bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The role of scientific language in Philip Pulman’s ‘His Dark Materials’
Authors: Bonomo Annalisa 
Published: January 2019

Philip Pullman’s epic is a ‘dark matter’ made up of religious and scientific underpinnings which challenge his readers’ knowledge of the world, making them ‘intellectually adventurous’.
Although scientific language seems to sound uncomfortable to his younger readers, he builds on myth and physics a new dimension of « stark realism dealing with matters that might normally be encountered in works of realism, such as adolescence, sexuality, and so on; and they are the main subject matter of the story - the fantasy is there to support and embody them, not for its own sake ».
Pullman’s heroes (Lyra, Lord Asriel, Mrs Coulter and Mary Malone) are all scientists involved in a new political opinion of the world and in the role to be played in a universe which seems to be ‘probabilistic’.
Genèse du roman « Bubelè »
Authors: Nysenholc Adolphe 
Published: January 2019

L’autobiographie, Bubelè l’enfant à l’ombre, a été écrite dans une intertextualité plus ou moins consciente. Le titre se réfère à celui du film « L’enfant au ballon rouge.» Je me souviens par ailleurs du déclic d’idées. Celle de l’ombre, dont la métaphore rythme le livre, m’est venue, …à l’ombre de Notre-Dame de Paris, où je m’étais assis dans le square. De fait, ce roman, commencé en 1980 et terminé en 2007, est une synthèse de quasi tous mes écrits. Ainsi mon premier essai, L’âge d’or du comique (1979), où je montre que Chaplin exploite la petite enfance pour faire rire, sera un galop d’essai avant la rédaction du roman sur ma propre enfance.
Mais l’événement déclencheur de tout le processus de composition sera la mort de mes sauveurs. C’était à moi à les sauver. Le travail d’écriture pour les rendre vivants se fera comme le travail de rêve, avec sa part d’inconnu.
The seaweed resources of Alaska
Authors: Stekoll Michael S. 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Alaska has the longest coastline of all of the states in the USA. This coastal zone stretches from the temperate zone to past the Arctic circle. Oceanographic conditions vary from quiet estuaries to exposed open coasts. Water temperatures range from over 20°C in the summer in the south to ice covered water in the north. Consequently, the marine flora is plentiful and diverse with over 500 species of seaweeds. Three species of floating kelps occur from the southern boundary to Kodiak Island and westward along the Aleutian Chain. Species of Fucus are dominant in the intertidal along most of the coastline. There is also an abundance of red algae in the intertidal and subtidal. There is only minimal subsistence and commercial utilization of the seaweed resource. The major commercial use of seaweeds is in the herring spawn-on-kelp fishery. “Black seaweed” (Pyropia sp.) is a special resource for Alaskan Native subsistence harvest. Recently, there has been increasing interest and activity in the commercial mariculture of kelps such as Saccharina latissima and Alaria marginata.
Why perceived political bias on TV does not inevitably lead to a polarized audience. The case of NRK and TV2 in Norway
Authors: Jenssen Anders Todal , Aalberg Toril 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
This paper investigates whether political polarization of the TV audience is emerging also in a typical democratic corporatist system. The study is motivated by the claim put forward by several US scholars, who argue that in today’s high choice information environments, partisans tend to see mainstream media as ‘hostile’ and therefore seek out and select broadcasters who confirm and deepen their worldview (Arceneaux and Johnson, 2013; Iyengar and Hahn, 2009; Tewksbury and Riles, 2015). This demand, they argue, expands the market for partisan TV and contributes to growing political polarization. We ask if there is evidence of a politically polarized Norwegian TV audience, by exploring the relationship between partisan preferences, perceived political bias and selective exposure to TV news. We find that many Norwegians believe that both the public broadcaster and the leading commercial broadcasters are politically biased. Consistent with the “hostile media hypothesis”, people on the right accuse the broadcasters of favoring the parties on the left, whereas people of the left tend to see the broadcasters as favoring the parties on the right, albeit not to the same degree. By using a survey experiment, our study also demonstrates that given the opportunity, the audience does select news stories consistent with their political beliefs from a politically ‘friendly’ broadcaster. However, they also choose news stories consistent with their political beliefs from a perceived hostile news source over politically inconsistent stories from a friendly source. This suggests that ‘friendly’ content triumphs perception of broadcaster bias. Despite widespread perceptions of partisan favoritism in the Norwegian TV market, we find few traces of a politically polarized audience. The main reason for this is that the public broadcaster still draws a wide audience across the political spectrum, as even critics consider this news source as too important and relevant to be ignored.
