bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experiences of computer‐based and conventional self‐help interventions for eating disorders: A systematic review and meta‐synthesis of qualitative research
Authors: Yim See Heng , Schmidt Ulrike 
Published: July 2019

AbstractObjectiveSelf‐help interventions have been demonstrated to be effective in treating bulimic‐type eating disorders (EDs). In particular, computer‐based interventions have received increasing attention due to their potential to reach a wider population. This systematic review aimed to synthesize findings from qualitative studies on users' experiences of self‐help interventions for EDs and to develop an exploratory framework.MethodA systematic review and meta‐synthesis on seven peer‐reviewed qualitative studies on structured computer and book‐based self‐help interventions for EDs was conducted using Noblit and Hare's (1988) 7‐phase meta‐ethnography. Four of the selected studies investigated computer‐based self‐help programs, and three of the studies investigated book‐based guided self‐help programs.ResultsSix concepts were synthesized. They included intervention‐related factors (anonymity and privacy; accessibility and flexibility; guidance) and user‐related factors (agency/autonomy; self‐motivation; and expectations/attitudes). The study revealed the “machine‐like” and relational properties of the computer; the expansion of treatment time and space in psychological interventions, the changing role of the medical health professional from a “therapist” to a “guide,” and a change from understanding interventions as a conclusive treatment plan to a starting point or stepping stone toward recovery.DiscussionComputer‐based self‐help interventions should take advantage of the “machine‐like” properties of a computer (neutrality, availability, etc.) as well as its ability to facilitate human interactions. Users should also be facilitated to have a realistic understanding of the purpose of self‐help interventions and the place of self‐help interventions in their broader treatment plans to moderate expectations and attitudes.
Rapid Determination of Phenolic Compounds in Water Samples: Development of a Paper‐based Nanobiosensor Modified with Functionalized Silica Nanoparticles and Potato Tissue
Authors: Rahimi‐Mohseni Mohadeseh , Raoof Jahan Bakhsh , Aghajanzadeh Tahereh A. , Ojani Reza 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIn this study, we present a fast, simple, low‐cost and disposable method for determination of phenolic content in water samples, using a paper based polyphenol oxidase biosensor. The propylamine functionalized silica nanoparticles was dropped onto a paper sheet. After drying at room temperature, the potato tissue extract including polyphenol oxidase was immobilized on the paper via physical and chemical adsorption. The modified paper was placed on the top of the graphite screen printed electrode. To construct of an electrochemical nanobiosensor, the electrochemical behavior of the modified electrode in different steps was investigated by cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy methods. After being optimized the effective parameters, the changes in the biosensor electrochemical response vs. to the different concentrations of the substrate (phenol solution) were monitored by differential pulse voltammetry and amperometry methods. The linear relationships for phenol detection were obtained in the concentration ranges of 0.01–160 μM and 0.1–300 μM with a detection limit of 0.007 μM and 0.042 μM with DPV and amperometry methods, respectively. This method was successfully used in the voltammetric determination of the phenol content in the real samples, like the river water and the wastewater of wood factory.
Synbiotic yoghurt with walnut and cereal brittle added as a next‐generation bioactive compound: Development and characteristics
Authors: Gorlov Ivan Fiodorovich , Shishova Valeria Viktorovna , Slozhenkina Marina Ivanovna , Serova Olga Petrovna , Mosolova Natalia Ivanovna , Zlobina Elena Yurievna , Barmina Tatiana Nikolaevna 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe article presents a technology developed for the production of synbiotic Yoghurt with new bioactive filler based on natural components. The Yoghurt has prebiotic and sorption properties. A higher consumer appeal of the product developed has been substantiated; its characteristics compared with the Yoghurt of traditional production technology have been presented. The brittle, containing peeled walnuts, as well as barley, wheat, rye, oatmeal and buckwheat flakes, sugar, and water, was used as a filler. Optimum time and temperature regimes of boiling caramel mixtures and brewing raw walnut–cereal mass in the brittle have been selected. The formulation developed enables increasing the nutritional and biological values of the finished product. The research studies of the finished product involved an analysis of organoleptic, physicochemical, and microbiological points. When performing the tasks, the approved regulatory and technical documentation (GOST) was applied. Each measurement was carried out in triplicate. The physicochemical characteristics of the samples developed were compared with the requirements for the quality of fermented milk products. The nutritional and biological values were calculated. The increase in consumer properties, and nutritional and biological values of the finished dairy product was scientifically substantiated and experimentally confirmed.
