bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bestandsprobleme mit möglicher Beteiligung von Clostridium botulinum in bayerischen Milchkuhbetrieben
Authors: Ramona Bechter Martina , Moder Siegfried , Metzner Moritz , Mansfeld Rolf , Sauter-Louis Carola , Öhm Andreas , Knubben-Schweizer Gabriela 
Published: October 2018

Zusammenfassung
Ziel: Erhebung der Wahrnehmung bayerischer Rinderpraktiker bezüglich „Clostridiosen“ in Milchkuhbeständen. Material und Methoden: In einer zweiteiligen telefonischen Fragebogenstudie wurde konkret nach 12 Bestandsproblemen gefragt, wobei fünf als Haupt- und sieben als Nebenkriterien zur Inklusion in den zweiten, speziellen Teil der Studie definiert wurden. Hauptsächlich ging es um Erkrankungen, die in Verdacht stehen, in Zusammenhang mit chronischen Clostri-dium-botulinum-Infektionen aufzutreten. Zur Befragung im speziellen Teil wurde pro Praxis der Betrieb mit Erfüllung der meisten Hauptkriterien ausgewählt. Ergebnisse: Im allgemeinen Teil der Befragung gaben 38 (37 %) der 104 teilnehmenden Tierärzte an, keine dem zuvor beschriebenen Krankheitsbild zuzuordnenden Problembetriebe zu betreuen. Als Problembetriebe wurden 532 (5 %) der insgesamt 10187 betreuten Betriebe eingestuft. Von den 104 Teilnehmern erklärten 53, Betriebe mit Hauptkriterien-Bestandsproblemen zu betreuen. Für die ausgewählten 53 Betriebe ergaben sich als häufigste genannte Hauptkriterien (Mehrfachnennungen möglich) vermehrt festliegende Kühe (73 %), vermehrt chronisch kranke Tiere (66 %) und hohe Abgangsraten (66 %). Unter den Nebenkriterien dominierten Lahmheiten und Ataxien (70 %), Euterprobleme (69 %) sowie Stoffwechselprobleme (68 %). Die Haltungsbedingungen der Milchkühe beurteilten die Tierärzte in 49 % der 53 Bestände als „mäßig“ und „schlecht“. Die Fütterung schätzten 91 % der Teilnehmer als „eher gut“, „gut“ und „sehr gut“ ein. Die in 11 Betrieben eingeleiteten Untersuchungen auf Clostridium spp. ergaben in sieben Betrieben positive Resultate . Schlussfolgerung: Tierärzte in Bayern sind häufig mit diversen tiergesundheitlichen Problemen in rinderhaltenden Betrieben konfrontiert. Dennoch steht selbst in Betrieben mit Symptomen des in der Literatur beschriebenen Krankheitsbildes des „chronischen Botulismus“ selten der Verdacht auf eine Beteiligung von C. botulinum im Vordergrund, sondern vielmehr Haltungsprobleme.
Ein Vergleich verschiedener Abferkelsysteme
Authors: Berensmann Isabell , Klein Sandrina , Reese Sven , Erhard Michael , Patzkéwitsch Dorian 
Published: October 2018

