bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neurophysiologisches Monitoring des Nervus facialis bei Operationen an Vestibularisschwannomen: Der aktuelle Stand
Authors: Prell Julian , Strauss Christian , Rampp Stefan , Szelenyi Andrea 
Published: October 2019

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Nach Operationen an Vestibularisschwannomen gehören funktionelle Defizite des Nervus facialis zu den bedeutendsten Komplikationen. Mit Hilfe des intraoperativen neurophysiologischen Monitorings (IONM) sollen diese möglichst verhindert werden.
Fragestellung Welche Methoden zur Intraoperativen Funktionsüberwachung sind aktuell in Gebrauch, welche Ziele können damit sinnvoll verfolgt werden und welche Schwachpunkte bedürfen einer weiteren wissenschaftlichen Aufarbeitung?
Material und Methoden Auswertung und Zusammenfassung der Literatur, Diskussion der vorhandenen Methoden und ihrer Fähigkeiten, die gesteckten Ziele zu erreichen.
Ergebnisse Aus dem IONM abgeleitete Methoden des sogenannten „Mappings“ sollen den Nervus Facialis intraoperativ sicher identifizieren. IONM soll potenziell schädigende Ereignisse anzeigen und eine Einschätzung über den zu erwartenden postoperativen Funktionszustand des Nervs erlauben. Derzeit verwendet werden die elektrische Direktstimulation, das freilaufende EMG, Evozierte Potenziale des Nervus Facialis (MEP) und das prozessierte EMG. Vor allem in der Ergebnisprognostik haben alle vorhandenen Methoden deutliche Schwächen.
Schlussfolgerungen Das „Mapping“ der Nerven im OP-Situs kann mittels der elektrischen Direktstimulation gut realisiert werden. Nervenschädigungen während der Präparation können mit den anderen Methoden des IONM entweder in Echtzeit (freilaufendes EMG; prozessiertes EMG) oder nahezu in Echtzeit (MEP) angezeigt werden. Die Vorhersage des postoperativen, funktionellen Ergebnisses wird derzeit bei allen verfügbaren Methoden durch falsch positive Untersuchungsergebnisse mit konsekutiv niedrigem positiv prädiktivem Wert belastet.
Clinical Characteristics and Challenges of Management of Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury in a Trauma Center of a Developing Country
Authors: Yusuf Ayodeji Salman , Mahmud Muhammad Raji , Alfin Dumura Jeneral , Gana Samue Isa , Timothy Samaila , Nwaribe Evaristus Emeka , Dalhat Nasir Kurfi , Aruna Ajibade Afeez , Idris Mohammed Mansur 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background Traumatic spinal cord injury (TSCI) is a major burden in trauma care worldwide. Most victims are young, and the injury results in economic loss and psychological and social burden on the individual and the society. The outcome depends on the severity of primary spinal cord injury, interventions to prevent secondary insults to the damaged cord, and access to a specialized care. The lack of standard prehospital care and dedicated facilities for spine care coupled with challenges of inadequate health insurance coverage impact negatively on the outcome of care in patients with spinal cord injury in our practice.
Objectives This study was performed to determine the clinical profile of patients with TSCI and to highlight the factors that determine the early outcome in a resource-constrained trauma center.
Materials and Methods  This study was a retrospective review of trauma registry and medical records of all the patients with acute TSCI at the National Trauma Center Abuja from September 2014 to December 2016.
Results A total of 133 patients with TSCI were studied. Most of these patients were young men with a mean age of 36 years. Most injury (72.2%) occurred following motor vehicular crash affecting mainly the cervical spinal cord (62.0%). None of the patients received standard prehospital care. Only 41.4% of the patients were transported to the hospital in an ambulance. About half (52.6%) of the patients suffered complete spinal cord injury (the American Spinal Injury Association [ASIA] A), and pressure ulcer was the most common complication (23.3%). Only 42% of the patients that needed surgical intervention were operated, mainly due to the inability to pay for the service. The ASIA grade on admission was the most significant determinant factor of morbidity and mortality.

