bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Outcomes and Cost of Inpatient and Ambulatory Anterior Cervical Disk Replacement Using a State-level Database
Authors: Purger David A. , Pendharkar Arjun V. , Ho Allen L. , Sussman Eric S. , Veeravagu Anand , Ratliff John K. , Desai Atman M. 
Published: June 2019

Background:
Outpatient cervical artificial disk replacement (ADR) is a promising candidate for cost reduction. Several studies have demonstrated low overall complications and minimal readmission in anterior cervical procedures.

Objective:
The objective of this study was to compare clinical outcomes and cost associated between inpatient and ambulatory setting ADR.

Materials and Methods:
Outcomes and cost were retrospectively analyzed for patients undergoing elective ADR in California, Florida, and New York from 2009 to 2011 in State Inpatient and Ambulatory Databases.

Results:
A total of 1789 index ADR procedures were identified in the inpatient database (State Inpatient Databases) compared with 370 procedures in the ambulatory cohort (State Ambulatory Surgery and Services Databases). Ambulatory patients presented to the emergency department 19 times (5.14%) within 30 days of the index procedure compared with 4.2% of inpatients. Four unique patients underwent readmission within 30 days in the ambulatory ADR cohort (1% total) compared with 2.2% in the inpatient ADR group. No ambulatory ADR patients underwent a reoperation within 30 days. Of the inpatient ADR group, 6 unique patients underwent reoperation within 30 days (0.34%, Charlson Comorbidity Index zero=0.28%, Charlson Comorbidity Index>0=0.6%). There was no significant difference in emergency department visit rate, inpatient readmission rate, or reoperation rates within 30 days of the index procedure between outpatient or inpatient ADR. Outpatient ADR is noninferior to inpatient ADR in all clinical outcomes. The direct cost was significantly lower in the outpatient ADR group ($11,059 vs. 17,033; P<0.001). The 90-day cumulative charges were significantly lower in the outpatient ADR group (mean $46,404.03 vs. $80,055; P<0.0001).

Conclusions:
ADR can be performed in an ambulatory setting with comparable morbidity, readmission rates, and lower costs, to inpatient ADR.
The Oldest Sins in the Book
Authors: Pittroff Gail E. , Hendricks-Ferguson Verna L. 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACT:
The oldest sins in Scripture and resultant fall of humankind relate to temptation, deception, coercion, and disobedience. These same ethical issues are ever-present in conducting research. The purpose of this article is to draw on lessons from Genesis to avoid the common pitfalls of the original sins when engaging in nursing research.
Professional Driver’s Job Stress and 8-year Risk of Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Wu Wei-Te , Tsai Su-Shan , Wang Chung-Ching , Lin Yu-Jen , Wu Trong-Neng , Shih Tung-Sheng , Liou Saou-Hsing 
Published: June 2019

Background:
Two main job stress models—the Demand-Control-Support (DC) model and the Effort-Reward Imbalance (ERI) model have been used to assess the impact of psychosocial work-related factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Limited evidence elaborates the independent and combined effects on CVD events, especially for professional drivers. This study assesses the independent and combined effects of DC and ERI models on an 8-year risk of CVD among professional drivers.

Methods:
The Taiwan Bus Driver Cohort Study recruited 1650 professional drivers from a large bus company in 2005. The subjects were interviewed in person and completed the two job stress questionnaires. Researchers found 94 new cases of CVD (International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification [ICD-9-CM]: 390–459) from 2006 to 2012. A Cox proportional hazards model was performed to estimate the hazard ratio (HR) for CVD events.

Results:
Occupational drivers with high overcommitment scores (thresholds of 15) had an elevated risk for CVD (HR = 1.71; 95% CI = 1.04, 2.82). Regarding target disease, overcommitment had an increased risk for CVD (not including hypertensive disease) (HR = 1.27; 95% CI = 1.05, 1.54) and ischemic heart disease (HR = 1.32; 95% CI = 1.05–1.65).

