bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Drug‐induced liver injury with skin reactions: Drugs and host risk factors, clinical phenotypes and prognosis
Authors: Devarbhavi Harshad , Raj Sujata 
Published: December 2018

AbstractWhile dermatologic manifestations of adverse drug reactions are frequent, drug‐induced liver injury is rare. Numerous drugs are implicated in either Drug‐Induced Liver Injury or Drug‐Induced Skin Injury. However, concomitant Drug‐Induced Liver Injury and Drug‐Induced Skin Injury are uncommon, not well characterized and appear to be caused by a limited number of drugs. These are often associated with immuno‐allergic or hypersensitivity features such as fever, skin rash, blisters or peeling of skin, eosinophilia, lymphadenopathy and mucositis. Liver injury can range from asymptomatic elevation of liver biochemical tests to severe hepatitis and acute liver failure needing liver transplantation. Severe cutaneous adverse reaction, particularly drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms is commonly associated with internal organ involvement, the liver being the most frequently involved in approximately 90% of the cases. In Stevens‐Johnson Syndrome/Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis, abnormalities in liver biochemistry tests are common but severe liver disease is rare. There is a strong association of Human Leukocyte Antigen genotype with both drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms and Stevens‐Johnson Syndrome/Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis. It is likely that the delayed immune‐mediated reaction triggering skin reaction is also responsible for hepatitis. Drug‐specific lymphocytes are found in the organs involved and also in circulating blood, which along with the cytokines and chemokines play a role in pathogenesis. Anti‐epileptic drugs, allopurinol, sulfonamides, antibiotics and nevirapine are the top five causes of concomitant liver and skin injury. This review will focus on drug and host factors causing concomitant Drug‐Induced Skin Injury and Drug‐Induced Liver Injury and discuss the characteristics of liver involvement in patients with severe cutaneous adverse reaction.
Petrography and sedimentology of the ~2490 Ma DS4 impact spherule layer revisited, Brockman Iron Formation (Hamersley Group, Western Australia)
Authors: Hassler Scott , Biller Sandra , Simonson Bruce M. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe ~2490 Ma DS4 impact layer in the Dales Gorge Member is the only bed in the Brockman Iron Formation (Hamersley Group, Western Australia) known to contain “splash form” impact spherules. At a newly discovered site in Munjina Gorge (MG), the internal stratigraphy of the DS4 impact layer differs from previously known occurrences; it ranges from 36 to 57 cm in total thickness and consists of two distinct subunits. The lower subunit contains abundant cobble‐ to boulder‐scale intraclasts and spherules supported by a finer matrix. We interpret this subunit as the product of poorly cohesive debris flows. The upper subunit is 11–15 cm of low‐density turbidites. The DS4 layer also consists of two newly recognized subunits at Yampire Gorge (YG). The lower subunit is rich in well‐sorted spherules, 0–22 cm thick, and comprises an unstratified bedform with an irregular or swaley upper surface. This is overlain by 2 dm‐scale, fine‐grained, irregularly laminated beds that we interpret as low density turbidites laterally equivalent to the upper subunit at MG. The bedform at YG could be the lateral equivalent of the debrite at MG, genetically related to the overlying turbidites, or a product of impact tsunami‐induced bottom return flow. Other DS4 layer sites that have debrites similar to the one at MG are geographically separated from one another by sites that both lack debrite facies and feature well‐sorted spherules like YG. These characteristics suggest the DS4 layer had a complex depositional history that generated multiple debrites.
VIII. CONCLUSION: CO‐CONSTRUCTING A SECURE BASE PARTNERSHIP: MOTHER–CHILD INTERACTIONS, COMMUNICATION, AND SCRIPT REPRESENTATIONS
Authors: Posada Germán E. , Waters Harriet S. 
