bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Addressing the Near-Wellbore Injectivity Limitations while Fracturing Highly Pressurized Formations
Authors: Yudin A. , Dawoud M. , Arshad W. , Nurlybayev N. , Al-Jalal Z. , Lizcano J. , McCollum C. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Fracturing in tight and deep gas formations can be challenging when near-wellbore stresses reduce injectivity. The drilling fluid may contribute to a near-wellbore damage, and this will exaggerate the rock breakdown limits additional to the high local stresses. Study was dedicated to understanding the main contributing factors and suggest the comprehensive workflow to minimize occurrence and non-productive time (NPT) associated with abovementioned challenges.
Statistical analyses over several years and hundreds fracturing stages were taken as a basis for the study. Wells were divided into several groups including orientation, completion and formation type criteria. Injectivity test was consistently performed prior to the main fracturing operation and was used as a main tool to forecast the severity of the near-wellbore issues. Based on the pressure response during and immediately after the test it was possible to build a decision tree for the next step in fracturing operations. Engineering workflow was further calibrated in the real-field case studies.
Results of the study revealed that the most challenging completion scenario in respect to near-wellbore injectivity challenges was a horizontal cemented liner with plug and perf technique. In carbonate formations, up to 30% of the stages experienced injectivity limitation of various severity in several group of wells. Acid squeeze was identified as most reliable an operationally affordable method for carbonate formations. Another effective solution, applicable to clastic rocks too can be a degradable particulate for the abrasive perforation that improves injectivity and leaves a clean wellbore without need for cleanout. Interestingly, largest likelihood of the near wellbore block occurred in the very first stages (toe sections) of the horizontal wellbores and reached up to 50% rate in some categories. Coiled tubing -conveyed perforation and cemented multistage fracturing completions were implemented to servce as a solution to minimize inefficiencies and NPT as well as risks associated with conventional operations utilizing tractors in horizontal wellbores. Implementation of decision tree derived as a result of the study allowed reducing NPT of operator and service company. Considering large number of equipment and personnel involved in such integrated completion and fracturing projects it represents significant value for both quality and HSE aspect and increase efficiency of the operations which is of primary importance when developing tight reservoirs.
Study provides large statistical summary and up-to-date practices of deep and tight rocks fracturing and solution from several regions.
Analytical Technology for Assessing the Amount of Organic Matter and Extractable Bitumen in Unconventional Reservoir Rocks Using NMR Relaxometry
Authors: Sakharov B. , Khasanova N. , Fazlyyyakhmatov M. , Varfolomeev M. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The paper presents a quantitative NMR relaxometry technology for unconventional reservoir rock samples, assessing total organic matter and extractable bitumen/high-viscosity oil. The study uses core samples with a diameter of 8.5 mm and a height of 13.5 mm, but the technology can be scaled to standard 30 by 30 mm cores. This paper introduces a novel low-frequency (20 MHz) pulsed NMR relaxometry technique for real-time, quantitative analysis of rock samples, enabling precise monitoring of total organic content and amount of extractable bitumen in unconventional reservoir rocks. For the first time, the possibility of observing the transition of a part of the solid signal into the liquid phase using deuterated chloroform directly in a test tube with a core sample is presented and experimentally demonstrated.
Brassica rapa L. crude polysaccharide ameliorates hypobaric and hypoxia induced oxidative stress and intestinal damage by modulating gut microbiome
Authors: Liu Wei , Liu Zhenjiang , Fan Xueni , Li Diantong , Zhao Tingting , Niu Yuanlin , Baima Yangjin , Wen Dongxu , Li Bin , Huang Xiaodan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

The high-altitude, low-pressure, and hypoxia environment poses a significant threat to human health, particularly causing intestinal damage and disrupting gut microbiota. This study investigates the protective effects of Brassica rapa L. crude polysaccharides (BRP) on intestinal damage in mice exposed to hypobaric hypoxic conditions. Results showed that oxidative stress and inflammation levels were elevated in the hypoxia group, while BRP intervention significantly increased antioxidant enzyme activities (SOD, GSH-Px, T-AOC) and reduced inflammatory markers (IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α). BRP also restored intestinal barrier function by enhancing claudin-1, occludin, and ZO-1 expression. Notably Chromatographic and metagenomic analyses revealed that BRP enriched butyrate levels, promoted beneficial bacteria like Akkermansia muciniphila and Leuconostoc lactis, and upregulated L-arginine biosynthesis II and L-methionine biosynthesis III pathways to enhance antioxidant activity. Fecal microbiota transfer experiments confirmed the role of gut microbiota in mediating BRP's protective effects, providing valuable insights into prebiotic-based therapeutic strategies for hypobaric hypoxia-induced intestinal damage.
