bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High‐Dose Vitamin B12 in Vasodilatory Shock: A Narrative Review
Authors: Patel Jayshil J. , Venegas‐Borsellino Carla , Willoughby Rodney , Freed Julie K. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractVasodilatory shock, as observed in postoperative states and sepsis, is hallmarked by low systemic vascular resistance and low blood pressure compensated by increased cardiac output. Gasotransmitters, such as nitric oxide and hydrogen sulfide, are implicated in the development and perpetuation of vasodilatory shock. Established therapies do not target these physiologic drivers of vasodilation. Due to their nontoxic and pleotropic effects, micronutrients are being used as rescue therapy in postoperative vasoplegia and septic shock. Here, we outline the pathophysiology of vasodilatory shock, describe the rationale for vitamin B12 (hydroxocobalamin) in vasodilatory shock, and identify literature evaluating its use in vasoplegic states.
Effect of Magnesium Stearate Coating on Degradation of NH4ClO4/Mg by Moisture
Authors: Nishiwaki Yosuke , Matsunaga Takehiro , Kumasaki Mieko 
Published: June 2019

AbstractPyrotechnic compositions containing magnesium (Mg) powder face the problem of degradation by moisture. Although potassium dichromate is an effective stabilizer that avoids Mg degradation, it is detrimental for human health and environment. This study is aimed at developing a harmless stabilizer for Mg in pyrotechnics. We investigated the effect of magnesium stearate (MgSt) coating on stabilization and combustion properties of the coated Mg. The stabilization effect of MgSt coating was measured by aging test of ammonium perchlorate (AP) and Mg mixture (AP/Mg). The aging test revealed that MgSt coating reduced the generation of degradation product, Mg(OH)2. Results of burning test showed that MgSt has little effect on flame color, while it considerably decreased the burning rate. The influence of MgSt coating was lower than that of MgSt that was simply mixed with AP/Mg.
Proresolving Lipid Mediators and Receptors in Stem Cell Biology: Concise Review
Authors: Romano Mario , Patruno Sara , Pomilio Antonella , Recchiuti Antonio 
Published: June 2019

Summary
Accumulating evidence indicates that stem cells (SCs) possess immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, and prohealing properties. The mechanisms underlying these functions are being investigated with the final goal to set a solid background for the clinical use of SCs and/or their derivatives. Specialized proresolving lipid mediators (SPMs) are small lipids formed by the enzymatic metabolism of polyunsaturated fatty acids. They represent a leading class of molecules that actively and timely regulate the resolution of inflammation and promote tissue/organ repair. SC formation of these mediators as well as expression of their receptors has been recently reported, suggesting that SPMs may be involved in the immunomodulatory, proresolving functions of SCs. In the present review, we summarize the current knowledge on SPMs in SCs, focusing on biosynthetic pathways, receptors, and bioactions, with the intent to provide an integrated view of SPM impact on SC biology. Stem Cells Translational Medicine 2019;8:992–998
Sustainable Amine Synthesis: Iron Catalyzed Reactions of Hydrosilanes with Imines, Amides, Nitroarenes and Nitriles
Authors: Shaikh Nadim S. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractIron catalyzed organic synthesis has emerged as a sustainable chemistry due to the highly competitive cost, high natural abundance and ecologically acceptable properties of iron. Moreover, its extensive range of oxidation states i. e. –II to +VI provides numerous opportunities to perform multiple organic reactions. Recently iron catalysis has started competing the established precious metals. Among organic scaffolds, amines are important building blocks that are useful in the various fields starting from drugs, crop protection chemicals to dyes and pigments. Typically, hydrogenation or reduction of functional groups such as imines, amides, nitroarenes and nitriles results into amines. In this context, homogeneous iron catalyzed hydrosilylation is a highly promising alternative to traditional hydrogenation and other reduction reactions. This review is focused on the synthesis of amine and its derivatives via hydrosilylation of imines, amides, nitroarenes and nitriles using iron as a catalyst. Some of the reduction methods of these functional groups that may not follow the typical hydrosilylation pathway are also included in this review due to their strong relevance to the theme. The phenomenal progress in this focused area is summarized to witness this transformation towards sustainable development in the field of amine synthesis.
An Overview of Surface‐Functionalized Magnetic Nanoparticles: Preparation and Application for Wastewater Treatment
Authors: Gao Fengfeng 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe removal of contaminant and recovery of valuable matters from wastewater remain a challenge in the field of industrial production. Among the developed technologies, adsorption method is of interest for researchers due to its low‐cost and facile operation. However, the traditional adsorbents always meet the problem of difficult recycling. Nowadays, surface functionalized magnetic nanomaterials have become a new kind of adsorbents with the potential application in the wastewater treatment because of their large surface area, high stability, weak coagulation, and especially reusability due to its super‐paramagnetic properties in a magnetic field. The extraction capacity of pollutants is mainly related to the features of functional groups grafted on the surface of Fe3O4 nanoparticles. This review mainly focuses on recent progress on the functional modification methods of magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles by inorganic molecules, small organic molecules, and organic polymer materials. The advantages and disadvantages of magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles modified by various functional groups, application and interaction mechanism in the wastewater treatment are also reviewed. Finally, the development trend of surface modified magnetic adsorption materials in the future wastewater treatment field is prospected.
Synthesis of a Peptide Conjugated 5‐Fluorouracil Gelator Prodrug for Photo‐Controlled Release of the Antitumor Agent
Authors: Das Soumi , Horo Himali , Goswami Upashi , Kundu Lal Mohan 
Published: June 2019

