bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Safety and Efficacy of Cyclosporine in Psoriatic Arthritis
Authors: Alessa Dana , Levin Adriane A. , Gottlieb Alice B. 
Published: April 2018

Objectives The purpose of this study was to review evidence for the efficacy and safety of cyclosporine therapy in patients with psoriatic arthritis. Methods We performed a systematic literature review of available evidence using the electronic database PubMed. Results The available evidence suggests that cyclosporine may be an effective third-line treatment for psoriatic arthritis. However, its well-established side effect profile limits long-term use. Conclusion Cyclosporine may be an effective treatment option for psoriatic arthritis, but large randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trials with adequate sample sizes are needed to assess its impact on symptomatic control, inhibition of radiological disease progression, prevention of disability, and improvement of quality of life.
Review of Curcumin, Indigo Naturalis, and Aloe Vera in Psoriasis Treatment
Authors: Chaudhari Soham , Leon Argentina , Thakur Amrit , Koo John 
Published: April 2018

Background Psoriasis is an inflammatory skin condition characterized by hyperproliferating keratinocytes, aberrant epidermal differentiation, and infiltrating inflammatory cells. Traditional herbal medicine has been used extensively to treat psoriasis with promising clinical results. Due to the vast number of herbal preparations used all over the world, we have focused on curcumin, indigo naturalis (IN), and aloe vera (AV) because they are the most commonly reported herbal therapeutics. Objective This review illustrates the beneficial effects of multiple herbal medications as a therapeutic alternative in the treatment of psoriasis. Methods A thorough literature search of the PubMed database was conducted to identify psoriasis studies utilizing these three herbs as therapeutics. Results Curcumin has been demonstrated to be a TNFα blocker. IN has been effective in treating plaque and nail psoriasis. AV-treated psoriasis also has shown clinical improvement. Conclusion Further studies are needed to back up these claims before these formulations can be accepted into the current treatment regimens.
Efficacy of the hypoxia‐activated prodrug evofosfamide (TH‐302) in nasopharyngeal carcinoma in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Huang Yan , Tian Ying , Zhao Yuanyuan , Xue Cong , Zhan Jianhua , Liu Lin , He Xiaobo , Zhang Li 
Published: May 2018

AbstractBackgroundTumor hypoxia is considered an important factor in metastasis and disease relapse. Evofosfamide is a hypoxia‐activated prodrug that selectively targets the hypoxic regions of solid tumors. As hypoxia‐inducible factor‐1α (HIF‐1α) is overexpressed in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) tissues, we performed the present study to evaluate the efficacy profile of evofosfamide in NPC.MethodsWe evaluated the efficacy of evofosfamide as a single agent or combined with cisplatin (DDP) in the NPC cell lines CNE‐2, HONE‐1 and HNE‐1, and in nude mouse xenograft tumor models.ResultsEvofosfamide exhibited hypoxia‐selective cytotoxicity in NPC cell lines, with 50% inhibition concentration (IC50) values of 8.33 ± 0.75, 7.62 ± 0.67, and 0.31 ± 0.07 μmol/L under hypoxia in CNE‐2, HONE‐1 and HNE‐1 cells, respectively. The sensitization ranged from ninefold to greater than 300‐fold under hypoxia compared with normoxia controls. The combination of evofosfamide with DDP had a synergistic effect on cytotoxicity in the NPC cell lines by combination index values assessment. Cell cycle G2 phase was arrested after treated with 0.05 μmol/L evofosfamide under hypoxia. Histone H2AX phosphorylation (γH2AX) (a marker of DNA damage) expression increased while HIF‐1α expression suppressed after evofosfamide treatment under hypoxic conditions. In the HNE‐1 NPC xenograft models, evofosfamide exhibited antitumor activity both as a single agent and combined with DDP. Hypoxic regions in xenograft tissue were reduced after both evofosfamide monotherapy and combined therapy with DDP.ConclusionsOur results present preclinical evidence for targeting the selective hypoxic portion of NPC by evofosfamide as a single agent and combined with DDP and provide rationale for the potential clinical application of evofosfamide for the treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
Financial Impact of Complex Cancer Surgery in India: A Study of Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Basavaiah Guruchanna , Rent Priyanka D. , Rent Eugene G. , Sullivan Richard , Towne Margaret , Bak Marieke , Sirohi Bhawna , Goel Mahesh , Shrikhande Shailesh V. 
Published: May 2018

