bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predictors of corporate survival in the US and Australia: an exploratory case study
Authors: Purves Nigel , Niblock Scott J. 
Published: June 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship of financial ratios and non-financial factors of successful and failed corporations in the USA. Specifically, the authors provide evidence on whether financial ratios and non-financial factors can be jointly included as indicators to improve the predictive capacity of organisational success or failure in different countries and sectors.Design/methodology/approachThe paper utilises a mixed method exploratory case study focussing on listed corporations in the US and Australian manufacturing, agriculture, finance and property sectors.FindingsThe financial ratio findings demonstrate that (with the exception of the failed Australian manufacturing sector) the integrated multi-measure (IMM) ratio approach consistently provides a higher classification rate for the failed and successful groups than those provided by an individual measure. In all cases the IMM method scored higher for US companies (with the exception of the failed Australian property sector). The findings also show that irrespective of the country location or sector, non-financial factors such as board composition and managements’ involvement in organisational strategy impact on a corporation’s success or failure.Practical implicationsThe findings reveal that non-financial factors occur prior to financial ratios when attempting to predict organisational success or failure and the IMM approach enables a more thorough examination of the predictive ability of financial ratios for US and Australian organisations. This intuitively indicates that when combined with financial ratios, non-financial factors may be a useful predictor of corporate success or failure across countries and sectors.Originality/valueSound internal processes and the identification of both financial ratios and non-financial factors can be utilised to improve the reliability of financial failure models, enable corrective and preventative steps to be implemented by management and potentially reduce the costs of failure for US and Australian organisations.
Assessing the conformity to clinical guidelines in oncology
Authors: Lenkowicz Jacopo , Gatta Roberto , Masciocchi Carlotta , Casà Calogero , Cellini Francesco , Damiani Andrea , Dinapoli Nicola , Valentini Vincenzo 
Published: June 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to describe a methodology to deal with conformance checking through the implementation of computer-interpretable-clinical guidelines (CIGs), and present an application of the methodology to real-world data and a clinical pathway for radiotherapy-related oncological treatment.

Design/methodology/approach
This methodology is implemented by a software able to use the hospital electronic health record data to assess the adherence of the actual executed clinical processes to a clinical pathway, monitoring at the same time management-related efficiency and performance parameters, and ideally, suggesting ways to improve them.

Findings
Three use cases are presented, in which the results of conformance checking are used to compare different branches of the executed guidelines with respect to the adherence to ideal process, temporal distribution of state-to-state transitions, and overall treatment efficacy, in order to extract data-driven evidence that could be of interest for the hospital management.

Originality/value
This approach has the result of applying management-oriented data mining technique on sequential data, typical of process mining, to the result of a conformity check between the preliminary knowledge defined by clinicians and the real-world data, typical of CIGs.
Fully developed mixed convection flow in a vertical microtube with time periodic heating boundary condition
Authors: Jha Basant Kumar , Aina Babatunde 
Published: June 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate fully developed mixed convection flow in the steady-periodic regime for a Newtonian fluid in a vertical microtube in the presence of velocity slip and temperature jump, which has not been accounted for in the literature.

Design/methodology/approach
To achieve this objective, the governing equations for the problem are separated into steady and oscillatory components using separation of variable method; this gives a pair of independent boundary value problems. This is then solved along with its boundary conditions and constraint equations using the method of undetermined coefficient. The exact solutions of momentum and energy equations are obtained under the velocity slip and temperature jump conditions.

Findings
The significant result from the study is that increase in rarefaction parameter as well as fluid–wall interaction parameter decreases the oscillation amplitude of the dimensionless velocity. Furthermore, it was found that the product of dimensionless frequency and Prandtl number initiate a strong convection current inside the microtube.

Practical implications
Such type of study may be used on the determination of the thermal and tangential momentum accommodation coefficients and be applicable to the designs and fabrications of microheat exchanger. Moreover, it provides the possibility to get a bench mark for numerical solvers with reference to basic flow configuration.

