bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ATP promotes immunosuppressive capacities of mesenchymal stromal cells by enhancing the expression of indoleamine dioxygenase
Authors: Lotfi Ramin , Steppe Lena , Hang Regina , Rojewski Markus , Massold Marina , Jahrsdörfer Bernd , Schrezenmeier Hubert 
Published: October 2018

AbstractIntroductionMSCs are often found within tumors, promote cancer progression and enhance metastasis. MSCs can act as immuosuppressive cells, partially due to the expression of the enzyme indoleamine dioxygenase (IDO) which converts tryptophan to kynurenine. Decreased concentration of tryptophan and increased kynurenine, both interfere with effective immune response. Damage associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) including ATP are found within the tumor microenvironment, attract MSCs, and influence their biology.MethodsBone marrow derived MSCs were exposed to ATP for 4 days, in the presence of 100 ng IFNγ/mL. Intracellular expression of IDO in MSCs was assessed by FACS. Conditioned media from thus stimulated MSCs was analyzed for kynurenine content and its suppressive effect on lymphocyte proliferation. Apyrase or P2 × 7‐receptor antagonist (AZ 11645373) were applied in order to inhibit ATP induced effect on MSCs.ResultsWe demonstrate, that ATP at concentrations between 0.062 and 0.5 mM increases dose dependently the expression of IDO in MSCs with subsequent increased kynurenine concentrations within the supernatant at about 60%. This effect could be abolished completely in the presence of ATP degrading enzyme (apyrase) or when MSCs were pretreated with a P2 × 7‐receptor antagonist (AZ 11645373). Consistently, supernatants from MSCs stimulated with ATP, inhibited lymphocyte proliferation from 65% to 16%.ConclusionsWe characterized ATP as a DAMP family member responsible for necrosis‐induced immunomodulation. Given the increased concentration of DAMPs within tumor tissue and the fact that DAMPs can act as chemotattractants to MSCs, our results have implications for therapeutic strategies targeting the tumor microenvironment.
Exports, capital inflows, relative prices, and income growth in South Korea: An application of the balance of payments constraint growth model
Authors: Darku Alexander Bilson 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe main objective of this paper is to use the balance of payment constraint growth model to examine the major determinants of income growth in South Korea, emphasizing the importance of exports, capital inflows, and relative prices. The autoregressive distributed lag approach to cointegration is employed to specify the short‐ and long‐run determinants of income growth. The main empirical results suggest that beside the growth in exports, which is the emphasis of the export‐led growth models, growth in capital inflows and relative prices have also played important roles in the growth process in South Korea. A formal test of the model confirmed the validity of the results. We also found that growth in capital inflows has the greatest effect on income growth in South Korea.
Surgical pelvic anatomy in gynecologic oncology
Authors: Puntambekar Shailesh , Manchanda Ranjit 
Published: October 2018

AbstractLaparoscopy, with its many advantages, has revolutionized the field of pelvic surgery and enabled surgeons to gain a far greater understanding of pelvic anatomy. As technology evolves, our understanding is continuously improving. This article is a tribute to the anatomy of the pelvis, which itself has resisted evolutionary changes and remained the same, whereas our understanding of how to view and approach various organ structures has evolved.
MicroRNA‐107 regulates anesthesia‐induced neural injury in embryonic stem cell derived neurons
Authors: Jiang Jun Dan , Zheng Xiao Chun , Huang Feng Yi , Gao Fei , You Mei Zhen , Zheng Ting 
Published: October 2018

