bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Physicochemical Characteristics and Antioxidant Activity of Murici Pulps (Byrsonima spp., Malpighiaceae) Sold in the Municipality of Santarém-PA, Brazil
Authors: Torres Carla Beatriz Dos Santos , Gonçalves Lucas Raphael Mourão , Azevedo Marcia Mourão Ramos , Lara Túlio Silva , Santana Marcos Diones , Bressan Cleo Rodrigo , Taube Paulo Sérgio 
Published: November 2024

Introduction:
Murici is valued by the local population for its healing, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties, which are attributed to its phenolic compounds and ca-rotenoids, although its quality and properties are not well-known. Objective: This research aimed to evaluate the quality of murici pulp (Byrsonima spp.) commercialized in some places of Santarém, Pará, Brazil.

Methods:
Murici pulp samples were collected in Santarém and Curuá, PA, between October 2022 and January 2023. The samples were packed in plastic containers and stored in a refriger-ated laboratory. Physicochemical analyses included pH, titratable acidity, total soluble solids, ash content, moisture, phenolic compounds, proteins, and sugars, following standard methods. Antioxidant activity was measured using DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP assays.

Results:
Murici pulp pH ranged from 3.2 to 3.6, all within legal limits, indicating higher acidity suitable for consumption. Titratable acidity ranged from 15.89 to 63.57 meq kg⁻¹, meeting regu-latory standards. Ash content varied from 0.15% to 0.86%, moisture from 75.11% to 83.58%, and phenolic compounds from 2.73 to 3.64 mg GA g⁻¹. Significant statistical differences were observed in all analyses, highlighting the nutritional and antioxidant potential of the pulp.

Conclusion:
Murici pulp samples showed low sugar and starch concentrations but high total acidity and antioxidant capacity (DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP). pH levels met legal standards, with significant variations due to ripeness and environmental factors. The study underscores murici's health benefits and quality variations influenced by environmental conditions and processing factors.

conclusion:
There were high values for antioxidant activity, all samples presented a pH value above the minimum value established by the equivalent legislation. In relation to soluble solids, only four samples obtained relatively low results, sugar analyzes demonstrated reduced values.
Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy for Acute Myocardial Infarction: Protocol for a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: DiCaro Michael Vincent , Yee Brianna , Lei KaChon , Batra Kavita , Dawn Buddhadeb 
Published: November 2024

Background
Medical therapy and interventional approaches have improved outcomes in patients with acute myocardial infarction (MI). However, these strategies are inadequate for replacing cells lost during tissue ischemia, thereby leaving behind noncontractile scar tissue. The anti-inflammatory and immune modulating properties of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) may prove useful in inducing functional cardiac regeneration following acute MI.

Objective
This is a protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis that will aggregate and synthesize high-level clinical data on the effects of MSC therapy for acute MI. The findings of this study may serve as evidence for clinicians and researchers in guiding the use of MSC therapy as an adjunct to reperfusion and optimal medical therapy in patients with acute MI.

Methods
The proposed systematic review is registered with PROSPERO (International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews). A systematic search of bibliographical databases, including Embase, PubMed, and Cochrane was conducted from inception to June 2023 to identify English-language human studies with adult patients receiving MSC therapy and optimal medical therapy for acute MI in comparison with respective controls. Article screening was performed using PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. Data on functional cardiac outcomes and major adverse cardiac events were extracted and analyzed as primary outcomes.

Results
Literature search and article screening commenced in June 2023. Data extraction and analysis will be completed by October 2024. The findings will be synthesized and reported by the end of November 2024.

Conclusions
This systematic review and meta-analysis will summarize the best available updated evidence from published randomized controlled trials on the effects of MSC therapy for the treatment of acute MI. The findings of this systematic review and meta-analysis may shed light on the efficacy of MSC therapy in improving cardiac functional and structural parameters and reducing adverse cardiac events following acute MI.

Trial Registration
PROSPERO CRD42024522398; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=522398

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
DERR1-10.2196/60591
Internet-Based Social Activities and Cognitive Functioning 2 Years Later Among Middle-Aged and Older Adults: Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Jeon Sangha , Charles Susan Turk 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
A number of studies document the benefits of face-to-face social interactions for cognitive functioning among middle-aged and older adults. Social activities in virtual worlds may confer similar if not enhanced cognitive benefits as face-to-face social activities, given that virtual interactions require the additional cognitive tasks of learning and navigating communicative tools and technology platforms. Yet, few studies have examined whether social activities in internet-based settings may have synergistic effects on cognitive functioning beyond those of face-to-face interactions.

