bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Berberine: A dual anti-HIV and anti- cervical cancer compound
Authors: Okeoma Chioma M. , Naushad Wasifa , Okeoma Bryson C. , Islam Humayun K , Wang Zhen Zhen , Yang Nan , Li XiuMin 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

We report the effects of berberine (BBR), a benzylisoquinoline alkaloid small molecule on inhibition of HIV infection of cervical cancer cells. We used HeLa cell-derived TZM-bl cell line as a model of cervical cancer and HIV infection. BBR significantly inhibits viral and cancer processes, including expression of cell-associated HIV RNA, secretion of HIV reverse transcriptase, and HIV Tat-mediated LTR promoter transactivation. BBR significantly inhibits HIV-induced cancer cell viability and cell clustering. Besides its ability to inhibit HIV-induced cancer cell viability, BBR inhibits migration and matrix invasion of cervical cancer cells that are infected with HIV or treated with HIV Tat protein. The ability of BBR to inhibit cell clustering, collective cell migration, and cell invasion may have an effect in controlling progression of cervical cancer and HIV since collective migration and invasion are strategies for local tissue infiltration, as well as metastatic invasion in epithelial cancers. Interestingly, molecular docking and dynamic stimulation show that BBR binds HIVIIIB Tat amino acid residues through non-covalent interactions that occurs at multiple sites including LYS71, providing mechanistic insights into BBR regulation HIV infection. The results of the present study suggest that BBR has the potential to inhibit HIV infection and comorbid cervical cancer progression.
Navigating Climate Challenges: Kiribati’s Food Security and Public Health Resilience
Authors: De Garibay Daniel Ruiz 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Purpose: This research investigates the efficacy of government policies and initiatives in mitigating food insecurity and health issues exacerbated by climate change in Kiribati. The study aims to identify gaps and challenges in policy implementation, evaluate existing government strategies, and propose improvements to address the identified shortcomings. Methods: The study employs a mixed-methods approach, incorporating participant interviews and secondary data analysis. Participants' insights were gathered through interviews, focusing on their experiences, perceptions, and observations regarding the effectiveness of government plans. Secondary data encompassed policy documents, reports, and scholarly articles to corroborate and augment participant insights.
Implications:The research findings reveal critical gaps in policy implementation, including coordination discrepancies between government sectors, delayed policy approvals, and limitations in healthcare infrastructure and community-based project efficacy.
The study emphasizes the need for enhanced policy execution, inter-ministerial coordination, and reduced dependency on external aid. Additionally, the research underscores the importance of addressing issues related to imported food quality and the impact of climate change on water salinity affecting food production. Overall, the study's implications suggest the necessity of refining existing policies, fostering greater collaboration among sectors, and implementing proactive measures to combat food insecurity and health challenges posed by climate change in Kiribati.
GLEAM4: global land evaporation dataset at 0.1° resolution from 1980 to near present
Authors: Miralles Diego G. , Bonte Olivier , Koppa Akash , Villanueva Oscar Baez , Tronquo Emma , Zhong Feng , Beck Hylke E. , Hulsman Petra , Dorigo Wouter , Verhoest Niko E. C. , Haghdoost Shekofeeh 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Terrestrial evaporation plays a crucial role in modulating climate and water resources. Here, we present a continuous, daily dataset covering 1980–2023 with a 0.1° spatial resolution, produced using the fourth generation of the Global Land Evaporation Amsterdam Model (GLEAM). GLEAM4 embraces developments in hybrid modelling, learning evaporative stress from eddy- covariance and sapflow data. It features improved representation of key factors such as interception, atmospheric water demand, soil moisture, and plant access to groundwater. Estimates are inter-compared to existing global evaporation products and validated against in situ measurements, including data from 474 eddy-covariance sites, showing a median correlation of 0.73, root-mean-square error of 0.94 mm d−1, and Kling–Gupta efficiency of 0.49. Global land evaporation is estimated at 71.2 x 103 km3 yr−1, with 63% attributed to transpiration. Beyond actual evaporation and its components (transpiration, interception loss, soil evaporation, etc.), the dataset also provides soil moisture, potential evaporation, sensible heat flux, and evaporative stress, facilitating a wide range of hydrological, climatic, and ecological studies. Data are openly available via www.gleam.eu.
Numerical study of an aeroelastic energy harvester with operational wind envelope expanded by shape-memory elements and dynamic stall
Authors: Cassales Luís Felipe Moreira da Silva , Caravita Lucas Victorelli , Silva Giovanne Sooma Assuncao , de Sousa Vagner Candido 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

