bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Validation of exercise testing and laryngeal auscultation for grading brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome in pugs, French bulldogs, and English bulldogs by using whole‐body barometric plethysmography
Authors: Riggs Julia , Liu Nai‐Chieh , Sutton Dawn R. , Sargan David , Ladlow Jane F. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo determine whether the sensitivity of clinical examination for assessing upper airway disease severity in 3 breeds of brachycephalic dogs can be improved by incorporating an exercise test (ET) or by auscultation of a laryngeal stridor to predict laryngeal collapse.Study designProspective clinical study.AnimalsClient‐owned brachycephalic dogs (n = 44 ET; n = 57 laryngeal stridor assessment).MethodsIn the first part of the study, clinical examinations were performed at rest and after 5‐minute walk and 3‐minute trot tests, and a grade reflective of brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome (BOAS) severity was assigned. Whole‐body barometric plethysmography was used as a comparative, objective measure of disease severity. In the second part of the study, the degree of laryngeal collapse present in dogs undergoing BOAS surgery was compared to pre‐exercise and postexercise laryngeal stridor detected during functional testing.ResultsThe sensitivity of clinical examination for BOAS diagnosis was 56.7% pre‐ET, 70% after a 5‐minute walk test, and 93.3% after a 3‐minute trot test. The sensitivity of laryngeal stridor as a predictor of laryngeal collapse was improved after exercise (70%) compared with before exercise (60%). Specificity of laryngeal stridor for laryngeal collapse was 100% (pre‐exercise and postexercise).ConclusionThe sensitivity of clinical examination for BOAS diagnosis was improved by inclusion of an ET, particularly the 3‐minute trot test. Audible laryngeal stridor was highly specific but only moderately sensitive for laryngeal collapse.Clinical significanceInclusion of a 3‐minute trot test and careful auscultation for laryngeal stridor are recommended during BOAS assessment of brachycephalic dogs.
Influence of significant others on work participation of individuals with chronic diseases: a systematic review
Authors: Snippen Nicole C , de Vries Haitze J , van der Burg-Vermeulen Sylvia J , Hagedoorn Mariët , Brouwer Sandra 
Published: January 2019

ObjectiveIt is widely recognised that significant others (SOs), such as a partner, family member or friend, can influence health outcomes of individuals with a chronic disease. However, not much is known about which specific cognitions (ie, illness perceptions and expectation of work ability) and behaviours (eg, emotional and practical support) of SOs influence work participation. Therefore, we aimed to identify cognitions and behaviours of SOs that are related to work participation of individuals with a chronic disease.DesignA systematic review and thematic synthesis.Data sourcesPubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, SocINDEX and Web of Science were searched until 28 March 2017.Eligibility criteria for selecting studiesWe included studies reporting on cognitions and behaviours of SOs related to work participation in populations with various chronic diseases.Data extraction and synthesisTwo independent reviewers extracted the data and performed a quality assessment using the Quality Assessment Tool for Quantitative Studies from the Effective Public Health Practice Project 2007 and a checklist for assessment of qualitative studies derived from the Cochrane Supplemental Handbook Guidance. Evidence was thematically synthesised.ResultsOut of 5168 articles, 18 were included (15 qualitative and 3 quantitative) of moderate to high quality. Studies were on cancer, chronic pain, brain injuries and mental health disorders. After thematic synthesis 27 factors could be distinguished. Consistent evidence was found that SOs’ positive and encouraging attitudes regarding work participation, encouragement and motivating behaviour and open communication with patients are facilitators for work participation. Consistently reported barriers were SOs’ positive attitudes towards sickness absence and advise, encouragement or pressure to refrain from work.ConclusionsOur findings show that several cognitions and behaviours of SOs can facilitate or hinder work participation of individuals with a chronic disease. Intervening on these factors by involving SOs in disability prevention and return to work intervention strategies may be beneficial. More prognostic studies are needed, as the current evidence is mostly based on qualitative studies.
Cohort profile: the SHoT-study, a national health and well-being survey of Norwegian university students
Authors: Sivertsen Børge , Råkil Hege , Munkvik Espen , Lønning Kari Jussie 
Published: January 2019

