bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A 12‐month prospective cohort study of symptoms of common mental disorders among professional rugby players
Authors: Gouttebarge Vincent , Hopley Philip , Kerkhoffs Gino , Verhagen Evert , Viljoen Wayne , Wylleman Paul , Lambert Mike 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe primary aims were to determine the 12‐month incidence (and comorbidity) of symptoms of common mental disorders (CMD) among male professional rugby players and to explore their association with potential stressors. A secondary aim was to explore the view of male professional rugby players about the consequences of symptoms of CMD and related medical support/needs. An observational prospective cohort study with three measurements over a 12‐month period was conducted among male professional rugby players from several countries. Symptoms of CMD (distress, anxiety/depression, sleep disturbance, eating disorders and adverse alcohol use) and stressors (adverse life events, rugby career dissatisfaction) were assessed through validated questionnaires. A total of 595 players (mean age of 26 years; mean career duration of 6 years) were enrolled, of which 333 completed the follow‐up period. The incidence of symptoms of CMD were: 11% for distress, 28% for anxiety/depression, 12% for sleep disturbance, 11% for eating disorders and 22% for adverse alcohol use (13% for two simultaneous symptoms of CMD). Professional rugby players reporting recent adverse life events or career dissatisfaction were more likely to report symptoms of CMD but statistically significant associations were not found. Around 95% of the participants stated that symptoms of CMD can negatively influence rugby performances, while 46% mentioned that specific support measures for players were not available in professional rugby. Supportive and preventive measures directed towards symptoms of CMD should be developed to improve not only awareness and psychological resilience of rugby players but also their rugby performance and quality‐of‐life.
Carbon impurities behavior and its impact on ion thermal confinement in high-ion-temperature deuterium discharges on the Large Helical Device
Authors: Mukai K , Nagaoka K , Takahashi H , Yokoyama M , Murakami S , Nakano H , Ida K , Yoshinuma M , Seki R , Kamio S , Fujiwara Y , Oishi T , Goto M , Morita S , Morisaki T , Osakabe M 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
The behavior of carbon impurities in deuterium plasmas and its impact on thermal confinement were investigated in comparison with hydrogen plasmas in the Large Helical Device (LHD). Deuterium plasma experiments have been started in the LHD and high-ion-temperature plasmas with central ion temperature (T
i) of 10 keV were successfully obtained. The thermal confinement improvement could be sustained for a longer time compared with hydrogen plasmas. An isotope effect was observed in the time evolution of the carbon density profiles. A transiently peaked profile was observed in the deuterium plasmas due to the smaller carbon convection velocity and diffusivity in the deuterium plasmas compared with the hydrogen plasmas. The peaked carbon density profile was strongly correlated to the ion thermal confinement improvement. The peaking of the carbon density profile will be one of the clues to clarify the unexplained mechanisms for the formations of ion internal transport barrier and impurity hole on LHD. These results could also lead to a better understanding of the isotope effect in the thermal confinement in torus plasma.
MiRGOFS: a GO-based functional similarity measurement for miRNAs, with applications to the prediction of miRNA subcellular localization and miRNA–disease association
Authors: Yang Yang , Fu Xiaofeng , Qu Wenhao , Xiao Yiqun , Shen Hong-Bin 
Published: April 2018

AbstractMotivationBenefiting from high-throughput experimental technologies, whole-genome analysis of microRNAs (miRNAs) has been more and more common to uncover important regulatory roles of miRNAs and identify miRNA biomarkers for disease diagnosis. As a complementary information to the high-throughput experimental data, domain knowledge like the Gene Ontology and KEGG pathway is usually used to guide gene function analysis. However, functional annotation for miRNAs is scarce in the public databases. Till now, only a few methods have been proposed for measuring the functional similarity between miRNAs based on public annotation data, and these methods cover a very limited number of miRNAs, which are not applicable to large-scale miRNA analysis.ResultsIn this paper, we propose a new method to measure the functional similarity for miRNAs, called miRGOFS, which has two notable features: (i) it adopts a new GO semantic similarity metric which considers both common ancestors and descendants of GO terms; (i) it computes similarity between GO sets in an asymmetric manner, and weights each GO term by its statistical significance. The miRGOFS-based predictor achieves an F1 of 61.2% on a benchmark dataset of miRNA localization, and AUC values of 87.7 and 81.1% on two benchmark sets of miRNA–disease association, respectively. Compared with the existing functional similarity measurements of miRNAs, miRGOFS has the advantages of higher accuracy and larger coverage of human miRNAs (over 1000 miRNAs).Availability and implementationhttp://www.csbio.sjtu.edu.cn/bioinf/MiRGOFS/Supplementary informationSupplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Determinants of Hearing Aid Use Among Older Americans With Hearing Loss
Authors: McKee Michael M , Choi HwaJung , Wilson Shelby , DeJonckheere Melissa J , Zazove Philip , Levy Helen 
Published: April 2018

Abstract

Background and Objectives
Hearing loss (HL) is common among older adults and is associated with significant psychosocial, cognitive, and physical sequelae. Hearing aids (HA) can help, but not all individuals with HL use them. This study examines how social determinants may impact HA use.

