bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and Bioactivities Evaluation of Novel Anthranilic Diamides Containing N‐(tert‐Butyl)benzohydrazide Moiety as Potent Ryanodine Receptor Activator
Authors: Zhou Yunyun , Wei Wei , Zhu Liangliang , Li Yuxin 
Published: April 2019

Summary of main observation and conclusionAnthranilic diamides have been proven to be a class of efficacious and safe insecticides targeting ryanodine receptors (RyRs) during the last decade. In order to develop innovative scaffolds with high insecticidal activity, two series of N‐pyridylpyrazole derivatives containing N‐(tert‐butyl)benzohydrazide substructures were designed and synthesized. Their insecticidal activities against oriental armyworm (Mythimna separata) and diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella) were evaluated. Preliminary bioassay results revealed that some of the new compounds exhibited good insecticidal activity against the oriental armyworm and diamondback moth. The mode of action of these compounds were verified using calcium‐imaging technique and the results showed that some new compounds could effectively modulate the insect cytosolic Ca2+ level, and break the cellular calcium homeostasis, indicating some of these compounds were potent activators of the RyRs.
Chiral Frustrated Lewis Pairs Catalyzed Highly Enantioselective Hydrosilylations of Ketones
Authors: Liu Xiaoqin , Wang Qiaotian , Han Caifang , Feng Xiangqing , Du Haifeng 
Published: April 2019

Summary of main observation and conclusionA highly enantioselective Piers‐type hydrosilylation of simple ketones was successfully realized using a chiral frustrated Lewis pair of tri‐tert‐butylphosphine and chiral diene‐derived borane as catalyst. A wide range of optically active secondary alcohols were furnished in 80%—99% yields with 81%—97% ee's under mild reaction conditions.
Quantitative Phase Imaging Flow Cytometry for Ultra‐Large‐Scale Single‐Cell Biophysical Phenotyping
Authors: Lee Kelvin C.M. , Wang Maolin , Cheah Kathryn S.E. , Chan Godfrey C.F. , So Hayden K.H. , Wong Kenneth K.Y. , Tsia Kevin K. 
Published: April 2019

ABSTRACTCellular biophysical properties are the effective label‐free phenotypes indicative of differences in cell types, states, and functions. However, current biophysical phenotyping methods largely lack the throughput and specificity required in the majority of cell‐based assays that involve large‐scale single‐cell characterization for inquiring the inherently complex heterogeneity in many biological systems. Further confounded by the lack of reported robust reproducibility and quality control, widespread adoption of single‐cell biophysical phenotyping in mainstream cytometry remains elusive. To address this challenge, here we present a label‐free imaging flow cytometer built upon a recently developed ultrafast quantitative phase imaging (QPI) technique, coined multi‐ATOM, that enables label‐free single‐cell QPI, from which a multitude of subcellularly resolvable biophysical phenotypes can be parametrized, at an experimentally recorded throughput of >10,000 cells/s—a capability that is otherwise inaccessible in current QPI. With the aim to translate multi‐ATOM into mainstream cytometry, we report robust system calibration and validation (from image acquisition to phenotyping reproducibility) and thus demonstrate its ability to establish high‐dimensional single‐cell biophysical phenotypic profiles at ultra‐large‐scale (>1,000,000 cells). Such a combination of throughput and content offers sufficiently high label‐free statistical power to classify multiple human leukemic cell types at high accuracy (~92–97%). This system could substantiate the significance of high‐throughput QPI flow cytometry in enabling next frontier in large‐scale image‐derived single‐cell analysis applied in biological discovery and cost‐effective clinical diagnostics. © 2019 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry
Regional Differences in the Contributions of TNF Reverse and Forward Signaling to the Establishment of Sympathetic Innervation
Authors: Erice Clara , Calhan O. Yipkin , Kisiswa Lilian , Wyatt Sean , Davies Alun M. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractMembers of the TNF and TNF receptor superfamilies acting by both forward and reverse signaling are increasingly recognized as major physiological regulators of axon growth and tissue innervation in development. Studies of the experimentally tractable superior cervical ganglion (SCG) neurons and their targets have shown that only TNF reverse signaling, not forward signaling, is a physiological regulator of sympathetic innervation. Here, we compared SCG neurons and their targets with prevertebral ganglion (PVG) neurons and their targets. Whereas all SCG targets were markedly hypoinnervated in both TNF‐deficient and TNFR1‐deficient mice, PVG targets were not hypoinnervated in these mice and one PVG target, the spleen, was significantly hyperinnervated. These in vivo regional differences in innervation density were related to in vitro differences in the responses of SCG and PVG neurons to TNF reverse and forward signaling. Though TNF reverse signaling enhanced SCG axon growth, it did not affect PVG axon growth. Whereas activation of TNF forward signaling in PVG axons inhibited growth, TNF forward signaling could not be activated in SCG axons. These latter differences in the response of SCG and PVG axons to TNF forward signaling were related to TNFR1 expression, whereas PVG axons expressed TNFR1, SCG axons did not. These results show that both TNF reverse and forward signaling are physiological regulators of sympathetic innervation in different tissues.