PurposeThe SHoT study was set up as a national student health survey for higher education in Norway, conducted at 4-year intervals. The dataset comprises a wide range of self-reported data covering information on mental and physical health, quality of life, health-related behaviours as well as more specific study-related information.ParticipantsThe SHoT studies conducted so far in 2010, 2014 and 2018, included 6053, 13 525 and 50 054 fulltime students (aged 18–35), respectively.Findings to dateThe main results from the first two waves have been published in three comprehensive Norwegian reports, with the most important finding being an increase in mental health problems (HSCL-score ≥2.0) among Norwegian college students from 2010 (16%) to 2014 (21%) to 2018 (29%).Future plansThe next SHoT study will be conducted in 2022, 2026 and so on. Starting from 2018-study, the survey data can also be linked to several national registers.
Systematic review protocol examining the effectiveness of hospital clowns for symptom cluster management in paediatrics
Authors: Lopes-Júnior Luís Carlos , Lima Regina Aparecida Garcia , Olson Karin , Bomfim Emiliana , Neves Eliane Tatsch , Silveira Denise Sayuri Calheiros da , Nunes Michelle Darezzo Rodrigues , Nascimento Lucila Castanheira , Pereira-da-Silva Gabriela 
Published: January 2019

IntroductionClown intervention may playing an important complementary role in paediatric care and recovery. However, data on its utility for symptom cluster management of hospitalised children and adolescents in acute and chronic disorders are yet to be critically evaluated. As clinicians strive to minimise the psychological burden during hospitalisation, it is important that they are aware of the scientific evidences available regarding clown intervention for symptom management. We aim to provide quality evidence for the effectiveness of clown intervention on symptom cluster management in paediatric inpatients, both in acute and chronic conditions.Methods and analysisA systematic review of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and non-randomised controlled trials (NRCTs) will be conducted. MEDLINE, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Science Direct, PsycINFO, CINAHL, LILACS and SciELO databases will be searched from January 2000 to December 2018. Primary outcomes will include measures related with the effect of clown intervention on symptom cluster of paediatric inpatients (anxiety, depression, pain, fatigue, stress and psychological, emotional responses and perceived well-being). Study selection will follow the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, and the methodological appraisal of the studies will be assessed by the Jadad Scale as well as Cochrane Risk-of-Bias Tool for RCTs, and Risk-of-Bias In Non-Randomized Studies Tool for NRCTs. A narrative synthesis will be conducted for all included studies. Also, if sufficient data are available, a meta-analysis will be conducted. The effect sizes will be generated using Hedges’ g score for both fixed and random effect models. I2statistics will be used to assess heterogeneity and identify their potential sources.Ethics and disseminationAs it will be a systematic review, without human beings involvement, there will be no requirement for ethical approval. Findings will be disseminated widely through peer-reviewed publication and in various media, for example, conferences, congresses or symposia.Trial registration numberCRD42018107099.
Vitamin B12deficiency and hyperhomocysteinaemia in outpatients with stroke or transient ischaemic attack: a cohort study at an academic medical centre
Authors: Ahmed Shamon , Bogiatzi Chrysi , Hackam Daniel G , Rutledge Angela C , Sposato Luciano A , Khaw Alexander , Mandzia Jennifer , Azarpazhoo Mahmoud Reza , Hachinski Vladimir , Spence J David 
Published: January 2019

ObjectiveWe sought to assess the current magnitude of the opportunity for secondary stroke prevention with B vitamins.DesignA cohort study.SettingThe Urgent TIA (Transient Ischaemic Attack) Clinic at an academic medical centre.Main outcome measuresWe assessed the prevalence of biochemical vitamin B12deficiency (B12Def, serum B12<156 pmol/L), hyperhomocysteinaemia (HHcy; plasma total homocysteine [tHcy] >14 µmol/L) and metabolic B12deficiency (MetB12Def, serum B12<258 pmol/L and HHcy) between 2002 and 2017, by age group and by stroke subtype.ResultsData were available in 4055 patients. B12Def was present in 8.2% of patients overall; it declined from 10.9% of patients referred before 2009 to 5.4% thereafter (p=0.0001). MetB12Def was present in 10.6% of patients, and HHcy was present in 19.1% of patients. Among the patients aged ≥80 years, MetB12Def was present in 18.1% and HHcy in 35%. Among the 3410 patients whose stroke subtype was determined, HHcy was present in 18.4% of patients: 23.3% of large artery atherosclerosis, 18.1% of cardioembolic, 16.3% of small vessel disease, 10.8% of other unusual aetiologies and 13.6% of undetermined subtypes (p=0.0001).ConclusionsDespite a decline in our referral area since 2009, B12Def, MetB12Def and HHcy remain common in patients with stroke/TIA. Because these conditions are easily treated and have serious consequences, all patients with stroke/TIA should have their serum B12and tHcy measured.
Patient-reported complications related to peripherally inserted central catheters: a multicentre prospective cohort study
Authors: Krein Sarah L , Saint Sanjay , Trautner Barbara W , Kuhn Latoya , Colozzi John , Ratz David , Lescinskas Erica , Chopra Vineet 
Published: January 2019

