bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Management of pediatric ankle fractures: comparison of biodegradable PLGA implants with traditional metal screws
Authors: Nudelman Hermann , Lőrincz Aba , Lamberti Anna Gabriella , Varga Marcell , Kassai Tamás , Józsa Gergő 
Published: October 2024

IntroductionThe relevance of biodegradable implants has gained more importance in modern clinical practice. The study aimed to evaluate the effects and outcomes of ankle fracture treatment with absorbable implants compared to metal screws. These implants are made from poly l-lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA), however, there are several other materials available on the market.MethodsIn a retrospective review, a total of 128 patients were under observation, with distal tibial fracture types ranging from Salter-Harris II-IV. In the absorbable group, patients were treated with the implants (n = 76). The metal group included patients treated with titanium or steel screws (n = 52). The extremities were placed in a cast for six weeks after surgery and were utilized for another 6–8 weeks. Patients were followed up for 12–30 months and were evaluated accordingly. The authors examined several aspects such as age, gender, open or closed repair, mechanism of injury, length of hospitalization, type of fracture, time of recovery, and complications.ResultsThere were no statistically significant differences between the groups regarding demographic qualities, such as age, type of fracture, side of injury, and length of cast application (p &gt; 0.05 in all cases). Out of 76 patients in the PLGA group, only two presented with complications, so reoperation took place. The rest healed without complications or refractures. Two of those treated with metal screws (n = 52) had minor, and four had major complications with reoperation.DiscussionIn pediatric cases, PLGA implants may present excellent results for treating ankle fractures. They do not disturb the growth plate and do not require reoperation. For this reason, they reduce the burden on the patient and the healthcare provider while simultaneously decreasing the risk of complications, such as infections or problems due to general anesthesia.
Case Report: Ocular paroxysmal non-epileptic events as the presenting sign of celiac disease in children: a case series
Authors: Monzani Alice , Genoni Giulia , Papa Amanda , Paggi Noemi , Capra Eleonora , Brustia Francesca , Rabbone Ivana 
Published: October 2024

IntroductionNeurologic manifestations may be presenting signs of celiac disease (CD). Pediatric-onset paroxysmal non-epileptic events (PNEEs) are not included among them.Cases presentationWe report the case of two children who presented with ocular PNEEs in association with mild symptoms evocative for CD, who were subsequently diagnosed with CD and experienced regression of PNEEs on a gluten-free diet. Data from 12 patients undergoing neurological evaluation in 2019–2023 for ocular PNEEs were reviewed: 3 (25%) had a subsequent diagnosis of CD.ConclusionsOcular PNEEs could be a presenting manifestation of CD. In the diagnostic work-up of PNEEs, screening for CD could be included, both to avoid unnecessary tests and to promptly start a gluten-free diet, which might lead to a favorable clinical response.
Identification of novel SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro inhibitors by molecular docking, in vitro assays, molecular dynamics simulations and DFT analyses
Authors: Zong Keli , Wei Chaochun , Li Wei , Ruan Jiajun , Zhang Susu , Li Jingjing , Liu Xiaojing , Zhao Xu , Cao Ruiyuan , Yan Hong , Li Xingzhou 
Published: October 2024

IntroductionSARS-CoV-2 pandemic has presented a significant threat to global health and the economy, necessitating urgent efforts to develop effective antiviral drugs. The main protease (3CLpro) of SARS-CoV-2 is a critical target for antiviral therapy due to its essential role in viral replication.MethodsIn order to find new structural types of 3CLpro inhibitors to facilitate the solution to the problem of new virus resistance. Six potential pharmacologically bioactive compounds were identified by utilizing structure-based virtual screening and in vitro assays from the Topscience database containing 10 million compounds.Results and DiscussionAmong these, compounds 34 and 36 exhibited potent inhibitory activity with IC50 values of 6.12 ± 0.42 μM and 4.47 ± 0.39 μM, respectively. To elucidate their binding mechanisms with 3CLpro, all-atom molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were conducted. Principal component analysis (PCA), free energy landscapes (FEL) and dynamic cross-correlation maps (DCCM) revealed that the binding of compounds 34 and 36 to 3CLpro significantly enhanced the structural stability of 3CLpro, reducing conformational flexibility and internal motions. The results of protein-ligand interaction showed that compounds 34 and 36 formed strong and stable interactions to key residues at active site of 3CLpro with different binding modes from S-217622. And HOMO-LUMO gap and molecular electrostatic potential distribution revealed the quantum chemical properties of compounds 34 and 36. These findings suggested that compounds 34 and 36 can be as novel SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro inhibitors and promising lead-like drug candidates for developing COVID-19 treatments.
Identification of moment equations via data-driven approaches in nonlinear Schrödinger models
Authors: Yang Su , Chen Shaoxuan , Zhu Wei , Kevrekidis P. G. 
Published: October 2024

