bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Şizofreni tanılı hastalarda metabolik sendrom ve D vitamini düzeyleri ilişkisi
Authors: DEMİRKOL Mehmet Emin , TAMAM Lut , ÇAKMAK Soner , YEŞİLOĞLU Caner 
Published: September 2019

Amaç: Bu çalışmada şizofreni tanılı hastalarda D vitamini, Pozitif ve Negatif Sendrom Ölçeği skorları, antipsikotik kullanımı ve sosyodemografik verilerin metabolik sendrom ile ilişkisinin gösterilmesi amaçlanmıştır.Gereç ve Yöntem: Retrospektif dosya tarama esasına bağlı bu çalışmaya Çukurova Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Ruh Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Anabilim Dalı yataklı servisinde sağaltım görmüş 31’inde metabolik sendrom tanısı olan 119 şizofreni tanılı hasta dahil edilmiştir. Hastaların sosyodemografik verileri, hastalık yılı, yatış sayısı, Pozitif ve Negatif Sendrom Ölçeği skorları, vitamin D kan düzeyleri, HDL, trigliserit, glukoz, HBa1c, arteriyel kan basıncı değerleri, bel çevresi, vücut kitle indeksi ölçümleri incelenmiştir. Bulgular: Çalışmaya dahil edilen hastaların 63’ü kadın, 56’sı erkektir. Hastaların 63’ünde vitamin D düzeyi düşüklüğü saptanmıştır. MS tanısı olanlar ve olmayanları arasında HDL, arteriyel kan basıncı, açlık kan glukozu, trigliserit, bel çevresi, vücut kitle indeksi değerlerinin analizinde anlamlı farklılık saptanmıştır. Bu değerler National Cholesterol Education Programme Adult Treatment Panel III metabolik sendrom tanı kriterleri olduğu için lojistik regresyon analizine dahil edilmemiştir. Basit lineer regresyon ve lojistik regresyon analizi ile metabolik sendrom tanısı olan grupta olmayanlara göre hastalık yılı ve hasta yaşları anlamlı olarak yüksek, D vitamini düzeyleri anlamlı olarak düşük saptanmıştır.Sonuç: Bu çalışmada metabolik sendrom riskini arttıran faktörlerden değiştirilebilir olan vitamin D kan düzeyine dikkat edilmesi gerektiği gösterilmiştir.
A high dietary fiber randomized clinical trial reduces gestational weight gain, fat accrual, and postpartum weight retention
Authors: Hull Holly R. , Herman Amy , Gibbs Heather , Gajewski Byron , Krase Kelli , Carlson Susan E. , Sullivan Debra K. , Goetz Jeannine 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background Interventions to prevent excessive gestational weight gain (GWG) have had limited success This pilot study examined the effectiveness of a single goal (SG) high dietary fiber intervention to prevent excessive GWG.Methods Twelve weekly lessons focused on consuming a high fiber diet (≥30 g/day). Snacks containing 10-12 g of dietary fiber were given for the first six weeks only. Body composition was measured at baseline and at the end of the intervention. At one-year postpartum, body weight retention and dietary practices were assessed.Results The SG group increased fiber intake during the study (32 g/day at 6 weeks, 27 g/day at 12 weeks), whereas the UC group did not (~17 g/day). No differences were found for the proportion of women classified as excessive gainers. During the intervention, the SG group gained less body weight (-4.1 kg) and less fat mass (-2.8 kg) (p<0.05). At one year postpartum, the SG group retained less weight, though non-significant (0.35 vs. 4.4 kg, respectively; p=0.32), and reported trying to currently eat high fiber foods.Conclusion The SG intervention resulted in less weight gain, fat accrual, and weight retention at one year postpartum. A residual intervention effect was detected postpartum with the participants reporting continued efforts to consume a high fiber diet.
