bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Is it a hindrance for an invasive aquatic species to spread across scattered habitat patches?
Authors: Tréguier Anne , Roussel Jean‐Marc , Bélouard Nadège , Paillisson Jean‐Marc 
Published: March 2018

Abstract1. Despite their importance for aquatic biodiversity, ponds are among the most vulnerable freshwater habitats. Owing to their isolation in terrestrial environments, ponds are expected to be relatively well protected from biological invasions, but this depends on many factors.2. The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of a range of variables (water quality, habitat, and landscape attributes) on the colonization of discrete ponds by a widespread aquatic invader, the red swamp crayfishProcambarus clarkii, which can disperse overland.3. Investigations were conducted in two networks of ponds, each located in close proximity to a large invaded marsh. The two marshes under study differed in the length of time since the crayfish were introduced.4. The proportions of colonized ponds and crayfish abundances were moderate in both networks, but higher in the network that had been invaded first. In both networks the distance to the marsh was the main predictor of pond colonization, considering similar energy costs to cross aquatic and terrestrial habitats for the recently invaded network, but assuming that dispersal was 25 times costlier across the terrestrial matrix than via streams for the earlier invaded network. Pond characteristics had no influence on crayfish occurrence in either network. Furthermore, predictions of pond invasion were lower for the recently invaded network.5. The importance of the distance to the marsh indicates that natural dispersal was the main process of pond colonization by crayfish. Findings also suggested that overland dispersal was rare and costly. By contrast, streams were probably significant in facilitating crayfish dispersal. Differences between the two networks might arise from an invasion process still in progress in the recently invaded network.6. From a management viewpoint, local actions are encouraged to prevent the spread of crayfish via streams. In addition, broader‐scale actions to mitigate other human disturbances would improve the outlook for pond biodiversity.
ZrMn Oxides for Aqueous‐Phase Ketonization of Acetic Acid: Effect of Crystal and Porosity
Authors: Wu Kejing , Yang Mingde , Hu Husheng , Liang Junmei , Wu Yulong 
Published: March 2018

AbstractAqueous‐phase ketonization of bio‐based acetic acid is important to improve the conversion efficiency of biomass resources. In this study, ZrMn mixed oxides (ZrMnOx) with high aqueous‐phase ketonization activity are synthetized through a carbonization/oxidation method (COM) and solvothermal method (STM). The results show that ZrMnOx prepared by COM possesses tetragonal ZrO2, and hausmannite Mn3O4 is observed only at a high oxidation temperature of 750 °C. Low‐temperature and long oxidation results in decreased crystallinity and crystallite size, which is related to highly dispersed Mnn+ species. The catalysts with improved acid sites possess high ketonization activity. Surface areas and pore size of ZrMnOx synthetized by STM are controlled by the solvents for thermal treatment. Compared with water as solvent, ethanol increases the surface area and pore size, resulting in high ketonization activity.
Methoden zur Identifikation von Zugvorbeifahrten aus kontinuierlichen Messdaten
Authors: Abrahamczyk Lars , Jaouadi Zouhour , Kähler Uwe , Legatiuk Dmitrii 
Published: March 2018

AbstractTragwerke des Konstruktiven Ingenieurbaus sind in der Regel Unikate. Systematische Untersuchungen dienen daher dem Ziel, Umwelteinflüsse und Einwirkungen auf die Tragwerke und deren tatsächliches statisches und dynamisches Verhalten kurzzeitig und auch langfristig zu erfassen und zu verstehen.Im Rahmen des DFG‐geförderten Graduiertenkollegs 1462 wurden drei vorgespannte Schleuderbetonmaste entlang der ICE‐Neubaustrecke Erfurt–Leipzig mit verschiedenster Sensorik instrumentiert, um unter anderem das Verhalten der Maste während einer Zugvorbeifahrt zu untersuchen. Die Datenaufzeichnungen werden von Lichtschranken ausgelöst und erfolgen für einen definierten Zeitraum. Infolge von Störfaktoren und der Aufzeichnungslänge sind einerseits eine Vielzahl von Fehlmessungen und andererseits mehrere Zugvorbeifahrten in einem Datenfile zu verzeichnen. Somit sind in einem ersten Schritt die einzelnen Aufzeichnungen für die gezielte Auswertung des Einflusses der Zugvorbeifahrt auf das Verhalten der Oberleitungsmaste zu separieren. Dies erfolgt auch vor dem Hintergrund, dass die Bestimmung einer tatsächlichen Zugvorbeifahrt zukünftig nahezu fehlerfrei automatisiert erfolgen soll.Im Beitrag werden Methoden und erhobene Datensätze unterschiedlicher Sensorik zur Identifikation der Zugvorbeifahrten verglichen. Die Auswertung der gemessenen Daten des Erddrucksensors und der Beschleunigungsaufnehmer erfolgt mittels Techniken der Signalanalyse: Fast Fourier (FFT) und Gabor‐Transformation.
Meaningful Model Comparisons have to Include Reasonable Competing Models and also all Data: A Rejoinder to Rieskamp (2018)
Authors: Jekel Marc , Glöckner Andreas 
Published: March 2018