RETRACTED: Huangqi Guizhi Wu Wu Tang prevents oxaliplatin-induced neuropathic pain by inhibiting ferroptosis through regulation of the p38/c-FOS/NF-kB pathway: A study based on network pharmacology
Authors: Li mingzhu , Jin Shengbo , Yao Huini , Zhai Zhenzhu , Jiang Yuxin , Zhu Xudong , Yu Jun , Zhang Mingxue , Ma Siyao , Shi Ji , 朴 浩哲 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Italian ryegrass and wild radish control with pre-emergent herbicides, and selectivity to imadazolinone-resistant wheat
Authors: Neto Roberto Avila , Ulguim André , Leichtweiss Eduard , Bortolin Eduardo , Correa Arícia , Brandão Victor , Heinzmann Natália , Pedroso Rafael 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

PRE herbicides are an efficient way to manage weeds in wheat and could control Italian ryegrass and wild radish. We assess control of these weeds by PRE herbicides applied after crop sowing, as well as determining their phytotoxicity to imidazolinone resistant Clearfield® (CL) wheat. All trials involved testing of different PRE herbicides applied right after wheat sowing. Field trials were conducted in 2021 in two sites (Santo Angelo and Santa Maria), both sow with cv. TBIO Ello CL. Soils were classified as oxisol (53% clay) and ultisol (31% clay), respectively. In all trials, variables evaluated included visual assessments of injuries, number of plants, and weed control levels. Crop yield components were also determined in field experiments, whereas variables related to weed densities were assessed in trials. Clomazone, sulfentrazone, and quinclorac herbicides were not selective to wheat. Imidazolinones herbicides were shown to be selective, and a premix formulation containing imazapyr + imazapic allowed for broad-spectrum weed control, treatments containing PPO-inhibiting herbicides were the most effective for wild radish.
Assessment of weathering and subterranean termite resistance in three thermally modified wood species in Portugal
Authors: Godinho Delfina , Lourenço Ana , Araújo Solange Oliveira , Machado José Saporiti , Nunes Lina , Duarte Marta , Duarte Sónia , Ferreira Cristina , Quilhó Teresa , Diamantino Teresa C. , Gominho Jorge 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

The main objective of this study was to evaluate the mechanical properties of three thermal-modified wood species when exposed to weathering in urban and maritime/industrial environments and their durability against subterranean termites. The wood species studied were Maritime Pine, Ash, and Blackwood acacia. All wood samples were exposed to two different environments (urban and maritime/industrial) for 24 months. Then, its physical and mechanical properties were evaluated (modulus of elasticity (MOE), modulus of rupture (MOR), compression strength (CS), and modulus of compression (MOC)). Thermally modified woods revealed a lower density, which could explain the loss of MOE and MOR. In compression, no significant changes were verified. The weathered samples revealed changes in mechanical properties, mostly verified in MOE and MOR, where some decreases were reported in both locations. Tests were performed to evaluate biodegradation and the resistance of all wood samples to subterranean termites. The grade of attack (≈ 4) and termite survival rate were similar in all wood species (above 75% and lower than 80%), except for Modified Acacia (59%), which could indicate that thermal modification increased toxic substances. The cellulose degradation was reflected in FTIR-ATR and Py/GC-MS in natural and thermally modified woods. Py/GC-MS showed a decrease in levoglucosan, while lignin suffered some modifications with slight changes in monomeric composition reflected by the reduction of the S/G ratio. No changes were found between the two environments, and thermal modification did not give extra protection against termites and weathering.