An examination of introgression and incomplete lineage sorting among three closely related species of chocolate‐dipped damselfish (genus: Chromis)
Authors: He Song , Robitzch Vanessa , Hobbs Jean‐Paul A. , Travers Michael J. , Lozano‐Cortés Diego , Berumen Michael L. , DiBattista Joseph D. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractAimTo determine the impact of ecological and environmental histories on the evolution of coral reef damselfishes at two adjacent marine biogeographic suture zones.LocationIndo‐West Pacific, notably including two suture zones: Socotra and Christmas and Cocos/Keeling Islands.TaxonChromis dimidiata, Chromis margaritifer, and Chromis fieldi.MethodsWe utilized a combination of nuclear and mitochondrial genetic markers in addition to visual abundance survey data of these fishes.ResultsDespite genetic patterns consistent with incomplete lineage sorting and relatively low genetic differentiation among the three studied Chromis species, there is evidence of hybridization between C. margaritifer and C. fieldi at Christmas Island based on molecular and visual identification. Introgression appears to be spreading westwards to other C. fieldi populations based on COI haplotype comparison. Moreover, the genetic distance between C. margaritifer and C. fieldi suggests that Pleistocene sea‐level fluctuations may have contributed to allopatric divergence and secondary contact between these two closely related species.Main conclusionsOur study highlights that evolutionary processes in coral reef fishes operate differently between suture zones, possibly due to different ecological and environmental predispositions regulating secondary contact of sister species. While secondary contact likely led to hybridization and introgression at Christmas and Cocos/Keeling Islands, none of those processes seem present at Socotra for the chocolate‐dipped damselfish. This difference is likely due to an environmental barrier caused by hydrodynamic regimes in the Gulf of Aden.
Splinting for the carpometacarpal joint relieves experimental basal thumb pain and loss of pinch strength
Authors: Ooishi Dai , Izumi Masashi , Ueba Hiroaki , Ikeuchi Masahiko 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBackgroundSplinting is a quite common intervention for the first carpometacarpal (CMC) osteoarthritis, however, underlying mechanisms of biomechanical and analgesic effects has not been fully investigated. The aim of this study was to develop an experimental basal thumb pain model and to elucidate the effects of CMC splinting on the pain profile and motor function.MethodsIn 14 healthy subjects, experimental basal thumb pain was induced by hypertonic saline injection into the dorsal radial ligament located on base of the first metacarpal bone. Isotonic saline was injected contralaterally as a control. Two experimental sessions with or without CMC splinting were conducted. Before, during and after injections, tip pinch strength was measured and surface electromyography of the abductor pollicis brevis (APB), first dorsal interosseous (FDI) and extensor pollicis longus (EPL) during tip pinch were evaluated in each session.ResultsHypertonic saline induced significantly greater pain compared with baseline and isotonic saline (p < 0.01). Following hypertonic saline injection, the tip pinch strength decreased compared with baseline, concomitant with reduction of electromyographical activity of APB and FDI, but not of EPL (p < 0.05). The CMC splinting significantly improved the experimental pain, loss of pinch strength and inhibited intrinsic muscle activity compared with bare hand (p < 0.05).ConclusionsA novel experimental model mimicking the first CMC joint pain was developed. The CMC splinting relieved the basal thumb pain and augmented pinch strength as well as intrinsic muscle activity. This study provides new insights into the pain relief and pinch strength improvement by splinting for painful CMC joint disorders.SignificanceNewly developed experimental basal thumb pain model decreased tip pinch strength approximately 50%, concomitant with the reduction of intrinsic muscle activities. Splinting for the first carpometacarpal joint significantly improved experimental pain, loss of pinch strength and inhibited intrinsic muscle activity compared with bare hand.
