bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PYL9 is involved in the regulation of ABA signaling during tomato fruit ripening
Authors: Kai Wenbin , Wang Juan , Liang Bin , Fu Ying , Zheng Yu , Zhang Wenbo , Li Qian , Leng Ping 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAbscisic acid (ABA) regulates fruit ripening, yet little is known about the exact roles of ABA receptors in fruit. In this study, we reveal the role of SlPYL9, a tomato pyrabactin resistance (PYR)/pyrobactin resistance-like (PYL)/regulatory component of ABA receptors (RCAR) protein, as a positive regulator of ABA signaling and fruit ripening. SlPYL9 inhibits protein phosphatase-type 2C (PP2C2/6) in an ABA dose-dependent way, and it interacts physically with SlPP2C2/3/4/5 in an ABA-dependent manner. Expression of SlPYL9 was observed in the seeds, flowers, and fruits. Overexpression and suppression of SlPYL9 induced a variety of phenotypes via altered expression of ABA signaling genes (SlPP2C1/2/9, SlSnRK2.8, SlABF2), thereby affecting expression of ripening-related genes involved in ethylene release and cell wall modification. SlPYL9-OE/RNAi plants showed a typical ABA hyper-/hypo-sensitive phenotype in terms of seed germination, primary root growth, and response to drought. Fruit ripening was significantly accelerated in SlPYL9-OE by 5–7 d as a result of increased endogenous ABA accumulation and advanced release of ethylene compared with the wild-type. In the SlPYL9-RNAi lines, fruit ripening was delayed, mesocarp thickness was enhanced, and petal abscission was delayed compared with the wild-type, resulting in conical/oblong and gourd-shaped fruits. These results suggest that SlPYL9 is involved in ABA signaling, thereby playing a role in the regulation of flower abscission and fruit ripening in tomato.
Horner’s Syndrome with Unilateral Brachial Plexus Blockade Mimicking Cerebrovascular Accident Following Lumbar Combined Spinal Epidural Analgesia for Labor
Authors: Bennett Richard J , Wooten Amy , Babbel Lee , Reel Bradley A 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Horner’s Syndrome (HS) with brachial plexus involvement following lumbar epidural anesthesia may be a startling event for the patient and providers. We present a case of Horner’s Syndrome and complete brachial plexus blockade following epidural bolus of lidocaine for labor analgesia that was initially misdiagnosed as a cerebrovascular accident. Use of the catheter was discontinued and the episode resolved with expectant management. This complication is otherwise benign and resolves without sequelae.
Impact of various finishing and polishing techniques and composite materials on Candida albicans biofilm formation
Authors: Oktay Elif Aybala , Ersahan Seyda , Sabuncuoglu Fidan Alakus , Tort Huseyin , Karaoglanoglu Serpil 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Candida albicans biofilms are commonly associated with severe oral infections. In dentistry, prosthetic and restorative materials are potential structures for the adhesion of C. albicans facilitating the formation of Candida biofilm and infection. Three composite resins (Charisma Classic, Sonic Fill, Estelite ∑ Quick) and two finishing-polishing systems (Biscover LV, Dental Finishing Disc) were evaluated for Candida biofilm formation. A Candida biofilm assay showed that both the resin and the finishing/polishing procedures affect Candida biofilm formation. Specifically, Candida biofilm formation was significantly lower in Sonic Fill resin than both Charisma Classic and Estelite ∑ Quick (P = .021). The type of finishing and polishing procedure also significantly affected the Candida biofilm formation to composite material (P &lt; .001). Candida biofilm formation was more advanced after Biscover LV procedure than Dental Finishing Disc procedure.
Particle re-acceleration and Faraday-complex structures in the RXC J1314.4-2515 galaxy cluster
Authors: Stuardi C , Bonafede A , Wittor D , Vazza F , Botteon A , Locatelli N , Dallacasa D , Golovich N , Hoeft M , van Weeren R J , Brüggen M , de Gasperin F 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Radio relics are sites of electron (re)acceleration in merging galaxy clusters but the mechanism of acceleration and the topology of the magnetic field in and near relics are yet to be understood. We are carrying out an observational campaign on double relic galaxy clusters starting with RXC J1314.4-2515. With Jansky Very Large Array multi-configuration observations in the frequency range 1-4 GHz, we perform both spectral and polarization analyses, using the Rotation Measure synthesis technique. We use