bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Der Zusammenhang zwischen Physiotherapieverordnungen und der Arztdichte in Deutschland. Eine Sekundärdatenanalyse der Jahre 2006 bis 2016
Authors: Heinrich Philipp , Zenker Ronny , Kugler Joachim , Elsner Bernhard 
Published: May 2019

Zusammenfassung
Fragestellung Physiotherapie ist das am häufigsten verordnete Heilmittel Deutschlands. Zwischen den Bundesländern wird diese sehr unterschiedlich verordnet. Auch die Arztdichte variiert stark. In dieser Untersuchung betrachten wir daher den Zusammenhang zwischen Arztdichte und Physiotherapieverordnungen in den Bundesländern Deutschlands im Zeitraum 2006 bis 2016.
Methoden Datengrundlage sind Sekundärdaten der Bundesärztekammer und der gesetzlichen Krankenversicherungen. Die Analyse und Darstellung der erhobenen Daten erfolgt deskriptiv mithilfe von Grafiken und Tabellen. Zur Überprüfung des Zusammenhangs zwischen Arztdichte und Physiotherapieverordnungen werden die Korrelation nach Pearson und ein gemischtes lineares Modell verwendet.
Ergebnisse Bei alleiniger Betrachtung von Arztdichte und Gesamtmenge an Physiotherapieverordnungen besteht kein Zusammenhang (Korrelationskoeffizient r=−0,004; p=0,988). Dies bestätigt sich auch unter Berücksichtigung weiterer Einflüsse im gemischten linearen Modell (R2=0,95; p=0,248). Weiterhin unterscheiden sich die durchschnittlichen Verordnungsmengen pro Arzt und Jahr zwischen den Ländern teilweise erheblich (1033–3054). Arztdichte und Physiotherapieverordnungen nahmen im betrachteten Zeitraum über alle Bundesländer hinweg zu (Zunahmeraten: 0,6–16% bzw. 5– 56%).
Diskussion Außer der Arztdichte kommen andere Faktoren (regional unterschiedliche Gesundheitszustände der Bevölkerung; verschieden hohe Richtgrößenvolumina) als Einflussgrößen auf die Verordnungszahlen infrage. Während bei den Verordnungszahlen keine geografischen Muster auszumachen sind, stellt sich die Arztdichte in den Stadtstaaten als besonders hoch dar. Die Physiotherapieverordnungen pro Arzt liegen in den neuen Bundesländern über dem Bundesdurchschnitt, was, im Gegensatz zur Gesamtverordnungsmenge, an der geringen relativen Arztdichte liegen könnte.
Schlussfolgerung Es konnte kein Zusammenhang zwischen Arztdichte und Gesamtverordnungszahlen physiotherapeutischer Verordnungen identifiziert werden. Im Sinne einer bedarfsgerechten Versorgung mit Physiotherapieheilmitteln sollten existierende regionale Einflussfaktoren in zukünftigen Untersuchungen betrachtet werden.
Die extraluminale Valvuloplastie der V. saphena magna:
Technik und Langzeitergebnisse
Authors: Geier Bruno , Strohmann Barbara , Hummel Thomas , Freis Harald , Stücker Markus , Mumme Achim 
Published: May 2019

ZusammenfassungDie extraluminale Valvuloplastie der V.-saphena-magna-Mündungsklappe ist eine
venenerhaltende operative Therapie, die bei ausgewählten Patienten mit einer
Stamminsuffizienz der V. saphena magna angewendet werden kann. Die Operation
kann schonend und komplikationsarm über einen kleinen Leistenschnitt
durchgeführt werden.Aus einem Kollektiv von 73 Patienten, die auf diese Weise operiert worden waren,
konnten 43 nach im Schnitt 8,5 Jahren nachuntersucht werden. Im Langzeitverlauf
konnten gute Ergebnisse bezüglich Patientenzufriedenheit, Symptomerleichterung
und Rückbildung dilatierter Venen dokumentiert werden. Eine
behandlungsbedürftige Rezidivvarikosis trat in 10 (18,5 %) Fällen auf. Unserer
Erfahrung nach stellt die extraluminale Valvuloplastie bei ausgewählten
Patienten eine venenerhaltende Alternative zur klassischen Strippingoperation
dar.
Phlebologische Funktionsdiagnostik: Praktische
Anwendung
Authors: Kahl S. , Bruning G. , Woitalla-Bruning J. 
Published: May 2019

