bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Purpura thrombopénique de nature immunologique
Authors: Salmon J , Hugues J , Smoliar V 
Published: June 2018

Résuméa) L’étude du purpura thrombopénique expérimental a été réalisée chez le rat à l’aide de sérum de lapin anti-plaquettes de rat utilisé soit brut, soit épuisé par du sérum de ce dernier animal, les anticorps ayant été préalablement analysés par l’immunoélectrophorèse.b) Ces recherches permettent de préciser la cinétique de la thrombopénie provoquée par les antisérums. Elles révèlent l’existence d’un certain délai entre la chute du taux des plaquettes et l’apparition des lésions hémorragiques. Elles confirment en plus le manque de parallélisme étroit entre la thrombocytose et la tendance hémorragique.c) L’administration par voie sous-cutanée de sérum anti-plaquettes induit une lésion locale précoce comparable à un phénomène d’Arthus. Celle-ci devient fortement hémorragique vers la 24e heure, après effondrement du taux des plaquettes, tandis qu’apparaît un purpura généralisé.d) Les relations éventuelles entre thrombopénie et lésions hémorragiques sont discutées. Certains arguments suggèrent qu’un important rôle est réservé à l’activation de certains enzymes protéolytiques dans la pathogénie des purpuras thrombopéniques d’origine immunologique. Ils confirment la pathogénie double, plaquettaire et vasculaire, des purpuras hémorragiques thrombopéniques, établie pour la première fois expérimentalement par Bedson (3) et Roskam (11, 12).
Auswirkungen experimentell erzeugter schwerer Gerinnungsdefekte des Blutes in vivo
Authors: Schröer H , Hauck G , Peiper U 
Published: June 2018

ZusammenfassungSchwere, mit Ungerinnbarkeit des Blutes einhergehende Defekte im Gerinnungssystem des strömenden Blutes wurden an großen Hunden 1. durch langsame intravenöse Thrombininfusion, 2. durch Austauschtransfusion mit defibriniertem Spenderblut erzeugt. Die fortlaufend untersuchten Veränderungen der wichtigsten Gerinnungsfaktoren im Organismus während etwa 30 Stunden werden beschrieben.Die Restitutionsprozesse nach Thrombininfusion waren, mit Ausnahme einer bleibenden Verminderung der Plättchenzahl, nach spätestens 20 Stunden im wesentlichen abgeschlossen. Der durch Austausch des tiereigenen Blutes mit defibriniertem Spenderblut gesetzte Defekt konnte durch Wiederzuführen des — vorübergehend heparinisierten — Eigenblutes in kürzester Zeit großenteils wieder behoben werden. Die weitere Normalisierung des Gerinnungspotentials erfolgte spontan. Der Grad der künstlich erzielten Restitution ist hauptsächlich eine Funktion der dem Kreislauf wieder zugeführten Vollblutmenge. Methodische Möglichkeiten, die sich daraus zum Problem der Steuerbarkeit der Blutgerinnung bei extrakorporaler Zirkulation ergeben könnten, werden angedeutet.Ständige Beobachtung des Kreislaufs und des Allgemeinzustandes der Tiere ergab keinen Hinweis auf eine durch die Störungen im Gerinnungssystem bedingte Beeinträchtigung wichtiger Körperfunktionen. Massive Steigerungen der Gefäßpermeabilität in Form lebensbedrohender Ödeme traten nicht auf. Es werden Aussagen über die Beziehungen zwischen dem Gerinnungssystem des Blutes und der Schrankenfunktion der Kapillaren gemacht.
Haemophilia B in a Girl
Authors: Niléhn Jan-Erik , Nilsson Inga Marie 
Published: June 2018

SummaryA 6 year old girl with symptoms of severe haemophilia and a haemophilia B factor B content of 2%—3% of normal is described. Investigation of the family revealed that the mother and the sister of the girl were carriers of the haemophilia B gene, while the father was normal. Chromosome studies showed a pattern of 2 X chromosomes.
Über den Einfluß von Prednisolon, Nucleosiden und Aminoxydasehemmern auf die Serotoninbildung alternder Blutplättchen
Authors: Schmid E , Witte S , Pfannmüller B , Schricker K. Th 
Published: June 2018