archival XMM-Newton observations to constrain the properties of the shocked region. We discover a possible connection between the activity of a radio galaxy and the emission of the eastern radio relic. In the northern elongated arc of the western radio relic, we detect polarized emission with an average polarization fraction of 31 % at 3 GHz and we derive the Mach number of the underlying X-ray shock. Our observations reveal low levels of fractional polarization and Faraday-complex structures in the southern region of the relic, which point to the presence of thermal gas and filamentary magnetic field morphology inside the radio emitting volume. We measured largely different Rotation Measure dispersion from the two relics. Finally, we use cosmological magneto-hydrodynamical simulations to constrain the magnetic field, viewing angle, and to derive the acceleration efficiency of the shock. We find that the polarization properties of RXC J1314.4-2515 are consistent with a radio relic observed at 70○ with respect to the line of sight and that efficient re-acceleration of fossil electrons has taken place.
regBase: whole genome base-wise aggregation and functional prediction for human non-coding regulatory variants
Authors: Zhang Shijie , He Yukun , Liu Huanhuan , Zhai Haoyu , Huang Dandan , Yi Xianfu , Dong Xiaobao , Wang Zhao , Zhao Ke , Zhou Yao , Wang Jianhua , Yao Hongcheng , Xu Hang , Yang Zhenglu , Sham Pak Chung , Chen Kexin , Li Mulin Jun 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Predicting the functional or pathogenic regulatory variants in the human non-coding genome facilitates the interpretation of disease causation. While numerous prediction methods are available, their performance is inconsistent or restricted to specific tasks, which raises the demand of developing comprehensive integration for those methods. Here, we compile whole genome base-wise aggregations, regBase, that incorporate largest prediction scores. Building on different assumptions of causality, we train three composite models to score functional, pathogenic and cancer driver non-coding regulatory variants respectively. We demonstrate the superior and stable performance of our models using independent benchmarks and show great success to fine-map causal regulatory variants on specific locus or at base-wise resolution. We believe that regBase database together with three composite models will be useful in different areas of human genetic studies, such as annotation-based casual variant fine-mapping, pathogenic variant discovery as well as cancer driver mutation identification. regBase is freely available at https://github.com/mulinlab/regBase.
VARIDT 1.0: variability of drug transporter database
Authors: Yin Jiayi , Sun Wen , Li Fengcheng , Hong Jiajun , Li Xiaoxu , Zhou Ying , Lu Yinjing , Liu Mengzhi , Zhang Xue , Chen Na , Jin Xiuping , Xue Jia , Zeng Su , Yu Lushan , Zhu Feng 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe absorption, distribution and excretion of drugs are largely determined by their transporters (DTs), the variability of which has thus attracted considerable attention. There are three aspects of variability: epigenetic regulation and genetic polymorphism, species/tissue/disease-specific DT abundances, and exogenous factors modulating DT activity. The variability data of each aspect are essential for clinical study, and a collective consideration among multiple aspects becomes crucial in precision medicine. However, no database is constructed to provide the comprehensive data of all aspects of DT variability. Herein, the Variability of Drug Transporter Database (VARIDT) was introduced to provide such data. First, 177 and 146 DTs were confirmed, for the first time, by the transporting drugs approved and in clinical/preclinical, respectively. Second, for the confirmed DTs, VARIDT comprehensively collected all aspects of their variability (23 947 DNA methylations, 7317 noncoding RNA/histone regulations, 1278 genetic polymorphisms, differential abundance profiles of 257 DTs in 21 781 patients/healthy individuals, expression of 245 DTs in 67 tissues of human/model organism, 1225 exogenous factors altering the activity of 148 DTs), which allowed mutual connection between any aspects. Due to huge amount of accumulated data, VARIDT made it possible to generalize characteristics to reveal disease etiology and optimize clinical treatment, and is freely accessible at: https://db.idrblab.org/varidt/ and http://varidt.idrblab.net/.
Toxicities associated with checkpoint inhibitors—an overview
Authors: Spiers Laura , Coupe Nicholas , Payne Miranda 
Published: August 2019

