bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Implementing primary healthcare nurse practitioners in long‐term care teams: A qualitative descriptive study
Authors: Kilpatrick Kelley , Jabbour Mira , Tchouaket Éric , Acorn Michelle , Donald Faith , Hains Sylvie 
Published: January 2019

AbstractAimTo identify the conditions needed to implement nurse practitioners (NP) in long‐term care (LTC) in Québec, Canada.DesignA qualitative descriptive study was undertaken.MethodsSemi‐structured interviews (N = 91) and socio‐demographic questionnaires were completed with providers and managers from May 2016–March 2017. Nurse practitioner activity logs were compiled at three sites. Content analysis was used.ResultsAll sites initially implemented a shared care model but not all sites successfully implemented a consultative model. The progression was influenced by physicians’ level of comfort in moving towards a consultative model. Weekly meetings with physicians and nurse managers and an office for NPs located near healthcare teams facilitated communication and improved implementation. Half‐time NP positions facilitated recruitment. Improvements were noted in timely care for residents, family involvement and quality of documentation of the healthcare team. Regulatory restrictions on prescribing medications used frequently in LTC and daily physician presence at some sites limited implementation.ConclusionThe project fostered an understanding of the conditions needed to successfully implement NPs in LTC. An examination of the perspective of residents and families is needed.
Effects of thrombolysis within 6 hours on acute cerebral infarction in an improved rat embolic middle cerebral artery occlusion model for ischaemic stroke
Authors: Si Zhihua , Liu Jinzhi , Hu Ke , Lin Yan , Liu Jie , Wang Aihua 
Published: January 2019

AbstractRecombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt‐PA) is the first‐line drug for revascularization in acute cerebral infarction (ACI) treatment. In this study, an improved rat embolic middle cerebral artery occlusion model for ischaemic stroke was used and the rats were killed on the first, third and seventh day after model establishment. Increases in infarct volume were significantly less in the thrombolytic group than in the conventional group at every time‐point. The microvascular density (MVD) in the thrombolytic group was significantly higher than that in the conventional group at every time‐point, especially on the seventh day. Increases in the expressions of neuronal nitric‐oxide synthase (NOS) and caspase‐3 in the ischaemic region and in the nitric oxide contents, malondialdehyde contents, and inducible NOS activities in the cortex of infarct side were significantly less in the thrombolytic group than in the conventional group. Furthermore, decreases in the superoxide dismutase activities in the thrombolytic group were significantly less than those in the conventional group. In conclusion, thrombolytic rt‐PA therapy within a broadened therapeutic window (6 hours) could significantly decrease the infarct volume after ACI, possibly by increasing MVD in the ischaemic region, decreasing apoptotic molecule expression, and alleviating the oxidative stress response.
Vitamin D and Falls in Older African American Women: The PODA Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Aloia John F. , Rubinova Rakhil , Fazzari Melissa , Islam Shahidul , Mikhail Mageda , Ragolia Louis 
Published: January 2019

BackgroundLimited information is available on the influence of vitamin D on falls in older high‐functioning black American women. Endocrine Society guidelines propose serum 25(OH)D levels over 30 ng/mL.ObjectiveTo determine if maintenance of serum 25(OH)D above 30 ng/mL protects against falls.DesignThe Physical Performance, Osteoporosis and Vitamin D in African American Women (PODA) trial had a prospective, randomized, placebo‐controlled, double‐dummy design with two arms: one with placebo and one with vitamin D3 adjusted to maintain serum 25(OH)D above 30 ng/mL. The primary outcomes were the prevention of bone loss and the decline in physical performance.PatientsThe target population was healthy black women older than 60 years with serum 25(OH)D between 8 and 26 ng/mL. The trial was 3 years in duration with a falls questionnaire administered every 3 months. A total of 260 women entered the study, and 184 completed the 3 years. Mean age was 68.2 years.SettingResearch center in an academic health center.Main Outcomes MeasurePrevention of falls.InterventionParticipants were randomly assigned to placebo or active vitamin D. Vitamin D3 dose was adjusted to maintain serum 25(OH)D above 30 ng/mL in the active group using a double‐dummy design.ResultsBaseline 25(OH)D was 22 ng/mL. Mean serum 25(OH)D reached 47 ng/mL in the active group compared with 21 ng/mL in the placebo group. There were 14.2% falls in the previous year recalled at baseline. During the study, 46% reported falling in the treatment group compared with 47% in the placebo group. There was no association of serum 25(OH)D or vitamin D dose with the risk of falling.ConclusionsThere is no benefit of maintaining serum 25(OH)D above 30 ng/mL compared with the Institute of Medicine recommendation (20 ng/mL) in preventing falls in healthy older black American women. J Am Geriatr Soc 67:1043–1049, 2019.
Feasibility and Acceptability of a Checklist and Learning Collaborative to Promote Quality and Safety in the Perinatal Care of Women with Opioid Use Disorders
Authors: Goodman Daisy , Zagaria Alexandra B. , Flanagan Victoria , Deselle Farrah Sheehan , Hitchings Amanda R. , Maloney Renee , Small Themarge A. , Vergo Autumn Versace , Bruce Martha L. 
Published: January 2019

