bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Correlation of retinal layer changes with vision gain in diabetic macular edema during conbercept treatment
Authors: Xu Yupeng , Qu Yuan , Suo Yan , Gao Jian , Chen Xia , Liu Kun , Xu Xun 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Purpose

To assess the changes in individual retinal layer thickness and visual function associated with gains in visual acuity after an intravitreal conbercept injection in the diabetic macular edema (DME) on spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and microperimetry during 1-year follow-up.

Methods

Retrospective observational study. Twenty patients with clinically significant DME in the study eye were imaged by SD-OCT every three months and MP1 microperimeter in the third month while receiving anti-VEGF (conbercept) treatment. In each patient, seven retinal layers were segmented in 98 scans covering a 6mm×6mm area of the macula at baseline and during 1 year of treatment. An automatic, full-threshold microperimetry of the central field (10°×10°, 40 stimulated points) with the MP1 microperimeter. Thickness and microperimetry changes were quantitatively measured and evaluated for their correlation with increases in visual acuity.

Results

Although thicknesses of the inner nuclear layer (INL) and the outer nuclear layer (ONL) were reduced the most after treatment (p< 0.05), decreases of the ganglion cell layer (GCL) (r = 0.591, p= 0.006) and inner plexiform layer (IPL) (r= 0.663, p= 0.001) in central subfield area was associated with BCVA gain, and had the best estimation of BCVA gain (adjust R2=0.544). Mean macular sensitivity in the central subfield was also well correlated with BCVA gain (r=0.531, p=0.016).

Conclusions

Neural recovery occurred after the resolution of edema during conbercept treatment, due to the decreases in GCL and IPL associating with gains in vision and improved microperimetry.
Changing face of Candida colonization pattern in pediatric patients with hematological malignancy during repeated hospitalization, results of a prospective observational study (2016-2017) in Shiraz, Iran
Authors: Hamzavi Sedigheh , Amanati Ali , Badiee Parisa , Kadivar Mohammad Rahim , Jafarian Hadis , Ghasemi Fatemeh , Haghpanah Sezaneh , Dehghani Mansooreh , Baghani Abbas Norouzian 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Introduction: Surveillance of current changes in the epidemiology of Invasive Fungal Diseases (IFDs) as an important component of the antifungal stewardship programs (ASP), needs careful regular, monitoring especially in high-risk settings such as oncology centers. This study aimed at examining Candida colonization status and corresponding current changes in children with malignancy during repeated admissions and also investigating of possible epidemiological shifts after the implementation of ASP. Methods: In this prospective observational study, all eligible patients younger than 18 years were recruited during 2016-2017 at Amir Medical Oncology Center (AMOC) in Shiraz, Iran. Totally, 136 patients were enrolled and 482 samples were collected from different sites (oral/nasal discharges, urine and stool). Weekly regular sampling was carried out during hospitalization. Candida colonization status and epidemiological changes were monitored during repeated admissions. Samples were cultivated on Sabouraud Dextrose agar medium and identified by Polymerase Chain Reaction -Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Results: Estimated Candida colonization incidence was 59.9% (82/136) in our patients. Candida colonization was found to be higher in oral cavity and rectum than that in nasal cavity. Among those long-term follow ups and repetitive hospitalizations, a significant number of patients exhibited changes in their colonization patterns (37.7%). Candida colonization did not reveal any significant relationship with age, sex, oncologic diseases and degree of neutropenia. C. albicans (72.0%) was found as the most common Candida species in colonized patients, followed by C. krusei, C. kefyr, C. glabrata and C. parapsilosis. Conclusion: Given the high incidence of Candida infections in children with cancers, close monitoring of epidemiologic change is essential for judicious management, based on local surveillance data and improvement of overall quality of care in high risk patients.
Risk factor identification and contribution to surgery-specific surgical site infection
Authors: Niekerk (Magnus) Johan Magnus van , Vos Margreet C , Stein Alfred , Braakman-Jansen (Annemarie) M A , holt Anne F Voor in´t , Gemert-Pijnen (Lisette) Julia Elisabeth Wilhelmina Cornelia van 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Background: To identify common risk factors for the future occurrence of SSI across digestive system surgical procedures, thoracic surgery and orthopaedic procedures and quantify what the marginal contribution of explaining the future occurrence of SSI is of risk factors specific to each group of surgeries. Methods: Retrospective data from serial point-prevalence studies, performed at the Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands were used, together with medical data, from 3.250 surgical procedures, during the period January 2013 to 29 June 2014. Common risk factors across three groups of surgical procedures were identified by scanning literature and univariate analysis. A multivariate forward-step logistic regression model was used to identify the marginal contribution of the risk factor specific to each group of surgical procedure using the increase in the Gini coefficient. Results: For digestive system surgical procedures, antibiotic use, temperature, smoking status, age, CRP, thrombocyte, during of surgery and surgical urgency are risk factors for SSI, where the last four were specific to the digestive system group of surgical procedures and increased the Gini coefficient by 9.5% (0.63 to 0.69). Preoperative length of stay, antibiotic use and Leukocyte are risk factors for orthopaedic surgical procedures. Temperature, age and the use of antibiotics were significant for thoracic surgical procedures. Conclusion: ASA class, body mass index (BMI), Preoperative length of stay, diabetes, antibiotic use, age, Leukocyte, temperature and smoking status as general risk factors common to digestive, orthopaedic and thoracic surgical procedures using existing literature and univariate logistic regression. Risk factors for SSI, specific to a surgical procedure group can increase the ability to explain the future occurrence of SSI by 9.5%. The models developed in this study can aid healthcare workers to improve preoperative counselling and help identify potentially modifiable risk factors.
Iatrogenic acute headache secondary to co-administration of ergometrine and phenylephrine during cesarean section: a case report
Authors: Bi Yan Mei , Ni Juan 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Background

Reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome has been described as a syndrome of severe recurrent thunderclap headache in bilateral posterior, with or without other neurological symptoms and signs, is fully reversible by 3 months. Vasoconstrictor play an important role in the development of reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome.

Case presentation

A 37-year-old pregnant women underwent elective cesarean section at 36+6 weeks gestation under combined spinal-epidural anesthesia . After a healthy female neonate was delivered, 0.2mg ergometrine was injected intramuscularly to induce uterine contraction. 30 minutes later, 0.1mg phenylephrine was given intravenously to treatment hypotension. Then she complained of a sudden headache and blood pressure was significantly risen to 163/104 mmHg versus baseline was 118/76 mmHg. Her severe headache was relieved 2 hrs after administering nitroglycerin, and headache did not recur after discontinued nitroglycerin.

Conclusion

The reason of hypotension should be identified in patients received ergometrine during cesarean section. Phenylephrine or other sympathomimetic should be used cautiously and vital signs should be observed closely for patient who received ergometrine during cesarean section. Nitroglycerin may be an alternative for the treatment of severe headache in reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome.
Degradation of phenol at high concentrations using immobilization of Pseudomonas putida P53 into sawdust entrapped in sodium-alginate beads
Authors: Abarian Moslem , Hassanshahian Mehdi , Esbah Akramsadat 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Phenols are distributed either as natural or artificial mono-aromatic compounds in various environmental sites as major pollutants. The objective of this study was the immobilization of the phenol degrading bacteria P. putida P53 and A. scleromae P69 in sodium-alginate beads and sawdust as carriers and evaluate the biodegradation ability. The biodegradation ability of strains in free form were evaluated and P. putida P53 was shown to biodegrade up to 1,800 mg/L phenol. Bacterial biomass was prepared and attached to carrier with entrapment and attachment methods. Prepared beads were added to Erlenmeyer flasks containing different concentrations of phenol in BH medium (1,800, 2,200, 2,600 and 3,000 mg/L). According to the results, phenol biodegradation efficiency of immobilized bacteria in sawdust was more than free form. Strain P53 had better biodegradation than P69 strain. Attachment and entrapments into carriers had positive results, Scanning electron micrograph (SEM) images indicated that alginate beads were globular shapes (10 nm), and strains aggregated between the large cavities of the matrix. Comparison of sawdust and alginate as carriers for degradation of phenol at high concentrations demonstrated that sawdust improved biodegradation better, and immobilized P53 into sawdust entrapped in sodium-alginate beads can be used for biodegradation purposes.
Diet Control in Pregnant Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Sitkulanan Piyaporn , Sanguanklin Natthananporn , Pomjumpa Sirikhwan 
Published: April 2019