Zusammenfassung
Ziel dieser Studie war zu ermitteln, ob mit einem 3-Achsen-Beschleunigungssensorlogger (MSR® 145B V5.106, MSR Electronics GmbH, Seuzach, Schweiz) kontinuierlich die Aktivität von Sauen um den Abferkelzeitraum aufgezeichnet und dargestellt werden kann. Dabei wurden eine stehende Position als Aktivität und nichtstehende Positionen als Ruhe definiert. Material und Methoden: Der Feldversuch fand von April 2016 bis Januar 2017 (sechs Durchgänge, 39 Sauen) statt. Die Sauen wurden in alternativen Buchten mit einem zu öffnenden Stand („Petra” [P] und „Freya” [F]) bzw. im Kastenstand (K) gehalten. Die temporäre Fixation ab dem Tag der Einstallung wurde in P und F durchschnittlich 10 Tage (± 2,9) nach der Geburt beendet. Mithilfe des Loggers erfolgte eine Aufzeichnung des Verhaltens (stehen/nicht stehen). Anhand der Messdaten wurde für jede Sau über einen Zeitraum von 5 Wochen (sekündliche Messung) ein individuelles Rohdatenprofil mit über 2,5 Millionen Messwerten erstellt und dieses in fünf Phasen (drei in Fixation, Tag der Standöffnung und eine Phase nach der Öffnung) unterteilt. Ergebnisse: Die Sauen in F zeigten in jeder Phase (außer Tag 0) die höchste durchschnittliche Aktivität. In Phase 2 (Abferkelung) wiesen alle Sauen, unabhängig vom System, eine erhöhte Aktivität auf (P: 9,5 %, F: 8,1 %, K: 8,8 %). Diese fiel nach der Geburt (Phase 3) stark ab, nahm im Verlauf dieser Phase jedoch wieder zu. Am Tag der Standöffnung (Phase 4) stieg die Aktivität der Sauen in P und F sprunghaft an (P: 7,9 %, F: 8,0 %). Nach der Standöffnung (Phase 5) war bei den Sauen in F die höchste Aktivität zu verzeichnen (8,3 %). Schlussfolgerung und klinische Relevanz: Die Studie zeigte, dass eine Datensammlung mittels Beschleunigungssensorlogger möglich war. In den alternativen Abferkelbuchten hatten die Sauen in allen definierten Phasen im Vergleich zu K ein höheres Maß an Aktivität. Das nach Beendigung der Fixation größere Platzangebot, das auch ein Drehen der Sau ermöglichte, kann als Fortschritt für eine verhaltensgerechtere Unterbringung betrachtet werden.
Renal kitle nedeniyle radikal nefrektomi yapılan hastaların tümör karakteristiklerinin değerlendirilmesi; 18 yıllık sonuçlarımız
Authors: UÇAR Murat , SOYUPEK Sedat , OKSAY Taylan , ÖZORAK Alper , GÜZEL Ahmet , ÖZTÜRK Sefa Alperen , DEMİR Murat , KOŞAR Alim 
Published: October 2018

Amaç: Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Tıp
Fakültesi’nde 18 yıllık süreçte böbrekte kitle nedeniyle radikal nefrektomi
yapılan hastaların demografik özelliklerinin, tümör histopatolojilerinin ve
bunların birbirleriyle ilişkisinin incelenmesi.

Gereç ve Yöntem: Şubat 2000- Kasım2017 arasında Süleyman
Demirel Üniversitesi Üroloji Klinigi’ne başvuran ve böbrekte kitle tanısıyla
radikal nefrektomi yapılan 245 hastanın verileri incelendi. Hastaların yaşı,
cinsiyeti, preoperatif görüntülemedeki lezyon boyutu, patolojik lezyon boyutu,
patolojik tanısı, varsa histolojik subtipi ve fuhrman derecesi, mikrovasküler
invazyon, sinir invazyonu, sürrenal invazyonu, lenf nodu invazyonu, tümör nekrozu,
eşlik eden piyelonefrit verileri değerlendirildi. Hastaların demografik
özelliklerinin yanısıra, yaş ile klinik tümör evresi arasındaki ilişki, histolojik subtip ile patolojik evre arasındaki ilişki,
metastaz ile tümör boyutu arasındaki ilişki, tümör nekrozu ile patolojik evre
arasındaki ilişki, tümöre eşlik eden piyelonefrit ile patolojik evre arasındaki
ilişki, mikrovasküler invazyon ile
patolojik evre arasındaki ilişki ve sinir invazyonu ile patolojik evre
arasındaki ilişkiler iki değişkenli korelasyon analizi ile ayrı ayrı değerlendirildi. Anlamlılık değeri olarak p&lt;0,05 kabul edildi. Anlamlı saptanan ilişkilerin basit
doğrusal regresyon analizi ile
anlamlılık dereceleri (r değerleri) saptandı.

