bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MiR-190a Potentially Ameliorates Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction by Regulating Tiam1
Authors: Liu Qiang , Hou Aisheng , Zhang Yongyi , Guo Ying , Li Jingjing , Yao Yinghao , Niu Kaimeng , Li Hao , Ma Yunlong , Cao Jiangbei 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) affects a large number of post-surgery patients, especially for the elderly. However, the etiology of this neurocognitive disorder is largely unknown. Even if several studies have reported a small number of miRNAs as the essential modulatory factors in POCD, these findings are still rather limited. In this study, we used two miRNA microarray datasets to perform differential expression analyses of miRNAs in the hippocampus of POCD model mice. We found that nine miRNAs showed significant associations with POCD in both datasets. Among these miRNAs, mmu-miR-190a-3p was the most significant one. By performing weighted gene co-expression network analysis, we found 25 co-expression modules, of which mmu-miR-190a-3p was significantly anti-correlated with the red module. Moreover, in this red module, 314 genes were significantly enriched in four pathways such as axon guidance and calcium signaling pathway, which are well-documented to be associated with psychiatric disorders and brain development. Also, 169 of the 314 genes were highly correlated with mmu-miR-190a-3p, and four genes (Sphkap, Arhgef25, Tiam1, and Ntrk3) had putative binding sites at 3'-UTR of mmu-miR-190a-3p. Based on protein-protein network analysis, we detected that Tiam1 was a central gene regulated by the mmu-miR-190a-3p. Taken together, we conclude that mmu-miR-190a-3p is involved in the etiology of POCD and may serve as a novel predictive indicator for POCD.
A small dose of remifentanil pretreatment suppresses sufentanil-induced cough during general anesthesia induction: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
Authors: Lin Wendong , Sun Jiehao , Fu Shuying 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background: Intravenous use of sufentanil can elicit cough. This study aimed to evaluate the inhibitory effect of pre-injection of a mall dose of remifentanil on sufentanil-induced cough during the induction of general anesthesia.
Methods: This prospective, randomized, controlled trial was conducted from January 10, 2019 to March 01, 2019. A total of 100 patients undergoing elective surgery under general anesthesia were enrolled, and at last 84 patients were included and randomly allocated into two equal size groups (n=42): Patients in the Remifentanil group (R group) received an intravenous infusion of remifentanil 0.3 µg/kg (diluted to 2 ml) 1 minute before sufentanil injection; patients in the Control group (C group) received 2 ml of normal saline (NS) at the same time point. Injections of patients in both groups were completed within 5 seconds. Then, sufentanil 0.5 µg/kg was injected within 5 seconds and the number of coughs that occurred within 1 minute after sufentanil injection were recorded. One minute after sufentanil injection, etomidate 0.3 mg/kg and cisatracurium 0.15 mg/kg were given for general anesthesia induction irrespective of the presence or absence of cough. The mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR) at time points just before remifentanil pretreatment administration (T0), 3 minutes after administration (T1), 1 minute after intubation (T2), and 3 minutes after intubation (T3) were recorded.
Results: The incidence of cough in patients in the R group and C group was 4.8% and 31%, respectively. Compared with group C, the incidence and severity of cough in group R was significantly lower (P <0.01). No significant differences were observed in MAP and HR at the time of general anesthesia induction between the two groups (P> 0.05).
Conclusion: Pretreatment with a small dose of remifentanil effectively and safely reduced the incidence and severity of cough induced by sufentanil during anesthesia induction and can be used as an alternative treatment to inhibit coughing caused by sufentanil.
