bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preemptive analgesia for postoperative pain relief in thoracolumbosacral spine operations: a double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized trial
Authors: Aglio Linda S. , Abd-El-Barr Muhammad M. , Orhurhu Vwaire , Kim Grace Y. , Zhou Jie , Gugino Laverne D. , Crossley Lisa J. , Gosnell James L. , Chi John H. , Groff Michael W. 
Published: September 2018

OBJECTIVEPreemptive administration of analgesic medication is more effective than medication given after the onset of the painful stimulus. The efficacy of preoperative or preemptive pain relief after thoracolumbosacral spine surgery has not been well studied. The present study was a double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized trial of preemptive analgesia with a single-shot epidural injection in adult patients undergoing spine surgery.METHODSNinety-nine adult patients undergoing thoracolumbosacral operations via a posterior approach were randomized to receive a single shot of either epidural placebo (group 1), hydromorphone alone (group 2), or bupivacaine with hydromorphone (group 3) before surgery at the preoperative holding area. The primary outcome was the presence of opioid sparing and rescue time—defined as the time interval from when a patient was extubated to the time pain medication was first demanded during the postoperative period. Secondary outcomes include length of stay at the postanesthesia care unit (PACU), pain score at the PACU, opioid dose, and hospital length of stay.RESULTSOf the 99 patients, 32 were randomized to the epidural placebo group, 33 to the hydromorphone-alone group, and 34 to the bupivacaine with hydromorphone group. No significant difference was seen across the demographics and surgical complexities for all 3 groups. Compared to the control group, opioid sparing was significantly higher in group 2 (57.6% vs 15.6%, p = 0.0007) and group 3 (52.9% vs 15.6%, p = 0.0045) in the first demand of intravenous hydromorphone as a supplemental analgesic medication. Compared to placebo, the rescue time was significantly higher in group 2 (187 minutes vs 51.5 minutes, p = 0.0014) and group 3 (204.5 minutes vs 51. minutes, p = 0.0045). There were no significant differences in secondary outcomes.CONCLUSIONSThe authors’ study demonstrated that preemptive analgesia in thoracolumbosacral surgeries can significantly reduce analgesia requirements in the immediate postoperative period as evidenced by reduced request for opioid medication in both analgesia study groups who received a preoperative analgesic epidural. Nonetheless, the lack of differences in pain score and opioid dose at the PACU brings into question the role of preemptive epidural opioids in spine surgery patients. Further work is necessary to investigate the long-term effectiveness of preemptive epidural opioids and their role in pain reduction and patient satisfaction.Clinical trial registration no.: NCT02968862 (clinicaltrials.gov)
Spatial regulation of gene expression in nonsyndromic sagittal craniosynostosis
Authors: Cyprus Garrett N. , Overlin Jefferson W. , Vega Rafael A. , Ritter Ann M. , Olivares-Navarrete René 
Published: September 2018

OBJECTIVECranial suture patterning and development are highly regulated processes that are not entirely understood. While studies have investigated the differential gene expression for different sutures, little is known about gene expression changes during suture fusion. The aim of this study was to examine gene expression in patent, fusing, and fused regions along sagittal suture specimens in nonsyndromic craniosynostosis patients.METHODSSagittal sutures were collected from 7 patients (average age 4.5 months) who underwent minimally invasive craniotomies at the Children’s Hospital of Richmond at VCU under IRB approval. The sutures were analyzed using micro-CT to evaluate patency. The areas were classified as open, fusing, or fused and were harvested, and mRNA was isolated. Gene expression for bone-related proteins, osteogenic and angiogenic factors, transforming growth factor–β (TGF-β) superfamily, and Wnt signaling was analyzed using quantitative polymerase chain reaction and compared with normal sutures collected from fetal demise tissue (control).RESULTSMicro-CT demonstrated that there are variable areas of closure along the length of the sagittal suture. When comparing control samples to surgical samples, there was a significant difference in genes for Wnt signaling, TGF-β, angiogenic and osteogenic factors, bone remodeling, and nuclear rigidity in mRNA isolated from the fusing and fused areas of the sagittal suture compared with patent areas (p < 0.05).CONCLUSIONSIn nonsyndromic sagittal craniosynostosis, the affected suture has variable areas of being open, fusing, and fused. These specific areas have different mRNA expression. The results suggest that BMP-2, FGFR3, and several other signaling pathways play a significant role in the regulation of suture fusion as well as in the maintenance of patency in the normal suture.
Variation in the management of isolated craniosynostosis: a survey of the Synostosis Research Group
Authors: Kestle John R. W. , Lee Amy , Anderson Richard C. E. , Gociman Barbu , Patel Kamlesh B. , Smyth Matthew D. , Birgfeld Craig , Pollack Ian F. , Goldstein Jesse A. , Tamber Mandeep , Imahiyerobo Thomas , Siddiqi Faizi A. , _ _ 
Published: September 2018

