bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A souvenir from Nahur: a sample of “entanglement” in the reconstruction of the Mesopotamian past
Authors: Casero Chamorro María Dolores 
Published: May 2018

A.0.76.25 não é uma inscrição de butim comum. O original ainda não foi encontrado, mas sua recordação foi integrada em um texto mais amplo, VAT 16381, gravado em uma tabueta de argila, onde é citado entre as linhas 21 e 24. As circustâncias e o contexto nos quais esta inscrição foi trasmitida apresentam algumas peculiaridades, que a faz um excelente exemplo de análise de uma perspectiva teórica de agência. O estudo buscará no modelo de "emaranhamento" proposto por Hodder (2012) em relação às interações e relações de dependência entre as esferas humana e dos objetos. Ele irá prover uma melhor compreensão dos objetos tomados como butim e seu papel na construção da identidade Assíria, por meio de sua vida e as camadas de significado que continham acerca de Adad-nirari I e Tukulti-Ninurta I, os reis Assírios que as possuía, as usava e as contemplava.
Low Serum Calcium and Magnesium Levels and Rupture of Intracranial Aneurysms
Authors: Can Anil , Rudy Robert F. , Castro Victor M. , Dligach Dmitriy , Finan Sean , Yu Sheng , Gainer Vivian , Shadick Nancy A. , Savova Guergana , Murphy Shawn , Cai Tianxi , Weiss Scott T. , Du Rose 
Published: May 2018

Background and Purpose—
Both low serum calcium and magnesium levels have been associated with the extent of bleeding in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage, suggesting hypocalcemia- and hypomagnesemia-induced coagulopathy as a possible underlying mechanism. We hypothesized that serum albumin-corrected total calcium and magnesium levels are associated with ruptured intracranial aneurysms.

Methods—
The medical records of 4701 patients, including 1201 prospective patients, diagnosed at the Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Massachusetts General Hospital between 1990 and 2016 were reviewed and analyzed. One thousand two hundred seventy-five patients had available serum calcium, magnesium, and albumin values within 1 day of diagnosis. Individuals were divided into cases with ruptured aneurysms and controls with unruptured aneurysms. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to determine the association between serum albumin-corrected total calcium and magnesium levels and ruptured aneurysms.

Results—
In multivariable analysis, both albumin-corrected calcium (odds ratio, 0.33; 95% confidence interval, 0.27–0.40) and magnesium (odds ratio, 0.40; 95% confidence interval, 0.28–0.55) were significantly and inversely associated with ruptured intracranial aneurysms.

Conclusions—
In this large case–control study, hypocalcemia and hypomagnesemia at diagnosis were significantly associated with ruptured aneurysms. Impaired hemostasis caused by hypocalcemia and hypomagnesemia may explain this association.
Le témoignage d’Amīn Fikrī sur l’Exposition universelle de 1889 et la rue du Caire : petite polémique avec Timothy Mitchell
Authors: Sabry Randa 
Published: May 2018

Résumé
À la lumière de la biographie d’Amīn Fikrī et de la composition de son récit viatique en Europe, Iršād al-alibbā ilā maḥāsin Ūrūbbā (Le guide des esprits éclairés vers l’Europe et ses beautés), nous tentons d’expliquer, après avoir examiné les circonstances de sa visite à l’Exposition universelle de 1889, l’esprit qui anime sa description de la Rue du Caire. Cet épisode a fait l’objet d’un commentaire aussi célèbre que tendancieux dans le chapitre d’ouverture de Colonising Egypt. La lecture que nous proposons vise à souligner que, faites hors tout effort de contextualisation, les affirmations erronées, les fautes de traduction et les extrapolations de ce commentaire ont entraîné Timothy Mitchell à une interprétation abusive qui a cependant statut de vulgate depuis sa parution en 1991.
Internal Gravity Wave Emission in Different Dynamical Regimes
Authors: Chouksey Manita , Eden Carsten , Brüggemann Nils 
Published: May 2018

