bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Incremental Validity of Components of the Vestibular/Ocular Motor Screening for Concussion
Authors: Sandel Sherry N , Ernst N , Doman J , Holland C , Bitzer H , Kontos A P 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Purpose
The Vestibular/Ocular Motor Screening (VOMS) tool for concussion evaluates symptom provocation (in a fixed order) across the following neuromotor tasks: smooth pursuits (SP), saccades-horizontal (Sac-H), saccades-vertical (Sac-V), near point of convergence (NPC), vestibular-ocular reflex-horizontal (VOR-H), vestibular-ocular reflex-vertical (VOR-V), and visual motion sensitivity (VMS). The current study evaluates the incremental validity of each VOMS component in consecutive order.

Methods
Retrospective record review of 193 subjects (49% male) aged 10–22 years old diagnosed with concussion (sport and non-sport injuries) and demonstrated an abnormal VOMS (defined by symptom provocation >2 or NPC >5cm) at initial evaluation in a specialty concussion clinic. Hierarchical regression was performed with VOMS total score (range: 0-320) as the dependent variable and each VOMS component as predictors in seven consecutive steps.

Results
The model was significant (p<.001) at each step; the final model including all seven VOMS components in order (SP, Sac-H, Sac-V, NPC, VOR-H, VOR-V, and VMS) was significant, F(7,185)= 6.87, p<.001 and accounted for 20.6% of the variance in total VOMS score. The only significant predictors in the final model included: SP (p=.01), NPC (p=.04), and VOR-H (p=.04).

Conclusion
Provocation of symptoms on SP, NPC, and VOR-H are the best predictors of total VOMS score. NPC and VOR-H symptom provocation provide unique value to vestibular screening beyond symptom provocation on SP and after completion of all other VOMS components. This information may be clinically useful when vestibular screening must be expedited (e.g., highly symptomatic patient, sideline assessment).
Comparing Acute Symptoms and Recovery Time Following Sports-Related Concussion Across School Age Groups
Authors: Tarkenton T , Presley C , Didehbani N , Silver C H , Cullum C M 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Purpose
Despite considerable research on pediatric sports-related concussion (SRC), few studies have analyzed groups from school-age through young adulthood. This study aimed to examine acute symptoms (i.e., emotional, physical, and cognitive) and recovery times across this age range.

Methods
Participants age 5–25 with SRC (n=611) presented to concussion clinics in the North Texas Concussion Registry within 2 weeks of injury. Subjects were stratified into 4 age groups: early elementary (age 5-9; n=19), late elementary (10–13; n=181), high school (14-17; n=384), and college (18-25; n=39). The Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), General Anxiety Disorder-7 Item Scale (GAD-7), and concussion symptom log (Sx log), were administered. ANOVA was used to compare symptom scores and recovery times across groups.

Results
Differences were found on PHQ-9 scores (p=.05), with the early elementary and high school groups reporting significantly higher levels of depressive symptoms than the late elementary and college groups. No differences were seen on GAD-7 scores. Differences in Sx log severity scores were nonsignificant (p=.09), although scores increased with age (early: M=21.4, late=25.7, high school=30.0, college=35.5). Lastly, recovery time differed across groups (p=.008), with early elementary participants having the longest recovery (M=8.3 days) and the college group having the shortest (M=5.1 days).

Conclusion
Older age groups reported higher levels of acute post-concussion symptoms and more rapid recovery compared to younger age groups, suggesting that symptomatology and recovery time vary developmentally and the effects of age warrant consideration in young athletes.
Detecting Sandbagging Performance on CNS Vital Signs Concussion Baseline Testing
Authors: Anderson M N , Lempke L B , Bell D H , Lynall R C , Schmidt J D 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Purpose
To determine CNS Vital Signs validity indicator accuracy in detecting coached suboptimal performance (i.e. sandbagging) on neurocognitive testing.