AbstractWidely used chemotherapeutic agent 5‐fluorouracil (5‐Fu) exhibits adverse effects by damaging the normal cells. Controlled delivery and release of such antitumor drugs is essential for better treatment. Herein, a low molecular weight peptide‐drug conjugate for the photo‐controlled delivery of 5‐Fu is demonstrated. 5‐Fu is covalently attached with a short peptide through a photo‐cleavable linker. With a careful choice of the peptide sequence, the peptide‐drug conjugate was able to form a hydrogel within a narrow pH window (pH 6.0 ‐ 8.0). MTT assay of the peptide‐drug conjugate in HeLa cells inferred almost no cytotoxicity up to a high concentration of 110 μg/mL. The gelator prodrug releases 5‐Fu in a controlled, does‐dependent manner under irradiation. The characterizations and controlled release of the drug were investigated using various analytical techniques including FTIR, HPLC and UV‐visible spectroscopy whereas, morphology of the gel was studied by FESEM. The gelation behaviour and rheology of the conjugate was also studied in details. Such covalently peptide‐conjugated 5‐Fu gel could be useful for effective delivery of antitumor agent.
Global talent management: Shaping the careers of internationally educated talents in developing markets
Authors: Abeuova Dana , Muratbekova‐Touron Maral 
Published: June 2019

AbstractIn the context of globalization, country‐level actions to manage global talent (e.g., development of immigrant‐friendly policies, policies to attract back skilled diaspora, or investment in the international education of youth) have been underresearched. The aim of this article is to analyze the impact of a country‐level global talent management practice on the careers and career success of its talents in the Republic of Kazakhstan, a developing country in Central Asia. Using qualitative methods, this study introduces new dimensions of career success evaluation for internationally educated talents in developing markets: use of knowledge acquired abroad and international aspect of the job. Based on these dimensions, it develops a model of career types. The career types predict the varying degrees of talents' career success and their involvement in sharing and capitalizing on knowledge, ideas, and international experience, which may have an impact on society. The study contributes to the field of global talent management and career success by providing empirical evidence on an underresearched topic in the underresearched context of developing markets.
Mind the gap: Experimental tests to improve efficacy of fladry for nonlethal management of coyotes
Authors: Young Julie K. , Draper John , Breck Stewart 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACTCoyotes (Canis latrans) are the top predator of livestock in the contiguous United States. Developing more effective nonlethal tools to prevent coyote depredation will facilitate coexistence between livestock producers and coyotes. Fladry is a nonlethal deterrent designed to defend livestock by creating a visual barrier to wolves (C. lupus). Fladry may also be effective with coyotes, but large gap spacing between flags may reduce its efficacy. To address this issue, we performed 2 experiments on captive coyotes using fladry modified to reduce gap spacing at the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Predator Research Facility in Millville, Utah, USA, during 2015–2016 and 2017–2018. In 2015–2016, we tested 2 styles for attaching flags (top‐knot and shower‐curtain) to the rope‐line that reduce gaps by preventing coiling of individual flags. In 2017–2018, we tested the efficacy of gap spacing (27.9 cm vs. 45.7 cm) between flags for preventing coyote crossings. For both tests, we compared the time until coyotes crossed the fladry between treatment types. We found no differences in time to crossing between the 2 attachment designs. In our second experiment, fladry with smaller gaps between flags had greater efficacy of preventing coyote crossings than did fladry with larger gaps. Our results also indicated that for each additional minute coyotes spent interacting with fladry overall (i.e., increased persistent behavior), survival of the barrier decreased. These results suggest that persistent coyotes may overcome neophobia more rapidly than coyotes that do not exhibit persistent behaviors. Furthermore, use of top‐knot fladry and coyote‐width spacing will increase protection of livestock from coyotes. © 2019 The Wildlife Society.
Gluon helicity flip in a plane wave background
Authors: Adamo Tim , Ilderton Anton 
Published: June 2019

