bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biogenic ZnO nanoparticles: a study of blueshift of optical band gap and photocatalytic degradation of reactive yellow 186 dye under direct sunlight
Authors: Singh Jagpreet , Kaur Sukhmeen , Kaur Gaganpreet , Basu Soumen , Rawat Mohit 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Synthesis of nanoparticles (NPs) using plant extracts has been suggested as an environmentally friendly alternative to chemical synthesis of semiconductor NPs. In the present study, ZnO NPs were synthesized by a simple and cost-effective method using Coriandrum sativum leaf extract and zinc acetate as precursors. The as-synthesized ZnO NPs were characterized by UV-visible spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis. The results confirmed the formation of ZnO NPs with a wurtzite structure, spherical shape and average particle size of 24 nm. The photocatalytic degradation of reactive yellow 186 (RY 186) dye was carried out under direct sunlight irradiation and its degradation efficiency and apparent rate constant (K’app) of reaction were calculated to be 93.38%, and 0.0019 min−1, respectively. The optical band gap value of the as-synthesized ZnO NPs was found to be 3.4 eV, which indicates the presence of blueshift. Owing to the presence of blueshift and a wide band gap of synthesized biogenic ZnO NPs, the overall absorption of sunlight irradiation will be enhanced, which leads to higher degradation efficiency of the dye. The current study thus highlights the optical band gap properties of biogenic ZnO NPs and their significance as a heterogeneous catalyst for the purification of polluted water.
Crystal structure of 3β-methoxy-20α-dimethylamino-pregn-5-ene, C24H41NO
Authors: Huo Shao-Jie , Wu Ji-Chun , He Xi-Chen , Wu Qi-Yun , Du Jiang 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
C24H41NO, orthorhombic, P212121 (no. 19), a = 6.3752(16) Å, b = 12.607(3) Å, c = 26.943(7) Å, V = 2165.4(10) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0573, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1232, T = 173 K.
Crystal stucture of 2-(tert-butyl)-6-(hydroxymethyl)-4-methylphenol, C12H18O2
Authors: Wang Limin , Zhao Linxiu , Qin Tingting 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
C12H18O2, orthorhombic, Pbca (no. 61), a = 17.9560(6) Å, b = 9.8553(3) Å, c = 25.5955(7) Å, V = 4529.4(2) Å3, Z = 16, R
gt(F) = 0.0490, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1162, T = 107(10) K.
Crystal structure of 5-bromo-7-chloro-3,3a-dihydrocyclopenta[b]chromen-1(2H)-one, C12H8BrClO2
Authors: Lu Min , Li Jianqing , Ma Ling 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
C12H8BrClO2, triclinic, P1̄ (no. 2), a = 7.3250(6) Å, b = 8.6187(6) Å, c = 9.9660(6) Å, α = 107.866(2)°, β = 102.329(2)°, γ = 105.307(2)°, V = 547.06(7) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt(F) = 0.0487, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1166, T = 296(2) K.
The corrosion inhibitor behavior of iron in saline solution by the action of magnesium carboxyphosphonate
Authors: Maranescu Bianca , Lupa Lavinia , Tara-Lunga Mihali Milica , Plesu Nicoleta , Maranescu Valentin , Visa Aurelia 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Herein, we report the synthesis, structural characterization and corrosion assay of a metal phosphonate – Mg(GLY)(H2O)2 obtained from a tridentate ligand N,N-bis-phosphonomethylglycine (GLY) and a magnesium salt (MgSO4·7H2O). The phosphonate was obtained by hydrothermal method at 80°C and also under ultrasounds conditions at 60°C. The FTIR, X-ray powder diffraction, elemental analysis and thermogravimetric analysis were performed in order to fully characterize the synthesized compounds and polarization experiments (CP) and electrochemical spectroscopy (EIS) to investigate the corrosion inhibition properties. The FTIR confirm the formation of magnesium phosphonate, and the X-ray diffraction showed the formation of a semi-crystalline compound. The elemental analysis confirmed the number of water molecules per formula unit of Mg(HO3PCH2)2N(H)CH2COO·2H2O. The presence of nitrogen atom and phosphonate groups in the metal phosphonate structure anticipated that the presence of the small quantity of Mg(GLY)(H2O)2 in saline solution will provide a positive effect on iron surface and act as a corrosion inhibitor. From the CP curves recorded in an aerated nitric saline solution, corrosion parameters (corrosion potential –Ecorr, corrosion density current – Jcorr, polarization resistance – Rp and corrosion rate – Rcorr) were extracted from Tafel plots. The decrease in Jcorr is associated with a shift in Ecorr to more negative values. These results suggest that metal phosphonate behaves as a mixed-type inhibitor, by reducing both the cathodic and anodic reactions. The optimum inhibitor concentration determined was 2 mM. At this concentration the corrosion rate decreases by 23% fold comparatively with iron in nitric acid solution without metal phosphonate. The EIS data in agreement with the polarization measurement resulted from polarization data.