SummaryKetamine, though widely used in pediatric anesthesia, may induce cortical neurotoxicity in young patients. This study focused on an in vitro model of rat brain embryonic stem cell (ESC)‐derived neurons to investigate the effects of microRNA‐107 (miR‐107) on ketamine‐induced neural injury. Rat brain ESCs were proliferated in vitro and differentiated toward neuronal fate. Ketamine induced neural injury in ESC‐derived neurons was inspected by TUNEL and neurite growth assays. Ketamine‐induce aberrant miR‐107 expression was examined by qRT‐PCR. MiR‐107 was downregulated in ESCs through lentiviral transduction. Its effect on ketamine‐induced neural injury in ESC‐derived neurons was then examined. Potential downstream target of miR‐107, brain derived neurotrophin factor (BDNF), was inspected by dual‐luciferase reporter assay and qRT‐PCR. BDNF was knocked down, through siRNA transfection, in NSCs to investigate its functional involvement in miR‐107 mediated neural protection in ketamine‐injured NSC‐derived neurons. Ketamine induced apoptosis, neurite degeneration, and upregulated miR‐107 in NSC‐derived neurons. Lentivirus‐mediated miR‐107 downregulation attenuated ketamine‐induced neural injury. BDNF was proven to be directly and inversely regulated by miR‐107 in NSC‐derived neurons. SiRNA‐mediated BDNF inhibition reversed the protective effect of miR‐107 downregulation on ketamine injury in NSC‐derived neurons. MiR‐107 / BDNF was demonstrated to be an important epigenetic signaling pathway in regulating ketamine‐induced neural injury in cortical neurons. © 2018 The Authors. IUBMB Life published by Wiley Periodicals,Inc. on behalf of International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology., 71(1):20–27, 2019
Wireless vitals—Proof of concept for wireless patient monitoring in an emergency department setting
Authors: Glasin Joakim , Henricson Joakim , Lindberg Lars‐Göran , Wilhelms Daniel 
Published: October 2018

Vital sign assessment is a common task in emergency medicine, but resources for continuous monitoring are restricted, data is often recorded manually, and entangled wires cause frustration. Therefore, we designed a small, wireless photoplethysmographic device capable of continuously assessing pulse, respiratory frequency and oxygen saturation on the sternum and tested the performance and feasibility in an emergency department setting.Fifty (56.3 ± 20.2 years), consenting emergency patients (29 male) were recruited. Heart rate, respiratory rate and oxygen saturation were recorded simultaneously using the device and standard monitoring equipment. Data was compared using Bland‐Altman plotting (heart rate, respiratory rate) and mean difference (oxygen saturation).The bias for heart‐ and respiratory rate was 0.4 (limits of agreements −11.3, 12.2 and −6.1, 7.0). Mean difference for oxygen saturation was −0.21 ± 2.35%.This may be the first wireless device to use photoplethysmography on the sternum for vital sign assessment. We noted good agreement with standard monitors, but lack of standardization in data processing between monitoring systems may limit the generalizability of these findings. Although further improvements are needed, the feasibility of this approach provides proof of concept for a new paradigm of large scale, wireless patient monitoring.
Linear gadolinium‐based contrast agent (gadodiamide and gadopentetate dimeglumine)‐induced high signal intensity on unenhanced T1‐weighted images in pediatric patients
Authors: Ichikawa Shintaro , Omiya Yoshie , Onishi Hiroshi , Motosugi Utaroh 
Published: October 2018