IntroductionPerinatal opioid use disorder (OUD) represents a maternal‐child health crisis in the United States. Untreated, OUD is associated with maternal and neonatal morbidity due to infectious disease, polysubstance use, co‐occurring mental health conditions, prematurity, neonatal opioid withdrawal, and maternal mortality from overdose. Although national guidelines exist to optimize perinatal care for women with OUD, wide variation persists in health care providers’ experience caring for this population and in the quality of care delivered.ProcessWe conducted a pilot study to determine whether the use of a checklist summarizing best practice could improve perinatal care for women with OUD. Implementation was supported by a learning collaborative of maternity care providers at 8 diverse sites across Vermont, New Hampshire, and Maine. Outcomes before and after implementation were compared to determine whether practice change occurred.OutcomesData were collected from the records of 223 women with OUD who received prenatal care at pilot sites. All sites endorsed use of the checklist as a practice guide, and it was integrated in 78% of records reviewed. Across sites, significant improvement occurred in key elements of care, including increasing the proportion of women with access to the lifesaving drug naloxone (10.9% vs 36.3%, P < .001), receiving counseling about the benefits of breastfeeding (50.9% vs 72.0%, P < .01), and treating with nicotine replacement when indicated (9.1% vs 26.8%, P = .01). No significant change occurred in rates of prematurity, low birth weight, or breastfeeding at hospital discharge.DiscussionImplementation of a checklist to facilitate best practice in the care of pregnant women with OUD is feasible, acceptable to maternity care providers, and represents a promising approach to improving quality of care for this vulnerable population. Additional research is needed to determine whether improvement in quality can transform perinatal outcomes.
FipoQ/FBXO33, a Cullin‐1‐based ubiquitin ligase complex component modulates ubiquitination and solubility of polyglutamine disease protein
Authors: Chen Zhefan Stephen , Wong Azaria Kam Yan , Cheng Tat Cheung , Koon Alex Chun , Chan Ho Yin Edwin 
Published: January 2019

AbstractPolyglutamine (polyQ) diseases describe a group of progressive neurodegenerative disorders caused by the CAG triplet repeat expansion in the coding region of the disease genes. To date, nine such diseases, including spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3), have been reported. The formation of SDS‐insoluble protein aggregates in neurons causes cellular dysfunctions, such as impairment of the ubiquitin‐proteasome system, and contributes to polyQ pathologies. Recently, the E3 ubiquitin ligases, which govern substrate specificity of the ubiquitin‐proteasome system, have been implicated in polyQ pathogenesis. The Cullin (Cul) proteins are major components of Cullin‐RING ubiquitin ligases (CRLs) complexes that are evolutionarily conserved in the Drosophila genome. In this study, we examined the effect of individual Culs on SCA3 pathogenesis and found that the knockdown of Cul1 expression enhances SCA3‐induced neurodegeneration and reduces the solubility of expanded SCA3‐polyQ proteins. The F‐box proteins are substrate receptors of Cul1‐based CRL. We further performed a genetic modifier screen of the 19 Drosophila F‐box genes and identified F‐box involved in polyQ pathogenesis (FipoQ) as a genetic modifier of SCA3 degeneration that modulates the ubiquitination and solubility of expanded SCA3‐polyQ proteins. In the human SK‐N‐MC cell model, we identified that F‐box only protein 33 (FBXO33) exerts similar functions as FipoQ in modulating the ubiquitination and solubility of expanded SCA3‐polyQ proteins. Taken together, our study demonstrates that Cul1‐based CRL and its associated F‐box protein, FipoQ/FBXO33, modify SCA3 protein toxicity. These findings will lead to a better understanding of the disease mechanism of SCA3 and provide insights for developing treatments against SCA3.
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Cover Image for this issue: doi: 10.1111/jnc.14510.
An educational intervention on foot self‐care behaviour among diabetic retinopathy patients with visual disability and their primary caregivers
Authors: Li Jiayu , Gu Lipei , Guo Yujie 
Published: January 2019

