bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gastric cancer prevention targeted on risk assessment: Gastritis OLGA staging
Authors: Rugge Massimo , Sugano Kentaro , Scarpignato Carmelo , Sacchi Diana , Oblitas Walker Jove , Naccarato Antonio Giuseppe 
Published: February 2019

AbstractGastric cancer (GC) ranks among the most lethal epithelial malignancies, and its striking mortality rate prompts a global prevention strategy. Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) gastritis is the main GC promoter, and the 2014 Global Kyoto conference recognized H. pylori gastritis as a (treatable) infectious disease. It is therefore plausible that any large‐scale intervention for H. pylori eradication would result in cleansing the world of the fifth cause of cancer‐related death. Atrophic gastritis is the cancerization field in which GCs (both intestinal and diffuse histotypes) mainly develop. Discontinuing the inflammatory cascade triggered by H. pylori is tantamount to preventing GC. For patients (still infected or eradicated) who have already developed gastric atrophy, the severity/topography of the atrophic changes correlates with their cancer risk. Gastritis OLGA (Operative Link for Gastritis Assessment) staging consistently ranks the atrophy‐associated cancer risk, providing a solid clinical/biological rationale for establishing patient‐specific surveillance programs. By combining primary and secondary prevention strategies, gastric cancer is a preventable disease.
Measuring the economic impact of universities operating in unstable environments: The case of a private institution in Lebanon
Authors: Nauffal Diane I. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThis paper evaluates the economic impact of a university in a country characterised by the scarcity of significant data and quantitative information. It uses an input–output model that permits the use of gross domestic product (GDP) deflators to portray the economy of years following a year for which a complete data set input is possible. Using commonly available administrative data, the model not only allows for the calculation of monetary multipliers but also employment multipliers that play a major role in the educational sector. The study highlights the role of Higher Education in promoting economic development, even under difficult political, economic and security conditions, where lack of stability is the norm and aims to demonstrate that not only well‐known historically grounded universities have significant economic impact but also smaller emerging universities play an important role in the development of their national economies.
Morphofunctional characteristics of skeletal muscle in rats with cerebral palsy
Authors: Buratti Pâmela , Covatti Caroline , Centenaro Lígia Aline , Brancalhão Rose Meire Costa , Torrejais Marcia Miranda 
Published: February 2019

SummaryKnowledge of skeletal muscle adaptations is important to understand the functional deficits in cerebral palsy (CP). This study aimed to investigate the morphofunctional characteristics of skeletal muscle in a CP animal model. Initially, pregnant Wistar rats were injected intraperitoneally with saline or lipopolysaccharide over the last five days of pregnancy. The control group (n = 8) consisted of male pups born to females injected with saline. The CP group (n = 8) consisted of male pups born to females injected with lipopolysaccharide, which were submitted to perinatal anoxia [day of birth, postnatal day 0 (P0)] and sensorimotor restriction (P1‐P30). The open‐field test was undertaken on P29 and P45. On P48, the animals were weighed, and the plantaris muscle was collected and its weight and length were measured. Transverse sections were stained with haematoxylin‐eosin, NADH‐TR, Masson's trichrome and non‐specific esterase reaction for analysis. and transmission electron microscopy was performed. In the CP group, reductions were observed in mobility time, number of crossings and rearing frequency, body weight, muscle weight and length, and nucleus‐to‐fibre and capillary‐to‐fibre ratios. There was a statistically significant increase in the percentage area of the muscle section occupied by collagen; reduction in the area and increase in the number of type I muscle fibres; increase in myofibrillar disorganization and Z‐line disorganization and dissolution; and reduction in the area and largest and smallest diameters of neuromuscular junctions. Thus this animal model of CP produced morphofunctional alterations in skeletal muscle, that were associated with evidence of motor deficits as demonstrated by the open‐field test.