Adrenal tumor characterization on magnetic resonance images
Authors: Barstugan Mucahid , Ceylan Rahime , Asoglu Semih , Cebeci Hakan , Koplay Mustafa 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAdrenal tumors occur on adrenal glands and are generally detected on abdominal area scans. Adrenal tumors, which are incidentally detected, release vital hormones. These types of tumors that can be malignant affect body metabolism. Both of benign and malign adrenal tumors can have a similar size, intensity, and shape, this situation may lead to wrong decision during diagnosis and characterization of tumors. Thus, biopsy is done to confirm diagnosis of tumor types. In this study, adrenal tumor characterization is handled by using magnetic resonance images. In this way, it is wanted that patient can be disentangled from one or more imaging modalities (some of them can includes X‐ray) and biopsy. An adrenal tumor image set, which includes five types of adrenal tumors and has 112 benign tumors and 10 malign tumors, was used in this study. Two data sets were created from the adrenal tumor image set by manually/semiautomatically segmented adrenal tumors and feature sets of these data sets are constituted by different methods. Two‐dimensional gray‐level co‐occurrence matrix (2D‐GLCM), gray‐level run‐length matrix (GLRLM), and two‐dimensional discrete wavelet transform (2D‐DWT) methods were analyzed to reveal the most effective features on adrenal tumor characterization. Feature sets were classified in two ways: benign/malign (binary classification) and type characterization (multiclass classification). Support vector machine and artificial neural network classified feature sets. The best performance on benign/malign classification was obtained by the 2D‐GLCM feature set. The best results were assessed with sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, precision, and F‐score metrics and they were 99.17%, 90%, 98.4%, 99.17%, and 99.13%, respectively. The highest classification performance on type characterization was obtained by the 2D‐DWT feature set as 59.62%, 96.17%, 93.19%, 54.69%, and 54.94% for sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, precision, and F‐score metrics, respectively.
Impaired oxygen demand during exercise is related to oxidative stress and muscle function in Facioscapulohumeral Muscular Dystrophy
Authors: Wilson Vinicius Dias , Thomas Claire , Passerieux Emilie , Hugon Gérald , Pillard Fabien , Andrade André Gustavo , Bommart Sébastien , Picot Marie‐Christine , Pincemail Joël , Mercier Jacques , Arbogast Sandrine , Laoudj‐Chenivesse Dalila 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAimsFacioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD) causes progressive muscle weakness and loss. This study aims to compare changes in quadriceps oxygenation and hemodynamics during maximal voluntary quadriceps isometric contraction (MVCQ) and to determine the relationships between these parameters and systemic oxidative stress markers and muscle structural parameters and muscle volume in patients with FSHD and healthy controls.Methods and results17 patients with FSHD and 14 sedentary healthy controls were matched for age and physical activity level. Blood antioxidant status and stress markers were evaluated. The quadriceps tissue oxygenation index was evaluated by near infrared spectroscopy during MVCQ. Quadriceps volume was determined by magnetic resonance imaging. Quadriceps muscle samples were obtained to evaluate muscle fiber typology and mitochondria morphology by transmission electron microcopy (TEM). Groups were compared by the unpaired Student t‐test or by the non‐parametric Kruskal ‐ Wallis test in case of skewed distributions with p<0.05. Associations were assessed by Spearman correlations. Compared to controls, patients with FSHD displayed a significantly lower local O2 consumption per second that was correlated with significantly lower MVCQ and systemic oxidative stress marker levels. Although no difference in muscle typology was observed between groups, TEM showed abnormal aggregation of mitochondria near blood capillaries in FSHD muscles.ConclusionsThese results suggest that patients with FSHD have a lower O2 demand during MVCQ and that TOI measured by NIRS during MVC could be useful to determine the muscle oxidative capacity. Furthermore, these adaptations are related to the muscle structure reorganization linked to the occurrence of oxidative stress.
