bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of paediatric tonsillectomy perioperative management on pain, nausea and recovery: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Richards Julianne , Lang Mary , Andresen Elizabeth , O'Leary Kathryn , Jauncey‐Cooke Jacqueline , Anderson Nicole , Burns Hannah , Slee Nicola , Ullman Amanda J , Cooke Marie 
Published: May 2019

AimTonsillectomy procedures are a core element of paediatrics; however, perioperative management differs. This study aimed to describe tonsillectomy management, including the burden of pain, nausea and delayed recovery.MethodsA prospective cohort study was undertaken through an audit of tonsillectomy perioperative practice and recovery and survey interviews with family members 7–14 days post‐surgery. The study was undertaken at an Australian tertiary referral paediatric hospital between June and September 2016.ResultsThe audit included 255 children undergoing tonsillectomy, with 127 family members interviewed. Most participants underwent adenotonsillectomy (n = 216; 85%), with a primary diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnoea (n = 205; 80%) and a mean age of 7 years (standard deviation; 3.9). A variety of intra‐operative pain relief and antiemetics was administered. Pain was present in 29% (n = 26) of participants at ward return, increasing to 32–45% at 4–20 h and decreasing to 21% (n = 15) at discharge. A third of the children (32%; n = 41) had moderate to severe pain at post‐discharge interview, and 30% (n = 38) experienced nausea at home. Most parents (82%; n = 104) were still giving regular paracetamol at 7 days post‐operatively, and 31% (n = 39) had finished their oxycodone. Of the participants, 14% (n = 26) presented to the emergency department within 7 days of discharge; 8% (n = 20) of the total cohort were re‐admitted.ConclusionsThere was variety in perioperative and post‐discharge care. Pain scores were infrequently documented post‐tonsillectomy, and parents are generally dissatisfied with the management of post‐operative pain and nausea. Further research is needed to provide a more consistent approach to perioperative management to promote recovery.
Exploring the associations between shift work disorder, depression, anxiety and sick leave taken amongst nurses
Authors: Booker Lauren A. , Sletten Tracey L. , Alvaro Pasquale K. , Barnes Maree , Collins Allison , Chai‐Coetzer Ching Li , Naqvi Aqsa , McMahon Marcus , Lockley Steven W. , Rajaratnam Shantha M. W. , Howard Mark E. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThis study aimed to evaluate the association between shift work disorder and mental health in hospital‐based nurses. Staff completed an online survey comprising demographic questions, the Shift Work Disorder Questionnaire, Patient Health‐9 and the General Anxiety Disorder‐7 scale. Sick leave data were collected from archival records from the Human Resources Department. Two hundred and two nurses (95% female; age M = 35.28 years ± SD = 12) participated (42% of eligible staff). Those at high risk of shift work disorder had higher depression (M = 7.54 ± SD = 4.28 vs. M = 3.78 ± SD = 3.24; p < 0.001) and anxiety (M = 5.66 ± SD = 3.82 vs. M = 2.83 ± SD = 3.33, p < 0.001) compared to those at low risk. Linear regression models showed that being at high risk of shift work disorder was the most significant predictor of depression, explaining 18.8% of the variance in depression (R2 = 0.188, adjusted R2 = 0.184, F(1, 200) = 46.20, p < 0.001). Shift work disorder combined with the number of night shifts and alcoholic drinks on non‐work days accounted for 49.7% of the variance in anxiety scores (R2 = 0.497, adjusted R2 = 0.453, F(3, 35) = 11.51, p < 0.001). Mean sick leave in those with high risk of shift work disorder was 136.17 hr (SD = 113.11) versus 103.98 hr (SD = 94.46) in others (p = 0.057). Depression and years of shift work accounted for 18.9% of the variance in sick leave taken (R2 = 0.189, adjusted R2 = 0.180, F(2, 175) = 20.36, p < 0.001). Shift work disorder is strongly associated with depression and anxiety, providing a potential target to improve mental health in shift workers. Depression, in turn, is a significant contributing factor to sick leave.
