bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nitrogen dioxide and formaldehyde measurements from the GEOstationary Coastal and Air Pollution Events (GEO-CAPE) Airborne Simulator over Houston, Texas
Authors: Nowlan Caroline R. , Liu Xiong , Janz Scott J. , Kowalewski Matthew G. , Chance Kelly , Follette-Cook Melanie B. , Fried Alan , González Abad Gonzalo , Herman Jay R. , Judd Laura M. , Kwon Hyeong-Ahn , Loughner Christopher P. , Pickering Kenneth E. , Richter Dirk , Spinei Elena , Walega James , Weibring Petter , Weinheimer Andrew J. 
Published: October 2018

Abstract. The GEOstationary Coastal and Air Pollution Events (GEO-CAPE)
Airborne Simulator (GCAS) was developed in support of NASA's decadal survey
GEO-CAPE geostationary satellite mission. GCAS is an airborne push-broom
remote-sensing instrument, consisting of two channels which make
hyperspectral measurements in the ultraviolet/visible (optimized for air
quality observations) and the visible–near infrared (optimized for ocean
color observations). The GCAS instrument participated in its first intensive
field campaign during the Deriving Information on Surface Conditions from
Column and Vertically Resolved Observations Relevant to Air Quality
(DISCOVER-AQ) campaign in Texas in September 2013. During this campaign, the
instrument flew on a King Air B-200 aircraft during 21 flights on 11 days to
make air quality observations over Houston, Texas. We present GCAS trace gas
retrievals of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and formaldehyde
(CH2O), and compare these results with trace gas columns derived
from coincident in situ profile measurements of NO2 and
CH2O made by instruments on a P-3B aircraft, and with NO2
observations from ground-based Pandora spectrometers operating in direct-sun
and scattered light modes. GCAS tropospheric column measurements correlate
well spatially and temporally with columns estimated from the P-3B
measurements for both NO2 (r2=0.89) and CH2O
(r2=0.54) and with Pandora direct-sun (r2=0.85) and scattered light
(r2=0.94) observed NO2 columns. Coincident GCAS columns agree
in magnitude with NO2 and CH2O P-3B-observed columns to
within 10 % but are larger than scattered light Pandora tropospheric
NO2 columns by 33 % and direct-sun Pandora NO2
columns by 50 %.
Approach for combining fault and area sources in seismic hazard assessment: application in south-eastern Spain
Authors: Rivas-Medina Alicia , Benito Belen , Gaspar-Escribano Jorge Miguel 
Published: October 2018

Abstract. This paper presents a methodological approach to seismic hazard assessment
based on a hybrid source model composed of faults as independent entities and
zones containing residual seismicity. The seismic potential of both types of
sources is derived from different data: for the zones, the recurrence model
is estimated from the seismic catalogue. For fault sources, it is inferred from
slip rates derived from palaeoseismicity and GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite
System) measurements. Distributing the seismic potential associated with each source is a key
question when considering hybrid zone and fault models, and this is normally
resolved using one of two possible alternatives: (1) considering a
characteristic earthquake model for the fault and assigning the remaining
magnitudes to the zone, or (2) establishing a cut-off magnitude, Mc, above
which the seisms are assigned to the fault and below which they are
considered to have occurred in the zone. This paper presents an
approach to distributing seismic potential between zones and faults without
restricting the magnitudes for each type of source, precluding the need to
establish cut-off Mc values beforehand. This is the essential difference
between our approach and other approaches that have been applied previously. The proposed approach is applied in southern Spain, a region of
low-to-moderate seismicity where faults move slowly. The results obtained
are contrasted with the results of a seismic hazard method based exclusively
on the zone model. Using the hybrid approach, acceleration values show a
concentration of expected accelerations around fault traces, which is not
appreciated in the classic approach using only zones.
“An Imagined Border of Safety, Humanitarian Relief, and Creativity”: J.M. Design Studio’s Other Border Wall Project
Authors: Scalissi Nicole F 
Published: October 2018

In April 2017, J.M. Design Studio—three Pittsburgh-based artists and designers—responded to the Customs and Border Protection's public request for proposals for a wall along the US-Mexico border. J.M. Design Studio then announced their own call for more border "wall" proposals from other artists. The following commentary details these prototype concepts and tracks the executive policies and rhetoric that established a foundation for the border wall. This commentary also shows how J.M. Design Studio’s prototype submission and the subsequent artistic platform they initiated both model how creative connection and the co-option of established public channels are themselves acts of political resistance in an era of disrupted democratic participation and ossified partisanship.
Unsettled: Exhibiting the Greater West
Authors: Brewer Lily 
Published: October 2018