ZusammenfassungTrotz der Dominanz der farbkodierten Duplexsonografie in der Diagnostik der
Phlebologie gibt es weiterhin Fragestellungen, bei denen klassische Verfahren
der phlebologischen Funktionsdiagnostik eine wichtige Rolle bei der
Therapieentscheidung spielen.Während die farbkodierte Duplexsonografie detallierten Aufschluss über die
Kaliber und die Refluxsituation des Venensystems liefern kann, ist sie jedoch
nicht in der Lage, eine abschließende Aussage zur Hämodynamik zu treffen. Hierzu
dient die venöse Funktionsdiagnostik und als Referenzverfahren insbesondere die
invasive Phlebodynamometrie (PDM). Die PDM ist die einzige Methode zur direkten
Messung der ambulatorischen venösen Hypertonie und hat daher eine große
Bedeutung im Rahmen der funktionellen phlebologischen Diagnostik, insbesondere
beim postthrombotischen Syndrom (PTS). Sie kann am verlässlichsten darüber
Auskunft geben, ob es sich bei Vorliegen einer Varikosis mit kurzem Reflux im
Rahmen eines PTS um eine besserbare Varikosis handelt oder nicht.Das Ziel dieses dreiteiligen Artikels besteht darin, die praktische Anwendung der
klassischen Verfahren zur phlebologischen Funktionsdiagnostik im klinischen
Rahmen zu demonstrieren und die Aussagekraft der entsprechend erhobenen Daten zu
erläutern. Die praktische Anwendung der digitalen Photoplethysmografie (D-PPG),
der PDM und der Venenverschlussplethysmografie (VVP) ist prinzipiell nicht
schwer. Für die Durchführung wird jedoch geschultes Personal benötigt, um
Anwendungs- und Messfehler zu vermeiden. In diesem zweiten Teil soll die
Phlebodynamometrie vorgestellt und erläutert werden.
The Effect of Ambient Temperature and Implantation Time on the Material Properties of Two Viscosity-Differing Cements Using American Society of Testing and Materials Methodology
Authors: Pytiak Andrew V. , Jove Nathaniel , He Shulin , Korduba-Rodriguez Laryssa A. , Esformes Marc , Markel David C. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractAmbient temperature and time to implantation can affect the material properties of polymethylmethacrylate bone cement, and cement intrusion depth has been shown to affect implant fixation. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of ambient temperature and time to implantation on depth of intrusion, and the effect of ambient temperature on setting time. Two types of cements were evaluated: cement A (Simplex P,medium Q7 viscosity) and cement B (Palacos R, high viscosity). Dough, working and setting times were determined, as well as intrusion depth, at different temperatures per American Society of Testing and Materials (ASTM) protocol F451. A vacuum mixer was used in a temperature- and humidity-controlled environment at 60, 65, and 70°F. At each temperature, the cement was placed into an intrusion mold at 0, 50, and 100% of working time. Increasing ambient temperature resulted in a significant decrease in dough and working and setting times for both cements (p = 0.038 − < 0.001). At each working time point and temperature, cement A showed significantly more intrusion than cement B (p = 0.044 − < 0.001). There was no effect of temperature on intrusion depth regardless of working time to implantation for either cement with the exception of cement B when comparing 60 versus 70°F at 0% working time (p = 0.004). Both cements showed a significant decrease in intrusion as time to implantation increased (p < 0.001). In conclusion, there are large inherent differences in properties of commercially available cements, and these properties are affected by such variables as time to implantation and ambient temperatures. An understanding of these properties may aid the surgeon in optimizing surgical outcomes.
The Role of Negative-Pressure Wound Therapy in Lower-Limb Reconstruction
Authors: Sirisena Renita , Bellot Gregory Lucien , Puhaindran Mark Edward 
Published: May 2019

