bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors associated with skin cancer in lung transplant recipients: A single‐center experience
Authors: Elnahas Shaimaa , Olson Michael T. , Kang Paul , Panchanathan Roshan , Masuda Takahiro , Walia Rajat , Zeitouni Nathalie C. , Smith Michael A. , Bremner Ross M. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackgroundSkin cancer is common after solid organ transplantation, but few have investigated it after lung transplant (LTx).ObjectiveWe assessed incidence and predictors of non‐melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) post‐LTx.MethodsWe studied patients who underwent LTx at our center from 2012 to 2015.ResultsOf 287 patients, mean age was 59.6 ± 11 years, 170 (59.2%) were men, and 231 (80.5%) were white. Seventy‐six (26.5%) developed NMSC over a median follow‐up of 32 months (IQR, 23‐45). Of those with NMSC, 37% developed subsequent skin cancer of the same type. Independent predictors of decreased odds of NMSC and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) were non‐white race (P = .002; P = .003) and body mass index >30 kg/m2 compared with underweight patients (P = .001, P = .009). Patients with skin cancer pre‐LTx had higher risk of post‐LTx skin cancer (P = .02). Voriconazole use ≥100 days was associated with increased risk of SCC (P = .03), but not increased risk of basal cell carcinoma. Out of 76, 4 (5.3%) died from skin cancer.LimitationsRetrospective, single‐center study.ConclusionSquamous cell carcinoma risk post‐LTx may increase with prolonged voriconazole use in white patients with pre‐LTx history of skin cancer, whereas excess body weight may be protective from NMSC. Regular pre‐ and post‐LTx skin cancer screenings and guidelines are warranted.
How I do it: Endoscopic diagnosis for superficial non‐ampullary duodenal epithelial tumors
Authors: Nakayama Atsushi , Kato Motohiko , Takatori Yusaku , Shimoda Masayuki , Mizutani Mari , Tsutsumi Koshiro , Kiguchi Yoshiyuki , Akimoto Teppei , Sasaki Motoki , Mutaguchi Makoto , Takabayashi Kaoru , Maehata Tadateru , Ochiai Yasutoshi , Kanai Takanori , Yahagi Naohisa 
Published: September 2019

There are no reports on detailed endoscopic diagnosis of superficial non‐ampullary duodenal epithelial tumors (SNADET) except for relatively small case series. Herein, we conducted a prospective observational study to investigate the relationship between endoscopic findings and histopathological diagnosis of SNADET. A total of 163 SNADET diagnosed using magnified endoscopic examination with image‐enhanced endoscopy (IEE‐ME) were prospectively registered in this study. We investigated location, size, macroscopic type, color, and IEE‐ME findings including surface structure (closed‐ or open‐loop) and presence of white opaque substance (WOS) in SNADET. We analyzed association between these findings and histopathological diagnosis of SNADET based on the Vienna classification (VCL) using logistic regression analysis. In univariate analysis, lesion size, superficial structure, and WOS deposition showed statistical significance, and the oral side of the lesion location showed statistical tendency for association with VCL C4/5. In multivariate analysis, lesion size (odds ratio [OR], 2.92; 95% CI, 1.94–4.39; P < 0.05) and negative WOS (OR, 5.59; 95% CI, 1.72–18.1; P < 0.05) were significantly associated with VCL C4/5 lesions. Superficial structures with a closed‐loop pattern on the surface showed statistical tendency for predicting VCL C4/5 lesions (OR, 2.15; 95% CI, 0.86–5.37; P = 0.10). Based on these findings, we concluded that negative WOS by IEE‐ME and lesion size were independent predictors of VCL C4/5 SNADET. These factors may help us to understand of pathophysiology of SNADET and to select appropriate therapeutic strategies.
Characterization of Familial and Sporadic Migraine
Authors: Ravn Julie , Chalmer Mona A. , Oehrstroem Emil L. , Kogelman Lisette J. A. , Hansen Thomas F. 
Published: September 2019