The staining efficiency of cyanine dyes for single‐stranded DNA is enormously dependent on nucleotide composition
Authors: Han Xutiange , Wang Erchi , Cui Yixiao , Lin Yikai , Chen Hui , An Ran , Liang Xingguo , Komiyama Makoto 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe staining of nucleic acids with fluorescent dyes is one of the most fundamental technologies in relevant areas of science. For reliable and quantitative analysis, the staining efficiency of the dyes should not be very dependent on the sequences of the specimens. However, this assumption has not necessarily been confirmed by experimental results, especially in the staining of ssDNA (and RNA). In this study, we found that both SYBR Green II and SYBR Gold did not stain either homopyrimidines or ssDNA composed of only adenine (A) and cytosine (C). However, these two dyes emit strong fluorescence when the ssDNA contains both guanine (G) and C (and/or both A and thymine (T)) and form potential Watson‐Crick base pairs. Interestingly, SYBR Gold, but not SYBR Green II, strongly stains ssDNA consisting of G and A (or G and T). Additionally, we found that the secondary structure of ssDNA may play an important role in DNA staining. To obtain reliable results for practical applications, sufficient care must be paid to the composition and sequence of ssDNA.
Power allocation for multisource, multidestination cooperative vehicular networks under an outage probability constraint
Authors: Zhou Di , Qiu Bin , Chen Yuanfang , Xiao Hailin , Alam Muhammad 
Published: April 2019

AbstractIn multisource, multidestination vehicular networks, vehicles equipped with wireless communication devices are capable of sharing data with each other as well as relaying data using roadside infrastructures. Therefore, low‐power wireless communications play a critical role in improving the performance of transportation systems. To substantially reduce the power consumption of the transportation systems, a new power allocation strategy operating with an amplify‐and‐forward and hybrid decode‐amplify‐forward (AF‐HDAF) protocol is proposed and analyzed. The cooperative manners of the employed relay nodes in the AF‐HDAF strategy are manipulated, relying on the smartly designed forward strategies of the cooperative nodes. Furthermore, based on an outage probability constraint, the optimal power allocation that minimizes the sum power consumption is investigated. Numerical results confirm the validity of the proposed theoretical analysis, showing that the performance of the proposed power allocation scheme can be substantially improved by implementing the proposed AF‐HDAF protocol.
Toward neuroimaging‐based network biomarkers for transient ischemic attack
Authors: Lv Yating , Han Xiujie , Song Yulin , Han Yu , Zhou Chengshu , Zhou Dan , Zhang Fuding , Xue Qiming , Liu Jinling , Zhao Lijuan , Zhang Cairong , Li Lingyu , Wang Jinhui 
Published: April 2019

AbstractStroke is associated with topological disruptions of large‐scale functional brain networks. However, whether these disruptions occur in transient ischemic attack (TIA), an important risk factor for stroke, remains largely unknown. Combining multimodal MRI techniques, we systematically examined TIA‐related topological alterations of functional brain networks, and tested their reproducibility, structural, and metabolic substrates, associations with clinical risk factors and abilities as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. We found that functional networks in patients with TIA exhibited decreased whole‐brain network efficiency, reduced nodal centralities in the bilateral insula and basal ganglia, and impaired connectivity of inter‐hemispheric communication. These alterations remained largely unchanged when using different brain parcellation schemes or correcting for micro head motion or for regional gray matter volume, cerebral blood flow or hemodynamic lag of BOLD signals in the patients. Moreover, some alterations correlated with the levels of high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (an index related to ischemic attacks via modulation of atherosclerosis) in the patients, distinguished the patients from healthy individuals, and predicted future ischemic attacks in the patients. Collectively, these findings highlight the emergence of characteristic network dysfunctions in TIA, which may aid in elucidating pathological mechanisms and establishing diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for the disease.