Determinants of late antenatal care follow up among pregnant women in Easter zone Tigray, Northern Ethiopia, 2018. Unmatched case- control study
Authors: Gebremariam Gebrehiwot , Teklehaimanot Berhane Fsseha , Gebru Hurut Teame , Gebrezgi Zinabu Asfaw , Tekola Kidanemaryam Berhe , Baraki Mulu Fitwi 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Objective: The purpose of this study was to identify determinants of late antennal care at first visit in health facilities of eastern Tigray, Northern Ethiopia 2018.
Result : Women with unplanned pregnancy were 4 times more likely attending late (AOR= 4.03, 95%, CI: 1.56-5.67). Participants who attended antenatal care after 16 weeks for previous pregnancies were 3.9 times attending late (AOR= 3.9, 95% CI: 1.98-7.68). Participants who did not supported by partner for antenatal visit were1.3 more likely attending late (AOR= 1.29,95%, CI: 1.05-4.67). Similarly women who recognized their pregnancy at three months or late were 4.7 attending late ( AOR= 4.7,95%,CI: 2.49-9.04). Women who received adequate time by health care providers during antenatal care follow up were 53% less likely attending late. As a conclusion, unplanned pregnancy, partner support, late recognizing of pregnancy; gravidity and provided adequate time for antenatal care were the determinants of late attending of antenatal care. There for responsible bodies should give focuses on utilization of family planning, increasing awareness of pregnancy symptoms and health provisional provide adequate time during visits.
Longitudinal changes in energy balance during pregnancy in South African women from the Tlokwe Municipal area
Authors: Oort Van Fourie , Moss Sarah J , Schutz Y 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background Energy balance in the era of obesity, contributes to challenges in healthy weight maintenance. The study aims to determine the changes in energy intake and expenditure from the first to the third trimester of pregnancy in women from the Tlokwe Municipal area.Methods We followed a longitudinal observational design to measure healthy pregnant women in the first (9–12 weeks), second (20–22 weeks) and third trimester (28–32 weeks). A valitdated, semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire determined energy and macronutrient intakes. Energy expenditure (EE) was calculated from resting energy expenditure, as measured by indirect calorimetry (FitMate®), whereas activity energy expenditure was measured by combining heart rate and accelerometry (ActiHeart®). Energy balance was calculated as the difference between energy expenditure and energy intake. A mixed-model analysis was performed to determine significant differences between energy expenditure and intake during pregnancy.Results Energy intake increased from the first (8841 ± 3456 kJ/day) to the second trimester (9134 ± 3046 kJ/day) and declined in the third trimester of pregnancy (8171 ± 3017 kJ/day). A negative energy balance was found during the first (-1374 ± 4548 kJ/day) and third trimesters (-1331 ± 3734 kJ/day), whereas a minor positive energy balance was observed in the second trimester (380 ± 14212 kJ/day). Resting energy expenditure showed significant differences between the second and third, as well as the first and third trimesters. Changes in activity energy expenditure throughout pregnancy showed practical significance between the first and third trimesters.Conclusions Energy intake and expenditure during pregnancy did not differ. The additional energy expenditure in the third trimester could be attributed to resting energy expenditure and a decrease in activity energy expenditure.
Systematic review of the tools of oral and dental health literacy: Assessment of conceptual dimensions and psychometric properties
Authors: Ghaffari Mohtasham , Mehrabi Yadollah , Rakhshanderou Sakineh , Ramezankhani Ali , Safari-Moradabadi Ali 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background This article aims to provide a description of conceptual dimensions and psychometric properties of the tools of oral and dental health literacy.Methods Two authors in this study conducted electronic searches in the Medline (via PubMed), and Embase databases to find relevant articles from 1990 to present day. Evaluation of the tools was carried out in two parts; general evaluation of the tools using skills introduced by Sornes et al., and qualitative assessment of psychometric properties using COSMIN checklist.Results After reviewing 1839 articles on oral and dental health literacy and evaluating 33 full text articles for eligibility, 21 articles entered the study. The sample size varied from 20 to 1405 subjects and the items of each tool ranged from 11 to 99 items. Of the 21 tools examined, 16 tools were evaluated for word recognition. For the studies examined, the evaluation of COSMIN scores was often fair or good. Of the 21 tools examined, 9 tools at least in one dimension were in the category of "poor", 19 tools were in the category of "fair", 20 tools were in the category of "good", and 4 tools were in the category of "excellent" in at least one dimension.Discussion The authors of this study emphasize on the necessity to design and develop a comprehensive tool and take into account two characteristics of simplicity and briefness for international use. Because it is only then that, the tool can be used to transform oral and dental health literacy into a comprehensive and usable index for monitoring the world’s health system (in oral health).
