bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Galectin-3 and β-trace protein concentrations are higher in clinically unaffected patients with Fabry disease
Authors: Hernández-Romero Diana , Sánchez-Quiñones Jessica , Vílchez Juan Antonio , Rivera-Caravaca José Miguel , de la Morena Gonzalo , Lip Gregory Y. H. , Climent Vicente , Marín Francisco 
Published: April 2019

AbstractCurrent therapies have not shown benefit in organ damage reversal in Fabry disease (FD), but biomarkers could help risk stratification and prognosis. We investigated if several biomarkers of cardiac fibrosis, cardiac wall stress, myocardial injury, renal function and inflammation, are associated with early cardiac affectation in FD patients. We included FD patients from four cardiology outpatient clinics of southeastern Spain. At inclusion, Galectin-3 (Gal-3), N-terminal proB-type natriuretic peptide, high sensitivity troponin T (hsTnT), β-trace protein (BTP) and interleukin-6 concentrations were measured. The relation of biomarkers concentrations with clinical features, cardiac involvement and organ affectation according to the Mainz Severity Score Index (MSSI) was investigated. 44 FD patients (n = 21 affected and n = 23 unaffected) were compared to age and sex-respectively matched healthy controls. Significant differences in biomarkers’ concentration between FD groups were observed. Importantly, Gal-3 and BTP levels were higher in unaffected patients when compared with age and sex-matched healthy controls (both p < 0.05). All the biomarkers correlated with clinical features. When cut-off values for clinical affectation (measured as MSSI ≥ 20) were established, only hsTnT (OR 30.69, 95% CI 2.70–348.42) and male sex (OR 8.17, 95% CI 1.16–57.75) were independently associated with cardiac damage by multivariate regression analysis. Gal-3 and BTP levels are increased in unaffected FD patients compared to healthy controls. This suggests that these biomarkers could be useful for the early detection of cardiac affectation in FD patients. On the other hand, hsTnT and male sex are independent risk factors for established clinical cardiac damage in FD.
Comparative genomics and metagenomics of the metallomes
Authors: Zhang Yan , Ying Huimin , Xu Yinzhen 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Biological trace metals are needed by all living organisms in very small quantities. They play important roles in a variety of key cellular processes, resulting in a varying degree of dependence on metals for different organisms. While most effort has been placed on identifying metal metabolic pathways and characterizing metalloproteins and their functions, computational and systematical analyses of the metallomes (or metalloproteomes) have been limited. In the past several years, comparative genomics of the metallomes has arisen, which provides significant insights into the metabolism and function of metals as well as their evolution. This review focuses on recent progress in comparative genomic analysis of trace metals (such as copper, molybdenum, nickel, cobalt, selenium, iron and zinc) in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. These studies reveal distinct and dynamic evolutionary patterns of the utilization of different metals and metalloproteins. We also discuss advances in comparative metagenomic analysis of metals in microbial communities in diverse environments such as the global marine ecosystem, which offer new clues to the relationship between metal utilization and different types of environmental factors. Overall, comparative genomic and metagenomic analyses of the metallomes provide a foundation for systematic understanding of metal utilization, function and related evolutionary trends in the three domains of life.
Narratives About Autism: An Analysis of YouTube Videos by Individuals Who Self-Identify as Autistic
Authors: Angulo-Jiménez Henry , DeThorne Laura 
Published: April 2019