AbstractAims and objectivesTo assess the effectiveness of a 12‐week educational intervention on foot self‐care behaviour among diabetic retinopathy patients with visual disability and their primary caregivers in China.BackgroundDiabetes with the coexistence of diabetic retinopathy and foot problems complicating diabetes not only represents a personal disaster, but also becomes a serious burden to public health in China. A foot self‐care educational intervention is both cost‐effective and feasible even in a health resource‐limited setting, which should be developed and evaluated.DesignQuasi‐experimental.MethodsFrom July–September 2017, we enrolled 80 eligible hospitalised diabetic retinopathy patients and their primary caregivers by convenient sampling method in a first‐class comprehensive hospital in Nantong, in China. Before and after the educational intervention that is in accordance with the TREND statement (for details, see the “Supplementary File 1”), researchers and subjects filled out the self‐designed questionnaire on foot problems complicating diabetes and the Diabetic Foot Self‐care Behavior Scale, respectively.ResultsScores of foot self‐care behaviour among the subjects significantly improved from 54.19 ± 8.01–75.85 ± 5.04. The number of patients with fasting blood glucoses <7.0 mmol/L improved from 43 (53.75%)–80 (100%). The results of incidence of foot problems complicating diabetes were not statistically significant. The complete execution of each item in Diabetic Foot Self‐care Behavior Scale of subjects was apparently higher.ConclusionsThis educational intervention can facilitate positive foot self‐care behaviours among the diabetic retinopathy patients with visual disability and their primary caregivers in China.Relevance to clinical practice.This study adds to the evidence of the effectiveness of an educational intervention to foster positive foot self‐care behaviours. This educational intervention appears to be prospective in promoting diabetic home‐based self‐management in China, and the delivery method of the intervention may be applied to other chronic diseases.
Use of therapeutic plasma exchange to treat nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drug overdose in dogs
Authors: Rosenthal Melisa G. , Labato Mary A. 
Published: January 2019

BackgroundTherapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) may be an effective technique for treatment of accidental nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drug (NSAID) overdose, but information regarding the use of this technique in veterinary medicine is currently limited.ObjectivesTo evaluate the overall outcome for dogs with NSAID overdose treated with TPE and to determine if any presenting factors can predict or influence overall outcome. Secondary objectives included investigating TPE complications as well as the utility of other adjunctive treatments.AnimalsEleven client‐owned dogs presented for NSAID overdose that received TPE. All patients also received additional supportive treatment including IV lipid infusion.MethodsRetrospective review of medical records.ResultsEleven cases were included in the study. Of these, the NSAID ingested was ibuprofen in 6 (54.5%), naproxen in 4 (36.4%), and deracoxib in 1 (9.1%). All dogs survived to discharge with 3 (27.3%) developing acute kidney injury during hospitalization. A larger initial dose of NSAID ingested was associated with a higher maximum serum creatinine concentration during hospitalization (P= .04) and larger change in serum creatinine concentration from baseline (P= .02). Six dogs (54.5%) developed complications associated with TPE. The use of other treatments did not affect the overall outcome.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceWe identified TPE as an effective treatment for NSAID overdose with good outcomes despite high doses of NSAID ingestion in dogs treated with a single TPE treatment. Complications were common but did not affect the final outcome. Therapeutic plasma exchange should be considered in patients presenting for high‐dose NSAID ingestion.
Mucormycosis—A clinicoepidemiological review of cases over 10 years
Authors: Manesh Abi , Rupali Priscilla , Sullivan Maire O. , Mohanraj Promila , Rupa Vedantam , George Biju , Michael Joy S. 
Published: January 2019

