bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
JUSTIFICATION OF ECONOMIC BENEFITS OF ARCTIC LNG TRANSPORTATION BY SEA
Authors: Koz'menko S. , Masloboev V. , Matviishin D. 
Published: October 2018

Russian Arctic is the largest exporter of domestic natural gas, which brings significant income to the federal budget. The major share of natural gas extracted in the Arctic is transported via pipelines in the direction of European countries. For a number of reasons EU is continuously reducing its consumption of Russian natural gas, among other things by increasing the import of liquefied natural gas (LNG). All this is happening against the background of global markets refocusing from pipeline gas to LNG. An obvious solution here would be to increase LNG production in the Russian Arctic with its subsequent transportation by sea. Taking into account remote location of Arctic gas fields from the main sales markets, there is a need for comparative cost analysis of transportation via pipelines and LNG tankers. The authors developed a method of assessing the costs of pipeline and sea transportation under comparable conditions. Calculations have been made for gas transportation to Germany, Italy, Turkey and China. As a result, it has been demonstrated that sea transportation of 1,000 m3 of natural gas is cheaper than pipeline transportation by the average value of 106.3 USD (–40.2 %) across all the routes in question. Performed calculations prove the economic benefits of sea transportation of Arctic LNG to the existing and potential markets for natural gas. Such results are justified by the need of rational replacement of pipeline gas by LNG in European markets (especially in Southern Europe, where LNG has a greater competitive advantage) and increasing export of liquefied natural gas to the Asia-Pacific Region. Suggested measures will allow to reduce the costs of sea LNG transportation, which will give Arctic natural gas a competitive edge on the global and regional gas markets.
Modelling, Composition and production rate of medical solid waste in Tikrit: A case study of Tikrit Teaching Hospital (TTH) in Iraq
Authors: Ahmed Khudhair Haneen 
Published: October 2018

Tikrit Teaching Hospital (TTH), Tikrit, Iraq, was selected for investigation as a case study. Data collection was carried out during TTH visits and by questionnaires. Sampling was performed during a 10-month period, one week each sampling month. The medical waste analyzed was comprised of 63.04% general waste (non-risk) and 36.96% hazardous waste. The results indicated that the medical waste generation rate is 0.9 kg/bed.day and 0.75 kg/patient.day. Statistically significant linear correlations were established between the daily production of medical solid waste and the respective number of patients and the occupied beds in TTH as whole. Based on the average daily production of medical solid waste produced by the departments of TTH (kg /d), the larger producer of general medical solid waste was obstetric department with average daily production of 25 kg/d, while the larger producer of hazardous medical solid waste was obstetric department with average daily production of 11 kg/d. The average specific weight of total medical waste, general waste, and hazardous waste were determined to be 218.6, 206.5 and 225.54 kg/m3, respectively. The average moisture content of total medical waste, general waste, and hazardous waste were determined to be 21, 20.4 and 23.4 %, respectively. The average general medical waste composition was: 40% organics, 21% plastics, 19% paper, 11% glass and 9% metals. Pathological wastes and sharp objects comprised 43% and 25% of the hazardous medical waste components.

© 2018 JASET, International Scholars and Researchers Association
WHISTLEBLOWER: UMA PROTEÇÃO PARA O ESTADO
Authors: FERNANDES DAVID AUGUSTO 
Published: October 2018

