bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of Comorbidities and Age on Cause-Specific Mortality in Postmenopausal Patients with Breast Cancer
Authors: Derks Marloes G.M. , van de Velde Cornelis J.H. , Giardiello Daniele , Seynaeve Caroline , Putter Hein , Nortier Johan W.R. , Dirix Luc Y. , Bastiaannet Esther , Portielje Johanneke E.A. , Liefers Gerrit-Jan 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

Background
The aim was to study the impact of comorbidities and age on breast cancer mortality, taking into account competing causes of death.

Subjects, Materials, and Methods
Cohort analysis of Dutch and Belgian patients with postmenopausal, early hormone receptor-positive breast cancer included in the Tamoxifen and Exemestane Adjuvant Multinational (TEAM) trial between 2001 and 2006. This is a randomized controlled trial of patients who had completed local treatment with curative intent and were randomized to receive exemestane for 5 years, or sequential treatment of tamoxifen followed by exemestane for a duration of 5 years. Patients were categorized by number of comorbidities (no comorbidities, 1–2 comorbidities, and &gt;2 comorbidities) and age (&lt;70 years and ≥70 years). Main outcome was breast cancer mortality considering other-cause mortality as competing event; cumulative incidences were calculated using the Cumulative Incidence Competing Risk Methods, and the Fine and Gray model was used to calculate the effect of age and comorbidities for the cause-specific incidences of breast cancer death, taking into account the effect of competing causes of death.

Results
Overall, 3,159 patients were included, of which 2,203 (69.7%) were aged &lt;70 years and 956 (30.3%) were aged ≥70 years at diagnosis. Cumulative incidence of breast cancer mortality was higher among patients ≥70 without comorbidities (22.2%, 95% CI, 17.5–26.9) compared with patients &lt;70 without comorbidities (15.6%, 95% CI, 13.6–17.7, reference group), multivariable subdistribution hazard ratio (sHR) 1.49 (95% CI, 1.12–1.97, p = .005) after a median follow-up of 10 years. Use of chemotherapy was lower in older patients (1%, irrespective of the number of comorbidities) compared with younger patients (50%, 44%, and 38% for patients with no, 1–2, or &gt;2 comorbidities, p &lt; .001).

Conclusion
Older patients without comorbidities have a higher risk of dying due to breast cancer than younger counterparts, even when taking into account higher competing mortality, while use of chemotherapy in this group was low. These findings underline the need to take into account comorbidities, age, and competing mortality in the prognosis of breast cancer for accurate decision making.
Large-Scale, Prospective Observational Study of Regorafenib in Japanese Patients with Metastatic Colorectal Cancer in a Real-World Clinical Setting
Authors: Yamaguchi Kensei , Komatsu Yoshito , Satoh Taroh , Uetake Hiroyuki , Yoshino Takayuki , Nishida Toshirou , Yamazaki Naoya , Takikawa Hajime , Morimoto Takashi , Chosa Masayuki , Sunaya Toshiyuki , Hamada Yoko , Muro Kei , Sugihara Kenichi 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

Background
Regorafenib improved the overall survival (OS) of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) who progress after standard therapies in two phase III trials. The present large-scale prospective observational study evaluated the safety and effectiveness of regorafenib administered to Japanese patients with mCRC in real-life setting.

Materials and Methods
Patients with mCRC were prospectively registered and initially received ≤160 mg oral regorafenib daily, at the investigator's discretion, for weeks 1–3 of each 4-week cycle. The study's primary aim was to assess safety, particularly unexpected clinically significant adverse drug reactions (ADRs). A Cox's proportional hazards model was used to evaluate the association between OS, hand-foot skin reaction (HFSR), and baseline characteristics.

Results
We evaluated 1,227 of 1,301 patients (enrolled from March 2013 to May 2015). ADRs occurred in 89.3% of patients (mostly within the first 4 weeks) and were a major reason for discontinuing treatment. The most frequent ADRs were HFSR, liver injury, and hypertension. The cumulative incidence of HFSR and liver injury was higher in patients who initially received 160 mg than in those who received ≤120 mg. The incidence of hypertension and fatigue was similar between groups. Median OS was 6.9 months (95% confidential interval, 6.4–7.4). OS was associated with early onset of HFSR and good performance status (PS) but not with the initial dose.

