bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The spatial cerebral damage caused by larger infarct and β‐amyloid toxicity is driven by the anatomical/functional connectivity
Authors: Amtul Zareen , Frías Carmen , Randhawa Jasmine , Hill David J. , Arany Edith J. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractLarge cerebral infarctions are major predictors of death and severe disability from stroke. Conversely, data concerning these types of infarctions and the affected adjacent brain circuits are scarce. It remains to be determined if the co‐morbid concurrence of large infarct and β‐amyloid (Aβ) toxicity can precipitate the early development of dementia. Here, we described a dose‐dependent effect of a unilateral striatal injection of vasoconstrictive endothelin‐1 (ET‐1) along with Aβ toxicity on CNS pathogenesis; driven by the anatomical and functional networks within a brain circuit. After 21 days of treatment, a high dose (60 pmol) of ET‐1 (E60) alone caused the greatest increase in neuroinflammation, mainly in the ipsilateral striatum and distant regions with synaptic links to the striatal lesion such as white matter (subcortical white matter, corpus callosum, internal capsule, anterior commissure), gray matter (globus pallidus, thalamus), and cortices (cingulate, motor, somatosensory, entorhinal). The combined E60 + Aβ treatment also extended perturbation in the contralateral hemisphere of these rats, such as increased deposition of amyloid precursor protein fragments associated with the appearance of degenerating cells and the leakage of laminin from the basement membrane across a compromised blood–brain barrier. However, the cerebral damage induced by the 6 pmol ET‐1 (E6), Aβ and E6 + Aβ rats was not detrimental enough to injure the complete network. The appreciation of the causal interactions among distinct anatomical units in the brain after ischemia and Aβ toxicity will help in the design of effective and alternative therapeutics that may disassociate the synergistic or additive association between the infarcts and Aβ toxicity.
Resolving a common vulnerability in secret sharing scheme–based data outsourcing schemes
Authors: Ghasemi Reza 
Published: July 2019

SummaryEvery day, the amount of generated data from different resources are increasing significantly and posing new serious challenges in terms of data storage and maintaining. As a solution, outsourcing data to a public cloud server with high storage and processing capacity sounds reasonable in comparison with storing in local data storage. Therefore, the database as a service (DaaS) paradigm has gained much popularity over the last decade since the introduction of cloud services. Storing confidential data into a third party arises some concerns regarding security and privacy of the data. One popular approach to address these problems in data outsourcing is utilizing secret sharing and distributing sensitive data among several databases. In this paper, we introduce a flaw that exhibits a deficiency relating to current schemes. This flaw indicates an intrinsic vulnerability to such methods and necessitates a reconsideration of these schemes. Moreover, a new way will be developed to resolve this problem in the previous schemes, which can be employed in all current schemes to mitigate the mentioned concern. Finally, a comprehensive implementation demonstrates that the proposed method is scalable to meet increasing demands in large databases.
ADAPT: Adaptive distributed optimization approach for uploading data with redundancy in cooperative mobile cloud
Authors: Wang Ji , Bao Weidong , Zhu Xiaomin 
Published: July 2019

SummaryWith the development of information technology and the ubiquity of mobile devices, increasing amounts of data are generated, processed, and transmitted by mobile devices. To alleviate the tension between the energy poverty of mobile devices and the increasing demand for transmitting data, the energy‐efficient data transmission problem attracts considerable interests. Nonetheless, how to upload data with redundancy efficiently lacks a thorough study despite the wide existence of this problem in many situations like data storage among mobile devices and mobile crowd sensing. Since uploading redundant data brings little value while still consuming precious energy, it is important to design an efficient approach for mobile devices to upload data with redundancy cooperatively. In this work, we formulate the uploading data with redundancy in cooperative mobile cloud as an energy‐constrained utility maximization problem. To solve this problem, we propose an adaptive distributed optimization approach consisting of the correlated upload decision and the online distributed scheduling algorithm. By the correlated upload decision, each mobile device can make adaptive decisions on how much data to upload and which data to upload according to its own observations independently. The online distributed scheduling algorithm enables mobile devices to optimally upload data. A series of simulation experiments are conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach. Finally, we test our approach on a real demo system to verify its practicability in reality.
