bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The implication of violation of cooperative principle in discourse on corruption of Indonesia Lawyers Club
Authors: Sinaga Mangatur , Dahnilsyah Dahnilsyah 
Published: February 2019

This article discusses the violation implicature of cooperative principle of discourse on corruption of Indonesia Lawyers Club. The applied theories are: (1) Searle’s speech acts (1969); (2) Austin’s Locutionary, Illocutionary, and Perlocutionary (1962); (3) Grice’s conversational implicatures and cooperative principles (in Leech,1993); (4) Levinson’s pragmatics and semantic deviation (1983), Parker’s pragmatics (in Rahardi, 2005;48); (5) Spencer and Wilson’s relevance theory (in Rahardi, 2010). Data were gathered by means of listening and recording. The speeches were analyzed by employing the maxim violation and implicatures theories. The violation of cooperative principle implies (1) the speakers fully comprehend the speech, (2) Government has insufficient budget to pay the judges of regional anti-corruption court, (3) Government seems skeptical about the regional judge selection test, (4) The speakers are fully confident that they posses capability of eradicating corruption, (5) Both payment and allowance of the regional judge of anti-corruption court do not receive scholarly attention that have made difficult for them to work as law enforcers and as justice enforcers, (6) Some negative effects emerged by virtue of the poor planning of the establishment of the regional court, (7) The anti-corruption court lost dignity; The role of Judicial commission is not effective in providing guidances to the judges, (9) All elements have committed corruption like termites keep encircling nation, (10) issues on corruption are not seriously discussed (11) regional elections indirectly trigger corruption.
The study of history based on local antiquity: A case study of existence of Kampar River in analyzing the past maritime in teaching history
Authors: Kamaruddin Kamaruddin , Ahmal Ahmal 
Published: February 2019

This paper describes the history-based learning local history, which takes the case of the existence of the Kampar River as local aspects in the learning of the maritime history in Indonesia. The data obtained through the triangulation by collecting interviews, observation, documentation study and refered to articles, journals, textbooks and data other documents in the library that supported the teaching of history based on local history in the analyzing of maritime history in Indonesia, then it was investigated and drawn as a conclusion that the Kampar River was able to be used as the study of history in the local context in understanding of the teaching history in Indonesia related to maritime history. The results in this study show that first, Kampar River is a river that is loaded with historical events of the Kingdom of Sriwijaya, The Kingdom of Islamic until the independence of Indonesia. Second, the existence of Kampar River as a aspect of emergence of history / local aspect which is able to be used as information about the maritime historyto the learners. For learning process, it involves local aspects of learners to connect, internalize and develop cooperation in analyzing of the concept aspects practicely in teaching maritime history. The concept of local history-based teaching history is contextually-learning learning concept that emphasizes the relevance of teaching materials with real world of learners. The existence of Kampar River is a means emergence of history / local aspect can be used as information about the maritime history to assist in the understanding of teaching maritime history on the learner, for learning involving local aspects for learners to connect, internalize and develop cooperation in analyzing aspects of the concept to praxis in teaching maritime history. The concept of local history-based teaching history is contextually-learning learning concept that emphasizes the relevance of teaching materials with real world of learners. The existence of Kampar River is a means emergence of history / local aspect can be used as information about the maritime history to assist in the understanding of teaching maritime history on the learner, for learning involving local aspects for learners to connect, internalize and develop cooperation in analyzing aspects of the concept practically in learning the maritime history. The concept of local history-based learning is contextually-learning that emphasizes the relevance of teaching materials with real world of learners.
The pulsation study of rectified current of the three-phase rectifier bridge at not fully valve modes
Authors: Oliinyk M. Y. , Maltseva N. H. , Sabat M. B. , Fedyshyn V. H. 
Published: February 2019

The methodology of pulsations determination of the permanent current for the three-phase rectifier bridge at not fully valve modes under the condition of continuous current of loading and symmetrical supply system is proposed. The proposed methodology takes into account the influence of filters on the pulsations of the permanent current, in case they create actively-indicative character of loading. To the same extant the proposed methodology can be used for normal modes of operation of three-phase rectifier bridge under the above mentioned conditions.
Effect of choroidal collateral vessels on de novo hemorrhage in moyamoya disease: analysis of nonhemorrhagic hemispheres in the Japan Adult Moyamoya Trial
Authors: Funaki Takeshi , Takahashi Jun C. , Houkin Kiyohiro , Kuroda Satoshi , Fujimura Miki , Tomata Yasutake , Miyamoto Susumu 
Published: February 2019

