bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Kimberlite and Lamproite Rocks of Vajrakarur Area, Andhra Pradesh
Authors: Ajit Kumar Reddy T. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Kimberlite and lamproite diatremes of late Proterozoic age (840 to 1020 m.y.) within the Archaean granites and gneisses (Peninsular Gneiss) around Vajrakarur in Andhra Pradesh show unusual mineralogy, mantle and crustal xenoliths and variable diamond distribution. Two of the pipe rocks correspond to kimberlite breccias with around 40% crustal xenoliths. Two pipe rocks are identical in mineralogy, xenolith content and chemistry to the classical kimberlites of Kimberley in South Africa. These four kimberlite pipes are diamond-bearing with xenocrysts and megacrysts of forsteritic olivine, pyrope-garnet, chrome diopside and magnesian ilmenite. Mantle xenoliths identified include peridotite and eclogite. The other two pipe rocks rich in phlogopite vary in petrography, mineral chemistry and whole rock geochemistry from classical kimberlites and show closer affinity to lamproites of West Australia, Spain and Arkansas. These rocks contain two generations of olivine, sanidine, phlogopite in a fine-grained matrix composed of phlogopite, olivine, perovskite, sanidine, clinopyroxene, richterite, serpentine, carbonates. melilite and possible leucite and glass. Rarity of pyrope garnet, chrome diopside from the' indicator' suite, xenoliths from 'mantle' suite and the absence of diamond are characteristic. The six kimberlites generally show high values of MgO, AI2O3, CaO, K2O and Na2O. The two olivine lamproites described are characterised by significantly high values of TiO2, Fe2O3, K2O, Na2O and P2O5•
The petrology, mineral chemistry and rock geochemistry of mica-rich kimberlite are found to be transitional between kimberlite and lamproite rocks and suggest a separate petrogenesis. possibly from a different area within the mantle. A shallower origin is indicated by the absence of kimberlite indicator minerals, mantle xenoliths and diamond.
Distribution of Phosphorus and Phosphatisation along the Western Continental Margin of India
Authors: Rao Ch M. , Paropkari A. L. , Mascarenhas A. , Murty P. S. N. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Phosphate content in the bulk sediments range from 0.02 to 2.17% and on carbonate free basis it varies from 0.03 to 6.57%. The partition studies indicate that contribution from the acid resistant detrital minerals (HCl insolubles) is negligible. In the inner shelf, the phosphorus is mainly associated with iron (as ferric-phosphate?) and organic carbon. In the outer shelf/slope its association with carbonate suggests its authigenic/diagenetic origin. This is also supported by X-ray diffraction studies wherein the apatite peak is revealed in some samples. In general, sympathetic relationship of phosphorus with organic carbon in the study region indicates genetic relationship between these two elements, which is an important condition for phosphatogenesis. Further, these studies suggest that the outershelf/slope region between Bombay and Quilon is the promising area for detailed exploration for phosphorite deposits.
A Note on the Possible Contamination in the Vicinity of the Debari Zinc Smelter, District Udaipur, Rajasthan
Authors: Bheemalingeswara K. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The geochemical soil survey carried out near the Debari Zinc smelter near Udaipur, Rajasthan, as part of a regional geochemical survey, showed anomalous concentrations of Cu, Pb and Zn in the vicinity of the smelter. This anomaly could not be attributed to the country rock, because of rather low concentrations in litho-units. The pollution caused by the zinc smelter is suspected to be its source. Little away to the north, concentration appears to be related to secondary dispersion from bed rock.
Himalayan Thrusts and Structural Belts
Authors: Srikantia S. V. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The Himalayan Orogen is characterised by a series of linear and parallel thrusts demarcating individual tectono-stratigraphic units. Two major tectogens, the Lesser Himalayan and the Tethyan, are recognised and these are separated by the Main Central Thrust (MCT). The MCT is the most fundamental of all thrusts in the Himalaya and represents the outermost tectonic transgression of the crystalline thrust nappes with or without Phanerozoic Tethyan cover over the Lesser Himalayan tectogen. The MCT can be recognised all along the Himalaya and is invariably characterised by retrogressive metamorphic characters and schuppen structures. It also comprises sub-nappes like the Salkhala and the Jutogh in the NW Himalaya.
The Lesser Himalayan Tectogen has several structural belts demarcated by well-defined thrust planes and imbricate zones. The Himachal Himalaya has the maximum development of these structural belts.
