bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Epidemiology and Risk Determinants of Drug‐Induced Liver Injury: Current Knowledge and Future Research Needs
Authors: Suzuki Ayako , MinjunChen  
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTAimsDrug‐induced liver injury (DILI) is a major global health concern resulting from adverse reactions to medications, supplements or herbal medicines. The relevance of DILI has grown with an aging population, the rising prevalence of chronic diseases and the increased use of biologics, including checkpoint inhibitors. This article aims to summarise current knowledge on DILI epidemiology and risk factors.MethodsThis review critically appraises available evidence on DILI frequency, outcomes and risk determinants, focusing on drug properties and non‐genetic host factors that may influence susceptibility.ResultsDILI incidence varies across populations, with hospitalised patients experiencing notably higher rates than outpatients or the general population. Increased medication use, particularly among older adults and women, may partly explain age‐ and sex‐based disparities in DILI incidence and reporting. Physiological changes associated with aging likely increase susceptibility to DILI in older adults, though further exposure‐based studies are needed for definitive conclusions. Current evidence does not strongly support that women are inherently more susceptible to DILI than men; rather, susceptibility appears to depend on specific drugs. However, once DILI occurs, older age and female sex are associated with greater severity and poorer outcomes. Other less‐studied host‐related risk factors are also discussed based on available evidence.ConclusionsThis article summarises existing data on DILI frequency, outcomes, drug properties affecting hepatotoxicity and non‐genetic host risk factors while identifying critical knowledge gaps. Addressing these gaps through future research could enhance understanding and support preventive measures.
Pediatric Topical Steroid Withdrawal Syndrome: What Is Known, What Is Unknown
Authors: Ahuja Kripa , Lio Peter 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTTopical steroid withdrawal syndrome (TSW) is a debated condition marked by burning erythema, severe itching, and dry skin following the discontinuation of topical corticosteroids (TCS). This study reviewed reported pediatric TSW cases. With a total of 21 cases reported (inconsistent data provided), 60% (6/10) used TCS on the face; 69% (9/13) were associated with an escalation in potency of TCS and 75% (3/4) were the erythematoedematous variant. Overall, data on TSW in children is lacking and standardized diagnostic criteria are needed.
Physiological and transcriptomic characterization of cold acclimation in endodormant grapevine under different temperature regimes
Authors: Wang Hongrui , Kovaleski Al P. , Londo Jason P. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIt is essential for the survival of grapevines in cool climate viticultural regions where vines properly acclimate in late fall and early winter and develop freezing tolerance. Climate change‐associated abnormities in temperature during the dormant season, including oscillations between prolonged warmth in late fall and extreme cold in midwinter, impact cold acclimation and threaten the sustainability of the grape and wine industry. We conducted two experiments in controlled environment to investigate the impacts of different temperature regimes on cold acclimation ability in endodormant grapevine buds through a combination of freezing tolerance‐based physiological and RNA‐seq‐based transcriptomic monitoring. Results show that exposure to a constant temperature, whether warm (22 and 11°C), moderate (7°C), or cool (4 and 2°C) was insufficient for triggering cold acclimation and increasing freezing tolerance in dormant buds. However, when the same buds were exposed to temperature cycling (7±5°C), acclimation occurred, and freezing tolerance was increased by 5°C. We characterized the transcriptomic response of endodormant buds to high and low temperatures and temperature cycling and identified new potential roles for the ethylene pathway, starch and sugar metabolism, phenylpropanoid regulation, and protein metabolism in the genetic control of endodormancy maintenance. Despite clear evidence of temperature‐responsive transcription in endodormant buds, our current understanding of the genetic control of cold acclimation remains a challenge when generalizing across grapevine tissues and phenological stages.
