bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patient‐reported outcomes with subcutaneous immunoglobulin in chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy: the PATH study
Authors: Hartung H.‐P. , Mallick R. , Bril V. , Lewis R. A. , Sobue G. , Lawo J.‐P. , Mielke O. , Durn B. L. , Cornblath D. R. , Merkies I. S. J. , van Schaik I. N. ,   the PATH study group
Published: August 2019

Background and purposeChronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) causes weakness which adversely impacts function and quality of life (QOL). CIDP often requires long‐term management with intravenous or subcutaneous immunoglobulin. The Polyneuropathy and Treatment with Hizentra® (PATH) study showed that subcutaneous immunoglobulin (SCIG) was efficacious in CIDP maintenance. Here, patient‐reported outcomes in patients on SCIG are assessed.MethodsSubjects stabilized on intravenous immunoglobulin were randomly allocated to receive weekly 0.2 or 0.4 g/kg bodyweight of 20% SCIG (IgPro20) or placebo. Overall QOL/health status was assessed using the EuroQoL 5‐Dimension (EQ‐5D) health profile and visual analog scale, treatment satisfaction was assessed with the Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire for Medicine (TSQM) and work‐related impact was assessed with the Work Productivity and Activity Impairment Questionnaire for General Health (WPAI‐GH). The EQ‐5D health profile was assessed in terms of the percentage of subjects maintained or improved at week 25 of SCIG therapy on each of the EQ‐5D domains versus baseline after intravenous immunoglobulin stabilization. TSQM and WPAI‐GH were assessed by median score changes from baseline to week 25.ResultsIn total, 172 subjects were randomized to placebo (n = 57), 0.2 g/kg IgPro20 (n = 57) and 0.4 g/kg IgPro20 (n = 58). Significantly higher proportions of IgPro20‐treated subjects improved/maintained their health status on the EQ‐5D usual activities dimension, and in additional dimensions (mobility and pain/discomfort) in sensitivity analyses. TSQM and WPAI‐GH scores were more stable with IgPro20 treatment compared with placebo.Conclusions IgPro20 maintained or improved QOL in most subjects with CIDP, consistent with the PATH study findings that both IgPro20 doses were efficacious in maintaining CIDP.
The non‐homogenous distribution and aggregation of carotenoids in the stratum corneum correlates with the organization of intercellular lipids in vivo
Authors: Choe ChunSik , Ri JaeRyong , Schleusener Johannes , Lademann Juergen , Darvin Maxim E. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe human stratum corneum (SC) contains an abundant amount of carotenoid antioxidants, quenching free radicals and thereby protecting the skin. For the precise measurements of the depth‐dependent carotenoid concentration, confocal Raman microscopy is a suitable method. The quantitative concentration can be determined by the carotenoid‐related peak intensity of a Gaussian function approached at ≈1524 cm−1 using non‐linear regression. Results show that the carotenoid concentration is higher at the superficial layers of the SC then decreases to a minimum at 20% SC depth and increases again towards the bottom of the SC. In the present work, two carotenoid penetration pathways into the SC are postulated. The first pathway is from the stratum granulosum to the bottom of the SC, while in the second pathway, the carotenoids are delivered to the skin surface by sweat and/or sebum secretion and penetrate from outside. The carotenoids are aggregated at the superficial layers, which are shown by high correlation between the aggregation states of carotenoids and the lateral organization of lipids. At the 30%‐40% SC depths, the ordered and dense lipid molecules intensify the lipid‐carotenoid interactions and weaken the carotenoid‐carotenoid interaction and thus exhibit the disaggregation of carotenoids. At 90%‐100% SC depths, the carotenoid‐lipid interaction is weakened and the carotenoids have a tendency to be aggregated. Thus, the molecular structural correlation of carotenoid and SC lipid might be reserved in the intercellular space of the SC and also serves as the skeleton of the intercellular lipids.
