bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Divergent Thinking Promotes Deductive Reasoning in Preschoolers
Authors: de Chantal Pier‐Luc , Gagnon‐St‐Pierre Émilie , Markovits Henry 
Published: July 2019

This study explored the hypothesis that preschoolers’ deductive reasoning would be improved by encouraging use of divergent thinking (DT). Children of 4–5 years of age (n = 120) were randomly given DT or neutral control exercises before deductive reasoning problems. To allow a stronger test of the hypothesis, half of the children receiving the DT exercises were given explicit examples, which have been shown to reduce ideational originality. Results indicate that, as predicted, DT exercises without examples significantly improved rates of deductive responding, compared to exercises with examples and the control condition. These findings indicate that DT is a key component in the early beginnings of deductive reasoning. Some educational implications are discussed.
Detection and Synthesis of Full‐Body Environment Interactions for Virtual Humans
Authors: Juarez‐Perez A. , Kallmann M. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractWe present a new methodology for enabling virtual humans to autonomously detect and perform complex full‐body interactions with their environments. Given a parameterized walking controller and a set of motion‐captured example interactions, our method is able to detect when interactions can occur and to coordinate the detected upper‐body interaction with the walking controller in order to achieve full‐body mobile interactions in similar situations. Our approach is based on learning spatial coordination features from the example motions and on associating body‐environment proximity information to the body configurations of each performed action. Body configurations become the input to a regression system, which in turn is able to generate new interactions for different situations in similar environments. The regression model is capable of selecting, encoding and replicating key spatial strategies with respect to body coordination and management of environment constraints as well as determining the correct moment in time and space for starting an interaction. As a result, we obtain an interactive controller able to detect and synthesize coordinated full‐body motions for a variety of complex interactions requiring body mobility. Our results achieve complex interactions, such as opening doors and drawing in a wide whiteboard. The presented approach introduces the concept of learning interaction coordination models that can be applied on top of any given walking controller. The obtained method is simple and flexible, it handles the detection of possible interactions and is suitable for real‐time applications.
Aryl and heteroaryl azo dyes derived from 6, 8‐dichloro‐4‐hydroxyquinolin‐2 (1H)‐one: synthesis, characterisation, solvatochromism and spectroscopic properties
Authors: Moradi Rufchahi Enayat Ollah , Ghanadzadeh Gilani Ali 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIn this research study, 6, 8‐dichloro‐4‐hydroxyquinolin‐2(1H)‐one was prepared by the thermal cyclocondensation of 2‐(2, 4‐dichlorophenylcarbamoyl) acetic acid or N, Nʹ‐bis(2,4‐dichlorophenyl)malonamide at 140‐150°C in polyphosphoric acid, resulting in a yield of 48%. This compound was then coupled with a series of diazonium salts derived from aromatic and heteroaromatic amines for synthesis of the corresponding azo dyes. The structures of the compounds were confirmed using elemental analysis as well as ultraviolet‐visible, Fourier Transform‐infrared and proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The effects of organic solvents with different polarities, pH values and substituents of the diazotising components on the maximum absorption wavelength of the colorants were discussed and evaluated in detail. The acidity constants (pKa) of the dyes were also determined using the spectrophotometric method in an ethanol‐water mixture (80:20, v/v) at 20‐23°C.