AbstractProper methods for model comparisons require including reasonable models and all data. In an article in this issue, we highlight that excluding some models was common in parts of the literature supposedly supporting fast‐and‐frugal heuristics and show in comprehensive simulations and exemplified reanalyses of studies by Rieskamp that this can–under specific conditions–lead to wrong conclusions. In a comment in this issue, Rieskamp provides no conclusive arguments against these basic principles of proper methodology. Hence, the principles to include (i) all reasonable competing models and (ii) all data still stand and have to remain the standards for evaluating past and future empirical work. Rieskamp addresses the first of the two issues in a Bayesian analysis. He, however, violates the second principle by omitting data to be able to uphold his previous conclusion, which invalidates his results. We explain in more detail why exclusion of data leads to biased estimates in this context and provide a refined Bayesian analysis–of course based on all data–that underlines our previously raised concerns about the criticized studies. Instead of arguing against the two basic principles of model comparison, we recommend authors of affected studies to conduct proper reanalyses including all models and data. Copyright © 2018 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Nonsyndromic cleft palate: An association study at GWAS candidate loci in a multiethnic sample
Authors: Ishorst Nina , Francheschelli Paola , Böhmer Anne C. , Khan Mohammad Faisal J. , Heilmann‐Heimbach Stefanie , Fricker Nadine , Little Julian , Steegers‐Theunissen Regine P.M. , Peterlin Borut , Nowak Stefanie , Martini Markus , Kruse Teresa , Dunsche Anton , Kreusch Thomas , Gölz Lina , Aldhorae Khalid , Halboub Esam , Reutter Heiko , Mossey Peter , Nöthen Markus M. , Rubini Michele , Ludwig Kerstin U. , Knapp Michael , Mangold Elisabeth 
Published: March 2018

BackgroundNonsyndromic cleft palate only (nsCPO) is a common and multifactorial form of orofacial clefting. In contrast to successes achieved for the other common form of orofacial clefting, that is, nonsyndromic cleft lip with/without cleft palate (nsCL/P), genome wide association studies (GWAS) of nsCPO have identified only one genome wide significant locus. Aim of the present study was to investigate whether common variants contribute to nsCPO and, if so, to identify novel risk loci.MethodsWe genotyped 33 SNPs at 27 candidate loci from 2 previously published nsCPO GWAS in an independent multiethnic sample. It included: (i) a family‐based sample of European ancestry (n = 212); and (ii) two case/control samples of Central European (n = 94/339) and Arabian ancestry (n = 38/231), respectively. A separate association analysis was performed for each genotyped dataset, and meta‐analyses were performed.ResultsAfter association analysis and meta‐analyses, none of the 33 SNPs showed genome‐wide significance. Two variants showed nominally significant association in the imputed GWAS dataset and exhibited a further decrease in p‐value in a European and an overall meta‐analysis including imputed GWAS data, respectively (rs395572: PMetaEU = 3.16 × 10−4; rs6809420: PMetaAll = 2.80 × 10−4).ConclusionOur findings suggest that there is a limited contribution of common variants to nsCPO. However, the individual effect sizes might be too small for detection of further associations in the present sample sizes. Rare variants may play a more substantial role in nsCPO than in nsCL/P, for which GWAS of smaller sample sizes have identified genome‐wide significant loci. Whole‐exome/genome sequencing studies of nsCPO are now warranted.
Nd3+‐Yb3+/Nd3+‐Yb3+‐Li+ co‐doped Gd2O3 phosphors for up and down conversion luminescence
Authors: Ranjan Sushil Kumar , Soni Abhishek Kumar , Rai Vineet Kumar 
Published: March 2018