Background:
The incidence of diabetes mellitus has significantly increased in the last two
decades. Gestational diabetes mellitus, GDM, is a complication that affects both pregnant women and
newborn babies. Pregnant women that are diagnosed with GDM are 7 times more likely to be diagnosed
with type II diabetes mellitus. In addition, infants born by GDM mothers are at higher risk of
developing diabetes mellitus in the future.

Objective:
The study aims to review the literature on the diet control in pregnant women with gestational
diabetes mellitus.

Results:
Controlling blood sugar within the normal range during pregnancy can decrease negative pregnancy
outcomes. However, most pregnant women with GDM cannot control their blood sugar within
the normal range because of a lack of knowledge and skill in selecting appropriate foods. They also often
experience inconsistency in their diet control behavior Most pregnant women worry about gaining too
much weight, and most pregnant women with GDM have to learn how to choose their food properly in
terms of both nutrients and quantity in order to control their blood sugar levels within the normal range.

Conclusion:
Diet control during pregnancy is one way to prevent the negative consequences of GDM
for both mothers and infants. The food proportion for pregnant women with gestational diabetes is
CHO: PRO: FAT = 50: 20:30 and also to consume an appropriate amount of vitamins and minerals
and water each day.
Development of In Vitro Methodologies to Investigate Binding by Sodium Hyaluronate in Eye Drops to Corneal Surfaces
Authors: Bock Udo , Deylen D Von , M Jochner , M Doerr , C Stäbler , S Reichl 
Published: April 2019

Purpose:To developin vitromethods to assess binding by sodium hyaluronate in eye drops to corneal surfaces.Methods:Two different, complementary corneal binding set-ups were developed. In a dynamicin vitromodel, confluent corneal epithelial cells (HCE-T) were assembled in chamber slides and a declining channel. A static model was constructed withex vivoporcine corneas clamped in Franz cells. To test the predictive capacity of models, four different eye drops containing sodium hyaluronate were spiked with tritium-labeled sodium hyaluronate to standardize quantification. In both settings, eye drops were applied for 5 min and physiological conditions were mimicked by flushing with artificial tear fluid. Spreading experiments on HCE-T next to synthetic membranes were used for further characterization.Results:Binding was more pronounced in dynamic HCE-T model. Three of the four eye drops demonstrated sigmoidal elution of sodium hyaluronate, suggesting pronounced binding. One solution eluted distinctly faster, likewise the buffer control. The static method produced a similar ranking but at lower levels. When eye drops in which phosphate buffer was replaced by citrate buffer (i.e., to prevent calcification) were used, binding was not influenced. All eye drops spread immediately when placed on HCE-T and at the same order of magnitude on glass and polyethylene terephthalate surfaces.Conclusion:Dynamic and static models performed on different corneal sources were used to determine sodium hyaluronate binding kinetics in solutions under physiological conditions. These methodologies resulted in a ranking of the capacity of sodium hyaluronate to bindin vitroto corneal surfaces.
Mah Sharaf Khanoum Ardalani (Mastura Kurdistani), historian and author(1805- 1847); her life and her epoch
Authors: Mustafa Aram Ali 
Published: April 2019