Bulgular: İncelenen 245 hastanın ortalama yaşı
61,26 olarak bulundu. Renal kitle nedeniyle opere edilen hastalardan; 202
hastada (%82,44) renal hücreli karsinom (RHK), 13 hastada (%5,30) RHK dışı kanser (skuamöz hücreli ya
da transizyonel hücreli), 11 (%4,48) hastada onkositom, 1 (%0,40) hastada
anjiyomiyolipom, 3 (%1,22) hastada adenom, 6 (%2,44) hastada piyelonefrit, 9
(%3,67) hastada komplike kist saptandı. En
büyük tümör boyutları alındığında ortalama tümör boyutu 7,21 cm olarak bulundu. 38 hastada renal kitle ≤4 cm (T1a), 90 hastada &gt;4- ≤7
cm arasında (T1b), 77 hastada &gt;7- ≤ 10 cm (T2a), 40 hastada 10 cm den büyük
(T2b) saptandı. Metastaz
olan 26 hastada fuhrman derecesi 3 ya da 4, 8 hastada fuhrman derecesi 1 ya da
2 olarak bulundu. Klinik tümör evresi ile yaş arasında bir ilişki saptanmadı.
Histolojik subtip ile patolojik evre arasında bir ilişki saptanmadı.
Metastaz ile tümör boyutu arasında herhangi bir ilişki saptanmadı. Fuhrman
derecesi ile patolojik evre arasında anlamlı derecede korelasyon saptandı.
Tümör nekrozu, mikrovasküler invazyon ve sinir invazyonu ile patolojik evre
arasında korelasyon saptandı. Eşlik eden piyelonefrit ile patolojik evre
arasında herhangi bir ilişki saptanmadı.

Sonuç: Renal kitlelerin patolojik tanı ve
tedavisinde radikal nefrektomi önemli bir yer tutmaktadır. Tümörün klinik evresine ve histopatolojik özelliklerine bakarak agresifliği hakkında kolayca bilgi
edinilebilir.
Predictors of poor outcomes in acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Soe A. K. , Avdeev S. N. , Nuralieva G. S. , Gaynitdinova V. V. , Chuchalin A. G. 
Published: October 2018

The aimof this study was to identify predictors of poor outcomes in patients hospitalized for severe acute exacerbation of COPD (AECOPD).Methods. This retrospective, observational cohort study was conducted in Pulmonology Department of a city hospital in 2015 – 2016 and involved patients hospitalized for severe AECOPD. Patients were divided according to outcomes. Poor outcomes included at least one of the followings: the need in invasive (IMV) or non-invasive (NIV) ventilation, admission to ICU, in-hospital death and COPD- related readmission during 2 months. Demographic, clinical, laboratory parameters, pulmonary function tests and blood gas analysis were analyzed; different multidimensional prognostic scores were also evaluated and compared.Results. Of 121 patients included, a poor outcome had occurred in 45 patients (37%). Among them, NIV was required in 21 (17%), IMV in 8 (6%), and admission to ICU in 16 patients (13%); death was registered in 6 patients (5%) and readmission in 27 (22%) of the patients. Patients with poor outcomes were admitted more frequently by ambulance (62% vs 40%; p = 0.003), more often were admitted to a hospital for AECOPD in the previous year (69% vs 45%; p = 0.0006), and had lower pH (p = 0.001), lower PaO2 (p = 0.001), higher PaCO2 (p = 0.001), and a worse score on several prognostic scales such as APACHE II (13.9 ± 5.4 vs 7.8 ± 3.6; p = 0.001), DECAF (2.4 ± 0.6 vs 1.5 ± 0.6; p = 0.001), BODEx (5.6 ± 1.8 vs 3.9 ± 1.1; p = 0.001), DOSE (2.9 ± 1.5 vs 2.2 ± 1.2; p = 0.029), and ADO (4.9 ± 1.5 vs 4.3 ± 1.3; p = 0.015) at admission. They more frequently received O2 therapy (87% vs 46%; p = 0.001) and had longer hospital stay (19.2 ± 6.2 days vs 12.5 ± 1.8 days; p = 0.001). Conclusions. Hypercapnia, hypoxemia and worse prognostic scores on admission predicted poor outcome in patients hospitalized for AECOPD during the previous year.
Mini Special Issue on Human Sensing, Modeling, and Augmentation
Authors: Tanaka Takayuki 
Published: October 2018