Long non‐coding RNA HOTAIR/microRNA‐206 sponge regulates STC2 and further influences cell biological functions in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Li Tiancheng , Qin Yao , Zhen Zhen , Shen Hong , Cong Tiechuan , Schiferle Erik , Xiao Shuifang 
Published: July 2019

AbstractObjectiveIt is essential to characterize underlying molecular mechanism associated with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and identify promising therapeutic targets. Herein, we explored role of homeobox transcript antisense RNA (HOTAIR) in HNSCC to regulate stanniocalcin‐2 (STC2) by sponging microRNA‐206 (miR‐206).MethodsHNSCC‐related differentially expressed genes and regulation network amongst HOTAIR, miR‐206 and STC2 were identified. Next, effect of HOTAIR on cell biological functions of HNSCC was identified after transfection of cells with HOTAIR overexpressed plasmids or siRNA against HOTAIR. PI3K/AKT signalling pathway‐related gene expression was measured after miR‐206 and STC2 were suppressed. Cell invasion, migration and proliferation were assessed. Finally, tumour growth was assessed to determine the effects of HOTAIR/miR‐206/STC2 axis in vivo.ResultsHOTAIR specifically bound to miR‐206 and miR‐206 targeted STC2. Downregulated HOTAIR or upregulated miR‐206 suppressed HNSCC cell proliferation, invasion and migration. miR‐206 inhibited PI3K/AKT signalling pathway by down‐regulating STC2. Besides, silenced HOTAIR or overexpressed miR‐206 repressed the tumour growth of nude mice with HNSCC.ConclusionHOTAIR regulated HNSCC cell biological functions by binding to miR‐206 through STC2.
Sparse Inverse Covariance Estimation: A Data Mining Technique to Unravel Holistic Patterns among Business Practices in Firms
Authors: Li Mei , Wu Ying , He Yi , Huang Shuai , Nair Anand 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTFirms are seeking ways to improve managerial decision making in order to enhance operational performance. However, the complexities underlying business processes often mean that operational performance depends on a multitude of factors. Yet, at times the number of empirical cases is rather limited. This presents the challenge of discerning meaningful patterns among a large number of variables that can then be used to derive generalized frameworks and mental models for decision making. In this article, we tackle this challenge with an extension of Sparse Inverse Covariance Estimation (SICE), a novel data mining technique, to address decisions in Operations and Supply Chain Management. We conduct a simulation study to validate the effectiveness of this extension in improving the accuracy and stability of pattern detection. We then apply it to an empirical dataset that is characterized by high dimension, low sample size, and lack of multivariate normal distribution. Our study pioneers the application of SICE in Operations and Supply Chain research. We also extend SICE with bootstrapping. The extended SICE is an effective technique for mining a complex empirical dataset and is a valuable aid for decision support.
Cancer prevalence higher in stroke patients than in the general population: the Dutch String‐of‐Pearls Institute (PSI) Stroke study
Authors: Wilbers J. , Sondag L. , Mulder S. , Siegerink B. , van Dijk E. J. ,   the Dutch String‐of‐Pearls Stroke Study Group
Published: July 2019

Background and purposeThe aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of cancer and its characteristics in patients with ischemic stroke and to compare this with cancer prevalence in the general population.MethodsThis was a multicenter cohort study with 2736 patients presenting with ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack. The prevalence of cancer was assessed by interview and verified by reviewing all medical records. In stroke patients with a history of cancer, we studied the subtype of cancer and its treatment characteristics. We used the national database of The Netherlands Cancer Registry to calculate population‐based age and sex cancer standardized prevalence ratios (SPRs) for patients with ischemic stroke.ResultsCancer prevalence in ischemic stroke patients was 12%, corresponding to an SPR of 1.2 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.0–1.3]. Increased SPRs were observed for cancer of the central nervous system (SPR, 18.2; 95% CI, 9.0–27.4), head and neck (SPR, 3.4; 95% CI, 2.3–4.6), lower respiratory tract (SPR, 2.4; 95% CI, 1.5–3.3) and urinary tract (SPR, 2.1; 95% CI, 1.4–2.9), but not for other cancer types. Cardiovascular risk factors, stroke etiology, treatment and outcome were not different between patients with or without a history of cancer.ConclusionsIn stroke patients, the prevalence of cancer, most prominently cancer of the central nervous system, head and neck, lower respiratory and urinary tract, was higher than in the general population. Medical treatment for the prevention of stroke in cancer survivors deserves further study.