OBJECTIVEFollowing hemorrhagic stroke in moyamoya disease, de novo intracranial hemorrhage can occur in the previously unaffected nonhemorrhagic hemisphere. In the present analysis the authors intended to determine whether the presence in the nonhemorrhagic hemisphere of choroidal collateral vessels, which have been the focus of attention as a source of bleeding, affects the risk of de novo hemorrhage.METHODSThe subject of focus of the present cohort study was the nonhemorrhagic hemispheres of adult patients with hemorrhagic moyamoya disease enrolled in the Japan Adult Moyamoya Trial and allocated to the nonsurgical arm. The variable of interest was the presence of choroidal collaterals (also termed choroidal anastomoses), identified with baseline angiography and represented by a connection (anastomosis) between the anterior or posterior choroidal arteries and the medullary arteries. The outcome measure was de novo hemorrhage during the 5-year follow-up period, assessed in all nonhemorrhagic hemispheres. The incidence of de novo hemorrhage in the collateral-positive and -negative groups was compared.RESULTSChoroidal collaterals were present in 15 of 36 (41.7%) nonhemorrhagic hemispheres analyzed. The overall annual risk of de novo hemorrhage was 2.0%. Three de novo hemorrhages occurred in the collateral-positive group, whereas no hemorrhage occurred in the collateral-negative group. The annual risk of de novo hemorrhage was significantly higher in the collateral-positive group than in the collateral-negative group (5.8% per year vs 0% per year; p = 0.017). All hemorrhage sites corresponded to the distribution of choroidal collaterals.CONCLUSIONSThe present preliminary results suggest that the presence of choroidal collaterals affects the risk of de novo hemorrhage in the nonhemorrhagic hemisphere, subject to verification in larger studies. Further studies are needed to determine the optimal treatment strategy for nonhemorrhagic hemispheres and asymptomatic patients.
Prediction of recurrence in solid nonfunctioning pituitary macroadenomas: additional benefits of diffusion-weighted MR imaging
Authors: Ko Ching-Chung , Chen Tai-Yuan , Lim Sher-Wei , Kuo Yu-Ting , Wu Te-Chang , Chen Jeon-Hor 
Published: February 2019

OBJECTIVEA subset of benign, nonfunctioning pituitary macroadenomas (NFMAs) has been shown to undergo early progression/recurrence (P/R) during the first years after surgical resection. The aim of this study was to determine preoperative MR imaging features for the prediction of P/R in benign solid NFMAs, with emphasis on apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values.METHODSWe retrospectively investigated the preoperative MR imaging features for the prediction of P/R in benign solid NFMAs. Only the patients who had undergone preoperative MRI and postoperative MRI follow-ups for more than 1 year (at least every 6–12 months) were included. From November 2010 to December 2016, a total of 30 patients diagnosed with benign solid NFMAs were included (median follow-up time 45 months), and 19 (63.3%) patients had P/R (median time to P/R 24 months).RESULTSBenign solid NFMAs with cavernous sinus invasion, failed chiasmatic decompression, large tumor height and tumor volume, high diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) signal, and lower ADC values/ratios were significantly associated with P/R (p < 0.05). The cutoff points of ADC value and ADC ratio for prediction of P/R are 0.77 × 10−3 mm2/sec and 1.01, respectively, with area under the curve (AUC) values (0.9 and 0.91) (p < 0.01). In multivariate Cox proportional hazards analysis, low ADC value (< 0.77 × 10−3 mm2/sec) is a high-risk factor of P/R (p < 0.05) with a hazard ratio of 14.07.CONCLUSIONSBenign solid NFMAs with low ADC values/ratios are at a significantly increased risk of P/R, and aggressive treatments accompanied by close follow-up with imaging studies should be considered.
Nerve capping with a nerve conduit for the treatment of painful neuroma in the rat sciatic nerve
Authors: Onode Ema , Uemura Takuya , Takamatsu Kiyohito , Shintani Kosuke , Yokoi Takuya , Okada Mitsuhiro , Nakamura Hiroaki 
Published: February 2019

