bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Compression strength prediction of Xylosma racemosum using a transfer learning system based on near-infrared spectral data
Authors: Shi Guangyu , Cao Jun , Li Chao , Liang Yuliang 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
A transfer learning system was designed to predict Xylosma racemosum compression strength. Near-infrared (NIR) spectral data for Acer mono and its compression strength values were used to resolve the weak generalization problem caused by using a X. racemosum dataset alone. Transfer component analysis and principal component analysis are domain adaption and feature extraction processes to enable the use of A. mono NIR spectral data to design the transfer learning system. A five-layer neural network relevant to the X. racemosum dataset, was fine-tuned using the A. mono dataset. There were 109 A. mono samples used as the source dataset and 79 X. racemosum samples as the target dataset. When the ratio of the training set to the test set was 1:9, the correlation coefficient was 0.88, and mean square error was 8.84. The results show that NIR spectral data of hardwood species are related. Predicting the mechanical strength of hardwood species using multi-species NIR spectral datasets will improve the generalization ability of the model and increase accuracy.
Clinicopathological correlations of mesenteric fibrosis and evaluation of a novel biomarker for fibrosis detection in small bowel neuroendocrine neoplasms
Authors: Laskaratos Faidon-Marios , Mandair Dalvinder , Hall Andrew , Alexander Sarah , von Stempel Conrad , Bretherton Josephine , Luong TuVinh , Watkins Jennifer , Ogunbiyi Olagunju , Rombouts Krista , Caplin Martyn , Toumpanakis Christos 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Purpose
Mesenteric fibrosis (MF) in small intestinal neuroendocrine neoplasms (SINENs) is often associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The detection of MF is usually based on radiological criteria, but no previous studies have attempted a prospective, multidimensional assessment of mesenteric desmoplasia to determine the accuracy of radiological measurements. There is also a lack of non-invasive biomarkers for the detection of image-negative MF.

Methods
A multidimensional assessment of MF incorporating radiological, surgical and histological parameters was performed in a prospective cohort of 34 patients with SINENs who underwent primary resection. Pre-operative blood samples were collected in 20 cases to evaluate a set of five profibrotic circulating transcripts—the “fibrosome”—that is included as an “omic” component of the NETest.

Results
There was a significant correlation between radiological and surgical assessments of MF (p < 0.05). However, there were several cases of image-negative MF. The NETest-fibrosome demonstrated an accuracy of 100% for the detection of microscopic MF.

Conclusions
The detection of MF by radiological criteria has limitations. The NETest-fibrosome is a promising biomarker for fibrosis detection and further validation of these results would be needed in larger, multicentre studies.
Scarcity or luxury: Which leads to adolescent greed? Evidence from a large‐scale Chinese adolescent sample
Authors: Liu Zhenzhen , Sun Xiaomin , Tsydypov Lubsan 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTIntroductionBecause greed is associated with various destructive outcomes, understanding the developmental precursors to dispositional greed in adolescence is of great importance. However, there are few empirical studies on this topic. The current study aimed to examine the relationship between childhood socioeconomic status (CSES) and adolescent greed and the moderating effect of family size. Two competing hypotheses were proposed. One is the scarcity hypothesis, which claims that CSES may be negatively related to adolescent greed. Another is the luxury hypothesis, which proposes that the richer the environment one grew up in, the more likely one is to develop dispositional greed.MethodA cross‐sectional sample of 3,200 adolescents (11–19 years old, 1,712 females, 1,356 males, and 132 of unknown gender) from North, Northwest, Middle and South China completed the questionnaire sets. A hierarchical multiple regression analysis was conducted.ResultsCSES was positively correlated with dispositional greed, and the moderating effect of family size was significant.ConclusionThe current study provides evidence supporting the luxury hypothesis over the scarcity hypothesis. In addition, adolescent dispositional greed increases with an increase in CSES when there is only one child in the family, while this is not the case for children with siblings. The theoretical and practical implications of the current study results as well as future research directions are discussed.