PurposeThe goal of this study was to expand the field's understanding of autism through the analysis of 1st-person perspectives from autistic video webloggers (vloggers).MethodThis study analyzed the representation of autism in 39 YouTube videos authored by self-identified autistic individuals and published between 2007 and 2015. Consistent with the cross-disciplinary tradition of narrative inquiry, thematic analyses of the video transcripts were conducted.FindingsVloggers were predominantly, but not exclusively, White male adults who spoke mainstream American English and self-identified as experiencing Asperger's syndrome. Key findings included (a) the predominance of a narrative about autism that incorporated features of both the medical model of disability and the neurodiversity paradigm to varying degrees, (b) a trend toward more medical model features across most content areas, and (c) a relatively high prevalence of neurodiversity paradigm features related specifically to language use and the description of autistic traits.ConclusionsImplications include the need for clinicians to (a) familiarize themselves with the varying views of autism held within the autistic community, (b) reflect on the language used to talk about autism and listen to how clients and/or their caregivers talk about it, and (c) consider the exploration of potential positive dimensions of autistic traits.
Synchronisation of a distributed control and data acquisition system for modular multi‐level PHIL amplifiers
Authors: Sands Kenneth D. , Broadmeadow Mark A. H. , Walker Geoffrey R. 
Published: April 2019

This research presents a novel technique to synchronise a modular control and data acquisition system for the testing of multi‐level power hardware‐in‐the‐loop (PHIL) amplifiers. The methodology is inspired by the precision timing protocol, used to compensate for communications latency between distributed control nodes. It uses a non‐conventional digital pulse‐width modulation (PWM) technique, phase accumulator carrier pulse‐width modulation to achieve carrier synchronisation across the system. A prototype design has been demonstrated on a three‐node test bench, showing single clock cycle (10 ns) precision when synchronising a 25 kHz PWM carrier wave, with minimal sensitivity to communications link propagation delays.
Larvicidal activity of Ocimum campechianum, Ocotea quixos and Piper aduncum essential oils against Aedes aegypti
Authors: Scalvenzi Laura , Radice Matteo , Toma Luciano , Severini Francesco , Boccolini Daniela , Bella Antonino , Guerrini Alessandra , Tacchini Massimo , Sacchetti Gianni , Chiurato Matteo , Romi Roberto , Di Luca Marco 
Published: April 2019

Aedes aegypti, the main arbovirus vector of the Yellow fever, Dengue, Chikungunya and Zika viruses, is widely distributed in tropical and subtropical areas throughout the world. Preventive control efforts have been implemented worldwide aimed at reducing its impact on human health. The recent reduction of chemicals available for vector control due to their negative impact on the environment and human health and the increase in mosquito resistance to insecticides have driven the research community to identify and evaluate sustainable alternatives to synthetic insecticides. In this study, the potential larvicidal effect of essential oils extracted from Ocimum campechianum, Ocotea quixos and Piper aduncum were tested in vitro. GC and GC–MS analyses showed that the main compounds were eugenol (18%), 1,8-cineole (39%) and dillapiole (48%), respectively. Susceptibility to essential oils was measured according to the WHO protocol. After 24 h, the mean percentage mortality ranged from 2.7 to 100% for P. aduncum, from 2.2 to 100% for O. campechianum, and from 2.9 to 100% for O. quixos. The highest potential was displayed by P. aduncum, followed by O. campechianum and O. quixos, with LC50 values of 25.7, 69.3 and 75.5 ppm, respectively. The rapid and effective larvicidal activity of these three oils led us to consider these results to be promising, also considering the possibility of local cultivation of these plants in tropical and subtropical areas and the simple technology for their large-scale preparation and production. Further studies are needed to evaluate the individual components and their activity as larvicides.
Die stufenweise Versorgung von sehr kleinen Frühgeborenen in Deutschland und international
Authors: Kreuzhof Julia , Maier Rolf , Döbler Klaus 
Published: April 2019

