bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lip cancer: Reconsidering the at‐risk patients with pathological assessment
Authors: Ant Ayca , Kilic Caner , Baltu Yahya , Duran Arzu Betul , Tunccan Tuncay , Ozlugedik Samet , Bozdogan Nazan 
Published: December 2018

AbstractObjectivesThis study was aimed to overview the treatment protocols of lip cancer and find out a cutoff point of tumor diameter and depth of invasion (DOI) for the survival parameters.Materials and MethodsOne hundred and ninety‐one patients with lip SCC were studied.ResultsThe average age of the patients was 62 years. Among 191 patients, 82.7% of the patients were men, 96.4% of them had lower lip cancer, and 84% were staged as early (pT1, pT2). Primary tumor excision with neck dissection was applied to 62.3% of the patients. Lymph node metastases rate was found to be 11%, and recurrence rate was 6.3%. There was statistically significant difference in between the tumor diameters and DOI values of patients with and without metastasis, and recurrence (p < 0.01, p < 0.05, respectively). Regarding to the lymph node metastasis, the optimal cutoff point was found to be 7.5 mm for DOI and 21.5 mm for tumor diameter. Regarding to the recurrence, the optimal cutoff point was found to be 7.5 mm for DOI and 24.5 mm for tumor diameter.ConclusionT2 lip cancer patients also seem to be in at‐risk group for metastasis and recurrence. As a conclusion, elective neck dissection and frequent follow‐up are recommended for these early‐stage lip cancer patients.
Gender differences in symptoms and functional status in patients with atrial fibrillation undergoing catheter ablation
Authors: Bazemore Taylor C. , Bolger Lauren E. , Sears Samuel F. , Sadaf Murrium I. , Gehi Anil K. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBackgroundCatheter ablation improves symptoms and quality of life in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF); however, despite its benefit, women are less likely than men to undergo catheter ablation. Women with AF have been described to have more frequent and severe symptoms with a lower quality of life than men, and it is therefore unclear why women are less likely to undergo catheter ablation. We prospectively characterized gender differences in AF symptoms among men and women undergoing ablation at UNC using questionnaire data.MethodsFunctional capacity was assessed with the Duke Activity Status Index (DASI) and quality of life was assessed with the Canadian Cardiovascular Society Symptoms of AF score (CCS‐SAF) and the AF Effect on Quality‐of‐Life Questionnaire Tool (AFEQT).ResultsAmong 191 patients in the study, women were less likely to undergo catheter ablation and had higher rates of paroxysmal AF and higher CHADS2‐VASc scores than men. Women had a worse functional capacity with significantly lower DASI scores than men; quality of life was also worse among women, with higher CCS‐SAF scores and lower AFEQT scores than men. After adjustment for AF type, there was a persistent gender difference for functional capacity and symptom measures.ConclusionsAt the time of catheter ablation, women with AF had a significantly lower functional status with worse symptoms and a lower quality of life than men. The role of this symptom difference on the gender gap in enrollment for catheter ablation is unclear and likely due to multiple patient and provider factors.
Evidence‐based skin care in preterm infants
Authors: Kusari Ayan , Han Allison M. , Virgen Cesar A. , Matiz Catalina , Rasmussen Maynard , Friedlander Sheila F. , Eichenfield Dawn Z. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractMost guidelines on neonatal skin care emphasize issues pertaining to healthy, term infants. Few address the complex task of skin barrier maintenance in preterm, very preterm, and extremely preterm infants. Here, we provide an evidence‐based review of the literature on skin care of preterm neonates. Interestingly, the stratum corneum does not fully develop until late in the third trimester, and as such, the barrier function of preterm skin is significantly compromised. Numerous interventions are available to augment the weak skin barrier of neonates. Plastic wraps reduce the incidence of hypothermia while semipermeable and transparent adhesive dressings improve skin quality and decrease the incidence of electrolyte abnormalities. Tub bathing causes less body temperature variability than sponge bathing and can be performed as infrequently as once every four days without increasing bacterial colonization of the skin. Topical emollients, particularly sunflower seed oil, appear to reduce the incidence of skin infections in premature neonates—but only in developing countries. In developed countries, studies indicate that topical petrolatum ointment increases the risk of candidemia and coagulase‐negative Staphylococcus infection in the preterm population, perhaps by creating a milieu similar to occlusive dressings. For preterm infants with catheters, povidone‐iodine and chlorhexidine are comparably effective at preventing catheter colonization. Further studies are necessary to examine the safety and efficacy of various skin care interventions in premature infants with an emphasis placed on subclassifying the patient population. In the interim, it may be beneficial to develop guidelines based on the current body of evidence.
Defining the complement C3 binding site and the antigenic region of Haemonchus contortus GAPDH
Authors: Rajan Parvathy , Mishra Prasanta K. K. , Joshi Paritosh 
Published: December 2018

