bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Breeding value of european oat accessions in the environments of Kuban experiment station of VIR
Authors: Voytsutskaya N. P. , Loskutov I. G. 
Published: June 2019

Background. For the present-day oat breeding, the task is to develop adaptive cultivars with high yield potential, high quality of products, fairly early-ripening habit, and resistance to lodging and diseases. Breeding new cultivars with a complex of valuable characters, high yield, and high quality of products under varied environmental conditions requires well-studied source material. Selection of sources according to the basic economically useful traits is one of the main objectives in the study of the global diversity preserved in the oat collection.Results and conclusion. The article presents the results of studying the oat accessions from Western and Central European countries, preserved in the VIR collection, under the conditions of Kuban Experimental Station of VIR (Krasnodar Terr.). Evaluation of the accessions in the field was targeted at such crop characters as the duration of the growing season, resistance to lodging, and field resistance to rust diseases. A structural analysis was performed in the laboratory to measure the weight of 1000 grains, the number of spikelets and grains per panicle, grain weight per panicle and per plant, and percentage of grain hullness. As a result of a three-year comprehensive field study of the newest oat cultivars bred in Western Europe in the environments of Kuban Experimental Station of VIR, sources of traits useful for breeding were identified, such as lodging resistance, field resistance to crown rust, high yield structure components (1000 grain weight, grain weight per panicle, number of grains per panicle, grain productivity). When using source materials in oat breeding practice, in addition to economically important traits, special attention should be paid to grain size, since this character, according to our data, has the most significant correlation with the grain yield of a cultivar. The identified sources of traits valuable for breeding may be included in breeding programs of Krasnodar Territory and other regions of the Russian Federation.
Variability and correlations of economically valuable traits in cowpea from the VIR collection in the environments of Astrakhan provincer
Authors: Gurkina M. V. 
Published: June 2019

Background. The problem of a deficit in vegetable protein and the need to diversify agricultural produce require involvement of new and little-known crops, such as cowpea, in the production. Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) is a high-protein leguminous crop; its breeding and production have been intensified in Russia only in recent years. The study of the VIR collection, carried out at the Institute’s branch in Astrakhan, makes it possible to disclose the crop’s breeding potential. Objective: Studying the range of variability and tracing the relationships of economically valuable traits in vegetable (green pod) cowpea under the conditions of Astrakhan Province.Materials and methods. In 2008‑2010, a study was implemented at an experiment plot of the Astrakhan branch of VIR. Thirty- three accessions of green pod cowpea from the VIR collection were studied to analyze the variability of 12 phenotypic traits. Positive and negative correlations were identified between the following characters: interphase periods (flowering, industrial ripeness and seed maturation), shape of the shrub, lengths of the stem and to the first pod, length and weight of the pod, number of seeds per pod, presence of a parchment layer and fiber in pod valves, pod yield per plant, number of pods and peduncles, seed weight per plant, and weight of 1000 seeds.Results and conclusion. Medium variability was observed for such characters as the interphase periods ‘shoots–industrial ripeness’ and ‘shoots– seed maturation’, number of seeds per pod, and weight of 1000 seeds: the coefficient of variation (CV) was 15‑18%. High variation was registered for the length and weight of the pod (CV = 26‑32%), shrub shape, stem length, and length of the stem up to the first pod (CV = 35‑37%). The widest ranges of variability were demonstrated in the quantitative yield characters of cowpea accessions: number of pods per plant (CV = 33‑49%), number of flower stalks (CV = 38‑51%), and seed weight per plant (CV = 38‑44%), which means that cowpea yield is quite susceptible to weather conditions. During the three years of studying, the lowest levels of variability in economically valuable traits were characteristic of the accessions of the early-ripening group: k‑668 and k‑873 (China); mid- ripening group: k‑971 (India); and late-ripening group: k‑141 (China). Cowpea pod productivity depended to the greatest degree from mean values of the number of pods per plant (r = 0,73) and the number of peduncles (r = 0,71). The identified correlations in the productivity components make it possible to optimize the selection of accessions promising as source materials for the development of new high-yielding cultivars.
Polymorphism of the <i>Rca2</i> anthracnose resistance gene in strawberry cultivars (<i>Fragaria × ananassa</i>)
Authors: Lyzhin A. S. , Lukyanchuk I. V. , Zhbanova E. V. 
Published: June 2019

