bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fibroblast growth factor 23 and tubular sodium handling in young patients with incipient chronic kidney disease
Authors: Freundlich Michael , Cuervo Carlos , Abitbol Carolyn L 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBackgroundExperimental studies have shown fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23)-mediated upregulation of the distal tubule sodium/chloride (Na+Cl−) co-transporter leading to increased Na reabsorption, volume expansion and hypertension. However, data on the associations of FGF23 with renal Na regulation and blood pressure (BP) are lacking in young CKD patients.MethodsFGF23 and other determinants of mineral metabolism, plasma renin activity (PRA), fractional excretion of Na (FENa) and BP, were analyzed at a single center in 60 patients aged 5–22 years with CKD Stages 1 (n = 33) and Stages 2–3 (n = 27) defined by cystatin C- and creatinine-based estimating equations (estimated glomerular filtration rate, eGFR). Associations between FGF23 and renal Na handling were explored by regression analysis.ResultsMedian FGF23 levels were higher in CKD Stages 2–3 versus CKD 1 (119 versus 79 RU/mL; P < 0.05), with hyperparathyroidism [parathyroid hormone (PTH) >69 pg/mL] in only few subjects with CKD Stages 2–3. Median FENa was comparable in both subgroups, but with proportionally more values above the reference mean (0.55%) in CKD Stages 2–3 and 3-fold higher (1.6%) in CKD Stage 3. PRA was higher in CKD Stages 2–3 (P < 0.05). Meanwhile in CKD Stage 1, FGF23 did not associate with FENa, and in CKD Stages 2–3 FGF23 associated positively with FENa (r = 0.4; P < 0.05) and PTH (r = 0.45; P < 0.05), and FENa associated with FE of phosphate (r = 0.6; P < 0.005). Neither FGF23 nor FENa was associated with systolic or diastolic BP in either subgroup. The negative association of eGFR by cystatin with FENa remained the strongest predictor of FENa by multivariable linear regression in CKD Stages 2–3.ConclusionsThe elevated FGF23, FENa and PRA and the positive association of FGF23 with FENa do not suggest FGF23-mediated increased tubular Na reabsorption and volume expansion as causing hypertension in young patients with incipient CKD.
Incidence and outcome of peri-procedural transcatheter heart valve embolization and migration: the TRAVEL registry (TranscatheteR HeArt Valve EmboLization and Migration)
Authors: Kim Won-Keun , Schäfer Ulrich , Tchetche Didier , Nef Holger , Arnold Martin , Avanzas Pablo , Rudolph Tanja , Scholtz Smita , Barbanti Marco , Kempfert Jörg , Mangieri Antonio , Lauten Alexander , Frerker Christian , Yoon Sung-Han , Holzamer Andreas , Praz Fabien , De Backer Ole , Toggweiler Stefan , Blumenstein Johannes , Purita Paola , Tarantini Giuseppe , Thilo Christian , Wolf Alexander , Husser Oliver , Pellegrini Costanza , Burgdorf Christof , Antolin Rosa Ana Hernandez , Díaz Victor A Jiménez , Liebetrau Christoph , Schofer Niklas , Möllmann Helge , Eggebrecht Holger , Sondergaard Lars , Walther Thomas , Pilgrim Thomas , Hilker Michael , Makkar Raj , Unbehaun Axel , Börgermann Jochen , Moris Cesar , Achenbach Stephan , Dörr Oliver , Brochado Bruno , Conradi Lenard , Hamm Christian W 
Published: May 2019

Abstract

Aims
Peri-procedural transcatheter valve embolization and migration (TVEM) is a rare but potentially devastating complication of transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). We sought to assess the incidence, causes, and outcome of TVEM in a large multicentre cohort.