Research Design and Methods
We conducted an explanatory sequential mixed methods study involving a secondary analysis of a nationally representative data set, the Health and Retirement Study (HRS; n = 35,572). This was followed up with 1:1 qualitative interviews (n = 21) with community participants to clarify our findings. Both samples included individuals aged 55 and older with a self-reported HL, with or without HA. The main outcome measure was the proportion of participants with a self-reported HL who use HA.

Results and Discussion
Analysis of HRS data indicated that younger, nonwhite, non-Hispanic, lower income, and less-educated individuals were significantly less likely to use HA than their referent groups (all p values < .001). Area of residence (e.g., urban) were not significantly associated with HA use. Qualitative findings revealed barriers to HA included cost, stigma, vanity, and a general low priority placed on addressing HL by health care providers. Facilitators to obtaining and using HA included family/friend support, knowledge, and adequate insurance coverage for HA.

Implications
Many socioeconomic factors hinder individuals’ ability to obtain and use HA, but these obstacles appeared to be mitigated in part when insurance plans provided adequate HA coverage, or when their family/friends provided encouragement to use HA.
Picturing academic learning: salutogenic and health promoting perspectives on drawings
Authors: Garista Patrizia , Pocetta Giancarlo , Lindström Bengt 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
More than 20 years ago an article about the use of drawings in higher education appeared in a medical journal. After that, other papers explored the possible contribution of drawings in adult education, while only very few in the field of health promotion and education. This article aims to introduce the use of drawing in this field using the salutogenic lens to think, plan and reflect on academic learning. Reflections on what salutogenesis is and what we can consider a clear application of salutogenic principles to the learning process answer a hypothetical question for the reader concerning the relationship between drawings and health promotion theories. They appear as communication tools capable of exploring meaning-making processes, capturing data that is flexible to dynamic systems, power relations, as well as emotional and latent aspects of human experience. This article proposes a connection between salutogenesis and drawings through: a theoretical framework on salutogenic learning and drawings; a teacher practice and its tools focusing the critical point on visual data analysis in a learning environment; a learner case example for knowledge and capacity building through the drawing process; and a health promotion competency-based analysis. Our case example illustrates how drawings were introduced in a post-graduate course in Health Promotion and Education and argues their strengths and weaknesses.
Review of some scientific issues related to crustacean welfare
Authors: Diggles B K 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
The scientific literature on the subject of welfare and pain in crustaceans is immature. It is based largely on a few dubious and disputed studies done on a small number of decapod species in instances where nociception was not confirmed, laboratory artefacts occurred, all variables that potentially influence the results were not fully controlled, and interpretations of results were questionable or contradictory. The proposed criteria for pain being applied to crustaceans since 2014 has set the “evidential bar” for pain so low it is impossible to have confidence that the behaviours observed in many experiments are even due to nociception, extinguishing scientific confidence that these behaviours are in any way analogous to how the word pain is defined, used, and understood by humans. Given the critical flaws in design and interpretation of several crustacean “pain” studies, acceptance of claims of pain for these animals, even as a precautionary measure, represents acceptance of a much lower evidential bar than is usually dictated by normal scientific standards. This may lead to circumstances whereby the precautionary principle, underpinned by weak science, is used by decision makers to justify unnecessary constraints on scientific research or other uses of crustaceans, imparting significant costs to scientific programs (and potentially food production industries), which are likely to exceed any benefits from changes in welfare status that may (or may not) accrue to these animals.
The Degenerate Special Lagrangian Equation on Riemannian Manifolds
Authors: Dellatorre Matthew 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
We show that the degenerate special Lagrangian equation (DSL), recently introduced by Rubinstein–Solomon, induces a global equation on every Riemannian manifold, and that for certain associated geometries this equation governs, as it does in the Euclidean setting, geodesics in the space of positive Lagrangians. For example, geodesics in the space of positive Lagrangian sections of a smooth Calabi–Yau torus fibration are governed by the Riemannian DSL on the base manifold.
We then develop their analytic techniques, specifically modifications of the Dirichlet duality theory of Harvey–Lawson, in the Riemannian setting to obtain continuous solutions to the Dirichlet problem for the Riemannian DSL and hence continuous geodesics in the space of positive Lagrangians.
Theophrastus of Eresus
Authors: Baltussen Han 
Published: April 2018