Effectiveness of the spaced education pedagogy for clinicians’ continuing professional development: a systematic review
Authors: Phillips Jane L , Heneka Nicole , Bhattarai Priyanka , Fraser Claire , Shaw Tim 
Published: May 2019

ContextEnsuring clinical practice reflects current evidence is challenging given the rapid proliferation of new knowledge. Changing entrenched clinical behaviours and facilitating the adoption of best practice evidence requires a range of strategies, including affordable, scalable and effective continuing professional development (CPD). Yet, identifying the CPD delivery method most likely to effectively change and improve patient outcomes is difficult given the variability in the evidence for different learning approaches. Although there is moderate level evidence for outreach education, audit and feedback, and face‐to‐face or online learning, little is known about the capacity of spaced education to change ineffective clinical practice(s). Spaced education harnesses the power of spacing, repetition and testing learning content to increase topic‐specific knowledge. Although spaced education is widely used in undergraduate and postgraduate medical programmes, its effectiveness as a CPD delivery method that improves patient outcomes is less certain.AimTo determine the effectiveness of the spaced education CPD programmes to change targeted clinical knowledge and practice(s) to improve patient outcomes.MethodA systematic review, appraising the spaced education CPD evidence generated from searching six specialist medical and psychosocial databases. Studies published in English peer‐reviewed journals from 1 January, 2000 to 31 August, 2018 were eligible for inclusion. A modified Kirkpatrick four levels of evaluation framework assisted with appraising the effect of spaced education CPD interventions on clinicians and patients.ResultsOf the 2396 studies identified, 17 met the inclusion criteria, involving 2701 practising clinicians from multiple disciplines and specialties. Five randomised controlled trials generated level II evidence, with the remaining 12 studies generating lower levels of evidence. The majority of studies (n = 14) involved the delivery of online spaced education. All studies were evaluated using the modified Kirkpatrick four levels of evaluation framework with: 10 studies demonstrating significant increases in participants’ knowledge; seven studies reporting significant changes in clinician behaviour; four studies showing significant increases in clinician confidence; and three studies identifying significant and sustained increases in participants’ clinical skills. Only two studies reported positive improvements in patient outcomes.ConclusionSpaced education via an online platform offers a scalable CPD format that can increase clinical knowledge and change practice. However, further adequately powered randomised controlled trials are required to confirm that spaced education CPD can impact positively on patients’ reported outcomes.
Posaconazole therapeutic drug monitoring in clinical practice and longitudinal analysis of the effect of routine laboratory measurements on posaconazole concentrations
Authors: Märtson Anne‐Grete , Veringa Anette , van den Heuvel Edwin R. , Bakker Martijn , Touw Daan J. , van der Werf Tjip S. , Span Lambert F. R. , Alffenaar Jan‐Willem C. 
Published: May 2019

SummaryPosaconazole is indicated for prophylaxis and treatment of invasive aspergillosis. Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) of posaconazole is used to optimise drug exposure. The aim of this study was to analyse and describe the TDM practices and exposure of posaconazole tablets. Patients who received posaconazole for treatment or prophylaxis of fungal infections were included in the study. The following therapeutic window was defined: if concentration was low (<0.7 mg/L for prophylaxis or < 1.5 mg/L for treatment) or high (>3.75 mg/L), the hospital pharmacist provided the physician with dosage advice, which implementation to patient care was analysed. A longitudinal analysis was performed to analyse if different confounding variables had an effect on posaconazole concentrations. Forty‐seven patients were enrolled resulting in 217 posaconazole trough concentrations. A median of 3 (IQR 1‐7) samples was measured per patient. The median concentration was 1.7 mg/L (IQR 0.8‐2.7) for prophylaxis and 1.76 mg/L (IQR 1.3‐2.3) for treatment. Overall, 78 posaconazole concentrations were out of the therapeutic window. For 45 (54%) of these concentrations, a dosage change was recommended. In the longitudinal analysis, the laboratory markers and patient baseline variables did not have an effect on posaconazole concentrations. Adequate posaconazole exposure was shown in 64% (affected 28 patients) of the measured concentrations. TDM practice of posaconazole can be improved by increasing the implementation rate of dose recommendation by a multidisciplinary antifungal stewardship team.
