bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Kidney injury enhances renal G-CSF expression and modulates granulopoiesis and human neutrophil CD177 in vivo
Authors: Volkmann J , Schmitz J , Nordlohne J , Dong L , Helmke A , Sen P , Immenschuh S , Bernhardt W M , Gwinner W , Bräsen J H , Schmitt R , Haller H , von Vietinghoff S 
Published: September 2019

Summary
Kidney injury significantly increases overall mortality. Neutrophilic granulocytes (neutrophils) are the most abundant human blood leukocytes. They are characterized by a high turnover rate, chiefly controlled by granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF). The role of kidney injury and uremia in regulation of granulopoiesis has not been reported. Kidney transplantation, which inherently causes ischemia–reperfusion injury of the graft, elevated human neutrophil expression of the surface glycoprotein CD177. CD177 is among the most G-CSF-responsive neutrophil genes and reversibly increased on neutrophils of healthy donors who received recombinant G-CSF. In kidney graft recipients, a transient rise in neutrophil CD177 correlated with renal tubular epithelial G-CSF expression. In contrast, CD177 was unaltered in patients with chronic renal impairment and independent of renal replacement therapy. Under controlled conditions of experimental ischemia–reperfusion and unilateral ureteral obstruction injuries in mice, renal G-CSF mRNA and protein expression significantly increased and systemic neutrophilia developed. Human renal tubular epithelial cell G-CSF expression was promoted by hypoxia and proinflammatory cytokine interleukin 17A in vitro. Clinically, recipients of ABO blood group-incompatible kidney grafts developed a larger rise in neutrophil CD177. Their grafts are characterized by complement C4d deposition on the renal endothelium, even in the absence of rejection. Indeed, complement activation, but not hypoxia, induced primary human endothelial cell G-CSF expression. Our data demonstrate that kidney injury induces renal G-CSF expression and modulates granulopoiesis. They delineate differential G-CSF regulation in renal epithelium and endothelium. Altered granulopoiesis may contribute to the systemic impact of kidney injury.
Extraction of reactive dyes from aqueous solutions by halogen‐free ionic liquids
Authors: Castillo‐Cervantes Jazmin Narcedalia , Lijanova Irina Victorovna , Likhanova Natalya Victorovna , Olivares‐Xometl Octavio , Navarrete‐Bolaños Juan , Gómora‐Herrera Diana Rosa 
Published: September 2019

AbstractDyes are commonly used in various industries and unfortunately many of them are discharged into water bodies, causing environmental problems. In the current study, three hydrophobic, halogen‐free ionic liquids were synthesised and their capability as extracting agents was evaluated using four reactive dyes (CI Reactive Blue 4, CI Reactive Black 5, CI Reactive Orange 16 and CI Reactive Red 2). The ionic liquids, immiscible with the aqueous phase, could extract the reactive dyes from aqueous solutions, withdrawing the same amount of weight. The effects of pH and temperature on the extraction process were also studied. Trioctylmethyl ammonium ethylenediaminetetraacetate displayed a high extraction efficiency (99%), where only 33 mg of ionic liquids extracted 50 mg of CI Reactive Blue 4. Fourier Transform–infrared spectroscopy was used to screen the interaction between the ionic liquid and CI Reactive Blue 4 during the extraction stage.
Broader impacts in conservation research
Authors: Gould Rachelle K. , Coleman Kimberly J. , Krymkowski Daniel H. , Zafira Iberia , Gibbs‐Plessl Theodora , Doty Anna 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThis article explores the “broader impacts” of research related to biodiversity conservation. We analyze a sample of abstracts of proposals funded by the United States National Science Foundation's (NSF) Biology (BIO) and Social, Behavioral, and Economic Sciences (SBE) directorates. The analysis, based on the NSF conceptualization of broader impacts, identified 21 important types of broader impacts mentioned in the abstracts. Our results show that the vast majority of NSF grant recipients propose a small range of broader impacts, and that predictable differences exist in the types of broader impacts that are more and less common for conservation‐related work in the biological and social sciences. BIO abstracts contained proportionally fewer mentions of equity, case studies, international links, and workshops for conservation practitioners. SBE abstracts contained proportionally fewer mentions of dissemination to local communities, data sharing, websites, and curriculum. We discuss multiple forms of broader impact (e.g., process‐based impacts vs. sharing of results), and then, like the abstracts we analyzed, focus on communication and engagement mechanisms. In order to aid future efforts, we provide examples of unusual and particularly creative approaches that conservation scientists can use to enhance the broader impacts of their work.