Human work and life support are areas that provide practical applications for robotics and mechatronics technology. There is great expectation from the industry in these fields, and research and development efforts have been actively undertaken with great social impact. To support human work and life accurately, we must understand the complicated sensory, nervous, and motor control systems that enable design and development of appropriate assistive devices.
Therefore, in this mini special issue, we focus on robotics and mechatronics for human sensing, modeling, and augmentation.
The editor hopes that this special issue will attract researchers’ interest and contribute to further developments in this field.
Noether’s theorems of variable mass systems on time scales
Authors: Yan Wu , Jing-Li Fu 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
This paper deals with the Noether’s theory for variable mass system on time scales. The calculus on time scales unifies and extends variable mass system continuous model and discrete model into a single theory. Firstly, Hamilton’s principle of the variable mass system on time scales is given. Secondly, based on the quasi-invariance of the Hamilton’s action under a group of infinitesimal transformations, Noether’s theorem and its inverse theorem of the variable mass system on time scales are presented. Finally, two examples are given to illustrate the applications of the results.
Wall Properties and Slip Consequences on Peristaltic Transport of a Casson Liquid in a Flexible Channel with Heat Transfer
Authors: Devaki P. , Sreenadh S. , Vajravelu K. , Prasad K. V. , Vaidya Hanumesh 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
In this paper, the peristaltic wave propagation of a Non-Newtonian Casson liquid in a non-uniform (flexible)channel with wall properties and heat transfer is analyzed. Long wavelength and low Reynolds number approximations are considered. Analytical solution for velocity, stream function and temperature in terms of various physical parameters is obtained. The impact of yield stress, elasticity, slip and non-uniformity parameters on the peristaltic flow of Casson liquidare observed through graphs and discussed. The important outcome is that an increase in rigidity, stiffness and viscous damping force of the wall results in the enhancement of the size and number of bolus formed in the flow pattern.
Construction and Transformation of OsERA1 Gene into Expression Vector and Response of Nipponbare-OsERA1 Transgenic Rice to Drought Stress
Authors: Santoso Tri Joko , Apriana Aniversari Apriana , Sisharmini Atmitri Sisharmini , Trijatmiko Kurniawan Rudi 
Published: October 2018

<p>Drought stress is a major constrain which could influence rice productivity. Enhanced Response to ABA1 (ERA1) gene encoding a β-subunit farnesyltransferase enzyme plays a role to control sensitivity of the guard cells to abscisic acid (ABA), hence regulating drought stress response in plant species including rice. This study aimed to clone the OsERA1 gene into expression vector, introduce it into rice plant, and confirm the positive OsERA1-rice plants conferring drought tolerance. This study was initiated by isolation of the OsERA1 gene from rice cDNAs and cloned it to an expression vector cassette, pCAMBIA1301. The cassette harboring OsERA1 gene was introduced into rice plant cv. Nipponbare mediated by Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain LBA4404.<br />Putative transgenic lines were detected using PCR and Southern blot analyses to confirm the inserted transgene and the positive lines were assayed their tolerance to drought. The OsERA1 gene was successfully isolated and constructed into expression vector to generate pCAMBIA1301-OsERA1. Introduction of the gene into Nipponbare has produced nine putative transgenic rice lines, of which, six lines harbored OsERA1 gene. Southern blot analysis of sixteen T2 plants from two PCR-positive transgenic lines revealed<br />1–3 copies of transgene were integrated into rice genome of transgenic lines. Five transgenic lines of Nipponbare-OsERA1 showed better response to drought at vegetative phase compared to control in term of recovery ability. At generative phase, the five transgenic lines yielded less unfilled grains compared to control. Overall, the transgenic lines obtained from this study could be<br />potential candidates for developing rice varieties tolerant to drought.</p><p align="center"> </p>
Influence of Inoculation with Bradyrhizobia and Nitrogen Rate on Yield and Estimated Economic Return of Virginia Market‐Type Peanut
Authors: Jordan David L. , Johnson P. Dewayne , Hare Andrew T. , Anco Dan , Chapin Jay , Thomas James , Monfort Scott , Balota Maria 
Published: October 2018

