bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification and functional study of Fib‐L, a major silk fibroin gene component in rice leaf folders
Authors: Xie Jing , Mo Qiyao , Chen Lina , Zhu Zhongyan , Liu Xiao , Smagghe Guy , Ye Mao , Li Shangwei 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe rice leaf folder, Cnaphalocrocis medinalis (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), is a major migratory pest in rice agriculture. This pest is characterised by its larvae's ability to fold rice leaves using silk, a behaviour that culminates in the formation of a silken cocoon during the pupal stage. The fibroin light chain (CmFib‐L) gene is crucial for silk production, yet its specific function in C. medinalis has reminded elusive. This study presents a comprehensive analysis of the CmFib‐L gene, revealing its complete open reading frame (ORF) and expression patterns. Notably, the gene is highly expressed in the fifth‐instar larvae and the silk gland, which are critical stages for silk production. Our experiments demonstrate that silencing the CmFib‐L gene leads to a reduction in pupal weight, an extension of the pupal stage and a disorganised silk cocoon. Furthermore, the larval behaviour of leaf folding and spinning is significantly impaired when the expression of CmFib‐L is downregulated. These findings not only show the importance of fibroin light chain in silk production but also reveal a new target gene to regulate and control the behaviour and development of C. medinalis.
Challenges for Family Caregivers of Persons With Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Qualitative Longitudinal Study
Authors: Kuo Li‐Min , Wang Ching‐Lin , Huang Huei‐Ling , Hsu Wen‐Chuin , Shyu Yea‐Ing L. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTFamily caregivers of persons with mild cognitive impairment attempt to understand the behavioural and functional changes exhibited by their relative. However, how caregivers respond to initial changes and changes over time has not been explored. The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore the experience of family caregivers responding to changes in their relative's memory, behaviours, and physical functions over 2 years. Eleven family caregivers of a relative with mild cognitive impairment were purposively recruited from neurological clinics in Taiwan. Face‐to‐face semi‐structured interviews were conducted within 6‐months of referral; three follow‐ups were conducted at 6‐month intervals. Content analysis of 41 transcribed audio‐recorded interviews revealed the longitudinal changes in their relative with cognitive impairment was made caregiving challenging. Three themes described the challenges: (1) Changes related to their relative's cognitive impairment, which included increases in mood fluctuations, erratic behaviours, and reductions in physical abilities; (2) changes in their relative's comorbidities, which included adapting to new symptoms and treatments for a chronic disease, monitoring medication adherence and drug interactions; and (3) changes in caregiver burden, which increased levels of stress, uncertainty, and anxiety resulting in greater role strain. Caregiving became more challenging with time, especially caregivers whose relative developed dementia during the study period. These findings offer insight into the trajectory of the experience of family caregivers attempting to understand changes in cognition, behaviours, and physical functions for their relative with mild cognitive impairment over 2 years, which could help mental healthcare providers develop support services to reduce caregiver role strain.
The Impact of Clinical Supervision on the Mental Health Nursing Workforce: A Scoping Review
Authors: McDonough Joshua , Rhodes Kate , Procter Nicholas 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTClinical supervision is a psychologically safe practice that aims to provide support and training for workers within the healthcare industry, including mental health nurses. Over the years, clinical supervision has been cited as a practice to improve workforce outcomes for both individual mental health nurses and the organisations they work in. The aim of this scoping review is to examine the evidence exploring the relationship between clinical supervision and workforce outcomes for mental health nurses. Twenty‐eight articles sourced from six databases were included in this study. The most frequently evaluated workforce outcomes were competence (n = 14), workplace culture (n = 13) and compassion (n = 7). Studies reported that the association between clinical supervision and workforce outcomes was predominantly positive, but there were mixed results for competence, workplace culture, job satisfaction and burnout. Details on the type of clinical supervision received by participants were limited, and most of the evidence included in this review included qualitative research and participants self‐reporting their perceived benefits from clinical supervision, as opposed to using validated instruments in experimental and/or longitudinal study designs. Organisations should be hesitant to implement mandatory clinical supervision within workplaces, as this could have the opposite effect on workforce outcomes for mental health nurses who are already time‐poor and overworked, as well as those who are indifferent or hostile to clinical supervision.
