bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Information as the Image of Thought: A Deleuzian Analysis
Authors: Adkins Brent 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACTIn this essay I take up the scope and nature of information in its relation to thought. To be precise, I argue that information constitutes the contemporary image of thought and, although information has become ubiquitous, we can date its arrival to Hayek's 1945 essay “The Use of Knowledge in Society.” Information is no longer merely a metaphor for thinking about or describing thought, I suggest; rather, information is, at bottom, the sole content of thought and thinking is nothing other than the processing of information.
Distribution statistique de la taille imaginale de Pterostichus madidus (Fabricius, 1775) dans les plaines de l’est de la France : de la nécessité de rechercher ses composantes géographiques et historiques
Authors: LOUBÈRE Michel , VALLET Anne , PROST Monique , TRÉCA Marlène , FRANÇOIS Nicolas 
Published: September 2019

Pterostichus madidus (Fabricius, 1775) imaginal body size is defined as the distance between elytron and mandible tips, when mandibles lay in their resting position. Its statistical distribution was estimated from 658 specimens, that had been pitfall-trapped in the 2007-2016 year span along a northward transect across the French lowlands of Côte-d’Or, Meurthe-et-Moselle and Moselle. The sampling targeted exploited, protected and unmanaged woodlands. It involved one national and two regional nature reserves. No response to the deliberately restricted elevational range was detected. Females displayed the more obvious response to the latitudinal shift, which took the form of a steep inversed Bergmann’s cline. The ones, that originated from the transect southernmost end were found to be 0.7 millimeters longer on average. Though males variance turned out to be heterogeneous and their latitudinal cline to be made looser by some important local variation, no significant southward increase of sexual dimorphism could be demonstrated. Specimens pooled from our 2012-2016 collections in Côte-d’Or were compared to an additional museum sample, that gathered beetles obtained from the same or neighboring locations in 1978-1998. It was observed, that the 2012-2016 females had lengthened by an average amount of 0.7 mm, thus yielding a first coleopteran case of a generational shift for a terrestrial species observed within its natural range and under natural conditions. Given the phenomenon spatial scale, the likelihood of it being a response to climate change is discussed considering knowledge gaps about larval trophic network and theoretical models of ectotherm organisms reaction to temperature increase.
Increasing Cigarette Excise Tax Prevents Smoking Initiation in Children and Finances National Health Insurance in Indonesia
Authors: Purnamasari Ayu Tyas , Pujiyanto Pujiyanto , Thabrany Hasbullah , Nurhasana Renny , Satrya Aryana , Dartanto Teguh 
Published: September 2019

AbstractIndonesia has ranked third among countries with the highest number of smokers in Asia because the price of cigarettes in those countries is still affordable. The strategy to make the price of cigarettes is not affordable is increasing cigarette excise tax. This instrument is considered the most effective way to control cigarette consumption. The purpose of this study was to find out how the public perceive the increase of the cigarette excise tax to cover the National Health Insurance (NHI) deficit and to identify the factors which affect such perception. This study used mobile phone survey and the sample were 1000 respondents. The list of potential respondent’s mobile phone numbers was selected using the systematic random sampling method with an interval of 100,000 to 200,000. The result showed that 87.9% respondents agree to increase cigarette price so that the children do not start to smoke. The majority of respondents (86.2%) also agree to increase the price of cigarettes to finance the JKN deficit. Perceptions of respondents who agreed to increase the price of cigarettes to prevent smoking initiation in children also tended to accede the increase in cigarette prices for financing the JKN deficit. Abstrak Indonesia menempati peringkat ketika jumlah perokok tertinggi di Asia karena harga rokok masih terjangkau. Strategi agar harga rokok tidak terjangkau adalah menaikkan cukai rokok. Instrumen tersebut dinilai paling efektif untuk mengendalikan konsumsi rokok. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana persepsi masyarakat terhadap kenaikan cukai rokok untuk pembiayaan Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional (JKN) dan mengidentifikasi faktor yang memengaruhi persepsi tersebut. Metode penelitian menggunakan survei melalui telepon dengan sampel 1000 responden. Daftar nomor telepon seluler calon responden dipilih dengan cara systematic random sampling interval 100.000 sampai 200.000. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 87,9% setuju harga rokok dinaikkan agar anak-anak tidak mulai merokok. Mayoritas responden (86,2%) juga setuju mengenai kenaikan harga rokok untuk pembiayaan defisit JKN. Persepsi responden yang setuju terhadap kenaikan harga rokok agar mencegah inisisasi merokok pada anak-anak juga cenderung setuju terhadap kenaikan harga rokok untuk pembiayaan defisit JKN.
Impact of Local Global Warming on Rainfall and Annual Cocoa Water Requirements in the Regions of Lôh-Djiboua and Gôh in West-central Côte d'Ivoire
Authors: Ehounou Jean-Noël , Kouamé Brou , Tahi Mathias G. , Kassin Emmanuel K. , Dékoula Charles S. , Yao Guy F. , Kouadio Hypolith K. , N’guessan Angelo E. B. , Soro Nagnin 
Published: September 2019