SummaryHaemonchus contortus is an economically important parasite that survives the host defense system by modulating the immune response. Glyceraldehyde‐3‐phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) is secreted by the parasite and the host responds by producing anti‐enzyme antibodies. The enzyme inhibits complement cascade, an arm of the innate immunity, by binding to complement C3. In this study, the C3 binding site and the antigenic region of the enzyme were identified by generating short recombinant fragments and deleting a defined region of the enzyme. Using these proteins in ligand overlay and plate binding assay, the C3 binding region of GAPDH was localized within the 38 residues represented by 77‐114 amino acids whereas one of the antigenic regions was identified in between 77 and 171 amino acids. In addition, deletion of amino acids 77 to 171 from GAPDH (fragment AB) also showed weak immunogenicity but lacked C3 binding activity. Fragment D comprising 95 residues (77‐171), had both the C3 binding activity as well as immunogenicity like the parent enzyme, also stimulated host peripheral blood mononuclear cells in vitro. This truncated GAPDH moiety was stable at refrigerated temperature for at least 12 weeks and appears as a promising new therapeutic tool considering its longer shelf life as compared to the parent protein.
Illumina‐based transcriptomic analysis on recalcitrant seeds of Panax notoginseng for the dormancy release during the after‐ripening process
Authors: Yang Kai , Yang Ling , Fan Wei , Long Guang‐Qiang , Xie Shi‐Qing , Meng Zhen‐Gui , Zhang Guang‐Hui , Yang Sheng‐Chao , Chen Jun‐Wen 
Published: December 2018

Panax notoginseng (Burk) F.H. Chen is an economically and medicinally important plant of the family Araliacease, with seed dormancy being a key factor limiting the extended cultivation of P. notoginseng. The seeds belong to the morphophysiological dormancy (MPD) group, and it has also been described as the recalcitrant seed. To date, the molecular mechanism of dormancy release in the recalcitrant seed of P. notoginseng is unknown. In the present study, the transcript profiles of seeds from different after‐ripening stages (0, 20, 40 and 60 days) were investigated using Illumina Hiseq 2500 technology. 91 979 946 clean reads were generated, and 81 575 unigenes were annotated in at least one database. In addition, the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified by the pairwise comparisons. We screened out 2483 DEGs by the three key groups of 20 days vs 0 d, 40 d vs 0 d and 60 d vs 0 d. The DEGs were analyzed by gene ontology enrichment and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway annotation. Meanwhile, we obtained 78 DEGs related to seeds dormancy release at different after‐ripening stages of P. notoginseng, of which 15 DEGs were associated with abscisic acid and gibberellin. 26 DEGs that encode late embryogenesis abundant protein and antioxidant enzyme were correlated with desiccation tolerance in seeds. In summary, the results obtained here showed that PECTINESTERASE‐2‐LIKE, GA‐INSENSITIVE, ENT‐KAURENE SYNTHASE, PROTEIN PHOSPHATASE 2C, GIBBERELLIN 2‐BETA‐DIOXYGENASE, SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE, L‐ASCORBATE PEROXIDASE, CATALASE, LATE EMBRYOGENESIS ABUNDANT PROTEIN DC3 and DEHYDRIN 9 were potentially involved in dormancy release and desiccation sensitivity of P. notoginseng seeds. The data might provide a basis for researches on MPD.
Immunotherapeutic effects of recombinant adenovirus encoding interleukin 12 in experimental pulmonary tuberculosis
Authors: Mata‐Espinosa Dulce Adriana , Francisco‐Cruz Alejandro , Marquina‐Castillo Brenda , Barrios‐Payan Jorge , Ramos‐Espinosa Octavio , Bini Estela Isabel , Xing Zhou , Hernández-Pando Rogelio 
Published: December 2018