AbstractWe aim to diagnose internal gravity waves emitted from balanced flow and investigate their role in the downscale transfer of energy. We use an idealized numerical model to simulate a range of baroclinically unstable flows to mimic dynamical regimes ranging from ageostrophic to quasigeostrophic flows. Wavelike signals present in the simulated flows, seen for instance in the vertical velocity, can be related to gravity wave activity identified by frequency and frequency–wavenumber spectra. To explicitly assign the energy contributions to the balanced and unbalanced (gravity) modes, we perform linear and nonlinear modal decomposition to decompose the full state variable into its balanced and unbalanced counterparts. The linear decomposition shows a reasonable separation of the slow and fast modes but is no longer valid when applied to a nonlinear system. To account for the nonlinearity in our system, we apply the normal mode initialization technique proposed by Machenhauer in 1977. Further, we assess the strength of the gravity wave activity and dissipation related to the decomposed modes for different dynamical regimes. We find that gravity wave emission becomes increasingly stronger going from quasigeostrophic to ageostrophic regime. The kinetic energy tied to the unbalanced mode scales close to Ro2 (or Ri−1), with Ro and Ri being the Rossby and Richardson numbers, respectively. Furthermore, internal gravity waves dissipate predominantly through small-scale dissipation, which emphasizes their role in the downscale energy transfer.
Persistent Postoperative Opioid Use in Older Head and Neck Cancer Patients
Authors: Saraswathula Anirudh , Chen Michelle M. , Mudumbai Seshadri C. , Whittemore Alice S. , Divi Vasu 
Published: May 2018

ObjectivesDespite the epidemic of opioid overuse among American patients, there are limited data regarding the prevalence of such use among patients with head and neck cancer (HNC). Here, we report on the prevalence of persistent postoperative opioid (PPO) use and its risk factors among older patients with HNC undergoing surgery.Study DesignRetrospective cohort study.SettingSurveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER)–Medicare linked cancer registry‐claims database.Subjects and MethodsWe identified patients aged 66 years or older who were diagnosed with HNC from 2008 to 2013, underwent primary surgical resection for their cancers, and met certain insurance and discharge criteria. The primary outcome was PPO use, defined as new opioid prescriptions 90 to 180 days postoperatively. We used multivariable logistic regression to evaluate associations between PPO use and factors such as demographics and postoperative treatment.ResultsOf the 1190 eligible patients with HNC, 866 (72.8%) received opioid prescriptions attributable to their surgery. Among these 866 patients, the prevalence of PPO use was 33.3% overall; it was 48.3% among the 428 patients with preoperative opioid use compared to 18.5% among the 438 opioid‐naive patients (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 3.96; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.80‐5.59). Other factors associated with PPO use include postoperative radiotherapy (OR, 1.99; 95%, CI 1.33‐2.98) and Charlson comorbidity index (OR, 1.20; 95% CI, 1.03‐1.41). Postoperative chemotherapy (OR, 1.19; 95% CI, 0.73‐1.95) was not significantly associated with PPO use.ConclusionsPPO use is a substantial problem in older surgical patients with HNC, one that warrants consideration of alternative treatment strategies and continued examination of prescription guidelines for patients with HNC.
Association between Eosinophilic Esophagitis and Esophageal Food Impaction in the Pediatric Population
Authors: Ettyreddy Abhinav R. , Sink Jacquelyn R. , Georg Matthew W. , Kitsko Dennis J. , Simons Jeffrey P. 
Published: May 2018

Objectives(1) To describe the presentation, management, and outcomes associated with pediatric esophageal food impaction (EFI) at a single tertiary care institution. (2) To identify the key clinical features of pediatric EFI that are associated with a diagnosis of eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE).Study DesignCase series with chart review.SettingTertiary care children's hospital.Subjects and MethodsThirty‐five children <18 years of age presenting with EFI between November 1, 2006, and October 31, 2013, were included. Presenting symptoms, medical history, biopsy results, endoscopic findings, and underlying etiology were examined. Fisher exact test, t tests, and logistic regression were used to compare between patients with and without EoE.ResultsThirty‐five patients had isolated EFI and were included in the study. EoE accounted for 74% (n = 26) of pediatric EFI, with the remaining cases being attributed to neurologic impairment (n = 5, 15%), prior surgeries (n = 1, 3%), reflux esophagitis (n = 1, 3%), or unknown etiologies (n = 2, 6%). EFI was the initial manifestation of EoE in 81% (n = 21) of patients. The most common presenting symptoms were dysphagia (n = 34), choking (n = 26), and vomiting (n = 23). Linear furrowing was the only endoscopic finding that was significantly associated with EoE (P <. 001).ConclusionMost esophageal food impactions in the pediatric population are associated with an underlying diagnosis of EoE and are often the initial manifestation of the disease. EoE must be considered in all pediatric patients with EFI; esophageal biopsies should be strongly considered in these patients at the time of endoscopic management of the EFI.
Prescription and Usage Pattern of Opioids after Thyroid and Parathyroid Surgery
Authors: Long Sallie M. , Lumley Catherine J. , Zeymo Alexander , Davidson Bruce J. 
Published: May 2018