Ethical guidelines for publishing in the journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle rapid communications
Authors: von Haehling Stephan , Ebner Nicole , Morley John E. , Coats Andrew J.S. , Anker Stefan D. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThis article details the principles of ethical authorship and publishing in the Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle Rapid Communications (JCSM Rapid Communications). At the time of submission to JCSM Rapid Communications, the corresponding author, on behalf of all co‐authors, needs to certify adherence to these principles. The principles are obtained below:
All authors listed on a manuscript considered for publication have approved its submission and (if accepted) publication as provided to JCSM Rapid Communications;
No person having a right to be recognized as author has been omitted from the list of authors on the submitted manuscript;
The submitted work is original and is neither under consideration elsewhere nor has it been published previously in whole or in part other than in abstract form;
All authors certify that the work is original and does not contain excessive overlap with prior or contemporaneous publication elsewhere, and where the publication reports on cohorts, trials, or data that have been reported on before these other publications must be referenced;
All original research work are approved by the relevant bodies such as institutional review boards or ethics committees;
All conflicts of interest, financial or otherwise, that may affect the authors' ability to present data objectively, and relevant sources of funding have been duly declared in the manuscript;
The manuscript in its published form will be maintained on the servers of JCSM Rapid Communications as a valid publication only as long as all statements in the guidelines on ethical publishing remain true; and
If any of the aforementioned statements ceases to be true, the authors have a duty to notify the Editors of JCSM Rapid Communications as soon as possible so that the available information regarding the published article can be updated and/or the manuscript can be withdrawn.
Immobilization in diabetic rats results in altered glucose tolerance A model of reduced locomotion/activity in diabetes
Authors: Marmonti Enrica , Busquets Sílvia , Toledo Míriam , Ricci Marina , Bria Jessica , Oliva Francesc , López‐Pedrosa José María , Manzano Manuel , Rueda Ricardo , López‐Soriano Francisco J. , Argilés Josep M. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAims Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus affects more than 350 million people worldwide. This metabolic disorder is characterized by insulin resistance, β‐cell dysfunction and elevated hepatic glucose output. Patients with diabetes are hospitalized frequently (3‐fold greater) and with longer admissions (30% longer) than the non‐diabetic subjects. The aim of the present study was to investigate the impact of bed rest on the metabolic changes in type 2 diabetes mellitus, with particular interest in skeletal muscle mass and function and metabolism.Methods and results 13wk old male Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats were randomly divided into two groups: control (ZDF‐Con) and cage‐immobilized animals (ZDF‐Cage) for 28 consecutive days in a space‐restricted cage. The Area Under the Curve (AUC) values for plasma glucose concentration in ZDF‐Cage rats were significantly increased (approximately 4‐fold as compared with ZDF‐Con rats). GLUT4 gene expression in red soleus muscle of ZDF‐Cage animals was reduced 2.5‐fold in comparison with ZDF‐Con rats. Although no apparent changes were observed either in fasting plasma glucose or insulin levels, a trend towards an increase in the HOMA‐IR index and decreased levels of plasma adiponectin (‐30%) were observed in ZDF‐Cage animals. Moreover, ZDF‐Cage rats did not lose muscle mass and force but performed a reduced total physical activity level (‐22%).Conclusions The present study results suggests that 28 days of immobilization (in a space‐restriction model) significantly impaired glucose tolerance with concomitant reduced plasmatic adiponectin levels and GLUT4 expression in soleus muscle of type 2 diabetic rats.