Estimating the farm-level economic costs of spring cropping to manage Alopecurus myosuroides (black-grass) in UK agriculture
Authors: Ahodo K. , Oglethorpe D. , Hicks H. L. , Freckleton R. P. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractCrop rotation is a non-chemical strategy adopted by farmers to manage weeds. However, not all crops in a rotation are equally profitable. Thus, there is potentially a trade-off between the costs and benefits of this strategy. The objective of the current study is to quantify this trade-off for the rotational control of an important weed (Alopecurus myosuroides). Data from 745 farms were used to parameterize a farm-level mixed-integer goal-programming model of the economics of spring cropping for weed control in UK agriculture. On average, the short-term loss of profit from spring cropping is greater than the benefits in terms of reduced herbicide usage and yield increases. These costs are greater when weed densities are low, so that spring cropping is an expensive strategy in the early stages of an infestation. However, there is a great deal of farm-to-farm variation: factors such as soil type and farm size are important and the current study highlights that economic modelling at the farm level is important in enabling farmers to make informed decisions. In general, however, if spring cropping is to be a successful strategy then the benefits to farmers will be in terms of long-term reductions in weed densities, but this will be at the expense of short-term profitability.
Expectoration of bronchial casts in association with Ramipril treatment
Authors: Plümacher Kim Sarah , Paul Thomas , Sigler Matthias 
Published: October 2019

AbstractWe report of a 26-year-old female patient who was referred to our centre with congestive heart failure (CHF). Acute myocarditis with a high Parvovirus B19 virus load was diagnosed by myocardial biopsy. CHF improved after start of ramipril 5 mg/d, metoprolol, diuretics, immunoglobins, and a 24-hour infusion of levosimendan. Soon after initiation of medical therapy, the patient started to expectorate bronchial casts with varying frequencies (three times per week to five times daily). Thorough pneumological workup, including histology of the casts, microbiology, and a CT scan of the lungs, did not reveal any cause for bronchial cast formation. Inhalative corticoids were started without any benefit. Two years later, cardiac catheterisation demonstrated normalised left ventricular function. LV end-diastolic pressure, however, was still elevated at 14 mmHg. Endomyocardial biopsies at this time were negative for virus genome. Finally, we changed afterload reduction therapy from ramipril to candesartan. Within 24 hours, expectoration of bronchial casts terminated. Four weeks later, re-exposition to ramipril prompted immediate re-appearance of cast formation, which again stopped with switching back to candesartan. Finally, we were to prove that treatment with ramipril resulted in bronchial cast formation in this patient.
Transient ST Segment Elevation Caused by Intracoronary Thrombus after Acute Carbon Monoxide Poisoning
Authors: Akşit Ercan , Turgay Yildirim Özge , Aydin Fatih , Bardakci Okan , Aydin Ayşe Hüseyınoğlu 
Published: October 2019

AbstractCarbon monoxide (CO) poisoning is the most common cause of death and injury among all poisonings. Myocardial injury is detected in one-third of CO poisonings. In this Case Report, a previously healthy 41-year-old man was referred for CO poisoning. The initial electrocardiogram (ECG) showed 1mm ST segment elevation in leads DII, DIII, and aVF. As the patient did not describe chest pain and had no cardiac symptoms, ECG was repeated 10 minutes later and it was seen that ST segment elevation disappeared. As the patient had a transient ST segment elevation and elevated high-sensitive Tn-T (HsTn-T), the patient was transferred to the coronary angiography laboratory. The patient’s left coronary system was normal, but a thrombus image narrowing the lumen by approximately 60% was observed in the right coronary artery. Intravenous tirofiban was administered for 48 hours. Control coronary angiography showed continuing thrombus formation and a bare metal stent was successfully implanted. This is the first reported case with transient ST segment elevation associated with acute coronary thrombus caused by CO poisoning. It may be recommended that patients with CO poisoning should be followed-up with a 12-lead ECG monitor or 24-hour ECG Holter monitoring, even if they show no cardiac symptoms and echocardiography shows no wall motion abnormality. Early coronary angiography upon detection of such dynamic ECG changes in these recordings as ST segment elevation can reduce the risk of myocardial infarction (MI) and mortality in these patients.