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACTUsing the secure base construct, the evidence presented indicates that interactional experience continues to be a central factor in the organization of mother–child attachment relationships. The parent–child codetermination process that establishes their relationship in infancy expands during the preschool years. Furthermore, with the increasingly relevant role of language, parent–child verbal communication during this time plays an important part in structuring children's attachment behavior and knowledge. Parents help their children construe attachment‐related information, control and regulate emotional experience, and guide behavior during attachment‐related experiences. That is, during early childhood, parent and child continue the process of constructing a secure base partnership through their gradually more complex interactions that take advantage of children's behavioral, emotional, representational, and language advances. Although the studies are interrelated and contribute to a coherent understanding of attachment relationships during this time period, they represent small‐scale studies. Further, some of the effect sizes presented are small. Thus, future research should include tests of replication as well as explorations of links to early and later development and parallel findings in more diverse samples.
Matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry as a useful tool for the rapid identification of wild flea vectors preserved in alcohol
Authors: Zurita A. , Djeghar R. , Callejón R. , Cutillas C. , Parola P. , Laroche M. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractFlea identification is a significant issue because some species are considered as important vectors of several human pathogens that have emerged or re‐emerged recently, such as Bartonella henselae (Rhizobiales: Bartonellaceae) and Rickettsia felis (Rickettsiales: Rickettsiaceae). Matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (MALDI‐TOF MS) has been evaluated in recent years for the identification of multicellular organisms, including arthropods. A preliminary study corroborated the usefulness of this technique for the rapid identification of fleas, creating a preliminary database containing the spectra of five species of flea. However, longterm flea preservation in ethanol did not appear to be an adequate method of storage in the context of specimen identification by MALDI‐TOF MS profiling. The goal of the present work was to assess the performance of MALDI‐TOF MS in the identification of seven flea species [Ctenocephalides felis (Siphonaptera: Pulicidae), Ctenocephalides canis, Pulex irritans (Siphonaptera: Pulicidae), Archaeopsylla erinacei (Siphonaptera: Pulicidae), Leptopsylla taschenbergi (Siphonaptera: Ceratophyllidae), Stenoponia tripectinata (Siphonaptera: Stenoponiidae) and Nosopsyllus fasciatus (Siphonaptera: Ceratophyllidae)] collected in the field and stored in ethanol for different periods of time. The results confirmed that MALDI‐TOF MS can be used for the identification of wild fleas stored in ethanol. Furthermore, this technique was able to discriminate not only different flea genera, but also the two congeneric species C. felis and C. canis.
Nairn's England and the progressive dilemma: reappraising Tom Nairn on English nationalism
Authors: Wellings Ben , Kenny Michael 
Published: December 2018

AbstractIn British political and intellectual circles, there is a longstanding disagreement between those envisaging an opportunity for the development of a radical English patriotism and those resistant to the idea of a progressive English imaginary. Despite their antithetical quality, both divergent frameworks were explored in the work of Scottish nationalist and New Left intellectual Tom Nairn, long before mainstream social science preoccupied itself with the ‘English Question’. Notwithstanding his later espousal of Englishness as a contribution to democratic renewal, Nairn's earlier notion of an inherently regressive nationalism remains the dominant frame for many intellectuals and politicians confronted by the challenges of increasingly politicised English identities. Whilst he has been only one of a number of thinkers and writers who have informed and contested political thinking on this question in the UK, the influence of his early work upon liberal and left circles has been underestimated, an oversight that this article addresses.
Inappropriate disabling of an ICD noise‐detection algorithm in pacemaker‐dependent patients
Authors: Welte Nicolas , Gang Eli S. , Swerdlow Charles D. , Strik Marc , Bordachar Pierre , Ploux Sylvain 
Published: December 2018

AbstractSecureSense is an implantable cardioverter defibrillator algorithm that differentiates lead‐related oversensing from ventricular tachycardia/ventricular fibrillation by continuous comparison between the near‐field (NF) and the far‐field (FF) electrogram. If lead noise is identified, inappropriate therapy is withheld. Undersensing on the FF channel could result in inappropriate inhibition of life‐saving therapy. Thus, the device automatically switches SecureSense to passive mode if undersensing on the FF channel is suspected. We report here the first cases of inappropriate automatic SecureSense deactivation due to misdiagnosed FF undersensing in pacemaker‐dependent patients. Physicians should be aware that SecureSense does not withhold an inappropriate therapy for sustained oversensing in pacemaker‐dependent patients.