A escolha deste tema surgiu em decorrência da grande enxurrada de notícias veiculada na mídia versando sobre ações de corruptos que descontroem o patrimônio nacional, ao afetar empresas nas quais há investimento de capital do Estado brasileiro, entre elas a Petrobras, onde a União Federal dispõe somente de 39,8% de ações, em relação ao capital total da empresa. Diante dessa constatação funesta, o presente trabalho objetiva apresentar o instituto do whistleblower, de larga utilização na sociedade mundial, no sentido de abordar a necessária proteção ao denunciante, fragilizado diante do ambiente social e corporativo, quando toma a iniciativa de delatar os ilícitos ou atos de corrupção de seu conhecimento, tornando-se passível de sofrer diversas formas de intimidações, inclusive a física. O referido instituto ainda não teve lugar no ordenamento jurídico interno do nosso País. A metodologia utilizada para o desenvolvimento deste trabalho foi o estudo dos ordenamentos jurídicos pátrios que se aproximam ao tema em estudo e a pesquisa sobre as leis internacionais específicas fundamentadas no whistleblower, assim como os posicionamentos doutrinários sobre a matéria. Por derradeiro, procede-se à avaliação do Projeto de Lei do Senado que trata do tema, visando a chegar-se a uma visão do nosso estado jurídico em comparação com os ordenamentos consolidados sobre este instituto em outros países.
Serum Malondialdehyde Level as a Risk Factor for Threatened Abortion
Authors: Sutama Gusti N , P Surya I Gede 
Published: October 2018

Objective: To determine the role of serum malondialdehyde level as a risk factor for threatened abortion.
Method: Our study was a case‐control study. We examined 60 pregnant women as our subject, 30 subjects with threatened abortion as cases and 30 subjects with normal pregnancy as control group. Serum levels of malondialdehyde of each woman was examined in the Biochemistry Laboratory Faculty of Medicine Gadjah Mada University in Yogyakarta. We tested the normality of our data using Kolmogorov‐ Smirnov test, and analysis was then performed using independent sample t‐test. To determine the relationship of serum malondialdehyde with threatened abortion, Chi‐Square test was used.
Result: From this study we found that the average serum malondialdehyde level in threatened abortion was 1.33K0.11 nmol/ml, while the average level of serum malondialdehyde in normal pregnancy was 1.03K0.10 nmol/ml. The analysis using independent t‐test shows that the average serum malondialdehyde level on the two groups was significantly different (p=0.001). Based on the cut‐off value of 1.12 nmol/ml, we found that the relative risk of threatened abortion is 29.57 times (95% CI=6.85‐127.64, p=0.001) in those with a high level of serum malondialdehyde.
Conclusion: The serum malondialdehyde level in threatened abortion was significantly different compared to normal pregnancy. A high level of serum malondialdehyde in pregnancy was a risk factor for threatened abortion.
Keywords: malondialdehyde, normal pregnancy, threatened abortion
Difference of Serum MMP9 and TNF 􀁃 Level in Preterm and Term Premature Rupture of Membranes
Authors: Wibowo Aji P , Sulistyowati Sri , Respati Supriyadi H 
Published: October 2018

Objective: To examine the difference between matrix metalloproteinase‐ 9 (MMP‐9) and Tumor Necrosis Factor 􀁃 (TNF‐􀁃) serum levels in preterm and term premature rupture of membranes (PROM).
Method: Our study employed an observational cross sectional approach. Seventy samples were divided into two groups, 35 samples with preterm PROM (28‐36 weeks gestational age) and 35 samples with PROM at term pregnancy (37‐42 weeks gestational age). Both groups underwent examination for serum MMP‐9 and TNF‐􀁃 concentration using ELISA method. Statistical analysis was done using ttest.
Result: Serum levels of MMP‐9 in the preterm PROM group was 2860.68K627.32 ng/ml, which was significantly higher than in the PROM at term pregnancy group 2549.74K657.15 ng/ml (p=0.04). Likewise, the average serum level of TNF‐􀁃 in subjects with preterm PROM was 12,086.60K5384.51 ng/ml, significantly higher in comparison to PROM at term pregnancy, which was 6422.51K2645.32 ng/ml (p=0.00).
Conclusion: Serum levels of MMP‐9 and TNF‐􀁃 in preterm PROM is significantly higher than that in PROM at term pregnancy.
Keywords: MMP‐9, premature rupture of membranes, preterm, term, TNF‐􀁃
Sexually Transmitted Infection in Correlation with Cervical Precancerous Lesion
Authors: Indarti Junita , Kurniawan Riyan H , Nilasari Hanny 
Published: October 2018

Objective: To identify the correlation between sexually transmitted
infection and cervical precancerous lesion.

