bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transformacja w przestrzeni. Wpływ modelu deweloperskiego na urbanizację Polski po 1989 roku
Authors: Drozda Łukasz 
Published: April 2019

The article describes the impact, the meaning and the characteristics of the housing estates developed by the real estate companies in Poland after 1989 and presents possible solutions to eliminate the dysfunctions of the inhabited space, which can improve the functionality of inhabited environment. That model of housing is one of the most typical elements of the settlement network in Poland. Unknown under the real socialism when the housing development was based on public and industrial investment and the so-called socialized housing, in the later period supplemented to a greater extent by individual projects. Real estate housing has negative impact on the quality of the urbanized space and the national economy, which results in the creation of a low quality living environment. On the other hand, to some extent they solve the problem of the housing shortage caused by the ine'cient public policy in that field. The study is based on source literature and o'cial statistics on the level of housing production in the analysed period.
Dług jako determinanta stabilności systemu finansów samorządowych
Authors: Filipiak Beata Zofia 
Published: April 2019

Local government debt has many functions: it stimulates development, it allows to make qualitative and quantitative changes in the scope of local government public tasks. However, existing budgetary rules also restrict development. The aim of this article is to answer the question whether the debt can be a factor in stabilizing the finances of local government? The article consists of four parts. The first part shows the position of local government debt against income and expenditure of local government units. The second part discusses the determinants of stability of usage of local government debt. The third part presents the trends and arguments for the use of debt as a means of stabilizing the finances of local government units. The final section discusses the destabilizing impact of debt on the finances of local government units.
Przejrzystość fiskalna a stabilność polskiego systemu finansów publicznych
Authors: Malinowska-Misiąg Elżbieta 
Published: April 2019

The aim of the article is to verify the impact of fiscal transparency on the quality and reliability of public finance sector data which in turn are the basis for formulating conclusions on the effectiveness of fiscal policy and the sustainability of public finance. The article identifies and provides examples of the primary areas that impair fiscal transparency in Poland, particularly: the scope of public finance sector, the extra-budgetary institutions and fiscal rules. In conclusion the author underlines that the findings based on published budgetary data can be subject to a significant error.
Unia bankowa a stabilność systemu finansowego UE
Authors: Mikita Małgorzata 
Published: April 2019

Banking union is a new concept of the European Union in the field of financial market. The project aim is to strengthen the financial system and increase its resistance to crises that may arise in the future. This article aims to analyse the impact of the banking union on the stability of the financial system in the EU. Three pillars of the banking union are taken into account: single supervisory mechanism, single resolution mechanism and single deposit guarantee scheme. The author argues that the banking union can contribute to the stability of the financial system in the EU, but it cannot guarantee it
Ekonomia społeczna wobec wyzwań polityki społecznej - w poszukiwaniu wspólnych relacji i przestrzeni
Authors: Łojko Majka 
Published: April 2019

The aim of the article is to present the relations between social economy and social policy as well as to identify the main challenges in the sphere of mutual relations. The main thesis of the article is contained in the statement that the social economy sector is an important instrument for the implementation of social policy, so far insufficiently appreciated and applied in its activities. Social economy, because of its current validity and defined priorities in social policy, deserves a systematic and in-depth research as well as practical application. This paper comprises theoretical considerations presented on the basis of the source literature
METABOLISM ANALYSIS IN MICE WITH REDUCED CITRATE SYNTHASE ACTIVITY
Authors: Fokin Andrej , Minderis Petras , Žūkienė Rasa , Ratkevičius Aivaras 
Published: April 2019

Background. Citrate synthase (CS) plays an important role in the regulation of carbohydrate oxidation.
Variation in citrate synthase activity has an influence on metabolic changes. We tested the hypothesis that reduced
mitochondrial CS activity could affect energy expenditure (EE) and respiratory quotient (RQ) in mouse model with
an emphasizing on gender differences between tested strains.
Methods. 16-week of age wild-type C57Bl/6J (B6) mouse strain, B6.A-(rs3676616-D10Utsw1)/Kjn (B6.A) and
C57BL/6J-Chr 10A/J/NaJ (B6.A10) strains with reduced CS activity were studied in physiocage by the “Panlab”
metabolism analysing equipment. The following parameters were calculated: EE (ml/min/kg^0.75), RQ, physical
activity and rearing.
Results. In female mice EE values were lower in B6.A10 strain compared to wild-type B6 strain. RQ values
were similar in all tested mouse strains. In B6 mice EE was higher in females compared to males. Rearing was
elevated in females of B6 mice compared to males.
Conclusions. EE was lower in B6.A10 compared to B6 mice. Gender differences were noticed only in B6 mice:
EE and rearing were significantly higher in female compared to male mice. Current study did not reveal any other
association between reduced CS activity and EE or RQ variation in male and female mice.
PERENDAMAN (SOANGKING) LIMBAH ORGANIK DAPUR (KITCHEN) DI HOTEL LOMBOK RAYA KOTA MATARAM
Authors: Purwata I Ketut 
Published: April 2019