Purpose The rapidly increasing burden of cancer in India has profound impacts on health care costs for patients and their families. High out-of-pocket (OOP) expenditure, lack of insurance, and low government expenditure create a vicious cycle, leading to household impoverishment. Complex cancer surgery is now increasingly important for emerging countries; however, little is understood about the macro- and microeconomics of these procedures. After the Lancet Oncology Commission on Global Cancer Surgery, we evaluated the OOP expenditure for patients undergoing pancreatico-duodenectomy (PD) at a government tertiary cancer center in India. Methods Prospective data from 98 patients who underwent PD between January 2014 and June 2015 were collected and analyzed. The time frame for consideration of expenses, including all preoperative investigations, was from the first hospital visit to the day of discharge. Catastrophic expenditure was calculated by assessing the percentage of households in which OOP health payments exceeded 10% of the total household income. Results The mean expenditure for PD by patients was Rs.295,679.57 (US$74,420, purchasing power parity corrected). This amount was significantly higher among those admitted to a private ward and those with complications. Only 29.6% of the patients had insurance coverage. A total of 76.5% of the sample incurred catastrophic expenditure, and 38% of those with insurance underwent financial catastrophe compared with 93% of those without insurance. The percentage of patients facing catastrophic impact was highest among those in semiprivate wards, at 86.7%, followed by those in public and private wards. Conclusion The cost of PD is high and is often unaffordable for a majority of India’s population. A review of insurance coverage policies for better coverage must be considered.
Proliferation-independent role of NF2 (merlin) in limiting biliary morphogenesis
Authors: Benhamouche-Trouillet Samira , O'Loughlin Evan , Liu Ching-Hui , Polacheck William , Fitamant Julien , McKee Mary , El-Bardeesy Nabeel , Chen Christopher S. , McClatchey Andrea I. 
Published: April 2018

ABSTRACTThe architecture of individual cells and cell collectives enables functional specification, a prominent example being the formation of epithelial tubes that transport fluid or gas in many organs. The intrahepatic bile ducts (IHBDs) form a tubular network within the liver parenchyma that transports bile to the intestine. Aberrant biliary ‘neoductulogenesis’ is also a feature of several liver pathologies including tumorigenesis. However, the mechanism of biliary tube morphogenesis in development or disease is not known. Elimination of the neurofibromatosis type 2 protein (NF2; also known as merlin or neurofibromin 2) causes hepatomegaly due to massive biliary neoductulogenesis in the mouse liver. We show that this phenotype reflects unlimited biliary morphogenesis rather than proliferative expansion. Our studies suggest that NF2 normally limits biliary morphogenesis by coordinating lumen expansion and cell architecture. This work provides fundamental insight into how biliary fate and tubulogenesis are coordinated during development and will guide analyses of disease-associated and experimentally induced biliary pathologies.
Globalização, Regionalização, Reforma do Estado e da Constituição
Authors: Moreira Neto Diogo de Figueiredo 
Published: May 2018

1. Globalização - 2. Regionalização - 3. Reforma do Estado - 4. A legislação - 5. A administração - 6. A jurisdição - 7. Reforma da Constituição - 8. Conclusões.
Respeito aos precedentes judiciais iterativos pela Administração Pública
Authors: Freitas Juares 
Published: May 2018

1. Introdução. 2. Da conveniência de a Administração Pública acatar as decisões judiciais iterativas e pacificadas. 3. Dos limites hermenêuticos aos "precedentes vinculantes" em relação ao próprio Poder Judiciário: a necessária preservação do controle difuso. 4. Conclusões.
Função administrativa, estabilidade e princípio da neutralidade: alguns apontamentos sobre a reforma administrativa
Authors: Soares Fabiana de Menezes 
Published: May 2018

1. Natureza Jurídica da Função Pública. Princípios Informadores. Conseqüências sobre a atuação do agente público, o regime Jurídico da função pública. 2. Princípio da Neutralidade. Administração Eficiente e Estado de Direito. Notas de Direito Comparado 3. A boa execução da função pública. O princípio da profissionalização. A Reforma Administrativa em face da Estabilidade Relativa. O Apeifeiçoamento e a formação do Funcionário Público. Bibliografia.
Reforma Constitucional e direito adquirido
Authors: Silva José Afonso da 
Published: May 2018

