bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bio‐MOF‐11 Derived Amorphous Cobalt Hollow Nanospheres to Access Bioactive Quinazolinone Scaffolds and Aromatic Amines
Authors: Anbuselvan Natarajan , Sivaprakash Selvam , Pooja Sivakumar , Nithya Kesavan , Suresh Devarajan , Amali Arlin Jose 
Published: November 2024

AbstractA facile synthetic strategy is reported to afford bioactive quinazolinones and aromatic amines by employing amorphous cobalt hollow nanospheres (Co HNS) derived from a Bio‐MOF, cobalt adeninate, as a catalyst. Modulated electron states of the amorphous cobalt with a high concentration of surficial active sites and Co–N sites enhance the intrinsic catalytic activity while the support, activated carbon, facilitates the formation of hollow structure.
Metal‐Organic Framework (MOF)‐Based Sensors for Mercury (Hg) Detection: Design Strategies and Recent Progress
Authors: Ma Wei , Zhang Qidu , Xiang Dongshan , Mao Kang , Xue Jiaqi , Chen Zhuo , Chen Zhen , Du Wei , Zhai Kun , Zhang Hua 
Published: November 2024

AbstractMonitoring mercury (Hg) is critical for environmental and public health. Metal‐organic framework (MOF)‐based sensors demonstrate the advantage of high sensitivity and rapid response. We summarize the advances of MOF sensors for Hg2+ detection from the perspective of MOF type and role in the sensors. First, we introduce three MOFs used in Hg sensors‐UIO, ZIF, and MIL‐that have demonstrated superior performance. Then, we discuss the specifics of MOF‐based sensors for Hg2+ detection in terms of the recognition and signal elements. Currently, the recognition elements include T‐rich aptamers, noble metal nanoparticles, central metal ions, and organic functional groups inherent to MOFs. Sensors with fluorescence and colorimetric signals are the two main types of optical MOF sensors used for Hg detection. Electrochemical sensors have also been fabricated, but these are less frequently reported, potentially due to the limited conductivity and cycling stability of MOFs. Notably, dual‐signal sensors mitigate background signals interference and enhance the accuracy of Hg2+ detection. Furthermore, to facilitate portability and user‐friendliness, portable devices such as microfluidics, paper‐based devices, and smartphones have been developed for Hg2+ detection, showcasing potential applications. We also address the challenges related to MOF‐based sensors for Hg2+ and future outlook.
Deep‐Ultraviolet Transparent Nonlinear Optical Phosphates: A New Alternative to Conventional Borates
Authors: Zhao Hua‐Jun , Zhang Jia‐Xiang , Lin Hua 
Published: November 2024

AbstractDeep ultraviolet (DUV) nonlinear optical (NLO) crystals with balanced performance are crucial for extending laser wavelengths into the DUV region, essential for various laser applications. However, developing ideal DUV crystals is challenging due to stringent requirements: strong second‐harmonic generation (SHG) response, short cut‐off wavelength, and effective phase‐matching behavior. DUV NLO borates, which feature π‐conjugated groups, have garnered attention for their higher SHG coefficients compared to phosphates. However, phosphates typically show short UV cut‐off edges due to the large HOMO‐LUMO gap (approximately 9.6 eV) of the [PO₄] units. To enhance the SHG effect while maintaining DUV transparency in phosphates, several strategies have been proposed: 1) using distorted polymerized P−O groups like isolated C₁‐[P₃O₁₀]⁵− and [P₂O₇]⁴−; 2) aligning isolated [PO₄]3− tetrahedra along the polar screw axis; 3) introducing additional NLO‐active units; and 4) exploring new units derived from [PO₄]3−, such as [PO₃F]2− tetrahedra. These strategies have led to the successful development of various non‐centrosymmetric phosphates, highlighting their potential as DUV NLO candidates. This review explores the relationship between their crystal structures and DUV NLO performance, and proposes future directions for developing ideal DUV NLO materials.
