bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dendritic A-Current in Rhythmically Active PreBötzinger Complex Neurons in Organotypic Cultures from Newborn Mice
Authors: Phillips Wiktor S. , Del Negro Christopher A. , Rekling Jens C. 
Published: February 2018

The brainstem preBötzinger complex (preBötC) generates the inspiratory rhythm for breathing. The onset of neural activity that precipitates the inspiratory phase of the respiratory cycle may depend on the activity of type-1 preBötC neurons, which exhibit a transient outward K+current,IA. Inspiratory rhythm generation can be studiedex vivobecause the preBötC remains rhythmically activein vitro, both in acute brainstem slices and organotypic cultures. Advantageous optical conditions in organotypic slice cultures from newborn mice of either sex allowed us to investigate howIAimpacts Ca2+transients occurring in the dendrites of rhythmically active type-1 preBötC neurons. The amplitude of dendritic Ca2+transients evoked via voltage increases originating from the soma significantly increased after anIAantagonist, 4-aminopyridine (4-AP), was applied to the perfusion bath or to local dendritic regions. Similarly, glutamate-evoked postsynaptic depolarizations recorded at the soma increased in amplitude when 4-AP was coapplied with glutamate at distal dendritic locations. We conclude that IAis expressed on type-1 preBötC neuron dendrites. We propose thatIAfilters synaptic input, shunting sparse excitation, while enabling temporally summated events to pass more readily as a result ofIAinactivation. DendriticIAin rhythmically active preBötC neurons could thus ensure that inspiratory motor activity does not occur until excitatory synaptic drive is synchronized and well coordinated among cellular constituents of the preBötC during inspiratory rhythmogenesis. The biophysical properties of dendriticIAmight thus promote robustness and regularity of breathing rhythms.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTBrainstem neurons in the preBötC generate the oscillatory activity that underlies breathing. PreBötC neurons express voltage-dependent currents that can influence inspiratory activity, among which is a transient potassium current (IA) previously identified in a rhythmogenic excitatory subset of type-1 preBötC neurons. We sought to determine whetherIAis expressed in the dendrites of preBötC. We found that dendrites of type-1 preBötC neurons indeed expressIA, which may aid in shunting sparse non-summating synaptic inputs, while enabling strong summating excitatory inputs to readily pass and thus influence somatic membrane potential trajectory. The subcellular distribution ofIAin rhythmically active neurons of the preBötC may thus be critical for producing well coordinated ensemble activity during inspiratory burst formation.
Ankara Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesine Başvuran Hastaların Periodontal Hastalık Öz Bildirim Geçerliliğinin Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: ERTÜMER Ezgi , KARACAOĞLU Fatma , AKKAYA Murat 
Published: February 2018

