bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Falscher Biofilm
Authors: Tennert Christian 
Published: December 2018

SummaryKaries betrifft 98 % der Bevölkerung und ist gefolgt von Parodontitis die häufigste Ursache für Zahnschäden und -verluste. Die Aufnahme einfacher Kohlenhydrate führt zur Vermehrung säurebildender Bakterien und in diesem Zuge zu einer nachhaltigen Störung des schützenden Biofilms und Mundmikrobioms. Eine zuckerarme, mikronährstoffreiche Ernährung kann Zahnerkrankungen bereits innerhalb kurzer Zeit massiv reduzieren.
Ausstattung und Betrieb eines Heißlabores − Ein Handbuch zur Qualitätssicherung der Kit-basierten Zubereitung radioaktiver Arzneimittel (nach §13 Abs. 2b AMG)
Authors: Walte Almut , Brandau Wolfgang , Meyer Geerd-J. 
Published: December 2018

ZusammenfassungDie hier vorgestellte Übersicht beinhaltet primär ein „Handbuch zur Qualitätssicherung der Kit-basierten Zubereitung radioaktiver Arzneimittel (nach § 13 Abs. 2b AMG)“. Dieses Handbuch kann und darf als „eins-zu-eins-Grundlage“ für die Praxis- bzw. Heißlabor-eigene Dokumentation rund um diese Radiopharmaka genutzt werden. Die enthaltenen Anforderungen sind im pharmazeutischen Sinne Minimalanforderungen, die aus Sicht der Autoren für jede Einrichtung und insbesondere für den niedergelassenen Nuklearmediziner umsetzbar sein sollten und dabei trotzdem dem Stand von Wissenschaft und Technik gerecht werden. Thematisch werden der Strahlenschutz, die Qualifikation des Personals, die Anforderungen an Räume, Ausrüstung und Ausgangsstoffe, die Hygieneanforderungen und -überwachung, die Zubereitung und Prüfung als auch allgemeine qualitätssichernde Maßnahmen abgedeckt.
Herstellung von PET-Radiopharmaka in der Klinik – Aktuelle Rahmenbedingungen und Qualitätssicherung
Authors: Kienzle Gabriele , Reischl Gerald 
Published: December 2018

ZusammenfassungRadiopharmaka, die mit Positronen-Emittern markiert sind, werden zumindest in Deutschland meist in Kliniken vor Ort hergestellt, die Nuklide stammen vom hauseigenen Zyklotron. Nur wenige dieser Radiopharmaka sind zugelassen und kommerziell erhältlich (wichtigstes Beispiel: 2-Deoxy-2-[18F]fluor-D-glucose, FDG). Syntheseprozesse sind komplexer und aufwendiger als Herstellungen aus zugelassenen Kits und Nukliden aus zugelassenen Generatoren. Auch die Anforderungen an die Qualitätskontrolle sind deutlich höher. Erfolgt die Herstellung unter einer offiziellen Herstellungserlaubnis, sind die Regeln der „Guten Herstellungspraxis“ (Good-Manufacturing-Praxis, GMP) anzuwenden. Auch die in Deutschland verbreitete Radiopharmaka-Herstellung unter Verantwortung eines Arztes (Arzneimittelgesetz, AMG § 13 2b) hat Qualitätsstandards zu genügen. GMP ist ein Qualitätssicherungs-System, das alle Aspekte der Herstellung betrachtet, um eine Gefährdung von Patienten durch das Arzneimittel zu minimieren. Für Räumlichkeiten, Ausrüstung, Personal, Produktion, Qualitätskontrolle, Umgang mit Produktmängeln, Inspektionen und Dokumentation sind formale Kriterien zu beachten. Qualifizierung und Validierung spielen dabei eine fundamentale Rolle. Die Herstellung hat in Räumen der Reinraumklasse C zu erfolgen, Abfüllung und Aufteilung in Klasse A. Hohe Investitionen und hoher Herstellungsaufwand rechtfertigen sich jedoch durch die stetig wachsende Bedeutung der Positronen-Emissions-Tomografie (PET) als bildgebender Diagnostik im Rahmen der Individualisierung therapeutischer Verfahren.
Assoziationen zwischen der Rumpfkraft und judospezifischen Anriss-Leistungen von Judoka
Authors: Helm Norman , Prieske Olaf , Muehlbauer Thomas , Krüger Tom , Retzlaff Matthias , Granacher Urs 
Published: December 2018