Method: The study design is cross‐sectional. Samples were collected
by consecutive sampling method until the minimal amount was fulfilled.
This study was conducted in the Colposcopy Outpatient Clinic
and Cytology Laboratory, Division of Specialistic Gynecology, Department
of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo
Hospital (RSCM), Jakarta, from September 2008 to March 2009.
Laboratory examination for sexually transmitted infection (STI) was
performed in Department of Dermatovenereology, RSCM, Jakarta.
Patients were grouped into cases and control group. The case group
consisted of patients diagnosed with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia
(CIN) and the control group consisted of patients without CIN.
Sexually transmitted infection was identified and its relationship to
CIN was analyzed.

Result: We included 130 patients into this study, 25.38% without
CIN and 74.62% with CIN. We found that one patient can be infected
by up to five types of infection at a time. We also discovered a statistically
significant relation between CIN 1 and STI (p=0.028), CIN 2
and STI (p=0.007), and CIN 3 and STI (p=0.013).

Conclusion: Based on our study, we discovered a significant relationship
between the incidence of STI and CIN.

Keywords: cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, cervical precancerous
lesion, sexually transmitted infection
Survival and Side Effects of Cisplatin/Cyclophosphamide and Carboplatin/Paclitaxel Adjuvant Chemotherapy in Stage IC-IV Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Markus Unedo H , Winarto Hariyono , Andrijono Andrijono , Sutrisna Bambang 
Published: October 2018

Objective: To compare the survival and side effects in epithelial
ovarian cancer patients receiving adjuvant chemotherapy of cisplatin/
cyclophosphamide and carboplatin/paclitaxel.

Method: We recruited epithelial ovarian cancer patients receiving
cisplatin/cyclophosphamide (group A) or carboplatin/paclitaxel
(group B) adjuvant chemotherapy after surgery. Chemotherapy was
given for six cycles. Overall survival and side effects were assessed.

Result: A total of 49 patients were recruited, consisting of 25 patients
for group A and 24 patients for group B. In this study, the overall
survival of stage IC-IV ovarian cancer patients was 37.3 months in
group A (95%CI=31.86-43.46) and 35.5 months (95%CI= 13.93-
43.46) in group B (p
CC-Human Menopausal Gonadotropin Combined with Growth Hormone in Mini-stimulation Protocol could Improve Clinical Outcome in Poor Ovarian Responders
Authors: Polim Arie A , Sini Ivan R , Anwar Indra NC , Pradana Aryando , Kurniawati Kurniawati , Fani Erliana 
Published: October 2018

Objective: To investigate the role of CC-highly purified Human
Menopausal Gonadotropin (hpHMG) and Growth Hormone (GH)
in mini-stimulation protocol to improve outcome in poor ovarian
responders (POR).

Method: All patients were given clomiphene citrate 150 mg from day
3 to day 7 of menstrual cycle followed by 150 IU hpHMG daily from
day 8 until ovulation trigger. Two groups were observed where one
group received GH and the other arm did not. In the GH group, 8
IU of GH were given from day 1 of stimulation until stimulation was
stopped. GnRH antagonist was used to suppress ovulation.

Result: Among 51 eligible women, 29 patients with GH and 22
patients without GH, no difference was observed in the number of
oocytes retrieved (2.21 versus 2.64) and the number of embryos
transferred (1.24 versus 1.68) in the GH group versus the group
without GH, respectively. Total clinical pregnancy rate was 17.6%.
No significant difference in pregnancy and ongoing pregnancy rate in
both groups (17.2% versus 18.2%) and (13.8% versus 13.6%), respectively.
In patients older than 40 years old, GH showed a 4-fold
likelihood in producing top quality embryos (44.8% vs 13.6%,
OR=3.6, p=0.05).