Amaç: Çalışmamızın amacı Ankara Üniversitesi Diş
Hekimliği Fakültesi’ne başvuran hastaların, yapılan klinik muayene ve
öz-bildirim anketlerindeki verilerin karşılaştırılmasıyla birlikte periodontal
farkındalıklarını değerlendirmek ve periodontitis taraması için öz-bildirim
ölçümlerini içeren prediktif bir modelin geçerliliğini değerlendirmektir.Gereç ve Yöntemler:Çalışmaya 169 kadın 181 erkek toplam 350 hasta
dahil edildi.Katılımcılara demografik bilgiler, oral hijyen alışkanlıkları ve
periodontal duruma dair özbildirim ölçümlerini içeren 25 soru soruldu. Tüm
hastaların Ramfjord dişlerinden33 plak indeksi (PI) ve gingival
indeks (GI) alındı. CPI ölçümü 6 sekstantta yapılıp her bir sekstant için en
yüksek skor kaydedildi. Tüm dişlerin 4 yüzeyinden cep derinliği (CD)ölçümü yapıldı
ve diş eti çekilmesi olan bölgeler ve kaydedildi. Prediktif bir model
oluşturmak için lojistik regresyon analizi kullanıldı.Bulgular:Çalışma sonunda 30 yaşın üzerindeki bireyler,
erkekler, sigara kullananlar, diş hekimine sadece şikayeti oldukça gidenler,
diş etinde çekilme olduğunu ve ön dişlerinde aralanma ya da öne doğru gelme
olduğunu düşünen hastaların periodontitis olma açısından daha yüksek riske
sahip olduğu kaydedilmiştir.Lojistik regresyon analizi yapılarak oluşturulan
sonuç prediktif modelde bu sorularla elde edilen öz-bildirim ölçümleri yer
almıştır. Oluşturulan modeldeki soruların prediktif gücü test edilmiştir
sensitivitesi %47, spesifitesi %63 olarak bulunmuştur.Sonuçlar:Çalışmamızın sonuçları göz önüne alındığında
değerlendirdiğimiz periodontal ölçümler epidemiyolojik çalışmalarda kabul
edilmesi için yeterli geçerlilik göstermemiştir. Ancak daha geniş popülasyonlu
çalışmalarda bu soruların geçerliliği denenebilir. Ek olarak, bulgularımız periodontal
hastalık belirteci olan sorular daha önce belirlenen risk faktörleriyle kombine
kullanıldığında peridontitis için daha yüksek tahmin seviyesi sağlanabileceğini
ortaya koymuştur.Anahtar Kelimeler:Farkındalık, periodontal hastalık, özbildirim
Judge Optics on Environmental Dispute Dispute Objects, Expiration And Community Participation Principles In The Issuance Of Environmental Document Processing On The Case Of Kendeng
Authors: Nugroho Wahyu , Nurlinda Ida , Nugroho Bambang Daru , Hadi Imamul 
Published: February 2018

Different ways of access to justice in Indonesia for minority or homogeneous communities in certainareas that utilize natural resources as part of their lives. Examples of this group are people in themountains kendeng Rembang regency Central Java Province who mostly work as farmers andplanters, against the Governor of Central Java and PT Semen Gresik (Persero) Tbk. upon the issuanceof Central Java Governor Decree No. 660.1 / 17/2012 on Environmental Permit for Mining andConstruction of Cement Plant by PT Semen Gresik (Persero) Tbk. in Rembang District, Central JavaProvince dated June 7, 2012. Kendeng community took three levels of court lane, namely the StateAdministrative Court of Semarang, the State Administrative High Court of Surabaya and the JudicialReview Review. The case is interesting to examine and a good example of access to justice inIndonesia over the issue of environmental permit issuance, in the context of the development ofenvironmental law studies and state administrative law, in particular judge optics as well as stateadministrative officials on the understanding and interpretation of the General Principles ofGovernance the Good (AUPB). DOI: 10.15408/jch.v5i2.7093
Perinatal Outcomes of 40 Pregnancies with Familial Mediterranean Fever
Authors: ALICI DAVUTOĞLU Ebru , ÖZEL Ayşegül , ERENEL Hakan , MADAZLI Rıza 
Published: February 2018

Objective
: To
evaluate maternal and fetal outcomes of pregnancies diagnosed with Familial
Mediterranean Fever (FMF)

Methods
: Retrospective analysis of 40 pregnancies
diagnosed with FMF who received antenatal care at our perinatology unit between
2012 -2017 included in this clinical study. Clinical characteristics of
patients, perinatal and maternal outcomes were evaluated.

Results
: The
mean patient age was 30.75 ±6.15 and the nulliparity rate was 42,5 %. The mean
duration of illness was found to be 8,36 ± 5.44 years. 7 patients had an attack
during pregnancy. 90 % of the patients received medical treatment. Mean gestational
age at delivery was 37,3±4.5 , mean birth weight was 3115±547 g. Preterm delivery, fetal
growth restriction and preeclampsia
rates were 10, 5, 10 % respectively. Fetal and neonatal loss, congenital
anomalous birth was not observed.