BackgroundIt is unknown whether clinical parameters differ between migraineurs with and without first‐degree family members with migraine.ObjectivesThe present cross‐sectional study describes differences between familial and sporadic migraine with a focus on migraine characteristics, migraine severity, comorbidities, and treatment.MethodFrom the Danish Headache Center we recruited 358 patients with familial migraine and 1727 patients with sporadic migraine. Each participant was assessed using a validated semi‐structured interview.ResultsNo differences in age (Mean = 44 and 44 [SD = 12.28 and 12.58] for familial and sporadic migraineurs, respectively; P = .900) or sex (295/358 (82.4%) and 1413/1727 (81.8%) women in familial and sporadic migraineurs, respectively; P = .853) were found. Familial migraineurs had more aphasic aura than sporadic migraineurs (41% vs 27%, P = .001). Sporadic migraineurs had more lifetime attacks ie, >100 attacks (45% vs 70%, P < .001) and prolonged attacks ie, lasting >72 hours (5% vs 12%, P < .001) than familial migraineurs. Further, sporadic migraineurs had a higher incidence of concussions (37% vs 41%, P = .001) compared to familial migraineurs. In agreement with a previous study, there was no difference between familial and sporadic migraine regarding triptan response (84% vs 81%, P = .440).ConclusionHeadache characteristics, triptan response, and comorbidities where similar in individulas with and without inherited migraine, suggesting that migraine are to be considered a hmogenoues disease. The difference in the clinical presentation of migraine with aura symptoms among patients with familial migraine should be considered in future studies. Further, more severe migraine among patients with sporadic migraine with aura could suggest that sporadic migraineurs have been exposed to stronger or multiple environmental factors and indicate that an early intervention in migraine treatment could lessen the severity of migraine.
Emulsifying properties of Ghanaian grewia gum
Authors: Kpodo Fidelis Mawunyo , Agbenorhevi Jacob Kwaku , Alba Katerina , Kontogiorgos Vassilis 
Published: September 2019

AbstractGrewia gums were extracted with phosphate (PB) and sodium metabisulphite buffers (SMB) and their emulsification properties in acidic oil‐in‐water emulsions on ageing were studied by means of droplet size distribution, ζ‐potential measurements, interfacial composition analysis and viscometry. PB extracts showed smaller droplet sizes (~10 μm) than SMB isolates (>35 μm) and greater long‐term stability. PB‐stabilised emulsions also demonstrated the least polysaccharide (~0.6 mg m−2) and protein (~0.2 mg m−2) interfacial coverage compared with SMB counterparts (~1.5 mg m−2 for polysaccharide and ~ 1 mg m−2 for protein). ζ‐Potential measurements revealed negative interfacial charge for all emulsions confirming the presence of polysaccharide‐laden interfaces. Droplet size distribution also varied among emulsions during ageing indicating a complex relationship between interfacial composition and stability. The present work shows that different emulsifying properties may be obtained depending on the extraction technique employed that could be exploited in preparation of emulsions for flavour or bioactive‐delivery applications.
Perspectives and safety of horsemeat consumption
Authors: Balji Yuriy , Knicky Martin , Zamaratskaia Galia 
Published: September 2019

SummaryIn some countries, use of horsemeat as a food is inhibited by ethical and cultural concerns. However, horsemeat has potential health benefits, such as low fat and high unsaturated fatty acid content compared with other meats, as well as attractive sensory properties. Although there are many contradictory data on the dietary value in relation to human health, the effects of horsemeat have not been studied to a large extent. In this paper, we summarise existing knowledge on horsemeat quality and effects on human health. Our conclusion is that horsemeat may be consumed as a healthy alternative to other types of meat, provided that risks associated with microbial contamination during storage and possible presence of contaminants in horsemeat are taken into consideration. Future studies should evaluate the health‐promoting properties and safety of horsemeat and associated byproducts.
Novel thulium fiber laser for endoscopic enucleation of the prostate: A prospective comparison with conventional transurethral resection of the prostate
Authors: Enikeev Dmitry , Netsch Christopher , Rapoport Leonid , Gazimiev Magomed , Laukhtina Ekaterina , Snurnitsyna Olesya , Alekseeva Tatyana , Becker Benedikt , Taratkin Mark , Glybochko Petr 
Published: September 2019