The capacity limitations of multiple‐template visual search during task preparation and target selection
Authors: Grubert Anna , Wang Ziyi , Williams Ella , Jimenez Mikel , Remington Roger , Eimer Martin 
Published: November 2024

AbstractVisual search is guided by mental representations of target‐defining features (attentional templates) that are activated in a preparatory fashion. It remains unknown how many templates can be maintained concurrently, and what kind of costs are associated with multiple‐template versus single‐template search. Here, we compared the operation of attentional templates during three‐color and single‐color search tasks. Preparatory template activation processes were tracked by measuring N2pc components to task‐irrelevant singleton color probes that appeared in rapid succession during the interval between search displays. These probes attract attention (as indexed by an N2pc) if the corresponding color template is active at the time when the probe appears. In a three‐color search task where target identity was fully predictable (Experiment 1), only probes that matched the upcoming target color triggered N2pcs, demonstrating that only a single target template was activated. When three possible color targets appeared randomly and unpredictably (Experiment 2), probes that matched any of these colors triggered N2pcs, demonstrating that all three templates were activated concurrently. However, relative to a single‐color search task, clear costs emerged in this three‐color task for attentional guidance toward search targets and for search performance. These costs appear to be linked to inhibitory interactions between simultaneously active search templates. These findings show that while at least three target templates can be maintained in parallel, multiple‐template search is still subject to capacity limitations which affect both template‐guided attentional guidance and the subsequent selective processing of search targets.
On the Double Moore–Gibson–Thompson System of Thermoviscoelasticity
Authors: Dell'Oro Filippo , Liverani Lorenzo , Pata Vittorino , Quintanilla Ramon 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTIn this paper, we address the system made by two coupled one‐dimensional Moore–Gibson–Thompson equations
arising in the description of thermoviscoelastic materials. Here, while . When both the MGT equations lie in the subcritical regime, that is,
we prove that the system generates an exponentially stable solution semigroup. This improves some recent results in the literature, where the exponential stability is attained only within either a stronger condition than subcriticality of both equations, or when and are sufficiently close. The key idea is to deduce the exponential stability from that of a related system, made by two coupled equations of the viscoelasticity type. The latter result has also an independent interest.
Understanding the influence of suicide bereavement on the cognitive availability of suicide: Qualitative interview study of UK adults
Authors: Jones Poppy , Quayle Katie E. , Kamboj Sunjeev K. , Di Simplicio Martina , Pitman Alexandra 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundPeople bereaved by suicide are at increased risk of suicide. Potential explanations include changes in the cognitive availability of suicide after suicide bereavement, but this has been under‐investigated. This study aimed to investigate how suicide bereavement influences thoughts about suicide, including methods considered.MethodWe interviewed 20 UK‐based adultswho reported having been preoccupied by the suicide of a close contact, analyzing qualitative data using reflexive thematic analysis.ResultsWe identified four main themes: divergent changes in views about suicide as an option; impact of the method used on consideration of own potential method of suicide (including an aversion to the same method); experience of suicidal ideation as a means of understanding the deceased's state of mind; and thoughts related to reunion with the deceased.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that the trauma of exposure to a close contact's suicide can modify the cognitive availability of suicide in divergent ways, including suicide being perceived as a more or less acceptable option, and a tension between the two. These insights assist clinicians in sensitive exploration of suicide bereavement and in risk mitigation. They suggest revisions to existing models of cognitive availability and the potential for psychological interventions that modify the cognitive availability of suicide.
A Scoping Review of Arthropod‐Borne Flavivirus Infections in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients
Authors: Im Seohyeon , Altuame Fadie , Gonzalez‐Bocco Isabel H. , Martins de Oliveira Filho Cilomar , Shipper Andrea Goldstein , Malinis Maricar , Foppiano Palacios Carlo 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTArthropod‐borne flaviviruses (ABFs), transmitted by mosquitoes or ticks, are increasing due to climate change and globalization. This scoping review examines the epidemiology, clinical characteristics, diagnostics, treatment, and outcomes of ABF infection in solid organ transplant recipients (SOTRs). A database search up to January 25, 2024, focused on ABFs such as West Nile virus (WNV), dengue virus (DENV), Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), Powassan virus (POWV), yellow fever virus (YFV), and Zika virus (ZIKV), limited to SOTRs.We identified 173 WNV cases from 84 studies, with 28 donor‐derived infections (DDIs). Common clinical features included fever (78.5%), altered mental status (65.1%), and weakness or paralysis (45.6%). Treatment involved reducing immunosuppression (IS) in 93 cases, with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG), interferon alfa‐2b, and ribavirin used in 75 cases. Seven cases involved graft loss or rejection post‐infection. WNV infection had a 23.7% mortality rate, with severe neurological complications in 43.9%For DENV infection, 386 cases from 47 studies were identified, including 14 DDI cases. Symptoms included fever (85%), myalgias (56.4%), and headache or retro‐orbital pain (34.6%). Severe dengue occurred in 50 cases (13.0%). IVIG was administered in six cases. Reduction in IS was reported in 116 patients. DENV mortality rate was 4.9%.Additionally, 26 cases of less common ABFs such as JEV, POWV, YFV, and ZIKV were described.In summary, ABF infections among SOTRs are associated with higher morbidity and mortality compared to the general population, emphasizing the need for improved preventive strategies, timely diagnosis, and optimized management protocols.