Conclusion:
Multidisciplinary approach to the care of
pregnancy diagnosed with FMF is
associated with good maternal and fetal outcomes.
ARTES DECORATIVAS PARA TIEMPOS MODERNOS (1918-1936). JUAN JOSÉ Y EL CUBRERRADIADOR</p> <p>Decorative Arts for Modern Times (1918-1936). Juan José and the Radiator Cover
Authors: Herradón Maria Antonia 
Published: February 2018

Juan José García (Madrid, 1894-1962), uno de los grandes desconocidos del panorama artístico español, desarrolló la primera parte de su carrera entre 1918 y 1936. A lo largo de esas décadas, decisivas para la renovación de las artes decorativas españolas, Juan José creó a partir del hierro y otros metales un sugestivo muestrario de muebles destinados a cubrir y ornamentar el radiador. El estudio analiza el alcance de esta producción, gracias a la cual también en España el cubrerradiador fue soporte plástico de la modernidad y ejemplo perfecto del estilo art decó.
The Influence Of Listening Habits Of English Songs Toward Vocabulary Mastery
Authors: Zulianti Zulianti 
Published: February 2018

The objectives of the study are as follows: (1) to find out the intensity of the students‟ habit in listening English songs, (2) to find out the students‟ mastery of English vocabulary, (3) to find out the influences of listening habit of English songs towards vocabulary mastery. This is a descriptive qualitative study. The subjects of study were the third year students of MAN I Temanggung. The result of the research are as follow: (1) the majority of the students‟ listening habits of English songs is good enough that falls on the scores of 68-83, (2) the majority of the students‟ vocabulary mastery is fair that falls on the scores of 65-79, (3) there is a positive influence of listening habits of English songs toward vocabulary mastery. Key Words: Listening habit; English songs; Vocabulary mastery.
The European Banking Union: will it be Sufficient to Avert Another Debt Crisis in Europe?
Authors: Spence Ross Alexander 
Published: February 2018

<p>The rationales for the creation of the European Banking Union (“EBU”), what its objectives are and the main pillars of support for such a scheme, are worthy of investigation. This article means to critically discuss the various elements of the EBU and determine whether the Single Supervisory Mechanism and the Single Resolution Mechanism, the main pillars underpinning the structure, are robust enough to avert another debt crisis in Europe. At the EBU’s heart lies the Single Rulebook (“SR”), which aims to counter the risk of fragmentation and nationalist tendencies. This inward looking trend became apparent in the recent financial crises, and contributed greatly to them. In an effort to avoid repeating the divisive and disjointed mistakes of the past, the SR is instead looking to provide unity and harmonisation across all participating member states. </p>
Income Inequality: Impact of Inequality Measures on Crimes An Analysis of the State of New Jersey
Authors: OKPOKWASILI Bertram C. Ifeanyi 
Published: February 2018

<p>This research used time-series data for the 50 year period of 1964 to 2014 to investigate the relationship between income inequalities and crimes in the state of New Jersey, United States of America. It found that income inequality had a significant relationship to all four types of crime measured – murder, forcible rape, aggravated assault and property crimes. Statistical significance would seem to depend on the model and inequality measure used. A log-log relationship existed between inequalities and all the crimes. Different inequality measures enabled different measures of significance. It also found that it was possible to come to different conclusions with respect to the relationships by using different inequality measures- the Gini and the 20/20 measures in our case. </p>
Evaluation Environmental Indicators: A Case Study of Public and Private Resorts in Lagos state, Nigeria
Authors: Ajani Funmilola , Adedoyin Haminat Abisola 
Published: February 2018

<p>Tourism has a major impact on natural and built environments, also on the wellbeing and culture of host populations. These effects can be positive or negative, depending on how tourism is developed and managed. This study aimed at evaluating the environmental quality and management of Whispering Palms Resort (private establishment) and Suntan Beach Resort (Government-owned). We use direct observation of the environment, structured questionnaires to the tourists as well as laboratory analysis of soil and water sample from the two sites for Total Coliform Count and Total Aerobic Count. Results show that Whispering Palms Resort is of higher quality with 70.9% while Suntan Beach had 47.4%. Facilities and services assessment shows that Whispering Palms Resort was rated high with 61.8%, and Suntan Beach Resort had 47.4%. Furthermore, the mean Total Aerobic Count and Total Coliform count obtained from soil and water sample exceeded USEPA standard for recreational waters, which should not exceed 500cell/100ml. We recommend that proper monitoring should be carried out on a regular basis to ensure clean and safe environment. </p><p> </p>
Immediate Supervisors’ Leadership Behaviour and Employees’ Organizational Commitment: Do Pay and Promotion Mediate the Nexus?
Authors: Ampofo Emmanuel Yaw 
Published: February 2018