Originality/value
These solutions generally deserve great attention, since the application of a magnetic field has been found to be effective tool in controlling the convection current. The current work is aimed as an extension of the previous analytical studies to prove some insight into a number of industrial applications, which use similar configurations.
SmartPooch: pre-venture opportunity assessment
Authors: Rice Mark 
Published: June 2018

Synopsis
In an MBA capstone project course, a team of four mid-career, working professionals had assessed the feasibility of a new venture idea. All four were dog-lovers who had been frustrated by the ineffectiveness of the various dog training programs and products in which they had participated. Their idea was to utilize a novel technology to assist dog owners in the training process. After completing the course, the team met to determine whether SmartPooch was just an interesting idea—or alternatively was a sufficiently promising opportunity that one or more of them would continue to explore it.

Research methodology
The four students who are the case protagonists conducted both primary and secondary research. In addition, the case writer conducted additional secondary research and consulted with the four students during the development of the case study.

Relevant courses and levels
Introductory Entrepreneurship course at Master’s or Undergraduate levels

Theoretical bases
Frameworks from which feasibility analysis questions were derived include Mullins’ New Business Road Test and Osterwalder’s Business Model Canvas. The discussion of opportunity recognition starts with the definition of opportunity drawn from Hansen, D.J.; Shrader, R.; and Monllor, J. (2009), “Composite definitions of entrepreneurial opportunity and their operationalizations: toward a typology”, Frontiers of Entrepreneurship Research, Vol. 29 No. 17.
Facultative bacterial endosymbionts shape parasitoid food webs in natural host populations: A correlative analysis
Authors: Ye Zhengpei , Vollhardt Ines M. G. , Parth Nadia , Rubbmark Oskar , Traugott Michael 
Published: June 2018

Abstract

Facultative bacterial endosymbionts can protect their aphid hosts from natural enemies such as hymenopteran parasitoids. As such, they have the capability to modulate interactions between aphids, parasitoids and hyperparasitoids. However, the magnitude of these effects in natural aphid populations and their associated parasitoid communities is currently unknown. Moreover, environmental factors such as plant fertilization and landscape complexity are known to affect aphid–parasitoid interactions but it remains unclear how such environmental factors affect the interplay between aphids, parasitoids and endosymbionts.

Here, we tested whether facultative endosymbionts confer protection to parasitoids in natural populations of the English grain aphid, Sitobion avenae, and if this is affected by plant fertilization and landscape complexity. Furthermore, we examined whether the effects of facultative endosymbionts can cascade up to the hyperparasitoid level and increase primary‐hyperparasitoid food web specialization.

Living aphids and mummies were collected in fertilized and unfertilized plots within 13 wheat fields in Central Germany. We assessed the occurrence of primary parasitoid, hyperparasitoid and endosymbiont species in aphids and mummies using a newly established molecular approach.

Facultative endosymbiont infection rates were high across fields (~80%), independent of whether aphids were parasitized or unparasitized. Aphid mummies exhibited a significantly lower share of facultative endosymbiont infection (~38%). These findings suggest that facultative endosymbionts do not affect parasitoid oviposition behaviour, but decrease parasitoid survival in the host. Facultative endosymbiont infection rates were lower in mummies collected from fertilized compared to unfertilized plants, indicating that plant fertilization boosts the facultative endosymbiont protective effect. Furthermore, we found strong evidence for species‐specific and negative cascading effects of facultative endosymbionts on primary and hyperparasitoids, respectively. Facultative endosymbionts impacted parasitoid assemblages and increased the specialization of primary‐hyperparasitoid food webs: these effects were independent from and much stronger than other environmental factors.

The current findings strongly suggest that facultative endosymbionts act as a driving force in aphid–parasitoid–hyperparasitoid networks: they shape insect community composition at different trophic levels and modulate, directly and indirectly, the interactions between aphids, parasitoids and their environment.
The Neoliberalization of Municipal Land Policy in Sweden
Authors: Olsson Lina 
Published: June 2018