Differentially Private Oblivious RAM
Authors: Wagh Sameer , Cuff Paul , Mittal Prateek 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
In this work, we investigate if statistical privacy can enhance the performance of ORAM mechanisms while providing rigorous privacy guarantees. We propose a formal and rigorous framework for developing ORAM protocols with statistical security viz., a differentially private ORAM (DP-ORAM). We present Root ORAM, a family of DP-ORAMs that provide a tunable, multi-dimensional trade-off between the desired bandwidth overhead, local storage and system security.
We theoretically analyze Root ORAM to quantify both its security and performance. We experimentally demonstrate the benefits of Root ORAM and find that (1) Root ORAM can reduce local storage overhead by about 2× for a reasonable values of privacy budget, significantly enhancing performance in memory limited platforms such as trusted execution environments, and (2) Root ORAM allows tunable trade-offs between bandwidth, storage, and privacy, reducing bandwidth overheads by up to 2×-10× (at the cost of increased storage/statistical privacy), enabling significant reductions in ORAM access latencies for cloud environments. We also analyze the privacy guarantees of DP-ORAMs through the lens of information theoretic metrics of Shannon entropy and Min-entropy [16]. Finally, Root ORAM is ideally suited for applications which have a similar access pattern, and we showcase its utility via the application of Private Information Retrieval.
Feature Selection for Website Fingerprinting
Authors: Yan Junhua , Kaur Jasleen 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Website fingerprinting based on TCP/IP headers is of significant relevance to several Internet entities. Prior work has focused only on a limited set of features, and does not help understand the extents of fingerprint-ability. We address this by conducting an exhaustive feature analysis within eight different communication scenarios. Our analysis helps reveal several previously-unknown features in several scenarios, that can be used to fingerprint websites with much higher accuracy than previously demonstrated. This work helps the community better understand the extents of learnability (and vulnerability) from TCP/IP headers.
Neural network prediction of K and L-shell X-ray production cross sections
Authors: Beladel Brahim , Mohamedi Brahim , Guesmia Abdelkader , Benamar Mohamed E. A. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
The ionization and X-ray production cross section are fundamental parameters in elemental analysis by PIXE technique. Unfortunately no exact general analytical expression exists, from which the interest of this work. In this paper, we apply the neural network technique in the evaluation of the X-ray production cross sections. The calculations are based on Mukoyama’s PWBA data. Our results are compared with experimental data for protons and alpha particles for energies ranging from hundreds KeV to tens MeV.
Performance of Fully Grouted Piezometers under Transient Flow Conditions: Field Study and Numerical Results
Authors: Marefat Vahid , Duhaime François , Chapuis Robert P. , Borgne Vincent Le 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Piezometers can be installed in clay layers using the fully grouted method. This method is said to reduce installation costs and facilitate installation, especially for nested piezometers. The success of a fully grouted installation depends upon the ratio of grout and surrounding soil hydraulic conductivity and upon the grout physical stability. This article presents new results from field tests and numerical simulations regarding the performance of fully grouted piezometers under transient flow conditions. The field observations show that using low-permeability grout for piezometer installation provides precise pore water pressure (PWP) measurements. This confirms previous findings on the fully grouted installation technique. Field observations for a very high-permeability grout that could be more than 1,100 times more permeable than the soil result in PWPs that totally differ from the PWP obtained with a low-permeability grout. Using three scenarios involving transient flow, the numerical results show that hydraulic conductivity ratios between 0.001 and 10 provide an accurate pore pressure response without a significant time lag for soils with a very low permeability (K ≤ 2 × 10−9 m/s). For most practical applications, a hydraulic conductivity ratio of 100 is the upper limit to obtain acceptable pore pressure measurements for these soils. A large hydraulic conductivity ratio may cause a hydraulic short circuit between the fully grouted piezometer and the upper aquifer. For a borehole diameter of 100 mm, the numerical results demonstrate that grout stiffness has no significant impact on the performance of fully grouted piezometers. However, grout stiffness is important for the long-term performance of the fully grouted piezometer. This article also introduces preliminary results regarding a testing program on grout properties. These results confirm pervious findings by others that the preparation of low-permeability grout is not trivial and that grout initial viscosity controls its physical stability and hydraulic conductivity.