EXTENDED MEANING AND UNDERSTANDING IN THE HISTORY OF IDEAS
Authors: BLAU ADRIAN 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACTMany historians focus primarily on authors' “intended meanings.” Yet all textual interpreters, including historians, need a second kind of meaning. I call this idea “extended meaning,” a new name for an old idea: “P means Q” is the same as “P logically implies Q.” Extended and intended meaning involve different kinds of understanding: even if we grasp exactly what authors meant, we miss something important if we overlook their errors, for example. Crucially, extended and intended meaning are not alternatives: just as some parts of texts cannot be understood without historical analysis, so too some parts of texts cannot be understood without philosophical analysis. Indeed, some historians are adept at using extended meanings to recover intended meanings. But the failure to make this explicit has led many historians to undervalue philosophical analysis. This article thus applies the idea of extended meaning to three practical questions: whether we can deviate from authors' intended meanings, whether we can use anachronisms, and how we can use extended meanings to recover intended meanings. The idea of extended meaning thus strengthens our theoretical foundations and offers valuable practical tools.
HARTOG, KOSELLECK, AND RICOEUR: HISTORICAL ANTHROPOLOGY AND THE CRISIS OF THE PRESENT
Authors: HOLDEN TERENCE 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACTI enquire here into whether historical anthropology may serve to orient the critique of modes of temporalization under the conditions specific to what François Hartog designates as the contemporary regime of historicity. To this end, I bring Hartog into conversation with Paul Ricoeur: both arrive at a diagnosis of the crisis of the present on the basis of a parallel interiorization of the metahistorical categories of Reinhart Koselleck. Sharing a common interlocutor, the diagnoses at which they arrive are nevertheless quite different in nature, a result of the way in which these categories are inflected alternatively toward the anthropological perspective of fundamental temporalization and the semantic perspective of articulation at the level of “orders of time.” I suggest that the crisis of the present eludes the grasp of both and, with a view to gaining a more secure critical purchase over this crisis, propose a framework for bringing them into conversation.
PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY AFTER 1945: A BIBLIOMETRIC STUDY
Authors: BEVERNAGE BERBER , IECKER DE ALMEIDA GISELE , DELANOTE BROOS , FROEYMAN ANTON , HUIJBERS PATTY , VAN DE MIEROOP KENAN 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACTMuch has been said about what philosophy of history should be. This bibliometric assessment of research in the philosophy of history examines what scholars in this field have actually produced. The study covers a dataset—a subsection of the bibliography of the International Network for Theory of History—of 13,953 books, articles, book chapters, dissertations, and other scholarly publications, encompassing materials written in seven different languages published between 1945 and 2014. This material was classified according to a multilayered system of taxonomy consisting of keywords representative of themes discussed in the field. Separate quantitative analyses were made to elucidate characteristics about the publication outputs in the field in the different language groups. Changes in paradigm, often referred to as “turns” or “trends,” have been mapped in this study, according to a quantitative analysis of the most recurrent keywords within a five‐year interval, which give an indication of the most debated themes in each period. ∗Religion/theology/secularization∗ is the most frequent keyword during the period 1945 to 1969, followed by ∗Marxism/historical‐materialism∗1 from 1970 to 1984, in what can be considered a second period of the field. Although many of the key publications of the linguistic turn were written within this second period, our dataset shows that it is not until the third period (1985–2014) that their writing goes on to influence other authors in the field.
WHERE NEUROSCIENCE GETS THINGS WRONG (AND RIGHT)
Authors: Gorman Jonathan 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACTAlex Rosenberg's book How History Gets Things Wrong holds that our attachment to history as a vehicle for understanding has a long evolutionary pedigree and a genetic basis, but this vehicle involves a defective theory of human nature because it involves a defective theory of the brain as shown by neuroscience. Reviewing his arguments, I argue that our attachment (if any) to history as a vehicle of understanding is not an inherited characteristic as evolutionary theory, if relevant, would require, but is developed culturally. I also argue that an evolutionary basis for a cognitive capacity does not undermine its reliability as a vehicle of knowledge or understanding. Moreover, evolutionary theory and neuroscience are separable theories, and neuroscience is misused and misunderstood by Rosenberg.Rosenberg holds that neuroscience provides a better theory of mind than does the “theory of mind” used by historians (as he understands them), where the latter is assumed by him to involve explaining by reference to beliefs and desires. However, Rosenberg illegitimately adopts what philosophers of mind call “theory‐theory” to characterize historians' assumptions and does not recognize that neuroscience need not be conceived as a rival theory of explanation of action. He wrongly supposes that historical narratives are essentially explanations of individual action. A better use of neuroscience is to learn that “imagining the past” and “imagining the future” use the same brain processes, and just as imagining the future has no causal chain linking the relevant brain states directly to reality, so we have no reason to think that “imagining the past” does. Getting our imaginings correct requires sound historiographical expertise.