Development of a genomics module within an epilepsy‐specific electronic health record: Toward genomic medicine in epilepsy care
Authors: Delanty Norman , White Maire , Benson Katherine , McCormack Mark , Heavin Sinead , Comerford Elizabeth , Gangadharan Nisha , Power Kevin , Dunleavey Brendan , El‐Naggar Hany , Doherty Colin , Greally Marie , Cavalleri Gianpiero , Fitzsimons Mary 
Published: July 2019

AbstractObjectivesBoth clinical genomics and e‐Health technology are changing the way medicine is being practiced. Although the basic clinical methodology of good medical care will remain unchanged, the combined power of genomics and electronic health records has the capability of enhancing, and in some cases transforming, the practice of medicine. This is particularly true in the care of patients with complex long‐term medical conditions such as chronic refractory epilepsy, especially in those with related complex comorbidities including intellectual disability and psychiatric disease.MethodsHerein we outline the development and integration of an epilepsy genomics module into a preexisting epilepsy electronic patient record (EPR) system.ResultsWe describe how this EPR infrastructure is used to facilitate discussion at multidisciplinary clinical meetings around molecular diagnosis and resulting changes in management.SignificanceThis work illustrates the role of eHealth technology in embedding genomics into the clinical pathway.
Identifying the neural basis of a language‐impaired phenotype of temporal lobe epilepsy
Authors: Kaestner Erik , Reyes Anny , Macari Anna Christina , Chang Yu‐Hsuan , Paul Brianna M. , Hermann Bruce P. , McDonald Carrie R. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo identify neuroimaging and clinical biomarkers associated with a language‐impaired phenotype in refractory temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE).MethodsEighty‐five patients with TLE were characterized as language‐impaired (TLE‐LI) or non–language‐impaired (TLE‐NLI) based on comprehensive neuropsychological testing. Structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), diffusion tensor imaging, and functional MRI (fMRI) were obtained in patients and 47 healthy controls (HC). fMRI activations and cortical thickness were calculated within language regions of interest, and fractional anisotropy (FA) was calculated within deep white matter tracts associated with language. Analyses of variance were performed to test for differences among the groups in imaging measures. Receiver operator characteristic curves were used to determine how well different clinical versus imaging measures discriminated TLE‐LI from TLE‐NLI.ResultsTLE‐LI patients showed significantly less activation within left superior temporal cortex compared to HC and TLE‐NLI, regardless of side of seizure onset. TLE‐LI also showed decreased FA in the inferior longitudinal fasciculus and arcuate fasciculus compared to HC. Cortical thickness did not differ between groups in any region. A model that included language‐related fMRI activations within the superior temporal gyrus, age at onset, and demographic variables was the most predictive of language impairment (area under the curve = 0.80).SignificanceThese findings demonstrate a unique imaging signature associated with a language‐impaired phenotype in TLE, characterized by functional and microstructural alterations within the language network. Reduced left superior temporal activation combined with compromise to language association tracts underlies this phenotype, extending our previous work on cognitive phenotypes that could have implications for treatment‐planning or cognitive progression in TLE.
Why do we itch?
Authors: Lerner Ethan A. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractWhy do we have the sensation of itch and the associated scratching response? The conventional explanation is that arthropods and other environmental irritants elicit the sensation of itch that then leads to scratching and removal of the stimulus. This explanation is reasonable yet is too limiting for this fascinating sensory phenomenon and the associated somatic (voluntary) response of scratching. We delve into other explanations here. Some of these explanations fit within current areas of basic and clinical knowledge while others are speculative and may help to frame future discussions and study.