I. Introdução à lei no tempo. I - ESTABILIDADE DOS DIREITOS SUBJETIVOS: 2. Segurança das relações jurídicas e lei no tempo. 3. Direito adquirido. 4. Ato jurídico perfeito e direito adquirido. 5. Coisa julgada. II- NORMA CONSTITUCIONAL E DIREITO ADQUIRIDO. 6. Questão de ordem. 7. Poder constituinte originário e direito adquirido. 8. Poder de reforma e direito adquirido. 9. Norma de garantia e direito garantido. 10. Conclusão.
Contrato administrativo - Subcontratação - Cessão
Authors: Macedo José Antônio Barreto de 
Published: May 2018

- A subcontratação não produz relação direta entre a Administração e o subcontratado. Na cessão total ou parcial do contrato o cessionário assume a situação de contratante, investindo-se no status contratual em substituição ao cedente.
Professor - Ascensão - Concurso público
Authors: Batista Wagner Natal 
Published: May 2018

- Professor. Estado de Santa Catarina. Acesso mediante comprovação de nova habilitação profissional. Estatuto do magistério público: Lei estadual n. 6.844/86. Incompatibilidade com o art. 37, II. da Constituição Federal. - O sistema constitucional. ressalvados os cargos em comissão, exige o concurso público de provas ou de provas e títulos para a investidura em cargo ou emprego público.- A ascensão, que constitui forma de ingresso em carreira diversa daquela para a qual o servidor ingressou no serviço público. foi banida das formas de investidura admitidas pela Constituição. Jurisprudência do Supremo Tribunal Federal.- Ao permitir o ingresso por acesso de professores ocupantes de carreira inferior para outra mais elevada, sem prévio concurso público, a lei catarinense mostra-se incompatível com o art. 37, II, da Carta Federal".- Recurso extraordinário conhecido e provido.
Cargo público - Concurso - Ascensão
Authors: Batista Wagner Natal 
Published: May 2018

- Provimento de cargo público. Ascensão. 1 - Não é suscetível de provimento por ascensão o cargo que for objeto de provimento por concurso público. 3 - Concurso de acesso que no sistema da lei catarinense configura ascensão funcional. 4 - Conceito de carreira. Acesso de classe a classe dentro da mesma categoria funcional. 5 - Se para prover cargo inicial de uma categoria funcional prevê-se concurso público, essa categoria funcional não pode vir a ter seus cargos preenchidos, mediante ascensão funcional, com concurso de acesso, desde a última classe de outra categoria funcional inferior. 6 - Recurso extraordinário conhecido e provido.
Cardiac Troponins in Low‐Risk Pulmonary Embolism Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Darwish Omar S. , Mahayni Abdullah , Patel Mukti , Amin Alpesh 
Published: April 2018

BACKGROUNDPatients with low‐risk pulmonary embolism (PE) should be considered as per current scoring systems for ambulatory treatment. However, there is uncertainty whether patients with low scores and positive troponins should require hospitalization.METHODSWe searched MEDLINE, SCOPUS, and Cochrane Library databases from inception to December 2016 and collected longitudinal studies that evaluated the prognostic value of troponins in patients with low‐risk PE. The primary outcome measure was 30‐day all‐cause mortality. We calculated odds ratio (OR), likelihood ratios (LRs), and 95% confidence intervals (CI) by using random‐effects models.RESULTSThe literature search identified 117 candidate articles, of which 16 met the criteria for review. Based on pulmonary embolism severity index (PESI) or simplified PESI score, 1.2% was the all‐cause mortality rate across 2,662 participants identified as low‐risk. A positive troponin status in patients with low‐risk PE was associated with an increased risk of 30‐day all‐cause mortality (odds ratio [OR]: 4.79; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.11 to 20.68). The pooled likelihood ratios (LRs) for all‐cause mortality were positive LR 2.04 (95% CI, 1.53 to 2.72) and negative LR 0.072 (95% CI, 0.37 to 1.40).CONCLUSIONThe use of positive troponin status as a predictor of increased mortality in low‐risk PE patients exhibited relatively poor performance given the crossed negative LR CI (1.0) and modest positive LR. Larger prospective trials must be conducted to elucidate if patients with low‐risk PE and positive troponin status can avoid hospitalization. Journal of Hospital Medicine 2018;13:706‐712. Published online first April 25, 2018. © 2018 Society of Hospital Medicine
Taking Trade-offs Seriously: Examining the Contextually Contingent Relationship Between Social Outreach Intensity and Financial Sustainability in Global Microfinance
Authors: Wry Tyler , Zhao Eric Yanfei 
Published: April 2018