Alginate microparticles as carriers for the UV filter 2‐ethylhexyl 4‐methoxycinnamate: Influence on photostability
Authors: Duarte J. , Almeida I.F. , Costa M. , Da Silva E.S. , Faria J.L. , Sousa Lobo J.M. , Costa P.C. , Scalia S. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractObjectiveThe organic ultraviolet UVB filter 2‐ethylhexyl 4‐methoxycinnamate (EHMC) was encapsulated in microparticles (MPs) of sodium alginate and co‐loaded with vitamin E (Vit.E) by an extrusion process using an aerodynamically assisted jetting (AAJ) methodology. The aim was to assess the effect of encapsulation concerning UVB filter release from the MPs and its photochemical stability.MethodsThe EHMC photostability was analysed by exposing the samples (both MPs in aqueous dispersion and incorporated in a cream preparation) during 1 h to simulated solar light. For the MPs (empty‐MP, EHMC‐MP and EHMC + Vit.E‐MP), the morphology and size were characterized; while in the case of the encapsulated samples, the amount of EHMC‐loading was determined. The release of EHMC was evaluated by adding EHMC‐MP or EHMC + Vit.E‐MP to 65% ethanol in water under mechanical stirring at 32°C.ResultsAll MPs showed a homogeneous size distribution with a median of 90.5 ± 2.5 μm for EHMC‐MP and 70.4 ± 1.14 μm for EHMC + Vit.E‐MP. The encapsulation efficiency was 92.9% and 99.4% for EHMC‐MP and EHMC + Vit.E‐MP, respectively. The observed release from the MPs was lower than the dissolution of the pure UV filter. EHMC‐MP and EHMC + Vit.E‐MP were successfully incorporated into a cream formulation, with no evidence of phase separation or colour modification. Upon simulated light exposure, the photoisomerization/phototransformation of EHMC encapsulated in MPs and Vit.E‐MP decreased as compared to free EHMC, both in aqueous dispersion and as a cream. The conformational ratio of the isomers (Z‐/E‐EHMC) was found to be the lowest in the presence of Vit.E.ConclusionThis work demonstrates that use of these alginate microparticulate carriers could enhance the effectiveness of sunscreen preparations containing this UVB filter.
Influence of grain quality characteristics and basic processing technologies on the mineral and antinutrient contents of iron and zinc biofortified open‐pollinated variety and hybrid‐type pearl millet
Authors: Gwamba John , Kruger Johanita , Taylor John R.N. 
Published: September 2019

SummaryThe present study aimed at determining whether mineral biofortified pearl millets will continue to maintain significantly higher iron and zinc contents after processing, and the effects of decortication, steeping/fermentation and parboiling on mineral, phytate and total phenolic contents in eight varieties of pearl millets (two biofortified hybrids, Dhanashakti and ICMH 1201, five improved varieties with high iron content and one traditional variety) were also investigated. The hybrids showed higher iron and zinc contents after processing compared to the improved varieties, for example, 17–51% and 10–26% higher iron and zinc contents, respectively, after steeping/fermentation followed by decortication compared to the best varieties. Phytate:mineral ratios also indicated that iron bioavailability was higher in the hybrids after processing, several times above the critical 1:1 ratio. Across all the types, iron content after processing was positively correlated (P ≤ 0.05) with high kernel weight, large kernels, and high fat content, and zinc content was positively correlated with high fat content. These kernel characteristics should aid in the selection of high iron and zinc pearl millet types.
Colour and flavour of potato protein preparations, depending on the antioxidants and coagulants used
Authors: Pęksa Anna , Miedzianka Joanna , Szumny Antoni , Łyczko Jacek , Nemś Agnieszka , Kita Agnieszka 
Published: September 2019

SummaryThe colour and profile of the aromatic compounds of potato juice (PJ) protein preparations were investigated following various process modifications. Several antioxidants (sodium bisulphate, tartaric acid, ascorbic acid), acidulants (tartaric, ascorbic and hydrochloric acids) and chelating agents (chloride, lactate and calcium hydrogen phosphate salts) used for pectin removal during the coagulation of the PJ proteins were evaluated. The combination of sodium bisulphate or ascorbic acid as antioxidants, with calcium chloride or lactate, and ascorbic acid as the protein coagulant, increased the brightness of the protein preparations. Forty‐one aromatic compounds, including aldehydes, alcohols and alkanes, were identified. The total concentration of volatiles ranged 59–105 μg g−1. The ascorbate variant contained the lowest n‐hexanal concentration. Different treatments did not impact significantly on the 2‐methyl‐propanal and 2‐methyl‐butanal concentrations. Interestingly, 2‐pentylfuran production was dramatically reduced (16.48 μg g−1) in the lactic variant in comparison to 40.52 μg g−1 with CaHPO4 addition.
