bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhanced LoRaWAN performance through advanced spread factor allocation empowered by machine learning
Authors: Rao M Rajeswara , Sundar S 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In Wide Area Networks (WANs), optimal resource allocation is crucial for enhancing computational efficiency, particularly in Low Power Wide Area Networks (LPWANs). This work introduces a machine learning-based system to optimize data transfer rates while minimizing power consumption in LPWANs. The focus is on LoRa, a notable LPWAN technology for long-range communication and interference resilience. Existing LoRa networks experience performance degradation due to interference and congestion caused by the Internet of Things (IoT). To address this, advanced Spreading Factor (SF) allocation techniques are employed, using a metaheuristic optimization algorithm (Particle Swarm Optimization) and an ensemble machine learning algorithm based on gradient boosting (XGBoost), alongside Decision Tree Classifier (DTC) and Random Forest (RF). Simulation results reveal that these approaches significantly enhance Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR) and reduce transmit energy consumption across various distances, outperforming traditional SF schemes. The RF method, for instance, achieves up to 6.32% higher PDR and reduces energy consumption by up to 16.67% compared to the Lowest SF method. Additionally, these techniques improve throughput by up to 14.9% over classical methods. The study also examines the effects of gateways, network distance, and SF on PDR and energy utilization, demonstrating that the proposed methods adapt effectively to different network conditions. The findings highlight the potential of these advanced methods to enhance LoRa network performance, making them suitable for large-scale IoT deployments.
Philosophy as Descartes Found It
Authors: Copenhaver Brian 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
What was philosophy like before Descartes reformed it? What parts of philosophy did he reform, and what tools did he use? To answer such questions, how should philosophers do their work today? Some answers are surprising—that Descartes wrote picture books, for example. And some are challenging—that philosophers would do their work better by spending less time on philosophy as they commonly understand it. Philosophy changes for non-philosophical reasons that need philosophical attention, and oblivion impedes the contemporary study of philosophy’s past. Attending to those undervalued reasons will show how to repair the harm done by oblivion.
Implementation of a novel framework for hepatitis C diagnosis and treatment in an academic health system
Authors: Sheehan Lindsey P , Wright Maribeth P , Rhudy Christian , Osborne Thai , Platt Thom , Duckworth Deborah L 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Hepatitis C viral infection is a major public health concern and leading cause of chronic liver disease in the United States. Hepatitis C is primarily transmitted through blood exchange and is highly prevalent among people who inject drugs. Despite the availability of direct-acting antiviral (DAA) treatment, cost and barriers to access remain prohibitive for many patients.

Summary
In 2018, University of Kentucky HealthCare (UKHC) began a screening program for patients admitted to its emergency department (ED). Despite identifying hepatitis C RNA–positive patients, connection to care proved challenging due to unavailability of follow-up clinic appointments, communication barriers, and lack of insurance coverage. In 2023, UKHC implemented a pharmacist-led hepatitis C screening, assessment, and treatment initiative in the ED following American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases (AASLD) simplified treatment guidelines. Pharmacists order needed laboratory assessments and complete imaging for liver fibrosis in eligible patients. Patients diagnosed with hepatitis C who meet simplified treatment criteria are prescribed DAA therapy by a hepatitis C advanced practice provider employed by the program. The UKHC specialty pharmacy then follows up with dispensing of DAA therapy and proactive refill management for subsequent fills.

Conclusion
This holistic, interdisciplinary treatment model has allowed UKHC to increase treatment attachment rates for hepatitis C diagnoses in the ED from approximately 10% to 54%. This program has also reduced the median time to treatment of hepatitis C–infected individuals encountered in the ED from approximately 420 days to 17 days.
Mural nodules and prevalence of high-grade dysplasia in branch duct intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm of the pancreas undergoing resection
Authors: Lorenzo Diane , Aguilera Munoz Lina , Vedie Anne-Laure , Prat Frédéric , Dokmak Safi , Sauvanet Alain , Maire Frédérique , de Mestier Louis , Copin Pauline , Burgio Marco Dioguardi , Couvelard Anne , Haumaitre Cécile , Cros Jérôme , Rebours Vinciane 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
A mural module (MN) within a branch-duct intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (BD-IPMN) could be a potential target for local treatment. The main aim was to describe the location of the highest grade of dysplasia relative to the mural module to assess the relevance of local treatment.