Permanent His bundle pacing in heart failure patients: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Qian Zhiyong , Zou Fengwei , Wang Yao , Qiu Yuanhao , Chen Xing , Jiang Hai , Hou Xiaofeng 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBackgroundCardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) is the standard‐of‐care therapy for the patients with heart failure and left ventricular (LV) dyssynchrony. However, approximately 30% of the patients show no response. Recent studies have shown that His bundle pacing (HBP) could be an alternative for the patients with CRT indications. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of HBP in patients with heart failure.MethodsWe searched PubMed and Embase databases for studies evaluating HBP in patients with heart failure and LV dyssynchrony. The successful rate of implantation, QRS duration, pacing threshold, LV function at baseline and follow‐up, and mortality rates were extracted and summarized.ResultsEleven studies including 494 patients were included in this analysis. The overall successful rate for implantation was 82.4%. The main indications for HBP were CRT candidates and cardiomyopathy with atrial fibrillation undergoing atrioventricular node ablation. Permanent HBP resulted in narrow QRS duration of 116.3 ± 13.9 ms after implantation. LV functions, including echocardiographic parameters and clinical outcomes, significantly improved at follow‐up (P < 0.001). However, there was a trend of increased capture and bundle branch block correction thresholds at follow‐up compared to baseline (P = 0.01 and 0.02, respectively). During a mean follow‐up of 23.7 months, 5.9% of the patients experienced heart failure‐related hospitalization and the mortality rate was 9.1%.ConclusionPermanent HBP has shown promising results for heart failure patients in small observational studies. Randomized controlled trials are needed to assess the efficacy of HBP in these patients.
Differential pacing from two sites to diagnose risk of ventricular arrhythmia and death
Authors: Nayyar Sachin , Kuklik Pawel , Tomlinson George , Suszko Adrian , Chauhan Vijay S. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBackgroundQRS abnormalities may not be apparent in sinus rhythm in electrically stable cardiomyopathy patients who can have quiescent but highly arrhythmogenic substrate. Here, we test the hypothesis that differential changes in QRS construction during right‐ventricular apex pacing (RVP) as opposed to atrial pacing (AP) will identify latent substrate for ventricular arrhythmias (VA) and death.MethodsForty patients with cardiomyopathy free of VA underwent baseline 114‐electrode body‐surface electrocardiogram during AP (100 beats per minute [bpm]) and RVP (100 and 120 bpm). The filtered‐averaged QRS at each electrode was deconstructed into individual intra‐QRS and post‐QRS ventricular myopotentials (VMP). The primary outcome was VA or death. Prognostic accuracy of VMP was validated using V1 to V6 leads in another prospective cohort of 44‐cardiomyopathy patients.ResultsTwenty‐six patients were eligible for initial analysis. After 5 ± 2 years of follow‐up, eight (31%) patients had VA (VAPos) while rest were uneventful (VANeg). During AP100, VAPos patients expressed more VMP than VANeg patients (16 ± 1 vs 12 ± 1, P = 0.02). RVP100 and RVP120 in VAPos patients introduced an additional 5.5 ± 0.5 and 6.0 ± 0.5 VMP (P < 0.0001 vs AP100). The relative change with RVP120 versus AP100 in VANeg patients exceeded VAPos patients by 1.2 ± 0.5 VMP (P = 0.03). Increment in VMP count of <8 in lead‐V5 with RVP120 compared to AP100 best predicted VA (area under curve 0.81, P = 0.01). In the validation cohort, primary outcome occurred in 13 (33%) patients. Native QRS features and AP100 alone failed to predict primary outcome. Patients with increment in VMP count of <8 in lead‐V5 with RVP120 versus AP100 had 7.9‐fold increased risk of primary outcome (95% confidence interval 1.01, 61.61; P = 0.049).ConclusionCardiomyopathy patients at risk of VA or death perturb the QRS less than low‐risk patients with differential pacing. This functional response may be useful to identify arrhythmogenic substrate.