AbstractWe compute the leading probability for a gluon to flip helicity state upon traversing a background plane wave gauge field in pure Yang-Mills theory and QCD, with an arbitrary number of colours and flavours. This is a one-loop calculation in perturbative gauge theory around the gluonic plane wave background, which is treated without approximation (i.e., to all orders in the coupling). We introduce a background-dressed version of the spinor helicity formalism and use it to obtain simple formulae for the flip amplitude with pure external gluon polarizations. We also give in-depth examples for gauge group SU(2), and evaluate both the high- and low-energy limits. Throughout, we compare and contrast with the calculation of photon helicity flip in strong-field QED.
Effect of Phenylephrine and Ephedrine on Cerebral (Tissue) Oxygen Saturation During Carotid Endarterectomy (PEPPER): A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Fassaert Leonie M. M. , de Borst Gert J. , Pennekamp Claire W. A. , Specken-Welleweerd Jantine C. , Moll Frans L. , van Klei Wilton A. , Immink Rogier V. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Background
Short-acting vasopressor agents like phenylephrine or ephedrine can be used during carotid endarterectomy (CEA) to achieve adequate blood pressure (BP) to prevent periprocedural stroke by preserving the cerebral perfusion. Previous studies in healthy subjects showed that these vasopressors also affected the frontal lobe cerebral tissue oxygenation (rSO2) with a decrease after administration of phenylephrine. This decrease is unwarranted in patients with jeopardized cerebral perfusion, like CEA patients. The study aimed to evaluate the impact of both phenylephrine and ephedrine on the rSO2 during CEA.

Methods
In this double-blinded randomized controlled trial, 29 patients with symptomatic carotid artery stenosis underwent CEA under volatile general anesthesia in a tertiary referral medical center. Patients were preoperative allocated randomly (1:1) for receiving either phenylephrine (50 µg; n = 14) or ephedrine (5 mg; n = 15) in case intraoperative hypotension occurred, defined as a decreased mean arterial pressure (MAP) ≥ 20% compared to (awake) baseline. Intraoperative MAP was measured by an intra-arterial cannula placed in the radial artery. After administration, the MAP, cardiac output (CO), heart rate (HR), stroke volume, and rSO2 both ipsilateral and contralateral were measured. The timeframe for data analysis was 120 s before, until 600 s after administration.

Results
Both phenylephrine (70 ± 9 to 101 ± 22 mmHg; p < 0.001; mean ± SD) and ephedrine (75 ± 11 mmHg to 122 ± 22 mmHg; p < 0.001) adequately restored MAP. After administration, HR did not change significantly over time, and CO increased 19% for both phenylephrine and ephedrine. rSO2 ipsilateral and contralateral did not change significantly after administration at 300 and 600 s for either phenylephrine or ephedrine (phenylephrine 73%, 73%, 73% and 73%, 73%, 74%; ephedrine 72%, 73%, 73% and 75%, 74%, 74%).