Communal responsibility: a history of health collectives in Australia
Authors: Grant Matthew P. , Philip Jennifer A. M. , Deliens Luc , Komesaroff Paul A. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractHealthcare encompasses multiple discourses to which health professionals, researchers, patients, carers and lay individuals contribute. Networks of patients and non‐professionals often act collectively to build capacity, enhance access to resources, develop understanding and improve provision of care. This article explores the concept of health collectives and three notable examples that have had an enduring and profound impact in the Australian context.
The IL‐13–OVOL1–FLG axis in atopic dermatitis
Authors: Furue Kazuhisa , Ito Takamichi , Tsuji Gaku , Ulzii Dugarmaa , Vu Yen Hai , Kido‐Nakahara Makiko , Nakahara Takeshi , Furue Masutaka 
Published: September 2019

SummaryDespite sharing interleukin‐4 receptor α (IL‐4Rα) in their signaling cascades, IL‐4 and IL‐13 have different functions in atopic inflammation. IL‐13 preferentially participates in the peripheral tissues because tissue‐resident group 2 innate lymphoid cells produce IL‐13 but not IL‐4. In contrast, lymph node T follicular helper cells express IL‐4 but not IL‐13 to regulate B‐cell immunity. The dominant microenvironment of IL‐13 is evident in the lesional skin of atopic dermatitis (AD). The IL‐13‐rich local milieu causes barrier dysfunction by down‐regulating the OVOL1–filaggrin (FLG) axis and up‐regulating the periostin–IL‐24 axis. Genome‐wide association studies also point to the crucial involvement of the IL‐13, OVOL1 and FLG genes in the pathogenesis of AD. Biologics targeting IL‐13, such as the anti‐IL‐4Rα antibody dupilumab and the anti‐IL‐13 antibody tralokinumab, successfully improve AD lesions and further highlight the importance of IL‐13 in the pathogenesis of AD.
DIMENSIONS OF ADOLESCENT IN‐PATIENT BEHAVIOUR
Authors: Apter A. , Tyano S. , Wijsenbeek H. 
Published: September 2019

140 adolescent in‐patients were rated on a 40‐item, 3‐point behaviour scale. A principal component analysis was made and two major factors emerged which accounted for 44.3 % of the total variance: one factor related to level of functioning and over‐inhibition and the other to aggression.A graphical representation of the patients with respect to the above factors provided important information as regards prognosis and clinical diagnosis.As in previous related studies (Klein & Davis (1969)), the validity of clinical diagnostic categories was confirmed and information on the process of making these diagnoses was provided.
Recurrence quantification analysis of complex‐fractionated electrograms differentiates active and passive sites during atrial fibrillation
Authors: Baher Alex , Buck Benjamin , Fanarjian Manuel , Paul Mounsey J. , Gehi Anil , Chung Eugene , Akar Fadi G. , Webber Charles L. , Akar Joseph G. , Hummel James P. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractObjectivesTo differentiate electrograms representing sites of active atrial fibrillation (AF) drivers from passive ones.BackgroundAblation of complex‐fractionated atrial electrograms (CFAEs) is controversial due to difficulty in distinguishing CFAEs representing sites of active AF drivers from passive mechanisms. We hypothesized that active CFAE sites exhibit repetitive wavefront directionality, thereby inscribing an electrogram conformation (Egm‐C) that is more recurrent compared with passive CFAE sites; and that can be differentiated from passive CFAEs using nonlinear recurrence quantification analysis (RQA).MethodsWe developed multiple computer models of active CFAE mechanisms (ie, rotors) and passive CFAE mechanisms (ie, wavebreak, slow conduction, and double potentials). CFAE signals were converted into discrete time‐series representing Egm‐C. The RQA algorithm was used to compare signals derived from active CFAE sites to those from passive CFAEs sites. The RQA algorithm was then applied to human CFAE signals collected during AF ablation (n  =  17 patients).ResultsRQA was performed in silico on simulated bipolar CFAEs within active (n = 45) and passive (n = 60) areas. Recurrence of Egm‐C was significantly higher in active compared with passive CFAE sites (31.8% ± 19.6% vs 0.3% ± 0.5%, respectively, P < .0001) despite no difference in mean cycle length (CL). Similarly, for human AF (n = 39 signals), Egm‐C recurrence was higher in active vs passive CFAE areas despite similar CLs (%recurrence 13.6% ± 15.5% vs 0.1% ± 0.3%, P < .002; mean CL 102.5 ± 14.3 vs 106.6 ± 14.4, P = NS).ConclusionActive CFAEs critical to AF maintenance exhibit higher Egm‐C recurrence and can be differentiated from passive bystander CFAE sites using RQA.