Investigation on low‐temperature sintered AlN nanoceramics with high thermal conductivity
Authors: He Yi‐Ling , Wu Hue‐Min 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe aim of this research was to investigate the effect of sintering additive and relatively low‐sintering temperature on the thermal conductivity of aluminum nitride nanoceramic. While using nanosized AlN powder and liquid‐phase sintering additives, the various sintering processes were performed at temperatures 1400 and 1500°C for several hours. In the analysis methods, thermal conductivity (K) and thermal diffusivity (α) were measured using thermal conductivity analyzer (Hot Disk), scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to observe the surface morphology of the microstructure, x‐ray diffraction analyzer (XRD) to analyze the grain size and crystal structure, Raman spectroscopy (Raman) emission spectrum was analyzed to identify the material microstructure and the densities of AlN specimens were measured by Archimedes method. It was found that the thermal conductivity is related to the densification of nanosize low‐temperature sintered material, which can be controlled by additives and sintering temperature. With Y2O3 sintering add, the densification of AlN for low‐temperature sintering increased by the factor of ～5% to ～12%, and the thermal conductivity was enhanced by 25%. The relative density observed in this research is about 78%‐84%, and the thermal conductivity measured is in the range of 9‐14 W/mK.
Experience in management of porphyria cutanea tarda in a tertiary referral Brazilian hospital from 2002 to 2017
Authors: Cabezas Arteaga Julia Elisa , Vieira Fatima Mendonça Jorge , Silva dos Reis Vitor Manoel 
Published: February 2019

AbstractBackgroundPorphyria cutanea tarda (PCT) is the most common porphyria worldwide. The known acquired precipitating factors that induce PCT include alcoholism, hepatitis C virus infection, human immunodeficiency virus infection, and estrogen intake. Hereditary hemochromatosis is considered an inherited risk factor. The aim of this study was to describe and analyze precipitating factors and family history, with emphasis on PCT management.MethodsA retrospective study of 87 patients with PCT was conducted between January 2002 and December 2017.ResultsA male predominance of 1.8 : 1 was found. The median age at diagnosis was 49 years (range 18–71). Family history of PCT was observed in 19.5% of patients. Two or more acquired precipitating factors were present in 42.5%. Patients were treated with antimalarial monotherapy (72.4%), antimalarial combined with phlebotomy (22.9%), and only with phlebotomy (4.6%). Acquired precipitating factors and inherited factors were not associated with treatment group. There was a difference in 24 h‐UP normalization rate between treatment groups; combined therapy takes longer than antimalarial monotherapy, 38 months versus 15 months, respectively (CI 95%, 6.5–63.5 vs. 12.9–17) (log‐rank test, P = 0.004).ConclusionPrecipitating factors did not seem to be associated with treatment choice; however, all acquired and inherited precipitating factors should be investigated, and the choice between phlebotomy and/or antimalarials should be individualized. All dermatologists treating PCT patients should observe transferrin saturation and ferritin levels to search for underlying hereditary hemochromatosis.
A genetic algorithm for optimizing space utilization in aircraft hangar shop
Authors: Li Xin , Wang Z.X. , Chan Felix T.S. , Chung S.H. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThis study considers the aircraft placement problem in aircraft hangar shops (AHS) encountered by aircraft service companies. AHSs usually have irregular shapes, and aircraft, too, have special shapes. Moreover, frequent operations involving moving aircraft in and out are complicated. For these reasons, aircraft placement is difficult. The present study deals with operations management in AHS to optimize space utilization by placing a greater number of aircraft, which would greatly benefit aircraft services companies. Herein, a novel genetic algorithm (GA) based approach is applied to optimize space utilization. To exactly express the problem, practical and operational principles, including both in AHS and in outdoor areas, are abstracted based on interviews with the staff of an aircraft service company. Then, the placement space is modeled in an x–y coordinate system. In addition, a two‐dimensional geometry model for aircraft, consisting of seven parameters, is developed. Based on these works, a novel GA for solving the aircraft placement problem is developed. Finally, a practical instance with eight aircraft serviced by a company is tested. All eight aircraft are placed well by using the proposed approach. Compared to the previous scenario, where at most seven aircraft could be placed well, the proposed approach will greatly benefit aircraft service companies.