Theophrastus of Eresus (372/1–282/1 bce) came from the island of Lesbos (near Turkey) and was originally named Tyrtamus. Like many young men he was drawn to the metropolitan center of philosophical thought, Athens, and he studied briefly with Plato, then an old man (c. 356/5). But he went on to study with Aristotle, who gave him the name Theophrastus, “gifted speaker” (from theo- “divine” and phrazein “to speak”). Eventually they became colleagues and collaborators until Aristotle’s death (322 bce), at which point he became the next head of the Peripatetic school in Athens (322/1 bce). Important recent finds in Arabic and Syriac sources and the 1992 edition of the later sources for his life and works have given us a better understanding of his ideas, independence of thought, and influence. In addition, new editions of his botanical works and small treatises in natural science also increased our understanding of his approach and thought. His extant works and the fragments show him as a conscientious and wide-ranging scholar and researcher. While incomplete, the evidence still allows us to reconstruct his philosophical activities, for instance, in natural science, biology, psychology, human physiology, logic and rhetoric. He spent much of his time engaged in natural science, a field which had already become very broad under Aristotle. Theophrastus continued to work in several areas but added a considerable number of studies, some on topics of the inanimate world, such as fire, stones, winds and weather signs, as well as on matters of physiology (e.g., sweat, dizziness). He made important contributions of his own in ethics, botany, and the study of sense perception. A list of his works in Diogenes Laertius 5.42–50 contains some 220 titles, of which we still have his research into plants, nine short works, one large section of a survey of earlier views, and approximately eight hundred fragments found in later sources. Despite the partial survival of his output, he comes across as a productive philosopher and scientist, who managed to safeguard the intellectual inheritance of Aristotle and made his own contributions in logic, metaphysics, natural science, ethics, and the “history” of philosophy.
Integrated Care for the Use of Direct-acting Antivirals in Patients With Chronic Hepatitis C and Substance Use Disorder
Authors: Trabut Jean-Baptiste , Barrault Camille , Charlot Hélène , Carmona Damien , Bourdel Anne , Benslimane Mustapha , François Murielle , Kini-Matondo Willy , Causse Richard , Roudot-Thoraval Françoise , Hézode Christophe 
Published: April 2018

Objectives:
Since little is currently known about predictors of response to direct-acting antiviral agents (DAAs) in people who inject drugs, we undertook an analysis of patients attending a hepatitis clinic with addiction services (outpatient clinics and inpatient services) to examine the outcomes associated with the treatment of difficult-to-manage patients with substance use. Our experience was based on integrated care.

Method:
A retrospective analysis was undertaken of 50 patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) and a history of addiction who received treatment with DAAs, according to European guidelines. These regimens were sofosbuvir/ledipasvir for 8 weeks (n = 3), sofosbuvir/ledipasvir ± ribavirin for 12 weeks (n = 19), sofosbuvir/daclatasvir for 12 weeks (n = 20), sofosbuvir/simeprevir (n = 1), or sofosbuvir/daclatasvir for 24 weeks (n = 7). Characteristics of patients who did versus did not achieve a sustained virologic response (SVR) 12 weeks after treatment were compared by univariate analysis.

Results:
Forty-two patients (84%) were male; mean age was 46.2 ± 7.3 years. Genotypes were 1 (n = 21), 2 (n = 4), 3 (n = 18), 4 (n = 6), or 6 (n = 1). Most patients were treatment-naïve (n = 38). Five patients had coinfection with human immunodeficiency virus (n = 4) or hepatitis B (n = 1), 28 (56%) had evidence of cirrhosis on FibroScan (>12.5 kPa), and 34 (68%) were receiving opioid substitution therapy. Psychiatric disease, illicit drug use, unemployment, and homelessness/precarious housing were common. Forty-five patients (90%) achieved SVR, 2 were lost to follow-up, and 3 had treatment relapse.

Conclusions:
SVR was not significantly associated with sociodemographic or virological characteristics, treatment, social environment, alcohol/drug use, and adherence. Although adherence was slightly worse than in “usual” patients, it did not affect the SVR rate. In these difficult-to-manage patients with HCV and substance use disorder, the real-world SVR rate (90%) was similar to that in nonaddicted populations.
The Management of Vacuum-assisted Closure Following Vulvectomy with Skin Grafting
Authors: Hu Jun , Haefner Hope K. 
Published: April 2018