Conclusion
The outcomes of this study were consistent with those of clinical trials. There were no new safety concerns. Regorafenib treatment would not be recommended for patients with higher PS.
T-Cell Lymphopenia in Patients with Advanced Thyroid Carcinoma Is Associated with Poor Prognosis
Authors: Rabold Katrin , Gielen Paul R. , Kers-Rebel Esther D. , Netea Mihai G. , Smit Jan W.A. , Adema Gosse J. , Netea-Maier Romana T. 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

Background
Aggressive forms of thyroid carcinoma (TC) show an abundant infiltration of immune cells, and this correlates with prognosis. However, little is known about circulating immune cell levels in advanced TC.

Objective
Investigate T-cell and myeloid-derived suppressor cell (MDSC) levels in peripheral blood of patients with advanced TC and correlate them with survival.

Methods
T cells and MDSCs were quantified by flow cytometry in peripheral blood from nine patients with advanced TC and nine healthy volunteers.

Results
No significant differences in MDSC or regulatory T-cell levels were detected between patients with TC and healthy controls. CD3, CD4, and CD8 T-cell levels were significantly lower in patients with TC. CD3 and CD4 T-cell levels further decreased in patients with survival of less than 1 month.

Conclusion
These data suggest that T-cell lymphopenia in patients with TC indicates an aggressive tumor behavior and might influence therapeutic choices in the future. Restoring T-cell levels may become a potential therapeutic option within the multitarget approaches.
Evaluation of Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory and Antimicrobial Activities of the Leaf Extracts of Luffa cylindrica
Authors: Onyegbule Felix A. , Okoye Chukwudozie I. , Chukwunwejim Chidimma R. , Umeokoli Blessing O. , Eze Peter M. 
Published: January 2019

Introduction: Luffa cylindrica have been used traditionally in the treatment and management of several disease conditions. This study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties of leaf extracts of the plant, and identifying some of its phytoconstituents.
Methods: The crude ethanol and ethyl acetate extracts were evaluated for antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities using the 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) and paw-fluid displacement methods, respectively. The extracts were tested for antimicrobial activity using the agar well diffusion and agar dilution methods. The ethyl acetate leaf extract of the plant was further subjected to high-performance liquid chromatography-diode-array detection (HPLC-DAD) analysis for the identification of the bioactive compounds.
Results: The ethanol and ethyl acetate extracts of L. cylindrica showed average antioxidant properties at 100 µg/mL, with inhibitions of 53.31% and 54.73% respectively. The ethanol extract displayed significant anti-inflammatory activity at 50 mg/Kg with an inhibition of 31.1% compared to 39.7% recorded for the control (diclofenac). The ethyl acetate extract produced an inhibition of 15%. In the antimicrobial evaluation, the ethanol and ethyl acetate extracts showed moderate antibacterial activity against S. aureus, S. Typhi and B. subtilis. The ethyl acetate extract exhibited considerable antimicrobial activity against the test isolates compared to the ethanol extract. HPLC-DAD analysis of the ethyl acetate extract suggested the presence of two flavonoid compounds - luteolin and apigenin as key components of the leaf extract of L. cylindrica. These compounds are known to possess anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities.
Conclusions: The results of this study showed that the leaf extracts of L. cylindrica possess antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties.
A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial of a Preoperative Patient Education Intervention to Improve Satisfaction and Reduce Resource Utilization in Gynecologic Surgery
Authors: Buckley de Meritens Alexandre , Baptiste Caitlin , Hou June Y , Burke William M , Wright Jason D , Tergas Ana I 
Published: January 2019