APOBEC3 regulates keratinocyte differentiation and expression of Notch3
Authors: Dainichi Teruki , Nakano Yuri , Wakae Kousho , Otsuka Masayuki , Muramatsu Masamichi , Kabashima Kenji 
Published: August 2019

AbstractApolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme, catalytic polypeptide‐like (APOBEC) family consists of deaminases. Some isozymes of APOBEC3 are induced upon human papillomavirus infection or development of psoriasis skin lesions. However, the involvement of APOBEC3 in keratinocyte differentiation has not been addressed. We herein sought to evaluate the roles of APOBECs in mouse primary keratinocyte differentiation. We found that expression levels of APOBEC1 and APOBEC3 were increased during calcium‐induced keratinocyte differentiation. Unexpectedly, however, the expression levels of keratinocyte differentiation markers keratin 1/10, involucrin, loricrin and filaggrin were higher in keratinocytes treated with APOBEC3 siRNAs than in those treated with control RNAs. In addition, the treatment of keratinocytes with APOBEC3 siRNAs increased the gene expression levels of Notch3, a master regulator of keratinocyte differentiation. Moreover, calcium‐induced increase in Notch3 expression and keratinocyte differentiation were impaired by transfection with an APOBEC3 expression plasmid. Furthermore, co‐treatment with Notch3 siRNAs reduced the APOBEC3 siRNA‐mediated upregulation of Notch3 expression and in part attenuated the increased expression levels of keratinocyte differentiation markers. These results suggest that APOBEC3 is induced upon keratinocyte differentiation and negatively regulates the keratinocyte differentiation in part by its inhibitory role for Notch3 expression.
Chemical and physico‐chemical changes during the dry‐cured processing of deer loin
Authors: Vargas‐Ramella Marcio , Domínguez Rubén , Pateiro Mirian , Franco Daniel , Barba Francisco J. , Lorenzo José M. 
Published: August 2019

SummaryThe changes on chemical composition, physico‐chemical parameters, free fatty acids and free amino acids content of dry‐cured deer loin were investigated at day 0, 30 and 60 of dry‐cured process. On the whole, except for pH values (≈5.6) and composition (fat: 4.6–5.2%; protein: ≈73%; ash: ≈17.5%) that did not show differences between the processing days, the other physico‐chemical parameters were affected by curing process. Colour parameters and moisture (from 69 to 38.4%) decreased while the hardness increase from 12.35 to 342 N and lipid oxidation (from 0.2 to 0.52 mg MDA/kg) increased as dry‐cured stage progresses. In similar way, free fatty acid (2250 mg per 100 g of fat at 0 day and 5940 mg per 100 g of fat at 60 days) and free amino acid content (914 mg per 100 g DM at 0 day and 1253 mg per 100 g DM at 60 days) increased progressively as the curing process progressed. The behaviour of this product during processing is similar to that described for the same product made with other animal species. Therefore, deer meat is an excellent candidate for the production of dry‐cured loin, which would allow introducing a new product on the market.
Politics, concern for future generations, and the environment: Generativity mediates political conservatism and environmental attitudes
Authors: Barnett Michael D. , Archuleta William P. , Cantu Christina 
Published: August 2019

AbstractClimate change and pollution impact those alive today as well as future generations, suggesting that attitudes toward future generations may be linked with environmental attitudes. Despite the widespread impact of the environmental on human lives, there is considerable partisan divide in the United States with regards to environmental issues. We investigated relationships between political conservatism, generativity, and environmental attitudes in two studies (N = 429 and N = 618). Political conservatism was associated with lower pro‐environmental attitudes; however, political conservatism was also associated with higher generativity and had a positive indirect effect on pro‐environmental attitudes through higher generativity. More politically conservative individuals may have greater concern for future life and thereby have more pro‐environmental attitudes even while having lower pro‐environmental attitudes overall. These results likely reflect partisan polarization with regard to environmental issues. Pro‐environmental messages may be more persuasive for conservatives if they are linked to concerns about future generations.