Methods
Fifty college-aged students (age=20.8–1.1 years, range 18–25) were randomly assigned to two groups of 25. We compared neurocognitive test performance for two groups completing CNS Vital Signs instructed through verbal scripts to either (1) try their best (control) or (2) purposely sandbag. Participants rated their effort after completing neurocognitive testing on a Visual Analog Scale (0mm=no effort, 100mm=maximum effort). A one-way MANOVA was used to determine domain score differences between the control and sandbagging groups (alpha=0.05) and percent flagged as invalid. A series of ANOVA’s was used to post-hoc the MANOVA.

Results
Significant raw domain score group differences were identified (V=0.67, F=7.13, p<0.001) such that the sandbagging group performed significantly worse on visual memory, psychomotor speed, reaction time, complex attention, cognitive flexibility, processing speed, executive function, and motor speed compared to the control group. Built-in CNS Vital Signs invalidity indicators successfully identified approximately 70% (17/25) of coached sandbaggers. Approximately 12% of control group participants (3/25) fell below the validity cutoff for simple attention despite instructions to perform their best. All participants on average reported less than optimal effort (mean= 6.8–2.5).

Conclusion
Built-in CNS Vital Signs validity indicators do an overall good job at identifying those attempting to purposefully sandbag the test. Given that 30% of intentional sandbaggers went undetected, clinicians should consider additional safeguards beyond test algorithms to detect these individuals at baseline.
Prevalence of Post-Exertion Cognitive Test Failure in Varsity Athletes with a History of Concussion
Authors: Sicard V , Caron G , Moore R D , Ellemberg D 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to determine whether varsity athletes with a history of concussions (6+ months from injury) show post-exertion cognitive alterations relative to their control counterparts.

Methods
Sixty-eight participants (34 with a HOC; 34 carefully-matched teammate controls) participated in this study. The research protocol consisted of a 20-min exertion protocol on stationary bike at 80% (80.98 ± 2.44%) of their theoretical maximal heart rate. Following physical exertion, they performed an experimental Switch task designed to assess executive functions. A series of one-way ANOVAs were performed to compare accuracy (Acc) and response time (RT) between HOC and control athletes on the Switch task. Since the study population was assumed to be heterogeneous, we ran chi-squared tests to determine if there was a group difference in the proportion of participants who underperformed by having a score that was at least 2SD higher (RT) or lower (Acc) than the mean.

Results
Whilst no significant group difference in performance on the Switch task, the chi-squared test revealed that significantly more HOC athletes (20.6%) underperformed relative to the controls based on their Acc (2.9%; Pearson χ²=5.10, p=0.02). chi-squared test for RT was not significant and no athlete failed both an Acc and RT.

Conclusion
Although the current results did not support our initial hypothesis that an acute bout of exercise would reveal persistent alterations that were not present at rest, they are in line with previous research indicating cognitive alterations in a minority of athletes (one in five) who sustained a concussion, despite reporting being asymptomatic and be actively participating in their sports. They also highlight the importance of considering inter-individual differences in recovery trajectories with heterogeneous population such as concussed athletes.
The Effect of Concussions on the Emotion Regulation Processes of Martial Arts Athletes
Authors: Sauvé WMoore R D , Ellemberg D 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Purpose
To identify differences in the use of cognitive emotion regulation strategies between martial artists who sustained concussive injuries and their control teammates.

Methods
Athletes (9 concussed, 10 controls) from martial arts teams completed the cognitive emotion regulation questionnaire (CERQ) and rated pictures from the International Affective Pictures System (IAPS) using the self-assessment manikin (SAM). Athletes actively participating in martial arts were recruited directly from their team 9 months (280.67±85.59 days) following a concussion. Athletes with a diagnosis of neurologic disorder were excluded form the analysis.