Imaging of the Axon Initial Segment
Authors: Di Re Jessica , Kayasandik Cihan , Botello‐Lins Gonzalo , Labate Demetrio , Laezza Fernanda 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe axon initial segment (AIS) is the first 20‐ to 60‐μm segment of the axon proximal to the soma of a neuron. This highly specialized subcellular domain is the initiation site of the action potential and contains a high concentration of voltage‐gated ion channels held in place by a complex nexus of scaffolding and regulatory proteins that ensure proper electrical activity of the neuron. Studies have shown that dysfunction of many AIS channels and scaffolding proteins occurs in a variety of neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative diseases, raising the need to develop accurate methods for visualization and quantification of the AIS and its protein content in models of normal and disease conditions. In this article, we describe methods for immunolabeling AIS proteins in cultured neurons and brain slices as well as methods for quantifying protein expression and pattern distribution using fluorescent labeling of these proteins. © 2019 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Health care utilization and mortality associated with heart failure‐related admissions among cancer patients
Authors: Guha Avirup , Dey Amit Kumar , Armanious Merna , Dodd Katherine , Bonsu Janice , Jneid Hani , Abraham William , Fradley Michael G. , Addison Daniel 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAimsHeart failure (HF) outcomes continue to improve with widespread use of new therapies. Concurrently, cancer survival has dramatically improved. Yet whether cancer patients share similar strategies and outcomes of inpatient HF treatment to those without HF is unknown. We sought to assess the contemporary impacts of cancer on inpatient HF outcomes over time.Methods and resultsThe retrospective National Inpatient Sample (2003–15) and National Readmissions Database (2013–14) registries were queried for adults admitted for HF and stratified for cancer status, excluding cases of metastatic disease. Temporal trends in HF admissions, hospital charge rates, length of hospitalization, HF‐related procedure utilization, in‐hospital mortality, and hospital readmissions were analysed. Over 13 years of follow‐up, there were 12 769 077 HF admissions (mean age 73 years, 50.8% female, 30.8% non‐White), among which 1 413 287 (11%) had a co‐morbid cancer diagnosis. Cancer patients were older, were predominantly male, and tended to be smokers. Over time, HF admission rates among cancer patients increased, despite a concurrent decrease among patients without cancer (P < 0.0001). After propensity matching, in‐hospital mortality was significantly higher among cancer HF patients (5.1% vs. 2.9%, P < 0.0001). Additionally, HF‐related procedure utilization was disproportionately lower among cancer patients (0.30 vs. 0.35 procedures/HF hospitalization, P < 0.001); the presence of cancer was associated with increased costs, length of hospitalizations, and all‐cause readmissions, but fewer HF readmissions (P < 0.0001, each).ConclusionsWhile the incidence of HF hospitalizations has increased among cancer patients, they do not appear to share the same rates of advanced HF care, readmissions trends, or reductions in in‐hospital mortality. Future studies targeting modifiable factors related to these differences are needed.
Case of isolated cardiac sarcoidosis diagnosed by newly developed abnormal uptake during serial follow‐up fluorine‐18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography
Authors: Maeda Daichi , Kanzaki Yumiko , Fujita Shuichi , Inuyama Maaya , Takashima Shogo , Miyamura Masatoshi , Terasaki Fumio , Hoshiga Masaaki 
Published: July 2019

AbstractCardiac sarcoidosis (CS) causes lethal arrhythmia and heart failure and has a poor prognosis; therefore, early detection and early stage treatment are important. However, diagnosis of isolated CS may be difficult in some cases owing to the low sensitivity of myocardial biopsy. Herein, we describe the case of a patient with isolated CS, showing change from negative to positive fluorine‐18 fluorodeoxyglucose (18F‐FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) uptake results within 9 months. The patient showed rapid reduction in left ventricular systolic function with sustained ventricular tachycardia. The diagnosis of isolated CS is often under‐recognized in clinical practice because it commonly requires the diagnosis of extracardiac disease in the absence of a positive endomyocardial biopsy. The Japanese Circulation Society recently published guidelines for CS diagnosis stating that isolated CS can be clinically diagnosed with positive 18F‐FDG PET or 67Gallium result. In this case, serial follow‐up 18F‐FDG PET was useful for diagnosing isolated CS.