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</xml><![endif]--><p>This study examines the mediating effect of motivational factors of pay and promotion on transformational leadership and organizational commitment relationship in Unilever Ghana using a quantitative, non-experimental, cross-sectional and analytical survey design study. The results of the study revealed significant positive relationship between transformational leadership style and affective commitment, continuance commitment, and normative commitment. However, the results of the study revealed no significant mediation of pay in the relationship between transformational leadership style and affective commitment, continuance commitment, and normative commitment. Additionally, no significant mediation of promotion was found in the relationship between transformational leadership and affective commitment, transformational leadership and continuance commitment, and transformational leadership and normative commitment. Managers’ adoption of transformational leadership behavior as a key strategy to get employees committed to the organizations will be of great significance because motivational factors such as pay and promotion do not mediate the transformational leadership and organizational commitment relationship. This is a maiden empirical research in Ghana where motivational factors are used as mediators in transformational leadership and organizational commitment relationship.</p>
A Conceptual Framework of A Customer’s Perception of Retail Salesperson Opportunism
Authors: Magnotta Sarah 
Published: February 2018

<p>A customer’s perception of salesperson opportunism reflects the extent to which a customer believes that a salesperson is intentionally self-interest seeking with little regard for the consequences to the customer. While the marketing literature is rich with research examining salesperson opportunism from the managerial perspective, the consumer’s perspective is underdeveloped. The customer’s perception is important, such that it has implications for purchasing intentions, as well as satisfaction with the salesperson and retailer. In this research, a conceptual framework of a customer’s perception of salesperson opportunism is developed. Further, propositions are set forth which provide scope, and allow for future empirical testing, of this domain. The implications of the framework and fruitful areas of potential research are discussed.</p>
Womanism and After: A Theatrical Justification for African Women’s Radical Response to Subjugation in Reloaded
Authors: Owonibi Sola Emmanuel 
Published: February 2018

<p>The inculcation and transmission of socio-cultural, ideological and moral expectations of every society are is as much the role of individuals and institutions of that society as the available oral or written records of the society. With the advent of modernity, the mass media have come to play crucial roles in the socialization and conditioning of members of the society to accepted or expected roles and behaviour. The theatre has come to be very relevant in this regard. Diverse thematic preoccupations have actually authenticated the social relevance of theatre and the home video, especially in the Nigerian Nollywood industry. The focus on inter-personal relationship is particularly remarkable. Some Nollywood movies are particularly exemplary in their deconstruction of the man/woman relationship in the African society. This paper studied ‘Reloaded’, a Nigerian Nollywood movie. The choice of the movie, Reloaded for this paper is informed by it radical departure from the African feminist tradition of womanism which tends to reject a radical response by women to their subjugation, and rather favours a sort of mild – even passive - dialogic synergy with men. This advocacy for complementarity, as we can see in a movie like Reloaded, has not brought the much-desired solution to women subjugation. This revelation is much more in consonance with reality; the reality that response to issues is spontaneous and universally natural to individuals rather than being unifocal. Using the sociological approach and adopting a critical analysis method, this study finds out that reality in the Nigerian society has shown that, in many cases, passivity, docility and persuasion have failed to bring about desired results where corrective retaliation has done the magic. The man/woman relationship is not an exception, as it is revealed in Reloaded.</p>
Job Satisfaction and Work Performance of Public Secondary School Teachers In Akoko North West Local Government Area Of Ondo State
Authors: Talabi Aroge Stephen 
Published: February 2018

<p><em>The study examined the relationship between job satisfaction and work performance of secondary school teachers in Akoko North West Local Government Area of Ondo-State, Nigeria. The study population consisted of all secondary school teachers, while two hundred of them were randomly selected for the study. Regular payment of salary, opportunities for promotion, rapport with school authority, in-service training, job security, career prospect and retirement benefits were the variables considered. The questionnaire titled “Workers Opinion Survey Inventory (WOSI)” and the Productivity Rating Scale (PRS) which was in line with Annual Performance Evaluation Report (APPER) was used to obtain information for the study. The data was analyzed using Pearson Product Correlation Moment. One of the recommendations made include the onward review of policies, remuneration and work conditions of teachers in the public secondary schools in Nigeria for optimum productivity.</em></p>
“Straight” Acting: Changing Image of Queer-Masculinity in Media Representation
Authors: Zhu Zheng 
Published: February 2018