ALS inhibitor–resistant smallflower umbrella sedge (Cyperus difformis) seed germination requires fewer growing degree days and lower soil moisture
Authors: Pedroso Rafael M. , van Kessel Chris , Dourado Neto Durval , Linquist Bruce A. , Boddy Louis G. , Al-Khatib Kassim , Fischer Albert J. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The repetitive use of ALS inhibitors for smallflower umbrella sedge (Cyperus difformis L.) control has selected for herbicide-resistant (R) populations that threaten the sustainability of rice (Oryza sativa L.) production and demand alternative control measures be developed. A better understanding of seedling recruitment patterns at the field level is required to optimize the timing and efficacy of control measures. Therefore, a population-based threshold model was developed for optimizing germination prediction in multiple acetolactate synthase (ALS)-R and ALS-susceptible (ALS-S) C. difformis biotypes and applied to field-level emergence predictions. Estimated base temperatures (Tb) ranged from 16.5 to 17.6 C with no clear pattern between biotypes; such values are higher than Tb values of other important rice weeds, as well as for rice. Germination rates increased linearly from 16 to 33.7 C. ALS-R seeds germinate faster due to smaller median thermal times to germination (θT(50)) while also displaying lower germination synchronicity across water potentials. Interestingly, ALS-R biotypes were capable of germinating under lower moisture availability, as indicated by their lower (more negative) base water potential values (Ψb(50)) for seed germination; Ψb(50) values ranged from −0.24 to −1.13 MPa. In-field soil germination measurements found thermal times to emergence varied across three water regimes (daily water, flooded, or saturated). Seedling emergence under the daily water treatment was fastest; however, total seedling density was lower than for the other water regimes. In order to optimize springtime C. difformis seedling emergence, soil moisture should be kept around field capacity, as germination is hindered at lower moisture contents. By predicting when most of the seed population germinates, the thermal-time model can address issues regarding the optimal timing for herbicide applications, thereby allowing for improved C. difformis management in rice fields.
Analysis of Thunderstorms Producing Terrestrial Gamma Ray Flashes With the Meteosat Second Generation
Authors: Ursi A. , Marisaldi M. , Dietrich S. , Tavani M. , Tiberia A. , Porcù F. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractUp to now, only few works focused on the meteorological context leading to the production of Terrestrial Gamma ray Flashes (TGFs). In this study, we carry out, for the first time, an analysis on large scale of the meteorological scenario linked to 278 TGFs detected by RHESSI, AGILE, and Fermi, by using the Meteosat Second Generation geostationary satellites. These satellites are useful as they continuously monitor the same geographic region in time, allowing investigations on thunderstorms' development; moreover, they are endowed with channels and products that provide information about the meteorological context under analysis, such as the cloud top temperature and altitude, the cloud extension, the drop effective radius and the cloud phase. Our work confirms what previously found in other studies about the TGF‐associated thunderstorms, by using a different approach and by using for the first time the Meteosat satellites: we find TGFs mostly linked to the development phase of deep convective thunderstorm systems, exhibiting typical characteristics of tropical storms, and providing a first picture on large scale of the TGF‐associated thunderstorm systems.
Reconciling Differences Between Large‐Eddy Simulations and Doppler Lidar Observations of Continental Shallow Cumulus Cloud‐Base Vertical Velocity
Authors: Endo Satoshi , Zhang Damao , Vogelmann Andrew M. , Kollias Pavlos , Lamer Katia , Oue Mariko , Xiao Heng , Gustafson William I. , Romps David M. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractWe investigate a significant model‐observation difference found between cloud‐base vertical velocity for continental shallow cumulus simulated using large‐eddy simulations (LES) and observed by Doppler lidar measurements over the U.S. Southern Great Plains Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Facility. The LES cloud‐base vertical velocity is dominated by updrafts that are consistent with a general picture for convective clouds but is inconsistent with Doppler lidar observations that also show the presence of considerable downdrafts. The underestimation of simulated downdrafts is found to be a robust feature, being insensitive to various numerical, physical, or dynamical choices. We find that simulations can more closely reproduce observations only after improving the model physics to use size‐resolved microphysics and horizontal longwave radiation, both of which modify the cloud buoyancy and velocity structure near cloud side edges. The results suggest that treatments that capture these structures are needed for the proper simulation and subsequent parameterization development of shallow cumulus vertical transport.
