bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interleukin-12 and -23 blockade mitigates elastase-induced abdominal aortic aneurysm
Authors: Yan Huimin , Hu Ying , Akk Antonina , Ye Karen , Bacon John , Pham Christine T. N. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractMacrophages play an important role in the inflammatory process that contributes to the development of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). Studies of human and mouse AAA tissue reveal expanded populations of macrophages producing an abundance of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including TNF-α, IL-12p40 and high level of metalloprotease 9 (MMP-9) at the late stages of disease. Herein, we show that blockade of IL-12p40 in the early phase of aneurysm development suppresses macrophage expansion, inflammatory cytokine and MMP-9 production and mitigates AAA development. Since IL-12 and IL-23 are related cytokines that share the common p40 subunit, we also evaluate the effect of direct IL-23 blockade on the development of AAA. Specific IL-23p19 blockade prevents AAA progression with the same efficiency as IL-12p40 antagonism, suggesting that the efficacy of anti-IL-12p40 treatment may reflect IL-23 blockade. IL-12p40 and IL-23p19 are also abundantly expressed in human AAA tissue. Our findings have potential translational value since IL-12p40 and IL-23p19 antagonists already exist as FDA-approved therapeutics for various chronic inflammatory conditions.
Differential responses of the soil microbial community in two pitaya orchards with different mulch types
Authors: Luo Juan , Xu Min , Qi Zhao , Xiong Rui , Cheng Yu , Liu Chengli , Wei Shuangshuang , Tang Hua 
Published: July 2019

AbstractTo prevent plants from being damaged due to extreme temperature and sunlight, the pitaya orchards in Hainan Province, China, are increasingly adopting living and black fabric cloth mulching. In this study, an Illumina Hiseq sequencer was employed to compare the soil microbial communities of two pitaya orchards, one covered by living mulching (LM) and the other covered by black fabric cloth (FC). Bacterial abundance was higher in the LM orchard than in the FC orchard (1.19 × 104versus 4.49 × 104 g−1 soil). In contrast, fungal abundance was higher in the FC orchard than in the LM orchard (2.71 × 106versus 2.97 × 105 g−1 soil). We also found that the most dominant species in the FC orchard were from the genus Neoscytalidium, which included species that could cause infection in a large variety of plant hosts. However, the LM orchard mainly harbored useful fungal species, such as Trichoderma and Chaetomium. Soil nutrients were positively correlated in the FC orchard, which potentially indicated that the FC orchard could demonstrate better fertilizer utilization efficiency. However, the LM and FC strategies have both advantages and disadvantages with regards to the cultivation management of pitaya orchards.
Discovering Links Between Side Effects and Drugs Using a Diffusion Based Method
Authors: Timilsina Mohan , Tandan Meera , d’Aquin Mathieu , Yang Haixuan 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIdentifying the unintended effects of drugs (side effects) is a very important issue in pharmacological studies. The laboratory verification of associations between drugs and side effects requires costly, time-intensive research. Thus, an approach to predicting drug side effects based on known side effects, using a computational model, is highly desirable. To provide such a model, we used openly available data resources to model drugs and side effects as a bipartite graph. The drug-drug network is constructed using the word2vec model where the edges between drugs represent the semantic similarity between them. We integrated the bipartite graph and the semantic similarity graph using a matrix factorization method and a diffusion based model. Our results show the effectiveness of this integration by computing weighted (i.e., ranked) predictions of initially unknown links between side effects and drugs.
The transporters SLC35A1 and SLC30A1 play opposite roles in cell survival upon VSV virus infection
Authors: Moskovskich Anna , Goldmann Ulrich , Kartnig Felix , Lindinger Sabrina , Konecka Justyna , Fiume Giuseppe , Girardi Enrico , Superti-Furga Giulio 
Published: July 2019

AbstractHost factor requirements for different classes of viruses have not been fully unraveled. Replication of the viral genome and synthesis of viral proteins within the human host cell are associated with an increased demand for nutrients and specific metabolites. With more than 400 acknowledged members to date in humans, solute carriers (SLCs) represent the largest family of transmembrane proteins dedicated to the transport of ions and small molecules such as amino acids, sugars and nucleotides. Consistent with their impact on cellular metabolism, several SLCs have been implicated as host factors affecting the viral life cycle and the cellular response to infection. In this study, we aimed at characterizing the role of host SLCs in cell survival upon viral infection by performing unbiased genetic screens using a focused CRISPR knockout library. Genetic screens with the cytolytic vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) showed that the loss of two SLCs genes, encoding the sialic acid transporter SLC35A1/CST and the zinc transporter SLC30A1/ZnT1, affected cell survival upon infection. Further characterization of these genes suggests a role for both of these transporters in the apoptotic response induced by VSV, offering new insights into the cellular response to oncolytic virus infections.