Hebrew and Aramaic Terms in the Extractiones de Talmud. The Term “Yeshivah” in the Thirteenth-Century Latin Translation of the Talmud
Authors: Dal Bo Federico 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Translation is hardly an exceptional event. On the contrary, it is quite common and reflects the necessity of communication despite the obvious multiplicity of human languages. Therefore, it has often exhibited a practical and prescriptive nature – as a discourse characterised by instructions to translators about how, what and why to translate. In the present article, I will pay special attention to the treatment of Hebrew and Aramaic terms in the thirteenth-century Latin translation of the Talmud – better known as Extractiones de Talmud (‘Excerpts from the Talmud’). This translation is a large anthology from the Babylonian Talmud that was compiled by Christian authorities in consequence of the famous Paris process of 1240, when the Jewish convert Nicholas Donin confronted the prominent Rabbi Yehiel of Paris regarding the allegedly blasphemous, anti-Christian nature of the Talmud. This large anthology frequently emphasises linguistic difference and abounds in providing details about specific terms from Talmudic literature. Yet the Extractiones appear to neglect the complex nature of the Talmud. They never mention that the Talmud is bilingual – as it collects Hebrew and Aramaic texts – while emphasising that in it the Jews still employ the so-called ‘Holy Tongue’. I will argue that the Extractiones’ emphasis on Hebrew has both ideological and practical purposes. On the one hand, the notion that Hebrew abounds in the Talmud resonates well with the Christian expectation that Judaism is still bound to the “hebraica veritas” (‘Hebrew truth’). On the other hand, an unexperienced Christian reader might have found it difficult to come to terms with the linguistically and historically complex nature of the Talmud. Therefore, the focus on Hebrew may have been the result of an oversimplification for the readers’ sake. The case will be proven on account of one central example: the translation of the Hebrew term “yeshivah”. I will show that the treatment of this term illustrates how the Latin translator of the Talmud intended to emphasise the cultural difference between Jews and Christians, without abandoning the practical need of offering some form of cultural adaptation.
Carbon nanostructures for advanced nanocomposite mixed matrix membranes: a comprehensive overview
Authors: Salehi Ehsan , Heidary Farhad , Daraei Parisa , Keyhani Mohammad , Behjomanesh Milad 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
The highly progressive membrane separation technology challenges conventional separation processes such as ion exchange, distillation, precipitation, solvent extraction, and adsorption. The integration of many desired properties such as low energy consumption, high removal efficiency, affordable costs, suitable selectivity, acceptable productivity, ease of scale-up, and being environmentally friendly have made the membranes capable of being replaced with other separation technologies. Combination of membrane technology and nanoscience has revolutionized the nano-engineered materials, e.g. nanocomposites applied in advanced membrane processes. Polymer composites containing carbon nanostructures are promising choices for membrane fabrication owing to their enhanced chemistry, morphology, electromagnetic properties, and physicochemical stability. Carbon nanostructures such as carbon nanotubes (CNTs), nano graphene oxides (NGOs), and fullerenes are among the most popular nanofillers that have been successfully applied in modification of polymer membranes. Literature review shows that there is no comprehensive overview reporting the modification of mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) using carbon nanofibers, nano-activated carbons, and carbon nanospheres. The present overview focuses on the applications of carbon nanostructures mainly CNTs and NGOs in the modification of MMMs and emphasizes on the application of CNTs and NGO particles.
El trabajo de lo negativo
Authors: Muñoz Cecilia 
Published: January 2019