Methods
Observational study of patients who underwent a pancreatic resection for suspected high-risk IPMN because of a mural module within a BD-IPMN (2012–2022). All patients had preoperative imaging confirming the enhancing mural module. The mural module was considered as a theoretical appropriate target for local destruction if no cancer or high-grade dysplasia (HGD) was described elsewhere than in the mural module.

Results
Eighty-two patients (male: 44 (54%); mean age: 65 ± 9.2 years) were included. The mean size of BD-IPMN containing the mural module was 32 ± 14.8 mm. The mural module mean diameter was 10.5 ± 5.6 mm, and the main pancreatic duct (MPD) mean diameter was 5.2 ± 3.6 mm. Six patients presented invasive carcinoma (7%), 37 had HGD (45%), and 39 (48%) had exclusively low-grade dysplasia. The mural module was dysplastic in 70 cases (85%). The mural module was considered a relevant target for local ablation in 45 patients (55%), whereas 37 patients (45%) had HGD/invasive carcinoma distant from the mural module. HGD was exclusively present in the mural module in 6/82 patients (7%). Factors independently associated with ‘relevant indication for local treatment’ were female gender (P = 0.004; OR = 5.2, 95% c.i. 1.7 to 15.9) and MPD &lt; 5 mm (P &lt; 0.0001; OR = 8.6, 95% c.i. 2.7 to 26.8).

Conclusion
In resected pancreata, BD-IPMN mural modules are associated with HGD distant from the mural module almost half of cases. The findings question the safety of local treatment, supporting pancreatectomy as the best approach.
Lexical markers of disordered speech in primary progressive aphasia and ‘Parkinson-plus’ disorders
Authors: Henderson Shalom K , Ramanan Siddharth , Patterson Karalyn E , Garrard Peter , Patel Nikil , Peterson Katie A , Halai Ajay , Cappa Stefano F , Rowe James B , Lambon Ralph Matthew A 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Connected speech samples elicited by a picture description task are widely used in the assessment of aphasias, but it is not clear what their interpretation should focus on. Although such samples are easy to collect, analyses of them tend to be time-consuming, inconsistently conducted and impractical for non-specialist settings. Here, we analysed connected speech samples from patients with the three variants of primary progressive aphasia (semantic, svPPA N = 9; logopenic, lvPPA N = 9; and non-fluent, nfvPPA N = 9), progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP Richardson’s syndrome N = 10), corticobasal syndrome (CBS N = 13) and age-matched healthy controls (N = 24). There were three principal aims: (i) to determine the differences in quantitative language output and psycholinguistic properties of words produced by patients and controls, (ii) to identify the neural correlates of connected speech measures and (iii) to develop a simple clinical measurement tool. Using data-driven methods, we optimized a 15-word checklist for use with the Boston Diagnostic Aphasia Examination ‘cookie theft’ and Mini Linguistic State Examination ‘beach scene’ pictures and tested the predictive validity of outputs from least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) models using an independent clinical sample from a second site. The total language output was significantly reduced in patients with nfvPPA, PSP and CBS relative to those with svPPA and controls. The speech of patients with lvPPA and svPPA contained a disproportionately greater number of words of both high frequency and high semantic diversity. Results from our exploratory voxel-based morphometry analyses across the whole group revealed correlations between grey matter volume in (i) bilateral frontal lobes with overall language output, (ii) the left frontal and superior temporal regions with speech complexity, (iii) bilateral frontotemporal regions with phonology and (iv) bilateral cingulate and subcortical regions with age of acquisition. With the 15-word checklists, the LASSO models showed excellent accuracy for within-sample k-fold classification (over 93%) and out-of-sample validation (over 90%) between patients and controls. Between the motor disorders (nfvPPA, PSP and CBS) and lexico-semantic groups (svPPA and lvPPA), the LASSO models showed excellent accuracy for within-sample k-fold classification (88–92%) and moderately good (59–74%) differentiation for out-of-sample validation. In conclusion, we propose that a simple 15-word checklist provides a suitable screening test to identify people with progressive aphasia, while further specialist assessment is needed to differentiate accurately some groups (e.g. svPPA versus lvPPA and PSP versus nfvPPA).
CCE under nonrandom heterogeneity
Authors: Kaddoura Yousef , Westerlund Joakim 
Published: November 2024