AbstractHigh dose of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) strain H37Rv administered by intratracheal injection in BALB/c mice induce progressive tuberculosis (TB). In this model, during the first month there is a temporal control of bacillary growth, in coexistence with macrophage activation, granuloma formation and Th‐1 response. Then, bacterial proliferation recommences, accompanied by progressive pneumonia and decreasing expression of protective cytokines (IFN‐γ and TNF‐α). In this model, we studied the IL‐12 gene expression kinetics and cellular source. There is a rapid and progressive IL‐12 expression peaking at day 14, when granulomas start their formation and numerous macrophages show strong IL‐12 immunostaining, while during progressive TB there is a significant decrease of IL‐12 expression and occasional macrophages showed IL‐12 immunolabeling. In the second part of this study, we determined the immunotherapeutic effect of recombinant adenoviruses that codify IL‐12 (AdIL‐12). Intratracheal administration of only one dose of AdIL‐12 one day before Mtb infection produced significant decrease of bacterial loads, lesser pneumonia and higher expression of TNF‐α, IFN‐γ and iNOS. When only one dose of AdIL‐12 was given in healthy mice cohoused with infected mice with highly virulent and transmissible Mtb, total prevention of infection was conferred. Moreover, when AdIL‐12 was administered by intranasal route in animals suffering late active TB after 2 months of infection, a very low pulmonary bacilli burdens was detected. These experimental data confirm that IL‐12 is a significant cytokine in the immune protection against Mtb, and gene therapy based in adenoviruses coding this cytokine increased protective immunity and prevent Mtb transmission.
The Alaska Wrangell Arc: ~30 Ma of subduction‐related magmatism along a still active arc‐transform junction
Authors: Brueseke Matthew E. , Benowitz Jeffrey A. , Trop Jeffrey M. , Davis Kailyn N. , Berkelhammer Samuel E. , Layer Paul W. , Morter Bethany K. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe Oligocene to Present Wrangell Volcanic Belt (WVB) extends for ~500 km across south‐central Alaska (USA) into Canada at a volcanic arc‐transform junction. Previously, geochemistry documented mantle wedge and slab‐edge melting in <12 Ma WVB volcanic rocks; new geochemistry shows that the same processes characterized ~18–30 Ma WVB magmatism in Alaska. New 40Ar/39Ar ages demonstrate that WVB magmatism in Alaska initiated at ~30 Ma due to flat‐slab subduction of the Yakutat microplate and that the dextral Totschunda fault was active at this time. Our results, together with prior studies, show that Alaskan WVB magmatism occurred chiefly due to subduction and should be considered a volcanic arc (e.g. the Wrangell Arc). The WVB provides a long‐term geological record of subduction, strike‐slip and magmatism. Slab‐edge upwelling, flat‐slab defocused fluid‐flux and faults acting as magma conduits are likely responsible for the exceptionally large volcanoes and high eruption rates of the Wrangell Arc.
Reflections and Comments on Research on Memory and Conversation From an Ethnographic Perspective
Authors: Dahlbäck Nils , Forsblad Mattias , Hydén Lars‐Christer 
Published: December 2018

AbstractReflecting on three papers included in this issue, we suggest that research on memory and conversation could benefit by making more use of analyzing real‐life situations or close to real‐life scenarios, full speech and body interactions, and the interaction with the physical environment. We also suggest that the process of remembering during conversation is investigated on a level of detail and sequence that allow for locating actual functions of different actions. Finally, we suggest that a life‐span perspective on transactive memory systems must also model the development, maintenance, breakdown, and reestablishment of such systems.
Inducible reporter/driver lines for the Arabidopsis root with intrinsic reporting of activity state
Authors: Machin Frank Qasim , Beckers Malin , Tian Xin , Fairnie Alice , Cheng Teri , Scheible Wolf‐Rüdiger , Doerner Peter 
Published: December 2018