ObjectivePeripherally inserted central catheters (PICC) are frequently used to deliver medical therapies, but our knowledge regarding PICC-related complications remains incomplete. The objective of this study was to systematically elicit and characterise PICC-related complications as experienced by patients during and after hospitalisation.DesignProspective cohort study.SettingInpatient medical units at four US hospitals in two states.ParticipantsConsecutive sample of patients who had a new PICC placed during a hospital stay between August 2015 and May 2017.Main outcome(s)Patient-reported signs and symptoms of a possible PICC-related complication or functional issues.ResultsOf the 438 patients in the analytic cohort (91.4% of those consented), two-thirds were male with a mean age of 56 years. The most common reason for PICC placement was long-term antibiotic therapy (43.4%). During the 70-day follow-up period, 61.4% of patients reported signs of at least one complication, including potentially serious complications, such as bloodstream infection (17.6%) and deep vein thrombosis (30.6%). Correspondence of these reported events with medical record documentation of the complication was generally low. More than one-quarter (27.9%) of patients reported minor complications, such as insertion site redness, discomfort or difficult removal. While the PICC was in place, 26.0% reported restrictions in activities of daily living, 14.4% social activity restrictions and 19.2% had difficulty with flushing or operating the PICC.ConclusionOver 60% of patients report signs or symptoms of a possible complication or adverse effect after PICC placement. Bothersome complications from the patient perspective are clearly more common than those that typically rise to the level of healthcare provider attention or concern. Understanding the patient experience is critical for providing safe and effective care.
Impact of a youth-led social marketing intervention run by adolescents to encourage healthy lifestyles among younger school peers (EYTO-Kids project): a parallel-cluster randomised controlled pilot study
Authors: Tarro Lucia , Llauradó Elisabet , Aceves-Martins Magaly , Moriña David , Papell-Garcia Ignasi , Arola Lluis , Giralt Montse , Solà Rosa 
Published: January 2019

BackgroundEncouraging healthy lifestyles in children is a challenge. This project aimed to improve lifestyles of younger peers by engaging adolescent creators (ACs) to design and implement peer-led and social marketing (SM) health-promoting activities.MethodsA 10-month parallel-cluster randomised controlled school-based pilot study was performed in disadvantaged neighbourhoods in Reus (Spain) spanning two academic years (2015–2016/2016–2017). Eight primary schools (n=375 children) and four high schools (n=94ACs) were randomly placed in the intervention group. The 94 ACs (12–14 years) designed and implemented four SM activities for their younger peers (9–11 years). Eight primary schools (n=327 children) and three high schools (n=98 adolescents) served as the control group and received no intervention. Primary (physical activity and fruit consumption) and secondary outcomes (screen time, vegetables, soft drinks, sweets and fast food consumptions) were assessed with validated questionnaires at baseline and at the end of the study.ResultsAfter 10 months, fruit consumption and physical activity were maintained in the children who consumed ≥1 fruit/day and spent ≥6 hours/week physical activity. However, compared with the controls, the intervention significantly increased the physical activity of girls to 15.6 min/week, whereas the percentage of girls who consumed sweets, soft drinks and fast food decreased significantly by 8.4%, 14.5% and 5.9%, respectively. Additionally, the percentage of ≥2 hour/weekday of screen time by boys decreased significantly by 8.2%.ConclusionThe European Youth Tackling Obesity-Kids, SM and peer-led intervention, effectively increased physical activity hours/week in girls, but was not effective in improving the percentage of children who consumed the recommended fruit. Moreover, the percentages of girls who consumed sweets, soft drinks and fast food and boys screen time decreased.Trial registration numberNCT02702336; Pre-results.
Hippocampal subfield atrophy of CA1 and subicular structures predict progression to dementia in idiopathic Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Low Audrey , Foo Heidi , Yong Ting Ting , Tan Louis C S , Kandiah Nagaendran 
Published: January 2019