Methods and results
We recorded cases of peri-procedural TVEM in patients undergoing TAVI between January 2010 and December 2017 from 26 international sites. Peri-procedural TVEM occurred in 273/29 636 (0.92%) TAVI cases (age 80.8 ± 7.3 years; 53.8% female), of which 217 were to the ascending aorta and 56 to the left ventricle. The use of self-expanding or first-generation prostheses and presence of a bicuspid aortic valve were independent predictors of TVEM. Bail-out measures included repositioning attempts using snares or miscellaneous tools (41.0%), multiple valve implantations (83.2%), and conversion to surgery (19.0%). Using 1:4-propensity matching, we identified a cohort of 235 patients with TVEM (TVEMPS) and 932 patients without TVEM (non-TVEMPS). In the matched cohort, all-cause mortality was higher in TVEMPS than in non-TVEMPS at 30 days (18.6% vs. 4.9%; P &lt; 0.001) and after 1 year (30.5% vs. 16.6%; P &lt; 0.001). Major stroke was more frequent in TVEMPS at 30 days (10.6% vs. 2.8%; P &lt; 0.001), but not at 1 year (4.6% vs. 1.9%; P = 0.17). The need for emergent cardiopulmonary support, major stroke at 30 days, and acute kidney injury Stages 2 and 3 increased the risk of 1-year mortality, whereas a better renal function at baseline was protective.

Conclusion
Transcatheter valve embolization and migration occurred in approximately 1% and was associated with increased morbidity and mortality.
How Multiple Retrievals Affect Neural Reactivation in Young and Older Adults
Authors: St-Laurent Marie , Buchsbaum Bradley R 
Published: May 2019

Abstract

Objectives
Aging can reduce the specificity with which memory episodes are represented as distributed patterns of brain activity. It remains unclear, however, whether repeated encoding and retrieval of stimuli modulate this decline. Memory repetition is thought to promote semanticization, a transformative process during which episodic memory becomes gradually decontextualized and abstracted. Because semantic memory is considered more resilient to aging than context-rich episodic memory, we hypothesized that repeated retrieval would affect cortical reinstatement differently in young versus older adults.

Methods
We reanalyzed data from young and older adults undergoing functional magnetic resonance imaging while repeatedly viewing and recalling short videos. We derived trial-unique multivariate measures of similarity between video-specific brain activity patterns elicited at perception and at recall, which we compared between age groups at each repetition.

Results
With repetition, memory representation became gradually more distinct from perception in young adults, as reinstatement specificity converged downward toward levels observed in the older group. In older adults, alternative representations that were item-specific but orthogonal to patterns elicited at perception became more salient with repetition.

Discussion
Repetition transformed dominant patterns of memory representation away and orthogonally from perception in young and older adults, respectively. Although distinct, both changes are consistent with repetition-induced semanticization.
Premature Aging Among Trauma Survivors—The Longitudinal Implications of Sleep Disruptions on Telomere Length and Cognitive Performance
Authors: Aloni Roy , Levin Yafit , Uziel Orit , Solomon Zahava 
Published: May 2019

AbstractObjectivesSleep is necessary for brain function as well as physical and cognitive processes. Sleep disruptions, common with aging, intensify among trauma survivors. Moreover, former prisoners-of-war (ex-POWs) often experience premature aging. This study investigates the longitudinal effects of sleep disruptions for ex-POWs in relation to cognitive performance and telomere length as well as between cognition and telomeres.MethodThis study included Israeli veterans from the 1973 Yom Kippur War who participated in four assessments (1991, 2003, 2008, 2015): (a) ex-POWs (n = 99), and (b) veterans who not were captured (controls) (n = 101). Among both groups, sleep disruptions were assessed using a self-report item in all four assessments. Cognitive performance was assessed using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MOCA) and telomere length was assessed via total white blood cells (leukocytes) from whole blood samples using Southern blot, both were measured only among ex-POWs in 2015. We conducted descriptive statistics, repeated measures, correlations, and path analyses.ResultsSleep disruptions were related to lower cognitive performance but not to shorter telomeres. Moreover, cognitive performance and telomere length were found to be related when sleep disruptions were taken into consideration.ConclusionInterpersonal trauma was shown to be a unique experience resulting in sleep disruptions over time, leading to cognitive impairment. These findings highlight the importance of viewing trauma survivors at high-risk for sleep disruptions. Therefore, it is imperative to inquire about sleep and diagnose cognitive disorders to help identify and treat premature aging.
Universities and innovation ecosystems: a dynamic capabilities perspective
Authors: Heaton Sohvi , Siegel Donald S , Teece David J 
Published: May 2019