Sarcoglycan Alpha Mitigates Neuromuscular Junction Decline in Aged Mice by Stabilizing LRP4
Authors: Zhao Kai , Shen Chengyong , Li Lei , Wu Haitao , Xing Guanglin , Dong Zhaoqi , Jing Hongyang , Chen Wenbing , Zhang Hongsheng , Tan Zhibing , Pan Jinxiu , Xiong Lei , Wang Hongsheng , Cui Wanpeng , Sun Xiang-Dong , Li Shihua , Huang Xinping , Xiong Wen-Cheng , Mei Lin 
Published: August 2018

During aging, acetylcholine receptor (AChR) clusters become fragmented and denervated at the neuromuscular junction (NMJ). Underpinning molecular mechanisms are not well understood. We showed that LRP4, a receptor for agrin and critical for NMJ formation and maintenance, was reduced at protein level in aged mice, which was associated with decreased MuSK tyrosine phosphorylation, suggesting compromised agrin-LRP4-MuSK signaling in aged muscles. Transgenic expression of LRP4 in muscles alleviated AChR fragmentation and denervation and improved neuromuscular transmission in aged mice. LRP4 ubiquitination was augmented in aged muscles, suggesting increased LRP4 degradation as a mechanism for reduced LRP4. We found that sarcoglycan α (SGα) interacted with LRP4 and delayed LRP4 degradation in cotransfected cells. AAV9-mediated expression of SGα in muscles mitigated AChR fragmentation and denervation and improved neuromuscular transmission in aged mice. These observations support a model where compromised agrin-LRP4-MuSK signaling serves as a pathological mechanism of age-related NMJ decline and identify a novel function of SGα in stabilizing LRP4 for NMJ stability in aged mice.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThis study provides evidence that LRP4, a receptor of agrin that is critical for NMJ formation and maintenance, is reduced at protein level in aged muscles. Transgenic expression of LRP4 in muscles ameliorates AChR fragmentation and denervation and improves neuromuscular transmission in aged mice, demonstrating a critical role of the agrin-LRP4-MuSK signaling. Our study also reveals a novel function of SGα to prevent LRP4 degradation in aged muscles. Finally, we show that NMJ decline in aged mice can be mitigated by AAV9-mediated expression of SGα in muscles. These observations provide insight into pathological mechanisms of age-related NMJ decline and suggest that improved agrin-LRP4-MuSK signaling may be a target for potential therapeutic intervention.
Principales prácticas restrictivas a la libre competencia ejecutadas por los oferentes en el marco de procesos de selección de contratistas del Estado
Authors: Galvis Macías Iván Humberto 
Published: August 2018

El derecho a la libre competencia económica, garantizado en el ordenamiento jurídico colombiano a partir de la prescripción contenida en el artículo 333 de la Constitución de 1991, encuentra su más legítima representación en el ámbito de la contratación estatal en el principio de libre concurrencia de oferentes, el cual resulta vulnerado a través de prácticas ejecutadas entre oferentes, e incluso entre estos y entidades estatales, con el ánimo de buscar beneficios en la selección de contratistas del Estado. Desde esta perspectiva, se hace necesario determinar cuáles son las principales prácticas ejecutadas por los oferentes en los procesos de selección de contratistas, que vulneran el derecho constitucional a la libre competencia y que han sido investigadas por la Superintendencia de Industria y Comercio (SIC), para lo cual se determinará la naturaleza jurídica del derecho constitucional a la libre competencia en el marco de procesos de contratación estatal, se auscultará el papel de la Superintendencia de Industria y Comercio colombiana frente a la garantía de este derecho en procesos de contratación estatal, se determinará la posible aplicación de las prácticas restrictivas de la competencia tipificadas en el ordenamiento jurídico colombiano en procesos de selección de contratistas del Estado, y se analizarán algunos breves casos en los que la SIC aplicó medidas jurídicas en presuntos casos de prácticas colusorias, para de esta manera comprender la forma como tales prácticas se consolidan en los procesos de selección de contratistas adelantados por entidades estatales
Perceived Cultural Competency Skills and Deficiencies Among Pediatric Residents and Faculty at a Large Teaching Hospital
Authors: Rule Amy R.L. , Reynolds Kim , Sucharew Heidi , Volck Brian 
Published: August 2018

OBJECTIVES:To identify demographic, educational, and experiential factors associated with perceived self-efficacy in cultural competency (PSECC) for pediatric residents and faculty at a large, tertiary-care children’s hospital and to identify key barriers to the delivery of culturally competent pediatric care.METHODS:We conducted a cross-sectional assessment of cultural competency (CC) education, training, and skills using an online survey of residents and faculty at a large children’s hospital. With our data analysis, we sought associations between PSECC skills, cross-cultural training or work experience, and demographic background. Participants were asked to identify and rank barriers to CC care and additional training they would like to see implemented.RESULTS:A total of 114 residents (55%) and 143 faculty (65%) who responded to the survey assessing PSECC. Residents were more likely to have had CC training than faculty. More than half of the residents and faculty had participated in an underserved-group clinical experience domestically or abroad. Those residents with underserved-group experience were more likely to be comfortable with interpreter use (P = .03) and culturally sensitive issues (P = .06). Faculty who participated in underserved-group care in the United States were more likely to believe that cultural bias affects care (P = .005). Both identified time constraints, language barriers, and lack of knowledge as chief barriers to acquiring CC, and both desired more training.CONCLUSIONS:Residents and faculty at a large children’s hospital believe that they lack adequate CC training. Underserved-group clinical experiences both domestically and abroad are associated with perceived improved cross-cultural care skills. Increasing the extent and quality of CC education in both resident training and faculty development is needed.