IntroductionThe moment quantities associated with the nonlinear Schrödinger equation offer important insights into the evolution dynamics of such dispersive wave partial differential equation (PDE) models. The effective dynamics of the moment quantities are amenable to both analytical and numerical treatments.MethodsIn this paper, we present a data-driven approach associated with the “Sparse Identification of Nonlinear Dynamics” (SINDy) to capture the evolution behaviors of such moment quantities numerically.Results and DiscussionOur method is applied first to some well-known closed systems of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) which describe the evolution dynamics of relevant moment quantities. Our examples are, progressively, of increasing complexity and our findings explore different choices within the SINDy library. We also consider the potential discovery of coordinate transformations that lead to moment system closure. Finally, we extend considerations to settings where a closed analytical form of the moment dynamics is not available.
Correlations between coagulation abnormalities and inflammatory markers in trauma-induced coagulopathy
Authors: Wen Ke , Lin Zhexuan , Tan Haizhu , Han Ming 
Published: October 2024

IntroductionIn multiple trauma patients, the occurrence of trauma-induced coagulopathy (TIC) is closely associated with tissue damage and coagulation function abnormalities in the pathophysiological process.MethodsThis study established a multiple trauma and shock model in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats and comprehensively utilized histological staining and radiographic imaging techniques to observe injuries in the intestine, liver, skeletal muscles, and bones. Monitoring activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), platelet (PLT) count, respiratory rate, blood pressure, and other physiological indicators revealed time-dependent alterations in coagulation function and physiological indicators. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) measurements of inflammatory factors Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-α), Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and vascular endothelial injury marker (Syndecan-1) were also conducted.ResultsExperimental results demonstrated significant changes in tissue structure after multiple traumas, although widespread necrosis or hemorrhagic lesions were not observed. There were time-dependent alterations in coagulation function and physiological indicators. ELISA measurements showed a strong positive correlation between the significant decrease in PLT count and the increase in TNF-α and IL-6 concentrations.DiscussionThe study provides crucial information for the early diagnosis and treatment of TIC. The findings suggest that structured monitoring of coagulation and inflammatory indicators can help in understanding the pathophysiological changes and aid in the management of TIC in multiple trauma patients.
Variations in health literacy and influential factors affecting the categories of social support among rural patients with diabetes mellitus
Authors: Zhang Xin , Zhang Yan-Ping , Zeng Lin , Li Xiang , Han Jia-Xia , Fu Gui-Fen , Bai Chao-Qun , Lei Xiao-Xue 
Published: October 2024

ObjectiveThe aim of this study is to explore the inherent classification of social support among individuals residing in rural areas of China. Additionally, we aim to examine the attributes and variations in health literacy scores among patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) within diverse social support categories.DesignCross-sectional study.MethodsEmploying the multi-stage stratified sampling technique, we enrolled 2,178 patients diagnosed with DM residing in the rural regions of Guangxi Province. We utilized the General Information Questionnaire, Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS), and Functional, Communicative and Critical Health Literacy Instrument.ResultsThe rural patients with DM were categorized into four distinct groups based on the types and levels of their underlying social support. These groups included a low-level social support utilization group (43%), a low-level objective social support group (17%), a moderate-level social support group (20%), and a high-level social support and high-level utilization group (20%). Statistical analysis revealed significant differences among the four groups in terms of age, disease duration, and blood sugar control level (p &lt; 0.05). Furthermore, health literacy scores and scores across various dimensions for rural patients with DM demonstrated variability in accordance with latent profiles of social support, with statistically significant differences observed (p &lt; 0.05). A positive correlation was identified between the level of social support and all dimensions of health literacy among rural patients with DM (p &lt; 0.05).ConclusionThe social support available to individuals with DM in rural settings can be categorized into four distinct types, and its manifestation is influenced by demographic factors. The health literacy of rural patients with DM is intricately linked to the extent of social support they receive. For enhanced outcomes, interventions targeted at enhancing health literacy and quality of life among rural patients with DM should be tailored to address the heterogeneity observed in latent profiles of social support.
Regional and social disparities in cessation behavior and motivation to quit among U.S. adult current smokers, Tobacco Use Supplement to the U.S. Census Bureau's Current Population Survey 2014–15 and 2018–19
Authors: Johnson Candon , Martinez Jose 
Published: October 2024