BackgroundGlobal hippocampal atrophy is a hallmark of Alzheimer’s dementia and has been similarly reported in Parkinson’s disease dementia (PDD). However, there is limited literature on the differential involvement of hippocampal subfields in predicting conversion to PDD. This study is an extension of previous findings on progression to mild cognitive impairment in Parkinson’s disease (PD).MethodsThis cohort study recruited 73 non-demented participants with idiopathic PD (age 65.80±8.17, 75.3% male) from an outpatient neurology clinic. All participants underwent clinical assessment, neuropsychological testing and 3T MRI scans at baseline and 18 months while on prescribed dopaminergic medication. Hippocampal subfield volumes were obtained using automatic segmentation in FreeSurfer V.6.0. Participants who progressed to PDD and those who did not were compared on hippocampal subfield atrophy and cognitive change (episodic memory, attention, executive functions, language, visuospatial abilities). Subfields were further examined for their abilities to predict PDD conversion and distinguish PDD from non-demented PD using receiver operating characteristic analysis.ResultsSmaller baseline global hippocampal volume, cornu ammonis (CA) subfield CA1, subiculum and presubiculum volumes were observed in participants who went on to develop dementia, and predicted PDD conversion. Those who progressed to PDD saw greater decline in global hippocampal volume, granule cell layer of the dentate gyrus, presubiculum, parasubiculum and fimbria. Decline in subiculum and fimbria volume corresponded to cognitive decline in attention and executive functions, respectively.ConclusionsEarly atrophy of CA1, subiculum and presubiculum preceded, and predicted, PDD conversion. Differential patterns of subfield atrophy were also observed among those who progressed to PDD and were associated with impaired executive functions.
Primary membranous nephropathy: comprehensive review and historical perspective
Authors: Keri Krishna C , Blumenthal Samuel , Kulkarni Varsha , Beck Laurence , Chongkrairatanakul Tepsiri 
Published: January 2019

AbstractMembranous nephropathy (MN) is the most common cause of nephrotic syndrome in non-diabetic Caucasian adults over 40 years of age. It has an estimated incidence of 8–10 cases per 1 million. Fifty per cent of patients diagnosed with primary MN continue to have nephrotic syndrome and 30% of patients may progress to end-stage renal disease over 10 years. Although it was recognised as a distinct clinic-pathological entity in 1940s by immunofluorescence and electron microscopy, the pathogenesis and treatment have become more apparent only in the last decade. Discovery of M-type phospholipase A2 receptor (PLA2R) antibodies and thrombospondin type 1 domain-containing 7A antibodies has given new perspectives in understanding the pathogenesis of the disease process. Anti-PLA2R antibody is the first serologic marker that has promising evidence to be used as a tool to prognosticate the course of the disease. More importantly, therapeutic agents such as rituximab and adrenocorticotropic hormone analogues are the newer therapeutic options that should be considered in the therapy of primary MN.
A Novel Study on Bipolar High Voltage Direct Current Transmission Lines Protection Schemes
Authors: Agarwal Shobha , Panigrahi C. K. , Sahoo Aishwarya , Mishra Sanitha 
Published: January 2019