Epidemiology and etiology of infantile developmental and epileptic encephalopathies in Tasmania
Authors: Ware Tyson L. , Huskins Shannon R. , Grinton Bronwyn E. , Liu Yu‐Chi , Bennett Mark F. , Harvey Michael , McMahon Jacinta , Andreopoulos‐Malikotsinas Danae , Bahlo Melanie , Howell Katherine B. , Hildebrand Michael S. , Damiano John A. , Rosenfeld Alexander , Mackay Mark T. , Mandelstam Simone , Leventer Richard J. , Harvey A. Simon , Freeman Jeremy L. , Scheffer Ingrid E. , Jones Dean L. , Berkovic Samuel F. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractWe sought to determine incidence, etiologies, and yield of genetic testing in infantile onset developmental and epileptic encephalopathies (DEEs) in a population isolate, with an intensive multistage approach. Infants born in Tasmania between 2011 and 2016, with seizure onset <2 years of age, epileptiform EEG, frequent seizures, and developmental impairment, were included. Following review of EEG databases, medical records, brain MRIs, and other investigations, clinical genetic testing was undertaken with subsequent research interrogation of whole exome sequencing (WES) in unsolved cases. The incidence of infantile DEEs was 0.44/1000 per year (95% confidence interval 0.25 to 0.71), with 16 cases ascertained. The etiology was structural in 5/16 cases. A genetic basis was identified in 6 of the remaining 11 cases (3 gene panel, 3 WES). In two further cases, WES identified novel variants with strong in silico data; however, paternal DNA was not available to support pathogenicity. The etiology was not determined in 3/16 (19%) cases, with a candidate gene identified in one of these. Pursuing clinical imaging and genetic testing followed by WES at an intensive research level can give a high diagnostic yield in the infantile DEEs, providing a solid base for prognostic and genetic counseling.
Fractal characteristics of uranium‐bearing sandstone structure and their effects on acid leaching
Authors: Zeng Sheng , Zhang Ni , Zhang Shuwen , Sun Bing , Tan Kaixuan , Duan Xianzhe , Du Xueming 
Published: July 2019

AbstractPore structure characteristics have significant effects on the flow distribution, seepage characteristics, and reaction mechanism of the leachate as well as the uranium leaching efficiency in‐situ leaching (ISL) of uranium. In this study, a series of experiments including mercury injection and uranium leaching were conducted to study the characteristics of the pore structure and their effects on uranium leaching. The following conclusions can be drawn: The distribution of uranium‐bearing sandstone particle size shows the double fractal characteristic, and the particle size can be divided into coarse particles (r > 0.6 mm) and fine particles (r ≤ 0.6 mm). Furthermore, the pore volume and specific surface area of uranium sandstone both have dual fractal features corresponding to an intergranular‐dominant region and intragranular‐dominant region from mercury injection results. Fractures in the uranium‐bearing sandstone may be the main factors that lead to the abnormal fractal dimensions of pore structure. The uranium leaching efficiency of the sandstone increase with the leaching time and reach the maximum value (above 90%) at the 112th hour, and the whole leaching process can be divided into two phases taking the 60th hour as the demarcation point. Through correlation analysis, fractal dimension of the particle size, pore volume, and specific surface area was significantly correlated with the leaching efficiency of uranium at different dissolution phase. Corresponding measures such as adjusting solutions concentration and adding hydrofluoric acid can be taken to avoid the negative effect of pore structure. Those observations can provide a theoretical reference for the optimization of the leaching period and site design parameters of uranium‐bearing sandstone.
