bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Topical skin therapies in subjects undergoing full facial rejuvenation
Authors: Dayan Steven H. , Bacos Jonathan T. , Ho Thuy‐Van T. , Gandhi Nimit D. , Gutierrez‐Borst Selika , Kalbag Arjun 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBackgroundCosmeceutical therapies including face washes, moisturizers, chemical peels and antioxidant formulations are intended to improve the esthetic appearance of skin. The use of these products as adjuncts to full facial rejuvenation with hyaluronic acid filler and abobotulinumtoxinA may improve cosmetic and socio‐esthetic outcomes.ObjectiveTo characterize the effect of skin care products in subjects undergoing full facial rejuvenation with abobotulinumtoxinA and hyaluronic acid in improving facial skin appearance, patient satisfaction, and projected first impressions.MethodsTwenty subjects were recruited and divided into two treatment groups. Subjects in Group A followed a standard skin care regimen, whereas subjects in Group B received a more robust skin care regimen including chemical peels and antioxidant formulations. All subjects underwent facial rejuvenation treatments with hyaluronic acid at Visit 2 and with abobotulinumtoxinA at Visit 7. Patient esthetic improvement, satisfaction, self‐esteem, and first impression were evaluated via the Fitzpatrick Wrinkle Assessment Scale, Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale, Skin Quality Assessment, Heatherton & Polivy State Self‐Esteem Scale, Subject Satisfaction Scale, and the First Impressions Questionnaire.ResultsBoth treatment groups experienced significant improvements in the Skin Quality Assessment, Fitzpatrick Wrinkle Assessment Scale, Heatherton and Polivy State Self‐Esteem Scale, and First Impressions Questionnaire.ConclusionThe cosmeceutical therapies used in this study in combination with abobotulinumtoxinA and hyaluronic acid filler improved subjects’ skin quality, self‐esteem, and projected first impressions. Larger studies are needed to determine the most efficacious combination of topical skin therapies with facial rejuvenation therapy.
Loss of alveolar bone density in postmenopausal, osteopenic women is associated with circulating levels of gelatinases
Authors: Thompson David M. , Lee Hsi‐Ming , Stoner Julie A. , Golub Lorne M. , Nummikoski Pirkka V. , Payne Jeffrey B. 
Published: April 2019

ObjectiveTo determine whether circulating levels of two matrix metalloproteinases, MMP‐2 and MMP‐9, are associated with loss of alveolar bone density (ABD) or height (ABH), or with progression of periodontitis (relative clinical attachment level [RCAL]), among postmenopausal women with local and systemic bone loss.BackgroundThis study was planned as part of a 2‐year randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, clinical trial examining efficacy/safety of subantimicrobial dose doxycycline (20 mg bid) in postmenopausal osteopenic women. This study examines whether serum levels of gelatinases are associated with local changes in the periodontium.MethodsA sample of 113 women received periodontal maintenance for moderate to advanced chronic periodontitis and consented to analysis of stored serum biomarkers. Posterior vertical bitewings were taken, and serum collected, at baseline, one, and 2 years. ABD was determined by computer‐assisted densitometric image analysis (CADIA), ABH by the Hausmann et al (1992, J Periodontol 63, 657) method, and RCAL by Florida Probe (every 6 months). MMPs were measured densitometrically on gelatin zymograms using denatured type I collagen as substrate and purified MMP‐2 (72 kDa) and MMP‐9 (92 kDa) as standards. Evidence of worsening in the periodontium at a tooth site was defined as a change from baseline of, for ABD, at least 14 densitometric units (for subcrestal locations) or 17 units (for crestal locations); of at least 0.4 mm for ABH; and of at least 1.5 mm for RCAL. Logistic regression models, while accounting for clustering, compared the odds of worsening in ABD, ABH, or RCAL, after 2 years of observation, between groups defined by baseline and concurrent levels of serum gelatinases.ResultsChanges in ABH and RCAL were not associated with circulating levels of MMP‐2 or MMP‐9. However, elevated odds of ABD loss over 24 months were associated, among smokers, with both baseline and concurrent levels of MMP‐9 in the middle and highest tertile, and with concurrent levels of MMP‐2 in the middle (but not the highest) tertile. Elevated odds of ABD loss were also associated, among women within 5 years of menopause, with baseline levels of MMP‐2 in the highest tertile.ConclusionAmong postmenopausal osteopenic women, loss of ABD was associated, in smokers, with elevated circulating levels of MMP‐9 and MMP‐2. In those within 5 years of menopause, ABD loss was associated with elevated circulating levels of MMP‐2.
Relations of liver fat with prevalent and incident chronic kidney disease in the Framingham Heart Study: A secondary analysis
Authors: Wilechansky Robert M. , Pedley Alison , Massaro Joseph M. , Hoffmann Udo , Benjamin Emelia J. , Long Michelle T. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBackground & AimsPrior studies demonstrated an association between non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease and chronic kidney disease (CKD), though data are conflicting. We examined the association between liver fat and prevalent and incident CKD in the Framingham Heart Study (FHS).MethodsWe included FHS participants who underwent computed tomography (CT) from 2002 to 2005 (n = 1315). After excluding heavy alcohol use (n = 211) and missing covariates (n = 117), the final sample included 987 participants. For the incident CKD analysis, we excluded 73 participants with prevalent CKD. Liver fat was measured by the average liver attenuation on CT. Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was obtained using the CKD Epidemiology Collaboration Creatinine‐Cystatin C equation, and CKD was defined as eGFR < 60 ml/min/1.73 m2. Microalbuminuria was defined by sex‐specific urinary albumin‐creatinine ratio cut‐offs. Multivariable‐adjusted regression models were performed to determine the association between liver fat and CKD.ResultsThe prevalence of hepatic steatosis and CKD were 19% and 14% respectively (55.9% women, mean age 60 ± 9 years). After adjusting for covariates, we observed no significant associations between liver fat and CKD, microalbuminuria or eGFR in cross‐sectional analyses. We observed positive associations between liver fat, incident microalbuminuria and reduced eGFR in age‐ and sex‐adjusted models; these relationships were not significant in multivariable‐adjusted models.ConclusionsIn this community‐based cohort study, we did not observe significant associations between liver fat and prevalent or incident CKD with a median follow‐up time of 12.5 years. The association between NAFLD and CKD may be accounted for by shared risk factors; confirmatory studies are needed.
The Analysis and Forecasting of Tennis Matches by using a High Dimensional Dynamic Model
Authors: Gorgi P. , Koopman S. J. , Lit R. 
Published: April 2019