Aims: To understand the role of the interannual variability of cumulative rainfall and maximum dry sequences in cocoa production in the Centre-Ouest, one of the cocoa basins in Côte d'Ivoire, in order to propose technical routes more adapted to current rainfall conditions.
Study Design: Collection, analysis and processing of daily rainfall data collected by the rain gauges at Divo and Gagnoa stations.
Location and Duration of Studies: Divo Cocoa Research Station of the National Center for Agricultural Research, between January 2017 and June 2019.
Methodology: The rainfall regime of each locality was determined to assess the impact of rainfall changes on the seasonality of rainfall. The interannual variability of rainfall was studied from the reduced centred rainfall indices. The break years in the time series were detected at both stations from the Khrono Stat software. The interannual cumulative rainfall were analysed for each station and compared to the minimum threshold allowed for cocoa trees. The means of the maximum interannual dry sequences and their probabilities of occurrence were determined using the agrometeorological software called Instat + Version 3.37.
Results: The rainfall regime in the area studied (west-central Côte d'Ivoire) has not been modified by the post-rupture rainfall recession as is the case in other parts of the country; it remains a bimodal system characterized by two rainy seasons and two dries during the year. The Divo and Gagnoa regions have been facing a general recession in rainfall since 1966 in Gagnoa and 1972 in Divo. However, the locality of Gagnoa has experienced an increase in rainfall since 2000. Most of the rupture detection tests identified rainfall rupture dates identical to those indicated by the interannual variability highlighted by the rainfall indices. In Gagnoa and Divo, the interannual cumulative rainfalls after the years of rainfall break are reduced compared to those before these rainfall accidents. This situation has led to an increase in the maximum interannual dry sequences in the departments studied.
Conclusion: Local climate change has created difficult rainfall conditions after years of rainfall break for cocoa trees as their water needs are increasingly reduced, especially in Divo in Lôh-Djiboua where the downward trend in rainfall has been continuous since 1972. In Gagnoa since the beginning of this century, there has been a new wet period that allows rainfall to adequately meet the cocoa tree's water requirements.
Anti-arthritic Activity of a Herbal Formulation (Jointeez) in Albino Wistar Rats
Authors: Elechi-Amadi Kemzi N. , Nwachuku Edna O. , Tamuno-Emine Davies G. , Nduka Nsirim , Briggs Ojoye N. , Teme Raphael 
Published: September 2019

Aim: This study evaluated the anti-arthritic activity of a herbal formulation used in the management of rheumatoid arthritis in Nigeria.
Design: Thirty-five (35) albino wistar rats were used. They were divided into seven groups of seven rats each, with Group A serving as negative control while Group B was the positive control. Groups B, C, D and E were induced with rheumatoid arthritis by injecting 0.1 ml of Complete Freund’s Adjuvant into the right hind paw of each rat. The rats were treated with the standard drug and herbal formulation respectively for 28 days as follows: Group C (treated with a standard drug, Celebrex), Group D (treated with the herbal drug, Jointeez), Group E (treated with a combination therapy of Jointeez and Celebrex). At the end of the 28-day treatment period, the rats were anaesthesized with chloroform and sacrificed through puncture of the jugular vein. Five millilitres (5 ml) of blood samples were put into plain bottles for the analysis of biochemical parameters.
Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted in the Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Rivers State University, from September to December, 2018.
Methodology: The inflammatory markers, tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin 6 (IL-6) and C-reactive protein, were analysed using ELISA technique.
Results: The levels of TNF-α (p<0.001), IL-6 (p =0.01) and C-reactive protein (p <0.001) were significantly reduced in the treated rats compared to the positive control group. There were significant reduction in the paw diameters of the treated rats (p <0.001). The combination therapy used in this study did not offer significantly different therapeutic advantage over the monotherapies used in this study. The herbal formulation used in this study offered similar therapeutic activities as the orthodox drug used in this study.
Conclusion: The herbal formulations can be used as safe therapies for the management of rheumatoid arthritis in our population. It is recommended that herbal formulations be integrated into our healthcare system in the management of rheumatoid arthritis.
Abstraction and Informality Generate a New Aesthetic An Interview with Kazuyo Sejima
Authors: Reisner Yael 
Published: September 2019