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Die Versorgung von Neugeborenen ist in Deutschland in der „Qualitätssicherungs-Richtlinie Früh- und Reifgeborene (QFR-RL)“ des Gemeinsamen Bundesausschusses geregelt. Die Zuordnung zu den vier Versorgungsstufen (Level) mit Level 1 als höchster Stufe erfolgt in Abhängigkeit von Schwangerschaftsrisiken, maternalen und fetalen Erkrankungen, Geburtsgewicht und Gestationsalter. Die deutschen Vorgaben zur Frühgeborenenversorgung werden mit internationalen Regularien verglichen und Gründe für international verwendete Geburtsgewichts- und Gestationsaltersgrenzen analysiert.
Methodik Leitlinien und gesetzliche Vorgaben wurden mittels Handsuche auf den Webseiten von Fachgesellschaften und Gesundheitsministerien in Europa, Nordamerika und Australien recherchiert.
Ergebnisse Außerhalb Deutschlands ist Level 1 die niedrigste von 2 bis 7 Versorgungsstufen. Ein Geburtsgewicht unter 1250 g oder unter 29+0 SSW bedingt in Deutschland die Behandlung im höchsten Versorgungslevel. International erfolgt die Zuteilung zur höchsten Versorgungsstufe zumeist bei den Gewichtsgrenzen 1250 g oder 1500 g. Häufig wird das Geburtsgewicht mit einem Gestationsalter verknüpft. Nur die American Academy of Pediatrics stützt die Abgrenzung von 1500 g und 32+0 SSW auf eine Meta-Analyse, in der eine signifikant geringere Mortalität nachgewiesen wurde, wenn diese Kinder in hochspezialisierten Kliniken geboren und behandelt wurden. Zwei Regularien nennen als Begründung Expertenmeinung.
Schlussfolgerungen Die Gewichts- und Gestationsaltersgrenzen bei der Frühgeborenenversorgung zeigen international ein inhomogenes Bild. Nur in einem Fall ist für die Festlegung eine wissenschaftliche Begründung ersichtlich.
Amorphous/crystalline Fe55Ni20Cu5P10Si5B5 composite produced by two-component melt–spinning
Authors: Ziewiec Krzysztof , Wojciechowska Mirosława , Prusik Krystian , Ferenc Jarosław , Mucha Dariusz , Ziewiec Aneta 
Published: April 2019

This work presents unique microstructure and thermal properties of the Fe55Ni20Cu5P10Si5B5 alloy produced by novel modification of the melt-spinning method, where two precursor alloys are simultaneously ejected i.e. Fe40Ni40P10Si5B5 and Fe70Cu10P10Si5B5, forming a composite ribbon. The investigation of melting the precursors by differential scanning calorimetry confirms the liquid miscibility of the Fe70Cu10P10Si5B5 alloy. The two-component melt-spun composite obtained from the two alloys is compared to the alloys produced from a homogeneous liquid. The electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry show different microstructure of the composite in comparison with the traditionally melt-spun alloys and our results reveal that the composite alloy inherits the thermal properties of the precursors. This paper is part of a Thematic Issue on The Crystallographic Aspects of Metallic Alloys.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: The role of multinational oil corporations (MNOCs) in Nigeria: more exploitation equals less development of oil-rich Niger Delta region
Authors: Oluwaniyi Oluwatoyin O. 
Published: April 2019