Results
Athletes with a history of concussion reported catastrophizing (p=.007) significantly less often and reported putting things in perspective (p=.04) more often than controls when faced with a negative event. While viewing neutral (p=.05) and negative (p=.03) pictures, athletes with a history of concussion rated pictures as more positive than controls did. They also felt more in control than non-concussed athletes while viewing positive (p=.008), neutral (p=.01), and negative (p=.05) pictures.

Conclusion
Martial artists reporting concussive injuries appear to diverge from non-concussed teammates in their emotion regulation processes. This group difference could be explained by greater affect intensity and surgency for the concussed group and greater emotional control and leveling of positive affect for the control group. Altered affective report following concussion may be related to more general impairments in socio-emotional functioning. Additional research is necessary to better understand how those alterations evolve over time and in relation with subsequent concussive injuries.
Sequence tube maps: making graph genomes intuitive to commuters
Authors: Beyer Wolfgang , Novak Adam M , Hickey Glenn , Chan Jeffrey , Tan Vanessa , Paten Benedict , Zerbino Daniel R 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Motivation
Compared to traditional haploid reference genomes, graph genomes are an efficient and compact data structure for storing multiple genomic sequences, for storing polymorphisms or for mapping sequencing reads with greater sensitivity. Further, graphs are well-studied computer science objects that can be efficiently analyzed. However, their adoption in genomic research is slow, in part because of the cognitive difficulty in interpreting graphs.

Results
We present an intuitive graphical representation for graph genomes that re-uses well-honed techniques developed to display public transport networks, and demonstrate it as a web tool.

Availability and implementation
Code: https://github.com/vgteam/sequenceTubeMap.

Demonstration
https://vgteam.github.io/sequenceTubeMap/.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Inosine RNA modifications are enriched at the codon wobble position in mouse oocytes and eggs†
Authors: Brachova Pavla , Alvarez Nehemiah S , Hong Xiaoman , Gunewardena Sumedha , Vincent Kailey A , Latham Keith E , Christenson Lane K 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Mammalian oocytes and eggs are transcriptionally quiescent and depend on post-transcriptional mechanisms for proper maturation. Post-transcriptional mRNA modifications comprise an important regulatory mechanism that can alter protein and miRNA recognition sites, splicing, stability, secondary structure, and protein coding. We discovered that fully grown mouse germinal vesicle oocytes and metaphase II eggs display abundant inosine mRNA modifications compared to growing oocytes from postnatal day 12 oocytes. These inosines were enriched in mRNA protein coding regions (CDS) and specifically located at the third codon base, or wobble position. Inosines, observed at lower frequencies in CDS of somatic tissues, were similarly enriched at the codon wobble position. In oocytes and eggs, inosine modifications lead primarily to synonymous changes in mRNA transcripts. Inosines may ultimately affect maternal mRNA stability by changing codon usage, thereby altering translational efficiency and translationally coupled mRNA degradation. These important observations advance our understanding of post-transcriptional mechanisms contributing to mammalian oocyte maturation.
Breeding Centers, Private Ranches, and Genomics for Creating Sustainable Wildlife Populations
Authors: Wildt David , Miller Philip , Koepfli Klaus-Peter , Pukazhenthi Budhan , Palfrey Katy , Livingston Gavin , Beetem Dan , Shurter Stephen , Gregory Jimmy , Takács Michael , Snodgrass Kelley 
Published: July 2019