Summary:
Vulvectomies often require removal of large areas of vulvar skin, which may result in problems with wound healing, including infections and scarring. At times, skin grafting is needed following a vulvectomy, and for large excisions, a Foley catheter and rectal tube are often required. Vacuum-assisted closure (VAC) for vulvectomy, with or without skin grafting, has been used for a variety of vulvar conditions. The difficult portion of performing these procedures, with the use of the wound VAC, is obtaining an adequate seal around the Foley catheter and rectal tube. The authors present some useful tips to optimize obtaining and maintaining an adequate seal with the use of Hollister wafers and transparent film dressing during these procedures. This technique has been performed on over 25 patients since 2006. All extensive vulvar wounds requiring split-thickness skin grafts were dressed with a VAC device. With the use of these tips, surgery time and postoperative wound VAC leak alarms have decreased.
Comparative Impacts of Scala Vestibuli Versus Scala Tympani Cochlear Implantation on Auditory Performances and Programming Parameters in Partially Ossified Cochleae
Authors: Trudel Mathieu , Côté Mathieu , Philippon Daniel , Simonyan David , Villemure-Poliquin Noémie , Bussières Richard 
Published: April 2018

Objective:
To compare scala vestibuli versus scala tympani cochlear implantation in terms of postoperative auditory performances and programming parameters in patients with severe scala tympani ossification.

Study Design:
Retrospective case-control study.

Setting:
Tertiary referral center.

Patients:
One hundred three pediatric and adult patients who underwent cochlear implant surgery between 2000 and 2016. Three groups were formed: a scala vestibuli group, a scala tympani with ossification group, and a scala tympani without ossification group. Patients were matched based on their age, sex, duration of deafness, and side of implantation (ratio of 1:2:2).

Interventions:
Postoperative evaluation of auditory performances and programming parameters following intensive functional rehabilitation program completion.

Main Outcome Measures:
Multimedia adaptive test (MAT), hearing in noise test (HINT SNR +10 dB, HINT SNR +5 dB, and HINT SNR +0 dB), impedances, neural response telemetry thresholds (NRT), neural response imaging thresholds (NRI), comfortable levels (C-levels), and threshold levels (T-levels) were compared between groups.

Results:
Twenty-one patients underwent scala vestibuli cochlear implantation: 19 adults and two children. Auditory performances were similar between groups, although sentence recognition in a noisy environment was slightly higher in the scala vestibuli group. Impedance values were also higher in the scala vestibuli group, but all other programming parameters were similar between groups.

Conclusions:
We present the largest series of patients with scala vestibuli cochlear implantation. This approach provides at least comparable auditory performances without having any deleterious effects on programming parameters. This viable and useful insertion route might be the primary surgical alternative when facing partial cochlear ossification.
Three-dimensional genome organization in normal and malignant haematopoiesis
Authors: Cuartero Sergi , Merkenschlager Matthias 
Published: April 2018

Purpose of review
The three-dimensional organization of the genome inside the nucleus impacts on key aspects of genome function, including transcription, DNA replication and repair. The chromosome maintenance complex cohesin and the DNA binding protein CTCF cooperate to drive the formation of self-interacting topological domains. This facilitates transcriptional regulation via enhancer–promoter interactions, controls the distribution and release of torsional strain, and affects the frequency with which particular translocations arise, based on the spatial proximity of translocation partners. Here we discuss recent insights into the mechanisms of three-dimensional genome organization, their relationship to haematopoietic differentiation and malignant transformation.

Recent findings
Cohesin mutations are frequently found in myeloid malignancies. Significantly, cohesin mutations can drive increased self-renewal of haematopoietic stem and progenitor cells, which may facilitate the accumulation of genetic lesions and leukaemic transformation. It is therefore important to elucidate the mechanisms that link cohesin to pathways that regulate the balance between self-renewal and differentiation. Chromosomal translocations are key to lymphoid malignancies, and recent findings link three-dimensional genome organization to the frequency and the genomic position of DNA double strand breaks.

Summary
Three-dimensional genome organization can help explain genome function in normal and malignant haematopoiesis.
Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasm of the Pancreas as the Main Focus for Early Detection of Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Tanaka Masao 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
For early detection of pancreatic cancer, interests are now focused on the detection of high-risk individuals to undergo screening examinations. Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN) is a unique dual precursor of pancreatic cancer, characterized by progression to invasive cancer and the development of pancreatic adenocarcinoma either concomitantly (synchronous occurrence) or even after resection of IPMN (metachronous occurrence). Careful examination and surveillance of patients with IPMN may therefore lead to early detection of pancreatic cancer. By reviewing only reports describing detailed breakdown of the morphological types of IPMN and numbers of patients with noninvasive and invasive carcinoma in each type, the rough frequencies of noninvasive carcinoma in main duct IPMNs and branch duct IPMNs (BD-IPMNs) are 20% and 10%, respectively, and those of invasive carcinoma are 40% and 13%, respectively. Roughly 5% of all patients with IPMN had concomitant adenocarcinoma. The real frequency of carcinoma in BD-IPMNs would be far lower because most patients with small asymptomatic BD-IPMNs do not undergo resection. Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm can be the main focus for early detection of pancreatic cancer to achieve favorable prognosis after surgical resection. The optimal protocol for surveillance and method for early detection of pancreatic cancer are to be determined.