AbstractFrequency up‐conversion (UC) emission from the Nd3+‐Yb3+/Nd3+‐Yb3+‐Li+ co‐doped gadolinium oxide (Gd2O3) phosphors prepared by the solution combustion technique in the visible range have been studied by using 980 nm near infrared (NIR) laser diode excitation. The crystalline structure and formation of the cubic phase has been confirmed with the help of X‐ray diffraction (XRD) studies. XRD peak shifts have been found towards the lower diffraction angle side in the case of the Nd3+‐Yb3+‐Li+ co‐doped phosphors. Surface morphology and particle size information have been observed by using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis. Down‐conversion emission study under 351 nm excitation in the visible region for the Nd3+‐Yb3+/Nd3+‐Yb3+‐Li+ co‐doped phosphors has been performed. The UC emission bands lying in the green and red region arising from the Nd3+ ions have been enhanced by ~260 times, ~113 times due to incorporation of Li+ ions in the Nd3+‐Yb3+ co‐doped phosphors. Photometric characterization has been done for the Nd3+‐Yb3+/Nd3+‐Yb3+‐Li+ co‐doped phosphors. The present study suggests the capability of the synthesized phosphors in near‐infrared (NIR) to visible upconverter and luminescent device applications.
Temperature dependence of bulk luminescence from ZnO
Authors: Cui Meima , Zhang Zili , Wang Yafang , Finch Adrian , Townsend P. D. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractX‐Ray excited luminescence (radioluminescence, RL) spectra from nominally pure crystalline zinc oxide (ZnO) are reported. The temperature range is from 20 to 673 K. Significant changes of emission band energies and intensities are observed across the temperature range. Photon energies of emission bands linked to the band gap decrease with increasing temperature in RL. This dependence fits the theoretical equations describing the temperature response of the ZnO band gap. Defect related luminescence includes a complex mixture of features at low temperature for RL. Thermoluminescence (TL) signals from 20 to 300 K confirm the presence of an unresolved feature in the RL data. Comments on the possible origin of these bands are summarized. The data underline that it is essential to record the temperature dependence for the luminescence data in order to separate overlapping spectral features.
Navigation of multiple humanoid robots using hybrid adaptive swarm‐adaptive ant colony optimisation technique
Authors: Parhi Dayal R. , Sahu Chinmaya , Kumar Priyadarshi Biplab 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThis paper is aimed at designing a navigation strategy for humanoid robots using a hybridised technique consisting of adaptive particle swarm optimisation and adaptive ant colony optimisation. The inputs to the navigational controller are the front obstacle distance, left obstacle distance, and right obstacle distance, and the output is the required final turning angle to reach the target position. Here, the governing parameters of the adaptive ant colony optimisation technique are optimised by using adaptive particle swarm optimisation method. These optimised parameters are subsequently used by the adaptive ant colony optimisation technique to get the final turning angle by which the humanoid navigates in a cluttered environment. Here, navigation is performed in both static and dynamic environments. To avoid the intercollision among the humanoids, a Petri‐net controller has been designed and implemented along with the proposed hybridised method. Humanoid navigation is performed in both simulated and experimental environments, and a comparison is done between them. Finally, the proposed controller is compared with the developed method by other researchers.
Religion and desistance from substance use among adolescent offenders: The role of cognitive functioning
Authors: Stansfield Richard 
Published: March 2018

