bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
« À l’occasion du travail » : une notion classique utile à la reconnaissance de l’obligation de disponibilité des travailleurs? Une exploration de la jurisprudence
Authors: Bruno Gabriella , Martel Nancy , Vallée Guylaine 
Published: April 2019

Les mutations de l’organisation du travail remettent en question le cadre traditionnel d’exécution du travail et transforment la disponibilité temporelle attendue du salarié, qui s’étend bien au-delà de la période pendant laquelle il exécute un travail. Cette obligation du salarié d’être disponible pour répondre à une éventuelle demande de l’employeur a pour conséquence d’étendre les risques reliés au travail au-delà des lieux de l’entreprise ou du temps spécifiquement consacré à l’exécution du travail. Notre article a pour objectif de déterminer, au moyen d’une analyse jurisprudentielle, si l’expression « à l’occasion du travail », comprise dans la définition de la notion d’« accident du travail » dans la Loi sur les accidents du travail et les maladies professionnelles, permet de reconnaître les lésions subies par des travailleurs qui sont assujettis à une obligation de disponibilité.

Globalement, l’application ou l’interprétation des termes « à l’occasion du travail » paraît favorable à la reconnaissance des lésions subies par des travailleurs soumis à une telle obligation. Toutefois, une analyse du contenu des décisions révèle que l’interprétation de cette expression n’est pas uniforme. D’une part, il existe deux courants d’interprétation de celle-ci dans la jurisprudence étudiée, courants qui ne reconnaissent pas de manière équivalente le caractère professionnel des lésions subies par des travailleurs assujettis à des obligations de disponibilité similaires. D’autre part, l’organisme administratif chargé de statuer sur des réclamations de travailleurs assujettis à une obligation de disponibilité paraît peu enclin à conclure qu’il s’agit de lésions professionnelles, contrairement aux décisions rendues par le tribunal.
L’arbitrage consensuel et le droit québécois : un survol
Authors: Gélinas Fabien , Marchisio Giacomo 
Published: April 2019

Le présent article se penchera sur l’arbitrage consensuel en droit québécois, tel que régi par le Code civil du Québec et le Code de procédure civile. Nous traiterons en premier lieu de la notion d’arbitrage, pour aborder ensuite la base contractuelle de l’arbitrage, c’est-à-dire la convention d’arbitrage. Enfin, nous nous pencherons sur la procédure d’arbitrage, avant d’examiner les modalités d’exécution et de contrôle d’une sentence arbitrale. Tout au long de l’article, nous soulignerons les apports de sources internationales et transnationales dans le façonnement du droit québécois de l’arbitrage (tant interne qu’international), telles la Loi type de la CNUDCI ainsi que la Convention de New York de 1958 en matière de reconnaissance et d’exécution des sentences arbitrales étrangères. De plus, nous nous attarderons sur le rôle clé que jouent la Cour suprême et les tribunaux québécois dans l’ouverture progressive à des positions jurisprudentielles internationalement reconnues, appuyant l’arbitrage comme un mode privilégié de règlement de différends privés. Enfin, dans la conclusion, une épineuse question sera soulevée, à savoir si les traditions juridiques ont encore un rôle à jouer dans le domaine de l’arbitrage consensuel. Si la mise en place d’un régime de droit de l’arbitrage fortement harmonisé à l’échelle internationale est une donnée incontestable du portrait normatif, il reste à voir à quel point et pour combien de temps cette cohérence d’ensemble pourra être maintenue. La même interrogation se pose au sujet de la tendance favorable à l’arbitrage, la favor arbitrandi, qui est à l’origine du succès des réformes législatives visant l’harmonisation.
Risk factors for repeat percutaneous coronary intervention in young patients (≤45 years of age) with acute coronary syndrome
Authors: Han Tianwen , Wang Qun , Yang Huanwan , Zhou Shanshan , Wang Jing , Jing Jing , Zhang Tao , Liu Yuqi , Chen Yundai 
Published: April 2019

Background
The incidences of premature coronary heart disease present a rising trend worldwide. The possible risk factors that may predict the incidence of repeat percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in premature acute coronary syndrome (ACS) remains unclear.

