bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Numéro 148 - juin 2019
Authors: Mariani Fabio , Pensieroso Luca 
Published: June 2019

Le contrôle de l'immigration clandestine est un sujet très controversé qui anime le débat public, en Belgique comme dans d’autres pays occidentaux. L’immigration clandestine vers les pays européens est un phénomène important, mais qui reste par sa nature difficile à mesurer. Selon les estimations de l’Union Européenne (Clandestino, 2009), en 2008, il y avait en Belgique 1,1 immigrés irréguliers pour 10 migrants réguliers, une situation comparable aux Pays-Bas (1,4 immigrés irréguliers pour 10 réguliers), à la France (0,8 immigrés irréguliers pour 10 réguliers), et à l’Italie (1 immigré irrégulier pour 10 réguliers).
Dans ce numéro de Regards économiques, nous nous proposons de clarifier les termes du débat et d’en discuter les implications de politique économique. Nous montrons que la réduction de la pression fiscale et la lutte contre la fraude fiscale peuvent contribuer à contenir l’immigration clandestine, et sont donc une alternative possible aux politiques coercitives basées sur le contrôle des frontières et les rapatriements. Au contraire, la mise en œuvre de politiques commerciale protectionnistes (de nouveau à la mode ces derniers temps) pourrait conduire à une augmentation du nombre d'immigrants clandestins.
Une partie de l’opinion publique semble aujourd'hui poursuivre des chimères dangereuses, et se réfugie dans l'espoir illusoire qu’un contrôle plus strict des frontières puisse résoudre tous les problèmes. Notre contribution est une mise en garde partielle contre cette illusion, et propose des solutions alternatives. Selon notre analyse, un gouvernement qui s'engage sérieusement dans la lutte contre l’économie souterraine et qui ne cède pas aux tentations protectionnistes, serait mieux placé pour relever les défis de l'immigration illégale.
Darcy-Weisbach resistance coefficient determination using Newton-Raphson approach for android 4.0
Authors: Ladino Moreno Edgar Orlando , García Ubaque César Augusto , García Vaca María Camila 
Published: June 2019

Context: The article presents the friction coefficient calculation for pressure pipes, from Newton-Raphson numerical method, under JavaScript source code for Android 4.0 or higher.
Methodology: The code development is based on Colebrook-White model for turbulent flows. The app also establishes the friction coefficient for laminar flows from the Poiseuille equation and determines the range for the enter flow in a transition zone (unstable flow). An algorithm of successive approximations was implemented for non-linear equation solution based on the relative roughness and Reynolds number.
Results: In the Newton-Raphson method, if the initial value moves away from zero or presents different inflection points, the probability of divergence of the method increases significantly. To overcome this anomaly, a friction coefficient equal to 0.015 was proposed as initial (seed) value; thereby we guarantee the convergence for turbulent flows with an approximation of 0.0000001. The values ​​calculated by the app were calibrated with the Excel analysis tool (Goal Seek).
Conclusion: The app is available for free in Google Play Store, and is a tool to support educational processes and the professional field.
Vloga prve skrbstvene sestre Angele Boškin pri profesionalizaciji slovenske zdravstvene nege
Authors: Skela-Savič Brigita 
Published: June 2019