OBJECTIVEThe authors created a collaborative network, the Synostosis Research Group (SynRG), to facilitate multicenter clinical research on craniosynostosis. To identify common and differing practice patterns within the network, they assessed the SynRG surgeons’ management preferences for sagittal synostosis. These results will be incorporated into planning cooperative studies.METHODSThe SynRG consists of 12 surgeons at 5 clinical sites. An email survey was distributed to SynRG surgeons in late 2016, and responses were collected through early 2017. Responses were collated and analyzed descriptively.RESULTSAll of the surgeons—7 plastic/craniofacial surgeons and 5 neurosurgeons—completed the survey. They varied in both experience (1–24 years) and sagittal synostosis case volume in the preceding year (5–45 cases). Three sites routinely perform preoperative CT scans. The preferred surgical technique for children younger than 3 months is strip craniectomy (10/12 surgeons), whereas children older than 6 months are all treated with open cranial vault surgery. Pre-incision cefazolin, preoperative complete blood count panels, and an arterial line were used by most surgeons, but tranexamic acid was used routinely at 3 sites and never at the other 2 sites. Among surgeons performing endoscopic strip craniectomy surgery (SCS), most create a 5-cm-wide craniectomy, whereas 2 surgeons create a 2-cm strip. Four surgeons routinely send endoscopic SCS patients to the intensive care unit after surgery. Two of the 5 sites routinely obtain a CT scan within the 1st year after surgery.CONCLUSIONSThe SynRG surgeons vary substantially in the use of imaging, the choice of surgical procedure and technique, and follow-up. A collaborative network will provide the opportunity to study different practice patterns, reduce variation, and contribute multicenter data on the management of children with craniosynostosis.
PENDAMPINGAN PEMBUATAN ALAT PERMAINAN EDUKATIF DARI POTENSI SUMBER DAYA ALAM
Authors: Sembiring Al khudri , Sriwahyuni Sriwahyuni , Marta Efastri Sean 
Published: September 2018

Limitations of operational funds that are often experienced by PAUD resulted in insufficient availability of game equipment to be equivalent to the number of students. After direct interviews, the facts were collected based on information from the managers of both PAUD and field observations including: Playground for children, Educational Game Tools (APE) is not sufficient and meet the needs of every child so that the competition between children often occurs for can play available APE. Lack of APE tried to be overcome by making their own but educators do not have the expertise and experience sufficient to utilize the materials from nature as a source of raw materials making APE useful as a medium of learning for children.
This devotional activity aims to develop the competence of PAUD educators in the process of making educational game tools that use raw materials from the potential of natural resources available around PAUD institutions. This activity is held for one day in PAUD Berkah cheerful Tenayan Raya with the number of participants as many as 20 PAUD teachers in Tenayan Raya District. Based on the results of data analysis obtained can be concluded that the knowledge and skills of teachers in making educational game equipment after the socialization has increased. This is reflected in the increased percentage of teachers' knowledge and skills in making educative game tools from natural raw materials.
Designing Roadside Noise Barrier
Authors: Obadiah Jason 
Published: September 2018