Conclusion:
Overcommitment, which is associated with job stress, appears to be associated with CVD risk in professional drivers.
Acute Flaccid Myelitis
Authors: Cartwright Cathy C. , Wessol Jennifer L. 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACT
Acute flaccid myelitis is a poliolike illness affecting mainly children, which seems to occur every 2 years in the late summer and early fall. The 2018 outbreak was alarming to parents and healthcare providers because the etiology is still under investigation and long-term outcomes are unclear. Becoming familiar with what is known about the epidemiology and clinical characteristics of acute flaccid myelitis enables neuroscience nurses to disseminate accurate information and recognize and report suspicious symptoms.
Resolving Clinical Trial Subject Disengagement in Socioeconomically Disadvantaged Subjects
Authors: Rhudy James P. , Lewis Jonathan C. , Alexandrov Andrei V. , Alexandrov Anne W. 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Clinical trialists may be reluctant to enroll socioeconomically disadvantaged participants because of concerns for subject disengagement leading to noncompliance with longitudinal measures and high lost to follow-up (LTFU) rates. OBJECTIVES: We describe the LTFU problem associated with disadvantaged participants and propose strategies to reduce clinical trial disengagement. METHODS: Difficulties encountered in recruiting and retaining socioeconomically disadvantaged participants along with antecedents of disengagement are discussed. Data in the public domain were used to derive, symbolize, and map engagement by census tract. Exemplars of engaged and disengaged clinical trial participants are shared, and geospatial distribution of socio-spatial disengagement risk is presented. RESULTS: Subject disengagement can be visualized by geospatial informatics suggesting areas of low and high socio-spatial disengagement risk. By failing to enroll socioeconomically disadvantaged subjects, researchers may deliberately exclude those who may benefit the most because of significant health disparities. DISCUSSION: We propose a study of realistic LTFU rates for disadvantaged participants. Realistic clinical trial end points and methods may reduce disengagement among disadvantaged participants.
Gaining the Patient Perspective on Pelvic Floor Disorders’ Surgical Adverse Events
Authors: Dunivan Gena C. , Sussman Andrew L. , Jelovsek J. Eric , Sung Vivian , Andy Uduak U. , Ballard Alicia , Jakus-Waldman Sharon , Amundsen Cindy L. , Chermansky Christopher J. , Bann Carla M. , Mazloomdoost Donna , Rogers Rebecca G. 
Published: June 2019

(Abstracted from Am J Obstet Gynecol 2019;220:185.e1–185.e10)
Surgical adverse events (AEs) following urogynecological surgery are common. The incidence of any AEs in surgical studies ranges from 30% to 76%, and serious AEs range from 3% to 17%.
Interventions to Prevent Perinatal Depression: Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the US Preventive Services Task Force
Authors: O’Connor Elizabeth , Senger Caitlyn A. , Henninger Michelle L. , Coppola Erin , Gaynes Bradley N. 
Published: June 2019

(Abstracted from JAMA 2019;321(6):588–601)
Perinatal depression is a common condition that was estimated in 2012 to affect more than 180,000 new mothers (11.5%) annually in the United States and that can have serious impact on mother and infant well-being. Numerous interventions have been proposed to prevent perinatal depression, but there is no commonly agreed-on prevention method, creating a scenario with substantial variation in clinical practice.
Effect of Body Mass Index on Outcomes after Prepectoral Breast Reconstruction
Authors: Gabriel Allen , Sigalove Steven , Sigalove Noemi M. , Storm-Dickerson Toni L. , Pope Nicole , Rice Jami , Maxwell G. Patrick 
Published: June 2019

Background:
Body mass index has been shown to be a predictor of outcomes after subpectoral expander/implant reconstruction, with every unit increase in body mass index increasing the risk of complications by approximately 6 percent. The effect of body mass index on complications after prepectoral reconstruction has not yet been evaluated and is the purpose of this study.