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Eine gut ausgeprägte Rumpfstabilität ist eine wichtige Voraussetzung für die Mobilität der oberen und unteren Extremitäten während des sportlichen Bewegungsvollzugs. Vor diesem Hintergrund könnte die Rumpfkraft ein leistungsdeterminierender Faktor bei der Ausführung judospezifischer Bewegungen darstellen. Das Ziel der vorliegenden Studie war es, statistische Zusammenhänge zwischen der Rumpfkraft und kinetischen Parametern bei Anriss-Bewegungen von Judoka zu untersuchen.
Methode An der Untersuchung nahmen 21 leistungsorientierte Judoka mit einem mittleren Alter von 22 ± 4 Jahre und einem Trainingsumfang von 15 ± 4 Stunden pro Woche teil. Das maximale isokinetische Drehmoment (PIT) der Rumpfflexoren (PITFlex), -extensoren (PITEx) und -rotatoren (PITRot) wurde unter Verwendung eines isokinetischen Dynamometers (IsoMed 2000) erfasst. Zusätzlich wurden kinetische Parameter (mechanische Arbeit [W], dynamisch-realisierte Maximalkraft [Fmax]) bei Anriss-Bewegung im Stand und bei Anriss- mit Eindrehbewegung (d. h. Morote-seoi-nage) mithilfe eines judospezifischen Mess- und Informationssystems (JERGo©) erhoben.
Ergebnisse Die statistische Analyse zeigte signifikante Korrelationen (0,62 ≤ r
P ≤ 0,72) zwischen den maximalen isokinetischen Drehmomenten (PITFlex, PITEx, PITRot) und der Anriss-Bewegung im Stand (W). Zudem konnten signifikante Zusammenhänge (0,59 ≤ r
P ≤ 0,65) zwischen den isokinetischen Tests (PITEx, PITRot) und Fmax auf der Hubarmseite bei der Anriss-Bewegung im Stand gefunden werden. Für die Anriss- mit Eindrehbewegung ergaben sich signifikante Korrelationen (0,47 ≤ r
P ≤ 0,88) zwischen den isokinetischen Tests (PITFlex, PITEx, PITRot) und Leistungskennwerten der judospezifischen Bewegung (W und Fmax), unabhängig von der untersuchten Armseite. Es wurden vergleichbare Korrelationskoeffizienten zwischen PIT der Rumpfflexoren, -extensoren und -rotatoren und judospezifischen Leistungskennwerten festgestellt. Weiterhin identifizierte die Regressionsanalyse den Kennwert PIT bei Rumpfextension als besten Prädiktor für die mechanische Arbeit bei Anriss-Bewegung im Stand (46,9 %). Bei der Anriss- mit Eindrehbewegung konnte PIT der Rumpfrotatoren auf die Hubarmseite als bester Prädiktor für die mechanische Arbeit (69,4 %) ermittelt werden.
Schlussfolgerung Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die Rumpfkraft, insbesondere bei der Rumpfrotationsbewegung, mit Variablen der judospezifischen Leistungskennwerte bei der Anriss- mit Eindrehbewegung assoziiert ist. Dies impliziert, dass vor allem durch rumpfrotationskräftigende Übungen Einfluss auf die Anriss- mit Eindrehbewegung (d. h. Morote-seoi-nage) genommen werden könnte.
Mit vereinter Kraft?
Authors: Oberhauser Anette 
Published: December 2018

SummaryKooperationen zwischen Heilpraktikern und Zahnärzten sind möglich in Form von Empfehlungsstrukturen, Anstellungsverhältnissen oder einer reinen Organisationsgemeinschaft. Streng anatomisch gesehen dürfte der Heilpraktiker Zahnherde nicht einmal befunden. Jedoch wird dies bislang behördlich nicht sanktioniert und es gibt noch keine Rechtsprechung dazu. Befunde zu Zahnstellung und Bissverhalten unterstehen dem Zahnarztvorbehalt. Das Kiefergelenk darf der Heilpraktiker behandeln.
Freunde, Feinde, Doppelagenten
Authors: Rauth Lisa 
Published: December 2018