Uvod: Razumevanje zgodovine razvoja zdravstvene nege poveča moč in pozitivno samopodobo strokovnjakov, razvije veščine kritičnega mišljenja in delovanja. Cilj raziskave je bil raziskati profesionalno delo Angele Boškin skozi teoretični okvir elementov profesionalizacije v zdravstveni negi.Metode: Uporabljena sta bila zgodovinsko raziskovanje z idealistično tradicijo in biografski pristop. V vsebinsko analizo in sintezo spoznanj je bilo vključenih 16 virov različne tipologije. Uporabljene so bile naslednje metode: parafraziranje, kronološki klasifikacijski sistem, vsebinska kategorizacija in tematizacija. Zanesljivost in veljavnost raziskave sta bili preverjeni z zunanjo in lastno kritiko virov, vsebinskim ravnovesjem in seznanitvijo z zgodovinskim obdobjem.Rezultati: Oblikovanih je bilo 122 parafraz, združenih v 31 kategorij in 10 tem, ki opišejo prispevek Angele Boškin k profesionalizaciji slovenske zdravstvene nege v obdobju od 1912 do 1944. Teme so bile osnova za zapis zgodbe in zaključnih spoznanj.Diskusija in zaključek: Angela Boškin je vzpostavila začetno ekspertizo stroke zdravstvene nege v Sloveniji, začetke njene avtonomije, profesionalne prepoznavnosti in ugleda. S prvo šolo je osnovala razvoj temeljnega strokovnega znanja in standardiziranega izobraževanja. Vzpostavila je avtonomijo dela na področju preventive mater in otrok na terenu, pripomogla k sprejemu zakonskih podlag za delovanje zaščitne sestre na področju preventive. Z vodenjem profesionalnega združenja je začrtala smer razvoja zdravstvene nege ter jo umestila v slovenski in mednarodni kontekst.
Zdravljenje dojenčkov s kisikom v domačem okolju in izkušnje njihovih staršev
Authors: Korelc Marija , Ramšak Pajk Jožica 
Published: June 2019

Uvod: Veliko otrok z bronhopulmonalno displazijo potrebuje dolgotrajno zdravljenje s kisikom, nekateri pa tudi zdravljenje s kisikom v domačem okolju. Namen raziskave je bil preučiti izkušnje staršev s pripravo na zdravljenje s kisikom po odpustu otroka v domače okolje in poznejšo podporo.Metode: Uporabljen je bil kvantitativen pristop raziskovanja. Za merski instrument je bil uporabljen delno strukturiran vprašalnik, oblikovan na osnovi pregleda literature. Sodelovalo je 43 staršev otrok, ki so se zdravili s kisikom na domu od januarja 2014 do julija 2016.Rezultati: Rezultati so pokazali, da se je četrtina (25,6 %) staršev težko sprijaznila z odpustom otroka, ki je potreboval zdravljenje s kisikom v domačem okolju, 18,6 % je dejstvo sprejelo brez težav. Največ informacij o zdravljenju s kisikom na domu in tehničnih informacij so vsi anketirani starši pridobili v času zdravljenja otroka na Enoti za intenzivno nego in terapijo novorojencev. Anketirani starši, ki živijo v predmestju, bolj izražajo strah glede nezaupanja v svoje sposobnosti (t = 5,74, p = 0,006) kot tudi strah pred kronično boleznijo otroka (t = 4,82, p = 0,013).Diskusija in zaključek: Z raziskavo je bilo ugotovljeno, da so starši dobro pripravljeni na odpust otroka iz bolnišnice v domače okolje, vendar se situacija spremeni, ko so z otrokom sami doma oziroma se mu spremeni zdravstveno stanje. Z dobro zdravstveno vzgojo in podporo se lahko staršem otrok, ki se zdravijo s kisikom na domu, bistveno olajša skrb za njihovega otroka.
DESAIN KONTROLER PID ADAPTIF PADA MODEL AUTOMATIC-ANTILOCK BRAKING SYSTEM
Authors: Prasetyawan Bagus Okto Tetuko , Triwiyatno Aris , Wahyudi Wahyudi 
Published: June 2019