AbstractUniversities play an important role in innovation ecosystems. In addition to developing human capital and advancing technology, they are increasingly expected to participate as economic development partners with industry and local, state, and national governments. Models such as the “Triple Helix” have been advanced to frame the assessment of interactions among academia, industry, and governments that may foster economic development. Such models highlight the boundary-spanning roles of universities and provide a predetermined list of actions universities could take to strengthen their ecosystem. Unfortunately, the flexible and entrepreneurial management of universities required to make this model work has virtually been ignored in the academic literature. We propose the dynamic capabilities framework to guide how universities might manage their innovation ecosystems. We use this framework to analyze the role of the university throughout the ecosystem lifecycle. These concepts are then illustrated with three case studies of universities that have engaged with partners in local economies to launch new industries, fostering entrepreneurship, and revitalize neighborhoods.
Genus Integration, Abelianization, and Extended Monodromy
Authors: Contreras Ivan , Fernandes Rui Loja 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Given a Lie algebroid we discuss the existence of a smooth abelian integration of its abelianization. We show that the obstructions are related to the extended monodromy groups introduced recently in [9]. We also show that this groupoid can be obtained by a path-space construction, similar to the Weinstein groupoid of [6], but where the underlying homotopies are now supported in surfaces with arbitrary genus. As an application, we show that the prequantization condition for a (possibly non-simply connected) manifold is equivalent to the smoothness of an abelian integration. Our results can be interpreted as a generalization of the classical Hurewicz theorem.
Is it ethical to isolate study participants to prevent HIV transmission during trials with an analytical treatment interruption?
Authors: Eyal Nir , Magalhaes Monica 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThis commentary considers an extreme idea for protecting against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission to sex partners of individuals participating in HIV remission studies with an analytical treatment interruption (ATI). Other human challenge studies, such as studies of influenza, commonly isolate participants during the trial, to protect their contacts and the community against infection. Why should HIV studies with a treatment interruption be any different, one might wonder? This article concludes that isolation should not be used in HIV remission studies with an ATI but also shows that the matter is complex.
Efficacy of colistin alone and in various combinations for the treatment of experimental osteomyelitis due to carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae
Authors: Crémieux Anne-Claude , Dinh Aurélien , Nordmann Patrice , Mouton William , Tattevin Pierre , Ghout Idir , Jayol Aurelie , Aimer Omar , Gatin Laure , Verdier Marie-Clémence , Saleh-Mghir Azzam , Laurent Frédéric 
Published: May 2019