Ventricular arrhythmias in the Chagas disease are not random phenomena: Long‐term monitoring in Chagas arrhythmias
Authors: Ferreira Silva Nancy Christiane , Reis Maria do Carmo M. , Póvoa Rui M. dos S. , de Paola Angelo A. V. , Luna Filho Bráulio 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackgroundVariability of ventricular arrhythmias among days in patients with Chagas disease is not detected by 24 hours of Holter monitoring.ObjectiveTo analyze whether ventricular arrhythmias are a random phenomenon or have a reproducible behavior in patients with Chagas cardiomyopathy.MethodHolter monitoring was recorded in 16 subjects with a mean age of 52 ± 8 years. They were clinically stable and had ventricular couplets, isolated premature ventricular contractions (PVCs), and nonsustained ventricular tachycardia (NSVT). The recordings occurred for 7 days. Hurst exponent (HE) evaluated randomness and predictability index (PI) and repeated analysis of variance (ANOVA) assessed reproducibility.ResultsThe HE was significantly greater than 0.5 in all 16 patients, which confirms the nonrandomness of arrhythmias in this Chagas sample. The PI for ventricular couplets and isolated PVCs was, on average, 38% and 54%, respectively. ANOVA with repeated measurement showed significant differences in the daily frequency of ventricular couplets (n = 15, P ≤ .05), isolated PVC (n = 12, P ≤ .05), and NSVT (n = 7, P ≤ .05).ConclusionVentricular arrhythmias in Chagas cardiomyopathy are not random. Dissimilarities in arrhythmias frequency make unlikely that 24 hours of Holter recording can capture this variability.
Safety of catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation in the octogenarian population
Authors: Romero Jorge , Ogunbayo Gbolahan , Elayi Samy C. , Darrat Yousef , Rios Saul A. , Diaz Juan C. , Alviz Isabella , Cerna Luis , Gabr Mohamed , Chernobelsky Elizabeth , Mohanty Sanghamitra , Trivedi Chintan G. , Della Rocca Domenico G. , Natale Andrea , Di Biase Luigi 
Published: September 2019

AbstractIntroductionCatheter ablation (CA) has been shown to be an effective treatment for atrial fibrillation (AF). The complication rates and outcomes among octogenarians remain poorly studied. We aimed to compare trends, morbidity, and mortality associated with CA for AF among octogenarians versus those less than 80 years old.MethodsUsing weighted sampling from the National Inpatient Sample database, we identified patients with a primary diagnosis of AF and a primary procedure of CA (2004‐2013). Our primary outcome was mortality. Secondary outcomes included incidence of major and minor complications.ResultsAmong 86,119 patients who underwent CA for AF, 3,482 were 80 years old or older. Complications were significantly more frequent in octogenarians; [16.2% (564 of 3,482) versus 9.8% (8,092 of 82,637), P < 0.001]. Of note, there was no significant difference for the composite of major complications; [3.6% (124 of 3482) in octogenarians versus 2.8% (2286 of 82637), P = 0.20]. The total mortality rate was not significant in a multivariate regression analysis (odds ratio [OR], 0.96; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.35‐2.64; P = .94). The presence of chronic renal failure (OR, 4.19; 95% CI, 2.75‐6.36; P < 0.001), anemia (OR, 1.75; 95% CI, 1.03‐2.97; P = .04), and chronic pulmonary disease (OR, 1.75; 95% CI, 1.11‐2.62; P = .015) were predictors of major complications in octogenarians.ConclusionCatheter ablation for AF in octogenarians does not confer a higher mortality risk than in those less than 80 years old. The procedure is associated with a higher rate of overall complications but there was no difference in terms of major complications or death. The presence of anemia, CKD or pulmonary disease were predictors of major complications in octogenarians.