BackgroundRecent studies of adults have found an association between hyperintensity of the dentate nucleus (DN) and globus pallidus (GP) on T1‐weighted images (T1WI) and a history of linear gadolinium‐based contrast agent (GBCA) administration. Several reports have also focused on this phenomenon in pediatric patients; however, data in the current literature remains limited.Purpose/HypothesisTo evaluate the associations between DN and GP T1‐signal increase and previous administration of linear GBCAs in pediatric patients.Study TypeSingle‐center, retrospective, cross‐sectional study.PopulationWe included pediatric patients with histories of ≥5 linear GBCA (gadodiamide and gadopentetate dimeglumine) administrations (the “≥5 Linear GBCA administrations” group), 1–4 administrations (the “1–4 Linear GBCA administrations” group), and no history of GBCA administration (the “No GBCA administration” group). Each group included 42 patients. Therefore, 126 patients (male:female, 72:54; median age, 16 [range, 4–18] years) were included in this study.Field Strength/Sequence1.5T/ Spin‐echo unenhanced T1‐weighted imaging.AssessmentUnenhanced T1‐weighted images were quantitatively analyzed by two radiologists. The DN‐to‐pons and GP‐to‐thalamus signal intensity ratios (DN‐to‐pons and GP‐to‐thalamus ratios, respectively) were compared.Statistical TestsWilcoxon test with the Bonferroni correction and intraclass correlation coefficients.ResultsThe DN‐to‐pons ratio increased as the number of GBCA administrations increased (P < 0.0063). The GP‐to‐thalamus ratio of the “≥5 Linear GBCA administrations” group was significantly higher than those of the other two groups (P < 0.0001). The GP‐to‐thalamus ratio of the “1–4 Linear GBCA administrations” group did not differ significantly from that of the “No GBCA administration” group (P = 1.000). The DN‐to‐pons and GP‐to‐thalamus ratios' interobserver intraclass correlation coefficients were excellent (0.8236) and good (0.6738), respectively.Data ConclusionHigh signal intensities in the DN and GP on T1WI were associated with previous linear GBCA administration in pediatric patients.Level of Evidence: 3Technical Efficacy: Stage 2J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2019;49:1046–1052.
Preparing healthcare delivery organizations for managing computable knowledge
Authors: Adler‐Milstein Julia , Nong Paige , Friedman Charles P. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractIntroductionThe growth of data science has led to an explosion in new knowledge alongside various approaches to representing and sharing biomedical knowledge in computable form. These changes have not been matched by an understanding of what healthcare delivery organizations need to do to adapt and continuously deploy computable knowledge. It is therefore important to begin to conceptualize such changes in order to facilitate routine and systematic application of knowledge that improves the health of individuals and populations.MethodsAn AHRQ‐funded conference convened a group of experts from a range of fields to analyze the current state of knowledge management in healthcare delivery organizations and describe how it needs to evolve to enable computable knowledge management. Presentations and discussions were recorded and analyzed by the author team to identify foundational concepts and new domains of healthcare delivery organization knowledge management capabilities.ResultsThree foundational concepts include 1) the current state of knowledge management in healthcare delivery organizations relies on an outdated biomedical library model, and only a small number of organizations have developed enterprise‐scale knowledge management approaches that “push” knowledge in computable form to frontline decisions, 2) the concept of Learning Health Systems creates an imperative for scalable computable knowledge management approaches, and 3) the ability to represent data science discoveries in computable form that is FAIR (findable, accessible, interoperable, reusable) is fundamental to spread knowledge at scale. For healthcare delivery organizations to engage with computable knowledge management at scale, they will need new organizational capabilities across three domains: policies and processes, technology, and people. Examples of specific capabilities were developed.ConclusionsHealthcare delivery organizations need to substantially scale up and retool their knowledge management approaches in order to benefit from computable biomedical knowledge.
Validation of a performance‐based assessment of cognitive functional ability in Parkinson's disease
Authors: Holden Samantha K. , Medina Luis D. , Hoyt Brian , Sillau Stefan H. , Berman Brian D. , Goldman Jennifer G. , Weintraub Daniel , Kluger Benzi M. 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACTBackground: Outcome measures that capture functional abilities related to cognition offer the potential to demonstrate real‐world effectiveness of cognitive‐enhancing treatments. However, distinguishing functional disability related to cognition from that attributed to motor symptoms can be difficult in PD. A performance‐based functional assessment allows for direct observation of activity of daily living skills and separation of cognitive from motoric disabilities.Objectives: Validate the University of California San Diego Performance‐Based Skills Assessment in PD.Methods: One hundred PD participants, ranging from normal cognition to dementia, completed the University of California San Diego Performance‐Based Skills Assessment, a performance‐based measure of cognitively demanding activities of daily living, as well as a neuropsychological battery and motor examination. Cognitive classification was determined by consensus conference, blinded to University of California San Diego Performance‐Based Skills Assessment scores. Psychometric properties of the University of California San Diego Performance‐Based Skills Assessment, including internal consistency, test‐retest and inter‐rater reliability, and discriminant validity for dementia, were examined.Results: The University of California San Diego Performance‐Based Skills Assessment demonstrated strong internal consistency (Cronbach's α = 0.82) and test‐retest reliability (r = 0.89) and correlated strongly with global cognition (Mattis Dementia Rating Scale: r = 0.80; P < 0.001). University of California San Diego Performance‐Based Skills Assessment regression models indicated greater contribution from cognitive explanatory variables (marginal partial: R2 = 0.33) than motor variables (marginal partial: R2 = 0.05), controlling for age, education, disease duration, and l‐dopa equivalent dose. Additionally, the University of California San Diego Performance‐Based Skills Assessment exhibited strong discriminant validity for dementia (area under the curve = 0.91).Conclusions: The University of California San Diego Performance‐Based Skills Assessment is a valid measure of functional abilities related to cognition rather than motor symptoms in PD. Furthermore, it reliably distinguishes demented from nondemented participants. The University of California San Diego Performance‐Based Skills Assessment may be considered as an outcome measure that combines cognitive and functional abilities in treatment trials for cognitive impairment in PD. © 2018 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
A compact dc‐break for ECR ion source @ 18 GHZ
Authors: Leonardi O. , Torrisi G. , Sorbello G. , Celona L. , Gammino S. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThis paper shows simulations and experimental result of a 1.5 kW waveguide DC‐Break designed for the AISHa ion source in commissioning phase at INFN‐LNS.The DC‐Break was designed to fulfill an insulation of 50 kV, power losses lower than 0.5 dB by considering the compactness as key requirement.
Mounting‐insensitive nonpolarizing guided‐mode resonance filters for optical communications
Authors: Ren Zhibin , Sun Yahui , Zhang Shuqing , Hu Jiasheng , Lin Zihao 
Published: October 2018