OBJECTIVETreatment of painful neuroma remains difficult, despite the availability of numerous surgical procedures. Recently, nerve capping treatment for painful neuroma using artificial nerve conduits has been introduced in clinical and basic research. However, the appropriate length of the nerve conduit and the pain relief mechanism have not been determined. In this study the authors aimed to investigate nerve capping treatment with a bioabsorbable nerve conduit using the rat sciatic nerve amputation model. Using histological analysis, the authors focused on the nerve conduit length and pain relief mechanism.METHODSSixteen Sprague Dawley rats were evaluated for neuropathic pain using an autotomy (self-amputation) score and gross and histological changes of the nerve stump 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks after sciatic nerve neurectomy without capping. Forty-five rats were divided into 3 experimental groups, no capping (control; n = 15), capping with a 3-mm nerve conduit (n = 15), and capping with a 6-mm nerve conduit (n = 15). All rats were evaluated using an autotomy score and nerve stump histology 12 weeks after neurectomy. The nerve conduit was approximately 0.5 mm larger than the 1.5-mm diameter of the rat sciatic nerves to prevent nerve constriction.RESULTSThe autotomy scores gradually exacerbated with time. Without capping, a typical bulbous neuroma was formed due to random axonal regeneration 2 weeks after neurectomy. Subsequently, the adhesion surrounding the neuroma expanded over time for 12 weeks, and at the 12-week time point, the highest average autotomy scores were observed in the no-capping (control) group, followed by the 3- and the 6-mm nerve conduit groups. Histologically, the distal axonal fibers became thinner and terminated within the 6-mm nerve conduit, whereas they were elongated and protruded across the 3-mm nerve conduit. Minimal perineural scar formation was present around the terminated axonal fibers in the 6-mm nerve conduit group. Expressions of anti–α smooth muscle actin and anti–sigma-1 receptor antibodies in the nerve stump significantly decreased in the 6-mm nerve conduit group.CONCLUSIONSIn the rat sciatic nerve amputation model, nerve capping treatment with a bioabsorbable nerve conduit provided relief from neuroma-induced neuropathic pain and prevented perineural scar formation and neuroinflammation around the nerve stump. The appropriate nerve conduit length was determined to be more than 4 times the diameter of the original nerve.
Spinal instrumentation in infants, children, and adolescents: a review
Authors: Mendenhall Stephen , Mobasser Dillon , Relyea Katherine , Jea Andrew 
Published: February 2019

OBJECTIVEThe evolution of pediatric spinal instrumentation has progressed in the last 70 years since the popularization of the Harrington rod showing the feasibility of placing spinal instrumentation into the pediatric spine. Although lacking in pediatric-specific spinal instrumentation, when possible, adult instrumentation techniques and tools have been adapted for the pediatric spine. A new generation of pediatric neurosurgeons with interest in complex spine disorder has pushed the field forward, while keeping the special nuances of the growing immature spine in mind. The authors sought to review their own experience with various types of spinal instrumentation in the pediatric spine and document the state of the art for pediatric spine surgery.METHODSThe authors retrospectively reviewed patients in their practice who underwent complex spine surgery. Patient demographics, operative data, and perioperative complications were recorded. At the same time, the authors surveyed the literature for spinal instrumentation techniques that have been utilized in the pediatric spine. The authors chronicle the past and present of pediatric spinal instrumentation, and speculate about its future.RESULTSThe medical records of the first 361 patients who underwent 384 procedures involving spinal instrumentation from July 1, 2007, to May 31, 2018, were analyzed. The mean age at surgery was 12 years and 6 months (range 3 months to 21 years and 4 months). The types of spinal instrumentation utilized included occipital screws (94 cases); C1 lateral mass screws (115 cases); C2 pars/translaminar screws (143 cases); subaxial cervical lateral mass screws (95 cases); thoracic and lumbar spine traditional-trajectory and cortical-trajectory pedicle screws (234 cases); thoracic and lumbar sublaminar, subtransverse, and subcostal polyester bands (65 cases); S1 pedicle screws (103 cases); and S2 alar-iliac/iliac screws (56 cases). Complications related to spinal instrumentation included hardware-related skin breakdown (1.8%), infection (1.8%), proximal junctional kyphosis (1.0%), pseudarthroses (1.0%), screw malpositioning (0.5%), CSF leak (0.5%), hardware failure (0.5%), graft migration (0.3%), nerve root injury (0.3%), and vertebral artery injury (0.3%).CONCLUSIONSPediatric neurosurgeons with an interest in complex spine disorders in children should develop a comprehensive armamentarium of safe techniques for placing rigid and nonrigid spinal instrumentation even in the smallest of children, with low complication rates. The authors’ review provides some benchmarks and outcomes for comparison, and furnishes a historical perspective of the past and future of pediatric spine surgery.
Premorbid migraine history as a risk factor for vestibular and oculomotor baseline concussion assessment in pediatric athletes
Authors: Moran Ryan N. , Covassin Tracey , Wallace Jessica 
Published: February 2019