Determinants of individual investment decisions in investment‐based crowdfunding
Authors: Hervé Fabrice , Manthé Elodie , Sannajust Aurélie , Schwienbacher Armin 
Published: February 2019

AbstractWe investigate determinants of investment decisions in investment‐based (equity and bond) crowdfunding campaigns, using a novel investment‐, investor‐ and campaign‐level database, where equity refers to investments in entrepreneurial start‐ups and bonds to large real estate projects. We find that investors who have higher social interactions invest more. Social interactions are important in an equity crowdfunding context but do not affect participation in bond investments. This is consistent with the view that investors' social networks help reduce information asymmetry. Women invest less in the riskiest (equity) investments but more in safer ones (bonds). These findings are better explained by differences in risk aversion than differences in overconfidence between men and women. Overall, the findings contribute to the understanding of how investment‐based crowdfunding can be a viable source of entrepreneurial finance and how entrepreneurs' campaign decisions affect investor participation in this new form of entrepreneurial finance.
A walk on water: comparing the influence of Ai Chi and Tai Chi on fall risk and verbal working memory in ageing people with intellectual disabilities – a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Nissim M. , Hutzler Y. , Goldstein A. 
Published: February 2019

BackgroundAquatic motor intervention has been found to be effective in reducing falls and improving verbal working memory among the general population. However, effects among older adults with intellectual disabilities (ID) have never been explored. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of aquatic motor intervention on fall risk and verbal working memory among older adults with ID.MethodsForty‐one older adults with mild to moderate ID (age: 50–66 years) were randomly assigned to 14 weeks of aquatic motor intervention (Ai Chi: N = 19) or identical on‐land motor intervention (Tai Chi: N = 22). Fall risk, measured with the Tinetti balance assessment tool (TBAT), and verbal working memory, measured with the digit span forward test, were assessed pre‐intervention, after 7 weeks of intervention and post‐intervention.ResultsStudy results indicate positive effects of both aquatic and on‐land motor intervention on TBAT fall risk score, while the aquatic motor intervention group improved TBAT fall risk score quicker as compared with the on‐land motor intervention group. Moreover, the lower the pre‐intervention TBAT score was, the higher the improvement. In addition, study findings support the positive effects of aquatic motor intervention on verbal working memory ability as measured with the digit span forward test.ConclusionsMotor intervention, and particularly in an aquatic environment, can potentially reduce fall risk. Aquatic motor intervention may help to improve verbal working memory among older adults with ID.
‘We've made the best of it. But we do not have a normal life’: families' experiences of tuberous sclerosis complex and seizure management
Authors: McDonald A. , Goodwin J. , Roberts S. , Fish L. , Vaughan B. , Cooper A. , Cadwgan J. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractBackgroundTuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is a complex multisystem genetic disorder. Approximately 84% of people with TSC have epilepsy. However, there is little literature available regarding families' experiences with TSC and seizure management. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to explore families' positive and negative experiences, and attitudes towards TSC, epilepsy and medical management of seizures.MethodsFramework analysis informed an open exploration of families' experiences with TSC, epilepsy and medical management of seizures. Using structured interviews, 11 parents of people with TSC and 2 people with TSC were interviewed, providing the data set for transcription and thematic analysis.Results‘TSC rules our life’ overarched three subordinate themes: ‘Our normal’, ‘Burnout’ and ‘Seizure management has given us our life back’. Families had to adapt to the normality of needing to constantly supervise their child even as they become an adult. They express a feeling of fear particularly of seizures, and this has impact throughout the family. There are frequent expressions of exhaustion and struggling to fight for access and support. There are some positives and cautious hope with the gaining of control from seizures as being able to predict or plan improves activity and participation. These interviews provided a rich insight into the lives of those with TSC and their families.ConclusionThere are exciting developments with respect to scientific understanding of the pathophysiology of TSC, which opens opportunity for new treatments. Holistic family centred health care and practical support (e.g. opportunities for parental respite) is as important as medical intervention. As TSC is such a complex condition, there is a need for specialist clinics and TSC‐specific research.