The association between sarcopenia and decorin, an exercise‐induced myokine, in patients with liver cirrhosis: a pilot study
Authors: Bekki Masafumi , Hashida Ryuki , Kawaguchi Takumi , Goshima Norihiro , Yoshiyama Teruhito , Otsuka Takashi , Koya Shunji , Hirota Keisuke , Matsuse Hiroo , Niizeki Takashi , Torimura Takuji , Shiba Naoto 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundSarcopenia frequently occurs in patients with liver cirrhosis (LC). The skeletal muscles secrete myokines, including myostatin, irisin, and decorin, which regulate skeletal muscle mass. This study aimed to investigate the association between myokine levels and muscle mass and to identify independent factors for muscle mass in patients with LC.Methods and ResultsThirty‐nine patients with LC were enrolled in this study (mean age, 75 years [41–84], female/male, 19/20) and were classified into muscle atrophy or non‐atrophy groups according to the Japan Society of Hepatology guidelines. Serum levels of myostatin, irisin, and decorin were measured by ELISA/EIA. Independent factors associated with skeletal muscle index (SMI) were investigated. Profiles associated with non‐atrophic muscle were determined by a decision‐tree analysis. There were no significant differences in body mass index (BMI) or blood ammonia or myostatin levels between the muscle atrophy and non‐atrophy groups. However, serum decorin and irisin levels were significantly higher in the non‐atrophy group than the atrophy group (11,888±5,418 vs. 5,642±1,978 pg/mL, P=0.0394; 35.1±1.9 vs. 31.1±8.3 ng/mL, P=0.0109). BMI and serum decorin level were identified as independent factors associated with SMI (P=0.0121, P=0.0483). In the decision‐tree analysis, serum decorin level was identified as the first divergence variable for non‐atrophic muscle. Of the patients with ≥10,226.8 pg/mL of decorin, 75% were in the non‐atrophy group.ConclusionsSerum decorin level was significantly associated with skeletal muscle mass and was an independent factor for skeletal muscle non‐atrophy in patients with LC. Decorin may be an important myokine regulating sarcopenia in patients with LC
Chemotherapy‐induced loss of bone and muscle mass in a mouse model of breast cancer bone metastases and cachexia
Authors: Hain Brian A. , Xu Haifang , Wilcox Jenna R. , Mutua Daniel , Waning David L. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundChemotherapy used to treat malignancy can lead to loss of skeletal muscle mass and reduced force production, and can reduce bone volume in mice. We have shown that bone‐muscle crosstalk is a key nexus in skeletal muscle function and bone homeostasis in osteolytic breast cancer bone metastases. Because chemotherapy has significant negative side effects on bone mass, and because bone loss can drive skeletal muscle weakness, we have examined the effects of chemotherapy on the musculoskeletal system in mice with breast cancer bone metastases.Methods and resultsSix‐week‐old Female athymic nude mice were inoculated with 105 MDA‐MB231 human breast cancer cells into the left ventricle and bone metastases were confirmed by X‐ray. Mice were injected with carboplatin at a dose of 60mg/kg once per week starting 4 days after tumor inoculation. Skeletal muscle was collected for biochemical analysis and extensor digitorum longus (EDL) whole muscle contractility was measured. The femur and tibia bone parameters were assessed by microCT and tumor burden in bone was determined by histology. Healthy mice treated with carboplatin lose whole body weight and have reduced individual muscle weights (gastrocnemius, tibialis anterior (TA), and EDL), reduced trabecular bone volume (BV/TV), and reduced EDL function. Mice with MDA‐MB‐231 bone metastases treated with carboplatin lose body weight, and have reduced EDL function as healthy mice treated with carboplatin. Mice with MDA‐MB‐231 bone metastases plus carboplatin do have reduced proximal tibia BV/TV compared to carboplatin alone, but carboplatin does reduce tumor burden in bone.ConclusionsOur data shows that carboplatin treatment, aimed at reducing tumor burden, contributes to cachexia and trabecular bone loss. The muscle atrophy and weakness may occur through bone‐muscle crosstalk and would lead to a feed‐forward cycle of musculoskeletal degradation. Despite anti‐tumor effects of chemotherapy, musculoskeletal impairment is still significant in mice with bone metastases.