Do pay secrecy policies prevent voluntary turnover?
Authors: Acuna Carlos 
Published: October 2024

AbstractPay secrecy (PS) policies, commonly found in the US private sector, restrict pay communication among employees. Previous research suggests that these policies help prevent pay dissatisfaction and attrition among low earners by limiting salary comparisons. However, by exploiting the staggered adoption of PS bans across US states as a negative shock to PS, I find no causal relationship between PS and voluntary turnover. This suggests that workers' reluctance to ask others about their pay renders PS policies irrelevant for retention purposes. This, in turn, highlights the need for organizations to consider alternative approaches to enhance employee retention and commitment.
Bone sialoprotein facilitates anoikis resistance in lung cancer by inhibiting miR‐150‐5p expression
Authors: Thuong Le Huynh Hoai , Huang Chang‐Lun , Fong Yi‐Chin , Liu Chun‐Lin , Guo Jeng‐Hung , Wu Chih‐Ying , Liu Po‐I , Tang Chih‐Hsin 
Published: October 2024

AbstractMetastatic lung cancer is a highly prevalent cancer with a very low chance of long‐term survival. Metastasis at secondary sites requires that cancer cells develop anoikis resistance to survive during circulation. High levels of bone sialoprotein (BSP), a member of the small integrin‐binding ligand N‐linked glycoproteins (SIBLINGs), have been shown to promote the spread of lung cancer cells; however, the effects of BSP in anoikis resistance are largely unknown. In this study, we determined that BSP promotes anoikis resistance in lung cancer cells. BSP was also shown to promote the expression of E‐cadherin and vimentin (epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition markers, which have been utilized as indicators of anoikis resistance). It appears that BSP facilitates MMP‐14‐dependent anoikis resistance by inhibiting the synthesis of miR‐150‐5p and activating the ERK signalling pathway. Knockdown of BSP expression was shown to block lung cancer metastasis by lowering anoikis resistance in vivo. These results indicate that BSP is a promising target to deal with anoikis resistance and metastasis in human lung cancers.
Measuring guideline adherence in physiotherapy: A scoping review of methodological approaches
Authors: Bahns Carolin , Scheffler Bettina , Bremer Alexander , Kopkow Christian 
Published: October 2024

AbstractRationaleClinical practice guidelines summarise the existing evidence on specific health conditions and aim to optimise quality of care by providing evidence‐based recommendations. Studies have reported a gap between research findings and clinical practice in physiotherapy. Guideline adherence is often used as a measure of agreement between therapeutic care and guideline recommendations. However, there is currently no standardised methodological approach for measuring guideline adherence.Aims and ObjectiveThe objective of this scoping review was to summarise the methods and results of studies that assessed guideline adherence in physiotherapy.MethodsMEDLINE, EMBASE, PEDro and CENTRAL databases were searched for relevant literature up to December 2022. Published reports of observational studies and controlled clinical trials that provided information on the assessment of guideline adherence in physiotherapists were included. The selection process was performed independently by two reviewers. The methodological quality of the identified reports was not assessed. Results were summarised narratively.ResultsFrom a total of 2560 potentially relevant records, 53 reports were included in the analysis. Physiotherapists' adherence to guidelines was primarily assessed in the context of musculoskeletal conditions, such as low back pain (n = 25, 47.2%) and osteoarthritis (n = 8, 15.1%). A wide range of measurement approaches were used with the majority of reports using web‐based surveys (n = 21, 39.6%), followed by chart reviews (n = 17, 32.1%). Most reports (n = 21, 39.6%) provided information on the level of adherence in terms of frequency dichotomising (self‐reported) clinical practice as adherent or non‐adherent. Adherence rates varied widely between included reports.ConclusionsAlthough the large number of included reports indicates a high level of interest in the topic of guideline adherence, there is considerable heterogeneity between studies regarding the methodological approaches used to assess guideline adherence in physiotherapists. This reduces the comparability of the study results.Trial RegistrationINPLASY (registration no. 202250081). Registered on 12th May 2022.