Pertumbuhan industri pariwisata khususnya perhotelan kedepannya sangat menjanjikan sebagai penggerak perekonomian untuk kesejahteraan masyarakat. Efek industry ini mampu menggerakkan semua sektor kehidupan masyarakat. Namun kemajuan ini memiliki efek terhadap lingkungan hidup khususnya limbah organik dapur (kitchen) yang dihasilkan, jika tidak ditangani dengan baik, berupa polusi bau dan sampah. Hotel Lombok Raya sebagai salah satu hotel yang berada di Kota Mataram, Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat menghadapi permasalahan dalam penanganan limbah organik dapur ini, khususnya dampak langsung terhadap masyarakat sekitar.Oleh karena itu dalam rangka mendukung pembangunan pariwisata dan ekonomi kreatif di Kota Mataram sebagai komponen masyarakat turut menyangga pembangunan Pariwisata dan ekonomi kreatif, maka solusi yang ingin dicapai dalam program PKMS ini adalah : “ Pihak Hotel Lombok Raya dapat menekan tingkat polusi yang ditimbulkan dari limbah organik dapur (kitchen), dan limbah tersebut justru dapat bermanfaat bagi sektor peternak dan bidang pertanian” Metode yang digunakan adalah penyuluhan dan sosialisasi dan bimbingan teknis (bintek) bagi karyawan-karyawati Hotel Lombok Raya, dalam proses penangan limbah dapur (kitchen) dengan proses perendaman (soaking) sampai kepada pengolahan limbah menjadi bahan yang bermanfaat berupa pakan ternak, melakukan pendampingan dalam memperkenalkan, menyalurkan dan tata cara pemanfaatan limbah kepada peternak dan petani serta penguatan jejaring. Rencana kegiatan yang akan dilakukan dalam pengabdian ini adalah sebagai berikut : 1) Melakukan penyuluhan dan bintek tata cara penanganan limbah yang efektif dengan cara perendaman (soaking) dengan melakukan hubungan kemitraan di Hotel Lombok Raya di Kota Mataram dan di jadikan sebagai suatu kebijakkan 2) Melakukan penyuluhan kepada peternak khususnya peternak itik dan petani tehnik dan cara pemanfaatan limbah hasil proses perendaman sebagai pakan alternatif dan pemanfaatan air perendaman sebagai alternatif pupuk tanaman, di Desa Medas Desa Kecamatan Gunung Sari, Kabupaten Lombok Barat 3) Membantu dan Melatih serta pendampingan peternak dan petani dalam pengolahan sendiri limbah organik dapur dengan sitem perendaman (soaking) agar lebih berkesinambungan. 4) Memberikan pelatihan dalam proses pengemasan yang baik dan hygienis produksi peternak berupa telur dan hasil pertanian berupa sayur mayur.
Étude structurale de Mg3N2
Authors: David Jean , Laurent Yves , Lang Jean 
Published: April 2019

The structure of Mg₃N₂ has been investigated by mean of a single crystal. Mg₃N₂ is isotypic with Mg₃P₂ and possesses the anti-bixbyite structure. The unit cell parameter is : a = 9.964 ± 0.001 Å and the space group is Ia₃ (T₇[h]). The final R value calculated for all observed reflexions is 0.074.
Étude structurale de Ca Ge N2 et Ca1˗xGe N2
Authors: Maunaye Marcel , Guyader Jean , Laurent Yves , Lang Jean 
Published: April 2019