AbstractNegative-pressure wound therapy (NPWT) has gained increasing popularity among clinicians since its introduction in 1997 as a potential aid to wound healing. Multiple benefits of NPWT have since been proven in studies, including increase in granulation tissue formation, decrease in bacterial load, and the improved survival of flaps. With our increasing use and greater understanding of the tissue and cellular changes that occur in a wound treated with NPWT, our lower-limb reconstructive practice has also evolved. Although controversial, the definite timing for lower-limb reconstruction has stretched from 72 hours to longer than 2 weeks as NPWT contains the wound within a sterile, closed system. It has also shown to decrease the rate of infection in open tibia fractures. Previously, a large number of critical defects of the lower limb would require free tissue transfer for definitive reconstruction. NPWT has reduced this rate by more than 50% and has allowed for less complicated resurfacing procedures to be performed instead.
Management of Chronic Achilles Tendon Injuries—Review of Current Protocols and Surgical Options
Authors: Periasamy Madhu , Venkatramani Hari , Shanmuganathan Raja Sabapathy 
Published: May 2019

AbstractChronic Achilles tendon injury is a challenging problem. A review of the different options available and their technical considerations is required. Reconstruction of the Achilles tendon depends on numerous factors such as the gap between the debrided tendon ends, the presence of a distal stump, and the and presence of scar tissue. Various protocols have been described for reconstruction. Methods of reconstruction vary from direct repair, bridging of the tendon gap with tendon grafts or tendon transfers. We review and enumerate the different protocols enumerated for the reconstruction of chronic Achilles tendon lesions in the literature and look at the authors preferred methods of reconstruction
Muscle damage responses to resistance exercise performed with high‐load versus low‐load associated with partial blood flow restriction in young women
Authors: Alvarez Ieda Fernanda , Damas Felipe , de Biazon Thaís Marina Pires , Miquelini Maiara , Doma Kenji , Libardi Cleiton Augusto 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe aim of this study was to compare if an acute exercise session of high‐load resistance training (HL‐RT, e.g. 70% of 1 repetition‐maximum, 1 RM) induces a higher magnitude of muscle damage compared with a RT protocol with low‐loads (e.g. 20% 1 RM) associated with partial blood flow restriction (LL‐BFR), and investigate the recovery in the days after the protocols. We used an unilateral crossover research design in which 10 young women (22(2) y; 162(5) cm; 66(11) kg) performed HL‐RT and LL‐BFR in a randomized, counterbalanced manner with a minimum interval of 2 weeks between protocols. Indirect muscle damage markers were evaluated before and once a day for 4 days into recovery. Main results showed decreases of 8–12% at 24–48 h in maximal voluntary isometric and concentric contraction torques (P < 0.03), and changes in muscle architecture markers (P < 0.03) for HL‐RT and LL‐BFR, with no differences between protocols (P > 0.05). Moreover, delayed onset muscle soreness increased only after LL‐BFR (P < 0.001). We conclude that an acute bout of low volume HL‐RT or LL‐BFR to failure resulted in edema‐induced muscle swelling, but do not induce major or long‐lasting decrements in muscle function and the level of soreness promoted from LL‐BFR was mild.
Final report. Bilateral comparison of 50/60 Hz energy SIM.EM-S14
Authors: González J , Espinosa C , Halawa M 
Published: May 2019

From April to June 2018, a bilateral comparison of energy standards at 50/60 Hz was conducted by SIM and AFRIMET.
The comparison includes measurements of active energy at two frequencies and power factors 1.0 and 0.5 lead/lag. Aiming to evaluate the stated uncertainty and degrees of equivalence between CENAMEP AIP-Panamá and NIS-Egypt.
This work presents the results of the SIM.EM-S14 supplementary comparison.
KEY WORDS FOR SEARCH
Active Energy, Power Factor, Normalized Error

Main text

To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database kcdb.bipm.org/.
The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCEM, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
Dry-hot magnitude index: a joint indicator for compound event analysis
Authors: Wu Xinying , Hao Zengchao , Hao Fanghua , Singh Vijay P , Zhang Xuan 
Published: May 2019