ZusammenfassungDer Einfluß von Prednisolon, Nucleosiden und Hemmstoffen der Monoaminoxydase auf die Serotoninbindung alternder Thrombozyten wurde untersucht.Prednisolon verzögert den Aminverlust der konservierten Blutplättchen und hemmt dadurch den Abfall des Blutserotoningehalts. Nucleoside beeinflussen den Verlauf der 5-Hydroxytryptamin-Bindung nicht. Sie behindern die Sero-toninaufnahme durch die Blutplättchen im Speicherungsversuch. Unsere Versuche geben daher keinen Hinweis auf eine verbesserte biologische Überlebensdauer der Thrombozyten unter dem Einfluß dieser Stoffe.Aminoxydase-Inhibitoren hemmen den fermentativen Abbau von 5-Hydr-oxytryptamin im Plasma der Blutkonserve. Sie wirken am isolierten Organ antagonistisch gegen Serotonin und beeinflussen dadurch die biologische Bestimmung des Amingehalts der einzelnen Blutfraktionen. Die Hemmung ist in der Thrombozytenfraktion am stärksten ausgeprägt. Wir vermuten daher, daß MAO-Hemmer von Thrombozyten bevorzugt gebunden werden können. Die Bedeutung des Befundes für die Therapie mit diesen Wirkstoffen wird diskutiert.
Vitalhistologische Untersuchungen an Mikroblutungen umschriebener Hautbezirke
Authors: Ehring F 
Published: June 2018

ZusammenfassungDer Fingernagelwall ist bevorzugter Sitz einer Kapillarerkrankung, welche mit Diapedeseblutungen und dem Verlust einzelner Kapillaren einhergeht. In vitalhistologischen Untersuchungen wird gezeigt, wie die abgerissenen Gefäße und das epidermisnah ausgetretene Blut in die Epidermis aufgenommen und zur Hautoberfläche ausgeschieden werden. Tiefer gelegene Extravasate treten zur Tiefe der Haut. Entsprechende Beobachtungen an anderen Hautstellen sprechen dafür, daß dieser Ausscheidungsmechanismus für die ganze Haut gilt.
A History of Concussion Does Not Lead to an Increase in Ocular Near Point of Convergence
Authors: van Donkelaar Paul , Dierijck Jill , Wright Alexander , Smirl Jonathan 
Published: June 2018

AbstractOcular near point of convergence (NPC) has been shown to be sensitive to the effects of concussion and subconcussive impacts. To determine if NPC is also sensitive to a previous history of concussion, male contact-sport athletes either with (n=26) or without (n=16) a history of at least one previous concussion had their NPC assessed. The results showed that participants with a history of concussion displayed NPC values (9.4±1.6 cm) indistinguishable from those with no history of concussion (8.4±2.1 cm, t-test, p=0.09). This was the case regardless of whether 1, 2, or 3 or more concussions had occurred and despite the fact participants with concussion (mean time since last concussion: 1136 days) suffered from an increased number and severity of symptoms as assessed with the SCAT 3 (3.6±2.2 vs. 2.13±1.89 symptoms, 6.1±4.1 vs. 3.19±2.99 severity, t-test, p<0.05). Taken together, these results imply that NPC may not be a suitable tool to assess the potential long-term effects of one or more concussions over a longer time frame. Future research using larger sample sizes is warranted to evaluate the potential dose-response relationship between number of prior concussions and NPC.
Traduire les dialogues de Marianne Apostolides
Authors: Stratford Madeleine 
Published: June 2018