Conclusion Optimal care of patients with TSCI was hindered by inadequate facilities and economic constraints.
Accuracy of Transcranial Doppler Ultrasound Compared with Magnetic Resonance Angiography in the Diagnosis of Intracranial Artery Stenosis
Authors: Jaiswal Sandip Kumar , Fu-ling Yan , Gu Lihua , Lico Renardo , Changyong Fu , Paula Angela 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background One of the most common causes of acute cerebral infarction (ACI) is intracranial artery stenosis (ICAS). The goal of our study was to evaluate the accuracy of transcranial Doppler (TCD) compared with magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) for diagnosing ICAS in patients with ACI.
Materials and Methods Consecutive patients presenting with ACI to the neurology department underwent both MRA and TCD examination within 6 hours of difference. To calculate the agreement between the results of MRA and TCD, kappa coefficient test was used. Sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative TCD predictive values have been calculated in comparison with MRA.
Results A total of 115 patients was included. There were 77 males (66.95%) and 38 females (33.04%). The mean age of patients was 68.32 ± 10.66 years (range 29–80). The agreement between TCD and MRA in detecting stenosis was 0.56 for anterior circulation artery (ACA), and 0.40 for posterior circulation artery. For the detection of ICAS, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive values were 85.9, 90.0, 98.2, and 50.0% for anterior cerebral artery and 73.5, 86.7, 96.2, and 40.0% for posterior cerebral artery, respectively.
Conclusions Moderate agreement of anterior circulation stenosis and fair agreement for posterior circulation stenosis was found between TCD and MRA in the evaluation of ICAS. In anterior circulation, the diagnostic accuracy of TCD is higher compared with the posterior circulation.
Prevalence and Correlates of Type D Personality among Survivors following Acute Myocardial Infarction in a Tertiary Care Center in South India
Authors: Pillai Anoop Gangadharan , Menon Vikas , Satheesh Santhosh 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background Type D personality, described as a consistent tendency to experience increased levels of social inhibition and negative affectivity, has a robust association with negative outcomes following myocardial infarction (MI). However, little is known about its determinants in our setting. Our aim was to assess the prevalence and correlates
of Type D personality among survivors following acute MI (AMI).
Methods Two hundred participants with AMI were recruited over an 18-month period. Type D scale-14 was used to evaluate the presence of Type D personality. Apart from sociodemographic factors, depression, anxiety, stress, coping, personality, quality of life, and perceived social support were assessed using standard measures.
Results Type D personality was present in 24% of samples (n = 48). In multivariate Poisson regression analysis, younger age (prevalence ratio [PR]: 0.950, 95% confidence intervals [CIs]: 0.927–0.974), high depression (PR: 1.372, 95% CI: 1.216–1.548), and low family support (PR: 0.898, 95% CI: 0.849–0.949) emerged as independent predictors of Type D personality in participants with AMI.
Conclusion Type D personality is seen in a significant proportion of AMI, consistent with global literature. Our findings suggest that among Indian patients with AMI, the presence or absence of Type D personality may represent two distinct subpopulations.
Interobserver Agreement on Clinical Judgment of Work of Breathing in Spontaneously Breathing Children in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit
Authors: de Groot Marcel G. , de Neef Marjorie , Otten Marieke H. , van Woensel Job B. M. , Bem Reinout A. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractClinical assessment of the work of breathing (WOB) remains a cornerstone in respiratory support decision-making in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). In this study, we determined the interobserver agreement of 30 observers (PICU physicians and nurses) on WOB and multiple signs of effort of breathing in 10 spontaneously breathing children admitted to the PICU. By reliability analysis, the agreement on overall WOB was poor to moderate, and only three separate signs of effort of breathing (breathing rate, stridor, and grunting) showed moderate-to-good interobserver reliability. We conclude that the interobserver agreement on the clinical WOB judgment among PICU physicians and nurses is low.