AbstractBackgroundReligious beliefs and practices have been shown to have some association with desistance from offending, as have cognitive processes, including emotion regulation, self‐control, reasoning, learning, and empathy. Religious behaviours may, however, be moderated or mediated by cognitive abilities, but few studies take this into account.AimThe aim of this study was to assess the role of cognitive ability in any relationship between religious beliefs and behaviours and desistance from substance use among adolescents.MethodData were extracted from the Pathways to Desistance Study dataset (n = 1,354). Religious measures were self‐rated importance of religion, helpfulness of religion in dealing with problems, and attendance at religious services. Cognitive measures were the Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence and Trail Making Tests. A count of numbers of mind‐altering substances used constituted the main substance measure. Control variables included sex, age, and age of onset of offending.ResultsMixed‐effects longitudinal analyses revealed that religious behaviours did constitute a significant predictor of lower substance use for young people after a criminal conviction, after controlling for changes in employment, social support, and delinquent peer association, but only among those with average or above cognitive function.ConclusionsThese findings may explain why there have been some discrepancies in previous studies of religion and substance misuse. They may also have important implications for the training of anyone delivering programmes to young people in prison that have faith‐based elements, including community faith group leaders and volunteers.
Reversible Oxygen‐Driven Nickel Oxide Structural Transition on the Nickel(1 1 1) Surface at Near‐Ambient Pressure
Authors: Noh Myung Cheol , Kim Jeongjin , Doh Won Hui , Kim Ki‐Jeong , Park Jeong Young 
Published: March 2018

AbstractNiO cluster formation with strictly controlled O2 exposure on a Ni(1 1 1) surface has been investigated extensively for decades under ultra‐high vacuum (UHV) conditions. The classical model of three‐stage Ni oxidation refers to the relationship between NiO cluster evolution and the kinetics of O2 exposure; however, this information has a critical inherent limitation because of the “pressure gap” between UHV and real reaction conditions. Here, we report reversible NiO phase transitions on the Ni(1 1 1) surface at near‐ambient pressure by using scanning tunneling microscopy at room temperature. The restricted kinetic growth of NiO cluster evolution expands unexpectedly to oxide multi‐layer formation at 100 mTorr of O2. Furthermore, metastable NiO islands can be manipulated by varying the partial CO pressure of the gas mixture. The interplay between the CO and O2 molecules on the Ni(1 1 1) is correlated definitely to either surface oxide formation or competitive CO adsorption on the defect‐laden multi‐layered NiO interface.
Control Vector Parameterization‐Based Adaptive Invasive Weed Optimization for Dynamic Processes
Authors: Tian Jing , Zhang Panpan , Wang Yalin , Liu Xinggao , Yang Chunhua , Lu Jiangang , Gui Weihua , Sun Youxian 
Published: March 2018

AbstractA novel optimal approach named invasive weed optimization‐control vector parameterization (IWO‐CVP) for chemical dynamic optimization problems is proposed where CVP is used to transform the problem into a nonlinear programming (NLP) problem and an IWO algorithm is then applied to tackle the NLP problem. To improve efficiency, a new adaptive dispersion IWO‐based approach (ADIWO‐CVP) is further suggested to maintain the exploration ability of the algorithm throughout the entire searching procedure. Several classic chemical dynamic optimization problems are tested and detailed comparisons are carried out among ADIWO‐CVP, IWO‐CVP, and other methods. The research results demonstrate that ADIWO‐CVP not only is efficient, but also outperforms IWO‐CVP in terms of both accuracy and convergence speed.
Release of Isonitrile‐ and NHC‐Stabilized Borylenes from Group VI Terminal Borylene Complexes
Authors: Nutz Marco , Borthakur Bitupon , Pranckevicius Conor , Dewhurst Rian D. , Schäfer Marius , Dellermann Theresa , Glaab Fabian , Thaler Melanie , Phukan Ashwini K. , Braunschweig Holger 
Published: March 2018

AbstractA family of doubly isonitrile‐stabilized terphenyl borylenes could be obtained by addition of three equivalents of isonitrile to the corresponding Cr and W terminal terphenyl‐borylene complexes. The mechanism of isonitrile‐ and carbon‐monoxide‐induced borylene liberation was investigated computationally and found to be significantly exergonic in both cases. Furthermore, addition of a small N‐heterocyclic carbene (NHC) to a terminal Cr borylene complex results in release of an NHC‐stabilized borylene carbonyl species, whereas the analogous reaction with bulkier phosphines results in metal‐centered substitution.
Facile Synthesis of Single α‐tert‐Alkylated Acetaldehydes by Hydroxyalkylation of Enamides in Aqueous Solution
Authors: Murata Yumi , Nishikata Takashi 
Published: March 2018