RésuméVoluptuous Pleasure: The Truth about the Writing Lifede Marianne Apostolides se compose de neuf histoires « vraies », inspirées de la vie d’Apostolides et de sa famille : l’action se situe entre la réalité et la fiction. Ce livre, tout en racontant des histoires, remet en question l’acte d’écrire et le concept d’histoire lui-même. Le fil conducteur est le rapport au père de l’auteure et à sa terre natale, la Grèce. Sur le plan traductif, les dialogues occupent une place essentielle. C’est en effet grâce au naturel et à l’authenticité des paroles rapportées (inventées?) par Apostolides que l’on saisit la personnalité et la profondeur des personnages. Dans cet article, j’aborderai mon processus de traduction de ce livre pour les éditions La Peuplade en m’attardant à la nouvelleTwo Dialogues: On Bravery. Puisant dans les cadres théoriques et méthodologiques de la recherche-création, je propose de retracer mon processus de recréation des dialogues en analysant plusieurs versions françaises produites au cours de l’été 2014. J’observerai l’évolution de mon postulat traductif en décrivant et en catégorisant les stratégies adoptées en cours de traduction, puis en les contrastant avec celles qui ont été privilégiées dans la version finale.
The Econo-Rhetorical Presidency and the U.S. Fiscal Situation
Authors: Saas William O. 
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACT
This essay expands James Aune’s theory of the econo-rhetorical presidency to analyze how presidents define the U.S. fiscal situation. By “fiscal situation,” I refer to any rhetorical representation of the federal government’s ability to create and spend money, levy and collect taxes, and issue debt. Through historical analysis of the “balanced budget” topos in presidential discourse, I find that Presidents Carter through Obama tended to define the U.S. fiscal situation in austere terms, with balanced budgets figured as deontological goods unto themselves. I conclude by advocating for increased critical engagement with economic theory, generally, and theories of the U.S. fiscal situation, specifically.
Energeia, Kinesis, and the Neoliberal Rhetoric of Strategic Default
Authors: Colombini Crystal Broch 
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACT
Recently, rhetoricians have explored the potential of energeia to unfold new understandings of agency and highlight the mutability of rhetorical topoi. This article harnesses such potential to neoliberal rhetorical analysis, examining the “strategic default” debate that dominated the later foreclosure crisis. Tracing the constitution of a moralized binary distinction between intentional and forced default, I argue that the kinesthetic metaphor of “walking away” from underwater houses disciplines consumers while disclosing the latent potentiality for rational actors to abuse their power of choice. To counter this denial of agency, I draw possibilities for resistant practice from de Certeau’s theory of everyday life.
Predicting Fish Ecological As Indicator of River Pollution Using Decision Tree Technique
Authors: Hsu Che-Yu , Ou Sheng-Jung , Hsieh Wei-Fan 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
The Goal of the research is to introducing the principle of Decision Tree that is being used to forecast river pollution, it provides a new method to evaluate the river pollution based on its water quality. We collected monthly monitoring data of water quality from Dezikou River basin of Yilan County, and the data of fish ecology obtained from ecological survey and report, in which to build a water quality and ecology resources database through an actual field investigation. By using data mining software, IBM SPSS Modeler 14.1’s decision tree, conducting the River Pollution Index. Shannon-Weaver diversity, Pielou’s Evenness Index, Margalef’s Species Richness Index, Fish Tolerant Index and Simpson’s Index of Diversity’s classification and prediction, to build a model for river pollution prediction, and to compare this with the Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis. The results showed that the model for river pollution prediction built under the Decision Tree can obtain a better forecast result. The following are the accurate rates of Decision Tree: 88% for CART, 90% for CHAID, 91.67% for C5.0, and 86.11% for Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis. Therefore, the Decision Tree’s algorithm shows a better result in forecasting than the Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis.
Against Preservation
Authors: Mandelkern Matthew , Khoo Justin 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Bradley (2000) offers a quick and convincing argument that no Boolean semantic theory for conditionals can validate a very natural principle concerning the relationship between credences and conditionals. We argue that Bradley’s principle, Preservation, is, in fact, invalid; its appeal arises from the validity of a nearby, but distinct, principle, which we call Local Preservation, and which Boolean semantic theories can non-trivially validate.
Identification of phenol- and p-cresol-producing intestinal bacteria by using media supplemented with tyrosine and its metabolites
Authors: Saito Yuki , Sato Tadashi , Nomoto Koji , Tsuji Hirokazu 
Published: June 2018

AbstractTo identify intestinal bacteria that produce phenols (phenol and p-cresol), we screened 153 strains within 152 species in 44 genera by culture-based assay using broth media supplemented with 200 µM each of tyrosine and its predicted microbial metabolic intermediates (4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate, DL-4-hydroxyphenyllactate, 3-(p-hydroxyphenyl)propionate, 4-hydroxyphenylacetate and 4-hydroxybenzoate). Phenol-producing activity was found in 36 strains and p-cresol-producing activity in 55 strains. Fourteen strains had both types of activity. Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequences of strains that produced 100 µM or more of phenols revealed that 16 phenol producers belonged to the Coriobacteriaceae, Enterobacteriaceae, Fusobacteriaceae and Clostridium clusters I and XIVa; four p-cresol-producing bacteria belonged to the Coriobacteriaceae and Clostridium clusters XI and XIVa; and one strain producing both belonged to the Coriobacteriaceae. A genomic search for protein homologs of enzymes involved in the metabolism of tyrosine to phenols in 10 phenol producers and four p-cresol producers, the draft genomes of which were available in public databases, predicted that phenol producers harbored tyrosine phenol-lyase or hydroxyarylic acid decarboxylase, or both, and p-cresol producers harbored p-hydroxyphenylacetate decarboxylase or tyrosine lyase, or both. These results provide important information about the bacterial strains that contribute to production of phenols in the intestine.
The Women, Peace, and Security Agenda and Feminist Institutionalism: A Research Agenda
Authors: Thomson Jennifer 
Published: June 2018