AbstractIn Sweden, local governments’ practice of the ‘municipal land instrument’—that is, the use of public land ownership as a tool for facilitating urban development—has a long tradition. In the post‐war era, public land ownership constituted an important component of state‐led housing production, which had both a productive and a redistributive purpose. Departing from a political economy perspective, this article demonstrates how the redistributive aspect of the municipal land instrument has been dissolved under neoliberalization, and discusses why the use of this instrument is problematic from both a democratic and ethical point of view. Based on a case study in Helsingborg, the article argues that, in using public land to leverage private investment in urban development, local decision makers adopt an interest in supporting rent extraction from tenants and housing owners, while subsidizing investment costs for developers. The dual role that municipalities assume as landowner‐developers and planning authorities enable them to facilitate urban development effectively, but it is also problematic because it transgresses the public–private law divide inherent to Swedish law. Assuming this dual role, municipalities place themselves in a biased position that risks undermining the legitimacy of governmental actions in general, and the planning system in particular.
Rapid rise in the incidence and clinical characteristics of pediatric inflammatory bowel disease in a South–East Asian cohort in Singapore, 1994–2015
Authors: Ong Christina , Aw Marion M , Liwanag Maria J , Quak Seng H , Phua Kong B 
Published: June 2018

OBJECTIVESEpidemiological studies on pediatric‐onset inflammatory bowel disease (PIBD) are scarce in South–East Asia (SEA). This study aimed to evaluate the incidence trend and clinical characteristics of PIBD in a SEA cohort in Singapore over 22 years (1994–2015).METHODSCase records of PIBD ≤18 years from the only two tertiary pediatric hospitals in Singapore were reviewed. The mean annual incidence (MAI) of PIBD was calculated based on Singapore's age‐specific population data.RESULTSOverall MAI of PIBD was 1.26 per 100 000 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.56–1.96). During the first decade (1994‐2004) MAI was 0.23 per 100 000 (95% CI 0.08–0.39); this rose almost 10‐fold to 2.28 per 100 000 (95% CI 1.15–3.41) during the second decade (2005–2015). Linear regression analysis showed significant increase in MAI over the 22‐year period (r = 0.826, P < 0001). Of the 228 patients, 61.0% had Crohn's disease (CD), 30.3% ulcerative colitis and 8.7% IBD‐unclassified, with a mdian age at diagnosis of 10.47 years and a male predominance (58.3%); 37.7% of them aged <10 years at diagnosis and 17.5% were very early‐onset IBD. In CD, 27.3% had stricturing and/or penetrating disease and 21.6% were with perianal disease. Indians had a disproportionately high representation while positive family history was rare (1.3%).CONCLUSIONSAlthough PIBD is uncommon in Singapore, its incidence has risen dramatically over recent decades. A younger age of disease onset and higher proportions of perianal and stricturing/penetrating diseases suggest more aggressive disease than in Western data.
Fifty Percent Human – how art brings us in touch with our microbial cohabitants
Authors: Bäumel Sonja , Tytgat Hanne L. P. , Nemec Birgit , Schmidt Ruth , Chia Loo Wee , Smidt Hauke 
Published: June 2018

SummaryThe Human Microbiome, as well as the exploration of the microorganisms inhabiting the human body, are not only integral to the field of microbiology but represent an intrinsic part of all human beings. Consequently, along with scientists, artists have been inspired by the microbiome: transforming it in to tangible artefacts in order to critically question, reflect on and break down the barrier between humans and their microcohabitants. By artistic means, artists help us to understand how microbial research topics are inevitably affected by societal influences, including (health) politics, economics and the arts. Fifty Percent Human is a multidisciplinary artistic research project that aims to reshape our understanding of the human body and its environment as well as to explore possibilities for conscious coexistence in order to bridge the gap between science and society.
Effect of tildrakizumab (MK‐3222), a high affinity, selective anti‐IL23p19 monoclonal antibody, on cytochrome P450 metabolism in subjects with moderate to severe psoriasis
Authors: Khalilieh Sauzanne , Hussain Azher , Montgomery Diana , Levine Vanessa , Shaw Peter M. , Bodrug Inga , Mekokishvili Lally , Bailey‐Smith Candice , Glasgow Xiaoli S. , Cheng Amy , Martinho Monika , Iwamoto Marian 
Published: June 2018