Sulfated cellulose pulp with ultra-high water retention characteristics
Authors: Morimitsu Sakura , Nishimura Ayato , Deguchi Kenzo , Mogami Yuuki , Ohki Shinobu , Hashi Kenjiro , Goto Atsushi , Yamada Kazuhiko 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

A sulfated cellulose pulp (SCP) exhibiting ultra-high water retention properties, has been developed and its water retention mechanisms have been analyzed based on its molecular structure determined by solid-state 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Cellulose pulp (CP) wood-derived was sulfated using sulfamic acid and urea reaction system with varying concentrations of sulfamic acid. SCP has 1.31–1.91 mmol/g of sulfate groups and exhibits a high water retention value (WRV) of 16000%, which is approximately 100 times greater than that of CP. After the sulfate reaction, a new peak at 69 ppm was observed in the solid-state 13C NMR spectrum, which was assigned to the sulfated C6. Quantitative analysis indicated that approximately 18% of C6 in CP was converted to sulfated C6. WRV increased almost linearly with the amount of sulfated C6, which played an important role in the water retention capacity. SCP was proven very promising as a novel functional material, owing to the molecular mechanisms involved.
An Experimental and Numerical Evaluation of the Structural performance of Bamboo-Reinforced Concrete Beams
Authors: Usidamen Daniel , Ogirigbo Okiemute Roland , Nwankwo Ebuka 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

The global shift toward sustainable construction calls for eco-friendly alternatives to traditional materials. While steel reinforcement in concrete offers high strength and durability, it has significant environmental and economic drawbacks. Bamboo, a fast-growing and renewable material, is a low-cost, eco-friendly option, but concerns about its structural performance have hindered its widespread use. This study examines the structural performance of concrete beams reinforced with steel (SRC), bamboo (BRC), and hybrid steel-bamboo combinations (HYB-1 and HYB-2). It assesses ultimate failure load, load-deflection curves, failure modes, and crack patterns to explore their viability as sustainable alternatives. Beams measuring 150×150×750 mm were tested experimentally and simulated using ABAQUS software under three-point bending. SRC beams had the highest ultimate failure load (104.67 kN) and deflection (8.6 mm). BRC beams had the lowest failure load (17.97 kN), a decrease of 82.9%. HYB-1 and HYB-2 showed intermediate loads of 87.25 kN and 24.99 kN, respectively. Deflection in BRC beams was the least (3.0 mm), while HYB-1 and HYB-2 showed deflections of 7.4 mm and 5.6 mm. Finite element analysis (FEA) closely matched experimental results, with an average difference of 7.44%, validating the accuracy of the modeling.
Prediction of Treatment Efficacy in Psoriasis Vulgaris Using Dermoscopic and Capillaroscopic Findings: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Akkus Muhammet Resat , Ozyurt Kemal , Atasoy Mustafa , Ertas Ragip , Kulu Huzeyfe , Ayata Sinem Sogancioglu , Demirbas Abdullah , Elmas Omer Faruk , Diremsizoglu Esin 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Introduction: Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder affecting millions worldwide. Dermoscopy and proximal nailfold capillaroscopy have emerged as valuable tools for understanding the pathophysiology and treatment response of psoriasis lesions. Objectives: This study aimed to contribute to the limited literature on using dermoscopic findings to detect treatment effectiveness in patients with psoriasis vulgaris. Methods: This prospective, single-blinded, observational cohort study included 101 patients aged 18–71 years diagnosed with psoriasis vulgaris who initiated or altered systemic treatment. Monthly dermoscopic and capillaroscopic evaluations were performed alongside assessments of Psoriasis Area Severity Index (PASI), Body Surface Area (BSA), and Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) scores. Results: A significant relationship was found between first-month dermoscopic findings and third-month severity scores (PASI, BSA, DLQI). Patients with positive treatment responses exhibited changes from baseline regular capillary dilations to hemorrhagic spots or the absence of vascular findings during the first month. The correlations between dermoscopic changes and severity scores evolved over time, becoming stronger in the second and third months. Nailfold capillaroscopy findings at the third month of treatment showed significant differences from baseline. Conclusions: Dermoscopy is a fast, practical, and inexpensive tool for early prediction of treatment effectiveness in psoriasis vulgaris. The disappearance of regular capillary dilations or their change to hemorrhagic spots suggests treatment efficacy, while their persistence indicates poor treatment response. Early detection of treatment effectiveness using dermoscopic findings can facilitate timely adjustments, improving patient outcomes and reducing unnecessary treatment exposure.