Conclusions
Within this randomized prospective study, MAP correction by either phenylephrine or ephedrine showed to be equally effective in maintaining rSO2 in patients who underwent CEA.
Clinical Trial Registration ClincalTrials.gov, NCT01451294.
Engaging Archives: Activating our collections for new audiences
Authors: McBride Caroline 
Published: June 2019

In recent years we have noticed a substantial increase in interest in our archive collections at the E H McCormick Research Library at Auckland Art Gallery Toi o Tāmaki. With circulation figures for print publications generally reported to be on a downward trend for libraries, unique material is being eagerly sought out.Who are our new audiences and how do they engage with archives in varying ways? What specific approaches have contributed to achieving this positive shift? Including observations from other research librarians and archivists, this article provides a view of art archive use and users, as well as the mechanisms that are proving successful. Our aim is to increase the visibility of our special collections to facilitate the unlocking of their powerful potential for the understanding and, sometimes, making of art.
Improving paediatric cardiologists’ awareness about the needs of childhood cancer survivors: results of a single-centre directed educational initiative
Authors: Rose-Felker Kirsten , Effinger Karen , Kelleman Michael S , Sachdeva Ritu , Meacham Lillian R. , Border William L. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackground:Cardiovascular disease is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in childhood cancer survivors. Cardiologists must be aware of risk factors and long-term follow-up guidelines, which have historically been the purview of oncologists. Little is known about paediatric cardiologists’ knowledge regarding the cardiotoxicity of cancer treatment and how to improve this knowledge.Methods:A total of 58 paediatric cardiologists anonymously completed a 21-question, web-based survey focused on four cardio-oncology themes: cancer treatment-related risk factors (n = 6), patient-related risk factors (n = 6), recommended surveillance (n = 3), and cardiac-specific considerations (n = 6). Following the baseline survey, a multi-disciplinary team of paediatric cardiologists and cancer survivor providers developed an in-person and web-based educational intervention. A post-intervention survey was conducted 5 months later.Results:The response rate was 41/58 (70.7%) pre-intervention and 30/58 (51.7%) post-intervention. On the baseline survey, the percentage of correct answers was 68.8 ± 10.3%, which improved to 79.2 ± 16.2% after the intervention (p = 0.009). The theme with the most profound knowledge deficit was surveillance; however, it also had the greatest improvement after the intervention (49.6 ± 26.7 versus 66.7 ± 27.7% correct, p = 0.025). Individual questions with the largest per cent improvement pertained to risk of cardiac dysfunction with time since treatment (52.4 versus 93.1%, p = 0.002) and the role of dexrazoxane (48.8 versus 82.8%, p = 0.020).Conclusion:Specific knowledge deficits about the care of paediatric cancer survivors were identified amongst cardiologists using a web-based survey. Knowledge of surveillance was initially lowest but improved the most after an educational intervention. This highlights the need for cardio-oncology-based educational initiatives among paediatric cardiologists.
Inverse relation between fruit and vegetable intake and the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus
Authors: Mirmiran Parvin , Hosseinpour-Niazi Somayeh , Moghaddam-Banaem Lida , Lamyian Minoor , Goshtasebi Azita , Azizi Fereidoun 
Published: June 2019

Abstract. Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the association of intakes of fruit, vegetable and dairy with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Methods: This prospective study was conducted over a 17 month period, on a random sample of pregnant women (n = 1026), aged 18–45 y, in their first half of pregnancy, attending prenatal clinics in five hospitals’ affiliated to universities of medical sciences in different districts of Tehran, Iran. Dietary intakes were assessed during gestational age ≤ 6 weeks using a 168-item validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Between 24 and 28 weeks of gestation, all pregnant women underwent a scheduled 100 g 3-h oral glucose tolerance test. Diagnosis of GDM was based on criteria set by the American Diabetes Association. Results: Of 1026 study participants, 71 had GDM, with a mean age and pre-pregnancy BMI of 26.7 ± 4.3 y and 25.4 ± 4.5 Kg/m2, respectively. High fruit and vegetable intakes were negatively associated with GDM risk. Compared with women who consumed < 2.1 servings/day, odds ratio (ORs) for those who consumed ≥ 4.9 servings/day was 0.44 (95% CI: 0.20–0.93), after adjustment for confounding factors. Fruit and vegetable intakes were significantly and inversely associated with the GDM; ORs (95% CIs) for GDM among participants with the highest, compared to the lowest quartiles were 0.48 (0.18–0.89) for fruit and 0.46 (0.22–0.99) for vegetables intake. No association was found between dairy products and GDM. Conclusions: Fruit and vegetable consumption in women of reproductive age have beneficial effects in the prevention of GDM.
Higher vitamin B6 intake is associated with lower depression and anxiety risk in women but not in men: A large cross-sectional study
Authors: Kafeshani Marzi , Feizi Awat , Esmaillzadeh Ahmad , Keshteli Ammar Hassanzadeh , Afshar Hamid , Roohafza Hamidreza , Adibi Peyman 
Published: June 2019