SummaryWe propose a high dimensional dynamic model for tennis match results with time varying player-specific abilities for different court surface types. Our statistical model can be treated in a likelihood-based analysis and can handle high dimensional data sets while the number of parameters remains small. In particular, we analyse 17 years of tennis matches for a panel of over 500 players, which leads to more than 2000 dynamic strength levels. We find that time varying player-specific abilities for different court surfaces are of key importance for analysing tennis matches. We further consider several other extensions including player-specific explanatory variables and the match configurations for Grand Slam tournaments. The estimation results can be used to construct rankings of players for different court surface types. We finally show that our proposed model produces accurate forecasts. We provide evidence that our model significantly outperforms existing models in the forecasting of tennis match results.
Training-Induced Changes in the Respiratory Compensation Point, Deoxyhemoglobin Break Point, and Maximal Lactate Steady State: Evidence of Equivalence
Authors: Inglis Erin Calaine , Iannetta Danilo , Keir Daniel A. , Murias Juan M. 
Published: April 2019

Purpose: To evaluate whether the coherence in the oxygen uptake () associated with the respiratory compensation point (RCP), near-infrared spectroscopy-derived muscle deoxyhemoglobin ([HHb]) break point ([HHb]BP), and maximal lactate steady state (MLSS) would persist at the midpoint and endpoint of a 7-month training and racing season. Methods: Eight amateur male cyclists were tested in 3 separate phases over the course of a cycling season (PRE, MID, and POST). Testing at each phase included a ramp-incremental test to exhaustion to determine RCP and [HHb]BP. The PRE and POST phases also included constant power output rides to determine MLSS. Results: Compared with PRE, at both RCP and [HHb]BP was greater at MID (delta: RCP 0.23 [0.14] L·min−1, [HHb]BP 0.33 [0.17] L·min−1) and POST (delta: RCP 0.21 [0.12], [HHb]BP 0.30 [0.14] L·min−1) (P < .05). at MLSS also increased from PRE to POST (delta: 0.17 [12] L·min−1) (P < .05). was not different at RCP, [HHb]BP, and MLSS at PRE (3.74 [0.34], 3.64 [0.40], 3.78 [0.23] L·min−1) or POST (3.96 [0.25], 3.95 [0.32], 3.94 [0.18] L·min−1) respectively, and RCP (3.98 [0.33] L·min−1) and [HHb]BP (3.97 [0.34] L·min−1) were not different at MID (P > .05). PRE–MID and PRE–POST changes in associated with RCP, [HHb]BP, and MLSS were strongly correlated (range: r = .85–.90) and demonstrated low mean bias (range = −.09 to .12 L·min−1). Conclusions: At all measured time points, at RCP, [HHb]BP, and MLSS were not different. Irrespective of phase comparison, direction, or magnitude of changes, intraindividual changes between each index were strongly related, indicating that interindividual differences were reflected in the group mean response and that their interrelationships are beyond coincidental.
The Impact of Preconditioning Strategies Designed to Improve 2000-m Rowing Ergometer Performance in Trained Rowers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Turnes Tiago , Cruz Rogério S.O. , Caputo Fabrizio , De Aguiar Rafael A. 
Published: April 2019