Methods:
A total of 366 reconstructed breasts from 197 patients were stratified into five body mass index groups (normal; overweight; and class I, class II, and class III, obese) and postoperative complications were compared across the groups. Additional analyses were performed using broad classifications of body mass index into nonobese and obese in addition to normal, overweight, and obese. Body mass index as an independent predictor of complications was assessed using multivariate logistic regression analysis.

Results:
Complication rates did not differ significantly across body mass index groups when using the broad classifications. With five-group stratification, significantly higher rates of return to operating room, expander/implant loss, skin necrosis, wound dehiscence, and overall complications were seen in class II and/or class III obese versus overweight patients. However, on multivariate logistic regression analyses, body mass index, as a continuous variable, did not independently predict any complication. Diabetes and smoking emerged as significant predictors of any complication, indicating that these factors, rather than body mass index, were driving the increased rates of complications seen in the high–body mass index groups.

Conclusion:
Body mass index alone is not a predictor of outcomes after prepectoral expander/implant breast reconstruction and should not be used to estimate risk of postoperative complications or exclude patients for prepectoral reconstruction.

CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE:
Risk, II.
A computational model for learning from repeated trauma
Authors: Kaye Alfred P. , Kwan Alex C. , Ressler Kerry J. , Krystal John H. 
Published: June 2019

AbstracTraumatic events can lead to lifelong inflexible adaptations in threat perception and behavior which characterize posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). This process involves associations between sensory cues and internal states of threat and then generalization of the threat responses to previously neutral cues. However, most formulations neglect adaptations to threat that are not specific to those associations. In order to incorporate non-associative responses to threat, we propose a computational theory of PTSD based on adaptation to the frequency of traumatic events using a reinforcement learning momentum model. Recent threat prediction errors generate momentum that influences subsequent threat perception in novel contexts. This model fits data acquired from a mouse model of PTSD, in which unpredictable footshocks in one context accelerate threat learning in a novel context. The theory is also consistent with epidemiological data showing that PTSD incidence increases with the number of traumatic events, as well as the disproportionate impact of early life trauma. Since the theory proposes that PTSD relates to the average of recent threat prediction errors rather than the strength of a specific association, it makes novel predictions for the treatment of PTSD.
A Single Cell Transcriptomic Atlas Characterizes Aging Tissues in the Mouse
Authors:   The Tabula Muris Consortium, Pisco Angela Oliveira , McGeever Aaron , Schaum Nicholas , Karkanias Jim , Neff Norma F , Darmanis Spyros , Wyss-Coray Tony , Quake Stephen R 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAging is characterized by a progressive loss of physiological integrity, leading to impaired function and increased vulnerability to death1. Despite rapid advances over recent years, many of the molecular and cellular processes which underlie progressive loss of healthy physiology are poorly understood2. To gain a better insight into these processes we have created a single cell transcriptomic atlas across the life span of Mus musculus which includes data from 23 tissues and organs. We discovered cell-specific changes occurring across multiple cell types and organs, as well as age related changes in the cellular composition of different organs. Using single-cell transcriptomic data we were able to assess cell type specific manifestations of different hallmarks of aging, such as senescence3, genomic instability4and changes in the organism’s immune system2. This Tabula Muris Senis provides a wealth of new molecular information about how the most significant hallmarks of aging are reflected in a broad range of tissues and cell types.
Manatee: detection and quantification of small non-coding RNAs from next-generation sequencing data
Authors: Handzlik Joanna E , Tastsoglou Spyros , Vlachos Ioannis S , Hatzigeorgiou Artemis G 
Published: June 2019