AbstractIn this work, we established a general protocol to synthesize single α‐tert‐alkylated acetaldehydes via Cu‐catalyzed hydroxyalkylation of enamides in aqueous solutions. The yields of the products were very high and there was excellent functional group compatibility. Our reaction allows easy access to highly functionalized acetaldehydes that can be used to synthesize further useful compounds including spirocycles. The control experiments revealed that this reaction includes hydroxyalkylation processes via radical reactions.
Molecular enantiorecognition of l‐glucose and d‐glucose in whole blood samples
Authors: Stefan‐van Staden Raluca‐Ioana , Mitrofan Grigorina 
Published: March 2018

AbstractIn the past years, enantioanalysis became very important for clinical analysis; biomarkers/substances of biomedical importance with chiral structure should be analyzed and their presence correlated with the specific disorder. Therefore, we developed a method for the assay of l‐ and d‐glucose, based on molecular recognition of l‐ and d‐glucose. While for d‐glucose there are many methods to assess its quantity, the l‐enantiomer is not routinely detected by standard methods. Two stochastic microsensors based on the immobilization of Copper(II)phthalocyanine and Ni(II)phthalocyanine, in natural diamond powder, were proposed for the enantioanalysis of glucose. The proposed methods proved to have high sensitivities and were able to be used for determination of concentrations as low as 2.5 pg mL−1 for d‐glucose and as low as 2.5 fg mL−1 for l‐glucose. The enatioanalysis was performed with good results in whole blood samples collected from diabetic patients.
Thermogravimetric Investigation of Waste Wood by FTIR‐MS Coupling
Authors: Baris Daniela , Mätzing Hartmut , Gehrmann Hans‐Joachim , Stapf Dieter 
Published: March 2018

AbstractEin naturbelassenes Holz und zwei Althölzer wurden thermogravimetrisch untersucht und die entstehenden Pyrolysegase wurden mit einer Kopplung von Fourier‐Transformations‐Infrarotabsorptions‐ und Massenspektrometrie (FTIR‐MS) analysiert. Bezüglich der Abnahme der Probenmasse mit steigender Temperatur zeigen die Differenz‐Thermogravimetrie‐Kurven unterschiedliche Strukturen, was auf unterschiedliche Inhaltsstoffe hindeutet. Analog bilden sich bei den Althölzern N‐haltige Pyrolysegase, die im Fall von naturbelassenem Holz nicht nachweisbar sind. Die Messergebnisse dienen zur Erweiterung eines früher entwickelten Simulationsmodells für die Biomassepyrolyse auf Abfallhölzer.
Traditional herbal medicine prevents postoperative recurrence of small hepatocellular carcinoma: A randomized controlled study
Authors: Zhai Xiao‐feng , Liu Xiao‐lin , Shen Feng , Fan Jia , Ling Chang‐quan 
Published: March 2018

BACKGROUNDTo explore the clinical efficacy of traditional herbal medicine (THM) in the prevention of disease recurrence of small hepatocellular carcinoma after surgery, a prospective randomized controlled study was conducted between October 2006 and May 2010. The results indicated that THM prevented the recurrence of SHCC with an efficacy that was superior to that of transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) during a median follow‐up of 26.61 months.METHODSThe patients were followed up every 6 months, and the clinical data before October 20, 2015 were analyzed. The primary outcome measure was recurrence‐free survival (RFS), and the secondary outcome measure was overall survival (OS).RESULTSThe 364 patients included 180 in the THM group and 184 in the TACE group. At the time of the data cutoff of October 20, 2015, a total of 205 patients demonstrated disease recurrence, including 85 patients in the THM group and 120 patients in the TACE group. The median RFS of the THM and TACE groups demonstrated a statistically significant difference (P<.001). Until October 20, 2105, there were 91 deaths, including 34 in the THM group and 57 in the TACE group. The median OS demonstrated a significant difference between the 2 groups (P = .008). Multivariate analysis indicated that THM was an independent factor influencing RFS and OS.CONCLUSIONSThe efficacy of THM was found to be superior to that of TACE in preventing disease recurrence in patients with small hepatocellular carcinoma and prolonging OS. Cancer 2018;124:2161‐8. © 2018 American Cancer Society.