Purpose: The 2000-m rowing-ergometer test is the most common measure of rowing performance. Because athletes use different intervention strategies for enhancing performance, investigating the effect of preconditioning strategies on the 2000-m test is of great relevance. This study evaluated the effects of different preconditioning strategies on 2000-m rowing-ergometer performance in trained rowers. Methods: A search of electronic databases (PubMed, Google Scholar, and Web of Science) identified 27 effects of different preconditioning strategies from 17 studies. Outcomes were calculated as percentage differences between control and experimental interventions, and data were presented as mean ± 90% confidence interval. Performance data were converted to the same metrics, that is, mean power. Meta-regression analyses were conducted to assess whether performance level or caffeine dose could affect the percentage change. Results: The overall beneficial effect on 2000-m mean power was 2.1% (90% confidence limit [CL] ±0.6%). Training status affected the percentage change with interventions, with a −1.1% (90% CL ±1.2%) possible small decrease for 1.0-W·kg−1 increment in performance baseline. Caffeine consumption most likely improves performance, with superior effect in higher doses (≥6 mg·kg−1). Sodium bicarbonate and beta-alanine consumption resulted in likely (2.6% [90% CL ±1.5%]) and very likely (1.4% [90% CL ±1.2%]) performance improvements, respectively. However, some preconditioning strategies such as heat acclimation, rehydration, and creatine resulted in small to moderate enhancements in 2000-m performance. Conclusions: Supplementation of caffeine and beta-alanine is a popular and effective strategy to improve 2000-m ergometer performance in trained rowers. Additional research is warranted to confirm the benefit of other strategies to 2000-m rowing-ergometer performance.
Verbal Instruction Reduces Patellofemoral Joint Loading During Bodyweight Squatting
Authors: Almonroeder Thomas G. , Watkins Emily , Widenhoefer Tricia 
Published: April 2019

Context: The bodyweight squat exercise is a common component for treatment and prevention of patellofemoral pain; however, it can also place a high load on the patellofemoral joint. Restricting anterior motion of the knees relative to the toes during squatting appears to reduce patellofemoral loading. However, exercise professionals typically rely on verbal instructions to alter squat technique. Objective: To evaluate the influence of verbal instructions regarding squat technique on patellofemoral joint loading. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Motion analysis laboratory. Participants: Eleven uninjured females. Intervention: Participants performed bodyweight squats before (baseline) and after receiving verbal instructions to limit anterior knee motion. Two different types of verbal instruction were used, one intended to promote an internal focus of attention and the other intended to promote an external focus of attention. Three-dimensional kinematics and kinetics were recorded using a multicamera system and force plate. Main Outcome Measures: Sagittal plane patellofemoral joint forces and stress were estimated using a musculoskeletal model. Results: Participants demonstrated a reduction in patellofemoral joint forces (35.4 vs 31.3 N/kg; P = .01) and stress (10.7 vs 9.2 mPa; P = .002) after receiving instructions promoting an internal focus of attention, compared with their baseline trials. Participants also demonstrated a reduction in patellofemoral joint forces (35.4 vs 32.3 N/kg; P = .03) and stress (10.7 vs 9.6 mPa; P = .04) after receiving instructions promoting an external focus of attention (vs baseline). However, there were no significant differences in patellofemoral forces (P = .84) or stress (P = .41) for trials performed with an internal versus external attentional focus. Conclusion: It appears that verbal instruction regarding knee position influences patellofemoral joint loading during squatting.
Comparison of Protonics™ Knee Brace With Sport Cord on Knee Pain and Function in Patients With Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Alshaharani Mastour S. , Lohman Everett B. , Bahjri Khaled , Harp Travis , Alameri Mansoor , Jaber Hatem , Daher Noha S. 
Published: April 2019