Background. Anthracnose, caused by phytopathogenic fungi of the genus Colletotrichum, is one of the most important strawberry diseases. Strawberry yield losses from anthracnose lesions can reach 80%. Most strawberry cultivars are susceptible to anthracnose. Therefore, identification of the initial forms carrying resistance genes is a necessary step toward successful breeding of anthracnose-resistant cultivars. Use of molecular markers will increase reliability of identification and enhance effectiveness of strawberry breeding.Materials and methods. Biological material was represented by strawberry cultivars (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) of various ecological and geographical origin. Total genomic DNA was extracted from the fresh leaves using the CTAB methods according to Puchooa (2004). To assess the allelic state of the Rca2 anthracnose resistance gene, the SCAR marker STS-Rca2_240 was used. The SCAR marker STS-Rca2_240 was multiplexed with the microsatellite marker EMFv020 used as the positive PCR control.Results and conclusion. The SCAR marker STS-Rca2_240, mapping at about 2.8 cM from the Rca2 gene, was identified in the strawberry cultivars ‘Elianny’, ‘Troubadour’ and ‘Sudarushka’. Cvs. ‘Elianny’ and ‘Troubadour’ are presumably characterized by a dominant homozygous (Rca2Rca2) or heterozygous (Rca2rca2) genotype. Cv. ‘Sudarushka’ has the heterozygous state for the Rca2 anthracnose resistance gene (Rca2rca2). In the remaining cultivars studied, the marker STS-Rca2_240 was not detected (the prospective genotype is rca2rca2).
Genetic sources for barley (<i>Hordeum vulgare</i>) breeding in the Volga-Vyatka region
Authors: Shupletsova O. N. , Shchennikova I. N. 
Published: June 2019

Background.The environmental conditions in the northeast of the Russian Non-Black-Soil zone require development of barley cultivars with resistance to higher soil acidity, drought and diseases. Increased productivity in stressful environments was achieved by combining different breeding techniques, including application of cell technologies.Materialsand methods.Barley accessions from the unique collection of the N. I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources (VIR) served as sources of useful traits. These accessions underwent field- and laboratory-based research at the FASC of the North-East, which was targeted at the main qualities of breeding value: grain yield, growing season duration, and resistance to lodging, diseases and soil stress. Cultivation of callus tissues and regeneration of barley plants were performedin vitroon artificial nutrient media modified by adding selective agents simulating the effect of natural stressors.Results and discussion.After studying the accessions from VIR for various traits of breeding value for the environments of the Volga-Vyatka region, the following breeding sources were selected: cvs. ‘Dina’ (k‑29216, Russia), ‘Andrey’ (k‑30122, Russia), etc. for their earliness; ‘Belogorsky 90’ (k‑29770, Russia), ‘Syabra’ (k‑29917, Belarus), etc. for combined high yield and earliness; ‘Musson’ (k‑30968, Russia), ‘Fenix’ (k‑30835, Ukraine), etc. for lodging resistance; ‘Dina’ (k‑29216, Russia), ‘Medikum’ (k‑30962, Russia), etc. for disease resistance; and ‘Tandem’ (k‑30883, Russia), ‘Novichok’ (k‑30806, Russia), etc. for soil stress resistance. Besides, cvs. ‘Ekolog’ (k‑29417, Russia), ‘Conrad’ (k‑30406, USA), etc. were identified as promising for cellular breeding. General principles regulating selection of initial genotypes for barley tissue culture were formulated. Of practical interest is application of cell-level breeding techniques to cultivars sensitive or moderately resistant to stressors. Accessions from VIR’s collection have been used to develop spring barley cultivars adapted to the cultivation conditions of the Volga-Vyatka region: more than 30 cultivars through hybridization and selection, and 6 cultivars with theuse ofin vitrotissue culture.
Evolução da autoconfiança e segurança de estudantes após aprendizagem utilizando manequins em Periodontia
Authors: Forte Mariane Izabele , Chagas Paulo Henrique , Guarenghi Gabriel Guidio , Steffens Joao Paulo 
Published: June 2019