Noise is the common problem in the residential area, whether it came from events, vehicles, construction sites, or urban area. The most affected residential area are usually the ones which adjacent to the highway or a road. When someone is overexposed from the noise, this could lead into many health problems. This is why a noise barrier is essential to be built along the road. problems regarding the noise barrier is that although the barrier can attenuates the noise from the traffic, there are other sound source, or in this case, noise source other than the traffic such as the airplane. This problem mostly happened on the residential ground around an airport. One of the solutions for these problems is by using vegetation as additional noise barriers. By doubling the barrier (noise barrier - vegetation) the attenuations will probably much higher, in accounts that the vegetation is much higher than the barrier so that if there are multiple floor buildings, the floors above will also provide with noise insulations. Although, it would be more appropriate to use acoustic treatments to the buildings. The other solution is that by using the concept of constructing a louver or cap atop the wall that is directed back toward the noise source. This concept follows the theory that such a design should inhibit shadow zone diffraction filling in sound behind the noise barrier.
Keywords: noise, sound, barrier, attenuation
An Epochal Analysis on Colonial Trauma in Independent Documentaries: Jeju Prayer as Study Case
Authors: Mubarak Makbul 
Published: September 2018

This paper departs from Raymond Williams’ notion of ‘epochal analysis,’ an analysis that functions to see a cultural process as a cultural system in the dialectic of the dominant, the residual, and the emergent. It is true that what Williams meant by ‘the dominant’ in his proposition is either the feudal culture and the bourgeois culture and their transition, but he also says that the epochal analysis functions to sense a movement in its connection to the future and the past. Williams wrote (1978, p. 121): “…Its methodology is preserved for the very different function of historical analysis, in which a sense of movement within what is ordinarily abstracted as a system is crucially necessary, especially if it is to connect with the future as well as with the past.
Keywords : documentary, trauma, dominant fiction, psychoanalysis
Kajian Arsitektur Regionalisme; Sebagai Wacana Menuju Arsitektur Tanggap Lingkungan Berkelanjutan
Authors: Senasaputro Bonifacio Bayu 
Published: September 2018

Arsitektur Modern merupakan bentukan Arsitektur yang hadir pada periode Arsitektur yang menawarkan teknologi konstruksi yang dapat diproduksi secara massal. Salah satu implementasinya adalah, kehadirannya ke dalam citra bentuk geometri sederhana tanpa ornamen, serta tata ruang berimplikasi pada fungsi ke dalam struktur organisasi yang menyesuaikan dengan kebutuhan pengguna. Bentukan yang muncul pada Arsitektur Modern salah satunya adalah, langgam International Style. Langgam ini mengkategorikan dan memperluas pandangan secara umum tentang implementasi Arsitektur yang dapat diterapkan pada lingkung geografis di seluruh dunia. Permasalahan umum yang teridentifikasi adalah terputusnya rantai entitas yang menghubungkan antara Arsitektur, dengan lingkung binaan yang berada di sekitarnya. Beberapa masalah yang muncul dalam perwujudannya seperti bentuk eksplorasi teknologi konstruksi modern yang memiliki kecenderungan mengaburkan nilai – nilai dan jati diri Arsitektur lokal, serta permasalahan iklim mikro yang patut diselesaikan melalui eksplorasi terhadap ciri fisik geografi dan iklim dari suatu wilayah. Regionalisme merupakan suatu bentuk cara pandang Arsitektur dari suatu wilayah setempat, yang memiliki ciri – ciri, sistem tata nilai, dan metode implementasi yang unik untuk diterapkan, dan hadir sebagai wujud kritik terhadap hadirnya Arsitektur Modern beserta dengan International-Style nya. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menemukan peranan dari Arsitektur Regionalisme, ditinjau dari berbagai unsur dan elemen yang membentuk sistem lingkung binaan yang bersinergi dan kontekstual dengan lingkungan setempat. Studi dalam kajian ini menggunakan metode analisis deskriptif – kualitatif, melalui pendekatan preseden beberapa karya Arsitektur Regionalism sebagai contoh kasus terapan. Hasil dari kajian ini adalah, Regionalisme hadir sebagai unsur penyelaras dan penyeimbang, yang menciptakan sebuah dialog yang saling bersinergi antara teknologi, seni, nilai budaya yang berkembang, dengan lingkung alam geografis yang melebur menjadi satu keutuhan dalam realitas Arsitektur.
Kata kunci: regionalisme, identitas (kontekstual), lingkung berkelanjutan
Bali Dalam Persepsi: “Surga” Yang Diidealkan, Pencarian Identitas Spiritual Seniman Eropa Awal Abad 20
Authors: Purnomo Setianingsih 
Published: September 2018