PON1 hypermethylation is associated with progression of renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Li Xin , Yu Qian 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIn this study, our aim was to exploring the influences of DNA methylation of PON1 on cell proliferation, migration and apoptosis of renal cancer cells. The genome‐wide methylation array of renal cell carcinoma samples and adjacent tissues were obtained from the cancer genome atlas (TCGA) database. By analysing the DNA methylation and conducting the CpG islands array, methylation status expressed in renal tumour samples and normal renal tissue samples were detected. Methylation‐specific PCR (MS‐PCR) and qRT‐PCR were employed to detect the methylation level and mRNA expression of PON1. Wound‐healing assay, transwell assay and MTT assay were utilized to detecting the migration, invasion and proliferation abilities, respectively. The cell apoptosis was testified by Tunnel assay. In addition, the effect of PON1 on renal cancer cells was verified by experiments in vivo. The methylation status of different genes in renal cell carcinoma samples was obtained by CpG islands arrays and hypermethylated PON1 was selected for further study. PON1 was down‐regulated in renal cell carcinoma tissues detected by qRT‐PCR and Western blot. Both in vitro and vivo experiments indicated that the sunitinib‐resistant in renal cancer cells could be suppressed by treat with 5‐Aza‐dC or TSA, and the effect came out more obvious after 5‐Aza‐dC and TSA co‐treatment. In detail, the demethylation of PON1 inhibited the migration, invasion and proliferation of renal cancer cells and also arrested more cells in G0/G1 phase. The vivo experiment indicated that demethylated PON1 suppressed the growth of tumour. Hypermethylated PON1 promoted migration, invasion and proliferation of sunitinib‐resistance renal cancer cells and arrested more cells in G0/G1 phase.
Association of the gingival line angle with the gingival and interdental smile line: A gender based evaluation
Authors: Kolte Rajashri A. , Kolte Abhay P. , Rathi Prachi 
Published: August 2019

AbstractObjectiveGingival line angle (GLA) has been considered an important attribute of an esthetic smile. The purpose of this study was to evaluate GLA on either sides of maxillary arch and correlate it with the gingival smile line (GSL) and interdental smile line (ISL).Materials and MethodsOne hundred twenty periodontally healthy patients with an age range of 20‐40 years, equally divided into males and females were included. Standardized digital photographs were taken for assessment of the interdental papillae and smile line. Study models of the participants were used to record the GLA. Gingival thickness (GT) was measured clinically.ResultsAlthough there was consistent difference between the values, the correlation between GLA and GT on either sides of the arch did not indicate positive association. It was revealed that maximum of patients that is, 76.67% and 75% of males and females respectively possessed low GSL.ConclusionsAlthough there is a difference between GT and GLA, the difference was statistically insignificant. Majority of the study population exhibited low GSL and high ISL, thereby indicating greater importance for interdental papillae in designing an esthetic smile.Clinical SignificanceConsidering the likely variations based on gender on gingival line angle and the tooth and gingival display in interdental smile line and gingival smile line, these parameters need to be assessed further. It is believed that appropriate assessment of these parameters would enable the clinician to adopt these relationships as guidelines for interdisciplinary treatment procedures.
Left Ventricular Assist Device Therapy in Older Adults: Addressing Common Clinical Questions
Authors: DeFilippis Ersilia M. , Nakagawa Shunichi , Maurer Mathew S. , Topkara Veli K. 