La autora se sirve de algunas ideas de André Green sobre el “trabajo de lo negativo” para pensar la historia de odio, destrucción y muerte vividos en los últimos setenta años en Colombia. Se destacan: 1) el uso de la negación, la desmentida y la forclusión como mecanismos para excluir la verdad de la conciencia en el terreno individual y social; 2) la desaparición del yo bajo el objeto en los procesos de duelo, melancolía e identificación que se observan en el terreno social cuando el jefe poderoso impone sus ideas; 3) pulsión de muerte, desinvestidura, desobjetalización y aniquilamiento caen sobre el enemigo, pero también sobre el sí mismo de los sometidos, aquellos que han perdido su propia relación con la satisfacción, el deseo y con su estructuración psíquica (yo y superyó) bajo las demandas del líder endiosado.
Editorial
Authors: Castañeda Victor 
Published: January 2019

Como ya es costumbre en Colombia, cada gobierno llega con una reforma tributaria que se presenta como la mejor posible, en la medida en que resuelve problemas que se indican como estructurales, caso de la inequidad, complejidad e ineficiencia. La administración de Iván Duque no fue la excepción, de suerte que hacia finales de octubre del 2018 presentó su reforma fiscal, bajo el nombre de Ley de financiamiento, aunque retomando muchas de las medidas que sus antecesores debieron desechar en su momento.
Exploring Linking Social Capital in Economic Development
Authors: İZMEN Ümit 
Published: January 2019

Linking social capital is a
concept suitable for the study of the nature, extent and economic impact of
social interactions with politicians or officials. By reviewing the development
of the concept and its application in economic development, this paper aims to
gain insight into the usefulness of the concept of linking social capital in
economic development studies where political system is internalized. The
appropriateness of the concept is reviewed through an in-depth analysis of main
theoretical contributions and papers selected from Thomson Reuters’ Web of
Science Core Collection. Studies that
conceptualize linking social capital as shaped by political institutions are
rare. Lack of consensus on the definition and measurement of linking social
capital limited its usefulness. The paper concludes with a call for clarity in
the definition of the concept à la Bourdieu and for further studies that
explore the economic impact of social capital under different political
environments.
The New Silk Road as the Pendulum Axis of History: China’s “Journey to the West” Opens a Range of Opportunities to Europe
Authors: Higueras Georgina 
Published: January 2019

The pendulum of History leaves the West to return to the East, as in the times of Marco Polo. China has found in the resurrection of the Silk Road the instrument for a more inclusive global economic growth and that is also in line with the multipolar world that the government proposes. In just five years, The Belt and Road Initiative, as it is formally referred to, has made great strides in its revolutionary global connection plan and added new followers, despite of the swiftness of the Chinese’s ascent is scaring many countries, especially its neighbors. The purpose of this article is to analyze the misgivings of Europe and the range of opportunities that Beijing isoffering to create together a model of sustainabledevelopment and address the major challengesthat affect both: inequality, climate change andprotectionist drift. The New Silk Road is a uniqueopportunity to bring closer the two extremes ofEurasia, which today, more than ever, need tounderstand each other.
Human Capital, Training Pathways and Educational and Professional Guidance in China
Authors: Doncel Abad David 
Published: January 2019

One of the Government's priorities is to swap from an industrial economy and low salaries to one of Services and high salaries. For this, the government needs to increase the quality of Human Capital, understood as the increase in the average educational level of the population. An educational measure to achieve this goal is to enhance educational and vocational guidance. Orientation is conceived as a measure designed to optimize the adjustment between the education system and labor market. Although it is a measure present in the Chinese educational system before, it is not until 2012, when the government is committed to a model of Educational andProfessional Guidance focused on the developmentof the individual's career. The objective of thispaper is to analyze how educational transitionsare from one educational stage to another, andfrom one educational level to another, to knowthe problems and factors associated with droppedfrom school. Once detected the different typesof transition in the Chinese education system.We contrast it with the theoretical model ofeducational and professional guidance focusedon the development of the individual's vocationalcareer. At the methodological level, a review ofthe research and of the databases to be usedis carried out. Finally, the results show howdifferent itinerary models that Chinese studentstake according to their socio-educational profiledo not fit with the theoretical model of CareerEducation.
Intestinal fatty acid binding protein (I-FABP) as a marker for acute intestinal ischemia
Authors: U. Girish T. , Hegde Ajay 
Published: January 2019