Penelitian ini mencoba mengeksplorasi bagaimana Bali sebagai lokus khusus dan Timur sebagai konteksnya secara umum, dieksplorasi oleh seniman Walter Spies dan dikemasnya sebagai sebuah “objek penemuan” yang eksotis, yang asri dan yang alami. Penelitian ini berpendapat bawa Bali yang diejawantahkan oleh Spies adalah Bali yang diidealisasi sedemikian rupa sesuai dengan imajinasi Barat sebagai subjek aktif mengenai Timur sebagai objek pasif.
Kata kunci: Walter Spies, idealisasi, spiritualisme, Bali, barat, timur
Perancangan Typeface Latin Wicaksana Adaptasi Dari Aksara Jawa
Authors: Ivan Ivan , Alfian Erwin 
Published: September 2018

Aksara Jawa merupakan Identitas budaya Nusantara yang bisa diangkat menjadi bagian dari perkembangan tipografi modern Indonesia. Namun tidak banyak desainer tipografi Indonesia memunculkan karya dengan Aksara Jawa sebagai stimulinya, sehingga tidak banyak, bahkan jarang typeface Indonesia yang mengangkat akar budaya Nusantara sebagai pondasi tipografi Indonesia. Perancangan ini diharapkan dapat memadukan aksara Jawa dengan perancangan tipografi modern, sehingga memunculkan typeface sebagai identitas Indonesia, adapun hasil akhir berupa perancangan font dan type specimen book.
Kata kunci: typeface, tipografi, aksara Jawa, kebudayaan Indonesia
Designing Emotion Of Characters By Referencing From Facs In Short Animated Film “RANA”
Authors: Adis Fransisca , Widiastomo Yohanes Merci 
Published: September 2018

Facial expression is one of some aspects that can deliver story and character’s emotion in 3D animation. To achieve that, we need to plan the character facial from very beginning of the production. At early stage, the character designer need to think about the expression after theu done the character design. Rigger need to create a flexible rigging to achieve the design. Animator can get the clear picture how they animate the facial. Facial Action Coding System (FACS) that originally developed by Carl-Herman Hjortsjo and adopted by Paul Ekman and Wallace V. can be used to identify emotion in a person generally. This paper is going to explain how the Writer use FACS to help designing the facial expression in 3D characters. FACS will be used to determine the basic characteristic of basic shapes of the face when show emotions, while compare with actual face reference.
Keywords: animation, facial expression, non-dialog
Arsitektur Dan Ruang Gerak Anak Dalam Lingkungan
Authors: Mufrizon Harry 
Published: September 2018

Esai ini membahas pembentukan ruang pengembangan gerak anak pada usia awal anak agar pertumbuhan anak disertai dengan pertumbuhan kecerdasan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjawab pertanyaan utama, yaitu bagaimana penyediaan ruang sebagai wadah gerak dapat membantu mengembangkan kecerdasan anak. Kinesphere atau ruang gerak anak menjadi menarik begitu terkait dengan lingkungan tempat anak beraktivitas. Dan penciptaan ruang mereka menjadi unik karena setiap individu mempunyai bentuk gerak yang sangat berbeda dalam memahami dan beradaptasi dengan lingkungan.
Kata kunci: kinespehere, ruang gerak, pertumbuhan
Visual Art in Motion Comic Sirup Manis Sofia
Authors: Djayanti Kris D , Aditya Christian 
Published: September 2018

Helping each other is one of moral values that are important to introduce to children because humans are social creatures. To convey this message, required a media that suite children to attract their interest, which is motion comic. To make motion comic become more attractive, the visual style that used is modernist cartoon style that popular in animation and illustrations of the 1950s.
Keywords: helping, motion comic, modernist
Intravesical Radiofrequency-Induced Chemohyperthermia for Carcinoma in Situ of the Urinary Bladder: A Retrospective Multicentre Study
Authors: van Valenberg F. Johannes P. , Kajtazovic Amir , Canepa Giorgio , Lüdecke Gerson , Kilb Jill-Isabel , Aben Katja K. H. , Nativ Ofer , Madaan Sanjeev , Ayres Benjamin , Issa Rami , Witjes J. Alfred 
Published: September 2018