During the initial surgical consult patients may feel overwhelmed by the information they are given regarding their diagnosis and surgical plan. We looked to determine if a preoperative patient educational intervention would improve patient satisfaction and optimize use of medical services after discharge. Methods: We randomized women undergoing major gynecologic surgery by laparoscopy or laparotomy, to standard of care (Control) or a preoperative educational intervention. The pre-operative educational intervention consisted of: 1) a handout with information on inpatient and outpatient recovery and 2) a preoperative phone-call to review the handout and answer questions. At the post-operative visit, patients completed a Patient Satisfaction Questionnaire (PSQ-18), addressing satisfaction, interpersonal manner, communication, time spent with doctors and physician accessibility. The number of phone calls, emergency department visits and unscheduled post-operative clinic visits were quantified during the first 2 weeks after surgery. Descriptive statistics and t-tests were used for analysis.Results: 62 consecutive patients were randomized: 31 to intervention and 31 to the control group. Within the cohort 35 patients underwent laparoscopy and 21 laparotomy, 6 patients withdrew or cancelled their surgery. Forty postoperative patient satisfaction questionnaires were collected, 20 in the intervention group and 20 in the control group (response rate 71%). Intervention was associated to increased patient satisfaction. In the LSC group, the intervention improved patients’ perception of their physicians’ interpersonal manners, communication and time spent with the doctor (p < 0.05). Only one patient (3.5%) in the intervention group visited the ER post-operatively (laparotomy, wound separation) compared to 5 (17.8%) control patients (4 laparoscopy, 1 laparotomy, p < 0.05), all for minor complaints (pain, anxiety, incision).Conclusions: In our randomized trial this low-cost, feasible pre-operative educational intervention improves patients’ perception of their surgeons’ communication skills and decreased post-operative healthcare resource utilization. The effects are most pronounced in women undergoing minimally invasive surgery.
Model Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab di Ma’had Al-Jami’ah Walisongo Semarang
Authors: Shiddiq Jamaluddin 
Published: January 2019

This study discusses the models of Arabic teaching in Ma’had Al-Jami’ah Walisongo Semarang. The analysis based on the Richard Arend’s theory, which is mentions that the teaching models has 4 components are theoretical basis, instructional goals, syntax, and learning environment. This study aims to know each component of it in ma’had. The study result shows that the theoretical basis of teaching includes behavioral theory, social learning theory, the psychological theory of meaningfull verbal learning, the idea of cognitive pshycology, experiential learning theory, and information processing theory. The Instructional goal includes the learning to acquire the factual and declare knowledge, mastering of social cooperative behaviors, and acceptance between groups. The syntax be distinguished by the type of teaching models, include: a) Direct teaching, consists of the orientation, presentation, structured practice, the practice under guidance, and self-practice, b) Presentation teaching, consists of presenting advance organizer, task presentation and strengthening cognitive processing; c) cooperative learning, consists of presenting the goal and establishing set, presenting and organizing information, distributing some students into groups, supporting the team work and teaching, testing the material learning and giving a testing; 4) learning environment in ma’had, includes: in the direct, the teacher structures the environment stricty to maintain the academic focuses and hopes the tudents will be a good observer, listener and participant; b) in the presentation: the teacher distributing, some students into a group and in each gropu, there is two role, presentator and listener; c) cooperative: the environment organized based on task structure and reward cooperatively neither competitively.
Interferensi Gramatikal Bahasa Indonesia dalam Mahārah Kalām Santriwati KMI Pondok Modern Ar-Risalah Ponorogo
Authors: Ni'mah Jauharotun 
Published: January 2019

Language plays an important role in human life. language and humans can not be separated. Humans in all their activities need language to communicate with other humans. Communication has various kinds, one of which is oral communication that can cause interference. This research is descriptive in qualitative form. In this study the author uses listening method, the basic technique is "Tapping Technique". The advanced technique I is checking out the free involvement technique or "SBLC". Advanced technique II is a note-taking technique. Another technique is interview. The emphasis of the analysis in this study is the grammatical interference of Bahasa Indonesia in mahārah kalām, of female students (santriwati) of Kulliyatul Mu’allimat Al-Islamiyah (KMI) at Ar-Risalah International Program of modern boarding school Ponorogo. Based on the emphasis of the analysis above, the authors chose the intralingual equivalent method as an analysis method. The presentation method of the data results analysis used in this study is an informal method. The results show that the form of Interference that occurs in the study location is in the form of morphological and syntactic interference. As for the factor underlying the interference in mahārah kalām of Santriwati at KMI Ar-Risalah boarding school is the difference in the system of first language or second language (interlingual transfer), analogy (excessive equation), thinness of user loyalty to recipient languages, the need for synonyms and transfer language because it brings habits in mother tongue.
El desarrollo de los derechos fundamentales por el Poder Legislativo, el Poder Judicial y el Tribunal Constitucional
Authors: Banacloche Palao Julio 
Published: January 2019