Effects of Kinesio‐taping and rigid‐taping on vertical jump in individuals with pes planus: A randomised crossover comparison
Authors: Ünsalan Melissa , Miçooğulları Mehmet , Angın Salih 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIntroductionThe effects of Kinesio‐taping (KT) and rigid‐taping (RT) on vertical jump performance have been investigated; however, remain unclear. The study was designed to compare the effects of KT and RT on vertical jump in individuals with pes planus.MethodsA total of 74 participants were diagnosed with pes planus. The foot posture index (FPI) was used to determine pes planus. Participants were randomly divided into two groups. Before taping, the vertical jump height and power were measured using a VertiMetric device as baseline data. Jump measurement was repeated after Kinesio‐taping (KT) and rigid taping (RT) application to group 1 and group 2 respectively in the first period and after crossing in the second period following a 1‐week washout. Crossover and equivalence analyses were used for data analysis.ResultsKT and RT showed a statistically significant increase in jump height and power. However, the effect of the RT was higher compared to KT (p < 0.05).ConclusionsWhile both taping techniques increased jump height and power, RT was more effective than KT in improving jumping performance in individuals with pes planus, possibly because of its direct supporting function on the MLA. RT may also improve performance in various sports or clinical settings to accelerate recovery after injury or lower the risk of injury caused by poor foot posture.
Big data and artificial intelligence‐aided crop breeding: Progress and prospects
Authors: Zhu Wanchao , Li Weifu , Zhang Hongwei , Li Lin 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThe past decade has witnessed rapid developments in gene discovery, biological big data (BBD), artificial intelligence (AI)‐aided technologies, and molecular breeding. These advancements are expected to accelerate crop breeding under the pressure of increasing demands for food. Here, we first summarize current breeding methods and discuss the need for new ways to support breeding efforts. Then, we review how to combine BBD and AI technologies for genetic dissection, exploring functional genes, predicting regulatory elements and functional domains, and phenotypic prediction. Finally, we propose the concept of intelligent precision design breeding (IPDB) driven by AI technology and offer ideas about how to implement IPDB. We hope that IPDB will enhance the predictability, efficiency, and cost of crop breeding compared with current technologies. As an example of IPDB, we explore the possibilities offered by CropGPT, which combines biological techniques, bioinformatics, and breeding art from breeders, and presents an open, shareable, and cooperative breeding system. IPDB provides integrated services and communication platforms for biologists, bioinformatics experts, germplasm resource specialists, breeders, dealers, and farmers, and should be well suited for future breeding.
Quantitative Easing and Direct Lending in Response to the COVID‐19 Crisis
Authors: OCCHINO FILIPPO 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis paper develops a dynamic general equilibrium model to study quantitative easing (QE) and direct lending to firms. QE works through three channels: expanding bank reserves raises liquidity and lowers the liquidity premium, purchasing assets withdraws risk and lowers the volatility risk premium, and the resulting economic stimulus lowers the credit risk premium. When bank reserves are higher, the liquidity premium channel is weaker, and QE is less expansionary. Direct lending is more expansionary than QE because it substitutes bank lending and mitigates the credit risk frictions associated with bank lending, while QE stimulates bank lending and worsens the frictions.