AbstractHuman-induced changes to environments are causing species declines. Beyond preserving habitat (in situ), insurance (ex situ) populations are essential to prevent species extinctions. The Conservation Centers for Species Survival (C2S2) is leveraging space of breeding centers and private ranches to produce “source populations”—genetically diverse reservoirs that also support research and reintroductions. The initial focus is on four African antelopes. C2S2 has developed a program, the Source Population Alliance, that emphasizes animals living in spacious, naturalistic conditions in greater numbers than can be accommodated by urban zoos. Simulation modeling demonstrates how herds can rapidly increase population abundance and retain genetic diversity. Advances in genomics and resulting DNA data allow monitoring of genetic diversity and parentage as well as refined decision-making. This approach, neither pure in situ nor ex situ, but rather “sorta situ”, is an innovative way of linking public and private sector resources to ensure that endangered species survive.
MYH9-related disease: it does exist, may be more frequent than you think and requires specific therapy
Authors: Fernandez-Prado Raul , Carriazo-Julio Sol Maria , Torra Roser , Ortiz Alberto , Perez-Gomez María Vanessa 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIn this issue of ckj, Tabibzadeh et al. report one of the largest series of patients with MYH9 mutations and kidney disease. The cardinal manifestation of MYH9-related disease is thrombocytopenia with giant platelets. The population frequency of pathogenic MYH9 mutations may be at least 1 in 20 000. The literature abounds in misdiagnosed cases treated for idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura with immune suppressants and even splenectomy. Additional manifestations include neurosensorial deafness and proteinuric and hematuric progressive kidney disease (at some point, it was called Alport syndrome with macrothrombocytopenia), leucocyte inclusions, cataracts and liver enzyme abnormalities, resulting in different names for different manifestation combinations (MATINS, May–Hegglin anomaly, Fechtner, Epstein and Sebastian syndromes, and deafness AD 17). The penetrance and severity of kidney disease are very variable, which may obscure the autosomal dominant inheritance. A correct diagnosis will both preclude unnecessary and potentially dangerous therapeutic interventions and allow genetic counselling and adequate treatment. Morphological erythrocyte, granulocyte and platelet abnormalities may allow the future development of high-throughput screening techniques adapted to clinical peripheral blood flow cytometers.
Endovascular treatment of acute type A aortic dissection in a nonagenarian: stabilization of a short covered stent using a bare-metal stent
Authors: Wamala Isaac , Heck Roland , Falk Volkmar , Buz Semih 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Endovascular treatment is a viable alternative therapy in high-risk patients with acute type A aortic dissection. However, the optimal endovascular treatment strategy is still evolving. Herein, we present a case of a 91-year-old man who successfully underwent repair of an ascending aortic dissection using a stent-in-stent technique. At 1-year follow-up, the stent demonstrated repair durability.
Determining the soil-bedrock interface and fracture-zone scope in the central urban area of the Jinan city, China, by using microtremor signals
Authors: Du Yanan , Xu Peifen , Ling Suqun , Tian Baoqing , You Zhiwei , Zhang Ruohan 
Published: July 2019

AbstractTo explore and utilize the urban underground space, it is important for us to accurately obtain information on the near surface structures. Microtremor signals play a vital role in that they carry abundant information about the subsurface structure and can be easily observed under disturbance of human activities in urban areas. We collected microtremor signals at 24 sites along a survey line in central Jinan city, obtained the dispersion curves by using the Extended Spatial Autocorrelation method and the resonance frequencies by using the horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratio method, and inverted the near surface structures by using the forking genetic algorithm. The lateral variation of the soil–rock interface was delineated at a maximum depth of 33 m and a large fracture zone was determined at a width of approximately 300 m. The frequency peaks changed from 2.5 to 7.3 Hz for the fracture and stable zones. A frequency-dependent model of the sediment thickness was obtained as $h = 101{f_r}^{ - 1.13}$, where h is the depth with a unit of m and fr is the resonance frequency. These results may be useful for understanding near surface structures and then benefit exploration of urban underground space.
Low-frequency noise suppression for desert seismic data based on a wide inference network
Authors: Li Yue , Yu Wei , Zhang Chao , Yang Baojun 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The importance of seismic exploration has been recognized by geophysicists. At present, low-frequency noise usually exists in seismic exploration, especially in desert seismic records. This low-frequency noise shares the same frequency band with effective signals. This leads to the limitation or failure of traditional methods. In order to overcome the shortcomings of traditional denoising methods, we propose a novel desert seismic data denoising method based on a Wide Inference Network (WIN). The WIN aims to minimize the error between the prediction and target by residual learning during training, and it can obtain a set of optimal parameters, such as weights and biases. In this article, we construct a high-quality training set for a desert seismic record and this ensures the effective training of a WIN. In this way, each layer of the trained WIN can automatically extract a set of time–space characteristics without manual adjustment. These characteristics are transmitted layer by layer. Finally, they are utilized to extract effective signals. To verify the effectiveness of the WIN, we apply it to synthetic and real desert seismic records, respectively. In addition, we compare WIN with f – x deconvolution, variational mode decomposition (VMD) and shearlet transform. The results show that WIN has the best denoising performance in suppressing low-frequency noise and preserving effective signals.
Life-History Parameters of Striacosta albicosta (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Under Laboratory Conditions
Authors: Montezano Débora G , Hunt Thomas E , Specht Alexandre , Luz Priscila M C , Peterson Julie A 
Published: July 2019