p300 Acetyltransferase Is a Cytoplasm‐to‐Nucleus Shuttle for SMAD2/3 and TAZ Nuclear Transport in Transforming Growth Factor β–Stimulated Hepatic Stellate Cells
Authors: Wang Yuanguo , Tu Kangsheng , Liu Donglian , Guo Luyang , Chen Yunru , Li Qing , Maiers Jessica L. , Liu Zhikui , Shah Vijay H. , Dou Changwei , Tschumperlin Daniel , Voneschen Luke , Yang Rendong , Kang Ningling 
Published: April 2019

Nuclear translocation of mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 2/3 (SMAD2/3), core transcription factors of transforming growth factor β (TGF‐β) signaling, is critical for hepatic stellate cell (HSC) differentiation into metastasis‐promoting myofibroblasts. SMAD2/3 have multiple coactivators, including WW domain‐containing transcription regulator protein 1 (WWTR1 or TAZ) and p300 acetyltransferase. In the nucleus, TAZ binds to SMAD2/3 to prevent SMAD2/3 nuclear export. However, how TAZ and SMAD2/3 enter the nucleus remains poorly understood because neither contains a nuclear localization signal (NLS), an amino acid sequence tagging proteins for nuclear transport. p300 is an NLS‐containing large scaffold protein, so we hypothesized that SMAD2/3 and TAZ may undergo nuclear import through complexing with p300. Coimmunoprecipitation, immunofluorescence, and nuclear fractionation assays revealed that TGF‐β1 promoted binding of SMAD2/3 and TAZ to p300 and that p300 inactivation disrupted TGF‐β1‐mediated SMAD2/3 and TAZ nuclear accumulation. Deleting the p300 NLS blocked TGF‐β1‐induced SMAD2/3 and TAZ nuclear transport. Consistently, p300 inactivation suppressed TGF‐β1‐mediated HSC activation and transcription of genes encoding tumor‐promoting factors, such as connective tissue growth factor, Tenascin C, Periostin, platelet‐derived growth factor C, and fibroblast growth factor 2, as revealed by microarray analysis. Chromatin immunoprecipitation‐real‐time quantitative PCR showed that canonical p300‐mediated acetylation of histones also facilitated transcription in response to TGF‐β1 stimulation. Interestingly, although both TGF‐β1‐mediated and stiffness‐mediated HSC activation require p300, comparison of gene expression data sets revealed that transcriptional targets of TGF‐β1 were distinct from those of stiffness‐p300 mechanosignaling. Lastly, in tumor/HSC coinjection and intrasplenic tumor injection models, targeting p300 of activated‐HSC/myofibroblasts by C646, short hairpin RNA, or cre‐mediated gene disruption reduced tumor and liver metastatic growth in mice. Conclusion: p300 facilitates TGF‐β1‐stimulated HSC activation by both noncanonical (cytoplasm‐to‐nucleus shuttle for SMAD2/3 and TAZ) and canonical (histone acetylation) mechanisms. p300 is an attractive target for inhibiting HSC activation and the prometastatic liver microenvironment.
Correlation of fetal blood vessel Doppler measurements with fetal anemia among Rhesus isoimmunized pregnancies after two intrauterine transfusions
Authors: Kumari Sarita , Deka Dipika , Dadhwal Vatsla , Perumal Vanamail 
Published: April 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the correlation between fetal blood vessel Doppler measurements and fetal anemia among Rhesus isoimmunized pregnancies after two intrauterine transfusions as a potential guide to therapy.MethodsA prospective observational study was conducted among 30 women who attended a single hospital in India between April 2, 2015 and October 30, 2016. The participants underwent a third intrauterine transfusion based on a middle cerebral artery (MCA) peak systolic velocity (PSV) of greater than 1.50 multiples of the median (MoM). Cordocentesis was performed before the third intrauterine transfusion and hematocrit values correlated with the blood vessel Doppler measurements.ResultsThe MCA PSV MoM and fetal hematocrit MoM had a correlation coefficient of −0.43 (95% confidence interval −0.68 to 0.08; P=0.017). The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were 68%, 57%, 83%, and 33%, respectively. The descending aorta PSV δ and fetal hematocrit δ had a correlation coefficient of −0.54 (95% confidence interval −0.75 to −0.23; P=0.001). An area under the curve of 0.80 (standard error 0.085; P=0.017) had 87% sensitivity and 57% specificity for diagnosing fetal anemia.ConclusionThe descending aorta PSV could offer a useful diagnostic adjunct to MCA PSV after two intrauterine transfusions.