Objective: To examine the effect of intravesical radiofrequency-induced chemohyperthermia (RF-CHT) in carcinoma in-situ (CIS) patients overall and split according to previously received therapy. Methods: CIS patients that underwent an induction and maintenance phase of≥6 RF-CHT instillations, and had either pathology or cystoscopy plus cytology available at 6 months of follow-up were retrospectively included. Complete response (CR), recurrences, cystectomy-free rate, overall survival (OS), and adverse events were evaluated. Analysis was performed for overall, bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG)-unresponsive, other BCG-treated, and treatment naïve patients. Results: Patients ( n = 150) had a mean of 17.5, 9.2, or 0 previous BCG instillations in the BCG-unresponsive ( n = 50), other BCG-treated ( n = 46, missing n = 4), and treatment naïve groups ( n = 47, missing n = 3), respectively. After 6 months, a CR of 46.0%, 71.7%, and 83.0% was found ( p < 0.001). Subsequent 2-year recurrence rates were 17.4%, 27.3%, and 12.8%, respectively. The overall cystectomy-free rate and OS at mean follow-up (35.8 months) were 78.5% and 78.0%, respectively. These were 71.4% vs. 84.1% vs. 86.7% (cystectomy-free rate, p = 0.006) and 76.0% vs. 69.6% vs. 87.2% (OS, p = 0.06) for BCG-unresponsive vs. other BCG-treated vs. treatment naïve patients. Progression to muscle-invasive disease was seen in 13.3% of patients. Patients stopped induction or maintenance RF-CHT instillations due to adverse events in respectively 13.4% and 17.8%. Conclusions: Intravesical RF-CHT showed good results in both treatment naïve and BCG-treated CIS patients, avoiding the need for cystectomy in 78.5% of cases for at least 3 years with a modest risk of progression. Thus, RF-CHT proves an alternative to cystectomy in selected high-risk patients.
Open access and its impact on access and subscriptions
Authors: Levine-Clark Michael 
Published: September 2018

In this paper the author examines from a library perspective some of the complications with transitioning to an open access model for journal publishing; how costs that support publishing efforts may shift from readers to researchers; what’s happening within the library community with regard to assessing the value of subscriptions; and what universities may come to expect from content providers as private funders take a more visible role in mandating the “openness” of research information.
Driving a vision of publisher efficiency through collaboration
Authors: Ratan Kristen 
Published: September 2018

The publishing world is weighed down by print-centric legacy workflows, siloed technology, manual processes, and vendor lock-in. It is easy for publishers to feel that meeting demands to be experimental in terms of business models, editorial processes and content types while also becoming more efficient and reducing costs is nearby impossible. Funders, institutions and researchers are asking for more transparency and openness in the publishing process and, while publishers may agree in principle, getting there poses significant operational and technological challenges. Other industries have reinvented themselves by collaborating on shared infrastructure, acknowledging that the foundational layers of their operations are not where the competitive advantages lie. By embracing a collaborative mindset, scholarly publishers can achieve more while simultaneously reducing cost and time-to-publication. Community-built open source is one such method of building new, shared infrastructure. The Collaborative Knowledge (Coko) Foundation is leading projects to create new platform technologies and workflows that can significantly streamline publishing, giving publishers opportunities to address challenges and industry demands. Importantly, we consider what it takes for publishers to truly collaborate; and how an adjustment of mindset and structure is needed to maximize the effectiveness of a new kind of open source for scholarly communications.
Comparison of medical image classification accuracy among three machine learning methods
Authors: Maruyama Tomoko , Hayashi Norio , Sato Yusuke , Hyuga Shingo , Wakayama Yuta , Watanabe Haruyuki , Ogura Akio , Ogura Toshihiro 
Published: September 2018

BACKGROUND: Low-quality medical images may influence the accuracy of the machine learning process. OBJECTIVE: This study was undertaken to compare accuracy of medical image classification among machine learning methods, as classification is a basic aspect of clinical image inspection. METHODS: Three types of machine learning methods were used, which include Support Vector Machine (SVM), Artificial Neural Network (ANN), and Convolution Neural Network (CNN). To investigate changes in accuracy related to image quality, we constructed a single dataset using two different file formats of DICOM (Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine) and JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group). RESULTS: The JPEG format contains less color information and data capacity than the DICOM format. CNN classification was accurate for both datasets, whereas SVM and ANN accuracy decreased with the loss of data from DICOM to JPEG formats. CONCLUSIONS: CNN is more accurate than conventional machine learning methods that utilize the manual feature extraction.