Unveiling the Gut Microbiome of Malaysia's Colobine Monkeys : Insights into Health and Evolution
Authors: Mohd‐Ridwan Abd Rahman , Md‐Zain Badrul Munir , Najmuddin Mohd Faudzir , Othman Nursyuhada , Haris Hidayah , Sariyati Nur Hartini , Matsuda Ikki , Yee Boo Sook , Lee Yiling , Lye Siew Fen , Abdul‐Latiff Muhammad Abu Bakar 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundColobines are primarily leaf‐eating primates, depend on microbiota of gastrointestinal tracts for food digestion. However, the gut microbiota of Malaysia's colobines specifically langurs remains unstudied.AimsHence, we aim to analyze the fecal microbiomes of Malaysia's langurs using Presbytis femoralis, Presbytis robinsoni, Trachypithecus obscurus, and Trachypithecus cristatus from various landscapes as models.Material and MethodsWe collected samples from all four species across several areas in Peninsular Malaysia and performed 16S ribosomal RNA gene amplicon sequencing using the Illumina sequencing platform.ResultsPresbytis femoralis exhibited the highest bacterial diversity, followed by T. obscurus, T. cristatus, P. robinsoni and the lowest, P. siamensis. Over 11 million operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were identified across Malaysia's langurs spanning 26 phyla, 180 families, and 329 genera of microbes. The OTUs were dominated by Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, and Bacteroidetes. There are 11 genera of pathogenic bacteria were identified across all host species. Nine pathogenic bacterial genera inhabit both T. obscurus, indicating poor health due to low bacterial diversity and heightened pathogenicity. In contrast, P. robinsoni with the fewest pathogenic species is deemed the healthiest among Malaysia's langurs.DiscussionThis study demonstrates that alterations in diet, behavior, and habitat affect bacterial diversity in Malaysia's langurs' gut microbiota. Even though this is the first comprehensive analysis of langur microbiomes in Malaysia, it is important to note the limitations regarding the number of samples, populations sampled, and the geographical origins and landscapes of these populations. Our results suggest that Malaysia's langurs may harbor pathogenic bacteria, potentially posing a risk of transmission to humans.ConclusionThis highlights the critical need for the conservation and management of Malaysia's langurs, particularly considering their interactions with humans. This data can serve as a foundation for authorities to inform the public about the origins and significance of animal health and the management of zoonotic diseases.
Adapting Group Prenatal Care for Telehealth: A COVID‐Era Innovation to Address Barriers to Care for Latinx Clients
Authors: Daily Catherine , Gresh Ashley , Hamilton Elizabeth R. , Marea Christina X. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe use of telehealth prenatal care increased exponentially during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic, but there is no literature describing its use for group prenatal care during this time. The COVID‐19 pandemic also exacerbated structural barriers to care that disproportionately affect Black and Latinx people. Telehealth enabled pregnant people to access health care and minimize infectious risks. Telehealth group prenatal care (T‐GPNC) incorporated the essential elements of CenteringPregnancy with telehealth is an innovative care delivery method borne out of necessity during the COVID‐19 pandemic that has potential to mitigate structural barriers to care.Mary's Center is a federally qualified health center (FQHC) in Washington, DC, and Maryland that rapidly pivoted to individual telehealth prenatal care early in the pandemic. Mary's Center used our experience with group care and guidance from the Centering Healthcare Institute on virtual Centering to launch T‐GPNC. This new model included home self‐monitoring equipment and video classrooms, mixed with in‐person individual care visits. We used a team‐based approach with nurses, midwives, and community health workers to provide holistic care to pregnant people. Our robust care coordination team also connected them to home visiting, mental health services, and nutrition counseling.The purpose of this article is to describe how Mary's Center modified the CenteringPregnancy model of group prenatal care for telehealth, following the hallmarks of CenteringPregnancy, and met the needs of Spanish‐speaking clients, henceforth Latinx clients. A secondary purpose is to demonstrate how telehealth can expand access to health care and remove structural barriers that may prevent pregnant people from attending in‐person appointments. We also discuss the structural inequities in digital access and literacy in the context of program implementation.