Banyak kecelakaan yang terjadi berawal dari kesalahan manusia, diantaranya adalah terlambat melakukan pengereman dan kepanikan dalam menekan pedal rem. Untuk itu perlu adanya sistem yang digunakan untuk pengaman saat melakukan pengereman. Automatic Antilock Braking System adalah sebuah keamanan untuk sistem pengereman pada kendaraan. Sistem ini mengatur rem agar tidak membuat roda terkunci. Jika roda pada kendaraan terkunci maka akan terjadi slip yang diakibatkan karena perbedaan kecepatan roda dan kecepatan kendaraan. Pada penelitian ini dibuat sebuah desain kontroler pada model Automatic Antilock Braking System. Variabel yang dikontrol adalah slip, dan torsi rem sebagai variabel yang dimanipulasi. Kontroler yang didesain adalah kontroler PID Adaptif. Desain kontroler tersebut akan dilihat respon sistemnya dan dibandingkan dengan penelitian sebelumnya. Pada simulasi kondisi jalan aspal kering, PID adaptif Automatic-Antilock Braking System dengan kecepatan 11 m/s, 15 m/s, dan 19 m/s menghasilkan slip yang lebih mendekati set point dengan masing-masing IAE 0,0328, 0,0332, dan 0,336.
OPTIMALISASI ENTITAS ECOMMERCE DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN CLOUD MARKETPLACE
Authors: Arfan Muhammad , Hidayatno Achmad , Ramadhani Natalia Putri 
Published: June 2019

Ecommerce memberikan pengalaman baru dalam transaksi jual beli produk. Kemudahan dalam memilih produk dengan harga bersaing menjadi daya tarik tersendiri bagi pembeli. Perkembangan ecommerce juga memberi solusi bagi pelaku usaha membuka pasar lebih luas dengan penerapan beberapa aplikasi dan layanan yang membantu pelaku usaha dalam mengelola sumber daya bisnis. Di sisi lain, penerapan ecommerce bagi pelaku usaha belum optimal. Hal ini disebabkan aplikasi ecommerce pada umumnya lebih relevan kepada usaha yang memiliki proses bisnis yang mapan dengan modal besar, sehingga pelaku bisnis pemula enggan menggunakan karena proses bisnis yang ditawarkan tidak relevan dan cenderung sulit untuk diterapkan. Ketersediaan SDM dan peralatan pendukung juga menjadi kesulitan tersendiri untuk memulai pengelolaan bisnis berbasis teknologi informasi dan komunikasi. Dari hal tersebut diatas, maka perlu dibangun sistem Cloud Marketplace dengan mengembangkan entitas ecommerce yang sudah ada. Dengan menggunakan sistem Cloud Marketplace, kolaborasi antar pelaku usaha dapat meningkatkan daya saing produk dan calon pembeli lebih mudah dalam menemukan produk berkualitas. Melalui sistem ini pelaku usaha dapat mengelola sumber daya bisnis yang meliputi pengelolaan stok barang, pemasaran dan keuangan. Proses tersebut berjalan online sehingga dapat diakses di mana saja dan kapan saja. Kemudahan akses dan kemudahan penggunaan fitur bisnis yang akan memudahkan pelaku usaha dalam pengelolaan sumber daya bisnis.
REDESAIN SISTEM ELEKTRIKAL STADION CITARUM (BAGIAN SISTEM PROTEKSI PETIR)
Authors: Yolanda Vaneza Cindy , Karnoto Karnoto , Hermawan Hermawan 
Published: June 2019