Abstract. Objective: The prevalence of depression and anxiety is increasing worldwide. Diet as a modifiable factor for mental health has received great attention. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the association of vitamin B6 intake with depression and anxiety. Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed among 3362 adults in 2011. Anxiety and depression were evaluated using an Iranian validated version of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) questionnaire. Dietary intakes were evaluated by a validated 106 item self-administered Willett-format dish-based semi quantitative food-frequency questionnaire (DFQ). Results: The mean intake of vitamin B6 (mg/day) was significantly lower in anxious (1.93 ± 0.74 vs. 2.0 ± 0.74; P = 0.02) and depressed (1.86 ± 0.72 vs. 1.99 ± 0.74; P = 0.001) people than healthy participants. The lower level of vitamin B6 intake (tertile 1), after adjustment for the impacts of various confounding variables, in total population and women was associated with the higher odds of depression (OR = 1.41; 95% CI: 1.19, 2.31; P < 0.001. OR = 1.33; 95% CI: 1.08, 2. 21; P = 0.02, respectively). Also, the lower level of vitamin B6 intake (tertile 1) in total population and women was associated with the higher odds of anxiety (OR = 2.30; 95% CI: 1.31, 4.04; P < 0. 001, OR = 2.30; 95% CI: 1.19, 4.46; P = 0.04). Conclusion: The association of lower intakes vitamin B6 intake with increased risk of depression and anxiety was clearly supported by current study. A reasonable approach to tackle these disorders could be the improvement of nutritional status, accordingly large randomized controlled trials are suggested for providing more evidence.
Persistent Draining of the Stratospheric 10Be Reservoir After the Samalas Volcanic Eruption (1257 CE)
Authors: Baroni Mélanie , Bard Edouard , Petit Jean‐Robert , Viseur Sophie ,   ASTER Team
Published: June 2019

AbstractMore than 2,000 analyses of beryllium‐10 (10Be) and sulfate concentrations were performed at a nominal subannual resolution on an ice core covering the last millennium as well as on records from three sites in Antarctica (Dome C, South Pole, and Vostok) to better understand the increase in 10Be deposition during stratospheric volcanic eruptions. A significant increase in 10Be concentration is observed in 14 of the 26 volcanic events studied. The slope and intercept of the linear regression between 10Be and sulfate concentrations provide different and complementary information. Slope is an indicator of the efficiency of the draining of 10Be atoms by volcanic aerosols depending on the amount of SO2 released and the altitude it reaches in the stratosphere. Intercept gives an image of the 10Be production in the stratospheric reservoir, ultimately depending on solar modulation. The Samalas event (1257 CE) stands out from the others as the biggest eruption of the last millennium with the lowest positive slope of all the events. We hypothetize that the persistence of volcanic aerosols in the stratosphere after the Samalas eruption has drained the stratospheric 10Be reservoir for a decade, meaning that solar reconstructions based on 10Be should be considered with caution during this period. The slope of the linear regression between 10Be and sulfate concentrations can also be used to correct the 10Be snow/ice signal of the volcanic disturbance.
In Search of Red Noctiluca scintillans Blooms in the East China Sea
Authors: Qi Lin , Tsai Sheng‐Fang , Chen Yanlong , Le Chengfeng , Hu Chuanmin 
Published: June 2019

AbstractRed Noctiluca scintillans (RNS) is one of the major species causing red tides and bioluminescence, yet extremely difficult to track due to its ephemeral nature. Here, we show that RNS can be fingerprinted from satellite data due to its unique absorption and scattering properties. Retrospective analysis of Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer data of 2000–2017 over the East China Sea reveals seasonal patterns and interannual changes as well as an increasing RNS bloom trend, all driven by hydrographical and biological factors and possibly by the construction of the Three Gorges Dam. Unlike earlier reports from field measurements, RNS blooms are found in both coastal and offshore waters of the ECS, to at least 126°E (> 330 km from the Yangtze River mouth). RNS blooms are also found in August and September where water temperature of 28–30 °C is well beyond the earlier reported range of 10–25 °C.