A simulação no ensino em saúde é uma ferramenta que permite ao estudante uma aprendizagem em ambiente protegido e controlado, livre de intercorrências e com devolutiva instantânea da tarefa desempenhada. Na simulação, o docente pode intervir a qualquer momento, o que o auxilia na avaliação e instrução do estudante. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a evolução da autoconfiança e segurança de estudantes após aprendizagem simulada utilizando manequim em um componente curricular de Periodontia e sua correlação com desempenho prático. Questionários utilizando escala visual analógica (EVA), escala numérica de 101 pontos (NRS-101) e escala verbal de 4 pontos (VRS-4) foram aplicados aos estudantes da Disciplina de Periodontia I da Universidade Federal do Paraná no primeiro semestre de 2018, em três momentos: 1) antes do início das atividades práticas; 2) após a fase laboratorial; e 3) após a fase clínica. Os dados obtidos foram comparados entre si pelo tempo de aplicação e correlacionados com a nota prática final. Os estudantes demonstraram maior autoconfiança e segurança no final do que no início do período (Friedman; p<0,05). Essa evolução foi notada principalmente entre a primeira e segunda aplicações dos questionários, ou seja, após a fase laboratorial simulada em manequim. Houve correlação entre autoconfiança e segurança aferidas pela NRS-101 e o desempenho prático (Spearman; r=0,3948 e r=0,3771, respectivamente; p<0,05). Observou-se aumento de autoconfiança e segurança dos estudantes após aprendizagem simulada em manequim, que se mostrou ligeiramente mais valiosa para evolução desses quesitos em comparação à experiência clínica.
APPLICATION OF FINISH-STRENGTHENING PROCESS WITH DIAMOND SMOOTHING FOR BEARING CAPACITY INCREASE OF JOINTS WITH TIGHTNESS
Authors: Шишкин Сергей , Shishkin Sergey 
Published: June 2019

The test results of stress joints with a regular micro-relief with the purpose of the assessment of their operation properties increase at finish-strengthening are shown. Thus, shaft endurance in insertions increases at relief application on the surface of a bush hole. It is explained with the pressure concentration decrease caused by a fit at the expense of the growth of joint contact flexibility. A similar effect is achieved at the creation of an artificial camber of a surface with the purpose of obtaining a characteristic diagram of a con-tact load distribution. The formation of a regular relief on the shaft surface results in, besides strengthening, the insignificant increase of the fatigue strength in joints.
The static strength increase in stressed joints with the regular micro-relief is explained by the contact interaction character of an unevenness at a cross as-semblage and by the increase of an actual contact area at mechanical pressing-in. At that at reassemblies it was observed a lesser decrease of their strength. A sharp increase of bearing capacity is typical for the mating at a balance of micro-relief high-step parame-ters on contact surfaces of a shaft and a bush. The results obtained lead to the idea of the creation of joints like threaded or splined joints at transferring an axial load or a rotational moment.
At the relief formation at the expense of some metal extrusion in overflows there is a raising of a sur-face “plateau” which is used for tightness increase of loose connections and also for rejects correction during manufacturing parts.
In such a way the application of efficient tech-nologies of regular micro-relief coatings along with strengthening increases considerably fatigue and static strength in joints with tightness.
SUBSTANTIATION OF DESIGN SOLUTIONS FOR PASSENGER CAR BODY BEARING STRUCTURES WITH PERFORATED REINFORCING ELEMENTS
Authors: Ашуркова Светлана , Ashurkova Svetlana , Антипин Дмитрий , Antipin Dmitriy 
Published: June 2019