Objective
This study examined whether internet-based social activity participation is associated with concurrent and later cognitive functioning, after adjusting for face-to-face social activity participation and sociodemographic covariates.

Methods
For cross-sectional analyses, we included 3650 adults aged 50 years and older who completed questions in the 2020 Health and Retirement Study about social activity participation, including specific internet-based social activities such as emailing or accessing social networks. Cognitive functioning was measured using the standardized cognitive tasks assessing working memory, episodic memory, and attention and processing speed. The longitudinal analyses included the 2034 participants who also completed follow-up cognitive assessments in 2022.

Results
Our results revealed that those with higher levels of internet-based social activity participation had higher levels of concurrent cognitive functioning than those with low levels of internet-based social activity participation, after adjusting for demographic and health-related factors and face-to-face social activity participation (b=0.44, SE 0.07; P<.001). More internet-based social activity participation also predicted better cognitive functioning 2 years later, even when adjusting for baseline cognitive functioning and other covariates (b=0.35, SE 0.09; P<.001).

Conclusions
Our findings suggest that greater engagement in internet-based social activities is associated with higher levels of concurrent cognitive functioning and slower cognitive decline in middle-aged and older adults.
Markets and the Spontaneous Emergence of Double-Entry Accounting: A Short Essay
Authors: Ball Ray 
Published: November 2024

SYNOPSIS
This brief essay advances the thesis that double-entry accounting is due to markets. It is the natural method of recording market transactions, which are exchanges and therefore have two sides to record: what is given up and what is received in exchange. There had been comparatively little market activity in the manorial system that prevailed in Europe during most of the Middle Ages. When peasants and serfs living on the manors had delivered money, grain, or services to their landlords, nothing had been given up coincidentally in exchange, so double-entry accounting would not have been appropriate. Consistent with the present thesis, the double-entry method did not emerge until the thirteenth century, in northern Italy, after goods and financial markets had expanded substantially and a merchant class had arisen. Double-entry accounting therefore has survived for centuries because active markets have survived for centuries.
JEL Classifications: B15; D23; D83; M40; M41.
When and Why Do Supervisors’ Evaluations Overweight Subordinates’ Performance Outcomes? Evidence from a Team Setting in the Field
Authors: Ferguson Patrick J. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT
To better understand supervisors’ outcome bias, I use a regression discontinuity design that compares coaches’ performance assessments of professional football players involved in narrow wins and losses. I document that supervisors over-react to negative outcomes, sharply lowering performance ratings and tripling subordinate turnover. I find that supervisors’ evaluations that subjectively incorporate information from more incomplete objective performance measures are more prone to outcome bias than those that draw on less incomplete objective measures. I also document that supervisors’ evaluations of high-performing team members are more prone to outcome bias than supervisors’ evaluations of low performers. Finally, I find that outcomes affect supervisors’ ex post information collection. My findings, consistent with predictions that I derive from the theory of cognitive reconstruction, shed light on supervisors’ outcome bias in team settings and how effectively firms’ use of objective performance measures, direct monitoring, and information gathering can mitigate this bias.
JEL Classifications: M50; D91; Z20.
Stage and Type of Male Breast Cancer Presented at Mankweng Academic Hospital from 2015-2023
Authors: Makhandule Fumani Charles , Bhuiyan Mirza Mohamod Zahir Uddin 
Published: November 2024