Exploring transcriptomic landscapes in red blood cells, in their extracellular vesicles and on a single-cell level
Authors: Kerkelä Erja , Lahtela Jenni , Larjo Antti , Impola Ulla , Mäenpää Laura , Mattila Pirkko 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background Circulating human red blood cells (RBCs) consist of mature erythrocytes and immature reticulocytes. Being anucleated, RBCs lack typical transcriptomes, but are known to contain small amounts of diverse long transcripts and microRNAs. However, the exact role and importance of these RNAs is lacking. Results To study this further, we explored the transcriptomes of RBCs and extracellular vesicles (EVs) of RBCs using next-generation sequencing. Furthermore, to understand the dynamics of the RBC transcriptome, we performed single-cell RNA sequencing on RBCs. An analysis of the single-cell transcriptomes revealed that approximately 10% of the cells contained detectable levels of mRNA and fell into three subpopulations based on their transcriptomes. Decrease in the mRNA quantity was observed across the populations. Qualitative changes included the differences in the globin transcripts and changes in the expression of ribosomal genes. A specific short splice form of a long non-coding RNA, Metastasis Associated Lung Adenocarcinoma Transcript 1 (MALAT1), was the most enriched marker in one subpopulation of RBCs, co-expressing with ribosomal structural transcripts. MALAT1 expression was confirmed by qPCR in CD71-enriched reticulocytes, which were also characterized with imaging flow cytometry at single cell level. Conclusions Analysis of the RBC transcriptome shows enrichment of pathways and functional categories required for the maturation of reticulocytes and erythrocyte functions. The RBC transcriptome was detected in their EVs, proposing vesiculation as a mechanism to remove the cellular contents from RBCs throughout their life cycle. Our experiments on single cell level revealed that lncRNA MALAT1 is the marker for one of the three RBC populations co-expressing with a group of ribosomal protein transcripts.
Comparative analysis of RNA-sequencing in intraocular tumors
Authors: Yang Yang , Mei Qi 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background: Intraocular tumors are a class of serious diseases which may cause blindness and disability. This study aims to explore the underlying mechanisms of gene regulation in intraocular tumors.Methods: In this study, we firstly adopted RNA-sequencing technology to screen the differentially expressed genes in OCM-1 and Y79 cells compared with HRECs.Results: We found 8424 differentially expressed genes (4665 downregulated and 3759 upregulated) in OCM-1 cells compared with HRECs cells, and 7486 differentially expressed genes (4250 downregulated and 3236 upregulated) in Y79 cells compared with HRECs cells. In addition, the GO (Gene Ontology) terms was used to predict the potential functions of these differentially expressed genes and KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) was used to analyze the potential functions of these genes in the pathways. Furthermore, we identified the Top differentially expressed genes by using qRT-PCR assay in intraocular tumors. Conclusions: Here, we fully exposed the differentially expressed genes in intraocular tumor cell lines, which will improve understanding for gene regulation in intraocular tumors.
Diagnostic accuracy of history taking, physical examination and imaging for phalangeal, metacarpal and carpal fractures: a systematic review update.
Authors: Krastman Patrick , Mathijssen Nina M. , Bierma-Zeinstra Sita M.A. , Kraan Gerald , Runhaar Jos 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background The standard diagnostic work-up for hand and wrist fractures consists of history taking, physical examination and imaging if needed, but the supporting evidence for this work-up is limited. The purpose of this study was to systematically examine the diagnostic accuracy of tests for hand and wrist fractures. Methods A systematic search for relevant studies was performed. Methodological quality was assessed and sensitivity (Se), specificity (Sp), accuracy, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) were extracted from the eligible studies. Results Of the 35 eligible studies, one described the diagnostic accuracy of history taking for hand and wrist fractures. Physical examination with or without radiological examination for diagnosing scaphoid fractures (five studies) showed Se, Sp, accuracy, PPV and NPV ranging from 15-100%, 13-98%, 55-73%, 14-73% and 75-100%, respectively. Physical examination with radiological examination for diagnosing other carpal bone fractures (one study) showed a Se of 100%, with the exception of the triquetrum (75%). Physical examination for diagnosing phalangeal and metacarpal fractures (one study) showed Se, Sp, accuracy, PPV and NPV ranging from 26-55%, 13-89%, 45-76%, 41-77% and 63-75%, respectively. Imaging modalities of scaphoid fractures showed predominantly low values for PPV and the highest values for Sp and NPV (24 studies). Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), Computed Tomography (CT), Ultrasonography (US) and Bone Scintigraphy (BS) were comparable in diagnostic accuracy for diagnosing a scaphoid fracture, with an accuracy ranging from 85-100%, 79-100%, 49-100% and 86-97%, respectively. Imaging for metacarpal and finger fractures showed Se, Sp, accuracy, PPV and NPV ranging from 73-100%, 78-100%, 70-100%, 79-100% and 70-100%, respectively. Conclusions Only one study was found on the diagnostic accuracy of history taking for hand and wrist fractures in the current review. Physical examination was of moderate use for diagnosing a scaphoid fracture and of limited use for diagnosing phalangeal, metacarpal and remaining carpal fractures. MRI, CT and BS were found to be moderately accurate for the definitive diagnosis of clinically suspected carpal fractures.