Investigation of fatigue and fracture behaviour of sensitized marine grade aluminium alloy AA 5754
Authors: Kumar Pankaj , Singh Akhilendra 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIn the present study, fatigue and fracture characteristics of sensitized marine grade Al‐Mg (AA 5754) alloy are experimentally evaluated. Received alloy is sensitized at temperatures of 150°C (SENS50) and 175°C (SENS75) for 100 hours. Fracture parameters, KIc and JIc, are experimentally evaluated. Slow strain rate tensile tests at a crosshead speed of 0.004, 0.006, and 0.01 mm/min; fatigue crack growth tests at load ratios (R = Pmin/Pmax) of 0.1, 0.2, and 0.5; and low cycle fatigue tests at four strain amplitudes of (0.3‐0.6)% are performed for SENS50 and SENS75 alloys. Relatively lower magnitude of fracture toughness values are observed for SENS75 specimen. Severe degradation in tensile properties, fatigue crack growth characteristics, and low cycle fatigue lives are observed for SENS75 samples. Extended finite element method is adopted to simulate the elasto‐plastic crack growth during fracture toughness evaluation. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) is used to understand the failure mechanism of sensitized alloys.
The threshold effect of the efficiency of science and technological services on regional environmental governance in China
Authors: Li Congxin , Li Guozhu , Li Zining 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThrough panel data for every province in China from 2006 to 2016, this paper studies the impact of the efficiency of science and technological services and the level of economic development on environmental governance, with the efficiency of science and technological services as the threshold variables. The results of the research indicate that the efficiency of science and technological services in China's provinces is low, while the regional gap is expanding. When the efficiency of science and technological services is the threshold variable, single threshold results are significant. When the efficiency of science and technological services is the threshold variable and when the efficiency of science and technological services is lower than the threshold value, there is a significant impact on environmental governance. If the efficiency of science and technological services crosses the threshold value, the impact of science and technological service efficiency on environmental governance becomes insignificant. For the level of economic development, it is a core explanatory variable and has a significant impact on environmental governance only when the efficiency of science and technological services is below the threshold value. According to the empirical results, this paper proposes corresponding countermeasures and suggestions.
Evaluation of autologous adipose‐derived stem cells vs. fractional carbon dioxide laser in the treatment of post acne scars: a split‐face study
Authors: Abou Eitta Rania S. , Ismail Aisha A. , Abdelmaksoud Rania A. , Ghezlan Naser A. , Mehanna Radwa A. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundScarring is a distressing outcome of acne, as it causes cosmetic and psychological problems to the patients. Unfortunately no single treatment is satisfactory; instead, employing multiple modalities may have better outcome. Autologous adipose tissue‐derived adult stem cells (AT‐ASCs) and their secretory factors can stimulate collagen synthesis; angiogenesis and migration of fibroblasts thus regenerate damaged tissues. Also, conventional treatments for acne scarring, such as lasers and topical regimens, induce new collagen synthesis via activation of dermal fibroblasts or growth factors. The aim of the study was to verify the effectiveness of AT‐ASCs for the treatment of acne scarring vs. the fractional carbon dioxide laser (FxCR).Subjects and methodsSplit face comparative study included 10 adult patients with post‐acne scars on both sides of the face. One side received AT‐ASCs single injection while the other received three sessions of FxCR. Scars were then assessed using the global scoring system Goodman and Baron, scar area percent using NIH ImageJ software and functional assessment by measuring the transepidermal water loss (TEWL) and skin hydration. Both sides were followed for three months.ResultsA significant improvement in the degree of scar severity, scar area percent, skin hydration, and TEWL after 3 months of treatment on both sides of the face with insignificant differences between both treatment modalities, provided that AT‐ASCs treatment was employed once vs. three sessions of FxCR.ConclusionOne injection of AT‐ASCs is as effective as three sessions of FxCR in the treatment of atrophic acne scars.