AbstractSince the inception of United Nations Security Council Resolution 1325 (UNSCR 1325) in 2000, feminist academia has been closely interested in the developing women, peace, and security (WPS) agenda in international affairs. The majority of this work has emerged from within feminist international relations (Mcleod 2015; Shepherd 2008) and feminist legal studies. Less attention has been paid to the WPS agenda by feminist political science. As a result, less consideration has been given to political institutions within the WPS framework.This paper argues that the design and implementation of postconflict political institutions is an important component of the WPS agenda and one which deserves greater attention. It demonstrates that using certain tenets of feminist political science, and feminist institutionalism in particular, can offer key insights into greater understanding of the importance of political institutions within postconflict societies.The article illustrates how political institutions have been underconsidered within academic work on the WPS agenda. It then argues that political institutions are an important part of the puzzle when it comes to implementing the WPS agenda. It shows how feminist institutional theory can help to provide key insights into the nature of postconflict institutions.
The Lyric Past
Authors: Spelman Henry 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Whereas the last two chapters focused on epinician, Chapter VIII expands the scope of inquiry and studies the lyric past in Pindar most generally. Section 1 discusses the mainly fragmentary evidence for his knowledge and use of the history of lyric. Section 2 interprets three epinicians which prominently engage with the work of other lyric poets (Pythian 2, Pythian 1, and Isthmian 2). Pindar defines his authorial project through comparisons with some of the most distinguished lyric voices of the past including Archilochus, Simonides, and Anacreon. Drawing on the arguments of the last three chapters and offering a conclusion, Section 3 describes Pindar’s vision of the poetic world, both past and present, and clarifies how a sense of literary history shapes the meaning of his authorial project.
Epilogue
Authors: Spelman Henry 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
This epilogue briefly highlights the unity of this work as a whole and then takes a broader view over ancient literature in order to trace some potential connections between Pindar and other sorts of poetry, both earlier and later. The Pindar who emerges from this monograph is a poet who looks with supreme self-consciousness to the past, the present, and the future simultaneously. To grasp Pindar’s vision of his place in the traditions of archaic poetry may in the end help us to see better how and why he eventually came to hold such a central place in the Graeco-Roman literary tradition as a whole.
Why a Kinetic Theory of Fluids?
Authors: Succi Sauro 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Fluid flows are a pervasive presence across most branches of human activity, including daily life. Although the basic equations governing the motion of fluid flows are known for two centuries (1822), since the work of Claude–Louis Navier (1785–1836) and Gabriel Stokes (1819–1903), these equations still set a formidable challenge to the quantitative, and sometimes even qualitative, understanding of the way fluid matter flows in space and time. Meteorological phenomena are among the most popular examples in point, but the challenge extends to many otherinstances of collective fluid motion, both in classical and quantum physics. This Chapter presents the Navier–Stokes equations of fluid mechanics and discuss the main motivations behind the kinetic approach to computational fluid dynamics.
Model Boltzmann Equations
Authors: Succi Sauro 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
This chapter deals with simplified models of the Boltzmann equation, aimed at reducing its mathematical complexity, while still retaining the most salient physical features. As observed many times in this book, the Boltzmann equation is all but an easy equation to solve. The situation surely improves by moving to its linearized version, but even then, a lot of painstaking labor is usually involved in deriving special solutions for the problem at hand. In order to ease this state of affairs, in the mid-fifties, stylized models of the Boltzmann equations were formulated, with the main intent of providing facilitated access to the main qualitative aspects of the actual solutions of the Boltzmann equation, without facing head-on with its mathematical complexity. As it is always the case with models, the art is not to throw away the baby with the tub water.
Numerical Methods for the Kinetic Theory of Fluids
Authors: Succi Sauro 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