AbstractObjectivesIn a new experimental model of carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae osteomyelitis we evaluated the efficacy of colistin alone and in various combinations and examined the emergence of colistin-resistant strains and cross-resistance to host defence peptides (HDPs).MethodsKPC-99YC is a clinical strain with intermediate susceptibility to meropenem (MIC = 4 mg/L) and full susceptibility to gentamicin, colistin and tigecycline (MICs = 1 mg/L) and fosfomycin (MIC = 32 mg/L). Time–kill curves were performed at 4× MIC. Osteomyelitis was induced in rabbits by tibial injection of 2 × 108 cfu. Treatment started 14 days later for 7 days in seven groups: (i) control; (ii) colistin; (iii) colistin + gentamicin; (iv) colistin + tigecycline; (v) colistin + meropenem; (vi) colistin + meropenem + gentamicin; and (vii) colistin + fosfomycin.ResultsIn vitro, colistin was rapidly bactericidal, but regrowth occurred after 9 h. Combinations of colistin with meropenem or fosfomycin were synergistic, whereas combination with tigecycline was antagonistic. In vivo, colistin alone was not effective. Combinations of colistin with meropenem or fosfomycin were bactericidal (P < 0.001) and the addition of gentamicin enhanced the efficacy of colistin + meropenem (P = 0.025). Tigecycline reduced the efficacy of colistin (P = 0.007). Colistin-resistant strains emerged in all groups except colistin + fosfomycin and two strains showed cross-resistance to HDP LL-37.ConclusionsIn this model, combinations of colistin plus meropenem, with or without gentamicin, or colistin plus fosfomycin were the only effective therapies. The combination of colistin and tigecycline should be administered with caution, as it may be antagonistic in vitro and in vivo.
Was Television Responsible for a New Generation of Smokers?
Authors: Thomas Michael 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Consumers’ response to mass media can be difficult to assess because individuals choose for themselves the amount of media they consume, and that choice may be correlated with their other consumption decisions. To avoid this selection problem, this article examines the introduction of television to the US, during which some cities gained access to television years before others. This natural experiment makes it possible to estimate the causal impact of television on the decision to start smoking, a consumer behavior with important public health implications. Difference-in-differences analyses of television’s introduction indicate that (1) television did cause people to start smoking, (2) 16- to 21-year-olds were particularly affected by television, and (3) much of the response to television occurred within a couple of years of its introduction. Our preferred estimates suggest that television increased the share of smokers in the population by 5–15 percentage points, generating roughly 11 million additional smokers between 1946 and 1970. More broadly, these results offer causal evidence that (1) mass media can have a large influence on consumers, potentially affecting their health, (2) media exerts an especially strong influence on teens, and (3) mass media can influence consumers more than typical changes in prices.
The Canal + Judgment: Your Favourite Domestic Channels, in Luxembourg (Take 2) – Absolute Territorial Protection
Authors: Mavroghenis Stephen , Fajardo Pedro 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Judgment of 12 December 2018 Case T‑873/16, Groupe Canal + SA v European Commission (EU:T:2018:904).
The General Court reaffirms its position on the illegality of absolute territorial protection clauses in distribution contracts and confirms an Article 9 of Regulation 1/2003 decision that made binding commitments wider than the concerns expressed in the preliminary assessment.
The RNF20/40 complex regulates p53-dependent gene transcription and mRNA splicing
Authors: Wu Chen , Cui Yaqi , Liu Xiuhua , Zhang Feng , Lu Lin-Yu , Yu Xiaochun 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
p53 is a key transcription factor to regulate gene transcription. However, the molecular mechanism of chromatin-associated p53 on gene transcription remains elusive. Here, using unbiased protein affinity purification, we found that the RNF20/40 complex associated with p53 on the chromatin. Further analyses indicated that p53 mediated the recruitment of the RNF20/40 complex to p53 target gene loci including p21 and PUMA loci and regulated the transcription of p21 and PUMA via the RNF20/40 complex-dependent histone H2B ubiquitination (ubH2B). Lacking the RNF20/40 complex suppressed not only ubH2B but also the generation of the mature mRNA of p21 and PUMA. Moreover, ubH2B was recognized by the ubiquitin-binding motif of pre-mRNA processing splicing factor 8 (PRPF8), a subunit in the spliceosome, and PRPF8 was required for the maturation of the mRNA of p21 and PUMA. Our study unveils a novel p53-dependent pathway that regulates mRNA splicing for tumor suppression.
Meta-Analysis: Association of Parent and Child Mental Health with Pediatric Health Care Utilization
Authors: Lavigne John V , Meyers Kathryn Mendelsohn 
Published: May 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo examine the association of psychological factors and pediatric health care utilization.MethodOvid Medline and PsychInfo were searched and archival and forward searchers were conducted of relevant articles. Studies of the association between psychological risk factors and pediatric health care utilization of outpatient services, emergency department, inpatient length of stay, and costs were identified. Effect sizes were expressed in the form of the standardized mean difference. From 4,546 studies identified in the search, 69 studies met inclusion criteria.ResultsThere were significant low-moderate associations between higher outpatient visits and general child mental health (MH) problems (mean ES [mES] = 0.35), overall psychopathology (mES = 0.44), and internalizing symptoms (mES = 0.16). Results were significant for any parent MH problem (mES = 0.18). For emergency department (ED) visits, there were significant association between more ED visits and any child MH problems (mES = 0.25), internalizing symptoms (mES = 0.24), externalizing symptoms (mES = 0.16), and Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (mES= 0.14), as well as parent MH (mES = 0.24) and maternal depression (mES = 0.21). Increased hospitalizations were associated with any child MH problem (mES = 0.3), overall child psychopathology (mES = 0.49), child depression (ES = 0.41), and any parent MH problem (mES = 0.54). For costs, results were significant for any child MH problem (mES = 0.38).ConclusionsChild and parent MH problems are significantly associated with increased HCU.