ObjectiveTo compare the efficacy and safety of a novel thulium fiber laser for endoscopic enucleation of the prostate with monopolar transurethral resection of the prostate in patients with smaller glands (<80 cc).MethodsA total of 51 patients underwent thulium fiber laser enucleation of the prostate, and 52 patients underwent monopolar transurethral resection of the prostate. All patients were assessed preoperatively, and at 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively (International Prostate Symptom Score, maximum urine flow rate, International Prostate Symptom Score‐quality of life). Preoperative prostate volumes and prostate‐specific antigen levels were comparable (P = 0.543 and P = 0.078, respectively). The complications were graded according to the Clavien classification.ResultsMean surgery time was longer in the thulium fiber laser enucleation of the prostate group (46.6 ± 10.2 vs 39.9 ± 8.6 min, P < 0.001), while catheterization and hospital stay were greater in the transurethral resection of the prostate group (P < 0.001). At 12 months, there were no differences in functional outcomes (International Prostate Symptom Score, maximum urine flow rate). Despite comparable prostate volumes at 12 months (P = 0.864), the prostate‐specific antigen level in the thulium fiber laser enucleation of the prostate group (0.5 ± 0.5 ng/mL) was lower than in the transurethral resection of the prostate group (1.1 ± 1.0 ng/mL; P < 0.001). Hemoglobin and serum sodium decrease was lower in the thulium fiber laser enucleation of the prostate group (1.01 ± 0.4 g/dL and 1.1 ± 1.1 mmol/L) than in the transurethral resection of the prostate group (1.8 ± 0.8 g/dL and 4.1 ± 1.1 mmol/L; P < 0.001). Urinary incontinence rates at 12 months were comparable (P = 0.316).ConclusionsThulium fiber laser enucleation of the prostate with novel thulium fiber laser in patients with smaller prostate glands (<80 cc) is comparable to transurethral resection of the prostate in voiding parameters improvement and complication rates. At the same time, the technique allows for a more substantial prostate‐specific antigen decrease, indicating more complete removal of adenoma.
Optimal decision trees for the algorithm selection problem: integer programming based approaches
Authors: Vilas Boas Matheus Guedes , Santos Haroldo Gambini , Merschmann Luiz Henrique de Campos , Vanden Berghe Greet 
Published: September 2019

AbstractEven though it is well known that for most relevant computational problems, different algorithms may perform better on different classes of problem instances, most researchers still focus on determining a single best algorithmic configuration based on aggregate results such as the average. In this paper, we propose integer programming‐based approaches to build decision trees for the algorithm selection problem. These techniques allow the automation of three crucial decisions: () discerning the most important problem features to determine problem classes, () grouping the problems into classes, and () selecting the best algorithm configuration for each class. To evaluate this new approach, extensive computational experiments were executed using the linear programming algorithms implemented in the COIN‐OR branch‐and‐cut solver across a comprehensive set of instances, including all MIPLIB benchmark instances. The results exceeded our expectations. While selecting the single best parameter setting across all instances decreased the total running time by 22%, our approach decreased the total running time by 40% on average across 10‐fold cross‐validation experiments. These results indicate that our method generalizes quite well and does not overfit.
Left bundle branch pacing from distal His‐bundle region by tricuspid valve annulus angiography
Authors: Hu Yiran , Gu Min , Hua Wei , Li Hui , Liu Xi , Niu Hongxia , Zhang Nixiao , Zhang Shu 
Published: September 2019

AbstractA 78‐year‐old man presenting with amaurosis was admitted to the outpatient clinic 1 week ago. His baseline electrocardiogram showed Mobitz type II atrioventricular block and right bundle branch block. The patient's heart rate from Holter was only 32 bpm and therefore the indication for pacemaker implantation.
Cardiac resynchronization therapy restores muscular metaboreflex control
Authors: Spaggiari Caio V. , Kuniyoshi Ricardo R. , Antunes‐Correa Lígia M. , Groehs Raphaela V. , de Siqueira Sérgio F. , Martinelli Filho Martino 
Published: September 2019