Decomposition and Changes in In Vivo Post‐HA Filler Injection: A Review
Authors: Hong Gi‐Woong , Wan Jovian , Chang Kathleen , Park Youngjin , Yi Kyu‐Ho 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundHyaluronic acid (HA) fillers are widely used in aesthetic medicine, but their in vivo behavior and long‐term effects are not fully understood.AimsTo review the decomposition and changes occurring in the body following HA filler injections, focusing on crosslinking agents, degradation processes, and tissue responses.MethodsThis review analyzed oxidative and enzymatic degradation processes of HA fillers, evaluated the impact of 1,4‐Butanediol Diglycidyl Ether (BDDE) crosslinking, and examined histological changes post‐injection.ResultsUncrosslinked HA degrades rapidly due to endogenous hyaluronidase, while crosslinked HA undergoes slower degradation via free radicals and hyaluronidase. Complete cross‐linking (C‐MoD) showed better durability compared to partially cross‐linked BDDE (P‐MoD). The concept of modification efficiency (MoE) was proposed to optimize filler safety and viscoelastic properties. Histological analysis revealed collagen capsule formation and autologous tissue replacement, affecting long‐term outcomes. The degree of chemical modification (MoD) influences filler durability and safety, with concerns raised about potential delayed immune reactions from accumulated pendent BDDE.ConclusionsClinicians should consider injection site, tissue conditions, and filler properties for safe and effective HA filler use. Emphasizing thorough BDDE removal and optimal crosslinking can enhance treatment safety and efficacy. The balance between achieving desired viscoelastic properties and minimizing potential risks is crucial. Future studies should include diverse ethnic groups to validate findings and further explore long‐term tissue responses to HA fillers.
A Multifactor Perspective on Volatility‐Managed Portfolios
Authors: DeMIGUEL VICTOR , MARTÍN‐UTRERA ALBERTO , UPPAL RAMAN 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTMoreira and Muir question the existence of a strong risk‐return trade‐off by showing that investors can improve performance by reducing exposure to risk factors when their volatility is high. However, Cederburg et al. show that these strategies fail out‐of‐sample, and Barroso and Detzel show they do not survive transaction costs. We propose a conditional multifactor portfolio that outperforms its unconditional counterpart even out‐of‐sample and net of costs. Moreover, we show that factor risk prices generally decrease with market volatility. Our results demonstrate that the breakdown of the risk‐return trade‐off is more puzzling than previously thought.
The Protein/Carbohydrate Ratio in the Diet Affects Zootechnical Performance and the Regulation of Intermediary Metabolism in Juveniles Tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum)
Authors: Carli Gabriela Castellani , Palma Mariana , Satiro Thaise Mota , Soares Hugo Henrique D'Amore , Ferrari Jeisson Emerson Casimiro , Viegas Ivan , Takahashi Leonardo Susumu 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThe use of carbohydrates in animal feed is a way to save protein in the diet. This study evaluated the effect of protein/starch ratio on the performance, hepatic metabolism, and body composition of juvenile tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum). Six isoenergetic experimental diets were formulated containing three levels of digestible protein (P: 230, 260 and 290 g kg−1) and two levels of starch (S: 180 and 280 g kg−1): P23S18, P23S28, P26S18, P26S28, P29S18 and P29S28. Juveniles tambaqui (N = 288; initial weight = 30.0 ± 3.8 g) were fed experimental diets for 90 days and the zootechnical performance was evaluated. Nine fish from each treatment group were sampled to determine somatic indices, blood metabolites, tissue energy reserves, body composition and activity of key hepatic enzymes. Blood triglycerides, hepatosomatic index, liver and muscle lipids, and hepatic glycogen increased significantly with starch while blood glucose, triglycerides and cholesterol, muscle lipids were significantly impacted by protein levels. Fish‐fed S28 had increased feed intake (1714–1829 g; p < 0.0001) and fish‐fed diet P26S18 had a higher protein efficiency rate (23.62%; p = 0.0356). Fish fed P23 had lower crude protein retention in the carcass (p = 0.0018) and high lipogenesis and lipid deposition in the muscle (p = 0.0069). These results suggest that dietary carbohydrates have a protein‐sparing effect. Tambaqui adapted well to diets containing starch, even at higher levels, resulting in an overall increase in lipogenesis from S18 to S28. Thus, we recommend P26S18 as a cost‐effective feed that ensures both zootechnical performance and quality of the final product.