Many species and little knowledge: life-history traits and fishery landing patterns in the Southwest Atlantic Ocean
Authors: Mendonça Pablo , Nascimento Caio De Marco Oliveira Do , Fischer Luciano Gomes , Costa Marcus Rodrigues Da 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

The continental shelf of the Southwest Atlantic Ocean supports large commercial fisheries, being one of Brazil's most economically and socially important regions. The identification of adverse fishery effects requires accurate knowledge of the life history of these fisheries resources for quantitative assessment and biological reference point definition (BRP). In this study, we summarize data of eight life-history traits for 73 species of commercial importance for bottom trawl (Tw) and gillnet fleets (Gn) in the Southwestern Atlantic. Thirty-two species were highlighted in the Brazilian Red List of endangered species. All species were classified according to dominance and frequency by landing profile and functional groups, encompassing species from different trophic guilds that occupy distinct adult habitats. Of the 73 species, 11% were classified as main landing, 14% as seasonal landing, 34% as frequent landing, 33% as incidental catch, and the remaining corresponded to landings of Tw or Gn exclusively. Cynoscion jamaicensis was classified as the main landing for both fisheries, being dominant and frequent over the months. Strong correlations are presented in a wide variety of life-history traits. Principal Component Analysis identified three main groups accounting for 93.5% of the total variance, and M, k, and Lmax (PC1), L50 (PC2), and Tmax (PC3) being the main drivers. Elasmobranchs were represented by species with medium-to-large Size and medium-to-long Longevity, while most pelagic teleosts had fast Growth and higher Natural Mortality rates. Fecundity was highlighted as the least studied biological attribute, but a greater effort is also needed to study the age-growth relationship of many species. Due to important gaps in biological knowledge, we identified three priority groups among 23 data-poor species for which life history research should be prioritized in the short term. These highlights provide guidance for management and conservation and should be used as a guide for studies of biology, ecology and fisheries planning.
Integration of scRNA-Seq and bulk RNA-Seq to Establish a Macrophage-related Prognostic Model in Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Yu Tao , Yang Guangji , Ren Dongyan , Li Yantao , Yue Chong , Yang Qin , Zhang Jie 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
The immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) poses challenges to effective immunotherapy in ovarian cancer (OC). Tumor-associated macrophages play a crucial role in the TME and are closely linked to OC prognosis. While many studies have used bulk RNA-seq for prognostic biomarker exploration, its limitation is in discerning gene expression differences between individual cells.
Methods
This study integrates single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) with bulk RNA-seq data to accurately investigate the relationship between macrophage molecular characteristics and prognosis. RNA-seq data and prognostic information were obtained from the GEO and TCGA datasets. Using the R package "Seurat," this study annotates cell types and visualizes single-cell data. Differentially expressed genes in macrophages are identified using the FindAllMarkers function and further analyzed with the limma package. The resulting genes, combined with survival data, undergo single-factor COX regression and LASSO regression to construct a prognosis model.
Results
Integrating scRNA-seq and bulk RNA-seq data, this study established a prognosis model comprising 19 macrophage-related genes. Validation confirms the risk score as an independent prognostic factor for overall survival (OS) in patients with OC. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) for 1-year, 3-year, and 5-year survival periods were 0.71, 0.68, and 0.73, respectively. Subsequent immune analysis revealed distinct TMEs between high- and low-risk groups. The high-risk group shows distinct TMEs. The high-risk group exhibited higher immune infiltration, increased M1 macrophage infiltration, elevated M2 macrophage infiltration, and reduced sensitivity to immunotherapy but enhanced sensitivity to anti-angiogenic drugs compared to that in the low-risk group.
Conclusion
The study analyzed differentially expressed genes related to macrophages in OC and constructed a prognosis model. Moreover, it revealed the risk score as a prognostic factor in OC, with implications for patient sensitivity to immunotherapy.