A Clinical Careography: Steering Life-and-death Decisions Through Care
Authors: Navne Laura E. , Svendsen Mette N. 
Published: August 2018

OBJECTIVES:In many Euro-American societies, the ideal of patient and family involvement in clinical decision-making prevails. This ideal exists alongside the doctor’s obligation and responsibility to make decisions and to be accountable for them. In this article, we explore how medical staff navigate the tension between autonomy and authority when engaging life-and-death decision-making in a Danish NICU.METHODS:The study rests on ethnographic fieldwork in a Danish NICU, involving participant observations in everyday care and decision-making work and semistructured interviews with staff and parents. All interviews were taped and transcribed. The empirical material was analyzed using thematic coding and validated in discussions with staff, parents, and social scientists.RESULTS:Decisions are relational. Multiple moves, spaces, temporalities, and actors are involved in life-and-death decisions in the NICU. Therefore, the concept of medical decision-making fails to do justice to the complex efforts of moving infants in or out of life. Yet, many of these decision-making moments are staged, timed, and coordinated by medical staff. Therefore, we introduce an alternative vocabulary for talking about life-and-death decision-making in neonatology to help us attend to the moral stakes, the emotional tenor, and the fine-grained mechanisms of authority implied in such decisions around tiny infants.CONCLUSIONS:We conceptualize decisions as an art of “careography.” Careography is the work of aligning care for the infant, care for the parents, care for staff, care for other infants, and care for society at large, in the process of deciding whether it is best to continue or withdraw life support.
MENELUSURI LATAR HISTORIS TURUNNYA ALQURAN DAN PROSES PEMBENTUKAN TATANAN MASYARAKAT ISLAM
Authors: Riyani Irma 
Published: August 2018

AbstrakTulisan ini berusaha untuk menelusuri kembali seperti apa sejarah penurunan Alquranuntuk mengetahui bagaimana pesan-pesan Alquran tersebut mampu membangun tatanan sosial baru berdasarkan petunjuk Alquran. Tulisan ini dilandaskan pada kenyataan bahwa Alquran diturunkan secara berangsur-angsur selama ±23 tahun kepada masyarakat Arab pada waktu itu, mengomentari keadaan dan peristiwa-peristiwa yang mereka alami bahkan menjawab pertanyaan-pertanyaan dan permasalahan yang mereka hadapi. Banyak di antara pesan-pesan Alquran bersifat bantahan yang nyata atas norma-norma sosial yang diberlakukan masyarakat Jahiliyyah. Isi Alquran bukan hanya mereformasi tatanan masyarakat yang ada tetapi bahkan merevolusi konsep-konsep yang sudah baku dan menggantinya dengan konsep baru yang mencerahkan dan membebaskan. Tulisan ini diharapkan dapat mengembalikan kita pada pemahaman menyeluruh tentang makna dasar Islam datang dan mampu secara lebih bijak memahami kondisi masyarakat modern dengan berkaca pada tujuan penurunan Alquran bagi kehidupan umat Islam.