AbstractSome believe that creating iconic architecture is done from the outside in, yet Tokyo‐based practice SANAA designs from the inside out, allowing opportunities for spatial flexibility for the users of their buildings to discover over time. Guest‐Editor Yael Reisner interviewed co‐founder Kazuyo Sejima to reveal the practice's approach to architectural beauty – a world of elegant minimalism, diffused light and new formal abstraction.
New Solids and Massive Forms
Authors: Dubbeldam Winka 
Published: September 2019

AbstractDigital manufacturing has facilitated opportunities of surface patterning and the fabrication of one‐off special building components, removing the constraints of standardisation in the construction industry. Winka Dubbeldam, Chair and Miller Professor of Architecture at PennDesign at the University of Pennsylvania, expresses her current interest in massive architectural objects, as opposed to minimal forms, that instead of being an agglomeration of orthogonal planes and straight lines, are full bodied and sometimes voluptuous.
The Geometry of Seduction: Considerations of Beauty from Noun to Verb
Authors: Garcia David A 
Published: September 2019

AbstractCan the noun ‘beauty’ be repurposed as a verb? Can beauty manifest itself in the act of making architecture to become a ‘doing word’? David A Garcia thinks so. His notion of beauty is illustrated through his recent work as Associate Professor at the Royal Danish Academy of Fine Arts (KADK) and with his practice MAP Architects, which uses art and technology to produce architecture in extreme arctic environments.
Guided‐Mode Resonances in All‐Dielectric Terahertz Metasurfaces
Authors: Han Song , Rybin Mikhail V. , Pitchappa Prakash , Srivastava Yogesh Kumar , Kivshar Yuri S. , Singh Ranjan 
Published: September 2019

AbstractCoupling of diffracted waves in gratings with the waveguide modes gives rise to the guided mode resonances (GMRs). The GMRs provide designer linewidth and resonance intensity amidst a broad background, and thus have been widely used for numerous applications in visible and infrared spectral regions. Here, terahertz GMRs are demonstrated in low‐loss, all‐dielectric metasurfaces, which are periodic square lattices of silicon cuboids on quartz substrates. The silicon cuboid lattice simultaneously acts as a diffraction grating and an in‐plane slab waveguide, thereby resulting in the formation of terahertz GMRs. At oblique incidence, two distinct frequency detuned GMRs are observed. The frequency difference between these two GMRs increases at larger angle of incidence. However, extremely small angle of incidence causes destructive interference between these counter‐propagating GMRs that leads to a nonradiative symmetry‐protected bound state in the continuum. GMRs in all‐dielectric silicon metasurfaces can have potential applications in the realization of efficient terahertz devices such as high‐Q transmission filters with angular spectral selectivity, ultrafast modulators, and free‐space couplers.
All‐Solid‐State Printed Bipolar Li–S Batteries
Authors: Kim Se‐Hee , Kim Jung‐Hui , Cho Sung‐Ju , Lee Sang‐Young 
Published: September 2019

AbstractDespite their potential advantages over currently widespread lithium‐ion batteries, lithium–sulfur (Li–S) batteries are not yet in practical use. Here, for the first time bipolar all‐solid‐state Li–S batteries (ASSLSBs) are demonstrated that exhibit exceptional safety, flexibility, and aesthetics. The bipolar ASSLSBs are fabricated through a solvent‐drying‐free, ultraviolet curing‐assisted stepwise printing process at ambient conditions, without (high‐temperature/high‐pressure) sintering steps that are required for inorganic electrolyte‐based all‐solid‐state batteries. Two thermodynamically immiscible and nonflammable gel electrolytes based on ethyl methyl sulfone (EMS) and tetraethylene glycol dimethyl ether (TEGDME) are used to address longstanding concerns regarding the grain boundary resistance of conventional inorganic solid electrolytes, as well as the polysulfide shuttle effect in Li–S batteries. The EMS gel electrolytes embedded in the sulfur cathodes facilitate sulfur utilization, while the TEGDME gel composite electrolytes serve as polysulfide‐repelling separator membranes. Benefiting from the well‐designed cell components and printing‐driven facile processability, the resulting bipolar ASSLSBs exhibit unforeseen advancements in bipolar cell configuration, safety, foldability, and form factors, which lie far beyond those achievable with conventional Li–S battery technologies.
Diffusion kinetics of CO2 in amine‐impregnated MIL‐101, alumina, and silica adsorbents
Authors: Gelles Teresa , Rezaei Fateme 
Published: September 2019

