bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mechanical Insights into Aggregation‐Induced Delayed Fluorescence Materials with Anti‐Kasha Behavior
Authors: Guo Jingjing , Fan Jianzhong , Lin Lili , Zeng Jiajie , Liu Hao , Wang Chuan‐Kui , Zhao Zujin , Tang Ben Zhong 
Published: December 2018

AbstractOrganic materials with aggregation‐induced delayed fluorescence (AIDF) have exhibited impressive merits for improving electroluminescence efficiency and decreasing efficiency roll‐off of nondoped organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs). However, the lack of comprehensive insights into the underlying mechanism may impede further development and application of AIDF materials. Herein, AIDF materials consisting of benzoyl serving as an electron acceptor, and phenoxazine and fluorene derivatives as electron donors are reported. They display greatly enhanced fluorescence with increased delayed component upon aggregate formation. Experimental and theoretical investigations reveal that this AIDF phenomenon can be rationally ascribed to the suppression of internal conversion and the promotion of intersystem crossing in solid. Moreover, the theoretical calculations disclose that the efficient solid‐state delayed fluorescence originates from the higher energy electronic excited state (e.g., S2) rather than the lowest energy‐excited state (S1), demonstrating an anti‐Kasha behavior. The excellent AIDF property allows high exciton utilization and thus superb performance of OLEDs using these new materials as light‐emitting layers.
Electrocatalysts for PEM Fuel Cells
Authors: Ioroi Tsutomu , Siroma Zyun , Yamazaki Shin‐ichi , Yasuda Kazuaki 
Published: December 2018

AbstractDegradation phenomena of electrocatalysts for proton‐exchange membrane fuel cells and their mechanisms are reviewed. Platinum dissolution and redeposition, carbon‐support corrosion, inhomogeneity during start‐up and cell reversal are discussed as factors that influence the degradation of electrocatalysts with relation to electrode potential. Early research findings at the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Japan, are mainly used as a basis of discussion. The development of highly durable electrocatalysts using an oxide support based on the results of degradation studies to suppress electrocatalyst degradation is summarized with a main focus on Pt‐deposited Ti4O7catalysts developed at AIST. The development of high‐CO‐concentration durable anode electrocatalysts is also reviewed. In particular, an electrocatalyst that uses an organic complex as a co‐electrocatalyst with a platinum ruthenium alloy anode electrocatalyst developed at AIST is included as a novel high‐CO‐concentration durable anode electrocatalyst.
The influence of aging on consumer decision‐making
Authors: Drolet Aimee , Jiang Li , Pour Mohammad Aylar , Davis Cassandra 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe worldwide phenomenon of population aging has generated increasing interest among consumer researchers in understanding the complicated influence of aging on consumer mental processes and behavior. This article reviews significant changes due to aging in sensory functioning, cognition, and affect and motivation on consumer decision‐making. Whereas some age‐related changes have negative effects on the quality of decision processes and outcomes, others have positive effects. The current review demonstrates the importance of using different approaches to address the needs and well‐being of older consumers versus younger consumers.
Wissenschafts‐ und Technikhistoriker/‐innen als Zeitenfresser
Authors: Trischler Helmuth 
Published: December 2018

AbstractHistorians of Science and Technology as Time‐eaters. Historians for long mainly focussed on the last couple of millenia. Recently, they have reached out to colonize different temporal worlds. While Deep History seeks to get a better understanding of the development of anatomically modern humans and their culture, Big History integrates cosmological, geological and human temporalities to develop new narratives on the big picture. Hence, historians are time‐eaters. They share their foremost prey, however, with other disciplines such as anthropology and archaeology, paleontology and primatology, linguistics and molecular genetics, with which they collaborate and at the same time compete when reaching out for new temporal concepts such as the Anthropocene. This article understands the both rich and controversial debate on the Anthropocene, the epoch of the humans, as a positive provocation. For historians of science and technology, it offers a welcome opportunity to critically re‐assess their established sets of narratives by interlinking geological and human time‐scales. Newly developed terms such as the “technosphere” and the “technocene” force them to (1) re‐think their concept of technology, (2) better integrate history of technology and environmental history, and (3) replace linear temporalities by layered models of historical change.
Gehirnausstülpungen. Zur Wissenschaftsgeschichte intellektueller Arbeit
Authors: Wimmer Mario 
Published: December 2018