Another important aspect of Lesser Himalayan tectogen is the extensive detachment of cover rocks along the planes of unconformity or even bedding.
Along the northern margin of the Tethys Himalayan tectogen, the thrust sheets generally have a NE-directed movement, whereas along the southern margin the thrust sheets have SW-directed movement. The highest allochthon in the Himalaya is represented by the Shilakong and Jungbwa ophiolite nappes.
The Indus Tectonic Zone borders the Himalaya along its northern margin and is represented by two structural belts viz. the Sangeluma and Indus belts.
Basement Configuration of the Area West of Koyna (India) from the Analysis of Aeromagnetic Data
Authors: Agrawal P. K. , Negi J. G. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
An aeromagnetic map of the area west of Koyna (lr23' N, 73°45' E), bounded between latitude 17°5' Nand 17°35' N and longitude 73°15' E and 73°40' E, is spectrally analysed to derive a basement relief model. The model reflects structural heterogeneity conforming well with the existing estimates of trap thickness from other geophysical methods. Two prominent structural features-one near Chatnali and the other to the west of Durga Dongar-are observed which indicate fault-like structures. Between south of Alore and northeast of Mutagaon, a body with high reverse magnetization with its top lying at a depth of about 1200 m is also indicated. These results seem to indicate a limited triggering role of reservoir-induced seismicity in the region and point to the existence of pre-reservoir instability of the Koyna zone.
Nature and Magma Type of Jagannathpur Volcanics, Singhbhum, Eastern India
Authors: Alvi Shabber H. , Raza M. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Jagannathpur volcanics which occur as faulted outliers within the Noa mundi-Koira sequence of banded iron formation (BIF) of Singhbhum are analysed for major and selected trace elements. Chemical data indicate that the volcanics are calc-alkaline basalts. High MgO, Ni, Cr along with intermediate Si02, low CaO/Al203 ; Ti/Zr and high Zr/Y ratios in majority of the samples match well with modern boni- nites. It would, therefore, appear that Jagannathpur volcanics represent ao early phase of arc volcanism.
On the Geometry of Folds
Authors: Bajpai R. K. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
For the purpose of differentiating various geometric classes of folds, the author has tried a new parameter. It has been designated as ratio ,va. The value of va varies from one geometric class of the folds to the other. Folds with class 1 geometry show a value greater than 1, whereas class 3 folds show a value less than 1. For the class 2 folds ,va it is always 1.
Hydrocarbon Prospects of Gondwana Basins in India: Source Rock Studies of Kamthi Sub-Basin of Pranhita-Godavari Graben
Authors: Pal Minaxi , Venkatesh V. , Balyan A. K. , Sarkar A. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Several workers have proposed that coals can be regarded as possible source rocks of oil and gas. The present study was undertaken with the objective of geochemical evaluation of coals and associated shales of Kamthi sub-basin of Pranhita-Godavari Graben. The studies indicate that Barakars of Kamthi sub-basin contain sufficient humic organic matter deposited in intermediate to swampy environment. The organic matter is immature and is capable of generating only gaseous hydrocarbons.
Mineralogy, Geochemistry and Genesis of Middle Riphean Phosphatic Carbonates, Tirohan Limestone (Lower Vindhyan Supergroup), Chitrakut Area, Central India
Authors: Kumar S. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In the Tirohan Limestone (Formation), collophane is associated with stromatolite-bearing horizon near Janaki Kund, Chitrakut area, Madhya Pradesh. It occurs as pellets, stromatolite laminae and as an envelope around stromatolites. The collophane is identified as carbonate fluorapatite which is confirmed by cell dimensions with a (Å) = 9.3638 and c (Å)= 6.8934. The C02 content is 1.80%, d13C (organic), value for collophane is -21.99 PDB. The apatite does not show any correlation with any major or minor elements except with Ca with which it has poor positive correlation. It is envisaged that the apatite must have been formed on the stromatolite surfaces below sedirnent/water interface by the activity of microorganisms dominated by sessile bacteria.
Re-Os Dating of Molybdenites from Southern India: Implication for Pan-African Metallogeny
Authors: Santosh M. , Suzuki Katsuhiko , Masuda Akimasa 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Rhenium-Osmium (Re-Os) dating of two molybdenite samples from the alkali granite and pegmatite of Ambalavayal in northern Kerala (S. India) yielded ages of 567±28 Ma and 566±77 Ma, respectively. These ages closely compare with the previously determined Rb-Sr whole rock age of 595±20 Ma Rb-Sr for granite, and K-Ar biotite age of 560±30 Ma for the pegmatite.