A key insight from research on hybrid organizing is that the joint pursuit of competing goals exposes an enterprise to potentially problematic tensions and trade-offs. Yet while studies have examined the former, the actual trade-offs that these organizations face—and how these might vary among enterprises and contexts—has been largely overlooked. Focusing on social enterprise, we address these gaps by (1) developing a framework that can be used to predict the compatibility of social outreach and financial sustainability for different types of enterprises and (2) arguing that the acuteness of trade-offs will vary based on the cultural roots of the issue an enterprise addresses, the market conditions where it operates, and the quality of its management. We test our arguments by studying 2,037 microfinance organizations in 115 nations between 1995 and 2013. Results support our predictions. Social–financial trade-offs are amplified when a social issue is intertwined with deep-seated cultural problems, such as discrimination, and when an enterprise operates in a weak institutional environment. Intensive social outreach becomes sustainable, however, when cultural barriers to outreach are low, market-supporting institutions are strong, and an enterprise is professionally managed. Our study thus shows that social–financial trade-offs are contingent and that the promise of sustainable social outreach varies widely across contexts. The e-companion is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.2017.1188 .
Spectres of domesticity: Carly Holmes’s ‘Piece by Piece’ and Tessa Hadley’s ‘Bad Dreams’
Authors: Mieszkowski Sylvia 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
This article offers interpretations of two contemporary gothic short stories, which position themselves in the literary tradition of the domestic uncanny. Both Carly Holmes’s ‘Piece by Piece’ and Tessa Hadley’s ‘Bad Dreams’ install repetition (doubling, seriality, narrative double loop) as a structural device and link it to the motif of work, to create spectres that haunt their respective domestic spaces. Whilst the former piece of short fiction does so by activating some of the classical topoi of the haunted house tale, with a twist, the latter showcases healing as well as destructive effects that work produces, both in its performance and its undoing. Using Freud’s definition of the uncanny as their backdrop, the readings of both stories draw on some of Jacques Derrida’s theorizations in Spectres of Marx and the interview ‘Spectographies’: of the spectre as a figuration of deconstructive in-between-ness; on the spectre’s visor effect of being in the gaze of that which itself cannot be seen and of work as a trace. As its main thesis, this piece proposes that work, in Holmes’s ‘Piece by Piece’ and Hadley’s ‘Bad Dreams’, is not only a spectral activity in itself but also creates haunting presences-in-absence.
Ghost texts in Alice Munro’s stories
Authors: Bigot Corinne 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
This article aims to apply the concepts of ‘ghost scenarios’ and ‘ghost texts’ to Alice Munro’s short stories, a concept that Michel Charles introduced in the context of reader-response theory. Using ‘Gravel’, from Munro’s 2012 collection, as an exemplar, the article focuses on the role intratextuality plays in Munro’s oeuvre and its effect on readers. I propose to see previous stories that hover as subtexts as ‘ghost scenarios’ that haunt the Canadian short story writer’s fiction and induce ‘erratic readings’, in particular in stories where mysterious deaths occur. Ghost texts also increase uncertainty and induce niggling doubt, reinforcing the overall haunting effect that Munro’s stories often convey.
Coincident origins: Dress and civilization in the Garden of Eden
Authors: Matheson Linda Florence 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
This study posits that the postmodern practice of uniting dress and mythology has its roots in the Creation Stories of the Judeo/Christian Bible, perhaps the greatest myth ever told. Here the practice of dress finds its genesis in Genesis at the same time as the civilization project. Using the work of Jacques Lacan, Gregory Stone and Georg Simmel, the article questions the significance of this coincidence by tracking the responses that the initial state of nakedness calls forth, and the effect of these responses on the development of self and society in tandem with the development of the practice of dress.
Re-evaluating Oscar Hammerstein’s 1930s: His popular and critical success from Viennese Nights (1930) to The Last Time I Saw Paris (1940)
Authors: Garber Michael 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Between 1930 and 1942, Oscar Hammerstein II was not the failure that he and others claimed. In print and interviews, Hammerstein represented this as a period when his works were rejected by audiences and critics, and biographers have followed his lead. Countering that subject-imposed viewpoint, this article examines newly digitized primary sources, audience reception and a more recent generation of criticism to greatly modify previous assessments. This study tracks 25 songs that attained prominence and explores Hammerstein’s neglected contributions to popular musicals such as May Wine (1935), The Great Waltz (1938, surprisingly well-known in China) and Hellzapoppin (1938).