AbstractCerebral Protuberances. Towards a History of Intellectual Work. In this paper, I unfold the implications of Warburg's notion of “cerebral protuberance” (German: “Gehirnhirnausstülpung”) for a historical epistemology of intellectual work and material imagination. Attention to the penultimate character of conceptual language, I argue, allows for an analysis of unconscious aspects in the process of knowledge formation. Revisiting Gaston Bachelard's conception of historical epistemology in the age of neuroplasticity, I suggest to attend to the reverberations between history of science and intellectual history in order to arrive at a better understanding of the exteriority of intellectual activity and the importance of affect in scientific and scholarly production.
Die Zukunft der Wissen/schaft/sgeschichten
Authors: Nickelsen Kärin 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe Future of the Histories of Science and Knowledge. This essay addresses the relationship between the history of science and the history of knowledge, particularly in view of the situation in Germany. This relationship has become a controversial issue, culminating in the suggestion that the history of science suffers of irremediable shortcomings and, hence, ought to be replaced by the less problematic history of knowledge. The essay raises doubt in this analysis, while a more comprehensive discussion will be presented in a special issue on this topic, to be published in this journal next year.
Kritische Interventionen in den Lebenswissenschaften – (k)eine Aufgabe für die Wissenschaftsgeschichte?
Authors: Lipphardt Veronika 
Published: December 2018

AbstractCritical Interventions in the Life Sciences – not a Task for the History of Science? This brief paper asks whether historians of science – along with scholars from Science and Technology Studies – should intervene if, in their research, they come across ethically and societally problematic behavior of scientists. I discuss whether and how interventions can be made in such a case that go beyond publishing scholarly articles. In contrast to Nicholas Rose, who claims that determinism and reductionism are no longer driving forces in the life sciences and that scholars from history of science and STS should hence form new relationships with life scientists, I hold that such a general understanding of ‘life scientists’ is at odds with the reality of scientific communities. The challenge is rather to find those colleagues in the life sciences who agree with our criticism. At the same time, such discipline‐crossing collaborative interventions need to carefully watch out for responsible communication in all directions.
Kontrapunktische Reflexionsarbeit in der Nische
Authors: Möllmann Christopher 
Published: December 2018

AbstractA Plea for Contrapuntal Work of Reflection in a Niche. This essay traces a still highly influential little ‘Sattelzeit’ in the historiography of science and humanities that occurred more than two decades ago. It expounds some of the problems that have been arising from the disciplinary diffusion of scientific‐historical research agendas and the boom of a history of knowledge. It is sceptical of new forms of positivism and argues amongst other things for more critical genealogies of contemporary discursive hegemonies, in‐depth studies of the fluctuating cultural authority of modern science, and a new reflection on the specific traits of a genuinely scientific‐historical imagination.
Wissen und Wissenschaftsgeschichte
Authors: Steinle Friedrich 
Published: December 2018

AbstractKnowledge and the History of Science. This essay asks how the object of history of knowledge could be delineated so as to keep it distinct from the history of science (that has always dealt with knowledge) and, at the same time, to keep it specific enough not to turn into a general history of all human activities. By way of discussing the type of knowledge we could call ‘scientific’, and arguing that history of science should take an integrative approach, I propose that a history of knowledge should focus on generalizing accounts taken in most various domains and cultures.
Und am Ende kümmerten sie sich um das Wissenschaftsmuseum…
Authors: Dommann Monika 
Published: December 2018