SummaryDas Mikrobiom des Mundes setzt sich aus mindestens 700 Bakterienarten zusammen, die Entzündungsaktivitäten im Kärper direkt beeinflussen. Der häufige Konsum von Zucker, Fleisch und verarbeiteter Nahrung kann zu einer oralen Dysbiose führen, die mäglicherweise unter anderem Parodontitis sowie artikuläre, kardiovaskuläre und rheumatische Erkrankungen verursacht. Eine zuckerfreie, gemüse- und ballaststoffreiche Ernährung, Mundhygiene und spezifische Probiotika zählen zu den wichtigsten Maβnahmen für eine gesunde orale Mikrobiota.
Mandible Growth of Wistar Rats: Effects of Malnutrition during Lactation in Adulthood Mandibular Size
Authors: Degani Jr Hugo , Babinski Monique , Ramos Cristiane , Degani Viviane , Pires Lucas , Babinski Marcio 
Published: December 2018

Introduction Malnutrition is a world health issue; thus, it is imperative to know its effects during lactation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of maternal protein restriction during lactation on the horizontal and vertical bone growth of the mandible, according to predetermined parameters.
Material and Methods At parturition, Wistar rat dams were randomly assigned to the following groups: (1) control, which had free access to a standard laboratory diet containing 23% of protein; (2) protein energy-restricted, which had free access to an isoenergetic, protein-restricted diet containing 8% of protein; and (3) energy-restricted group, which received limited access to commercial diet containing 23% of protein. After 21 days, all pups received free access to a standard laboratory diet containing 23% of protein until their adulthood. Afterwards, the animals were euthanized under thiopental anesthesia and their mandibles were excised. The dimensions of the excised pup mandibles were measured directly with a digital caliper.
Results The protein-restricted and the energy-restricted groups presented minor adulthood mandibular length in all parameters analyzed.
Conclusion Our results provide original information regarding the mandibular growth and indicate that the maternal nutritional state during lactation can affect the development of mandibular growth. Moreover, our results indicated that the growth dysfunction could not be restored after normalization of the diet.
Neurosciences in Buddhist India
Authors: Kumar Arushi , Kumar Raj 
Published: December 2018

AbstractNeurosciences in Buddhist era was mainly based on power of mind and thoughts. It emphasized mainly about the power of mind, control of thoughts, purification, and modifications of erroneous thought process, which should result in truthful and correct practices and subsequent actions by human beings to remain happy. Buddhism believes that most diseases of human body are secondary to mind and that these can be healed by controlling the erroneous thoughts and practices of Dhamma. Though the treatment for neurologic disorders such as headache, stress, and anxiety was primitive, it was mainly based on purification of mind and righteous pathway of Dhamma followed by medicines, modification in dietary and other living habits, etc. Enough evidence (including operated case-based commentary) shows that cranial surgery was also performed following appropriate diagnosis. The concept of diagnosis, preoperative evaluation, explanation to the patient, operative procedure, perioperative care, and follow-up was also present in that era.
The impact of Hajj satisfaction on Islamic religious commitment: a theoretical framework.
Authors: Utomo S. B. , Scott N. , Jin Xin Jin Xin 
Published: December 2018

Abstract

This chapter aims to discusses the impact of the Hajj experience on Islamic religious commitment in Indonesia. To do so the chapter adopts the investment model of commitment (IMC) used in the psychology literature to provide a theoretical framework for studying Hajj experiences. IMC claims that relationship commitment has three antecedents: satisfaction level, quality of alternatives and investment size. The quality of alternatives was excluded in this study as there is no alternative in undertaking Hajj.
Food security: a plant pathology perspective.
Authors: Hollier C. A. 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Food Security has four dimensions: food availability, food access, economic access to food and food utilization. There is a fifth dimension, sometimes referred to as stability of food. Embedded within each of these four dimensions are sub-dimensions. Historically, production was the focus of concern, but today there is more interest in imports and stockpiles because almost every country in the world today relies on trade and imports with food security. No country is totally self-sufficient in food in today's environment. Plant diseases play a major role in the production of food. Their influence on food security is expressed by the epidemics they cause, the reduction in production and post-harvest deterioration reducing available food for a hungry world.
The COP9 signalosome influences the epigenetic landscape of Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Tuller Tamir , Diament Alon , Yahalom Avital , Zemach Assaf , Atar Shimshi , Chamovitz Daniel A 
Published: December 2018

Abstract

Motivation
The COP9 signalosome is a highly conserved multi-protein complex consisting of eight subunits, which influences key developmental pathways through its regulation of protein stability and transcription. In Arabidopsis thaliana, mutations in the COP9 signalosome exhibit a number of diverse pleiotropic phenotypes. Total or partial loss of COP9 signalosome function in Arabidopsis leads to misregulation of a number of genes involved in DNA methylation, suggesting that part of the pleiotropic phenotype is due to global effects on DNA methylation.