ObjectiveWe seek to characterize the prescribing patterns of opioids, opioid consumption, and pain severity after thyroid and parathyroid surgery. We also aim to determine if a relationship exists between preoperative medication use and postoperative pain or opioid consumption.Study DesignCase series with chart review.SettingAcademic university hospital.Subjects and MethodsMedical records of 237 adult patients undergoing thyroid and parathyroid surgery were included. Clinicopathologic data were collected, including pain scores, preoperative medications, and inpatient pain medications.ResultsThe mean maximum pain score was 5.74 and varied by surgery type (range, 0‐10). Mean pain score decreased to 2.61 upon discharge (0‐8) and to 0.51 at the first postoperative visit. Patients with a length of stay exceeding 1 day had significantly higher maximum pain scores than those with a length of stay of 0 or 1 day (8 vs 5.58, P <. 001). Morphine milligram equivalents while in the hospital averaged 25.4 per day and were significantly influenced by preoperative opioid use (0‐202). Acetaminophen/oxycodone was the most commonly prescribed opioid. The mean number of pills prescribed postoperatively was 43.1 (0‐120).ConclusionIn our population, patients are discharged with opioid prescriptions that may be in excess of their requirements following thyroid and parathyroid surgery. Preoperative opioid use was associated with higher postoperative pain score and, on multivariate analysis, greater inpatient opioid consumption. Further investigation is warranted to ensure that we are prescribing opioids appropriately following thyroid and parathyroid surgery.
The Trail Making test: a study of its ability to predict falls in the acute neurological in-patient population
Authors: Mateen Bilal Akhter , Bussas Matthias , Doogan Catherine , Waller Denise , Saverino Alessia , Király Franz J , Playford E Diane 
Published: May 2018

Objective: To determine whether tests of cognitive function and patient-reported outcome measures of motor function can be used to create a machine learning-based predictive tool for falls. Design: Prospective cohort study. Setting: Tertiary neurological and neurosurgical center. Subjects: In all, 337 in-patients receiving neurosurgical, neurological, or neurorehabilitation-based care. Main Measures: Binary (Y/N) for falling during the in-patient episode, the Trail Making Test (a measure of attention and executive function) and the Walk-12 (a patient-reported measure of physical function). Results: The principal outcome was a fall during the in-patient stay ( n = 54). The Trail test was identified as the best predictor of falls. Moreover, addition of other variables, did not improve the prediction (Wilcoxon signed-rank P < 0.001). Classical linear statistical modeling methods were then compared with more recent machine learning based strategies, for example, random forests, neural networks, support vector machines. The random forest was the best modeling strategy when utilizing just the Trail Making Test data (Wilcoxon signed-rank P < 0.001) with 68% (± 7.7) sensitivity, and 90% (± 2.3) specificity. Conclusion: This study identifies a simple yet powerful machine learning (Random Forest) based predictive model for an in-patient neurological population, utilizing a single neuropsychological test of cognitive function, the Trail Making test.
Psychedelic use and intimate partner violence: The role of emotion regulation
Authors: Thiessen Michelle S , Walsh Zach , Bird Brian M , Lafrance Adele 
Published: May 2018