Background: Male breast cancer (MBC) is very uncommon, occurring less than 1% of all breast cancers, and has a worse survival rate compared with that of female patients. Clinical studies on male breast cancer have not been done frequently because of the rarity of the condition. The main aim of this study is to understand the profile of male breast cancer patients treated at Mankweng Hospital.
Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional descriptive quantitative design was adopted to analyze the profile of all patients with histologically confirmed male breast cancer from March 2015 to May 2023 in the Mankweng Breast Oncology clinic.
Results: A total of 17 patients with confirmed MBC were evaluated. Age range 23–80 years. The mean age is 62.5 years, with the majority (76%, 5%) being above the age of 50 years. Early-stage (0, I & II) comprised 6 (35%) and late-stage (III & IV) consisted of 11 (65%) patients. Invasive ductal carcinoma was 14 (82%), Colloid carcinoma 1, Papillary carcinoma 1 and Metastatic Adenocarcinoma 1. Molecular subtype: Luminal A: 7 (43.8%), Luminal B: 8 (50%) & Triple-negative: 1 (6.2%). ER Positive: 15 (93.7%), ER Negative: 1 (6.3%).
Conclusions: The majority (65%) of male breast cancer were diagnosed at an advanced stage, and 76.5% were over the age of 50 years. Invasive ductal carcinoma was the most (82%) common histological type of breast cancer, and the majority (93%) are oestrogen receptor positive in this study. There is a gap that needs to be filled in terms of public knowledge about male breast cancer. Breast cancer awareness campaigns are also important for men to prevent delayed presentation. Men over 50 years old who notice a change in their breasts should report promptly to a health facility for further assessment.
Between Adherence to Madhhab and Adaptation to Context: Fatwās on Female Leadership in Nahdlatul Ulama-Affiliated Islamic Higher Education Institutions
Authors: Hannan Nur , Huda M. Syamsul , Firdaus Mohamad Anang , Afabih Abdillah , Musthofa Yayan 
Published: November 2024