Electrocatalytic Activity of Galvanostatically Deposited Ni Thin Films for Methanol Electrooxidation
Authors: Salinas‐Quezada M. P. , Crespo‐Yapur D. A. , Cano‐Marquez A. , Videa M. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractNickel and nickel‐based nanomaterials are an attractive choice to replace noble metals as electrocatalysts in alkaline direct alcohol fuel cells (ADAFCs) owing to their lower cost and suitable electrocatalytic activity. Among the different synthetic methods available for the production of nanostructured materials, galvanostatic electrodeposition offers a fast and simple means of fabricating active electrodes. Therefore, thin‐layers of nickel were electrodeposited onto polycrystalline gold electrodes using constant current pulses from an electrolyte containing 50 mM NiSO4. Combined effects of current density pulse and the presence of sulfate or chloride anions in the supporting electrolyte on the electrocatalytic activity of the deposited nickel nanostructures were studied. The surface concentration of Ni(OH)2 in alkaline medium, evaluated through cyclic voltammetry in 0.5M methanol + 1M KOH, was used as a performance parameter together with the electrocatalytic intensity, EI, defined as the sum of forward and reverse currents densities in methanol electro‐oxidation. It was found that highest electrocatalytic activities were obtained when using current density pulses close to 4.0 × 10−3A cm−2 in the presence of sulfates, which leads to a strong correlation between the electrocatalytic activity for the oxidation of methanol and the surface concentration of Ni(OH)2, displaying better properties than their chloride counterparts.
Geochemistry and Nd isotopes of Lower Permian siliciclastic rocks from central Tibet, western China: Evidence for Early Permian initiation of the rifting between the Lhasa and Qiangtang blocks?
Authors: Yan Li‐Long , Zeng Lu , Wang Yang , Tang Xian‐Chun 
Published: July 2019

Fifteen Lower Permian siliciclastic rocks from central Tibet were analysed for the major and trace elements, and ten samples among them were chosen for determination of Nd isotopic compositions. They are characterized by low concentrations of SiO2 and low ratios of SiO2/Al2O3, moderate abundances of Fe2O3 + MgO (mudstones, 7.28–9.72 wt.%; sandstones, 4.62–10.02 wt.%) and TiO2 (mudstones, 0.55–0.95 wt.%; sandstones, 0.53–0.99 wt.%), significant enrichments of light rare‐earth elements (LREEs) relative to the heavy REEs (HREEs; average (La/Yb)N = 9.8 [mudstones] and 9.48 [sandstones]), flat HREE distribution, obvious negative Eu anomalies (average Eu/Eu* = 0.68), higher Th/Sc and La/Sc ratios, and negative initial εNd values (on average −7.2 and −8.5 for sandstones and mudstones, respectively). The mixing modal analysis based on some elemental pairs and Nd isotopic composition, respectively, Nd depleted mantle model age (TDM) and initial εNd values, uniformly indicates that about 30–40% mafic materials could have been added into these sedimentary rocks. These siliciclastic rocks could have formed in a setting of rifting between the Lhasa and Qiangtang blocks, when a 280 Ma mantle plume upwelling event was occurring in northern Gondwana.
Dihydroartemisinin attenuates alcoholic fatty liver through regulation of lipin‐1 signaling
Authors: Chen Xingran , Bian Mianli , Jin Huanhuan , Lian Naqi , Shao Jiangjuan , Zhang Feng , Zheng Shizhong 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAlcoholic liver disease (ALD) is generated from excessive alcohol consumption, characterized by hepatic steatosis. Mechanistically, excessive hepatic lipid accumulation was attributed to the aberrant lipin‐1 signaling during the development of alcoholic steatosis in rodent species and human. Dihydroartemisinin (DHA) has been recently identified to relieve hepatocytes necrosis and prevent from hepatic steatosis in alcohol‐induced liver diseases; however, the role of DHA in ALD has not been elucidated completely. Therefore, this study was aimed to further identify the potential mechanisms of pharmacological effects of DHA on ALD. Results demonstrated that DHA regulated the expression and nucleocytoplasmic shuttling of lipin‐1 in mice with chronic ethanol exposure. Results confirmed that the disruption of lipin‐1 signaling abolished the suppression of DHA on alcohol‐induced hepatic steatosis. Interestingly, DHA also significantly improved liver injury, and inflammation mediated by lipin‐1 signaling in chronic alcohol‐fed mice. in vivo experiments further consolidated the concept that DHA protected against hepatocyte lipoapoptosis dependent on the regulation of nucleocytoplasmic shuttling of lipin‐1 signaling, resulting in attenuated ratio of Lpin1 β/α. Obvious increases in cell apoptosis were observed in alcohol‐treated lipin1β‐overexpressed mice. Although DHA attenuated cell apoptosis, overexpression of lipin‐1β neutralized DHA action. DHA ameliorated activation of endoplasmic reticulum stress through inhibiting activation of JNK and CHOP, which was abrogated by overexpression of lipin‐1β. In summary, DHA significantly improved liver injury, steatosis and hepatocyte lipoapoptosis in chronic alcohol‐fed mice via regulation of lipin‐1 signaling.