PERKEMBANGAN TAFSIR DI INDONESIA ( PRA KEMERDEKAAN 1900-1945)
Authors: Roifa Rifa , Anwar Rosihon , Darmawan Dadang 
Published: August 2018

Pada paruh pertama abad ke-20 karya-karya tafsir mulai bermunculan dan berkembang pesat di Nusantara. Hal ini merupakan fenomena baru, karena pada abad-abad sebelumnya, karya-karya tafsir Nusantara sangat jarang ditemukan.Ditambah kondisi Indonesia pada masa sebelum masa kemerdekaan berada dalam keadaan yang cukup sulit dan rumit. Kitab tafsir yang ditulis oleh para mufasir Indonesia saat itu, berupaya membangkitkan semangat bangsa untuk lepas dari penderitaan walaupun hanya dengan pernyataan yang samar-samar. Penelitian ini memfokuskan diri pada masalah perkembangan tafsir di Indonesia dari tahun 1900-1945, dilihat dari karakteristiknya yang meliputi aspek metode, sumber dan corak penafsiran, sebagaimana terlihat pada karya-karya tafsir yang lahir pada masa itu. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian studi kepustakaan atas empat karya tafsir dari tahun 1900-1945 sebagai sumber data primer yaitu; Tafsir Al-Qurān Karīm, Tafsir Al-Furqan, Tafsir Malja Al-Thalibin, dan Tamsiyah Al-Muslimin. Penelitian ini lebih bersifat deskriptif-analitis dengan menggunakan pendekatan historis. Dari penelitian yang telah dilakukan, ditemukan data-data sebagai berikut: untuk metode penafsiran yang terdapat pada ketiga tafsir ini yaitu, tafsir Al-Qurān Karīm, tafsir Al-Furqan, dan tafsir Malja Al-Thalibinmenggunakan metode Ijmāli. Sedangkan untuk tafsir Tamsyiah Al-Muslimin ialah Tahlīli. Sumber penafsiran pada keempat tafsir tersebut masing-masing dari karya tersebut semua sumbernya ialah bil ra’yi.Untuk corak tafsir yang terdapat pada kedua tafsir ini yaitu tafsir Al-Qurān Karīm, dan Tamsyiah Al-Muslimin adalah corak adab al-ijtim’i.Pada tafsir Al-Furqān adalah corak lughawi. Adapun pada tafsir Malja Al-Thalibin tidak ada corak yang dominan, adakalanya Sanusi menafsirkan ayat yang berhubungan dengan masalah fiqih, kalam, atau sufi,ini menunjukan bahwa sifat coraknya adalah umum. Dengan demikian, dapat diambil kesimpulan bahwa pada keempat tafsir ini karena berada pada masa pra kemerdekaan, tentu saja di dalam penafsirannya ada sedikitnya ayat-ayat yang menyentuh mengenai motivasi pada semangat perjuangan seperti misal contoh yang ada pada ayat 85 surah Al-Baqarah dan ayat 71 surah Al-Taubah, yang membuktikan bahwa penulisan karya tafsir pada masa ini ada kaitannya dengan persoalan sosio-politik yang terjadi dan bahkan dapat menjurus kepada jawaban-jawaban dari masalah yang terjadi, yang merupakan suatu ciri khas dari karya-karya tafsir masa itu.
URGENSI ASBĀB AL-NUZŪL MENURUT AL-WAHIDI
Authors: Muslimah Siti , Mulyana Yayan , Chodijah Medina 
Published: August 2018

Asbāb Al-Nuzūl menjadi instrumen penting untuk memahami maksud ayat sesuai dengan konteksnya. Al-Wahidi menawarkan basis epistemologi yang ketat agar otentisitas asbāb al-nuzūl terjaga, terutama dari sisi sumber (riwayah). Al-Wahidi berpendapat bahwa asbāb al-nuzūl daat diaplikasikan dalam konteks kekinian. Sebab diturunkannya ayat Alquran ini akan memberikan pemahaman, tidak hanya pemahaman yang tekstual tetapi pemahaman kontekstual juga terhadap suatu ayat, terutama untuk mengetahui status hukum pada masa itu, baik berupa peristiwa maupun pertanyaan. Pendapat yang diambil oleh Al-Wahidi ini tidak sembarang mangambil referensi untuk dicantumkan ke dalam kitabnya (Asbāb al-nuzūl). Pada setiap Hadith dan pendapat yang ia tuangkan memiliki landasan yang kuat dan dapat dipertanggung jawabkan. Mengenai pendapat para ulama terhadap konsep Al-Wahidi, apa yang dikatakan Al-Suyuthi bahwa ia mengkritik apa yang dikatakan oleh Al-Wahidi dalam menafsirkan surat al-Fīl yaitu mengenai kisah penyerbuan orang-orang Habasyah. Hal ini sama sekali tidak termasuk sebab turunnya ayat melainkan informasi tentang peristiwa masa lalu.