Context:Protonics™knee brace has been suggested as an intervention for patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome. However, the effectiveness of this knee brace compared with traditional conservative methods knee rehabilitation is lacking.Objective:To compare the effect of Protonics™knee brace versus sport cord on knee pain and function in patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome.Design:Randomized controlled trial.Setting:Loma Linda University.Participants:There were 41 subjects with patellofemoral pain with a mean age of 28.8 (5.0) years and body mass index of 25.6 (4.7) kg/m2participated in the study.Intervention:Subjects were randomized to 1 of 2 treatment groups, the Protonics™knee brace (n = 21) or the sport cord (n = 20) to complete a series of resistance exercises over the course of 4 weeks.Main Outcome Measures:Both groups were evaluated according to the following clinical outcomes: anterior pelvic tilt, hip internal/external rotation, and iliotibial band flexibility. The following functional outcomes were also assessed: Global Rating of Change Scale, the Kujala score, the Numeric Pain Rating Scale, and the lateral step-down test.Results:Both groups showed significant improvement in the outcome measures. However, the Protonics™knee brace was more effective than the sport cord for the Global Rating of Change Scale over time (immediate 1.0 [2.1] vs post 2 wk 3.0 [2.2] vs 4 wk 4.6 [2.3] in the Protonics™brace compared with 0.0 [2.1] vs 1.3 [2.2] vs 3.0 [2.3] in the sport cord,P < .01), suggesting greater satisfaction.Conclusions:Both study groups had significant improvements in the clinical and functional symptoms of patellofemoral pain. The Protonics™knee brace group was significantly more satisfied with their outcome. However, the sport cord may be a more feasible and cost-effective method that yields similar results in patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome.
Pre-eclampsia and risk of later kidney disease: nationwide cohort study
Authors: Kristensen Jonas H , Basit Saima , Wohlfahrt Jan , Damholt Mette Brimnes , Boyd Heather A 
Published: April 2019

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo investigate associations between pre-eclampsia and later risk of kidney disease.DesignNationwide register based cohort study.SettingDenmark.PopulationAll women with at least one pregnancy lasting at least 20 weeks between 1978 and 2015.Main outcome measureHazard ratios comparing rates of kidney disease between women with and without a history of pre-eclampsia, stratified by gestational age at delivery and estimated using Cox regression.ResultsThe cohort consisted of 1 072 330 women followed for 19 994 470 person years (average 18.6 years/woman). Compared with women with no previous pre-eclampsia, those with a history of pre-eclampsia were more likely to develop chronic renal conditions: hazard ratio 3.93 (95% confidence interval 2.90 to 5.33, for early preterm pre-eclampsia (delivery <34 weeks); 2.81 (2.13 to 3.71) for late preterm pre-eclampsia (delivery 34-36 weeks); 2.27 (2.02 to 2.55) for term pre-eclampsia (delivery ≥37 weeks). In particular, strong associations were observed for chronic kidney disease, hypertensive kidney disease, and glomerular/proteinuric disease. Adjustment for cardiovascular disease and hypertension only partially attenuated the observed associations. Stratifying the analyses on time since pregnancy showed that associations between pre-eclampsia and chronic kidney disease and glomerular/proteinuric disease were much stronger within five years of the latest pregnancy (hazard ratio 6.11 (3.84 to 9.72) and 4.77 (3.88 to 5.86), respectively) than five years or longer after the latest pregnancy (2.06 (1.69 to 2.50) and 1.50 (1.19 to 1.88). By contrast, associations between pre-eclampsia and acute renal conditions were modest.Conclusions Pre-eclampsia, particularly early preterm pre-eclampsia, was strongly associated with several chronic renal disorders later in life. More research is needed to determine which women are most likely to develop kidney disease after pre-eclampsia, what mechanisms underlie the association, and what clinical follow-up and interventions (and in what timeframe post-pregnancy) would be most appropriate and effective.
Comparing alternative follow-up strategies for patients with stable coeliac disease
Authors: Pritchard Lucy , Waters Carolyn , Murray Iain Alexander , Bebb James , Lewis Stephen 
Published: April 2019