AbstractMounting‐insensitive nonpolarizing guided‐mode resonance filters (GMRFs) for the optical communication wavelength O‐band and C‐band have been designed and fabricated. The rigorous coupled‐wave analysis (RCWA) is used to calculate the reflection spectra of the designed GMRFs. The grating structures of the GMRFs are patterned by interference lithography with two ultraviolet laser beams. The reflection spectra of the fabricated samples at different incident angles are measured by rotating a motorized stage. Compared with previous reported one‐dimensional nonpolarizing GMRFs, the tolerances of conical angle of the fabricated samples are remarkably improved.
Compact size of the UWB BPF using π‐type meander structure and folding short stubs
Authors: Yoon Ki‐Cheol , Lee Tae‐Hyeon , Kim Chang‐Soon , Shin Kwang‐Seob , Son Kwang‐Chul , Kim Seong‐Cheol 
Published: October 2018

AbstractIn this article, the reduced size of the ultra‐wide band (UWB) band‐pass filter (BPF) with λg/4 short stubs using π‐type meander structure and folding short stubs is presented. The π‐type meander structure and folding short stubs are adopted instead of the λg/4 transmission line (TL) and λg/4 short stubs to reduce the size of the proposed BPF. The overall size of the new BPF is reduced by 72.5% over the conventional BPF and other filters. The measurement results of the insertion and return losses are 1.61 and 15.4 dB with a bandwidth of 125% (1.96‐9.20 GHz) at a center frequency of 5.8 GHz. The total size of the BPF is 5.13 × 5.36 mm2. It is applied to a coordinate intelligent transport system. The proposed BPF can be fabricated for semiconductors because of its planar structure.
Reduced oxygen concentration during in vitro oocyte maturation alters global DNA methylation in the maternal pronucleus of subsequent zygotes in cattle
Authors: Bennemann Johanna , Grothmann Hanna , Wrenzycki Christine 
Published: October 2018

AbstractPreimplantation epigenetic reprogramming is sensitive to the environment of the gametes and the embryo. In vitro maturation (IVM) of bovine oocytes is a critical step of embryo in vitro production procedures and several factors influence its efficiency, including atmospheric oxygen tension. The possibility that the IVM environment can alter this process is tested by determining whether the global DNA methylation pattern (measured via immunofluorescent labeling of 5‐methylcytosine [5meC]) in the parental pronuclei of bovine zygotes produced from cumulus–oocyte complexes matured under low (5%) and atmospheric (~20%) oxygen tension. Normalized 5meC signals differed significantly between maternal and paternal pronuclei of oocytes matured in vitro at 5% oxygen (p ≤ 0.05). There was a significant difference of 5meC between maternal pronuclei of oocytes matured at 5% oxygen and 20% oxygen (
p ≤ 0.05). The relative methylation level (normalized fluorescence intensity of paternal pronucleus divided by the normalized fluorescence intensity of maternal pronucleus) subsequent to maturation in vitro at 5% and 20% oxygen was also significantly altered (
p ≤ 0.05). Our results show that the pattern of global DNA methylation in the maternal pronucleus of bovine zygotes is affected by maturing the oocytes under low oxygen tension which may have an impact on early embryonic development. These data may contribute to the understanding of possible effects of IVM conditions on pronucleus reprogramming.
A design method of spatiotemporal optical pulse using level‐set based time domain topology optimization
Authors: Yasuda Hideki , Yamada Takayuki , Nishiwaki Shinji 
Published: October 2018