A numerical study on the wind envelope enhancement of a pitch-and-plunge airfoil energy harvester by exploiting the cooperative effects of superelastic shape-memory alloy hysteresis and nonlinear aerodynamics related to dynamic stall is presented. Electromechanical coupling is considered in the airfoil plunge degree of freedom. Shape-memory behavior is considered in the pitch degree of freedom. Nonlinear aerodynamics to capture dynamic stall effects is represented by the Beddoes-Leishman model. The electrical power is evaluated for model parameters from the literature for comparison purposes. Numerical predictions reveal favorable scenarios for wind energy harvesting with stable post-flutter oscillation over a relatively wide range of airflow speeds. The results depict the attractiveness of combined structural and aerodynamic nonlinear effects, predicting bounded oscillations at higher post-flutter speeds when compared with cases for isolated structural or aerodynamic nonlinear effects. The amplitudes of oscillation are conveniently controlled by properly pre-loading the shape-memory elements. The operational envelope is attractive to concept novel wind energy harvesting devices.
Characterization and comparative analysis of antimicrobial resistance in Escherichia coli from hospital and municipal wastewater treatment plants
Authors: Kumar Gauri , Balakrishna Keshava , Mukhopadhyay Chiranjay , Kalwaje Eshwara Vandana 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

The spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses global health threats, with wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) as hotspots for its development. Horizontal gene transfer facilitates acquisition of resistance genes, particularly through integrons in Escherichia coli. Our study investigates E. coli isolates from hospital and municipal WWTPs, focusing on integrons, their temporal correlation and phenotypic and molecular characterization of AMR. Samples from hospital and municipal WWTPs were collected over two seasons, pre-monsoon (March–May) and post-monsoon (December–February). From the hospital (hWWTP) and municipal (mWWTP) influents, 45 and 172 E. coli isolates were obtained, respectively. E. coli from hWWTP exhibited significantly higher resistance rates than mWWTP to most tested antimicrobials except tetracycline. The hWWTP isolates showed a higher prevalence (86.7%) of multidrug resistance (MDR) compared with mWWTP (48.3%). The proportion of MDR isolates from mWWTP nearly doubled in the post-monsoon season. Integron positivity was 17.7% (hWWTP) and 19.7% (mWWTP) with common gene cassettes conferring resistance to trimethoprim and aminoglycosides. Phylogroup analysis showed a predominance of group A in hWWTP and group B1 in mWWTP. The study highlights the role of hospital and municipal wastewater in disseminating AMR, with high rates of MDR E. coli and class 1 integrons detected.
Vertical stratification of the water microbiome in an electric water heater tank: implications for premise plumbing opportunistic pathogens
Authors: Gomez-Alvarez Vicente , Ryu Hodon , McNeely Morgan , Muhlen Christy , Williams Daniel , Lytle Darren , Boczek Laura 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