The long noncoding RNA CTA‐941F9.9 is frequently downregulated and may serve as a biomarker for carcinogenesis in colorectal cancer
Authors: Guo Zhexu , Zhou Cen , Zhong Xi , Shi Jinxin , Wu Zhonghua , Tang Kaiwen , Wang Zhenning , Song Yongxi 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundLong noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) participate in the carcinogenesis of many different cancers. This study aimed to detect expression of lncRNA CTA‐941F9.9 in colorectal cancer tissues compared with matched nontumorous adjacent tissues (NATs). Moreover, we investigated whether this molecule is able to influence carcinogenesis in colorectal cancer (CRC).MethodsColorectal cancer tissues and NATs from two cohorts of patients were examined. Quantitative PCR was performed to quantify levels of CTA‐941F9.9 expression in these samples. The association between CTA‐941F9.9 expression and clinicopathological features, including receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, was also analyzed to evaluate the diagnostic value of CTA‐941F9.9 in CRC. Potential effects of lncRNA CTA‐941F9.9 on CRC cells were assessed via autophagy, transwell assay, CCK8 assays, and flow cytometry.ResultsOur experimental results showed lncRNA CTA‐941F9.9 to be significantly downregulated in CRC tissues in both cohorts, with areas under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.802 and 0.876. However, no significant correlations between CTA‐941F9.9 expression levels and clinicopathological characteristics or patient outcomes were observed. We also found that CTA‐941F9.9 promotes autophagy in CRC cell lines but no significant function of CTA‐941F9.9 in regulating cancer cell proliferation or migration.ConclusionsLncRNA CTA‐941F9.9 is frequently downregulated in CRC compared with NATs and might play an important role in CRC carcinogenesis.
Nitroreductases of bacterial origin in Giardia lamblia: Potential role in detoxification of xenobiotics
Authors: Müller Joachim , Müller Norbert 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe anaerobic parasite Giardia lamblia, causative agent of persistent diarrhea, contains a family of nitroreductase genes most likely acquired by lateral transfer from anaerobic bacteria or archaebacteria. Two of these nitroreductases, containing a ferredoxin domain at their N‐terminus, NR1, and NR2, have been characterized previously. Here, we present the characterization of a third member of this family, NR3. In functional assays, recombinant NR1 and NR3 reduced quinones like menadione and the antibiotic tetracycline, and—to much lesser extents—the nitro compound dinitrotoluene. Conversely, recombinant NR2 had no activity on tetracycline. Escherichia coli expressing NR3 were less susceptible to tetracycline, but more susceptible to the nitro compound metronidazole under semi‐aerobic growth conditions. G. lamblia overexpressing NR1 and NR3, but not lines overexpressing NR2, are more susceptible to the nitro drug nitazoxanide. These findings suggest that NR3 is an active quinone reductase with a mode of action similar to NR1, but different from NR2. The biological function of this family of enzymes may reside in the use of xenobiotics as final electron acceptors. Thereby, these enzymes may provide at least two evolutionary advantages namely a higher potential to recycle NAD(P) as electron acceptors for the (fermentative) energy and intermediary metabolism, and the possibility to inactivate toxic xenobiotics produced by microorganisms living in concurrence inside the intestinal habitat.
A steerable dielectric resonator antenna array with isoflux radiation pattern
Authors: Davids Vernon P. , Lehmensiek Robert 
Published: July 2019

AbstractA dielectric resonator antenna array is presented which is intended for use as an integrated solar panel antenna on low Earth orbit small satellites, such as CubeSats. This array has a back‐to‐back Yagi‐Uda topology and can steer its beam ensuring a constant flux density at a satellite ground station. This isoflux gain profile is formed by the envelope of the steered beams which are controlled using a single digital phase shifter. The array achieved a beam steering limit of ±66° with a measured maximum gain of 11.4 dBi.
A wideband planar filtering dipole antenna for 5G communication applications
Authors: Xi Lei 
Published: July 2019

AbstractA wideband planar filtering dipole antenna for 5G communication applications is proposed in this article. The proposed dipole antenna is composed of two rectangle radiation patches, fed by the inverted L‐shaped feedline. Because of the gradient feedline, a wideband dipole antenna is obtained. Two complementary stepped impedance resonators (CSIRs) branches and two complementary split‐ring resonators (CSRRs) are etched on the radiating rectangular patches so that the antenna produces under and upper resonant zeros out of the operating band. The reflection coefficient of the mentioned antenna is <‐10 dB in 3.08 to 5.15 GHz (50.3%). In the working frequency band, the radiation pattern of the antenna is very stable. In the desired frequency bands, the antenna gain is >2 dBi. Specially, there are above 23 dB radiation suppression for gain in the out of band. Finally, the filtering dipole antenna is processed and fabricated, and the measured results are consistent with the simulation results.