Development of Dual Aurora‐A and Aurora‐B Degrading PROTACs for MYCN‐Amplified Neuroblastoma
Authors: Nelson Sydney E. , Tucker James R. , Prado Madelen G. , Tierney Lillian C. , Quigley Sarah L. , Lumpkin Andrew T. , Dodd Cayden J. , Hasko Viola , Howie Savannah L. , Aastha  , Ody Britton K. , Yin Jun , Heemstra Jennifer M. , Turlington Mark 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn neuroblastoma, MYCN amplification is associated with survival rates of <50 %. Overexpression of the mitotic kinases Aurora‐A and Aurora‐B are also associated with low survival and exacerbate the oncogenic effects of N‐Myc. As N‐Myc is stabilized by Aurora‐A, Aurora‐A targeting proteolysis targeting chimeras (PROTACs) have been developed that reduce Aurora‐A and N‐Myc levels. However, simultaneous degradation of N‐Myc, Aurora‐A, and Aurora‐B has not been previously achieved. Given the contributions of both Aurora kinases to MYCN‐amplified neuroblastoma, we designed PROTACs capable of degrading both Aurora‐A and Aurora‐B. Dual‐degrading PROTACs dAurAB2 and dAurAB5 potently degraded Aurora‐A (DC50=59 nM and 8.8 nM, respectively) and Aurora‐B (DC50=39 nM and 6.1 nM), eliminated 89 %–97 % of Aurora‐A and Aurora‐B, and reduced N‐Myc levels by 38 % and 45 % in MYCN‐amplified IMR32 neuroblastoma cells. Global proteomics screening revealed that while dAurAB2 demonstrated good selectivity, dAurAB5 downregulated additional targets including threonine tyrosine kinase (TTK). Interestingly, TKK is also associated with MYCN‐amplified neuroblastoma, and multi‐target PROTAC dAurAB5 reduced the viability of neuroblastoma IMR32 cells by 55 % at 24 hours. The development of dAurAB2 and dAurAB5 generates new modalities for inhibiting the oncogenic activities of Aurora‐A, Aurora‐B, N‐Myc, and TTK in neuroblastoma and other cancers.
Origin of Regioselectivity Inversion Tuned by Substrate Electronic Properties in Co(III)‐Catalyzed Annulation of N‐Chlorobenzamide with Alkenes
Authors: Gao Han , Wang Wujie , Zhai Xiaofang , Ye Feng , Liu Bin , Lu Gang , Li Yuliang 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe mechanisms of Co(III)‐catalyzed annulations of N‐chlorobenzamide with olefins bearing different electronic properties were computationally studied and the origins of regioselectivity reversal were investigated by using energy decomposition analysis (EDA). The alkene migratory insertion step determines the regiochemistry of these reactions. EDA results indicate that the 2,1‐insertion with styrene is favored because there is a weaker Pauli repulsion between the cobaltacycle Co−C σ orbital and the olefin π orbital. Conversely, the 1,2‐insertion with vinyltrimethylsilane is more favorable than the 2,1‐insertion. This is mostly because the increased π electron density can effectively differentiate the stabilizing electronic interactions.
The Dual‐Role of Benzothiadiazole Fluorophores for Enabling Electrofluorochromic and Electrochromic Devices
Authors: Raj Mohan Raj Anthony , Yao Chengzhang , Balakrishnan Muthuperumal Gokul , Hu Lei , Malinge Alexandre , Frémont Mathieu , Cambe Coralie , Ortiz Orlando , Porlier Sacha , Skene W. G. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThree unsymmetric fluorophores differing in their flanking electron acceptor (−NO2, −CN, −CHO) were investigated for their electrofluorochromism and electrochromism. The emission yield of the ‐NO2 substituted fluorophore in the solid state was ca. 9‐fold less than its ‐CN and ‐CHO counterparts. Visible color changes of the fluorophores were observed with an applied potential. The intensity of the near‐infrared absorption at ca. 1500 nm formed upon electrochemical oxidation was contingent on the electron‐withdrawing group: 2‐fold more intense with the ‐CN substitution than its ‐H counterpart. The coloration efficiency was upwards of 655 cm2 C−1 and the bleaching kinetics (tb; 22 s) of the NIR band decreased according to ‐NO2>‐CN>‐ CHO ≈ ‐H. The electrochemically generated states could be reversibly formed during 120 min of switching the applied potential. The contrast ratio of the radical cation and the NIR absorption was near unity and 60–82 %, respectively. The photoemission intensity of the fluorophores could also be modulated with applied potentials. The collective electrochemically mediated color switching and emission intensity modulation along with their solid‐state emission demonstrate that benzothiadiazole fluorophores can play a dual role in chromic devices both as the color switching and photoemission intensity modulating material.