IntroductionVariation in smoking cessation behaviors and motivators across the United States may contribute to health disparities. This study investigates regional differences over time in two key cessation motivators (quit interest and doctor's advice to quit) and two cessation behaviors (past-year quit attempts and recent successful cessation) across diverse demographic factors.MethodsData were analyzed from two releases of the Tobacco Use Supplement to the U.S. Census Bureau's Current Population Survey (TUS-CPS) for the years 2014–15 and 2018–19. The analysis included sex, age, race and ethnicity, education, marital status, employment status, and household income.ResultsFindings from 2018 to 2019 TUS-CPS revealed that quit interest was highest in the Northeast and lowest in the Midwest, while doctor's advice to quit was most prevalent in the Northeast and least in the West. Past-year quit attempts were most common in the Northeast and least in the South. Recent successful cessation (defined as quitting for 6 to 12 months) was highest in the Northeast and Midwest, with the South showing the lowest rates. Compared to the 2014–15 survey, 14 demographic groups (7 in the Midwest, 6 in the South, and 1 in the West) showed decreases in both quit interest and actions to quit. Notably, the Asian non-Hispanic group in the Northeast experienced a significant decrease in quit interest (–17.9%) but an increase in recent successful cessation (+369.2%).DiscussionOverall, the study indicates that while quit interest was highest in the West, the South exhibited the lowest rates of quit attempts and successful cessation. Significant differences were also noted between age groups. These findings highlight the need for further research into cessation behaviors at more granular levels to inform policies aimed at reducing smoking-related health disparities among populations facing the greatest challenges in cessation.
Paediatric systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and the development of patient-specific therapy: ethical perspectives through experts’ opinions
Authors: Stolte Frederik , Aleksandrova-Yankulovska Silviya , Thiemicke Paul , Orzechowski Marcin , Schuetz Catharina , Steger Florian 
Published: October 2024

BackgroundResearch for personalised therapies concerning the Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (SIRS) in children involves the utilisation of OMICS technologies and Artificial Intelligence (AI).MethodsTo identify specific ethical challenges through the perspective of healthcare professionals, we conducted 10 semi-structured interviews. The development of interview questions for the interviews was preceded by a systematic review of the scientific literature. To address the complexities of paediatric emergency research, informed consent, and data processing, experts with expertise in paediatric intensive care, computer science, and medical law were sought. After the transcription and anonymisation, the analysis followed established guidelines for qualitative content and thematic analysis.ResultsInterviewees highlighted the intricacies of managing consent in personalised SIRS research due to the large amount and complexity of information necessary for autonomous decision-making. Thus, instruments aimed at enhancing the understanding of legal guardians and to empowering the child were appreciated and the need for specific guidelines and establishing standards was expressed. Medical risks were estimated to be low, but the challenges of securing anonymisation and data protection were expected. It was emphasised that risks and benefits cannot be anticipated at this stage. Social justice issues were identified because of possible biases within the research population. Our findings were analysed using current ethical and legal frameworks for research with a focus on the particularities of the patient group and the emergency background. In this particular context, experts advocated for an enabling approach pertaining to AI in combination with OMICS technologies.ConclusionAs with every new technological development, ethical and legal challenges cannot be foreseen for SIRS-personalised treatment. Given this circumstance, experts emphasised the importance of extending the ethics-legal discourse beyond mere restrictions. The organisation of supervision should be reconsidered and not limited only to the precautionary principle, which per se was seen as impeding both the medical progress and clinical flexibility. It was noted that the establishment and monitoring of guidelines were emergent and should evolve through an interdisciplinary discourse. Therefore, it was recommended to enhance the qualifications of physicians in the field of computer science, impart ethics training to AI developers, and involve experts with expertise in medical law and data protection.
ОПЫТ ОРГАНИЗАЦИИ РАБОТЫ АКУШЕРСКОГО БЛОКА ГКП НА ПХВ «МНОГОПРОФИЛЬНАЯ ГОРОДСКАЯ БОЛЬНИЦА №3» ГОРОДА НУР-СУЛТАН В УСЛОВИЯХ ПАНДЕМИИ COVID-19
Authors: З.Г. Хамидуллина , Ж.С. Данбаева , А.Ж. Хасенова , Г.У. Алдабекова 
Published: October 2024