SummaryBackgroundLimited data exist for epidemiology and outcomes of various agents causing mucormycosis in various clinical settings from developing countries like India.ObjectivesTo study the epidemiology and outcomes of various agents causing mucormycosis in different clinical settings in a tertiary care hospital from South India.Patients and methodsWe reviewed details of 184 consecutive patients with culture‐proven mucormycosis with consistent clinical syndrome and supporting features from September 2005 to September 2015.ResultsThe mean age of patients was 50.42 years; 70.97% were male. Unlike developed countries, R microsporus (29/184; 15.7%) and Apophysomyces elegans (20/184; 10.8%) also evolved as important pathogens in addition to R arrhizus in our setting. Paranasal sinuses (136/184; 73.9%) followed by musculoskeletal system (28/184; 15.2%) were the common areas of involvement. Apophysomyces elegans typically produced skin and musculoskeletal disease in immune‐competent individuals with trauma (12/20; 60%) and caused significantly lower mortality (P = 0.03). R microsporus was more common in patients with haematological conditions (25% vs 15.7%) and was less frequently a cause for sinusitis than R arrhizus (27.58% vs 10.9%). The overall mortality was 30.97%. Combination therapy with surgery and antifungals offered the best chance for cure.ConclusionsAgents causing mucormycosis may have unique clinical and epidemiological characteristics.
The descent of nations: social evolutionary theory, modernism and ethno‐symbolism
Authors: Kerr William 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThis article explores the use of a revised conception of social evolutionary theory towards an understanding of nationalism. First, I review the debate between ethno‐symbolism and modernism, through the lens of the Warwick Debate between Gellner and Smith, arguing that both are partly right. Secondly, I outline what the revised conception of social evolution is looking first at its traditional conception before outlining a Darwinian view of social evolutionary theory. Finally, I examine how Darwinian social evolutionary theory can help fruitfully bring the ethno‐symbolic and modernist perspectives together. This is done by a sustained engagement primarily with the theories of Anthony Smith and Ernest Gellner pointing to how Darwinian social evolutionary theory can provide a link between the two theories that makes them mutually supportive rather than opposed.
Taming a land. Power politics and the growth of complexity in the north‐east of the iberian peninsula during the first millennium BC: The lower ebro region
Authors: Castaño David Bea , Fons Jordi Diloli 
Published: January 2019

SummaryIn this paper we examine the structure of politically complex societies in the north‐east of the Iberian Peninsula during the first millennium BC, using the Lower Ebro region as an example. Drawing on data provided in recent years by archaeological research, we discuss the combination of territorially hierarchical and heterarchical phenomena. At the same time we reassess the chronological framework in which this sociopolitical process took place. To do so, we rely more on information about the evolution of the protohistoric societies in the region under study than on information about material culture. We present a model that may serve as a starting point for future research.
Long and Short‐distance Transhumance in Ancient Greece: The Case of Arkadia
Authors: Cardete María Cruz 
Published: January 2019

SummaryWe argue for short‐distance transhumance as a system of livestock mobility in ancient Arkadia, as well as in many other parts of ancient Greece. This model is a sustainable system of animal husbandry that resolves the technical and political issues posed by long‐distance transhumance and provides a historical interpretation of ancient Arkadian economies using a household herding model. Moreover, it helps us to integrate economy and socio‐political identity in mountainous areas. For this reason, we argue that it is necessary to revamp the traditional model for understanding ancient Greek husbandry, which is based on the opposition between astu and chora. This model has contributed greatly to fostering an image of ancient Arkadia as a territory especially dedicated to pastoralism, with the possible presence of long‐distance transhumance. However, archaeological, environmental and historical studies call into question the traditional models and point to other interpretations.
Threat Perception and Perspective Taking as Mediators Between Competitive Victimhood and Evaluations of Collective Action: The Gezi Park Protests
Authors: Demirdağ Ahmet , Hasta Derya 
Published: January 2019