Pparg promotes differentiation and regulates mitochondrial gene expression in bladder epithelial cells
Authors: Liu Chang , Tate Tiffany , Batourina Ekatherina , Truschel Steven T. , Potter Steven , Adam Mike , Xiang Tina , Picard Martin , Reiley Maia , Schneider Kerry , Tamargo Manuel , Lu Chao , Chen Xiao , He Jing , Kim Hyunwoo , Mendelsohn Cathy Lee 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe urothelium is an epithelial barrier lining the bladder that protects against infection, fluid exchange and damage from toxins. The nuclear receptor Pparg promotes urothelial differentiation in vitro, and Pparg mutations are associated with bladder cancer. However, the function of Pparg in the healthy urothelium is unknown. Here we show that Pparg is critical in urothelial cells for mitochondrial biogenesis, cellular differentiation and regulation of inflammation in response to urinary tract infection (UTI). Superficial cells, which are critical for maintaining the urothelial barrier, fail to mature in Pparg mutants and basal cells undergo squamous-like differentiation. Pparg mutants display persistent inflammation after UTI, and Nf-KB, which is transiently activated in response to infection in the wild type urothelium, persists for months. Our observations suggest that in addition to its known roles in adipogegnesis and macrophage differentiation, that Pparg-dependent transcription plays a role in the urothelium controlling mitochondrial function development and regeneration.
Anatomy and function of the vertebral column lymphatic network in mice
Authors: Jacob Laurent , Boisserand Ligia Simoes Braga , Geraldo Luiz Henrique Medeiros , de Brito Neto Jose , Mathivet Thomas , Antila Salli , Barka Besma , Xu Yunling , Thomas Jean-Mickael , Pestel Juliette , Aigrot Marie-Stéphane , Song Eric , Nurmi Harri , Lee Seyoung , Alitalo Kari , Renier Nicolas , Eichmann Anne , Thomas Jean-Leon 
Published: October 2019

AbstractCranial lymphatic vessels (LVs) are involved in the transport of fluids, macromolecules and central nervous system (CNS) immune responses. Little information about spinal LVs is available, because these delicate structures are embedded within vertebral tissues and difficult to visualize using traditional histology. Here we show an extended vertebral column LV network using three-dimensional imaging of decalcified iDISCO+-clarified spine segments. Vertebral LVs connect to peripheral sensory and sympathetic ganglia and form metameric vertebral circuits connecting to lymph nodes and the thoracic duct. They drain the epidural space and the dura mater around the spinal cord and associate with leukocytes. Vertebral LVs remodel extensively after spinal cord injury and VEGF-C-induced vertebral lymphangiogenesis exacerbates the inflammatory responses, T cell infiltration and demyelination following focal spinal cord lesion. Therefore, vertebral LVs add to skull meningeal LVs as gatekeepers of CNS immunity and may be potential targets to improve the maintenance and repair of spinal tissues.
Vocal state change through laryngeal development
Authors: Zhang Yisi S. , Takahashi Daniel Y. , Liao Diana A. , Ghazanfar Asif A. , Elemans Coen P. H. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAcross vertebrates, progressive changes in vocal behavior during postnatal development are typically attributed solely to developing neural circuits. How the changing body influences vocal development remains unknown. Here we show that state changes in the contact vocalizations of infant marmoset monkeys, which transition from noisy, low frequency cries to tonal, higher pitched vocalizations in adults, are caused partially by laryngeal development. Combining analyses of natural vocalizations, motorized excised larynx experiments, tensile material tests and high-speed imaging, we show that vocal state transition occurs via a sound source switch from vocal folds to apical vocal membranes, producing louder vocalizations with higher efficiency. We show with an empirically based model of descending motor control how neural circuits could interact with changing laryngeal dynamics, leading to adaptive vocal development. Our results emphasize the importance of embodied approaches to vocal development, where exploiting biomechanical consequences of changing material properties can simplify motor control, reducing the computational load on the developing brain.