GM1 promotes TrkA‐mediated neuroblastoma cell differentiation by occupying a plasma membrane domain different from TrkA
Authors: Chiricozzi Elena , Biase Erika Di , Maggioni Margherita , Lunghi Giulia , Fazzari Maria , Pomè Diego Yuri , Casellato Riccardo , Loberto Nicoletta , Mauri Laura , Sonnino Sandro 
Published: February 2019

AbstractRecently, we highlighted that the ganglioside GM1 promotes neuroblastoma cells differentiation by activating the TrkA receptor through the formation of a TrkA–GM1 oligosaccharide complex at the cell surface. To study the TrkA–GM1 interaction, we synthesized two radioactive GM1 derivatives presenting a photoactivable nitrophenylazide group at the end of lipid moiety, 1 or at position 6 of external galactose, 2; and a radioactive oligosaccharide portion of GM1 carrying the nitrophenylazide group at position 1 of glucose, 3. The three compounds were singly administered to cultured neuroblastoma Neuro2a cells under established conditions that allow cell surface interactions. After UV activation of photoactivable compounds, the proteins were analyzed by PAGE separation. The formation of cross‐linked TrkA–GM1 derivatives complexes was identified by both radioimaging and immunoblotting. Results indicated that the administration of compounds 2 and 3, carrying the photoactivable group on the oligosaccharide, led to the formation of a radioactive TrkA complex, while the administration of compound 1 did not. This underlines that the TrkA–GM1 interaction directly involves the GM1 oligosaccharide, but not the ceramide. To better understand how GM1 relates to the TrkA, we isolated plasma membrane lipid rafts. As expected, GM1 was found in the rigid detergent‐resistant fractions, while TrkA was found as a detergent soluble fraction component. These results suggest that TrkA and GM1 belong to separate membrane domains: probably TrkA interacts by ‘flopping’ down its extracellular portion onto the membrane, approaching its interplay site to the oligosaccharide portion of GM1.
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Self‐Management Behaviors in Relation to Psychological Factors and Interdialytic Weight Gain Among Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis in Indonesia
Authors: Natashia Dhea , Yen Miaofen , Chen Hsing‐Mei , Fetzer Susan J. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractPurposeThe purpose of this study was to understand the influence of demographic and psychological factors on self‐management behaviors and interdialytic weight gain (IDWG) as a fluid adherence marker among patients undergoing hemodialysis in Indonesia.DesignA quantitative correlational study.MethodA convenience sample of 145 patients undergoing hemodialysis was recruited from the dialysis units in two hospitals in Jakarta from September to December 2015. Questionnaires were used to examine self‐management behaviors, depression, anxiety, and stress. Data for IDWG were obtained by subtracting the individual's predialysis weight from his or her postdialysis weight from the previous session. Hierarchical multiple linear regression identified the predictors of IDWG.ResultsSelf‐advocacy was ranked the least performed self‐management behavior, while medication adherence was ranked the most likely to be performed. Among the subscales of the Self‐Management Behavior Indices, positive correlations were found between the communication dimension with all psychological factors (depression, anxiety, and stress), while self‐advocacy had positive correlation with anxiety. Subjects gained a mean of 4.5% of their postdialysis weight, with over 50% exceeding the recommended 4% IDWG. Overall, 53.6% of the IDWG was explained by the weekly duration of hemodialysis, level of depression, communication, partnership in care, and self‐advocacy.ConclusionsSelf‐management behaviors are potential predictors that can be modified by nephrology nurses in order to enhance clinical outcomes, with the specific outcome being IDWG. Self‐management behaviors contribute to the promotion of appropriate IDWG. Depressed patients are less likely to adhere to weight gain restrictions.Clinical RelevanceEducation combined with training in self‐management behaviors—particularly communication, becoming a partner in care, and advocating for care—may improve adherence to IDWG guidelines among Indonesian hemodialysis patients. Interventions targeting depressed patients are needed.
Who is the Neoliberal? Exploring Neoliberal Beliefs across East and West
Authors: Beattie Peter , Bettache Karim , Chong Kristy Ching Yee 
Published: February 2019

AbstractResearch in political psychology has uncovered “elective affinities” between psychological traits and political ideology. Strong correlations have been found linking psychological variables to political‐economic beliefs in Western countries. These results suggest that people's psychological traits influence the development of their ideology, making some ideas, explanations, prescriptions, and ways of understanding the world seem more convincing or satisfying than others. Most such investigations have focused on differences along the liberal‐conservative ideological spectrum in the United States, or the left–right divide in Europe and (the rest of) the Americas. Relatively little research has examined psychological elective affinities with neoliberal ideology in particular, and none to our knowledge has been done outside of the West (including Turkey), except for Israel. We report the results of a preliminary investigation into the psychological correlates of neoliberal ideology in Hong Kong, India, and the United States. Our U.S. results replicate earlier research introducing the Neoliberal Beliefs Index, whereas our Hong Kong and Indian results reveal similarities and differences in the psychological traits associated with neoliberal beliefs.