Conclusion: CC-HMG regimen in mini-stimulation protocol is an
effective option in poor responders. Additional GH in ministimulation
program provided a higher number of top quality
embryos in women older than 40 years old, although there were no
difference in clinical or ongoing pregnancy rate.

Keywords: CC-HMG, growth hormone, IVF, mini-stimulation protocol,
poor ovarian responders
Pereira Suture: an Alternative Compression Suture to Treat Uterine Atony
Authors: Setiyono Agung B , Aziz Alamsyah , Sulistyono Agus , Mose Johanes C 
Published: October 2018

Objective: To evaluate the use of Pereira suture as a conservative surgical
management in postpartum hemorrhage due to uterine atony.
Methods: The study was performed in the Department of Obstetrics
and Gynecology, Temanggung General Hospital, Central Java, Indonesia.
Data was retrieved retrospectively from medical records,
from January 2011 until December 2013.
Results: Pereira suture was done in four cases of uterine atony with
failed conservative management, and the procedure was found to be
successful in all cases.
Conclusion: Pereira suture is an alternative surgical procedure for the
treatment of uterine atony after failed conservative management.
[Indones J Obstet Gynecol 2015; 3: 177-182]
Keywords: pereira suture, postpartum hemorrhage, uterine atony
BRCA1 Gene Q356R (1186A=G) Polymorphism and Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Incidence
Authors: Rakhmatsyah Benyamin , Saleh Agustria Z , Sanif Rizal , Yuwono Yuwono 
Published: October 2018

Objective: To determine the association between BRCA1 gene
Q356R (1186A=G) polymorphism and epithelial ovarian cancer incidence.
Methods: This study is an observational analytic study with casecontrol
study design. All patients diagnosed with epithelial ovarian
cancer that were treated in the outpatient clinic and inpatient ward
of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Dr. Mohammad
Hoesin Hospital, Palembang who met the inclusion criteria were included
in this study. DNA extraction was performed on blood samples,
followed by PCR-RFLP process.
Results: We obtained the genotype distribution of BRCA1 Q356R
(1186A=G) polymorphisms to be QQ genotype (wild-type) on all 50
subjects in the case group (100%) and 50 control subjects (100%).
Similarly, all BRCA1 alleles have the Q allele. The results of this study
found no polymorphism of the BRCA1 Q356R (1186A=G) in the
ovarian cancer and control groups.
Conclusion: Polymorphism of BRCA1 gene Q356R (1186A=G) was
not significantly associated with epithelial ovarian cancer incidence.
[Indones J Obstet Gynecol 2015; 3-4: 206-211]
Keywords: BRCA1 gene, epithelial ovarian cancer, polymorphism
Relevant tumor sink effect in prostate cancer patients receiving 177Lu-PSMA-617 radioligand therapy
Authors: Filss Christian , Heinzel Alexander , Miiller Berthold , Vogg Andreas , Langen Karl-Josef , Mottaghy Felix 
Published: October 2018

SummaryAim: In metastatic prostate cancer patients PSMA targeting radioligands have gained significant impact as theranostic probes. In this study a correlation between total tumor volume (TTV) and measured kidney dose as well as salivary glands (SG) uptake in 177Lu-PSMA-617 therapy was evaluated.Methods: Eleven consecutive prostate cancer patients receiving a first cylcle of 177Lu-PSMA-617 (administered activity of approximately 6GBq) were included. The 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT scan previous to therapy was used to determine TTV and SG uptake (glandulae submandibularis) employing PMOD version 3.403 with different 68Ga-PSMA-11 thresholds based on the standardized uptake value (SUV).The kidney dose was estimated with the software ULMDOS using planar whole-body scintigrams.Results: Kidney dose and SG uptake was inversely correlated to TTV, indicating high kidney dose and high SG uptake in case of low tumor load and low kidney dose and low SG uptake in case of high tumor load.Conclusion: Our data support the hypothesis that in 177Lu-PSMA-617 therapy an individualized treatment activity based on total tumor volume could be beneficiary.
Radiotoxicity of alpha particles versus high and low energy electrons in hypoxic cancer cells
Authors: Runge Roswitha , Oehme Liane , Kotzerke Jörg , Freudenberg Robert , Maucksch Ute 
Published: October 2018