Changes in the diet composition of fatty acids and fiber affect the lower gastrointestinal motility but have no impact on cardiovascular parameters: In vivo and in vitro studies
Authors: Mosińska Paula , Martín‐Ruiz Marta , González Antonio , López‐Miranda Visitación , Herradón Esperanza , Uranga José A. , Vera Gema , Sánchez‐Yáñez Adrián , Martín‐Fontelles Mª Isabel , Fichna Jakub , Abalo Raquel 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBackgroundFood and diet are central issues for proper functioning of the cardiovascular (CV) system and gastrointestinal (GI) tract. We hypothesize that different types of dietary FAs affect CV parameters as well as GI motor function and visceral sensitivity.MethodsMale Wistar rats were fed with control diet (CTRL), diet supplemented with 7% soybean oil (SOY), SOY + 3.5% virgin coconut oil (COCO), and SOY + 3.5% evening primrose oil (EP) for 4 weeks. The content of insoluble fiber in CTRL was higher than in SOY, COCO, or EP. Body weight gain and food/water intake were measured. At day 28, biometric, biochemical, CV parameters, GI motor function (X‐ray and colon bead expulsion test), and visceral sensitivity were evaluated. Changes in propulsive colonic activity were determined in vitro. The colon and adipose tissue were histologically studied; the number of mast cells (MCs) in the colon was calculated.ResultsSOY, COCO, and EP had increased body weight gain but decreased food intake vs CTRL. Water consumption, biometric, biochemical, and CV parameters were comparable between groups. SOY increased the sensitivity to colonic distention. All groups maintained regular propulsive neurogenic contractions; EP delayed colonic motility (P < 0.01). SOY, COCO, and EP displayed decreased size of the cecum, lower number and size of fecal pellets, and higher infiltration of MCs to the colon (P < 0.001).Conclusions and InferencesDietary FAs supplementation and lower intake of insoluble fiber can induce changes in the motility of the lower GI tract, in vivo and in vitro, but CV function and visceral sensitivity are not generally affected.
Gender differences in management of patients undergoing catheter ablation of atrioventricular nodal reentry tachycardia
Authors: Musa Thaer , Darrat Yousef , Etaee Farshid , Butt Muhammad , Czarapata Melissa , McMullen Colleen , Mattingly Lynn , Daoud Amro , Coy Kevin , Ogunbayo Gbolahan , Delisle Brian , Elayi Claude S. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBackgroundAtrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia (AVNRT) is the most common type of supraventricular tachycardia (SVT). Similar to other cardiac tests and interventions, gender bias may influence clinical decision making in providing appropriate care for AVNRT patients. We assessed for gender differences in the diagnosis and management of AVNRT patients who underwent catheter ablation.MethodsPatients who underwent catheter ablation for AVNRT were included. We explored the gender difference on various clinical parameters such as the time from SVT symptoms, SVT diagnosis, and first electrophysiology consult to time of catheter ablation.ResultsAmong 140 patients screened, 116 patients met the inclusion criteria, including 67.2% women. Median time from symptoms onset to SVT diagnosis was 18.5 months (interquartile range [IQR] 4.0‐58.5) in women versus 4.0 months (0.75‐34.7) in men, P = .005. Once SVT was diagnosed, women took a median of 12.5 months (IQR 3.0‐57.0) to proceed with ablation versus 3.0 months (1.0‐7.0) for men, P ≤ .001. It took a longer time from the first electrophysiology consultation to ablation: 54.5 days (20.75‐144.75) for women versus 20.5 days (6.0‐46.25) for men, P = .008. Overall, it took 60.0 months (IQR 12.8‐132.0) for women to have an ablation from initial symptoms onset versus 15 months (IQR 4.6‐48.0) for men, P = .001. Prior to ablation, women had 3.78 ± 3.79 (mean ± SD) emergency department visits for SVT versus men 1.52 ± 1.72 and women tried 1.28 ± 0.82 medications versus men 0.76 ± 0.68, P < .001 and .001, respectively.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates significant and multifactorial gender‐related disparities in AVNRT diagnosis and treatment. Larger studies are needed to confirm these results.
Electrophysiological correlates of hyperoxia during resting‐state EEG in awake human subjects
Authors: Kizuk Sayeed A. D. , Vuong Wesley , MacLean Joanna E. , Dickson Clayton T. , Mathewson Kyle E. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractRecreational use of concentrated oxygen has increased. Claims have been made that hyperoxic breathing can help reduce fatigue, increase alertness, and improve attentional capacities; however, few systematic studies of these potential benefits exist. Here, we examined the effects of short‐term (15 min) hyperoxia on resting states in awake human subjects by measuring spontaneous EEG activity between normoxic and hyperoxic situations, using a within‐subject design for both eyes‐opened and eyes‐closed conditions. We also measured respiration rate, heart rate, and blood oxygen saturation levels to correlate basic physiological changes due to the hyperoxic challenge with any brain activity changes. Our results show that breathing short‐term 100% oxygen led to increased blood oxygen saturation levels, decreased heart rate, and a slight, but nonsignificant, decrease in breathing rate. Changes of brain activity were apparent, including decreases in low‐alpha (7–10 Hz), high‐alpha (10–14 Hz), beta (14–30 Hz), and gamma (30–50 Hz) frequency ranges during eyes‐opened hyperoxic conditions. During eyes‐closed hyperoxia, increases in the delta (0.5–3.5 Hz) and theta (3.5–7 Hz) frequency range were apparent together with decreases in the beta range. Hyperoxia appeared to accentuate the decrease of low alpha and gamma ranges across the eyes‐opened and eyes‐closed conditions, suggesting that it modulated brain state itself. As decreased alpha during eyes‐opened conditions has been associated with increased attentional processing and selective attention, and increased delta and theta during eyes‐closed condition are typically associated with the initiation of sleep, our results suggest a state‐specific and perhaps opposing influence of short‐term hyperoxia.