L'étude structurale de CaGeN₂ montre que celui-ci cristallise dans le système quadratique avec a = 5,42₆ Å et c = 7,154 Å ; le groupe spatial est I[-4]2d. La structure consiste en un enchaînement de tétraèdres Ge-4N analogue à celui des tétraèdres Si-4O de la cristobalite ß. Les atomes de Ca se trouvent dans les cavités de ce réseau, et sont entourés tétraédriquement par les atomes d'azote.
Une série de composés Ca₁₋ₓGeN₂ est obtenue par l'action sélective de l'oxygène sur le calcium qui laisse intact le squelette tétraédrique Ge-4N. On observe une variation des paramètres. Le groupe spatial est conservé, l'atome de Ca occupant statistiquement le site précédemment défini.
Mise au point sur la notation des faces du zircon. Élaboration d'une méthode d'indexation rapide des faces des zircons accessoires des roches par utilisation d'abaques
Authors: Caruba Raoul , Turco Guy 
Published: April 2019

Authors discribing zircon crystals or studying lattice and structure of this mineral often use two different indexation modes for its faces. To avoid this confusion, we have set up reference indexations of all known faces of natural zircon crystals according ro radiocrystallographic datas.
All real dehedral angles formed by these faces are also determined and stereographic projection drawn up. Moreover, real angles formed by the main zircon edges and (001) are calculated.
From this we have drawn up original charts that could be of great help for the indexation of rocks accessory zircon crystals in slides.
Використання інтегральних вправ у фізичній підготовці спортсменів-айкідістів
Authors: Striclavenko Ye.A. , Shalar O.G. , Huzar V.M. 
Published: April 2019

Мета: узагальнити методику використання інтегральних вправ для розвитку фізичних якостей айкідістів на етапі початкової підготовки. Матеріал: у дослідженні прийняли участь юні айкідісти 11-13 років групи початкової підготовки, які займалися в спортивно-юнацькому клубі при херсонській обласній федерації з айкідо. Всі тести, що використовувались в дослідженні були розподілені на дві групи. Тести для визначення загальної фізичної підготовленості були спрямовані на прояв юними спортсменами швидкісно-силових здібностей, спритності, сили та гнучкості. Тести для визначення спеціальної фізичної підготовленості юних айкідістів були спрямовані на прояв спеціальної координаційної підготовленості, швидкість та силу верхнього плечового поясу, спеціальної витривалості та сили нижніх кінцівок. Результати: методика тренування складалась з різних комплексів інтегральних вправ, які застосовувались, як в підготовчій частині тренування так і в основній та заключній. Абсолютно за всіма тестами, що визначають загальну фізичну підготовленість рівень приросту середніх результатів знаходиться в межах від 5 % до 35%. При чому найбільші зміни зафіксовані в показниках тесту нахил вперед з положення сидячи - 35,1 %, а найменші за стрибок у довжину з місця - 4,8%. Висновки: правильне та раціональне використання різноманітних засобів та методів розвитку фізичних якостей дозволяє ефективно впливати на рівень фізичної підготовленості юних айкідістів і дає можливість досягти їм максимально високого рівня майстерності. В сучасному айкідо лише тільки раціональне поєднання всіх сторін підготовленості дасть змогу досягти значних результатів. Перспективним напрямком подальшого дослідження є синтез фізичної та технічної підготовки юних акідістів під час використання вправ інтегрального характеру
GeV–TeV Cosmic-Ray Leptons in the Solar System from the Bow Shock Wind Nebula of the Nearest Millisecond Pulsar J0437–4715
Authors: Bykov A. M. , Petrov A. E. , Krassilchtchikov A. M. , Levenfish K. P. , Osipov S. M. , Pavlov G. G. 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
We consider the acceleration of leptons up to GeV–TeV energies in the bow shock wind nebula of PSR J0437–4715 and their subsequent diffusion through the interstellar magnetic fields. The leptons accelerated at the pulsar wind termination surface are injected into re-acceleration in colliding shock flows. Modeled spectra of synchrotron emission from the accelerated electrons and positrons are consistent with the far-ultraviolet and X-ray observations of the nebula carried out with the Hubble Space Telescope and Chandra X-ray Observatory. These observations are employed to constrain the absolute fluxes of relativistic leptons, which are escaping from the nebula and eventually reaching the solar system after energy-dependent diffusion through the local interstellar medium accompanied by synchrotron and Compton losses. It is shown that accelerated leptons from the nebula of PSR J0437–4715 can be responsible both for the enhancement of the positron fraction above a few GeV detected by PAMELA and AMS-02 spectrometers and for the TeV range lepton fluxes observed with H.E.S.S., VERITAS, Fermi, CALET, and DAMPE.
Lean Mass Declines Consistently over 10 Years in People living with HIV on Antiretroviral Therapy, with Patterns Differing by Sex
Authors:   the Modena HIV Metabolic Cohort Team, Debroy Paula , Lake Jordan E , Sim Myung , Erlandson Kristine M , Falutz Julian , Prado Carla M , Brown Todd T , Guaraldi Giovanni 
Published: April 2019