Aspek keamanan, kenyamanan dan keselamatan menjadi salah satu faktor untuk mengukur tingkat kelayakan dari Stadion Citarum. Fenomena petir merupakan hal yang patut diperhatikan untuk keselamatan pengguna di Stadion Citarum. Stadion merupakan bangunan yang memerlukan pemasangan sistem proteksi petir karena potensi bahaya akibat sambaran petir. Sistem proteksi petir yang belum memadai mendasari dilakukannya perancangan sistem proteksi petir untuk melindungi bangunan Stadion Citarum. Prosedur perhitungan sistem proteksi petir eksternal menggunakan standar IEC 62305-3, menggunakan radius Rolling Sphere, besar sudut Protection Angle dan lebar Mesh yang mengacu pada standar SNI 03-7015-2004. Sistem proteksi internal ditentukan berdasar kelas arrester/Surge Protective Device, dimana tegangan sisa yang masuk nilainya tidak boleh melebihi BIL Peralatan sebesar 2kV sesuai standar SNI 04-7021.21-2004. Penelitian ini menunjukkan hasil simulasi metode Rolling Sphere memiliki area perlindungan paling baik, dengan radius 60 meter pada bangunan tribun menunjukkan bahwa air terminal yang terpasang sudah melindungi bangunan. Sistem proteksi petir internal menggunakan arrester / Surge Protective Device pada kelas 2.
The moderating effects of perceptual salience and language aptitude on the effectiveness of L2 recasts
Authors: Lee Jiyong 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAlthough extensive research in SLA has focused on the facilitative effects of L2 recasts, few studies have investigated the moderating effect of a priori perceptual salience of the linguistic target. The present study addresses this issue, along with the role that language aptitude plays. Forty-eight native speakers of English carried out oral tasks during which they received recasts of two Korean morphemes differing in their degree of perceptual salience. Results of the study revealed a significant interaction between salience and language aptitude in terms of the ability to infer grammar rules of an artificial language. In conclusion, this study sheds new light on factors that moderate the effectiveness of recasts in the learning of L2 grammatical morphemes.
Ice Age theory: a correspondence between Milutin Milanković and Vojislav Mišković
Authors: Janc Natalija , Gavrilov Milivoj B. , Marković Slobodan B. , Benišek Vojislava Protić , Benišek Vladimir , Popović Luka Č. , Tomić Nemanja 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Ice Ages (IA) and their glacial periods can be regarded as significant natural hazards (NH). Unfortunately, the knowledge of hominid evolution that occurred during IAs, in such extreme climatic fluctuations, is preserved almost exclusively in mythology. The omission of more scientific discourse regarding the history of NH during IAs should be rectified for posterity. As our civilization will likely have to cope with the beginnings of a new glacial phase, a more complete understanding of the mechanisms of IA climate dynamics is crucial.
This paper presents an unpublished correspondence between M. Milanković, a polymath and the founder of the Astronomical theory of Ice Ages (ATIA), and the astronomer V. Mišković, one of Milanković’s major contributors to the development of his theory. Additional insight related to the ATIA by M. Milanković is given, particularly regarding the succession of glacial and interglacial periods on Earth. In this completely preserved correspondence, taking place from 1924 until 1952, also reside letters concerning the research of M. Milanković and V. Mišković as it relates to the research of Alfred Wegener and Wladimir Köppen. These letters are on the topic of M. Milanković’s 1920’s work. At the Astronomical Observatory in Belgrade, M. Milanković found useful data in the observatory’s publications and orchestrated the numerical calculations he needed for his ATIA with V. Mišković aid.
Computationally Stable Estimation Procedure for the Multivariate Linear Mixed-Effect Model and Application to Malaria Public Health Problem
Authors: Adjakossa Eric Houngla , Hounkonnou Norbert Mahouton , Nuel Grégory 
Published: June 2019