Spray‐dried porcine plasma improves feed intake of weaned piglets subjected to heat stress
Authors: dos Santos Cerqueira Luis Gustavo , Schinckel Allan Paul , Silveira Hebert , Kuribayashi Thiago Hiroshi , Moreira Rennan Herculano Rufino , Lisboa Ítalo de Oliveira , Cantarelli Vínicius de Souza , Pospissil Garbossa Cesar Augusto 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of spray‐dried porcine plasma (SDPP) on performance, measurement of thyroid hormones triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4), body temperature and relative organ weights of weaned piglets exposed to a heat stress or a thermoneutral environment. One hundred and forty‐four piglets with initial BW of 5.82 ± 0.33 kg (28 d old) were used. The experimental design was a 4 x 2 factorial arrangement, four plasma levels (0.0, 2.5, 5.0 and 7.5%) and two environments (34º [heat stress (HS)] and 24°C [thermoneutral (TN)]). SDPP was fed from weaning (28 d of age) to the end of the trial (piglets were weighed at the beginning, 7, 21 and 35 days of trial). Rectal, neck, shoulder and leg temperatures were measured every seven days. At 21 days of trial, one piglet per pen was slaughtered to determine the weight of the carcass and organs. Blood samples were collected at 18 and 35 days of trial to determine levels T3 and T4. The rectal, neck, shoulder and leg temperatures were increased (p < 0.05) 0.4, 1.5, 1.0 and 1.3ºC, respectively, and relative weight of the lungs (p < 0.05) and total T3 (p < 0.05) were decreased 0.001 kg/kg and 0.19 ng/dl, respectively, for pigs in the HS environment. The estimated inclusion of 5.1% of SDPP had the greatest (p < 0.05) weight gain during the first week, and throughout the nursery phase, the 5% of inclusion had a tendency of improvement (p = 0.075), regardless of ambient temperature. For the entire period, pigs reared in the HS environment had the greatest (p < 0.05) estimated feed intake by the quadratic regression with the inclusion of 4.3% of SDPP.
α‐Ketoisocaproate and β‐hydroxy‐β‐methyl butyrate regulate fatty acid composition and lipid metabolism in skeletal muscle of growing pigs
Authors: Zhong Yinzhao , Song Bo , Zheng Changbing , Li Fengna , Kong Xiangfeng , Duan Yehui , Deng Jinping 
Published: February 2019

AbstractObjectivesThis study aims to investigate the effects and roles of excess leucine (Leu) versus its metabolites α‐ketoisocaproate (KIC) and β‐hydroxy‐β‐methyl butyrate (HMB) on fatty acid composition and lipid metabolism in skeletal muscle of growing pigs.Methods and ResultsThirty‐two pigs with a similar initial weight (9.55 ± 0.19 kg) were fed one of the four diets (basal diet, L‐Leu, KIC‐Ca and HMB‐Ca) for 45 days. Results indicated that dietary treatments did not affect the intramuscular fat (IMF) content (p > 0.05), but differently influenced the fatty acid composition of longissimus dorsi muscle (LM) and soleus muscle (SM). In particular, the proportion of N3 PUFA specifically in LM was significantly decreased in the Leu group and increased in both KIC and HMB group relative to the basal diet group (p < 0.05). Furthermore, pigs fed KIC‐supplemented diets exhibited decreased expression of FATP‐1, ACC, ATGL, C/EBPα, PPARγ and SREBP‐1c in LM and increased expression of FATP‐1, FAT/CD36, ATGL and M‐CPT‐1 in SM relative to the basal diet control (p < 0.05).ConclusionsThese findings indicated that doubling dietary Leu content decreased the percentage of N3 PUFA mainly in glycolytic skeletal muscle, whereas KIC and HMB improved muscular fatty acid composition and altered lipid metabolism in skeletal muscle of growing pigs. The mechanism of action of KIC might be related to the TFs, and the mechanism of action of HMB might be associated with the AMPK‐mTOR signalling pathway.