The Dubrava Model—A Novel Approach in Treating Acutely Neurotraumatized Patients in Rural Areas: A Proposal for Management
Authors: Orešković Darko , Raguž Marina , Almahariq Fadi , Dlaka Domagoj , Romić Dominik , Marčinković Petar , Kaštelančić Anđelo , Chudy Darko 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Introduction Neurotrauma is one of the leading causes of death and disabilities nowadays and represents one of the largest socioeconomic problems in rich countries, as well as developing ones. A satisfying, medically viable, and cost-effective model of managing acutely neurotraumatized patients, especially ones who come from distant and/or rural areas, has yet to be found. Patient outcome after acute neurotrauma depends on many factors of which the possibility of urgent treatment by an experienced specialist team has a crucial role. Here, we present our own way of managing acutely neurotraumatized patients from distant places which is unique in Croatia, the Dubrava model.
Methods We present our 5-year experience cooperating with general hospitals in four neighboring cities (Ĉakovec, Bjelovar, Sisak, and Koprivnica) in managing, operating, and taking care of acutely neurotraumatized patients.
Results More than 300 surgeries have been performed in these hospitals through the Dubrava model. Our experience so far provides encouraging results that this system could also be successfully implemented in other institutions. Furthermore, we recorded an increased number of surgeries each year, as well as a good mutual cooperation with the local general hospitals.
Discussion This trauma managing model is one of a kind in Croatia. We argue that it is not only better for the patients, providing them with better chances of survival, and disability-free recovery, but is also far superior in many ways to the dominant and currently prevalent way of treating these patients in other parts of Croatia.
Conclusion The Dubrava model of treating patients in rural and distant areas is a reliable and proven model with many benefits and as such its implementation should be considered in other institutions as well.
Megacraniectomy for Malignant Intracranial Hypertension: No Time for Caution
Authors: Chaudhary Prashant K. , Tripathi Manjul , Deora Harsh , Mohindra Sandeep , Buddhiraja Manish 
Published: October 2019

AbstractMalignant intracranial hypertension (IHT) intracranial tension (ICT) is a surgical emergency. Routine decompressive craniectomy may not be sufficient in reducing the malignant IHT. At present, we do not have the exact solution to this ominous situation. Authors came across a similar scenario where we had to go forward with modification of a previously known described procedure, removing bifrontal, temporal, and parietal bones including midline bone strip over a superior sagittal sinus in a case of resistant malignant ICT, following coiling of an anterior communicating artery aneurysm. This radical technique, named as megacraniectomy, was used as a last resort in a rapidly deteriorating patient. The patient survived the stormy phase of malignant ICT and showed significant improvement in neurological status. Authors here describe this approach as a novel idea to be explored in resource-stricken situations.
Glycyrrhiza glabra suppresses nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell proliferation through inhibiting the expression of lncRNA, AK027294
Authors: Zhang Bo , Yan Min , Zhang Wei , Ke Zhao-yang , Ma Ling-guo 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACT
Glycyrrhiza glabra is considered as potential drug for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). However, whether the long noncoding RNAs’ (lncRNAs) contributes to the anti-cancer function of this herb is unknown. In present study, we analyzed the differential expression of lncRNA between G. glabra-treated and untreated C666-1 cells. Out of those tumor-related lncRNAs, AK027294 had a strongest down-regulation upon G. glabra treatment. Knockdown of AK027294 suppresses the proliferation of C666-1 cells by inducing the apoptosis. Moreover, either G. glabra treatment or knockdown of AK027294 significantly increases the production of EZH1 (Enhancer of zeste 1 polycomb repressive complex 2 subunit). Collectively, we have identified a potential mechanism that the down-regulation of AK027294 contributes to the anti-cancer function of G. glabra and also provide the potential inter-relationship between AK027294 and EZH1.