SummaryCell‐, tissue‐ or organ‐specific inducible expression systems are powerful tools for functional analysis of changes to the pattern, level or timing of gene expression. However, plant researchers lack standardised reagents that promote reproducibility across the community. Here, we report the development and functional testing of a Gateway‐based system for quantitatively, spatially and temporally controlling inducible gene expression in Arabidopsis that overcomes several drawbacks of the legacy systems. We used this modular driver/effector system with intrinsic reporting of spatio‐temporal promoter activity to generate 18 well‐characterised homozygous transformed lines showing the expected expression patterns specific for the major cell types of the Arabidopsis root; seed and plasmid vectors are available through the Arabidopsis stock centre. The system's tight regulation was validated by assessing the effects of diphtheria toxin A chain expression. We assessed the utility of Production of Anthocyanin Pigment 1 (PAP1) as an encoded effector mediating cell‐autonomous marks. With this shared resource of characterised reference driver lines, which can be expanded with additional promoters and the use of other fluorescent proteins, we aim to contribute towards enhancing reproducibility of qualitative and quantitative analyses.
CropSNPdb: a database of SNP array data for Brassica crops and hexaploid bread wheat
Authors: Scheben Armin , Verpaalen Brent , Lawley Cynthia T. , Chan Chon‐Kit K. , Bayer Philipp E. , Batley Jacqueline , Edwards David 
Published: December 2018

SummaryAdvances in sequencing technology have led to a rapid rise in the genomic data available for plants, driving new insights into the evolution, domestication and improvement of crops. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are a major component of crop genomic diversity, and are invaluable as genetic markers in research and breeding programs. High‐throughput SNP arrays, or ‘SNP chips’, can generate reproducible sets of informative SNP markers and have been broadly adopted. Although there are many public repositories for sequencing data, which are routinely uploaded, there are no formal repositories for crop SNP array data. To make SNP array data more easily accessible, we have developed CropSNPdb (http://snpdb.appliedbioinformatics.com.au), a database for SNP array data produced by the Illumina Infinium™ hexaploid bread wheat (Triticum aestivum) 90K and Brassica 60K arrays. We currently host SNPs from datasets covering 526 Brassica lines and 309 bread wheat lines, and provide search, download and upload utilities for users. CropSNPdb provides a useful repository for these data, which can be applied for a range of genomics and molecular crop‐breeding activities.
In vitroantimicrobial activity of seven adjuvants against common pathogens associated with canine otitis externa
Authors: Chan Wei Yee , Khazandi Manouchehr , Hickey Elizabeth E. , Page Stephen W. , Trott Darren J. , Hill Peter B. 
Published: December 2018

BackgroundAn antibiotic adjuvant is a chemical substance used to modify or augment the effectiveness of primary antimicrobial agents against drug‐resistant micro‐organisms. Its use provides an alternative approach to address the global issue of antimicrobial resistance and enhance antimicrobial stewardship.Hypothesis/ObjectivesTo determine the antimicrobial activity of a panel of potential antimicrobial adjuvants against common pathogens associated with canine otitis externa (OE).Animals/IsolatesA number of type strains and clinical isolates (n = 110) from canine OE were tested includingStaphylococcus pseudintermedius,β‐haemolyticStreptococcusspp.,Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Proteus mirabilisandMalassezia pachydermatis.Methods and materialsAntimicrobial activities of monolaurin, monocaprin,N‐acetylcysteine (NAC), polymyxin B nonapeptide, Tris‐EDTA, Tris‐HCL and disodium EDTA were tested using microdilution methodology according to CLSI guidelines.ResultsN‐acetylcysteine, Tris‐EDTA and disodium EDTA had antimicrobial activity against both type strains and otic pathogens. The other adjuvants tested had limited to no efficacy. NAC had a minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) range of 2,500–10,000 μg/mL for the various organisms.Pseudomonas aeruginosaisolates were eight times more susceptible to disodium EDTA in the presence of Tris‐HCL in comparison to disodium EDTA alone.Malassezia pachydermatisisolates were most susceptible to Tris‐EDTA (MIC90 = 190/60 μg/mL) and disodium EDTA (MIC90 = 120 μg/mL).Conclusions and clinical relevanceN‐acetylcysteine, Tris‐EDTA and disodium EDTA have intrinsic antimicrobial activity and represent promising adjuvants that could be used to enhance the efficacy of existing antibiotics against Gram‐negative and multidrug‐resistant bacterial infections. These agents could be combined with other antimicrobial agents in a multimodal approach for mixed ear infections in dogs.
Efectos del maltrato docente en el acoso escolar entre pares
Authors: Reyes Rodríguez Ana Carolina , Valdés Cuervo Ángel Alberto , Vera Noriega José Ángel , Alcántar Nieblas Carolina 
Published: December 2018