AbstractIn this paper, we provide the ML (Maximum Likelihood) and the REML (REstricted ML) criteria for consistently estimating multivariate linear mixed-effects models with arbitrary correlation structure between the random effects across dimensions, but independent (and possibly heteroscedastic) residuals. By factorizing the random effects covariance matrix, we provide an explicit expression of the profiled deviance through a reparameterization of the model. This strategy can be viewed as the generalization of the estimation procedure used by Douglas Bates and his co-authors in the context of the fitting of one-dimensional linear mixed-effects models. Beside its robustness regarding the starting points, the approach enables a numerically consistent estimate of the random effects covariance matrix while classical alternatives such as the EM algorithm are usually non-consistent. In a simulation study, we compare the estimates obtained from the present method with the EM algorithm-based estimates. We finally apply the method to a study of an immune response to Malaria in Benin.
China’s Four Decades of Reforms: A View from Neo-Authoritarianism
Authors: Gong Qing Xiao 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
This article offers a bird’s eye view of the four decades of Chinese economic reforms from the perspective of Neo-authoritarianism. During the first stage of China’s reform, from the late 1970s until the rise of Xi Jinping in March 2013, a soft version of Neo-authoritarianism prevailed in China. While the Communist Party held onto power, market liberalization cultivated a flourishing private sector, creating unprecedented wealth and a fledging civil society in China. The rise of Xi marks the beginning of a new hard version of Neo-Authoritarianism; strengthening political control.
Crystal structure of bis[(2-(2-bromophenyl)-5-ethyl-1,3-dioxane-5-carboxylato-κ
O)-(5,5,7,12,12,14-hexamethyl-1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane-κ
4
N,N′,N′′,N′′′)]nickel(II) hemihydrate C42H65Br2N4NiO8.5
Authors: Qiong Wang , Jia Guo-Kai , Liu Xiao-Wen 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
C42H65Br2N4NiO8.5, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 14.852(2) Å, b = 12.1965(18) Å, c = 14.166(2) Å, β = 117.755(1)°, V = 2270.8(6) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt(F) = 0.0449, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1276, T = 296(2) K.
Differentiation of non-black fillers in rubber composites using linear discriminant analysis of principal components
Authors: Pajarito Bryan B. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractIn the compounding of rubber composites, different non-black fillers are used to improve the physical properties, reduce the formulation cost, and provide special characteristics. Designing a rubber composite for a specific application needs the careful selection and differentiation of fillers based on its effect on processibility and overall material properties of the vulcanizate. However, fillers are usually classified according to their effect on reinforcement or function without much consideration to other properties such as vulcanization characteristics and heat aging resistance. Analyses of multiple properties are tedious when done in a univariate way. To differentiate non-black fillers with consideration to the various properties of rubber composites, linear discriminant analysis (LDA) of principal components (PCs) was used. This paper examines how vulcanization and mechanical properties can differentiate aluminosilicate, bentonite, and silica fillers in rubber composites.Aluminosilicate and silica were effectively differentiated frombentonite using the vulcanization characteristics and mechanical properties of rubber composites before heat aging. Better differentiation among the 3 non-black fillers was achieved when the mechanical properties of rubber composites after heat aging were included in the PC analysis. LDA required at least 6 PCs to correctly classify the non-black filler in 30 rubber composites.
Expresión detúgenérico y actividades de imagen
Authors: Orozco Leonor 
Published: June 2019

ResumenEn este artículo analizo las actividades de imagen que se realizan cuando se empleatúgenérico. Además, correlaciono la presencia de la segunda persona singular tácita o explícita con el tipo de actividades de imagen documentadas en el Corpus sociolingüístico de la Ciudad de México (CSCM). Los resultados sugieren que los hablantes muestran una preferencia por la omisión del sujeto pronominal de segunda persona singular genérico cuando realizan actividades de autoimagen y que esta estrategia les permite ocultar al yo. Por el contrario, cuando realizan actividades de cortesía recurren con mayor frecuencia a la expresión de SP genéricos de segunda persona, esto es, eltúgenérico explícito contribuye para codificar una estrategia centrada en el interlocutor. El análisis corrobora que los hablantes mexicanos se preocupan por el cuidado de su propia imagen y por la de sus interlocutores, privilegiando los deseos de imagen de afiliación.
„Die Starken, Helden wanken, doch Theresia stehet.“ Siebenbürgische Traueroden zum Tode Maria Theresias*
Authors: János Szabolcs 
Published: June 2019