Synthesis of nucleotide analogues, EFdA, EdA and EdAP, and the effect of EdAP on hepatitis B virus replication
Authors: Kamata Mai , Takeuchi Toshifumi , Hayashi Ei , Nishioka Kazane , Oshima Mizuki , Iwamoto Masashi , Nishiuchi Kota , Kamo Shogo , Tomoshige Shusuke , Watashi Koichi , Kamisuki Shinji , Ohrui Hiroshi , Sugawara Fumio , Kuramochi Kouji 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACT
4′-Ethynyl-2-fluoro-2′-deoxyadenosine (EFdA) and 4′-ethynyl-2′-deoxyadenosine (EdA) are nucleoside analogues which inhibit human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) reverse transcriptase. EdAP, a cyclosaligenyl (cycloSal) phosphate derivative of EdA, inhibits the replication of the influenza A virus. The common structural feature of these compounds is the ethynyl group at the 4′-position. In this study, these nucleoside analogues were prepared by a common synthetic strategy starting from the known 1,2-di-O-acetyl-D-ribofuranose. Biological evaluation of EdAP revealed that this compound reduced hepatitis B virus (HBV) replication dose-dependently without cytotoxicity against host cells tested in this study.
Impact of Physical and Chemical Properties of Municipal Solid Waste on its Electrical Power Rating Potential
Authors: Ibikunle R. A , Titiladunayo I.F , Akinnuli B.O , Osueke C.O , Dahunsi S.O , Olayanju A 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Waste-to-energy (WTE) management method, has been considered as the best option; because, it reduces the quantity of waste generated by about 71 %, and ensure energy recovery for efficient waste management. In this study, physical, chemical and the heating properties of the waste components, generated in Ilorin were determined. The heating value was modelled against the physicochemical properties of MSW components to ascertain their correlation. The electrical power rating potential of the MSW was determined using Dulong’s model. The regression model developed on the correlation analysis was used to predict the effect of the physicochemical properties on the heating value and the power generation potential. It was concluded that 1 % increase in fixed carbon and volatile matter, total carbon and Nitrogen content, increases electrical power rating by 8 %, 37 %, 21 % and 10.80 % respectively; while 1 % increase in moisture and hydrogen content, reduces the electrical power rating by 11 % and 69.3 % respectively.
Air pollution Indexes Over Buchanan: Danger and Control
Authors: Emetere M.E. , Emmanuel Okoro Emeka , Samuel Sanni E. , Akinyemi M.L. , Emetere J.M. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
In this paper, the air pollution state of Buchanan-Liberia was investigated. Fifteen years primary (aerosol optical depth) dataset was obtained from the Multi-angle Imaging Spectro-Radiometer (MISR). The secondary datasets that was generated from the primary dataset is a new concept to air quality monitoring i.e. aerosol loading. The statistical analysis of the dataset was also presented. The standard deviation of the AOD is found to be less than 0.15 and maximum AOD value of 1.15. The average aerosol loading over Buchanan is 0.87. Statistically, the difference between the first and third quartile of the dataset indicates that there is considerable dispersion of aerosol content into the atmosphere in the months of June and December. The dataset gives a preliminary insight on how aerosol loading can be used extensively for preliminary ground exploration in Buchanan.
Preliminary research as used by practising architects in Lagos, Nigeria
Authors: Oluwatayo A. , Ukwedeh J. , Okonoboh J. , Ahmed Z. , Onakoya A. , Nnatuanya M. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
A design process is universal and flexible, providing designers with a cyclic-path in thinking out solutions to design problems. A design process, therefore, acts as mediation between the design problem and design decisions through the three basic activities of 'analysis', 'synthesis' and 'evaluation'. Preliminary research is an important phase of the design process. The preliminary research stage of the design process is a vital tool in solving the design problem of a variety of clients the architect meets. The study aimed at accessing the use of preliminary research by practising architects in Lagos, Nigeria. The study found that preliminary research is being carried out by a large percentage of architects in Lagos, Nigeria and that preliminary research was found relatively relevant to their design at different stages. Case studies on previous projects and study of the proposed users of the design to identify their needs are the predominant methods used for preliminary research. The study recommends ways to improve the application of preliminary research in the practice form the start of architecture schools.