AbstractAnd at the End They Took Care of the Science Museum… This is the story of history of science, and why in the twenty‐first century it ended up curating the legacy of science, as we knew it. Once upon a time, history of science lived quietly and studious next to the Natural and the Medical Sciences and their wax models, their herbaria, the geological collections, and all the scientific instruments that once had been modern. Suddenly, around 1980, new interests in Philosophy, Sociology and Cultural Studies arose. Provocative research questions as for example the history of rationality, the history of the subaltern technicians in the laboratory, and the ontology and epistemology of the hybrids between nature and culture inspired the intellectual discussions. Although the field flourished, received an abundance of funding and could even build up its own research institutes, after the Millennium, its very existence became gradually jeopardized. Science as we knew it since the Enlightenment lost grounds. The New Economy and not the state anymore provided the funding for research. History of science didn't succeed to survive as expert for data, blind spots, fakes, misinformation, lies, conspiracy theories, and historical thinking in times of scientific accelerations. It began with the loss of reputation, followed by the loss of the job. At the end, history of science lived, not unhappily, ever after as curators of the legacy of Science as we knew it.
Die Quadratur des Bermudadreiecks
Authors: Müggenburg Jan , Vehlken Sebastian 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe Squaring of the Bermuda Triangle. In the course of the great success of theory programs and the funding of young researchers within media studies and the history of science over the past 15 years, a generation of scholars has emerged (including the authors of this article) who have been genuinely trained in approaching interdisciplinary problems and objects. However, in view of a recently increasing renaissance of scientific ‘disciplines’, this raises the question of how to deal with such an innate lack of discipline in the future. We respond here with two personal scenes that are by no means intended as a self‐adulation of our own research approaches, but as pleas for a continued multi‐voicedness between the history of science, media studies, the history of technology, and other interdisciplinary (non‐)disciplines.
Ligand Migration from Cluster to Support: A Crucial Factor for Catalysis by Thiolate‐protected Gold Clusters
Authors: Zhang Bei , Sels Annelies , Salassa Giovanni , Pollitt Stephan , Truttmann Vera , Rameshan Christoph , Llorca Jordi , Olszewski Wojciech , Rupprechter Günther , Bürgi Thomas , Barrabés Noelia 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe front cover artwork for issue 23/2018 is provided by an international group of scientists from the University of Geneva (Switzerland), the Technical University of Vienna (Austria), the Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya and ALBA Synchrotron Light Facility (Spain), and the University of Bialystok (Poland). The image shows the thiol ligand migration from the gold nanocluster to the surface once it has been supported, forming sulfur oxide species. See the Communication itself at https://doi.org/10.1002/cctc.201801474.
Monitoring gradient formation in a jet aerated bioreactor
Authors: Weber Sebastian , Schaepe Sebastian , Freyer Stephan , Kopf Michael‐Helmut , Dietzsch Christian 
Published: December 2018

AbstractJet aerated loop reactors (JLRs) provide high mass transfer coefficients (kLa) and can be used for the intensification of mass transfer limited reactions. The jet loop reactor achieves higher kLa values than a stirred tank reactor (STR). The improvement relies on significantly higher local power inputs (∼104) than those obtainable with the STR. Operation at high local turnover rates requires efficient macromixing, otherwise reactor inhomogeneities might occur. If sufficient homogenization is not achieved, the selectivity of the reaction and the respective yields are decreased. Therefore, the balance between mixing and mass transfer in jet loop reactors is a critical design aspect. Monitoring the dissolved oxygen levels during the turnover of a steady sodium sulfite feed implied the abundance of gradients in the JLR. Prolonged mixing times at identical power input and aeration rates (∼100%) were identified for the JLR in comparison to the STR. The insertion of a draft tube to the JLR led to a more homogenous dissolved oxygen distribution, but unfortunately a reduction of mixing time was not achieved. In case of increased medium viscosities as they may arise in high cell density cultivations, no gradient formation was detected. However, differences in medium viscosity significantly altered the mass transfer and mixing performance of the JLR.
Bortezomib retreatment for relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma in real‐world clinical practice
Authors: Hulin Cyrille , de la Rubia Javier , Dimopoulos Meletios A. , Terpos Evangelos , Katodritou Eirini , Hungria Vania , De Samblanx Hadewijch , Stoppa Anne‐Marie , Aagesen Jesper , Sargin Deniz , Sioni Anastasia , Belch Andrew , Diels Joris , Olie Robert A. , Robinson Don , Potamianou Anna , van de Velde Helgi , Delforge Michel 
Published: December 2018