В статье представлены основные принципы организации принятые руководством ГКП на ПХВ «Многопрофильная городская больница №3» г. Нур-Султан в условиях пандемии коронавирусной инфекции. Комитетом инфекционного контроля разработаны алгоритмы, направленные на сдерживание эпидемического процесса COVID-19 и профилактику внутрибольничной инфекции. Своевременное принятие мер по противодействию распространения новой коронавирусной инфекции дало положительный эффект и определило эффективную и качественную работу акушерского блока. Ключевые слова: коронавирусная инфекция COVID-19, инфекционная безопасность, беременные, профилактика.
The article presents the basic principles of organization adopted by the leadership of the GKP on the REM "Multidisciplinary City Hospital No.3" in Nur-Sultan in the context of a coronavirus pandemic. The Infection Control Committee has developed algorithms aimed at curbing the epidemic process of COVID-19 and preventing nosocomial infection. The timely adoption of measures to counter the spread of the new coronavirus infection had a positive effect and determined the effective and high-quality work of the obstetric unit.
Мақалада коронавирустық пандемия жағдайында Нұр-Сұлтандағы «№3 көпсалалы қалалық аурухана» ШЖҚ МКК басшылығы қабылдаған ұйымның негізгі принциптері берілген. Инфекциялық бақылау комитеті COVID-19 эпидемиялық процесін тежеуге және ауруханаішілік инфекцияның алдын алуға бағытталған алгоритмдер әзірледі. Жаңа коронавирустық инфекцияның таралуына қарсы іс-шаралардың дер кезінде қабылдануы оң әсерін тигізді және акушерлік бөлімшенің тиімді әрі сапалы жұмысын анықтады.
Интраэпителиальные изменения слизистой оболочки рта при лейкоплакии
Authors: Н.А. Карпук , С.П. Рубникович , М.Н. Медведев 
Published: October 2024