Medical alert tattoos—A pinch of style along with patient safety
Authors: Lai Emily A. , Nesrsta Eric A. , Bodiford Jason M. , Jain Ranu R. 
Published: December 2018

SummaryThe use of medical tattoos can potentially be life‐saving. We present a 16‐year‐old patient who chose to tattoo a medical condition on her forearm. Her tattoo is more extensive than most medical tattoos and shows the measures a mother will take to ensure her daughter's safety. To our knowledge, there are no published guidelines recommending an ideal location or symbology for a medical tattoo. Such guidelines would be useful to artists, as well as to medical personnel in emergencies if the patient has a tattoo.
Cancer site differences in the health‐related quality of life of Korean cancer survivors: Results from a Population‐based Survey
Authors: Ryu Mikyung , Hwang Jee‐In 
Published: December 2018

AbstractObjectivesWe investigated cancer site differences in the health‐related quality of life (HRQOL) of cancer survivors.Design and SampleA secondary data analysis was conducted using the sixth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2013–2015). Participants were 15,461 adults (664 cancer survivors) with available EuroQol‐5 Dimensions (EQ5D) information.MeasurementsConstructs from the revised Wilson and Cleary's model were examined. HRQOL status was measured using the EQ5D. EQ5D dimensional problems and indices were compared across cancer sites using multiple linear and quantile regression analyses.ResultsThe most common problems across cancer sites were pain/discomfort and mobility. There were differences in EQ5D dimensional problems by cancer site: problems of usual activities in the cervix‐cancer group and anxiety/depression in the thyroid cancer group were prevalent. Those with cervix cancer (vs. stomach) had higher EQ5D index scores; however, no significant differences were observed between other site subgroups. Subjective health perception and socioeconomic factors were significant determinants affecting HRQOL among cancer survivors with low EQ5D index scores.ConclusionsSubjective health status and socioeconomic characteristics are predicted to have a greater impact on survivors with low (vs. high) HRQOL. Socioeconomic and psychological support is essential to increase cancer survivors’ HRQOL, regardless of cancer site.
Mediated Agency and Funeral Insurance in China
Authors: Kipnis Andrew B. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThis article examines attempts to set up a market for funerary insurance in China. Anthropologists and sociologists analyzing the insurance industry often emphasize the cultural aspects of the business, suggesting that “visions” or “imaginaries” of what insurance is and how insurance should work play a guiding role in other aspects of the business. In the case of funerary insurance in China, however, the imaginary of how the insurance should work evolved very rapidly in response to other factors. While not denying the role of cultural imaginaries in the insurance business, this article argues for a more mediated vision of the agency of these imaginaries.
ParticiPat: Exploring the Impact of Participatory Governance in the Heritage Field
Authors: Alonso González Pablo , González‐Álvarez David , Roura‐Expósito Joan 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThis Directions piece presents the project ParticiPat: Patrimonio y participación social: propuesta metodológica y revisión crítica (ParticiPat: Heritage and Social Participation: Methodological Proposal and Critical Review). ParticiPat is a multidisciplinary and multisituated research project involving fourteen researchers from different disciplines and institutions that aims to analyze critically the ubiquitous buzzwords and practices of participation—as well as its key institutions and actors—affecting heritage management in Spain, Portugal, or Mexico. This article advances preliminary results derived from the authors’ case study of a natural park and biosphere reserve in Spain. In doing so, it contributes to the anthropological examination of what has recently been described by different authors as the emergence of a new form of governance based on discourses and practices of participation.