Methods
A total of 203 patients ≤45 years with ACS from Chinese PLA General Hospital who have undergone angiography twice were included in this report. Data were collected from medical records of patients during hospitalization. Baseline characteristics which have significant differences in the univariate analysis were enrolled into the multiple logistic regression analysis. According to the odds ratio (OR) of these variables, different values were assigned to build a risk model to predict the possible risk of the premature ACS patients undergoing repeat PCI.

Results
Of the 203 young patients, 88 patients (43.3%) underwent repeat PCI. The intermit time (OR 1.002, (95% CI [1.001–1.002])), diastolic blood pressure of second procedure (OR 0.967, (95% CI [0.938–0.996])), stent diameter (OR 0.352, (95% CI [0.148–0.840])), HbA1C of the first procedure (OR 1.835, (95% CI [1.358–2.479])), and Troponin T of the second procedure (OR 1.24, (95% CI [0.981–1.489])) were significantly associated with the incidence of repeat PCI in patients with premature ACS. An aggregate score between 0 and 6 was calculated based on these cutpoints.

Conclusion
For young patients with premature ACS, risk of undergoing repeat PCI was high. HbA1C was a significant, independent predictor for the incidence of repeat revascularization, and weighed more than traditional lipid profile. The glucose metabolism and disorders in patients with premature ACS should be routinely screened.
Overwork-related disorders and recent improvement of national policy in South Korea
Authors: Kim Inah , Koo Min Ji , Lee Hye-Eun , Won Yong Lim , Song Jaechul 
Published: April 2019

Abstract

Objectives
Recently, overwork-related disorders have become a major public health concern in Korea. This study investigated the current trends of working hours, causes of death in the working population, and compensation rates.

Methods
We reviewed the current trends of working hours, cause of death statistics in the working population, industrial accident compensation insurance (IACI) statistics, issues of compensation and prevention of work-related cerebro-cardio vascular diseases (CCVDs), mental disorders, and suicide.

Results
Although weekly working hours and the proportion of long working days have decreased, workers in small companies with fewer than five employees and those in the service sector continue to work long hours. The age standardized mortality due to CCVD and suicide was highest among those with managerial roles. In total, 589 CCVD cases and 104 mental disorder or suicide cases were compensated as occupational diseases in 2017. Between 2016 and 2017, 61% of 59 compensated suicides were related to overwork, specifically: long working hours, increased responsibility, or increased workload. The Korean government has introduced various policies to reduce working hours and to increase compensation approval rate for overwork-related CCVDs. Stakeholders have called for the introduction of independent laws to prevent overwork-related disorders, change organizational culture, and address the blind spots of the IACI Act and Labor Standard Act.

Conclusions
Prevention and compensation policies have improved working conditions in Korea, but there remains much to be done. This review significantly contributes to the understanding of the overall policies and research to prevent overwork-related disorders in Korea.
Conjugated Polyelectrolytes as Multifunctional Passivating and Hole‐Transporting Layers for Efficient Perovskite Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Lee Seungjin , Jang Chung Hyeon , Nguyen Thanh Luan , Kim Su Hwan , Lee Kyung Min , Chang Kiseok , Choi Su Seok , Kwak Sang Kyu , Woo Han Young , Song Myoung Hoon 
Published: April 2019

AbstractMetal halide perovskites (MHPs) have attracted significant attention as light‐emitting materials owing to their high color purities and tunabilities. A key issue in perovskite light‐emitting diodes (PeLEDs) is the fabrication of an optimal charge transport layer (CTL), which has desirable energy levels for efficient charge injection while blocking opposite charges and enabling perovskite layer growth with reduced interfacial defects. Herein, two poly(fluorene‐phenylene)‐based anionic conjugated polyelectrolytes (CPEs) with different counterions (K+ and tetramethylammonium (TMA+)) are presented as multifunctional passivating and hole‐transporting layers (HTLs). The crystal growth of MHPs grown on different HTLs is investigated through X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction, and density functional theory calculation. The CPE bearing the TMA+ counterions remarkably improves the growth of perovskites with suppressed interfacial defects, leading to significantly enhanced emission properties and device performance. The luminescent properties are further enhanced via aging and electrical stress application with effective rearrangement of the counterions on the interfacial defects in the perovskites. Finally, efficient formamidinium lead tribromide‐based quasi‐2D PeLEDs with an external quantum efficiency of 10.2% are fabricated. Using CPEs with varying counterions as a CTL can serve as an effective method for controlling the interfacial defects and improving perovskite‐based optoelectronic device properties.
Near‐Infrared‐II Molecular Dyes for Cancer Imaging and Surgery
Authors: Zhu Shoujun , Tian Rui , Antaris Alexander L. , Chen Xiaoyuan , Dai Hongjie 
Published: April 2019