AbstractWeather and climate extremes, such as droughts and heat waves, have been commonly characterized by different properties, including frequency, duration, and magnitude. The magnitude is among the most important properties that determine the impact of extremes. Compound dry and hot events may cause detrimental impacts on water resources, energy security, crop production and food security, and have been receiving increasing attention in recent years. Although extensive studies have been conducted to investigate the magnitude of individual droughts or hot extremes, evaluation of the magnitude of compound dry and hot events has received limited attention. In this study, we develop a dry-hot magnitude index (DHMI) to characterize the magnitude of compound dry and hot events, using monthly precipitation and daily maximum temperature, which takes into account both dry and hot conditions. The DHMI is used to analyze the spatial and temporal patterns of the magnitude of compound dry and hot events in China during summer (June, July, and August) for the period of 1961–2013. Results show that high magnitudes of compound dry and hot events mainly occur in northeastern and southwestern China, with higher magnitudes mostly observed in recent decades since the 1990s. The proposed magnitude index has potential to be a useful tool for analyzing compound dry and hot events and their impacts.
Extreme value statistics of ergodic Markov processes from first passage times in the large deviation limit
Authors: Hartich David , Godec Aljaž 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Extreme value functionals of stochastic processes are inverse functionals of the first passage time—a connection that renders their probability distribution functions equivalent. Here, we deepen this link and establish a framework for analyzing extreme value statistics of ergodic reversible Markov processes in confining potentials on the hand of the underlying relaxation eigenspectra. We derive a chain of inequalities, which bounds the long-time asymptotics of first passage densities, and thereby extrema, from above and from below. The bounds involve a time integral of the transition probability density describing the relaxation towards equilibrium. We apply our general results to the analysis of extreme value statistics at long times in the case of Ornstein–Uhlenbeck process and a 3D Brownian motion confined to a sphere, also known as Bessel process. We find that even on time-scales that are shorter than the equilibration time, the large deviation limit characterizing long-time asymptotics can approximate the statistics of extreme values remarkably well. Our findings provide a novel perspective on the study of extrema beyond the established limit theorems for sequences of independent random variables and for asymmetric diffusion processes beyond a constant drift.
Statistical analysis of MCC-IMS data for two group comparisons—an exemplary study on two devices
Authors: Horsch S , Baumbach J I , Rahnenführer J 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
The Multi-capillary-column-Ion-mobility-spectrometry (MCC-IMS) technology for measuring breath gas can be used for distinguishing between healthy and diseased subjects or between different types of diseases. The statistical methods for classifying the corresponding breath samples typically neglects potential confounding clinical and technical variables, reducing both accuracy and generalizability of the results. Especially measuring samples on different technical devices can heavily influence the results. We conducted a controlled breath gas study including 49 healthy volunteers to evaluate the effect of the variables sex, smoking habits and technical device. Every person was measured twice, once before and once after consuming a glass of orange juice. The two measurements were obtained on two different devices. The evaluation of the MCC-IMS data regarding metabolite detection was performed once using the software VisualNow, which requires manual interaction, and once using the fully automated algorithm SGLTR-DBSCAN. We present statistical solutions, peak alignment and scaling, to adjust for the different devices. For the other potential confounders sex and smoking, in our study no significant influence was identified.
Comparison of electrochemical hydrogen oxidation on different metal/ceramic model anodes and mechanistic implications
Authors: Doppler M C , Fleig J , Bram M , Opitz A K 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Micro-patterned metal/ceramic model thin film electrodes were used to investigate the hydrogen oxidation mechanism on various metal/ion conductor combinations such as Ni/yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ), Pt/YSZ, Ni/scandia-stabilized zirconia, Ni/titania/YSZ. For all electrode types besides those with a continuous titania interlayer a triple phase boundary (TPB) and an area pathway could be separated. Moreover, activation energies as well as hydrogen and water reaction orders were determined for both pathways and compared with previously published data on Ni/YSZ. It was found that when varying the electronically conducting phases on YSZ the activation energy of the TPB path remains virtually the same. However, changing the ion conductor significantly influenced the activation energy, indicating a rate-limiting step on the electrolyte. However, the stark difference in water reaction order of Ni/YSZ and Pt/YSZ electrodes shows that the metal phase is also actively participating in the reaction chain. It is suggested that the electrolyte surface is responsible for the rate-limiting electrochemical redox reaction while the metal interacts with the gas phase molecules and thus supplies the reactants. For samples with a thin mixed conducting titania layer on YSZ, the electrochemical behavior drastically changed, which can be explained by an extension of the reaction zone away from the TPB.
What is the nature of petals in Caryophyllaceae? Developmental evidence clarifies their evolutionary origin
Authors: Wei Lai , Craene Louis Ronse De 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBackground and AimsFloral development is a powerful tool to infer homologies of floral organs and to understand floral evolution. Caryophyllaceae is a major family of core Caryophyllales that possesses petal-like structures (petaloids) with a great diversity in shape. The main purpose of this study is to determine the nature of the second whorl of floral organs in Caryophyllaceae. Mainstream views consider ancestors of Caryophyllaceae as apetalous and interpret petals as centrifugally derived staminodial appendages. This hypothesis, based on morphological similarities of petals with stamens and previous ancestral state reconstruction, is tested here.MethodsA floral developmental investigation of five species was carried out using scanning electron microscopy, combined with character optimization of the presence or absence of second-whorl petaloids.Key ResultsThe calyx is always well developed with a quincuncial aestivation. Petaloids either develop by fractionation of common stamen–petal primordia, as in Spergularia, or petaloid development is independent and precedes alternisepalous stamens in Saponaria and Sagina. In Sagina the petaloid whorl is always fully formed but alternisepalous stamens are often reduced or missing. Petaloids are absent in Gymnocarpos and the investigated Cerastium.ConclusionsDevelopmental evidence and character mapping reject the hypothesis that petaloids represent a staminodial whorl and suggest that they are independent structures equivalent to second-whorl petals of most Pentapetalae and present in the basal Caryophyllaceae. Heterochronic shifts, including a delay in petal development and acceleration of androecial growth, are responsible for the amalgamation of petals with the androecium as common stamen–petal primordia and their appearance as stamen-derived appendages. Selective pollinator pressure in Caryophyllaceae led to variable petal expansion or reduction and loss. This trend corresponds largely with the general tendency in the core Caryophyllales for petal loss and perianth reorganization.
Seed local adaptation and seedling plasticity account for Gleditsia triacanthos tree invasion across biomes
Authors: Tognetti Pedro M , Mazia Noemí , Ibáñez Gonzalo 
Published: May 2019