Hot water systems are the most frequent environment associated with the prevalence and growth of opportunistic premise plumbing pathogens (OPPPs). Previous studies identified water heaters as a source of waterborne diseases and concluded that design variables may contribute to their prevalence. A multifaceted approach was used to investigate the vertical stratification of the microbiome and selected OPPPs in an electric water heater tank connected to a home plumbing system simulator. Results show that the microbiome is highly diverse with evidence of temperature stratification and temporal structuring influenced by the partial drainage of the tank. Representatives of the Mycobacterium spp. were the most prevalent taxa, followed by Legionella spp., and a relatively low prevalence of free-living amoeba Vermamoeba vermiformis. Higher concentrations of Legionella pneumophila at the bottom of the tank indicated the potential growth and protection of this opportunistic pathogen at this location. Overall, partial drainage of the water tank (60% of the tank capacity) did not significantly mitigate the microbiome and selected OPPPs. The outcome of this study sheds light on the role of vertical stratification on water quality and demonstrates the resilience of the microbial community residing in an electric water heater tank and the implications for public health.
Taking stock of caps on water use: fostering sustainability or falling short?
Authors: Wight Charles , Richter Brian D. , Ayala Gerardo , Blevins Lynsey , Carter Kendall , Carter Shelby , Coughlin Breanne , Delzell Sophie , Diment Louis , Fabiano Angel , Farrell Cecily , Hanway Sophia , Heitmeyer Ella , Herock Erin , Jackman Skylar , Jenkins Roy , Kelley Caitlyn , McNichols Austin , Novak Delaney , Rizk Sarah , Yohannes Ephrata 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT
Balancing water demands with available supplies on a scale that enables sustainable water use constitutes a complex governance challenge. Water managers face the daunting task of balancing water demands amidst variable supplies impacted by climate change and unsustainable extraction leading to drying lakes, depleted rivers, and shrinking aquifers. Traditionally, water managers have focused on bolstering water supplies to meet rising demands. However, this strategy is failing in many regions because of exorbitant costs, alongside environmental, legal, and political obstacles. Despite growing focus, no single solution ensures sustainable water use. Among governance options, capping water extractions holds theoretical promise, but evidence of their efficacy is limited and inconsistent due to shortcomings in their implementation, as detailed in this study. Our paper contributes to the literature on water governance by organizing empirical evidence of different types of caps. We developed a database to analyze 47 cases spanning 14 countries utilizing various types of caps (e.g., volumetric, water level limit, and moratorium) applied to different sources of water (e.g., aquifers, lakes, and rivers). We assess their efficacy in terms of enforceability, adaptability, and performance. We illustrate the strengths and weaknesses of capping as a water management strategy and offer recommendations to enhance its effectiveness.
The impact of water conservation strategies on unmet demand in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Authors: Unto Peniel Bafe 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT
The global water crisis is intensifying due to climate change, population growth, and rapid urbanization, leading to increased water demand, especially in urban areas. Addis Ababa, the capital of Ethiopia, is facing severe water shortages caused by rapid urbanization, population growth, industrial expansion, and aging infrastructure. This study assesses the water supply-demand gap and explore various water conservation strategies to mitigate this shortfall. Using the Water Evaluation and Planning System (WEAP), the research evaluates current and projected water supply-demand dynamics and the effectiveness of conservation strategies on unmet demand. The findings indicate that water demand in Addis Ababa is expected to rise from 382 Mm³ in 2023 to 915 Mm³ by 2043, a 140% increase. In 2023, only 40% of this demand is met, resulting in a supply-demand gap of 219 Mm³. The water supply system is significantly strained by population growth and improved living standards. Implementing conservation measures, such as retrofitting aging infrastructure and adopting water reuse policies, could reduce unmet demand by up to 45%, from 752 Mm³ to 646 Mm³ by 2043. To address escalating demand, a combination of conservation and supply-side measures is essential, including water recycling policies, infrastructure improvements, and targeted educational and financial initiatives.
Assessment and spatial mapping of water quality parameters using QGIS: Creating a dynamic map
Authors: Algailani Ebrahim , Hayder Gasim 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT
Groundwater is a critical resource for drinking, irrigation, and industrial purposes, making up 30.1% of global freshwater. Ensuring its quality is vital for human health due to the risks of contamination. Effective management and monitoring of groundwater are essential, particularly in regions like Peninsular Malaysia where groundwater constitutes a significant water source. This study aims to generate and assess the spatial distribution of the groundwater quality index (GWQI) using quantum GIS (QGIS), perform a spatiotemporal analysis from 2014 to 2022, and develop a dynamic map for public accessibility. Addressing the need for efficient and cost-effective monitoring methods, this research moves beyond traditional resource-intensive approaches by leveraging QGIS for spatial interpolation. The goal is to provide a preliminary assessment method into groundwater quality trends and facilitate better resource management in Peninsular Malaysia. The study used historical groundwater quality data from 2014 to 2022, with QGIS software and the QGIS2Web plugin to create spatial and dynamic maps. The GWQI spatial distribution was generated using the inverse distance weighted method, and data were visualized through static and dynamic web maps hosted online for easy access. Overall, the study indicated stable but regionally variable groundwater quality, necessitating continued monitoring and targeted interventions.
Smartphone App for Improving Self-Awareness of Adherence to Edoxaban Treatment in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation (ADHERE-App Trial): Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Yoon Minjae , Lee Ji Hyun , Kim In-Cheol , Lee Ju-Hee , Kim Mi-Na , Kim Hack-Lyoung , Lee Sunki , Kim In Jai , Choi Seonghoon , Park Sung-Ji , Hur Taeho , Hussain Musarrat , Lee Sungyoung , Choi Dong-Ju 
Published: November 2024