AimsTildrakizumab, an interleukin (IL)‐23 inhibitor, is indicated for the treatment of moderate to severe chronic plaque psoriasis. Although tildrakizumab is not metabolized by, and does not alter, cytochrome P450 (CYP) expression in vitro, clinically significant pharmacokinetic effects through changes in systemic inflammation, which alters CYP metabolism, have been well documented. At the time of study conduct, the effect of modulation of inflammation/cytokines, including IL‐23 inhibition with tildrakizumab, on CYP metabolism, and therefore the potential for disease–drug interactions, in psoriasis patients was unknown. We therefore assessed whether tildrakizumab alters CYP metabolism in subjects with moderate to severe psoriasis.MethodsThis was an open‐label, fixed‐sequence, two‐period trial. In Period 1 (Day 1), subjects received an oral CYP probe cocktail of up to five drugs (midazolam 2 mg [3A4], caffeine 200 mg [1A2], warfarin 10 mg [2C9], omeprazole 40 mg [2C19] and dextromethorphan 30 mg [2D6]), followed by a 7‐day washout. In Period 2, subjects received tildrakizumab 200 mg subcutaneously on Days 1 and 29 and a second CYP probe cocktail on Day 57. Substrate or metabolite pharmacokinetics, safety and changes in Psoriasis Severity Area Index (PASI), interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) and high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein (hs‐CRP), were assessed.ResultsTwenty subjects (13 men, 7 women) were enrolled. Tildrakizumab had no clinically relevant effect on the pharmacokinetics of any of the probe substrates tested. On Day 57 of Period 2, the median percentage decrease from baseline in PASI score following tildrakizumab was ~93%. There were no clinically relevant changes in IL‐6 or hs‐CRP. Treatment with tildrakizumab was generally well tolerated.ConclusionIn subjects with moderate to severe psoriasis, tildrakizumab 200 mg did not have a discernible effect on CYP metabolism. The potential for clinically significant drug–drug interactions (DDIs) with tildrakizumab in patients with psoriasis is low. The difference in the occurrence of DDIs seen with anti‐inflammatory agents in rheumatoid arthritis patients compared with psoriasis patients may be due to the much greater extent of systemic inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis as compared to psoriasis.
MEDI0382, a GLP‐1/glucagon receptor dual agonist, meets safety and tolerability endpoints in a single‐dose, healthy‐subject, randomized, Phase 1 study
Authors: Ambery Philip D. , Klammt Sebastian , Posch Maximillian G. , Petrone Marcella , Pu Wenji , Rondinone Cristina , Jermutus Lutz , Hirshberg Boaz 
Published: June 2018

AimsMEDI0382 is a balanced glucagon‐like peptide‐1/glucagon receptor dual agonist under development for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus and non‐alcoholic steatohepatitis. The primary objective was to assess the safety of MEDI0382 in healthy subjects.MethodsIn this placebo‐controlled, double‐blind, Phase 1 study, healthy subjects (aged 18–45 years) were randomized (3:1) to receive a single subcutaneous dose of MEDI0382 or placebo after ≥8 h of fasting. The study consisted of six cohorts that received study drug at 5 μg, 10 μg, 30 μg, 100 μg, 150 μg or 300 μg. The primary objective was safety and tolerability. Secondary endpoints included assessments of pharmacokinetics and immunogenicity. All subjects were followed for up to 28 days.ResultsA total of 36 subjects received MEDI0382 (n = 6 per cohort) and 12 subjects received placebo (n = 2 per cohort). Treatment‐emergent adverse events (TEAEs) occurred more frequently with MEDI0382 vs. placebo, which was mostly due to an increased occurrence at MEDI0382 doses ≥150 μg. All TEAEs were mild or moderate in severity. The most common TEAEs were vomiting, nausea and dizziness. There appeared to be a dose‐dependent increase in heart rate with MEDI0382 treatment. MEDI0382 showed linear pharmacokinetic profile (time to maximum plasma concentration: 4.50–9.00 h; elimination half‐life: 9.54–12.07 h). No immunogenicity was observed in the study.ConclusionsIn this single‐dose, Phase 1 study in healthy subjects, the safety and pharmacokinetic profiles of MEDI0382 support once‐daily dosing and further clinical development of MEDI0382.
A pharmacokinetics phase 1 bioequivalence study of the trastuzumab biosimilar MYL‐1401O vs. EU‐trastuzumab and US‐trastuzumab
Authors: Waller Cornelius F. , Vutikullird Apinya , Lawrence Tracey E. , Shaw Andrew , Liu Mark Shiyao , Baczkowski Mark , Sharma Rajiv , Barve Abhijit , Goyal Parag , Donnelly Charles , Sengupta Nilanjan , Pennella Eduardo J. 
Published: June 2018

AimsTrastuzumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody that binds the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) oncoprotein and is an effective therapy for HER2‐overexpressing breast cancer. MYL‐1401O is a trastuzumab biosimilar. Here, we report results from a phase 1 study that investigated bioequivalence among MYL‐1401O, reference EU‐trastuzumab and US‐trastuzumab.MethodsThis single‐centre, randomized, double‐blind, three‐arm, parallel‐group, phase 1 study was conducted in healthy adult male volunteers. Subjects were randomized 1:1:1 to receive a single 8 mg kg−1 dose of MYL‐1401O, EU‐trastuzumab or US‐trastuzumab as a 90‐min intravenous infusion. The primary objective was to assess PK similarity among all three products. Primary endpoints assessed were peak serum concentration (Cmax), area under the serum concentration–time curve from time of dosing to time of last quantifiable concentration and from time of dosing to infinity. Secondary endpoints included time of Cmax, elimination rate constant, half‐life, safety and immunogenicity.ResultsOf 132 subjects enrolled (44/treatment), 120 (MYL‐1401O, n = 42; EU‐trastuzumab, n = 41; US‐trastuzumab, n = 37) were included in the PK analysis. The 90% confidence intervals of the ratios of geometric means for the primary endpoints were bounded within the predefined bioequivalence criterion of 80–125%. Secondary endpoints time of Cmax, elimination rate constant and half‐life were similar among groups. All treatment‐emergent adverse events were mild or moderate, similar across groups and no serious adverse events were reported. No treatment‐related antidrug antibodies were detected.ConclusionsMYL‐1401O was well tolerated and demonstrated PK and safety profiles similar to EU‐trastuzumab and US‐trastuzumab in healthy volunteers (ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02594761).
Adoption and permanence planning in Scotland: Impact of the Adoption and Children (Scotland) Act 2007 on key processes and timescales
Authors: Hanson Lucy , Henderson Gillian , Kurlus Indiya 
Published: June 2018

AbstractAdoption and permanence planning has been a key feature of Scotland's policy in relation to children and young people who are “looked after.” Although policy and law has significantly developed in recent years, there has been comparatively little research on permanence processes in Scotland. This paper outlines key findings from the first comprehensive study of permanence planning in Scotland. It examines the process for two cohorts of children where adoption or other types of permanence orders were made. The children were selected under the long standing Adoption (Scotland) Act 1978 and the more recent Adoption and Children (Scotland) Act 2007. In total, 300 cases were examined, analysing data from the children's first contact with services through to the order made by the Scottish Courts. This paper pays particular attention to the timescales found at key stages under the two sets of legislation and asks what difference the change in legislation has made.
Patient acceptance and trust in automated computer‐assisted diagnosis of melanoma with dermatofluoroscopy
Authors: Fink Christine , Uhlmann Lorenz , Hofmann Maja , Forschner Andrea , Eigentler Thomas , Garbe Claus , Enk Alexander , Haenssle Holger A. 
Published: June 2018

SummaryBackground and objectivesAutomated computer‐guided diagnostic procedures are increasingly being integrated into patient care. However, in contrast to the increasing application of automation, patient acceptance and trust in such technologies has rarely been studied. Automated diagnosis of melanoma with dermatofluoroscopy was recently approved by regulatory agencies. The objective of this study is to assess patient acceptance and trust in automated melanoma diagnosis with dermatofluoroscopy.Patients and methodsWe examined 140 pigmented skin lesions with dermatofluoroscopy as part of a prospective clinical study. Four weeks after their examination with dermatofluoroscopy, we contacted 100 patients with a 10‐item questionnaire addressing their acceptance and trust in this technology on a five‐point visual analogue scale.ResultsA “high” to “very high” level of patient acceptance and trust in dermatofluoroscopy was found in 74 % of responders. Most patients agreed that computer‐assisted diagnoses are trustworthy and may generally improve the diagnostic performance of physicians. However, all responders insisted on the interpretation of computer‐assisted diagnoses by a physician and frequently rejected the idea of computers completely replacing physicians.ConclusionPatient acceptance and trust in dermatofluoroscopy was high. Patients clearly supported the use of automated, computer‐assisted diagnostics as an adjunct to the physicians' examination.