Published: August 2019

OBJECTIVESTo review the literature and summarize the evidence for left ventricular assist device (LVAD) use in older adults (aged >75 years), highlighting patient selection, day‐to‐day life with an LVAD, age‐specific complications, and end‐of‐life considerations.DESIGNContemporary review of current literature on LVAD therapy in older adults.RESULTSThere is a paucity of data on LVAD use and outcomes in adults older than 75 years and even less commonly are such devices implanted in those older than 80 years. Candidates and recipients of this age often have multiple chronic conditions and extracardiac impairments, which can negatively affect their short‐term outcomes and daily experience following LVAD implantation. Therefore, selection prior to implant should incorporate end‐organ function, nutritional status, measures of frailty, neurocognitive status, and social support, among others, to determine the patient population most likely to benefit from such therapy.CONCLUSIONWhen LVAD therapy is utilized in an older adult, the needs for multidisciplinary team management and expertise in palliative care are essential. More age‐specific outcome data are required to help inform providers, patients, and caregivers. J Am Geriatr Soc 67:2410–2419, 2019
The significance of Mn‐rich ilmenite and the determination of P–T paths from zoned garnet in metasedimentary rocks from the western Cape Breton Highlands, Nova Scotia
Authors: McCarron Travis , McFarlane Christopher R. M. , Gaidies Fred 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe Jumping Brook Metamorphic Suite in the western Cape Breton Highlands of Nova Scotia is part of an inverted Barrovian sequence that formed during a Late Silurian–Early Devonian promontory–promontory collision in the Canadian Appalachians. In this study, systematic discrepancies between geochemical observations and thermodynamic model predictions led to the discovery of a systematic relationship linking the style of garnet core isopleth intersection (GCII) to the pyrophanite (MnTiO3) component of co‐existing ilmenite. Samples that yielded tight GCIIs at or near the garnet‐in curve were found to contain ilmenite with negligible pyrophanite components, whereas samples yielding GCIIs far removed (up to 105°C) from the garnet‐in curve were found to contain ilmenite with significant pyrophanite and/or ecandrewsite (ZnTiO3) components. Based on petrographic and geochemical observations, Mn(±Zn)‐rich ilmenite are interpreted to have sequestered Mn throughout prograde metamorphism due to sluggish intracrystalline diffusion. The amount of reactive Mn input into the thermodynamic models from whole‐rock analyses were, in some cases, overestimated, resulting in garnet‐in curve topologies that extend to erroneously low P–T conditions. Modifications to the whole‐rock chemistry that account for Mn sequestration into ilmenite, however, yielded robust model results. Our results show that, in addition to uncertainties in thermodynamic data sets and phenomenon related to reaction kinetics, Mn‐rich ilmenite may superimpose additional complexities related to the interpretation of predicted equilibria involving garnet. Numerical simulations of garnet crystallization were used to infer P–T paths of metamorphism for one sample from the garnet zone (Mn corrected) and two samples from the staurolite zone (Mn uncorrected) of the inverted sequence. Model results are remarkably similar among the three samples and indicate that garnet crystallization occurred along relatively steep (31–37°C/km) clockwise P–T paths. The peak conditions of garnet crystallization and metamorphism (560–590°C, 7.4–8.0 kbar) are interpreted to have been attained approximately simultaneously, such that the paths are characterized by tight prograde‐to‐retrograde transitions. The hairpin nature of the P–T paths is interpreted to represent the onset of thrust‐related exhumation and isograd inversion along ductile shear zones, consistent with available field and geochronological constraints.
The Manager’s Notepad: Working Memory, Exploration, and Performance
Authors: Laureiro‐Martinez Daniella , Brusoni Stefano , Tata Amulya , Zollo Maurizio 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThis study builds upon March and Simon’s proposition that individual‐level differences must be considered when explaining decision‐making performance. We extend their discussion on the importance of decision‐makers’ attention to explain heterogeneous patterns of exploration and exploitation within the same uncertain environment. We develop a model of decision‐making under uncertainty in which ‘working memory’ – i.e., the ability to hold multiple elements in mind to actively process them – explains the emergence of heterogeneity in exploration‐exploitation choice patterns. We validated the model in a laboratory study and two replications involving 171 individuals. Our findings show that differences in working memory allow us to identify individuals who are more likely to choose exploration over exploitation appropriately, and thus achieve higher performance. We discuss the implications for management theories, and re‐propose the work of March and Simon as a unifying framework that still can be used to generate and test managerially relevant hypotheses.
Water extract of Artemisia ordosica enhances antioxidant capability and immune response without affecting growth performance in weanling piglets
Authors: Xing Yuanyuan , Wu Yingzhao , Mao Chenyu , Sun Dengsheng , Guo Shiwei , Xu Yuanqing , Jin Xiao , Yan Sumei , Shi Binlin 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe present experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of water extract of Artemisia ordosica (WEAO) on growth performance, antioxidant capability and immune response in weanling piglets. Seventy‐two 28‐day‐old weanling piglets were randomly allocated into four treatments with six replicate pens per treatment and three piglets per pen (n = 18). These four treatment diets were formulated by adding 0, 250, 500 and 750 mg/kg WEAO to the basal diet. The experiment lasted for 28 days. Body weight and feed intake were measured. Blood samples were collected to determine immune and antioxidative parameters. The experimental results showed that WEAO supplementation improved the apparent nutrient digestibility of piglets in a linear or quadratic dose‐dependent manner. In addition, dietary WEAO quadratically increased serum concentrations of cytokines interleukin (IL)‐1, IL‐4, tumour necrosis factor (TNF)‐α, soluble surface antigen CD8 (sCD8), immunoglobulins (Ig)‐A and linearly increased serum concentrations of IL‐2, IL‐6, IgG, IgM. Furthermore, dietary WEAO linearly or quadratically decreased serum concentrations of malondialdehyde but quadratically increased activities of antioxidant enzymes and total antioxidative capacity. These results suggested that WEAO may prove useful as a natural phytogenic feed additive with antioxidative potential and could be incorporated into diets of piglets.