Results
We determined and analyzed the methylomes and transcriptomes of both partial- and total-loss-of-function Arabidopsis mutants of the COP9 signalosome. Our results support the hypothesis that the COP9 signalosome has a global genome-wide effect on methylation and that this effect is at least partially encoded in the DNA. Our analyses suggest that COP9 signalosome-dependent methylation is related to gene expression regulation in various ways. Differentially methylated regions tend to be closer in the 3D conformation of the genome to differentially expressed genes. These results suggest that the COP9 signalosome has a more comprehensive effect on gene expression than thought before, and this is partially related to regulation of methylation. The high level of COP9 signalosome conservation among eukaryotes may also suggest that COP9 signalosome regulates methylation not only in plants but also in other eukaryotes, including humans.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Prognostic implications of small left atria on hospitalized patients
Authors: Rozenbaum Zach , Topilsky Yan , Aviram Galit , Entin-Meer Michal , Granot Yoav , Pereg David , Berliner Shlomo , Steinvil Arie , Biner Simon 
Published: December 2018

Abstract

Aims
To demonstrate the association between small left atria (LA) and outcome in a relatively large heterogeneous population of hospitalized patients.

Methods and results
In a single-centre retrospective study, all inpatients that underwent an echocardiographic assessment between 2011 and 2016 and had an available left atrial volume index (LAVI) measurement were included. The cohort consisted of 17 343 inpatients who had an available LAVI measurement, 288 with small LA (LAVI <16 mL/m2), 7531 patients had LAVI within normal limits (16–34 mL/m2) divided into low normal (16–24.9 mL/m2; n = 2636) and high normal (25–34 mL/m2; n = 4895), 4720 patients had large LAVI (34.1–45 mL/m2) and 4804 had very large LAVI (>45 mL/m2). Median follow-up time was 2.4 years. After adjustments for age, gender, and baseline characteristics with a P-value <0.2 in univariable analyses (body mass index, haemoglobin, ischaemic heart disease, valvulopathy, atrial fibrillation, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, hyperlipidaemia, smoking, renal dysfunction, lung disease, and malignancy) small LA was associated with a higher risk for in-hospital mortality (odds ratio 2.9, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.4–5.7; P = 0.002] and all-cause mortality [hazard ratio (HR) 2.1, 95% CI 1.6–2.8; P < 0.001] compared with high normal LA. For every mL/m2 decrease below high normal LA size the risk for in-hospital and long-term all-cause mortality increased by 10% (HR 1.1, 95% CI 1.02–1.18; P = 0.005) and 8% (HR 1.08, 95% CI 1.05–1.12; P < 0.001), respectively.

Conclusion
Small LA are independently associated poorer short- and long-term mortality. LA volume should be referred to as J-shaped in terms of mortality.

Helsinki committee approval number
0170-17-TLV.
Don’t Forget to Say “Thank You”: Toward a Modern History of Gratitude
Authors: Clay Ruthann , Stearns Peter N 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Gratitude is much discussed these days as an area of research in the positive psychology movement. But the quality has not been given much historical attention—despite the surge of historical attention to other types of emotional response. This article lays out the evidence for extensive reliance on gratitude in the nineteenth-century United States and its measurable decline in the twentieth century—at least until the recent revival. From childrearing materials to comments on etiquette, both references and conventions shifted measurably. The essay goes on to establish the context for these changes, relating gratitude to developments in gender relations and, particularly, to a heightened sense of self and, arguably, of self-entitlement. Current efforts to promote gratitude operate against the contemporary historical dynamic, and the resulting tensions deserve attention from historians and psychologists alike.
An Examination of an Interviewer-Respondent Matching Protocol in a Longitudinal CATI Study
Authors: West Brady T , Elliott Michael R , Mneimneh Zeina , Wagner James , Peytchev Andy , Trappmann Mark 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
This article presents results from an experimental study in Germany designed to test the effectiveness of a novel protocol for matching participants in a national panel survey with interviewers employing computer-assisted telephone interviewing (CATI) on selected sociodemographic features, including sex, age, and education. We specifically focus on the ability of the protocol to engender close matches between respondents and interviewers in terms of these features, using both theory and empirical evidence to suggest that this type of matching will improve cooperation rates in surveys employing CATI. We also focus on indicators of “success” at first contact (defined as a successful interview or establishment of an appointment for an interview) as a function of whether the matching protocol was in use on a given day and whether specific types of matches generated higher rates of success overall. We find strong evidence of the protocol effectively establishing close matches, and we also observe that matches based on education proved especially effective for rates of “success” in a panel survey that focused primarily on labor market topics. We conclude with thoughts on practical implementation of this approach in other settings and suggested directions for future work in this area.
Clinical Effectiveness of an At-Home Auditory Training Program: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Humes Larry E. , Skinner Kimberly G. , Kinney Dana L. , Rogers Sara E. , Main Anna K. , Quigley Tera M. 
Published: December 2018

Objectives:
To investigate the effectiveness of an at-home frequent-word auditory training procedure for use with older adults with impaired hearing wearing their own hearing aids.