<p><span>In long dc transmission lines identification of fault is important for transferring a large amount of power. In bipolar </span><span lang="EN-GB">Line commutated converter transmission lines </span><span>are subjected to harsh weather condition so accurate and rapid clearance of fault is essential. A comparative study of the bipolar system with both converters healthy and one converter tripped is studied. Most of the research paper has focussed on transmission line faults in bipolar mode but none of them had focussed when HVDC system works in monopolar mode after the fault. In the proposed scheme the voltage signals are extracted from both poles of the rectifier ends and are processed to identify the faults in transmission lines.The Artificial neural network is utilised in detecting the fault in both bipolar and monopolar system. Since it can identify the relationship between input and output data to detect the fault pattern it can be utilised under all conditions. Moreover, benefits of the proposed method are its accuracy, no requirement of the communication system as it acquires data from one end and has a reach setting of 99%.</span></p>
Joint Routing and Congestion Control in Multipath Channel based on Signal to Noise Ratio with Cross Layer Scheme
Authors: Istikmal Istikmal , Kurniawan Adit , Hendrawan Hendrawan 
Published: January 2019

Routing protocol and congestion control in Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) have important roles in wireless mobile network performance. In wireless communication, the stability of the path and successful data transmission will be influenced by the channel condition. This channel condition constraints come from path loss and the multipath channel fading. With these constraints, the algorithm in the routing protocol and congestion control is confronted with the uncertainty of connection quality and probability of successful packet transmission, respectively. It is important to investigate the reliability and robustness of routing protocol and congestion control algorithms in dealing with such situation. In this paper, we develop a detailed approach and analytical throughput performance with a cross layer scheme (CLS) between routing and congestion control mechanism based on signal to noise ratio (SNR) in Rician and Rayleigh as multipath fading channel. We proposed joint routing and congestion control TCP with a cross layer scheme model based on SNR (RTCP-SNR). We compare the performance of RTCP-SNR with conventional routing-TCP and routing-TCP that used CLS with routing aware (RTCP-RA) model. The analyses and the simulation results showed that RTCP-SNR in a multipath channel outperforms conventional routing-TCP and RTCP-RA.
Services Modeling based on SOA and BPM for Information System Flexibility Improvement
Authors: Fajar Ahmad Nurul , Legowo Nilo 
Published: January 2019

The lack of identify services mechanism which is related to the development of information systems could be impact in wasting time, over budget and can not adapt to the changing environment. This phenomenon is happened by the belief that lack of capturing user requirement. This is due to consider the business environment is always running normally. In fact, the development of the system needs a way to anticipate the business environment that unpredictable changes.Therefore, the phenomenon on the need for modeling services can able to respond to the changing needs of users still have a chancein this study. It explores modeling services to synergize SOA and BPM.Several previous studies generally use a business driven approach, technical partially driven to develop the service modeling. This leads to the question of how a service should be modeled so that it can be applied in different contexts and business processes also. It is support user needs in diversity and heterogeneous system environments. This Conditions occurs in corporate university. The case studies in this research is a Learning Management System (LMS) in Academic Enterprise System (EAS). The research stages are: (1) Analysis of Synergy in SOA and BPM, (2) Analysis of User Experience in LMS Academic Enterprise System (L-EAS), <br /> (3) Analysis of Modeling Framework, (4) Proposed Framework that aligning SOA and BPM. The result of this study is proposed system framework based on services to increase the flexibility of information systems at LMS Academic Enterprise System (L-EAS).
Scattering Regimes for Underwater Optical Wireless Communications using Monte Carlo Simulation
Authors: Jasman F. , Zaiton A. M. , Ahmad Z. , Rihawi Z. 
Published: January 2019

<span>Optical wireless communications has shown tremendous potential for underwater applications as it can provide higher bandwidth and better security compared to acoustic technologies. In this paper, an investigation on scattering regimes for underwater links using Monte Carlo simulation has been presented.While the focus of this paper is on diffuse links, the simulation results of collimated links is also provided for comparison purpose. Three types of water namely clear, coastal and turbid water are being used in the simulation. It is shown that the effect of scattering on the path loss cannot be accurately modeled by the existing channel model; ie. Beers-Lambert (BL) law. It has been shown that the distance at which the unscattered light drops to zero can be used to estimate the transition point for the scattering regimes in case of diffuse links. The transition point for diffuse links in coastal water and turbid water can be estimated to be around 22 m and 4 m respectively. Further analysis on the scattering order probability at different scattering regimes illustrates how scattering is affected by beam size, water turbidity and distance. From the frequency response plot, it is estimated that the bandwidth of several order of GHz can be achieved when the links are operating in the minimal scattering region and will reduce to several hundreds of MHz when the link is operating in multiple scattering region.</span>