The issue of women in leadership has been a longstanding topic of debate among classical Islamic jurists, eliciting diverse responses from mainstream Islamic organizations in Indonesia. This article presents a comparative analysis of fatwās (Islamic legal opinions) issued by the Forum of Bahtsul Masail (FBM) at two Nahdlatul Ulama (NU)-affiliated Islamic higher education institutions: Ma’had Aly Hasyim Asy’ari Tebuireng, which prohibits female leadership, and Ma’had Aly Salafiyah Syafi’iyah Situbondo, which permits it. Through a combination of literature-based and empirical approaches, the article highlights a significant contrast in the istinbāṭ al-aḥkām (derivation of legal rulings) employed by these two FBMs. FBM Ma’had Aly Hasyim Asy’ari Tebuireng adopts the qawlī (literal) method, adhering to the majority views of classical Islamic jurists. In contrast, FBM Ma’had Aly Salafiyah Syafi’iyah Situbondo employs a manhājī (methodological) approach, incorporating minority opinions and reinterpreting texts within the context of modern societal changes. These contrasting fatwās reflect a broader tension between taqlīd (adherence to precedent) and adaptation to evolving social contexts. Furthermore, this article argues that the educational backgrounds of the FBM actors, as well as the curricula taught in their respective pesantren (Islamic boarding schools), contribute to the differences in fatwās. These differences reflect the internal dynamics within the fatwā production process in NU.
[Isu kepemimpinan perempuan telah lama menjadi topik perdebatan di kalangan ahli hukum Islam klasik yang telah memicu beragam respons di kalangan organisasi masyarakat Islam arus utama di Indonesia. Artikel ini menganalisis secara komparatif fatwa dari Forum Bahtsul Masail (FBM) di dua ma’had aly yang berafiliasi dengan Nahdlatul Ulama (NU): Ma’had Aly Hasyim Asy’ari Tebuireng, yang melarang perempuan menjadi pemimpin, dan Ma’had Aly Salafiyah Syafi’iyah Situbondo, yang memperbolehkannya. Artikel ini, dengan mengombinasikan pendekatan kepustakaan dan empiris, menemukan bahwa kedua FBM menggunakan metode penggalian hukum (istinbāṭ al-aḥkām) yang berbeda. FBM Ma’had Aly Hasyim Asy’ari Tebuireng menerapkan metode qawlī, merujuk pada pendapat mayoritas ulama fikih, sementara FBM Ma’had Aly Salafiyah Syafi’iyah Situbondo menggunakan metode manhājī, mengadopsi pendapat ulama minoritas dan melakukan interpretasi (ulang) terhadap teks. Perbedaan fatwa tersebut dipengaruhi oleh pendekatan yang berbeda antara taklid dalam bermazhab dan adaptasi terhadap perubahan sosial. Lebih jauh, artikel ini berargumentasi bahwa latar belakang pendidikan para aktor FBM, serta kurikulum yang diajarkan di masing-masing pesantren, berkontribusi pada perbedaan fatwa yang dihasilkan. Perbedaan-perbedaan ini mencerminkan dinamika internal dalam proses produksi fatwa di kalangan NU.]
Ecotoxicological effects and pollutant adsorption properties of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi–environmental nanocomposites
Authors: Deng Haotian 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) play a crucial role in soil ecosystems by significantly impacting their stability and functioning. This study aims to analyze the practical application of AMF by combining them with environmental nanomaterials (ENs) to create AMF–EN. This study investigated the ecotoxicological effects and pollutant adsorption properties of this material. From the biotoxicity experiments on the composite, it was determined that the growth rate of plant cells under the influence of the nanocomposite was 7.49%, notably surpassing that of titanium dioxide (TD) nanomaterials, which was estimated to be 5.58%. Additionally, the adsorption properties of AMF–ENs were examined. The results showed that the concentration of soil pollutants under the influence of AMF–TD nanocomplexes in the tested soils was 58.6 mg/g, which was significantly lower than that of TD nanomaterials. The outcomes demonstrate that the physiological toxicity and adsorption properties of environmental nanocomplexes with AMF have been optimized. Consequently, the combination of AMF and environmental nanocomplexes in the preparation can efficiently enhance the ecological effect of ENs.
Comparison of the quality of rail steel from the nineteenth century converter processes and the modern oxygen-converter process
Authors: Żak Sylwester , Ropka Tomasz 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This article presents the results of comparative tests for rails produced at the end of the nineteenth century using the steel production processes used at that time in relation to currently produced rails in the standard, not heat-treated R260 steel grade, and heat-treated high-hardness R350HT steel grade. Detailed results of steel quality assessment are presented, including oxide cleanness tests and macro- and microstructure analyses for each rail. The influence of the main elements on the morphology of the microstructure of individual rails is discussed, illustrating the description with numerous photos. An analysis of the chemical composition of each steel grade is provided, analysing the differences in the chemical composition of rails from different manufacturing processes. The results of hardness measurements in the rail head as an indicator of the rails’ abrasion resistance are also presented. The article also discusses the steel production processes used since the mid- nineteenth century, taking into account their positive and negative features in relation to the currently used steel production process.
Relationship Between Age and Condensed Tannin Content in the Bark of Two Forest Species Grown in Northeast Brazil
Authors: Azevedo Tatiane Kelly Barbosa de , Campos Débora Baiocchi Princivalli , Souza Diná Garcia de , Silva Elaine Cristina Alves da , Nascimento Paula Evanyn Pessoa do , Paiva Kayo Lucas Batista de , Souza Denys Santos de , Ucella-Filho João Gilberto Meza , Pimenta Alexandre Santos 
Published: November 2024

Objective: This research aimed to evaluate the influence of tree age on the condensed tannins content in the bark of two forest species.

Theoretical Framework: Tannins are phenolic compounds present in various parts of plants and have consolidated applications in the market. This way, silvicultural studies of different species with the potential to produce are relevant.

Method: Barks of Azadirachta indica at 5, 6, and 7 years and Mimosa caesalpiniaefolia at 6, 7, and 9 years were collected from an experimental plantation located in a forest area in Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. The barks were then air-dried and ground to obtain a material subjected to extraction. Total solids content, Stiasny index, and condensed tannin content were determined from the hot-water extracts.

Results and Discussion: The condensed tannins content in A. indica bark did not vary as tree age increased, while for M. caesalpiniaefolia, the most productive age was determined to be six years old.