El artículo 53.1 de la Constitución española establece como primera garantía de los derechos y libertades fundamentales que solo una ley orgánica pueda regularlos. Además, esa ley deberá respetar en todo caso el contenido esencial de dichos derechos y libertades. Esto supone que es la sociedad quien fija con carácter previo tal contenido, pero su desarrollo debe realizarlo el legislador. No obstante, no son muchas las leyes que han desarrollado la regulación de un derecho fundamental, lo que ha obligado a que sean los tribunales ordinarios y, sobre todo, el Tribunal Constitucional, quienes hayan fijado la extensión, los límites y el contenido esencial de esos derechos. Esto ha originado problemas tanto en la relación entre la jurisdicción ordinaria y la constitucional, como en la regulación legal posterior de cuestiones ya abordadas por la doctrina constitucional.Recibido: 30 octubre 2018Aceptado: 21 noviembre 2018Publicación en línea: 27 diciembre 2018
The Effect of CaO Weight from Snail Shell (Pilla Ampullacea) On Its Activity As Heterogeneous Catalyst on Biodiesel Conversion Of Bran Oil
Authors: Fatmawati Hikmah , Puspitasari Wellyana , Pujiarti Rohini , Ardyanti Sesy , Fatimah Is 
Published: January 2019

Research on utilization of snail (Pilla ampullacea) shell as CaO source for biodiesel conversion from rice bran oil has been investigated. CaO was derived by calcining the shell at pada 900oC for 2 h. The powder obtained from the process was characterized using x-ray diffraction (XRD),Â energy dispersive x-ray (EDX), Fourier-Transform Infra-red (FTIR) and surface basicity test. In order to test the activity of catalyst, effect of catalyst weight on the yield of conversion as studied. Results show that the derived material is composed from dominantly CaO and the material demonstrates activity in rice bran conversion into biodiesel. Compared toÂ NaOH, the CaO catalyst exhibits more effectively active as shown by the higher yield. From varied catalyst weight, it is obtained that at the range of 2.5-10% catalyst weight does not affect significantly to the increasing yield.Â
Survival Analysis of Child Patient Diarrhea Using Kaplan Meier Method and Rank Log Test
Authors: Muhajir Muhammad , Palupi Yayi Diyah 
Published: January 2019

Diarrhea being one of public health problems that important because it is third major contributor theÂ pain children in various countries including indonesia. This research using data from islam hospital medical record jakarta in january 2017 shows that diarrhea cases were occupying the highest rank of various types of disease in patients children, using indicators long healed patients , the age of , andsex. Methods used to determine function survival who dominated in patients children are Kaplan Meier and Log Rank. The results of the analysis method kaplan meier got that patients male had the probability of healed longer than for patients female as well as patients age of 6- 11 years had the probability healed longer than the age of â‰¤ 5 years. To Log Rank test got that there is no significant difference between the survival function based on sex and age patients.
Saccharin Extraction And Analysis Of Drug And Food Samples By Derivative Ultraviolet (UV) Spectrophotometry
Authors: Hermanto Sarwendah Ratnawati , Roto Roto , Kuncaka Agus 
Published: January 2019

Saccharin extraction and analysis of drug and food samples was investegated by spectrophotometry ultraviolet (uv) derivative method were studied. The saccharin extraction was carried out using solvent of ethanol/chloroform (2:8 v/v). The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) of the proposed method were 0.50 ppm and 1.82 ppm for the second order and 0.47 ppm and 1.58 ppm for the fourth, while for the zero order were 2,75 ppm and 8,55 ppm. The calibration curve was linear in the concentration range from 20-100 ppm (R2= 0.996 for the second order and R2=0.997 for the fourth). The percent recovery of saccharin was in the range 95.20-104.40% for the second order and 97.20-102.40% for the fourth. The range of saccharin concentration (w/w) in drugs, candies and toothpaste for the fourth derivative were 1.39±0.02 mg/kg until 7.15±0.05 mg/kg, 0.21±0.01 mg/kg until 2.09±0.01 mg/kg, and 0.15±0.03 mg/kg until 0.63±0.04 mg/kg, respectively.
Protoporphyrin IX Extraction from Quail Eggshell (Cortunix cortunix) and Its Complexity with Zn(II)
Authors: Laksono A. Rindang Anggit , Martono Yohanes , Riyanto Cucun Alep 
Published: January 2019