Prevalence and Associated Factors of Low Back Pain Among Hairdressers in Female Beauty Salons of Mekelle City, Tigray, Ethiopia; Cross-Sectional Study.
Authors: Tsegay Gebrerufael Solomon , Gebremeskel Berihu Fisseha , Gezahegn Selam Desalegn , Teklemichael Desalegn Massa 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Abstract Background: Low back pain is one of the most prevalent musculoskeletal conditions and the most common cause of disability. Hairdressers are one of the high-risk professionals for work-related musculoskeletal disorders like low back pain. However, studies on the prevalence and associated factors of low back pain among hairdressers are scarce. The objective of the current study is to assess the prevalence and associated factors of low back pain among hairdressers in female beauty salons of the Mekelle City, Tigray, Ethiopia. Method: An institutional-based cross-sectional study was employed from January 05 up to February 28, 2018. The sample (n=344) hairdressers were selected randomly from all-female beauty salons of Mekelle city. A structured questionnaire adapted from a standardized Nordic questionnaire and other similar studies was used. Binary logistic regression analysis was performed to identify factors associated with low back pain. The Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) with a 95% Confidence Interval (CI) was estimated to show the strength of association. A p-value of < 0.05 was used to declare statistical significance. Result: A total of 314 hairdressers participated, with a 91.3% response rate. The study found that the self-reported 12 months prevalence of low back pain was (47.5 %) with 95%CI (41.8- 53.1). Awkward way working posture [AOR: 2.6, 95%CI (1.41- 4.62)], working greater than 4 days in a week [AOR: 7.98, 95%CI (2.54-25.09], hair washing job category [AOR: 4.35, 95%CI (1.87-10.12)], having adjustable washing basin [AOR: 0.30, 95%CI (0.151-0.587)] and job stress [AOR: 2.75, 95%CI (1.61-4.72)] were factors that shows a statically significant association with low back pain. Conclusion: This study found that almost half of the hairdressers developed work-related low back pain in the last 12 months. Awkward posture, working days per week, hair washing job category, adjustable height washing basin and job stress show a significant association with low back pain. To address the problem responsible body needed to promote health and prevent low back pain among hairdressers by paying great attention to the prevalent problem and the identified risk factors. Keywords : Low back pain, Hairdresser, Musculoskeletal disorder.