AbstractImmunotherapy has an increasing role in the management of cancer, both in metastatic disease and as an adjuvant therapy. However, sensitization of the immune system with checkpoint inhibitors comes with a unique side effect profile. Full appreciation of this can take some time to emerge as some adverse events are rare, or can be subtle and potentially overlooked. Clinician awareness of these side effects can be particularly important in patients with pre-existing autoimmune conditions. Here we describe common symptoms and diagnostic strategies for organ-specific side effects of anti-CTLA-4 and anti-PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy agents.
Conceptualizations of Domestic Violence–Related Needs among Women Who Resettled to the United States as Refugees
Authors: Wachter Karin , Dalpe Jessica , Heffron Laurie Cook 
Published: August 2019

AbstractDespite robust evidence of the myriad consequences associated with intimate partner violence (IPV), social services in the United States may not adequately account for and respond to variations in how women resettling as refugees conceptualize service and support needs. With this study, the authors sought to develop a more nuanced understanding of needs as expressed by women resettling to the United States as refugees. Researchers conducted in-depth interviews and focus groups with refugee women who resettled to the United States (n = 35) and social services providers (n = 53), including those working in refugee resettlement or domestic violence agencies or community-based organizations. The research team used structural coding and thematic analysis to examine the data, through which they identified four themes: (1) living with enduring consequences of IPV, (2) “I just want them to help me,” (3) “I need you to talk to my husband,” and (4) “How will I pay the rent?” The study findings point to broader structural concerns shaping women’s resettlement experiences, as well as areas of incongruence between women’s conceptualizations of needs and established practice approaches. Implications for culturally competent and survivor-centered practice are discussed.
#Shemergency: Use of a Professional Development Group to Promote Female Resident Recruitment and Retention
Authors: Khatri Utsha G. , Love Jennifer , Zeidan Amy , Hsu Cindy H. , Mills Angela M. 
Published: August 2019

Problem
Gender inequity in academic medicine is a pervasive challenge. Recommendations have been implemented to reduce inequities for female faculty. However, there are no well-established guidelines for the recruitment and retention of female residents.

Approach
To address challenges faced by female physicians and support the recruitment and retention of female residents, female emergency medicine residents and attending physicians at the Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania formed a professional development group (PDG), #Shemergency, in July 2017. From July 2017 to July 2018, this PDG developed events and initiatives for female residents that addressed methods to improve awareness of and develop skills relevant to well-described gender disparities in mentorship, speakership and conference representation, compensation, evaluations, wellness and service, and award recognition.

Outcomes
Over its first year (July 2017–July 2018), the PDG created a professional community and enhanced mentorship through a number of events and initiatives. The PDG secured funding for 5 residents to attend a national conference and nominated 5 residents and 2 attending physicians for professional organization awards (4 nominees won).

Next Steps
After the first year, the PDG expanded the number of joint activities with both male and female colleagues and organized a citywide event for female residents and faculty representing 5 different residency programs. Future work will focus on sustainability (e.g., holding fundraising events), generalizability (e.g., expanding the gender-disparity areas addressed as well as spreading the model to other programs), developing additional events and initiatives (e.g., expanding the number of joint activities with male colleagues), and outcome assessments (e.g., distributing pre- and postevent surveys).
Effect of Nail Size, Insertion, and Δ Canal-Nail on the Development of a Nonunion After Intramedullary Nailing of Femoral Shaft Fractures
Authors: Serrano Rafael , Mir Hassan R. , Gorman R. Allen , Karsch Jordan , Kim Ryan , Shah Anjan , Maxson Benjamin , Infante Anthony , Watson David , Downes Katheryne , Sanders Roy W. 
Published: August 2019

Objective:
To determine whether intramedullary nail (IMN) diameter, antegrade versus retrograde insertion, or the difference between the canal and IMN diameter affect femoral shaft fracture healing.

Design:
Retrospective analysis of a prospective database.