AbstractFluorescence bioimaging affords a vital tool for both researchers and surgeons to molecularly target a variety of biological tissues and processes. This review focuses on summarizing organic dyes emitting at a biological transparency window termed the near‐infrared‐II (NIR‐II) window, where minimal light interaction with the surrounding tissues allows photons to travel nearly unperturbed throughout the body. NIR‐II fluorescence imaging overcomes the penetration/contrast bottleneck of imaging in the visible region, making it a remarkable modality for early diagnosis of cancer and highly sensitive tumor surgery. Due to their convenient bioconjugation with peptides/antibodies, NIR‐II molecular dyes are desirable candidates for targeted cancer imaging, significantly overcoming the autofluorescence/scattering issues for deep tissue molecular imaging. To promote the clinical translation of NIR‐II bioimaging, advancements in the high‐performance small molecule–derived probes are critically important. Here, molecules with clinical potential for NIR‐II imaging are discussed, summarizing the synthesis and chemical structures of NIR‐II dyes, chemical and optical properties of NIR‐II dyes, bioconjugation and biological behavior of NIR‐II dyes, whole body imaging with NIR‐II dyes for cancer detection and surgery, as well as NIR‐II fluorescence microscopy imaging. A key perspective on the direction of NIR‐II molecular dyes for cancer imaging and surgery is also discussed.
Structural and Functional Diversity in Lead‐Free Halide Perovskite Materials
Authors: Ning Weihua , Gao Feng 
Published: April 2019

AbstractLead halide perovskites have emerged as promising semiconducting materials for different applications owing to their superior optoelectronic properties. Although the community holds different views toward the toxic lead in these high‐performance perovskites, it is certainly preferred to replace lead with nontoxic, or at least less‐toxic, elements while maintaining the superior properties. Here, the design rules for lead‐free perovskite materials with structural dimensions from 3D to 0D are presented. Recent progress in lead‐free halide perovskites is reviewed, and the relationships between the structures and fundamental properties are summarized, including optical, electric, and magnetic‐related properties. 3D perovskites, especially A2B+B3+X6‐type double perovskites, demonstrate very promising optoelectronic prospects, while low‐dimensional perovskites show rich structural diversity, resulting in abundant properties for optical, electric, magnetic, and multifunctional applications. Furthermore, based on these structure–property relationships, strategies for multifunctional perovskite design are proposed. The challenges and future directions of lead‐free perovskite applications are also highlighted, with emphasis on materials development and device fabrication. The research on lead‐free halide perovskites at Linköping University has benefited from inspirational discussions with Prof. Olle Inganäs.
Unlocking the Lithium Storage Capacity of Aluminum by Molecular Immobilization and Purification
Authors: Xia Guanglin , Zhang Hongyu , Liang Ming , Zhang Jian , Sun Weiwei , Fang Fang , Sun Dalin , Yu Xuebin 
Published: April 2019