Background The long-term trajectory of and factors affecting lean mass in people living with HIV (PLWH) are incompletely described. Methods PLWH in the Modena HIV Metabolic Cohort underwent dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scans every 6–12 months for up to 10 years (median 4.6 scans). Mixed effect regression modelling in combined and sex-stratified models determined annual rates of and clinical factors significantly associated with appendicular lean mass (ALM). Results A total of 839 women and 1,759 men contributing ≥2 DXA scans had baseline median age 44 years and 14 years since HIV diagnosis; 76% were virologically suppressed on antiretroviral therapy (ART). Baseline median ALM was 16.9 kg for women and 24.8 kg for men. ALM decreased during the study period, with mean yearly ALM loss of −231 g in women and −322 g in men. Less ALM was associated with female sex, age >50 years, detectable HIV-1 RNA, and tenofovir and integrase inhibitor use. Greater ALM was associated with longer ART duration. In sex-stratified models, relationships between ALM and total ART duration and integrase inhibitor use were not significant for women, but the relationship with tenofovir use persisted. For men, AIDS wasting and CD4+ T-lymphocyte nadir <200 cells/ml were independently associated with lower ALM. Conclusions ALM steadily declined over time in this cohort of PLWH on ART that included a large number of women. HIV- and ART-specific risk factors emerged that varied by sex. The observed associations between tenofovir or integrase inhibitor use and lower ALM particularly warrant further study.
Qaujimanira: Inuit Art as Autoethnography
Authors: Zawadski Krista Ulujuk 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Inuit art has a history of representing Inuit ways of life, beliefs, and stories through an autoethnographic lens. An examination of the history of Inuit art reveals the Inuit gaze is dominated by Inuit representations of ourselves, allowing for Inuit agency in what is represented in the art.
Frederick Alexcee's Entangled Gazes
Authors: McCormick Kaitlin 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
This article discusses how Tsimshian artist Frederick Alexcee (1853–1939) represented his community of Lax Kw'alaams (Fort/Port Simpson) in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Created for sale to non-Indigenous people, Alexcee's works in various media reveal a distinctly Tsimshian—and perhaps personal—perspective, which, it is argued, reversed the colonial gaze. Alexcee's artistic perspectives, and the choices he made in determining the content and style of his work present in the ethnographic record, speak to the ways he represented Tsimshian history and identity. Although his work was ostensibly directed at Euro-Canadian settler audiences, the various ways that he decentered, or chose not to represent, European presences in Lax Kw'alaams raise the question of who his works were really for.
“Rather Unusual Stuff”: Nathan Jackson's Early Advent of a Tlingit Modern
Authors: Green Christopher T. 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
This article considers the work of Nathan Jackson, the preeminent Alaskan Tlingit carver and revivalist of the postwar period, who engaged modernist forms and principles in his early career. His paintings, prints, and experiments in textile design combined Tlingit motifs with expressive color fields and abstract space. Developed under instructors associated with modernist movements such as the Indian Space Painters, Jackson's relationship with modernism represents an alternative to the neotraditionalism of his contemporaries. However, despite achieving initial acclaim for his experiments in printmaking and painting, Jackson came to reject this aspect of his training in favor of classical Tlingit forms and practices. Jackson's early oeuvre thus imbricates Euro-American modernism in the history of Northwest Coast Native art alongside the emulation of nineteenth-century forms, and his eventual rejection of modernist styles refutes the relationship between Indigenous and modern art as one of unidirectional appropriation.
Narrative Capability: Self-Recognition and Mutual Recognition in Refugees' Storytelling
Authors: Bonini Baldini Simona 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
“Who are you?” This request for narrative in the testimony of refugees poses the problem of how refugees can define their identity. This determination is the result of a process influenced by external input, where media representations play a central role. This article aims to reflect on the relationship between the process of the recognition of refugees and the act of narration, based on the conceptual bridge between Paul Ricoeur's theoretical thought and Amartya Sen's capability approach.
Development of genomic simple sequence repeat markers for Glycyrrhiza lepidota and cross-amplification of other Glycyrrhiza species
Authors: Bang Jun Hyoung , Hong Chi Eun , Raveendar Sebastin , Bang Kyong Hwan , Ma Kyung Ho , Kwon Soon Wook , Ryu Hojin , Jo Ick Hyun , Chung Jong Wook 
Published: April 2019