Setting:
Level One Regional Trauma Center.

Patients/Participants:
Seven hundred thirty-three femoral shaft fractures (OTA/AO 32) treated with an IMN between 1999 and 2017. After exclusion criteria, 484 fractures remained in the final analysis.

Intervention:
Closed section, cannulated, interlocked, titanium alloy IMN using a reamed insertion technique.

Main Outcome Measurements:
Nonunion, IMN size (10, 11.5, and 13 mm), antegrade versus retrograde insertion, Δ canal-nail diameter (ΔD) after reaming (<1, 1–2, or >2 mm).

Results:
IMN diameters used were as follows: 314/10 mm (64%), 137/11.5 mm (28%), and 33/13 mm (8%). Forty-five percent were placed in antegrade versus 55% retrograde. Four hundred fifty-six fractures (94.2%) healed uneventfully. There were no IMN failures. 10/484 IMNs (2%) had broken interlocking screws; only 4 were associated with a NU. Average time to union was 23 weeks (12–119). Twenty-eight (5.8%) developed NU. There was no statistical correlation between (1) the NU rate and IMN diameter: 10 mm, 6.3%; 11.5 mm, 5.1%; 13 mm, 3% (P = 0.8, power = 0.85), (2) the NU rate and ΔD: 7.1% <1 mm, 5.6% 1–2 mm, 20% >2 mm (P = 0.36), (3) the NU rate and fracture location: Prox = 11%, Mid = 5%, Dist = 3% (P = 0.13), or (4) the NU rate and antegrade (7.2%) versus retrograde (4.2%) insertion (P = 0.24).

Conclusion:
Similar healing rates occurred regardless of IMN diameter, Δ canal-nail diameter after reaming, or insertion site. This indicates that a closed section, cannulated, interlocked, titanium alloy IMN with a diameter of 10 mm can be considered the standard diameter for the treatment of acute femoral shaft fractures, regardless of entry point. This should be associated with less reaming and therefore shorter operative times, and possibly less hospital implant inventories as well. Larger diameter IMN should be reserved for revision surgery.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Rib Regeneration Morphology After Thoracoplasty in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis
Authors: Yang Jae Hyuk , Suh Seung-Woo , Chang Dong-Gune 
Published: August 2019

Study Design.
A retrospective study.

Objective.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the morphology of rib regeneration and to analyze the influence of demographics and curve characteristics on regeneration potential after thoracoplasty in the treatment of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS).

Summary of Background Data.
Studies on the physiological effects after thoracoplasty have been performed for several decades. However, rib cage anatomical regeneration patterns and reformation have been rarely studied.

Methods.
A total of 120 AIS patients who underwent thoracoplasty with deformity correction were included. Patients were followed for >12 months and radiographic assessment was done at 3, 6, and 12 months. Conventional or short apical rib resection thoracoplasty was performed and 543 ribs were resected. Demographic and curve parameters were recorded and a rib regeneration classification was used to analyze regeneration. Computed tomography (CT) scan was performed only in selected patients (n = 74).

Results.
At end of 3, 6, and 12 months, 23%, 45%, and 60% of the ribs had fused respectively. On multiple logistic regression analysis, age <10 years (odds ratio [OR]: 3.5, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.754–16.982), age 11 to 12 years (OR: 2.7, 95% CI: 2.709–31.595), age 13 to 14 years (OR: 6.2, 95% CI: 2.504–15.391), age 15 to 16 years (OR: 4.8, 95% CI: 2.064–11.571), five or more ribs excision (OR: 2.0, 95% CI: 1.294–3.108) enhance regeneration. Lenke type 2 (OR: 0.5, 95% CI: 0.305–0.898) Lenke type 4 (OR: 2.3, 95% CI: 1.033–5.144), and Risser grade (OR: 0.8, 95% CI: 0.694–0.967) had a negative influence on regeneration.

Conclusion.
The regeneration potential of the resected ribs after thoracoplasty in AIS patients depends on age, Risser grade, Lenke classification, and number of ribs resected. Age was the single most important factor affecting regeneration.