Our study provides the first direct determination of the timing of ore mineralization associated with felsic magmatism in southern India, and reveals the fingerprints of a prominent Pan-African metallogenic event. This timing coincides with the formation of rare metal and gemstone-bearing pegmatites in different parts of southern India, Sri Lanka, Madagascar and East Antarctica. In most cases, the mineralizations are genetically related to felsic magmas emplaced along structural conduits, suggesting that the magmatism and metallogeny are related to deep-seated extension in the cratonized crustal segments of the Gondwana assembly.
Archaean High-Grade Gneiss Complex from Satnur-Halagur-Sivasamudram Areas, Karnataka, Southern India: Petrogenesis and Crustal Evolution
Authors: Mahabaleswar B. , Jayanand M. , Peucat J. J. , Shadakshasra Swamy N. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The high-grade gneiss complex of the Satnur-Halagur-Sivasamudram area in southern Karnataka forms a part of amphibolite-granulite facies transition zone of southern India. The major lithologies are metasediments (quartzites-pelites-BIF-Mn-horizons), amphibolite facies gneisses, foliated charnockites, mafic granulites, granite sheets (Closepet-type). All these lithologies show a prominent N-S fabric which appears to have been produced during late Archaean shear deformation. Rb-Srwhole rock isochron and U-Pb zircon and monazite ages suggest that much of the crust accreted during 2.96 Ga magmatic event followed by the 2.5 Ga granulite facies metamorphism; the occurrence of a previous high-grade metamorphism close to 2.9 Ga remains debatable.
Both gneisses and foliated charnockites show similar chemical characteristics except in LIL elements, which appear to have been disturbed during granulite metamorphism. Low Mg# (0.18-0.27), low content of HFS elements (Ti, Nb, Ta, Hf and Y) and strongly fractionated REE patterns with HREE depletion suggest that magmatic history of the gneisses and charnockites are similar to the classical Archaean trondhjemite, tonalite, granodiorite suites (TTG).
The geodynamic evolution of the Satnur-Halagur-Sivasamudram area implies a change in the thermal structure and melting conditions of lithosphere from 3.0 to 2.5 Ga. Following the model of Martin (1987), the magmatic protoliths of gneisses and charnockites could have been generated in an accretion zone (subduction-mantle plume ?)2.9 Ga ago, where young oceanic crust melted before dehydration. Granulite facies metamorphism occurred during latest Archaean: synchronous mantle derived melts tapped into mid-crustal levels along a major shear-zone where they induced migmatization (Closepet-type batholith; Jayananda et al. 1994) immediately followed by granulite metamorphism, related to a possible 2.5 Ga old mega-plume (Peucat et al. 1993b).
Preliminary U-Pb Zircon Ages of High-Grade Rocks in Southern Kerala, India
Authors: Soman K. , Narayanaswamy  , Van Schmus W. R. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
South Kerala in southwestern India offers interesting khondalite-charnockite assemblages suitable for detailed multidisciplinary case studies on granulite petrogenesis. Arrested chamockite formation is also characteristic of the terrain. Absolute ages of the khondalites are poorly constrained; we have obtained limited U-Pb zircon data for various rock types of south Kerala khondalite belt. Zircons from khonddite sensu-stricto and garnet-biotite gneiss of possible sedimentary origin give a concordia upper-intercept apparent age of ca. 2200 Ma, suggesting that the khondalites contain detrital material that is atleast Early Proterozoic in age; the data yield a tower intercept apparent age of ca. 400-600 Ma, but it is not clear if this represents new zircon growth andepisodic Pb loss at that time (preferred) or is an artifact of norrnal diffusive loss of radiogenenic Pb. Zircons from retrograded granulitic gneisses have zircon upper-intercept apparent ages of ca. 1550 Ma, indicating either a younger protolith age or, more probably, greater radiogenic Pb loss during subsequent migmatite-grade metamorphism that caused retrogression of the granulite. Since all the zircon populations are complex, more detailed anaIyses will need to be pursued to resolve age relationships of these rocks with greater certainty. Monazite from a retrograded granulitic gneiss, yields a concordant age of ca. 520 Ma; this age is probably related to late Proterozoic-Early Cambrian regional thermal event in south Kerala and is correlative with a similar event in Sri Lanka.