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Evaluation of cerebral autoregulation in dogs via transcranial color‐coded duplex sonography and transient hyperemia testing
Authors: Donati Pablo A. , Tarragona Lisa , Zaccagnini Andrea S. , Nigro Nestor M. , Díaz Alfredo J. , Fuensalida Santiago E. , Sández Cordero Ignacio , Espiñeira Ignacio M , Otero Pablo E 
Published: November 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the changes in flow velocities of the middle cerebral artery before and after a carotid compression maneuver using transcranial color‐coded duplex sonography (TCCD) in healthy anesthetized dogs under mechanical ventilation.DesignProspective study.SettingUniversity teaching hospital.AnimalsEleven healthy adult dogs.InterventionsA 5‐second carotid occlusion maneuver was performed to evaluate cerebral autoregulation (CA).Measurements and Main ResultsAfter 10 minutes of stable anesthesia, the middle cerebral artery was evaluated by TCCD. Dogs were positioned in sternal recumbency with the head raised to the level of the phlebostatic axis. The systolic peak velocity (Vp) was measured using pulsed Doppler mode. CA was evaluated through the transient hyperemia test (THT), which assesses changes in the Vp after a 5‐second transient compression of the ipsilateral common carotid artery and is expressed as the ratio between the Vp flow before and after carotid compression. The Vp before and after carotid occlusion was compared using the Wilcoxon signed‐rank test. The median Vp of the middle cerebral artery after the carotid compression maneuver was significantly higher than the median Vp before compression (median [interquartile range, IQR]: 47.7 cm/s [34.3] vs 64.1 cm/s [24.4]; P = 0.003). The median THT obtained was 1.20 (IQR: 0.37).ConclusionsThe current study demonstrated a significant increase in the Vp of the middle cerebral artery after a 5‐second temporary occlusion of the ipsilateral carotid artery in healthy anesthetized dogs under mechanical ventilation. These findings suggest that the noninvasive TCCD methodology could be valuable for assessing CA in dogs. Additional studies using this technique in neurocritical animals are required to confirm its usefulness.
Bicavitary septic effusion associated with staphylococcal cholecystitis in a dog
Authors: Mattavelli Clara , Simpson Matthew , Szladovits Balazs , de los Santos Laura , Meeson Richard , Tayler Sarah , Cole Laura 
Published: November 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo describe a case of concurrent septic pyothorax, peritonitis, and cholecystitis due to Staphylococcus pseudintermedius in a dog.Case SummaryA 10‐year‐old neutered male, medium‐sized, mixed‐breed dog presented with an acute abdomen. Initial investigations found the presence of a septic pyothorax, septic peritonitis, and bacterial cholecystitis. Exploratory celiotomy did not identify the source of infection, and no macroscopic communication between pleural and peritoneal space was detected. An abdominal Jackson‐Pratt drain and bilateral small‐bore thoracostomy tubes were placed for further management, with the dog receiving antimicrobial therapy and intensive supportive care. Subsequently, microbiological cultures confirmed scant growth of S. pseudintermedius in bile, pleural, and peritoneal fluid. The dog was discharged after 1 week of hospitalization. Antimicrobial therapy was discontinued 4 weeks after discharge due to an improvement of clinical signs and normalization of C‐reactive protein concentration. A diagnosis of hyperadrenocorticism was made 6 weeks after discharge, and appropriate therapy was initiated.New or Unique Information ProvidedSeptic peritonitis and septic pyothorax are both common life‐threatening conditions in veterinary medicine. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first report describing septic bicavitary effusion associated with a biliary staphylococcal infection in a dog. The exact mechanism by which the infection spread remains unclear, but hematogenous or lymphatic routes are considered the most probable. However, the presence of microscopic diaphragmatic defects and an anicteric gallbladder rupture cannot completely be excluded. The concurrent hyperadrenocorticism may have also contributed to an immunocompromised state, predisposing the dog to the development of infection.