Mahsharaf - Khanom became an educated and conscious person thanks to the education she received from her family and also a position that her parents and grandparents had on both sides of the parents.
In Ardalan and its capital, Sanandaj, as a center for the development of culture and education, Islamic and historical, in addition to a strong base, a large group of historians and intellectuals was found that significantly influenced Mahsharaf-Khanom's thought and consciousness.
Mahashraf-Khanom, by recognition of many the researchers , was the only female historian in the Middle East in the 19th century. She was the only woman in the period who, along with the author of poems, practiced Islamic studies with great ability and had writings and compositions.
In the beginning of the 19th century, the Iranian authorities, in particular, influenced the Ardalanian Kurds and changed their Sunni sect to Shia al-Jaafari. When they felt resistance, they imposed their authority and took control of the government directly in the emirate. They briefly removed it from existence. The Emirate of Ardalan, as part of the South - East Kurdistan, in addition to it was formed in areas, which later became under the control of the Emirate of Baban for more than two centuries, and became the source of disputes and conflicts between them and it came to the occupation of the land and cities, but despite the oppression of the Occupiers of Kurdistan, especially at the end of the 18-th century and the beginning of the 19-th century, there was a strong convergence and diverse integration among the population of the both Emirates and even the ruling class. Finally, when the dyanasty of Ardalan went to fall, Mahsharaf-Khanom and a few thousand Ardalanis moved to the capital of the Emirate of Baban, where they were received with great hospitality.
Registros Palinológicos Inéditos nas Formações Teresina e Rio do Rasto (Permiano, Grupo Passa Dois, Bacia do Paraná) Implicações Biocronoestratigráficas e Paleoambientais
Authors: NEREGATO RODRIGO , SOUZA PAULO ALVES DE , ROHN ROSEMARIE 
Published: April 2019

The Pennsylvanian-Permian interval of the Paraná Basin is relatively well-known on its palynological content. However, little has been published from the Permian Serra Alta, Teresina and lower Rio do Rasto formations (Passa Dois Group). A total of thirty seven core samples were collected along a vertical range of 600 meters of these units in two boreholes in the Congonhinhas Municipality, northeastern Paraná State, South Brazil, but only the Teresina Formation and the lower part of the Serrinha Member of the Rio do Rasto Formation yielded identifiable palynomorphs. Of the thirty recorded species, ten species are registered for the first time in the basin, three are probably new, and five were previously documented at stratigraphic levels below the units of the present study. Assemblages are assigned to the Lueckisporites virkkiae Zone, regarded as Middle Permian (Guadalupian) in age, as suggested by other fossil and radiometric data. According to the relative abundance of some spore species, it is possible to discriminate two intervals: the first characterized by the predominance of Laevigatosporites vulgaris (from the Teresina Formation to the basal Serrinha Member), and the second dominated by Thymospora (in higher stratigraphic levels). The great abundance of fern spores in these assemblages is amazing because lycophyte stems are the best represented macrophytofossils of the Teresina Formation, similarly as glossopterid leaves and sphenophyte stems in the Rio do Rasto Formation. These aspects are discussed in the scope of lithofaciological and other paleontological data.
Análise Estatística da Concentração de Potássio Obtida por Aerolevantamentos Geofísicos em Diferentes Formações Geológicas na Região de Santa Maria (RS)
Authors: PEREIRA JOÃO EDUARDO DA SILVA , DA SILVA JOSÉ LUIZ SILVÉRIO , STRIEDER ADELIR JOSÉ , PIRES CARLOS ALBERTO DA FONSECA 
Published: April 2019