Background: Recent evidence suggests that psychedelic use predicts reduced perpetration of intimate partner violence among men involved in the criminal justice system. However, the extent to which this association generalizes to community samples has not been examined, and potential mechanisms underlying this association have not been directly explored. Aims: The present study examined the association between lifetime psychedelic use and intimate partner violence among a community sample of men and women. The study also tested the extent to which the associations were mediated by improved emotion regulation. Methods: We surveyed 1266 community members aged 16–70 (mean age=22.78, standard deviation =7.71) using an online questionnaire that queried substance use, emotional regulation, and intimate partner violence. Respondents were coded as psychedelic users if they reported one or more instance of using lysergic acid diethylamide and/or psilocybin mushrooms in their lifetime. Results/outcomes: Males reporting any experience using lysergic acid diethylamide and/or psilocybin mushrooms had decreased odds of perpetrating physical violence against their current partner (odds ratio=0.42, p<0.05). Furthermore, our analyses revealed that male psychedelic users reported better emotion regulation when compared to males with no history of psychedelic use. Better emotion regulation mediated the relationship between psychedelic use and lower perpetration of intimate partner violence. This relationship did not extend to females within our sample. Conclusions/interpretation: These findings extend prior research showing a negative relationship between psychedelic use and intimate partner violence, and highlight the potential role of emotion regulation in this association.
Ring versus non-ring plate for the treatment of displaced scapular body fractures: a retrospective study with a mean follow-up of 5 years
Authors: Yuan Zheng , Zhang Fan , Liang Guanzhao , Zeng Xianshang , Liu Dan , Yang Chen , Yu Weiguang , Zhang Qiang , Zhang Xinchao 
Published: May 2018

Objective To compare surgical complications and functional outcomes of the ring plate versus the non-ring plate approach to the surgical repair of scapular body fractures (SBFs; AO/OTA classification: 14-A2.2). Methods This retrospective study reviewed data from adults with SBFs who underwent a modified Judet approach combined with non-ring or ring plates between November 2006 and June 2013. The primary outcomes were the Constant and Murley score and the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) score. The secondary outcomes were radiographic findings. Results A total of 318 patients had a non-ring or ring plate internal fixation, of which 147 patients (ring-treated, n = 72; non-ring-treated, n = 75) were evaluated with a mean follow-up period of 60 months. At the 3-month follow-up, the complication rate was 2.8% and 13.3% for the ring-treated and non-ring-treated groups, respectively. The difference persisted over time, with significantly different rates of 8.3% and 20.0% at the final follow-up for the ring and non-ring groups, respectively. The ring-treated group had significantly higher postoperative Constant and Murley scores and lower DASH scores compared with the non-ring-treated group. Conclusion Application of a modified Judet approach combined with ring plate internal fixation for the treatment of SBFs may be the preferred treatment option.
Increased risk of atrial fibrillation among patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery while receiving nitrates and antiplatelet agents
Authors: Efird Jimmy T. , Jindal Charulata , Kiser Andy C. , Akhter Shahab A. , Crane Patricia B. , Kypson Alan P. , Sverdlov Aaron L. , Davies Stephen W. , Kindell Linda C. , Anderson Ethan J. 
Published: May 2018

Background Postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) is a frequent complication of coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery. This arrhythmia occurs more frequently among patients who receive perioperative inotropic therapy (PINOT). Administration of nitrates with antiplatelet agents reduces the conversion rate of cyclic guanosine monophosphate to guanosine monophosphate. This process is associated with increased concentrations of free radicals, catecholamines, and blood plasma volume. We hypothesized that patients undergoing CABG surgery who receive PINOT may be more susceptible to POAF when nitrates are administered with antiplatelet agents. Methods Clinical records were examined from a prospectively maintained cohort of 4,124 patients undergoing primary isolated CABG surgery to identify POAF-associated factors. Results POAF risk was increased among patients receiving PINOT, and the greatest effect was observed when nitrates were administered with antiplatelet therapy. Adjustment for comorbidities did not substantively change the study results. Conclusions Administration of nitrates with certain antiplatelet agents was associated with an increased POAF risk among patients undergoing CABG surgery. Additional studies are needed to determine whether preventive strategies such as administration of antioxidants will reduce this risk.
Life-Sustaining Procedures, Palliative Care Consultation, and Do-Not Resuscitate Status in Dying Patients With COPD in US Hospitals
Authors: Shen Jay J. , Ko Eunjeong , Kim Pearl , Kim Sun Jung , Lee Yong-Jae , Lee Jae-Hoon , Yoo Ji Won 
Published: May 2018