Citrus fruit peels extracts as light harvesters for efficient ZnO-based dye-sensitized solar cells
Authors: Adedokun Oluwaseun , Adedeji Olufunke Lydia , Awodele Mojoyinola Kofoworola , Bello Ismaila Taiwo , Awodugba Ayodeji Oladiran 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Our voracious consumption of fossil fuels at an exponentially increasing rate has led to global warming and climate change. As a result of these problems, it is crucial to exploreother sources of clean energy. The natural pigmentsextraction and the performancedetermination in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSCs)from fruit peels of citrus were presented in this paper. Extraction of natural dye of citrus fruit peels of Citrus paradisi, Citrus sinensis, Citrus limonumandCitrus tangelo were employed as light sensitizers in fabricating ZnO-based DSSCs. The natural pigments extracts characteristics were analyzedby UV-Vis absorption, Fourier transforms infra-red (FTIR) and Photoluminescence spectroscopy techniques. The semiconductor active layer material was synthesized and analyzed. The characteristics of photo-voltaic parameters for the invented DSSCs were studied under simulated sunlight. The presence of chlorophyll derivative in most of the extracted dyes is evident as the core pigments with additional accessory pigments. The conversion efficiencies of sunlight to electrical energy of pheophytin ‘a’ dye ZnO based solar cells are calculated to be 0.028%, 0.013%, 0.004% and 0.022% for Citrus paradisi, Citrus sinensis, Citrus limonumand Citrus tangelo, respectively. Better performance of photo-sensitized was observed for the extracts of Citrus paradisicompared to the other extracts and this may be owing to the better charge transfer between the pigments of Citrus paradisi and surface of ZnOphotoactive layer. The conversion of visible light to electricitywas produced from natural pigments and ZnO photoactive layerbased DSSCs, resulted into superb photo-electric characteristics.
Co-digestion of cow dung with organic kitchen waste to produce biogas using Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Ojewumi M. E. , Ogele P. C. , Oyekunle D.T. , Omoleye J.A. , Taiwo S. O. , Obafemi Y. D. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The anaerobic digestion process for biogas production was investigated on food waste (FW) and cow dung (CD) using Pseudomonas aeruginosa as inoculum. The food waste and cow dung were co-digested as the substrate with bacteria (P. aeruginosa). Five digesters were prepared to observe the maximum gas production potential, methane production rate and duration for biogas production. Food waste (FW) was co-digested with bacteria in two proportions (1:5ml, 1:10ml) and co-digested with Cow dung (CD) in two proportions (1:1, 1:0.5). The digesters were all operated in batch process under mesophilic condition (35ºC). The daily weights of the tubes were measure and some physical characteristics of the substrate were determined before and after the process. Production of gas started 3-4 days after commencement for the digesters with cow dung, 4-5days for the digesters with bacteria and 3 days with only food waste. Food waste with 1kg, cow dung produced the most biogas with a cumulative volume of 88.5g/kg. The highest concentration of biogas was found in the 1st

digester consisting of 2kg CD and 2kg FW with a methane content of 52% and 48% CO2. The availability and renewable nature of food waste, ease of management of biogas produced and development of energy makes biogas a better option than the use of fossil fuel to the much-awaited solution to the energy crisis in Nigeria and developing countries.
Assessment of the effectiveness of maintenance management systems in delivering quality maintenance services in higher institutions
Authors: Oluwatobi A.O. , Alli-Johnson V.A. , Ayedun C.A. , Akinjare O.A. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The study assessed the effectiveness of maintenance and management systems in delivering quality maintenance services in higher institutions of learning with specific focus on the University of Lagos. There is the need for effectiveness in the management of educational buildings, facilities and supporting services. Self-structured questionnaires were administered to one hundred and ninety-one questionnaires (191) resident students of the University of Lagos, and three (3) to the maintenance executives of the Works and Physical Planning Department of the University of Lagos, with response rates of 71.73% and 100% respectively. Data collected where analysed using a combination of the Mean ranking and T-Test. Findings revealed a general dissatisfaction with the service quality delivered as the maintenance management system was not adjudged to be as effective as expected as various obstacles and factors influence the acceptable standard and quality of maintenance. The study recommended that the maintenance management team should improve on the effectiveness of their service delivery, by improving the rate of responsiveness of the maintenance staff through thorough training of skill and technical know-how.