AbstractStriacosta albicosta (Smith) is a key pest of maize and dry beans in North America. It has expanded its distribution from the western Great Plains of the United States to the Great Lakes region in the United States and Canada. There has been limited research on the baseline biological aspects of this insect under controlled conditions. The objective of this study was to detail the biological parameters of S. albicosta feeding on an artificial diet under laboratory conditions. Overall survival from neonate to adult at 26.6 ± 1°C was 36.72% and the total developmental time was approximately 110 d. Survival of the egg, larval, prepupal, and pupal stages were 75.71, 98.50, 51.78, and 95.10%, respectively. Average duration of the egg, larval, prepupal, and pupal stages was 4.64, 28.20, 41.50, and 25.91 d, respectively. During the larval stage, 92.50% of larvae developed through seven instars and the remaining through six instars. Larvae that developed through six and seven instars exhibited a mean growth ratio of 1.60 and 1.47, respectively; however, there was no difference in pupal weight. Eggs laid by field-mated moths showed a fertility of 75.71%, compared with 4.18% from laboratory-reared moths. These data suggest that S. albicosta develop primarily through seven instars and the most vulnerable developmental stage is the prepupa. Laboratory conditions strongly affected fertility success. Information presented here greatly expands our understanding of S. albicosta biology, which can be used to improve the efficiency of laboratory bioassays and management techniques for this critical crop pest.
Large pulmonary sclerosing pneumocytoma with massive necrosis and vascular invasion: a case report
Authors: Sakai Takashi , Miyoshi Tomohiro , Umemura Shigeki , Suzuki Jun , Nakasone Shoko , Okada Satoshi , Tane Kenta , Aokage Keiju , Goto Koichi , Motoi Noriko , Ishii Genichiro , Tsuboi Masahiro 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Pulmonary sclerosing pneumocytoma (PSP) is pathologically classified as an adenoma and behaves in a benign manner. However, some cases of PSP displayed pathologically malignant behavior, such as lymph node metastasis and necrosis. A 64-year-old woman was referred to our hospital complaining of a cough and breathlessness. Histopathological analysis of the resected specimen by left pneumonectomy and lymph node dissection revealed a large PSP measuring 15 × 14 cm in size, with massive necrosis and vascular invasion. This case was the largest ever reported and suggested that clinico-histological presentation of PSP sometimes showed an aggressive phenotype like advanced lung cancer.
‘IVC contrast level: a sign of cardiovascular dysfunction’
Authors: Verma Mansi , Bhatia Vikas , Singh Lokesh , Debi Uma , Sandhu Manavjit 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Contrast blood level in intrahepatic inferior vena cava (IVC) on arterial contrast-enhanced CT images is referred to as IVC layering or IVC contrast level sign. This sign is important to recognize as it has dismal prognosis and requires immediate attention. The causes described in literature include cardiogenic shock, cardiac arrest and cardiac tamponade. We hereby present three cases depicting IVC contrast level sign.