Late Cenozoic - Quaternary Thermo-Tectonic History of Wigher Himalayan Crystalline (HHC) in Kishtwar- Padar-Zanskar region, NW Himalaya: Evidence from Fission Track Ages
Authors: Kumar Ashok , Lal Nand , Jain A. K. , Sorkhabi R. B. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Fission Track (m) ages of apatite and zircon from the Higher Himalayan Crystalline (HHC), SE - Jammu and Kashmiralong Chenab-Suru-Dodarivers and their tributaries provide constraints on the cooling (&lt;250°C) and exhumation history of these rocks. FT ages of apatite/zircon versus the topographic elevations of the host samples from different traverses provide linear relationships, indicating differential and secular nature of exhumation in the Himalaya. The HHC belt is exhumedat a rate of about 0.27 mm/a during Middle to Late Miocene. However, regional exhumation rate near the base along the Main Central Thrust and in central parts of the HHC from FT apatite ages is faster upto 0.35 mm/a since Late Miocene. Exhumation has considerably slowed down to 0.11 mm/a along its northern boundary and 0.02 mm/a along the Zanskar Shear Zone. No apparent faster exhurnationis discernible either along thee MCT or the Zanskar ShearZone (ZSZ). On the other hand, three large fold structures namely the Suru Dome, the Chisoti Dome and the Kishtwaranti formal window have indicated very young and fast exhumation of 0.33 mm/a, 1.1 mm/a and 3.6 mm/a respectively during the last 1 to 5 Ma.
Fluid Inclusion Study of the Neoproterozoic Nagthat Siliciclastic Sediments, NW Kumaun Lesser Himalaya: Implications to Quartz Cementation History
Authors: Sachan Himanshu K. , Ghosh Sumit K. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The fluid inclusion study in quartz overgrowth in the siliciclastics of Neoproterozoic Nagthat Formation reveals that the quartz cementation took place in the range of 80°C to 130°C with a salinity range of 0.82 to 9.18 wt. % NaCl. The microthermometric data, combined with petrographic and geologic evidences pennitted to constrain the nature of cementing fluids and source of cement. The silica for quartz cementation was derived partly from both the internal source (quartz and feldspar dissolution) and external source (pore fluids). It can be further suggested that the quartz cementation in the lower stratigraphic level (near the Chandpur Formation) is mainly by marine water while in the upper stratigraphic level (near the Blaini Formation), meteoric water has played an important role for the same.
A Combination of Internal and External Connection Screw-Retained Implant Restorations in Esthetic Zone Rehabilitation: A Case Report
Authors: Moghadam Hamid Ranaee , Ranjbar Ali , Sharifi Morteza 
Published: November 2024

This case report describes the rehabilitation of the Esthetic-Zone of the maxillary jaw of a 70-year-old female patient by using 4 implants (BEGO Semados® RS/RSX) with the challenging position of her implants due to her age and channel access of the Fixtures and also the Difficulty in supplying desired prosthetic parts due to existing problems. In the beginning, the treatment plan was to reconstruct the mouth using conventional restoration with UCLA abutments, but due to the unavailability of non-hex abutments As well as the failure to achieve the desired Esthetic demands of the patient by using this treatment plan, especially in the anterior implant area of the jaw, it Innovatively was decided to use a combination of cylindrical abutments (BEGO MultiPlus system) and UCLA abutments to Design and fabrication of the Final restoration.
Crohnʼs Disease with Gingival Enlargement as the First Sign: A Case Report
Authors: Fattahi Bahareh , Khalesi Saeedeh , Badi Sanaye Mohammad Reza , Momeni Amir Mohammad 
Published: November 2024

Crohn’s disease (CD) is a process of gastrointestinal mucosa inflammation that could be seen in any part of the gastrointestinal tract from oral to anus. Oral lesions could be the first sign in most patients. The lesions in Crohn’s disease are divided to specific and nonspecific lesions. The specific lesions are less common than nonspecific ones. Tag-like lesions and cobblestones are some of the specific lesions and ulcer is a non-specific lesion. The diagnosis of Crohn’s disease is based on a combination of symptoms, enteroscopy, gastroscopy, capsule endoscopy, histopathology and imaging. Oral involvement of CD is also known as oral Crohn’s disease (OCD). Early diagnosis of OCD may be the most influential factor in controlling it. This case report presents a 47-year-old female patient with gingivitis and gingival erythema and enlargement as her chief complaint which was the first sign of CD.