AbstractSmall non-coding RNAs (sncRNAs) play important roles in health and disease. Next Generation Sequencing technologies are considered as the most powerful and versatile methodologies to explore small RNA (sRNA) transcriptomes in diverse experimental and clinical studies. Small RNA-Seq data analysis proved to be challenging due to non-unique genomic origin, short length and abundant post-transcriptional modifications of sRNA species. Here we present Manatee, an algorithm for quantification of sRNA classes and detection of uncharacterized expressed non-coding loci. Manatee adopts a novel approach for abundance estimation of genomic reads that combines sRNA annotation with reliable alignment density information and extensive reads salvation. Comparison of Manatee against state-of-the-art implementations using real/simulated data sets demonstrates its superior accuracy in quantification of diverse sRNA classes providing at the same time insights about unannotated expressed loci. It is user-friendly, easily embeddable in pipelines and provides a simplified output suitable for direct usage in downstream analyses and functional studies.
Employment after incarceration: managing a socially stigmatized identity
Authors: Anazodo Kemi Salawu , Ricciardelli Rose , Chan Christopher 
Published: June 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore the social stigmatization of the formerly incarcerated identity and how this affects employment post-release. The authors consider the characteristics of this identity and the identity management strategies that individuals draw from as they navigate employment.Design/methodology/approachThe authors conducted semi-structured interviews with 22 men at various stages of release from federal institutions in Canada. Participants were actively searching for employment, intending to or would consider searching for employment, or had searched for employment in the past post-incarceration. Participant data were simultaneously collected, coded and analyzed using an inductive approach (Gioia et al., 2012).FindingsFormerly incarcerated individuals have a unique awareness of the social stigmatization associated with their criminal record and incarceration history. They are tasked with an intentional choice to disclose or conceal that identity throughout the employment process. Six identity management strategies emerged from their accounts: conditional disclosure, deflection, identity substitution, defying expectations, withdrawal and avoidance strategies. More specifically, distinct implications of criminal record and incarceration history on disclosure decisions were evident. Based on participants’ accounts of their reintegration experiences, four aspects that may inform disclosure decisions include: opportune timing, interpersonal dynamics, criminal history and work ethic.Originality/valueThe authors explore the formerly incarcerated identity as a socially stigmatized identity and consider how individuals manage this identity within the employment context. The authors identify incarceration history and criminal record as having distinct impacts on experiences of stigma and identity management strategic choice, thus representing the experience of a “double stigma”.
Path optimization for navigation of a humanoid robot using hybridized fuzzy-genetic algorithm
Authors: Rath Asita Kumar , Parhi Dayal R. , Das Harish Chandra , Kumar Priyadarshi Biplab , Muni Manoj Kumar , Salony Kitty 
Published: June 2019

Purpose
Humanoids have become the center of attraction for many researchers dealing with robotics investigations by their ability to replace human efforts in critical interventions. As a result, navigation and path planning has emerged as one of the most promising area of research for humanoid models. In this paper, a fuzzy logic controller hybridized with genetic algorithm (GA) has been proposed for path planning of a humanoid robot to avoid obstacles present in a cluttered environment and reach the target location successfully. The paper aims to discuss these issues.

Design/methodology/approach
Here, sensor outputs for nearest obstacle distances and bearing angle of the humanoid are first fed as inputs to the fuzzy logic controller, and first turning angle (TA) is obtained as an intermediate output. In the second step, the first TA derived from the fuzzy logic controller is again supplied to the GA controller along with other inputs and second TA is obtained as the final output. The developed hybrid controller has been tested in a V-REP simulation platform, and the simulation results are verified in an experimental setup.

Findings
By implementation of the proposed hybrid controller, the humanoid has reached its defined target position successfully by avoiding the obstacles present in the arena both in simulation and experimental platforms. The results obtained from simulation and experimental platforms are compared in terms of path length and time taken with each other, and close agreements have been observed with minimal percentage of errors.