Background
Adherence to oral anticoagulant therapy is essential to prevent ischemic stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF).

Objective
This study aimed to evaluate whether smartphone app–based interventions improve medication adherence in patients with AF.

Methods
This open-label, multicenter randomized controlled trial (ADHERE-App [Self-Awareness of Drug Adherence to Edoxaban Using an Automatic App Feedback System] study) enrolled patients with AF treated with edoxaban for stroke prevention. They were randomly assigned to app-conditioned feedback (intervention; n=248) and conventional treatment (control; n=250) groups. The intervention group received daily alerts via a smartphone app to take edoxaban and measure blood pressure and heart rate at specific times. The control group received only standard, guideline-recommended care. The primary end point was edoxaban adherence, measured by pill count at 3 or 6 months. Medication adherence and the proportion of adequate medication adherence, which was defined as ≥95% of continuous medication adherence, were evaluated.

Results
Medication adherence at 3 or 6 months was not significantly different between the intervention and control groups (median 98%, IQR 95%-100% vs median 98%, IQR 91%-100% at 3 months, P=.06; median 98%, IQR 94.5%-100% vs median 97.5%, IQR 92.8%-100% at 6 months, P=.15). However, the proportion of adequate medication adherence (≥95%) was significantly higher in the intervention group at both time points (76.8% vs 64.7% at 3 months, P=.01; 73.9% vs 61% at 6 months, P=.007). Among patients aged >65 years, the intervention group showed a higher medication adherence value and a higher proportion of adequate medication adherence (≥95%) at 6 months.

Conclusions
There was no difference in edoxaban adherence between the groups. However, the proportion of adequate medication adherence was higher in the intervention group, and the benefit of the smartphone app–based intervention on medication adherence was more pronounced among older patients than among younger patients. Given the low adherence to oral anticoagulants, especially among older adults, using a smartphone app may potentially improve medication adherence.

Trial Registration
International Clinical Trials Registry Platform KCT0004754; https://cris.nih.go.kr/cris/search/detailSearch.do?seq=28496&search_page=L

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
RR2-10.1136/bmjopen-2021-048777
Obstacles and Opportunities for Albuminuria Testing On the Basis of the Perspective of Primary Care
Authors: Oude Engberink Agnès , Marc Julie , Renk Elodie , Serayet Philippe , Bourrel Gérard , Moranne Olivier 
Published: November 2024

Key Points

Pay-for-performance indicators and lack of knowledge about new drugs limit general practitioners' ability to identify target populations and perform urinary protein assays.Choosing between several possible assays is associated with confusion and exposes general practitioners to the risk of inappropriate referrals to nephrologists.Revising pay-for-performance indicators, drafting multidisciplinary guidelines, raising multiprofessional collaboration, and patient awareness should be considered.