Summary
In panel data regression models, it is often not reasonable to expect all cross-sectional units to have identical responses to explanatory variables, or that all relevant variables have been properly accounted for. These concerns have recently motivated the use of interactive effects models with heterogeneous slopes. The workhorse of this literature is the common correlated effects approach, which assumes that both effects and slopes are randomly distributed. The current paper argues that the restrictions implied by this assumption are likely unreasonable in many applications, and that there is a need to allow for nonrandom heterogeneity.
Heart failure of very rare aetiology—haemochromatosis Type 3: a case report
Authors: Montvilaitė-Laurinavičienė Aistė , Dirsienė Rūta , Neverauskaitė-Piliponienė Gintarė , Banišauskaitė Audra , Šukys Marius , Šakalytė Gintarė , Ereminienė Eglė 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Haemochromatosis is a pathological condition characterized by the accumulation of iron in parenchymal organs, leading to toxic damage and dysfunction. Cardiac haemochromatosis represents one of the rare causes of severe heart failure (HF) that can be potentially prevented with targeted treatment.

Case Summary
We present the case of a 41-year-old female who was hospitalized for decompensated HF. Echocardiography revealed severe systolic dysfunction with a phenotype of dilated cardiomyopathy, accompanied by secondary moderate mitral regurgitation and severe tricuspid regurgitation (TR). To differentiate potential causes of HF, coronary angiography, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and endomyocardial biopsy were performed. Based on clinical findings, laboratory results, cardiac MRI, and endomyocardial biopsy data, a diagnosis of haemochromatosis was confirmed, and mutations in the TFR2 gene, responsible for haemochromatosis Type 3, were identified. The patient was treated in accordance with the latest European Society of Cardiology HF guidelines, and specific treatment for haemochromatosis, including therapeutic phlebotomy and iron chelation therapy, was initiated, resulting in a significant positive outcome.

Discussion
Investigating the aetiology of HF is essential, as even rare causes can be identified, and specific treatments are available that significantly improve prognosis and survival.
Assessment of co-resistance to antibiotics recommended for acute pyelonephritis among Escherichia coli clinical strains from community- and nursing home–acquired urinary tract infections
Authors: Leroy Anne-Gaëlle , Lemenand Olivier , Thibaut Sonia , Coeffic Thomas , Chauveau Marie , Lesprit Philippe , Caillon Jocelyne , Boutoille David , Birgand Gabriel ,   French Clinical Laboratories Nationwide Network, Vrain A , Andorin P , Besson J , Maillet F , de Gastines G , Léonard P-Y , Guery M , Plong V , Le Moing N , Kerdavid F , Reinhard A-S , Gillard S , Guesnon B , Gestin B , Banctel H , Laforest D , Pradier E , Arsene S , Holstein A , Bouvet D , Dubet B , Laudignon C , Jobert E , Gebeile R , Poyet S , Deleglise G , Lecordier N , Fougnot S , Grandsire E , Rault J-P , Defrance G , Cadenet J , Libier L , Touzalin A , Allery A , Valade H , Payro G , Boraud D , Parisi E , Alluin F , Bayette J , Aran M-F , Stevenin P , François A , Gay G , Duquesnoy O , Sainte Rose V , Dos Santos F , Desjardins A , Paolini M-C , Marchenay P , Berger-Carbonne Anne , Maugat Sylvie 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Objectives
This study aimed to assess the frequency of co-resistance to antibiotics recommended in acute pyelonephritis among Escherichia coli clinical strains isolated from urinary tract infections (UTIs) acquired in community or nursing homes (NHs), and to identify situations without alternatives to fluoroquinolones (FQs).