Плоскоклеточный рак слизистой оболочки рта развивается, как правило, в исходе предшествующих потенциально злокачественных заболеваний, ведущим из которых является лейкоплакия. В работе изложены результаты изучения цитологического материала 407 пациентов с лейкоплакией слизистой оболочки рта с последующим гистологическим анализом биопсийного материала при выявлении цитологических признаков плоскоклеточных интраэпителиальных изменений низкой степени. У обследованных пациентов (n=407) наиболее часто (р<0,05) – в 308 (75,7%) случаях – встречалась гомогенная лейкоплакия слизистой оболочки рта (плоская форма), а негомогенная лейкоплакия слизистой оболочки рта – в 99 (24,3%) случаях (из них веррукозная – в 77 (18,9%), эрозивно-язвенная – в 22 (5,4%) случаях). Установлены различные типы цитологического и гистологического строения слизистой оболочки рта у пациентов с лейкоплакией слизистой оболочки рта. При всех формах лейкоплакии слизистой оболочки рта (n=407) плоскоклеточные интраэпителиальные изменения низкой степени выявлены у 38 (9,3%) пациентов (p<0,05). Лейкоплакия слизистой оболочки рта с плоскоклеточными интраэпителиальными изменениями низкой степени и без них чаще выявлялась у пациентов в возрастной группе 45–54 года.
Squamous cell carcinoma of the oral mucosa develops, as a rule, in the outcome of previous potentially malignant diseases, the most important of which is leukoplakia. The paper presents the results of a study of the cytological material of 407 patients with leukoplakia of oral mucosa, followed by histological analysis of biopsy material in identifying cytological signs of squamous intraepithelial changes of low degree. In the examined patients (n=407), homogeneous leukoplakia of oral mucosa (flat form) was most common (p<0.05) in 308 (75.7%) cases, and inhomogeneous leukoplakia of oral mucosa in 99 (24.3%) (verrucose LSD – in 77 (18.9%), erosive ulcerative – in 22 (5.4%) cases). Various types of cytological and histological structure of oral mucosa in patients with leukoplakia of oral mucosa have been established. In all forms of leukoplakia of oral mucosa (n=407), low-grade squamous intraepithelial changes were detected in 38 (9.3%) patients (p<0.05). Leukoplakia of oral mucosa and low-grade squamous intraepithelial changes and without them were more often detected in patients in the age group 45–54 years.
Эстетические аспекты комплексной реабилитации пациентов с зубочелюстными аномалиями
Authors: Я.И. Тимчук , Ю.Я. Наумович , А.В. Примак , С.С. Денисов 
Published: October 2024

Введение. Эстетическая привлекательность улыбки является одним из ключевых вопросов при обращении за ортодонтической помощью. Конечная удовлетворенность пациента результатом лечения часто связана с улучшением эстетических параметров не только зубов, но и окружающих их тканей. Для улучшения визуальных характеристик улыбки пациента с зубочелюстными аномалиями часто требуется междисциплинарный подход. Цель. Проведение комплексной реабилитации пациентов с зубочелюстными аномалиями. Материалы и методы. Объектом исследования являлись нарушения окклюзии, осложненные асимметрией контура свободной десны. Для реабилитации пациентов с зубочелюстными аномалиями использована несъемная техника – мультибондинг-система. Хирургическая коррекция контура десны проведена универсальным диодным лазером компании Biolase – Epic X. Результаты. Введение в ортодонтическое лечение хирургического этапа эстетической коррекции контура неприкрепленной десны позволило создать идеально симметричную линию улыбки пациентов. Заключение. Эстетическая привлекательность результата ортодонтического лечения существенно возрастает при проведении контурной пластики мягких тканей в ситуациях с асимметрией десны.
Introduction. The aesthetic appeal of the smile is one of the key issues when seeking orthodontic treatment. The patient’s ultimate satisfaction with the result of the treatment is often related to the improvement of the aesthetic parameters not only of the teeth, but also of the surrounding tissues. An interdisciplinary approach is often required to improve the visual characteristics of the smile of a patient with maxillofacial anomalies. Purpose. Carrying out complex rehabilitation of patients with maxillofacial anomalies. Materials and methods. The object of the study was occlusal disorders complicated by asymmetry of the free gingival contour. For rehabilitation of patients with dentofacial anomalies the fixed technique – multibonding system was used. Surgical correction of the gingival contour was performed with universal diode laser Biolase – Epic X. Results. Introduction of the surgical stage of aesthetic correction of the unattached gingival contour into orthodontic treatment allowed creating a perfectly symmetrical smile line of the patients. Conclusions. The aesthetic attractiveness of the result of orthodontic treatment significantly increases when soft tissue contour plastic is performed in situations with gingival asymmetry.
Campini-Caproni C.C.2. Historia niezwykłego samolotu z napędem moto-odrzutowym
Authors: Latalski Jarosław 
Published: October 2024

Artykuł opisuje historię rozwoju doświadczalnego samolotu z napędem moto-odrzutowym opracowanego przez inż. Secondo Campiniego. Unikalną cechą tej konstrukcji była idea wykorzystania silnika tłokowego do napędu sprężarki tłoczącej powietrze do komór spalania. Campini-Caproni C.C.2 był drugim w historii lotnictwa samolotem z napędem odrzutowym, który wzniósł się w powietrze. Jednocześnie był to pierwszy samolot odrzutowy, w którym zastosowano dopalacze.