Summary
Purpose: Hypoxic regions of tumors are less sensitive to radio- and chemotherapy, leading to poor prognosis of patients. One option to overcome the radioresistance is the irradiation of hypoxic tumors with high linear energy transfer (LET) α- or Auger electronemitters assuming their radiotoxicity would be less dependent on the cellular oxygenation status. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to determine whether irradiation with the intracellularly distributed Auger electron/γ-emitter 99mTc using the tracer [99mTc]TcHMPAO is a promising therapeutic option for the treatment of hypoxic tumor cells. Thus, the high LET α-particleemitter 223Ra ([223Ra]RaCl2) and the low LET β-emitter 188Re ([188Re]NaReO4) were studied in comparison to [99mTc]Tc-HMPAO. Materials and methods: A431 tumor cells were incubated with [99mTc]Tc-HMPAO (1–20 MBq/2 mL), [223Ra]RaCl2 (1.4–16.3 kBq/2 mL) or [188Re]NaReO4 (0.3–13.7 MBq/2 mL) under normoxic or hypoxic conditions. The degree of radiotoxicity was analyzed using the colony forming assay (CFA), and the intracellular radionuclide uptake of the radiotracers was quantified. Results: Hypoxic A431 cells are less radiosensitive to irradiation with [99mTc]Tc-HMPAO or [188Re]NaReO4 than normoxic ones. In contrast, the radiosensitivity of A431 cells is almost independent of the oxygen status when treated with the [223Ra]RaCl2. Conclusions: We demonstrate that the Auger electron/γ-emitter 99mTc ([99mTc]Tc-HMPAO), which does not bound directly to the DNA, is not a promising therapeutic option for hypoxic tumor cells. But the high LET α-particle-emitter 223Ra is more suitable for the treatment of hypoxic tumor cells than irradiation with [99mTc]Tc-HMPAO or the low LET bemitter 188Re.
La méthode formelle (en guise de nécrologie)
Authors: Tomaševskij Boris , Depretto Catherine 
Published: October 2018

Dès son apparition, le formalisme a été l’objet de discussions et de polémiques, ce qui a conduit ses représentants à prendre à leur tour la parole pour défendre le mouvement. Nous traduisons ici un texte inédit en français de Boris Tomaševskij, « La méthode formelle (en guise de nécrologie) », rédigé dès 1922, publié en 1925, et dont l’intérêt est loin d’être anecdotique. Il replace la genèse du formalisme dans un large contexte historico-culturel et précise la nature du mouvement, qui n’est pas une doctrine constituée mais repose sur un principe fondamental : étudier en littérature ce qui est donné (y compris la composante idéologique qu’aucun formaliste n’ignore), et le faire d’une façon spécifiquement littéraire.
Energeia , an Underestimated Facet of Šklovskij’s Concept of Sujet
Authors: Schmid Wolf 
Published: October 2018

Cet article examine un aspect, largement négligé par les recherches sur le formalisme russe, de la notion de sujet ( sjužet ) inventée par Viktor Šklovskij. Le concept de sujet ne désigne généralement ni le résultat de transformations ni le niveau ou le plan où ces transformations interviennent, mais le processus de la construction artistique, un moment de la « forme ». Šklovskij conçoit le sujet comme energeia . Il partage la conception aristotélicienne de l’origine de l’art, lequel ne résulterait pas d’une croissance organique, d’une transmission du passé ou d’un héritage, mais de l’acte de faire, πόειν . L’accent mis sur la fabrication correspond au concept central de la Poétique d’Aristote, la ποίησις , « réunion d’événements ». Le concept de sujet correspond à la catégorie ontologique d’ ἐνέργεια , c’est-à-dire d’« actualité » (« ce qui est à l’œuvre ») ou d’ ἐντελέχεια (« étant arrivé à destination et y demeurant »). Le sujet est ἐνέργεια , l’actualité, l’âme de l’œuvre narrative. Ce double aspect du concept de sujet chez Šklovskij, pouvoir énergétique au sens moderne et energeia au sens aristotélicien, détermine l’essence du récit.
Évaluation des connaissances des personnels soignants sur les pratiques d’administration de l’insuline et impact de l’introduction des insulines à forte concentration
Authors: Leroy Vincent , Lazaro Marine , Raymond Bastien , Henry Agnès 
Published: October 2018