Exploratory and Confirmatory Factor Analysis of the Jefferson Scale of Empathy among Chinese Medical Students
Authors: Chen Xuyu , Ran Li , Gu Yaohua , Zhang Yuting , Wu Wenwen , Tan Xaiodong 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background: Empathy is critical for medical training, clinical practice, even the future professionalism of medical students. The Jefferson scale of empathy- Students version (JSE-S) was developed for estimating empathy among medical students and it’s a psychometrically sound instrument. The purpose of the study is to develop a validated translation of JSE-S that used by Chinese medical students and to confirm the psychometric properties, underlying component and latent variable structure of the Chinese JSE-S. Methods: The JSE-S was translated into Chinese based on standardized guidelines. The sample was divided to two parts. The first half of the data was used for exploratory factor analysis (EFA) using principal component analysis(PCA) with oblique rotation(promax), and the latter was used for confirmatory factor analysis(CFA) using structural equation modeling(SEM). Results: 749 questionnaires (94.81%) were eligible. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of the JSE-S for the entire sample was 0.89. EFA indicated that three-component solution was acceptable, and the three components are "Perspective Taking", "Compassionate Care" and "Emotional Detachment" respectively. Item 18 was proposed to move to the third factor. CFA indicated that the three-factors model showed an acceptable goodness of fit. Conclusions: Reliability and validity of the Chinese JSE-S were satisfactory among Chinese medical students. The results supporting the underlying factor structure of the Chinese JSE-S.
The Safety and Feasibility of Radial Endobronchial Ultrasound-guided Transbronchial Cryobiopsy in Diffuse Pulmonary Infiltrate Diseases
Authors: Cheng wen chien , Shen Meng-Fang , Wu Biing-Ru , Liao Wei-Chih , Chen Chih-Yu , Chen Wei-Chun , Chen Chia-Hung , Tu Chih-Yen 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background Transbronchial lung cryobiopsy (TBLC) has emerged as a new bronchoscopic procedure which can improve specimen size and obtain crush artifact-free tissue to increase diagnostic yield in various diffuse parenchymal lung diseases (DPLDs). However, TBLC has been associated with a higher incidence of complications, and variability in diagnostic yield. Radial probe endobronchial ultrasound (R-EBUS) may be able to overcome these problems. We evaluated the safety and feasibility of TBLC in combination with R-EBUS to diagnose DPLDs.Methods We conducted this retrospective study at a single medical center from January 2015 to March 2019. Patients with DPLDs who underwent R-EBUS to locate target lesions and confirm the absence of adjacent vessels, followed by sampling with conventional transbronchial lung forceps biopsy (TBLB) and cryobiopsy (TBLC) were enrolled. TBLC and TBLB samples were sent to the pathology department for diagnostic analysis. The sample size, diagnostic yield and complications after the procedure were recorded.Results A total 30 patients with DPLD were analyzed, of whom 17 had diffuse lung infiltrates and 13 had pulmonary nodules/masses. The overall diagnostic rate was 80% (24/30) and the diagnostic yield increased from 46.7% with the forceps biopsy to 73.3% after adding cryobiopsy (p=0.038). Compared to conventional transbronchial biopsy with forceps, cryobiopsy provided a larger specimen and sample volume (40 mm3 vs 6 mm3; p<0.001). Twenty-two (73.3%) patients had mild bleeding, two (6.7%) had moderate to severe bleeding, and one (3%) had pneumothorax. Ten patients who initially had non-diagnostic results by TBLB received a definite diagnosis after adding TBLC. Among these patients, eight (8/10) were ultimately diagnosed with interstitial lung disease (ILD) (p<0.001).Conclusions TBLC with R-EBUS guidance increased the diagnostic yield in patients with DPLD, particularly in those with ILD. The samples obtained by TBLC were significantly larger and there were no severe complications after the procedure. Larger studies are needed to confirm the safety and feasibility of R-EBUS-guided TBLC.