Changes in fetal membrane histology with cervical insufficiency and transabdominal cerclage
Authors: Steenhaut Patricia , Depoix Christophe , Hubinont Corinne , Debiève Frédéric 
Published: April 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo determine whether term fetal membranes from transabdominal cerclage (TAC) patients have favorable characteristics compared with membranes from patients without TAC.MethodsA prospective study of consecutive pregnant women who had undergone TAC and were delivered by elective cesarean after 37 weeks before the onset of labor at Cliniques universitaires Saint‐Luc, Brussels, between January 2015 and June 2016. Membranes were collected from two areas: overlying the cervix and located far from the cervix. Membrane thickness, 15‐hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (PGDH), toll‐like receptor‐2 (TLR2) expression, and senescence were measured and compared between the TAC group and a control group without TAC enrolled using the same study criteria.ResultsIn the cervical area of the TAC group, the chorion was significantly thicker (P=0.003). PGDH and TLR2 expression were also significantly increased in the cervical area of the TAC group (P=0.021 and P=0.043, respectively). Senescence was significantly decreased in the TAC group (P=0.001).ConclusionA significant relationship between chorion thickening and increase in PGDH and TLR2 expression and decrease in senescence was reported in the cervical area of membranes in the TAC group. These membrane changes could prevent triggering of parturition and may account for favorable outcomes and clinical success in pregnancies with TAC.
Toward the development of a short multi‐country person‐centered maternity care scale
Authors: Afulani Patience A. , Feeser Karla , Sudhinaraset May , Aborigo Raymond , Montagu Dominic , Chakraborty Nirali 
Published: April 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo develop a shortened, valid and reliable scale applicable across multiple settings for routine monitoring of person‐centered maternity care (PCMC).MethodsExploratory analysis was used to generate parsimonious versions of a 30‐item PCMC scale in four datasets from cross‐sectional surveys conducted between August 2016 and October 2017, involving women aged 15–49 years in Kenya, Ghana and India who had recently given birth. Analysis was informed by expert opinion via a separate online survey of global maternal and child health experts. Items retained in each dataset were compared, and those unique to a single setting removed. The remaining items were pooled and assessed for construct and criterion validity and reliability in each setting.ResultsThirteen items were retained for a potential multi‐setting short PCMC scale, incorporating the domains of dignity and respect, communication and autonomy, and supportive care. Cronbach's alpha for the scale was >0.7 in each setting. Scores on the 13‐item scale were correlated with the 30‐item scale scores, and with global measures of care satisfaction in Kenya and India.ConclusionAnalysis yielded a 47% shorter PCMC scale, that showed promise for routine assessment of women's experience of care during childbirth across multiple settings. However, further validation is needed.
The role of inflammation, oxidative stress, angiogenesis, and apoptosis in the pathophysiology of endometriosis: Basic science and new insights based on gene expression
Authors: Samimi Mansooreh , Pourhanifeh Mohammad Hossein , Mehdizadehkashi Abolfazl , Eftekhar Tahereh , Asemi Zatollah 
Published: April 2019

AbstractEndometriosis is a frequent and chronic illness in young women which could be defined by the existence of endometrial stroma and glands outside of the normal site of the lining of the uterus. It has painful symptoms. The advanced stage of endometriosis may lead to gynecological malignancies, such as ovarian cancer, and other complications, including infertility. However, its exact physiopathology is not well known. Recent studies have shown the possible roles of inflammation along with oxidative stress. Additionally, angiogenesis and apoptosis dysregulation contribute to endometriosis pathophysiology. Therapeutic strategies and continuing attempts, to conquer endometriosis should be done regarding molecular signaling pathways. Thus, the present review summarizes current studies and focuses on molecular mechanisms.