Evaluation of Ophthalmic Vascular and Neural Structures in Female Patients with Fibromyalgia Syndrome and Their Relationship with Disease Severity
Authors: Çelik Gülşah , Doğan Şebnem Koldaş , Bulut Mehmet , Büber Hakan , Durmaz Doğan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Purpose
This study aimed to evaluate choroidal and macular thickness, as well as vascular structures in female fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) patients using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) and optical coherence tomography (OCT), and to compare the results with healthy controls. Additionally, the relationship between these findings and disease severity was explored.
Methods
The study included 62 female FMS patients and 60 healthy controls, conducted between January 2022 and October 2022 at the Antalya Training and Research Hospital. FMS patients were assessed based on American College of Rheumatology criteria. Tear production and stability were evaluated using Schirmer and Tear Break-Up Time (TBUT) tests, while OCTA and OCT were used to examine vascular and choroidal structures.
Results
The mean age of the FMS group was 43.11 ± 7.94 years. No significant difference was found in the Schirmer test, but the TBUT was significantly lower in the FMS group (p < 0.0001). OCTA showed significantly lower deep capillary plexus (DCP) values in the FMS group, with a weak negative correlation between DCP and disease severity (r=-0.227, p = 0.012). Foveal avascular zone (FAZ), non-flow, and choroidal thickness were significantly higher in FMS patients (p < 0.05).
Conclusion
The study demonstrated a relationship between dry eye, vascular changes, and increased choroidal thickness with disease severity in female patients with FMS. The reduction in DCP, along with increases in FAZ, non-flow, and choroidal thickness, may be linked to vascular and inflammatory processes involved in FMS pathogenesis. The decrease in tear quality may be due to autonomic nervous system dysfunction. In conclusion, we suggest that autonomic dysfunction and inflammation in FMS may negatively affect retinal vascular structures and tear function.
Design and serviceability analysis of the handle of rice transplanters: An empirical study
Authors: zhao Aili , Jia Mengshi 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

The improper morphology of the handle and non-uniform stress distribution during the use of rice transplanters will cause hand injury. To make operators feel more comfortable when they hold the handle of rice transplanters, the ANSYS finite element analysis and JACK human simulation were made to find shortcomings of the original handle parts of rice transplanters. A handle that fitted the hand and grip force was designed, and the designed model was 3D-printed and tested. The results showed that compared with the original handle, the modified one had a larger stress area, with improved stress concentration. Moreover, the modified handle improved the tense postures of hand muscles and angles between finger joints, and the steering and throttle levers were adjusted so that they were in the rotation range of the hand. This study provides a theoretical basis for the improvement of handle components of rice transplanters.
Unlocking soybean meal pectin recalcitrance using a multi-enzyme cocktail approach
Authors: Plouhinec Lauriane , Zhang Liang , Pillon Alexandre , Haon Mireille , Grisel Sacha , Navarro David , Black Ian , Neugnot Virginie , Azadi Parastoo , Urbanowicz Breeanna , Berrin Jean-Guy , Lafond Mickael 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Pectin is a complex plant heteropolysaccharide whose structure and function differ depending on its source. In animal feed, breaking down pectin is essential, as its presence increases feed viscosity and reduces nutrient absorption. Soybean meal, a protein-rich poultry feed ingredient, contains significant amounts of pectin, the structure of which remains unclear. Consequently, the enzyme activities required to degrade soybean meal pectin and how they interact are still open questions. In this study, we produced 15 recombinant fungal carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes) identified from fungal secretomes acting on pectin. After observing that these enzymes were not active on soybean meal pectin when used alone, we developed a semiminiaturized method to evaluate their effect as multi-activity cocktails. We designed and tested 12 enzyme pools, containing up to 15 different CAZymes, using several hydrolysis markers. Thanks to our multiactivity enzymatic approach combined with a Pearson correlation matrix, we identified 10 fungal CAZymes efficient on soybean meal pectin, 9 of which originate from Talaromyces versatilis. Based on enzyme specificity and linkage analysis, we propose a structural model for soybean meal pectin. Our findings underscore the importance of combining CAZymes to improve the degradation of agricultural co-products.