AbstractIntroductionThe muscular metaboreflex, whose activation regulates blood flow during isometric and aerobic exercise, is blunted in patients with heart failure (HF), and cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) may restore this regulatory reflex.ObjectiveTo evaluate metaboreflex responses after CRT.MethodsThirteen HF patients and 12 age‐matched healthy control subjects underwent the following evaluations (pre‐ and post‐CRT implantation in the patient group): (a) heart rate, blood pressure, and forearm blood flow measurements; (b) muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) evaluation; and (c) peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak). Examinations were performed at rest, during moderate isometric exercise (IE), and during forearm ischemia (metaboreflex activation). The primary outcome was the increment in MSNA during limb ischemia compared to the rest moment (ΔMSNA rest to metaboreflex activation).ResultsAfter CRT, rest MSNA decreased in the HF participants: 50.4 ± 9.2 bursts/min pre‐CRT vs 34.0 ± 14.4 bursts/min post‐CRT, P = .001, accompanied by an improvement in systolic blood pressure and in rate‐pressure product. MSNA during limb ischemia decreased: 56.6 ± 11.5 bursts/min pre‐CRT vs 43.6 ± 12.7 bursts/min post‐CRT, P = .001, and the ΔMSNA rest to metaboreflex activation increased: 0% (interquartile range [IQR)], −7 to 9) vs 13% (IQR, 5‐30), P = .03. An augmentation of mean blood pressure during limb ischemia post‐CRT was noticed: 94 mmHg (IQR, 81‐104) vs 110 mmHg (IQR, 100‐117), P = .04. CRT improved VO2peak, and this improvement was correlated with diminution in ΔMSNA pre‐ to post‐CRT at rest moment (rs = ‐0.74, P = .006).ConclusionCRT provides metaboreflex sensitization and MSNA enhancement. The restoration of sympathetic responsiveness correlates with the improvement in functional capacity.
Using Implementation Science to Further the Adoption and Implementation of Advance Care Planning in Rural Primary Care
Authors: Nelson‐Brantley Heather , Buller Carol , Befort Christie , Ellerbeck Edward , Shifter Ariel , Ellis Shellie 
Published: September 2019