L’insuline est un médicament à risque dont une variation des concentrations sanguines même légère peut entraîner des effets indésirables graves allant jusqu’au décès. L’erreur de dose administrée est une des principales causes de sur- ou de sous-dosage et la commercialisation récente des insulines à forte concentration (IFC) accroît ce risque. Nous avons évalué les connaissances de personnels soignants sur ces IFC, leur représentation de « l’unité d’insuline » (UI) et l’impact de ces connaissances sur le risque d’erreur d’administration. Une enquête, par entretien direct, a été menée dans huit services de médecine et de chirurgie au sein d’un centre hospitalier universitaire. Soixante-huit infirmiers et sages-femmes ont été interrogés. Vingt-six pour cent d’entre eux avaient déjà été confrontés à une prescription d’IFC et seuls 51,5 % définissaient correctement la notion d’UI. Seuls 18 % répondaient correctement à un cas pratique d’administration d’une prescription d’IFC, quand 35 % doublaient la dose et 24 % divisaient la dose par deux. Soixante pour cent indiquaient pratiquer régulièrement le prélèvement direct dans le septum du stylo avec une seringue à insuline graduée en U-100. Le risque lié à ce mésusage, très bien décrit dans la littérature, associé à une méconnaissance de la définition de l’UI est désormais majoré, avec l’arrivée des IFC.
Seven-Millimeter Bilateral Medial Rectus Recessions in Infantile Esotropia
Authors: Weakley David R , Stager David R , Everett May E 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACT
Thirty-six patients with large angle infantile esotropia averaging 74 prism diopters underwent 7-mm bilateral medial rectus recessions by the cul-de-sac approach. Successful horizontal alignment with the initial procedure when measured at the most recent follow-up examination (average 18.2 months postoperatively) was achieved in 27 patients (75%). Five patients (14%) were undercorrected and four patients (11%) were overcorrected.
The advantages of the method, as opposed to three or four muscle procedures, are that it is quicker, simpler, and a less traumatic procedure which leaves the lateral rectus muscles unoperated for future surgeries if necessary. This is effective even in very large angle congenital esotropia.
Inkjet and 3D Printing Technology for Fundamental Millimeter-Wave Wireless Packaging
Authors: Tehrani Bijan K. , Bahr Ryan A. , Tentzeris Manos M. 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
This article outlines the design, processing, and implementation of inkjet and 3D printing technologies for the development of fully printed, highly integrated millimeter-wave (mm-wave) wireless packages. The materials, tools, and processes of each technology are outlined and justified for their respective purposes. Inkjet-printed 3D interconnects directly interfacing a packaging substrate with an integrated circuit (IC) die are presented using printed dielectric ramps and coplanar waveguide transmission lines exhibiting low loss (.6–.8 dB/mm at 40 GHz). Stereolithography 3D printing is presented for the encapsulation of IC dice, enabling the application-specific integration of on-package structures, including dielectric lenses and frequency selective surface–based wireless filters. Finally, inkjet and 3D printing technology are combined to present sloped mm-wave interconnects through an encapsulant, or through mold vias, achieving a slope of up to 65° and low loss (.5–.6 dB/mm at 60 GHz). The combination of these additive techniques is highlighted for the development of scalable, application-specific wireless packages.