Level of Evidence: 4
Palliative care in glioma management
Authors: Oberndorfer Stefan , Hutterer Markus 
Published: August 2019

Purpose of review
The concept of palliative care is becoming increasingly important in the management of glioma patients. However, the right time for implementation, as well as the individual degree of integration of palliative care aspects, are still a matter of debate. This review updates recent evidence of palliative care in glioma and raises questions for future developments.

Recent findings
According to the disease-specific aspects of palliative care in glioma management, there is an increasing need for a specialized ‘neurooncological’ palliative care approach.
The implementation of palliative care for glioma patients and caregivers avoids unnecessary hospitalization and reduces health-related costs. Moreover, palliative care may be offered in different settings (inpatient/outpatient) according to local health structures, but definitely improves the QOL of glioma patients and their caregivers.

Summary
There are considerable differences between countries with respect to palliative care in glioma. Major aspects of good-quality care throughout the countries are optimized symptom control, support for patients and proxies by an interdisciplinary team and to provide realistic information to patients and caregivers. The availability of neurooncological palliative teams and multidisciplinary support programs increases well being of glioma patients and caregivers as well as releases pressure on healthcare systems.
Role of YAP/TAZ in Energy Metabolism in the Heart
Authors: Kashihara Toshihide , Sadoshima Junichi 
Published: August 2019

Abstract:
The heart requires a high amount of energy, in the form of adenosine triphosphate, to maintain its viability and pump function. Anaerobic glycolysis and mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation are the two main metabolic pathways by which adenosine triphosphate is generated, using fatty acids, glucose, lactate, and ketone bodies as primary substrates. Previous studies have demonstrated that, in response to stress, the heart undergoes alterations in metabolism, ranging from changes in substrate utilization to mitochondrial function, collectively called metabolic remodeling. However, the molecular mechanism mediating metabolic remodeling in the heart remains unclear. Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP) and transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ), which are major downstream effectors of the Hippo signaling pathway, play an important role in the regulation of heart size and cellular homeostasis of cardiomyocytes through the regulation of various transcriptional factors under both physiological and pathophysiological conditions. Recent findings in various organs and cell types have revealed that YAP and TAZ play an important role in energy metabolism. Here, we summarize what is currently known about YAP/TAZ in the regulation of metabolism of various substrates and mitochondrial function in various organs and cell types and discuss the potential role of YAP/TAZ in mediating metabolic remodeling of the heart during stress and heart failure.
Translation and Psychometric Evaluation of the Chinese Version of the Information Needs in Cardiac Rehabilitation Tool
Authors: Ma Chunhua , Yang Qinqin , Huang Shuling 
Published: August 2019

Purpose:
To translate the Information Needs in Cardiac Rehabilitation (INCR) tool into Chinese and evaluate its cultural adaptation and psychometric properties of this Chinese version. The INCR uses a Likert-type scale that aims to assess information needs in cardiac rehabilitation (CR) patients.

Methods:
The initial Chinese INCR tool was generated by forward/backward translation and evaluation of face and content validity. The internal consistency was assessed by Cronbach α, item-to-total correlations, interitem correlations, and test-retest reliability using intraclass correlation coefficient. The construct validity was tested by principal component analysis and known-group validity by t test. A total of 296 CR patients were recruited from 2 university-affiliated hospitals in Guangzhou, China, using a convenience sample.

Results:
The Chinese INCR tool included 10 subscales with 55 items. Cronbach α of 10 subscales ranged from 0.68 to 0.90. Intraclass correlation coefficients of 55 items were between 0.62 and 0.89. The item-to-total correlations for all items were between 0.23 and 0.73 and interitem correlations of 80% items ranged from 0.30 to 0.70. The content validity index was 0.91. Ten factors were extracted by principal component analysis, which together accounted for 66.74% of total variance. The mean total scores of Chinese INCR tool in CR patients with less than high school education were higher than scores in those with high school education and above, and there was a statistically significant difference (t = 2.95, P = .021).

Conclusions:
The Chinese version of INCR tool has strong psychometric properties, providing preliminary evidence of the reliability and validity of INCR tool to assess information needs in Chinese CR patients.