SummaryRecently, two emerging areas of photonics research, ultrafast photonics, and nanophotonics have started to come together. One of the main problems in this field is the precise control of spatial and temporal profiles of the optical pulses. In this paper, we propose a design method for user‐specified spatiotemporal optical pulses using a level set‐based time‐domain topology optimization method. In the proposed method, the optimization problem is formulated based on time domain Maxwell equations so that the spatiotemporal optical pulses can be treated directly. The objective function is defined using the envelope information of the pulses, and an efficient way to calculate this information, based on calculations of the complex electromagnetic field, is introduced. A level set‐based topology optimization method is applied to obtain optimized configurations.Using the proposed method, the spatiotemporal user‐specified pulse profiles can be designed by modifying the structural details of the nanostructures through which the pulses propagate. As a simple example, we demonstrate that the optimized structures focus optical pulses into a single or multiple focal points with a user‐specified pulse‐width. The results show that the proposed method is able to design highly controlled spatiotemporal optical pulses by engineering the nanophotonic structure.
Keratin 17 in disease pathogenesis: from cancer to dermatoses
Authors: Yang Luting , Zhang Shaolong , Wang Gang 
Published: October 2018

AbstractKeratin 17 (K17) is a type I intermediate filament mainly expressed in the basal cells of epithelia. As a multifaceted cytoskeletal protein, K17 regulates a myriad of biological processes, including cell proliferation and growth, skin inflammation and hair follicle cycling. Aberrant overexpression of K17 is found in various diseases ranging from psoriasis to malignancies such as breast, cervical, oral squamous and gastric carcinomas. Moreover, genetic mutation in KRT17 is related to tissue‐specific diseases, represented by steatocystoma multiplex and pachyonychia congenita. In this review, we summarize our findings concerning the regulatory mechanisms of K17 overexpression in psoriasis and compare them to the literature relating to other diseases. We discuss data that proinflammatory cytokines, including interleukin‐17 (IL‐17), IL‐22, interferon‐gamma (IFN‐γ), transforming growth factor‐beta (TGF‐β) and transcription factors glioma‐associated oncogene homolog 1/2 (Gli1/2), Nrf2 and p53 can regulate K17 by transcriptional and translational control. Moreover, post‐translational modification, including phosphorylation and ubiquitination, is involved in the regulation of K17 stability and biological functions. We therefore review the current understanding of the K17 regulatory mechanism and its pathogenic role in diseases from dermatoses to cancer. Prospects for anti‐K17 therapy in diagnosis, prognosis and disease treatment are also discussed. Copyright © 2018 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Cellular polarity modulates drug resistance in primary colorectal cancers via orientation of the multidrug resistance protein ABCB1
Authors: Ashley Neil , Ouaret Djamila , Bodmer Walter F 
Published: October 2018

AbstractColonic epithelial cells are highly polarised with a lumen‐facing apical membrane, termed the brush border, and a basal membrane in contact with the underlying extracellular matrix (ECM). This polarity is often maintained in cancer tissue in the form of neoplastic glands and has prognostic value. We compared the cellular polarity of several ex vivo spheroid colonic cancer cultures with their parental tumours and found that those grown as non‐attached colonies exhibited apical brush border proteins on their outer cellular membranes. Transfer of these cultures to an ECM, such as collagen, re‐established the centralised apical polarity observed in vivo. The multidrug resistance protein ABCB1 also became aberrantly polarised to outer colony membranes in suspension cultures, unlike cultures grown in collagen, where it was polarised to central lumens. This polarity switch was dependent on the presence of serum or selected serum components, including epidermal growth factor (EGF), transforming growth factor‐β1 (TGF‐β1) and insulin‐like growth factor‐1 (IGF‐1). The apical/basal orientation of primary cancer colon cultures cultured in collagen/serum was modulated by α2β1 integrin signalling. The polarisation of ABCB1 in colonies significantly altered drug uptake and sensitivity, as the outward polarisation of ABCB1 in suspension colonies effluxed substrates more effectively than ECM‐grown colonies with ABCB1 polarised to central lumens. Thus, serum‐free suspension colonies were more resistant to a variety of anti‐cancer drugs than ECM‐grown colonies. In conclusion, the local stroma, or absence thereof, can have profound effects on the sensitivity of colorectal cultures to drugs that are ABCB1 substrates. © 2018 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.