AbstractPurposeTo analyze the literature on advance care planning (ACP) in primary care through the lens of implementation science, with a focus on implications for rural settings.DesignScoping review of the literature.MethodsThe Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Medline, PsycINFO, and the Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection databases were searched for studies related to ACP adoption and implementation in primary care. The Theoretical Domains Framework was used to map the literature to 14 determinants that serve as barriers or facilitators to ACP. The Conceptual Model of Evidence‐Based Practice Implementation in Public Service Sectors was used to analyze the stage of implementation for each of the included studies.FindingsFour steps to ACP were specified: identification, conversation, documentation, and follow‐up. Determinants were identified for each step, but studies largely focused on the conversation step. Professional role and identity, environmental context and resources, and emotion were the most frequently cited determinants in initiating conversations. The identification step was largely determined by behavioral regulation. For documenting ACP, environmental context and resource determinants were most prevalent. In the few studies that addressed follow‐up, providers expressed a desire for electronic reminders as a behavioral regulator to follow‐up.ConclusionsWhile ACP has been shown to have patient, family, and societal benefits, its uptake in primary care has been minimal. Because ACP is a complex process that is highly context dependent, implementation science is critical to inform its successful adoption and implementation. Smaller healthcare networks, adaptable professional roles, trusted relationships, and tight‐knit community might be important facilitators of ACP in rural primary care.Clinical RelevanceFindings from this study can be used to accelerate ACP implementation in rural primary care.
Sequential peeling as a monotherapy for treatment of milder forms of acne vulgaris
Authors: Zayed Amira Amin , Sobhi Rehab Mohamed , El Aguizy Randa Mohamed Saleh , Sabry Dina , Mahmoud Sara Bahaa 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackgroundGlycolic acid (GA) and salicylic acid (SA) peels have been used separately for acne treatment, not as a sequential peel.AimTo evaluate the efficacy and safety of sequential peeling with 70% GA and 20% SA as a monotherapy and as an adjuvant to systemic doxycycline in treatment of mild to moderate acne and the effect on serum interleukin (IL) 17 and tissue IL‐1α.Patients/MethodsForty‐five mild to moderate acne vulgaris patients were randomly assigned into three groups. Group [A] underwent sequential application of 70% GA followed by 20% SA biweekly for three months. Group [B] underwent sequential peeling and doxycycline PO100 mg BD for 1 month followed by 100 OD for 2 months. Group [C] received oral doxycycline. Acne grading, lesion counting, and patient satisfaction were assessed. Serum samples and perilesional skin biopsies were obtained at onset and 2 weeks after finishing the treatment for assessment of serum IL‐17 and tissue IL‐1α.ResultsAll groups showed statistically significant decrease in acne grading and lesion count, increase in patient satisfaction, and decrease in serum IL‐17 and tissue IL‐1 α after treatment. There was no significant difference between the 3 groups before or after treatment, except regarding patient satisfaction after treatment, which was significantly higher in groups [A] and [B] than group [C] (P = .001).ConclusionsThis study recommends using sequential GA 70% and SA 20% peels in the treatment of mild or moderate acne vulgaris as a new cost‐effective mode, with low‐down time and potential safety, in noncompliant patients on medical therapy.
Multiple oral cancer development—Clinico‐pathological features in the Hong Kong population
Authors: Choi Siu‐Wai , Thomson Peter 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackgroundMultiple squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) development within the oral cavity is an important consequence of mucosal field cancerization. We have previously profiled contemporaneous demographics and confirmed a rising incidence of oral cancer within the Hong Kong population. In this further study, we sought to characterize the presenting clinico‐pathological features and clinical outcome consequent upon multiple primary tumour (PT) development.MethodsHaving accessed the Hong Kong Hospital Authority (HA) database to identify new cases of oral SCC diagnosed during an 18‐year period (November 1999 to October 2018), specific clinico‐pathological data were retrieved for patients who developed multiple oral SCCs during the study period.ResultsOut of 6706 identified SCC cases, 769 patients (11.5%) developed multiple PTs, most commonly 2 (663) but 3 (91), 4 (12), 5 (2) and 6 (1) were also observed. The male to female ratio was 2.25 to 1 (P = .004), with female patients significantly older at first tumour presentation (P = .002), demonstrating longer periods before second PT development (P = .001) and better long‐term survival than males (P = .001). Buccal mucosa (143), oropharynx (134) and tongue (112) were the sites most frequently affected by second tumours. Whilst buccal SCC showed a propensity for subsequent buccal tumour development (60), oropharynx primaries developed second PTs most frequently on the tonsil (28) and tongue (27). Tongue primaries were associated with second PTs on the floor of mouth (61) and oropharynx (57).ConclusionDevelopment of multiple oral cancers is a significant risk in Hong Kong, particularly for male patients. Following initial tumour management, regular and careful patient follow‐up is important for early recognition of multiple SCC development.
Effect of dietary l‐carnitine supplementation and energy level on oxidant/antioxidant balance in laying hens subjected to high stocking density
Authors: Çetin Ebru , Güçlü Berrin Kocaoğlu 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThis study aimed to investigate the effect of l‐carnitine and energy level and on oxidant/antioxidant balance in laying hens subjected to high stocking density. A total of 176, 32‐week‐old laying hens were assigned to eight groups with four replicates and hens in four groups were placed at the normal stocking densities of 500 cm2/hen (four hens per cage) and in the remaining four groups were placed at the high stocking densities of 287.5 cm2/hen (seven hens per cage). Hens received diets of high (2,850 kcal/kg ME) or normal (2,650 kcal/kg ME) energy which are supplemented with 0 or 200 mg/kg l‐carnitine for 70 days. Results showed that exposure to high stocking density increased (p < .05) plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO) levels and decreased (p < .05) erythrocyte superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (GPx) activities. l‐carnitine supplementation increased (p < .05) erythrocyte SOD, CAT and GPx activities, and decreased (p <.05) MDA and NO level in high stocking densities. The oxidan/antioxidan balance of birds was not influenced by increasing dietary energy level. The results of the present study indicate that the supplementation of l‐carnitine to the birds subjected to high stocking density could effectively reverse the negative effects of high stocking density by improving oxidant/antioxidant balance. Therefore, l‐carnitine supplementation at level of 200 mg/kg to diet may be as a favourable alternative to deal with oxidative stress caused by high stocking density in laying hens.