AbstractAluminum is regarded as a promising alternative for graphite anode in next‐generation lithium‐ion batteries, but its application is hindered by the simultaneous presence of aluminum oxide and the huge volume changes. Herein, hydrogenation‐induced self‐assembly of robust Al nanocrystals with high purity that are uniformly anchored on graphene is demonstrated. The strong molecular interaction between Al and graphene can not only thermodynamically facilitate the homogenous distribution of Al on graphene but also effectively alleviate the volume changes and preserve the structural integrity of the electrode. More importantly, density functional theory calculations reveal that the absence of oxidation can lower the energy barrier for Li diffusion inside the Al matrix to less than 1/6 of that in an Al matrix with only one monolayer coverage of oxygen. These unique structural features enable the aluminum/graphene nanosheets (Al@GNs) electrode to realize a high reversible capacity of 1219 mAh g−1 and an excellent cycling stability with capacity of 766 mAh g−1 after 1000 cycles at the 3 A g−1 rate. Furthermore, a full cell, comprising an Al@GNs anode and LiFePO4 cathode, exhibits remarkable capacity retention of 96.4% after 100 cycles at the 0.5 A g−1 rate.
Robust, Easy‐Cleaning Superhydrophobic/Superoleophilic Copper Meshes for Oil/Water Separation under Harsh Conditions
Authors: Pang Bo , Liu Huan , Liu Peiwen , Zhang Hua , Avramidis Georg , Chen Longquan , Deng Xu , Viöl Wolfgang , Zhang Kai 
Published: April 2019

AbstractFacile and low‐cost methods for the fabrication of superhydrophobic and superoleophilic materials to effectively separate oil/water mixtures are of great interest and significance. Especially, those with robust surfaces for the separation under harsh conditions including corrosive solutions and hot water are still very challenging. In this paper, Cu(OH)2 nanoneedles and CuO nanoplates are controllably generated on copper meshes by simply changing the oxidization time. After hydrophobic coating with polydimethylsiloxane, the as‐prepared copper meshes not only possess superhydrophobicity with static water contact angle up to 160.2° ± 2.6° and superoleophilicity but also exhibit high resistance against peeling and abrasion cycles. The superhydrophobic/superoleophilic meshes are also utilized to separate various oil/water mixtures with a high separation efficiency up to 98.89%. Moreover, a high separation efficiency of over 97% can be maintained after at least 30 separation cycles and a slight decrease in the flux caused by oil contamination is easily recoverable after rinsing with ethanol. In addition, these meshes demonstrate high separation efficiency for separating mixtures of diesel and diverse corrosive solutions or hot water (above 97 °C). These combined advantages make the meshes promising candidates for practical applications.
Trimetallic Metal–Organic Framework Derived Carbon‐Based Nanoflower Electrocatalysts for Efficient Overall Water Splitting
Authors: Li Yuwen , Lu Mengting , Wu Yuhang , Xu Hui , Gao Junkuo , Yao Juming 
Published: April 2019

AbstractSearching desirable cost‐effective electrocatalysts for overall water splitting is of great importance for the hydrogen production industry. Here a facile synthesis of trimetallic carbon nanoflower electrocatalysts is reported which are derived from Co2+/Fe2+/Ni2+ ratio adjustable metal–organic frameworks (MOFs). The unique nanosheet‐assembled multiscale nanoflower morphology can enlarge the catalyst/electrolyte contact area, and the synergistic electronic effects between trimetallic components endow the trimetallic carbon nanoflower electrocatalysts with more oxygen vacancies and a higher degree of graphitization of carbon, thus showing excellent activity. The optimized Co0.2Fe0.8Ni‐OCNF reaches a current density of 10 mA cm−2 at low overpotential of 291 mV with a very small Tafel slope of 36.1 mV dec−1 and 1.65 V@10 mA cm−2 for a two‐electrode water electrolysis in an alkaline solution, outperforming the commercial IrO2 electrocatalysts. The results may pave the way to the development of more efficient multicomponent nanosheet‐assembled multiscale nanomaterials for various catalytic applications.
An Ingenious Strategy to Construct Helical Structure with Excellent Electromagnetic Shielding Performance
Authors: Zhang Yang , Yang Zhangjing , Wen Bianying 
Published: April 2019

