any, are associated with decreases in pollution inequality.
The Role of Technology Centers as Intermediary Organizations Facilitating Links for Innovation: Four Cases of Federal Technology Centers in Mexico
Authors: Stezano Federico 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThis article presents a review of the discussion and debate around the intermediation functions carried out by technology centers (TCs), considered key organizations in the dynamics of national innovation processes based on collaboration between actors. I discuss the organizational roles and R&D strategies assumed by four Mexican TCs within the Mexican National Council of Science and Technology (CONACYT) in order to encourage productive cooperation based on technology transfer and knowledge transfer. Grounded on this empirical referent, the present study analyzes critical structural factors in terms of organizational governance schemes, connections with regional innovation dynamics, and the national science‐industry cooperation strategies behind the configuration of the analyzed TCs, which have determined their organizational action profiles.
Incentivising the Social Discounting Task: A Laboratory Experiment
Authors: Booysen Frederik , Munro Alistair , Guvuriro Sevias , Moloi Tshepo , Campher Celeste 
Published: April 2018

AbstractIncentivising the social discounting task impacts the measurement of altruism in a student population. Incentivised subjects are more altruistic at close social distances, especially subjects who are less altruistic, thus providing evidence of reciprocal altruism. There is also some evidence of hypothetical bias among more altruistically inclined subjects. Making payments real also influences the subject's choice of recipient. Paid subjects select more geographically distant, but psychologically closer subjects, because of prospects for increased anonymity and enforced reciprocity, respectively. Further research is required to verify the robustness of these results, in the laboratory and especially in the field.
Clinical problems in hemodialysis patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease
Authors: Kocyigit Ismail , Eroglu Eray , Gungor Ozkan 
Published: April 2018

AbstractAutosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is a common monogenic disease characterized by massive enlargement of fluid‐filled cysts in the kidney. Due to its genetic pattern, the disease differs from other CKD. ADPKD is a multi‐system, progressive disorder which is frequently complicated with hypertension, cardiovascular events and cerebrovascular disease. Thus, there are many clinical problems specific to ADPKD. In this article, we reviewed these clinical problems and their management in ADPKD with hemodialysis patients.
Sample collection and sample handling errors submitted to the transfusion error surveillance system, 2006 to 2015
Authors: Strauss Rachel , Downie Helen , Wilson Ann , Mounchili Aboubaker , Berry Brian , Cserti‐Gazdewich Christine , Callum Jeannie 
Published: April 2018

BACKGROUNDIn Canada, transfusion‐related errors are voluntarily reported to a tracking system with the goal to systematically improve transfusion safety. This report provides an analysis of sample collection (SC) and sample handling (SH) errors from this national error‐tracking system.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODSErrors from 2006 to 2015 from 23 participating sites were extracted. A survey was conducted to obtain information regarding institutional policies. Samples received in the blood bank were used to calculate rates. “Wrong blood in tube” (WBIT) errors are blood taken from wrong patient and labeled with intended patient's information, or blood taken from intended patient but labeled with another patient's information.RESULTSA total of 42,363 SC and 14,666 SH errors were reported. Predefined low‐severity (low potential for harm) and high‐severity errors (potential for fatal outcomes) increased from 2006 to 2015 (low SC, SH: 13‐27, 3‐12 per 1000; high SC, SH: 1.9‐3.7, 0.5‐2.0 per 1000). The WBIT rate decreased from 12 to 5.8 per 10,000 between 2006 and 2015 (p < 0.0001). The overall WBIT rate was 6.2 per 10,000, with variability by site (median, 0.3 per 10,000; range, 0‐17 per 10,000). Sites with error detection mechanisms, such as regrouping second sample requirements, had lower error rates than sites that did not (SC, SH: 12, 1 per 1000 samples vs. 17, 3 per 1000 samples; p < 0.0001).CONCLUSIONWBIT rates decreased significantly. Low‐severity error rates are climbing likely due to increased ascertainment and reporting. Prevention studies are necessary to inform changes to blood transfusion standards to eliminate these errors.