Unsettled Exhibition schedule: The Nevada Museum of Art, Reno, Nevada, August 26, 2017—January 21, 2018; Anchorage Museum, Anchorage, Alaska, April 6, 2018—September 9, 2018; Palm Springs Art Museum, Palm Springs, California, October 27, 2018—February 18, 2019
Lawrence Paul Yuxweluptun: Unceded Territories
Authors: Johnson Annika 
Published: October 2018

Book Review: Karen Duffek and Tania Willard, eds. Lawrence Paul Yuxweluptun: Unceded Territories. With contributions by Glenn Alteen, Marcia Crosby, Jimmie Durham et al. Vancouver: Figure 1 Publishing and Museum of Anthropology at UBC, 2016. 182 pp.; 85 ills (chiefly color). Hardcover $45.00 (9781927958513)
Bescherming van het dierenwelzijn, de volksgezondheid of de godsdienstvrijheid?
Authors: Beijer M. 
Published: October 2018

Bescherming van het dierenwelzijn, de volksgezondheid of de godsdienstvrijheid? Het arrest Liga van Moskeeën over het ritueel slachten van dieren
In het arrest Liga van Moskeeën buigt het Hof van Justitie zich voor het eerst over de Unierechtelijke eisen aan de (onverdoofde) rituele slacht van dieren. Een Belgische rechter had een prejudiciële vraag gesteld over de geldigheid van deze eisen gelet op de bescherming van de godsdienstvrijheid. Het Hof van Justitie concludeert in het arrest dat de godsdienstvrijheid niet wordt beperkt, en laat veel aandacht uitgaan naar de legitieme doelen die door de Unierechtelijke eisen worden nagestreefd, waaronder de bescherming van het dierenwelzijn en de volksgezondheid. Dit artikel bespreekt de bijzonderheden aan deze grondrechtelijke toetsing van het Hof van Justitie.HvJ 29 mei 2018, zaak C-426/16, Liga van Moskeeën en Islamitische Organisaties Provincie Antwerpen VZW e.a./Vlaamse Gewest, ECLI:EU:C:2018:335
Gun jumping en de EU-Concentratieverordening: wanneer is sprake van een valse start?
Authors: Houdijk J.C.A. , Jaspers R.M.T.M. 
Published: October 2018

Gun jumping en de EU-Concentratieverordening: wanneer is sprake van een valse start?
In deze zaak geeft het Hof van Justitie antwoord op de vraag welke criteria gelden om te bepalen of sprake is van een totstandbrengingshandeling in het kader van het EU-concentratiecontroleregime. Het Hof van Justitie geeft hiermee een verdere uitleg van de standstill-verplichting ex artikel 7 lid 1 EU-Concentratieverordening. De uitspraak bevat voorts criteria om de risico’s omtrent gun jumping in de praktijk beter te kunnen inschatten.HvJ 31 mei 2018, zaak C-633/16, Ernst & Young P/S/Konkurrenceradet, ECLI:EU:C:2018:371.
Le idee: la struttura fenomenologica e astorica del mondo
Authors: Ciracì Fabio 
Published: October 2018

A Ideenlehre de Schopenhauer se apresenta de forma legítima na esteira da tradição pós-kantiana, já que não apenas serve como base teorética para a doutrina do gênio romântico e para a contemplação estética, mastambém é passível de uma interpretação de cunho iluminístico. Com efeito, a doutrina das Ideias de Schopenhauer e pensada em funçãoda vontade na natureza, em vista de uma explicação científica dos fenômenos naturais, como estrutura fenomenológica e a-histórica domundo, em condição de dar conta daqueles fenômenos, tal como as leis e forças naturais – que não são individuais ou individualizáveis.Do mesmo modo, nos anos vinte do se culo XIX, Paul Natorp desenvolveria a sua metacrítica da doutrina platônica das Ideias com a intenção de oferecer uma explicação científica das Ideias semelhante àquela tentativa de Schopenhauer. Como conclusão da presente investigação, propomos um confronto entre os dois posicionamentos filosóficos.
Eine Kantische Antwort auf die von Schopenhauer gegen die Begriffe "Zweck an sich selbst", "absoluter Wert" und "Würde des Menschen" geübten Kritiken
Authors: Stobbe Emanuel Lanzini 
Published: October 2018