AbstractHerein, a unique, 3D helical composite with excellent electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding capability is fabricated. The alkali treated natural cotton fiber (NaCF) is adopted as the helical templet. The compacted polyaniline (PANI) clusters are grafted over NaCF surface via in situ polymerization technology. The correlation between structure and electromagnetic characteristics is investigated in details. The high doping degree and high crystalline phase of PANI coating layer results in the enhanced electrical conductivity. The improved polarization combined with high electrical conductivity boosts the dielectric loss and microwave attenuation properties. The analysis of skin depth, attenuation constant, and the comparisons of theoretical predictions and experimental results are conducted to investigate the effects of helical structure on the fundamental EMI shielding mechanisms. Absorption is the dominating microwave shielding mechanism due to the efficient multiple reflection. The EMI shielding effectiveness (SE) up to 48.83 dB (i.e., >99.998% attenuation) indicates excellent shielding capability. This SE value is fairly superior among PANI‐based shielding composites. All the above results demonstrate a significant fundamental basis for designing a novel high‐performance EMI shielding material. The results and techniques also promise an ingenious and efficient strategy to achieve light‐weight and thin PANI‐based composite for shielding application potentials.
Coming in and Finding Out: Blending Receptor‐Targeted Delivery and Efficient Endosomal Escape in a Novel Bio‐Responsive siRNA Delivery System for Gene Knockdown in Pulmonary T Cells
Authors: Kandil Rima , Xie Yuran , Heermann Ralf , Isert Lorenz , Jung Kirsten , Mehta Aditi , Merkel Olivia M. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractRNA interference (RNAi) offers the potential to selectively silence disease‐related genes in defined cell subsets. Translation into the clinical routine is, however, still hampered by the lack of efficient carrier systems for therapeutic siRNA, endosomal entrapment presenting a major hurdle. A promising siRNA delivery system has previously been developed on the base of polyethylenimine (PEI) and the targeting ligand transferrin (Tf) to specifically reach activated T cells in the lung. In the present work, the focus is on optimizing Tf‐PEI polyplexes for gene knockdown in primary activated T cells by improving their endosomal escape properties. Blending of the conjugate with membrane lytic melittin significantly enhanced endosomal release and thereby cytoplasmic delivery, while maintaining selective T cell targeting abilities and overall cell tolerability. The gathered data furthermore demonstrate that melittin addition also distinctly improves several other essential particle characteristics, such as siRNA encapsulation efficiency and stability in lung lining fluids. In conclusion, this results in a novel upgraded siRNA delivery system that is not only able to specifically deliver its payload to the desired target cells via receptor‐mediated endocytosis, but also shows enhanced release from endosomal vesicles in order to initiate RNAi in the cytoplasm.
Novel mutations in MYBPC1 are associated with myogenic tremor and mild myopathy
Authors: Stavusis Janis , Lace Baiba , Schäfer Jochen , Geist Janelle , Inashkina Inna , Kidere Dita , Pajusalu Sander , Wright Nathan T. , Saak Annika , Weinhold Manja , Haubenberger Dietrich , Jackson Sandra , Kontrogianni‐Konstantopoulos Aikaterini , Bönnemann Carsten G. 
Published: April 2019

ObjectiveTo define a distinct, dominantly inherited, mild skeletal myopathy associated with prominent and consistent tremor in two unrelated, three‐generation families.MethodsClinical evaluations as well as exome and panel sequencing analyses were performed in affected and nonaffected members of two families to identify genetic variants segregating with the phenotype. Histological assessment of a muscle biopsy specimen was performed in 1 patient, and quantitative tremor analysis was carried out in 2 patients. Molecular modeling studies and biochemical assays were performed for both mutations.ResultsTwo novel missense mutations in MYBPC1 (p.E248K in family 1 and p.Y247H in family 2) were identified and shown to segregate perfectly with the myopathy/tremor phenotype in the respective families. MYBPC1 encodes slow myosin binding protein‐C (sMyBP‐C), a modular sarcomeric protein playing structural and regulatory roles through its dynamic interaction with actin and myosin filaments. The Y247H and E248K mutations are located in the NH2‐terminal M‐motif of sMyBP‐C. Both mutations result in markedly increased binding of the NH2 terminus to myosin, possibly interfering with normal cross‐bridge cycling as the first muscle‐based step in tremor genesis. The clinical tremor features observed in all mutation carriers, together with the tremor physiology studies performed in family 2, suggest amplification by an additional central loop modulating the clinical tremor phenomenology.InterpretationHere, we link two novel missense mutations in MYBPC1 with a dominant, mild skeletal myopathy invariably associated with a distinctive tremor. The molecular, genetic, and clinical studies are consistent with a unique sarcomeric origin of the tremor, which we classify as “myogenic tremor.” ANN NEUROL 2019