An investigation into the diagnostic accuracy, reliability, acceptability and safety of a novel device for Continuous Ambulatory Vestibular Assessment (CAVA)
Authors: Phillips John S. , Newman Jacob L. , Cox Stephen J. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractDizziness is a common condition that is responsible for a significant degree of material morbidity and burden on health services. It is usually episodic and short-lived, so when a patient presents to their clinician, examination is normal. The CAVA (Continuous Ambulatory Vestibular Assessment) device has been developed to provide continuous monitoring of eye-movements, allowing insight into the physiological parameters present during a dizziness attack. This article describes the first clinical investigation into the medical and technical aspects of this new diagnostic system. Seventeen healthy subjects wore the device near continuously for up to thirty days, artificially inducing nystagmus on eight occasions. 405 days’ worth of data was captured, comprising around four billion data points. A computer algorithm developed to detect nystagmus demonstrated a sensitivity of 99.1% (95% CI: 95.13% to 99.98%) and a specificity of 98.6% (95% CI: 96.54% to 99.63%). Eighty-two percent of participants wore the device for a minimum of eighty percent of each day. Adverse events were self-limiting and mostly the consequence of skin stripping from the daily replacement of the electrodes. The device was shown to operate effectively as an ambulatory monitor, allowing the reliable detection of artificially induced nystagmus.
Both left upper lobectomy and left pneumonectomy are risk factors for postoperative stroke
Authors: Xie Nanchang , Meng Xianghe , Wu Chuanjie , Lian Yajun , Wang Cui , Yu Mengyan , Li Yingjiao , Wang Yali 
Published: July 2019

AbstractRetrospective studies have found that left upper lobectomy (LUL) may be a new risk factor for stroke, and the potential mechanism is pulmonary vein thrombosis, which more likely develops in the left superior pulmonary vein (LSPV) stump. The LSPV remaining after left pneumonectomy is similar to that remaining after LUL. However, the association between left pneumonectomy, LUL, and postoperative stroke remains unclear. Thus, we sought to analyze whether both LUL and left pneumonectomy are risk factors for postoperative stroke. We prospectively included consecutive patients who underwent resection between November 2016 and March 2018 at our institution with 6 months of follow-up. Baseline demographic and clinical data were taken. A logistic regression model was used to determine independent predictors of postoperative stroke. In our study, 756 patients who underwent an isolated pulmonary lobectomy procedure were screened; of these, 637 patients who completed the 6-month follow-up were included in the analysis. Multivariable logistic regression analysis adjusted for common risk factors showed that the LUL and left pneumonectomy were independent predictors of stroke (odds ratio, 18.12; 95% confidence interval, 2.12–155.24; P = 0.008). Moreover, diabetes mellitus also was a predictor of postoperative stroke. In conclusion, both LUL and left pneumonectomy are significant risk factors for postoperative stroke.