OBJECTIVEMigraine history has recently been identified as a risk factor for concussion and recovery. The authors performed a cross-sectional study examining baseline outcome measures on newly developed and implemented concussion assessment tools in pediatrics. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of premorbid, diagnosed migraine headaches as a risk factor on vestibular and oculomotor baseline assessment in pediatric athletes.METHODSPediatric athletes between the ages of 8 and 14 years with a diagnosed history of migraine headache (n = 28) and matched controls without a history of diagnosed migraine headache (n = 28) were administered a baseline concussion assessment battery, consisting of the Vestibular/Ocular Motor Screening (VOMS), near point of convergence (NPC), and the King-Devick (K-D) tests. Between-groups comparisons were performed for vestibular symptoms and provocation scores on the VOMS (smooth pursuit, saccades, convergence, vestibular/ocular reflex, visual motion sensitivity), NPC (average distance), and K-D (time).RESULTSIndividuals diagnosed with migraine headaches reported greater VOMS smooth pursuit scores (p = 0.02), convergence scores (p = 0.04), vestibular ocular reflex scores (p value range 0.002–0.04), and visual motion sensitivity scores (p = 0.009). Differences were also observed on K-D oculomotor performance with worse times in those diagnosed with migraine headache (p = 0.02). No differences were reported on NPC distance (p = 0.06) or headache symptom reporting (p = 0.07) prior to the VOMS assessment.CONCLUSIONSPediatric athletes diagnosed with migraine headaches reported higher baseline symptom provocation scores on the VOMS. Athletes with migraine headaches also performed worse on the K-D test, further illustrating the influence of premorbid migraine headaches as a risk factor for elevated concussion assessment outcomes at baseline. Special consideration may be warranted for post-concussion assessment in athletes with migraine headaches.
Impact of surgery timing for craniosynostosis on neurodevelopmental outcomes: a systematic review
Authors: Mandela Rachel , Bellew Maggie , Chumas Paul , Nash Hannah 
Published: February 2019

OBJECTIVEThere are currently no guidelines for the optimum age for surgical treatment of craniosynostosis. This systematic review summarizes and assesses evidence on whether there is an optimal age for surgery in terms of neurodevelopmental outcomes.METHODSThe databases MEDLINE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, Embase + Embase Classic, and Web of Science were searched between October and November 2016 and searches were repeated in July 2017. According to PICO (participants, intervention, comparison, outcome) criteria, studies were included that focused on: children diagnosed with nonsyndromic craniosynostosis, aged ≤ 5 years at time of surgery; corrective surgery for nonsyndromic craniosynostosis; comparison of age-at-surgery groups; and tests of cognitive and neurodevelopmental postoperative outcomes. Studies that did not compare age-at-surgery groups (e.g., those employing a correlational design alone) were excluded. Data were double-extracted by 2 authors using a modified version of the Cochrane data extraction form.RESULTSTen studies met the specified criteria; 5 found a beneficial effect of earlier surgery, and 5 did not. No study found a beneficial effect of later surgery. No study collected data on length of anesthetic exposure and only 1 study collected data on sociodemographic factors.CONCLUSIONSIt was difficult to draw firm conclusions from the results due to multiple confounding factors. There is some inconclusive evidence that earlier surgery is beneficial for patients with sagittal synostosis. The picture is even more mixed for other subtypes. There is no evidence that later surgery is beneficial. The authors recommend that future research use agreed-upon parameters for: age-at-surgery cut-offs, follow-up times, and outcome measures.
Impact of sagittal spinopelvic alignment on clinical outcomes and health-related quality of life after decompression surgery without fusion for lumbar spinal stenosis
Authors: Ogura Yoji , Shinozaki Yoshio , Kobayashi Yoshiomi , Kitagawa Takahiro , Yonezawa Yoshiro , Takahashi Yohei , Yoshida Kodai , Yasuda Akimasa , Ogawa Jun 
Published: February 2019