First record of the genus Raunolina (Hemiptera: Fulgoroidea: Caliscelidae) from tropical Africa with description of two new species from Sudan and Saudi Arabia
Authors: Gnezdilov Vladimir M. 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Raunolina Gnezdilov & Wilson, 2006 erected as a subgenus of Perissana Metcalf, 1952 is upgraded to generic level. Raunolina remanei sp. nov. is described from northeastern Sudan, which is the first record of the genus and the tribe Adenissini Dlabola, 1980 from tropical Africa, and R. jeddahica sp. nov. is described from western Saudi Arabia. Two new combinations are provided: Raunolina circularis (Linnavuori, 1952), comb. nov. and Raunolina arabica (Gnezdilov & Wilson, 2006), comb. nov.; R. arabica is recorded for the first time from Yemen. A key to separate the genera Perissana and Raunolina as well as a key to species of Raunolina are given. The global distribution of Adenissini is discussed.
Description of immature stages of Laccobius kunashiricus, with a key to genera of the Laccobiini based on larval characters (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)
Authors: Minoshima Yûsuke N. , Iwata Yasuyuki , Fikáček Martin , Hayashi Masakazu 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Immature stages of Laccobius (Laccobius) kunashiricus Shatrovskiy, 1984 are described based on specimens reared from adults collected in the field. The egg-case, all larval instars and pupa are described in detail, including primary and secondary chaetotaxy of the larval head. The biology of the species was observed and is briefly discussed. We also summarize the knowledge of immature stages of Laccobius Erichson, 1837 and provide a key to identify larvae of the known Laccobiini genera.
Effect of Tungsten and Molybdenum on the Crystallization, Microstructure and Properties of Silumin 226
Authors: Szymczak T. , Gumienny G. , Pacyniak T. , Walas K. 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
The work presents the results of the examinations of silumin 226 as well as a silumin produced on its basis containing a W and Mo addition introduced in the amount of 0.1; 0.2; 0.3 and 0.4% of both elements simultaneously. Investigations of the crystallization process of the silumins by the TDA method were conducted. Also, a microscopic analysis of their microstructure was performed and their basic mechanical properties were determined. Microstructure tests were made on casts produced in an TDA sampler as well as by the pressure method. The investigations exhibited a change in the course of crystallization of the silumin containing 0.3 and 0.4% W and Mo with respect to silumin 226 and the silumin with the addition of 0.1 and 0.2%. The presence of additional phases which did not occur in the case of lower addition contents was established in the silumin containing 0.3-0.4% W and Mo, regardless of the applied casting technology. The tests showed the possibility of increasing the tensile strength Rm, the proof stress Rp0,2 and the unit elongation A of the silumin as a result of a simultaneous introduction of the W and Mo addition. The highest values of Rm, Rp0,2 and A were obtained in the silumins with the additions of these elements within the range of 0.1-0.2% each.
Strongly J-Clean Skew Triangular Matrix Rings
Authors: Kurtulmaz Yosum 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Let R be an arbitrary ring with identity. An element a ∈ R is strongly J-clean if there exist an idempotent e ∈ R and element w ∈ J(R) such that a = e + w and ew = ew. A ring R is strongly J-clean in case every element in R is strongly J-clean. In this note, we investigate the strong J-cleanness of the skew triangular matrix ring Tn(R, σ) over a local ring R, where σ is an endomorphism of R and n = 2, 3, 4.
Generalized Outer Synchronization of Stochastic Neural Networks With Time-Varying Delays
Authors: He Ping 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
In this paper, generalized outer synchronization between two different stochastic coupled complex dynamical networks with time-varying delays has been investigated. A novel controller is given and the stochastic invariance principle is applied. A stochastic disturbance which is described in term of a Brownian motion are considered in complex dynamical networks. Moreover, some sufficient conditions are derived to ensure generalized outer synchronization of stochastic neural networks. Surprisingly, it is found that complex networks with different structure can be synchronized.
Computational and Statistical Aspects of Determining Ship’s Position
Authors: Drapella Antoni , Morgaś Wacław 
Published: May 2018

AbstractIn its mathematical essence, the task of determining ship’s position coordinates, is to minimize appropriately defined goal function. This paper proposes to use the method of conjugate gradient for this purpose. The reason is that calculations may be performed in some seconds time because Microsoft and Apache implemented the conjugate gradient method as a tool called the Solver and embedded this tool in their widely offered and popular spreadsheets, namely Excel and the Open Office Calc, respectively. Further in this paper it is shown how to precisely assess errors of ship’s position coordinates with the Monte Carlo method that employs the Solver.