The 2013 Gezi Park protests in Turkey, which are one of the major social movements in the last decade, have sharpened the sociopolitical polarization in the country. The present study employed a moderated mediation model in which symbolic threat, realistic threat, and perspective taking were examined as mediators between competitive victimhood and opposing groups’ differential evaluations of the protests. Further, the pro‐Gezi versus the anti‐Gezi group membership was hypothesized to moderate the mediation effects. Proponents (N = 337) and opponents (N = 138) of the protests were asked to respond to the measures corresponding to the variables in the model. Results revealed that for protest supporters, competitive victimhood predicted evaluations of the protests through realistic threat, but not through symbolic threat; in contrast, for opponents, it predicted evaluations of the protests through symbolic but not realistic threat. Further, perspective taking turned out to be a weak mediator. The results are discussed in terms of the differential power relationships between the groups in the cultural and political domains.
Organic geochemical investigation of far‐field tsunami deposits of the Kahana Valley, O‘ahu, Hawai‘i
Authors: Bellanova Piero , Frenken Mike , Richmond Bruce , Schwarzbauer Jan , La Selle Seanpaul , Griswold Frances , Jaffe Bruce , Nelson Alan , Reicherter Klaus 
Published: January 2019

AbstractFar‐field tsunami deposits observed in the Kahana Valley, O‘ahu, Hawai‘i (USA), were investigated for their organic‐geochemical content. During short high‐energy events, (tsunamis and storms) organic and chemical components are transported with sediment from marine to terrestrial areas. This study investigates the use of anthropogenic based organic geochemical compounds (such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, pesticides and organochlorides) as a means to identify tsunami deposits. Samples were processed by solid–liquid extraction and analyzed using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. A total of 21 anthropogenic marker compounds were identified, of which 11 compounds were selected for detailed analysis. Although the tsunami deposits pre‐date industrial activity in Hawai‘i by several hundred years, distinct changes were found in the concentrations of anthropogenic marker compounds between sandy tsunami deposits and the surrounding mud/peat layers, which may help in identifying tsunami deposits within cores. As expected, low overall concentrations of anthropogenic markers and pollutants were observed due to the lack of industrial input‐sources and little anthropogenic environmental impact at the study site. This geochemical characterization of tsunami deposits shows that anthropogenic markers have significant potential as another high‐resolution, multi‐proxy method for identifying tsunamis in the sedimentary record.
Fosil Polen Mangrove Berumur Pliosen Dari Formasi Tapak Daerah Kedung Randu, Banyumas
Authors: Agung Suedy Sri Widodo , Muhadiono Muhadiono , Sabiham Supiandi , Qoyim Ibnul 
Published: January 2019

Thirty sediment samples had been taken from the Tapak Formation of Kedung Randu areas, Banyumas, to reconstruct the diversity of mangrove flora from this area the past. This samples were processed for palynological slides used standard palynology preparation method. The microscopic identification of palynomorphs were done to identify taxa of paleoflora. Fifty-six types of pollen and spores fossils had been identified and 22 types were mangrove pollen-spores fossils. This fossils could be grouped into major mangrove (Zonocostites ramonae/Rhizophora type, Spinizonocolpites echinatus/Nypa fruticans, Florschuetzia levipoli/Soneratia caseolaris and Avicennia type); group of minor mangrove (Retitricolporites sp./Excoecaria sp., Discoidites novaguenensis/Brownlowia type, Camptostemon and Acrostichum aureum), and a group of plant associations (Retitricolporites equatoralis/Calophyllum type, Dicolpopollis sp./Calamus type, Racemonocolpites sp./Oncosperma, Marginipollis concinus/Barringtonia, Pandaniidites sp. /Pandanus, Terminalia catappa, Ilexpollenites sp./Ilex, Stellatopollis sp./Croton type, Acanthaceae type, Cyperaceaepollis/Cyperaceae, Podocarpidites/Podocarpus, Aglaia type, Haloragacidites/ Casuarina and Verrucatosporites usmensis/Stenochlaena palustris. Stenochlaeniidites papuanus and Podocarpus imbricatus were found in the samples. Tapak Formation was included in the last section of the Podocarpus imbricatus/Dacrycarpidites australiensis Zone of Java Palynological Zonation, and this formation was in the age of Late Pliocene towards Pleistocene. Key word: Tapak Formation; major-minor-plant associations of mangrove; palynological zonation