Evaluation of the effect of cafeteria diet on the kidney Na,K‐ATPase activity, and oxidative stress
Authors: Pinheiro Isadora Reis Restier , Melo Marina Fátima Nunes , de Sousa Sarah Vivas , Cardoso Bárbara Gatti , da Silva Thaís Marques , Rangel Luciana Pereira , Cortes Vanessa Faria , de Lima Santos Hérica , Chaves Valéria Ernestânia , Garcia Israel José Pereira , Barbosa Leandro Augusto 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIn this study, renal tissue, subdivided into the cortex and medulla of Wistar rats subjected to a cafeteria diet (CAF) for 24 days or to normal diet, was used to analyze whether the renal enzyme Na,K‐ATPase activity was modified by CAF diet, as well as to analyze the α1 subunit of renal Na,K‐ATPase expression levels. The lipid profile of the renal plasma membrane and oxidative stress were verified. In the Na,K‐ATPase activity evaluation, no alteration was found, but a significant decrease of 30% in the cortex was detected in the α1 subunit expression of the enzyme. There was a 24% decrease in phospholipids in the cortex of rats submitted to CAF, a 17% increase in cholesterol levels in the cortex, and a 23% decrease in the medulla. Lipid peroxidation was significantly increased in the groups submitted to CAF, both in the cortical region, 29%, and in the medulla, 35%. Also, a reduction of 45% in the glutathione levels was observed in the cortex and medulla with CAF. CAF showed a nearly two‐fold increase in glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activity in relation to the control group in the cortex and a 59% increase in the GPx activity in the medulla. In conclusion, although the diet was administered for a short period of time, important results were found, especially those related to the lipid profile and oxidative stress, which may directly affect renal function.
Convergence between Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) and self‐report: Another look at some old questions
Authors: McCredie Morgan N. , Morey Leslie C. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractObjectiveThis study extends upon the investigation of the influence of response format on the convergence between performance‐based and self‐report assessments of similar mental health constructs, to further examine the role of method variance in poor heteromethod convergence.MethodsAn online sample of 455 participants (57% male; mean age = 35.5 years) completed a multiple‐choice adaptation of the Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)—the Iowa Picture Interpretation Test (IPIT)—and two self‐report instruments: the Personality Assessment Inventory (PAI) and the International Personality Item Pool (IPIP) representation of the domain traits of the five‐factor model.ResultsSeveral significant and meaningful interrelationships emerged between the IPIT and the PAI and IPIP five‐factor scales.ConclusionsFindings suggest that TAT methodology can correlate meaningfully with similar constructs assessed using self‐report when comparable response formats are utilized, offering further support for the role of method variance in precluding heteromethod relationships.
Millimeter wave balun design and optimization based on compensation matching capacitors and active S parameter
Authors: Zhang Xiaoning , Wu Tianjun , Hu Yiyao , Wu Yunqiu , Zhao Chenxi , Liu Huihua , Yu Yiming , Kang Kai 
Published: July 2019

AbstractA balun design algorithm based on the compensation matching capacitors and the active S parameter is given in this paper. Compared with the inductor matching network, the compensation matching capacitors not only compensate the phase and the amplitude error of the balun, but also occupy a compact chip area. Considering the coupling between two differential terminals of the balun, the active S parameter is adopted. On the basis of the active S parameter, the reflection coefficients of two differential terminals are calculated directly. On the basis of this algorithm, the simulated phase error and the amplitude error of the balun are less than 0.97° and 0.13 dB, from 15 to 18 GHz. Moreover, a 5‐bit differential switch‐type phase shifter with two baluns is designed in the 180‐nm complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) process at Ku band. Thanks to the small phase error of two baluns, the tested RMS phase error is less than 4°, from 15 to 18 GHz.