Background: Acute mesenteric ischemia accounts for around 0.1% of all hospital admission and less than 1% of emergency admissions. However, the presentation is varied, and diagnosis is obscure. The diagnosis of intestinal ischemia demands a high index of suspicion. The overall mortality associated with mesenteric ischemia is between 60% and 93% but rises acutely once bowel wall infarction has occurred. Early diagnosis of ischemia remains the key to reduce morbidity and mortality. I-FABP is a cytosolic protein present in epithelial cells of intestines and released upon ischemia or necrosis of bowel. Author estimated the levels of I-FABP in serum and established it as a marker for acute intestinal ischemia.Methods: 40 patients admitted to JSS Hospital with suspected acute intestinal ischemia were included in the study. Plasma concentrations were quantified using ELISA for fatty acid binding protein 2. Statistical methods were applied and sensitivity and specificity of serum I-FABP were determined. Confirmation of ischemia was by histopathological analysis of the resected bowel specimen.Results: 23 patients out of the 40 were diagnosed to have intestinal ischemia. Mean values of serum IFABP levels were significantly higher in patients diagnosed with intestinal ischemia (65.94pg/ml in the non-ischemic group vs 673.53pg/ml in the ischemic group P=0.0002). Cut off chosen in diagnosing intestinal ischemia in this study was 187.59pg/ml. Sensitivity was 95.7% and specificity 88%.Conclusions: Serum I-FABP can be used for the diagnosis for intestinal ischemia. It is specific and sensitive marker to detect early bowel ischemia.
Evaluation of Workload and Human Errors in Nurses
Authors: Naseri Karimvand Mahshid , Hasheminejad Naser , Faghihi Zarandi Ali , Jahani Yones 
Published: January 2019

Background: Identification of human errors and their related factors in nurses dealing with the health of humans is important. Considering that much workload can increase the risk of human error, this study aimed to investigate the relationship between workload and human errors among nurses working in educational hospitals of Kerman University of Medical Sciences. Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was performed on 145 nurses from educational hospitals affiliated to Kerman University of Medical Sciences in 20. The workload was evaluated using the NASA-TLX questionnaire and human errors with SHERPA technique. The statistical test used was logistic regression model and the statistical significance level was considered <0.05 and the samples were selected randomly. The sample size was selected based on the percentage of functional errors reported by a study on human error assessment related to the duties of nurses in Semnan. Results: A total of 138 probable errors were detected in the nursing staff of these hospitals, 74% of nurses committed errors in seven main duties during their service. Patient medication with the highest frequency (34%) followed by the injection of the drug to the patient with a frequency of 23% were the most frequently committed errors by nurses. The findings of the research showed that workload in 53.1% of the nurses was very high and in 43.1% of the nurses was high, the results of the logistic regression model showed that there was no significant relationship between errors and workload in nurses. Conclusion: The results of the study showed that the average workload and human error in the nurses were high. Therefore, control strategies such as holding training sessions, implementation of clinical governance program in all wards, recruitment of adequate nurses, reduction of workload, reduction of work hours and the appropriate patient/nurse ratio should be given attention by the hospital managers depending on conditions; as well as the prevention of the two reported errors should be given top priority in corrective measures.
Effect of Storage Time of a Ceramic Primer on Microshear Bond Strength to Zirconia
Authors: Ghasemi Amir , Sadr Alireza , Pourhashemi Anahita 
Published: January 2019