Research Implications: The experimental approach showed that A. indica presented stable tannin content in the bark regardless of age, allowing continuous and flexible management to produce these extractives. In contrast, M. caesalpiniifolia presented condensed tannins, with their reactivity decreasing with age, indicating that younger trees are more suitable for high-quality extractions and commercial production.
Originality/Value: Tannins content in Azadirachta indica bark remains stable over time, facilitating continuous management and Mimosa caesalpiniifolia bark, the concentration of tannins is higher in younger trees.
Magnetic PDMS@SiO2/Fe3O4 composite friction layer material for enhanced triboelectric nanogenerator output performance
Authors: Zhang Shaojun , Yin Zhirao , Wang Tianshu , Sun Rui , Zhang Qianyong , Zhao Chun , Wang Youzhi , Wang Mingyu 
Published: November 2024

Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENG) have exhibited remarkable potential in harnessing stochastic low-frequency mechanical energy from oceanic surfaces, attributed to their versatile architectures and capability for extensive deployment. Nonetheless, the relatively modest power output per unit area remains a critical limitation impeding the advancement of TENG technology. Consequently, the innovation of novel material systems and devices to augment the output performance and efficiency of TENG is paramount in achieving effective ocean energy exploitation. In our study, a vertical contact PC-TENG was utilized as an energy harvester, incorporating magnetic nano-oxide particles to bolster the output efficiency of TENG. This investigation represents the inaugural application of SiO2 and Fe3O4 nanoparticles within PDMS negative friction layers. This strategy augments the specific surface area, improving the contact between the friction materials and enhancing charge transfer efficiency. Moreover, the magnetic properties of Fe3O4 facilitate charge separation on the material’s surface, culminating in an elevated voltage output. Comprehensive characterizations were conducted using SEM, FTIR, electrometer, and contact angle meter, while simulations were corroborated with COMSOL Multiphysics field simulation software. The output performance witnessed optimization through the incorporation of Fe3O4, culminating in a peak open-circuit voltage (VOC) of 85.1212 V, a maximum short-circuit current (ISC) of 8.4037 μA, and a maximum transferred charge (QSC) of 0.5638 nC, reflecting enhancements of 28%, 32%, and 27%, respectively, compared to conventional PDMS materials. The peak output power, achieved with an impedance match of 55 MΩ, was recorded at 19.03 mW, marking a 70.8% improvement in output performance. The findings revealed that the contact angle of PDMS@SiO2/Fe3O4 composites reached 100.092°, enhancing hydrophobicity by 8% relative to traditional PDMS materials, thereby rendering it more suitable for humid environments. COMSOL Multiphysics field simulation results further substantiated the viability of the PDMS@SiO2/Fe3O4 composite friction layer material for applications in oceanic wave environments. Ultimately, a rectifier bridge was introduced to convert the alternating current generated by the PC-TENG into a direct current. This research offers a novel paradigm for the utilization of TENG in the realm of marine energy.
Effectiveness of thalamotomy with Gamma Knife radiosurgery as a multitarget strategy in patients with complex trigeminal neuralgia
Authors: Leal-Isaza Juan Pablo , Molina-Romero Oscar Iván , Diez-Palma Juan Carlos , Fonnegra-Caballero Andrés , Hernández Andrés Segura , Ramirez-Melo Laura Daniela , Fonnegra-Pardo Julio Roberto 
Published: November 2024

Background:In the setting of refractory neuralgia or other complex facial pains, the intensity of the pain does not decrease despite medical and even surgical interventions. This report aims to describe the experience of an institution in the management of refractory trigeminal neuralgia and other complex facial pains with Gamma Knife radiosurgery (GKR), including thalamotomy as a multitarget strategy.Methods:We conducted a retrospective observational study. Data were obtained from 50 patients with complex trigeminal neuralgia treated with GKR, in whom the thalamus was included as a target. The Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and the Barrow Neurological Institute (BNI) scale were considered before treatment and at the follow-up. The Wilcoxon test was used to compare the VAS scores and the McNemar test for the BNI scale.Results:The mean age was 62.7 years (standard deviation = 16.3). The indications for management with thalamotomy were neuralgia refractory to medical management (68%), recurrent pain after previous rhizolysis with GKR (20%), atypical deafferentation-type pain in patients with radiofrequency background (10%), and anatomical deformation of the trigeminal nerve by a tumor (2%). Before treatment, all patients were classified as BNI V. At follow-up, a satisfactory response to treatment was described in 82.05% of cases (P= 0.001 McNemar). The median preoperative pain evaluated with VAS was 10 (interquartile range [IQR] = 10–10), while at follow-up, it was 6 (IQR = 1–7) (P= 0.001 Wilcoxon).Conclusion:The thalamus is a versatile, effective, and safe therapeutic target for ablative management in patients with complex facial pain.