BackgroundOnce clinically stable, patients with coeliac disease should have annual follow-up. Lack of capacity in gastroenterology outpatient clinics mean alternatives are required.ObjectivesWe studied the effectiveness of follow-up deferred to general practitioners (GP-FU) and compared this with a neighbouring Trust where follow-up was through a dedicated nurse-led telephone clinic (T-FU).DesignAll patients with coeliac disease were posted a questionnaire examining patient satisfaction, adherence with gluten-free diet and calcium intake.Results517 of 825 patients (62.7%) completed a postal questionnaire (median age 61, 72% female). 28% of GP-FU and 84% of T-FU patients received an annual review. Of those seen, 33% (GP-FU) and 53% (T-FU) were weighed (χ265.8, p<0.001), 44% and 63% had symptom review (χ281.1, p<0.001) and 33% and 51% had dietary adherence checked (χ260.6, p<0.001). Almost all patients considered their adherence with gluten-free diet (GFD) good or excellent, although the majority of patients failed to achieve the recommended daily intake of calcium. GP-FU patients were more likely to receive calcium±vitamin D supplements (77% vs 42%, χ288.2, p<0.001) and they were also more likely to receive appropriate vaccinations (67% vs 38%, χ217.6, p<0.001).ConclusionsDischarge of patients with coeliac disease to primary-care in many cases results in their complete loss to follow-up. When patients were reviewed, either by GP-FU and T-FU, many aspects of their care are not addressed. Whether this will result in late complications remains to be seen.
Increased levels of sST2 in patients with mitral annulus disjunction and ventricular arrhythmias
Authors: Scheirlynck Esther , Dejgaard Lars A , Skjølsvik Eystein , Lie Oyvind H , Motoc Andreea , Hopp Einar , Tanaka Kaoru , Ueland T , Ribe Margareth , Collet Carlos , Edvardsen Thor , Droogmans Steven , Cosyns Bernard , Haugaa Kristina H 
Published: April 2019

ObjectiveDisplacement of the mitral valve, mitral annulus disjunction (MAD), is described as a possible aetiology of sudden cardiac death. Stress-induced fibrosis in the mitral valve apparatus has been suggested as the underlying mechanism. We aimed to explore the association between stretch-related and fibrosis-related biomarkers and ventricular arrhythmias in MAD. We hypothesised that soluble suppression of tumourigenicity-2 (sST2) and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGFβ1) are markers of ventricular arrhythmias in patients with MAD.MethodsWe included patients with ≥1 mm MAD on cardiac MRI. We assessed left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and fibrosis by late gadolinium enhancement (LGE). The occurrence of ventricular arrhythmia, defined as aborted cardiac arrest, sustained or non-sustained ventricular tachycardia, was retrospectively assessed. We assessed circulating sST2 and TGFβ1 levels.ResultsWe included 72 patients with MAD, of which 22 (31%) had ventricular arrhythmias. Patients with ventricular arrhythmias had lower LVEF (60 % (±6) vs 63% (±6), p = 0.04), more frequently papillary muscle fibrosis (14 (64%) vs 10 (20%), p < 0.001) and higher sST2 levels (31.6 ± 10.1 ng/mL vs 25.3 ± 9.2 ng/mL, p = 0.01) compared with those without, while TGFβ1 levels did not differ (p = 0.29). Combining sST2 level, LVEF and papillary muscle fibrosis optimally detected individuals with arrhythmia (area under the curve 0.82, 95% CI 0.73 to 0.92) and improved the risk model (p < 0.05) compared with single parameters.ConclusionCirculating sST2 levels were higher in patients with MAD and ventricular arrhythmias compared with arrhythmia-free patients. Combining sST2, LVEF and LGE assessment improved risk stratification in patients with MAD.
Taste Function in Healthy Taiwanese Adults
Authors: Jiang Rong-San , Lin Wen-Jiun 
Published: April 2019

Objective: In this work, our aim was to measure the taste function of healthy Taiwanese adults using 2 commonly used taste tests. Methods: The taste function of 102 healthy Taiwanese adults was evaluated using the whole-mouth suprathreshold taste test and the taste quad test. In the whole-mouth taste test, 5 concentrations of sweet, bitter, sour, and salty solutions were sipped and swished in the mouth twice in a counterbalanced order. A total of 40 tests were done to give a maximum score of 40 for correct quality identification of tastant solutions. In the taste quad test, the 4 quadrants of the tongue were tested using high concentration drops of sweet, bitter, sour, and salty solutions 6 times. A total of 96 tests were done to give a maximum score of 96 for correct quality identification of tastant solutions. Results: The score of the whole-mouth taste test ranged from 33 to 40 with a mean of 38.6 for men and from 31 to 40 with a mean of 38.9 for women. The score of the taste quad test ranged from 40 to 91 with a mean of 75 for men and from 38 to 96 with a mean of 78 for women. Sex was shown not to affect the taste function. Conclusions: Our result showed that sex did not affect the taste function of healthy Taiwanese adults.