Originality/value
Humanoids are considered more efficient than their wheeled robotic forms by their ability to mimic human behavior. The current research deals with the development of a novel hybrid controller considering fuzzy logic and GA for navigational analysis of a humanoid robot. The developed control scheme has been tested in both simulation and real-time environments and proper agreements have been found between the results obtained from them. The proposed approach can also be applied to other humanoid forms and the technique can serve as a pioneer art in humanoid navigation.
A theoretical and empirical validation of information technology and path-goal leadership on knowledge creation in university
Authors: Saide Saide , Indrajit Richardus Eko , Trialih Rahmat , Ramadhani Siti , Najamuddin Najamuddin 
Published: June 2019

PurposeThis paper aims to assess the importance of maximizing resources in an institution to promote knowledge management (KM) practices, namely, leadership, information technology (IT) and KM. The relationship among them was analyzed. Previous studies’ relating aspects of KM were concerned about the industry; however, the academic institution has not received much attention. Therefore, to address this in an academic setting, the authors developed research model by focusing on an academic institution.Design/methodology/approachThe authors used structural equation modeling to check the research prototype with a sample of 160 respondents. The respondents were heads of departments, lecturers and general employees. In addition, the authors used SPSS to measure demographic, non-response bias and generate descriptive statistics.FindingsThe findings of this research show that the leadership style with path goal theory and IT are elements that support KM program in university setting. The results of hypothesis are displayed in Figure 2, including examining factors that influence of path goal theory, technology and KM program. In other hand, path goal theory had a positive influence on KM program (c = 0.13,p< 0.05), and IT had a positive influence on KM program (c = 0.20,p< 0.05).Research limitations/implicationsFinally, the authors are not to claim that this will be suitable in many academic institutions and organization types. In this study, the authors tested or checked existing leadership style in university, then suggest/explain to University what style of leadership currently they have and suggest to them how this style may support knowledge sharing practice in University. While the strength of this study provides an opportunity to explore the KM program of an academic institution, limitations do exist above. Therefore, this statement needs to be investigated and validated further.Practical implicationsThe findings of this research may help companies and workers to initiate sharing knowledge or to encourage knowledge sharing in University. In addition, managerial staffs/officers are supposed to make standardization or regulation to encourage workers’ participation for transferring their knowledge. In this aspect, company needs create such as training or formal/informal meeting to make their workers more confidence to communicate each other.Originality/valueThe authors have combined various aspects, namely, KM, leadership style and social media tools, to solve the obstacle of knowledge sharing practices.
Managing service capacity with boundedly rational consumers under social interactions
Authors: Li Chengzhang , Jiang Minghui , Yuan Xuchuan 
Published: June 2019

Purpose
Consumers are inclined to join longer queues due to social interactions in service consumptions. This purchase behavior brings in operational challenges in terms of capacity planning, which affects consumers’ demand, leading to an unstable and fluctuated arrival process. This paper aims to investigate the dynamic characteristics of the arrival process of a service system with boundedly rational consumers whose purchase decisions are influenced by the queue length under social interactions.

Design/methodology/approach
Consumers’ bounded rationality is modeled based on the random utility theory. Due to social interactions, the equilibrium queue length and its interaction with the expected waiting time affect consumers’ value perception. The authors first analyze the optimal service capacity decision with or without considering the influence of social interactions in a static setting. They then focus on the dynamic characteristics of the arrival process by a one-dimensional dynamical model in terms of the arrival rate.

Findings
This paper finds that the service system can behave chaotic in terms of arrival rate dynamics under social interactions. The results highlight the dynamical complexity of a simple service system due to consumers’ behavioral factors and the influence of social interactions, which may be the critical drivers leading to fluctuated and uneven demand.

Originality/value
The findings demonstrate that due to consumers’ limited cognitive ability and the influence of social interactions, the demand to a service system can be stable, periodic or even chaotic in terms of the arrival process. This study provides an alternative explanation to the observed demand fluctuations in various service processes under the influence of social interactions, which is important for service providers to effectively manage service capacity to achieve a stable service process and improve operational efficiency.