Do motile spermatozoids limit the effectiveness of sexual reproduction in bryophytes? Not in the liverwort Marchantia polymorpha
Authors: Pressel Silvia , Duckett Jeffrey G. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractTo test the premise that fertilization distances in bryophytes are limited by spermatozoid motility, we measured the distances between over 80 000 male and female thalli of Marchantia polymorpha on heathland over 2 successive years after a major fire and recorded the incidence of sporophytes. The first comparative data on spermatozoid numbers per antheridium across bryophytes and pteridophytes were calculated from antheridial sizes and spermatid diameters and cross‐checked with the likely numbers produced by successive antheridial mitoses. Individual antheridia of Marchantia produce over 200 000 spermatozoids. Extrapolating from individual antheridia to the numbers of mature antheridia per antheridiophore and then to individual male plants, we calculated that a single flooding event on a male thallus with 10–12 antheridiophores will result in the release of over 50 million spermatozoids. Assuming radial dispersal in surface water films by lipids released from the dehiscing antheridia, spermatozoids can reach distances exceeding 20 m from the parent plants, in line with our finding of 100% fertilization in female plants of Marchantia up to 19 m from the nearest males, far beyond published fertilization distances in dioicous bryophytes. We attribute this to (i) much greater spermatozoid production and numbers in Marchantia than in other bryophytes and (ii) highly effective sperm transport both within the antheridiophores and archegoniophores via their overlapping scales and grooves in the stalks and between male and female thalli via surface water films. These features, coupled with the massive production of small spores, explain the success of Marchantia as the primary colonist of open habitats.
A prospective randomized study of efficacy of 2 treatment protocols in preventing recurrence of clinical signs in 51 male cats with obstructive idiopathic cystitis
Authors: Nivy Ran , Segev Gilad , Rimer Dar , Bruchim Yaron , Aroch Itamar , Mazaki‐Tovi Michal 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackgroundUrethral obstruction (UO) is a common complication of feline idiopathic cystitis (FIC). Robust treatment recommendations to prevent its recurrence are scarce.ObjectivesTo evaluate meloxicam treatment for prevention of clinical recrudescence in male cats with obstructive FIC.AnimalsFifty‐one client‐owned cats.MethodsProspective, randomized clinical trial. Every male cat with FIC‐associated UO was deemed eligible for the study and was recruited during hospitalization. After discharge, cats were treated with phenoxybenzamine and alprazolam for 2 weeks, with (24 cats) or without (27 cats) low‐dose meloxicam (0.025 mg/kg/day PO) and monitored for 6 months.ResultsCumulative number (%) of cats with recurrent UO at 10 days, 1‐, 2‐, and 6‐months after discharge was 1 (2%), 2 (4%), 4 (8%), and 8 (16%), respectively. Overall, 12 (24%) cats experienced signs of recurrent FIC within 6 months, with (8 cats) or without (4 cats) concurrent UO. No difference in the cumulative incidence of UO within 6 months was detected with addition of meloxicam (odds ratio [95% confidence interval], 0.63 [0.13‐2.97];P= .70). All cats were alive at 6 months.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceNo clinical benefit was detected with the addition of low‐dose meloxicam to phenoxybenzamine and alprazolam treatment for 2 weeks after discharge. Nevertheless, this study was underpowered to identify potential differences, and its findings must be corroborated in larger studies.