Core Ideas
Bradyrhizobia inoculant increases peanut yield in new peanut fields and in fields with a recent history of peanut.
Applied nitrogen is less effective than inoculation with Bradyrhizobia in new peanut fields.
Return on investment from Bradyrhizobia inoculant occurs regardless of field history relative to peanut production.
Adequate nitrogen (N) fixation by peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is essential to optimize yield. In replicated trials in North Carolina, South Carolina, and Virginia from 1998–2017, commercially available in‐furrow liquid or granular inoculant increased yield from 3460 to 4660 lb/acre in new peanut fields (52 trials) and 4280 to 4450 lb/acre in fields with a previous history of peanut plantings within the past 4 years (43 trials). The increase in economic value from inoculation treatment ($8/acre) at a peanut price of $535/ton was $318/acre and $41/acre in fields with these respective histories. In a second experiment, replicated trials were conducted from 2007–2017 in fields without a history of peanut production or fields not rotated to peanut within at least the past 20 years. Economic return based on peanut prices described previously was determined to reflect cost of N applied as ammonium sulfate ($0.28/lb ammonium sulfate) as a single application 45 to 60 days after planting when canopy foliage began to express N deficiency. A linear or quadratic response to rates of 0, 60, 90, 120, and 150 lb N/acre was noted in five trials with no response observed in the remaining four trials. When these experiments were included with five other experiments where non‐inoculated and inoculated controls were compared with one rate only (120 lb N/acre), yield and economic return were greater for inoculated peanut compared with peanut receiving N or the non‐inoculated and non‐fertilized control. Nitrogen increased peanut yield and economic return compared with the non‐fertilized control. Results from these experiments underscore the value of inoculation with Bradyrhizobia at planting regardless of field history and the limitations of applied N to correct N deficiencies in peanut.
Effects of chlorination, ultraviolet and ozone disinfection on the biotoxicity of triclosan
Authors: Chen Lei , Wang Zhipeng 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
The contamination of triclosan, which is a widely used antimicrobial agent, is of emerging concern for its potential toxicity to aquatic organisms and human beings. Chlorination, UV254 irradiation and ozonation are the main disinfection methods used in water treatment processes. Although studies have shown that triclosan could react with free chlorine and ozone, and undergo photolysis under UV irradiation, few of them focused on the effects of disinfection processes on the biotoxicity of triclosan. In the present study, the potential risk of triclosan in water before and after laboratory-scale disinfection processes, including chlorination, UV254 irradiation and ozonation, was evaluated by bioassay. The results showed that both acute toxicity and genetic toxicity of triclosan was increased by chlorination and UV254 disinfection but decreased by ozone disinfection. In other words, ozonation would be a preferential disinfection method for triclosan-containing surface waters. This finding will help us to choose an appropriate disinfection method for water treatment. Furthermore, it is proved that bioassay could be a feasible way for risk evaluation when concentrations of antibiotics in surface waters or drinking waters are very low.
Features of the style of the management as factor of specifics of corporate culture in education organization
Authors: Mikhailenko Anastasiia Aleksandrovna 
Published: October 2018

Features of formation of corporate culture of school under the influence of such factor as style of the management – features of interaction of the head with collective are considered in article. Conditions of realization of powers of the management within work of school are revealed. The specifics of corporate culture in the educational organization – as the organizations of special type, social interaction and structure of relationship are shown.
Inexpensive Weight-Reducing Aid (L-Carnitine) as An Efficient Catalyst for Synthesis of Benzimidazoles
Authors: Zhang Min , Huang Guoling , Zhang Xuefang , Lin Zhenyuan , Li Yibiao , Li Bin , Chen Lu 
Published: October 2018

Aim and Objective:
The benzimidazole derivatives have been obtained via weightreducing
aid (L-Carnitine) as a cheap catalyst. A wide range of aromatic aldehydes easily undergo
condensations with substituted o-phenylendiamine under mild condition to afford the target
molecular in excellent yields.

Materials and Methods:
Melting points were measured on an Electrothemal X6 microscopy digital
melting point apparatus. 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectra were recorded in DMSO-d6 on a Bruker
AVANCE 400 (400 MHz) instrument with the TMS at d 0.00 ppm as an internal standard. C, H and
N analysis were performed by a Perkin-Elmer 2400 CHN elemental analyzer. Chemicals used were
of commercial grade without further purification.