Carbon implications of sovereign wealth funds
Authors: Andersen Elena Vaagenes , Wilts Jakob Willem , Shan Yuli , Ruzzenenti Franco , Hubacek Klaus 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAs of May 2022, assets under management of these funds amount to 9.91 trillion USD. Hence, sovereign wealth funds have a significant influence on the financial system due to their substantial economic value. As the current practice of portfolio management is outdated, due to a lack of relevant input factors exploring environmental, social and governance issues, the study explores two commonly used portfolio management models; the Markowitz model and the conditional value‐at‐risk model, and proposes a new model integrating sustainability indicators. Results indicate significant economic and environmental differences between sustainable and conventional investments for sovereign wealth funds. To ensure global progress on emission reduction, these funds should implement climate change strategies to encourage and accelerate the low‐carbon transition while continuing to manage their investment portfolios.
Finite‐Time Disturbance Observer‐Based Adaptive Continuous Robust Control for Buck Converter
Authors: Aghdam Mohammadreza Hassanzadeh , Mazare Mahmood , Torkaman Hossein 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThis paper proposes a novel finite‐time adaptive continuous robust control method for buck converters, combining dynamic sliding mode theory with a mismatched disturbance observer. While traditional sliding mode control can effectively manage matched disturbances, it often falls short when faced with mismatched disturbances, potentially compromising system performance. Our developed control strategy introduces a nonlinear sliding mode‐based disturbance observer and an adaptive continuous robust sliding mode control to guide state variables towards desired values. To mitigate the chattering phenomenon, the proposed controller incorporates a super‐twisting algorithm, ensuring continuous control command behavior. We conducted a rigorous finite‐time stability analysis of the control procedure using Lyapunov theory. Furthermore, comprehensive experimental results demonstrate that our proposed control method significantly reduces disturbance effects and enhances the buck converter's performance in terms of robustness and accuracy.
Potential distribution of endemic lizards from Brazilian restingas: The present announcing the end
Authors: Andrade Hugo , Costa Silva Luisa Maria Diele‐Viegas , Rocha Carlos Frederico Duarte , Argôlo Antônio Jorge Suzart , Dias Eduardo José dos Reis 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe restinga habitats are coastal psammophilous environments, with only 0.47% of the original area remaining in Brazil. This environment embraces at least 36 known species of lizards, 7 of them being endemic. Besides direct anthropogenic impacts, climate change raises new cautions on Brazilian restingas‐endemic lizards conservation. We evaluated the current and future potential distribution of the endemic lizards from Brazilian restingas, considering different climate change scenarios. We hypothesized shifts in the potential distribution of the restinga‐endemic lizards. We conducted ecological niche modeling to predict the potential distribution of Brazilian restingas‐endemic lizards. Here, we used an ensemble of three modeling algorithms (Bioclim, GLM, and SVM). In predicting the effects of climate change on their future distributions, we used intermediate and pessimistic socio‐economic pathway scenarios (SSP3 70 and SSP5 85, respectively) considering projections for 2081–2100. Furthermore, we calculate the extent of future potential distribution covered by the current spatial configuration of integral protection areas to assess if they will still be effective in conserving the species in the future. We did this by binarizing predicted potential distribution with a threshold of 0.8. Our data pointed out that the species will have their potential distribution area altered for 2081–2100, considering climate change scenarios. Tropidurus hygomi, Glaucomastix abaetensis, and G. itabaianensis overlapped along their predicted potential distribution for the present and future. The same was found to Ameivula nativo and Liolaemus lutzae. Moreover, our results showed a potential marked reduction of potential distribution covered PAs. The recognition of potential distribution areas discussed here enables focal and urgent conservation strategies, besides bringing up alerts on protected areas’ role in conserving these species under climate change scenarios. We propose creating planning policies using space and time criteria and developing long‐term studies, besides promoting educational programs aiming at environmental conservation. Thus, we expect our research to contribute to the protection of the land over Brazilian restingas‐endemic lizards' distribution.