Bedside-measurement of serum cholinesterase activity predicts patient morbidity and length of the intensive care unit stay following major traumatic injury
Authors: Zivkovic Aleksandar R. , Schmidt Karsten , Stein Thomas , Münzberg Matthias , Brenner Thorsten , Weigand Markus A. , Kleinschmidt Stefan , Hofer Stefan 
Published: July 2019

AbstractMajor traumatic injury (MTI), a life-threatening condition requiring prompt medical intervention, is associated with an extensive inflammatory response often resulting in multiple organ dysfunction. Early stratification of trauma severity and the corresponding inflammation may help optimize resources at the intensive care unit (ICU). The cholinergic system counters inflammation by quickly modulating the immune response. Serum cholinesterase (butyrylcholinesterase, BChE) is an enzyme that hydrolyses acetylcholine. We tested whether a change in the BChE activity correlates with the morbidity and the length of ICU stay. Blood samples from 10 healthy volunteers and 44 patients with MTI were gathered at hospital admission, followed by measurements 12, 24 and 48 hours later. Point-of-care approach was used to determine the BChE activity. Disease severity was assessed by clinical scoring performed within 24 hours following hospital admission. BChE activity, measured at hospital admission, showed a significant and sustained reduction and correlated with disease severity scores obtained 24 hours following admission. BChE activity, obtained at hospital admission, correlated with the length of ICU stay. Bedside measurement of BChE activity, as a complementary addition to established procedures, might prove useful in the primary assessment of the disease severity and might therefore optimize therapy in the ICU.
Imaging and proteomic study of a clickable iridium complex
Authors: Wang Xiuxiu , Zhang Jingyi , Zhao Xinyang , Wei Wei , Zhao Jing 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Iridium complexes have recently attracted increasing interest in developing metallodrugs. Herein, we have synthesized and characterized a clickable iridium hydride complex 2-N3. The cytotoxity and production of reactive oxygen species study in A2780 cancer cells indicated a potent anticancer activity of 2-N3. The ICP-MS analysis and the cellular imaging via Cu(i) catalyzed azide–alkyne cycloaddition suggested the accumulation of 2-N3 in the nucleus and cytoplasm. Further label-free quantitative proteomic analysis indicated that the ECM–receptor interaction pathway was activated by 2-N3. The analysis of down-regulated proteins suggested that 2-N3 affected cellular DNA transcription, post-translational glycosyl modification, and redox homeostasis. Besides, 2-N3 also damaged several crucial proteins and enzymes in the mitochondria and nucleus, leading to the disorder of the cellular processes. Our results provide a new approach to mechanism studies of metallodrugs combining click chemistry and proteomic analysis.
Dissecting the cytochrome c2–reaction centre interaction in bacterial photosynthesis using single molecule force spectroscopy
Authors: Vasilev Cvetelin , Mayneord Guy E. , Brindley Amanda A. , Johnson Matthew P. , Hunter C. Neil 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The reversible docking of small, diffusible redox proteins onto a membrane protein complex is a common feature of bacterial, mitochondrial and photosynthetic electron transfer (ET) chains. Spectroscopic studies of ensembles of such redox partners have been used to determine ET rates and dissociation constants. Here, we report a single-molecule analysis of the forces that stabilise transient ET complexes. We examined the interaction of two components of bacterial photosynthesis, cytochrome c2 and the reaction centre (RC) complex, using dynamic force spectroscopy and PeakForce quantitative nanomechanical imaging. RC–LH1–PufX complexes, attached to silicon nitride AFM probes and maintained in a photo-oxidised state, were lowered onto a silicon oxide substrate bearing dispersed, immobilised and reduced cytochrome c2 molecules. Microscale patterns of cytochrome c2 and the cyan fluorescent protein were used to validate the specificity of recognition between tip-attached RCs and surface-tethered cytochrome c2. Following the transient association of photo-oxidised RC and reduced cytochrome c2 molecules, retraction of the RC-functionalised probe met with resistance, and forces between 112 and 887 pN were required to disrupt the post-ET RC–c2 complex, depending on the retraction velocities used. If tip-attached RCs were reduced instead, the probability of interaction with reduced cytochrome c2 molecules decreased 5-fold. Thus, the redox states of the cytochrome c2 haem cofactor and RC ‘special pair’ bacteriochlorophyll dimer are important for establishing a productive ET complex. The millisecond persistence of the post-ET cytochrome c2[oxidised]–RC[reduced] ‘product’ state is compatible with rates of cyclic photosynthetic ET, at physiologically relevant light intensities.