Objective: This study assessed the effect of shelf life of a ceramic primer containing 10-methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate (MDP) monomer on microshear bond strength of zirconia ceramic to composite resin.
Materials and Methods: Sixty-four sintered zirconia samples (1.5×5×7 mm) were pretreated with Clearfil Ceramic Primer (CCP) at baseline and after one, two and six months of storage at 6°C. Composite cylinders were fabricated using Tygon tubes (1 mm height, 0.7 mm diameter) and placed on treated zirconia blocks, light-cured and subjected to microshear bond strength test. Mode of failure was determined under a stereomicroscope. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was performed at each storage time point. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s test.
Results: Significant differences were noted in microshear bond strength after six months of storage compared to baseline (P<0.05). Significant differences were noted in FTIR spectra at the four time points (P<0.05).
Conclusions: The effectiveness of one-component ceramic primer in bonding to zirconia was significantly affected by the storage of this material in a time-dependent manner. Visible new peaks and changes in FTIR spectra over time indicated alterations in the composition of ceramic primer affecting its shelf life.
بررسی سطح بازاندیشی در زمینه یافته های آموزشی در دانشجويان دندانپزشكي دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید صدوقی یزد در سال 97-1396
Authors: کاظمی پوز مریم , حکیمیان رقیه 
Published: January 2019

مقدمه: بازاندیشی و تجزيه و تحليل يافته هاي آموزشي يكي از اصولي و اساسي ترين مراحل در روند يادگيري محسوب مي گردد. از اینرو مطالعه حاضر با هدف بررسی سطح بازاندیشی در زمینه یافته های آموزشی در دانشجويان دوره عمومی رشته دندانپزشكي دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید صدوقی یزد انجام شد.
روش بررسی: در اين مطالعه توصيفي-مقطعي204 نفر از دانشجويان رشته دندانپزشكي(ترم هاي 7 تا 12) دانشگاه علوم پزشكي شهید صدوقی یزد در سال تحصيل97-1396 شركت نمودند. در اين مطالعه از پرسشنامهKember (Reflection Questionnaire-RQ) باروایی 82/0 وپایایی (آلفا کرونباخ )78/0استفاده شد. آناليز داده ها با استفاده از نرم افزار آماري SPSS 17 و آزمونهاي آماريT–test, ANOVA و ضريب همبستگي پيرسون انجام شد. سطح معنی داری 05/0≥P تعیین گردید.
نتایج: در مطالعه حاضر 204 دانشجوی دوره عمومی دندانپزشکی، شامل 117(4/57درصد) زن و 87 (6/42 درصد) مرد، با میانگین سنی 36/2±17/24سال با دامنه سنی 21 تا 42 سال، شرکت داشتند. میانگین نمره حیطه ی عملکرد از روی عادت 88/2±11/10، حیطه ی درک مطلب 16/4±87/14، بازاندیشی 94/2±04/16 و بازاندیشی انتقادی 58/2±86/13 گزارش گردید. بین سه سال تحصیلی در میانگین سطح بازاندیشی و بازاندیشی نقادانه اختلاف آماری معنی داری وجود داشت(05/0>P). همچنین بین دو گروه سنی (24˂ و24≤ سال) اختلاف آماری معنی داری در حیطه های عملکرد از روی عادت و بازاندیشی نقادانه بود(05/0>P).
نتیجه‌گیری: بر اساس نتایج مطالعه حاضر با افزایش سن و سال تحصیلی سطح عملکرد از روی عادت در دانشجویان دندانپزشکی کاهش یافته است. از اینرو پیشنهاد می گردد که در دانشکده های دندانپزشکی برآموزش بازاندیشی در ترمهای تحصیلی پایین تر تاکید گردد.
Radiologic diagnosis of pulmonary metastases of uterine choriocarcinoma
Authors: Sudarkina A. V. , Dergilev A. P. , Chikinev Yu. V. , Drobyazgin E. A. , Kochura V. I. , Gorbunov N. A. 
Published: January 2019

The article describes a rare case of metastatic pulmonary choriocarcinoma manifested with hemoptysis. Obstacles and pitfalls of the diagnosis of uterine choriocarcinoma with atypical manifestation were discussed. The patterns of pulmonary metastases of uterine choriocarcinoma and contribution of cross-sectional imaging modalities to diagnostic work-up were described. For the first time diffusion weighted magnetic resonance imaging of the chest was used for the follow-up examination and diagnosis of the recurrence of the disease.This case is of interest due to unusual clinical and radiological presentation of uterine choriocarcinoma. The article is aimed to radiologists to be familiar with this disease to provide its early diagnosis and timely treatment.