Background. Licorice (Glycyrrhiza spp. L.) is used as a natural sweetener and medicinal herb. Molecular studies have been conducted to find differences between wild and cultivated species because most wild species are highly resistant to abiotic and biotic stresses compared with their cultivated counterparts. However, few molecular markers have been developed for studying the genetic diversity and population structure of licorice species and to identify differences between cultivars. Thus, the present study aimed to develop a set of genomic simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers for molecular studies of these species.
Methods. We designed 100 SSR markers based on the whole-genome sequence data of wild Glycyrrhiza lepidota and selected 62 SSR markers.
Results. The genetic diversity analysis using these markers identified 2–23 alleles, and the major allele frequency, observed heterozygosity, genetic diversity, and polymorphism information content were 0.11–0.91, 0–0.90, 0.17–0.94, and 0.15–0.93, respectively. Interspecies transferability values were 93.5%, 91.6%, and 91.1% for G. echinata, G. glabra, and G. uralensis, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis clustered cultivated (group 1) and wild (group 2) species into three and two subgroups, respectively. The SSR markers developed here can be applied to genetic diversity, population structure, and cultivar differentiation studies, as well as to breeding of licorice varieties.
Shared genomic outliers across two divergent population clusters of a highly threatened seagrass
Authors: Phair Nikki Leanne , Toonen Robert John , Knapp Ingrid , von der Heyden Sophie 
Published: April 2019

The seagrass,Zostera capensis, occurs across a broad stretch of coastline and wide environmental gradients in estuaries and sheltered bays in southern and eastern Africa. Throughout its distribution, habitats are highly threatened and poorly protected, increasing the urgency of assessing the genomic variability of this keystone species. A pooled genomic approach was employed to obtain SNP data and examine neutral genomic variation and to identify potential outlier loci to assess differentiation across 12 populations across the ∼9,600 km distribution ofZ. capensis. Results indicate high clonality and low genomic diversity within meadows, which combined with poor protection throughout its range, increases the vulnerability of this seagrass to further declines or local extinction. Shared variation at outlier loci potentially indicates local adaptation to temperature and precipitation gradients, with Isolation-by-Environment significantly contributing towards shaping spatial variation inZ. capensis. Our results indicate the presence of two population clusters, broadly corresponding to populations on the west and east coasts, with the two lineages shaped only by frequency differences of outlier loci. Notably, ensemble modelling of suitable seagrass habitat provides evidence that the clusters are linked to historical climate refugia around the Last Glacial Maxi-mum. Our work suggests a complex evolutionary history ofZ. capensisin southern and eastern Africa that will require more effective protection in order to safeguard this important ecosystem engineer into the future.
Effects of High Temperature in the Combustion Chamber of a Drop Tube Furnace (DTF) for Different Thermochemical Processes
Authors: Cruz Glauber , Crnkovic Paula Manoel 
Published: April 2019

Introduction: Thermochemical and biochemical processes are used to convert biomass into useful and sustainable energy. Thermoconversion processes comprises the biomasses burning in an oxygen-rich environment or in the absence of this, where types and fuel properties, process conditions, particles size, air flow rate and fuel moisture affect directly the combustion characteristics, altering the generation and heat transfer and the reaction rates. The combustion chamber temperature is an important factor for the biomasses combustion or other material, because this exerts large influence in the thermal processes efficiency, products yield and composition of the generated products.
Research Problem: For this reason, this paper aims to investigate the high temperature behavior in the combustion chamber of a Drop Tube Furnace (DTF)
Methods: Different thermochemical processes (conventional combustion, pyrolysis and two typical oxy-fuel combustion atmospheres) and five Brazilian biomasses (pine sawdust, sugarcane bagasse, coffee and rice husks, and tucumã seed) are employed. Such monitoring in situ was performed using two thermocouples located inside the furnace: one in the upper and other in bottom part.
Results: For the different biomasses and thermal processes (atmospheres), a trend in the high temperature variations of the combustion chamber and residence times were observed, which can be related to the biomasses feeding system, moisture of samples and specific furnace operation conditions.
Conclusion: This study can support in new projects elaboration of thermochemical conversion systems in lab-scale or industrial for the burning of several biomasses or other materials with purpose bioenergy generation.