En el estudio, se analizan las relaciones entre el maltrato docente-estudiante, clima social de la escuela, apoyo docente y el acoso entre estudiantes. Participaron 1 577 estudiantes (800 chicos y 777 chicas), con una edad promedio de 12.94 años (DE = 1.77 años), pertenecientes a 64 escuelas secundarias públicas de Sonora, México. Se calcula un modelo de ecuaciones estructurales con apoyo del AMOS. De los resultados, se infiere que el maltrato docente favorece de forma directa e indirecta, mediante sus efectos negativos, en el clima escolar y el apoyo docente y la violencia entre pares. Se concluye que el maltrato docente afecta negativamente la dinámica de las escuelas y favorece el acoso escolar. Finalmente, se discuten implicaciones teóricas y prácticas de los hallazgos.
Snap Load Criteria for Mooring Lines of a Floating Offshore Wind Turbine
Authors: Hsu Wei-Ting , Thiagarajan Krish P. , Manuel Lance 
Published: December 2018

There are several challenges facing the design of mooring system of floating offshore wind turbines (FOWTs), including installation costs, stability of lightweight minimalistic platforms, and shallow water depths (50–300m). For station keeping of FOWTs, a proper mooring system is required in order to maintain the translational motions in surge and sway and the rotational motions in yaw of the platform within an adequate range. A combination of light pre-tension, shallow water depth and large platform motions in response to a survival storm condition can result in snap-type impact events on mooring lines, thus increasing the line tension dramatically.
In this paper, we present a new snap load criterion applicable to a catenary mooring system and compare it with Det Norske Veritas’ criterion for marine operations. As a case study, we examine the extreme tension on a catenary mooring system of a semi-submersible FOWT exposed to a 100-year storm condition. The software OrcaFlex was used for numerical simulations of the mooring system. NREL’s FAST software was coupled to OrcaFlex to obtain aerodynamic loads along with hydrodynamic loads for FOWT analyses. Snap-type impact events were observed in the numerical simulations and were characterized by two criteria. Tension maxima were fitted using composite Weibull distributions (CWDs) and comparisons of probability exceedance were made for the two different snap load criteria.
Experimental and Numerical Comparison of the Wave Dynamics and Guy Wire Forces of a Very Light FOWT Considering Hydroelastic Behavior
Authors: Xiong Jiang , do Carmo Lucas H. S. , Vieira Daniel P. , de Mello Pedro C. , Malta Edgard B. , Simos Alexandre N. , Suzuki Hideyuki , Gonçalves Rodolfo T. 
Published: December 2018

Floating offshore wind turbines (FOWT) have many pros and cons. Among the pros, we can mention the availability of more constant winds and a velocity more suitable to the use of turbines in their optimum efficiency. Among the cons, there are the high costs for installation, mooring lines and the large length of cables required for the energy transmission. In this context, saving structural weights of the floater is, certainly, very welcome.
This paper describes the results of an experimental campaign of a 1/80th scale model FOWT performed in a wave basin. The model consists of a central column connected by pontoons to three equally spaced columns by an angle of 120 degrees. The offset columns are connected to the central tower by guywires. Being structurally light, both pontoons and guywires are subject to the effects of hydroelasticity. In these preliminary tests of the concept, only waves were considered, hence wind effects are not yet addressed. The analysis is based on the first order motions of the FOWT, the tension at the guywires, and the strain at the pontoons.
The results are compared with numerical simulations obtained with the software NK-UTWind, developed at the University of Tokyo, and METiS - USP, currently being developed at the University of São Paulo. Furthermore, the floater motions are also analyzed using the commercial software WAMIT, to provide a better insight on the physics involved by using a different approach to the calculation of hydrodynamic forces.