As a method of investigations there is adopted a computer mathematical modeling based on the use of a finite element method. The choice of a type and perforation parameters is connected with the problem in the large array creation of bearing structure design models of passenger car bodies. The analysis of investigations carried out in the field of multi-variation computations has shown that the most efficient investigation method is a superelement reduction. Its use allows decreasing labor and time costs for the body design model development at the expense of the initial super-element with the perforation area for a new one.
The appraisal of the procedure offered on the choice of a body efficient bearing structure with the perforated profiles is carried out by the example of the body of a domestic passenger car according to the criteria of strength and assurance of the highest weight reduction of a bearing structure.
In the first stage of the work there are defined types and parameters of perforation possible for use in the structure. Finite element design models of car bodies are developed. On the basis of strength computation results the reinforcing elements of the structure are offered which have a margin safety for perforation application in them. Based on the analysis of car body bearing structure there is carried out a choice of an efficient unit of a finite element model which will be used as a super-element. In the next stage of the work there are developed and computed structures of car bodies with the perforation types under consideration and with the use of superelements.
The computation results have shown that maximum design stresses of car bodies for all perforation types under consideration do not exceed legitimate values. As an efficient bearing structure of a passenger car body there is adopted a car body with the sixth type of perforation ensuring the largest decrease of structure metal intensity and satisfying strength requirements.
The procedure developed can be used at designing modern bearing structures of passenger car bodies having improved technical and economic values.
Effect Addition of Different Probiotic in Aquaponic Systems Towards The Growth Rate and Survival Rate of Catfish (Clarias sp.)
Authors: Primashita Ayu Herdianti , Rahardja Boedi Setya , . Prayogo 
Published: June 2019

Catfish (Clarias sp.) is a freshwater fish that is widely cultivated because it is a leading commodity. Increased production of catfish resulted in extra area of cultivated land and water use. The technology suitable to be applied is aquaponic system. In addition to saving land and water use, Aquaponic is also improving business efficiency through the utilization of nutrients from food remains and fish metabolism. Water quality is an important factor for the success of cultivation. Maintenance catfish with the addition of probiotics in aquaponic system can be a solution for maintaining water quality, because it contains bacteria that can increase nitrite to nitrate changes that can be utilized for growth of plants and do not poison the fish. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of different probiotics in the aquaponic system towards growth rate and survival rate of catfish. The method that used in this research is experimental with completely randomized design (four treat and five repeated) are P0 (control), P1 (probiotic A), P2 (probiotic B) and P3 (probiotic C). Analysis of data processed using Analysis of Variance. If there are significant differences then continued Duncan's Multiple Range Test. The results showed that the giving of probiotics in the aquaponic system is significantly different (p <0.05). The final conclusion is that the addition of probiotics in aquaponic system affect the growth rate and survival rate of catfish. The highest specific growth rate (0.025%/ day) and the highest survival rate (77.8%) contained in the P2 treatment. The lowest specific growth rate (0.019% /day) and the lowest survival rate (64.4%) contained in P0 treatment (control).

Keywords : Aquaponic, Catfish, Probiotic, Growth Rate, Survival Rate, Clarias sp.
Effect of Cod Liver Oil in the Commercial Feed Cholesterol, Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) and High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) on Meat Fresh Water Prawns (Macrobrachium rosenbergii).
Authors: Ardiany Mega Fitria , . Agustono , Rahardja Boedi Setya 
Published: June 2019

Fresh water prawns are commodities freshwater fish that have economic value, particularly in Indonesia. As the development of tourism and a variety of culinary consumption in Indonesia fresh water prawns and open export opportunities. Fresh water prawns, high cholesterol is 385,03 mg/dl. Excessive cholesterol in the body will lead to a condition called atherosclerosis condition is the forerunner of heart disease and stroke. One of the efforts that must be undertaken to produce low cholesterol aquaculture products are engineered feed, supplementation with fatty acids derived from marine organisms. Through the fatty acid supplementation, it is expected that the levels of triglycerides and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) will decline so it can raise levels of high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL). Analysis of data using statistical test of Variant Analysis of variance (ANOVA) to determine the effect of treatment. If there are differences among the treatments continued with Duncan Multiple Range Test to determine the best treatment. Analysis of Variant (ANOVA) result a significant difference (p<0,05). The main parameters of total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) and low density lipoprotein (LDL) meat prawns tested at the Laboratory of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya. Parameter supporters observed that the maintenance of water quality fresh water prawns. Provision of cod liver oil at a dose of 12% can lower total cholesterol with the lowest levels of the other treatments, with an average of 88.3125 mg/dl. Provision of cod liver oil at a dose of 12% can reduce low density lipoprotein (LDL) levels were lowest from other treatments with an average of 197.72 mg/dl. Provision of cod liver oil at a dose of 12% can increase high density lipoprotein (HDL) levels were highest from other treatments with an average of 128.84 mg/dl.