Methods
All antimicrobial susceptibility test (AST) results of E. coli culture-positive urine samples from females living in the community or in NHs, collected through a large network of clinical laboratories in 2020 in France, were included. The percentages of strains resistant to amoxicillin alone or combined with a resistance to one to four alternatives among amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, cefixime and FQs were calculated and compared between age categories and settings.

Results
Among 291 367 E. coli strains from community-acquired UTIs, 60.3% were susceptible to amoxicillin (&lt;65-year-olds: 61.8% versus ≥65-year-olds: 58.8%; P &lt; 0.001), and 99.1% to oral alternatives to FQs. Co-resistance to amoxicillin and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole was higher among females ≥65 years old versus &lt;65 years old (7.1% versus 6.1%; P &lt; 0.01), as well as co-resistance to amoxicillin, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (8.6% versus 10%; P &lt; 0.001). Among 11 340 strains from NH UTIs, 51.2% were susceptible to amoxicillin, and 98% to oral alternatives to FQs. Co-resistance to amoxicillin, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid and/or cefixime was higher in isolates from females ≥65 years old living in NHs versus in the community (respectively 11.9% versus 15.3%, P &lt; 0.001; 0.8% versus 2.8%, P &lt; 0.01; 1.7% versus 4.4%, P &lt; 0.01).

Conclusions
Based on AST results, prescribing oral alternatives to FQs for females may be possible in ≥99% of E. coli acute pyelonephritis cases in the community, and ≥98% in NHs.
‘It’s Me, Hi, I’m The Problem, It’s Me’: Re-recording as an alternative to statutory copyright reversion
Authors: Yuvaraj Joshua 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This article examines re-recording of music as a way for artists to better capitalize on the popularity of their music. It does so in the context of Taylor Swift’s wild success re-recording her albums following a dispute over the ownership of her original master recordings. It considers how re-recording can better protect authors against unduly imbalanced contracting dynamics with record companies than the main mechanism for doing so in copyright law, statutory reversion (where the law allows creators to reclaim assigned or licensed copyright outside the bounds of contracts). The article interrogates common law reversion schemes in the context of sound recordings, with a special focus on the USA’s copyright ‘termination’ scheme (allowing creators to reclaim copyright after around 35 years). It then shows how re-recording may bypass reversion’s problems, though re-recording carries significant risks that make its future uncertain, and which authors should be aware of.
Application of Kaluza–Klein theory in modelling compact stars: exploring extra dimensions
Authors: Horváth Anna , Forgács-Dajka Emese , Barnaföldi Gergely Gábor 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT
A theoretical framework for calculating the mass–radius curve of compact stars in the Kaluza–Klein space–time is introduced, with one additional compact spatial dimension. Static, spherically symmetric solutions are considered, with the equation of state provided by a zero temperature, interacting multidimensional Fermi gas. To model the strong force between baryons, a repulsive potential is introduced, which is linear in the particle number density. The maximal mass of compact stars is calculated for different model parameters, and with a physical parameter choice, it satisfies observational data, meaning that it is possible to model simple, realistic objects within this framework. Based on this comparison, a limiting size for the observational regime of extra dimensions in compact stars is provided, with $r_\mathrm{c} \gtrsim 0.2$ fm.
The threshold for pulsar radio emission is determined by the Goldreich–Julian charge density
Authors: Jones P B 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT
A recent phenomenological study of radio emission from normal and millisecond pulsars by Karastergiou et al. has lead these authors to state that they are unable to exclude a common physics process as the source although the rotation periods and magnetic fields of these two classes are very different. This has bearing on the nature of that source and it is the purpose of the present Letter to explore this problem further, specifically, for the ion–proton model and for all those models that assume electron–positron pair creation above the polar cap. The ion–proton model satisfies this commonality and we briefly mention some consequences of this finding.
10001- ANGI-1 TRIAL OF MULTI-OMICS ANALYSES USING PAIRED SAMPLES FROM NEWLY DIAGNOSED AND RECURRENT GLIOBLASTOMAS DURING BEVACIZUMAB THERAPY
Authors: Tanaka Toshihide , Iwauchi Ai , Fukasawa Nei , Takei Jun , Teshigawara Akihiko , Tomoto Kyoichi , Yamamoto Yohei , Hasegawa Yuzuru , Akasaki Yasuharu , Shimoda Masayuki , Murayama Yuichi 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