Digital Access amongst the Marginalized: Democracy and Internet Governance in Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Omari Jeffrey 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThis article examines how new modes of governance and policies intended to expand Internet access unfold in the marginalized communities of Rio de Janeiro. In April 2014, Brazil enacted the Marco Civil da Internet (Civil Rights Framework of the Internet; MCI), an “Internet Bill of Rights” that promotes collaborative, democratic digital governance and regards Internet access as a requisite for civil rights. Rio's favelas (informal, historically low‐income communities) are territories where many of the intended beneficiaries of the access policies live. However, drug gangs often control favela neighborhoods and censor the digital access of residents; this is just one example of how Internet access in disadvantaged communities is tied to a number of broader sociopolitical realities and risks. Because these risks index larger disjunctions in contemporary Brazilian democracy, I propose that violence and informal governance in urban favelas creates a corresponding disjunction in the MCI's pledge of Internet access as a civil right.
“Fighting against Clandestine Migration”: Sub‐Saharan Migrants’ Political Agency and Uncertainty in Morocco
Authors: Bachelet Sébastien 
Published: December 2018

AbstractDrawing on ethnographic research in Morocco among irregular migrants from Central and Western Africa, this article shifts the exploration of what it means to be political by examining how migrants’ political participation is entangled with their attempts to overcome the uncertainty inherent to their lives. Recent scholarship has exposed and decentered boundaries between the citizen and the illegal migrant, placing a prominent focus on migrants’ subjectivity and the radical potential of migrants’ protests. However, studies of migrants’ protests have often been limited to the “West.” Through an examination of the development of a migrants’ association in Morocco, I show how studies of migrants’ movements and protests must account for their multiple, uncertain, and sometimes seemingly contradictory claims and demands. Failing to do so risks curtailing any radical potential for political subjectivization and contributing further to migrants’ marginalization. The article illustrates how migrants’ aspirations cannot be reduced to regularization in a host country and, crucially, how hampered political agency is articulated with constricted mobility in a country closely cooperating with Europe in migration matters.
A Semiparametric Spatiotemporal Hawkes-Type Point Process Model with Periodic Background for Crime Data
Authors: Zhuang Jiancang , Mateu Jorge 
Published: December 2018

SummaryPast studies have shown that crime events are often clustered. This study proposes a spatiotemporal Hawkes-type point process model, which includes a background component with daily and weekly periodization, and a clustering component that is triggered by previous events. We generalize the non-parametric stochastic reconstruction method so that we can estimate each component in the background rate and the triggering response that appears in the model conditional intensity: the background rate includes a daily and a weekly periodicity, a separable spatial component and a long-term background trend. Two relaxation coefficients are introduced to stabilize and secure the estimation process. This model is used to describe the occurrences of violence or robbery cases in Castellón, Spain, during 2 years. The results show that robbery crime is highly influenced by daily life rhythms, revealed by its daily and weekly periodicity, and that about 3% of such crimes can be explained by clustering. Further diagnostic analysis shows that the model could be improved by considering the following ingredients: the daily occurrence patterns are different between weekends and working days; in the city centre, robbery activity shows different temporal patterns, in both weekly periodicity and long-term trend, from other suburb areas.
Mindful moments: A review of brief, low‐intensity mindfulness meditation and induced mindful states
Authors: Heppner Whitney L. , Shirk Steven D. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractPopular and empirical interest in mindfulness meditation has increased rapidly over the last decades. In particular, mindfulness meditation has been utilized as the basis of numerous treatments for physical and mental health issues, and many of these meditation‐based treatments have demonstrated empirical evidence of their efficacy. However, less empirical attention has been devoted to how mindfulness meditation impacts non‐clinical populations. One growing area of research that tackles this question is research on mindfulness induction tasks—brief, low‐intensity, meditation activities that people can do in their controlled scientific laboratories or in their daily lives. In this article, we review this small but burgeoning literature, focusing on the benefits of brief mindfulness induction tasks for cognition, emotional, social, and health outcomes. In addition, we describe substantive challenges and future directions for this area of research and discuss how this research may inform the mindfulness literature more broadly.