Design:
Prospective, double-blind placebo-controlled randomized trial with three parallel branches: an intervention group who received the at-home auditory training; an active control group who listened to audiobooks using a similar platform at home (placebo intervention); and a passive control group who wore hearing aids and returned for outcomes, but received no intervention. Outcome measures were obtained after a 5-week period. A mixed research design was used with a between-subjects factor of group and a repeated-measures factor of time (pre- and post-treatment) to evaluate the effects of the at-home auditory training program. The intervention was completed in participants’ own homes. Baseline and outcomes measures were assessed at a university research laboratory. The participants were adults, aged 54 to 80 years, with the mild-to-moderate hearing loss. Of the 51 identified eligible participants, 45 enrolled as a volunteer sample and 43 of these completed the study. Frequent-word auditory training regimen completed intervention at home over a period of 5 weeks. The active control group listened to audiobooks (placebo intervention) and the passive control group completed no intervention. The primary outcome measure is a Connected Speech test benefit. The secondary outcome measure is a 66-item self-report profile of hearing aid performance.

Results:
Participants who received the at-home training intervention demonstrated significant improvements on aided recognition for trained materials, but no generalization of these benefits to nontrained materials was seen. This was despite reasonably good compliance with the at-home training regimen and careful verification of hearing aid function throughout the trial. Based on follow-up post-trial evaluation, the benefits observed for trained materials in the intervention group were sustained for a period of at least 8.5 months. No improvement was seen for supplemental outcome measures of hearing aid satisfaction, hearing handicap, or tolerance of background noise while listening to speech.

Conclusions:
The at-home auditory training procedure utilizing frequently occurring words was effective for the trained materials used in the procedure. No generalization was seen to nontrained materials or to perceived benefit from hearing aids.
Wavefront-Guided Photorefractive Keratectomy in the Treatment of High Astigmatism Following Keratoplasty
Authors: Sorkin Nir , Kreimei Mohammad , Einan-Lifshitz Adi , Mednick Zale , Belkin Avner , Chan Clara C. , Slomovic Allan R. , Rootman David S. 
Published: December 2018

Purpose:
To report the outcome of wavefront-guided photorefractive keratectomy (WG-PRK) in the treatment of high astigmatism following keratoplasty.

Methods:
A retrospective, interventional analysis including patients with high astigmatism following either penetrating keratoplasty or deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty, who underwent WG-PRK.

Results:
Thirteen eyes (7 right eyes) of 12 patients (10 male) aged 35.1 ± 5.9 years were included. Preoperative astigmatism ranged between 3.00 and 5.00 D. Average follow-up time was 14.0 ± 6.2 months. Uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA) improved from 0.97 ± 0.58 logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) (Snellen equivalent ∼20/187) preoperatively to 0.13 ± 0.15 logMAR (Snellen equivalent ∼20/27) at 6 months and 0.14 ± 0.16 logMAR (Snellen equivalent ∼20/28) at the final follow-up (P = 0.001 and P = 0.002, respectively). UDVA ≥20/40 increased from 1 eye (7.7%) preoperatively to 13 eyes (100%) at 6 months and 12 eyes (92.3%) at the final follow-up (P < 0.001 for both). UDVA ≥20/25 increased from 1 eye (7.7%) preoperatively to 6 eyes (46.2%) at 6 months and at the final follow-up (P = 0.027 for both). Mean astigmatism improved from −3.98 ± 0.75 D to −1.27 ± 0.82 D and −1.40 ± 1.04 at 6 months and at the last follow-up, respectively (P = 0.001 for both). Preoperative astigmatism was ≥3.00 D in all eyes and was reduced to ≤2.50 D in all eyes at 6 months postoperatively, with 7 eyes (63.6%) having ≤1.00 D of astigmatism at both 6 months and the final follow-up.

Conclusions:
WG-PRK was safe and effective in the treatment of high and regular postkeratoplasty astigmatism.