Abstract

Background and Aims
Phenotypic plasticity and local adaption can contribute to the success of invasive species. While the former is an environmentally induced trait, the latter involves a selection process to filter the best genotype for a location. We examined the evidence for phenotypic plasticity and local adaptation for seed and seedling traits of the invasive tree Gleditsia triacanthos, with three origins distributed along an approx. 10° latitude gradient across three biomes.

Methods
In sub-tropical forests, dry woodlands and secondary temperate grasslands in Argentina, we harvested seeds from clusters of neighbouring trees (i.e. families) distributed within 15–20 km in each origin (biome). We manipulated the environmental conditions relevant to each biome, assuming that propagule availability did not represent an ecological barrier. In growth chambers, we evaluated seed imbibition and seed germination under different light, temperature and water potential. In a 2 year common garden, we evaluated the impact of resident vegetation removal on seedling survival and growth.

Key Results
Mean time to complete seed imbibition differed among origins; seeds from temperate grasslands reached full imbibition before seeds from dry woodlands and sub-tropical forests. Germination was always >70 %, but was differentially affected by water potential, and light quantity (dark–light) and quality (red–far red) among origins, suggesting local adaptation. In the common garden, vegetation removal rather than origin negatively affected seedling survival and enhanced seedling growth. Vegetation removal increased basal diameter, leaves per plant and spine number, and reduced the height:basal diameter ratio.

Conclusions
We conclude that local adaptation in seed germination traits and plastic changes in seedling allometry (e.g. height:diameter) may allow this tree to respond over the short and long term to changes in environmental conditions, and to contribute to shape G. triacanthos as a successful woody invader. Overall, our study revealed how local adaptation and plasticity can explain different aspects of tree invasion capacity across biomes.
Live imaging of intracellular pH in planarians using the ratiometric fluorescent dye SNARF-5F-AM
Authors: Beane Wendy Scott , Adams Dany Spencer , Morokuma Junji , Levin Michael 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Physiological parameters such as resting potential and pH are increasingly recognized as important regulators of cell activity and tissue-level events in regeneration, development, and cancer. The availability of fluorescent reporter dyes has greatly increased the ability to track these properties in vivo. The planarian flatworm is an important and highly tractable model system for regeneration, stem cell biology, and neuroscience; however, no protocols have been published for investigating pH in this system. Here, we report a simple and effective protocol for imaging pH gradients in living planaria suitable for intact and regenerating flatworms.