AbstractCO2 sorption kinetics of poly(ethylenimine) (PEI)‐impregnated MIL‐101, γ‐alumina, and UVM‐7 silica were investigated by the zero‐length column technique for the purpose of understanding the effect of amine content, adsorbent porosity, and adsorption temperature on CO2 sorption rates. Each of the adsorbents was impregnated with three different amine contents (20, 35, and 50 wt%) and the effective diffusion time constants were determined at 25°C. For each respective adsorbent, it was found that increasing the amine content results in diminished diffusion rates. Additionally, it was found that the pore size of the support has a profound effect on diffusional kinetics, where microporous MIL‐101 yielded substantially slow desorption rates upon amine‐functionalization compared to mesoporous γ‐alumina. PEI‐impregnated UVM‐7 silica was further investigated at 50 and 75°C in order to provide insight into the effect of temperature on sorption kinetics. The results indicated that PEI‐impregnated UVM‐7 exhibited faster sorption kinetics at higher temperatures. Upon desorption, PEI‐UVM‐7 silica exhibited two distinct regions of mass‐transfer control that occur at different sorption times. This is best explained by first the occurrence of surface diffusion followed by diffusion out of the bulky PEI polymer chains. The findings of this study provide novel kinetic characterizations on promising amino‐adsorbents for carbon capture applications.
COSMO‐UNIFAC model for ionic liquids
Authors: Dong Yichun , Huang Shuai , Guo Yanyan , Lei Zhigang 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe united chemical thermodynamic model, that is, COSMO‐UNIFAC model was first extended to the systems containing ionic liquids (ILs). This model for ILs combines the respective advantages of COSMO‐based (priori prediction) and UNIFAC (relatively accurate prediction) models. The comparison of the predicted values by COSMO‐UNIFAC model with experimental data indicates that this model can provide a moderate quantitative prediction for the systems containing ILs when the UNIFAC model parameters are vacant.
Redox‐State‐Mediated Regulation of Cytochrome c Release in Apoptosis Revealed by Surface‐Enhanced Raman Scattering on Nickel Substrates
Authors: Zhu Jinyu , Jiang Muwei , Ma Hao , Zhang Haijing , Cheng Weina , Li Junbo , Cai Linjun , Han Xiao Xia , Zhao Bing 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe interaction of cytochrome c (Cyt c) with cardiolipin (CL) is believed to play an important role in the initial events of apoptosis. Herein, we investigate the structural changes of CL‐bound Fe2+Cyt c and the correlation with Cyt c release through surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) on nickel substrates. The SERS results together with molecular dynamics simulation reveal that Fe2+Cyt c undergoes autoxidation and a relatively larger conformational alteration after binding with CL, inducing higher peroxidase activity of Cyt c and higher permeability of the CL membrane compared with those induced by the Fe3+Cyt c. The proapoptotic activity and SERS effect of the Ni nanostructures allow the in situ study of the redox‐state‐dependent Cyt c release from isolated mitochondria, which reveals for the first time that the ferrous state of Cyt c most likely plays a more important role in triggering apoptosis.
Ring Contraction by NHC‐Induced Pnictogen Abstraction
Authors: Piesch Martin , Reichl Stephan , Seidl Michael , Balázs Gábor , Scheer Manfred 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe reaction of [Cp′′′Co(η4‐P4)] (1) (Cp′′′=1,2,4‐tBu3C5H2) with MeNHC (MeNHC=1,3,4,5‐tetramethylimidazol‐2‐ylidene) leads through NHC‐induced phosphorus cation abstraction to the ring contraction product [(MeNHC)2P][Cp′′′Co(η3‐P3)] (2), which represents the first example of an anionic CoP3 complex. Such NHC‐induced ring contraction reactions are also applicable for triple‐decker sandwich complexes. The complexes [(Cp*Mo)2(μ,η6:6‐E6)] (3 a, 3 b) (Cp*=C5Me5; E=P, As) can be transformed to the complexes [(MeNHC)2E][(Cp*M)2(μ,η3:3‐E3)(μ,η2:2‐E2)] (4 a, 4 b), with 4 b representing the first structurally characterized example of an NHC‐substituted AsI cation. Further, the reaction of the vanadium complex [(Cp*V)2(μ,η6:6‐P6)] (5) with MeNHC results in the formation of the unprecedented complexes [(MeNHC)2P][(Cp*V)2(μ,η6:6‐P6)] (6), [(MeNHC)2P][(Cp*V)2(μ,η5:5‐P5)] (7) and [(Cp*V)2(μ,η3:3‐P3)(μ,η1:1‐P{MeNHC})] (8).