A dataset of continuous affect annotations and physiological signals for emotion analysis
Authors: Sharma Karan , Castellini Claudio , van den Broek Egon L. , Albu-Schaeffer Alin , Schwenker Friedhelm 
Published: October 2019

AbstractFrom a computational viewpoint, emotions continue to be intriguingly hard to understand. In research, a direct and real-time inspection in realistic settings is not possible. Discrete, indirect, post-hoc recordings are therefore the norm. As a result, proper emotion assessment remains a problematic issue. The Continuously Annotated Signals of Emotion (CASE) dataset provides a solution as it focusses on real-time continuous annotation of emotions, as experienced by the participants, while watching various videos. For this purpose, a novel, intuitive joystick-based annotation interface was developed, that allowed for simultaneous reporting of valence and arousal, that are instead often annotated independently. In parallel, eight high quality, synchronized physiological recordings (1000 Hz, 16-bit ADC) were obtained from ECG, BVP, EMG (3x), GSR (or EDA), respiration and skin temperature sensors. The dataset consists of the physiological and annotation data from 30 participants, 15 male and 15 female, who watched several validated video-stimuli. The validity of the emotion induction, as exemplified by the annotation and physiological data, is also presented.
Transcriptomic profiling of cotton Gossypium hirsutum challenged with low-temperature gradients stress
Authors: Li Zhi-Bo , Zeng Xiao-Yan , Xu Jian-Wei , Zhao Rui-Hai , Wei Yi-Nong 
Published: October 2019

AbstractGossypium hirsutum, a cotton species widely cultivated around the world, is a typical cold-sensitive crop. Low-temperature (LT) stress is one of the main environmental stressors that can affect growth and the quality of cotton fibers. LT is also a major challenge for cotton survival, growth maturity and geographical distribution. However, few genome-wide transcriptional response and profiling datasets are available to explore the LT-tolerant mechanism of cotton. This study treated G. hirsutum with four LT gradients (control at 25 °C and cold temperatures at 4 °C, 10 °C and 15 °C) for 24 hour to generate 12 RNA-Seq datasets (three biological replicates per treatment) with approximately 280 million clean reads per dataset. The quality of the datasets obtained in the current study was validated through a series of quality checks including verification of RNA sample quality and RNA-Seq read quality. Data analyses included novel gene discovery, global gene expression profiling and quantitative real-time PCR. This is the first study to report genome-wide transcriptomic datasets for cotton in response to LT exposure.
Neurophysiological markers predicting recovery of standing in humans with chronic motor complete spinal cord injury
Authors: Mesbah Samineh , Gonnelli Federica , Angeli Claudia A. , El-baz Ayman , Harkema Susan J. , Rejc Enrico 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe appropriate selection of individual-specific spinal cord epidural stimulation (scES) parameters is crucial to re-enable independent standing with self-assistance for balance in individuals with chronic, motor complete spinal cord injury, which is a key achievement toward the recovery of functional mobility. To date, there are no available algorithms that contribute to the selection of scES parameters for facilitating standing in this population. Here, we introduce a novel framework for EMG data processing that implements spectral analysis by continuous wavelet transform and machine learning methods for characterizing epidural stimulation-promoted EMG activity resulting in independent standing. Analysis of standing data collected from eleven motor complete research participants revealed that independent standing was promoted by EMG activity characterized by lower median frequency, lower variability of median frequency, lower variability of activation pattern, lower variability of instantaneous maximum power, and higher total power. Additionally, the high classification accuracy of assisted and independent standing allowed the development of a prediction algorithm that can provide feedback on the effectiveness of muscle-specific activation for standing promoted by the tested scES parameters. This framework can support researchers and clinicians during the process of selection of epidural stimulation parameters for standing motor rehabilitation.