Effect of cumulus cell removal and sperm pre‐incubation with progesterone on in vitro fertilization of equine gametes in the presence of oviductal fluid or cells
Authors: Moros‐Nicolás Carla , Douet Cécile , Reigner Fabrice , Goudet Ghylène 
Published: May 2019

AbstractIn spite of many attempts to establish an in vitro fertilization (IVF) technique in the equine, no efficient conventional IVF technique is available. The presence of oviductal fluid or oviductal cells during IVF helps to improve embryo production in vitro but is not sufficient to reach high fertilization rates. Thus, our aim was to perform equine IVF either after sperm pre‐incubation with oviductal fluid or in the presence of oviductal cells, and to evaluate the effect of cumulus removal from the oocyte or sperm pre‐incubation with progesterone. In experiments 1 and 2, IVF was performed in the presence of porcine oviduct epithelial cells. The removal of cumulus cells from equine oocytes after in vitro maturation tended to increase the percentage of fertilization when fresh sperm was used (1/33 vs. 4/31,p > 0.05) but had no effect when frozen sperm was used (1/32 vs. 1/32). Equine sperm pre‐incubation with progesterone did not significantly influence the fertilization rate when fresh or frozen sperm was used (2/14 vs. 2/18 for fresh, 1/29 vs. 1/25 for frozen). In experiments 3 and 4, IVF was performed after pre‐incubation of sperm with porcine oviductal fluid. The removal of cumulus cells tended to increase the percentage of fertilization when fresh sperm was used (1/24 vs. 3/26,p > 0.05). Sperm pre‐incubation with progesterone did not significantly influence the fertilization rate when fresh or frozen sperm was used (2/39 vs. 2/36 for fresh, 2/37 vs. 1/46 for frozen), but two 3–4 cell stage zygotes were obtained with fresh sperm pre‐incubated with progesterone. This is an encouraging result for the setting up of an efficient IVF procedure in equine.
Use of a cervical stent for long‐term treatment of pyometra in the mare: A report of three cases
Authors: Krohn Judith , Ennen Sophia , Hospes Rainer , Nieth Jennifer , Wehrend Axel 
Published: May 2019

AbstractAn effective long‐term treatment is necessary for mares with pyometra, because the condition tends to recur. In many affected animals, several conformational or anatomical anomalies contribute to impaired uterine clearance. Ovariohysterectomy is the surgical procedure of choice. Conservative therapy consists of draining and flushing the uterus, and systemic anti‐inflammatory and antimicrobial treatment. Uterine secretions tend to accumulate again after local treatment, especially in mares with poor vaginal conformation or cervical adhesions. Herein, we describe three cases in which a cervical stent was used in mares after mechanical or manual dilation of the cervix to achieve permanent draining of the uterus. The mares remained symptom‐free for up to 6 years and exhibited good clinical progress and good performance in competitions. Potential complications of the procedure include loss of the stent and obstruction caused by viscous secretion. A cervical stent is a relatively easy and low‐cost option for the long‐term treatment of pyometra in mares, particularly in cases where excessive costs of surgery and risks of a general anaesthesia are to be avoided.
Association between epilepsy and oral maxillofacial trauma: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Moreira Falci Saulo Gabriel , Duarte‐Rodrigues Lucas , Primo‐Miranda Ednele Fabyene , Furtado Gonçalves Patrícia , Lanza Galvão Endi 
Published: May 2019

AbstractA systematic literature search was conducted (through April 2017), using Web of Science, PubMed and Virtual Health Library, manual reference list, and grey literature searches. The quality of the studies was evaluated using the Newcastle‐Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale. The meta‐analysis was performed using R software. A total of 30 studies was included in this review. From a total of 25 studies included in the meta‐analysis, the prevalence of oral and maxillofacial injuries among epileptic subjects was 19%. Among the epileptic patients who suffered some type of injury due to epileptic seizures, 52% had facial soft tissue injuries (95%CI: 28‐75%), 18% suffered dental trauma (95%CI: 11‐29%), and 12% (95%CI: 4‐28%) suffered maxillofacial fractures. Epileptic patients were more likely to have oral and maxillofacial injuries than healthy individuals (OR: 5.22, 95%CI: 2.84‐9.36) and subjects with psychogenic nonepileptic seizures (OR: 2.77, 95%CI: 1.28‐5.99), but not than patients with special needs (OR: 2.45,95%CI: 0.95‐6.31).