Walter's Duiker (Philantomba walteri Colyn, 2010): A Literature Review on a Recently Identified and Potentially Vulnerable Species
Authors: Sahgui Eltsine M. C. , Lhoest Simon , Fonteyn Davy , Daïnou Kasso , Michaux Johan , Vermeulen Cédric 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBased on recent taxonomic and molecular tools, the Walter's duiker (Philantomba walteri Colyn, 2010), endemic to the Dahomey Gap in West Africa, has been recognized as a new species in 2010. This species is largely hunted and may already be threatened by extinction. This review paper aims to synthesize the current knowledge on this species, covering its taxonomy, morphology, biology, ecology, diet, seed dispersal role, reproduction patterns, activity rate, parasitology, spatial distribution, habitats, population densities, and ongoing human pressures. We carried out an exhaustive literature search using nine databases, going through 1200 initial references to finally retain a total of only 11 research articles mentioning Walter's duiker. Very few publications exist on the species due to its recent discovery. Existing studies focus on feeding, parasitology, and hunting pressure. Walter's duiker distribution range extends over Togo, Benin, and Nigeria. The species is hunted in a large part of its range, including in the reserves that are supposed to protect it. We synthesize the biological information related to the Maxwell's duiker as well as the Walter's duiker, as historically, these two species have been confounded and are morphologically similar. Our synthesis also highlights the scientific gaps for a better understanding of the biology of this species, and it proposes priority themes for future research. Priority should be given to studying the diet composition of Walter's duiker by analyzing rumens and feces, its role in seed dispersal and forest regeneration, its home range and activity rate, and the estimation of its abundance. All these information together would allow to thoroughly assess the species status and contribute to its conservation.
Solar Panels as Novel Nest Sites for the European Paper Wasp Polistes dominula
Authors: Tew Nicholas E. , Levin Michael O. , Hernandez Rebecca R. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTSolar energy facilities are rapidly expanding in their land‐use footprint worldwide, with significant implications for biodiversity. Although the impacts of conventional solar development are often negative for biodiversity, it is possible for some species to take advantage of the novel anthropogenic structures and microhabitats provided by solar facilities. We describe the frequent nesting of non‐native European paper wasps (Polistes dominula) at two solar facilities in the Central Valley of California (USA), conducting nest censuses to further investigate population density and nest siting behaviour. Active nests were found to occur at a density of 10–23 per hectare of solar facility, and paper wasps had a preference for nesting in sheltered metal torque tubes compared with the more exposed undersides of photovoltaic panels. Our study shows that P. dominula might benefit from the construction of solar energy facilities, which could have a variety of impacts on native species and surrounding agriculture that warrant further study. The European paper wasp therefore provides an example to illustrate the potential for a varied and relatively unpredictable set of ecological outcomes to follow land‐use change resulting from solar energy development.
Exome sequencing in Nigerian children with early‐onset epilepsy syndromes
Authors: Ademuwagun Ibitayo Abigail , Adam Yagoub , Rotimi Solomon Oladapo , Syrbe Steffen , Radtke Maximilian , Hentschel Julia , Lemke Johannes R. , Adebiyi Ezekiel 
Published: November 2024

AbstractObjectiveNigeria, along with other Sub‐Saharan African countries, bears the highest burden of epilepsy worldwide. This high prevalence is attributed to a combination of factors, including a significant incidence of infectious diseases, perinatal complications, and genetic etiologies. Genetic testing is rarely available and is not typically included in the routine diagnostic work‐up for individuals with infantile and childhood epilepsy syndromes in these regions. Exome sequencing (ES) offers a diagnostic yield of 24%–62%, but these figures primarily reflect data from high‐income countries (HICs) and may not be applicable to low‐ and middle‐income countries (LMICs). In this study, we employed ES to investigate the genetic basis of early‐onset epilepsy in 22 affected children from Nigeria.MethodsThe study involved sampling of patients diagnosed with early‐onset epilepsy syndromes at the Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (LASUTH) Neurology clinic. Venous blood samples were collected, and genomic DNA was isolated and purified. Molecular analysis included DNA fragmentation, ligation, target enrichment, library preparation, and whole‐exome sequencing. Computational analysis involved variant calling, curation, and classification using specialized tools and databases.ResultsPathogenic variants were identified in 6 out of 22 individuals, equaling a diagnostic yield of 27.3% and comprising variants in BPTF, NAA15, SCN1A, TUBA1A and twice in CACNA1A.SignificanceIn this study, we present the first exome study on early‐onset epilepsy syndromes from West Africa, facilitated by a Nigerian‐German research collaboration. Our findings reveal a genetic diagnostic yield comparable to that of HICs. The integration of genomic medicine into epilepsy management in Nigeria holds promising prospects for improving patient care and reducing mortality rates.Plain Language SummaryThis study represents the first published exome findings in Nigerian children with early‐onset epilepsy, revealing a genetic diagnosis in 27% of cases. Pathogenic variants were identified in five genes amongst 6 of 22 patients, underscoring the potential of genetic testing to enhance epilepsy management in developing nations like Nigeria.