<p align="center"><strong> </strong></p><p>In this essay, I critically examine media representation of Welsh rugby legend Gareth Thomas, with a specific focus on the construction of his masculinity as an outing gay celebrity. The existing critical scholarship has studied various forms of media representation of queer images. But they did not examine how unconventional queer representation interacts with the normative gender performance. This paper investigates mainstream media’s discursive construction of masculine gay male. The findings call our attention to the emergence of macho gay characterization, which supports the hegemonic domination of heterosexual normativity. The stigmatization of gay-ness as the deviated other is rationalized through illegitimating its positions in the public spheres, marginalizing non-masculine gay characters, and erasing the larger socio-political condition that oppresses closeted gay athletes.</p>
Who Am I? Writing to Find Myself
Authors: McNichol Kathleen 
Published: February 2018

<em>Developmental creative writing and the related areas of expressive writing and therapeutic writing have only recently arisen as significant areas of study; however, although recent research has determined that writing is good for your health, just expressing oneself on the page isn’t enough to promote personal development. In this paper, I set out to answer the question – how is personal development achieved in the context of therapeutic writing? In order to answer this question, I consider many definitions of personal development and writing as outlined by experts in the associated fields of expressive writing, therapeutic writing and developmental creative writing, and I also review concepts of the self as I consider a related question – who am I? Through an in-depth analysis of my own personal writing about my sister’s mental illness, I conclude that writing for the purposes of personal development requires a conscious self-reflexive effort, with the goal of developing a deeper understanding of self, so as to promote positive change in the way that one perceives one’s own life. </em>
Analysis of Discourse Structure of Cases Verdict in The District Court (A Study of Legal Language)
Authors: Pakaya Usman 
Published: February 2018

<p>The title of this article is the discourse structure of cases verdict in the district court (a study of legal language). This article discusses several elements that compose verdict in a criminal case, such as heading, the identity of the defendant, the attorney’s indictment, witnesses’ testimony, the testimony of the accused, and the verdict statements. This study employed the qualitative method to find out the scientific facts. This article is aimed at proving that discourse structure can be used as a framework in unraveling a case verdict.</p><p> </p>
Towards a Deeper Understanding of the Meaning of Male Beach Worker-Female Tourist Relationships on the Kenyan Coast
Authors: Chege Njeri 
Published: February 2018

<p>Knowledge and research on sexual-economic relationships between local men and Western female tourists in different touristic locations around the world has grown, as has public interest and awareness of the phenomenon. However, the direct perspectives of the men whose lives constitute the focus of such studies remain scarce. This has resulted in the phenomenon being understood mainly and inadequately through the concepts of 'romance tourism' and 'female sex tourism'. Drawing on ethnographic research conducted in Kenya's South Coast region, this article foregrounds the voices of male beach workers and the meanings they assign to these relationships, against a backdrop of the historical, social, economic and political dynamics within which these relationships are pursued. The men attest to socio-economic hardships and marginalization, against which they seek to establish long-term intimate relationships with foreign female tourists, as well as non-sexual economically motivated friendships with foreign tourists, termed family friends. The narratives and analyses show that the pursuit of these relationships as livelihood strategies also flows from the men's struggles to fulfil traditional and contemporary ethno-societal gender expectations, through which men are generally construed as the expected breadwinners and providers. </p>
Culture in Teaching EFL in Saudi Arabia from Learners’ Perspective
Authors: Uddin Nasir 
Published: February 2018

<p>This paper aims to study the attitude of Saudi Arabian undergraduate English students towards the American and British culture by studying their attitude to materials with relevant cultural contents in their textbooks. As strict followers of Islamic principles, the learner might be misunderstood to be reactive to the cultural contents of the nations of completely different culture. However, primary data shows that the learners are more tolerant in their attitude to the English culture than they socially appear to be, but they are keen to learn English as a language with relatively less interest in its cultural aspects. </p>