‘Mountains Moved into the Sea’: The Western Reception of Psalm 46:1 and 3 [45:1 and 3 LXX] From the Septuagint to Luther
Authors: Abernethy Andrew T 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
When Martin Luther wrote his famous hymn Ein feste Burg ist unser Gott in the 1520s, it was uncommon to understand Ps. 46:1–3 [45:1–3 LXX] as a celebration of the peace available to those taking refuge in God amidst raging hostility—as the earth shook and mountains moved into the heart of the sea. Instead, for over a millennium, Augustine’s allegorical interpretation of verse 3 held sway. These verses contained ‘hidden’ truths made known when Christ came, so the shaking earth was the Jews, the mountains were Christ and his apostles, and the sea was the Gentiles in 46:3. According to Augustine, then, 46:1–3 celebrates God’s being a refuge amidst the working out of his plan to redeem the Gentiles through the mission of Christ and his apostles. This essay recounts the reception of 46:1–3 from the Septuagint to the time of Luther in a way that demonstrates the influence of the Septuagint’s translation of the superscription (verse 1), the dominance of Augustine’s allegorical interpretation of 46:1–3 for over a millennium, and how Luther’s growing appreciation of the historical sense shifts his interpretation of 46:1–3 away from Augustine to align with most interpreters in the early church and Nicholas of Lyra.
When Seventy Equals Seventy-Two: A Reception-Historical Contribution to the Text-Critical Problem of Luke 10:1, 17
Authors: Johnson Nathan C 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
The question of how many disciples Jesus sends in Luke 10:1—70 or 72—has long brought interpreters to an impasse, with Bruce Metzger concluding that the number is ‘elusive’ and ‘cannot be determined with confidence’. However, one simple solution has yet to be considered. Appealing to ancient number theories, reception history, and Luke’s manuscript tradition, this essay maintains that 70 and 72 were often, strangely, the same number in antiquity. A facile solution in isolation, equating 70 and 72 is demonstrated to be a common phenomenon in antique Jewish and Christian literature. The implication of such a finding for the interpretation of Luke is that the numerous intertexts proposed for Luke’s 70/72 disciples—the Table of Nations, Moses’ elders, the number of languages—are all at least admissible on text-critical grounds.
Economics of Acute Pain Medicine
Authors: Harrington Brian E. , Mariano Edward R. 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Appropriate resource allocation is vital for the successful delivery of acute pain medicine services. This chapter describes core concepts in acute pain medicine (such as use of multimodal analgesia and pain protocols) and reviews the economic considerations regarding acute pain medicine program development and implementation, including consideration of value-based models that are intended to promote efficient, high-quality care at a lower cost. Notably, while many of the principles may be universally applicable, the underlying context regards deployment of acute pain medicine programs within healthcare settings in the United States. The chapter concludes with a section on future directions in acute pain medicine.
Arthroscopic Shoulder Surgery
Authors: Melton M. Stephen , Kim James Kyunghoon , Nielsen Karen C. 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Shoulder arthroscopy is an extremely common elective ambulatory surgery procedure that is performed for a multitude of indications. Significant postoperative pain associated with these procedures necessitates an adequate multimodal analgesic plan. Peripheral nerve blockade (PNB) is commonly performed for intraoperative anesthesia and/or postoperative analgesia. This chapter reviews patient- and surgery-specific considerations for outpatient shoulder arthroscopy anesthesia and analgesia. Interscalene block (ISB) is commonly performed PNB for shoulder surgery, although side effects associated with its use have spurred interest in alternative techniques. The safety and efficacy of adjuvants to extend local anesthetic duration achieved with single-injection PNBs for arthroscopic shoulder surgery are still under investigation. As such, extended postoperative analgesia relies on continuous catheter techniques. Appropriate dosing regimens must be employed for both single-injection ISB and continuous interscalene brachial plexus block, and a protocol must be in place for safe, effective discharge and follow-up of patients going home with perineural infusions.
Arthroscopic Knee Surgery
Authors: Flaherty James , Elliot Clint , Wardhan Richa 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Arthroscopic knee is one of the most common outpatient orthopedic procedures. Specifically, anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) repair is a common procedure with numerous multimodal analgesia considerations. Via the example case, this chapter examines acetaminophen pharmacology and the efficacy of acetaminophen as a multimodal analgesic, including comparing its benefit with that obtained with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. It also discusses regional anesthetic concerns related to ACT repair, the utility of regional anesthesia in the perioperative pain management of an ACL repair, and options for managing postoperative pain resulting from arthroscopic surgery. Finally, it addresses questions pertaining to pharmacogenomics and the epigenetics of acute pain management.