A Multi‐Fidelity Model for Wave Energy Converters
Authors: Battisti Beatrice , Bracco Giovanni , Bergmann Michel 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThe objective of this study is to develop a three‐dimensional numerical model for a floating point absorber wave energy converter in the presence of sea waves, considering its interaction with a bi‐fluid flow (comprising air and water). The primary aim is to create an efficient computational tool that achieves two key objectives: firstly, reducing the computational time typically associated with high‐fidelity Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) models, and secondly, curing the lack of accuracy of low‐fidelity asymptotic or projection‐based reduced‐order models in regions subjected to viscous and highly nonlinear effects. To address these objectives, we propose a multi‐fidelity model based on domain decomposition. This approach combines a high‐fidelity CFD solver, which accurately captures the behavior in viscous and nonlinear regions, with a Reduced Order Model (ROM) based on Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD), tailored for weakly nonlinear regions. By integrating these components spatially, we simulate the dynamics of the floating body within a unified framework. This methodology ensures precise predictions of the body's motion for both in‐sample (reproduction) and out‐of‐sample (prediction) configurations.
Cross‐Learning With Panel Data Modeling for Stacking and Forecast Time Series Employment in Europe
Authors: Lovaglio Pietro Giorgio 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThis paper describes the use of cross‐learning with panel data modeling for stacking regressions of different predictive models for time series employment across occupations in Europe during the last 15 years. The ARIMA and state space models were used for the predictions on the first‐level model ensemble. On the second level, the time series predictions of these models were combined for stacking, using panel data estimators as a cross‐learner and also exploiting the strong hierarchical data structure (time series nested in occupational groups). Very few methods adopt stacking to generate ensembles for time series regressions. Indeed, to the best of our knowledge, panel data modeling has never before been used as a cross‐learner in staking strategies. Empirical application was used to fit employment by occupations in 30 European countries between 2010 Q1 and 2022 Q4, using the last year as the test set. The empirical results show that using panel data modeling as a multivariate time series cross‐learner that stacks univariate time series base models—especially when they do not produce accurate predictions—is an alternative worthy of consideration, also with respect to such classical aggregation schemes as optimal and equal weighting.
Preclinical dental students and their learning environment: A wellbeing perspective
Authors: Maragha Tala , Perez‐Garcia Arnaldo , Shuler Charles , Walker Judith , von Bergmann HsingChi 
Published: November 2024

AbstractObjectivesPreclinical dental education can challenge students’ wellbeing. These challenges are multifaceted and are experienced differently across student populations. However, an in‐depth understanding of these challenges and the changes in the students’ response to them remains limited. Therefore, this study aims to explore the wellbeing experiences of preclinical dental students and the strategies they developed to maintain their wellbeing over two time points: the academic years 2021/2022 and 2012/2013.MethodsA case study was conducted using qualitative data from semi‐structured interviews with preclinical dental students in 2021/2022. Data were thematically analyzed, and data from the Dental Student Study Habits Survey in 2012/2013 were later used for triangulation.ResultsFifteen students participated in the interviews. Twenty‐four students participated in the 2012/2013 survey in the beginning of the academic year. Three themes emerged—uncertain transitions, challenging interactions, and multifaceted impact and balancing strategies—along with various subthemes. Students in 2012/3013 reported high levels of stress, anxiety, overwhelm, and fatigue during dental school in comparison with other time points, and most students in both periods reported developing physical, phycological, and social strategies to maintain their wellbeing. The lack of time was found to be a barrier for practicing stress management strategies across the two time points.ConclusionStudents experience several challenges in preclinical dental education that negatively impacts their wellbeing and seem to persist over the past decade. It is important that dental education programs consider inclusive and nurturing teaching approaches in the learning environment to support students’ wellbeing and performance.