Este artigo tem como objetivo discutir as críticas de Schopenhauer aos conceitos kantianos de “fim em si mesmo”, “valor absoluto” e “dignidade do ser humano”, com o objetivo de apresentar uma possível resposta kantiana. Com relação a tais críticas, consideraremos o escrito Sobre o fundamento da moral, especialmente sua oitava seça o. De acordo com ele, os três conceitos seriam “não-pensamentos”, que não teriam sentido. Contra as afirmações de Schopenhauer é, contudo, possível dar uma resposta kantiana: (1) com relação ao sentido na o considerado por ele dos termos “fim” e “valor”, que nos permitira o pensar e entender ambos os conceitos no sentido kantiano; (2) que uma tal consideraça o de ambos os conceitos tambe m nos permite entender o conceito de dignidade como não sendo uma contradictio in adjecto; e (3) que os dois pontos anteriores mostram que as críticas de Schopenhauer aqui consideradas não seriam efetivas contra a filosofia moral kantiana.
Newton, Goethe e Schopenhauer sobre as cores: entre qualidade e quantidade
Authors: Silva Gabriel Valladão 
Published: October 2018

O artigo busca traçar um panorama dos encadeamentos entre as reflexões de Newton, Goethe e Schopenhauer sobre as cores, com a intenção de situa-las na história do pensamento sobre o tema. Para tal, tomamos como fio condutor filosófico da analise a relação entre quantidade e qualidade, a qual e representada de distintas maneiras nos diferentes autores quando estes tratam do fenômeno das cores.
Machine learning with remote sensing data to locate uncontacted indigenous villages in Amazonia
Authors: Walker Robert S , Hamilton Marcus J 
Published: October 2018

Background. The world’s last uncontacted indigenous societies in Amazonia have only intermittent and often hostile interactions with the outside world. Knowledge of their locations is essential for urgent protection efforts, but their extreme isolation, small populations, and semi-nomadic lifestyles make this a challenging task.
Methods. Remote sensing technology with Landsat satellite sensors is a non-invasive methodology to track isolated indigenous populations through time. However, the small-scale nature of the deforestation signature left by uncontacted populations clearing villages and gardens has similarities to those made by contacted indigenous villages. Both contacted and uncontacted indigenous populations often live in proximity to one another making it difficult to distinguish the two in satellite imagery. Here we use machine learning techniques applied to remote sensing data with a training dataset of 500 contacted and 25 uncontacted villages.
Results. Uncontacted villages generally have smaller cleared areas, reside at higher elevations, and are farther from populated places and satellite-detected lights at night. A random forest algorithm with an optimally-tuned detection cutoff has a leave-one-out cross-validated sensitivity and specificity of over 98%. A grid search around known uncontacted villages led us to identify 3 previously-unknown villages using predictions from the random forest model. Our efforts can improve policies toward isolated populations by providing better near real-time knowledge of their locations and movements in relation to encroaching loggers, settlers, and other external threats to their survival.
HAHap: a read-based haplotyping method using hierarchical assembly
Authors: Lin Yu-Yu , Wu Ping Chun , Chen Pei-Lung , Oyang Yen-Jen , Chen Chien-Yu 
Published: October 2018

Background
The need for read-based phasing arises with advances in sequencing technologies. The minimum error correction (MEC) approach is the primary trend to resolve haplotypes by reducing conflicts in a single nucleotide polymorphism-fragment matrix. However, it is frequently observed that the solution with the optimal MEC might not be the real haplotypes, due to the fact that MEC methods consider all positions together and sometimes the conflicts in noisy regions might mislead the selection of corrections. To tackle this problem, we present a hierarchical assembly-based method designed to progressively resolve local conflicts.

Results
This study presents HAHap, a new phasing algorithm based on hierarchical assembly. HAHap leverages high-confident variant pairs to build haplotypes progressively. The phasing results by HAHap on both real and simulated data, compared to other MEC-based methods, revealed better phasing error rates for constructing haplotypes using short reads from whole-genome sequencing. We compared the number of error corrections (ECs) on real data with other methods, and it reveals the ability of HAHap to predict haplotypes with a lower number of ECs. We also used simulated data to investigate the behavior of HAHap under different sequencing conditions, highlighting the applicability of HAHap in certain situations.
An EGFR‐targeting antibody–drug conjugate LR004‐VC‐MMAE: potential in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and other malignancies
Authors: Hu Xin‐yue , Wang Rong , Jin Jie , Liu Xiu‐jun , Cui A‐long , Sun Lian‐qi , Li Yan‐ping , Li Yi , Wang Yu‐cheng , Zhen Yong‐su , Miao Qing‐fang , Li Zhuo‐rong 
Published: October 2018

Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is a rational target for cancer therapy, because its overexpression plays an important oncogenic role in a variety of solid tumors; however, EGFR‐targeted antibody–drug conjugate (ADC) therapy for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is exceedingly rare. LR004 is a novel anti‐EGFR antibody with the advantages of improved safety and fewer hypersensitivity reactions. It may be of great value as a carrier in ADCs with high binding affinity and internalization ability. Here, we prepared an EGFR‐targeting ADC, LR004‐VC‐MMAE, and evaluated its antitumor activities against ESCC and EGFR‐positive cells. LR004 was covalently conjugated with monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE) via a VC linker by antibody interchain disulfide bond reduction. VC‐MMAE was conjugated with LR004 with approximately 4.0 MMAE molecules per ADC. LR004‐VC‐MMAE showed a potent antitumor effect against ESCC and other EGFR‐positive cells with IC50 values of nM concentrations in vitro. The in vivo antitumor effects of LR004‐VC‐MMAE were investigated in ESCC KYSE520 and A431 xenograft nude mice models. Significant activity was seen at 5 mg·kg−1, and complete tumor regression was observed at 15 mg·kg−1 in the KYSE520 xenograft nude mice after four injections, while the naked antibody LR004 had little effect on inhibiting tumor growth. Similar promising results were obtained in the A431 models. In addition, the tumors also remained responsive to LR004‐VC‐MMAE for large tumor experiments (tumor volume 400–500 mm3). The study results demonstrated that LR004‐VC‐MMAE could be a potential therapeutic agent for ESCC and other EGFR‐expressing malignancies. We also evaluated PK profile of LR004‐VC‐MMAE ADC in the mice model, which would provide qualitative guiding significance for the further research.
TLR3 agonism re‐establishes CNS immune competence during α4‐integrin deficiency
Authors: Hussain Rehana Z. , Cravens Petra C. , Doelger Richard , Dentel Brianne , Herndon Emily , Loof Nicolas , Tsai Peter , Okuda Darin T. , Racke Michael K. , Stüve Olaf 
Published: October 2018

AbstractObjectiveNatalizumab blocks α4‐integrin‐mediated leukocyte migration into the central nervous system (CNS). It diminishes disease activity in multiple sclerosis (MS), but carries a high risk of progressive multifocal encephalopathy (PML), an opportunistic infection with JV virus that may be prompted by diminished CNS immune surveillance. The initial host response to viral infections entails the synthesis of type I interferons (IFN) upon engagement of TLR3 receptors. We hypothesized that TLR3 agonism reestablishes CNS immune competence in the setting of α4‐integrin deficiency.MethodWe generated the conditional knock out mouse strain Mx1.Cre+α4‐integrinfl/fl, in which the α4‐integrin gene is ablated upon treatment with the TLR3 agonist poly I:C. Adoptive transfer of purified lymphocytes from poly I:C‐treated Mx1.Cre+α4‐integrinfl/fl donors into naive recipients recapitulates immunosuppression under natalizumab. Active experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in Mx1.Cre+α4‐integrinfl/fl mice treated with poly I:C represents immune‐reconstitution.ResultsAdoptive transfer of T cells from poly I:C treated Mx1.Cre+α4‐integrinfl/fl mice causes minimal EAE. The in vitro migratory capability of CD45+ splenocytes from these mice is reduced. In contrast, actively‐induced EAE after poly I:C treatment results in full disease susceptibility of Mx1.Cre+ α4‐integrinfl/fl mice, and the number and composition of CNS leukocytes is similar to controls. Extravasation of Evans Blue indicates a compromised blood‐brain barrier. Poly I:C treatment results in a 2‐fold increase in IFNβ transcription in the spinal cord.InterpretationOur data suggest that TLR3 agonism in the setting of relative α4‐integrin deficiency can reestablish CNS immune surveillance in an experimental model. This pathway may present a feasible treatment strategy to treat and prevent PML under natalizumab therapy and should be considered for further experimental evaluation in a controlled setting.
Coaxial Cell Printing of Freestanding, Perfusable, and Functional In Vitro Vascular Models for Recapitulation of Native Vascular Endothelium Pathophysiology
Authors: Gao Ge , Park Ju Young , Kim Byoung Soo , Jang Jinah , Cho Dong‐Woo 
Published: October 2018