Ultrasound radiomics in the assessment of breast cancer molecular subtypes: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zhou Jianan , Wu Jialing , Zhu Changfu , An Qi 
Published: November 2024

Aim: Accurate prediction of preoperative molecular subtypes of breast cancer is crucial for treatment planning and prognosis evaluation of patients. This systematic review aims to investigate the capacity of ultrasound radiomics in accurately identifying the molecular subtypes of breast cancer.Material and methods: We conducted a thorough search of PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases to identify relevant research up until May 2024. We pooled sensitivity, speciﬁcity, positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio, diagnostic odds ratio, and the area under the curve (AUC) to summarize the ability of ultrasound radiomics to predict Luminal type and triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) type in patient with breast cancer. Results: Our meta-analysis found that nine studies provided ultrasound radiomics predictions for TNBC. Pooled sensitivity, specificity, and AUC were 0.64, 0.89, and 0.86, respectively. Four studies have provided the ultrasound radiomics prediction of Luminal molecular subtype breast cancer. Pooled sensitivity, specificity, and AUC were 0.89, 0.79, and 0.90, respectively. There are two studies that predict Luminal A, Luminal B and Her 2+molecular subtype by ultrasound radiology, but they cannot be synthesized quantitatively because of the small number of studies.Conclusion: Ultrasound radiomics has a good diagnostic performance in predicting molecular subtypes in breast cancer.
The vector regulation hypothesis: dynamic competition between pathogen and vector behaviors constrains
Xylella fastidiosa
biofilm development in sharpshooter foreguts
Authors: Backus Elaine A. , Shugart Holly J. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

Xylella fastidiosa
(
Xf
) bacteria form biofilm on the cuticular surfaces of the functional foregut (precibarium and cibarium) of its vectors, xylem fluid-ingesting sharpshooter leafhoppers and spittlebugs. While much is known about
Xf
biofilm development and maturation
in vitro
, little is known about these processes in vectors. Real-time (RT)-PCR was used to quantify
Xf
genomes daily in the functional foreguts of blue-green sharpshooters,
Graphocephala atropunctata,
over 7 days of exposure to infected grapevines. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to examine
Xf
biofilm formation at 4 and 7 days of that time course. PCR showed populations building and reducing over a 4-day cycle. SEM revealed that foreguts at 4 days showed variability in quantity and location of bacterial attachment. Only early-stage biofilm formation occurred in low-turbulence areas of the cibarium, while high-turbulence areas of the cibarium and precibarium had rare but older, more developed macro-colonies. Biofilm was almost absent at 7 days but left behind adhesive material and remnants of prior colonization. Evidence supports the hypothesis that bacterial colonization was repeatedly interrupted and constrained by the vector. Behaviors such as egestion and enzymatic salivation likely can loosen and eject
Xf
biofilm, perhaps when profuse biofilm interferes with ingestion. Thus, vector acquisition of
Xf
is a dynamic and stochastic process of interactions between bacteria and insects. We further hypothesize for future testing that the insect can regulate this interaction. A deep understanding of
Xf
acquisition will aid the ongoing development of grapevine resistance to vector transmission of xylellae diseases.