Background
Albuminuria testing is an easy way to identify, early on, a higher risk of cardiovascular and kidney morbidity and mortality in patients at risk. In France, the urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio is an indicator for Remuneration for Public Health Objectives (primary care pay-for-performance) for patients with diabetes or hypertension. These tests must be performed annually by General Practitioners (GPs), but are not sufficiently performed, although drug therapies depend on them. We wanted to understand the practice of urinary protein screening assays by means of a qualitative study on the experience of GPs in a French region, with a view to developing facilitating strategies.

Methods
This qualitative, semiopragmatic, phenomenological study analyzed in-depth interviews held with a purposive sample (age, sex, training, type of practice, rural/urban context) of 27 GPs, with triangulation of researchers until data saturation.

Results
GPs recognized the assay as a systematic screening tool in accordance with the guidelines, but limited it to patients with diabetes or hypertension encouraged by primary care pay-for-performance. Noting that their intervention was limited to kidney-protective measures already in place and, unaware of the new drugs, they saw no benefits and considered it a nonpriority test. The existence of several urinary assays with varying intervention thresholds, changes in guidelines, and the fact that specialists in laboratory medicine can decide which test to use depending on reimbursement by the health insurance scheme, all contributed to GPs' confusion in prescribing and interpreting tests. One consequence of this was inappropriate referral to the nephrologist. These tests required them to adopt a patient-centered educational approach, making it difficult for certain patients to perform them.

Conclusions
GPs were aware of guideline recommendations to screen for albuminuria in patients with diabetes and hypertension but had difficulty interpreting the results. Their lack of perceived clinical consequences and new drugs should be targeted to improve the situation.
PRINSIP KERJA SAMA DAN KESOPANAN DALAM NOVEL PERGI KARYA TERELIYE: KAJIAN PRAGMATIK
Authors: Nisa Azizun Khoirun , Fajar Rahmawati  
Published: November 2024

The purpose of this study is to identify and describe the principles of cooperation and courtesy in the novel Pergi by Tere Liye. This study used descriptive qualitative method. The data is presented in the form of dialogue between characters in the novel Pergi. The approach used in this research is pragmatics. The source of the research data is the dialogue in the novel Pergi by Tere Liye. Collecting data by means of library techniques and note-taking techniques with reading and note-taking techniques related to the object to be studied. The data analysis technique in this study uses the Miles and Huberman interactive model, namely data reduction, data exposure and conclusion drawing and verification. The results showed that a conversation containing the principles of cooperation and politeness in accordance with Grice's cooperation principle consisted of 4 maxims, namely maxim of quality, maxim of quantity, maxim of relevance, maxim of implementation and 6 maxims of politeness consisting of maxim of wisdom, maxim of generosity, maxim of humility, the suitability maxim, the sympathy maxim, and the acceptance/praise maxim.

Tujuan dalam penelitian ini untuk mengetahui dan mendeskripsikan prinsip kerja sama dan kesopanan dalam novel Pergi karya Tere Liye. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Data disajikan dalam bentuk dialog antartokoh yang ada dalam novel Pergi. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu pragmatik. Sumber data penelitian adalah dialog dalam novel Pergi karya Tere Liye. Pengumpulan data dengan cara teknik pustaka dan teknik catat dengan teknik baca dan catat terkait dengan objek yang akan diteliti. Teknik analisis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan model interaktif Miles dan Huberman yaitu reduksi data, paparan data dan penarikan kesimpulan dan verifikasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan suatu percakapan yang mengandung prinsip kerja sama dan kesopanan sesuai dengan prinsip kerja sama Grice terdiri dari 4 maksim yaitu maksim kualitas, maksim kuantitas, maksim relevansi, maksim pelaksanaan dan 6 maksim kesopanan terdiri dari maksim kebijaksanaan, maksim kemurahan, maksim kerendahan hati, maksim kecocokan maksim kesimpatian, dan maksim penerimaan/ pujian.