Artificial intelligence technologies in medicine: development dynamics in the Russian Federation and abroad
Authors: Pchelkin A. A. , Muzaleva O. V. , Akhmineeva A. Kh. 
Published: November 2024

The rapid development of information technology in healthcare, the growth of data volumes and the complexity of diagnostic and treatment methods have led to the fact that artificial intelligence has begun to be used more and more often in this industry.The article examines the current state of artificial intelligence development in two leading healthcare countries: the Russian Federation and the United States of America. The choice of comparison objects is due to the openness of official sources of information on the state of the industry, as well as the high actual level of development of digitalization of medicine in these countries. The comparison was carried out on five points: prevalence, legal regulation, development directions, responsibility for development and the possibility of integration with the existing digital healthcare circuit.
Transradial and transfemoral access in hepatic artery chemoembolization in patients with hepatic malignancies
Authors: Loginov M. O. , Fayzullin E. S. , Shakurov D. F. 
Published: November 2024

Objective. To evaluate the potential and prospects of the transradial approach as an alternative to the transfemoral approach during hepatic artery chemoembolization (HAE) in the treatment of patients with liver malignancies.Material and methods. Patients, who underwent CEPA, were divided into two groups depending on the arterial access: through the radial artery (first group) or through the femoral artery (second group). Next, a retrospective analysis of the clinical indicators and effectiveness of this treatment method, technical aspects and complication rates, was carried out when comparing the use of given groups in patients who underwent CEPA.Results. The study showed that the radial approach provided superior technical results and clinical effectiveness. Patients with radial access had a significantly lower incidence of hepatic artery spasms and spent less time in the hospital in the postoperative period. However, pain scores assessed using the visual analogue scale (VAS) remained statistically similar in both groups. The use of the radial approach for CEPA also resulted in a significant reduction in the overall complication rate (72.5 % versus 84.1 % with the transfemoral approach, P = 0.027).Conclusion. Our results confirm that the radial approach is an effective, safer, and promising alternative to the femoral approach for CEPA in patients with liver malignancies.
PENGEMBANGAN MODUL AJAR PADA MATERI PERBANDINGAN DENGAN KONTEKS BUDAYA BANJAR
Authors: Illiyyin  , Fajriah Noor , Suryaningsih Yuni 
Published: November 2024

Saat ini kebudayaan peserta didik, khususnya budaya Banjar belum termuat dalam bahan ajar yang digunakan oleh guru. Selain itu, banyak peserta didik yang kesulitan mengerjakan soal materi perbandingan karena belum memahami konsep perbandingan. Salah satu usaha untuk mengatasi hal tersebut adalah dengan dilakukan penelitian pengembangan modul ajar pada materi perbandingan dengan konteks budaya Banjar. Konteks budaya yang digunakan adalah makanan khas Banjar. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk menghasilkan modul ajar yang valid pada materi perbandingan dengan konteks budaya Banjar. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian dan pengembangan (Researh and Development) dengan model pengembangan 4D. Model pengembangan 4D dilaksanakan dari tahap define, design, dan develop dengan menggunakan instrumen berupa lembar validasi. Berdasarkan hasil analisis dari lembar validasi tiga orang ahli, dapat diketahui modul ajar pada materi perbandingan dengan konteks budaya Banjar valid dengan persentase 84,05%.
Currently, students' culture, especially Banjar culture, has not been included in the teaching materials used by teachers. In addition, many students have difficulty working on proportion material because they are not understand the concept of proportion. In addition, there is a lack of teaching materials that incorporate the Banjar cultural context. One effort to address this issue is conducting research to develop a teaching module for the topic proportion with the Banjar cultural context. The cultural context used is typical Banjar food. The research aims to produce a valid teaching module for the topic of proportion with the Banjar cultural context. The research method used is research and development with the 4D development model. The 4D development model is carried out from the define, design, and develop stages using instruments in the form of validation sheets. Based on the analysis of the validation sheet of three experts, the teaching module for the topic of proportion with the Banjar cultural context is determined to be valid with a percentage of 84.05%.