Whether Evacuation surgery should be the first step for Postoperative Delayed Lumbar Epidural Hematomas?A Retrospective Comparative Study
Authors: Cao Liangliang , Liu Yumei , Guo Rundong , Xu Jianguang , Mei Wei , Yang Erzhu , Lian Xiaofeng 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background To analyze the efficacy and necessity of multiple lumbar punctures for postoperative delayed lumbar epidural hematoma(PDLEH).Methods Patients who underwent lumbar spinal surgeries between 2012 and 2016 at our institution, were reviewed through their medical records. For patients with PDLEH, the therapies, duration to onset(DO), duration from onset to intervention (DOI), symptoms (ASIA grade), neurological outcomes, VAS before and after treatment were examined. Only patients that received evacuation surgery(Group A) or mutiple lumbar punctures(MLP)(Group B) were included. We compared ASIA grade and VAS before and after treatment, DOI between the two therapies, and analyzed the correlation among the parameters.Results 15 cases(Group A) were performed with emergent surgical evacuation of the hematoma, and 16 cases(Group B) were treated with lumbar MLP at surgical site. The DOIs were 10.87±6.14h in group A and 2.05±5.33 in group B(P=0,P<0.05.). Preoperative neurological status in Group A were slighter than that in Group B.(P=0,P<0.05.). There was significant difference on VAS after treatment (P=0,P<0.05). Correlation analysis revealed that DOI were significantly positively correlated with neurological state before interventions (r=0.672, p=0,). In Group A, neurological outcomes at 2 years follow-up were correlated significantly with DOI (r=0.594, p=002) and neurological state before reoperation (r=0.665,p=0.007,). And in Group B, the correlation coefficient of neurological state and neurological outcomes at 2 years follow-up was r=o.584 (p=0.02),while there was no correlation between neurological outcomes and DOI(r=0.158,p=0.558).Conclusions In addition to serving as a timely, minimally invasive treatment, MLP could also serve as a preliminary measure during preoperative preparation before surgical evacuation.
Using propensity for pre-diagnosis behavior as a predictor of cancer survival time: an example in esophageal cancer.
Authors: Fahey Paul Patrick , Page Andrew , Stone Glenn , Astell-Burt Thomas 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background: Information on the associations between pre-diagnosis health behavior and post-diagnosis survival time in esophageal cancer could assist in choosing treatments and planning health services but can be difficult to obtain using established study designs. We postulated that, with a large data set, using estimated propensity for a behavior as a predictor of survival times could provide useful insight as to the impact of actual behavior. Methods: Data from a national health survey and logistic regression were used to calculate the propensity of selected health behaviors from participant’s demographic characteristics for each esophageal cancer case within a large cancer registry data base. The associations between survival time and the propensity of the health behaviors were investigated using Cox regression. Results: Observed associations include: a 0.1 increase in the probability of smoking one year prior to diagnosis was detrimental to survival (Hazard Ratio (HR) 1.21, 95% CI 1.19,1.23); a 0.1 increase in the probability of hazardous alcohol consumption 10 years prior to diagnosis was associated with decreased survival in squamous cell cancer (HR 1.29, 95% CI 1.07, 1.56) but not adenocarcinoma (HR 1.08, 95% CI 0.94,1.25); a 0.1 increase in the probability of physical activity outside the workplace is protective (HR 0.83, 95% CI 0.81,0.84). Conclusions: We conclude that propensity for health behavior estimated from demographic characteristics can assist in determining existence of the association between pre-diagnosis health behavior and post-diagnosis health outcomes, allowing some sharing information across otherwise unrelated data collections.
True and False Positive Rates for Different Criteria of Evaluating Statistical Evidence from Clinical Trials
Authors: Ravenzwaaij Don van , Ioannidis John P A 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background: Until recently a typical rule that has often been often used for the endorsement of new medications by the Food and Drug Administration has been the existence of at least two statistically significant clinical trials favoring the new medication. This rule has consequences for the true positive (endorsement of an effective treatment) and false positive (endorsement of an ineffective treatment) rates. Methods: In this paper, we compare true positive and false positive rates for different evaluation criteria through simulations that rely on (1) conventional p -values; (2) confidence intervals based on meta-analyses assuming fixed or random effects; and (3) Bayes factors. We varied threshold levels for statistical evidence, and thresholds for what constitutes a clinically meaningful treatment effect. Results: Our results show that Bayes factors, meta-analytic confidence intervals, and p-values often have similar performance. Bayes factors may perform better when trials have small sample sizes and clinically meaningful effects are not small, particularly in fields where the number of non-zero effects is relatively large. Conclusions: Thinking about realistic effect sizes in conjunction with desirable levels of statistical evidence, as well as quantifying statistical evidence with Bayes factors may help improve decision-making in some circumstances.