Less photoprotection can be good in some genetic and environmental contexts
Authors: Demmig-Adams Barbara , Stewart Jared J. , Adams William W. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Antioxidant systems modulate oxidant-based signaling networks and excessive removal of oxidants can prevent beneficial acclimation responses. Evidence from mutant, transgenic, and locally adapted natural plant systems is used to interpret differences in the capacity for antioxidation and formulate hypotheses for future inquiry. We focus on the first line of chloroplast antioxidant defense, pre-emptive thermal dissipation of excess absorbed light (monitored as nonphotochemical fluorescence quenching, NPQ) as well as on tocopherol-based antioxidation. Findings from NPQ-deficient and tocopherol-deficient mutants that exhibited enhanced biomass production and/or enhanced foliar water-transport capacity are reviewed and discussed in the context of the impact of lower levels of antioxidation on plant performance in hot/dry conditions, under cool temperature, and in the presence of biotic stress. The complexity of cellular redox-signaling networks is related to the complexity of environmental and endogenous inputs as well as to the need for intensified training and collaboration in the study of plant–environment interactions across biological sub-disciplines.
Appropriate Resistance Intensity and Effective Exercise for Activation of Infraspinatus
Authors: Yu Il-Young , Oh Se-Il , Jung Won-Jeong , Oh Jaeseop 
Published: July 2019

AbstractWe investigated the muscle activities of the infraspinatus and posterior deltoid, as well as the ratio of the infraspinatus to posterior deltoid muscle activities, in response to 3 resistance intensities during prone external rotation (PER) and sitting external rotation (SITER) exercises. Fifteen healthy males participated; the subjects performed two exercises randomly at three resistance intensity levels: 1) low intensity (10–20%); 2) medium intensity (45–55%); 3) high intensity (60–70%). Surface electromyography was used to measure the activities of the infraspinatus and posterior deltoid muscles. The activities of the infraspinatus and posterior deltoid increased significantly as the resistance intensity increased during both PER and SITER exercises (p<0.001). The infraspinatus-to-posterior deltoid activity ratio increased as the resistance intensity decreased. Whereas the muscle activity ratio was highest under low and medium intensity during PER and SITER, respectively, and the muscle activity ratio was significantly increased at medium intensity compared with high intensity during both PER (p=0.023) and SITER (p=0.001). Our results suggest that low to medium intensity is the appropriate resistance intensity for selective activation of the infraspinatus. In addition, our results suggest that PER and SITER are effective for strengthening the infraspinatus.
Low-Dose Paclitaxel-Coated Balloon Angioplasty versus Uncoated Percutaneous Transluminal Balloon Angioplasty for Femoropopliteal Peripheral Artery Disease: 6-Month Results in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Central India
Authors: Rathod Jawahar , Gour Prajwaleet , Saha Subinay , Jaybhay Shivprasad , Verma Rohit 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Introduction Superficial femoral and popliteal arteries are the most common locations of peripheral vascular disease (PVD). Endovascular interventional therapy including drug-coated balloon (DEB) angioplasty or percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) and stenting are important options for treatment of PVD.
Aims and Objectives The main objective is to compare the efficacy of DEB over PTA with optional stenting in management of obstructive femoropopliteal lesions in terms of 6-month patency rate.
Materials and Methods The clinical experimental study was carried out in a tertiary care center over duration of 2 years. All symptomatic patients having lower limb PVD in femoropopliteal segment were included. Total 37 patients were included in this study in which 16 underwent plain balloon angioplasty (with 3 patients undergoing bare metal stenting [BMS]) and 21 additional underwent DEB angioplasty. Patients with previously intervened lesions, primary lesion failure, major ischemic tissue loss, poor aortoiliac or common femoral inflow, or end-stage kidney disorders were excluded.
Result At 1-month follow-up, patency rates in DEB and conventional PTA ± BMS were 85.71% and 87.5%, respectively. On 6-month follow-up, patency rates were found to be 71.4% versus 37.5%, respectively (p = 0.039; significant). In case of occluded lesions, on 6-month follow-up, patency rate in DEB group was higher than that in plain balloon group (66.7% vs. 25%). In both the cohorts, success rate, i.e., patency rates were more in short and intermediate length lesions than long segment lesions. DEB was found to be superior to plain angioplasty with optional stenting in terms of 6-month patency rate.
Exosomes regulate neurogenesis and circuit assembly
Authors: Sharma Pranav , Mesci Pinar , Carromeu Cassiano , McClatchy Daniel R. , Schiapparelli Lucio , Yates John R. , Muotri Alysson R. , Cline Hollis T. 