The present work was developed in outcrops of Santa Maria region, southern Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul State. Statistic evaluations were applied in different rock types. The possibility to distinguish different geologic units, sedimentary and volcanic (acid and basic types) by means of the statistic analyses from the use of airborne gamma-ray spectrometry integrating potash radiation emissions data with geological and geochemistry data is discussed. This Project was carried out at 1973 by Geological Survey of Brazil/Companhia de Pesquisas de Recursos Minerais. The Camaquã Project evaluated the behavior of potash concentrations generating XYZ Geosof 1997 format, one grid, thematic map and digital thematic map files from this total area. Using these data base, the integration of statistics analyses in sedimentary formations which belong to the Depressão Central do Rio Grande do Sul and/or to volcanic rocks from Planalto da Serra Geral at the border of Paraná Basin was tested. Univariate statistics model was used: the media, the standard media error, and the trust limits were estimated. The Tukey’s Test was used in order to compare mean values. The results allowed to create criteria to distinguish geological formations based on their potash content. The back-calibration technique was employed to transform K radiation to percentage. Inside this context it was possible to define characteristic values from radioactive potash emissions and their trust ranges in relation to geologic formations. The potash variable when evaluated in relation to geographic Universal Transverse Mercator coordinates system showed a spatial relation following one polynomial model of second order, with one determination coefficient. The statística 7.1 software Generalist Linear Models produced by Statistics Department of Federal University of Santa Maria/Brazil was used.
Morfodinâmica da Praia do Cassino, RS
Authors: TOZZI HEITOR AUGUSTO DE MORAES , CALLIARI LAURO JULIO 
Published: April 2019

The Cassino beach morphodynamic oscillates between the dissipative and intermediate states, accumulating sediments in the primary dunes and in long shore bars of combat to South Atlantic Western coastal storms. Approximately five years (1991-1996) of daily littoral environmental observations of wind, waves, long shore currents and beach width allied to coastlines transverse topographical profiles promoted a qualitative methodology which determined the physical agent's regime and its influences in the sedimentary beach stock and morphodynamic states. Three main incidence angles, South. Southeast (perpendicular to the coastline) and East were characterized in relation to the following factors: wave regime. omega parameter (W = Hb/Tp.Ws) and the mean sea level oscillations. The meteorological tides (storm surges) condition the destruction of the close bars to the beach face and occasionally the frontal dunes. These high wave energy events (hangover) are frequent for the South quadrant (12% a year). The Southeast quadrant (42% occurrences) presents conditions of swell which determine times of dynamic balance of the morphology. These conditions facilitate the development of an intermediary state with long shore bars troughts smaller variations in the sedimentary stock but significant alterations in the bars form. The East quadrant (46% a year) constantly governed by moderate winds and local waves with rare events of swell favours the enlargement to the backshore and coalition of the first bar with the beach face, typical intermediate state of beach in construction. The constructive intermediary state facilitates the largest beach sedimentary variation volume as it becomes more susceptible to strong storms (autumn storms). The dissipative state presents smaller mobility trought the soft slope, leaving the concave beach face, concentrating the storm effect in the surf zone and frontal dunes. We characterized periods of constructive and destructive beach profiles. where the omega parameter evidenced oscillations among the dissipative modal state, of larger frequency in the autumn and winter, and secondary intermediate states in the spring anti summer.
Os Elementos Terras Raras nas Apatitas do Maciço Alcalino de Anitapolis, SC
Authors: PEREIRA VITOR , FORMOSO MILTON , DUTRA CLAUDIO , FIGUEIREDO ANA 
Published: April 2019

The rare Earth elements from apatites of alcaline igneous rocks and carbonatites of Anitápolis were analysed by ICP and neutronic activation. The apatites, from magmatic, hydrothermal and weathering facies, were separated by different techniques. The results display the characteristic pattern from apatites of alkaline rocks in which the light rare earth elements are enriched in comparison with the heavy ones. The hydrothermal apatites are richer in total contents of REE, and also their La / Yb and LREE / HREE ratios are higher. Calculations or enrichment of different LREE led to conclude that results by ICP and neutronic activation are similar and that the apatites from Anitápolis are poorer in La, Ce, Yb and Lu in comparison with different patterns.
A Controvérsia Geológica de Kariba (Zambia)
Authors: COULON FLÁVIO KOFF 
Published: April 2019

A descrição pouco cuidadosa dos testemunhos de sondagem do furo nº 4 que atravessou o local onde foi escavada a casa de maquinas da Barragem de Kariba (Zambia) teve consequências desastrosas tanto para a obra em si como para todos os envolvidos em sua construção.