This chapter provides a bird’s eye view of the main numerical particle methods used in the kinetic theory of fluids, the main purpose being of locating Lattice Boltzmann in the broader context of computational kinetic theory. The leading numerical methods for dense and rarified fluids are Molecular Dynamics (MD) and Direct Simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC), respectively. These methods date of the mid 50s and 60s, respectively, and, ever since, they have undergone a series of impressive developments and refinements which have turned them in major tools of investigation, discovery and design. However, they are both very demanding on computational grounds, which motivates a ceaseless demand for new and improved variants aimed at enhancing their computational efficiency without losing physical fidelity and vice versa, enhance their physical fidelity without compromising computational viability.
Lattice Boltzmann Models without Underlying Boolean Microdynamics
Authors: Succi Sauro 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Chapter 12 showed how to circumvent two major stumbling blocks of the LGCA approach: statistical noise and exponential complexity of the collision rule. Yet, the ensuing LB still remains connected to low Reynolds flows, due to the low collisionality of the underlying LGCA rules. The high-viscosity barrier was broken just a few months later, when it was realized how to devise LB models top-down, i.e., based on the macroscopic hydrodynamic target, rather than bottom-up, from underlying microdynamics. Most importantly, besides breaking the low-Reynolds barrier, the top-down approach has proven very influential for many subsequent developments of the LB method to this day.
Lattice Relaxation Schemes
Authors: Succi Sauro 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
In Chapter 13, it was shown that the complexity of the LBE collision operator can be cut down dramatically by formulating discrete versions with prescribed local equilibria. In this chapter, the process is taken one step further by presenting a minimal formulation whereby the collision matrix is reduced to the identity, upfronted by a single relaxation parameter, fixing the viscosity of the lattice fluid. The idea is patterned after the celebrated Bhatnagar–Gross–Krook (BGK) model Boltzmann introduced in continuum kinetic theory as early as 1954. The second part of the chapter describes the comeback of the early LBE in optimized multi-relaxation form, as well as few recent variants hereof.
The Hermite–Gauss Route to LBE
Authors: Succi Sauro 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
This chapter describes the side-up approach to Lattice Boltzmann, namely the formal derivation from the continuum Boltzmann-(BGK) equation via Hermite projection and subsequent evaluation of the kinetic moments via Gauss–Hermite quadrature. From a slightly different angle, one may also interpret the Gauss–Hermite quadrature as an optimal sampling of velocity space, or, better still, an exact sampling of the bulk of the distribution function, the one contributing most to the lowest order kinetic moments (frequent events). Capturing higher–order moments, beyond hydrodynamics (rare events), requires an increasing number of nodes and weights.
Boundary Conditions
Authors: Succi Sauro 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
The actual dynamics of fluid flows is highly dependent on the surrounding environment, whose influence is mathematically described through the prescription of suitable boundary conditions. Boundary conditions play a crucial role, as they select solutions which are compatible with external constraints. Accounting for these constraints may be comparatively simple for idealized geometries but for general ones it represents a delicate (and sometimes nerve-probing!) task. In fact, the treatment of the boundary conditions often makes the difference in the quality of fluid dynamic simulations. This chapter illustrates the most common ways to impose boundary conditions to LB flows. The subject is very technical and has grown considerably for the past decade, which means that this chapter can only serve as a guiding introduction to the vast and still growing original literature.
Flows at Moderate Reynolds Numbers
Authors: Succi Sauro 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
This chapter presents the application of LBE to flows at moderate Reynolds numbers, typically hundreds to thousands. This is an important area of theoretical and applied fluid mechanics, one that relates, for instance, to the onset of nonlinear instabilities and their effects on the transport properties of the unsteady flow configuration. The regime of Reynolds numbers at which these instabilities take place is usually not very high, of the order of thousands, hence basically within reach of present day computer capabilities. Nonetheless, following the full evolution of these transitional flows requires very long-time integrations with short time-steps, which command substantial computational power. Therefore, efficient numerical methods are in great demand. Also of major interest are steady-state or pulsatile flows at moderate Reynolds numbers in complex geometries, such as they occur, for instance, in hemodynamic applications. The application of LBE to such flows will also briefly be mentioned