Identifying the most effective tool to assess health status of patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease -a prospective study
Authors: chen ping , Zhou Aiyuan , Zhou Zijing , Deng Dingding , Zhao Yiyang , Duan Jiaxi 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background: There is currently no recognized discharge criteria for patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD). In clinical work, pulmonologists determine whether a patient can be discharged considering the patient self-reported health status and some measurements which are related to the health status of AECOPD patients. Various measurements have been used to evaluate health status in patients with AECOPD, including lung function, fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FENO), blood gas analysis, COPD Assessment Test (CAT) and modified Medical Research Council test (mMRC). However, which one is most closely related to the patient self-reported health status remains unknown. Methods: Patients with AECOPD were assessed at two visits: on admission and on day 7. The above measurements were tested at each visit. At the second visit, the patients were asked to report the health status according to a five-point Likert scale ranging from 1 to 5, representing ‘much better’, ‘slightly better’, ‘no change’, ‘slightly worse’ and ‘much worse’. Based on patients self-reported outcome, we defined the responders as those patients who reported “much better,” or “slightly better”, non-responders were those who reported ‘no change,’ ‘slightly worse’ or ‘much worse’. Results: 55 patients were recruited into analysis. FENO and CAT could change sensitively based on different health status, except failing to differentiate the patients between those who reported ‘slightly better’ and ‘no changes’. The changes in predicted percentage of forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1%) didn’t change significantly between ‘no change’ group and ‘slightly better or much better’ group, it could only identify the ‘slightly worse’ patients. Although mMRC and blood gas analysis (PaO2, PaCO2) changed significantly after treatment, they didn’t reflect sensitively the evolution of health status. Among these measurements, the changes in CAT was best correlated with the evolution of health status (Rho=0.81), followed by FENO and FEV1%, the rho was 0.59 and -0.42, respectively. Conclusion: It’s reasonable to monitor CAT and FENO during exacerbation stage, the use of lung function and mMRC to evaluate the evolution of patients’ reported health status of patients with AECOPD is limited. Registry number: ChiCTR-ROC-16009087 (http://www.chictr.org.cn/).
Immunization with neural derived peptides increases neurogenesis in rats with chronic spinal cord injury
Authors: Rodriguez-Barrera Roxana , Flores-Romero Adrian , García Elisa , Fernández-Presas Ana Maria , Incontri-Abraham Diego , Navarro-Torres Lisset Karina , Whaley Juan José Juárez-Vignon , Madrazo Ignacio , Ibarra Antonio 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background Immunization with neural derived peptides (INDP) has demonstrated to be a promising therapy to achieve a regenerative effect in the chronic phase of the spinal cord injury (SCI). Nevertheless, to date INDP-induced neurogenic effects in the chronic stage of SCI has not been explored. In the present study, we first analyzed the effect of INDP on both motor and sensitive function recovery; afterwards, we assessed neurogenesis and determined the production of cytokines and neurotrophic factors. We analyzed motor and sensitivity recovery using the BBB score and the Von Frey Hair test, respectively. Neurogenesis was evaluated by immunofluorescence. Finally, we examined the expression of IL-4, IL-10, BDNF and GAP-43 using an ELISA assay.Results During the chronic stage of SCI, rats subjected to INDP showed a significant increase in both motor and sensitive recovery when compared to the control group. Moreover, we found a significant increase in neurogenesis, mainly at the central canal and both the dorsal and ventral horns of INDP-treated animals. Finally, INDP induced a significant production of anti-inflammatory and regeneration-associated proteins in the chronic stages of injury.Conclusions These findings suggest that INDP has a neurogenic effect that could improve motor and sensitive recovery in the chronic stage of SCI.