OBJECTIVEPatients with lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) tend to bend forward to relieve neurological symptoms. They therefore have a positive sagittal vertical axis (SVA). The importance of the SVA value is well known in the field of adult spinal deformity; however, little is known about its impact on LSS. The authors sought to investigate the impact of sagittal spinopelvic alignment on clinical outcome and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) after decompression surgery for LSS.METHODSThe authors retrospectively reviewed 83 patients who underwent lumbar decompression without fusion between January 2014 and September 2015 with a minimum follow-up of 2 years. Standing whole-spine radiographs were examined preoperatively and at final follow-up. Based on the SVA, patients were allocated to a sagittal balance group (group B; SVA < 50 mm) or a sagittal imbalance group (group I; SVA ≥ 50 mm). The authors compared the groups using Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA), Zurich Claudication Questionnaire (ZCQ), Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire (RMDQ), and the 8-item Short Form Health Survey (SF-8) scores.RESULTSPreoperative groups B (group pre-B) and I (group pre-I) included 58 and 25 patients, respectively. Preoperative sagittal malalignment had negative effects on the JOA score recovery rate, postoperative ZCQ physical function domain score, and numeric rating scale (NRS) score of postoperative low-back pain (LBP), but no significant effects were observed for RMDQ and SF-8 domain scores. Postoperatively, groups B (group post-B) and I (group post-I) included 60 and 23 patients, respectively. Group post-I had a significantly worse JOA score recovery rate, postoperative symptom severity domain score in the ZCQ, and NRS score for postoperative LBP. Similarly, the postoperative RMDQ score and the Physical Component Summary score of the SF-8 were significantly worse in group post-I.CONCLUSIONSPositive SVA had significantly negative effects on clinical outcome and HRQOL in LSS patients after lumbar decompression surgery.
Reassessing the impact of intraoperative electrocorticography on postoperative outcome of patients undergoing standard temporal lobectomy for MRI-negative temporal lobe epilepsy
Authors: Grewal Sanjeet S. , Alvi Mohammed Ali , Perkins William J. , Cascino Gregory D. , Britton Jeffrey W. , Burkholder David B. , So Elson , Shin Cheolsu , Marsh Richard W. , Meyer Fredric B. , Worrell Gregory A. , Van Gompel Jamie J. 
Published: February 2019

OBJECTIVEAlmost 30% of the patients with suspected temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) have normal results on MRI. Success rates for resection of MRI-negative TLE are less favorable, ranging from 36% to 76%. Herein the authors describe the impact of intraoperative electrocorticography (ECoG) augmented by opioid activation and its effect on postoperative seizure outcome.METHODSAdult and pediatric patients with medically resistant MRI-negative TLE who underwent standardized ECoG at the time of their elective anterior temporal lobectomy (ATL) with amygdalohippocampectomy between 1990 and 2016 were included in this study. Seizure recurrence comprised the primary outcome of interest and was assessed using Kaplan-Meier and multivariable Cox regression analysis plots based on distribution of interictal epileptiform discharges (IEDs) recorded on scalp electroencephalography, baseline and opioid-induced IEDs on ECoG, and extent of resection.RESULTSOf the 1144 ATLs performed at the authors’ institution between 1990 and 2016, 127 (11.1%) patients (81 females) with MRI-negative TLE were eligible for this study. Patients with complete resection of tissue generating IED recorded on intraoperative ECoG were less likely to have seizure recurrence compared to those with incomplete resection on univariate analysis (p < 0.05). No difference was found in seizure recurrence between patients with bilateral independent IEDs and unilateral IEDs (p = 0.15), presence or absence of opioid-induced epileptiform activation (p = 0.61), or completeness of resection of tissue with opioid-induced IEDs on intraoperative ECoG (p = 0.41).CONCLUSIONSThe authors found that incomplete resection of IED-generating tissue on intraoperative ECoG was associated with an increased chance of seizure recurrence. However, they found that induction of epileptiform activity with intraoperative opioid activation did not provide useful intraoperative data predictive of improving operative results for temporal lobectomy in MRI-negative epilepsy.