AbstractAimsStudies have shown that bortezomib retreatment is effective in relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (MM). The observational, prospective electronic VELCADE® OBservational Study (eVOBS) study assessed bortezomib‐based therapies for patients with MM in everyday practice. Here, we report on those patients receiving retreatment with bortezomib.MethodsConsenting adults scheduled to receive bortezomib for MM were enrolled at 162 sites across Europe, Canada, Brazil, Russia, and Turkey between 2006 and 2010. Retrospective data on prior therapies and prospective observational data after bortezomib initiation were captured electronically at baseline, after every bortezomib cycle, and every 12 weeks after discontinuation or progression. Investigator‐assessed responses and adverse events (AEs) were evaluated.ResultsNinety‐six of 873 patients enrolled to eVOBS received bortezomib as first retreatment for progressive disease during the prospective observation period. Median age was 62 years, 53% were male, and median number of prior therapies at retreatment was 4. Overall, 41% of patients initiated bortezomib retreatment in combination with dexamethasone, 16% in combination with lenalidomide, and 21% received monotherapy. Rate of partial response or better (≥PR) was 75% at initial bortezomib therapy, including 44% complete response (CR)/near CR (nCR); at retreatment, ≥PR rate was 46%, including 15% CR/nCR. Median progression‐free survival was 11.4 months (95% confidence interval [CI]: 9.1‐12.7) from start of initial bortezomib treatment and 6.4 months (95% CI: 4.4‐7.2) from start of retreatment. Median overall survival from start of retreatment was 17.6 months (95% CI: 14.4‐23.5). Of the 96 patients retreated with bortezomib, 77% reported an AE. Peripheral neuropathy during bortezomib retreatment occurred in 49% of patients, including 10% grade 3/4.ConclusionThese data suggest that retreatment with bortezomib is a feasible option for patients with relapsed/refractory MM.
The current trends of Mg alloys in biomedical applications—A review
Authors: Riaz Usman , Shabib Ishraq , Haider Waseem 
Published: December 2018

AbstractMagnesium (Mg) has emerged as an ideal alternative to the permanent implant materials owing to its enhanced properties such as biodegradation, better mechanical strengths than polymeric biodegradable materials and biocompatibility. It has been under investigation as an implant material both in cardiovascular and orthopedic applications. The use of Mg as an implant material reduces the risk of long‐term incompatible interaction of implant with tissues and eliminates the second surgical procedure to remove the implant, thus minimizes the complications. The hurdle in the extensive use of Mg implants is its fast degradation rate, which consequently reduces the mechanical strength to support the implant site. Alloy development, surface treatment, and design modification of implants are the routes that can lead to the improved corrosion resistance of Mg implants and extensive research is going on in all three directions. In this review, the recent trends in the alloying and surface treatment of Mg have been discussed in detail. Additionally, the recent progress in the use of computational models to analyze Mg bioimplants has been given special consideration. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 107B: 1970–1996, 2019.
Dual Targeting of Bile Acid Receptor-1 (TGR5) and Farnesoid X Receptor (FXR) Prevents Estrogen-Dependent Bone Loss in Mice
Authors: Li Zhenxi , Huang Jinping , Wang Fanhua , Li Wenjun , Wu Xian , Zhao Chenglong , Zhao Jian , Wei Haifeng , Wu Zhipeng , Qian Ming , Sun Peng , He Liang , Jin Yunyun , Tang Jie , Qiu Wenwei , Siwko Stefan , Liu Mingyao , Luo Jian , Xiao Jianru 
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACT

Osteoporosis is a global bone disease characterized by reduced bone mineral density (BMD) and increased risk of fractures. The risk of developing osteoporosis increases with aging, especially after menopause in women. Discovering the signaling pathways that play a significant role in aging- and menopause-induced osteoporosis should accelerate osteoporosis drug discovery. In this study, we found that bile acid membrane receptor Tgr5 knockout C57BL/6J mice had similar bone mass as wild-type mice during early and middle-age (before 4 months old) bone remodeling; however, Tgr5-/- markedly decreased bone mass in aged (more than 7 months old) and ovariectomized (OVX) mice compared with wild-type mice. Moreover, Tgr5 knockout strongly induced osteoclast differentiation but had no effect on osteoblast activity. Treatment with different TGR5 agonists consistently inhibited osteoclast differentiation. Importantly, our results showed that Tgr5 regulates osteoclastogenesis by the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling pathway, which is a central metabolic pathway involved in the pathophysiology of aging and age-related diseases. The bile acid nuclear receptor FXR is an established regulator of bone metabolism. We screened the derivatives of betulinic acid (BA), a known TGR5 agonist, to identify novel dual agonists of FXR and TGR5. The derivative SH-479, a pentacyclic triterpene acid, could activate both TGR5 and FXR, with a better inhibitory effect on osteoclastogenesis compared with agonists solely activating FXR or TGR5 and additionally enhanced osteoblastogenesis. Furthermore, SH-479 therapeutically abrogated bone loss in C57BL/6J mice through the bone remodeling pathways. Together, our results demonstrate that dual targeting the bile acid membrane receptor TGR5 and nuclear receptor FXR is a promising strategy for osteoporosis. © 2018 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Usefulness of lead repositioning from left to right sternal border for a patient with subcutaneous implantable cardioverter defibrillator showing high defibrillation threshold
Authors: Wakabayashi Yasushi , Mitsuhashi Takeshi , Fujita Hideo , Momomura Shin‐ichi 
Published: December 2018

AbstractA 62‐year‐old man with Brugada syndrome underwent subcutaneous implantable cardioverter defibrillator implantation. The lead was positioned along the left sternal border and defibrillation threshold (DFT) testing was performed. However, ventricular fibrillation (VF) was not terminated with 65 J and 80 J shocks. Shock impedance was 82 ohms. We repositioned the lead to the right sternal border and performed DFT testing again, followed by the VF termination with a 65 J shock. Shock impedance was 59 ohms. The positional relationship among the lead, generator, and heart was changed by lead repositioning, which may have contributed to improved shock impedance and DFT.
Assessing integration of black cockatoos using behavioral change point analysis
Authors: Rycken Sam , Warren Kristin S. , Yeap Lian , Jackson Bethany , Riley Karen , Page Manda , Dawson Rick , Smith Karen , Mawson Peter R. , Shephard Jill M. 
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACTEstablishing integration of an individual bird into a wild flock is particularly important in species that are highly gregarious and are reliant on the flock to increase their likelihood of survivorship. When individuals, rehabilitated and reintroduced to wild flocks, are tracked through satellite or global positioning system (GPS) telemetry, it is of further significance to establish integration to assess rehabilitation success and whether the individual can serve as a marker of the flock. To date, for black cockatoos (Calyptorhynchus spp.) this has been achieved through visual observations, which requires field‐based observations that may not be possible because of inaccessible terrain, or may be untenable because the tagged individual can move quickly or is cryptic within a given land cover type. To establish whether an individual had joined a flock, we proposed the use of behavioral change point analysis. Our analyses showed that for GPS data of 6 individuals of the 3 black cockatoo species endemic to Western Australia we could demonstrate behavioral differences in their movement paths that were either individual or flocked (integrated) behavior. We undertook field observations to validate integration into wild flocks. We characterized flocked behavior as a constant, repeated pattern at variable levels of velocity. Individual behavior manifested in 2 different forms: resident and exploratory behavior. The analysis showed that all birds had integrated into a wild flock within a month of release. Behavioral change point analysis is a useful method to characterize movement behavior in black cockatoos and to confirm their membership within a flock. Furthermore, confirmation of flock membership makes it possible to use the data from 1 tagged bird to indicate movement behavior at the flock level. © 2018 The Wildlife Society.