Am 29. November des Jahres 1780 starb die Kaiserin und Königin Maria Theresia, und ihr mitregierender Sohn Joseph II. übernahm die Regentschaft im Habsburgerreich. Dieser Moment gab für die literarisch tätigen Intellektuellen im gesamten Habsburgerreich Anlass Lob- und Huldigungsgedichte zu verfassen. In erster Linie waren es Epicedien (Traueroden), eine andere, weit verbreitete Textsorte war die literarisch anspruchsvolle Trauerpredigt, die gleichzeitig auch als Panegyrik zu deuten ist.
Der Tod der Großfürstin wurde auch in Siebenbürgen von Vielen als historische Krisensituation betrachtet. Welche Ängste und Erwartungen in Siebenbürgen in diesem geschichtsträchtigen Moment auftauchen, lässt sich an den Gedichten ablesen, die aus diesem Anlass von verschiedenen siebenbürgisch-sächsischen Autoren verfasst wurden. Zu den Autoren gehören vor allem Kleriker wie der Stadtpfarrer in Hermannstadt und Dekan des Kapitels, Daniel Filtsch; Professoren der Gymnasien wie z.B. Martin Traugott Closius, Rektor des Kronstädter Gymnasiums; der Konrektor Johann Roth, der Lektor Samuel Schramm. Die wohl bekannteste Persönlichkeit ist aber der Historiker, Sprachforscher und Dichter Johann Seivert, der zugleich stellvertretender Rektor des Hermannstädter Gymnasiums und später Hammersdorfer Pfarrer war.
In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird der Frage nachgegangen, wie die politischen Bestrebungen von Maria Theresia in Siebenbürgen literarisch rezipiert, bzw. in verschiedenen literarischen Textsorten beurteilt worden sind. Darüber hinaus wird versucht, das im kulturellen Gedächtnis der Siebenbürger Sachsen erhaltene, literarisch geformte Bild der Großfürstin von Siebenbürgen zu untersuchen.
Turist Rehberlerinin Mesleki Yeterliliklerinin Destinasyon İmajına ve Memnuniyetine Etkisi
Authors: ÜNAL Caner , CABER Meltem 
Published: June 2019

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Turizm ile ilgili alanyazında turistlerin ziyaret ettikleri destinasyonlara yönelik imaj algıları ve genel memnuniyetleri ile kendilerine eşlik eden turist rehberlerine yönelik değerlendirmeleri bir arada ele alan sınırlı sayıda çalışma mevcuttur. Bu çalışmanın başlıca amacı, turistlerin katıldıkları turu yöneten turist rehberinin mesleki yeterliliğine yönelik algılarının, destinasyona yönelik imajlarına ve memnuniyetlerine etkisini ortaya koyabilmektir. Araştırmadan elde edilen bulguların, bu değişkenler arasındaki ilişkiyi açıklamaya katkı sağlayacağı öngörülmüştür. Bu amaçla ilgili alanyazındaki kuramsal ve deneysel çalışmalardan yararlanılarak, bir araştırma modeli geliştirilmiştir. Modelin test edilebilmesi amacıyla, kolayda örneklem yöntemi ile Antalya şehir turuna katılan Alman turistlere yönelik bir anket çalışması gerçekleştirilerek, 307 adet veri toplanmıştır. Araştırma sonuçları, turist rehberlerinin mesleki yeterlilikleri, algılanan destinasyon imajı ve genel memnuniyet arasında istatistiki açıdan anlamlı bir ilişki olduğunu göstermiştir. Turist rehberinin mesleki yeterliliğinin turist memnuniyeti üzerindeki etkisi yüksek bir seviyededir. Destinasyon imajının bilişsel boyutunda ‘sosyal çevre ve olanaklar’ ve duygusal boyutunda ‘canlandırıcı’lık, genel turist memnuniyetine en fazla etki yapan hususlardır.&nbsp;
Critical Reflection as Motivational Strategy of Learning Critical Reading
Authors: Alem Yeshambel Tadele 
Published: June 2019

The study investigated the effect critical reflection exerted on students’ motivation of learning EFL critical reading. In this respect, the present study conducted quasi-experimental research design. 32 participants were involved in the control group while 31 were in the experimental one. According to the pre-intervention questionnaire results by using independent samples T-test test of data analysis, participants of the control and the experimental groups were almost homogeneously motivated while learning critical reading although random assignment was not possible. In similar with the pre-intervention questionnaire, 30 questions were also asked to participants (control and experimental groups) as post-intervention questionnaire to evaluate to what extent participants improved their motivation of learning EFL critical reading after practicing critical reflection. The post-intervention questionnaire results proved that critical reflection has the effect in enhancing students’ motivation of learning EFL critical reading regarding independent samples T-test test of data analysis.