We, the Editors and Publisher of Review of African Political Economy, have retracted the following article:
Oluwaniyi, Oluwatoyin O. 2018. “The Role of Multinational Oil Corporations (MNOCs) in Nigeria: More Exploitation Equals Less Development of Oil-rich Niger Delta Region.” Review of African Political Economy 45 (158): 558-573. doi:10.1080/03056244.2018.1546687.
The above-named Review of African Political Economy article has been retracted and should not be cited. Following publication of the above article in print and online, it has been determined that the paper has been previously published elsewhere.
The Editors together with the publishers of the journal, Taylor & Francis, note that we received, peer-reviewed, accepted, and published the article on the basis of warranties made by the author regarding its originality and provenance.
We have been informed in our decision-making by our publishing ethics and the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) guidelines on retractions.
The retracted article will remain online to maintain the scholarly record, but it will be digitally watermarked on each page as “Retracted”.
Overview of the recent experimental research on the J-TEXT tokamak
Authors: Liang Y. , Wang N.C. , Ding Y.H. , Chen Z.Y. , Chen Z.P. , Yang Z.J. , Hu Q.M. , Cheng Z.F. , Wang L. , Jiang Z.H. , Rao B. , Huang Z. , Li Y. , Yan W. , Li D. , Liu H. , Zeng L. , Huang Y. , Huang D.W. , Lin Z.F. , Zheng W. , Hu F.R. , Zhao K.J. , Jiang M. , Shi Y.J. , Zhou H. , Peng S.T. , Guo W.X. , Gao L. , Wang Z.J. , Zhang M. , Yu K.X. , Hu X.W. , Yu Q. , Zhuang G. , Gentle K.W. , Pan Y. 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Recent J-TEXT research has highlighted the significance of the role that non-axisymmetric magnetic perturbations, so called three-dimensional (3D) magnetic perturbation (MP) fields, play in a fundamentally 2D concept, i.e. tokamaks. This paper presents the J-TEXT results achieved over the last two years, especially on the impacts of 3D MP fields on magnetohydrodynamic instabilities, plasma disruptions and plasma turbulence transport.
On J-TEXT, the resonant MP (RMP) system, capable of providing either a static or a high frequency (up to 8 kHz) rotating RMP field, has been upgraded by adding a new set of 12 in-vessel saddle coils. The shattered pellet injection system was built in J-TEXT in the spring of 2018. The new capabilities advance J-TEXT to be at the forefront of international magnetic fusion facilities, allowing flexible study of 3D effects and disruption mitigation in a tokamak.
The fast rotating RMP field has been successfully applied for avoidance of mode locking and the prevention of plasma disruption. A new control strategy, which applies pulsed RMP to the tearing mode only during the accelerating phase region, was proved by nonlinear numerical modelling to be efficient in accelerating mode rotation and even completely suppresses the mode. Remarkably, the rotating tearing mode was completely suppressed by the electrode biasing. The impacts of 3D magnetic topology on the turbulence has been investigated on J-TEXT. It is found that the fluctuations of electron density, electron temperature and plasma potential can be significantly modulated by the island structure, and a larger fluctuation level appears at the X-point of islands. The suppression of runaway electrons during disruptions is essential to the operation of ITER, and it has been reached by utilizing the 3D magnetic perturbations on J-TEXT. This may provide an alternative mechanism of runaway suppression for large-scale tokamaks and ITER.
Changing supersites: assessing the impact of the southern UK EMEP supersite relocation on measured atmospheric composition
Authors: Walker H L , Heal M R , Braban C F , Ritchie S , Conolly C , Sanocka A , Dragosits U , Twigg M M 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
In January 2016 the United Kingdom’s southern European Monitoring and Evaluation Programme (EMEP) level-2 air pollution monitoring ‘supersite’ was relocated from Harwell, Oxfordshire to Chilbolton Observatory, Hampshire. As no co-location study was undertaken, this work retrospectively investigates whether the supersite relocation has led to discontinuities in the time series of concentrations of commonly studied gaseous pollutants (NOx, NH3, SO2 and O3) and particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10). Two years of measurements pre- and post-relocation (2014–15 and 2016–17 respectively) were analysed in conjunction with meteorological variables and local emission data. The deweather package was applied to the concatenated time series to minimise the influence of meteorology. Similar average concentrations of PM2.5, PM10, SO2 and O3 were observed, but there were substantial differences in that of NOx and NH3 (increase by factors of ∼1.6 and ∼3, respectively). The considerably higher NH3 concentrations at Chilbolton are attributed to the close proximity of mixed farmland, in particular to a strong south-westerly source contributing to ∼50% of the annual average. NOx and PM concentrations in easterly winds arriving at Chilbolton are ∼2.7 and ∼1.5 times larger than at Harwell, from sources including the M3 motorway and Greater London. Westerly concentrations of NOx remain similar, therefore despite a higher frequency of westerly wind, annual mean concentrations are larger. Lower concentrations of PM arriving from the west result in similar annual averages. The secondary inorganic and black carbon components of PM were broadly similar between the sites. The differences in average NOx and NH3 at Chilbolton must be taken into account when considering long-term regional trends based on the southern UK supersite data.
Transcription factors–DNA interactions in rice: identification and verification
Authors: Shen Zijie , Lin Yuan , Zou Quan 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe completion of the rice genome sequence paved the way for rice functional genomics research. Additionally, the functional characterization of transcription factors is currently a popular and crucial objective among researchers. Transcription factors are one of the groups of proteins that bind to either enhancer or promoter regions of genes to regulate expression. On the basis of several typical examples of transcription factor analyses, we herein summarize selected research strategies and methods and introduce their advantages and disadvantages. This review may provide some theoretical and technical guidelines for future investigations of transcription factors, which may be helpful to develop new rice varieties with ideal traits.
RNA-mediated translation regulation in viral genomes: computational advances in the recognition of sequences and structures
Authors: Gupta Asmita , Bansal Manju 
Published: April 2019