Keywords : Cholesterol, Low density lipoprotein (LDL), High density lipoprotein (HDL)
Inventarisation of Protozoan and Arthropoda Ectoparasitic Infestation in Freshwater Fish in Banyuwangi City, East Java
Authors: Ulkhaq Mohammad Faizal , Budi Darmawan Setia , , Kismiyati 
Published: June 2019

Detriment caused by ectoparasitic infestation was not as big detriment caused by infestation of other organisms such as viruses and bacteria, but it could be a predisposing factor for the infection of more dangerous pathogenic in fish. The aims of this study was to inventory ectoparasites that infecting freshwater fish cultivated in several districts in the Banyuwangi, in which the results were expected to be used as a reference in an effort to prevent the spread of disease in fish culture. The sample of research consisted of tilapia fish, carp and catfish which were obtained from six sub districts in Banyuwangi, those were Kota, Kabat, Licin, Kalipuro, Giri, and Glagah. The ectoparasite examination method was performed naturally by scraping the surface of the body, fins and gills of the fish, then observed under a microscope with magnification ranging from 40 to 400x. The results of further observations were documented and identified by key identification. Ectoparasites which were found infesting freshwater fish in the city of Banyuwangi consisted of 4 genuses: namely Argulus, Lernaea, Chonopeltis and Trichodina. Further research is needed to determine the prevalence and intensity of ectoparasites in order to prevent the spread of ectoparasites in other regions.

Keywords: Inventarisation, ectoparasites, freshwater fish, Banyuwangi
Performance of Kappaphycus alvarezii Seaweed from Maumere and Tembalang in Longline System Cultivation
Authors: Zainuddin Fadli , Rusdani M. Masyarul 
Published: June 2019

The Kappaphycus alvarezii seaweed widely cultivated originates from Maumere and Tembalang. Kappaphycus alvarezii has a high economic value because of the high carrageenan content used in food products, cosmetics, and medicines. This research was evaluated the performance of seaweed (Maumere and Tembalang) cultivated using longline method near to the shore. Research was conducted by cultivating seaweed using lines extending 50 m long, of each 2 ropes for Maumere seaweed and the other 2 ropes for Tembalang, and then the seaweeds were cultivated for 45 days. Daily control and sampling were conducted to determine the performance of seaweed every 15 days as well as water sampling was taken to determine the water quality of the cultivation location. The results showed that Maumere seaweed performance was higher than Tembalang seaweed and that the water quality was suitable for seaweed cultivation.

Keywords: Performance, Kappaphycus alvarezii, Tembalang, Maumere
Application of Bioflocs Combined with Probiotics for Prevention of Vibrio Parahaemolyticus Infection In White Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei)
Authors: Azhar Fariq 
Published: June 2019

Shrimp farming with intensive system was causing many problems. The presence of disease problems in shrimp caused by bacteria, viruses, or co-infection was a problem that must be solved. The use of probiotics and biofloc was one way to overcome the existing diseases. In addition, the combination was expected to improve the performance of the shrimp immune system. This study aimed to evaluate the using of biofloc combined with probiotics against vannamei (Litopenaeus vannamei) immune system in the challenge test with V. parahaemolyticus. This research was conducted for 5 months. The treatments were the addition of commercial probiotics in the culture medium with biofloc system on the feed in the form of negative control (without probiotics + without biofloc) (1), positive control (biofloc culture medium and without probiotic adduction) (2), probiotics I + bioflok (3 ), probiotics II + biofloc (4), and probiotics III + bioflok (5). The results obtained for the performance performance of the shrimp immune system that the best in treatment 4 (probiotic II + biofloc) with SR yield of 76.67%, THC of 9.7 x 106 ml-1, and total bacterial count of 1.59 x 107.

Keywords: Vannamei, Probiotics, Biofloc, Immune System.