Hemocompatibility of different burn wound dressings
Authors: Denzinger Markus , Held Manuel , Scheffler Hanna , Haag Hanna , Nussler Andreas K. , Wendel Hans Peter , Schlensak Christian , Daigeler Adrien , Krajewski Stefanie 
Published: May 2019

AbstractA variety of wound dressing are available for burns. Furthermore, although their impacts on wound healing have been studied sufficiently, their effects on blood remain unclear. Meanwhile, this aspect is extremely important, since blood interacts with the wound dressing, especially in extensive burn injuries. Therefore, the aim of this study is to evaluate the hemocompatibility and immunogenicity of different burn wound dressings. Accordingly, human whole blood (n= 5) was anticoagulated with heparin, treated with different wound dressings and incubated at 37°C for 30 minutes. Different parameters for coagulation and hemocompatibility were evaluated before and after incubation. Consequently, Jelonet, Xenoderm, and Matriderm showed higher TAT‐III concentrations, Jelonet, Xenoderm, EZ Derm, and Matriderm were higher β‐thromboglobulin; EZ Derm and Burntec showed higher SC5b‐9 concentrations after incubation with whole blood. Our ex vivo study provided initial insights into the hemocompatibility and immunogenicity of different burn wound dressings. Moreover, Xenografts (Xenoderm and EZ Derm), Jelonet and Matriderm showed a hemostyptic effect, while EZ Derm and Burntec activated the complement system. Therefore, further studies must be conducted to analyze the possible effects in vivo.
Reviewer Acknowledgements
Authors: Willianms Ellery 
Published: May 2019

Business and Management Studies (BMS) would like to acknowledge the following reviewers for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Many authors, regardless of whether BMS publishes their work, appreciate the helpful feedback provided by the reviewers. Their comments and suggestions were of great help to the authors in improving the quality of their papers. Each of the reviewers listed below returned at least one review for this issue. Reviewers for Volume 5, Number 2 Andrzej Niemiec, Poznań University of Economics and Business, PolandAshford Chea, Benedict College, USAAthina Qendro, Robert Gordon University, UKDalia Susniene, Kaunas University of Technology, LithuaniaDereje Teklemariam Gebremeskel, Gent University, BelgiumFábio Albergaria de Queiroz, Catholic University of Brasília, BrazilFlorin Peci, University of Peja, KosovoFouad Jawab, Universite Sidi Mohamed Ben, MoroccoFuLi Zhou, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, ChinaGabriela O. Chiciudean, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaHung-Che Wu, Nanfang College of Sun Yat-sen University, ChinaIulia Cristina Muresan, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaJason Caudill, King University, USAJayalakshmy Ramachandran, Multimedia University, MalaysiaKherchi Ishak, UHBC University, AlgeriaLucie Andreisová, University of Economics in Prague, CzechMarica Ion Dumitrasco, Academy of Sciences of Moldova, MoldovaMichael Okoche, University of South Africa, UgandaMike Rayner, University of Portsmouth, UKMr. Abdul-Kahar Adam, University of Education, Winneba, GhanaMythili Kolluru, College of Banking and Financial Studies, OmanNalina Ganapathi, International Labour Office, SwitzerlandOksana Seroka-Stolka, Technical University of Czestochowa, PolandRaimundo Lima Filho, University of State of Bahia, BrazilRashedul Hasan, International Islamic University Malaysia, MalaysiaRocsana Tonis, Spiru Haret University, RomaniaSammy Kimunguyi, Office of The Auditor-General, KenyaSandeep Kumar , Tecnia Institute of Advanced Studies, Affiliated to GGSIP University Delgi, IndiaZeki Atıl Bulut, Dokuz Eylul University, TurkeyZoran Mastilo, University of East Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina Ellery WillianmsEditorial AssistantOn behalf of,The Editorial Board of Business and Management StudiesRedfame Publishing9450 SW Gemini Dr. #99416Beaverton, OR 97008, USAURL: http://bms.redfame.com