BACKGROUND
We explored multi-omics analyses using surgical samples obtained from patients received preoperative neoadjuvant bevacizumab therapy (neoBev) for newly diagnosed glioblastoma (nGBM) and its recurrence (rGBM).

MATERIALS AND METHODS
Of all eight surgical samples from two cases treated by neoBev and two cases without preoperative Bev therapy (naiveBev) at nGBM and rGBM were analysed.

RESULTS
Compared with naiveBev, expression levels of VEGF, HIF-1 alpha, FOXM1 in neoBev were downregulated, whereas CD163 was upregulated. By comparison between long and short overall survival (OS), Foxp3/CD8 ratio and FOXM1 were decreased in long OS. The transcriptional factor induced under hypoxia was significantly elevated in naiveBev with long OS.

DISCUSSIONS AND CONCLUSIONS
Analyses by space multi-omics provided novel findings correlated with specific gene expressions and anatomical location focused on tumor microenvironment, which might be quite useful to comprehend the mechanism of effectiveness and resistance of targeted therapies including antiangiogenic or immunotherapies. But problems were listed as follows; cumbersome interpretation of huge amount of information for which might be essential of co-operation by skillful bioinformaticians, and huge amount of cost. Those problems especially for cost-effectiveness should be solved for the development of this field of clinical and basic research.
10168- GEN-11 GENETIC ANALYSIS OF PRIMARY BREAST CANCER TUMORS AND BRAIN METASTASIS TUMORS WITH RNA-SEQ
Authors: Sakakibara Ayaka , Kaneko Masayo , Shirahata Mitsuaki , Sato Tetsuya , Yasuda Masanori , Osaki Akihiko , Mishima Kazuhiko 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women; brain metastasis is a marked cause of mortality. Recent genomic studies have identified distinct genetic profiles in brain metastases, suggesting unique mechanisms underlying treatment resistance. This study aimed to compare gene expression in primary breast tumors and the corresponding brain metastases to identify potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets.

METHODS
Eight paired samples of primary breast tumors and brain metastases from patients who developed brain metastases after radical mastectomy were analyzed. RNA sequencing was used to comprehensively assess gene expression differences between the two tumor types.

RESULTS
RNA sequencing revealed 391 downregulated and 474 upregulated genes in brain metastases compared to primary tumors. Gene set enrichment analysis revealed that epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-associated genes (SPP, GREM1, and MMP3) were upregulated in primary breast tumors. Conversely, reactive oxygen species (ROS)-related genes (GPX4 and PRDX family members) were upregulated in brain metastases.

CONCLUSION
High expression of EMT-related genes in primary tumors indicates that these tumors prepare for metastasis by inducing EMT during radical resection, enabling tumors to invade the surrounding tissues and metastasize to distant organs. Additionally, ROS-related genes are highly expressed in metastatic brain tumors, suggesting that these genes contribute to tumor enhancement at the metastatic site. These findings could aid in development of biomarkers for predicting brain metastasis and for identifying novel therapeutic targets. In future, we aim to analyze tumor localization and functions of these gene products.