Aim: Little is known regarding the extent to which dying patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) receive life-sustaining procedures and palliative care in US hospitals. We examined temporal trends and the impact of palliative care on the use of life-sustaining procedures in this population. Materials and Methods: A retrospective nationwide cohort analysis was performed using weighted National Inpatient Sample (NIS) data obtained from 2010 to 2014. Decedents ≥18 years of age at the time of death and with a principal diagnosis of COPD were included. We examined the receipt of life-sustaining procedures, defined as1 ventilation (intubation, mechanical ventilation, and noninvasive ventilation),2 vasopressor use (infusion and intravascular monitoring),3 nutrition (enteral and parenteral infusion of concentrated nutrition),4 dialysis, and5 cardiopulmonary resuscitation as well as palliative care consultation and do not resuscitate (DNR). We used compound annual growth rates (CAGRs) and the Rao-Scott correction of the χ2 statistic to determine the statistical significance of temporal trends of life-sustaining procedures, palliative care utilization, and DNR status. Results: Among 37 312 324 hospitalizations, 38 425 patients were examined. The CAGRs of life-sustaining procedures were 6.61% and −9.73% among patients who underwent multiple procedures and patients who did not undergo any procedure, respectively (both P < .001). The CAGRs of palliative consultation and DNR were 5.25% and 36.62%, respectively (both P < .001). Conclusions: Among adults with COPD dying in US hospitals between 2010 and 2014, the utilization of life-sustaining procedures, palliative care, and DNR status increased.
Interdisciplinary Approach to Complexity in Simulation Game Design and Implementation
Authors: Wardaszko Marcin 
Published: May 2018

Background. This article offers another look at the complexity in simulation game design and implementation. Although, the topic is not new or undiscovered the growing volatility of socio-economic environments and changes to the way we design simulation games nowadays call for better research and design methods. Aim. The aim of this article is to look into the current state of understanding complexity in simulation gaming and put it in the context of learning with and through complexity. Methodology. The nature and understanding of complexity are simultaneously field-specific and interdisciplinary. Analyzing understanding and role of complexity in different fields associated with simulation game design and implementation. Thoughtful theoretical analysis has been applied in order to deconstruct the complexity theory and reconstruct it further as higher-order models. Results and recommendations. This article offers an interdisciplinary look at the role and place of complexity from two perspectives. The first perspective is knowledge building and dissemination about complexity in simulation gaming. Second, perspective is the role the complexity plays in building and implementation of the simulation gaming as a design process.
The perils of PROMs: question 5 of the Oxford Hip Score is ambiguous to 10% of English-speaking patients: a survey of 135 patients
Authors: Péchon Pierre H M , Butler Katherine , Murphy George , Singer Gian C 
Published: May 2018

Introduction: The Oxford Hip Score (OHS) is a commonly used patient-reported outcome measure (PROM), comprising 12 questions. We present the incidental finding that one of the 12 questions is ambiguous. Materials and methods: As part of a 10-year follow-up of patients treated with hip resurfacing the OHS was posted to 148 patients; 135 (91%) replied. Scores were read by 2 orthopaedic surgery trainees and entered into a database. It was noted that Question 5 was frequently mis-interpreted. Results: Thirteen patients’ questionnaires (10%) showed the same inconsistency: question 5 was scored as 0 points but the other 11 questions were scored as either 3 or 4 in 97% of cases. The ethnic group of all 13 patients was recorded in hospital data as being White-British. Conclusion: Question 5 of the OHS is ambiguous to 10% of native English-speakers. These patients rated their hip function highly, as reflected by the fact that 97% of the questions other than question 5 scored 3 or 4, indeed 87% of them scored 4. We hypothesise that the wording of the zero score option “Not at all” is being mis-interpreted as a response indicating that the patient does not suffer any pain at all. The effect is an error of 4 points out of 48 (8%); this may under-estimate the patient’s hip score. Surgeons are under great scrutiny to prove efficacy of surgical interventions; this is often provided by PROMs. We should strive to formulate the most accurate, reproducible and least ambiguous PROMs questionnaires.