Abstract3D printing technology is used to produce channels within hydrogels followed by endothelial cells (ECs)‐seeding to establish in vitro vascular models. However, as built‐in bulk hydrogels, it is difficult to incorporate additional cells and molecules into the crosslinked matrix to study the pathophysiological responses of healthy endothelium. In this study, freestanding in vitro vascular models (VMs) are developed using the coaxial cell printing technique and a vascular tissue‐specific bioink. It has various advantages in plotting tubular cell‐laden vessels with designed patterns, providing pump‐driven circulating perfusion, generating endothelium without ECs‐seeding, and implementing further expansions to study vascular pathophysiology. Following the maturation of endothelium, the VMs exhibit representative vascular functions (i.e., selective permeability, antiplatelets/leukocytes adhesion, and vessel remodeling under shear stress). Moreover, with the expansions of the VMs, the directional angiogenesis and inflammatory responses are demonstrated by giving asymmetric distributions of proangiogenic factors and an airway inflammatory ambience, respectively. Therefore, the freestanding, perfusable, and functional VMs can be useful devices to engineer diverse in vitro platforms for a wide range of biomedical applications, from modeling blood vessel relevant diseases to building vascularized tissues/organs.
Antiferromagnet‐Based Spintronic Functionality by Controlling Isospin Domains in a Layered Perovskite Iridate
Authors: Lee Nara , Ko Eunjung , Choi Hwan Young , Hong Yun Jeong , Nauman Muhammad , Kang Woun , Choi Hyoung Joon , Choi Young Jai , Jo Younjung 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe novel electronic state of the canted antiferromagnetic (AFM) insulator strontium iridate (Sr2IrO4) is well described by the spin–orbit‐entangled isospin Jeff = 1/2, but the role of isospin in transport phenomena remains poorly understood. In this study, antiferromagnet‐based spintronic functionality is demonstrated by combining the unique characteristics of the isospin state in Sr2IrO4. Based on magnetic and transport measurements, a large and highly anisotropic magnetoresistance (AMR) is obtained by manipulating the AFM isospin domains. First‐principles calculations suggest that electrons whose isospin directions are strongly coupled to the in‐plane net magnetic moment encounter an isospin mismatch when moving across the AFM domain boundaries, which generates a high resistance state. By rotating a magnetic field that aligns in‐plane net moments and removes domain boundaries, the macroscopically ordered isospins govern dynamic transport through the system, which leads to the extremely angle‐sensitive AMR. As this work establishes a link between isospins and magnetotransport in strongly spin–orbit‐coupled AFM Sr2IrO4, the peculiar AMR effect provides a beneficial foundation for fundamental and applied research on AFM spintronics.
Cecropin–Melittin Functionalized Polyurethane Surfaces Prevent Staphylococcus epidermidis Adhesion without Inducing Platelet Adhesion and Activation
Authors: Querido Micaela M. , Felgueiras Helena P. , Rai Akhilesh , Costa Fabíola , Monteiro Claudia , Borges Inês , Oliveira Diana , Ferreira Lino , Martins Maria Cristina Lopes 
Published: October 2018

AbstractInfections and thrombus formation are major concerns for the success of blood‐contacting medical devices. Antimicrobial coatings based on antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are described as promising strategies to fight biomaterial‐associated infections. However, their efficiency in the presence of plasma and their effect on platelets adhesion/activation, essential for blood contact applications, is not known. In this work, the AMP cecropin–melittin (CM) is covalently immobilized onto polyurethane (PU) films envisaging a coating for intravascular catheters. Immobilization is done by dip‐coating of a layer of gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) functionalized with NH2 and COOH terminated polyethylene glycol (PEG). Surfaces characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM‐D), and colorimetric assays reveal a stable and homogeneous coating distribution. CM coating significantly reduces Staphylococcus epidermidis adhesion to PU films (≈80% in PBS). Its bactericidal activity is not affected in the presence of 1% human plasma (hPlasma) proteins with 65% reduction on viable bacteria comparing to PU. Moreover, CM coating is able to prevent platelet adhesion/activation to PU films (≈95% in PBS). This effect is also observed when surfaces are precoated with hPlasma. Overall, the developed antimicrobial coating demonstrates great potential to prevent bacterial infections on PU devices without instigating platelet adhesion/activation.