Modular Approach to Degradable Acetal Polymers Using Cascade Enyne Metathesis Polymerization
Authors: Fu Liangbing , Sui Xuelin , Crolais Alex E. , Gutekunst Will R. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractA modular synthetic approach to degradable metathesis polymers is presented using acetal‐containing enyne monomers. The monomers are prepared in a short and divergent synthetic sequence that features two points of modification to tune polymerization behavior and introduce molecular cargo. Steric and stereochemical elements are critical in the monomer design in order to provide rapid and living polymerizations capable of generating block polymers. The developed polyacetal materials readily undergo pH‐dependent degradation in aqueous mixtures, and the rate of hydrolysis can be tuned through post‐polymerization modification with triazolinedione click chemistry. This presents a new scaffold for responsive metathesis polymers that may find use in applications that requires controllable breakdown and release of small molecules.
Effect of gas‐phase tortuosity on the mechanical properties of low‐density polyolefin open‐cell foams at low‐ and high‐strain rates
Authors: Lopez‐Gonzalez E. , Muñoz‐Pascual S. , Saiz‐Arroyo C. , Rodriguez‐Perez M. A. 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACTThis paper describes the mechanical behavior in compression, at both low‐ and high‐strain rates, of several low‐density open‐cell polyolefin‐based foams with different gas phase interconnectivities and different levels of gas‐phase tortuosity. The mechanical properties of the open‐cell polyolefin foams have been compared with two different references: an open‐cell low tortuous foam based on flexible polyurethane and closed‐cell polyolefin foams. One the one hand, at low‐strain rates, it has been observed that the mechanical performance is controlled by the open‐cell content and the properties of the polymeric matrix, being the influence of tortuosity small. On the other hand, the influence of the level of tortuosity is critical to high‐strain rates. In fact, it has been demonstrated that open‐cell polyolefin foams with high tortuosity (HT) present an unexpected mechanical behavior, showing excellent mechanical properties, which are even similar to that of closed‐cell polyolefin materials with the same chemical composition. Therefore, low‐density polyolefin foams with HT have a unique mechanical performance strongly influenced by the strain rate. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020, 137, 48468.
One pot preparation of polyurethane‐based GSH‐responsive core‐shell nanogels for controlled drug delivery
Authors: Qi Desheng , Wang Jiayu , Qi Yugang , Wen Jing , Wei Shu , Liu Dajun , Yu Shuangjiang 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACTIn this work, we present a new type of glutathione (GSH)‐responsive polyurethane‐based core‑shell nanogels (RS‐CS‐PUNGs) with hydrophilic methoxypolyethylene glycols (mPEG) shell, which was prepared by a one‐pot synthetic method. The obtained RS‐CS‐PUNGs not only show a good size distribution with the hydrodynamic radii around of 20 nm, but also exhibit good stability in the organic solvent. The results demonstrate that GSH (10 mM) trigger the nanogel swelling and accelerate the loaded drug release in PBS (pH = 7.4). Although the RS‐CS‐PUNGs loaded with DOX show a slower cellular uptake behavior than the free doxorubicin (DOX), which is likely caused by the controlled drug release property of the nanocarrier, the enhanced cellular uptake fluorescence intensity of RS‐CS‐PUNGs loaded with DOX is still observed compared to the control group. Both MTT and CCK‐8 assay indicate that although an obvious lower initial cytotoxicity is observed compared to free DOX at 24 h postincubation, the cytotoxicity of the RS‐CS‐PUNGs loaded with DOX is obvious enhanced after treated 72 h, which stayed at the similar level with free DOX. Attributing to the easy preparation progress and GSH‐responsive property, RS‐CS‐PUNGs maybe hold the potential for further application in the field of drug delivery. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020, 137, 48473.