The aim of this research is to find the optimal condition for Zn(II) complexation with protoporphyrin IX which is a natural coloring pigment on quail eggshell. The concentration of protoporphyrin IX extract is 0.01% (w / w) of the dried extract. The results of the complex are analyzed using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The design used was central composite design with 3 factor variables X1 = pH (2; 4; 6), X2 = ratios (1: 3,1: 4,1: 5) and X3 = time (30 ', 60', 90 '). The modeling used is linear and shows that the pH, ratio, and time factor have an influence on the complexation. This model gives the absorbance equation Y = 2.12506 - 0.049856X1 - 020316X2 - 0,00409857X3 and gives treatment in the most optimum complexation of pH 2; ratio of 1: 3; and time for 30 minutes with the absorbance of 1,293 and the desirability value of 0.825.
DEVELOPMENT OF BASIC TECHNIQUES PROCUREMENT MODEL A BOL SOCCER ATHLETES BASED PLAY FOR BEGINNERS AGES 8-12 YEARS
Authors: Atiq Ahmad , Tangkudung James , Mulyana Mulyana 
Published: January 2019

The research aimed to develop basic technique drill using Play- based training for beginner athletes in the age of 8-12 years old in football schools in Universitas Diponegoro and Djarum Kudus. The research employed Borg and Gall methodology by three treatments; namely small group test, big group test, and model test. Research finding showed that in small group test this model could be applied for beginner athletes, while in big group this model was able to be used with coach instruction and in model test there was significant improvement on basic technique drill on passing, dribbling, heading, and shooting. Based on model test (t test), pre -test was 10,69 and post-test was 10,91 with average score was 10,80 increasing by 98%. It can be suggested game based training could improve passing, trapping, dribbling, heading and shooting techniques.
Key words: Developing, Play-Based Training, Technique Drill
EVALUATION OF REGIONAL TRAINING CENTER PROGRAM (PUSLATDA) KONI SOUTH SUMATRA PROVINCE TO FACE UPON PON XIX JAWA BARAT
Authors: Yusfi Herri 
Published: January 2019

The purpose of this study was to evaluate context, input, process, and product of Puslatda program in South Sumatra at PON XIX 2016 in West Java. This research was an evaluation research. The subject of research, namely management of KONI south Sumatra, sport branch, trainers, and athletes of sports included in Puslatda program South Sumatra with the amount of 137 people. Data collection techniques used in this study was using interviews, questionnaires, and documentation. Sampling technique used for this study was purposive sampling technique. The data analysis technique used in this study was using qualitative and quantitative descriptive analysis.The result of this study was concluded that the overall result of the evaluation ofPuslatdaprogram in South Sumatra to face upon PON XIX 2016 in West Java is in sufficient category. The explanation of the resultsare: (1) Context evaluation shows good category, clear program planning, presence of goals and objectives in Puslatda program, and vision and mission during Puslatda. (2) the evaluation of inputs is in sufficient category, (3) the evaluation of the process is in sufficient category, the suitability of implementation details of the program and many implementation activities are not in accordance with description of the program tasks; and (4) the evaluation of the products are showing the achievement of the overall Puslatda program is considered in poor category, judged from the achievements of South Sumatra athletes in PON XIX West Java which is not in accordance with the target.

Keywords: Program Evaluation, Regional Training Center (PUSLATDA).
MODEL DEVELOPMENT OF PHYSICAL EXERCISE GOALKEEPER OF FOOTBALL WITH CIRCUIT
Authors: Apriliyanto Rizki , Mulyana Mulyana , Tangkudung James 
Published: January 2019

This study aims to develop models of physical exercise soccer goalie by using the circuit method. Research development is packaged in the form of circuit training models to improve the physical condition of football goalkeeper. Methods used are research and development (Research and Development) of the Borg & Gall with 10 steps. Feasibility models and evaluated by five expert sports. Those are 2 experts of coaching and 3 experts of goalkeeper. While the subject of research is the goalkeeper in Banyuwangi. This research begins with needs analysis, planning, product, testing, revision and final products. The results show that this model is feasible to use the product goalkeeper. In the test results for small groups and large groups can be explained that the model as a whole can do well. In a test of the effectiveness of the mean value for the group amounted to 42 221 circuit and the value of the conventional group amounted to 33 167 t-count value 3,447 such results can be declared effective circuit training models to improve the physical abilities keeper.It shows that the model of physical exercise with circuit can be used by the goalkeeper in football and can effectively improve the physical abilities soccer goalkeeper.
Keywords: Exercise Models, Methods Circuits, Physical Condition.