IMPORTANCE

Xylella fastidiosa
(
Xf
) is one of the most destructive invasive plant pathogens in the world, able to hijack new vectors when it invades a region; yet the temporal interplay of bacterial colonization and insect behavior is unknown. This paper describes important findings about the process of
Xf
biofilm formation and maturation in a vector, contrasting similarities and differences with such formation
in vitro
. Results support the hypothesis that the behavior of the vector constrains and may regulate
Xf
biofilm formation, in dynamic competition with the bacterium. The data from this paper partly explain why
Xf
is so successful at invasion. Because the bacterium can be acquired and inoculated very quickly, it can move readily from old to new vectors and host plants in all-new environments. Our findings are relevant to biosecurity decisions because they demonstrate the importance of identifying potential vector species in the
Xylella
invasion front.
Assessing horizontal gene transfer in the rhizosphere of
Brachypodium distachyon
using fabricated ecosystems (EcoFABs)
Authors: Priya Shweta , Rossbach Silvia , Eng Thomas , Lin Hsiao-Han , Andeer Peter F. , Mortimer Jenny C. , Northen Trent R. , Mukhopadhyay Aindrila 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

Horizontal gene transfer (HGT) is a major process by which genes are transferred between microbes in the rhizosphere. However, examining HGT remains challenging due to the complexity of mimicking conditions within the rhizosphere. Fabricated ecosystems (EcoFABs) have been used to investigate several complex processes in plant-associated environments. Here we show that EcoFABs are efficient tools to examine and measure HGT frequency in the rhizosphere. We provide the first demonstration of gene transfer via a triparental conjugation system in the
Brachypodium distachyon
rhizosphere in an EcoFAB using
Pseudomonas putida
KT2440 as both donor and recipient bacterial strain with the donor containing a mobilizable and non-self-transmissible plasmid. We observed that the frequency of plasmid transfer in the rhizosphere is potentially dependent on the plant developmental stage and the composition and amount of root exudates. The frequency of plasmid transfer also increased with higher numbers of donor cells. We demonstrate the transfer of plasmid from
P. putida
to another
B. distachyon
root colonizer,
Burkholderia
sp. OAS925, showing HGT within a rhizosphere microbial community. Environmental stresses also influenced the rate and efficiency of HGT in the rhizosphere between different species and genera. This study provides a robust workflow to evaluate transfer of engineered plasmids in the rhizosphere when such plasmids are potentially introduced in a field or other plant-associated environments.

IMPORTANCE
We report the use of EcoFABs to investigate the HGT process in a rhizosphere environment. It highlights the potential of EcoFABs in recapitulating the dynamic rhizosphere conditions as well as their versatility in studying plant-microbe interactions. This study also emphasizes the importance of studying the parameters impacting the HGT frequency. Several factors such as plant developmental stages, nutrient conditions, number of donor cells, and environmental stresses influence gene transfer within the rhizosphere microbial community. This study paves the way for future investigations into understanding the fate and movement of engineered plasmids in a field environment.
Update on novel validly published and included bacterial taxa derived from human clinical specimens and taxonomic revisions published in 2023
Authors: Carella Arianna , Carroll Karen C. , Munson Erik 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

Taxonomy is a systematic practice in which microorganisms are granted names to facilitate and standardize multi-disciplinary communication. We summarize novel bacterial taxa derived from human clinical material that were published in peer-reviewed literature and/or included by the
International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology
during calendar year 2023, as well as taxonomic revisions that have been published/included by the same entity. While the majority of newly discovered facultative and anaerobic organisms were derived from microbiome surveillance, noteworthy novel taxa in the realm of pathogenicity potential include those related to
Aerococcus
spp., several
Corynebacterium
spp.,
Exercitatus varius
gen. nov., sp. nov., and
Mycoplasma phocimorsus
sp. nov. With respect to nomenclature revision, the
Bacillus
and
Clostridium
genera continue to be visited annually. Creation of novel anaerobic Gram-negative bacillus genera
Hallella
,
Hoylesella
,
Leyella
,
Segatella
, and
Xylanibacter
impacted several
Bacteroides
spp. and
Prevotella
spp. Additional studies are necessary to ascertain the clinical significance of several of these microbes.