Barriers to nursing pain management in the emergency department: A qualitative study
Authors: Shoqirat Noordeen , Mahasneh Deema , Singh Charleen , AL‐Sagarat Ahmad Yahya , Habashneh Sakhaa 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundAlthough pain is a common complaint among patients presenting to emergency departments (EDs), there is a dearth of nursing literature about barriers to pain management.PurposeThe study aimed to uncover and understand barriers to pain management in the ED from the registered nurse (RN) perspective.MethodsSemistructured interviews were conducted with 12 ED nurses in a Jordanian hospital. Data were collected throughout August 2016.ResultsTwo broad categories with subcategories emerged. The first category describes the idea of types of patient, which included three particular groups. These were patients who are violent, patients with relatives who are, and patients with expectations of care that nurses view as unrealistic. The second category describes the taxing ED environment, with two subcategories of staff shortages and physician dominance of pain management. Nurses reported feeling as if they are the victims of external factors and perceived that barriers affected teamwork and led to distress which impairs pain management.ConclusionsThe role of ED nurses in pain management is multifaceted. Therefore, implementing policies to overcome barriers such as violence among ED attenders and the perceived hostility of the ED environment through mandatory security systems, and continuing nursing education including for violence prevention may be beneficial.
Investigation of body image, self‐esteem, and quality of life in women with urinary incontinence
Authors: Gümüşsoy Süreyya , Kavlak Oya , Dönmez Sevgül 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAimThe aim of this research was to investigate the effect of urinary incontinence on body image, self‐esteem, and quality of life.MethodsThe study was conducted with 218 women with urinary incontinence. The study data were collected using the Socio‐Demographic Characteristics Questionnaire, Body Cathexis Scale, Rosenberg Self‐Esteem Scale, and Incontinence Quality of Life Questionnaire.ResultsThere was a weak, statistically significant, positive relationship found between the Body Cathexis Scale total average scores and the Rosenberg Self‐Esteem Scale total average scores of the women and a weak, statistically significant, negative relationship with the Incontinence Quality of Life Questionnaire total average scores. In addition, a weak, statistically significant, negative relationship was found between the Rosenberg Self‐Esteem Scale total score averages and Incontinence Quality of Life Questionnaire total score averages. Significant effects were seen for body image score with pad usage; for self‐esteem in relation to number of deliveries, duration, and frequency of urinary incontinence; and for incontinence quality of life and duration and frequency of urinary incontinence and pad usage.ConclusionsIt was concluded that most of the women with urinary incontinence had negative body image and that more than half of them had moderate or low self‐esteem and a moderate quality of life.
When Political Freedom Does Not Offer Travel Freedom: The Varying Determinants of Visa‐Free Travel Opportunities
Authors: Thomas Jacob 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe ease with which a person can travel abroad may greatly impact the possibilities of what they can achieve in life. Previous scholars have found that as a country politically liberalizes and becomes wealthier its nationals can travel to more countries without a visa. After analysing data from Henley and Partners, the World Bank, and Freedom House for 154 countries, I find that this is only true for nationals from countries with above‐average incomes. Among the bottom half of countries in the income distribution and the most unequal societies, nationals in politically free countries do not have greater visa‐free mobility than nationals in less politically free countries. The higher a country's income per capita, the more travel opportunities its citizens lose because their society is not completely politically free. My findings have implications for how policymakers evaluate the costs of both migration policies and policies that politically and economically liberalize societies.
The emergence of object‐based visual attention in infancy: A role for family socioeconomic status and competing visual features
Authors: Werchan Denise M. , Lynn Andrew , Kirkham Natasha Z. , Amso Dima 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe development of spatial visual attention has been extensively studied in infants, but far less is known about the emergence of object‐based visual attention. We tested 3–5‐ and 9–12‐month‐old infants on a task that allowed us to measure infants’ attention orienting bias toward whole objects when they competed with color, motion, and orientation feature information. Infants’ attention orienting to whole objects was affected by the dimension of the competing visual feature. Whether attention was biased toward the whole object or its salient competing feature (e.g., “ball” or “red”) changed with age for the color feature, with infants biased toward whole objects with age. Moreover, family socioeconomic status predicted feature‐based attention in the youngest infants and object‐based attention in the older infants when color feature information competed with whole‐object information.