An equimloar (1.0 mmol) mixture of o-phenylenediamine 1, aromatic aldehyde 2, and L-Carnitine
(10 mol%) was vigorously stirred at 60°C in EtOH (3 mL) for the specific time indicated by TLC
(petroleum: ethyl acetate ether = 4:1). After completion of the reaction, the mixture was quenched by
adding H2O (20 mL), extracted with EtOAc (3 x 10 mL), and the combined extracts were dried by
anhydrous MgSO4. The filtrate was evaporated and the corresponding benzimidazole was obtained
as the only product. The products 3a–3r were obtained in 82–95% yields. The structures of the
products 3 were identified by their IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and elemental analysis spectra.

Results:
The products were obtained in 82–95% yields in 30–80 min. The method has several
advantages such as simple, clean and environmentally process, excellent yield and avoiding use of
inconvenient preparation of catalyst. Meanwhile, the catalyst L-Carnitine is a kind of weightreducing
aid, which might be applied to broad green catalyzed system.

Conclusion:
A facile synthesis of benzimidazoles comprising the reaction of various aldehydes with
substituted o-phenylendiamine in good to excellent yield is provided using L-Carnitine as an
efficient catalyst. The protocol overcomes the earlier disadvantages like harsh reaction conditions,
tedious work-up, expensive process, wastes generation and the use of metallic oxide, which might be
applied to the synthesis of benzimidazoles pharmaceticals in order to meet friendly environmental
demands.
A Novel Systemic Indicator of Periodontal Tissue Damage: Ischemia Modified Albumin
Authors: Tayman Mahmure A. , Önder Canan , Kurgan Şivge , Serdar Muhittin A. , Günhan Meral 
Published: October 2018

Background:
Ischemia-modified albumin (IMA) is a systemic indicator of inflammatory
diseases and is suggested as an oxidative stress marker.

Objective:
To determine the IMA and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) serum levels for
patients with chronic periodontitis (CP) and to evaluate the impact of non-surgical periodontal
therapy on serum IMA and hsCRP levels.

Methods:
Twenty one systemically healthy patients with CP and 15 systemically and periodontally
healthy controls (C) were enrolled in the study. Periodontal pocket depth (PPD), bleeding on probing
(BOP) and attachment loss (AL) were recorded at the time of diagnosis and 6 weeks after the nonsurgical
periodontal therapy. Blood samples were obtained before and after treatment from all
groups, and serum IMA and hsCRP levels were evaluated by ELISA method.

Results:
All of the clinical findings were found to be elevated in the CP group in comparison to C
group (p<0.05). Levels of IMA and hsCRP were higher in the CP group (p<0.05) and decreased after
non-surgical periodontal therapy (p<0.05). Positive correlations were determined between PPD, BOP
and hsCRP (p<0.05) as well as between PPD, AL, BOP and IMA levels (p<0.01) before treatment. A
significant positive correlation was also observed between hsCRP and IMA (p<0.01) before and after
treatment.

Conclusion:
IMA is a marker indicating systemic inflammation during periodontal disease, and is
significantly reduced as a result of non-surgical periodontal therapy. Therefore, IMA might be
suggested as a useful indicator of periodontal disease.
Continuous Vector-free Gene Transfer with a Novel Microfluidic Chip and Nanoneedle Array
Authors: Huang Dong , Zhao Deyao , Li Jinhui , Wu Yuting , Du Lili , Xia Xin-Hua , Li Xiaoqiong , Deng Yulin , Li Zhihong , Huang Yuanyu 
Published: October 2018

Background:
Delivery of foreign cargoes into cells is of great value for bioengineering research
and therapeutic applications.

Objective:
In this study, we proposed and established a carrier-free gene delivery platform utilizing
staggered herringbone channel and silicon nanoneedle array, to achieve high-throughput in vitro gene
transfection.
</P><P>
Methods: With this microchip, fluidic micro vortices could be induced by the staggered-herringboneshaped
grooves within the channel, which increased the contact frequency of the cells with the channel
substrate. Transient disruptions on the cell membrane were well established by the nanoneedle array on
the substrate.
</P><P>
Result: Compared to the conventional nanoneedle-based delivery system, proposed microfluidic chip
achieved flow-through treatment with high gene transfection efficiency (higher than 20%) and ideal cell
viability (higher than 95%).

It provides a continuous processing environment that can satisfy the transfection requirement
of large amounts of biological molecules, showing high potential and promising prospect for both
basic research and clinical application.