Published: July 2019

Significance
Exosomes have been implicated in intercellular communication in cancer and neurodegenerative disorders. We explored their function in brain development. Proteomic analysis demonstrated that exosomes from isogenic control cultures contain neurodevelopmental signaling proteins, which are lacking in exosomes from MECP2 loss-of-function (MECP2LOF) cultures. Treating MECP2LOF neural cultures with control exosomes rescues neurodevelopmental deficits, increasing neurogenesis, synaptogenesis, and network activity. Exosomes function similarly in vivo: injecting purified exosomes into the lateral ventricles of P4 mouse brains increased hippocampal neurogenesis. These findings significantly advance the field by demonstrating that neural exosomes contain diverse protein cargo predicted to affect multiple outcome measures of neural development and that exosomes signal between cells in developing neural circuits to promote neural circuit development and function.
Refractive index sensor based on high-order surface plasmon resonance in gold nanofilm coated photonic crystal fiber*
Authors: Fan Zhen-Kai , Fang Shao-Bo , Li Shu-Guang , Wei Zhi-Yi 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
We propose a novel kind of wide-range refractive index optical sensor based on photonic crystal fiber (PCF) covered with nano-ring gold film. The refractive index sensing performance of the PCF sensor is analyzed and simulated by the finite element method (FEM). The refractive index liquid is infiltrated into the cladding air hole of the PCF. By comparing the sensing performance of two kinds of photonic crystal fiber structures, a wide range and high sensitivity structure is optimized. The surface plasmon resonance (SPR) excitation material is chose as gold, and large gold nanorings are embedded around the first cladding air hole of the PCF. The higher order surface plasmon modes are generated in this designed optical fiber structure. The resonance coupling between the fundamental mode and the 5th order surface plasmon polariton (SPP) modes is excited when the phase matching condition is matched. Therefore, the 3rd loss peaks appear obvious red-shift with the increase of the analyte refractive index, which shows a remarkable polynomial fitting law. The fitnesses of two structures are 0.99 and 0.98, respectively. When the range of refractive indices is from 1.40 to 1.43, the two kinds of sensors have high linear sensitivities of 1604 nm/RIU and 3978 nm/RIU, respectively.
Estimation of fuel temperature reactivity coefficient of a research reactor using ANFIS
Authors: Mohd Ali Nur Syazwani , Hamzah Khaidzir , Idris Faridah Mohamad , Alang Md Rashid Nahrul Khair , Minhat Mohamad Sabri , Rabir Mohamad Hairie 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Fuel Temperature reactivity coefficient is one of the important operational and safety parameters in nuclear reactors to monitor for normal operation and transient safety analysis in research as well as in power reactors. The aim of this work is to estimate the temperature reactivity coefficient by using adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) as a preliminary assessment for developing an online monitoring system in research reactors such as the Reactor TRIGA PUSPATI (RTP). The input for the learning mechanism is the fuel temperature recorded at Ch A of the instrumented fuel element (IFE) and control rod positions with the fuel temperature reactivity coefficient as the targeted output. The ANFIS model was validated using testing data that consisted of fuel temperature measured at Ch B and results on -0.00571 $°C−1 (-3.997 pcm°C−1) of actual output and -0.00592 $°C−1 (4.144 pcm°C−1) of predicted output. Through the developed model, it showed that the ANFIS also can be used as a tool to estimate the fuel temperature reactivity coefficient with good prediction and accuracy shown from the calculation of mean absolute error (MAE) of 0.00349.
Performance analysis of random sampling algorithms on GNU Octave
Authors: Bin Yazid Mohd Syahmi , Lemaire Matthieu , Mohd Sies Mohsin bin , Lee Deokjung 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
This paper presents the performance analysis of two random sampling algorithms, the inverse-transform method and the Vose aliasing method, on GNU Octave. The Monte Carlo code MCS developed by UNIST uses random sampling methods to simulate the physics of neutron and photon transport [1]. The goal is to optimize the sampling time of MCS for cases when the probability density function is a constant function throughout the simulation. For this purpose, the runtime of the inverse-transform method and Vose aliasing method are compared for increasing input size with scripts developed on GNU Octave. To compare the execution time, the initialization and generation time of both methods are determined and discussed.