The Utility of Multi-Stack Alignment and 3D Longitudinal Image Registration to Assess Bone Remodeling in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients from Second Generation HR-pQCT Scans
Authors: Brunet Scott C , Kuczynski Michael T , Bhatla Jennifer L , Lemay Sophie , Pauchard Yves , Salat Peter , Barnabe Cheryl , Manske Sarah Lynn 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background: Medical imaging plays an important role in determining the progression of joint damage in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). High resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT) is a sensitive tool capable of evaluating bone microarchitecture and erosions, and 3D rigid image registration can be used to visualize and quantify bone remodeling over time. However, patient motion during image acquisition can cause a “stack shift” artifact resulting in loss of information and reducing the number of erosions that can be analyzed using HR-pQCT. The purpose of this study was to use image registration to improve the number of useable HR-pQCT scans and to apply image-based bone remodeling assessment to the metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joints of RA patients. Methods: Ten participants with RA completed HR-pQCT scans of the 2 nd and 3 rd MCP joints at enrolment to the study and at a 6-month follow-up interval. At 6-months, an additional repeat scan was acquired to evaluate reliability. HR-pQCT images were acquired in three individual 1 cm acquisitions (stacks) with a 25% overlap. We completed analysis first using standard evaluation methods, and second with multi-stack registration. We assessed whether additional erosions could be evaluated after multi-stack registration. Bone remodeling analysis was completed using registration and transformation of baseline and follow-up images. We calculated the bone formation and resorption volume fractions with 6-month follow-up, and same-day repositioning as a negative control. Results: 13/57 (23%) of erosions could not be analyzed from raw images due to a stack shift artifact. All erosions could be volumetrically assessed after multi-stack registration. We observed that there was a median bone formation fraction of 2.1% and resorption fraction of 3.8% in RA patients over the course of 6 months. In contrast to the same-day rescan negative control, we observed median bone formation and resorption fractions of 0%. Conclusions: Multi-stack image registration is a useful tool to improve the number of useable scans when analyzing erosions using HR-pQCT. Further, image registration can be used to longitudinally assess bone remodeling. These methods could be implemented in future studies to provide important pathophysiological information on the progression of bone damage.
Factors associated with the self-management practices of Type 2 diabetes among the middle-aged population of rural area of Pakistan
Authors: Ansari Rashid M , Harris Mark , Hosseinzadeh Hassan , Zwar Nicholas 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background: This study is aimed at identifying the factors associated with the self-management practices of type 2 diabetes among the middle-aged population of rural area of Pakistan.Methods: The sample of participants was purposively recruited from the medical clinic of rural area of Pakistan. The participants (n=200) recruited were asked to complete the questionnaire following their informed consents. The study questionnaire consisted of three main sections: socio-demographics, the Urdu-version of Summary of Diabetes Self-care Activities (U-SDSCA), and the extended version of U-SDSCA. In addition, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level results were obtained from the medical clinic. The study explored the factors associated with the self-management practices of type 2 diabetes among the middle-aged population of rural area of Pakistan.Results: The current study has demonstrated that self-management activities level among the patients of type 2 diabetes in the rural area of Pakistan was not achieved in majority of patients, and that glycemic control was unsatisfactory. The medications sub-scale mean (Mean: 6.17 ± 1.18 SD) was the highest among all the U-SDSCA instrument sub-scales. The results of blood glucose monitoring subscale revealed that longer duration of diabetes ≥8 years) was associated significantly with poor glycemic control (Diff= -.299; p = .120).The multivariate regression analysis revealed that the participants’ characteristics accounted for 21% of the variability in the total self-management score (R²=0.211). In addition, women were more inclined to undertake appropriate diabetes self-management activities (β .302; p = .001). Conclusion: This study has identified the factors associated with the self-management activities among the patients with type 2 diabetes in rural area of Pakistan. In order to overcome the influence of these factors, healthcare professionals should pay special attention to the patients of middle-aged population of rural area of Pakistan and provide them educational programme that emphasizes lifestyle modification with importance of adherence to treatment and encourage them to make diabetes self-management activities as part of their day to day life.