The nutrigenomic metabolite L‑carnitine directly modulates the activity and expression of nuclear receptors in adipocytes, liver and muscle cells
Authors: Förster Lorenz , Indra Dominic , Hofbauer Reinhold 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background: L‑carnitine is an indispensable metabolite in eukaryotic cells, which facilitates transport of long‑chain fatty acids into the mitochondrial matrix for subsequent β-oxidation and helps to safeguard the acetyl-CoA level. Additionally, L‑carnitine has been proven to exert a nutrigenomic effect, modulating the expression of numerous target genes. However, the diverging time-dependent effects of short-term and extended L‑carnitine supplementation have not been investigated in more detail yet, especially in the interplay of adipocytes, liver and muscle cells. A cell culture model with conditions of L‑carnitine deficiency and supplementation for these cell types was established to investigate the effects of L‑carnitine on key nuclear receptors and their pathways. Results: L‑carnitine deficiency as well as L‑carnitine supplementation to hepatocytes modulated protein activity of multiple nuclear receptor pathways (RAR, RXR, VDR, PPAR, HNF4, ER, LXR). On the transcriptional level, short‑term L‑carnitine supplementation initially exerted an inhibitory effect on the steady state mRNA levels of PPAR‑α, PPAR‑δ, PPAR-γ, RAR‑β , LXR‑α and RXR‑α in adipocytes, liver and muscle cells. However, extended L‑carnitine supplementation for 24 and 48 hours led to a significant upregulation of PPAR‑α and PPAR‑δ , being key regulators of lipid catabolism, thereby promoting lipolysis and β-oxidation. In addition, significant differences in transcriptional modulation were found between adipocytes, liver and muscle cells. Extended L‑carnitine administration to hepatocytes also modulated mRNA expression levels of nuclear receptor target genes CYP2R1 , ALDH1A1 , HSD11B2 , OGT and HMGCR. Conclusions: These findings show a clear nutrigenomic effect of L‑carnitine on the protein activity and expression levels of selected nuclear receptors in different tissues, promoting lipolytic gene expression as well as decreasing transcription of adipogenic and insulin-resistance linked genes. Therefore L‑carnitine supplementation obviously is a promising strategy supporting established antihyperlipidemic therapies.
Risk factors for poor health and performance in European broiler production systems.
Authors: Limbergen Tommy A.A. Van , Sarrazin Steven , Chantziaras Ilias , Dewulf Jeroen , Ducatelle Richard , Kyriazakis Ilias , McMullin Paul , Méndez Jesús , Niemi Jarkko K. , Papasolomontos Sotiris , Szeleszczuk Piotr , Erum Johan Van , Maes Dominiek 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background Conventional broilers are currently one of the most efficient protein converters. Although decades of progress in genetic selection and feed formulation have lead to high standards of efficient broiler production, still a lot of variability is found between farms and between successive flocks. The aim of this study was to investigate risk- and/or protective factors for poor health and performance in conventional broiler-farms in Europe by developing eight multivariable linear mixed models. Three different models were used to investigate mortality (overall, first week, after first week), three models for performance variables (growth, feed conversion, European production index) and two models were related to slaughterhouse data (i.e. dead on arrival and condemnation rate). Results Several factors related to management and housing were significantly associated with health and performance of broilers. The following factors were associated with increased mortality: floor quality, neonatal septicemia, ventilation type and other professional activities of the farmer. The factors associated with performance were chick sex, coccidiosis infections, necrotic enteritis, dysbacteriosis, light intensity adaptations, ventilation type, comparing daily flock results with previous flock results by farmer, daily check of feed and water system and type of feed. For dead on arrival three risk factors were identified i.e. daily growth, type of light adaptation and type of drinkers system. For condemnation rate seven risk factors were found, i.e. type of drinking system, daily growth, feed withdrawal time, type of ventilation, house size, septicemia after seven days and type of feed. Conclusions These results imply that a multifactorial approach is required with adaptations involving both improvements in management, housing, health programs and an increasing level of professionalism of the farmer in order to improve broiler performance and health.