AbstractRNA structures are widely distributed across all life forms. The global conformation of these structures is defined by a variety of constituent structural units such as helices, hairpin loops, kissing-loop motifs and pseudoknots, which often behave in a modular way. Their ubiquitous distribution is associated with a variety of functions in biological processes. The location of these structures in the genomes of RNA viruses is often coordinated with specific processes in the viral life cycle, where the presence of the structure acts as a checkpoint for deciding the eventual fate of the process. These structures have been found to adopt complex conformations and exert their effects by interacting with ribosomes, multiple host translation factors and small RNA molecules like miRNA. A number of such RNA structures have also been shown to regulate translation in viruses at the level of initiation, elongation or termination. The role of various computational studies in the preliminary identification of such sequences and/or structures and subsequent functional analysis has not been fully appreciated. This review aims to summarize the processes in which viral RNA structures have been found to play an active role in translational regulation, their global conformational features and the bioinformatics/computational tools available for the identification and prediction of these structures.
Financialisation and tendencies towards stagnation: the role of macroeconomic regime changes in the course of and after the financial and economic crisis 2007–09
Authors: Hein Eckhard 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThis paper argues that the re-emergence of stagnation tendencies in modern capitalism can be related to financialisation and its macroeconomic failures leading to the recent crises, and in particular to the macroeconomic responses towards the crisis and the respective regime shifts in mature capitalist economies. The focus of the paper is on the latter, and it examines the regime changes for six mature capitalist economies, the two liberal Anglo-Saxon economies of the USA and the UK, a representative country from the Nordic welfare states, Sweden, the three important Eurozone countries France, Germany and Spain, as well as the core Eurozone (EA-12) as a whole. The concept of macroeconomic regimes under the conditions of financialisation is recapitulated, applied to the period before the crisis, and finally the regime changes during and after the crisis are examined. It is shown that a dominant tendency towards export-led mercantilism, in particular in the Eurozone and its main member countries, imposes an aggregation problem on the global economy and thus contributes to stagnation and rising global macroeconomic risks. Finally, short- and long-run alternative policies to deal with these problems are suggested.
Morphological Accuracy in the Speech of Bimodal Bilingual Children with CIs
Authors: Goodwin Corina , Lillo-Martin Diane 
Published: April 2019

AbstractSign language use in the (re)habilitation of children with cochlear implants (CIs) remains a controversial issue. Concerns that signing impedes spoken language development are based on research comparing children exposed to spoken and signed language (bilinguals) to children exposed only to speech (monolinguals), although abundant research demonstrates that bilinguals and monolinguals differ in language development. We control for bilingualism effects by comparing bimodal bilingual (signing-speaking) children with CIs (BB-CI) to those with typical hearing (BB-TH). Each child had at least one Deaf parent and was exposed to ASL from birth. The BB-THs were exposed to English from birth by hearing family members, while the BB-CIs began English exposure after cochlear implantation around 22-months-of-age. Elicited speech samples were analyzed for accuracy of English grammatical morpheme production. Although there was a trend toward lower overall accuracy in the BB-CIs, this seemed driven by increased omission of the plural -s, suggesting an exaggerated role of perceptual salience in this group. Errors of commission were rare in both groups. Because both groups were bimodal bilinguals, trends toward group differences were likely caused by delayed exposure to spoken language or hearing through a CI, rather than sign language exposure.